gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of 4D VSP for Monitoring Of Small-Scale Supercritical CO2 Injection: Stage 2C of CO2CRC Otway Project Case Study (2017)

Summary Time-lapse VSP seismic can be used in addition to land seismic to increase the repeatability in reservoir characterization. As a part of the monitoring program within the Stage 2C of the Otway Project, CO2CRC conducted the acquisition of offset Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) data before injection (baseline) and three monitoring surveys after injection of every 5kT of CO2. The objective of this study is to evaluate the repeatability of 4D VSP onshore seismic and compare the results with surface seismic data. To this end, we develop an optimal workflow for VSP data processing of the CRC-1 well 2015 baseline and the 2016 monitor surveys to produce 3D migrated images of the subsurface.
Analyzing convolutional neural networks for speech activity detection in mismatched acoustic conditions (2014)

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) are extensions to deep neural networks (DNN) which are used as alternate acoustic models with state-of-the-art performances for speech recognition. In this paper, CNNs are used as acoustic models for speech activity detection (SAD) on data collected over noisy radio communication channels. When these SAD models are tested on audio recorded from radio channels not seen during training, there is severe performance degradation. We attribute this degradation to mismatches between the two dimensional filters learnt in the initial CNN layers and the novel channel data. Using a small amount of supervised data from the novel channels, the filters can be adapted to provide significant improvements in SAD performance. In mismatched acoustic conditions, the adapted models provide significant improvements (about 10-25%) relative to conventional DNN-based SAD systems. These results illustrate that CNNs have a considerable advantage in fast adaptation for acoustic modeling in these settings.
Molecular Design to Improve the Performance of Donor–π Acceptor Near‐IR Organic Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells (2011)

Near-dye experience: Long, flexible carbon chains in the lateral anchoring groups of the donor part of a donor–π acceptor organic dye increase the power conversion efficiency dramatically. This performance enhancement can be ascribed to the prevention of the formation of molecular aggregates on the semiconductor nanoparticles, resulting in a lower recombination rate between transported electrons and I3− ions. A cell based on the new dye, HY113, gives a maximum IPCE value of 93 % at 660 nm. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Aromatic substitution. 43. Perfluorinated resinsulfonic acid catalyzed nitration of aromatics (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAromatic substitution. 43. Perfluorinated resinsulfonic acid catalyzed nitration of aromaticsGeorge A. Olah, Ripudaman Malhotra, and Subhash C. NarangCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 24, 4628–4630Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00418a019https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00418a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views599Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Uncertainty Reduction in Gas Turbine Performance Diagnostics by Accounting for Humidity Effects (2001)

The paper presents an analysis of the effect of ambient humidity on the performance of industrial gas turbines and examines the impact of humidity on methods used for engine condition assessment and fault diagnostics. First, the way of incorporating the effect of humidity into a computer model of gas turbine performance is described. The model is then used to derive parameters indicative of the “health” of a gas turbine and thus diagnose the presence of deterioration or faults. The impact of humidity magnitude on the values of these health parameters is studied and the uncertainty introduced, if humidity is not taken into account, is assessed. It is shown that the magnitude of the effect of humidity depends on ambient conditions and is more severe for higher ambient temperatures. Data from an industrial gas turbine are presented to demonstrate these effects and to show that if humidity is appropriately taken into account, the uncertainty in the estimation of health parameters is reduced
In Vitro Translation of the Angiotensin AT1 Receptor in Wheat-Germ Extracts (2003)

In vitro translation is a powerful method for specifically investigating mRNA translation independently of transcription, post-translational processing, and protein trafficking. There are several well-characterized in vitro translation systems including mammalian cell extracts (e.g., HeLa cells and Chinese Hamster Ovary cells) (1,2), rabbit reticulocyte lysates (3,4), Xenopus egg extracts (5), rye embryo (6), and wheat germ (7,8) that efficiently and faithfully translate heterologous mRNAs. Our laboratory is interested in investigating translational control of the angiotensin AT(1) receptor. Thus, we need a cell-free system that efficiently translates the angiotensin AT(1) receptor.
Radiogenic transformation of human mammary epithelial cells in vitro (1995)

Cancer induction by space radiations is a major concern for manned space exploration. Accurate assessment of radiation risk at low doses requires basic understanding of mechanism(s) of radiation carcinogenesis. For determining the oncogenic effects of ionizing radiation in human epithelial cells, we transformed a mammary epithelial cell line (185B5), which was immortalized by benzo(a)pyrene, with energetic heavy ions and obtained several transformed clones. These transformed cells showed growth properties on Matrigel similar to human mammary tumor cells. To better understand the mechanisms of radiogenic transformation of human cells, we systematically examined the alterations in chromosomes and cancer genes. Among 16 autosomes examined for translocations, by using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique, chromosomes 3, 12, 13, 15, 16, and 18 appeared to be normal in transformed cells. Chromosomes 1, 4, 6, 8, and 17 in transformed cells, however, showed patterns different from those in nontransformed cells. Southern blot analyses indicated no detectable alterations in myc, ras, Rb, or p53 genes. Further studies of chromosome 17 by using in situ hybridization with unique sequence p53 gene probe and a centromere probe showed no loss of p53 gene in transformed cells. Experimental results from cell fusion studies indicated that the transforming gene(s) is recessive. The role of genomic instability and tumor suppressor gene(s) in radiogenic transformation of human breast cells remains to be identified.
Hsp90 Inhibitors as New Leads To Target Parasitic Diarrheal Diseases (2014)

Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia are anaerobic protozoan parasites that cause amebiasis and giardiasis, two of the most common diarrheal diseases worldwide. Current therapy relies on metronidazole, but resistance has been reported and the drug has significant adverse effects. Therefore, it is critical to search for effective, better-tolerated antiamebic and antigiardial drugs. We synthesized several examples of a recently reported class of Hsp90 inhibitors and evaluated these compounds as potential leads for antiparasitic chemotherapy. Several of these inhibitors showed strong in vitro activity against both E. histolytica and G. lamblia trophozoites. The inhibitors were rescreened to discriminate between amebicidal and giardicidal activity and general cytotoxicity toward a mammalian cell line. No mammalian cytotoxicity was found at >100 μM for 48 h for any of the inhibitors. To understand the mechanism of action, a competitive binding assay was performed using the fluorescent ATP analogue bis-ANS (4,4'-dianilino-1,1'-binaphthyl-5,5'-disulfonic acid dipotassium salt) and recombinant E. histolytica Hsp90 preincubated in both the presence and absence of Hsp90 inhibitors. There was significant reduction in fluorescence compared to the level in the control, suggesting that E. histolytica Hsp90 is a selective target. The in vivo efficacy and safety of one Hsp90 inhibitor in a mouse model of amebic colitis and giardiasis was demonstrated by significant inhibition of parasite growth at a single oral dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight/day for 7 days and 10 mg/kg/day for 3 days. Considering the results for in vitro activity and in vivo efficacy, Hsp90 inhibitors represent a promising therapeutic option for amebiasis and giardiasis.
Bayesian Joint Modelling for Object Localisation in Weakly Labelled Images (2017)

We address the problem of localisation of objects as bounding boxes in images and videos with weak labels. This weakly supervised object localisation problem has been tackled in the past using discriminative models where each object class is localised independently from other classes. In this paper, a novel framework based on Bayesian joint topic modelling is proposed, which differs significantly from the existing ones in that: (1) All foreground object classes are modelled jointly in a single generative model that encodes multiple object co-existence so that "explaining away" inference can resolve ambiguity and lead to better learning and localisation. (2) Image backgrounds are shared across classes to better learn varying surroundings and "push out" objects of interest. (3) Our model can be learned with a mixture of weakly labelled and unlabelled data, allowing the large volume of unlabelled images on the Internet to be exploited for learning. Moreover, the Bayesian formulation enables the exploitation of various types of prior knowledge to compensate for the limited supervision offered by weakly labelled data, as well as Bayesian domain adaptation for transfer learning. Extensive experiments on the PASCAL VOC, ImageNet and YouTube-Object videos datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our Bayesian joint model for weakly supervised object localisation.
Net-eigen MAC: A new MIMO MAC solution for interference-oriented concurrent link communications (2011)

Interference-oriented concurrent link communications are designed as using each link's TX/RX beamforming vectors to null co-channel interference on existing links. Representative solutions in this area mainly include SPACEMAC and NullHoc protocols, which inherently rely on zero-forcing beamforming vectors and are not efficient in the sense that they only null the interference on existing links, but have little consideration for SNR maximization within the desired link. Motivated by this critical observation, in this paper we will present a new concurrent link solution, named as Net-Eigen MAC, which not only nulls the interference on existing links, but also maximizes the post-processing SNR within the desired link. Particularly, we implement above design objective via three sequential steps: (i) initial TX vector derivation that nulls interference on existing links; (ii) RX side whitening filter that transforms spatial colored interference into white Guassian noise; and (iii) TX/RX vector updating and eigen-value derivation for post-processing SNR maximization within the desired link. To demonstrate our proposed design, we first present a theoretical framework describing the mathematical principle of Net-Eigen MAC. Then we further propose a distributed handshaking process that implements the Net-Eigen MAC in a realistic way. Simulation results verify that our Net-Eigen MAC can guarantee each link's throughput to be no less than single link MAC's counterpart. And its ergodic link throughput is 28% higher than that of single link MAC or SPACEMAC.
Intravenous nitroglycerin therapy to limit myocardial infarct size, expansion, and complications. Effect of timing, dosage, and infarct location. (1988)

To determine 1) whether the effect of intravenous nitroglycerin (NG) therapy during acute myocardial infarction on creatine kinase infarct size is influenced by infarct location (anterior vs. inferior), timing (therapy less than 4 hours vs. greater than or equal to 4 hours after onset of pain), and dose response (mean blood pressure greater than or equal to 80 mm Hg vs. less than 80 mm Hg during the first 12 hours) and 2) whether NG therapy modifies infarct expansion, 310 patients were randomly allocated to NG (n = 154) and control (n = 156) groups. NG infusion was titrated to lower mean blood pressure by 10% in normotensive and 30% in hypertensive patients, but not below 80 mm Hg, and was maintained for 39 hours. Measurements included clinical variables, creatine kinase infarct size (geq) as well as left ventricular (LV) asynergy, LV ejection fraction, expansion index, and thinning ratio on serial two-dimensional echocardiography. Compared with controls, creatine kinase infarct size was less in the NG group (41 vs. 55 geq, p less than 0.001), in anterior (44 vs. 58 geq, p less than 0.05), and inferior (39 vs. 53 geq, p less than 0.025) NG subgroups, and in early than late NG subgroups (43% vs. 22% decrease). Other indexes of infarct size also improved (p less than or equal to 0.05) with NG compared with controls. Thus, by 10 days, LV asynergy was 40% less, LV ejection fraction was 22% more, and Killip class score was 41% less. A negative effect of mean blood pressure less than 80 mm Hg with NG was reflected in these indexes. In addition, expansion index increased (p less than 0.001) by 31% and thinning ratio decreased (p less than 0.001) by 17% in controls by 10 days but remained unchanged with NG. Infarct-related major complications were less frequent in the NG than the control groups: infarct expansion syndrome (2% vs. 15%, p less than 0.0005), LV thrombus (5% vs. 22%, p less than 0.0005), cardiogenic shock (5% vs. 15%, p less than 0.005), and infarct extension (11% vs. 22%, p less than 0.025). Mortality was less in NG than in control groups in-hospital (14% vs. 26%, p less than 0.01), at 3 months (16% vs. 28%, p less than 0.025) and 12 months (21% vs. 31%, p less than 0.05), but this advantage was only found in the anterior subgroups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
One-bit processing for wireless networked real-time control (2009)

This paper presents a novel approach for wireless networked real-time control. Using delta-sigma modulation sensing and control signals are encoded in a binary format, which can be implemented in one-bit registers. The one bit signals are pulses that are able to be transmitted naturally in wireless. Control laws can be efficiently implemented with one-bit signals at both the input and output. The resulting one-bit control signals can be applied directly to the actuators to drive physical systems.
Plastics select for distinct early colonizing microbial populations with reproducible traits across environmental gradients (2023)

Little is known about early plastic biofilm assemblage dynamics and successional changes over time. By incubating virgin microplastics along oceanic transects and comparing adhered microbial communities with those of naturally occurring plastic litter at the same locations, we constructed gene catalogues to contrast the metabolic differences between early and mature biofilm communities. Early colonization incubations were reproducibly dominated by Alteromonadaceae and harboured significantly higher proportions of genes associated with adhesion, biofilm formation, chemotaxis, hydrocarbon degradation and motility. Comparative genomic analyses among the Alteromonadaceae metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) highlighted the importance of the mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin (MSHA) operon, recognized as a key factor for intestinal colonization, for early colonization of hydrophobic plastic surfaces. Synteny alignments of MSHA also demonstrated positive selection for mshA alleles across all MAGs, suggesting that mshA provides a competitive advantage for surface colonization and nutrient acquisition. Large-scale genomic characteristics of early colonizers varied little, despite environmental variability. Mature plastic biofilms were composed of predominantly Rhodobacteraceae and displayed significantly higher proportions of carbohydrate hydrolysis enzymes and genes for photosynthesis and secondary metabolism. Our metagenomic analyses provide insight into early biofilm formation on plastics in the ocean and how early colonizers self-assemble, compared to mature, phylogenetically and metabolically diverse biofilms.
Dystrophin and utrophin “double knockout” dystrophic mice exhibit a spectrum of degenerative musculoskeletal abnormalities (2012)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a degenerative muscle disorder characterized by the lack of dystrophin expression at the sarcolemma of muscle fibers. In addition, DMD patients acquire osteopenia, fragility fractures, and scoliosis indicating that a deficiency in skeletal homeostasis coexists but little is known about the effects of DMD on bone and other connective tissues within the musculoskeletal system. Recent evidence has emerged implicating adult stem cell dysfunction in DMD myopathogenesis. Given the common mesenchymal origin of muscle and bone, we sought to investigate bone and other musculoskeletal tissues in a DMD mouse model. Here, we report that dystrophin-utrophin double knockout (dko) mice exhibit a spectrum of degenerative changes, outside skeletal muscle, in bone, articular cartilage, and intervertebral discs, in addition to reduced lifespan, muscle degeneration, spinal deformity, and cardiomyopathy previously reported. We also report these mice to have a reduced capacity for bone healing and exhibit spontaneous heterotopic ossification in the hind limb muscles. Therefore, we propose the dko mouse as a model for premature musculoskeletal aging and posit that a similar phenomenon may occur in patients with DMD.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Arylbenzoxazoles as Novel Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibitors: Optimization via Array Synthesis (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Relative Ratios of Human Seasonal Coronavirus Antibodies Predict the Efficiency of Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Binding to ACE2 (2021)

This study was supported by a grant by the CIHR (VR2 -172722) and by a grant supplement by the CITF, and by a NRC Collaborative R&D Initiative Grant (PR031-1).
Proceedings of the 22nd annual international conference on Supercomputing (2008)

It is our pleasure to welcome you to the 22nd ACM International Conference on Supercomputing (ICS'08). ICS took place, for the first time, in Athens, Greece in the summer of 1987. Its purpose was to bring together the people who designed and built supercomputers, developed the software, algorithms and applications that made use of them and, over the years, helped advance several fields of science and engineering. This year, ICS returns to Greece and will be held on the island of Kos, one of the main Greek islands with rich history and many monuments, such as the Asclepieion, one of the biggest healing temples in Ancient Greece, sacred to the god of medicine Asclepius. Kos is also known around the world as one of the most splendid vacation destinations of Europe.

The Technical Program includes 37 papers on topics in architecture, compilers, operating systems, and large-scale parallel computing applications. The papers reflect recent significant advances in some of the most exciting areas of high-performance computing and identify promising directions for future progress. This dual perspective is also seen in the topics of the workshops and the three keynote addresses. The workshops and Mark Harris' keynote concern the effective exploitation of current high-performance computing systems, David Keyes' keynote discusses the algorithmic approaches required to achieve a sustained petaflop/s on practical applications in the near future and Tilak Agerwala's keynote identifies the challenges to be overcome on the way to exascale computing.
Laser-based gas sensing of multiple samples using multiplexing in radio frequency domain (2017)

Summary form only given. Laser spectroscopy is a valuable tool in chemical analysis. Analyzing more than one sample is desired (or even required) in many gas sensing applications, e.g. in isotopic ratiometery or gas leak detection. In typical implementations multiple samples are measured with multiple sources and/or detectors or using opto-mechanical switches. Here we present a new approach to gas detection of multiple samples that relies on multiplexing spectroscopic signals in the radio frequency (RF) domain. Therefore, it does not require multiple sensing channels or opto-mechanical switching.
Diffusion as a chemical reaction: Stochastic trajectories between fixed concentrations (1995)

Stochastic trajectories are described that underly classical diffusion between known concentrations. The description of those experimental boundary conditions requires a phase space using the full Langevin equation, with displacement and velocity as state variables, even if friction entirely dominates the dynamics of diffusion, because the incoming and outgoing trajectories have to be told apart. The conditional flux, probabilities, mean first-passage times, and contents (of the reaction region) of the four types of trajectories—the trans trajectories LR and RL and the cis trajectories LL and RR—are expressed in terms of solutions of the Fokker–Planck equation in phase space and are explicitly calculated in the Smoluchowski limit of high friction. With these results, diffusion in a region between fixed concentrations can be described exactly as a chemical reaction for any potential function in the region, made of any combination of high or low barriers or wells.