gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Towards A Lightweight Identity Management and Secure Authentication for IoT Using Blockchain (2022)

Handling nodes identities and authentication is one of the current critical security challenges in an Internet of Things (IoT) environment, which consists of numerous devices with limited computation, communication, storage, and power capabilities. Motivated by the need to maintain trustworthiness in IoT networks to secure node-to-node or user-to-node communication, a blockchain-based identity management and secure authentication mechanism for a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) scenario is proposed in this paper. The considered WSN is assumed to have three types of nodes: base station, cluster heads, and monitor nodes. The WSN is connected through the base station to the IoT cloud. The proposed system employs a private blockchain for internal authentication of cluster heads and monitor nodes, while a public blockchain is deployed between the base station and the IoT cloud to authenticate communication across different WSNs and end-users. Furthermore, a machine learning-based detection module is utilized to mitigate possible denial-of-service (DoS) attacks that may target cluster head nodes, raising the registration and authentication costs for monitor nodes within its vicinity and amplifying other blockchain attacks.
Physically Based Rendering, Second Edition: From Theory To Implementation (2010)

Physically Based Rendering, 2nd Edition describes both the mathematical theory behind a modern photorealistic rendering system as well as its practical implementation. A method - known as 'literate programming'- combines human-readable documentation and source code into a single reference that is specifically designed to aid comprehension. The result is a stunning achievement in graphics education. Through the ideas and software in this book, you will learn to design and employ a full-featured rendering system for creating stunning imagery. New sections on subsurface scattering, Metropolis light transport, precomputed light transport, multispectral rendering, and much more.Includes a companion site complete with source code for the rendering system described in the book, with support for Windows, OS X, and Linux. Please visit, www.pbrt.org. Code and text are tightly woven together through a unique indexing feature that lists each function, variable, and method on the page that they are first described.
Plant Immune System Activation Upon Citrus Leprosis Virus C Infection Is Mimicked by the Ectopic Expression of the P61 Viral Protein (2020)

Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C, genus <i>Cilevirus</i>, family <i>Kitaviridae</i>) is an atypical virus that does not spread systemically in its plant hosts. Upon its inoculation by <i>Brevipalpus</i> mites, only localized lesions occur, and the infection remains limited to cells around mite feeding sites. Here, we aimed to gain insights into the putative causes of viral unfitness in plants by expanding the limited knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying plant/kitavirid interactions. Firstly, we quantified the CiLV-C viral RNAs during the infection in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> plants using RT-qPCR and systematized it by defining three stages of distinguishing subgenomic and genomic RNA accumulation: i) 0-24 h after infestation, ii) 2-4 days after infestation (dai), and iii) 6-10 dai. Accordingly, the global plant response to CiLV-C infection was assessed by RNA-Seq at each period. Results indicated a progressive reprogramming of the plant transcriptome in parallel to the increasing viral loads. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed the induction of cell growth-related processes at the early stages of the infection and the triggering of the SA-mediated pathway, ROS burst and hypersensitive response (HR) at the presymptomatic stage. Conversely, infected plants downregulated JA/ET-mediated pathways and processes involved in the primary metabolism including photosynthesis. Marker genes of unfolded protein response were also induced, suggesting a contribution of the endoplasmic reticulum stress to the cell death caused by the viral infection. Finally, we transiently expressed CiLV-C proteins in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> plants to undertake their roles in the elicited plant responses. Expression of the CiLV-C P61 protein consistently triggered ROS burst, upregulated SA- and HR-related genes, increased SA levels, reduced JA levels, and caused cell death. Mimicry of responses typically observed during CiLV-C-plant interaction indicates P61 as a putative viral effector causing the HR-like symptoms associated with the infection. Our data strengthen the hypothesis that symptoms of CiLV-C infection might be the outcome of a hypersensitive-like response during an incompatible interaction. Consequently, the locally restricted infection of CiLV-C, commonly observed across infections by kitavirids, supports the thesis that these viruses, likely arising from an ancestral arthropod-infecting virus, are unable to fully circumvent plant defenses.
Correlation between Energy Transfer and Phase Separation in Emissive Polymer Blends (1999)

Poly(phenylene vinylene) (PPV) is the first conjugated polymer used in the light-emitting devices.1-6 However, the polymer is insoluble, intractable, infusible, and thus cannot be easily processed by the conventional spin-coating. One of the most studied PPV derivatives which are soluble in organic solvents is poly[2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethyl)hexoxy-1,4phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV).7,8 Significant enhancement in the efficiency of light emission can be achieved by blending two emissive polymers.9-11 In particular, the quantum efficiency of MEH-PPV was highly improved by blending with the blue-emissive poly [1,3-propanedioxy-1,4-phenylene-1,2-ethylene-(2,5-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,4-phenylene)-1,2-ethylene-1,4-phenylene] (DSiPV).12-14 The blend systems showed light emission from MEH-PPV with enhanced efficiency without any emission from DSiPV. The relative quantum efficiencies increased, reaching the maximum for the weight ratio of MEHPPV : DSiPV = 1 : 15, of which the electroluminescence was almost 500 times larger than that of the sole MEH-PPV, even though the threshold voltages in the blend systems became larger as the composition ratio of DSiPV was increased. The picosecond time-resolved fluorescent decay profiles of the blend polymers showed that the decay lifetime of MEH-PPV was increased with the weight fraction of DSiPV.15 These indicate that the energy transfer between the two polymers is enhanced and the intermolecular quenching is reduced with increasing the weight ratio of DSiPV, thus the emission intensity from MEH-PPV is increased. In order to fully understand the blending in the light emission of the polymers, more systematic approach is required. Poly[1,8-octanedioxy-1,4-phenylenevinylene-2-methoxy-5(2'-ethyl) hexoxy-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-DPV), which is analogous to the blue-emissive polymer previously reported by Zyung et al.,16 was synthesized in our laboratory (Figure 1). The only difference between the two polymers is the length of the non-conjugated segment: the non-conjugated hydrocarbon of MEH-DPV consists of eight methylene groups while that of the reported analog consists of three methylene groups. The increased hydrocarbon chain length of the non-conjugated segment improves solubility of the polymer but lowers the glass transition temperature. The blend films composed of MEH-PPV and MEH-PPV showed photoluminescence (PL) originated from either MEH-PPV or both of the polymers, depending on the relative ratio of the two components. This observation could be explained in terms of the phase separation or miscibility of the two polymers in the blend surface, which is dependent on the ratio of the two components.
Supplementary Table S2 from MiR-222 Overexpression Confers Cell Migratory Advantages in Hepatocellular Carcinoma through Enhancing AKT Signaling (2023)

Supplementary Table S2 from MiR-222 Overexpression Confers Cell Migratory Advantages in Hepatocellular Carcinoma through Enhancing AKT Signaling
Interaction between Static Fatigue and Zero-Stress Aging in E-glass Fiber Composites (2003)

Interaction between static fatigue and zero stress aging of E-glass fiber composites is investigated. A comprehensive gathering of available experimental data for E-glass fibers and unidirectional composites is presented. A methodology is proposed that allows us to utilize seemingly ill-assorted data developed under noncomparable environmental exposure conditions. This is made possible by using the concept of inert aged strength, which allows us to homogenize all aging data regardless of the conditions of exposure by shifting it to the inert condition. Such inert aged data is then used to generalize the static fatigue model. Models for the two phenomena, static fatigue and zero-stress aging, acting separately and jointly are presented. Conditions are established for proper determination of the static fatigue susceptibility. Available experimental data of fibers and unidirectional composites is used to support the arguments made for an interacting model. The conditions for which aging becomes significant are outlined.
Functional Roles of the Conserved Aromatic Amino Acid Residues at Position 108 (Motif IV) and Position 196 (Motif VIII) in Base Flipping and Catalysis by the N6-Adenine DNA Methyltransferase from Thermus aquaticus (1999)

The DNA methyltransferase (Mtase) from Thermus aquaticus (M.TaqI) catalyzes the transfer of the activated methyl group of S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the N6 position of adenine within the double-stranded DNA sequence 5'-TCGA-3'. To achieve catalysis M.TaqI flips the target adenine out of the DNA helix. On the basis of the three-dimensional structure of M.TaqI in complex with the cofactor and its structural homology to the C5-cytosine DNA Mtase from Haemophilus haemolyticus, Tyr 108 and Phe 196 were suggested to interact with the extrahelical adenine. The functional roles of these two aromatic amino acid residues in M.TaqI were investigated by mutational analysis. The obtained mutant Mtases were analyzed in an improved kinetic assay, and their ability to flip the target base was studied in a fluorescence-based assay using a duplex oligodeoxynucleotide containing the fluorescent base analogue 2-aminopurine at the target position. While the mutant Mtases containing the aromatic amino acid Trp at position 108 or 196 (Y108W and F196W) showed almost wild-type catalytic activity, the mutant Mtases with the nonaromatic amino acid Ala (Y108A and F196A) had a strongly reduced catalytic constant. Y108A was still able to flip the target base, whereas F196A was strongly impaired in base flipping. These results indicate that Phe 196 is important for stabilizing the extrahelical target adenine and suggest that Tyr 108 is involved in placing the extrahelical target base in an optimal position for methyl group transfer. Since both aromatic amino acids belong to the conserved motifs IV and XIII found in N6-adenine and N4-cytosine DNA Mtases as well as in N6-adenine RNA Mtases, a similar function of aromatic amino acid residues within these motifs is expected for the different Mtases.
Subchondral bone sclerosis in osteoarthritis: not just an innocent bystander (2003)

Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA) is considered to be a complex illness in which the tissues of the joint play a significant role in the initiation and/or progression of the pathophysiology. We still do not completely understand what initiates the degradation and loss of cartilage. However, it has been suggested that increased catabolism due to elevated cytokines and growth factors in OA joints plays a significant role. Recent evidence suggests a key role for the subchondral bone tissue in the progression and/or initiation of OA. Indeed, the subchondral bone tissue produces a number of similar proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors are involved in cartilage tissue remodeling. Interestingly, studies have shown the presence of clefts or channels in the tidemark that appears early in OA, indicating a possible way to traffic cytokines and growth factors from the subchondral compartment to the overlying cartilage. Therefore, it is possible that certain bone-derived products drive cartilage metabolism. Potential candidates include insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Demonstrating that the subchondral bone plays a role in the initiation of OA would greatly contribute to furthering our knowledge of this pathology and provide new insights for therapeutic approaches.
Experimental characterization and control of a four-way non-isolating power combiner (2016)

In multi-way outphasing systems, a particular output power can be produced by multiple different combinations of input control phases. As a result, outphasing control angles can be selected to satisfy additional criteria, for example to control the input impedances to the four ports. This work explores an experimentally-determined outphasing control law based on network analyzer measurements of a fabricated 4-way combining structure. The experimental control law improves matching among the four input ports by approximately 10%.
Population dynamics of thrips and development of an integrated pest management program using the predator Franklinothrips vespiformis (2012)

International audience
Efficient effective image based localization (2014)

The problem of image-based localization is the problem of accurately determining the position and orientation from which a novel photo was taken relative to a 3D representation of the scene. It is encountered in many interesting applications such as pedestrian or robot navigation, Augmented Reality, or Structure-from-Motion, creating a strong need for algorithms solving the image-based localization problem. In this thesis, we therefore present solutions to this problem that are both effective and efficient, i.e., we propose methods that can localize novel query images taken under a wide range of viewing conditions while requiring only a small amount of processing time. We assume that the 3D scene representation is obtained by using Structure-from-Motion techniques to reconstruct the environment from a set of photos. As a result, we can associate each 3D point with multiple image descriptors modeling the local appearance of the scene around this point. We can then obtain 2D-3D correspondences between 2D feature points in the query image and 3D scene points in the model by solving a descriptor matching problem. These 2D-3D matches can in turn be used to estimate the camera position of the query image, i.e., the position and orientation from which it was taken. The main difficulty of descriptor matching lies in the sheer size of the problem, since our models contain millions of 3D points while thousands of features are found in our query images. As a major contribution, we show that the resulting descriptor matching problem can still be solved very efficiently using prioritized search. We propose a prioritization scheme that is easy to implement, yet can be expected to perform close to optimal in practice. By combining our prioritization with a novel active search step that is able to discover additional matches, we are able to derive an image-based localization approach that achieves or surpasses state-of-the-art effectiveness while offering the fastest run-times published so far. Analyzing such direct matching methods, we demonstrate that their major advantage, namely their ability to identify a set of high-quality matches, also prevents their scalability to larger datasets. Consequently, we also consider image retrieval methods for image-based localization since they are inherently more scalable. As a second major contribution, we identify the algorithmic factors preventing image retrieval methods to achieve the same effectiveness as our original system and propose a modification that is able to close the gap in effectiveness without sacrificing scalability.
Demonstration of a high-power FEL oscillator with high extraction-efficiency (2002)

IR-FEL lasing over kilowatt average power has been demonstrated at JAERI-FEL driven by a superconducting linac. The lasing is distinguished from other FEL oscillators by its high extraction-efficiency, 6%, and unique cavity-length detuning curve. The lasing at JAERI-FEL has the maximum power at the perfect synchronism between the optical pulse and the electron bunch, while usual FEL oscillators require cavity-length shortening to compensate laser lethargy. Numerical analyses show that the lasing observed at JAERI-FEL is a new type of FEL lasing: quasistationary superradiance, which gives an extraction efficiency higher than the theoretical prediction previously reported. Our analyses also indicate that long stable macro-pulses generated by the superconducting linac are indispensable to establish this new type of lasing.
Semantic-Enabled Clone Detection (2013)

We introduce semantic-enabled clone detection, as an approach that emphasizes on importance of the token semantics during the pattern matching for clone detection. This approach can be realized using Semantic Web and its support for knowledge modeling. While the Semantic Web has found wide acceptance in various application and research domains, it still lacks the same acceptance in the source code analysis domain. In this paper we focus on how the Semantic Web and its support for semantic modeling and knowledge retrieval can be applied towards source code clone detection and search. We discuss both, open challenges in the source code clone detection domain, as well as both theoretical and practical aspects on how the Semantic Web can address some of these challenges.
Easy Lotus Notes release 4.0 (1996)

From the Publisher:
Save time and effort - discover the fastest, easiest way to get up to speed with Lotus Notes Release 4.0. Easy Lotus Notes Release 4.0 shows you all the essentials in full color, so collecting, sharing, and organizing information is easier than ever. This fully illustrated, step-by-step guide uses a proven approach to learning the basics. Just follow the simple directions, watch the tasks unfold on sample screen pictures, and then do it yourself! Step-by-step lessons show you how to use the Notes Mail database to send and receive e-mail, create your own database, access information from your home or on the road, contribute to discussion group databases, and customize Notes to work the way you do.
RuBisCO-like proteins as the enolase enzyme in the methionine salvage pathway: functional and evolutionary relationships between RuBisCO-like proteins and photosynthetic RuBisCO (2007)

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) is the key enzyme in the fixation of CO(2) in the Calvin cycle of plants. Many genome projects have revealed that bacteria, including Bacillus subtilis, possess genes for proteins that are similar to the large subunit of RuBisCO. These RuBisCO homologues are called RuBisCO-like proteins (RLPs) because they are not able to catalyse the carboxylase or the oxygenase reactions that are catalysed by photosynthetic RuBisCO. It has been demonstrated that B. subtilis RLP catalyses the 2,3-diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate (DK-MTP-1-P) enolase reaction in the methionine salvage pathway. The structure of DK-MTP-1-P is very similar to that of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) and the enolase reaction is a part of the reaction catalysed by photosynthetic RuBisCO. In this review, functional and evolutionary relationships between B. subtilis RLP of the methionine salvage pathway, other RLPs, and photosynthetic RuBisCO are discussed. In addition, the fundamental question, 'How has RuBisCO evolved?' is also considered, and evidence is presented that RuBisCOs evolved from RLPs.
Platelets are mitogenic for periosteum‐derived cells (2003)

The early stages of bone regeneration are associated with a high mitogenic activity of periosteal cells. Here we addressed the question of whether platelets that accumulate within the developing haematoma can account for this tissue response. Addition of platelets, platelet-released supernatants, platelet membranes, and microparticles to bovine periosteum-derived cells resulted in an increase in 3H-thymidine incorporation; lipid extracts had no effect. Platelet-released supernatants retained their activity after incubation at 56 degrees C, but not at 100 degrees C. Gel chromatographic analysis revealed the highest mitogenic activity at approximately 35 kD. Of the factors released from activated platelets, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) increased 3H-thymidine incorporation. The mitogenic activity of platelet-released supernatants was decreased by anti-PDGF, and anti-bFGF antibodies. Platelet-released supernatants increased the number of proliferating periosteum-derived cells as determined by the expression pattern of Ki67. Platelet-released supernatants also resulted in a stimulation of cell proliferation in periosteal explants. These results suggest that platelets have the potential to stimulate the mitogenic response of the periosteum during bone repair.
AFM Observations and Composition Analyses of the Top Surfaces of HA Implants (2017)

From the perspective of excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity of hydroxyapatite (HA), the frequency of use of HA implants has been steadily increasing in recent years. But the coating layer of certain commercialized HA implants may not be primarily composed of HA, and it may be assumed that the coating layers, contained some HA components, are automatically categorized to the HA implant. The characteristics of the implant to vital tissues are attributable to the properties of the surface components of the implant. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses of the HA coating have been performed previously, but SEM has some difficulties in showing clear images of the HA crystal due to the influence of coating conditions etc., and the results obtained from XRD are not limited to the surface where contact with vital tissues, but also exhibit the inner components of the coating layer. Therefore, it might be assumed that reports limited to the top surface of the HA coating have still not been published. In this study, AFM observations, and XPS and micro-XRD analyses were performed on the top surface of five commercially available HA implants. AFM results showed that HA crystals were clearly observed on the surface of two samples. XPS and micro-XRD analyses exhibited that HA was detected in all the samples, but other substances including Ti, TiO2, CaTiO3, etc., were also confirmed in several samples. These results showed that HA was present on the top surface of all HA implants, and also indicated that all implants might exhibit some sort of biocompatibility and osteoconductivity due to their bioactive natures caused by HA.
Environmental Contamination as a Risk Factor for Intra-Household Staphylococcus aureus Transmission (2012)

Environmental contamination with a colonizing or clinical infection strain was significantly and independently associated with transmission in a large community-based sample. Environmental contamination should be considered when treating S. aureus infections, particularly among households with multiple infected members.