gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2015: Survival from Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest is Better for Children than Adults: The ROC Epistry-Cardiac Arrest (2007)

Objectives Population-based data for pediatric cardiac arrest are scant and concentrated from large urban areas. The Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (ROC) Epistry-Cardiac Arrest is a prospective population-based EMS registry of out-of-hospital non-traumatic cardiac arrest (OHCA). The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of OHCA in patients &lt;20 yrs. Methods Design : Prospective population based cohort study with uniform data definitions. Setting : 11 US and Canadian urban and rural sites participating in the ROC. Population : Persons &lt;20 years who receive CPR by EMTs and/or receive a bystander AED shock or are pulseless but receive no EMS resuscitation between 12/2005 thru 11/2006. Hypothesis : Survival from pediatric OHCA is less than adult survival. Survival is discharge from hospital. Patients were divided in 3 groups: &lt;1 yr, 1–11 yrs, 12–&lt;20 yrs. Adult data derived from same registry, n = 16829. Results Data from 389 OHCAs in children were submitted: 315 (81%) patients received EMS treatment. Table 1 shows data from all children with OHCA. Table 2 shows EMS-treated OHCAs. Survival of pediatric patients was statistically better than adults for all OHCAs (7.5% vs. 3.9%, p &lt; 0.009) and for EMS-treated OHCAs (9.2% vs 6.9% p = 0.001). EMS scene time was &lt;10 minutes for 22% of children vs 3.6% of adults, p &lt; 0.001. Conclusions Survival from OHCA is better among children than adults, and this current survival rate is better than most previous studies. Bystander CPR is provided for &lt;40% of all patients. Ventricular fibrillation occurs in all age groups. Short scene times are more common in infants and children, suggesting a scoop and run approach for younger patients. Table 1 Baseline Characteristics for all OHCA Patients Table 2 EMS-Treated OHCA Patients
Dications of Fluorenylidenes:  Conformational and Electronic Effects on the Paratropicity/Antiaromaticity of Fluorenyl Cations with Cyclic Substituents (1997)

Oxidation of tetrabenzofulvalene derivatives 1−5 containing fluorenylidene and 5−7-membered rings resulted in the formation of dications which are effectively fluorenyl cations with perpendicular cyclic substituents. The observed paratropicity of the fluorenyl cation in these systems is attributed to an antiaromatic ring current, after evaluation of the effects of geometry, charge density, and polarity of the medium, and is dependent on the geometry and electronic character of the cyclic substituent. A linear relationship between the 1H shifts of appropriate protons of the fluorenyl system and 13C shift of carbon a suggests that the effect of the substituent is transmitted through cross-hyperconjugation.
Efficient water splitting catalyzed by flexible NiP2 nanosheet array electrodes under both neutral and alkaline solutions (2017)

NiP<sub>2</sub>/CC exhibits high activity and stability under both neutral and alkaline solutions towards both oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions.
Hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement: time to learn! (2008)

Portal hypertension is a clinical syndrome defined by a pathological increase in portal pressure. The development of cirrhosis of the liver is characterized by clinical manifestations related to portal hypertension like esophageal varices, ascites, bleeding, and encephalopathy. Direct measurement of portal pressure is invasive, inconvenient, and clinically impractical. Currently, the most commonly used parameter is the Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient (HVPG), i.e., the difference between the wedged (WHVP) and the free hepatic venous pressures. HVPG represents the gradient between pressures in the portal vein and the intra-abdominal portion of inferior vena cava. When blood flow in a hepatic vein is stopped by a wedged catheter, the proximal static column of blood transmits the pressure from the preceding communicated vascular territory (hepatic sinusoids) to the catheter. Thus, WHVP reflects hepatic sinusoidal pressure and not the portal pressure itself. In the normal liver, due to pressure equilibration through interconnected sinusoids, wedged pressure is slightly lower than portal pressure, though this difference is clinically insignificant. In liver cirrhosis, the static column created by balloon inflation cannot be decompressed at the sinusoidal level due to disruption of the normal intersinusoidal communications; therefore, WHVP gives an accurate estimation of portal pressure in cirrhosis. The normal HVPG value is between 1 to 5 mmHg. Pressure higher than this defines the presence of portal hypertension, regardless of clinical evidence. HVPG >or= 10 mmHg (termed clinically significant portal hypertension) is predictive of the development of complications of cirrhosis, including death. HVPG above 12 mmHg is the threshold pressure for variceal rupture. The main advantages of HVPG are its simplicity, reproducibility, and safety. This review summarizes the technique of the HVPG measurement.
Mechanism of reaction of silica and carbon for producing silicon carbide (2019)

The reaction kinetics of carbon reduction of silica were investigated using thermodynamic concepts and by fitting to relevant models the experimental data obtained for this reduction using a thermogravimetric unit in the temperature range of 1566 to 1933 K. The results show that the only way to produce SiC in this reduction is the reaction of Si, SiO, or SiO 2 at the surface or by diffusion of SiO inside the carbon particles while CO and CO 2 have no direct effect on the process. The controlling step of this reduction at temperatures lower than 1750 K is the chemical gas–solid or solid–solid reaction at the surface of the carbon particles, while at higher temperatures, the rate of SiO diffusing inside the carbon particles controls the rate of this reduction.
Structural studies on oxalate decarboxylase from Photorhabdus luminescens (2014)

As a part of exploration of novel bacterial genes coding for insecticidal proteins, we have initiated structural and functional studies on oxalate decarboxylase from Photorhabdus luminescens, a symbiotic bacteria inhabiting guts of nematodes that parasitize insects. Oxalate decarboxylases (OXDC) are enzymes that catalyze the conversion of oxalate to formate and carbondioxide (CO2) in the presence of manganese and dioxygen. Structures of OXDC in complex with ethylene glycol (EDO), EDO/formate (FMT) and FMT/CO2 were determined at resolutions of 1.97Å, 2.36Å and 2.5Å, respectively. The asymmetric unit of these crystals contained a trimeric molecule. A protomer of the enzyme consists of two β-barrel domains belonging to the cupin family of proteins. All the three ligand bound structures of OXDC resemble the closed form of OXDC from B. subtilis reported earlier. Comparison of these structures with the open and closed forms of B. subtilis OXDC indicated that the conformation of Glu166 (corresponding to Glu162 of B. subtilis) in cupin domain I but not in domain II is in a conformation suitable to function as the catalytic base/acid and hence only domain I may be catalytically active. It is observed that the hydrogen bonding interaction between Arg95 and Thr169 of cupin domain I is essential for the positioning of Glu166 for catalysis. A corresponding threonine residue is absent in cupin domain II. An analysis of the similarities and differences between OXDC structures from P. luminescens and other reported bacterial OXDC structures and oxalate oxidase from Hordeum vulgare has been carried out with the view of understanding substrate and functional specificities of these enzymes. The structure provides the molecular framework required to investigate the mode of action of the enzyme, which may be a suitable candidate for developing P. luminescens as a bio-insecticide against plant pests.
Zinc finger protein 637 protects cells against oxidative stress-induced premature senescence by mTERT-mediated telomerase activity and telomere maintenance (2014)

Oxidative stress is believed to be an important inducer of cellular senescence and aging. Zinc finger protein 637 (Zfp637), which belongs to the Krüppel-like protein family, has been hypothesized to play a role in oxidative stress. Nevertheless, the precise function of Zfp637 has seldom been reported, and it remains unclear whether Zfp637 is involved in oxidative stress-induced premature senescence. In this study, we show that the endogenous expression levels of Zfp637 and mouse telomerase reverse transcriptase (mTERT) are downregulated during oxidative stress-induced premature senescence and in senescent tissues from naturally aged mice. The overexpression of Zfp637 markedly increases mTERT expression and telomerase activity, maintains telomere length, and inhibits both H2O2 and D-galactose-induced senescence accompanied by a reduction in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In contrast, the knockdown of Zfp637 significantly aggravates cellular senescence by downregulating mTERT and telomerase activity, accelerating telomere shortening, and increasing ROS accumulation. In addition, the protective effect of Zfp637 against premature senescence is abrogated in the absence of mTERT. We further confirm that Zfp637 binds to and transactivates the mTERT promoter (-535/-502) specifically. As a result, the mTERT-mediated telomerase activity and telomere maintenance are responsible for the protective effect of Zfp637 against oxidative stress-induced senescence. We therefore propose that Zfp637 prevents oxidative stress-induced premature senescence in an mTERT-dependent manner, and these results provide a new foundation for the investigation of cellular senescence and aging.
Transition between two next-nearest-neighbor phases in a mixed Langmuir monolayer. A study by grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction and Brewster-angle microscopy (2000)

Grazing incidence x-ray diffraction and Brewster-angle microscopy measurements have been undertaken for a mixed Langmuir monolayer of octadecanoic acid and methyl octadecanoate. For the composition studied (49.7 mol % ester) there are two noncrystalline tilted phases, one at low pressure in which the chains point to their nearest neighbors (L2 phase) and a higher-pressure phase in which the tilt is toward next-nearest neighbors. The higher-pressure phase arises from a merger of the L2′ and Ov phases, which are separated in the pure acid. A continuous change between the two regions is observed rather than a first-order transition, as had been suggested. The results are discussed with reference to different proposals for the origin of two distinct next-nearest neighbor tilted mesophases: the presence of one-dimensional chain backbone order [V. M. Kaganer and E. B. Loginov, Phys. Rev. E 51, 2237 (1995)] and a coupling between tilt and distortion [E. Sirota, Langmuir 13, 3849 (1997)].
S2-imaging of Bessel-like Beams (2013)

Bessel-like beams generated in a double cladding fiber are characterized for the first time using S2-imaging. The wavelength independence across the beam is examined numerically.
Calcium binding of bovine protein S. Effect of thrombin cleavage and removal of the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing region. (1986)

Thrombin cleaves protein S at arginine residues 52 and 70 resulting in loss of cofactor activity and reduced Ca2+ ion binding. After thrombin cleavage the NH2-terminal region containing gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) is linked to the large COOH-terminal fragment by a disulfide bond. Measurements of the rate of disulfide bond reduction by thioredoxin in intact protein S showed that the disulfide bonds are largely inaccessible to thioredoxin in the presence of Ca2+ ions, whereas in the presence of EDTA apparently all of the disulfide bonds are rapidly reduced. Probing the reactivity of the disulfide bonds in thrombin-modified proteins indicated that the thrombin cleavage induces a conformational change in the protein. After thrombin cleavage of protein S, the domain containing gamma-carboxyglutamic acid could be removed by selective reduction with thioredoxin followed by alkylation of the sulfhydryl groups. Ca2+ ion binding was compared in intact protein S, thrombin-modified protein S, and Gla domainless protein S. The intact protein S bound several Ca2+ ions, and the binding was not saturable. Thrombin-modified protein S, whether intact or with the Gla domain removed by selective reduction, bound two to three Ca2+ ions with a KD of 15-20 microM. The Gla domain in thrombin-modified protein S thus does not contribute significantly to the high affinity Ca2+ ion binding. Thrombin cleavage of protein S may be of physiological importance in the regulation of blood coagulation.
A Novel Electrically Tunable Long-Period Fiber Grating Using a Liquid Crystal Cladding Layer (2010)

The main aim of the presented work is the integration of a long-period fiber grating and a liquid crystal into a hybrid structure, in order to develop an innovative fiber optic device controlled by an external electric field. The studied long-period fiber grating was fabricated using UV irradiation in a boron co-doped fiber (PS1250/ 1500, manufactured by Fibercore). As a liquid crystal we used a typical 5CB nematic liquid crystal. The sensing mechanism of the proposed loss filter relies on long-period fiber grating attenuation bands sensitivity to optical properties of the liquid crystal layer. The results obtained show that the long-period fiber grating with a nanosized liquid crystal layer exhibits one order of magnitude higher electrical sensitivity and a lower level of the voltage control than the long-period fiber grating with a micro-sized liquid crystal layer.
Expression and secretion of human recombinant LIF by genetically modified mammalian cells (2011)

Aim. The aim of this work was to express the human LIF gene in mammalian cells and to study the secretion of recombinant LIF into culture medium. Methods. Recombinant LIF was detected by Western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation in culture medium of CHO-K1, L-M (TK -) (ins + ), 293 cells, transfected with recombinant plasmids containing human LIF gene. Results. The recombi-nant plasmids. containing human gene LIF, were constructed. The cells of three (CHO-K1, L-M (TK -) (ins + ), 293) mammalian lines were transfected with these plasmids. It was shown that the transfected mammalian cells secreted recombinant human LIF which was characterized by variable degree of glycosylation including completely glycosylated form (approximately 68 kD). onclusions. The conditioned medium of developed cell lines can be used as a soure of human recombinant LIF for different purposes, including purification of human recombinant LIF and as an additional supplement for cell culturing.
Des Assises du socialisme au congrès de Pau : construire le grand parti des socialistes ? (2015)

Les semaines qui suivent l’élection présidentielle de mai 1974, malgré la courte défaite électorale de François Mitterrand, sont un moment d’euphorie pour la gauche socialiste, qui cherche immédiatement à capitaliser la dynamique d’une victoire morale. Le 25 mai 1974, le candidat malheureux, à la suite d’une réunion du comité directeur du PS, lance un appel aux organisations de la gauche socialiste pour la tenue d’une vaste rencontre à l’automne 1974, en vue de parfaire l’unité. Le PSU répond...
Signal and noise in a coherent optical communication system using raman amplifier (1989)

Abstract We present analytical expressions for the signal and the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise in a coherent optical system using Raman amplification. The results show that the signal spectrum is unaffected by the amplifier and the ASE noise can be thought of as additive white Gaussian noise within the signal bandwidth.
Effects of Certain Hydroxamic Acids on L-Glutamate 1-Carboxy-lyase (1969)

Over 50 hydroxamic acids (HA) were surveyed for inhibitory action against bacterial and vegetable glutamic acid carboxy-lyase (GCL). Appreciable activity against the bacterial enzyme was shown by 7 compounds. These 7, in addition to 2 others, also inhibited the vegetable enzyme. Four HA stimulated the activity of the vegetable enzyme, but none had a similar effect on bacterial GCL. Kinetic studies indicated that inhibition was predominantly competitive with substrate, but with the exception of 1 compound, was also antagonized by pyridoxal phosphate (PyP). Certain of the active inhibitors interacted with PyP in a nonenzymatic system as shown by changes in the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the coenzyme, but this property was not a requisite for GCL inhibitory action.
Evidence against chronic antigen‐specific T lymphocyte activation in myasthenia gravis (1996)

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an antigen-specific autoimmune disease caused by antibodies against acetylcholine receptors (AChR) at the post-synaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction. Clinical and immunological data imply the involvement of AChR-specific T lymphocytes as helper cells for autoantibody production. Direct data to support this hypothesis, however, remain sparse. In the present study, a large population of MG patients was studied for evidence of peripheral blood T cell activation by several assays. Assays based on non-specific measurements of T cell activation as well as assays of antigen-specific clonal expansion were utilized. Levels of soluble IL-2 receptor in serum were modestly elevated in some patients, suggesting T cell activation. However, peripheral blood cells did not show evidence of IL-2 receptor expression or enhanced reactivity to IL-2 in culture. Clonable T cells selected for hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (hprt) mutation, another non-antigen-specific marker for T cell activation, were not seen with increased frequency except in patients treated with purine analogs. Antigen-specific T cell activation was measured by proliferation assays using heterologous and autologous sources of AChR. Antigen-restimulated peripheral blood cell cultures were cloned by limiting dilution. The vast majority of patients failed to show convincing evidence of AChR specific T cell activation or clonal expansion; only 2 of 44 patients demonstrated clonable autologous AChR-specific T cells. An alternative hypothesis of T cell involvement in MG is proposed in which T cell activation is discontinuous and predominately directed at antigens other than AChR. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
References (2013)

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Analysis of Heuristic Uniform Theory of Diffraction Coefficients for Electromagnetic Scattering Prediction (2018)

We discuss three sets of heuristic coefficients used in uniform theory of diffraction (UTD) to characterize the electromagnetic scattering in realistic urban scenarios and canonical examples of diffraction by lossy conducting wedges using the three sets of heuristic coefficients and the Malyuzhinets solution as reference model. We compare not only the results of the canonical models but also their implementation in real outdoor scenarios. To predict the coverage of mobile networks, we used propagation models for outdoor environments by using a 3D ray-tracing model based on a brute-force algorithm for ray launching and a propagation model based on image theory. To evaluate each set of coefficients, we analyzed the mean and standard deviation of the absolute error between estimates and measured data in Ottawa, Canada; Valencia, Spain; and Cali, Colombia. Finally, we discuss the path loss prediction for each set of heuristic UTD coefficients in outdoor environment, as well as the comparison with the canonical results.
SPLASHING PHENOMENA DURING LIQUID DROPLET IMPACT (2010)

Splashing is a phenomenon often observed during liquid droplet impact onto a solid surface. The threshold of splashing is known to be related to droplet size, impact velocity, and physical properties of the liquid, but the mechanisms that initiate splashing are not understood completely. In accordance with the Kelvin-Helmholtz (K-H) instability analysis, recent studies have shown that ambient gas density has a significant effect on the threshold and trajectory of splashing. In this study, the effects of droplet velocity, impact angle, and ambient gas pressure (or density) on the threshold of splashing and the motion of the ambient gas surrounding the droplet were examined. Experimental observations of splashing were carried out with a droplet of 1.7 mm in diameter, while varying droplet velocity, impact angle, and ambient pressure. An empirical correlation was derived using our and other published data to determine the threshold of splashing based on the aforementioned parameters. Also, a numerical simulation using the volume of fluid method was carried out to calculate the gas velocities surrounding the droplet during impact. The results of this model gave supportive evidence that K-H instability is a suitable instability theory that helps explain the splash phenomenon with consideration of the gas motion surrounding the droplet.
Cellular reservoirs of HIV-1 in the central nervous system of infected individuals (1996)

These findings demonstrate that several cell types in the CNS, in addition to microglia or macrophages, may become infected with HIV-1 in vivo with variable levels of HIV-1 mRNA expression. The diverse cellular reservoirs for HIV-1 in the CNS may be critically linked to the molecular mechanisms involved in HIV-1 neuropathogenesis. In addition, in vivo infection of MVEC, and possibly cells in the choroid plexus, may directly contribute to penetration of the blood-brain barrier by HIV-1.
HOFS: Higher order mutual information approximation for feature selection in R (2022)

Feature selection is a process of choosing a subset of relevant features so that the quality of predictive models can be improved. An extensive body of work exists on information-theoretic feature selection, based on maximizing Mutual Information (MI) between subsets of features and class labels. The current methods use a lower order approximation, by treating the joint entropy as a summation of several single variable entropies. This leads to locally optimal selections and misses correlated (multi-way) non-local feature combinations. In this article we present a higher order MI-based approximation technique called Higher Order Feature Selection (HOFS) implemented in R software. Instead of producing a single list of features, our method produces a ranked collection of feature subsets that maximizes MI, giving better comprehension (feature ranking) as to which features work best together when selected, due to their underlying interdependence. We demonstrate that the proposed method performs better than existing feature selection approaches while keeping similar running times and computational complexity.
Impact of intracoronary bone marrow cell transfer on diastolic function in patients after acute myocardial infarction: results from the BOOST trial (2006)

Intracoronary autologous BMC transfer improves echocardiographic parameters of diastolic function in patients after AMI.