gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Experimental Study of Heat Adaptation of Bioabsorbable Craniofacial Meshes and Plates (2007)

Intraoperative heating of bioabsorbable plates and mesh panels to above the glass transition temperature is commonly performed to assist their adaptation to bone. Some studies suggest that once heat-adapted, such implants under certain conditions tend to partially revert to their preadapted shape, termed a "memory effect." We investigated this phenomenon by using heat-adapted 82:18 poly-L-lactic acid:polyglycolic acid copolymer mesh panel and plate specimens with a glass transition temperature of 57 degrees C. The specimens retained limited malleability even at temperatures as low as 45 degrees C, substantially below the nominal glass transition temperature, as measured by shape relaxation experiments. At 40 degrees C to 42 degrees C, however, shape relaxation was not observed. A three-dimensional synthetic bone construct was also fixated using 90 degrees C heat-adapted plates, then incubated in a 37 degrees C buffer bath for 4 weeks, with periodic measurement of the shape of the construct. No changes in shape were recorded over this interval, suggesting that heat-adapted bioabsorbable implants forming a three-dimensional fixation network with multiple bone fragments cannot independently shape relax with the overall interconnectedness of the network ensuring its stability over time.
Effect of Zinc Oxide Film Deposition Position on the Characteristics of Zinc Oxide Thin Film Transistors Fabricated by Low-Temperature Magnetron Sputtering (2008)

Effect of Zinc Oxide Film Deposition Position on the Characteristics of Zinc Oxide Thin Film Transistors Fabricated by Low-Temperature Magnetron Sputtering, Takechi, Kazushige, Nakata, Mitsuru, Eguchi, Toshimasa, Otsuki, Shigeyoshi, Yamaguchi, Hirotaka, Kaneko, Setsuo
Effect of pentobarbital on fructose 2,6-bisphosphate metabolism in isolated rat hepatocytes (1985)

Addition of the commonly used anesthetic pentobarbital to hepatocytes from fed rats resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the level of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. At a concentration of pentobarbital (0.4 mM) that lowered fructose 2,6-bisphosphate by 60%, there was no significant change in the level of fructose 6-phosphate, ATP, or L-glycerol 3-phosphate. Higher concentrations of pentobarbital (2 mM) enhanced both glycolysis and glycogenolysis and fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels were reduced to less than 10% of the control. Concomitant with these changes there was a decrease in ATP, glucose 6-phosphate, and fructose 6-phosphate and a two- and fivefold increase in ADP and AMP, respectively. In hepatocytes from starved rats pentobarbital also lowered ATP levels and inhibited gluconeogenesis but had no effect on either lactate production or the already low level of sugar diphosphate. However, in the fasted case pentobarbital completely prevented the 10-fold elevation of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate brought about by 30 mM glucose. The anesthetic had no effect on cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity or on pyruvate kinase activity in hepatocytes from fed or starved rats but caused reciprocal changes in the activities of the bifunctional enzyme 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase. Kinase activity was decreased and bisphosphatase activity was increased. These results suggest that the effects of pentobarbital on gluconeogenesis and glycolysis are due to inhibition of energy metabolism with elevated AMP levels causing activation of 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase and inhibition of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Compliant Layer Acetabular Cups: Friction Testing of a Range of Materials and Designs for a New Generation of Prosthesis that Mimics the Natural Joint (2006)

Total joint replacements (TJRs) have a limited lifetime, but the introduction of components that exhibit good lubricating properties with low friction and low wear could extend the life of TJRs. A novel acetabular cup design using polyurethane (PU) as a compliant layer (to mimic the natural joint) has been developed. This study describes a series of friction tests that have been used to select the most appropriate material, optimize the design parameters, and fine-tune the manufacturing processes of these joints. To determine accurately the mode of lubrication under which these joints operate, a synthetic lubricant was used in all these tests. Friction tests were carried out to assess the lubrication of four PU bearing materials. Corethane 80A was the preferred material and was subjected to subsequent testing. Friction tests conducted on acetabular cups, manufactured using Corethane 80A articulating against standard, commercially available femoral heads, demonstrated friction factors approaching those for full-fluid-film lubrication with only approximately 1 per cent asperity contact. As the joint produces these low friction factors within less than half a walking cycle after prolonged periods of loading, start-up friction was not considered to be a critical factor. Cups performed well across the full range of femoral head sizes, but a number of samples manufactured with reduced radial clearances performed with higher than expected friction. This was caused by the femoral head being gripped around the equator by the low clearance cup. To avoid this, the cup design was modified by increasing the flare at the rim. In addition to this the radial clearance was increased. As the material is incompressible, a radial clearance of 0.08 mm was too small for a cup diameter of 32 mm. A clearance of between 0.10 and 0.25 mm produced a performance approaching full-fluid-film lubrication. This series of tests acted as a step towards the optimization of the design of these joints, which has now led to an in vivo ovine model.
Assessment of lisavanbulin (BAL101553) as an anti-lymphoma agent (2023)

Abstract Microtubules are major components of the cellular cytoskeleton, ubiquitously founded in all eukaryotic cells. They are involved in mitosis, cell motility, intracellular protein and organelle transport, and maintenance of cytoskeletal shape. Avanbulin (BAL27862) is a microtubule-targeted agent (MTA) that promotes tumor cell death by destabilization of microtubules. Due to its unique binding to the colchicine site of tubulin, differently from other MTAs, avanbulin has previously shown activity in solid tumor cell lines. Its prodrug, lisavanbulin (BAL101553), has shown early signs of clinical activity, especially in tumors with high EB1 expression. Here, we assessed the preclinical anti-tumor activity of avanbulin in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and the pattern of expression of EB1 in DLBCL cell lines and clinical specimens. Avanbulin showed a potent in vitro anti-lymphoma activity, which was mainly cytotoxic with potent and rapid apoptosis induction. Median IC50 was around 10nM in both activated B cell like (ABC) and germinal center B cell like (GCB) DLBCL. Half of the cell lines tested showed an induction of apoptosis already in the first 24h of treatment, the other half in the first 48h. EB1 showed expression in DLBCL clinical specimens, opening the possibility for a cohort of patients that could potentially benefit from treatment with lisavanbulin. These data show the basis for further preclinical and clinical evaluation of lisavanbulin in the lymphoma field.
Designing New Materials from Wheat Protein (2004)

We recently discovered that wheat gluten could be formed into a tough, plasticlike substance when thiol-terminated, star-branched molecules are incorporated directly into the protein structure. This discovery offers the exciting possibility of developing biodegradable high-performance engineering plastics and composites from renewable resources that are competitive with their synthetic counterparts. Wheat gluten powder is available at a cost of less than dollars 0.5/lb, so if processing costs can be controlled, an inexpensive alternative to synthetic polymers may be possible. In the present work, we demonstrate the ability to toughen an otherwise brittle protein-based material by increasing the yield stress and strain-to-failure, without compromising stiffness. Water absorption results suggest that the cross-link density of the polymer is increased by the presence of the thiol-terminated, star-branched additive in the protein. Size-exclusion high performance liquid chromatography data of molded tri-thiol-modified gluten are consistent with that of a polymer that has been further cross-linked when compared directly with unmodified gluten, handled under identical conditions. Remarkably, the mechanical properties of our gluten formulations stored in ambient conditions were found to improve with time.
Decrease of T-cells exhaustion markers programmed cell death-1 and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 and plasma IL-10 levels after successful treatment of chronic hepatitis C (2020)

During chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, both CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cells become functionally exhausted, which is reflected by increased expression of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (Tim-3), and elevated anti-inflammatory interleukin 10 (IL-10) plasma levels. We studied 76 DAA-treated HCV-positive patients and 18 non-infected controls. Flow cytometry measured pretreatment frequencies of CD4<sup>+</sup>PD-1<sup>+</sup>, CD4<sup>+</sup>PD-1<sup>+</sup>Tim-3<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup>PD-1<sup>+</sup>Tim-3<sup>+</sup> T-cells and IL-10 levels measured by ELISA were significantly higher and CD4<sup>+</sup>PD-1<sup>-</sup>Tim-3<sup>-</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup>PD-1<sup>-</sup>Tim-3<sup>-</sup> T-cells were significantly lower in patients than in controls. Treatment resulted in significant decrease of CD4<sup>+</sup>Tim-3<sup>+</sup>, CD8<sup>+</sup>Tim-3<sup>+</sup>, CD4<sup>+</sup>PD-1<sup>+</sup>Tim-3<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup>PD-1<sup>+</sup>Tim-3<sup>+</sup> T-cell frequencies as well as IL-10 levels and increase in CD4<sup>+</sup>PD-1<sup>-</sup>Tim-3<sup>-</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup>PD-1<sup>-</sup>Tim-3<sup>-</sup> T-cells. There were no significant changes in the frequencies of CD4<sup>+</sup>PD-1<sup>+</sup> T-cells, while CD8<sup>+</sup>PD-1<sup>+</sup> T-cells increased. Patients with advanced liver fibrosis had higher PD-1 and lower Tim-3 expression on CD4<sup>+</sup>T-cells and treatment had little or no effect on the exhaustion markers. HCV-specific CD8<sup>+</sup>T-cells frequency has declined significantly after treatment, but their PD-1 and Tim-3 expression did not change. Successful treatment of chronic hepatitis C with DAA is associated with reversal of immune exhaustion phenotype, but this effect is absent in patients with advanced liver fibrosis.
Coplanar waveguide feed for microstrip patch antennas (1992)

A coplanar waveguide (CPW) loop is shown to be an effective low VSWR feed for microstrip antennas. The low VSWR transition between the CPW and the antenna is obtained without the use of a matching circuit, and it is relatively insensitive to the position of the antenna and the feed.
2,6-Pyridinedicarboxylic Acid, 1-Oxide (2009)

[15905-16-5] C7H5NO5 (MW 183.12)





InChI = 1S/C7H5NO5/c9-6(10)4-2-1-3-5(7(11)12)8(4)13/h1-3H,(H,9,10)(H,11,12)



InChIKey = JWCYHGVYVDMHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N



(used as a ligand in oxidizing organic compounds with metal cations such as ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) or silver II oxide (AgO)1, 2)



Alternate Name: 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid N-oxide; pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid N-oxide; PDNO; PDANO; PDCANO; dipicolinic acid N-oxide.



Physical Data: white crystals; mp 155–157 °C.2



Solubility: acetonitrile, water, dimethylsulfoxide, chloroform.1



Form Supplied in: not widely available.



Analysis of Reagent Purity: 1H, 13C NMR in CDCl3,4 DMSO-d6;5 mp 155–157 °C;2 CHN analysis.2, 4, 5,



Preparative Methods: 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid N-oxide can be prepared from pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid by oxidation with 30% aqueous hydrogen peroxide in the presence of Na2WO4·2H2O at 90–100 °C.3 The N-oxide can also be prepared by oxidation of the sodium or potassium salts of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid with peracetic acid or aqueous hydrogen peroxide.2, 4
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Reverse signaling through GITR ligand enables dexamethasone to activate IDO in allergy. (2007)

Glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR) on T cells and its natural ligand, GITRL, on accessory cells contribute to the control of immune homeostasis. Here we show that reverse signaling through GITRL after engagement by soluble GITR initiates the immunoregulatory pathway of tryptophan catabolism in mouse plasmacytoid dendritic cells, by means of noncanonical NF-kappaB-dependent induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). The synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone administered in vivo activated IDO through the symmetric induction of GITR in CD4(+) T cells and GITRL in plasmacytoid dendritic cells. The drug exerted IDO-dependent protection in a model of allergic airway inflammation. Modulation of tryptophan catabolism via the GITR-GITRL coreceptor system might represent an effective therapeutic target in immune regulation. Induction of IDO could be an important mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory action of corticosteroids. PMID: 17417651
Trimless high precision ratioed resistors in D/A and A/D converters (1995)

Investigations into realization of high precision ratioed resistors in standard CMOS and BiCMOS processes have been carried out. The results indicate that the layout of the resistors can be optimized with respect to area and matching requirements to yield relative accuracy better than 0.25%. Using an intermeshed ladder architecture, fast converters with resolution up to 10 b are realizable without trimming.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Crystal structure of taxuspinanane A acetonitrile solvate, C47H59NO14 · CH3CN (2006)

Abstract C 49 H 62 N 2 O 14 , orthorhombic, P 2 1 2 1 2 1 (no. 19), a = 9.46370(3)Å, b = 12.29468(3) Å, c = 40.46176(4) Å, V = 4707.9 Å 3 , Z = 4, R gt (F) = 0.102, wR ref (F) = 0.099, T = 150 K.
Molecular structure of tropone from its 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum in a nematic solvent (1972)

Good agreement between experimental (from the 1H n.m.r. spectrum in a nematic solvent) and calculated direct coupling constants for tropone in solution rules out large anharmonic puckering modes and indicates slight bond alternation in the seven-membered ring.
Redesign of the ΦΨ-manipulator : improving the ΦΨ‐manipulator to accommodate the new ΘZ‐manipulator from the robotic surgical slave SOFIE (2011)

This report elaborates on the PhD thesis of L.J.M van den Bedem [1] and a previous internship by M. van Eekelen [2]. Van den Bedem developed a demonstrator slave for robotic minimally invasive surgery which is used in combination with a master device. The setup consists of a pre-surgical setup and two instrument-manipulators. M. van Eekelen redesigned the TZ-manipulator and the result is a more compact manipulator with an increased range for the instrument-tube. The goal of this internship is to find similar improvements for the part of the instrument-manipulator that provides the F and ¿ DoF, called the F¿-manipulator.\nThe report describes the setup of the demonstrator slave and shows the changes made to the TZmanipulator. There have already been some developments on the F¿-manipulator and the realized\nversions are discussed. A brief chapter is dedicated to new concepts for the manipulator and it is shown why these concepts are not preferred over the double parallelogram that is used in the current F¿-manipulator. The result is a F¿-manipulator with an increased range in ¿-direction. Furthermore, a weight reduction and an increase in stiffness is achieved. The neutral position of the TZ-manipulator is tilted forward and lowered. The parallelogram-frame is kept the same, as is the range in F-direction. The mounting positions of the TZ-manipulator are changed which leads to smaller and lighter components of the F¿-manipulator. To complete the redesign further investigation is required on the actuation in F-direction, and the double parallelogram structure could be further improved in terms of mass and stiffness, by application of finite element methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Spontaneous Volume Magnetostriction in Ln2Fe14B Compounds. (1987)

Abstract The thermal expansion of Ln2Fe14B (Ln: La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb‐Er, Lu) has been measured in the temp. range 4.2‐1000 K and that of Th 2 Fe 14 B above room temperature.
[Intraoperative echography in biliary tract surgery. A comparative study of intraoperative echography/cholangiography in the detection of calculi in the common bile duct]. (1993)

We report 3 years of experience with operative ultrasonography on 200 patients who underwent cholecystectomy for biliary lithiasis. Intraoperative ultrasonography and intraoperative cholangiography were performed on all of these patients and compared with the operative findings. The diagnostic accuracy of sonography was 98% and that of cholangiography 96% in the whole patient group. The predictive value of a positive ultrasonography was 92.5% while that of a positive cholangiogram was lower at 81.5%. In 32 patients who underwent surgical exploration of the common duct the use of these two intraoperative screening tests together led to a positive common duct exploration in 75% of the patients. Overall morbidity in this series was 4.8% against 12.8% (common duct exploration) and retained stones following duct exploration were present in 1 patient in intra-hepatic situation. The overall mortality rate of the entire patient group was 0%. Operative ultrasonography of the biliary tract as a screening procedure is a reliable method, a possible substitute for operative cholangiography, but perhaps in reality both methods are complementary.
Capsaicin-sensitive afferent fibers contribute to gastric mucosal blood flow response to electrical vagal stimulation (1990)

Electrical stimulation of the peripheral vagus produces a noncholinergic increase in gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) via unknown mechanisms. The purpose of this study was 1) to investigate whether a portion of the increase in GMBF during prolonged electrical vagal stimulation involves a mechanism separate from augmented acid secretion and 2) to determine whether antidromic activation of afferent fibers contributes to the vascular or secretory responses to electrical vagal stimulation. Electrical vagal stimulation (40 V, 6 Hz, 2 ms) applied for 30 min to the distal cut end of the subdiaphragmatic ventral vagus significantly increased gastric acid secretion and GMBF measured by hydrogen gas clearance. Atropine (0.15 mg/kg iv) or omeprazole (10 mumol/kg iv) completely abolished the secretory response to electrical vagal stimulation, while a significant increase in GMBF remained. Pretreatment with perineural application of the sensory neurotoxin capsaicin to both cervical vagi significantly reduced by 48% the increase in GMBF but not gastric acid secretion; atropine completely abolished the remaining vascular response in capsaicin-treated rats. These results suggest that prolonged electrical vagal stimulation induces a sustained increase in GMBF partially independent of augmented acid secretion and that the noncholinergic portion of the vascular response is mediated by capsaicin-sensitive vagal afferent fibers.
Impedimetric Aptasensor for Thrombin Detection (2011)

The goal of this work is to develop an impedimetric aptasensor sensitive, selective and stable for detection of thrombin. Thiol modified aptamer sequence being grafted on gold electrode, the faradic electrochemical impedance measurements allow the direct detection of thrombin in the range of 3.1–200 ngmL−1 with a detection limit of 3.1 ngmL−1 (80 fM). This study demonstrates that these aptasensors exhibit high sensitivity, high selectivity (compared to a model protein, BSA), stability and reproducibility.
Stable Carbonium Ions. XXXV.1 Pentafluorophenylcarbonium Ions (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStable Carbonium Ions. XXXV.1 Pentafluorophenylcarbonium IonsGeorge A. Olah and Melvin B. ComisarowCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 4, 1027–1028Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00980a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00980a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views159Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Time-resolved measurements of key intermediate products during cyclopentanone pyrolysis in a shock tube (2020)

The pyrolysis of cyclopentanone, a promising biofuel candidate identified by the Department of Energy’s Co-Optima program, is investigated in this work. Time resolved measurements of carbon monoxide, ethylene, and cyclopentanone are provided to gain a detailed understanding of the unimolecular decomposition pathway of the fuel. Experiments were conducted between 1156-1312 K near 9 atm with 0.1% fuel loading balanced in argon. A strategy to report species concentration with interference is presented and the measurements obtained are crucial validation targets for the development of detailed chemical kinetic mechanisms used to predict fuel chemistry.
The entropic bond in colloidal crystals (2019)

A vast array of natural phenomena can be understood through the long-established schema of chemical bonding. Conventional chemical bonds arise through local gradients resulting from the rearrangement of electrons; however, it is possible that the hallmark features of chemical bonding could arise through local gradients resulting from nonelectronic forms of mediation. If other forms of mediation give rise to "bonds" that act like conventional ones, recognizing them as bonds could open new forms of supramolecular descriptions of phenomena at the nano- and microscales. Here, we show via a minimal model that crowded hard-particle systems governed solely by entropy exhibit the hallmark features of bonding despite the absence of chemical interactions. We quantitatively characterize these features and compare them to those exhibited by chemical bonds to argue for the existence of entropic bonds. As an example of the utility of the entropic bond classification, we demonstrate the nearly equivalent tradeoff between chemical bonds and entropic bonds in the colloidal crystallization of hard hexagonal nanoplates.