gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cuff compliance of pediatric and adult cuffed tracheal tubes: an experimental study (2004)

Summary Background : Tracheal mucosal damage related to tracheal intubation has been widely described in pediatric and adult patients. High volume–low pressure cuffs (HVLPC) are being advertised as safe to avoid this particularly unpleasant complication. Compliances of these supposed pediatric and adult HVLPC are not mentioned by manufacturers and still remain unknown. Methods : The compliance of HVLPC was measured in vitro and defined as the straight portion of the pressure–volume curve. Cuff pressure was measured after incremental 0.1 ml filling volumes of air for sizes 3.0–8.0 of internal diameter of Rüsch TM and Mallinckrodt TM tracheal tubes. Compliances were assessed in air and in a rigid tube. The filling volume to achieve a 25‐mmHg intracuff pressure was also measured. Results : In air, each 0.1 ml step almost linearly increased cuff pressure by 1 mmHg (size 8.0) to 9 mmHg (size 3). In air, the volume needed to maintain a cuff pressure &lt; 25 mmHg was small for sizes 3–5.5 (0.35–2 ml). The 25 mmHg inflated cuff volume and compliance were decreased within a rigid tube, especially for adult sizes. In a rigid tube simulating a trachea, the compliances of almost every Rüsch TM tracheal tube were statistically higher than those of the Mallinckrodt TM . Conclusion : We conclude that the tested tracheal tube cuffs have low compliance and cannot be defined as high volume–low pressure.
Successful Treatment with Sofosbuvir (SOF) Regimen Improves Patient-reported Outcomes (PROs) in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C (CH-C) (2013)

Purpose: Interferon-based treatment negatively impacts PROs. Our aim was to assess PROs in CH-C treated with SOF and ribavirin (RBV) with or without pegylated Interferon (PEG-IFN). Methods: Chronic liver disease questionnaire-HCV (CLDQ-HCV), a fatigue questionnaire measuring peripheral, central, or mixed fatigue (functional assessment of chronic illness therapy: FACIT-F), work productivity, and activity index. Specific health problem (WPAI:SHP) was administered at baseline, end-of-treatment, and post-treatment to previously untreated G2 or 3 CH-C subjects receiving either SOF+RBV (N=201) for 16 weeks or 12 weeks followed up by 4 weeks of placebo (FUSION), and treatment-naïve G1 CH-C subjects receiving PEG-IFN+RBV+SOF (N=327) for 12 weeks (NEUTRINO). Clinical data were collected, and all virologic data were blinded. CLDQ-HCV is a fully validated disease-specific health-related quality of life questionnaire. Peripheral fatigue scores of FACIT-F measure contribution of physical factors (such as inflammation) to fatigue, while central fatigue scores of FACIT-F measure contribution of mood and behavioral factors. WPAI:SHP is a validated tool for evaluation of impairment in work productivity (including both work absenteeism and lower productivity while working) and daily activities as a result of a given health problem. Results: Throughout FUSION, regardless of treatment duration, subjects had similar FACIT-F, CLDQ-HCV, and WPAI:SHP scores (p>0.05). Compared to baselines, patients receiving SOF+RBV (both arms of FUSION) experienced a modest decline in all fatigue scores during treatment (p=0.02 to <0.0001). A similar modest decline in CLDQ-HCV and WPAI:SHP scores were noted (p<0.05). By week 4 of follow-up, scores related to central fatigue and mixed fatigue improved, as compared to the baseline (p=0.01 to p<0.0001), while peripheral fatigue returned to pre-treatment level (p>0.05). Furthermore, improvements were noted in every aspect of CLDQ-HCV (p=0.01 to <0.0001) and the activity score of WPAI:SHP (p=0.02). Subjects receiving PEG-IFN+RBV+SOF (NEUTRINO) experienced more substantial declines in their fatigue (peripheral, central and mixed, p<0.05), CLDQ-HCV (p<0.0001), and WPAI: SHP (p=0.03) scores. During follow-up, significant improvement of fatigue, CLDQ-HCV, and WPAI:SHP scores were noted in patients who achieved SVR-12 in FUSION or NEUTRINO (all p<0.05). Multivariate analyses showed that baseline depression, anxiety, and symptomatic fatigue, as well as treatment-induced anemia and receipt of interferon were predictors of worsening PROs (all p<0.05) during treatment. Conclusion: PROs are substantially worsened by PEG-IFN-related side effects, and are minimally impacted by IFN-free regimens. SVR-12 is associated with improvement in most PRO scores. Disclosure - Gilead Sciences is the sponsor for both protocols both FUSION and NEUTRINO. This research was supported by an industry grant from Gilead Sciences for data analysis.
Self-selection of dissipative assemblies driven by primitive chemical reaction networks (2018)

Life is a dissipative nonequilibrium structure that requires constant consumption of energy to sustain itself. How such an unstable state could have selected from an abiotic pool of molecules remains a mystery. Here we show that liquid phase-separation offers a mechanism for the selection of dissipative products from a library of reacting molecules. We bring a set of primitive carboxylic acids out-of-equilibrium by addition of high-energy condensing agents. The resulting anhydrides are transiently present before deactivation via hydrolysis. We find the anhydrides that phase-separate into droplets to protect themselves from hydrolysis and to be more persistent than non-assembling ones. Thus, after several starvation-refueling cycles, the library self-selects the phase-separating anhydrides. We observe that the self-selection mechanism is more effective when the library is brought out-of-equilibrium by periodic addition of batches as opposed to feeding it continuously. Our results suggest that phase-separation offers a selection mechanism for energy dissipating assemblies.
The normal microflora of the female rabbit's genital tract. (1986)

Microorganisms associated with the vagina, cervix and uterus of rabbits were isolated and identified. The predominant microorganisms isolated from the vaginas and cervices were coagulase-negative staphylococci, micrococci, and nonfermentative bacilli. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were isolated frequently, but in small numbers, from the uteri. The pH of the rabbit vagina was found to be near neutrality. Our data indicate that the genital flora of female rabbits is relatively simple, regarding the number and type of microorganisms.
Representation of Relative Freedom Derived From Geometric Models (1993)

Abstract Multi-contact constraints representing the assembled state of polygonal solid objects can be represented by screw systems which provide a complete description of rotational and translational freedom. In most cases, the computation of relative freedom does not require consideration of all constraints. We have developed an algorithm to identify redundant constraints, therefore minimizing the complexity of assembly/disassembly planning. We also employ the method to determine relative stability which identifies unstable configurations of assembled parts.
A multiple, virtual-workspace interface to support user task switching (1986)

An interface is presented that is designed to help users switch among tasks on which they are concurrently working. Nine desirable properties for such an interface are derived. It is argued that a key constraint to building interfaces that support task switching is that low user-overhead switching among tasks requires a large amount of display space, whereas actual display space is limited. A virtual workspace design is presented that greatly speeds the inevitable task-switching induced window faulting. The resulting interface is presented as a study in theory-based human-interface design. It is shown how in this case theory is important in inspiring a design, but design entailments outside the theory raise new issues that must be faced to make the design viable. These design experiences, in turn, help inspire new theory.
Cost effective memory dependence prediction using speculation levels and color sets (2002)

Memory dependence prediction allows out-of-order issue processors to achieve high degrees of instruction level parallelism by issuing load instructions at the earliest time without causing a significant number of memory order violations. We present a simple mechanism which incorporates multiple speculation levels within the processor and classifies the load and the store instructions at run time to the appropriate speculation level. Each speculation level is termed as a color and the sets of load and store instructions are called color sets. We present how this mechanism can be incorporated into the issue logic of a conventional superscalar processor and show that this simple mechanism can provide similar performance to that of more costly schemes resulting in reduced hardware complexity and cost. The performance of the technique is evaluated with respect to the store set algorithm. At very small table sizes, the color set approach provides up to 21% better performance than the store set algorithm for floating point Spec95 benchmarks and up to 18% better performance for integer benchmarks using harmonic means.
Humoral and cellular immune responses in cattle and sheep inoculated with Sarcocystis (1984)

Cattle inoculated with Sarcocystis bovicanis (= Sarcocystis cruzi) and sheep inoculated with Sarcocystis ovicanis were monitored for the appearance of Sarcocystis-specific antibodies and lymphocytes in the peripheral circulation. Anti-Sarcocystis antibody was identified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, whereas antigen-reactive lymphocytes were discerned by an in vitro lymphocyte blastogenic assay. The antigens used were the soluble fraction recovered from disrupted bradyzoites of mature sarcocysts. Cattle developed anti-Sarcocystis immunoglobulin (Ig)M responses, beginning 3 to 4 weeks after inoculation, and IgG1 antibody responses, beginning 5 to 6 weeks after inoculation. The increase in IgM antibody was relatively brief, returning to near preinfection levels in 2 to 3 months. In contrast, IgG1 antibody levels remained high for at least 5 to 6 months. Neither IgG2 nor IgA antibody responses were demonstrable in cattle. In sheep, the IgG antibody levels followed a time course similar to that seen in cattle, except that the increase was slightly delayed (6 to 8 weeks after inoculation was done). Measurable IgM antibody response was not seen in sheep. Cellular immunoresponsiveness as judged by in vitro lymphocyte blastogenesis in cattle was different from that in sheep. Sarcocystis-specific lymphocytes were demonstrable in the circulation of cattle within 15 days after they were inoculated, but the activity decreased rapidly. In sheep, reactive cells were not evident until 3 to 4 weeks after inoculation were done, but peripheral blood lymphocytes taken from these sheep as long as 5 to 6 weeks after the inoculations remained capable of mounting strong blastogenic responses. Neither the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay nor the blastogenic assay showed species specificity. Animals immunized with a given species of Sarcocystis gave similar in vitro responses to antigens from the immunizing species and to other species of Sarcocystis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Ultra-thin CeO{sub 2} overlayer on YSZ studied by x-ray surface scattering (1997)

Transition metal catalysts such as Rh/Pt used in a three-way automotive catalytic converter have to perform reduction and oxidation functions at the same time. This can be accomplished only in a specific range of oxygen pressure and temperature. In order to maintain a constant partial pressure of oxygen in the vicinity of the catalysts mixtures of ceria and zirconia are used. Ceria is an essential component due to its capability of storing oxygen under oxidizing and releasing oxygen under reducing conditions. However, this function deteriorates with time and eventually a catalytic converter stops working properly. It is not well understood why this particular mixture of oxides can achieve the role as a oxygen buffer and why its lifetime is limited. In order to address this issue and to understand the structural interplay at the ceria/zirconia interface, we studied the atomic structure of ultra-thin ceria layers deposited on single crystals of (001) oriented Y-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), in situ, during annealing in air using the synchrotron x-ray surface diffraction technique. Scattering intensity in the surface diffraction experiments is low since the scattering volume is limited to few atomic layers at the surface. To overcome this difficulty we applied, for the first time,more » the energy dispersive mode of x-ray diffraction in the surface scattering experiment. This method uses a white radiation source, and the structural information is obtained by the spectroscopy of the diffracted x-rays measured at a fixed diffraction angle. The spectrum of the diffracted x-rays is obtained by the use of a solid state detector, such as an intrinsic Ge or Li-drifted Si detector, combined with a multi-channel pulse height analyzer (MCA).« less
Identification, Nuclear Localization, and Binding Activities of OZF, A Human Protein Solely Composed of Zinc‐Finger Motifs (1996)

The OZF cDNA was identified in a human mammary cell line and encodes a polypeptide solely composed of ten zinc-finger motifs which belongs to the Kruppel family of zinc-finger proteins. The OZF protein produced in Escherichia coli binds zinc ions, DNA and heparin. These binding activities are characteristic of zinc-finger proteins. Immunochemical analysis using antibodies produced against the recombinant protein detected its expression in human mammary epithelial cells but not in stroma cells, which is consistent with the pattern of expression observed at the RNA level in cell cultures. Western blot analysis demonstrated the expression of a 33-kDa nuclear protein similar in size to the predicted protein and therefore excluded the presence of an additional trans-acting domain. These data establish the unique structure of the OZF protein which is distinct from previously identified zinc-finger proteins. In addition, OZF protein overexpression was found in a tumor cell line, which suggests a possible involvement in carcinogenesis.
A tubulin binding molecule drives differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cells (2022)

Despite much progress in developing better drugs, many patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) still die within a year of diagnosis. This is partly because it is difficult to identify therapeutic targets that are effective across multiple AML subtypes. One common factor across AML subtypes is the presence of a block in differentiation. Overcoming this block should allow for the identification of therapies that are not dependent on a specific mutation for their efficacy. Here, we used a phenotypic screen to identify compounds that stimulate differentiation in genetically diverse AML cell lines. Lead compounds were shown to decrease tumor burden and to increase survival <i>in vivo</i>. Using multiple complementary target deconvolution approaches, these compounds were revealed to be anti-mitotic tubulin disruptors that cause differentiation by inducing a G2-M mitotic arrest. Together, these results reveal a function for tubulin disruptors in causing differentiation of AML cells.
Cytosolic and intranuclear calcium signals in rat basophilic leukemia cells as revealed by a confocal fluorescence Microscope (1992)

A confocal fluorescence microscope with an argon‐ion laser (488 nm) and a He‐Cd laser (325 nm) was used to study spatial heterogeneity of the calcium signals in rat basophilic leukemia 2H3 cloned cell line (RBL‐2H3). After stimulation with antigen (2,4‐dinitrophenol‐conjugated bovine serum albumin), fluo‐3‐fluorescence intensities increased in individual RBL‐2H3 cells with different lag times. Time‐dependent profiles of the fluo‐3‐fluorescence intensities resembled closely the patterns of the sequential fluorescence‐ratio images of fura‐2, which were used to measure the intracellular free‐calcium concentration ([Ca 2+ ] i ) in individual RBL‐2H3 cells using a conventional fluorescence microscope. The present results obtained using the confocal fluorescence microscope showed spatial heterogeneities of fluo‐3‐fluorescence intensities, suggesting the existence of spatial heterogeneity of [Ca 2+ ] i in RBL‐2H3 cells. That is, the results showed that calcium signals first occurred transiently at pseudopodia in RBL‐2H3 cells, then the signals transferred to the central parts of the cells. In addition, from the fluorescence images of co‐loaded Hoechst 33342 (bisbenzimide H 33342, a DNA‐specific probe) which were produced by excitation with a He‐Cd laser, it was found that the fluorescence images of the nucleus were quite similar to those of the calcium signals mentioned above. This suggested that the receptor‐mediated calcium signals were transferred not only to the cytoplasm but also to the nucleus.
Vision-Based Framework to Estimate Robot Configuration and Kinematic Constraints (2018)

This paper addresses the problem of estimating the configuration of robots with no proprioceptive sensors and with kinematic constraints while performing tasks. Our work is motivated by the use of unsensored (industrial) manipulators, currently teleoperated in rudimentary ways, in hazardous environments, such as nuclear decommissioning. For such robots, basic proprioceptive sensors are often unavailable. Even if radiation-hardened sensors could be retrofitted, such manipulators are typically deployed on a mobile base, while equipped with powerful end-effector tools for forceful contact tasks, which significantly perturb the robot base. This work contributes a step towards enabling advanced control and increased autonomy in nuclear applications, but could also be applied to mechanically compliant, under-actuated arms and hands, and soft manipulators. Our proposed framework: estimates the robot configuration by casting it as an optimization problem using visually tracked information; detects contacts during task execution; triggers an exploration task for detected kinematic constraints, which are then modelled by comparing observed versus commanded velocity vectors. Unlike previous literature, no additional sensors are required. We demonstrate our method on a KUKA iiwa 14 R820, reliably estimating and controlling robot motions and checking our estimates against ground truth values, and accurately reconstructing kinematic constraints.
Fast rate of dead core for fast diffusion equation with strong absorption (2010)

This paper deals with the dead core problem for the fast diffusionequation with strong absorption and positive boundary values. Weprove that the dead core rate is faster than the one given by thecorresponding ODE, which is contrary to the known results for therelated extinction, quenching and blow up problems. Moreover, wefind the dead core rate is quite unstable: the ODE rate can berecovered if the absorption term is replaced by $-a(t,x)u^p$ for asuitable bounded, uniformly positive function $a(t,x)$. As anapplication of the above results, some new and relatively simpleexamples of fast blow up are provided, and a phenomenon of strongsensitivity to gradient perturbations is exhibited. Furthermore, theblow up rate is found to depend on a constant in the perturbationterm, and sharp estimates are also obtained for the profile of deadcore and blow up.
The use of cardio-green for intraoperative visualization of the coronary circulation: evaluation of myocardial toxicity. (1987)

Direct visualization of the extent and adequacy of the coronary blood flow distribution can be performed intraoperatively with an intracoronary injection of indocyanine green dye (Cardio-Green). Because Cardio-Green is potentially toxic to the myocardium, we studied its effects on the mechanical performance of cardiac muscle, using human right atrial trabeculae contracting in vitro. In the first series of experiments, muscles were exposed to 25 mg/ml of Cardio-Green (a concentration 100 times greater than what would be used clinically); no significant alteration in cardiac mechanics was found when evaluated by the force-frequency relationship. To establish the concentration at which Cardio-Green would be toxic, an accumulated dose-response relationship was determined. When a polynomial regression analysis was done, the results best fit a parabolic curve: At high doses, Cardio-Green was found to be negatively inotropic. The estimated concentration that would evoke a 50% decrease in developed force was 41.96 mg/ml. The results show that intracoronary injection of Cardio-Green at clinical doses up to 0.3 mg/ml does not affect myocardial muscle performance. Safe intraoperative use depends on appropriate low doses.
AN INTENSIFIED DOSING OF ENTERIC-COATED MYCOPHENOLATE SODIUM IN RENAL TRANSPLANT PATIENTS RESULTS IN IMPROVED EFFICACY WITHOUT COMPROMISING SAFETY: 1 YEAR FOLLOW-UP RESULTS (2010)

Arns, W.1; Zeier, M.2; Glander, P.3; Ariatabar, T.4; Kramer, S.4; Vogel, E.4; Sommerer, C.5; Budde, K.6 Author Information
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of (‐)‐Cucurbitine. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Determination of Trace Elements in Plant Material by Fluorescent X-Ray Analysis (1961)

Abstract A method is presented for the determination of trace elements in plant materials. The samples were composed of organic material, which was eliminated by wet ashing, large amounts of group I and II elements, and many trace elements of interest in the concentration range 0.1–100 ppm. An attempt to achieve preconcentration of the trace elements by absorption on cation-exchange membrane (which could have been used directly for analysis) was unsuccessful because of preferential absorption and saturation of the membrane by group I and II cations. Formation of complex-metal anions in acid solution and absorption on anion-exchange resin was more successful, but, because of a lack of precision and incomplete absorption, the technique was inadequate. In the most successful preconcentration scheme, an organo-metallic precipitation was used in a matrix suitable for X-ray analysis. In this precipitate the elements Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Co, Mo, Cr, Ni, Ti, V, Ca, Sn, Sc, Ba, and Pb could be quantitatively determined. In many cases the lower limit of detection was 0.01 ppm. The accuracy and precision of the technique were proved by comparison to chemically analyzed samples, recovery experiments, and replicate analyses. The method is generally applicable for the analysis of many organic materials.
Forholdet mellom næringslivet og UoH-sektoren – et krevende mangfold (2000)

Kirke-, undervisnings og forskningsdepartementet har gitt NIFU i oppdrag å belyse forholdet mellom næringslivet og UoH-sektoren. Departementet har understreket behovet for et bredt fokus som inkluderer både forskning, rekruttering og utdanning, og behovet for å trekke inn erfaringer fra begge sektorer. I rapporten har vi tatt med informasjon fra en rekke undersøkelser som på ulike måter belyser forbindelser på tvers av sektorer. Vi benytter relevant statistikk, og vi har i tillegg gjennomført intervjuer med sentrale personer i næringsliv og UoH-sektoren. Samlet gir dette et skritt i retning av en bred kartlegging av forbindelser på tvers av sektorer og et bilde av hvilke problemstillinger som krever videre studier.