gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SiGe HBT CML Ring Oscillator With 2.3-ps Gate Delay at Cryogenic Temperatures (2010)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> We present a measured current-mode logic ring oscillator gate delay of 2.3 ps, a record for digital circuits in silicon-based technologies. This result was achieved in a silicon–germanium (SiGe) heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) technology operating at 25 K. In addition to higher cutoff frequency and lower collector-base capacitance, lower base resistance is also responsible for the improved switching speed at cryogenic temperatures. The self-heating characteristics of these SiGe HBT circuits are also investigated across temperatures. </para>
Reducing Perceived Physical Stress While Transferring Residents (1999)

The purpose of this small study was to compare the physical exertion felt by nursing staff while transferring non-weight bearing residents from bed to chair and chair to bed using various methods of transfer. Another goal was to compare the residents' feelings of comfort and security using these transfer methods. Transfers using a specially designed chair that included a friction reducing transfer pad with handles were compared with transfers using a mechanical lift and a gait belt. Nursing personnel rated their perceived exertion immediately after the transfers; residents rated their feelings of comfort and security immediately after the transfer. Perceived physical exertion to shoulders, upper back, low back, and body were significantly decreased when using the chair and transfer pad. Residents reported feeling more comfortable and more secure while being transferred via the chair and pad versus the traditional methods of transfer in and out of bed.
Contribution of metamaterials to improvement of scan performance and reconfigurability of phased array antennas (2014)

This document presents insights on new generation multilayer `Tile' phased array antennas with inclusion of metamaterial structures interacting with electromagnetic wave propagation in order to improve radiating performance of the antenna (reduction/mitigation of `blindness' phenomenon, reduction of side and back radiation), and frequency agility by optical control.
Immunotherapy with Regulatory T Cells in Transplantation (2009)

Regulatory T cell (Treg)-based immunotherapy is of great interest to induce tolerance in clinical transplantation settings. In fact, the first clinical trials of Treg infusion after stem cell transplantation have recently begun. However, many important issues regarding human Treg immunotherapy are still to be resolved. In this review, we provide a short update on Tregs and elaborate on various strategies for Treg-based immunotherapy. First, infusion of ex vivo-selected naturally occurring Tregs is addressed, with emphasis on Treg isolation, expansion, antigen specificity, homing and stability. Next, the potential of ex vivo-induced Treg transfusion strategies is discussed. Finally, therapies aimed at in vivo increase of Treg numbers or function are addressed. In addition, we summarize the current knowledge on effects of immunosuppressive drugs on Tregs. In the following years, we expect exciting new data regarding the clinical application of Treg immunotherapy in transplantation to be released.
Optimization of power transformers based on operative service conditions for improved performance (2012)

There is an increased trend in recent years to legislate and regulate in energy efficiency, noise emissions and other environmental related aspects that are driving utilities and manufacturers to work together in different stages of the transformer life. One important goal of this collaborative effort is to achieve an optimized definition and transformer design by adapting the main requirements and specifications to the actual service conditions.
Preparation and characterization of beryllium doped organic plasma polymer coatings (1995)

We report the formation of beryllium doped plasma polymerized coatings derived from a helical resonator deposition apparatus, using diethylberyllium as the organometaric source. These coatings had an appearance not unlike plain plasma polymer and were relatively stable to ambient exposure. The coatings were characterized by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Coating rates approaching 0.7 {mu}m hr{sup {minus}1} were obtained with a beryllium-to-carbon ratio of 1:1.3. There is also a significant oxygen presence in the coating as well which is attributed to oxidation upon exposure of the coating to air. The XPS data show only one peak for beryllium with the preponderance of the XPS data suggesting that the beryllium exists as BeO. Diethylberyllium was found to be inadequate as a source for beryllium doped plasma polymer, due to thermal decomposition and low vapor recovery rates.
Dear Faculty, Ask for More (2011)

To determine whether there is a difference on the historical and clinical characteristics of omphalitis among term and preterm appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and small for gestational age (SGA) infants, we prospectively investigated 85 newborns with bacteriologically proved omphalitis. Study groups were based on gestational age and being SGA. Preterm AGA infants had significantly lower mean age and neutrophil counts. Risk factors such as septic delivery including unplanned home delivery, and bacterial spectrum were similar in the groups. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were the most frequent micro-organisms. Mortality rates for the study groups were similar and overall case fatality rate was 13 per cent. Immunological immaturity of preterm newborns may explain the earlier occurrence age of omphalitis and lower absolute neutrophil count. The following features such as early-onset infection, septic delivery including unplanned home delivery and abnormal temperature may be considered as determinants of poor prognosis. However, further studies are needed.
Effect of preservatives and pasteurization on microorganisms isolated from Nigerian bottled palm wine (1985)

Comparaison de l'efficacite de trois conservateurs (metabisulfite de sodium, benzoate de Na ou acide propionique), a trois concentrations differentes et de trois traitements de pasteurisation (30 min. a 80 o C, 35 min. a 65 o C ou 40 min. a 70 o C) vis-a-vis des principales especes de levures et bacteries isolees de vin de palme : Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Streptococcus avium, Bacillus pulmilus et Lactobacillus plantarum
Pregnancy-Associated Hypertension and Offspring Cardiometabolic Health (2018)

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00069576.
Falling through the cracks: the hidden economic burden of chronic illness and disability on Australian households (2012)

Major reform plus targeted strategies have the potential to provide relief.
Efficient classification algorithm and a new training mode for the adaptive radial basis function neural network equaliser (2012)

The study presents a new classification algorithm and a new online training mode used for learning the parameters of a Bayesian RBFNN (radial basis function neural network) equaliser in a non-linear time-varying channel. The classification algorithm is used to determine the centres of the hidden layer neurons that are equal to the channel states. This proposed unsupervised classification algorithm is based on both the K-means and the rival penalised competitive algorithms. Its main advantage is neither an initialisation phase nor a knowledge of the channel states number is required. The connections of weights and the spread of the hidden neurons are learned by the gradient descent algorithm, which applies a new proposed training mode. This training mode combines the advantages of both the online and the offline training modes such as stability and good speed of convergence. The performances of the RBFNN equaliser trained by the proposed method are shown in comparison with the performances of the optimal Bayesian equaliser and those of the same equaliser trained by other known training modes. All these performances are studied by using different types of channels.
MELD: A Multimodal Multi-Party Dataset for Emotion Recognition in Conversations (2019)

Emotion recognition in conversations (ERC) is a challenging task that has recently gained popularity due to its potential applications. Until now, however, there has been no largescale multimodal multi-party emotional conversational database containing more than two speakers per dialogue. To address this gap, we propose the Multimodal EmotionLines Dataset (MELD), an extension and enhancement of EmotionLines. MELD contains about 13,000 utterances from 1,433 dialogues from the TV-series Friends. Each utterance is annotated with emotion and sentiment labels, and encompasses audio, visual, and textual modalities. We propose several strong multimodal baselines and show the importance of contextual and multimodal information for emotion recognition in conversations.
Chemoselective Synthesis and Human Ecto‐5′‐nucleotidase Inhibitory Activity of 2‐Trifluoromethyl‐4,6‐diarylquinolines (2018)

Abstract Diarylated 2‐(trifluoromethyl)quinolines, containing two identical aryl groups, were prepared by Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction of 4,6‐dibromo‐2‐(trifluoromethyl)quinoline. In order to obtain quinolines, containing two different aryl groups, the starting material had to be modified in order to obtain a high degree of regioselectivity of the reaction. The 6‐bromo‐4‐chloro‐2‐(trifluoromethyl)quinoline with arylboronic acids allowed for a one‐pot, two‐step synthesis of various products in very good yields. The synthesized derivatives were evaluated for their potential to inhibit ecto‐ 5 ′‐nucleotidase, both human and rat source. Most derivatives exhibited selective inhibition on human ecto‐ 5 ′‐nucleotidases ( h ‐e 5 ′NT) with significant inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) values. The results were evaluated by docking studies.
Stereoselective synthesis of highly functionalized tetrahydrocarbazoles through a domino Michael–Henry reaction: an easy access to four contiguous chiral centers (2013)

For the first time, a very simple, efficient, mild, catalytic and one-step procedure for the synthesis of a series of densely functionalized 1-methoxycarbonyl-2-aryl-3-nitro-4-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9H-carbazole derivatives has been achieved via a domino Michael–Henry reaction of methyl 3-formyl-1H-indole-2-acetates with β-nitrostyrenes using DABCO as an organocatalyst. Furthermore, the high enantio-(≤92% ee) and diastereoselective (≤12 : 1 dr) synthesis of the title compounds has been achieved with excellent yields using 9-O-benzylcupreidine (10 mol%) as a catalyst.
First-Order Perturbation Analysis of the SECSI Framework for the Approximate CP Decomposition of 3-D Noise-Corrupted Low-Rank Tensors (2017)

The Semi-Algebraic framework for the approximate Canonical Polyadic (CP) decomposition via SImultaneaous matrix diagonalization (SECSI) is an efficient tool for the computation of the CP decomposition. The SECSI framework reformulates the CP decomposition into a set of joint eigenvalue decomposition (JEVD) problems. Solving all JEVDs, we obtain multiple estimates of the factor matrices and the best estimate is chosen in a subsequent step by using an exhaustive search or some heuristic strategy that reduces the computational complexity. Moreover, the SECSI framework retains the option of choosing the number of JEVDs to be solved, thus providing an adjustable complexity-accuracy trade-off. In this work, we provide an analytical performance analysis of the SECSI framework for the computation of the approximate CP decomposition of a noise corrupted low-rank tensor, where we derive closed-form expressions of the relative mean square error for each of the estimated factor matrices. These expressions are obtained using a first-order perturbation analysis and are formulated in terms of the second-order moments of the noise, such that apart from a zero mean, no assumptions on the noise statistics are required. Simulation results exhibit an excellent match between the obtained closed-form expressions and the empirical results. Moreover, we propose a new Performance Analysis based Selection (PAS) scheme to choose the final factor matrix estimate. The results show that the proposed PAS scheme outperforms the existing heuristics, especially in the high SNR regime.
Оценка селевого риска в экономических показателях на примере Сибирского федерального округа (2019)

The results of economic assessment of debris flow risk in terms of the annual damage probability for municipalities are presented. Calculations of risk account for geophysical parameters of debris flows, such as susceptibility of the territory to debris flows, their frequency and duration of debris flow hazard period, as well as socio-economic characteristics of municipalities based on data from the Russian Federal State Statistics Service. It was found that the highest calculated values of debris flows risk (direct and total) are typical of the Republic of Buryatia and the Irkutsk region. The maximum values of total debris flows risk at the municipal level correspond to the Bodaibo and Slyudyansk (Irkutsk Region) and Tunkinsk and Kabansk (Republic of Buryatia) municipalities. The highest vulnerability to debris flows was found for Nizhneudinsk, Slyudyansky (Irkutsk Region), Zakamensk, Kurumkansk, Muysk, Okinsk, and Tunkinsk municipalities of the Siberian Federal District, where the debris flows risk amounts to 1 to 2% of the municipal gross production.
SPECT Imaging of Muscle Injury with [99mTc]MDP in a Mouse Model of Muscular Dystrophy (2019)

Higher uptake of [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]MDP in muscle of mdx mice agrees with histological reports of muscle calcification in mdx mice, and suggests the potential translational use of [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]MDP imaging for tracking DMD progression and therapeutic response.
[Influence of the posterior tibial tendon on the medial arch of the foot: an in vitro kinetic and kinematic study]. (2003)

The results of this in vitro study show that defective tibialis posterior alone does not produce significant changes in the kinetics or kinematics of the stance phase of normal gait. This suggests that the development of flat foot observed in degeneration of the tibialis posterior tendon occurs only after fatigue of the passive structures of the foot.
Domain mapping of the retinal cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase γ-subunit. Function of the domains encoded by the three exons of the γ-subunit gene (1992)

Retinal rod-outer-segment phosphodiesterase (PDE) is a heterotetramer consisting of two similar, but not identical, catalytic subunits (alpha and beta) and two identical inhibitory subunits (gamma 2). Previously, we have reported that the site of PDE alpha/beta interaction with PDE gamma is located within residues 54-87 [Cunnick, Hurt, Oppert, Sakamoto & Takemoto (1990) Biochem. J. 271, 721-727]. The site for PDE gamma interaction with transducin alpha (T alpha) was found to encompass residues 24-45 of PDE gamma [Morrison, Cunnick, Oppert & Takemoto (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 11671-11681]. In order to identify binding sites and other functional domains of PDE gamma, the three peptides which are encoded by the three exons of the PDE gamma gene were synthesized chemically. These exons encode for residues 1-49, 50-62 and 63-87 of bovine PDE gamma [Piriev, Purishko, Khramtsov & Lipkin (1990) Dokl. Akad. Nauk. SSSR 315, 229-230]. The peptide encompassing residues 63-87 was inhibitory in a PDE assay, whereas peptides 1-49 and 50-62 had no effect. However, both peptides 1-49 and 63-87 bound to PDE alpha/beta in a solid-phase binding assay. Only peptide 1-49 bound to T alpha.GTP[S] (GTP[S] is guanosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate). These data confirm that the inhibitory region of PDE gamma is encoded by exon 3 (residues 63-87), whereas a separate binding site for PDE alpha/beta and for T alpha.GTP[S] is encoded by exon 1 (residues 1-49). To study further the structure-function relationship of PDE gamma, this entire protein and two mutants were chemically synthesized. One mutant (-CT) lacked residues 78-87, whereas another replaced tyrosine-84 with glycine (TYR-84). Whereas the synthetic PDE gamma inhibited PDE alpha/beta catalytic activity, the -CT and TVR-84 mutants did not. All three synthetic proteins bound to both PDE alpha/beta and and T alpha.GTP[S]. These data confirm the presence of an alternative binding site on PDE gamma and demonstrate the importance of tyrosine-84 in PDE gamma inhibitory activity.
Modulation and Modulators (2011)

Depending on the communication systems with corresponding requirements on transmitting power, signal quality, frequency bandwidth, power consumption, system complexity, or cost, different types of the modulation scheme can be used based on analog and digital modulation techniques. This chapter discusses the basic features of different types of analog modulation including amplitude, single-sideband, frequency, and phase modulation and basic types of digital modulation such as amplitude shift keying, frequency shift keying, phase shift keying, or pulse code modulation and their variations. The principle of operations and various schematics of the modulators for different modulation schemes including Class-S modulator for pulse-width modulation are described. Finally, the concept of time and frequency division multiplexing is introduced, as well as brief description of different multiple access techniques is given. Controlled Vocabulary Terms digital modulation; multiaccess communication
NeuroVault.org: A web-based repository for collecting and sharing unthresholded statistical maps of the human brain (2014)

Here we present NeuroVault - a web based repository that allows researchers to store, share, visualize, and decode statistical maps of the human brain. NeuroVault is easy to use and employs modern web technologies to provide informative visualization of data without the need to install additional software. In addition, it leverages the power of the Neurosynth database to provide cognitive decoding of deposited maps. The data are exposed through a public REST API enabling other services and tools to take advantage of it. NeuroVault is a new resource for researchers interested in conducting meta- and coactivation analyses.
A comparison of two methods for measuring thermal thresholds in diabetic neuropathy. (1989)

Thermal thresholds can be measured psychophysically using either the method of limits or a forced-choice method. We have compared the two methods in 367 diabetic patients, 128 with symptomatic neuropathy. The Sensortek method was chosen for the forced-choice device, the Somedic modification of the Marstock method for a method of limits. Cooling and heat pain thresholds were also measured using the Marstock method. Somedic thermal thresholds increase with age in normal subjects, but not to a clinically significant degree. In diabetics Marstock warm threshold increased by 0.8 degrees C/decade, Sensortek by 0.1 degrees C/decade. Both methods had a high coefficient of variation in normal subjects (Sensortek 29%, Marstock warm 14%, cool 42%). The prevalence of abnormal thresholds was similar for both methods (28-32%), though Marstock heat pain thresholds were less frequently abnormal (18%). Only 15-18% of patients had abnormal results in both tests. Sensortek thresholds were significantly lower on repeat testing, and all thresholds were higher in symptomatic patients. Both methods are suitable for clinical thermal testing, though the method of limits is quicker. In screening studies the choice of a suitable apparatus need not be determined by the psychophysical basis of the test.
Effects of Hierarchical Architecture on Electronic and Mechanical Properties of Nanocast Monolithic Porous Carbons and Carbon−Carbon Nanocomposites (2006)

This study compares the effects of meso- and macroporosity and the influence of nanocomposite structure on textural, electronic, and mechanical properties of monolithic carbon samples. Glassy carbon monoliths with three-dimensionally ordered macropores and walls containing mesopores (3DOM/m C) were synthesized by nanocasting from monolithic silica with hierarchical pore structure. The porous silica monoliths (3DOM/m SiO2) were prepared by combining colloidal crystal templating with surfactant templating. These preforms were infiltrated with a phenolic resin through a gas-phase process. After carbonization and HF extraction of silica, the resulting carbon monoliths maintained the open, interconnected macropore structure of the preform and the mesoporosity of the skeleton, which provided a high surface area >1200 m2/g to the material. Subsequent introduction of more graphitic, nitrogen-doped carbon into the mesopores by chemical vapor deposition produced a monolithic nanocomposite material (3DOM/m C/C). The materials were characterized in detail by powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, nitrogen-adsorption measurements, depth-sensing indentation, and electrochemical measurements. The mechanical strength, electronic conductivity, and capacity for lithiation of 3DOM/m C, 3DOM/m C/C, and a 3DOM carbon prepared from resorcinol-formaldehyde precursors without templated mesopores (3DOM RFC) were compared to evaluate the effects of the wall nanostructure and composition on these properties. The mechanical strength and electronic conductivity of the nanocomposite were significantly higher than those before addition of the second carbon phase. The nanocomposite suppressed formation of a solid-electrolyte interface layer during lithiation and had higher lithiation capacity than 3DOM RFC at high discharge rates, but not at low rates.
Boundary-aware Information Maximization for Self-supervised Medical Image Segmentation (2022)

Unsupervised pre-training has been proven as an effective approach to boost various downstream tasks given limited labeled data. Among various methods, contrastive learning learns a discriminative representation by constructing positive and negative pairs. However, it is not trivial to build reasonable pairs for a segmentation task in an unsupervised way. In this work, we propose a novel unsupervised pre-training framework that avoids the drawback of contrastive learning. Our framework consists of two principles: unsupervised over-segmentation as a pre-train task using mutual information maximization and boundary-aware preserving learning. Experimental results on two benchmark medical segmentation datasets reveal our method's effectiveness in improving segmentation performance when few annotated images are available.