gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Joseph Warren Bishop, Jr. (1985)

Today, in our mind's eye, we see Joe Bishop, across the years, in a variety of roles and callings, displaying his many-splendored gifts and enthusiasms. . . .
Utilizing time-bandwidth space for efficient deep-space communication (2019)

We discuss modulation formats that warrant high information efficiency of deep-space optical links under given power constraints. The discussion is framed using the theoretical concept of orthogonal optical modes occupying the available time-bandwidth space. With diminishing average signal power, the challenge is to concentrate the entire optical energy in very few of these modes. In the generic case of pulse position modulation (PPM), where optical modes occupy separate time bins, this results in increasing peak-to-average power ratio requirements for the transmitter light source. Equivalent information efficiency can be attained using frequency shift keying (FSK) employing modes that do not overlap in the spectral degree of freedom and have uniformly distributed instantaneous optical power in the temporal domain. Recently, efficient modulation formats have been proposed that use words composed from the binary phase shift keying (BPSK) alphabet. Such words can be converted after transmission into the PPM format with the help of structured optical receivers. Selected technical aspects of physical implementations of links based on different modulation formats are briefly reviewed.
Fast Vertical Silicon Photodetectors with Buried CoSi2 Contact (1995)

Si-based integrated optoelectronics for high-speed applications demands ultrafast photodetectors with a good quantum collection efficiency (QCE). Several approaches towards such diodes have been pursued in the past: (i) Ultrashort electric transients of 5 ps duration (FWHM) can be derived from planar metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodiodes with interdigitated metal finger structures [1]. The speed is determined by the sweep-out time of the photogenerated carriers. However, for very fast response, a metal finger seperation of typically 300 nm is required and electron-beam lithography has to be employed in the fabrication process [1]. (ii) Electric pulses with a sub-ps FWHM are derived from conductance-lifetime-limited photodetectors such as photoconductive switches [2]. Unfortunately, those detectors suffer from a very low QCE on the order of 10−5.
Método experimental para consolidar fibras de papel. (I parte del estudio) (2011)

En este artículo describimos un nuevo método enzimático para consolidar la celulosa del papel. Este método consiste en la síntesis de la celulosa con una enzima hidrolítica: la celulasa. Ésta actúa como una sintetasa, consolidando el papel cuando es mezclada en una solución orgánica de solvente/tampón (4:1) en presencia de un sustrato (β-cellobiosyl fluoride). Para mejorar el tratamiento añadimos un gel de agar-agar con todos los reactivos necesarios. Para observar el estado de las fibras antes y después del tratamiento, realizamos test mecánicos y fotografías de microscopía electrónica de barrido. Se observó que el proceso de consolidación casi consigue recuperar el estado físico inicial de las fibras así como su resistencia al desgarre y alargamiento.
Remarks on Ion Generation for CPC Detection Efficiency Studies in Sub-3-nm Size Range (2013)

To calibrate a newly developed condensation particle counter, samples of known chemical composition are needed as the chemistry plays a role in the activation process. For that, we have built a calibration setup and produced ammonium sulfate, sodium chloride, tungsten oxide, silver, alkyl halide, and ionic liquid clusters down to 1 nm in mobility diameter in positive and negative mode. The chemical composition of most negatively charged clusters was solved using high-resolution mass spectrometer and we identified about 70% of the total signal of the mass spectrometer. For the Airmodus Particle Size Magnifier, which was the instrument to be calibrated, we measured cutoff diameters of 1.1, 1.3, 1.4, 1.6, and 1.6–1.8 nm for negative sodium chloride, ammonium sulfate, tungsten oxide, silver, and positive organics, respectively. From the alkyl halide and ionic liquid experiments, we concluded that the composition plays a bigger role than the charge state of the cluster in the activation process. We also showed that relative humidity of the sample flow can change the detection efficiency of the Particle Size Magnifier, which adds some uncertainties to the measured number concentrations. Copyright 2013 American Association for Aerosol Research
[Prognostic factors in cardia cancer]. (1987)

Among 164 patients operated upon for adenocarcinoma of the cardia 102 (61%) were resected, 87 of them with curative intent. The mortality within 30 days was 20%, and the 5-year survival 15%. A total gastrectomy was performed in 36 patients, whereas a proximal partial gastrectomy was carried out in 66 cases. The median survival was 19 months after total gastrectomy, and 11 months after proximal resection (Breslow: 0.22). Only in stages N0 and N1 total gastrectomy resulted in a significantly longer (32 months) median survival than proximal resection (11 months; p = 0.03). The impact of total gastrectomy was more pronounced in the diffuse type according to Lauren, whereas lymphadenectomy was more effective in stages N0 and N1 and in Lauren's intestinal type. It is concluded that total gastrectomy should be carried out in all cases of carcinoma of the cardia.
A Pilot Study of Human Interferon Gene Therapy for Patients with Advanced Melanoma by in vivo Transduction Using Cationic Liposomes (2008)

The efficacy of this gene therapy was generally insufficient; however, some immunological responses were recognized in one patient. No adverse events were observed. HuIFNbeta gene therapy could be an attractive strategy for treatment of a variety of malignancies, including melanoma, though some modifications should be required.
Automatic tracking of laparoscopic instruments for autonomous control of a cameraman robot (2016)

It was concluded that with further developments, the proposed procedure can provide a practical solution for autonomous control of cameraman robots during laparoscopic surgery operations.
Multilevel random-access memory using one transistor per cell (1976)

A memory cell capable of storing multilevel or analog information and providing random-access operation with nondestructive readout has been studied. It uses a single junction field-effect transistor (JFET) as the storage cell. Experimental and analytical studies suggest that eight of sixteen level operation should be feasible with refresh operations every 0.1 to 1 s; cell area can be under 2 mil/SUP 2/. Tracking voltage and current reference circuitry is used to accommodate variations in fabrication processing and operating temperature.
Statistical variation of color uniformity for solid-state illumination systems (2018)

Color uniformity is an important performance metric for many solid-state lighting systems, particularly those systems that use multiple light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to produce the desired illumination distribution. Once the optical design is done, however, it is important to understand how the color uniformity changes when LEDs from within a single color-bin are mixed. Can the design tolerate any LED within the color-bin? Are the inter-bin color variations noticeable in the beam distribution? Are they noticeable when looking back at the luminaire? This paper looks at this question using an exterior automotive stop lamp. The statistical variation of color uniformity is analyzed using assumed interbin statistical variation for the color of the LEDs.
Makrocyclische Ionophore beruhend auf oligomeren Terephthaldiamiden mit von Gastmolekülen abhängiger Selektivität (1985)

Macrocyclic Oligolactams Based on Terephthalic Acid as Ionophores with Selectivity Depending on Included Guest Molecules Macrocyclic 20‐ to 60‐membered oligolactam hosts exhibit ion selectivities in poly(vinyl chloride) membranes which depend on the ring size and on the substituents of the amide N‐atoms. The selectivity may be changed by loading the macrocyclic host with CHCl 3 as guest molecule.
LIDAR-Aided Inertial Navigation with Extended Kalman Filtering for Pinpoint Landing (2011)

In support of NASA s Autonomous Landing and Hazard Avoidance Technology (ALHAT) project, an extended Kalman filter routine has been developed for estimating the position, velocity, and attitude of a spacecraft during the landing phase of a planetary mission. The proposed filter combines measurements of acceleration and angular velocity from an inertial measurement unit (IMU) with range and Doppler velocity observations from an onboard light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system. These high-precision LIDAR measurements of distance to the ground and approach velocity will enable both robotic and manned vehicles to land safely and precisely at scientifically interesting sites. The filter has been extensively tested using a lunar landing simulation and shown to improve navigation over flat surfaces or rough terrain. Experimental results from a helicopter flight test performed at NASA Dryden in August 2008 demonstrate that LIDAR can be employed to significantly improve navigation based exclusively on IMU integration.
Two-step navigatorless correction algorithm for radialk-space MRI acquisitions (2001)

A new way to correct magnetic resonance image artifacts resulting from view-dependent phase variations and view-dependent variations in rigid body object translation is presented by exploiting basic properties of the trajectory of radial k-space acquisitions. Simulations, phantom studies, and in vivo experiments are used to demonstrate the feasibility and the utility of this method. While somewhat analogous to navigator echo correction, in which special gradients are interleaved into the imaging sequence so echoes at the center of k-space can be acquired prior to or after collection of the image data, the current method does not require additional new gradient structures within the pulse sequence or increases in scan time. The new method uses the phase information from all collected radial k-space data points rather than only the navigator echo, which permits correction of multiple sources of view-dependent phase variation in the image data. The resultant effect is improved image quality in radial MRI acquisitions. Magn Reson Med 45:277-288, 2001.
Germline Sequencing DNA Repair Genes in 5545 Men With Aggressive and Nonaggressive Prostate Cancer (2020)

Risk conveyed by DNA repair genes is largely driven by rare P/LP/D alleles within BRCA2, PALB2, and ATM. These findings support the importance of these genes in both screening and disease management considerations.
Symptom Burden and Quality of Life With Chemotherapy for Recurrent Ovarian Cancer: The Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup-Symptom Benefit Study (2022)

(Abstracted from Int J Gynecol Cancer 2022;32:761–768) Patients with recurrent ovarian cancer often experience a multitude of symptoms related to disease progression and the cumulative toxicities from multiple treatment regimens. The goals of chemotherapy in this context include palliating symptoms, improving health-related quality of life (HRQL), and delaying disease progression.
Tangible bits and malleable atoms in the design of a computer music instrument (2001)

We present SensOrg, a computer music instrument designed as a modular assembly of input/output devices and musical software, mapped and arranged according to functional characteristics of the musician-instrument system. Using tangible bits and malleable atoms, we externally represented the musical software functionality in a physical interface which is freezable yet totally flexible.
Functional properties, persistence, safety and efficacy: of potential probiotic lactobacilli (2012)

Isolated microorganism strain Lactobacillus plantarum TENSIA DSM 21380 as antimicrobial and antihypertensive probiotic, food product and composition comprising said microorganism and use of said microorganism for production of antihypertensive
Sleep duration, asthma and obesity (2013)

Obesity in asthmatics is associated with shorter and very long sleep duration, worse asthma severity, psychopathology and high-dose inhaled corticosteroids. Although this cross-sectional study cannot prove causality, we speculate that further investigation of sleep may provide new opportunities to reduce the rising prevalence of obesity among asthmatics.
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces 2.0: Beyond Diagonal Phase Shift Matrices (2023)

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has been envisioned as a promising technique to enable and enhance future wireless communications due to its potential to engineer the wireless channels in a cost-effective manner. Extensive research attention has been drawn to the use of conventional RIS 1.0 with diagonal phase shift matrices, where each RIS element is connected to its own load to ground but not connected to other elements. However, the simple architecture of RIS 1.0 limits its flexibility of manipulating passive beamforming. To fully exploit the benefits of RIS, in this paper, we introduce RIS 2.0 beyond diagonal phase shift matrices, namely beyond diagonal RIS (BD-RIS). We first explain the modeling of BD-RIS based on the scattering parameter network analysis and classify BD-RIS by the mathematical characteristics of the scattering matrix, supported modes, and architectures. Then, we provide simulations to evaluate the sum-rate performance with different modes/architectures of BD-RIS. We summarize the benefits of BD-RIS in providing high flexibility in wave manipulation, enlarging coverage, facilitating the deployment, and requiring low complexity in resolution bit and element numbers. Inspired by the benefits of BD-RIS, we also discuss potential applications of BD-RIS in various wireless systems. Finally, we list key challenges in modeling, designing, and implementing BD-RIS in practice and point to possible future research directions for BD-RIS.
Iterative Robust Stabilization Algorithm for Periodic Orbits of Hybrid Dynamical Systems: Application to Bipedal Running**The work of K. Akbari Hamed was partially supported by the Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering (CSNE) that is an NSF Engineering Research Center. The work of J. W. Grizzle was supported by NSF Grants ECCS-1343720 and ECCS-1231171. (2015)

This paper presents a systematic numerical algorithm to design optimal Hoo continuous-time controllers to robustly stabilize periodic orbits for hybrid dynamical systems in the presence of discrete-time uncertainties. A parameterized set of closed-loop hybrid systems is assumed for which there exists a common periodic orbit. The algorithm is created based on an iterative sequence of optimization problems involving Bilinear and Linear Matrix Inequalities (BMIs and LMIs). At each iteration, the optimal %oo problem is translated into a BMI optimization problem which can be easily solved using available software packages. Some sufficient conditions for the convergence of the iterative algorithm are presented. The power of the algorithm is then demonstrated in designing robust stabilizing virtual constraints for running of a highly underactuated bipedal robot with 7 degrees of underactuation in the presence of impact model uncertainties.
Novel Calibration Algorithm for a Three-Axis Strapdown Magnetometer (2014)

A complete error calibration model with 12 independent parameters is established by analyzing the three-axis magnetometer error mechanism. The said model conforms to an ellipsoid restriction, the parameters of the ellipsoid equation are estimated, and the ellipsoid coefficient matrix is derived. However, the calibration matrix cannot be determined completely, as there are fewer ellipsoid parameters than calibration model parameters. Mathematically, the calibration matrix derived from the ellipsoid coefficient matrix by a different matrix decomposition method is not unique, and there exists an unknown rotation matrix R between them. This paper puts forward a constant intersection angle method (angles between the geomagnetic field and gravitational field are fixed) to estimate R. The Tikhonov method is adopted to solve the problem that rounding errors or other errors may seriously affect the calculation results of R when the condition number of the matrix is very large. The geomagnetic field vector and heading error are further corrected by R. The constant intersection angle method is convenient and practical, as it is free from any additional calibration procedure or coordinate transformation. In addition, the simulation experiment indicates that the heading error declines from ±1° calibrated by classical ellipsoid fitting to ±0.2° calibrated by a constant intersection angle method, and the signal-to-noise ratio is 50 dB. The actual experiment exhibits that the heading error is further corrected from ±0.8° calibrated by the classical ellipsoid fitting to ±0.3° calibrated by a constant intersection angle method.
Entrainment of the cortical slow oscillation by extracranial weak electrical fields (2008)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
Hardening Potential of an Al‐Cu‐Li Friction Stir Weld (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Results & Discussion
Noise Exposure Assessment and Abatement Strategies at an Indoor Firing Range (2003)

Exposure to hazardous impulse noise is common during the firing of weapons at indoor firing ranges. The aims of this study were to characterize the impulse noise environment at a law enforcement firing range; document the insufficiencies found at the range from a health and safety standpoint; and provide noise abatement recommendations to reduce the overall health hazard to the auditory system. Ten shooters conducted a typical live-fire exercise using three different weapons--the Beretta.40 caliber pistol, the Remington.308 caliber shotgun, and the M4.223 caliber assault rifle. Measurements were obtained at 12 different positions throughout the firing range and adjacent areas using dosimeters and sound level meters. Personal and area measurements were recorded to a digital audio tape (DAT) recorder for further spectral analysis. Peak pressure levels inside the firing range reached 163 decibels (dB) in peak pressure. Equivalent sound levels (Leq) ranged from 78 decibels, A-weighted (dBA), in office area adjacent to the range to 122 dBA inside the range. Noise reductions from wall structures ranged from 29-44 dB. Noise abatement strategies ranged from simple noise control measures (such as sealing construction joints and leaks) to elaborate design modifications to eliminate structural-borne sounds using acoustical treatments. Further studies are needed to better characterize the effects of firing weapons in enclosed spaces on hearing and health in general.
Mesoporous persistent nanophosphors for in vivo optical bioimaging and drug-delivery (2014)

Based upon the ambitious idea that one single particle could serve multiple purposes at the same time, the combination and simultaneous use of imaging and therapeutics has lately arisen as one of the most promising prospects among nanotechnologies directed toward biomedical applications. Intended for both therapeutics and diagnostics in vivo, highly complex nanostructures were specifically designed to simultaneously act as optical imaging probes and delivery vehicles. Yet, such multifunctional photonic nanoplatforms usually exploit fluorescence phenomena which require constant excitation light through biological tissues and thus significantly reduce the detection sensitivity due to the autofluorescence from living animals. In order to overcome this critical issue, the present article introduces a novel multifunctional agent based on persistent luminescence mesoporous nanoparticles. Being composed of a hybrid chromium-doped zinc gallate core/mesoporous silica shell architecture, we show that this nanotechnology can be used as an efficient doxorubicin-delivery vehicle presenting a higher cytotoxicity toward U87MG cells than its unloaded counterpart in vitro. In addition, we demonstrate that a persistent luminescence signal from these doxorubicin-loaded mesoporous nanophosphors opens a new way to highly sensitive detection in vivo, giving access to the real-time biodistribution of the carrier without any autofluorescence from the animal tissues. This new persistent luminescence-based hybrid nanotechnology can be easily applied to the delivery of any therapeutic agent, thus constituting a versatile and sensitive optical nanotool dedicated to both therapeutic and diagnostic applications in vivo.
An Efficient Trim Structure for Rendering Large B-Rep Models (2012)

We present a multiresolution trim structure for fast and accurate B-Rep model visualization. To get a good tradeoff between performance and visual accuracy, we propose to use a vectorial but approximated representation of the model that allows efficient, real-time GPU exploitation. Our structure, based on a quadtree, enables us to do shallow lookups for distant fragments. For closeups, we leverage hardware tessellation. We get interactive frame rates for models that consists of hundreds of thousands of B-Rep faces, regardless of the zoom level.
A CAD system for service innovation: integrated representation of function, service activity, and product behaviour (2009)

Abstract Manufacturers are required to supply customers with services beyond material products. In this context, the engineering target that needs to be analysed and designed is shifting from simple products to product–service systems (PSS). Although there is considerable literature on PSS, design methodologies and computerised tools have not been introduced. We have been researching service/product engineering to develop PSS since 2002. This paper presents a computer-aided design (CAD) system for service innovation using engineering, management, and marketing disciplines. We describe our service model implemented on the CAD software and demonstrate through an example. We extend the service blueprint for the marketing field to include product behaviour by using physical features from the engineering field. The view model, which describes the functional structure of service for an RSP (Receiver State Parameter), works as a bridge between product behaviour and service activity. Our framework clearly illustrates the relationships between humanware, hardware, and software in services. Therefore, using our CAD tool, managers, marketers, and engineers can collaborate to improve existing services or to design a new service. Keywords: product–service systemproduct designservice designcomputer-aided designservice blueprint Acknowledgements This research was partially supported by the JSPS Research Fellowships for Young Scientists.
Are routine chest radiographs necessary after image-guided placement of internal jugular central venous access devices? (1998)

Immediate postprocedural chest radiographs are not routinely needed after image-guided insertion of internal jugular central venous catheters and unnecessarily add to the cost of patient care.