gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neural Representations for Sensory-Motor Control, III: Learning a Body-Centered Representation of 3-D Target Position (1993)

A neural model is described of how the brain may autonomously learn a body-centered representation of 3-D target position by combining information about retinal target position, eye position, and head position in real time. Such a body-centered spatial representation enables accurate movement commands to the limbs to be generated despite changes in the spatial relationships between the eyes, head, body, and limbs through time. The model learns a vector representation--otherwise known as a parcellated distributed representation--of target vergence with respect to the two eyes, and of the horizontal and vertical spherical angles of the target with respect to a cyclopean egocenter. Such a vergence-spherical representation has been reported in the caudal midbrain and medulla of the frog, as well as in psychophysical movement studies in humans. A head-centered vergence-spherical representation of foveated target position can be generated by two stages of opponent processing that combine corollary discharges of outflow movement signals to the two eyes. Sums and differences of opponent signals define angular and vergence coordinates, respectively. The head-centered representation interacts with a binocular visual representation of non-foveated target position to learn a visuomotor representation of both foveated and non-foveated target position that is capable of commanding yoked eye movementes. This head-centered vector representation also interacts with representations of neck movement commands to learn a body-centered estimate of target position that is capable of commanding coordinated arm movements. Learning occurs during head movements made while gaze remains fixed on a foveated target. An initial estimate is stored and a VOR-mediated gating signal prevents the stored estimate from being reset during a gaze-maintaining head movement. As the head moves, new estimates arc compared with the stored estimate to compute difference vectors which act as error signals that drive the learning process, as well as control the on-line merging of multimodal information.
Design and optimization of edge computing distributed neural processor for biomedical rehabilitation with sensor fusion (2018)

Modern biomedical devices use sensor fusion techniques to improve the classification accuracy of motion intent of users for rehabilitation application. The design of motion classifier observes significant challenges due to the large number of channels and stringent communication latency requirement. This paper proposes an edge-computing distributed neural processor to effectively reduce the data traffic and physical wiring congestion. A special local and global networking architecture is introduced to significantly reduce traffic among multi-chips in edge computing. To optimize the design space of the features selected, a systematic design methodology is proposed. A novel mixed-signal feature extraction approach with assistance of neural network distortion recovery is also provided to significantly reduce the silicon area. A 12-channel 55nm CMOS test chip was implemented to demonstrate the proposed systematic design methodology. The measurement shows the test chip consumes only 20uW power, more than 10,000X less power than the current clinically used microprocessor and can perform edge-computing networking operation within 5ms time.
School-Age Consequences of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Meningitis (1993)

Divided 126 school-age children who had been treated earlier in life for Haemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib) meningitis into subgroups with and without neurologic complications, and compared these groups to each other and to sibling controls. Outcomes assessed included neuropsychological abilities, behavioral adjustment, school performance, and adaptive behavior. Analyses revealed that outcomes were less favorable for the postmeningitis (PM) children with complications than for either PM children without complications or siblings. Differences were apparent in neuropsychological testing, teacher ratings of behavior, and a measure of adaptive behavior. PM children without complications were indistinguishable from siblings. Although analyses failed to show variation between groups as a function of sex or age at testing, differences on one verbal measure were found only at lower socioeconomic levels. Findings clarify the school-age consequences of Hib meningitis and document the need to consider disease and social variables in evaluating the impact of early neurologic disease on development.
Infliximab in patients with primary Sj�gren's syndrome: A pilot study (2001)

In patients with active primary SS, a loading-dose regimen of 3 infusions of infliximab provided a fast and significant clinical benefit without major adverse reactions. It was possible to maintain statistically significant improvement for up to 8 weeks after the third infusion.
A population dynamics approach to the estimation of production of four calanoid copepods in Lindaspollene, western Norway (1988)

Estimates were made of copepod production, based on estimates of recruitment, mortality. development times and individual weight data, and the methodological approach given earlier by Sonntag & Parslow is further developed. In addition to estimates of cohort production, the present approach includes estimation of daily production in depth and time. The estimation method is applied to abundance data of the copepodids of Pseudocalanus elongatus, Paracalanus parvus, Temora longicornis and Centropages hamatus obtained in LindAspollene in 1981. Production during June was estimated as 446, 252, 231 and 63 mg ash-free dry weight m-' respectively. Production of P. parvus and C. hamatus was primarily concentrated in the upper 5 m, while that of T. longicornis and P. elongatus was located below 5 m depth. The cohort P/B ratios were estimated in the range 2.5 to 6.8. The daily P/B ratios (including data for Calanus finmarchicus) were strongly dependent on the stage of development within the populations, but did not seem to differ much between species.
Development of Nb/sub 3/Ge conductors for power transmission applications. Final report (1976)

The discovery of niobium germanium (Nb/sub 3/Ge) as exhibiting the highest known transition temperature to the superconducting state has raised the possibility that this material may also provide conductor characteristics for electric power transmission cables superior to other known superconductors. This report describes successful attempts at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory to produce coatings of Nb/sub 3/Ge as thick as 70..mu..m, deposited on Nb tubes 0.64 cm in diameter and 23 cm long, exhibiting losses of 12.7 ..mu..m/cm/sup 2/ at 12 k, 50 Hz, and 500 rms A/cm, and carrying a current density of 4,200,000 A/cm/sup 2/. Details of producing the samples by the chemical vapor deposition method are described; the effects of variation of process parameters to optimize the superconducting properties of the material are given along with descriptions of diagnostic techniques used to characterize and correlate these properties. Initial attempts to produce longer lengths of conductor are also described. The theory and experimental methods used for measuring ac losses are presented, followed by the experimental results on Nb/sub 3/Ge samples produced at LASL; the loss data are provided for samples in the as-deposited state and for these after various surface treatments; variables in these measurements include induced surfacemore » currents up to 2000 rms A/cm, dc bias fields up to 4000 Oe, and temperatures between 4 and 16 K. The primary conclusion of the first phase of this work is that Nb/sub 3/Ge possesses the best superconducting properties - high current density and low ac losses - yet available for application in ac power transmission cables operating at 12 K or above, and further, that if long lengths of conductor could be produced with the properties found here in short samples, these would be completely acceptable for that cable application.« less
Distribution bias and biochemical characterization of TOP1MT single nucleotide variants (2017)

Mitochondrial topoisomerase I (TOP1MT) is a type IB topoisomerase encoded in the nucleus of vertebrate cells. In contrast to the other five human topoisomerases, TOP1MT possesses two high frequency single nucleotide variants (SNVs), rs11544484 (V256I, Minor Allele Frequency = 0.27) and rs2293925 (R525W, MAF = 0.45), which tend to be mutually exclusive across different human ethnic groups and even more clearly in a cohort of 129 US patients with breast cancer and in the NCI-60 cancer cell lines. We expressed these two TOP1MT variants and the double-variant (V256I-R525W) as recombinant proteins, as well as a less common variant E168G (rs200673353, MAF = 0.001), and studied their biochemical properties by magnetic tweezers-based supercoil relaxation and classical DNA relaxation assays. Variants showed reduced DNA relaxation activities, especially the V256I variant towards positively supercoiled DNA. We also found that the V256I variant was enriched to MAF = 0.64 in NCI-60 lung carcinoma cell lines, whereas the TOP1MT R525W was enriched to MAF = 0.65 in the NCI-60 melanoma cell lines. Moreover, TOP1MT expression correlated with the 256 variants in the NCI-60 lung carcinoma cell lines, valine with high expression and isoleucine with low expression. Our results are discussed in the context of evolution between the nuclear and mitochondrial topoisomerases and potential cancer predisposition.
The N terminus of the Cardiac L-type Ca2+ Channel α1C Subunit (1999)

The first 46 amino acids (aa) of the N terminus of the rabbit heart (RH) L-type cardiac Ca(2+) channel alpha(1C) subunit are crucial for the stimulating action of protein kinase C (PKC) and also hinder channel gating (Shistik, E., Ivanina, T., Blumenstein, Y., and Dascal, N. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 17901-17909). The mechanism of PKC action and the location of the PKC target site are not known. Moreover, uncertainties in the genomic sequence of the N-terminal region of alpha(1C) leave open the question of the presence of RH-type N terminus in L-type channels in mammalian tissues. Here, we demonstrate the presence of alpha(1C) protein containing an RH-type initial N-terminal segment in rat heart and brain by using a newly prepared polyclonal antibody. Using deletion mutants of alpha(1C) expressed in Xenopus oocytes, we further narrowed down the part of the N terminus crucial for both inhibitory gating and for PKC effect to the first 20 amino acid residues, and we identify the first 5 aa as an important determinant of PKC action and of N-terminal effect on gating. The absence of serines and threonines in the first 5 aa and the absence of phosphorylation by PKC of a glutathione S-transferase-fusion protein containing the initial segment suggest that the effect of PKC does not arise through a direct phosphorylation of this segment. We propose that PKC acts by attenuating the inhibitory action of the N terminus via phosphorylation of a remote site, in the channel or in an auxiliary protein, that interacts with the initial segment of the N terminus.
DNA repair systems in rhabdomyosarcoma. (2013)

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) represents the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children and adolescent population. There are two major histological subtypes, embryonal (ERMS) and alveolar (ARMS), differing in cytogenetic and morphological features. RMS pathogenesis remains controversial and several cellular mechanisms and pathways have been implicated. Application of intense chemo- and radio-therapy improves survival rates for RMS patients, but significant efficacy has not been proved as DNA damage induced-resistance frequently occurs. The present review is aimed at summarizing the current evidence on DNA repair systems, implications in RMS development, focusing on gene expression alterations and point mutations of genes encoding for DNA repair enzymes. Understanding of DNA repair systems involvement in RMS pathogenesis could diversify RMS patients and provide novel individualized therapeutic targets.
Autonomous Parking of a Model Car with Trajectory Tracking Motion Control using ANFIS (2009)

In this study an ANFIS-based trajectory tracking motion control algorithm is proposed for autonomous garage and parallel parking of a model car. The ANFIS controller is trained off-line using data set which obtained by Mandani fuzzy inference system and thereby the processing time decreases almost in half. The controller with a steering delay compensator is tuned through simulations performed under MATLAB/Simulink environment. Experiments are carried out with the model car for garage and parallel parking. The experimental results show that the trajectory tracking performance is satisfactory under various initial and road conditions
The Total Synthesis of the (±)-Furopelargones (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Total Synthesis of the (±)-FuropelargonesG. Büchi and H. WüestCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 7, 1589–1593Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01085a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01085a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views322Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of an inhaled mast cell stabiliser, N‐acetyl‐aspartyl‐glutamate (Zy15109) on allergen‐induced immediate bronchoconstriction. (1989)

We have studied the effect of a mast cell stabiliser, the magnesium salt of N-acetyl aspartyl glutamic acid (NAAGA) on allergen-induced immediate bronchoconstriction in 12 atopic subjects. Inhaled NAAGA, at a dose of 60 mg thrice daily for 1 week, offered no protective effect on the airways against allergen challenge when compared with a matched placebo. The drug was well tolerated with no adverse effects observed.
Surface-initiated ATRP from polydopamine-modified TiO2 nanoparticles (2018)

A robust approach for modification of TiO2 nanoparticles with polymer brushes by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is presented. TiO2 surface was first coated with polydopamine (PDA) followed by immobilization of an ATRP initiator, α-bromoisobutyryl bromide (BiBB). Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA) were then grafted from the PDA-modified TiO2 of different size (25 and 300 nm) in DMF at room temperature via supplemental activator reducing agent (SARA) ATRP using only 100 ppm of the copper catalyst. Hybrid core-shell particles with high organic contents (40–88 wt%) and grafting densities (0.16–0.25 nm−2) were obtained. Reaction conducted in the presence of sacrificial initiator confirmed excellent control over the polymerization and produced PMMA and PBA with narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn < 1.25). Obtained particles were tested as lubricating additives in pipe dope compositions. Addition of polymer-grafted TiO2 to the base grease resulted in a reduced coefficient of friction (COF) and wear over uncoated TiO2 as revealed by reciprocating pin-on-disc tests. The model pipe dopes with PMMA-grafted particles were found to perform on par with commercial American Petroleum Institute (API) dope.
Spatially resolved Brillouin spectroscopy to determine the rheological properties of the eye lens (2011)

Presbyopia is closely associated with the loss of accommodation, and hence with a decline in the viscoelastic properties of the human eye lens. In this article we describe a method for obtaining spatially resolved in vivo measurements of the rheological properties of the eye lens, based on the spectroscopic analysis of spontaneous Brillouin scattering using a virtually imaged phased array (VIPA). The multi-pass configuration enhances resolution to the extent that measurements are possible in elastic biological tissue characterized by intense scattering. We also present spatially resolved measurements obtained in extracted animal eyes and lenses. The results yield entirely new insights into the aging process of the eye lens.
671. Potent Anti-Tumor Effects of ApDCs (Aptamer Drug Conjugates) for Targeted Therapeutics in Pancreatic Cancer (2016)

Aptamer Drug Conjugates (ApDCs) are a potential class of targeting therapeutics to improve therapeutic index over traditional chemotherapy. As most existing chemotherapies are absorbed into cells non-specifically through lipophilic interaction, to improve the therapeutic index, the drugs were attached to pancreatic cancer specific RNA aptamer, P19, as targeting moieties that preferentially delivered the payload to tumor cells. Active metabolites of gemcitabine (dFdCMP) and 5FdU (5FdUMP) were incorporated P19 intrinsically to make conjugates. The conjugates of P19-dFdCMP or P19-5FdUMP kept their structural functionality getting internalized in their target cells, PANC-1. P19-dFdCMP and P19-5FdUMP was incorporated into replicating DNA, resulting in chain termination and stalling of replication forks in nuclear. They induced the phosphorylation of histone H2AX on Ser139 (γ-H2AX), markers of double-strand DNA breaks, and increased the forms of nuclear foci at the sites of DNA damage. In consequence, the cell proliferation was significantly inhibited 51-53% in PANC-1 and 54-34% in gemcitabine resistance AsPC-1. Targeted anti-mitotic therapies have emerged as a new concept of cancer drugs. Chemotoxine, monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) is a very potent antimitotic agent that inhibits cell division by blocking the polymerization of tubulin. However, it can't be used by drug itself because of high toxicity. Herein, toxic molecule, MMAE, was conjugated to P19 for the targeted anti-mitotic therapies. P19-MMAE caused mitotic G2/M phase arrest, consequently inhibited 56% of cell proliferation on dose-dependent manner comparing control. In vivo assay, P19-MMAE induced the tumor regression via tail vein injection. In this study, the drug attached aptamer significantly decreased non-specific uptake of the drug and increase specific uptake of the conjugate in tumor cells. Our approaches suggest guiding cytotoxic drugs into malignant cancer cells specifically without causing significant harm to the normal cells.
Cyclometallated platinum and palladium complexes with N^C^N-coordinating terdentate ligands: synthesis, luminescence and catalytic properties (2007)

A series of cyclometallated platinum and palladium(lI) complexes based on the N'C'N coordinating terdentate ligand 1,3-di(2-pyridyl)benzene, HL1, have shown that cyclometalation at C2 of the central ring affords many advantages to square-planar d8-metal complexes. The cyclometalating bond is notably shorter than that observed in many related cyclometallated complexes, e.g. 6phenyl- 2,2'-bipyridine platinum/palladium(lI) chloride and 2-phenylpyridine derivatives. The luminescent properties of the complexes reported herein have been investigated. All complexes are intensely luminescent, in their own right, with quantum yields of luminescence significantly higher than those reported for :related complexes. In the solid-state and at high concentrations, intermolecular interactions create new emissive species, such as self-quenching accompanied 'by excimeric emission observed in solution, Aem =: 700 nm, and multi-centred excited-states in solid samples, Aem =610-700 nm. Modification of both N'C'N and ancillary ligands is shown to manipulate the electronic properties of the d8 _ . metal complexes. Excited-state emission energies have been tuned from 469 nm (blue), L26ptCI, to 588 nm (red), L16ptCI, in the platinum(lI) complexes, and from 466 nm (blue), L1pdCI, to 530 nm (orange), L16pdCI, in the palladium comp!exes. Incorporation of steric incumberance into the ligands can attenuate the excimer emission compared to L1PtCI. Electron-rich pendant ligands encourage the accessibility of charge-transfer excited-states, which adds to the diversity of the photophysical properties, but when coupled with functional groups can give rise to potential in sensory applications. The high quantum yields and special oxygen sensitivity of the platinum complexes have allowed their incorporation into optoelectronic devices. The palladium complexes are of particular interest owing to the limited attention previously paid to palladium complexes as emissive species, particularly, excimeric behaviour is even rarer. Additionally, the electronic tuning which is manifested in the luminescent properties of these complexes has allowed studies into catalytic behaviour of these complexes, revealing some surprising results relating activity to structure.
ChemInform Abstract: GA Strategy for Variable Selection in QSAR Studies: Application of GA‐Based Region Selection to a 3D‐QSAR Study of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is hyperactivated in systemic sclerosis and induces Smad-dependent fibrotic responses in mesenchymal cells. (2012)

Introduction-Fibrosis in human diseases and animal models is associated with aberrant Wnt/catenin pathway activation. The regulation, activity, mechanism of action and significance of Wnt/ -catenin signaling in the context of systemic sclerosis (SSc) has not been characterized.
Magnetite Biomineralization in Magnetospirillum magneticum Is Regulated by a Switch-like Behavior in the HtrA Protease MamE (2016)

Magnetotactic bacteria are aquatic organisms that produce subcellular magnetic particles in order to orient in the earth's geomagnetic field. MamE, a predicted HtrA protease required to produce magnetite crystals in the magnetotactic bacterium Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1, was recently shown to promote the proteolytic processing of itself and two other biomineralization factors in vivo Here, we have analyzed the in vivo processing patterns of three proteolytic targets and used this information to reconstitute proteolysis with a purified form of MamE. MamE cleaves a custom peptide substrate with positive cooperativity, and its autoproteolysis can be stimulated with exogenous substrates or peptides that bind to either of its PDZ domains. A misregulated form of the protease that circumvents specific genetic requirements for proteolysis causes biomineralization defects, showing that proper regulation of its activity is required during magnetite biosynthesis in vivo Our results represent the first reconstitution of the proteolytic activity of MamE and show that its behavior is consistent with the previously proposed checkpoint model for biomineralization.