gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A CORDIC processor for FFT computation and its implementation using gallium arsenide technology (1998)

In this paper, the architecture and the implementation of a complex fast Fourier transform (CFFT) processor using 0.6 /spl mu/m gallium arsenide (GaAs) technology are presented. This processor computes a 1024-point FFT of 16 bit complex data in less than 8 /spl mu/s, working at a frequency beyond 700 MHz, with a power consumption of 12.5 W. The architecture of the processor is based on the COordinate Rotation DIgital Computer (CORDIC) algorithm, which avoids the use of conventional multiplication-and-accumulation (MAC) units, but evaluates the trigonometric functions using only add and shift operations, Improvements to the basic CORDIC architecture are introduced in order to reduce the area and power of the processor. This together with the use of pipelining and carry save adders produces a very regular and fast processor, The CORDIC units were fabricated and tested in order to anticipate the final performance of the processor. This work also demonstrates the maturity of GaAs technology for implementing ultrahigh-performance signal processors.
DEPTH CAMERA TECHNOLOGY COMPARISON AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION (2012)

How good are cheap depth cameras, namely the Microsoft Kinect, compared to state of the art Time-of- Flight depth cameras? In this paper several depth cameras of different types were put to the test on a variety of tasks in order to judge their respective performance and to find out their weaknesses. We will concentrate on the common area of applications for which both types are specified, i.e. near field indoor scenes. The characteristics and limitations of the different technologies as well as the concrete hardware implementations are discussed and evaluated with a set of experimental setups. Especially, the noise level and the axial and angular resolutions are compared. Additionally, refined formulas to generate depth values based on the raw measurements of the Kinect are presented.
PRNU based source attribution with a collection of seam-carved images (2016)

Photo Response Non-Uniformity (PRNU) noise based source attribution is a well known technique to verify the source camera of an anonymous image or video. Researchers have proposed various counter measures to PRNU based source camera attribution. Forced seam-carving is a recently proposed counter forensics measure that was proposed to defeat PRNU based source attribution by disturbing the alignment of PRNU noise patterns. This paper shows that given a multiple number of seam-carved images, source attribution can still be reliably made even if the size of a non-carved image block is less than the recommended size of 50×50.
Media Streaming With Network Diversity (2007)

Today's packet networks including the Internet offer an intrinsic diversity for media distribution in terms of available network paths and servers or information sources. Novel communication infrastructures such as ad hoc or wireless mesh networks use network diversity to extend their reach at low cost. Diversity can bring interesting benefits in supporting resource greedy applications such as media streaming services, by aggregation of bandwidth and computing resources. Typically, overlay network architectures compensate for lack of quality-of-service guarantees in the network by introducing redundancy in the media delivery system through network diversity. They can support efficient multimedia services when routing, coding, and scheduling algorithms are able to adapt to both the media information and the dynamic network status. This paper presents an overview of the distributed streaming solutions that profit from network diversity in order to improve the quality of multimedia applications. We discuss the coding techniques used for adaptive and flexible media streaming with network diversity. We describe the problem of media streaming with path diversity and focus on routing, path computation, and packet scheduling problems in multipath networks. Then, the advantages of server or source peer diversity in collaborative streaming solutions are discussed. Lastly, we present an overview of wireless mesh networks and focus on the typical constraints imposed by these novel communication models on media streaming with network diversity.
Data from Central Role of c-Myc during Malignant Conversion in Human Hepatocarcinogenesis (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Hepatocarcinogenesis is a multistage process in which precursor lesions progress into early hepatocellular carcinomas (eHCC) by sequential accumulation of multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations. To decode the molecular events during early stages of liver carcinogenesis, we performed gene expression profiling on cirrhotic (regenerative) and dysplastic nodules (DN), as well as eHCC. Although considerable heterogeneity was observed at the regenerative and dysplastic stages, overall, 460 differentially expressed genes were detected between DN and eHCC. Functional analysis of the significant gene set identified the &lt;i&gt;MYC&lt;/i&gt; oncogene as a plausible driver gene for malignant conversion of the DNs. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis revealed global activation of the &lt;i&gt;MYC&lt;/i&gt; up-regulated gene set in eHCC versus dysplasia. Presence of the &lt;i&gt;MYC&lt;/i&gt; signature significantly correlated with increased expression of &lt;i&gt;CSN5&lt;/i&gt;, as well as with higher overall transcription rate of genes located in the 8q chromosome region. Furthermore, a classifier constructed from &lt;i&gt;MYC&lt;/i&gt; target genes could robustly discriminate eHCC from high-grade and low-grade DNs. In conclusion, our study identified unique expression patterns associated with the transition of high-grade DNs into eHCC and showed that activation of the &lt;i&gt;MYC&lt;/i&gt; transcription signature is strongly associated with the malignant conversion of preneoplastic liver lesions. [Cancer Res 2009;69(7):2775–82]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Light graphs with small routing cost (2002)

Abstract Let G = ({1,…, n }, E, w ) be an undirected graph with nonnegative edge weights w and let a ij be the nonnegative requirement between vertices i and j . For any spanning subgraph H of G , the weight of H is the total weight of its edges and the routing cost of H is Σ i &lt; j a ij d H ( i, j ), where d H ( i, j ) is the distance between i and j in H . In this paper, we investigated two special cases of the problem of finding a spanning subgraph with small weight and small routing cost. For the case where all the distances in G are 1, we show that the problem is NP‐complete, and give a simple approximation algorithm for it. Furthermore, we define some sufficient conditions for the problem to be polynomial‐time solvable. For the case where all the requirements are 1, we develop an algorithm for finding a spanning tree with small weight and small routing cost. The algorithm provides trade‐offs among tree weights, routing costs, and time complexity. We also extend the results to some other related problems. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Atom‐Specific Mutagenesis Reveals Structural and Catalytic Roles for an Active‐Site Adenosine and Hydrated Mg2+ in Pistol Ribozymes (2017)

Abstract The pistol RNA motif represents a new class of self‐cleaving ribozymes of yet unknown biological function. Our recent crystal structure of a pre‐catalytic state of this RNA shows guanosine G40 and adenosine A32 close to the G53–U54 cleavage site. While the N1 of G40 is within 3.4 Å of the modeled G53 2′‐OH group that attacks the scissile phosphate, thus suggesting a direct role in general acid–base catalysis, the function of A32 is less clear. We present evidence from atom‐specific mutagenesis that neither the N1 nor N3 base positions of A32 are involved in catalysis. By contrast, the ribose 2′‐OH of A32 seems crucial for the proper positioning of G40 through a H‐bond network that involves G42 as a bridging unit between A32 and G40. We also found that disruption of the inner‐sphere coordination of the active‐site Mg 2+ cation to N7 of G33 makes the ribozyme drastically slower. A mechanistic proposal is suggested, with A32 playing a structural role and hydrated Mg 2+ playing a catalytic role in cleavage.
Cloning, expression and characterization of YSA1H, a human adenosine 5′-diphosphosugar pyrophosphatase possessing a MutT motif (1999)

The human homologue of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae YSA1 protein, YSA1H, has been expressed as a thioredoxin fusion protein in Escherichia coli. It is an ADP-sugar pyrophosphatase with similar activities towards ADP-ribose and ADP-mannose. Its activities with ADP-glucose and diadenosine diphosphate were 56% and 20% of that with ADP-ribose respectively, whereas its activity towards other nucleoside 5'-diphosphosugars was typically 2-10%. cADP-ribose was not a substrate. The products of ADP-ribose hydrolysis were AMP and ribose 5-phosphate. K(m) and k(cat) values with ADP-ribose were 60 microM and 5.5 s(-1) respectively. The optimal activity was at alkaline pH (7.4-9.0) with 2.5-5 mM Mg(2+) or 100-250 microM Mn(2+) ions; fluoride was inhibitory, with an IC(50) of 20 microM. The YSA1H gene, which maps to 10p13-p14, is widely expressed in all human tissues examined, giving a 1.4 kb transcript. The 41.6 kDa fusion protein behaved as an 85 kDa dimer on gel filtration. After cleavage with enterokinase, the 24.4 kDa native protein fragment ran on SDS/PAGE with an apparent molecular mass of 33 kDa. Immunoblot analysis with a polyclonal antibody raised against the recombinant YSA1H revealed the presence of a protein of apparent molecular mass 33 kDa in various human cells, including erythrocytes. The sequence of YSA1H contains a MutT sequence signature motif. A major proposed function of the MutT motif proteins is to eliminate toxic nucleotide metabolites from the cell. Hence the function of YSA1H might be to remove free ADP-ribose arising from NAD(+) and protein-bound poly- and mono-(ADP-ribose) turnover to prevent the occurrence of non-enzymic protein glycation.
Strained-quantum-well, modulation-doped, field-effect transistor (1985)

A new modulation-doped field-effect transistor structure which employs a thin (8 nm) strained layer of In 0.25 Ga 0.75 As as the channel is described. The prototype device with a 2.9 μm gate length had a peak, room-temperature, unilluminated extrinsic transconductance of 91 mS/mm (VDS = 1 V). If device performance scaled linearly with gate length to 1 μm, as do (Al, Ga)As/GaAs, single-interface, modulation-doped FETs, this is the best room-temperature performance reported to date for an (In, Ga)As channel, modulation-doped transistor. Furthermore, the transconductance of the strained-quantum-well transistor proved to be almost constant with gate voltage, varying less than 13% over a 0.5 V range at 77 K. This will allow the fabrication of extremely linear microwave amplifiers and supports the assertion that the current conduction path is the (In, Ga)As channel.
Inhibition and Ultraviolet-Induced Chemical Modification of UDP-Glucose:(1,3)-β-Glucan (Callose) Synthase by Chlorpromazine (1992)

UDP-glucose:(1,3)-beta-glucan (callose) synthase (CS) from storage tissue of red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) was strongly inhibited by the phenothiazine drug chlorpromazine (CPZ). In the absence of ultraviolet irradiation, CPZ was a noncompetitive inhibitor with 50% inhibitory concentration values for plasma membrane and solubilized CS of 100 and 90 mum, respectively. Both the Ca(2+)- and Mg(2+)- stimulated components of CS activity were affected. CPZ inhibition was partially alleviated at saturating levels of Ca(2+), but not Mg(2+), suggesting that CPZ interferes with the Ca(2+)-binding site of CS. Binding experiments with [(14)C]CPZ, however, showed strong non-specific partitioning of CPZ into the plasma membrane, providing evidence that perturbation of the membrane environment is probably the predominant mode of inhibition. Ultraviolet irradiation at 254 nm markedly enhanced CPZ inhibition, with complete activity loss following exposure to 4 mum CPZ for 2 min. Inhibition followed a pseudo-first order mechanism with at least three CPZ binding sites per CS complex. Under these conditions, [(3)H]CPZ was covalently incorporated into plasma membrane preparations by a free radical mechanism; however, polypeptide labeling profiles showed labeling to be largely nonspecific, with many polypeptides labeled even at [(3)H]CPZ levels as low as 1 mum, and with boiled membranes. Although CPZ is one of the most potent known inhibitors of CS, its use as a photolabel will require a homogeneous CS complex or establishment of conditions that protect against the interaction of CPZ with specific binding sites located on various polypeptide components of the CS complex.
RF energy harvesting system from cell towers in 900MHz band (2011)

An experimental RF energy harvesting system to harvest energy from cell towers is presented in this paper. An electromagnetically-coupled square microstrip antenna is designed and fabricated for deployment in the presented system. Antenna gain of 9.1dB and bandwidth from 877 MHz to 998 MHz is achieved. A Schottky diode-based single stage voltage doubler and six-stage voltage doubler has also been designed and fabricated for DC voltage generation. Measured results show that a voltage of 2.78V is obtained at a distance of 10m from the cell tower and a voltage of 0.87V is obtained at a distance of 50m.
Novel Urinary Glycan Biomarkers Predict Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Multicenter Prospective Study With 5-Year Follow Up (U-CARE Study 2) (2021)

<b>Background:</b> Although various biomarkers predict cardiovascular event (CVE) in patients with diabetes, the relationship of urinary glycan profile with CVE in patients with diabetes remains unclear. <b>Methods:</b> Among 680 patients with type 2 diabetes, we examined the baseline urinary glycan signals binding to 45 lectins with different specificities. Primary outcome was defined as CVE including cardiovascular disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. <b>Results:</b> During approximately a 5-year follow-up period, 62 patients reached the endpoint. Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that urinary glycan signals binding to two lectins were significantly associated with the outcome after adjustment for known indicators of CVE and for false discovery rate, as well as increased model fitness. Hazard ratios for these lectins (+1 SD for the glycan index) were UDA (recognizing glycan: mixture of Man5 to Man9): 1.78 (95% CI: 1.24-2.55, <i>P</i> = 0.002) and Calsepa [High-Man (Man2-6)]: 1.56 (1.19-2.04, <i>P</i> = 0.001). Common glycan binding to these lectins was high-mannose type of <i>N</i>-glycans. Moreover, adding glycan index for UDA to a model including known confounders improved the outcome prediction [Difference of Harrel's C-index: 0.028 (95% CI: 0.001-0.055, <i>P</i> = 0.044), net reclassification improvement at 5-year risk increased by 0.368 (0.045-0.692, <i>P</i> = 0.026), and the Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion decreased from 725.7 to 716.5, and 761.8 to 757.2, respectively]. <b>Conclusion:</b> The urinary excretion of high-mannose glycan may be a valuable biomarker for improving prediction of CVE in patients with type 2 diabetes, and provides the rationale to explore the mechanism underlying abnormal <i>N</i>-glycosylation occurring in patients with diabetes at higher risk of CVE. <b>Trial Registration:</b> This study was registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network on June 26, 2012 (Clinical trial number: UMIN000011525, URL: https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000013482).
Decentralized access point selection architecture for wireless LANs (2004)

Wireless LANs have been widely deployed, and multiple access points (APs) are likely to become much more available for wireless stations (STAs) which can roam from one AP to another by some rule. We focus on an efficient and fair way to use the wireless access resources provided by multiple APs. In particular, our major concern is to develop a decentralized way to enable each STA to select an appropriate available AP independently. A straightforward way is to select the AP with the strongest signal; however, this is shown to need further improvement. Hence, we propose decentralized AP selection strategies to achieve an efficient and fair share of wireless access resources, and evaluate them by simulations. The results show that the proposed strategies can attain an excellent throughput performance by use of the number of active STAs sharing each AP, even if STAs employ the strategies only when entering the wireless LAN. In addition, if STAs roam from one AP to another, the total throughput and fairness can be further improved very much.
Biochemical Characterization of the Topoisomerase Domain of Methanopyrus kandleri Topoisomerase V (2014)

Topoisomerases are ubiquitous enzymes that modify the topological state of DNA inside the cell and are essential for several cellular processes. Topoisomerase V is the sole member of the type IC topoisomerase subtype. The topoisomerase domain has a unique fold among topoisomerases, and the putative active site residues show a distinct arrangement. The present study was aimed at identifying the roles of the putative active site residues in the DNA cleavage/religation process. Residues Arg-131, Arg-144, His-200, Glu-215, Lys-218, and Tyr-226 were mutated individually to a series of conservative and non-conservative amino acids, and the DNA relaxation activity at different pH values, times, and enzyme concentrations was compared with wild-type activity. The results suggest that Arg-144 is essential for protein stability because any substitution at this position was deleterious and that Arg-131 and His-200 are involved in transition state stabilization. Glu-215 reduces the DNA binding ability of topoisomerase V, especially in shorter fragments with fewer helix-hairpin-helix DNA binding motifs. Finally, Lys-218 appears to play a direct role in catalysis but not in charge stabilization of the protein-DNA intermediate complex. The results suggest that although catalytically important residues are oriented in different fashions in the active sites of type IB and type IC topoisomerases, similar amino acids play equivalent roles in both of these subtypes of enzymes, showing convergent evolution of the catalytic mechanism.
Potassium niobate single-domain crystals as piezoelectrics with low dielectric constants and high electromechanical coupling properties (2003)

Piezoelectric properties of potassium niobate (KNbO/sub 3/) crystals with the single-domain state were investigated. KNbO/sub 3/ crystals were cut, polished and sized into various shapes. The mechanical processing induced mechanical damage into the crystals. Remove of the stressed surface layers was very effective to achieve high mechanical quality factor (Q/sub m/). After this treatment, KNbO/sub 3/ crystals were poled by the 2-step poling method. As a result, the domain state was almost single-domain. Using poled KNbO/sub 3/ single-domain crystals, the piezoelectric properties with k/sub 32/ modes were measured using a conventional resonance method. As a result, the [001]/sub o/ poled KNbO/sub 3/ crystals exhibited the electromechanical coupling factor (k/sub 32/) of almost 40%, the piezoelectric constant (d/sub 32/) of almost 18.5 pC/N, the dielectric constant (/spl epsiv//sub 33/) of almost 48 and Q/sub m/ over 7,600. Thus, the KNbO/sub 3/ crystals are piezoelectrics with low dielectric constants and high electromechanical coupling properties, i.e., KNbO/sub 3/ crystal is a promising material for sensor application.
José fripiat 1923-2014 (2014)

Professor Jose J. Fripiat, the prominent scientist and teacher who contributed so much to the surface and solid state science of minerals and that of clay minerals in particular, died February 17, 2014 in Mexico City, at the age of 90. It is not too much to say that our community has lost one of the founders of modern clay science and one of the most versatile materials scientists.

Born in summer 1923, Pr. Jose J. Fripiat, graduated in 1946 from the Universite Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Belgium, in chemistry. His master thesis was on the relationship between polarisability and molecular spring constants, illustrating already his lasting interest in physical chemistry, spectroscopy and fundamental questions. Yet, it is not in a traditional university environment that he started his research career. The world was still in the final years of colonial empires and the opportunity was offered to him to join the National Institute for Agronomic Studies in what was then the Belgian Congo. We are lucky that he caught this opportunity for it is there, in one of the hotspots of tropical agronomy, that he discovered the world of soil minerals and could express for the first time his talent for scientific excellence while addressing practical problems. Understanding and improving the mechanisms of soil fertility was a challenge where, he felt, physical-chemistry would be helpful.

Back to Belgium …
Periodic mesoporous organosilica from micellar oligomer template solutionElectronic supplementary information (ESI): available: TG/DTG data. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b2/b207134g/ (2002)

Periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) with two-dimensional hexagonal symmetry was synthesised using a bridged silsesquioxane (CH3O)3Si-CH2-CH2-Si(CH3O)3 as precursor and polyoxyethylene non-ionic surfactant (Brij-56) as template. The hybrid material was characterised by X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption, TEM, and solid-state 29Si MAS NMR spectroscopy.
Ultrafast optical switching of second-harmonic generation at the C60 single-crystal surface (1996)

The switching of second-harmonic generation (SHG) at a C60 single-crystal surface has been observed in a pump-and-probe experiment. The SHG signal from a picosecond 1.17 eV laser pulse is suppressed by one order of magnitude upon illuminating the crystal surface with a 3.49 eV pump pulse. The nonlinear optical response is faster than 45 ps and persists for longer than 20 ns. SHG suppression to 1/e occurs at pump densities as low as 2.8 μJ/cm2. We suggest that nonlocalized excited electronic states determine the change in the nonlinear optical behavior.
Population-attributable risk of psychiatric disorders for suicide among adolescents and young adults in Taiwan (2022)

Our findings of high PAF from major depressive disorder, dysthymia, and sleep disorder to youth suicides suggest that youth suicide prevention that focuses on detecting and treating mental illness may usefully target these disorders.
Aranorosin, a novel antibiotic from Pseudoarachniotus roseus. II. Structure elucidation. (1988)

Aranorosin, a new antifungal antibiotic, has been isolated from the culture filtrate and mycelium of a strain of Pseudoarachniotus roseus Kuehn. The antibiotic, C23H33NO6, contains a novel 1-oxaspiro[4,5]decane ring system. The structure (I) has been elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical analysis.