gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Functions of Metamorphic Metallothioneins in Zinc and Copper Metabolism (2017)

Recent discoveries in zinc biology provide a new platform for discussing the primary physiological functions of mammalian metallothioneins (MTs) and their exquisite zinc-dependent regulation. It is now understood that the control of cellular zinc homeostasis includes buffering of Zn<sup>2+</sup> ions at picomolar concentrations, extensive subcellular re-distribution of Zn<sup>2+</sup>, the loading of exocytotic vesicles with zinc species, and the control of Zn<sup>2+</sup> ion signalling. In parallel, characteristic features of human MTs became known: their graded affinities for Zn<sup>2+</sup> and the redox activity of their thiolate coordination environments. Unlike the single species that structural models of mammalian MTs describe with a set of seven divalent or eight to twelve monovalent metal ions, MTs are metamorphic. In vivo, they exist as many species differing in redox state and load with different metal ions. The functions of mammalian MTs should no longer be considered elusive or enigmatic because it is now evident that the reactivity and coordination dynamics of MTs with Zn<sup>2+</sup> and Cu⁺ match the biological requirements for controlling-binding and delivering-these cellular metal ions, thus completing a 60-year search for their functions. MT represents a unique biological principle for buffering the most competitive essential metal ions Zn<sup>2+</sup> and Cu⁺. How this knowledge translates to the function of other families of MTs awaits further insights into the specifics of how their properties relate to zinc and copper metabolism in other organisms.
X-ray dose delivered during a longitudinal micro-CT study has no adverse effect on cardiac and pulmonary tissue in C57BL/6 mice (2013)

This study demonstrated that a 5 Gy X-ray dose accumulated over 6 weeks during a longitudinal micro-CT study had no significant effects on the pulmonary and myocardial tissue of C57BL/6 mice. As a result, the many advantages of micro-CT imaging, including rapid acquisition of high-resolution, isotropic images in free-breathing mice, can be taken advantage of in longitudinal studies without concern for negative dose-related effects.
Perception of vertical and horizontal orientation in children with scoliosis (2002)

To determine whether the perception of body posture is altered in idiopathic scoliosis, a simple neurophysiologic experiment through laser line projection was conducted to test this hypothesis in three groups of individuals: 89 children with idiopathic scoliosis (IS), 50 children with congenital scoliosis (CS) and 45 controls without scoliosis. The subjects were instructed to adjust a laser line projection to the direction of gravity in vertical and in horizontal projections in a dark environment. The performance, expressed as the deviation from the earth vertical (measured in degrees), was calculated by a computer. The three groups fulfilled the vertical and horizontal adjustments within the same accuracy. No relation with age, sex or severity of scoliotic deformity was found. Yet, the angle between vertical and horizontal laser lines was significantly related with the severity of scoliosis, both in IS and CS. In contrast to our hypothesis, it was concluded that perception of postural control in IS is not altered. Therefore, this study indicates that IS is not likely to be caused by a dysfunction of postural control.
Supplementary Figures 1-2 from Novel Theranostic Opportunities Offered by Characterization of Altered Membrane Lipid Metabolism in Breast Cancer Progression (2023)

Supplementary Figures 1-2 from Novel Theranostic Opportunities Offered by Characterization of Altered Membrane Lipid Metabolism in Breast Cancer Progression
Blockade of Glutamate-Mediated Activity in the Developing Retina Perturbs the Functional Segregation of ON and OFF Pathways (1998)

The dendrites of ganglion cells initially ramify throughout the inner plexiform layer of the developing retina before becoming stratified into ON or OFF sublaminae. This ontogenetic event is thought to depend on glutamate-mediated afferent activity, because treating the developing retina with the glutamate analog 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (APB), which hyperpolarizes ON cone bipolar cells and rod bipolar cells, thereby preventing their release of glutamate, effectively arrests the dendritic stratification process. To assess the functional consequences of this manipulation, extracellular recordings were made from single cells in the A laminae of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus and from the optic tract in mature cats that had received intraocular injections of APB during the first postnatal month. Such recordings revealed that stimulation of the APB-treated eye evoked both ON as well as OFF discharges in 37% of the cells tested. (As expected, when the normal eye was activated, virtually all cells yielded only ON or OFF responses.) The proportion of ON-OFF cells found here corresponds closely to the incidence of multistratified dendrites observed previously in anatomical studies of APB-treated cat retinas. This suggests that the ganglion cells with multistratified dendrites receive functional inputs from ON as well as OFF cone bipolar cells. This interpretation is further supported by the finding that the proportion of ON-OFF cells was very similar in the geniculate layer innervated by the treated eye and in the optic tract. The cells activated by the APB-treated eye were also found not to show response suppression when flashing stimuli of increasing size were used. This suggests that exposing the developing retina to APB perturbs the neural circuitry mediating the antagonistic center-surround organization found in normal receptive fields. The functional changes evident after treating the developing retina with APB suggest that it should now be feasible to assess how the segregation of ON and OFF retinal pathways relates to organizational features at higher levels of the visual system, such as orientation selectivity in cortical cells.
The production method affects the efficacy of platelet derivatives to expand mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro (2017)

The method used to release platelet factors significantly affects the enrichment in growth factors and overall product performance. The standardization of the production process of platelet derivatives and the definition of their release criteria requires further investigation.
Copper(II)-Catalyzed Aminohydroxylation of Olefins (2007)

We report a novel copper(II)-catalyzed aminohydroxylation in which both heteroatoms of an N-sulfonyl oxaziridine are added across an alkene in a regioselective fashion. A variety of styrenes and electron-rich alkenes can be aminohydroxylated using this protocol. Preliminary investigations indicate that this new process is a rare non-oxenoid reaction of N-sulfonyl oxaziridines, involving a stepwise, polar mechanism rather than a concerted process.
Incentive Provision and Pro-Social Behaviors (2017)

Individuals’ pro-social behaviors are driven by altruistic and selfish motivations. In this paper we explore how the introduction of external incentives would influence one’s pro-social behavior both in the short term and in the long run. Using a large data set on Amazon product reviews, we design a quasi-experimental approach where we combine a propensity score matching (PSM) and a difference-in-differences (DiD) method to empirically study the effect of incentive provision on reviewer’s behavior. We apply techniques from linguistics, language processing, and machine learning to propose several novel measures to capture reviews’ writing style and quality. We find evidences consistent with crowding-out and overjustification effects. Our study contributes to the understanding of pro-social behavior and sheds light on how incentives would shift individual behavior.
2014 Ionic Liquids Gordon Research Conference (2014)

Final Conference Program & Registration List
Interactions of phospholipids with integral membrane proteins; use of brominated lipids (2005)

efficient drop inspection and analysis, these technological advancements have initiated the development of microplates with low birefringent background (LBR plates) to allow more effective use of polarized light in protein crystal detection. LBR plates are especially beneficial for identification of crystals out of focus, very small microcrystals, microcrystals hidden in or resembling precipitate or phase seperation and crystals located at the edge of droplets or crystallization wells.
Novel glass welding technique for hermetic encapsulation (2014)

Conventional glass bonding methods do not fill all the requirements set by the industry. A novel hermetic room temperature glass welding technology was investigated. The aim was to avoid additive materials and multistep manufacturing process as well as minimize the heat affect. However, a good quality hermetic, mechanically sound bond was desired. In this study, a temperature cycling test was performed to glass samples welded with this novel technology. Notable advantages of using the novel welding technology were discovered: resistance of rapid temperature changes, excellent mechanical properties, room temperature welding, and hermetic encapsulation can be achieved. Use of only one material ensures that no problems with different temperature coefficients will be appeared. As a result, a newly develop glass welding technology can offer solution for the novel challenges set by the industry.
Ultrasound internal tattooing (2011)

These ultrasound-inducible multiple emulsions could be used to deliver large amounts of contrast agents, chemotherapy, and genetic materials in vivo using a conventional ultrasound scanner.
From Load Forecasting to Demand Response - A Web of Things Use Case (2014)

This paper provides a Web of Things use case from a personalized load forecasting service to a gamified demand response program. Combining real-world measuring applications with web-based applications opens new opportunities to the smart grid. For this purpose, we propose a Web of Things framework for a novel load forecasting process at the appliance level. Firstly, we illustrate the concept design of the Web of Things framework consisting of the sensing infrastructure, the activity recognition and the load forecasting modules. Secondly, we show how we guarantee the modularity and flexibility for implementing all the three modules in a web-based manner. On top of our infrastructure, we propose an extended Web of Things use case by integrating our load forecasting approach into a demand response concept.
Automatic Recognition of Complete Atrioventricular Activity in Fetal Pulsed-Wave Doppler Signals (2018)

Echocardiography is the gold standard for antenatal cardiological assessment. However, the adoption of this technique is challenging, since it is intrinsically operator-dependent and because of the different confounding factors related to the fetal heart size, the fetal movements and the ultrasound artifacts. Among the different options, fetal echocardiography is widely used, concurring to an early diagnosis of several cardiac pathologies. In this work, a neural network-based algorithm targeted at the identification of the most important features of Doppler fetal echocardiography videos is presented and evaluated on real signals. Compared to other approaches, the proposed algorithm works on a couple of ID signals, representing the pulse-wave Doppler envelope extracted from the video, thus preserving a Iightweight approach. For the validation, a small dataset was created, including recordings from five voluntary pregnant women 21<sup>st</sup> to 27<sup>th</sup> gestational week), for a total of 20 records, 10 seconds each. The dataset was annotated by an expert cardiologist in order to identify the epochs of the signal where a complete readable cardiac cycle could be identified. The performance of the method was evaluated through a 5-fold cross-validation. An average accuracy up to 88% was obtained, confirming the validity of the proposed approach and paving the way to future improvements of the technique.
Complementarities and spillovers in mergers: an empirical investigation using patent data (2011)

We investigate the merger behavior of firms in the plant biotechnology sector using firm-level patent data for public and private firms in the 1980s and 1990s. Conditional logit estimation is used to estimate the probability that the firms will match in mergers and spinoffs. We calculate several patent portfolio-based measures of complementarity and spillovers between firms, and find that both are important to defining a good match of acquirer and target. However, complementarities provide the more robust explanation. The mergers and spinoffs observed in plant biotechnology may have been designed to overcome the anti-commons problem of mutually blocking technology, an extreme form of complementarity. Our results highlight the need to integrate patent and competition policy.
Active surveillance or early resection for ground‐glass nodules that need preoperative localization (2020)

The pathological findings were similar for GGNs in the early resection and active surveillance groups. However, rates of malignancy and invasive carcinoma increased in the group that manifested growth during active surveillance.
Structures and Properties of a New κ-Type Organic Metal: (CPEO-TTP)(SbF6)0.4 (1999)

Recent discoveries of new radical-cation salts based on extended tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) systems and TTF dimers have stimulated considerable interest in the synthesis of new π-electron donors. Construction of κ-type organic metals is of particular interest because many κ-type metals exhibit superconductivity. The synthesis of a κ-type organic metal based on a new tetrathiapentalene (TTP) derivative, CPEO-TTP, is reported. The structure and electrical properties of several CPEO-TTP salts are described.
SU‐E‐T‐38: An Overlap‐Wall‐Histogram Plan Quality Classifier for Automatic Prostate Cancer IMRT Treatment Plan Quality Control (2014)

Purpose: A new patient geometry descriptor, PTV and a hollow organ overlapping wall histogram (OWH), is proposed to combine with dose to wall histogram (DWH) to develop a plan quality classification model for automatic prostate IMRT plan quality assessment and improvement. Methods: In this study, we define a geometric metric named COP (closeness of an OAR to PTV) to quantify the difficulty of patient geometry for planning and a dosimetric metric named DSO (dose spillage over an OAR) to evaluate treatment plan quality in terms of OAR dose sparing. COP and DSO are defined as the weighted sum of OWH and DWH respectively. Fifteen clinically acceptable prostate treatment plans were selected to study the correlation between COP and DSO. After plotting COP as X axis and DSO as Y axis, a linear correlation was established and the entire space is classified into high and poor plan quality regions by a linear fitting with these COP‐DSO pairs. This proposed classifier is evaluated with other 25 prostate plans. Any evaluation plan falling into the poor plan quality region will be re‐planned, and the re‐planning can be guided by a selected reference plan having similar COP but lower DSO values. Re‐planned high‐quality plans will be added to database, affording more options during reference plan selection. Results: Using our classification model, 8 out of 25 plans are identified as poor quality plans. After re‐planning, the dose volume for bladder wall W 7 5 (wall receiving more than 75Gy),W 7 0 ,W 6 5 and W 6 0 can be reduced by 3.34%, 3%, 6.99%, 6.54% for the worst quality plan and 1.11%, 0.95%, 1.45% and 1.81% averaged over 8 plans, without sacrificing PTV coverage and rectum dose sparing. Conclusion: Our proposed model is capable to identify poor quality plans and find a specific reference plan to guide re‐planning, thus improve plan quality.
Editorial: The kidney in auto-immune and auto-inflammatory processes: Definitions, mechanisms, and biomarkers (2023)

The kidney in auto-immune and auto-inflammatory processes: Definitions, mechanisms, and biomarkers Autoimmune and autoinflammatory processes represent the starting mechanism of renal damage in a number of pathologies of the kidney.Autoimmune processes include diseases in which autoantibodies represent the major pathogenic mediator of lesions that, in general, involve glomeruli; auto-inflammatory conditions are, instead, characterized by the activation of an inflammatory cascade diffuse to all the renal compartments that may occur as a manifestation of genetic background or, more frequently, as the result of an inflammatory trigger.There are some overlaps between autoimmunity and inflammation in the mechanisms that lead to renal damage: a clear distinction between the two processes does not exist and it makes sense to attempt a classification only for clinical purposes.Systemic Lupus erythematosus (SLE) with lupus nephritis (LN), anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated renal vasculitis and membranous nephropathy (MN) are representative of the autoimmune group.Inflammatory and auto-inflammatory diseases that can involve the kidney include rarer conditions such as IgG4 related pathologies, PFAPA, and hemophagocytic syndromes, which are characterized by a diffuse process in which the kidney is one of the target organs but other manifestations may occur.IgA vasculitis (formerly Henoch-Schnlein purpura) with glomerulonephritis is a condition with still unclear pathogenesis that is characterized by multisite localizations of the vasculitic process (with deposition of IgA mainly in skin and kidneys) and active inflammatory elements present at both sites (Figure 1).This Research Topic of Frontiers has the ambitious aim to cover at least some of the above issues including either pathogenetic mechanisms and clinical aspects.The selection of articles includes (1) a larger section addressing classical autoimmune diseases (SLE/LN and ANCA associated vasculitis) with the proposal of new classification criteria for Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA), a condition between ANCA-associated vasculitis Frontiers in Medicine frontiersin.org
SLA-Based Coordinated Superscheduling Scheme for Computational Grids (2006)

The service level agreement (SLA) based grid superscheduling approach promotes coordinated resource sharing. Superscheduling is facilitated between administratively and topologically distributed grid sites via grid schedulers such as resource brokers and workflow engines. In this work, we present a market-based SLA coordination mechanism, based on a well known contract net protocol. The key advantages of our approach are that it allows: (i) resource owners to have finer degree of control over the resource allocation which is something that is not possible with traditional mechanisms; and (ii) superschedulers to bid for SLA contracts in the contract net, with focus on completing a job within a user specified deadline. In this work, we use simulation to show the effectiveness of our proposed approach
The vibrational behaviour of bladed disks with multiple coupling devices (2007)

Abstract In turbomachinery applications turbine blades are subjected to high static and dynamic loads. Static loads are due to centrifugal stresses and thermal strains. Especially the dynamic excitation caused by fluctuating gas forces results in high vibration amplitudes which can lead to high cycle fatigue failures (HCF). Therefore, in practical applications, coupling devices like underplatform dampers, lacing wires and tip shrouds are installed to the structure. In case of blade vibrations the relative displacements between these coupling devices and the blades generate friction forces. The resulting energy dissipation provides additional damping to the structure. Furthermore, coupling devices, in particular tip shrouds, snubbers and lacing wires, increase the stiffness of the structure. Hence, they lead to a shift of the resonance frequencies. So far, only effects of single coupling devices and the influencing properties have been examined. Within this paper the effect of multiple couplings is determined and compared with single couplings. The forced response of turbine bladings with multiple couplings is calculated under consideration of geometrical and mechanical parameters of the blading and contacts, respectively. The results are compared with the single coupled blading. Furthermore, a multiple coupled device with under‐platform damper and connecting pin is compared with respect to his effectiveness. Especially the influence on the resonance frequency and the achievable damping is analysed. The results of the simulation are verified by measurements at a two‐blade non‐rotating test rig with an underplatform damper and connecting pin. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Research of Ni Precision Electroforming Based on the Use of Lacl_3 (2005)

Ni layer were obtained by electrodeposition from a nickel sulfamate solution consisting of Lacl_3 particles. The effects of Lacl_3 particles on the electrodeposition of Ni were studied. The surface of Ni layer was observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and XRD. The results show that the Ni layer is apparently affected by LaCl_3 concentration in electrolyte.
Synthetic studies of cystobactamids as antibiotics and bacterial imaging carriers lead to compounds with high in vivo efficacy (2019)

There is an alarming scarcity of novel chemical matter with bioactivity against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Cystobactamids, recently discovered natural products from myxobacteria, are an exception to this trend. Their unusual chemical structure, composed of oligomeric <i>para</i>-aminobenzoic acid moieties, is associated with a high antibiotic activity through the inhibition of gyrase. In this study, structural determinants of cystobactamid's antibacterial potency were defined at five positions, which were varied using three different synthetic routes to the cystobactamid scaffold. The potency against <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> could be increased ten-fold to an MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of 0.06 μg mL<sup>-1</sup>, and the previously identified spectrum gap of <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> could be closed compared to the natural products (MIC of 0.5 μg mL<sup>-1</sup>). Proteolytic degradation of cystobactamids by the resistance factor AlbD was prevented by an amide-triazole replacement. Conjugation of cystobactamid's N-terminal tetrapeptide to a Bodipy moiety induced the selective localization of the fluorophore for bacterial imaging purposes. Finally, a first <i>in vivo</i> proof of concept was obtained in an <i>E. coli</i> infection mouse model, where derivative <b>22</b> led to the reduction of bacterial loads (cfu, colony-forming units) in muscle, lung and kidneys by five orders of magnitude compared to vehicle-treated mice. These findings qualify cystobactamids as highly promising lead structures against infections caused by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens.
Correlation filters with carrier frequency for multiclass pattern recognition (1998)

Multi-class correlation filters (POF and MACE) with carrier frequency, which are adequate for shift invariant associative memory are analyzed and compared with classical filters.