gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antiarrhythmic Actions of Left Stellectomy in Digitalis-Mediated Malignant Ventricular Arrhythmias in the Postinfarcted Canine Heart (1988)

Recently, this laboratory has demonstrated an enhanced susceptibility toward the development of ischemia-related lethal ventricular arrhythmias in the presence of therapeutic serum concentrations of digoxin in conscious dogs after myocardial infarction. The present study was performed to assess the effect of the interruption of cardiac sympathetic influences, via subacute left stellate ganglionectomy (LSGX), on digitalis-mediated ischemic ventricular arrhythmias. Commencing 4-5 days after anterior myocardial infarction, 11 dogs with LSGX and 14 sham controls were administered digoxin (0.0125 mg/kg/day i.v.) for 5-7 consecutive days. At baseline testing, programmed ventricular stimulation failed to initiate ventricular tachycardia in any postinfarction dog entered into this evaluation. After treatment, 11/11 digoxin + LSGX (1.33 +/- 0.10 ng/ml serum digoxin) and 14/14 digoxin-treated sham (1.23 +/- 0.14 ng/ml serum digoxin) dogs remained nonresponsive to programmed stimulation testing. The incidence of arrhythmic mortality in response to subsequent ischemia at a site remote from the infarcted anterior region was greater in the digoxin-treated sham group (1.22 +/- 0.21 ng/ml serum digoxin) than in the digoxin + LSGX group (1.33 +/- 0.10 ng/ml serum digoxin); mortality was 6/10 (60%) digoxin sham vs. 1/10 (10%) digoxin + LSGX, p less than 0.005. The underlying anterior myocardial infarct sizes (% of left ventricle: 6.8 +/- 2.3 vs. 6.6 +/- 1.1) did not differ between the digoxin sham and digoxin + LSGX groups. However, the digoxin sham controls developed larger posterolateral myocardial infarctions than did the digoxin + LSGX animals (% of left ventricle: 27.4 +/- 3.0 vs. 16.7 +/- 2.7, p less than 0.05). Norepinephrine concentrations in posterolateral through posteroseptal ventricular sections were not altered by LSGX in a separate group of digoxin-treated postinfarct dogs. The results suggest that left stellate ganglionectomy may reduce the incidence of digitalis-mediated malignant ventricular arrhythmias during ischemia, possibly due to a reduction in the severity of ischemic injury.
Regulation of human aldoketoreductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) gene expression in the adipose tissue (2008)

Aldoketoreductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) is a functional prostaglandin F synthase and a negative modulator of the availability of ligands for the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma). AKR1C3 expression is known to be associated with adiposity, one of the components of the metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to characterize the expression of AKR1C3 in the adipose tissue and adipocytes and to investigate its potential role in the metabolic syndrome. Using microarray analysis and realtime PCR, we studied the expression of AKR1C3 in adipose tissue samples from obese subjects with or without metabolic complications, during very low calorie diet-induced weight loss, and its expression in isolated human adipocytes of different sizes. The adipose tissue AKR1C3 expression levels were marginally lower in obese subjects with the metabolic syndrome compared with the levels in healthy obese subjects when analyzed using microarray (p = 0.078) and realtime PCR (p < 0.05), suggesting a secondary or compensatory effect. The adipose tissue mRNA levels of AKR1C3 were reduced during and after dietinduced weight-loss compared to the levels before the start of the diet (p < 0.001 at all time-points). The gene expression of AKR1C3 correlated with both adipose tissue mRNA levels and serum levels of leptin before the start of the diet (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). Furthermore, large adipocytes displayed a higher expression of AKR1C3 than small adipocytes (1.5-fold, p < 0.01). In conclusion, adipose tissue AKR1C3 expression may be affected by metabolic disease, and its levels are significantly reduced in response to dietinduced weight loss and correlate with leptin levels.
Determining Vegetative Maturity by Differential Thermal Analyses (1996)

In the past, the laborious and time-consuming method of defoliation was used to determine vegetative maturity (VM) of various deciduous plants. Other methods such as water potential and electrotrical impedence have been explored without a positive response. A change of freezing events of water in plant tissue may be associated with VM. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) was tried to determine if the freezing events of water are related to VM. `Golden Delicious', `Gala', `Red Fuji' and `Antonovka' apple ( Malus domestica Borkh.) trees were used to determine VM by defoliation. Different sets of 1-year-old trees grown in pots in the greenhouse were defoliated weekly from 1 Aug. until it was assured the trees had reached VM. Samples from the same trees were taken for DTA. The trees were observed for regrowth 2 weeks after they were defoliated, and the exothermic patterns from DTA were examined for the appearance of an exotherm at about –35 to –40°C. The comparison of regrowth from trees defoliated from a specific date were compared to the exothermic pattern of the same date. An exotherm appeared between –35 and –40°C ≈2 weeks before the apple trees ceased to show regrowth from the defoliation treatment. The exotherm appeared on 30 Aug. for Antonovka and `Golden Delicious' and regrowth of the trees ceased on 12 Sept. Regrowth ceased on 9 Oct. for `Gala' and `Fuji' preceded by the exotherm on 2 Oct. The conclusion was that the appearance of the exotherm at –35 to –40 °C could be used to determine VM.
Ranking-Based Business Information Processing: Applications to Business Solutions and e-Commerce Systems (2006)

Extracting crucial information in high volume business data efficiently are critical for enterprises to make timely business decisions and adapt accordingly. This paper proposes a novel ranking-based system that applies knowledge models and utility functions. In a case study for monitoring and analyzing automotive failures in aftermarket services, we shed a light on our ranking mechanism that combines objective business metrics and "subjective" domain knowledge. Our experiments using real-world data demonstrate that our methodology is capable of capturing macro view about business performance issues from a small but important fraction of information.
Vibration modes of the violin forced via the bridge and action of the soundpost (1996)

The action of the soundpost in a violin is not well understood and fundamental knowledge is needed. Therefore low-frequency forced modes, operating deflection shapes, 250–600 Hz of a violin were investigated. Harmonic, sine wave, excitation was applied via the bridge (resembling playing) or via the sound from a loudspeaker. The latter excitation gives a reciprocal measure of radiativity. The modes were investigated with TV-holography and electro-acoustical admittance measurements. A carefully selected violin was investigated without soundpost, with soundpost, and with the soundpost position shifted toward the centerline. Answers were sought to three questions: Which are the violin modes forced via the bridge? To what extent do they radiate sound? What is the action of the soundpost? The observed modes were mostly not pure normal modes but mode combinations. Generally there is a nodal line close to the soundpost position of the plates. Schelleng has hypothesized that the main action of the soundpost is to make the violin nonsymmetric. The first top plate mode with soundpost can be looked upon as a combination of the first symmetric top plate mode and the first asymmetric mode without soundpost. The first mode is an efficient radiator and the second mode transfers the string vibrations via the bridge to the top plate efficiently. The asymmetric first mode with the soundpost is thus both excited and radiates sound. Our experimental results make the hypothesis plausible, but show that body (global) modes play an important role too. In the range 500 to 600 Hz, a body mode, C3, constitutes a major part. The C3 mode has a nodal line close to the normal soundpost position and is especially interesting as it seems to form a quality mark of a good violin.
2D Models: Deformable Images (2002)

This chapter contains sections titled: 5.1 Statistical Model, 5.2 Connection to the Deformable-Contour Model, 5.3 Computation, 5.4 Bernoulli Data Model, 5.5 Linearization, 5.6 Applications to Brain Matching, 5.7 Bibliographical Notes and Discussion
Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of typharin analog: 6,8-dihydroxy-7-methyl-3-styryl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin (2013)

Synthesis of the 6-hydroxy-7-methyl analog of typharin (8-dihydroxy-3-styryl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin) isolated from the rhizomes of Typha capensis has been described. Direct condensation of 3,5-dimethoxy-4-methylhomophthalic acid (1) with cinnamoyl chloride at elevated temperature under inert conditions afforded 6,8-dihydroxy-7-methyl-3-styrylisocoumarin (2). Hydrolysis of isocoumarin to keto acid (3) followed by reduction and cyclodehydration of hydroxy acid analog (4) afforded ( ± )-6,8-dimethoxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin (5). Demethylation of the latter using anhydrous aluminum chloride/ethane thiol furnished the title isocoumarin (6). Compounds (1-6) were screened for in vitro antibacterial activity against a representative panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using levofloxacin as the reference drug.
Relaxation enhancing properties of MnDPDP in human myocardium (2004)

MnDPDP gave a significant and prolonged rise in myocardial R1 even at a dose of 5 micromol/kg. The R1-values in the myocardium did not increase linearly with higher doses.
Macrolide antibiotics block autophagy flux and sensitize to bortezomib via endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated CHOP induction in myeloma cells (2013)

The specific 26S proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (BZ) potently induces autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis in multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines (U266, IM-9 and RPMI8226). The macrolide antibiotics including concanamycin A, erythromycin (EM), clarithromycin (CAM) and azithromycin (AZM) all blocked autophagy flux, as assessed by intracellular accumulation of LC3B-II and p62. Combined treatment of BZ and CAM or AZM enhanced cytotoxicity in MM cell lines, although treatment with either CAM or AZM alone exhibited almost no cytotoxicity. This combination also substantially enhanced aggresome formation, intracellular ubiquitinated proteins and induced the proapoptotic transcription factor CHOP (CADD153). Expression levels of the proapoptotic genes transcriptionally regulated by CHOP (BIM, BAX, DR5 and TRB3) were all enhanced by combined treatment with BZ plus CAM, compared with treatment with each reagent alone. Like the MM cell lines, the CHOP+/+ murine embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cell line exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity and upregulation of CHOP and its transcriptional targets with a combination of BZ and one of the macrolides. In contrast, CHOP-/- MEF cells exhibited resistance against BZ and almost completely canceled enhanced cytotoxicity with a combination of BZ and a macrolide. These data suggest that ER stress-mediated CHOP induction is involved in pronounced cytotoxicity. Simultaneously targeting two major intracellular protein degradation systems such as the ubiquitin-proteasome system by BZ and the autophagy-lysosome system by a macrolide antibiotic enhances ER stress-mediated apoptosis in MM cells. This result suggests the therapeutic possibility of using a macrolide antibiotic with a proteasome inhibitor for MM therapy.
Toxicity effects of organosulfur compounds on anaerobic microbial metabolism (1998)

Abstract Four classes of organosulfur compounds were tested for their effects on anaerobic microbial activity as indicated by rates of lactate degradation, nitrate or sulfate reduction, and methanogenesis. Each class consisted of five to eight chemically related compounds that were added concurrently to anaerobic cultures established with an oily sludge inoculum. Effects on anaerobic activities were evaluated at different amounts of the chemicals and were concentration dependent in all cases. Thiophenes and thiols inhibited microbial activity under methanogenic conditions at ≥5 mmol/L; the former compounds had less effect under nitrate-reducing conditions, and the latter had less effect under sulfate-reducing conditions. Thiophenic acids did not influence most microbial processes at the lower concentrations tested (≤0.50 mmol/L). Aromatic sulfides were inhibitory to microbial activity under all three conditions at ≥5 mmol/L and had a greater effect on electron acceptor reduction than lactate oxidation. We conclude that the inhibitory effect of organosulfur compounds on microbial metabolism could potentially influence the assessment of anaerobic biodegradation activities in either the laboratory or anoxic environments.
Deoxygenation of epoxides by metal atom co-condensation (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDeoxygenation of epoxides by metal atom co-condensationJ. A. Gladysz, J. G. Fulcher, and S. TogashiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 22, 3647–3648Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1976https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00884a046RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views129Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (334 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
AMP-activated Protein Kinase Phosphorylation of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 in Endothelium Mitigates Pulmonary Hypertension (2018)

Impaired phosphorylation of ACE2 Ser680 by AMPK in pulmonary endothelium leads to a labile ACE2 and hence is associated with the pathogenesis of PH. Thus, AMPK regulation of the vasoprotective ACE2 is a potential target for PH treatment.
Chemoenzymatic Asymmetric Synthesis of Optically Active Pentane-1,5-diamine Fragments by Means of Lipase-Catalyzed Desymmetrization Transformations (2011)

A novel family of prochiral pentane-1,5-diamines has been efficiently synthesized, possessing stabilities significantly higher than those of corresponding propane-1,3-diamine analogues. Diamines have been later desymmetrized using Pseudomonas cepacia lipase as an efficient biocatalyst for the mono- but also stereoselective protection of one of their amino groups. Reaction parameters such as type and loading of enzyme, temperature, solvent, and acyl donor have been exhaustively analyzed, searching for optimal conditions for the production of interesting optically active nitrogenated compounds. Thus, acylation and alkoxycarbonylation processes have been compared in terms of conversion and enantiomeric excess values. The best results were found in the reaction of prochiral diamines with ethyl methoxyacetate as acyl donor and 1,4-dioxane as solvent, yielding (S)-monoamides in 33-59% isolated yield and 54-99% ee, depending on the aromatic pattern substitution.
[Circulatory consequences of retinal vein occlusions. Advantages of dynamic angiography]. (2002)

BRVO and CRVO have similar alterations of venous flow. Videoangiography can electively show pulsatile venular outflow and reverse diastolic arterial flow, and thus contributes additional information to conventional angiography. Pulsatile venular outflow is probably due to a combination of elevated venous pressure and decreased plasma velocity. Videoangiography provides new insight to the consequences of retinal vein occlusion and will possibly lead to a better understanding of the sequence of events that lead to visual loss.
Study of Edible Ink (2012)

In order to print chromatic color and pattern on the surface of food, medicine and edible materials, and also print on the package of food, medicine and some other produces, the new ink with chromatic color, environmental nontoxic and edible is needed. In this paper, based on the principle of traditional ink, a kind of edible ink is prepared through reasonable materials selection and a larger number of experiments, and studied on its relevant performances. The conclusion indicates that the edible ink has good trait in mobility, thixotropism, color rendering and printability, and can be used as a reference in the future research.
I(sub DDQ) testing and defect classes: A tutorial (1994)

I{sub DDQ} testing of CMOSICs is a technique for production quality and reliability improvement, design validation, and failure analysis. The origin and basic concepts of I{sub DDQ} testing are reviewed. The relationship of I{sub DDQ} testing to other test methods is considered in the context of the whole IC life cycle from design, fabrication, and test through end use. A comprehensive test strategy is described that uses defect classes based on defect electrical properties rather than traditional fault models.
Toward achieving flexible and high sensitivity hexagonal boron nitride neutron detectors (2017)

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) detectors have demonstrated the highest thermal neutron detection efficiency to date among solid-state neutron detectors at about 51%. We report here the realization of h-BN neutron detectors possessing one order of magnitude enhancement in the detection area but maintaining an equal level of detection efficiency of previous achievement. These 3 mm × 3 mm detectors were fabricated from 50 μm thick freestanding and flexible 10B enriched h-BN (h-10BN) films, grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition followed by mechanical separation from sapphire substrates. Mobility-lifetime results suggested that holes are the majority carriers in unintentionally doped h-BN. The detectors were tested under thermal neutron irradiation from californium-252 (252Cf) moderated by a high density polyethylene moderator. A thermal neutron detection efficiency of ∼53% was achieved at a bias voltage of 200 V. Conforming to traditional solid-state detectors, the realization of h-BN epilayers with enhanced electrical transport properties is the key to enable scaling up the device sizes. More specifically, the present results revealed that achieving an electrical resistivity of greater than 1014 Ω⋅cm and a leakage current density of below 3 × 10−10 A/cm2 is needed to fabricate large area h-BN detectors and provided guidance for achieving high sensitivity solid state neutron detectors based on h-BN.
Automated Ki-67 Quantification of Immunohistochemical Staining Image of Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Xenografts (2016)

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is one of the malignant neoplasm with high incidence in China and south-east Asia. Ki-67 protein is strictly associated with cell proliferation and malignant degree. Cells with higher Ki-67 expression are always sensitive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the assessment of which is beneficial to NPC treatment. It is still challenging to automatically analyze immunohistochemical Ki-67 staining nasopharyngeal carcinoma images due to the uneven color distributions in different cell types. In order to solve the problem, an automated image processing pipeline based on clustering of local correlation features is proposed in this paper. Unlike traditional morphology-based methods, our algorithm segments cells by classifying image pixels on the basis of local pixel correlations from particularly selected color spaces, then characterizes cells with a set of grading criteria for the reference of pathological analysis. Experimental results showed high accuracy and robustness in nucleus segmentation despite image data variance. Quantitative indicators obtained in this essay provide a reliable evidence for the analysis of Ki-67 staining nasopharyngeal carcinoma microscopic images, which would be helpful in relevant histopathological researches.
Augmented Reality Learning Experiences: Survey of Prototype Design and Evaluation (2014)

Augmented reality (AR) technology is mature for creating learning experiences for K-12 (pre-school, grade school, and high school) educational settings. We reviewed the applications intended to complement traditional curriculum materials for K-12. We found 87 research articles on augmented reality learning experiences (ARLEs) in the IEEE Xplore Digital Library and other learning technology publications. Forty-three of these articles conducted user studies, and seven allowed the computation of an effect size to the performance of students in a test. In our meta-analysis, research show that ARLEs achieved a widely variable effect on student performance from a small negative effect to a large effect, with a mean effect size of 0.56 or moderate effect. To complement this finding, we performed a qualitative analysis on the design aspects for ARLEs: display hardware, software libraries, content authoring solutions, and evaluation techniques. We explain that AR incur three inherent advantages: real world annotation, contextual visualization, and vision-haptic visualization. We illustrate these advantages through the exemplifying prototypes, and ground these advantages to multimedia learning theory, experiential learning theory, and animate vision theory. Insights from this review are aimed to inform the design of future ARLEs.
High Resolution X-Ray CT Reconstruction of Additively Manufactured Metal Parts using Generative Adversarial Network-based Domain Adaptation in AI-CT (2021)

X-ray computed tomography (XCT) plays a critical role in non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of complex parts in metal additive manufacturing (AM), where characterization of metals in 3D with high spatial resolution is critical for qualification/certification of manufactured parts. However, for metallic objects, beam hardening and metal artifacts pose significant challenges for the analysis of reconstructed images from XCT scanners. This could be further exacerbated due to complex geometry of the part to be scanned as well as the noise and scattering effects in the measurements. Current methods to mitigate the noise and artifacts typically involve very long scan times, making several measurements at localized regions of interests (ROIs) with smaller field of views (FOVs), and development of new algorithm Still, standard approaches produce artifacts for high quality reconstruction of the complex parts being scanned, which make tasks such as detecting pores and defects in the parts very challenging.