gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Potentiating effects of GHRH analogs on the response to chemotherapy (2015)

Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) from hypothalamus nominatively stimulates growth hormone release from adenohypophysis. GHRH is also produced by cancers, acting as an autocrine/paracrine growth factor. This growth factor function is seen in lymphoma, melanoma, colorectal, liver, lung, breast, prostate, kidney, bladder cancers. Pituitary type GHRH receptors and their splice variants are also expressed in these malignancies. Synthetic antagonists of the GHRH receptor inhibit proliferation of cancers. Besides direct inhibitory effects on tumors, GHRH antagonists also enhance cytotoxic chemotherapy. GHRH antagonists potentiate docetaxel effects on growth of H460 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and MX-1 breast cancer plus suppressive action of doxorubicin on MX-1 and HCC1806 breast cancer. We investigated mechanisms of antagonists on tumor growth, inflammatory signaling, doxorubicin response, expression of drug resistance genes, and efflux pump function. Triple negative breast cancer cell xenografted into nude mice were treated with GHRH antagonist, doxorubicin, or their combination. The combination reduced tumor growth, inflammatory gene expression, drug-resistance gene expression, cancer stem-cell marker expression, and efflux-pump function. Thus, antagonists increased the efficacy of doxorubicin in HCC1806 and MX-1 tumors. Growth inhibition of H460 NSCLC by GHRH antagonists induced marked downregulation in expression of prosurvival proteins K-Ras, COX-2, and pAKT. In HT-29, HCT-116 and HCT-15 colorectal cancer lines, GHRH antagonist treatment caused cellular arrest in S-phase of cell cycle, potentiated inhibition of in vitro proliferation and in vivo growth produced by S-phase specific cytotoxic agents, 5-FU, irinotecan and cisplatin. This enhancement of cytotoxic therapy by GHRH antagonists should have clinical applications.
Dynamic programming environment for active rules (2006)

Currently, many applications that require monitoring (e.g., surveillance, track monitoring) use the event-condition-action (or ECA) rule paradigm. The local event detector (LED) that has been developed based on the ECA rule paradigm provides active capability to various applications including relational database systems. LED is capable of handling events that are local to the application, thus providing active capability. Existing LED framework (in Java) supports creation of events and rules at compile time. Modifications to existing rules or events are difficult once the execution of the application begins. Thus, modifying rules or events requires adding code for new rules and events, recompiling and executing. This is a limitation for many applications where the rules and events need to be modified dynamically at run time and without bringing the system down. This paper provides a novel approach for supporting the creation of rules and events dynamically at run time, which is critical for several classes of monitoring applications. The proposed approach avoids recompilation and restarts which are inappropriate in many environments that require fine-tuning of rules on the fly. The dynamic programming environment (DPE) presented in this paper provides a generic set of classes that are designed to handle the creation, management, and execution of rules. This set of generic classes is application-independent making the system a general-purpose tool. The user application provides necessary class and event information to the DPE in either XML or text format. The DPE uses this information to create, modify and manage the rules. The DPE supports the creation of new composite and temporal events. A friendly user interface is provided to perform all these tasks.
Tracking the Toll of Kidney Disease (2008)

Since the discovery of the Toll-like receptors and their crucial role as modulators of innate immunity, there has been increasing appreciation of their role in human health and disease. Toll-like receptor signaling is critical in defending against invading microorganisms, but sustained receptor activation is also implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Here we review the role of Toll-like receptors and their endogenous ligands in various renal diseases, particularly their activation in the inflammatory response of ischemic kidney injury, organ transplantation, and immune-mediated glomerulonephritis.
Optical Properties Of Aluminum Fluoride Based Glasses (1989)

Transparent and colorless glass rods have been obtained from the A1F3-ZrF4-YF3-CaF2-SrF2-BaF2-NaF (AZYCSBN) and A1F3-BaF2- CaF2-YF3-SrF2 (ABCYS) systems. Chemical durability and certain optical properties of these glasses have been investigated and compared with ZBLAN. The infrared transparency of AZYCSBN is slightly less than ZBLAN but higher than the ABCYS glass system. A1F3 based glasses appear to offer some interesting opportunities for short range IR fiber applications such as sensing, remote spectroscopy and laser power propagation.
Speech enhancement through nonlinear adaptive source separation methods (2002)

A new method that exploits the ideas of independent source separation in the context of speech enhancement in single sensor signals, is developed and tested in various situations. The channel distortions of the two sensor case are artificially reproduced by suitable linear and nonlinear filters. Separation is implemented via a Lagrange neural network. Results on speech signals are shown.
Sort-last parallel rendering for viewing extremely large data sets on tile displays (2001)

Due to the impressive price-performance of today's PC-based graphics accelerator cards, Sandia National Laboratories is attempting to use PC clusters to render extremely large data sets in interactive applications. This paper describes a sort-last parallel rendering system running on a PC cluster that is capable of rendering enormous amounts of geometry onto high-resolution tile displays by taking advantage of the spatial coherency that is inherent in our data. Furthermore, it is capable of scaling to larger sized input data or higher resolution displays by increasing the size of the cluster. Our prototype is now capable of rendering 120 million triangles per second on a 12 mega-pixel display.
Our Challenge is to Acquire Deeper Understanding of Biomass Recalcitrance and Conversion (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: The modern lignocellulose biorefinery Biomass recalcitrance to deconstruction Plants evolved to resist microbial and enzymatic assault! Are biomass-degrading enzymes working maximally? Chemical pretreatments are still required to reveal cell wall cellulose Fermenting cell wall sugars: the stage is set for systems/synthetic biology References
Engagement of Toll-Like Receptor 3 Induces Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Interleukin-8 in Human Rheumatoid Synovial Fibroblasts (2010)

Our results suggest that the activation of TLR3 in RA FLS promotes the production of proangiogenic factors, in a process that is mediated by the NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, targeting the TLR3 pathway may be a promising approach to preventing pathologic angiogenesis in RA.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-3, Table 1 from Dual IGF-1R/InsR Inhibitor BMS-754807 Synergizes with Hormonal Agents in Treatment of Estrogen-Dependent Breast Cancer (2023)

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An acoustic diagnostic technique for use with electric machine insulation (1994)

Many of the electrical failures of large electric machines have mechanical precursors. This premise has led to the attempts described here to detect mechanical changes, such as groundwall delamination, by acoustic methods as a means of early detection of incipient failure. By optimally launching an ultrasonic wave into a stator bar and using the conductor as a waveguide, it has been shown possible to interrogate the groundwall insulation and the critical interface region adjacent to the conductor. Laboratory studies using an epoxy mica stator bar subjected to thermal cycling have demonstrated that the acoustic signatures obtained with this method are mirrored by conventional corona spectroscopy conducted simultaneously, although earlier damage is clearly discernible. Based on the results of this study, the acoustic technique appears to have substantial promise as an advanced detection tool.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Impact of dental implant length on early failure rates: a meta-analysis of observational studies (2011)

In areas of reduced alveolar bone height the use of short dental implants may reduce the need for invasive bone augmentation procedures.
Safety and High Level Efficacy of the Combination Malaria Vaccine Regimen of RTS,S/AS01BWith Chimpanzee Adenovirus 63 and Modified Vaccinia Ankara Vectored Vaccines Expressing ME-TRAP (2016)

NCT01883609.
Comparing and Combining Profiles. (2000)

How much do two profiles of the same program differ? When has a profile changed enough to warrant reexamination of the profiled program? And how should two or more profiles be combined to make a better hybrid profile? To answer these questions, we borrow concepts from information theory that measure the differences between the distributions of random variables. Treating the distribution of execution frequencies in a profile like the distribution of a random variable lets us use metrics of difference between distributions and induces a mathematically well-founded way to combine distributions. For concreteness, we report results based on branch profiles, but our algorithms apply to any frequency-based profiling method. Our metric agrees in character with prior metrics while allowing us to adjust the relative importance of coverage and conflict issues. Our hybrid distributions do better than previous profile blending methods. 1. Introduction Many recent systems use profiles to ...
Tumor suppressor INK4: Refinement of p16INK4A structure and determination of p15INK4B structure by comparative modeling and NMR data (2000)

Within the tumor suppressor protein INK4 (inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 4) family, p15INK4B is the smallest and the only one whose structure has not been determined previously, probably due to the protein's conformational flexibility and instability. In this work, multidimensional NMR studies were performed on this protein. The first tertiary structure was built by comparative modeling with p16INK4A as the template, followed by restrained energy minimization with NMR constraints (NOE and H-bonds). For this purpose, the solution structure of pl6INK4A, whose quality was also limited by similar problems, was refined with additional NMR experiments conducted on an 800 MHz spectrometer and by structure-based iterative NOE assignments. The nonhelical regions showed major improvement with root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) improved from 1.23 to 0.68 A for backbone heavy atoms. The completion of p15INK4B coupled with refinement of p16INK4A made it possible to compare the structures of the four INK4 members in depth, and to compare the structures of p16INK4A in the free form and in the p16INK4A-CDK6 complex. This is an important step toward a comprehensive understanding of the precise functional roles of each INK4 member.
The VLSI design of a single chip for the multiplication of integers modulo a Fermat number (1985)

Multiplication is central in the implementation of Fermat number transforms (FNT) and other residue number algorithms. There is need for a good multiplication algorithm which can be realized easily on a VLSI chip. In this paper, the Leibowitz multiplier [1] is modified to realize multiplication in the ring of integers modulo a Fermat number. The advantage of this new algorithm over Leibowitz's algorithm is that Leibowitz's algorithm takes modulo after the product of multiplication is obtained. Hence time is wasted. In this new algorithm, modulo is taken in every bit operation when performing multiplication. Therefore no time is wasted in this respect. Furthermore, this algorithm requires only a sequence of cyclic shifts and additions. The design for this new multiplier is regular, simple, expandable, and therefore, suitable for VLSI implementation.
Image Processing of Halved Kernels in the Control of Malting and Malt Quality (1996)

A multi-task image processing system for halved kernels was developed. The system replaces visual inspection, human evaluation and reporting for pregermination test, determination of water infiltration and distribution in the endosperm of barley seeds, and determination of malt modification and homogeneity by the Calcofluor method. Image processing of halved barley and malt kernels was applied to the control of malting and malt quality.
Mechanical Characterization and Fracture Behavior of Extruded ZK60A Magnesium Alloy (2021)

The current study addresses the mechanical and fracture behaviors of extruded ZK60A magnesium alloy. This material has numerous potential structural applications, and its characteristics need to be determined for it to be used as a structural material. Tensile, hardness, and Charpy impact tests were performed as per American Society for Testing and Materials standards to determine the mechanical behavior of the material. Its fracture behavior was determined using plane-strain fracture toughness, stable crack growth, and fractographic tests. The fracture toughness was calculated from the fracture toughness–thickness curve obtained from fracture tests on single-edge notch bend specimens with fatigue pre-cracks. The stable crack growth studies were conducted using three-point bend specimens to determine the initiation and maximum loads and the range of stable crack growth for both mode I and mixed-mode loading cases. X-ray diffraction analysis of the alloy was also conducted. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the fracture surface morphologies of the specimens. This study addresses the structural analysis, advanced materials, and safety and reliability aspects of aerospace research.
Adverse Drug Reactions in Relation to Clozapine Plasma Levels: A Systematic Review (2022)

Clozapine is the gold standard for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Serious and even life-threatening adverse effects, mostly granulocytopenia, myocarditis, and constipation, are of great clinical concern and constitute a barrier to prescribing clozapine, thus depriving many eligible patients of a lifesaving treatment option. Interestingly, clozapine presents variable pharmacokinetics affected by numerous parameters, leading to significant inter- and intra-individual variation. Therefore, therapeutic drug monitoring of plasma clozapine levels confers a significant benefit in everyday clinical practice by increasing the confidence of the prescribing doctor to the drug and the adherence of the patient to the treatment, mainly by ensuring effective treatment and limited dose-related side effects. In the present systematic review, we aimed at identifying how a full range of adverse effects relates to plasma clozapine levels, using the Jadad grading system for assessing the quality of the available clinical evidence. Our findings indicate that EEG slowing, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, heart rate variability, hyperinsulinemia, metabolic syndrome, and constipation correlate to plasma clozapine levels, whereas QTc, myocarditis, sudden death, leucopenia, neutropenia, sialorrhea, are rather unrelated. Rapid dose escalation at the initiation of treatment might contribute to the emergence of myocarditis, or leucopenia. Strategies for managing adverse effects are different in these conditions and are discussed accordingly.
Refined structure of concanavalin A complexed with methyl α-D-mannopyranoside at 2.0 Å resolution and comparison with the saccharide-free structure (1994)

The three-dimensional structure of the complex between methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside and concanavalin A has been refined at 2.0 A resolution. Diffraction data were recorded from a single crystal (space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), a = 123.7, b = 128.6, c = 67.2 A) using synchrotron radiation at a wavelength of 1.488 A. The final model has good geometry and an R factor of 19.9% for 58 871 reflections (82% complete), within the resolution limits of 8 to 2 A, with F > 1.0sigma(F). The asymmetric unit contains four protein subunits arranged as a dimer of dimers with approximate 222 point symmetry. Each monomer binds one saccharide molecule. Each sugar is bound to the protein by hydrogen bonds and van der Waals contacts. Although the four subunits are not crystallographically equivalent, the protein-saccharide interactions are nearly identical in each of the four binding sites. The differences that do occur between the four sites are in the structure of the water network which surrounds each saccharide; these networks are involved in crystal packing. The structure of the complex is compared with a refined saccharide-free concanavalin A structure. The saccharide-free structure is composed of crystallographically identical subunits, again assembled as a dimer of dimers, but with exact 222 symmetry. In the saccharide complex the tetramer association is different in that the monomers tend to separate resulting in fewer intersubunit interactions. The average temperature factor of the mannoside complex is considerably higher than that of the saccharide-free protein. The binding site in the saccharide-free structure is occupied by three ordered water molecules and the side chain of Asp71 from a neighbouring molecule in the crystal. These occupy positions similar to those of the four saccharide hydroxyls which are hydrogen bonded to the site. Superposition of the saccharide-binding site from each structure shows that the major changes on binding involve expulsion of these ordered solvents and the reorientation of the side chain of Tyrl00. Overall the surface accessibility of the saccharide decreases from 370 to 100 A(2) when it binds to the protein. This work builds upon the earlier studies of Derewenda et al. [Derewenda, Yariv, Helliwell, Kalb (Gilboa), Dodson, Papiz, Wan & Campbell (1989). EMBO J. 8, 2198-2193] at 2.9 A resolution, which was the first detailed study of lectin-saccharide interactions.
Measures of obesity are associated with MRI markers of brain aging (2019)

Adiposity in early-old age is related to reduced global gray matter later in life in this diverse sample. Future studies are warranted to elucidate causal relationships and explore region-specific associations.
An overview of the Rialto real-time architecture (1996)

The goal of the Rialto project at Microsoft Research is to build a system architecture supporting coexisting independent real-time (and non-real-time) programs. Unlike traditional embedded-systems real-time environments, where timing and resource analysis among competing tasks can be done off-line, it is our goal to allow multiple independently authored real-time applications with varying timing and resource requirements to dynamically coexist and cooperate to share the limited physical resources available to them, as well as also coexisting with non-real-time applications.This paper gives an overview of the Rialto real-time architecture as it is implemented today and reports on some of the early results obtained. In particular, it describes the use of time constraints, activities, CPU and other resource reservation, and the system resource planner, and how they work together to achieve our goal of providing a flexible, dynamic real-time computing environment.
Recombinant Lactococcus lactis can make the difference in antigen-specific immune tolerance induction, the Type 1 Diabetes case (2014)

Especially in western civilizations, immune diseases that are driven by innocuous (auto- or allo-) antigens are gradually evolving to become pandemic threats. A particularly poignant example is type 1 diabetes, where young children are confronted with the perspective and consequences of total pancreatic β-cell destruction. Along these disquieting observations we find ourselves equipped with impressively accumulating molecular immunological knowledge on the ins and outs of these pathologies. Often, however, it is difficult to translate this wealth into efficacious medicines. The molecular understanding, the concept of oral tolerance induction, the benefit of using recombinant Lactococcus lactis therein and recent openings towards their clinical use may well enable turning all colors to their appropriate fields on this Rubik's cube.
Benchmar king On-chip Optical Against Electr ical Inter connect for High- Per for mance Applications (2011)

In this paper, the opportunity of replacing on-chip electrical interconnects with optical interconnects in general purpose high performance applications is evaluated by simulations in the ITRS scaling scenario. Speed and energy consumption of a point-to-point on-chip optical interconnect link are benchmarked against on-chip electrical interconnects options optimized at circuit level for serving high performance applications. Since the on-chip optical interconnect technology is not mature yet in all its necessary link components, reasonable assumptions are taken and extrapolated in the ITRS scaling scenario.