gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Short-term exposure to oleate induces lipid droplet formation and long-term growth factor independent survival of breast cancer cells (2005)

789 Epidemiological studies suggest that metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes increase the risk of some cancers. The mechanistic link between these diseases and cancer, however, is not understood. Fatty acids can be an important source of ATP, via oxidation in mitochondria. They can also be esterified into many complex lipids, such as components of cell membranes, triglycerides (TG) or signaling molecules (e.g. ceramide). Of potential importance, many cancers show aberrant lipid metabolism, e.g. overexpression of fatty acid synthase. The abnormal lipid metabolism in cancer cells therefore, combined with the elevated plasma lipids in metabolic conditions, may contribute to cancer progression. To learn more about metabolism of fatty acids in cancer cells and its relationship with cell growth and survival, we studied the effect of exogenous oleate, the most common plasma fatty acid, on transformed (MDA MB 231) and non-transformed (MCF10A) breast cells in culture. We found that oleate (100 μM, delivered in complex with BSA) protects MDA MB 231 breast cancer cells from apoptosis induced by serum withdrawal. Moreover, short-term (6-24 h) preincubation of these cells with oleate promotes growth factor independent survival for many days after removal of oleate from the culture medium. The effect is dose dependent since the period of survival is related to the concentration of oleate used (greater then 60% of cells still alive at day 2, 3, 5 and 9 following preincubation with oleate at 0, 33, 50, 100 μM, respectively). Interestingly, fatty acids metabolism is markedly different between the two cell lines. Oleate exposure leads to rapid accumulation of intracellular TG and formation of lipid droplets in MDA MB 231 cells only. TG accumulation reflects the oleate concentration used and correlates with the duration of serum-free cell survival. Oleate has no long-term effect on cell proliferation, so its effect appears to be anti-apoptotic. The non-transformed MCF10A cells, do not accumulate TG, most likely due to high rates of fat oxidation (10 times that observed in MDA MB 231 cells) and are not protected by oleate and die by apoptosis. The survival mechanism induced by oleate in MDA MB 231 cells in the absence of growth factors is under investigation. Oleate released from lipid droplets by lipolysis can perhaps be used as an alternative energy source. This is however unlikely in MDA MB 231 cells, as these cells poorly oxidize fatty acids and metabolize glucose at high rates irrespective of the presence of serum. Overall the results are consistent with a role for altered lipid metabolism in the long-term survival of some tumor cells. We are presently testing if the survival effect described here applies to other cancer cell lines. Increased knowledge of fatty acid metabolism in cancer cells may open new possibilities for cancer prevention, treatment and improvement in prognosis.
ConceptExplorer: Visual Analysis of Concept Driftsin Multi-source Time-series Data (2020)

Time-series data is widely studied in various scenarios, like weather forecast, stock market, customer behavior analysis. To comprehensively learn about the dynamic environments, it is necessary to comprehend features from multiple data sources. This paper proposes a novel visual analysis approach for detecting and analyzing concept drifts from multi-sourced time-series. We propose a visual detection scheme for discovering concept drifts from multiple sourced time-series based on prediction models. We design a drift level index to depict the dynamics, and a consistency judgment model to justify whether the concept drifts from various sources are consistent. Our integrated visual interface, ConceptExplorer, facilitates visual exploration, extraction, understanding, and comparison of concepts and concept drifts from multi-source time-series data. We conduct three case studies and expert interviews to verify the effectiveness of our approach.
ChemInform Abstract: GEZIELTE SYNTHESE EINIGER NEUER SULFAPYRIDINE MIT HOHER ANTIBAKTERIELLER AKTIVITAET UND SPEZIELLEN PHARMAKOKINETISCHEN EIGENSCHAFTEN (1971)

Abstract Zwischen der chemischen Verschiebung der Aminogruppenprotonen von Aminen und der in vitro‐Aktivität der entsprechenden Sulfonamide besteht eine quantitative Beziehung.
Effects of fluoride-modified titanium surfaces on osteoblast proliferation and gene expression. (2006)

The results indicated that a fluoride-modified surface topography, in synergy with surface roughness, may have a greater influence on the level of expression of Cbfa1 (a key regulator for osteogenesis) than the unmodified titanium surfaces studied.
Floating Codes forJointInformation Storage in WriteAsymmetric Memories (2007)

Memories whosestorage cells transit irreversibly between states havebeencommonsince thestart ofthedata storage technology. Inrecent years, flash memories andother non-volatile memories basedonfloating-gate cells havebecomea veryimportant family ofsuchmemories. We modelthembythe WriteAsymmetric Memory(WAM),amemorywhereeachcell isinoneofqstates -state 0,1,***, q-1 -andcanonlytransit froma lowerstate toa higher state. Datastored ina WAM canberewritten byshifting thecells tohigher states. Since the state transition isirreversible, thenumberoftimes ofrewriting islimited. Whenmultiple variables arestored inaWAM, we study codes, whichwecall floating codes, thatmaximize thetotal numberoftimes thevariables canbewritten andrewritten. Inthispaper, we present several families offloating codes thateither areoptimal, orapproach optimality asthecodesget longer. We alsopresent boundstotheperformance ofgeneral floating codes. Theresults showthatfloating codes canintegrate therewriting capabilities ofdifferent variables toasurprisingly highdegree.
Ferns and Lycophytes as Indicators of Forest Environment of Kampo Uno, Katipunan, Davao-Arakan Valley, North Cotabato (2017)

Species richness of terrestrial ferns and lycophytes may indicate forest habitat quality, as analyzed for a tropical lowland of Mig Camp Resort in Katipunan. Terrestrial fern species can serve as indicators of disturbance or forest quality as many species show clear habitat differentiation with regard to light conditions and humidity. This research aims to assess forest habitat quality of Mig Camp Resort terrestrial pteridophyte species by grouping ferns and lycophytes according to their ecological requirements into ‘forest species’ and ‘non-forest species’. Results showed that there are 21 species in this area that are categorized as forest species indicating that this primary forest is not yet totally unconserved. In places where primary forest is still present, priority should be given for the conservation of the remaining primary forest patches.
Efficient transcription of the human angiotensin II type 2 receptor gene requires intronic sequence elements (1999)

To investigate mechanisms of human angiotensin II type 2 receptor (hAT2) gene regulation we functionally characterized the promoter and downstream regions of the gene. 5'-Terminal deletion mutants from -1417/+100 to -46/+100 elicited significant but low functional activity in luciferase reporter gene assays with PC12W cells. Inclusion into the promoter constructs of intron 1 and the transcribed region of the hAT2 gene up to the translation start enhanced luciferase activity 6.7+/-1.6-fold and 11.6+/-1.7-fold (means+/-S.E.M.) respectively, whereas fusion of the promoter to the spliced 5' untranslated region of hAT2 cDNA did not, which indicated an enhancement caused by intronic sequence elements. Reverse transcriptase-mediated PCR confirmed that the chimaeric hAT2-luciferase mRNA was regularly spliced in PC12W cells. A Northern blot analysis of transfected cells showed levels of luciferase mRNA expression consistent with the respective enzyme activities. Mapping of intron 1 revealed that a 12 bp sequence in the centre of the intron was required for the increase in promoter activity, whereas the 5' adjacent intronic region mediated a decrease in luciferase activity. Mutation of the 12 bp region led to altered protein binding and markedly decreased luciferase activity. Cloned into a promoterless luciferase vector, a 123 bp intron 1 fragment was able to direct reporter gene expression to the same activity as occurred in conjunction with the 5' flanking region. These results indicate that sequence elements in intron 1 are necessary for efficient transcription of hAT2. In reporter gene assays, intron 1 might by itself function as a promoter and initiate transcription from an alternative start point.
Exploiting the flexibility and universality of Web Services in a composite radio service management platform (2006)

The evolution of wireless network technologies introduces a composite radio environment with advanced characteristics such as service coverage ubiquity and optimized connectivity. The heterogeneous B3G environment creates the need for a Service Platform so as to promote the capabilities of the underlying infrastructure, hiding the complexity from users and developers. This can be achieved by enabling dynamic service and network discovery through the use of the emerging technology of Web Services. This paper presents the requirements, architecture and functionality of such a Service Platform, as well as its operation within a composite radio environment.
Study of the electric field enhancement in resonant metasurfaces (2017)

The electric field properties (distribution and enhancement) of high impedance surfaces under radiation are studied. It is shown that the electric field enhancement at the gap between metal plates has a linear relation with a geometrical factor and is independent of the resonator quality factor. Conditions under which the metasurface can act as an efficient optical absorber are also studied. At the end, wavelengths around 800 nm are suggested for silver (plasmonic) resonators at optical frequencies to maximize the electric field enhancement.
Molecular basis of species-specific expression of repolarizing K+currents in the heart (2003)

There are important species-specific differences in K+ current profiles and arrhythmia susceptibility, but interspecies comparisons of K+ channel subunit expression are lacking. We quantified voltage-gated K+ channel (Kv) subunit mRNA and protein in rabbits, guinea pigs, and humans. Kv1.4, Kv4.2, and Kv4.3 mRNA was present in rabbits but undetectable in guinea pigs. MinK mRNA concentration in guinea pigs was almost threefold greater versus humans and 20-fold versus rabbits. MinK protein expression in guinea pigs was almost twofold that in humans and sixfold that in rabbits. KvLQT1 mRNA concentration was greatest in humans, and protein expression in humans was increased by approximately 2- and approximately 7-fold compared with values in rabbits and guinea pigs, respectively. The ether-a-go-go-related gene (ERG1) mRNA was more concentrated in humans, but ERG1 protein expression could not be compared across species because of epitope sequence differences. We conclude that important interspecies differences in cardiac K+ channel subunit expression exist and may contribute to the following: 1) lack of a transient outward current in the guinea pig (alpha-subunit transcription absent in the guinea pig heart); 2) small slow delayed rectifier current and torsades de pointes susceptibility in the rabbit (low-level minK expression); and 3) large slow component of the delayed rectifier current in the guinea pig (strong minK expression).
Parameter identification and passive direct drive control with magnetic levitation for IPM-type spiral motor (2011)

This paper presents a high thrust force and high backdrivable linear actuator. We identify motor parameters to control the IPM-type spiral motor and realize passive direct drive with magnetic levitation control.
Electrophoretic Tissue Clearing and Labeling Methods &nbsp;for Volume Imaging of Whole Organs (2016)

The volume imaging of intact organs/tissues with singlecell resolution provides fundamental understanding of 3-dimensional (3D) organization of biological specimens. It will also improve our knowledge about generation and progression of diseases with chronic debilitating process such as neurodegenerative diseases or cancers, which is certainly helpful to the development of next generation diagnostic or treatment methods (Renier et al., 2014; Tainaka et al., 2014). The conventional approaches for volume imaging require physical section of biological tissues and subsequent multiple processing of images, because the technically accessible depth for acquiring tissue information (e.g., structure, protein distribution, etc.) is limited within hundreds of micrometers primarily due to the diffusion limit of the macromolecule probes (e.g., antibody) and the light scattering (Helmchen & Denk, 2005; Tang et al., 2012; Tomer et al., 2014). Therefore, the conventional approaches for volume imaging are laborintensive, time-consuming, requiring specialized apparatus, and essentially error-prone (Gong et al., 2013; Kim et al., 2014; Li et al., 2010). The recent advent of tissue clearing and labeling methods have been substantially resolved the above-mentioned obstacles through selective removal of lipid component in target tissues or organs without loss of the original protein
Mobile robot navigation using a sensor network (2004)

We describe an algorithm for robot navigation using a sensor network embedded in the environment. Sensor nodes act as signposts for the robot to follow, thus obviating the need for a map or localization on the part of the robot. Navigation directions are computed within the network (not on the robot) using value iteration. Using small low-power radios, the robot communicates with nodes in the network locally, and makes navigation decisions based on which node it is near. An algorithm based on processing of radio signal strength data was developed so the robot could successfully decide which node neighborhood it belonged to. Extensive experiments with a robot and a sensor network confirm the validity of the approach.
Application of image processing for the conservation of the medieval mosaic (2003)

We present an application of digital image processing to the analysis of the conservation of a medieval mosaic. The art piece is the "The Last Judgement" mosaic, situated on the wall of St Vitus Cathedral in Prague, Czech Republic. A 19/sup th/ century historical photograph of the mosaic was compared with a photograph of its current reconstructed state. The images were first preprocessed to increase their quality (noise reduction, deblurring). In the second stage, geometrical differences between images were removed by means of image registration techniques. Finally, differences between the current and historical photographs were identified.
Joint Allocation of Resource Blocks, Power, and Energy-Harvesting Relays in Cellular Networks (2015)

Relaying is a promising technique in cellular networks for improving system capacity and coverage. To facilitate the deployment of relays in remote areas without ready access to the electrical grid, energy-harvesting relays may be deployed. Energy-harvesting has been studied extensively for sensor networks, but it is still an open problem for cellular networks. In this paper, we study the problem of the joint allocation of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing access resource blocks and transmission power to users in a cellular network with energy-harvesting relays. The energy-harvesting process is stochastically described by a time-varying Poisson process. We propose a new metric called survival probability as the selection criteria for an energy-harvesting relay to support data transmissions. We propose a survival probability-based resource allocation (SPRA) algorithm. The algorithm solves the joint problem of resource block allocation, power control, and associating relays to users in a cellular network. We show the achievable data rates of SPRA for different energy harvesting rates.
Murine eotaxin: an eosinophil chemoattractant inducible in endothelial cells and in interleukin 4-induced tumor suppression. (1995)

Guinea pig eotaxin is a recently described member of the Cys-Cys family of chemokines and is involved in a guinea pig model of asthma. To determine whether eotaxin is a distinctive member of this family and to understand its physiologic role, we have cloned the mouse eotaxin gene and determined its structure and aspects of its biologic function. The sequence relationship between the mouse and guinea pig genes indicates that eotaxin is indeed a distinct member of the chemokine family. Moreover, murine eotaxin maps to a region of mouse chromosome 11 that encodes other Cys-Cys chemokines. In addition, recombinant murine eotaxin protein has direct chemoattractant properties for eosinophils. The eotaxin gene is widely (but not ubiquitously) expressed in normal mice and is strongly induced in cultured endothelial cells in response to interferon gamma. Eotaxin is also induced locally in response to the transplantation of interleukin 4-secreting tumor cells, indicating that it likely contributes to the eosinophil recruitment and antitumor effect of interleukin 4. Such responses suggest that eotaxin may be involved in multiple inflammatory states.
Muscle‐selective block using intrafascicular high‐frequency alternating current (2010)

High-frequency alternating current (HFAC) applied to a peripheral nerve can reversibly block skeletal muscle contractions. We evaluated the ability of HFAC delivered via intrafascicular electrodes to selectively block activation of targeted muscles without affecting activation of other muscles. Utah slanted electrode arrays (USEAs) were implanted into the sciatic nerves of five cats, and HFAC was delivered to individual USEA electrodes. The effects of HFAC block were monitored by recording evoked electromyograms (EMGs) and three-dimensional endpoint forces. In each animal, activity evoked in targeted muscles by nerve cuff stimulation could be selectively abolished by HFAC delivered via individual USEA electrodes. Two mechanisms of blockade were evoked: selective neuromuscular blocks were achieved with 500-8000-HZ HFAC, and selective nerve conduction block was achieved in one animal using 16-kHZ HFAC. These results show that intrafascicular HFAC can be used to block selected muscles independent of activation of other muscles.
Data from Time Trends in Rates of Hodgkin Lymphoma Histologic Subtypes: True Incidence Changes or Evolving Diagnostic Practice? (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background:&lt;/b&gt; Histologic subtypes of classical Hodgkin lymphoma [cHL; e.g., nodular sclerosis, mixed cellularity, not otherwise specified (NOS)] are epidemiologically and prognostically distinctive. Therefore, unexplained, ongoing incidence rate declines for mixed cellularity and increases for NOS require examination.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; We analyzed detailed histology-specific Hodgkin lymphoma incidence rates in 1992 through 2011 U.S. SEER data (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 21,372) and reviewed a regional subset of 2007 through 2011 NOS pathology reports for insight into diagnostic practices.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; cHL rates were stable until 2007, then decreased for whites [annual percent change (APC) and 95% confidence interval (CI), −3.6% (−5.6% to −1.5%)]. Nodular sclerosis rates declined after 2007 by 5.9% annually, with variation by gender, age, and race/ethnicity. In 1992 through 2011, mixed cellularity rates declined [APC −4.0% (−4.7% to −3.3%)], whereas NOS rates rose [5.3% (4.5%–6.2%)] overall and in most patient groups. The 2007–2011 NOS age-specific rates were more similar to mixed cellularity rates for 1992–1996 than 2007–2011. Trends in combined rates were minimal, supporting increasing misclassification of mixed cellularity, lymphocyte depletion, and specific nodular sclerosis subtypes as NOS. Eighty-eight of 165 reviewed NOS pathology reports addressed classification choice. Twenty (12.1%) justified the classification, 21 (12.7%) described insufficient biopsy material, and coders missed specific subtype information for 27 (16.4%).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Recent nodular sclerosis rate declines largely represent true incidence changes. Long-term rate decreases for mixed cellularity and other less common subtypes, and increases for NOS (comprising ∼30% of cHL cases in 2011), likely reflect changes in diagnostic and/or classification practice.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Impact:&lt;/b&gt; Diminishing histologic subtyping undermines future surveillance and epidemiologic study of Hodgkin lymphoma. Guideline-based use of excisional biopsies and more coding quality control are warranted. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(10); 1474–88. ©2015 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
THE HYPERCALCAEMIC SYNDROME IN RATS BEARING THE WALKER CARCINOSARCOMA 256 (1975)

The strain of Walker carcinosarcoma 256 described induces hypercalcaemia, hyperphosphataemia and hyperuraemia in tumour bearing rats. Changes in calcium and phosphorus excretion are observed as well as accompanying calcification of soft tissue organs and loss of bone calcium. These changes in calcium metabolism disappear after removal of the tumour, so that long-range action of the tumour can be stated. The results are discussed in comparison with three other animal models of tumour dependent hypercalcaemia.
Less is more: Experiments with an individual atomic particle at rest in free space (1990)

This article surveys experiments with individual closely confined atomic particles since their beginning in 1973. Such experiments have improved information on the size of an elementary particle on the same level as a quark, the electron, by at least three orders of magnitude. Their extension to the optical region promises atomic clocks of a reproducibility improved up to 100 000 times. The most important of the techniques developed for continuously detecting, cooling, and spin-state analyzing a permanently confined individual electron are described in some detail. The electron, trapped in ultrahigh vacuum at liquid helium temperature, is profitably viewed as a man-made atom, geonium.
Control of virtual excavating system base on real-time simulation (2012)

Excavator is used in general versatile construction operations such as digging, carrying loads, grounding and dumping loads. However, it is not safe for the worker to operate the excavator on the risk environments. Consequently, excavator's unmanned research focused on a few universities and companies are being studied. One of the most important things for researching automation of excavator is control of excavator. To find a feasible way to control excavator, firstly the Full Kinematic and dynamic model of the excavator's manipulator which three degrees of freedom were studied. The inverse kinematic equations are used to determine the joint angles and the actuator lengths corresponding to a specific position and orientation of the bucket, given in the base coordinate system. This paper will present a PID-computed torque control and design of a virtual excavating system base on real-time simulation. Some simulation results are given.