gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing network risk judgments: a conceptual inquiry and exploratory analysis (2015)

Effectively assessing and configuring security controls to minimize network risks requires human judgment. Little is known about what factors network professionals perceive to make judgments of network risk. The purpose of this research was to examine first, what factors are important to network risk judgments (Study 1) and second, how risky/safe each factor is judged (Study 2) by a sample of network professionals. In Study 1, a complete list of factors was generated using a focus group method and validated on a broader sample using a survey method with network professionals. Factors detailing the adversary and organizational network readiness were rated highly important. Study 2 investigated the level of riskiness for each factor that is described in a vignette-based factor scenario. The vignette provided context that was missing in Study 1. The highest riskiness ratings were of factors detailing the adversary and the lowest riskiness ratings detailed the organizational network readiness. A significant relationships existed in Study 2 between the level of agreement on each factor’s rating across our sample of network professionals and the riskiness level each factor was judged. Factors detailing the adversary were highly agreed upon while factors detailing the organizational capability were less agreed upon. Computational risk models and network risk metrics ask professionals to perceive factors and judge overall network risk levels but no published research exists on what factors are important for network risk judgments. These empirical findings address this gap and factors used in models and metrics could be compared to factors generated herein. Future research and implications are discussed at the close of this paper.
The role of ATP citrate-lyase in the metabolic regulation of plasma lipids (1998)

ATP citrate (pro-S)-lyase (EC 4.1.3.8), a cytosolic enzyme that generates acetyl-CoA for cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis de novo, is a potential target for hypolipidaemic intervention. Here we describe the biological effects of the inhibition of ATP citrate-lyase on lipid metabolism in Hep G2 cells, and plasma lipids in rats and dogs, by using SB-204990, the cell-penetrant gamma-lactone prodrug of the potent ATP citrate-lyase inhibitor SB-201076 (Ki=1 microM). Consistent with an important role of ATP citrate-lyase in the supply of acetyl-CoA units for lipid synthesis de novo, SB-204990 inhibited cholesterol synthesis and fatty acid synthesis in Hep G2 cells (dose-related inhibition of up to 91% and 82% respectively) and rats (76% and 39% respectively). SB-204990, when administered orally to rats, was absorbed into the systemic circulation; pharmacologically relevant concentrations of SB-201076 were recovered in the liver. When administered in the diet (0.05-0. 25%, w/w) for 1 week, SB-204990 caused a dose-related decrease in plasma cholesterol (by up to 46%) and triglyceride levels (by up to 80%) in rats. This hypolipidaemic effect could be explained, at least in part, by a decrease (up to 48%) in hepatic very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) production as measured by the accumulation of VLDL in plasma after injection of Triton WR-1339. SB-204990 (25 mg/kg per day) also decreased plasma cholesterol levels (by up to 23%) and triglyceride levels (by up to 38%) in the dog, preferentially decreasing low-density lipoprotein compared with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Overall these results are consistent with the concept that ATP citrate-lyase is an important enzyme in controlling substrate supply for lipid synthesis de novo and a potential enzyme target for hypolipidaemic intervention.
Asymmetry in semicircular canal diameters may account for circling behavior in EphB‐deficient mice (2013)

N/A.
Six loci mapped on to human chromosome 2p are assigned to sheep chromosome 3p (1995)

Six loci, apoliproprotein B (including Ag(x) antigen), immunoglobulin kappa constant region (IGKC), luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotrophin receptor, avian myelocytomatosis viral related oncogene, neuroblastoma derived, ornithine decarboxylase, and proopiomelanocortin (adrenocorticotropin/beta-lipotropin) (POMC), were newly assigned to sheep chromosome 3p using a chromosomally characterized minipanel of sheep-hamster cell hybrids. Isotopic in situ hybridization of IGKC to sheep chromosome 3p22-p17 is reported, confirming the cell hybrid assignment. As these loci are all known to map to human chromosome 2p, this study demonstrates that this chromosomal segment is extensively conserved in sheep. Only POMC has been previously assigned to cattle chromosome 11, which is the equivalent of sheep chromosome 3p. Therefore, we predict that the other loci assigned in this study to sheep 3p are likely to be located on cattle 11. The provisional assignment of an additional locus, annexin-like to sheep chromosome 3p is also reported.
Blueberry containing diets protect from bone loss induced by sex steroid deficiency differently depending on sex and by mechanisms independent of canonical sex steroid receptor signaling (2018)

Background and Hypothesis: There is an unmet need for interventions that prevent bone loss induced by sex steroid deficiency. Loss of estrogens or androgens increases ROS in bone. We hypothesized that diets containing blueberries with antioxidant properties would protect from bone loss induced by sex steroid deficiency, depending on sex and on the expression of Nrf2, a transcription factor that regulates the endogenous antioxidant response. Experimental Design: SHAM, ovariectomized (OVX), or orchidectomized (ORX) 4-month-old, wild type (WT) or Nrf2 knockout (KO) male and female mice were fed with control diet or diets containing 3 types of blueberries. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone microarchitecture were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and microscopic computed tomography, respectively; and gene expression was quantified in bone RNA by quantitative PCR. Results: Control-fed OVX or ORX mice exhibited the expected BMD loss, to a similar extent, in WT and KO mice. One of the blueberry diets (Montgomery) prevented bone loss, totally in females and partially in males; and prevented ~50% of microarchitecture deterioration in ORX mice, independently of Nrf2 expression. OVX and ORX decreased expression of estrogen-response-element gene C3 or androgen-response-element gene Rhox5, respectively, in both WT and KO mice fed control or Montgomery diets, indicating that bone protection is not due to estrogenic/androgenic actions of the diet. Conclusion and Potential Impact: Montgomery diet prevented bone loss due to sex steroid deficiency fully in females and partially in males. Thus, optimal skeletal benefits might be achieved by tailoring antioxidant-rich diets to patients of either sex.
Assessment of pupillary light reflex latency and darkness adapted pupil size in control subjects and in diabetic patients with and without cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. (1990)

Increased pupillary light reflex latencies were found more often than a reduced darkness pupil size in diabetic patients with and without abnormal cardiovascular reflexes. This finding suggests that parasympathetic pupillary dysfunction precedes sympathetic pupillary denervation in diabetic autonomic neuropathy.
Polyaniline Nanofibers for Security Printing Applications (2015)

In this research we utilize polyaniline nanofibers in security printing applications. Polyaniline nanofibers were synthesized to allow an aqueous-based ink to be created. Inks with different weight percentages of polyaniline nanofibers were formulated, printed into desired patterns on a variety of substrates using digital fabrication and characterized for their conductive properties. The conductivity differences between the flash welded regions and non-flash welded regions were determined to help determine applicability for security-end products.
Beam break-up in the two-beam accelerator (2003)

Beam breakup (BBU) in the drive beam of a two-beam accelerator (TBA) using transverse wakes calculated by the AMOS code was studied numerically. Only cumulative BBU due to the wake of the linear induction accelerator cavities is considered. Growth lengths on the order of approximately 100 m are found for typical parameters. It is concluded that these growth lengths are acceptable for a future TBA.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Data Cube Computational Model with Hadoop MapReduce (2014)

XML has become a widely used and well structured data format for digital document handling and message transmission. To find useful knowledge in XML data, data warehouse and OLAP applications aimed at providing supports for decision making should be developed. Apache Hadoop is an open source cloud computing framework that provides a distributed file system for large scale data processing. In this paper, we discuss an XML data cube model which offers us the complete views to observe XML data, and present a basic algorithm to implement its building process on Hadoop. To improve the efficiency, an optimized algorithm more suitable for this kind of XML data is also proposed. The experimental results given in the paper prove the effectiveness of our optimization strategies.
Analyse d'elements genetiques dans un site d'expression de trypanosoma equiperdum; description d'un nouveau gene esag. Role potentiel de ces structures dans la variation antigenique (1990)

Les trypanosomes africains, protozoaires flagelles, parasites sanguicoles extracellulaires de mammiferes, echappent aux defenses immunitaires de l'hote infecte grace a la variation antigenique. La variation antigenique est regulee par l'activation sequentielle des genes bsgs, codant pour la glycoproteine variable de surface. Un gene active est insere dans un parmi plusieurs sites d'expression telomerique ou il est ensuite transcrit. La 5 barren region se trouve systematiquement en amont du gene vsg active. Elle est composee d'un nombre variable de repetitions imparfaites de l'element 76-bp-repeat. Cet element est retrouve devant les genes vsg silencieux. La mise en place d'un gene vsg dans un site d'expression se fait le plus souvent par echanges genetiques au niveau de ces 76-bp-repeats. Nous n'avons pas trouve de sequence conservee aux points d'echanges. Les 76-bp-repeats ont la capacite theorique de s'apparier au med-rna, le donneur du mini-exon dans le trans-splicing, ce qui suggere un role dans la regulation post-transcriptionnelle du gene vsg. Des genes esags (expression-site-associated-genes), appartenant a des familles multigeniques, sont trouves en amont des 5-barren regions. Nous avons identifie trois genes esags, dont deux nouveaux, dans notre site d'expression. Nous avons egalement decouvert un gene homologue a un esag mais code en dehors des sites d'expression. Ce gene est transcrit quel que soit le site d'expression utilise, alors que le gene esag qui se trouve dans le site d'expresion n'est transcrit que quand ce site d'expression est actif
On line Materials and Methods from RIP1–HAT1–SIRT Complex Identification and Targeting in Treatment and Prevention of Cancer (2023)

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Frameless Optical Computer-Aided Tracking of a Microscope for Otorhinology and Skull Base Surgery (2001)

Integration of a low-cost, non-laser autofocus microscope into our computer-aided surgery system was successfully performed and offers surgeons the ability to combine the precise optics of the operating microscope with the localization power of a computer-aided system.
Standardizing terms, definitions and concepts for describing and interpreting unwanted immunogenicity of biopharmaceuticals: recommendations of the Innovative Medicines Initiative ABIRISK consortium (2015)

Biopharmaceuticals (BPs) represent a rapidly growing class of approved and investigational drug therapies that is contributing significantly to advancing treatment in multiple disease areas, including inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, genetic deficiencies and cancer. Unfortunately, unwanted immunogenic responses to BPs, in particular those affecting clinical safety or efficacy, remain among the most common negative effects associated with this important class of drugs. To manage and reduce risk of unwanted immunogenicity, diverse communities of clinicians, pharmaceutical industry and academic scientists are involved in: interpretation and management of clinical and biological outcomes of BP immunogenicity, improvement of methods for describing, predicting and mitigating immunogenicity risk and elucidation of underlying causes. Collaboration and alignment of efforts across these communities is made difficult due to lack of agreement on concepts, practices and standardized terms and definitions related to immunogenicity. The Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI; www.imi-europe.org), ABIRISK consortium [Anti-Biopharmaceutical (BP) Immunization Prediction and Clinical Relevance to Reduce the Risk; www.abirisk.eu] was formed by leading clinicians, academic scientists and EFPIA (European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations) members to elucidate underlying causes, improve methods for immunogenicity prediction and mitigation and establish common definitions around terms and concepts related to immunogenicity. These efforts are expected to facilitate broader collaborations and lead to new guidelines for managing immunogenicity. To support alignment, an overview of concepts behind the set of key terms and definitions adopted to date by ABIRISK is provided herein along with a link to access and download the ABIRISK terms and definitions and provide comments (http://www.abirisk.eu/index_t_and_d.asp).
Superantigens and autoimmune disease: are they involved? (1999)

In over 10 years since the definition of superantigens, much has been learned about host cell-superantigen interactions. The initial simple set of rules used to define these interactions has given way to a more complex system, in which the activation of multiple cell types can occur as a consequence of superantigen-cell interactions or as a result of bystander effects based on the induction of a specific cytokine milieu. As a consequence, our ideas concerning the ways in which superantigens might be involved in disease are also expanding rapidly. This review highlights some of the many different pathways of superantigen-associated pathogenesis currently under investigation.
Time-Resolved Step-Scan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy of Triplet Excited Duroquinone in a Zeolite (1997)

The infrared spectrum of triplet excited duroquinone occluded in zeolite NaY has been recorded by time-resolved Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy on the nano- and microsecond time scale. A commercial step-scan instrument whose capability was expanded to allow absorption spectroscopy at nanosecond resolution was employed for this study. 18O isotope labeling allowed assignment of a strong absorption at 1542 cm-1 to the CO stretching mode. The 100 cm-1 red shift of this band relative to the CO stretch of the ground state establishes the ππ* character of the lowest triplet state of duroquinone. This is consistent with the highly polar environment of the zeolite NaY cage. The lifetime of the excited triplet state is 20 μs (−50 °C). This constitutes the first time-resolved infrared spectrum of a transient molecule in a zeolite.
Stochastic Gradient VB and the Variational Auto-Encoder (2013)

Can we efficiently learn the parameters of directed probabilistic models, in
the presence of continuous latent variables with intractable posterior
distributions, and large datasets? We introduce an unsupervised on-line
learning algorithm that efficiently optimizes the variational lower bound on
the marginal likelihood and that, under some mild conditions, even works in the
intractable case. The algorithm, Stochastic Gradient Variational Bayes (SGVB),
optimizes a probabilistic encoder (also called a recognition model) to
approximate the intractable posterior distribution of the latent variables.
Crucial is a reparameterization of the variational bound with an independent
noise variable, yielding a stochastic objective function which can be jointly
optimized w.r.t. variational and generative parameters using standard
gradient-based stochastic optimization methods. Theoretical advantages are
reflected in experimental results.
Abstract 4898: Full-length isoform sequencing of the human MCF-7 cell line using PacBio long reads (2015)

Abstract While advances in RNA sequencing methods have accelerated our understanding of the human transcriptome, isoform discovery remains a challenge because short read lengths require complicated assembly algorithms to infer the contiguity of full-length transcripts. This inability to resolve full-length isoforms hinders researchers’ ability to identify key isoform changes and fusion transcripts associated with human diseases. With the PacBio® long-read technology, one can now sequence full-length transcript isoforms up to 10 kb. The PacBio Iso-Seq™ protocol produces reads that originate from independent observations of single molecules, and no assembly is needed if a read spans the entire length of the transcript. In this study, we sequenced the human MCF7 cell-line using the Clontech SMARTer® cDNA preparation kit. Using the PacBio Iso-Seq bioinformatics software, we obtained 55,770 unique, full-length, high-quality transcript sequences that were subsequently mapped back to the human genome with ≥ 99% accuracy. The full-length transcripts ranged from 300 bp to 9.5 kb with a mean length of 2.1 kb. Out of 16,868 expressed loci, 149 had more than 20 isoforms, with a total average of 3 isoforms per loci. Additionally, we identified more than 100 candidate fusion transcripts, many of which were confirmed through previously published experimental validations or computation predictions. For the BCAS3-BRCA4 fusion, we detected 3 different fusion transcripts, two of which were entirely novel. To validate the full-length isoforms, we compared the predicted peptides from the MCF-7 data against a previously published mass spectrometry dataset from the same cell line. 41,699 peptides mapped to 23,729 PacBio-predicted open reading frames (i.e. protein sequences), confirming the translation of a majority of sequenced transcripts. Notably, 251 peptides were novel and not annotated in the UniProt protein database. These peptides confirm abundant cases of single amino acid polymorphisms, cassette exon splicing, and potential alternative protein coding frames encoded in the MCF-7 proteome. To conclude, the Iso-Seq protocol provides a new opportunity for researchers to study the complex splicing events that occur in cancer cells. Citation Format: Elizabeth Tseng, Tyson Clark, Meredith H. Ashby, Gloria Shenykman. Full-length isoform sequencing of the human MCF-7 cell line using PacBio long reads. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4898. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4898
A CONFIRMATION OF THE SPECIFIC RELATIONS OF CUCULUS-SATURATUS-INSULINDAE (1982)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Frontal atrophy correlates with behavioural changes in progressive supranuclear palsy (2002)

Regional brain volumes were measured in 21 patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), 17 patients with Parkinson’s disease and 23 controls using 3D MRI‐based volumetry. Cortical, subcortical and ventricular volume measures were correlated with global indices of motor disability and cognitive disturbance. All MRI measures, including hippocampal volume, were preserved in Parkinson’s disease. Patients with PSP could be distinguished from both Parkinson’s disease and controls by whole brain volume loss, ventricular dilatation and disproportionate atrophy of the frontal cortex. Caudate nucleus volume loss additionally differentiated PSP from controls, but was modest in severity and proportionate to whole brain volume loss. The present study identifies disease‐specific differences in the topography of brain atrophy between PSP and Parkinson’s disease, and has potential implications for the in vivo radiological differentiation of these two disorders. In PSP, the variance in frontal grey matter volume related to measures of behavioural disturbance, confirming the use of behavioural tests for ante‐mortem case differentiation and suggesting that intrinsic cortical deficits contribute to these clinical disturbances.
Research and Implementation of Adaptive AVS Decoder Based on DSP Platform (2008)

The algorithm of AVS decoder is briefly introduced, and after improving the convention loop filter method, a adaptive loop filter(ALP) method is presented.According to the time cost of decoding the current frame, the different loop filter methods are chosen in decoder.The experimental results show the time cost of ALP reduce more than 15% compared with the convention loop filter method on DSP platform.
Maritime counter-piracy study using agent-based simulations (2010)

A maritime counter-piracy scenario is modeled using the agent-based simulation platform MANA. This simulation model is employed to investigate the requirements for defending a large commercial vessel, relying principally on non-lethal deterrents, against pirate hijacking. To assist this research, we utilize the data farming methodology to identify the "landscape of possibilities", i.e., data farming is employed to efficiently generate and examine a large range of simulation model variants which altogether depict a comprehensive overview of potential outcomes. Moreover, we complement this study through the evaluation of Automated Red Teaming (ART) to uncover the commercial vessel's critical vulnerabilities against pirates. ART differs from data farming by exploiting the principles of artificial evolution to automatically generate simulation model variants of interest. Both data farming and ART techniques are applied to our maritime counter-piracy simulation model in this paper. The experimental results provide complementary insights which may assist defense experts in future analyses and decision makings.
Strengthening and Prevention of Oxidation of Aluminum Nitride by Formation of a Silica Layer on the Surface (2000)

A silica (SiO 2 ) layer was deposited on the surface of an AlN ceramic in order to increase the strength and to prevent the high‐temperature oxidation of the material. The layer was formed on the surface by exposing coupons to the atmosphere downstream of a bed of SiC powder in a flowing H 2 –0.1% H 2 O atmosphere at 1450°C. A reaction between the SiC powder and H 2 O in the H 2 gas resulted in the generation of SiO 2 “smoke” in the product gas stream. Part of the SiO 2 smoke was subsequently deposited on the surface of the AlN specimen to form a dense and uniform SiO 2 layer. The strength of AlN was improved by about 20% apparently because of blunting of surface defects by SiO 2 . More importantly, the layer was very effective in protecting the AlN from the oxidation at elevated temperatures, through the inhibition of transport of oxidants to the sample surface.