gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prostate Segmentation in MR Images Using Discriminant Boundary Features (2012)

Segmentation of the prostate in magnetic resonance image has become more in need for its assistance to diagnosis and surgical planning of prostate carcinoma. Due to the natural variability of anatomical structures, statistical shape model has been widely applied in medical image segmentation. Robust and distinctive local features are critical for statistical shape model to achieve accurate segmentation results. The scale invariant feature transformation (SIFT) has been employed to capture the information of the local patch surrounding the boundary. However, when SIFT feature being used for segmentation, the scale and variance are not specified with the location of the point of interest. To deal with it, the discriminant analysis in machine learning is introduced to measure the distinctiveness of the learned SIFT features for each landmark directly and to make the scale and variance adaptive to the locations. As the gray values and gradients vary significantly over the boundary of the prostate, separate appearance descriptors are built for each landmark and then optimized. After that, a two stage coarse-to-fine segmentation approach is carried out by incorporating the local shape variations. Finally, the experiments on prostate segmentation from MR image are conducted to verify the efficiency of the proposed algorithms.
Reflejos sociales del desamparo : la labor asistencial del cabildo Catedralicio y del Concejo en Murcia (1696-1753). (2013)

En este trabajo se pretende analizar las medidas que diversas instituciones, tanto eclesiasticas como civiles, adoptaron para afrontar el problema social del ?desamparo? durante la primera mitad del siglo XVIII en el Reino de Murcia, donde la mayor parte del estado llano sufrio durisimas condiciones de vida. La caridad era un principio vigente en la sociedad espanola del Antiguo Regimen y permitio que los pobres y desamparados fueran atendidos. La mayor parte de las iniciativas procedian del ambito eclesiastico. De este modo, el cabildo catedralicio, el obispado o las ordenes religiosos pusieron parte de sus rentas al servicio de los necesitados. Pero tambien el concejo y los particulares contribuyeron a intentar que la situacion de muchas personas mejorase. Pero lo que se ha comprobado es que, pese a todo, las rentas destinadas fueron una minima parte de lo que se podia haber utilizado. Palabras clave: Desamparo, Beneficencia, Caridad, Cabildo Catedralicio, Concejo. This paper aims to analyze the actions that various institutions, both ecclesiastical and civil, adopted to address the social problem of helplessness in the first half of the eighteenth century in the Kingdom of Murcia, where most of the people suffered hard conditions of life. Charity was a active principle in Spanish society of the Ancien Regime and it allowed the poor and homeless were served. Most of the initiatives came from the ecclesiastical sphere. Thus, the cathedral chapter, the bishop or religious orders used part of their income to service the needy. But the City Council and individuals contributed to attempt that the situation of many people improve. But what has been proven is that, despite everything, the rents were aimed a fraction of what they could have used. Keywords: Helplessness, Beneficence, Charity, Cathedral Chapter, City Council.
Effects of Intraruminal and Intra-Abomasal Additions of Cod-Liver Oil on Milk Fat Production in the Cow (1975)

Four Holstein cows were used in a modified switchback design to show the effect on milk-fat synthesis of (1) control diet, (2) 29.23, 3.92, 6.48, 30.65, 3.44 control diet plus 255 g/day of cod-liver oil in rumen, and (3) control diet plus 225 g/day of cod-liver oil in abomasum. Mean milk yield (kg/day), fat production (kg/day), and milk-fat percentage were (1) 21.87, .79, 3.63; (2) 22.99, .70, 3.05; and (3) 23.02, .75, 3.28. Compared to the post-treatment control period, only one cow decreased in milk-fat percentage on 3 while all cows decreased in milk-fat percentage on 2. Proportions of carbons 16:0, 16:1, 18:0, 18:1, 18:2, and trans-monoene fatty acids of the milk fat were (1) 30.31, 3.24, 10.15, 30.48, 2.59, 7.91; (2) 26.37; and (3) 26.30, 3.72, 10.56, 30.10, 2.96, 9.84. Proportions of rumen volatile fatty acids were not significantly affected by treatment. Proportions of carbons 16:0, 18:0, 18:1, 18:2, and 18:3 fatty acids in the rumen ingesta were (1) 17.28, 47.92, 21.71, 10.59, 2.46; (2) 19.55, 25.90, 37.21, 11.97, 5.39; and (3) 16.90, 50.80, 19.66, 9.11, and 3.23. Fatty acid composition of blood-serum phospholipids were affected by treatment.
Decontamination of SARS‐CoV‐2 contaminated N95 filtering facepiece respirators using artificial sun lamps (2021)

This research shows a proof of principle that artificial sun lamps may be an option to decontaminate SARS-CoV-2 on N95 FFRs. UV doses required for inactivation to levels below detection ranged from 4 to 37·8 J cm<sup>-2</sup> depending on the light source, virus matrix and FFR type.
New β-lactam antibiotics and β-lactamase inhibitors (2010)

β-Lactam antibiotics are currently being developed as monotherapy by only a few companies. The major emphasis in the past 4 years has been the discovery of novel β-lactamase inhibitors or inhibitor combinations that will allow use of β-lactams against multidrug-resistant bacteria. The use of β-lactams as single agents appears to be a limited option for the future.
IMMEDIATE SURGICAL OUTCOMES FOR RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY IN THE UNIVERSITY HEALTHSYSTEM CONSORTIUM DATABASE: THE IMPACT OF HOSPITAL CASE VOLUME, HOSPITAL SIZE, AND GEOGRAPHIC REGION ON 48,000 PATIENTS (2008)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2008IMMEDIATE SURGICAL OUTCOMES FOR RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY IN THE UNIVERSITY HEALTHSYSTEM CONSORTIUM DATABASE: THE IMPACT OF HOSPITAL CASE VOLUME, HOSPITAL SIZE, AND GEOGRAPHIC REGION ON 48,000 PATIENTS Robert E Mitchell, Byron T Lee, Michael S Cookson, Daniel A Barocas, S Duke Herrell, Peter E Clark, Joseph A Smith, and Sam S Chang Robert E MitchellRobert E Mitchell More articles by this author , Byron T LeeByron T Lee More articles by this author , Michael S CooksonMichael S Cookson More articles by this author , Daniel A BarocasDaniel A Barocas More articles by this author , S Duke HerrellS Duke Herrell More articles by this author , Peter E ClarkPeter E Clark More articles by this author , Joseph A SmithJoseph A Smith More articles by this author , and Sam S ChangSam S Chang More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(08)60474-7AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "IMMEDIATE SURGICAL OUTCOMES FOR RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY IN THE UNIVERSITY HEALTHSYSTEM CONSORTIUM DATABASE: THE IMPACT OF HOSPITAL CASE VOLUME, HOSPITAL SIZE, AND GEOGRAPHIC REGION ON 48,000 PATIENTS." The Journal of Urology, 179(4S), p. 164 © 2008 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 179Issue 4SApril 2008Page: 164 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2008 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Robert E Mitchell More articles by this author Byron T Lee More articles by this author Michael S Cookson More articles by this author Daniel A Barocas More articles by this author S Duke Herrell More articles by this author Peter E Clark More articles by this author Joseph A Smith More articles by this author Sam S Chang More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Volatomics in inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome (2020)

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are produced by the human metabolism, inflammation and gut microbiota and form the basis of innovative volatomics research. VOCs detected through breath and faecal analysis hence serve as attractive, non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This review describes the clinical applicability of volatomics in discriminating between IBS, IBD and healthy volunteers with acceptable accuracy in breath (70%-100%) and faecal (58%-85%) samples. Promising compounds are propan-1-ol for diagnosing and monitoring of IBD patients, and 1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,4-diene as biomarker for IBS diagnosis. However, these VOCs often seem to be related to inflammation and probably will need to be used in conjunction with other clinical evidence. Furthermore, three interventional studies underlined the potential of VOCs in predicting treatment outcome and patient follow-up. This shows great promise for future use of VOCs as non-invasive breath and faecal biomarkers in personalised medicine. However, properly designed studies that correlate VOCs to IBD/IBS pathogenesis, while taking microbial influences into account, are still key before clinical implementation can be expected.
Flexural properties of surface reinforced wood/plastic deck board (2007)

Abstract Decking and railing is the largest and fastest growing market for wood–plastic composites (WPCs). Despite WPC's advantages in comparison to lumber, its modulus and creep resistance need to be further improved for demanding structural applications. In this study, WPC deck boards were reinforced by the composite sheets made of commingled glass and polypropylene fiber. Various reinforcement arrangements were carried out to identify the optimal one. Scanning electron microscopy revealed good bonding at the reinforcement/WPC interface. All reinforced samples exhibited considerably increased modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and strain at break. The creep resistance of the reinforced WPC boards was also greatly improved. Creep strain was simulated with Findley's model. Master curves of creep compliance were generated by time–temperature–stress superposition principle. The Prony series was found to be the analytical expression of the master curves with acceptable accuracy. With improved mechanical properties, the reinforced WPC board can be used in more demanding applications. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:281–288, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Automobile hybrid air conditioning technology (2009)

Author name used in this publication: Y. P. B. Yeung
Validation of High-Fidelity Traffic Simulation Models (2000)

A multistage validation framework that accounts for the realistic nature of traffic simulation output data is proposed. The framework consists of conceptual validation and operational validation. The operational validation comprises a qualitative approach, which involves static and animated Turing tests, and a quantitative approach, which involves three levels of statistical tests. Particularly in the third-level statistical test, the autocorrelation and nonstationary nature of traffic simulation output data is emphasized, its implications on validation methods are explored, and a univariate nonseasonal autoregressive-integrated-moving-average (ARIMA) modeling approach is proposed. Finally, numerical results for an actual freeway network are presented. The validation results illustrate that the proposed multistage validation procedure can account for the complexity of the validation task and its conclusions.
The heat‐shock protein/chaperone network and multiple stress resistance (2016)

Crop yield has been greatly enhanced during the last century. However, most elite cultivars are adapted to temperate climates and are not well suited to more stressful conditions. In the context of climate change, stress resistance is a major concern. To overcome these difficulties, scientists may help breeders by providing genetic markers associated with stress resistance. However, multistress resistance cannot be obtained from the simple addition of single stress resistance traits. In the field, stresses are unpredictable and several may occur at once. Consequently, the use of single stress resistance traits is often inadequate. Although it has been historically linked with the heat stress response, the heat-shock protein (HSP)/chaperone network is a major component of multiple stress responses. Among the HSP/chaperone 'client proteins', many are primary metabolism enzymes and signal transduction components with essential roles for the proper functioning of a cell. HSPs/chaperones are controlled by the action of diverse heat-shock factors, which are recruited under stress conditions. In this review, we give an overview of the regulation of the HSP/chaperone network with a focus on Arabidopsis thaliana. We illustrate the role of HSPs/chaperones in regulating diverse signalling pathways and discuss several basic principles that should be considered for engineering multiple stress resistance in crops through the HSP/chaperone network.
Filtered region of interest cone‐beam rotational angiography (2010)

These results indicate the potential of FROI-CBRA to reduce the dose to the patient while supplying the physician with the desired image detail inside the ROI.
Mass Asymmetry and Total-Kinetic-Energy Release in the Spontaneous Fission of[105]262 (1977)

Mass and total-kinetic-energy (TKE) distributions of fission fragments from the spontaneous fission of $^{262}[105]$ and $^{256}\mathrm{Fm}$ have been obtained. No events with anomalously high TKE were observed, contrary to theoretical expectations. The mass distribution from the fission of $^{262}[105]$ is very probably asymmetric and similar to distributions obtained from all spontaneously fissioning systems with the exception of $^{257}\mathrm{Fm}$ and $^{259}\mathrm{Fm}$.
HTTP Redirects in HTTP Adaptive Streaming (2018)

This document motivates the need for clarifications of client behavior
in cases of HTTP redirect to a content delivery network (CDN) when the
redirected object contains relative references. This document focuses
on HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) use cases, but it might be possible
to generalize to other use cases. The goal of this document is to
present the current status of things and to explore potential
solutions.
ESR spectroscopy as a probe of the morphology of hydrogels and polymer-polymer blends (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTESR spectroscopy as a probe of the morphology of hydrogels and polymer-polymer blendsC. G. Pitt, J. Wang, S. S. Shah, R. Sik, and C. F. ChignellCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 9, 2159–2164Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00061a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00061a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views236Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Origins of the short latency vestibular evoked potentials (VsEPs) to linear acceleration impulses. (1999)

These and other results confirm that the linear VsEPs are compound action potentials of the vestibular pathway, the first wave is the response of the vestibular nerve, and they are initiated mainly in the otolith organs.
Stress-induced intrachromosomal recombination in plant somatic cells. (1993)

Levels of induced homologous recombination between chromosomal repeats in plant somatic cells were examined. Transgenic plants of Nicotiana tabacum hemi- or homozygous for pairs of deletion derivatives of the neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII) marker gene integrated at a single genomic locus were produced. Homologous recombination within the overlapping parts of the nptII gene restored the function and the resulting kanamycin resistance was used for scoring recombination frequency. The recombination events were confirmed by the appearance of a characteristic 1245-base-pair EcoRV fragment detected in all kanamycin-resistant clones tested. The rate of spontaneous recombination was found to be related to the copy number of recombination substrates and was 9 x 10(-5) and 19 x 10(-5) for hemi- and homozygote strains, respectively. Ionizing radiation, mitomycin C, and heat shock markedly increased the frequency of intrachromosomal recombination. Low doses of x-rays (1.25 Gy) enhanced the relative recombination frequency to approximately twice the spontaneous value. The presence of mitomycin C increased the frequency of recombination 9-fold and exposure to an elevated temperature (50 degrees C) increased it 6.5-fold. The x-ray and heat shock treatments reduced cell viability to 53% and 8%, respectively. Mitomycin C treatment had no effect on cell survival.
Growing Neural PC-12 Cell on Crosslinked Silica Aerogels Increases Neurite Extension in the Presence of an Electric Field (2018)

Externally applied electrical stimulation (ES) has been shown to enhance the nerve regeneration process and to influence the directionality of neurite outgrowth. In addition, the physical and chemical properties of the substrate used for nerve-cell regeneration is critical in fostering regeneration. Previously, we have shown that polyurea-crosslinked silica aerogels (PCSA) exert a positive influence on the extension of neurites by PC-12 cells, a cell-line model widely used to study neurite extension and electrical excitability. In this work, we have examined how an externally applied electric field (EF) influences the extension of neurites in PC-12 cells grown on two substrates: collagen-coated dishes versus collagen-coated crosslinked silica aerogels. The externally applied direct current (DC) bias was applied in vitro using a custom-designed chamber containing polydimethysiloxane (PDMS) embedded copper electrodes to create an electric field across the substrate for the cultured PC-12 cells. Results suggest orientation preference towards the anode, and, on average, longer neurites in the presence of the applied DC bias than with 0 V DC bias. In addition, neurite length was increased in cells grown on silica-crosslinked aerogel when compared to cells grown on regular petri-dishes. These results further support the notion that PCSA is a promising material for nerve regeneration.
<title>Reliable video transmission over fading wireless channel using joint source-channel adaptation</title> (2000)

This research presents a robust video transmission scheme over fading wireless channels that relies on a coordinated protection effort in handling channel and source variations dynamically. Given the priority of each source packet and the estimated channel condition, an adaptive protection scheme based on joint source-channel criteria is investigated via proactive forward error correction (FEC). A product code is developed based on both the Reed-Solomon (RS) code and rate- compatible punctured convolutional (RCPC) codes. We explore the dynamic programming algorithm in matching the relative priority of source packets to instantaneous channel conditions. To obtain a realistic joint source-channel adaptation scheme, special attention has been paid to the channel status feedback in terms of accuracy and delay, the product code tradeoff, and the involved packetization efficiency. The performance improvement due to adaptation via a dynamic programming solution is demonstrated by simulating the wireless transmission of error resilient ITU-T H.263+ video.
Capture effect in a Rayleigh faded cellular packetspeech system (1996)

Capture probability expressions are presented for a Rayleigh faded packet speech system. Unlike previous studies, this analysis considers a multi-cell system in which interference originates from same cell and co-channel cell users. The effect of cluster size, number of channels/cell and number of users/cell on the capture probability is determined.
Abstract 2792: Development of pharmacodynamic assays for quantifying SMARCA2 protein degradation and target gene expression in response to a SMARCA2 degrader (PRT3789) (2023)

Abstract The SWI/SNF complex plays an important role in controlling gene expression via chromatin remodeling. One of its catalytic subunits, SMARCA4, is frequently mutated in multiple tumor types, and SMARCA4-deficient cells are highly dependent on the other catalytic subunit, SMARCA2, for survival. Therefore, targeting SMARCA2 with selective protein degraders has therapeutic potential in SMARCA4 deficient human cancers. We have previously described the development of a potent and selective SMARCA2 targeted degrader, PRT3789, that demonstrates robust degradation of SMARCA2 protein and excellent preclinical efficacy in SMARCA4-del models (Hulse, et al. 2022). PRT3789 will be evaluated in a Phase 1 clinical trial in patients with SMARCA4-mutant cancer. In order to assess target engagement following clinical administration of PRT3789, we developed two pharmacodynamic (PD) assays to measure SMARCA2 protein degradation and changes in SMARCA2 target gene expression in human peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We used the MSD® S-PLEX platform for the development of a sensitive and quantitative, plate-based immunoassay for determining the protein concentration of SMARCA2 in human PBMC lysates. This assay exhibits a wide dynamic range of detection for SMARCA2 with an LLOD at 1.5 pg/mL, as well as exhibiting acceptable spike recovery and minimal cross-reactivity to SMARCA4. In addition, we optimized the PBMC isolation protocol and lysis conditions to enable sensitive detection of SMARCA2 protein. In order to demonstrate downstream gene expression changes as a consequence of SMARCA2 protein degradation, we developed a secondary qPCR assay. PBMCs from healthy human donors were treated ex vivo with PRT3789 for 24 - 48 hours, followed by RNA-sequencing to identify differentially expressed genes. We refined an 8-gene panel that showed robust expression in PBMCs, as well as consistent and dose-dependent changes in response to PRT3789 treatment. We further calculated a differential gene expression (DGE) score based on expression of this gene panel that correlates with SMARCA2 protein degradation. In summary, we describe the development and characterization of two independent clinically relevant PD assays that can be used to evaluate target engagement in blood samples following PRT3789 administration. Citation Format: Andrew Moore, Carly Bachner, Lalitha Srinivasan, Pradeep Kurup, Alex Grego, Caroline Vitkovitsky, Koichi Ito, Neha Bhagwat, Peggy Scherle. Development of pharmacodynamic assays for quantifying SMARCA2 protein degradation and target gene expression in response to a SMARCA2 degrader (PRT3789) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 2792.
Spatial Resolution Smaller Than the Pixel Size? Yes we can! (2017)

264 x 264 pixels with a 48 m pitch can be used as a detector with an equivalent of over 4200 x 4200 pixels. This enables the flexibility to change the data rate and resolution of the camera without making any physical adjustments to the pnCCD. This flexibility is achieved entirely through software, using an understanding of charge distribution within the pnCCD and careful post processing and reconstruction of each X-ray event. We will present this method in detail, along with laboratory applications of sub pixels resolution.