gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glucose tolerance in Canadian and French cystic fibrosis adult patients (2019)

Cystic fibrosis (CF)-related diabetes is associated with increased mortality. We analysed the clinical and glycemic profiles of two cohorts of patients treated according to the same guidelines in France and Canada. To investigate incidence differences in phenotypic and glucose abnormalities and to explore the evolution over a 4-year follow-up period, two cohorts of 224 Canadian and 147 French adult CF patients (≥18 years) without treated CF-related diabetes (CFRD) were followed over a 4 year period. In each of these groups, we investigated the longitudinal relationship between glucose tolerance and pulmonary function. An annual 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test was performed: fasting blood glucose (G0) and 2-h blood glucose (G2) were measured. Patients were classified at inclusion according to their glucose tolerance status: Normal glucose tolerant, abnormal glucose tolerant or de novo CFRD. Age, sex ratio and proportion of F508del homozygous patients were not statistically different between both cohorts. Canadian patients had better pulmonary function (median %FEV1 (IQR): 71.0 (55.0-82.0) vs. 64.0 (40.0-78.0), p < 0.001) and greater body mass index (BMI; median BMI in kg/m<sup>2</sup>) (IQR) 21.1 (19.5-22.8) vs. 19.9 (18.4-21.4), p < 0.001). Glucose values: G0 (5.4 (5.0-5.9) vs. 4.8 (4.5-5.1) mmol/L, p < 0.001) and G2 (7.6 (5.8-9.7) vs. 6.5 (5.2-8.5) mmol/L, p = 0.001) were higher in the Canadian cohort translating into a higher incidence of de novo CFRD diagnosis (19.2 vs. 9.8%, p = 0.003). Decline in FEV1 over time was not different between patients according to glucose tolerance groups. Despite higher glucose levels and incidence of de novo CFRD, Canadian CF patients have a better lung function and a higher BMI than French patients. In spite of these differences between the cohorts, the decline in FEV1 in patients with abnormal glucose tolerance is similar between these groups.
Properties of photorefractive nonstoichiometric bismuth silicon oxide, BixSiO_15x_+2 (1991)

Single crystals of bismuth silicon oxide (BSO) were Czochralski grown nonstoichiometrically from high-purity starting materials. Several series of three crystals were grown from nonstoichiometric melts starting with a bismuth oxide–rich melt. The intrinsic absorption shoulder of BSO was modified in amplitude with growth from nonstoichiometric melts. Two-beam coupling was used to determine photorefractive material parameters of the nonstoichiometric crystals. The data were analyzed with the two-beam coupling, two-carrier single multivalent ion model of the photorefractive effect. Parameters determined include the effective trap density, the hole–electron competition parameter, and the ratio of hole-to-electron absorption. Higher absorption correspond to a higher effective trap density and gain coefficient. The two-beam coupling gains, measured in the diffusion regime, are believed to be the largest reported for BSO, 0.70 cm−1, and are correlated to nonstoichiometric-growth-induced changes in the native defect concentrations.
Moisture Sorption Isotherms of Various Tobaccos (1978)

The equilibrium moisture contents of sun-cured (Kroumougrad), flue-cured (Bright Yellow—4) and air-cured (Burley-21 and Matsukawa) tobaccos were measured over a relative humidity range from 5 to 80% at 20°C. The moisture sorption isotherms of tobaccos were of sigmoid type, and classified into two groups. In a lower humidity range below ca. 40% RH, the A group (Kroumougrad and BY-4) had a smaller moisture sorption capacity than B group (Burley-21 and Matsukawa), while in a higher humidity range above ca. 50% RH the former had a larger moisture sorption capacity than the latter. By extracting with water, the moisture content of BY-4 was increased in the lower humidity range, while it decreased in the higher humidity range. However, the moisture content of Matsukawa was scarecely changed by extracting it with water. These results suggest that the differences in equilibrium moisture content with the type of curing were due to the differences in contents of water soluble com- ponents. To control the hygroscopic properties of a tobacco, therefore, the influences of the addition of sucrose and glycerol on the equilibrium moisture content were quantitatively analysed. The moisture sorption capacity of tobacco was greatly different from its nitrogen sorption capacity. The specific surface area of tobacco calculated from moisture sorption isotherm was ca. 110 times larger than the specific surface area calculated from the nitrogen sorption isotherm. Both the nitrogen and moisture sorption data should be necessary for better understanding of the complicated sorption-desorption phenomena in tobaccos.
Ionone Is More than a Violet’s Fragrance: A Review (2020)

The term ionone is derived from "iona" (Greek for violet) which refers to the violet scent and "ketone" due to its structure. Ionones can either be chemically synthesized or endogenously produced via asymmetric cleavage of β-carotene by β-carotene oxygenase 2 (BCO2). We recently proposed a possible metabolic pathway for the conversion of α-and β-pinene into α-and β-ionone. The differences between BCO1 and BCO2 suggest a unique physiological role of BCO2; implying that β-ionone (one of BCO2 products) is involved in a prospective biological function. This review focuses on the effects of ionones and the postulated mechanisms or signaling cascades involved mediating these effects. β-Ionone, whether of an endogenous or exogenous origin possesses a range of pharmacological effects including anticancer, chemopreventive, cancer promoting, melanogenesis, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial actions. β-Ionone mediates these effects via activation of olfactory receptor (OR51E2) and regulation of the activity or expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins, pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins, HMG-CoA reductase and pro-inflammatory mediators. α-Ionone and β-ionone derivatives exhibit anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anticancer effects, however the corresponding structure activity relationships are still inconclusive. Overall, data demonstrates that ionone is a promising scaffold for cancer, inflammation and infectious disease research and thus is more than simply a violet's fragrance.
Activated Metals VII. An Improved Method for the Synthesis of Trialkyl and Triaryl Indium Compounds (1974)

Abstract An improved method has been developed for the synthesis of triaryl and trialkyl indium compounds by the reaction of diorganomercury compounds with activated indium metal which was prepared by reducing an indium salt with alkali metals in hydrocarbon solvents. Trimethylindium, triphenyl-indium and tritolylindium have been prepared in hydrocarbon solvents using this activated indium metal.
Allodynia in Migraine: Association With Comorbid Pain Conditions (2009)

Symptoms of CA in migraine were associated with current anxiety, depression, and several chronic pain conditions. A graded relationship was observed between number of allodynic symptoms and the number of pain conditions, even after adjusting for confounding factors. This study also presents the novel association of CA symptoms with younger age of migraine onset, and with cigarette smoking, in addition to confirming several previously reported findings.
Etude de la sécurité d’algorithmes de cryptographie embarquée vis-à-vis des attaques par analyse de la consommation de courant (2015)

Cryptography is taking an ever more important part in the life of societies since the users are realising the importance to secure the different aspects of life from citizens means of payment, communication and records of private life to the national securities and armies. During the last twenty years we learned that to mathematically secure cryptography algorithms is not enough because of the vulnerabilities brought by their implementations in a device through an alternative means to get information: side channels. Whether it is from power consumption, time or electromagnetic emissions ... those biases have been evaluated and, since their discovery, the researches of new attacks follow new countermeasures in order to guarantee security of algorithms. This thesis is part of this process and shows several research works about attacks and countermeasures in the fields of side channel and fault injections analysis. The first part is about classic contributions where an attacker wants to recover a secret key when the second part deals with the less studied field of secret specifications recovery.
A systematic rheological study of alkyl amine surfactants for fluid mobility control in hydrocarbon reservoirs (2018)

The basis of this study is to identify the versatility of N,N,N′-trimethyl-N′-tallow-1,3-diaminopropane (DTTM) surfactant in high saline environments. The surfactant was examined with sodium chloride, NaCl, to understand how triggers such as salt, pH, temperature, and surfactant concentration influences the viscoelastic response of the surfactant solution. The DTTM surfactant and salt (NaCl) concentrations used in steady-state shear viscosity analysis range from 0.2 wt% to 2 wt% and 5 wt% to 25 wt%, respectively. Along with DTTM results, three similar chemical structures are investigated to understand how viscosity changes with alterations in tail and head group composition. It was found that DTTM surfactant has the capability of transitioning from a foam-bearing to viscoelastic state at low surfactant concentrations under moderate to high saline conditions. A longer tail length promotes viscoelasticity and shear-thinning behavior. Terminals consisting of hydroxides or ethoxylates have a lower viscosity than that of methyl terminals. A head group consisting of two nitrogen atoms has a higher viscosity than those containing one nitrogen atom. The rheological characterization of DTTM presented in this paper is part of a larger study in determining the capability of this surfactant to foam CO2 for improving mobility control in CO2 enhanced oil recovery in high saline oil formations.
High-Temperature Stabilizers for Jet Fuels and Similar Hydrocarbon Mixtures. 2. Kinetic Studies (1996)

While 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline and benzyl alcohol are fine high-temperature (>400 °C) thermal stabilizers that efficiently inhibit the thermal degradation of dodecane, jet fuels, and similar hydrocarbon mixtures, kinetic studies reveal that the rate of dodecane degradation in the mixtures is a very strong function of temperature above 400 °C. In fact, we conclude that it will be extremely difficult to adequately stabilize hydrocarbon fuels using hydrogen donors at temperature much above 500 °C.
Agent-based Learning for Driving Policy Learning in Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (2017)

Due to the complexity of the natural world, a programmer cannot foresee all possible situations a connected and autonomous vehicle (CAV) will face during its operation, and hence, CAVs will need to learn to make decisions autonomously. Due to the sensing of its surroundings and information exchanged with other vehicles and road infrastructure a CAV will have access to large amounts of useful data. This paper investigates a data driven driving policy learning framework through an agent based learning. A reinforcement learning framework is presented in the paper, which simulates the self-evolution of a CAV over its lifetime. The results indicated that overtime the CAVs are able to learn useful policies to avoid crashes and achieve its objectives in more efficient ways. Vehicle to vehicle communication in particular, enables additional useful information to be acquired by CAVs, which in turn enables CAVs to learn driving policies more efficiently. The simulation results indicate that while a CAV can learn to make autonomous decision V2V communication of information improves this capability. The future work will investigate complex driving policies such as roundabout negotiations, cooperative learning between CAVs and deep reinforcement learning to traverse larger state spaces.
Chemical Composition of Angelica pancicii Essential Oil Determined by Liquid and Headspace GC-MS Techniques (2014)

The essential oil of the Balkan endemic species, Angelica pancicii, obtained by hydrodistillation, was analyzed by GC and GC-MS, applying the liquid injection mode. These results were compared with the chemical composition of volatiles achieved by the "headspace" injection mode, followed by GC and GC-MS (HS-GC-MS). A total of 40 compounds were identified in the essential oil (98.8% of the total oil) and 44 by HS-GC-MS (99.8% of the total oil). The most abundant class of compounds in both cases was monoterpenoids, which formed 92.7% of the essential oil (97.7% by HS-GC-MS) of total identified compounds. The major components in both cases were beta-phellandrene (54.9% and 60.1%, respectively), alpha-pinene (14.5% and 20.1%, respectively) and alpha-phellandrene (4.5% and 4.3%, respectively).
Vaccination of Rabbits against Trichophytosis - An Experimental Study (1998)

Protective efficacy ofTRICHOPELEN, a vaccine containing a living Trichophyton mentagrophytes strain, against experimental infection with T. mentagrophytes strain proved good. The vaccine showed a satisfactory effect after i.m. administration to 4-month old rabbits and after s.c. administration to 11-to 14-day old rabbits. The efficacy ofTRICHOBEN AV, a vaccine containing a living T. verrucosum strain, against the heterologous species T. mentagrophytes was unsatisfactory. The vaccination T. mentllgrophytes strain survived in the inoculated muscle of experimental rabbits for 9 to 10 days. Examination of the lungs, liver, kidney, spleen, lymph node and blood samples for the presence of the vaccination strain yielded negative results.
High-Resolution Analysis of the 5′-End Transcriptome Using a Next Generation DNA Sequencer (2008)

Massively parallel, tag-based sequencing systems, such as the SOLiD system, hold the promise of revolutionizing the study of whole genome gene expression due to the number of data points that can be generated in a simple and cost-effective manner. We describe the development of a 5'-end transcriptome workflow for the SOLiD system and demonstrate the advantages in sensitivity and dynamic range offered by this tag-based application over traditional approaches for the study of whole genome gene expression. 5'-end transcriptome analysis was used to study whole genome gene expression within a colon cancer cell line, HT-29, treated with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5Aza). More than 20 million 25-base 5'-end tags were obtained from untreated and 5Aza-treated cells and matched to sequences within the human genome. Seventy three percent of the mapped unique tags were associated with RefSeq cDNA sequences, corresponding to approximately 14,000 different protein-coding genes in this single cell type. The level of expression of these genes ranged from 0.02 to 4,704 transcripts per cell. The sensitivity of a single sequence run of the SOLiD platform was 100-1,000 fold greater than that observed from 5'end SAGE data generated from the analysis of 70,000 tags obtained by Sanger sequencing. The high-resolution 5'end gene expression profiling presented in this study will not only provide novel insight into the transcriptional machinery but should also serve as a basis for a better understanding of cell biology.
PM10 FROM STREET DUST AND PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW AMONG SYMPTOMATIC CHILDREN (1996)

*National Public Health Institute, Kuopio, Finland; **University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland; ***University of Tarto, Tarto, Estonia.
Speckle‐Tracking Analysis in Fetuses With Tetralogy of Fallot: Evaluation of Right and Left Ventricular Contractility and Left Ventricular Function (2022)

Using multiple measurement tools to evaluate global, longitudinal, and transverse contractility, this study identified significant differences between fetuses with TOF and healthy controls, with greater contractility abnormalities seen in the LV than in the RV.
Harvesting of intraoral autogenous block grafts from the chin and ramus region: Preliminary results with a variable square pulse Er:YAG laser (2008)

The bone ablation technique using a (VSP) Er:YAG laser yielded superior clinical results without impairment of wound healing and in comparison to other laser systems, no significant time loss occurred. Yet, the missing depth control and the necessity of carefully handling the laser beam position and its angulation limit the use of a (VSP) Er:YAG laser to regions where a safe and fixed guidance of the laser beam is feasible.
Limosilactobacillus fermentum Strain 3872: Antibacterial and Immunoregulatory Properties and Synergy with Prebiotics against Socially Significant Antibiotic-Resistant Infections of Animals and Humans (2022)

<i>Limosilactobacillus fermentum</i> strain 3872 (LF3872) was originally isolated from the breast milk of a healthy woman during lactation and the breastfeeding of a child. The high-quality genome sequencing of LF3872 was performed, and a gene encoding a unique bacteriocin was discovered. It was established that the bacteriocin produced by LF3872 (BLF3872) belongs to the family of cell-wall-degrading proteins that cause cell lysis. The antibacterial properties of LF3872 were studied using test cultures of antibiotic-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Gram-positive pathogens (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> strain 8325-4 and <i>S. aureus</i> strain IIE CI-SA 1246) were highly sensitive to the bacteriolytic action of LF3872. Gram-negative pathogens (<i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Salmonella</i> strains, and <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> strains) were more resistant to the bacteriolytic action of LF3872 compared to Gram-positive pathogens. LF3872 is a strong co-aggregator of Gram-negative pathogens. The cell-free culture supernatant of LF3872 (CSLF3872) induced cell damage in the Gram-positive and Gram-negative test cultures and ATP leakage. In the in vitro experiments, it was found that LF3872 and Actigen prebiotic (Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY, USA) exhibited synergistic anti-adhesive activity against Gram-negative pathogens. LF3872 has immunoregulatory properties: it inhibited the lipopolysaccharide-induced production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α in a monolayer of Caco-2 cells; inhibited the production of IL-12 and stimulated the production of IL-10 in immature human dendritic cells; and stimulated the production of TGF-β, IFN-γ, and IgA in the immunocompetent cells of intestinal Peyer's patches (PPs) in mice. These results indicate the possibility of creating a synbiotic based on LF3872 and a prebiotic derived from <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> cell wall components. Such innovative drugs and biologically active additives are necessary for the implementation of a strategy to reduce the spread of antibiotic-resistant strains of socially significant animal and human infections.
An Injectable Hyaluronic Acid-Based Composite Hydrogel by DA Click Chemistry With pH Sensitive Nanoparticle for Biomedical Application (2019)

Hydrogels with multifunctional properties attracted intensively attention in the field of tissue engineering because of their excellent performance. Also, object-oriented design had been supposed to an effective and efficient method for material design as cell scaffold in the field of tissue engineering. Therefore, a scaffold-oriented injectable composite hydrogel was constructed by two components. One was pH-sensitive bifunctional nanoparticles for growth factor delivery to improve biofunctionability of hydrogel scaffold. The other was Diels-alder click crosslinked hyaluronic acid hydrogel as matrix. pH dependent release behavior of nanoparticle component was confirmed by results. And, its bioactivity was verified by <i>in vitro</i> cell culture evaluation. In consideration of high-efficiency and effectiveness, low toxicity, controllability and reversibility, dynamic covalent and reversible Diels-alder click chemistry was used to design a HA hydrogel with two kinds of crosslinking points. The properties of hydrogel like gelation time and swelling ratio were influenced by pH value and polymer concentration. Composite hydrogel was formed by <i>in situ</i> polymerization, which exhibited acceptable mechanical property as a scaffold for biomedical field. Lastly, <i>in vitro</i> evaluation from results of viability, DNA content and cell morphology confirmed that hydrogels could maintain cell activity and support cell growth. Compared with pure hydrogel, composite hydrogel possessed better properties.
Peroxiredoxins in Plants and Cyanobacteria (2011)

Peroxiredoxins (Prx) are central elements of the antioxidant defense system and the dithiol-disulfide redox regulatory network of the plant and cyanobacterial cell. They employ a thiol-based catalytic mechanism to reduce H2O2, alkylhydroperoxide, and peroxinitrite. In plants and cyanobacteria, there exist 2-CysPrx, 1-CysPrx, PrxQ, and type II Prx. Higher plants typically contain at least one plastid 2-CysPrx, one nucleo-cytoplasmic 1-CysPrx, one chloroplast PrxQ, and one each of cytosolic, mitochondrial, and plastidic type II Prx. Cyanobacteria express variable sets of three or more Prxs. The catalytic cycle consists of three steps: (i) peroxidative reduction, (ii) resolving step, and (iii) regeneration using diverse electron donors such as thioredoxins, glutaredoxins, cyclophilins, glutathione, and ascorbic acid. Prx proteins undergo major conformational changes in dependence of their redox state. Thus, they not only modulate cellular reactive oxygen species- and reactive nitrogen species-dependent signaling, but depending on the Prx type they sense the redox state, transmit redox information to binding partners, and function as chaperone. They serve in context of photosynthesis and respiration, but also in metabolism and development of all tissues, for example, in nodules as well as during seed and fruit development. The article surveys the current literature and attempts a mostly comprehensive coverage of present day knowledge and concepts on Prx mechanism, regulation, and function and thus on the whole Prx systems in plants.
Hard-Object: Enforcing Object Interfaces Using Code- Range Data Protection (2009)

We show how to utilize code-range data protection to enforce the private access specifiers of Object Oriented classes at runtime. We exploit the fact that code and data are often organized into modules exporting specified interfaces, even in non-Object-Oriented languages. We enforce at runtime the integrity and simplistic privacy of the module: its state cannot be written nor read other than through its interface. We provide module integrity even to non-memory-safe languages such as C and C++, without requiring automatic memory management. This is not best-effort protection: when used properly, we comprehensively guarantee that one software module cannot violate the integrity of another. That is, we make software objects hard. &lt;p&gt; Our extensions are simple, modest, and provide the guarantee we claim. We give simulation measurements to show the performance overhead is low. We show how most software can be compiled to take advantage of these extensions with modest and partially automatable modification.
Rapid Generation of Thermal-Safe Test Schedules (2005)

Overheating has been acknowledged as a major issue in testing complex SoC. Several power constrained system-level DFT solutions (power constrained test scheduling) have recently been proposed to tackle this problem. However as is shown in this paper imposing a chip-level maximum power constraint does not necessarily avoid local overheating due to the nonuniform distribution of power across the chip. This paper proposes a new approach for dealing with overheating during test, by embedding thermal awareness into test scheduling. The proposed approach facilitates rapid generation of thermal-safe test schedules without requiring time-consuming thermal simulations. This is achieved by employing a low-complexity test session thermal model used to guide the test schedule generation algorithm. This approach reduces the chances of a design re-spin due to potential overheating during test.