gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Towards a Tandem‐Radical Macrocyclization‐Transannular Cyclization Approach to Steroids: Transannular Cyclizations of a Macrocyclic Core. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Steady state analysis of hysteretic control buck converters (2008)

This paper presents the analysis of a hysteretic control buck converter by means of variable structure system theory because a hysteretic control buck converter is inherently a variable structure system owing to the presence of switching actions. Analysis results show the relationship between the steady state performance and a number of parameters, in particular the output capacitorpsilas ESR. If the ESR is too small, the output voltage ripple will increase significantly and a phase shift is resulted. Although these phenomena are commonly known in the field, there is no analytical result to articulate them.
Linearized Neural Predictive Control A Turbocharged SI Engine Application (2005)

Nowadays, (engine) downsizing using turbocharging appears as a major way for reducing fuel consumption. With this aim in view, the air actuators (throttle, Turbo WasteGate) control is needed for an efficient engine torque control particularly to reduce pumping losses and to increase efficiency. This work proposes Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) of the air actuators for turbocharged SI engines where the predictions are achieved by a neural model. The results obtained from a test bench of a Smart MCC engine show the real time applicability of the proposed method based on on-line linearization and the good control performances (good tracking, no overshoot) for various engine speeds.
New algorithm and accelerometer locations for frontal crash discrimination (2001)

Several crash discrimination algorithms have been developed in order to have timely air bag deployment during frontal crashes. However, it is still challenging to have timely air bag deployment, especially during pole, underride, oblique and offset crashes. Therefore, in this paper, a new algorithm for frontal crash discrimination is proposed, with the summation of the absolute value of the deceleration change being used as a metric and with the metric and its threshold being processed as a function of the velocity change. The new algorithm was applied to frontal crashes of a minivan and a sports utility vehicle, and it resulted in timely air bag deployment for frontal crashes, including pole, underride, oblique and offset crashes. Moreover, it is proposed that an accelerometer be installed on each side of the rockers or pillars to assess the crash severity of each side and to deploy driver and passenger air bags at different times, especially during an asymmetric crash such as an oblique and an offset crash. As an example, the deceleration signals measured at the left and right B-pillar/rocker locations were processed through the algorithm, and earlier time-to-fires (TTFs) were obtained for the air bag on the struck side than for the air bag on the non-struck side.
Expression of HPV-16 L1 capsomeres with glutathione-S-transferase as a fusion protein in tobacco plastids: An approach for a capsomere-based HPV vaccine (2014)

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer, which is the second most severe cancer of women worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Although vaccines against HPV infection are commercially available, they are neither affordable nor accessible to women in low income countries e.g. Africa. Thus, alternative cost-effective vaccine production approaches need to be developed. This study uses tobacco plants to express pentameric capsomeres of HPV that have been reported to generate elevated immune responses against HPV. A modified HPV-16 L1 (L1_2xCysM) protein has been expressed as a fusion protein with glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in tobacco chloroplasts following biolistic transformation. In total 7 transplastomic lines with healthy phenotypes were generated. Site specific integration of the GST-L1_2xCysM and aadA genes was confirmed by PCR. Southern blot analysis verified homogenous transformation of all transplastomic lines. Antigen capture ELISA with the conformation-specific antibody Ritti01, showed protein expression as well as the retention of immunogenic epitopes of L1 protein. In their morphology, GST-L1 expressing tobacco plants were identical to wild type plants and yielded fertile flowers. Taken together, these data enrich knowledge for future development of cost-effective plant-made vaccines against HPV.
Ghrelin (2015)

In recent years, ghrelin has been found to have a plethora of central and peripheral actions in distinct areas including learning and memory, gut motility and gastric acid secretion, sleep/wake rhythm, reward seeking behavior, taste sensation and glucose metabolism.
Chiral probe development for circularly polarised luminescence: comparative study of structural factors determining the degree of induced CPL with four heptacoordinate europium(iii) complexes (2015)

A series of bright, europium(iii) complexes has been prepared based on an achiral heptadentate triazacyclononane ligand bearing two strongly absorbing, coordinated aralkynyl pyridyl moieties. The binding of chiral carboxylates, including α-hydroxy acids such as lactate and mandelate, has been monitored by emission spectroscopy and is signalled by the switching on of strong circularly polarised emission. In each case, an R-chiral carboxylate gave rise to emission typical of a Δ complex, most clearly shown in the form of the ΔJ = 4 transition manifold around 700 nm. Variations in the sign and magnitude of the CPL allow the enantiomeric purity and absolute configuration of the acid to be assessed in a sample. Analysis of the relative energies of the parent aqua complexes and their stereoisomeric adducts has been aided by lifetime measurements and density functional theory calculations.
Alternative Product Label Reading and Speech Conversion: An Aid for Blind Person (2017)

An aid to help handicap people is proposed in this paper for reading text labels in their day to day life which can be executed by isolating the object through cluttered backgrounds or either surrounding object in the camera view. This paper establishes a productive and efficient motion based technique for defining a region of interest (ROI) in the video by shaking the object in the image. Gaussian based background subtraction method is used for extracting region of movement of an object. Text localization and recognition is done by using extracted ROI; since it is useful for retrieving text information. Learning gradient features based algorithm is used for text localization in an Adaboost model. Optical Character recognition technique is used for recognizing text characters in localized text regions. These text codes are then recognized and then converted into speech signal as output for visually impaired people.
Discovery of Benzodiazepine Sulfonamide-Based Bombesin Receptor Subtype 3 Agonists and Their Unusual Chirality (2011)

We report herein the discovery of benzodiazepine sulfonamide-based bombesin receptor subtype 3 (BRS-3) agonists and their unusual chirality. Starting from a high-throughput screening lead, we prepared a series of BRS-3 agonists with improved potency and pharmacokinetic properties, of which compound 8a caused mechanism-based, dose-dependent food intake reduction and body weight loss after oral dosing in diet-induced obese mice. This effort also led to the discovery of a novel family of chiral molecules originated from the conformationally constrained seven-membered diazepine ring.
A simple processing sequence for selective emitters [Si solar cells] (2002)

A novel method to form selective emitters in only one diffusion step without etching or masking steps has been recently introduced for Si solar cells. A phosphorous containing doping source is applied selectively to the front side of a p-type crystalline Si substrate in the form of a paste and subsequently dried. The print is performed with advanced screen printing equipment that allows very precise positioning. In only one diffusion step, deeply diffused regions form under the printed doping source. At the same time, the adjacent regions become weaker doped by P atoms diffusing indirectly from the printed source through the gas ambient into those regions that were not covered by the P paste. The advantages of such a processing sequence over typical industrial processes are addressed. Results from an ongoing optimisation of such a sequence are given and interpreted.
Feasibility of 100-Gb/s 10000-km single-channel optical transmission by midway optical phase conjugation incorporated with third-order dispersion compensation (2001)

In optical phase conjugation systems, the third-order dispersion of fibers almost linearly accumulates along the transmission distance, and the distortion induced from the third-order dispersion can be perfectly compensated by using a linear third-order dispersion compensator placed at any point of the system. We demonstrate by numerical simulations that 100-Gb/s single-channel transmission can be achieved over a 10000-km distance in midway optical phase conjugation transmission systems by compensating the third-order dispersion.
A Modular and Size‐Selective Synthesis of [n]Cycloparaphenylenes: A Step toward the Selective Synthesis of [n,n] Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2010)

A modular strategy served in the size-selective syntheses of [14]-, [15]-, and [16]cycloparaphenylenes (CPPs). A Suzuki–Miyaura coupling was used to assemble a terphenyl-equivalent, L-shaped cis-1,4-diphenylcyclohexane unit and a linear benzene/biphenyl unit in a 3+1+3 or 3+2+3 mode to give U-shaped septi- and octiphenyl units. The cyclizative dimerization of these U-shaped units and subsequent aromatization yielded the CPPs. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Thermal Interface Evaluation of Heat Transfer from a Pumped Loop to Titanium-Water Thermosyphons (2009)

Titanium-water thermosyphons are being considered for use in the heat rejection system for lunar outpost fission surface power. Key to their use is heat transfer between a closed loop heat source and the heat pipe evaporators. This work describes laboratory testing of several interfaces that were evaluated for their thermal performance characteristics, in the temperature range of 350 to 400 K, utilizing a water closed loop heat source and multiple thermosyphon evaporator geometries. A gas gap calorimeter was used to measure heat flow at steady state. Thermocouples in the closed loop heat source and on the evaporator were used to measure thermal conductance. The interfaces were in two generic categories, those immersed in the water closed loop heat source and those clamped to the water closed loop heat source with differing thermal conductive agents. In general, immersed evaporators showed better overall performance than their clamped counterparts. Selected clamped evaporator geometries offered promise.
Installation Restoration General Environmental Technology Development. Field Demonstration of Incinerator Feed System for Explosives-Contaminated Soils. Volume 1. (1987)

Abstract : As a result of past munitions handling operations, the U.S. Army has numerous lagoons which contain varying amounts of explosives contaminated sludge. Rotary kiln incineration has been identified and demonstrated as a treatment technology for explosives contaminated sludge. Prior to the performance of this task order, no safety approved feed system existed for explosives contaminated sludge. However, a safety-approved feed system will be required before incineration can be used in the field to decontaminate these sludges. This report describes the full scale field demonstration of the safety approved feed system completed in July 1986. However, the incinerator feed system development was initiated in September 1982 under WESTON's Task Order No. 2 which involved the field demonstration of a pilot scale incineration system for explosives contaminated soils.
Efficient all-optical helicity-dependent switching in Pt/Co/Pt with dual laser pulses (2019)

All-optical helicity-dependent switching (AO-HDS) in ferromagnetic metals so far requires at least 100-1000 laser pulses for fully switching their magnetic states. We demonstrate that using a combination of a short, 90-fs linearly polarized pulse and a subsequent longer, 3-ps circularly polarized pulse can reduce the number of pulses for full switching to 4 pulse pairs in a single stack of Pt/Co/Pt. Dual-pulse AO-HDS proceeds via helicity-independent stochastic nucleation of switched domains and subsequent deterministic helicity-dependent domain wall motion. The ultrafast decrease of the magnetic properties triggered by the short pulse plays a key role in dual-pulse AO-HDS. The obtained results suggest that the dual-pulse approach is a potential route towards realizing efficient AO-HDS in ferromagnetic metals.
SYNTHESES OF POLYSILOXANE-BRIDGED DINUCLEAR METALLOCENES AND THEIR CATALYTIC ACTIVITIES (1997)

The polysiloxane-bridged dinuclear metallocenes (n=1 (7), 2 (8), 3 (9)) have been generated as a model complex for the immobilized metallocene at silica surface by treating the respective disodium salts of the ligands with 2 equivalents of in THF. All three complexes are characterized by NMR and measurement of metal content through ICP-MS. It turned out that the values of , the chemical shift difference between the distal and proximal protons, for the produced dinuclear compounds (0.47 for 7, 0.49 for 8, and 0.5 for 9) were larger than the Δδ value of the known ansa-type complex holding the same ligand as a chelating one, that is just the opposite to the normal trend. In order to compare polymerization behavior of the dinuclear metallocene with the corresponding mononuclear metallocene, (Cp) was separately prepared. To investigate the catalytic properties of the dinuclear complexes and mononuclear metallocenes ethylene polymerization has been conducted in the presence of MMAO. The polymerization results display the typical activity dependence on polymerization temperature for all complexes. The most important feature is that the polymers from the dinuclear metallocenes represent enormously improved molecular weight compared with the polymer from the corresponding mononuclear metallocene. In addition, the influence of the nature of the bridging ligand upon the reactivities of the dinuclear metallocenes has also been observed.
Statistical Framework for Designing On-Chip Thermal Sensing Infrastructure in Nanoscale Systems (2013)

Thermal/power issues have become increasingly important with more and more transistors being placed on a single chip. Many dynamic thermal/power management techniques have been proposed to address such issues but they all depend heavily on accurate knowledge of the chip's thermal state during runtime. In this paper, we describe a unified statistical framework for designing an on-chip thermal sensing infrastructure that can be used to track the chip's thermal state at runtime. Specifically, we address the following problems in this statistical framework: 1) sensor placement; 2) sensor data compression; 3) sensor data fusion; and 4) overall interplay. Our methods exploit the correlations between temperatures in different parts of the chip to drive sensor placement, data compression, and data fusion in both noiseless and noisy sensor cases. Our framework is also capable of choosing the appropriate degree of compression for each sensor while accounting for their local space constraints during deployment. The experimental results show that the root-mean-square error of the thermal estimates produced by our sensing infrastructure is on average 35% better than an equivalent system that uses a range-based placement scheme and a uniform compression scheme. It took our methods at most about 9 s to decide the overall solution for placement, compression, and data fusion at the design stage. This demonstrates the effectiveness and applicability of our unified statistical design methodology.
Non-canonical H3K79me2-dependent pathways promote the survival of MLL-rearranged leukemia (2021)

MLL-rearranged leukemia depends on H3K79 methylation. Depletion of this transcriptionally activating mark by DOT1L deletion or high concentrations of the inhibitor pinometostat downregulates <i>HOXA9</i> and <i>MEIS1</i>, and consequently reduces leukemia survival. Yet, some MLL-rearranged leukemias are inexplicably susceptible to low-dose pinometostat, far below concentrations that downregulate this canonical proliferation pathway. In this context, we define alternative proliferation pathways that more directly derive from H3K79me2 loss. By ICeChIP-seq, H3K79me2 is markedly depleted at pinometostat-downregulated and MLL-fusion targets, with paradoxical increases of H3K4me3 and loss of H3K27me3. Although downregulation of polycomb components accounts for some of the proliferation defect, transcriptional downregulation of FLT3 is the major pathway. Loss-of-FLT3-function recapitulates the cytotoxicity and gene expression consequences of low-dose pinometostat, whereas overexpression of constitutively active <i>STAT5A</i>, a target of FLT3-ITD-signaling, largely rescues these defects. This pathway also depends on MLL1, indicating combinations of DOT1L, MLL1 and FLT3 inhibitors should be explored for treating <i>FLT3-</i>mutant leukemia.
A solvent free process for the generation of strong, conducting carbon spheres by the thermal degradation of waste polyethylene terephthalate (2009)

An efficient, solvent-free, catalyst-free approach is reported for the synthesis of strong, paramagnetic, conducting carbon microspheres from used polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The thermal decomposition of used PET polymer at 700 °C for 3 h in a closed reactor under autogenic [self generating] pressure yielded exceptionally hard spherical (2 to 10 μm diameters) solid carbon bodies, with the average tensile strength for a single [∼6 μm diameter] carbon sphere calculated to be 8.30 ± 0.69 GPa.
Absolute brightness temperature measurements at 3.5-mm wavelength (1980)

Careful observations have been made at 86.1 GHz to derive the absolute brightness temperatures of the Sun ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7914 \pm 192</tex> K), Venus ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">357.5 \pm 13.1</tex> K), Jupiter ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">179.4 \pm 4.7</tex> K), and Saturn ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">153.4 \pm 4.8</tex> K) with a standard error of about three percent. This is a significant improvement in accuracy over previous results at millimeter wavelengths. A stable transmitter and novel superheterodyne receiver were constructed and used to determine the effective collecting area of the Millimeter Wave Observatory (MWO) 4.9-m antenna relative to a previously calibrated standard gain horn. The thermal scale was set by calibrating the radiometer with carefully constructed and tested hot and cold loads. The brightness temperatures may be used to establish an absolute calibration scale and to determine the antenna aperture and beam efficiencies of other radio telescopes at 3.5-mm wavelength.
Impact of optical I/O on FPGA electronic routing delays (2002)

Besides the actual optical link delay, the mere presence of the optical interconnect also has its impact on the on-chip electrical routing delays. We quantify these delays for a real (small scale) optoelectronic FPGA prototype. Our results indicate that future designs must consider this impact to achieve optimal performance.
Role of fibronectin in the migration of fibroblasts into plasma clots. (1986)

The adhesion and migration of human diploid fibroblasts on plasma clots were measured. The role of plasma fibronectin was examined by depleting plasma of fibronectin before clotting. Fibronectin was not essential for cell adhesion and spreading, although rates were slightly slower on depleted clots. Rates of migration on the surface of clots were unaffected by fibronectin depletion. In contrast, fibronectin was an absolute requirement for migration of cells into plasma clots. Cells migrated rapidly into control clots but completely failed to penetrate the surface of fibronectin-depleted clots. The effect of depletion could only be reversed by adding fibronectin to depleted plasma before clotting. Adsorption of fibronectin after clotting failed to reverse the effect of depletion, suggesting that fibronectin had to be cross-linked by transglutaminase during the clotting process.
Heat Treating of Boron Steels (2014)

Abstract This article provides a detailed discussion on the effect of boron in heat-treated steel and thermomechanically-simulated steel. It describes the boron hardenability mechanism and the effect of composition and heat treatment parameters on boron hardenability. The article examines the hardening behavior of unalloyed boron steel and low-alloyed boron steel in heat treatment experiments by varying the austenitizing temperatures and cooling conditions. It also discusses the applications of boron steels.
Neurological Dysfunctions Versus Regional Infarction Volume After Focal Ischemia in Mongolian Gerbils (2003)

Postischemic motor and somatosensory functions were significantly correlated with regional infarction volumes in the corresponding cortical regions. In gerbils, visual abnormality could be independently detected by the T-maze test. Such regional analyses of ischemic lesions would be useful for investigating the functional outcomes of stroke therapy.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Library versus library recognition and inhibition of the HIV-1 Nef allelome. (2005)

Rapid evolution of drug-resistant viruses renders essentially all small-molecule antiviral treatments ineffective. We demonstrate an in vitro library versus library approach to identify small molecules targeting a broad spectrum of HIV-1 Nef protein variants. The technique could provide more effective antiviral therapies. First, a library of clinically derived Nef allelic variants, termed an allelome, was selected for function by binding to Nef ligands p53, actin, or p56lck. Next, a library of small-molecule inhibitors challenged the Nef allelome in competition assays. In contrast to single-variant inhibition, structurally simpler molecules could better inhibit the Nef allelome. Additionally, Nef sequences selected for binding to p53 resembled sequences from patients with a rapid progression to AIDS phenotype. Thus, the allelome versus small-molecule library approach offers a route for improving antiviral drug discovery and elucidating fundamental mechanisms of viral pathogenesis and resistance. PMID: 16131168