gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Time-of-Flight detection of Al ions from laser produced plasma (2016)

Background: The interaction of highly intense laser pulses with solid targets covers a wide range of phenomena over several orders of magnitude in laser intensity. Time-of-flight measurements provide an accurate reconstruction of the ion energy spectra. We report on the observation of aluminium ions from a laser-plasma interaction by a scintillator-based detector with adjustable dynamic range. Methods: Data have been taken at a 30 fs, 200 TW pulsed Ti:Sapphire laser focused on aluminium foils with 1.8 and 12.5 μm thickness. A time-of-flight detector consisting in a plastic scintillator with fibre-optic coupling to a PMT has been mounted 50 cm behind the target. The PMT output pulses have been recorded on a fast oscilloscope. Results: After an initial peak caused by prompt X-rays and relativistic electrons, a second peak has been observed in the time-of-flight spectra after several microseconds. It corresponds to Al ions with energies of the order 1 keV. Quantitative spectra have been reconstructed. A PIC simulation of the plasma expansion gives an explanation for the acceleration of initially thermal ions to the observed energies. Discussion: At the given ion energies the detection mechanism, based on electrostatic charge transfer, is different to the usual ionisation process in scintillators. Additional tests have been performed to corroborate its working principle. At the nominal, focused laser intensity with femtosecond pulses, proton acceleration to MeV energies would be expected, but is excluded by our observations. This detailed study of the interaction kinematics indicates the formation of a cold plasma by a prepulse several picoseconds ahead of the peak intensity.
Caractérisation des enzymes impliquées dans la voie d'excision de la première méthionine des protéines synthétisées dans les mitochondries et les plastes (2004)

Le mecanisme universel de synthese des proteines impose que toutes les proteines debutent par une methionine. Pourtant cette premiere methionine sera le plus souvent clivee par le mecanisme de la nme (excision de la methionine n-terminale) : il est assure par une activite methionine aminopeptidase (map) et par une activite peptide deformylase (pdf). Jusqua aujourd'hui peu de choses etaient connues concernant la nme dans les organites. Mon projet de these a ainsi consiste a identifier et caracteriser les enzymes impliquees dans la voie de nme dans les mitochondries et les plastes. Au laboratoire, des sequences codant des homologues des pdfs et maps bacteriennes ont ete identifiees chez la plupart des genomes eucaryotes. Nous avons isole les formes issues du mammifere homo sapiens (homme) et des plantes arabidopsis thaliana et lycopersicum esculentum (tomate). Nous avons demontre que ces enzymes etaient specifiquement localisees dans les organites et que les homologues des pdfs presentaient bien une activite deformylase in vivo et in vitro. Les pdfs chloroplastiques (pdf1bs) sont tres proches fonctionnellement des pdfs bacteriennes alors que les pdfs mitochondriales (pdf1as) presentent des caracteristiques biochimiques originales. Les pdf1as animales, dont l'activite se comporte de maniere similaire a celle des pdf1bs, se distinguent par la presence d'au moins deux substitutions dans les sequences-signature des pdfs. Le remplacement de ces residus par leurs pendants des pdf1as de plantes a permis de retrouver les caracteristiques des pdf1as de plantes. Ce travail revele ainsi pour la premiere fois l'existence d'une voie de la nme dans les mitochondries et les plastes.
La question du féminisme en Chine : Une lecture de Simone de Beauvoir (2014)

revue-cites-2014-4-page-131?lang=fr Dcouvrir le sommaire de ce numro, suivre la revue par email, s'abonner... Scannez ce QR Code pour accder la page de ce numro sur Cairn.info. Distribution lectronique Cairn.info pour Presses Universitaires de France.Vous avez l'autorisation de reproduire cet article dans les limites des conditions d'utilisation de Cairn.infoou, le cas chant, des conditions gnrales de la licence souscrite par votre tablissement.Dtails et conditions sur cairn.info/copyright.Sauf dispositions lgales contraires, les usages numriques des fins pdagogiques des prsentes ressources sont soumises l'autorisation de l'diteur ou, le cas chant, de l'organisme de gestion collective habilit cet effet.Il en est ainsi notamment en France avec le CFC qui est l'organisme agr en la matire.
Words to Meaningful Sentence: Analytics through Game Interface (2018)

In this work, we designed an experiment to discover the sentence making process followed by a human. To achieve the goal of meaningful sentence construction with a context by the computer, it requires an efficient algorithm. The computer can identify visual elements of a scene through the convolutional neural network. These visual elements are a few important words in a whole sentence. A human being constructs a meaningful sentence with such visual elements by incorporating connecting words which is not yet plausible by the computer. The typical generative deep models generate sentences which many times does not follow the context because the methods of sentence construction by a human (i.e., interpolation of connecting words) are less studied. This research is an attempt to have a better idea of the words interpolation. This will be useful to devise an efficient algorithm for image description generation especially for the useful application of visually impaired or blind people.
What is the right model for wireless channel interference? (2006)

In a wireline network, nodes form links with only those nodes they are wired to, and the links do not interfere with one another. In contrast, in a wireless network, signal transmissions are intrinsically broadcast, and suffer from mutual interference. In several physical layer technologies, a wireless signal is decoded by treating the sum of all the other on-going signal transmissions as noise. Hence, from a networking standpoint, there is a need to model wireless channel interference. An accurate interference model is especially important in a multi-hop network context, since there could be several simultaneous wireless transmissions. Several works in the literature have made use of simplified interference models. Some works assume a fixed range for communication and interference, while others are based on concepts like capture threshold where the desired signal strength is compared with interference from a single node at a time, rather than cumulatively. In particular, the latter model is used in ns2 which is the most common simulation tool. Under isotropic pathloss, the capture threshold model is also equivalent to the protocol model proposed by Gupta and Kumar, which is now the subject of a lot of analytical activity notably through conflict graph based problem formulations. We investigate the accuracy and appropriateness of the capture threshold based interference model, by comparing it with one based on the SINR (signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio) with additive interference calculation. We find that both in the case of random access networks, as well as in the case of scheduled networks (where node transmissions are scheduled to be completely conflict-free), a simplified interference model such as the capture threshold model, can produce significantly different results compared to an additive interference based model. Therefore, a lot of caution should be exercised before accepting or interpreting results based on simplified interference models.
Detection of Low-rate DDoS Attack Based on Self-Similarity (2010)

Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDos) attack is one of the high threats to the Internet. This paper proposes a measure based on Hurst coefficient to detect DDoS on Low-rate. The result of experiments shows that the measure can detect the DDoS intrusion hided in the normal data traffic in real time.
Activation of serotonergic neurons in the medullary caudal raphe shortens the laryngeal chemoreflex in anaesthetized neonatal rats (2017)

What is the central question of this study? Does activation of serotonergic neurons in the caudal medullary raphe, some of which project to the nucleus of the solitary tract, shorten the laryngeal chemoreflex? What is the main finding and its importance? We found that serotonin originating from neurons in the caudal raphe acts through a 5-HT<sub>3</sub> receptor located in the nucleus of the solitary tract to terminate reflex apnoea. Failure or deficiency of this arousal-related process is likely to be relevant to the pathogenesis of sudden infant death syndrome. Failure to terminate apnoea and arouse is likely to contribute to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Serotonin is deficient in the brainstems of babies who have died of SIDS. We tested the hypothesis that activation of serotoninergic neurons in the caudal medullary raphe, some of which project to the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), would shorten the laryngeal chemoreflex (LCR). We studied anaesthetized neonatal rat pups between postnatal days 9 and 17. We injected 5-40 μl of water into the larynx to elicit the LCR and measured the duration of respiratory disruption. Microinjection of 50 nl of 100 μm AMPA into the caudal medullary raphe shortened the apnoeas (P < 0.001) and respiratory inhibition (P < 0.005) associated with the LCR. When 50 nl of 30 mm ondansetron, a 5-HT<sub>3</sub> antagonist, was microinjected bilaterally into the NTS, AMPA microinjected into the caudal raphe no longer shortened the LCR. After bilateral microinjection of vehicle into the NTS, AMPA microinjection into the caudal raphe significantly shortened the LCR. AMPA, a glutamate receptor agonist, may activate many neurons within the caudal raphe, but blocking the 5-HT<sub>3</sub> receptor-dependent responses in the NTS prevented the shortening of the LCR associated with AMPA microinjections into the caudal raphe. Thus, serotonin originating from neurons in the caudal raphe acts through a 5-HT<sub>3</sub> receptor located in the NTS to terminate or shorten the LCR. Serotonin is deficient in the brainstems of babies who have died of SIDS, and deficient serotonergic termination of apnoea is likely to be relevant to the pathogenesis of SIDS.
Biological Approaches to the Treatment of Saline Oily Waste(waters) Originated from Marine Transportation (2012)

Oily wastewater generated, in amounts of millions of tons per year, by ships mainly in engine-rooms (bilge waters) and by washing oil tanks (slops) create a major disposal problem throughout the world because of the persistence and accumulation of xenobiotic compounds in the environment. The high salinity levels (up to 25.000 p.p.m.) and the pollutants concentration limit the chances of discharge into the sewer systems and address the disposal of these waste(water)s to the sea. Tightening effluent regulations and consequent high energy and management costs has generated interest in the introduction of biological phases in the treatment of these wastewater. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the feasibility of using biological processes with purposely acclimated microorganism for the treatment of high salinity oily wastewaters (slops). Specifically both the bio-regeneration of the exhaust Granular Activated Carbons (GAC), loaded with a mixture of compounds occurring in slops, and a BioFilm Membrane BioReactor (BF-MBR) application were examined. Results proved the feasibility of using salt-adapted micro-organisms capable of degrading the main pollutants contained in slops.
Fabrication of Single-Hole Glutathione-Responsive Degradable Hollow Silica Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery (2014)

In the present study, a kind of single-hole glutathione (GSH)-responsive degradable hollow silica nanoparticles (G-DHSNs) was synthesized and used as carriers of doxorubicin (DOX) (DOX-G-DHSNs). The G-DHSNs were accurately designed and fabricated with a simple and convenient method, and without any extra pernicious component. The composition, morphology and properties of the G-DHSNs had been characterized by (1)HNMR spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectrograph, thermo gravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscope, and scanning electron microscope. The degradation study of G-DHSNs showed that the G-DHSNs would be broken into pieces after interacting with GSH. Besides, the negligible hemolytic activity and low cytotoxicity of the G-DHSNs demonstrated its excellent biocompatibility. pH- and GSH-triggered release of DOX followed by the decomposition of G-DHSNs within TCA8113 cancer cells was further confirmed by flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy studies. All of these results indicated that G-DHSNs can be used as safe and promising drug nanocarriers.
[Molecular genetic analysis of 2 Chilean cystic fibrosis patients and their families]. (1994)

As a contribution to establish the real incidence of cystic fibrosis (CF) and the prevalent mutations in the Chilean population a method for the detection of delta F-508 and R-553X, two of the most frequent mutations described worldwide, has been implemented. The method is based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of DNA followed by allele specific restriction enzymatic digestion. The application of this techniques allowed to confirm CF diagnosis in two patients and to detect asymptomatic carriers in both families. One of the patients showed normal sweat electrolyte concentration.
Improving the measurement of thick and thin films with optical profiling techniques (2007)

Optical profiling techniques, mainly confocal and white light interferometry, have demonstrated to be suitable techniques for characterization of transparent thick films. Measurements are carried out by vertically scanning the upper and lower film interfaces. Thickness of the layer is determined from the two peaks in the confocal axial response or from the two sets of interference fringes developed during the vertical scan. The 3D topographies of the upper and lower interfaces of the film can also be obtained. Measurements of photoresists or oxide coatings are typical examples of thick film characterization. On the other hand, measurement of thin films is considered to be a very difficult application to carry out with most optical imaging profilers. A film should be considered as thin when the two peaks obtained along the vertical scan become unresolved. We introduce new methods based on confocal techniques, which make it possible to measure sub-micrometric layers on structured samples. These techniques are based on the comparison between the axial responses obtained in areas where the film is present and those in other areas where only the substrate is present. This method has been successfully used for thickness assessment of several samples, such as a set of calibrated Si-SiO<sub>2</sub> layers.
Continuous phone recognition without target language training data (2008)

Designing an automatic speech recognition system with little or no language-specific training data is a challenging research topic because collecting abundant speech training data is not always an easy job for all possible languages of interest. According to our previous studied detection-based paradigm, we used a set of 21 acoustic phonetic attributes shared by five languages to perform Japanese phone recognition without using any Japanese speech training data. In this paper, we address the key issue of designing attribute-to-phone mapping models by two techniques: (1) a phone-based background model for each of the speech attribute detector to improve attribute detection; and (2) a data-driven clustering algorithm to group attribute-to-phone mapping rules of known languages to predict such rules for target phones in an unseen language. We report on experimental results of continuous Japanese phone recognition with the OGI Multilingual Speech Corpus and show that the proposed approach indeed decreases the false rejection rate of attribute detection, and improves the phone recognition accuracy
Design of a rapid point-of-care immunoassay : Based on a single-step non-competitive immunoassay with magnetic permeability detection (2018)

This thesis describes the development of a one-step, specific, cost-effective and rapid in vitro point-of-care immunoassay test based on a unique magnetic immunoassay principle. The principle in question is based on a non-competitive heterogeneous immunoassay in a one-step analysis, relying on magnetic permeability detection. The heterogeneous immunoassay is performed in disposable reagent vials, containing solid phase (antibody conjugated silica microparticles) and a labelling agent (antibody conjugated superparamagnetic nanoparticles) always in suspension. The sample (antigen) is introduced into the reagent vial and mixed, forming a sandwich complex between the conjugated nano- and microparticles. The complex is sedimented to the bottom of the reagent vial, forming a pellet with increased magnetic permeability, and subsequently measured using an inductance-based magnetic permeability detector.As proof-of-principle, an initial analyte target human C-reactive protein (CRP), a cardiac and inflammation marker in whole blood was chosen. The developed magnetic immunoassay system was characterized by a low detection limit and high accuracy. The immunoassay system was further optimized considering assay time and sample volume for better suitability in a point-of-care setting. Additionally, the two-site immunoassay was enhanced for several target analytes and sample media: human albumin, an indicator of kidney malfunction, in undiluted urine, and canine CRP, acute phase marker for identifying inflammation, in whole blood. Finally, the canine CRP assay was further developed, based on studies of the binding kinetics and reaction mechanisms, improving the sensitivity and extending the linear dynamic range, including inclusion of features suitable for point-of-care use.In summary, the designed one step two-site heterogeneous immunoassay system, utilizing magnetic permeability based detection was shown to be a suitable and reliable method for diagnostic measurements and point-of-care use.
Regulation of Drosophila Metamorphosis by Xenobiotic Response Regulators (2013)

Mammalian Nrf2-Keap1 and the homologous Drosophila CncC-dKeap1 protein complexes regulate both transcriptional responses to xenobiotic compounds as well as native cellular and developmental processes. The relationships between the functions of these proteins in xenobiotic responses and in development were unknown. We investigated the genes regulated by CncC and dKeap1 during development and the signal transduction pathways that modulate their functions. CncC and dKeap1 were enriched within the nuclei in many tissues, in contrast to the reported cytoplasmic localization of Keap1 and Nrf2 in cultured mammalian cells. CncC and dKeap1 occupied ecdysone-regulated early puffs on polytene chromosomes. Depletion of either CncC or dKeap1 in salivary glands selectively reduced early puff gene transcription. CncC and dKeap1 depletion in the prothoracic gland as well as cncC(K6/K6) and dKeap1(EY5/EY5) loss of function mutations in embryos reduced ecdysone-biosynthetic gene transcription. In contrast, dKeap1 depletion and the dKeap1(EY5/EY5) loss of function mutation enhanced xenobiotic response gene transcription in larvae and embryos, respectively. Depletion of CncC or dKeap1 in the prothoracic gland delayed pupation by decreasing larval ecdysteroid levels. CncC depletion suppressed the premature pupation and developmental arrest caused by constitutive Ras signaling in the prothoracic gland; conversely, constitutive Ras signaling altered the loci occupied by CncC on polytene chromosomes and activated transcription of genes at these loci. The effects of CncC and dKeap1 on both ecdysone-biosynthetic and ecdysone-regulated gene transcription, and the roles of CncC in Ras signaling in the prothoracic gland, establish the functions of these proteins in the neuroendocrine axis that coordinates insect metamorphosis.
DNA photoreactivating enzyme from the cyanobacterium Anacystis nidulans. (1990)

Photoreactivating enzyme, which specifically monomerizes pyrimidine dimers in UV-irradiated DNA, was purified 21,000-fold from the cyanobacterium Anacystis nidulans to apparent homogeneity with 41% overall yield. The enzyme consists of a single protein chain with 53,000 molecular weight. Maximal activity was found at pH 6.2 and 0.1 M NaCl. Purified photoreactivating enzyme exhibits a marked absorption spectrum with a main band in the blue region (maximum 437 nm), a protein band (maximum 266 nm), and a low intensity band above 500 nm. The molar extinction coefficient of native enzyme was estimated 53,000 at 437 nm. The action spectrum for photoreactivation shows maximal activity at 440 nm and correlates closely with the 437-nm absorption band. The enzyme contains two different intrinsic chromophores in equimolar amounts, which were identified as 7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin (FO) and (reduced) FAD. The low intensity absorption band of native photoreactivating enzyme exhibits a shoulder at 498 and maxima at 588 and 634 nm. This band is attributed to a neutral FAD semiquinone radical which accounts for the major part of the FAD present in dark equilibrated enzyme. Preillumination at 585 nm bleaches the semiquinone spectrum due to formation of fully reduced FAD, but exposure to air in the dark restores the spectrum completely. On preillumination at 437 nm the disappearance of FAD semiquinone is more rapid, indicating that the photoreduction is sensitized by the 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin chromophore. The 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin and possibly also the reduced FAD chromophore appear to act as a primary photon acceptor in the photoreactivation process.
'Pepeira' beoordeelt risico pepinomozaïekvirus (2008)

Landen van de Europese Unie verschillen sterk met elkaar van mening over hoe gevaarlijk pepinomaziekvirus precies is. Daarom startte de EU een project dat de risico's wetenschappelijk moet analyseren, om te komen tot een definitieve fytosanitaire status van het virus
DESIGN EQUATIONS AND GUIDELINES FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS STRENGTHENED WITH FRP PLATES (1998)

Epoxy-bonding composite plates to tension face of reinforced concrete beams is an effective technique for flexural strengthening. This paper presents guidelines and equations for strengthening of concrete beams for flexure, using epoxy bonded fiber composite plate. Possible modes of failure of the strengthened beam include: compression crushing of concrete, rupture of plate, local failure of concrete at the plate end due to shear and peeling stress concentrations, and debonding of plate around flexural cracks. The modes of failure have been considered in determination of the ultimate flexural capacity of the strengthened beam. The effect of multi-step loading of the beam on stress calculations has also been included. Limit state design concept has been followed in a manner similar to design of ordinary reinforced concrete beams for ease of application of the guidelines and equations by practicing engineers.