gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Managing Inflammation after Spinal Cord Injury through Manipulation of Macrophage Function (2013)

Spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers inflammation with activation of innate immune responses that contribute to secondary injury including oligodendrocyte apoptosis, demyelination, axonal degeneration, and neuronal death. Macrophage activation, accumulation, and persistent inflammation occur in SCI. Macrophages are heterogeneous cells with extensive functional plasticity and have the capacity to switch phenotypes by factors present in the inflammatory microenvironment of the injured spinal cord. This review will discuss the role of different polarized macrophages and the potential effect of macrophage‐based therapies for SCI.
Genetic and Physiological Analysis of an Irradiated Bloomless Mutant (Epicuticular Wax Mutant) of Sorghum (2008)

An irradiation‐induced bloomless mutant of sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.], KFS2021, which visually exhibits an absence of white fluffy epicuticular wax in leaf and sheath, was characterized using a combination of genetic and physiological approaches. Study of the phenotypic segregation for the bloomless trait in F 2 and F 2:3 populations from a cross between KFS2021 and BTx623 (a cultivar with bloom showing profuse deposition of white epicuticular wax) suggests that bloomless is controlled by a single nuclear recessive gene. The bloomless parent (KFS2021) and F 2 individuals had lower frequency of guttation, leakier epidermal layer (based on percentage of chlorophyll leaching), and higher rate of seedling water loss than the BTx623 and F 2 bloom individuals. Bloomless F 2 individuals showed 3‐ to 6‐fold higher nighttime transpiration rates relative to F 2 bloom individuals based on nighttime conductance. Correlation analysis showed significant negative associations between leaf epicuticular wax load with epidermal permeability and nighttime conductance, which indicate the important role of epicuticular wax in these traits. These results suggest that epicuticular wax may enhance water use efficiency of sorghum by regulating nighttime water loss.
Supplementary Figure 6 from Lrig1 Is an Estrogen-Regulated Growth Suppressor and Correlates with Longer Relapse-Free Survival in ERα-Positive Breast Cancer (2023)

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New Air-Stable n-Channel Organic Thin Film Transistors (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTNew Air-Stable n-Channel Organic Thin Film TransistorsZhenan Bao, Andrew J. Lovinger, and Janelle BrownView Author Information Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies 600 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974 Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology 500 Memorial Dr., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 1, 207–208Publication Date (Web):January 14, 1998Publication History Received7 August 1997Published online14 January 1998Published inissue 1 January 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9727629https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9727629rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6043Altmetric-Citations786LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Atmospheric chemistry,Deposition,Mobility,Thin films,Transistors Get e-Alerts
IGF‐1 induces IP3‐dependent calcium signal involved in the regulation of myostatin gene expression mediated by NFAT during myoblast differentiation (2012)

Skeletal muscle differentiation is a complex and highly regulated process characterized by cell cycle arrest, which is associated with morphological changes including myoblast alignment, elongation, and fusion into multinucleated myotubes. This is a balanced process dynamically coordinated by positive and negative signals such as the insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) and myostatin (MSTN), respectively. In this study, we report that the stimulation of skeletal myoblasts during differentiation with IGF-1 induces a rapid and transient calcium increase from intracellular stores, which are principally mediated through the phospholipase C gamma (PLC γ)/inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3 )-dependent signaling pathways. This response was completely blocked when myoblasts were incubated with LY294002 or transfected with the dominant-negative p110 gamma, suggesting a fundamental role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in PLCγ activation. Additionally, we show that calcium released via IP3 and induced by IGF-1 stimulates NFAT-dependent gene transcription and nuclear translocation of the GFP-labeled NFATc3 isoform. This activation was independent of extracellular calcium influx and calcium release mediated by ryanodine receptor (RyR). Finally, we examined mstn mRNA levels and mstn promoter activity in myoblasts stimulated with IGF-1. We found a significant increase in mRNA contents and in reporter activity, which was inhibited by cyclosporin A, 11R-VIVIT, and by inhibitors of the PI3Kγ, PLCγ, and IP3 receptor. Our results strongly suggest that IGF-1 regulates myostatin transcription through the activation of the NFAT transcription factor in an IP3 /calcium-dependent manner. This is the first study to demonstrate a role of calcium-dependent signaling pathways in the mRNA expression of myostatin.
Evaluation of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method as a Tool for Diagnosis of Infection by the Zoonotic Simian Malaria ParasitePlasmodium knowlesi (2010)

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a novel method that rapidly amplifies target DNA with high specificity under isothermal conditions. It has been applied as a diagnostic tool for several infectious diseases, including viral, bacterial, and parasitic diseases. In the present study, we developed a LAMP method for the molecular diagnosis of Plasmodium knowlesi infection (PkLAMP) and evaluated its sensitivity, specificity, and clinical applicability. We designed three sets of PkLAMP primers for the species-specific beta-tubulin gene. The primer sets for PkLAMP specifically amplified the autologous DNA extracts of P. knowlesi, and the sensitivity of the test was 100-fold that of single-PCR assay. These results indicate that our PkLAMP method can be used to efficiently distinguish between P. knowlesi and other malaria parasites. To evaluate the feasibility of using in vivo materials, comparisons of PkLAMP and the conventional nested PCR (nPCR) method and microscopic examination were made with blood samples from two experimentally infected monkeys. These studies showed that P. knowlesi infection can be identified much earlier with PkLAMP than with nPCR and microscopy. Moreover, the detection performance of PkLAMP using whole blood as the template was identical to that of PkLAMP when genomic DNA extracts were used. These results suggest that the PkLAMP method is a promising tool for molecular diagnosis of P. knowlesi infection in areas of endemicity.
The Next Transformation in the Delivery of Health Care (1995)

Despite the perils of predicting the future of our health care system, many people have weighed in on how they expect the delivery of care to evolve. Such predictions are usually based on the conspicuous trend toward industrial-size delivery networks involving large populations enrolled in managed-care plans, vertically integrated medical center conglomerates, and a few giant insurance companies.13 In my view, several subtle trends will have a profound influence on the delivery of health care: the rapid growth of computer-based electronic communication, the fact that a new generation is increasingly comfortable with the electronic transfer of information, and the . . .
Ship classification by sound signature (2009)

Nowadays, either for supervision or for defense purposes, the transportation is being controlled by RADAR (Radio Detecting and Ranging). RADAR helps us get information about objects of interest by transmitting electromagnetic radio waves to the target and analyzing the reflecting signals. We understand that in order to determine any given object's information (speed, distance etc) the first action is always taken by the control center. This also tells us that the moving object can also notice the electromagnetic radio waves and hence the control center can also be sensed. It is of great importance in the defense systems that the object under inspection should not notice being recognized. If we could get information about the target by controlling the waves sent by the target rather than sending any signals to it we could be on the advantageous side. In this study the vehicles were classified by the sounds they make while operating. Working units of the marine vehicles (engine, fan, the generator and etc) analyzed and the sounds they diffuse to the environment while operating were characterized. In the characteristics determination the MFCC (Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients) method used to determine the features of the vehicles and by the k-means method, the defined features degraded to a specific number, k-NN (k-Nearest Neighbor) method selected for the classification and recognition of the vehicles.
Visual simulation of clouds (1985)

Clouds present serious problems to standard computer image generation techniques because clouds do not have well-defined surfaces and boundaries. In addition, clouds contain varying degrees of translucence, and their amorphous structure can change with time. Although several approaches to cloud simulation have produced impressive results, they have relied on complex mathematical models which produce high computation costs for a single image.This paper describes a new approach to cloud simulation using simple planar and curved surfaces whose surface shading and translucence are modulated by a mathematical texturing function. This approach represents the appearance of clouds with enough realism for a wide range of visual simulation but does so at a reasonable computational cost, allowing the generation of sequences of images on small minicomputers. In addition, the cloud model can be constructed in a straightforward manner.
Sixth Harmonic-based Distance Protection for VSC-DC Distribution Lines (2018)

Voltage source converter (VSC-based) DC distribution networks are vulnerable to DC-side faults and protection techniques are of great significance. However, it is challenging to find an efficient DC transient for reliable protection design. In this case, this paper proposed a sixth harmonic-based distance protection to guarantee the reliability of DC distribution networks. The overviews of the system topology and fault characteristics were introduced. We derived an equivalent circuit to analyze the sixth harmonic components during the "feeding phase". In order to remove the effects of multiple decaying components on the sixth harmonic-based protection, we proposed an improved discrete Fourier transform (IDFT). The simulation results verified the feasibility of the proposed protection. The protection operating time was about 10 ms and the errors of fault distance estimations were less than 1%. The proposed protection can meet the requirements of speed and selectivity without communications.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of the Japanese Beetle Pheromone via Boronic Esters. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
[A new generation in varicose vein surgery?]. (1991)

A new generation of varicose vein surgery is arising. Its invasivity is about half of what it has been. Therefore patients spend less time in hospital, their incapacity of work is reduced, they have less complications and the cosmetic results are much better. This progress has been made possible by different means. First of all smaller incisions are used for every step of the stripping procedure. Varicose branches are removed with small hooks through incisions of only 1-5 mm in length. Other techniques also help to reduce invasivity and to improve the results, such as the endoscopic treatment of Cockett's perforators, the skin closure with isoelastic adhesive tape and the bloodless operation field by Löfqvist's new roll-on tourniquet. The new diagnostic techniques help in two ways. First, they let the surgeon further reduce invasivity and second they allow for more dependable results. These newer operative techniques call for additional education. It is provided by the specialties which are engaged in phlebologic surgery anyhow, i.e. angiology, vascular and general surgery, dermatology and general medicine.
uWave: Accelerometer-based personalized gesture recognition and its applications (2009)

The proliferation of accelerometers on consumer electronics has brought an opportunity for interaction based on gestures or physical manipulation of the devices. We present uWave, an efficient recognition algorithm for such interaction using a single three-axis accelerometer. Unlike statistical methods, uWave requires a single training sample for each gesture pattern and allows users to employ personalized gestures and physical manipulations. We evaluate uWave using a large gesture library with over 4000 samples collected from eight users over an elongated period of time for a gesture vocabulary with eight gesture patterns identified by a Nokia research. It shows that uWave achieves 98.6% accuracy, competitive with statistical methods that require significantly more training samples. Our evaluation data set is the largest and most extensive in published studies, to the best of our knowledge. We also present applications of uWave in gesture-based user authentication and interaction with three-dimensional mobile user interfaces using user created gestures.
Combinatorial chemistry techniques applied to nonpeptide integrin antagonists. (1998)

The integrins are cell surface receptors that recognize extracellular matrix adhesive proteins such as fibrinogen, fibronectin, vitronectin, and VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1). Nonpeptide integrin antagonists designed after the adhesion recognition sequence RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) not only have displayed efficacy as antithrombotic agents, but also have promise for the treatment of cancer and osteoporosis. Combinatorial organic syntheses of chemical mini-libraries have facilitated nonpeptide lead optimization of integrin antagonists with marked success. Although these accomplishments have been realized primarily for the discovery of orally active GPIIb/IIIa antagonist antithrombotics, vitronectin receptor (avb3) antagonist research has also benefited from such rapid synthesis. The purpose of this review is to report progress in combinatorial synthesis lead optimization by highlighting the drug design strategies and synthetic tactics that have led to improved integrin antagonists.
Variable flux memory motors: A review (2014)

Variable flux memory motors (VFMMs) are a relatively new class of machine that affords one the ability to actively change a motor from a high torque/low speed device into a low torque/high speed device through the online control. With regard to the method of controlling flux, VFMMs are categorized in this paper. The different VFMMs are reviewed based on the relevant literature domestic and abroad, and their topological features, operating principles, merits and demerits are summarized and analyzed. Also the common existing problems of VFMMs are pointed out.
Review of data and knowledge gaps regarding yellow fever vaccine-induced immunity and duration of protection (2020)

Yellow fever (YF) virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus found in Sub-Saharan Africa and tropical South America. The virus causes YF, a viral hemorrhagic fever, which can be prevented by a live-attenuated vaccine, strain 17D. Despite the vaccine being very successful at decreasing disease risk, YF is considered a re-emerging disease due to the increased numbers of cases in the last 30 years. Until 2014, the vaccine was recommended to be administered with boosters every 10 years, but in 2014 the World Health Organization recommended removal of booster doses for all except special populations. This recommendation has been questioned and there have been reports of waning antibody titers in adults over time and more recently in pediatric populations. Clearly, the potential of waning antibody titers is a very important issue that needs to be carefully evaluated. In this Perspective, we review what is known about the correlate of protection for full-dose YF vaccine, current information on waning antibody titers, and gaps in knowledge. Overall, fundamental questions exist on the durability of protective immunity induced by YF vaccine, but interpretation of studies is complicated by the use of different assays and different cut-offs to measure seroprotective immunity, and differing results among certain endemic versus non-endemic populations. Notwithstanding the above, there are few well-characterized reports of vaccine failures, which one would expect to observe potentially more with the re-emergence of a severe disease. Overall, there is a need to improve YF disease surveillance, increase primary vaccination coverage rates in at-risk populations, and expand our understanding of the mechanism of protection of YF vaccine.
Diversity within inc genes of clinical Chlamydia trachomatis variant isolates that occupy non-fusogenic inclusions a aThe GenBank accession numbers for the sequences reported in this paper can be found in Fig. 1 F1 . (2002)

The obligately intracellular chlamydiae are bacterial pathogens that occupy intracellular vacuoles, termed inclusions, as they develop and multiply. Typical Chlamydia trachomatis isolates occupy inclusions that fuse with other C. trachomatis inclusions within cells infected with multiple elementary bodies (wild-type phenotype). The authors of this study have recently described C. trachomatis isolates that form multiply-lobed, non-fusogenic inclusions within single cells infected with multiple elementary bodies (variant phenotype). Inclusions formed by these isolates uniformly lacked the protein IncA on the inclusion membrane (IM). In the present work, the study of the C. trachomatis inclusion phenotype has been expanded to include 27 variant and 13 wild-type isolates. Twenty-four of the 27 variant isolates were IncA-negative, as detected by fluorescence microscopy and immunoblotting, but three variants localized IncA to the IM. The IncA-positive variants formed inclusions that fused, at a reduced rate, with those occupied by wild-type isolates and with inclusions formed by other IncA-positive variants. Nucleotide-sequence analysis of the incA sequences from the variant isolates identified a variety of distinct sequence polymorphisms relative to incA from wild-type strains. The authors also demonstrate that a second Inc protein, CT223p, is not found in the IM in selected C. trachomatis isolates. No change in the structure or the fusogenicity of the inclusions was associated with the presence or absence of CT223p.
Nanoporous PtRu Alloys with Unique Catalytic Activity toward Hydrolytic Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane (2015)

Nanoporous (NP) PtRu alloys with three different bimetallic components were straightforwardly fabricated by dealloying PtRuAl ternary alloys in hydrochloric acid. Selective etching of aluminum from source alloys generates bicontinuous network nanostructures with uniform size and structure. The as-made NP-PtRu alloys exhibit superior catalytic activity toward the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane (AB) than pure NP-Pt and NP-Ru owing to alloying platinum with ruthenium. The NP-Pt70 Ru30 alloy exhibits much higher specific activity toward hydrolytic dehydrogenation of AB than NP-Pt30 Ru70 and NP-Pt50 Ru50 . The hydrolysis activation energy of NP-Pt70 Ru30 was estimated to be about 38.9 kJ mol(-1) , which was lower than most of the reported activation energy values in the literature. In addition, recycling tests show that the NP-Pt70 Ru30 is still highly active in the hydrolysis of AB even after five runs, which indicates that NP-PtRu alloy accompanied by the network nanoarchitecture is beneficial to improve structural stability toward the dehydrogenation of AB.
Kinetic Basis for the Donor Nudeotide-Sugar Specificity of l,4-N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (2000)

The kinetic basis of the donor substrate specificity of beta1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III) was investigated using a purified recombinant enzyme. The enzyme also transfers GalNAc and Glc moieties from their respective UDP-sugars to an acceptor at rates of 0.1-0.2% of that for GlcNAc, but Gal is not transferred at a detectable rate. Kinetic analyses revealed that these inefficient transfers, which are associated with the specificity of the enzyme, are due to the much lower V(max) values, whereas the K(m) values for UDP-GalNAc and UDP-Glc differ only slightly from that for UDP-GlcNAc. It was also found that various other nucleotide-Glc derivatives bind to the enzyme with comparable affinities to those of UDP-GlcNAc and UDP-Glc, although the derivatives do not serve as glycosyl donors. Thus, GnT-III does not appear to distinguish UDP-GlcNAc from other structurally similar nucleotide-sugars by specific binding in the ground state. These findings suggest that the specificity of GnT-III toward the nucleotide-sugar is determined during the catalytic process. This type of specificity may be efficient in preventing a possible mistransfer when other nucleotide-sugars are present in excess over the true donor.
Principal components analysis of tree stem profiles (1989)

The use of principal components analysis to study tree stem profiles was critically analyzed during 1085 destructively sampled Douglas-fir trees and 1260 simulated trees with known geometric shapes. Interpretation about the meaning of each principal component is provided and contrasted with others in the forestry literature. Nearly identical results with both the destructively sampled and simulated trees, along with certain theoretical consideratons, indicate that the principal components are related to tree form as opposed to tree profile or taper. Therefore, principal components analysis is a useful analytical tool for stratifying trees into different form groups.