gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional Response to Hypoxia: The Role of HIF-1-Associated Co-Regulators (2023)

The Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1) plays a major role in the cellular response to hypoxia by regulating the expression of many genes involved in adaptive processes that allow cell survival under low oxygen conditions. Adaptation to the hypoxic tumor micro-environment is also critical for cancer cell proliferation and therefore HIF-1 is also considered a valid therapeutical target. Despite the huge progress in understanding regulation of HIF-1 expression and activity by oxygen levels or oncogenic pathways, the way HIF-1 interacts with chromatin and the transcriptional machinery in order to activate its target genes is still a matter of intense investigation. Recent studies have identified several different HIF-1- and chromatin-associated co-regulators that play important roles in the general transcriptional activity of HIF-1, independent of its expression levels, as well as in the selection of binding sites, promoters and target genes, which, however, often depends on cellular context. We review here these co-regulators and examine their effect on the expression of a compilation of well-characterized HIF-1 direct target genes in order to assess the range of their involvement in the transcriptional response to hypoxia. Delineating the mode and the significance of the interaction between HIF-1 and its associated co-regulators may offer new attractive and specific targets for anticancer therapy.
Outcomes of diabetic patients following acute myocardial infarction (1996)

Jelesoff, Nicole E.; Feinglos, Mark; Granger, Christopher B.; Califf, Robert M. Author Information
PrintsGAN: Synthetic Fingerprint Generator (2022)

A major impediment to researchers working in the area of fingerprint recognition is the lack of publicly available, large-scale, fingerprint datasets. The publicly available datasets that do exist contain very few identities and impressions per finger. This limits research on a number of topics, including e.g., using deep networks to learn fixed length fingerprint embeddings. Therefore, we propose PrintsGAN, a synthetic fingerprint generator capable of generating unique fingerprints along with multiple impressions for a given fingerprint. Using PrintsGAN, we synthesize a database of 525k fingerprints (35K distinct fingers, each with 15 impressions). Next, we show the utility of the PrintsGAN generated dataset by training a deep network to extract a fixed-length embedding from a fingerprint. In particular, an embedding model trained on our synthetic fingerprints and fine-tuned on a small number of publicly available real fingerprints (25K prints from NIST SD 302) obtains a TAR of 87.03% @ FAR=0.01% on the NIST SD4 database (a boost from TAR=73.37% when only trained on NIST SD 302). Prevailing synthetic fingerprint generation methods do not enable such performance gains due to i) lack of realism or ii) inability to generate multiple impressions per finger. Our dataset is released to the public: https://biometrics.cse.msu.edu/Publications/Databases/MSU_PrintsGAN/.
The Foreign Bank Exemption to the Sarbanes-Oxley Prohibition on Loans to Directors and Officers (2005)

Federal Reserve Act. 7 Based on the limitations, foreign banking institutions listed on U.S. markets were not eligible for such exemption.s These institutions were angered by what they perceived as an "uneven playing field" with their U.S. counterparts and urged regulators
Les mémoires diffractives ou holographiques (2006)

Dès l’avènement de l’holographie opérationnelle, des technologies de mémoires holographiques ont été proposées et partiellement validées. Pourtant, aucun produit industrialisé n’a vu le jour jusqu’à présent, en partie par absence de source laser puissante et fiable. Avec l’évolution des microcomposants électroniques, des mémoires holographiques compétitives peuvent maintenant être envisagées. Pour cela, il suffit d’exploiter des matériaux non cristallins formant des gels durcis, aux caractéristiques appropriées, tels que certaines photoprotéines à la structure en spirale, la production de masse devient alors possible.
Synthesis of spiro[tetralin-2,2'-pyrrolidine] and spiro[indan-2,2'-pyrrolidine] derivatives as potential analgesics (1978)

Spiro[tetralin-2,2'-pyrrolidine] (13) and spiro[6-methoxytetralin-2,2'-pyrrolidine] (17) were prepared by initial Michael condensation of 2-nitrotetralin and 6-methoxy-2-nitrotetralin, respectively, with methyl acrylate to give 7 and 8, both of which could be reductively cyclized to 10 and 11, followed by LiAlH4 reduction. Spiro[indan-2,2'-pyrrolidine] (15) was prepared in an analogous manner form 2-nitroindan, and spiro[6-hydroxytetralin-2,2'-pyrrolidine] (19) was prepared by O-demethylation of 17. Compound 13 and its N-methyl derivative, 14, both showed good analgesic activity. Compounds 13-16 all possessed weak antidepressant properties, but neither 19 nor its N-methyl derivative 20 had any significant CNS activity.
Translational Chemistry Meets Gluten‐Related Disorders (2018)

Gluten-related disorders are a complex group of diseases that involve the activation of the immune system triggered by the ingestion of gluten. Among these, celiac disease, with a prevalence of 1 %, is the most investigated, but recently, a new pathology, named nonceliac gluten sensitivity, was reported with a general prevalence of 7 %. Finally, there other less-prevalent gluten-related diseases such as wheat allergy, gluten ataxia, and dermatitis herpetiformis (with an overall prevalence of less than 0.1 %). As mentioned, the common molecular trigger is gluten, a complex mixture of storage proteins present in wheat, barley, and a variety of oats that are not fully degraded by humans. The most-studied protein related to disease is gliadin, present in wheat, which possesses in its sequence many pathological fragments. Despite a lot of effort to treat these disorders, the only effective method is a long-life gluten-free diet. This Review summarizes the actual knowledge of gluten-related disorders from a translational chemistry point of view. We discuss what is currently known from the literature about the interaction of gluten with the gut and the critical host responses it evokes and, finally, connect them to our current and novel molecular understanding of the supramolecular organization of gliadin and the 33-mer gliadin peptide fragment under physiological conditions.
Visualization Study of Turbulent Spots. (1982)

Abstract : An investigation of turbulent spots evolving in a laminar boundary layer has been conducted during the period 1 May 1978 - 30 April 1980. A flat plate was towed through an 18 m water channel. The plate was mounted under a carriage that was towed at a constant velocity. The carriage rides on a continuously replenished oil film giving a vibrationless tow. Turbulent spots were initiated by a solenoid valve that ejected a small amount of water through a hole located downstream from the leading edge. A novel visualization technique has been employed that utilizes fluorescent dye excited by a sheet of laser. Some aspects of entrainment and structure of turbulent spots were inferred from the present experiments. In particular, the present results strongly suggest that another mechanism, in addition to entrainment, is needed to explain the lateral growth characteristics of the turbulent zone defining the spot. This mechanism, termed growth by destabilization', appears to be a result of the turbulence in the spot destabilizing the unstable laminar boundary layer in the neighborhood of the spot. Two additional tasks were carried out as part of this investigation. The first, a theoretical study of three-dimensional wave packets; and the second an investigation of the effects of drag reducing polymers and stratification on turbulent spots. (Author)
The folksonomy tag cloud: when is it useful? (2007)

The weighted list, known popularly as a `tag cloud', has appeared on many popular folksonomy-based web-sites. Flickr, Delicious, Technorati and many others have all featured a tag cloud at some point in their history. However, it is unclear whether the tag cloud is actually useful as an aid to finding information. We conducted an experiment, giving participants the option of using a tag cloud or a traditional search interface to answer various questions. We found that where the information-seeking task required specific information, participants preferred the search interface. Conversely, where the information-seeking task was more general, participants preferred the tag cloud. While the tag cloud is not without value, it is not sufficient as the sole means of navigation for a folksonomy-based dataset.
ChemInform Abstract: Electronic Structure of Sr2Cu2ZnO2S2 Layered Oxysulfide with CuS Layers. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Electronics, instrumentation, and microcomputers. Principles and practice for the microcircuit age (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectronics, instrumentation, and microcomputers. Principles and practice for the microcircuit ageC. G. Enke, S. R. Crouch, F. J. Holler, H. V. Malmstadt, and J. P. AveryCite this: Anal. Chem. 1982, 54, 2, 367A–393APublication Date (Print):February 1, 1982Publication History Published online21 September 2008Published inissue 1 February 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00239a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00239a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views288Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Improved apple latent spherical virus-induced gene silencing in multiple soybean genotypes through direct inoculation of agro-infiltrated Nicotiana benthamiana extract (2018)

This modified protocol allowed for inoculation of soybean plants via simple mechanical rubbing with the homogenate of <i>N. benthamiana</i> leaves agro-infiltrated with ALSV VIGS constructs. More importantly, inoculated plants showed no apparent virus disease symptoms which could otherwise interfere with VIGS phenotypes. This streamlined procedure expanded this functional genomics tool to nine soybean genotypes.
Characterization of power consumption in thin clients due to protocol data transmission over IEEE 802.11 (2009)

In thin client computing, applications are executed on a network server instead of on the user terminal. Since the amount of processing at the terminal is reduced, thin clients are potentially energy efficient devices. However, a network connection between client and server is required for the transmission of user input and display updates. The energy needed for this intense network communication might undo or even exceed the power savings achieved by the reduction in client-side processing. In this paper, we present experimental results on power efficiency of the wireless platform on the thin client in case of thin client traffic. The discussion is focused on VNC-RFB, a widespread thin client protocol, over an IEEE 802.11 link in three typical user scenarios. The results indicate that a cross-layer approach between application and wireless link layer could potentially lead to important power savings.
SwordDTA： A Dynamic Taint Analysis Tool for Software Vulnerability Detection (2016)

当动态时，软件危险是各种各样的信息安全事件的根原因沾染分析是一种新兴的程序分析技术。在这份报纸，最大化这种技术的使用检测软件危险，我们现在的 SwordDTA，能表现的一个工具动态为二进制代码沾染分析。这个工具灵活、可扩展它能用商品软件和硬件工作。与危险建模检测软件危险并且沾染支票能被用来。我们用很多个通常使用的真实世界的应用程序评估它。试验性的结果证明 SwordDTA 能够包括缓冲区溢出，整数溢出，在零的部门和 use-after-free 检测至少四种软件危险，并且为大量软件是适用的。
Adaptive mutation in nuclear export protein allows stable transgene expression in a chimaeric influenza A virus vector (2013)

The development of influenza virus vectors with long insertions of foreign sequences remains difficult due to the small size and instable nature of the virus. Here, we used the influenza virus inherent property of self-optimization to generate a vector stably expressing long transgenes from the NS1 protein ORF. This was achieved by continuous selection of bright fluorescent plaques of a GFP-expressing vector during multiple passages in mouse B16f1 cells. The newly generated vector acquired stability in IFN-competent cell lines and in vivo in murine lungs. Although improved vector fitness was associated with the appearance of four coding mutations in the polymerase (PB2), haemagglutinin and non-structural (NS) segments, the stability of the transgene expression was dependent primarily on the single mutation Q20R in the nuclear export protein (NEP). Importantly, a longer insert, such as a cassette of 1299 nt encoding two Mycobacterium tuberculosis Esat6 and Ag85A proteins, could substitute for the GFP transgene. Thus, the inherent property of the influenza virus to adapt can also be used to adjust a vector backbone to give stable expression of long transgenes.
Dissecting prostate carcinogenesis through ETS gene rearrangement studies: implications for anticancer drug development (2008)

The discovery of ETS gene fusions as common events in prostate cancer represents a paradigmatic shift in the significance attributed to chromosomal translocations as a key mechanistic player in carcinogenesis. However, these chromosomal fusion events are poorly understood, as their functional significance and therapeutic potential remain unclear. Nonetheless, they have generally been used as novel molecular handles to sub-categorise the broad diversity of prostate cancers mainly via the use of fluorescence in-situ hybridisation-based "break-apart assays". Thus, the potential roles of these ETS gene fusion events are being actively explored and are discussed in this review within the context of the existing scientific and clinical climates. Examples include their possible utilities as screening tools, markers for risk stratification and predictors of responses to therapies (in particular hormonal manipulation), biomarkers to guide early phase clinical trials, as well as therapeutic targets. Work is ongoing to address the many questions surrounding these pursuits in a very rapidly evolving area of research, and it is believed that an improved understanding of the biology underpinning these genetic events is vital in order to optimise their use in anticancer drug development.
Photodetachment Imaging Study of the Vinoxide Anion (2004)

A photodetachment imaging study of the photoelectron angular distributions produced by the 354.8-nm photodetachment of the vinoxide anion, H2CCHO-, is reported. The photoelectron angular distributions for both the X̃2A‘‘ ground state and Ã2A‘ excited state of the neutral vinoxy radicals were measured. Energy-dependent photoelectron anisotropy parameters are reported for both electronic states. Photodetachment from the HOMO of the anion (the CCO nonbonding π(a‘ ‘) orbital) yields ground-state vinoxy radicals and exhibits a sin2 θ angular dependence (β (X̃2A‘‘) = −0.7 ± 0.1) relative to the electric vector of the laser. Photodetachment from the HOMO-1 of the anion (the oxygen σ2px(a‘) orbital) yields excited-state Ã2A‘ radicals and exhibits a cos2 θ angular dependence (β (Ã2A‘) = 0.6 ± 0.1) of the photoelectrons. These results are qualitatively interpreted in terms of the electronic structure of the anion−neutral system.
The Basis for Glyphosate Resistance in Rigid Ryegrass (Lolium Rigidum) from California (2008)

The occurrence of glyphosate-resistant weeds has been reported after more than 20 yr of extensive use. Rigid ryegrass that evolved resistance to glyphosate was found in Australia and in California. Glyphosate-resistant rigid ryegrass plants were collected from northern California and selected through generations 8 and 5 to segregate the most resistant (R) and sensitive (S) biotypes. The eighth generation of R and the fifth generation of S biotypes survived 6.72 and died from 0.11 kg ae ha−1 glyphosate, respectively. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the role of metabolism in the observed resistance, to study the effect of glyphosate on the activity of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS; EC 2.5.1.19), and to characterize the EPSPS gene in R and S rigid ryegrass. Neither quantitative nor qualitative difference was observed in the metabolism of 14C-glyphosate between the biotypes. Activity of constitutive EPSPS decreased more significantly in the S than R biotype in the presence of 5, 50, 500, and 5,000 µM glyphosate. Inhibition of 50% (I50) of the EPSPS activity by glyphosate was more than 90-fold in S compared to R biotype. Decreased EPSPS sensitivity in the R biotype appeared to be a major contributor to glyphosate resistance in rigid ryegrass from California. Fragments of the EPSPS gene containing 1,320 nucleotides were isolated from mRNA of S and R biotypes. A single nucleotide mutation from cytosine (C) to thymine (T) was identified at nucleotide 301 of the truncated EPSPS gene of the R biotype. This mutation changed the amino acid code from proline (Pro) to serine (Ser), which was similar to that reported for the glyphosate-resistant goosegrass from Malaysia and correlated with glyphosate insensitivity of EPSPS.
X‐linked intellectual disability update 2017 (2018)

The X-chromosome comprises only about 5% of the human genome but accounts for about 15% of the genes currently known to be associated with intellectual disability. The early progress in identifying the X-linked intellectual disability (XLID)-associated genes through linkage analysis and candidate gene sequencing has been accelerated with the use of high-throughput technologies. In the 10 years since the last update, the number of genes associated with XLID has increased by 96% from 72 to 141 and duplications of all 141 XLID genes have been described, primarily through the application of high-resolution microarrays and next generation sequencing. The progress in identifying genetic and genomic alterations associated with XLID has not been matched with insights that improve the clinician's ability to form differential diagnoses, that bring into view the possibility of curative therapies for patients, or that inform scientists of the impact of the genetic alterations on cell organization and function.
Mechanistic Analysis of Hydroarylation Catalysts (2004)

Recently, two organometallic systems ([Ir(micro-acac-O)(acac-O,O)(acac-C(3))](2) and (Tp)Ru(CO)(Ph)(NCCH(3))) have been discovered that catalyze hydroarylation of unactivated olefins. Herein, we use density functional theory (B3LYP) to study the factors underlying this class of catalysts. In addition, we calculate the key steps for Rh, Pd, Os, and Pt with similar ligand sets. We previously showed there to be two key steps in the process: (i) insertion of a phenyl into the pi bond of a coordinating olefin, and (ii) C-H activation/hydrogen transfer of an unactivated benzene. An important discovery in these studies is that the barriers for these two steps are inversely correlated, complicating optimization of the overall process. However, herein we elucidate the causes of this inverse correlation, laying the foundation for the rational design of improved catalysts. Both steps are directly influenced by the accessibility of the higher 2-electron oxidation state, M(n) --> M(n+2). Systems with an easily accessible M(n+2) state activate C-H bonds easily but suffer from high energy insertions due to significant back-bonding. Conversely, systems without an easily accessible M(n+2) state have no debilitating back-bonding which makes insertion steps facile, but cannot effectively activate the C-H bond (leading instead to polymerization). The relationship between accessibility of the M(n+2) state and the amount of back-bonding in the coordinating olefin can be visualized by inspecting the hybridization of the coordinating olefin. Furthermore, we find a linear relation between this hybridization and the barrier to insertion. On the basis of these concepts, we suggest some modifications of the sigma framework expected to improve the rates beyond this linear correlation.
Intrinsic viscuit probability distribution functions for transport coefficients of liquids and solids (2022)

A reformulation of the Green-Kubo expressions for the transport coefficients of liquids in terms of a probability distribution function (PDF) of short trajectory contributions, which were named "viscuits," has been explored in a number of recent publications. The viscuit PDF, P, is asymmetric on the two sides of the distribution. It is shown here using equilibrium 3D and 2D molecular dynamics simulations that the viscuit PDF of a range of simple molecular single component and mixture liquid and solid systems can be expressed in terms of the same intrinsic PDF (P<sub>0</sub>), which is derived from P with the viscuit normalized by the standard deviation separately on each side of the distribution. P<sub>0</sub> is symmetric between the two sides and can be represented for not very small viscuit values by the same gamma distribution formulated in terms of a single disposable parameter. P<sub>0</sub> tends to an exponential in the large viscuit wings. Scattergrams of the viscuits and their associated single trajectory correlation functions are shown to distinguish effectively between liquids, solids, and glassy systems. The so-called viscuit square root method for obtaining the transport coefficients is shown to be a useful probe of small and statistically zero self-diffusion coefficients of molecules in the liquid and solid states, respectively. The results of this work suggest that the transport coefficients have a common underlying physical origin, reflecting at a coarse-grained level the traversal statistics of the system through its high-dimensioned potential energy landscape.
Introductions for a Multi-function Portable SF<sub>6</sub> Leaking Alarm Testing Device Based on a Two-level Configure Gas Technology (2014)

In this study, we make a study of a new two-level configure gas technology. This technology can expend the configure gas device’s dilution ratio and combined with inner set baffled spiral cast to achieve a full-sacle configure gas of SF<sub>6</sub> and air. Further to make the SF<sub>6</sub> leaking alarm testing device to be not only a multi-function portable device but also have the advantages like compact structure, light weight, large dilution ratio, high accuracy, degree of automation and so on. And this device can solve the situation of SF<sub>6</sub> leaking alarm device can’t calibrate conveniently in indoor workplace, such as electric power system GIS obviously.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMIE DES HYDRAZINS UND SEINER DERIVATE 20. MITT. DARST. UND EIGENSCHAFTEN EINIGER TRIAZANDERIVATE (1971)

Abstract Durch Umsetzung von Azodicarbonsäure‐diäthylester mit Piperidin, Pyrrolidin, Azetidin und Aziridin wurden die kristallinen Verbindungen (I) dargestellt.