gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assessment of occupational personal sound exposures for music instructors (2021)

Daily activities performed by music instructors generate high sound levels that could potentially lead to overexposure. Adverse outcomes associated with high-exposure to sound, such as hearing loss and tinnitus, can be especially devastating to music instructors as hearing is essential to both job performance and career reward. The primary objective of this study was to compare sound exposures of music instructors to recommended exposure limits. Secondary objectives were to identify high-exposure activities and to evaluate potential similar exposure groups by examining between- and within-worker exposure variability. Personal sound exposure measurements from music instructors were collected using dosimeters during full workdays for up to 4 weeks over multiple semesters at a university's school of music. Study participants completed an activity log to record work-related activities throughout each day of sampling. Dosimeters logged 1-sec sound equivalent levels in A-weighted decibels. These data were used to calculate 8-hr time-weighted averages, daily dose, and activity-specific contributions to that dose to determine if daily exposures exceeded the recommended limit of 85 dBA and to identify high-exposure activities that could be targeted for future intervention. Seventeen participants were sampled for a total of 200 days. Approximately one-third of daily exposures exceeded recommended limits. The groups with the highest exposures were brass and conducting instructors. Conductors experienced the highest between-day variability in daily exposures. Activities that contributed the most to daily dose included group rehearsals, personal practice sessions, and performances, while classes and administrative work did not substantially contribute to daily dose. Daily exposures were highly variable, ranging from 60-95 dBA (mean = 81 dBA, sd = 8 dBA), and were influenced by instructional area and musical activity. Future exposure assessments for music instructors should include sampling for multiple days, and those above-recommended limits should be placed into hearing conservation programs.
GROWTH RETARDATION EFFECTS OF SOME GLUCOCORTICOIDS AND GLUCAGON IN CHICKENS (1970)

Three experiments were conducted to test the effects of Lipo-adrenal cortex (LAC), cortisone acetate (CA), hydrocortisone acetate (HCA) and glucagon (G) in broiler chickens. Oral administration of 38.7, 69.6 or 96.8 mg CA per bird significantly retarded body weight gain between days 14 and 21. HCA administered intramuscularly in doses varying from 2 to 24 mg/100 g of body weight significantly decreased body weight gain between days 14 and 28. Shank growth was similarly affected by doses over 4 mg HCA. The same doses significantly increased liver weight. At 3 months of age, birds recovered from growth retardation caused by the injection of 4 mg HCA/100 g of body weight at 14 days of age. Experimental results indicate that 2 or 4 mg HCA/100 g of body weight, administered by one injection at 14 days of age, may be used to increase growth rate variance by retarding growth.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE REAL-TIME CCD PHOTOMETRIC PROGRAM (1993)

We developed a real-time CCD photometric program for IBM PC compatibles. This program can perform several functions necessary for CCD photometry such as telescope control. filter rotation, CCD camera control and data acquisition, two-dimensional image processing, simple aperture photometry and automatic differential photometry. The image processing of a spiral galaxy M51 observed with the SNU 61cm reflector shows a well developed spiral structure. Simple aperture photometric results of 14 stars in open cluster NGC 6871 almost accorded with those from IRAF/APPHOT. And we could confirm the light variation of eclipsing binary EM Cep by simultaneous automatic differential photometry of 7stars in NGC 7160. Due to the excellence in the precision and efficiency of automatic differential photometry using CCD. this program is very useful for the study of small amplitude Sct type variables and of the photometric stability of B F type stars.
MAN-MACHINE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR TRANSPORT CONTROL: TRIP (1978)

An on-line computer-aided man-man communication system for train regulation is proposed here. Additional delay due to queuing of trains is derived. Two kinds of performance measures for train regulation are related to additional delay. Based on each measure, either of two different functions for train regulation is assigned to each dispatcher. By computer-aided communication among dispatchers, they can coordinate their own measures and then regulate trains.
Progressive Dystonia Masking Ataxia in Ataxia-Telangiectasia (1980)

A 10-year-old boy with ataxia-telangiectasia had severe progressive dystonic posturing that masked the ataxia until treatment relieved the dystonia. A younger sister had mor classical neurologic manifestations of the disease. However, both children had telangiectasia, immunologic abnormalities, and other features of ataxia-telangiectasia. The pathologic changes that have been found in the basal ganglia at autopsy and the occurrence of choreoathetosis, oculomotor disturbances, and now dystonia indicate that the function of the basal ganglia in patients with ataxia-telangiectasia is abnormal. Children who have basal ganglial abnormalities should be studied for ataxia-telangiectasia.
Research and Clinical Landscape of Bispecific Antibodies for the Treatment of Solid Malignancies (2021)

Solid tumors adopt multiple mechanisms to grow, evade immune responses, and to withstand therapeutic approaches. A major breakthrough in the armamentarium of anti-cancer agents has been the introduction of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), able to inhibit aberrantly activated pathways and/or to unleash antigen (Ag)-specific immune responses. Nonetheless, mAb-mediated targeted pressure often fails due to escape mechanisms, mainly Ag loss/downregulation, ultimately providing therapy resistance. Hence, in order to target multiple Ag at the same time, and to facilitate cancer-immune cells interactions, bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) have been developed and are being tested in clinical trials, yielding variable safety/efficacy results based on target selection and their structure. While in hematologic cancers the bsAb blinatumomab recently reached the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approval for B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, bsAbs use in solid tumors faces considerable challenges, such as target Ag selection, biodistribution, and the presence of an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). This review will focus on the state-of-the art, the design, and the exploitation of bsAbs against solid malignancies, delineating their mechanisms of action, major pitfalls, and future directions.
Specific adsorption and determination of aspartame in soft drinks with a zein magnetic molecularly imprinted modified MGCE sensor (2021)

In this work, an efficient and sensitive magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer with zein and deep eutectic solvents (ZDM-MIPs) was designed and synthesized to exclusively adsorb and detect aspartame (ASP). We used zein, together with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> as the cross-linker, functional monomer and support material, respectively. A magnetic glassy carbon electrode (MGCE) modified with ZDM-MIPs was used for selective recognition of ASP. The electrochemical response of the ZDM-MIPs-MGCE for quantification of ASP was evaluated with a portable electrochemical detection station with differential pulse voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry. The responses of ZDM-MIPs-MGCE signified a good linear relationship with ASP concentrations in the range of 0.1-50 μg mL<sup>-1</sup>. The sensor systems showed good accuracy and precision, with recovery percentages between 84% and 107%. These results suggested that the obtained ZDM-MIPs exhibited good adsorption performance for ASP in soft drinks, and this method could be used to determine ASP content in actual food samples.
Vehicle Detection in Aerial Images (2019)

The detection of vehicles in aerial images is widely applied in many applications. Comparing with object detection in the ground view images, vehicle detection in aerial images remains a challenging problem because of small vehicle size, monotone appearance and the complex background. In this paper, we propose a novel double focal loss convolutional neural network framework (DFL-CNN). In the proposed framework, the skip connection is used in the CNN structure to enhance the feature learning. Also, the focal loss function is used to substitute for conventional cross entropy loss function in both of the region proposed network and the final classifier. We further introduce the first large-scale vehicle detection dataset ITCVD with ground truth annotations for all the vehicles in the scene. We demonstrate the performance of our model on the existing benchmark DLR 3K dataset as well as the ITCVD dataset. The experimental results show that our DFL-CNN outperforms the baselines on vehicle detection.
Biological Efficacy and Toxicity of Diamidines in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 Models (2015)

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a disease characterized by errors in alternative splicing, or "mis-splicing". The causative agent of mis-splicing in DM1 is an inherited CTG repeat expansion located in the 3' untranslated region of the DM protein kinase gene. When transcribed, CUG repeat expansion RNA sequesters muscleblind-like (MBNL) proteins, which constitute an important family of alternative splicing regulators. Sequestration of MBNL proteins results in the mis-splicing of its regulated transcripts. Previous work has demonstrated that pentamidine, a diamidine which is currently FDA-approved as an antiparasitic agent, was able to partially reverse mis-splicing in multiple DM1 models, albeit at toxic concentrations. In this study, we characterized a series of pentamidine analogues to determine their ability to reverse mis-splicing and their toxicity in vivo. Experiments in cell and mouse models demonstrated that compound 13, also known as furamidine, effectively reversed mis-splicing with equal efficacy and reduced toxicity compared to pentamidine.
Inhibition of Secreted Phospholipase A2. 4-Glycerol Derivatives of 4,5-Dihydro-3-(4-tetradecyloxybenzyl)-1,2,4-4H-oxadiazol-5-one with Broad Activities (2007)

Secreted phospholipases A2 (sPLA2s) have been reported to play an important role in various inflammatory conditions and thus represent an attractive therapeutic target. Previous SAR studies from our laboratory have revealed certain important features of our recently discovered specific hGIIA sPLA2 inhibitors, and we report here the synthesis and biological activities of glycerol-containing derivatives of our lead compound III (Figure 1). Efficient and selective synthesis methods have been developed to make glycerol trisubstituted by different groups on desired positions. In terms of biological activities, the best compounds (A3, A6, and A15) are more active than III (Figure 1), as potent as Me-Indoxam, an sPLA2s inhibitor of reference, against hGIIA, hGV, and hGX sPLA2s and at least 10 times less active toward the GIB enzymes in two in vitro assay systems. By synthesis of enantiopure (S)-A6, we demonstrated that no important improvement of the inhibitory potency could be achieved by this approach. Furthermore, the results show that the global lipophilicity is likely responsible for the anti-PLA2 activity and two oxadiazolone moieties seem too big to be accommodated by the active site of the hGIIA enzyme.
Receive coil optimization for an open magnetic particle imaging scanner (2013)

Helmholtz-like coil pairs with a radius of 15 cm have the highest sensitivity for the given geometry. Their homogeneity decreases with higher radius, which is both shown in Fig. 4. Arrays of circular coils show very good homogeneity, which further increases with increasing number of coils, but have comparably poor sensitivity in the FOV. D-shaped coils have both decreasing sensitivity and homogeneity with increasing radius. An increasing distance between a D-coil pair increases the homogeneity, but leads to decreasing sensitivity. Nested D-coils can show an improved homogeneity without a loss in sensitivity. Optimized circular and not nested D-shaped coil pairs with a radius of 15 cm were manufactured and the resonance frequency for both geometries was measured to be about 1.9 MHz for the tight and 2.6 MHz for the loose winding technique.
Resonant Inverse Photoemission via Plasmons (1988)

A large enhancement, up to a factor of 30, of the photon intensity is observed in inverse photoemission when the emitted photon energy equals the plasmon energy. The effect is explained as a resonance between a discrete channel, i.e., radiative decay of a plasmon, and the inverse photoemission continuum. Examples are shown for various structures of antimony films.
Wilderness Designation in Utah: Urban and Rural Willingness to Pay (1996)

Total and use-related willingness to pay for wilderness designation and for maintaining currently proposed wilderness areas in open-access multiple use was determined for rural and urban residents of Utah using dichotomous choice contingent valuation. The hypothesis that the wilderness controversy is a rural/urban issue was only partially borne out. Supporters and opponents of wilderness designation appeared to have similar mean WTP estimates for both total and use values; however, a higher proportion of rural residents were opposed to wilderness designation. Comparisons of total values suggested that the sample-weighted WTP of opponents to wilderness was greater than the weighted WTP of supporters, although results were statistically weak. Sample-weighted use values for urban respondents were larger for supporters than opponents, while the opposite was true for rural respondents. Finally, a log-linear estimation procedure was tested and was found to yield theoretically inconsistent results.
A 42 nJ/Conversion On-Demand State-of-Charge Indicator for Miniature IoT Li-Ion Batteries (2018)

An energy-efficient state-of-charge (SOC) indication algorithm and integrated system for low-power wireless sensor nodes with the miniature Internet of Things (IoT) batteries are introduced in this paper. Based on the key findings that the miniature Li-ion batteries exhibit a fast response to the battery current transient, we propose an instantaneous linear extrapolation (ILE) algorithm and circuit system based on the ILE algorithm allowing accurate on-demand estimation of SOC. Due to the on-demand operation, an always-ON current integration is avoided, reducing power and energy consumption by several orders of magnitude. Furthermore, the proposed SOC indicator does not require a battery disconnection from the load, ensuring continuous operation of the applications. The system is implemented in a 180-nm CMOS technology. The power consumption is 42 nW and maximum SOC indication error is 1.7%. The minimum applicable battery capacity is as low as 2 μAh.
Robinson a century on: The nomenclatural relevance of Roxburgh's Hortus Bengalensis (2013)

Abstract In 1912, C.B. Robinson published an analysis of the Hortus Bengalensis. This work by William Roxburgh consists of a listing of the plant species growing in the East India Company Botanic Garden in Calcutta, and the new species Roxburgh was intending to publish in his Flora Indica. No descriptions are included in the Hortus Bengalensis, but as Robinson pointed out, a minority of names included are validated by citation of descriptions published elsewhere. The current paper reviews these names, particularly in terms of their application and typification. The identity of Laurus nitida Roxb. is clarified, and Cinnamomum nitidum (Roxb.) Hook. is shown to be the correct name for C. burmanni (Nees &amp; T. Nees) Blume. A proposal to reject the name Laurus nitida Roxb., in order to maintain the accepted nomenclature of this important spice plant has been submitted. A number of cases are highlighted where later application of names first validated in the Hortus Bengalensis conflicts with their typification. These include Bambusa baccifera Roxb. (≡ Melocanna baccifera (Roxb.) Kurz), Calamus latifolius Roxb., Arum gracile Roxb. and Morinda bracteata Roxb. Proposals to conserve Bambusa baccifera Roxb. and Calamus latifolius Roxb. with conserved types have been made in order to maintain the current application of these and other important bamboo and rattan names. Despite the work of Robinson, and subsequent analyses of Merrill and others, certain names validated by Roxburgh are still not always recognised as the correct ones, e.g. Holostemma annularium (Roxb.) K. Schum. for H. ada–kodien Schult., Bambusa spinosa Roxb. for B. blumeana Schult. f., Ficus racemifera Roxb. for F. nodosa Teijsm. &amp; Binnend. A number of nomenclatural changes are required based on the current investigation: Typhonium harpung Srib., J. Murata, K. Iwats. &amp; I.M. Turner, replaces T. gracile (Roxb.) Schott excluding its nomenclatural type; Aganosma heynei (Spreng.) I.M. Turner, comb. nov., replaces A. dichotoma K. Schum., Hibiscus tortuosus Roxb. (≡ Talipariti tortuosum (Roxb.) Fryxell) is a synonym of Talipariti tiliaceum (L.) Fryxell, Diospyros nigra (J.F. Gmel.) Perr. is the correct name for D. digyna Jacq., the Nicobar breadfruit is correctly Pandanus leram Jones ex R. Millar, Sesbania aculeata (Schreb.) Pers. is the correct name for Sesbania bispinosa (Jacq.) Spreng. ex Steud., Asclepias senecionifolia M.E. Jones is the correct name for A. rosea Kunth and Salvia cana Wall. ex Benth. is correct for what has been called S. lanata Roxb. or S. mukerjeei Bennet &amp; Raizada. Lectotypes are designated for 46 names and neotypes are designated for two names. Epitypes are designated for three names in which the identity of the lectotype is demonstrably ambiguous.
One third of the variability in HDL‐cholesterol level in a large dyslipidaemic population is predicted by age, sex and triglyceridaemia:The Paris La Pitié Study (2006)

Eight independent determinants of HDL-C account for 41% of variability in HDL-C in our dyslipidaemic population. Three of them, i.e. age, sex and degree of triglyceridaemia accounted for more than one third of such variability. The high prevalence of low HDL-C phenotypes in dyslipidaemic patients at elevated cardiovascular risk emphasises the need for both lifestyle and pharmacological strategies of intervention to raise HDL-C.
High quality GaN crystal grown by hydride vapor-phase epitaxy on SCAATTM (2020)

GaN crystal with 4.2 mm thickness and size lager than 2 inch without cracks and pits was realized by hydride vapor-phase epitaxy (HVPE) on an acidic ammonothermal (SCAATTM) seed. The average threading dislocation (TD) density was as small as 1.4 × 103 cm−2. Multi-photon excitation photoluminescence revealed that complete one-to-one correspondence of TD at the interface between the seed and epilayer was realized. A comparison between HVPE-GaN film grown on SCAATTM seed and that grown on a conventional self-standing HVPE-GaN seed showed the smaller TDD of SCAATTM than conventional one resulted in a smaller change of residual stress in the crystal.
At the crossroads in air-traffic control I. The view from the ground - the congested airports; the Common IFR Room; present and future automated systems; plans of the FAA; problems of the air-traffic controllers (1970)

The ever-increasing volume of aircraft operations of all types (commercial, private, and military) is taxing present terminal and en route control systems and equipment-and air-traffic controllers-to the outer limits of their respective handling capacities and endurance. Thus the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has been obliged to formulate detailed plans to meet the challenge of phenomenal aviation growth forecast for the decade of the '70s, and beyond. For the initial ten-year time slot, the FAA has proposed many system improvements that could be provided by annual appropriations of $250 million for facilities and equipment, and $60 million for R&D. For example, en route and air-terminal automation expanded radar service and coverage, increased federal assistance to airports, and improved navigation and landing aids are some elements now in the planning stage to ensure greater airborne safety, to increase traffic-handling capabilities, and to promote more efficient service for the air passenger. This first installment deals with the ground-control systems that will eventually form an integrated and automated network in the 48 contiguous states of the U.S.
152: Long Term Remission in Philadelphia-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (Ph+ ALL) Patients After Allogeneic Myeloablative Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT) Using Matched Related Donors: The 20 Year Experience at Stanford University and City of Hope National Medical Center (2008)

Tabled 110-Year OutcomesDisease StatusnFolllowup (range)OSEFSRelapseNRMCR14975 months (14–180)54%48%28%31%>CR130127 months (16–245)29%26%41%54%p value0.010.020.280.03 Open table in a new tab
Coastal and offshore structures, wave and wind loading Microstructural effect on the marine corrosion of low-carbon steel weldments (2019)

To assure adequate fire performance of concrete structures, appropriate knowledge and adequate, practical models of concrete at elevated temperatures are crucial yet current lacking, prompting further research. This paper first highlights the limitations of inconsistent thermal boundary conditions in conventional fire testing; and of using constitutive models developed based on empirical data developed testing concrete under minimised temperature gradients in modelling of concrete with significant temperature gradients. On that basis, the paper outlines key features of a test setup used for the accurate control of the thermal boundary conditions when testing concrete at elevated temperatures, using radiant panels to generate well-defined and reproducible heating regimes. The repeatability, consistency and uniformity of thermal boundary conditions are demonstrated using measurements of heat flux and in-depth temperature of test specimens. Compressive strength is also investigated. The initial data collected clearly suggested that the incident heat fluxes, and thus the associated temperature gradient, has potentially significant effects on concrete mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. Further research is thus ongoing to quantify such effects and also to develop constitutive models accounting for a wide range of heating conditions; from very slow to extremely rapid heating. The proposed models could be included into effective rational knowledge-based fire design and analysis of concrete structures.
Studies in Sulfur Heterocycles.Part 16:Synthesis of [1]Benzothieno[3,2-b]pyrans via Tandem Reactionsfrom 2,3-Dihydrobenzo[b]thiophene-3(2H)ones (2003)

Sequential treatment of N,N-diethyl-2-methylsulfanyl aryl amides with LDA and p-anisaldehyde, 1-naphthaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde afforded the corresponding thioaurones. Heating the thioaurones derived from cinnamaldehyde, above 200 °C resulted in electrocyclic ring closure and sigmatropic shift in tandem to give substituted [1]benzothieno[3,2-b]pyran. Treatment of N,N-diethyl-2-methylsulfanyl-5-methoxy benzamide and crotonaldehyde gave 4-methyl-8-methoxy[1]benzothieno[3,2-b]pyran via conjugate nucleophilic addition and ring closure in one pot. Possible mechanistic pathways are discussed.