gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increased Proteolytic Processing of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase μ in Confluent Vascular Endothelial Cells:  The Role of PC5, a Member of the Subtilisin Family (1996)

Cleavage and subsequent release of the extracellular domains of receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTP) occur at high cell density and may have an important role in regulating their activity. Because cleavage of RPTP occurs at a target motif (RXK/RR) recognized by a family of subtilisin/kexin-like endoproteases, we postulated that members of the subtilisin family may have an important role in this cleavage. We show in this report that the membrane-associated RPTPmu--both in its full 200-kDa form and as a 100-kDa cleavage product--is upregulated 4- and 7-fold, respectively, as human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) approach confluence. To determine whether RPTPmu cleavage depended on PC5 (a subtilisin/kexin like endoprotease present in endothelial cells), we transfected COS cells with expression plasmids coding for RPTPmu and PC5 or the closely related protease PACE4. PC5, but not PACE4, cleaved RPTPmu, and RPTPmu cleavage was absent in COS cells transfected with an expression plasmid encoding a mutant PC5 whose active-site serine had been mutated to alanine. We also performed RNA blot analysis to determine whether PC5 expression was affected by confluence in HUVEC. PC5 mRNA levels were upregulated by more than 30-fold when confluence in HUVEC increased from 25% to 100%. These results indicate that PC5 may have an important role in mediating the cleavage of RPTPmu in response to contact inhibition in HUVEC.
Nanoquartz in Late Permian C1 coal and the high incidence of female lung cancer in the Pearl River Origin area: a retrospective cohort study (2008)

The high incidence rate of lung cancer in Xuan Wei, one of the counties in the current study area, was once attributed to high indoor air concentrations of PAHs. The research results have been cited for qualitative and quantitative cancer risk assessment of PAHs by the World Health Organization and other agencies. If nanoquartz is found to be the main underlying cause of the lung cancer epidemic in the study area, cancer potency estimates for PAHs by the international agencies based on the lung cancer data in this study setting should then be updated.
Optimization of Alternative Options for SO2 Emissions Control in the Ontario Power Generation (2013)

The power generation sector is considered as one of the major contributors to air pollution. There are different air emissions that can be emitted from power generation and among these are SO2 emissions which will be the focus of this research. In this study, an optimization model was formulated and written in a general format. The objective of this model is to select the best pollution control strategy for the power generation to reduce SO2 to specific level while meeting the electricity demand at minimum cost. Three different mitigation options were considered to reduce SO2 and these are: fuel balancing, switching and implementing different control technologies. The model is illustrated in a case study taken from Ontario Power Generation; Canada. The results show that when we consider two options (fuel balancing and switching), the optimum option for SO2 reduction is fuel switching for higher reduction targets (up to 75%).On the other hand, for the case in which all options are considered, the results show that applying FGD technology is the best option to reduce SO2 emissions and it can achieve up to 85% SO2 reduction. Sensitivity analysis was carried out in this case study, and the result indicates that the only affected variable is the total annualized cost.
Patterning of Magnetic Nanobeads on Surfaces by Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Stamps (2008)

Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) stamps are widely used in soft lithographic methods. They are powerful tools for obtaining structures of soft material in the micrometer to nanometer range by printing techniques. In this contribution, a new application of h-PDMS stamps for nanobead deposition is introduced. Magnetite-polysaccharide particles of an average diameter of 150 nm are used. They can be biologically functionalized by attaching various molecular groups. Deposition of these particles on a carrier substrate results in well-reproducible structures. This is achieved by means of PDMS stamps with different patterns using a microfluidic approach on one hand and a printing approach on the other hand. Furthermore, magnetic substrates with particular domain structures have been used. The beads can then be arranged in rather complicated but well-defined geometrical structures along the domain walls. The magnetic interaction considerably increases the adhesion of the beads to the carrier substrate. All involved materials are biocompatible. Thus the setup can be used in cell culture experiments in order to investigate influences of different particle-bound proteins and particle patterns on cell growth and vitality.
A Survey of Applications of Markov Decision Processes (1993)

A collection of papers on the application of Markov decision processes is surveyed and classified according to the use of real life data, structural results and special computational schemes. Observations are made about various features of the applications.
Neutrophil Tethering on E-Selectin Activates β2 Integrin Binding to ICAM-1 Through a Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signal Transduction Pathway (2000)

On inflamed endothelium selectins support neutrophil capture and rolling that leads to firm adhesion through the activation and binding of beta 2 integrin. The primary mechanism of cell activation involves ligation of chemotactic agonists presented on the endothelium. We have pursued a second mechanism involving signal transduction through binding of selectins while neutrophils tether in shear flow. We assessed whether neutrophil rolling on E-selectin led to cell activation and arrest via beta 2integrins. Neutrophils were introduced into a parallel plate flow chamber having as a substrate an L cell monolayer coexpressing E-selectin and ICAM-1 (E/I). At shears >/=0.1 dyne/cm2, neutrophils rolled on the E/I. A step increase to 4.0 dynes/cm2 revealed that approximately 60% of the interacting cells remained firmly adherent, as compared with approximately 10% on L cells expressing E-selectin or ICAM-1 alone. Cell arrest was dependent on application of shear and activation of Mac-1 and LFA-1 to bind ICAM-1. Firm adhesion was inhibited by blocking E-selectin, L-selectin, or PSGL-1 with Abs and by inhibitors to the mitogen-activated protein kinases. A chimeric soluble E-selectin-IgG molecule specifically bound sialylated ligands on neutrophils and activated adhesion that was also inhibited by blocking the mitogen-activated protein kinases. We conclude that neutrophils rolling on E-selectin undergo signal transduction leading to activation of cell arrest through beta 2 integrins binding to ICAM-1.
Intensity-Assisted ICP for Fast Registration of 2D-LIDAR (2019)

Iterative closest point (ICP) is a method commonly used to perform scan-matching and registration. To be a simple and robust algorithm, it is still computationally expensive, and it has been regarded as having a crucial challenge especially in a real-time application as used for the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problem. For these reasons, this paper presents a new method for the acceleration of ICP with an assisted intensity. Unlike the conventional ICP, this method is proposed to reduce the computational cost and avoid divergences. An initial transformation guess is computed with an assisted intensity for their relative rigid-body transformation. Moreover, a target function is proposed to determine the best initial transformation guess based on the statistic of their spatial distances and intensity residuals. Additionally, this method is also proposed to reduce the iteration number. The Anderson acceleration is utilized for increasing the iteration speed which has better ability than the Picard iteration procedure. The proposed algorithm is operated in real time with a single core central processing unit (CPU) thread. Hence, it is suitable for the robot which has limited computation resources. To validate the novelty, this proposed method is evaluated on the SEMANTIC3D.NET benchmark dataset. According to comparative results, the proposed method is declared as having better accuracy and robustness than the conventional ICP methods.
Contractile actions of thrombin receptor‐derived polypeptides in human umbilical and placental vasculature: evidence for distinct receptor systems (1995)

1. We studied the structure-activity profiles of four thrombin receptor-derived polypeptides (TRPs) (P5, SFLLR; P5-NH2, SFLLR-NH2; P7, SFLLRNP; P7-NH2, SFLLRN) in contractile human placental artery (PA), umbilical artery (UA) and umbilical vein (UV) preparations and in a human platelet aggregation assay. 2. The contractile actions of the TRPs in the two arterial preparations were endothelium-independent, whereas in the UV tissue a contractile response was observed only in an endothelium-denuded preparation; no endothelium-mediated relaxation responses were observed in any of the vascular preparations. 3. In the three vascular preparations, the contractile responses required extracellular calcium and were attenuated by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein. 4. The relative contractile orders of potencies of the TRPs in the three vascular preparations were distinct from each other (PA: P7-NH2 > P7 > P5-NH2 > P5; UA: P7-NH2 > or = P5-NH2 approximately = P7 > > P5; UV: P5-NH2 > > P7-NH2 = P7 > > P5) and these were in turn distinct from the potency order observed in the platelet aggregation assay (P5-NH2 > or = P7-NH2 > P7 > > P5). 5. Despite the markedly dissimilar TRP potency orders in the placental artery and umbilical vein preparations, the cDNA sequences for the thrombin receptor obtained by polymerase chain reaction cloning of cDNA from the two tissue sources were identical. 6. We conclude that the four tissues studied possess functionally distinct thrombin receptor systems that interact in a distinct way with agonist peptides. In view of the identity of the thrombin receptor cDNA in the two tissues displaying the most dissimilar structure-activity profiles, we suggest that in different tissues, differences in post-translational receptor processing or differences in receptor-effector coupling interactions may result in unique thrombin receptor systems that can display distinct structure-activity profiles.
Effects of Moisture on Radiation-Induced Degradation in CMOS SOI Transistors (2010)

The effects of moisture on radiation-induced charge buildup in the oxides of a 0.35 μm SOI technology are explored. Data show no observable effects of moisture-related aging on radiation hardness. These results are in contrast to those of previous work performed on bulk MOS technologies fabricated in the 1980s. The cause of these differences do not appear to be due to differences in final chip passivation layers. Instead, other processing variables (e.g., thicker overlayers) may account for these differences. In any case, the SOI technology results indicate that not all advanced technologies exposed to moisture are necessarily susceptible to enhanced radiation-induced degradation.
Controls on Soluble Pu Concentrations in PuO2/Magnetite Suspensions (2012)

Time-dependent reduction of PuO(2)(am) was studied over a range of pH values in the presence of aqueous Fe(II) and magnetite (Fe(3)O(4)) nanoparticles. At early time frames (up to 56 days) very little aqueous Pu was mobilized from PuO(2)(am), even though measured pH and redox potentials, coupled to equilibrium thermodynamic modeling, indicated the potential for significant reduction of PuO(2)(am) to relatively soluble Pu(III). Introduction of Eu(III) or Nd(III) to the suspensions as competitive cations to displace possible sorbed Pu(III) resulted in the release of significant concentrations of aqueous Pu. However, the similarity of aqueous Pu concentrations that resulted from the introduction of Eu(III)/Nd(III) to suspensions with and without magnetite indicated that the Pu was solubilized from PuO(2)(am), not from magnetite.
Human iPS cell-derived cartilaginous tissue spatially and functionally replaces nucleus pulposus (2022)

The loss of nucleus pulposus (NP) precedes the intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration that causes back pain. Here, we demonstrate that the implantation of human iPS cell-derived cartilaginous tissue (hiPS-Cart) restores this loss by replacing lost NP spatially and functionally. NP cells consist of notochordal NP cells and chondrocyte-like NP cells. Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis revealed that cells in hiPS-Cart corresponded to chondrocyte-like NP cells but not to notochordal NP cells. The implantation of hiPS-Cart into a nuclectomized space of IVD in nude rats prevented the degeneration of the IVD and preserved its mechanical properties. hiPS-Cart survived and occupied the nuclectomized space for at least six months after implantation, indicating spatial and functional replacement of lost NP by hiPS-Cart. Further scRNA-seq analysis revealed that hiPS-Cart cells changed their profile after implantation, differentiating into two lineages that are metabolically distinct from each other. However, post-implanted hiPS-Cart cells corresponded to chondrocyte-like NP cells only and did not develop into notochordal NP cells, suggesting that chondrocyte-like NP cells are nearly sufficient for NP function. The data collectively indicate that hiPS-Cart is a candidate implant for regenerating NP spatially and functionally and preventing IVD degeneration.
Low to moderate risk of nerve damage during peroneus longus tendon autograft harvest (2021)

This cadaver study found during a full-thickness PLT harvest, the distances between the tendon stripper and the nerves were greater than 5 mm with an initial incision at 2 cm proximal to LM which is recommended.
Towards a human-like vision system for Driver Assistance (2008)

Several advanced driver assistance systems realizing elementary perception and analysis tasks have been introduced to market in recent years. For example, collision mitigation brake systems detect the distance and relative velocity of vehicles in front to assess the risk of a rear-end collision in a clearly defined following situation. In order to go beyond such elementary analysis tasks, todaypsilas research is focusing more and more on powerful perception systems for driver assistance. We believe computer vision will play a central role for achieving a full understanding of generic traffic situations. Besides individual processing algorithms, general vision architectures enabling integrated and more flexible processing are needed. Here we present the first instantiation of a vision architecture for driver assistance systems inspired by the human visual system that is based on task-dependent perception. Core element of our system is a state of the art attention system integrating bottom-up and top-down visual saliency. Combining this task-dependent tunable visual saliency with object recognition and tracking enables for instance warnings according to the context of the scene. We demonstrate the performance of our approach in a construction site setup, where a traffic jam ending within the site is a dangerous situation that the system has to identify in order to warn the driver.
Clock-Aware FPGA Placement Contest (2017)

Modern FPGA device contains complex clocking architecture on top of FPGA logic fabric. To best utilize FPGA clocking architecture, both FPGA designers and EDA tool developers need to understand the clocking architecture and design best methodology/algorithm for various design styles. Clock legalization and clock aware placement become one of the key factors in FPGA design flow. They can greatly influence FPGA design performance and routability. FPGA placement problem can get very difficult with clock legalization constraints. This year's contest is a continuous challenge based on last year's routability driven placement. Contestants need to design best-in-class clock aware placement approach to excel in the contest.
Design of resonators for the determination of the temperature coefficients of elastic constants of monocrystalline silicon (2002)

More accurate sets of the first and second order temperature coefficients are presented for monocrystalline silicon of a low-doped p-type silicon and high-doped n-type silicon. These values are extrapolated from the frequency-temperature curve of high-Q silicon resonators. Three types of resonators have been designed and fabricated using silicon bulk micromachining, each with a mode of vibration depending as close as possible on one of the three independent elastic constants. The electromechanical coupling and the related equivalent circuit of an electrostatic drive have been established for two of these modes. The temperature coefficients of the three independent elastic constants, as well as their estimated variances are computed through the fitting of the measured frequency-temperature curves, compared with the sensitivity of each mode to the elastic constants determined by simulations.
Synthesis and Antitubercular Evaluation of Some Novel 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile (2013)

In an attempt to find a new class of antitubercular agents, a series of 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile were prepared via the reaction of ethyl N-ethoxycarbonylbenzimidate 2a-b with cyanoacetanilide derivatives 1a-c. These compounds were screened for their antitubercular activity against M. tuberculosis. Several analogues, such as 2,6-dioxo-1-phenyl-4-p-tolyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile 3a, 1-benzyl-2, 6-dioxo-4-p-tolyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile 3c and 1-benzyl-2, 6-dioxo-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile 3d exhibited a potent antitubercular activity with an MIC values ranging from 10-35 µg/ml. Structures of the newly synthesized compounds were established by spectral data and HRMS.
Abstract 376: Intravital microscopy reveals HER2-dependent and -independent effects of myeloid cells on the single-cell biodistribution of trastuzumab (2020)

Abstract Advents in single-cell profiling have revealed that tumor tissues are highly heterogenous, and this cell-to-cell heterogeneity can greatly affect therapeutic efficacy. This is especially true for monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies that exhibit variability in both delivery and action within solid tumors. Moreover, recent studies have highlighted the importance of tumor microenvironment in determining mAb responses. Yet, it has been traditionally difficult to analyze the kinetics of mAb biodistribution and delivery at a single-cell resolution, as well as how mAb interacts with tumor-associated stromal cells in vivo. To address these issues, we developed a high-resolution intravital microscopy (IVM) pipeline to study single-cell pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of mAb in a tumor consists of cancer cells with variable target expression. We applied this imaging strategy to track the in vivo binding of trastuzumab (Tzm), a HER2-targeting mAb, to fluorescently-labeled HER2 in the heterogenous tumor microenvironment. We observed efficient binding of Tzm to HER2+ cancer cells, and the amount of Tzm on cancer cells correlated with HER2 expression level. We also discovered a large accumulation of Tzm in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Time-lapse IVM imaging further revealed an increase in Tzm uptake in TAMs over the period of 72 hrs, with concomitant decrease in Tzm level on the HER2+ cancer cells. Further controlled experiments demonstrated that the baseline ability of TAMs to take up Tzm was not dependent on HER2 expression in the surrounding cancer cells, yet HER2 over-expression can increase the levels of Tzm in TAMs. All in all, these results revealed crucial roles that tumor-associated stromal cells play in mAb delivery and action. They also demonstrated the utility of IVM in dissecting mAb behaviors in heterogenous tumor microenvironment, which can significantly impact our understanding of mAb treatment efficacy. Citation Format: Ran Li, Ralph Weissleder, Miles A. Miller. Intravital microscopy reveals HER2-dependent and -independent effects of myeloid cells on the single-cell biodistribution of trastuzumab [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 376.
X-cut lithium niobate optical single-sideband modulator (2001)

A hermetically packaged x-cut LiNbO3 optical single-sideband modulator is presented, which successfully performs a carrier-suppression ratio over 25 dB with an RF driving voltage of 8 Vp-p at 10 GHz.
Automating Behavior Selection for Affective Telepresence Robot (2021)

The tabletop robot Haru, used for affective telepresence research, enables a teleoperator to communicate affects from a distance. The robot&#x2019;s expressiveness offers myriad ways of communicating affects through the execution of emotive routines. The teleoperator reacts to input modalities such as the user&#x2019;s facial expression, gestures and speech-based intent as perceived by the robot&#x2019;s perception system. However, due to the sheer number of routines to select from, the task of choosing the appropriate or the most preferred routine is becoming cumbersome. In this paper, we propose a human-in-the-loop reinforcement learning mechanism in which an agent learns the teleoperator&#x2019;s selection preference as a function of the input modalities and aids the routine selection process by narrowing it to n-best optimal choices. Our experimental results show that with only a few number of interactions from the teleoperator, the system can learn to recommend optimal routine behaviors for all perceived modalities, which greatly reduces the workload of the teleoperator.