gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MULTI-OBJECTIVE STOCHASTIC SIMULATION-BASED OPTIMISATION APPLIED TO SUPPLY CHAIN PLANNING (2012)

The paper discusses the optimisation of complex management processes, which allows the reduction of investment costs by setting the optimal balance between product demand and supply. The systematisation of existing methods and algorithms that are used to optimise complex processes by linking stochastic discrete-event simulation and multi-objective optimisation is given. The two-phase optimisation method is developed based on hybrid combination of compromise programming, evolutionary computation and response surface-based methods. Approbation of the proposed method is performed on the multi-echelon supply chain planning problem that is widely distributed in industry and its solution plays a vital role in increasing the competitiveness of a company. Three scenarios are implemented to optimise supply chain tactical planning processes at the chemical manufacturing company based on using different optimisation methods and software. The numerical results prove the competitive advantages of the developed two-phase optimisation method.
Gas-Adsorption Processes: State of the Art (1983)

Gas-adsorption processes are used for a wide variety of separations throughout the chemical and other industries. But to effect various separations, quite different process embodiments are necessary. These differences are primarily concerned with the method by which the adsorbent is regenerated. This choice is influenced by the percentage of adsorbate in the feed, ease of desorption and degree of separation required. In this paper, we discuss temperature-swing, inert-purge, displacement-purge, pressure-swing, parametric-pumping, chromatographic and other cycles; the separations for which they are best suited; and their limitations. Commercial examples are given. Finally, predictions are made as to future improvements in various technologies as well as to what new separations will be amenable to adsorption separation.
Fine needle aspiration techniques for the characterization of breast cancers (1994)

Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is a well established method for diagnosing breast lesions, including cancers. FNAB does not require surgery and uses only a small amount of material. FNAB can also be used to acquire material for special studies. This is especially useful with small tumors (< or = 1 cm) when most of the material is needed to make a histologic diagnosis. Immunostaining techniques can be used on FNABs to investigate proliferation by bromodeoxyuridine uptake or Ki-67 labeling. Immunostaining techniques can also be used to identify oncoprotein expression, such as of p53. Fluorescence in situ hybridization is a technique that can be used to gather cytogenetic information directly from interphase tumor cells and is well suited for use with FNAB material because the harvested nuclei are intact and no cumbersome dissociation processing is needed. Flow cytometric techniques can be applied to FNAB material to study DNA content and S-phase fraction. Material acquired by FNAB can also be analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction followed by mutation detection. In this report, the authors show the applicability of these various analytic approaches to FNAB material from primary breast cancers. They show that it is essential that the FNAB harvest is representative, ample, and well prepared for the success of these studies.
On posthuman materiality: art-making as rhizomatic rehearsal (2019)

On posthuman materiality: art-making as rhizomatic rehearsal engages art-making as a methodology for rehearsing the aesthetics and thematic arguments of the show Animal Parade. The following essay uses the concept of the rhizome, as defined by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, to provide a rehearsal process initiated through the interconnection of objects in art-making. The essay illustrates the value of vital materialism on the creative process and the affective “thing power” of objects in aesthetic concept and design.
Two-Dimensional SDS-PAGE Fractionation of Biological Samples for Biomarker Discovery (2013)

Two-dimensional electrophoresis is still a very valuable tool in proteomics, due to its reproducibility and its ability to analyze complete proteins. However, due to its sensitivity to dynamic range issues, its most suitable use in the frame of biomarker discovery is not on very complex fluids such as plasma, but rather on more proximal, simpler fluids such as CSF, urine, or secretome samples. Here, we describe the complete workflow for the analysis of such dilute samples by two-dimensional electrophoresis, starting from sample concentration, then the two-dimensional electrophoresis step per se, ending with the protein detection by fluorescence.
Critical Transport Current Density in Sintered Oxide Superconductors with High Critical Temperature (1988)

Percolative critical transport current density in sintered Y–Ba–Cu–O superconductors is estimated by taking into account the effect of anisotropies in the upper critical field and the pinning structure. This value is much smaller than the estimate for the optimized situation, where misorientation between the magnetic field and anisotropic pinning structures does not occurs. As the volume fraction of the superconducting region becomes small, the critical transport current density decreases drastically due to a decrease in the percolation probability of the current. To improve the transport property, it is necessary to align the orientation of grains or to introduce isotropic pinning centers, in addition to increasing the superconducting volume fraction.
Effect of orthotropic electric resistance on delamination detection with electric resistance change method (2020)

An electric resistance change method is successfully applied to the delamination detections of CFRP laminates. In the present study, orthotropic electric resistances of CFRP laminates are measured experimentally of three volume fractions of carbon fiber. The experiments in the present paper reveal significant change of the electric conductance values in the transverse direction and thickness direction owing to small change of the volume fraction. On the basis of the measured orthotropic electric conductance, the effect of the electric conductance is investigated in detail here. The effect of the orthotropic electric resistance change on electric resistance measurements for delamination detection is investigated using FEM analyses. For the analyses, beam type specimens of cross ply laminates are employed. Two types of stacking sequence are [0/90]s and [90/0]s. Electric resistance change owing to a delamination is discussed for both types of the specimens on the basis of the results of the electric current density diagrams. Results obtained are followings. (1) Electric resistances of thickness direction and transverse direction change significantly due to the small change of fiber volume fraction. (2) The mechanism of delamination detection with electric resistance change method was elucidated. (3) Electrodes should be mounted on fiber direction.
FREE-SURFACE SIGNATURE OF SUBMERGED SHEAR FLOW (1992)

In this paper, the nonlinear evolution of two-dimensional instability waves in a submerged shear flow is studied numerically, through direct simulation of the incompressible Euler equations subject to the dynamic and kinematic boundary conditions at the ocean surface. In a submerged shear flow with a free surface, the sinuous mode of linear instability is the dominant one, but depending on the submergence depth of the mean shear flow and the Froude number of the flow, the nonlinear evolution of the instability waves exhibit substantially different behaviour. More specifically, for large submergence depth and low Froude number, the flow reaches and equilibrium state, and the free-surface signature of the instability has the form of a propagating water wave but the free-surface elevation is small. However, for the same large submergence depth, increasing the Froude number beyond a certain value caused breaking of the free-surface wave. For very high Froude numbers, the breaking of the free-surface wave is caused by the presence of a sharp vertical velocity shear at the free-surface. For a small submergence depth, on the other hand, the free-surface elevation breaks even for low Froude numbers, because of the sharp horizontal velocity shear, which is induced at the free surface by the vortices of the flow.
[Rapid epidemiological characterization of Neisseria meningitidis using polymerization chain reaction from biological samplings]. (1997)

This typing method allows a rapid and less expensive epidemiological characterization of meningococcal infections. Moreover, it is a non culture typing method.
Mechanistic organic photochemistry. XXIV. The mechanism of the conversion of barrelene to semibullvalene. A general photochemical process (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanistic organic photochemistry. XXIV. The mechanism of the conversion of barrelene to semibullvalene. A general photochemical processHoward E. Zimmerman, Roger W. Binkley, Richard S. Givens, and Maynard A. SherwinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 15, 3932–3933Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00991a064https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00991a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views503Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Variability of energy input into selected subsystems of the human–glove–tool system: a theoretical study (2017)

This article presents an application of the energy method to assess the energy input introduced into two subsystems of the human-glove-tool system. To achieve this aim, a physical model of the system was developed. This consists of dynamic models of the human body and the glove described in Standard No. ISO 10068:2012, and a model of a hand-held power tool. The energy input introduced into the subsystems, i.e., the human body and the glove, was analysed in the domain of energy and involved calculating three component energy inputs of forces. The energy model was solved using numerical simulation implemented in the MATLAB/simulink environment. This procedure demonstrates that the vibration energy was distributed quite differently in the internal structure of the two subsystems. The results suggest that the operating frequency of the tool has a significant impact on the level of energy inputs transmitted into both subsystems.
Emerging Credentialing Practices, Malpractice Liability Policies, and Guidelines Governing Complementary and Alternative Medical Practices and Dietary Supplement Recommendations (2005)

Hospitals are using heterogeneous approaches to address licensure, credentialing, scope of practice, malpractice liability, and dietary supplement use in developing models of integrative care. The environment creates significant impediments to the delivery of consistent clinical care and multisite evaluations of the safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness (or lack thereof) of CAM therapies (or integrative models) as applied to management of common medical conditions. Consensus policies need to be developed.
Elevated Expression of 5-HT1BReceptors in Nucleus Accumbens Efferents Sensitizes Animals to Cocaine (2002)

Although the effects of psychostimulants on brain dopamine systems are well recognized, the direct actions of cocaine on serotonin systems also appear to be important to its addictive properties. For example, serotonin actions at 5-HT1B receptors in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) modulate cocaine-induced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and alter the rewarding and stimulant properties of cocaine. However, the mechanisms of these effects have been unclear, because several neuron types in VTA express 5-HT1B receptors. One possibility is that 5-HT1B receptors on the terminals of GABAergic projections from NAcc to VTA inhibit local GABA release, thereby disinhibiting VTA neurons. We tested this hypothesis directly by using viral-mediated gene transfer to overexpress 5-HT1B receptors in NAcc projections to VTA. A viral vector containing either epitope hemagglutinin-tagged 5-HT1B and green fluorescent protein (HA1B-GFP) cassettes or green fluorescent protein cassette alone (GFP-only) was injected into the NAcc shell, which sends projections to the VTA. HA1B-GFP injection induced elevated expression of 5-HT1B receptors in neuronal fibers in VTA and increased cocaine-induced locomotor hyperactivity without affecting baseline locomotion. Overexpression of 5-HT1B receptors also shifted the dose-response curve for cocaine-conditioned place preference to the left, indicating alterations in the rewarding effects of cocaine. Thus, increased expression of 5-HT1B receptors in NAcc efferents, probably in the terminals of medium spiny neurons projecting to the VTA, may contribute to psychomotor sensitization and offer an important target for regulating the addictive effects of cocaine.
A hardware-software framework for high-reliability people fall detection (2008)

This paper presents a hardware and software framework for reliable fall detection in the home environment, with particular focus on the protection and assistance to the elderly. The integrated prototype includes three different sensors: a 3D time-of-flight range camera, a wearable MEMS accelerometer and a microphone. These devices are connected with custom interface circuits to a central PC that collects and processes the information with a multi-threading approach. For each of the three sensors, an optimized algorithm for fall-detection has been developed and benchmarked on a collected mulitimodal database. This work is expected to lead to a multi-sensory approach employing appropriate fusion techniques aiming to improve system efficiency and reliability.
Neodymium lasers as a source of synchronized high-power optical pulses (1988)

The recent considerable progress in the development of solid-state lasers, primarily neodymium-based lasers for use as sources of short, synchronized, high-power optical pulses, is reviewed. The amplification of femtosecond optical pulses using synchronous amplification techniques with these lasers has proved particularly applicable to experimentation. The authors also presents a laser design which combines several advantageous qualities into a single laser cavity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Advanced Thermoelectric Materials for Flexible Cooling Application (2021)

Abstract Flexible cooling devices, which aim to fulfill the essential requirement of complex working environments and enable local heat dissipation, have become the cutting‐edge area of refrigeration technology. Thermoelectric (TE) material represents a promising candidate for various flexible cooling applications, including wearable personal thermoregulation devices. With the increasing interest in the Peltier effect of conductive polymers and inorganic films on flexible substrates, flexible cooling devices have undergone rapid development. Herein, the fundamental mechanisms, basic parameters, and temperature measurement techniques for evaluating the cooling performance are summarized. Moreover, recent progress on TE materials, such as flexible inorganic and organic materials for Peltier cooling studies, is reviewed. More importantly, insights are provided into the key strategies for high‐performance Peltier devices. The final part details the existing challenges and perspectives on flexible TE cooling to inspire additional research interests toward the advancement of refrigeration technology.
HLA‐B27 association of autoimmune encephalitis induced by PD‐L1 inhibitor (2020)

Here we found that three in five patients with autoimmune encephalitis associated with atezolizumab had the rare HLA-B*27:05 genotype. Further systematic analyses in larger cohorts are necessary to investigate the value of HLA screening to prevent the life-threatening adverse events.
Abaxial growth and steric constraints guide leaf folding and shape in Acer pseudoplatanus (2012)

The enhanced growth on the abaxial side of the lamina along the veins is likely to drive lamina folding. The surgical ablation provided clear support for the space-filling nature of leaf growth; thus, steric constraints play a role in determination of the shapes of folded leaves and probably also of the final leaf morphology.
A configurable parallel neurocomputer (2002)

The paper presents the architecture of a new configurable parallel neurocomputer optimized for the high-speed simulation of neural networks. Its main system feature is the reconfigurability of a new arithmetical unit chip which supports several accuracies in all typical neural network operations. If the required accuracy is decreased the degree of parallelism inside the chip can be increased by a dynamical reconfiguration of the hardware resources. The system also offers a good scalability: for the simulation of large neural networks the system performance can easily be increased by using several arithmetical unit chips operating in parallel.
Semantic subtyping (2003)

Usually subtyping relations are defined either syntactically by a formal system or semantically by an interpretation of types in an untyped denotational model. In this paper we show how to define a subtyping relation semantically, for a language whose operational semantics is driven by types; we consider a rich type algebra, with product, arrow, recursive, intersection, union and complement types. Our approach is to "bootstrap" the subtyping relation through a notion of set-theoretic model of the type algebra. The advantages of the semantic approach are manifold. Foremost we get "for free" many properties (e.g., the transitivity of subtyping) that, with axiomatized subtyping, would require tedious and error prone proofs. Equally important is that the semantic approach allows one to derive complete algorithms for the subtyping relation or the propagation of types through patterns. As the subtyping relation has a natural (inasmuch as semantic) interpretation, the type system can give informative error messages when static type-checking fails. Last but not least the approach has an immediate impact in the definition and the implementation of languages manipulating XML documents, as this was our original motivation.
The Graduate Training Programme ‘Molecular Imaging for the Analysis of Gene and Protein Expression’: A Case Study with an Insight into the Participation of Universities of Applied Sciences (2008)

Cell biology and molecular imaging technologies have made enormous progress in basic research. However, the transfer of this knowledge to the pharmaceutical drug discovery process, or even therapeutic improvements for disorders such as neuronal diseases, is still in its infancy. This transfer needs scientists who can integrate basic research with imaging technologies and clinical applications. The graduate training programme described can provide this knowledge based on a translational approach. It integrates the expertise in basic and clinical research within the University of Heidelberg and the applied research established within the Department of Biotechnology of the University of Applied Sciences Mannheim.
Machine-Learning Prediction of Comorbid Substance Use Disorders in ADHD Youth Using Swedish Registry Data (2019)

Abstract Background Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have a high risk for substance use disorders (SUDs). Early identification of at-risk youth would help allocate scarce resources for prevention programs. Methods Psychiatric and somatic diagnoses, family history of these disorders, measures of socioeconomic distress and information about birth complications were obtained from the national registers in Sweden for 19,787 children with ADHD born between 1989-1993. We trained 1) cross-sectional machine learning models using data available by age 17 to predict SUD diagnosis between ages 18-19; and 2) a longitudinal model to predict new diagnoses at each age. Results The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.73 and 0.71 for the random forest and multilayer perceptron cross-sectional models. A prior diagnosis of SUD was the most important predictor, accounting for 25% of correct predictions. However, after excluding this predictor, our model still significantly predicted the first-time diagnosis of SUD during age 18-19 with an AUC of 0.67. The average of the AUCs from longitudinal models predicting new diagnoses one, two, five and ten years in the future was 0.63. Conclusions Significant predictions of at-risk co-morbid SUDs in individuals with ADHD can be achieved using population registry data, even many years prior to the first diagnosis. Longitudinal models can potentially monitor their risks over time. More work is needed to create prediction models based on electronic health records or linked population-registers that are sufficiently accurate for use in the clinic.
Inverse kinematics of 7-DOF redundant manipulators with arbitrary offsets based on augmented Jacobian (2018)

To solve the inverse kinematics of 7-DOF redundant manipulators with arbitrary offsets. A numerical method that is based on augmented Jacobian is proposed. Firstly, the end-effector Jacobian is given to reflect the relationship between joint angle rates and end-effector rates. To solve the redundancy of 7-DOF manipulator, an arm angle parameter is defined to parameterize the redundancy of manipulator. From the geometric features of the manipulator, the Jacobian matrix of arm angle is built to solve the redundancy of the manipulator. Furthermore, singularities of Jacobian are discussed mainly by analyzing the rank of Jacobian. In the end, the method is verified with Yaskawa VA1400II manipulator. The results of simulations and experiment strongly prove the validity and efficiency of this method.