gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cascading divide-and-conquer: A technique for designing parallel algorithms (1987)

We present techniques for parallel divide-and-conquer, resulting in improved parallel algorithms for a number of problems. The problems for which we give improved algorithms include intersection detection, trapezoidal decomposition (hence, polygon triangulation), and planar point location (hence, Voronoi diagram construction). We also give efficient parallel algorithms for fractional cascading, 3-dimensional maxima, 2-set dominance counting, and visibility from a point. All of our algorithms run in O(log n) time with either a linear or sub-linear number of processors in the CREW PRAM model.
Recognition of the Epstein-Barr virus-encoded nuclear antigens EBNA-4 and EBNA-6 by HLA-A11-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes: implications for down-regulation of HLA-A11 in Burkitt lymphoma. (1992)

Evasion from cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) surveillance may be an important step in the pathogenesis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-carrying Burkitt lymphoma (BL) as suggested by the consistent down-regulation of all transformation-associated viral antigens, except EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1), and of certain HLA class I alleles in BL biopsies and cell lines that maintain the tumor cell phenotype in vitro. The most common HLA class I defect recorded in BL lines is a selective down-regulation of HLA-A11. To gain some insight into the role of HLA-A11 down-regulation in pathogenesis of BL, we have investigated the target specificity of HLA-A11-restricted CTLs derived by stimulation of lymphocytes from three EBV-seropositive individuals with autologous EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines. Recombinant vaccinia viruses carrying the coding sequences for EBNA-1, -2A, -2B, -5, -3, -4, and -6 (also known as EBNA-1, -2A, -2B, -LP, -3a, -3b, and -3c, respectively) and EBV latent membrane protein 1 were used to induce high levels of expression of the relevant EBV antigen in fibroblasts derived from HLA class I-matched individuals. EBNA-4-expressing fibroblasts were the predominant target of HLA-A11-restricted CTLs in all three donors. A less pronounced and less regular EBNA-6-specific cytotoxic component was found in two of the donors.
Low‐Risk Patients (2021)

Severe aortic stenosis (AS) prevalence increases with age, with the main etiology for AS being degenerative. Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) was once the standard of care for the treatment of symptomatic patients with severe AS. Over the last decade, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become the predominant treatment for high-risk patients with severe AS. In this chapter, the authors seek to outline an extensive review of TAVI in the low-surgical-risk patient population. To date, there were reports from four major clinical trials to date comparing TAVI to SAVR for patients with severe AS at low surgical risk. The NOTION, LRT, PARTNER 3, and Evolut Low-Risk trials will continue to report their outcomes for up to 10 years.
A Micromouse Scanning and Planning Algorithm based on Modified Floodfill Methodology with Optimization (2020)

Micromouse is one of the most popular competitions among mobile robotics researchers. This competition brings together several challenges in the field of mobile robotics. It represents an excellent tool in competition field since it stimulates the development and multidisciplinary knowledge as well as group cooperation to carry out the best approach. This work presents a contribution to this issue on exploring the unknown environment and the robot location to obtain an optimized trajectory in the maze, using the modified Floodfill algorithm that considers the cost for the robot rotations around its axis. A comparison is conducted between the modified algorithm and the traditional Floodfill procedure.
Q10 Action-HD: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled prospective crossover trial investigating the efficacy and safety of bupropion in Huntington's disease (2012)

<h3>Background</h3> Apathy is a common behavioural problem in Huntington9s disease (HD), repeatedly ranked as one of the most pressing problems by EHDN investigators. It is defined as the primary absence of motivation, lack of initiative and drive, as well as emotional blunting. Apathy has been related to dysfunctions of frontal lobe areas receiving dopaminergic (DA) projections and thought to be involved in reward and motivation. Effects of DA are regulated by norepinephrine (NE) reuptake in the frontal cortex, which largely lacks DA transporters. Bupropion blocks NE and DA reuptake, hereby potentially increasing DA neurotransmission areas particularly relevant for the generation of apathy. <h3>Aims</h3> To investigate the efficacy and safety of Bupropion in the treatment of apathy in HD. <h3>Methods</h3> In a cross-over design, apathetic HD mutation carriers are randomised to receive either Bupropion 150/300 mg or placebo. Primary outcome parameter is change of apathy evaluation scale (AES) score as judged by a family member after 10 weeks of treatment. Secondary outcome parameters are change of AES score (clinician, study participant) as well as psychiatric, cognitive and motor symptoms, ADL and caregivers distress. In addition, change of DA-mediated ventral striatal and ventromedial prefrontal activation will be investigated in response to a reward paradigm as quantified by fMRI. <h3>Results</h3> In a collaborative process between trial centres and EHDN, Action-HD was refined to a national trial, which has been actively recruiting patients from four major sites in Germany since May 2012. Preliminary longitudinal data suggested that the AES score allows for reliable quantification of apathy. Depression and co-medication with antipsychotics were rigorously excluded. A gambling paradigm was established, which reproducibly induces DA-mediated activation during reward anticipation. It was corrected for changes in vasoreactivity due to age, medication, adapted to chorea and successfully tested in 40 healthy individuals. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Action-HD is the first multicenter investigator-initiated trial dealing with the symptomatic treatment of apathy in HD. The process of development, conduction and termination of this trial will help to define standards for conducting other investigator-initiated trials in HD. In addition, the results of this trial may help to develop an evidence-based therapy for one of the most debilitating neuropsychiatric symptoms in HD. <h3>Funding</h3> This trial is supported by a grant from HSG/HSC, EHDN and Neurocure (DFG).
Intratumor Bacterial Presence and Serum Amyloid A in Colorectal Cancer (2021)

Abstract Background &amp; Aims: The initiation, development, and progression of many cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC), are associated with environmental factors. A significant link exists between specific bacterial infections and cancer incidence, with a strong association between chronic infection, chronic inflammation and colorectal carcinogenesis. Recently, we reported significantly increased levels of lipopolysaccharide in CRC patient blood, compared to that of healthy individuals. By analysing CRC tumors, this study aims to contribute to the identification of (novel) markers/factors associated with CRC tumorigenesis. Methods : Colorectal tumor samples from newly diagnosed (histologically confirmed) CRC patients (n = 24) and morphologically normal colon biopsies (n = 10) were collected and analysed in a cross-sectional study. Immunohistochemistry protocols and statistical signal analysis were used to detect specific bacteria and proteins of interest in human colorectal tissue. Furthermore, the presence of structural protein changes in CRC tumor tissues, compared to control tissues, was investigated using the fluorescent amyloidselective Amytracker™ 630 marker and confocal microscopy. Results : We show an intratumor bacterial presence in CRC patients, with high levels of Escherichia coli strongly associated with CRC. High levels of intratumor serum amyloid A are also strongly associated with CRC. Furthermore, Helicobacter pylori is elevated, but to a smaller degree, and only when we account for data imbalance. We also report a significantly enhanced amyloid-specific fluorescence signal in CRC tumors, compared to control tissues. Conclusions : The role that infections play in a variety of cancers, including CRC, is increasingly recognized, and we provide evidence of a bacterial presence in CRC tumors. The analysis of CRC tumors, in addition to CRC blood, offers unique opportunities to investigate factors that may fuel colorectal carcinogenesis, and to ultimately identify novel markers that are associated with CRC.
Chiral synthesis of prostaglandins from carbohydrates. Synthesis of (+)-15-(S)-prostaglandin A2 (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChiral synthesis of prostaglandins from carbohydrates. Synthesis of (+)-15-(S)-prostaglandin A2Gilbert Stork and Stanley RaucherCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 6, 1583–1584Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00422a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00422a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1388Altmetric-Citations87LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Five-Test Simple Scheme for Species-Level Identification of Clinically Significant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (2003)

A working scheme developed in our laboratory for identification (by species group and species) of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) was evaluated with 201 consecutive isolates and then validated by using the reference method of Kloos and Schleifer (W. E. Kloos and K. H. Schleifer, J. Clin. Microbiol. 1:82-88, 1975). This five-test simple scheme (referred to here as the simple scheme) combines the novobiocin susceptibility test with tests for urease, pyrrolidonyl arylamidase, ornithine decarboxylase, and aerobic acid from mannose. The addition of one or two tests within a particular species group could then positively identify the isolate. Two commercial systems, Staph-Zym (Rosco) and API-Staph (bioMérieux), along with results obtained by using Rosco diagnostic tablets (nongrowth tests), were also compared with the reference method. One isolate could not be identified even by the reference method. Of the remaining 200 strains, 191 (95.5%) strains were correctly identified with Staph-Zym and 171 strains (85.5%) were correctly identified with API-Staph. The most frequent clinical CNS species isolated were Staphylococcus epidermidis (50.5%), S. haemolyticus (18.5%), S. saprophyticus subsp. saprophyticus (16.0%), S. lugdunensis (6.0%), and S. warneri (2.5%). The simple scheme validated with the reference method has demonstrated an excellent correlation in the identification of the three most frequent species isolated: S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, and S. saprophyticus subsp. saprophyticus. With the simple scheme, identification of CNS was possible within 24 h after the enzymatic tests were used, whereas up to 72 h is necessary for the growth tests. This methodology would be very useful in any clinical microbiology laboratory for the presumptive identification of CNS species groups and species.
Model for laser Doppler measurements of blood flow in tissue (1981)

A theory is developed which relates quasi-elastic light scattering measurements to blood flow in tissue micro-vasculature. We assume that the tissue matrix surrounding the blood cells is a strong diffuser of light and that moving erythrocytes, therefore, are illuminated by a spatially distributed source. Because the surrounding tissue is considered to be stationary, Doppler shifts in the frequency of the scattered light arise only from photon interactions with the moving blood cells. The theory implies that the time decay of the photon autocorrelation function scales proportionally with cell size and inversely with mean translational speed. Analysis of multiple interactions of photons with moving cells indicates the manner in which spectral measurements additionally are sensitive to changes in blood volume. Predictions are verified by measurements of particle flow in model tissues.
Supplementary Figures 1-4, Table 1 from Multiple Roles for the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Axl in Tumor Formation (2023)

Supplementary Figures 1-4, Table 1 from Multiple Roles for the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Axl in Tumor Formation
Single protein omission reconstitution studies of tetracycline binding to the 30S subunit of Escherichia coli ribosomes (1990)

In previous work we showed that on photolysis of Escherichia coli ribosomes in the presence of [3H]tetracycline (TC) the major protein labeled is S7, and we presented strong evidence that such labeling takes place from a high-affinity site related to the inhibitory action of TC [Goldman, R. A., Hasan, T., Hall, C. C., Strycharz, W. A., & Cooperman, B. S. (1983) Biochemistry 22, 359-368]. In this work we use single protein omission reconstitution (SPORE) experiments to identify those proteins that are important for high-affinity TC binding to the 30S subunit, as measured by both cosedimentation and filter binding assays. With respect to both sedimentation coefficients and relative Phe-tRNAPhe binding, the properties of the SPORE particles we obtain parallel very closely those measured earlier [Nomura, M., Mizushima, S., Ozaki, M., Traub, P., & Lowry, C. V. (1969) Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 34, 49-61], with the exception of the SPORE particle lacking S13. A total of five proteins, S3, S7, S8, S14, and S19, are shown to be important for TC binding, with the largest effects seen on omission of proteins S7 and S14. Determination of the protein compositions of the corresponding SPORE particles demonstrates that the observed effects are, for the most part, directly attributable to the omission of the given protein rather than reflecting an indirect effect of omitting one protein on the uptake of another. A large body of evidence supports the notion that four of these proteins, S3, S7, S14, and S19, are included, along with 16S rRNA bases 920-1396, in one of the major domains of the 30S subunit.
Using compensation to improve primary care. (1999)

Progressive primary care networks are now placing significant portions of physician salaries at risk by linking compensation to quantifiable measures such as net medical revenue (collections), reduced practice expenses, cost and utilization, quality of care and patient satisfaction. For most networks, a combination of productivity increases and expense reductions are critical to ensure financial survival. This case study illustrates how one network's unique incentive compensation program targeted higher productivity levels by incentivizing desirable behaviors.
Epitaxial and large area PLD ferroelectric thin film heterostructures on silicon substrates (1998)

Abstract Epitaxial thin films of Bi4Ti3O12 and SrBi2Ta2O9 have been deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) onto epitaxial thin film templates of CeO2/YSZ as well as on epitaxial electrodes of (La0.5Sr0.5)CoO3, in turn deposited onto CeO2/YSZ template layers. These electrode and buffer layers have been deposited by PLD as well. The same heterostructures, namely ferroelectric Bilayered perovskite films on the same stack of epitaxial layers, have also been deposited by large area PLD. This technique allows deposition with a good uniformity onto entire silicon 3-inch wafers. Thickness and composition uniformity of the ferroelectric films, electrodes and buffer layers are important with regard to their possible application in microelectronics. Uniformities achieved are in the range of 5 to 15% of the mean thickness, depending on the material and deposition conditions. Key Words: large area PLDepitaxial ferroelectric film heterostructures
Climatic Trends of Sierra Nevada Cloud Seeding Potential (1987)

Seasonal and interannual variations in Sierra Nevada winter storms are discussed with reference to cloud seeding potential. Seasonal variations occur with respect to snow level, storm type, vertical cloud distribution and mesoscale precipitation systems. Snowmelt and runoff may compound the importance of these seasonal variations. Interannual fluctuations, based on eight years of data from the American River Basin, suggest that seedable conditions are more frequent in years of normal and below-normal precipitation than in above-normal years.
Desmin expression during early mouse tongue morphogenesis (1992)

Occipital somites provide progenitor cells for craniofacial muscle development including the tongue musculature. Serum-derived factors are assumed to be pre-requisite for myogenesis in vitro. To test these assertions, we designed experiments to determine whether early mouse tongue development in general, and desmin localization in particular, were expressed during the development of embryonic mouse first branchial arch explants cultured in serumless, chemically-defined medium. Immunohistochemical techniques determined the chronology and positions of desmin expression during early craniofacial development. Occipital somites expressed desmin at E9 (9 days +/- 2 h post-fertilization, 18-20 somites). A discrete cell migration pathway initiating in the somites and terminating in the lateral lingual processes of the tongue primordium was defined based upon desmin expression patterns in E9-E11 embryos and computer-assisted three dimensional reconstructions. The in vitro model system was permissive for tongue morphogenesis, allowing development and fusion of the lateral lingual processes with the tuberculum impar. During culture myoblasts were not observed to fuse into myotubes with sarcomeric assembly, even though explant myoblasts produced muscle-specific protein. E10 explants cultured for 9 days demonstrated a five-fold increase in cell number that expressed desmin (P less than 0.05) when compared to the E10 starting material. We interpret these results to indicate that the tongue myogenic cell lineage was determined between E8 and E11, and that this resident population expanded within explants cultured in serumless medium by several explanations: (i) cells other than progenitor myoblasts (e.g., satellite cells) were induced to become myoblasts, and/or (ii) progenitor myoblasts within the original explants expanded by cell division in the absence of serum factors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Understanding Reuse, Performance, and Hardware Cost of DNN Dataflows: A Data-Centric Approach (2018)

The data partitioning and scheduling strategies used by DNN accelerators to leverage reuse and perform staging are known as dataflow, and they directly impact the performance and energy efficiency of DNN accelerator designs. An accelerator microarchitecture dictates the dataflow(s) that can be employed to execute a layer or network. Selecting an optimal dataflow for a layer shape can have a large impact on utilization and energy efficiency, but there is a lack of understanding on the choices and consequences of dataflows, and of tools and methodologies to help architects explore the co-optimization design space. In this work, we first introduce a set of data-centric directives to concisely specify the space of DNN dataflows in a compilerfriendly form. We then show how these directives can be analyzed to infer various forms of reuse and to exploit them using hardware capabilities. We codify this analysis into an analytical cost model, MAESTRO (Modeling Accelerator Efficiency via Spatio-Temporal Reuse and Occupancy), that estimates various cost-benefit tradeoffs of a dataflow including execution time and energy efficiency for a DNN model and hardware configuration. We demonstrate the use of MAESTRO to drive a hardware design space exploration (DSE) experiment, which searches across 480M designs to identify 2.5M valid designs at an average rate of 0.17M designs per second, including Pareto-optimal throughput- and energy-optimized design points.
SPHINX: Detecting Security Attacks in Software-Defined Networks (2015)

Author(s): Mohan Dhawan, Rishabh Poddar, Kshiteej Mahajan, Vijay Mann Download: Paper (PDF) Date: 7 Feb 2015 Document Type: Briefing Papers Additional Documents: Slides Associated Event: NDSS Symposium 2015 Abstract: Software-defined networks (SDNs) allow greater control over network entities by centralizing the control plane, but place great burden on the administrator to manually ensure security and … Continued
MRSA in the Diabetic Foot / (2007)

Diabetic foot problems remain a major burden on healthcare resources.Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) affect up to 25% of diabetics during their life-time. Diabetic foot ulcers/infections are the most common reason forhospitalization among diabetic patients in the United States (1). Hospitallength of stay is 59% longer for diabetic patients with ulcers when comparedto those without ulcers (2). Foot ulcers are the antecedent event in 84% ofdiabetic lower extremity amputations (LEA) (3). More than half of theapproximately 120,000 nontraumatic amputations each year are performedon people with diabetes, making diabetes the leading cause of nontraumaticamputations (4). The Centers for Disease Control 1999 SurveillanceSummary for nontraumatic amputations revealed that LEAs increased by24% between 1983 and 1996. There were 10.2 LEAs per 1000 diabeticpatients (5). Infection precedes 59% of diabetic amputations (3).