gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunological mechanisms in atherosclerosis (1995)

Immunological mechanisms seem to be potent modulators of the atherosclerotic process. The presence of substantial numbers of T-lymphocytes in the lesion and local and circulating autoantibodies to plaque components suggests that a specific immune response is operating. Focal expression of adhesion molecules and local secretion of chemoattractants could mediate the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the lesion. Local cytokine and growth factor networks may operate later, controlling cell migration and proliferation. Although it is still important to realize the complexity of these mechanisms, the ongoing characterization of the molecular mechanisms in atherogenesis may lead to new strategies for intervention with the disease process.
Na+ pump inhibition downregulates an ATP-sensitive K+ channel in rabbit proximal convoluted tubule (1993)

In several epithelial and nonepithelial tissues a functional link between the basolateral Na(+)-K(+)-adenosinetriphosphatase (Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase) and a basolateral K+ conductance has been established. However, the nature of this link is unclear. We have previously identified a K+ channel on the basolateral membrane of the proximal convoluted tubule perfused in vitro, the activity of which is increased by stimulation of Na+ transport [J. S. Beck, A. M. Hurst, J.-Y. Lapointe, and R. Laprade. Am. J. Physiol. 264 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 33): F496-F501, 1993]. In the present study we investigate whether basolateral membrane K+ channel activity is tightly coupled to Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity. In cell-attached patches (150 mM K+ pipette), following stimulation of channel activity by addition of Na(+)-cotransported solutes to the tubule lumen, mean channel open probability (NPo) was reduced from 0.35 +/- 0.09 to 0.14 +/- 0.06 (n = 7, P < 0.05) by blocking the Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase with 100 microM strophanthidin. In excised patches the channel was reversibly blocked by 2 mM ATP from the cytosolic face of the patch, such that NPo fell to 20.1 +/- 7.0% (n = 5, P < 0.001) of control and recovered to 52.2 +/- 11.2% (n = 5, P < 0.05) after washout of ATP. Diazoxide, a putative opener of ATP-sensitive K+ channels, when added to the bathing solution of an unstimulated tubule (microperfused in the absence of Na(+)-cotransported solutes), increased NPo from 0.046 +/- 0.035 to 0.44 +/- 0.2 (n = 6, P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Void transformation and dopant distribution in porous silicon (2007)

It is established by experiment that the densification of a porous-silicon (PSi) film starts at its surface, where the material is most discontinuous. The film-wafer system tends to thermal equilibrium by downward mass transport along voids to a depth of 50 μm. As a result, open voids less than 50 μm deep disappear completely, whereas deeper ones become isolated from the surface. These structural changes are manifested in doping profiles. Strong dependence is found of void transformation on diffusion temperature and time, wafer doping level, and original PSi-film porosity. Specifically, changing to higher diffusion temperatures, longer diffusion times, or higher wafer doping levels results in a reduced porosity throughout the PSi film. Maximum densification is observed in PSi films with an original porosity of 15–50%.
D-HaploDB: a database of definitive haplotypes determined by genotyping complete hydatidiform mole samples (2006)

The Definitive Haplotype Database (D-HaploDB) is a web-accessible resource of genome-wide definitive haplotypes determined from a collection of Japanese complete hydatidiform moles (CHMs), each of which carries a genome derived from a single sperm. Currently, the database contains genotypes for 281 439 common SNPs from 74 CHMs which were determined by a high-throughput array-based oligonucleotide hybridization technique. The database also presents maps of haplotype blocks and linkage disequilibrium bins together with tagSNPs that might prove useful for association studies of disease genes. Cryptic relatedness among the samples in this study is unlikely, because the formation of a CHM is a maternal event of rare sporadic occurrence, and its genotype is that of the incoming sperm. This is demonstrated by the absence of long extended shared haplotypes (ESHs). The D-HaploDB is freely accessible via the Internet at http://orca.gen.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
Utility of Frequency Domain Optical Coherence Tomographic Evaluation of Angiographically Optimized Stented Lesions. (2016)

Post-PCI OCT in angiographically optimized vessels was helpful in improving stent deployment in more than one-half of the cases. Our findings suggest that post-PCI OCT may be a clinically useful tool in angiographically optimized stenting. Prospective studies will provide further clarity on the place of OCT in this setting.
A membrane enzyme from Staphylococcus aureus which catalyzes transpeptidase, carboxypeptidase, and penicillinase activities (1978)

Staphylococcus aureus H membranes were found to contain four major binding components: Mr = 115,000; Mr = 100,000 doublet; and Mr = 46,000. The low molecular weight protein bound penicillin reversibly and was purified by prebinding membranes with penicillin prior to affinity chromatography. The purified protein catalyzed transpeptidase and carboxypeptidase reactions using di[14C]acetyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine as the substrate and glycine and hydroxylamine as the acceptors. In addition, the enzyme catalyzed a penicillinase reaction. Kinetic analysis of these reactions revealed similar Vmax values suggesting that, if there is a single active site, the rate-determining steps (i.e. deacetylation) are similar. Rapid denaturation of the enzyme.substrate complex resulted in the detection of covalent penicilloyl- and diacetyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl.enzyme complexes by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Leveraging medical thesauri and physician feedback for improving medical literature retrieval for case queries (2012)

Medical case-based literature retrieval is a critical search application that presents a number of unique challenges. This analysis shows that the state-of-the-art general retrieval models are reasonably good for the task, but the performance can be significantly improved by developing new task-specific retrieval models that incorporate medical thesauri and physician feedback.
Adiabatic radiofrequency pulse forms in biomedical nuclear magnetic resonance (2002)

Abstract Adiabatic radio frequency (RF) pulses are in widespread use in biomedical magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. The primary advantage of adiabatic pulses is that provided the condition for adiabaticity is satisfied they can be made insensitive to inhomogeneities in the RF field. In this pedagogical article the principles of adiabatic fast passage (AFP) are explained, and the use of AFP to invert both stationary and flowing spin systems is examined. The hyperbolic secant pulse is presented as a pulse capable of performing slice selective adiabatic inversion. Lower power alternatives to this pulse are described, and the principle of offset independent constant adiabaticity is elucidated. Instantaneous reversal of the orientation of the effective RF field as a means of producing excitation and refocusing pulses is presented, as are methods of obtaining slice selective excitation with these pulses. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson 2: 89–101, 2002
Italian buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) starch: Physico‐chemical and functional characterization and in vitro digestibility (1997)

A study on the physico-chemical properties and structure together with the evaluation of starch digestibility was carried out on starch isolated from buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) cultivated in different Italian areas. Results showed that buckwheat samples analysed were different among them and from wheat starch used as reference. Buckwheat granules were polygonal in shape and had a smaller diameter than the wheat starch granule. The starch obtained from buckwheat had a higher swelling power than the wheat one, probably as a consequence of the wheaker but more extensive bonding forces in the granule. During cooling, buckwheat samples showed a good paste stability.
Augmentation of Antitumor Immunity by Human and Mouse CAR T Cells Secreting IL-18 (2017)

The effects of transgenically encoded human and mouse IL-18 on T cell proliferation and its application in boosting chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are presented. Robust enhancement of proliferation of IL-18-secreting human T cells occurred in a xenograft model, and this was dependent on TCR and IL-18R signaling. IL-18 augmented IFN-γ secretion and proliferation of T cells activated by the endogenous TCR. TCR-deficient, human IL-18-expressing CD19 CAR T cells exhibited enhanced proliferation and antitumor activity in the xenograft model. Antigen-propelled activation of cytokine helper ensemble (APACHE) CAR T cells displayed inducible expression of IL-18 and enhanced antitumor immunity. In an intact mouse tumor model, CD19-IL-18 CAR T cells induced deeper B cell aplasia, significantly enhanced CAR T cell proliferation, and effectively augmented antitumor effects in mice with B16F10 melanoma. These findings point to a strategy to develop universal CAR T cells for patients with solid tumors.
Preparation of the crosslinked polymer electrolyte membranes based on a hyperbranched poly(amidoamine) and their proton conductivity (2010)

Abstract A series of novel crosslinked polymer electrolyte membranes were successfully prepared based on the modification of a hyperbranched poly(amidoamine) with terminal vinyl groups. The membranes possessed the different contents of proton-generating sites (i.e., protonated tertiary amine groups) and triflate (Tf 2 N-) in the crosslinked network. They showed good mechanical and thermal stability. The water uptakes of them were ca. 8.4-24.5%. Their proton conductivity was of the order of ca. 10 -5 -10 -2 S/cm in the range of 30-80 °C, and the proton conductivity increased with improving the protonation ratio. AFM results disclosed the micro-phase separation of the hydrophilic proton-generating sites and the hydrophobic domains of Tf 2 N- ions. The resulting locally continuous hydrophilic clusters could provide proton transport channels to produce the high proton conductivity. This kind of polymer electrolyte membranes may have potential applications in PEFCs and other electrochemical fields.
Breaking down the RECIST 1.1 double read variability in lung trials: What do baseline assessments tell us? (2023)

We found significant double read variabilities at baseline, evidence of reading patterns and a means to compare trials. Clinical trial reliability is influenced by the interplay of readers, patients and trial design.
Evaluating the arrayed primer extension resequencing assay of TP53 tumor suppressor gene (2002)

Identification of mutations in the tumor suppressor gene TP53 has implications for the molecular epidemiology and for the molecular pathology of human cancer. We have developed and evaluated an arrayed primer extension assay for covering both strands of a region of the coding sequence containing more than 95% of the mutations described so far in TP53. On average, 97.5% of the arrayed TP53 gene sequence can be analyzed from either sense or antisense strands, and 81% from both strands. A patient DNA sample is amplified and annealed to arrayed primers, which then promote DNA polymerase extension reactions with four fluorescently labeled dideoxynucleotides. The TP53 gene chip spans exons 2-9 plus two introns from both strands. The performance of the assay was evaluated by using freshly extracted genomic DNA, as well as DNA extracted from archival (paraffin-embedded) DNA samples. The arrayed primer extension-based TP53 gene test provides an accurate and efficient tool for DNA sequence analysis of this frequently mutated gene for both research and clinical applications.
Remembering my friends: Medial prefrontal and hippocampal contributions to the self‐reference effect on face memories in a social context (2017)

Memories associated with the self are remembered more accurately than those associated with others. The memory enhancement related to the self is known as the self-reference effect (SRE). However, little is known regarding the neural mechanisms underlying the SRE in a social context modulated by social relationships. In the present fMRI study, we investigated encoding-related activation of face memories encoded with the self-referential process in a social context that was manipulated by imagining a person-to-person relationship. Healthy young adults participated in the present study. During encoding, participants encoded unfamiliar target faces by imagining a future friendship with themselves (Self), their friends (Friend), or strangers (Other). During retrieval, participants were presented with target and distracter faces one by one, and they judged whether each face had been previously learned. In the behavioral results, target faces encoded in the Self condition were remembered more accurately than those encoded in the Other condition. fMRI results demonstrated that encoding-related activation in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) was significantly greater in the Self condition than in the Friend or Other conditions. In addition, the generalized psycho-physiological interaction (gPPI) analysis showed that functional connectivity between activation in the hippocampus and the cortical midline structures (CMSs), including the mPFC and precuneus, was significant in the Self but not in the Other condition. These findings suggest that the SRE in a social context could be involved in the interaction between the CMS regions, which are related to the self-referential process, and the hippocampus related to the memory process. Hum Brain Mapp 38:4256-4269, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Intra Array Statics (IAS) in the Cross-spread Domain (2011)

Demand for higher signal to noise ratio in seismic data is rapidly increasing. In land data ground roll noise has always been a major problem. Coarse spatial sampling makes this kind of noise considerably difficult to attenuate because of aliasing. High density single sensor recording naturally solves the sampling problem. Digital array forming may then be needed for cost reduction or for signal to noise ratio enhancement. To increase the temporal processing bandwidth, Intra Array Statics (IAS) must be applied prior to digital array forming. Here, three methods for estimating intra array statics are proposed and real data examples are shown.
In situ crosslinking temperature‐responsive hydrogels with improved delivery, swelling, and elasticity for endovascular embolization (2022)

Endovascular embolization of cerebral aneurysms is a common approach for reducing the risk of often-fatal hemorrhage. However, currently available materials used to occlude these aneurysms provide incomplete filling (coils) or require a complicated, time-consuming delivery procedure (solvent-exchange precipitating polymers). The objective of this work was to develop an easily deliverable in situ forming hydrogel that can occlude the entire volume of an aneurysm. The hydrogel is formed by mixing a solution of a temperature-responsive polymer containing pendent thiol groups (poly(NIPAAm-co-cysteamine) or poly(NIPAAm-co-cysteamine-co-JAAm)) with a solution of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). Incorporation of hydrophilic grafts of polyetheramine acrylamide (JAAm) in the temperature-responsive polymer caused weaker physical crosslinking, facilitated faster and more complete chemical crosslinking, and increased gel swelling. One formulation (30 wt % PNCJ20 + PEGDA) could be delivered for over 220 s after mixing, formed a strong and elastic hydrogel (G' > 6000 Pa) within 30 min and once set, maintained its shape and volume in a model aneurysm under flow. This gel represents a promising candidate water-based material utilizing both physical and chemical crosslinking that warrants further investigation as an embolic agent for saccular aneurysms.
Longitudinal trends in incidence and health care use for pediatric concussion in Alberta, Canada (2022)

This is the first study to use EOC to describe longitudinal trends in incidence and follow-up care for pediatric concussion in relation to age, sex, rurality, point of care, and area-based SES. We report increased incidence of concussion in both emergency and outpatient settings and the proportion of diagnoses was positively related to SES and age. Patients increasingly received care for concussion in PO over time. Geospatial mapping indicated that the incidence of concussion and unspecified injury of head varied geographically and temporally. Results have important implications for appropriate clinical management and efficient provision of health care following pediatric concussion.
Inversion of flow fields from sensor network data (2005)

We consider the problem of monitoring the concentration and dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere using a collection of randomly scattered sensors. The sensors are capable of indicating only that the concentration has exceeded a randomly selected threshold and providing this information to a central hub. We consider the case when the dispersion occurs in a general wind velocity field. In this case, the dispersion is modelled by a PDE which in general does not have a closed form solution. We find the maximum likelihood estimate of the concentration as well as the time and location of the pollutant source. Frechet derivatives are used to optimize the cost function. The wind velocity field is estimated as a nuisance parameter.
Opposing Roles of Dendritic Cell Subsets in Experimental GN (2017)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are thought to form a dendritic network across barrier surfaces and throughout organs, including the kidney, to perform an important sentinel function. However, previous studies of DC function used markers, such as CD11c or CX3CR1, that are not unique to DCs. Here, we evaluated the role of DCs in renal inflammation using a CD11c reporter mouse line and two mouse lines with DC-specific reporters, <i>Zbtb46</i>-GFP and <i>Snx22</i>-GFP. Multiphoton microscopy of kidney sections confirmed that most of the dendritically shaped CD11c<sup>+</sup> cells forming a network throughout the renal interstitium expressed macrophage-specific markers. In contrast, DCs marked by <i>Zbtb46</i>-GFP or <i>Snx22</i>-GFP were less abundant, concentrated around blood vessels, and round in shape. We confirmed this pattern of localization using imaging mass cytometry. Motility measurements showed that resident macrophages were sessile, whereas DCs were motile before and after inflammation. Although uninflamed glomeruli rarely contained DCs, injury with nephrotoxic antibodies resulted in accumulation of ZBTB46 <i><sup>+</sup></i> cells in the periglomerular region. ZBTB46 identifies all classic DCs, which can be categorized into two functional subsets that express either CD103 or CD11b. Depletion of ZBTB46 <i><sup>+</sup></i> cells attenuated the antibody-induced kidney injury, whereas deficiency of the CD103<sup>+</sup> subset accelerated injury through a mechanism that involved increased neutrophil infiltration. RNA sequencing 7 days after nephrotoxic antibody injection showed that CD11b<sup>+</sup> DCs expressed the neutrophil-attracting cytokine CXCL2, whereas CD103<sup>+</sup> DCs expressed high levels of several anti-inflammatory genes. These results provide new insights into the distinct functions of the two major DC subsets in glomerular inflammation.
Post-wall waveguide slot array antennas (2006)

This paper presents the up-to-date results of the post-wall waveguide slot array antennas. The guide wavelength of post-wall waveguide is discussed as a function of the post diameter and the post spacing by solving an eigen-value problem. The efficiency of the post-wall waveguide fed parallel plate slot array antennas is presented as a function of the antenna size. The center-feed is proposed in the parallel-plate antenna to fix the main-beam direction and enhance the gain bandwidth. We describe the beam-switching antenna by integrating a Butler matrix with slot array antennas in a single-layer dielectric substrate.
Combination of hDAF-transgenic pig hearts and immunoadsorption in heterotopic xenotransplantation of immunosuppressed baboons (2006)

Objectives: Hyperacute xenograft rejection (HXR) and acute vascular rejection (AVR) after xenotransplantation is triggered by xenoreactive antibodies (XAb) and an activated complement cascade. In a heterotopic (abdominal) xenotransplantation model we combined immunoadsorption (IA, Ig-Therasorb column) and a quadruple immunosuppressive therapy in recipient baboons with donor pig hearts transgenic for human decay accelerating factor (hDAF).
IL-18 cDNA vaccination protects mice from spontaneous lupus-like autoimmune disease (2003)

The lupus-like autoimmune syndrome of MRL/Mp-Tnfrsf6lpr (lpr) mice is characterized by progressive lymphadenopathy and autoantibody production, leading to early death from renal failure. Activation of T helper lymphocytes is one of the events in the pathogenesis of the disease in these mice and likely in human systemic lupus erythematosus. Among T helper lymphocyte-dependent cytokines, IFN-gamma plays a pivotal role in the abnormal cell activation and the fatal development of the lpr disease. IL-18, an inducer of IFN-gamma in T lymphocytes and natural killer cells, may contribute to the disease because cells from lpr mice are hypersensitive to IL-18 and express high levels of IL-18. To assess the contribution of IL-18 to the pathogenesis in the animal model, in vivo inhibition of IL-18 was attempted. Young lpr mice were vaccinated against autologous IL-18 by repeated administration of a cDNA coding for the murine IL-18 precursor. Vaccinated mice produced autoantibodies to murine IL-18 and exhibited a significant reduction in spontaneous lymphoproliferation and IFN-gamma production as well as less glomerulonephritis and renal damage. Moreover, mortality was significantly delayed in anti-IL-18-vaccinated mice. These studies support the concept that IL-18 plays a major role in the pathogenesis of the autoimmune syndrome of lpr mice and that a reduction in IL-18 activity could be a therapeutic strategy in autoimmune diseases.
The virtual-augmented-reality environment for building commission: case study (2005)

This paper presents a Virtual-Augmented-Reality Environment (VARE) which is an augmented-reality (AR) system integrated with a virtual-reality environment. The system has been developed to support the building commissioning (BC) process. The CAVE, a projection-based virtual reality system, is used as an immersive interactive environment in which the building being commissioned is modeled and displayed in accordance with the user’s input. The AR system is a computer vision-based visualization system specially designed for displaying BC data. We also investigated RFID (Radio Frequency Identification Device) technology as an alternative object tracking approach. A series of case studies were conducted to verify the performance of the proposed system with various kinds of information commonly being generated during the BC process. VARE would be well suited to a training program for prospective operators. The system is cost-effective and provides the user with compatibility with other software packages that support the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC).