gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modulation of the number of ligand binding sites of UDP-glucuronyltransferase by the gel to liquid-crystal phase transition of phosphatidylcholines. (1983)

The kinetics of a pure, delipidated form of microsomal UDP-glucuronyltransferase is non-Michaelis-Menten when the enzyme is reconstituted into unilamellar vesicles of phosphatidylcholine that are in a gel phase. Double reciprocal plots of velocity as a function of the concentration of UDP-glucuronic acid show a downward curvature under these conditions. Binding studies indicate that the basis for the kinetic pattern is the presence of one high affinity and one low affinity binding site for UDP-glucuronic acid. The two classes of binding sites seem to be generated by the presence of two subunits that bind UDP-glucuronic acid within a single molecule of UDP-glucuronyltransferase. Melting the phospholipids from the gel phase to the liquid-crystal phase is associated with a switch from non-Michaelis-Menten to Michaelis-Menten kinetics for UDP-glucuronyltransferase. Binding studies for interaction of UDP-glucuronic acid with enzyme present in a liquid-crystal lipid phase indicate that the two binding sites for UDP-glucuronic acid do not become identical in this setting. Instead, one of the sites becomes nonfunctional. Binding studies carried out with UDP as ligand lead to similar results. There is a high affinity and a low affinity site for UDP when enzyme is reconstituted into a phospholipid bilayer in a gel phase. There is only one UDP binding site per holoenzyme when enzyme is reconstituted into a phospholipid bilayer in a liquid-crystal phase. Delipidated enzyme or enzyme reconstituted with lysophosphatidylcholine displays Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Binding studies show that these forms have only one binding site for UDP-glucuronic acid per holoenzyme. However, they have two nonidentical binding sites for binding of UDP. Thus, the physical properties of its phospholipid milieu influence the number of functional binding sites of UDP-glucuronyltransferase.
Bubbles and bypass: an update (2004)

Bubbles in the bloodstream are not a normal condition--yet they remain a fact of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), having been extensively studied and documented since its inception some 50 years ago. While detectable levels of gaseous microemboli (GME) have decreased significantly in recent years and gross air embolism has been nearly eliminated due to increased awareness of etiologies and technological advances, methods of use of current perfusion systems continue to elicit concerns over how best to totally eliminate GME during open-heart procedures. A few studies have correlated adverse neurocognitive manifestations associated with excessive quantities of GME. Newer techniques currently in vogue, such as vacuum-assisted venous drainage, low-prime perfusion circuits, and carbon dioxide flooding of the operative field, have, in some instances, exacerbated the problem of gas embolism or engendered secondary complications in the safe conduct of CPB. Doppler monitoring (circuit or transcranial) primarily remains a research tool to detect GME emanating from the circuit or passing into the patients' cerebral vasculature. Newer developments not yet widely available, such as multiple-frequency harmonics, may finally provide a tool to distinguish particulate microemboli from GME and further delineate the clinical significance of GME.
Studies on "repeated epilation" mouse mutant embryos: I. Development of facial malformations. (1983)

Repeated Epilation Er/Er mouse embryos show severe facial malformations. The most obvious is an important decrease in prominence of facial features. The protuberance of the snout is reduced. The eyes, the mouth, the nares and the ears are modified. From 13.5 days onwards the lips begin to close, the joining proceeding from the lateral to the central part. The nares, eyelids, oral opening, and auditory ducts are in the course of closure from 14 days of pregnancy. This process is terminated at 15 days. At the microscopic level, disturbances begin to appear at 13 days. They are limited to the anterior part of the face. During the next few hours, they become more important. At 14 days, the maxillae are joined from the anterior extremity of the snout. The oral opening is thus closed. Then, an oral cavity of very reduced form and dimensions is formed. The tongue connects the nasal septum to the mandible. A general process of closure occurs between: nasal septum, maxillae, tongue, and palatal shelves. Extensive modifications result from the compression of all these areas, especially of the tongue and shelves which remain in vertical position. An atypical cleft palate is seen, due to the absence of shelf movement, impeded by the tongue and the joinings mentioned earlier. The compression increases at 15 and 16 days. However, complete epithelial fusions do not occur. In 18-day-old embryos, cystic malformations appear in the glosso muscular system.
Carbon black nanoparticle trapping: a strategy to realize the true energy storage potential of redox-active conjugated microporous polymers (2021)

The pseudocapacitive performance of redox-active conjugated microporous polymers was enhanced through the trapping of carbon black nanoparticles.
Characterization of β‐adrenoceptors in urinary bladder: comparison between rat and rabbit (1997)

1. beta-Adrenoceptor subtypes in rat and rabbit urinary bladder were investigated in functional experiments by use of several agonists and antagonists. 2. All agonists tested produced concentration-dependent relaxation, but the relative potencies varied between both species: BRL 37344 (pD2:8.0) > isoprenaline (7.3) > adrenaline (6.7) = noradrenaline (6.6) in rat bladder, and isoprenaline (8.7) = adrenaline (8.5) > noradrenaline (7.7) = BRL 37344 (7.4) in rabbit bladder. 3. The relaxation response to isoprenaline in rat bladder was relatively resistant to propranolol and ICI 118551, and the slopes of Schild plot for both antagonists were different from unity. The apparent pKB values estimated by single concentrations of propranolol (1, 10 microM) and ICI 118551(10 microM) were 6.6 and 5.4, respectively. 4. On the other hand, the relaxation response to isoprenaline in rabbit bladder was antagonized by lower concentrations (1 nM-100 nM) of propranolol and ICI 118551 in a competitive manner, resulting in pA2 values of 8.7 and 8.6, respectively. 5. These results suggest species-heterogeneity of beta-adrenoceptors in urinary bladder; beta 3 and beta 2 subtypes in rat and beta 2 subtype in rabbit.
Facile One-Pot Syntheses of Amidines and Enamines from Oximes via Beckmann Rearrangement Using Trifluoromethanesulfonic Anhydride (2004)

Abstract Iminocarbocation intermediates were in situ-generated by treating various oximes with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (Tf2O) in the presence of triethylamine in toluene and nucleophilic trapping with amines or sodium enolates under mild conditions afforded the corresponding amidines and enamines. Some of the thus-obtained enamines were converted to 2-substituted 4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid derivatives by subsequent intramolecular Friedel–Crafts acylation.
Optimal multivariable looper control for hot strip finishing mill (1991)

An optimal multivariable looper control system based on optimal-regulator theory was developed for hot strip finishing mills. Loopers of a hot strip finishing mill are installed between stands and are, in many cases, driven by motors. The goal of looper control is to maintain product quality at a high level by stabilizing the rolling operation. Stability is achieved by keeping the looper angle and tension applied to the strip at given reference values. The most difficult problem is mutual interaction in the simultaneous control of looper angle and strip tension. In particular, increasing use of low-temperature heating of slabs, high-carbon steels, and high-speed rolling places additional demands on the looper control system. Moreover, high quality of thickness, width, and crown are strongly requested. Controlling the rotational speed of the looper motor in addition to the existing looper motor current control has allowed a robust looper control system that can cope with changes in rolling conditions. Based on the current rolling conditions, the system selects the control gain calculated from different weight matrices for the linear quadratic criterion. The developed control system can maintain relatively constant strip tension without operator intervention in the presence of rapid changes of hydraulic screwdown, such as automatic gage control (AGC) operation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Supplementary Figures 1 through 8 from Sensitivity of Small Cell Lung Cancer to BET Inhibition Is Mediated by Regulation of <i>ASCL1</i> Gene Expression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S1. Potency of I-BET762 in inhibition of proliferation of lung tumor cell lines. Lineage of lung cell lines is as indicated. Figure S2. Dose response curves of JQ1 in cell proliferation assays. Shown are examples of lung tumor cell lines with different sensitivity to JQ1. Figure S3. Induction of apoptosis in four SCLC cell lines was monitored by caspase 3 and 7 cleavage after 72 h treatment with JQ1. Data shown are fold changes over DMSO control. Figure S4. Probe sets induced by JQ1 in SCLC cell lines. Shown are microarray data for three probe sets that were induced by JQ1. Figure S5. Examples of probe sets that show dose-dependent changes, but were expressed only at background levels (RNF183) in all four cell lines, or were expressed at low levels in the sensitive cell lines (NR0B2). Figure S6. Dose response in expression of the three ASCL1 probe sets upon JQ1 treatment. Figure S7. (A) Enrichment of BRD4 binding at the ASCL1 gene enhancer compared to a gene desert on the same chromosome. Primers specific for ASCL1 enhancer or a gene desert on chromosome 12 were used to detect BRD4 binding. (B) JQ1 has no effect on non-specific binding of BRD4 to a gene desert in SCLC cell lines. Figure S8. (A) ASCL1 mRNA in SCLC and non-small-cell lung neuroendocrine (UMC-11 and NCI-H1155) cell lines. JQ1 sensitivity cut-off is arbitrarily defined as an IC50 of 0.5 µM. (B) ASCL1 protein abundance in SCLC cell lines that are sensitive or resistant to JQ1. (C) UMC-11 cells were treated with JQ1 for 24h and ASCL1 protein was analyzed by western blotting.&lt;/p&gt;
Comparison Of Wavelength-Division Multiplexers In Single-Mode Systems With LED Sources. (1989)

It is widely accepted that single-mode (SM) fibre will be used in telecommunication networks and, in particular, in subscriber loops. In such mass applications, the cost and reliability of optical sources are important considerations which, together with recent developments in 1.3 &mu;m edge-emitting LEDs, make the latter increasingly attractive compared with the lasers that traditionally been used in single-mode systems. Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) offers many advantages for such applications. Optical WDM devices for single-mode systems are currently available based on a variety of principles - e.g. interference filters, gratings, fused couplers, or a combination of these. The main purpose of this paper is to provide a quantitative comparison of the performance of these various types of WDM devices, when used with single-mode fibre and LED sources in applications such as the subscriber loop. System performance is measured in terms of insertion loss and received optical power levels, and crosstalk between WDM channels, as functions of temperature (-40 to +80°C); an important criterion for such applications. These measures are evaluated numerically, based on a mathematical analysis with parameters taken from published data to characterize the LEDs and WDM devices, and using measured values of the single-mode fibre characteristics. The results demonstrate the superiority of WDM devices using dielectric-thin-film, multilayer interference filters. Using these devices, the LED-based, single-mode-WDM system is shown to perform satisfactorily over the entire temperature range considered.
Extending resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (2016)

We combined a novel automated, extracorporeal circuit with complete REBOA to achieve EVAC in a swine model of uncontrolled hemorrhage. Our approach regulated proximal aortic pressure, alleviated supranormal values above the balloon, and provided controlled distal aortic perfusion that reduced ischemia without inducing intolerable bleeding. This experimental model serves as a temporary surrogate to guide future EVAC catheter designs that may provide transformational approaches to hemorrhagic shock.
Surface Cleaning Challenges for Organic Light Emitting Diodes (2021)

Organic optoelectronic devices such as light-emitting diodes and solar cells present unique challenges for surface cleaning and preparation because of their large area and the ‘soft’, thin film nature of the materials involved. This paper gives an introduction to this class of semiconductor devices and covers a recent example of how surface cleaning impacts the long-term reliability of organic light-emitting diodes being commercialized for solid-state lighting.
Habituation of auditory startle reflex is a new sign of minimally conscious state (2020)

Neurological examination of non-communicating patients relies on a few decisive items that enable the crucial distinction between vegetative state (VS)-also coined unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS)-and minimally conscious state. Over the past 10 years, this distinction has proven its diagnostic value as well as its important prognostic value on consciousness recovery. However, clinicians are currently limited by three factors: (i) the current behavioural repertoire of minimally conscious state items is limited and restricted to a few cognitive domains in the goldstandard revised version of the Coma Recovery Scale; (ii) a proportion of ∼15-20% clinically VS/UWS patients are actually in a richer state than VS/UWS as evidenced by functional brain imaging; and (iii) the neurophysiological and cognitive interpretation of each minimally conscious state item is still unclear and debated. In the current study we demonstrate that habituation of the auditory startle reflex (hASR) tested at bedside constitutes a novel, simple and powerful behavioural sign that can accurately distinguish minimally conscious state from VS/UWS. In addition to enlarging the minimally conscious state items repertoire, and therefore decreasing the low sensitivity of current behavioural measures, we also provide an original and rigorous description of the neurophysiological basis of hASR through a combination of functional (high density EEG and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET imaging) and structural (diffusion tensor imaging MRI) measures. We show that preservation of hASR is associated with the functional and structural integrity of a brain-scale fronto-parietal network, including prefrontal regions related to control of action and inhibition, and meso-parietal areas associated with minimally conscious and conscious states. Lastly, we show that hASR predicts 6-month improvement of consciousness. Taken together, our results show that hASR is a cortically-mediated behaviour, and suggest that it could be a new clinical item to clearly and accurately identify non-communicating patients who are in the minimally conscious state.
Volumetric selectivity from two beamforming microphone arrays (1990)

A major problem in audio communication between large and intermediate rooms is the degradation of speech by noise and reverberation. The use of beamforming microphone arrays as a possible solution has been reported on earlier. It will be shown that the time-delay bias in the estimate of the short-time coherence function between two crossed beams can be used to obtain volumetric selectivity. The approach uses a time-varying filter that depends on the received data itself. It will be shown that by simply changing the processing block window, “volumetric focusing” can be obtained.
Dynamical electric wire tomography: a time series approach (1998)

The inverse problem of estimating gas temperature distribution based on the measurement of resistances of thin metal filaments spanned across the gas flow is discussed. The estimation is based on the fact that the resistance of the filament material is a function of the temperature. The gas temperature is modelled as a time-dependent stochastic process, and the temperature estimation is performed by using Kalman filters. The proposed method is tested both with numerically-produced synthetic data and with experimental data.
Ontology based Scene Creation for the Development of Automated Vehicles (2018)

The introduction of automated vehicles without permanent human supervision demands a functional system description, including functional system boundaries and a comprehensive safety analysis. These inputs to the technical development can be identified and analyzed by a scenario-based approach. Furthermore, to establish an economical test and release process, a large number of scenarios must be identified to obtain meaningful test results. Experts are doing well to identify scenarios that are difficult to handle or unlikely to happen. However, experts are unlikely to identify all scenarios possible based on the knowledge they have on hand. Expert knowledge modeled for computer aided processing may help for the purpose of providing a wide range of scenarios. This contribution reviews ontologies as knowledge-based systems in the field of automated vehicles, and proposes a generation of traffic scenes in natural language as a basis for a scenario creation.
Airborne radar analysis using the ambiguity function (2002)

The ambiguity function is derived for a pulse Doppler radar which uses fill pulses, a moving target indicator, a (MTI) filter, and DFT (discrete Fourier transform) processing. Some special properties of the pulse Doppler radar ambiguity function and its correspondence with the autoambiguity function of a pulse train as a special case are described. Examples illustrating the utility of the ambiguity function in describing the interaction of the radar with its clutter environment, including transient effects, are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Nitrogen-containing porous carbons: synthesis and application (2012)

Nitrogen-containing porous carbon materials are ubiquitous with a wide range of technologically important applications, including separation science, heterogeneous catalyst supports, water purification, electrochemistry, as well as the developing areas of energy generation and storage applications. To date, a variety of approaches has been developed and applied to introduce nitrogen into the carbon matrix. It is important and necessary to design and control a hierarchical porous structure and the surface chemical groups of nitrogen-containing porous carbons for their applications. In this work, we summarize and compare recently reported routes for the preparation of nitrogen-containing porous carbon materials and the effect of nitrogen groups on its applications in adsorption, electrochemistry, catalysis/catalyst supports and hydrogen storage properties.
How imperfect mixing and differential diffusion accelerate the rate of nonlinear reactions in microfluidic channels (2016)

In this paper, we show experimentally that inside a microfluidic device, where the reactants are segregated, the reaction rate of an autocatalytic clock reaction is accelerated in comparison to the case where all the reactants are well mixed. We also find that, when mixing is enhanced inside the microfluidic device by introducing obstacles into the flow, the clock reaction becomes slower in comparison to the device where mixing is less efficient. Based on numerical simulations, we show that this effect can be explained by the interplay of nonlinear reaction kinetics (cubic autocatalysis) and differential diffusion, where the autocatalytic species diffuses slower than the substrate.
The prevalence of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults, an exploration of differences between studies and within definitions: a systematic review and meta-analyses (2018)

estimates of sarcopenia prevalence vary from 9.9 to 40.4%, depending on the definition used. Significant differences in prevalence exist within definitions across populations. This lack of agreement between definitions needs to be better understood before sarcopenia can be appropriately used in a clinical context.
Voices from the North: Linguistic connections between Asia and Aboriginal Australia (2011)

As an undergraduate at the University of Sydney in the 1960s I was aware of A. R. Davis, notwithstanding that I never enrolled in Oriental Studies. His long tenure in the chair (1955-1983) began before my arrival at the university in 1966 and continued until after I returned as a lecturer in Linguistics in 1982. Among a considerable range of interest in subjects for which I was not enrolled was Oriental Studies. I was fascinated by Joseph Needham's Science and Civilisation in China but I came to have a considerable passion for Japan. This led me to pursue a second undergraduate degree at the Australian National University, initially studying Japanese, Asian Civilisation (East) and Linguistics. To say that I was sidetracked into Linguistics is something of a major understatement! However, my interest in things Asian re-emerged in the late 1970s when I investigated the linguistic impact of so-called Macassans on some of the languages of northern Australia. About thirty years ago Jim Urry and I suspected that the linguistic impact of so-called 'Macassans' on local Aboriginal languages had been underestimated. The problem was that we needed an expert in north-east Arnhem Land languages and Austronesian. The solution came in the form of two such experts who were able to demonstrate a more extensive connection.
Detection of genomic variations and DNA polymorphisms and impact on analysis of meiotic recombination and genetic mapping (2020)

Genetic analyses require allelic markers, which are often DNA polymorphisms and can be analyzed by using short reads from high-throughput sequencing. Therefore, accuracy in genetic studies depends on correct identification of DNA polymorphic markers, but genomic structural variants increase the complexity of allelic detection and must be carefully accounted for to avoid errors. Here, we examine potential mistakes in single-nucleotide polymorphism calling caused by structural variants and their impact on detecting meiotic recombination events. Our results demonstrate that it is crucial to examine structural variants in genetic analysis with DNA marker detection by using short reads, with implications for a wide range of genetic analyses.
Diels-Alder Reactions of Lignin-Derived Quinones (1989)

Abstract The Diels-Alder reactions of methoxy-p-benzoquinone and 2,6-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone, which may be obtained from lignin and lignin model compounds, and of o-quinones (4-methyl, 4-acetyl, and 4-(l-hydroxyethyl)-o-benzoquinone) were investigated using 2,3-dimethylbutadiene, isoprene and styrene as dienes. Dimethylbutadiene and isoprene were found to be effective reactants, resulting in the generation of several Diels-Alder addition products. Loss of the methoxyl group and the side chain were observed under certain conditions. Reactions of the p-benzoquinones went more smoothly than the reactions of the o-quinones, and product yields were generally higher. Higher yields of anthraquinone products were obtained from 2,6-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone than from methoxy-p-benzoquinone.