gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Theoretical Reflections on the Formation of Early States in China (2012)

与古代希腊、罗马及日耳曼不同，中国古代国家起源走的是一条构建和谐的道路，即没有打碎氏族制度，而是在普遍存在的氏族组织的基础上滥觞国家的萌芽，国家与氏族长期并存而使早期国家完善与发展。氏族制度的长期存在和发展，这一古代中国独具特色的社会结构是和谐构建之路的深厚社会基础。古代中国早期国家构建过程中，十分关注各个氏族、部落的情、义、利、患等问题。这种关注与社会实践成为构建和谐的基石，也是那个时代的领导者成功的标识。直到古代中国早期国家成熟时，还能够看到构建和谐理念的痕迹。
Accounting for Height in an Analysis of Body Fat and Breast Cancer Risk—In Reply (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Supplementary Figure S4 from Tumor Cell–Driven Extracellular Matrix Remodeling Drives Haptotaxis during Metastatic Progression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S4. Deletion of LERER in MenaINV affects tumor growth in a xenograft model.&lt;/p&gt;
Restricted valency (NPNA)n repeats and junctional epitope-based circumsporozoite protein vaccines against Plasmodium falciparum (2022)

The Circumsporozoite Protein (CSP) of Plasmodium falciparum contains an N-terminal region, a conserved Region I (RI), a junctional region, 25-42 copies of major (NPNA) and minor repeats followed by a C-terminal domain. The recently approved malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01 contains NPNAx19 and the C-terminal region of CSP. The efficacy of RTS,S against natural infection is low and short-lived, and mapping epitopes of inhibitory monoclonal antibodies may allow for rational improvement of CSP vaccines. Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) was used here to display the junctional epitope (mAb CIS43), Region I (mAb 5D5), NPNAx5, and NPNAx20 epitope of CSP (mAbs 317 and 580). Protection studies in mice revealed that Region I did not elicit protective antibodies, and polyclonal antibodies against the junctional epitope showed equivalent protection to NPNAx5. Combining the junctional and NPNAx5 epitopes reduced immunogenicity and efficacy, and increasing the repeat valency to NPNAx20 did not improve upon NPNAx5. TMV was confirmed as a versatile vaccine platform for displaying small epitopes defined by neutralizing mAbs. We show that polyclonal antibodies against engineered VLPs can recapitulate the binding specificity of the mAbs and immune-focusing by reducing the structural complexity of an epitope may be superior to immune-broadening as a vaccine design approach. Most importantly the junctional and restricted valency NPNA epitopes can be the basis for developing highly effective second-generation malaria vaccine candidates.
Low jitter and temperature stable MEMS oscillators (2012)

This paper will provide an update of SiTime's TCXO technology and benchmark 4G & GPS specifications to show that SiTime's MEMS oscillators are capable of meeting these challenging specifications. This MEMS-based TCXO is able to achieve the following which was considered possible only with quartz oscillators: phase noise of -145dBc/Hz @ 10kHz offset and 19.2MHz carrier, frequency stability of 0.2 ppm over industrial temperature range (-40 to 85°C), Allan deviation of 3e-10 using 1 sec averaging time, and random phase jitter of 0.5ps RMS integrated from 12kHz to 20MHz.
High throughput micropatterning of interspersed cell arrays using capillary assembly (2017)

A novel technology is reported to immobilize different types of particles or cells on a surface at predefined positions with a micrometric precision. The process uses capillary assembly on arrays of crescent-shaped structures with different orientations. Sequential assemblies in different substrate orientations with different types of particles allow for the creation of imbricated and multiplexed arrays. In this work up to four different types of particles were deterministically localized on a surface. Using this process, antibody coated microparticles were assembled on substrates and used as capture patterns for the creation of complex cell networks. This new technology may have numerous applications in biology, e.g. for fast cell imaging, cell-cell interactions studies, or construction of cell arrays.
Observation of nonlinear Airy-like beam evolution in lithium niobate (2009)

We report the observation of Gaussian beam fragmentation into Airy-like waveforms during nonlinear propagation. The effect is supported by the high-intensity photovoltaic nonlinearity arising in unbiased pure congruent lithium niobate. The process is found to occur when the nonlinear response is dominated by the nonlocal effects associated with the charge-displacement process.
Studies of CO2Hydrate Formation and Dissolution (1998)

Sequestering waste CO2 in the deep ocean as a gas, liquid, or hydrate has been variously proposed (1−3). We describe experiments producing CO2 hydrate that may eventually assist in developing methodology for large-scale creation of this ice-like substance. We produced a simple and inexpensive system for conducting high-pressure experimentation. We established the minimum ratio of CO2 to water (both deionized water and seawater) needed to produce stable traces of hydrate. We suggested an explanation for the differences observed in forming hydrate from the two media. We demonstrated that hydrate decomposed when exposed to an intermittent flow of water. We proposed a model of pathways involved in forming CO2 hydrate. Previous reports on hydrate formation have emphasized pressure−temperature relationships and ef fects thereon. Our experimentation focused on the amount of CO2 in all phases inside the pressure chamber (designated as Υ-CO2). The minimum Υ-CO2 needed for producing hydrate varied with pressure. Hydrate became unstable and decomposed in intermittently flowing water. Our approach has yielded new information regarding requirements for hydrate formation and the potential for dissolution in the deep ocean
Experiences in Permeability Calculations in the Obayied Field (Egypt) Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (1999)

Abstract Permeability is a key factor in well completion in many reservoirs all over the world. The dependency of permeability on the accurate determination of reservoir total and effective porosity, irreducible and movable fluids and the correct correlation between the pore throat and the pore body made it a real challenge. The capability of the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance to provide effective and total porosity, capillary bound fluids and movable fluids provides means for better estimation of rock permeability. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Log (MRIL) was run in two cored wells in Obaiyed field in Egypt to determine the variation in rock permeability to better design well completion program and select best perforation intervals. Obaiyed field is a gas sandstone reservoir with low porosity ranging between 5 to 10 porosity units. Obtaining a reliable permeability in this reservoir faced two challenges; the first due to the reservoir heterogeneity while the second due to the drilling mud. The reservoir rock is heterogeneous and varies from very fine, fine to coarse-grained sandstone. The coarse grained sands represent the high permeability zones, which are imbedded within the fine-grained sand. The key issue in this reservoir is to determine the locations of these high permeability zones within the fine-grained sand beds for well stimulation planning. The determination of the T2 cut-off for both the fine and the coarse grained sands, which vary with depth due to the reservoir heterogeneity, generated a great challenge in determining the formation permeability. A function depending on an average of the T2 distribution is developed to provide the segregation. The wells in Obaiyed field are drilled with oil base mud with very long relaxation time T1 that even exceeds the gas relaxation time. This property of the oil base mud, if it is not taken into account in logging and interpretation, makes it difficult to obtain a reliable porosity since the NMR will under-polarize the invading OBM as well as the residual formation gas. The time domain analysis technique (TDA) was used to overcome this problem. In this paper, our experiences in such complex situation is discussed, core analysis is provided, core to log calibration in two wells is presented and recommendations for future applications in Obayied and other similar fields are suggested.
A NEW FEMORAL FIXATION TECHNIQUE IN ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION WITH AUTOLOGOUS HAMSTRING TENDONS (2012)

Tibial and femoral bone tunnel widening (TW) has been observed following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. We developed a I‡12 mm cannulated cancellous screw (Intercondylar Ligament Screw, ICLS) for femoral fixation to reduce TW. The purpose of this study is to introduce our surgical method and its results. We employed an original ICLS system developed to reduce the needed distance between the tibial and femoral-fixation points (distance between fixation points, DbF) in ACL reconstruction. Five-strand (sometimes four or six-strand) hamstring grafts are connected to the ICLS. Tibial fixation is achieved with a Ligament Tension Screw, which had been developed by Murase et al. rom 2001 to 2008, 169 knees underwent ACL reconstruction at our hospitals using our ICLS system. TW was evaluated by radiographs at least three months postoperatively. An enlargement of more than 2 mm was considered TW. The following was also evaluated: range of motion, the limb symmetry index (LSI, injured leg divided by uninjured and multiplied by 100), value of knee extension power in OKC, anterior knee laxity, Lysholm score, and DbF. The average length of DbF was 38.1 mm (n=132). Only 6.7% (n=104) of cases showed more than 2 mm of TW. Mean LSI was 83.3%(n=77) four months postoperatively. The mean Lysholm score was 96.2(n=68) at three months after ACL reconstruction. The mean side-to-side difference in anterior tibial translation, measured with use of a KT-2000 or Knee Lax, was 1.60 mmi1/4N=57i1/4‰. We were able to reduce TW after ACL reconstruction using our ICLS system with good results.
Detection using block QR decomposition for MIMO HetNets (2014)

Interference management between uncoordinated eNBs and UEs is a crucial aspect of Heterogeneous Networks in LTE, especially if the interference can be exploited at the receiver. In this paper, a novel preprocessing Block QR decomposition technique is proposed for a low-complexity maxlog-MAP receiver, for interference detection in a 4×4 HetNet scenario. The authors show that for various SNR, the proposed receiver detection scheme has minimal mutual information loss for Gaussian signals for the 4×4 and 8×8 case. The proposed preprocessing method is implemented in an LTE simulation test bench with practical codes and compared with a brute-force search max-log-MAP algorithm.
Heterodyne detection of wavelength-swept super-dense WDM signal employing spectrum shaping (2009)

A spectrum shaping technique is proposed for a previously proposed wavelength-swept wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transmitter to allow it to be employed for heterodyne detection in the receiver side. With this technique, image rejection for all channels is performed on the transmitting side using a single optical periodic filter, therefore image-induced crosstalk can be suppressed. Furthermore, the selective heterodyne detection of a multi-channel 1.0 Gbit/s/ch super-dense WDM is demonstrated using a 12.5 GHz MZI filter as the spectrum shaping filter.
Additive Manufacturing of a Shredder (2021)

Abstract Shredders have become an indispensable pail of modern life. Variety of shredders are available for different purposes such as Paper shredders, metal shredders, etc. They come in different sizes, ranging from small sizes for household applications to large sizes for industrial applications. These shredders are used to break down the material into smaller pieces so that they could be disposed of more easily and efficiently. Currently, these shredders are majorly used by large industries for waste disposal systems. This process of shredding the large waste produced by common households by itself will take an enormous amount of energy when accumulated overall as they mainly use fossil fuels for this purpose. This can be reduced by reducing to an extent if all the possible household waste is manually shredded at houses themselves instead of taking it to the industries. For this purpose. in this study, an economical shredder that has the capability to plastics, wood, and few low strength metals like aluminium has been designed. Beginning with a base design and have worked to improvise it in considered parameters. These parameters are the shredder being efficient, economical, and lighter. The design was repaired and optimized in Meshmixer Software and then sliced in Ultimaker Cura Software and was made 3-D printable. The developed model was found to be more helpful than the conventional shredders, as to its economical viability, ease in use and handling, and to its efficiency in shredding the plastics. As a result, a successful and efficient design of a portable shredder has been developed.
Knee Articular Cartilage Segmentation from MR Images (2018)

Articular cartilage (AC) is a flexible and soft yet stiff tissue that can be visualized and interpreted using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for the assessment of knee osteoarthritis. Segmentation of AC from MR images is a challenging task that has been investigated widely. The development of computational methods to segment AC is highly dependent on various image parameters, quality, tissue structure, and acquisition protocol involved. This review focuses on the challenges faced during AC segmentation from MR images followed by the discussion on computational methods for semi/fully automated approaches, whilst performances parameters and their significances have also been explored. Furthermore, hybrid approaches used to segment AC are reviewed. This review indicates that despite the challenges in AC segmentation, the semi-automated method utilizing advanced computational methods such as active contour and clustering have shown significant accuracy. Fully automated AC segmentation methods have obtained moderate accuracy and show suitability for extensive clinical studies whilst advanced methods are being investigated that have led to achieving significantly better sensitivity. In conclusion, this review indicates that research in AC segmentation from MR images is moving towards the development of fully automated methods using advanced multi-level, multi-data, and multi-approach techniques to provide assistance in clinical studies.
Innovation to reality - introducing state-of-the-art protection and monitoring to existing low-voltage switchgear (2004)

A large array of components with communications capabilities exists for constructing protection, monitoring, and control systems for power distribution equipment (switchgear). While most of these components or devices perform multiple functions, a typical application will contain at least several different devices that must be interconnected to function as a complete system. An example might be multifunction meters coupled with multifunction protective relays, and a programmable logic controller for a complete system. Could it be possible to take the functions of multiple microprocessor-based devices and combine those functions into a single-processor system? Would the new system be able to execute instructions for fast acting overcurrent protection while gathering simultaneous metering data from every circuit breaker in the equipment line-up? In this paper, the authors discuss a unique approach to low-voltage switchgear protection and the process of transitioning this concept to a realworld application. The paper describes the architecture and functionality of this approach and explains how a centrally controlled system can provide advanced monitoring and protection functions much more effectively than existing systems. Installation and field-testing are important steps in the process of introducing new technology. This paper will describe why retrofitting an existing switchgear lineup may be preferable to starting with new switchgear. It will also describe the considerable planning involved in the retrofit process to minimize the effect on the customer's operations. The paper concludes with a discussion of how well the system functioned in an actual operating environment.
Kombination von Cystatin C und CRP als prognostische Parameter für die verbleibende Lebenszeit bei Palliativpatienten (2014)

Hintergrund: Mangelnde Vorhersagemöglichkeiten über die verbleibende Lebenszeit von Patienten in der Palliativbehandlung stellen oftmals eine große Herausforderung für Patienten und Familien, aber auch für die Planung der weiteren Versorgung dar. In der letzten Zeit wurden Serummarker identifiziert, die mit der verbleibenden Lebenszeit von alten und hochalten Menschen korrelieren. Ziel dieser Untersuchung war die Ermittlung des prädiktiven Werts für die Lebenszeit bei Patienten in der palliativen Phase.
Supplementary Figure 1 from p38MAPK Plays a Crucial Role in Stromal-Mediated Tumorigenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file 194K, Senescence-associated beta-galactosidase staining of BJ fibroblasts and treatment of HaCaT-CBR cells with the p38MAPK small-molecule inhibitor SB203580&lt;/p&gt;
Whey Protein‐Sucrose Coating Gloss and Integrity Stabilization by Crystallization Inhibitors (2006)

ABSTRACT: Whey protein coatings protect foods from change and deterioration and can extend product shelf life. However, because they are also made from food materials, whey protein coatings may also change over time if not properly formulated. Whey protein isolate (WPI)‐sucrose high‐gloss coatings, with and without crystallization inhibitors, were formed on chocolate‐covered peanuts. The objective was to determine the effectiveness of crystallization inhibitors on preventing cracking of coatings and loss of coating gloss caused by sucrose crystallization during product storage. The 4 inhibitors tested were lactose, modified starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and raffinose. The WPI‐coated chocolate‐covered peanuts were stored for 119 d in 23%, 33%, and 44% relative humidity (RH) at 25°C. Gloss of the WPI coatings was measured periodically with a gloss‐analysis system. It was found that raffinose is the most effective inhibitor of sucrose crystallization in whey protein‐sucrose coatings. WPI coatings containing raffinose had significantly higher gloss values than all other coatings. For raffinose‐containing samples stored in 23% and 33% RH environments, less than 3% of gloss was lost during storage. In 44% RH, the raffinose coating system had significantly less gloss fade than other WPI‐sucrose coatings. This information can be used to improve the effectiveness of water‐based high‐gloss edible coatings.
A DROPLET-BASED MICROFLUIDIC SOLVENT MICROEXTRACTION SYSTEM FOR THE DETERMINATION OF LANTHANIDE AND ACTINIDE LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION KINETICS (2011)

In this presentation we will describe recent work [1] on a method to obtain liquid-liquid extraction mass transfer coefficients using droplet-based microfluidics. We demonstrated its utility by measuring, for the first time, the mass transfer coefficients of the full series of stable Lanthanides and Yttrium under TALSPEAK conditions, a liquid-liquid extraction system relevant to nuclear waste recycling. The microfluidic system combined the properties of a Lewis cell (constant interfacial area) and a highly stirred tank (rapid mixing capabilities), with the additional benefits of miniaturization, allowing safe experimentation on the radioactive species of interest.
A priori Calculation of Phase Equilibria for Thermal Separation Processes Using COSMO-RS (2002)

The optimal design of thermal separation processes particularly dependent on the underlying thermodynamical data. This data is increasingly obtained by using models such as equations of state, approaches for the Gibbs excess enthalpy, and empirical or semi-empirical estimation methods. Until now, a sufficient and completely theoretically derived description of thermodynamics has only been achieved for single molecules and molecule clusters.
Oscillating-Crucible Technique for Silicon Growth (1984)

Technique yields better mixing of impurities and superior qualiity crystals. Accellerated motion stirs melt which reduces temperature gradients and decreases boundary layer for diffusion of impurities near growing surface. Results better mixing of impurities into melt, decrease in tendency for dendritic growth or cellular growth and crystals with low dislocation density. Applied with success to solution growth and Czochralski growth, resulting in large crystals of superior quality.
A microvascular surgical practice disc for beginners (1983)

Abstract In order to assist beginners in microsurgery in practicing microvascular suturing without the use of an animal model, we devised an apparatus composed of a Lucite disc with Lucite cylinders attached to either side. On the one side, a piece of rubber glove can be attached for practice of either continuous or interrupted suturing. On the other side, four slots in the cylinder permit suture material or simulated blood vessel to be placed and held for practice in tying knots or end‐to‐end anastomosis. The disc apparatus is very inexpensive, durable, and easily obtained.
Blends containing core–shell impact modifiers. Part 4 – Fatigue crack growth behaviour (2004)

Fatigue crack growth measurements have been made on blends of polycarbonate (PC), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(styrene-acrylonitrile) (PSAN) and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with two impact modifiers. In one modifier, the particles have a polybutadiene core and a PMMA shell; in the other, there is a PMMA core, a poly(butyl acrylate-styrene) inner shell and a PMMA outer shell. The overall pattern of fatigue crack growth is similar in all eight blends, but there are significant quantitative differences in ΔK th, the threshold value of the cyclic range of stress intensity factor, and in the growth rate characteristics above ΔK th. These are related to various features seen on the fracture surfaces under the scanning electron microscope, and hence to the mechanisms of deformation and fracture near the crack tip, which include crazing, particle–matrix debonding, and ductile drawing.
Beyond First-Order Uncertainty Estimation with Evidential Models for Open-World Recognition (2021)

International audience
Lipid Peroxidation Is a Consequence of Elicitor Activity (1988)

Elicitor-active preparations from the fungal pathogen of bean Colletotrichum lindemuthianum stimulated the accumulation of products characteristic of lipid peroxidation in treated bean tissues. Bean suspension cells treated with crude and purified elicitors accumulated ;lipofuscin-like pigment' (LEP) and malondialdehyde. The accumulation of LFP after about 6 h of treatment coincided with the onset of visible browning and production of the bean phytoalexins kievitone, phaseollin, and phaseollinisoflavan. The induction of phytoalexins and accumulation of LFP were also triggered by treatments with generators of activated oxygen species, xanthine:xanthine oxidase and Fe:ethylenediaminedi-o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid. These data suggest that generation of active oxygen species may be involved in lipid peroxidation triggered by elicitors.