gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Salivary Total Protein and Experimental Coriolis Sickness (1993)

Symptomatic reporting has been used in quantifying the severity of motion sickness including Coriolis sickness. This study was designed to objectively examine if the dynamic changes of salivary protein concentration relate to the severity of Coriolis sickness. Healthy adults with normal vestibular function underwent a modified Coriolis Sickness Susceptibility Index (CSSI) test, utilizing a staircase profile. Salivary samples were obtained prior to stimulation, 15, 30, and 45 min following stimulus onset, and/or upon reaching “nausea—II” endpoint. Total protein concentration tended to rise over the initial 30 min of stimulation, and then level off or decline. A statistically significant difference was found between the pre—stimulation and 30 min samples. Although some variability existed among the subjects, the general pattern of changes along the time course was similar. An inverse correlation approaching statistical significance was found between control (non—stimulus) total protein levels, and minutes of Coriolis stimulation required to reach the “nausea—II” endpoint. Thus, baseline salivary total protein levels can be of use in predicting susceptibility of Coriolis sickness and other forms of motion sickness.
Hybrid Orientation Based Human Limbs Motion Tracking Method (2017)

One of the key technologies that lays behind the human-machine interaction and human motion diagnosis is the limbs motion tracking. To make the limbs tracking efficient, it must be able to estimate a precise and unambiguous position of each tracked human joint and resulting body part pose. In recent years, body pose estimation became very popular and broadly available for home users because of easy access to cheap tracking devices. Their robustness can be improved by different tracking modes data fusion. The paper defines the novel approach-orientation based data fusion-instead of dominating in literature position based approach, for two classes of tracking devices: depth sensors (i.e., Microsoft Kinect) and inertial measurement units (IMU). The detailed analysis of their working characteristics allowed to elaborate a new method that let fuse more precisely limbs orientation data from both devices and compensates their imprecisions. The paper presents the series of performed experiments that verified the method's accuracy. This novel approach allowed to outperform the precision of position-based joints tracking, the methods dominating in the literature, of up to 18%.
Catch you if you lie to me: Efficient verifiable conjunctive keyword search over large dynamic encrypted cloud data (2015)

Encrypted data search allows cloud to offer fundamental information retrieval service to its users in a privacy-preserving way. In most existing schemes, search result is returned by a semi-trusted server and usually considered authentic. However, in practice, the server may malfunction or even be malicious itself. Therefore, users need a result verification mechanism to detect the potential misbehavior in this computation outsourcing model and rebuild their confidence in the whole search process. On the other hand, cloud typically hosts large outsourced data of users in its storage. The verification cost should be efficient enough for practical use, i.e., it only depends on the corresponding search operation, regardless of the file collection size. In this paper, we are among the first to investigate the efficient search result verification problem and propose an encrypted data search scheme that enables users to conduct secure conjunctive keyword search, update the outsourced file collection and verify the authenticity of the search result efficiently. The proposed verification mechanism is efficient and flexible, which can be either delegated to a public trusted authority (TA) or be executed privately by data users. We formally prove the universally composable (UC) security of our scheme. Experimental result shows its practical efficiency even with a large dataset.
Innovative Bautechnik im Herzen Asiens – die EXPO 2017 in Astana, Kasachstan (2018)

Im Juni 2017 öffnete die EXPO‐Weltausstellung in Astana, der Hauptstadt von Kasachstan. Die Werner Sobek Stuttgart AG (WSS) war verantwortlich für die Tragwerks‐ und Fassadenplanung der zentralen Bereiche des EXPO‐Geländes, das von ASGG Adrian Smith Gordon Gill Architects aus Chicago entworfen wurde. Neben diversen, organisch geformten Länder‐ und Themen‐„Pavillions“ ist der Kasachstan‐Pavillion ein Meilenstein der Baukunst: Ein riesiges kugelförmiges, neungeschossiges Gebäude mit 80 m Durchmesser, dessen Außenhaut aus sphärisch geformtem Isolierglas besteht. Die EXPO steht ganz im Zeichen nachhaltiger Energie, daher sind seilnetz‐gelagerte Photovoltaik‐Verglasungen und gebäudeintegrierte Windturbinen Bestandteil dieses innovativen Bauwerks.
Effects of strontium doping on microstructure and functional properties of solution-derived potassium sodium niobate thin films (2020)

The effects of strontium doping (0-2mol%) on structure, microstructure and functional properties of potassium sodium niobate (KNN) thin films deposited on Pt(111)/TiOy/SiO2/Si substrates were investigated. Incorporation of Sr up to 1mol% into the KNN crystal lattice hindered the grain growth, vertical roughness and contributed to the fine-grained and dense thin film microstructure with monoclinic crystal syngony. This effectively reduced leakage current and improved ferroelectric characteristics. Higher doping content (2mol%) led to the formation of secondary phases and complete deterioration of functional properties. Stabilization of 1mol% Sr-doped KNN solution with diethanolamine resulted in the film with dielectric constant and losses of 394 and 0.018 at 100 kHz, respectively, leakage current of 3.8 • 10−8 A/cm2 at 100 kV/cm and well saturated ferroelectric hysteresis with Pr of 6.8 μC/cm2 and low Ec of 85 kV/cm. Benefiting from improved leakage current characteristics at high electric fields and less defect structure, the film showed maximal local piezoelectric coefficient, d33 ∼ 110 pm/V determined by piezo-response force microscopy (PFM), ability to reach fully saturated local hysteresis under low switching DC voltage of 15 V, and good ferroelectric domain mobility proven by successful in-situ poling of chosen area using PFM lithography.
Temporal Context Matters: Enhancing Single Image Prediction with Disease Progression Representations (2022)

Clinical outcome or severity prediction from medical images has largely focused on learning representations from single-timepoint or snapshot scans. It has been shown that disease progression can be better characterized by temporal imaging. We therefore hypothesized that outcome predictions can be improved by utilizing the disease progression informationfrom sequential images. We present a deep learning approach that leverages temporal progression information to improve clinical outcome predictions from single-timepoint images. In our method, a self-attention based Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) is used to learn a representation that is most reflective of the disease trajectory. Meanwhile, a Vision Transformer is pretrained in a self-supervised fashion to extract features from single-timepoint images. The key contribution is to design a recalibration module that employs maximum mean discrepancy loss (MMD) to align distributions of the above two contextual representations. We train our system to predict clinical outcomes and severity grades from single-timepoint images. Experiments on chest and osteoarthritis radiography datasets demonstrate that our approach outperforms other state-of-the-art techniques.
CD18-mediated adhesion is required for lung inflammation induced by mononuclear cell-derived extracellular vesicles (2017)

Abstract Extracellular vesicles are submicron vesicles that upregulate the synthesis of proinflammatory mediators by lung epithelial cells. We investigated whether these structures adhere to lung epithelial cells, and whether adhesion is a prerequisite for their proinflammatory activity. Extracellular vesicles were generated by stimulation of normal human mononuclear cells with the calcium ionophore A23187, and labelled with carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester. Adhesion of vesicles to monolayers of immortalized bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) and alveolar cells (A549) was analysed by fluorescence microscopy. The role of candidate adhesion receptors was evaluated with inhibitory monoclonal antibodies and soluble peptides. The synthesis of proinflammatory mediators was assessed by ELISA. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the generation of closed vesicles with an approximate size range between 50 and 600 nm. Adhesion of extracellular vesicles to epithelial cells was minimal in baseline conditions and was upregulated upon stimulation of the latter with tumour necrosis factor-α. Adhesion was blocked by an anti-CD18 antibody and by peptides containing the sequence RGD. The same molecules also blocked the upregulation of the synthesis of interleukin-8 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 induced by extracellular vesicles. Summary statement Extracellular vesicles upregulate the synthesis of proinflammatory mediators by lung epithelial cells. CD18-mediated adhesion to target cells is required for this proinflammatory effect and might represent a target for anti-inflammatory therapy.
Recursive Fisher Linear Discriminant for BCI Applications (2007)

A novel recursive procedure for extracting discriminant features, termed Recursive Fisher Linear Discriminant (RFLD), is applied to brain-computer interface (BCI) problems. Compared to traditional Fisher Linear Discriminant (FLD), RFLD relaxes the constraint on the total number of features that can be extracted. The new RFLD has been tested on motor imagery classification with the electrocorticography (ECoG) signals. The resulting improvement of performance by the new feature extraction scheme suggests the effectiveness of our method.
Turbulent drag reduction by streamwise traveling waves (2012)

For a turbulent channel flow with zero-net-mass-flux surface actuation in the form of streamwise traveling waves we develop a model-based approach to design control parameters that can reduce skin-friction drag. In contrast to the traditional approach that relies on numerical simulations and experiments, we use turbulence modeling in conjunction with stochastically forced linearized equations to determine the effect of small amplitude traveling waves on the drag. Our simulation-free approach is capable of identifying drag reducing trends in traveling waves with various control parameters. High-fidelity simulations are used to verify quality of our theoretical predictions.
The unique characteristic in peripheral immune cells in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (2020)

CD69<sup>-</sup>CD25<sup>-</sup> Naïve CD4αβT cell percentage and dendritic cell percentage in peripheral blood are highly correlated with the advanced HCC status. The change may result from immune evasion initiated by hepatocellular carcinoma cells and further investigation is warranted. Validation study is ongoing and this mechanism may be utilized to treat advanced HCC patient in the future.
Characterization of RNA in exosomes secreted by human breast cancer cell lines using next-generation sequencing (2013)

Exosomes are nanosized (30-100 nm) membrane vesicles secreted by most cell types. Exosomes have been found to contain various RNA species including miRNA, mRNA and long non-protein coding RNAs. A number of cancer cells produce elevated levels of exosomes. Because exosomes have been isolated from most body fluids they may provide a source for non-invasive cancer diagnostics. Transcriptome profiling that uses deep-sequencing technologies (RNA-Seq) offers enormous amount of data that can be used for biomarkers discovery, however, in case of exosomes this approach was applied only for the analysis of small RNAs. In this study, we utilized RNA-Seq technology to analyze RNAs present in microvesicles secreted by human breast cancer cell lines. Exosomes were isolated from the media conditioned by two human breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436. Exosomal RNA was profiled using the Ion Torrent semiconductor chip-based technology. Exosomes were found to contain various classes of RNA with the major class represented by fragmented ribosomal RNA (rRNA), in particular 28S and 18S rRNA subunits. Analysis of exosomal RNA content revealed that it reflects RNA content of the donor cells. Although exosomes produced by the two cancer cell lines shared most of the RNA species, there was a number of non-coding transcripts unique to MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436 cells. This suggests that RNA analysis might distinguish exosomes produced by low metastatic breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-436) from that produced by highly metastatic breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231). The analysis of gene ontologies (GOs) associated with the most abundant transcripts present in exosomes revealed significant enrichment in genes encoding proteins involved in translation and rRNA and ncRNA processing. These GO terms indicate most expressed genes for both, cellular and exosomal RNA. For the first time, using RNA-seq, we examined the transcriptomes of exosomes secreted by human breast cancer cells. We found that most abundant exosomal RNA species are the fragments of 28S and 18S rRNA subunits. This limits the number of reads from other RNAs. To increase the number of detectable transcripts and improve the accuracy of their expression level the protocols allowing depletion of fragmented rRNA should be utilized in the future RNA-seq analyses on exosomes. Present data revealed that exosomal transcripts are representative of their cells of origin and thus could form basis for detection of tumor specific markers.
A Novel Nanocomposite With Photo-Polymerization for Wafer Level Application (2008)

A novel nanocomposite photo-curable material which can act both as a photoresist and a stress redistribution layer applied on the wafer level was synthesized and studied. In the experiments, 20-nm silica fillers were modified by a silane coupling agent through a hydrolysis and condensation reaction and then incorporated into the epoxy matrix. A photo-sensitive initiator was added into the formulation which can release cations after ultraviolet exposure and initiate the epoxy crosslinking reaction. The photo-crosslinking reaction of the epoxy made it a negative tone photoresist. The curing reaction of the nanocomposites was monitored by a differential scanning calorimeter with the photo-calorimetric accessory. The thermal mechanical properties of photo-cured nanocomposites thin film were also measured. It was found that the moduli change of the nanocomposites as the filler loading increasing did not follow the Mori-Tanaka model, which indicated that the nanocomposite was not a simple two-phase structure as the composite with micron size filler. The addition of nano-sized silica fillers reduced the thermal expansion and improved the stiffness of the epoxy, with only a minimal effect on the optical transparency of the epoxy, which facilitated the complete photo reaction in the epoxy.
Structural and Functional Analysis of the MthK K+ Channel RCK Domain (2013)

Regulator of K+ conductance (RCK) domains control the activity of a variety of K+ channels and transporters, including the prokaryotic TrkA/H K+ transport complex and the eukaryotic BK channel, through binding of cytoplasmic ligands such as ATP, H+, and Ca2+. Thus RCK domains transduce ligand binding to gate transmembrane K+ flux in response to signaling events and cellular metabolism, in organisms ranging from bacteria to humans. In this work, I utilize the prokaryotic RCK domain containing K+ channel, MthK as a model system to provide insight toward the structural basis of ion channel gating by RCK domains. In MthK, binding of Ca2+ to an octameric ring of RCK domains (the gating ring) which is tethered to the pore of the channel, leads to a series of conformational changes that facilitates channel opening and K+ conduction. Using electrophysiology and X-ray crystallography, I identify the presence of additional Ca2+ binding sites in the MthK RCK domain, showing that each RCK domain contributes to three different regulatory Ca2+ binding sites, two of which are located at the interfaces between adjacent RCK domains. The additional Ca2+ binding sites, resulting in a stoichiometry of 24 Ca2+ ions per channel, is consistent with the steep relation between [Ca2+] and MthK channel activity. Comparison of Ca2+ bound and unliganded RCK domains suggests a physical mechanism for Ca2+-dependent conformational changes that underlie gating in this class of channels. To gain insight toward mechanisms of RCK domain activation, I crystallized and solved the structure of the RCK domain of MthK bound with Ba2+. The Ba2+-bound RCK domain was assembled as an octomeric gating ring, as observed in structures of the full-length MthK channel, and shows Ba2+ bound at several positions, one of which overlaps with a known Ca2+ binding site. Functionally, I determined that Ba2+ could activate reconstituted MthK channels as observed in electrophysiological recordings. These results suggest a working hypothesis for a sequence of ligand-dependent conformational changes that may underlie RCK domain activation and channel gating. In an effort to more accurately describe the Ca2+-dependent gating process in MthK, I crystallized and solved structures of mutant and wild-type RCK domains, and found that distinct Ca2+ activation sites near the N- and C-termini of the RCK domain (termed C1 and C3, respectively) are allosterically coupled to one another, to affect tuning of Ca2+ affinity and Ca2+-dependent channel activation. These results define a structural mechanism of allosteric modulation in a ligand-gated K+ channel, and provide a framework for understanding similar mechanisms in related RCK-containing channels and transporters.
Efficiency and fair access in Kindergarten allocation policy design (2017)

We examine Kindergarten allocation practices in an Estonian municipality, Harku. Based on our recommendations, the allocation mechanism in Harku was redesigned in 2016. The new mechanism produces a child-optimal stable matching, with priorities primarily based on siblings and distance. We evaluate seven policy designs based on 2016 admission data in order to understand efficiency and fairness trade-offs. In addition to the descriptive data analysis, we conduct a counter-factual policy comparison and sensitivity analysis using computational experiments with generated preferences. We fix the allocation mechanism to be the child-oriented Deferred-Acceptance algorithm, but we vary how the priorities are created by altering sibling and distance factors. Different lotteries are included for breaking ties. We find that different ways of considering the same priority factors can have a significant aggregate effect on the allocation. Additionally, we survey a dozen special features that can create significant challenges (both theoretical and practical) in redesigning the
Pulse Amplitude Modulation (2003)

Abstract Pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) is a modulation method used in digital communication systems to facilitate transmission of digital information. The modulation method is used in baseband as well as carrier‐modulated systems. A PAM modulator maps binary information (bits) into analog waveforms which differ only in amplitude. In this article, we provide a mathematical description of PAM signals. This description is used for investigating their spectral characteristics and is also the foundation for discussing the various elements of PAM receivers. In particular, we consider PAM signal demodulation and detection and give a brief overview of carrier recovery and symbol synchronization.
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction in a Bernese Mountain Dog (2009)

Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction (CIPO) is a rare syndrome characterized by chronic intestinal dilation and dysmotility in the absence of mechanical obstruction. A definite diagnosis of CIPO can only be made after histological examination of intestinal tissues. The present case describes a CIPO in a 2.5-year-old Bernese Mountain dog with a history of recurrent gastro-intestinal complaints suggestive for pseudo-obstruction. Histological lesions of small intestinal samples consisted of severe loss of smooth muscle cells of the tunica muscularis and diffuse infiltration of mononuclear cells. In addition, a hypertrophy of the lamina muscularis mucosa of the small intestinal tract was present. On the basis of these findings and the results of immunohistochemistry, a myopathic form of CIPO was diagnosed.
High performance electrochromic devices based on anodized nanoporous Nb2O5 (2014)

Despite the predictions, the true potential of Nb2O5 for electrochromic applications has yet to be fully realized. In this work, three-dimensional (3D) compact and well-ordered nanoporous Nb2O5 films are synthesized by the electrochemical anodization of niobium thin films. These films are formed using RF sputtering and then anodized in an electrolyte containing ethylene glycol, ammonium fluoride, and small water content (4%) at 50 °C which resulted in low embedded impurities within the structure. Characterization of the anodized films shows that a highly crystalline orthorhombic phase of Nb2O5 is obtained after annealing at 450 °C. The 3D structure provides a template consisting of a large concentration of active sites for ion intercalation, while also ensuring low scattering directional paths for electrons. These features enhance the coloration efficiency to 47.0 cm 2 C -1 (at 550 nm) for a 500 nm thick film upon Li + ion intercalation. Additionally, the Nb2O5 electrochromic device shows a high bleached state transparency and large optical modulation.
Designing Computer Systems with MEMS-based Storage (CMU-CS-00-137) (2018)

For decades the RAM-to-disk memory hierarchy gap has plagued computer architects. An exciting new storage technology based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) is poised to fill a large portion of this performance gap, significantly reduce system power consumption, and enable many new applications. This paper explores the system-level implications of integrating MEMS-based storage into the memory hierarchy. Results show that standalone MEMS-based storage reduces I/O stall times by 4-74X over disks and improves overall application runtimes by 1.9-4.4X. When used as on-board caches for disks, MEMS-based storage improves I/O response time by up to 3.5X. Further, the energy consumption of MEMS-based storage is 10-54X less than that of state-of-the-art low-power disk drives. The combination of the high-level physical characteristics of MEMS-based storage (small footprints, high shock tolerance) and the ability to directly integrate MEMS-based storage with processing leads to such new applications as portable gigabit storage systems and ubiquitous active storage nodes.
Caracterización del Perro de Agua del Cantábrico (2011)

El Perro de Agua del Cantbrico es una poblacin ancestral, cuyos orgenes pueden ser comunes a los del Barbet, que se usaba en labores pesqueras. Morfolgicamente se diferencia del estndar del Perro de Agua Espaol. Se us la informacin proporcionada por 21 marcadores microsatlites en 21 muestras al azar de la poblacin de Perro de Agua del Cantbrico, junto a 108 muestras adicionales de razas prximas (Perro de Agua Espaol, Portugus, Romagnol, Barbet y Caniche). Se calcularon los parmetros de diversidad gentica, los estadsticos de Wright, y se analiz la existencia de una estructura gentica subyaciendo a la informacin molecular utilizada. Genticamente, result evidente la diferenciacin con el resto de razas de agua prximas (F ST medio 0,13). El uso de reproductores dentro de la poblacin ha dado lugar a una gran similitud gentica, sin que se aprecie la existencia de subpoblaciones.