gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of weakly cationic alco-cryogels consisting of poly(alkylmethacrylates)-based sulfonated terpolymer network with tunable multiresponsive assembly (2020)

Cryogels with ion-, and solvent-responsiveness have been designed by cryogelation of 2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DEAEMA) as weakly cationic monomer, hydroxyethyl methacrylate as neutral comonomer and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid as anionic termonomer in ethanol-water mixture (50:50 v/v), which had been proved to offer a good miscibility of monomers. Influence of composition of terpolymer and polymerization temperature on the properties of terpolymer cryogels (Cgels) and hydrogels (Hgels) were evaluated by swelling kinetics, and response against rapid ionic strength change. Degree of swelling was extremely sensitive to salt concentration, cation/counterion type as well as the solvent type; acetone and monohydric alcohols with various hydrophobic alkyl groups; methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol. Swelling of terpolymer networks in the form of Cgel and Hgel decreased with increase in the size of ions present in swelling medium and followed the order of swelling behavior Cl− > Br− > I−. Terpolymer alcogels exhibited salting-out behavior in the presence of Cl− and Br− ions, while “salting-in” behavior was observed in KI solutions of high concentrations. Sensitivity sequence of terpolymer alcogels to mono- and di-valent cations with a common anion (SO42−) on swelling was Na⁺ > K⁺ > Mg2⁺> Zn2+. Variation of elastic moduli with swelling in salt solutions was investigated and for terpolymer hydrogels, possible contribution of ionic crosslinks to effective crosslinking density νe was discussed. Increasing Na2SO4 concentration up to 0.1 M induced a 2-fold increase in the elastic modulus of terpolymer alcogels. With attention to the polarity of solvent, terpolymer gels exhibited an irregular swelling profile with a change in composition of solvent, showing the so called cosolvency phenomena. After two successive cycles of swelling and shrinking promoted by the change of ionic strength of KCl solution, the terpolymer gels were stable and dynamic swelling process was reversible. Swelling data agree well with second-order kinetic model and with increasing amount of DEAEMA in terpolymer feed, diffusion mechanism changed from non-Fickian type to Fickian diffusion. In ionic environments, the salt-sensitivity and excellent water absorption/retention capability give this intelligentized terpolymer gels wide potential applications.
Study of a Time-Compression Technique for TV Transmission Using a Chirp Filter and Envelope Detection (1981)

We study a time-compression (or expansion) technique for possible application in communication signal processing, e.g., broadcast-quality TV transmission through satellites. The method uses a linear chirp, a linear dispersive filter realized by surface acoustic wave devices and an envelope detector. This technique is heuristic and can be viewed as a quasistationary model of the FM wave involved. Numerical results show that excessive distortion is created, and its application to TV transmission is not suitable unless some kind of equalization is provided. One such form of equalization is the chirp transform processor which involves considerably more complexity. Simpler equalizations may be possible but do not seem to be straightforward.
19F NMR Fingerprints: Identification of Neutral Organic Compounds in a Molecular Container (2014)

Improved methods for quickly identifying neutral organic compounds and differentiation of analytes with similar chemical structures are widely needed. We report a new approach to effectively "fingerprint" neutral organic molecules by using (19)F NMR and molecular containers. The encapsulation of analytes induces characteristic up- or downfield shifts of (19)F resonances that can be used as multidimensional parameters to fingerprint each analyte. The strategy can be achieved either with an array of fluorinated receptors or by incorporating multiple nonequivalent fluorine atoms in a single receptor. Spatial proximity of the analyte to the (19)F is important to induce the most pronounced NMR shifts and is crucial in the differentiation of analytes with similar structures. This new scheme allows for the precise and simultaneous identification of multiple analytes in a complex mixture.
Linear quadratic games with costly measurements (2017)

In this work we consider a stochastic linear quadratic two-player game. The state measurements are observed through a switched noiseless communication link. Each player incurs a finite cost every time the link is established to get measurements. Along with the usual control action, each player is equipped with a switching action to control the communication link. The measurements help to improve the estimate and hence reduce the quadratic cost, but at the same time the cost is increased due to switching. We study the subgame perfect equilibrium control and switching strategies for the players. We show that the problem can be solved in a two-step process by solving two dynamic programming problems. The first step corresponds to solving a dynamic programming for the control strategy and the second step involves solving another dynamic programming for the switching strategy.
Clinical and Histological Features of Prosthetic Joint Infections May Differ in Patients With Inflammatory Arthritis and Osteoarthritis (2023)

<i>Background:</i> Patients with inflammatory arthritis are at increased risk of prosthetic joint infections (PJIs), but diagnosis in these patients can be challenging because active inflammatory arthritis produces elevated inflammatory markers that may mimic those seen in PJI. <i>Purpose</i>: In this pilot study, we sought to identify the clinical, microbiologic, and histopathologic features of culture-positive and culture-negative PJI in patients with inflammatory arthritis who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We also sought to obtain preliminary data to support a definitive study of optimal methods for PJI diagnosis in patients with inflammatory arthritis. <i>Methods</i>: We performed a retrospective analysis of TKA and THA patients treated for PJI from 2009 to 2018 at a single tertiary care orthopedic institution. Data were extracted from a longitudinally maintained hospital infection database. We reviewed hematoxylin and eosin slides of osteoarthritis and inflammatory arthritis PJI cases matched 3:1, respectively, by age, sex, and culture status. Clinical characteristics were evaluated using the Fisher exact test, χ<sup>2</sup> test, Student <i>t</i> test, and Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test where appropriate. <i>Results</i>: A total of 807 PJI cases were identified (36 inflammatory arthritis and 771 osteoarthritis cases). Patients with inflammatory arthritis presented younger, had a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index, more frequently used glucocorticoids, were more likely women, and had a higher proportion of culture-negative PJI compared with osteoarthritis patients. Of the 88 inflammatory arthritis cases reviewed for histopathology, a higher proportion of culture-positive than culture-negative PJI cases had >10 polymorphonuclear leucocytes per high-power field and met Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria but presented with less chronic inflammation. <i>Conclusions</i>: This retrospective prognostic study suggests that culture-negative PJI may be more frequent in patients with inflammatory arthritis than in those with osteoarthritis. Chronic infections, antibiotic use, or misdiagnosis may be contributing factors to unclear PJI diagnoses among culture-negative cases. This preliminary work supports the need for further studies to assess the differences in clinical features between culture-negative and culture-positive PJI in patients with inflammatory arthritis and the ability of biological diagnostic markers to discriminate between them in this population.
Effect of ion implantation dose on the interdiffusion of GaAs-AlGaAs interfaces (1990)

Experimental results of enhanced interdiffusion of GaAs-AlGaAs interfaces are reported. These are obtained by implanting Ar ions at doses ranging from 2×1013 to 5×1014 cm−2 into heterostructure samples followed by rapid thermal annealing at 950 °C for 30 s. The degree of intermixing decreases from the surface up to the projected ion range and is a function of the implantation dose. It is postulated that this variation results from the coalescence of some of the excess vacancies into extended defects, which are then unavailable to assist in the enhanced interdiffusion process. By assuming that the concentration of mobile vacancies at any depth is proportional to the ion’s electronic energy loss and inversely proportional to the ion’s nuclear energy loss, the calculated intermixing results are shown to be in good agreement with the experimental data.
Diverse multi-keyword ranked search over encrypted cloud data supporting range query (2015)

With the development of cloud computing over encrypted outsourced data, textual multi-keyword search schemes over encrypted data have been proposed. In fact, with various types of data available, keyword searches can not only be texts but also any other digital information, such as location, time, and price, etc. Currently, diverse search, which combines textual and digital keywords, has been studied over plaintext, i.e., unencrypted cloud data. However, it is challenging to develop a diverse search over encrypted cloud data. To address this issue, in the paper, we leverage the k-nearest neighbor (kNN) technique to design a diverse multi-keyword ranked search scheme over encrypted cloud data. Specifically, we put the digital keywords and textual keywords together in one index and use only one set of keys to encrypt the combined index. Security analysis indicates that our proposed scheme can achieve textual keyword privacy, digital keyword privacy and trapdoor unlinkability. Functionality analysis shows that our proposed scheme can achieve textual keyword search, coordinate matching, digital keyword search and range query. Performance evaluation demonstrates that our proposed scheme is efficient in terms of index construction, trapdoor generation and query.
<title>Perceptual basis of stereoscopic video</title> (1999)

We reviewed studies of viewers' reactions to stereoscopic image sequences. The dimensions considered were perceived image quality, sharpness, depth and naturalness. Stereoscopic displays produced a reliable and consistent increase in the perceived depth of image sequences. By comparison, improvements on other dimensions were not as robust. The key conclusion is that viewers' responses to stereoscopic image sequences vary along a number of independent dimensions. Overall preference for stereoscopic images will occur only if the enhanced depth perceived in a stereoscopic image sequence is not accompanied by distortions created by excessive disparity, ghosting/crosstalk, or conflicts between monoscopic and stereoscopic depth information.
Direct NMR measurements of theF19-Mn transferred hyperfine interaction in Mn: PbF2 (1981)

The $^{19}\mathrm{F}$-Mn transferred hyperfine interaction $\stackrel{\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}}{A}$ in Mn: Pb${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ has been determined by direct observation of the NMR of $^{19}\mathrm{F}$ nuclei nearest neighbor to the ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{2+}$ impurity. The angular dependence of the NMR of three inequivalent sites was studied for applied fields in the (110) plane and was fitted with the values ${A}_{s}=33.82$ MHz and ${A}_{p}=7.82$ MHz. The NMR was unobservable for $T&gt;2$ K, suggesting rapid electronic spin relaxation. For $T&lt;1.5$ K, NMR was observed in the eigenstates of the ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{2+}$ with ${S}_{z}=\frac{5}{2} \mathrm{and} \frac{3}{2}$; the linewidth $\ensuremath{\Delta}H$ became temperature independent and probably inhomogeneously broadened, with a pronounced angular variation.
The crystal and molecular structure of anhydrous diacetylhydrazine (–NHCOCH3)2 (1960)

The crystal of anhydrous diacetylhydrazine is of the symmetry D~-Ccma having four molecules in a unit cell with the dimensions a = 18-30, b = 6"51 and c = 4.79 A. The crystal and molecular structure have been determined to a high degree of accuracy by the three-dimensional Fourier and leastsquares methods. The positions of hydrogen atoms have also been determined. The molecule with a centre of symmetry is planar and lies in the (010) plane except two of the three hydrogen atoms in the methyl group. The N-N bond distance (1.396 /~) is slightly shorter than the average single bond distance and close to that of diformylhydrazine. The C-C bond (1.504 A) is slightly but significantly shorter than the normal C-C single bond, showing influence of the hyperconjugation. According to a nuclear magnetic resonance experiment, it is found that the methyl groups are rotating about the C-C axis at room temperature. The difference map shows, however, clearly the peaks of hydrogen atoms of the methyl group as well as of the amide group. The N-(2 and (2-0 bond lengths are 1.341 and 1.221 A, respectively. The molecules are linked by the N-H-.. O hydrogen bonds (2.877 /~) extended in the c-axis direction, forming molecular belts parallel to the (010) plane. As for the hydrogen bond, the angle N O-C is 168.5 . The thermal motion of the molecule may be described by the superposition of the libration about the centre of symmetry and the translational vibration, the ellipsoid of which has its principal axes in the directions of the crystallographic axes. The thermal expansion coefficients have also been measured between -150 and 30 C. by the X-ray method, the average linear expansion coefficients being fla =4"9 10 -5, fib =2"0 10 -a, flc=3"5 10 -5 deg. -1.
Lateral Ligament Repair and Reconstruction Restore Neither Contact Mechanics of the Ankle Joint nor Motion Patterns of the Hindfoot (2010)

No lateral ankle ligament reconstruction completely restored native contact mechanics of the ankle joint and hindfoot motion patterns.
Identification of Essential Residues for the Catalytic Function of 85-kDa Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 (1996)

Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) hydrolyzes the sn-2-acyl ester bond of phospholipids and shows a preference for arachidonic acid-containing substrates. We found previously that Ser-228 is essential for enzyme activity and is likely to function as a nucleophile in the catalytic center of the enzyme (Sharp, J. D., White, D. L., Chiou, X. G., Goodson, T., Gamboa, G. C., McClure, D., Burgett, S., Hoskins, J., Skatrud, P. L., Sportsman, J. R., Becker, G. W., Kang, L. H., Roberts, E. F., and Kramer, R. M.(1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 14850-14853). cPLA2 contains a catalytic aspartic acid motif common to the subtilisin family of serine proteases. Substitution within this motif of Ala for Asp-549 completely inactivated the enzyme, and substitutions with either glutamic acid or asparagine reduced activity 2000- and 300-fold, respectively. Additionally, using mutants with cysteine replaced by alanine, we found that Cys-331 is responsible for the enzyme's sensitivity to N-ethylmaleimide. Surprisingly, substituting alanine for any of the 19 histidines did not produce inactive enzyme, demonstrating that a classical serine-histidine-aspartate mechanism does not operate in this hydrolase. We found that substituting alanine or histidine for Arg-200 did produce inactive enzyme, while substituting lysine reduced activity 200-fold. Results obtained with the lysine mutant (R200K) and a coumarin ester substrate suggest no specific interaction between Arg-200 and the phosphoryl group of the phospholipid substrate. Arg-200, Ser-228, and Asp-549 are conserved in cPLA2 from six species and also in four nonmammalian phospholipase B enzymes. Our results, supported by circular dichroism, provide evidence that Asp-549 and Arg-200 are critical to the enzyme's function and suggest that the cPLA2 catalytic center is novel.
An evaluation of pharmacist contribution to an oncology ward in a Swedish hospital (2006)

A pharmacist can improve drug use in an oncology ward as a member of the health-care team. The pharmacist contributes with a systematic focus on the patient from a drug perspective.
Thionyl Chloride-Benzotriazole in Methylene Chloride: A Convenient Solution for Conversion of Alcohols and Carboxylic Acids Expeditiously into Alkyl Chlorides and Acid Chlorides by Simple Titration (1999)

A solution of 1 : 1 equivalent of thionyl chloride and benzotriazole in dry methylene chloride efficiently transforms alcohols and carboxylic acids into the corresponding alkyl chlorides and acid chlorides respectively at room temperature, with excellent yields by simple titration.
Migraine and autonomic nervous system function (2002)

Migraineurs with disabling attacks may be prone to ANS hypofunction. These findings may suggest that ANS dysfunction either may be a risk factor for migraine headaches or be a consequence of frequent disabling attacks. Moreover, ANS dysfunction and migraine may share a common neural substrate.
Based on Time Sequence of ARIMA Model in the Application of Short-Term Electricity Load Forecasting (2009)

Short-term electricity load is effected by various factors, It has the certain difficulty to make prediction accurate, but we can improve prediction precise by continuously optimizing forecasting methods. This paper carried out the combination of ARIMA several methods based on the idea of time sequence, to avoid deficiencies in various aspects, perfect forecasting methods, make ARIMA model can conduct electricity short-term load forecasting better.
Predictive markers for response to interferon therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis (2008)

Findings indicate that measurements of both myxovirus-resistance-protein A (MxA) and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) predict the risk of new relapses; however, the slightly stronger prognostic significance of MxA mRNA and the easier method for it measurement make MxA mRNA the preferred biomarker for monitoring interferon beta (IFN beta)-treated patients. This information can be used to better tailor treatment to the individual patient with MS.
Large Elastic Deformation Theories and Unstable Deformations of Rubber Structures: Thick Tubes (1977)

A variety of quantitative theories for the large elastic deformations of rubbers have been proposed. Most useful for applications in engineering, for example, because they most readily lead to the presentation of computed results in dimensionless form, are those which involve one elastic constant only (such as Young's modulus) in addition to Poisson's ratio (0.5 for incompressible rubbers). Two such theories (referred to as the Neo-Hookean and the Varga, Dickie-Smith elasticities) are considered here and applied to the analysis of large deformations of thick cylindrical rubber tubes. Predictions are compared to experimental results. The deformations considered are basically divided into two types: 1) longitudinal extension under constant inside pressure in which the tube is longitudinally extended by applying a variable longitudinal force while a constant pressure is maintained inside; 2) inflation under constant longitudinal force in which the tube is inflated by applying a variable pressure while a constant longitudinal force is exerted. Simple extension is a special case of type 1 when the constant pressure is zero and simple inflation is a special case of type 2 when the constant longitudinal force is zero.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. VON ACETYLENEN DURCH HOFMANN‐ELIMINIERUNG QUATERNAERER ENAMINE (1973)

Abstract Aus Desoxybenzoin (I) und den Aminen (II) erhält man die Enamine (III), die mit Fluorsulfonsäure‐methylester zu den Ammoniumverbindungen (V) quaternisiert werden.
Sports and leisure‐time physical activity in pregnancy and birth weight: a population‐based study (2010)

We examined the association between sports and other leisure-time physical activities during pregnancy and birth weight of babies born after 37 completed weeks of gestation. All Danish-speaking pregnant women attending routine antenatal care at the Department of Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark, from August 1989 to September 1991 were invited to participate in the study. A total of 4458 healthy women who delivered after 37 completed gestational weeks participated in this study. The associations between sports (0, 1-2, 3+ h/week) or leisure-time physical activity (sedentary, light, and moderate to heavy) and birth weight were examined by linear and logistic regression and adjusted for potential confounding factors such as smoking, parity, schooling, pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational age. The results showed that pregnant women who practiced sports or were moderate to heavy leisure-time physical active during the early second or the early third trimester gave birth to infants with a similar birth weight as inactive women. The proportion of newborns with a low (<2500 g) or a high birth weight (>/=4500 g) was also unchanged. In conclusion, in this large population-based study, we found no association between sports and leisure-time physical activity and low-birth weight, high-birth weight, or average-birth weight.
Co-translational Incorporation ofTrans-4-Hydroxyproline into Recombinant Proteins in Bacteria (2002)

Trans-4-hydroxyproline (Hyp) in eukaryotic proteins arises from post-translational modification of proline residues. Because the modification enzyme is not present in prokaryotes, no natural means exists to incorporate Hyp into proteins synthesized in Escherichia coli. We show here that under appropriate culture conditions Hyp is incorporated co-translationally directly at proline codons in genes expressed in E. coli. The use of Hyp by E. coli protein synthesis machinery under typical culture conditions is not adequate to support protein synthesis; however, intracellular concentrations of Hyp sufficient to compensate for the poor use are achieved in media with hyperosmotic sodium chloride concentrations. Hyp incorporation was demonstrated in several recombinant proteins including human Type I collagen polypeptides. A fragment of the human collagen Type I (alpha1) polypeptide with global Hyp for Pro substitution forms a triple helix. Our results demonstrate a remarkable pliancy in the biosynthetic apparatus of bacteria that may be used more generally to incorporate novel amino acids into recombinant proteins.
Etudes et améliorations des systèmes fourragers en province Nord de Nouvelle Calédonie. II. Protocoles et premiers résultats présentés par la DDRP (Direction Provinciale du Développement Rural et de la Pêche) le 09 novembre 1995 et le 24 avril 1996 (1996)

Les premiers résultats des suivis et améliorations du système fourrager sont présentés. Ils concernent les caractéristiques des pâturages, les pratiques de gestion et le suivi du disponible fourrager. Les résultats des essais variétaux, de l'implantation et la gestion de pâturages améliorés, et de la lutte contre l'herbe de Bondée sont également présentés