gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Conjugative and steric factors affecting the conformational preference of some aromatic sulfides (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConjugative and steric factors affecting the conformational preference of some aromatic sulfidesG. Montaudo, F. Bottino, and E. TrivelloneCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37, 3, 504–505Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00968a042https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00968a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views93Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of process parameters using Taguchi methodology for blends of low density polyethylene (LDPE) and polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) rubber (2012)

Processing parameters such as temperature, rotor speed and time of melt blending have been optimised using design of experiments as per the Taguchi methodology at a blend ratio of low density polyethylene (LDPE)/polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) of 50∶50. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, impact strength, hardness and phase morphology of the blends have been evaluated at different temperatures, rotor speeds and times for assessing the optimisation of the processing parameters. The formation of a finer dispersed phase morphology in case of the LD 508 and LD 509 blend mix is an indication of good dispersion and narrow size distribution of the PDMS rubber in the LDPE matrix. It has been found that the LD 509 mix gives a better dispersion of silicone rubber as the dispersed phase in the continuous LDPE matrix. Analysis of variance on the performance characteristic has been analysed using signal to noise ratios and mean response data.
Host suitability of summer cover crops to Meloidogyne arenaria, M. enterolobii, M. incognita and M. javanica (2021)

Summary Cover crops can be a useful tool for managing plant-parasitic nematodes provided they are poor or non-hosts for the target nematode species. A glasshouse experiment was done to determine the host status of four common cover crops in Florida, sunn hemp, cowpea, sorghum sudangrass and sunflower, to pure populations of four common tropical root-knot nematode (RKN) species Meloidogyne javanica ( Mj ), M. incognita ( Mi ), M. enterolobii ( Me ) and M. arenaria ( Ma ). Tomato was included as a susceptible control. Eight weeks after nematode inoculation (WAI), tomato showed the highest root gall damage for all tested RKN species, with gall indices (GI) between 7 ( Ma ) and 8.5 ( Me ) and reproduction factor (RF) ranging from 20 ( Ma ) to 50 ( Mj ). No visible root galls were observed for any of the RKN species on sunn hemp and sorghum sudangrass at 8 WAI. However, Mj and Mi were able to reproduce slightly on sorghum sudangrass (RF = 0.02 and 0.79, respectively). Sunflower and cowpea were infected by all four tested RKN species, but host suitability varied. Sunflower root galling ranged from 1.1 ( Me ) to 4.5 ( Mj ) and RF = 3.2 ( Me ) to 28.7 ( Mj ), while cowpea root galling ranged from 0.6 ( Mi ) to 5.1 ( Me ) and RF = 0.8 ( Mi ) to 67.3 ( Mj ). Sunn hemp and, to a lesser extent, sorghum sudangrass were poor hosts to all four tested RKN species. Sunflower was a good host to all RKN species, but root gall damage and RF were lowest for Me . Cowpea was a good host to Mj , Me and Ma , but a poor host to Mi . Our results confirm and stress the importance of RKN species identification when selecting cover crops as an RKN management strategy.
Diamond bit cutting for processing high topography wafers (2009)

In this paper we report the results of diamond bit cutting on metals, such as Cu and Sn, polymers, temporary glue and polyimide. Diamond bit cutting is an attractive, fast and economically viable option when processing on high topography wafers is required, or when smooth surface finish is required. Diamond bit cutting can planarize the surface of the high topography features on which conventional IC processing steps can be performed with ease.
Synthesis of Sulfated Lex-Trisaccharides (1995)

The regioselective sulfation of a Lex-trisaccharide having free hydroxyl groups in 2-, 3- and 4- position of the galactose elucidated their different reactivities and gave mono- and disulfated Lex derivatives.
Improvement of Multi-lines bridge Defect Classification by Hierarchical Architecture in Artificial Intelligence Automatic Defect Classification (2020)

Defect classifications are the very important steps as the in-line defect inspection of the semiconductor manufacturing procedure. The precisely identify the defect morphology based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images can provide crucial information to find out the root causes of those defects. The conventional defect inspection steps are usually through visual judgement by engineer or technical assistant. However, it's time-consuming and laborious. In our recent study, the Artificial Intelligence Automatic Defect Classification (AI-ADC) performs promising good accuracy and purity of the auto defect classification by deep learning method. Nevertheless, some kind of tiny defects are still difficult to classify by this method, such as multi-lines bridge defect. In this paper, we propose the novel method, called “Hi-erarchical structure AI-ADC”, which join a second binning classifier for more precise defect classification. As a result, the proposed hierarchical AI-ADC method not only can improve the multi-lines bridge defect binning purity from 56% to 88%, but also be applied to classify the similar defect types. Indeed this approach achieves high defect classification performance.
Episodic ataxia type 2: unusual aspects in clinical and genetic presentation. Special emphasis in childhood (2009)

EA2 may present with still unknown genetic mutations in adults, and with large and various phenotypes in children, such as short attacks of imbalance or permanent imbalance, cognitive deficiency, and possibly strabismus and hyperactivity.
Einleitung (1991)

Strategisches Marketing findet spätestens seit den 70er Jahren in Theorie und Praxis eine wachsende Aufmerksamkeit. Nach einer Phase wirtschaftlichen Wachstums in den Nachkriegsjahren entstand in der Folge erster Sättigungserscheinungen das Bewußtsein für die Abhängigkeit der Unternehmen von ihrer marktlichen Umwelt. Mit der Notwendigkeit der Adaption an die restriktive Marktentwicklung mußten spezielle marktgerechte Strategien entwickelt werden, mit denen Unternehmen langfristig überleben konnten. Die Dominanz des marketing-strategischen Denkens, auch im Rahmen der Theorieentwicklung, kann als Resultat eines situativen Engpaßdenkens im Sinne des Gutenberg’schen Engpaßgesetzes bezüglich der Marktchancenentwicklung gedeutet werden (Hansen, Brune 1990, S. 549).
Improving selectivity &amp; arc-flash protection through optimized instantaneous protection settings (2011)

In today's power distribution systems, existing protection methods do not provide full selectivity and instantaneous fault clearing for expected fault current, including lower magnitude arcing currents simultaneously. This paper will discuss two methods that may change that. The first method is a selectivity analytical technique useful with many circuit breaker trips currently available in the industry. The second method is a new circuit breaker trip technology. Both methods allow switchgear Circuit Breakers (CB) to use sensitive instantaneous settings and maintain selectivity when used upstream current-limiting molded case circuit breakers, current-limiting motor circuit protectors or current-limiting fuses in downstream equipment such as motor control centers.
Secondary Metabolites by Chemical Screening. 30. Helmidiol, a New Macrodiolide from Alternaria alternata (1996)

Chemical screening of Fungi imperfecti strains resulted in the detection, isolation, and structure elucidation of a new symmetric 16-membered macrodiolide, named helmidiol (1). This secondary metabolite from Alternaria alternata (strain FH-A 6965) shows anthelmintic properties.
THE EXPRESSION OF LEF-1 IS ABLE TO INDUCE INVERSE REGULATION OF E-CADHERIN AND P-CADHERIN IN PANCREATIC CANCER (2008)

The regulation of cadherin adhesion modules is crucial for the constitution and functionality of different tissues. The connection of E-cadherin and the actin cytoskeleton results in enhanced intercellular contact and formation of epithelial tissue, while P-cadherin increases mostly cellular motility and supports epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). An inverse regulation of both cadherins, as well as a crucial role of the transcription factor Lef-1 in this regulatory process, could be detected during several processes of EMT in hair development. In our present work, we can demonstrate that Lef-1 is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. Additionally, Lef-1 is able to reduce the expression of E-cadherin on protein and RNA-expression levels, using a new splice variant. In contrast, P-cadherin expression levels are elevated in pancreatic cancer. Overexpressed Lef-1 is able to enhance the expression of P-cadherin, which is due to transcriptional activation of the P-cadherin promoter. The inverse regulation of E- and P-cadherin is probably caused by increased expression of Lef-1, as we could show that in cells with a high expression level of Lef-1 and P-cadherin as well as a marginal expression of E-cadherin (SW480), overexpression of dominant negative Lef-1 (Lef-1 ΔHMG) reduces P-cadherin protein levels and inversely enhances E-cadherin protein levels. Additionally, pancreatic cancer cells overexpressing Lef-1 - resulting in increased P-cadherin and reduced E-cadherin expression - show a reduced cellular aggregation.
Immune Activation and Decreased Tryptophan in Patients with HIV-1 Infection (1990)

We compared tryptophan, neopterin, and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) concentrations in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 22 patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Tryptophan levels were found to be decreased in CSF and serum of patients whereas neopterin levels in CSF and serum and serum IFN-gamma concentrations were increased compared to healthy HIV-1 seronegatives. Tryptophan concentrations correlated negatively to neopterin concentrations, and serum neopterin concentrations correlated positively to IFN-gamma concentrations. Thus, decrease of tryptophan levels is associated with chronic immune stimulation in patients with HIV-1 infection. From the data it appears that reduced tryptophan in patients may result from induction of indoleamine (2,3)-dioxygenase by IFN-gamma.
Caveolae/raft-dependent endocytosis (2003)

Although caveolae are well-characterized subdomains of glycolipid rafts, their distinctive morphology and association with caveolins has led to their internalization being considered different from that of rafts. In this review, we propose that caveolae and rafts are internalized via a common pathway, caveolae/raft-dependent endocytosis, defined by its clathrin independence, dynamin dependence, and sensitivity to cholesterol depletion. The regulatory role of caveolin-1 and ligand sorting in this complex endocytic pathway are specifically addressed.
The Return of Beavers to Southern Piedmont Streams (2003)

The return of beaver to streams in Guilford County, North Carolina has encountered widely different responses in rural and urban landscape contexts. We found that beaver were viewed as positive agents of stream restoration in a project intended to rank potential riparian conservation easements in rural Guilford County. The response to beaver in two urban neighborhoods was to demand their eradication as a public nuisance. A primary goal of stream restoration in environmental planning is the recreation of natural conditions in streams altered by human action. Successful implementation of that goal will require clear definitions of what constitutes natural form and function, and human accommodations to the changes reintroduced species may bring to local environments.
Time-domain channel shortening and equalization of OFDM over doubly-selective channels (2004)

We discuss time-domain equalization of OFDM over doubly-selective channels. We consider the most general case, where the channel delay spread is larger than the cyclic prefix (CP), which results in inter-block interference (IBI). IBI, in conjunction with the Doppler effect, destroys the orthogonality between subcarriers and, hence, results in intercarrier interference (ICI). The time-domain equalizer (TEQ) is assumed to be a time-varying finite impulse response (TV FIR). The purpose of the TEQ is to convert the doubly-selective channel into a purely frequency-selective channel whose delay spread fits within the CP. In other words, the purpose of the TEQ is to restore orthogonality between subcarriers in the OFDM system.
Magnetoelectric Wireless Condition Monitor for Trackside Monitoring of Train Traction Systems (2015)

A magnetoelectric (ME) wireless condition monitor comprising a maximum of four ME passive sensors and a 4-channel, 2.4-GHz wireless communication unit is developed for trackside monitoring of train traction systems. In a field study on the East Rail Line in Hong Kong, an ME passive sensor is installed at a central point of the rail track and connected to a single-channel wireless transmitter mounted outside the rail track. The 4-channel wireless receiver is housed at Fo Tan station with a distance of 200 m from the sensor/transmitter pair to monitor magnetic field signatures governed by four sets of electric traction motors and motor drives located underneath the 2nd, 5th, 8th, and 11th cars of 12-car mainline trains when the trains pass through the monitoring site. The monitored time-domain magnetic field signatures due to different train types, train numbers, and passing times are analyzed using fast Fourier transform (FFT) and short-time Fourier transform (STFT). Practical implications of the proposed trackside-type monitor for in-situ inspection of train traction systems are obtained, together with online verification of train identity and tracking of train position. doi: 10.12783/SHM2015/259
Evolution of Propargyl Ethers into Allylgold Cations in the Cyclization of Enynes (2009)

Shifty moves: 1,n-Enynes with propargyl alcohol, ether, or silyl ether units undergo gold(I)-catalyzed intramolecular 1,(n−1)-migration via allylgold cations (see scheme). These intermediates have been trapped by olefins, indole, and by a formal intramolecular CH insertion. In the case of aryl-substituted 1,7-enynes, a cascade process involving a Nazarov-type cyclization leads to 6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[c]fluorenes. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Shared Risk Factors in Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer (2016)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer are the 2 leading causes of death worldwide. Although commonly thought of as 2 separate disease entities, CVD and cancer possess various similarities and possible interactions, including a number of similar risk factors (eg, obesity, diabetes mellitus), suggesting a shared biology for which there is emerging evidence. Although chronic inflammation is an indispensable feature of the pathogenesis and progression of both CVD and cancer, additional mechanisms can be found at their intersection. Therapeutic advances, despite improving longevity, have increased the overlap between these diseases, with millions of cancer survivors now at risk of developing CVD. Cardiac risk factors have a major impact on subsequent treatment-related cardiotoxicity. In this review, we explore the risk factors common to both CVD and cancer, highlighting the major epidemiological studies and potential biological mechanisms that account for them.
Design And Fabrication Of Optically-pumped Guided-mode Resonance Surface-emitting Lasers (2007)

This dissertation describes the design and fabrication of guided-mode resonance (GMR) structures and their applications to laser devices. These include tunable Ti:Sapphire lasers as well as semiconductor lasers with integrated light emitting layers. The resonance characteristics of GMR structures are determined by the designed and fabricated waveguide-grating parameters. The primary tool for the design and simulation analysis of GMR devices is rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA). This numerical method is used to provide diffraction efficiency calculations as well as simulations of the electric fields within GMR structures. RCWA-based field analysis is used to design an optically pumped GMR surface-emitting laser (GMR-SEL) in the GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs material system with an In0.2Ga0.8As quantum well for output wavelength near 980 nm. \nAll optical GMR devices require patterning of sub-micron diffraction grating structures. Preliminary GMR grating fabrication is performed by holographic interference lithography and is optimized by utilizing a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera-based fringe stabilization system. Prototype GMR-SEL devices are fabricated in the GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs material system by electron-beam lithography and reactive-ion etching (RIE). Electron-beam lithography is performed using hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) as high-resolution resist material. The results of exposure proximity correction for electron-beam lithography are presented. An RIE process suitable for reliable etching of the HSQ grating patterns into a semiconductor GMR-SEL wafer is developed and characterized.\nThe fabricated prototype GMR-SEL devices are optically pumped at an oblique GMR resonance angle near 45º corresponding to the 810 nm output of a Ti:Sapphire laser. Whereas these elements have insufficient gain for lasing, the measured photoluminescence spectra for several devices exhibit spectral peaks that occur precisely at the theoretical GMR-SEL resonance locations. Therefore, this dissertation provides results and methods useful to experimentally realize prototype GMR-SEL devices fabricated in semiconductor materials.
Deep learning applied to seismic attribute computation (2019)

We have trained deep convolutional neural networks (DCNs) to accelerate the computation of seismic attributes by an order of magnitude. These results are enabled by overcoming the prohibitive memory requirements typical of 3D DCNs for segmentation and regression by implementing a novel, memory-efficient 3D-to-2D convolutional architecture and by including tens of thousands of synthetically generated labeled examples to enhance DCN training. Including diverse synthetic labeled seismic in training helps the network generalize enabling it to accurately predict seismic attribute values on field-acquired seismic surveys. Once trained, our DCN tool generates attributes with no input parameters and no additional user guidance. The DCN attribute computations are virtually indistinguishable from conventionally computed attributes while computing up to 100 times faster.
Tunable Inverse Opal Hydrogel pH Sensors (2003)

The synthesis, swelling kinetics, and optical diffraction of inverse opal hydrogel sensors (see Figure) are demonstrated. Colloidal crystal templating is used to prepare methacrylate/acrylic acid (AA) copolymers that have an interconnected pore structure, allowing facile diffusion and a relatively rapid response. The system shows good mechanical stability and pH‐dependent shifts in optical diffraction regulated by the AA concentration.
Hepatic stellate cell–derived platelet‐derived growth factor receptor‐alpha‐enriched extracellular vesicles promote liver fibrosis in mice through SHP2 (2018)

PDGFRα is enriched in EVs derived from PDGF-BB-treated HSCs in an Src homology 2 domain tyrosine phosphatase 2-dependent manner and these PDGFRα-enriched EVs participate in development of liver fibrosis. (Hepatology 2018;68:333-348).
Asymmetric Induction in the [2,3] Wittig Rearrangement The Stereoselective Synthesis of Unsaturated Alcohols with Three Contiguous Stereogenic Centers (1989)

Abstract The [2,3] Wittig rearrangements of the lithio anions of the allyl propargyl ethers 7 are diastereoselective. A chiral dioxolane in the allyl moiety of 7 controls the configuration of the vinyl group at one of the newly formed stereogenic centers through asymmetric induction. Proper choice of cis ‐ or trans ‐configurated starting material generates anti ( 12 ) or syn ( 13 ) 1,3‐dioxygenated systems, respectively, in high selectivity. – It is suggested that the magnitude of the vicinal coupling constant 3 J OH,H of the hydroxylic proton can be used to assign the stereochemistry in epimeric syn and anti γ ‐alkoxy alcohols.
960mV open circuit voltage chalcopyrite solar cell (2015)

Open circuit voltage of 960mV on chalcopyrite solar cell was achieved by pure-sulfide CuInGaS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> solar cell. Generally, high performance CuInGaS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> needs KCN-etching treatment to remove CuS layer, however, we could fabricate it without KCN-etching treatment. Additionally, Cd-free buffer layer was applied for current density improvement and the champion cell demonstrated over 14% efficiency. In this paper, the latest results for high performance pure-sulfide CuInGaS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> cells will be presented.