gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Häufigkeit, Risikoverteilung und Therapie bei Patienten mit gastroenteropankreatischen neuroendokrinen Tumoren (GEP-NET) in Vorpommern (2011)

Einleitung: In Europa hat die ENETS (European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society) 2006 und 2008 Leitlinien zum Management von Patienten mit GEP-NET veröffentlicht. Bislang gibt es nur wenige Informationen darüber, in welchem Umfang diese Empfehlungen in der alltäglichen Versorgungssituation von Patienten umgesetzt werden. Wir haben untersucht, in welchem Umfang GEP-NET-Leitlinien in der ländlichen und dezentralen Versorgungsstruktur in Vorpommern umgesetzt werden.
Encapsulated mesenchymal stromal cells for in vivo transplantation (2011)

Immunomodulatory human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC) have been incorporated into therapeutic protocols to treat secondary inflammatory responses post-spinal cord injury (SCI) in animal models. However, limitations with direct hMSC implantation approaches may prevent effective translation for therapeutic development of hMSC infusion into post-SCI treatment protocols. To circumvent these limitations, we investigated the efficacy of alginate microencapsulation in developing an implantable vehicle for hMSC delivery. Viability and secretory function were maintained within the encapsulated hMSC population, and hMSC secreted anti-inflammatory cytokines upon induction with the pro-inflammatory factors, TNF-α and IFN-γ. Furthermore, encapsulated hMSC modulated inflammatory macrophage function both in vitro and in vivo, even in the absence of direct hMSC-macrophage cell contact and promoted the alternative M2 macrophage phenotype. In vitro, this was evident by a reduction in macrophage iNOS expression with a concomitant increase in CD206, a marker for M2 macrophages. Finally, Sprague-Dawley rat spinal cords were injured at vertebra T10 via a weight drop model (NYU model) and encapsulated hMSC were administered via lumbar puncture 24 h post-injury. Encapsulated hMSC localized primarily in the cauda equina of the spinal cord. Histological assessment of spinal cord tissue 7 days post-SCI indicated that as few as 5 × 10(4) encapsulated hMSC yielded increased numbers of CD206-expressing macrophages, consistent with our in vitro studies. The combined findings support the inclusion of immobilized hMSC in post-CNS trauma tissue protective therapy, and suggest that conversion of macrophages to the M2 subset is responsible, at least in part, for tissue protection.
[Measurement of colon transit time]. (1990)

Several methods have been described to measure colonic transit times. The physical properties of all types of markers used allow to analyze and quantify them in stool samples or in the colon. The selective measurement of colonic (ceco-anal) transit time requires complicated intubation techniques. For most purposes it is sufficient to approximate the colonic transit by the whole gut transit, since oro-cecal transit time usually is only about a tenth of whole gut transit time. For this purpose the marker can be administered orally. In order to measure segmental colonic transit times it is necessary to monitor the distribution of the markers within the colon. For that purpose scintigraphic techniques are suited, but they require special equipment and are time consuming. Radio-opaque pellets, in contrast, are cheap, easy to handle, and have no known side effects. The following procedure is recommended: the patient swallows a gelatin capsule which contains 20 radio-opaque pellets on each of 6 consecutive days at the same time when on day seven a single abdominal x-ray is obtained. Then, segmental and total colonic transit times can be calculated from the number of retained pellets.
Total counts of benthos during YASNOGORSK cruise 90WKC390 (2016)

Matishov, Gennady G; Zuyev, Aleksey N; Golubev, Valery A; Adrov, Nikolai M; Timofeev, Sergey F; Karamusko, O; Pavlova, L; Fadyakin, O; Buzan, A; Braunstein, A; Moiseev, Denis; Smolyar, I V; Locarnini, Ricardo A; Tatusko, R; Boyer, Timothy P; Levitus, Sydney (2016): Total counts of benthos during YASNOGORSK cruise 90WKC390 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.857378
ADAR1 Is Required for Dendritic Cell Subset Homeostasis and Alveolar Macrophage Function (2019)

RNA editing by adenosine deaminases acting on dsRNA (ADAR) has become of increasing medical relevance, particularly because aberrant ADAR1 activity has been associated with autoimmunity and malignancies. However, the role of ADAR1 in dendritic cells (DC), representing critical professional APCs, is unknown. We have established conditional murine CD11c Cre-mediated ADAR1 gene ablation, which did not induce general apoptosis in CD11c<sup>+</sup> cells but instead manifests in cell type-specific effects in DC subpopulations. Bone marrow-derived DC subset analysis revealed an incapacity to differentiate CD103 DC<sup>+</sup> in both bulk bone marrow and purified pre-DC lineage progenitor assays. ADAR1 deficiency further resulted in a preferential systemic loss of CD8<sup>+</sup>/CD103<sup>+</sup> DCs, revealing critical dependency on ADAR1, whereas other DC subpopulations were moderately affected or unaffected. Additionally, alveolar macrophages were depleted and dysfunctional, resembling pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. These results reveal an unrecognized role of ADAR1 in DC subset homeostasis and unveils the cell type-specific effects of RNA editing.
Power grid vulnerability to geographically correlated failures &#x2014; Analysis and control implications (2014)

We consider line outages in the transmission network of the power grid, and specifically those caused by natural disasters or large-scale physical attacks. In such networks, an outage of a line may lead to overload on other lines, thereby leading to their outage. Such a cascade may have devastating effects not only on the power grid but also on the interconnected communication networks. We study a model of such failures and show that it differs from other models used to analyze cascades (e.g., epidemic/percolation-based models). Inspired by methods developed for network-survivability analysis, we show how to identify the most vulnerable locations in the network. We also perform extensive numerical experiments with real grid data to estimate the effects of geographically correlated outages and briefly discuss mitigation methods. The developed techniques can indicate potential locations for grid monitoring, and hence, will have impact on the deployment of the smart-grid networking infrastructure.
Cysteine tRNAs of plant origin as novel UGA suppressors (1995)

We have isolated and sequenced chloroplast (chl) and cytoplasmic (cyt) cysteine tRNAs from Nicotiana rustics. Both tRNAs carry a GCA antlcodon but beyond that differ considerably in their nucleotide sequences. One obvious distinction resides in the presence of N6-isopentenyladenoslne (i6A) and 1-methylguanosine (m1G) at position 37 in chl and cyt tRNACys respectively. In order to study the potential suppressor activity of tRNAsCys we used in vitro synthesized zein mRNA transcripts in which an internal UGA stop codon had been placed in either the tobacco rattle virus (TRV) or tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)specific codon context. In vitro translation was carried out in a messenger- and tRNA-dependent wheat germ extract. Both tRNACys isoacceptors stimulate read-through over the UGA stop codon, however, chl tRNA is more efficient than the cytoplasmic counterpart. The UGA in the two viral codon contexts is suppressed to about the same extent by either of the two tRNAs, whereas UGA in the (i-globin context is not recognized at all. The Interaction of tRNAGCACys with UGA requires an unconventional G: A base pair in the wobble position, as postulated earlier for plant tRNAGψACys misreading the UAA stop codon. This is the first case that a cysteineaccepting tRNA has been characterized as a natural UGA suppressor.
Measurement and research of electrical properties of new insulating material of pipeline transmission (2016)

In order to meet the requirements of UHV transmission and ultra-large capacity, Safety and reliability, developing a new type of high voltage and low cost insulation material has been the key problem in the development of UHV transmission equipment. In this paper, the dielectric properties of a new polymer cement concrete insulation material have been studied. The component and the manufacture process of PCC insulations have been optimized and the samples have been made. Breakdown test, volume resistivity, dielectric spectroscopy and space charge measurement have been used to study its dielectric properties. As shown in the test results, the breakdown strength of the PCC insulations can reach up to 11 kV/mm, its volume resistivity is around 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sup> Ω·cm. Its permittivity decreases with the frequency and the dielectric loss can reach a peak value upon 1 Hz and then starts to decrease. As seen from the space charge measurement results, homocharge can be found in the vicinity of the electrode and heterocharge accumulates in the middle region and the total amount of the accumulated charge increases with time.
P3‐349: Relationship between cholinergic signaling and cell bioenergetics (2012)

Cholinesterase inhibition constitutes the main approach used to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. While this strategy's underlying rationale is clear, translationally-oriented, mechanistic-based assessments of the ways in which increased cholinergic tone impacts neuron function are lacking. Since magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) suggest cholinesterase inhibitor therapy affects brain bioenergetics, we assessed the relationship between increased cholinergic signaling and cell bioenergetics in human neuroblastoma cells. SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were treated with carbachol, a cholinergic agonist. How carbachol acutely affected mitochondrial oxygen consumption and glycolysis activity were determined using a Seahorse XF analyzer. Nicotinic and muscarinic receptor inhibitors, as well as inhibitors of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum calcium (SERCA) channel, were used to determine the contribution of nicotinic and muscarinic receptor stimulation to these key bioenergetic fluxes. Cell ATP levels were measured using a luminescence assay, and the effects of cholinergic signaling on AMPK, a kinase that monitors cell energy bioenergetic status and promotes mitochondrial biogenesis, was immunochemically assessed. Carbachol rapidly increased both oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis fluxes. This resulted in a small overall net ATP increase that was partly mitigated by an increased energy demand. This energy flux impact was mediated through muscarinic receptor activation, and appeared to relate to ER-calcium release and re-uptake. Despite the small net increase in cell energy levels, AMPK activation was observed. These data suggest and provide a mechanism through which cholinesterase inhibition may weakly stimulate brain bioenergetics. Our finding that increasing muscarinic signaling increases mitochondrial oxygen consumption, cell glucose consumption, and AMPK activity could potentially account for observations of increased N-acetyl aspartate on MRS and increased glucose utilization on FDG PET. Our data suggest a potential mechanism through which cholinesterase inhibition therapy could, at least theoretically, yield a disease-modifying effect.
Morgain La Fee as the Principle of Unity in Gawain and the Green Knight (1962)

Research Article| March 01 1962 Morgain La Fée as the Principle of Unity in Gawain and the Green Knight Mother Angela Carson, O.S.U. Mother Angela Carson, O.S.U. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Modern Language Quarterly (1962) 23 (1): 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1215/00267929-23-1-3 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Mother Angela Carson; Morgain La Fée as the Principle of Unity in Gawain and the Green Knight. Modern Language Quarterly 1 March 1962; 23 (1): 3–16. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00267929-23-1-3 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsModern Language Quarterly Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 1962 by Duke University Press1962 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Articles You do not currently have access to this content.
Tuning hydrophobicity of a fluorinated terpolymer in differently assembled thin films (2017)

In the current report, casting from good solvent (acetone) and casting from mixed solvent and nonsolvent were employed for preparing thin films of terpolymer of Tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), Hexafluoropropylene (HFP), and Vinylidene fluoride (VDF) (THV), on silicon wafers. These films revealed various morphologies and wetting behaviors depending on the solution concentration, temperature, and thin film preparation method. The THV thin films prepared by casting from good solvent showed smooth morphology with holes. The thin film prepared from a 3 wt % THV/acetone solution by casting from good solvent at 15 °C demonstrated spheres in addition to the smooth morphology, while the thin film prepared from a 5 wt % THV/acetone solution at 15 °C by casting from good solvent had a mesh-like structure with some linked spheres. Casting the thin films from mixed solvent and nonsolvent resulted in various morphologies such as different sphere sizes embedded in a dense film layer, and hexagonal close packed structures. The thin films prepared by casting from good solvent showed a slightly hydrophobic character, with a measured water contact angle of approximately 99°, while the nonsolvent cast films had a water contact angle as high as 145°. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 643–657
[Effect of a reducing diet on metabolic disorders in ischemic heart disease patients having excess weight]. (1980)

The paper concerns the effect of the diet with a strongly reduced content of carbohydrates, with a restriction of table salt and extractive substances on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, on catecholamine secretion and exocrine pancreatic function in patients with ischemic heart disease accompanied by overweight and disturbed carbohydrate tolerance. Dietetics has a normalizing action on the body overweight, lipid composition and lipoproteid spectrum, as well as on the enhanced activity of serum trypsin. Moreover, it makes the blood content of immunoreactive insulin return partially to normal.
Pioneer Factors, Genetic Competence, and Inductive Signaling: Programming Liver and Pancreas Progenitors from the Endoderm (2008)

The endoderm is a multipotent progenitor cell population in the embryo that gives rise to the liver, pancreas, and other cell types and provides paradigms for understanding cell-type specification. Studies of isolated embryo tissue cells and genetic approaches in vivo have defined fibroblast growth factor/mitogen-activated protein kinase (FGF/MAPK) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathways that induce liver and pancreatic fates in the endoderm. In undifferentiated endoderm cells, the FoxA and GATA transcription factors are among the first to engage silent genes, helping to endow competence for cell-type specification. FoxA proteins can bind their target sites in highly compacted chromatin and open up the local region for other factors to bind; hence, they have been termed "pioneer factors." We recently found that FoxA proteins remain bound to chromatin in mitosis, as an epigenetic mark. In embryonic stem cells, which lack FoxA, FoxA target sites can be occupied by FoxD3, which in turn helps to maintain a local demethylation of chromatin. By these means, a cascade of Fox factors helps to endow progenitor cells with the competence to activate genes in response to tissue-inductive signals. Understanding such epigenetic mechanisms for transcriptional competence coupled with knowledge of the relevant signals for cell-type specification should greatly facilitate efforts to predictably differentiate stem cells to liver and pancreatic fates.
Hydrolysis of Ethylene and Dimethyl Sulfite and the Origin of Strain in Cyclic Esters (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrolysis of Ethylene and Dimethyl Sulfite and the Origin of Strain in Cyclic EstersRobert Earl. DavisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 4, 599–604Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1962https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00863a020RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views197Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (697 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Effect of Mannitol, Saline, and Urea on the Function of a Recently Autotransplanted Kidney (1966)

MINIMIZING ischemic damage to a donor kidney to insure prompt function is an important factor in successful renal homotransplantation. The purpose of this experiment was to test if mannitol would be useful for this purpose and to compare its effectiveness and possible mechanism of action with that of saline and urea. <h3>Methods</h3> Twenty-three dogs were anesthetized with pentobarbital (Nembutal) and placed on a respirator with room air. Carotid-artery pressure was continuously recorded. Test solutions were injected into an external jugular catheter. The left kidney was excised and connected to the right iliac vessels. Bilateral catheters were inserted. Twenty percent mannitol, 20% urea, 6.7% urea, and normal saline were injected over three to four minutes using the following doses: 20% mannitol at 500 mg/kg (2.5 cc/kg); 20% urea at 500 mg/kg (2.5 cc/kg); 6.7% urea at 167 mg/kg (2.5 cc/kg); normal saline at 2.5 cc/kg. Solutions of 6.7% and 20% urea
Anatomy of the mitral valve: understanding the mitral valve complex in mitral regurgitation (2010)

Imaging the mitral valve requires an understanding of the normal anatomy and how this complex structure is altered by disease states. Mitral regurgitation is increasingly prevalent. Despite the fall in rheumatic disease, it is the second most common valvular lesion seen in adults in Europe. In this review, the morphology of the normal and abnormal valve is reconsidered in relation to the key structures, with a view to aiding the reader in understanding how this might relate to echocardiographic identification of abnormalities.
PAR Genes: Molecular Probes to Pathological Assessment in Breast Cancer Progression (2011)

Taking the issue of tumor categorization a step forward and establish molecular imprints to accompany histopathological assessment is a challenging task. This is important since often patients with similar clinical and pathological tumors may respond differently to a given treatment. Protease-activated receptor-(1) (PAR(1)), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), is the first member of the mammalian PAR family consisting of four genes. PAR(1) and PAR(2) play a central role in breast cancer. The release of N-terminal peptides during activation and the exposure of a cryptic internal ligand in PARs, endow these receptors with the opportunity to serve as a "mirror-image" index reflecting the level of cell surface PAR(1&2)-in body fluids. It is possible to use the levels of PAR-released peptide in patients and accordingly determine the choice of treatment. We have both identified PAR(1) C-tail as a scaffold site for the immobilization of signaling partners, and the critical minimal binding site. This binding region may be used for future therapeutic modalities in breast cancer, since abrogation of the binding inhibits PAR(1) induced breast cancer. Altogether, both PAR(1) and PAR(2) may serve as molecular probes for breast cancer diagnosis and valuable targets for therapy.
Patient Acceptance of Routine Serial Postoperative Endoscopy Following Low Anterior Resection (LAR) and Its Ability to Detect Biomarkers in Anastomotic Lavage Fluid (2021)

SES can be implemented in patients undergoing LAR with a high degree of patient compliance and capture of biologic information and imaging. Application of this approach has the potential to uncover, for the first time, the natural history of normal versus pathologic anastomotic healing in patients undergoing anastomotic surgery.
Supplementary Table 1 from Dual Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor for Focal Adhesion Kinase and Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Receptor Exhibits Anticancer Effect in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma <i>In vitro</i> and <i>In vivo</i> (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from Dual Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor for Focal Adhesion Kinase and Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Receptor Exhibits Anticancer Effect in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma &lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt;
Near-Field Characteristics of Elliptic Coaxial Jets (2004)

Coaxial jets, in which an annular jet surrounds a central jet, arise in numerous combustion applications due to their vigorous mixing characteristics. To understand the effects of a elliptic coflow on a circular inner jet flow-field, the near-field flow characteristics of a turbulent elliptical coaxial jet with 0.55 and 1.45 velocity ratios (m = Uo/Ui) were numerically computed and experimentally measured. The flow characteristics were compared with a baseline condition (circular coflow). An annular exit velocity of approximately 22.0 m/s was used for the circular and elliptical coaxial nozzle. Elliptical coflow analyses reveal the jet approaching symmetry at x = 30.48 cm. The first half of axis switching is captured in the numeric simulations. A dependence on the outer structures with different velocity ratios is observed in the elliptical coflow jet. Radial u velocity plots show a wider jet produced on the major axis plane. Merging of the inner and outer flow occurs earlier with a velocity ratio of 0.55. The coflow analyses show a higher concentration of turbulent kinetic energy in the outer shear layer. The rms axial velocity is minimal, less than 0.5 m/s at the center of the jet up to x = 25.4 cm for both velocity ratios, and increases away from the centerline with the maximum value where the outer shear layer forms.