gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clean Intermittent Catheterization in Spinal Cord Injury Patients: A Followup Study (1993)

A followup study on nonhospitalized spinal cord injury patients using clean intermittent catheterization was conducted to evaluate long-term clean intermittent catheterization for any genitourinary complications, and to institute and evaluate prompt management. A total of 50 patients (36 paraplegics and 14 quadriplegics) was followed for 3 months to 6.5 years (average followup 22 months). All patients had a baseline urodynamic study and renal scan before they were discharged from the hospital. Patients with a reflex bladder and sustained, high intravesical pressures (greater than 40 cm. water) were placed on anticholinergic medication to lower voiding pressures and maintain continence. Those on clean intermittent catheterization and condom drainage were also given alpha-blockers to achieve low pressure voiding and to control autonomic dysreflexia. Of 50 patients 43 (86%) acquired a total of 364 events of significant bacteriuria (10(4) or more colony-forming units per ml.) at a rate of 13.63 infections per 1,000 patient-days on clean intermittent catheterization. Subclinical symptoms for urinary tract infection were noted in 22 of the 43 patients (51%), whereas clinical symptoms for urinary tract infection were recorded in 16 of 43 (37%). These symptoms included fever in 8 patients, chills in 3, hematuria in 3 and flank pain in 2. There were 31 genitourinary complications in 21 patients noted during periodic diagnostic evaluations, with 6 classified as upper tract. Of 50 patients 4 (8%) required rehospitalization for urological problems. One patient died of questionable sepsis. Transurethral sphincterotomy was performed in 15 of the 50 patients (30%) and transurethral prostatectomy was done in 1 for multiple reasons, for example high intravesical voiding pressures, difficult catheterization, repeated symptomatic urinary tract infections or per patient request to discontinue clean intermittent catheterization. Of 7 patients who were catheterized by others 4 elected to discontinue long-term clean intermittent catheterization after an average of 13 months. Overall, 33 patients (66%) discontinued clean intermittent catheterization and 17 are still being followed on a long-term basis. Clean intermittent catheterization is a successful long-term option to drain bladders in spinal cord injury patients who can perform catheterization independently.
Comparison between a detailed and a simplified finite element model of radio-frequency lesioning in the brain (2005)

A detailed and a simplified model of a lesioning electrode was made using the finite element method. 15 simulations of the lesioning procedure were performed for each model and the resulting lesion volumes were compared in order to investigate if the simplified model is adequate. The simplified model resulted in a very slight overestimation of the volume compared to the detailed model. It was thus concluded that the simplified model is adequate for simulations.
Advances in Nanotechnology and Microfluidics for Human Papillomavirus Diagnostics (2015)

Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been shown in many studies as a prerequisite for the development of cervical cancer, which is the second most common and predominant form of malignancy among women worldwide, with 270 000 deaths (80% of whom live in developing countries) and 500 000 new cases per year. Early diagnosis of cervical cancer allows patients to be fully treated. Therefore, there is high clinical utility of HPV diagnostics even with binary positive/negative indication of the presence of HPV in patient samples. Although the Pap smear is widely used for cervical cancer screening, this method still suffers from low sensitivity and specificity. Thus, simple, rapid and inexpensive diagnostic methods are needed to detect the etiology of cervical cancer, i.e., HPV, especially high-risk oncogenic subtypes 16 and 18. Here, we review the existing assays and platforms employed for HPV diagnosis, and highlight recent advances in nanotechnology and microfluidics that potentially enable new approaches for HPV diagnosis.
Effect of Ionic Liquids on Electrochromic Properties of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (2014)

Abstract not Available.
Experimental Investigations on MIMO Radio Channel Characteristics on UHF Band (2009)

Pan-European project B21C (broadcasting for the 21st century) aims to develop technology for DVB-T2 (digital video broadcasting, terrestrial), which is a spectrum efficient broadcasting system for future. The evaluated technologies include MIMO, which has been widely studied in perspective of B3G (beyond 3rd generation) systems, but never for any UHF band systems. In addition, the latest decision of WRC (World Radiocommunication Conference) highlights that the B3G systems can be deployed in UHF bands. This paper introduces a measurement campaign performed in UHF frequency and presents the most important results with regard to channel modeling and MIMO.
Development of a Detailed Gasoline Composition-Based Octane Model (2005)

We present a model that predicts the research and motor octane numbers of a wide variety of gasoline process streams and their blends including oxygenates based on detailed composition. The octane number is correlated to a total of 57 hydrocarbon lumps measured by gas chromatography. The model is applicable to any gasoline fuel regardless of the refining process it originates from. It is based on the analysis of 1471 gasoline fuels from different naphtha process streams such as reformates, cat-naphthas, alkylates, isomerates, straight runs, and various hydroprocessed naphthas. Blends of these individual process streams are also considered in this work. The model predicts the octane number within a standard error of 1 number for both the research and motor octane numbers.
Production of {sup 4}He, {sup 3}He, and tritium from Be irradiated in FFTF-MOTA-2B (1998)

The production of {sup 4}He, {sup 3}He, and tritium has been calculated for beryllium irradiated in the Materials Open Test Assembly (MOTA)-2B experiment in the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF). Reaction rates were based on adjusted neutron spectra determined from reactor dosimetry measurements at seven different elevations in the irradiation assembly. Equations are given so that gas production, dpa, and neutron fluences can be calculated for any specific elevation in the MOTA-2B assembly.
Drusen in patient-derived hiPSC-RPE models of macular dystrophies (2017)

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and related macular dystrophies (MDs) are a major cause of vision loss. However, the mechanisms underlying their progression remain ill-defined. This is partly due to the lack of disease models recapitulating the human pathology. Furthermore, in vivo studies have yielded limited understanding of the role of specific cell types in the eye vs. systemic influences (e.g., serum) on the disease pathology. Here, we use human induced pluripotent stem cell-retinal pigment epithelium (hiPSC-RPE) derived from patients with three dominant MDs, Sorsby's fundus dystrophy (SFD), Doyne honeycomb retinal dystrophy/malattia Leventinese (DHRD), and autosomal dominant radial drusen (ADRD), and demonstrate that dysfunction of RPE cells alone is sufficient for the initiation of sub-RPE lipoproteinaceous deposit (drusen) formation and extracellular matrix (ECM) alteration in these diseases. Consistent with clinical studies, sub-RPE basal deposits were present beneath both control (unaffected) and patient hiPSC-RPE cells. Importantly basal deposits in patient hiPSC-RPE cultures were more abundant and displayed a lipid- and protein-rich "drusen-like" composition. Furthermore, increased accumulation of COL4 was observed in ECM isolated from control vs. patient hiPSC-RPE cultures. Interestingly, RPE-specific up-regulation in the expression of several complement genes was also seen in patient hiPSC-RPE cultures of all three MDs (SFD, DHRD, and ADRD). Finally, although serum exposure was not necessary for drusen formation, COL4 accumulation in ECM, and complement pathway gene alteration, it impacted the composition of drusen-like deposits in patient hiPSC-RPE cultures. Together, the drusen model(s) of MDs described here provide fundamental insights into the unique biology of maculopathies affecting the RPE-ECM interface.
Protein incorporation by isolated amphibian oocytes. I. Preliminary studies (1970)

Abstract Developing Xenopus oocytes removed from the ovary and divested of their outermost cellular layers (theca and surface epithelium) will incorporate protein continuously over a period of at least two to six days when cultured in vitro. The rate of protein incorporation depends upon:(a) the extent to which the donor has been stimulated by gonadotropin; (b) the size of the oocyte; and (c) the protein composition of the medium, since a mechanism exists to sequester selected protein. Protein uptake is negligible when oocytes are cultured either with all their cellular layers intact or with all their cellular layers removed. These results imply that the outer surface epithelium is relatively impermeable to protein and that the integrity of the investing follicular epithelium is essential for vigorous protein incorporation by the oocyte.
Floquet engineering of dressed surface plasmon polariton modes in plasmonic waveguides (2022)

We present a comprehensive study surface plasmon polariton (SPP) propagation on planar metallic waveguides under a dressing field. We perform a set of analytical calculations of the periodic time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation to study the interaction of an intense electromagnetic field with a metallic system. We model the strong light coupling to the metallic system using a nonperturbative procedure. In this paper, we show that, by introducing Floquet theory into the dressed metal, the behavior of the Floquet states are similar to the phase-modulated signals in the communication system. This will reveal a new perspective on the underlying science in an intricate, dressed quantum system. Furthermore, we examine the impurity scattering effects on charge transport in disordered plasmonic metals using the generalized Floquet-Fermi golden rule and provide a novel approach to diminish the losses in plasmonic materials using the dressing field. To gauge the effectiveness of our results, we introduce a figure of merit to compare the performance of plasmonic metals, subjective to a dressing field. The calculated dressed SPP characteristics suggest that high-efficiency SPP propagation can be achieved in practice. Our findings open up new directions for state-of-the-art nanoplasmonic devices.
Synthesis and Properties of the First [4.4]Ferrocenophane-1,3,15,17-tetrayne (2001)

Building butadiyne bridges: The kinetically stabilized 1,1′-diethynylferrocene, readily prepared from the pentafulvenoid allene 1, can be transformed into the [4.4]ferrocenophane 2 by oxidative coupling. This compound exhibits a remarkably symmetrical structure in which the electrons are delocalized through the butadiyne bridges; in the crystalline state 2 exists in a helical-chiral conformation.
A Novel Point-in-Polygon-Based sEMG Classifier for Hand Exoskeleton Systems (2020)

In the early 2000s, data from the latest World Health Organization estimates paint a picture where one-seventh of the world population needs at least one assistive device. Fortunately, these years are also characterized by a marked technological drive which takes the name of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. In this terrain, robotics is making its way through more and more aspects of everyday life, and robotics-based assistance/rehabilitation is considered one of the most encouraging applications. Providing high-intensity rehabilitation sessions or home assistance through low-cost robotic devices can be indeed an effective solution to democratize services otherwise not accessible to everyone. However, the identification of an intuitive and reliable real-time control system does arise as one of the critical issues to unravel for this technology in order to land in homes or clinics. Intention recognition techniques from surface ElectroMyoGraphic (sEMG) signals are referred to as one of the main ways-to-go in literature. Nevertheless, even if widely studied, the implementation of such procedures to real-case scenarios is still rarely addressed. In a previous work, the development and implementation of a novel sEMG-based classification strategy to control a fully-wearable Hand Exoskeleton System (HES) have been qualitatively assessed by the authors. This paper aims to furtherly demonstrate the validity of such a classification strategy by giving quantitative evidence about the favourable comparison to some of the standard machine-learning-based methods. Real-time action, computational lightness, and suitability to embedded electronics will emerge as the major characteristics of all the investigated techniques.
Sandboxed execution of C and other unsafe languages on the Java virtual machine (2018)

Sulong is a system that tackles buffer overflows and other low-level errors in languages like C by automatically checking them and aborting execution if an error is detected. Supporting unstandardized elements such as inline assembly and compiler builtins is a challenge, which we have addressed by investigating their usage in a large number of open-source programs. Finally, we have devised an introspection mechanism, for which Sulong exposes metadata such as bounds, which library writers can use to increase the robustness of their libraries.
The Yield Envelope: Price Ranges for Fixed Income Products (1999)

There is an extensive literature on the valuation of a fixed income contracts. The present work addresses the problem from a new outlook: we find upper and lower bounds for the value of a contract. Constraints are imposed on the evolution of a short-term interest rate and a liability is valued using its present value. A firstorder non-linear hyperbolic partial differential equation is formulated for the value, V, of the contract. The numerical solution of this equation is then explored. To optimise its value, our contract is hedged with market traded zero-coupon bonds. We can then generate the `Yield Envelope&amp;apos; (an alternative to the yield curve). At a maturity for which there are no traded instruments, a spread for the yield is obtained. A program implementing our model can be downloaded by clicking here. (LINK:http://www.oxfordfinancial.co.uk/oxford/ew_model.zip) Introduction The two main classical approaches to pricing and hedging fixed income products may be termed `stochastic&amp;apos; a...
Insecticidal carbamoyloximes (1968)

A review of the salient features of the activity of carbamoyloximes, the newest category of insecticidal and acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting carbamates, shows their marked resemblance to the carbamates of cyclic enols and of phenols. The electronic effect of substituents on anticholinesterase activity is more obvious for the carbamoyloximes than it is for the carbamates of phenols. Alkylthio substituents appear to affect activity directly by increasing the affinity for acetylcholinesterase and indirectly through their potential for sulphoxidation. Although carbamoyloximes as a class are active against all major types of insect pest, individual compounds usually are highly selective. Much of this selectivity is probably the the result of detoxification. Methylenedioxyphenyl derivatives synergise many of these carbamates against the housefly. The rǒle of physical properties in determining penetration, detoxification, synergism, and systemic action is discussed with special reference to ‘Temik’ (2-methyl-2 methylthiopropionaldehyde O-(methylcarbamoyl)oxime) and its oxidation products.
Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans Undergo Differential Expression Alterations in Alzheimer Disease Brains (2020)

Previous studies have reported that heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) promote amyloid-beta peptide and tau fibrillization in Alzheimer disease (AD) and provide resistance against proteolytic breakdown. We compared the expression levels of 17 HSPG core proteins in 18 AD cases and 6 controls. RT-PCR was used to analyze transcription levels. Immunohistochemistry was performed to localize HSPGs in the brain tissue. We detected expression of all HSPG genes investigated. SDC1, GPC3, and CD44v3 showed the lowest levels of expression, while SDC3 and GPC1 showed the highest. Remarkably, SDC4 and SRGN were overexpressed in most of the areas analyzed. Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of both SDC4 and SRGN mostly associated with tau and amyloid-β pathology throughout the AD brains. In conclusion, in view of the involvement of HSPGs in AD pathology, especially SDC4 and SRGN, there would seem to be a relationship between the regulation of core protein expression and the pathological features suggesting HSPGs are potential inducers of the disease.
Molecular Typing of Treponema pallidum in Denmark: A Nationwide Study of Syphilis (2015)

The aim of this nationwide study is to determine the strain type diversity among patients diagnosed with syphilis by PCR during a 4-year period in Denmark. Epidemiological data, including HIV status, for all patients were obtained from the Danish national syphilis registration system. Molecular strain typing was based on characterization of 3 variable treponemal genes, arp, tpr and tp0548. A total of 278 specimens from 269 patients were included. Among the fully typeable specimens (n = 197), 22 strain types were identified, with 1 type, 14d/g, accounting for 54%. The majority (93%) of the patients reported acquiring syphilis in Denmark. Among patients with concurrent HIV, 9 full strain types were identified and no difference in strain type was found by HIV status (p = 0.197). In conclusion, the majority of patients were infected in Denmark and the HIV-infected syphilis patients were diagnosed with a wide spectrum of different strain types of Treponema pallidum.
Deciphering bacteriophage T5 host recognition mechanism and infection trigger (2022)

Abstract Bacteriophages, viruses infecting bacteria, recognise their host with high specificity, either binding to saccharide motifs or proteins of the cell wall of their host. In the majority of bacteriophages, this host recognition is performed by Receptor Binding Proteins (RBPs) located at the extremity of a tail. Interaction between the RBPs and the host is the trigger for bacteriophage infection, but the molecular details of the mechanisms are unknown for the majority of bacteriophages. Here, we present the electron cryo-microscopy structure of bacteriophage T5 RBP pb5 in complex with its E. coli receptor, the iron ferrichrome transporter FhuA. Monomeric RBP pb5 is located at the extremity of T5 long flexible tail, and its irreversible binding to FhuA commits T5 to infection. Analysis of RBP pb5 structure within the complex, comparison with its AlphaFold2 predicted structure, and its fit into a previously determined map of T5 tail tip in complex with FhuA allow us to propose a mechanism of transmission of RBP pb5 receptor binding to the straight fibre, initiating the cascade of events that commits T5 to DNA ejection.
CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated knockout of HBsAg inhibits proliferation and tumorigenicity of HBV‐positive hepatocellular carcinoma cells (2018)

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains the most common risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). High HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) levels are highly correlated with hepatocarcinogenesis and HBV-associated HCC development. However, the role and detailed mechanisms associated with HBsAg in HCC development remain elusive. In this study, we designed specific single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) targeting the open reading frames, preS1/preS2/S, of the HBV genome and established HBsAg knockout HCC cell lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. We showed that knockout of HBsAg in HCC cell lines decreased HBsAg expression and significantly attenuated HCC proliferation in vitro, as well as tumorigenicity in vivo. We also found that overexpression of HBsAg, including the large (LHBs), middle (MHBs), and small (SHBs) surface proteins promoted proliferation and tumor formation in HCC cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that knockout of HBsAg in HCC cells decreased interleukin (IL)-6 production and inhibited signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling, while overexpression of HBsAg induced a substantial accumulation of pY-STAT3. Collectively, these results highlighted the tumorigenic role of HBsAg and implied that the IL-6-STAT3 pathway may be implicated in the HBsAg-mediated malignant potential of HBV-associated HCC.
Non-inflammatory applications in vivo of radiolabelled leucocytes (1988)

The technique of selectively labelling different types of leucocytes, including the sub-population of lymphocytes, with gamma-emitting radionuclides to study their fate in vivo has become a valuable research tool in cellular immunology. Most of this work has been done with 51Cr chromate and 111In oxine or tropolone. Much remains unknown about the differences in the migration of granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocyte sub-populations and cultured lymphocytes between normal and various disease states. It remains to be seen whether or not this approach will be useful clinically.
Modification of TPU by reactive extrusion. Properties of the obtained post-crosslinked polymers (2006)

International audience
ChemInform Abstract: BORON TRIFLUORIDE ETHERATE‐INDUCED GLYCOSIDATION: FORMATION OF ALKYL GLYCOSIDES AND THIOGLYCOSIDES OF 2‐DEOXY‐2‐PHTHALIMIDOGLYCOPYRANOSES (1983)

Abstract Die Aminozucker‐ Derivate (Dreagieren mit den Alkoholen (IIa) und (IIb) bzw. dem Thiol (IIc) selektiv zu den βGlycosiden (III).
Magnetic and transport behaviors of non-centrosymmetric Nd7Ni2Pd (2020)

Crystallographic, magnetic, electrical transport and thermodynamic properties of pseudo-binary Nd7Ni2Pd compound have been studied using temperature-dependent x-ray powder diffraction and physical property measurements. Compared to the ferromagnetic parent Nd7Pd3, the ground state of Nd7Ni2Pd is antiferromagnetic, and it exhibits strong metamagnetism. The measurements indicate two antiferromagnetic transitions in fields less than 8 kOe: a second-order paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic at TN2 = 29 K and a weak first-order antiferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic transition at TN1 = 24.5 K. The compound becomes ferromagnetic in fields of 8 kOe and higher with TC = 30 K. Temperature dependence of lattice parameters is anomalous, most prominently in the basal plane at ∼30 K; however, there is no detectable structural distortion or clear volume discontinuity around 25 K, suggesting a significant weakening of the first-order transition when compared to the binary Nd7Pd3.
Biological and Thrombolytic Properties of Fibrolase -A New Fibrinolytic Protease from Snake Venom (1990)

Fibrolase, a direct-acting fibrinolytic enzyme has been shown to cleave primarily the A alpha and B beta chains of human fibrin. We have previously reported that fibrolase also exhibits fibrinogenolytic activity and acts mainly as an alpha-chain fibrinogenase. In contrast to the action of streptokinase (plasminogen activator), fibrolase does not activate plasminogen. In vitro thrombolytic efficacy of fibrolase was determined by monitoring the release of radiolabel from iodinated fibrin and human blood clots. Fibrolase effectively digested the clots in a dose-dependent manner. The in vivo efficacy of fibrolase was evaluated in an animal model of arterial thrombosis. Fibrolase was found to be efficacious at dissolving femoral arterial clots following a single intravenous bolus administration. Time to reperfusion was dose dependent and similar to that observed with streptokinase. No adverse effects on blood pressure and heart rate were observed.