gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure of plant cell walls. Purification and characterization of a beta-1,4-galactanase which degrades a structural component of the primary cell walls of dicots. (1976)

Wild type Bacillus subtilis, when grown on a soybean arabinan-galactan, secretes a beta-1,4-galactanase which has been purified more than 200-fold from the culture fluid. Affinity chromatography was the most effective step in a purification procedure which resulted in a preparation that contained only a single 40,000 molecular weight protein band upon sodium dodecyl sulfate-disc gel electrophoresis. The purified galactanase digests a beta-1,4-galactan purified from citrus pectin and digests partially the isolated cell walls of suspension-cultured sycamore cells. The predominant product of the enzymic degradation of the substrates tested is a 4-linked tetragalactose. Evidence is presented to support the hypothesis that the galactanase attacks its substrates in both an exo- and endo-manner. The products obtained upon galactanase digestion of the soybean arabianin-galactan demonstrate that the earlier proposal concerning the structure of this polysaccharide must be incorrect.
Mechanism of Antibacterial Activity of Liposomal Linolenic Acid against Helicobacter pylori (2015)

Helicobacter pylori infects approximately half of the world population and is a major cause of gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. Moreover, this bacterium has quickly developed resistance to all major antibiotics. Recently, we developed a novel liposomal linolenic acid (LipoLLA) formulation, which showed potent bactericidal activity against several clinical isolated antibiotic-resistant strains of H. pylori including both the spiral and coccoid form. In addition, LipoLLA had superior in vivo efficacy compared to the standard triple therapy. Our data showed that LipoLLA associated with H. pylori cell membrane. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the possible antibacterial mechanism of LipoLLA against H. pylori. The antibacterial activity of LipoLLA (C18:3) was compared to that of liposomal stearic acid (LipoSA, C18:0) and oleic acid (LipoOA, C18:1). LipoLLA showed the most potent bactericidal effect and completely killed H. pylori within 5 min. The permeability of the outer membrane of H. pylori increased when treated with LipoOA and LipoLLA. Moreover, by detecting released adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from bacteria, we found that bacterial plasma membrane of H. pylori treated with LipoLLA exhibited significantly higher permeability than those treated with LipoOA, resulting in bacteria cell death. Furthermore, LipoLLA caused structural changes in the bacterial membrane within 5 min affecting membrane integrity and leading to leakage of cytoplasmic contents, observed by both transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Our findings showing rapid bactericidal effect of LipoLLA suggest it is a very promising new, effective anti-H. pylori agent.
Reducing Acidity of Tropical Acid Soil to Improve Phosphorus Availability and Zea mays L. Productivity through Efficient Use of Chicken Litter Biochar and Triple Superphosphate (2020)

Phosphorus is a macronutrient which plays an important role in plant metabolism, growth, and development. However, in tropical acid soils, P fixation is high because of significant amounts of Al and Fe ions. Al and Fe ions can reduce diffusion of P into plant roots. Low absorption of P at initial growth of most plants causes stunting and slow growth of plant leaves. This process reduces photosynthesis. Chicken litter biochar (CLB) had been used on tropical acid soils to improve total P, available P, organic P, and inorganic fractions of P. Moreover, CLB is able to reduce exchangeable acidity, Fe, and Al ions in mineral acid soils because of the reactive surfaces of this organic amendment. However, there is dearth of information on the effects of the right combination of CLB and triple superphosphate (TSP) on the aforementioned soil chemical properties and crop productivity. To this end, the objectives of this study were to improve P: (i) Availability in a mineral acid soil and (ii) uptake, agronomic efficiency, and dry matter yield of Zea mays L. using the right amounts of TSP and CLB. Combinations of 75%, 50%, and 25% CLB (based on recommended 5 t ha−1) and TSP (based on recommended P fertilization for maize) were evaluated in a pot study. Selected soil chemical properties, maize plants nutrient uptake, growth variables, and dry matter yield were determined using standard measures. Results showed that 25% and 50% biochar of 5 t ha−1 with 75% TSP can increase soil P availability, recovery, agronomic use efficiency, and dry matter yield of maize plants. These optimum rates can also reduce P fixation by Al and Fe ions. Therefore, soil and maize productivity can be improved by using CLB (25% and 50% of 5 t ha−1) and TSP (75% of conventional rate) to increase nutrients availability especially P.
Integrin Receptor Imaging of Breast Cancer: A Proof-of-Concept Study to Evaluate (2006)

Tc-NC100692.Theagent is asmallpep-tide with high afﬁnity for integrin receptors that are upregulatedand expressed preferentially on proliferating endothelial cells.Methods: Sixteen patients with suggestive mammographicﬁndings and 4 patients with benign lesions were included. The‘‘standard of truth’’ was based on the histopathologic diagnosisof the recruited patients. All subjects received up to 75 mgof
Urinary steroid profile in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency under conventional glucocorticoid replacement: a case control study (2018)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
Image Denoising by Fourier Block Processing and Wiener Filtering (2015)

The purpose of image denoising is to get a clear version of a noisy image. Although the current denoising methods produce acceptable results; they suffer from certain visible artifacts. We propose a method for image denoising, which can be implemented in both spatial and spectral domains. We offer an image denoising method based on block processing and wiener filtering. The experimental results demonstrate that this algorithm achieves good performance in terms of both peak-signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and visual quality.
A novel E-plane technology for spaceborne mm-wave up and down converters (1993)

This paper describes the design of mmW up/down converters in E-plane configuration (fin line) using ceramic substrates soldered onto aluminium alloy waveguide structures. On the basis of the measured test results, it is demonstrated that the proposed design approach is very suitable for mm-wave applications both in terms of electrical and mechanical performances, offering good prospects of applicability as consequence of the high reliability of the technique.
A bounded first-in, first-enabled solution to the l -exclusion problem (1994)

This article presents a solution to the first-come, first-enabled ℓ-exclusion problem of Fischer et al. [1979]. Unlike their solution, this solution does not use powerful read-modify-write synchronization primitives and requires only bounded shared memory. Use of the concurrent timestamp system of Dolev and Shavir [1989] is key in solving the problem within bounded shared memory.
Power-Performance Study of Block-Level Monolithic 3D-ICs Considering Inter-Tier Performance Variations (2014)

In this paper we study the power vs. performance tradeoff in block-level monolithic 3D IC designs. Our study shows that we can close the power-performance gap between 2D and a theoretical lower bound by up to 50%. We model the inter-tier performance variations caused by a low temperature manufacturing process on the non-bottom tiers. We also model an alternate manufacturing process, where highly resistive tungsten interconnects are used on the bottom tier to withstand a high temperature process on the non-bottom tiers. We propose a variation-aware floorplanning technique that makes our design more tolerant to these variations. We demonstrate that our design methods can help us obtain high quality designs even under inter-tier performance variations.
Steady State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP) Changes in Response to Olfactory Stimulation (1998)

The location, nature and characteristics of brain activity during detection and identification of odors are of importance if brain function techniques are to be of value to sensory systems. Steady state probe topography (SSPT) has been used in our laboratory to record steady state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP), which have demonstrated cognitive task-related changes in a variety of testing paradigms. The enhanced spatial (when using 64 channels) and temporal resolution (380 ms) of the system enable the brain electrical activity changes occurring before, during and after delivery of an odor to be examined. We have developed a system which can deliver odors during normal respiration and the accurate timing needed for SSVEP recordings. The system is based on the premise that a subject breathing butanol compared with filtered medical air will demonstrate SSVEP topographic changes associated with detection and identification of butanol. During our experiments the subject has either an air sample or an equal volume of butanol injected into the inspiratory airflow. These are randomized, and every breath has the same stimulus system with no known clues as to the differences apart from detection. The results from a panel of 10 female subjects--who all identified the butanol correctly--showed that butanol delivery resulted in sequences of changes in SSVEP topography (amplitude and latencies) which involved parietal, frontal and temporal regions. While consistent with other studies (parietal changes), our results revealed more dynamic temporal changes involving prefrontal and parietal regions at different periods around odor delivery.
The manufacture, shipping and receiving and quality control of rodent bedding materials. (1980)

The criteria for rodent bedding and nesting materials are discussed. The literature is reviewed regarding sources of bedding materials, manufacturing methods, quality control, procedures (microbiological, physical and chemical), storage, methods, shipment, methods of use and disposal, current knowledge concerning bedding effects on animals as related to research and testing and legal aspects. Future needs, especially with respect to the promulgation of standards, also are addressed.
Fabrication of Highly Crystalline Corundum-Structured α-(Ga1-xFex)2O3Alloy Thin Films on Sapphire Substrates (2009)

Highly crystalline corundum-structured α-(Ga1-xFex)2O3 alloy thin films were fabricated on c-plane sapphire substrates by using a mist chemical vapor deposition method. The full-widths at half maximum of X-ray diffraction rocking curves were smaller than 100 arcsec for the entire range of x from 0 to 1. Optical band gaps were artificially tuned to a value between those of α-Ga2O3 and α-Fe2O3, that is, 2.2 and 5.3 eV with changing the Fe content x in the films. Magnetic measurements revealed ferromagnetic properties of a α-(Ga1-xFex)2O3 (x = 0.24) thin film at 110 K.
Circuit sensitivity analysis in terms of process parameters (2002)

A new methodology for sensitivity analysis at circuit level in terms of process parameters is presented. Response functions for long-channel MOSFETs are found from process and device simulations. Responses for a device with arbitrary dimensions are subsequently calculated using the MOS MODEL 9 scaling rules.
Overview (2014)

Abstract The legal regimes adopted and being implemented by parties to the OECD Convention flow from a common framework. Yet even when the anti-bribery legal regimes are virtually identical, the differences can still be significant in the context of a range of factors that are unique to each legal system. Moreover, enforcement of a single prohibition is not the only means by which improper inducements to foreign public officials are being deterred. A series of seemingly collateral legal regimes of a more general nature – such as relating to private bribery or commercial bribery, money laundering, record-keeping practices, and internal controls – may also be applied in enhancing the effectiveness of the prohibitions. In many instances, these corresponding legal regimes may serve as an even more effective means of deterrence as well as an important consideration in implementing effective compliance programs. The Overview also introduces the FCPA and the UK Bribery Act.
The Effect of a Synthetic Estrogen, Ethinylestradiol, on the hERG Block by E-4031 (2021)

Inhibition of K<sup>+</sup>-conductance through the human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) channel leads to QT prolongation and is associated with cardiac arrhythmias. We previously reported that physiological concentrations of some estrogens partially suppress the hERG channel currents by interacting with the S6 residue F656 and increase the sensitivity of hERG blockade by E-4031. Although these studies suggested that clinically used synthetic estrogens with similar structures have the marked potential to alter hERG functions, the hERG interactions with synthetic estrogens have not been assessed. We therefore examined whether ethinylestradiol (EE2), a synthetic estrogen used in oral contraceptives, affects hERG function and blockade by drugs. Supratherapeutic concentrations of EE2 did not alter amplitudes or kinetics of the hERG currents elicited by train pulses at 20 mV (0.1 Hz). On the other hand, EE2 at therapeutic concentrations reduced the degree of hERG current suppression by E-4031. The administration of EE2 followed by E-4031 blockade reversed the current suppression, suggesting that the interaction of EE2 and E-4031 alters hERG at the drug-binding site. The effects of EE2 on hERG blockade raised the possibility that other estrogens, including synthetic estrogens, can alter hERG blockade by drugs that cause QT prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias.
Asymptotic performances of nonrepetitive and repetitive turbo codes (2002)

The analytically calculated asymptotic BER performance of turbo codes using a transfer function bound technique is presented. Good code structures for constraints lengths 3, 4, and 5 are listed. The repetitive turbo code is introduced with two types of decoding algorithms. Its asymptotic BER performance is presented. Good repetitive turbo codes are also listed. It is shown that the BER performance can be improved using the repetitive turbo code.
Candidacidal activity of synthetic peptides based on the antimicrobial domain of the neutrophil-derived protein, CAP37 (2010)

The primary bactericidal domain of CAP37, a cationic antimicrobial protein with potent activity against Gram-negative organisms was previously shown to reside between amino acids 20 through 44 (NQGRHFCGGALIHARFVMTAASCFQ) of the native protein. In this study, we explored the effi cacy of four synthetic CAP37 peptide analogs, based on this sequence, against various Candida species including fl uconazole-sensitive and -resistant isolates of C . albicans. Three of the peptides demonstrated strong antifungal activity for C. albicans , including fl uconazole-resistant isolates of C. albicans and were active against C. guilliermondii , C. tropicalis , C. pseudotropicalis , C. parapsilosis , and C. dubliniensis . The peptides were ineffective against C. glabrata , C. krusei, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae . For C. albicans isolates, the peptides had relatively greater activity against blastoconidia than hyphal forms, although strong antifungal activity was observed with pseudohyphal forms of the various Candida species tested. Kinetic studies demonstrated fungicidal rather than fungistatic activity. These fi ndings indicate that synthetic peptides based on the antimicrobial domain of CAP37 also have activity against eukaryotic organisms suggesting a broader range of activity than originally demonstrated and show for the fi rst time their potent fungicidal activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalyzed Anodic Oxidation of Aldehydes. (2013)

Abstract The direct anodic oxidation of the organocatalytically generated intermediate derived from the aldehyde and thiazolium perchlorate MTP or ITP (Breslow intermediates) in the presence of a variety of alcohols affords carboxylic acid esters without the use of exogenous oxidants.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Proton Affinity and Anticancer Properties of the Prodigiosin‐Group Natural Products. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dairy matrix: is the whole greater than the sum of the parts? (2021)

Dairy foods are a heterogeneous group of products that vary in physical state and structure; profile and amounts of essential nutrients, bioactive ingredients, and other constituents; the extent of alteration of these constituents by processing, whether they are fermented or aged; and addition of constituents during manufacture. The complexity of the dairy matrix is associated with a heterogeneous impact on health outcomes from increased, decreased, or neutral effects for specific dairy products and specific health outcomes. Researchers must become more nuanced and systematic in their study of the role of dairy products in health to develop meaningful dietary recommendations. This review of the evidence for the dairy matrix and health points out the dearth of randomized controlled trials and of mechanistic insights. The variable effects of dairy-product consumption on health suggest possibilities for personalized nutrition advice.
Natural Products Isolated from Oriental Medicinal Herbs Inactivate Zika Virus (2019)

Zika virus (ZIKV) has been associated with serious health conditions, and an intense search to discover different ways to prevent and treat ZIKV infection is underway. Berberine and emodin possess several pharmacological properties and have been shown to be particularly effective against the entry and replication of several viruses. We show that emodin and berberine trigger a virucidal effect on ZIKV. When the virus was exposed to 160 µM of berberine, a reduction of 77.6% in the infectivity was observed; when emodin was used (40 µM), this reduction was approximately 83.3%. Dynamic light scattering data showed that both compounds significantly reduce the hydrodynamic radius of virus particle in solution. We report here that berberine and emodin, two natural compounds, have strong virucidal effect in Zika virus.
Computational System to Classify Cyber Crime Offenses using Machine Learning (2020)

Particularly in the last decade, Internet usage has been growing rapidly. However, as the Internet becomes a part of the day to day activities, cybercrime is also on the rise. Cybercrime will cost nearly $6 trillion per annum by 2021 as per the cybersecurity ventures report in 2020. For illegal activities, cybercriminals utilize any network computing devices as a primary means of communication with a victims’ devices, so attackers get profit in terms of finance, publicity and others by exploiting the vulnerabilities over the system. Cybercrimes are steadily increasing daily. Evaluating cybercrime attacks and providing protective measures by manual methods using existing technical approaches and also investigations has often failed to control cybercrime attacks. Existing literature in the area of cybercrime offenses suffers from a lack of a computation methods to predict cybercrime, especially on unstructured data. Therefore, this study proposes a flexible computational tool using machine learning techniques to analyze cybercrimes rate at a state wise in a country that helps to classify cybercrimes. Security analytics with the association of data analytic approaches help us for analyzing and classifying offenses from India-based integrated data that may be either structured or unstructured. The main strength of this work is testing analysis reports, which classify the offenses accurately with 99 percent accuracy.
A super-infection in the cornea caused by Stemphylium, Acremonium, and α-Streptococcus (2017)

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of fungal keratitis caused by Stemphylium sp., and also the first case of super-infection in the cornea caused by two different fungi and one bacterium. Microscopic examination of the corneal scrapings was beneficial in rapid decision of changing to appropriate drug according to the dominancy of pathogenicity.
Prognostic factors related to postoperative survival in the newly classified clinical T4 lung cancer (2019)

Surgery provided encouraging survival outcomes for clinical T4 NSCLC based on the 8th edition of classification. The nodal status and R-status were significant prognostic factors for postoperative survival.
Successful Inhibition of Deep, Hot, Sour-Gas Wells (1992)

Summary The sour-gas wells in the Big Escambia Creek (BEC) field of South Alabama have a production environment that consists of 280°F, 21% H2S, 40% CO2, and up to 190, 000 ppm chlorides in the produced water. The highly corrosive conditions demand the ultimate in a corrosion mitigation program to produce these wells safely and economically. This paper describes the background, technical development, and results of the downhole and gathering-system corrosion inhibition and monitoring programs: continuous downhole inhibition by means of annular injection of a water-dispersible inhibitor in the most aggressive wells; downhole batch treatments with nitrified tubing displacements of an oil-soluble inhibitor in the remaining wells; continuous injection of a water-dispersible inhibitor in the gathering lines to augment the batch treatments and in selected highly corrosive wells; monitoring of inhibitor residuals and plotting of trends to ensure the effectiveness of downhole treatments and to optimize injection rates; and flowline calipers and hydrotests to monitor the gathering-line inhibition programs. The paper also describes the computerized approach used in designing, calculating, and updating both the continuous downhole injection system and the nitrified batch treatments. The success of the inhibition and monitoring program is demonstrated by the tubing life achieved, field data on inhibitor residuals, and flowline and downhole calipers. The technical data presented will aid in the design and implementation of successful inhibition programs for highly corrosive production environments.
Current Sensor Based Home Appliance and State of Appliance Recognition (2010)

This paper presents a current sensor-based home appliance and its state recognition method for intelligent outlets. Our system has three main functions: remote control, monitoring, and power supply schedule management. This research focuses particular on the monitoring function. To recognize the appliance and the state of the appliance, we extract ten features based on a measured current signal. In the experiment, we gather a number of signals with various appliances, and find that three features Irms, Iavg, and Ipeak yield valid recognition results of 84.3%, 86.4%, and 90.3% for classifying the state of the appliance into three categories. Moreover, sufficient recognition rates of 97.4%, 97.7%, and 99.0% are obtained by consideration of three candidates.