gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radiation of Sound from the Open End of a Duct Simulating an Air Inlet under Static Conditions and in a Flow (2019)

The paper presents the results of comparative experimental studies on the effect of a significant difference in the radiation patterns of individual acoustic modes from an open duct in steady-state and in-flight modes in the AC-2 anechoic chamber. When there is an incoming flow, the directivity changes and the amplitude of the maximum of individual modes may vary severalfold. This effect was originally discovered by numerical simulation, and the need to experimentally confirm this difference in the characteristics of individual modes set the task of developing a new technique for projection of the results of acoustic bench tests of aircraft engines to in-flight conditions within an airplane.
Differential Effects of Prolactin andsrc/abl Kinases on the Nuclear Translocation of STAT5B and STAT5A (1999)

In this study, DNA binding and tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT5A and STAT5B were compared with their subcellular localization determined using indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. Following prolactin activation, both STAT5A and STAT5B were rapidly translocated into the nucleus and displayed a detergent-resistant, punctate nuclear staining pattern. Similar to prolactin induction, src activation resulted in tyrosine phosphorylation and DNA binding of both STAT5A and STAT5B. However, nuclear translocation of only STAT5B but not STAT5A was observed. This selective nuclear translocation appears to be mediated via the carboxyl-terminal sequences in STAT5B. Furthermore, overexpression of a dominant negative kinase-inactive mutant of JAK2 prevented prolactin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT5A and STAT5B but did not block src kinase activation and nuclear translocation of STAT5B. In co-transfection assays, prolactin-mediated activation but not src kinase-mediated activation of STAT5B resulted in the induction of a beta-casein promoter-driven reporter construct. These results suggest that STAT5 activation by src may occur by a mechanism distinct from that employed in cytokine activation of the JAK/STAT pathway, resulting in the selective nuclear translocation of STAT5B.
Far-infrared free-hole absorption in epitaxial silicon films for homojunction detectors (1997)

We report on the investigation of free-carrier absorption characteristics for epitaxially grown p-type silicon thin films in the far-infrared region (50–200 μm), where Si homojunction interfacial workfunction internal photoemission (HIWIP) detectors are employed. Five Si thin films were grown by molecular beam epitaxy on different silicon substrates over a range of carrier concentrations, and the experimental absorption data were compared with calculated results. The free-hole absorption is found to be almost independent of the measured wavelength. A linear regression relationship between the absorption coefficient and the carrier concentration, in agreement with theory, has been obtained and employed to calculate the photon absorption probability in HIWIP detectors.
Improvement of (001)‐oriented diamond p‐i‐n diode by use of selective grown n+ layer (2010)

Abstract The contact metallization to n ‐type diamond is a key subject for realizing diamond bipolar devices. We have proposed the selective growth technique using the patterned surface morphology and 〈111〉 directional growth, and have achieved the heavily P doping even on (001) diamond. The objective of this research is to demonstrate the availability of this selective grown n + diamond onto a stack junction diode in order to reduce the series resistance of n ‐type layer. The p ‐ i ‐ n structure with and without n + layer were fabricated on (001)‐oriented IIb substrate by plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and conventional lithography technique, and their electrical properties are evaluated by current–voltage and capacitance–voltage measurements. Thanks to the selective grown n + layer, good diode characters are obtained: (i) a decrease in threshold voltage and (ii) an increase in forward current without any degradation of reverse characteristics. The results clearly indicate that the selective growth technique is useful for fabricating the (001)‐oriented bipolar junction devices.
Use of Polyaniline and Its Derivatives in Corrosion Protection of Copper and Silver (1997)

This study examines the use of spin‐applied conjugated polymers such as polyanilines for corrosion and dissolution protection of silver and copper. In particular, attention is given to the protection that these polymers provide under conditions of an applied potential and at elevated temperature. These particular conditions are those in which current inhibitors such as benzotriazole do not provide acceptable protection for the metal. A number of polyaniline derivatives are studied, including the unsubstituted parent polymer and the substituted poly‐o‐phenetidine both nondoped and doped, with several different protonic acids. The polymers are readily soluble in organic solvents and can be applied as thin coatings onto the metal surface. The corrosion protection of the resulting structure is determined by electrochemical and inductively coupled plasma techniques using water as an electrolyte and under varied conditions of temperature, humidity, and bias. It is found that polyaniline could either enhance the corrosion rate or produce significant corrosion protection depending on the chemical nature of the polymer backbone and the conditions in which the material is processed and doped. The poly‐o‐phenetidine is found to adhere well to the metal surface and provides exceptional protection both under an applied potential and at elevated temperature.
Characterization of acute coagulopathy and sexual dimorphism after injury (2012)

Prognostic study, level II.
Resilience assessment and planning in power distribution systems:Past and future considerations (2023)

Over the past decade, extreme weather events have significantly increased worldwide, leading to widespread power outages and blackouts. As these threats continue to challenge power distribution systems, the importance of mitigating the impacts of extreme weather events has become paramount. Consequently, resilience has become crucial for designing and operating power distribution systems. This work comprehensively explores the current landscape of resilience evaluation and metrics within the power distribution system domain, reviewing existing methods and identifying key attributes that define effective resilience metrics. The challenges encountered during the formulation, development, and calculation of these metrics are also addressed. Additionally, this review acknowledges the intricate interdependencies between power distribution systems and critical infrastructures, including information and communication technology, transportation, water distribution, and natural gas networks. It is important to understand these interdependencies and their impact on power distribution system resilience. Moreover, this work provides an in-depth analysis of existing research on planning solutions to enhance distribution system resilience and support power distribution system operators and planners in developing effective mitigation strategies. These strategies are crucial for minimizing the adverse impacts of extreme weather events and fostering overall resilience within power distribution systems.
Negative Charge in Plasma Oxidized SiO2 Layers (2011)

SiO2 gate dielectric layers were deposited on n-type Si by inductively-coupled plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (ICPECVD) at 150°C. In contrast to the well-accepted positive charge for thermally grown SiO2, the net oxide charge was negative and a function of the layer thickness. Our experiments suggested that the negative charge was created due to unavoidable oxidation of the silicon surface by plasma species. The CVD component added a positive space charge to the oxide. Additional measurements showed that the negative charge in SiO2 also persisted on p-type substrates. We suggest that plasma oxidation of the silicon surface results in SiO2 with a surplus of oxygen, which is able to accumulate a negative charge. This assumption is addressed by a series of experiments wherein oxygen is implanted into thermal SiO2. It is shown that the implantation can result in a negative charge to the bulk oxide layer.
Peri-operative blood transfusions in colorectal cancer. (1989)

Clinical studies report reduced recurrence-free survival and increased cancer-related death after surgical treatment for cancer, when peri-operative blood transfusions were given. In this study we collected transfusion data of 212 patients who participated in a prospective study of two different resection techniques for colorectal cancer. One hundred and fifty-eight patients were transfused and 54 were not. The follow-up period for almost all patients was 5 years. The 5-year survival rate was 52% both for the transfused patients and the nontransfused patients. For subgroups of patients with Dukes' B and Dukes' C tumours no statistically significant differences were found. In the group of patients that were transfused the number of transfusions did not affect survival. In this study we could not confirm the deleterious effect of peri-operative blood transfusions on survival.
Design of a low power, relative timing based asynchronous MSP430 microprocessor (2017)

Power dissipation is one of the primary design constraints in modern digital circuits. From a magnitude of hand-held portable devices to big data analytics using highperformance computing, low energy dissipation is a key requirement for most modern devices. This paper showcases an elegant low power circuit design methodology based on Relative Timing driven asynchronous techniques. A low power MSP430 microprocessor design based on a novel asynchronous finite state machine implementation is presented. The design showcases the power benefits of the proposed asynchronous implementation over the synchronous counterpart and avoids major architectural modification which would directly influence the performance or power consumption. The implemented asynchronous MSP430 exhibits a minimum of 8x power benefit over the synchronous design for an almost identical pipeline structure and comparable throughput. The paper further elaborates on the novel asynchronous state machine implementation used for the design and presents an efficient method to design communicating asynchronous finite state machines in clock-less systems.
Spread of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Families. II. Relation of Transfer of S. pneumoniae to Incidence of Colds and Serum Antibody (1975)

Factors that affect the spread of Streptococcus pneumoniae and the antibody responses associated with colonization were studied in 64 families for periods of eight to 52 weeks. Surveillance included daily recording of respiratory symptoms and bimonthly pharyngeal cultures for identification of the pneumococcal carrier state. Rhinovirus cultures were included for a portion of the study period. Intrafamilial carriage of a single type of S. pneumoniae and simultaneous spread to more than one family member were commonmspread often occurred in association with an upper respiratory tract infection; simultaneous transmission of S. pneumoniae and a rhinovirus was documented. Preexisting, type-specific serum antibody did not prevent acquisition of homotypic S. pneumoniae but did appear to shorten the duration of pharyngeal carriage. Sera of all 11 adults had greater than 150 ng of antibody nitrogen/ml of homotypic serum antibody (measured by a radioimmunoassay) before colonization. In contrast, only one of 13 preschool children had homotypic antibody concentrations of this magnitude before colonization. A threefold or greater rise in the concentration of homotypic antibody occurred in 13 of 24 children (54%) after acquisition of S. pneumoniae; the increase in antibody concentration was associated with illness in six of the children. On the other hand, acquisition of S. pneumoniae in adults was not associated with an increase in concentration of homotypic serum antibody.
Apolo (2011)

We present APOLO, a system that uses a mixed-initiative approach to help people interactively explore and make sense of large network datasets. It combines visualization, rich user interaction and machine learning to engage the user in bottom-up sensemaking to gradually build up an understanding over time by starting small, rather than starting big and drilling down. APOLO helps users find relevant information by specifying exemplars, and then using a machine learning method called Belief Propagation to infer which other nodes may be of interest. We demonstrate APOLO's usage and benefits using a Google Scholar citation graph, consisting of 83,000 articles (nodes) and 150,000 citations relationships. A demo video of APOLO is available at http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dchau/apolo/apolo.mp4.
Recovering missing data from YAFFS2 (2016)

With the development of information technology, data become an important part of people's life and work. However, data may become lost over time from mobile devices. Thus, data recovery is a necessary way to acquire data, especially missing data. In this paper, we propose a method to recover data from YAFFS2 through analyzing the recoverability of missing data. We will also present some results from the experiments on YAFFS2 under Linux system to verify the effectiveness of our proposed method which shows that the proposed method can recover missing data and the method can improve our previous method.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent Effect on Ruthenium Catalyzed Dihydroxylation. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Investigations of collisional plasma sheath in the vicinity of planar probe (2004)

12th International Congress on Plasma Physics, 25-29 October 2004, Nice (France)
Chemistry, Distribution and Biological Activities of 13,28-Epoxy-Oleanane Saponins from the Plant Families Myrsinaceae and Primulaceae (2008)

Saponins are a very diverse and large group of natural compounds, consisting of a glycan moiety linked to a triterpene or a steroid sapogenin. Part of these contain a 13,28-epoxy bridge, where C-28 can be a methylene, a hydroxymethylene or a carbonyl group. This review was restricted to those saponins possessing a completely saturated pentacyclic triterpene skeleton and a 13,28-epoxy bridge, in which C-28 was a methylene or a hydroxymethylene group, excluding the C-28 carbonyl derivatives (28→13 lactones). Almost all of these saponins have been found in members of the Primulaceae or Myrsinaceae plant families. The most important genera were Ardisia, Maesa, and Myrsine from the Myrsinaceae, and Cyclamen, Lysimachia, and Primula from the Primulaceae. Their structures were reviewed, biological activities discussed, and structure-activity relationships established.
The Internal Aerodynamics of Cargo Containers for Trace Chemical Sampling and Detection (2010)

Millions of air- and sea-cargo containers enter into and are transported throughout the United States each year. The possibility that some might contain terrorist devices and the impracticability of opening and inspecting them all have become highly charged political issues. However, if the interiors of cargo containers could be quickly sampled for trace explosives without opening them, broad and rapid inspections could be conducted. This would enhance security and allow legitimate cargo to flow almost unimpeded through ports and terminals. Here, we present techniques for nonintrusively sampling cargo containers for trace explosive particles and vapors using external suction devices. The experimental results show the ability to successfully detect explosive contamination and the importance of the internal aerodynamics of the cargo containers. This is studied through flow visualization techniques to reveal the effects of “natural air vents,” container geometry, and packing configurations upon the sampling techniques investigated here. A discussion of optimal trace sampling strategies is given based on these results.
Ménage à trois (2011)

Met de aanstelling van een hoogleraar gynaecologische oncologie als hoofd van het Centrum Gynaecologische Oncologie Amsterdam is er een samenwerkingsverband tussen de afdelingen van het AMC, NKI-AVL en VUmc ontstaan. Door deze samenwerking zullen patienten, medewerkers en onderzoekers naar verwachting voordelen ervaren in de vorm van betere kwaliteit en hogere efficiency. In deze oratie worden enkele voorbeelden genoemd van de voordelen voor de patientenzorg, evenals de keuzes die worden gemaakt in het wetenschappelijk onderzoek. Verschillende scenario's worden besproken waarin de samenwerking gestalte kan krijgen.
Abstract P111: ELABELA Antagonizes Intrarenal Renin to Lower Blood Pressure and Protect Against Renal Injury (2018)

Emerging evidence has demonstrated that (pro)renin receptor (PRR)-mediated activation of intrarenal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an essential role in renal handling of Na + and water balance and blood pressure. The present study tested the possibility that the intrarenal RAS served as a molecular target for the protective action of ELABELA (ELA, also known as Toddler/Apela), a novel endogenous ligand of APJ receptor (also known as APLNR) in the distal nephron. By RNAscope and immunofluorescence, mRNA and protein expression of endogenous ELA was consistently localized to the collecting duct (CD). In cultured CD-derived M1 cells, exogenous ELA induced parallel decreases of fPRR (by 31.6%), soluble PRR (sPRR) (by 46.5%), and prorenin (by 45.7%) protein expression as assessed by immunoblotting, and medium sPRR (by 66.7%) and prorenin/renin (by 60%) levels by ELISA. Conversely, deletion of PRR in the CD in mice elevated ELA mRNA levels (1.5-fold), and urinary ELA excretion (2.0-fold), supporting the antagonistic relationship between the two systems. Administration of exogenous ELA (5 mg/kg/day, minipump) to high salt (HS)-loaded Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rats significantly lowered mean arterial pressure (113.0 ± 1.7 vs . 133.8 ± 1.5 mmHg, P &lt;0.001), systolic blood pressure (BP) (122.5 ± 1.8 vs . 142.9 ± 2.6 mmHg, P &lt;0.01), diastolic BP (105.8 ± 2.3 vs . 127.4 ± 0.9 mmHg, P &lt;0.001), heart rate (347.4 ± 4.9 vs . 394.1 ± 5.3 bpm, P &lt;0.001), and albuminuria (11.4 ± 1.0 vs . 5.1 ± 1.1 mg/24h, P &lt;0.01), accompanied with a reduction of urinary sPRR (by 53.3%), Ang II (by 54.6%), prorenin/renin (by 68.7%), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (by 51.9%), and prostaglandin E2 (by 44.9%) excretion. HS upregulated renal medullary protein expression of fPRR (218.7%) and sPRR (172.4%) in Dahl SS rats, all of which were significantly blunted by exogenous ELA infusion (by 30-55%). Together, these results support the antagonist interaction between ELA and intrarenal RAS in the distal nephron that appears to exert a major impact on blood pressure regulation.
[The antibacterial activity of a humic preparation made from the therapeutic peat mud of the Dzalal Abad deposit in Kirghizia]. (1991)

The humic acid from the Dzhalal Abad therapeutic peat muds has been extracted to reveal the mechanisms of interaction between humic acid and microelements in therapeutic muds and to study the mud physiologically active factor. A complex compound of copper with humic and aminoacetic acids has been obtained, their physicochemical and antibacterial properties have been studied.
Waveguide arrays in diffusive photopolymers (2012)

We describe two methods, liquid deposition photolithography and holographic lithography, for fabricating two-dimensional arrays of optical waveguides with high channel counts. Both methods rely on refractive index patterning via monomer diffusion in photosensitive polymers.
Predicting Inattentional Blindness with Pupillary Response in a Simulated Flight Task (2021)

Inattentional blindness (IB) is the failure of observers to notice the presence of a clearly viewable but unexpected visual event when attentional resources are diverted elsewhere. Knowing when an operator is unable to respond or detect an unexpected event may help improve safety during task performance. Unfortunately, it is difficult to predict when such failures might occur. The current study was a secondary data analysis of data collected in the Human and Autonomous Vehicle Systems Laboratory at NASA Langley Research Center. Specifically, 60 subjects (29 male, with normal or corrected-to-normal vision, mean age of 34.5 years (SD = 13.3) were randomly assigned to one of three automation conditions (full automation, partial automation, and full manual) and took part in a simulated flight landing task. The dependent variable was the detection/non-detection of an IB occurrence (a truck on the landing runway). Scores on the NASA-TLX workload rating scale varied significantly by automation condition. The full automation condition reported the lowest subjective task load followed by partial automation and then manual condition. IB detection varied significantly across automation condition. The moderate workload condition of partial automation exhibited the lowest likelihood of IB occurrence. The low workload full automation condition did not differ significantly from the manual condition. Subjects who reported higher task demand had increased pupil dilation and subjects with larger pupil dilation were more likely to detect the runway incursion. These results show eye tracking may be used to identify periods of reduced unexpected visual stimulus detection for possible real-time IB mitigation.
Base excision repair and its implications to cancer therapy (2020)

Base excision repair (BER) has evolved to preserve the integrity of DNA following cellular oxidative stress and in response to exogenous insults. The pathway is a coordinated, sequential process involving 30 proteins or more in which single strand breaks are generated as intermediates during the repair process. While deficiencies in BER activity can lead to high mutation rates and tumorigenesis, cancer cells often rely on increased BER activity to tolerate oxidative stress. Targeting BER has been an attractive strategy to overwhelm cancer cells with DNA damage, improve the efficacy of radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, or form part of a lethal combination with a cancer specific mutation/loss of function. We provide an update on the progress of inhibitors to enzymes involved in BER, and some of the challenges faced with targeting the BER pathway.