gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Macrophage inflammatory response increases in adult female exposed to neonate stress (2022)

Abstract Impacts of stress on the immune system vary depending on the nature, intensity, and time during which stress is experienced (eg, acute stress is pro-inflammatory vs chronic stress is anti-inflammatory). However, there is limited knowledge on the long-term impact of early life stress on immune responses. Given that immune programming occurs early in life and that immunity and stress both involve sexual dimorphisms, our hypothesis is that neonatal maternal separation (NMS) induces sex-specific immune alterations. Objective Our objective is to evaluate the influence of early life stress on immune response in adult and its dimorphism related to biological sex. Methods We used a well-established rat model of early life stress, NMS, in which we observed sex-specific modulations of the myeloid compartment. Thus, we evaluated the impact of NMS on macrophage activation using LPS stimulation of bone-marrow derived macrophages (BMDM) in vitro. Expression of activation (MHCII, CD40, CD86 and CD80) and maturation markers (SIRPα, CD11b, CD200 and CD200R) were analyzed by flow cytometry. TNF levels were measured by ELISA. Results LPS stimulation of female NMS BMDM had higher expression of activation markers compared to controls. Inflammatory cytokine levels, TNF, increased after LPS stimulation and further increased in female NMS, whereas male NMS level was lower than control male. Futhermore, LPS stimulation lowered CD200 receptor (CD200R) to a greater extent in male NMS than in female NMS. Conclusion These results suggest that NMS accentuates the pro-inflammatory response in adult female (but not in male) and will provide a strong base for improving sex-specific interventions in the context of diseases involving stress and the immune system. Supported by grants from CIHR, QRHN and CRIUCPQ
Solution processible MoOx-incorporated graphene anode for efficient polymer light-emitting diodes (2017)

Graphene has attracted great attention owing to its superb properties as an anode of organic or polymer light-emitting diodes (OLEDs or PLEDs). However, there are still barriers for graphene to replace existing indium tin oxide (ITO) due to relatively high sheet resistance and work function mismatch. In this study, PLEDs using molybdenum oxide (MoO<sub>x</sub>) nanoparticle-doped graphene are demonstrated on a plastic substrate to have a low sheet resistance and high work function. Also, this work shows how the doping amount influences the electronic properties of the graphene anode and the PLED performance. A facile and scalable spin coating process was used for doping graphene with MoO<sub>x</sub>. After doping, the sheet resistance and the optical transmittance of five-layer graphene were ∼180 Ω sq<sup>-1</sup> and ∼88%, respectively. Moreover, the surface roughness of MoO<sub>x</sub>-doped graphene becomes smoother than that of pristine graphene. Furthermore, a nonlinear relationship was observed between the MoO<sub>x</sub> doping level and device performance. Therefore, a modified stacking structure of graphene electrode is presented to further enhance device performance. The maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) and power efficiency of the PLED using the MoO<sub>x</sub>-doped graphene anode were 4.7% and 13.3 lm W<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The MoO<sub>x</sub>-doped graphene anode showed enhanced device performance (261% for maximum EQE, 255% for maximum power efficiency) compared with the pristine graphene.
New Trends in Olefin Production (2017)

Most olefins (e.g., ethylene and propylene) will continue to be produced through steam cracking (SC) of hydrocarbons in the coming decade. In an uncertain commodity market, the chemical industry is investing very little in alternative technologies and feedstocks because of their current lack of economic viability, despite decreasing crude oil reserves and the recognition of global warming. In this perspective, some of the most promising alternatives are compared with the conventional SC process, and the major bottlenecks of each of the competing processes are highlighted. These technologies emerge especially from the abundance of cheap propane, ethane, and methane from shale gas and stranded gas. From an economic point of view, methane is an interesting starting material, if chemicals can be produced from it. The huge availability of crude oil and the expected substantial decline in the demand for fuels imply that the future for proven technologies such as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) or methanol to gasoline is not bright. The abundance of cheap ethane and the large availability of crude oil, on the other hand, have caused the SC industry to shift to these two extremes, making room for the on-purpose production of light olefins, such as by the catalytic dehydrogenation of propane.
Long-Term Results of the Subclavian Flap Repair for Coarctation of the Aorta in Infants (2013)

Subclavian flap aortoplasty provides excellent long-term results for the repair of coarctation in infants. The incidence of recoarctation requiring reintervention is low and compares favorably with other techniques. Compromise of growth or function of the left arm was not appreciated. The subclavian flap technique remains a viable surgical option for the repair of coarctation in infants.
A Micro Aerial Vehicle Motion Capture System (2005)

In this paper, we report on the design of a 6 Degrees-Of-Freedom (6-DOF) motion tracking system for a MicroAerial-Vehicle (MAV) using stereo-vision. The pose measurement is performed by tracking the 3D positions of a marker (three targets) attached to the MAV. This task involves determination of optimal sensor placement for the stereo system and an orientation calculation algorithm. Experiments were conducted to validate the set-up against defined accuracy requirements.
Type 1-polarized dendritic cells loaded with autologous tumor are a potent immunogen against chronic lymphocytic leukemia (2008)

Induction of active tumor-specific immunity in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and other hematologic malignancies is compromised by the deficit of endogenous dendritic cells (DCs). In attempt to develop improved vaccination strategies for patients with CLL and other tumors with poorly identified rejection antigens, we tested the ability of ex vivo-generated DCs to cross-present the antigens expressed by CLL cells and to induce CLL-specific, functional CTL responses. Monocyte-derived DCs from CLL patients were induced to mature using a "standard" cytokine cocktail (in IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and PGE2) or using an alpha-type 1-polarized DC (alphaDC1) cocktail (in IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IFN-alpha, IFN-gamma, and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid) and were loaded with gamma-irradiated, autologous CLL cells. alphaDC1 from CLL patients expressed substantially higher levels of multiple costimulatory molecules (CD83, CD86, CD80, CD11c, and CD40) than standard DCs (sDCs) and immature DCs, and their expression of CCR7 showed intermediate level. alphaDC1 secreted substantially higher (10-60 times) levels of IL-12p70 than sDCs. Although alphaDC1 and sDCs showed similar uptake of CLL cells, alphaDC1 induced much higher numbers (range, 2.4-38 times) of functional CD8+ T cells against CLL cells. The current demonstration that autologous tumor-loaded alphaDC1 are potent inducers of CLL-specific T cells helps to develop improved immunotherapies of CLL.
Scheduling and resource binding for low power (2002)

Decisions taken at the earliest steps of the design process may have a significant impact on the characteristics of the final implementation. This paper illustrates how power consumption issues can be tackled during the scheduling and resource-binding steps of high-level synthesis. Algorithms for these steps targeting at low-power data-paths and trading off, in some cases, speed and area for low power are presented. The algorithms focus on reducing the activity of the functional units (adders, multipliers) by minimizing the transitions of their input operands. The power consumption of the functional units accounts for a large fraction of the overall data-path power budget.
Rotavirus y gastroenteritis : un nuevo enfoque a un viejo problema (1980)

La gastroenteritis es uno de los mas importantes problemas de salud publica en el mundo, tanto por el numero de muertes que ocasiona, como por las secuelas fisicas y mentales que determina en ninos de paises en subdesarrollo. En los ultimos anos ha habido avances importantes en el conocimiento de la etiopatogenia de la diarrea que hacen ver el futuro con optimismo. Por un lado, el desarrollo de procedimientos de rehidratacion oral ha contribuido a disminuir la mortalidad por diarrea. Por otro lado, la identificacion de nuevos agentes etiologicos permitira disenar metodos de control y prevencion mas eficaces, incluyendo la utilizacion de vacunas. Entre los nuevos patogenos descubiertos, los rotavirus han surgido como una de las causas mas importantes de gastroenteritis. Ellos son virus complejos que poseen un genoma formado por once segmentos de ARN de doble cadena, rodeado por una doble cubierta proteica. La identificacion de los polipeptidos presentes en la capside externa, y su papel en la neutralizacion de la infectividad viral, aportara informacion para el mejor diseno de inmunogenos. Los datos obtenidos del estudio de la biologia molecular del virus permitiran enfocar el problema de las diarreas virales con enfoques mas imaginativos.
Id2 and p53 participate in apoptosis during unloading-induced muscle atrophy (2004)

Apoptotic signaling was examined in the patagialis (PAT) muscles of young adult and old quail. One wing was loaded for 14 days to induce hypertrophy and then unloaded for 7 or 14 days to induce muscle atrophy. Although the nuclear Id2 protein content was not different between unloaded and control muscles in either age group, cytoplasmic Id2 protein content of unloaded muscles was higher than that in contralateral control muscles after 7 days of unloading in young quails. Nuclear and cytoplasmic p53 contents and the p53 nuclear index of the unloaded muscles were higher than those in control muscles after 7 days of unloading in young quails, whereas in aged quails, the p53 and Id2 contents and p53 nuclear index of the unloaded muscles were not altered by unloading. Immunofluorescent staining indicated that myonuclei and activated satellite cell nuclei contributed to the increased number of p53-positive nuclei. Conversely, unloading in either young adult or aged PAT muscles did not alter c-Myc protein content. Although Cu-Zn-SOD content was not different in unloaded and control muscles, Mn-SOD content increased in PAT muscles after 7 days of unloading in young quails, suggesting that unloading induced an oxidative disturbance in these muscles. Moderate correlational relationships existed among Id2, p53, c-Myc, SOD, apoptosis-regulatory factors, and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling index. These data indicate that Id2 and p53 are involved in the apoptotic responses during unloading-induced muscle atrophy after hypertrophy in young adult birds. Furthermore, our data suggest that there is an aging-dependent regulation of Id2 and p53 during unloading of previously hypertrophied muscles.
Electrical properties of skin and SAR calculation in a realistic human model for microwave exposure (1997)

The skin tissue of the human head can play an electromagnetic shielding role in protecting the central organs from microwave exposure. For the electrical properties, however, the published data are for a wide range of tissues from fat (low water content) to muscle (high water content), and thus various electrical properties of the skin tissue are used for SAR calculations in a heterogeneous head model. This paper examines numerically how variations in the electrical properties of the skin tissue affect the SAR in the human head. Skin tissue properties are newly estimated from the Debye equation with two relaxation time constants, which are used to calculate the SAR in the developed heterogeneous head model for 1.5-GHz microwave exposure. The SAR details are compared with the following cases: results computed for skin having the same electrical properties as those of fat, our previously obtained results, and Furse's results on tissue properties. The effects of tissue mass densities on the SAR calculation are also examined. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 120(4): 66–73, 1997
1A1-F05 Optimization of the charging system of an Energy-Self-Sufficient Underwater Robot(Underwater Robot and Mechatronics (1)) (2014)

Solar-powered Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) are one approach that has been utilized to address the problem of energy consumption in AUVs. However, their duty cycle is often short due to their charging algorithms or low efficiency, making them impractical. To solve these drawbacks, we have developed an algorithm which decides whether the robot should operate underwater or charge on the water surface. Taking into consideration the transition of solar radiation, time of day, and battery voltage, it is possible to increase the overall operational time the robot. Using weather data, we compared our algorithm with previous methods through experimental simulations.
Time to tear down the pyramids? A critique of cascading hierarchies as a policy tool (2018)

Cascading, or cascade use, is concept that has many different definitions, but a common theme is a sequential use of resources for different purposes. The cascading concept was first presented in the early 1990s but has become an intensively debated topic primarily in the most recent decade. In the available literature on cascading of wood, there are few studies that discuss policy implementation. As this is currently heavily debated, there is an important gap here that we aim to fill. In this paper, we (a) critically review the conceptual history of cascading and (b) highlight the complexities involved in its implementation in policy frameworks. Originally, cascading was discussed as a broad framework for how society better should manage natural resource flows. In more recent debates on woody biomass however, cascading is often presented as simply a hierarchy, wherein material use of wood should hold priority over energy use of wood. This is partly based on an idea that certain forms of wood utilization are inherently more valuable than others, an assumption that becomes problematic when implemented in policy. In reality, how and for what a certain wood resource is used varies with time and place and historical examples of implementation of hierarchical policy frameworks indicate a high risk of unwanted consequences, such as unstable policy structures and tendencies toward a negotiation economy. Cascading of woody biomass can have benefits from both an economical and environmental perspective. However, cascading systems should emerge bottom‐up, not be imposed top‐down through politically determined hierarchies. WIREs Energy Environ 2018, 7:e279. doi: 10.1002/wene.279 This article is categorized under: Energy and Climate &gt; Economics and Policy Energy Policy and Planning &gt; Economics and Policy
A Fundamental Study on the Two Perspective 3D-PTV system for Measurement of Complicated Flow (2009)

A new algorithm of a 3D particle tracking velocimetry, 3D-PLCV is developed. The significant feature is the use of images capturing path lines without any blind duration between sequential images. Hence, particle matching becomes very easy by connecting path lines in sequential images. Further, use of information of connected path line is useful to restrain generation of ghost tracers in stereo-matching. After description of details of the algorithm of the 3D-PTV developed in this study is presented, validity of the 3D-PTV is shown using artificial images. Finally, measurement result of fluid flow in pore of porous media by the developed PTV is presented.
Analysis of Ventricular Wall Motion Using Color-Coded Tissue Doppler Imaging System (1994)

We developed a new color Doppler system by which Doppler signals associated with tissue motion can be determined, and called it the tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) system. Using high-speed scanning, the frame rate was 26–38 F/s, and the pulse repetition frequency was 4.5–6.0 kHz. Under these conditions, the lowest measurable velocity was improved to 2 mm/s. Wall motion toward the transducer was coded as red, and that away from the transducer, as blue. To examine the accuracy and validity of the measured velocity of ventricular wall motion, we performed in vitro and in vivo studies. The results demonstrate that the present TDI system accurately represents the tissue velocity, and is applicable for creating two-dimensional images of the ventricular wall motion in real time, facilitating the visual assessment of abnormal ventricular wall motion.
De NovoSequencing and Characterization of the Transcriptome of Dwarf Polish Wheat (Triticum polonicumL.) (2016)

Construction as well as characterization of a polish wheat transcriptome is a crucial step to study useful traits of polish wheat. In this study, a transcriptome, including 76,014 unigenes, was assembled from dwarf polish wheat (DPW) roots, stems, and leaves using the software of Trinity. Among these unigenes, 61,748 (81.23%) unigenes were functionally annotated in public databases and classified into differentially functional types. Aligning this transcriptome against draft wheat genome released by the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC), 57,331 (75.42%) unigenes, including 26,122 AB-specific and 2,622 D-specific unigenes, were mapped on A, B, and/or D genomes. Compared with the transcriptome of T. turgidum, 56,343 unigenes were matched with 103,327 unigenes of T. turgidum. Compared with the genomes of rice and barley, 14,404 and 7,007 unigenes were matched with 14,608 genes of barley and 7,708 genes of rice, respectively. On the other hand, 2,148, 1,611, and 2,707 unigenes were expressed specifically in roots, stems, and leaves, respectively. Finally, 5,531 SSR sequences were observed from 4,531 unigenes, and 518 primer pairs were designed.
A Modular Activation/Coherence Approach to Evaluating Clinical/QEEG Correlations and for Guiding Neurofeedback Training: Modular Insufficiencies, Modular Excesses, Disconnections, and Hyperconnections (2007)

Current approaches to QEEG-guided neurofeedback involve efforts to normalize the abnormalities seen, without reference to the functional localization of the cortical areas involved. Recent advances in cortical neurophysiology indicate that specific brain areas are developed to perform certain functions (cortical modules). Complex brain functions require cooperation between modules, particularly during a learning situation. For example, the left prefrontal "activation module" must cooperate with one or both occipital "visual modules" to attend and see something on a chalkboard. To remember what has been seen, both temporal "memory modules" must cooperate with the visual modules for the image to be retained in short-term memory. If the connections between these modules are not functioning optimally, visual learning will be impaired. Decreased coherence (hypocoherence) indicates a decrease in functional connectivity between these modules, and increased coherence (hypercoherence) indicates an increase in functional connectivity between the modules. Neurofeedback can be used to normalize coherence between these modules, thereby improving the efficiency of their cooperation in the learning process. If coherence is less than normal, it is trained up. If coherence is more than normal, it is trained down. Three cases are presented where this approach has succeeded in remediating the client's symptoms.
Ten year progressive ventricular enlargement in schizophrenia: An MRI morphometrical study (2001)

Recent studies of the brain using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have suggested progressive structural changes in schizophrenics. However, those studies were conducted over periods of less than 5 years and thus lacked sufficient capacity to determine the course and nature of this process. In this study, MRI scans were obtained in 15 schizophrenics and 12 controls at baseline and after 4- and 10-year follow ups. Volumes of the lateral ventricles were measured. Patients were assessed by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) at the same two time points: at baseline and at 10-year follow up. After 10 years, a significant lateral ventricular enlargement was found in patients (mean percentage change: +22.9%) but not in controls (5.1%). Although our results are not in disagreement with the neurodevelopmental hypothesis, they do provide strong evidence that in schizophrenia progressive brain reduction occurs even in its chronic stage.
Will 10 Million People Die a Year due to Antimicrobial Resistance by 2050? (2016)

Marlieke de Kraker and colleagues reflect on the need for better global estimates for the burden of antimicrobial resistance.
Krisenvermeidung und Krisenbewältigung in der GmbH - ZGR-Symposion vom 13./14. Januar 2006 in Kronberg/Ts (2006)

In einer Zeit, da sich die Debatten im Gesellschaftsrecht ganz auf den Kapitalschutz und die Berechtigung seines Fortbestehens konzentrieren, über „Krisenvermeidung und Krisenbewältigung in der GmbH“ nachzudenken und zu diskutieren, mag manchem schon als verwegen erscheinen. Dennoch: nach der Überzeugung der ZGR-Herausgeber entfaltet dies Generalthema in mehrfacher Hinsicht besonderen Reiz.
Induction of Cancer Cell Death by Hyaluronic Acid-Mediated Uptake of Cytochrome C (2015)

Effective cancer treatment needs both, passive and active targeting approaches, to achieve highly specific drug delivery to the target cells while avoiding cytotoxicity to normal cells. Protein drugs are useful in this context because they can display excellent specificity and potency. However, their use in therapeutic formulations is limited due to their physical and chemical instability during storage and administration. Polysaccharides have been used to stabilize proteins during formulation and delivery. To accomplish both, stabilization and targeting simultaneously, the apoptosis-inducing protein cytochrome c (Cyt c) was modified with the polysaccharide hyaluronic acid (HA) because its corresponding receptor CD44 is overexpressed in many cancers. Cyt c-HA bioconjugates were formed using low and high molecular weight HA (8 kDa and 1 MDa) with a resultant Cyt c loading percentage of 4%. Circular dichroism and a cell-free caspase assay showed minor structural changes and high bioactivity (more than 80% caspase activation) of Cyt c, respectively, after bioconjugate formation. Two CD44-positive cancer cells lines, HeLa and A549 cells, and two CD44-negative normal cell lines, Huvec and NIH-3T3 cells, were incubated with the samples to assess selectivity and cytotoxicity. After 24 h of incubation with the samples, cancer cell viability was reduced at least 3-fold while CD44-negative control cell lines remained minimally affected. Fluorescence imaging confirmed selective internalization of the Cyt c-HA construct by CD44-positive cancer cell lines. These results demonstrate the development of a drug delivery system that incorporates passive and active targeting which is essential for cancer treatment.