gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bimetallic coordination networks based on Al(acacCN)3: a building block between inertness and lability (2012)

The Al(III) complex of 3-cyanopentane-2,4-dionate (acacCN) features peripheric nitrile groups which may coordinate to silver cations. As the Al(acacCN)(3) building block ranges between inertness and lability, its reactivity towards Ag(I) salts depends on the solvent and the weakly or non-coordinating counter anions; an impressive range of different extended structures has been encountered. With AgPF(6), the original building block is retained and hexafluorophosphate remains uncoordinated. A highly symmetric 3D crystalline solid forms in the presence of trichloromethane, and with benzene a tetrasolvate with large solvent-filled voids is obtained. Two different classes of reaction products with silver triflate have been observed. In addition to networks incorporating Al(acacCN)(3), partial solvolysis may lead to a dinuclear methoxide-bridged derivative. The resulting Al(2)(μ-OMe)(2) core may be perceived as a four-connected node in a self-interpenetrating 3D network. Earlier studies reported transmetalation for the reaction of Al(acacCN)(3) with AgNO(3) and we find the same reactivity for silver tetrafluoroborate. Full degradation of the Al(III) building block with formation of [Ag(acacCN)] is observed.
Data from Engineering the Brain Tumor Microenvironment Enhances the Efficacy of Dendritic Cell Vaccination: Implications for Clinical Trial Design (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a deadly primary brain tumor. Clinical trials for GBM using dendritic cell (DC) vaccination resulted in antitumor immune responses. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that combining &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; (intratumoral) Ad-Flt3L/Ad-TK–mediated gene therapy with DC vaccination would increase therapeutic efficacy and antitumor immunity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We first assessed the immunogenicity of tumor lysates generated by Ad-TK (+GCV), temozolomide (TMZ), or freeze/thawing cycles (FTC) in a syngeneic brain tumor model. We also assessed phenotypic markers, cytokine release, and phagocytosis of bone marrow–derived DCs generated by fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) + IL-6 or by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin (IL) 4. Inhibition of tumor progression and production of anti-GBM antibodies was assessed following vaccination with (i) tumor cell lysates, (ii) DCs generated with either Flt3L/IL-6 or GM-CSF/IL-4 loaded with either Ad-TK/GCV-, TMZ-, or FTC-generated tumor lysates, or (iii) DCs in combination with &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; Ad-Flt3L/Ad-TK gene therapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; DCs loaded with tumor cell lysates generated with either Ad-TK/GCV or TMZ led to increased levels of phagocytosis, therapeutic efficacy, and humoral immune response. &lt;i&gt;In situ&lt;/i&gt; immunogene therapy in combination with DC vaccination led to brain tumor regression and long-term survival in about 90% of animals, a significant increase when compared with either therapy alone.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Our results indicate that modifying the tumor microenvironment using intratumoral Ad-Flt3L/Ad-TK–mediated gene therapy potentiates therapeutic efficacy and antitumor immunity induced by DC vaccination. These data support novel phase I clinical trials to assess the safety and efficacy of this combined approach. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 17(14); 4705–18. ©2011 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Identification of the major physiologic phosphorylation site of human keratin 18: potential kinases and a role in filament reorganization. (1994)

There is ample in vitro evidence that phosphorylation of intermediate filaments, including keratins, plays an important role in filament reorganization. In order to gain a better understanding of the function of intermediate filament phosphorylation, we sought to identify the major phosphorylation site of human keratin polypeptide 18 (K18) and study its role in filament assembly or reorganization. We generated a series of K18 ser-->ala mutations at potential phosphorylation sites, followed by expression in insect cells and comparison of the tryptic 32PO4-labeled patterns of the generated constructs. Using this approach, coupled with Edman degradation of the 32PO4-labeled tryptic peptides, and comparison with tryptic peptides analyzed after labeling normal human colonic tissues, we identified ser-52 as the major K18 physiologic phosphorylation site. Ser-52 in K18 is not glycosylated and matches consensus sequences for phosphorylation by CAM kinase, S6 kinase and protein kinase C, and all these kinases can phosphorylate K18 in vitro predominantly at that site. Expression of K18 ser-52-->ala mutant in mammalian cells showed minimal phosphorylation but no distinguishable difference in filament assembly when compared with wild-type K18. In contrast, the ser-52 mutation played a clear but nonexclusive role in filament reorganization, based on analysis of filament alterations in cells treated with okadaic acid or arrested at the G2/M stage of the cell cycle. Our results show that ser-52 is the major physiologic phosphorylation site of human K18 in interphase cells, and that its phosphorylation may play an in vivo role in filament reorganization.
Development of the Mouse and Human Cochlea at Single Cell Resolution (2019)

Summary Hearing loss is a common and disabling condition, yet our understanding of the physiologic workings of the inner ear has been limited by longstanding difficulty characterizing the function and characteristics of the many diverse, fragile, and rare cell types in the cochlea. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing and a novel clustering algorithm, CellFindR, we created a developmental map of the mouse and human cochlea, identifying multiple previously undescribed cell types, progenitor populations, and predicted lineage relationships. We additionally associated the expression of known hearing loss genes to the cell types and developmental timepoints in which they are expressed. This work will serve as a resource for understanding the molecular basis of hearing and designing therapeutic approaches for hearing restoration.
Consideration of a New Type Two-Mass Flywheel (1991)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Recently two-mass flywheels have adopted in various types of engines to decrease torsional engine vibrations. A two-mass flywheel has a resonance frequency below the idle speed. Thus, it must be provided with an energy dissipating mechanism to avoid a resonance problem. Consequently, flywheel's damping effectiveness at practical engine speeds is decreased because the energy dissipating mechanism restricts relative displacement of the two-mass flywheel. In this work, a new prototype two-mass flywheel was evaluated and found to be effective in improving two important qualities of such devices; (1) its ability to decrease torsional vibrations (2) its ability to avoid resonance problems during engine startup.&lt;/div&gt;
Correction: Organic semiconductor perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI) electrodes for electrocatalytic reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide (2018)

Correction for 'Organic semiconductor perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI) electrodes for electrocatalytic reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide' by Magdalena Warczak et al., Chem. Commun., 2018, DOI: .
Enzymatic Synthesis of Two Fucose-Containing Glycolipids with Fucosyltransferases of Human Serum (1976)

Lacto-N-neotetraosylceramide incubated with human serum fucosyltransferase preparations gave rise to two fucoglycolipids. The faster migrating fucoglycolipid I on the basis of its thin-layer chromatographic, mobility, susceptibility to α(1→2) fucosidase from Trichomonas foetus, radioimmunoprecipitation with Ulex europeus lectin and studies with Oh (Bombay) sera was identified as H-active glycolipid (H-I). The most probable structure of fucoglycolipid II should be that with fucose linked α(1→3) to N-acetylglucosamine. Lactosylceramide, ceramide trihexoside and globoside were not substrates for human serum fucosyltransferases. Lacto-N-neotetraosyl ceramide served as a fucose acceptor for all serum preparations tested while asialoganglioside was a substrate only when serum preparations containing H-gene dependent α-2-l-fucosyltransferase were used. With asialoganglioside only one radioactive reaction product was formed.
Synthesis and Antitumor Activities of Mitomycin C (1.RAR.3)-.BETA.-D-Glucan Conjugate. (1992)

The conjugate of mitomycin C (MMC) with linear (1----3)-beta-D-glucan from Alcaligenes faecalis var. myxogenes IFO 13140 was synthesized and its antitumor activities investigated. The conjugate (MMC-carboxymethylated linear (1----3)-beta-D-glucan (CMPS)) was obtained by treatment of CMPS with MMC in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide. In vitro cytotoxicity of MMC-CMPS against L1210 leukemia cells was similar to that of MMC. In i.p.-i.p. system in vivo against P388 leukemia in mice, the maximum increase of MMC-CMPS conjugate in life span (ILSmax) was higher than that of MMC but the therapeutic index was reduced. However, the antitumor activity of MMC-CMPS conjugate against subcutaneously implanted sarcoma 180 solid tumor in mice by i.p. administration was similar to that of MMC at a dose of 1.5 mg eq MMC/kg/d x 7 and the reduction of the number of leukocytes caused by MMC was suppressed by attaching MMC to CMPS. In addition, on assay using serum of sarcoma 180 solid tumor-bearing mice with injection of MMC-CMPS conjugate, a drastic loss of tumor cells and an increase in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) were observed. This result suggested that MMC-CMPS conjugate induced tumor-regressing factor similar to CMPS.
SKILL: Structured Knowledge Infusion for Large Language Models (2022)

Fedor Moiseev, Zhe Dong, Enrique Alfonseca, Martin Jaggi. Proceedings of the 2022 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. 2022.
Role of the Blood‐Brain Barrier in the Formation of Long‐Chain ω‐3 and ω‐6 Fatty Acids from Essential Fatty Acid Precursors (1990)

Elongated, more highly polyunsaturated derivatives of linoleic acid (18:2 omega-6) and linolenic acid (18:3 omega-3) accumulate in brain, but their sites of synthesis and mechanism of entry are not well characterized. To investigate the role of the blood-brain barrier in this process, cultured murine cerebromicrovascular endothelia were incubated with [1-14C]18:2 omega-6 or [1-14C]18:3 omega-3 and their elongation/desaturation products determined. The major metabolite of 18:2 omega-6 was 20:4 omega-6, whereas the primary product from 18:3 omega-3 was 20:5 omega-3. Although these products were found primarily in cell lipids, they were also released from the cells and gradually accumulated in the extracellular fluid. Eicosanoid production was observed from the 20:4 omega-6 and 20:5 omega-3 that were formed. No 22:5 omega-6 or 22:6 omega-3 fatty acids were detected, suggesting that these endothelial cells are not the site of the final desaturation step. Although the uptake of 18:3 omega-3 and 18:2 omega-6 was nearly identical, 18:3 omega-3 was more extensively elongated and desaturated. Competition experiments demonstrated a preference for 18:3 omega-3 by the elongation/desaturation pathway. These findings suggest that the blood-brain barrier can play an important role in the elongation and desaturation of omega-3 and omega-6 essential fatty acids during their transfer from the circulation into the brain.
Acquired Resistance ofEGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer to a T790M-Specific EGFR Inhibitor (2015)

EGFR-mutant lung cancers represent a paradigm for the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to treat molecular subsets of cancer, with randomized trials demonstrating the efficacy of first-generation, reversible epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) TKIs. However, acquired resistance invariably develops, and rebiopsy of patients with clinical progression has elucidated EGFR T790M mutation as the major resistance mechanism.1

To address this clinical challenge, third-generation pyrimidine-based EGFR TKIs have been designed to have selectivity for EGFR T790M over wild-type EGFR.2 They form a covalent bond with cysteine 797 in the adenosine triphosphate–binding cleft. Early-phase clinical trials have demonstrated their efficacy in patients with double-mutant tumors (EGFR L858R/T790M and ex19del/T790M) and acquired resistance to first-generation EGFR inhibitors.3 Specificity for EGFR T790M may be the result of hydrophobic interactions between the bulky methionine moiety of EGFR T790M and these pyrimidine-based drugs.

Mechanisms of resistance to these third-generation EGFR TKIs have been identified in preclinical in vitro models, but none have so far been identified in patients. Mutations at the EGFR C797 codon, located within the kinase-binding site, are a predicted resistance mechanism to irreversible EGFR inhibitors also confirmed in vitro.4 Loss of the potential for covalent bond formation at position 797 by the missense mutation C797S results in a markedly reduced cellular potency of this class of TKIs.5 Interestingly, an analogous cysteine-to-serine mutation is a mechanism of resistance to the irreversible Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.6
[Clinical aspects and risk stratification of acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation]. (2003)

The clinical classification of acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation has long been a topic of debate. Braunwald's classification, however, is now widely adopted and permits to recognize the most severe forms of acute coronary syndromes. Risk stratification is essential and is based upon clinical and biological markers. Among them, recent and repeated anginal attacks, ST-segment modifications on admission electrocardiogram, and increased markers of myonecrosis (particularly increased troponine levels) are strong predictors of untoward outcome. These variables can be used to construct risk scores, among which the Timi risk score is the most widely used.
Optimum Surface Profile for the Enclosed Pocket Hydrodynamic Gas Thrust Bearing (1970)

Abstract The relative importance, with respect to load-carrying capacity, of each geometrical parameter in a self-lubricated thrust bearing, with an enclosed pocket, is examined at Λ = 0.55. The bearing geometries, including the pocket configurations, for three types of film profiles are optimized. The film profiles in the pocket considered are flat-step, tapered, and taper-step, Fig. 1. Of these three profiles of film, the taper-step film, in an enclosed-pocket bearing, offers the best load-carrying capacity. The variations of load versus each geometrical parameter are shown graphically to facilitate design procedure. These results are obtained from the solution of Reynold’s equation for a compressible fluid film as approximated by the finite-difference method [5]. The load-carrying capacity of an enclosed-pocket bearing with taper-step profile can be significantly higher than that of a bearing with the spiral-grooved pattern under the conditions investigated.
Experimental characterization of an uniaxial angle cut whispering gallery mode resonator (2013)

The usual configuration of uniaxial whispering gallery mode resonators is a disk shaped geometry where the optic axis points along the symmetry axis, a so called z-cut resonator. Recently x-cut resonators, where the optic axis lies in the equatorial plane, became of interest as they enable extremely broadband second harmonic generation. In this paper we report on the properties of a more generalized system, the so called angle-cut resonator, where the optic axis exhibits an arbitrary angle against the symmetry axis. We show experimentally that the modal structure and quality factors are similar to common resonators but that the polarization properties differ quite significantly: due to the asymmetry the polarization depends on the equatorial position and is, in general, elliptical.
A study of structural development in the high speed spinning of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (1983)

Abstract In recent years the spinning speeds of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fiber have increased to the point that significant structural development is being observed in the spun yarn. At even higher speeds significant crystallization has been obtained. Data characterizing these yarns will be presented and discussed showing the development of crystals and that the onset of this phenomena is related to the stress at the “freeze point.” The “freeze point” rises from around T g at low speeds to the order of 200°C at high speeds. The spinline itself has been characterized by velocity and orientation profiles which show the crystallization process is extremely rapid, occurring over a few centimenters of the spinline.
Modified MXene/Holey Graphene Films for Advanced Supercapacitor Electrodes with Superior Energy Storage (2018)

MXene films are attractive for advanced supercapacitor electrodes requiring high volumetric energy density due to their high redox capacitance combined with extremely high packing density. However, the self-restacking of MXene flakes unavoidably decreases the volumetric performance, mass loading, and rate capability. Herein, a simple strategy is developed to prepare a flexible and free-standing modified MXene/holey graphene film by filtration of the alkalized MXene and holey graphene oxide dispersions, followed by a mild annealing treatment. After terminal groups (-F/-OH) are removed, the increased proportion of Ti atoms enables more pseudocapacitive reaction. Meanwhile, the embedded holey graphene effectively prevents the self-restacking of MXene and forms a high nanopore connectivity network, which is able to immensely accelerate the ion transport and shorten transport pathways for both ion and electron. When applied as electrode materials for supercapacitors, it can deliver an ultrahigh volumetric capacitance (1445 F cm<sup>-3</sup>) at 2 mV s<sup>-1</sup>, excellent rate capability, and high mass loading. In addition, the assembled symmetric supercapacitor demonstrates a fantastic volumetric energy density (38.6 Wh L<sup>-1</sup>), which is the highest value reported for MXene-based electrodes in aqueous electrolytes. This work opens a new avenue for the further exploration of MXene materials in energy storage devices.
Stochastic Estimation of Multi-Variable Human Ankle Mechanical Impedance (2009)

This article presents preliminary stochastic estimates of the multi-variable human ankle mechanical impedance. We employed Anklebot, a rehabilitation robot for the ankle, to provide torque perturbations. Time histories of the torques in Dorsi-Plantar flexion (DP) and Inversion-Eversion (IE) directions and the associated angles of the ankle were recorded. Linear time-invariant transfer functions between the measured torques and angles were estimated for the Anklebot and when the Anklebot was worn by a human subject. The difference between these impedance functions provided an estimate of the mechanical impedance of the ankle. High coherence was observed over a frequency range up to 30 Hz, indicating that this procedure yielded an accurate measure of ankle mechanical impedance in DP and IE directions.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
Performance statistics of a head-operated force-reflecting rehabilitation robot system (1998)

Researchers in the rehabilitation engineering community have been designing and developing a variety of passive/active devices to help persons with limited upper extremity function to perform essential daily manipulations. Devices range from low-end tools such as head/mouth sticks to sophisticated robots using vision and speech input. While almost all of the high-end equipment developed to date relies on visual feedback alone to guide the user providing no tactile or proprioceptive cues, the "low-tech" head/mouth sticks deliver better "feel," because of the inherent force feedback through physical contact with the user's body. However, the disadvantage of a conventional head/mouth stick is that it can only function in a limited workspace and the performance is limited by the user's strength. It therefore seems reasonable to attempt to develop a system that exploits the advantages of the two approaches: the power and flexibility of robotic systems with the sensory feedback of a headstick. The system presented in this paper reflects the design philosophy stated above. This system contains a pair of master-slave robots with the master being operated by the user's head and the slave acting as a telestick. Described in this paper are the design, control strategies, implementation and performance evaluation of the head-controlled force-reflecting telestick system.
Temperature Dependence of Plasma−Catalysis Using a Nonthermal, Atmospheric Pressure Packed Bed; the Destruction of Benzene and Toluene (2007)

A nonthermal, atmospheric pressure, packed-bed plasma reactor has been used to study the effect of temperature on the plasma−catalytic destruction of toluene and benzene in air. The plasma reactor was packed with BaTiO3 beads to which TiO2, γ-Al2O3, and Ag, Pt, or Pd impregnated catalysts were added. The reactor can be heated up to ∼500 °C, and the destruction efficiencies for toluene and benzene were determined for plasma alone, catalyst alone, and the combined plasma−catalyst configuration. Comparisons have been made to determine the relative contributions of the catalyst and plasma and to discover any synergistic effects. Plasma−catalysis shows greater destruction than catalysis alone with increasing temperature for both benzene and toluene. Catalysis alone has a threshold temperature of ∼300 °C for the destruction of toluene and benzene, but plasma−catalysis with Pd- and Pt-impregnated alumina achieves >95% destruction at this temperature and has a threshold of ∼100 °C. Toluene is more easily destroyed than benzene at all temperatures, by all catalysts.
PCC Wireless IP - Optimizing throughput and QoS over fading channels (2001)

The Wireless IP project within the PCC program studies problems that are crucial in the evolution of UMTS towards high data rates, as well as in future 4G technologies aimed at rapidly mobile terminals. The goal is to attain higher througputs for packet data in particular in downlinks, without bandwidth expansion and while providing acceptable quality of service for various classes of traffic. Two main techniques are investigated to accomplish this. First, the instantaneous channel quality of fast fading channels is measured and predicted for each user. These predictions are utilized in fast link adaptation and fast scheduling of different users who share a channel. Second, information is transferred between protocol layers to reduce inefficiencies. In particular, we study improvements of TCP that are aware of the state of wireless links, and that may be introduced in split connections. We also investigate the use in higher layers of soft information from the decoding in the link layer, possibly to create wireless-aware applications that use combined source and channel decoding.
Isolating Xenopus laevis Testes: Figure 1. (2007)

INTRODUCTIONThis protocol describes a method of isolating Xenopus laevis testes for use in in vitro fertilization. The testes from one male Xenopus contain sufficient sperm to fertilize several thousand eggs.