gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lens-less holographic microscope with high resolving power (2010)

A new method is developed for recording and reconstructing a microscopic high-resolution 3-D image with large depth. Any imaging lens is not located between the object and the CCD in our optical system. A number of partial off-axis holograms are sequentially recorded with one CCD, or are recorded at once with multi-channel CCD by the single- shot digital holography. Partial complex-amplitude in-line holograms are extracted from recorded off-axis holograms by applying the simple-shot digital holography, and are arranged in order to generate a wide complex-amplitude in-line hologram. A high-resolution image with no distortion is numerically reconstructed from the wide complex-amplitude inline hologram.
Acute and Chronic Effects of Cisplatinum upon Testicular Function in the Rat (1990)

One of the side effects of cisplatinum-based chemotherapy is the impairment of spermatogenic function. In order to understand the mechanisms responsible for this side effect, the present study examined the short- and long-term effects of five daily injections of 2 mg/kg cisplatinum upon the functional normality of Leydig cells and Sertoli cells in intact adult rats, and their relationship with the status of spermatogenesis. Results of the present study demonstrate that cisplatinum treatment resulted in a progressive but reversible loss of germ cells from the seminiferous epithelium. Although testicular testosterone contents reduced transiently after the adminisration of cisplatinum, these testosterone levels are otherwise sufficient to support complete spermatogenesis. Thus, the cisplatinum-induced germinal regression cannot be accounted for by hypoandrogenism. The testicular ABP contents of the drug-treated rats remained unchanged during the treatment period, decreased transiently 30 days after the treatment, and returned to normal 120 days after treatment. A decrease in epididymal ABP content was also noted 10 and 30 days after the drug treatment. These observations suggest that Sertoli cell functions were affected by cisplatinum treatment. The effects of cisplatinum upon Sertoli cells were further demonstrated by the dose-dependent suppression of the production of ABP, lactate, and estradiol in cultured Sertoli cells. In addition, cisplatinum administration resulted in a reversible decrease in pituitary weights and an irreversible decrease in seminal vesicle weights. These results further demonstrate the toxic effects of cisplatinum upon various aspects of the male reproductive system.
Functional assessment of total hip arthroplasty using inertial measurement units: Improvement in gait kinematics and association with patient‐reported outcome measures (2022)

Inertial measurement units (IMUs) are commonly used for gait assessment, yet their potential for quantifying improvements in gait function and patterns after total hip arthroplasty (THA) has not been fully explored. The primary aim of this study was to compare spatiotemporal parameters and sagittal plane kinematic patterns of patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA) before and after THA, and to asymptomatic controls. The secondary aim was to assess the association between dynamic hip range of motion (ROM) during walking and the Hip Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores (HOOS). Twenty-four patients with hip OA and 24 matched asymptomatic controls completed gait analyses using the RehaGait® sensor system. Patients were evaluated pre- and 1 year postoperatively, controls in a single visit. Differences in kinematic data were analyzed using statistical parametric mapping, and correlations between dynamic hip ROM and HOOS were calculated. Walking speed and stride length significantly increased (+0.08 m/s, p = 0.019; +0.06 m, p = 0.048) after THA but did not reach the level of asymptomatic controls (-0.11 m/s, p = 0.028; -0.14 m, p = 0.001). Preoperative hip and knee kinematics differed significantly from controls. After THA, they improved significantly and did not differ from controls. Dynamic hip flexion-extension ROM correlated positively with all HOOS subscores (r > 0.417; p ≤ 0.001). The change in HOOS symptoms in patients was explained by the combination of baseline HOOS symptoms and change in dynamic hip ROM (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.748) suggesting that the additional information gained with IMU gait analysis helps to complement and objectify patient-reported outcome measures pre- and postoperatively and monitor treatment-related improvements.
Diagnostic Performance of a Multiple Real-Time PCR Assay in Patients with Suspected Sepsis Hospitalized in an Internal Medicine Ward (2012)

Early identification of causative pathogen in sepsis patients is pivotal to improve clinical outcome. SeptiFast (SF), a commercially available system for molecular diagnosis of sepsis based on PCR, has been mostly used in patients hospitalized in hematology and intensive care units. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy and clinical usefulness of SF, compared to blood culture (BC), in 391 patients with suspected sepsis, hospitalized in a department of internal medicine. A causative pathogen was identified in 85 patients (22%). Sixty pathogens were detected by SF and 57 by BC. No significant differences were found between the two methods in the rates of pathogen detection (P = 0.74), even after excluding 9 pathogens which were isolated by BC and were not included in the SF master list (P = 0.096). The combination of SF and BC significantly improved the diagnostic yield in comparison to BC alone (P < 0.001). Compared to BC, SF showed a significantly lower contamination rate (0 versus 19 cases; P < 0.001) with a higher specificity for pathogen identification (1.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] of 0.99 to 1.00, versus 0.94, 95% CI of 0.90 to 0.96; P = 0.005) and a higher positive predictive value (1.00, 95% CI of 1.00 to 0.92%, versus 0.75, 95% CI of 0.63 to 0.83; P = 0.005). In the subgroup of patients (n = 191) who had been receiving antibiotic treatment for ≥24 h, SF identified more pathogens (16 versus 6; P = 0.049) compared to BC. These results suggest that, in patients with suspected sepsis, hospitalized in an internal medicine ward, SF could be a highly valuable adjunct to conventional BC, particularly in patients under antibiotic treatment.
Optimization of Microbubble‐Based DNA Vaccination with Low‐Frequency Ultrasound for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy (Adv. Therap. 9/2021) (2021)

Microbubble-mediated DNA vaccination is applied to treat NDL murine breast cancer. With an optimized microbubble and ultrasound protocol, the transfection efficiency is increased. Immune cell recruitment to the tumor microenvironment is then enhanced by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) cytokines, leading to tumor regression. This is reported by Katherine W. Ferrara and co-workers in article number 2100033.
Representation of object contour features in intermediate visual areas in the human brain (2013)

Vision is mediated by a set of hierarchically organized cortical areas that represent information at different levels of complexity. Peripheral visual areas represent simple image-level features such as oriented edges, textures and motion energy. Central visual areas represent the semantic categories of objects and scenes. Intermediate areas are thought to represent shape features (such as silhouette contours) that are critical for building up more complex representations from simpler features. However, because it is difficult to parametrize shape features in natural photographs, most studies of shape representation use simple objects on blank backgrounds. Consequently, intermediate representations of complex shapes in natural scenes are still poorly understood. To investigate this issue we used computer animation software (Blender) to render realistic artificial scenes that varied in color, texture, and lighting, as well as in object position, size, and semantic category. Human subjects viewed the rendered movies for 70 minutes while BOLD fMRI responses were recorded from visual cortex. We then computed contour features associated with objects (i.e., silhouettes and surface/depth discontinuities within objects) based on the virtual 3D world that generated each scene. We used these features as regressors in a voxel-wise modeling and decoding (VWMD) framework. VWMD estimates a set of weights for each individual voxel that reflect how specific features influence hemodynamic responses. Finally, we used a separate data set to test predictions of the fit models. We found that predictions of the object contour models were more accurate in V4 and lateral occipital cortex than were predictions of a simple motion energy model shown previously to provide good predictions in V1. Furthermore, predictions did not improve when additional regressors that reflected contours at surface/depth discontinuities in the background were included. Our results suggest that intermediate visual areas represent the contours of foreground objects in the natural world. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2013
Detection-theoretic analysis of desynchronization attacks in watermarking (2003)

This paper studies the effects of desynchronization attacks such as delay and warping on the performance of blind watermark detection systems. Detection performance is measured using a probability-of-error criterion. Evaluation of the optimal likelihood ratio test is often computationally expensive, so as a practical alternative, we propose a family of quadratic detectors and construct the detector and family of watermarks that maximize the deflection criterion. For delay attacks, the deflection criterion is shown to increase quadratically with the duration of the host signal. For warping attacks, the deflection criterion increases proportionally to the duration of the signal and proportionally to the correlation time of the warping function. Piecewise-sinusoidal watermarks are shown to be nearly optimal in that case. Some examples are presented.
High-accuracy wave field reconstruction: decoupled inverse imaging with sparse modeling of phase and amplitude (2011)

We apply a nonlocal adaptive spectral transform for sparse modeling of phase and amplitude of a coherent wave field. The reconstruction of this wave field from complex-valued Gaussian noisy observations is considered. The problem is formulated as a multiobjective constrained optimization. The developed iterative algorithm decouples the inversion of the forward propagation operator and the filtering of phase and amplitude of the wave field. It is demonstrated by simulations that the performance of the algorithm, both visually and numerically, is the current state of the art.
Secondary Equipment Placement Strategy Considering Grid Layer Constraints of Screen Cabinets (2023)

Modularization is in line with the development trend of smart substations. However, research on the systematic analysis of the influencing factors of smart substation modularization is still lacking. This paper systematically analyzes the influencing factors of smart substation module division from the perspectives of function, space, time, cost and the whole life cycle. Afterward, from the perspective of substation construction cost, the placement of the secondary equipment in the panel cabinet is analyzed, and the corresponding mathematical model is established with the optimization goal of minimizing the number of panel cabinets. Our model can provide the solution with the greatest space utilization on the premise of ensuring the same function as the secondary equipment screen cabinet.
Methods for Calcium Carbonate Content Measurement of Biocemented Soils (2017)

Recently, a new soil improvement method to use a microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) process to generate biocementation in sand has been developed. In this method, the properties of biocemented soil are controlled by the calcium carbonate content produced through the MICP process. Various methods have been used in the literature to determine the calcium carbonate content in soil. However, the calcium carbonate content determination can be affected by the methods used and this effect has not been studied so far. In this paper, six different methods that can be adopted to measure the calcium carbonate content are examined experimentally: the titration, inductively coupled plasma (ICP), X-ray diffraction (XRD) TOPAS, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), ASTM, and washing methods. The titration and ICP methods give the lowest value and the washing method the highest value. The other three methods, XRD TOPAS, TGA, and ASTM, produce values in between and the differences among the values measured by those three methods are small.
RESEARCH FOR THE DEMAND OF HOUSING IN CHINESE CITIES BASED ON THE THEORY OF SCENES (2011)

The theory of scenes which comes from the Chicago Sociology School was used to investigate the change of culture and value.In the Chinese society of today,the influence of culture and value is enhanced in urban inhabitant day by day.Some new special phenomena, such as Mortgage Slave,Woju and Ant Tribe,have implied the rising trend.Thus,we apply the theory of scenes to Chinese urban research.We first review the correlative theories. Then we construct the scenes factors in 375 countries of China based on the scenes theory. After that we use the regression model to make the statistical analysis on different age groups' Chinese urban inhabitants.Finally,we prove our assumptions.And we propose some relevant policy suggestions to Chinese government.
The Stille Reaction, 38 Years Later (2015)

The first now-named Stille reaction was published 38 years ago, and the last comprehensive revision of this catalysis was in 2004. Since then, the knowledge of the different steps of the three possible (and sometimes competing) reaction pathways (cyclic, open, and ionic) has been almost completed by synergistic experimental and theoretical studies: the Stille reaction is perhaps the best characterized catalytic process if we consider the number of intermediates that have been detected. This review concentrates on the mechanistic new knowledge and on important aspects such as the revolution with the use of bulky phosphines, the bimetallic alternative of the Stille reaction, the enantioselectivity in Stille and palladium-free Stille processes, the meaning of copper effect, or the possible approaches to make Stille coupling a greener process.
High-Throughput Edge Inference for BERT Models via Neural Architecture Search and Pipeline (2023)

There has been growing interest in improving the BERT inference throughput on resource-constrained edge devices for a satisfactory user experience. One methodology is to employ heterogeneous computing, which utilizes multiple processing elements to accelerate inference. Another methodology is to deploy Neural Architecture Search (NAS) to find optimal solutions in accuracy-throughput design space. In this paper, for the first time, we incorporate NAS with pipelining for BERT models. We show that performing NAS with pipelining achieves on average 53% higher throughput, compared to NAS with a homogeneous system.
Atmospheric Chemistry in Giant Planets, Brown Dwarfs, and Low‐Mass Dwarf Stars. II. Sulfur and Phosphorus (2006)

Thermochemical equilibrium and kinetic calculations are used to model sulfur and phosphorus chemistry in giant planets, brown dwarfs, and extrasolar giant planets (EGPs). The chemical behavior of individual S- and P-bearing gases and condensates is determined as a function of pressure, temperature, and metallicity. The results are independent of particular model atmospheres and, in principle, the equilibrium composition along the pressure-temperature profile of any object can be determined. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is the dominant S-bearing gas throughout substellar atmospheres and approximately represents the atmospheric sulfur inventory. Silicon sulfide (SiS) is a potential tracer of weather in substellar atmospheres. Disequilibrium abundances of phosphine (PH3) approximately representative of the total atmospheric phosphorus inventory are expected to be mixed upward into the observable atmospheres of giant planets and T dwarfs. In hotter objects, several P-bearing gases (e.g., P2, PH3, PH2, PH, HCP) become increasingly important at high temperatures.
Rediscovery of the Elements: The Curious Case of Vestium (2011)

Article describing Jedrzej Sniadecki's career and his flawed findings regarding vestium. Tourist information is included for areas significant to Sniadecki's life and work.
Dielectric characterization of biological liquids and tissues up to 110 GHz using an LTCC CPW sensor (2013)

In this paper we describe the dielectric characterization up to 110 GHz of various liquids and biological tissues using an on-wafer technique. The materials are placed in a PDMS container and placed on top of a CPW line fabricated on LTCC. The method uses a multi-step method to extract the propagation constant of the CPW line covered by material under test (MUT), which is then used to extract the dielectric constant of the MUT. In this paper, results are presented for ethanol, methanol, distilled water, porcine blood and veal liver. They agree well with the fitted Debye models available in literature.
Trajectory Tracking and Stability Analysis for Mobile Manipulators Based on Decentralized Control (2019)

Summary Trajectory tracking of a mobile manipulator in the Cartesian space based on decentralized control is considered in this paper. The dynamic model is first rearranged to take the form of two interconnected subsystems with constraint flow, namely, a nonholonomic mobile platform subsystem and a holonomic manipulator subsystem. Secondly, using the inverse kinematics, the workspace desired trajectory of the mobile manipulator is transformed to the manipulator joint space as well as the platform desired trajectory. The kinematic control is developed from the desired trajectory of the platform. Then, the desired velocity is derived using the kinematic controller of the mobile platform, after which the velocity is used to obtain the control law of the mobile platform subsystem. Thirdly, the control law of the manipulator subsystem is developed based on the desired and real values of the manipulator, as well as the desired velocity. According to the Lyapunov stability theory, the proposed decentralized control strategy guarantees the global stability of the closed-loop system, and the tracking errors are bounded. Experimental results obtained on a 3-DOF manipulator mounted on a mobile platform are given to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach. This is confirmed by a comparison with the computed torque approach.
581. The preparation and properties of hexahydro-1 : 4-diphenyl-1 : 4-azaphosphine (1952)

F. G. Mann and I. T. Millar, J. Chem. Soc., 1952, 3039 DOI: 10.1039/JR9520003039
The Oxidation of 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol1 (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Oxidation of 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol1G. R. YOHE, J. E. DUNBAR, R. L. PEDROTTI, F. M. SCHEIDT, FRED G. H. LEE, and EARLE C. SMITHCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1956, 21, 11, 1289–1292Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01117a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01117a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views367Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Genomic representations using concatenates of Type IIB restriction endonuclease digestion fragments (2004)

We have developed a method for genomic representation using Type IIB restriction endonucleases. Representation by concatenation of restriction digests, or RECORD, is an approach to sample the fragments generated by cleavage with these enzymes. Here, we show that the RECORD libraries may be used for digital karyotyping and for pathogen identification by computational subtraction.
Beat-note locking in dual-polarization lasers submitted to frequency-shifted optical feedback (2011)

We derive a delay-differential equation model that describes continuous-wave (cw) or passively Q-switched (PQS) two-frequency solid-state lasers submitted to frequency-shifted feedback (FSF). The study focuses on the locking of the beat note between the two free-running laser frequencies to a reference external frequency. The locking domain is obtained analytically in the cw regime. The PQS regime is treated by adding a saturable absorber population in the model equations. In this case, numerical simulations permit us to evaluate a locking range that is smaller than in the cw case. We find good agreement between the theoretical predictions and experiments carried out with a cw diode-pumped dual-polarization Nd:YAG laser as well as with previously published experimental results obtained with cw Er:Yb:glass [Opt. Lett.32, 1099 (2007)] and PQS Nd:YAG [Opt. Lett.33, 2524 (2008)] lasers. Applications of the FSF locking technique include the lidar&#x2013;radar technique, for which a highly coherent beat note is required.
Microstructural control by secondary processing of strip cast low carbon steel (2001)

AbstractThe secondary processing of low carbon steel strip produced by twin roll casting was investigated to examine its effect on microstructural development and mechanical properties. The as cast microstructure is predominantly acicular ferrite with regions of bainitepearlite and polygonal ferrite. Deformation at temperatures below Ar1 produces a heterogeneous microstructure with regions of moderately deformed acicular ferrite adjacent to highly deformed regions containing shear bands. Cold rolled and warm rolled steels show similar behaviour to conventional hot band in that dynamic recovery during warm rolling results in sluggish recrystallisation and produces a coarse final grain size. However, the initial as cast microstructure recrystallises at a slower rate than conventional hot band and produces a weaker recrystallisation texture. This can be attributed to the heterogeneous microstructure of the as cast strip such that, after rolling, nucleation occurs within shear bands and more ill defined sites, which results in nucleation of randomly oriented grains thereby producing a weak final texture. It was found that austenitising the as cast strip followed by rolling in the vicinity of Ar3 produces a uniform distribution of equiaxed, ultrafine ferrite UFF grains throughout the thickness of the strip. The production of UFF by twin roll casting and subsequent rolling represents a simple processing route for the production of fine grained low carbon sheet steel products.