gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Serotonin, stress and corticoids (2000)

There is evidence for stressor- and brain region-specific selectivity in serotonergic transmission responses to aversive stimuli. The aim of the present review is to provide an overview of the effects of different acute and repeated/chronic stressors on serotonin (5-HT) release and reuptake, extracellular 5-HT levels, and 5-HT pre- and postsynaptic receptors in areas tightly linked to the control of fear and anxiety, namely the dorsal and median raphe nuclei, the frontal cortex, the amygdala and the hippocampus. In addition, our knowledge of the impacts of corticoids on serotonergic systems in these brain areas is also briefly provided to examine whether the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis may play a role in stress-induced alterations in 5-HT neurotransmission. Taken together, the data presented reinforce the hypothesis that stress affects such a transmission, partly through the actions of corticoids. However, we are still left with unanswered, albeit crucial questions. First, the question of the specificity of the serotonergic responses to stress, with regard to the site of action and the nature of the stressor still remains open due to the heterogeneity of the results obtained so far. This could indicate that environmental factors, other than the stressor itself, may have enduring consequences on 5-HT sensitivity to stress. Second, the question regarding the role of stress-elicited changes in 5-HT transmission within coping processes finds in most cases no clearcut answer. In keeping with human symptomatology, the need to consider the environment (including the early one) and the genetic status when assessing the effects of stress on 5-HT neurotransmission is underlined. Such a consideration could help to answer the questions raised.
Wood anatomy of the tribe Podalyrieae (Fabaceae, Papilionoideae): Diversity and evolutionary trends (2013)

Detailed wood anatomical data for 32 species from all nine genera of the tribe Podalyrieae are presented, together with numerical analyses and the mapping of character states onto the latest available molecular phylogeny. It was found that trees (Cadia, Calpurnia and Virgilia) have vessels in small isolated groups, whilst fynbos shrubs (the remaining genera: Amphithalea, Cyclopia, Liparia, Podalyria, Stirtonanthus and Xiphotheca) commonly show highly grouped narrow vessels (frequently in a dendritic pattern), and helical thickening on the vessel walls. Comparisons of the main character state changes with the molecular phylogeny of the tribe show that the wood structure of trees probably represents the basic condition in the tribe; character states present in shrubs appear to have arisen a few times and very likely represent adaptations to seasonal water stress. In general, the wood anatomy is congruent with current subtribal and generic delimitations. Fire-survival strategy is reflected in the rays, with seeders having mostly procumbent cells whilst sprouters have square and upright cells. The close similarity in wood anatomy between Cadia and Calpurnia is in agreement with the transfer of Cadia to the Podalyrieae. A remarkable diversity of crystals was found, including prismatic, acicular and navicular crystals, the last two of which may occur singly or in sheaf-like aggregates.
Temperature Characteristics of Photonic-Crystal Lasers Coupled to Si Waveguides (2019)

We experimentally investigated the temperature characteristics of photonic-crystal lasers coupled to Si waveguides. Output light was successfully coupled to the Si waveguides. The laser had a threshold current of 0.023 mA, and it operated at temperatures up to 63.9 degrees Celsius.
Regulation of Angiostatin Mobilization by Tumor-Derived Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (2003)

In recent years, the observation that many endogenous angiogenesis inhibitors are fragments of larger molecules has driven significant research efforts to understand the mechanisms by which these cryptic angiogenesis inhibitors are liberated. Our interest in this area stemmed from our discovery of angiostatin (1), a 38 kDa internal fragment of plasminogen that is a specific inhibitor of capillary endothelial cell proliferation in vitro and angiogenesis in vivo. By inhibiting angiogenesis, angiostatin can induce the regression of a wide variety of malignant tumors (2) and can induce tumor dormancy defined by a dynamic equilibrium of tumor cell apoptosis and proliferation (3). Angiostatin and other angiogenesis inhibitors are currently being evaluated in cancer patients in early clinical trials in the United States and around the world (4). In this chapter, we will outline the reasoning and describe the experimental strategies that we employed in the course of identifying the enzymatic processing system that results in biologically active angiostatin. We will also discuss the clinical implications of our work with regards to the ongoing clinical trials of metalloproteinase inhibitors.
Two different, overlapping pathways of transcription initiation are active on the TATA-less human androgen receptor promoter. The role of Sp1 (1993)

In this study, the minimal promoter requirements of the TATA-less human androgen receptor (hAR) gene promoter are described. The hAR promoter is characterized by a short GC-box (-59/-32) and a long homopurine stretch (-117/-60). Two major transcription initiation sites, AR transcription initiation site I (AR-TIS I, (+1/2/3)) and AR transcription initiation site II (AR-TIS II, (+12/13)) are located in a 13-base pair region (Faber, P. W., van Rooij, H. C. J., van der Korput, J. A. G. M., Baarends, W. M., Brinkmann, A. O., Grootegoed, J. A., and Trapman, J. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 10743-10749). Transient transfection of COS cells with hAR promoter deletion and mutant constructs, followed by RNA isolation and S1 nuclease protection analysis showed that the process of transcription initiation through AR-TIS I and AR-TIS II is regulated by different promoter sequences. The GC-box directed initiation from AR-TIS II but did not affect AR-TIS I utilization, which is dependent upon sequences between positions -5 and +57. Band shift analysis identified the transcription factor Sp1 as the protein interacting with the GC-box. A single Sp1 binding sequence was found to be present in the GC-box. Footprint analysis confirmed the interaction of Sp1 with this sequence. The differential initiation through AR-TIS I and AR-TIS II was substantiated by the introduction of point mutations in the Sp1 binding sequence: only mutations that specifically abolished Sp1 binding interfered with AR-TIS II utilization, but all mutations left AR-TIS I initiation intact.
Cloning and expression of the preS1 gene of hepatitis B virus in yeast cells. (2002)

The HBV preS1 gene was successfully cloned and expressed in yeast cells.
Polyribosomes Associated with Forming Acrosome Membranes in Guinea Pig Spermatids (1978)

Ribosomes, some of which are arranged in polyribosomal configurations, are attached to specialized regions of the acrosomal membrane in guinea pig spermatids. This finding indicates a new functional dimension for the acrosomal membrane, that of protein synthesis, and suggests that during acrosome formation, proteins of the acrosomal membrane or acrosomal contents need not be synthesized before or during passage through the Golgi apparatus.
Expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana immune receptor EFR in Medicago truncatula reduces infection by a root pathogenic bacterium, but not nitrogen‐fixing rhizobial symbiosis (2018)

Interfamily transfer of plant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) represents a promising biotechnological approach to engineer broad-spectrum, and potentially durable, disease resistance in crops. It is however unclear whether new recognition specificities to given pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) affect the interaction of the recipient plant with beneficial microbes. To test this in a direct reductionist approach, we transferred the Brassicaceae-specific PRR ELONGATION FACTOR-THERMO UNSTABLE RECEPTOR (EFR), conferring recognition of the bacterial EF-Tu protein, from Arabidopsis thaliana to the legume Medicago truncatula. Constitutive EFR expression led to EFR accumulation and activation of immune responses upon treatment with the EF-Tu-derived elf18 peptide in leaves and roots. The interaction of M. truncatula with the bacterial symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti is characterized by the formation of root nodules that fix atmospheric nitrogen. Although nodule numbers were slightly reduced at an early stage of the infection in EFR-Medicago when compared to control lines, nodulation was similar in all lines at later stages. Furthermore, nodule colonization by rhizobia, and nitrogen fixation were not compromised by EFR expression. Importantly, the M. truncatula lines expressing EFR were substantially more resistant to the root bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. Our data suggest that the transfer of EFR to M. truncatula does not impede root nodule symbiosis, but has a positive impact on disease resistance against a bacterial pathogen. In addition, our results indicate that Rhizobium can either avoid PAMP recognition during the infection process, or is able to actively suppress immune signaling.
La microfluidique : un nouvel outil pour la recherche en chimie (2011)

International audience
Tailoring the electrochemical properties of 2D-hBN via physical linear defects: physicochemical, computational and electrochemical characterisation (2019)

Monolayer hexagonal-boron nitride films (2D-hBN) are typically reported within the literature to be electrochemically inactive due to their considerable band gap (<i>ca.</i> 5.2-5.8 eV). It is demonstrated herein that introducing physical linear defects (PLDs) upon the basal plane surface of 2D-hBN gives rise to electrochemically useful signatures. The reason for this transformation from insulator to semiconductor (inferred from physicochemical and computational characterisation) is likely due to full hydrogenation and oxygen passivation of the boron and/or nitrogen at edge sites. This results in a decrease in the band gap (from <i>ca.</i> 6.11 to 2.36/2.84 eV; theoretical calculated values, for the fully hydrogenated oxygen passivation at the N or B respectively). The 2D-hBN films are shown to be tailored through the introduction of PLDs, with the electrochemical behaviour dependent upon the surface coverage of edge plane-sites/defects, which is correlated with electrochemical performance towards redox probes (hexaammineruthenium(iii) chloride and Fe<sup>2+/3+</sup>) and the hydrogen evolution reaction. This manuscript de-convolutes, for the first time, the fundamental electron transfer properties of 2D-hBN, demonstrating that through implementation of PLDs, one can beneficially tailor the electrochemical properties of this nanomaterial.
Gulf of Mexico Frac-Pack with a 10% Loading of an Intermediate Strength, Chemical-Infused Proppant-Sized Particle Designed to Provide Long Term Inhibition for Barium Sulfate Scale (2014)

Abstract A new substrate, based on nanotechnology, that has strength greater than an intermediate strength proppant and a high surface area for chemical adsorption has been introduced and applied in deep water well in order to inhibit barium scale deposition for a prolonged period of time and/or a desired cumulative water production. The subsea oil well in 1700 feet of water in the Gulf of Mexico was completed with a frac-pack using a total of 14,881 pounds of proppant. This includes a 10% (1,488 pounds) loading of the solid scale inhibitor product. The well was put on production following the completion. The field design calls for a sea water flood (containing sulfate). The scale inhibitor is designed to desorb into the connate water (containing barium) and to inhibit the formation of barium sulfate scale. The solid product placement with the proppant was monitored to assure a homogeneous distribution of solid chemical particle in the proppant bed. Upon the onset of water production samples were analyzed for the presence of residual scale inhibitor. A residual indicates there is still sufficient chemical in the formation to inhibit scale. When the scale inhibitor residual falls below the minimum inhibitor concentration, and if the water still shows a scaling tendency, the operator has two choices. At that point he can initiate surface treatment through a chemical injection mandrel or perform a scale inhibitor squeeze. A squeeze onto this chemical-laden proppant substrate will last longer than a conventional squeeze that is placed onto the native formation rock. The cost of a well intervention for a deep water sub-sea well can exceed ten million dollars. The cost for an intervention in a deep water dry tree will be less but still significant. By placing a long lasting scale inhibitor into the propped zone, the operator will realize an economic benefit far in excess of the cost of the application. By extending or possibly eliminating the need for a future intervention, the application of this technology can have a significant impact on the well economics.
Optimizing Application Performance on Cray Systems with PGI Compilers and Tools (2006)

NCT06212921 (Registration Date 19-01-2024).
Petroleum Exploration: Abstract (1970)

Abstract Recent studies in petroleum exploration have been concerned with the application of reservoir and production engineering to the problems of migration and accumulation of gas and oil underground. The law of gravity explains the distribution of gas, oil, and water in a reservoir, but the principle of differential entrapment explains why many good traps are dry while adjacent structures are prolific oil fields. This simple principle explains why some traps are gas fields and contain no oil and why gas is trapped down-dip in some areas while synclinal oil occurs in others. In reality, the principle of differential entrapment carries the structural theory to its logical conclusion. Whenever two or more fluids of different gravities accumulate in a trap, the heavier fluid is displaced. This is a fundamental law and is the basis of differential entrapment. Every oil accumulation owes its origin to the fact that a lighter fluid (oil) displaces a heavier fluid (water). Without differential entrapment, there would be no oil fields.
A study of impairments in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (2020)

This study provides important information to help anticipatory guidance for affected people and for the development of therapeutic trials in OPMD.
Countering oversegmentation in partitioning-based connectivities (2005)

A new theoretical development is presented for handling the over-segmentation problem in partitioning-based connected openings. The definition we propose treats singletons generated with the earlier method, as elements of a larger connected component. Unlike the existing formalism, this new method allows detection of filamentous structures linking larger objects. This is demonstrated in attribute filtering on neuron images.
The impact of a lean rounding process in a pediatric intensive care unit* (2011)

Implementation of a lean-focused, patient-centric rounding structure stressing essential processes was associated with increased timeliness and efficiency of rounds, improved staff and customer satisfaction, improved throughput, and reduced attending physician man-hours.
Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Genes: Polymorphism (2006)

Abstract The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) contains genes that code for glycoproteins which play a key role in the immune response. Several features of MHC gene polymorphism indicate that diversifying natural selection has acted upon these genes. Different models of diversifying selection may explain the observed variation.
Recommender Systems and Social Networks: an application in Cultural Heritage (2016)

In the last decade Recommender Systems have become useful tools helping users to find "what they need" from considerable amount of data. One of the more obvious applications of such systems in the Cultural Heritage domain is to assist users when visiting cultural environments (such as museums, archaeological sites, old town centers and so on), providing a multimedia guide that is able to dynamically suggest relevant information available in multiple web repositories (e.g. multimedia sharing systems and on-line social networks). In this paper, we propose a novel recommendation approach that combines several aspects of users -i.e. their preferences (usually in the shape of items' metadata) and interactions within a social community modeled using hypergraphs -together with items' multimedia features and context information within a general framework that can support dierent applications (touristic guiding services for museums, visiting paths recommendation for old town centers and archeological sites, etc.). Preliminary experiments on user satisfaction show how our approach provides very promising and interesting results.
Management and endovascular therapy of ureteroarterial fistulas: experience from a single center and review of the literature (2021)

Level 4, case series.
Dual variational principles with delayed argument (1974)

Abstract This work develops dual or complementary variational principles for functional with delayed argument. Local conditions for the existence of a pair of dual extremum principles are given. It extends the results of B. Noble to the case with delayed argument.
The RDoC approach for translational psychiatry: Could a genetic disorder with psychiatric symptoms help fill the matrix? the example of Prader–Willi syndrome (2020)

The Research Domain Criteria project (RDoc) proposes a new classification system based on information from several fields in order to encourage translational perspectives. Nevertheless, integrating genetic markers into this classification has remained difficult because of the lack of powerful associations between targeted genes and RDoC domains. We hypothesized that genetic diseases with psychiatric manifestations would be good models for RDoC gene investigations and would thereby extend the translational approach to involve targeted gene pathways. To explore this possibility, we reviewed the current knowledge on Prader-Willi syndrome, a genetic disorder caused by the absence of expression of some of the genes of the chromosome 15q11-13 region inherited from the father. Indeed, we found that the associations between genes of the PW locus and the modification identified in the relevant behavioral, physiological, and brain imaging studies followed the structure of the RDoC matrix and its six domains (positive valence, negative valence, social processing, cognitive systems, arousal/regulatory systems, and sensorimotor systems).
Space Bounds for Reliable Storage (2016)

We study the inherent space requirements of reliable storage algorithms in asynchronous distributed systems. A number of recent works have used codes in order to achieve a better storage cost than the well-known replication approach. However, a closer look reveals that they incur extra costs in certain scenarios. Specifically, if multiple clients access the storage concurrently, then existing asynchronous code-based algorithms may store a number of copies of the data that grows linearly with the number of concurrent clients. We prove here that this is inherent. Given three parameters, (1) the data size -- D bits, (2) the concurrency level -- c, and (3) the number of storage node failures that need to be tolerated -- f, we show a lower bound of Omega(min(f,c)D) bits on the space complexity of asynchronous distributed storage algorithms. Intuitively, this implies that the asymptotic storage cost is either as high as with replication, namely O(fD), or as high under concurrency as with the aforementioned code-based algorithms, i.e., O(cD).
A track density model for magnetoresistive heads considering erase bands (1990)

Equations are derived that describe the offtrack behavior of magnetic recording heads with inductive-write-wide, magnetoresistive (MR)-read-narrow in the presence of squeeze and erase bands. The resulting model can be used to predict offtrack performance as a function of trackpitch. It is shown that the offtrack behavior can be broken into five regions in the presence of squeeze and erase bands.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Long-Term Study of Brain Lesions Following Soman, in Comparison to DFP and Metrazol Poisoning (1992)

The long-term histopathological effects of acute lethal (95 micrograms kg-1) and sublethal (56 micrograms kg-1) doses of soman were studied in rats and were compared to lesions caused by equipotent doses of either another cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor, DFP (1.8 mg kg-1), or a non-organophosphorus convulsant, metrazol (100 mg kg-1). Severe toxic signs were noted following one LD50 dose administration of all the compounds, yet only soman induced brain lesions. Moreover, even when administered at a sublethal dose (0.5 LD50), soman induced some histological changes without any clinical signs of intoxication. Soman-induced brain lesions were assessed quantitatively using a computerized image analyser. The analysis was carried out for up to 3 months following administration, and a dynamic pattern of pathology was shown. The cortical thickness and area of CA1 and CA3 cells declined significantly as early as 1 week post-exposure. No pathological findings were detected following DFP and metrazol administration. It is therefore suggested that brain lesions are not common for all ChE inhibitors and that convulsions per se are not the only factor leading to brain damage following the administration of soman. The degenerative process (found also with the sublethal dose of soman) might be due to a secondary effect, unrelated to soman's clinical toxicity, but leading to long-term brain injuries.
Detection of HEVC Double Compression with Different Quantization Parameters Based on Property of DCT Coefficients and TUs (2019)

High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) double compression detection is of great significance in video forensics. In this paper, a novel algorithm of detection of HEVC video double compression with different Quantization Parameters (QPs) based on Property of DCT Coefficients and TUs (PDCT) feature is proposed. Firstly, the impact of Transforming Unit (TU) type and QP on Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficients is analyzed. Next, the PDCT feature is extracted based on the statistical characteristics of DCT coefficients and TUs. Then, the framework of our proposed algorithm is given, consisting of four steps described in detail. Finally, experiments are conducted on high definition videos, which are more common in HEVC, while excluding the influence of video content on the detection accuracy. Experimental results and the corresponding analysis are also provided, demonstrating the superiority of the proposed algorithm to the current state-of-the-art algorithm of detecting HEVC double compression with different QPs.
An Observation of Micro-crack in Transformation-induced Plasticity-assisted Multiphase Steel (2008)

In a transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP)-assisted multiphase steel, the phases around a micro-crack at the initial stage of cracking during wire drawing were observed by a focused ion beam (FIB), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). A novel FIB method, which is termed as “In-plane lift-out” technique, was applied to obtain an overall plan-view of the TEM specimen containing the micro-crack. The equilibrium concentration ratio of Mn in austenite and ferrite was calculated for the alloy and compared with the EDS line profile of Mn concentration across the micro-crack in the TEM specimen. The interface between the ferrite and martensite was identified as the crack initiation site during drawing of this multi-phase steel.