gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A reflectance photoplethysmography based device to detect circulatory disruptions (2016)

We study the potential of reflectance photoplethysmography (PPG) in monitoring free flaps for arterial and venous thrombosis in post-surgical scenarios. Circulatory disruptions due to thrombosis were simulated using limb ischemia method on 30 volunteers. Arterial and venous occlusions were conducted in this study. The variation in blood flow in the region of interest was captured by a custom built sensor and data acquisition system using dual wavelength reflectance photoplethysmography. The main chromophores in blood, oxygenated and reduced hemoglobin, showed good variation to visible - near infrared wavelengths with concentration and volume changes. Sensitivity of the prototype device in detecting arterial and venous circulation disruptions was evaluated at various different threshold levels of signal parameters. The device showed strong capability to accurately detect circulatory disruptions and has potential in post-surgical monitoring of free flaps.
Inhibitory Effect of Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) Leaves Methanolic Extract on Listeria monocytogenes (2012)

In recent years, there has been great development in the search for new natural compounds for food preservation aimed at a partial or total replacement of currently popular antimicrobial chemicals. Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) offers a natural promising alternative for food safety and bioconservation. In this work, the methanolic extract of carob leaves (MECL) was tested for the ability to inhibit the growth of a range of microorganisms. MECL inhibited the growth of Listeria monocytogenes at 28.12 μg/mL by the broth microdilution method. The effect of this bacteriostatic concentration on the growth of this bacterium revealed a pattern of inhibition characterized by (a) a resumed growth phase, which showed a lower rate of growth if compared with controls; and (b) first a lag and then a stationary phase at a lower bacterium concentration. The study of the chemical composition of MECL by high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry showed the presence of gallic acid, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, myricitrin, isoquercitin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, and malic acid. L. monocytogenes growth inhibition was recorded for myricitrin and gallic acid at 450 μg/mL and for (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate and isoquercitin, respectively, at 225 and 112.5 μg/mL. Taking into account that proline is a ligand of proline dehydrogenase (PDH), the use of this compound leads us to hypothesize the mode of action of MECL constituents.
Voice to Vision II: Journey (2005)

University of Minnesota Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies. University of Minnesota Department of Art.
Radioprotection of Mouse Jejunum by WR-2721 and WR-1065: Effects on DNA Strand-Break Induction and Rejoining (1988)

WR-2721 and its free-thiol metabolite WR-1065 have been characterized for their ability to protect mouse jejunal cells in vivo from the damaging effects of gamma rays with respect to both cytotoxicity and DNA single-strand break (SSB) induction. SSBs were measured both in the whole jejunal epithelium and in the proliferating crypt cells using an adaptation of the alkaline elution methodology. Protection factors (PFs) were also obtained using the microcolony assay for jejunal crypts. In mice treated with WR-1065 (400 mg/kg) 15 or 30 min prior to irradiation, there was a slight but significant reduction in the initial number of SSBs both in the whole jejunum (PF of between 1.17 and 1.22) and in the proliferating crypt cells (PF of between 1.13 and 1.28). At a dose of 200 mg/kg, the PF for SSBs in the proliferating crypt cells was 1.12 +/- 0.07 while that for crypt-cell survival was approximately 2.0. In mice treated with WR-2721 (400 mg/kg) 15 min prior to irradiation, there was little effect on the initial number of SSBs induced both in the whole jejunum (PF of 1.07 +/- 0.11) and in the proliferating crypt cells (PF of 1.04 +/- 0.07). WR-2721 protected jejunum in the microcolony assay with a much greater PF of 1.8. For each drug the PF for SSBs was therefore always much lower than that indicated by the biological end point under identical conditions. Both drugs also retarded the rate of SSB rejoining in each population of cells. These data suggest that mechanisms such as free-radical scavenging by these drugs may contribute to but not completely explain their protective action. Comparison with data obtained previously with cultured CHO cells supports the idea that the action of these drugs at the DNA lesion level may not be dose-modifying, but may also result in a shift in the spectrum of lesions induced by the radiation.
How variable-dependent macros can help you (2011)

In clinical trials and many other research fields, repetitive statements happen very often. This paper illustrates how to deal with the same task with three different approaches. The first approach uses simple copy and paste any SAS® beginner can do. The second approach uses a simple macro program to make the task more efficient, and reduce the length of the program. To further improve the program and to make the program more adaptable to other projects, the third approach uses variable-dependent macros which minimize tedious typing, eliminate possible human errors, and ensure the accuracy of data.
Erythrocyte Endogenous Proteinase Activity during Blood Bank Storage (1990)

We studied proteolytic alterations of membrane proteins in ghosts derived from human red blood cells, preserved up to 35 days in the liquid state either as whole blood or with additive solution. The study was carried out by performing sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of stromal proteins from erythrocytes, either previously treated with proteinase inhibitors or previously incubated in conditions promoting proteolysis. To differentiate the effect of erythrocyte from granulocyte proteinases, the investigation was also carried out in leukocyte-free red cell preparations. The results show: (1) the effects of endogenous proteinases on membrane proteins derived from red cells stored under blood bank conditions; (2) a decrease of proteolytic effects in ghosts derived from red cells which have been submitted to a longer storage; (3) a relevant influence of the red cell resuspending medium before lysis on the time-dependent onset and exhaustion of proteolysis in ghosts. The presence of increased proteolysis in ghosts could be regarded as a marker of molecular lesions induced in red cells by storage under blood bank conditions.
Ways to pick a winner. (1977)

President Roosevelt, Admiral George Dewey and Secretary William H. Moody look at the war fleet from the deck of the Mayflower.
Rhodopsin C110Y mutation causes a type 2 autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (1998)

RHO C110Y-associated adRP is characterized by a late onset and a mild progression compatible with type 2 or regional RP with little intrafamilial phenotypic variability and complete penetrance. Characterization of genotype-phenotype correlations plays a role in the improvement of genetic and prognostic counselling.
Use of Multiple Competitors for Quantification of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA in Plasma (1998)

Quantification of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA in plasma has rapidly become an important tool in basic HIV research and in the clinical care of infected individuals. Here, a quantitative HIV assay based on competitive reverse transcription-PCR with multiple competitors was developed. Four RNA competitors containing identical PCR primer binding sequences as the viral HIV-1 RNA target were constructed. One of the PCR primers was fluorescently labeled, which facilitated discrimination between the viral RNA and competitor amplicons by fragment analysis with conventional automated sequencers. The coamplification of known amounts of the RNA competitors provided the means to establish internal calibration curves for the individual reactions resulting in exclusion of tube-to-tube variations. Calibration curves were created from the peak areas, which were proportional to the starting amount of each competitor. The fluorescence detection format was expanded to provide a dynamic range of more than 5 log units. This quantitative assay allowed for reproducible analysis of samples containing as few as 40 viral copies of HIV-1 RNA per reaction. The within- and between-run coefficients of variation were <24% (range, 10 to 24) and <36% (range, 27 to 36), respectively. The high reproducibility (standard deviation, <0.13 log) of the overall procedure for quantification of HIV-1 RNA in plasma, including sample preparation, amplification, and detection variations, allowed reliable detection of a 0.5-log change in RNA viral load. The assay could be a useful tool for monitoring HIV-1 disease progression and antiviral treatment and can easily be adapted to the quantification of other pathogens.
Helper‐dependent adenovirus for the gene therapy of proliferative retinopathies: stable gene transfer, regulated gene expression and therapeutic efficacy (2007)

HD-Ad vectors enable stable gene transfer and regulated expression of angiostatic factors following intravitreous injection and thus are attractive vehicles for the gene therapy of neovascular diseases of the retina.
Enhanced flux pinning in YBa2Cu3O7−δ films by nanoscaled substrate surface roughness (2005)

Nanoscaled substrate surface roughness is shown to strongly influence the critical current density (Jc) in YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) films made by pulsed-laser deposition on the crystalline LaAlO3 substrates consisting of two separate twin-free and twin-rich regions. The nanoscaled corrugated substrate surface was created in the twin-rich region during the deposition process. Using magneto-optical imaging techniques coupled with optical and atomic force microscopy, we observed an enhanced flux pinning in the YBCO films in the twin-rich region, resulting in a ∼30% increase in Jc, which was unambiguously confirmed by the direct transport measurement.
Photo-schedule Management in Bird Rearing (2001)

Light is an important ecological factor. We could use reasonable photo-schedule and alter the rules of bird reproduction, such as extending its reproductive period and breaking the reproduction seasonality. The article suggested the principles and its action on using photo-schedule in rear ing birds, whilst explaining the effects of photo-schedule management on reproduction.
Normal ranges for automatic measurements of tissue Doppler indices of mitral annular motion by echocardiography. Data from the HUNT3 Study (2019)

Normal reference values for automatic measurements of LV function indices are provided. The automatic measurements were in line with the manual measurements. Implementing automatic measurements and comparison with normal ranges in ultrasound scanners can allow for quick and precise interpretation of LV function.
Internal tandem duplication of FLT3 induces increased ROS production, DNA damage and misrepair: implications for RAC1-STAT5 function in genomic instability in myeloid malignancies (2007)

5260 Activating mutations of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) occur in about 30% of myeloid malignancies and at least for the internal tandem duplications (ITDs) of the juxtamembrane region, are an independent predictor of poor clinical outcome. Known FLT3 signaling includes activation of the RAS-MAP kinase, PI3 kinase/AKT, and STAT5 pathways with increased cellular survival. However, little is known about how FLT3/ITD in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) contributes to aggressive disease with poor prognosis. Here, we report that the aggressive nature of FLT3/ITD AML could be due to increased genomic instability that is driven by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and reduced repair fidelity. A murine myeloid progenitor cell line (32D) stably expressing FLT3/ITD (32D/ITD), show increased ROS, as measured by flow cytometry using the fluorescent probe H2DCFDA, compared with isogenic controls. Intriguingly, we find that STAT5 binds RAC1, an essential component of ROS-producing NADPH oxidase, and this novel finding suggests that STAT5 may have unique non-genomic functions involved in regulating RAC1 activation and ROS generation. FLT3 inhibitor, CEP-701, treated 32D/ITD cells show decreased RAC1-GTP activity as well as ROS levels. Also, FLT3 mutant cells treated with either the inhibitor of RAC1 or with siRNA to knocked-down STAT5 expression show markedly reduced ROS. Importantly, human leukemia cell lines expressing naturally occurring FLT3/ITD mutations (MOLM-14 & MV-4-11) also show significantly decreased ROS in a dose and time dependent manner, following treatment with CEP-701, confirming the mouse cell line data. Inhibition of NADPH oxidase by diphenyleneidonium also showed decreased ROS production in all cell lines tested. Blocking ROS production in FLT3/ITD cells with CEP-701 treatment also showed significant decreases in γH2AX foci formation suggesting reduced DSB. An in vitro DSB repair assay based on plasmid rejoining in nuclear extracts was used to assess DSB repair fidelity following inhibition of FLT3. Higher repair fidelity was observed following inhibition of FLT3-mediated endogenous ROS production in human AML cells. We show that constitutive activation of FLT3 signaling in AML mediates increased ROS production, DNA damage with decreased repair fidelity. Blocking of FLT3 and its downstream signaling decreased these activities that likely promote genomic instability. Our data serve as a model system to further study the role of FLT3-mediated increased ROS in propagating genomic instability and disease progression and could also lead to identification of downstream molecules for therapeutic targeting in an effort to stabilize the genome and halt disease progression in AML
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia during Immunosuppressive Treatment in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Retrospective Study (2020)

Prophylactic administration of TPM-SMX prevented further cases of PJP. The onset of PJP occurred at the same time as the symptoms of UC were stabilizing and the immunosuppressive drugs were being reduced. Greater age, lower lymphocyte count, and treatment with three immunosuppressive drugs were risk factors for PJP.
Disruption of the Plasmodium falciparum PfPMT Gene Results in a Complete Loss of Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis via the Serine-Decarboxylase-Phosphoethanolamine-Methyltransferase Pathway and Severe Growth and Survival Defects (2008)

Biochemical studies in the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, indicated that in addition to the pathway for synthesis of phosphatidylcholine from choline (CDP-choline pathway), the parasite synthesizes this major membrane phospholipid via an alternative pathway named the serine-decarboxylase-phosphoethanolamine-methyltransferase (SDPM) pathway using host serine and ethanolamine as precursors. However, the role the transmethylation of phosphatidylethanolamine plays in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine and the importance of the SDPM pathway in the parasite's growth and survival remain unknown. Here, we provide genetic evidence that knock-out of the PfPMT gene encoding the phosphoethanolamine methyltransferase enzyme completely abrogates the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine via the SDPM pathway. Lipid analysis in knock-out parasites revealed that unlike in mammalian and yeast cells, methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylcholine does not occur in P. falciparum, thus making the SDPM and CDP-choline pathways the only routes for phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis in this organism. Interestingly, loss of PfPMT resulted in significant defects in parasite growth, multiplication, and viability, suggesting that this gene plays an important role in the pathogenesis of intraerythrocytic Plasmodium parasites.
Schlußbemerkung (1977)

Windmessungen an Originalbauten haben den Nachteil, daß die einzelnen Einflußparameter nicht willkürlich und systematisch variiert werden können. So repräsentieren die dort gewonnenen Ergebnisse stets nur die am Meßort vorliegende Situation, und Vergleiche mit anderen Ergebnissen sind oft schwierig. Es sollten daher bei weitergehenden Forschungen die Randbedingungen möglichst konstant gehalten werden, wobei sich nur eine Einflußgröße fühlbar verändern sollte (z.B. die Streckung, der Kegelwinkel oder die Oberflächenrauhigkeit).
Test of the paired-flash electroretinographic method in mice lacking b-waves (2007)

Previous studies of rod photoreceptors in vivo have employed a paired-flash electroretinographic (ERG) technique to determine rod response properties. To test whether absence versus presence of the ERG b-wave affects the photoreceptor response derived by the paired-flash method, we examined paired-flash-derived responses obtained from nob mice, a mutant strain with a defect in signal transduction between photoreceptors and ON bipolar cells that causes a lack of the b-wave. Normal littermates of the nob mice served as controls. The normalized amplitude-intensity relation of the derived response determined in nob mice at the near-peak time of 86 ms was similar to that determined for the controls. The full time course of the derived rod response was obtained for test flash strengths ranging from 0.11 to 17.38 scotopic cd s m(-2) (sc cd s m(-2)). Time-course data obtained from nob and control mice exhibited significant but generally modest differences. With saturating test flash strengths, half-recovery times for the derived response of nob versus control mice differed by approximately 60 ms or less about the combined (nob and control) average respective values. Time course data also were obtained before versus after intravitreal injection of L-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (APB) (which blocks transmission from photoreceptors to depolarizing bipolar cells) and of cis 2,3-piperidine dicarboxylic acid (PDA) (which blocks transmission to OFF bipolar cells, and to horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells). Neither APB nor PDA substantially affected derived responses obtained from nob or control mice. The results provide quantitative information on the effect of b-wave removal on the paired-flash-derived response in mouse. They argue against a substantial skewing effect of the b-wave on the paired-flash-derived response obtained in normal mice and are consistent with the notion that, to good approximation, this derived response represents the isolated flash response of the photoreceptors in both nob and normal mice.
[A comparison study of pulsitile ocular blood flow in normal eyes and primary open angle glaucoma]. (2004)

Abnormal of vas-autoregulation and blood supply play a role in the pathogenesis of POA. Due to the lower sensitivity and specificity, it is not suitable to use POBF as a diagnostic test to distinguish the POAG and normal. But the POBF reflects the change of blood flow in a pulsing cycle and provide more information than the measurement of IOP only.
PAPER 42: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT GRAFTING MATERIALS IN VITRO (2010)

Introduction: Different grafting materials for the filling of large bony defects are used in clinic. Aim of the present study was the comparative analyses of different bony grafting materials concerning their growth factor composition and osteoinductivity in vitro.

Materials & Methods: Different allograft preparations from the tissue bank of the Charite and two commercial demineralized bone matrices (DBM; DBX putty and Allomatrix) were analyzed. Using ELISA-kits following growth factors were quantified: VEGF, IGF-I, FGFa/b, TGF-β1, BMP-2/4, PDGF. Osteoinductivity was investigated by the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity in C2C12-cells.

Results: BMP-2 had the highest quantity within the different materials without differences between the materials. Differences in the quantity of the other growth factors were found between the investigated materials but also a high variability between the different batches was observable. The investigated materials showed individual differences which are donor related concerning their osteoinductive potential. A significant enhancement of osteogenic differentiation (AP) was seen for the two commercial DBM-products. For PES processed spongiosa from the tissue bank, 2 of the 5 materials had a negative effect on the AP-activity in the first incubation period but no effect in the second incubation period.

Discussion: The results of the present study revealed, that the different investigated grafting materials contain growth factors important for bone regeneration and an osteoinductive potential of the DBMs. A high batch/donor related variability, however, was detectable in both analysis. Important for the use in vivo is beside the osteoinductivity also the osteoconductivity and further comparative studies are necessary.
Causes, Presursors and Mechanisms of Disruptions in ASDEX Upgrad (1998)

The technical cause of the disruption is often identified after the shot and the presumed cause is recorded in the Journal by the session leaders. The information contained in the Journal was supplemented by our analysis and the causes of disruptions have been subdivided in the categories listed in Table 1. The results of this analysis are positive: 1) we found an initiating event for all the disruptions analyzed; in addition 2) we found that most of the disruptions could be attributed to some technical external cause and could be classified as avoidable.
Performance of SR drive for hydraulic pump (2005)

This paper proposed a hydraulic pump system which uses a variable speed SR drive and constant capacity pump. The base and maximum speed, torque are determined from the mechanical specifications of hydraulic pump. The drive system is set to have minimum power consumption during the keeping of preset oil-pressure. In order to save the power consumption of hydraulic pump, power and oil-pressure signals are feedback to DSP controller, and SR drive controls the operating speed of SRM. A 2.2 kW, 12/8 pole SR motor and DSP based digital controller are designed and tested with experimental set-up. The test results show that the system has some good features such as high efficiency and fast response characteristics.
The Dead-End Elimination Theorem: Mathematical Aspects, Implementation, Optimizations, Evaluation and Performance (2003)

The placement of amino acid side chains in a given fixed main-chain template forms a recurrent but nontrivial task in protein modeling. Even for a small set of side chains in a given protein, the degrees of freedom for the side chains lead to an enormous number of combinatorial possibilities, inevitably prohibiting a brute force approach to pinpoint the global minimum energy conformation (GMEC). The recognition of the existence of statistically relevant discrete combinations of the dihedral angles (called rotamers) of a side chain forms the basis of all current side-chain placement techniques (1). Several research groups have published methods to predict the side chain positions in a fixed protein main-chain trace (review in refs. 2 and 3)
Investigation of Mixtures of Cholesteryl Esters of Boron Analogues of Amino Acids with p-Azoxyanisole (1985)

Abstract The phase diagram and helical pitch of two cholesteryl esters of the boron analogues of amino acids in mixtures with p-azoxyanisole (PAA) were investigated. These amino acid analogues, in pure form, do not exhibit mesomorphic phases. However, their mixtures with PAA show a monotropic cholesteric phase. The behavior of the cholesteric-isotropic transition indicates that these esters are potentially mesomorphic. Although the binary phase diagrams of the two compounds are similar, the cholesteric pitches are significantly different due to differences in polarity or hydrogen bonding of the amino group of one of the esters.
Antibodies to MOG and AQP4 in adults with neuromyelitis optica and suspected limited forms of the disease (2014)

MOG-ab identify a subgroup of adult patients with NMO, LETM and ON that have better outcome than those associated with AQP4-ab. MOG-ab are more frequently detected in serum than CSF and the follow-up of titres does not correlate with outcome.