gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recurrent Somatic Chromosomal Abnormalities in Relapsed Extraocular Retinoblastoma (2021)

Most reports about copy number alterations (CNA) in retinoblastoma relate to patients with intraocular disease and features of children with extraocular relapse remain unknown, so we aimed to describe the CNA in this population. We evaluated 23 patients and 27 specimens from 4 centers. Seventeen cases had extraocular relapse after initial enucleation and six cases after an initial preservation attempt. We performed an analysis of CNA and <i>BCOR</i> gene alteration by SNP array (Single Nucleotide Polymorfism array), whole-exome sequencing, IMPACT panel and CGH array (Array-based comparative genomic hybridization). All cases presented CNA at a higher prevalence than those reported in previously published studies for intraocular cases. CNA previously reported for intraocular retinoblastoma were found at a high frequency in our cohort: gains in 1q (69.5%), 2p (60.9%) and 6p (86.9%), and 16q loss (78.2%). Other, previously less-recognized, CNA were found including loss of 11q (34.8%), gain of 17q (56.5%), loss of 19q (30.4%) and <i>BCOR</i> alterations were present in 72.7% of our cases. A high number of CNA including 11q deletions, 17q gains, 19q loss, and <i>BCOR</i> alterations, are more common in extraocular retinoblastoma. Identification of these features may be correlated with a more aggressive tumor warranting consideration for patient management.
Safety and Tolerability of Gabapentin as Adjunctive Therapy in a Large, Multicenter Study (1999)

Gabapentin doses >1,800 mg/day were as well tolerated as doses < or =1,800 mg/day and were not associated with more adverse events.
Comparison of Provider Backbone Bridging, TRILL, GRE and GTP-U in 5G for Time Sensitive Industrial Applications (2018)

The support of industrial communication is one of the new services targeted by 5G. This includes use cases like discrete automation, process automation and intelligent transport systems, which have strong requirements on ultra-reliability, low latency and often also on deterministic date delivery. In contrast to many other IP based services, the industrial services are typically Real-Time Ethernet based. For an efficient support of such Ethernet based services, this paper analyses alternatives to 3GPPs GTP-U/UDP/IP or GRE/IP user plane tunneling used on various interfaces inside the core, the access and between access and core. The proposal of this paper is to avoid IP-based tunneling below the Ethernet end-to-end layer and use Ethernet-over-Ethernet instead. Ethernet over Ethernet can be realized by using IEEE Provider Backbone Bridging (PBB) or the IETF TRansparent Interconnection of Lots of Links (TRILL). This paper compares the GTP-U, GRE, PBB and TRILL approach and gives a recommendation on which alternative to use in a 5G network supporting applications with deterministic traffic requirements.
Directed self-assembly of block copolymers for use in bit patterned media fabrication (2013)

Reduction of the bit size in conventional magnetic recording media is becoming increasingly difficult due to the superparamagnetic limit. Bit patterned media (BPM) has been proposed as a replacement technology as it will enable hard disk areal densities to increase past 1 Tb in(-2). Block copolymer directed self-assembly (BCP DSA) is the leading candidate for forming BPM due to its ability to create uniform patterns over macroscopic areas. Here we review the latest research into two different BCP DSA techniques: graphoepitaxy and chemoepitaxy (or chemical prepatterning). In addition to assessing their potential for forming high density bit patterns, we also review current approaches using these techniques for forming servo patterns, which are required for hard disk drive (HDD) operation. Finally, we review the current state of UV nanoimprint lithography, which is the favoured technique for enabling mass production of BPM HDDs.
Heterogeneous Graph Matching Networks for Unknown Malware Detection (2019)

Information systems have widely been the target of malware attacks. Traditional signature-based malicious program detection algorithms can only detect known malware and are prone to evasion techniques such as binary obfuscation, while behavior-based approaches highly rely on the malware training samples and incur prohibitively high training cost. To address the limitations of existing techniques, we propose MatchGNet, a heterogeneous Graph Matching Network model to learn the graph representation and similarity metric simultaneously based on the invariant graph modeling of the program's execution behaviors. We conduct a systematic evaluation of our model and show that it is accurate in detecting malicious program behavior and can help detect malware attacks with less false positives. MatchGNet outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithms in malware detection by generating 50% less false positives while keeping zero false negatives.
Gas chromatographic separation of the enantiomers of flumecinol and some related compounds (1995)

Abstract Flumecinol and related compounds can, without derivatization, be separated into their enantiomers by gas chromatography on cyclodextrin phases; permethylated β‐cyclodextrin dissolved in OV‐1701 can be particularly recommended. Thermodynamic data describing the different intensities of interaction of the individual enantiomers with the stationary phases were determined. The values measured imply different separation mechanisms for the compounds investigated.
Magnetite Nanoparticle-Supported Coordination Polymer Nanofibers: Synthesis and Catalytic Application in Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling (2010)

Functional nanoscale coordination polymers are receiving growing scientific interest because of their potential applications in many domains. In this paper, we demonstrated that a nanofibrous networked metal-organic gel (G1-MNPs) was formed by simply mixing 4,4',4''-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(N-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)benzamide) (L) and Pd(COD)(NO(3))(2) in CHCl(3)-MeOH with a Pd/L molar ratio of 1:1 in the presence of magnetite nanoparticle (MNPs). The self-assembly behavior of nanofibers was not significantly effected by the introduction of magnetite nanoparticles. The xerogel of G1-MNPs was superparamagnetic and showed catalytic activity in Suzuki-Miyaura C-C coupling reactions. The Pd(II) xerogel could be magnetically isolated and recycled with a permanent magnet. It represents a novel strategy to introduce nanoparticles into functional coordination polymers for multifunctional materials.
Conical Reflection of Ultrasound from a Liquid-Solid Interface (1970)

Optical techniques are employed to investigate reradiation patterns of ultrasonic waves incident on flat liquid-solid interfaces. It is shown that, for Rayleigh-angle incidence, reflection takes place into a cone rather than only into the forward direction. The apex angle of the cone is found to be twice the Rayleigh angle.
Binding of κ-Conotoxin PVIIA to Shaker K+ Channels Reveals Different K+ and Rb+ Occupancies within the Ion Channel Pore (2004)

The x-ray structure of the KcsA channel at different [K+] and [Rb+] provided insight into how K+ channels might achieve high selectivity and high K+ transit rates and showed marked differences between the occupancies of the two ions within the ion channel pore. In this study, the binding of κ-conotoxin PVIIA (κ-PVIIA) to Shaker K+ channel in the presence of K+ and Rb+ was investigated. It is demonstrated that the complex results obtained were largely rationalized by differences in selectivity filter occupancy of this 6TM channels as predicted from the structural work on KcsA. κ-PVIIA inhibition of the Shaker K+ channel differs in the closed and open state. When K+ is the only permeant ion, increasing extracellular [K+] decreases κ-PVIIA affinity for closed channels by decreasing the “on” binding rate, but has no effect on the block of open channels, which is influenced only by the intracellular [K+]. In contrast, extracellular [Rb+] affects both closed- and open-channel binding. As extracellular [Rb+] increases, (a) binding to the closed channel is slightly destabilized and acquires faster kinetics, and (b) open channel block is also destabilized and the lowest block seems to occur when the pore is likely filled only by Rb+. These results suggest that the nature of the permeant ions determines both the occupancy and the location of the pore site from which they interact with κ-PVIIA binding. Thus, our results suggest that the permeant ion(s) within a channel pore can determine its functional and pharmacological properties.
A novel function of geranylgeraniol in regulating testosterone production (2018)

Isoprenoids play widely differing roles in various physiological processes in animals and plants. Geranylgeraniol (GGOH) is an isoprenoid found in plants, and is an important metabolic derivative in the isoprenoid/cholesterol synthesis pathway. Earlier studies focused on GGOH's ability to improve the side effects of bisphosphonate therapy by regulating the mevalonate pathway. More recently, the mevalonate pathway-independent effects of GGOH have been described, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumorigenic, and neuroprotective activities. It is noteworthy that GGOH regulates the steroidogenesis pathway in testis-derived I-10 tumor cells. Testosterone is a hormone produced via steroidogenesis in testicles and plays a role in fetal development and the male reproductive system. GGOH enhanced testosterone and progesterone (its precursor) levels in I-10 cells by activating adenylate cyclase via cAMP/PKA signaling, without altering phosphodiesterase activity. These findings highlight the potential benefits of GGOH as a therapeutic agent for low testosterone levels, such as late-onset hypogonadism in men.
New concepts for Reynolds stress transport equation modeling of inhomogeneous flows (1993)

The ability to model turbulence near solid walls and other types of boundaries is important in predicting complex engineering flows. Most turbulence modeling has concentrated either on flows which are nearly homogeneous or isotropic, or on turbulent boundary layers. Boundary layer models usually rely very heavily on the presence of mean shear and the production of turbulence due to that mean shear. Most other turbulence models are based on the assumption of quasi-homogeneity. However, there are many situations of engineering interest which do not involve large shear rates and which are not quasi-homogeneous or isotropic. Shear-free turbulent boundary layers are the prototypical example of such flows, with practical situations being separation and reattachment, bluff body flow, high free-stream turbulence, and free surface flows. Although these situations are not as common as the variants of the flat plate turbulent boundary layer, they tend to be critical factors in complex engineering situations. The models developed are intended to extend classical quasi-homogeneous models into regions of large inhomogeneity. These models do not rely on the presence of mean shear or production, but are still applicable when those additional effects are included. Although the focus is on shear-free boundary layers as tests for these models, results for standard shearing boundary layers are also shown.
Synthesis and some pharmacological properties of [8-L-tryptophan]oxytocin (1980)

Condensation of (tert-butyloxycarbonyl)tocinoic acid with L-prolyl-L-tryptophylglycinamide produced the Boc derivative of a nonapeptide (disulfide) which on deprotection afforded [8-L-tryptophan]oxytocin. In assays on the rat uterus in vitro and in vivo the new analogue acts as both an agonist and an antagonist. The duration of both actions is prolonged.
Localization of Epileptic Foci by Means of Cortical Imaging Using a Spherical Head Model (2002)

A cortical imaging technique (CIT) with a three-sphere head model was used to estimate cortical potentials from scalp EEG recordings in 2 pediatric epilepsy patients. For patient #1, the cortical potentials during interictal spikes and seizure onset were estimated. For patient #2, the cortical imaging analysis was performed during interictal spikes. In all cases analyzed, localized areas of activity were observed, overlying with the epileptogenic zones, as confirmed by the post-operative ECoG recordings and neurosurgical resection in the patients. The present study suggests that CIT may provide a useful alternative for noninvasive localization of epileptic foci from pre-operative EEG recordings.
Fez1/Lzts1 a new mitotic regulator implicated in cancer development (2007)

Considerable evidence has accumulated suggesting that cancer has genetic origin, based on the development of genomic alterations, such as deletions, mutations, and/or methylations in critical genes for homeostasis of cellular functions, including cell survival, DNA replication and cell cycle control. Mechanism controlling the precise timing and sequence of cell cycle events as well as checkpoints insuring fidelity of those events are key targets that when disrupted could result in tumorigenesis. Mitosis is the process by which a cell duplicates its genetic information (DNA), in order to generate two, identical, daughter cells. In addition each daughter cell must receive one centrosome and the appropriate complements of cytoplasm and organelles. This process is conventionally divided in to five distinct stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase that correspond to a different morphology of the cell. The entry into mitosis (M) is under the control of the cyclin dependent kinase Cdk1. During G2, the kinases Wee1 and Myt1 phosphorylate Cdk1 at T14/Y15 residues, rendering it inactive. The transition from G2 to M is promoted by the activation of Cdk1 via dephosphorylation by the Cdk1 phosphatase Cdc25C. Activated Cdk1 complexes translocate into the nucleus during prophase where phosphorylate numerous substrates in order to enhance their activation as the cells progresses trough prophase, prometaphase, and metaphase.Recently we identified a new player: FEZ1/LZTS1 that contributes to the fine-tuning of the molecular events that determine progression through mitosis, and here will review its role in cancer development and in M phase regulation.
Scaling properties of branched polyesters (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTScaling properties of branched polyestersE. V. Patton, J. A. Wesson, M. Rubinstein, J. C. Wilson, and L. E. OppenheimerCite this: Macromolecules 1989, 22, 4, 1946–1959Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00194a072https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00194a072research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views262Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Regulation of Blood Flow to the Rabbit Corpus Luteum: Effects of Estradiol and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin* (1989)

We tested the hypothesis that estrogen and hCG can modify blood flow in the rabbit corpus luteum. Radioactively labeled microspheres were used to measure luteal blood flow in pseudopregnant rabbits in which estrogen had been withdrawn to initiate premature luteal regression and in pseudopregnant rabbits injected with hCG. Removal of estradiol-filled Silastic capsules on day 10 of pseudopregnancy caused an 80% decrease in the serum progesterone concentration within 24 h. Despite the decline in progesterone secretion, luteal blood flow remained at very high levels and was not different from that in control rabbits treated continuously with estradiol. Replacement of estradiol-filled capsules for 3 h did not change the high rate of blood flow to the corpus luteum, but blood flow in the uterus, vagina, and ovarian stroma was increased. The injection of hCG (10 IU, iv) on day 10 of pseudopregnancy caused a 3-fold increase in blood flow to the nonluteal portion of the ovary and a 3-fold increase in the serum progesterone concentration, but luteal blood flow did not change. We conclude that the acute actions of estradiol or hCG in the rabbit corpus luteum are not mediated by changes in luteal blood flow. Further, the results suggest that the luteal vasculature is regulated differently from the vasculature of other estrogen-responsive tissues and that blood flow in the nonluteal tissues of the ovary can be regulated independently of blood flow in the corpus luteum.
An Analysis of the Resident Match (1981)

The National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) was founded to bring fairness and order to a previously chaotic application process for internships. However, the current computer algorithm that generates the matches treats students and programs differently, in a way that favors programs whenever desires conflict. No statement from the NRMP makes this point clear, and workable alternatives to this biased algorithm have not been considered in public debate.A Controlled ExperimentA controlled way to demonstrate the favored role of programs is to switch the positions of students and programs in the algorithm and then compare the results of matching. Under . . .
Selected Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Their Derivatives Target γ-Secretase at a Novel Site (2004)

Gamma-secretase is a multi-component enzyme complex that performs an intramembranous cleavage, releasing amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptides from processing intermediates of the beta-amyloid precursor protein. Because Abeta peptides are thought to be causative for Alzheimer's disease, inhibiting gamma-secretase represents a potential treatment for this neurodegenerative condition. Whereas inhibitors directed at the active center of gamma-secretase inhibit the cleavage of all its substrates, certain non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown to selectively reduce the production of the more amyloidogenic Abeta(1-42) peptide without inhibiting alternative cleavages. In contrast to the majority of previous studies, however, we demonstrate that in cell-free systems the mode of action of selected NSAIDs and their derivatives, depending on the concentrations used, can either be classified as modulatory or inhibitory. At modulatory concentrations, a selective and, with respect to the substrate, noncompetitive inhibition of Abeta(1-42) production was observed. At inhibitory concentrations, on the other hand, biochemical readouts reminiscent of a nonselective gamma-secretase inhibition were obtained. When these compounds were analyzed for their ability to displace a radiolabeled, transition-state analog inhibitor from solubilized enzyme, noncompetitive antagonism was observed. The allosteric nature of radioligand displacement suggests that NSAID-like inhibitors change the conformation of the gamma-secretase enzyme complex by binding to a novel site, which is discrete from the binding site for transition-state analogs and therefore distinct from the catalytic center. Consequently, drug discovery efforts aimed at this site may identify novel allosteric inhibitors that could benefit from a wider window for inhibition of gamma (42)-cleavage over alternative cleavages in the beta-amyloid precursor protein and, more importantly, alternative substrates.
THE HISTOGENETIC‐EMBRYOLOGIC BASIS FOR REAPPEARANCE OF ALPHA‐FETOPROTEIN IN ENDODERMAL SINUS TUMORS (YOLK SAC TUMORS) AND TERATOMAS (1975)

The mechanism of neosynthesis of the human tumor‐associated fetal antigen alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) in a variable percentage of patients with testicular, ovarian and extragonadal germ cell tumors has generally been considered unknown or beyond any simple explanation. Of decisive importance is the cellular basis for AFP production 1. in ontogenesis and 2. in malignancy as dependent on an exact tumor histogenesis. Based on (1) the histogenetic‐embryologic classification of germ cell tumors and the concept of yolk sac tumor (or endodermal sinus tumor), (2) the available clinical and experimental observations, and (3) the immunofluorescent localization of AFP in the endodermal sinus tumor of the human testis, it is concluded that AFP synthesis in these neoplasms is explained by the fact that they contain yolk sac endoderm, which produce AFP analogous with the physiological AFP synthesis by the fetal yolk sac in early embryogenesis.
Two Series Oxide Resistors Applicable to High Speed and High Density Nonvolatile Memory (2007)

A memory cell consisting of a Pt/VO2/Pt switch element and a Pt/NiO/Pt memory element connected in series. By applying a voltage higher than Vth of 0.6 V, the switch element reaches the on state and the cell can be accessed. Since reset and set voltages are higher than Vth, information can be written by simply applying an appropriate voltage to a selected cell. By applying a voltage lower than Vth to the other cells, we can keep the other cells in the off state and prevent interference between the selected cell and the others.
Using a light microscope to measure motions with nanometer accuracy (1998)

A system for measuring nanometer motions of microscopic structures is demonstrated. Stop-action images of a target are obtained with a light microscope, CCD camera, and stroboscopic illuminator. Mo- tions are determined directly from measured images using algorithms from computer vision. The accuracy of motion measurements using the system is assessed using a moving target with calibrated displacements. Accuracy is determined for specimens viewed under our most optimal conditions as well as for a number of suboptimal conditions that illustrate important degradation mechanisms. Measured errors are compared to predictions based on computer simulations of theoretical models. Re- sults show that the most important hardware factors include substrate vibrations and camera imperfections. Measurement errors for the most optimal hardware conditions are primarily due to systematic bias in the computer vision algorithms. For our most optimal conditions, the system can resolve motions as small as nanometers. Thus, errors in motion measurements are small compared to both the wavelength of the light used to obtain the images and the pixel spacing of the video microscope. © 1998 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. (S0091-3286(98)03904-X) Subject terms: video microscopy; stroboscopic illumination; motion measure- ment; fixed-pattern noise; shot noise; substrate vibration.