gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Confidence: the best non-cognitive predictor of academic achievement? (2013)

AbstractRecent efforts to identify non-cognitive predictors of academic achievement and school success have largely focused on self-constructs such as self-efficacy, self-concept and anxiety that are measured with respect to a specific domain (e.g. mathematics). We extend the measurement of the non-cognitive realm in education to incorporate both social and psychological adjustment variables and ratings of confidence in addition to these self-constructs. Our findings show that confidence explains most of the variance in achievement captured by the other self-constructs combined, and that psychological adjustment variables add little to the equation. Furthermore, in contrast to other cognitive and non-cognitive variables, confidence accounts for 46.3% of total variance in achievement, while measures of previous cognitive performance in combination with other non-cognitive variables account for 40.5% of the total variance. We discuss the ways in which confidence is important in education.Keywords: confidenceself-beliefsself-efficacymathematics anxietyself-constructs
Review: Tegaserod or alosetron is effective for the irritable bowel syndrome (2003)

TherapeuticsMarch 1, 2003Review: Tegaserod or alosetron is effective for the irritable bowel syndromeWilliam D. Chey, MD, Joel H. Rubenstein, MDWilliam D. Chey, MDUniversity of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (W.D.C., J.H.R.)Search for more papers by this author, Joel H. Rubenstein, MDUniversity of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (W.D.C., J.H.R.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJC-2003-138-2-050 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationBrandt LJ, Bjorkman D, Fennerty MB, et al. Systematic review on the management of irritable bowel syndrome in North America. Am J Gastroenterol. 2002;97:S7-26. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12425586Reference1 Tougas G, Snape WJ Jr, Otten MH, et al. Long-term safety of tegaserod in patients with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002;16:1701-8. [PMID: 2269961] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (W.D.C., J.H.R.) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails March 1, 2003Volume 138, Issue 2Page: 50 ePublished: 9 March 2020 Issue Published: March 1, 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Final multivariate analysis of obesity and survival in patients with node-positive primary breast cancer: The ADEBAR trial. (2011)

1020 Background: The prevalence of obesity increases throughout most industrialized countries. Epidemiological studies have shown not only an increase in breast cancer (BC) among obese women but also an adverse impact of obesity on BC survivors. This analysis focuses on the impact of obesity on high risk BC patients (pts) treated within the ADEBAR study protocol. Methods: The ADEBAR Trial compared 4 cycles of EC followed by 4 cycles of Doc vs. 8 cycles of FEC (120) in pts with primary BC (>=4LN). 1500 pts have been accrued from sep/01 through may/05. For this analysis data of 1361 pts has been analyzed about the impact of obesity on disease free survival. Therefore pts have been grouped to either underweight (BMI<18.5kg/m²), normal weight (BMI18.5−25kg/m²), overweight (25kg/m<BMI<=30kg/m²) or obese (BMI>30). Results: 13 pts (1.0%) were underweight, 557 pts (40.9%) were normal weight, 491 pts (36.1%) were overweight, 300 pts (22.0%) were obese at the time of study enrollment. After a follow up period of 60 months 87.5% of the underweight group, 70.4% of the normal weight group, 70.7% of the overweight group and 58.6% of the obese group were alive with no signs of recurrent disease (Chi-square=9.355; p< 0.0249). In univariate analysis also overall survival was significantly worse in the obese pts group (p = 0.014). There was no significant difference in survival between patients with normal weight and moderate overweight, respectively. In multivariate analysis, accounting for tumor size, lymph node status, histopathological grading, hormone receptor status, age, menopausal status and type of chemotherapy, not a BMI of greater than 25, but a BMI of greater than 30 was predictive for a significant higher risk for death. (hazard ratio 1.67 [1.14−2.45], p= .008. Additionally, a significant incremental effect for every BMI point could be shown, with an increased hazard ratio of 0.7 % for every kg per square meter. Conclusions: In conclusion, the results of this analysis confirm previous data on the detrimental impact of obesity on the survival of BC patients in this homogeneous group of individuals with high risk disease undergoing chemotherapy.
FFT based sign modulated DWT filter bank (2010)

Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and its generalization, Wavelet Packets (WPs) have acquired central position for signal representation. DWT provides good compaction for low pass signals only. On the other hand WPs offers good approximation property for arbitrary signal but the associated computational cost of finding an optimal WP basis is quite high. In this paper, we introduce a signal conditioning based modulated wavelet transform. The proposed transformation provides better approximation performance than that offered by DWT for signal with arbitrary spectra, which can be used in signal approximation, compression, de-noising etc. The proposed transformation in its original form requires computation of signal parity information for which a fast algorithm is proposed. The proposed transform can be implemented efficiently similar to wavelet transform. Simulation results to demonstrate the improved approximation performance are also provided.
[Evaluation of phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus with the aid of lysostaphin (author's transl)]. (1977)

The Staphylococcus aureus strains HV 1 and K 807 were lyzed by lysostaphin. S. epidermis E 1 and staphylococci extracted with guanidinium chloride were resistant to lysostaphin-induced lysis. In the phagocytosis of S. aureus lysostaphin proved to be most useful for the differentiation between engulfed and extracellular staphylococci, particularly those attached to the surface of the polymorphonuclear granulocytes. It enabled a better recognition of the phagocytized staphylococci and therefore a more precise analysis of the phagocytosis experiments. A further improvement in the evaluation of phagocytosis was possible by the use of radioisotope labelling of staphylococci. This technique in combination with lysostaphin, might be useful for large-scale phagocytosis studies.
5GHz ground-to-air communication link by AeroMACS in high-speed movement scenarios (2017)

System wide information management (SWIM) is a recent concept for providing efficient and safe information sharing in civil aviation. The goal in implementing SWIM is to achieve seamless air traffic management (ATM) services worldwide through the efficient integration of the current ATM systems. In this paper, we consider the wireless media to access SWIM. In the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the aeronautical mobile airport communications system (AeroMACS) is standardized for the next generation airport surface communication system. It is effective to share various types of information among air traffic controllers, pilots, and airport operators, not only on airport surface, but also in taking off and landing by AeroMACS. However, AeroMACS is intended to be used at speeds of 120km/h or below. In this paper, we study the possibility of using AeroMACS while an aircraft is moving at over 120km/h, as would occur in takeoff and landing situations. We conducted flight tests using an AeroMACS standard-compliant prototype system and an experimental aircraft. In the experiments, we obtained a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) to investigate 5GHz ground-to-air propagation. The results revealed that an onboard antenna configuration involving vertical placement at the top and bottom of the aircraft body is effective in achieving multiple input multiple output (MIMO) operation. Additional throughputs measurements showed that it was possible for AeroMACS to access SWIM both in takeoff and landing situations at an aircraft speed of 200km/h.
General Cognitive Impairment as a Risk Factor for Motor Vehicle Collision Involvement: A Prospective Population-Based Study (2018)

This study examined whether cognitive impairment and decline as assessed by a brief mental status screening test is associated with future crash risk in a cohort of older drivers. A three-year prospective study was conducted in a population-based sample of 2000 licensed drivers aged 70 years and older. At the baseline visit, cognitive impairment was defined as <24 on the Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE). Decline was defined as those with a 1-year change in MMSE scores in the lowest quartile (largest decrease). Motor vehicle collision involvement was obtained from the Alabama Department of Public Safety. Poisson regression was used to calculate crude and adjusted rate ratios (RR). There were 278 crashes during the follow-up period. Rates of crash involvement were higher for those with cognitive impairment (crude RR=2.33) compared to those without impairment at baseline; adjustment for potential confounders namely age and visual processing speed attenuated this relationship (adjusted RR=1.26, 95% CI 0.65-2.44). Drivers who experienced a pronounced decline in estimated MMSE scores in one year were 1.64 (95% CI 1.04-2.57) times more likely to have a future at-fault crash compared to those whose scores did not decline. Evaluation of MMSE over time may provide important insight in an older driver's future risk of at-fault crash involvement.
Treating claudication (1988)

agonist like BRL 26830A to have any cardiovascular effect in hypertensive subjects, but it would be interesting to know if this drug, by reducing body weight through its thermogenic action, could lower the blood pressure in obese patients with mild essential hypertension.
A review of time–frequency representations, with application to sound/music analysis–resynthesis (1997)

Analysis–resynthesis (A–R) systems gain their flexibility for creative transformation of sound by representing sound as a set of musically useful features. The analysis process extracts these features from the time domain signal by means of a time–frequency representation (TFR). The TFR provides an intermediate representation of sound that must make the features accessible and measurable to the rest of the analysis. Until very recently, the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) has been the obvious choice for time–frequency representation, despite its limitations in terms of resolution. Recent and ongoing developments are providing several alternative schemes that allow for a more considered choice of TFR. This paper reviews these contemporary approaches in comparison with the more classical ones and with reference to their applicability, merits and shortcomings for application to sound analysis. (Where they have been successfully applied, details are provided.) The techniques reviewed include linear, bilinear and higher-order spectra, nonparametric and parametric methods and some sound-model-specific TFRs.
Direct Thrombus Imaging as a Means to Control the Variability of Mouse Embolic Infarct Models (2011)

This is the first study to demonstrate that the highly heterogeneous nature of the mouse embolic stroke model can be characterized and managed by using near-infrared fluorescent thrombus imaging combined with CBF monitoring to stratify animals into useful subgroups.
Extending MSC for reactive systems (2002)

Message Sequence Charts (MSC) is a visual language that illustrates the scenarios of system operations, offering user-friendly, easy-to-understand behavioral descriptions. Furthermore, High-level MSC (HMSC) provides composition mechanisms to deal with the complexity of the system. However, for MSC to be used to describe complex reactive systems, there should be ways to deal with reactive behaviors that require the system to respond immediately. In this paper, we propose extensions of MSC to describe complex reactive behaviors in a systematic way. We define the formal semantics of the extended features based on process algebra, as well as the visual and textual syntax. The extensions allow structured, systematic and succinct descriptions of complex reactive behaviors.
Contribution à l'étude du métabolisme mitochondrial en vue de son utilisation en investigation clinique (1975)

Doctorat en sciences médicales
Activation of adriamycin by the pH-dependent formaldehyde-releasing prodrug hexamethylenetetramine. (2003)

Previous studies have shown that Adriamycin can react with formaldehyde to yield an activated form of Adriamycin that can further react with DNA to yield Adriamycin-DNA adducts. Because hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) is known to hydrolyze under cellular conditions and release six molecules of formaldehyde in a pH-dependent manner, we examined this clinical agent for its potential as a formaldehyde-releasing prodrug for the activation of Adriamycin. In IMR-32 neuroblastoma cells in culture, increasing levels of HMTA resulted in enhanced levels of Adriamycin-DNA adducts. These adducts were formed in a pH-dependent manner, with 4-fold more detected at pH 6.5 compared with pH 7.4, consistent with the known acid lability of HMTA. The resulting drug-DNA lesion was shown to be cytotoxic, with combined Adriamycin and prodrug treatment resulting in a 3-fold lower IC(50) value compared with that of Adriamycin alone. Given the acidic nature of solid tumors and the preferential release of formaldehyde from HMTA in acidic environments, HMTA therefore has some potential for localized activation of Adriamycin in solid tumors.
Cell Cycle Regulators during Human Atrial Development (1998)

These findings indicate that marked reduction of protein levels and activities of cyclins and CDKs, and marked induction of p27KIP1 in atria, are associated with the withdrawal of cardiac cell cycle in adult humans.
Design of a surgeon-machine interface for teleoperated microsurgery (2003)

It is not uncommon for a microsurgeon to perform 150-200- mu m movements during an operation. Many techniques requiring even smaller movements will not be possible due to the basic limits of human dexterity. To address this need, the authors have begun development of a bimanual telemicrorobotics system featuring high-precision robotic manipulators, which in turn position the microsurgeon's tools. To provide the microsurgeon with effective control of the manipulators, a bimanual surgeon-machine interface (SMI) must be developed. The authors address the design constraints of such an interface and present some possibilities for such a system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Alcohol and disorientation-related responses: III. Effects of alcohol ingestion on tracking performance during angular acceleration (1971)

Most studies of the effects of alcohol on human performance involve static (absence of motion) situations. However, the addition of motion, involved in such activities as piloting an aircraft, might well produce impairments not usually obtained in static situations. \n\nThe present study examined some of the effects of alcohol ingestion on visual tracking performance (eye-hand coordination) during angular acceleration. Following practice and base-line tests of tracking performance in both static (stationary) and dynamic (whole body angular acceleration) conditions, 10 subjects received orange juice which contained 2.0 ml of 100-proof vodka per kg of subject weight; another 10 drank orange juice with a few drops of rum extract added. Tests, conducted 1, 2, 4, 8, and 10 hours after drinking, were in total darkness with the exception of the visual display which was illuminated to recommended levels for cockpit instruments. \n\nStatic tracking errors for Alcohol subjects were significantly higher than those of Control subjects only at the 4-hour session. However, Alcohol subjects made significantly more dynamic tracking errors than Controls during the 1-, 2-, and 4-hour sessions. \n\nThese data suggest that eye-hand coordination may show little or no impairment following alcohol ingestion in static situations, yet may be seriously degraded during motion. \n\n
Semi-insulating semiconductor heterostructures: Optoelectronic properties and applications (1999)

This review covers a spectrum of optoelectronic properties of and uses for semi-insulating semiconductor heterostructures and thin films, including epilayers and quantum wells. Compensation by doping, implantation, and nonstoichiometric growth are described in terms of the properties of point defects and Fermi level stabilization and pinning. The principal optical and optoelectronic properties of semi-insulating epilayers and heterostructures, such as excitonic electroabsorption of quantum-confined excitons, are described, in addition to optical absorption by metallic or semimetallic precipitates in these layers. Low-temperature grown quantum wells that have an arsenic-rich nonstoichiometry and a supersaturated concentration of grown-in vacancies are discussed. These heterostructures experience transient enhanced diffusion and superlattice disordering. The review discusses the performance of optoelectronic heterostructures and microcavities that contain semi-insulating layers, such as buried heterostructure stripe lasers, vertical cavity surface emitting lasers, and optical electroabsorption modulators. Short time-scale applications arise from the ultrashort carrier lifetimes in semi-insulating materials, such as in photoconductors for terahertz generation, and in saturable absorbers for mode-locking solid state lasers. This review also comprehensively describes the properties and applications of photorefractive heterostructures. The low dark-carrier concentrations of semi-insulating heterostructures make these materials highly sensitive as dynamic holographic thin films that are useful for adaptive optics applications. The high mobilities of free carriers in photorefractive heterostructures produce fast dielectric relaxation rates that allow light-induced space-charge gratings to adapt to rapidly varying optical fringe patterns, canceling out environmental noise during interferometric detection in laser-based ultrasound, and in optical coherence tomography. They are also the functional layers in high-sensitivity dynamic holographic materials that replace static holograms in Fourier imaging systems and in experimental Tbit/s optical systems. Semi-insulating heterostructures and their applications have attained a degree of maturity, but many critical materials science issues remain unexplored.
The Sesquiterpene Lactone Dehydroleucodine Shows Potent Anti-Leukemic Activity (2013)

Two known sesquiterpene lactones dehydroleucodine (1) and leucodine (2) were isolated from Gynoxys verrucosa, an herb used in traditional medicine in Southern Ecuador. Their anti-leukemic activity was determined against nine cell lines. Compound 1 showed LD50s between 0.11 and 3.99µM while compound 2 showed no activity, suggesting that the exocyclic conjugated methylene is required for the activity. In an effort to develop more water-soluble analogues of dehydroleucodine, adducts 3-6 were synthesized by a stereoselective conjugate addition of amines to the α-methylene-(γ-lactone moiety. The derivatives showed very low anti-leukemic activity. The structure of all compounds was established by spectroscopic methods and single-crystal X-ray crystallography.
Towards a Formal Treatment of Implicit Invocation Using Rely/Guarantee Reasoning (1998)

Abstract. Implicit invocation [SuN92, GaN91] has become an important architectural style for large-scale system design and evolution. This paper addresses the lack of specification and verification formalisms for such systems. A formal computational model for implicit invocation is presented. We develop a verification framework for implicit invocation that is based on Jones' rely/guarantee reasoning for concurrent systems [Jon83, Stø91]. The application of the framework is illustrated with several examples. The merits and limitations of the rely/guarantee paradigm in the context of implicit invocation systems are also discussed.
2012년 이후 조지아의 대러 정책 변화 - 양상과 요인 - (2021)

이 연구의 목적은 2012년 이후 조지아의 대러 정책 변화 양상을 파악하고, 그것에 영향을 미친 요인을 분석하는 데 있다. 2008년 8월 러시아-조지아 전쟁 이후 조지아의 대러 정책은 적대적이었다. 조지아는 러시아를 ‘점령자’로 규정하고, CIS에서 탈퇴했으며, 외교관계마저 단절했다. 하지만2012년 10월 총선에서 야당이 승리한 이후 조지아의 대러 정책은 극적으로 변화했다. 조지아는 공식문서에서 ‘점령자’라는 단어를 더 이상 사용하지 않고, 이른바 ‘카라신-아바쉬제 면담’을 통해 러시아와의 직접 대화를 시도했다. 또한, 조지아는 우크라이나 위기와 관련한 대러 경제제재에 소극적으로 참여하고, 러시아 국민의 무비자 입국 및 체류도 허용했다.
2012년 이후 조지아의 대러 정책 변화 요인은 다음과 같다. 정치적 요인으로는 ‘저기대효과’를 이용한 이바니쉬빌리 정부의 차별화 전략, 대러 관계 개선을 희망하는 여론 확산, 압하지야 및 남오세티야 문제 장기화에 대한 부담을 지적할 수 있다. 경제적 요인에는 2008년 8월 러시아-조지아전쟁 이후 나타난 경제성장률 하락, FDI 감소, 무역액 감소, 해외송금액에서 러시아의 큰 비중 유지가 포함된다.
NUMERISCHE BERECHNUNG VON HF-ANTENNEN UND DEREN WECHSELWIRKUNG MIT DIELEKTRISCHEN MEDIEN IN DER MRT (2002)

At high field MRI the wavelength within the object under investigation is comparable to the dimensions of the human head or body. The development of MR coils, under notice of all safety aspects, can be speed up dramatically by the use of numerical analysis instead of experimental methods. We use the commercially available software packages CONCEPT and MAFIA. We developed new methods for calculating the rf-fields in given structures driven by current, voltage or power sources. With the use of new NMR-methods the amplitude- and phase distribution of the magnetic rf-field and the distribution of the SAR inside the rf-coils, loaded with phantoms, are measured and compared with simulations. The results of the measurements and the simulations of the magnetic rf-field distribution and SAR distribution show a good correspondence.
Clinical and neuroimaging correlates of cognition in HIV (2019)

This study investigated whether HIV-positive participants, stable on combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), showed cognitive impairments relative to HIV-negative controls; and whether clinical and neuroimaging factors correlated with cognitive function in the HIV-positive participants. One hundred and twenty-six white men who have sex with men, of whom 78 were HIV-positive and stable on cART and 48 were HIV negative, were recruited to this cross-sectional study. The median age of HIV-positive participants in this study was 47. They underwent clinical and neuropsychological evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, including diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Cognitive scores for both groups were compared, and regression models were run to explore the influence of clinical, psychiatric, lifestyle, and neuroimaging variables on cognition. The prevalence of neurocognitive impairment, using the multivariate normative comparison criteria, was 28% in HIV-positive participants and 5% in HIV-negative participants. After covarying for age, years of education, and non-English speaking background, there were significant differences between the HIV group and the controls across four cognitive domains. The HIV group showed significantly higher mean diffusivity (MD) and lower fractional anisotropy (FA) than the control group on DTI. Although anxiety levels were clinically low, anxiety and DTI measures were the only variables to show significant correlations with cognitive function. In the HIV group, poorer cognitive performance was associated with higher MD and lower FA on DTI and higher (albeit clinically mild) levels of anxiety. Our findings suggest that white matter changes and subtle anxiety levels contribute independently to cognitive impairment in HIV.