gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment of experimentally induced trichinosis in dogs and cats (1993)

Studies were undertaken to determine the efficacy of milbemycin oxime against the enteric adult stages of Trichinella spiralis and of albendazole against the muscle stage larvae in experimentally infected dogs and cats. Specific-pathogen-free Beagle pups (n = 6) and domestic shorthair kittens (n = 6) were inoculated with 7,500 first-stage larvae of Trichinella spiralis. Physical examination (including collection of blood and fecal samples) was performed weekly. During the first week after inoculation, all animals had mild gastrointestinal tract disturbances, but stages of T spiralis were not observed in the feces. Beginning on postinoculation day (PID) 10, 3 pups and 3 kittens were treated with milbemycin oxime (1.25 mg/kg of body weight, PO, q 12 h) for 10 days. Muscle biopsy specimens were taken from dogs and cats on PID 26 and 29, respectively. Mean numbers of larvae per gram of muscle were 30.3 in the control and 37.7 in the treated dogs. Mean numbers of larvae per gram of muscle in the control and treated cats were 318.7 and 89.3, respectively. Two dogs and 2 cats were removed from the study at that time. The remaining animals, 2 each of the control and milbemycin oxime-treated animals, were given albendazole (50 mg/kg, PO, q 12 h) for 7 days starting at PID 31 and 34 in dogs and cats, respectively. Muscle biopsy specimens were again taken at PID 46 and 49, for dogs and cats, respectively; mean numbers of larvae recovered from muscle were 0.6 for dogs and 13.5 for cats.
Optical illustration of a varied fractional Fourier-transform order and the Radon–Wigner display (1996)

Based on an all-optical system, a display of a fractional Fourier transform with many fractional orders is proposed. Because digital image-processing terminology is used, this display is known as the Radon-Wigner transform. It enables new aspects for signal analysis that are related to time- and spatial-frequency analyses. The given approach for producing this display starts with a one-dimensional input signal although the output signal contains two dimensions. The optical setup for obtaining the fractional Fourier transform was adapted to include only fixed free-space propagation distances and variable lenses. With a set of two multifacet composite holograms, the Radon-Wigner display has been demonstrated experimentally.
Gene Expression, Fiber Type, and Strength Are Similar Between Left and Right Legs in Older Adults (2007)

Methodological issues relevant to studies using microarrays and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in human aging have rarely been evaluated. Because aging may accentuate biological differences between muscles, we compared transcriptome expression patterns, targeted messenger RNA (mRNA) abundance, strength, and muscle fiber type in the right and left legs of older adults. Muscle biopsies were taken from each Vastus lateralis in eight older (71 +/- 2 years) men, and isometric strength was determined. Samples were analyzed using an Affymetrix gene array, ATPase histochemistry, and RT-PCR for mRNA species involved in metabolism, apoptosis, vascular growth, and antioxidant status. Microarray analysis found that 31 of 5499 genes (0.6%) were significantly different between legs (negative log of the p value [NLOGP] >/= 2.0, but fold < 1.5), with only one gene, jumonji domain containing 1C (JMJD1C), being significantly different by >/= 1.50-fold. None of the mRNA species, or muscle fiber type, size, or strength, was different between legs. These findings are important for the design and analysis of studies using muscle data in older adults.
Shear Modulus of Monolayer Graphene Prepared by Chemical Vapor Deposition (2012)

We report shear modulus (G) and internal friction (Q(-1)) measurements of large-area monolayer graphene films grown by chemical vapor deposition on copper foil and transferred onto high-Q silicon mechanical oscillators. The shear modulus, extracted from a resonance frequency shift at 0.4 K where the apparatus is most sensitive, averages 280 GPa. This is five times larger than those of the multilayered graphene-based films measured previously. The internal friction is unmeasurable within the sensitivity of our experiment and thus bounded above by Q(-1) ≤ 3 × 10(-5), which is orders-of-magnitude smaller than that of multilayered graphene-based films. Neither annealing nor interface modification has a measurable effect on G or Q(-1). Our results on G are consistent with recent theoretical evaluations and simulations carried out in this work, showing that the shear restoring force transitions from interlayer to intralayer interactions as the film thickness approaches one monolayer.
Feature-based Correlation and Topological Similarity for Interbeat Interval Estimation using Ultra-Wideband Radar (2015)

The objectives of this paper are to propose a method that can accurately estimate the human heart rate (HR) using an ultrawideband (UWB) radar system, and to determine the performance of the proposed method through measurements. The proposed method uses the feature points of a radar signal to estimate the HR efficiently and accurately. Fourier- and periodicity-based methods are inappropriate for estimation of instantaneous HRs in real time because heartbeat waveforms are highly variable, even within the beat-to-beat interval. We define six radar waveform features that enable correlation processing to be performed quickly and accurately. In addition, we propose a feature topology signal that is generated from a feature sequence without using amplitude information. This feature topology signal is used to find unreliable feature points, and thus, to suppress inaccurate HR estimates. Measurements were taken using UWB radar, while simultaneously performing electrocardiography measurements in an experiment that was conducted on nine participants. The proposed method achieved an average root-mean-square error in the interbeat interval of 7.17 ms for the nine participants. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method. The significance of this study for biomedical research is that the proposed method will be useful in the realization of a remote vital signs monitoring system that enables accurate estimation of HR variability, which has been used in various clinical settings for the treatment of conditions such as diabetes and arterial hypertension.
Time-triggered static schedulable dataflows for multimedia systems (2009)

Software-based reactive multimedia computation systems are pervasive today in desktops but also in mobile and ultra-portable devices. Most such systems offer a callback-based architecture to incorporate specific stream processing. The Synchronous Data flow model (SDF) and its variants are appropriate for many continuous stream processing problems such as the ones involving video and audio. SDF allows for static scheduling of multi-rate processing graphs therefore enabling optimal run-time efficiency. But the SDF abstraction does not adapt well to real-time processing because it lacks the notion of time: executing non-trivial schedules of multi-rate data flows in a time-triggered callback architecture, though possible through buffering, causes jitter, excessive latency and run-time inefficiencies. In this paper we formally describe a new Time-Triggered SDF (TTSDF) model with a static scheduling algorithm that produces periodic schedules than can be split among several callback activations, solving the above-mentioned problems. The model has the same expressiveness than SDF, in the sense that any graph computable by one model will also be computable by the other. Additionally, it enables parallelization and run time load balancing between callback activations.
Theory and Application of Multispectral Fluorescence Tomography (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Fluorescence Molecular Tomography (FMT) Spectral Tomography Multitarget Detection and Separation Conclusions References
Thickness and growth temperature dependence of structure and magnetism in FePt thin films (2003)

We describe structural and magnetic measurements of polycrystalline, L10 chemically ordered Fe(55–60)Pt(45–40) films as a function of film thickness (from 3 to 13 nm) and growth temperature (270–370 °C). With increasing film thickness, the coercivity increases from about 1 kOe up to 11 kOe (growth at 400 °C), while for increasing growth temperature, the coercivity grows from 0.2 to 6 kOe for 4.3 nm thick films and 1.6 to 10 kOe for 8.5 nm thick films. There is a strong, nearly linear correlation between coercivity and the extent of L10 chemical order. In all the films there is a mixture of L10 and chemically disordered, fcc phases. The grain size in the L10 phase increases with both film thickness and growth temperature (increasing chemical order), while in the fcc phase the grain size remains nearly constant and is smaller than in the L10 phase. The films all contain twins and stacking faults. The relationship between the coercivity and the film structure is discussed and we give a possible mechanism for the lack of chemical order in the very thin films (lack of nucleation sites for the L10 phase).
Sensitivity Analysis of a Three-Dimensional Wind Tunnel Design (2006)

The present paper describes the design of the TreadPort Adaptive Wind Tunnel (TPAWT), which is a wind tunnel retrofit to the University of Utah Treadport Virtual Environment (VE). The TPAWT integrates haptic wind sensation with the preexisting VE, which includes a large tilting treadmill and a cave-like frontal visual display. Desired flow patterns at the center of the TPAWT (where the VE user stands) are generated by appropriately steering the inlet airstream from two sets of vents embedded in the side walls of the facility. Hypothetically, the addition of haptic wind sensation in the virtual environment will improve the sense of immersion in the virtual reality. The present study focuses on quantifying the sensitivity of the flow field inside the TPAWT to perturbations in boundary conditions at the vents. Results from three-dimensional and two-dimensional numerical simulations are compared to laboratory experiments in a 1:4 scale model of the TPAWT. The stability of the flow near the VE user is shown to be highly sensitive to the angle of the mean flow at the vent boundary.
Defending a Target Area With a Slower Defender (2022)

The target defense game is an abstraction of the counter-UAV mission, where a defender intends to intercept an invading drone before it enters a target area. While most studies on target defense games assume the defender travels faster, defending a target area with a slower defender is a less studied yet challenging problem, because capture cannot be guaranteed. This letter identifies two special cases where the defender has a chance to win, where the game region is bounded and where the target area is small. In the former case, the defender traps the invader at the corner. In the latter case, the defender delays the entering permanently by rotating around the target area at a sufficiently large angular speed. In both games, the optimal trajectory has a two-stage structure. Exploiting this feature, a novel method is proposed to solve for the barrier, which gives guidelines on how to deploy the defenders to ensure the target area been protected.
A review of carbon-based and non-carbon-based catalyst supports for the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide (2018)

Various types of carbon-based and non-carbon-based catalyst supports for nitric oxide (NO) removal through selective catalytic reduction (SCR) with ammonia are examined in this review. A number of carbon-based materials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), activated carbon (AC), and graphene (GR) and non-carbon-based materials, such as Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 (ZSM-5), TiO<sub>2</sub>, and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> supported materials, were identified as the most up-to-date and recently used catalysts for the removal of NO gas. The main focus of this review is the study of catalyst preparation methods, as this is highly correlated to the behaviour of NO removal. The general mechanisms involved in the system, the Langmuir-Hinshelwood or Eley-Riedeal mechanism, are also discussed. Characterisation analysis affecting the surface and chemical structure of the catalyst is also detailed in this work. Finally, a few major conclusions are drawn and future directions for work on the advancement of the SCR-NH<sub>3</sub> catalyst are suggested.
Shedding light on the optical properties of spider silk fiber (2015)

Optical characterisation of a Nephila edulis spider dragline silk is performed. The silk fiber transmits light up to 1400 nm with a propagation loss of ~9 dB/cm and birefringence of 8×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> measured at 1302 nm.
Distinct Effects of IL-18 on the Engraftment and Function of Human Effector CD8+ T Cells and Regulatory T Cells (2008)

IL-18 has pleotropic effects on the activation of T cells during antigen presentation. We investigated the effects of human IL-18 on the engraftment and function of human T cell subsets in xenograft mouse models. IL-18 enhanced the engraftment of human CD8(+) effector T cells and promoted the development of xenogeneic graft versus host disease (GVHD). In marked contrast, IL-18 had reciprocal effects on the engraftment of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the xenografted mice. Adoptive transfer experiments indicated that IL-18 prevented the suppressive effects of Tregs on the development of xenogeneic GVHD. The IL-18 results were robust as they were observed in two different mouse strains. In addition, the effects of IL-18 were systemic as IL-18 promoted engraftment and persistence of human effector T cells and decreased Tregs in peripheral blood, peritoneal cavity, spleen and liver. In vitro experiments indicated that the expression of the IL-18Ralpha was induced on both CD4 and CD8 effector T cells and Tregs, and that the duration of expression was less sustained on Tregs. These preclinical data suggest that human IL-18 may have use as an adjuvant for immune reconstitution after cytotoxic therapies, and to augment adoptive immunotherapy, donor leukocyte infusions, and vaccine strategies.
Novel targets for valproic acid: up‐regulation of melatonin receptors and neurotrophic factors in C6 glioma cells (2005)

Valproic acid (VPA) is a potent anti-epileptic and effective mood stabilizer. It is known that VPA enhances central GABAergic activity and activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK-ERK) pathway. It can also inhibit various isoforms of the enzyme, histone deacetylase (HDAC), which is associated with modulation of gene transcription. Recent in vivo studies indicate a neuroprotective role for VPA, which has been found to up-regulate the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the rat brain. Given the interaction between the pineal hormone, melatonin, and GABAergic systems in the central nervous system, the effects of VPA on the expression of the mammalian melatonin receptor subtypes, MT1 and MT2, were examined in rat C6 glioma cells. The effects of VPA on the expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and BDNF were also examined. RT-PCR studies revealed a significant induction of melatonin MT1 receptor mRNA in C6 cells following treatment with 3 or 5 mm VPA for 24 h or 5 mm VPA for 48 h. Western analysis and immunocytochemical detection confirmed that the VPA-induced increase in MT1 mRNA results in up-regulation of MT1 protein expression. Blockade of the MAPK-ERK pathway by PD98059 enhanced the effect of VPA on MT1 expression, suggesting a negative role for this pathway in MT1 receptor regulation. In addition, significant increases in BDNF, GDNF and HDAC mRNA expression were observed after treatment with VPA for 24 or 48 h. Taken together, the present findings suggest that the neuroprotective properties of VPA involve modulation of neurotrophic factors and receptors for melatonin, which is also thought to play a role in neuroprotection. Moreover, the foregoing suggests that combinations of VPA and melatonin could provide novel therapeutic strategies in neurological and psychiatric disorders.
Intensity Correlations in Quantum Cascade Laser Harmonic Frequency Combs (2022)

A novel study on harmonic frequency combs emitted by quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) is presented here, demonstrating the presence of intensity correlations between twin modes characterizing the emission spectra. These originate from a four‐wave mixing process driven by the active medium's third‐order nonlinearity. The study of such correlations is essential for the engineering of a new generation of semiconductor devices with the potential of becoming integrated emitters of light with quantum properties, such as squeezing and entanglement. Starting from experimental results, the limits of state‐of‐the‐art technology are discussed as well as the possible methodologies that could lead to the detection of nonclassical phenomena, or alternatively improve the design of QCLs, in the compelling perspective of generating quantum correlations in mid‐infrared light.
99mTc-DTPA-bis-c(RGDfK) a potential alpha(v)beta3 integrin based homobivalent radioligand for imaging neoangiogenesis in malignant glioma and melanoma (2015)

A new<sup>99m</sup>Tc-labeled bivalent DTPA-bis-c(RGDfK) conjugate has been developed and successfully synthesized. Promising results have been obtained for its preclinical evaluation on human glioma and melanoma tumor expressing α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub>targets.
Carcinoma oral de células escamosas alrededor de los implantes dentales (2007)

Existe amplia documentacion de que el carcinoma oral de celulas escamosas (COCE) esta relacionado confactores de riesgo como el tabaquismo y el consumo de alcohol ademas de lesiones premalignas y condiciones como la leucoplasia, el liquen plano oral (LPO) y neoplasias previas del sistema respiratorio superior y tracto digestivo. Son raras las publicaciones sobre implantes osteointegrados en asociacion con el COCE. Este articulo presenta a 2 casos de COCE adyacentes a implantes dentales en pacientes con riesgo de cancer oral (uno presentaba tabaquismo intenso con LPO, y el otro presentaba una historia de cancer previo oral y de colon). Se recogieron seis casos mas en la bibliografia con neoplasias adyacentes a implantes dentales; la mayoria de los casos presentaban al menos un factor de riesgo reconocido. Aunque estos casos rara vez se publican, en los pacientes con riesgo de cancer, especialmente aquellos que tienen multiples factores de riesgo, y que se presentan con implantes dentales fallidos, se deben de evaluar exhaustivamente para descartar la presencia de una neoplasia disfrazada de enfermedad perimplante.
Consumer Acceptance and Phytonutrient Assessment of Cold Hardy, Locally Grown Plums (2018)

Prunus salicina, Japanese plums, and Prunus domestica, European plums, are naturally rich in fiber, minerals, vitamins and phytonutrients. Consuming plums can increase overall fruit intake and can be incorporated into part of a healthy diet. Through local plum production, harvesting can be completed without the need for cross-country shipping, which can increase overall acceptability and nutritional quality of the fruit. Furthermore, the increase in local production can help to boost Maine’s economy and creates a market for new plum product production. The first objective of this study was to determine consumer acceptance of locally grown plum cultivars at a tree-ripened stage. Sensory testing was conducted in the Sensory Evaluation Center at the University of Maine on plum cultivars harvested at Highmoor Farm in Monmouth, ME. The highest rated cultivar for ‘overall’ acceptability was the Japanese plum, Oblinya, with an average rating of 7.27±1.42. Toka, Kahinta and Superior also had high ‘overall’ acceptability scores with average ratings of, 6.98±1.4, 6.97±1.55 and 6.9±1.37, respectively. European varieties Early Italian and Caselton also had high ‘overall’ acceptability ratings at 6.98±1.46 and 6.76±1.35, respectively. In a similar consumer study, fruit was believed to be accepted among consumers with likeness ratings of >5.0. All cultivars tested in this study outperformed this value. The second objective of this study was to evaluate phytonutrient content of the plum cultivars. Phytochemical constituents were extracted using 80% acidified methanol for twelve locally grown plum cultivars at a tree-ripened stage. Total monomeric anthocyanin, total phenolics, and free radical scavenging ability was measured on the cultivars. The European plum Caselton had the highest anthocyanin content (1242.83±14.05mg /100 g.) Toka had the greatest antioxidant capacity, demonstrating 50% inhibition of the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (1.28±0.14 mg/mL.) Toka also had the highest total phenolic content (1006.04±21.88 mg/ 100g.) Statistically significant differences were found between Japanese and European varieties for total phenolic content and free radical scavenging ability, with Japanese cultivars having higher values in both categories. Cold-hardy plum cultivars that can be produced in Maine were successfully cultivated and were widely accepted among consumers. Producing plums that are well liked by consumers provides a new agricultural sector for Maine’s farmers, in turn boosting local economies and creating a new market for processed plum products. The evaluation of consumer acceptance and bioanalysis of plum cultivars establishes a deeper understanding of novel, tasty, and healthy plums for producers to incorporate into their production programs. This study fills the gap in knowledge of cold-hardy cultivars, and demonstrates that tree-ripened cultivars Oblinya, Toka, Kahinta, Superior and Early Italian all have favorable marketing potential for tree-fruit farmers in Maine.
Parameterized SPICE subcircuits for submicron multilevel interconnect modeling (2003)

A parameterized interconnect modeling system which provides VLSI designers with a direct link between finite-difference 2-D/3-D capacitance simulators and SPICE simulators is described. In this way, both the device modeling and the interconnect modeling are parameterized, and the time needed to generate SPICE inputs is estimated to decrease by two or three orders of magnitude with this approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>