gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
From Contextual Knowledge to Computational Constraints (1993)

In this work we address the issue of focused computation in computer vision for effectiveness and efficiencyIn particular, we propose a scheme that links scene-oriented contextual knowledge with the computational constraints required in visual motion segmentation and tracking. The approach uses Ra.yesia.ii belief revision techniques to map explicit scene knowledge onto implicit causal dependent constraints in controlling computational parameters. We discuss our experimental results from applying this method in improving existing techniques in traffic surveillance applications.
Association between otitis media infection and failed hearing screenings in children (2019)

This study aims to assess prospectively whether there is an association between frequencies of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) or asthma in early childhood and failed otoacoustic emission (OAE) screenings later in life. There are no clear recommendations for hearing testing following acute otitis media (AOM) infection. This is a retrospective, practice based chart review. Participants from a primary care setting were 517 pre-adolescent and adolescent children (49.9% female) (ages 10-21; mean, 15 y/o), who had presented with at least one specific bacterial URTI (AOM, Group A Streptococcus (GAS) tonsillitis, or Influenza) during childhood. Hearing testing was recorded incidentally at all subsequent routine health care maintenance visits (OAE hearing screen). Simple linear regression analyses were performed using R (v3.4.4). We found that number of episodes of AOM infections strongly correlated with number of failed OAE screenings later in life (F = 76.37; P = <0.001; R2 = 0.1279), while GAS (F = 1.859; P = 0.1733; R2 = 0.0016) or Influenza infection (F = 2.624; P = 0.1059; R2 = 0.0031) were not associated with failed OAE screening. Correlation between number of AOM infections and number of failed OAE screenings was not strengthened by presence of asthma. This study found evidence of an association between childhood history of AOM and failed OAE screenings in adolescence. Since this population may be at a higher risk for developing permanent or fluctuating hearing losses, further studies to clarify indications and timing of standard audiological testing among these children should be considered.
New Electro-optic Simulator Design Concepts for Serviceability Checks of Laser Seekers and Laser-warning Sensors (2010)

Precision-guided munitions (PGM) play a pivotal role in modern warfare. As such it is important to carry out serviceability checks on critical electro-optical systems particularly those incorporated into precision-guided munitions, laser-warning systems and other military electro-optic systems. These test systems provide functionality checks on military electro-optic systems without the need to disassemble the device under test (DUT) or remove it from the platform. This paper presents new design concepts to build portable electro-optic simulators capable of generating battlefield laser threat signatures to carry out on-line functionality checks on laser sensors used in laser-warning systems and laser seekers in laser-guided munitions. These designs offer one or more advantages over similar commercially available devices and designs discussed in the literature. A prototype using the proposed concept was built and comprehensively evaluated by testing a commercial laser-seeker unit. Test results are presented in this paper.
Determination of doping and temperature-dependent elastic constants of degenerately doped silicon from MEMS resonators (2014)

Elastic constants c11, c12, and c44 of degenerately doped silicon are studied experimentally as a function of the doping level and temperature. First-and second-order temperature coefficients of the elastic constants are extracted from measured resonance frequencies of a set of MEMS resonators fabricated on seven different wafers doped with phosphorus (carrier concentrations 4.1, 4.7, and 7.5 x 10(19) cm(-3)), arsenic (1.7 and 2.5 x 10(19) cm(-3)), or boron (0.6 and 3 × 10(19) cm(-3)). Measurements cover a temperature range from -40°C to +85°C. It is found that the linear temperature coefficient of the shear elastic parameter c11 - c12 is zero at n-type doping level of n ~ 2 x 10(19) cm(-3), and that it increases to more than 40 ppm/K with increasing doping. This observation implies that the frequency of many types of resonance modes, including extensional bulk modes and flexural modes, can be temperature compensated to first order. The second-order temperature coefficient of c11 - c12 is found to decrease by 40% in magnitude when n-type doping is increased from 4.1 to 7.5 × 10(19) cm(-3). Results of this study enable calculation of the frequency drift of an arbitrary silicon resonator design with an accuracy of ±25 ppm between the calculated and real(ized) values over T = -40°C to +85°C at the doping levels covered in this work. Absolute frequency can be estimated with an accuracy of ±1000 ppm.
Probing the Microstructure of Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells (2019)

The microstructure of absorber layers is pivotally important for all thin‐film solar technologies. Using electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD), the crystal orientation in methylammonium lead iodide thin films with submicrometer resolution is reported. For the vast majority of (110) oriented grains, the c ‐axis of the perovskite unit cell is oriented in‐plane. Although some adjacent grains exhibit the same in‐plane horizontal orientation of the c ‐axis, no universal horizontal orientation of the c ‐axis within the sample plane exists. The (110) crystal orientation correlates with an in‐plane orientation of the ferroelectric polarization as investigated by vertical and lateral piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). The individual grains with different crystal orientations that exhibit different ferroelectric patterns and surface potentials are identified. The strong correlation between crystal orientation and ferroelectric polarization allows conclusions to be drawn about the microstructure from PFM measurements and, likewise, the ferroelectric polarization to be derived from crystallographic observations by EBSD.
Immunohistochemical staining for ganglioside GD1b as a diagnostic andprognostic marker for primary human brain tumors (1999)

Immunohistochemical staining intensity for ganglioside GD1b was determined for 108 human neuroectodermal tumors. Most of the tissue elements that immunostained were tumor cells; only a few axons and occasional neurons reacted in some specimens. All pilocytic astrocytomas stained very positively, whereas none of the ependymomas and only 11% of primitive neuroectodermal tumors, 20% of glioblastomas, and 28% of anaplastic astrocytomas showed more than faint staining. A similar association between grade and immunostaining was seen in tumors containing an oligodendrogliomatous component, but reactivity was not as strong as in astrocytic tumors or primitive neuroectodermal tumors. Results of Cox regression showed significant associations between immunostaining intensity and survival for all cases taken together (P = 0.007); for the group consisting of astrocytomas, oligoastrocytomas, and oligodendrogliomas (P = 0.002); and for astrocytomas alone (P = 0.04). Results were also significant using a proportional hazards model controlling for patient age (all cases P = 0.005; astrocytomas only P = 0.02), but not when controlling for tumor grade. Our results indicate that immunohistochemical staining for GD1b is correlated with tumor grade and that it may be of prognostic utility in some primary human brain tumors, especially astrocytomas.
α‐lipoic acid prevents non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in OLETF rats (2012)

Chronic ALA supplementation prevents NAFLD through multiple mechanisms by reducing steatosis, oxidative stress, immune activation and inflammation in the liver.
Synthesis and properties of clay‐dispersed ABA triblock copolymer nanocomposite via ATRP (2005)

Abstract A novel clay‐dispersed ABA (PSe‐PMMA‐PSt) triblock copolymer nanocomposite was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The resulting material showed an expansion of interlayer distance and higher thermal stability. The molecular weight (MW) and the molecular weight distribution (MWD) can be controlled. Exfoliated nanocomposite was achieved as revealed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that the addition of only a small amount of organo‐clay was enough to improve the thermal stabilities and properties of nanocomposite. POLYM. COMPOS. 26:465–469, 2005. © 2005 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Pixel co-registered simultaneous dualband infrared sensing (2008)

Mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) and long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) InGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs based quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) 320times 256 pixel dualband pixel co-registered simultaneous QWIP focal plane array (FPA) have been demonstrated as pathfinders. In this paper, we discuss the development of 1024 times 1024 MWIR/LWIR dualband pixel co-registered simultaneous QWIP focal plane array.
Slow-Binding Inhibition of Mushroom (Agaricusbisporus) Tyrosinase Isoforms by Tropolone (1999)

A kinetic study of the inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase by tropolone has been made. Three tyrosinase isoforms were used: two commercial tyrosinases from Fluka and Sigma (isoelectric points of 4. 3 and 4.1, respectively) and one purified isoform from mushroom strain U1 (isoelectric point of 4.5). Tropolone is a slow-binding inhibitor of these mushroom tyrosinase isoforms. Increasing tropolone concentrations provoked a progressive decrease in both the initial velocity and the final (inhibited) steady-state rate in the progress curves of product accumulation. A rapid formation of an enzyme-inhibitor complex, which further undergoes a slow reversible reaction, could take place since the inhibition of the different isoforms was partially reversed by the addition of CuSO(4). The kinetic parameters that described the inhibition by tropolone were evaluated by nonlinear regression fits. Incubation experiments of the different isoforms with tropolone demonstrated that this inhibitor only could bind to the "oxy" form of tyrosinase which justifies a mechanism previously proposed to explain the inhibition of tyrosinase by slow-binding inhibitors.
Front Matter: Volume 7263 (2009)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 7263, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction (if any), and the Conference Committee listing
Teaching Methods for Simulation Games: The Example of Learning Business Process Change (2019)

Business Process Change (BPC), aiming at improving the core competencies of a company, is a highly relevant topic in a rapidly changing business environment. Trends such as the digital transformation require companies to transform their business processes and may even lead to complete changes in how they operate. To prepare students for their future working environment, teaching BPC is an important topic for education in Information Systems, Computer Science, and Engineering. For this, simulation games provide a useful approach to provide students with more practical experience. To increase the learning outcomes of such games, different teaching methods can be used as part of them. However, previous research is lacking concrete insights which effects the different methods have when using them with simulation games. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to analyze different teaching methods for simulation games and to evaluate their effectiveness on the example of a game for learning BPC. First, we conduct a literature review on teaching methods and investigate whether they are suitable for teaching BPC. Afterwards, we develop a teaching concept for the simulation game using different methods such as experiential or case-based learning. Finally, we evaluate our teaching concept with 36 students from an upper vocational school and show the effectiveness of different methods when used as part of simulation games. Thereby, we contribute to the theory of teaching methods for simulation games and to practice by providing guidelines for teaching the topic of BPC using a simulation game.
Addressing the challenges of modeling the scattering from bottlebrush polymers in solution (2020)

Small-angle scattering measurements of complex macromolecules in solution are used to establish relationships between chemical structure and conformational properties. Interpretation of the scattering data requires an inverse approach where a model is chosen and the simulated scattering intensity from that model is iterated to match the experimental scattering intensity. This raises challenges in the case where the model is an imperfect approximation of the underlying structure, or where there are significant correlations between model parameters. We examine three bottlebrush polymers (consisting of polynorbornene backbone and polystyrene side chains) in a good solvent using a model commonly applied to this class of polymers: the flexible cylinder model. Applying a series of constrained Monte-Carlo Markov Chain analyses demonstrates the severity of the correlations between key parameters and the presence of multiple close minima in the goodness of fit space. We demonstrate that a shape-agnostic model can fit the scattering with significantly reduced parameter correlations and less potential for complex, multimodal parameter spaces. We provide recommendations to improve the analysis of complex macromolecules in solution, highlighting the value of Bayesian methods. This approach provides richer information for understanding parameter sensitivity compared to methods which produce a single, best fit.
Ferrocyanide Safety Project: Subtask 3.4, Aging Studies. FY 1992, annual report (1992)

The Hanford Ferrocyanide Task Team is addressing issues involving ferrocyanide precipitates in single-shell waste storage tanks (SSTs), in particular the storage of waste in a safe manner. This Task Team, composed of researchers from Westinghouse Hanford Company (WHC), Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL), and outside consultants, was formed in response to the need for an updated analysis of safety questions about the Hanford ferrocyanide tanks. This annual report gives the results of the work conducted by PNL in FY 1992 on Subtask 3.4, Aging Studies, which is part of Task 3, Chemical Nature of Feffocyanide in Wastes. Subtask 3.4 deals with the aging behavior and solubilization of ferrocyanide tank waste sludges in a basic aqueous environment. Investigated were the effects of pH variation, ionic strength, salts present in SSTS, and gamma radiation on solubilization of vendor-prepared Na{sub 2}NiFe(CN){sub 6}.
Order fulfillment in online retailing : what goes where (2005)

We present three problems motivated by order fulfillment in online retailing. First, we focus on one warehouse or fulfillment center. To optimize the storage space and labor, an e-tailer splits the warehouse into two regions with different storage densities. One is for picking customer orders and the other to hold a reserve stock that replenishes the picking area. Consequently, the warehouse is a two-stage serial system. We investigate an inventory system where demand is stochastic by minimizing the total expected inventory-related costs subject to a space constraint. We develop an approximate model for a periodic review, nested ordering policy. Furthermore, we extend the formulation to account for shipping delays and advance order information. We report on tests of the model with data from a major e-tailer. Second, we focus on the entire network of warehouses and customers. When a customer order occurs, the e-tailer assigns the order to one or more of its warehouses and/or drop-
Study on tracking algorithm of acoustic target (2003)

The prediction of helicopter′s track is very important for Anti-Helicopter Mine System (AHMS) in the battle. However, it is very difficult to get an accurate and reliable prediction when the data is very limited. This paper tries to establish a track forecast model based on the grey system theory to predict the radial distance, the azimuth and the elevation of a helicopter real-timely. The forecast model of grey system can directly predict the helicopter′s track, with out the need of coordinate conversion (polar coordinate to rectangular coordinate). So the measurement noise is relatively independent, the prediction accuracy can be improved. In the period of sampling, GM model has been established on line to improve prediction precision. The results of simulation indicate that higher prediction precision can be obtained with fewer surveying data.
Equisetum sylvaticum L. (2012)

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/herbarium_specimens_byname/8656/thumbnail.jpg
Leiomyosarcomatosis of the Gastrointestinal Tract (1979)

A case report of a patient suffering from diffuse leiomyosarcomatosis of the gastrointestinal tract is presented. The endoscopic features of the lesions localized in the stomach, the small bowel and the colon are compared with the radiological data. A description of the pathology of these polypoid lesions is given. The origin of this widespread leiomyosarcomatosis of the gastrointestinal system is discussed.
Red Clover Mottle Comovirus B-RNA Spreads between Cells in Tobamovirus-infected Tissues (1988)

Summary B component RNA (B-RNA) of red clover mottle comovirus (RCMV) was not transported between cells of inoculated leaf tissue unless it was co-inoculated with the M component. However when host plants were infected with sunn-hemp mosaic tobamovirus (SHMV) or mutant Ni118 of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) before superinoculation, RCMV B-RNA was transported readily between cells. Plants were infected with SHMV or Ni118 and, 5 days after superinoculation with RCMV B component, protoplasts were isolated from the infected leaves and inoculated with RCMV M component. About 30% of such protoplasts multiplied RCMV (identified by immunofluorescence microscopy) whereas only 3 to 5% of protoplasts from similarly treated plants not initially infected with SHMV or Ni118 multiplied RCMV. Thus B-RNA spread from mixedly infected (SHMV + B-RNA or Ni118 + B-RNA) cells in the absence of M-RNA to the neighbouring cells. RCMV B-RNA spread in leaves infected with the temperature-sensitive coat protein TMV mutant Ni118 and grown at non-permissive temperature. Thus TMV coat protein is not involved in enabling RCMV RNA to be transported.
Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (2005)

The Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS) is a powerful method for comparing disease progression using single assessment data. The Global MSSS can be used as a reference table for future disability comparisons. While useful for comparing groups of patients, disease fluctuation precludes its use as a predictor of future disability in an individual.
Polony analysis of gene expression in ES cells and blastocysts (2007)

Expression profiling of stem cells is challenging due to their small numbers and heterogeneity. The PCR colony (polony) approach has theoretical advantages as an assay for stem cells but has not been applied to small numbers of cells. An assay has been developed that is sensitive enough to detect mRNAs from small numbers of ES cells and from fractions of a single mouse blastocyst. Genes assayed include Oct3, Rex1, Nanog, Cdx2 and GLUT-1. The assay is highly sensitive so that multiple mRNAs from a single blastocyst were easily detected in the same assay. In its present version, the assay is an attractive alternative to conventional RT-PCR for profiling small populations of stem cells. The assay is also amenable to improvements that will increase its sensitivity and ability to analyze many cDNAs simultaneously.
Validation of a fault-tolerant multiprocessor : baseline experiments and workload implementation (2018)

Computer Science Department
Cross polarization in swept beam THz imaging systems using off-axis parabolic mirrors (2022)

The optical behavior of a terahertz imaging system employing a train of four identical off-axis parabolic mirrors with oblique incidence angle illumination is investigated in this work. The aperture filling and aberrations of a single off-axis parabolic mirror when illuminated by a Gaussian terahertz beam at its focus point is measured and simulated. The amplitude of E-field in transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations at target plane reveals a significant cross polarization, even when there is zero cross polarization at the source beam, amplitude of which is ∼ 33% of TE polarization. The investigation of the E-field on the detector plane reveals that this ratio is ∼ 1.5% at the detector plane, and the cross polarized E-field at the target plane is rotated back to co polarization. Although its amplitude is negligible, the TM distribution at detector plane is bimodal and tilted about the optical axis.
Optical metrology of Ni and NiSi thin films used in the self-aligned silicidation process (2010)

The thickness-dependent optical properties of nickel metal and nickel monosilicide (NiSi) thin films, used for self-aligned silicidation process, were characterized using spectroscopic ellipsometry. The thickness-dependent complex dielectric function of nickel metal films is shown to be correlated with the change in Drude free electron relaxation time. The change in relaxation time can be traced to the change in grain boundary (GB) reflection coefficient and grain size. A resistivity based model was used as the complementary method to the thickness-dependent optical model to trace the change in GB reflection coefficient and grain size. After silicidation, the complex dielectric function of NiSi films exhibit non-Drude behavior due to superimposition of interband absorptions arising at lower frequencies. The Optical models of the complete film stack were refined using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Rutherford backscattered spectroscopy, and x-ray reflectivity (XRR).
Inventory verification measurements using neutron multiplicity counting (1998)

This paper describes a series of neutron multiplicity measurements of large plutonium samples at the Los Alamos Plutonium Facility. The measurements were corrected for bias caused by neutron energy spectrum shifts and nonuniform multiplication, and are compared with calorimetry/isotopics. The results show that multiplicity counting can increase measurement throughput and yield good verification results for some inventory categories. The authors provide recommendations on the future application of the technique to inventory verification.
Microstructural design of printed graphite electrodes for lithium-ion batteries (2021)

Performance properties of lithium-ion battery electrodes; capacity, rate and lifetime, are determined by the design of the coating composite microstructure. The internal pore structure and electronic networks for high coat weight graphite electrodes are manipulated through changes in the ink rheological properties, and through an syringe dispensing printing process. The rheological properties of a water-based, high viscosity graphite ink were optimised using a secondary solvent for the rheological requirements of a syringe dispensing method. The microstructure of high coat-weight battery electrodes produced from printing and tape cast methods were compared and the electrochemical performance evaluated. Cross sectional analysis of the slurry cast coatings showed improved component homogeneity, lower graphite alignment with 0.1% to 10% weight increase of the secondary solvent, with a corresponding change in tortuosity of the electrodes of 5.3–2.8. Improved cycle life is observed with a printed electrode containing an embedded electrolyte channel. Performance properties were elucidated through charge discharge, GITT and PEIS measurements. Improved electronic conductivities, exchange currents and diffusion coefficients were observed for the syringe deposited electrode. This digital deposition process for manufacturing electrodes shows promise for further optimisation of electrodes for long-life, high energy density batteries.