gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ethanolamine as Alkali for Alkali Surfactant Polymer Flooding - Development of a Low-Complexity Field Implementation Concept (2020)

Abstract A successful pilot in the Marmul field in the south of the Sultanate of Oman used a formulation consisting of 2% sodium carbonate, 0.3% surfactant, and 0.27% polymer. Marmul crude oil has a high total acid number (TAN = 0.9 mg KOH/ml). The petroleum acids are neutralized by alkali to form soaps which mix with the added surfactant to generate low interfacial tension (IFT) between oil and brine. For a commercial scale chemical-flood the quantity of sodium carbonate that needs to be transported is very large. It has been found that ethanolamine has significant advantages as an alkali for ASP and can substantially improve the logistical challenges faced in implementing a commercial scale flood. Ethanolamine has an improved alkaline density, is a low viscosity liquid, and can function as a solvent for EOR surfactants in the free acid form enabling shipment of a ready to mix liquid AS formulation.
Visually and olfactorily enhanced attractive devices for thrips management (2020)

'Lure-and-infect' is an insect pest management strategy with high potential but so far there are few examples of its application. Using traps as surrogates for auto-dissemination devices, we tested the attractiveness to naturally occurring thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of three trap types differing in colour and structure, with and without the thrips lure methyl isonicotinate (MI), and sticky plate traps as a control. The aim was to find more effective traps that could be further developed into devices for auto-dissemination and lure-and-infect of thrips. The number of thrips captured varied substantially with trap type and the presence of the MI lure. We found a high visual response to a sticky 'white ruffle' trap (i.e., a 30-cm-long cylindrical outline of folded fabric), compared to a commonly used blue sticky plate trap (Bug-scan) as the control. This effect was seen both in a greenhouse with roses (<i>Rosa</i> spp.), where we encountered western flower thrips, <i>Frankliniella occidentalis</i> (Pergande), and in a grass field, where we encountered onion thrips, <i>Thrips tabaci</i> Lindeman, and New Zealand flower thrips, <i>Thrips obscuratus</i> (Crawford). In the absence of MI, the white ruffle trap caught 7-22× more thrips than the control Bug-scan trap. A similarly designed blue ruffle trap and a modified Lynfield trap caught lower thrips numbers than the white ruffle and the control Bug-scan traps. Presence of MI substantially increased the captures of <i>T. tabaci</i> in all three trap types in the field (2.5-18×). In the greenhouse, without MI the white ruffle trap caught 3.5-14× more thrips than the Bug-scan, blue ruffle, or modified Lynfield traps. Presence of MI increased the captures of <i>F. occidentalis</i> males and females in the Lynfield and blue ruffle traps (1.4-2.8×), but not in the white ruffle trap in the greenhouse (ca. 1.1×). The importance of visual and olfactory factors for the design of effective auto-dissemination and lure-and-infect strategies for thrips management is discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: CAGE COMPOUNDS. A READY SYNTHESIS OF A HIGHLY SUBSTITUTED BASKETANE (1979)

Abstract Durch Diels‐Alder‐Reaktion des Hexadiens (I) mit DDQ (II) wird nach einem Literaturverfahren das Addukt (III) erhalten, das beim Bestrahlen eine intramolekulare Photocycloaddition zu (IV) erleidet.
Low energy electron bombardment induced surface contamination of Ru mirrors (2012)

The impact of secondary electrons induced contamination of the Ru surface was investigated. Mirror-like Ru sample was bombarded with low energy (100 eV) electrons and the change in surface chemistry was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).Along with XPS studies the corresponding effect on in-situ EUV reflectivity was examined by exposing the Ru surface to photons at a wavelength of 13.5 nm in an ultrahigh vacuum chamber. Detailed XPS analyses showed a sudden increase in carbon concentrations on the Ru surface in the first 60 min, followed by a slow but linear growth in carbon concentration. In parallel, a noticeable decrease in water content was observed during the time of electrons irradiation along with slight oxidation of pure Ru surface. All chemical changes were discussed in terms of the electrons bombardment mediated dissociation of water and hydrocarbon molecules. A time dependent EUV reflectivity measurements show insignificant change in reflectivity up to 510 min of electrons bombardment. The impact of water molecules on the Ru surface and the accumulation of carbon through dissociation of residual hydrocarbons is discussed in details.
Overexpression of a gene encoding LRR protein improves rice resistance against Magnaporthe oryzae (2017)

Magnaporthe oryzae is a rice blast fungus and plant pathogen that causes a serious rice disease and, therefore, poses a threat to the world’s second most important food security crop. Plant transformation technology has become an adaptable system for cultivar improvement and to functionally analyze genes in plants. The objective of this study was to determine the effects (through over-expressing and using the CaMV 35S promoter) of Pikh on MR219 resistance because it is a rice variety that is susceptible to the blast fungus pathotype P7.2. Thus, a full coding DNA sequence (CDS) of the Pikh gene, 1206 bp in length, was obtained through amplifying the cDNA template from a PH9-resistant rice variety using a specific primer. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation technology was also used to introduce the Pikh gene into the MR219 callus. Subsequently, transgenic plants were evaluated from the DNA to protein stages using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), semi-quantitative RT-PCR, real-time quantitative PCR and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Transgenic plants were also compared with a control using a real-time quantification technique (to quantify the pathogen population), and transgenic and control plants were challenged with the local most virulent M. oryzae pathotype, P7.2. The Pikh gene was up-regulated in the transgenic plants compared with the control plants. The quantity of the amino acid leucine in the transgenic rice plants increased significantly from 17.131 in the wild-type to 47.865 mg g-1 in transgenic plants. The M. oryzae population was constant at 31, 48 and 72 h after inoculation in transgenic plants, while it was increased in the inoculated control plants. This study successfully clarified that over-expression of the Pikh gene in transgenic plants can improve their blast resistance against the M. oryzae pathotype P7.2.
Theory of shift heat current and its application to electron-phonon coupled systems (2022)

We propose a heat current analog of the shift current, ``shift heat current.'' We study nonlinear heat current responses to an applied ac electric field by a diagrammatic method and derive a microscopic expression for the second-order dc heat current response. As a result, we find that the shift heat current is related to the shift vector, a geometric quantity that also appears in the expression for the shift current. The shift heat current directly depends on and can be controlled through the chemical potential. In addition, we apply the diagrammatic method to electron-phonon coupled systems, and we find that even if only the phonons are excited by an external field, the amplitude of the shift heat current is determined by the energy scale of electrons, not of phonons.
A Forest-structured Bloom Filter with flash memory (2011)

A Bloom Filter (BF) is a data structure based on probability to compactly represent/record a set of elements (keys). It has wide applications on efficiently identifying a key that has been seen before with minimum amount of recording space used. BF is heavily used in chunking based data de-duplication. Traditionally, a BF is implemented as in-RAM data structure; hence its size is limited by the available RAM space on the machine. For certain applications like data de-duplication that require a big BF beyond the size of available RAM space, it becomes necessary to store a BF into a secondary storage device. Since BF operations are inherently random in nature, magnetic disk provides worse performance for the random read and write operations. It will not be a good fit for storing the large BF. Flash memory based Solid State Drive (SSD) has been considered as an emerging storage device that has superior performance and can potentially replace disks as the preferred secondary storage devices. However, several special characteristics of flash memory make designing a flash memory based BF very challenging. In this paper, our goal is to design an efficient flash memory based BF that is fully aware of these physical characteristics. To this end, we propose a Forest-structured BF design (FBF). FBF uses a combination of RAM and flash memory to design a BF. BF is stored on the flash, while RAM helps to mitigate the impact of slow write performance of flash memory. In addition, in-flash BF is organized in a forest-like structure in order to improve the lookup performance. Our experimental results show that FBF design achieves 2 times faster processing speed with 50% less number of flash write operations when compared with the existing flash memory based BF designs.
Extension of Kelvin’s equation to dipolar colloids (2022)

Vapor pressure refers to the pressure exerted by the vapor phase in thermodynamic equilibrium with either its liquid or solid phase. An important class of active matter is field-driven colloids. A suspension of dipolar colloids placed in a high-frequency rotating magnetic field undergoes a nonequilibrium phase transition into a dilute and dense phase, akin to liquid–vapor coexistence in a simple fluid. Here, we compute the vapor pressure of this colloidal fluid. The number of particles that exist as the dilute bulk phase versus condensed cluster phases can be directly visualized. An exponential relationship between vapor pressure and effective temperature is determined as a function of applied field strength, analogous to the thermodynamic expression between vapor pressure and temperature found for pure liquids. Additionally, we demonstrate the applicability of Kelvin’s equation to this field-driven system. In principle, this appears to be in conflict with macroscopic thermodynamic assumptions due to the nonequilibrium and discrete nature of this colloidal system. However, the curvature of the vapor–liquid interface provides a mechanical equilibrium characterized by interfacial tension that connects the condensed clusters observed with these active fluids to classical colligative fluid properties.
Approximate Dynamic Programming and Neural Networks on Game Hardware (2007)

Modern graphics processing units (GPU) and game consoles are used for much more than simply 3D graphics applications and video games. From machine vision to finite element analysis, GPU's are being used in diverse applications, collectively called General Purpose computation onf graphics processor units (GPGPU). Additionally, game consoles are entering the market of high performance computing as inexpensive nodes in computing clusters. This paper explores the capabilities and limitations of modern GPU's and game consoles, surveying the ADP and neural network technologies that can be applied to these devices.
ChemInform Abstract: THE REGIOSELECTIVE PARA CHLORINATION OF 2‐METHYLPHENOL (1976)

Abstract Die Umsetzung von 2‐Methylphenol (I) mit Sulfurylchlorid in Gegenwart von Aluminiumchlorid und Diphenylsulfid ergibt bei 15°C ein 94,1:5,0:0,5‐Gemisch der Chlorierungsprodukte (II), (III) und (IV).
What simulation can do for HCI research (2022)

research-article Share on What simulation can do for HCI research Authors: Roderick Murray-Smith University of Glasgow University of GlasgowView Profile , Antti Oulasvirta Aalto University Aalto UniversityView Profile , Andrew Howes University of Birmingham University of BirminghamView Profile , Jörg Müller University of Bayreuth University of BayreuthView Profile , Aleksi Ikkala Aalto University Aalto UniversityView Profile , Miroslav Bachinski University of Bergen University of BergenView Profile , Arthur Fleig University of Bayreuth University of BayreuthView Profile , Florian Fischer University of Bayreuth University of BayreuthView Profile , Markus Klar University of Bayreuth University of BayreuthView Profile Authors Info & Claims InteractionsVolume 29Issue 6November - December 2022pp 48–53https://doi.org/10.1145/3564038Published:03 November 2022Publication History 1citation427DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations1Total Downloads427Last 12 Months427Last 6 weeks32 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Temperature dependence on tensile properties of Cu-40mass%Fe dual phase alloy (2017)

The binary system of iron and copper shows low mutual solubility and cast Cu-Fe forms an iron (bcc) and copper (fcc) dual phase structure at room temperature. In this study, tensile properties, deformation and fracture behaviour of a rolled Cu-40mass%Fe alloy have been evaluated in order to reveal the temperature dependence on tensile properties in dual phase structures. The material formed a layer structure with ultra-fine grains of 1 μm in diameter. In both iron and copper grains, furthermore, many precipitates of copper or iron were revealed. The strength of this material increased at low temperatures, though the elongation was hardly changed, which suggests that fcc + bcc dual phase structure is effective to improve the tensile property at low temperature. Strain was inhomogeneously distributed at low temperature regardless of Cu and Fe region, and voids and cracks tended to form inside Cu layer. These results imply that the temperature dependence on tensile properties and deformation behaviour of each phase in dual phase structure is different from that of each single phase structure, and dual phase structure materials have a potential for becoming superior cryogenic structural materials.
Aberrant upregulation of the glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3 in CLN7 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (2022)

CLN7 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis is an inherited lysosomal storage neurodegenerative disease highly prevalent in children. CLN7/MFSD8 gene encodes a lysosomal membrane glycoprotein, but the biochemical processes affected by CLN7-loss of function are unexplored thus preventing development of potential treatments. Here, we found, in the Cln7<sup>∆ex2</sup> mouse model of CLN7 disease, that failure in autophagy causes accumulation of structurally and bioenergetically impaired neuronal mitochondria. In vivo genetic approach reveals elevated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) in Cln7<sup>∆ex2</sup> neurons that mediates glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3 activation and contributes to CLN7 pathogenesis. Mechanistically, mROS sustains a signaling cascade leading to protein stabilization of PFKFB3, normally unstable in healthy neurons. Administration of the highly selective PFKFB3 inhibitor AZ67 in Cln7<sup>∆ex2</sup> mouse brain in vivo and in CLN7 patients-derived cells rectifies key disease hallmarks. Thus, aberrant upregulation of the glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3 in neurons may contribute to CLN7 pathogenesis and targeting PFKFB3 could alleviate this and other lysosomal storage diseases.
Progress and Opportunities to Advance Clinical Cancer Therapeutics Using Tumor Dynamic Models (2019)

There is a need for new approaches and endpoints in oncology drug development, particularly with the advent of immunotherapies and the multiple drug combinations under investigation. Tumor dynamics modeling, a key component to oncology "model-informed drug development," has shown a growing number of applications and a broader adoption by drug developers and regulatory agencies in the past years to support drug development and approval in a variety of ways. Tumor dynamics modeling is also being investigated in personalized cancer therapy approaches. These models and applications are reviewed and discussed, as well as the limitations and issues open for further investigations. A close collaboration between stakeholders like clinical investigators, statisticians, and pharmacometricians is warranted to advance clinical cancer therapeutics.
Completeness of tuberculosis (TB) notification: inventory studies and capture-recapture analyses, six European Union countries, 2014 to 2016 (2020)

BackgroundProgress towards the World Health Organization's End TB Strategy is monitored by assessing tuberculosis (TB) incidence, often derived from TB notification, assuming complete case detection and reporting. This assumption is unlikely to hold in many settings, including European Union (EU) countries.AimWe aimed to assess observed and estimated completeness of TB notification through inventory studies and capture-recapture (CRC) methodology in six EU countries: Croatia, Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands, Portugal Slovenia.MethodsWe performed record linkage, case ascertainment and CRC analyses of data collected retrospectively from at least three national TB-related registers in each country between 2014 and 2016.ResultsObserved completeness of TB notification by inventory studies was 73.9% in Croatia, 98.7% in Denmark, 83.6% in Finland, 81.6% in the Netherlands, 85.8% in Portugal and 100% in Slovenia. Subsequent CRC analysis estimated completeness of TB notification to be 98.4% in Denmark, 76.5% in Finland and 77.0% in Portugal. In Croatia, CRC analyses produced implausible results while in the Netherlands and Slovenia, it was methodologically considered not meaningful.ConclusionInventory studies and CRC methodology suggest a TB notification completeness between 73.9% and 100% in the six EU countries. Mandatory reporting by clinicians and laboratories, and cross-checking of registers, strongly contributes to accurate notification rates, but hospital episode registers likely contain a considerable proportion of false-positive TB records and are thus less useful. Further strengthening routine surveillance to count TB cases, i.e. incidence, accurately by employing record-linkage of high-quality TB registers should make CRC studies obsolete in EU countries.
Estimation of a nacelle dynamic motion of a wind turbine (2008)

A Kalman filter is applied to estimate the movement of a nacelle. The information of nacelle acceleration and strain gauge installed at the root location of tower is combined in Kalman filtering. A simple model of tower vibration is considered. A scale-down experimental rig simulating a tower and nacelle of wind turbine is constructed to test the performance of proposed estimator algorithm. The experimental results of using this rig are introduced.
Characterising Reedbeds Using LiDAR Data: Potential and Limitations (2012)

Reedbeds are dominated by a small number of plant species, but are extremely valuable habitats for faunal biodiversity. However, reedbeds often exist in small patches distributed across landscapes and for most regions there is a lack of information about their location and condition. This paper investigates the potential of using LiDAR-derived elevation and intensity data to characterise reedbeds. A Leica ALS50 was used to acquire data for reedbeds during the leaf-off phenological period and the study site encompassed a wide range of canopy development. For reedbeds there was a lack of multiple LiDAR returns and ground returns, which limited the ability to acquire information on canopy structure or terrain elevation. Nevertheless, the first return LiDAR data was able to generate an accurate digital surface model and subsequent canopy height model, as validated using field measurements (RMSE 0.47 m; average difference 0.09 m (5% of average height)). LiDAR intensity data displayed specular reflection effects within reedbed areas, but off-nadir imagery was successfully used for mapping reedbeds, non-reedbed vegetation and water bodies.
Unusual stability of N-methylmaleimide cycloadducts: characterization of isobenzofuran retro-Diels-Alder reactions (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUnusual stability of N-methylmaleimide cycloadducts: characterization of isobenzofuran retro-Diels-Alder reactionsDavid Tobia, Roy Harrison, Brian Phillips, Thomas L. White, Marcello DiMare, and Bruce RickbornCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 24, 6701–6706Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00076a032https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00076a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1051Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Towards high performance solution-processed orange organic light-emitting devices: precisely-adjusting properties of Ir(iii) complexes by reasonably engineering the asymmetric configuration with second functionalized cyclometalating ligands (2019)

By reasonably engineering the asymmetric configuration with purposely selected second ligands, the complex <bold>SIrB</bold> exhibits outstanding electroluminescence performance with peak EQE, CE, and PE of 23.2%, 66.5 cd A<sup>−1</sup>, and 56.0 lm W<sup>−1</sup>, respectively.
Failure of Proximal Femoral Locking Compression Plate: A Case Series (2011)

Biomechanical studies have shown the PF-LCP to be stronger or equivalent to other fixation methods for fractures of the femoral neck and subtrochanteric femur fractures. The seven failures in our cases may be partially the result of patient factors as well as technical factors; however, there appears to be a high rate of failure even when surgery is performed by experienced and fellowship-trained traumatologists.
Effective Heuristics for Capacitated Production Planning with Multiperiod Production and Demand with Forecast Band Refinement (2004)

In this paper we extend forecast band evolution and capacitated production modelling to the multiperiod demand case. In this model, forecasts of discrete demand for any period are modelled as bands and defined by lower and upper bounds on demand, such that future forecasts lie within the current band. We develop heuristics that utilize knowledge of demand forecast evolution to make production decisions in capacitated production planning environments. In our computational study we explore the efficiency of our heuristics, and also explore the impact of seasonality on demand and availability of information updates.
Oxygen in wine and its role in phenolic reactions during ageing (2002)

18 ref.