gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oxygen Absorption in Nanocrystalline h-RMnO3 (R = Y, Ho, Dy) and the Effect of Ti Donor Doping (2023)

Hexagonal manganites, RMnO3 (R = Sc, Y, Ho-Lu), can reversibly store and release large quantities of oxygen at temperatures in the range of 150–400 °C. The oxygen storage properties can be tuned by combining different R3+ cations, aliovalent dopants, and crystallite sizes in the nanometer range. Here, we study the oxygen absorption of nanocrystalline RMn1–xTixO3 (R = Y, Ho, Dy; x = 0, 0.15) using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and high-temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD) in O2 and N2 atmospheres. The maximum oxygen storage capacity increases from R = Y through Ho and Dy and even further with Ti4+ as a donor dopant. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the observed trends in oxygen absorption capacity are correlated with the enthalpy of oxidation and the lattice parameters. Ti4+ also increases the thermal stability of absorbed oxygen and thereby extends the operation range to higher temperatures where the absorption and desorption kinetics are faster. Reducing the size of the crystallites improves the oxygen storage capacity as well as the absorption kinetics due to shorter diffusion distances. Finally, a thermodynamic model for the oxidation of RMnO3 is presented and fitted to TGA data and the implications for the microscopic understanding of the oxidation process are discussed.
Yoghurt consumption is associated with changes in the composition of the human gut microbiome and metabolome (2022)

Yoghurt consumption is associated with reduced visceral fat mass and changes in gut microbiome including transient increase of yoghurt-contained species (i.e. S. thermophilus and B. lactis).
Mitochondrial variant enrichment from high-throughput single-cell RNA-seq resolves clonal populations (2021)

Abstract Reconstructing lineage relationships in complex tissues can reveal mechanisms underlying development and disease. Recent methods combine single-cell transcriptomics with mitochondrial DNA variant detection to establish lineage relationships in primary human cells, but are not scalable to interrogate complex tissues. To overcome this limitation, here we develop a technology for high-confidence detection of mitochondrial mutations from high-throughput single-cell RNA-sequencing. We use the new method to identify skewed immune cell expansions in primary human clonal hematopoiesis.
Composition and Rheological Properties of β-Lactoglobulin/Pectin Coacervates:  Effects of Salt Concentration and Initial Protein/Polysaccharide Ratio (2007)

The composition and rheological properties of beta-lactoglobulin/pectin coacervates have shown significant correlations with sodium chloride concentration (C(NaCl)) and initial protein/polysaccharide ratio (r). An increase of C(NaCl) from 0.01 to 0.21 M at r = 5:1 leads to the increase in both beta-lactoglobulin and pectin contents in the coacervates, which can be explained in terms of salt-enhanced effect at lower salt concentrations. Further increase of C(NaCl) from 0.21 to 0.41 M decreases the proportions of these two biopolymers in the coacervates, exhibiting salt-reduced effect at higher salt concentrations. Moreover, the stronger self-aggregation of beta-lactoglobulin with increasing salt concentration gives rise to a decreasing actual protein/polysaccharide ratio in the coacervates at 0.01-0.21 M C(NaCl) and r = 5:1. An increase of r from 5:1 to 40:1 often increases the actual amount of pectin chains in beta-lactoglobulin/pectin coacervates, but it exhibits a maximum in beta-lactoglobulin content at r = 20:1. A much higher storage modulus (G') than loss modulus (G' ') for all beta-lactoglobulin/pectin coacervates suggests the formation of highly interconnected gel-like structure. The values of G' increase as C(NaCl) increases from 0.01 to 0.21 M, whereas a further increase of C(NaCl) from 0.21 to 0.41 M causes G' values to decrease to much lower values. These results further disclose the salt-enhanced effect and the salt-reduced effect at low and high salt concentrations, respectively. On the other hand, increasing r from 5:1 to 40:1 favors the formation of stronger gel-like beta-lactoglobulin/pectin coacervates, which mainly originates from the higher actual amount of pectin chains in beta-lactoglobulin/pectin coacervates at higher r values.
Enhancing Portal Design (2007)

In recent years, portals became more and more popular among organizations (Klaene, 2004). A portal provides a solution for aggregating content and applications from various information systems for presentation to the user (Linwood &amp; Minter, 2004). Generally, portals pose three main architectural requirements (Linwood &amp; Minter, 2004): as portals integrate heterogeneous content from various sources, a modularized architecture is necessary to allow maintainable portal systems. Second, portals require separating various concerns (Fowler, Rice, &amp; Foemmel, 2002). For instance, the portal’s user interface is supposed to display heterogeneous content consistently on various devices, whereas the backend is supposed to syndicate content from various sources. Third, a consistent management and coordination of different information sources, portal elements, and other components is necessary for good portals design.
ChemInform Abstract: RINGOEFFNUNGSRK. HETEROCYCLISCHER METALLORGANISCHER VERBINDUNGEN 3. MITT. EIN VERGLEICH VON 3‐SELENIENYLLITHIUM MIT 3‐THIENYLLITHIUM (1973)

Abstract Die thermische Ringöffnung der Lithiumverbindungen des Selenophens (I), Thiophens (V) und des Dimethylfurans (VII) wird untersucht.
Chapter One: What Is Discursive Practice?. (2008)

Twenty patients of bronchial asthma were given 5 mg of either nifedipine or verapamil as aerosol therapy in a randomized fashion. Both drugs showed a statistically significant improvement in FVC, PEFR at zero hours lasting through 90-120 minutes. Changes in respiratory rate, pulse rate, blood pressure were insignificant with verapamil while appreciable tachycardia and transient fall in BP occurred with nifedipine therapy.
The Veracruz earthquake of 28 August 1973 (1974)

The author was on holiday in Mexico City at the time of the earthquake, and felt his hotel building sway. He concluded that the ground shaking near the center of the earthquake must have been of destructive intensity and, therefore, it would be worthwhile to investigate the damage. Professor Emilio Rosenblueth of the Instituto de Ingenieria of the University of Mexico (UNAM) arranged for the author to join the team of engineers from the Instituto for their visit to the damaged area on the 29th, 30th and 31st of August. Initially, the group consisted of Professors Enrique del Valle and Oscar Hernandez, Ing. Roberto Villaverde, and the author. Later, on 30 August, this group was joined by Ing. Alejandro Gonzales, Ing. Belzay Romero, Ing. Jose Suarez and Mr. John F. Meehan, Research Director of the Office of Architecture and Construction, State of California. To these people the author expresses his sincere thanks for their consideration, and for the interesting discussions of the damage.
A near-term architecture for deploying Pip (1993)

Pip, a new Internet Protocol (IP) that is a candidate to replace IP Version 4, is discussed. Pip solves the dual problems of scaling and address depletion that currently plague IP and provides new features such as provider selection. Pip also has a means of evolving to new features, such as real-time flow handling. Pip's architecture, host input processing, evolution to real-time flows, fast options handling, and address management are described. The IP to Pip transition scheme is outlined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Growth and characterization of small band gap (∼0.6 eV) InGaAsN layers on InP (1999)

We demonstrate the growth of small band gap (Eg∼0.6 eV) strained and lattice matched single crystal InGaAsN alloys on InP substrates. InGaAsN layers with N concentrations varying from 0.6% to 3.25% were grown by gas source molecular beam epitaxy using a radio frequency plasma nitrogen source. Lattice-matched, 0.5-μm-thick InGaAsN layers with smooth surface morphologies and abrupt interfaces were achieved. Low temperature photoluminescence measurements reveal a band gap emission wavelength of 1.9 μm (at 20 K) for lattice matched InGaAsN (N∼2%). Tensile strained In0.53Ga0.47As/In0.53Ga0.47As0.994N0.006 multiple quantum wells emitting at 1.75 μm at 20 K are also reported.
A path-based relational RDF database (2005)

We propose a path-based scheme for storage and retrieval of RDF data using a relational database. The Semantic Web is much anticipated as the nextgeneration web where high-level processing of web resources are enabled by underlying metadata described in RDF format. A typical application of RDF is to describe ontologies or dictionaries, but in such applications, the size of RDF data is large. As largesize RDF data are emerging and their number is increasing, RDF databases that can manage large-size RDF data are becoming ever more important. To date, some RDF databases have already been proposed; however, they have critical problems: the performance of path queries is insufficient and they cannot discriminate between schema data and instance data. In this paper, as a solution to these problems, we propose a path-based relation RDF database. In our approach, we first divide the RDF graph into subgraphs, and then store each subgraph by applicable techniques into distinct relational tables. More precisely, all classes and properties are extracted from RDF schema data, and all resources are also extracted from RDF data. Each is assigned an identifier and a path expression, and stored in corresponding relational table. Because our proposed scheme retains schema information and path expressions of each resource, unlike most conventional RDF databases, it is possible to process path-based queries efficiently and store RDF instance data without schema information. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated through several experiments.
Safety Trade-Offs in MMH Tool Selection (2003)

What is the best tool for a lifting task when all environmental and physical factors are considered?
Effect of Pulmonary Surfactant on Antimicrobial Activity In Vitro (2013)

Time-kill curve experiments were performed with linezolid, doripenem, tigecycline, moxifloxacin, and daptomycin against Staphylococcus aureus and with colistin, moxifloxacin, and doripenem against Pseudomonas aeruginosa to evaluate the effect of porcine pulmonary surfactant on antimicrobial activity. Pulmonary surfactant significantly impaired the activities of moxifloxacin and colistin. When antibiotics are being developed for respiratory tract infections, the method described here might be used to preliminarily quantify the effect of pulmonary surfactant on antimicrobial activity.
Kinetics of Citral Hydrogenation by Supported Ionic Liquid Catalysts (SILCA) for Fine Chemicals (2007)

The use of ionic liquids in catalysis is attracting interesting attention in chemical engineering. Supported ionic liquid catalyst (SILCA) compounds consist of immobilized catalytic species (e.g., transition metal particles residing in an ionic liquid layer immobilized on a solid support). In this work, the kinetics of SILCA compounds has been studied in detail and a mechanistic kinetic model, which describes the differences in selectivity and activity of the catalysts that contain different ionic liquids, has been developed.
Three Strongylocentrotus purpuratus actin genes show correct cell-specific expression in hybrid embryos of S. purpuratus and Lytechinus pictus (1989)

The cell-specific expression of three actin genes from the sea urchin species Strongylocentrotus purpuratus was examined in hybrid embryos of S. purpuratus and another species, Lytechinus pictus, by in situ hybridization. The mRNAs from each of these genes displayed distinct spatial patterns of expression in late-stage hybrid embryos (constructed in either direction), being detected only in the cell lineages where they are normally found in S. purpuratus embryos (i.e. CyIIIa, only in the aboral ectoderm lineage; CyI, in the gut, oral ectoderm and some mesenchyme cells of plutei, and preferentially in the archenteron of gastrulae; M, only in two small clusters of cells near the esophagus in plutei). These results, together with our previous observation that expression of each of these genes is activated at the same stage in these hybrid embryos as in normal S. purpuratus embryos, demonstrate that the trans-acting factors which are necessary to regulate both the temporal and spatial expression of these genes are present in the hybrid embryos. Previous experiments have shown that the expression of a chimeric gene containing the CyIIIa promoter fused to a bacterial chloramphenicol actetyltransferase (CAT) gene is not confined to the correct cell lineage (aboral ectoderm) when injected into Lytechinus embryos. The conclusion from these sets of data is that the factor(s) that regulate the spatial expression of at least one of the actin genes must derive from transcription of the zygotic genome.
Cloing and characterization of an Escherichia coli gene, pcnB, affecting plasmid copy number (1989)

A gene, pcnB, affecting the copy number of ColE1-related plasmids has been cloned and mapped to 3.6 min on the Escherichia coli chromosome between panD and fhu. The gene encodes a previously undescribed 48 kD protein. Several independently isolated mutants exhibiting the same phenotype, reduced copy number, have been shown to be pcnB-.
Erste klinische Erfahrungen bei der Nutzung von triphasischen Stimulationspulsen bei CI-Patienten mit Fazialisnebenstimulation (2018)

Die meisten CIs verwenden biphasische Rechteckimpulse zur Stimulation des Hörnervens. Die durch den Impuls übertragene Ladungsmenge, die zur Wahrnehmung eines angenehmen Höreindrucks führt, ist individuell und für jede cochleäre Elektrode verschieden. Bestimmt wird die Ladungsmenge durch die Amplitude und die Dauer des Pulses. In einigen Fällen geht mit dieser Stimulation auch eine unerwünschte Reizung des Gesichtsnervens einher, die sich meist in einem sichtbaren und fühlbaren Zucken des Augenlids oder des Mundwinkels äußert. In Untersuchungen von Bahmer et. al. (2016) konnte in einigen Fällen mittels der Stimulation mit triphasischen Pulsen eine Reizung des Gesichtsnervens reduziert oder verhindert werden. Die Möglichkeit zur Nutzung von triphasischen Stimulationsimpulsen ist seit geraumer Zeit auch in der klinischen Routine möglich. Es wird über erste Erfahrungen aus der klinischen Routine berichtet.
[Virus resistance in transgenic watermelon plants containing a WMV-2 coat protein gene]. (2003)

Virus disease is a major cause that affects the quality and output of watermelon which is an important fruit in summer. So it is really urgent to develop disease resistance plants. But it takes a long time to breed such plants in conventional ways, and it is very difficult to get ideal result. With the development of plant genetic engineering, new ways have been found to breed plants with disease resistance. By using plant transgenic technique, much progress was been made in plant improvement. There are many successful cases of transgenic plants against corresponding virus disease through transferring coat protein gene. This paper reports the results of inheritance, segregation, expression of WMV-2 coat protein gene in inbred transgenic watermelon and its resistance to virus. Through PCR analysis of inbred plants, we found WMV-2 coat protein gene in the genome of progeny R1 separated with 3:1. After successive selection and identification of 4 generations, 8 transgenic pure lines with almost the same agronomic traits were obtained from 3 independent transformants of T7, T11 and T32. The result of Western blotting shows all 3 different transgenic lines of R4T7-1, R4T11-3 and R4T32-7 can produce coat protein. Disease resistance experiment on transgenic plants with WMV-2 shows that, compared with the control groups, transgenic plants can delay the disease infection and reduce the incidence and the symptoms of virus disease. And the transgenic line R4T32-7 expressed high resistance to infection by WMV-2, which lays a foundation for breeding of disease resistant varieties through plant transgenic technique.
Tumor Initiating Cells (2009)

Cancer Stem cells (CSC) are defined as a population of cells found within a tumor that have characteristics similar to normal stem cells. Like normal stem cells they have the potential to self renew and differentiate. The cellular origin of these cancer stem cells--whether they originate from stem cells that have lost the ability to regulate proliferation, or they arise from more differentiated population of progenitor cells that have acquired abilities to self-renew is still unclear. Investigators have reported isolation of cancer stem cells or tumor initiating cells using techniques developed for isolating hematopoietic stem cells and assays that identify a small subset of tumor initiating cells. The TICs are thought to play an important role in tumor development, progression as well response to therapy and relapse. Strategies that combine conventional therapies with newer approaches that target the TICs may be more effective in tumor cell kill are discussed.
Editorial: Novel Tools for the Study of Structural and Functional Networks in the Brain (2018)

EDITORIAL article Front. Phys., 21 February 2018Sec. Interdisciplinary Physics Volume 6 - 2018 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2018.00011
Smallpox Vaccination Policy — The Need for Dialogue (2002)

The recent cases of anthrax due to bioterrorism and the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, have led to an unprecedented degree of concern and urgency regarding the vulnerability of our society to more such attacks.1 At the Department of Health and Human Services, efforts to counter bioterrorism are focused on a group of pathogenic microbes that include Bacillus anthracis (the cause of anthrax), variola virus (the cause of smallpox), Yersinia pestis (the cause of plague), Francisella tularensis (the cause of tularemia), Clostridium botulinum (which causes botulism), and the hemorrhagic-fever viruses such as Ebola.1 Within this group, smallpox stands out . . .
Spinal toll-like receptors and nociceptive processing (2013)

Chronic pain affects billions and billions of people worldwide and its underlying mechanisms responsible are vast and poorly understood. Both neural and immune mechanisms play a role in the development and maintenance of chronic pain. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of receptors that play a key role in the innate immune system, many of which are associated with foreign bodies or genomic material derived from pathogens. Additionally, TLRs are also activated by endogenous cell components secondary to cell death, endocytosis, and inflammatory tissue damage. Although TLRs are widely known to play a role in the response to infectious processes, current work indicates the presence of endogenous TLRs in the nervous system, particularly on non-neuronal, glial cells. These non-neuronal, glial cells are mechanistically involved in regulating local system excitability secondary to high intensity afferent input and nerve injury. This organization suggests that TLRs may play a role in mediating spinal sensitization initiated by peripheral stimulation. I aim to characterize the role of spinal TLRs and define their contribution to the spinal processing of nociceptive information. Organizing hypothesis : Following nerve injury, the activation of TLRs contributes to spinal sensitization due to their direct activation of non- neuronal cells and the resulting release of central pain mediators. Additionally, TLRs and their signaling intermediaries, or adaptor proteins, determine the recovery pathway after initial insult. To investigate the above hypotheses, I will utilize both in vitro and in vivo models and will undertake experiments to address three primary aims : (1) Determine which TLRs present on primary astrocyte and microglial cells initiate glial activation, as assessed by cytokine and interferon release; (2) Determine the role of spinal TLRs in the facilitated pain state and the contribution of specific TLR adaptor proteins following acute pain; (3) Establish the role of TLR activation in the associated hyperalgesia produced by peripheral nerve injury, and assess glial activation and contribution of adaptor proteins to this hyperalgesic state. Taken together these studies will define the role of the several TLRs in regulating dorsal horn excitability leading to behaviorally defined changes in pain processing
Evidence for Sialylated Type 1 Blood Group Chains on Human Erythrocyte Membranes Revealed by Agglutination of Neuraminidase‐Treated Erythrocytes with Waldenström's Macroglobulin IgMwoo and Hybridoma Antibody FC 10.2 (1985)

Haemagglutination studies have been performed with untreated and neuraminidase-treated human erythrocytes of the three Lewis antigen types Le(a-b-), Le(a+b-) and Le(a-b+) using two monoclonal antibodies, IgMWOO and FC 10.2, which were previously shown to recognize the type 1 based blood group chains: Gal beta 1----3GlcNAc beta 1----3Gal beta 1----4Glc/GlcNAc (for explanation of abbreviations see table IV legend). Both antibodies behaved as cold agglutinins with neuraminidase-treated but not with untreated erythrocytes of the three Lewis antigen types. Neuraminidase-treated erythrocytes of i antigen type were similarly agglutinated. This haemagglutination was specifically inhibited by the type 1 based milk oligosaccharide lacto-N-tetraose. Thus, there is strong evidence for the occurrence of sialylated type 1 chains on human erythrocyte membranes of I and i antigen types. In addition, evidence for the presence of type 1 chains which are both sialylated and fucosylated was obtained by (1) haemagglutination of Le(a+b-) erythrocytes with the monoclonal antibody 19.9; (2) increased haemagglutination of neuraminidase-treated erythrocytes with anti-H antibodies of Bombay serum; (3) increased haemagglutination of neuraminidase-treated Le(a+b-) cells with anti-Lea antibodies, and (4) the appearance of Lea antigen activity on neuraminidase-treated erythrocytes of Le(a-b+) type.
Handling occlusions in dense multi-view stereo (2005)

While stereo matching was originally formulated as the recovery of 3D shape from a pair of images, it is now generally recognized that using more than two images can dramatically improve the quality of the reconstruction. Unfortunately, as more images are added, the prevalence of semi-occluded regions (pixels visible in some but not all images) also increases. We propose some novel techniques to deal with this problem. Our first idea is to use a combination of shiftable windows and a dynamically selected subset of the neighboring images to do the matches. Our second idea is to explicitly label occluded pixels within a global energy minimization framework, and to reason about visibility within this framework so that only truly visible pixels are matched. Experimental results show a dramatic improvement using the first idea over conventional multibaseline stereo, especially when used in conjunction with a global energy minimization technique. These results also show that explicit occlusion labeling and visibility reasoning do help, but not significantly, if the spatial and temporal selection is applied first.
LSDX: a new labelling scheme for dynamically updating XML data (2005)

In order to facilitate query processing for XML data, several path indexing, labelling and numbering scheme have been proposed. However, if XML data need to be updated frequently, most of these approaches will need to re-compute existing labels which is rather time consuming. In this paper, we propose a new Labelling Scheme for Dynamic XML data (LSDX) that supports the representation of the ancestor - descendant relationship and sibling relationship between nodes. Moreover, LSDX supports the process of updating XML data without the need of re-labelling existing labels, hence facilitating fast update. Some experimental works have been conducted to show its effectiveness.