gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTS OF CEREBELLAR STIMULATION ON THE STRETCH REFLEX IN THE SPASTIC MONKEY (1982)

The effects of stimulating the cerebellar surface on abnormal segmental reflexes were examined in monkeys rendered spastic by either bilateral or unilateral decortication of areas 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6. Rectified, integrated electromyographic (EMG) activity from the biceps and triceps as well as the torque were recorded and averaged during successive flexion-extension movements of the arm produced by a displacement controlled torque motor. Two movement paradigms were employed. The first consisted of a ramp and hold paradigm with an initial rapid flexion of the forearm, a subsequent two second period during which the arm position was held constant, and a rapid extension returning the limb to the initial position. In the second paradigm, the forearm was modulated sinusoidally at several different frequencies. Cerebellar stimulating electrodes were placed over the paravermal region bilaterally. Different frequencies (10 to 300 Hz) and different charge densities (1.5 to 10 μC/cm2) were used in each animal. In each experimental trial short periods of cerebellar stimulation (10 to 30 minutes) were interspersed between control periods. As observed in some types of clinical spasticity, flexion or extension of the extremity was capable of evoking coactivation of the biceps and triceps. Cerebellar surface stimulation reduced the amplitude of the phasic and tonic stretch reflexes recorded from the triceps during flexion and decreased the abnormal triceps response during passive shortening. The biceps response to stretch was increased by cerebellar stimulation and its abnormal response to flexion was decreased. These combined effects modified the organization of the segmental reflexes, producing a more normal reciprocal relationship of the EMG activity in the biceps and triceps. Evaluation of many different combinations of stimulus parameters revealed that not only the magnitude of the passive reflex but also the nature of the effect was dependent on stimulus parameters. Although these studies demonstrate an improvement in the abnormal reflexes present in spastic primates, they emphasize the complexities of the response evoked by cerebellar stimulation and the importance of stimulus parameters in the modifications produced by this technique.
Strategies in anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug discovery based on phenotypic screening (2019)

The rise of multi- and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) strains and co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus has escalated the need for new anti-M. tb drugs. Numerous challenges associated with the M. tb, in particular slow growth and pathogenicity level 3, discouraged use of this organism in past primary screening efforts. From current knowledge of the physiology and drug susceptibility of mycobacteria in general and M. tb specifically, it can be assumed that many potentially useful drug leads were missed by failing to screen directly against this pathogen. This review discusses recent high-throughput phenotypic screening strategies for anti-M. tb drug discovery. Emphasis is placed on prioritization of hits, including their extensive biological and chemical profiling, as well as the development status of promising drug candidates discovered with phenotypic screening.
Die historische Entwicklung der Koordinationschemie: von einer Anzahl obskurer Einzelergebnisse zu einer interdisziplinären Wissenschaft (1998)

Dieses Kapitel beinhaltet: Die Entwicklung der Koordinationschemie in der Zeit vor der Konstitutionstheorie Alfred Werners: die wichtigsten Komplexverbindungen Alfred Werners Koordinationstheorie: „Eine geniale Frechheit”. Die Entwicklung der Koordinationschemie im 20. Jahrhundert
Two-Stage Combustion of PVC-Containing Wastes with HCI Recovery: An Experimental Assessment (2005)

In this article, the design of a test facility for a two-stage combustion process is presented, and an assessment of waste PVC (polyvinyl chlorine) processing is reported. The test facility contained two fluidized bed reactors. The first reactor was a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) that was operated in the temperature range 200–400°C and the second reactor was a circulating fluidized bed combustor (CFBC) that operated at 700–900°C. The process idea was based on the fact that PVC can be decomposed into recoverable HCl and low-chlorine or chlorine-free residue by heating to a temperature of around 300–350°C. The design of the test facility was based on a kinetic decomposition calculation for PVC, design procedures found in the literature, and on the theoretic analysis results from using a process simulation software (PROSIM). Details for all important parts of the process are discussed. Results from pyrolysis/de-hydrochlorination of the PVC and char combustion tests using a waste PVC sewage pipe are presented. It shows that PVC (chlorine content > 50%wt) can be converted into HCl and a char (chlorine content 2.6%wt) plus small amounts of by-products. Keywords: HCl recoveryPVC combustionpyrolysissolid waste Acknowledgments Funding and support from the Finnish Technology Agency TEKES, Foster Wheeler Energia Oy, Finnish Plastics Industries Federation, and Borealis Polymers Oy is acknowledged, as well as the support from Prof. Carl-Johan Fogelholm from Helsinki University of Technology, Javier Pallarés Ranz, visiting from the University of Zaragoza, Spain, and Antti Komulainen from Endat Oy. Notes a Not analyzed.
LASER GATE EXPERIMENT FOR REDUCING ENERGY COUPLING LOSSES IN MAGNETIZED LINER INERTIAL FUSION (MAGLIF). (2020)

Abstract not provided.
Zn2+‐Complexation by a β‐Peptidic Helix and Hairpin Containing β3hCys and β3hHis Building Blocks: Evidence from CD Measurements. Preliminary Communication (2003)

Abstract Two new β 3 ‐homohistidine‐ and β 3 ‐homocysteine‐containing β ‐peptides have been prepared by solid‐phase synthesis. A β ‐octapeptide ( 2 ) contains seven β 3 ‐amino acids and one β 2 ‐amino acid. The β 2 / β 3 segment has been placed in the middle of this peptide, which contains β 3 ‐amino acids of alternating configuration, to induce the formation of a hairpin secondary structure. A β ‐decapeptide ( 3 ) has been designed to fold to a 3 14 ‐helical secondary structure with neighboring His side chains in 6‐ and 9‐positions. Circular‐dichroism (CD) measurements show the capability of both peptides to bind Zn 2+ ions in aqueous solution. In the case of the β ‐octapeptide, binding of Zn 2+ causes a dramatic change of the CD spectrum, indicating a change or a stabilization of its secondary structure. Zn 2+ Ions clearly stabilize the 3 14 ‐helix of the β ‐decapeptide, in neutral and basic solution. For the construction of the two new β ‐peptides, we needed to have a supply of the β ‐amino acid derivatives Fmoc‐ β 3 hCys(Trt)‐OH and Fmoc‐ β 3 hHis(Trt)‐OH, the preparation of which is described herein.
Surgical Treatment of Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament (2018)

Butler, Joseph S. PhD, FRCS; Lendner, Mayan BS; Fang, Taolin MD; Vaccaro, Alexander R. MD, PhD, MBA Author Information
The Influence of Shear Stress on Crystallization in an Ultrasound Levitator (2007)

Abstract Industrial precipitation processes often use chemical agents to influence crystal morphology and size distribution. This experimental study deals with the investigation of physical parameters including an alternative method to affect crystal growth, thus, avoiding the presence of additives as intrinsic impurities. The influence of shear stress acting on growing crystals within a droplet is investigated in an ultrasound levitator. An ultrasound levitator enables the suspension of a single droplet against gravity and the study of containerless precipitation with specific mechanical forces acting on crystals. The levitator is used as a three‐phase reactor with precipitation from the gas and liquid, and as a reactor for precipitation from two different solutions. Calcium carbonate is used as a model system. The variation of temperature and the amount of applied shear stress leads to different amounts of calcium carbonate morphologies. An increase in the shear stress results in more rounded or spherical crystals. The intensity of the shear stress also influences the particle size distributions of the precipitated crystals, i.e., with increasing shear stress, particle size distributions are shifted to smaller sizes.
A novel fast median filter algorithm without sorting (2016)

As one of widely applied nonlinear smoothing filtering methods, median filter is quite effective for removing salt-andpepper noise and impulsive noise while maintaining image edge information without blurring its boundaries, but its computation load is the maximal drawback while applied in real-time processing systems. In order to solve the issue, researchers have proposed many effective fast algorithms and published many papers. However most of the algorithms are based on sorting operations so as to make real-time implementation difficult. In this paper considering the large scale Boolean calculation function and convenient shift operation which are two of the advantages of FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array), we proposed a novel median value finding algorithm without sorting, which can find the median value effectively and its performing time almost keeps changeless despite how large the filter radius is. Based on the algorithm, a real-time median filter has been realized. A lot of tests demonstrate the validity and correctness of proposed algorithm.
A novel supramolecular organogel based on acylhydrazone functionalized pillar[5]arene acts as an I− responsive smart material (2017)

A novel organic gelator (PZ) has been synthesized by rationally connecting a pillar[5]arene moiety and a bis(hexadecyloxy)phenyl functionalized acylhydrazone moiety. PZ could self-assemble into a supramolecular polymer and form a stable organogel (OPZ) in cyclohexanol by multi-self-assembly driving forces such as C-Hπ, ππ, vdW and hydrogen bonding interactions. The organogel (OPZ) shows blue aggregation-induced emission (AIE). Interestingly, the organogel OPZ could sense iodide ions (I<sup>-</sup>) in the gel-gel state with high selectivity and sensitivity. The detection limit of OPZ for I<sup>-</sup> is 9.4 × 10<sup>-8</sup> M, indicating high sensitivity to I<sup>-</sup>. Furthermore, a thin film based on OPZ was prepared, which could be used as a smart material for the detection of I<sup>-</sup> as well as a fluorescent security display material.
IMMUNOLOGICAL TOLERANCE TO FEMALE WATTLE ISOGRAFTS IN MALE CHICKENS (1970)

National Defense Educational Act Title IV Graduate Fellow 1966-1969. Present address: Department of Pathology. New York Medical College. New York, New York 10029
Molecular dynamics in sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles elucidated using carbon-13 and proton spin-lattice relaxation, carbon-13 spin-spin relaxation, and proton nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular dynamics in sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles elucidated using carbon-13 and proton spin-lattice relaxation, carbon-13 spin-spin relaxation, and proton nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopyJeffrey F. Ellena, Raymond N. Dominey, and David S. CafisoCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1987, 91, 1, 131–137Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100285a030https://doi.org/10.1021/j100285a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views104Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Chronic heart failure is characterized by altered mitochondrial function and structure in circulating leucocytes (2018)

Oxidative stress is currently viewed as a key factor in the genesis and progression of Heart Failure (HF). The aim of this study was to characterize the mitochondrial changes linked to oxidative stress generation in circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from chronic HF patients (HF_PBMCs) in order to highlight the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of HF. To assess the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial function and ultrastructure and the mitophagic flux in circulating PBMCs we enrolled 15 patients with HF and a control group of ten healthy subjects. The HF_PBMCs showed a mitochondrial population consisting of damaged and less functional organelles responsible of higher superoxide anion production both at baseline and under <i>in vitro</i> stress conditions, with evidence of cellular apoptosis. Although the mitophagic flux at baseline was enhanced in HF_PBMCs at level similar to those that could be achieved in control PBMCs only under inflammatory stress conditions, the activation of mitophagy was unable to preserve a proper mitochondrial dynamics upon stress stimuli in HF. In summary, circulating HF_PBMCs show structural and functional derangements of mitochondria with overproduction of reactive oxidant species. This mitochondrial failure sustains a leucocyte dysfunctional status in the blood that may contribute to development and persistence of stress conditions within the cardiovascular system in HF.
ServerNet deadlock avoidance and fractahedral topologies (2002)

This paper examines the problems of deadlock avoidance in multistage networks, and proposes a new class of scalable topologies for constructing large networks without introducing loops that could cause deadlocks. The new topologies, called "fractahedrons," are deadlock-free and reduce the maximum link contention compared to other networks. The use of fractahedral topologies is illustrated by various configurations of 6-port ServerNet routers. The properties of fractahedral networks are compared with networks configured as a mesh, hypercube or fat tree.
Beyond Checkpoint Inhibitors: Enhancing Antitumor Immune Response in Lung Cancer (2022)

The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors has dramatically changed the treatment landscape and improved survival for many patients with thoracic malignancies. Although some patients may experience prolonged survival benefit with immune checkpoint inhibitors, a majority do not experience disease control or benefit, supporting the need for research and development of improved approaches for facilitating immune recognition. Additionally, many patients will experience toxicity with the current approaches to immunotherapy, supporting the need for developing treatment strategies with less risk of adverse events. An extensive array of different strategies are currently under investigation, including novel combinations of checkpoint inhibitors or immunotherapies; novel agents beyond checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., bispecific antibodies, vaccine strategies, cytokine therapies); and different approaches for use of radiation to augment systemic immunotherapy agents. With each strategy, researchers are evaluating the potential for augmenting antitumor responses and ensuring more sustained antitumor effects. This article highlights areas of active research, reviewing the rationale for different investigative strategies, as well as currently available clinical data.
Pulsierende Magnetfeldtherapie bei zytostatisch bedingter Polyneuropathie (2004)

In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurden 44 Patienten mit peripherer Polyneuropathie als Nebenwirkung einer zytostatischen Therapie mit pulsierenden Magnetfeldern behandelt. Das Ausmaß der Polyneuropathie wurde vor Therapiebeginn und nach 4 Wochen ermittelt. Die Behandlung wurde von allen Patienten ohne Nebenwirkungen gut toleriert.
The Relationship Between the Density of the Alveolar Processes and that of Post-cranial Bone (2000)

Skeletal mass declines in all populations with age, and the literature suggests that changes in oral bone may be linked to the status of the post-cranial (systemic) skeleton. However, there is a lack of information defining the relationship between alveolar process bone and the post-cranial skeleton in healthy individuals. The purpose of this study was to determine: (1) if the bone densities of the maxillary and mandibular alveolar processes are related to the bone density of the spine, hip, or radius in healthy women; and (2) if the alveolar process densities decline with age. Forty-one dentate Caucasian women aged 20 to 78 years underwent assessment of post-cranial (systemic) and alveolar process bone. D-speed vertical bitewing and periapical radiographs incorporating aluminum stepwedges, controlled exposure and processing conditions, and a density correction algorithm were used to make alveolar process density assessments with regions of interest (ROIs) apical to crestal bone and intrabony defects. Anteroposterior lumbar (L1 to L4) and lateral lumbar (L2 to L4) spine, total hip (and subregions), and radius bone densities were determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Correlation analysis revealed significant relationships between maxillary alveolar process bone density and the density of the mandibular alveolar process (r = 0.57, p < or = 0.001), anteroposterior lumbar spine (r = 0.53, p < or = 0.001), lateral lumbar spine (r = 0.52, p < or = 0.001), total hip (r = 0.39, p = 0.01), total radius (r = 0.39, p = 0.01), and age (r = -0.38, p = 0.01). A two-tailed t test comparison revealed significantly greater maxillary alveolar process bone density in women younger than 50 years of age than in those 50 and older (p < or = 0.01). We conclude that the density of maxillary alveolar process bone is significantly related to the density of the mandibular alveolar process, lumbar spine, hip, and radius in healthy women and that maxillary alveolar process bone density declines with age.
III-V/Si MOS Capacitor Mach-Zehnder Modulator with Low Temperature Sensitivity (2019)

We demonstrate an ultra-high efficiency III-V/Si metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor Mach-Zehnder modulator with low temperature sensitivity. The measured modulation efficiencies of the fabricated device are 0.08–0.11 Vcm in the C and L band at 25–80 degrees Celsius.
Error analysis for time-interleaved analog channels (2001)

Time-interleaved architectures are frequently employed in high-speed data converters and signal processing channels in order to achieve the highest possible speed. However, the performance of the combined channels is reduced if each channel is not well matched in terms of gain, converter offset and timing skew. In this paper, the errors introduced by gain and offset mismatch and timing skew is analyzed in detail. The digital spectra due to mismatch between channels is derived by applying digital signal processing theories and the closed-forms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are derived and verified using Matlab/sup TM/.
Site-specific BER analysis in frequency-selective channels using a ray-tracing propagation model (2002)

The increasing use of wideband digital mobile communication systems has placed new requirements on the channel models which are used to assess system performance. A technique is presented for calculating the bit error rate (BER) for coherent QPSK in frequency-selective channels using site-specific channel response characteristics. The details of the channel response are found from a ray-tracing propagation model which provides unique, realistic fading-dependent time signatures for each analysis location in the propagation environment. The channel time signatures are used for a direct estimate of intersymbol interference (ISI) which can then yield an estimate of wideband BER. The technique offers a more incisive calculation of BER in frequency-selective channels for real propagation circumstances than is possible with previously-used methods. The technique can be adapted to other modulation types and general co-channel interference problems.
Purple acid phosphatase: a diiron enzyme that catalyzes a direct phospho group transfer to water (1993)

Purple acid phosphatases (PAPS) catalyze the hydrolysis of aryl phosphoric monoesters, phosphoric anhydrides, and phosphoproteins containing phosphoserine residues,' and these enzymes contain a mixed-valence binuclear iron center. Three mechanisms have been proposed: metal-catalyzed release of metaphosphate, direct attack of a metal-coordinated hydroxide at phosphorus, and attack by an enzyme nucleophile to produce a phosphoenzyme intermediate that is subsequently hydrolyzed. This third possibility was supported by several lines of evidence, including the observation of a "burst" of p-nitrophenol, the appearance of transphosphorylation products upon incubation of PAP with p-nitrophenyi phosphate, and retention of ^(*32)P by PAP after incubation with [γ-^(32)P]-labeled ATP. Such behavior is similar to that of other nonspecific phosphatases that form covalent phosphoenzyme intermediates. To allow us to distinguish among the three mechanistic possibilities, the stereochemistry of phospho group transfer to water was determined for the reaction catalyzed by this enzyme. We find that PAP transfers the phospho group with overall inversion of the configuration at phosphorus. This result rules out a phosphoenzyme pathway and a long-lived metaphosphate intermediate and supports the direct transfer of the phospho group to water.
Identification of β-Lactamase in Antibiotic-Resistant Bacillus cereus Spores (2007)

Beta-lactamase type I is reported for the first time to occur in the sporulated form in a penicillin-resistant Bacillus species. The enzyme was readily characterized from the B. cereus 5/B line (ATCC 13061) by mass spectrometry and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
1191: Bladder Botulinum Toxin a Injection Can Benefit Patients with Radiation and Chemical Cystitis (2007)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster 36, Monday, May 21, 2007, 3:30 - 5:30 pm1 Apr 20071191: Bladder Botulinum Toxin a Injection Can Benefit Patients with Radiation and Chemical Cystitis Yao-Chi Chuang, Yao-Chi Chuang, Dae Kyung Kim, Po-Hui Chiang, and Michael B. Chancellor Yao-Chi ChuangYao-Chi Chuang More articles by this author , Yao-Chi ChuangYao-Chi Chuang More articles by this author , Dae Kyung KimDae Kyung Kim More articles by this author , Po-Hui ChiangPo-Hui Chiang More articles by this author , and Michael B. ChancellorMichael B. Chancellor More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)31405-8AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1191: Bladder Botulinum Toxin a Injection Can Benefit Patients with Radiation and Chemical Cystitis." The Journal of Urology, 177(4S), p. 393 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 177Issue 4SApril 2007Page: 393 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Yao-Chi Chuang More articles by this author Yao-Chi Chuang More articles by this author Dae Kyung Kim More articles by this author Po-Hui Chiang More articles by this author Michael B. Chancellor More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...