gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Suppression of Abnormal Grain Growth in Barium Titanate by Atmosphere Control (2001)

The ferroelectric properties of barium titanate strongly depend on its microstructure, in particular, grain size and distribution. During sintering, usually exhibits abnormal grain growth, which deteriorates considerably the ferroelectric properties. A typical technique to suppress the abnormal grain growth is the addition of dopants. Dopant addition, however, affects the ferroelectric properties and thus limits the application of . Here, we report a simple but novel technique to prevent the abnormal grain growth of and to overcome the limitation of dopant use. The technique consists of stepwise sintering in a reducing atmosphere and in an oxidizing atmosphere. The materials prepared by the present technique exhibit uniform grain size and high dielectric properties. The technique should provide opportunities of having -based materials with superior ferroelectric properties.
(Salen)ruthenium‐Catalyzed Desymmetrization of meso‐Diols. Part 2. Apical Ligand Effect on Enantioselectivity. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Dopaminergic and benzodiazepine receptors studied in vivo by PET. (1986)

Using Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and specific radioligands, dopaminergic D2 (DA-D2 receptors) and benzodiazepine receptors (BZ-receptors) were studied in living animals during normal and pathological conditions. In vivo characterization of both receptors was performed using two highly specific antagonists namely: 11C-Ro 15 1788 for BZ-receptors and 76 Br-Bromospiperone for DA-D2 receptors. Changes in 11c-Ro 15 1788 specific binding to BZ-receptors were observed during convulsive seizures. After MPTP treatment, a decrease in the 76 Br-Bromospiperone striatal specific binding was observed, correlated with the establishment of a Parkinson-like syndrome.
Sclerosants for variceal sclerotherapy: a critical appraisal. (1990)

Endoscopic sclerotherapy is a well-accepted technique for the treatment of variceal bleeding. It is carried out by injecting a sclerosant into or around a varix. Sclerosants are oily or aqueous chemicals which produce sclerosis, depending on their necroinflammatory and thrombotic properties. The safety and efficacy of various sclerosants has been evaluated in experimental and human studies. However, due to the presence of a large number of variables, conflicting results have been reported. Based primarily on anecdotal experiences, sodium tetradecyl sulfate, ethanolamine oleate, polidocanol, and alcohol appear to be potent and safe sclerosants. There is great need to perform double-blind trials to identify ideal sclerosant(s) with optimum thrombogenic and minimum necroinflammatory properties.
Regulation of soluble guanylate cyclase activity by direct interaction with heat shock protein Hsp90 (2005)

Background Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) is the main receptor of nitric oxide (NO). NO binds to the ferrous heme moiety of sGC thus activating the enzyme and increasing cyclic GMP (cGMP) levels. sGC is inhibited by various oxidants which either convert ferrous heme to ferric suppressing NO binding or modify essential thiol groups of sGC. Certain heat shock proteins (Hsp) can protect the enzymes from this inactivation. Hence, we suggested that Hsp can block oxidant-induced inhibition of sGC.
Generic object recognition by graph structural expression (2012)

This paper describes a method for generic object recognition using graph structural expression. In recent years, generic object recognition by computer is finding extensive use in a variety of fields, including robotic vision and image retrieval. Conventional methods use a bag-of-features (BoF) approach, which expresses the image as an appearance frequency histogram of visual words by quantizing SIFT (Scale-Invariant Feature Transform) features. However, there is a problem associated with this approach, namely that the location information and the relationship between keypoints (both of which are important as structural information) are lost. To deal with this problem, in the proposed method, the graph is constructed by connecting SIFT keypoints with lines. As a result, the keypoints maintain their relationship, and then structural representation with location information is achieved. Since graph representation is not suitable for statistical work, the graph is embedded into a vector space according to the graph edit distance. The experiment results on an image dataset of 10 classes showed that, the proposed method improved the recognition rate by 14.08%.
Credit Card Fraud Detection: A Novel Approach Using Aggregation Strategy and Feedback Mechanism (2018)

With the rapid development of electronic commerce, the number of transactions by credit cards are increasing rapidly. As online shopping becomes the most popular transaction mode, cases of transaction fraud are also increasing. In this paper, we propose a novel fraud detection method that composes of four stages. To enrich a cardholder's behavioral patterns, we first utilize the cardholders' historical transaction data to divide all cardholders into different groups such that the transaction behaviors of the members in the same group are similar. We thus propose a window-sliding strategy to aggregate the transactions in each group. Next, we extract a collection of specific behavioral patterns for each cardholder based on the aggregated transactions and the cardholder's historical transactions. Then we train a set of classifiers for each group on the base of all behavioral patterns. Finally, we use the classifier set to detect fraud online and if a new transaction is fraudulent, a feedback mechanism is taken in the detection process in order to solve the problem of concept drift. The results of our experiments show that our approach is better than others.
A soluble truncated tau species related to cognitive dysfunction and caspase-2 is elevated in the brain of Huntington’s disease patients (2019)

Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Involuntary movements, cognitive impairment and psychiatric disturbance are the major clinical manifestations, and gradual atrophy and selective neuronal loss in the striatum and cerebral cortex are the pathologic hallmarks. HD is caused by expanded CAG trinucleotide repeats at the N-terminus of IT15 that encodes the huntingtin (HTT) protein, though the molecular mechanisms through which the mutant HTT (mHTT) exerts toxic effects remain obscure. Members of the caspase family, including caspase-2 (Casp2), play an important role in HD pathogenesis. Genetic ablation of Casp2 ameliorates cognitive and motor deficits of HD mice, though the molecular targets of Casp2 are still unclear. It is well established that the microtubule-associated protein tau potentiates cognitive dysfunction in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders, including HD. Our recent study indicates that Casp2-catalyzed tau cleavage at aspartate 314 (tau 2N4R isoform numbering system) mediates synaptotoxicity, cognitive deficits and neurodegeneration in cellular and mouse models of frontotemporal dementia; further, levels of Δtau314, the soluble, N-terminal cleavage product, are elevated in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease, compared with cognitively normal individuals. Here, we identified the presence of Δtau314 proteins in the striatum (caudate nucleus) and prefrontal cortex (Brodmann's area 8/9) of human subjects, and showed that in both structures, levels of Casp2 and Δtau314 proteins correlate well, and both proteins are higher in HD patients than non-HD individuals. Our findings advance our understanding of the contribution of Casp2-mediated Δtau314 production to HD pathogenesis.
Solution forms of bouvardin and relatives from NMR studies. 6-O-Methylbouvardin (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolution forms of bouvardin and relatives from NMR studies. 6-O-MethylbouvardinRobert B. Bates, Jack R. Cole, Joseph J. Hoffmann, George R. Kriek, Gary S. Linz, and Sterling J. TorranceCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 5, 1343–1347Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00343a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00343a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views165Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Influence of Pentoxifylline and Albifylline on Liver Microcirculation and Leukocyte Adhesion after Hemorrhagic Shock in the Rat (1996)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two xanthine derivates, pentoxifylline (PTX) and its more metabolically stable analogue, albifylline (HWA 138), on hepatic sinusoidal perfusion and leukocyte endothelial interactions in the liver after hemorrhagic shock. Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 8 per group) were exposed to hemorrhagic shock at 40 mm Hg for 60 minutes and subsequently resuscitated with 60% of shed blood and lactated Ringer's solution before intravital microscopy of the liver 3 hours after resuscitation. Using fluorescence markers, quantitative evaluations of red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) velocities and WBC endothelium interactions were performed. Animals were chosen randomly and blindly to receive either PTX or HWA 138 in a dosage of 25 mg/kg body weight 1 minute before resuscitation, or they received placebo. This was followed by a further infusion of 25 mg/kg body weight during the 3-hour resuscitation period. Although systemic parameters were comparable in all groups, both xanthine derivates enhanced the reduced velocity of RBCs and WBCs of the placebo group. Pathological values of WBC endothelium adhesion in the placebo group (adhesion index: 126.7 +/- 19.5 s/100 WBCs, mean +/- SE) was significantly reduced by PTX (64.4 +/- 10.5, p < 0.05) and HWA 138 (71.9 +/- 10.7, p < 0.05). The results indicate a significant reduction of shock-induced leukocyte adhesions to the sinusoidal endothelium in the liver. In addition, both xanthine derivates led to improved microvascular blood flow in the liver. Thus, PTX and HWA 138 reveal multiple positive effects on early shock-induced alterations in the liver, supporting earlier studies which indicated their potential application in shock therapy.
Core‐Brominated Tetraazaperopyrenes as n‐Channel Semiconductors for Organic Complementary Circuits on Flexible Substrates (2013)

Abstract Organic thin‐film transistors (TFTs) are prepared by vacuum deposition and solution shearing of 2,9‐bis(perfluoroalkyl)‐substituted tetraazaperopyrenes (TAPPs) with bromine substituents at the aromatic core. The TAPP derivatives are synthesized by reacting known unsubstituted TAPPs with bromine in fuming sulphuric acid, and their electrochemical properties are studied in detail by cyclic voltammetry and modelled with density functional theory (DFT) methods. Lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energies and electron affinities indicate that the core‐brominated TAPPs should exhibit n‐channel semiconducting properties. Current‐voltage characteristics of the TFTs established electron mobilities of up to μ n = 0.032 cm 2 V −1 s −1 for a derivative which was subsequently processed in the fabrication of a complementary ring oscillator on a flexible plastic substrate (PEN).
The Bacteriophage T4 DNA Replication Fork (1989)

Seven bacteriophage T4-encoded proteins reconstitute a DNA replication apparatus that catalyzes coupled leading and lagging strand DNA synthesis at a replication fork in vitro. The proteins involved are the T4 DNA polymerase holoenzyme (the products of T4 genes 43, 44/62, and 45), a helix-destabilizing (SSB) protein (gene 32 protein), and the T4 primosome which is composed of a DNA helicase (gene 41 protein) and a primase (gene 61 protein). We show here that the presence of 41 protein on the lagging strand of the fork enables the polymerase holoenzyme to catalyze leading strand DNA synthesis at a maximum rate and with high processivity. This leading strand synthesis is unaffected by the addition of either the gene 32 or the gene 61 protein; the 41 protein cannot be replaced by the dda protein, a second T4-encoded DNA helicase. When the 61 protein is added to the 41 protein to complete the primosome, Okazaki fragment synthesis on the lagging strand accompanies leading strand DNA synthesis in this system even in the absence of the 32 protein. However, the addition of 32 protein decreases the size of the Okazaki fragments made, as expected for an increase in the lagging strand polymerization rate at a fork that has coupled leading and lagging strand DNA polymerase molecules.
Improved CNN classification accuracy with the addition of shallow cascading CNNs (2021)

A novel methodology of augmenting the design of an existing Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is proposed to improve its accuracy over low accuracy classes, on any dataset. The proposed structure precedes the CNN and comprises shallow CNNs arranged in a novel cascading topology to minimize the inference time. The approach utilizes the confusion matrix of the input CNN on a specific dataset to identify sets of low accuracy classes that resemble each other with respect to the error distribution. The shallow networks operate in parallel to improve the accuracy of selected low accuracy classes, without increasing the inference time. Experimentation on benchmark datasets and established CNNs shows a significant increase, up to 36.8%, in the accuracy of selected classes over the input CNN, with practically no overhead on the inference time.
A laboratory breadboard system for dual-arm teleoperation (1990)

The computing architecture of a novel dual-arm teleoperation system is described. The novelty of this system is that: (1) the master arm is not a replica of the slave arm; it is unspecific to any manipulator and can be used for the control of various robot arms with software modifications; and (2) the force feedback to the general purpose master arm is derived from force-torque sensor data originating from the slave hand. The computing architecture of this breadboard system is a fully synchronized pipeline with unique methods for data handling, communication and mathematical transformations. The computing system is modular, thus inherently extendable. The local control loops at both sites operate at 100 Hz rate, and the end-to-end bilateral (force-reflecting) control loop operates at 200 Hz rate, each loop without interpolation. This provides high-fidelity control. This end-to-end system elevates teleoperation to a new level of capabilities via the use of sensors, microprocessors, novel electronics, and real-time graphics displays. A description is given of a graphic simulation system connected to the dual-arm teleoperation breadboard system. High-fidelity graphic simulation of a telerobot (called Phantom Robot) is used for preview and predictive displays for planning and for real-time control under several seconds communication time delay conditions. High fidelity graphic simulation is obtained by using appropriate calibration techniques.
The Effect of Perimeter Geometry on FBAR Resonator Electrical Performance (2005)

We describe the first four Lamb-Rayleigh modes seen in an FBAR resonator. We also describe the effect of apodization (non parallel edges) have on the kx-ky space as compared to square resonators.
A 300°C dynamic-feedback instrumentation amplifier (2002)

Accurate instrumentation amplifiers with a long-term stability of only a few ppm per year are required for applications such as satellites and downhole oil wells, where accessibility is difficult or maintenance or re-calibration are unacceptable. Pressure measurements in downhole oil wells require extreme precision while the operating temperatures may exceed 250/spl deg/C. Conventional accurate and long-term-stable amplifiers rely on accurate and stable feedback components. In practice, the inaccuracy is limited to about 10/sup -3/. Moreover, calibration or trimming cannot guarantee good long-term amplifier stability. This instrumentation amplifier for such applications uses dynamic feedback.
Extended Lyman-alpha emission in 3C 326.1 - A 100 kiloparsec cloud of ionized gas at a redshift of 1.82 (1987)

The discovery of a large cloud of ionized gas associated with the high-redshift radio source 3C 326.1 is reported; this cloud is the best candidate for a protogalaxy yet observed. The radio source is a small double without a detectable core which is encompassed by a cloud of ionized gas of approximately 100 kpc diameter and a redshift of 1.825. Two faint blue objects are located on the periphery of the cloud along with some very faint, extremely diffuse blue objects roughly coincident with the brightest regions of the cloud. The Ly-alpha emission from the cloud appears to have a large intrinsic width. Weak extended emission from semiforbidden C II and semiforbidden C III is seen, but C IV emission is not detected. The large equivalent width of Ly-alpha and the relative strengths of the carbon lines are consistent with H II region-type photoionization.
Data from The Synergistic Combination of the Farnesyl Transferase Inhibitor Lonafarnib and Paclitaxel Enhances Tubulin Acetylation and Requires a Functional Tubulin Deacetylase (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Farnesyl transferase (FT) inhibitors (FTI) are anticancer agents developed to target oncogenic Ras proteins by inhibiting Ras farnesylation. FTIs potently synergize with paclitaxel and other microtubule-stabilizing drugs; however, the mechanistic basis underlying this synergistic interaction remains elusive. Here we show that the FTI lonafarnib affects the microtubule cytoskeleton resulting in microtubule bundle formation, increased microtubule stabilization and acetylation, and suppression of microtubule dynamics. Notably, treatment with the combination of low doses of lonafarnib with paclitaxel markedly enhanced tubulin acetylation (a marker of microtubule stability) as compared with either drug alone. This synergistic effect correlated with FT inhibition and was accompanied by a synergistic increase in mitotic arrest and cell death. Mechanistically, we show that the combination of lonafarnib and paclitaxel inhibits the &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; deacetylating activity of the only known tubulin deacetylase, histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6). In addition, the lonafarnib/taxane combination is synergistic only in cells lines expressing the wild-type HDAC6, but not a catalytic-mutant HDAC6, revealing that functional HDAC6 is required for the synergy of lonafarnib with taxanes. Furthermore, tubacin, a specific HDAC6 inhibitor, synergistically enhanced tubulin acetylation in combination with paclitaxel, similar to the combination of lonafarnib and paclitaxel. Taken together, these data suggest a relationship between FT inhibition, HDAC6 function, and cell death, providing insight into the putative molecular basis of the lonafarnib/taxane synergistic antiproliferative combination.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Immunological Strategies Targeting B Cells in Organ Grafting (2005)

After delayed-type hypersensitivity and T cell cytotoxicity, the production of alloantibodies is the third effector mechanism contributing to graft injury. Histological characterization of antibody-mediated rejection and the detection of donor-reactive antibodies have highlighted the role of humoral immunity in acute and chronic rejection. A potential way of achieving central B cell tolerance is to induce complete chimerism with a myeloablative regimen and bone marrow transplant. However, nonmyeloablative regimens have been developed to create a state of "mixed chimerism" in patients without hematologic malignancies. Other strategies targeting B cells have been developed for the management of "high risk" clinical situations, including highly sensitized patients and transplantation with a positive crossmatch. These strategies have been extended to ABO incompatible transplantations and xenotransplantations. We will review therapeutic regimens that allow the removal or neutralization of pathogenic antibodies (immunoadsorption, plasmapheresis, intravenous globulins) and the blockade of memory B cell proliferation and differentiation into plasmocytes, including cyclophosphamide, the tacrolimus/mycophenolate mofetil combination, and anti-CD20 antibodies.
Ada 95: The Craft of Object-Oriented Programming (1996)

1. Fundementals. 2. Programming Concepts. 3. Fundementals of Ada. Statements. 4. Procedures, Functions and Packages. 5. Defining New Data Types: Composite Data Types. 6. Exceptions. 7. Program Design and Debugging. 8. Abstract Data Types. 9. Private Types. 10. Designing with Abstract Data Types. 11. Dynamic Memory Allocation. 12. Generics. 13. Building a Calculator. 14. Designing Extensible Software. 15. Tagged Types. 16. Polymorphism and Despatching. 17. Controlled Types. 18. An Object-Oriented Calculator. 19. Designing a Spreadsheet. 20. Multitasking. 21. Loose Ends. Appendices.
Abstract 5604: Modulation of Stat3 in the tumor microenvironment enhances adoptive T cell therapy (2010)

Abstract Adoptive T cell transfer has shown promise in several malignancies. However, the need to expand antigen-specific T cells for prolonged periods ex vivo and the immunosuppressive effects of the tumor microenvironment severely limit its antitumor efficacy. To overcome these challenges, we tested the feasibility of stimulating and expanding transferred T cells in vivo by targeting Stat3, an oncogenic transcription factor critical for mediating tumor immunosuppression. In contrast to Stat3+/+ CD8+ T cells, transferred naïve CD8+ T cells with genetic Stat3 inhibition, effectively infiltrated tumors where they proliferated robustly, resulting in increased tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cell activity and tumor growth inhibition. To facilitate the clinical translation of these findings, we further tested sunitinib, an FDA-approved tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has been shown to block Stat3 in several cell types. Sunitinib treatment combined with adoptive T cell transfer of Stat3−/− CD8+ T cells resulted in significant tumor growth inhibition in both immunosuppressed and immunocompetent hosts. Furthermore, sunitinib enhanced tumor T cell infiltration, dendritic cell activation and decreased tumor conversion of T regulatory cells. Targeting Stat3 in tumor cells and immune cells with sunitinib represents a novel approach to overcoming the obstacles that currently face adoptive T cell transfer therapy, which can be translated for immediate use in the clinic for treating cancer. Supported by R01CA146092-01, K12 CA 01727, Kure It Kidney Cancer Research Fund and the Richard and Nancy Bloch Research Fund. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5604.