gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of the immune microenvironment of primary breast cancer and brain metastasis reveals depleted T-cell response associated to ARG2 expression (2022)

This study highlights the immunological differences between primary BCs and BCBMs and the potential importance of ARG2 expression in T-cell depletion and clinical outcome.
So... When Will I Be Ready to Run?: An Important Rehab Milestone for Athletic Groin Pain (2010)

Pain during (or after) running is the most common functional limitation reported by athletes experiencing groin pain. The decision to cease, continue, or re-commence running is one of the most important milestone decisions that needs to be considered at the initial and each subsequent assessment by the therapist. An algorithm is presented to assist the assessment in clinical decision making.
Mechanical assessment of elastin integrity in fibrillin-1-deficient carotid arteries: implications for Marfan syndrome (2011)

These findings support the hypothesis that it is an accelerated fatigue-induced damage to or protease-related degradation of initially competent elastic fibres that render arteries in Marfan syndrome increasingly susceptible to dilatation, dissection, and rupture.
Distinct patterns of inflammation in the airway lumen and bronchial mucosa of children with cystic fibrosis (2011)

The inflammatory response in the CF airway is compartmentalised. In contrast to the neutrophil-dominated inflammation present in the airway lumen, the bronchial mucosa is characterised by the recruitment and accumulation of lymphocytes.
Bit-Error-Rate Measurements of RSFQ Shift Register Memories (2007)

Error rates of rapid-single-flux-quantum (RSFQ) shift register memories were investigated using a high-speed error-rate measurement system in order to demonstrate their reliability and stability. We designed and implemented an 8 times 8-bit shift register memory using the CONNECT cell library and the SRL 2.5 kA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> Nb process. The total number of Josephson junctions including the test system is 4184, and the circuit area is 2.1 mm times 3.2 mm. We measured the error rates of every storage node by reading out the data 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">16</sup> times at the clock frequency of 16 GHz. The measured error rates were lower than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-10</sup> with DC bias margin better than plusmn5%.
Development and validation of a semi-automated measurement tool for calculating consistent and reliable surface metrics describing cosmesis in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (2023)

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a 3D spine deformity that also causes ribcage and torso distortion. While clinical metrics are important for monitoring disorder progression, patients are often most concerned about their cosmesis. The aim of this study was to automate the quantification of AIS cosmesis metrics, which can be measured reliably from patient-specific 3D surface scans (3DSS). An existing database of 3DSS for pre-operative AIS patients treated at the Queensland Children's Hospital was used to create 30 calibrated 3D virtual models. A modular generative design algorithm was developed on the Rhino-Grasshopper software to measure five key AIS cosmesis metrics from these models-shoulder, scapula and hip asymmetry, torso rotation and head-pelvis shift. Repeat cosmetic measurements were calculated from user-selected input on the Grasshopper graphical interface. InterClass-correlation (ICC) was used to determine intra- and inter-user reliability. Torso rotation and head-pelvis shift measurements showed excellent reliability (> 0.9), shoulder asymmetry measurements showed good to excellent reliability (> 0.7) and scapula and hip asymmetry measurements showed good to moderate reliability (> 0.5). The ICC results indicated that experience with AIS was not required to reliably measure shoulder asymmetry, torso rotation and head-pelvis shift, but was necessary for the other metrics. This new semi-automated workflow reliably characterises external torso deformity, reduces the dependence on manual anatomical landmarking, and does not require bulky/expensive equipment.
ChemInform Abstract: A Versatile Copper‐Induced Synthesis of Fluorinated Oligo(para‐phenylenes). (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Case Report: Esophageal Bronchus in a Neonate, With Image, Histological, and Molecular Analysis (2021)

In this case report, we describe the clinical course of a neonate who presented initially with respiratory distress and later with choking during feeding. He was subsequently found to have an esophageal bronchus to the right upper lung lobe, a rare communicating bronchopulmonary foregut malformation. Histological and molecular analysis of the fistula and distal tissues revealed that the proximal epithelium from the esophageal bronchus has characteristics of both esophageal and respiratory epithelia. Using whole exome sequencing of the patient's and parent's DNA, we identified gene variants that are predicted to impact protein function and thus could potentially contribute to the phenotype. These will be the subject of future functional analysis.
An improved wide input voltage buck-boost &#x002B; LLC cascaded converter (2015)

An improved buck-boost + LLC (IBB LLC) cascaded converter appropriate for wide input voltage situation is presented in this paper, which can be used as a constant voltage source or a constant current source charger for battery. The control strategy of dual frequency PWM (DFPWM) is introduced. For the LLC converter, ZVS for MOSFETs and ZCS for diode are achieved. As a result, the switching loss is reduced and the converter can operate at higher switching frequency with high efficiency. The operation principle and characteristics of the presented converter are verified on a 200V-450V input 14V/80A output experimental prototype.
Metabolic Syndrome in a French Cohort of Patients With Bipolar Disorder (2014)

The prevalence of MetS is high in bipolar disorder patients, and there was considerable undertreatment of the components of MetS in this population. The prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in these patients should be assessed systematically. The findings highlight the need for integrated care, with more interaction and coordination between psychiatrists and primary care providers.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE THYROID-ADRENAL RELATIONSHIP IN RATS WITH HYPOTHALAMIC LESIONS (1961)

ABSTRACT Electrocoagulation of the hypothalamic area between the fornix columns at the level of the paraventricular nuclei induces a pronounced inhibition of thyroid function. In addition, these lesions cause adrenal atrophy and a corresponding decrease in corticosteroid output. However, the pituitary-adrenal system of the lesioned animals is still able to respond to stimuli which activate this system in normal. Experiments on thyroidectomized animals indicate that the effects of the lesions on the adrenal glands are to a great extent due to inhibition of thyroid function.
Basic Properties and Design Principles of UWB Antennas Selection of suitable antennas from the many existing types, based on understanding their characteristics, is essential for effective ultrawide-band system design. (2009)

Basic principles for ultra-wide-band (UWB) radiation are presented and discussed in this paper. The discussion starts with a description of the influence of antennas on UWB transmission. The parameters characterizing antennas in time and in frequency domain are specified. Since the number of possible antenna structures is nearly unlimited, the focus will be on a classification according to different radiation principles. For each of these mechanisms, the typical advan- tages and disadvantages are discussed, and an example antenna and its characteristics are presented. For a wireless engineer, the problem to solve is the proper design of an antenna with the desired radiation characteristics. The final outcome of this paper is that there exist numbers of UWB antennas, but not each of them is suited for any application, especially in view of radar and communication systems requirements.
NMR characterisation of unstable solvent and dihydride complexes generated at low temperature by in-situ UV irradiation (2002)

Low temperature in-situ UV irradiation of toluene solutions containing bis(alkene)rhodium complexes and parahydrogen in conjunction with NMR monitoring enables the characterisation of unstable eta 2-solvent complexes and dihydrogen activation products.
The emergence of hospital contributory schemes (2016)

This chapter traces the history of medical charity and the emergence of hospital contributory schemes in Great Britain. The idea of a British hospital system funded by its users is one which began to emerge only in the late nineteenth century. There were two main channels for popular contribution. These were the organised collections of the Hospital Saturday and Hospital Sunday funds and the local subscriptions taken in the work-place, firm and community. This chapter considers the funding crisis which followed War World 1 and describes the evolution of mass contribution into a financial mainstay of the hospital system.
Functional Characterization of an Inositol-sensitive Upstream Activation Sequence in Yeast (1995)

A repeated element, the inositol-sensitive upstream activation sequence (UASINO), having the consensus sequence, 5'-CATGTGAAAT-3', is present in the promoters of genes encoding enzymes of phospholipid biosynthesis that are regulated in response to the phospholipid precursors, inositol and choline. None of the naturally occurring variants of the UASINO element exactly recapitulates the consensus (for review, see Carman, G. M., and Henry, S. A. (1989) Annu. Rev. Biochem. 58, 635-669 and Paltauf, F., Kolwhein, S., and Henry, S. A. (1992) in Molecular Biology of the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Broach, J., Jones, E., and Pringle, J., eds) Vol. 2, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY). The first six bases of the UASINO element are homologous with canonical binding motif for proteins of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family. Two bHLH regulatory proteins, Ino2p and Ino4p from yeast, were previously shown to bind to promoter fragments containing this element. In the present study, an extensive analysis of UASINO function has been conducted. We report that any base substitution within the putative bHLH binding site resulted either in a dramatic reduction or in a complete obliteration of UASINO function as tested in an expression assay in vivo. Base substitutions in the 5' region that flanks the 10-base pair repeat, as well as sequences within the repeat itself at its 3' end outside the bHLH core, were also assessed. The two bases immediately flanking the 5' end of the element proved to be very important to its function as a UAS element as did the two bases immediately 3' of the bHLH core motif. Substitutions of the final two bases of the original ten base pair consensus (i.e. 5'-CATGTGAAAT-3') had less dramatic effects. We also tested a subset of the altered elements for their ability to serve as competitors in an assay of Ino2p x Ino4p binding. The strength of any given sequence as a UASINO element, as assayed in vivo, was strongly correlated with its strength as a competitor for Ino2p x Ino4p binding. We also tested a subset of the modified UASINO elements for their effects on expression in vivo in a strain carrying an opi1 mutation. The opi1 mutation renders the coregulated enzymes of phospholipid synthesis constitutive in the presence of phospholipid precursors. All elements that retained some residual UASINO activity when tested in the wild-type strain were constitutively expressed at a level comparable with the wild-type derepressed level when tested in the opi1 mutant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Coupling mechanism of gain-guided integrated semiconductor laser arrays (1984)

It is shown that a gain-guided laser array couples via propagating fields rather than the evanescent mode coupling typically responsible for directional coupling in passive (directional couplers) and active (laser array) devices. We show that these phase-locked modes exhibit an interference pattern, in the junction plane, which arises from the curvature of the phase fronts of optical fields of the interacting lasers. The experimental results are interpreted with the aid of a simple theoretical model, and the effect of the observed mode pattern on the coupling of gain-guided lasers is discussed.
Distributed Strain and Temperature Discrimination in Unaltered Polarization Maintaining Fiber (2006)

A Rayleigh scatter-based distributed measurement technique is presented in which strain and temperature discrimination is achieved using standard polarization maintaining fiber as the sensor. High-sensitivity Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry is used to measure the scatter.
Effect of contrast on the active control of a moving line (2010)

In passive speed-matching tasks, perceived speed is contrast-dependent with little evidence of saturation at high contrast (e.g. Stone & Thompson, 1992), while simple 1D direction discrimination saturates at near threshold contrasts (e.g. Watson & Robson, 1981). To explore the use of speed information in a manual control task, we examined observers' performance as they actively controlled a moving luminance-defined line for a range of contrasts (2, 3, 4, 8, 16% around 22 cd/m2) and for two different controller dynamics. The stimulus consisted of a Gaussian-blurred (SD = 1 ) horizontal line. Four observers (three naïve) were asked to use a joystick to keep a horizontal line centered on a 34 × 26 display as its vertical position was perturbed by the sum of 10 harmonically-unrelated (0.02 to 2.18 Hz) sinusoids. Two control paradigms were tested in blocked conditions: joystick displacement generated a command proportional either to the rate of change of line position or to the rate of change of line velocity. Four-minute time series of line position and joystick displacement were Fourier analyzed and averaged across 6 sessions. For all four observers, the RMS error decreased quasi-linearly with increasing log contrast across the tested range (mean slope: −8.0 & −7.7% per log2 contrast unit, averaged across observers, for the two control paradigms, respectively). Bode plots (frequency response plots) showed a systematic increase in sensitivity (mean slope: 1.61 & 1.52 db per log2 contrast unit, respectively) and decrease in phase lag at high frequencies, which can be accounted for by a decrease in response delay (mean slope: −31 & −26 ms per log2 contrast unit, respectively). The finding that performance continues to improve even for relatively high contrasts suggests that speed information is used in the manual control of a moving line under both control paradigms.
Waking up to the alarm: sleep, clocks, and making memory (s)tick (2015)

EDITORIAL article Front. Syst. Neurosci., 22 April 2015 https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2015.00065
Effects of multiple adhesive coatings on dentin bonding. (2004)

Simple changes to bonding techniques can improve resin-dentin bond strengths. This study evaluated the effect of multiple consecutive coatings of adhesive resin on dentin by measuring both microtensile bond strength and nano-leakage following exposure to ammoniacal silver nitrate. Resin-dentin bonded specimens were prepared using two total-etch adhesives (OptiBond Solo Plus/Kerr or Single Bond/3M ESPE). During bonding, resin application and air evaporation were done 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 or 8 times on acid-etched, moist dentin surfaces. Mean microtensile bond strengths were evaluated by two-way ANOVA and Fisher's PLSD test (p<0.05; n=16 for each group). Additionally, nanoleakage of silver nitrate was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicated that bond strengths increased with each coating up to four coats. Nanoleakage decreased with each coat, becoming very small after four or more coats. This adhesive application method can be easily applied to clinical practice, thereby improving the quality of resin-dentin bonds.
Density estimation trees (2011)

In this paper we develop density estimation trees (DETs), the natural analog of classification trees and regression trees, for the task of density estimation. We consider the estimation of a joint probability density function of a d-dimensional random vector X and define a piecewise constant estimator structured as a decision tree. The integrated squared error is minimized to learn the tree. We show that the method is nonparametric: under standard conditions of nonparametric density estimation, DETs are shown to be asymptotically consistent. In addition, being decision trees, DETs perform automatic feature selection. They empirically exhibit the interpretability, adaptability and feature selection properties of supervised decision trees while incurring slight loss in accuracy over other nonparametric density estimators. Hence they might be able to avoid the curse of dimensionality if the true density is sparse in dimensions. We believe that density estimation trees provide a new tool for exploratory data analysis with unique capabilities.
B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Testing, Clinical Outcomes, and Health Services Use in Emergency Department Patients With Dyspnea (2009)

Janssen-Cilag.
Complications of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and risk factors of peristomal wound infection (2004)

Background : Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) is a widely used method for providing nutritional support for patients who require prolonged tube feeding. This technique is known to be a safer, more convenient, and less expensive procedure than surgical gastrostomy. Although the overall incidence of complication is low, several complications such as peristomal wound infection, bleeding, panperitonitis, gastrocolic fistula, etc. were reported. Among these complications, peristomal wound infection is common and troublesome. Methods : A retrospective review of medical records was conducted on patients undergoing PEG placement between January 1995 and March 2003. One hundred sixteen cases of 137 cases which were performed during this period were included, excluding 21 cases as exchanges of PEG. We reviewed the complications associated with PEG placement and analyzed the risk factors of peristomal wound infection. Results : In 61 (52.6%) of 116 cases, several complications developed after the procedure. The peristomal wound infection occurred in 37 cases (31.9%) and bleeding in 2 cases (1.7%). Mild complications included peristomal pain in 37 cases (31.9%); stomal leakage in 2 cases (1.7%); and oozing in 1 case (0.9%). The rate of wound infection was significantly higher in patients who had Diabetes mellitus (p
The cost of one unit blood transfusion components and cost-effectiveness analysis results of transfusion improvement program (2021)

The transfusion is a burden for both the hospital management systems and the country's economy. To accurately calculate and manage this economic burden is important for sustainable healthcare services.
Shear induced structures in lamellar phases of amphiphilic block copolymers (1999)

The influence of shear on the mesoscopic structure in the lamellar region of ternary poly(ethylene oxide)–b-poly(propylene oxide)–b-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymers PEO20–b-PPO70–b-PEO20 and PEO100–b-PPO70–b-PEO100 (Pluronic P123 and F127)/water/butanol systems was investigated by different techniques namely: small angle neutron and light scattering (SANS, SALS), as well as birefringence. A transition from parallel to perpendicular alignment of lamellae, with a corresponding decrease in the viscosity, was found with increasing shear rate at high block copolymer concentrations. However, a shear-induced formation of multilamellar vesicles (“onions’') was observed when the polymer concentration was reduced.
Zinc downmodulates thf GABAc receptor current in cone horizontal cells acutely isolated from the catfish retina (1995)

1. We studied the effect of zinc on the gamma-aminobutyric acid-C (GABAC) receptor in acutely isolated catfish cone horizontal cells using the whole cell patch-clamp technique. 2. GABA activates the GABAC receptor with a half-activation concentration (EC50) of 2.99 microM. The Hill coefficient is 1.32. Desensitization of the receptor is evident when GABA concentration is > 3 microM. 3. Zinc downmodulates the GABAc receptor current, elicited by 30 microM GABA, with a half-inhibition concentration (IC50) of 8.20 microM. 4. The inhibition of zinc is both competitive and noncompetitive. In the presence of 10 microM zinc, the maximum GABA response was reduced to approximately 60 percent of control and the EC50 increased to 17.32 microM, whereas the Hill coefficient (1.39) was not significantly altered. 5. The steady-state block by zinc is virtually voltage independent. 6. These results suggest that the GABAC receptor of horizontal cells can be modulated by endogenous zinc found in photoreceptors.
Covert single-hop communication in a wireless network with distributed artificial noise generation (2014)

Covert communication, also known as low probability of detection (LPD) communication, prevents the adversary from knowing that a communication is taking place. Recent work has demonstrated that, in a three-party scenario with a transmitter (Alice), intended recipient (Bob), and adversary (Warden Willie), the maximum number of bits that can be transmitted reliably from Alice to Bob without detection by Willie, when additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels exist between all parties, is on the order of the square root of the number of channel uses. In this paper, we begin consideration of network scenarios by studying the case where there are additional “friendly” nodes present in the environment that can produce artificial noise to aid in hiding the communication. We establish achievability results by considering constructions where the system node closest to the warden produces artificial noise and demonstrate a significant improvement in the throughput achieved covertly, without requiring close coordination between Alice and the noise-generating node. Conversely, under mild restrictions on the communication strategy, we demonstrate no higher covert throughput is possible. Extensions to the consideration of the achievable covert throughput when multiple wardens randomly located in the environment collaborate to attempt detection of the transmitter are also considered.