gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mass Spectrometry‐Based Proteomics Reveals a Regulatory Role for DYRK1A in DNA Damage Repair (2018)

Down syndrome, the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability, results from trisomic chromosome 21. A section of chromosome 21 containing 33 genes, known as the Down syndrome critical region, plays a crucial role in producing the cognitive defects characteristic of Down syndrome. The dual‐specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A), located within the Down syndrome critical region, is necessary for normal brain development from flies to humans. Neurological defects in mice arise from an additional DYRK1A gene copy, while heterozygous loss of function causes microcephaly, facial dysmorphia, impaired motor function and behavioral problems in humans, demonstrating the sensitivity of DYRK1A function to gene dosage. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these phenotypic changes are not fully understood. Defining the protein interacting partners of DYRK1A and subsequent function of these relationships is crucial for understanding the implication of trisomic chromosome 21 on human health. Most known functions and substrates of this kinase are cytoplasmic, leaving the smaller subpopulation of DYRK1A in the nucleus relatively unstudied. To systematically investigate the nuclear interacting partners of DYRK1A, immunoprecipitation of the endogenous protein in conjunction with mass‐spectrometry based proteomics was used to generate a deep interactome. This nuclear interactome reveals interactions between DYRK1A and several E3 ubiquitin ligases that act as negative regulators of DNA double stranded break repair. Efficient repair of these lesions is necessary for maintaining genome stability and is dependent on a ubiquitin signaling cascade. CRISPR knockout of DYRK1A and inhibition of this kinase with the selective inhibitor harmine decreases the efficiency of DNA double strand break repair following ionizing radiation. The persistence of DNA double strand break markers increased in DYRK1A knock out cells and in a dose dependent manner with harmine at late time points following the initial damage. Maintaining genomic stability during expansion of neural progenitors is crucial for brain development. The rapid expansion of progenitors during typical neurogenesis is of particular risk, as early‐born cortical progenitors are hypersensitive to replication‐associated DNA damage. Inaccurate repair of genomic lesions at such a time can result in severe and ill effects on the developing organism. The results from this study strongly implicate DYRK1A gene dosage in the efficient repair of DNA double strand breaks, and in a neural context could contribute to the neurodevelopment defects associated with DYRK1A. Support or Funding Information Blumenthal Fund Fellowship; Linda Crnic Institute; DARPA This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Multi-Megawatt Space Nuclear Power Generation (1993)

Abstract : Capability for multi-megawatt nuclear power generation in space is examined and promising options identified. Nuclear power systems will generate approximately three times as much power as chemical systems, at the same rate of expenditure of consumables. In addition, the nuclear power system exhaust, if used for platform thrust, will have approximately twice the specific impulse of chemical systems. Three reactors options are compared NERVA and two particle bed reactors, the Fixed Bed Reactor (FBR), and the Rotating Bed Reactor (RBR). The particle bed reactors appear to have advantages of much faster startup capability, and reduced concern about reliability and fuel element failure. They also have somewhat smaller size and lower weight, but the benefits are marginal in terms of overall system weight. The FBR appears as the most attractive overall reactor system. It would operate bimodally, generating cw in the hundreds of kW(e) for station keeping, surveillance, defense purposes, etc, and high power, in the hundreds of MW(e), for pulsed energy devices.
cGMP-dependent protein kinase Iα associates with the antidepressant-sensitive serotonin transporter and dictates rapid modulation of serotonin uptake (2009)

Our findings provide evidence of a physical and compartmentalized association between SERT and PKGIalpha that supports rapid, 8-Br-cGMP-induced regulation of SERT. We discuss a model wherein SERT-associated PKGIalpha supports sequentially the mobilization of intracellular transporter-containing vesicles, leading to enhanced surface expression, and the production of catalytic-modulatory SERT phosphorylation, leading to a maximal enhancement of 5-HT clearance capacity.
The Fibular Collateral Ligament-Biceps Femoris Bursa (1997)

The anatomy of the fibular collateral ligament-biceps femoris bursa is described. The bursa is located lateral to the distal quarter of the fibular collateral ligament and forms an inverted "J" shape around the anterior and anteromedial portions of the ligament. Its most distal margin is just proximal to the fibular head where the fibular collateral ligament inserts, and its more proximal aspect is at the superior edge of the anterior arm of the long head of the biceps femoris muscle. We found this structure in all 50 knees dissected; there was a constant anatomic location of the fibular collateral ligament-biceps femoris bursa in all specimens. Measurement of the anatomic dimensions of the bursa revealed a mean width of 8.4 mm and a mean height of 18 mm. Knowing the prevalence, shape, size, and anatomic location of this bursa may aid the clinician in the differential diagnosis of lateral knee pain.
Young Labeled Faces in the Wild (YLFW): A Dataset for Children Faces Recognition (2023)

Face recognition has achieved outstanding performance in the last decade with the development of deep learning techniques. Nowadays, the challenges in face recognition are related to specific scenarios, for instance, the performance under diverse image quality, the robustness for aging and edge cases of person age (children and elders), distinguishing of related identities. In this set of problems, recognizing children's faces is one of the most sensitive and important. One of the reasons for this problem is the existing bias towards adults in existing face datasets. In this work, we present a benchmark dataset for children's face recognition, which is compiled similarly to the famous face recognition benchmarks LFW, CALFW, CPLFW, XQLFW and AgeDB. We also present a development dataset (separated into train and test parts) for adapting face recognition models for face images of children. The proposed data is balanced for African, Asian, Caucasian, and Indian races. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first standartized data tool set for benchmarking and the largest collection for development for children's face recognition. Several face recognition experiments are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed data tool set.
Nitric oxide modulators: An emerging class of medicinal agents (2012)

Nitric oxide, a unique messenger in biological system, is ubiquitously present virtually in all tissues revealing its versatile nature of being involved in diverse physiological functions such as vascular tone, inhibition of platelet aggregation, cell adhesion, neurotransmission and enzyme and immune regulation. The tremendous advancements made in the past few decades in this area suggests that the nitric oxide modulation either by its exogenous release through nitric oxide donors or inhibition of its synthesis by nitric oxide synthase inhibitors in physiological milieu may provide newer clinical strategies for the treatment of some diseases. In this review, an attempt is made to document and understand the biological chemistry of different classes of nitric oxide modulators that would prove to be a fruitful area in the years to come.
Energy-efficient data preservation in intermittently connected sensor networks (2011)

We study data preservation in intermittently connected sensor networks, wherein the sensor nodes do not always have connected paths to the base station. In such networks, the generated data is first stored inside the network before being uploaded to the base station when uploading opportunity arises. How to preserve the data inside the network is therefore an important problem. The problem becomes more challenging when sensor nodes have finite and unreplenishable battery energy. In this paper, we identify, formulate and study the data preservation problem in the intermittently connected sensor networks under energy constraints at sensor nodes. The problem aims to preserve the data inside the network for maximum possible time, by distributing the data items from low energy nodes to high energy nodes. We first show that this problem is NP-hard. We then design a centralized greedy heuristic and a distributed data distribution algorithm, and compare their performances using simulations.
ChemInform Abstract: η1‐Benzene Coordination: The Synthesis and X‐Ray Crystal Structure of a Novel Silver Salt of the Weakly Coordinating Carborane Anion B11CH12‐. (1986)

Abstract Das nach bekannter Methode in 84% Ausb. erhaltene (I) bildet beim Erhitzen in Gegenwart von Et3N ‐ BH 3 das Produkt (II), das gelöst in Wasser mit AgNO 3 die Titelverbindung (III) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: Design of a Novel Cognitive Enhancer (8S,10aS)‐8‐Carbamoyl‐1,2,3,6,7,8, 9,10a‐octahydro‐5H,10H‐pyrrolo(1,2‐a) (1,4)diazocin‐5,10‐dione. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Interacting with Predictions (2016)

Understanding predictive models, in terms of interpreting and identifying actionable insights, is a challenging task. Often the importance of a feature in a model is only a rough estimate condensed into one number. However, our research goes beyond these naïve estimates through the design and implementation of an interactive visual analytics system, Prospector. By providing interactive partial dependence diagnostics, data scientists can understand how features affect the prediction overall. In addition, our support for localized inspection allows data scientists to understand how and why specific datapoints are predicted as they are, as well as support for tweaking feature values and seeing how the prediction responds. Our system is then evaluated using a case study involving a team of data scientists improving predictive models for detecting the onset of diabetes from electronic medical records.
Antibodies Against Angiotensin II Receptor Type 1 and Endothelin A Receptor Are Associated With an Unfavorable COVID19 Disease Course (2021)

Background Lung histopathology demonstrates vasculopathy in a subset of deceased COVID19 patients, which resembles histopathology observed in antibody-mediated lung transplant rejection. Autoantibodies against angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Endothelin receptor Type A (ETAR) have been demonstrated in antibody-mediated rejection and may also be associated with severe COVID19 infection. Objective To assess AT1R and ETAR auto-antibodies in COVID19 patients and controls, and explore their association with disease course. Methods 65 hospitalized patients with COVID19 infection were included. Clinical and laboratory findings were retrospectively assessed. Patients with unfavorable disease course, admitted at the intensive care unit and/or deceased during hospital admission (n=33) were compared to admitted COVID19 patients with favorable disease course (n=32). The presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and auto-antibodies against AT1R or ETAR in peripheral blood were compared between COVID19 with unfavorable and favorable disease course and age matched controls (n=20). Results The presence of ANA was not significantly different between COVID19 patients with unfavorable (n=7/33; 21%) and favorable disease course (n=6/32; 19%) (p= 0.804) and controls (n=3/20; 15%). Auto-antibodies against AT1R were significantly increased in unfavorable disease course (median 14.59 U/mL, IQR 11.28 – 19.89) compared to favorable disease course (median 10.67 U/mL, IQR 8.55 – 13.0, p&amp;lt; 0.01). ETAR antibody titers were also significantly increased in unfavorable disease course (median 7.21, IQR 5.0 – 10.45) as compared to favorable disease course (median 4.0, IQR 3.0 – 6.0, p &amp;lt;0.05). Conclusion Auto-antibodies against AT1R and ETAR are significantly increased in COVID19 patients with an unfavorable disease course.
Direct demonstration of genetic alterations at the dihydrofolate reductase locus after gamma irradiation. (1982)

Gamma ray-induced mutants of Chinese hamster ovary cells lacking dihydrofolate reductase activity were screened for DNA sequence changes at the locus specifying this activity by using a cloned cDNA probe. Two of nine mutants screened displayed an altered restriction fragment pattern suggesting the occurrence of DNA deletions or rearrangements.
Risk management in the UK insurance industry: the changing state of practice (2008)

This paper reviews a number of recent surveys relevant to risk management by UK insurers. These include the results of four surveys specifically on UK insurers. Our findings suggest that the risk management practices of UK insurers are variable, generally behind best practices in adjacent sectors, and in some cases are a cause of concern. However, we also find that they have been improving significantly.
Importance of tissue biopsy in suicidal hanging deaths (2015)

This is a 5-year retrospective study including all autopsy reports of suicidal hanging deaths in Dammam city, Eastern province in Saudi Arabia. Hematoxyline and eosin stain has been used for the microscopic description of the three tissue biopsies that have been selected in this study. Other confirmatory tests have been performed for certain cases, when needed. The total number of cases was 62; 85.5% of the deceased were males, while 15% were females. The majority of cases (53%) were among the age group of 20–30 years. Hemorrhage of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and carotid intimal tear were both found in 90% of cases. Thyroid congestion was detected in 91%, and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was diagnosed in 2% of studied cases. The study discusses the importance of biopsy examination in hanging deaths and compares its results with other similar previous studies.
TRIUMPH: Phase II trial of rucaparib monotherapy in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer harboring germline DNA repair gene mutations. (2023)

190 Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the backbone of treatment for patients (pts) with metastatic prostate cancer (PCa), but many pts find this difficult to tolerate. Treatment with non-castrating regimens may avoid or delay the toxicities of hormonal therapy. The activity of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) in pts with homologous recombination DNA-repair (HRD) mutations (muts) and metastatic castration-resistant PCa has been established. We hypothesized here that the benefit of ARPi can be maintained in the absence of ADT in a biomarker-selected (HRD mutated) population with PCa. We designed a Phase 2 study in men with hormone-naïve, metastatic PCa who harbored a germline HRD mut treated with rucaparib monotherapy (without ADT). Methods: This was a multi-center, single arm Phase 2 study (NCT03413995) in men with asymptomatic hormone-sensitive metastatic PCa who received rucaparib 600mg by mouth daily. During consenting, pts were informed and had to opt out of ADT-based therapy. Pts must have had a germline mutation in an HRD gene on clinical-grade testing. The primary endpoint was confirmed PSA 50 response rate. Key secondary endpoints included safety, objective response rate (ORR), and radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS). The trial was designed to detect a 25% absolute increase in PSA 50 response from a null of 50%. Results: 12 pts were enrolled, 7 with BRCA1/2 and 5 with CHEK2 muts. The confirmed PSA 50 response rate to rucaparib was 41.7% (N=5/12, 95% CI: 19.3-68.1%), which did not meet the pre-specified efficacy boundary to enroll additional patients to 2 nd stage. In pts with measurable disease, the ORR was 60% (N=3/5, all with BRCA2). Median rPFS on rucaparib was 10.3 months (95% CI: 4.0 mo - NR). At the time of the interim analysis, 3 pts remained on study. The majority of adverse events (AE) were Grade ≤2 and expected. Translational studies are ongoing. Conclusions: Rucaparib can induce clinical responses in a biomarker-selected PCa population without concurrent ADT. However, the pre-specified threshold of PSA 50 response was not met. Although durable responses were observed in a subset of pts, PARPi without ADT in metastatic hormone sensitive PCa will not be pursued. Clinical trial information: NCT03413995 . [Table: see text]
Oncogenic Role of PVT1 and Therapeutic Implications (2020)

PVT1, a long non-coding RNA has been implicated in a variety of human cancers. Recent advancements have led to increasing discovery of the critical roles of PVT1 in cancer initiation and progression. Novel insight is emerging about PVT1's mechanism of action in different cancers. Identifying and understanding the variety of activities of PVT1 involved in cancers is a necessity for the development of PVT1 as a diagnostic biomarker or therapeutic target in cancers where PVT1 is dysregulated. PVT1's varied activities include overexpression, modulation of miRNA expression, protein interactions, targeting of regulatory genes, formation of fusion genes, functioning as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), and interactions with MYC, among many others. Furthermore, bioinformatic analysis of PVT1 interactions in cancers has aided understanding of the numerous pathways involved in PVT1 contribution to carcinogenesis in a cancer type-specific manner. However, these recent findings show that there is much more to be learned to be able to fully exploit PVT1 for cancer prognostication and therapy. In this review, we summarize some of the latest findings on PVT1's oncogenic activities, signaling networks and how targeting these networks can be a strategy for cancer therapy.
Engineering workstations-managing network workstations (1992)

Standardized network management tools, which are a necessity as users mix and match equipment from different vendors, are examined. Among their applications are configuring and installing software on workstations, monitoring network and server performance, controlling remote workstations, detecting and fixing problems, and implementing security measures. The various standardization efforts underway are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
From Agricultural Wastes to Fermentation Nutrients: A Case Study of 2,3-Butanediol Production (2022)

The goal of this study was to improve resource use efficiency in agricultural systems and agro-based industries, reduce wastes that go to landfills and incinerators, and consequently, improve the economics of 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) production. This study evaluated the feasibility of 2,3-BD production by replacing the mineral nutrients, and buffers with anaerobic digestate (ADE), poultry-litter (PLBC)- and forage-sorghum (FSBC)-derived biochars. Fermentation media formulations with ADE and 5–20 g/L PLBC or FSBC were evaluated for 2,3-BD production using Paenibacillus polymyxa as a biocatalyst. An optimized medium containing nutrients and buffers served as control. While 2,3-BD production in the ADE cultures was 0.5-fold of the maximum generated in the control cultures, 2,3-BD produced in the PLBC and FSBC cultures were ~1.3-fold more than the control (33.6 g/L). Cost analysis showed that ADE and biochar can replace mineral nutrients and buffers in the medium with the potential to make bio-based 2,3-BD production profitably feasible.
PSA and Chemotherapy (1998)

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A Closed Form Radar Cross Section Prediction Modeling For OverHead Wires At Millimeter Waves (2020)

A closed form modeling of a Radar Cross-Section (RCS) prediction of OverHead Wires (OHWs) at mmWaves is presented. Using exact equations of a bundle of twisted strands (BTSs), accurately modeling the outermost layer of an OHW, first, cylindrical expansions of the Z-component of the incident plane wave are derived both for Transverse Magnetic (TM) and Transverse Electric (TE) modes. Using Maxwell equations in cylindrical coordinates, scattered fields are inferred and then closed forms of RCS are deduced in both modes. The proposed RCS modeling is simulated on OHWs Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced (ACSR) type at 3-mm, 2-mm, and 1-mm waves. The resulting RCSs vs incident angles well highlight Bragg peaks that characterize OHW signatures at mm-waves and are contrasted with previous published ones.
Identification of 2-Benzylidene-tetralone Derivatives as Highly Potent and Reversible Firefly Luciferase Inhibitors (2022)

The extensive applications of Firefly luciferase (Fluc) in numerous biological, biomedical, and clinical investigations rendered an urgent need for efficient and biocompatible Fluc inhibitors for the construction of novel assay platforms. Herein we describe the identification of 2-benzylidene-tetralone derivatives as highly potent and reversible Firefly luciferase inhibitors by competing with d-luciferin. The most active compound <b>48</b> was found to have >7000 fold higher potency (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.25 nM) than that of the well-known luciferase inhibitor resveratrol (IC<sub>50</sub> = 1.9 μM) biochemically with sub- to low nanomolar IC<sub>50</sub> values, and it can efficiently block the Fluc generated bioluminescence in vivo.
Comparison of structure, strength and cytocompatibility of a fibrin matrix supplemented either with tranexamic acid or aprotinin (2006)

Fibrin sealants are used as hemostats, sealants, tissue adhesives, and as matrix for substances/cells in a number of surgical and tissue engineering procedures. Main characteristics of fibrin are high tensile strength, adhesive strength, biocompatibility, and resorption. A major adverse event would be premature fibrin lysis and recurrent bleeding. This must be prevented by fibrinolysis inhibitors. The most common fibrinolysis inhibitors used are aprotinin and tranexamic acid (t-AMCA). Comparison of commercially available fibrin sealants utilizing aprotinin or t-AMCA revealed a lower sealing efficacy in an in vivo lung resection model for a t-AMCA containing product. Therefore, we compared the influence of t-AMCA and aprotinin on structure, mechanical properties, and cytocompatibility of a fibrin matrix. In our experiments, we found that substitution of aprotinin with t-AMCA reduced the tensile strength and formation of fibrin fibers and affected viability of a fibroblast cell-line. In conclusion, t-AMCA negatively affects physical and biological properties of fibrin relevant for clinical application as well as tissue regeneration.