gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Head movement estimation for wearable eye tracker (2004)

In the study of eye movements in natural tasks, where subjects are able to freely move in their environment, it is desirable to capture a video of the surroundings of the subject not limited to a small field of view as obtained by the scene camera of an eye tracker. Moreover, recovering the head movements could give additional information about the type of eye movement that was carried out, the overall gaze change in world coordinates, and insight into high-order perceptual strategies. Algorithms for the classification of eye movements in such natural tasks could also benefit form the additional head movement data.We propose to use an omnidirectional vision sensor consisting of a small CCD video camera and a hyperbolic mirror. The camera is mounted on an ASL eye tracker and records an image sequence at 60 Hz. Several algorithms for the extraction of rotational motion from this image sequence were implemented and compared in their performance against the measurements of a Fasttrack magnetic tracking system. Using data from the eye tracker together with the data obtained by the omnidirectional image sensor, a new algorithm for the classification of different types of eye movements based on a Hidden-Markov-Model was developed.
Ultrasensitive Magnetometer using a Single Atom (2016)

Precision sensing, and in particular high precision magnetometry, is a central goal of research into quantum technologies. For magnetometers, often trade-offs exist between sensitivity, spatial resolution, and frequency range. The precision, and thus the sensitivity of magnetometry, scales as 1/sqrt[T_{2}] with the phase coherence time T_{2} of the sensing system playing the role of a key determinant. Adapting a dynamical decoupling scheme that allows for extending T_{2} by orders of magnitude and merging it with a magnetic sensing protocol, we achieve a measurement sensitivity even for high frequency fields close to the standard quantum limit. Using a single atomic ion as a sensor, we experimentally attain a sensitivity of 4.6 pT/sqrt[Hz] for an alternating-current magnetic field near 14 MHz. Based on the principle demonstrated here, this unprecedented sensitivity combined with spatial resolution in the nanometer range and tunability from direct current to the gigahertz range could be used for magnetic imaging in as of yet inaccessible parameter regimes.
Structure and Function of the Ion Channel ICln (2000)

Normal function of organs and cells is tightly linked to the cytoarchitecture. Control of the cell volume is therefore vital for the organism. A widely established strategy of cells to counteract swelling is the activation of chloride and potassium channels, which leads to a net efflux of salt followed by water - a process termed regulatory volume decrease. Since there is evidence for swelling-dependent chloride channels (IClswell) being activated also during pathological processes, the identification of the molecular entity underlying IClswell is of utmost importance. Several proteins are discussed as the channel forming IClswell, i.e. phospholemman, p-glycoprotein, CLC-3 and ICln. In this review we would like to focus on the properties of ICln, a protein cloned from a Madin Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell library whose expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes resulted in a nucleotide sensitive outwardly rectifying chloride current closely resembling the biophysical properties of IClswell.
High-throughput protein structure determination using grid computing (2009)

Determining the X-ray crystallographic structures of proteins using the technique of molecular replacement (MR) can be a time and labor-intensive trial-and-error process, involving evaluating tens to hundreds of possible solutions to this complex 3D jigsaw puzzle. For challenging cases indicators of success often do not appear until the later stages of structure refinement, meaning that weeks or even months could be wasted evaluating MR solutions that resist refinement and do not lead to a final structure. In order to improve the chances of success as well as decrease this timeframe, we have developed a novel grid computing approach that performs many MR calculations in parallel, speeding up the process of structure determination from weeks to hours. This high-throughput approach also allows parameter sweeps to be performed in parallel, improving the chances of MR success.
Enhanced production of β-alanine through co-expressing two different subtypes of l-aspartate-α-decarboxylase (2020)

β-Alanine (β-Ala) is an important intermediate with numerous applications in food and feed additives, pharmaceuticals, polymeric materials, and electroplating industries. Its biological production routes that employ L-aspartate-α-decarboxylase (ADC) as the key enzyme are attractive. In this study, we developed an efficient and environmentally safe method for β-Ala production by co-expressing two different subtypes of ADC. A bacterial ADC from Bacillus subtilis (BSADC) and an insect ADC from Tribolium castaneum (TCADC) use pyruvoyl and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) as cofactor, respectively. 3050 mM (271.5 g/L) β-Ala was achieved from L-aspartic acid by using the whole-cell biocatalyst co-expressing BSADC and TCADC, corresponding to a conversion rate of 92.4%. Meanwhile, one-pot synthesis of β-Ala from fumaric acid through using a tri-enzyme cascade route with two different subtypes of ADC and L-aspartase (AspA) from Escherichia coli was established. 2250 mM (200.3 g/L) β-Ala was obtained from fumaric acid with a conversion rate of 90.0%. This work proposes a novel strategy that improves β-Ala production in the decarboxylation pathway of L-aspartic acid.
The BCR-Associated Tyrosine Kinase SYK Is Linked to the Activation of AKT in Mantle Cell Lymphoma. (2007)

Abstract Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is comprised of two major clinical-pathologic subtypes, the more common typical MCL and the blastoid variant (bv-MCL). We recently demonstrated that the PI3K/AKT pathway is preferentially activated in bv-MCL. In all bv-MCL cases, activated phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) expression was accompanied by the phosphorylation of downstream targets, and pharmacological inhibition of the pathway abrogated or reduced the phosphorylation of AKT and its targets and resulted in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Activation of the pathway was neither the result of mutations in the p110 PI3K catalytic subunit, nor the loss of the negative regulator PTEN, in the majority of cases. Since the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway has been shown to be a major activator of the AKT pathway via SYK/PI3K interactions, the goal of the current study was to gain insight into its possible role in MCL. Initial studies revealed activated SYK in 4 MCL cell lines studied, and immunoprecipitation studies showed a linkage between SYK, the adaptor protein BCAP, and the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3K. To analyze a possible causal connection between SYK and AKT activation, we used both a classical inhibitor approach [piceatannol and SYK-II (Calbiochem)] and a targeted gene knockdown approach employing a lentiviral mirRNA delivery system in two cell lines (Z138C and Granta 519). Functional knock-down and downstream effects were analyzed by western blotting, assessment of PIP3 levels, MTT-test, and flow-cytometry. Using the two approaches, we could block the activation of PI3K/AKT pathway and phosphorylation of AKT downstream targets in the two MCL cell lines, indicating the importance of the B-cell receptor associated SYK kinase in activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Activation of BCR signaling components, including SYK, PLCγ2, and LYN, were then assessed by western blotting in 28 primary MCL cases (12 typical and 16 blastoid). Phosphorylated (active) SYK and PLCγ2 (a direct SYK target) were detected in all 28 primary cases (12 blastoid and 16 typical). Surprisingly, there were no significant differences between the two groups, despite the difference in their AKT status. However, there was a distinct difference in the activation state of LYN, as assessed by its phosphorylation at Tyr 396, which was correlated with AKT activation. While Tyr 396 was phosphorylated in the majority of typical MCL, the converse was true for the bv-MCL and cell lines, suggesting that LYN was inactive in the latter. Although LYN has been shown to have both positive and negative roles in BCR activation, the net effect of loss of LYN activity is hyperactivation of B-cell signaling. Given the consistent effect of SYK inhibition on the activity of the PI3K/AKT pathway in the cell lines, we hypothesize that loss of a negative regulator downstream of SYK, possibly LYN, is additionally required to allow activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway in MCL.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization/SiC Activation Reaction for the Synthesis of Siloles (2014)

Abstract Siloles represent an important emerging class of photoluminescent materials. Reported herein is a new synthetic strategy involving a tandem cyclization/SiC activation reaction featuring high efficiency, wide substrate scope, and practical utility. This method enabled the first synthesis of benzofuran siloles as well as rapid access to conjugated siloles. During the course of the study we also uncovered an unusual yet general SiC(sp 2 ) activation in the presence of π acids.
Noncanonical Wnt signaling plays an important role in modulating canonical Wnt-regulated stemness, proliferation and terminal differentiation of hepatic progenitors (2017)

The liver provides vital metabolic, exocrine and endocrine functions in the body as such pathological conditions of the liver lead to high morbidity and mortality. The liver is highly regenerative and contains facultative stem cells that become activated during injury to replicate to fully recover mass and function. Canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays an important role in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of liver progenitor cells during liver regeneration. However, possible roles of noncanonical Wnts in liver development and regeneration remain undefined. We previously established a reversibly-immortalized hepatic progenitor cell line (iHPx), which retains hepatic differentiation potential. Here, we analyze the expression pattern of the essential components of both canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling pathways at different postnatal stages of mouse liver tissues and iHPx cells. We find that noncanonical Wnt4, Wnt5a, Wnt9b, Wnt10a and Wnt10b, are highly expressed concordantly with the high levels of canonical Wnts in late stages of liver tissues. Wnt5a, Wnt9b, Wnt10a and Wnt10b are able to antagonize Wnt3a-induced β-catenin/TCF activity, reduce the stemness of iHPx cells, and promote hepatic differentiation of liver progenitors. Stem cell implantation assay demonstrates that Wnt5a, Wnt9b, Wnt10a and Wnt10b can inhibit cell proliferation and promote hepatic differentiation of the iHPx progenitor cells. Our results strongly suggest that noncanonical Wnts may play an important role in fine-tuning Wnt/β-catenin functions during liver development and liver regeneration. Thus, understanding regulatory mechanisms governing proliferation and differentiation of liver progenitor cells may hold great promise to facilitate liver regeneration and/or progenitor cell-based therapies for liver diseases.
Devil's staircase route to chaos in a non‐linear circuit (1986)

Abstract A driven second‐order negative‐resistance oscillator circuit has been observed experimentally to exhibit infinitely many distinct chaotic states in addition to infinitely many subharmonic responses of all orders. Each chaotic state is found to be born out of a devil's staircase whose steps are spaced in accordance with a definite period‐adding law . Each devil's staircase emerges at some level of frequency‐tuning resolution, where each level is embedded within an outer level, ad infinitum . The global bifurcation structure is self‐similar in the sense that upon rescaling, the devil's staircases appear to be clones of each other.
An ethical examination of the Internet Census 2012 dataset: A menlo report case study (2014)

In 2012, an anonymous individual used basic techniques such as default or no passwords on Internet access equipment to get unauthorized access and install a scanning botnet on hundreds of thousands of commodity network devices around the world. Making efforts to minimize potential harm, this individual still took actions that would never be sanctioned by an academic ethics review board (and violated computer trespass statutes around the globe), to perform an unprecedented internet-wide scan at a scale and speed never seen before. Then, some results and the raw data were published for anyone to access, raising a host of ethical and legal questions. One central question is whether researchers who, but for the illegally obtained data, could not ethically or legally perform the same experiment or produce the same data themselves should use that data. Might the lack of community condemnation for performing such potentially illegal and unethical experiments create a situation where researchers are effectively encouraging law breaking by those willing to risk getting caught to create data that is otherwise not justifiable to create, simply to allow researchers to get around ethical restrictions? In this paper we examine this event in the context of the guiding principles outlined in the Menlo Report in an attempt to better understand the ethical implications of such actions.
STIRLING CYCLE ENGINE DEVELOPMENT: A REVIEW (1975)

The elementary concepts of Stirling cycle machines, their historical development to date, and possible future applications are discussed. The high efficiency, versatility, low pollution, and nondiscriminatory energy input requirements of Stirling machines assures them of a place in the spectrum of thermal devices -- both as prime movers and for heating and cooling purposes. (Author)
Activity Profiles and Positional Differences of Handball Players During the World Championships in Qatar 2015 (2016)

Specific physical conditioning is necessary to maximize performance of handball players and minimize the occurrence of fatigue when performing in long tournaments.
Data Fusion for a Surveillance System: Addressing Some Practical Problems (2006)

This paper presents solutions for some data fusion problems encountered in a real life command and control system and outlines the systems engineering approach used while addressing these problems. The systems engineering approach takes into account the functionality and the capabilities of the system, operational and user aspects, safety and security, subsystem interfaces, sustainability and design constraints. The system comprises several sensor points scattered around a vast region that collect radar plots and produce tracks and two central command points that receive these tracks and process them. The processing of tracks involve carrying the tracks obtained from geographically dispersed sensors onto a common reference point (e.g. coordinate conversion and registration), fusing the tracks originating from the same target provide full air picture of the surveillance region. Also, the proposed system reproduces the track states and corresponding covariance matrix from the track quality information.
Digests of protein augment acid-induced canine pancreatic secretion (1982)

To study interactions between intraluminal acid and protein digests, six dogs with chronic gastric and pancreatic fistulas received three sets of intestinal perfusates. The first set contained HCl (1, 2, or 4 mmol/50 ml) and 64 mM D- or L-phenylalanine. The second set contained HCl plus either intact or pepsin-digested bovine serum albumin (BSA); the BSA and HCl were varied so that each 50 ml contained 1, 2, or 4 meq of acid titratable from an initial pH of 2.0 to an end-point pH of 4.5. The third set was identical to the second set except for an initial pH of 3.5. All perfusates were adjusted to 300 mosM and randomly infused at 200 ml/h. L-Phenylalanine enhanced acid-induced bicarbonate and protein outputs, as did pH 2.0 BSA digests. At pH 3.5, only acid-induced protein output was augmented by BSA digests. In additional studies, undigested or digested BSA at pH 7.0 was infused with secretin (82 pmol.kg-1.h-1). Only digested BSA enhanced secretin-induced pancreatic secretion. We conclude that there is an important, albeit complex, interaction between the intestinal acid stimulus and the protein digest stimulus on pancreatic secretion.
Unifying Local and Global Agreement and Disagreement Classification in Online Debates (2012)

The effects of braided architecture and co-braided hybrid structure on low-velocity response of carbon-aramid hybrid three-dimensional five-directional (3D5d) braided composites were experimentally investigated in this study. Low-velocity impact was conducted on two types of hybridization and one pure carbon fiber braided reinforced composites under three velocities. Damage morphologies after low-velocity impact were detected by microscopy and ultrasonic nondestructive testing. Interior damages of composites were highly dependent on yarn type and alignment. Impact damage tolerance was introduced to evaluate the ductility of hybrid composites. Maximum impact load and toughness changed with impact velocity and constituent materials of the composites. The composite with aramid fiber as axial yarn and carbon fiber as braiding yarn showed the best impact resistance due to the synergistic effect of both materials. Wavelet transform was applied in frequency and time domain analyses to reflect the failure mode and mechanism of hybrid 3D5d braided composites. Aramid fibers were used either as axial yarns or braiding yarns, aiding in the effective decrease in the level of initial damage. In particular, when used as axial yarns, aramid fibers effectively mitigate the level of damage during damage evolution.
Cytochrome P-450 lA1 genotype in lung cancer patients and controls in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. (1994)

Mspl restriction fragment length polymorphism in cytochrome P-450 IA1 (CypIA1) gene, which has been associated with lung cancer susceptibility in Japanese, was studied in persons from Rio de Janeiro, in the framework of a hospital-based, age, race (black or nonblack), and gender-matched case-control study (n = 222; 110 cases and 112 controls). Contrary to the hypothesis, there was no difference in the frequency of the C genotype (Mspl site-present homozygous), even after racial breakdown. There were no significant differences between cases and controls when categorized according to tobacco consumption. The lifetime quantity of tobacco smoked was not different among lung cancer patients with three different genotypes (A, Mspl site-absent, homozygous; B, heterozygote; and C). The background frequency of the Mspl polymorphism C genotype is a little less than 10%, similar to that of the Japanese healthy population. The CyplA1 Mspl polymorphism itself does not seem to be related to susceptibility to bronchial carcinogenesis in this area.
Lack of Interferon Production by Dipyridamole (1988)

Dipyridamole, previously reported to be an interferon (IFN) inducer in mice, was evaluated in 43 normal volunteers or cancer patients. At doses ranging from 150 mg orally to 887 mg intravenously, no serum antiviral activity suggesting IFN induction was observed.
Establishment and Characterization of Seven Dunning Rat Prostatic Cancer Cell Lines and Their Use in Developing Methods for Predicting Metastatic Abilities of Prostatic Cancers (1987)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Jun 1987Establishment and Characterization of Seven Dunning Rat Prostatic Cancer Cell Lines and Their Use in Developing Methods for Predicting Metastatic Abilities of Prostatic Cancers J.T. Isaacs, W.B. Isaacs, W.F.J. Feitz, and J. Scheres J.T. IsaacsJ.T. Isaacs More articles by this author , W.B. IsaacsW.B. Isaacs More articles by this author , W.F.J. FeitzW.F.J. Feitz More articles by this author , and J. ScheresJ. Scheres More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)44497-1AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Establishment and Characterization of Seven Dunning Rat Prostatic Cancer Cell Lines and Their Use in Developing Methods for Predicting Metastatic Abilities of Prostatic Cancers." The Journal of Urology, 137(6), p. 1314 © 1987 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 137Issue 6June 1987Page: 1314 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1987 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information J.T. Isaacs More articles by this author W.B. Isaacs More articles by this author W.F.J. Feitz More articles by this author J. Scheres More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Chloramphenicol, an inhibitor of mitochondrial protein synthesis, inhibits myoblast fusion and myotube differentiation. (1993)

Chloramphenicol (100 micrograms/ml), an inhibitor of mitochondrial protein synthesis, inhibits the fusion of myoblasts isolated from chick embryo pectoral muscle in both, serum supplemented and serum-free culture conditions. This inhibition of myotube formation appeared reversible only in the defined media. Tryptose phosphate broth and nucleosides, when added in the presence of chloramphenicol, were able to restore the cell capacity to proliferate but not to fuse and differentiate.
Involvement of Heat Shock Factor 1 in Statin-Induced Transcriptional Upregulation of Endothelial Thrombomodulin (2008)

Statins upregulate endothelial thrombomodulin (TM) by mechanisms that involve members of the Kruppel-like factor family. Although Kruppel-like factors are unequivocally implicated in this process, experimental evidence points to additional mechanisms. Deletion/mutation analysis of reporter constructs was used to demonstrate that mutation of the SP1/Kruppel-like factor element in the TM promoter only partially abolishes statin-induced TM upregulation, whereas simultaneous mutation of relevant heat shock elements and SP1/Kruppel-like factor element completely prevents statin-induced TM upregulation, thus demonstrating a role for heat shock factors (HSFs). We further identified the pathway by which statins increase binding of HSF1 to heat shock elements in the TM promoter. Specifically, statins caused NO-dependent dissociation of HSF1 from heat shock protein 90, nuclear translocation of HSF1, and binding to heat shock elements in the TM promoter. Statins also decreased nuclear content of the HSF1 chaperone 14-3-3beta. In addition to reducing TM upregulation, inhibition of HSF1 reduced statin-induced upregulation of tissue plasminogen activator, whereas downregulation of thrombomospondin, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, or connective tissue growth factor was unaffected. Knockdown of 14-3-3beta or inhibition of HSF1 phosphorylation enhanced the effect of statins on TM and tissue plasminogen activator, but did not influence thrombomospondin, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, or connective tissue growth factor. These data demonstrate that HSF1 is involved in statin-induced regulation of TM. They also suggest that analogous mechanisms may apply to genes that are upregulated by statins, but not to downregulated genes. These results may have broad implications and suggest the use of heat shock protein modulators to selectively regulate pleiotropic statin effects.
SCADA Cyber Security Testbed Development (2006)

New technologies are increasing the vulnerability of the power system to cyber security threats. Dealing with these threats and determining vulnerabilities is an important task for utilities. This paper presents the development of a testbed designed to assess the vulnerabilities introduced by using public networks for communication.