gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 2.45- and 5.8-GHz Dual-Band Stacked Differential Rectenna With High Conversion Efficiency in Low Power Density Environment (2022)

This paper proposes a novel stacked dual-band differential rectenna. The proposed rectenna consists of two rectifying diodes and a dual-band array antenna with four 5.8-GHz patch antennas arrayed on a three-element 2.45-GHz array. The dual-band array antenna provides high gains of 12.2 and 13.8 dBi at 2.45 and 5.8 GHz, respectively. The matching circuits between the antenna elements and diodes are designed to provide the highest conversion efficiency at both 2.45- and 5.8-GHz band. The measured conversion efficiencies are 36.4&#x0025; and 6.2&#x0025; at 2.48 and 5.96 GHz under the low power density condition of 0.016 W/m<sup>2</sup>, respectively. The proposed dual-band differential rectenna can easily realize large-scale rectenna arrays by simply connecting the ground conductors on the back.
Surface States and Effective Surface Area on Photoluminescent P-Type Porous Silicon (1997)

The present study is motivated by the possibility of utilizing porous silicon for spectral sensors. Pulse measurements on the porous-Si/electrolyte system are employed to determine the surface effective area and the surface-state density at various stages of the anodization process used to produce the porous material. Such measurements were combined with studies of the photoluminescence spectra. These spectra were found to shift progressively to the blue as a function of anodization time. The luminescence intensity increases initially with anodization time, reaches a maximum and then decreases with further anodization. The surface state density, on the other hand, increases with anodization time from an initial value of about 2 x 10(exp 12)/sq cm surface to about 1013 sq cm for the anodized surface. This value is attained already after -2 min anodization and upon further anodization remains fairly constant. In parallel, the effective surface area increases by a factor of 10-30. This behavior is markedly different from the one observed previously for n-type porous Si.
Desferrioxamine and Alzheimerʼs Disease (1993)

Drug trials designed to modify the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have required the development of mental state and behavior evaluation instruments that are sensitive to cognitive decline and measure skills useful in everyday living. We describe a videotaped home behavior (VHB) assessment instrument with high construct validity and reliability and a strong relationship to criterion references. The VHB was employed to test the hypothesis that aluminum is an important pathogenic factor in AD. The trivalent chelating agent desferrioxamine (DFO), 125 mg i.m. twice daily five days per week, was used in a randomized single-blind, oral lecithin, placebo-controlled clinical trial in 48 patients with AD. Analysis showed that the treatment and no-treatment groups were closely matched at entry into the trial but that the rate of decline, as measured by the VHB over 2 years of observation, was twice as rapid in the no-treatment group compared with the DFO-treated group. Furthermore, trace-metal analysis of autopsied brain confirmed that extended treatment with DFO lowered neocortical brain aluminum concentrations to near control concentrations. Aluminum ion-specific chelation may be a useful palliative treatment for AD, and further clinical trials are indicated.
Combinaison cohérente intracavité de quatre faisceaux lasers avec un élément d'optique diffractive (2002)

Les milieux amplificateurs des lasers de puissance pompes par diodes sont soumis a de forts gradients de temperature. Ceux-ci entrainent a la fois une degradation de la qualite spatiale des faisceaux emis et une baisse du rendement opto-optique du laser. Pour s'affranchir des aberrations thermiques, nous proposons une methode qui consiste a repartir la puissance de pompage sur plusieurs zones distinctes. Les performances d'une cavite T.F. multiaxe pompee longitudinalement par quatre diodes lasers fibrees sont presentees. Les quatre faisceaux elementaires engendres sont combines intracavite de facon coherente par un element d'otique diffractive qui permet de focaliser 82% de la puissance laser emise en un seul faisceau de divergence minimale.
Stressful Events in Early Life Lead to Aberrant Ghrelin and Appetite Regulation to Stress in Adulthood (2012)

Background. Stressful events in early life pre- dispose to the development of eating disorders in adulthood. This study investigates how neonatal maternal separation (NMS) affects satiety and ghrelin secretion in adulthood. Methods. Sprague-Dawley rats underwent NMS and con- trols were without NMS. Experiments were conducted on day 60: (1) water avoidance stress (WAS); (2) feeding after overnight fasting; (3) feeding after overnight fasting and WAS. Blood samples, gastric and hypothalamic tissues expression were collected for ghrelin analysis. Results. (1) MS rats had a higher basal ghrelin. After WAS, MS rats had enhanced ghrelin. (2) A higher initial calorie intake and lower postprandial gastric ghrelin protein in MS are observed without difference in overall calorie intake. (3) MS had symptoms of binge eating and early satiation. Overall reduction of calorie intake was observed until 48 hours in MS. Conclusion. Stressful events in early life led to aberrant ghrelin profile and early satiation in response to stressful experience in adulthood.
A Comparative Evaluation of Automated Solar Filament Detection (2012)

We present a comparative evaluation for automated filament detection in Hα solar images. By using metadata produced by the Advanced Automated Filament Detection and Characterization Code (AAFDCC) module, we adapted our trainable feature recognition (TFR) module to accurately detect regions in solar images containing filaments. We first analyze the AAFDCC module’s metadata and then transform it into labeled datasets for machine-learning classification. Visualizations of data transformations and classification results are presented and accompanied by statistical findings. Our results confirm the reliable event reporting of the AAFDCC module and establishes our TFR module’s ability to effectively detect solar filaments in Hα solar images.
Contribution of spin pairs to the magnetic response in a dilute dipolar ferromagnet (2012)

We simulate the dc magnetic response of the diluted dipolar-coupled Ising magnet LiHo${}_{0.045}$Y${}_{0.955}$F${}_{4}$ in a transverse field, using exact diagonalization of a two-spin Hamiltonian averaged over nearest-neighbor configurations. The pairwise model, incorporating hyperfine interactions, accounts for the observed drop-off in the longitudinal ($c$ -axis) susceptibility with increasing transverse field; with the inclusion of a small tilt in the transverse field, it also accounts for the behavior of the off-diagonal magnetic susceptibility. The hyperfine interactions do not appear to lead to qualitative changes in the pair susceptibilities, although they do renormalize the crossover fields between different regimes. The comparison with experiment indicates that antiferromagnetic correlations are more important than anticipated based on simple pair statistics and our first-principles calculations of the pair response. This means that larger clusters will be needed for a full description of the reduction in the diagonal response at small transverse fields.
Efficacy of High-Dose Glycine in the Treatment of Enduring Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia (1999)

These findings support hypoglutamatergic hypotheses of schizophrenia and suggest a novel approach for the pharmacotherapy of negative symptoms associated with this illness.
Temporal matching among diurnal photosynthetic patterns within the crown of the evergreen sclerophyll Olea europaea L. (2011)

Trees are modular organisms that adjust their within-crown morphology and physiology in response to within-crown light gradients. However, whether within-plant variation represents a strategy for optimizing light absorption has not been formally tested. We investigated the arrangement of the photosynthetic surface throughout one day and its effects on the photosynthetic process, at the most exposed and most sheltered crown layers of a wild olive tree (Olea europaea L.). Similar measurements were made for cuttings taken from this individual and grown in a greenhouse at contrasted irradiance-levels (100 and 20% full sunlight). Diurnal variations in light interception, carbon fixation and carbohydrate accumulation in sun leaves were negatively correlated with those in shade leaves under field conditions when light intensity was not limiting. Despite genetic identity, these complementary patterns were not found in plants grown in the greenhouse. The temporal disparity among crown positions derived from specialization of the photosynthetic behaviour at different functional and spatial scales: architectural structure (crown level) and carbon budget (leaf level). Our results suggest that the profitability of producing a new module may not only respond to construction costs or light availability, but also rely on its spatio-temporal integration within the productive processes at the whole-crown level.
A homozygous transthyretin variant associated with senile systemic amyloidosis: evidence for a late-onset disease of genetic etiology. (1990)

Senile systemic amyloidosis (SSA) is a late-onset disease characterized by deposition of amyloid fibrils containing transthyretin (TTR). Amino acid sequencing of protein isolated from the amyloid fibrils of a patient with SSA identified TTR containing a position - 122 isoleucine-for-valine substitution. This change led to the prediction of a genomic G-to-A transition, destroying an MaeIII restriction site. We confirmed the presence of the variant DNA fragment both by Southern blotting and by visualization of MaeIII digests of DNA amplified around codon 122, by using the polymerase chain reaction. The patient's DNA was entirely resistant to MaeIII cleavage; therefore, only the mutant sequence was present. DNA from none of either 24 controls or six other SSA patients contained the variant. Quantitative Southern blotting demonstrated that the patient's DNA contained two copies of the TTR gene per genome; the mutation was therefore homozygous rather than hemizygous. In the present case, the homozygous mutation TTR (122 Val----Ile) is associated with SSA, a finding which is consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance of this condition.
Verification of 380 Vdc distribution system availability based on demonstration tests (2011)

In recent years, higher voltage direct current (HVDC) distribution systems have been developed to reduce power consumption in telecommunication buildings and data centers. Thus, a demonstration test has been conducted to determine the energy efficiency, power stability, and safety of the HVDC system. The demonstration test was conducted in an in-service data center. The test results show that the HVDC system is 5.8% more efficient than the existing AC system. It was also found that servers that were altered for HVDC use could reduce the power consumption by up to 7%. According to the results of simulations including the effect of air conditioning, HVDC system could reduce the total power consumption by 15%. These test results also show that the HVDC system has no problem in operation in terms of power stability and safety.
Multiple forms of endothelial cell growth factor. Rapid isolation and biological and chemical characterization. (1985)

Endothelial cell growth factor (ECGF) can be rapidly purified from bovine brain to high specific activity using heparin-Sepharose affinity chromatography. Purification of the mitogen by this method results in relatively high yields of the polypeptide (10 to 100 micrograms/kg of tissue) with biological activity on murine and human endothelial cells in the picogram range. The product obtained is a mixture of two single-chain polypeptides with apparent molecular weights of 17,000 (alpha-ECGF) and 20,000 (beta-ECGF) by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The two forms of ECGF can be separated by either NaCl gradient elution from heparin-Sepharose or reversed-phase high pressure liquid chromatography. The two polypeptides are related on the basis of similar: amino acid compositions, affinity for heparin-Sepharose, cyanogen bromide and trypsin-derived cleavage products, and biological activity. Furthermore, the cyanogen bromide fragments derived from the two forms of ECGF also possess similar amino acid compositions and mobilities on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels. These data suggest that there are at least two discrete molecular forms of ECGF in bovine brain and that these two molecules are structurally related.
Quantitation of Liver-Stage Parasites by Automated TaqMan<sup>®</sup> Real-Time PCR (2003)

The liver stages of the malaria parasite have long been a difficult part of the life cycle to study. Very little is known about the localization of the parasite within the liver and no method for the estimation of liver parasite burden is in common use. Differences in liver parasite burden would provide a good measure of preerythrocytic malaria vaccine efficacy, which currently is measured indirectly by the counting of blood-stage parasites that develop following a sporozoite challenge. However, the measurement of bloodstage parasitemia is a slow, painstaking process requiring a high level of technical ability. In addition, a biological amplification of parasites occurs in hepatocytes, with one infected hepatocyte yielding approx 4000 -0,000 merozoites, suggesting that counting blood-stage parasitemia may not be an accurate way of quantifying preerythrocytic stage vaccine efficacy. A direct method would, therefore, be preferable. Several methods have been described to attempt to examine liver-stage parasitemia directly, including the use of radioactive oligonucleotides to probe RNA blots (1), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (2), or competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to quantitate PCR products generated to specific parasite targets (3). However, these methods are cumbersome and not conducive to high-throughput screening procedures. The TaqManR realtime fluorescent PCR method described here is a fast and reproducible method for analyzing liver-stage parasitemia in rodent malaria models. The method has previously been used to investigate pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccine efficacy (4).
Design of Embedded Metal Catalysts via Reverser Micro-Emulsion System: a Way to Suppress Catalyst Deactivation by Metal Sintering (2016)

The development of highly selective and active, long-lasting, robust, low-cost and environmentally benign catalytic materials is the greatest challenge in the area of catalysis study. In this context, core-shell structures where the active sites are embedded inside the protecting shell have attracted a lot of researchers working in the field of catalysis owing to their enhanced physical and chemical properties suppress catalyst deactivation. Also, a new active site generated at the interface between the core and shell may increases the activity and efficiency of the catalyst in catalytic reactions especially for oxide shells that exhibit redox properties such as TiO2 and CeO2. Moreover, coating oxide layer over metal nanoparticles (NPs) can be designed to provide porosity (micropore/mesopore) that gives selectivity of the various reactants by the different gas diffusion rates. In this thesis, we will discuss the concept of catalyst stabilization against metal sintering by a core-shell system. In particular we will study the mechanistic of forming core-shell particles and the key parameters that can influence the properties and morphology of the Pt metal particle core and SiO2 shell (Pt@SiO2) using the reverse micro-emulsion method. The Pt@SiO2 core-shell catalysts were investigated for low-temperature CO oxidation reaction. The study was further extended to other catalytic applications by varying the composition of the core as well as the chemical nature of the shell material. The Pt NPs were embedded within another oxide matrix such as ZrO2 and TiO2 for CO oxidation reaction. These materials were studied in details to identify the factors governing the coating of the oxide around the metal NPs. Next, a more challenging system, namely, bimetallic Ni9Pt NPs embedded in TiO2 and ZrO2 matrix were investigated for dry reforming of methane reaction at high temperatures. The challenges of designing Ni9Pt@oxide core-shell structure with TiO2 and ZrO2 and their tolerance of the structure to the conditions of dry reforming of methane will be discussed.
A surge in anti-dsDNA titer predicts a severe lupus flare within six months (2013)

An anti-dsDNA surge predicts the subsequent development of a severe SS flare within six months. Physicians should closely monitor such patients and treat promptly at the first sign of clinical activity.
Development and applications of structurally-controlled bottom-up nanocarbon materials (2021)

ナノ炭素材料の魅力的な機能は，その基本的な構造に加え，エッジや官能基などの局所構造が担っている。ナノ炭素材料の機能を最大限に発揮するためにはナノ炭素材料合成時に，機能を担う局所構造を豊富に導入・維持できる手法，つまり構造制御されたナノ炭素材料の合成法の確立が重要となる。また，工業的利用の観点からは，アベイラビリティの高い前駆体原料を選択し，工業生産性の高い製法を開発するとともに，用途応用まで提案することも重要である。本研究ではナノ炭素材料の機能を担う局所構造の解析・制御とともに，アベイラビリティのある前駆体原料を選択し，構造制御・大量生産可能なボトムアップ型ナノ炭素材料製造プロセスの開発，および用途提案を行った。
Security & Privacy Challenges in IoT-Based Health Cloud (2016)

Electronic Patient Health Information (EPHI) is considered confidential for patients and healthcare providers. Technology acceleration in several domains including embedded sensors, cloud computing and IoT facilitate the medical services and provide fast and real time communication. However, Several Health information security and privacy challenges arise. In this paper we discuss and survey security and privacy challenges in the context of healthcare. We also identify some compliance requirements and possible violations and their impact on the IoT health cloud.
Protein Synthesis in Rat Brain Microvessels Decreases with Aging (1981)

The synthesis of protein by brain microvessels prepared from rats 4, 15, and 21 months of age was examined in organ culture. The rate of [35S]methionine incorporation into trichloroacetic acid-insoluble protein was lower in the vessels from older animals. These decreases were not dependent on the concentration of added methionine. Differences in protein synthesis could not be accounted for by specific peptidases in the incubation mixture. Polypeptide bands corresponding to actin and to the heavy and light chains of myosin were observed among the newly synthesized proteins following electrophoresis and autoradiography of the incubation mixture on polyacrylamide gels. The pattern of proteins synthesized, however, did not appear to vary significantly between young and old animals. Age-related decreases in the synthesis of vascular proteins may contribute, in part, to some of the changes in the mechanical and functional properties of blood vessels during aging.
Ensemble deep learning based resource allocation for multi-channel underlay cognitive radio system (2022)

This paper proposes a resource allocation strategy for multi-channel underlay cognitive radio (CR) systems by means of an ensemble deep learning framework. The transmit power of secondary users (SUs) allocated to each channel is determined to maximize the overall spectral efficiency (SE), whilst meeting the interference constraint on the primary user (PU). To this end, a deep neural network (DNN) structure is developed, in which multiple DNN units are jointly utilized, to obtain the diversity over different DNNs. Our simulation results confirm that the proposed scheme can achieve near-optimal performance with a low computation time of less than 1.5 ms.
Quantitative proteomics approach for identifying protein–drug interactions in complex mixtures using protein stability measurements (2010)

Knowledge about the protein targets of therapeutic agents is critical for understanding drug mode of action. Described here is a mass spectrometry-based proteomics method for identifying the protein target(s) of drug molecules that is potentially applicable to any drug compound. The method, which involves making thermodynamic measurements of protein-folding reactions in complex biological mixtures to detect protein-drug interactions, is demonstrated in an experiment to identify yeast protein targets of the immunosuppressive drug, cyclosporin A (CsA). Two of the ten protein targets identified in this proof of principle work were cyclophilin A and UDP-glucose-4-epimerase, both of which are known to interact with CsA, the former through a direct binding event (K(d) approximately 70 nM) and the latter through an indirect binding event. These two previously known protein targets validate the methodology and its ability to detect both the on- and off-target effects of protein-drug interactions. The other eight protein targets discovered here, which include several proteins involved in glucose metabolism, create a new framework in which to investigate the molecular basis of CsA side effects in humans.
[Point-of-care testing of hemostatic alterations in anaesthesia and intensive care]. (2003)

In recent years point-of-care testing (POCT) has seen wider applications in the clinical management of surgical and critically ill patients. The available methods for haemostasis analysis include simple-to-handle tests for the assessment of plasmatic coagulation, platelet function tests and the more complex visco-elastic assays. The main advantage of POCT is the fast availability of the results allowing a targeted management of haemostasis disorders. The benefits and risks of POCT depend on the urgency of the analysis, the turn-around time of the laboratory tests, the availability of motivated staff at the point-of-care and the expected haemostatic alterations. An underestimated aspect of POCT is the importance of established quality management procedures. For this purpose control materials based on plasma or artificial fluids are being applied. In spite of often higher costs we appraise the use of POC analysis in many settings as justified because of the gain of time and the overall better process quality, i.e. targeted haemostasis therapy instead of consecutive application of different therapeutic options.
Quantitative Flow Cytometry: Concerns and Recommendations in Clinic and Research (2017)

The field of QFCM displays a significant part in the diagnostic clinical toolbox. We believe that the recommendations described herein can improve significantly the stability and accuracy of this method, thus assuring a more standardized cell analyses. © 2017 International Clinical Cytometry Society.
Quality‐of‐Life Outcomes following Surgical Treatment of Ménière's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis (2018)

Although our review shows significant improvements in PROM scores for both destructive and nondestructive interventions, there was no significant difference noted between treatment types. We cannot draw conclusions regarding the comparative effectiveness of specific interventions, and the results do not account for placebo effects or the natural history of the disease. Further investigation with randomized controlled trials should be considered in future studies.