gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of a pig ligated intestinal loop model for early Lawsonia intracellularis infection (2010)

The ligated intestinal loop model was useful with respect to maintaining an intact intestinal morphology for up to 6 h. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that L. intracellularis interacts with villus enterocytes within 3 to 6 h after inoculation into intestinal loops and that the bacterium, as shown for the vaccine bacteria, propagated as well as non-propagated, was able to invade mature enterocytes. Thus, the study demonstrates the early intestinal invasion of L. intracellularis in vivo.
The mdoA locus of Escherichia coli consists of an operon under osmotic control (1991)

In Escherichia coli, the 5 kb mdoA locus is involved in the osmotically controlled biosynthesis of periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharides (MDOs). The structure of this locus was analysed by in vitro cassette insertion, transposon mutagenesis, and gene-fusion analysis. A 'neo' cassette, derived from the neomycin phosphotransferase II region of transposon Tn5, was inserted into mdoA, borne by a multicopy plasmid. This plasmid was shown to complement two previously described mdoA mutations, depending on the orientation of the exogenous gene. Thus, the gene altered by these mutations could be expressed under the control of the exogenous promoter. Moreover, the 'neo' cassette inactivated another, uncharacterized, mdo gene, because when this insertion was transferred into the chromosome MDO synthesis was abolished. The existence of a second gene was confirmed by complementation analysis with a collection of Tn1000 insertions into mdoA. Two groups were defined, and the two genes are organized into an operon (mdoGH). This conclusion was reached because Tn1000 insertions in the first gene displayed a polar effect on the expression of the second gene. An active gene fusion was obtained on a multicopy plasmid between the beginning of mdoH and lacZ. The hybrid beta-galactosidase activity followed the same osmotically controlled response as that described for of MDO synthesis. This regulation was unaffected by the presence, or absence, of MDOs in the periplasm. Finally, the amount of mdoA-specific mRNAs, determined by dot blot hybridization, decreased when the osmolarity of the growth medium increased.
Origin of the low thermal isomerization rate of rhodopsin chromophore (2015)

Low dark noise is a prerequisite for rod cells, which mediate our dim-light vision. The low dark noise is achieved by the extremely stable character of the rod visual pigment, rhodopsin, which evolved from less stable cone visual pigments. We have developed a biochemical method to quickly evaluate the thermal activation rate of visual pigments. Using an isomerization locked chromophore, we confirmed that thermal isomerization of the chromophore is the sole cause of thermal activation. Interestingly, we revealed an unexpected correlation between the thermal stability of the dark state and that of the active intermediate MetaII. Furthermore, we assessed key residues in rhodopsin and cone visual pigments by mutation analysis and identified two critical residues (E122 and I189) in the retinal binding pocket which account for the extremely low thermal activation rate of rhodopsin.
Immunogenicity of Ad26.COV2.S vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants in humans (2021)

The Ad26.COV2.S vaccine1-3 has demonstrated clinical efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19, including against the B.1.351 variant that is partially resistant to neutralizing antibodies1. However, the immunogenicity of this vaccine in humans against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern remains unclear. Here we report humoral and cellular immune responses from 20 Ad26.COV2.S vaccinated individuals from the COV1001 phase I-IIa clinical trial2 against the original SARS-CoV-2 strain WA1/2020 as well as against the B.1.1.7, CAL.20C, P.1 and B.1.351 variants of concern. Ad26.COV2.S induced median pseudovirus neutralizing antibody titres that were 5.0-fold and 3.3-fold lower against the B.1.351 and P.1 variants, respectively, as compared with WA1/2020 on day 71 after vaccination. Median binding antibody titres were 2.9-fold and 2.7-fold lower against the B.1.351 and P.1 variants, respectively, as compared with WA1/2020. Antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis, complement deposition and natural killer cell activation responses were largely preserved against the B.1.351 variant. CD8 and CD4 T cell responses, including central and effector memory responses, were comparable among the WA1/2020, B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1 and CAL.20C variants. These data show that neutralizing antibody responses induced by Ad26.COV2.S were reduced against the B.1.351 and P.1 variants, but functional non-neutralizing antibody responses and T cell responses were largely preserved against SARS-CoV-2 variants. These findings have implications for vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.
Plasma-sprayed metal-glass fluoride coatings for lubrication to 1170 K (1650 F) (1974)

Plasma spray of Nichrome matrix composite contains dispersed glass for oxidation protection and calcium fluoride for lubrication. Coatings can be applied to bearing journals and bearing bores. Coating was easily machinable and had excellent bond strength on substrate metal.
Attenuation of ethanol intake by 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake blockade in laboratory rats: II. Possible interaction with brain norepinephrine. (1979)

This experiment was undertaken to examine whether the attenuation of ethanol consumption following treatment with zimelidine (H102/09) could be due to an invasion of surplus serotonin into norepinephrine neurons. In an attempt to prevent this proposed invasion by serotonin, ethanol preferring animals were pre-treated with desmethylimipramine (DMI), a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, prior to treatment with zimelidine. The results demonstrated that those animals treated in such a manner consumed significantly more ethanol than those animals treated with zimelidine alone. Based on these results it is suggested that the observed attenuation of ethanol consumption following zimelidine treatment, could be partially due to a serotonin-induced functional depletion of norepinephrine.
THE PHOTO-ADDITION OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE TO OLEFINIC BONDS1 (1942)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE PHOTO-ADDITION OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE TO OLEFINIC BONDS1WILLIAM E. VAUGHAN and FREDERICK F. RUSTCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1942, 07, 6, 472–476Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1942Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1942https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01200a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01200a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views384Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Isolation and Characterization of Erythrocyte and Parasite Membranes from Rhesus Red Cells Infected with P. knowlesi. (1978)

Conditions have been developed to utilize rhesus monkeys for multiple cycles of P. knowlesi infection. For this, splenectomy has proven essential. Conditions have been explored for the disruption of parasitized erythrocytes. It was found that nitrogen decompression is most satisfactory. Conditions have been developed for radioactive surface labeling of parasitized cells. Initial experiments have been conducted to define methods for the separation of schizonts and host cell material. (Author)
Development of Novel Bioanalytical Methods to Determine the Effective Concentrations of Phosphorodiamidate Morpholino Oligomers in Tissues and Cells (2013)

Phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMO) are neutrally charged, sequence-specific antisense agents that interfere with targeted gene expression. PMO have been shown to be highly specific and potent therapies after cellular uptake, yet methods to detect PMO in tissue and inside the cell are limited. We offer in this report novel methods for the detection of cellular resident PMO using flow cytometry-fluorescence in situ hybridization (flow FISH) and a sandwich hybridization technique to quickly and sensitively quantify tissue resident PMO. These methods rely on oligonucleotide probes complementary to a PMO to specifically detect and quantify cell-associated and tissue resident PMO after in vitro or in vivo administration. Using the sandwich hybridization technique, we show that intranasally delivered PMO demonstrates zero-order clearance kinetics from the lung. Furthermore, PMO was detected in nonhematopoietic and hematopoietic cells of the lung regardless of influenza virus infection, although an increase in PMO uptake in infected hematopoietic cells was observed. Coincident measurement of target knock-down to cell-associated influenza A PMO concentration allowed for the calculation of an EC50.
A cellulose-based chiral fluorescent sensor for aromatic nitro compounds with central, axial and planar chirality (2017)

This is the first example of a powerful chiral fluorescent sensor applicable to a wide range of chiral compounds with central, axial and planar chirality.
Stimulation of Prolactin Cell Differentiationin Vitroby a Milk-Borne Peptide* (1991)

We have previously reported that the normal expression of PRL-secreting cells in neonatal rats requires a maternal signal specific to the first few days of lactation. These results raised the possibility that a milk-borne factor(s) ingested by the neonate and absorbed into the circulation might induce the ontogenic appearance of PRL cells. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether milk from this period could directly stimulate the differentiation of PRL secretors in culture. Monodispersed anterior pituitary cells from 1-day-old pups were cultured for 6 days with aqueous extracts of milk from early (days 2, 3, and 4) and late (days 15 and 16) lactation and then subjected to reverse hemolytic plaque assays for PRL and GH release. We found that the addition of milk extracts (10 mg/ml) from either early or late lactation stimulated the differentiation of PRL secretors (to 6.1 +/- 1.0% and 2.4 +/- 0.7% of all pituitary cells, respectively; mean +/- SE; n = 3) above that in control cultures without milk (0.2 +/- 0.2%). Thus, early milk was more than twice as effective as late milk in this regard (P less than 0.05). This effect appeared to be specific to PRL cell differentiation, since the relative abundance of GH secretors was not different between cells treated with either early or late milk (29.3 +/- 4.8% and 33.7 +/- 3.9%, respectively). On the other hand, late milk was more than twice as effective as early milk at increasing the capacity of GH secretors to release hormone (P less than 0.05). Preliminary characterization by gel filtration chromatography and proteolytic hydrolysis indicates that the bioactivity that differentiates PRL secretors is a small peptide(s) of 2000-6000 daltons. Taken together, our results demonstrate that a milk-borne peptide(s) is capable of specifically stimulating the differentiation of PRL-secreting cells in vitro, and that this bioactivity is more prevalent in milk from early lactation.
Bobines homogènes pour la résonance magnétique nucléaire portable (RMN) appliquée à l'agroécologie (2018)

International audience
The NECOS Approach to End-to-End Cloud-Network Slicing as a Service (2021)

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Identification of a binding site for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nucleocapsid protein. (1993)

The nucleocapsid (NC) protein NCp7 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is important for encapsidation of the virus genome, RNA dimerization, and primer tRNA annealing in vitro. Here we present evidence from gel mobility-shift experiments indicating that NCp7 binds specifically to an RNA sequence. Two complexes were identified in native gels. The more slowly migrating complex contained two RNA molecules and one peptide, while the more rapidly migrating one is composed of one RNA and one peptide. Further, mutational analysis of the RNA shows that the predicted stem and loop structure of stem-loop 1 plays a critical role. Our results show that NCp7 binds to a unique RNA structure within the psi region; in addition, this structure is necessary for RNA dimerization. We propose that NCp7 binds to the RNA via a direct interaction of one zinc-binding motif to stem-loop 1 followed by binding of the other zinc-binding motif to stem-loop 1, stem-loop 2, or the linker region of the second RNA molecule, forming a bridge between the two RNAs.
Recombinant C5a enhances interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor release by lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated monocytes and macrophages (1990)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a potent inducer of interleukin 1 (IL 1) synthesis and release, and of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) secretion. Many signals can enhance the LPS-induced production of these cytokines. We have previously observed that addition of low amounts of normal human serum to the culture medium enhances IL 1 production. Among serum factors, anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a and/or their desArg derivatives have been shown to enhance LPS-induced IL 1 and TNF production. However, the capacity of natural anaphylatoxins to induce by themselves the production of cytokines remains a controversial issue. We have investigated the capacity of human recombinant C5a (hrC5a) to induce IL 1 and TNF production. Despite its lack of direct triggering, hrC5a was able to act synergistically with LPS, leading to higher IL 1 and TNF release by human monocytes and mouse peritoneal macrophages. As assessed by the comitogenic assay, hrC5a increased IL 1 release, whereas cell-associated IL 1 activity was not significantly modified. Measurement by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of human IL 1 beta led to similar conclusions, whereas measurement of IL 1 alpha by radioimmunoassay indicated, in addition, an increase in intracellular IL 1 alpha.
Peeking Through the Cloud (2010)

Reliable network demographics are quickly becoming a much sought-after digital commodity. However, as the need for more refined Internet demographics has grown, so too has the tension between privacy and utility. Unfortunately, current techniques lean too much in favor of functional requirements over protecting the privacy of users. For example, the most prominent proposals for measuring the relative popularity of a Web site depend on the deployment of client-side measurement agents that are generally perceived as infringing on users’ privacy, thereby limiting their wide-scale adoption. Moreover, the client-side nature of these techniques also makes them susceptible to various manipulation tactics that undermine the integrity of their results. In this article, we propose a new estimation technique that uses DNS cache probing to infer the density of clients accessing a given service. Compared to earlier techniques, our scheme is less invasive as it does not reveal user-specific traits, and is more robust against manipulation. We demonstrate the flexibility of our approach through two important security applications. First, we illustrate how our scheme can be used as a lightweight technique for measuring and verifying the relative popularity rank of different Web sites. Second, using data from several hundred botnets, we apply our technique to indirectly measure the infected population of this increasing Internet phenomenon.
StreptomycesATP Nucleotide 3′-Pyrophosphokinase–Gene Cloning and Sequence Analysis (1994)

Streptomyces ATP nucleotide 3'-pyrophosphokinase is an extracellular enzyme that transfers 5'-beta, gamma-pyrophosphoryl groups of ATP to a variety of nucleotides at the 3'-OH site. The enzyme gene was cloned from partially Sau3AI-digested chromosomal DNA of S. morookaensis in S. lividans TK24/pIJ699 and then in E. coli JM83/pUC12. Some transformants produced the active enzyme. The gene was sequenced by the dideoxynucleotide termination procedure. Its GC content was 72%. Its putative promoter regions, showing little homology to that of the Streptomyces consensus type, were pointed out. No sequence homology was found between the pyrophosphokinase and any other known genes including those of the most mechanistically similar bacterial stringent factor and related proteins. Northern hybridization analysis showed that the gene is constitutionally polycistronic and expressed under transcriptional control. Nuclease S1 mapping indicated that the gene transcription starts from its translation initiation site.
On Derivative Sampling From Image Blur for Reconstruction of Band-Limited Signals (2014)

Image sensors are typically characterized by slow sampling rates, which limit their efficacy in signal reconstruction applications. Their integrative nature though produces image blur when the exposure window is long enough to capture relative motion of the observed object relative to the sensor. Image blur contains more information on the observed dynamics than the typically used centroids, i.e., time averages of the motion within the exposure window. Parameters characterizing the observed motion, such as the signal derivatives at specified sampling instants, can be used for signal reconstruction through the derivative sampling extension of the known sampling theorem. Using slow image based sensors as derivative samplers allows for reconstruction of faster signals, overcoming Nyquist limitations. In this manuscript, we present an algorithm to extract values of a signal and its derivatives from blurred image measurements at specified sampling instants, i.e. the center of the exposure windows, show its application in two signal reconstruction numerical examples and provide a numerical study on the sensitivity of the extracted values to significant problem parameters.
[Aim, design and methods of the "Hypertension and diabetes screening and awareness" -- (HYDRA) study]. (2003)

Aim of the study is a comprehensive clinical-epidemiological description of the prevalence of arterial hypertension and diabetes among primary care patients along with an assessment of doctor's recognition rates and prescription behaviour. The paper describes methods and design of the study and provides background information on the sampling process, instruments used as well as characteristics of doctors and patients. The study is based on a nationally representative sample of 1,912 primary care doctors and 45,000 patients that attended the doctors' office on the target days. The patients were also characterized by laboratory tests. The first stage of study consisted of a comprehensive description of the doctors' characteristics in terms of psychosocial, qualification- and provider aspects as well as attitudes towards hypertension and diabetes and their management. In the second stage all patients completed a questionnaire to describe their health behaviour and attitudes as well as the treatment history and therapy. In the third stage all patients were characterized by their doctors in terms of their diagnostic status and their past and current interventions.
S50 SURVIVORSHIP ANALYSIS OF 445 CONSECUTIVE SOUTER-STRATHCLYDE TOTAL ELBOW REPLACEMENTS IN ADULT RHEUMATOID PATIENTS (2006)

Aim of Prospective Study To assess the long-term survival of Souter-Strathclyde replacements and determine the causes of failure. Materials and Methods: Between 1977–97, 445 Souter-Strathclyde replacements were undertaken by the presenting author in 321 patients, ranging in age from 25–81 years (mean 59). The Larsen X-ray grading at the time of surgery was Gd III-2%, Gd IV-43%, Gd V-55%. The standard humeral component was used in 76% and the long-stemmed model in 24% of cases, the standard ulna in 91%, and the long-stemmed in 9%. Clinical and radiological assessments were carried out before surgery and at 6 months and one year after surgery and annually thereafter until the death of the patient or the revision of one or both components, the mean follow-up being 8.9 years (S.D. 5.6). The survival statistics are based on Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression analysis applied to 3 Groups with differing end-points: 1) Revision of one or both components of the prosthesis 2) Ditto or the development of a complication, seriously threatening the survival of the arthroplasty and 3) As in (2) or definite evidence of progressive radiological loosening. Results Very satisfactory pain relief was achieved in 90% of cases. Mean flexion improved from 129° to 144°, pronation from 42° to 59°, and supination from 43° to 62°. Once achieved, these results were well maintained. Mean extension was slightly reduced after surgery (47° to 52°) For Group 1: the survivorship at 5, 10, 15 & 20 years was 95, 89, 82, & 81% respectively; for Group 2: 93, 87, 76 & 69%; and for Group 3: 91, 84, 72, & 68%. In Group 1, indications for revision or removal of one or both components were persistent dislocation (5), fracture (5), aseptic loosening complicated in some cases by fracture (20) and infection (14). In Group 2 the threatening complications included instability (2), un-united fracture of the ulna (4), infection (7), and clinical loosening (2) Conclusions This method of elbow replacement offers very successful and durable pain relief and restoration of function in the adult rheumatoid patient. Survivorship in the first decade after surgery is very acceptable. Later, due to increasing disability and reliance on crutches, resulting from multi-joint involvement, more problems are likely to arise from aseptic loosening, fracture and infection.