gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Compact Broadband Horizontally Polarized Omnidirectional Antenna Using Planar Folded Dipole Elements (2015)

A compact horizontally polarized (HP) omnidirectional antenna with broadband characteristic is presented. The antenna is composed of four planar folded dipole antennas (PFDAs) as radiation elements of a square array and a broadband microstrip feeding structure composed of baluns and matching networks. The folded dipole antennas are chosen in order to achieve wide bandwidth operation within a compact size. The folded dipole elements are modified to compensate for the mutual coupling effects and also to improve the bandwidth and radiation performance of the antenna. The antenna is fabricated and its input impedance and radiation pattern are measured. The measured 10 dB return loss bandwidth is about 53.2% (1.19-2 GHz) and the gain variation in all directions of azimuth plane is less than 2 dB over the frequency band 1.2-1.9 GHz, and is increased to 2.8 dB at 2 GHz. The gain is almost constant over the entire band with a peak gain about 1.2 dB. The co-pol and cross-pol isolation is more than 20 dB for all azimuth directions and frequencies over the entire band.
Tissue lesions caused by microplanar beams of synchrotron-generated X-rays in Drosophila melanogaster (2000)

Post-mitotic eukaryotic cells can survive radiation doses of 3,000 Gy largely undamaged, even at the beginning of the terminal morphogenesis. The extremely sharp delimitation between damaged tissue microplanes and adjacent intact tissues may be relevant for future perspectives of radiosurgery.
Digital Livestock Farming (2021)

As the global human population increases, livestock agriculture must adapt to provide more livestock products and with improved efficiency while also addressing concerns about animal welfare, environmental sustainability, and public health. The purpose of this paper is to critically review the current state of the art in digitalizing animal agriculture with Precision Livestock Farming (PLF) technologies, specifically biometric sensors, big data, and blockchain technology. Biometric sensors include either noninvasive or invasive sensors that monitor an individual animal’s health and behavior in real time, allowing farmers to integrate this data for population-level analyses. Real-time information from biometric sensors is processed and integrated using big data analytics systems that rely on statistical algorithms to sort through large, complex data sets to provide farmers with relevant trending patterns and decision-making tools. Sensors enabled blockchain technology affords secure and guaranteed traceability of animal products from farm to table, a key advantage in monitoring disease outbreaks and preventing related economic losses and food-related health pandemics. Thanks to PLF technologies, livestock agriculture has the potential to address the abovementioned pressing concerns by becoming more transparent and fostering increased consumer trust. However, new PLF technologies are still evolving and core component technologies (such as blockchain) are still in their infancy and insufficiently validated at scale. The next generation of PLF technologies calls for preventive and predictive analytics platforms that can sort through massive amounts of data while accounting for specific variables accurately and accessibly. Issues with data privacy, security, and integration need to be addressed before the deployment of multi-farm shared PLF solutions becomes commercially feasible.
Influence of Nanobubble Concentration on Blood–Brain Barrier Opening Using Focused Ultrasound Under Real-Time Acoustic Feedback Control (2019)

Real-time acoustic feedback control based on harmonic emissions of stimulated microbubbles may serve as a way to achieve reliable blood-brain barrier (BBB) opening with focused ultrasound in the brain. Previously, we demonstrated BBB opening was possible using sub-micron bubbles (aka nanobubbles) and produced comparable results to commercially available microbubbles (Optison, Definity, etc.). The harmonic emissions and acoustic control were observed to be more consistent using nanobubbles, which warrants further study of BBB opening using these agents. This study examined the stimulated acoustic emissions of nanobubbles at different concentrations both in vitro and in vivo and evaluated BBB opening under real-time acoustic feedback control across concentrations. Original nanobubbles (10<sup>11</sup> bubbles/mL) have long in vitro persistence (7.3 ± 3.3 min) and circulation time in rats (approximately 10 min) under exposures in this study, and both degraded with dilutions. With all three tested dilutions (1:1, 1:10 and 1:100), successful BBB opening was reliably achieved under real-time feedback control.
Sensitive Assays by Nucleophile-Induced Rearrangement of Photoactivated Diarylethenes (2018)

Upon light-induced isomerization, diarylethenes (DAEs) equipped with reactive aldehyde moieties rearrange selectively in the presence of amines, accompanied by decoloration. In a comprehensive study, the probe structure was optimized with regard to its inherent reactivity in the nucleophile-triggered rearrangement reaction. Detailed structure-reactivity relationships could be derived, in particular with regard to the type of integrated (het)aryl moieties as well as the location of the formyl residue, and the probes' intrinsic reactivity with primary and secondary amines was optimized. Utilizing an ancillary base, the initially formed rearrangement product can engage in a subsequent catalytic cycle, leading to an amplified decoloration process. This additional catalytic pathway allows us to enhance the sensitivity of our method and successfully discriminate between amines and thiols. Moreover, probes that exhibit strong analyte-induced fluorescence modulation have been designed to further decrease the detection limit by using a more sensitive read-out. The optimized DAE probes are promising molecular components for future programmable sensing materials and devices.
Optical trapping, manipulation, and 3D imaging of disclinations in liquid crystals and measurement of their line tension (2005)

We demonstrate optical trapping and manipulation of defects and transparent microspheres in nematic liquid crystals (LCs). The three-dimensional director fields and positions of the particles are visualized using the Fluorescence Confocal Polarizing Microscopy. We show that the disclinations can be manipulated by either using optically trapped colloidal particles or directly by tightly-focused laser beams. We employ this effect to measure the line tensions of disclinations.
Fitting the Photographic Characteristic Curve: A Functional Equation Approach (1993)

An outline is given of the mechanisms underlying the basic photographic characteristic curve, that is the plot ofdensity vs thelogarithm ofexposure, an introduction to the idea of symmetry as it relates to such curves, and a discussion of the reasons for the departure from strict symmetry exhibited by practical photographic systems. An account is also given of the mathematical expression of these considerations, initially for the case of symmetrical curves in terms of so-called functional equations and then more generally for asymmetrical cases, including the derivation of the appropriate parameters for process control purposes. As an aid to actual curve fitting, some of the properties of the asymmetrical curve are also derived. Finally, an account is given of some further generalizations to the basic photographic functional equation which alloivs some consideration of multilayer modelling.
Robust Super-Level Set Estimation using Gaussian Processes (2018)

This paper focuses on the problem of determining as large a region as possible where a function exceeds a given threshold with high probability. We assume that we only have access to a noise-corrupted version of the function and that function evaluations are costly. To select the next query point, we propose maximizing the expected volume of the domain identified as above the threshold as predicted by a Gaussian process, robustified by a variance term. We also give asymptotic guarantees on the exploration effect of the algorithm, regardless of the prior misspecification. We show by various numerical examples that our approach also outperforms existing techniques in the literature in practice.
The APL:9SPlus:2E System for the Macintosh: an overview (1987)

The APL*PLUS System for the Macintosh™ is a full-featured APL interpreter that integrates the Macintosh user interface style into a standard APL*PLUS System environment. An overview of these Macintosh-specific features along with a comparison of the capacity and performance of the APL*PLUS Mac System to other APL systems suggests that APL applications that are highly interactive, require large workspaces, and need advanced graphics are best implemented on the Macintosh.
Surgical Technique: Gluteus Maximus and Tensor Fascia Lata Transfer for Primary Deficiency of the Abductors of the Hip (2013)

The anterior portion of the gluteus maximus and the TFL can be transferred to the greater trochanter to substitute for abductor deficiency. In this small series, the surgical procedure was reproducible and effective; further studies with more patients and longer followup are needed to confirm this.
Electronic structure of graphene tubules based onC60 (1992)

The electronic structures of some possible carbon fibers nucleated from the hemisphere of a ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ molecule are presented. A one-dimensional electronic band-structure model of such carbon fibers, having not only rotational symmetry but also screw axes, is derived by folding the two-dimensional energy bands of graphite. A simple tight-binding model shows that some fibers are metallic and are stable against perturbations of the one-dimensional energy bands and the mixing of \ensuremath{\sigma} and \ensuremath{\pi} bands due to the curvature of the circumference of the fiber.
Researchers Construct Cell Look-Alikes (1997)

Materials scientists have taken another step toward mimicking biological structures. They have assembled groups of lipid molecules into structures resembling cells, with an outer membrane encasing a series of vesicles. The artificial cells may boost efforts to use lipid spheres for delivering drugs to tumors and other tissues: By slowing the release of the drugs, the double membranes could lengthen the time between doses.
Reactions of substituted aromatic hydrocarbons with the Si(001) surface (2000)

The interactions of toluene, para-xylene, meta-xylene and ortho-xylene with the (001) surface of silicon have been investigated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Infrared spectra show that these methyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons are chemisorbed and oriented on the Si(001) surface at both 110 and 300 K. Peaks in the Si–H stretching region indicate that some dissociation occurs upon adsorption. Comparisons of infrared spectra of these molecules with deuterated and nondeuterated methyl groups reveal that the major source of decomposition is likely from C–H cleavage of the substituent groups, leaving the ring intact. Additionally, the striking similarity of the infrared spectra of benzene, toluene and the xylene isomers suggests that the methyl-substituted aromatic rings interact with the Si(001) surface in much the same way as benzene. Differences in relative peak intensity point to the possibility that the methyl substituent groups may steer the ring into different ratios of specific bonding geometries.
A KCNE2 mutation in a patient with cardiac arrhythmia induced by auditory stimuli and serum electrolyte imbalance (2007)

Data suggest a mechanism for reduced penetrance, inherited arrhythmia in which baseline I Kr current reduction by the T10M mutation is exacerbated by superimposition of arrhythmogenic substrates such as auditory stimuli, or electrolyte disturbances that reduce I Kr (hypokalaemia) or otherwise lower the ventricular threshold for fibrillation (hypomagnesaemia and hypocalcaemia). This first example of a MiRP1 mutation associated with auditory stimulus-induced arrhythmia is supportive of the hypothesis that MiRP1 regulates hERG in the human heart.
Characterization of foam cell formation in human macrophage subsets (95.17) (2007)

Abstract The hallmark of the human atherosclerotic plaque is the presence of lipid-laden macrophages, or foam cells. However, many macrophage subsets are found within atherosclerotic lesions and it is not well understood how monocytes differentiate into these subsets. We focused on characterizing macrophages derived in vitro from human peripheral blood monocytes treated with IL-15, IL-4 or IL-10. We show these macrophages to have differing phenotypes: CD209+CD64+, CD209+CD23+, or CD209+CD163+ for macrophages derived from IL-15, IL-4, or IL-10 respectively. To characterize the macrophage subsets ability to become foam cells we measured their uptake of fluorescently-labeled oxidized LDL (oxLDL). IL-10 derived macrophages had the greatest amount of oxLDL uptake. We then investigated the mechanism of uptake and found that fucoidan, a class-A scavenger receptor competitor, significantly inhibited uptake of oxLDL in IL-10 cells. On the other hand a blocking antibody against the class B scavenger receptor, CD36, did not inhibit uptake. Furthermore, we found IL-10 macrophages to express higher mRNA levels of the class A scavenger receptors macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO) and macrophage scavenger receptor (MSR) expression. These data suggests that IL-10 may promote foam cell formation and is dependent on class-A, but not class B scavenger receptors.
Taylor Prediction for Mesh Geometry Compression (2011)

Abstract In this paper, we introduce a new formalism for mesh geometry prediction. We derive a class of smooth linear predictors from a simple approach based on the Taylor expansion of the mesh geometry function. We use this method as a generic way to compute weights for various linear predictors used for mesh compression and compare them with those of existing methods. We show that our scheme is actually equivalent to the Modified Butterfly subdivision scheme used for wavelet mesh compression. We also build new efficient predictors that can be used for connectivity‐driven compression in place of other schemes like Average/Dual Parallelogram Prediction and High Degree Polygon Prediction. The new predictors use the same neighbourhood, but do not make any assumption on mesh anisotropy. In the case of Average Parallelogram Prediction, our new weights improve compression rates from 3% to 18% on our test meshes. For Dual Parallelogram Prediction, our weights are equivalent to those of the previous Freelence approach, that outperforms traditional schemes by 16% on average. Our method effectively shows that these weights are optimal for the class of smooth meshes. Modifying existing schemes to make use of our method is free because only the prediction weights have to be modified in the code.
Cav3.1 overexpression is associated with negative characteristics and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (2018)

Cav3.1 overexpression is a potential biomarker for poorer patient outcomes. These results bring supportive evidence for calcium channels inducing an aggressive phenotype in NSCLC and potentially may serve as a therapeutic target in overexpressing tumors.
Avatars for Inclusion: Innovative mathematical approaches for students with autism (2019)

The number of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in elementary mathematics classrooms today is on the rise and educators around the world are seeking innovative methods for teaching them. The authors of this article describe using an avatar-based program called TeachLivE to help students with ASD develop a graphic organizer strategy to support their work with word problems.
Catalyst design for iron-promoted reductions: an iron disilyl-dicarbonyl complex bearing weakly coordinating η2-(H–Si) moieties (2013)

Iron disilyl dicarbonyl complex 1, in which two H-Si moieties of the 1,2-bis(dimethylsilyl)benzene ligand were coordinated to the iron center in an η(2)-(H-Si) fashion, was synthesized by the reaction of (η(4)-C6H8)Fe(CO)3 with 2 equiv. of 1,2-bis(dimethylsilyl)benzene under photo-irradiation. Complex 1 demonstrated high catalytic activity toward the hydrogenation of alkenes, the hydrosilylation of alkenes and the reduction of carbonyl compounds.
A novel coumarinic inhibitor inactivates cathepsin G but not human leucocyte elastase (1994)

peer reviewed
The role of MicroRNAs miR-200b and miR-200c in TLR4 signaling and NF-κB activation (2012)

Recognition of microbial products by members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family initiates intracellular signaling cascades that result in NF-κB activation and subsequent production of inflammatory cytokines. We explored the potential roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating TLR pathways. A target analysis approach to the TLR4 pathway adaptor molecules identified several putative targets of miR-200a, miR-200b and miR-200c. miRNA mimics were co-transfected with a NF-κB activity reporter plasmid into HEK293 cells stably expressing TLR4 (HEK293-TLR4). Mimics of both miR-200b and miR-200c, but not miR-200a, decreased NF-κB reporter activity in either untreated cells or in cells treated with endotoxin:MD2 as a TLR4 agonist. Transfection of HEK293-TLR4 cells with miR-200b or miR-200c significantly decreased expression of MyD88, whereas TLR4, IRAK-1 and TRAF-6 mRNAs were unaffected. When miR-200b or miR-200c mimics were transfected into the differentiated monocytic THP-1 cell line, the abundance of MyD88 transcripts, as well as LPS-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory molecules IL-6, CXCL9 and TNF-α were diminished. These data define miRNAs miR-200b and miR-200c as factors that modify the efficiency of TLR4 signaling through the MyD88-dependent pathway and can thus affect host innate defenses against microbial pathogens.
1769 The relationship between swainsonine-containing plants and endophytic fungi (2016)

Swainsonine, an indolizidine alkaloid with significant physiological activity, is an α-mannosidase and mannosidase II inhibitor that alters glycoprotein processing and causes lysosomal storage disease. Swainsonine is present in a number of plant families worldwide including the Convolvulaceae, Fabaceae, and Malvaceae and causes severe toxicosis in livestock grazing these plants. The three families of swainsonine containing plants are represented by six genera of plants: Ipomoea, Turbina, Astragalus, Oxytropis, Swainsona, and Sida. Two families of fungal endophytes, Pleosporaceae and Chaetothyriaceae, that produce swainsonine have been isolated from the Fabaceae and Convolvulaceae swainsonine-containing plants, respectively. Data will be presented in regard to these plant endophyte relationships. Additionally data will be presented characterizing this interaction and the influence of environment and genotype in determining swainsonine concentrations in planta. Furthermore we will present data further exploring the diversity of plants containing swainsonine and their associated endophytes.
Experimental Fatigue Life Quantification of the Effect of Blending Surface Damage on Shot-Peened Aluminum Specimens (2017)

This paper presents the results of an experimental test program aimed at the investigation of the effect on fatigue life of blending surface damage on shot-peened parts. The test program was performed on shot-peened aluminum specimens where a surface damage was introduced on the specimen by machining a notch after the shot-peening operation. This notched area was then blended to a smooth surface before performing a four point bending fatigue test. The results showed little detrimental effect of the blending operation and, in some cases, improvement on the fatigue life of the specimen compared to a baseline shot-peened and undamaged specimen. These results were investigated with fractography, residual stress measurement using X-ray diffraction and a Discrete Element Model (DEM) - Finite Element Model (FEM) to simulate the blending and assess the redistribution of the residual stresses in the specimens.
A Guide to Choosing Absolute Bank Capital Requirements (2002)

Resampling implementation of a stress-scenario approach to estimating portfolio default loss distributions is proposed as the basis for estimates of the appropriate absolute level of economic capital allocations for portfolio credit risk. Estimates are presented for stress scenarios of varying severity. Implications of use of different analysis time horizons are analyzed. Results for a numeraire portfolio are quite sensitive to such variations. Although the analysis is framed in terms of recent proposals to revise regulatory capital requirements for banks, the arguments and results are also relevant for bankers making capital structure decisions.
Effect of Futibatinib on Cardiac Repolarization: Results of a Randomized, Controlled, Double‐Blind, QT/QTc, Phase 1 Study in Healthy Subjects (2022)

Futibatinib, a fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 1-4 inhibitor, is being investigated for FGFR-aberrant tumors. A 4-period, crossover, phase 1 thorough QT/QTc study compared effects on Fridericia heart rate-corrected QT (QTcF) interval of single doses of futibatinib 20 and 80 mg (therapeutic and supratherapeutic doses, respectively), placebo, and moxifloxacin (positive control) in healthy subjects. The study objective was to assess the time-matched difference in change from baseline in QTcF (ddQTcF) between futibatinib and placebo. In addition, changes from baseline in QTcF and other electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters, pharmacokinetics, ECG morphology, and safety were assessed. Forty-eight subjects were randomized. ddQTcF upper limits of 2-sided 90%CIs remained <10 milliseconds (clinical threshold) for both futibatinib doses at all time points (range, 2.0-4.5 milliseconds). Assay sensitivity was demonstrated by lower limits of 2-sided 97.5%CIs of the dQTcF difference between moxifloxacin and placebo of >5 milliseconds. Futibatinib exposure increased in a dose-dependent manner, and no significant relationship was detected between plasma futibatinib concentration and ddQTcF. There were no significant effects on heart rate, other ECG parameters, or ECG morphology. No serious adverse events occurred. Futibatinib did not prolong QTcF or affect other cardiac measures at therapeutic or supratherapeutic doses.