gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intranasal formulation of erythropoietin (EPO) showed potent protective activity against amyloid toxicity in the Aβ25-35 non-transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (2013)

Erythropoietin (EPO) promotes neurogenesis and neuroprotection. We here compared the protection induced by two EPO formulations in a rodent model of Alzheimer's disease (AD): rHu-EPO and a low sialic form, Neuro-EPO. We used the intracerebroventricular administration of aggregated Aβ₂₅₋₃₅ peptide, a non-transgenic AD model. rHu-EPO was tested at 125-500 µg/kg intraperitoneally and Neuro-EPO at 62-250 µg/kg intranasally (IN). Behavioural procedures included spontaneous alternation, passive avoidance, water-maze and object recognition, to address spatial and non-spatial, short- and long-term memories. Biochemical markers of Aβ₂₅₋₃₅ toxicity in the mouse hippocampus were examined and cell loss in the CA1 layer was determined. rHu-EPO and Neuro-EPO led to a significant prevention of Aβ₂₅₋₃₅-induced learning deficits. Both EPO formulations prevented the induction of lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus, showing an antioxidant activity. rHu-EPO (250 µg/kg) or Neuro-EPO (125 µg/kg) prevented the Aβ₂₅₋₃₅-induced increase in Bax level, TNFα and IL-1β production and decrease in Akt activation. A significant prevention of the Aβ₂₅₋₃₅-induced cell loss in CA1 was also observed. EPO is neuroprotective in the Aβ₂₅₋₃₅ AD model, confirming its potential as an endogenous neuroprotection system that could be boosted for therapeutic efficacy. We here identified a new IN formulation of EPO showing high neuroprotective activity. Considering its efficacy, ease and safety, IN Neuro-EPO is a new promising therapeutic agent in AD.
IgG Subclass and Heavy Chain Domains Contribute to Binding and Protection by mAbs to the Poly γ-D-glutamic Acid Capsular Antigen of Bacillus anthracis (2013)

Bacterial capsules are common targets for antibody-mediated immunity. The capsule of Bacillus anthracis is unusual among capsules because it is composed of a polymer of poly-γ-d-glutamic acid (γdPGA). We previously generated murine IgG3 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to γdPGA that were protective in a murine model of pulmonary anthrax. IgG3 antibodies are characteristic of the murine response to polysaccharide antigens. The goal of the present study was to produce subclass switch variants of the γdPGA mAbs (IgG3 → IgG1 → IgG2b → IgG2a) and assess the contribution of subclass to antibody affinity and protection. Subclass switch antibodies had identical variable regions but differed in their heavy chains. The results showed that a switch from the protective IgG3 to IgG1, IgG2b or IgG2a was accompanied by i) a loss of protective activity ii) a change in mAb binding to the capsular matrix, and iii) a loss of affinity. These results identify a role for the heavy chain constant region in mAb binding. Hybrid mAbs were constructed in which the CH1, CH2 or CH3 heavy chain constant domains from a non-protective, low binding IgG2b mAb were swapped into the protective IgG3 mAb. The IgG3 mAb that contained the CH1 domain from IgG2b showed no loss of affinity or protection. In contrast, swapping the CH2 or CH3 domains from IgG2b into IgG3 produced a reduction in affinity and a loss of protection. These studies identify a role for the constant region of IgG heavy chains in affinity and protection against an encapsulated bacterial pathogen.
Biochemical and pathological characterization of Lrrk2 (2006)

The reasons for the selective predisposition of patients with mutations in LRRK2 to develop parkinsonism remains unclear, but Lrrk2 mutations may prime select neuronal populations to cellular insults that can lead to aberrant protein aggregation.
The New Angiotherapy (2002)

Ali articles, comments, opinions, conclusions, or recommendations are tbose of tbe autbor( s ), and do not necessarily reflect tbe views of tbe publisher.Due diligence bas been taken by tbe publishers, editors, and autbors of tbis book to assure tbe accuracy of tbe information published and to describe generally accepted practices.The contributors herein ha ve carefully checked to ensure tbat tbe drug selections and dosages set fortb in tbis text are accurate and in accord witb tbe standards accepted at tbe time of publication.Notwitbstanding, as new research, changes in government regulations, and knowledge from clinica! experience relating to drug tberapy and drug reactions constantly occurs, tbe reader is advised to check tbe product information provided by the manufacturer of each drug for any change in dosages or for additional warnings and contraindications.This is of utmost importance when tbe recommended drug herein is a new or infrequently used drug.It is tbe responsibility of tbe treating physician to determine dosages and treatrnent strategies for individual patients.Furtber it is tbe responsibility of tbe healtb care provider to ascertain tbe Food and Drug Administration status of each drug or device used in tbeir clinica!practice.The publisher, editors, and autbors are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from tbe application of tbe information presented in this book and make no warranty, express or implied, witb respect to tbe contents in this publication.
Extracting conceptual graphs from Japanese documents for software requirements modeling (2009)

A requirements analysis step plays a significant role on the development of information systems, and in this step we produce various kinds of abstract models of the systems (called requirements models) according to the adopted development processes, e.g. class diagrams in the case of adopting object-oriented development. However, constructing these models of sufficient quality requires highest intellectual tasks and skills of human requirements analysts. In this paper, we develop a computerized tool to extract from a set of Japanese text documents conceptual information, called conceptual graph, which can be used as intermediate representation to generate software requirements models. More concretely, by applying the variation of text-mining techniques that we have developed, we extract significant words from text documents referring to the same problem domain and identify relevant relationships among them. The extracted words can be considered as concepts and they are constituents of a conceptual graph in the domain. This constructed graph can be used for generating requirements models, e.g. object oriented models, feature model, and even as a domain ontology that can be utilized during requirements analysis activities. We have made experimental analyses of our tool. This paper also includes the discussion on how the extracted conceptual graph can act as an object-oriented model, a feature model and a domain ontology, in order to show its wide applicability.
Cardiovascular Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Patients with Heart Failure and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (2003)

In medically treated patients with heart failure, treatment of coexisting obstructive sleep apnea by continuous positive airway pressure reduces systolic blood pressure and improves left ventricular systolic function. Obstructive sleep apnea may thus have an adverse effect in heart failure that can be addressed by targeted therapy.
Interleukin-1 Beta Promotes Functional Recovery of Crushed Peripheral Nerve (2000)

JBJS was founded by the American Orthopaedic Association in 1903 and is the Official Journal of the American Orthopaedic Association. EXCELLENCE THROUGH PEER REVIEW The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery (JBJS) has been the most valued source of information for orthopaedic surgeons and researchers for over 125 years and is the gold standard in peer-reviewed scientific information in the field. A core journal and essential reading for general as well as specialist orthopaedic surgeons worldwide, JBJS publishes evidence-based research to enhance the quality of care for orthopaedic patients. Standards of excellence and high quality are maintained in everything we do, from the science of the content published to the customer service we provide. JBJS is an independent, non-profit journal. JBJS.org is the version of record of The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. JBJS is published twice a month on the first and third Wednesday of each month, each time adding to a comprehensive PDF archive dating back to 1889. Additional features online include: article commenting, social sharing links, instructional videos, podcasts, and continuing medical education activities. Contributions from anywhere in the world are welcome and considered on their merits. The manuscript must be written in English and should be submitted as outlined in the Instructions for Authors. Manuscripts are subject to blinded peer review by experts and a final decision by the editor. Papers are judged by the quality and relevance of the work. Our aim is to publish the best material available from anywhere in the world.
STEAMR Receiver Chain (2009)

We report on the development of the STEAMR radiometer system, including the front-end receivers, LO multipliers and the back-end spectrometer system. STEAMR constitutes the submillimeter wave limbsounder on board PREMIER, one of three ESA Earth Explorer Core missions that have entered a feasibility study phase. The STEAMR instrument is based on a linear array of 14 heterodyne receivers operating in the 320 GHz to 360 GHz band processing over 260 GHz of instantaneous IF bandwidth. Thereto, eight of the fourteen receivers are to be sideband separating (2SB) and a novel waveguide based topology with integrated LNA’s has been developed.An overview of the receiver system is presented together with a conceptual design optimized to meet the scientific goals of the instrument. Preliminary results on critical receiver components such as front-end mixers, LO chains and the back end spectrometer are presented and different alternatives for realization are discussed.
<title>Compositional uniformity control on deposition of magneto-optical disk</title> (1993)

The rare earth-transition metal (RE-TM) alloys are widely accepted as the most suitable material for magneto-optical (MO) recording. The magnetic and optical properties of the recording media, hence the read-write-erase characteristics of the disk, are crucially dependent on the composition of the RE-TM films. Tailoring the composition of the films to meet the requirements in various magneto-optical recording applications is, therefore, important. In-line sputtering is the most common method for RE-TM film coating in disk production process. There are two common methods for fabricating sputter target; one is powder-sintering, the other is melt-casting. The former method yields a target composed of mixtures of pure element phases and certain percentage of intermetallic compound phases, the latter method yields a target composed of 100% intermetallic compound phases. The sputtering of RE-TM target often gives nonuniform composition distribution on the disk based on past experiences. This problem motivated us to study the sputtered atom distribution of the targets which were fabricated by different methods.
Polymer‐Relief Microstructures by Inkjet Etching (2006)

Polymer microstructures are prepared by inkjet etching. By varying the distance between the printed solvent droplets, rectangular and honeycomb hole arrays like those shown in the figure are formed. These holes can act as reservoirs for other inkjet-printed materials, such as quantum dots. The technique holds promise for rapid- prototyping applications and microarray fabrication.
Taxonomic Abstraction in Psychobiology (1984)

If a body of knowledge in a scientific discipline is to be extended beyond empirical observation and into the realm of laws and principles, one of the fundamental requirements is a taxonomy which supports the systematic integration of observations. Psychobiology benefits from taxonomies provided by biology and chemistry, which include not only object oriented taxonomies such as species or chemical elements, but also process oriented taxonomies, such as oxidation, metabolism, phototaxis, or predation. Psychobiology has yet to provide equivalent taxonomies for its behavioral observations, although the common use of terms such as fear, anger, arousal, stress, and memory might lead one to suppose that these are based on a well established taxonomy of behavioral measures. In this report the logical and quantitative requirements for treating behavioral measures in terms of taxonomic classes are reviewed. A sample of studies representing recent research in psychobiology was examined to assess interest in such a taxonomy and to identify elements of current practice which might contribute to its development. Recent practice displays some evidence of interest in behavioral classes, in choice of language, and in frequent use of multiple dependent measures. Multivariate methods, which might elicit from such data evidence contributing to the development of a taxonomy, are rarely used. Recommendations are given on some appropriate analytic methods for data resulting from current practice and for new exploratory paradigms which could aim directly at the establishment of taxonomic classes for behaviors.
Boosting Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production of a Metal–Organic Framework Decorated with Platinum Nanoparticles: The Platinum Location Matters (2016)

Improving the efficiency of electron-hole separation and charge-carrier utilization plays a central role in photocatalysis. Herein, Pt nanoparticles of ca. 3 nm are incorporated inside or supported on a representative metal-organic framework (MOF), UiO-66-NH2 , denoted as Pt@UiO-66-NH2 and Pt/UiO-66-NH2 , respectively, for photocatalytic hydrogen production via water splitting. Compared with the pristine MOF, both Pt-decorated MOF nanocomposites exhibit significantly improved yet distinctly different hydrogen-production activities, highlighting that the photocatalytic efficiency strongly correlates with the Pt location relative to the MOF. The Pt@UiO-66-NH2 greatly shortens the electron-transport distance, which favors the electron-hole separation and thereby yields much higher efficiency than Pt/UiO-66-NH2 . The involved mechanism has been further unveiled by means of ultrafast transient absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy.
Change in Blood Pressure while Sitting up from a Supine Position and Standing up from a Sitting Position (1998)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the change in blood pressure while sitting up and standing up to obtain basic data for the management of risk in the clinical physical therapy setting. The subjects in Experiment 1 ( sitting up ) were 9 healthy young people ( 21.6±0.7 years old ) and those in Experiment 2 ( standing up ) were 11 healthy young people ( 24.4±6.1 years old). Systolic ( SBP ) and diastolic blood pressures ( DBP ) were measured beat by beat at the right radial artery with a continuous blood pressure measuring apparatus while the subjects were sitting up or standing up. The maximal value of SBP while sitting up increased. The minimal values of SBP and DBP decreased significantly compared with those at rest. The maximal values of SBP and DBP increased and the minimal values of SBP decreased significantly while standing up from a sitting height of 20 cm. Blood pressure fluctuated in a range of about 40mmHg in the process of sitting up and standing up. These results indicate that physical therapists should manage the risk of changes in blood pressure carefully when they have their patients practice sitting up and standing up.
550 GHz Scanning Lens Phased Array (2020)

In this contribution, we present the progress towards developing two submillimeter-wave prototypes of a scanning lens phased array. This recently-proposed array architecture can achieve high-gain, wide-scan radiation patterns with low sidelobes and only a few active elements. Measurements are presented for a prototype lens antenna at 550 GHz.
Context-sensitive information retrieval using implicit feedback (2005)

A major limitation of most existing retrieval models and systems is that the retrieval decision is made based solely on the query and document collection; information about the actual user and search context is largely ignored. In this paper, we study how to exploit implicit feedback information, including previous queries and clickthrough information, to improve retrieval accuracy in an interactive information retrieval setting. We propose several context-sensitive retrieval algorithms based on statistical language models to combine the preceding queries and clicked document summaries with the current query for better ranking of documents. We use the TREC AP data to create a test collection with search context information, and quantitatively evaluate our models using this test set. Experiment results show that using implicit feedback, especially the clicked document summaries, can improve retrieval performance substantially.
On the Use of Metamaterial Surfaces for EBG Antenna Improvements (2007)

This paper presents several configurations where frequency selective surfaces are used to improve EBG resonator antennas performances. The different detailed structures are mainly focused on the bandwidth limitation of these antennas which has been addressed in various ways. In addition to a wide band antenna, two structures showing a dual band functioning are presented, of which one moreover possesses some frequency agility. The building of several prototypes and their measurement has confirmed the promising theoretical results.
Cellulolytic Bacteria in the Digestive System of Prostephanus truncatus (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) (1997)

Bacteria from the digestive system of larvae and adults of the larger grain borer, Prostcphanus truncatus (Horn), from Mexico, Tanzania, and Togo were isolated-and identified. Alcaligenes faecalis (Castellani ©Chalmers), Chromobacterium violaceum (Bergonzini), and Pseudomonas fluorescens variety cellulose (Trevisan) were only detected in the guts of P. truncatus from Tanzania, these bacteria showed a high capacity to digest carboxymethyl cellulose. The growth rate, antibiotic susceptibility, and effect of 2 pH values (4.5 and 6.5) on the growth of the 9 bacteria isolated from the 3 colonies of P. truncates under aerobic and anaerobic conditions also were studied. Using transmission electron microscopy, the bacterial microenvironment was established in the hindgut (ileum) of the larger grain borer. The presence of cellulolytic bacteria in the alimentary tract suggests that this beetle has the potential to survive under varied environmental conditions and in a variety of commodities, including wooden structures in rural areas of most African and North and Central American countries that are used as dwellings or for maize storage. The presence of cellulolytic bacteria in the larger grain borer also suggests that cellulolytic capacity could be one of the phylogenetic similarities shared with some species of the Anobiidae.
Regulation of Cytoskeletal Dynamics at the Immune Synapse: New Stars Join the Actin Troupe (2006)

Reorganization of actin cytoskeletal dynamics plays a critical role in controlling T-lymphocyte activation and effector functions. Interaction of T-cell receptors (TCR) with appropriate major histocompatibility complex-peptide complexes on antigen-presenting cells results in the activation of signaling cascades, leading to the accumulation of F-actin at the cell-cell contact site. This event is required for the formation and stabilization of the immune synapse (IS), a cellular structure essential for the modulation of T-cell responses. Analysis of actin cytoskeletal dynamics following engagement of the TCR has largely focused on the Arp2/3 regulator, WASp, because of its early identification and its association with human disease. However, recent studies have shown equally important roles for several additional actin regulatory proteins. In this review, we turn the spotlight on the expanding cast of actin regulatory proteins, which co-ordinate actin dynamics at the IS.
High performance boronic acid-containing hydrogel for biocompatible continuous glucose monitoring (2017)

Rapid and robust hydrogels are essential in realizing continuous glucose monitoring in diabetes monitoring.
Resource allocation in multi-service wireless access networks (1997)

Wireless Access Networks offer an alternative method for connecting subscribers to the global telecommunication networks. They will become widespread only if they can provide an attractive set of communication services at competitive prices and quality. Fundamental to achieving these goals is how the scarce radio frequency is managed. We evaluate a few alternative resource management principles and highlight some key design issues for such networks. The emphasis is on providing services that require certain minimum performance guarantees in order to be useful. High quality communication services and efficient resource management is only possible if the resource requirements of different services can be adequately described. We propose a framework for expressing wireless communication services in terms upon which radio resource management algorithms can operate. A price/priority component can be used to prioritize between different services. A comparison is made between fixed (FCA) and dynamic (DCA) channel allocation for multi-service TDMA networks. We show that if access networks should be capable
JUM is a computational method for comprehensive annotation-free analysis of alternative pre-mRNA splicing patterns (2018)

Alternative pre-mRNA splicing (AS) greatly diversifies metazoan transcriptomes and proteomes and is crucial for gene regulation. Current computational analysis methods of AS from Illumina RNA-sequencing data rely on preannotated libraries of known spliced transcripts, which hinders AS analysis with poorly annotated genomes and can further mask unknown AS patterns. To address this critical bioinformatics problem, we developed a method called the junction usage model (JUM) that uses a bottom-up approach to identify, analyze, and quantitate global AS profiles without any prior transcriptome annotations. JUM accurately reports global AS changes in terms of the five conventional AS patterns and an additional "composite" category composed of inseparable combinations of conventional patterns. JUM stringently classifies the difficult and disease-relevant pattern of intron retention (IR), reducing the false positive rate of IR detection commonly seen in other annotation-based methods to near-negligible rates. When analyzing AS in RNA samples derived from <i>Drosophila</i> heads, human tumors, and human cell lines bearing cancer-associated splicing factor mutations, JUM consistently identified approximately twice the number of novel AS events missed by other methods. Computational simulations showed JUM exhibits a 1.2 to 4.8 times higher true positive rate at a fixed cutoff of 5% false discovery rate. In summary, JUM provides a framework and improved method that removes the necessity for transcriptome annotations and enables the detection, analysis, and quantification of AS patterns in complex metazoan transcriptomes with superior accuracy.