gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phthalocyanine Research and Applications (2024)

The purpose of this monograph is to provide a summary for those who are active in the field of phthalocyanine research. This volume allows the reader to quickly-and at a reasonable cost-determine what is being accomplished so that he may plan his own research programs. It covers such topics as synthesis, reactions, inks, energy systems, coatings, toners, and electrophotographic plates and developers, just to name a few. Packed with over 40 structural drawings of phthalocyanine molecules, this one-of-a-kind reference provides the necessary description and visualization to stimulate further research. This work is an indispensable resource for researchers and practitioners, both novice and experienced, in the field of phthalocyanine science and technology.
Dissolution of slightly soluble drugs. IV. Effect of particle size of sulfonamides on in vitro dissolution rate and in vivo absorption rate, and their relation to solubility. (1978)

Within the Contextual Model of Learning framework, the authors conducted a study with electronic handheld guides at the Van Abbe Museum. The authors offered the general electronic tour using the ubiNext system for the duration of two weeks. This study investigated whether the use of multimedia content would increase the usage of the system compared to only visual content. In addition the authors were interested if the age of the visitors would influence the system's usage. The authors also investigated whether individual visitors use the system more compared to visitors who experience the museum in couples. More than half of the visitors only requested information for five or less objects independently of the visitor's age. Technical problems and usability issues might have caused many visitors to stop using ubiNext. Among those participants who heavily used the system, the display of multimedia content led to an increased usage compared to visual content only
Metallisierung und Kontakte (1996)

Die Metallisierung stellt den Kontakt zu den dotierten Gebieten der integrierten Schaltungselemente her und verbindet die einzelnen Komponenten eines Chips durch Leiterbahnen. Sie führt die Anschlüsse über die Leiterbahnen zum Rand des Chips und wird dort zu Kontaktflecken (“Pads”) aufgeweitet, die als Anschluß für die Verbindungsdrähte zwischen Chip und Gehäuse oder zum Aufsetzen von Meßsonden für die Parametererfassung auf ungesägten Scheiben dienen.
Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy: Shedding New Light on Nanostructured Catalysts with Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy (Small Methods 12/2018) (2018)

Positrons interact and ultimately annihilate in solids in very specific ways depending on their composition, atomic structure, and three-dimensional organization. In article 1800268, Sharon Mitchell, Paolo Crivelli, Javier Pérez-Ramírez, and co-workers review the principles and progress in the application of positron annihilation spectroscopy for the characterization of catalytic materials, highlighting the opportunity to derive insights into key properties such as the pore architecture, defect structures, and adsorption phenomena.
lncRNA expression profiles related to apoptosis and autophagy in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2020)

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are >200-bp molecules that do not generally code for proteins. Human lncRNAs have well-characterized roles in gene expression regulation, particularly with regard to protein-coding genes, and their dysregulation has been linked to disease. Here, we set out to investigate changes in the expression of lncRNAs related to apoptosis and autophagy in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In addition, we aimed to correlate lncRNA expression profiles with clinical indexes and self-perception of patients (SPP). To this end, we employed RNA sequencing of lncRNAs in PBMCs from three patients with RA and three healthy controls. We used bioinformatics to screen several dysregulated lncRNAs related to apoptosis and autophagy. To validate key lncRNA candidates, we performed quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR on 20 patients with RA and 20 healthy controls. We found the expression of seven lncRNAs (MAPKAPK5-AS1, ENST00000619282, C5orf17, LINC01189, LINC01006, DSCR9 and MIR22HG) was significantly altered in PBMCs of patients with RA. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis suggested that MIR22HG [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.846, P = 0.000], DSCR9 (AUC = 0.783, P = 0.005), LINC01189 (AUC = 0.677, P = 0.034), MAPKAPK5-AS1 (AUC = 0.644, P = 0.025) and ENST00000619282 (AUC = 0.636, P = 0.043) are potential biomarkers of RA. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed selected lncRNAs correlated with clinical indexes and SPP. Therefore, we highlight that some lncRNAs related to apoptosis and autophagy may serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring of RA progression, which also correlate with several clinical indexes and SPP.
Supplementary Table 3 from KAT6B Is a Tumor Suppressor Histone H3 Lysine 23 Acetyltransferase Undergoing Genomic Loss in Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 3. The twenty-eight HDAC inhibitors used in the study and their specificity&lt;/p&gt;
Randomized double blind placebo control studies, the "Gold Standard" in intervention based studies (2012)

Studies follow a hierarchy in terms of the quality of evidence that they can provide. Randomized double blind placebo control (RDBPC) studies are considered the gold standard of epidemiologic studies. And the same is discussed at length in this paper taking example of a real journal article employing this study design to answer the research question; Does once daily dose of Valacyclovir reduce the risk of transmission of genital herpes in a susceptible partner? RDBPC studies remain the most convincing research design in which randomly assigning the intervention can eliminate the influence of unknown or immeasurable confounding variables that may otherwise lead to biased and incorrect estimate of treatment effect. Also, randomization eliminates confounding by baseline variables and blinding eliminates confounding by co-interventions, thus eliminating the possibility that the observed effects of intervention are due to differential use of other treatments. The best comparison is placebo control that allows participants, investigators and study staff to be blinded. The advantage of trial over an observational study is the ability to demonstrate causality. Hope, this will be useful to neophyte researchers to understand causal hierarchy when critically evaluating epidemiologic literature.
Improvement of InGaN-GaN light-emitting diodes with surface-textured indium-tin-oxide transparent ohmic contacts (2003)

Presents a surface-textured indium-tin-oxide (ITO) transparent ohmic contact layer on p-GaN to increase the optical output of nitride-based light-emitting diodes (LED) without destroying the p-GaN. The surface-textured ITO layer was prepared by lithography and dry etching, and dimensions of the regular pattern were approximately 3 × 3 μm. The operating voltage of the surface-textured LED was almost the same as that of the typical planar LED since the ITO layer was in ohmic contact with the p-GaN. The experimental results indicate that the surface-textured ITO layer is suitable for fabricating high-brightness GaN-based light emitting devices.
The Synthesis of Indolo‐ and Pyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinolines. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
An Advanced Multifunctional Hydrogel‐Based Dressing for Wound Monitoring and Drug Delivery (2017)

Abstract Wound management is a major global challenge and poses a significant financial burden to the healthcare system due to the rapid growth of chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and aging population. The ability to detect pathogenic infections and release drug at the wound site is of the utmost importance to expedient patient care. Herein, this study presents an advanced multifunctional dressing (GelDerm) capable of colorimetric measurement of pH, an indicator of bacterial infection, and release of antibiotic agents at the wound site. This study demonstrates the ability of GelDerm to detect bacterial infections using in vitro and ex vivo tests with accuracies comparable to the commercially available systems. Wireless interfaces to digital image capture hardware such as smartphones serve as a means for quantitation and enable the patient to record the wound condition at home and relay the information to the healthcare personnel for following treatment strategies. Additionally, the dressing is integrated within commercially available patches and can be placed on the wound without chemical or physical irritation. This study demonstrates the ability of GelDerm to eradicate bacteria by the sustained release of antibiotics. The proposed technology holds great promise in managing chronic and acute injuries caused by trauma, surgery, or diabetes.
Comparisons between in-vitro and in-vivo metabolism of (S)-warfarin: catalytic activities of cDNA-expressed CYP2C9, its Leu359 variant and their mixture versus unbound clearance in patients with the corresponding CYP2C9 genotypes (1998)

To study whether an in-vitro model for three different genotypes of human CYP2C9*3 polymorphism would be useful for predicting the in-vivo kinetics of (S)-warfarin in patients with the corresponding genotypes, the intrinsic clearance (Cl(int) or Vmax/Km) for (S)-warfarin 7-hydroxylation obtained from recombinant human CYP2C9*1 [wild-type (wt)] and CYP2C9*3 (Leu359/Leu) expressed in yeast and the mixture of equal amounts of these were compared with the in-vivo unbound oral CI (CI(po,u)) of (S)-warfarin obtained from 47 Japanese cardiac patients with the corresponding CYP2C9 genotypes. The in-vitro study revealed that the recombinant CYP2C9*1 (wt/wt), 2C9*3 (Leu359/Leu) and their mixture (Ile359/Leu) possessed a mean Km of 2.6, 10.4 and 6.6 microM and Vmax of 280, 67 and 246 pmol/min/nmol P450, respectively. Thus, the mean in-vitro Cl(int) obtained from recombinant CYP2C9*3 (Leu359/Leu) and the mixture (Ile359/Leu) of 2C9*3 and 2C9*1 were 94% and 65% lower than that obtained from CYP2C9*1 (wt/wt) (6.7 versus 38 versus 108 ml/min/micromol P450, respectively). The in-vivo study showed that the median Cl(po,u) for (S)-warfarin obtained from patients with homozygous (Leu359/Leu, n = 1) and heterozygous (Ile359/Leu, n = 4) CYP2C9*3 mutations were reduced by 90% (62 ml/min) and 66% (212 ml/min, P < 0.05) compared with that obtained from those with homozygous 2C9*1 (625 ml/min, n = 42). Consequently, there was a significant correlation (r = 0.99, P < 0.05) between the in-vitro Cl(int) for (S)-warfarin 7-hydroxylation and the in-vivo Cl(po,u) for (S)-warfarin in relation to the CYP2C9*3 polymorphism. In conclusion, the in-vitro model for human CYP2C9*3 polymorphism using recombinant cytochrome P450 proteins would serve as a useful means for predicting changes in in-vivo kinetics for (S)-warfarin and possibly other CYP2C9 substrates in relation to CYP2C9*3 polymorphism.
Study on Solidification Behaviour, Solute Segregation and Fluid Flow in Continuously Cast Slab (1974)

Solidification behaviours in the continuously cast slabs of mild steel were determined by addition of radioactive gold and solute distribution in the slabs under various casting conditions was analysed, comparing with the solidification structures.From these experimental data, the flow velocity in the liquid pool and solute segregation in the center of the slabs were estimated mathematically, using the boundary layer theory and partial mixing model in liquid.The liquid flow along the shell is composed of the nozzle jet, the natural convection and the bulging flow, the amount of its velocity being 10-40 cm/sec, 1-2.5 cm/sec and2-4 cm/sec. The center segregation is mainly caused of solute redistribution during uni-directional solidification in columnar crystal region, which intensity is strongly dependent on the rate of solidification and the liquid flow, especially the bulging flow.To reduce the center segregation, increasing the equiaxed crystals and minimizing the bulging were effective, which are related to the amount of cooling water, casting speed, casting temperature, slab thickness and the machine arrangement.
Peroxynitrite and atherosclerosis (1993)

Conference Article| May 01 1993 Peroxynitrite and atherosclerosis Neil Hogg; Neil Hogg 1Wellcome Research Laboratories, Langley Court, Beckenham, Kent BR3 3BS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Victor M. Darley-Usmar; Victor M. Darley-Usmar * *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Annette Graham; Annette Graham 1Wellcome Research Laboratories, Langley Court, Beckenham, Kent BR3 3BS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Salvador Moncada Salvador Moncada 1Wellcome Research Laboratories, Langley Court, Beckenham, Kent BR3 3BS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1993) 21 (2): 358–362. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0210358 Article history Received: December 16 1992 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Neil Hogg, Victor M. Darley-Usmar, Annette Graham, Salvador Moncada; Peroxynitrite and atherosclerosis. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1993; 21 (2): 358–362. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0210358 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: DTPA, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, LDL, low-density lipoprotein, PBS, phosphate-buffered saline, REM, relative electrophoretic activity This content is only available as a PDF. © 1993 Biochemical Society1993 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Benchmarking of Data Communication Protocol for Integration of Telecontrol Interface with RTU (2015)

The outcome of this research work is focused on optimized the design of wireless link for an FPGA based RemoteTerminal Unit (RTU). A situation representing multiple RTUs communicating with one Telecontrol Interface (TCI) developed to address optimized implementation of wireless SCADA. It was then further verified by means of benchmarking. The hardware implementation and verification of this particular RTU design has been done using a starter kit based on XILINX Spartan-3 Series FPGA with 500K logic gates and MHX-2400 frequency hopping2.4 GHz spread-spectrum communications module which is used as Telecontrol Interface. The FPGA based RTU isflexible in terms of I/Os, CPU and radio related configurations and any expansion in design can be accommodated quickly if needed as FPGA based designs are reconfigurable. However, the integration of MHX-2400 had been examined and found suitable as Telecontrol Interface for this development.
Identification of a hypoxia-regulated miRNA signature in bladder cancer and a role for miR-145 in hypoxia-dependent apoptosis (2015)

We have demonstrated the hypoxic regulation of a number of miRNAs in bladder cancer. We have shown that miR-145 is a novel, robust and direct HIF target gene that in turn leads to increased cell death in NMI bladder cancer cell lines.
SeMNPV reactivation through stress factors in covertly infected Spodoptera exigua (2011)

Trabajo presentado en el 44th Annual Meeting of Society for Invertebrate Pathology, celebrado en Halifax (Nova Scotia, Canadá) del 7 al 11 de agosto de 2011.
Using the Normalized Image Log-Slope, part 4 (2001)

The slope or gradient of an image near the edge of a feature to be printed in photoresist is a good representation of the information contained in the image as to where the edge should be. A large slope gives a clear indication as to where the photoresist line edge belongs. In particular, the normalized image log-slope (NILS) and the latent image gradient were found to be good metrics for the aerial image and latent image respectively. The information contained in each image propagates through the lithography process, from the formation of an aerial image I(x), to the exposure of a photoresist by that image to form a latent image of chemical species m(x), to post-exposure bake where diffusion and possibly reactions create a new latent image m*(x), and finally to development where the latent image produces a development rate gradient R(x) that results in the definition of the feature edge. In the last edition of this column would looked at the transfer of information during exposure and how the resulting latent image gradient depends on the NILS. Continuing with the resist processing, post-exposure bake (PEB) will change this latent image, and thus change the latent image gradient. Diffusion during PEB will spread out the latent image, degrading the information present in the image and decreasing the gradient near the line edge. The change in the latent image gradient due to diffusion can be describe approximately by 2 2 2 2
Preclinical studies on synergistic effects of IL-1, IL-3, G-CSF and GM-CSF in cynomolgus monkeys (1990)

The regulation of blood cell formation is mediated by a group of polypeptides classified as hematopoietic growth and differentiation factors. Overlapping as well as distinct functions have been described for three of these cytokines: interleukin 3 (IL-3), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Furthermore, interleukin 1 (IL-1) has been shown to promote hematopoietic regeneration after cytoreductive drug treatment. Evidence has been provided by in vitro studies that combinations of these factors exert a highly synergistic action on the proliferation and differentiation of committed hematopoietic progenitor cells. Additionally, these findings have been supported by studies of in vivo blood cell formation in nonhuman primates. We report here that IL-3 acts synergistically with GM-CSF or G-CSF on myelocytic cell development only if an administration time of eight days of IL-3 is followed by GM-CSF or G-CSF. Short-time IL-3 application of two and four days only resulted in platelet production. The reverse administration schedule did not show synergistically enhanced stimulation of myelocytic cells. However, G-CSF treatment followed by IL-3 did induce a two-fold increase in platelet numbers. This would appear to confirm previously reported in vitro findings that G-CSF shortens the G0 period of human hematopoietic stem cells, which subsequently proliferate in the presence of IL-3. The effects of IL-3 on myelocytic and megakaryocytic development seems to be differently regulated. Whereas, IL-1 failed to display synergistic activity with GM-CSF or G-CSF is sequentially applied. Only simultaneous application either in combination with GM-CSF or with G-CSF demonstrated enhanced efficacy.
Targeting intracellularStaphylococcus aureusto lower recurrence of orthopaedic infection (2017)

Staphylococcus aureus is often found in orthopaedic infections and may be protected from commonly prescribed antibiotics by forming biofilms or growing intracellularly within osteoblasts. To investigate the effect of non-antibiotic compounds in conjunction with antibiotics to clear intracellular and biofilm forming S. aureus causing osteomyelitis. SAOS-2 osteoblast-like cell lines were infected with S. aureus BB1279. Antibiotics (vancomycin, VAN; and dicloxacillin, DICLOX), bacterial efflux pump inhibitors (piperine, PIP; carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone, CCCP), and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2) were evaluated individually and in combination to kill intracellular bacteria. We present direct evidence that after gentamicin killed extracellular planktonic bacteria and antibiotics had been stopped, seeding from the infected osteoblasts grew as biofilms. VAN was ineffective in treating the intracellular bacteria even at 10× MIC; however in presence of PIP or CCCP the intracellular S. aureus was significantly reduced. Bacterial efflux pump inhibitors (PIP and CCCP) were effective in enhancing permeability of antibiotics within the osteoblasts and facilitated killing of intracellular S. aureus. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) showed increased uptake of propidium iodide within osteoblasts in presence of PIP and CCCP. BMP-2 had no effect on growth of S. aureus either alone or in combination with antibiotics. Combined application of antibiotics and natural agents could help in the treatment of osteoblast infected intracellular bacteria and biofilms associated with osteomyelitis. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1086-1092, 2018.
Strategies to Improve Convolutional Neural Network Generalizability and Reference Standards for Glaucoma Detection From OCT Scans (2021)

Strategies for enhancing CNN generalizability and for choosing optimal RS should be standard practice for CNNs before their deployment for glaucoma detection.
Kinetics of Synthesis of Perfumery Grade p-tert-Butylcyclohexyl Acetate Over Ion Exchange Resin Catalyst (2003)

Esterification reactions are conventionally carried out by using homogeneous acids on industrial scale and only a few heterogeneous catalysts are reported. Esters represent an imperative class of aroma compounds. They often possess fruity odors and are widely used by the food and fragrance industries. In view of stringent environmental concern the use of heterogeneous catalysts is now heavily pursued. In order to develop environmentally benign process, the present work hinges on importance of Amberlyst-15 (an ion exchange resin) in the esterification of p-tert-butylcyclohexanol (PTBCH) with acetic acid to get p-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate (PTBCHA) including kinetics of the reaction. PTBCHA has a sweet, almost creamy-woody odour with a soft-floral undertone. PTBCHA is expensive and is widely used in perfumery industry. The effects of various parameters on rate of reaction were studied in detail and a model was developed for an intrinsically kinetically controlled reaction which is free from either intra-particle diffusion or external mass transfer resistance. The catalyst is reusable without loss of activity. Esterification of PTBCH was also carried with propionic acid, isobutyric acid, pentanoic acid and hexanoic acid to study the effect of chain length and also because of their commercial significance.
Efficacy Comparison of Trimetazidine with Therapeutic Alternatives in Stable Angina Pectoris: A Network Meta-Analysis (2011)

Trimetazidine efficacy was comparable to that of other non-heart-rate-lowering antianginal treatments in patients with stable angina pectoris.
Kinematics and Kinetics of the Lower Limbs of a Walking Shoe with a Plate Spring and Cushioning Elements in the Heel during Walking (2010)

The purposes of this study was to investigate the biomechanical influence of the walking shoe with a plate spring in the heel and interchangeable heel cushioning elements. Eighteen subjects walked in three conditions: 1) the walking shoes Type A-1 with a soft heel insert, 2) the Type A-2 shoe with a stiff heel insert, 3) a general walking shoe(Type B). Ground reaction forces, leg movements, leg muscle activity and ankle, knee and hip joint loading were measured and calculated during overground walking. During walking, the ankle is a few degrees more dorsiflexed during landing and the knee is slightly more flexed during takeoff with the Type A shoes. As a result of the changes in the walking movement, the ground reaction forces are applied more quickly and the peak magnitudes are higher. Muscle activity of the quadricep, hamstring and calf muscles decrease during the first 25% of the stance phase when walking in the Type A shoes. The resultant joint moments at the ankle, knee and hip joints decrease from 30-40% with the largest reductions occurring during landing.