gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of two nuclear mammalian homologous DNA-pairing activities that do not require associated exonuclease activity. (1995)

We have developed an assay to study homologous DNA-pairing activities in mammalian nuclear extracts. This assay is derived from the POM blot assay, described earlier, which was specific for RecA activity in bacterial crude extracts. In the present work, proteins from mammalian nuclear extracts were resolved by electrophoresis on SDS/polyacrylamide gels and then electrotransferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane coated with circular single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). The blot obtained was incubated with a labeled homologous double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). Homologous pairing between the ssDNA and the labeled dsDNA was detected by autoradiography as a radioactive spot on the membrane. In nuclear extracts from mammalian cells, we found two major polypeptides of 100 and 75 kDa, able to promote the formation of stable plectonemic joints. Joint molecule formation required at least one homologous end on the dsDNA, but either end of the dsDNA could be recruited to initiate the reaction. For each polypeptide, the reaction required divalent cations such as Mg2+, Ca2+, or Mn2+. Although ATP was not necessary, ADP was inhibitory in each case. Unlike most of the known eukaryotic DNA-pairing proteins, both activities identified here were able to promote the formation of joint molecules without requiring an associated exonuclease activity. In addition, these two proteins were detected in cell lines from different tissues and from different mammalian species (human, mouse, and hamster).
Tooling framework for instantiating natural language querying system (2018)

Recent times have seen a growing demand for natural language querying (NLQ) interfaces to retrieve information from the structured data sources such as knowledge bases. Using this interface, business users can directly interact with a database without the knowledge of the query language or the data schema. Our earlier work describes a natural language query engine called ATHENA which has several shortcoming around ease of use and compatibility with data stores, formats and flows. In this demonstration paper, we present a tooling framework to address these challenges so that one can instantiate an NLQ system with utmost ease. Our framework makes it easy and practically applicable to all NLIDB scenarios involving different sources of structured data, file formats, and ontologies to enable natural language querying on top of them with minimal human configuration. We present the tool design and the solution to the challenges towards building such a system and demonstrate its applicability in the medical domain.
Aspects of pneumococcal infection including bacterial virulence, host response and vaccination (1989)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
Enhanced performance of piezoelectric composite nanogenerator based on gradient porous PZT ceramic structure for energy harvesting (2020)

Oriented layer and interconnected transverse bridges between layers in the progressive lamellar region effectively improved the electromechanical conversion efficiency.
Robust integral back-stepping control for a quadrotor: experiments and simulation (2018)

This paper presents a robust integral back-stepping (RIB) control method applied to a constructed quadrotor prototype. The controller provides stabilisation of attitude and motion under various assumptions. The controller is robust to reject external disturbances and compensate for potential parameter uncertainties. An analysis of the benefits of the proposed control method is presented by comparison to classic linear control methods. This analysis is supported by simulation and implementation on a physical prototype. The simulation parameters match that of the prototype to provide a consistent means of validation.
Fermiological interpretation of FeTe 1−x Se x thin crystal by quantum conductance oscillation (2013)

We have successfully observed quantum oscillation (QO) for FeTe_{1-x}Se_{x}. QO measurements were performed using non-superconducting and superconducting thin crystals of FeTe_{0.65}Se_{0.35} fabricated by the scotch-tape method. We show that the Fermi surfaces (FS) of the non-superconducting crystal are in good agreement with the rigid band shift model based on electron doping by excess Fe while that of the superconducting crystal is in good agreement with the calculated FS with no shift. From the FS comparison of both crystals, we demonstrate the change of the cross-sectional area of the FS, suggesting that the suppression of the FS nesting with the vector Q_{s} = (\pi, \pi) due to excess Fe results in the disappearance of the superconductivity.
Diversity of Rumen Bacteria in Canadian Cervids (2014)

Interest in the bacteria responsible for the breakdown of lignocellulosic feedstuffs within the rumen has increased due to their potential utility in industrial applications. To date, most studies have focused on bacteria from domesticated ruminants. We have expanded the knowledge of the microbial ecology of ruminants by examining the bacterial populations found in the rumen of non-domesticated ruminants found in Canada. Next-generation sequencing of 16S rDNA was employed to characterize the liquid and solid-associated bacterial communities in the rumen of elk (Cervus canadensis), and white tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Despite variability in the microbial populations between animals, principle component and weighted UniFrac analysis indicated that bacterial communities in the rumen of elk and white tail deer are distinct. Populations clustered according to individual host animal and not the association with liquid or solid phase of the rumen contents. In all instances, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the dominant bacterial phyla, although the relative abundance of these differed among ruminant species and between phases of rumen digesta, respectively. In the elk samples Bacteroidetes were more predominant in the liquid phase whereas Firmicutes was the most prevalent phyla in the solid digesta (P = 1×10(-5)). There were also statistically significant differences in the abundance of OTUs classified as Fibrobacteres (P = 5×10(-3)) and Spirochaetes (P = 3×10(-4)) in the solid digesta of the elk samples. We identified a number of OTUs that were classified as phylotypes not previously observed in the rumen environment. Our results suggest that although the bacterial diversity in wild North American ruminants shows overall similarities to domesticated ruminants, we observed a number of OTUs not previously described. Previous studies primarily focusing on domesticated ruminants do not fully represent the microbial diversity of the rumen and studies focusing on non-domesticated ruminants should be expanded.
Dynamic mechanical properties of artificially aged double base rocket propellant and the possibilities for the prediction of their service lifetime (2013)

The ageing of double base (DB) rocket propellants, as a consequence of chemical reactions and physical processes that take place over time, has significant effect on their relevant properties, such as chemical composition and mechanical and ballistic properties. The changes of relevant properties limit safe and reliable service life of DB rocket propellants. Accordingly, numerous research efforts have been undertaken to find out reliable methods to measure the changes caused by ageing in order to assess the quality of DB rocket propellants at a given moment of their lifetime, and to predict remaining service lifetime In this work we studied dynamic mechanical properties of DB rocket propellant artificially aged at 80, 85 and 90°C temperature, in order to detect and quantify changes in dynamic mechanical properties caused by ageing, and to investigate possibilities for prediction of service lifetime. Dynamic mechanical properties were studied using a dynamic mechanical analyser (DMA). The obtained results have shown that the ageing causes significant changes of storage modulus (E´), loss modulus (E˝) and tan delta curves shape and positions. These changes are quantified by following some characteristic points on E´-T, E˝-T, and tan delta-T curves (e.g. glass transition temperatures ; storage modulus, loss modulus and tan delta at characteristic temperatures, etc.). It has been found out that the monitored parameters are temperature and time dependent, and that they can be shown as the functions of the so called “reduced time of artificial ageing”. In addition, it has been found out that on the basis of known changes of viscoelastic properties as a function of time and ageing temperature, and the known kinetic parameters of the ageing process, it is possible to calculate (determine) the change of the properties at any ageing temperature provided that the mechanism of ageing process does not change. Unfortunately, the use of kinetic parameters obtained by artificial ageing at high temperatures (above 60 °C) for the prediction of the propellant lifetime will not give reliable results, because the mechanisms of ageing at 85 °C and 25 °C are not the same.
Reservoir Characterization During Underbalanced Drilling: Methodology, Accuracy, and Necessary Data (2002)

Abstract In this paper a novel methodology for reservoir characterization during underbalanced drilling is presented. In this methodology we are using a transient wellflow model coupled to a transient reservoir model, and use estimation techniques to estimate reservoir properties. Our focus is to estimate the permeability and reservoir pressure along the well, using measured data usually available while drilling. The measured data are outlet rates, pump pressure and downhole pressure. The liquid injection and gas injection rates are used as input to the model. Our finding is that estimating permeability and reservoir pressure simultaneously is a difficult estimation problem, and may lead to large uncertainties in the estimates. If we assume that the reservoir pressure is known, however, reliable estimates of the permeability is obtained. A methodology for uncertainty analysis is also presented and can be used to evaluate necessary measurements for proper reservoir characterization.
Through the Looking Glass—The 2022 Edition: Trends in solid-state circuits from ISSCC (2022)

The International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC) is the flagship conference of the IEEE Solid-State Circuits Society. The theme for ISSCC 2022 is “Intelligent Silicon for a Sustainable World.” This theme further highlights the fact that to cope with strong environmental changes, the circuit design community is evolving more than ever to support a more sustainable world. Given their widespread use in our everyday lives, without change, ICs will become the dominant energy consumer and source of carbon emissions in the (near) future. Despite phenomenal advances in solid-state circuits and systems, low-power circuit design is becoming increasingly more sophisticated in all application areas, from digital computation and machine learning to analog design. In the context of data communications, advances in wireless and wireline circuits will help optimize local and global communications energy. Various sensors can be deployed to measure environmental data and optimize energy consumption. Power management techniques continue to be an essential aspect of a majority of circuits and systems to extend their lifetime and battery longevity. Furthermore, new technologies are providing opportunities to develop innovative circuits, reduce fabrication impacts, and improve recyclability.
An atypical member of the light-harvesting complex stress-related protein family modulates diatom responses to light (2010)

Diatoms are prominent phytoplanktonic organisms that contribute around 40% of carbon assimilation in the oceans. They grow and perform optimally in variable environments, being able to cope with unpredictable changes in the amount and quality of light. The molecular mechanisms regulating diatom light responses are, however, still obscure. Using knockdown Phaeodactylum tricornutum transgenic lines, we reveal the key function of a member of the light-harvesting complex stress-related (LHCSR) protein family, denoted LHCX1, in modulation of excess light energy dissipation. In contrast to green algae, this gene is already maximally expressed in nonstressful light conditions and encodes a protein required for efficient light responses and growth. LHCX1 also influences natural variability in photoresponse, as evidenced in ecotypes isolated from different latitudes that display different LHCX1 protein levels. We conclude, therefore, that this gene plays a pivotal role in managing light responses in diatoms.
Impact of Premetallization Surface Preparation on Nickel-based Ohmic Contacts to Germanium Telluride: An X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic Study (2016)

Surfaces of polycrystalline α-GeTe films were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) after different treatments in an effort to understand the effect of premetallization surface treatments on the resistance of Ni-based contacts to GeTe. UV-O<sub>3</sub> is often used to remove organic contaminants after lithography and prior to metallization; therefore, UV-O<sub>3</sub> treatment was used first for 10 min prior to ex situ treatments, which led to oxidation of both Ge and Te to GeO<sub>x</sub> (x < 2) and TeO<sub>2</sub>, respectively. Then the oxides were removed by deionized (DI) H<sub>2</sub>O, (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>S, and HCl treatments. Additionally, in situ Ar<sup>+</sup> ion etching was used to clean the GeTe surface without prior UV-O<sub>3</sub> treatment. Ar<sup>+</sup> ion etching, H<sub>2</sub>O, and (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>S treatments create a surface richer in Ge compared to the HCl treatment, after which the surface is Te-rich. However, (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>S also oxidizes Ge and gradually etches the GeTe film. All treated surfaces showed poor stability upon prolonged exposure to air, revealing that even (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>S does not passivate the GeTe surface. The refined transfer length method (RTLM) was used to measure the contact resistance (R<sub>c</sub>) of as-deposited Ni-based contacts to GeTe as a function of premetallization surface preparation. HCl-treated samples had the highest R<sub>c</sub> (0.036 ± 0.002 Ω·mm), which was more than twice that of the other surface treatments. This increase in R<sub>c</sub> is attributed to formation of the Ni<sub>1.29</sub>Te phase at the Ni/GeTe interface due to an abundance of Te at the surface after HCl treatment. In general, treatments that resulted in Ge-rich surfaces offered lower R<sub>c</sub>.
HTTP Header for Future Correspondence Addresses (2007)

A large amount of email is non-personal, automated communication, such
as newsletters, confirmations and legitimate advertisements. These are
often tagged as spam by content filters. This type of correspondence
is usually initiated by a transaction over the web, such as a purchase
or signing up for a service. Therefore, we propose a new HTTP header
to carry the addresses that may be used by the provider to correspond
with the user. These may be email addresses, or those used in other
protocols, such as SIP. This will facilitate the automatic inclusion
of these addresses in whitelists used for spam prevention.
Image-based finger pose measurement for hand user interface (2010)

This paper presents image-based finger pose measurement for hand user interface. The aim of this measurement technique is to make a better user interface enabling three dimensional operation by hand. The measurement technique uses stereo vision, and approximates the hand motion based on anatomical constraints. Distinctive feature of the measurement technique is usage of ring markers, which enable to determine the position and direction of the finger link where the marker put on. The appropriateness of the measurement technique is evaluated through experiments.
Prioritized Broadcast Contention Control in VANET (2010)

Reliable and timely multi-hop propagation of messages among vehicles is essential for a safer and greener transportation system. Various broadcast-based forwarding strategies are envisioned for infrastructure-less vehicle-to-vehicle (v2v) communications. This paper proposes a prioritized broadcast contention control (PBCC) module/layer that provides reliable and low latency multi-hop connection. The PBCC forwarding algorithm optimizes the back-off distribution to improve the probability of successful broadcast and prioritizes forwarders based on location information. This module can be implemented in WAVE devices with minimum system modification. We integrate simple vehicular mobility models into ns-2 and implement a WAVE/802.11p communication protocol stack. Extensive simulations demonstrate PBCC's superiority in multi-hop delay.
A Sensor With High Strain Sensitivity Based on Four-Sided Modulated LPFG (2022)

In this letter, a novel strain sensor based on four-sided modulated long period fiber grating (FM-LPFG) is introduced and demonstrated. Due to the asymmetric refractive index modulation of the CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> laser, the cladding radius is reduced and the core deviation effect is strengthened. In addition, by simulating the equivalent strain during tension, the strain sensitive area of FM-LPFG is proposed. The measurement results indicate that the strain sensitivity of FM-LPFG is 127.5 pm/ <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \varepsilon $ </tex-math></inline-formula> ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0~\sim ~125~\mu \varepsilon$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) and 17.7 pm/ <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \varepsilon $ </tex-math></inline-formula> ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$125~\sim ~575~\mu \varepsilon$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ). The proposed FM-LPFG can be realistically applied in precision measurement.
Adhesive Polyurethane-based Capacitive Electrode for Patch-type Wearable Electrocardiogram Measurement System (2014)

Wearable medical device has been a resurgence of interest thanks to the development of technology and propagation of smart phone in recent years. Various types of wearable devices have been introduced and available in market. Capacitive coupled electrode which measures electrocardiogram over cloth is able to be applied wearable device. In previous approaches of capacitive electrode, they need proper pressure for stable contact of the electrode to body surface. However, wearable device that gives pressure on body surface is not suitable for long-term monitoring. In this study, we proposed adhesive polyurethane-based capacitive electrode for patch-type wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring device. Self-adhesive polyurethane make the electrode and whole system be adhered to the surface of skin without any pressure. The patch-type system is consisted of analog filter, analog-to-digital converter and wireless transmission module and designed to be attached on the body as a patch. To validate the feasibility of the developed system, we measured ECG signal in stable and active state and extracted heart rate. Therefore, we observed skin response after long-term attachment for biocompatibility of the adhesive polyurethane and adhesive strength of it. The result shows the possibility of applying the developed system for ECG monitoring in real-life.
Run-time Partial Reconfiguration speed investigation and architectural design space exploration (2009)

Run-time partial reconfiguration (PR) speed is significant in applications especially when fast IP core switching is required. In this paper, we propose to use direct memory access (DMA), master (MST) burst, and a dedicated block RAM (BRAM) cache respectively to reduce the reconfiguration time. Based on the Xilinx PR technology and the Internal Configuration Access Port (ICAP) primitive in the FPGA fabric, we discuss multiple design architectures and thoroughly investigate their performance with measurements for different partial bitstream sizes. Compared to the reference OPB HWICAP and XPS HWICAP designs, experimental results show that DMA HWICAP and MST HWICAP reduce the reconfiguration time by one order of magnitude, with little resource consumption overhead. The BRAM HWICAP design can even approach the reconfiguration speed limit of the ICAP primitive at the cost of large block RAM utilization.
Mini Mental State Examination for Cognitive Screening in Indian Child Population: An association with intelligence quotient (2012)

Background and Objectives Several screening instruments are available for the assessment of cognitive disorders in children but most of them usually require long administration times and considerable training of the examiner. Therefore, simple screening tests are needed to allow the assessment of a wider range of cognitive functions in children in a short period of time, which would assist in early detection of higher cognitive defects. Present study assess the relationship between the Mini Mental State Examination total scores and the Intelligence Quotient in order to see the adaptability of the test in Indian child population. Methods and Material A total of 211 school going children between the age group of 6-12 years participated in the study. The scores were obtained for both Mini Mental State Examination and Standard Progressive Matrices and the data obtained was correlated. Results A significant correlation was found between the Mini Mental State Examination total scores and Intelligence Quotient in Indian child population using Pearson Correlation. Conclusion Mini Mental State Examination can be used as a cognitive screening tool in Indian child population.