gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a Megakaryocyte-specific Enhancer of the Key Hemopoietic Transcription Factor GATA1 (2006)

Specification and differentiation of the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages from a common bipotential progenitor provides a well studied model to dissect binary cell fate decisions. To understand how the distinct megakaryocyte- and erythroid-specific gene programs arise, we have examined the transcriptional regulation of the megakaryocyte erythroid transcription factor GATA1. Hemopoietic-specific mouse (m)GATA1 expression requires the mGata1 enhancer mHS-3.5. Within mHS-3.5, the 3' 179 bp of mHS-3.5 are required for megakaryocyte but not red cell expression. Here, we show mHS-3.5 binds key hemopoietic transcription factors in vivo and is required to maintain histone acetylation at the mGata1 locus in primary megakaryocytes. Analysis of GATA1-LacZ reporter gene expression in transgenic mice shows that a 25-bp element within the 3'-179 bp in mHS-3.5 is critical for megakaryocyte expression. In vitro three DNA binding activities A, B, and C bind to the core of the 25-bp element, and these binding sites are conserved through evolution. Activity A is the zinc finger transcription factor ZBP89 that also binds to other cis elements in the mGata1 locus. Activity B is of particular interest as it is present in primary megakaryocytes but not red cells. Furthermore, mutation analysis in transgenic mice reveals activity B is required for megakaryocyte-specific enhancer function. Bioinformatic analysis shows sequence corresponding to the binding site for activity B is a previously unrecognized motif, present in the cis elements of the Fli1 gene, another important megakaryocyte-specific transcription factor. In summary, we have identified a motif and a DNA binding activity likely to be important in directing a megakaryocyte gene expression program that is distinct from that in red cells.
MIMOSA: An Automatic Change Detection Method for SAR Time Series (2013)

This paper presents a new automatic change detection technique for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) time series, i.e., Method for generalIzed Means Ordered Series Analysis (MIMOSA). The method compares only two different temporal means between the amplitude images, whatever the length of the time series. The method involves three different steps: 1) estimation of the amplitude distribution parameters over the images; 2) computation of the theoretical joint probability density function between the two temporal means; and 3) automatic thresholding according to a given false alarm rate, which is the only change detection parameter. The procedure is executed with a very low computational cost and does not require any spatial speckle filtering. Indeed, the full image resolution is used. Due to the temporal means, the data volume to process is reduced, which is very helpful. Moreover, the two means can be simply updated using the new incoming images only. Thus, the full time series is not processed again. Change detection results between image pairs are presented with the airborne sensor CARABAS-II, using a public data release, and with TerraSAR-X data. In the case of time series, change detection results are illustrated using a TerraSAR-X time series. In every case, the MIMOSA method produces very good results.
Reaction of Au55(PPh3)12Cl6with Thiols Yields Thiolate Monolayer Protected Au75Clusters (2005)

This paper describes the reaction of the phosphine-protected Au nanoparticle Au(55)(PPh(3))(12)Cl(6) (1, "Au55") with hexanethiol (2) and other thiols. The voltammetry of the reaction product 2 displays a well-defined pattern of peaks qualitatively reminiscent of Au(38) nanoparticles, but with quite different spacing (0.74 +/- 0.01 V) between the potentials of initial oxidation and reduction steps (electrochemical gap). Correction of this "molecule-like" gap for charging energy indicates a HOMO-LUMO gap energy of about 0.47 V. Voltammetry of the products (3 and 4) of reaction of 1 with C(3)H(7)SH and PhC(2)H(4)SH, respectively, is similar. Laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) shows that 2 contains a high proportion of a core mass in the 14-15 kDa range, which is proposed to be Au(75). UV-vis spectra of 2-4 are relatively featureless, similar to previous reports of thiolate-protected Au(75) nanoparticles. HPLC analysis of 2 shows a Au(75) content of ca. 73%; the electrochemical purity estimate is also high, about 55%. Combining the mass spectrometric result with thermogravimetric analysis of 2 leads to a preliminary formulation Au(75)(SC(6)H(13))(40). This Au(75) synthesis complements a previous Brust-type synthesis and is unusual in the apparent provocation in the reaction of an increase in core size.
Trauma center level impacts survival for cirrhotic trauma patients (2013)

Epidemiologic study, level III.
Design and testing of a double X-frame piezoelectric actuator (2000)

The development and testing of a new actuator for helicopter rotor control, the Double X-Frame, is described. The actuator is being developed for wind tunnel and flight testing on an MD-900 helicopter. The double X-frame actuator has a number of design innovations to improve its performance over the original X-frame design of Prechtl and Hall. First, the double X-frame design uses two X-frames operating in opposition, which allows the actuator stack preloads to be applied internally to the actuator, rather than through the actuation path. Second, the frames of the actuator have been modified to improve the actuator form factor, and increase the volume of active material in the actuator. Testing of the double X-frame piezoelectric actuator was conducted in order to determine its performance (stroke and stiffness) and robustness. In general, stiffness test data compared well with the analytical predictions. The actuator stroke was about 15% less than expected, probably due to the stack output being less in the actuator than as measured in single stack segment testing in the lab. The actuator was also tested dynamically, to determine its frequency response. Actuator robustness was evaluated by measuring its performance when subjected to the effects of blade bending, vibration, and centrifugal loading. Blade elastic bending and torsion deformations were simulated by shimming of the actuator mounts. To assess the impact of the blade vibrations, the actuator and bench test rig were mounted on a hydraulic shaker and subjected to flapwise or chordwise accelerations up to 30 g. To assess the impact of centrifugal force loading, the actuator and bench test rig were spun in the University of Maryland vacuum chamber, so that the actuator was subjected to realistic accelerations, up to 115% of nominal. Results showed that actuator output (force times stroke) was largely unaffected by dynamic and steady accelerations or elastic blade deformations.
A new multi-parent recombination genetic algiorithm (2004)

This paper proposes a new Multi-parent Recombination Genetic Algorithm, which introduces a new Fitness-Weighted Crossover (FWX) and adopts a random threshold based mechanism to determine the parent-number of multi-parent recombination. FWX is the generalization of Single-point Crossover, Two-point Crossover, Multi-point Crossover, Uniform Crossover, Arithmetic Crossover and Multi-parent Occurrence Based Scanning Crossover. It endures the fitter parent a bigger influencing factor, which is used to determine the contribution of parents to their offspring. The new GA approach guarantees the validity of the offspring by the fact that FWX is a convex combination of parents. Experiment on a suit of benchmark functions validated the advantages of our approach.
PolyA tracks and poly-lysine repeats are the Achilles heel of Plasmodium falciparum (2018)

Abstract Plasmodium falciparum , the causative agent of human malaria, is an apicomplexan parasite with a complex, multi-host life cycle. Sixty percent of transcripts from its extreme AT-rich (81%) genome possess coding polyadenosine (polyA) runs, distinguishing the parasite from its hosts and other sequenced organisms. Recent studies indicate that transcripts with polyA runs encoding poly-lysine are hot spots for ribosome stalling and frameshifting, eliciting mRNA surveillance pathways and attenuating protein synthesis in the majority of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Here, we show that the P. falciparum translational machinery is paradigm-breaking. Using bioinformatic and biochemical approaches, we demonstrate that both endogenous genes and reporter sequences containing long polyA runs are efficiently and accurately transcribed and translated in P. falciparum cells. Translation of polyA tracks in the parasite does not elicit any response from mRNA surveillance pathways usually seen in host human cells or organisms with similar AT content. The translation efficiency and accuracy of the parasite protein synthesis machinery reveals a unique role of ribosomes in the evolution and adaptation of P. falciparum to an AU-rich transcriptome and polybasic amino sequences. Finally, we show that the ability of P. falciparum to synthesize long poly-lysine repeats has given this parasite a unique protein exportome and an advantage in infectivity that can be suppressed by addition of exogenous poly-basic polymers.
A 1200-atmosphere bulk-type all-silicon pressure sensor (2017)

Distinct from conventional diaphragm-type pressure sensors, a bulk-type silicon-based pressure sensor is proposed and demonstrated. External hydrostatic pressure acting on the sensor is converted to biaxial compression inside an all-silicon encapsulated vacuum cavity, and measured using four piezoresistors oriented to optimally utilize the anisotropy of silicon piezoresistance. Limited only by the test setup but intrinsically capable of a much higher pressure rating, the sensor has been tested to 120 MPa (around 1200 atmospheres). Containing no fragile movable micro-structures and constructed almost entirely of silicon using conventional micro-fabrication techniques, the self-contained sensor is robust and potentially low-cost.
Demonstration of the Secure Wireless Agent Testbed (SWAT) (2004)

We will demonstrate the Secure Wireless Agent Testbed (SWAT), a unique facility developed at Drexel University to study integration, networking and information assurance for next-generation wireless mobile agent systems. SWAT is an implemented system that fully integrates: (1) mobile agents, (2) wireless ad hoc multi-hop networks, and (3) security. The demonstration will show the functionality of a number of decentralized agent-based applications, including applications for authentication, collaboration, messaging, and remote sensor monitoring. The demonstration will take place on a live mobile ad hoc network consisting of approximately a dozen nodes (PDAs, tablet PCs, and laptops) and hundreds of mobile software agents.
Error correction based on redundant Residue Number System (2015)

In Residue Number System (RNS), a large integer is represented as a set of smaller integers called residues. Redundant Residue Number System (RRNS) is obtained by adding some redundant residues which brings in error detection and error correction capability. This capability makes RRNS a promising way to provide a very fast arithmetic in the field of digital computers. At the receiver, RRNS codes are decoded using Chinese Remainder theorem (CRT). An alternative scheme called Mixed Radix Conversion (MRC) is also used which results in low decoding complexity when compared to CRT. This paper presents a single bit error correction algorithm using RRNS. This algorithm doesn't require table lookup which helps to save memory during implementation. Representative examples are given.
Evolving Large-Scale Neural Networks for Vision-Based TORCS (2013)

The TORCS racing simulator has become a standard testbed used in many recent reinforcement learning competitions, where an agent must learn to drive a car around a track using a small set of task-specific features. In this paper, large, recurrent neural networks (with over 1 million weights) are evolved to solve a much more challenging version of the task that instead uses only a stream of images from the driver’s perspective as input. Evolving such large nets is made possible by representing them in the frequency domain as a set of coefficients that are transformed into weight matrices via an inverse Fourier-type transform. To our knowledge this is the first attempt to tackle TORCS using vision, and successfully evolve a neural network controllers of this size.
Cardiomyopathy induced by cardiac Gs alpha overexpression (1997)

The goal of this study was to determine whether chronic endogenous sympathetic stimulation resulting from the overexpression of cardiac stimulatory G protein alpha subunit (Gs alpha) in transgenic mice (15.3 +/- 0.1 mo old) resulted in a clinical picture of cardiomyopathy. The left ventricular ejection fraction, measured by echocardiography, was reduced in older mice with Gs alpha overexpression (50.4 +/- 5.4%) compared with age-matched control mice (70.9 +/- 1.6%; P < 0.05). When ejection fractions were compared at similar heart rates, the Gs alpha mice exhibited a greater left ventricular end-diastolic dimension than control mice (4.3 +/- 0.2 vs. 3.7 +/- 0.1 mm; P < 0.05). Baseline heart rates were elevated in conscious Gs alpha mice (722 +/- 27 beats/min; n = 5) compared with control mice (656 +/- 28 beats/min; n = 5). Moreover, electrocardiographic monitoring demonstrated a high incidence of arrhythmias. Increased mortality compared with control mice (31.6 vs. 3.0%; P < 0.01) was also observed. Thus older mice with Gs alpha overexpression exhibit many of the features of dilated cardiomyopathy. This study supports the concept that chronic sympathetic stimulation over an extended period of time, i.e., over the life of an animal, is deleterious and actually may result in cardiomyopathy.
Sonochemistry. Part 1—The physical aspects (1987)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Enhancement of heat transfer and thermal homogenity with motionless mixers (1979)

Abstract Motionless mixers are well suited to augment heat transfer and to provide a uniform thermal environment in laminar flow reactors. Heat transfer performance can be characterized with the Nusselt number, while the degree of thermal homogeneity can be characterized using the thermal time distribution which is the nonisothermal analogue of the residence time distribution. Theoretical results, calculations, and design strategies are presented for a variety of mixer types including flow inverters as well as the more common flow dividers. Two‐channel, partial flow inversion is an excellent, near optimal, strategy for cooling or other situations such as polymerizations which give elongated velocity profiles. For flattened velocity profiles, perfect mixing can sometimes give better results. In practice, however, partial inverters can be expected to outperform those motionless mixers which are primarily flow dividers.
Determining clinically meaningful decline in preclinical Alzheimer disease (2019)

A preclinical AD population declines to the cognitive performance of an early MCI population in 6 years. Slowing this rate of decline by 40%-50% delays clinically relevant impairment by 3 years-a potentially meaningful treatment effect. However, assuming a 40%-50% drug effect highlights the difficulties in preclinical AD trial design, as a more commonly assumed treatment effect of 25% results in a required sample size of 2,000/group. Designers of preclinical AD treatment trials need to prepare for larger and longer trials than are currently being considered. Interactions with Aβ status were inconsistent and not readily generalizable.
Risks and Benefits of Home Parenteral Nutrition in the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (1991)

The gastrointestinal tract is a major target of the human immunodeficiency virus. Many AIDS patients have weight loss and/or diarrhea. Parenteral nutrition can be used to treat malnutrition associated with malabsorption. We reviewed retrospectively the clinical course of 22 patients with AIDS and weight loss greater than 10% who received home parenteral nutrition (HPN) for 56.2 patient-months. Mean weight loss was 21.4%, mean duration of HPN 2.55 months, mean age 37.4 years. Fifteen patients gained weight, six stabilized and two continued to lose weight. Nine patients returned to previous activity. Five died. The rates of catheter-related sepsis, complications, and metabolic disturbances were 0.12, 0.25, and 0.12/100 catheter days, respectively, results identical to those reported in other patient populations where HPN is commonly applied. We found that HPN induced weight gain and clinical improvement in most patients without higher risks of sepsis than in patients with malignancies.
Ultrafast observation of shocked states in a precompressed material (2010)

We apply ultrafast single shot interferometry to determine the pressure and density of argon shocked from up to 7.8 GPa static initial pressure in a diamond anvil cell. This method enables the observation of thermodynamic states distinct from those observed in either single shock or isothermal compression experiments. In particular, this method enables access to high density, relatively low temperature states of light materials, such as isentropically compressed states of giant planets. Further, since excitation by a shock wave is intrinsically ultrafast and this method has picoseconds time resolution, it has the potential to observe the collective dynamics of materials undergoing shock induced phase transitions and chemistry on ultrafast time scales. We also present a straightforward method for interpreting ultrafast shock wave data which determines the index of refraction at the shock front, and the particle and shock velocities for shock waves in transparent materials. Based on these methods, we observe shocked thermodynamic states between the room temperature isotherm of argon and the shock adiabat of cryogenic argon at final shock pressures up to 28 GPa.
Antagonistic Effects of Sodium Butyrate and N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-retinamide on Prostate Cancer (2007)

Butyrates and retinoids are promising antineoplastic agents. Here we analyzed effects of sodium butyrate and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-retinamide (4-HPR) on prostate cancer cells as monotherapy or in combination in vitro and in vivo. Sodium butyrate and 4-HPR induced concentration-dependent growth inhibition in prostate cancer cells in vitro. The isobologram analysis revealed that sodium butyrate and 4-HPR administered together antagonize effects of each other. For the in vivo studies, a water-soluble complex (4-HPR with a cyclodextrin) was created. A single dose of sodium butyrate and 4-HPR showed a peak level in chicken plasma within 30 minutes. Both compounds induced inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis in xenografts of the chicken chorioallantoic membrane. Analysis of the cytotoxic effects of the drugs used in combination demonstrated an antagonistic effect on inhibition of proliferation and on induction of apoptosis. Prolonged jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation induced by sodium butyrate and 4-HPR was strongly attenuated when both compounds were used in combination. Both compounds induced inhibition of NF-kappaB. This effect was strongly antagonized in LNCaP cells when the compounds were used in combination. These results indicate that combinational therapies have to be carefully investigated due to potential antagonistic effects in the clinical setting despite promising results of a monotherapy.
Electrostatic Wave Reflection from a Plasma Density Gradient (1973)

We report measurements of the reflection coefficient $R$ for electron plasma waves propagating into a density gradient on a narrow column. Within experimental error, $R$ is proportional to $\mathrm{exp}(\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta})$ when $R$ is less than 0.25 and is equal to $\mathrm{exp}(\ensuremath{-}0.23\ensuremath{\delta})$ for $R$ greater than 0.25, where $\ensuremath{\delta}$ is the inverse of the WKB parameter.
Experimental Evaluation of Transmit Antenna Selection Implemented in FPGA for Eigenbeam MIMO-OFDM (2006)

This paper describes the performance of transmit antenna selection for an eigenbeam multiple-input multiple-output with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) system as measured in a testbed implemented with field programmable gate array (FPGA); it also targets wireless LANs. For this verification, we employ the determinant-based transmit antenna selection approach based on the estimated instantaneous MIMO channel matrix to reduce the computational complexity. The measured packet error rate (PER) performance confirms that the eigenbeam scheme with three-select-two antenna selection scheme provides a slight degradation in required carrier-to-noise power ratio (C/N), approximately 0.2 dB from the eigenbeam-only scheme, but with significantly lower computational complexity. Furthermore, with regard to the impact of Doppler frequency, we focus on the transmission interval between MIMO channel estimation and data transmission. To suppress the degradation in required C/N to within 1.5 dB, a transmission interval of approximately 15.0 ms is permitted without using the re-estimation procedure in f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> = 5 Hz, for eigenbeam 16QAM/MIMO-OFDM with three-select-two antenna selection
Aromaticity in Heterocyclic Systems. IV. Substitution Reactions of Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine and Related Methyl Derivatives1 (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAromaticity in Heterocyclic Systems. IV. Substitution Reactions of Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine and Related Methyl Derivatives1John P. Paolini and Roland K. RobinsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 12, 4085–4090Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01023a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01023a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views733Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Investigation of a 2.45 GHz ECR plasma for ion etching (1992)

Reactive ion-stream etching of SiO2 by CF4 ECR plasma has been investigated using different magnetic configurations. Whereas a permanent multipole field yielded the best results concerning the homogeneity over a large area, the highest etching rates were achieved with a longitudinally gradient field.