gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimal Temperature and Light Intensity for Improved Mixotrophic Metabolism of Chlorella sorokiniana Treating Livestock Wastewater (2017)

Mixotrophic microalgal growth gives a great premise for wastewater treatment based on photoautotrophic nutrient utilization and heterotrophic organic removal while producing renewable biomass. There remains a need for a control strategy to enrich them in a photobioreactor. This study performed a series of batch experiments using a mixotroph, <i>Chlorella sorokiniana</i>, to characterize optimal guidelines of mixotrophic growth based on a statistical design of the experiment. Using a central composite design, this study evaluated how temperature and light irradiance are associated with CO<sub>2</sub> capture and organic carbon respiration through biomass production and ammonia removal kinetics. By conducting regressions on the experimental data, response surfaces were created to suggest proper ranges of temperature and light irradiance that mixotrophs can beneficially use as two types of energy sources. The results identified that efficient mixotrophic metabolism of <i>Chlorella sorokiniana</i> for organics and inorganics occurs at the temperature of 30-40°C and diurnal light condition of 150-200 μmol E·m<sup>2</sup>·s<sup>-1</sup>. The optimal specific growth rate and ammonia removal rate were recorded as 0.51/d and 0.56/h on average, respectively, and the confirmation test verified that the organic removal rate was 105 mg COD·l<sup>-1</sup>·d<sup>-1</sup>. These results support the development of a viable option for sustainable treatment and effluent quality management of problematic livestock wastewater.
FEDERAL MAHKEME KARARLARİ ARAMA CETVELİ (1956)

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How to prevent adverse events of vascular stapling in thoracic surgery: recommendations based on a clinical and experimental study (2018)

The pulmonary vessel stapling causes stress due to twisting and lifting that decreased stump durability. Avoiding such stress when using stapler for vessels leads to a safer thoracic surgery.
Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of Benzyl Indium Reagents with Aryl Iodides (2008)

Herein described is an operationally simple procedure for generating benzyl indium species from readily available benzyl bromides and indium metal followed by in situ palladium-catalyzed coupling with aryl halides. The procedure provides diarylmethanes in modest to excellent yield and tolerates a variety of functional groups in both coupling partners.
Gradient Field Estimation on Triangle Meshes (2018)

The estimation of the differential properties of a function sampled at the vertices of a discrete domain is at the basis of many applied sciences. In this paper, we focus on the computation of function gradients on triangle meshes. We study one face-based method (the standard the facto), plus three vertex based methods. Comparisons regard accuracy, ability to perform on different domain discretizations, and efficiency. We performed extensive tests and provide an in-depth analysis of our results. Besides some behaviour that is common to all methods, in our study we found that, considering both accuracy and efficiency, some methods are preferable to others. This directly translates to useful suggestions for the implementation of gradient estimators in research and industrial code.
Ultrasonic wave propagation in multilayered piezoelectric substrates (1994)

Due to the increasing demand for higher operating frequency, lower attenuation, and stronger piezoelectricity, use of the layered structure has become necessary. Theoretical studies are carried out for ultrasonic waves propagating in the multilayered piezoelectric substrates. Each layer processes up to as low as monoclinic symmetry with various thickness and orientation. A plane acoustic wave is assumed to be incident, at varied frequency and incidence angle, from a fluid upon a multilayered substrate. Simple analytical expressions for the reflection and transmission coefficients are derived from which all propagation characteristics are identified. Such expressions contain, as a by-product, the secular equation for the propagation of free harmonic waves on the multilayered piezoelectric substrates. Solutions are obtained for the individual layers which relate the field variables at the upper layer surfaces. The response of the total system proceeds by satisfying appropriate interfacial conditions across the layers. Based on the boundary conditions, two cases, {open_quotes}shorted{close_quotes} and {open_quotes}free{close_quotes}, are derived from which a so-called piezoelectric coupling factor is calculated to show the piezoelectric efficiency. Our results are rather general and show that the phase velocity is a function of frequency, layer thickness, and orientation.
Bacterial flora in the duodenum of healthy cats, and effect of dietary supplementation with fructo-oligosaccharides (1998)

Wide quantitative and qualitative variation in the duodenal flora of healthy cats was observed over time, which was not affected by dietary supplementation with FOS.
Mid-term results of anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty for primary osteoarthritis using a short-stemmed cementless humeral component (2018)

Total shoulder arthroplasty using a short-stem humeral component resulted in good clinical outcomes with no evidence of loosening. However, approximately 40% of the shoulders developed substantial bone loss in the proximal humerus at between four and seven years of follow-up. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:603-9.
Phase diagram of a mixed polymer brush (2002)

We investigate the structure and phase behavior of a two-component (binary) polymer brush in a solvent within self-consistent field theory as a function of the chains' stretching, the composition, and the incompatibility. Grafting the chains irreversibly prevents macrophase separation and the chains assemble into three-dimensional structures with lateral periodicity. At small incompatibilities a "ripple" phase is formed where different species aggregate into an array of parallel cylinders. At larger incompatibilities or asymmetric composition two "dimple" phases become stable, where different species form clusters which arrange on a quadratic (checkerboard structure) or hexagonal lattice.
Obsessive–Compulsive Spectrum of Disorders: A Defensible Construct? (2006)

A more fruitful approach may be to consider behaviours and dimensions in OCD and OC spectrum disorders, and that this should be encompassed in further developments of the OC spectrum model.
Evaluation of Cell Wall Yeast as Adsorbent of chratoxin in Broilers Diets (2003)

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CWSC) as an inhibitor of the toxic effects of ochratoxin in broilers from 1 to 42 days of age. A total of 320 broilers was distributed into four treatments with four replicates of 20 birds each: T1 - control; T2 - 0.1% CWSC; T3 - 500 ppb of ochratoxin; T4 - 0.01% CWSC + 500 ppb of ochratoxin. The parameters evaluated were feed intake; weight gain, feed conversion; relative weights of liver, kidneys and bursa of Fabricius. Ochratoxin in diet negatively affected (P > 0.05) the feed intake and weight gain when the birds were 21 and 42 days of age, and affected the feed conversion at 42 days of age. Was no interaction between CWSC and dietary ochratoxin. The CWSC improve the feed conversion of birds exposed or not to ochratoxin at 42 days of age. The ochratoxin or CWSC in diet did not affect the relative weight of organs evaluated. These results reflect that ochratoxin in the level used in diet impaired the feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion of the birds and the CWSC did not ameliorate these parameters in the presence of the ochratoxin. © Asian Network for Scientific Information 2003.
Virtual image display as a backlight for 3D (2013)

We describe a device which has the potential to be used both as a virtual image display and as a backlight. The pupil of the emitted light fills the device approximately to its periphery and the collimated emission can be scanned both horizontally and vertically in the manner needed to illuminate an eye in any position. The aim is to reduce the power needed to illuminate a liquid crystal panel but also to enable a smooth transition from 3D to a virtual image as the user nears the screen.
Heat‐Free Biomimetic Metal Molding on Soft Substrates (2020)

Fabrication of bio-templated metallic structures is limited by differences in properties, processing conditions, packing, and material state(s). Herein, by using undercooled metal particles, differences in modulus and processing temperatures can be overcome. Adoption of autonomous processes such as self-filtration, capillary pressure, and evaporative concentration leads to enhanced packing, stabilization (jamming) and point sintering with phase change to create solid metal replicas of complex bio-based features. Differentiation of subtle differences between cultivars of the rose flower with reproduction over large areas shows that this biomimetic metal patterning (BIOMAP) is a versatile method to replicate biological features either as positive or negative reliefs irrespective of the substrate. Using rose petal patterns, we illustrate the versatility of bio-templated mapping with undercooled metal particles at ambient conditions, and with unprecedented efficiency for metal structures.
Optical Guiding in a Free-Electron Laser (1985)

By use of two-dimensional approximations for the equations that describe a high-gain free-electron laser (FEL) amplifier, and the properties of optical fibers, it is shown that the coherent interaction between the light and the electron beam in an FEL can optically guide the light. In the exponential-gain regime, the FEL performance in the presence of strong diffraction can be simply described by a cubic equation for the complex gain and the dispersion relation for an optical fiber. The phenomenon of optical guiding is illustrated with two-dimensional numerical simulations. The phenomenon has applications to short-wavelength FEL's, to directing of intense light, and to bending of x rays.
ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 Talks (2010)

SIGGRAPH 2010 Talks provide a broad spectrum of presentations on recent achievements in all areas of computer graphics and interactive techniques, including art, design, animation, visual effects, interactivity, research, and engineering.

Talks provide a lightweight alternative to formal publication. They often highlight the latest developments before publication, present ideas that are still in progress, or showcase how computer graphics and interactive techniques are actually implemented and used, in graphics production or other fields. Talks can take you behind the scenes and into the minds of SIGGRAPH 2010 creators.
Author response: Genetic dissection of Down syndrome-associated congenital heart defects using a new mouse mapping panel (2015)

Down syndrome is a condition caused by having an extra copy of one of the 46 chromosomes found inside human cells. Specifically, instead of two copies, people with Down syndrome are born with three copies of chromosome 21. This results in many different effects, including learning and memory problems, heart defects and Alzheimer’s disease. Each of these different effects is caused by having a third copy of one or more of the approximately 230 genes found on chromosome 21. However, it is not known which of these genes cause any of these effects, and how an extra copy of the genes results in such changes. Now, Lana-Elola et al. have investigated which genes on chromosome 21 cause the heart defects seen in Down syndrome, and how those heart defects come about. This involved engineering a new strain of mouse that has an extra copy of 148 mouse genes that are very similar to 148 genes found on chromosome 21 in humans. Like people with Down syndrome, this mouse strain developed heart defects when it was an embryo. Using a series of six further mouse strains, Lana-Elola et al. then narrowed down the potential genes that, when in three copies, are needed to cause the heart defects, to a list of just 39 genes. Further experiments then showed that at least two genes within these 39 genes were required in three copies to cause the heart defects. The next step will be to identify the specific genes that actually cause the heart defects, and then work out how a third copy of these genes causes the developmental problems.
Determination of Ferulic Acid in "MAI-DANG-RU-TONG" Granules by High Performance Capillary Electrophoresis (2007)

Ferulic acid in a ready-made Chinese herbal medicine,called MAI-DANG-RU-TONG(in granules) was determined by high performance capillary zone electrophoresis(HPCZE).Electrophoretic separation was performed on an uncoated fused-silica capillary at 18 ℃.A 12.5 mmol·L-1 borax buffer solution of pH 8.20 was used as moving buffer.Sample introduction was conducted hydrodynamically at 6 kPa for 3 s,with detection wavelength at 200 nm.Linearity was kept in the concentration range of 1-52 mg·L-1 of ferulic acid with correlation coefficient of 0.999 9.Average recovery of 98.77% and RSD value of 1.9% were obtained.Values of intra-day and inter-day RSD were found to be 1.9% and 1.6% respectively.
Complex Gyrator Circuits of Planar Circulators Using Higher Order Modes in a Disk Resonator (1983)

Tire use of resonators or waveguides utilizing higher order modes is often an attractive solution to the design of millimeter microwave networks. This paper investigates the complex gyrator circuit of a planar junction circulator employing higher order solntions in a disk resonator. The first such solution displays many of the features of weakly magnetized junctions using the dominant mode in a disk resonator, but its loaded Q-factor is incompatible with the realization of quarter-wave coupled devices. Although the second one exhibits more useful equivalent circuits, it requires a relatively large magnetization, which is not altogether practical at millimeter frequencies. A circulator configuration that has a frequency response akin to that of a quarter-wave coupled one is one where the in-phase eigennetwork is degenerate with those of the demagnetized counter-rotating eigennetworks. The degeneracy between the in-phase limit, TM/sub 2, 0, -2/ and the second-order counter-rotating limit, TM/sub 1, 1, -2/ modes, in an oversized irregular hexagonal resonator, is used in this paper to construct such a device.
AVALIAÇÃO DE SENSORES DO TIPO IRRIGAS PARA O CONTROLE DA IRRIGAÇÃO EM HORTALIÇAS CULTIVADAS EM SUBSTRATO (2005)

AVALIAÇÃO DE SENSORES DO TIPO IRRIGASÒ PARA O CONTROLE DA IRRIGAÇÃO EM HORTALIÇAS CULTIVADAS EM SUBSTRATO Waldir Aparecido Marouelli; Adonai Gimenez Calbo; Osmar Alves CarrijoEmpresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Hortaliças,Caixa Postal 218, Brasília/DFwaldir@cnph.embrapa.br 1 RESUMO Avaliou-se a viabilidade técnica de três protótipos de sensores de tensão matricial de 7 kPa, baseados no princípio de funcionamento do IrrigasÒ, para determinação do momento de irrigação em substratos de fibra de coco verde e comercial cultivados com plantas de pimentão. Os protótipos construídos em discos de vidro e de tecido não apresentaram sensibilidade às variações de umidade nos substratos avaliados, provavelmente devido à pequena superfície porosa em contato com o substrato. Por outro lado, as leituras dos sensores construídos em cápsula cerâmica porosa apresentaram alta correlação com as dos tensiômetros, mostrando-se viáveis para o manejo da irrigação em hortaliças do tipo fruto cultivadas em substratos. Adicionalmente, os sensores com cápsula cerâmica não requereram qualquer tipo de manutenção durante o período de avaliação, indicando serem altamente viáveis para o controle da irrigação em substratos. UNITERMOS: Capsicum annuum L., sensor de umidade, tensiômetro, cultivo sem solo. MAROUELLI, W. A.; CALBO, A. G.; CARRIJO, O. A.VIABILITY EVALUATION OF IRRIGASÒ SENSORS FOR IRRIGATION SCHEDULING ON VEGETABLE CROPS GROWING ON SUBSTRATES 2 ABSTRACT Three 7-kPa matrix tension sensor prototypes, based on the working principle of IrrigasÒ, were tested to schedule irrigation on coconut fibers and commercial substrates cultivated with bell pepper plants. The sensors made with glass and textiles discs were not sensitive to moisture changes on both substrates, due probably to the small porosity surface in contact with the substrate. On the other hand, the correlation between porous ceramic capsule and tensiometer readings was highly significant. Besides, ceramic type IrrigasÒ did not require any type of maintenance during the evaluation period, an indication of toughness. Thus, the ceramic sensor showed to be highly viable for irrigation scheduling on fruit-type vegetable crops growing on substrates. KEYWORDS: Capsicum annuum L., moisture sensor, tensiometer, soil less culture.
Linking electoral realignment to welfare politics: an assessment of partisan effects on active labour market policy in post-industrial democracies (2021)

Abstract This article examines the political determinants of the variations in active labour market policies across advanced democracies. Specifically, it investigates the conditions under which a welfare state accommodates rather than disregards the interests of labour market outsiders. Relying on the literature on post-industrial electoral realignment, this article argues that ideological orientations not only in socio-economic but also in sociocultural dimensions dictate the policy preferences of political parties for labour market programmes. This study then hypothesizes that libertarian governments are more likely than authoritarian governments to support human capital formation of labour market outsiders. An analysis of cabinet-based periodization data of 21 advanced industrialized countries from 1985 to 2017 shows that left- and right-libertarian governments favour public spending on active labour market programmes, thereby supporting this study’s hypothesis. Furthermore, it also reveals that while left-libertarian governments increase expenditures for direct job creation schemes, right-libertarian ones do so for employment assistance and training programmes.
Weak Acid–Base Interaction Induced Assembly for the Synthesis of Diverse Hollow Nanospheres (2011)

We have established a novel and generalizable hydrothermal synthesis for diverse hollow nanospheres, which cover polymer, carbon, graphitic carbon, and metal-doped carbon hollow nanospheres. The synthesis principle is based on the weak acid–base interaction (−COO–/NH4+/–COO–) induced assembly. That is, the ammonium cations from the reactant ammonia act as a trigger for the assembly of COO– group-containing polymer around surfactant oleic acid micelles through the weak interaction between carboxylate anion and ammonium ion. Consequently, hollow polymer nanospheres (HPSs) with diameters ranging from 100 to 200 nm and hollow core sizes ranging from 30 to 80 nm can be synthesized. It was determined that approximately 61% of the added amount of NH3 participates is retained in the HPS product. Taking these HPSs as the precursor, hollow carbon nanospheres (HCSs) with tunable surface areas can be obtained by varying the preparation conditions. More importantly, owing to the presence of the COO– functional groups, a wide range of metal cations (e.g., Fe3+ and Ag+) can be successfully introduced into these HPSs, so that they can then be converted to hollow graphitized nanospheres and Ag-doped catalytically active HCSs.
Clinical significance of bone morphogenetic activity in osteosarcoma. A study of 20 cases (1985)

Bone morphogenetic activity of osteosarcomas from 20 patients was assayed. The activity was demonstrated as ectopic bone formation on implantation of a lyophilized fraction of the tumor into athymic nude mice in 8 of 20 cases. Osteosarcomas producing bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) differed in clinical features from those not producing BMP. They were characterized radiologically by perpendicular spicules, histologically by osteoblastic type cells, and clinically by an increased serum alkaline phosphatase level, relative resistance to preoperative chemotherapy with Adriamycin (doxorubicin) plus high-dose methotrexate, and a tendency to metastasize to other bones and the lungs.
Acoustical Characteristics of an Open-Ended Duct with Flow (1974)

The acoustical characteristics of an open-ended, rigid-walled duct carrying flows with mean velocities up to half the speed of sound have been studied. The pressure reflection coefficients from the upstream and downstream ends of the duct have been measured, and the results have been used in the evaluation of the Green's function for the duct. The bandwidths of the duct resonances have been determined as a function of the Mach number, and it is demonstrated that the resonances practically disappear at sufficiently high Mach numbers. The steady-state pressure distribution in a duct from a source inside the duct is measured, as well as the response of the duct to an external sound source. The results are discussed in the light of calculated results. [This work was supported by the U.S. Navy (Office of Naval Research) by Contract N00014-67-A-0204-0019.]
LWIR QWIP focal plane array mounting with cryogenic optical system (2007)

We present progress on developing a mechanical and thermal isolation package for maintaining multi-stage temperature control for various parts of a dewar package. Our long-wave QWIP focal plane is maintained at 40K while our optics package, which is at close proximity (~2mm) to the FPA, is maintained at 80K. Radiative baffling is controlled at acceptable levels using high conductance heat sinks, while conductance loads are minimized using proper insulating materials (polyimide synthetics) in combination with materials to preserve high structural stiffness (titanium, invar). Furthermore, the optics package is held at low cryogenic temperatures only ~ 6mm from the ZnSe dewar window. An effort is made to keep the complete electro-optical system at these low temperatures independently using only a single 10W low EM-noise closed cycle cryocooler. Proper geometry is defined which takes into account thermal symmetries and mechanical structural stability, while maintaining the necessary external 300K heat sinks. Both conductance and radiative loading on the opto-mechanical structure are examined using finite element analysis and proper heat sinking is established to thermally isolate the optics within the dewar jacket while maintaining proper structural stability. A custom LCC is designed which maximizes the thermal expansion budget between the FPA and optics package, while necessary structural mounting of the electronics boards are coupled with the dewar coldfinger.
Magnetische Übergitter: Oszillierende Zwischenschichtkopplungen in magnetischen Schichtsystemen (1993)

Abstract Für die Austauschkopplung magnetischer Schichten über eine metallische Zwischenschicht der Dicke d 0 findet man in Abhängigkeit von d 0 in vielen Fällen stark gedämpfte Oszillationen mit Wellenlängen von 10–20 Monolagen. Bei hinreichender Schichtqualität zeigen sich manchmal noch kurzperiodige Oszillationen mit Wellenlängen von wenigen Monolagen. Es wird vermutet, daß diese Kopplung über die Leitungselektronen der Zwischenschicht zustandekommt. Mit dem Studium dieser Kopplung kann man die elektronischen Eigenschaften von Metallen und Legierungen untersuchen. Gleichzeitig ergeben sich neue geschichtete magnetische Materialien mit interessanten technischen Anwendungen.