gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermal unfolding of yeast glycine transfer RNA (1976)

In the present investigations the molecular unfolding of yeast tRNA(Gly) has been studied by a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, melting techniques, and relaxation kinetics. From these studies the following pathway of unfolding was found. In a coupled melting transition the tertiary, the DHU, and the anticodon structure are disrupted. This is followed by the melting of the acceptor arm, while the T psi C arm, which only contains G-C pairs, melts out last. Interestingly, during the first melting transition a new structure not belonging to the original cloverleaf structure is formed. The thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of the melting transitions were determined and are discussed in relation to earlier work. The present nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments as well as earlier studies show that the ring current calculations based on the cloverleaf structure provide a good first-order interpretation of the NMR spectra of tRNA.
Approaches to Alkaline Earth Metal−Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition Precursors. Synthesis and Characterization of Barium Fluoro-β-ketoiminate Complexes Having Appended Polyether “Lariats” (1998)

The synthesis and characterization of a family of beta-ketoimines derived from 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedione (hfa) and the corresponding volatile barium beta-ketoiminate-polyether complexes having the general formula Ba[CF(3)COCHC(NR)CF(3)](2) where R = (CH(2)CH(2)O)(2)CH(3), (CH(2)CH(2)O)(2)CH(2)CH(3), and (CH(2)CH(2)O)(3)CH(2)CH(3) is reported. These complexes can be transported in the vapor phase at 160 degrees C/0.05 Torr without decomposition. The beta-ketoiminate ligands are synthesized by condensation of the appropriate amine-terminated poly(ethylene oxide)s with the trimethylsilyl enol ether derivative of hfa and converted to barium beta-ketoiminate-polyether complexes by reaction with BaH(2). The poly(ethylene oxide) amines are in turn synthesized by triphenylphosphine-mediated reduction of the corresponding poly(ethylene oxide) azides (synthesized via the tosylates) to afford the amines in good yields and analytical purity. The amines, beta-ketoimines, and barium complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, (1)H, (19)F, and (13)C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The eight- and ten-coordinate Ba(2+) complexes having the formula Ba[CF(3)COCHC(NR)CF(3)](2) where R = (CH(2)CH(2)O)(2)CH(2)CH(3) [C(22)H(28)N(2)F(12)O(6)Ba; space group = monoclinic, P2(1); a = 12.1175(2) Å, b = 14.9238(2) Å, c = 16.9767(3) Å, alpha = gamma = 90 degrees, beta = 90.0840(10) degrees, Z = 4] and R = (CH(2)CH(2)O)(3)CH(2)CH(3) [C(26)H(36)N(2)F(12)O(8)Ba; space group = triclinic, P&onemacr; (#2); a = 10.971(2) Å, b = 12.134(2) Å, c = 15.280(4) Å, alpha = 89.94(2) degrees, beta = 110.00(2) degrees, gamma = 116.75(2) degrees, Z = 2] were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Both analyses reveal monomeric structures with the beta-ketoiminate ligands coordinated to the Ba(2+) center through all available oxygen and nitrogen atoms. These complexes are substantially more volatile than Ba(2,2,6,6,-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate)(2) but less so than the most volatile Ba(1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedionate)(2).polyether complexes.
A generic bandwidth allocation scheme for multimedia substreams in adaptive networks using genetic algorithms (2003)

In this paper we propose a generic call admission control scheme based on genetic algorithms. The scheme is applied to a wireless network using an adaptive resource allocation framework. A multimedia connection is represented in terms of three substreams (video, audio and data) each with a pre-specified range of acceptable quality of service (QoS) requirements. This range of requirements make the application adaptive in the sense that each of its substreams specify to the network a number of acceptable QoS levels instead of just a single one. For example, MPEG-based video can be transmitted at different levels of varying qualities. As resource availability in the wireless network changes, the control scheme selects the best possible QoS level that each substream can obtain for a certain period of time. In case of congestion, the control scheme attempts to free up some wireless resources by degrading the QoS of existing calls to a lesser level in order to accommodate new calls. This is done, however, under the constraint of achieving maximum utilization of the resources; and sharing them fairly among the calls. The degradation in the QoS is limited to a minimum value for each multimedia substream defined in a user-defined profile. From the user perspective, the perception of the QoS degradation is very graceful and happens only during over-load periods. The network services, on the other hand, are greatly enhanced due to the fact that the call blocking probability is significantly decreased. Genetic algorithms have been used to solve the optimization problem. Simulation results for a wireless ATM network demonstrate that the proposed scheme performs well in terms of increasing the number of calls admitted while effectively utilizing the available bandwidth fairly among the calls.
The cost-effectiveness of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis in HIV-infected children in Zambia (2008)

Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis in HIV-infected children is an inexpensive low technology intervention that is highly cost-effective in Zambia, strongly supporting the adoption of WHO guidelines into essential healthcare packages in low-income countries.
Monitoring System for Airborne Molecular Contamination (AMC) in Semiconductor Manufacturing Areas and Micro-Environments (2009)

As a result of shrinking dimensions and technology nodes, nanoelectronics manufacturing and handling processes demand growing requirements to the cleanliness of the air inside cleanrooms and microenvironments. Besides the limitation of particle contamination, the limitation of airborne molecular contamination (AMC) is necessary to ensure yield and quality of nanoelectronics production lines.
Hormonal Regulation of Male Reproductive Tract Development (2005)

We have employed gene knockout technology in mice to probe gene function in various stages of mouse male sexual differentiation. Insulin-like factor (Insl3) is prominently expressed in Leydig cells. Mutation of this gene leads to fully penetrant cryptorchidism. Single mutation in each of the three known insulin family receptor tyrosine kinases alone has limited effects on sexual differentiation; however, compound mutations result in formation of ovotestes, and triple mutations cause male-to-female sexual reversal. The implications of our mouse models are discussed.
Distributed consensus with link failures as a structured stochastic uncertainty problem (2008)

We consider the standard distributed average consensus algorithm under the conditions of random communication link failures, for which we analyze convergence of nodes to average consensus in the mean square sense. We first recast this problem as a discrete-time linear system with multiplicative random coefficients. We then rewrite the system equations as a nominal system in feedback with diagonally structured time-varying stochastic uncertainty; a problem for which necessary and sufficient mean square stability conditions have recently been derived. We investigate the particular instance of these conditions in the case of networked consensus with random link failures. In particular, we show that for circulant graphs, mean square convergence is guaranteed for any probability of link failure other than 1. We anticipate our particular analysis techniques to be applicable to the robust performance problem as well.
The effect of vaccination against Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) on the Porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2) load in porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD) affected pigs. (2009)

A diagnostic project was initiated across the United States in 2006 to improve the understanding of porcine circovirus associated diseases (PCVAD) as well as to identify co-factors in PCVAD-affected farms. A Porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2) DNA real-time polymerase chain reaction quantitation (qPCR) was established according to a published method and sera from a total of 23pig farms across the United States were examined for viral loads for PCV-2 and analyzed for any possible effects of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccination on this parameter. Vaccination against PRRS resulted in significantly lower viral loads for PCV-2 in animals 13 wk or older compared with nonvaccinated animals, but vaccination of pigs against PRRS had no effect on qPCR results for PCV-2 in 4- to 12-week-old pigs. Interestingly, PRRS vaccinates had significantly lower viral loads when peak wasting disease was observed in the herds. The qPCR method for PCV-2 proved to be an important tool for help in the antemortem diagnosis of PCVAD as well as in the monitoring of infection dynamics.
A new form of liquid matter: quantum droplets (2020)

This brief review summarizes recent theoretical and experimental results which predict and establish the existence of quantum droplets (QDs), i.e., robust two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) self-trapped states in Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs), which are stabilized by effective selffirepulsion induced by quantum fluctuations around the mean-field (MF) states [alias the Lee-Huang--Yang (LHY) effect]. The basic models are presented, taking special care of the dimension crossover, 2D -&gt; 3D. Recently reported experimental results, which exhibit stable 3D and quasi-2D QDs in binary BECs, with the inter-component attraction slightly exceeding the MF self-repulsion in each component, and in single-component condensates of atoms carrying permanent magnetic moments, are presented in some detail. The summary of theoretical results is focused, chiefly, on 3D and quasi-2D QDs with embedded vorticity, as the possibility to stabilize such states is a remarkable prediction. Stable vortex states are presented both for QDs in free space, and for singular but physically relevant 2D modes pulled to the center by the inverse-square potential, with the quantum collapse suppressed by the LHY effect.
Performance of a thick silicon polarimeter (2005)

We have constructed and tested gamma-ray polarimeters from layers of 2 mm thick double-sided silicon strip detectors. The first test polarimeter consists of 2 layers of 64times64 strip detectors with a 0.891 mm strip pitch. The device was tested using 122 keV gamma-rays polarized by Compton scattering near 90deg in a 30times5 strip silicon detector. Data from a higher-energy experiment using gamma-rays from a <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">60</sup> Co source scattered by a 3.5 cm times 5 cm times 1 cm lead block and a single 64times64 strip Si detector was taken to test higher-energy polarimetry and allow direct background measurement. A detailed GEANT4 simulation for the low-energy polarimeter experiment has also been performed.
Multiple primary malignancies in patients with cutaneous melanoma (1977)

Two hundred and ninety five Caucasian patients with histologically confirmed primary cutaneous malignant melanoma were evaluated. Twenty-three primary non-melanocytic, non-cutaneous malignant tumors occurred in 22 patients with a single primary cutaneous malignant melanoma for a prevalence of 8.2% (23/281). The observed number of non-melanocytic, non-cutaneous malignant neoplasms did not differ significantly from the expected number calculated on the basis of patient years at risk. Melanoma patients with primary non-melanocytic, non-cutaneous tumors were significantly older at the time of diagnosis of their melanoma than patients with melanoma alone. In addition, patients with multiple primary tumors were at risk a significantly longer period of time. With the possible exception of breast cancer, the association of cutaneous melanoma and additional non-melanocytic, non-cutaneous malignancies appears to be a random event. Nine additional primary cutaneous malignant melanomas were confirmed in eight melanoma patients for a prevalence of 3.4% (9/267). The observed number of additional primary melanomas was significantly greater than the expected number calculated on the basis of patient years at risk. Patients with multiple primary melanomas were not at risk significantly longer than patients with only one melanoma. It is likely that the development of additional primary melanomas in patients with an initial melanoma is not simply a random event, but represents a greater susceptibility of these patients' melanocytes to malignant transformation.
BIOTIN. X. SYNTHESIS OF dl-2-KETO-4-METHYL-2,3,4,6-TETRAHYDRO-1-THIENO[3,4]IMIDAZOLE (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBIOTIN. X. SYNTHESIS OF dl-2-KETO-4-METHYL-2,3,4,6-TETRAHYDRO-1-THIENO[3,4]IMIDAZOLEGEORGE BOSWORTH BROWN, S. R. SAFIR, B. R. BAKER, SEYMOUR BERNSTEIN, and LOUIS DORFMANCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1947, 12, 3, 483–485Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1947https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01167a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views83Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (213 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Screw Dislocations Decorated by Disclinations of C-Directors Observed in Thin Ferroelectric Smectic Liquid Crystal Cells (1984)

Characteristic defect lines, frequently observed in surface stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal cells, are studied. They typically consist of thin lines perpendicular to the smectic layers and rather thick lines connecting them at their alternate ends. The neighboring parallel thin lines appear different from each other. The alternate appearance interchanges by reversal of the C -director field. The thin and thick lines are assigned to the screw and edge dislocations decorated with the singularity of C -directors. The difference in appearance of the thin lines is attributed to the relation of handedness between the screw dislocations and the s =+1 disclinations.
Development of novel isatin–nicotinohydrazide hybrids with potent activity against susceptible/resistantMycobacterium tuberculosisand bronchitis causing–bacteria (2021)

Joining the global fight against Tuberculosis, the world's most deadly infectious disease, herein we present the design and synthesis of novel isatin-nicotinohydrazide hybrids (<b>5a-m</b> and <b>9a-c</b>) as promising anti-tubercular and antibacterial agents. The anti-tubercular activity of the target hybrids was evaluated against drug-susceptible M. tuberculosis strain (ATCC 27294) where hybrids <b>5d</b>, <b>5g</b> and <b>5h</b> were found to be as potent as INH with MIC = 0.24 µg/mL, also the activity was evaluated against Isoniazid/Streptomycin resistant M. tuberculosis (ATCC 35823) where compounds <b>5g</b> and <b>5h</b> showed excellent activity (MIC = 3.9 µg/mL). Moreover, the target hybrids were examined against six bronchitis causing-bacteria. Most derivatives exhibited excellent antibacterial activity. K. pneumonia emerged as the most sensitive strain with MIC range: 0.49-7.81 µg/mL. Furthermore, a molecular docking study has proposed DprE1 as a probable enzymatic target for herein reported isatin-nicotinohydrazide hybrids, and explored the binding interactions within the vicinity of DprE1 active site.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESES OF 5‐DEOXY‐, 5,4′‐DIDEOXY‐, 5‐DEOXY‐5‐EPICHLORO‐, AND 5,4′‐DIDEOXY‐5,4′‐DIEPICHLOROKANAMYCIN A (1983)

Abstract Reaktion des Kanamycin‐A‐Derivats (Ia) bzw. des Acetylderivats (Ib) liefert die Chlorderivate (IIa) bzw. (IV).
Stereoselective synthesis of 2-phosphino-1-zirconaindenes and related 2-phosphinophospholes and stiboles (1997)

Y. Miquel, A. Igau, B. Donnadieu, J.-P. Majoral, L. Dupuis, N. Pirio and P. Meunier, Chem. Commun., 1997, 279 DOI: 10.1039/A606672K
Microbeam Radiation Therapy Controls Local Growth of Radioresistant Melanoma and Treats Out-of-Field Locoregional Metastasis (2022)

Our study highlights the importance of monitoring metastasis after MRT and provides the first MRT fractionation schedule that promotes local and locoregional control with the potential to manage distant metastasis.
Through-the-wall detection of slow-moving personnel (2009)

This paper presents a time-domain, Moving-Target-Indication (MTI) processing formulation for detecting slow-moving personnel behind walls. The proposed time-domain MTI processing formulation consists of change detection and tracking algorithms. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the MTI processing formulation using data collected by the Army Research Laboratory's (ARL's), Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Synchronous Impulse Reconstruction (SIRE) radar. During the collection of the data, the SIRE radar remains stationary and is positioned broadside to the wall and 38 degrees off the broadside position. We have collected data for multiple operational scenarios including: personnel walking inside wood and cinderblock structures, personnel walking in linear and non-linear trajectories, and multiple personnel walking within the building structure. We analyze the characteristics of moving target signatures for the multiple operational scenarios and describe the detection and tracking algorithms implemented to exploit them.
Structure-stabilizing forces in the glomerular tuft. (1995)

The glomerular tuft is constantly exposed to considerable expansile forces resulting from high capillary pressures. Counterforces must be generated in order to maintain structural stability. This review analyzes those structures of the glomerular tuft capable of developing such stabilizing forces. Two systems are described. A basic system consists of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and the mesangium. The GBM represents the main skeletal element of the glomerular tuft. In general, opposing portions of the GBM are bridged by contractile mesangial cell processes, generating inwardly directed forces that balance the expansile forces resulting from pressure gradients across the GBM. A second structure-stabilizing role of the podocytes appears to be superimposed on this system. Podocytes are attached to the GBM by numerous foot processes that contain a contractile system. The foot process attachments probably stabilize small patches of the underlying GBM, counteracting local elastic distension. In addition, podocytes may contribute to the stabilization of the folding pattern of the tuft by linking neighboring capillary loops to each other.
Space transportation and payload integration (1990)

The NASP program will lead to future vehicles that carry crew and cargo to and from orbit. These systems must not only work synergistically with the fleet of launch vehicles in operation at the time of their introduction, but also provide efficient integration services for every payload they carry. Applications studies of NASP-Derived Vehicles (NDV) performed by Rockwell International have addressed both of these concerns.
Relative keyboard input system (2008)

This paper describes a "relative keyboard," where keystrokes are treated as inputs in a continuous space relative to each other, instead of a discrete, unambiguous sequence. A user with the ability to touch-type may type anywhere on the sensing surface without the need for a visual keyboard. An implementation of such a system is explored and evaluated on simulated data and real user data.
The incidence and severity of hangover the morning after moderate alcohol intoxication (2008)

Our findings on the propensity of hangover suggest that 25-30% of drinkers may be resistant to hangover.
MDARTS: a multiprocessor database architecture for hard real-time systems (2000)

Complex real time systems need databases to support concurrent data access and provide well defined interfaces between software modules. However, conventional database systems and prior real time database systems do not provide the performance or predictability needed by high speed, hard real time applications. The authors designed, implemented, and evaluated an object oriented database system called MDARTS (Multiprocessor Database Architecture for Real Time Systems). MDARTS avoids the client server overhead of most prior real time database systems and object oriented, real time systems by moving transaction execution into application tasks. By eliminating these sources of overhead and focusing on basic data management services for control systems (data sharing, serializable transactions, and multiprocessor support), the MDARTS prototype provides hard real time transaction times approximately three orders of magnitude faster than prior real time database systems. MDARTS ensures bounded locking delay by disabling preemption when a transaction is waiting for a lock, and hence, allows for the estimation of worst case transaction execution times. Another contribution of MDARTS is that it supports explicit declarations of real time requirements and semantic constraints within application code. The MDARTS library examines these declarations at application initialization time and attempts to construct objects that are compatible with the requirements. Besides local shared memory transactions with hard real time response time guarantees, MDARTS also supports remote transactions that use remote procedure calls for data access with less stringent timing constraints. The MDARTS prototype is implemented in C++ and it runs on VME based multiprocessors and Sun workstations.
Characteristics of Tumors in Lymph Vessels Play an Important Role in the Tumor Progression of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast: A Prospective Study (2002)

It is unknown whether the characteristics of tumor cells in lymph vessels play an important role in the tumor progression of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast. The purpose of this study was to investigate the significance of the characteristics of tumor cells in the lymph vessels in relation to the tumor progression in 393 IDC patients in comparison with well-known histological parameters. The dimensions of lymph vessel tumor emboli were measured, and their structural features, nuclear atypia, and numbers of mitotic and apoptotic figures were also assessed. Multiple regression analysis showed the dimension, the distance, the number of mitotic figures, the number of apoptotic figures, and papillary features of lymph vessel tumor emboli to be significantly associated with the increased number of cells invading the lymph vessels (P < .05). The Cox proportional hazard multivariate analyses showed that more than six apoptotic figures in lymph vessel tumor emboli significantly increased the hazard rates (HRs) of tumor recurrence and death in IDCs without nodal metastasis and that more than four mitotic figures in lymph vessel tumor emboli significantly increased the HRs of tumor recurrence and death in IDCs with nodal metastasis (P < .05). The present study showed that the histological characteristics of tumor cells in lymph vessels play a very important role in the tumor progression of IDCs.