gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Meshless animation of fracturing solids (2005)

We present a new meshless animation framework for elastic and plastic materials that fracture. Central to our method is a highly dynamic surface and volume sampling method that supports arbitrary crack initiation, propagation, and termination, while avoiding many of the stability problems of traditional mesh-based techniques. We explicitly model advancing crack fronts and associated fracture surfaces embedded in the simulation volume. When cutting through the material, crack fronts directly affect the coupling between simulation nodes, requiring a dynamic adaptation of the nodal shape functions. We show how local visibility tests and dynamic caching lead to an efficient implementation of these effects based on point collocation. Complex fracture patterns of interacting and branching cracks are handled using a small set of topological operations for splitting, merging, and terminating crack fronts. This allows continuous propagation of cracks with highly detailed fracture surfaces, independent of the spatial resolution of the simulation nodes, and provides effective mechanisms for controlling fracture paths. We demonstrate our method for a wide range of materials, from stiff elastic to highly plastic objects that exhibit brittle and/or ductile fracture.
Lithiation-induced tensile stress and surface cracking in silicon thin film anode for rechargeable lithium battery (2012)

Cracks are found at the surface of silicon thin film anodes during lithiation-delithiation cycles in rechargeable lithium battery. However, whether crack formation occurs during lithiation or delithiation is still controversial. Using both an analytical model and a more complete finite element model, we show that a transition from compressive to tensile stress occurs at the silicon thin film surface during the lithiation process itself. This stress transition arises from the large volume expansion, plastic deformation, and slow charging rate which results in a sharp interface separating the lithiated and unlithiated zones. Our analysis further shows this tensile stress is sufficient to cause cracking of the lithiated thin film surface, suggesting cracks observed experimentally in silicon thin films are first generated during the lithiation step, rather than the delithiation step.
Er 3+  ions–Si nanocrystals interactions and their effects on the luminescence properties (2000)

A detailed investigation on the interaction mechanisms between Er ions and Si nanocrystals (nc) is reported. Silicon nc were produced by high-temperature annealing of substoichiometric SiOx thin films grown by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Subsequently, some of the samples were implanted by Er. These samples show intense room-temperature luminescence at both 1.54 and 0.98 μm. High-resolution luminescence spectra of Er-implanted Si nc suggest that the emitting Er ions are located in the SiO2 or at the Si nc/SiO2 interface. The pump-power dependence and the time decay of the 1.54 μm emission in Si nc with different Er contents have evidenced the presence of several nonradiative decay processes due to Er–Er and Er–Si nc interactions. Moreover, the number of Er ions per Si nc is shown to be a quite critical parameter in determining the final properties of the overall system.
Privacy Assuring Video-Based Monitoring System Considering Browsing Purposes (2006)

We are trying to resolve privacy issues of monitoring cameras through the "Yaoyorozu Project," which is a research project based on a "transdisciplinary science and technology" approach. In this paper we describe technical issues that must be addressed to assure both privacy and monitoring availability. We describe the design and development of a system implementing a method that filters sensitive information in videos on the basis of data identifying the observers, camera locations, and the people observed by the cameras.
Statin reverses reduction of adiponectin receptor expression in infarcted heart and in TNF-α-treated cardiomyocytes in association with improved glucose uptake (2007)

Statin treatment improves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Thus this study assessed whether statin may affect the myocardial expression levels of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, receptors of adiponectin that enhance insulin sensitivity, and whether statin may improve insulin resistance in cardiomyocytes. Myocardial infarction (MI) was created by the ligation of the left coronary artery in male mice. Expression levels of mRNA and protein levels of AdipoR1 but not of AdipoR2 were significantly decreased in the remote area as well as in the healed infarcted area in the left ventricles 4 wk after MI. Oral administration of pravastatin (50 mg.kg(-1).day(-1) for 4 wk after MI) reversed the decrease in myocardial expression levels of AdipoR1 independently of changes in serum lipid profiles and insulin levels. With the use of cultured cardiomyocytes, incubation with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, a mediator of postinfarction myocardial dysfunction, inhibited AdipoR1 mRNA and protein expression levels. Coincubation of the cells with pravastatin reversed the inhibitory effects of TNF-alpha on AdipoR1 expression. In parallel, pravastatin reversed the TNF-alpha-induced decrease in globular adiponectin-induced 2-deoxy-d-[(3)H]glucose uptake in insulin-treated cultured cells. Moreover, this effect of pravastatin was inhibited by the suppression of AdipoR1 expression by small-interfering RNA specific for AdipoR1. Incubation with H(2)O(2) reduced AdipoR1 expression in cultured cardiomyocytes that were attenuated by N-acetyl-l-cysteine or pravastatin. Pravastatin suppressed TNF-alpha-induced intracellular oxidants in cultured cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, pravastatin reversed the reduction of AdipoR1 expression in postinfarction mouse myocardium and in TNF-alpha-treated cardiomyocytes partly through an antioxidative mechanism in association with improved glucose uptake.
A low-cost, battery-powered acoustic trap for surveilling male Aedes aegypti during rear-and-release operations (2018)

The Aedes aegypti mosquito is a primary vector of several serious arboviruses throughout the world and is therefore of great concern to many public health organizations. With vector control methodology pivoting towards rearing and releasing large numbers of genetically modified, sterilized, or Wolbachia-infected male mosquitoes to control vector populations, economical surveillance methods for release tracking becomes increasingly necessary. Previous work has identified that male Ae. aegypti are attracted to female wingbeat frequencies and can be captured through artificial playback of these frequencies, but the tested systems are cost-prohibitive for wide-scale monitoring. Thus, we have developed a simple, low-cost, battery-powered, microcontroller-based sound lure which mimics the wingbeat frequency of female Ae. aegypti, thereby attracting males. We then tested the efficacy of this lure in combination with a passive (non-powered) gravid Aedes trap (GAT) against the current gold-standard, the Biogents Sentinel (BGS) trap, which requires main power (household power) and costs several times what the GAT does. Capture rates of male Ae. aegypti in sound-baited GATs (Sound-GATs) in these field tests were comparable to that of the BGS with no inhibitory effects of sound playback on female capture. We conclude that the Sound-GAT is an effective replacement of the costly BGS for surveillance of male Ae. aegypti mosquitoes, particularly in the developing countries where funding is limited, and has the potential to be adapted to target males of other medically important species.
P2X receptors in neuroglia (2012)

Different types of ionotropic P2X purinoceptors are expressed in all major types of neuroglia, where they mediate a variety of physiological and pathological signaling. Cortical astrocytes express specific P2X<sub>1/5</sub> heteromeric receptors that are activated by ongoing synaptic transmission and can trigger fast local signaling through elevation in cytoplasmic Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Na<sup>+</sup> concentrations. Oligodendrocytes express several types of P2X receptors that may control their development and mediate axonal-glial interactions. In microglia, P2X<sub>4</sub> and P2X<sub>7</sub> receptors regulate numerous events associated with microglial activation, motility, and release of proinflammatory factors.
Design of a surface PM vernier motor for a practical variable speed application (2015)

In order to verify the possibility for practical application of vernier motor, a motor with surface PM configuration has been designed for use in a commercial washing machine. First, a previously existing PM motor with an outer rotor, is investigated by using its equivalent circuit parameters. Next, the circuit parameters of vernier motor are formulated in terms of practical design variables. A new vernier motor with high power density is designed by comparing its characteristics with the parameters of the previous motor. The performance of the motor is then investigated with FEM. Finally the designed vernier machine is fabricated and numerous performance features are measured. Finally, the feasibility and problems related to such a machine are discussed.
Laser de divergence minimale à section photométrique plate dans le champ proche (1991)

International audience
Dynamic inference control (2003)

An inference problem exists in a multilevel database if knowledge of some objects in the database allows information with a higher security level to be inferred. Many such inferences may be prevented prior to any query processing by raising the security level of some of the objects, however this inevitably impedes information access, as a user with low authorization who queries just one of the objects with raised security must seek clearance even when not in danger of making the inference. More flexible access control is possible when inferences are prevented during query processing, however this practice can result in slow query response times. We demonstrate that access control can be made sufficiently dynamic to ensure easy access to the information users are entitled to, while retaining fast query processing. Our inference control schemes provide collusion resistance and have a query processing time that depends only on the length of the inference channels (not on the length of user query histories). In addition, our schemes provide a property we call crowd control that goes beyond collusion resistance to ensure that if a large number of users have queried all but one of the objects in an inference channel, then no one will be able to query the remaining object regardless of the level of collusion resistance provided by the scheme.
Search for Potent and Selective Aurora A Inhibitors Based on General Ser/Thr Kinase Pharmacophore Model (2016)

Based on the data for compounds known from the literature to be active against various types of Ser/Thr kinases, a general pharmachophore model for these types of kinases was developed. The search for the molecules fitting to this pharmacophore among the ASINEX proprietary library revealed a number of compounds, which were tested and appeared to possess some activity against Ser/Thr kinases such as Aurora A, Aurora B and Haspin. Our work on the optimization of these molecules against Aurora A kinase allowed us to achieve several hits in a 3-5 nM range of activity with rather good selectivity and Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) properties, and cytotoxicity against 16 cancer cell lines. Thus, we showed the possibility to fine-tune the general Ser/Thr pharmacophore to design active and selective compounds against desired types of kinases.
Probability-Modeling of FRP Reinforced Beams (2001)

Solid-sawn wood or wood composite beams may be reinforced with Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) on the tension side to increase their bending strength, stiffness and ductility. This paper describes results of an extensive full-scale physical testing program designed to verify the accuracy of a probabilistic model of reinforced glued laminated (glulam) beams. The testing program evaluated 90 glulam beams 130 mm wide x 305 mm deep x 6.7 m long reinforced in tension with E-glass FRP (GFRP). The beams were made using a random layup of L2 and better grade of Douglas Fir and Western Hemlock lamstock and were tested in four-point bending according to ASTM D198. The numerical model, called ReLAM (for Reinforced LAMinated beams), predicts the probability density functions (PDFs) of the Modulus of Rupture (MOR) and Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) for a selected layup of reinforced glulam beams. The model utilizes a moment-curvature mechanics approach, Monte Carlo simulations, and internally calculates the volume effect in reinforced glulam beams from basic statistical mechanics principles. Both the laboratory testing and ReLAM showed that for the Douglas Fir layup tested, a GFRP tension reinforcement ratio of 3.3% increased the allowable bending strength Fb by 119%. ReLAM was found to be an accurate tool for predicting the bending strength and stiffness PDFs of reinforced glulams. These PDFs can be used in reliability-based design of FRP-glulams.
The role of H2‐O and HLA‐DO in major histocompatibility complex class Il‐restricted antigen processing and presentation (1999)

The function of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules is to sample exogenous antigens for presentation to CD4+ T helper cells. After synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum, class II molecules are directed into the endosomal system by association with the invariant chain (Ii), which is sequentially cleaved, generating class II dimers loaded with Ii-derived peptides (CLIP). These class II-peptide complexes are physiological substrates for H2-M/HLA-DM, a resident of the endosomal/lysosomal system which facilitates the removal of CLIP from newly synthesised class II alpha beta dimers. Exchange of CLIP for antigenic class II-binding peptides is also promoted by the action of H2-M/HLA-DM, resulting in stable peptide-class II complexes that are transported to the cell surface for presentation to CD4+ T cells. Recent evidence suggests that this H2-M/HLA-DM-mediated 'peptide editing' is influenced by another MHC class II-encoded molecule, H2-O/HLA-DO. This non-polymorphic alpha beta heterodimer is associated with H2-M/HLA-DM during intracellular transport and within the endosomal system of B cells. H2-O/HLA-DO alters the peptide exchange function of H2-M/HLA-DM in a pH-dependent manner, so that H2-M/HLA-DM activity is limited to more acidic conditions, corresponding to lysosomal compartments. Indeed, H2-O/HLA-DO may serve to limit the presentation of antigens after fluid phase uptake by B cells, while augmenting presentation of antigens internalised via membrane Ig receptors. Such a mechanism may maintain the fidelity of the B-cell-CD4+ T-cell interaction, counteracting self reactivity arising from less stringent lymphocyte activation. Here, data evaluating the role of H2-O/HLA-DO shall be reviewed and its putative function discussed.
Optimizing quasi-phase matching of high harmonic generation using counterpropagating pulse trains (2007)

We formulate a theory of quasi-phase matching of high harmonic generation using weak counterpropagating pulse trains. We predict the optimal laser intensities and pulse shapes for the counterpropagating field and find that the conversion efficiency is better than the efficiency obtained by simply suppressing harmonic emission from out-of-phase regions.
Accelerating database analytic query workloads using an associative processor (2022)

Database analytic query workloads are heavy consumers of data-center cycles, and there is constant demand to improve their performance. Associative processors (AP) have re-emerged as an attractive architecture that offers very large data-level parallelism that can be used to implement a wide range of general-purpose operations. Associative processing is based primarily on efficient search and bulk update operations. Analytic query workloads benefit from data parallel execution and often feature both search and bulk update operations. In this paper, we investigate how amenable APs are to improving the performance of analytic query workloads. For this study, we use the recently proposed Content-Addressable Processing Engine (CAPE) framework. CAPE is an AP core that is highly programmable via the RISC-V ISA with standard vector extensions. By mapping key database operators to CAPE and introducing AP-aware changes to the query optimizer, we show that CAPE is a good match for database analytic workloads. We also propose a set of database-aware microarchitectural changes to CAPE to further improve performance. Overall, CAPE achieves a 10.8× speedup on average (up to 61.1×) on the SSB benchmark (a suite of 13 queries) compared to an iso-area aggressive out-of-order processor with AVX-512 SIMD support.
Delayed blockade of the kinin B1 receptor reduces renal inflammation and fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy (2008)

Renal fibrosis is the common histological feature of advanced glomerular and tubulointerstitial disease leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, specific antifibrotic therapies to slow down the evolution to ESRD are still absent. Because persistent inflammation is a key event in the development of fibrosis, we hypothesized that the proinflammatory kinin B1 receptor (B1R) could be such a new target. Here we show that, in the unilateral ureteral obstruction model of renal fibrosis, the B1R is overexpressed and that delayed treatment with an orally active nonpeptide B1R antagonist blocks macrophage infiltration, leading to a reversal of the level of renal fibrosis. In vivo bone marrow transplantation studies as well as in vitro studies on renal cells show that part of this antifibrotic mechanism of B1R blockade involves a direct effect on resident renal cells by inhibiting chemokine CCL2 and CCL7 expression. These findings suggest that blocking the B1R is a promising antifibrotic therapy.
SSSIC: Semantics-to-Signal Scalable Image Coding With Learned Structural Representations (2021)

We address the requirement of image coding for joint human-machine vision, i.e., the decoded image serves both human observation and machine analysis/understanding. Previously, human vision and machine vision have been extensively studied by image (signal) compression and (image) feature compression, respectively. Recently, for joint human-machine vision, several studies have been devoted to joint compression of images and features, but the correlation between images and features is still unclear. We identify the deep network as a powerful toolkit for generating structural image representations. From the perspective of information theory, the deep features of an image naturally form an entropy decreasing series: a scalable bitstream is achieved by compressing the features backward from a deeper layer to a shallower layer until culminating with the image signal. Moreover, we can obtain learned representations by training the deep network for a given semantic analysis task or multiple tasks and acquire deep features that are related to semantics. With the learned structural representations, we propose SSSIC, a framework to obtain an embedded bitstream that can be either partially decoded for semantic analysis or fully decoded for human vision. We implement an exemplar SSSIC scheme using coarse-to-fine image classification as the driven semantic analysis task. We also extend the scheme for object detection and instance segmentation tasks. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed SSSIC framework and establish that the exemplar scheme achieves higher compression efficiency than separate compression of images and features.
Incidence of second primary cancers with pediatric high grade glioma: Single institution experience. (2015)

e21023 Background: Children with high grade gliomas (HGG) continue to have a poor prognosis despite the use of multimodality therapy. HGG may rarely occur as part of cancer predisposition syndromes (CPS) and to be associated with other primary second cancers (PSC). We aim to evaluate the incidence of PSC with HGG at King Hussein Cancer Center, Jordan Methods: We retrospectively reviewed neurooncology database between 2003 -2013. We included patients > 3 and < 18 years and in whom we could review and confirm HGG diagnosis. We described their clinical characteristics, survival and incidence of PSC Results: 42 patients were identified (29 males, 24 Jordanians). Median age was 11.3 years (3.1-17.9). Main presenting symptoms were increased intracranial pressure in 22 (52%), focal deficits in 13 and convulsions in 10. Fourteen (67%) patients with available clinical data had café au lait spots (CAL). Family history of cancer was reported in 13/31 and consanguinity in 10/30. Twelve patients (29%) had near total tumor resection, 36 had radiotherapy and 32 received chemotherapy 7 patients (17%) developed PSC. Two patients had Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) then after 5 and 7 years developed HGG (without prior radiotherapy). The third patient was diagnosed with multiple colon polyps first. One patient developed synchronous medulloblastoma and supratentorial HGG, while the fifth got metachronous temporoparietal and posterior fossa HGG after 4 years. One patient developed NHL two years post HGG diagnosis. The last patient developed HGG followed by premalignant colon polyp (15 months) and leukemia (18 months). Median survival of 7 patients with PSC post HGG diagnosis was 37.1 months (95% CL 3.38 - 42.13); two patients are still alive (22 and 70 months). The median survival for the remaining 35 patients was 13.4 months (95% CL 11.21- 23.25), however the 3-year OS wasn’t statistically significant (p = 0.075) Conclusions: Our experience suggests that a subset of pediatric patients with HGG have an underlying predisposition condition for multiple malignancies. Interestingly, these patients experience better survival from their HGG. Recognition and confirmation of an underlying CPS is important to initiate genetic counseling and screening
An Activatable Photosensitizer Targeted to γ‐Glutamyltranspeptidase (2017)

We adopted a spirocyclization-based strategy to design γ-glutamyl hydroxymethyl selenorhodamine green (gGlu-HMSeR) as a photo-inactive compound that would be specifically cleaved by the tumor-associated enzyme γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) to generate the potent photosensitizer HMSeR. gGlu-HMSeR has a spirocyclic structure and is colorless and does not show marked phototoxicity toward low-GGT-expressing cells or normal tissues upon irradiation with visible light. In contrast, HMSeR predominantly takes an open structure, is colored, and generates reactive oxygen species upon irradiation. The γ-glutamyl group thus serves as a tumor-targeting moiety for photodynamic therapy (PDT), switching on tumor-cell-specific phototoxicity. To validate this system, we employed chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), a widely used model for preliminary evaluation of drug toxicity. Photoirradiation after gGlu-HMSeR treatment resulted in selective ablation of implanted tumor spheroids without damage to healthy tissue.