gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of dicistro-like viruses in the transcriptome data of Striga asiatica and other plants (2022)

Dicistroviruses (the family Dicistroviridae) are positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses of the order Picornavirales, which is a rapidly growing viral group. They have been detected in a wide range of animals, predominantly in insects and crustaceans. In this study, we identified the genome sequences of 14 dicistro-like viruses in the transcriptome data from 12 plant species, including Striga asiatica dicistro-like virus 1 and 2 identified in the transcriptome data of Striga asiatica. Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis indicated that these 14 plant-associated dicistro-like viruses were novel members of the family Dicistroviridae, five of which are placed within the genera Aparavirus and Cripavirus, which mainly consist of viruses infecting animals, including insects. The other nine plant dicistro-like viruses formed clades with unclassified dicistroviruses. Our study implies that a wide range of plant species may serve as hosts for dicistroviruses or reservoirs for their transmission. Keywords: dicistrovirus; Dicistroviridae; plant; transcriptome; Striga asiatica.
El impacto de la mentoría entre profesores universitarios en programas de aprendizaje-servicio (2019)

La metodología de aprendizaje-servicio (ApS) nos permite no solo trabajar con los alumnos aspectos académicos o curriculares, sino también, las partes social y moral posibilitando un aprendizaje global basado en la experiencia e imprescindible para la formación de buenos maestros. Por otro lado, además del alumnado, las experiencias ApS repercuten también en los docentes de una forma significativa, implicándoles de una manera directa y permitiéndoles sentirse satisfechos como profesionales al percibir cómo el alumnado considera útil lo aprendido dentro del aula. Por último, y como esencia de esta metodología, cabe destacar la gran ayuda que se presta a las entidades sociales con las que se trabaja, facilitando su labor y dándoles más visibilidad dentro de la sociedad. Liesa, M.; Cored, S.; Latorre, C.; Vázquez, S.; Revilla, A.
Synthesis and nonlinear optics characterization of DAST submicron crystals in polymerized thin films (2018)

Highly nonlinear optical 4-(4-dimethylaminostyryl)-1-methylpyridinium tosylate (DAST) crystals have been successfully grown in micron scale and have been fixed in polymerized mixture of isodecyl acrylate (IDA) and trimethylolpropane ethoxylate (1 EO/OH) methyl ether diacrylate (TMP). The formation of DAST crystals in polymerized thin film (2 &mu;m) was proceeded by three steps. Firstly, an evaporation of methanol during spincoating initiated crystalization. Secondly, polymerization by UV exposure in vacuum condition fixed crystals in matrix. Thirdly, annealing process at 80 &deg;C completed crystals growth. It was evidenced that the ratio of IDA:TMP monomers strongly influenced on DAST crystals size (from 10 microns to submicron scale) and hence influenced on properties. The absorption and luminescence spectra and the second-harmonic generation signal confirmed surface morphology of DAST crystals, which is responsible for second-order nonlinear properties. Thus created thin film with DAST crystals is promising candidate for nonlinear optical applications, in particular those employing the quasi-phase matching method.
Surface Complexation Modeling: Gibbsite (2010)

FOREWORD. PREFACE. CHAPTER 1 - Aluminum Oxides and Hydroxides under Environmental Conditions. 1. INTRODUCTION. 1.1 Occurrence of Aluminum Oxides and Hydroxides in the Subsurface. 1.2 Occurrence of Aluminum Oxides and Hydroxides in Surface Water. 1.3 Use of Aluminum Hydroxide in Water Treatment. 1.4 Summary. CHAPTER - Formation and Properties of Gibbsite and closely-related minerals. 2. Formation and properties of Gibbsite and closely-related minerals. 2.1 Al Polymerization Models. 2.2 Formation of Gibbsite and Other Al-Hydroxides and Oxyhydroxides. 2.3 Aluminum Hydroxide Polymorphs: Structure and Nomenclature. 2.4 Gibbsite. 2.5 Bayerite. 2.6 Nordstrandite. 2.7 Doyleite. 2.8 Other forms of aluminum oxides and oxyhydroxides. 2.9 Other forms that manufactured under high temperature and pressure. CHAPTER 3 - Types of Available Data. 3.1 Gibbsite Structure Verification. 3.2 Physical-Chemical Properties. 3.3 Acid-Base Titration Data. 3.4 Cation and Anion Sorption Data. 3.5 Spectroscopic Data for Sorption on Gibbsite. 3.6 Proton Release/Uptake Data. 3.7 Electrokinetic Data. 3.8 Summary. CHAPTER 4 - Data Compilation and Treatment Methods. 4.1 Collection of data. 4.2 Assessment of Data Quality. 4.3 Compilation of Surface Properties. 4.4 Extraction of Equilibrium Sorption Constants. 4.5 Optimal Fit Simulations. 4.6 Presentation of Results. CHAPTER 5 - Surface Properties of Gibbsite. 5.1 Surface Area. 5.2 Site Density. 5.3 Point of Zero Charge. 5.4 Surface Acid-Base Chemistry. 5.5 Effects of Dissolution on Gibbsite Surface Acid-Base Chemistry. 5.6 Summary. CHAPTER 6 - Cation Sorption on Gibbsite. 6.1 Modeling Methodology and Reactions. 6.2 Available Spectroscopic Data and Use in Modeling. 6.3 Copper. 6.4 Lead. 6.5 Cobalt. 6.6 Cadmium. 6.7 Manganese. 6.8 Iron. 6.9 Calcium. 6.10 Zinc. 6.11 Mercury. 6.12 Uranium. 6.13 Thorium. CHAPTER 7 - Anion Sorption on Gibbsite. 7.1 Modeling Methodology and Reactions. 7.2 Available Spectroscopic Data and Use in Modeling. 7.3 Phosphate. 7.4 Arsenate. 7.5 Arsenite. 7.6 Molybdate. 7.7 Selenate. 7.8 Chromate. 7.9 Borate. 7.10 Sulfate. 7.11 Fluoride. 7.12 Silicate. CHAPTER 8 - Coherence and Extrapolation of Results. 8.1 Cation Sorption on Gibbsite. 8.2 Anion Sorption on Gibbsite. 8.3 Comparison of Gibbsite surface complexation constants with those of Goethite, Hydrous Ferric Oxide and Hydrous Manganese Oxide. 8.4 Summary. REFERENCES. APPENDIX A. Summary of Experimental Details.
Regulación de la lesión de preservación y disfunción precoz del injerto sub-óptimo mediante cardiotrofina-1 en el transplante hepático experimental (2011)

La iniciativa consiste en proporcionar la materia prima. El proyecto, que se ha realizado con cerdos y ha tenido una duración de tres años, demuestra que la administración de Cardiotrofina-1 en el transplante hepático incrementa la supervivencia del animal, mejora su función cardiaca, respiratoria y renal, y también consigue reducir el daño hepatocelecuar y el estrés oxidativo y nitrosativo en el injerto.
Sentinel node detection in cervical cancer (2000)

Identification of sentinel nodes using radionuclide is possible in women with cervical cancer and potentially identifies women in whom lymph node dissection can be avoided.
CMOS-compatible multi-layered waveguide platform for silicon hybrid integrated circuits (2016)

We propose CMOS-compatible multi-layered waveguide system for silicon hybrid integration. Numerical simulation of vertical light coupling between different layers, and fabrication of dual-layered waveguide devices for multiple die-to-wafer bonding are performed, suggesting the integration feasibility.
Zwitterionic Relatives to the Classic [(P–P)Rh(solv)2]+ Ions: Neutral Catalysts Active for HE Bond Additions to Olefins (E=C, Si, B) (2003)

Formally zwitterionic bis(phosphanyl)- and bis(amino)borate rhodium(I) complexes (see picture) can catalytically mediate the hydrogenation, hydroacylation, hydroboration, and hydrosilation of double bonds. These neutral systems are shown to be highly active, even under conditions incompatible with their isostructural, but formally cationic, relatives.
Anatomy and physiology in delivery: can we define our targets? (1999)

Studies have shown that the receptors for beta-agonists, inflammatory markers, and mast cells are distributed throughout the airways. Thus topical delivery of drug for the management of asthma requires an even spread throughout the lungs. Particles of 2-5 microm in diameter have the greatest potential to be deposited throughout the lungs during inhalation, by impaction and sedimentation. Inhaled products, therefore, are formulated such that almost half of the dose emitted during inhalation contains particles less than 5 microm in diameter. This is known as the fine-particle dose. Studies in adults (volunteers and asthmatic patients), using radiolabeling techniques, have shown that although the amount of drug deposited in the airways (total lung dose) from different inhaled products varies, the percentages of this amount distributed throughout the central, intermediate, and peripheral zones are fairly consistent. All that varies, therefore, is the density of the spread. Studies in children indicate that lung deposition is lower than in adults. Nevertheless, all factors which affect lung deposition in adults do so also in children. The lower lung deposition in children indicates the use of adult doses, and the importance of inhaler device and of inhalation technique. The even distribution of inhaled drug throughout the required therapeutic areas highlights the importance of the total lung dose.
Use of intrinsic modes in biology: Examples of indicial response of pulmonary blood pressure to ± step hypoxia (1998)

Recently, a new method to analyze biological nonstationary stochastic variables has been presented. The method is especially suitable to analyze the variation of one biological variable with respect to changes of another variable. Here, it is illustrated by the change of the pulmonary blood pressure in response to a step change of oxygen concentration in the gas that an animal breathes. The pressure signal is resolved into the sum of a set of oscillatory intrinsic mode functions, which have zero "local mean," and a final nonoscillatory mode. With this device, we obtain a set of "mean trends," each of which represents a "mean" in a definitive sense, and together they represent the mean trend systematically with different degrees of oscillatory content. Correspondingly, the oscillatory content of the signal about any mean trend can be represented by a set of partial sums of intrinsic mode functions. When the concept of "indicial response function" is used to describe the change of one variable in response to a step change of another variable, we now have a set of indicial response functions of the mean trends and another set of indicial response functions to describe the energy or intensity of oscillations about each mean trend. Each of these can be represented by an analytic function whose coefficients can be determined by a least-squares curve-fitting procedure. In this way, experimental results are stated sharply by analytic functions.
Kinetic Inductance Photodetectors Based on Nonequilibrium Response in Superconducting Thin-Film Structures (2001)

While experimental studies of kinetic-inductance sensors have been limited so far by the temperature range near the superconducting transition, these detectors can be very sensitivity at temperatures well below the transition, where the number of equilibrium quasiparticles is exponentially small. In this regime, a shift of the quasiparticle chemical potential under radiation results in the change of the kinetic inductance, which can be measured by a sensitive SQUID readout. We modeled the kinetic inductance response of detectors made from disordered superconducting Nb, NbC, and MoRe films. Low phonon transparency of the interface between the superconductor and the substrate causes substantial re-trapping of phonons providing high quantum efficiency and the operating time of approximately 1 ms at 1 K. Due to the small number of quasiparticles, the noise equivalent power of the detector determined by the quasiparticle generation-recombination noise can be as small as approximately 10(exp -19) W/Hz(exp 1/2) at He4 temperatures.
Relativistic plasma microwave electronics: Studies of high-power plasma-filled backward-wave oscillators (1992)

The area of relativistic plasma microwave electronics has only recently generated renewed interest. New experimental data are presented demonstrating that the presence of a low-density background plasma in a relativistic backward-wave oscillator leads to several beneficial effects, including (a) enhanced interaction efficiency (40%), (b) operation at very low and possibly zero guiding magnetic field, (c) tunability by controlling the plasma density, (d) high degree of spectral coherency, and (e) operation well above the vacuum limiting current.
Performance Evaluation of Turbo Autoencoder with Different Interleavers (2023)

This paper evaluates the performance of Turbo Autoencoder (TurboAE), an end-to-end jointly trained neural channel encoder and decoder, for different well-known inter-leavers over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. TurboAE and Turbo codes share structural similarities. Therefore, in search of suitable interleavers for TurboAE, it is important to examine the interleavers designed for Turbo codes. In this paper, different interleavers are compared for TurboAE, and it is shown that using interleavers such as Quadratic Permutation Polynomial (QPP) and S-random interleavers provides considerable performance gain. The interleaver gain is achieved for both TurboAE made of convolutional neural network (CNN) layers and TurboAE made of recurrent neural networks (RNN) layers. Certain techniques are also proposed to enhance the performance of TurboAE RNN.
Infectious Diseases Society of America and Gain-of-Function Experiments With Pathogens Having Pandemic Potential (2015)

Author(s): Frank, Gregory M; Adalja, Amesh; Barbour, Alan; Casadevall, Arturo; Dormitzer, Philip R; Duchin, Jeff; Hayden, Frederick G; Hirsch, Martin S; Hynes, Noreen A; Lipsitch, Marc; Pavia, Andrew T; Relman, David A
Digital-to-analog conversion by pulse-count modulation methods (1996)

Three low-cost digital-to-analog converters (DACs) are described and compared. These designs can easily be implemented in an integrated circuit: the conventional pulse-width modulation (PWM) DAC, the new pulse-count modulation (PCM) DAC and the first-order noise shaping (FONS) DAC. All three methods control the ratio of the sum of all pulse durations to the constant total period. As the pulse durations are integral multiples of a unit pulse, all three can be classified as pulse-count modulation methods. Block diagrams of all three DACs consisting of a simple digital circuit and a low-pass filter are presented. For a constant digital input value the worst case ripple of the filter output is used to calculate the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter. Approximations for the 3 dB cutoff frequency of first-order, second-order and fourth-order Butterworth low-pass filters are given. The dynamic properties are analyzed in the time domain (settling time) and in the frequency domain (unfiltered output spectrum of a full-scale sine wave input). The main influences on the static accuracy are analyzed. A case study demonstrates the abilities of PCM and FONS.
Transmission electron microscope cells for use with liquid samples (2023)

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and devices related to transmission electron microscopy cells for use with liquids. In one aspect a device includes a substrate, a first graphene layer, and a second graphene layer. The substrate has a first surface and a second surface. The first surface defines a first channel, a second channel, and an outlet channel. The first channel and the second channel are joined to the outlet channel. The outlet channel defines a viewport region forming a though hole in the substrate. The first graphene layer overlays the first surface of the substrate, including an interior area of the first channel, the second channel, and the outlet channel. The second graphene layer overlays the first surface of the substrate, including open regions defined by the first channel, the second channel, and the outlet channel.
Activation volumes in thin film and particulate systems (2000)

We consider magnetization reversal and decay in thin film and particulate magnetic systems where thermally activated processes are important. We present measurements on the activation volumes associated with magnetization reversal in CoCrPt thin films. We find that the measured activation volume V* goes through a minimum as the film thickness is decreased from 17.5 to 5.5 nm. We have modeled this behavior qualitatively by assuming that the energy barrier to thermally activated reversal varies as 1/H, as has been predicted for incoherent nucleation processes and thermally activated domain–wall motion. This model also predicts that V* varies as T2 at high temperature in qualitative agreement with measurements on several systems. This behavior is contrasted with that predicted on the basis of coherent rotation of the magnetization in single-domain particles.
Anti-adherence activity and antimicrobial durability of anti-infective-coated catheters against multidrug-resistant bacteria (2008)

M/R-CVC demonstrated superior anti-adherence activity and more prolonged antimicrobial durability when compared with other approved anti-infective catheters against MDR VRSA and/or MDR Gram-negative bacteria that are often associated with CRBSIs. This finding could explain their efficacy and better performance in clinical studies.
Biofilm formation in bacterial pathogens of veterinary importance (2010)

Bacterial biofilms are structured communities of bacterial cells enclosed in a self-produced polymer matrix that is attached to a surface. Biofilms protect and allow bacteria to survive and thrive in hostile environments. Bacteria within biofilms can withstand host immune responses, and are much less susceptible to antibiotics and disinfectants when compared with their planktonic counterparts. The ability to form biofilms is now considered a universal attribute of micro-organisms. Diseases associated with biofilms require novel methods for their prevention, diagnosis and treatment; this is largely due to the properties of biofilms. Surprisingly, biofilm formation by bacterial pathogens of veterinary importance has received relatively little attention. Here, we review the current knowledge of bacterial biofilms as well as studies performed on animal pathogens.
A design methodology for the realisation of dedicated function VLSI digital filters (1988)

Outlines a design methodology for realising finite impulse response digital filters with fixed coefficients. The technique is based on the use of a primitive operator graph, which represents the filter multipliers using a minimum or near-minimum number of addition/subtraction operations. Vertex rearrangement, retiming and edge elimination techniques are then applied to form a logical graph with an efficient allocation of pipeline registers. An example of this process is given for a bit-serial realisation employing a bit-level pipeline. >
Commentary on the Appropriate Radiation Level for Evacuations (2012)

This commentary reviews the international radiation protection policy that resulted in the evacuation of more than 90,000 residents from areas near the Fukushima Daiichi NPS and the enormous expenditures to protect them against a hypothetical risk of cancer. The basis for the precautionary measures is shown to be invalid; the radiation level chosen for evacuation is not conservative. The actions caused unnecessary fear and suffering. An appropriate level for evacuation is recommended. Radical changes to the ICRP recommendations are long overdue.
Effects of chloride in acid tin methanesulphonate electrolytes on the deposit thickness, morphologies and compositions (2005)

The effects of trace amounts (<500 mg dm–3) of chloride ions in acid tin methanesulphonate plating solutions on the thickness distribution, surface roughness, composition and structure of tin deposits are presented. Chloride ion has little effect on the thickness of tin deposited at a given current density and the morphologies of the tin deposits are similar. Tin deposition is inhibited only when the chloride ion concentration is greater than 250 mg dm–3 and only in the very low current densities. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed no residual chloride on the matte tin surface.
Physiological characterization of taxol‐induced large‐fiber sensory neuropathy in the rat (1998)

The cancer chemotherapeutic agent Taxol (paclitaxel) causes a dose-related peripheral neuropathy in humans. We produced a dose-dependent large-fiber sensory neuropathy, without detrimental effects on general health, in mature rats by using two intravenous injections 3 days apart. Tests of other dosing schedules demonstrated the dependence of the severity of the neuropathy and of animal health on both the dose and the frequency of dosing. Pathologically, severe axonal degeneration and hypomyelination were observed in sections of dorsal roots, whereas ventral roots remained intact. Electrophysiologically, H-wave amplitudes in the hindlimb and amplitudes of predominantly sensory compound nerve action potentials in the tail were reduced. These effects persisted for at least 4 months after treatment. Motor amplitudes were not affected, but both motor and sensory conduction velocities decreased. The ability of rats to remain balanced on a narrow beam was impaired, indicating proprioceptive deficits. Muscle strength, measured by hindlimb and forelimb grip strength, and heat nociception, measured by tail-flick and hindlimb withdrawal tests, were not affected by Taxol. This model of Taxol-induced neuropathy in mature rats, with minimal effects on general health, parallels closely the clinical syndrome observed after Taxol treatment in humans.
Combination viroimmunotherapy with checkpoint inhibition to treat glioma, based on location-specific tumor profiling (2015)

Since different tumor types growing in the same location in the brain share a location-specific phenotype, we suggest that antigen-specific immunotherapies should be based upon expression of both histological type-specific tumor antigens and location-specific antigens. Our findings support clinical application of VSV-TAA therapy with checkpoint inhibition for aggressive brain tumors and highlight the importance of the intracranial microenvironment in sculpting a location-specific profile of tumor antigen expression.
ChemInform Abstract: IMIDAZO(1,2‐A)CHINOXALIN UND SEINE UMSETZUNGEN 1. MITT. (1972)

Abstract Iln Bei der Reduktion des Nitroaldehyds (I) mit Natriumdithionit in ammoniakalischer Lösung bildet sich über die Stufe des Aminoaldehyds (II) das Imidazochinoxalin (III) in einer Ausbeute von 92%.
Mechanisms of crystallisation in polysorbates and sorbitan esters (2020)

Solid-state behaviour of the commonly used pharmaceutical excipient polysorbates, and their non-ethoxylated equivalents.
A multichannel interstitial capacitive hyperthermia system as an adjunct to brachytherapy (2003)

An alternative interstitial hyperthermia system using thin flexible electrode wires operating at 27.12 MHz has been developed, and an 8-channel apparatus has been evaluated. Its major benefit is its potentializing effect, which is obtained without affecting radiation therapy techniques. It is possible to match the electrode to any kind of catheter implantation used for radiotherapy (even in a loop). Major advantages of this method are radial and longitudinal uniformity of heating, free choice of active length for each electrode, flexibility, and compatibility with the implanted radiotherapy catheters.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>