gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dependence of the work-function difference between the polysilicon gate and silicon substrate on the doping level in polysilicon (1985)

We correlate the work-function difference φ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ps</inf> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sup> between the polysilicon gate and the silicon substrate in an MOS system with the doping level and carrier concentration in polysilicon. Polysilicon was doped by ion implantation with arsenic and phosphorus. The doping level was varied from 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">19</sup> to 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">20</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> . Hall measurements were used to determine the carrier concentration in polysilicon at a given doping level. The Hall mobility and resistivity as a function of doping level were also obtained. The work function difference φ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ps</inf> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sup> was determined by capacitance-voltage measurements on polysilicon-SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> -Si capacitors with different oxide thicknesses. When plotted against the doping level, the work-function difference had a maximum at a dopant concentration of ≈ 5 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">19</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> , which corresponds to an electron concentration of 1.5 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">19</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> . At higher doping levels the value of φ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ps</inf> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sup> decreases. The results can not be fully understood in terms of the Si band structure.
Palladin Is a Regulator of Actin Filament Bundles at the Ectoplasmic Specialization in Adult Rat Testes (2013)

In rat testes, the ectoplasmic specialization (ES) at the Sertoli-Sertoli and Sertoli-spermatid interface known as the basal ES at the blood-testis barrier and the apical ES in the adluminal compartment, respectively, is a testis-specific adherens junction. The remarkable ultrastructural feature of the ES is the actin filament bundles that sandwiched in between the cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum and apposing plasma membranes. Although these actin filament bundles undergo extensive reorganization to switch between their bundled and debundled state to facilitate blood-testis barrier restructuring and spermatid adhesion/transport, the regulatory molecules underlying these events remain unknown. Herein we report findings of an actin filament cross-linking/bundling protein palladin, which displayed restrictive spatiotemporal expression at the apical and the basal ES during the epithelial cycle. Palladin structurally interacted and colocalized with Eps8 (epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8, an actin barbed end capping and bundling protein) and Arp3 (actin related protein 3, which together with Arp2 form the Arp2/3 complex to induce branched actin nucleation, converting bundled actin filaments to an unbundled/branched network), illustrating its role in regulating actin filament bundle dynamics at the ES. A knockdown of palladin in Sertoli cells in vitro with an established tight junction (TJ)-permeability barrier was found to disrupt the TJ function, which was associated with a disorganization of actin filaments that affected protein distribution at the TJ. Its knockdown in vivo also perturbed F-actin organization that led to a loss of spermatid polarity and adhesion, causing defects in spermatid transport and spermiation. In summary, palladin is an actin filament regulator at the ES.
Analysis of immunoarrays using a gold grating-based dual mode surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE) sensor chip (2012)

We have developed a novel dual mode immunoassay platform that combines the advantages of real-time, label free measurement of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and the highly directional surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE) using a gold grating-based sensor chip. Since only fluorophore-labeled analyte molecules that are close to the metal surface of the sensor chip will couple to the surface plasmon, SPCE detection is highly surface-specific leading to background suppression and increased sensitivity. Theoretical calculations were done to find SPR and SPCE angles for a sensor chip optimized for Alexa Fluor 647. We have confirmed the SPR and SPCE responses on the dual mode sensor chip using Alexa Fluor 647 labeled anti-mouse IgG. Signal fluctuation of the dual mode sensor chip reader was below 1.2% and 0.8% for SPR and SPCE, respectively. The SPR response in this configuration showed a minimum detection level of 1 μg ml(-1), and the SPCE response showed a minimum detection level of 1 ng ml(-1) for the same sample. A range of human IgG concentrations in human serum was also analyzed with the dual mode sensor chip. The SPCE measurement is more sensitive than the SPR real-time measurement, and substantially extends the dynamic range of the assay platform, as well as enabling independent measurements of co-localized analytes on the same sensor chip region of interest. Since this assay platform is capable of measuring more than 1000 spatially encoded regions of interest on a 1 cm(2) sensor chip, it has the potential for high-content analyses of biological samples with both research and clinical applications.
The Primary Structure of a Human Immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) pFc′ Fragment (1978)

Abstract Amino acid sequence analysis of the pFc′ fragment obtained by pepsin digestion of a human IgG2 myeloma protein PIG Gm (n or 23) negative shows it to consist of 112 residues. It starts at position 334 (γ1 numbering) and contains eight residues from the Cγ2 region, and the whole Cγ3 domain. Comparison with the sequence of γ1 shows two differences at positions 339 and 397. Each of them can be explained by a single base substitution. This high degree of homology among γ-chain subclasses suggests a recent diversification.
Interaction of photons and neutrons with matter (2022)

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Pro-inflammatory proteins S100A9 and tumor necrosis factor-α suppress erythropoietin elaboration in myelodysplastic syndromes (2017)

Accumulating evidence implicates innate immune activation in the pathobiology of myelodysplastic syndromes. A key myeloid-related inflammatory protein, S100A9, serves as a Toll-like receptor ligand regulating tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β production. The role of myelodysplastic syndrome-related inflammatory proteins in endogenous erythropoietin regulation and response to erythroid-stimulating agents or lenalidomide has not been investigated. The HepG2 hepatoma cell line was used to investigate <i>in vitro</i> erythropoietin elaboration. Serum samples collected from 311 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome were investigated (125 prior to treatment with erythroid-stimulating agents and 186 prior to lenalidomide therapy). Serum concentrations of S100A9, S100A8, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β and erythropoietin were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Using erythropoietin-producing HepG2 cells, we show that S100A9, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β suppress transcription and cellular elaboration of erythropoietin. Pre-incubation with lenalidomide significantly diminished suppression of erythropoietin production by S100A9 or tumor necrosis factor-α. Moreover, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with myelodysplastic syndromes, lenalidomide significantly reduced steady-state S100A9 generation (<i>P</i>=0.01) and lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-α elaboration (<i>P</i>=0.002). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays of serum from 316 patients with non-del(5q) myelodysplastic syndromes demonstrated a significant inverse correlation between tumor necrosis factor-α and erythropoietin concentrations (<i>P</i>=0.006), and between S100A9 and erythropoietin (<i>P</i>=0.01). Moreover, baseline serum tumor necrosis factor-α concentration was significantly higher in responders to erythroid-stimulating agents (<i>P</i>=0.03), whereas lenalidomide responders had significantly lower tumor necrosis factor-α and higher S100A9 serum concentrations (<i>P</i>=0.03). These findings suggest that S100A9 and its nuclear factor-κB transcriptional target, tumor necrosis factor-α, directly suppress erythropoietin elaboration in myelodysplastic syndromes. These cytokines may serve as rational biomarkers of response to lenalidomide and erythroid-stimulating agent treatments. Therapeutic strategies that either neutralize or suppress S100A9 may improve erythropoiesis in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes.
A Note on the Relationship between the Parameters in the Mark-Houwink Equation (1963)

Flory理論, 倉田-山川理論, 倉田-Stockmayer理論から出発して, 固有粘度 [η]-分子量M関係 [r1] =KmMaの係数Kmとaとの間に成り立つ関係式を, Flory理論だけから出発した前報と同じ手法を用いて導出した。これらの関係式を実験データに適用するとポリメタクリル酸メチル, ポリスチレン, ポリ酢酸ビニル, アタクチックポリプロピレンでは実験データをうまく説明できる。前法と同じ方法でKmとaの関係を解析すると, Flocy定数Kをより精度よく決定できる。硝酸セルロースでは体積効果以外にすぬけ効果を考慮しなければならない。すぬけ効果を考慮した場合のKmとaとの間の関係式を導いた。これをN=12%の硝酸セルロースに適用し, すぬけの効果のパラメータΔ≒0.20を得た。
Four New Compounds Isolated from the Aerial Part of <i>Belamcanda chinensis</i> (L.) and Their Effect on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell (VSMC) Proliferation (2018)

Bio-guided fractionation of the 70% ethanol extract of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. revealed four new compounds, including 6″-O-acetylembinin (5), 3″-O-acetylembinin (6), irigenin 3'-O-β-glucopyranoside (8), and 2'-acetyl-1,3-O-diferuloylsucrose (9), along with five known compounds (1-4, 7). Their chemical structures were determined using extensive NMR data, mass spectroscopy, and comparison with published literature. Among the isolates, compounds 1 and 4-7 achieved good regulation of the growth and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells.
Space-time autocoding constellations with pairwise-independent signals (2002)

Summary form only given. The space-time autocoding effect implies that arbitrarily reliable communication is possible within a single coherence interval in Rayleigh flat fading as the symbol-duration of the coherence interval and the number of transmit antennas grow simultaneously. For relatively short (e.g., 16-symbol) coherence intervals, a codebook of isotropically random unitary space-time signals theoretically supports transmission rates that are a significant fraction of autocapacity with an extremely low probability of error. However a constellation of the required size (typically L=2/sup 80/) is impossible to generate and store, and due to lack of structure there is little hope of finding a fast decoding scheme. We propose a random, but highly structured, constellation that is completely specified by log/sub 2/ L independent isotropically distributed unitary matrices. The distinguishing property of this construction is that any two signals in the constellation are pairwise statistically independent and isotropically distributed. Thus, the pairwise probability of error, and hence the union bound on the block probability of error, of the structured constellation is identical to that of a fully random constellation of independent signals.
Single Domain m-Plane ZnO Grown on m-Plane Sapphire by Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering (2012)

High-quality m-plane orientated ZnO films have been successfully grown on m-plane sapphire by using radio frequency magnetron sputtering deposition. The introduction of a nanometer-thick, low-temperature-grown ZnO buffer layer effectively eliminates inclusions of other undesirable orientations. The structure characteristics of the ZnO epi-layers were thoroughly studied by synchrotron X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The in-plane epitaxial relationship between ZnO and sapphire follows (0002)(ZnO) [parallel] (112[overline]0)(sapphire) and (112[overline]0)(ZnO) [parallel] (0006)(sapphire) and the ZnO/sapphire interface structure can be described by the domain matching epitaxy along the [112[overline]0](ZnO) direction. The vibrational properties of the films were investigated by polarization dependent micro-Raman spectroscopy. Both XRD and micro-Raman results reveal that the obtained m-ZnO layers are under an anisotropic biaxial strain but still retains a hexagonal lattice.
Multimode stability analysis of side-mode injection-locked semiconductor lasers (1989)

Semiconductor lasers with their relatively low- Q Fabry-Perot cavities typically have multimode spectra and poor frequency stability. Injection locking has proved useful in achieving single-mode operation under high-speed modulation and enabling pure amplitude or phase modulation. Compared with a conventional setup, where light is injected into the free-running dominant mode, side-mode injection locking permits us to extend the available range of device parameters such as lasing frequency, linewidth, or modulation bandwith. Also, spectral variation of laser characteristics, e.g., gain or linewidth enhancement factor, can be determined by scanning the injected longitudinal modes of the slave. In our analysis, we use multimode rate equations including a phase equation for the injected mode. The dynamic stability is investigated by considering small fluctuations around the stationary solutions. The results are then compared with a simple single-mode approximation. As an example, a typical index guided 1.54- µ m InGaAsP laser is considered. A full multimode stability test confirms the single-mode result that detuning the lasing mode toward the shortwavelength side of the gain peak increases the resonance frequency v r . At a pumping level 20% above the free-running threshold, the maximum enhancement of v r occurs three mode spacings away from the central mode. An additional benefit is that optical injection enhances the field damping, thereby narrowing the spectral linewidth, increasing modal stability, and reducing the dynamic frequency chirp. We conclude that the side-mode injection locking may be useful for such uses as optical communication, fast switching, and ultrashort pulse generation.
Strömungsdynamische Untersuchungen am Cavakatheter - Hydrodynamic Investigations in Central Venous Catheters (1981)

Article Strömungsdynamische Untersuchungen am Cavakatheter - Hydrodynamic Investigations in Central Venous Catheters was published on January 1, 1981 in the journal Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik (volume 26, issue 4).
Similarities and differences between normal urges and the urge to tic (2011)

Abstract Investigations into the neurobiological substrates underlying urge are important for developing better understanding and treatment for impulse-control disorders. We characterize the phenomenon based on normal bodily (interoceptive) urges. Features include the following: a preceding awareness of an uncomfortable bodily sensation, a sense of urgency that action must be taken, rising distress when action is delayed, a temporary (e.g., a few minutes in length) ability to suppress or manifest the action voluntarily, subsequent relief once action is taken, association with an action that is necessary to survival. We compare and contrast these characteristics with those described by Tourette syndrome patients as the urge to tic, and highlight several unknowns which merit further investigation.
An Open Trial of Morning Light Therapy for Treatment of Antepartum Depression (2002)

These data provide evidence that morning light therapy has an antidepressant effect during pregnancy. A randomized controlled trial is warranted to test this alternative to medication.
Seizure Recurrence after Planned Discontinuation of Antiepileptic Drugs in Seizure‐free Patients after Epilepsy Surgery: A Review of Current Clinical Experience (2004)

AED discontinuation is associated with a seizure recurrence in one in three patients rendered seizure free by epilepsy surgery. These results will be useful in counseling patients about discontinuing AED treatment after successful epilepsy surgery.
Pergolide therapy for Parkinson's disease (1984)

Pergolide mesylate, a long-acting dopamine agonist, is effective in treating Parkinson's disease. Behavioral change is said to be one adverse effect. We therefore studied 19 parkinsonian patients with neuropsychological tests before and after initiating pergolide therapy. Intellectual and behavioral changes were also monitored clinically for up to 2 years. There was no decline in performance on the neuropsychological tests. Six patients had transient psychiatric or intellectual changes that were controlled by reducing drug dosage. These changes were similar to those seen with other dopamine agonists.
Abstract 40: Score Based on Immunoglobulin G N-glycans for Cardiovascular Risk Prediction: Secondary Analysis of Two Randomized Trials of Primary and Secondary Prevention (2023)

Introduction: Immunoglobulin G (IgG) are post-translationally modified proteins with the addition of complex carbohydrate molecules (glycans). These glycans can modulate IgG inflammatory capacity and determine the transition from healthy to diseased tissue. Hypothesis: A glycan score based on certain IgG glycosylation patterns is associated with CVD risk and can improve model prediction. Methods: IgG glycosylation profiles were measured on baseline plasma samples from nested CVD case-control participants from 2 studies: JUPITER (NCT00239681; Npairs=162; discovery) and the TNT (NCT00327691; Npairs=367, validation). Lasso regression was used to select IgG glycan peaks (GPs). The linear combination of selected IgG-GPs that significantly associated with CVD in a mutually adjusted conditional regression comprised the glycan score (IgG GS ). CVD prediction using IgG GS was investigated controlling for clinical risk factors. Using a parametric approach, we calculated the area under the curve (AUC) with and without IgG GS . Results: From 24 IgG-GPs, Lasso selected 4 IgG-GPs that were also associated with incident CVD (P&lt;.05) in a mutually adjusted conditional logistic regression. These 4 IgG-GPs (9, 12, 19, 20) composed the IgG glycan score (IgG GS ; Fig1A), which was significantly associated with incident CVD in JUPITER after adjusting for clinical risk factors (model 2 hazard ratio [HR]: 2.1, 95% CI 1.55 - 2.84), with significant validation in TNT (HR = 1.2, 95% CI 1.03 - 1.4; Fig. 1B). The AUC was higher for the model with IgG GS (0.74, 95%CI = 0.69 - 0.81) than without (0.69, 95%CI = 0.67 - 0.71) in JUPITER; replicating in TNT: 0.72 [0.71 - 0.83] vs 0.64, [0.62 - 0.65]. The P-value for the likelihood ratio test comparing models with and without IgG GS was 5.9x10 -8 in JUPITER and .02 in TNT. Conclusions: An IgG glycan score with 4 IgG N-glycans was positively associated with incident CVD in the JUPITER primary prevention population, which replicated in TNT, a secondary prevention cohort, and improved model prediction performance.
Venlafaxine-induced painful ejaculation (2000)

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Cysteine: Depolarization‐Induced Release from Rat Brain In Vitro (1989)

Compounds released on depolarization in a Ca2+-dependent manner from rat brain slices were screened to identify candidates for neuroactive substances. Lyophilized superfusates were analyzed by reversed-phase HPLC after derivatization with 9-fluorenyl N-succinimidyl carbonate. One of the compounds that showed an increase of concentration in superfusates in the presence of iodoacetamide was identified as the cysteine (Cys) derivative, S-carboxamidomethylcysteine, by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry and other methods. This stable Cys derivative originates from endogenous, extracellular Cys. The finding led to a method for quantification of Cys in superfusates by immediate cooling of the superfusates to 0 degrees C and reaction of Cys with N-ethylmaleimide. Depolarization-induced Ca2+-dependent release of Cys was most prominent in the neocortex, followed by the mesodiencephalon, striatum, and cerebellum. This suggests that Cys is released from a neuronal compartment and might be involved in neurotransmission.
Prevention of corrosion of silver reflectors for the National Ignition Facility (1999)

A durable protected silver coating was designed and fabricated for possible use on flashlamp reflectors in the National Ignition Facility (NIF) to avoid tarnishing under corrosive conditions and intense visible light (10 J/cm{sup 2}, 360 {micro}s). This coating provides a valuable alternative for mirror coatings where high reflectance and durability are important requirements. This paper describes a protected silver coating having high reflectance from 400 mn to 10,000 mu. The specular reflectance is between 95% and 98% in the visible region and 98% or better in the infrared region.
Saliency for image description and retrieval (2006)

We live in a world where we are surrounded by ever increasing numbers of images. More often than not, these images have very little metadata by which they can be indexed and searched. In order to avoid information overload, techniques need to be developed to enable these image collections to be searched by their content. Much of the previous work on image retrieval has used global features such as colour and texture to describe the content of the image. However, these global features are insufficient to accurately describe the image content when different parts of the image have different characteristics. This thesis initially discusses how this problem can be circumvented by using salient interest regions to select the areas of the image that are most interesting and generate local descriptors to describe the image characteristics in that region. The thesis discusses a number of different saliency detectors that are suitable for robust retrieval purposes and performs a comparison between a number of these region detectors. The thesis then discusses how salient regions can be used for image retrieval using a number of techniques, but most importantly, two techniques inspired from the field of textual information retrieval. Using these robust retrieval techniques, a new paradigm in image retrieval is discussed, whereby the retrieval takes place on a mobile device using a query image captured by a built-in camera. This paradigm is demonstrated in the context of an art gallery, in which the device can be used to find more information about particular images. The final chapter of the thesis discusses some approaches to bridging the semantic gap in image retrieval. The chapter explores ways in which un-annotated image collections can be searched by keyword. Two techniques are discussed; the first explicitly attempts to automatically annotate the un-annotated images so that the automatically applied annotations can be used for searching. The second approach does not try to explicitly annotate images, but rather, through the use of linear algebra, it attempts to create a semantic space in which images and keywords are positioned such that images are close to the keywords that represent them within the space.