gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stabilization of Ag–Au Bimetallic Nanocrystals in Aquatic Environments Mediated by Dissolved Organic Matter: A Mechanistic Perspective (2018)

Gold and silver nanoparticles can be stabilized endogenously within aquatic environments from dissolved ionic species as a result of mineralization induced by dissolved organic matter. However, the ability of fulvic and humic acids to stabilize bimetallic nanoparticles is entirely unexplored. Elucidating the formation of such particles is imperative given their potential ecological toxicity. Herein, we demonstrate the nucleation, growth, and stabilization of bimetallic Ag-Au nanocrystals from the interactions of Ag<sup>+</sup> and Au<sup>3+</sup> with Suwannee River fulvic and humic acids. The mechanisms underpinning the stabilization of Ag-Au alloy NPs at different pH (6.0-9.0) values are studied by UV-vis spectrophotometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). Complexation of free Ag<sup>+</sup> and Au<sup>3+</sup> ions with the Lewis basic groups (carbonyls, carboxyls, and thiols) of FA and HA, followed by electron-transfer from redox-active moieties present in dissolved organic matter initiates the nucleation of the NPs. Alloy formation and interdiffusion of Au and Ag atoms are further facilitated by a galvanic replacement reaction between AuCl<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup> and Ag. Charge-transfer from Au to Ag stabilizes the formed bimetallic NPs. A more pronounced agglomeration of the Ag-Au NPs is observed when HA is used compared to FA as the reducing agent. The bimetallic NPs are stable for greater than four months, which suggests the possible persistence and dispersion of these materials in aquatic environments. The mechanistic ideas have broad generalizability to reductive mineralization processes mediated by dissolved organic matter.
Molecular methods for the detection of human papillomavirus infection. (1996)

HPVs are small DNA tumor viruses with an icosahedral virion structure. All members of the genus cause diverse benign lesions, and some members promote the development of carcinoma. The viruses do not replicate in culture without extraordinary measures, and virtually all studies to date have used molecular methods to elucidate their biology and natural history. Tests of choice for detecting HPV from clinical specimens are based on nucleic acid probe technology. Until recently, most epidemiologic and molecular studies employed Southern blot (SB), dot blot (DB), and in situ hybridization (ISH). With the exception of ISH, which continues to have many uses and a strong following in the pathology community, SB and DB have been essentially replaced by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the Hybrid Capture System (HCS). These newer in vitro probe tests have proven to be accurate and robust workhorses for epidemiologic and clinical use. Automation promises to revolutionize HPV testing in the near future and will allow cost-effective mass screening worldwide.
Type inference in SQL (2004)

Type inference is an important concept in programming languages. In this Thesis, we study this problem and propose a framework for type inference in SQL, the database programming language for relational databases such as Oracle and Sybase. We consider a context-free grammar G SQL which covers the core features of the standard SQL. We add semantic rules to G SQL , following Knuth's method of "attribute grammars", to capture the set of schemas for which a query q ✹ L ( G SQL ) is well-defined. We show that G SQL is unambiguous and that our attribute grammar is non-circular. The set of schemas of a query is usually infinite. To finitely represent this set, we introduce schema tableaux, a variation of a well-known tool from database theory. By defining another attribute grammar for G SQL , we show that the set of schemas of a query q ✹ L ( G SQL ) can be finitely represented as a tableau which can be effectively computed given q as input. We discuss applications of our type inference methodology, and as a case study, we apply it on the suite of TPC Benchmark(TM) H queries, which has industry-wide relevance and a high degree of complexity. The experiments indicate the methodology in useful in practice, particularly in the context of database schema comprehension.
Evaluation par imagerie de bioluminescence de l’inflammation induite par le plasma froid en utilisant une souris transgénique NF-kB-luc (2011)

National audience
Spatial variability of plain pseudogley physical properties. (2014)

The use of geostatistical interpolation methods represents a significant progress in describing and monitoring the spatial variability of soil properties. With selection of interpolation methods we can produce prediction maps with I. Bogunovic i sur.: Prostorna varijabilnost fizikalnih svojstava pseudogleja na zaravni 16 significant accuracy, and reduce the required number of samples to describe and determin a soil. On an example of undisturbed samples collected from experimental field „Potok 2“, with geostatistical data analysis and selection the ordinary kriging as interpolation model spatial maps have been generated for individual physical characteristics of plain pseudogley. This paper demonstrates the applicability of ordinary kriging techniques to characterize the spatial variation of soil physical properties on the basis of 48 undisturbed samples (020 cm) collected from 2.8 ha of plain pseudogley, strongly anthropogenized. Present research supports the usefulness of geostatistical techniques to analyze spatial distribution of some soil physical properties. Provided results in the form of predictive maps and their associated variance, indicate the possibility of using geostatistical analysis for the development and implementation of any further land management and plans for soil conservation in the study area.
Resolution in collection-mode scanning optical microscopy (1993)

The use of small apertures or sharpened tips as sensing elements in scanned-probe optical sensing devices has led to the development of a number of instruments that provide lateral spatial resolution much finer than that available in conventional optical imaging instruments. Such a device might generally be classified as a scanning optical microscope, or SOM. One particular mode of SOM operation involves the use of a sharpened optical fiber to collect light emanating from a surface. The lateral spatial resolution of such a collection-mode SOM is discussed in terms of the electromagnetic mode solutions of the probe tip. Numerical results indicate that, though bound modes solutions exist for increasingly fine unclad tips, classical diffraction effects limit resolution to a finite fraction (approximately 1/3) of the source wavelength λ. A second mechanism for signal transduction is shown to involve molecular scattering at the probe tip. An analysis of signal collection efficiency demonstrates that at tip radii below λ/5 for metallic-clad probes, and λ/10 for probes in a dielectric ambient, scattering dominates and imaging resolution scales with tip size, thus defeating limits imposed by diffraction.
Effects of small time-delays on dynamic output feedback control of offshore steel jacket structures subject to wave-induced forces (2009)

This paper is to investigate the effect of a small time-delay on dynamic output feedback control of an offshore steel jacket structure subject to a nonlinear wave-induced self-excited hydrodynamic force. Firstly, a conventional dynamic output feedback controller is designed to reduce the internal oscillations of the offshore structure. It is found that the obtained controller is of a large gain in the sense of Euclidean norm, which demands a large control force. Secondly, a small time-delay is introduced intentionally to design a new dynamic output feedback controller such that (i) the controller is of a small gain in the sense of Euclidean norm; and (ii) the internal oscillations of the offshore structure can be dramatically reduced. It is shown through simulation results that purposefully introducing time-delays can be used to improve control performance.
Mode analysis in phase-locked multi-core photonic crystal fiber laser by interference method (2017)

We report new mode analysis in oscillating multi-core photonic crystal fiber laser by an interference method. In this method, we observed the output has a 67% overlap with the out-of-phase mode.
A Resonant Rolling Sphere Viscometer Using Magnetic Actuation and Readout (2016)

We present a viscosity measurement principle based on a metallic sphere rolling on a plane on a circular trajectory. The sphere is magnetically positioned and driven using a permanent magnet and four actuation coils placed below the rolling surface. This measurement principle is particularly suited for the characterization of thin fluid films and therefore also for cases where small sample volumes are available. We describe our prototype setup consisting of three parts: the probing body (sphere), the actuation part, and the readout part. For the readout two differential transformer arrangements are used, yielding a total of required five coils: one pair of readout coils for one direction and another pair perpendicular to it for the orthogonal direction. The fifth coil is used as primary coil in the differential transformer readout setup where the aforementioned coil pairs act as secondary coils. In this contribution we describe the sensor setup, outline the actuation and readout process and present first measurements.
<title>Locally accurate motion estimation for object-based video coding</title> (1998)

We describe new motion coding algorithms that develop fixed size block matching (FSBM) into variable sized block matching (VSBM) and a modified approach (MVSBM) which can exploit irregularly shaped areas of uniform motion. New generations of video coding standards handle arbitrary shaped visual objects as well as frame based input. We explain how MVSBM strategies work when combining shaped data and block based algorithms. Locally accurate motion information is produced by the combination of otherwise ambiguous estimates produced by the small area matching required to detect locally diverse movements. The success of various prediction strategies indicates that the motion information is well behaved and thus likely to be accurate, given complex natural image sequence source material. MVSBM is evaluated by forcing it to perform with the same quality prediction as FSBM, then comparing the number of bits required by each technique. FSBM vector coding methods are taken from H.263 and MPEG-4 for comparison with those developed for MVSBM, extra compression phases are developed for MVSBM by utilizing the greater structure of the representation. Results are presented for three MPEG-4 test sequences, 'Container', 'weather' and 'Stefan'. We show bit savings of 67 percent for 'container', and 13 percent for 'Stefan' with more complex object activity.
MOISTURE CONTENT VARIATION AND GRAIN QUALITY OF CORN DRIED IN DIFFERENT HIGH-TEMPERATURE DRYERS (1999)

Dryers are rated based on the average moisture content, with no consideration to the range in single-kernelmoisture contents. The moisture content variation in lots of corn dried in three commercial dryer types was measuredalong with the grain quality (as indicated by the percentage of stress-cracked kernels). Corn exiting a high-temperaturedryer, regardless of the type, had a standard deviation in the moisture content of the individual kernels of 3 to 5%, but thisfigure decreased to about 1% within three days. The corn dried in the concurrent-flow dryers showed the fewest stresscracks, that dried in the crossflow dryers the highest percentage of stress cracks.
ATP Enhances Neuronal Differentiation of PC12 Cells by Activating PKCα Interactions with Cytoskeletal Proteins (2010)

PKCα is a key mediator of the neuronal differentiation controlled by NGF and ATP. However, its downstream signaling pathways remain to be elucidated. To identify the signaling partners of PKCα, we analyzed proteins coimmunoprecipitated with this enzyme in PC12 cells differentiated with NGF and ATP and compared them with those obtained with NGF alone or growing media. Mass spectrometry analysis (LC-MS/MS) identified plectin, peripherin, filamin A, fascin, and β-actin as potential interacting proteins. The colocalization of PKCα and its interacting proteins increased when PC12 cells were differentiated with NGF and ATP. Peripherin and plectin organization and the cortical remodeling of β-actin were dramatically affected when PKCα was down-regulated, suggesting that all three proteins might be functional targets of ATP-dependent PKCα signaling. Taken together, these data demonstrate that PKCα is essential for controlling the neuronal development induced by NGF and ATP and interacts with the cytoskeletal components at two levels: assembly of the intermediate filament peripherin and organization of cortical actin.
Thermomechanical Properties of Shape Memory Polymers of Polyurethane Series and their Applications (1996)

Shape memory polymers of polyurethane series have been developed. These polymers have the following features. (1) They can be molded easily similar to conventional plastics, (2) their shape recovery temperature can be set arbitrarily, and (3) they can be colored as required because they are transparent, making a wide range of applications possible. In this paper, the basic characteristics of the stress-strain-temperature-time relationship of shape memory polymers of the polyurethane series are investigated experimentally, and several applications of these polymers are introduced.
Characterizing Broadband Acoustic Propagation Scintillation and Modelling Scattering and Reverberation for Sensing in a Random Ocean Waveguide (2014)

Abstract : The objective of this proposal is to (1) determine and quantify the effect of signal bandwidth and measurement time on ocean acoustic transmission scintillation statistics in both the saturated and partially saturated regimes for a shallow water waveguide, (2) develop and enhance unified physics-based models for broadband target scattering and reverberation in random range-dependent ocean waveguides by including the matched-filter, applicable to scattering from seabed and seafloor features, water-column scatterers such as bubble clouds, fish groups, plankton, and extended targets such as BBN hoses, submarines and marine mammals, including the potential effects of multiple scattering, dispersion, and shadowing or attenuation due to forward scattering. (3) Extract ambient noise characteristics from shipping, biological, geological, and physical processes and to apply these for environmental sensing.
Highly Efficient Asymmetric Synthesis of β-Amino Acid Derivatives via Rhodium-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of β-(Acylamino)acrylates (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTHighly Efficient Asymmetric Synthesis of β-Amino Acid Derivatives via Rhodium-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of β-(Acylamino)acrylatesGuoxin Zhu, Zhaogen Chen, and Xumu ZhangView Author Information Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 18, 6907–6910Publication Date (Web):August 10, 1999Publication History Received30 March 1999Published online10 August 1999Published inissue 1 September 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo990565hhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo990565hbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1844Altmetric-Citations141LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Catalysts,Hydrocarbons,Hydrogenation,Reaction products Get e-Alerts
Alteration, Reduction and Taste Loss: Main Causes and Potential Implications on Dietary Habits (2020)

Our sense of taste arises from the sensory information generated after compounds in the oral cavity and oropharynx activate taste receptor cells situated on taste buds. This produces the perception of sweet, bitter, salty, sour, or umami stimuli, depending on the chemical nature of the tastant. Taste impairments (dysgeusia) are alterations of this normal gustatory functioning that may result in complete taste losses (ageusia), partial reductions (hypogeusia), or over-acuteness of the sense of taste (hypergeusia). Taste impairments are not life-threatening conditions, but they can cause sufficient discomfort and lead to appetite loss and changes in eating habits, with possible effects on health. Determinants of such alterations are multiple and consist of both genetic and environmental factors, including aging, exposure to chemicals, drugs, trauma, high alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, poor oral health, malnutrition, and viral upper respiratory infections including influenza. Disturbances or loss of smell, taste, and chemesthesis have also emerged as predominant neurological symptoms of infection by the recent Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2), as well as by previous both endemic and pandemic coronaviruses such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and SARS-CoV. This review is focused on the main causes of alteration, reduction, and loss of taste and their potential repercussion on dietary habits and health, with a special focus on the recently developed hypotheses regarding the mechanisms through which SARS-CoV-2 might alter taste perception.
Small-Vessel Vasculitis (1997)

Vasculitis is inflammation of vessel walls. It has many causes, although they result in only a few histologic patterns of vascular inflammation. Vessels of any type in any organ can be affected, a fact that results in a wide variety of signs and symptoms. These protean clinical manifestations, combined with the etiologic nonspecificity of the histologic lesions, complicate the diagnosis of specific forms of vasculitis. This is problematic because different vasculitides with indistinguishable clinical presentations have very different prognoses and treatments. For example, a patient with purpura, nephritis, and abdominal pain caused by Henoch–Schönlein purpura usually has a good prognosis . . .
Nitrogen-doped carbon xerogel: A novel carbon-based electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells (2011)

A low-cost, novel carbon-based electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), nitrogen-doped carbon xerogel (N-CX) was synthesized via a sol–gel polymerization method followed by a pyrolysis process. The N-CX catalyst exhibited a high activity for ORR, and a good stability in acid media. A high performance with a maximum power density of 360 mW cm−2 was achieved on a single PEM fuel cell with N-CX as the cathode electrocatalyst.
Immediate occlusal loading and tilted implants for the rehabilitation of the atrophic edentulous maxilla: 1‐year interim results of a multicenter prospective study (2008)

The present preliminary data suggest that immediate loading associated with tilted implants could be considered to be a viable treatment modality for the atrophic maxilla and that there does not seem to be a different clinical outcome between tilted and axial implants.
CBM: An IoT enabled LiDAR sensor for in-field crop height and biomass measurements (2021)

Phenotypic characterization of crop genotypes is an essential yet challenging aspect of crop management and agriculture research. Digital sensing technologies are rapidly advancing plant phenotyping and speeding-up crop breeding outcomes. However, off-the-shelf sensors might not be fully applicable and suitable for agriculture research due to diversity in crop species and specific need during plant breeding selections. Customized sensing systems with specialized sensor hardware and software architecture provide a powerful and low-cost solution. This study designed and developed a fully integrated Raspberry Pi-based LiDAR sensor named CropBioMass (CBM), enabled by internet of things to provide a complete end-to-end pipeline. The CBM is a low-cost sensor, provides high-throughput seamless data collection in field, small data footprint, injection of data onto the re-mote server, and automated data processing. Phenotypic traits of crop fresh biomass, dry biomass and plant height estimated by CBM data had high correlation with ground truth manual measurements in wheat field trial. The CBM is readily applicable for high-throughput plant phenotyping, crop monitoring and management for precision agricultural applications.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
Room-temperature photochemical hole burning in Eu3+-doped Al2O3–SiO2 glass (1999)

Persistent spectral hole burning was observed at room temperature in Eu3+-doped Al2O3–SiO2 glass. The glass was obtained by heating in hydrogen gas to reduce some Eu3+ ions to Eu2+ and the spectral hole was burned in the excitation spectrum of the F70→I50 transition of Eu3+. The depth of the hole burned at 200 K was ∼7% of the total excitation intensity and independent of temperature up to 350 K. A possible mechanism for hole burning is the electron transfer between the Eu3+ ions and the Al-related defect centers.
Computational performance of a single bandpass electro-optic delay oscillator (2011)

The authors perform numerical simulations to determine the performance of a Ikeda-type nonlinearity with delayed feedback. The Ikeda nonlinearity is often encountered in electro-optical systems. One system that can be considered consists of an electrically tunable DBR multielectrode laser diode with a feedback loop formed by a delay line and an optical device, whose peculiarity is to exhibit a nonlinearity in wavelength. This system was proposed by Goedgebuer and coworkers.