gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P4–285: SAR228810: An antiprotofibrillar beta‐amyloid antibody designed to reduce risk of amyloid‐related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) (2013)

SAR228810 is a humanized monoclonal antibody (mAb) binding specifically to soluble protofibrillar and fibrillar forms of Aβ peptide. Compared to other anti-A β mAb, SAR228810 does not neutralize soluble Aβ monomers or low molecular weight Aβ complexes. Accordingly, SAR228810 binds to congophilic amyloid plaques (present only in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients) and not to Aβ diffuse deposits (present in most aged cases). SAR228810 was designed with an engineered immunoglobulin G4 framework that reduces risk of ARIA. The IgG1 framework of other anti-amyloid mAb carries the risk of Fc g receptor-mediated overactivation of microglial cells, which may contribute to an inappropriate proinflammatory response leading to vasogenic edema and cerebral microhemorrhage. Proinflammatory effects might also compromise any potential clinical improvements that these drugs could bring. SAR228810 has very low binding affinity to human activating FcγRs and no binding to C1q, demonstrating very low effector functions. SAR228810 derives from a parent murine mAb, SAR255952, with very low effector functions. SAR255952 and SAR228810 were administered weekly intraperitoneally inAPP transgenic mice (APP SL line). SAR255952 dose-dependently reduced brain Aβ accumulation and amyloid plaque formation as well as plaque-related inflammation in hippocampus. The effects of SAR255952 translated into synaptic functional improvement in ex-vivo hippocampal slices. SAR255952 showed activity from the dose of 3 mg/kg after dosing over 4 months. In agreement with its lack of binding to monomeric Aβ, SAR255952 does not lead to increase in plasma or CSF Aβ, further suggesting that SAR255952 remains unbound until it reaches its antigen in the brain (stealth antibody). The effect of the clinical candidate, SAR228810, was evaluated in the same model after induction of immunotolerance by transient depletion of CD4+ T lymphocytes. SAR228810 at 10 mg/kg/week showed the same level of efficacy as the murineSAR255952. SAR255952 (up to 50 mg/kg/week IV) did not increase brain microhemorrhages and/or microscopic changes in meningeal and cerebral arteries in old APPSL mice. Conversely, brain cortical microhemorrhages or degeneration/necrosis in meningeal and/or cerebral arteries was noted with 3D6, the murine antibody of bapineuzumab. Based on SAR228810 improved efficay/safety profile, a phase1 single and multiple dose administration clinical study in AD patientshas been initiated.
Efficient copper-free Sonogashira coupling of aryl chlorides with palladium on charcoal (2008)

Palladium on charcoal serves as an efficient and reusable solid supported catalyst for the Sonogashira coupling of aryl chlorides with terminal acetylenes in the presence of a bulky, electron-rich biphenyl type ligand (XPhos), without copper co-catalyst.
Dynamic condition monitoring of buried gas pipes (1991)

This paper describes a device which can be used to detect variation in the integrity of the surrounding medium which supports buried gas pipes. The method is also applicable to other kinds of pipe. Variation in pipe support condition leads to increased likelihood of pipe damage under vehicle loading. A vibrating 'pig' has been developed and tested on buried pipelines in Britain and the measured data obtained is compared with theoretical models. Certain features, such as voids, hard spots and joints, display characteristic responses to vibration and a library of such characteristics has been constructed both experimentally and from the theoretical models.
Glucose Metabolism in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (1974)

The metabolism of glucose was examined in several clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Radiorespirometric studies revealed that growing cells metabolized glucose by a combination on the Entner-Doudoroff and pentose phosphate pathways. A portion of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate formed via the Entner-Doudoroff pathway was recycled by conversion to glucose-6-phosphate. Subsequent catabolism of this glucose-6-phosphate by either the Entner-Doudoroff or pentose phosphate pathways yielded CO(2) from the original C6 of glucose. Enzyme analyses confirmed the presence of all enzymes of the Entner-Doudoroff, pentose phosphate, and Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathways. There was always a high specific activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) relative to that of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.44). The glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase utilized either nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as electron acceptor. Acetate was the only detectable nongaseous end product of glucose metabolism. Following the disappearance of glucose, acetate was metabolized by the tricarboxylic acid cycle as evidenced by the preferential oxidation of [1-(14)C]acetate over that of [2-(14)C]acetate. When an aerobically grown log-phase culture was subjected to anaerobic conditions, lactate and acetate were formed from glucose. Radiorespirometric studies showed that under these conditions, glucose was dissimilated entirely by the Entner-Doudoroff pathway. Further studies determined that this anaerobic dissimilation of glucose was not growth dependent.
Potential inhibitors of chikungunya and dengue viruses isolated from Malagasy plants (2011)

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) are two emerging arboviruses. CHIKV has recently re-emerged, causing massive epidemics that have moved from Africa throughout the Indian Ocean to India and Southeast Asia. In humans, it is responsible for an acute disease, characterized by a triad of fever, arthralgia and maculopapular rash. [1] Regarding the dengue fever, it affects more than 50 million people annually. [2] Increasing mortality and geographical expansion are the drastic changes noted in the recent epidemiology of the disease. No specific antiviral therapy is currently available, on the market, for these two diseases.
Prevention of High-Dose Chemotherapy–Induced Cardiotoxicity in High-Risk Patients by Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition (2006)

In high-risk, HDC-treated patients, defined by an increased troponin I value, early treatment with enalapril seems to prevent the development of late cardiotoxicity.
Murine femur micro-computed tomography and biomechanical datasets for an ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis model (2021)

The development of new effective and safer therapies for osteoporosis, in addition to improved diagnostic and prevention strategies, represents a serious need in the scientific community. Micro-CT image-based analyses in association with biomechanical testing have become pivotal tools in identifying osteoporosis in animal models by assessment of bone microarchitecture and resistance, as well as bone strength. Here, we describe a dataset of micro-CT scans and reconstructions of 15 whole femurs and biomechanical tests on contralateral femurs from C57BL/6JOlaHsd ovariectomized (OVX), resembling human post-menopausal osteoporosis, and sham operated (sham) female mice. Data provided for each mouse include: the acquisition images (.tiff), the reconstructed images (.bmp) and an.xls file containing the maximum attenuations for each reconstructed image. Biomechanical data include an.xls file with the recorded load-displacement, a movie with the filmed test and an.xls file collecting all biomechanical results.
Light Quark Masses from Lattice QCD (1996)

We present estimates of the masses of light quarks using lattice data. Our main results are based on a global analysis of all the published data for Wilson, Sheikholeslami-Wohlert (clover), and staggered fermions, both in the quenched approximation and with $n_f=2$ dynamical flavors. We find that the values of masses with the various formulations agree after extrapolation to the continuum limit for the $n_f=0$ theory. Our best estimates, in the MSbar scheme at $μ=2 GeV$, are $\mbar=3.4 +- 0.4 +- 0.3 MeV$ and $m_s = 100 +- 21 +- 10 MeV$ in the quenched approximation. The $n_f=2$ results, $\mbar = 2.7 +- 0.3 +- 0.3 MeV$ and $m_s = 68 +- 12 +- 7 MeV$, are preliminary. (A linear extrapolation in $n_f$ would further reduce these estimates for the physical case of three dynamical flavors.) These estimates are smaller than phenomenological estimates based on sum rules, but maintain the ratios predicted by chiral perturbation theory. The new results have a significant impact on the extraction of $ε'/ε$ from the Standard Model. Using the same lattice data we estimate the quark condensate using the Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation. Again the three formulations give consistent results after extrapolation to $a=0$, and the value turns out to be correspondingly larger, roughly preserving $m_s \vev{\bar ψψ}$.
The compatibility of LCD TVs with time-sequential stereoscopic 3D visualization (2009)

Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD) are now a popular display technology for consumer television applications. Our previous research has shown that conventional LCD computer monitors are not well suited to time-sequential stereoscopic visualization due to the scanning image update method, the hold-type operation of LCDs, and in some cases slow pixel response rate. Recently some new technologies are being used in LCD TVs to improve 2D motion reproduction - such as black frame insertion and 100/120Hz capability. This paper reports on the testing of a selection of recent LCD TVs to investigate their compatibility with the time-sequential stereoscopic display method - particularly investigating new display technologies. Aspects considered in this investigation include image update method, pixel response rate, maximum input frame rate, backlight operation, frame rate up-conversion technique, synchronization, etc. A more advanced Matlab program was also developed as part of this study to simulate and characterize 3D compatibility and calculate the crosstalk present on each display. The results of the project show that black frame insertion does improve 3D compatibility of LCDs but not to a sufficient level to produce good 3D results. Unfortunately 100/120Hz operation of the tested LCD did not improve 3D compatibility compared to the LCD monitors tested previously.
An overview of available and future technical solutions to reduce/optimize the energy consumption of Telecom equipment and networks (2009)

In the past years, increased environmental awareness from the community as well as government's commitment on energy efficiency have been converted to pressure on the ICT players to optimize their energy footprint. In the meantime, soaring energy price is impacting very seriously on their financial balance. In the last year, this effect has been temporarely attenuated as a side effect of the economic crisis, but it's expected to worsen both due to the future increase of the energy cost and to the punitive measures (such as differential pricing) being launched in many countries to boost energy efficient behaviours.
Bi-Directionally Amplified Extended Reach 40Gb/s CWDM-TDM PON with Burst-Mode Upstream Transmission (2011)

We demonstrate a 60-km CWDM-TDM PON with 40 Gb/s capacity both down and upstream. The system incorporates technologies such as volume manufacturable transmitters, burst-mode transmission, hybrid SOA-Raman amplifiers, and a cyclic CWDM multiplexer.
Galectin‐3, a β‐Galactoside‐Binding Animal Lectin, Binds to Neural Recognition Molecules (1995)

In this study, we have investigated the ability of galectin-3, a beta-galactoside-binding animal lectin, to interact in vitro with different neural tissue-derived glycoproteins involved in cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion. Galectin-3 interacted to varying degrees with the cell recognition molecules L1, the myelin-associated glycoprotein, and the neural cell adhesion molecule and the extracellular matrix molecules tenascin-C and tenascin-R but not with collagen type I. Binding of galectin-3 to the different glycoproteins tested was carbohydrate dependent and could be specifically inhibited by the addition of lactose and, to a lesser extent, galactose.
Evaluation of the Validity of Back-Translation as a Method of Assessing the Accuracy of Machine Translation (2015)

Inaccurate translation prevents effective communication between individuals and leads to misunderstandings. Back-translation is a process used to check the accuracy of a sentence by translating it to the checker's native language. We believe that there is a positive correlation between the accuracy of sentences translated to a target language and that of back-translated sentences. Some studies have discussed the validity of back-translation from the standpoint of the performance evaluation of machine translation systems and concluded that back-translation was unsuitable for checking translation accuracy. However, this result has been derived from the process of verification of whether there was a positive correlation between the accuracy of target-translated sentences and that of back-translated sentences. This mode of verification is not suitable to human verification of back-translation. In this paper, we verified the validity of back-translation from the standpoint of a human checker. We focused on differences that tend to occur between checkers, and determined whether there were differences between target- and back-translated sentences. Our study's contribution can be summarized as follows: (1) we examined the co-occurrence rate of each evaluated value in the same sentence and revealed possible differences in evaluated values between checkers, and (2) we defined an acceptable range of accuracy mismatch based on these differences. Moreover, we revealed how the rate of accuracy mismatch changes with the extension of the acceptable range, which can be different for different purposes. Our results enable people to judge whether they can use back-translation for their purposes.
Par6G suppresses cell proliferation and is targeted by loss-of-function mutations in multiple cancers (2015)

Differentiated epithelial structure communicates with individual constituent epithelial cells to suppress their proliferation activity. However, the pathways linking epithelial structure to cessation of the cell proliferation machinery or to unscheduled proliferation in the context of tumorigenesis are not well defined. Here we demonstrate the strong impact of compromised epithelial integrity on normal and oncogenic Myc-driven proliferation in three-dimensional mammary epithelial organoid culture. Systematic silencing of 34 human homologs of Drosophila genes, with previously established functions in control of epithelial integrity, demonstrates a role for human genes of apico-basal polarity, Wnt and Hippo pathways and actin dynamics in regulation of the size, integrity and cell proliferation in organoids. Perturbation of these pathways leads to diverse functional interactions with Myc: manifested as a RhoA-dependent synthetic lethality and Par6-dependent effects on the cell cycle. Furthermore, we show a role for Par6G as a negative regulator of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1/Akt pathway and epithelial cell proliferation and evidence for frequent inactivation of Par6G gene in epithelial cancers. The findings demonstrate that determinants of epithelial structure regulate the cell proliferation activity via conserved and cancer-relevant regulatory circuitries, which are important for epithelial cell cycle restriction and may provide new targets for therapeutic intervention.
AL-PHA beads: Bioplastic-based protease biosensors for global health applications (2021)

Proteases are multi-functional proteolytic enzymes that have complex roles in human health and disease. Therefore, the development of protease biosensors can be beneficial to global health applications. To this end, we developed Advanced proteoLytic detector PolyHydroxyAlkanoates (AL-PHA) beads – a library of over 20 low-cost, biodegradable, bioplastic-based protease biosensors. Broadly, these biosensors utilise PhaC-reporter fusion proteins that are bound to microbially manufactured polyhydroxyalkanoate beads. In the presence of a specific protease, superfolder green fluorescent reporter proteins are cleaved from the AL-PHA beads – resulting in a loss of bead fluorescence. The Tobacco Etch Virus (TEV) AL-PHA biosensor detected the proteolytic activity of at least 1.85 pM of AcTEV. AL-PHA beads were also engineered to detect cercarial elastase from Schistosoma mansoni-derived cercarial transformation fluid (SmCTF) samples, as well as cancer-associated metalloproteinases in extracellular vesicle and cell-conditioned media samples. We envision that AL-PHA beads could be further developed for use in resource-limited settings.
Clinical and Pathophysiological Features of Amaurosis Fugax in Japanese Stroke Patients. (2000)

In this series of patients, AmF was mainly caused by thromboembolism from IC-CA atheromatous lesions. Micro-thromboemboli from the ECA or hemodynamic retinal vascular insufficiency, although less frequent, should also be considered as possible etiologies for AmF.
Covert Communications Without Channel State Information at Receiver in IoT systems (2020)

Covert communications can hide the very existence of wireless transmissions and thus are able to address privacy issues in numerous applications of the emerging Internet of Things (IoT). In this article, we adopt channel inversion power control (CIPC) to achieve covert communications in Rayleigh fading wireless networks, where a transmitter can possibly hide itself from a warden while transmitting information to a receiver. The CIPC can guarantee a constant signal power at the receiver, which removes the requirement that the receiver has to know the channel state information in order to coherently decode the transmitter's signal. Specifically, we examine the performance of the achieved covert communications in terms of the effective covert rate (ECR), which quantifies the amount of information that the transmitter can reliably convey to the receiver subject to the warden's total error probability being no less than some specific value. The noise uncertainty at the warden serves as the enabler of covert communications. For fairness, we also consider noise uncertainty at the legitimate receiver. Our examination shows that increasing the noise uncertainty at the warden and the receiver simultaneously may not continuously improve the ECR achieved in the considered system model.
Purification and Characterization of a Proteasome from the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus (1997)

A 640-kDa proteasome consisting of (alpha) (25-kDa) and (beta) (22-kDa) subunits, and with a temperature optimum of 95(deg)C, was purified from crude cell extracts of a hyperthermophilic archaeon, Pyrococcus furiosus. Although this is the fourth member of the kingdom Euryarchaeota (and the first hyperthermophile) found to contain a proteasome, none has been identified among the members of the kingdom Crenarchaeota.
All-Optical Reservoir Computing on a Photonic Chip Using Silicon-Based Ring Resonators (2018)

We present in our work numerical results on the performance of a 4 × 4 swirl-topology photonic reservoir integrated on a silicon chip. Nonlinear microring resonators are used as nodes. We analyze the performance of such a reservoir on a classical nonlinear Boolean task (the delayed XOR task) for: various designs of the reservoir in terms of lengths of the waveguides between consecutive nodes, and various injection parameters (injected power and optical detuning). From this analysis, we find that this kind of reservoir can perform-for a large variety of parameters-the delayed XOR task at 20 Gb/s with bit error rates lower than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> and an averaged injection power lower than 2.5 mW.
Multi-sensor navigation system for an autonomous helicopter (2003)

Autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) require avionics systems that enable them to maintain a stable attitude and to follow a desired flight path. This paper considers the design and development of such an avionics system that provides navigational and terrain information to the flight computer of a rotorcraft UAV. The process includes the design and testing of flight hardware and software that interprets sensor data. The paper provides an overview of a specific implementation of the approach: the GTMax testbed developed at the Georgia Institute of Technology UAV research facility. Its available payload and performance allows for a variety of onboard sensors, supports reconfiguration, and has the capability to demonstrate aggressive maneuvers under complex and changing mission scenarios.
Effect of conductive hearing loss on central auditory function (2016)

The results suggest reduced auditory temporal processing ability in adults with CHL compared to normal hearing subjects. Therefore, developing a clinical protocol to evaluate auditory temporal processing in this population is recommended.
Th2 cells promote eosinophil‐independent pathology in a murine model of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (2020)

Repeated inhalation of airborne conidia derived from the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus (Af) can lead to a severe eosinophil-dominated inflammatory condition of the lung termed allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). ABPA affects about 5 million individuals worldwide and the mechanisms regulating lung pathology in ABPA are poorly understood. Here, we used a mouse model of ABPA to investigate the role of eosinophils and T cell-derived IL-4/IL-13 for induction of allergic lung inflammation. Selective deletion of IL-4/IL-13 in T cells blunted the Af-induced lung eosinophilia and further resulted in lower expression of STAT6-regulated chemokines and effector proteins such as Arginase 1, Relm-α, Relm-β, and Muc5a/c. Eosinophil-deficient ΔdblGata mice showed lower IL-4 expression in the lung and the number of Th2 cells in the lung parenchyma was reduced. However, expression of the goblet cell markers Clca1 and Muc5a/c, abundance of mucin-positive cells, as well as weight gain of lungs were comparable between Af-challenged ΔdblGata and WT mice. Based on these results, we conclude that T cell-derived IL-4/IL-13 is essential for Af-induced lung eosinophilia and inflammation while eosinophils may play a more subtle immunomodulatory role and should not simply be regarded as pro-inflammatory effector cells in ABPA.
Opto-VLSI based reconfigurable photonic RF bandpass filters (2003)

In this paper, the capability of Opto-VLSI processors to generate reconfigurable diffractive gratings is utilised to efficiently control the optical power distribution in photonic signal processing structures, achieving photonic RF bandpass filtering with arbitrary transfer functions. A new OptoVLSI- based photonic signal processing architecture that integrates fibre collimator arrays, photoreceiver arrays, and numerous active fibre Bragg grating cavities of different lengths, is presented. The Opto-VLSI technology provides a cost-efficient and reliable means for controlling the gains and i the ,input power of the Bragg cavities. Sirnulatiom results show that a reconfigured 32-cavity photonic filter structure can generate arbitrary bandpass transfer characteristics.