gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS) system of systems (1997)

The Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS) is the modern, cost effective follow-on to the Defense Support Program (DSP). SBIRS will support four broad mission areas: missile warning, missile defense, technical intelligence, and battlespace characterization. Like DSP, SBIRS will provide missile launch warning and attack assessment to the strategic and theater command centers. SBIRS additionally supports national and theater missile defense as well as technical intelligence and battlespace characterization. The SBIRS architecture includes constellation of satellites in high and low altitude orbits. Four satellites in geosynchronous (GEO) orbit and two sensors on multi-mission satellites in Molniya orbit (HEO, Highly Elliptical Orbit) comprise the high altitude component of the constellation. The Low Earth Orbit (LEO) configuration has not yet been selected, but it will likely include from eighteen to forty satellites. The SBIRS processing and reporting will be consolidated at a Mission Control Station (MCS) in the Continental United States (CONUS). The MCS will be developed first and go on-line in 1999 to support the DSP system; the high altitude satellites will be developed and launched next, starting in 2002; and the low altitude satellites will be launched last, starting in 2006. Lockheed-Martin will develop the SBIRS System of Systems and High Component. The SBIRS system Of systems architecture is referred to as "High now, Low later".
Paradoxical response to heparin in 10 patients with ulcerative colitis. (1995)

The heparin-linked remission of ulcerative colitis, observed by chance in our first patient, was followed by similar responses in eight of nine further patients. This suggests that, used as described, heparin may have a role in treating refractory ulcerative colitis.
Introduction: The Zimbabwe Craton and controversies over Archaean granite-greenstone terrains (2020)

The Belingwe Greenstone Belt contains a wide variety of Archaean rocks which provide evidence of major significance in interpreting the strati graphic history of the Zimbabwe Craton, and, more generally, in understanding the nature of the Archaean Earth. The stratigraphic sequences in the belt are well preserved, and the interpretation of the Belingwe rocks provides the underpinning of the present stratigraphic evolution of the Zimbabwe Craton. The sequence includes old basement, consisting of granitoid gneisses ca. 3.5 Ga old, overlain by three older greenstone sequences and a well developed younger (2.7 Ga) greenstone sequence. At the base of the 2.7 Ga sequence is a well exposed unconformity, demonstrating that the lavas and sediments of the younger greenstones were laid down on a mature terrain of eroded granitoid and greenstones. The belt contains a wide variety of unusual rocks, including an extensive and locally very fresh suite of komatiites and komatiitic basalts, as well as carbonates which contain stromatolites. These rocks demonstrate that some greenstone belts formed on continental crust. The variety of sedimentary and volcanic environments probably reflects interaction of a range of tectonic processes as diverse as those operating today.
Ligase chain reaction in detection of Chlamydia DNA in synovial fluid cells. (1997)

Synovial fluid cells from 12 patients with reactive arthritis (ReA) triggered by Chlamydia trachomatis were studied for the presence of Chlamydia DNA using the ligase chain reaction (LCR) LCx (Abbott) and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Amplicor (Roche). In addition, peripheral blood leucocytes from 11 of these patients were analysed by LCR. As controls, seven patients with newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were included. Chlamydia trachomatis DNA was detectable by LCR in samples of synovial fluid cells from 4/12 patients with C. trachomatis-triggered ReA, and in none by PCR. Chlamydia trachomatis DNA was not detectable in the synovial fluid cells of the seven RA patients by either method, neither was C. trachomatis DNA detectable in the peripheral blood leucocytes of the ReA patients (0/11) or controls (0/6) by LCR. The LCR technique may be useful in the demonstration of Chlamydia DNA in synovial fluid cells.
Characterization methods for silicon photodiode and silicon sub-surface properties (2004)

This thesis considers the characterization of silicon photodiode and the applications of silicon photodiodes in precision metrology, and some aspects of the silicon material characterizations. Such material characterizations are required in the process of semiconductor device manufacturing, one example of which is the silicon photodiode manufacturing.\n\nThe motivation for the research on radiometry reported in this thesis has been the development of optical metrology at the Helsinki University of Technology (HUT). Most of the applications for this research are found in the UV-metrology. Importance of the UV-metrology arises from the environmental importance of accurate gauging of optical power at these wavelengths.\n\nThis thesis describes the derivation and experimental verification of simple mathematical models, based on Fresnel equations. These models have allowed significant reductions in the uncertainties of spectrophotometric and radiometric measurements, especially in the UV wavelengths. These measurements are carried out using silicon photodiode-based detection systems. The reductions achieved in the measurement uncertainties have been utilized in the detector-based realizations of optical quantities maintained as national standards at HUT.\n\nThe structure and operating principle of silicon photodiodes brings up the process of manufacturing of these devices, and the material characterizations required during this process. Novel methods in machining of silicon wafers for semiconductor industry pose new challenges for these characterizations. One such challenge is the need to characterize sub-surface damage in silicon wafers, induced by abrasive machining. The measurement of the sub-surface damage in silicon was the goal set for the work on materials characterization reported here. Various potential solutions to this requirement have been studied in this thesis, some of which are based on the spectrophotometric research carried out at HUT. Complete solution to this requirement has not been found. This thesis compares a number of promising methods and combines their respective advantages in order to create a more comprehensive understanding on the subject under study.
Distributed sensor localization using barycentric coordinates (2009)

In this paper, we review our work on distributed sensor localization using barycentric coordinates. We present an algorithm for localization in m-dimensional Euclidean spaces. The algorithm is distributed and requires at least m + 1 anchors. Anchors are the nodes that know their exact locations. We require that the nonanchor nodes (all the network nodes that do not know their locations) lie in the convex hull of at least m + 1 anchors. Using barycentric coordinates, each non-anchor node updates its location estimate as a linear combination of its (carefully chosen) neighboring nodes. Under minimal network connectivity assumptions, we show that the distributed localization algorithm converges to the exact sensor locations. We further extend the localization algorithm to include imperfect barycentric computation, communication link failures, and communication noise. We show that, with the aid of stochastic approximation, the localization algorithm converges almost surely to the exact locations under the random phenomena described before.
A Nondestructive Strategy for the Distinction of Natural Fatigue and Stress Corrosion Cracks Based on Signals From Eddy Current Testing (2006)

In this paper, a novel nondestructive strategy is proposed for distinguishing differences between a stress corrosion crack (SCC) and a fatigue crack (FC) based on signals from eddy current testing (ECT). The strategy consists of measurement procedures with a special ECT probe and crack type judgment scheme based on an index parameter that is defined as the amplitude ratio of the measured signals. An ECT probe, which can induce eddy current flowing mainly in a selected direction, is proposed and applied to detect crack signals by scanning along the crack with different probe orientations. It is clear that the ratio of the amplitudes of signals detected for parallel and perpendicular probe orientations is sensitive to the microstructure of the crack, i.e., the parameter is much bigger for a fatigue crack than that of a SCC. Therefore, whether a crack is a SCC or a FC can be recognized nondestructively by comparing the index parameter with a threshold value that can be previously determined. In order to verify the validity of the proposed strategy, many artificial SCC and FC test pieces were fabricated and ECT inspections were performed to measure the corresponding crack signals. Numerical simulations were also conducted to investigate the physical principles of the new methodology. From both the numerical and experimental results, it is demonstrated that the strategy is very promising for the distinction of artificial SCC and FC; there is also good possibility that this method can be applied to natural cracks if the threshold value can be properly determined.
The effect of As4 pressure on material qualities of AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures grown on (111)B GaAs substrates (2000)

High-quality AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures have been grown on on-axis (111)B GaAs substrates using molecular-beam epitaxy to study the effect of As4 pressure on the material qualities. It was found that the electrical and structural properties were strongly dependent on the As4 pressure. The quality of the heterostructure was investigated by Hall effect, atomic force microscopy, and high-resolution x-ray diffraction measurements. The electron Hall mobility dropped from 7200 and 90 000 cm2/V s to 930 and 1340 cm2/V s at room temperature and 77 K, respectively, as As4 pressure was increased from 4.9×10−6 to 1.1×10−7 Torr. The same trend was observed at the root-mean-square roughness of the AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures measured by atomic force microscopy, and the intensity and full width at half-maximum of the x-ray diffraction curve.
Adaptive finite element remeshing in a large deformation analysis of metal powder forming (1999)

In this paper, a general framework for the finite element simulation of powder forming processes is presented. A large displacement formulation, based on a total and updated Lagrangian formulation and an adaptive finite element strategy based on error estimates and automatic remeshing techniques are utilized. To describe the constitutive model of the highly non-linear behaviour of powder materials, an elliptical cap model based on a hardening rule to define the dependence of the yield surface on the degree of plastic straining is applied. The interfacial behaviour between the die and powder is modelled by using a plasticity theory of friction in the context of an interface element formulation. Finally, the powder behaviour during the compaction of a set of complex shapes are analysed numerically. The simulation of the deformation is shown as well as the distribution of relative density contours at different time stages. The results clearly indicate that the algorithm makes it possible to simulate the powder forming problems efficiently and automatically. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new subunit vaccine based on nucleocapsid protein nanoparticles confers partial protection in calves against respiratory syncytial virus (2008)

International audience
Oscillations of the Even Order Nonlinear Difference Equations with Continuous Variables (2008)

The paper is concerned with the oscillatory behavior of the even order nonlinear difference equations with continuous variables.By using the iterated integral transformation and some new techniques,some oscillation criteria are obtained.An example which dwells upon the importance of the results is also included.
Multiplexing Performance of Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal Device (1992)

A multiplex-driving technique for an antiferroelectric liquid crystal device has been studied. A new driving scheme is proposed, which overcomes the disadvantage of slow switching from a ferroelectric state to an antiferroelectric state. It is confirmed that the antiferroelectric liquid crystal device can be driven at a high duty ratio of 1/500 by using this scheme.
A new method for stability analysis of a free jet with arbitrary cross section (1986)

A new approach for linear analysis of the stability of jets with arbitrary mean velocity profiles is presented. This method is based on utilizing Green function technique a to transform the Rayleigh equation into an integral equation
form. The integral equation is then solved numerically
using a type of finite element approximation to determine the eigenvectors and complex wave numbers of various instability modes. In order to demonstrate this method's capability of handling arbitrary jet mean velocity profiles, a comparison is made to the elliptic jet case where generally good agreement 1s apparent. A brief discussion on how the effects of compressibility and temperature variation in flows car be incorporated within the formalism is presented.
Atomically Controllable Synthesis of Novel Materials Using Chemical Vapor Deposition (2022)

Low-dimensional materials, typically exemplified by graphene and beyond-graphene nanomaterials, are one of the hottest topics in nanoscience and nanotechnology. For their synthesis, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is the powerful method, and the door to the world of atomically controllable synthesis is going to be opened. In this issue, the fundamentals and the state-of-the-art technology in CVD are overviewed.
A new realization of left-handed transmission lines employing a coaxial waveguide structure (2005)

The paper proposes the use of a coaxial waveguide structure to realize a left-handed transmission line (LH-TL) structure. The structure consists of periodic arrays of split-ring resonators (SRRs) and capacitively loaded strips (CLSs) mounted radially on the inner conductor. The coaxial waveguide structure provides a suitable guided environment to measure the characteristics of negative index materials (NIMs). The paper also presents a modified SRR structure that offers more than 45% size reduction in comparison with the traditional SRR. A coaxial waveguide structure housing a unit-cell of the proposed SRR is fabricated and tested. The experimental results confirm the validity of the proposed concept.
Heart rate variability responses to cognitive stress in fibromyalgia are characterised by inadequate autonomous system stress responses: a clinical trial (2023)

Fibromyalgia (FM) is associated with sympathetically dominant dysautonomia, but the connection between dysautonomia and FM symptoms is unclear. Dysautonomia can be analysed with heart rate variability (HRV) and it has been proposed that FM patients comprise subgroups with differing profiles of symptom severity. In our study, 51 female FM patients aged 18 to 65 years and 31 age-matched healthy female controls followed a 20-min protocol of alternating relaxation and cognitive stress (mental arithmetic). Heart rates and electrocardiograms were registered. The HRV measures of heart rate (HR), mean interval between heart beats (RR<sub>mean</sub>), root mean squared interval differences of successive beats (RMSSD), and the standard deviation of intervals between normal heart beats (SDNN) were analysed with generalized linear modelling. Features in HRV reactivity which differed between FM patients and controls were used to cluster the FM patients and cluster characteristics were analysed. FM patients had higher baseline HR (72.3 [SD 12.7] vs 64.5 [7.80], p < 0.001) and lower RR<sub>mean</sub> (0.844 [0.134] vs 0.934 [0.118], p = 0.002), compared with controls. They also reacted to repeated cognitive stress with an attenuated rise in HR (- 4.41 [95% CI - 7.88 to - 0.93], p = 0.013) and attenuated decrease of RR<sub>mean</sub> (0.06 [95 CI 0.03 to 0.09], p < 0.001), compared with controls. Clustering of FM patients by HRV reactivity resulted in three clusters characterised by (1) normal levels of HRV and HRV reactivity with low levels of depressive mood and anxiety, (2) reduced levels of HRV and impaired HRV reactivity with increased levels of depressive mood and high levels of anxiety, and (3) lowest HRV and most impaired HRV reactivity with the highest scores for depressive mood and anxiety. Our results show that FM patients have lower HRV than healthy controls and their autonomous reactions to cognitive stress are attenuated. Dysautonomia in FM associates with mood disturbance. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03300635). Registered October 3 2017-Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03300635 .
Expanded circulating peripheral helper T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus: association with disease activity and B cell differentiation (2019)

The association of TPH cells with disease activity suggests the involvement of extrafollicular T-B cell interactions in the pathogenesis of SLE. TPH cells promote autoantibody production in aberrant lymphoid organs and therefore might be a novel therapeutic target in autoantibody-producing disorders.
A very fast census-based stereo matching implementation on a graphics processing unit (2009)

In this paper a very fast graphics processing unit implementation of a local, census-correlation-based stereo matching algorithm is presented. In comparison to absolute or squared difference correlation techniques, the census transform is computational more expensive which led to the motivation of a GPU-based implementation. Due to the parallel architecture of modern graphics cards, complex algorithms can be executed very efficiently. Thus, this work deals with the question how to use a GPU for high speed and high quality stereo matching. The proposed implementation achieves 75.7 fps at an image resolution of 640 × 480 and a disparity search range of 50 on a NVIDIA GeForce GTX 280 graphics card.
Protecting Silicon Film Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries Using an Atomically Thin Graphene Drape (2017)

Silicon (Si) shows promise as an anode material in lithium-ion batteries due to its very high specific capacity. However, Si is highly brittle, and in an effort to prevent Si from fracturing, the research community has migrated from the use of Si films to Si nanoparticle based electrodes. However, such a strategy significantly reduces volumetric energy density due to the porosity of Si nanoparticle electrodes. Here we show that contrary to conventional wisdom, Si films can be stabilized by two strategies: (a) anchoring the Si films to a carbon nanotube macrofilm (CNM) current collector and (b) draping the films with a graphene monolayer. After electrochemical cycling, the graphene-coated Si films on CNM resembled a tough mud-cracked surface in which the graphene capping layer suppresses delamination and stabilizes the solid electrolyte interface. The graphene-draped Si films on CNM exhibit long cycle life (>1000 charge/discharge steps) with an average specific capacity of ∼806 mAh g<sup>-1</sup>. The volumetric capacity averaged over 1000 cycles of charge/discharge is ∼2821 mAh cm<sup>-3</sup>, which is 2 to 5 times higher than what is reported in the literature for Si nanoparticle based electrodes. The graphene-draped Si anode could also be successfully cycled against commercial cathodes in a full-cell configuration.
Power Consumption Modeling for DVFS Exploitation (2010)

A lot of task scheduling algorithms and power management policies have been developed based on simplistic power models, which rarely take into account the effects of the power consumptions of the different components of a real system. Most of the models on which the study of the DVFS scheduling is based, make the assumption that the power consumption of a processor could be modelled as a E ∝ V 2 model. This hypothesis, even if partly true, is not generally applicable when considering the complete system, which consists of the processor, memories and power conversion circuits. In this paper we present a power and energy model for a DVFS enabled mobile computing platform. The platform is based on a low power SoC, which integrates both the processor core and memory, as well as other hardware accelerators. We include in our analisys the study of the power conversion components, which supply the SoC. Starting from measures, we first characterize the power consumption of the SoC and the converters, then a power and energy model for the processor is proposed. The model is able to predict the power consumption of the processor core with an average error less than 10%. This is then used to analyse two DVFS scheduling techniques based on the EDF algorithm, Cycle Conserving and Look Ahead. The results show that the CPU energy saving computed using our model, is far less than what would be expected using a model that does not take into account the effect of the static power.
Sinus Mapping in Patients with Cardiac Arrest and Coronary Disease—Results and Correlation with Outcome (1989)

Electrophysiological testing and left ventricular endocardial mapping in sinus rhythm were performed in 61 patients with coronary artery disease who presented with cardiac arrest in an attempt to relate the results of these studies to clinical outcome. Forty-one patients (67%) had inducible sustained arrhythmias (18 uniform ventricular tachycardia, 23 polymorphic ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation) and 20 had no inducible arrhythmia. Patients with inducible arrhythmia had 45% abnormal and 6% fractionated electrograms versus 31% and 0% for those without inducible arrhythmia (P greater than 0.05 for both comparisons). Sixteen of 59 patients (27%) with adequate follow-up had arrhythmia recurrence (11/39 [31%] with inducible arrhythmia and 5/20 [25%] without inducible arrhythmia) over a mean follow-up period of 27 months. Of five patients without inducible arrhythmia who experienced recurrence, two did so despite the anti-ischemic therapy. In the 20 patients without inducible arrhythmia, the 15 who remained arrhythmia-free had a mean of 78 +/- 22% normal sites versus 46 +/- 24% normal sites in those with recurrence (P greater than 0.05). We conclude that in patients with coronary artery disease and cardiac arrest: 1) patients without inducible arrhythmia have less marked endocardial electrical abnormality than those with inducible arrhythmia, 2) those patients who have marked endocardial abnormality despite the lack of inducible arrhythmia are at risk for clinical recurrence which suggests that these abnormalities may represent an anatomic substrate for arrhythmia which cannot be identified by programmed stimulation. These patients are candidates for AICD implantation and 3) patients with relatively normal endocardial electrograms do well with anti-ischemic therapy alone.