gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modification of waveguide flange design for millimeter and submillimeter-wave measurements (2011)

Waveguide flange design makes major impact to measurement reproducibility in the range of millimeter and sub-millimeter-wave frequencies, e.g. above 110 GHz. Original concept of flange design, so-call “Oshima” flange, was established in the early 2000s. Its flange alignment is ensured using ring with tight tolerance, however, it is not compatible to MIL-DTL-3922/67C (UG-387) flange. This paper describes a modification of “Oshima” flange in order to establishing a compatibility with UG-387 flange design, and evaluation result of its capability of connection repeatability in the WR-3 (220 GHz-330 GHz) frequency band. Furthermore, the quarter wave length shim, as a TRL “through” line standard, is specially modified to fit with a new design of “Oshima” flange, then, its capability of connection repeatability is also measured and discussed.
Sanitize It Yourself: human-based sanitization checker against machine-generated chemical structures (2021)

Many computer-aided drug design (CADD) methods using deep learning have recently been proposed to explore the chemical space toward novel scaffolds efficiently. However, there is a tradeoff between the ease of generating novel structures and the chemical feasibility of structural formulas. To overcome the limitations of computational filtering, we have implemented a web application that allows easy compound sanitization by humans. The application is available at https://sanitizer.chemical.space/.
Photochemical and chemical enzyme catalyzed debromination of meso-1,2-dibromostilbene in multiphase systems (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical and chemical enzyme catalyzed debromination of meso-1,2-dibromostilbene in multiphase systemsRuben. Maidan and Itamar. WillnerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 5, 1080–1082Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00265a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00265a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views578Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optical absorption in aluminium and the effect of temperature (1972)

Measurements of the optical absorption of clean evaporated aluminium films have been made at several different temperatures and the results interpreted in terms of the theory of parallel band absorption. Values of the Fourier coefficient of the pseudopotential mod U200 mod have been derived and its temperature variation satisfactorily explained. The derived value of this coefficient for 0 K is 0.79+or- 0.01 eV which is somewhat higher than that obtained from Fermi surface data, but the difference may in part be due to an energy dependence of the coefficient. Values of optical mass, interband and Drude relaxation times at the different temperatures have been derived. Some data appropriate to partially disordered films are also presented.
Classification of Lactococcus lactis cell envelope proteinase based on gene sequencing, peptides formed after hydrolysis of milk, and computer modeling (2014)

Lactococcus lactis strains depend on a proteolytic system for growth in milk to release essential AA from casein. The cleavage specificities of the cell envelope proteinase (CEP) can vary between strains and environments and whether the enzyme is released or bound to the cell wall. Thirty-eight Lc. lactis strains were grouped according to their CEP AA sequences and according to identified peptides after hydrolysis of milk. Finally, AA positions in the substrate binding region were suggested by the use of a new CEP template based on Streptococcus C5a CEP. Aligning the CEP AA sequences of 38 strains of Lc. lactis showed that 21 strains, which were previously classified as group d, could be subdivided into 3 groups. Independently, similar subgroupings were found based on comparison of the Lc. lactis CEP AA sequences and based on normalized quantity of identified peptides released from αS1-casein and β-casein. A model structure of Lc. lactis CEP based on the crystal structure of Streptococcus C5a CEP was used to investigate the AA positions in the substrate-binding region. New AA positions were suggested, which could be relevant for the cleavage specificity of CEP; however, these could only explain 2 out of 3 found subgroups. The third subgroup could be explained by 1 to 5 AA positions located opposite the substrate binding region.
Gasphasen-Reaktionen, 59 [1, 2] Die Pyrolysen von Trifluormethylazid und Hexafluorazomethan / Gas Phase Reactions, 59 [1, 2] The Pyrolyses of Trifluoromethylazide and Hexafluoroazomethane (1987)

Trifluoromethyl azide decomposes in a low-pressure flow system at rather high temperatures by splitting off N 2 . The nature of the resulting products depends largely on the wall material of the pyrolysis tube: using molybdenum above 1120 K, FCN is observed exclusively. Neither F 2 C=NF nor F 3 C-N=N-CF 3 can be detected as intermediates by comparing their PE spectra with those continuously recorded while increasing the temperature. F 3 C-N = N - CF 3 fragments already at 870 K to give N 2 and F 3 C-CF 3 . The PE spectra of F 3 CN 3 and F 2 C=NF are assigned based on MNDO calculations
Drilling Efficiently, Durably and Consistently Through Cherts and Conglomerates with PDC Bits is Possible (2021)

Abstract Drilling into harsh environment with heterogeneous formations including chert or conglomerate is usually a boundary that can't be crossed with standard PDC bit technology. This paper will show how an innovative PDC cutter shape combined with a novel 3D approach of cutting structure design have withstood this challenge and successfully replaced 16-in. traditional roller cone application in United Arab Emirates by the latest PDC technology delivering an average 35% improvement on Rate Of Penetration (ROP) while continuously drilling to Total Depth (TD) on each section. When drilling chert or conglomerate type of formation with a PDC drill bit, uneven load per cutters is detrimental to their integrity and results in short runs or brutal stop in the drilling operation triggering a trip for drill bit change. The new technology shown in this paper includes a unique hybrid combination of cutter shapes with a design arrangement of the cutting structure to allow for the pre-fracturing of any hard formation heterogeneity by 3D shaped cutters while standard cutters ensure a high level of cutting efficiency through their shearing action. This innovative concept has been intensively tested in the lab through single cutter and full bit scale drilling testing. In addition, in-house 3D bit simulation software has been used to optimize the cutting structure and assure performance within a wide range of drilling scenarios. Based on these simulations, an optimized design was manufactured for 16-in. directional applications usually tackled by roller cone drill bits and known for having heterogeneous cherty formations to drill throughout the end of the 5,000 ft section. Simulation results helped to validate the unique shaped cutters placement on the cutting structure to maximize the pre-fracturing effect. This design was run on Rotary Steerable System (RSS) and Positive Displacement Motor (PDM) assemblies and successfully drilled 5 wells in a challenging field of the United Arab Emirates offshore operations. 100% successful rate to reach TD in one run was achieved while increasing drastically the average ROP of the section by at least 35%. Moreover, the unique design configuration allowed to better control the directional behavior of the drill string, which resulted in a significant reduction in the overall cost per foot. A new boundary has been breached in several wells of a complex 16-in. chert and conglomerate application in the United Arab Emirates thanks to a years-long effort combining an innovative cutter technology, an optimized bit design process including a state-of-the-art 3D simulation software with lab and field experimental testing campaigns. By looking at the micro level structure of the rock destruction mechanism, a huge improvement has been obtained at the macro level of drilling operation economics.
Field dependence of the magnetocaloric effect in Gd and (Er 1−x Dy x )Al 2 : Does a universal curve exist? (2007)

The field dependence of the magnetic entropy change of ferromagnetic lanthanidebased materials has been studied. The recently proposed master curve for the field dependence of the magnetocaloric effect of Fe-based amorphous alloys can also be constructed for these lanthanide-based crystalline materials, suggesting a universal behavior. The exponent n controlling the field dependence of the magnetic entropy change can be used for the interpretation of results in the case of multiple magnetic ordering phenomena.
Flexible Pipes In-Service Monitoring (2004)

Offshore flexible pipelines are designed to operate without intervention throughout the life of field, which can be 20 to 30 years long. The monitoring of these lines is more and more often considered and implemented with two main objectives: to confirm that the risers and flowlines operate within safe working limits and enable the assessment of the integrity and lifetime of these lines. The first objective can be achieved by continuous collection of the operational data, such as for example internal pressure, fluid temperature, riser top tension and vessel motions, to confirm that the pipelines continue to be operated within the design parameters. The second objective can be achieved through direct condition monitoring of the flexible pipe (for example coupons samples, temperature within the pipe structure, curvature and bending stresses). All of these techniques can contribute towards regular assessment of pipe integrity and lifetime. Flexi France is developing several monitoring and inspection technologies, some of which are already operational or ready to use. This paper will focus primarily on corrosion monitoring of flexible risers steel reinforcement layers through measurement of the annular space fluid composition and physical parameters such as temperature distribution, end-termination sealing integrity and dynamic risers curvature distribution. The state of the art monitoring technologies will be presented in this paper, and it will be explained how they can allow the field operator to optimize the inspection program, reduce the risk of potential damage in operation or enable reuse of the flexible lines at the end of field life.
Fundamentals of Electric Power Engineering (2014)

Electric power engineering has always been an integral part of electrical engineering education. Providing a unique alternative to existing books on the market, this text presents a concise and rigorous exposition of the main fundamentals of electric power engineering. Contained in a single volume, the materials can be used to teach three separate courses - electrical machines, power system and power electronics, which are in the mainstream of the electrical engineering curriculum of most universities worldwide. The book also highlights an in-depth review of electric and magnetic circuit theory with emphasis on the topics which are most relevant to electric power engineering.
Immunohistochemical Localization of Type D Retrovirus Serotype 1 in the Digestive Tract of Rhesus Monkeys With Simian AIDS (1990)

Type D retrovirus infection of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) shares many features with AIDS in man including gastrointestinal signs such as chronic diarrhea and wasting. In some humans and macaques afflicted with these signs and symptoms no etiology can be established. In this study immunohistochemistry was employed to localize D/1/California in the digestive tract of ten animals with simian AIDS. This revealed that both epithelial and lymphoid cells of the digestive tract are commonly infected by this immunosuppressive type D retrovirus.
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Analyzing pathogenic (double-stranded (ds) DNA-specific) plasma cells via immunofluorescence microscopy (2015)

Single fluorescence channels of the dsDNA staining in tissues from autoimmune and non-autoimmune mice. (JPEG 6667 kb)
Analysis of the Bruton's tyrosine kinase gene promoter reveals critical PU.1 and SP1 sites (1996)

The gene defective in X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) encodes a novel protein kinase termed Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk). Whereas the XLA phenotype is confined to abnormalities of B-cell development and function, Btk is expressed not only in B-lymphocyte lineage but also in myeloid lineage cells. The first 450 basepairs of the Btk promoter fused to a luciferase gene displayed a similar cell-type specificity. Critical binding sites for the transcription factors PU.1 and Sp1 were identified in the proximal portion of the Btk promoter upstream of a cluster of transcriptional start sites. Mutation of either the PU.1 or Sp1 site markedly reduced the activity of a Btk promoter-luciferase reporter construct in transfection experiments. In addition, PU.1 directly transactivated the Btk promoter, and deletion of the PU.1 binding site abolished this effect. This study implicates PU.1 and Sp1 as major regulators of Btk expression and provides a foundation for further study of the regulation of this gene in XLA patients that lack Btk mRNA.
Improved mountant for immunofluorescence preparations. (1974)

fluorescence of ordinary glass slides is not readily visible. With incident light illumination the fluores- cent area of the slide lies immediately below the specimen and may obscure specific fluorescence. The primary filter GG 420/4 mm reduced this inter- ference. Non-fluorescent multi-specimen slides are made by Hendley & Co, Buckhurst Hill, Essex.
Analysis of GPS Data Processing Techniques: In Search of Optimized Strategy of Orbit and Earth Rotation Parameter Recovery / (1995)

One of the two major problems addressed here is the application of the triple-difference technique in the Global Positioning System (GPS) orbit determination. It represents an innovative, high-standard, and optimal approach to the recovery of the GPS trajectory. The implementation of triple-difference requires special consideration of the correlation that is introduced into the data set via subsequent differencing, but it reduces significantly the number of parameters that need to be evaluated. Another purpose of this research is GPS-based determination of rotational time and pole coordinates (Earth Rotation Parameters, ERPs ), under different conditions such as different troposphere modeling, different nutation model, and variation of the ERP model itself In particular, determination of diurnal and semidiurnal Universal Time (UT1) with satellite technique is discussed. The triple-difference technique, although not new as a concept of GPS data processing but certainly innovative in the field of orbit determination, has demonstrated remarkable processing capacity, flexibility, efficiency, and reliability. The validity and high precision of the triple-difference solution for GPS orbits and ERPs was confirmed by the consistency and repeatability tests for long baselines, showing the RMS ranging from a few parts in 108 to a few parts in 109 per coordinate. Also, the short-periodic UT1 series derived from GPS shows good agreement with the VLBI-derived empirical model of Herring. [Some mathematical expressions are not fully represented in the metadata. Full text of abstract available in document.]
Induction of HIV-1 Broad Neutralizing Antibodies in 2F5 Knock-in Mice: Selection against Membrane Proximal External Region–Associated Autoreactivity Limits T-Dependent Responses (2013)

A goal of HIV-1 vaccine development is to elicit broadly neutralizing Abs (BnAbs). Using a knock-in (KI) model of 2F5, a human HIV-1 gp41 membrane proximal external region (MPER)-specific BnAb, we previously demonstrated that a key obstacle to BnAb induction is clonal deletion of BnAb-expressing B cells. In this study of this model, we provide a proof-of-principle that robust serum neutralizing IgG responses can be induced from pre-existing, residual, self-reactive BnAb-expressing B cells in vivo using a structurally compatible gp41 MPER immunogen. Furthermore, in CD40L-deficient 2F5 KI mice, we demonstrate that these BnAb responses are elicited via a type II T-independent pathway, coinciding with expansion and activation of transitional splenic B cells specific for 2F5's nominal gp41 MPER-binding epitope (containing the 2F5 neutralization domain ELDKWA). In contrast, constitutive production of nonneutralizing serum IgGs in 2F5 KI mice is T dependent and originates from a subset of splenic mature B2 cells that have lost their ability to bind 2F5's gp41 MPER epitope. These results suggest that residual, mature B cells expressing autoreactive BnAbs, like 2F5 as BCR, may be limited in their ability to participate in T-dependent responses by purifying selection that selectively eliminates reactivity for neutralization epitope-containing/mimicked host Ags.
Type-II quantum-well lasers for the mid-wavelength infrared (1995)

We discuss an improved mid-wave infrared diode laser structure based on InAs-Ga1−xInxSb- InAs-Ga1−xAlxSb Type-II multiple quantum wells. The proposed design combines strong optical coupling, 2D dispersion for both electrons and holes, suppression of the Auger recombination rate, and excellent electrical and optical confinement.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens Interaction with Suspension-Cultured Tomato Cells (1985)

Adherence of Agrobacterium tumefaciens to suspension-cultured tomato cells has been characterized using a quantitative binding assay. Saturable binding of radiolabeled A. tumefaciens to plant cells resulted in 100 to 300 bacteria bound per cell. Specificity of A. tumefaciens binding was also inferred from two additional results: (a) an initial incubation of plant cells with A. tumefaciens reduced subsequent binding of radiolabeled A. tumefaciens by 60% to 75%; (b) tomato cells bound less than three E. coli per cell. Protease treatment of plant cells had no effect on subsequent bacterial binding, but prior treatment of plant cells with pectinolytic enzymes increased binding 2- to 3-fold. Pectin-enriched and neutral polymer-enriched fractions were obtained from tomato cell walls. The soluble pectin-enriched fraction inhibited binding of bacteria to plant cells by 85% to 95%, whereas the neutral polymer fraction only partially inhibited binding. Preliminary characterization of the activity showed it is heat stable, partially inactivated by protease treatment, and substantially inactivated by acid hydrolysis.
Room Temperature CW Operation of Mid-IR Distributed Feedback Quantum Cascade Lasers for $\hbox{CO}_{2}, \hbox{N}_{2}$O, and NO Gas Sensing (2012)

We present the design and the performance of midinfrared distributed feedback (DFB) quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) made of strain balanced Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> As/Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</sub> In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-y</sub> As material on InP substrates for sensing CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O, and NO in the middle wavelength range of mid-IR from 4 to 6 μm. We present the performances of our DFB QCLs at three different aspects: high power, low threshold power consumption, and wide wavelength coverage. We demonstrated a continuous wave (CW) DFB QCL with an output power of 220mW at 20°C, a CW DFB QCL with low threshold voltage of 8V and low-divergent far-field angles of 27.5° × 32.9° by reducing the number of quantum cascaded stages, a CW DFB QCL with a low threshold power consumption of 0.7W by reducing doping density in the active core, and DFB QCLs wide wavelength coverage of 325 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> , 16.9% of center wavelength at 5.2 μm, within one wafer by changing the grating period. 12 DFB QCL chips have being aged for 3000 h under 25°C and a constant quasi-CW current of 0.37 A. No decrease in power was observed.
Experiments on the low frequency barrier characteristics of cellular metamaterial panels in a diffuse sound field (2017)

The metamaterial under investigation here consists of a periodic arrangement of unit plates in a grid-like frame such that there is a contrast in the local areal mass between cell interior and cell wall. In the low frequency range and under normal incidence this metamaterial panel exhibits a sound transmission loss significantly larger than the transmission loss of an unstructured panel with the same homogeneous mass per unit area. However, when the incident sound field is diffuse, the relative advantage of the metamaterial barrier is reduced or eliminated. A sequence of experiments is documented to demonstrate that the relative advantage of the metamaterial barrier can be realized even in a diffuse sound field by creating a hybrid barrier system which embeds the metamaterial layer between a normalizing waveguide layer on the incident side and an absorbing layer on the transmitted side. The sound normalizing waveguide layer is a lattice structure, and the absorbing layer is high performance glass fiber mat. By using measurements of the transmission loss of a 1.2 m square panel system the role of each of these components is demonstrated.