gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Determination of acetonitrile and ethanol in water by guided microwave spectroscopy with multivariate calibration (2001)

The feasibility of using guided microwave spectroscopy (GMS) utilizing the frequency range 0.25-3.20 GHz, was combined with multivariate calibration for the determination of acetonitrile or ethanol concentration in water. A wide range of different concentrations was used (up to 30% v/v). Partial least squares (PLS) and weighted ridge regression (WRR) was applied to generate a model for prediction, based upon the microwave spectra. A high level of collinearity was observed in both of the sample data sets and this was reduced by background subtraction. The prediction ability for the two types of regression models were found to be comparable with the percentage error of prediction (PEP) being approximately 2.5% for the acetonitrile samples and 1.1% for ethanol samples.
Strategies to improve the efficiency of tertiary nitrifying trickling filters (2000)

The long term effects of the conditions for a biofilm reactor are governed by slow microbial processes, such as the growth and decay of the bacteria. Simulations of a trickling filter model based on a multi species dynamic biofilm model and data from an experiment, where an NTF had been alternatingly fed unnitrified and completely nitrified wastewater, agree fairly well. Two different operating strategies of NTFs are studied by simulation: periodically inversing the order of two NTFs in series and varying the flow through NTFs operating in parallel. The simulations indicate that both strategies have a potential of increasing the nitrifying capacity of filters operating at low ammonium load, provided the influent concentrations of organic matter are low. However, to what extent the capacity is increased depends on the specific death rate of the nitrifiers, which needs to be further studied.
Spontaneously Forming Ellipsoidal Phospholipid Unilamellar Vesicles and Their Interactions with Helical Domains of Saposin C (2006)

We have observed a bimodal distribution of ellipsoidal unilamellar vesicles (ULVs) in a phospholipid mixture composed of dioleoyl phosphatidylserine (DOPS) and dipalmitoyl and dihexanoyl phosphatidylcholine, DPPC and DHPC, respectively. Dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy data indicate a bimodal size distribution of these nanoparticles with hydrodynamic radii of approximately 200 and >500 nm, while small-angle neutron scattering data were fit using a model of coexisting monodisperse morphologies, namely, oblate and triaxial ellipsoidal vesicles. Unlike DOPS ULV formed by sonication, which can fuse days after being formed, these ULVs are stable over a period of 12 months at 4 degrees C. We also report on the structure of these ULVs associated with the two helical peptide domains (H1 and H2) of a glucosylprotein, namely, Saposin C, to gain some insight into protein-membrane interactions.
Magnetic and electromagnetic evaluation of the magnetic nanoparticle filled polyurethane nanocomposites (2007)

The magnetic and electromagnetic wave absorption behavior of a flexible iron-nanoparticle reinforced polyurethane nanocomposite is reported. Surface-initiated-polymerization (SIP) method was utilized to fabricate high-quality nanocomposites with uniform particle distribution and tunable particle loading (up to 65wt%). The enhancement of coercive force is observed when the nanoparticles are embedded into the polymer matrix. Electromagnetic wave absorption performance at a discrete frequency as studied by metal-backed reflection loss indicates that the SIP nanocomposites can save the weight up to 50% compared to the composite counterpart with micron-size particles.
An Approximate Theory of Tracing Distortion in Sound Reproduction from Phonograph Records (1941)

By means of a perturbation method a general formula is derived giving, as an expansion in powers of the amplitude, the motion of the center of a circle sliding on a warped surface representing any generalized recorded signal having a bounded spectrum. This formula must approach exactness for small amplitudes and is shown to agree substantially with the previous more exact analysis of Pierce and Hunt for a sinusoidal signal. The formula is then used to obtain general approximate expressions for tracing distortion in reproduction from both vertical and lateral cut records. The analytic expression for tracing distortion makes it possible to give a quantitative discussion of cross modulation products and permits a comparison between harmonic and cross modulation distortion for typical recorded signals. Rerecording as a method of reducing distortion is discussed, including the effect of the upper cut-off frequency to the recording channel.
DS_10.1177_0022034519863772 – Supplemental material for Dentin Priming with Amphipathic Antimicrobial Peptides (2019)

Supplemental material, DS_10.1177_0022034519863772 for Dentin Priming with Amphipathic Antimicrobial Peptides by D.G. Moussa, J.A. Kirihara, Z. Ye, N.G. Fischer, J. Khot, B.A. Witthuhn and C. Aparicio in Journal of Dental Research
Epithelium‐dependent potentiation of anaphylactic contractions by β‐endorphin in tracheae isolated from actively sensitized guinea‐pigs (1991)

1. It has been shown that opioid peptides modulate airway function. In the present study, the effect of beta-endorphin on antigen-induced contractions of isolated tracheal rings from actively sensitized guinea-pigs has been studied. 2. beta-Endorphin had a concentration-dependent bimodal effect on anaphylactic contractions of the trachea. Low concentrations of beta-endorphin (10(-10) and 10(-8) M) significantly potentiated anaphylactic contractions, whereas higher concentrations (10(-7) and 10(-6) M) significantly suppressed anaphylactic contractions of guinea-pig trachea. 3. beta-Endorphin in concentrations of 10(-8) M and 10(-7) M did not affect the responsiveness of the tracheal rings to histamine or leukotriene D4. This indicates that beta-endorphin does not influence the responsiveness of tracheal smooth muscle to anaphylactic mediators. 4. In the presence of the non-selective opioid receptor antagonist naloxone, 10(-8) M beta-endorphin still potentiated the anaphylactic contractions of the trachea. In addition, an equimolar concentration of des-Tyr1-beta-endorphin, a fragment of beta-endorphin without opioid-like activity, also potentiated anaphylactic contractions. The potentiation of anaphylactic contraction by 10(-8) M beta-endorphin is not therefore mediated by classical opioid-receptors. 5. In the presence of naloxone, 10(-7) M, beta-endorphin did not suppress anaphylactic contractions of the trachea. Thus, the suppression of anaphylactic contraction is mediated via a classical opioid-receptor. 6. In epithelium-denuded trachea, both 10(-8) and 10(-7) M beta-endorphin suppressed the anaphylactic contractions, whereas 10(-8) and 10(-7) M des-Tyr1-beta-endorphin did not affect anaphylactic contractions. It is concluded that the potentiation of the anaphylactic contraction in intact trachea is epithelium-dependent whereas the suppression of the anaphylactic contraction is epithelium-independent.
Postacceleration of Laser-Generated High-Energy Protons Through Conventional Accelerator Linacs (2008)

The postacceleration of laser-generated protons through conventional drift-tube linear accelerators (linacs) (DTLs) has been simulated with the particle-code PARMELA. The proton source is generated on the rear surface of a target irradiated by an high-intensity short-pulse (350 fs) laser and focused by a microlens that allows selecting collimated protons at 7 0.1 MeV with root-mean-square unnormalized transverse emittance of 0.180 mm mrad. The simulations show that protons can be accelerated by one DTL tank to more than 14 MeV with un normalized transverse-emittance growth of 8 and 22.6 in different transverse directions when considering a total proton charge of 0.112 mA. This first numerical study shows that coupling between laser-plasma accelerators with traditional accelerators is possible, allowing a luminosity gain for the final beam.
Robot Controlled Osteotomy in Craniofacial Surgery (1999)

Interventions in craniofacial surgery are a great challenge to the operating surgeon, as high precision and long practise are required to perform optimal bone repositionings and to achieve and aesthetic and satisfactory result. Although methods and devices for the preoperative planning of bone repositionings do already exist, the accurate intraoperative transposition of a surgical plan still is a problem. For this solution a joint procject to develop a computer aided method using a surgical robot to control the surgeon&amp;apos;s movements while cutting bone was conceived by the surgeons of the Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery of the University of Heidelberg and the engineers at the Intitute of Process Control and Robotics (IPR), whichwe present in this paper.
Performance Evaluation of BICM-OFDM Systems Impaired by UWB Interference (2008)

In this paper, we propose a theoretical framework for the analysis of the impact of ultra-wideband (UWB) interference on systems that use the popular combination of bit- interleaved coded modulation (BICM) and orthogonal frequency- division multiplexing (OFDM). For the UWB interference we consider multi-band OFDM (MB-OFDM), direct-sequence UWB (DS-UWB), and impulse-radio UWB (IR-UWB) formats following recent IEEE/ECMA standards and standard proposals. Our analysis is applicable to generic BICM-OFDM victim systems including IEEE 802.11 wireless local area networks (WLANs), IEEE 802.16 wireless access systems (WiMAX), and 4th generation mobile communication systems. Besides the exact analysis we also calculate the bit-error rate for the case when the UWB interference is modeled as additional Gaussian noise. Our results show that in general the BER of the BICM-OFDM system strongly depends on the type of the UWB interference and the sub-carrier spacing. While the Gaussian approximation is very accurate for DS-UWB, it may severely over- or underestimate the true BER for MB-OFDM and IR-UWB interference.
Degrees of Freedom Region of the MIMO X channel with an Arbitrary Number of Antennas (2012)

We characterize the total degrees of freedom (DoF) of the full-rank MIMO X channel with arbitrary number of antennas at each node. We elucidate that the existing outer bound is tight for any antenna configuration and provide transmit and receive filter designs that attain this outer bound. The proposed achievable scheme exploits channel extensions in terms of both, symbol and asymmetric complex signaling when the communication is carried out over a constant channel case, and is also applicable to time varying channels. The proposed scheme represents a general framework for the derivation of the total DoF of any two-by-two multiuser channels. Furthermore, the rank-deficient MIMO channels case is naturally addressed, and it is shown that the total DoF of the interference (IC) and MIMO X channels are in general superior to the full rank MIMO case
Chromyl complexes in the direct epoxidation of alkenes (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChromyl complexes in the direct epoxidation of alkenesN. Miyaura and J. K. KochiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 8, 2368–2378Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00346a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00346a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views434Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Performance of a Superconducting Accelerator Structure with a Modified Geometry (1979)

A 2.4 m long superconducting niobium 1300 MHz disk loaded accelerator structure whose cell geometry was modified to reduce its sensitivity to one-point multipacting was constructed and tested. The structure has a maximum cw energy gradient for electrons of 2.3 MeV/m and an unloaded Q of 9 × 108 at this field, both of which are satisfactory. The structure appears to be less sensitive to one-point multipacting; however, this result is not conclusive because of a small helium leak in the structure. We have also found that structures which undergo large multipactor frequency shifts can be operated successfully in a pulsed-off mode.
Novel Member of the CD209 ( DC-SIGN ) Gene Family in Primates (2002)

Two CD209 family genes identified in humans, CD209 (DC-SIGN) and CD209L (DC-SIGNR/L-SIGN), encode C-type lectins that serve as adhesion receptors for ICAM-2 and ICAM-3 and participate in the transmission of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV, respectively) to target cells in vitro. Here we characterize the CD209 gene family in nonhuman primates and show that recent evolutionary alterations have occurred in this family across primate species. All of the primate species tested, specifically, Old World monkeys (OWM) and apes, have orthologues of human CD209. In contrast, CD209L is missing in OWM but present in apes. A third family member, that we have named CD209L2, was cloned from rhesus monkey cDNA and subsequently identified in OWM and apes but not in humans. Rhesus CD209L2 mRNA was prominently expressed in the liver and axillary lymph nodes, although preliminary data suggest that levels of expression may vary among individuals. Despite a high level of sequence similarity to both human and rhesus CD209, rhesus CD209L2 was substantially less effective at binding ICAM-3 and poorly transmitted HIV type 1 and SIV to target cells relative to CD209. Our data suggest that the CD209 gene family has undergone recent evolutionary processes involving duplications and deletions, the latter of which may be tolerated because of potentially redundant functional activities of the molecules encoded by these genes.
Copolymerization of Tetrafluoroethylene and 2,2-Bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxole in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2003)

Copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and 2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxole (PDD) were synthesized in carbon dioxide at low temperatures. Bis(perfluoro-2-N-propoxypropionyl) peroxide was used as initiator. A range of copolymers with various compositions and different molecular weights were prepared in yields as high as 74%. The glass transition temperature of the copolymers increased with increasing PDD content and ranged from 67 to 334 °C for the PDD homopolymer. The phase behavior was found to depend on the feed composition. A comparison of a fully fluorinated commercially available product with a sample synthesized in carbon dioxide (without post-fluorination procedures) to match the composition and the molecular weight of the commercial sample showed no significant difference using IR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry, indicating similar microstructures. A simple method to determine the copolymer composition based on infrared spectroscopy was developed.
Real Driving Emissions: 2018-2019 assessment of Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS) measurement uncertainty (2020)

Previous research of a proper margin value for Nitrogen Oxides to account for the additional measurement uncertainty of Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS) as compared to standard laboratory equipment in the context of the Real Driving Emissions (RDE) Regulation identified zero drift as an important component of uncertainty. \nThis report describes an experimental campaign carried out by the Joint Research Centre during 2018 and 2019 to assess zero drift of PEMS gas analysers under real life operation. The instruments considered in the analysis, from four large manufacturers, cover probably the whole PEMS market in Europe. The tested instruments belong to the generation of PEMS currently available in the market.\nThe results of the testing campaign show that there is not a systematic positive or negative drift, neither a systematic step nor linear drift for any of the pollutants considered (NO, NO2, CO2, CO). On valid tests, intermediate zero response checks done every 10/20 minutes of test are always within the permissible limits (on HORIBA, SENSORS, and AIP PEMS), and mostly within limits for AVL PEMS (larger number of tests performed with this instrument). On most of the tests performed, the zero drift for NOx is lower than 3 ppm under a variety of ambient temperature and humidity conditions. Additional tests done on more stringent environmental conditions (high altitude mountain driving) show a similar pattern for zero drifts of all pollutants. Vehicle technology (spark ignition or compression ignition), PEMS installation location (cabin or trailer hook), ambient temperature and humidity, and altitude do not appear to be critical elements affecting the zero drift as results are similar for all the aforementioned conditions.\nIn general, the evidence gathered during the campaign does not verify the worst case drift scenario used to define the 0.43 NOX margin and it can be used to justify a further reduction of the margin value. Based on the worst case scenario for zero drift of the JRC testing campaign and considering the effect on a vehicle with large engine displacement (largest effect in terms of NOx mass), the updated NOx margin that is proposed is 0.32.
Progressive deterioration of beta-cell function in nonobese type 2 diabetic subjects. Postprandial plasma C-peptide level is an indication of insulin dependency. (1996)

The purpose of the present study was to characterize secondary failure (SF) to oral hypoglycaemic agents by assessment of threshold insulin-secretion values in relation to diabetes duration. One hundred and forty-seven nonobese diabetic patients, 35 to 80 years of age, with disease duration ranging from 1 to 36 years, were studied. Beta-cell function was assessed by meal-stimulated (delta CP) and glucagon-stimulated (delta aCP) C-peptide concentrations. The quality of glycaemic control was considered good if mean daily blood glucose was less than 8.5 mmol/l. One group with good (NOb-GC) and another with poor control (NOb-SF) were established. Mean daily glycaemia was negatively correlated with delta CP or delta aCP (r = -0.703 vs r = -0.696; p < 0.001) more than with basal C-peptide (r = -0.453; p < 0.001). A close positive correlation between meal-stimulated (delta CP) and glucagon-stimulated (delta aCP) C-peptide concentrations was observed (r = 0.869; p < 0.001). Residual beta-cell function (delta CP and delta aCP) was significantly correlated with known disease duration in both groups (GC: r = -0.693 and SF: r = -0.680; p < 0.001). Nonobese patients with SF showed early impaired secretion during the first years of disease, meal-stimulated delta CP being below 0.350 mmol/l. The most useful result in this study was the incremental value of C-peptide (delta CP), which showed minimal overlapping between the two groups. Basal, postprandial or postglucagon absolute values were less discriminating. The daily profile allowed measurement of both glycaemic control and insulin production after a regular meal. The validity of this measurement was confirmed by the strong correlation between meal-stimulated and glucagon-stimulated delta C-peptide concentrations. This parameter is a useful physiological marker of secondary failure.
Stereoselective Preparation of Highly Functionalized (Z)-3-Copper Enoates by an Iodine-Copper Exchange Reaction (2006)

3-Iodoenoates are readily converted into the corresponding alkenylcopper species with complete retention of configuration of the double bond via an iodine-copper exchange reaction. Quenching reactions with various electrophiles provide highly functionalized enoates in good yields.
Secure in-vehicle Systems using Authentication (2015)

Recently, driving support technologies have been practically used. However, a problem has been pointed out that when a vehicle is connected with an external network, the safety of the vehicle is threatened. Ensuring the security of in-vehicle systems becomes an important priority. The present study proposes a CAN communications method that uses a lightweight block cipher to realize secure in-vehicle systems. Experiments using both FPGA and a radiocontrolled car verify the proposed method.
Controlling the crystallinity and nonlinear optical properties of transparent TiO2–PMMA nanohybrids (2004)

Titania–polymer nanohybrid thin films represent a new class of potential materials for optoelectronic applications. While most such nanohybrid thin films lack control in crystallinity, we report in this paper transparent nanohybrids of titania-polymethyl methacrylate (TiO2–PMMA) thin films having a remarkably enhanced nanocrystallinity. Post-treatments with water vapor at relatively low temperatures were applied on these thin films, following in situ sol–gel polymerization. They promoted rearrangement of flexible Ti–O–Ti bonds leading to enhanced crystallization of the TiO2 phase. The degree of TiO2 crystallinity in the resulting nanohybrid films was studied by using XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis spectroscopies and HRTEM. Both linear and nonlinear optical responses increase with the enhancement of TiO2 crystallinity in the nanohybrids. The highest two-photon absorption coefficient (β) and nonlinear refractive index (n2) were observed for the nanohybrid thin films with highest TiO2 crystallinity, as confirmed by open and closed aperture Z-scan techniques using 250 fs laser pulses at 800 nm, having a value of 2260 cm GW−1 and 6.2 × 10−2 cm2 GW−1, respectively.
A cholic acid-based fluorescent chemosenor for the detection of ATP (2007)

A novel ditopic cholic acid-based fluorescent chemosensor for ATP, 1a, was designed and synthesized. Its interactions with phosphates, AMP, ADP, ATP, CTP, GTP, and TTP have been investigated. When ATP was added to a 1:1 aqueous CH3CN solution of the sensor at pH 7.4, a significant decrease in fluorescence of 1a was observed, whereas other guest molecules showed a much smaller effect. The complex between 1a and ATP was confirmed through combined UV, 1H, 13C and 31P NMR spectroscopic methods. The uniqueness of the new sensor is that it binds with ATP 33-124 times more selectively than other nucleotides, as evidenced from the respective binding constants. 1a is a highly sensitive sensing probe; as little as 30 nM ATP can cause 15% fluorescence quenching of the sensor.
High Temperature Lubricants Based on Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (POSS) (2002)

Abstract : Lubricants that operate at high temperature can be useful for high performance jet turbines. The challenges that have to be overcome for high performance turbines are two fold. The first challenge is increasing the operating temperature of the system while the second challenge is maintaining low temperature pumpability. We have been investigating the use of POSS compounds for lubrication applications because of its proven high temperature stability and its access to a diverse array of silsesquioxane geometries that may be amenable to low temperature pumpability. Consequently, a wide array of POSS alkyls were synthesized and tested for temperature stability and viscosity profiles. The synthesis of these POSS alkyls as well as the relevant temperature and viscosity data will be discussed.