gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Calorimetric and rheological characterization of a high‐performance epoxy curable at low temperatures (2003)

Abstract Curing and gelation of N , N , N ′, N ′‐tetraglycidyl‐ 4,4′ ‐diaminodiphenylmethane (TGDDM, Araldite ® MY721) in the presence of an anhydride hardener mixture were studied by calorimetric and dynamic rheological measurements. The cure kinetics of the homogeneous and low‐temperature‐curable epoxy system were evaluated from 40 to 140 °C, and the apparent activation energies of the curing reaction were calculated from different thermokinetic models. By comparison of different calorimetric and rheological methods, it was found that the results from the isothermal calorimetric measurements are in good agreement with the results obtained from isothermal rheological experiments, while the kinetic parameter calculations based on dynamic calorimetric measurements are not reliable results. These differences mainly arise from the fact that dynamic measurements have many underlying assumptions and do not consider the equilibrium condition. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Is There a Causal Relation between Maternal Acetaminophen Administration and ADHD? (2016)

This study refutes that hypothesis that prenatal exposure to APAP causes hyperkinetic dysfunction in mouse offspring. Due to lack of accurate assessment of ADHD in murine models, our results should be taken with caution when compared to the reported clinical data.
Prosody conversion from neutral speech to emotional speech (2006)

Emotion is an important element in expressive speech synthesis. Unlike traditional discrete emotion simulations, this paper attempts to synthesize emotional speech by using "strong", "medium", and "weak" classifications. This paper tests different models, a linear modification model (LMM), a Gaussian mixture model (GMM), and a classification and regression tree (CART) model. The linear modification model makes direct modification of sentence F0 contours and syllabic durations from acoustic distributions of emotional speech, such as, F0 topline, F0 baseline, durations, and intensities. Further analysis shows that emotional speech is also related to stress and linguistic information. Unlike the linear modification method, the GMM and CART models try to map the subtle prosody distributions between neutral and emotional speech. While the GMM just uses the features, the CART model integrates linguistic features into the mapping. A pitch target model which is optimized to describe Mandarin F0 contours is also introduced. For all conversion methods, a deviation of perceived expressiveness (DPE) measure is created to evaluate the expressiveness of the output speech. The results show that the LMM gives the worst results among the three methods. The GMM method is more suitable for a small training set, while the CART method gives the better emotional speech output if trained with a large context-balanced corpus. The methods discussed in this paper indicate ways to generate emotional speech in speech synthesis. The objective and subjective evaluation processes are also analyzed. These results support the use of a neutral semantic content text in databases for emotional speech synthesis.
Sparse Fisher Discriminant Analysis for Computer Aided Detection (2005)

We describe a method for sparse feature selection for a class of problems motivated by our work in Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) systems for identifying structures of interest in medical images. We propose a sparse formulation for Fisher Linear Discriminant (FLD) that scales well to large datasets; our method inherits all the desirable properties of FLD, while improving on handling large numbers of irrelevant and redundant features. We demonstrate that our sparse FLD formulation outperforms conventional FLD and two other methods for feature selection from the literature on both an artificial dataset and a real-world Colon CAD dataset.
Postinterview Communication Between Military Residency Applicants and Training Programs (2012)

Postinterview communication during the JSGMESB process is less common and less stressful than that reported in the NRMP. USU respondents are more likely to be asked directly about their rank list and occasionally do change their lists. Uniform guidance mirroring the NRMP's dealing with direct inquiries about rank lists could potentially improve the process.
Sodium insertion reactions into V6O13 single crystals (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSodium insertion reactions into V6O13 single crystalsM. Z. A. Munshi, W. H. Smyrl, and C. SchmidtkeCite this: Chem. Mater. 1990, 2, 5, 530–534Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00011a013https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00011a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views167Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[P4–056]: TDP43 PATHOLOGY HAS INDEPENDENT EFFECTS ON AMYGDALA VOLUME AND SHAPE ABOVE AND BEYOND CONTRIBUTIONS OF ALZHEIMER's PATHOLOGY AND HIPPOCAMPAL SCLEROSIS (2017)

Transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP43) pathology is common in old age, with approximately 50% of older persons showing evidence of the pathology at autopsy. TDP43 pathology has been reported in up to 55% of those with Alzheimer's disease pathology, 90% of hippocampal sclerosis cases, 60% of Lewy body cases, and in other neurodegenerative diseases. TDP43 pathology typically originates in the amygdala, which is commonly affected by other age-related neurodegenerative pathologies. The purpose of this work was to investigate the effects of TDP43 pathology on the volume and shape of the amygdala in a large community cohort of older adults. Cerebral hemispheres were obtained from 208 deceased participants of the Rush Memory and Aging Project and the Religious Orders Study (Fig.1). Hemispheres were imaged ex-vivo on a 3T MRI scanner (0.6 mm3voxels). An experienced observer manually segmented the amygdala on ex-vivo MR images (Fig.2). The volume of the amygdala was measured and normalized by the height of the participant. Shape analysis was conducted using the SPHARM-PDM toolbox. Hemispheres underwent neuropathologic examination by a board-certified neuropathologist (Fig.3). Multiple linear regression was used to investigate the association of amygdala volume and surface parameters with TDP43, Alzheimer's pathology, hippocampal sclerosis, Lewy bodies, gross and microscopic infarcts, atherosclerosis, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and arteriolosclerosis, controlling for age, sex, years of education, postmortem interval to fixation, and postmortem interval to imaging. The normalized amygdala volume was negatively correlated with TDP43 (-25.5, p=0.006), Alzheimer's pathology (-74.2, p<10–4), and hippocampal sclerosis (-92.0, p=0.0009). This suggests that TDP43 has an independent contribution on atrophy of the amygdala. Shape analysis demonstrated unique spatial patterns of atrophy associated with the three pathologies (Fig.4). This work in a community cohort of older adults demonstrated that TDP43 pathology has independent effects on the volume and shape of the amygdala above and beyond the contributions of Alzheimer's pathology and hippocampal sclerosis. Selected demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants. An example of amygdala segmentation for a cerebral hemisphere of one of the participants. Neuropathologic characteristics of the participants. Multiple linear regression of amygdala shape demonstrating statistically significant atrophy of the amygdala due to TDP43 (1st row), Alzheimer's pathology (2nd row), and hippocampal sclerosis (3rd row) (controlling for other neuropathologies and covariates). Red and yellow colors indicate significant effects (uncorrected p<0.05).
Fabrication and Characterization of Microscaled On-Chip Toroidal Inductors (2009)

Microscaled on-chip toroidal inductors with ultrahigh quality factor (Q-factor) at tens of gigahertz have been successfully fabricated and characterized. The toroidal inductors with various diameters and dielectric layer thickness were designed and fabricated with two sets of inclined metal bars with a ring-shaped core of SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> inserted in-between. The frequency-dependent Q-factor and inductance were investigated using a 50-GHz S-parameter measurement system with standard two terminal ground-signal-ground microprobes on a radio-frequency (RF) probe station. The maximum inductance increases with increasing diameter of the inductor due to the enlargement of total magnetic flux. The highest Q-factor of 183 at a frequency of 28.8 GHz was realized in the inductor with diameter of 960 mum and dielectric layers thickness of 5000 nm. In addition, the resonance frequency increases with increasing the dielectric layer thickness owing to a reduction of the parasitic capacitance.
Simulation des fonctions de texture bidirectionnelles (2014)

Le réalisme des objets en infographie exige de simuler adéquatement leur apparence sous divers éclairages et à différentes échelles. Une solution communément adoptée par les chercheurs consiste à mesurer avec l’aide d’appareils calibrés la réflectance d’un échantillon de surface réelle, pour ensuite l’encoder sous forme d’un modèle de réflectance (BRDF) ou d’une texture de réflectances (BTF). Malgré des avancées importantes, les données ainsi mises à la portée des artistes restent encore très peu utilisées. Cette réticence pourrait s’expliquer par deux raisons principales : (1) la quantité et la qualité de mesures disponibles et (2) la taille des données. Ce travail propose de s’attaquer à ces deux problèmes sous l’angle de la simulation. Nous conjecturons que le niveau de réalisme du rendu en infographie produit déjà des résultats satisfaisants avec les techniques actuelles. Ainsi, nous proposons de précalculer et encoder dans une BTF augmentée les effets d’éclairage sur une géométrie, qui sera par la suite appliquée sur les surfaces. Ce précalcul de rendu et textures étant déjà bien adopté par les artistes, il pourra mieux s’insérer dans leurs réalisations. Pour nous assurer que ce modèle répond aussi aux exigences des représentations multi-échelles, nous proposons aussi une adaptation des BTFs à un encodage de type MIP map.
Password Protected Credentials (2010)

Password authentication is a widely used entity authentication means nowadays. In password authentication, the server needs to manage a password file containing all user passwords. This poses a tremendous threat to the safety of the passwords: if the server is compromised, all passwords are immediately disclosed. A common countermeasure to this issue of single point of failure is to deploy multiple servers for secret-sharing of the passwords. In this work, we propose an alternative approach to mitigate this issue, which does not require the deployment of multiple servers. The basic idea of our approach is that the server issues to each user a credential for authentication, and the users protect theircredentials using passwords. A crucial feature is that thepassword-protected credentials do not require secure devices for storage, thus any personal portable device can used to carry a user's password-protected credential. This arguably retains portability of passwords. We present a concrete scheme to instantiate our approach, which is shown to be secure against off-line guessing attacks under the DDH assumption.
SP352ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CENTRAL KYNURENINE METABOLISM AND BONE STRENGHT IN RATS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (2017)

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Secondary hyperparathyroidism is linked to worse outcomes in CKD patients. Cinacalcet effectively lowers parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Previous observational studies investigating associations between cinacalcet and outcomes are inconclusive, and may be biased by time-dependent confounding and patient selection. Here we studied the impact of cinacalcet treatment on cardiovascular risk in the complete referred CKD and dialysis population with secondary hyperparathyroidism from the region of Stockholm, Sweden, using marginal structural models to account for time-dependent confounding in observational data. METHODS: Epidemiological analysis in SCREAM, a healthcare utilization database of Stockholm region during 2006-2011. All secondary care CKD patients (nondialysis CKD, dialysis and transplanted) were followed up from the date when PTH first exceeded twice the upper reference (>130 ng/L). Complete information on initiation and repeated dispensations of all relevant medication, diagnoses in inpatient or outpatient care, laboratory tests and information regarding renal replacement therapy transitions were used to estimate the inverse probability of treatment weights (cinacalcet use) as well as censoring weights which were used to adjust for baseline and time-varying confounding. The primary outcome was the combination of cardiovascular death or a new cardiovascular event (hospitalization due to angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure or peripheral arterial disease). The secondary outcome was all-cause mortality. Patients were followed until occurrence of event, migration, death or end of 2012. RESULTS: There were 3573 eligible patients included, with a median age of 64.4 years (64.5% men). 21% had diabetes, 42% had previous cardiovascular disease and 18% were on dialysis at baseline. The mean eGFR was 23.4 ml/min/1.73m 2 for those not on dialysis. During follow-up (median 37 months), 435 patients initiated cinacalcet. The baseline mean PTH was 257 ng/L, reaching 695 ng/L at cinacalcet initiation with 63% of the patients in dialysis and 12% being transplanted. In total, 1492 patients developed a cardiovascular event during the period. The unadjusted OR was 1.06 (95% CI 0.87-1.29) for patients treated with cinacalcet versus non-treated. In a fully-weighted model, cinacalcet treatment was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events (adjusted OR 0.69; 95% CI 0.50-0.94), and more weakly with all-cause mortality (aOR 0.88; 95% CI 0.67-1.17). CONCLUSIONS: In a complete regional healthcare extraction including all referred CKD patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism, treatment with cinacalcet was associated with lower risk of cardiovascular events.
Cellular architecture enhancement for supporting the european licensed shared access concept (2014)

As the demand for mobile traffic continues to grow rapidly, finding exclusive bands for mobile network operators in a harmonized manner becomes increasingly challenging. New European spectrum regulatory development aims at allowing future cellular networks to access shared spectrum bands under the licensed shared access regime as a complementary approach to current exclusive licensed and license-exempt bands. The introduction of additional spectrum by new spectrum access methods seems a necessary evolution path for cellular mobile communication networks to respond to the growing traffic in the next decade. The inclusion of the shared bands will require modifications to the existing network management as their availability and access conditions may vary locally and temporarily according to the agreed licensing conditions. Self-organizing network features will undoubtedly become an important enabler to handle the increased complexity brought by licensed shared access methods. In this article, self-organizing networking features to support the licensed shared bands are introduced. In particular, automated load balancing decisions by traffic steering are examined in detail with the purpose of matching the mobile network operators' available radio access technologies, cells, and spectrum resources to the fluctuating traffic demand.
Mental Health Service Use Among Hurricane Katrina Survivors in the Eight Months After the Disaster (2007)

Few Katrina survivors with mental disorders received adequate care; future disaster responses will require timely provision of services to address the barriers faced by survivors.
Theoretical and practical challenges to an IPM approach to weed management (2000)

Modern weed control tactics have played a major role in the productivity of cropping systems. Herbicides have been an effective component of weed control for major crops, greatly reducing yield losses and facilitating reduced tillage systems. Although these benefits are important, weed problems, soil erosion, and environmental concerns persist. Herbicides will continue to play a key role in most production systems, but weed species will continue to evolve and weed communities shift in response to selection pressures. Weed science must develop and incorporate additional practices to create integrated management systems that diversify selection pressures and reduce environmental degradation. Integrated pest management (IPM) may provide a useful framework for the development of integrated weed management systems. The basic principles of IPM are well established and have been successfully applied to many agricultural pests. However, the application of IPM to weed management has lagged behind other pest management disciplines. Many of the concepts and approaches of IPM are relevant to weed management, but these were not developed specifically for weed management and are not sufficient to address it adequately. Principles of IPM unique to weed management need to be delineated, developed, and put into practice. Although IPM for other pests provides an excellent framework, weed science must develop its own theory, management tactics, and monitoring procedures based on the unique characteristics of weed communities.
Predictive Model for Delivery Efficiency: Erythrocyte Membrane-Camouflaged Magnetofluorescent Nanocarriers Study (2020)

Delivery efficiencies of theranostic nanoparticles (NPs) based on passive tumor targeting strongly depend either on their blood circulation time or on appropriate modulations of the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, predicting the NP delivery efficiency before and after a tumor microenvironment modulation is highly desirable. Here, we present a new erythrocyte membrane-camouflaged magnetofluorescent nanocarrier (MMFn) with long blood circulation time (92 h) and high delivery efficiency (10% ID for Ehrlich murine tumor model). MMFns owe their magnetic and fluorescent properties to the incorporation of manganese ferrite nanoparticles (MnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs) and IR-780 (a lipophilic indocyanine fluorescent dye), respectively, to their erythrocyte membrane-derived camouflage. MMFn composition, morphology, and size, as well as optical absorption, zeta potential, and fluorescent, magnetic, and magnetothermal properties, are thoroughly examined <i>in vitro</i>. We then present an analytical pharmacokinetic (PK) model capable of predicting the delivery efficiency (DE) and the time of peak tumor uptake (<i>t</i><sub>max</sub>), as well as changes in DE and <i>t</i><sub>max</sub> due to modulations of the tumor microenvironment, for potentially any nanocarrier. Experimental PK data sets (blood and tumor amounts of MMFns) are simultaneously fit to the model equations using the PK modeling software Monolix. We then validate our model analytical solutions with the numerical solutions provided by Monolix. We also demonstrate how our <i>a priori</i> nonmechanistic model for passive targeting relates to a previously reported mechanistic model for active targeting. All <i>in vivo</i> PK studies, as well as <i>in vivo</i> and <i>ex vivo</i> biodistribution studies, were conducted using two noninvasive techniques, namely, fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) and alternating current biosusceptometry (ACB). Finally, histopathology corroborates our PK and biodistribution results.
Eosinophilic esophagitis: A newly established cause of dysphagia (2006)

Eosinophilic esophagitis has rapidly become a recognized entity causing dysphagia in young adults. This review summarizes the current knowledge of eosinophilic esophagitis including the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, pathophysiology, treatment, and prognosis. An extensive search of PubMed/Medline (1966-December 2005) for available English literature in humans for eosinophilic esophagitis was completed. Appropriate articles listed in the bibliographies were also attained. The estimated incidence is 43/10(5) in children and 2.5/10(5) in adults. Clinically, patients have a long history of intermittent solid food dysphagia or food impaction. Some have a history of atopy. Subtle endoscopic features may be easily overlooked, including a "feline" or corrugated esophagus with fine rings, a diffusely narrowed esophagus that may have proximal strictures, the presence of linear furrows, adherent white plaques, or a friable (crepe paper) mucosa, prone to tearing with minimal contact. Although no pathologic consensus has been established, a histologic diagnosis is critical. The accepted criteria are a dense eosinophilic infiltrate (>20/high power field) within the superficial esophageal mucosa. In contrast, the esophagitis associated with acid reflux disease can also possess eosinophils but they are fewer in number. Once the diagnosis is established, treatment options may include specific food avoidance, topical corticosteroids, systemic corticosteroids, leukotriene inhibitors, or biologic treatment. The long-term prognosis of EE is uncertain; however available data suggests a benign, albeit inconvenient, course. With increasing recognition, this entity is taking its place as an established cause of solid food dysphagia.
Social behavior in bacterial nanonetworks: challenges and opportunities (2015)

Molecular communication holds the promise to enable communication between nanomachines with a view to increasing their functionalities and opening up new possible applications. Due to some of the biological properties, bacteria have been proposed as a possible information carrier for molecular communication, and the corresponding communication networks are known as bacterial nanonetworks. The biological properties include the ability for bacteria to mobilize between locations and carry the information encoded in deoxyribonucleic acid molecules. However, similar to most organisms, bacteria have complex social properties that govern their colony. These social characteristics enable the bacteria to evolve through various fluctuating environmental conditions by utilizing cooperative and non-cooperative behaviors. This article provides an overview of the different types of cooperative and non-cooperative social behavior of bacteria. The challenges (due to non-cooperation) and the opportunities (due to cooperation) these behaviors can bring to the reliability of communication in bacterial nanonetworks are also discussed. Finally, simulation results on the impact of bacterial cooperative social behavior on the end-to-end reliability of a single-link bacterial nanonetwork are presented. The article concludes by highlighting the potential future research opportunities in this emerging field.