gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Eu(III), Tb(III), Sm(III), and Dy(III) Lanthanide Chelate Nanoparticle Labels (2005)

Preparation and characterization of europium(III), terbium(III), samarium(III), and dysprosium(III) polystyrene nanoparticle labels with lanthanide-specific fluorescence properties has been presented. Emulsion copolymerization of styrene and acrylic acid was used to synthesize uniform-sized nanoparticles approximately 45 nm in diameter. Europium(III) and samarium(III) lanthanides were chelated with 2-naphthoyltrifluoroacetone and trioctylphosphine oxide to dye the spherical particles, whereas terbium(III) and dysprosium(III) chelate complexes contained a newly synthesized ligand, 4-(2,4,6-tridecyloxyphenyl)pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid. The fluorescence properties of the four lanthanides-including a wide Stokes shift, a narrow emission peak, and long fluorescence lifetime-were retained despite the incorporation into the nanoparticles. Furthermore, the nanoparticles, containing more than 1000 lanthanide chelates, were detectable at label concentrations 3 orders of magnitude lower than the corresponding soluble lanthanide chelate labels. The applicability of the labels prepared was demonstrated by a heterogeneous sandwich-type immunoassay for human prostate-specific antigen, where the lowest limits of detection of 1.6, 2.4, 10.1, and 114.2 ng/L were achieved using europium(III), terbium(III), samarium(III), and dysprosium(III) nanoparticles, respectively. The spectral and functional properties of the lanthanide-embedded polystyrene nanoparticles developed here suggest that the technology is applicable for high-sensitivity multicolor assays.
A Classification Canvas for the analysis of biomedical data (2002)

With the rapid proliferation of complex high-dimensional biomedical data, an acute need exists for a comprehensive, knowledge-based, domain-specific, user-friendly software suite that allows investigators, in the health care disciplines, to classify their data through the detection of novel or discriminating features therein. The Classification Canvas is an attempt to achieve these goals in addition to providing intuitive visual computation and logic construction. In this paper we describe various design and implementation issues such as: balancing user (novice) friendliness and developer (experienced) utility, performance versus modularity trade-offs, C++ and Java data sharing responsibilities, and creating graphical interfaces for (user-supplied) algorithm control.
Abstract P143: The Angiotensin AT2 Receptor Agonist Compound 21 Is a Low Affinity Thromboxane A2 Receptor Antagonist (2015)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate potential vasorelaxant effects of angiotensin AT2-receptor stimulation by the specific AT2-receptor agonist C21 in pericardial resistance arteries from cardiovascular disease patients. Methods: Parietal pericardium was obtained during coronary artery bypass-grafting and/or valve replacement in patients. Pericardial arteries from pigs and mesenteric arteries from C57BL-6J and AT2R deficient (AT2R-/y) mice were used for comparison. Isolated arteries were mounted onto wire myographs, pre-contracted with either K+, phenylephrine, endothelin-1 (ET-1) or the thromboxane agonist U46619, and the relaxing effect of C21 (0.1nM - 10μM) was investigated in the absence or presence of 3nM valsartan (AT1R antagonist), 10μM PD123319 or 10μM M132 (AT2R antagonists). Results: C21 significantly relaxed ET-1 contracted porcine arteries (Emax -37 ± 6 %; -0.87 vs -0.45 N/m relaxation; N=6; P&lt;0.05, two-way ANOVA) and phenylephrine contracted mouse mesenteric arteries (Emax -52 ± 10 %; -0.26 vs -0.09 N/m relaxation; N=6; P&lt;0.01, two-way ANOVA), and this was inhibited by PD123319 or M132 and absent in arteries from AT2R-/y. C21 significantly induced vasorelaxation in U46619 contracted vessels from all species and vascular beds (e.g. in human pericardial arteries: Emax -78 ± 10 %; -0.67 vs -0.07 N/m relaxation; N=17; P&lt;0.01, two-way ANOVA), and this effect was not blocked by AT2R antagonists and still present in AT2R-/y. C21 further inhibited U46619 induced platelet aggregation. An Arrestin Biosensor Assay revealed that C21 binds to the TXA2 receptor with a Ki of 3.74 μM. Conclusion: Depended on species, vascular bed and contractile stimulus, C21 relaxes resistance-sized arteries by AT2R stimulation or by TXA2 antagonism. These data together with the low affinity binding of C21 to the TXA2 receptor and its effect on platelet aggregation strongly suggest that C21 is not only a high affinity, selective AT2R agonist, but also a low affinity TXA2 receptor antagonist.
Sodium Periodate as a Primary Oxidant for Water-Oxidation Catalysts (2012)

Sodium periodate was characterized as a primary chemical oxidant for the catalytic evolution of oxygen at neutral pH using a variety of water-oxidation catalysts. The visible spectra of solutions formed from Cp*Ir(bpy)SO(4) during oxygen-evolution catalysis were measured. NMR spectroscopy suggests that the catalyst remains molecular after several turnovers with sodium periodate. Two of our [Cp*Ir(bis-NHC)][PF(6)](2) complexes, along with other literature catalysts, such as the manganese terpyridyl dimer, Hill's cobalt polyoxometallate, and Meyer's blue dimer, were also tested for activity. Sodium periodate was found to function only for water-oxidation catalysts with low overpotentials. This specificity is attributed to the relatively low oxidizing capability of sodium periodate solutions relative to solutions of other common primary oxidants. Studying oxygen-evolution catalysis by using sodium periodate as a primary oxidant may, therefore, provide preliminary evidence that a given catalyst has a low overpotential.
Force prediction by fingernail imaging using active appearance models (2013)

This paper investigates the effect of two different parameters on the registration and force prediction accuracy of using Active Appearance Models (AAM) to align fingernail images. First, the color channel used to form the AAM is varied between (1) an averaged grayscale image, (2) the red channel, (3) the green channel and (4) the blue channel. Second, the number of landmark points used to create the AAM is varied between 6 and 75. The color channel is found to have an effect on the registration accuracy and the force prediction error. The green, blue and grayscale images are approximately equivalent, while the red images have a larger error across all metrics used. The number of landmark points may be reduced to 25 with no significant effect on either the registration accuracy or the force prediction error, though further reduction has shown some effect. With this information, a simpler registration model can be used that requires fewer calculations.
Dielectric and Thermal Study of the Influence of Aerosils on the Ferroelectric SmA-SmC* Phase Transition (2003)

Abstract The influence of the dispersed aerosil particle concentration on the SmA-SmC* phase transition in CE8 liquid crystal was studied by using dielectric spectroscopy and high-resolution calorimetry. With increasing aerosil concentration x the soft mode critical slowing down anomaly is strongly suppressed, while the static dielectric susceptibility exhibits strong rounding effects. Both dielectric and heat capacity measurements show appearance of the pretransitional critical wing above the TC with increasing x. Keywords: Ferroelectric CE8 dielectric constant heat capacity
Metronomic cyclophosphamide regimen electively depletes CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells in patients with advanced solid tumors (2006)

2561 Background: CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells (Treg) are involved in the prevention of autoimmune diseases and in tumor-induced tolerance. We previously demonstrated in tumor-bearing rodents that low doses of cyclophosphamide (CPM) could significantly decrease both number and suppressive functions of Treg, facilitating vaccine-induced tumor rejection. Repeated low doses of cyclophosphamide, referred to as metronomic treatment aiming at reducing tumor angiogenesis, are used in patients with advanced, chemoresistant tumors. Methods: Six patients with metastatic solid tumors were treated after informed consent with metronomic CPM - 50 mg orally twice a day, with one week on, and one week off, until progression or limiting toxicity. Peripheral blood mononucleated cells (PBMC) were sampled before and after 4 weeks of treatment. Occurrence of blood leucocyte subpopulation and capacity of Treg to inhibit NK and T cells patients functions were measured. Results: metronomic CPM induced a profound and selective reduction of circulating Treg, both in percentage (7.7 ± 0.8 % before versus 3.3 ± 0.8 % after, p &lt; 0.005) and absolute number (25.2 ± 7.5 cells/mm 3 before versus 6.1 ± 3.3 cells/mm 3 after, p &lt; 0.0006). Inhibitory functions of Treg on conventional T cells and NK cells lead to a restoration of peripheral T cell proliferation - i.e. PBMC from cancer patients exhibited 17 ± 3% T cells proliferation capacity after CD3 CD28 stimulation versus 44 ± 5% (p &lt; 0.01) 1 month after the beginning of the treatment, and versus 45 ± 6% in healthy volunteers- and innate NK killing activities - i.e. PBMC from cancer patients exhibited 9 ± 1% NK killing capacity against K562 target versus 26 ± 5% (p &lt; 0.005) after 4 week treatment. Conclusions: Metronomic CPM has not only effect on tumor angiogenesis, but also strongly curtail immunosuppressive Treg, which could favor a better control of tumor progression. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (2001)

PREVIEWCoagulase-negative staphylococci are among the most commonly isolated bacteria in clinical microbiology laboratories. Such coagulase-negative, novobiocin-susceptible staphylococci as Staphylococcus epidermidis have emerged as a major cause of infection, particularly in hospitalized patients with indwelling foreign bodies and in immunocompromised patients. In this article, Drs von Eiff, Proctor, and Peters discuss the role of these pathogens in bacteremia, polymer-associated infection, endocarditis, and urinary tract infection (UTI).
Estimation of glottal waves based on nonminimum phase models (1997)

Research on the glottal wave has been widely carried out because the characteristic of glottal wave generated by the vibration of a glottis greatly influences the quality of synthesized voice. Since it has been known that the waveforms of the glottal wave are asymmetric triangles with rounded corners, sound sources which parametrically express the glottal wave have been proposed. In these sound models, the characteristics of glottal waves in various cases must be known. In order to estimate the glottal wave from the observed voice signal, the inverse-filter method, in which an inverse filter with an inverse characteristic of the voice transfer function is used, has been widely developed. However, since the voice path transfer function and glottal wave are independently estimated in this method, error occurs and it is not an easy task to eliminate the error. This paper proposes a novel algorithm which simultaneously estimates the voice path transfer function and characteristic of the glottal wave. In this algorithm, the voice generation process is expressed by a nonminimum phase model including the characteristic of glottal wave, and the glottal wave is estimated by obtaining the parameters of the transfer function. In order to estimate the glottal wave, not only an estimation of the parameters of the transfer function but also an unknown driving input signal must be known. However, since the inverse system of the transfer function becomes unstable in this method based on the nonminimum phase model, an approximate inverse system is adopted. Then, when the characteristic of the voice path is given by an all-pole model, the glottal wave can be estimated. The nonminimum phase model by this method can be used for voice synthesis based on the glottal wave. The glottal wave was estimated by simulation and observing the sound of vowels, and it was found that this estimation algorithm was effective. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 80(9): 59–69, 1997
SIP Multicast-Based Mobile Quality-of-Service Support over Heterogeneous IP Multimedia Subsystems (2008)

The Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) all-IP network supports IP multimedia services through the IP multimedia subsystem (IMS). This paper proposes a mobile quality-of-service (QoS) framework for heterogeneous IMS interworking. To reduce the handoff disruption time, this framework supports the IMS mobility based on the concept of session initiation protocol (SIP) multicast. In our approach, the mobility of a user equipment (UE) is modeled as a transition in the multicast group membership. With the concept of dynamic shifting of the multicast group's members, the flow of actual data packets can be switched to the new route as quickly as possible. To overcome mobility impact on service guarantees, UEs need to make QoS resource reservations in advance at neighboring IMS networks, where they may visit during the lifetime of the ongoing sessions. These locations become the leaves of the multicast tree in our approach. To obtain more efficient use of the scarce wireless bandwidth, our approach allows UEs to temporarily exploit the inactive bandwidths reserved by other UEs in the current IMS/access network. Analytic and simulation models are developed to investigate our resource reservation scheme. The results indicate that our scheme yields comparable performance to that of the previously proposed channel assignment schemes.
The Acetyl Mimicking Mutation, K274Q in Tau, Enhances the Metal Binding Affinity of Tau and Reduces the Ability of Tau to Protect DNA (2019)

The aggregation of tau, a microtubule-associated protein, is known to play an important role in several neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's disease is considered to be associated with the dyshomeostasis of metal ions such as aluminum, zinc, copper, and ferric ions. Tau is predominately acetylated at the K274 residue in Alzheimer's disease, and the acetylation of the K274 residue is thought to be linked with dementia. Using acetyl mimicking K274Q mutation in tau, we have examined the effects of the acetylation at K274 residue of tau on the interactions of tau with metal ions and also on the ability of tau to protect DNA from the heat and other stressors. We found that Zn<sup>2+</sup> and Al<sup>3+</sup> increased the liquid-liquid phase separation of tau, an initial stage of tau aggregation. Further, Zn<sup>2+</sup> and Al<sup>3+</sup> considerably reduced the critical concentration for the phase separation of K274Q tau. Using far-UV circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy, we provide evidence suggesting that the binding of Zn<sup>2+</sup> and Al<sup>3+</sup> induces conformational changes in tau. The K274Q mutation enhanced the binding affinity of tau for Zn<sup>2+</sup>, Al<sup>3+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup>, and Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions. In addition, Zn<sup>2+</sup>, Al<sup>3+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup>, and Fe<sup>3+</sup> significantly enhanced the aggregation propensity of K274Q tau in comparison to tau. Interestingly, tau binds to DNA with a higher affinity than K274Q tau. Tau protects DNA from the DNase treatment <i>in vitro</i> as well as from the heat stress in neuroblastoma cells more efficiently than K274Q tau. The results indicated that the acetylation of K274 residue of tau may increase metal ion-induced toxicity and diminish the ability of tau to protect DNA.
Modelling feedbacks between geomorphological and riparian vegetation responses under climate change in a Mediterranean context (2018)

Abstract Climate change is expected to alter temperatures and precipitation patterns, affecting river flows and hence riparian corridors. In this context we have explored the potential evolution of riparian corridors under a dryness gradient of flow regimes associated with climate change in a Mediterranean river. We have applied an advanced bio‐hydromorphodynamic model incorporating interactions between hydro‐morphodynamics and vegetation. Five scenarios, representing drier conditions and more extreme events, and an additional reference scenario without climate change, have been designed and extended until the year 2100. The vegetation model assesses colonization, growth and mortality of Salicaceae species. We analysed the lower course of the Curueño River, a free flowing gravel bed river (NW Spain), as a representative case study of the Mediterranean region. Modelling results reveal that climate change will affect both channel morphology and riparian vegetation in terms of cover, age distribution and mortality. Reciprocal interactions between flow conditions and riparian species as bio‐engineers are predicted to promote channel narrowing, which becomes more pronounced as dryness increases. Reductions in seedling cover and increases in sapling and mature forest cover are predicted for all climate change scenarios compared with the reference scenario, and the suitable area for vegetation development declines and shifts towards lower floodplain elevations. Climate change also leads to younger vegetation becoming more subject to uprooting and flooding. The predicted reduction in suitable establishment areas and the narrowing of vegetated belts threatens the persistence of the current riparian community. This study highlights the usefulness of advanced bio‐hydromorphodynamic modelling for assessing climate change effects on fluvial landscapes. It also illustrates the need to consider climate change in river management to identify appropriate adaptation measures for riparian ecosystems. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Rapid Identification ofCandidaSpecies by Confocal Raman Microspectroscopy (2002)

Candida species are important nosocomial pathogens associated with high mortality rates. Rapid detection and identification of Candida species can guide a clinician at an early stage to prescribe antifungal drugs or to adjust empirical therapy when resistant species are isolated. Confocal Raman microspectroscopy is highly suitable for the rapid identification of Candida species, since Raman spectra can be directly obtained from microcolonies on a solid culture medium after only 6 h of culturing. In this study, we have used a set of 42 Candida strains comprising five species that are frequently encountered in clinical microbiology to test the feasibility of the technique for the rapid identification of Candida species. The procedure was started either from a culture on Sabouraud medium or from a positive vial of an automated blood culture system. Prior to Raman measurements, strains were subcultured on Sabouraud medium for 6 h to form microcolonies. Using multivariate statistical analyses, a high prediction accuracy (97 to 100%) was obtained with the Raman method. Identification with Raman microspectroscopy may therefore be significantly faster than identification with commercial identification systems that allow various species to be identified and that often require 24 to 48 h before a reliable identification is obtained. We conclude that confocal Raman microspectroscopy offers a rapid, accurate, and easy-to-use alternative for the identification of clinically relevant Candida species.
Supplementary Figure 7 from Critical Roles of Mucin 1 Glycosylation by Transactivated Polypeptide <i>N</i>-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 6 in Mammary Carcinogenesis (2023)

Supplementary Figure 7 from Critical Roles of Mucin 1 Glycosylation by Transactivated Polypeptide &lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt;-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 6 in Mammary Carcinogenesis
Knockdown of CABYR-a/b Increases Chemosensitivity of Human Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells through Inactivation of Akt (2013)

Suppression of CABYR-a/b expression increases chemosensitivity of lung cancer cells by inhibiting Akt activity.
THE EVOLUTION OF FIELD-INDUCED STRUCTURE OF CONFINED FERROFLUID EMULSIONS (1994)

We report a real-time study of the evolution of the structure of confined ferrofluid emulsions during the "liquid–solid" phase transition. A monodisperse oil-in-water ferrofluid emulsion is used. The structure evolution of the emulsion after rapidly applying a magnetic field is probed by the static light scattering. The scattering pattern exhibits pronounced rings reflecting the formation of chains and their coalescence to columns or even "worm" structures. The scattering ring is found to decrease in size and brighten in intensity with time. To monitor the structure evolution in time, both the ring peak position in scattering wavevector, q max , and the peak intensity, I max , are measured as a function of time. Both q max and I max saturate in less than 0.5 seconds after applying a magnetic field. At a constant cell thickness of 25 µm, the evolution of structure is essentially independent of volume fraction ranging from 0.015 to 0.13. In addition, a very good scaling is found in the scattered light intensity as a function of the scattering wavevector.
Once-daily fosinopril in the treatment of hypertension. (1991)

This multicenter, dose-ranging study evaluated the antihypertensive effectiveness of once-daily administration of fosinopril sodium in 220 patients with supine diastolic blood pressure of 95-115 mm Hg. After a 4-week placebo period, patients were randomly assigned to double-blind therapy with either placebo or 10, 40, or 80 mg fosinopril once daily for 4 weeks. If treatment goals were not met, chlorthalidone 25 mg/day was added for weeks 5 to 8. Thereafter, patients could enter the long-term, open-label phase and receive 10-80 mg/day fosinopril plus chlorthalidone, if needed. After 4 weeks of monotherapy, the average decreases in supine diastolic blood pressure were 9% (10 mg), 11.5% (40 mg), and 12.5% (80 mg) compared with 6% in the placebo group. After 8 weeks, the average decreases, with or without diuretic therapy, were 12.5-18.2%, compared with 10.8% with placebo. Blood pressure continued to be well controlled, and the patients showed no evidence of tachyphylaxis or tolerance through 12-15 months of treatment. Fosinopril was well tolerated. During the short-term phase, no patient withdrew because of adverse events possibly related to fosinopril; during the long-term phase, nine of 148 patients (6.1%) withdrew for that reason. In patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension, once-daily fosinopril (40 and 80 mg) provided significant antihypertensive effects with or without diuretic therapy. The 10 mg dose was effective in some patients and may be considered a starting dose.