gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Android Behavior-Based Malware Detection Method using Machine Learning (2016)

In this paper, we propose An Android Behavior-Based Malware Detection Method using Machine Learning. We improve an Android application sandbox, Droidbox, by inserting a view-identification automatic trigger program which can click mobile applications in the meaningful order. Taking advantage of Droidbox result, we collect the behavior such as network activities, file read/write and permission as the feature data and use different machine learning algorithms to classify malware and evaluate the performance. We use a large number of malware and normal application samples to prove that our method has high accuracy.
A Procedure for Testing the Effect of Vapor Phase Corrosion Inhibitors on Combined Multi Metals (1997)

Abstract This study presents a quick and easy to implement Vapor Phase Corrosion Inhibitor (VCI) testing procedure which is capable of validating the protective effects of VCI foils in connection with various, electrically conductive, connected metals. Furthermore it may be used to demonstrate the effects of VCI for potential customers. The test procedure demonstrates various approaches as to how deficiencies in existing test procedures can be avoided with regards to the practice orientation - the temporary corrosion protection of machines. It also points out the lack of alignment of existig test procedures to meet the demands of new VCI recipes. The considerations made during the development of the test procedure are explained in this study with regards to their effects on the VCI protective influence.
OSC2 and CYP716A14v2 Catalyze the Biosynthesis of Triterpenoids for the Cuticle of Aerial Organs of Artemisia annua (2015)

Artemisia annua is widely studied for its ability to accumulate the antimalarial sesquiterpenoid artemisinin. In addition to producing a variety of sesquiterpenoids, A. annua also accumulates mono-, di-, and triterpenoids, the majority of which are produced in the glandular trichomes. A. annua also has filamentous trichomes on its aerial parts, but little is known of their biosynthesis potential. Here, through a comparative transcriptome analysis between glandular and filamentous trichomes, we identified two genes, OSC2 and CYP716A14v2, encoding enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of specialized triterpenoids in A. annua. By expressing these genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Nicotiana benthamiana, we characterized the catalytic function of these proteins and could reconstitute the specialized triterpenoid spectrum of A. annua in these heterologous hosts. OSC2 is a multifunctional oxidosqualene cyclase that produces α-amyrin, β-amyrin, and δ-amyrin. CYP716A14v2 is a P450 belonging to the functionally diverse CYP716 family and catalyzes the oxidation of pentacyclic triterpenes, leading to triterpenes with a carbonyl group at position C-3, thereby providing an alternative biosynthesis pathway to 3-oxo triterpenes. Together, these enzymes produce specialized triterpenoids that are constituents of the wax layer of the cuticle covering the aerial parts of A. annua and likely function in the protection of the plant against biotic and abiotic stress.
Synthesis and properties of fluorinated derivatives of carbosilane dendrimers of high generations (2006)

Fluorinated derivatives containing different amounts of fluorocarbon groups in the surface layer of the molecular structure have been synthesized by the chemical modification of a polyallylcarbosilane dendrimer of the sixth generation via hydrosilylation and heterofunctional condensation procedures. The fluorocontaining dendrimers are well soluble in organic solvents and supercritical CO2. Their properties have been studied by DSC, viscometry, dynamic light scattering, and atomic force microscopy.
High-Gain 15-W Monolithic Power Amplifier with Internal Fault Protection (1971)

A combination of circuit and device innovations has resulted in the development of a 15-W integrated-circuit power amplifier that incorporates a preamplifier on the same chip to give an overall closed-loop gain of 60 dB. Two novel devices used are a new high-frequency drift-lateral p-n-p to improve stability and a new 3-A n-p-n power transistor design with individual emitter ballasting to achieve a larger safe-operating area. Other interesting features are an externally adjustable short-circuit current limit, a built-in thermal shutdown circuit that automatically limits the junction temperature to 175/spl deg/C, an electronic shutdown control to mute the amplifier; a supply voltage range of 10-40 V, excellent power-supply rejection (55 dB), and a unique biasing technique that ensures that the output quiescent point remains at one-half the supply voltage with the total bias current changing only 3 mA over the complete supply voltage range (10-40 V).
Production of aggrecan (ng/μg DNA) by chondrocytes in A and CA beads after key intervals throughout the culture time: 3, 21, 28 days. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;Values are reported as mean (95% confidence interval) FRM: Further-removed matrix; CM: Cellular matrix; A: alginate; CA: chitosan-alginate&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Production of aggrecan (ng/μg DNA) by chondrocytes in A and CA beads after key intervals throughout the culture time: 3, 21, 28 days.&lt;/p&gt;
Refractive index sensing by Brillouin scattering in side-polished optical fibers (2018)

In this Letter, we demonstrate the possibility to measure the refractive index of a liquid, using the stimulating Brillouin scattering in a 3-cm-long side-polished optical fiber. In addition, we show that by depositing a high-refractive index layer on the polished surface the sensitivity of the Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) can be increased due to a higher penetration of the evanescent field in the outer medium. Experiments show a maximum BFS change of about 11 MHz when varying the refractive index of the external medium from 1 (air) to 1.402, and a BFS sensitivity to refractive index of about 293 MHz/RIU around 1.40.
The evolution of self-control (2014)

Cognition presents evolutionary research with one of its greatest challenges. Cognitive evolution has been explained at the proximate level by shifts in absolute and relative brain volume and at the ultimate level by differences in social and dietary complexity. However, no study has integrated the experimental and phylogenetic approach at the scale required to rigorously test these explanations. Instead, previous research has largely relied on various measures of brain size as proxies for cognitive abilities. We experimentally evaluated these major evolutionary explanations by quantitatively comparing the cognitive performance of 567 individuals representing 36 species on two problem-solving tasks measuring self-control. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that absolute brain volume best predicted performance across species and accounted for considerably more variance than brain volume controlling for body mass. This result corroborates recent advances in evolutionary neurobiology and illustrates the cognitive consequences of cortical reorganization through increases in brain volume. Within primates, dietary breadth but not social group size was a strong predictor of species differences in self-control. Our results implicate robust evolutionary relationships between dietary breadth, absolute brain volume, and self-control. These findings provide a significant first step toward quantifying the primate cognitive phenome and explaining the process of cognitive evolution.
Modulus Anisotropy and Shear Stability of Geofiber-Stabilized Sands (2004)

A systematic laboratory approach is established to evaluate shear stability or bearing capacity improvement of sand-geofiber stabilization for rapid road and airfield construction. The approach deals with the investigation of directional dependency, anisotropy, and modulus properties and links stability to shear stress levels typically applied on specimens during testing in relation to their strength. An advanced triaxial testing machine referred to as the University of Illinois FastCell is used together with direct shear tests for determining the anisotropic resilient moduli and the strength properties of two geofiber-reinforced sands (poorly and uniformly graded sands) prepared with three 51-mm geofibers: fibrillated, monofilament, and tape. The use of different geofiber types and the various amounts of clay and silt fines present in the sand mixtures significantly affected the recorded horizontal and vertical moduli and the shear stresses at applied stress states. Monofilament-type geofiber stabilization was found to be the most effective, with the recorded highest vertical moduli and the highest shear strength and stability improvement indicated by the lowest shear stress ratios, especially when mixed with 10% to 20% clay. The tape-type geofiber reinforcement generally was not very effective. For the geofiber stabilization of sands to be a viable construction alternative, the sand-geofiber mixtures should contain an optimal amount of fines needed for geofibers to mobilize the shear strength of the mix effectively and thereby improve the shear stability and resistance to permanent deformation.
Analyzing effective connectivity with functional magnetic resonance imaging (2010)

Functional neuroimaging techniques are used widely in cognitive neuroscience to investigate aspects of functional specialization and functional integration in the human brain. Functional integration can be characterized in two ways, functional connectivity and effective connectivity. While functional connectivity describes statistical dependencies between data, effective connectivity rests on a mechanistic model of the causal effects that generated the data. This review addresses the conceptual and methodological basis of established techniques for characterizing effective connectivity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. In particular, we focus on dynamic causal modeling (DCM) of fMRI data and emphasize the importance of model selection procedures and nonlinear mechanisms for context-dependent changes in connection strengths. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
Pathological and Molecular Biological Features of a Myelopathy Associated with HTLV-1 Infection (1991)

We report the pathological and molecular biological findings of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection of the spinal cord in a patient with a chronic progressive myelopathy. Light microscopy disclosed loss of myelin and axons, thickening of blood vessels and a lymphocytic cell infiltrate in the spinal cord especially at the cervical and thoracic levels. Electron microscopy confirmed the vascular appearance seen with light microscopy but virus particles were not observed. The HTLV-1 gag gene could be amplified (by polymerase chain reaction) from cervical spinal cord tissue while not from elsewhere in the neuroaxis. The presence of HTLV-1 genomic material in spinal cord tissue has not been previously reported.
Lactic Acid Bacteria Induce Apoptosis Inhibition in Salmonella typhimurium Infected Macrophages (2001)

Abstract The immunomodulating effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on the gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) and the protective capacity of some of them against enteric infections is well documented. The ability of enteroinvasive pathogens to disseminate into the deep tissues by cellular apoptosis induction is also demonstrated. Peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c mice were used to performed in vitro apoptosis assays and to determine oxidant radicals production induced by Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus , against an in vitro Salmonella typhimurium infection. We determined whether or not the LAB assayed induces apoptosis inhibition of macrophages infected with the pathogen. Fluorescent DNA fragmentation assay (Tunel test) was used to investigate the ability of the LAB to inhibit macrophage's apoptosis. We determined that Lactobacillus and Streptococcus were able to inhibit the apoptosis of macrophages induced by Sal. typhimurium, L. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus being the more effective one. The results suggest that these microorganisms could play a role in apoptotic mechanisms, since the inhibition of it would avoid pathogen disemination. The knowledge that S. thermophilus and L. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus have immunopotentiation capacity led us to demonstrate that such apoptosis inhibition observed might be mediated by other process such as the release of oxidant radicals able to kill the pathogen. The preventive effect of LAB against Sal. typhimurium infection could be mediated by apoptosis inhibition. Keywords: Lactic Acid BacteriaApoptosisSalmonella TyphimuriumMacrophages
Vacuum hot pressing of Fe–Si–B–Nb-based amorphous powder cores and their high-frequency magnetic properties (2006)

FeSiBNb amorphous powder was prepared by gas atomization and subsequently consolidated into bulk amorphous cores by hot pressing after creating an oxide layer on the surface of the powder. FeSiBNb amorphous powders exhibiting a saturation magnetization of 127emu∕g and a coercivity of 0.34 Oe were successfully obtained by gas atomization. Hot pressing enabled consolidation of the FeSiBNb amorphous powder core within the supercooled liquid region. The core prepared from the FeSiBNb amorphous powder covered with an oxide layer of 1μm thickness showed excellent high-frequency characteristics with a stable permeability over 10 MHz and a core loss of 400mW∕cm3 at 50 kHz for Bm=0.1T. The oxide layer formed on the FeSiBNb amorphous powder was effective in improving the frequency dependence of magnetic properties and in reducing the core loss for the FeSiBNb amorphous powder cores.
Prioritized traffic recovery over GMPLS networks (2006)

The paper proposes a prioritized traffic recovery model for generalized multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS) networks. The network traffic is differentiated into four classes, with the highest prioritized class achieving dedicated protection, the second prioritized class obtaining shared restoration, the third prioritized class attaining on-line restoration, and no recovery for the lowest prioritized class. The QoS performance of such a model is evaluated by extensive simulations. The results show that delay sensitive traffic receives the fastest recovery service, throughput sensitive traffic with light load takes a longer recovery time, and the throughput sensitive traffic with heavy load experiences the lowest recovery service
Model Test of a 1:8 Scale Floating Wind Turbine Offshore in the Gulf of Maine (2014)

A new floating wind turbine platform design called VolturnUS developed by the University of Maine uses innovations in materials, construction, and deployment technologies such as a concrete semi-submersible hull and a composite tower to reduce the costs of offshore wind. These novel characteristics require research and development prior to full-scale construction. This paper presents a unique offshore model testing effort aimed at de-risking full-scale commercial projects by providing properly scaled global motion data, allowing for implementation of full-scale structural materials, and demonstrating full-scale construction and deployment methods. The model is a 1:8-scale model of a 6MW semi-submersible floating wind turbine and was deployed offshore Castine, Maine, USA in June, 2013. The model uses a fully operational turbine and was the first grid connected offshore wind turbine in the Americas. The testing effort includes careful treatment of the offshore test site, scaling methods, model design, and construction. A suitable test site was identified that provides the correct proportions of wind and wave loading in order to simulate design load cases prescribed by the American Bureau of Shipping Standard for Building and Classing Floating Offshore Wind Turbines. Sample model test data is provided. Model test data is directly compared to full-scale design predictions made using coupled aeroelastic/ hydrodynamic software. VolturnUS performance data from scaled extreme sea states show excellent agreement with predictive models. Model test data are also compared to a numerical representation of the physical model for the purposes of numerical code validation. The numerical model results compare very favorably with data collected from the physical model.
Predicting the radiation tolerance of oxides (2001)

We have used atomistic computer simulations and ion beam irradiations to examine radiation damage accumulation in multicomponent oxides, We have developed contour energy maps via computer simulations to predict the effects of oxide structure and chemical composition on radiation-induced atomic disorder, defect migration, and swelling. Ion irradiation damage experiments have been perfonned on, pyrochlore and fluorite-structured oxide ceramics to test the predictions from computer models.
Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Signaling Extensions for G.709 Optical Transport Networks Control (2006)

This document is a companion to the Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) signaling documents.It describes the technologyspecific information needed to extend GMPLS signaling to control Optical Transport Networks (OTN); it also includes the so-called pre-OTN developments.
Cancer and the Future (2000)

CANCER, THE SECOND LARGEST CAUSE OF DEATH in the United States, is a disease in which cells have lost differentiation. The nature of this process becomes clearer if one compares cells of the mammalian body with those of an independent microorganism like the bacterium E. coli. The latter is a single cell with all of the structures and properties necessary for life. Its only function is to reproduce without limit, producing more individuals like itself. The mammalian organism also begins as a single cell which undergoes many cycles of reproduction. However, these cycles of reproduction are modulated by changes in cellular structures and functions, so that each cell ultimately becomes part of a specialized tissue carrying out a particular function needed by the body as a whole. Cell proliferation is not unlimited but is regulated by the needs of the body. In cancer, the affected cells lose at least part of their specialized functions and engage in unlimited reproduction with no consideration for the body’s needs. In other words, the cancer cell tends to revert to the E. coli pattern with ever-increasing reproduction and with invasion of other tissues until the economy of the body is seriously threatened.
Hand-to-Mouth Motion Tracking in Free-Living Conditions for Improved Weight Control (2016)

In spite of the many efforts to encourage healthier diets, obesity continues to be a serious public health concern in the United States and across the world. Most dietary approaches rely on detailed individual tracking of points or calories, which makes the necessary long-term compliance challenging and ineffective. It has recently been shown that simply monitoring and regulating the number of bites one takes in a day can lead to significant weight loss. While counting bites is in principle as burdensome to individuals as is counting points or calories, existing technology can be leveraged to automate the process. Our Hand-to-Mouth (HTM) bite-counting device consists of a simple wrist-mounted sensor with accelerometer and gyroscopic motion sensing capabilities. The associated HTM algorithm is designed to run continuously, actively counting bites throughout the day. We take a novel machine learning approach to customize the system to each individual user, and achieve an average accuracy of 91.8%, well above the current state-of-the-art. We do this while using a small set of 5 motion features, a Naïve Bayes model, and a streaming rate of only 10 Hz in order to conserve power and efficiency. Our algorithm represents the first viable solution to counting bites. It is lightweight enough to be put in a smart device, and accurate enough to stream data 24 hours a day.
EVALUATION OF NEW FABRICATION TECHNIQUES FOR HIGH-QUALITY REFRACTORY METAL TUBING (1963)

Methods for the fabrication of small diameter thin-wall tubes are described and evaluated. The fabrication of V, Cu, Nb, Ta, and Ta--W tubes is discussed. (P.C.H.)
Data from Systematic Profiling of <i>DNMT3A</i> Variants Reveals Protein Instability Mediated by the DCAF8 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Adaptor (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Clonal hematopoiesis is a prevalent age-related condition associated with a greatly increased risk of hematologic disease; mutations in DNA methyltransferase 3A (&lt;i&gt;DNMT3A&lt;/i&gt;) are the most common driver of this state. &lt;i&gt;DNMT3A&lt;/i&gt; variants occur across the gene with some particularly associated with malignancy, but the functional relevance and mechanisms of pathogenesis of the majority of mutations are unknown. Here, we systematically investigated the methyltransferase activity and protein stability of 253 disease-associated &lt;i&gt;DNMT3A&lt;/i&gt; mutations, and found that 74% were loss-of-function mutations. Half of these variants exhibited reduced protein stability and, as a class, correlated with greater clonal expansion and acute myeloid leukemia development. We investigated the mechanisms underlying the instability using a CRISPR screen and uncovered regulated destruction of DNMT3A mediated by the DCAF8 E3 ubiquitin ligase adaptor. We establish a new paradigm to classify novel variants that has prognostic and potential therapeutic significance for patients with hematologic disease.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;DNMT3A has emerged as the most important epigenetic regulator and tumor suppressor in the hematopoietic system. Our study represents a systematic and high-throughput method to characterize the molecular impact of &lt;i&gt;DNMT3A&lt;/i&gt; missense mutations and the discovery of a regulated destruction mechanism of DNMT3A offering new prognostic and future therapeutic avenues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;See related commentary by Ma and Will, p. 23&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
The reconfigurable arithmetic processor (1988)

The Reconfigurable Arithmetic Processor (RAP) is an arithmetic processing node for a message-passing, MIMD concurrent computer. It incorporates on one chip several serial, 64 bit floating point arithmetic units connected by a switching network. By sequencing the switch through different patterns, the RAP chip calculates complete arithmetic formulas. By chaining together its arithmetic units the RAP reduces the amount of off chip data transfer: in the examples we have simulated off chip I/O can often be reduced to 30% or 40% of that required by a conventional arithmetic chip. Simulations predict a peak performance of 20M Flops with 800Mbit/sec off chip bandwidth in a 2μm CMOS process.