gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Psychotropic effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: what are the arguments?]. (1996)

The authors report a case of acute mania induced by perindopril (Coversyl) in a 57 year old man with no prior history of mental illness. This Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEI) had been introduced eight days prior to the first signs of excitation, in order to treat recently diagnosed arterial hypertension. Without proof of reintroduction, and on the basis of clinical observations, the attribution appears plausible. Similar observations have been made for other molecules in this class of medication, such as captopril (Lopril). A review of literature regroups recent data concerning psychotropic effects of ACEIs. Several reports claim that captopril clearly acts as an antidepressant. Studies on the mood or the quality of life of treated hypertensive patients show ACEIs to have an euphoric-type positive effect compared to other anti-hypertensive treatments. Captopril and perindopril also act like potential antidepressants in experimental models of antidepression. Furthermore, pharmacologic data confirm that the most lipophilic ACEIs penetrate the central nervous system and argue in favor of the role of these molecules in activating central opioides. As these data provide evidence of mood swing in some patients, but also of an overall benefit in hypertensive populations, the clinical importance of the antidepressant effect of ACEIs needs further investigations.
The Host Defense of Drosophila melanogaster (2007)

To combat infection, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster relies on multiple innate defense reactions, many of which are shared with higher organisms. These reactions include the use of physical barriers together with local and systemic immune responses. First, epithelia, such as those beneath the cuticle, in the alimentary tract, and in tracheae, act both as a physical barrier and local defense against pathogens by producing antimicrobial peptides and reactive oxygen species. Second, specialized hemocytes participate in phagocytosis and encapsulation of foreign intruders in the hemolymph. Finally, the fat body, a functional equivalent of the mammalian liver, produces humoral response molecules including antimicrobial peptides. Here we review our current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying Drosophila defense reactions together with strategies evolved by pathogens to evade them.
Shader Performance Analysis on a Modern GPU Architecture (2006)

This paper presents an analysis of the performance of the shader processing units in a modern graphics processor unit (GPU) architecture using real graphic applications. The architecture of a modern GPU is described and a simulator and associated framework used to evaluate the architecture is introduced. The paper analyses the effects in performance of different configurations of the shader processing units and compares a classic GPU with a unified shader GPU. The evaluated unified shader architecture proves to be 15% to 30% more efficient, in terms of area, with a 2% to 7% improvement in performance when compared with a similar nonunified architecture
Soft Tissue Balancing (2008)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Start-up strategies of thermophilic anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge (2009)

The aim of the present work was to evaluate two different strategies to convert a continuous mesophilic anaerobic reactor into thermophilic, treating sewage sludge. The compared strategies were a single direct temperature change, from 35° to 55°C, and a multi-step temperature change (35°–43°–50°–55°C). The single direct step strategy was shown to be as effective as the more conservative multi-step strategy, recovering the system efficiency after 20 days in terms of methane yield, although there was a higher volatile fatty acids accumulation and higher propionate/acetate ratio values during the temperature transition. From the results of the multi-step strategy it could be stated that the critical process performance during temperature transition occurred between 43 and 50°C, which should be taken into account to define more accurate future transition strategies. Sewage sludge thermophilic vs mesophilic biodegradability was assessed by means of anaerobic biodegradability tests, and no significant statistical differences in biodegradability or methane yields were found.
Re: TRPA1 Receptor Modulation Attenuates Bladder Overactivity Induced by Spinal Cord Injury (2011)

No AccessJournal of UrologyInvestigative Urology1 Jan 2012Re: TRPA1 Receptor Modulation Attenuates Bladder Overactivity Induced by Spinal Cord Injury Anthony AtalaM.D. Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.10.006AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: TRPA1 Receptor Modulation Attenuates Bladder Overactivity Induced by Spinal Cord Injury." The Journal of Urology, 187(1), p. 350 © 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 187Issue 1January 2012Page: 350 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Easy Access to Esters with a Benzylic Quaternary Carbon Center from Diallyl Malonates by Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Allylation. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Sensitivity and specificity of mastoid vibration test in detection of effects of vestibular neuritis. (2005)

Aim of this study was to determine sensitivity and specificity of the mastoid vibration test in patients who had suffered an attack of vestibular neuritis. Results were compared with the caloric test and two bedside tests of vestibular function (head shaking test and head thrust test). Results are reported in 28 patients who had a residual vestibular deficit 6 months after acute neuritis and in 25 healthy subjects. Mastoid vibration nystagmus was evoked in 21 patients but not in controls. In these patients, mastoid vibration test had a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 100%. Since one patient had inverted mastoid vibration nystagmus, specificity of identification on the pathological side was 95%. Sensitivity of the test increased with increasing severity of the vestibular lesion. Indeed, mastoid vibration nystagmus was induced in 93% of patients with caloric paralysis and in 58% of those with caloric paresis. Nystagmus could usually be modulated or elicited by stimulation of either mastoid. In the few patients in whom mastoid vibration nystagmus was elicited only from one side, or when there was a clear difference in intensity of the nystagmus induced on the two sides, the stimulated side was more often the affected side. Four patients still showed spontaneous nystagmus. The caloric test was abnormal in 26/28 patients (93%) with paralysis in 16 and paresis in 12; 71% of patients had a head shaking induced nystagmus: 64% had an asymmetrical response in head thrust test. In conclusion, mastoid vibration test was overall more sensitive than head thrust test. Mastoid vibration test was slightly less sensitive than head shaking test in patients with severe residual deficit and more sensitive in patients with partial deficit. Mastoid vibration test, a valid, low cost clinical screening test for rapid detection of asymmetrical vestibular function, does not cause patient discomfort. It is suggested that this test be included in the diagnostic workup of all patients with suspected vestibular dysfunction.
Experimental study of pipeline leak detection based on hoop strain measurement (2014)

Pipelines are widely used for the transport of a large variety of fluids, such as natural gas, across long distances. While pipelines provide a convenient mode of transportation of fluids, their safe usage is one of the foremost concerns especially if their contents are harmful to the environment or if the hosting area is prone to third-party intrusions. Thus, rapid detection and localization of pipeline leakage is paramount to the minimization of damage brought to the environment and stakeholders in the event of an unexpected leakage. In this work, a novel hoop strain based negative pressure wave (NPW) approach was used to detect and localize pipeline leakages in a 180 ft PVC pipeline equipped with five manually controllable leakage points. Using the new approach, both the arrival time of the NPW and the energy attenuation profile of the NPW can be used to detect and localize leakages with higher accuracy and in a wider variety of situations. The time of arrival approach allowed accurate (within 7.33% error) and repeatable localization of the leakage points; however, using the energy attenuation of the NPW, leakages with low leakage rates (<5 lpm) can also be detected, albeit at the cost of inaccuracies at the inlet and outlet of the pipeline (8.3% error in the ends vs. 4.3% error in the body). Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FFATA: Mechine Augmented Composites for Structures with High Damping with High Stiffness (2012)

Abstract : The Material Logic program aims to create novel materials that exhibit high stiffness and high damping. The joint Texas A&M University (Texas Engineering Experiment Station or TEES)/The Aerospace Corporation (AERO) effort seeks to develop a new composite material by exploiting negative-stiffness, positive-stiffness, and damping elements to form a novel material system. Overall success is defined as developing a material that can achieve a 1.0 damping coefficient with a 100 GPa elastic modulus. The material system should also be optimized for 0.01 s duration impulses and cyclic loadings in the 0.1 to 10 Hz regime and be adaptable to a wide load range. The AERO team made a breakthrough in applying the negative spring by stabilizing the spring within a positive stiffness composite structure. Figure 1 shows one application concept: a composite structure that stabilizes the clover dome's negative stiffness regime with damping integrated into the mobile interface between positive and negative springs. Further, a design from AERO, the WTG fluidic damping element, showed adaptive response when filled with shear thickening fluids.
Synthesis and solution complexation behaviour of dimeric zinc-selective bis(benzimidazole) derivatives (1996)

The synthesis of 1,1′-bis(4-tert-butylbenzyl)-2,2′-bis(benzimidazole)-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid and its N-substituted analogues is reported. Complexation of the ligand by divalent Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb and Cd ions has been studied in methanolic solution by 1H NMR, FT-IR and electrospray mass spectrometry. The ligand forms a dimeric neutral M2L2 complex selectively with zinc, favoured by the two rigid tetrahedral binding sites created by the cooperative ligation of two orthogonally disposed ligands. Overall binding affinities follow the sequence Zn > Cd ≈ Ni >Pb > Cu and solution speciation has been defined by ESMS showing non-selective formation of, for example, ML, MLH, M2L2X species with all ions but zinc, where the M2L2 species was predominant.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Men and Women (2012)

Chronic diseases have a variable impact on men and women due to the complex interaction between biological sex and environmental risk factors to which men and women are differentially exposed. Sex differences have not been adequately explored in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as most studies have either had small sample sizes or not enough women to allow for accurate comparisons. This article will address sex differences in susceptibility, expression of COPD subtypes, and activity-related breathlessness, and will identify key areas for further investigation.
18. Diet-induced obesity alters skeletal microarchitecture and the endocrine activity of bone (2016)

Changes in whole body metabolism can have profound effects on bone mass. However, the relationship between obesity and bone mass is complex. Weight gain increases mechanical loading, which is known to increase bone mass; supporting the notion 'bigger body, bigger bones'. However in recent years, clinical studies and work in rodent models, has highlighted evidence that obesity is associated with reduced bone mass and elevated fracture risk. These emerging data suggest a need to re-examine the effect of obesity on bone mass. Herein, we will discuss the multiple mechanisms by which obesity may affect bone mass, directly (through secretion of adipokines) and indirectly (through oxidative stress, inflammation, osteocalcin and the central nervous system).
[Start-up of a High Performance Nitrosation Reactor Through Continuous Growth of Aerobic Granular Sludge]. (2017)

In order to examine the continuous growth capacity of the nitrosation granular sludge (NGS), the sludge was inoculated to start up the columnar sequencing batch reactor (SBR). During 130 d, the concentration of mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) in SBR increased from 0.1 g·L<sup>-1</sup> to 11.8 g·L<sup>-1</sup>, corresponding to the nitrite-nitrogen accumulation rate of 0.4-4.9 kg·(m<sup>3</sup>·d)<sup>-1</sup>, promoted by a higher ammonia-nitrogen loading rate (NLR) from 0.74 kg·(m<sup>3</sup>·d)<sup>-1</sup> to 6.66 kg·(m<sup>3</sup>·d)<sup>-1</sup>in the influent. Because of the obvious increase in small granules (size<200 μm), the mean average diameter of NGS decreased significantly at NLR<4.44 kg·(m<sup>3</sup>·d)<sup>-1</sup>. At higher NLR values, the growth of the mean average diameter of NGS could be fitted well using a modified logistic model. The specific growth rate of the <i>k</i> value was 0.0229 d<sup>-1</sup>. In addition, the combined inhibition of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) was expected at relatively high concentrations of both free ammonia (FA) and free nitrite acid (FNA); thus, the nitrite accumulation ratio (NAR) in the effluent was always higher than 80%. These results provide a feasible approach to start up a high-performance NGS reactor at the industrial-scale.
Nonlinear investigation of developmental changes of the ECoG activity in fetal sheep (2002)

The fetal sheep brain develops cyclic electrocortical activity from approximately 0.8 gestation alternating between NREM and REM sleep. The aim of this study was to investigate developmental changes of the electrocorticogram (ECoG) after the occurrence of cyclic electrocortical activity as a measure of functional brain maturation. The authors used nonlinear analysis because it has been recognized superior to linear analysis for describing the complex properties of the ECoG. The authors developed a nonlinear algorithm which calculates a mean prediction error (MPE) of the time series in the phase space. The ECoG of six chronically instrumented fetal sheep was recorded in utero at 124, 127, 131 and 135 day gestational age (dGA, term 146 dGA). The MPE of the ECoG was calculated for each animal at each investigated dGA from five 10 min epochs of REM and five 6 min epochs of NREM sleep. The MPE during REM sleep was significantly higher than during NREM sleep (p<0.05). With gestational age, the MPE of REM sleep increased and that of NREM sleep decreased significantly (p<0.05). These results suggest a further functional differentiation of both sleep states after transition to cyclic ECoG activity.
Design of Shape Morphing Structures Using Bistable Elements (2015)

This dissertation presents new concepts and methodology in designing shape-morphing structures using bistable elements. Developed using the Pseudo-Rigid-Body Model (PRBM), linear bistable compliant mechanism elements produce predictable and controllable length changes. Step-by-step design procedures are developed to guide the design process of these bistable elements. Two different examples of Shape-Morphing Space Frames (SMSFs) were designed and prototyped utilizing the bistable linear elements in a single-layer grid, in addition to flexures and rigid links, to morph a cylindrical space frame into both a hyperbolic and a spherical space frame. Moreover, bistable unit-cell compliant-mechanism elements were also developed to morph a compact structure from a specific initial shape to a final specific shape. The detailed design of those unit cells were done using Computer-aided design (CAD) software following a novel design procedure to transform a one-degree-of-freedom mechanism into a structure with sufficient compliance within its links to toggle between two chosen stable positions. Two different design examples were investigated in this research and prototyped to demonstrate the ability to morph disks into a hemisphere or a sphere with the structure being stable in both states (disk and sphere).
M200, an integrin α5β1 antibody, promotes apoptosis in proliferating endothelial cells (2004)

3187 Background: The role of VEGF in mediating angiogenesis is well documented, but recent evidence indicates that integrins such as αvβ3 are also important. We identified α5 integrin using a proprietary gene array. The α5β1 integrin mediates the binding of endothelial cells to fibronectin in the extracellular matrix. The growth factors VEGF and bFGF also promote the recruitment of new blood vessels into expanding tumors. We assessed the relative roles of these factors in vitro and in vivo to elucidate the validity of inhibiting integrin α5β1. Methods: We measured affinity of a chimeric antibody, M200, against α5β1 integrin by BIAcore, and assessed the role of α5β1 using an in vitro angiogenesis model and in vivo in a laser-induced model of choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) in cynomolgus monkeys. We compared M200 to an anti-VEGF mAb for effects on endothelial cell survival and proliferation in vitro. Results: M200, and its derivative Fab F200, inhibit binding of fibronectin to α5β1. M200 and F200 have similar potencies by BIAcore (Kd∼0.3nM). Both M200 and F200 show significant inhibition both VEGF and bFGF dependent tube formation in an in vitro angiogenesis model, and of neovascularization in the cynomolgus CNV model. M200 inhibits HUVEC proliferation more effectively than an anti-VEGF mAb (0.40 nM vs. 45 nM) at both low and high VEGF concentrations (2ng-50 ng/ml). No additive affect was observed when cells were challenged with anti-VEGF and M200 together. Thus M200 exerts novel cytotoxic effects in addition to recapitulating the anti-proliferative properties of anti-VEGF. This difference in potency was found to be attributable to the unique ability of M200 to selectively induce apoptosis in proliferating, but not senescent, endothelial cells. Conclusions:Our data shows that M200 is a potent anti-angiogenic with significant activity in vitro and in vivo. Further evaluation of the mechanism in vitro suggests that signaling via α5β1 and VEGF occur through overlapping mechanisms, and that M200 exerts a more significant growth inhibition of HUVEC in vitro than anti-VEGF, independent of growth factor stimulation, and this may translate to better clinical efficacy Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Protein Design Labs, Inc. Protein Design Labs, Inc.
Laboratory Scale Test Minimizing Experimental Time and Effort for Pilot Scale Filtrations (2011)

Abstract Die Erforschung der Bierfiltration mit Zellulosefasern bedarf geeigneter Hilfsmittel, beispielsweise zur Vorbereitung von praxisnahen Versuchen. Anhand der Verläufe unterschiedlich angelegter Versuchsreihen im Pilotmaßstab wurde ein Labortest auf der Basis des Filtrierbarkeitstests nach Raible erarbeitet. Die Arbeit umfasst die Beschreibungen von Apparat, Prozedur und Methoden, die Ergebnisse zu bewerten. Der neue Test ist geeignet, den Versuchsaufwand im größeren Maßstab zu verringern. Vor allem in Bezug auf Variationen der Filterhilfsmittelzusammensetzung liefert er gute Ergebnisse.
Gate Mapping Automation for Asynchronous NULL Convention Logic Circuits (2013)

Design automation techniques are a key challenge in the widespread application of timing-robust asynchronous circuit styles. In this paper, a new methodology for mapping multi-rail logic expressions to a NULL convention logic (NCL) gate library is proposed. The new methodology is then compared to another recently proposed mapping approach, demonstrating that the new methodology can further reduce the area and improve the delay of NCL circuits. Also, in contrast to the original approach, which only targets area reduction, the new methodology can target any arbitrary cost function or use any subset of the NCL gate library for mapping. In order to automate the new methodology and compare it with the original one, both methodologies were implemented in the Perl programming language and compared in terms of mapping performance and runtime. The results show that, depending on the test circuit, the new methodology can offer up to 10% improvement in area, and 39% improvement in delay.
Effects of temperature and wind on facial temperature, heart rate, and sensation (1976)

Skin temperature measurements of the face have shown that the cheek cools faster than the nose and the nose faster than the forehead. The cooling effect of wind is maximum at wind speeds between 4.5 and 6.7 m/s. Cold winds produce significant bradycardia, which is, however, much more pronounced during the expiratory phase of respiration. A significant correlation was noted between cooling of face and the reflex bradycardia observed. Similarly, a very significant correlation was noted between drop in skin temperature and subjective evaluation of cold discomfort. Consequently, the drop in skin temperature, reflex bradycardia, and subjective evaluation are parameters which are directly affected by cold wind and can be used as adequate indicators of the degree of discomfort. When comparing the present results with the windchill index, it was found that in the zone described as "dangerously cold" the index fits well with the physiological measurements. In the zone described as "bitterly cold," the index by comparison with actual skin temperature measurements and subjective evaluation underestimates the cooling effects of combined temperature and wind by approximately 10 degrees C.
Biological Fitness of Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) Susceptible and Resistant to Bacillus sphaericus (1997)

Biological fitness of laboratory and field-collected strains of southern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus Say, susceptible and resistant (37- and 31-fold upon selection) to the microbial agent, Bacillus sphaericus, were compared in the absence of B. sphaericus. The resistant strains showed significantly lower fecundity and fertility, but they had significantly higher survival rates than the susceptible strains. The preadult stages from females of resistant strains developed at slightly faster rates than those of the susceptible strains, which could result in a shorter generation time. However, lower fecundity was likely to lead to overall lower population growth rates than in the susceptible strains. Data provided evidence that the resistant strains exhibited fitness disadvantages in the absence of B. sphaericus. We suggest that once resistance to B. sphaericus is detected in the field, its use should be discontinued until the mosquito population becomes susceptible again because of the decline in number of resistant individuals. A strategy of resistance management by rotation of insecticides is discussed.