gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Facile and Chemoselective Reduction of Carboxylic Acids to Alcohols Using BOP Reagent and Sodium Borohydride. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Space change of eddy current power by induction heating of steel cylinders (1994)

Finite difference (FDM), finite element (FEM) and integral equation methods are widely used in the numerical simulation of electromagnetic and heat transfer problems of induction heating. Each of these methods has certain advantages and can be used either directly or in combination with others. Both the FDM and FEM discretise a continuous function, and generate simultaneous algebraic equations to be solved for nodal functions. A difficulty that often arises when solving electromagnetic problems is how to treat regions that extend to infinity in space directions. Several methods have been used that take into account the infinite exterior region, all of which have some advantages and some disadvantages. As an alternative to FDM and FEM, the integral equation method (IEM) has been used to solve induction eddy current problems for cylindrical geometries. In contrast with the differential approach the integral equation approach does not require additional boundary conditions. One of the main advantages of the integral equations is that the area of the integration is confined to surfaces. Experience of using different numerical methods for solving induction heating problems shows that the combination of FDM or FEM with IEM is very promising.
Pyrometric Temperature Measurements in Solar Furnaces (2001)

Surface temperatures are key parameters in many applications of concentrated solar radiation. Pyrometric temperature determination is, however, hampered by reflected solar radiation. Two approaches to solve this problem were experimentally tested on a solar reactor at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI): the flash assisted multi-wavelength pyrometry (FAMP) developed at PSI and a solar-blind pyrometer developed by the IMPAC Electronic GmbH in Frankfurt, Germany, in collaboration with PSI. Performance, advantages, and disadvantages of the two pyrometers are reported and discussed.
Ultraviolet radiometry with synchrotron radiation and cryogenic radiometry (1999)

The combination of a cryogenic radiometer and synchrotron radiation enables detector scale realization in spectral regions that are otherwise difficult to access. Cryogenic radiometry is the most accurate primary detector-based standard available to date, and synchrotron radiation gives a unique broadband and continuous spectrum that extends from x ray to far IR. We describe a new cryogenic radiometer-based UV radiometry facility at the Synchrotron Ultraviolet Radiation Facility II at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The facility is designed to perform a variety of detector and optical materials characterizations. The facility combines a high-throughput, normal incidence monochromator with an absolute cryogenic radiometer optimized for UV measurements to provide absolute radiometric measurements in the spectral range from 125 nm to approximately 320 nm. We discuss results on photodetector characterizations, including absolute spectroradiometric calibration, spatial responsivity mapping, spectroreflectance, and internal quantum efficiency. In addition, such characterizations are used to study UV radiation damage in photodetectors that can shed light on the mechanism of the damage process. Examples are also given for UV optical materials characterization.
Modeling and performance metrics for longitudinal chromatic aberrations, focus-drilling, and Z-noise: exploring excimer laser pulse-spectra (2007)

The combined impact of longitudinal chromatic aberrations, focus-drilling, and Z-noise on several lithographic performance metrics is described. After review, we investigate an improved method for simulating the lithographic behavior of longitudinal chromatic aberrations stemming from the finite bandwidth of excimer laser pulse-spectra using PROLITH<sup>TM</sup> v. 9.3.3. Additionally, we explore two methods for modeling the lithographic improvements related to focus-drilling and new PROLITH functionality for modeling the effects of Z-noise. Our case studies involve reinvestigating the RELAX process and providing a framework for accurate lithographic simulation using machine specific pulse-spectral data, modified Lorentzian, and Gaussian models. After presentation and analysis, we discuss potential applications including methods for improved focus budgets and improved mask design.
Design, synthesis, in vitro biological assessment and molecular modeling insights for novel 3-(naphthalen-1-yl)-4,5-dihydropyrazoles as anticancer agents with potential EGFR inhibitory activity (2022)

Currently, the humanity is in a fierce battle against various health-related challenges especially those associated with human malignancies. This created the urge to develop potent and selective inhibitors for tumor cells through targeting specific oncogenic proteins possessing crucial roles in cancer progression and survive. In this respect, new series of pyrazole-thiazol-4-one hybrids (9a-p) were synthesized as potential anticancer agents. All the synthesized molecules exhibited potent antiproliferative actions against breast cancer (BC) T-47D and MDA-MB-231 cell lines with IC<sub>50</sub> ranges 3.14-4.92 and 0.62-58.01, respectively. Moreover, the most potent anti-proliferative counterparts 9g and 9k were assessed against EGFR. They displayed nanomolar inhibitory activity, IC<sub>50</sub> 267 ± 12 and 395 ± 17 nM, respectively. Worth noting, both compounds 9g and 9k induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells, and resulted in a cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Furthermore, an in silico analysis including docking and molecular dynamic simulations was performed.
Effect of storage on protein concentration of tear samples (1998)

Reduction in the total protein concentration, intensity of the protein bands as well as changes in the quantity of tear proteins were observed in the tear samples stored for longer duration of time at various temperatures.
Effect of preseasonal enzyme potentiated desensitisation (EPD) on plasma-IL-6 and IL-10 of grass pollen-sensitive asthmatic children. (1997)

EPD is a method of preventive immunotherapy which employs b-glucuronidase as a biological response modifier. Plasma IL-6 and IL-10 were measured before a single injection of EPD, 24 hours later and 15 days after in a group of 17 children suffering from grass pollen asthma. 17 normal untreated children were used as controls. Although the study was conducted before the grass pollen season when the allergic children were free of symptoms, their plasma IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly elevated before the injection of EPD. 24 hours after treatment the plasma IL-10 had increased significantly and there was also a slight rise in IL-6. 15 days after treatment IL-6 had fallen to normal but IL-10 was still elevated. These findings suggest antigen-specific and non-specific mechanisms by which EPD may produce clinical improvement.
Surface Characterization of the Al/Si‐Ti/W Metallization after Chlorinated Plasma Treatments (1991)

Multilayer metallizations play a very important role as interconnection systems in the VLSI technology. Here, to realize etching with good dimensional control and vertical profile, plasma etchers (of the RIE type) are used. The complexity of the chemistry involved in this plasma etching is such that it may give rise to some undesirable secondary effects. The object of this work is the surface characterization, by means of XPS, SEM, and EDAX techniques, of the Al/Si‐Ti/W system after plasma etching. The chemical modifications induced by various plasma treatments of the metal films have been followed by means of the above techniques. Such modifications are dependent either on the etch chemistry used or on the substrate chemical species exposed to the plasma.
Reactions of diazoalkanes with isocyanates. Synthesis of imidazolidine-2,4-diones, oxindoles, and oxazolidinones (1987)

Thermolysis of a 5,5-dialkyl-Δ 3 -1,3,4-oxadiazolin-2-one in nitrobenzene containing an aryl isocyanate at 150° C affords a 1,3-diaryl-5,5-dialkylimidazolidine-2,4-dione, an N-arylcarbamoyl-3,3-dialkyloxindole, and a 3-aryl-2-arylimino-5,5-dialkyl-1,3-oxazolidin-4-one. Those products arise from attack of a diazoalkane, generated insitu from the oxadiazolinone by thermal cycloreversion, on the isocyanate function. Two imidazolidine diones, three oxazolidinones, and 14 oxindoles were prepared.
“Pure” Diastolic Dysfunction is Associated with Long-Axis Systolic Dysfunction. Implications for the Diagnosis and Classification of Heart Failure (2005)

Worsening global diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle is associated with a progressive decline in longitudinal systolic function. Diastolic heart failure as conventionally diagnosed is associated with regional, subendocardial systolic dysfunction that can be revealed by tissue Doppler of long-axis shortening. Diagnostic algorithms and definitions of heart failure need to be revised.
11Be(beta-p), a quasi-free neutron decay? (2014)

We have observed beta-delayed proton emission from the neutron-rich nucleus 11Be by analysing a sample collected at the ISOLDE facility at CERN with accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). With a branching ratio of (8.4 +- 0.6) 10^{-6} the strength of this decay mode, as measured by the B(GT)-value, is unexpectedly high. The result is discussed within a simple single-particle model and could be interpreted as a quasi-free decay of the 11Be halo neutron into a single-proton state.
Purification and characterization of a protein that binds to metal responsive elements of the human metallothionein IIA gene. (1994)

Metal responsive element (MRE) is a cis-acting DNA motif located in the upstream region of vertebrate metallothionein genes, which can confer metal responsiveness on downstream heterologous promoters. A protein that binds to the MRE sequence in a zinc-dependent manner (zinc regulatory factor; ZRF) was purified 16,000-fold from HeLa cell nuclear extracts by means of the avidin-biotin method, in which a complex formed between ZRF and a biotinylated probe containing MRE was trapped by streptavidin-agarose beads, and ZRF was recovered by salt extraction. By repeating the method three times, a homogeneous 116-kDa protein was obtained whose recovery was zinc-dependent and MRE sequence-specific. UV cross-linking analysis also revealed that a protein that specifically binds to MRE has the same molecular mass as the purified protein. Zinc-dependent and MRE sequence-specific footprints of ZRF were obtained on MREa and MREb in the upstream region of the human metallothionein IIA gene. The ZRF-MRE complex dissociates by the addition of chelating reagents, suggesting a direct role of zinc ions in the DNA binding of ZRF. Partial amino acid sequences of ZRF were found to be highly homologous to those of a mouse MRE-binding protein, mMTF-1.
Theoretical study of thresholdless Auger recombination in compressively strained InAlAsSb/GaSb quantum wells (1997)

The effect of strain on thresholdless Auger recombination in quantum wells has been studied theoretically. A detailed analysis of overlap integrals between the initial and final states of carriers has been carried out. It is shown that the strain affects both qualitatively and quantitatively the overlap integral between the electron and hole states. The Auger recombination coefficient is calculated for InAlAsSb quantum well and its dependence on quantum well parameters, strain, and temperature is analyzed.
Influence of Probenecid on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Sorafenib (2020)

Prior studies have demonstrated an organic anion transporter 6 (OAT6)-mediated accumulation of sorafenib in keratinocytes. The OAT6 inhibitor probenecid decreases sorafenib uptake in skin and might, therefore, decrease sorafenib-induced cutaneous adverse events. Here, the influence of probenecid on sorafenib pharmacokinetics and toxicity was investigated. Pharmacokinetic sampling was performed in 16 patients on steady-state sorafenib treatment at days 1 and 15 of the study. Patients received sorafenib (200-800 mg daily) in combination with probenecid (500 mg two times daily (b.i.d.)) on days 2-15. This study was designed to determine bioequivalence with geometric mean Area under the curve from zero to twelve hours (AUC<sub>0-12 h</sub>) as primary endpoint. During concomitant probenecid, sorafenib plasma AUC<sub>0-12 h</sub> decreased by 27% (90% CI: -38% to -14%; <i>P</i> < 0.01). Furthermore, peak and trough levels of sorafenib, as well as sorafenib concentrations in skin, decreased to a similar extent in the presence of probenecid. The metabolic ratio of sorafenib-glucuronide to parent drug increased (+29%) in the presence of probenecid. A decrease in systemic sorafenib concentrations during probenecid administration seems to have influenced cutaneous concentrations. Since sorafenib-glucuronide concentrations increased compared with sorafenib and sorafenib-<i>N</i>-oxide, probenecid may have interrupted enterohepatic circulation of sorafenib by inhibition of the organic anion transporting polypeptides 1B1 (OATP1B1). Sorafenib treatment with probenecid is, therefore, not bioequivalent to sorafenib monotherapy. A clear effect of probenecid on sorafenib toxicity could not be identified in this study.
Parametric generation of tunable mid-infrared radiation (2004)

We report a singly resonant, 2.05 µm pumped Zinc Germanium Phosphide optical parametric oscillator with high pulse energy output at an energy conversion efficiency of 27.5%. It generates up to 17.3mJ with the tunability over 4.3-10.1µm-wavelength range.
Maintenance of T Cell Function in the Face of Chronic Antigen Stimulation and Repeated Reactivation for a Latent Virus Infection (2012)

Persisting infections are often associated with chronic T cell activation. For certain pathogens, this can lead to T cell exhaustion and survival of what is otherwise a cleared infection. In contrast, for herpesviruses, T cells never eliminate infection once it is established. Instead, effective immunity appears to maintain these pathogens in a state of latency. We used infection with HSV to examine whether effector-type T cells undergoing chronic stimulation retained functional and proliferative capacity during latency and subsequent reactivation. We found that latency-associated T cells exhibited a polyfunctional phenotype and could secrete a range of effector cytokines. These T cells were also capable of mounting a recall proliferative response on HSV reactivation and could do so repeatedly. Thus, for this latent infection, T cells subjected to chronic Ag stimulation and periodic reactivation retain the ability to respond to local virus challenge.
Heat Capacity Response of Relaxor Ferroelectrics Near the Morphotropic Phase Boundary (2008)

The influence of the electric bias field on the sequence of monoclinic phase transitions between the tetragonal and rhombohedral phases was studied by heat capacity measurements in PMN 1 − x PT x single crystal with x = 0.295. It is shown that besides the cubic to tetragonal (C-T) phase transition also tetragonal to monoclic C (T-M C ) phase transition exhibit a critical point at certain critical bias field value, thus terminating a line of first order transitions. It is shown by field cooled and zero-field cooled polarization experiments that similar critical point also exists in 9/65/35 PLZT ceramics.
CasualStereo: Casual Capture of Stereo Panoramas with Spherical Structure-from-Motion (2020)

Hand-held capture of stereo panoramas involves spinning the camera in a roughly circular path to acquire a dense set of views of the scene. However, most existing structure-from-motion pipelines fail when trying to reconstruct such trajectories, due to the small baseline between frames. In this work, we evaluate the use of spherical structure-from-motion for reconstructing handheld stereo panorama captures. The spherical motion constraint introduces a strong regularization on the structure-from-motion process which mitigates the small-baseline problem, making it well-suited to the use case of stereo panorama capture with a handheld camera. We demonstrate the effectiveness of spherical structure-from-motion for casual capture of high-resolution stereo panoramas and validate our results with a user study.
<title>Write-once recording by phase separation</title> (1990)

Highly stable and fast response write once recording was achieved by a new phase separation recording method involving binodal decomposition of nonstoichiometric Tellurium oxide polycrystal deposited by RF ion plating. Response to writing was saturated completely after one disk rotation ( 33 msec ). Degradation of film exposured to high temperature and high humidity was little. So, if the Arrhenius method was adopted, the life was estimated at infinite.
Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria on Quality and Safety of Ready-to-eat Sliced Cured/smoked Meat Products (2014)

The bioprotective properties of native lactic acid cultures and their bacteriocins may be used for increasing the microbiological safety and stability of traditional sliced smoked pork products. It is expected that this addition would not affect consumer’s perception and, consequently, the acceptability of these traditional smoked meat products. The effect of two different LAB cultures, two different application methods and two different modified atmosphere packaging conditions (MAP) on growth control of Listeria monocytogenes and on sensory properties of “Chouriço”, a sliced cured/smoked pork product, were studied. Lactobacillus sakei ST153 (autochthonous bacteria) and BLC35 (commercial mixed starter culture including strains of Lactobacillus curvatus, Staphylococcus xylosus and Pediococcus acidilactici; CHR Hansen) both with bacteriocinogenic activity against Listeria monocytogenes, were applied by immersion or spray on smoked pork slices that were produced at industrial scale and packed under MAP (8 % or 12 % v/v CO2)and stored at 5 °C. Previously to the incorporation of LAB cultures, L. monocytogenes was gently spreadwith a sterile cotton swab into the slices. The enumeration of LAB and L. monocytogenes was performedduring the storage at 5 °C. A quantitative descriptive sensory test was performed by a sensory trained panel at 30, 90 and 120 days, involving previous sessions for main descriptors definition, their scale limits as well as verbal anchors by panel consensus. A final sheet with nine descriptors (meat colour, greasiness, characteristic odour, off- odour, hardness, succulence, characteristic taste, acid taste, bitter taste), each one with a 13-point scale, was validated. Listeria monocytogenes decreased to values
Enhancing Legacy Services through Context-enriched Sensor Data. (2006)

Today&amp;apos;s services found in the Internet and made available to a broad number of users already provide a wide variety of options, but still lack the use of user specific context data. Information, such as current location, situation, or people around the user, can help to improve advanced search services like Yahoo or Google even further. However, this usually implies that each of these services must retrieve and store great amount of private data for each user. This does not only impose technical challenges, but also a huge number of privacy issues. We are therefore proposing a framework that derives legacy services with input that describes the context of the current user also taking into account his or her and the companions&amp;apos; preferences. Furthermore, this framework is able to adapt the output of these services according to the current user context and to utilize user feedback to iteratively refine the service results further. Thereby, our Context-aware Service Adaptation Framework (CaSAF) is able to render existing legacy services context-aware without affecting the services implementation taking into account various sensor data available to the user.
Personnel and Vehicle Data Collection at Aberdeen Proving Ground (APG) and its Distribution for Research (2015)

Abstract : The US Army Research Laboratory s (ARL) Networked Sensing and Fusion Branch continually strives to develop next generation unattended ground sensors (UGSs) and other sensing platforms. In support of these goals, it is a requirement to have access to seismic, acoustic, magnetic, and other sensor signatures of vehicle and people. These signature databases allow researchers to develop cutting-edge detection algorithms that detect and classify 1 or more vehicles or persons. These algorithms will be geared toward current and new UGS applications. For this effort, a team was deployed to Spesutie Island at Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, to collect signatures of personnel and vehicles from July 27 30, 2015.
Importance of the Bicycle Helmet Design and Material for the Outcome in Bicycle Accidents (2014)

In Sweden the most common traffic group that needs to be hospitalized due to injury is cyclists where head injuries are the most common severe injuries. According to current standards, the performance of a helmet is only tested against radial impact which is not commonly seen in real accidents. Some studies about helmet design have been published but those helmets have been tested for only a few loading conditions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to use finite element models to evaluate the effect of the helmet’s design on the head in some more loading conditions. A detailed head model was used to evaluate three different helmet designs as well as non-helmet situations. The first helmet (Baseline Helmet) was an ordinary helmet available on the market. The two other helmet designs were a modification of the Baseline helmet with either a lower density of the EPS liner (Helmet 1) or a sliding layer between the scalp and the EPS liner (Helmet 2). Four different impact locations combined with four different impact directions were tested. The study showed that using a helmet can reduce the peak linear acceleration (85%), peak angular acceleration (87%), peak angular velocity (77%) and peak strain in the brain tissue (77%). The reduction of the strain level was dependent on the loading conditions. Moreover, in thirteen of the sixteen loading conditions Helmet 2 gave lowest peak strain. The alteration of the helmet design showed that more can be done to improve the protective effect of the helmet. This study highlighted the need of a modification of current helmet standard test which can lead to helmets with even better protective properties as well as some challenges in implementing new test standards.