gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IL-6 rescues resting mouse T cells from apoptosis (1997)

It has previously been demonstrated that mature mouse T cells live for many weeks in vivo. In contrast, explanted lymph node or splenic T cells undergo spontaneous death within days, suggesting that survival factors supplied in vivo are not present in normal tissue culture medium. We discovered that IL-6 can rescue resting T cells from apoptosis in vitro. We show that recombinant mouse IL-6 as well as IL-6 in endothelial cell supernatants are sufficient to rescue T cells from death in the absence of additional cytokines. We show that CD4+ T cells express Bcl-2 immediately following isolation from the mouse, but after 24 h in culture Bcl-2 is undetectable. If during this time period the T cells are incubated with rIL-6, Bcl-2 expression is not down-regulated. It is, therefore, possible that IL-6 rescue from death is mediated by maintenance or induction of Bcl-2 expression. Addition of rIL-6 does not by itself induce blastogenesis or proliferation, and therefore, this cytokine appears to be a true survival factor rather than a mitogenic factor for resting T cells. Together, these results support a potential role for IL-6 as one of the factors important for prolonging resting T cell survival in vivo.
Hierarchical brushing in a collection of video data (2005)

The amount of digital video and associated metadata being generated and stored is increasing rapidly. Given the complex spatial and temporal structure of video information it is a formidable challenge to provide compact and human-readable representations of such content. The solution has to be versatile in order to satisfy different user needs, such as browsing, zooming (looking for something specific), discovering or recording access patterns performing partial searches that can be re-used later, etc. We present a new approach that addresses many of the difficulties. Our representation provides at-a-glance high-level overview of the video collection and also serves as a navigational tool in that collection. While the user navigates to finer-level representations in the video collection our visualization allows him to maintain a sense of location and context within the collection. We introduce the movieDNA as an abstraction to visualize interesting features in a video. Our compact, yet flexible, representation is applicable to any type of linear data. In order to access even larger amounts of data in one view and to express several levels of granularity and compactness we extend the movieDNA to a hierarchical movieDNA. Hierarchical brushing enables browsing, navigating and visualizing several semantic levels of video content. We discuss hierarchical brushing of video content for various user scenarios and present examples demonstrating the versatility of our approach.
Investigation of anti-intrusion beams in vehicle side doors (2010)

In the case of sideone, there are notheless vehiclelations, but none of them defines strength charac-teristics of side doors anti-intrusion beams. After ex-perimetal testing of side doors anti-intrusion beams pro-duced by different manufacturers it was stated, that the beams support very different bending loadings, what al-lows to do an assumption, that a beam being mounted not always fulfils its function or mechanical features are cho-sen unreasonably. Computational models of side doors anti-intrusion beams, allowing preliminarily evaluation of structure stiffness during vehicle impact against side obsta-cle, were developed.
Enterocytozoon bieneusi among children with diarrhea attending Mulago Hospital in Uganda. (2002)

The prevalence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in the general population is unknown. Using genetic tools, we investigated its prevalence and contribution to diarrhea and malnutrition in hospitalized children in Uganda. A cross-sectional, case-control study involving diarrheic children who were matched for age and sex (3:1) with control children. Measurements included anthropometry and clinical assessment. A total of 17.4% of 1,779 children with diarrhea were infected with E. bieneusi compared with 16.8% of 667 control children (CHI2 = 0.137, P = 0.712). Prevalence was highest during the rainy seasons. There was no significant relationship between infection with E. bieneusi and stunting, being underweight, wasting, or acute diarrhea. However, children who were E. bieneusi-positive by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) had diarrhea for a longer period (15.15 versus 9.67 days; F = 12.02; P = 0.001) compared with children who were either uninfected or were E. bieneusi-positive by a nested PCR. We conclude that E. bieneusi is widespread among children 3-36 months of age in Uganda, and that in a cross-sectional study, there was no clear association of E. bieneusi with poor nutrition or diarrhea. Since E. bieneusi is closely linked with persistent diarrhea and wasting in adults who are positive for human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), the outcome of follow-up studies involving children who are HIV/AIDS-positive and severely malnourished children may be entirely different and warrants further study.
Fractional flow reserve in acute coronary syndromes (2014)

This editorial refers to ‘Fractional flow reserve versus angiography in guiding management to optimize outcomes in non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: the British Heart Foundation FAMOUS-NSTEMI randomized trial’, by J. Layland et al. , on page doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehu338 

Little doubt exists about the outcome benefit of an invasive strategy in patients with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS).1 Yet, once the revascularization is performed, the treatment strategy of patients admitted with an ACS is not always as straightforward in daily clinical practice as indicated in guidelines.2 The reasons for this are at least three-fold.

First, a sizable proportion of patients admitted for an ACS have multiple stenoses on the angiogram.3 Based on the clinical history, the electrocardiogram (ECG), and the angiogram, it is (usually) easy to identify the stenosis responsible for the acute clinical syndrome, but not to decide whether the non-culprit stenoses warrant treatment. Secondly, incomplete revascularization—whatever its definition4—is associated with poor outcomes.3 While the timing of this additional revascularization procedure remains debated, leaving stenoses that induce ischaemia untreated is detrimental.7 Thirdly, assessing residual ischaemia after an ACS is less reliable than what is usually reported in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Many patients admitted with an ACS have several …
Reliability, efficiency, and cost comparisons of MW-scale photovoltaic inverters (2012)

This paper surveys the-state-of-the-art of high power photovoltaic (PV) inverters, and a novel quasi-Z source cascaded multilevel inverter (CMI) is proposed for application to MW-scale PV system. The proposed quasi-Z source CMI has a constant dc-link voltage and minimum KVA rating, compared to a traditional CMI with an unbalanced dc-link voltage and oversized KVA rating. Four MW-scale PV inverter topologies, including two 2-level inverters with and without transformer, traditional CMI, and quasi-Z source CMI, are compared in their reliability, power loss, and cost, by using an example of 1MW/4160V PV inverter. The quantified comparison shows that the traditional and quasi-Z source CMIs achieve better performance metrics in MW-scale PV inverter applications, than the 2-level inverters. Moreover, the quasi-Z source CMI is preponderant, when compared to traditional CMI, in its higher efficiency, lower cost, and one-third power modules saving. It is concluded that multilevel and modular topologies could become main structures for utility-scale PV inverters.
Dual Antegrade Response Tachycardia Induced Cardiomyopathy (2004)

We report a rare case of tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy resulting from nearly incessant dual antegrade response tachycardia. Criteria necessary for sustaining dual antegrade responses are discussed, including: (1) sufficient antegrade dissociation of the AV node; (2) absence of retrograde conduction over each AV nodal pathway following antegrade conduction over its counterpart; (3) difference between fast and slow pathway conduction times exceeding His-Purkinje refractoriness; and (4) critical timing of sinus impulses relative to preceding AV nodal conduction. Both the arrhythmia and cardiomyopathy were successfully treated by slow pathway ablation.
Age-related attenuation of cortical synaptic tagging in the ACC is rescued by BDNF or a TrkB receptor agonist in both sex of mice (2023)

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a key cellular mechanism for learning and memory, and recent studies in the hippocampus found that LTP was impaired in aged animals. Previous studies of cortical LTP have focused primarily on the homosynaptic plasticity in adult mice, while fewer studies have looked at heterosynaptic plasticity-such as synaptic tagging in aged mice. In the present study, we investigated synaptic tagging in adult and middle-aged mice's anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) using the 64-channel multielectrode dish (MED64) recording system. We found that synaptic tagging was impaired in the ACC of middle-aged male mice as compared to adult mice. Both the network late-phase LTP (L-LTP) and the recruitment of inactive responses were reduced in the ACC of middle-aged male mice. Similar results were found in female middle-aged mice, indicating that there is no gender difference. Furthermore, bath application of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) or systemic treatment with newly developed TrkB receptor agonists R13, was shown to rescue both synaptic tagging, and L-LTP, in middle-aged mice. To determine the distribution of synaptic LTP within the ACC, a new visualization method was developed to map the Spatio-temporal variation of LTP in the ACC. Our results provide strong evidence that cortical potentiation and synaptic tagging show an age-dependent reduction, and point to the TrkB receptor as a potential drug target for the treatment of memory decline.
Revealing shape semantics from morphological similarities of a collection of architectural elements: The case study of the columns of Saint-Michel de Cuxa (2013)

Over the last three decades, the introduction of digital technologies in the field of architectural documentation has profoundly changed the tools and the acquisition techniques. Most of the developments concerns metrical and colorimetric characteristics of the objects studied. These developments, surrounding the practice of architectural survey, tend to respond primarily to the requirements of completeness. In this context, it seems necessary to assess the impact of these instruments on the cognitive value of architectural representation. With a strong technological presence, the study of the built heritage is facing a problem of "overload" of information. Indeed, it fails to strengthen the representation in its role as vehicle of knowledge. Confronted with the intelligibility deficit, this article propose an original approach for reading morphological features of an artifact by using a bottom-up approach: the meaning of the elements comes from the analysis of low-level geometric properties of a collection of instances related to the same theorical model. The idea is to rely on data accumulation in order to make emerge high-level semantic features from the comparative analysis of common low-level geometric features. The introduced principles are illustrated by the comparative analysis of 31 columns of the cloister of the abbey of Saint-Michel Cuxa, aimed to identify a common semantic layout.
Sympathetic Hyperactivity, Sleep Fragmentation, and Wake-Related Blood Pressure Surge During Late-Light Sleep in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (2015)

Our results reveal that sleep-related sympathetic overactivity, baroreflex sensitivity impairment, WBPS, and sleep fragmentation in SHRs deteriorates during the late-light period can be partially alleviated by treatment with an α1-adrenoceptor antagonist.
Solid-Phase Synthesis of Glycosyl Phosphate Repeating Units via Glycosyl Boranophosphates as Stable Intermediates (2023)

Solid-phase synthesis of glycosyl phosphate repeating units was investigated using glycosyl boranophosphates as stable precursors. The stable nature of glycosyl boranophosphate enables the elongation of a saccharide chain without remarkable decomposition. After deprotection of the boranophosphotriester linkages to boranophosphodiesters, the intersugar linkages were converted to the phosphate counterparts quantitatively using an oxaziridine derivative. This method significantly improves the synthesis of oligosaccharides containing glycosyl phosphate units.
Toward a Smart Grid: Integration of computational intelligence into Power Grid (2010)

The development of an intelligent electric grid of future, a smart grid, has attracted significant amount of attention recently from academia, industry, and government as well. Among many efforts toward this objective, computational intelligence research could provide important technical support to help the society to accomplish this goal. In this paper, I present a high level discussion on the vision of smart grid and how computational intelligence research can provide critical technical support to this vision. Specifically, wide area situational awareness and adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) based intelligent control are used as two examples in this work to illustrate the potential technical contributions of computational intelligence research toward the long-term objective of a smart grid. Numerous recent activities in the society on smart grid as well as future challenges and opportunities in this field are also highlighted and discussed in this paper.
Synthesis and thermolysis of dimeric glyceraldehyde and glycolaldehyde carbonates (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and thermolysis of dimeric glyceraldehyde and glycolaldehyde carbonatesKenneth F. Podraza and John D. NaworalCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1986, 34, 5, 841–843Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00071a019https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00071a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views156Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Direct Interaction between G-Protein βγ Subunits and the Raf-1 Protein Kinase (1995)

Raf-1 is a serine/threonine protein kinase positioned downstream of Ras in the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade. Using a yeast two-hybrid strategy to identify other proteins that interact with and potentially regulate Raf-1, we isolated a clone encoding the carboxyl-terminal half of the G beta 2 subunit of heterotrimeric G-proteins. In vitro, purified G beta gamma subunits specifically bound to a GST fusion protein encoding amino acids 1-330 of Raf-1 (Raf/330). Binding assays with truncation mutants of GST-Raf indicate that the region located between amino acids 136 and 239 is a primary determinant for interaction with G beta gamma. In competition experiments, the carboxyl terminus of beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (beta ARK) blocked the binding of G beta gamma to Raf/330; however, the Raf-1-binding proteins, Ras and 14-3-3, had no effect. Scatchard analysis of in vitro binding between Raf/330 and G beta gamma revealed an affinity of interaction (Kd = 163 +/- 36 nM), similar to that seen between G beta gamma and beta ARK (Kd = 87 +/- 24 nM). The formation of native heterotrimeric G alpha beta gamma complexes, as measured by pertussis toxin ADP-ribosylation of G alpha, could be disrupted by increasing amounts of Raf/330, with an EC50 of approximately 200 nM, in close agreement with the estimated binding affinity. In vivo complexes of Raf-1 and G beta gamma were isolated from human embryonic kidney 293-T cells transfected with epitope-tagged G beta 2. The identification and characterization of this novel interaction raises several possibilities for signaling cross-talk between growth factor receptors and those receptors coupled to heterotrimeric G-proteins.
[Hepatitis B vaccine: characterization of the polypeptides of hepatitis B surface antigen (author's transl)]. (1980)

In order to realize a new kind of hepatitis B vaccine, the polypeptide components of the outer-coat of the hepatitis B virus have been studied. The characterization of the polypeptides of purified hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was performed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Seven polypeptides were observed, designated P1 to P7, according to their increasing molecular weight: P1 (MW = 24,000), P2 (MW = 32,500) and P6 (MW = 78,000) represented the major components. When the reducing action was increased and followed by alkylation and citraconylation, a single polypeptide of low MW (5,000 less than MW less than 10,000) was isolated from HBsAg.
Completeness of Follow-Up Determines Validity of Study Findings: Results of a Prospective Repeated Measures Cohort Study (2015)

Follow-up completeness is a pre-requisite for reliable outcome assessment and should be declared systematically. FUI represents a simple measure suited as reporting standard. Evidence lacking such information must be challenged as potentially flawed by selection bias.
Special issue: Physics of Organic Semiconductors (2004)

This special issue of physica status solidi (a) gives an overview of our present-day knowledge of the physics behind organic semiconductor devices, ranging from the growth of organic layers and crystals, their electronic properties at interfaces, their photophysics and electrical transport properties to the application in organic field-effect transistors, photovoltaic cells and organic light-emit-ting diodes. Guest Editor of the present issue is Wolfgang Brütting, professor at the University of Augsburg, where he leads a research group working on organic semiconductors, their physical and materials properties, and the understanding of the basic processes in these materials and devices. The cover picture is an angular plot of the anisotropy of the charge carrier mobility μ in the a–b plane of a rubrene single crystal, probed on an elastomeric rubber stamp field-effect transistor device. The black and red squares correspond to the values of μ extracted from the linear and saturation regimes of the transistor operation, respectively. More information can be found in the Review Article by R. W. I. de Boer et al. [1].
Self-Assembly Behavior of Some Co-and Heteropolysaccharides Related to Hemicelluloses (2003)

The self-assembly behavior of a series of fluorinated cellulose ester copolymers with different F-substituents and with varying cellulose propionate (CP) molecular weight, and that of several xylan-rich hetero-polysaccharides and their derivatives, were examined in relation to their critical micelle concentration (CMC) and their interaction with model cellulosic surfaces. The F-containing CP derivatives had a telechelic architecture based on mono-functional CP segments of well-defined size; their F-content varied with the type of fluoro-alcohol group. The model cellulosic surface consisted of Langmuir-Blodgett films prepared from trimethylsilyl (TMS) cellulose in accordance with work by Schaub et al. Surface adsorption ("docking") of watersoluble xylan derivatives was studied by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy. Surface deposition was also examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results suggest that the CMC varies with both the chemical structure and the molecular weight of the amphiphile, and that cationic substituents and an enhanced hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance contribute to make the most strongly adsorbing water-soluble xylan on a cellulose surface. However, other xylans also adhere to, or selfassemble on a model cellulosic surfaces. Several hypothetical aggregate structures are presented.
Correlating low-level image statistics with users - rapid aesthetic and affective judgments of web pages (2009)

In this paper, we report a study that examines the relationship between image-based computational analyses of web pages and users' aesthetic judgments about the same image material. Web pages were iteratively decomposed into quadrants of minimum entropy (quadtree decomposition) based on low-level image statistics, to permit a characterization of these pages in terms of their respective organizational symmetry, balance and equilibrium. These attributes were then evaluated for their correlation with human participants' subjective ratings of the same web pages on four aesthetic and affective dimensions. Several of these correlations were quite large and revealed interesting patterns in the relationship between low-level (i.e., pixel-level) image statistics and design-relevant dimensions.
Utilization of extracorporeal life support for diffuse alveolar damage and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage: A systematic review (2020)

Modern extracorporeal life-support (ECLS) technology has been successfully utilized to treat patients with diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH); however, reports in the literature remain scarce. We sought to pool existing evidence to better characterize ECLS use in these patients. An electronic search was conducted to identify all studies in the English literature reporting the use of ECLS for DAD/DAH. Thirty-two articles consisting of 38 patients were selected, and patient-level data were extracted and pooled for analysis. Median patient age was 36 [IQR: 27, 48] years, and the majority (63.2%) were female. Most common etiological factors included granulomatosis with polyangiitis (8/38, 21.1%), systemic lupus erythematosus (8/38, 21.1%), Goodpasture's syndrome (4/38, 10.5%), and microscopic polyangiitis (4/38, 10.5%). Immunologic markers included anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) in 15/38 (39.5%), anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) in 6/38 (15.8%), and anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) antibodies in 4/38 (10.5%). DAH was present in 32/38 (84.2%) of cases and DAD without evidence of DAH was present in 6/38 (15.8%) of cases. ECLS strategies included extracorporeal membrane oxygenation of veno-venous type (VV-ECMO) in 28/38 (73.7%), veno-arterial type (VA-ECMO) in 5/38 (13.2%), and one case of right ventricular assist device with oxygenator (RVAD-ECMO). Heparin was utilized in 18/38 (47.4%) of cases with no difference in use between DAH versus no DAH (P = .46) or VA- versus VV-ECLS (P = 1). Median duration of ECLS was 10 [5, 14] days. Pre- versus post-ECLS comparison of blood gases showed improvement in median PaO<sub>2</sub> (49 [45, 59] mm Hg vs. 80 [70, 99] mm Hg, P < .001), PaO2:FiO<sub>2</sub> ratio (48.2 [41.4, 54.8] vs. 182.0 [149.4, 212.2], P < .01), and pulse oximetry values (76% [72, 80] vs. 96% [94, 97], P = .086). Overall, 94.7% (36/38) of patients survived to decannulation while 30-day mortality was 10.5% (4/38) with no differences between VA- and VV-ECMO (P = 1 and P = .94, respectively). DAD/DAH occurs in a younger, predominantly female population, and tends to be associated with systemic autoimmune processes. ECLS, independent of its type, appears to result in favorable short-term survival.