gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Automated measurement of retinal vascular diameter]. (1991)

We describe a new unit of the Jena retinal camera for automatic measurement of retinal vessel diameter. The brightness profile perpendicular to the vessel is registered by CCD line sensor and the signal is transmitted to the computer. An adaptive computer program recognizes the edges of vessels and estimates the vessel diameters automatically. Applying several measurements per vessel, the intraindividual standard deviation may be smaller than 3%. By using the same objective measuring edge criterion, the measuring results are comparable between different observers and methods. Error sources are discussed. Measured vessel reactions to oxygen breathing and reduced perfusion pressure are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of this new method.
E-band cavity diplexer based on micromachined technology (2015)

A robust and tuneless micromachined waveguide diplexer operating in the frequency range 71–86 GHz is here presented. The diplexer is based on multiple coupled cavities and it is manufactured using micromachining technology on two staked silicon layers. The diplexer consists of two filters combined to a common waveguide port via an E-plane T-junction. The two eight-order band-pass filters are centered at 73.5 and 83.5 GHz. The fractional bandwidths for two bands are 8.8 and 7.8% at higher- and lower-band, respectively. The measured insertion loss is below 0.7 dB for both the filters and the diplexer isolation is better than 55 dB, as required. The proposed technology allows for a very compact device (&lt;20 × 20 × 1.5 mm) and the first prototypes were proved to be very robust to manufacturing tolerances and environmental tests, thus leading to an excellent tuneless manufacturing yield in future production. The diplexer will be employed in next generation terrestrial radio-link communications front-ends.
Developing and evaluating a patient decision aid for hormone therapy to manage symptoms of surgical menopause: the story behind the “SheEmpowers” patient decision aid (2020)

Through our adopted, systematic approach the SheEmpowers PDA was developed to help women overcome deterrents to decision-making related to lack of knowledge, decision-making skills, and involvement in therapy decisions. The decisional effectiveness of the tool is to be assessed in future studies.
Safety and Feasibility of Laparoscopic Pelvic Exenteration for Locally Advanced or Recurrent Colorectal Cancer (2019)

Laparoscopic PE is a safe and feasible procedure to reduce postoperative stress.
Abstract LB-284: Bone marrow-derived progenitor cells develop into myeloid-derived suppressor cells at metastatic sites. (2013)

Abstract The ability of tumor cells to metastasize to distant tissues is the most lethal aspect of cancer. Prior to detectable metastasis tumors elicit distant changes within the bone marrow and future sites of metastasis, including formation of the pre-metastatic niche. We have found that prior to detectable spontaneous metastasis, a primary tumor causes enhanced production and mobilization of progenitor cells from the bone marrow into the blood. We find in cancer patients that increased circulating progenitors are associated with metastatic disease progression. By utilizing bone marrow transplant models and a novel ex vivo lung culture, we demonstrate that bone marrow-derived progenitor cells accumulate at the primary tumor as well as metastatic lesions. As our cancer models approach detectable spontaneous metastases, we observe a loss of progenitor cells in pre-metastatic sites and an increase in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). We further traced adoptively transferred bone marrow-derived progenitors in tumor-bearing mice and demonstrate that these cells contribute to the MDSC population. Together, these data suggest that circulating progenitor cells provide a prognostic tool to predict metastatic dissemination. Furthermore, these cells likely contribute to metastatic progression by developing into MDSCs within the primary tumor and at metastatic sites. Citation Format: Amber Giles, Yorleny Vicioso, Christianne Persenaire, Miki Kasai, Steven Highfill, Arnulfo Mendoza, Rosandra Kaplan. Bone marrow-derived progenitor cells develop into myeloid-derived suppressor cells at metastatic sites. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-284. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-284
Bacterial IAA-Delivery into Medicago Root Nodules Triggers a Balanced Stimulation of C and N Metabolism Leading to a Biomass Increase (2019)

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is the main auxin acting as a phytohormone in many plant developmental processes. The ability to synthesize IAA is widely associated with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Several studies have been published on the potential application of PGPR to improve plant growth through the enhancement of their main metabolic processes. In this study, the IAA-overproducing <i>Ensifer meliloti</i> strain RD64 and its parental strain 1021 were used to inoculate <i>Medicago sativa</i> plants. After verifying that the endogenous biosynthesis of IAA did not lead to genomic changes during the initial phases of the symbiotic process, we analyzed whether the overproduction of bacterial IAA inside root nodules influenced, in a coordinated manner, the activity of the nitrogen-fixing apparatus and the photosynthetic function, which are the two processes playing a key role in legume plant growth and productivity. Higher nitrogen-fixing activity and a greater amount of total nitrogen (N), carbon (C), Rubisco, nitrogen-rich amino acids, soluble sugars, and organic acids were measured for RD64-nodulated plants compared to the plants nodulated by the wild-type strain 1021. Furthermore, the RD64-nodulated plants showed a biomass increase over time, with the highest increment (more than 60%) being reached at six weeks after infection. Our findings show that the RD64-nodulated plants need more substrate derived from photosynthesis to generate the ATP required for their increased nitrogenase activity. This high carbohydrate demand further stimulates the photosynthetic function with the production of molecules that can be used to promote plant growth. We thus speculate that the use of PGPR able to stimulate both C and N metabolism with a balanced C/N ratio represents an efficient strategy to obtain substantial gains in plant productivity.
Macular pigment optical density and its determinants in a Russian population: the ural eye and medical study (2022)

A higher RPD prevalence and lower stage of open-angle glaucoma were ophthalmological disorders associated with a higher MPOD in a multivariable analysis, including parameters of older age, pseudophakia, female sex, rural region, lower body mass index and lower perifoveal retinal thickness.
Constructing Realistic Canine Bilayer Biatrial Mesh for the Modeling and Simulation of Atria Fibrillation (2020)

An improved appreciation of the mechanisms underlying atrial fibrillation (AF) is essential for better arrhythmia management. A deeper understanding requires a full consideration of atrial geometry. Here, we develop the first anatomically accurate high-resolution canine atrial computational bilayer model for AF studies.
Partial volume correction and image segmentation for accurate measurement of standardized uptake value of grey matter in the brain (2015)

The accurate metabolic activity of the grey matter can be calculated using the novel segmentation technique that we applied to MRI. By combining these quantitative data with those generated from F-FDG-PET images we were able to calculate the accurate metabolic activity of the grey matter. These types of measurements will be of great value in accurate analysis of the data from patients with neuropsychiatric disorders.
Implication and equivalence I / O (1985)

We here introduce the idea of 'implication' and 'equivalence' of I/O devices (Sec. I). 'Implication' and 'equivalence' are relations defined between devices. If a device-A implies device-B then operations performed on A are also performed on B. If device-A and device-B are equivalent the operations performed on a are performed on B also, and vice-versa. These device relations are analogous to algebraic 'implies' and 'equivalence' relations (Sec. II). Thus they promise the power of algebraic manipulations on the 'logical' devices. We cite some existing examples of cases where such relations may be defined, though in a primitive form. We conclude by citing some areas of utility for this power.
Scoping Out Scour (1993)

Bridge scour—soil erosion around piers and pilings—threatens tens of thousands of bridges across the U.S. Traditionally, engineers have mapped bridge scour by driving probes into the subbottom or having divers perform visual inspections. Increasingly, inspectors are relying on nondestructive testing tools (such as subsurface interface radar and marine seismic systems) that can provide more precise data more quickly. These systems fall into two catagories: postflood measurement systems, and real-time systems that monitor the streambed during floods. They can also be portable or fixed systems. However, each scour measurement method, whether used after or during a flood, has strengths and weaknesses, depending on the type and depth of the water and the subbottom conditions. What is crucial for engineers and bridge inspectors to remember is that these techniques and traditional methods, are complementary, not mutually exclusive. Public sector agencies including the Federal Highway Administration, approximately 17 state highway agencies, the National Cooperative Highway Research Program and the U.S. Geological Survey have joined forces to conduct some tests of the technology. Applications are discussed.
Emerging therapeutic targets in focal stroke and brain trauma: cytokines and the brain inflammatory response to injury (1998)

(1998). Emerging therapeutic targets in focal stroke and brain trauma: cytokines and the brain inflammatory response to injury. Emerging Therapeutic Targets: Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 17-39.
Air Pollution and Autonomic and Vascular Dysfunction in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: Interactions of Systemic Inflammation, Overweight, and Gender (2012)

The authors conducted a 2-year follow-up of 40 cardiovascular disease patients (mean age = 65.6 years (standard deviation, 5.8)) who underwent repeated measurements of cardiovascular response before and during the 2008 Beijing Olympics (Beijing, China), when air pollution was strictly controlled. Ambient levels of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 µm (PM(2.5)), black carbon, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone, and carbon monoxide were measured continuously, with validation of concurrent real-time measurements of personal exposure to PM(2.5) and carbon monoxide. Linear mixed-effects models were used with adjustment for individual risk factors, time-varying factors, and meteorologic effects. Significant heart rate variability reduction and blood pressure elevation were observed in association with exposure to air pollution. Specifically, interquartile-range increases of 51.8 µg/m(3), 2.02 µg/m(3), and 13.7 ppb in prior 4-hour exposure to PM(2.5), black carbon, and nitrogen dioxide were associated with significant reductions in the standard deviation of the normal-to-normal intervals of 4.2% (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.9, 6.4), 4.2% (95% CI: 1.8, 6.6), and 3.9% (95% CI: 2.2, 5.7), respectively. Greater heart rate variability declines were observed among subjects with C-reactive protein values above the 90th percentile, subjects with a body mass index greater than 25, and females. The authors conclude that autonomic and vascular dysfunction may be one of the mechanisms through which air pollution exposure can increase cardiovascular disease risk, especially among persons with systemic inflammation and overweight.
Control of Transitional and Turbulent Flows Using Plasma-Based Actuators (2006)

Abstract : An exploratory numerical study of the control of transitional and turbulent separated flows by means of asymmetric dielectric-barrier-discharge (DBD) actuators is presented. The flow fields are simulated employing an extensively validated high-fidelity Navier-Stokes solver which is augmented with both phenomenological and first-principles models representing the plasma-induced body forces imparted by the actuator on the fluid. Several applications are considered, including suppression of wing stall, control of boundary layer transition on a plate, control of laminar separation over a ramp, and turbulent separation over a wall-mounted hump. Effective suppression of stall over a NACA 0015 airfoil at moderate Reynolds numbers is demonstrated using either co-flow or counter-flow pulsed actuators with sufficiently high frequency. By contrast, continuous actuation (simulated by a steady body force in the phenomenological model) is found to provide little control of separation. For continuous actuator operation, the first-principles approach is needed in order to reproduce the benefits of the inherently unsteady force induced by the plasma actuator. The pulsed-modulated unsteady plasma force is found to be more effective than a monochromatic radio-frequency forcing. These results highlight the greater importance of transition and turbulence enhancement mechanisms rather than pure wall-jet momentum injection for the effective use of DBD devices. As a consequence, meaningful computations require the use of three-dimensional large-eddy simulation approaches capable of capturing the effects of unsteady forcing on the transitional/turbulent flow structure. For a laminar boundary layer developing along a flat plate, a counter-flow DBD actuator is shown to provide an effective on-demand tripping device.
ChemInform Abstract: Influence of Lead and Potassium Concentrations on Properties of Pb2KNb5O15 Ferroelectric Ceramics. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Immunomodulating effects of synthetic polyribonucleotides. (1985)

The polynucleotide complexes are a class of compounds whose activities to date deserve close scrutiny with respect to their potential role as biological response-modifying agents in human disease. The challenge for the future lies in directing and controlling their activity with respect to a single desired effect, such that intelligent interference in patients with immunological aberrancies might occur.
Experimental evaluation of a grouping method employing network allocation vector based on IEEE802.11 wireless LAN (2014)

With the rapid growth in the number of wireless LAN (WLAN) stations (STAs) complying with IEEE802.11 standards, like smartphones, heavy congestion is a common occurrence where many STAs are present. In this paper, to solve this problem, we propose a transmit constraint method that takes account of transmission speed, in addition the number of STAs. The proposed scheme is confirmed by experimental measurements using an IEEE802.11b/g compliant access point (AP). The proposed scheme highly offers effective priority STA protection. These results confirm about two times system throughput higher than conventional scheme.
Endothelial RhoA Regulates Breast Cancer Metastasis (2019)

Metastasis is the cause of more than 90% of cancer‐related deaths. An important step in metastatic process is the migration of the disseminating cancer cells through the endothelial monolayer during entrance or exit from the vasculature. Activation of endothelial RhoA‐ROCK pathway has been implicated in the regulation of vascular permeability in various pathophysiological conditions. In the present study, we have investigated the role of this pathway in trans‐endothelial migration and metastasis of breast cancer cells. RhoA activation was identified by RhoA pull‐down experiments of murine and human breast cancer cell supernatant on primary endothelial cells. Cancer cell trans‐endothelial migration efficiency was explored through an in vitro transwell‐based two‐cell co‐culture model. RhoA signaling pathway was blocked by both pharmacological inhibition and knockdown experiments. In vivo metastatic potential was identified by experimental metastasis models of murine and human breast cancer cell lines using endothelial‐specific RhoA‐deficient mice or clinically relevant ROCK inhibitors. We identified that the diverse metastatic potential of a panel of human breast cancer cell lines correlated with the RhoA activation efficiency of their supernatant on primary endothelial cells. Secretome analysis revealed that IL‐8 (over)expression was relevant to breast cancer cell aggressiveness and its functionality was tested with gain‐and loss‐of‐function experiments. In vivo , experimental metastasis experiments with the syngeneic breast cancer cell line E0771 showed that endothelial RhoA deficiency decreased the metastatic potential. Similar inhibition was obtained with treatment with the clinically‐relevant ROCK inhibitor, Fasudil, in experimental metastasis experiments of murine and human cell lines using immune‐competent and immune‐deficient mice respectively. Collectively, our in vitro and in vivo findings demonstrate that the endothelial RhoA‐ROCK pathway affects breast cancer trans‐endothelial migration and metastasis and propose endothelial RhoA inhibition as a novel therapy for breast cancer metastases. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Comparative Genomic Analysis of 31 Phytophthora Genomes Reveals Genome Plasticity and Horizontal Gene Transfer (2022)

<i>Phytophthora</i> species are oomycete plant pathogens that cause great economic and ecological impacts. The <i>Phytophthora</i> genus includes over 180 known species, infecting a wide range of plant hosts, including crops, trees, and ornamentals. We sequenced the genomes of 31 individual <i>Phytophthora</i> species and 24 individual transcriptomes to study genetic relationships across the genus. <i>De nov</i>o genome assemblies revealed variation in genome sizes, numbers of predicted genes, and in repetitive element content across the <i>Phytophthora</i> genus. A genus-wide comparison evaluated orthologous groups of genes. Predicted effector gene counts varied across <i>Phytophthora</i> species by effector family, genome size, and plant host range. Predicted numbers of apoplastic effectors increased as the host range of <i>Phytophthora</i> species increased. Predicted numbers of cytoplasmic effectors also increased with host range but leveled off or decreased in <i>Phytophthora</i> species that have enormous host ranges. With extensive sequencing across the <i>Phytophthora</i> genus, we now have the genomic resources to evaluate horizontal gene transfer events across the oomycetes. Using a machine-learning approach to identify horizontally transferred genes with bacterial or fungal origin, we identified 44 candidates over 36 <i>Phytophthora</i> species genomes. Phylogenetic reconstruction indicates that the transfers of most of these 44 candidates happened in parallel to major advances in the evolution of the oomycetes and <i>Phytophthora</i> spp. We conclude that the 31 genomes presented here are essential for investigating genus-wide genomic associations in genus <i>Phytophthora</i>. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
SONG OF HOKI: A REPROOF OF THOSE WHO TEACH FALSE HISTORY (2011)

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An example of verification, validation, and reporting of indoor environment CFD analyses (RP-1133) (2002)

This paper illustrates a step-by-step process on how to use Manual for Verification, Validation, and Reporting of Indoor Environment CFD analyses developed by ASHRAE. The details of the manual are further explained through an example of indoor environment modeling (an office with mechanical displacement ventilation). The verification, validation, and reporting do not have to be documented in a uniform format, but do have a very similar procedure. The emphasis of the verification and validation is problem dependent. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) user plays an important role in the verification and validation. An accurate and successful simulation is a combined effort of the CFD code and the CFD user.
Microfluidic encryption of on-chip biochemical assays (2016)

Recent security analysis of digital micro-fluidic biochips (DMFBs) has revealed that the DMFB design flow is vulnerable to IP piracy, Trojan attacks, overproduction, and counterfeiting. An attacker can launch assay manipulation attacks against DMFBs that are used for clinical diagnostics in healthcare. Moreover, security for lab-on-chip has emerged as an important design criterion in view of the recent findings about spurious test results from Theranos Edison devices. We present encryption based on micro-fluidic multiplexers, wherein an assay is encrypted with a secret-key pattern of fluidic operations. Only an authorized user of the DMFB possesses the secret-key pattern and can get the correct assay outcome. Simulation results show that for practical assays, e.g., protein dilution, an 8-bit secret key is sufficient for overcoming threats to DMFBs.
Protein-Protein Interactions in Membranes (2011)

In this article we review the current status of our understanding of membrane mediated interactions from theory and experiment. Phenomenological mean field and molecular models will be discussed and compared to recent experimental results from dynamical neutron scattering and atomic force microscopy.
High speed transmission line directional protection evaluation using field data (1999)

The performance of an Elman recurrent network-based relay in determining the fault direction on a power transmission line on fault data recorded in the field is described in this paper. The network uses samples of voltage and current signals to learn the hidden relationship existing in the input patterns. Studies show that the proposed network is able to identify the fault direction correctly and rapidly. Results obtained indicate that the proposed network is robust, fast and accurate.
Plasma phospholipid fatty acid profile confirms compliance to a novel saturated fat-reduced, monounsaturated fat-enriched dairy product intervention in adults at moderate cardiovascular risk: a randomized controlled trial (2017)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02089035 , date 05-01-2014.