gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantum Correlated Plasmons and Their Tunability in Undoped and Doped Mott-Insulator Cuprates (2019)

Plasmons, collective excitations of charge density, have attracted much interest in fundamental science and applications. While plasmons have been observed in metal-like phase of high-Tc superconductors, they have not been reported in the Mott-insulating form. Here, we report a new quantum correlated plasmons in ambipolar Y1–zLaz(Ba1–xLax)2Cu3Oy and optimal-doped YBa2Cu3O7–x using high-resolution spectroscopic ellipsometry. Interestingly, as functions of hole, electron-doping, and temperature, their dynamical loss-function and dielectric-functions exhibit formation of two plasmons at multiple ordered low- and high-photon energies due to on-site Cu3d Coulomb interaction and antibonding O2p–Cu3d. While the low-energy correlated plasmon transforms into a conventional-plasmon upon doping, the high-energy correlated plasmon remains. The intensity of these plasmons follows a mixture of singlet and triplet with decreasing temperature. Besides, their dephasing time decreases with increasing doping. Our result highlights the importance of charge-spin coupling in the correlated plasmons, which may potentially reveal a photon–electron interaction in the localized states of Mott-insulators.
Association between HLA‐B*1502 Allele and Antiepileptic Drug‐Induced Cutaneous Reactions in Han Chinese (2007)

A previous study conducted in Taiwan found a 100% association between HLA-B*1502 allele and carbamazepine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) in Han Chinese subjects, with an extremely high odds ratio compared with carbamazepine-tolerant subjects (odds ratio = 2,504). We examined this association in 24 Hong Kong Han Chinese subjects who had cutaneous adverse reactions induced by different antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). They were matched with 48 AED-tolerant controls. HLA-B*1502 was associated with severe cutaneous reactions (SCR) induced by AEDs, which included carbamazepine, phenytoin, and lamotrigine (p = 0.001, odds ratio = 17.6), but was not associated with maculopapular exanthema (MPE) (p = 0.32). Further studies in larger samples of ethnically matched subjects should be conducted to confirm the findings. Identification of genetic polymorphisms predisposing to development of AED-induced SCR offers the possibility of avoiding these high-risk drugs in genetically susceptible individuals.
Evaluation of Time Domain Propagation Measurements of UWB Systems Using Spread Spectrum Channel Sounding (2012)

Spread spectrum sounding experiments for indoor wireless channel over a frequency band spanning 2-12 GHz, which exceeds the full FCC UWB band, are reported. Experiments were carried out for directional spiral antennas in line-of-sight (LOS) and omnidirectional biconical antennas in nonline-of-sight (NLOS) environments, in the latter case with up to 15 m antenna separation. For biconical antennas, channel multipath dispersion is the main reason for the delay spreads, while for spirals, frequency-dependent delays of the antennas modify signals upon radiation and reception. A special emphasis of this work is to assess the accuracy of the measured impulse responses extracted from the received waveforms by deconvolution in a typical indoor environment. In one scheme to assess accuracy, impulse responses obtained using different spread spectrum waveforms are compared; independent measurements show excellent agreement, with correlation coefficients about 0.99. In a second assessment approach, accuracy is tested by performing time reversal experiments based on the measured channel impulse response. Correlation coefficients between experimental and theoretical time-reversal traces are on the order of 0.98, which further confirms highly accurate measurements.
Capturing Waste Heat Energy with Charge-Transfer Organic Thermoelectrics (2018)

Electrically conducting organic salts, known for over 60 years, have recently demonstrated new abilities to convert waste heat directly into electrical power via the thermoelectric effect. Multiple opportunities are emerging for new structure–property relationships and for new materials to be obtained through synthetic organic chemistry. This review highlights key aspects of this field, which is complementary to current efforts based on polymeric, nanostructured or inorganic thermoelectric materials and indicates opportunities whereby mainstream organic chemists can contribute. 1 What Are Thermoelectrics? And Why Use Them? 2 Current Organic and Hybrid Thermoelectrics 3 Unique Materials from Tetrathiotetracenes 4 Synthesis of Tetrathiotetracenes 5 Materials and Device Applications 6 Future Perspectives
Most Recent Developments for Monitoring and Controlling the Annulus Conditions of Marlim-Sul Flexible Risers (2009)

The main objective of this paper is to present the recent developments for monitoring and controlling the annulus conditions of flexible risers. Petrobras has been monitoring the pressure of permeated gas in the annulus region of some risers in order to infer the eventual occurrence of non-conformities as damage on the riser external sheath, for example. Such occurrence would affect the permeated gas flow pattern, the gas pressurization period and the relief valve opening frequencies. Furthermore, the mentioned occurrence would increase the susceptibility of the steel armors to experience the potential failure mechanism of corrosion. In Petrobras, the current monitoring method is characterized by visual and periodic manometer readings from a manometer set installed near each riser end-fitting. The data is recorded in a daily report and analyzed by personnel onshore, who are in charge of comparing data and requesting relief valve’s actuation, whenever necessary. The paper illustrates Marlim-Sul Asset experience on monitoring and data processing to control the annulus conditions of flexible risers during operation. It presents the in-house developed methodology to data management and processing. This methodology is based on a daily analysis of the permeated gas data worksheet. Some examples are given to illustrate it. The paper also summarizes current developments, in progress, in order to improve riser integrity management. The first development is being done to implement, in the future, automatic data acquisition and control systems. The purpose of automating this process is to improve methods and techniques for data acquisition, transmission and processing. The second development focuses on applications in which riser top end-fittings are submerged. In this particular scenario, a special system — with a quick connection subsea device — is under development to allow the connection, by divers, after the riser pull-in, of the riser annulus to the platform gas collecting facilities. The idea is prevent seawater ingress into the riser annulus during installation, maintenance and operational phases. Therefore, the permeated gas pressure can be monitored and the annulus behavior can be controlled from the surface. The final expectation is to improve riser integrity management, providing another source of information at low cost, helping technicians to decide whenever it is time to inspect, repair or replace a riser, preventing hydrocarbon leakage to the environment.
A soluble form of the adhesion receptor CD58 (LFA‐3) is present in human body fluids (1993)

The human adhesion receptor CD58 (LFA-3) is expressed on most human cell types. Here we report on a soluble form of CD58 (sCD58) in human serum, human urine, and culture supernatants of several cell lines. sCD58 partially purified from human serum, from supernatant of the Hodgkin cell line L428, and purified sCD58 from human urine were found to have a molecular mass of 40-70 kDa under denaturating conditions (sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting). However, gel filtration of sCD58 purified from human urine gave a molecular mass of 118-166 kDa, suggesting a noncovalent homotrimer conformation or its association with other molecules. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay specific for CD58 we found that sera from patients suffering from different forms of hepatitis contained elevated sCD58 levels (n = 108). Accordingly, there was a fivefold increase of supernatant sCD58 when the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Hep G2 was incubated with 25 ng/ml recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha in vitro. In contrast, sCD58 serum levels of 337 additional patients suffering from various other immunological disorders were not found to be raised. At high concentrations sCD58 binds to CD2-positive cells and inhibits rosette formation of human T cells to human erythrocytes. Thus, local release of large quantities of naturally occurring sCD58 may interfere with intercellular adhesion in vivo.
Deep learning-based EM inversion for reservoir monitoring (2019)

Mapping reservoir saturation from electromagnetic data via resistivity is a challenging problem for standard inversion methods. The EM inverse problem is highly non-convex and ill-posed, often requires significant pre-conditioning and regularization. In this paper we explore the use of machine-learning techniques for inversion, specifically deep learning neural networks for implementing EM-based reservoir monitoring to reconstruct variations in resistivity and therefore saturation. Modified U-Net structures with adaptive skip connections, and in 3D inversion cases a 2D contraction and 3D expansion network paths, have been developed for the purpose of training and validation where saturation models from a dynamic reservoir simulator and the corresponding EM data are used. The trained networks are then used to predict the distribution of resistivity in the reservoir based on EM responses. Results show high fidelity and robust reconstruction of resistivity and hence saturation with resolution comparable to the reservoir simulator model, significantly outperform those from a conventional least-square inversion method.
Development of a Real-Time Cell Analysis (RTCA) Method as a Fast and Accurate Method for Detecting Infectious Particles of the Adapted Strain of Hepatitis A Virus (2018)

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is one of the most common agents causing acute liver disease worldwide. HAV has been increasingly reported as the cause of foodborne disease outbreaks. The standard method currently available for detection of the genome of HAV in vulnerable foodstuffs is by RT-qPCR (ISO 15216). Despite its usefulness in the investigation of foodborne viruses, the use of RT-qPCR in food virology has been shown to overestimate the quantity of infectious virus or to highly underestimate the effect of the treatment on virus inactivation. The gold standard methods currently used for evaluating the efficacy of inactivation treatments on the adapted strain of HAV (HM175/18f) are either the plaque assay or the end-point dilution assay (TCID<sub>50</sub>). However, both assays are labor-intensive and time-consuming. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of the xCELLigence real-time cell analysis (RTCA) system for detecting the infectivity of the adapted strain of HAV. Kinetics of cell impedance showed that HAV induced a decrease in cell index (CI) correlated with the onset of HAV-induced cell death. In addition, the time to which the HAV-induced CI drop occurred was dependent on the viral concentration. An inverse linear relation could be established over a range of 5 log<sub>10</sub> between the concentration of HAV and the time to reach 50% of CI decrease (TCI<sub>50</sub>), showing that the RTCA assay could be used as a titration method for HAV. In addition, the RTCA-based assay could be performed in less than 6 days instead of 12 to 14 days with the gold standard methods. Therefore, the RTCA-based titration method is a powerful and suitable tool for high-throughput screening of anti-viral treatments. Its usefulness in HAV inactivation studies will improve the assessment of viral risk in food virology, as controlling transmission of viruses through their removal from foodstuffs is also an important challenge in reducing the burden of viral foodborne illnesses.
Galvanizing-Induced Distortion in Steel Plate Girders. I: Effects of Girder Geometry (2019)

This study investigates the distortion behavior of steel plate girders under the cumulative influence of welding and hot-dip galvanizing processes and is presented in two papers. This paper presents the results of a parametric study on the effects of girder geometry (length, depth, flange and web thickness, and stiffener placement) on distortions during hot-dip galvanizing. Nonlinear simulations were carried out using the commercial software Abaqus. It was found that girder length did not strongly affect girder distortion trends, but changes in girder depth and flange-to-web-thickness ratio did. Including stiffeners was found to offer some benefit to controlling distortion during galvanizing; however, the results also indicated that more stiffeners were not necessarily better. The results supported industry recommendations. The results of this study provide guidance to engineers, galvanizers, and fabricators to minimize steel plate girder distortion so that they can more confidently use hot-dip galvanizing to protect their bridges, and it presents a novel modeling framework that will enable significant future work in this field of study.
Transition of the ability to generate petites in theSaccharomyces/Kluyveromycescomplex (2007)

Petite-positivity - the ability to tolerate the loss of mtDNA - was examined after the treatment with ethidium bromide (EB) in over hundred isolates from the Saccharomyces/Kluyveromyces complex. The identity of petite mutants was confirmed by the loss of specific mtDNA DAPI staining patterns. Besides unequivocal petite-positive and petite-negative phenotypes, a few species exhibited temperature sensitive petite positive phenotype and petiteness of a few other species could be observed only at the elevated EB concentrations. Several yeast species displayed a mixed 'moot' phenotype, where a major part of the population did not tolerate the loss of mtDNA but several cells did. The genera from postwhole-genome duplication lineages (Saccharomyces, Kazachstania, Naumovia, Nakaseomyces) were invariably petite-positive. However, petite-positive traits could also be observed among the prewhole-genome duplication species.
Synthesis of sulfur-containing analogs of bestatin. Inhibition of aminopeptidases by .alpha.-thiolbestatin analogs (1988)

Sulfur-containing amino acid and peptide analogues of bestatin [((2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-butanoyl)-L-leucine] (1) have been synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of aminopeptidase M (AP-M), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and aminopeptidase B (AP-B). The 2-thiolbestatin analogue (6) was found to be a potent inhibitor of all three aminopeptidases (AP-M, Ki = 4.4 microM; LAP, Ki = 0.55 microM; AP-B, Ki = 4.6 nM) but only a slightly better inhibitor of these aminopeptidases than the parent hydroxy-containing compound 1. Synthetic analogues of L-leucinethiol(4), a strong inhibitor of aminopeptidases, were prepared in which the carbon alpha to the thiol groups was substituted with methyl, methyl carboxylate, and carboxamide derivatives and found to be much weaker inhibitors of all aminopeptidases. A thioamide analogue of bestatin (49) is a modest inhibitor of AP-M (Ki = 40 microM), LAP (Ki = 0.33 microM), and AP-B (Ki = 2.4 microM). These results suggest that the sulfur atoms in 2-thiolbestatin and bestatin thioamide do not interact strongly with the active-site zinc atom of these aminopeptidases when the inhibitors are bound to the enzyme. These results are not consistent with proposed models for the inhibition of aminopeptidases by bestatin and related analogues.
The Vienna Functional Electrical Stimulation System for Restoration of Walking Functions in Spastic Paraplegia (2002)

An eight-channel stimulation system, currently intended for stimulation of lower extremities, was developed and is introduced. The major development goals were easy handling, modularity to make the system easily adaptable for other functional electrical stimulation (FES) applications, and a wide stimulation parameter range for application-specific parameter optimization. For paraplegic stepping, the system worn by the patient consists of 2 four-channel stimulation modules, a central unit holding the battery and circuitry for power management and communication control, a wireless remote control unit, and a palmtop computer as the main control and input device. A software package for Microsoft Windows supports the design and optimization of stimulation sequences in the rehabilitation center. First tests with patients familiar with FES showed smoother movements during stepping and acceptable good handling. In combination with the PC software, the required stimulation sequences could be created in a very short time.
Common Synaptic Input, Synergies, and Size Principle: Control of Spinal Motor Neurons for Movement Generation (2022)

Understanding how movement is controlled by the central nervous system remains a major challenge, with ongoing debate about basic features underlying this control. In this review, we introduce a new conceptual framework for the distribution of common input to spinal motor neurons. Specifically, this framework is based on the following assumptions: 1) motor neurons are grouped into functional groups (clusters) based on the common inputs they receive; 2) clusters may significantly differ from the classical definition of motor neuron pools, such that they may span across muscles and/or involve only a portion of a muscle; 3) clusters represent functional modules used by the central nervous system to reduce the dimensionality of the control; and 4) selective volitional control of single motor neurons within a cluster receiving common inputs cannot be achieved. We discuss this framework and its underlying theoretical and experimental evidence.
Penetration of Brain and Brain Tumors by Intravascular Injection of Alkylating Agents. IV (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPenetration of Brain and Brain Tumors by Intravascular Injection of Alkylating Agents. IVAlbert H. Soloway, Emery. Nyilas, Raymond N. Kjellberg, and Vernon H. MarkCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1962, 5, 6, 1371–1376Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm01241a032https://doi.org/10.1021/jm01241a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views48Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Comparison of Charged Particle Tracking Methods for Non-Uniform Magnetic Fields (2011)

Five particle tracking methods are compared for their ability to determine trajectory and conserve energy. The trajectory integrators include: the Boris particle tracking method (a widely used method for charged particles), the classical fourth order Runge-Kutta (a ubiquitous high order integrator), Stormer-Verlet as a partitioned Runge-Kutta (a second order symplectic integrator), fourth order Gauss Runge-Kutta (a fourth order symplectic integrator), and Wirz's modied Boris method (a new particle tracker constructed to handle large magnetic gradients). In general, it is the goal of this study to compare the symplectic integrators with the classical methods, as well as benchmark the Wirz's algorithm against these proven particle trackers. The symplectic integrators control their overall energy error, but at the cost of being implicit, where as the classical \Newtonian methods are explicit but slowly accumulate errors in energy over time. Wirz's modied Boris is shown to strike the balance between the two classes with explicit implementation and conservation of total energy.
POWER and PowerPC (1994)

Foreword Preface 1 Modern Computer Design Concepts 1.1 Introduction 1.2 RISC Architectures 1.3 An Introduction to Pipelining 1.4 Beyond Simple Pipelines 1.5 Instruction Scheduling 1.6 Modern Computer Systems 1.7 POWER and PowerPC: The Big Picture 1.8 The Rest of the Book 1.9 References 2 POWER Architecture 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Instruction Set Basics 2.3 Fixed-Point Unit 2.4 Branch Unit 2.5 Floating-Point Unit 2.6 Virtual Address Generation and Translation 2.7 Protection 2.8 References 3 POWER1 Implementation: Pipelines 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Pipelined Structure of the CPU 3.3 Branch Unit 3.4 Fixed-Point Unit 3.5 Floating-Point Unit 3.6 References 4 POWER1 Implementation 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Solving the Branch Problems 4.3 Branches in the POWER1 4.4 Precise Interrupts 4.5 Interrupts in POWER1 4.6 References 5 POWER1 Implementation: Cache Memories 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Cache Memory Overview 5.3 POWER1 Instruction Cache 5.4 POWER1 Data Cache 5.5 References 6 POWER2: The Next Generation 6.1 Introduction 6.2 POWER Architecture Extensions 6.3 Pipeline Overview 6.4 Branch Unit 6.5 Fixed-Point Unit 6.6 Floating-Point Unit 6.7 Instruction Cache 6.8 Data Cache 6.9 Summary 6.10 References 7 PowerPC Architecture 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Fixed-Point Unit 7.3 Branch Unit 7.4 Floating-Point Unit 7.5 Virtual Address Generation and Translation 7.6 PowerPC versus POWER: Simplification 7.7 PowerPC versus POWER: Extensions 7.8 Summary and Conclusions 7.9 References 8 PowerPC 601 Implementation 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Pipelines 8.3 Branch Processing 8.4 Cache Memory 8.5 PowerPC 601 and POWER1 Implementations 8.6 Summary and Conclusions 8.7 References 9 PowerPC: Support for Multiprocessing 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Architectural Support for Multiprocessing 9.3 Memory Ordering 9.4 Cache Coherence 9.5 Higher-Level Caches 9.6 Cache and Lookaside Buffer Management 9.7 References 10 System Organization 10.1 Introduction 10.2 PowerPC Personal Computers 10.3 PowerPC Multiprocessor Systems 10.4 RS/6000 Workstation Overview 10.5 RS/6000 Main memory 10.6 RS/6000 Input/Output System 10.7 RS/6000 Clustered Multicomputers 10.8 Summary 10.9 References 11 PowerPC 601 and Alpha 21064 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Implementation Overview 11.3 Architecture Comparison 11.4 Summary 11.5 References A IEEE 754 Floating-Point Standard A.1 Floating-Point Numbers A.2 Floating-Point Exceptions B POWER Instruction Format C POWER Instruction Set Sorted by Mnemonic D PowerPC Instruction Formats E PowerPC Instruction Set Sorted by Mnemonic F Cross Reference for Changed POWER Mnemonics Bibliography Index