gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The longitudinal association between glycaemic control and health-related quality of life following insulin therapy optimisation in type 2 diabetes patients. A prospective observational study in secondary care (2011)

An association between improvement in HbA(1c) by means of optimising insulin therapy and improvement in HRQoL in type 2 diabetes patients has been observed. A weak, yet significant longitudinal association was found between improved HbA(1c) and emotional well-being and diabetes symptom distress.
Radio-Frequency Bloch-Transistor Electrometer (2001)

A quantum electrometer is proposed which is based on charge modulation of the Josephson supercurrent in the Bloch transistor inserted in a superconducting ring. As this ring is inductively coupled to a high- Q resonance tank circuit, the variations of the charge on the transistor island are converted into variations of amplitude and phase of oscillations in the tank. These variations are amplified and then detected. At sufficiently low temperature of the tank the device sensitivity is determined by the energy resolution of the amplifier, that can be reduced down to the standard quantum limit of 1 / 2Planck's over 2pi. A "back-action-evading" scheme of subquantum limit measurements is proposed.
Role of ACE and PAI-1 Polymorphisms in the Development and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy (2015)

In the present study we determined the association of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene polymorphisms with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its sub-clinical classes in Pakistani type 2 diabetic patients. A total of 353 diabetic subjects including 160 DR and 193 diabetic non retinopathy (DNR) as well as 198 healthy controls were genotyped by allele specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for ACE Insertion/Deletion (ID) polymorphism, rs4646994 in intron 16 and PAI-1 4G/5G (deletion/insertion) polymorphism, rs1799768 in promoter region of the gene. To statistically assess the genotype-phenotype association, multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to the genotype data of DR, DNR and control individuals as well as the subtypes of DR. The ACE genotype ID was found to be significantly associated with DR (p = 0.009, odds ratio (OR) 1.870 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04-3.36]) and its sub-clinical class non-proliferative DR (NPDR) (p = 0.006, OR 2.250 [95% CI = 1.098-4.620]), while PAI polymorphism did not show any association with DR in the current cohort. In conclusion in Pakistani population the ACE ID polymorphism was observed to be significantly associated with DR and NPDR, but not with the severe form of the disease i.e. proliferative DR (PDR).
Oral Administration of Probiotics Inhibits Absorption of the Heavy Metal Cadmium by Protecting the Intestinal Barrier (2016)

The heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant that causes adverse health effects in humans and animals. For the general population, food and drinking water are the main sources of Cd exposure due to the biomagnification of Cd within the food chain; therefore, the intestinal tract is the first organ that is susceptible to Cd contamination. Moreover, Cd exposure causes the disruption of the intestinal barrier and further induces the amplification of Cd absorption. The present study confirms that, along with initial intestinal Cd sequestration, oral administration of probiotics can inhibit Cd absorption by protecting the intestinal barrier. A probiotic with both good Cd-binding and antioxidative capacities can be used as a daily supplement for the prevention of oral Cd exposure.
Participation of the nonreducing terminal β‐galactosyl residues of the neutral N‐linked carbohydrate chains of porcine zona pellucida glycoproteins in sperm–egg binding (2004)

The zona pellucida (ZP) surrounding the mammalian oocyte is composed of three glycoprotein components (ZPA, ZPB, and ZPC). Mammalian sperm bind to carbohydrate chains of a ZP glycoprotein in the initial phase of fertilization. Sperm-ligand carbohydrate chains have been characterized in mouse, cow, and pig. In pigs, triantennary/tetraantennary neutral complex-type chains from ZPB/ZPC mixture possess stronger sperm-binding activity than those of biantennary chains (Kudo et al., 1998: Eur J Biochem 252:492-499). Most of these oligosaccharides have beta-galactosyl residues at the nonreducing ends. This study used two in vitro competition assays to investigate the participation of the nonreducing terminal beta-galactosyl residues of the ligand active chains in porcine sperm binding. The removal of the nonreducing terminal beta-galactosyl residues from either the ligand active carbohydrate chains or endo-beta-galactosidase-digested glycoproteins significantly reduced their inhibition of sperm-egg binding, indicating that the beta-galactosyl residues at the nonreducing ends are involved in porcine sperm-egg binding. A correlation between the sperm-binding activity and in vitro fertilization rate is also presented.
FATORES CONDICIONANTES DA MORTALIDADE DOS PEQUENOS NEGÓCIOS EM UM TÍPICO MUNICÍPIO INTERIORANO BRASILEIRO. CONDITIONING FACTORS OF MORTALITY IN SMALL BUSINESS IN A TYPICAL AND SMALL CITY OF BRAZIL (2011)

The objective of this research is to present results of an investigation into the specific features of 32 productive enterprises that have not survived the years between 2000 and 2005 and the factors affecting the mortality of these companies. This group of companies represents 2.32% of total enterprises started in the period and 33.68% of all enterprises that failed. The results show a mortality rate far above the average of Brazil and Minas Gerais. Stood out as the most important factors for the closure of businesses the particular problems of members, lack of customers, the economic crisis and unfavorable business environment. However, the survey results indicate that these factors alone cannot be blamed for that death, as the keen competition and high taxes also showed high responses. It is hoped that the results of this
The role of migration in mutant evolution in fragmented populations (2021)

Abstract Mutant evolution in fragmented populations has been studied extensively in evolutionary biology. With an increased focus on evolutionary dynamics in medical research, quantification of mutant load in fragmented populations with varying levels of migration has become especially important. Examples of fragmented populations are hematopoietic stem cell niches in the bone marrow where cells can re-circulate between niches through the blood, or colonic crypts where movement of cells across different crypts is not thought to be common. Here we use a combination of experiments and theory to investigate the role of migration in mutant distribution. In the case of neutral mutants, the experiments confirmed that while the mean number of mutants is not influenced by migration, the probability distribution is, which manifested itself in a change in the skewedness of the distribution of the mutant numbers in the demes. In the case of disadvantageous mutants, we investigated the phenomenon of the increase in the expected number of mutants compared to that of the selection-mutation balance. In a single deme, this increase is observed when the deme size is lower than the critical size, N c . In a fragmented system that consists of connected demes with a probability of migration, the increase in mutant numbers above the selection-mutation balance can be maintained in small ( N &lt; N c ) demes as long as the migration rate is sufficiently small. The migration rate above which the mutants approach the selection-mutation balance decays exponentially with N/N c . These findings are relevant in the context of the complex and poorly understood processes that may lead to changes in the clonal composition in tissues and tumors.
Amino Acid Analysis in Radiocarbon Dating of Bone Collagen (1978)

Erroneous radiocarbon dates on bone collagen may result from impurities remaining after sample processing. Amino acid analysis and a determination of the nitrogen/carbon ratio can quickly test the purity of the extracted collagen to indicate if further purification is required. Collagen is separated from bone by dialysis in dilute HCl and in distilled water. The collagen is then converted to gelatin. The results indicate the presence of non-collagen organic materials in fossil and in modern bones. When these materials are indigenous to the bone and not contaminants, they do not affect the radiocarbon dates. The amino acid composition of "collagen" residue from some fossil bones indicates that the residue is not collagen. Radiocarbon dates on non-collagen material extracted from fossil bone should be interpreted with caution.
Lyapunov-based self-tuning of sliding surfaces — methodology and application to hydraulic valves (2016)

This publication discusses the topic of sliding mode control and its practical application to position control of a hydraulic directional valve. The main issue relies on the design of an adaptive sliding function, to achieve optimal closed loop performance. For this, a Lyapunov-based stability proof for a second order sliding mode controller is presented. To obtain adaption functionality, it is extended by considering the sliding function parameters. This achieves a stable adaption of the closed loop dynamics. Further, the advantages of nonlinear sliding functions in comparison to linear ones are discussed and an approach based on the idea of dynamical pole placement is extended by the newly introduced self-tuning process. To discuss the features of the proposed adaption law, the application of sliding mode control of a hydraulic valve is considered, where no prior parameter optimization is carried out before. The proposed adaption law achieves a high closed loop performance within a short period of time without any need of parameter optimization. Additionally it is shown, that the use of a nonlinear sliding function increases the closed loop performance, compared to a linear formulation.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Coordinated Phosphorus Trichloride, Phenylphosphonous Dichloride, 1‐Phenyl‐3,4‐dimethylphosphole and Mesitylphosphine in Osmium(II) Complexes. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Metabolism of ricinoleic acid into Î³-decalactone: Î²-oxidation and long chain acyl intermediates of ricinoleic acid in the genusSporidiobolussp. (2000)

In order to study differences in gamma-decalactone production in yeast, four species of Sporidiobolus were cultivated with 5% of methyl ricinoleate as the lactone substrate. In vivo studies showed different time courses of intermediates of ricinoleic acid breakdown between the four species. In vitro studies of the beta-oxidation system were conducted with crude cell extracts of Sporidiobolus spp. and with ricinoleyl-CoA (RCoA) as substrate. The beta-oxidation was detected by measuring acyl-CoA oxidase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activities, and acetyl-CoA production. The time courses of the CoA esters resulting from RCoA breakdown by crude extract of Sporidiobolus spp. permit the proposal of different metabolic models in the yeast. These models explained the differences observed during in vivo studies.
Spectroscopic Analysis of DC-Nitrogen Plasma Produced using Copper Electrodes (2021)

This study shows the effects of copper material electrode, applied voltage, and different pressure values on electrical discharge plasma. The purpose of the work is the application of the spectral analysis method to obtain accurate results of nitrogen plasma parameters. By using the optical emission spectroscopy (OES), many N2 molecular spectra peaks appeared in the range from 300 to 480 nm. Also, some additional peaks were recorded, corresponding to atomic and ionic lines for nitrogen, target material, and hydrogen, in all samples. The electron density (ne) was calculated from the measurement of Stark broadening effect, which was found to decrease with increasing pressure from 0.1 mbar to 0.8 mbar. The higher emission intensities occurred at 0.2 mbar working pressure and were reduced with higher pressure. The vibrational temperature (Tvib) for N2 increased from 0.17 to 0.33 eV with increasing the pressure from 0.15 mbar to 0.2 mbar, then decreased to 0.25 eV with increasing the pressure to 0.8 mbar. Other plasma parameters were studied, which are electron temperature (Te), plasma frequency of electron ( ), and Debye length (λD).
Non‐steroidal ecdysteroid agonists: Tools for the study of hormonal action (1995)

Abstract The first non‐steroidal ecdysteroid agonists are dibenzoyl hydrazines and are typified by the compounds designated RH‐5849 and RH‐5992. The discovery that these compounds mimic 20E in a variety of insect orders, and especially the Lepidoptera, generated great interest from the research and agricultural communities. Such compounds provide important new research tools for physiological, biochemical, and molecular studies. In addition, the potential for application to agricultural pests looks very promising, especially for RH‐5992 (tebufenozide). This review evaluates the evidence on the specificity of the ecdysteroid‐like actions of these materials and considers their application for research and pest management. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of Amerira.
Effect of Mechanical Loading on Osteogenesis of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Progenitors within Collagen Microspheres (2018)

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chemical Engineering (2007)

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive technique that has reached a mature state in routine medical investigations and clinical studies: Wholebody MRI scanners have become a common sight, and MRI is one of the standard diagnostic tools with ever-increasing capabilities and more flexible detection schemes permanently being developed.Likewise, the well-established spectroscopic performance of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) combined with imaging protocols bear enormous potential for the investigation of processes and reactions in a laboratory or facto-1282
Overview of non-destructive evaluation techniques for metal-based additive manufacturing (2019)

Three-dimensional printing/digital or additive manufacturing is an area that is taking off with considerable rapidity and magnitude. In the same time, non-destructive evaluation (NDE) is playing an important role in the acceptance of additively manufactured parts, in order to provide the required confidence in the quality of the part and its expected safety and performance while in service. This article represents a summary addressing the subject of applicable NDE techniques to detect manufacturing anomalies and service-induced flaws. The topic is relatively new, attracting much research attention and funding, while in the meantime manufacturing processes are continuously improving. The number of publications covering additive manufacturing is increasing exponentially, and everyday new articles, conferences, and workshops are bringing out new information.
Current-driven gyrotropic mode of a magnetic vortex as a nonisochronous auto-oscillator (2014)

It is shown that a stable gyrotropic motion of a vortex core in a vortex-state free layer of a magnetic nanopillar driven by a spin-polarized current can be quantitatively described in the framework of a standard model of a nonisochronous auto-oscillator. The nonisochronous parameters of a vortex auto-oscillator, determining its nonautonomous dynamics and synchronization properties, can be found from the experimentally measured linewidths of higher harmonics of the generated microwave signal. The presented results demonstrate that vortex spin-torque nano-oscillators, having low generation linewidth and relatively high output power, can be strongly nonisochronous, and, therefore, could be prospective candidates for mutual synchronization in large oscillator arrays. At the same time, the optimization of their working parameters can be done using the traditional auto-oscillator theory.
a promising bioactive compound from the Myrsinaceae family (2011)

This review focuses on recent data on the biological activities of embelin found in plants of the Myrsinaceae family. We describe the ability of this compound to and parasites. The contraceptive and pro
Crustal structure and rift flank uplift of the Adare Trough, Antarctica (2005)

The Adare Trough, located 100 km northeast of Cape Adare, Antarctica, represents the extinct third arm of a Tertiary spreading ridge between East and West Antarctica. It is characterized by pronounced asymmetric rift flanks elevated up to over 2 km above the trough's basement, accompanied by a large positive mantle Bouguer anomaly. On the basis of recently acquired seismic reflection and ship gravity data, we invert mantle Bouguer anomalies from the Adare Trough and obtain an unexpectedly large oceanic crustal thickness maximum of 9–10.5 km underneath the extinct ridge. A regional positive residual basement depth anomaly between 1 and 2.5 km in amplitude characterizes ocean crust from offshore Victoria Land to the Balleny Islands and north of Iselin Bank. The observations and models indicate that the mid/late Tertiary episode of slow spreading between East and West Antarctica was associated with a mantle thermal anomaly. The increasing crustal thickness toward the extinct ridge indicates that this thermal mantle anomaly may have increased in amplitude through time during the Adare spreading episode. This scenario is supported by a mantle convection model, which indicates the formation and strengthening of a major regional negative upper mantle density anomaly in the southwest Pacific in the last 50 million years. The total amount of post‐26 Ma extension associated with Adare Trough normal faulting was about 7.5 km, in anomalously thick oceanic crust with a lithospheric effective elastic thickness (EET) between 3.5 and 5 km. This corresponds to an age between 3 and 5 million years based on a thermal boundary layer model and supports a scenario in which the Adare Trough formed soon after spreading between East and West Antarctica ceased, confined to relatively weak lithosphere with anomalously thick oceanic crust. There is little evidence for major subsequent structural activity in the Adare trough area from the available seismic data, indicating that this part of the West Antarctic Rift system became largely inactive in the early Miocene, with the exception of minor structural reactivation which is visible in the seismic data as offsets up to end of the early Pliocene.
Mouse models of innate immunity methods and protocols (2013)

This second edition presents methods and protocols to aid readers in the design and execution of experiments used to define critical elements associated with innate immune system function. New and updated chapters detail protocols on in vitro and ex vivo studies in key cell types associated with innate immunity and with in vivo protocols used to study immune system function in the mouse. Additionally, chapters describe methods to evaluate innate immune function and new protocols associated with autism, cancer, microfluidics platforms, and CRISPR systems. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easy to use, Mouse Models of Innate Immunity: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition will serve the research community by providing expert advice and protocols that allow both experienced and novice investigators to successfully plan, implement, and assess disease processes associated with the innate immune system
Multi-Channel Blind System Identification for Noninvasive Cardiovascular Monitoring (2002)

A novel method for diagnostic monitoring of the cardiovascular system is presented, which combines peripheral measurements obtained continuously and non-invasively with a multi-channel blind system identification technique.
The Osteocyte: New Insights (2020)

Osteocytes are an ancient cell, appearing in fossilized skeletal remains of early fish and dinosaurs. Despite its relative high abundance, even in the context of nonskeletal cells, the osteocyte is perhaps among the least studied cells in all of vertebrate biology. Osteocytes are cells embedded in bone, able to modify their surrounding extracellular matrix via specialized molecular remodeling mechanisms that are independent of the bone forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Osteocytes communicate with osteoclasts and osteoblasts via distinct signaling molecules that include the RankL/OPG axis and the Sost/Dkk1/Wnt axis, among others. Osteocytes also extend their influence beyond the local bone environment by functioning as an endocrine cell that controls phosphate reabsorption in the kidney, insulin secretion in the pancreas, and skeletal muscle function. These cells are also finely tuned sensors of mechanical stimulation to coordinate with effector cells to adjust bone mass, size, and shape to conform to mechanical demands.
Detecting Deceptive Communication Through Computer-Mediated Technology: Applying Interpersonal Deception Theory to Texting Behavior (2013)

Interpersonal Deception Theory (IDT) argues that deception is an interpersonal action where people employ communication tactics to achieve various goals. Deception is a global concept; thus, much investigation has been conducted to determine the roots of such deceptive behavior. Through IDT, deception is categorized as a dynamic process where both the sender and receiver need to be engaged for deception to be successful. In extension of IDT, a study was conducted to determine the degree to which undergraduate students engage in deceptive behavior via text messaging. Through a survey design, undergraduate students' deceptive texting behaviors and deceptive detection traits were assessed. Results indicate that among undergraduate students, text messaging is an interpersonal form of communication that circumvents professionalism and power. Further, undergraduate students were much more likely to engage in deceptive texting with family and friends, but did so with significantly less frequency in the organizational setting.
ChemInform Abstract: A Remarkable Ene‐Like Reaction: Development and Synthetic Applications (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.