gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Highly Efficient VRM For Wide Load Range with Dynamic Non-Uniform Current Sharing (2007)

Multiphase converters are widely used especially in powering high-current loads. These converters are conventionally designed with symmetric phases and equal/uniform current sharing. This paper presents a multiphase VRM utilizing the concept of dynamic non-uniform current sharing between non-uniform phases. It is shown in this paper that high efficiency conversion can be achieved over wider load range with non-uniform phase design in multiphase converters and by utilizing the control scheme of dynamically varied non-uniform current sharing ratio between the interleaved phases. It is also shown that the proposed concept does not necessarily cause the increase in the size and cost of VRM design. The concept can be further expanded to the designs of other power stages such as AC-DC and PFC converters, bus converters and isolated or non-isolated converters. Theoretical and experimental results are provided in this paper, and they are compared with conventional symmetric designs with uniform current sharing.
Flexural failure mechanisms of three-dimensional woven textile sandwich panels: Experiments (2013)

Three-point bending tests were conducted to reveal the failure mechanisms of the three-dimensional WTSC. Sixteen groups of experiments were designed and performed based on the orthotropic core structure and different thicknesses of the two skins. Bended along the weft direction, skin yielding and crimpling renders WTSC ductile failure mode. Bended along the warp direction, skin cracking renders WTSC brittle–ductile failure mode, while core shearing renders a quasi-brittle mode. After the initial failure, the progression of plastic hinges renders WTSC residual load capacity in a long deformation plateau, while fractures of lower skins lead to complete and abrupt failures. According to the experiments, failure mechanisms of WTSC include skin fracture, skin yielding, skin crimpling, tensile failure, indentation, and core shearing. Strength of the skins and the core in the warp and weft directions were predicted. The woven skin and the woven core are stronger in the weft direction. These failure mechanisms lead to six typical styles of flexural deflection curves having different brittle and ductile characteristics.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase-2 Suppresses Lymph Node Metastasis via Reduction of Lymphangiogenesis (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase-2 Suppresses Lymph Node Metastasis via Reduction of Lymphangiogenesis
Benchmarking an Embedded Adaptive Sampling Configuration Interaction Method for Surface Reactions: H2 Desorption from and CH4 Dissociation on Cu(111) (2020)

Embedded (emb-) correlated wavefunction (CW) theory enables accurate assessments of both ground- and excited-state reaction mechanisms involved in heterogeneous catalysis. Embedded multireference second-order perturbation theory (emb-MRPT2) based on reference wavefunctions generated via embedded complete active space self-consistent field (emb-CASSCF) theory is currently state-of-the-art. However, the factorial scaling of CASSCF limits the size of active space and the complexity of systems that can be studied. Here, we assess the efficacy of an alternative CW method, adaptive sampling configuration interaction (ASCI)-which enables large active spaces to be used-for studying surface reactions. We couple ASCI with density functional embedding theory (DFET) and benchmark its performance for two reactions: H<sub>2</sub> desorption from and CH<sub>4</sub> dissociation on the Cu(111) surface. Unlike embedded complete active space second-order perturbation theory (emb-CASPT2) that accurately reproduces a measured H<sub>2</sub> desorption barrier, embedded ASCI, using a very large active space (though one that still comprises a small portion of the full set of orbitals) fails to do so. Adding an extra correlation term from embedded Møller-Plesset second-order perturbation theory (emb-MP2) improves the desorption barrier and endothermicity predictions. Thus, the inaccuracy of embedded ASCI comes from the missing dynamic correlation from the many other electrons and orbitals not included in the active space. For CH<sub>4</sub> dissociation, again embedded ASCI overestimates the dissociation barrier compared to emb-CASPT2 predictions. Adding dynamic correlation from emb-MP2 helps correct the barrier. However, this composite approach suffers from double counting of correlation within embedded ASCI followed by emb-MP2 calculations. We therefore conclude that the state-of-the-art emb-MRPT2 based on reference wavefunctions generated via emb-CASSCF remains the method of choice for studying surface reactions. emb-ASCI is useful when large active spaces beyond the limit of emb-CASSCF are essential, such as to study complex surface reactions with significant multiconfigurational character (static correlation) but weak dynamic correlation.
Dynamic Voltage Stability Assessment in Large Power Systems With Topology Control Actions (2015)

This paper proposes a tractable and scalable algorithm to identify and analyze bifurcation points of a large-scale power system model, which are directly related to dynamic voltage instability problems. Different types of bifurcations are analyzed, including: saddle-node (fold), Hopf, singularity-induced and limit-induced. An algorithm that combines optimization and predictor-corrector procedure is proposed for equilibrium tracing. The algorithm is based on calculation of only critical (rightmost and closest-to-zero) eigenvalues. The proposed algorithm is extended to the case of dynamic voltage stability assessment for power systems with optimized topology (simultaneously subjected to the topology control changes and generation re-dispatch). The proposed approach is illustrated on two (medium- and large-scale real-world) test power systems.
Pocket International Encyclopedia of Business and Management (1992)

With over 400 entries, this book provides handy introductions to a full range of business and management techniques, disciplines and concepts. The coverage is international with geographic-based entries for more than 50 countries, numerous entries on global perspectives as well as detailed explanations of specific practices and thinking. Rather than simple dictionary definitions, the text provides briefings of the issues surrounding a topic so that the reader can gain awareness as well as understanding quickly. There are entries covering the main aspects of accounting, economics, finance, HRM and industrial/labour relations, international management, manufacturing, information systems, marketing, operations management and research, organization behaviour and strategy.
Characterization of a preleukemic state induced by Moloney murine leukemia virus: evidence for two infection events during leukemogenesis. (1987)

A preleukemic state in mice inoculated with Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo-MuLV) was characterized. Six to 10 weeks after neonatal inoculation, animals developed mild splenomegaly and generalized hematopoietic hyperplasia. The hyperplasia was evident from myeloid and erythroid progenitor assays. A nonleukemogenic variant, Mo+PyF101 Mo-MuLV, did not induce the hyperplasia; this suggests that the hyperplasia is a necessary event in Mo-MuLV leukemogenesis. Another variant, MF-MuLV, which contains the long terminal repeat of Friend MuLV and causes erythroid leukemia instead of T-cell lymphoma, also induced the preleukemic hyperplasia. A model for Mo-MuLV leukemogenesis is presented in which two infection events are necessary: the first leads to generalized hematopoietic hyperplasia, and the second results in site-specific insertion and long terminal repeat activation of cellular protooncogenes.
Channel-Max, Channel-Drop and Stochastic Max-pooling (2015)

We propose three regularization techniques to overcome drawbacks of local winner-take-all methods used in deep convolutional networks. Channel-Max inherits the max activation unit from Maxout networks, but otherwise adopts complementary subsets of input and filters with different kernel sizes as better companions to the max function. To balance the training on different pathways, Channel-Drop is employed to randomly discard half pathways before their inputs are convolved respectively. Stochastic Max-pooling is defined to reduce the overfitting caused by conventional max-pooling, in which half activations are randomly dropped in each pooling region during training and top largest activations are probabilistically averaged during testing. Using Channel-Max, Channel-Drop and Stochastic Max-pooling, we demonstrate state-of-the-art performance on four benchmark datasets: CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, STL-10 and SVHN.
Synergistically segmenting choroidal layer and vessel using deep learning for choroid structure analysis (2022)

<i>Objective</i>. The choroid is the most vascularized structure in the human eye, whose layer structure and vessel distribution are both critical for the physiology of the retina, and disease pathogenesis of the eye. Although some works have used graph-based methods or convolutional neural networks to separate the choroid layer from the outer-choroid structure, few works focused on further distinguishing the inner-choroid structure, such as the choroid vessel and choroid stroma.<i>Approach.</i>Inspired by the multi-task learning strategy, in this paper, we propose a segmentation pipeline for choroid analysis which can separate the choroid layer from other structures and segment the choroid vessel synergistically. The key component of this pipeline is the proposed choroidal U-shape network (CUNet), which catches both correlation features and specific features between the choroid layer and the choroid vessel. Then pixel-wise classification is generated based on these two types of features to obtain choroid layer segmentation and vessel segmentation. Besides, the training process of CUNet is supervised by a proposed adaptive multi-task segmentation loss which adds a regularization term that is used to balance the performance of the two tasks.<i>Main results.</i>Experiments show the high performance (4% higher dice score) and less computational complexity (18.85 M lower size) of our proposed strategy.<i>Significance.</i>The high performance and generalization on both choroid layer and vessel segmentation indicate the clinical potential of our proposed pipeline.
Atomistic mechano-chemical modeling of kinesins (2011)

This work is concerned with the dynamics of motor proteins. In particular, we discuss the development of computational analysis tools for predicting the dynamics of molecular motors such as certain types of kinesin. The ability to model and predict how these biomolecular machines work forms the critical link to biotechnological device development, including lab-on-a-chip applications and many others. The focus of this research is on the identification and modeling of nonlinear dynamic phenomena caused by coupled thermal, chemical, and mechanical fields. A mechanistic model of kinesin has been developed recently at the University of Michigan. This model accounts for transient dynamics and uses parameters which have to be identified from experimental data and/or from first principles. In this work, accurate atomistic simulations using a monomeric human kinesin structure (PDB ID: 1MKJ, 2.70 Angstroms resolution) is used instead of experimental data to obtain key nano-scale properties of the motor protein. The approach allows an accurate bridging between nano-scale processes occurring over pico seconds and micron- or millimeter-scale processes occurring over seconds.
Delay estimation for transform domain acoustical echo cancellation (1999)

Acoustic echo cancellation can be used to remove talker feedback in hands-free systems. Fast convergence and good tracking capabilities cannot be achieved by classical transform domain adaptive filtering algorithms when the reference signal has a variable rank autocorrelation matrix. During the low rank phases of the speech signal, some of the transform-domain tap coefficients become irrelevant to the adaptation process and stop adapting. When the autocorrelation matrix gains full rank, there will be no longer any “frozen” weights. In this paper, we focus on the DCTLMS algorithm and present a new method using a DCT based delay estimate from other coefficients to move the frozen weights closer to the optimal point and, consequently, reduce the overall re-convergence time.
In Silico Prediction of Human Pathogenicity in the γ-Proteobacteria (2010)

The proposed approach was demonstrated to go beyond the species bias imposed by evolutionary relatedness, and performs better than predictors based solely on taxonomy or sequence similarity. A set of protein families that differentiate pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains were identified, including families of yet uncharacterized proteins that are suggested to be involved in bacterial pathogenicity.
Localization of spherical photoacoustic sources in acrylamide gels using time domain measurements (2000)

Photoacoustic imaging may be used to detect tumor masses in biological tissue. In particular, time of flight measurements of the photoacoustic waves may indicate tumor location. Here we use time of flight information to localize spherical photoacoustic sources in tissue phantoms. A Q- switched, frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser operating at 532nm with a pulse duration of 5 ns irradiated absorbing spheres 2 mm in diameter. The spheres were in mineral oil or turbid acrylamide blocks. A PVDF acoustic transducer was built and used to detect the acoustic waves. The position of the detector was translated so that the time of flight information from two acoustic waveforms from the source could be correlated by a convolution algorithm. This convolution result in a 2D map indicating the position of the source. Source location was indicated to within 5 percent of the true location for acoustic propagation distances of 20 mm. An image source is also indicated when the true source was in proximity to a reflecting boundary.© (2000) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Mining information for instance unification (2006)

Abstract. Instance unification determines whether two instances in an ontology refer to the same object in the real world. More specifically, this paper addresses the instance unification problem for person names. The approach combines the use of citation information (i.e., abstract, initials, titles and co-authorship information) with web mining, in order to gather additional evidence for the instance unification algorithm. The method is evaluated on two datasets – one from the BT digital library and one used in previous work on name disambiguation. The results show that the information mined from the web contributes substantially towards the successful handling of highly ambiguous cases which lowered the performance of previous methods. 1
Enzyme-Assisted Photoinitiated Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly: An Oxygen-Tolerant Method for Preparing Block Copolymer Nano-Objects in Open Vessels and Multiwell Plates (2017)

High-throughput synthesis of well-defined polymer nano-objects has long been an attractive yet challenging topic in the area of polymer chemistry and material science. Herein, we report an enzyme-assisted photoinitiated polymerization-induced self-assembly (photo-PISA) approach to prepare well-defined AB diblock or ABC triblock copolymer nano-objects at room temperature in open vessels and multiwell plates. Kinetic studies indicated that the presence of glucose oxidase (GOx) endowed the polymerizations with excellent oxygen tolerance. Good control was maintained during the enzyme-assisted photo-PISA process. This method facilitates high-throughput PISA, allowing for the construction of a detailed phase diagram in a rather short time. We also demonstrate the potential bio-related application of this method by the successful encapsulation of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) into self-assembled polymer vesicles without compromising protein activities. This robust oxygen-tolerant PISA approach leads to unprecedented access to well-defined polymer nano-objects for nonexperts.
Urinary Adenylate Kinase Isoenzyme Pattern in Patients with Myocardial Infarction (1983)

Adenylate kinase was purified in pooled urinary samples from patients with uncomplicated myocardial infarction. The purification procedure included ammonium sulfate precipitation and column chromatographic steps. It was necessary to stabilize the enzyme during purification with 2-mercaptoethanol and AMP. Polyacrylamidgelelectrophoresis in sodium dodecanyl sulfate revealed the release of 4 different isoenzymes of AK into urine from patients with myocardial infarction. The molecular weights of these isoenzymes were estimated to be 21,000; 24,000; 33,000 and 36,000, respectively.
Kinetics of thermalization in shock waves (2002)

The recently developed interlaced system which can be employed for the numerical calculation of flow problems with arbitrary cell-Knudsen numbers, Knc=λ/Δx (λ=mean free path length, Δx=typical computational cell dimension), has been extended by introducing a Lennard–Jones (LJ) interaction potential. The scattering behavior of the LJ-model is quite different from that of the previously used hard-sphere (HS) model: The HS-model has a symmetric dipole-type scattering lobe, whereas the scattering lobe of the LJ-model shows a strong forward scattering, due to the large cross sections for low energy collisions. The influence of this scattering behavior on the collisional loss frequency ν and the gain function fg=G/ν (with G being the gain rate) in the kinetic equation is considerable and may be roughly stated as follows: For the HS-model the loss rate is small but the collisional redistribution is very efficient, for the LJ-model the situation is reversed. The kinetics of thermalization controlled by the loss and gain terms is studied, in a first step, using a pseudo-shock (with space homogeneity). In a second step, the structure of normal shock waves is calculated by using both models (HS; LJ for helium and argon). Comparison of density profiles with existing shock tube experiments show fair agreement for the LJ-model but too small shock thickness for the HS-model. Results for the stress term σxx and the heat flux qx are in good agreement with simple estimates for large Mach numbers, M1≫1, where we find, for the extrema of these moments, that |σxx|∼M12 and |qx|∼M13. The complex interaction of loss and gain terms and their dependence on the energy of the interacting particles has some influence on the shock thickness. We find that, with decreasing upstream temperature T1, also the shock wave thickness decreases, while the minima of σxx and qx practically remain unchanged. When testing the collisional terms used in the BGK-model, with a constant loss term ν and a gain function fg=fM (M=Maxwellian), we find the typical upstream tail in the density and temperature profiles, as it was calculated before.
Effect of Ageing on the Elastic Modulus of Some Tablet Film Coatings (1985)

Effect of Ageing on the Elastic Modulus of Some Tablet Film Coatings Get access A O Okhamafe, A O Okhamafe Postgraduate School of Studies in Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UKFaculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin, Nigeria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P York P York Postgraduate School of Studies in Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 37, Issue Supplement_12, December 1985, Page 26P, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1985.tb14098.x Published: 12 April 2011
Generation of edge-preserved noise-added phase-only hologram (2016)

Noise addition is a simple but effective method for generating a phase-only hologram (POH) of an object. Briefly, the intensity image of an object is added with random phase noise and converted into a digital Fresnel hologram. Subsequently, the phase component of the hologram is retained as the POH. Although the method is fast and the visual quality of the reconstructed image is acceptable, the edges and lines patterns are heavily fragmented. In this Letter, we propose a method to overcome this problem. An experimental evaluation based on numerical and optical reconstructions reveals that a hologram generated by our proposed method is capable of preserving line patterns with favorable quality.
Extratemporal quantitative MR volumetrics and neuropsychological status in temporal lobe epilepsy (2003)

Neuropsychological studies of temporal lobe epilepsy have focused heavily on the nature and extent of memory dysfunction and its relationship to the neuropathological status of the hippocampus and related mesial temporal lobe structures. In this study, we examined whole brain and lobar quantitative MRI volumes and comprehensive neuropsychological performance in 58 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and 62 healthy controls in order to determine (1) the nature and degree of extratemporal structural abnormalities in localization-related temporal lobe epilepsy: (2) the nature and degree of cognitive abnormalities outside of anterograde memory function; and (3) the relationship of volumetric abnormalities to neuropsychological status. Temporal lobe epilepsy patients exhibited significant reduction in the volume of adjusted (age, gender, height) total cerebral tissue (-5.8%), more evident in white (-9.8%) compared to gray matter (-3.0%) tissue volumes. Significant volumetric reductions were evident across frontal, temporal and parietal but not occipital lobe regions. Subarachnoid but not total ventricular CSF was significantly increased in epilepsy patients. Neuropsychological abnormality was generalized in nature, consistent with the generalized nature of the morphometric abnormalities, and reductions in cerebral tissue volumes were directly associated with poorer cognitive performance. In summary, patients with temporal lobe epilepsy exhibited clinically significant structural and functional abnormalities that extended outside the epileptogenic temporal lobe. The degree to which these structural and cognitive abnormalities are due to factors that cause the epilepsy, as opposed to reflecting the consequences of chronic epilepsy (e.g., duration and severity of epilepsy), remain to be determined.
Advanced gray‐scale compensator for TN‐LCDs for avionics applications (1997)

Abstract— The gray‐scale and contrast‐viewing‐angle deficiencies of normally white TN‐LCDs must be overcome for the device to be utilized in high‐performance avionics display applications. A compensator that enhances the contrast and gray scale of normally white TN‐LCDs over a wide range of viewing angles is described. The compensator includes a unique biaxial element with an obliquely oriented principal optical axis. The compensator's design, fabrication, modeled performance, and performance measured on an avionics display system are presented.