gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multitarget Tracking Using One Time Step Lagged Delta-Generalized Labeled Multi-Bernoulli Smoothing (2020)

Aiming at improving the tracking performance of the delta-generalized labeled multi-Bernoulli (δ-GLMB) filter, we present a one time step lagged δ-GLMB smoother in this work, which also inherently outputs targets trajectories and differs from the Probability hypothesis density (PHD), Multi-Bernoulli (MB), and Cardinalized probability hypothesis density (CPHD) smoothers that are incapable of generating target trajectories directly. Under the standard multitarget measurement likelihood and state transition kernel, we show that a δ-GLMB distributed multitarget filtering density would result in a same distributed one time step lagged multitarget smoothing density. An efficient implementation of the proposed smoothing algorithm using the standard ranked assignment technique is also given. Numerical results show that the proposed smoother is capable of tracking a time-varying number of targets, in the presence of measurement origin uncertainty, target detection uncertainty, and clutter, and show that the proposed smoother outperforms the δ-GLMB filter, and the PHD, MB, and CPHD smoothers of the same time lag on both the estimates of target number and state and it also outperforms the LMB and the approximated δ-GLMB smoothers of the same time lag on target number estimate.
Dynamics of photoexcited carriers in AlxGa1−xN/GaN double heterostructures (1997)

We present results of a time-resolved photoluminescence study of the dynamics of photoexcited carriers in AlxGa1−xN/GaN double heterostructures (DHs). The carrier dynamics including generation, diffusion, spontaneous recombination, and nonradiative relaxation were studied by examining the time decay of photoluminescence associated with the spontaneous recombination from the samples. The temporal evolution of the luminescence from the GaN active layers of the DH samples was found to be governed by a carrier–diffusion dominated capture process. The determination of the capture time for the carriers drift and diffusion into the GaN active region, in addition to the effective lifetimes of the spontaneous recombination for carriers in the AlGaN cladding layers and the GaN active region, allows an estimation of the diffusion constants for the minority carriers in the AlxGa1−xN cladding layers of the DHs. Our results yield a diffusion constant of 2.6 cm2/s for Al0.03Ga0.97N and 1.5 cm2/s for Al0.1Ga0.9N at 10 K.
Timed Up-And-Go Scores are Associated with Balance but not Lower-Extremity Force Production in Elderly Skilled Nursing Facility Patients (2012)

Aging is associated with numerous deleterious muscular, skeletal, and neurologic adaptations that may result in functional performance decrements. These decrements are accelerated during periods of unplanned physical inactivity (e.g. hospitalization). Reductions in gait velocity are well documented in the elderly and may result from fear of falling, poor balance, or inability to accelerate because of reduced ground reaction force capabilities. Purpose: To determine if timed up-and-go scores were related to balance or lower extremity force production in skilled nursing facility patients. Methods: Data were collected on 40 patients (77.1±1.4y; 164.2±1.7cm; 75.3±3.3 kg) in an inpatient skilled nursing facility. The 15 males and 25 female patients had a mini mental exam score of >20, and provided informed consent. Each patient completed a timed up-and-go (TUG) test where they stood from a 40cm chair and walked 3 meters before circling a cone and returning to the chair. Total time from the initiation of movement until patients regained the seated position was recorded and used for analysis. The Berg Balance Test was also completed by each patient; only composite scores were used for comparison. Manual muscle tests were completed on the hip, knee, and ankle using a hand-held dynamometer that provided isometric peak force. Isometric force tests were completed for hip flexion (HF), hip abduction (HA), knee extension (KE), knee flexion (KF), plantar flexion (PF), and dorsi-flexion (DF). Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated between TUG and Berg composite score and isometric force production at each joint. A multiple regression model was determined using backward elimination. For each comparison, an alpha of p<0.05 was used to determine statistical significance. Results: Independently, TUG times were significantly associated with Berg (r=-0.61; p <0.001), but not age (r=0.24), height (r=0.22), weight (r=0.00), or force production in HF (r=-0.04), HA (r=0.06), KE (r=0.07), KF (r=0.07), DF (r=0.07), or PF (r=-0.11). The final multiple regression model derived via backward elimination explained 53% of the variance in TUG (r=-0.74) and included Berg (p<0.001), HA (p=0.001) and KF (p=0.02) scores. Conclusions: These data suggest that decrements in gait performance with an agility component (TUG) are associated with balance, but poorly associated with single-joint measurements of lower extremity force production. Experimental studies are needed to determine if therapeutic interventions improving balance result in improved gait performance or if multi-joint force production tests better predict gait velocity.
DIA and Spectronaut: comprehensive and precise proteome profiling (2015)

Introduction In recent years the proteome coverage using shotgun proteomics has steadily increased. Low complex proteomes, such as the E. coli or yeast proteomes, can be measured almost completely in a single LC-MS measurement. For relative quantitation, the label free approach has recently gained in popularity mainly due to its simplicity. However, this approach has been limited by the semi-stochastic nature of shotgun proteomics which leads to a large number of missing values, especially if many conditions are measured. Even though MS1 alignment attenuates the missing value problem, it is difficult to control the reliability of identification with this approach. Further, low intensity signals in MS1 often show interferences which lowers the precision of relative quantitation. Data independent acquisition (DIA) has promised to solve the missing value problem. By using wide precursor windows, DIA consistently measures all precursors that are above the limit of detection. For DIA data analysis we have developed the Spectronaut software. Using Spectronaut, we get more identifications in a single LC-MS measurement as compared to shotgun proteomics. Further, this approach resulted in quasi gap-free quantitation matrices without alignment and higher precision of quantitation as compared to shotgun proteomics.
<title>Spatial scanning time-domain electromagnetic sensor: high spatial and time resolution signatures from metal targets and low-metal content land mines</title> (2002)

This paper describes a spatial scanning time-domain electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensor and presents results from recent field experiments with buried metal and low-metal content (LMC) anti-personnel (AP) and anti-tank (AT) plastic-cased land mines. The EMI sensor is an modified version of the Electromagnetic Target Discriminator (ETD) sensor developed for the US Army CECOM/NVSED by the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. The spatial scanning ETD sensor has demonstrated the ability to measure metal target decay times starting approximately 6 ms after the transmitter current is turned off and with metal target decay time constants as short as 1 ms. The sensor antenna sweeps 80 cm over a target area and makes time-decay measurements at 14.5 mm intervals. In addition to metal target signatures, the paper describes coincident void and metal signatures from LMC land mines. The detection of coincident void and metal signatures is shown to be an important classification technique for LMC land mines.
New approach for the management of citrus nurseries in caribbean heavy rainfall tropical areas. A case study at Cirad-Flhor Martinique (2001)

Since the mid-1990's, Martinique's Phytosanitary status was modified, as in most other territories of the Caribbean, by the natural spread of the Citrus Tristeza Virus. Furthermore, new exotic diseases to the region such as Huanglongbing, Citrus Canker or Citrus Variegated Chlorosis, represent a potential risk for the local citrus industry. Within this context, the CIRAD-FLHOR Martinique experimental station has developed a new system of small sheltered container-grown nursery units, aiming to (i) rationalize the various steps of budwood amplification and disease-free grafted tree production (ii) promote the propagation of certified disease-free nursery plants at the lowest possible cost. The concept is based on the utilization of SRA-Corsica INRA/CIRAD budwood for nuclear stock material which secures phytosanitary and pomological guarantees, and on improved nursery techniques that have been experimented locally i.e. rooting mixes, container platforms, plastic-covered houses, etc. providing vigorous growth before and after grafting. Citrus nurserymen are informed of such new techniques and may receive specific training within regional networks such as the IACNET. This updated technology including phytosanitary preventive measures as well as various management tools will be presented.
Endogenous APP derivatives oppositely modulate apoptosis through an autocrine loop (2000)

We have recently shown that, in rat cerebellar granule cells, apoptosis triggered by KCl deprivation is associated with an amyloidogenic shift in the processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) resulting in an increase of amyloid beta-protein (A beta) secretion. To further investigate this issue we studied the relationship between secretion of APP metabolites (A beta, APPs) and neuronal degeneration. We postulated that the endogenous products of the APP metabolism may modulate neuronal survival by an autocrine loop. Treatment of cerebellar granule cells with various antibodies raised against different epitopes of APPs and A beta oppositely modulates low potassium apoptotic cell death. Antibodies specific for the N-terminal of A beta (4G8, 6E10, R3659) increased neuronal survival by 30% over controls. On the contrary, treatment of cultures undergoing apoptosis with the monoclonal antibody 22C11 directed against the APP N-terminus reduced neuronal survival by 53%, suggesting that endogenous alpha-APPs contribute to neuronal survival. Moreover low KCl culture medium, conditioned by cerebellar granule cells, attenuated the apoptotic process. This anti-apoptotic effect was abolished by removal of APPs from the conditioned medium. Western blotting of APPs removed from the conditioned medium confirmed the presence of alpha-APPs. These data indicate that APP cleavage products oppositely modulate neuronal survival through an autocrine loop and further strengthen an Alzheimer's disease pathogenetic scheme based on altered metabolism of APP.
SHARP User Manual (2016)

SHARP is an advanced modeling and simulation toolkit for the analysis of nuclear reactors. It is comprised of several components including physical modeling tools, tools to integrate the physics codes for multi-physics analyses, and a set of tools to couple the codes within the MOAB framework. Physics modules currently include the neutronics code PROTEUS, the thermal-hydraulics code Nek5000, and the structural mechanics code Diablo. This manual focuses on performing multi-physics calculations with the SHARP ToolKit. Manuals for the three individual physics modules are available with the SHARP distribution to help the user to either carry out the primary multi-physics calculation with basic knowledge or perform further advanced development with in-depth knowledge of these codes. This manual provides step-by-step instructions on employing SHARP, including how to download and install the code, how to build the drivers for a test case, how to perform a calculation and how to visualize the results. Since SHARP has some specific library and environment dependencies, it is highly recommended that the user read this manual prior to installing SHARP. Verification tests cases are included to check proper installation of each module. It is suggested that the new user should first follow the step-by-step instructions provided for a test problem in this manual to understand the basic procedure of using SHARP before using SHARP for his/her own analysis. Both reference output and scripts are provided along with the test cases in order to verify correct installation and execution of the SHARP package. At the end of this manual, detailed instructions are provided on how to create a new test case so that user can perform novel multi-physics calculations with SHARP. Frequently asked questions are listed at the end of this manual to help the user to troubleshoot issues.
Catalyst materials based on plasma-processed alumina nanopowder (2012)

A platinum catalyst for glycerol oxidation by molecular oxygen has been developed applying the extractive-pyrolytic method and using, as a support, a fine alumina powder with an average particle size of 30-60 nm processed by plasma technology. The extractive-pyrolytic method (EPM) allows affixing small amounts of catalytic metals (1-5%) with the particle size ranging from several nanometers to several tens of nanometers onto the surface of the support. The prepared material - 4.8 wt. % platinum on nano-sized alumina - can be used as a catalyst for glycerol oxidation by oxygen with conversion up to 84%, in order to produce some organic acids (glyceric and lactic acid) with a selectivity of about 60%.
Suppression of intrachannel nonlinearities using BCJR algorithm and iterative decoding (2006)

MAP symbol decoding supplemented with iterative decoding is used to mitigate the intrachannel nonlinearities. The MAP detector operates on the channel trellis to correct the corrupted data and to provide soft outputs processed further in an iterative decoder. A dramatic performance improvement is demonstrated.
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Gene SDS22 Encodes a Potential Regulator of the Mitotic Function of Yeast Type 1 Protein Phosphatase (1995)

In higher eukaryotes, the activity and specificity of the type 1 protein serine-threonine phosphatase (PP1) catalytic subunit is thought to be controlled by its association with a number of regulatory or targeting subunits. Here we describe the characterization of a gene encoding one such potential polypeptide in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The gene which we have isolated (termed SDS22) encodes a product with a high degree of sequence identity to the fission yeast sds22 protein, a known regulator of the mitotic function of PP1 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Using two different criteria, we have demonstrated that Sds22p and the catalytic subunit of PP1 (Glc7p) interact in yeast cells. We have also generated a temperature-sensitive allele of GLC7 (glc7-12) which causes a block to the completion of mitosis at the restrictive temperature. Additional copies of SDS22 lead to allele-specific suppression of the glc7-12 mutant, strongly suggesting that the interaction between the two proteins is of functional significance. Sds22p is therefore likely to be the second example of a PP1 regulatory subunit identified in S. cerevisiae.
Supplemental Figure 1 from Aneuploid Cell Survival Relies upon Sphingolipid Homeostasis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;DL-PDMP does not affect proliferation of MEFs and colorectal cancer cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Correlation optimized warping and dynamic time warping as preprocessing methods for chromatographic data (2004)

Abstract Two different algorithms for time‐alignment as a preprocessing step in linear factor models are studied. Correlation optimized warping and dynamic time warping are both presented in the literature as methods that can eliminate shift‐related artifacts from measurements by correcting a sample vector towards a reference. In this study both the theoretical properties and the practical implications of using signal warping as preprocessing for chromatographic data are investigated. The connection between the two algorithms is also discussed. The findings are illustrated by means of a case study of principal component analysis on a real data set, including manifest retention time artifacts, of extracts from coffee samples stored under different packaging conditions for varying storage times. We concluded that for the data presented here dynamic time warping with rigid slope constraints and correlation optimized warping are superior to unconstrained dynamic time warping; both considerably simplify interpretation of the factor model results. Unconstrained dynamic time warping was found to be too flexible for this chromatographic data set, resulting in an overcompensation of the observed shifts and suggesting the unsuitability of this preprocessing method for this type of signals. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
High-purity epitaxial indium phosphide grown by the hydride technique (1988)

Indium phosphide layers with electron mobilities at liquid-nitrogen temperature of 91 000–125 000 cm2 /V s and carrier concentrations of 3–6×1014 cm−3 have been routinely grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy. This 77 K mobility is significantly higher than the best previously reported for hydride vapor phase epitaxial InP. Analysis by variable temperature Hall effect, photothermal ionization spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and magnetophotoluminescence confirms the high purity of the samples. The influence of O2 on Si incorporation (injected over the In source) has also been studied. The injected oxygen did not significantly influence the silicon donor concentration.
Defense Allomones of the Nudibranch Phyllidia varicosa Lamarck 1801 (1979)

Abstract The defensive secretion of the nudibranch Phyllidia varicosa consists of two isocyanosesquiterpenes: the previously described 9‐isocyanopupukeanane ( 1 ), and its 2‐isomer ( 4 ), for which we report the structure and properties. The mixture originates with a sponge, Hymeniacidon sp., where it is produced in varying proportions. CD. measurements and X‐ray diffraction data establish the absolute configuration of the two metabolites.
Inhibition by 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 of induction of epidermal ornithine decarboxylase caused by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and teleocidin B. (1984)

Topical application of 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1 alpha, 25-(OH)2D3], an active form of vitamin D3, markedly inhibited induction of ornithine decarboxylase caused by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and teleocidin B in mouse skin. The degree of inhibition was dependent on the dose and time of application of 1 alpha, 25(OH)2D3. Application of 1 micrograms 1 alpha, 25(OH)2D3 within 30 min before or after treatment with 10 micrograms TPA caused about 72% inhibition of ODC induction at 4 hr. Similar degrees of inhibition were obtained with dose ratios of 1 alpha, 25(OH)2D3 to TPA of 1:3, 1:10, and 1:30. The dose required for 50% inhibition was 0.063 micrograms, or 0.15 nmol, which is about one-half that of retinoic acid, a known inhibitor of induction of ODC activity by TPA. 1 alpha, 25(OH)2D3 had a specific inhibitory effect, in which 100 times higher doses or more of other derivatives of vitamin D3, such as 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and vitamin D3, were required to inhibit ODC induction by TPA. 1 alpha, 25(OH)2D3 did not inhibit epidermal hyperplasia induced by TPA.
Functional‐genomics‐based identification of genes that regulate Arabidopsis responses to multiple abiotic stresses (2008)

Abiotic stresses are a primary cause of crop loss worldwide. The convergence of stress signalling pathways to a common set of transcription factors suggests the existence of upstream regulatory genes that control plant responses to multiple abiotic stresses. To identify such genes, data from published Arabidopsis thaliana abiotic stress microarray analyses were combined with our presented global analysis of early heat stress-responsive gene expression, in a relational database. A set of Multiple Stress (MST) genes was identified by scoring each gene for the number of abiotic stresses affecting expression of that gene. ErmineJ over-representation analysis of the MST gene set identified significantly enriched gene ontology biological processes for multiple abiotic stresses and regulatory genes, particularly transcription factors. A subset of MST genes including only regulatory genes that were designated 'Multiple Stress Regulatory' (MSTR) genes, was identified. To validate this strategy for identifying MSTR genes, mutants of the highest-scoring MSTR gene encoding the circadian clock protein CCA1, were tested for altered sensitivity to stress. A double mutant of CCA1 and its structural and functional homolog, LATE ELONGLATED HYPOCOTYL, exhibited greater sensitivity to salt, osmotic and heat stress than wild-type plants. This work provides a reference data set for further study of MSTR genes.
Strong Directed Electrostatic Activation (2009)

The authors report their investigation on the kinetics of the reactions between iminium ions 4a-f and sulfur ylide 2. A good agreement between experimental and calculated (by the equation in the scheme) rate constants was observed with the exception of 4d, indicating a strong electrostatic interaction between the zwitterion 4d and 2, an effect that is not taken into account in the equation. In contrast to MacMillan’s statement (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 3240), the reaction of iminium triflate 4a-OTf with ylide 2 gives the cyclopropanation product in good yield. Therefore, MacMillan’s observation that 0% conversion of the reaction between cinnamaldehyde 1 and ylide 2, catalyzed with imidazolidinone trifluoroacetic acid salt, cannot be ascribed to the low rate of the iminium 4a and 2, but the high basicity of 2, which inhibits the formation of the iminium.
Structural Investigation of Cisplatin–Protein Interactions: Selective Platination of His19 in a Cuprozinc Superoxide Dismutase (2006)

Drug adduct: The X-ray crystal structure of an adduct of cisplatin and bovine erythrocyte superoxide dismutase has been solved at 1.8-Å resolution. Selective platination of His19 occurs far away from the copper–zinc site. Remarkably, the protein-bound platinum center retains both chloro ligands (see picture, Cu orange, Zn dark gray, Pt light gray, Cl green).
Real-time rendering for multiview autostereoscopic displays (2006)

In video systems, the introduction of 3D video might be the next revolution after the introduction of color. Nowadays multiview autostereoscopic displays are in development. Such displays offer various views at the same time and the image content observed by the viewer depends upon his position with respect to the screen. His left eye receives a signal that is different from what his right eye gets; this gives, provided the signals have been properly processed, the impression of depth. The various views produced on the display differ with respect to their associated camera positions. A possible video format that is suited for rendering from different camera positions is the usual 2D format enriched with a depth related channel, e.g. for each pixel in the video not only its color is given, but also e.g. its distance to a camera. In this paper we provide a theoretical framework for the parallactic transformations which relates captured and observed depths to screen and image disparities. Moreover we present an efficient real time rendering algorithm that uses forward mapping to reduce aliasing artefacts and that deals properly with occlusions. For improved perceived resolution, we take the relative position of the color subpixels and the optics of the lenticular screen into account. Sophisticated filtering techniques results in high quality images.