gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Neonicotinoid Insecticides for Use with Biodegradable and Wooden Spheres for Control of Key <I>Rhagoletis</I> Species (Diptera: Tephritidae) (2001)

Field-based studies and laboratory bioassays were conducted with apple maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh), and blueberry maggot, Rhgoletis mendax Curran, flies to investigate the performance and duration of activity of insecticide-treated biodegradable and wooden spheres for control of Rhagoletis species. Four neonicotinoid insecticide treatments including imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, and thiocloprid at 2% (AI) were evaluated with biodegradable spheres. In 1999, significantly more apple maggot flies were found killed by imidacloprid-treated spheres compared with thiamethoxam-treated spheres during early and late season. In 2000, spheres treated with either of two formulations of imidacloprid killed significantly more apple maggot flies compared with thiamethoxam, thiocloprid, and untreated spheres. In blueberries, there were no significant differences between the numbers of blueberry maggot flies killed by both imidacloprid-treated or thiamethoxam-treated spheres in 1999. However, during the 2000 blueberry field season, both formulations of imidacloprid were significantly more effective in killing blueberry maggot flies compared with spheres treated with thiamethoxam, thiocloprid and untreated controls. Overall, spheres treated with thiocloprid were ineffective and did not kill significantly more apple maggot or blueberry maggot flies compared with the controls. Laboratory bioassays showed that the effectiveness of field-exposed spheres treated with imidacloprid at 4 and d 8% (AI) and thiamethoxam at 4% (AI) in killing apple maggot flies was not significantly reduced over a 12-wk aging period. Additionally, wooden spheres aged outdoors for 12 wk with and without mold maintained residual activity in laboratory tests, whereas biodegradable spheres of equal aging, with and without mold lost their effectiveness in killing apple maggot flies. In other studies, we confirmed that the addition of an external feeding stimulant (sucrose) significantly increases the effectiveness of both biodegradable and wooden spheres treated with imidacloprid at 2% (AI).
Newly established patient-derived organoid model of intracranial meningioma (2021)

An organoid model for meningioma enabled us to elucidate the tumor biology of meningioma along with potent treatment targets for meningioma.
Transglutaminase 2 and Its Role in Pulmonary Fibrosis (2011)

TG2 is involved in pulmonary fibrosis in a mouse model and in human disease and is important in normal fibroblast function. With continued research on TG2, it may offer a new therapeutic target.
Emergence of the Vortex State in Confined Ferroelectric Heterostructures (2019)

The manipulation of charge and lattice degrees of freedom in atomically precise, low-dimensional ferroelectric superlattices can lead to exotic polar structures, such as a vortex state. The role of interfaces in the evolution of the vortex state in these superlattices (and the associated electrostatic and elastic boundary conditions they produce) has remained unclear. Here, the toroidal state, arranged in arrays of alternating clockwise/counterclockwise polar vortices, in a confined SrTiO<sub>3</sub> /PbTiO<sub>3</sub> /SrTiO<sub>3</sub> trilayer is investigated. By utilizing a combination of transmission electron microscopy, synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction, and phase-field modeling, the phase transition as a function of layer thickness (number of unit cells) demonstrates how the vortex state emerges from the ferroelectric state by varying the thickness of the confined PbTiO<sub>3</sub> layer. Intriguingly, the vortex state arises at head-to-head domain boundaries in ferroelectric a<sub>1</sub> /a<sub>2</sub> twin structures. In turn, by varying the total number of PbTiO<sub>3</sub> layers (moving from trilayer to superlattices), it is possible to manipulate the long-range interactions among multiple confined PbTiO<sub>3</sub> layers to stabilize the vortex state. This work provides a new understanding of how the different energies work together to produce this exciting new state of matter and can contribute to the design of novel states and potential memory applications.
Water Weakening: A Laboratory Study of Marcellus, Woodford, Eagle Ford, and Wolfcamp Shales (2019)

Summary Hydraulic fracturing is the completion method of choice in unconventional resource plays. Common laboratory protocols for measuring rock strength, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio typically do not account for moisture content in rocks, yet these parameters are critical in fracture designs and are greatly affected by rock moisture content. The process of water weakening is particularly complicated in shales because of the presence of both organic matter and inorganic minerals, such as clays, silica, and calcite. We study the effects of spontaneous fluid imbibition (brine and dodecane) on Young's modulus and hardness in shales using nanoindentation. The shales studied include Marcellus, Woodford, Eagle Ford, and Wolfcamp. A key objective was to compare the weakening effects of 2.5 and 7.5% KCl brine solutions vs. dodecane. Our measurements show that irrespective of the shale wettability, brine led to a greater reduction in Young's modulus (45% reduction in Marcellus, 25% in Woodford, 12% in Eagle Ford, and 21% in Wolfcamp) than dodecane (25% reduction in Marcellus, 17% in Woodford, 4% in Eagle Ford, and 3% in Wolfcamp). Increasing the concentration of the clay stabilizers, such as KCl, led to lower weakening. On the basis of these measurements, it seems that wettability also plays a role in water weakening. Marcellus, being strongly water-wet, experienced the greatest reduction in Young's modulus and hardness. On the other hand, the Eagle Ford samples, being predominantly oil-wet, experienced the least reduction in Young's modulus and hardness. The Wolfcamp and Woodford samples, being mixed-wet, experienced moderate reductions in Young's modulus and hardness.
Functional Analysis of c-Met/Hepatocyte Growth Factor Pathway in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (2006)

c-Met receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) has not been extensively studied in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). In this study, c-Met was overexpressed and activated in most of the mesothelioma cell lines tested. Expression in MPM tissues by immunohistochemistry was increased (82%) in MPM in general compared with normal. c-Met was internalized with its ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in H28 MPM cells, with robust expression of c-Met. Serum circulating HGF was twice as high in mesothelioma patients as in healthy controls. There was a differential growth response and activation of AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 in response to HGF for the various cell lines. Dose-dependent inhibition (IC50 < 2.5 micromol/L) of cell growth in mesothelioma cell lines, but not in H2052, H2452, and nonmalignant MeT-5A (IC50 > 10 micromol/L), was observed with the small-molecule c-Met inhibitor SU11274. Furthermore, migration of H28 cells was blocked with both SU11274 and c-Met small interfering RNA. Abrogation of HGF-induced c-Met and downstream signaling was seen in mesothelioma cells. Of the 43 MPM tissues and 7 cell lines, we have identified mutations within the semaphorin domain (N375S, M431V, and N454I), the juxtamembrane domain (T1010I and G1085X), and an alternative spliced product with deletion of the exon 10 of c-Met in some of the samples. Interestingly, we observed that the cell lines H513 and H2596 harboring the T1010I mutation exhibited the most dramatic reduction of cell growth with SU11274 when compared with wild-type H28 and nonmalignant MeT-5A cells. Ultimately, c-Met would be an important target for therapy against MPM.
Recent CB1 cannabinoid receptor antagonists and inverse agonists (2009)

Abstract Antagonists or inverse agonists of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R) reported from the 2006–2007 period are reviewed. The compounds are either variations of the archetypical cannabinoid CB1 inverse agonist rimonabant (SR141716) or are other structures less obviously related to the archetype. Many of the former class replace the core pyrazole ring of rimonabant with other ring systems to display/arrange the appended binding/activity elements. A structure‐activity relationship evolves from bioassays of these compounds that also provides a more detailed understanding of the molecular mechanism of the binding to and stabilization of the active and inactive states of the constitutively active CB1R. In addition to diverse variations of the core ring and appended substituents, conformationally constrained analogs with high affinity were revealed, a number of which do not fit a one‐to‐one atom correspondence with the putatively active conformations of the rimonabant template and other active analogs. Diphenylmethyl analogs were a repeated motif in structures where core rings were either absent or played less restrictive roles in structures pursuing higher conformational freedom. Bicyclic nitrogen heterocyclic ring systems as the central core structures were reported, as were linear structures including phenyl ureas and taranabant analogs. Finally, peptides in the hemopressin class were presented as CB1 antagonists. Drug Dev Res 70:601–615, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Design of thermoelectric modules for both mechanical reliability and performance using FE simulation (2014)

Thermo-mechanical modeling of the TE modules provides an efficient tool for assessing the mechanical strength of the modules against the induced thermal stresses and subsequently optimizing them in terms of the mechanical reliability. However, the design of TE modules in terms of mechanical reliability cannot be separated completely from the design for performance. These two objectives may conflict such that the improvement of the design parameters for one objective can deteriorate the other one. This trade off can be seen particularly when the geometrical dimensions of a TE module is optimized for these two objectives. The current study deals with FE simulation of the TE modules to optimize their geometrical dimension in terms of mechanical reliability and performance. First, FE simulation of a TE module consisting of bismuth telluride alloys is carried out and the induced thermal stresses, output power and efficiency of the module is calculated. Then, the geometrical dimensions of the module including the leg length and the cross sections of the TE elements are varied and the corresponding maximum thermal stresses, output power and efficiency of the modules are obtained. Based on the results, the geometrical dimensions of the TE elements for both mechanical reliability and performance are optimized to obtain a compromise design. The present work provides a basis for optimizing the TE modules in terms of their life time and performance.
LIPSS formation by picosecond laser irradiation of magnetron sputtered CGO thin films (2021)

International audience
Liquid Crystal Materials with Sulfur Atoms Incorporated in the Principal Structure 2. New Liquid Crystal Compounds; 2-Substituted-5-(p-substituted phenyl)-1,3-dithianes (1984)

Abstract 2-Substituted-5-(p-substituted phenyl)-1,3-dithianes (8), new liquid crystals, were synthesized. The mesomorphic properties of these compounds were compared with those of the corresponding 2-(p-substituted phenyl)-5-alkyl-1,3-dithianes (9). The main difference found between these two liquid-crystal compounds was that some of 8 exhibited both monotropic nematic and smectic liquid-crystal phases but 9 exhibited only the monotropic nematic phase. This difference seems to originate in somewhat increased lateral interactions between molecules. Even for the three-ring compounds, many of them exhibited the monotropic liquid-crystal behavior. This should mean that these 1,3-dithiane compounds strongly tend to exhibit the monotropic liquid-crystal behavior.
Synthesis of glyoxylyl peptides using an Fmoc-protected α,α′-diaminoacetic acid derivative (2005)

The synthesis of glyoxylyl peptides by coupling the masked glyoxylic acid derivative (FmocNH)(2)CHCO(2)H, 1, to a peptidyl resin assembled using Fmoc/tert-butyl chemistry has been described recently. Deprotection and cleavage of the peptide from the solid support using TFA was followed by unmasking of the glyoxylyl group in solution in the presence of DBU. [] The glyoxylyl peptide was thus generated using non-oxidizing conditions by comparison with the method based on the periodic oxidation of a seryl-precursor. However, base treatment of the (FmocNH)(2)CHCO(2)-peptide led to the formation of a byproduct besides the desired glyoxylyl peptide. This paper describes an optimized procedure for unmasking the Fmoc-protected alpha,alpha'-diaminoacetic acid moiety in solution which suppressed byproduct formation. Also presented is a series of experiments that permitted a structure and a mechanism of formation for the byproduct to be suggested.
Needle localization in MR-guided biopsy and aspiration: effects of field strength, sequence design, and magnetic field orientation. (1996)

Specific measurements differed with field strength, but needle tip localization within 1 mm was obtained at both 0.2 and 1.5 T with the appropriate frequency-encoding direction, pulse sequence, and imaging parameters. Orientation of the needle parallel to the magnetic field significantly reduced the apparent width of the needle at both field strengths but also decreased the accuracy of needle tip position localization.
Multiple pulsed thermal plasma generation (2003)

This paper presents a novel method for generation of a single and/or multiple thermal plasmas. The plasma reactors are energized in three stages with an all solid-switch pulsed power source. Multiple pulsed thermal plasmas can be generated simultaneously. (4 pages)
Large-Scale Characterization of DNA Methylation Changes in Human Gastric Carcinomas with and without Metastasis (2014)

Methylation changes of GFRA1, SRF, and ZNF382 may be a potential biomarker set for prediction of gastric carcinoma metastasis.
Compact Frequency Selective Surface Antenna for Grain Moisture Content Monitoring (2021)

In this paper, we propose a novel frequency selective surface (FSS) antenna for monitoring the moisture content (MC) in X-band (8–12 GHz). In the proposed sensor, the sample under test acts as the substrate of the antenna sandwiched between an array of square split ring resonators (SSRR) at the top plate and a ground plate at the bottom. The center frequency is chosen as 10 GHz. The width, length, and thickness of the FSS are 21 mm, 50 mm, and 0.017 mm, respectively. The compactness, sensitivity, and simplicity of the proposed antenna make it a suitable candidate as a portable microwave sensor for moisture content monitoring.
Multi-Factor Experimental Designs for Exploring Response Surfaces (1957)

Suppose that a relationship $\eta = \varphi(\xi_1, \xi_2, \cdots, \xi_k)$ exists between a response $\eta$ and the levels $\xi_1, \xi_2, \cdots, \xi_k$ of $k$ quantitative variables or factors, and that nothing is assumed about the function $\varphi$ except that, within a limited region of immediate interest in the space of the variables, it can be adequately represented by a polynomial of degree $d$. A $k$-dimensional experimental design of order $d$ is a set of $N$ points in the $k$-dimensional space of the variables so chosen that, using the data generated by making one observation at each of the points, all the coefficients in the $d$th degree polynomial can be estimated. The problem of selecting practically useful designs is discussed, and in this connection the concept of the variance function for an experimental design is introduced. Reasons are advanced for preferring designs having a "spherical" or nearly "spherical" variance function. Such designs insure that the estimated response has a constant variance at all points which are the same distance from the center of the design. Designs having this property are called rotatable designs. When such arrangements are submitted to rotation about the fixed center, the variances and covariances of the estimated coefficients in the fitted series remain constant. Rotatable designs having satisfactory variance functions are given for $d = 1, 2$; and $k = 2, 3, \cdots, \infty$. Blocking arrangements are derived. The simplification in the form of the confidence region for a stationary point resulting from the use of a second order rotatable design is discussed.
Generic Image Restoration with Flow Based Priors (2021)

Image restoration has seen great progress in the last years thanks to the advances in deep neural networks. Most of these existing techniques are trained using full supervision with suitable image pairs to tackle a specific degradation. However, in a generic setting with unknown degradations this is not possible and a good prior remains crucial. Recently, neural network based approaches have been proposed to model such priors by leveraging either denoising autoencoders or the implicit regularization captured by the neural network structure itself. In contrast to this, we propose using normalizing flows to model the distribution of the target content and to use this as a prior in a maximum a posteriori (MAP) formulation. By expressing the MAP optimization process in the latent space through the learned bijective mapping, we are able to obtain solutions through gradient descent. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that explores normalizing flows as prior in generic image enhancement problems. Furthermore, we present experimental results for a number of different degradations on data sets varying in complexity and show competitive results when comparing with the deep image prior approach.
Gate resistance influence on the impedance matching for common gate MOSFET amplifiers (2011)

The gate and bulk resistances influence on the impedance matching in case of MOSFET common gate amplifiers is investigated. It is shown that using a supplementary resistance of maximum 100Ω, S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> becomes less than -15 dB over a wide frequency range, therefore making the circuit suitable for low power wideband RF applications and less sensitive to the loading capacitor value, at the price of a supplementary noise. The simulations were carried out in 0.35μm AMS CMOS process.
THE LACK OF IMPACT OF TREATMENT TIME ON THE OUTCOME OF DEFINITIVE RADIOTHERAPY FOR CARCINOMA OF THE PROSTATE (1993)

The records of 180 patients definitively irradiated for newly diagnosed adenocarcinoma of the prostate between 1970 and 1988 at Duke University Medical Center (107 patients from 1970-1983) and Moore Regional Hospital (73 patients from 1981-1988) were reviewed to determine the impact of overall treatment time on survival, local control, disease-free survival, and time to distant metastases. Using multivariate analysis we controlled for the influence of the following prognostic variables in addition to overall treatment time: age, clinical stage, histologic grade, acid phosphatase, type of biopsy, radiation dose, and use of hormonal therapy. Median follow-up was 46 months. Eighty-three percent of patients had clinical Stage B or C tumors. This is the first study to consider how treatment time might interact with recognized prognostic variables to influence treatment outcomes in prostate cancer and we found that overall treatment time did not significantly influence any of the outcome endpoints. Future research designed to improve local control after radiotherapy for prostate cancer should not focus on altering treatment time, but should explore other avenues such as hyperthermia, chemical modifiers or conformal therapy.
Geochemical Quantitative Assessment of Mineral Resource Potential in the Da Hinggan Mountains in Inner Mongolia, China (2022)

Studying surface geochemical anomalies is important for detecting the presence of mineral deposits. However, distinguishing inconspicuous geochemical anomalies is a challenge for geochemists. This paper studies geochemical quantitative prediction for Pb–Zn metallic mineral deposits by identifying inconspicuous surface geochemical anomalies mainly associated with the Permian and Jurassic strata in the middle-southern Da Hinggan Mountains metallogenic belt. Some new methods are employed to highlight weak surface geochemical anomalies. The weak surface geochemical anomalies of Pb and Zn are effectively highlighted by the average contrast values of Pb–Zn–Ag–Cd. The similarity coefficient with the large typical discovered deposits is used to identify new Pb–Zn mineralized anomalies and delineate new prospecting target areas. The denudation degree of mineral deposit is determined by the ratio of (W × Sn)/(As × Sb). The analogy method and areal productivity method are employed for resource prediction. Thirty-six prediction areas with Pb–Zn resources of 307.73 million tons are delineated. Five prediction areas are verified, and some new mineral deposits are proven by drilling. The verification results show that the predicted resources are very reasonable and credible. This paper is a successful case of quantitative prediction assessment of mineral resource potential, which can be used as a reference for future prospecting activities.
Significant metabolic improvement by a water extract of olives: animal and human evidence (2017)

ABSTRACT Dyslipidemia and impaired glucose metabolism, are main health issues of growing prevalence and significant high Health Care cost, requiring novel prevention and/or therapeutic approaches. Epidemiological and animal studies revealed olive oil as an important dietary constituent for normolipidemia. However, no studies have specifically investigated the polyphenol rich water extract of olives (OLWPE), generated during olive oil production. Here, we explore OLPWE in animals and human metabolic parameters. High fat-fed rats developed a metabolic dysfunction, which was significantly impaired when treated with OLWPE, with decreased LDL and insulin levels and increased HDL. Moreover, they increased total plasma antioxidant capacity, while several phenolic compounds were detected in their blood. These findings were also verified in humans that consumed OLWPE daily for four weeks in a food matrix. Our data clearly show that OLWPE can improve glucose and lipid profile, indicating its possible use in the design of functional food and/or therapeutic interventions.
Macroscale cortical organization and a default-like apex transmodal network in the marmoset monkey (2019)

Networks of widely distributed regions populate human association cortex. One network, often called the default network, is positioned at the apex of a gradient of sequential networks that radiate outward from primary cortex. Here, extensive anatomical data made available through the Marmoset Brain Architecture Project are explored to show a homologue exists in marmoset. Results reveal that a gradient of networks extend outward from primary cortex to progressively higher-order transmodal association cortex in both frontal and temporal cortex. The apex transmodal network comprises frontopolar and rostral temporal association cortex, parahippocampal areas TH / TF, the ventral posterior midline, and lateral parietal association cortex. The positioning of this network in the gradient and its composition of areas make it a candidate homologue to the human default network. That the marmoset, a physiologically- and genetically-accessible primate, might possess a default-network-like candidate creates opportunities for study of higher cognitive and social functions.