gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) of the tumor bed only for breast cancer : technique and outcome (2001)

Background. Recent published reports have demonstrated that not all patients with early stage breast cancer need the entire breast irradiated for local control of their disease. To address the difficulties of several weeks of irradiation treatment, investigators have utilized different radiation techniques and treatment schedules that reduce the overall treatment time without compromising outcome. Patients and methods. An analysis was made of 7 patients treated on protocol with local intraoperative radiation (IORT) alone to the lumpectomy site after surgery with or without axillary dissection. All patients received IORT with 120 kV x-rays to the tumor bed at the time of resection. Doses ranged from 1500 cGy to 2000 cGy. Three patients were stage I, two stage IIA, and two stage IIB. Results. With a mean follow up of 123 months (range 86 to 139 months), two of seven patients developed a local recurrence which were treated with mastectomy. The disease specific survival is 100% and overall survival is 86% with one patient being dead without disease. The cosmetic outcome of the 5 patients with their treated breast remaining have expressed satisfaction with the results. No treatment related complications have occurred. Conclusions. The results of our pilot study support the findings that not all patients with early stage breast cancer need the entire breast irradiated for durable local control of their disease. However, patient numbers in this study are low and any conclusions need further evaluation with larger trials.
Dispersion-penalty-free transmission over 130-km standard fiber using a 1.55-μm, 10-Gb/s integrated EA/DFB laser with low-extinction ratio and negative chirp (1996)

Transmission performance of a 10-Gb/s integrated electroabsorption modulator/DFB laser has been evaluated in terms of the eye margin degradation and the receiver sensitivity penalty caused by the chromatic dispersion in the standard (non-DSF) fiber. Combination of low extinction ratio (/spl epsi/=5 dB) and negative chirp (/spl Delta/v=-0.01 nm) operation allows 10-Gb/s transmission over 130-km standard fiber without any dispersion penalty in receiver sensitivity (for 10/sup -9/ BER) and with a 7% eye margin for 10/sup -15/ BER.
AAV2/8 Vectors Purified from Culture Medium with a Simple and Rapid Protocol Transduce Murine Liver, Muscle, and Retina Efficiently (2013)

During the production of some adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotypes, a large amount of vectors is found in the medium of producing cells. For their purification, previous protocols used tangential flow filtration (TFF) of the medium followed by iodixanol gradient centrifugation. Taking advantage of the higher purity of the medium than the cell-derived material as the source of AAV, we tested a simple method that combines production of large culture medium volumes containing AAV from cell stacks with medium clarification+TFF without further time-consuming and nonscalable centrifugation. To test this, we selected AAV2/8, which is emerging as a favored serotype for transduction of liver, muscle, and retina and abundantly found in the extracellular medium. We show that yields and in vitro infectivity of AAV2/8 vectors produced from the culture medium using this method are higher than those of vectors purified from the same cell lysate using a conventional CsCl2 gradient ultracentrifugation-based method, although purity appears inferior. In addition, we found that the transduction efficiency of AAV2/8 purified from medium was similar to that of AAV2/8 purified from the same cell lysate in the murine liver, muscle, and retina. Considering that the purification protocol from the medium we describe requires 3 hr as opposed to the 63 hr of a conventional two-round CsCl2-gradient ultracentrifugation+desalting, we conclude that TFF of the medium containing AAV2/8 represents a quick and scalable method to purify research-grade vectors for use in animal models.
The Impact of Exacerbation History on the Safety and Efficacy of Aclidinium in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Increased Cardiovascular Risk: ASCENT-COPD Trial (2021)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01966107.
STAT3 upregulates the protein expression and transcriptional activity of β-catenin in breast cancer. (2010)

The expression of β-catenin detectable by immunohistochemistry has been reported to be prognostically important in breast cancer. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which β-catenin is regulated in breast cancer cells. Our analysis of the gene promoter of β-catenin revealed multiple putative STAT3 binding sites. In support of the concept that STAT3 is a transcriptional regulator for β-catenin, results from our chromatin immunoprecipitation studies showed that STAT3 binds to two of the three potential STAT3-binding sites in the gene promoter of β-catenin (-856 and -938). Using our generated MCF-7 cell clones that carry an inducible STAT3C construct, we found that the expression levels of STAT3C significantly correlated with the transcriptional activity of β-catenin. Similar observations were made when we subjected two breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and BT-474) to STAT3 knock-down or transient gene transfection of STAT3C. Using immunohistochemistry, we found that pSTAT3 and β-catenin significantly correlated with each other (p=0.003, Fisher's exact test) in a cohort of primary breast tumors (n=129). To conclude, our results support the concept that STAT3 upregulates the protein expression and transcriptional activity of β-catenin in breast cancer, and these two proteins may cooperate with each other in exerting their oncogenic effects in these tumors.
The Kinase, SH3, and SH2 Domains of Lck Play Critical Roles in T-Cell Activation after ZAP-70 Membrane Localization (1996)

Antigenic stimulation of the T-cell antigen receptor initiates signal transduction through the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs). When its two tyrosines are phosphorylated, ITAM forms a binding site for ZAP-70, one of the cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinases essential for T-cell activation. The signaling process that follows ZAP-70 binding to ITAM has been analyzed by the construction of fusion proteins that localize ZAP-70 to the plasma membrane. We found that membrane-localized forms of ZAP-70 induce late signaling events such as activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells without any stimulation. This activity was observed only when Lck was expressed and functional. In addition, each mutation that affects the function of Lck in the kinase, Src homology 2 (SH2), and SH3 domains greatly impaired the signaling ability of the chimeric protein. Therefore, Lck functions in multiple manners in T-cell activation for the steps following ZAP-70 binding to ITAM.
Nuclear safeguards applications of energy-dispersive absorption edge densitometry (1980)

The principles and techniques of absorption edge densitometry in the energy-dispersive mode are summarized as they apply to the nondestructive assay of special nuclear materials. Five existing field instruments, designed for special nuclear materials accounting measurements, are described. Results of the testing of these instruments as well as recent laboratory results are used to define the capabilities of the technique for special nuclear materials accounting. Possibilities for future applications are reviewed. 14 figures.
Evaluation of Risk Factors for Laryngeal Edema after Tracheal Extubation in Adults and Its Prevention by Dexamethasone A Placebo-controlled, Double-blind, Multicenter Study (1992)

Because laryngeal edema (LE) after tracheal extubation is likely to result from an exudative response, corticosteroids often are given routinely as a preventive treatment. No adequate controlled study supports this strategy, however. A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter trial that included 700 consecutive patients requiring tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation was conducted to determine risk factors for LE occurrence after tracheal extubation in adults and to evaluate the efficacy of corticosteroids in its prevention. One hour before extubation, patients were given either an intravenous bolus of 8 mg dexamethasone or a placebo. Patients were divided into two groups: 1) those in whom short-duration intubation (SDI, less than 36 h) was administered; and 2) those in whom long-duration intubation (LDI, more than 36 h) was administered. Minor LE was diagnosed when either stridor or laryngeal dyspnea, or both, occurred; major LE was diagnosed when reintubation due to LE was required, with LE evidenced during direct laryngoscopy. The overall incidence of LE was 4.2% and varied among the six participating centers from 2.3 to 6.9% (not significant). In only seven patients (1%), all with LDI, was tracheal reintubation required for LE. Laryngeal edema occurred more frequently after LDI than after SDI (7.2 vs. 0.9%; P less than 0.001). It also was more frequent in female than in male patients (20/284 vs. 8/379; P less than 0.05), irrespective of intubation duration and treatment. There was no association between LE and either difficulty/route of intubation or admission diagnosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Le carbone dur pour les batteries Na-ion : de la synthèse aux performances et mécanismes de stockage (2021)

International audience
Coexistence of Merons with Skyrmions in the Centrosymmetric Van Der Waals Ferromagnet Fe5–xGeTe2 (Adv. Mater. 17/2023) (2023)

2D Magnets In article number 2212087, Luis Balicas and co-workers investigate topological spin structures detected in Fe5−xGeTe2, or the coexistence of planar spin vortices containing merons at their center with skyrmions. Their simulations reveal that the coexistence of merons with skymions originates from regions of in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy, respectively.
Silver nanowire: Synthesis, conductivity improvement and application to pressure sensor (2014)

Silver nanowires (AgNWs) are synthesized with various lengths and diameters depending on the reaction parameters and the stirring speed in polyol process. AgNWs > 80 μm in length are prepared at 110 °C without stirring, while shorter wires with only 20~30 μm even below 5 μm become the main products at reaction temperature from 160 to 200 °C. These AgNWs are then simply washed with several solvents in order to decrease the thickness of PVP layer adsorbed on the surface of wires to achieve low contact resistivity between the wires. Transparent electrodes based these silver nanowire with low sheet resistance of 10 Ω/□ and high transmittance of 85% are achieved and further applied to flexible transparent pressure sensor with a rapid correspond from 0 nF to finite value depending on the compressive stress applied, showing excellent repeatable and stable response sensitivity.
Search forB→J/ψDdecays (2005)

We report a search for B -&gt; J/psi D decays, based on a sample of 124 10^6 BBbar events collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II storage ring of the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. No significant signal is found. We obtain upper limits on the branching fractions of 0.6 10^{-5} for B0 -&gt; J/psi D0bar and 6 10^{-5} for B+ -&gt; J/psi D+ at 90% confidence level.
ML-performance of low-density parity check codes (2002)

In this paper, we derive the maximum likelihood (ML) performance for low-density parity check (LDPC) codes, considering BPSK and QPSK transmission over a Gaussian channel. We compare the theoretical ML performance with the performance of the iterative decoding algorithm. It turns out that the performance of the iterative decoding algorithm is close to the ML performance when the girth of the code is sufficiently high. When the girth of the code is equal to or smaller than 6, the decoding algorithm performs sub-optimal: the bit error rate (BER) obtained with the iterative decoding algorithm is much higher than the optimal BER that can be obtained when using ML decoding.
GyroWand: An Approach to IMU-Based Raycasting for Augmented Reality (2016)

Optical see-through head-mounted displays enable augmented reality (AR) applications that display virtual objects overlaid on the real world. At the core of this new generation of devices are low-cost tracking technologies that allow us to interpret users' motion in the real world in relation to the virtual content for the purposes of navigation and interaction. The advantages of pervasive tracking come at the cost of limiting interaction possibilities, however. To address these challenges the authors introduce GyroWand, a raycasting technique for AR HMDs using inertial measurement unit (IMU) rotational data from a handheld controller.
Optimizing classical risk scores to predict complications in head and neck surgery: a new approach (2020)

Despite the insufficient value of these risk calculators when analysed individually, we designed a risk tool combining them which better predicts the risk of serious complications.
Internal transitions of a deep level defect in GaN studied by photoluminescence and optically detected magnetic resonance (1999)

Internal transitions of a deep level defect in GaN studied by photoluminescence and optically detected magnetic resonance
Practical experiences with a pressurized lautering system. (1997)

The literature on the use of carbon dioxide in lautering is rather limited. Our paper looks at the application of carbon dioxide pressure during lautering for the production of unpasteurized lager beer compared to unpressurized control brews on a large system consisting of 16,500 Kg. of grist. Differences in filtration rates, brewhouse yield and wort chemistry during filtration as well as in the final wort will be discussed. These brews were followed throughout the fermentation and aging processes. The final beer chemistry, flavor and flavor stability were compared. Conclusions will be presented that will cover the potential productivity (e.g. brews per day) as well as product quality impacts resulting from the use of carbon dioxide in lautering.
REASONING ON DATA STREAMS FOR SITUATION AWARENESS (2011)

Information overload is a severe problem for human operators of large-scale control systems, for instance, in road traffic management. In order to determine a complete and coherent view of the overall situation (i. e., gain situation awareness), an operator of such a system must consider various heterogeneous sources providing streams of information about a large number of real-world objects. Since the usage of ontologies has been regarded to be beneficial for achieving situation awareness, various ontology-driven situation awareness systems have been proposed. Coping with evolving and volatile individuals in ontologies, however, has not been their focus up to now. In this paper, we describe how concepts from data stream management systems and stream reasoning, such as sliding windows, continuous queries, and incremental reasoning, can be adjusted to support reasoning over highly dynamic ontologies for situation awareness. We conclude our paper with a prototypical implementation and a discussion of lessons learned, pointing to directions of future work.
Sensing human hand motions for controlling dexterous robots (1988)

The Dexterous Hand Master (DHM) system is designed to control dexterous robot hands such as the UTAH/MIT and Stanford/JPL hands. It is the first commercially available device which makes it possible to accurately and confortably track the complex motion of the human finger joints. The DHM is adaptable to a wide variety of human hand sizes and shapes, throughout their full range of motion.
ATV/r‐based regimens: durable virological suppression and good tolerability as switch strategy from NNRTI‐containing regimens in a real‐life cohort (2012)

Current therapeutic options for the treatment of HIV provide high rates of virological suppression and good tolerability. However, as long‐term treatment success has become a realistic goal, data evaluating the long‐term efficacy and safety of switching strategies become more needed. The purpose of this sub‐analysis is to describe the long‐term outcomes of ATV/r regimens after switching from combinations containing non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) in a clinical setting. Non‐comparative, retrospective study including data from 3 European databases (France – DatAids, Germany‐KompNet, Sweden‐InfCare). Data from antiretroviral (ARV)‐experienced adults starting an ATV/r‐regimen between October 2004‐March 2007 were extracted every 6‐months (maximum follow‐up 5 years). Time to virological failure (VF) was analysed by the Kaplan‐Meier method. Reasons for discontinuation and safety data were also collected. Of 1294 patients analysed, 250 switched from a NNRTI‐based regimen. Patients were predominantly male (74%); median age 42 years (min, max: 23, 85); prior ARV exposure: median 5.0 years. At baseline (BL), 56% of patients had HIV‐1 RNA&lt;500 c/mL and 31% had&lt;50 c/mL; median (min, max) CD4 cell count: 388 (6, 1299) cells/mm3. After 3‐year follow‐up, the probability of not having VF was 79% (95% CI 65–88%) and 62% (95% CI 52%–70%) for patients with BL HIV‐1 RNA&lt;or≥50 c/mL, respectively. The most frequent reasons for discontinuation were “unknown” (18%) and adverse events (8%). Hyperbilirubinemia was reported as reason for discontinuation in only 2 patients. In a clinical setting, switching from NNRTI to ATV/r‐based regimen is associated with sustained virological suppression and good tolerability. Time to virological failure (2 consecutive HIV‐1 RNA≥50 c/mL or 1 HIIV‐1 RNA≥50 c/mL followed by discontinuation). image
Evaluation of Taurine as an Osmotic Agent for Peritoneal Dialysis Solution (2009)

These results indicate that PD-taurine resulted in net UF equivalent to that of PD-glucose and was more biocompatible than PD-glucose with respect to the peritoneal membrane.
Impact of Different Texture of Polypropylene Mesh on the Inflammatory Response (2008)

Over the past decade, hernia surgery has undergone a considerable transformation with the use of prosthetic materials. The most used polypropylene meshes induce a rapid acute inflammatory response followed by chronic foreign body reaction. Many factors influence this response such as density, size, physical characteristics, different texture and porosity of each biomaterial. The aim of this study is to assess whether the implant of monofilament or multifilament meshes, in the inguinal hernioplasty, determine a different inflammatory response. Thirty-two male patients were included in the study and were randomly divided into two groups. In the first group (MO) inguinal hernioplasty was performed using monofilament polypropylene mesh, while in the second one (MU) multifilament prosthesis was used. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected 24 hours before surgery and then 6, 24, 48 and 168 hours post-operatively. Modifications in leukocyte count, C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha-1 antitrypsin (alpha1-AT), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-1 ra and IL-10 serum levels were recorded at all sampling times. We present evidence that serum levels of CRP, (alpha1-AT), leukocytes and cytokines were significantly increased post-operatively in both groups, returning to basal values 168 hours afterwards. In particular, the production of all pro-inflammatory mediators was higher in the MU group, whereas the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10, IL-1ra) production was higher in MO patients. Our results indicate that polypropylene multifilament mesh allows a higher intense acute inflammatory response as compared to monofilament mesh implantation.
Comparative fermentation of insoluble carbohydrates in an in vitro human feces model spiked with Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM (2012)

Abstract Dietary fiber and slow carbohydrates can have differential beneficial effects on gut microbial composition and metabolism. Insoluble substrates such as RS cannot be used in continuous simulation systems and we tested an in vitro batch fermentation system for possible prebiotic effects using waxy maize starch granules, pectin‐rich potato fiber, and potato lintner starch tested with human fresh fecal microbiota spiked with the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM. Microbial quantification by real‐time polymerase chain‐reaction (qRT‐PCR) revealed that Bacteroidetes was specifically suppressed by each insoluble carbohydrate resulting in a clear decrease in the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes . Notably, all carbohydrates tested appeared to block the formation of the potentially harmful branched chain fatty acids (BCFA) fermentation products, but supported lactobacilli growth and increase in lactic acid production. Potato lintner starch had the greatest effect. Insoluble carbohydrates also suppressed production of SCFAs as compared to the control medium. Importantly, potato lintner starch most efficiently suppressed the ratio between the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes and suppressed growth of bifidobacteria, Enterobactericeae and Faecalibacterium prausnizii . Degradative resistance of the lintner starch were linked to these effects. Problems using continuous fermentation systems for insoluble prebiotics and interpretation of batch fermentation data are discussed.
The formation of stoichiometric uranium brannerite (UTi2O6) glass-ceramic composites from the component oxides in a one-pot synthesis (2020)

Brannerite glass-ceramic composites have been suggested as suitable wasteform materials for high-actinide content wastes, but the formation of glass-ceramic composites containing stoichiometric uranium brannerite (UTi2O6) has not been well-studied. Uranium brannerite glass-ceramic composites were synthesised at by a one-pot cold-press and sinter route from the component oxides. As a comparison, two further samples were produced using an alkoxide-nitrate route. A range of compositions with varying molar ratios of uranium and titanium oxides (from 1:2 to 1:3.20) were synthesised, with a range of different heat treatments (1200 °C for 12–48 h, and 1250 °C for 12 h). All compositions were analysed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray near-edge spectroscopy, and found to contain UTi2O6 as the majority crystalline phase forming within a glass matrix of nominal stoichiometry Na2AlBSi6O16. In compositions with UO2:TiO2 ratios of 1:2 and 1:2.28, particles of UO2 were observed in the glass matrix, likely due to dissolution of TiO2 in the glass phase; this was prevented by the addition of excess TiO2. This work demonstrates the suitability of this system to produce highly durable wasteforms with excellent actinide waste loading, even with a simple one-pot process. Some grains of brannerite consist of a UO2 particle encapsulated in a shell of UTi2O6, suggesting that brannerite crystallises around particles of UO2 until either the UO2 is fully depleted, or the kinetic barrier becomes too large for further diffusion to occur. We propose that the formation of brannerite within glass-ceramic composites at lower temperatures than that for pure ceramic brannerite is caused by an increase in the rate of diffusion of the reactants within the glass.