gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduction in Hematocrit and Hemoglobin Following Pioglitazone Treatment is not Hemodilutional in Type II Diabetes Mellitus (2007)

Peripheral edema, mild weight gain, and anemia are often observed in type II diabetic patients treated with thiazolidinediones (TZDs). Small decreases in hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) appear to be a class effect of TZDs and are generally attributed to fluid retention, although experimental data are lacking. We analyzed 50 patients with type II diabetes mellitus undergoing either placebo or pioglitazone (PIO, 45 mg/day) for 16 weeks. Before and after therapy, we measured Hb/Hct and used (3)H(2)O and bioimpedance to quantitate total body water (TBW), extracellular water, and fat-free mass. The majority (89%) of the increment in body weight was accounted for by increased body fat. Hb and Hct fell significantly in the PIO group (-0.9+/-0.2 g/dl, -2.4+/-0.5%, both P<0.0001), without change in TBW. A decline in white blood cell (-0.8+/-0.1 x 10(3)/mm(3), P<0.0001) and platelet (-15+/-6 x 10(3)/mm(3), P<0.02) counts was seen after PIO. In conclusion, the small decreases in Hb/Hct observed after 16 weeks of PIO treatment cannot be explained by an increase in TBW. Other causes, such a mild marrow suppressive effect, should be explored.
New Strategies for Defect Passivation in High‐Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells (2019)

Abstract Lead halide perovskite solar cells now show excellent efficiencies and encouraging levels of stability. Further improvements in performance require better control of the trap states which are considered to be associated with vacancies and defects at crystallite surfaces. Herein, a reflection on the ways in which these traps can be mitigated is presented by improving the quality of the perovskite layer and interfaces in fully assembled device configurations. In this review, the most recent design strategies reported in the literature, which have been explored to tune grain orientation, to passivate defects, and to improve charge‐carrier lifetimes, are presented. Specifically, the advances made with single‐cation, mixed‐cation and/or mixed‐halide, and 3D/2D bilayer‐based light absorbers are discussed. The interfacial, compositional, and band alignment engineering along with their consequent effects on the open‐circuit voltage, power conversion efficiency, and stability are a particular focus.
Long-term follow-up of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in patients with Parkinson’s disease: an analysis of survival and disability milestones (2023)

Abstract Background Data on the long-term survival and incidence of disability milestones after subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is limited. Objectives To estimate mortality among PD patients 8 years after STN-DBS and to quantify the frequency /time-to-development of disability milestones (falls, freezing, hallucinations, dementia, and institutionalization). Methods A longitudinal retrospective study of patients submitted to STN-DBS between 2006-2012 was carried-out. For mortality, Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed. For disease milestones, competing risk analyses were performed and cumulative incidence functions calculated. Multivariable regression analysis in the presence of competing risks was performed based on the Gray’s test of sub-distribution hazards of cumulative incidence functions. Results An overall mortality rate of 16% (mean 62.1 ± 21.3 months after surgery) was observed. Falls (73%) and freezing (47%) were both the earliest (40.4 ± 25.4 and 39.6 ± 28.4 months, respectively) and most frequently observed milestones. Dementia (34%) and hallucinations (32%) soon follow (56.2 ± 21.2 and mean 60.0 ± 20.7 months after surgery, respectively). Institutionalization occurred in 6% after 62.3 ± 22.0 months. Higher ADL scores in the OFF state and higher age at surgery were associated with falls, freezing, dementia and institutionalization. Conclusions Long-term mortality rate is low after STN-DBS, with STN-DBS patients developing the same disability milestones as non-DBS patients. Motor milestones occur first and at a higher frequency than cognitive ones. Milestones cluster together before death.
Human amniotic stem cells improve hepatic microvascular dysfunction and portal hypertension in cirrhotic rats (2020)

This preclinical study shows that infusion of human amniotic stem cells effectively decreases PP by ameliorating liver microcirculation, suggesting that it may represent a new treatment option for advanced cirrhosis with portal hypertension.
Adult phenotype in Costello syndrome (Am J Med Genet 136A: 128–135, 2005) (2005)

DOI 10.1002/ajmg.a.30747 In the Results and Discussion section, the first paragraph read “Clinical findings on patients are summarized in Table I. Patients 4, 10, and 16 have been previously reported [Costello, 1971, 1977, 1996; Feingold, 1999; Gripp et al., 2000].” The second sentence should have read: “Patients 3, 10, and 16 have been previously reported [Costello, 1971, 1977, 1996; Feingold, 1999; Gripp et al., 2000].” The authors regret the error.
Imagining risk, care and security (2007)

This article envisions insurance through the ways in which it comes to inhabit the dailiness of people's lives. Insurance is usually constituted as a technology of risk. Rather than holding risk and insurance to the bare provisions of finance and financial forms, this article tangles with the affective attachments that grow out of insurance technologies. It investigates the place of these attachments (insurance fantasies) and the intimacies that effloresce from these attachments.
Preventing Mud Losses by Wellbore Strengthening (2006)

Abstract Until recently, the drilling industry had an established range of options for dealing with lost circulation that included pre-treatment with lost circulation material (LCM) and/or remediation with LCM when losses occurred. This paper describes a fully engineered approach taken by BP and Halliburton to formulate a drilling fluid that can effectively strengthen the weak wellbore while drilling. The approach, called Stress Cage theory, is an extension of a lost circulation strategy that has been used for years in the drilling industry. However, it includes using log analysis to identify potential fracture location and determine its geometry, especially its width, and then identify a mixture of particulate materials to seal the calculated fracture width. The application of the appropriate mixture of materials can effectively increase fracture gradient (both in land and offshore), allowing the operator to drill through a weak formation pressured zone successfully with minimal to zero downhole losses. Case histories including drilling parameters, formation pressures, field and laboratory fluids testing, and some of the operational challenges are detailed. The estimated value of Stress Cage applications for BP in 2004 and 2005 has been calculated at $100MM.
Effect of surface condition and bonding pressure on quality of diffusion bonded high purity copper for linear collider accelerator structures (2001)

Tests have been carried out to assess the feasibility of diffusion bonding as a fabrication technology for vacuum tight joints in linear accelerator cells for the Next Linear Collider. High purity copper specimens were diffusion bonded over a range of temperatures from 400 to 1000°C, under high (3.45 MPa) and low (3.45 kPa) bonding pressures, and at two different diamond machined surface finishes. Experiments showed that diffusion bonds with strengths equal to, or greater than, that of silver brazed joints could be made at temperatures ≥700°C at the 3.45 MPa bonding pressure, or ≥800°C at the 3.45 kPa bonding pressure. Partial strength diffusion bonds were made at temperatures as low as 400°C at the high bonding pressure, whereas no bonding (zero strength) was observed at temperatures below 700°C at the low bonding pressure. Observations of the fracture surfaces of the diffusion bonded specimens showed that bonding begins by point asperity contact. At low bonding pressures, surfaces created by diamond turning of annealed copper specimens produce higher strength bonds than those created by diamond flycutting of unannealed surfaces, whereas at higher bonding pressures the effect of surface finish was less important.
PTX3 Modulates Neovascularization and Immune Inflammatory Infiltrate in a Murine Model of Fibrosarcoma (2019)

Fibrosarcoma is an aggressive subtype of soft tissue sarcoma categorized in infantile/congenital-type and adult-type. Fibrosarcoma cells and its surrounding immune inflammatory infiltrates overexpress or induce the expression of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) that have a crucial role in tumor progression and angiogenesis. The inflammation-associated long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) was found to reduce FGF-2-mediated angiogenesis, but its role on fibrosarcoma immune inflammatory infiltrate is still unknown. In this study, we have evaluated the PTX3 activity on immune infiltrating mast cells, macrophages and T-lymphocytes by immunohistochemistry on murine MC-TGS17-51 fibrosarcoma cells and on transgenic TgN(Tie2-hPTX3) mouse. In these fibrosarcoma models we found a reduced neovascularization and a significant decrease of inflammatory infiltrate. Indeed, we show that PTX3 reduces the level of complement 3 (C3) deposition reducing fibrosarcoma progression. In conclusion, we hypothesize that targeting fibrosarcoma microenvironment by FGF/FGFR inhibitors may improve treatment outcome.
Smart pixels for real-time optical coherence tomography (2004)

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an optical imaging technique allowing the acquisition of three-dimensional images with micrometer resolution. It is very well suited to cross-sectional imaging of highly scattering materials, such as most biomedical tissues. A novel custom image sensor based on smart pixels dedicated to parallel OCT (pOCT) is presented. Massively parallel detection and signal processing enables a significant increase in the 3D frame rate and a reduction of the mechanical complexity of the complete setup compared to conventional point-scanning OCT. This renders the parallel OCT technique particularly advantageous for high-speed applications in industrial and biomedical domains while also reducing overall system costs. The sensor architecture presented in this article overcomes the main challenges for OCT using parallel detection such as data rate, power consumption, circuit size, and optical sensitivity. Each pixel of the pOCT sensor contains a low-power signal demodulation circuit allowing the simultaneous detection of the envelope and the phase information of the optical interferometry signal. An automatic photocurrent offset-compensation circuit, a synchronous sampling stage, programmable time averaging, and random pixel accessing are also incorporated at the pixel level. The low-power demodulation principle chosen as well as alternative implementations are discussed. The characterization results of the sensor exhibit a sensitivity of at least 74 dB, which is within 4 dB of the theoretical limit of a shot-noise limited OCT system. Real-time high-resolution three-dimensional tomographic imaging is demonstrated along with corresponding performance measurements.
Elementary principles of chemical processes (1978)

ENGINEERING PROBLEM ANALYSIS. What Some Chemical Engineers Do for a Living. Introduction to Engineering Calculations. Processes and Process Variables. MATERIAL BALANCES. Fundamentals of Material Balances. Single-Phase Systems. Multiphase Systems. ENERGY BALANCES. Energy and Energy Balances. Balances on Nonreactive Processes. Balances on Reactive Processes. Computer-Aided Balance Calculations. Balances on Transient Processes. CASE STUDIES. Production of Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride. Steam Reforming of Natural Gas and Subsequent Synthesis of Methanol. Scrubbing of Sulfur Dioxide from Power Plant Stack Gases. Appendices. Answers to Test Yourselves. Answers to Selected Problems. Index.
Borehole testing of a micromachined silicon accelerometer (1999)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1999Borehole testing of a micromachined silicon accelerometerAuthors: James N. AlbrightJeffery C. GannonThomas D. FairbanksJames T. RutledgeJames N. AlbrightEES‐4, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Jeffery C. GannonInput/Output, Inc., Thomas D. FairbanksNambe Geophysical, Inc., and James T. RutledgeNambe Geophysical, Inc.https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820987 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820987FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited bySelected U. S. Department of Energy EOR Technology Applications17 April 2004Selected U.S. Department of Energy's EOR Technology Applications20 October 2003 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1999ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1999 Pages: 2061 publication data© 1999 Copyright © 1999 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 04 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION James N. Albright, Jeffery C. Gannon, Thomas D. Fairbanks, and James T. Rutledge, (1999), "Borehole testing of a micromachined silicon accelerometer," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 232-234. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820987 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Outstanding Radiation Resistance of Tungsten-based High Entropy Alloys (2018)

A novel W-based refractory high entropy alloy with outstanding radiation resistance has been developed. The alloy was grown as thin films showing a bimodal grain size distribution in the nanocrystalline and ultrafine regimes and a unique 4 nm lamella-like structure revealed by atom probe tomography (APT). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction show an underlying body-centered cubic crystalline structure with certain black spots appearing after thermal annealing at elevated temperatures. Thorough analysis based on TEM and APT correlated the black spots with second phase particles rich in Cr and V. After both in situ and ex situ irradiation, these precipitates evolve to quasi-spherical particles with no sign of irradiation-created dislocation loops even after 8 dpa at either room temperature or 1073 K. Furthermore, nanomechanical testing shows a large hardness of 14 GPa in the as-deposited samples, with a slight increase after thermal annealing and almost negligible irradiation hardening. Theoretical modeling based on ab initio methodologies combined with Monte Carlo techniques predicts the formation of Cr and V rich second phase particles and points at equal mobilities of point defects as the origin of the exceptional radiation tolerance. The fact that these alloys are suitable for bulk production coupled with the exceptional radiation and mechanical properties makes them ideal structural materials for applications requiring extreme conditions.
The Bradford Method for Protein Quantitation (2003)

A rapid and accurate method for the estimation of protein concentration is essential in many fields of protein study. An assay originally described by Bradford (1) has become the preferred method for quantifying protein in many laboratories. This technique is simpler, faster, and more sensitive than the Lowry method. Moreover, when compared with the Lowry method, it is subject to less interference by common reagents and nonprotein components of biological samples (see Note 1).
Three-center (bifurcated) hydrogen bonding in the crystal structures of amino acids (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThree-center (bifurcated) hydrogen bonding in the crystal structures of amino acidsG. A. Jeffrey and J. MitraCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 19, 5546–5553Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00331a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00331a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views325Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Towards Restoring Coagulation in Hemophilia By Antibody-Mediated Inhibition of Antithrombin (2015)

Abstract Currently hemophilia A is mainly treated with factor VIII (FVIII). However, 20-25% of the hemophiliacs develop inhibiting antibodies (inhibitors) against FVIII. Hemophiliacs with inhibitors are treated with high dose FVIII or with therapies that bypass the need for FVIII such as activated FVII (rFVIIa, NovoSeven) or activated prothrombin concentrate. These have some disadvantages including rapid clearance, price and a risk of thrombo-embolism. In hemophilia, the balance between coagulation and anticoagulation is shifted towards the latter. This balance can be restored by administration of clotting factors but also by reducing anticoagulation mechanisms. Antithrombin (AT) constitutes a main anticoagulant mechanism as it inhibits thrombin, FXa and other activated clotting factors. In silico studies as well as observations that AT deficiency reduces bleeding in hemophilic mice and humans strongly support the concept that lowering functional AT levels bypasses the need for FVIII to generate thrombin. A Phase 1 clinical trial by Alnylam Pharmaceuticals showed that lowering AT activity by RNA-interference can boost thrombin generation in hemophilia. However, RNA-interference is an experimental therapy with unknown long term effects and is not suitable for acute treatment of bleeding as it takes weeks to become effective. We hypothesize that monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that block AT activity can be used as FVIII bypass therapy. Such a mAb-based therapy is suitable for on demand and for prophylactic therapy, is relatively cheap and does not require administration of activated clotting factors. We have generated a panel of mouse anti-AT mAbs exhibiting varying binding characteristics to human AT. To assess the inhibitory activity of anti-AT mAbs, FXa activity assay was performed after FXa was incubated with normal plasma supplemented with the different anti-AT mAbs. Five anti-AT mAbs were identified that inhibit AT activity at around equimolar ratio. Inhibitory anti-AT mAbs were able to dose-dependently enhance thrombin generation in normal and hemophilic plasma. Heparin caused a marked prolongation of aPTT of normal and FVIII-deficient plasma, which was almost completely normalized by addition of the inhibitory mAb anti-AT 5G1.1, but not by anti-AT 6E7.2, indicating that these mAbs exert their inhibitory activity via different mechanisms. These data provide initial in vitro proof-of-concept that inhibitory anti-AT mAbs can be used to improve coagulation and may be used as FVIII bypass therapy. Disclosures Boross: Prothix B.V.: Employment. Hack:Prothix B.V.: Equity Ownership, Patents &amp; Royalties.
Pediatric Cervical Spine Clearance (2019)

Herman, Martin J. MD; Brown, Kristin O. MS; Sponseller, Paul D. MD; Phillips, Jonathan H. MD; Petrucelli, Philip M. MD; Parikh, Darshan J. BS; Mody, Kush S. BS; Leonard, Julie C. MD, MPH; Moront, Matthew MD; Brockmeyer, Douglas L. MD; Anderson, Richard C.E. MD; Alder, Adam C. MD; Anderson, John T. MD; Bernstein, Robert M. MD; Booth, Timothy N. MD; Braga, Bruno P. MD; Cahill, Patrick J. MD; Joglar, Jeanne M. MD; Martus, Jeffrey E. MD, MS; Nesiama, Jo-Ann O. MD; Pahys, Joshua M. MD; Rathjen, Karl E. MD; Riccio, Anthony I. MD; Schulz, Jacob F. MD; Stans, Anthony A. MD; Shah, Manish I. MD, MS; Warner, William C. Jr. MD; Yaszay, Burt MD Author Information
Integration of Augmented Reality into the CAD Process (2020)

Abstract 120th ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition Atlanta, Georgia, USA, June 23-26, 2013 Integration of Augmented Reality (AR) into the CAD ProcessAbstractThe enhancement of visualization skills of engineering students is essential for their developmentof design skills in many fields of engineering. Based on studies of visualization skills of enteringfirst year engineering students, some of them have difficulties in dealing with orthographicapplications (projections, orthographic to isometric transformations, etc.). They seem to lacksufficient geometric and/or trigonometric relational skills, which are essential when modelingeven simple geometric objects. Augmented Reality (AR) technology could provide a solution tothis problem. The potential benefits of AR are improvements in the students’ abilities withrespect to spatial cognition, concept development, decision making as well as designmodifications and refinements due to the support for viewing and ‘touching’ the design.This paper will explore the integration of AR into the Computer Aided Design (CAD) processwith SolidWorks software in order to provide an interactive learning experience, in whichabstract thinking is supported and concept visualization, exploration and evaluation arefacilitated during the various stages of the design process. Such an AR system will permit thestudents to visualize virtual representations of their 3D CAD models in real-world settings bymixing the 3D CAD model with a webcam view of the students and facilitating real-timeinteractions between the students and the designed objects.
Assessment of H-β zeolite as an ochratoxin binder for poultry (2019)

Most of the cereal-based ingredients used in poultry feed are contaminated with ochratoxin-A (OTA). We have investigated H-β zeolite (HBZ) as a new OTA binder for poultry, along with widely used clay mineral-based product (CM), using in vitro and in vivo methods. In vitro binding experiment was carried out using a biphasic assay, consisting of adsorption at pH 3.2 and desorption at pH 6.8. High adsorption (>98%) with less desorption (<5%) was observed for HBZ, whereas CM showed high binding (>98%) and moderate desorption (48%). In the in vitro experiments with the different simulated gastro-intestinal pH buffers, HBZ did not desorb OTA at any of the pH. Desorption of OTA was observed with CM, as the pH increases. From the in vitro kinetic and chemisorption studies, faster, stronger, and higher adsorption was observed for HBZ. Thermodynamic studies showed positive entropy (22.76 KJ/mol K) for HBZ, signifying predominant hydrophobic interactions towards OTA, whereas CM exhibited negative entropy (-3.67 KJ/mol K). The in vivo binding efficacy of HBZ and CM was tested in 5-wk-old broiler chickens. The study consisted of 4 experimental groups, each with 6 replicates having 2 birds per replicate. The groups were control, negative control (no toxin binder), T1 (HBZ at 1 kg/ton of feed), and T2(CM at 1 kg/ton of feed). Except control, all the replicates received 20 µg of OTA in the feed. Excreta samples of T1, T2, and NC contained 11.57, 7.16, and 2.78 µg of OTA respectively, which was significantly different from each other (P < 0.05). A growth performance trial was conducted in broiler chickens for 35 D. A total of 288 one-day-old birds were randomly segregated to 3 treatment groups, each with 8 replicates of 12 birds each. Treatment groups consisted of control, T1, and T2, treated with no toxin binder, HBZ, and CM at 1 kg/ton of feed, respectively. None of the treatment groups including control, affected BW gain, and feed conversion ratio (P > 0.05).