gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A low noise, low residual offset, chopped amplifier for mixed level applications (2002)

This paper describes the principle and the design of a CMOS low noise, low residual offset, chopped amplifier with a class AB output stage for noise and offset reduction in mixed analog digital applications. The operation is based on chopping and dynamic element matching to reduce noise and offset, without excessive increase of the charge injection residual offset. The main goal is to achieve low residual offsets by chopping at high frequencies reducing at the same time the 1/f noise of the amplifier. Measurements on a 0.8 /spl mu/m CMOS realization show reduction of 1/f noise and 18nV//spl radic/Hz residual thermal noise at low frequencies. The residual offset is lower than 100 /spl mu/V up to 8 MHz chopping frequency. Driving a 32 /spl Omega/ load the linearity is better than -80 dB and better than -88 dB for a 1 k/spl Omega/ load at 1 kHz.
Role of Calpain-10 Gene Variants in Familial Type 2 Diabetes in Caucasians (2002)

The calpain-10 gene (CAPN10) has been implicated in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) susceptibility by both linkage and association in a Hispanic population from Starr County Texas. Common intronic variants seem to alter CAPN10 mRNA levels and were associated with insulin resistance but not diabetes in Pima Indians. The role of these variants in Caucasian populations is less clear. We found some evidence for linkage of T2DM to chromosome 2q approximately 20 cM proximal to the NIDDM1/CAPN10 locus. To test the hypothesis that CAPN10 is a diabetes susceptibility locus in Caucasian families at high risk for T2DM, we examined the influence of the three previously implicated CAPN10 variants on both diabetes risk and measures of insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. We genotyped approximately 700 members of 63 families for 3 variants (SNP-43, SNP-19, and SNP-63). We tested each variant separately and as haplotype combinations for altered transmission from parents to affected children (transmission disequilibrium test), and we tested for an effect of each variant individually on measures of glucose and insulin during a glucose tolerance test in nondiabetic family members. Finally, we looked for an effect of each variant on measures of insulin sensitivity (S(I)) and insulin secretion estimated by frequently sampled iv glucose tolerance test and Minimal Model analysis. We could not confirm an increase in risk for T2DM susceptibility for any variant or for any haplotype combination, although we found marginal evidence for an increased risk of the 111/221 haplotype combination (P = 0.036) after ascertainment correction. However, both SNP-19 and SNP-63 increased fasting and/or postchallenge insulin levels, consistent with reduced insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, SNP-19 had modest effects on insulin sensitivity measured by homeostatic model, and on postchallenge glucose. The reduction in insulin sensitivity was confirmed by analysis of the subset of individuals who underwent iv glucose tolerance tests, where SNP-19 significantly altered the insulin sensitivity index. CAPN10 cannot be considered a major diabetes susceptibility gene in our population and seems unlikely to explain the observed linkage findings. However, CAPN10 influences insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in nondiabetic members of kindreds at high risk for T2DM.
New insights and results on transform domain VQ of images (1993)

An attempt is made to determine whether there is a fundamental difference between the idea of vector transform coding and the well known transform/VQ (vector quantization) schemes. To answer this question, a unified framework for studying transform domain VQ is developed. Based on such a framework, some new insights are obtained and a new image coding technique is proposed. This study indicates that there is indeed a fundamental difference between vector transform coding and the existing transform/VQ schemes. The results of this study may also have a broader implication for developing other VQ-based two-step image coding techniques.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Development of intake swirl generators for turbo jet engine testing (1987)

The main objective of this investigation is to assess the influence of different types and magnitudes of swirl on the performance and compatibility of turbojet engines. The generation of intake swirl, typical for many supersonic combat aircraft, is described. Essentially two basic types, i.e. twin swirl and bulk swirl of varying strength and also combinations thereof, have been selected in order to simulate these swirl patterns by subscale swirl generators in a model wind tunnel. The swirl patterns measured behind these generators show good agreement with the target patterns selected at the beginning. The small scale swirl generators are being rebuilt at full scale for subsequent testing in front of a Larzac engine under static conditions with a bellmouth inlet at the engine test facility of the Jet Propulsion Instituet at the Universitaet der Dundeswehr Muenchen.
Tofacitinib Treatment Safety in Moderate to Severe Ulcerative Colitis: Comparison of Observational Population Cohort Data From the IBM MarketScan® Administrative Claims Database With Tofacitinib Trial Data (2020)

Abstract Background Tofacitinib is an oral, small molecule Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). We aimed to estimate the overall incidence of safety events in patients with UC in a real-life population cohort for comparison with the tofacitinib UC clinical trial program. Methods Clinical trial-like criteria were applied to an IBM MarketScan® claims database population-based cohort (n = 22,967) of patients with UC (October 2010 to September 2015) to identify a UC trial-like cohort treated with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi; n = 6366) to compare with the tofacitinib UC clinical trial cohort (n = 1157). Results Incidence rates (events per 100 patient-years; [95% confidence interval]) in the UC trial-like cohort were as follows: serious infections, 3.33 (2.73–4.02); opportunistic infections (OIs; excluding herpes zoster [HZ]), 1.45 (1.06–1.93); HZ, 1.77 (1.34–2.29); malignancies (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer [NMSC]), 0.63 (0.43–0.90); NMSC, 1.69 (1.35–2.10); major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), 0.51 (0.31–0.79); pulmonary embolism (PE), 0.54 (0.30–0.89); deep vein thrombosis (DVT), 1.41 (1.00–1.93); and gastrointestinal perforations, 0.31 (0.16–0.54). Compared with the UC trial-like cohort, tofacitinib-treated patients had numerically lower incidence rates for serious infections (1.75 [1.27–2.36]), OIs (excluding HZ; 0.16 [0.04–0.42]), NMSC (0.78 [0.47–1.22]), PE (0.16 [0.04–0.41]), and DVT (0.04 [0.00–0.23]), and a higher rate for HZ (3.57 [2.84–4.43]); rates for malignancies (excluding NMSC), MACE, and gastrointestinal perforations were similar. Conclusions When acknowledging limitations of comparing claims data with controlled clinical trial data, incidence rates for HZ among TNFi-treated patients in the UC trial-like cohort were lower than in the tofacitinib UC clinical trial cohort; rates for serious infections, OIs, NMSC, PE, and DVT were numerically higher. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00787202, NCT01465763, NCT01458951, NCT01458574, NCT01470612.
Analog CMOS implementation of high frequency least-mean square error learning circuit (1995)

A continuous-time analog CMOS circuit with external feedback amplifiers implementing the least-mean square error adaptive learning algorithm has demonstrated a frequency of operation of 80 MHz, an adaptivity of 60 dB, a minimum notch width of 20 kHz, a minimum adapt time constant of 20 /spl mu/s, and the simultaneous cancellation of two continuous-wave (CW) interferers. Auto-zeroing is used to cancel multiplier and integrator offsets. A fully monolithic adaptive filter circuit was also realized.
The Effect of Feedback on Surgeon Performance: A Narrative Review (2020)

Surgeons play a critical role in the healthcare community and provide a service that can tremendously impact patients' livelihood. However, there are relatively few means for monitoring surgeons' performance quality and seeking improvement. Surgeon-level data provide an important metric for quality improvement and future training. A narrative review was conducted to analyze the utility of providing surgeons direct feedback on their individual performance. The articles selected identified means of collecting surgeon-specific data, suggested ways to report this information, identified pertinent gaps in the field, and concluded the results of giving feedback to surgeons. There is a relative sparsity of data pertaining to the effect of providing surgeons with information regarding their individual performance. However, the literature available does suggest that providing surgeons with individualized feedback can help make meaningful improvements in the quality of practice and can be done in a way that is safe for the surgeons' reputation.
Mouse monoclonal antibodies detecting disialogangliosides on mouse and human t lymphomas (1988)

Six monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) (4 IgG3 and 2 IgM) were produced by hybridomas obtained from A/J mice immunized with EL4(C57BL/6 derived-T lymphoma). They were found to react with antigens expressed on both mouse and human T-lymphomas but not on B lymphomas or normal cells. All of these antibodies reacted with the disialoganglioside GD2, GalNAc beta I----4(NeuAc alpha 2----8NeuAc alpha 2----3)Gal beta I----4Glc-Cer, by 3 different assay systems including the immune adherence inhibition test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and enzyme immunostaining on thin-layer chromatography. The binding specificities of these MAbs to disialogangliosides differed. Four MAbs (AI-201, AI-287, AI-410, and AI-425) showed restricted specificities, detecting only GD2, whereas the other 2 (AI-245 and AI-267) had a broader specificity, recognizing GD2, GD3, and GDlb. No evidence was obtained for the presence of the antigenic epitope in glycoproteins of mouse and human tumor cells. The ganglioside content of EL4 was low in comparison with that of M14 (a human melanoma cell line).
Enantioselective catalysis for agrochemicals: synthetic routes to (S)-metolachlor, (R)-metalaxyl and (αS,3R)-clozylacon (1998)

The application of enantioselective catalytic methods for the technical preparation of chiral agrochemicals is illustrated for three active ingredients of the acylanilide type. The key step for the technical synthesis of the herbicide (S)-metolachlor is the enantioselective hydrogenation of an imine intermediate using a novel iridium ferrocenyldiphosphine catalyst with an unprecedented high activity and 80% ee. (R)-metalaxyl and (αS,3R)-clozylacon were synthesized via the enantioselective hydrogenation of corre-sponding enamide precursors with Rh and Ru/binap catalysts with >95% and 99% enantiomeric purity, respectively. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry
Fabrication and simulation of diffractive optical elements with superimposed antireflection subwavelength gratings (2000)

With the aim of reducing surface reflections and increasing the diffraction efficiency we investigated the superposition of subwavelength phase gratings onto blazed phase gratings. With direct-write electron-beam lithography bare blazed gratings and blazed gratings carrying subwavelength gratings were fabricated and their optical performances compared. For TE polarization the subwavelength-carrying gratings showed a maximum diffraction efficiency of 90.6%, whereas the corresponding maximum value for the bare grating was 86.3%. The experiment was simulated with rigorous diffraction theory.
Clinical experience with high frequency jet ventilation (1981)

High frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) has been used in recent years in some forms of respiratory failure, where the presence of barotrauma limited the application of high peak inspiratory pressure. In the present report, the authors describe the clinical experience with 17 patients, who could not be supported with conventional mechanical support and were placed on HFJV. Rates of 100 breath/min, inspiratory/expiratory ratio of 1:2 and cannula size of 1.06--1.62 mm (18--14) gauge were used. Driving pressure required to maintain a PaCO2 of 40--45 torr was 14--45 psig; however, except in 2 patients who developed hemorrhagic tracheitis with subtotal obstruction of both mainstem bronchi, a driving pressure higher than 27 psig was never required, even when PEEP up to 32 cm H2O was used. Of 17 patients treated, 8 survived. In all cases, alveolar ventilation could be maintained within the desired range with high frequency ventilation, even in those patients who eventually died; mechanical support never provided better oxygenation or alveolar ventilation than high frequency ventilation. Hemodynamic function was essentially unchanged with high frequency ventilation; indeed, in three cases, inotropic support with dopamine could be discontinued after initiation of high frequency ventilation.
Salivary cortisol in healthy dogs: a randomized cross-over study to evaluate different saliva stimulation methods and their effects on saliva volume and cortisol concentration (2021)

The 30s-ginger method could prove useful in evaluating or monitoring dogs with Cushing's syndrome, as sampling at home for 30 s by the owner seems feasible.
DRAINAGE OF SUBRETINAL FLUID WITH A RADIOSURGICAL INSTRUMENT: A Preliminary Report (1998)

From the Institute of Ophthalmology and Legal Medicine, University “G. D'Annunzio,” Chieti, Italy. Presented in part at the fifth International Congress of the Bietti Foundation, Rome, Italy, September 24-27, 1997. Authors have no proprietary interest. Reprint requests: Paolo Carpineto, via Colazilli 10, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Characterisation of Aluminium Nitride Ceramic Substrates (1989)

Aluminium nitride (AlN) is currently under investigation as a substrate material for use in microcircuit applications in particular where high thermal conductivity is required. Three commercially available substrate materials have been characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The differences in thermal conductivity between the materials and also the difference from the theoretical thermal conductivity have been correlated to the presence of low thermal conductivity second phase regions between grains, defects within the crystal structure, the presence of oxygen impurities and poor sintering behaviour. The highest thermal conductivity substrate obtainable during this study was 140 W7m K. The substrates were identified as comprising hexagonal AIM having a wurtzite type structure. In addition, oxide and oxynitride phases were detected. The surface morphology of the substrates was also investigated, as it is the nature of the surface that will be of importance in determining the adhesion of applied films.
Tissue-Specific Pathways for Estrogen Regulation of Ovarian Cancer Growth and Metastasis (2010)

Menopausal estrogen (E2) replacement therapy increases the risk of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC). Whether E2 is tumorigenic or promotes expansion of undiagnosed preexisting disease is unknown. To determine E2 effects on tumor promotion, we developed an intraperitoneal mouse xenograft model using ZsGreen fluorescent ER(-) 2008 and ER(+) PEO4 human EOC cells. Tumor growth was quantified by in vivo fluorescent imaging. In ER(+) tumors, E2 significantly increased size, induced progesterone receptors, and promoted lymph node metastasis, confirming that ERs are functional and foster aggressiveness. Laser-captured human EOC cells from ER(-) and ER(+) xenografted tumors were profiled for expression of E2-regulated genes. Three classes of E2-regulated EOC genes were defined, but <10% were shared with E2-regulated breast cancer genes. Because breast cancer selective ER modulators (SERM) are therapeutically ineffective in EOC, we suggest that our EOC-specific E2-regulated genes can assist pharmacologic discovery of ovarian-targeted SERM.
Repression of CDC28 reduces the expression of the morphology‐related transcription factors, Efg1p, Nrg1p, Rbf1p, Rim101p, Fkh2p and Tec1p and induces cell elongation in Candida albicans (2006)

The ability of the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans to transit its cell shape is important for its pathogenicity. To obtain additional evidence that the cell cycle of C. albicans is associated with its morphology, we generated and characterized a conditional mutant of C. albicans CDC28, a cyclin-dependent kinase. In the constructed strain, the expression of CDC28 was regulated by the MET3 promoter and could be repressed in the presence of methionine and cysteine. Cdc28p-depleted cells demonstrated highly polarized growth and wider filaments than serum-induced hyphae. Hyphae-specific genes, HWP1, RBT4 and ECE1, were activated in the elongated filaments caused by the Cdc28p depletion. Furthermore, the protein expression levels of the transcription factors involved in morphological transition, Efg1p, Nrg1p, Rbf1p, Rim101p, Fkh2p and Tec1p, decreased under conditions that repress CDC28 expression. Taken together, these data indicate that repression of CDC28 affected the protein levels of the morphology-related transcription factors, the regulation of hyphae-specific genes and cell shape in C. albicans.
Molecular Determinants for DNA Minor Groove Recognition:  Design of a Bis-Guanidinium Derivative of Ethidium That Is Highly Selective for AT-Rich DNA Sequences (2005)

The phenanthridinium dye ethidium bromide is a prototypical DNA intercalating agent. For decades, this anti-trypanosomal agent has been known to intercalate into nucleic acids, with little preference for particular sequences. Only polydA-polydT tracts are relatively refractory to ethidium intercalation. In an effort to tune the sequence selectivity of known DNA binding agents, we report here the synthesis and detailed characterization of the mode of binding to DNA of a novel ethidium derivative possessing two guanidinium groups at positions 3 and 8. This compound, DB950, binds to DNA much more tightly than ethidium and exhibits distinct DNA-dependent absorption and fluorescence properties. The study of the mode of binding to DNA by means of circular and electric linear dichroism revealed that, unlike ethidium, DB950 forms minor groove complexes with AT sequences. Accurate quantification of binding affinities by surface plasmon resonance using A(n)T(n) hairpin oligomer indicated that the interaction of DB950 is over 10-50 times stronger than that of ethidium and comparable to that of the known minor groove binder furamidine. DB950 interacts weakly with GC sites by intercalation. DNase I footprinting experiments performed with different DNA fragments established that DB950 presents a pronounced selectivity for AT-rich sites, identical with that of furamidine. The replacement of the amino groups of ethidium with guanidinium groups has resulted in a marked gain of both affinity and sequence selectivity. DB950 provides protection against DNase I cleavage at AT-containing sites which frequently correspond to regions of enhanced cleavage in the presence of ethidium. Although DB950 maintains a planar phenanthridinium chromophore, the compound no longer intercalates at AT sites. The guanidinium groups of DB950, just like the amidinium group of furamidine (DB75), are the critical determinants for recognition of AT binding sites in DNA. The chemical modulation of the ethidium exocyclic amines is a profitable option to tune the nucleic acid recognition properties of phenylphenanthridinium dyes.
Mapping Systems Security Research at Chalmers (2011)

The department of Computer Science and Engineering at Chalmers University has a long tradition of research in systems security, including security metrics, attack detection, and mitigation. We focus on security issues arising in four specific environments: (1) backbone links, (2) sensor networks, (3) the connected car, and (4) the smart grid. In this short summary we describe recent results as well as open research questions we are exploring.
Accuracy assessment of fusion transcript detection via read-mapping and de novo fusion transcript assembly-based methods (2019)

The lower accuracy of de novo assembly-based methods notwithstanding, they are useful for reconstructing fusion isoforms and tumor viruses, both of which are important in cancer research.
Efficiency Losses Calculation and Identify Causes of Losses of Circular Knitting Machine during Knit Fabric Production (2014)

This thesis deals with a major problem of production loss of a knitting industry. The knitting machine has to stop when defects occurred and then faults are corrected, which results in time loss and efficiency loss. Not only that the knitted fabric may be rejected if quality requirements are not met. An effective monitoring is required to avoid defects and to avoid productivity and quality losses. The study identifies two main categories of defects (average time required for correcting defects and machine down time) are responsible for reducing productivity. The thesis reflects that due to yarn breakage machine stopped for seen minutes per days, for maintaining machine stopped for two hours per month, for needle breakage six minutes per day and for technical problem machine stopped for several times.
Benzydamine inhibits monocyte migration and MAPK activation induced by chemotactic agonists (2003)

1. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of benzydamine, an anti-inflammatory drug devoid of activity on arachidonic acid metabolism, on monocyte chemotaxis and to define the possible biochemical correlates of activity. 2. Benzydamine inhibited monocyte chemotaxis in response to three classes of chemoattractants: the prototypic CC-chemokine CCL2 (MCP-1), the microbial product fMLP and the complement cascade component C5a. The effect was dose-dependent with IC50's of 100, 50 and 45 microm for MCP-1/CCL2, fMLP and C5a, respectively. At the dose of 100 microm, the effect resulted in a 50+/-10% inhibition of MCP-1/CCL2-induced chemotaxis and 53+/-6 and 54+/-5% inhibitions of chemotaxis in response of fMLP and C5a, respectively (n=3). 3. Receptor expression as well as calcium fluxes in response to chemoattractants were not affected by benzydamine. 4. Benzydamine strongly inhibited chemoattractant-induced activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) ERK1/2, and of its upstream activator kinase MEK1/2. ERK1/12 activation in response to chemoattractants was 89-98% inhibited by a 100 microm concentration of benzydamine with an IC50 of 30 microm. 5. Under the same experimental conditions, pretreatment with 100 microm benzydamine caused a 75-89% inhibition of p38 activation (IC50 25 microm). 6. These results indicate that the anti-inflammatory activity of benzydamine is exerted at multiple levels, including monocyte migration to chemotactic factors associated to a blockage of ERK and p38 MAPK pathways.
System for automatically tracking white blood cells (1977)

An instrument is described that enables a high-power, phase contrast microscope to automatically follow the movements of individual white blood cells in vitro. The system also generates a recording of the cells’ movement over a period of up to several hours.