gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Echo state networks with Tikhonov regularization: optimization using integral gain (2015)

This study proposes feed-forward echo state networks (ESN) as an estimator, and couples it with second-order proportional-integral-derivative (PID) feedback extension to compensate for dead time in feedback systems. The system is tested for two-dimensional space motion patterns recognition and prediction using simulations, which allows control of noise input. Tikhonov regularization is employed for training readouts and second-order PID feedback minimizes prediction bias. Evaluation is done using mean squared error and the coupled system performs well compared to any of its standalone versions. The results suggest it is feasible to (1) ‘compress’ the memory capacity of the system, and (2) reduce the number optimization parameters, while maintaining the estimation performance and following the excitation property of the estimator. It is feasible to optimize the ESN using feedback gain although it plays a significant role in the proposed system because the improvement by bias correction is far greater than that of optimization; thus, simplifying the estimation to a feedback problem which is easily tuned using the Ziegler–Nichols method.
Investigation of Oral, Gastric, and Duodenal Microbiota in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Symptoms (2021)

Disease-associated alterations of the intestinal microbiota composition, known as dysbiosis, have been well described in several functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Several studies have described alterations in the gastric microbiota in functional dyspepsia, but very few have looked at the duodenum.Here, we explored the upper GI tract microbiota of inpatients with upper GI dyspeptic symptoms, and compared them to achalasia controls, as there is no indication for an esophagogastroduodenoscopy in healthy individuals.We found differences in the microbiota composition at the three sites evaluated (ie, saliva, stomach and duodenum). Changes observed in patients with dyspepsia included an increase in <i>Veillonella</i> in saliva, an oral shift in the composition of the gastric microbiota, and to some degree in the duodenum as well, where an important abundance of anaerobes was observed. Metabolic function prediction identified greater anaerobic metabolism in the stomach microbial community of patients with dyspepsia. Proton pump inhibitor use was not associated with any particular genus. Co-abundance analysis revealed <i>Rothia</i> as the main hub in the duodenum, a genus that significantly correlated with the relative abundance of <i>Clostridium, Haemophilus</i>, and <i>Actinobacillus</i>We conclude that patients with upper GI symptoms consistent with dyspepsia have alterations in the microbiota of saliva, the stomach, and duodenum, which could contribute to symptoms of functional GI disorders.
Author response: A neutrophil–B-cell axis impacts tissue damage control in a mouse model of intraabdominal bacterial infection via Cxcr4 (2022)

LPS pre-exposure is tissue protective during a subsequent lethal E. coli peritonitis by long-term modulation the bone marrow B-cell and neutrophil pool which affects neutrophil tissue damaging properties and therapeutic activation of Cxcr4 promotes tissue damage control during sepsis.
Anamorelin (ONO-7643) in Japanese patients with non-small cell lung cancer and cachexia: results of a randomized phase 2 trial (2016)

This phase 2 study showed that 100 mg anamorelin has promising results in improving lean body mass, performance status, and especially, QOL in patients with cancer cachexia.
Biomarkers and genetics of brain injury risk in diabetic ketoacidosis: A pilot study (2015)

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the primary cause of death for children with diabetes, especially when complicated by cerebral edema. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is common, however the mechanism of, and predictors of CNS dysfunction/injury are largely unknown. In this observational pilot study, blood was collected from pediatric DKA patients at three time points (consent, 12 hr and 24 hr after beginning treatment), to test genetic markers, ribonucleic acid expression and plasma biomarkers reflecting inflammation (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α], interleukin-6 [IL-6]) and cerebral dysfunction and/or possible injury (S100β, glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP]). Thirty patients were enrolled in the study. The average age was 11.3 yr, 73% were new onset diabetes and 53% were female. Forty percent exhibited abnormal mentation (Glasgow Coma Scale <15), consistent with CNS dysfunction. IL-6 and TNF-α were elevated in plasma, suggesting systemic inflammation. GFAP was measurable in 45% of patients and correlated positively with GCS. Only two patients had detectable levels of S100β. In conclusion, children with DKA often present with evidence of acute neurologic dysfunction or injury. We have demonstrated the feasibility of exploring genetic and biochemical markers of potential importance in the pathophysiology of CNS dysfunction and/or possible injury in DKA. We have identified IL-6, TNF-α and GFAP as potentially important markers for further exploration. A larger, follow-up study will help to better understand the extent and type of CNS injury in DKA as well as the mechanism underlying this dysfunction/injury.
Effect of p53 Deficiency on External Vascular Cuff-Induced Neointima Formation. (2003)

The p53 tumor suppressor gene may act as an inhibitor of vascular neointima formation in response to injury and in the present study the effects of p53 deficiency on external vascular cuff-induced neointima formation were evaluated. Vascular neointima formation was induced by an external vascular cuff; a polyethylene tube placed around a 2 mm segment of the left femoral artery ensheathed the adventitia, but avoided direct intraluminal injury. Two weeks after cuff placement, the cuff-sheathed and contralateral control arteries without cuff from wild-type (n=10) and p53 deficient (n=8) mice were harvested and analyzed by quantitative morphometry. The areas of the lumen, intima, and media were measured in 10 cross-sections from one edge to the other of the cuffed portion, and in the corresponding 2-mm segment of the contralateral control artery. The volume ratio of the intima to media (I/M) was calculated. The contralateral control arteries without a cuff did not have intima in either wild-type or p53 deficient mice. In the cuff-sheathed arteries, neointima formation of p53 deficient mice with an I/M of 93% was significantly greater than that of wild-type mice with an I/M of 50% (P=0.001). The absence of p53 is associated with increased neointima formation in response to cuff injury.
Independent Component Analysis via Distance Covariance (2016)

This article introduces a novel statistical framework for independent component analysis (ICA) of multivariate data. We propose methodology for estimating mutually independent components, and a versatile resampling-based procedure for inference, including misspecification testing. Independent components are estimated by combining a nonparametric probability integral transformation with a generalized nonparametric whitening method based on distance covariance that simultaneously minimizes all forms of dependence among the components. We prove the consistency of our estimator under minimal regularity conditions and detail conditions for consistency under model misspecification, all while placing assumptions on the observations directly, not on the latent components. U statistics of certain Euclidean distances between sample elements are combined to construct a test statistic for mutually independent components. The proposed measures and tests are based on both necessary and sufficient conditions for mutual independence. We demonstrate the improvements of the proposed method over several competing methods in simulation studies, and we apply the proposed ICA approach to two real examples and contrast it with principal component analysis.
Tunneling Multiplexed Compressed RTP (TCRTP) (2005)

This document describes a method to improve the bandwidth utilization
of RTP streams over network paths that carry multiple Real-time
Transport Protocol (RTP) streams in parallel between two endpoints, as
in voice trunking. The method combines standard protocols that provide
compression, multiplexing, and tunneling over a network path for the
purpose of reducing the bandwidth used when multiple RTP streams are
carried over that path. This document specifies an Internet Best
Current Practices for the Internet Community, and requests discussion
and suggestions for improvements.
3DIVS (1999)

Virtual Environments (VEs) have the potential to revolutionize traditional product design by enabling the transition from conventional CAD to fully digital product development The presented prototype system targets closing the **digital gap” as introduced by the need for physical models such as clay models or mockups in the traditional product design and evaluation cycle. We describe a design environment that provides an intuitive human-machine interface for the creation and manipulation of three-dimensional (3D) models in a semi-immersive design space, focussing on ease of use and increased productivity for both designer and CAD engineers
Effect of Magnetic Fields on Thermionic Power Generators (1960)

It is demonstrated that the high currents present in large thermionic power generators produce magnetic fields which result in a considerable reduction of electron transmission and energy conversion efficiency. To overcome the adverse effect of the self-induced field, the report presents the concept of a magnetothermionic power generator, employing an externally produced magnetic field parallel to the current direction. Analysis indicates that this concept will permit efficient operation of large generators. In addition, by use of a modulated field coil current, it offers the possibility of the direct generation of alternating current, at a controlled frequency.
Thoracoscopic oesophagectomy with intrathoracal stapled anastomosis. (1994)

Techniques for intrathoracal stapler anastomosis under thoracoscopic control were studied and developed in an experimental program. Since this procedure is possible from two directions, both directions were evaluated. Two different techniques, a transoral and a transhiatal, resulted. For the transoral technique the stapler is inserted from above. The anvil, which is connected to a wire, is drawn into the abdomen together with the distal oesophagus. Retracting the wire pulls both the anvil and the stomach tube up into the thorax after the insertion of the anvil. The second technique requires a special attachment to introduce the anvil transhiatally into the thorax and into the oesophageal stump. The gastric tube is pushed into the thorax by the stapler gun, which is inserted into the stomach through an antrostomy. The insertion of the anvil into the oesophageal stump can also be achieved with the support of a flexible endoscope including a polyp snare.
Design of an Ultra-low Power Device for Aircraft Structural Health Monitoring (2013)

One of the popular structural health monitoring (SHM) applications of both automotive and aeronautic fields is devoted to the non-destructive localization of impacts in plate-like structures. The aim of this paper is to develop a miniaturized, self-contained and low power device for automated impact detection that can be used in a distributed fashion without central coordination. The proposed device uses an array of four piezoelectric transducers, bonded to the plate, capable to detect the guided waves generated by an impact, to a STM32F4 board equipped with an ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller and a IEEE802.15.4 wireless transceiver. The waves processing and the localization algorithm are implemented on-board and optimized for speed and power consumption. In particular, the localization of the impact point is obtained by cross-correlating the signals related to the same event acquired by the different sensors in the warped frequency domain. Finally the performance of the whole system is analysed in terms of localization accuracy and power consumption, showing the effectiveness of the proposed implementation.
Flow cytometry to evaluateTheileria sergenti parasitemia using the fluorescent nucleic acid stain, SYTO16 (2000)

Flow cytometric detection using SYTO16 is a rapid and reliable method of monitoring parasitemia in T. sergenti-infected cattle.
Using rapid prototyping in computer architecture design laboratories (1996)

This paper describes the undergraduate computer architecture courses and laboratories introduced at Georgia Tech during the past two years. A core sequence of six required courses for computer engineering students has been developed. In this paper, emphasis is placed upon the new core laboratories which utilize commercial CAD tools, FPGAs, hardware emulators, and a VHDL based rapid prototyping approach to simulate, synthesize, and implement prototype computer hardware.
Synthesis of 4-amino-3-hydroxy-6-methylheptanoic acid by a modified Reformatsky reaction (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 4-amino-3-hydroxy-6-methylheptanoic acid by a modified Reformatsky reactionWu-Schyong Liu and G. I. GloverCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 4, 754–755Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00398a059https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00398a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
CSAMOA: A Common Sense Application Model of Architecture (2007)

It has become apparent that many human-computer interface applications of common sense reasoning, particularly those built on theOpenMind Common Sense corpus, make use of similar computational tools (spreading activation, for example) in addition to the corpus itself. Meanwhile, new representations, new methods of reasoning, and new applications are being introduced without a clear foundation for understanding their interrelationships. In this paper, I describe my goals and progress in the design of a model of architecture for expressing the inter-operation of common sense tools developed as parts of different efforts.
Industrial Salesperson Development: A Career Stages Perspective (1984)

The scope of research on the development of salespeople has been very limited, in part because of an incomplete conceptual framework of salespeople's life and career changes. As a first step toward improving this situation, this article presents a framework of developing career concerns in the form of career stages. Career objectives, developmental tasks, personal challenges, and psychosocial needs of each career stage are discussed, and propositions are developed regarding the influence of career stages on salespeople's effectiveness.
Simultaneous testing of multiclass organic contaminants in food and environment by liquid chromatography/dielectric barrier discharge ionization-mass spectrometry (2012)

A Dielectric Barrier Discharge Ionization (DBDI) LC/MS interface is based on the use of a low-temperature helium plasma, which features the possibility of simultaneous ionization of species with a wide variety of physicochemical properties. In this work, the performance of LC/DBDI-MS for trace analysis of highly relevant species in food and environment has been examined. Over 75 relevant species including multiclass priority organic contaminants and residues such as pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, organochlorine species, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and drugs of abuse were tested. LC/DBDI-MS performance for this application was assessed and compared with standard LC/MS sources (electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI)). The used benchtop Orbitrap mass spectrometer features a 10 Hz polarity switching mode, so that both positive and negative ion mode acquisitions are possible with acquisition cycles matching the requirements of fast liquid chromatography. Both polar and nonpolar species (including those typically analyzed by GC/electron ionization-MS) can be tested in a single run using polarity switching mode. The methodology was found to be effective in detecting a wide array of organic compounds at concentration levels in the low ng L(-1) to μg kg(-1) range in wastewater and food matrices, respectively. The linearity was evaluated in an olive oil extract, obtaining good correlation coefficients in the studied range. Additionally, minor matrix effects (≤15% of signal suppression or enhancement) were observed for most of the studied analytes in this complex fatty matrix. The results obtained were compared with data from both ESI and APCI sources, obtaining a merged coverage between ESI and APCI in terms of analyte ionization and higher overall sensitivity for the proposed ion source based on the DBD principle. The use of this approach further extends the coverage of current LC/MS methods towards an even larger variety of chemical species including both polar and nonpolar (non-ESI amenable) species and may find several applications in fields such as food and environment testing or metabolomics where GC/MS and LC/MS are combined to cover as many different species as possible.
Permeation of dyes through polymer films. Part 1.—Acid dyes through cellulose (1962)

R. McGregor and I. Y. Mahajan, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1962, 58, 2484 DOI: 10.1039/TF9625802484
Overexpression of the bacterial tryptophan oxidase RebO affects auxin biosynthesis and Arabidopsis development (2016)

Both tryptophan(Trp) and auxin are essential for plant growth and Trp is a precursor for auxin biosynthesis.Concentrations of Trp and auxin need to be tightly controlled to ensure optimal growth and development. It has been very difficult to study the homeostasis of these two essential and inter-dependent compounds. Auxin is mainly synthesized from Trp via a two-step pathway using indole-3-pyruvate(IPA) as the intermediate. Here we used a bacterial Trp oxidase Reb O, which does not exist in Arabidopsis and which converts Trp to the imine form of IPA,to modulate IPA levels in Arabidopsis. Our results demonstrate that Arabidopsis plants use two strategies to ensure that no excess IPA is made from Trp. IPA is made from Trp by the TAA family of aminotransferases, which we show catalyzes the reverse reaction when IPA level is high. Moreover, excess IPA is converted back to Trp by the VAS1 aminotransferase. We show that the VAS1-catalyzed reaction is very important for Trp homeostasis. This work not only elucidates the intricate biochemical mechanisms that control the homeostasis of Trp, IPA, and auxin,but also provides novel tools for further biochemical studies on Trp metabolism and auxin biosynthesis in plants.
Immobilized ECM molecules and the effects of concentration and surface type on the control of NSC differentiation (2013)

New developments in growth factor and pharmaceutical control of cells for neural regenerative strategies have built a need for high throughput assays to conveniently screen these treatments in vitro before moving to more complex experiments. Towards this application, we have studied an easy and highly reproducible culture regime with a renewable cell source for central nervous system (CNS) strategies. Adult neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from the CNS are attractive for use in screening assay because they are easily expanded and can differentiate into all major CNS cell types. NSCs were cultured on glass alone or methacrylamide chitosan (MAC) hydrogel coated glass substrates, immobilized with extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins collagen and laminin at varying densities. Proteins were also adsorbed on the surfaces as a control. We found that adsorbed protein on hydrogel coated glass resulted in the highest cell densities after 8 d, over twice the density of immobilized groups or adsorbed protein on glass. No significant differences were observed between collagen, laminin, or both proteins together regarding cell differentiation (p > 0.05); however, the morphological spreading and branching of differentiated NSC processes was enhanced on MAC substrates with covalently immobilized laminin protein. The results of this study suggest that a soft MAC hydrogel surface with adsorbed protein would be most desirable for specifying neuronal differentiation of large numbers of stem cells due to the high cellularities they supported.
Novel Ce magnetism in CeDipnictide and Di-Ce pnictide structures (1991)

Results of electrical resistance and magnetic susceptibility measurements on Ce2Bi, Ce2Sb, CeScGe, CeScSi and CeSb2 are presented. Ce2Bi and Ce2Sb have antiferromagnetic transitions at low temperatures, while CeSb2, CeScGe and CeScSi have ferromagnetic transitions, CeScGe having a Tc = 46 K. The data are analyzed with respect to the similarities of the two crystal structure groups that these materials fall into: CeSb2 having the LaSb2 structure and the other materials all having the La2Sb structure.
ChemInform Abstract: Ozonolysis of Ethylideneazetidinones. Ozonide Fragmentation to α‐ Amino Acid N‐Carboxyanhydrides. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Optic axis dispersion in double tungstate crystals and laser operation at 2 μm (2014)

Measurements of the optic axis dispersion in double tungstate crystals have been performed from 400 nm to 1.58 μm. The measurements have been performed on KGdW, Nd-doped KGdW and Ho-doped KYW crystals. The samples were longer than 1 cm and had a good optical quality. The absolute angle reference was set using the Laue method. This reference allows us to compare more accurately our measurements with the calculations made using refractive index values found in literature. The difference observed between calculated values and measurements is significant. The relative dispersion looks similar for all double tungstate crystals tested. Furthermore first results of Holmium doped KYW laser operation along this axis will be shown.