gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robust Classification of pH Levels on a Camera Phone (2011)

In this paper, we present a new algorithm that automatically classifies the pH level on a test strip using color image processing techniques. This algorithm is implemented on a camera phone that captures color images of pH test strips for healthcare or medical purpose. Experimental results show that this new approach is more robust in handling reflection and skewed placements of the test strips.
Ser7 Phosphorylation of the CTD Recruits the RPAP2 Ser5 Phosphatase to snRNA Genes (2011)

The carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) comprises multiple heptapeptide repeats of the consensus Tyr1-Ser2-Pro3-Thr4-Ser5-Pro6-Ser7. Reversible phosphorylation of Ser2, Ser5, and Ser7 during the transcription cycle mediates the sequential recruitment of transcription/RNA processing factors. Phosphorylation of Ser7 is required for recruitment of the gene type-specific Integrator complex to the Pol II-transcribed small nuclear (sn)RNA genes. Here, we show that RNA Pol II-associated protein 2 (RPAP2) specifically recognizes the phospho-Ser7 mark on the Pol II CTD and also interacts with Integrator subunits. siRNA-mediated knockdown of RPAP2 and mutation of Ser7 to alanine cause similar defects in snRNA gene expression. In addition, we show that RPAP2 is a CTD Ser5 phosphatase. Taken together, our results indicate that during transcription of snRNA genes, Ser7 phosphorylation facilitates recruitment of RPAP2, which in turn both recruits Integrator and dephosphorylates Ser5.
Global Versus Essential Post-Disaster Re-Provisioning in Telecom Mesh Networks (2015)

Telecommunication networks face large-scale threats, such as natural disasters (earthquake, hurricane, tsunami, etc.) and targeted attacks (weapons of mass destruction). These disasters may simultaneously destroy many network components (nodes and/or links) and cause multi-failure events. Although existing protection schemes can handle some given multi-failure scenarios, it is extremely challenging to solve all possible disaster-failure scenarios with reasonable resource costs and a 100% reliability guarantee. In this paper, we investigate post-disaster restoration strategies for telecom backbone mesh networks (such as wavelength-division multiplexed networks), whose objective is two-fold: to maintain network connectivity (i.e., guarantee a minimal degree of service for the survived connections) and to maximize the traffic flow in the post-disaster network. We study three post-disaster re-provisioning schemes employing different policies for connection rerouting and admissible bandwidth degradation (i.e., provisioning partial bandwidth). These schemes, whose services range from essential to global post-disaster re-provisioning, are the no-degradation re-provisioning (NDR) scheme, the degradation-as-needed re-provisioning (DAN) scheme, and the fairness-aware degradation re-provisioning (FAD) scheme. Corresponding mixed integer linear program models are developed and applied on two representative mesh topologies. Numerical results show that NDR can effectively decrease the connection loss ratio by rerouting some survived connections. However, both DAN and FAD can achieve optimal performance on maintaining connectivity even without rerouting any survived connections. DAN outperforms the other schemes in terms of traffic loss ratio, but it may cause a large difference between the maximum and minimum degradation ratios. FAD can improve the performance in terms of traffic loss ratio by rerouting a few survived connections. In particular, compared with DAN, FAD can provide balanced bandwidth degradation for all connections by sacrificing a certain amount of traffic flow, but avoiding extreme deterioration of the bandwidth capacity on some connections.
The Presence of Hürthle Cells Does Not Increase the Risk of Malignancy in Most Bethesda Categories in Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspirates (2020)

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Hürthle cell/oncocytic change is commonly reported on thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and may be considered an "atypical cell" by clinicians. This study aims to delineate the association between Hürthle cells in preoperative cytology and subsequent pathology of the indexed thyroid nodule and to report rates of malignancy. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Retrospective review of records of 300 patients with Hürthle cell/oncocytic change on FNA and final surgical pathology at a tertiary referral center between 2000 and 2013 was performed and compared with a multi-institutional FNA cohort. The degree of Hürthle cell presence was correlated with histopathologic diagnoses. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In the Hürthle cell FNA group, Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (BSRTC) categories were as follows: I (nondiagnostic) 14 (4.7%); II (benign) 113 (37.7%); III (atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance) 33 (11%); IV (follicular neoplasm/suspicious for a follicular neoplasm) 125 (41.6%); V (suspicious for malignancy) 12 (4%); and VI (malignant) 3 (1%). When categorized based on the degree of Hürthle cell change, 59 (29%) were classified as mild, 13 (6%) moderate, and 131 (65%) as predominant. When comparing the results with a multi-institutional FNA cohort (all with surgical confirmation), the presence of Hürthle cells was found to be associated with a lower risk of malignancy in all BSRTC categories, with a statistically significant difference in the BSRTC IV and V groups. The sole exception was when Hürthle cell presence was classified as predominant (defined as >75% of the cellular population); the rate of malignancy was significantly elevated in FNAs interpreted as benign/Bethesda II. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Although Hürthle cells have been considered by clinicians as an "atypical cell," their presence does not increase the risk of malignancy within BSRTC categories overall. However, when predominant Hürthle cell change is present, the risk of malignancy is increased in the benign cytology/BSRTC category II.
NMR study of crown ether motion in two alkalides (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNMR study of crown ether motion in two alkalidesMichael J. Wagner, Lauren E. H. McMills, Ahmed S. Ellaboudy, Judith L. Eglin, James L. Dye, Peter P. Edwards, and Nicholas C. PyperCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 24, 9656–9660Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100203a018https://doi.org/10.1021/j100203a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views132Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Increased coupling between superior anterior temporal and septal-subgenual regions during experience of guilt (2009)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
Ontogeny of electrically excitable cells in cultured olfactory epithelium. (1985)

A primary system has been developed in which it is possible to study the production of electrically excitable neuron-like cells from a precursor population of olfactory epithelial cells. Rat nasal epithelium was dissociated and placed in culture. The initial surviving cells are flat and ciliated and contain glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). After 3-5 days electrically excitable cells appear that contain neuron-specific enolase but not GFAP. These round cells originate by means of the differentiation of the GFAP-positive flat cell to a round cell, followed by the division of the round cell. Therefore, neuron-like cells can be derived from cells that synthesize GFAP.
何谓罗马皇帝？——“帝者，神也” (2004)

凯撒们的统治在一个拥有500万平方公里领土的帝国——今天分成30个国家——中延续500年之久，却迥异于我们熟知的中世纪和现代的那类君主政体。在法国大革命之前，国王们世袭作为他们家族私产的一个王国；这种关于家族及其继承权的虚构不但被平静地接受，而且令人吃惊地轻而易举长存于世。另一方面，罗马皇帝是一个具有高度风险的职位；他们登上皇位并非属于他们个人所有，而只是作为公民社团的被委任者，也就是说公民社团交给了他们治理共和国的任务
Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Stimulates Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor 164 via Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Kinase 3-p38α and p38δ Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase-dependent Pathway in Murine Mesangial Cells (2004)

Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) is a potent inducer of extracellular matrix synthesis leading to progressive glomerular fibrosis. The intracellular signaling mechanisms involved in this process remain incompletely understood. The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is a major stress signal transducing pathway that is rapidly activated by TGF-beta1 in mesangial cells. We have previously demonstrated MKK3 as the immediate upstream MAPK kinase required for selective activation of p38 MAPK isoforms, p38alpha and p38delta, and stimulation of pro-alpha1(I) collagen by TGF-beta1 in murine mesangial cells. In this study, we further sought to determine MAPK kinase 3 (MKK3)-dependent TGF-beta1 responses by gene expression profiling analysis utilizing mesangial cells isolated from Mkk3-/- mice compared with Mkk3+/+ controls. Interestingly, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was identified as a TGF-beta1-induced gene affected by deletion of Mkk3. VEGF is a well known endothelial mitogen, whose actions in nonendothelial cell types are still not well understood. We confirmed that TGF-beta1 increased VEGF mRNA and protein synthesis of VEGF164 and VEGF188 isoforms in wild-type mesangial cells. However, in the Mkk3-/- mesangial cells, both TGF-beta1-induced VEGF mRNA and VEGF164 protein expression were inhibited, whereas TGF-beta1-induced VEGF188 protein expression was unaffected. Furthermore, transfection of dominant negative mutants of p38alpha and p38delta resulted in marked inhibition of TGF-beta1-induced VEGF164 expression but not VEGF188, and treatment with recombinant mouse VEGF164 increased collagen and fibronectin mRNA expression in mesangial cells. Taken together, our findings suggest a critical role for the MKK3-p38alpha and p38delta MAPK pathway in mediating VEGF164 isoform-specific stimulation by TGF-beta1 in mesangial cells. Further, VEGF164 stimulates collagen and fibronectin expression in mesangial cells and thus in turn enhances TGF-beta1-induced extracellular matrix and may play an important role in progressive glomerular fibrosis.
Dynamics filter-concept and implementation of online motion generator for human figures (2003)

In this paper, we describe the concept and implementation of a dynamics filter, an online, full-body motion generator that converts a physically infeasible reference motion into a feasible one for the given human figure. Our implementation of the dynamics filter only uses time-local information, that is, does not require the whole motion sequence in advance. Therefore, the reference motion may be changed online in response to the interaction with a human or the environment. The dynamics filter is implemented based on an efficient rigid-body collision/contact model. This model itself provides an efficient algorithm for dynamics simulation of collisions and contacts. We demonstrate the power of the dynamics filter by several example motions that use motion capture data as a reference.
Diagnosis of laser produced shocks in Tin using short pulse probes (2003)

A complete understanding of shock waves in materials requires comprehensive microscopic understanding of the compression wave. In many materials this is complicated by phase transitions such as solid-to-solid and melting. To study these dynamics we are using short pulse lasers in high time resolution pump-probe experiments to develop a real time diagnostic on the phase of a shocked material. This can enable a probing of the entire phase history of a material as it shock compresses and then releases from the back surface.
Riemannian Calculus of Variations Using Strongly Typed Tensor Calculus (2022)

In this paper, the notion of strongly typed language will be borrowed from the field of computer programming to introduce a calculational framework for linear algebra and tensor calculus for the purpose of detecting errors resulting from inherent misuse of objects and for finding natural formulations of various objects. A tensor bundle formalism, crucially relying on the notion of pullback bundle, will be used to create a rich type system with which to distinguish objects. The type system and relevant notation is designed to “telescope” to accommodate a level of detail appropriate to a set of calculations. Various techniques using this formalism will be developed and demonstrated with the goal of providing a relatively complete and uniform method of coordinate-free computation. The calculus of variations pertaining to maps between Riemannian manifolds will be formulated using the strongly typed tensor formalism and associated techniques. Energy functionals defined in terms of first-order Lagrangians are the focus of the second half of this paper, in which the first variation, the Euler–Lagrange equations, and the second variation of such functionals will be derived.
A horizontally polarized omnidirectional millimeter wave microstrip antenna with miniaturized dual-bent-“S”-shaped structure (2018)

Based on the Alford loop structure, this paper is focused on a miniaturized design of horizontally polarized omnidirectional millimeter wave microstrip antenna for the usage of the future mobile communication systems. 28 GHz is one of the most potential and leading band for the upcoming 5G, and here is selected as the center working frequency of our antenna design. The proposed antenna can provide an omnidirectional radiation pattern in horizontal plane, through the structural design of smoothing the current distributions on the whole radiated loop strip. The whole “leaf” like loop is composed by four equal bent strips, where each two opposite ones are the two wings of the defined “S”-shaped structures on the both sides of our designed microstrip antenna. Furthermore, there is a bent design on each wing to realize the structure miniaturization. In simulation, we can get an effective working bandwidth of around 460 MHz (27.91-28.37 GHz) with the reflection coefficient |5ii| of lower than -10 dB. Besides, in order to do the verification easily, the proposed antenna is scaled up to the size working at the center frequency of 2.4S GHz, the simulated and measured results of which coincide with each other.
Vergleich der absoluten Quantifizierung von Technetium-99m unter Nutzung klinischer Protokolle: NaI- versus CZT-SPECT/CT (2020)

Ziel/Aim Im Vergleich von zwei unterschiedlichen SPECT-Detektortechnologien soll der Einfluss des klinischen Akquisitions-/Rekonstruktionsprotokolls auf den Sensitivitätsfaktor (SF) und die damit verbundene absolute Quantifizierung von Technetium-99m untersucht werden.
Migration and differentiation of nuclear fluorescence‐labeled bone marrow stromal cells after transplantation into cerebral infarct and spinal cord injury in mice (2003)

There is increasing evidence that bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) have the potential to migrate into the injured neural tissue and to differentiate into the CNS cells, indicating the possibility of autograft transplantation therapy. The present study was aimed to clarify whether the mouse BMSC can migrate into the lesion and differentiate into the CNS cells when transplanted into the mice subjected to focal cerebral infarct or spinal cord injury. The BMSC were harvested from mice and characterized by flow cytometry. Then, the BMSC were labeled by bis-benzimide, a nuclear fluorescence dye, over 24 h, and were stereotactically transplanted into the brain or spinal cord of the mice. The cultured BMSC expressed low levels of CD45 and high levels of CD90 and Sca-1 on flow cytometry. A large number of grafted cells survived in the normal brain 4 weeks after transplantation, many of which were located close to the transplanted sites. They expressed the neuronal marker including NeuN, MAP2, and doublecortin on fluorescent immunohistochemistry. However, when the BMSC were transplanted into the ipsilateral striatum of the mice subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion, many of the grafted cells migrated into the corpus callosum and injured cortex, and also expressed the neuronal markers 4 weeks after transplantation. In particular, NeuN was very useful to validate the differentiation of the grafted cells, because the marker was expressed in the nuclei and was overlapped with bis-benzimide. Similar results were obtained in the mice subjected to spinal cord injury. However, many of the transplanted BMSC expressed GFAP, an astrocytic protein, in injured spinal cord. The present results indicate that the mouse BMSC can migrate into the CNS lesion and differentiate into the neurons or astrocytes, and that bis-benzimide is a simple and useful marker to label the donor cells and to evaluate their migration and differentiation in the host neural tissues over a long period.
Interactive troubleshooting guide for accelerators (2002)

Modern accelerators face the challenge of supporting increased machine complexity and higher levels of utilization while relying on downsized maintenance and support groups. To improve system availability, reduce reliance on system experts and provide a systematic approach to problem solving, an interactive troubleshooting guide has been implemented for the CEBAF injector at Jefferson Lab. This guide, which uses a tree structure with appropriate hypertext links, traces problems from a set of "symptoms", through a series of diagnostic tests, to a specific corrective action. This guide is used in conjunction with an active parameter monitoring system that is part of the EPICS control system tool kit. The monitoring system generates operator alarms when injector RF or magnet parameters fall outside pre-set windows. Operators receive immediate feedback when injector components vary from their standard values and the troubleshooting guide provides a systematic means to identify and ultimately correct the problem.
Medium consumption in holographic memories (2009)

The dynamic range of holographic storage media is traditionally characterized in terms of M/#. However, this is a system parameter that assumes simple, uniform plane-wave holograms. Realistic architectures violate this assumption so that M/# measured with plane waves cannot be used to predict system diffraction efficiency. Thus, there currently is no systematic method predicting signal strength and medium consumption for holographic storage architectures a priori. We define a new material parameter, the modulation integral, M(I), and show how this may be used for dynamic range budgeting and diffraction efficiency prediction in complex storage systems. The method is illustrated by applying it to two architectures, collinear and angle polytopic, in order to estimate the M/# required for achieving a target storage density in the presence of empirical optical scatter noise.
Aggregation-induced emission luminogen-based fluorescence detection of hypoxanthine: a probe for biomedical diagnosis of energy metabolism-related conditions (2018)

Hypoxanthine is a well-known indicator of intracellular energy status that is associated with many pathological conditions. We report a fluorescent luminogen (TPE-HPro) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) feature which, along with xanthine oxidase (XO), detects and quantifies hypoxanthine in a "turn-on" manner. The superior detection performance of this fluorometric assay indicates its great potential for biomedical diagnostics.
Conditioned Reflexes and Neuron Organization. (1949)

which is an adjunct to the office of the practicing physician that it should prove especially helpful.The physician or the technician may readily find information about unfamiliar tests or laboratory methods which he has forgotten.The writing is explicit.Each procedure is detailed in step by step construction.For each test, the principles, general considerations, methods of performance, normal values, and interpretation of findings are listed in order.There are good charts and plates summarizing the findings of such essential laboratory data as the cerebrospinal fluid findings in diverse disease conditions, the morphological appearances of red and white blood cells, and the normal and pathological values in hematology.Diagrams are frequently used to illustrate different pieces of apparatus.The print is large, so that the volume may be left open on a table and read from a distance.The construction is sturdy.There is little that can be said against this book.One may rightly assert that the references to source work are too few and that the tests given are not at all inclusive, but these are minor criticisms.They do not detract from the fact that the author has done a first class, clear, practical job.
Google Speech Commands-Musan test set (2018)

Describes an audio dataset of spoken words designed to help train and evaluate keyword spotting systems. Discusses why this task is an interesting challenge, and why it requires a specialized dataset that is different from conventional datasets used for automatic speech recognition of full sentences. Suggests a methodology for reproducible and comparable accuracy metrics for this task. Describes how the data was collected and verified, what it contains, previous versions and properties. Concludes by reporting baseline results of models trained on this dataset.
Object orientation algorithm for sequence images based on adaboost classification (2009)

The paper proposed an object tracking framework based on Adaboost and mean-shift for image sequence. The object rectangle and scene rectangle in the initial image of the sequence were drawn and then, labeled the pixel data in the two rectangles with 1 and 0. Trained the Adaboost classifier by the pixel data and the corresponding labels. The obtained classifier was improved to be a 5 class classifier and employed to classify the data in the same scene region of next image. The confidence map including 5 values was got. The mean-shift algorithm is performed in the confidence map area to get the final object position. The rectangles of object and background were moved to the new position. The object rectangle was zoomed by 10 percent to adapt the object scale changing. The process including drawing rectangle, training, classification, orientation and zooming would be repeated until the end of the image sequence. The experiments result showed that the proposed algorithm is efficient for nonrigid object orientation in the dynamic scene.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Exome Sequencing to Predict Neoantigens in Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Gating strategy for CD8+ T-cell subsets. CM: Central memory; EM: Effector memory; TEMRA: Effector memory expressing CD45RA&lt;/p&gt;