gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
B01 In vitro study of neurodevelopment in huntington’s disease (2021)

<h3></h3> Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects the medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the striatum. Recent evidence indicates that there is a neurodevelopmental component to HD where MSN specification, maturation and cellular homeostasis may be affected. However, the dysregulated cellular mechanisms underlying these impairments remain to be established. To enhance understanding of how neurodevelopment is affected in HD, further study of striatal development in a healthy context is also required as it is a brain region whose development is relatively understudied. Our aim is to investigate human striatal development in both a healthy and HD context. To achieve this we differentiate control and HD human pluripotent stem cells in vitro towards an MSN fate. A range of analyses including bulk RNA-seq, single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq), and functional assays are performed during differentiation to evaluate the progression of striatal development and how it is altered in HD. Bulk RNA-seq analysis indicates that alternative splicing is affected in HD cells. A set of neurodevelopment-related genes display differential expression of specific isoforms that is likely to impact on neuronal development and function. scRNA-seq analysis has identified two main neuroblast populations. Using machine learning we have mapped the developmental trajectories that neural precursor cells follow to acquire these neuroblast identities. By plotting the expression of known striatal development genes onto these trajectories, we identify additional genes with a similar expression pattern that are also likely to have a role in striatal development. Analysis of this diverse range of data sets is ongoing as they are integrated to develop a predictive model of striatal development. Using this approach, we anticipate that we will identify genes, signaling pathways and developmental modules whose modification will revert MSNs in HD to a healthy state.
High char imide-modified epoxy matrix resins (1979)

The synthesis of a class of bis(imide-amine) curing agents for epoxy matrix resins is discussed. Glass transition temperatures and char yield data of an epoxy cured with various bis(imide-amines) are presented. The room temperature and 350 F mechanical properties, and char yields of unidirectional graphite fiber laminates prepared with conventional epoxy and imide-modified epoxy resins are presented.
Non-quantized square-root topological insulators: a realization in photonic Aharonov-Bohm cages (2018)

Topological Insulators are a novel state of matter where spectral bands are characterized by quantized topological invariants. This unique quantized non-local property commonly manifests through exotic bulk phenomena and corresponding robust boundary effects. In our work, we report a new type of topological insulator exhibiting spectral bands with non-quantized topological properties, but with a quantization that arises in a corresponding system where the square of the Hamiltonian is taken. We provide a thorough theoretical analysis as well as an experimental demonstration based on photonic Aharonov-Bohm cages to highlight the bulk and boundary properties of this neophyte state of matter.
Late‐phase acceleration of energetic ions in corotating interaction regions (1997)

We report on new high‐sensitivity measurements from the WIND spacecraft of the spatial distributions of 30 keV/amu to 10 MeV/amu ions from corotating interaction regions (CIRs) that extend far beyond the confines of the parent high‐speed solar‐wind stream. Not only do late‐phase MeV ions persist far into the declining solar wind, but they also show a continual gain in energy, even after sector boundary passage, until the next small increase in solar wind speed occurs. These ions are accelerated in the distant heliosphere as the reverse shock from the CIR propagates completely across the rarefaction region produced by the declining solar wind, growing in acceleration efficiency as it propagates. Energetic ions from a single CIR event are seen for a period of 17 days and ∼225° in solar longitude. The observed energy spectra can be fit to the theory of Fisk and Lee [1980] only if shock compression increases with time so that the spectra harden significantly.
Effects of source and receiver motion on seismic data (1990)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1990Effects of source and receiver motion on seismic dataAuthors: Gary HampsonHelmut JakubowiczGary HampsonTexaco Ltd., England and Helmut JakubowiczTexaco Ltd., Englandhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1890362 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1890362FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByReferences11 February 2020Research Note: Low‐frequency pneumatic seismic sources26 April 2019 | Geophysical Prospecting, Vol. 67, No. 6RETRACTED ARTICLE: High resolution seismic imaging of complex structures: a case study of the South China Sea data21 March 2016 | Marine Geophysical Research, Vol. 37, No. 4 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1990ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1990 Pages: 1779 publication data© 1990 Copyright © 1990 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Gary Hampson and Helmut Jakubowicz, (1990), "Effects of source and receiver motion on seismic data," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 859-862. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1890362 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Purification and characterization of acyl-acyl carrier protein synthetase from oleaginous yeast and its role in triacylglycerol biosynthesis (2001)

Fatty acids are activated in an ATP-dependent manner before they are utilized. We describe here how the 10S triacylglycerol biosynthetic multienzyme complex from Rhodotorula glutinis is capable of activating non-esterified fatty acids for the synthesis of triacylglycerol. The photolabelling of the complex with [32P]azido-ATP showed labelling of a 35kDa polypeptide. The labelled polypeptide was identified as acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) synthetase, which catalyses the ATP-dependent ligation of fatty acid with ACP to form acyl-ACP. The enzyme was purified by successive PAGE separations to apparent homogeneity from the soluble fraction of oleaginous yeast and its apparent molecular mass was 35kDa under denaturing and reducing conditions. Acyl-ACP synthetase was specific for ATP. The Km values for palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids were found to be 42.9, 30.4, 25.1 and 22.7μM, respectively. The antibodies to acyl-ACP synthetase cross-reacted with Escherichia coli acyl-ACP synthetase. Anti-ACP antibodies showed no cross-reactivity with the purified acyl-ACP synthetase, indicating no bound ACP with the enzyme. Immunoprecipitations with antibodies to acyl-ACP synthetase revealed that this enzyme is a part of the 10S triacylglycerol biosynthetic complex. These results demonstrate that the soluble acyl-ACP synthetase plays a novel role in activating fatty acids for triacylglycerol biosynthesis in oleaginous yeast.
Catalytic activity of enzymes immobilized on AlGaN∕GaN solution gate field-effect transistors (2006)

Enzyme-modified field-effect transistors (EnFETs) were prepared by immobilization of penicillinase on AlGaN∕GaN solution gate field-effect transistors. The influence of the immobilization process on enzyme functionality was analyzed by comparing covalent immobilization and physisorption. Covalent immobilization by Schiff base formation on GaN surfaces modified with an aminopropyltriethoxysilane monolayer exhibits high reproducibility with respect to the enzyme/substrate affinity. Reductive amination of the Schiff base bonds to secondary amines significantly increases the stability of the enzyme layer. Electronic characterization of the EnFET response to penicillin G indicates that covalent immobilization leads to the formation of an enzyme (sub)monolayer.
Tight Junction barriers in human hair follicles – role of claudin-1 (2018)

Abstract Barrier function of hair follicles (HFs) is of great interest because they might be an entry port for allergens/pathogens, but could on the other hand be used for drug delivery or vaccination. Therefore we investigated tight junction (TJ) barrier function in human HFs. We show that there is a TJ barrier in the outermost living layer bordering to the environment from the infundibulum to the lower central part and between Henle’s and Huxles layer of anagen HFs. In club hair typical for catagen and telogen HFs a TJ barrier is found surrounding the club. This demonstrates that there is a continuous TJ barrier along interfollicular epidermis and HFs in different phases of HF cycle. However, interestingly, in cell culture experiments we can show that barrier is less tight in HF keratinocytes compared to interfollicular keratinocytes. Knock-down of the TJ protein claudin-1, which we demonstrate here to be less expressed in HFs of lesional atopic dermatitis skin, results in impaired barrier function, decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of hair keratinocytes. This is in line with a hair growth phenotype in claudin-1 deficient patients (NISCH syndrome) and corresponding knock-out mice and indicates an important role of claudin-1 in HF barrier function and growth.
Implementing a universal gate set on a logical qubit encoded in an oscillator (2017)

A logical qubit is a two-dimensional subspace of a higher dimensional system, chosen such that it is possible to detect and correct the occurrence of certain errors. Manipulation of the encoded information generally requires arbitrary and precise control over the entire system. Whether based on multiple physical qubits or larger dimensional modes such as oscillators, the individual elements in realistic devices will always have residual interactions, which must be accounted for when designing logical operations. Here we demonstrate a holistic control strategy which exploits accurate knowledge of the Hamiltonian to manipulate a coupled oscillator-transmon system. We use this approach to realize high-fidelity (98.5%, inferred), decoherence-limited operations on a logical qubit encoded in a superconducting cavity resonator using four-component cat states. Our results show the power of applying numerical techniques to control linear oscillators and pave the way for utilizing their large Hilbert space as a resource in quantum information processing.A logical qubit is a two-dimensional subspace of a higher dimensional system, whose manipulation requires precise control over the whole system. Here the authors demonstrate a control strategy which exploits precise knowledge of the Hamiltonian to manipulate a coupled oscillator-transmon system.
The relapsing fever spirochaete, Borrelia crocidurae, activates human endothelial cells and promotes the transendothelial migration of neutrophils (2000)

The blood-borne, erythrocyte-aggregating Borrelia crocidurae, the causative agent of African relapsing fever, have been shown to induce severe cellular lesions in mice. In this paper, we present the first report of how the endothelium is stimulated during an African relapsing fever B. crocidurae infection. B. crocidurae co-incubated with cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) activated endothelium in such way that E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) became upregulated in a dose- and time-dependent fashion, as determined by a whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The upregulation was reduced by treatment that killed the bacteria, suggesting that viability is important for the stimulation of HUVECs by B. crocidurae. Furthermore, conditioned medium from HUVECs stimulated with B. crocidurae contained interleukin (IL)-8, which is a chemotactic agent for neutrophils. Activation of HUVECs by B. crocidurae resulted in migration of subsequently added neutrophils across the endothelial monolayers, and this migration was inhibited by antibodies to IL-8. The activation of endothelium by B. crocidurae may constitute a key pathophysiological mechanism in B. crocidurae-induced vascular damage.
The NASA spacecraft transponding modem (2002)

A new deep space transponder is being developed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for NASA. The spacecraft transponding modem (STM) implements standard transponder functions and some of the command and telemetry channel service functions that have resided in spacecraft Command/Data Subsystems. The STM tracks an X-band uplink signal and provides both X-band and Ka-band downlinks, either coherent or noncoherent with the uplink. A command detector is integrated into the STM, along with a codeblock processor and a hardware command decoder. The STM provides Reed-Solomon coding, convolutional coding, and turbo coding for downlink telemetry. The downlink symbol rates can be linearly ramped to match the G/T curve of the receiving station. Data rates range from 5 bits per second (bps) to 24 Mbps, with three modulation modes provided: subcarrier, biphase-L direct on carrier, and offset-QPSK. Standard turn around ranging, regenerative pseudo-noise ranging capability, and Differential One-way Ranging (DOR) tones are provided.
Separation of Fine Granular Mixtures in (2007)

Plate-type electrostatic separators are commonly used for the selective sorting of conductive from nonconductive constituents of a granular mixture. This paper addresses the more delicate issue of granular materials that are characterized by finite nonzero resistivities. The study was conducted with three materials having similar granule size range and specific weight but slightly different electrical properties. Two sets of experiments were performed for evaluating the effect of electrode geometry on the behavior of each of the materials. These results were then employed for predicting the outcome of the electrostatic separation of binary mixtures of good and poor conductors. A third set of experiments validated the predictions and pointed out a couple of nonelectric factors that might deteriorate the performance of a plate-type electrostatic separator in an industrial environment.
A digital-trim controlled on-chip RC oscillator (2002)

In this paper, a high-accuracy RC Oscillator (OSC) circuit is demonstrated using trimming control. The OSC uses a 7-bit binary-weighted resistor array as the trimming object. Using a 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS process, the final output frequency can be achieved within 0.5% error while the original OSC without trimming has as much as 40% output variation due to process variations. Temperature variation and power supply variation are also considered and resolved. Detailed circuit design and SPICE simulation results are presented. The final die size of the test chip is 130 /spl mu/m x 145 /spl mu/m excluding bonding pad.
Toll-like receptor 2 activation and comedogenesis: implications for the pathogenesis of acne (2013)

TLR activation and secretion of IL-1α from keratinocytes may be initiating steps in comedogenesis and, therefore, critical to the pathophysiology of acne.
Global Predictions and Tests of Erythroid Regulatory Regions (2003)

Determinations of the genomic DNA sequences of human, mouse, and other organisms are landmark achievements, but the major changes in biology and medicine anticipated as a result (Lander 1996) require that a function be assigned to all the important segments within those genomes (Collins et al. 2003). It has long been realized that functional sequences change more slowly than nonfunctional (neutral) DNA sequences over evolutionary time (Kimura 1968; Li et al. 1981). Some gene prediction and assessment algorithms incorporate interspecies sequence alignments into their analysis (see, e.g., Korf et al. 2001; Wiehe et al. 2001; Nekrutenko et al. 2002). This slower rate also can be predictive for sequences involved in gene regulation. One of the early approaches for finding critical sequences within bacteriophage promoters
Alginate/Hydroxyapatite-Based Nanocomposite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Improve Dental Pulp Biomineralization and Differentiation (2018)

Tissue engineering is widely recognized as a promising approach for bone repair and reconstruction. Several attempts have been made to achieve materials that must be compatible, osteoconductive, and osteointegrative and have mechanical strength to provide a structural support. Composite scaffolds consisting in biodegradable natural polymers are very promising constructs. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) can support alginate as inorganic reinforcement and osteoconductive component of alginate/HAp composite scaffolds. Therefore, HAp-strengthened polymer biocomposites offer a solid system to engineer synthetic bone substitutes. In the present work, HAp was incorporated into an alginate solution and internal gelling was induced by addition of slowly acid-hydrolyzing D-gluconic acid delta-lactone for the direct release of calcium ions from HAp. It has been previously demonstrated that alginate-based composites efficiently support adhesion of cancer bone cell lines. Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) identified in human dental pulp are clonogenic cells capable of differentiating in multiple lineage. Thus, this study is aimed at verifying the mineralization and differentiation potential of human DPSCs seeded onto scaffolds based on alginate and nano-hydroxyapatite. For this purpose, gene expression profile of early and late mineralization-related markers, extracellular matrix components, viability parameters, and oxidative stress occurrence were evaluated and analyzed. In summary, our data show that DPSCs express osteogenic differentiation-related markers and promote calcium deposition and biomineralization when growing onto Alg/HAp scaffolds. These findings confirm the use of Alg/HAp scaffolds as feasible composite materials in tissue engineering, being capable of promoting a specific and successful tissue regeneration as well as mineralized matrix deposition and sustaining natural bone regeneration.
Purified DNAs are transcribed after microinjection into Xenopus oocytes. (1977)

The possibility of using DNA-injected Xenopus laevis oocytes and eggs for studying the control of transcription in eukaryotes has been investigated. When purified DNA of simian virus 40 (SV40) is injected into Xenopus laevis oocytes, tritiated RNA precursors are incorporated into DNase-I-resistant, RNase-A- and alkali-sensitive material that hybridizes specifically to SV40 DNA. This viral transcription continues for at least 5 days and occurs only when the injected DNA is directed to the nucleus of the oocyte. The quantity of SV40-specific RNA produced is roughly proportional to the amount of DNA injected; above 1 ng per oocyte, most of the nonribosomal RNA made in successfully injected oocytes is virus-specific. Transcription also occurs, although at a lower efficiency, after injection of the DNA into unfertilized eggs. The DNAs of adenovirus 5, cloned Drosophila melanogaster histone genes, and even bacteriophage phiX174 replicative form, bacteriophage phi80plac, and the ColE1 plasmid are also transcribed after injection into oocytes or eggs.
Investigation the effects of Na2MoO4 as an inhibitor on electrochemical corrosion behavior of 316L stainless steel in LiBr solution (2018)

The effect of sodium molybdate (Na2MoO4) as an inhibitor at various concentrations of 50, 100 and 200ppm on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of 316L stainless steel in LiBr solution at 60°C was studied by polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods and electron microscopy. Polarization curves indicate that Na2MoO4 acts as mixed-type inhibitor. The corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel samples increases with the inhibitor concentration up to 200ppm. By increasing the inhibitor concentration from 50ppm to 200ppm, corrosion current density decreases. These results were confirmed by further analysis using a scanning electron microscope.
Social vehicle navigation (2013)

In this paper, we propose a Social Vehicle Navigation system that integrates driver-provided information into a vehicle navigation system in order to calculate personalized routing. Our approach allows drivers registered into certain vehicle social network groups to share driving experiences with other drivers using voice tweets. These tweets are automatically aggregated into tweet digests for each social group based on location and destination. While listening to the tweet digests, a driver can instruct the social navigator to avoid or choose certain road segments in order to calculate a personalized route. We present our initial design along with a simple prototype implemented for the Android platform.
Efficacy of common antiseptic solutions against clinically relevant microorganisms in biofilm (2021)

Aims Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are among the most devastating complications after joint arthroplasty. There is limited evidence on the efficacy of different antiseptic solutions on reducing biofilm burden. The purpose of the present study was to test the efficacy of different antiseptic solutions against clinically relevant microorganisms in biofilm. Methods We conducted an in vitro study examining the efficacy of several antiseptic solutions against clinically relevant microorganisms. We tested antiseptic irrigants against nascent (four-hour) and mature (three-day) single-species biofilm created in vitro using a drip-flow reactor model. Results With regard to irrigant efficacy against biofilms, Povidone-iodine treatment resulted in greater reductions in nascent MRSA biofilms (logarithmic reduction (LR) = 3.12; p &lt; 0.001) compared to other solutions. Bactisure treatment had the greatest reduction of mature Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms (LR = 1.94; p = 0.032) and a larger reduction than Vashe or Irrisept for mature Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms (LR = 2.12; p = 0.025). Pooled data for all biofilms tested resulted in Bactisure and Povidone-iodine with significantly greater reductions compared to Vashe, Prontosan, and Irrisept solutions (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion Treatment failure in PJI is often due to failure to clear the biofilm; antiseptics are often used as an adjunct to biofilm clearance. We tested irrigants against clinically relevant microorganisms in biofilm in vitro and showed significant differences in efficacy among the different solutions. Further clinical outcome data is necessary to determine whether these solutions can impact PJI outcome in vivo. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(5):908–915.
The Role of Vitamin D Deficiency and Vitamin D Receptor Genotypes on the Degree of Collateralization in Patients with Suspected Coronary Artery Disease (2014)

We determined the association of vitamin D deficiency and the FokI polymorphism of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene in 760 patients who underwent angiography due to suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Angiography and the Rentrop scoring system were used to classify the severity of CAD in each patient and to grade the extent of collateral development, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to determine the FokI VDR gene polymorphism. The prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D<10 ng/mL) was significantly higher in patients with at least one stenotic coronary artery compared to those without any stenotic coronary arteries. Severe vitamin D deficiency was not independently associated with collateralization, but it was significantly associated with the VDR genotypes. In turn, VDR genotype was independently associated with the degree of collateralization; the Rentrop scores were the highest in FF, intermediate in Ff, and the lowest in the ff genotype. The results show that FokI polymorphism is independently associated with collateralization. Additionally, vitamin D deficiency is more prevalent in patients with CAD that may result from FokI polymorphism. Therefore, maintaining a normal vitamin D status should be a high priority for patients with CAD.