gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic MIMO Precoding for Femtocell Interference Mitigation (2014)

This paper studies interference mitigation in heterogeneous cellular networks consisting of traditional macrocells and newly envisioned femtocells. The mutual interference between macrocells and femtocells arises as a result of decentralized femtocell deployment and backhaul delay. To mitigate downlink interference between the femtocell clients, known as Home User Equipments (HUEs), and macrocell clients, known as Macrocell User Equipments (MUEs), we present methods of dynamic distributed beamforming that are fully compatible with MIMO precoding mechanisms in existing LTE standard releases. We develop three MIMO beamforming schemes for interference mitigation that take into account the Quality of Service (QoS) requirement of both femtocell and macrocell clients. These new heterogeneous MIMO precoding strategies improve flexibility in resource provisioning and signaling requirement while responding to different QoS needs. We also present MUE mean throughput analysis by applying order statistics to our proposed methods. Moreover, we provide an approximate closed form for the mean throughput in terms of basic transmitter, channel, and receiver parameters. Furthermore, we extend our proposed interference control precoding schemes to spatial multiplexing for MIMO transmissions. Finally, we extend our solution to tackle the more general case involving multiple MUEs, multiple HUEs, and multiple femtocells.
Transcriptional regulation and metabolism (2005)

Understanding organisms from a systems perspective is essential for predicting cellular behaviour as well as designing gene-metabolic circuits for novel functions. The structure, dynamics and interactions of cellular networks are all vital components of systems biology. To facilitate investigation of these aspects, we have developed an integrative technique called network component analysis, which utilizes mRNA expression and transcriptional network connectivity to determine network component dynamics, functions and interactions. This approach has been applied to elucidate transcription factor dynamics in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell-cycle regulation, detect cross-talks in Escherichia coli two-component signalling pathways, and characterize E. coli carbon source transition. An ultimate test of system-wide understanding is the ability to design and construct novel gene-metabolic circuits. To this end, artificial feedback regulation, cell–cell communication and oscillatory circuits have been constructed, which demonstrate the design principles of gene-metabolic regulation in the cell.
Learning from the experts: From expert systems to machine-learned diagnosis models (2018)

Expert diagnostic support systems have been extensively studied. The practical applications of these systems in real-world scenarios have been somewhat limited due to well-understood shortcomings, such as lack of extensibility. More recently, machine-learned models for medical diagnosis have gained momentum, since they can learn and generalize patterns found in very large datasets like electronic health records. These models also have shortcomings - in particular, there is no easy way to incorporate prior knowledge from existing literature or experts. In this paper, we present a method to merge both approaches by using expert systems as generative models that create simulated data on which models can be learned. We demonstrate that such a learned model not only preserves the original properties of the expert systems but also addresses some of their limitations. Furthermore, we show how this approach can also be used as the starting point to combine expert knowledge with knowledge extracted from other data sources, such as electronic health records.
Design and Synthesis of Potent Bivalent Peptide Agonists Targeting the EphA2 Receptor (2013)

Designing potent and selective peptides and small molecules that target Eph receptor tyrosine kinases remains a challenge and new strategies are needed for developing novel and potent ligands for these receptors. In this study, we performed a structure-activity relationship study of a previously identified 12 amino acid-long peptide, SWL, by alanine scanning to identify residues important for receptor binding. To further enhance and optimize the receptor binding affinity of the SWL peptide, we applied the concept of bivalent ligand design to synthesize several SWL-derived dimeric peptides as novel ligands capable of binding simultaneously to two EphA2 receptor molecules. The dimeric peptides possess higher receptor binding affinity than the original monomeric SWL peptide, consistent with bivalent binding. The most potent dimeric peptide, a SWL dimer with a 6 carbon linker, has about 13 fold increased potency compared to SWL. Furthermore, similar to SWL, the dimeric peptide is an agonist and can promote EphA2 tyrosine phosphorylation (activation) in cultured cells.
Neural Task Programming: Learning to Generalize Across Hierarchical Tasks (2017)

In this work, we propose a novel robot learning framework called Neural Task Programming (NTP), which bridges the idea of few-shot learning from demonstration and neural program induction. NTP takes as input a task specification (e.g., video demonstration of a task) and recursively decomposes it into finer sub-task specifications. These specifications are fed to a hierarchical neural program, where bottom-level programs are callable subroutines that interact with the environment. We validate our method in three robot manipulation tasks. NTP achieves strong generalization across sequential tasks that exhibit hierarchal and compositional structures. The experimental results show that NTP learns to generalize well to- wards unseen tasks with increasing lengths, variable topologies, and changing objectives.
Comprehensive evaluation of genetic variation in the IGF1 gene and risk of prostate cancer (2006)

Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF1) stimulates cell proliferation, decreases apoptosis, and has been implicated in cancer development. Epidemiological studies have shown elevated levels of circulating IGF1 to be associated with increased risk of prostate cancer. To what extent genetic variation in the IGF1 gene is related to prostate cancer risk is largely unknown. We performed a comprehensive haplotype tagging (HT) assessment of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) representing the common haplotype variation in the IGF1 gene. We genotyped 10 SNPs (9 haplotype tagging SNPs (htSNPs)) within Cancer Prostate in Sweden (CAPS), a case-control study of 2,863 cases and 1,737 controls, in order to investigate if genetic variation in the IGF1 gene is associated with prostate cancer risk. Three haplotype blocks were identified across the IGF1 gene and 9 SNPs were selected as haplotype tagging SNPs. Common haplotypes in the block covering the 3' region of the IGF1 gene showed significant global association with prostate cancer risk (p = 0.004), with one particular haplotype giving an odds ratio of 1.46 (95% CI = 1.15-1.84, p = 0.002). This haplotype had a prevalence of 5% in the study population. Our results indicate that common variation in the IGF1 gene, particularly in the 3' region, may affect prostate cancer risk. Further studies on genetic variations in the IGF1 gene in relation to prostate cancer risk as well as to circulating levels of IGF1 are needed to confirm this novel finding.
Multi-pulse diode-isolated-Blumlein induction-cell drivers (2017)

The Dual-Axis Radiographic Hydrodynamic Test (DARHT) facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) uses two, linear-induction accelerators (LIAs) for flash, x-ray radiography of hydrodynamic tests. The Axis-I LIA uses a single, beam pulse of 60 ns, 20 MeV, and 2 kA. The Axis-II LIA uses a long beam pulse, and a kicker to generate four radiation pulses. The National Nuclear Security Agency (NNSA) is planning a new, multi-pulse, single-axis, electron LIA for hydrodynamic experiments. One method for generating multiple, beam pulses on a single axis, without a kicker, is to multi pulse the injector and each accelerator cell. Diode-isolated Blumleins are being considered as the pulsed-power drivers for the accelerator cells. On DARHT Axis-I, the Blumleins are dc connected to the cells such that when they are charged, the connected cells' magnetic cores are also preset. With diodes in the circuit, this dc path is not available. This paper describes the 300-kV, diode-isolated Blumlein concept, performance requirements, Blumlein charging options, core preset methods, and circuit simulation results.
A New Displaying Technology for Information Hiding Using Temporally Brightness Modulated Pattern (2016)

We propose a new display system technology that can hide secret information behind a displayed image, while simultaneously satisfying both high invisibility and readability requirements. The hidden information is a kind of binary image including characters, and various kinds of patterns, i.e., quadratic residue (QR) codes. This technique uses a temporally bright modulated invisible pattern in a moving image, or video. Frame images over some periods are summed up when read out, enhancing the contrast of the invisible pattern to make it visible. We also propose a new method to solve an issue that occurs due to asynchronous operations of the display and video camera, which is a technique that was achieved by using time-shift sampling. The hidden binary image could be read out according to experiments that we conducted to confirm the results. Moreover, the patterns used in this technique were decidedly invisible when laid behind the main images, which suggested the proposed technique was highly feasible in practical applications according to this confirmation.
Multilevel Nanoarchitecture Exhibiting Biosensing for Cancer Diagnostics by Dual-Modal Switching of Optical and Magnetic Resonance Signals (2018)

In this research, the fabrication and application of a multifunctional core-shell nanoarchitecture are proposed. NaYF<sub>4</sub>:Yb,Er@NaYF<sub>4</sub>:Yb,Nd exhibits upconversion luminescence (UCL) of erbium ions but has quenched UCL emission when it is coated with MnO<sub>2</sub> nanosheets. This hierarchical multilevel UCNP-MnO<sub>2</sub> exhibits restoration of UCL and generation of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal when it is exposed to a microenvironment containing glutathione (GSH)/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, which strips the MnO<sub>2</sub> sheets by converting them to paramagnetic Mn<sup>2+</sup> ions. This dual-modal switching feature of the optical emission and MRI signals provides a platform for stimuli-responsive biosensing of GSH/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Our new formulation as a dual-modal biosensor for detecting aberrant levels of intracellular GSH/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> associated in cancer cells could be a potential diagnostic probe to distinguish tumor cells from normal cells.
Lower hybrid current drive experiments on the Encore tokamak (2002)

The work of this thesis concerns a technological aspect of a tokamak fusion power reactor. A toroidal current in tokamaks is necessary for plasma equilibrium. Ohmic heated tokamaks are inherently pulsed devices since the toroidal plasma current is essentially a single turn secondary of a transformer. A pulsed power reactor is undesirable for a number of reasons including thermal fatigue to material structures and other mechanical cycling effects. Various means to drive a continuous current have been studied. One of the more successful schemes has been to inject unidirectional lower hybrid plasma waves into a tokamak. The plasma waves Landau damp on the high velocity tail of the electron distribution, delivering wave momentum to electrons and generating plasma current.

The results of early experiments produced two plasma physics problems. First, the current drive effect disappeared above a certain plasma density that depended in some way on the particulars of the experiment. This effect became known as the 'density limit' problem. Secondly, the phase velocities of the launched lower hybrid plasma waves in most experiments turned out to be so high that essentially no electrons in the high velocity tail of the electron distribution were available to interact with the plasma waves. Despite this, large currents were indeed driven in most of the experiments. Somehow the 'spectral gap' between the launch phase velocity of the wave and the Landau damping phase velocity was being bridged.

Experiments at Caltech on the Encore tokamak failed to produce the large driven currents seen in other experiments. The reason for this and simultaneously the cause of the density limit seen in the other experiments was explained by a relatively simple and appealing theory.

Small driven currents were observed. Initially puzzling was the result that currents could be driven in the same toroidal direction regardless of the directionality of the launched lower hybrid waves. The Encore tokamak had a handedness. The cause of this handedness turned out to be a radial, horizontal, magnetic error field associated with the toroidal magnetic field which led to a horizontal spiraling of the toroidal field lines.
Avant-propos (2008)

Ce numéro de Préhistoire Anthropologie Méditerranéennes, particulier puisque consacré dans son intégralité aux actes de la table ronde « La valeur fonctionnelle des objets sépulcraux » organisée en 2006 à la Maison Méditerranéenne des Sciences de l’Homme (Aix-en-Provence), est le dernier de la formule éditoriale mise en place en 1992. Comme nous l’annoncions dans le numéro précédent, la réflexion sur l’opportunité de l’existence de cette revue ainsi que sur ses modes de diffusion a abouti à u...
Laboratory for emulation and study of integrated and coordinated media communication (1987)

In future telecommunications networks, understanding the issues of user-network control, Customer Premise Equipment (CPE) technologies, services and user applications is as important as the classical network problems of channel structure, switching, and transmission. This paper discusses a Bell Communications Research facility, the Integrated Media Architecture Laboratory (IMAL), designed to flexibly emulate a wide range of current and future network and CPE environments with a focus on multiple media communications. IMAL combines off-the-shelf technologies to create an easily clonable emulation environment for studying, planning, demonstrating, and checking the feasibility of integrated media communications. The IMAL project has assembled workstations which feature speech-synthesis/sampled-audio/telephony capabilities, local 1 MIP computation capacity, and a high-resolution color display integrating text/graphics/image/video under an expanded X Window display management system. (X Windows is an emerging windowing standard to provide high performance device-independent graphics.) The workstations may be augmented as needed by local image digitizers, video cameras, and color image printers producing paper and viewgraph hardcopies. Also, the workstations are interconnected with switches permitting access to one another as well as shared databases, temporary storage, intelligence, and information processing/conversion resources. Communications services are implemented under a distributed, real-time service primitive control scheme. This multiple-media service primitives scheme employs a threaded/dataflow-type architecture to support user-defined, network-defined, and vendor-defined services while including a wealth of flexible features for the study of network architecture, protocol, network management, and billing functions.
A Biomechanical Comparison of Initial Soft Tissue Tibial Fixation Devices (2004)

Increased displacement at failure for the Intrafix group suggests slippage from sheath channel deployment. Concentric fixation may not occur when less than optimal tibial bone mineral density increases the difficulty of attaining precise sheath deployment and quadrupled hamstring tendon graft strand alignment.
Cytolytic and Cytotoxic Activity of a Human Natural Killer Cell Line Genetically Modified to Specifically Recognize HER-2/neu Overexpressing Tumor Cells (2006)

NK92 cells genetically engineered to recognize the HER-2/neu oncoprotein have been previously reported to lyse HER-2/neu positive tumor cell lines through direct cell to cell contact. In the present study we have transduced NK92 cells with a chimeric receptor gene composed of the HER-/neu specific scFv (FRP5) antibody fragment, joined to the peptide CD8 hinge region and the signaling CD3 zeta chain. NK92 cells expressing this chimeric receptor (NK92.HER-2/neu/zeta) specifically recognized and lysed HER-2/neu overexpressing tumor cell lines both in vitro and in preclinical tumor models in vivo. More important we demonstrate that NK92.HER-2/neu/zeta cells constitutively secrete high levels of soluble scFv which mediate strong tumor cytostatic effects by directly binding on cell surface HER-2/neu. Our data uncover an additional mechanism through which NK92.HER-2/neu/zeta cells mediate antitumor effects and further support their use in cell based therapeutics for the treatment of HER-2/neu expressing cancers.
Abstract 467: Hypertension and Cancer: Are They Related? (2013)

There are literature references supporting a link between hypertension and cancer. However, a mechanism for this association has not been defined. Key players in blood pressure regulation include the dopamine-1 receptor (D 1 R), G protein-coupled kinase type 4 (GRK4) and c-Myc, all found in renal proximal tubule cells (RPTC). c-Myc also regulates GRK4 in the breast cancer cell line MCF7. We hypothesized that the D 1 R would act as a tumor suppressor and both GRK4 and c-Myc as oncogenes in MCF7 cells. GRK4 is positively regulated transcriptionally by c-Myc, and GRK4 is negatively regulated by Caveolin-1 (CAV1) in RPTCs, so we tested if the same relationship occurs in this breast cancer model. SKF38393 (D 1 R agonist, 10μM, 18hr) reduced wild type MCF7 (WT-MCF7) cell motility (an index of aggressive growth) by 16.0% ± 3.2 SEM (n=9; p&lt;0.005; 115393/137330 RFU), while the D 1 R antagonist LE300 (10μM, 18hr) increased cell motility 23.0% ± 7.0 SEM (n=9; p&lt;0.05; 168955/137330 RFU). CAV1, a tumor suppressor and GRK4 kinase inhibitor, is missing in MCF7, so we transfected CAV1 into MCF7 cells (CAV-MCF7) and inhibited cell motility even further following SKF38393 stimulation (29.8% ± 2.8 SEM; n=11; p&lt;0.005 vs.WT-MCF7; 105801/150766 RFU). CAV1 binding to GRK4 was verified by co-immunoprecipitation. CAV-MCF7 also showed higher levels of basal cell surface D 1 R (103.3% ± 35.9 SEM; n=10; p&lt;0.01 vs WT-MCF7; 808/397 RFU) and D 1 R membrane recruitment post-fenoldopam stimulation (FEN, D 1 R agonist, 10μM, 30min) (increase of 65.5% ± 6.18 SEM; n=4; p&lt;0.05 vs. WT-MCF7; 1.65/1.00 RFU). We verified that CAV-MCF7 showed decreased soft agar colony growth and decreased rates of cell proliferation. Because c-Myc increases GRK4 expression, cell proliferation after c-Myc knock down (KD-MCF7) was tested. KD-MCF7 showed decreased cell proliferation at 48 hr by 37.7% ± 7.6 SEM (n=3; p&lt;0.05 vs WT-MCF7; 2752/4416 cells), while both knockdown of c-Myc and re-expression of GRK4 restored proliferation by 23.1% ± 13.4 SEM (n=10; p&lt;0.05 vs KDMCF; 1346/1093 cells) at 96 hr. We therefore conclude that c-Myc activation of GRK4 inactivates the dopaminergic pathway in both the kidney and breast cancer progression which may be a common link between hypertension and breast cancer.
Formation of visible light emitting porous GaAs micropatterns (1998)

Pore growth on n-type GaAs (100) can be initiated in 1 M HCl solution by electrochemical polarization of the material anodic to a critical potential value—the pore formation potential (PFP). At surface defects, however, the PFP is significantly lower (shifted cathodically). Focused ion beam, implantation of Si++ was used to create defined patterns in the substrate. At these implant sites, the growth of porous GaAs was selectively achieved by polarization below the overall PFP. From the porous GaAs patterns visible photoluminescence at green-yellow wavelengths can be observed. This technique, thus, allows the production of light emitting porous GaAs micropatterns of arbitrary shape by a direct writing process.
Determinants of Cardiovascular Stability During Abdominal Aortic Aneurysmectomy (AAA) (1984)

Patients undergoing abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy (AAA) develop depressed cardiac function during aortic clamping. The importance of volume status and thromboxane (Tx) mediated declines in cardiac contractility in determining this event was studied. In a blinded fashion, patients received the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor ibuprofen 12 mg/kg by mouth (n = 11) or a placebo (n = 15), 1.5 hours prior to surgery. In the placebo group levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, the hydrolysis product of prostacyclin (PGI2) rose from 20 +/- 10 to 1170 +/- 80 pg/ml (p less than 0.05) soon after incision. Concentrations of TxB2, the stable hydrolysis product of TxA2, were unchanged until 30 minutes after the aorta was clamped when arterial TxB2 concentrations rose from 90 +/- 20 to 230 +/- 30 pg/ml (mean +/- SEM) (p less than 0.05). A pulmonary source for PGI2 and TxA2 was indicated by the observation that arterial 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TxB2 levels exceeded those in pulmonary arterial blood by 180 +/- 50 and 110 +/- 30 pg/ml, respectively (p less than 0.05). Levels of TxB2 in circulating platelets remained unchanged from baseline in the placebo group. During aortic clamping, cardiac index (CI) fell 0.7 +/- 0.2 1/min X m2 (p less than 0.05) in placebo treated patients, and there was a 6% decline in plasma contractility as bioassayed with a rat papillary muscle (p less than 0.05). Placebo patients entered surgery with a PAWP greater than or equal to 10 mmHg (mean 13 mm). Ibuprofen suppressed production of TxB2, such that 30 minutes after aortic clamping TxB2 was 70 +/- 30 pg/ml, a value lower than control patients (p less than 0.05). Further, plasma no longer depressed contractility of the papillary muscle. Five patients given ibuprofen had an initial pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP) of 10 mmHg or greater (mean 12 mmHg). During aortic clamping there was an insignificant decrease in CI of 0.2 +/- 0.1 1/min X m2. This was in contrast to the CI decrease in six other ibuprofen treated patients of 0.9 +/- 0.2 1/min X m2 whose PAWP at the start of surgery was less than 10 mmHg (mean 6 mmHg) (p less than 0.05), and to placebo patients whose initial PAWP was greater than or equal to 10 (p less than 0.05). Platelet counts fell from 185,000 to 121,000/mm3 in placebo patients (p less than 0.05), but did not fall when ibuprofen was given. Creatinine concentrations were unaffected by ibuprofen. Blood replacement in placebo and ibuprofen patients was similar, 1.90 +/- 0.20 and 0.65 +/- 0.15 1, respectively. Results indicate that CI will not decrease during AAA if sufficient volume is given before surgery to increase PAWP above 10 mmHg, and secondly, if TxB2 synthesis is inhibited.
ChemInform Abstract: A (2,3)‐Wittig Rearrangement that Requires Severe Deformation from a Stable 6‐Membered Ring Chair Structure and Its Application to Synthesize 1,3‐anti‐3,5‐anti‐1,3,5‐Trimethylated Carbon Chain Compounds. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ELEMENTS OF STYLE (1960)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I have read the editorial, "Elements of Style," inThe Journal, Jan. 23, page 345. Naturally, I am flattered. I must accept the compliment with some reservation, however, because as a matter of fact I have on occasion made a number of revisions or drafts before I have been satisfied with what I have written. It seems to me that this is bound to be so.