gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Histopathology of Ossicular Grafts and Implants in Chronic Otitis Media (2007)

Autogenous malleus, incus, and cortical bone grafts behaved in a similar manner and maintained their morphological size, shape, and contour for extended periods of time, at least up to 30 years. These histopathologic observations support the continued use of autograft ossicular and cortical bone grafts for middle ear reconstruction. Cartilage grafts developed chondromalacia with resulting loss of stiffness and showed a tendency to undergo resorption. Synthetic prostheses made of porous plastic (Plastipore, Polycel) elicited foreign body giant cell reactions with various degrees of biodegradation of the implants. Prostheses made of hydroxyapatite and Bioglass were enveloped by a lining of connective tissue and mucosal epithelium. The Bioglass material was broken down into small fragments and partially resorbed by a host response within the middle ear. These results warrant caution in the use of prostheses made of porous plastic or Bioglass.
Pose-Guided Person Image Synthesis in the Non-Iconic Views (2020)

Generating realistic images with the guidance of reference images and human poses is challenging. Despite the success of previous works on synthesizing person images in the iconic views, no efforts are made towards the task of poseguided image synthesis in the non-iconic views. Particularly, we find that previous models cannot handle such a complex task, where the person images are captured in the non-iconic views by commercially-available digital cameras. To this end, we propose a new framework - Multi-branch Refinement Network (MR-Net), which utilizes several visual cues, including target person poses, foreground person body and scene images parsed. Furthermore, a novel Region of Interest (RoI) perceptual loss is proposed to optimize the MR-Net. Extensive experiments on two non-iconic datasets, Penn Action and BBC-Pose, as well as an iconic dataset - Market-1501, show the efficacy of the proposed model that can tackle the problem of pose-guided person image generation from the non-iconic views. The data, models, and codes are downloadable from https://github.com/loadder/MR-Net.
“Global strategy” and its impact on local operations: Lessons from Gillette Singapore (1998)

Executive Overview Among the myths about global strategy is the assumption that it means integration across international operations that causes a loss of country identity and dissociation of product lines from their local context, as they report to global product managers. This article advances a different view, in which global strategy is synonymous with holistic approaches, necessarily international ones, that can tighten local integration in the interest of global goals. The experience of Gillette after the acquisition of Parker Pen shows that mergers and acquisitions by global companies can involve local integration across divisions in order to create within-country synergies. It also shows that tapping the power of global brands often requires acknowledging country differences and respecting local norms, thus strengthening, rather than weakening, the local country unit and enhancing relationships across functions and divisions within it.
An Optical Particle Counting System for Testing Industrial Pulse‐Cleaned Cartridge Dust Collectors (1986)

Abstract An optical particle counting system has been developed for testing industrial pulse‐cleaned cartridge dust collectors. The system is applied to measure fractional penetration of a full scale dust collector and to study its short term and long term dynamic behavior. Results show collector efficiencies for dust loadings of 23 g/m 3 exceeding 99.999% over the particle size range from 0.5 μm to 10 μm, with a minimum fractional penetration occurring at approximately 2 μm.
Saturation Boiling of HFE-7100 Dielectric Liquid on Copper Surfaces with Corner Pins at Different Inclinations (2009)

Results of experiments investigating saturation boiling of HFE-7100 dielectric liquid on 10 X 10 mm copper surfaces with 3× 3 mm corner pins, 2-, 3-, and 5-mm tall, are presented and discussed. Also investigated are the effects of surface roughness and inclination, from 0° (upward facing) to 180°, on the thermal power removed and the temperature of the footprint surface. Results are compared to those measured for a plane Cu surface of the same footprint area and surface roughness. New heat transfer results in natural convection and nucleate boiling and of Critical Heat Flux (CHF) at various orientations are obtained and a heat transfer correlation for natural convection is developed. The latter is important to the cooling of computer chips while in the standby mode of operation. In addition to reducing and/or eliminating the temperature excursion prior to boiling incipience, large enhancements in the heat removal rate are measured in both natural convection and nucleate boiling. In natural convection in the upward-facing orientation, the thermal power removed is ∼68% higher than from the plane Cu, at the same surface superheat, and independent of the surface roughness and the pin height. Consistent with the reported results by other investigators for macrostructured surfaces, the thermal power removed in nucleate boiling and at CHF increases as the wetted area by the boiling liquid increases, but the surface average heat fluxes decrease. Increasing the surface roughness increases the thermal power removed in nucleate boiling by 10−15%. For the surfaces with 2-, 3-, and 5-mm-tall pins at 0° inclination, the thermal powers removed at CHF of 40.5, 41.5, and 58.1 W represent increases of 79%, 83%, and 157%, compared to the plane Cu surface (22.6 W). CHF (46.5 W) for the surface with the 5-mm-tall pins at 180° inclination is as much as 83% of that at 0° (58.1 W), compared to only 20% for the plane Cu surface. The surface with the 5-mm tall corner pins also has the smallest boiling resistance, increasing from 0.43 K/W at 0° to 0.55 K/W at 180°, compared to 0.85 K/W and 2.8 K/W for plane Cu.
Bright G-Quadruplex Nanostructures Functionalized with Porphyrin Lanterns (2019)

The intricate arrangement of numerous and closely placed chromophores on nanoscale scaffolds can lead to key photonic applications ranging from optical waveguides and antennas to signal-enhanced fluorescent sensors. In this regard, the self-assembly of dye-appended DNA sequences into programmed photonic architectures is promising. However, the dense packing of dyes can result in not only compromised DNA assembly (leading to ill-defined structures and precipitates) but also to essentially nonfluorescent systems (due to π-π aggregation). Here, we introduce a two-step "tether and mask" strategy wherein large porphyrin dyes are first attached to short G-quadruplex-forming sequences and then reacted with per-O-methylated β-cyclodextrin (PMβCD) caps, to form supramolecular synthons featuring the porphyrin fluor fixed into a masked porphyrin lantern (PL) state, due to intramolecular host-guest interactions in water. The PL-DNA sequences can then be self-assembled into cyclic architectures or unprecedented G-wires tethered with hundreds of porphyrin dyes. Importantly, despite the closely arrayed PL units (∼2 nm), the dyes behave as bright chromophores (up to 180-fold brighter than the analogues lacking the PMβCD masks). Since other self-assembling scaffolds, dyes, and host molecules can be used in this modular approach, this work lays out a general strategy for the bottom-up aqueous self-assembly of bright nanomaterials containing densely packed dyes.
Correction of Apical Axial Rotation With Pedicular Screws in Neuromuscular Scoliosis (2008)

Our results indicate that apical axial derotation can be well achieved with posterior only pedicle screw fixation in patients with neuromuscular scoliosis without any need for an anterior release procedure.
Dynamic polarizability of tungsten atoms reconstructed from fast electrical explosion of fine wires in vacuum (2016)

Nanosecond electrical explosion of fine metal wires in vacuum generates calibrated, radially expanded gas cylinders of metal atoms surrounded by a low-density fast expanding plasma corona. An integrated-phase technique, based on laser interferometry, provides the dynamic dipole polarizability of metal atoms. These data were previously unavailable for tungsten atoms. An extremely high melting temperature and significant premelt electronic emission make these measurements particularly complicated for this refractory metal. Most attempts to vaporize tungsten wire by electrical current pulse result in the disintegration of the sample into macro- and microfragments. However, application of a very fast-rising current, $\ensuremath{\sim}1\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kA}/\mathrm{ns}$, can vaporize a thin 10--15 \ensuremath{\mu}m-diameter tungsten wire and generate a calibrated gas-plasma cylinder. Adding a dielectric coating to the wire leads to increased energy deposition to the wire core and a reduction of the surrounding plasma corona. Employing the integrated-phase technique on a fast-exploding coated tungsten wire, we find that the dynamic dipole polarizability of tungsten atoms at a wavelength of 532 nm equals $15\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.3\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\AA{}}^{3}$.
Variability Analysis via Parameterized Model Order Reduction and Numerical Inversion of Laplace Transform (2017)

A fast algorithm is presented for statistical analysis of large circuits with multiple stochastic parameters. The proposed method combines the merits of the parameterized model order-based techniques and numerical inversion of Laplace transform (NILT). The response of the reduced model at any given time point is expressed as a linear combination of the frequency-domain response at a relatively small number of predetermined complex frequency points. This eliminates the necessity for explicit representation of the dynamic model in the form of a set of differential equations. As a result, the moment vectors associated with frequency are excluded while forming the moments' subspace, leading to much smaller reduced models. In addition, evaluation of the time-domain response of the reduced-order models using NILT is more efficient and highly parallelizable compared to time-stepping numerical integration techniques. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.
Open loop dynamic transmitter voltage scaling for fast response and wide load range power efficient WPT system (2017)

This paper presents a fast response wireless power delivery system with open loop dynamic transmitter voltage scaling technique to keep power efficiency in wide load range. In this technique, according to change of receiver side power consumption, the driving voltage of the transmitter (TX) coil is properly adjusted to control transmission power. The transmitting power and switching loss can be reduced in proportion to the square of the driving voltage. Therefore, it can improve power efficiency. To enhance power control speed, the driving voltage is not locally regulated but automatically determined by the feedback loop of the total WPT system. Fabricated test chips in 180-nm LDMOS process achieved maximum power efficiency of 50.9% when the output power is 0.5W. The output power ranges from 0.03W to 0.5W. The output voltage ripple is kept within 3.5% even when the output power is abruptly changed by one order of magnitude.
CYP1A1 and XRCC1 gene polymorphisms in SCC of the larynx (2003)

The present study was undertaken to examine CYP1A1 and XRCC1 polymorphisms as potential genetic susceptibility markers for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Eighty-eight patients with laryngeal SCC and 178 randomly selected healthy blood donors from the same Caucasian population (Porto, Northern Portugal) were analysed for CYP1A1 (MspI and NcoI) and XRCC1 (Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln) polymorphisms, using PCR-RFLP techniques. CYP1A1 MspI MH (mutant homozygous) and CYP1A1 NcoI HT (heterozygous) genotypes were more frequent in patients than in controls, with those carrying a CYP1A1 NcoI HT genotype having a 2.3-fold higher risk for tumour development. On the other hand, polymorphisms in XRCC1 codon 399 and codon 194 do not seem to play a role in the aetiology of smoking-related laryngeal SCC, once its distribution was similar in both analysed groups. All the significant associations observed were exclusively due to differences between controls and larynx glottic cancer patient subgroup. Furthermore, lower lifetime tobacco consumption was observed in laryngeal SCC patients carrying the MspI and NcoI polymorphisms, than in those who did not show the polymorphic variants. This investigation seems to support the importance of CYP1A1 gene polymorphism as a potential genetic marker of laryngeal cancer development, specially concerning smokers who have inherited the at-risk genotypes CYP1A1 MspI MH or CYP1A1 NcoI HT, who do appear to be more susceptible to the development of SCC of the glottic larynx.
OCT particle tracking velocimetry of biofluids in a microparallel plate strain induction chamber (2021)

The MPPSIC provides a new capability for studying biofluids, such as mucus, to assess potentially non-linear or strain-rate-dependent properties in a regime that is relevant to the mucus layer in the lung epithelium.
New method for the selective reduction of amides (1990)

A new procedure was developed for the reduction of tertiary aliphatic, olefinic, and aromatic amides to aldehydes. Reaction of the amides (1), (5), (7), (9), (11), (13), (15), and (17) with ethyl or methyl trifluoromethanesulphonate in CH2Cl2 at room temperature and then with L-Selectride at –78 °C gave the corresponding aldehydes (2), (6), (8), (10), (12), (14), (16), and (18), respectively. A second functional group, including CO2R, CC, CH(OCH2CH2O), and CN, in these amides was found to be inert under the conditions employed. These selective reductions gave the desired aldehydes in 50–73% isolated yields and in >95% yields based on converted amides.
An Exploratory Analysis on Users' Contributions in Federated Learning (2020)

Federated Learning is an emerging distributed collaborative learning paradigm adopted by many of today's applications, e.g., keyboard prediction and object recognition. Its core principle is to learn from large amount of users data while preserving data privacy by design as collaborative users only need to share the machine learning models and keep data locally. The main challenge for such systems is to provide incentives to users to contribute high-quality models trained from their local data. In this paper, we aim to answer how well incentives recognize (in)accurate local models from honest and malicious users, and perceive their impacts on the model accuracy of federated learning systems. We first present a thorough survey on two contrasting perspectives: incentive mechanisms to measure the contribution of local models by honest users, and malicious users to deliberately degrade the overall model. We conduct simulation experiments to empirically demonstrate if existing contribution measurement schemes can disclose low-quality models from malicious users. Our results show there exists a clear tradeoff among measurement schemes in terms of the computational efficiency and effectiveness to distill the impact of malicious participants. We conclude this paper by discussing the research directions to design resilient contribution incentives.
BRR: Preserving Privacy of Text Data Efficiently on Device (2021)

With the use of personal devices connected to the Internet for tasks such as searches and shopping becoming ubiquitous, ensuring the privacy of the users of such services has become a requirement in order to build and maintain customer trust. While text privatization methods exist, they require the existence of a trusted party that collects user data before applying a privatization method to preserve users' privacy. In this work we propose an efficient mechanism to provide metric differential privacy for text data on-device. With our solution, sensitive data never leaves the device and service providers only have access to privatized data to train models on and analyze. We compare our algorithm to the state-of-the-art for text privatization, showing similar or better utility for the same privacy guarantees, while reducing the storage costs by orders of magnitude, enabling on-device text privatization.
Sexual Politics in Edward Brathwaite's Mother Poem and Sun Poem (1987)

Mother Poem and Sun Poem are the first two poems in Edward Brathwaite's latest and as yet unfinished poetic trilogy. Both poems are set in the post- Emancipation period on the island of Barbados where Brathwaite was born and grew up. Like Rights of Passage, Masks and Islands — the poems of Brathwaite's first trilogy. The Arrivants — Mother Poem and Sun Poem are poems of multiple voices. Mother Poem traces the history of Barbados through the voices of working-class or folk women, a female slave, children and a debt collector, agent of the capitalist merchant; these voices are interspersed with the at times ideologically committed descriptive, at times directly protesting voice of the visionary poet, evaluating the folk women's uncritical consumption of white bourgeois materialism, religion and education (the last of these for their children), and the expedients associated with the socio-economic conditions imposed on working class married and family life by the plantation and its owner, the white mulatto merchant.
Dynamic Modeling of a Liquid Bearing in the Head-Disk Interface (1994)

Viscous liquid bearings could become a commercially valuable technology for the information storage industry. In the least, the research knowledge gained may be important for modeling lubricants in conventional air bearing drives. Several non-Newtonian empirical models are given to relate the stress to the strain for the bearing liquid. The load bearing capacity, the amount of normal force the fluid can sustain, is calculated for several models by introducing an order of magnitude analysis. Similarly, the power consumption due to frictional forces on the surface of the slider due to the fluid motion is computed.
Recruitment of a contralateral head turning synergy by stimulation of monkey supplementary eye fields (2011)

The supplementary eye fields (SEF) are thought to enable higher-level aspects of oculomotor control. The goal of the present experiment was to learn more about the SEF's role in orienting, specifically by examining neck muscle recruitment evoked by stimulation of the SEF. Neck muscle activity was recorded from multiple muscles in two monkeys during SEF stimulation (100 μA, 150-300 ms, 300 Hz, with the head restrained or unrestrained) delivered 200 ms into a gap period, before a visually guided saccade initiated from a central position (doing so avoids confounds between initial position and prestimulation neck muscle activity). SEF stimulation occasionally evoked overt gaze shifts and/or head movements but almost always evoked a response that invariably consisted of a contralateral head turning synergy by increasing activity on contralateral turning muscles and decreasing activity on ipsilateral turning muscles (when background activity was present). Neck muscle responses began well in advance of evoked gaze shifts (~30 ms after stimulation onset, leading gaze shifts by ~40-70 ms on average), started earlier and attained a larger magnitude when accompanied by progressively larger gaze shifts, and persisted on trials without overt gaze shifts. The patterns of evoked neck muscle responses resembled those evoked by frontal eye field (FEF) stimulation, except that response latencies from the SEF were ~10 ms longer. This basic description of the cephalomotor command evoked by SEF stimulation suggests that this structure, while further removed from the motor periphery than the FEF, accesses premotor orienting circuits in the brain stem and spinal cord in a similar manner.
Retroviral DNA Integration: ASLV, HIV, and MLV Show Distinct Target Site Preferences (2004)

The completion of the human genome sequence has made possible genome-wide studies of retroviral DNA integration. Here we report an analysis of 3,127 integration site sequences from human cells. We compared retroviral vectors derived from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), avian sarcoma-leukosis virus (ASLV), and murine leukemia virus (MLV). Effects of gene activity on integration targeting were assessed by transcriptional profiling of infected cells. Integration by HIV vectors, analyzed in two primary cell types and several cell lines, strongly favored active genes. An analysis of the effects of tissue-specific transcription showed that it resulted in tissue-specific integration targeting by HIV, though the effect was quantitatively modest. Chromosomal regions rich in expressed genes were favored for HIV integration, but these regions were found to be interleaved with unfavorable regions at CpG islands. MLV vectors showed a strong bias in favor of integration near transcription start sites, as reported previously. ASLV vectors showed only a weak preference for active genes and no preference for transcription start regions. Thus, each of the three retroviruses studied showed unique integration site preferences, suggesting that virus-specific binding of integration complexes to chromatin features likely guides site selection.
Genetic manipulation of receptor expression and function (2000)

Transgenic Rescue of Mutant Phenotypes Using Large DNA Fragments (S. Camper & T. Saunders) Behavioral Characterization of Transgenic and Knockout Mice (J. Crawley) Genetic Analysis of Receptor Phenotypes (S. Bultman, et al.) Immortalization of Cell Lines from Transgenic and Knockout Mice by Viral Transformation (J. Chou) The VP16-Dependent Binary System for Inducible Gene Expression in Transgenic Mice (C. Kappen) Gene-Targeting Strategies in the Analysis of Alcohol and Anesthetic Mechanisms (G. Homanics) In Vivo Functions of the c-Met Gene: (HGF/SF Receptor) (S. Giordano & P. Comoglio) Tissue-Specific Knockouts of Insulin Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (R. Kulkarni, et al.) Targeted Dominant Negative Mutations (W. LaRochelle, et al.) Toxin-Mediated Targeted Cell Ablation In Vivo (J. Drago & J. Wong) Antisense RNA-Mediated Inhibition of Gene Expression (H. Wang, et al.) Delivery of Antisense Oligonucleotides to the Brain to Analyze Receptor Function (S. Kaur & I. Creese) Index.