gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Conversation Analysis and the User Experience (2004)

We provide two case studies in the application of ideas drawn from conversation analysis to the design of technologies that enhance the experience of human conversation. We first present a case study of the design of an electronic guidebook, focusing on how conversation analytic principles played a role in the design process. We then discuss how the guidebook project has inspired our continuing work in social, mobile audio spaces. In particular, we describe some as yet unrealized concepts for adaptive audio spaces.
Heterologous Production of Peptides in Plants: Fusion Proteins and Beyond (2013)

Recombinant DNA technology has allowed the ectopic production of proteins and peptides of different organisms leading to biopharmaceutical production in large cultures of bacterial, yeasts and mammalian cells. Otherwise, the expression of recombinant proteins and peptides in plants is an attractive alternative presenting several advantages over the commonly used expression systems including reduced production costs, easy scale-up and reduced risks of pathogen contamination. Different types of proteins and peptides have been expressed in plants, including antibodies, antigens, and proteins and peptides of medical, veterinary and industrial applications. However, apart from providing a proof of concept, the use of plants as platforms for heterologous protein and peptide production still depends on key steps towards optimization including the enhancement of expression levels, manipulation of post-transcriptional modifications and improvements in purification methods. In this review, strategies to increase heterologous protein and peptide stability and accumulation are discussed, focusing on the expression of peptides through the use of gene fusions.
Extrakranielle stereotaktische Bestrahlung bei Lungenrundherden (2013)

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a method for the highly precise application of percutaneous high dose radiotherapy of extracranial targets in a limited number of treatment fractions. Due to the excellent local control rates, SBRT is now well established in limited stage lung tumours. In medically inoperable patients SBRT is the method of choice, in high-risk patients and patients who refuse resection, the current literature recommends SBRT as a reasonable therapeutic option. An analysis of the SBRT working group of the German Society for Radiation Oncology showed that the treatment results in Germany are well comparable to international data. The limitations of SBRT lie in the treatment of tumours in the direct neighbourhood of so-called "serial" normal tissues, which is due to the risk of severe late effects of high dose radiation. Therefore these patients should be treated by SBRT, if at all, in the context of respective clinical studies.
SAMUDRA Report No. 59, July 2011 (2005)

Sticky issues - An update on the recent SSF guidelines, Forced into slavery- New Zealand, Grabbing oceans- MPAs fail to recognize human-rights issues, Getting rights wrong- GPO ignores the voices of SSF people, Smoking kilns- artisan fishers on the map, Depending on mangroves- Vietnam, Statement made at the GDF on work in fishing convention, fishy partnership- proposed GPO, Champion for fishers - Rolf Willmann
Analysis of the Thermal Degradation of the Individual Anthocyanin Compounds of Black Carrot (Daucus carota L.): A New Approach Using High-Resolution Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (2015)

The black carrot dye is a mixture of cyanidin molecules, the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of which shows a highly overlapped aromatic region. In this study, the (1)H NMR (800 MHz) aromatic chemical shifts of the mixture were fully assigned by overlaying them with the characterized (1)H NMR chemical shifts of the separated compounds. The latter were isolated using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and their chemical shifts were identified using (1)H and two-dimensional (2D) correlation spectroscopy (COSY) NMR spectroscopy. The stability of the black carrot mixture to heat exposure was investigated at pH 3.6, 6.8, and 8.0 by heat-treating aqueous solutions at 100 °C and the powdered material at 180 °C. From integration of high-resolution (1)H NMR spectra, it was possible to follow the relative degradation of each compound, offering advantages over the commonly used ultraviolet/visible (UV/vis) and HPLC approaches. UV/vis spectroscopy and CIE color measurements were used to determine thermally induced color changes, under normal cooking conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: BEHAVIOR OF POLY(PYRROLE) AND POLY(N‐METHYLPYRROLE) ELECTRODES IN ACETONITRILE (1985)

Abstract Bei positiveren Potentialen als jeweils einem für die genannten Elektroden charakteristischen Wert ist die Impedanz durch die Doppelschichtkapazitanz und den Lösungswiderstand innerhalb der Poren des polymeren Materials bestimmt.
Induction or expansion of T-cell responses by a hepatitis B DNA vaccine administered to chronic HBV carriers (2004)

Despite the availability of effective hepatitis B vaccines for many years, over 370 million people remain persistently infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Viral persistence is thought to be related to poor HBV-specific T-cell responses. A phase I clinical trial was performed in chronic HBV carriers to investigate whether HBV DNA vaccination could restore T-cell responsiveness. Ten patients with chronic active hepatitis B nonresponder to approved treatments for HBV infection were given 4 intramuscular injections of 1 mg of a DNA vaccine encoding HBV envelope proteins. HBV-specific T-cell responses were assessed by proliferation, ELISpot assays, and tetramer staining. Secondary end points included safety and the monitoring of HBV viraemia and serological markers. Proliferative responses to hepatitis B surface antigen were detected in two patients after DNA injections. Few HBV-specific interferon gamma-secreting T cells were detectable before immunization, but the frequency of such responses was significantly increased by 3 DNA injections. Immunization was well tolerated. Serum HBV DNA levels decreased in 5 patients after 3 vaccine injections, and complete clearance was observed in 1 patient. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that HBV DNA vaccination is safe and immunologically effective. We demonstrate that DNA vaccination can specifically but transiently activate T-cell responses in some chronic HBV carriers who do not respond to current antiviral therapies.
Accessing Structurally Diverse Near‐Infrared Cyanine Dyes for Folate Receptor‐Targeted Cancer Cell Staining (2017)

Folate receptor (FR) targeting is one of the most promising strategies for the development of small-molecule-based cancer imaging agents considering that the FR is highly overexpressed on the surface of many cancer cell types. FR-targeted conjugates of near-infrared (NIR) emissive cyanine dyes are in advanced clinical trials for fluorescence-guided surgery and are valuable research tools for optical molecular imaging in animal models. Only a small number of promising conjugates has been evaluated so far. Analysis of structure-performance relations to identify critical factors modulating the performance of targeted conjugates is essential for successful further optimization. This contribution addresses the need for convenient synthetic access to structurally diverse NIR-emissive cyanine dyes for conjugation with folic acid. Structural variations were introduced to readily available cyanine precursors in particular via C-C-coupling reactions including Suzuki and (for the first time with these types of dyes) Sonogashira cross-couplings. Photophysical properties such as absorbance maxima, brightness, and photostability are highly dependent on the molecular structure. Selected modified cyanines were conjugated to folic acid for cancer cell targeting. Several conjugates display a favorable combination of high fluorescence brightness and photostability with high affinity to FR-positive cancer cells, and enable the selective imaging of these cells with low background.
Imbalance in T gamma and T mu lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with sarcoidosis. (1980)

The percentage and the absolute numbers of T lymphocytes Fc receptors for IgG and IgM (T gamma and T mu lymphocytes, respectively) were evaluated in fourteen patients with active sarcoidosis and in a group of controls. A marked increase in the percentage of T gamma cells and a net decrease of T mu cells were found. Although sarcoidosis patients present a T lymphopenia, the absolute number of T gamma lymphocytes was still increased whereas the T mu decrease was even more pronounced. The possible causes of this imbalance in view of the recent interpretations of T suppressor and T helper lymphocytes are discussed.
PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM A RANDOMIZED, BLINDED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL OF INTRAVENOUS GAMMAGLOBULIN (IVIG) + PULSE STEROIDS (PS) FOR THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE REJECTION (AR) EPISODES IN RENAL ALLOGRAFT RECIPIENTS (1999)

441 IVIG is known to have immunomodulatory properties that are beneficial in the treatment of auto- and alloimmune disorders, although the exact mechanism(s) are unknown. We have recently shown that IVIG treatment is very effective in reversing acute vascular rejection (AVR) episodes in cardiac and renal allograft recipients (Transp. 66: 800-805, 1998). Here we report on a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, trial of IVIG + PS vs. placebo + PS in the treatment of AR in renal allograft recipients. Methods: Patients with a biopsy-proven diagnosis of AR (87% acute cellular rejection [ACR, ACR + CR], or AVR 13%) received PS + IVIG (#8) (dose: 2gm/kg Gamimune® N-10% SD given at diagnosis and 1M) or PS + placebo (#15)(equivalent volumes of 0.1% albumin at diagnosis and 1M). The study was balanced for race, sex, antigen mismatches and PRA status. All patients in the IVIG group were first transplants while 3/15 in the placebo were 2nd transplants. After entry into the study, serum Cr, graft and patient survival were determined at 3, 6 and 12 M. The number of subsequent AR episodes and need for OKT3 was analyzed. Result: Only 8 patients were entered into the IVIG group due to drug shortages. The mean follow-up for the IVIG group was 13.1 ± 10 M and was 12.1 ± 8 M in the placebo group. The graft and patient survival in the IVIG group was 100% at 1 year, while the graft and patient survival in the placebo group at 1 year was 87.5%. The mean serum Cr values (mg/dl) are as follows: Placebo: 3 M: 1.93 ± 2.0, 6 M: 2.65 ± 2.1, 12 M: 2.18 ± 1.1. IVIG: 3 M: 1.88 ± 0.59, 6 M: 1.5 ± 0.47, 12M: 1.46 ± 0.48 (p=0.07, NS). Two of eight patients in the IVIG group and 1/15 in the placebo required OKT3. The graft losses in the placebo group were due to AVR. No patients in the IVIG group had subsequent rejection episodes while 1 patient in the placebo group did. One patient in the placebo group had CMV infection while none in the IVIG group did. The two patient deaths in the placebo group were due to gram (−) sepsis. Conclusions: 1). In this pilot study, IVIG + PS used to treat primarily ACR appeared to improve graft survival at 1 year and resulted in better mean sCr at all points tested, but data were not statistically significant. 2). Recurrent rejection episodes were not seen in the IVIG group and were rare in the placebo. 3). No deaths or infectious complications were observed in the IVIG group. 4). Although preliminary, these observations suggest IVIG added to PS for treatment of AR may have benefits for improving long-term graft survival. Larger, multicenter trials of this approach will help define its usefulness.
Intra-patient intra-tumoral immune heterogeneity is evident at progression on targeted therapy and immunotherapy for melanoma (2014)

Meeting abstracts There have been significant advances in the treatment of melanoma via the use of targeted therapy and immunotherapy, however a significant proportion of patients still progress on treatment. Intense research efforts are underway to better understand resistance, and multiple
Principles of Pediatric Patient Safety: Reducing Harm Due to Medical Care (2019)

Pediatricians render care in an increasingly complex environment, which results in multiple opportunities to cause unintended harm. National awareness of patient safety risks has grown since the National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) published its report "To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System" in 1999. Patients and society as a whole continue to challenge health care providers to examine their practices and implement safety solutions. The depth and breadth of harm incurred by the practice of medicine is still being defined as reports continue to reveal a variety of avoidable errors, from those that involve specific high-risk medications to those that are more generalizable, such as patient misidentification and diagnostic error. Pediatric health care providers in all practice environments benefit from having a working knowledge of patient safety language. Pediatric providers should serve as advocates for best practices and policies with the goal of attending to risks that are unique to children, identifying and supporting a culture of safety, and leading efforts to eliminate avoidable harm in any setting in which medical care is rendered to children. In this Policy Statement, we provide an update to the 2011 Policy Statement "Principles of Pediatric Patient Safety: Reducing Harm Due to Medical Care."
Advanced Test Reactor Core Modeling Update Project Annual Report for Fiscal Year 2010 (2010)

Legacy computational reactor physics software tools and protocols currently used for support of Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) core fuel management and safety assurance and, to some extent, experiment management are obsolete, inconsistent with the state of modern nuclear engineering practice, and are becoming increasingly difficult to properly verify and validate (V&V). Furthermore, the legacy staff knowledge required for application of these tools and protocols from the 1960s and 1970s is rapidly being lost due to staff turnover and retirements. In 2009 the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) initiated a focused effort to address this situation through the introduction of modern high-fidelity computational software and protocols, with appropriate V&V, within the next 3-4 years via the ATR Core Modeling and Simulation and V&V Update (or “Core Modeling Update”) Project. This aggressive computational and experimental campaign will have a broad strategic impact on the operation of the ATR, both in terms of improved computational efficiency and accuracy for support of ongoing DOE programs as well as in terms of national and international recognition of the ATR National Scientific User Facility (NSUF).
Conclusion (2000)

Abstract This chapter presents some conclusions about the Oslo Accords. Among these is that the Accords are legally binding instruments, that neither party has fully complied with the Accords, and that the Accords remain in force. It discusses the broader lessons taught by the Accords about the peaceful settlement of disputes.
Loss of CD34 Expression in Aging Human Choriocapillaris Endothelial Cells (2014)

Structural and gene expression changes in the microvasculature of the human choroid occur during normal aging and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In this study, we sought to determine the impact of aging and AMD on expression of the endothelial cell glycoprotein CD34. Sections from 58 human donor eyes were categorized as either young (under age 40), age-matched controls (> age 60 without AMD), or AMD affected (>age 60 with early AMD, geographic atrophy, or choroidal neovascularization). Dual labeling of sections with Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I lectin (UEA-I) and CD34 antibodies was performed, and the percentage of capillaries labeled with UEA-I but negative for anti-CD34 was determined. In addition, published databases of mouse and human retinal pigment epithelium-choroid were evaluated and CD34 expression compared between young and old eyes. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that while CD34 and UEA-I were colocalized in young eyes, there was variable loss of CD34 immunoreactivity in older donor eyes. While differences between normal aging and AMD were not significant, the percentage of CD34 negative capillaries in old eyes, compared to young eyes, was highly significant (p = 3.8×10(-6)). Endothelial cells in neovascular membranes were invariably CD34 positive. Published databases show either a significant decrease in Cd34 (mouse) or a trend toward decreased CD34 (human) in aging. These findings suggest that UEA-I and endogenous alkaline phosphatase activity are more consistent markers of aging endothelial cells in the choroid, and suggest a possible mechanism for the increased inflammatory milieu in the aging choroid.
Acute findings in an acquired neurosensory dysfunction (2018)

Retrospective review.
MEASURED SPACE CONDITIONING PERFORMANCE OFA VERTICAL-BORE GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP (GSHP) OVER TWELVE MONTHS UNDER SIMULATED OCCUPANCY LOADS (2014)

This paper presents monthly performance metrics of a 7.56 kW (2.16 ton) GSHP serving the space conditioning loads of a 251m2 (2700ft2) residential home with a phase change material in its envelope, and a single vertical-bore 94.5m (310 ft) ground loop. The same ground loop also serviced a ground source heat pump water heater. Envelope characteristics are discussed briefly in the context of reducing thermal losses. Data on entering water temperatures, energy extracted from the ground, energy delivered/removed, compressor electricity use, COP, GSHP run times (low and high compressor stages), and the impact of fan and pump energy consumption on efficiency are presented for each month. Both practical as well as research and development issues are discussed. The findings suggest that GSHPs represent a practical technology option to reduce source energy reduction and greenhouse emissions under the IECC 2012 Standard, as well as the European Union (EU) 2020 target of generating over 25% of heat consumed in the EU from renewable energy.
Three-Phase LLC Battery Charger: Wide Regulation and Improved Light-Load Operation (2020)

Three-phase LLC resonant converters can handle much higher power compared to half-bridge and full-bridge LLC converters, which makes them suitable for levels 2 and 3 battery charger applications. In addition to the unique features of LLC resonant converters, the three-phase structure provides higher power capacity and higher power density at higher power levels in comparison with single-phase structures. Although single-phase LLC resonant converters were thoroughly investigated in the literature for many different applications, limited work has been done on three-phase LLC converters. Unexplored problems with three-phase LLC resonant converters include issues with their limited gain range and also their poor light-load efficiency. In this article, a modified three-phase LLC resonant converter with a new phase-shedding strategy is proposed. With the proposed modified topology and phase-shedding strategy, the wide gain range needed for covering the recovery zone of charging Li-ion batteries is realized. Moreover, with the proposed phase-shedding strategy, a significant efficiency improvement with light-load absorption charging is achieved. A 3-kW prototype was developed to validate the performance of the proposed converter.
Osteoporosis and Inflammation (2008)

Osteoporosis represents a major healthcare burden, affecting approximately 10 million people aged over 50 years in the United States and with another 30 million or more at risk. One of the major contributing factors to osteoporosis is withdrawal of estrogen during menopause in women. Human and animal experiments have implicated pro-inflammatory cytokines as primary mediators of the accelerated bone loss at menopause including interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6. Increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines is associated with osteoclastic bone resorption in a number of disease states including rheumatoid arthritis, periodontitis, and multiple myeloma; estrogen withdrawal is associated with increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and exposure of bone cultures to supernatants from activated leukocytes is associated with increased bone resorption. A major advance has been the discovery of RANKL, its receptor RANK, and the endogenous inhibitor osteoprotegerin. The binding of RANKL to RANK is essential for the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts and mediates the actions of essentially all known stimulators of osteoclastic bone resorption. RANKL expression is heightened in post- compared with pre-menopausal women, and this effect is attenuated by estrogen replacement therapy. RANKL is also a therapeutic target; a human antibody with high specificity and affinity to RANKL is currently under clinical evaluation for the treatment of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women and of metastatic bone disease in cancer patients with bone metastasis. Early data are promising.
Development of IL-33-induced asthmatic airway inflammation in human IL-3/GM-CSF/IL-5-transgenic NOG mice (2017)

Humanized mice are widely used for investigation of various immune diseases. We have previously developed human IL-3/GM-CSF Transgenic (3GM-Tg) NOD/Shi-scid IL2rgnull (NOG) mice, in which a large number of human basophils and mast cells, but not eosinophils can develop after transplantation of human CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells. IL-33, which is an epithelial-derived cytokine, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of asthma. In a murine model of allergic asthma, intratracheally administration of IL-33 induces asthma-like phenotypes, such as eosinophilia , mucus hyperproduction in the airway, and airway hyperresponsiveness, through the induction of TH2 cytokines, which include IL-13 and IL-5, from basophils, mast cells and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2). In this study, we generated human IL-3/GM-CSF/IL-5-Transgenic (3GM5-Tg) mice to examine whether human eosinophils can be recruited to the inflammation sites after an administration of human IL-33. We found a significant number of human eosinophil in bronchial alveolar lavage fluids of 3GM5-Tg mice but not in those of human IL-5-Tg, 3GM-Tg or non-Tg mice. These results demonstrate that human IL-3, GM-CSF, and IL-5 are necessary in inducing human eosinophils and IL-13 producing cells, such as human basophils, mast cells or ILC2. This is the first humanized mouse model, in which human asthmatic pathologies are fully recapitulated.
Design a high-frequency-fed unity power-factor AC-DC power converter for wireless power transfer application (2015)

This paper presents the design procedures of an unity-power-factor AC-DC power converter for wireless power transfer application. This newly proposed AC-DC converter consists of two stages: the PFC front stage uses LC series resonant circuit to perform power factor conditioning and the second stage uses a DC-DC converter to regulate the output voltage. New equations to describe the input impedance and power transfer characteristics of the converter have been developed. These new equations are used to formulated the design procedures of the converter. To verify, a proof-of-concept prototype is built and incorporated into a two coils wireless power transfer system. The system operates at 100 kHz to deliver 20 W to a remote load with a separation distance of 7.5 cm between the transmitter and receiver. The measured results are well agreed with the design specifications and theoretical anticipation.
Fatal Pulmonary Failure Attributable to Viral Pneumonia With Human Herpes Virus 6 (HHV6) in a Young Immunocompetent Woman (2005)

Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) attributable to viral pneumonia is described mainly in immunodeficient persons. ARDS caused by human herpes virus 6 (HHV6) is extremely rare, and to our knowledge only 1 case has been reported in the literature. We present the case of a young woman who developed fatal pulmonary failure most probably attributable to HHV6 pneumonia.