gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
UWB with Pulse Reordering: Securing Ranging against Relay and Physical-Layer Attacks (2019)

Physical-layer attacks allow attackers to manipulate (spoof) ranging and positioning. These attacks had realworld impact and allowed car thefts, executions of unauthorized payments and manipulation of navigation. UWB impulse radio, standardized within 802.15.4a,f, has emerged as a prominent technique for precise ranging that allows high operating distances despite power constraints by transmitting multi-pulse symbols. Security of UWB ranging (in terms of the attacker's ability to manipulate the measured distance) has been discussed in the literature and is, since recently also being addressed as a part of the emerging 802.15.4z standard. However, all research so far, as well as security enhancements proposed within this emerging standard face one main limitation: they achieve security through short symbol lengths and sacrifice performance (i.e., limit the maximum distance of measurement), or use longer symbol lengths, therefore sacrificing security. We present UWB with pulse reordering (UWB-PR), the first modulation scheme that secures distance measurement between two mutually trusted devices against all physical-layer distance shortening attacks without sacrificing performance, therefore simultaneously enabling extended range and security. We analyze the security of UWB-PR under the attacker that fully controls the communication channel and show that UWB-PR resists such strong attackers. We evaluate UWB-PR within a UWB system built on top of the IEEE 802.15.4 device and show that it achieves distances of up to 93m with 10cm precision (LoS). UWB-PR is, therefore, a good candidate for the extended mode of the new 802.15.4z Low Rate Pulse standard. Finally, UWB-PR shows that secure distance measurement can be built on top of modulation schemes with longer symbol lengths -so far, this was considered insecure.
Ventilatory Responses and Subjective Sensations during Arm Exercise and Hypercapnia in Patients with Lower-cervical and Upper-thoracic Spinal Cord Injuries. (1997)

We measured the ventilatory responses and subjective sensations during arm exercise in patients with lower cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord injuries in order to evaluate the effects of chest wall deafferentation on these responses. Visual analog scales with verbal descriptors were used to quantify respiratory sensations of different affectional qualities. Patients as well as normal subjects reported stronger respiratory sensations upon CO2 rebreathing as compared to during arm exercise with an equivalent minute ventilation (p<0.05). There were no qualitative nor quantitative differences in the respiratory sensations during CO2 rebreathing between the patients and normal subjects. However, patients with spinal cord injuries showed a higher minute ventilation and a lower end-tidal PCO2 during incremental arm exercises (p<0.01), and thus tended to hyperventilate. We conclude that chest wall afferent denervation does not contribute significantly to the perception of breathlessness in patients with spinal cord injuries.
Cyclization of diacetylenes to E,E exocyclic dienes. Complementary procedures based on titanium and zirconium reagents (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyclization of diacetylenes to E,E exocyclic dienes. Complementary procedures based on titanium and zirconium reagentsWilliam A. Nugent, David L. Thorn, and R. L. HarlowCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 9, 2788–2796Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00243a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00243a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1175Altmetric-Citations150LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Perceptual component selection in sinusoidal coding of audio (2002)

This paper presents a new method for selecting the sinusoids in a hybrid audio signal model consisting of sinusoidal, transient, and noise (STN) components. The method relies on a new methodology for ranking and selection of the most perceptually relevant sinusoids. We call this method excitation similarity weighting (ESW) ranking and selection procedure. Whereas current coders tend to choose maximum signal-to-mask ratio components the ESW methodology seeks to maximize the matching between the excitation patterns evoked by the coded and original signals on a short-time basis. It is shown that the proposed method provides a perceptual improvement.
Self-Attention-Based Short-Term Load Forecasting Considering Demand-Side Management (2022)

Accurate and rapid forecasting of short-term loads facilitates demand-side management by electricity retailers. The complexity of customer demand makes traditional forecasting methods incapable of meeting the accuracy requirements, so a self-attention based short-term load forecasting (STLF) considering demand-side management is proposed. In the data preprocessing stage, non-parametric kernel density estimation is used to construct customer electricity consumption feature curves, and then historical load data are used to delineate the feasible domain range for outlier detection. In the feature selection stage, the feature data are selected using variational modal decomposition and a maximum information coefficient to enhance the model prediction accuracy. In the model prediction stage, the decomposed intrinsic mode function components are independently predicted and reconstructed using an Informer based on improved self-attention. Additionally, the novel AdaBlief optimizer is used to optimize the model parameters. Cross-sectional and longitudinal experiments are conducted on a regional-level load dataset set in Spain. The experimental results prove that the proposed method is superior to other methods in STLF.
Single photon detection with sine gated dual InGaAs/InP avalanche diodes (2012)

We propose and demonstrate a technique cancel common mode signals of sinusoidally gated single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs). This approach enables the elimination of narrow-band filters that fix the frequency of conventional single photon detection with sine wave gating.
Generalized approximate message passing for cosparse analysis compressive sensing (2015)

In cosparse analysis compressive sensing (CS), one seeks to estimate a non-sparse signal vector from noisy sub-Nyquist linear measurements by exploiting the knowledge that a given linear transform of the signal is cosparse, i.e., has sufficiently many zeros. We propose a novel approach to cosparse analysis CS based on the generalized approximate message passing (GAMP) algorithm. Unlike other AMP-based approaches to this problem, ours works with a wide range of analysis operators and regularizers. In addition, we propose a novel ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> -like soft-thresholder based on MMSE denoising for a spike-and-slab distribution with an infinite-variance slab. Numerical demonstrations on synthetic and practical datasets demonstrate advantages over existing AMP-based, greedy, and reweighted-ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> approaches.
SOLVENT EXTRACTION EQUILIBRIA OF LEAD(II) WITH ACIDIC ORGANOPHOSPHATE AND PHOSPHONATE (1987)

ABSTRACT Distribution equilibria of lead(II) in the extraction with di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid and 2-ethylhexyl 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid in toluene from aqueous ammonium nitrate solutions were measured at 303 K to elucidate the concentration dependencies of the reactant species on the distribution ratio. It was found that lead(II) is extracted as the mononuclear complex, PbR22HR, with the former extrac-tant while it is extracted not only as the complex, PbR22HR, but also as the complex, Pb(NO3)R;HR, accompanied by simultaneous transfer of nitrate anion with the latter ex-tractant. The extraction equilibrium constants of these complexes were evaluated as well as the stability constants of lead(II) -nitrato complexes, Pb(NO3)+, Pb(NO3)2and Pb(NO3)− 3.
Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy in Liver Transplant Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Hepatitis C (2020)

Pretransplant DAA for HCV was not associated with an increased risk of posttransplant HCC recurrence, though pretransplant DAA had lower efficacy than posttransplant DAA in HCV-HCC transplant recipients.
II. Update on cutaneous manifestations of HIV infection (1993)

From the Division of Dermatopathology, University of Texas, Southwest Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
Early Versus Late Morning Measurement of Blood Pressure in Healthy Men. A Potential Source of Measurement Bias? (2002)

Standardization of blood pressure (BP) measurement is important for both clinical and epidemiological purposes. The aim of the present study was to investigate early vs late morning measurements of BP and heart rate in healthy subjects. During the years 1972-75, healthy men aged 40-59 years (n = 2014) participated in a cardiovascular survey in Oslo. Two to four men underwent the examination program per day; it included height/weight, a spirographic study, chest X-ray, a number of blood tests, case history, clinical examination, resting ECG and physical exercise testing. BP and heart rate measurements were meticulously standardized. When adjusting for age, smoking habits and season of year we found that men who were examined as number one in the row of two to four subjects each morning had higher systolic BP (3.6 mmHg, p < 0.001) and heart rate (3.6 beats/min, p < 0.001) at rest compared to others. They were virtually identical in all other aspects. These differences in systolic BP and heart rate at rest disappeared during bicycle exercise. Thus, we suggest that the increased BP and heart rate at rest represent a stress reaction to being number one in a row of subjects to be examined, i.e. a bias in BP and heart rate measurements, possibly of both clinical and epidemiological importance.
Client-Driven Selective Streaming of Multiview Video for Interactive 3DTV (2007)

We present a novel client-driven multiview video streaming system that allows a user to watch 3D video interactively with significantly reduced bandwidth requirements by transmitting a small number of views selected according to his/her head position. The user's head position is tracked and predicted into the future to select the views that best match the user's current viewing angle dynamically. Prediction of future head positions is needed so that views matching the predicted head positions can be prefetched in order to account for delays due to network transport and stream switching. The system allocates more bandwidth to the selected views in order to render the current viewing angle. Highly compressed, lower quality versions of some other views are also prefetched for concealment if the current user viewpoint differs from the predicted viewpoint. An objective measure based on the abruptness of the head movements and delays in the system is introduced to determine the number of additional lower quality views to be prefetched. The proposed system makes use of multiview coding (MVC) and scalable video coding (SVC) concepts together to obtain improved compression efficiency while providing flexibility in bandwidth allocation to the selected views. Rate-distortion performance of the proposed system is demonstrated under different experimental conditions.
PERSISTENT IMPROVEMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS FOLLOWING EARLY SHORT-TERM CAPTOPRIL TREATMENT (2000)

This study was designed to determine whether an improvement in cardiovascular risk factors persists in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) following withdrawal of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) treatment. SHR were given deionized drinking water or captopril solution from four to sixteen weeks of age. At twelve weeks of age, rats from each group were instrumented with radiotelemetry devices for continuous monitoring of blood pressure. Mean arterial blood pressure was significantly lower in captopril-treated SHR during treatment (92+/-2 vs 147+/-1 mm Hg), and at twelve weeks after treatment withdrawal (131+/-2 vs 158+/-2 mm Hg). In addition, proteinuria, renal vascular resistance, plasma triglyceride levels, fasting glucose levels, post-prandial insulin levels, and heart weights were significantly reduced in the treated SHR compared to control SHR, at time-points between three to seven months after captopril withdrawal. Our findings indicate that short-term administration of an ACE-I during the developmental phase of hypertension in the SHR results in a long-term overall improvement of cardiovascular risk factors.
[Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP): prevalence and characteristics in a population of 314 cirrhotic patients evaluated at hospital admission]. (1999)

In view of the high incidence (even in the absence of invasive procedures), of the possibility of symptom free patients and of the high mortality of SBP, it is advisable to carry out routine tap in all cirrhotics with ascites at hospital admission.
Activation of bovine monocytes and neutrophils by the Bb fragment of complement factor B: demonstration by the uptake of 3H-deoxyglucose. (1990)

The Bb fragment is the enzymatically active split product of bovine complement factor B. The Bb fragment was obtained after zymosan treatment of fresh bovine serum and fractionation of the treated serum, first over diethylaminoethyl-Sephacel and then over an affinity column made up of monoclonal antibody to bovine Bb, coupled to cyanogen-bromide-activated Sepharose. Purified Bb has a molecular weight of 64,000, as determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The ability of purified Bb to activate phagocytes was assessed. The activation assay was based on the principle that the primary source of energy for the phagocytes is obtained from glucose. 3H-deoxyglucose, a nonmetabolizable analogue of glucose, was used to obtain the quantitative measurement of the activation process. The activation by Bb was shown by the uptake of the labelled deoxyglucose in the phagocytic cells and was comparable to the activation caused by phorbol myristate acetate and N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine, run in parallel. These data showed that fragment Bb activates bovine monocytes and neutrophils and also suggested that, when generated after complement activation, Bb may stimulate monocytes and neutrophils for enhanced phagocytosis.
Rapid quantitative assessment of phagocytic activity of Indium-111 labeled leukocytes by chemiluminescence (1985)

Indium-111 labeled leukocyte imaging is gaining widespread acceptance. A rapid method for assaying changes in leukocyte viability and phagocytic function during the labeling process would facilitate the evaluation of new labeling techniques and testing of labeled cells before pt injection. The authors have conducted preliminary investigations of chemiluminescence in the clinical evaluation of leukocyte labeling. The chemiluminescence assay may be performed in 30 minutes with only 0.1 ml of whole blood. Zymossan is rapidly introduced to the blood or cell suspension resulting in the emission of light which is then counted by photometer. The amount of light given off by the reaction reflects both the phagocytic function of the cells and the ability of activated phagocytes to generate activated oxygen species. They have evaluated the chemiluminescent activity of normal human leukocyte suspensions both before and after labeling with Indium-111 oxine. The chemiluminescence assay provides a rapid means of evaluating granulocyte function. Correlations of this activity with image quality may provides clues for optimization of labeling techniques.
Encapsulating ZnS and ZnSe Nanocrystals in the Carbon Shell:  A RAPET Approach (2007)

The rapid, solvent-less, straightforward reactions under autogenic pressure at elevated temperature (RAPET) approach is explored for the fabrication of core−shell nanomaterials. Carbon-encapsulated ZnS and ZnSe nanoparticles are synthesized by a one-step thermal decomposition of diethyl zinc in the presence of either S or Se powders in a closed reactor at 700 °C for 30 min under their autogenic pressure in an inert atmosphere. The Raman spectroscopy measurements provide the structural evidence for the formation of pure ZnS or ZnSe particles and ensure the nature of the coated carbon. The X-ray diffraction measurements confirm the hexagonal phase of ZnS and the face-centered cubic crystal structure of ZnSe. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy technique distinguishes core and shell morphologies. Interestingly, core−shell nanostructures of ZnS and ZnSe coated with carbon show a single electron spin resonance signal, whereas the bare ZnS and ZnSe nanoparticles demonstrate several signals. The nitrogen gas adsorption on the surface of core−shell nanostructures is determined by Brunauer−Emmett−Teller surface area analysis. The plausible mechanism for the formation of semiconducting cores (ZnS or ZnSe) with a carbon shell is elucidated.
Flow Injection Analysis of Nitrite Generated by Neutrophils and Endothelial Cells (1994)

Abstract A flow injection method is described for the determination of low levels of nitrite ion in cell culture solutions. Nitrite-containing solutions are injected into a flowing stream containing phosphoric acid and iodide ion, which reduces nitrite to nitric oxide. The solution is directed through a microporous tube out of which nitric oxide gas diffuses for detection by chemiluminescence. The method has been applied to analysis of nitrite generated by cultured bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells and human neutrophils.
Development of a Predictive and Preventive Maintenance Demonstration System for a Semiconductor Etching Tool (2013)

Increasing yield, eliminating unexpected downtime, and reducing maintenance costs are some of the potential benefits that a predictive monitoring system can provide for semiconductor manufacturing. Prior to the implementation of a predictive based condition monitoring approach for critical semiconductor equipment and components, the technology requires further development and validation. A systematic approach for developing a predictive monitoring system is presented, including several key steps that include data pre-processing, feature extraction and selection, health assessment, and component lifetime prediction. The approach is demonstrated on a LAM 2300 ® Kiyo ® conductor etch product, in which data was collected over an 8-month period from a GlobalFoundries Fab in Dresden, Germany. The methodology and predictive health models are demonstrated for an example component from the etching tool, the electrostatic chuck. Both trace signals and metrology data are evaluated for developing the health and prediction models for the electrostatic chuck. The health monitoring models provide a clear and increasing trend, in which the electrostatic health value can be tracked quite well over time. The systematic development framework shows promise and future works looks to further validate the prediction models, and in addition develop commercially viable implementation software from this work.
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase as a Marker for Stem Cells (2008)

Multiple aldehyde dehydrogenase genes have been identified in many tissues. Aldehyde dehydrogenase class 1A1 (ALDH1A1) has been identified as highly expressed in embryonal tissue as well as in adult stem cells isolated from bone marrow, brain, breast and possibly other tissues. The recent interest in the idea of cancer stem cells (CSC) has resulted in renewed and vigorous interest in aldehyde dehydrogenase activity as a marker for those stem cells as well. It has been known that ALDH activity, which may reflect other ALDH isozymes in addition to ALDH1A1, is important for multiple biological activities including drug resistance, cell differentiation, and oxidative stress response. Purification of viable cells with high ALDH activity has become relatively easy with the availability of flow cytometry based assay. In this review, we examine the data available in regarding the importance of ALDH activity in normal and malignant stem cell functions, and the potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications. We review the available tools that can impact ALDH activity and may have the potential to be used therapeutically, specifically targeting the CSC. We raise questions that need to be investigated before a reasonable therapeutic strategy can be devised that will effectively inhibit ALDH activity.
A 2D-fractional derivative mask for image feature edge detection (2017)

Feature extraction is a classic problem of machine vision and image processing. Edges are often detected using integer-order differential operators. In this paper, a one-dimensional digital fractional-order Charef differentiator (1D-FCD) is introduced and extended to 2D by a multi-directional operator. The obtained 2D-fractional differentiation (2D-FCD) is a new edge detection operation. The computed multi-directional mask coefficients are computed in a way that image details are detected and preserved. Experiments on texture images have demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed filter compared to existing techniques.
Attempts in Detection of Neutronson So-Called Cold Nuclear Fusion (1991)

Neutron emissions from electrolysis of D 2 O with palladium and palladium-titanium electrodes as well as from pressurized D 2 gas with titanium alloys have been measured. The neutron detector system was so designed to have very low background condition. Neutron-γ separation technique using liquid scintillator was applied to obtain essentially no γ ray background condition for neutron counting. Special care was taken to stabilize the detection system using event-by-event data recording. No significant signal of neutron emission was observed. Upper limits of emission probability of neutron have been determined to be 6×10 -3 s -1 , 1×10 -2 s -1 , and 2.3×10 -2 s -1 for Pd electrode, Pd-Ti electrode, and pressurized gas systems. These values are orders of magnitude lower than that presented by Jones paper (0.4 s -1 ).
Preparation and Characterization of an Aromatic Polyimide and Its Use as a Selective Membrane for H_2O_2 (2006)

Selectivity behavior to electroactive and non-electroactive substances of a polyimide prepared from 2,2&amp;amp;apos;-dimethyl-4,4&amp;amp;apos;-diaminobiphenyl and the corresponding dianhydride was examined by electrochemical methods. From the excellent electrochemical findings obtained, it was observed that polyimide film was only permeable to hydrogen peroxide among the substances examined. Therefore, it is claimed that the mentioned polymeric film can be successfully used as a hydrogen peroxide-selective membrane in the presence of electroactive and non-electroactive interferents.