gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract C16: Prospective real-time analysis of p-cadherin expression to select patients into a phase I oncology trial (2009)

Abstract Effectively personalizing medicine depends upon selecting patients (pts) amenable to targeted therapies. We report the development of a custom immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay to identify P-cadherin positive expression in the archival biopsy of pts with solid malignancies. Validated reagents including a mAB to P-cadherin were incorporated into a custom IHC kit standardized across three Phase I sites (Seoul National University, Royal Melbourne Hospital, and Fox Chase Cancer Center). Pts with a P-cadherin positive archival biopsy are being enrolled into an ongoing trial. Clinical results will be reported separately. P-cadherin positivity is defined by a scoring index (SI) [product of the Tumor Area Positive for P-cad x Staining Intensity]. Based on the literature, a SI ≥ 4 is associated with poor clinical outcome and was therefore required for pt entry into the trial. The IHC protocol was standardized across sites using positive and negative controls run in a masked fashion at each site and cross-examined and repeated by a central lab that had final decision-making authority (ApoCell, Inc., Houston, TX). Each site ran independent IHC assays and analyses by board-certified pathologists, and provided stained and unstained archival biopsy slides for independent, masked analysis by ApoCell. The turn-around time for central IHC analysis was ≤ 48 h. Forty-four of 67 pts (65.7%) were found to be P-cadherin positive and eligible for entry into the trial. The distribution of enrolled patients by site is as follows: Australia (SI ≥ 4, n = 20), Korea (SI ≥ 4, n = 15), and USA (SI ≥ 4, n = 9). Median and mean SI values for the P-cadherin SI were 6 and 5.3 ± 2.9 (SD), respectively, with a range of 0 – 9. Clinical sites produced a SI equal to ApoCell in 56 of 67 pts (85.6% concordance rate). Among solid malignancies tested, a majority of gastric, colon and rectal cancers have demonstrated P-cadherin SI values ≥ 4. Successful execution of this IHC study demonstrates the feasibility of prospectively selecting pts based on IHC expression of P-cadherin using a custom standardized scoring index analysis across multiple clinical sites. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(12 Suppl):C16.
Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta induced myocardial injury is mitigated by endovascular variable aortic control (2019)

In a swine model of hemorrhagic shock, complete aortic occlusion resulted in cardiac injury, although there was no direct decrease in cardiac function. EVAC mitigated the cardiac injury and improved cardiac performance during resuscitation and critical care.
Tunable photon lifetime in photonic molecules: a concept for delaying an optical signal (2005)

We experimentally and theoretically studied the photon lifetime spectral distribution in two coherently coupled spherical microcavities of 3-16 microm diameter forming a photonic molecule, which shows a multipeak narrowband modal structure resulting from lifting of the mode degeneracy with respect to the azimuthal quantum number. The results demonstrate the feasibility of photonic molecules as a basis for a multichannel, wavelength-tunable optical delay-line device, which can be used for delay times in the range 10 ps to 1 ns.
Characteristics of LPCVD WSi/sub 2//n-Si Schottky contacts (1991)

Detailed current-voltage and capacitance-voltage characteristics of low-pressure chemical vapor deposited (LPCVD) WSi/sub 2//n-Si Schottky contacts are reported in the temperature range of 21 to 170 degrees C. The diode ideality factor n was found to decrease from a value of 1.46 to 1.15 as temperature was increased. Schottky barrier height phi /sub B/, on the other hand, was found to increase from 0.72 to 0.86 V with temperature. These results suggest that diode characteristics are affected by surface and bulk effects, especially at lower temperatures. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses revealed isolated regions of oxynitride at the silicide/silicon interface that are predominantly located where silicide grain boundaries intersect the silicon surface.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Ultrafast Relaxation Dynamics of Au38(SC2H4Ph)24 Nanoclusters and Effects of Structural Isomerism (2016)

Structural isomerism in nanoparticles has recently emerged as a new topic and stimulated research interest because the atomic structures of ultrasmall nanoparticles may have great impact on their fundamental properties and applications. Here we report the correlation between ultrafast relaxation dynamics and atomic structures of two isomers of thiolate-protected Au38(SC2H4Ph)24. The bi-icosahedral Au38 (denoted as Au38Q) with a Au23 inner core in its atomic structure shows rapid decay (1.5 ps) followed by nanosecond relaxation to the ground state, whereas its structural isomer (Au38T) exhibits similar relaxation processes, but the rapid decay is accelerated by ∼50% (1.0 ps). The picosecond relaxations in both cases can be assigned to core–shell charge transfer or electronic rearrangement within the metal core. The acceleration of the fast decay in Au38T is ascribed to its unique core structure, which is made up of a mono-icosahedral Au13 capped by a Au12 tri-tetrahedron by sharing two atoms. Interestingly, coherent phonon emissions (25 cm–1 for Au38Q, 27 and 60 cm–1 for Au38T) are observed in both isomers with pumping in the NIR region. Our results illustrate for the first time the importance of atomic structures in the photophysics of same sized gold nanoclusters.
Model Predictive Control with Cross-Product Term between State and Input (2018)

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is one of control methods for the discrete time system. The optimum input is calculated by using Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR). In MPC, the cross-product term is generally omitted in the evaluation function for LQR. However, the effectiveness of the cross-product term for LQR is confirmed by various researches. Therefore, this paper addresses the expanded form of cross-product term applied to MPC. Simulation of zero momentum spacecraft shows that the cross-product term is effective for consideration of performance to MPC.
Absolutely optical-frequency-stabilized cesium optical atomic clock (2011)

We have successfully realized an optical-frequency-stabilized Cs optical atomic clock using a mode-hop-free mode-locked fiber laser and an acetylene optical frequency standard. An optical frequency stability of 2×10 −11 was achieved for an averaging time of 1–100 s.
The nuclear receptor tailless is required for neurogenesis in the adult subventricular zone (2008)

The tailless (Tlx) gene encodes an orphan nuclear receptor that is expressed by neural stem/progenitor cells in the adult brain of the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the dentate gyrus (DG). The function of Tlx in neural stem cells of the adult SVZ remains largely unknown. We show here that in the SVZ of the adult brain Tlx is exclusively expressed in astrocyte-like B cells. An inducible mutation of the Tlx gene in the adult brain leads to complete loss of SVZ neurogenesis. Furthermore, analysis indicates that Tlx is required for the transition from radial glial cells to astrocyte-like neural stem cells. These findings demonstrate the crucial role of Tlx in the generation and maintenance of NSCs in the adult SVZ in vivo.
Newly developed biocarbon to increase electrical conductivity in sustainable polyamide 12 composites (2022)

Abstract Sustainable manufacture caused shift in automotive manufacturing practices. Polymer‐based composites make up almost 15% mass of the entire vehicle, most importantly the fuel system of the vehicle. Poor electrical conductivity of the polymer composites leads to electrostatic deposition, which can lead to issues. Carbon based synthetic fillers like carbon fiber and carbon nanotubes are attractive options to develop electrically conductive composites, owing to their excellent electrical and mechanical properties. However, the production process of these reinforcements is highly time and energy intensive making it quite expensive and not quite sustainable. Lignocellulosic feedstock can be carbonized at a high treatment temperature of ≥1000°C to produce electrically conductive biocarbon filler. In this study biocarbon fibers developed using Douglas fir pulp, were incorporated into polyamide 12 matrix to develop composites. The composites were fabricated using hot compression mounting. At a filler loading of 7.5 wt% the composites reported log electrical conductivity value of −6.67 S/cm and at 35 wt% filler loading rate the composite conductivity was −0.31 S/cm. An electrical conductivity of −8.70 S/cm for polyamide 6 composites filled with 20 wt% carbon fiber and −1.03 S/cm were reported for 40 wt% carbon fiber concentration in reviewed literature. The electrical conductivity values for the samples with 20 and 40 wt% carbon fibers are significantly lower compared to the biochar fiber filled composites at 25 and 35 wt% biochar filler loading rates, indicating the effectiveness of the biochar filler as a conductive filler in developing electrically conductive, sustainable composites.
Graphene nanophotonics (2010)

We discuss the potential of graphene in various nanophotonic applications. High speed graphene photodetector and its application in optical communications are presented. Band gap engineering in graphene is covered, which may enable light generation applications.
Arquitectura de la información y usabilidad en la web (2004)

This article discusses two fundamental issues regarding web-based information technologies: information architecture and usability. The objective of this work is to provide the reader with an overview of both fields, in addition to recounting the historical background of information architecture and the state of the art of usability in Latin America Arquitectura de la informacion.
Intrinsic Instability of Perovskite Solar Cells: The Role of a Hole-Blocking Layer (2023)

Among the emerging photovoltaic technologies, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are the most promising ones with efficiencies close to crystalline silicon. However, stability and reliability issues are still a limit for future applications of this technology. This manuscript investigates the intrinsic instability of PSCs by focusing on the role of the hole-blocking layer (HBL). PSCs were fabricated employing SnOX and bathocuproine (BCP) as an HBL, and their performances were monitored in time. The two architectures show initial similar performances; hence, they are good candidates for comparison, but they feature different instability phenomena. It is shown that cells fabricated with SnOX present larger instabilities mainly ascribable to open-circuit voltage fluctuations (variations in the short-circuit current are negligible). In contrast, the BCP-based cells are more stable with a marginal increase in their power conversion efficiency that follows the increase in the short-circuit current (while the open-circuit voltage does not change).
Interpretation of Abdominal CT: Analysis of Errors and Their Causes (1997)

The primary determinant of error rates in body CT is the skill of the interpreting radiologist.
5-Fluorouracil rechallenge after 5-fluorouracil-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy (2018)

For several decades, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) has been the backbone of many chemotherapy regimens for various tumor types. Its most common side effects are gastrointestinal disorders, mucositis, myelosuppression, hand-foot syndrome, and rarely cardiac toxicity. More rarely, 5-FU infusion can induce hyperammonemic encephalopathy. 5-FU toxicities can be worsened by complete or partial genetic and/or phenotypic dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency. Here, we report the case of a patient who initially developed a 5-FU-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy after receiving FOLFIRINOX (oxaliplatin, irinotecan, folinic acid, and 5-FU) chemotherapy with bevacizumab to treat a metastatic gastrointestinal cancer of unknown primary. Thereafter, the patient was rechallenged successfully by the same chemotherapy regimen (FOLFIRINOX) for more than 6 months with a protocol consisting in a free protein diet, and administration of ammonium chelators, and Krebs and urea cycle intermediates, to prevent further hyperammonemia. We also present a review of the literature on 5-FU rechallenge after 5-FU-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy.
A 64-bit, shared disk file system for Linux (2003)

In computer systems today, speed and responsiveness is often determined by network and storage subsystem performance. Faster, more scalable networking interfaces like Fibre Channel and Gigabit Ethernet provide the scaffolding from which higher performance implementations may be constructed, but new thinking is required about how machines interact with network-enabled storage devices. We have developed a Linux file system called GFS (the Global File System) that allows multiple Linux machines to access and share disk and tape devices on a Fibre Channel or SCSI storage network. We plan to extend GFS by transporting packetized SCSI commands over IP so that any GFS-enabled Linux machine can access shared network devices. GFS will perform well as a local file system, as a traditional network file system running over LP, and as a high-performance cluster file system running over storage networks like Fibre Channel. GFS device sharing provides a key cluster-enabling technology for Linux, helping to bring the availability, scalability, and load balancing benefits of clustering to Linux. Our goal is to develop a scalable, (in number of clients and devices, capacity, connectivity, and bandwidth) server-less file system that integrates IF-based network attached storage (NAS) and Fibre-Channel-based storage area networks (SAN). We call this new architecture Storage Area InterNetworking (SAINT). It exploits the speed and device scalability of SAN clusters, and provides the client scalability and network interoperability of NAS appliances. Our Linux port shows that the GFS architecture is portable across different platforms, and we are currently working on a port to NetBSD. The GFS code is open source (GPL) software freely available on the Internet at http://gfs.lcse.umn.edu.
Measurement of body temperature in neonatal mice (1977)

A simple method is described for obtaining repeated measurements of body temperature in young mice with minimal error introduced through stress. Temperatures are measured by an external thermocouple attached to the thorax in the region of the heart. A sling around the animal's thorax provides insulation for the thermocouple from surrounding air and mild restraint of the animal during measurement. Comparison with temperatures obtained in other locations indicates that external thoracic temperature as described gives a reliable estimate of true body temperature in mice up to 21 days old. Typical results with normal mice aged 1 day to 6 wk postpartum are included, together with a brief discussion of the technique's applicability.
On-demand acid-gated fluorescence switch-on in photo-generated nanospheres (2020)

Herein, we introduce a fast, additive-free, ambient temperature photochemical approach - utilising the novel Diels-Alder cycloaddition of a photo-active ortho-methylbenzaldehyde (oMBA) with a terminal alkyne - for preparing functional acid-sensitive profluorescent nano-/microspheres in one step. Not previously reported, the possibility of applying such a reaction in the context of particle synthesis provides new possibilities for particle design, where multi-step reactivity can be gated into distinct steps. First, a photochemically-gated particle formation step yields a material possessing a reactive, spring-loaded intermediate at every cross-linking point. A second, on-demand step to initiate fluorescence generation subsequently imparts the properties of the chemical transformation to the material itself. The synthesised particles are narrow-disperse with an average diameter ranging from 170-380 nm.
Systematic Improvement of Initial Value Representations of the Semiclassical Propagator (2003)

A systematic method is developed to obtain increasingly accurate semiclassical initial value representation (IVR) approximations to the exact quantum propagator. The main result is a series of correction terms of increasing order in a “correction operator”, which describes the difference between the exact evolution equation and the equation obeyed by the semiclassical propagator. Each term in the series involves only phase space integrals of classical trajectories and is therefore, in principle, amenable to numerical computation. The properties of the “correction operator” are studied for three different representations of the semiclassical propagator. For initial times, we find that the propagator suggested recently by Baranger et al. is superior to a thawed Gaussian propagator or the Herman−Kluk propagator.
Bis(1,2,3,4-η4-anthracene)cobaltate(1−) (2002)

Two remarkable features of bis(anthracene)cobaltate(1−) (see picture) are that it is the first homoleptic anthracene transition metal complex to be prepared by a conventional synthesis, that is, one not involving a metal atom reactor, and it is the first anionic complex of a late (Groups 7–11) transition metal containing only bound aromatic hydrocarbons.
CROSS-DB (1996)

Statistical and scientific computing applications exhibit characteristics that are fundamentally different from classical database system application domains. The CROSS-DB data model presented in this paper is optimized for use in such applications by providing advanced data modelling methods and application-oriented query facilities, thus providing a framework for optimized data management procedures. CROSS-DB (which stands for Classification-oriented, Redundancy-based Optimization of Statistical and Scientific DataBases) is based on a multidimensional data view. The model differs from other approaches by o~ering two complementary rnechanisrnsfor structuring qualifying information, classification and feature description. Using these mechanisms results in a normalized, low-dimensional database schema which ensures both, modelling uniqueness and understandability while providing enhanced modelling flexibility.
Modelling of ICAM-1 and LFA-1 Interaction Using Molecular Recognition Theory (2008)

The model of ICAM-1 and LFA-1 molecular interaction was used to test the application of the Molecular Recognition Theory for the identification of several discontinuous binding regions, i.e. ligand-receptor sites, within large antigenic molecules. Molecular Recognition Theory is an applicable heuristic algorithm for identification of possibly interacting amino acid pairs in short linear epitope/paratope sites within larger molecules. However, in order to achieve better efficiency this heuristic algorithm of molecular recognition has to be combined to several other procedures: molecular hydropathy analyses, secondary structure prediction methods and protein database search. The limitation of the combined MRT-hydropathy analyses is in the fact that it cannot explain 3D protein interactions, but it can be a valuable starting point for a more complex computational and experimental analysis.
Regulation of interleukin 6 gene expression in rat. (1993)

The effects of ip endotoxin administration on interleukin 6 (IL6) transcripts in brain and in peripheral tissues of rats were studied together with the effects of this treatment on IL6 and corticosterone concentrations in blood serum. Northern blot analyses showed a rapid increase of IL6 transcripts in spleen, pituitary gland, and adrenals that was paralleled by pronounced elevations in serum IL6 and corticosterone levels. Adrenalectomy further enhanced the induction of IL6 messenger RNA (mRNA) in spleen and pituitary gland and augmented the increase in serum IL6 bioactivity after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. Corticosterone pretreatment (10 mg/kg) completely blocked the increase of IL6 in serum and IL6 mRNA in spleen, adrenals, and hypophysis. In several brain areas, low amounts of IL6 mRNA were detected under basal, noninflammatory conditions, but in response to LPS there was no change in the IL6 mRNA in hippocampus, hypothalamus, and cerebellum. Neither adrenalectomy nor peripheral injections of sublethal LPS doses of up to 10 mg/kg were capable of increasing IL6 mRNA in the hippocampus. The data do not support the hypothesis that central IL6 biosynthesis via transcription of the gene contributes to the endotoxin-mediated activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system. The results, however, clearly demonstrate that LPS-induced IL6 gene expression is subject to glucocorticoid suppression in peripheral tissues.
Difference Equation Solutions to the One-Dimensional Ising Model with General Spin (1971)

The one-dimensional Ising model with general spin S and either open or periodic boundary conditions has been formulated as a difference equation of order 2S+1 with non-zero magnetic field B. This difference equation has the characteristic equation of the transfer matrix, V, as its indicial equation. When B=0, for the open chain, the order of the difference equation is reduced to [S+1]. It is shown that the correlation functions for the open chain satisfy similar difference equations. This result explicitly displays the lack of translational invariance of the open chain. For several cases it is shown that the partition function can be represented as the difference of two Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind.
Last minute travel application (1999)

In this article, we present a last minute travel application as part of a complete virtual travel agency. Each year a significant amount of tour packages is sold as last minute tours in Germany. It is impossible for a travel agent to keep track of all the offered tour packages. E-Commerce applications may help to present the best possible tour package for a specific customer request. Traditional database driven applications, as used by most of the tour operators, are not sufficient enough to implement a sales process with consultation in the WWW. The last minute travel application presented here uses case-based reasoning to bridge this gap and simulate the sales assistance of a human travel agent. A Case Retrieval Net (CRN), as internal data structure, proofed to be efficient to handle the large amount of data. Important for the acceptance by customers is also the integration into the Virtual Travel Agency and the interconnections to other parts of this system, like background information or the online car rental application.
A deep learning-facilitated radiomics solution for the prediction of lung lesion shrinkage in non-small cell lung cancer trials (2020)

Herein we propose a deep learning-based approach for the prediction of lung lesion response based on radiomic features extracted from clinical CT scans of patients in non-small cell lung cancer trials. The approach starts with the classification of lung lesions from the set of primary and metastatic lesions at various anatomic locations. Focusing on the lung lesions, we perform automatic segmentation to extract their 3D volumes. Radiomic features are then extracted from the lesion on the pre-treatment scan and the first follow-up scan to predict which lesions will shrink at least 30% in diameter during treatment (either Pembrolizumab or combinations of chemotherapy and Pembrolizumab), which is defined as a partial response by the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) guidelines. A 5-fold cross validation on the training set led to an AUC of 0.84 +/- 0.03, and the prediction on the testing dataset reached AUC of 0.73 +/- 0.02 for the outcome of 30% diameter shrinkage.