gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) therapy in patients with unresectable primary liver cancer: Use of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI to evaluate response (2005)

4129 Background: This study reports preliminary results of the use of HAI of Floxuridine (FUDR) and Dexamethasone (Dex) in patients (pts) with unresectable cholangiocarcinoma (CC) or hepatocellular cancer (HCC), and investigates the use of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) to evaluate changes in tumor perfusion, and to correlate these findings with radiographic tumor response. Methods: Seventeen pts (15 CC, 2 HCC) deemed unresectable by experienced hepatobiliary surgeons were treated with HAI FUDR/Dex via arterial pump by continuous infusion over 14 days on a 4-week cycle. Imaging: MRI imaging was performed on a conventional 1.5 Tesla MRI scanner. DCE-MRI images were acquired with a temporal resolution of 1 second per image. Analysis was performed with a two compartment model, the slope of the initial contrast uptake, as well as transfer between lesion and plasma compartments were calculated. Results: Of 17 pts, 14 are presently evaluable, while 3 are too early to assess for response. One of 2 pts with HCC responded; 5 of 12 pts (42%) with CC had partial response, and 6 (50%) had stable disease. Median duration of response is 11.9 months (range 4.1 - 14.7). Median time to progression for all pts is 7.2 months. Seven have progressed: 4 (liver), 2 (lung), 1 (bone). Treatment has been well-tolerated: Gr 3 SGOT elevation was seen in 5 pts (29%), and Gr 3 alkaline phosphatase in 4 (23%). No pt had bilirubin elevation, diarrhea or neutropenia. Comparison of lesion size on DCE-MRI and conventional MRI showed that post-treatment changes in tumor perfusion (slope measurements) observed at 2 months predict treatment response earlier than bi-dimensional tumor measurements. Patients with rapid uptake of contrast (slope > 300% increase/min) all showed tumor response. Conclusions: Presently, HAI therapy with FUDR + Dex demonstrates a 43% response rate with an excellent toxicity profile. Changes in tumor perfusion and vascular permeability may predict treatment response earlier and correlate with probability of response in pts with CC or HCC. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Johnson & Johnson Johnson & Johnson
RLC SDU Loss and Arrival Delay in Multi-SIM UEs (2015)

The number of User Equipments (UEs) with multiple active subscriber identities (Multi-SIM) will increase throughout the coming years. The requirement in such UEs for each of the Subscriber Identity Modules (SIMs) to have parallel network access, invoke access conflicts on baseband/RF level. These conflicts ends up in one or more of the inserted SIMs being denied access for brief period of time, usually on the scale of tenths of milliseconds repeated every half to two minutes. These Multi-SIM conflicts are analysed using a combination of link level, and frame based simulation. The simulation clarifies the impact of Global System for Mobile (GSM)-like idle mode operations conflicting with an active Long Term Evolution (LTE) connection. The presented results show the effect Multi-SIM has on Radio Link Control (RLC) Unacknowledged Mode (UM) Service Data Unit (SDU) drop rate, and Acknowledge Mode (AM) SDU arrival time. It is shown that the impact of Multi-SIM on the drop rate and arrival time of the SDUs is based not only on the amount of conflicts between the SIMs, but also on the time alignment between the basestations retransmission timing strategy and the placement of the conflicts in time. The results may prove as base for discussions on some requirements to the basestations network configuration and performance.
An adaptive mutation method for GA based on relative importance (2010)

A new adaptive mutation method, which uses the information of relative importance of chromosomes and alleles, is proposed for genetic algorithm(GA). In each generation, suitable chromosomes for mutation are automatically choosed based on cumulative distribution function of chromosomes fitness, without requiring to set the mutation probability anymore. After selecting chromosomes for mutation, the standard deviations of allele of all loci are used to decide the number of mutational loci and choose appropriate loci to undergo mutation. To protect good genes on a fit chromosome, the fitness information is included into loci selection by weighting the standard deviations of allele with fitness probability. The results of benchmark testing show the mutation method always has better results and higher speed than traditional mutation method.
Prediction of Progression Following Radical Prostatectomy (1996)

We studied 721 men with clinically confined disease who underwent radical prostatectomy. No patient received preoperative or postoperative radiotherapy or hormone therapy until progression occurred. For those men without progression, the mean follow-up was 6.5 years with a median of 6 years (range 1 to 12 years). Because patients with lymph node metastases or seminal vesicle invasion had such a high risk of progression, enhanced prognostication was not needed in men with these findings. Thus we focused this analysis on the 617 men without lymph node metastases or seminal vesicle invasion. In the multivariate analysis, Gleason score (P < 0.0001), surgical margins (P = 0.004), and capsular penetration (P = 0.007) were all independent predictors of progression. Tumors with a Gleason score of 2 through 4 were almost invariably cured, with a 10-year progression-free risk of 96%. At the opposite end of the spectrum, the 10-year actuarial progression-free risk for men with a Gleason score of 8 through 9 was 35%. Men with Gleason score 2 through 4 or 8 through 9 tumors could not be stratified into different risks of progression based on the presence or extent of capsular penetration or margin status. For the men with Gleason score 5 through 7 tumors (88.2% of cases), predicting their risk of progression was enhanced by knowledge of their tumor's capsular penetration and margin status. Tumors with a Gleason score of 5 through 6 and 7 were each stratified into three groups with different risks of progression. Using the actuarial curves within this study, physicians will be able to more accurately determine a patient's risk of progression following radical prostatectomy based on a combination of the radical prostatectomy Gleason score, extent of capsular penetration, and status of surgical margins of resection.
Stretch-Modulated Carbon Nanotube Alignment in Ferroelectric Polymer Composites: Characterization of the Orientation State and Its Influence on the Dielectric Properties (2011)

The large electrically stimulated actuation in high-performance actuator materials requires a careful investigation of how the variation in strain would affect the mechanism of inside polarization and thus the final dielectric properties of the carbon nanotube electroactive composites. Herein, we systematically studied the tensile strain’s effect on the dielectric properties of multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanocomposites, by quantitatively characterizing the inside microstructure shift during uniaxial mechanical stretching. The results showed that MWNTs became aligned in response to the external stretching and the preferential alignment degree increased with the tensile strain. This in turn triggered a complex changing law of macroscopic dielectric properties. Maximum increment in the dielectric permittivity of the composite can reach 30% at 102 Hz relative to that before stretching. Evolution of conductive pathways and formation of microcapacitors during stretching can be invoked as being responsible for the large variation of dielectric properties. This was finally confirmed by using an equivalent circuit model of two parallel RC circuits in series to analyze the impedance data.
Adaptive multiuser MMSE down-link receiver techniques for UTRA TDD (2002)

We present three joint adaptive mean squared error receiver structures for a time division duplex down-link scenario in which a single mobile station is allocated several code-multiplexed channels. The first structure is a bank of single channel MMSE receivers. The second is composed of an equaliser common to all the received channels and a bank of matched filters for despreading. The equaliser can be updated using a multiple-error filtered-X LMS algorithm. The final proposed structure features both an equaliser and a bank of MMSE receivers. The performance of the three architectures is tested and compared under multipath fading channel propagation conditions and BER values are provided.
An Integrated Framework for At-Speed and ATE-Driven Delay Test of Contract-Manufactured ASICs (2007)

In contractmanufacturing, the circuit netlist is owned by the ASIC customer. The manufacturer is required to work strictly within the design structure established by the customer. To manufacture high-quality components in this environment, it is critical to meet the customer's mandated quality and performance criteria, while minimizing hardware overhead and introducing litle or no design change. In this paper, we present a test framework for contract-manufactured ASICs using low-cost testers. Key aspects of the framework are low hardware overhead, significant savings in test data volume and test cost, and tight integration of the at-speed and ATE-driven test components to the design and manufacturing process.
Towards practical deployment of audio-visual speech recognition (2004)

Much progress has been achieved during the past two decades in audio-visual automatic speech recognition (AVASR). However, challenges persist that hinder AVASR deployment in practical situations, most notably, robust and fast extraction of visual speech features. We review our efforts in overcoming this problem, based on an appearance-based visual feature representation of the speaker's mouth region. We cover three topics in particular. Firstly, we discuss AVASR in realistic, visually challenging domains, where lighting, background, and head-pose vary significantly. To enhance visual-front-end robustness in such environments, we employ an improved statistical-based face detection algorithm that significantly outperforms our baseline scheme. However, visual-only recognition remains inferior to visually "clean" (studio-like) data, thus demonstrating the importance of accurate mouth region extraction. We then consider a wearable audio-visual sensor to capture the mouth region directly, thus eliminating face detection. Its use improves visual-only recognition, even over full-face videos recorded in the studio-like environment. Finally, we address the speed issue in visual feature extraction, by discussing our real-time AVASR prototype implementation. The reported progress demonstrates the feasibility of practical AVASR.
A study of the interaction between operator style and machine capability for a hydraulic mining excavator (2005)

This paper presents a case study that explores how operator digging style juxtaposes with mechanical capability for a class of hydraulic mining excavators. The relationships between actuator and digging forces are developed and these are used to identify the excavator's capability to apply forces in various directions. Two distinct modes of operation are examined to see how they relate to the mechanical capabilities of the linkage and to establish if one has merit over the other. It is found that one of these styles results in lower loading of the machine.
THE FAST PIEZO-BASED FREQUENCY TUNER FOR SC CH-CAVITIES ∗ (2014)

Superconducting structures are very susceptible to external influences due to their thin walls and their narrow bandwidth.Even small mechanical deformations caused by dynamic effects like microphonic noise, pressure fluctuations of the liquid helium bath or Lorentz-Force-Detuning can lead to resonance frequency changes of the cavity which are much larger than the bandwidth.To compensate the slow and fast resonance frequency variations during operation a compact frequency tuner prototype equipped with a stepper motor and a piezo actuator has been developed at the Institute for Applied Physics (IAP) of Frankfurt University.In this paper, the tuner design and the results of first room temperature measurements of the tuner prototype are presented.
Regioselective Synthesis of Polysubstituted Phenol Derivatives from Baylis—Hillman Adducts via [3 + 3] Annulation Strategy. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Scaling of horizontal and vertical fixational eye movements (2005)

Eye movements during fixation of a stationary target prevent the adaptation of the visual system to continuous illumination and inhibit fading of the image. These random, involuntary, small movements are restricted at long time scales so as to keep the target at the center of the field of view. Here we use detrended fluctuation analysis in order to study the properties of fixational eye movements at different time scales. Results show different scaling behavior between horizontal and vertical movements. When the small ballistic movements, i.e., microsaccades, are removed, the scaling exponents in both planes become similar. Our findings suggest that microsaccades enhance the persistence at short time scales mostly in the horizontal component and much less in the vertical component. This difference may be due to the need for continuously moving the eyes in the horizontal plane, in order to match the stereoscopic image for different viewing distances.
A Nomogram for Predicting Optimal Dosage of Cyclosporine in Renal Transplant Patients: Taking Physiological Factors into Consideration for Regimen during Immunosuppressive Therapy. (1995)

We constructed a nomogram for determining the optimal regimen of cyclosporine (CyA), based on physiological changes that occur during immunosuppressive therapy. The nomogram consists of a fixed model and a variable model. In the fixed model, the oral dose of CyA (D, mg/kg) is given by the multiple linear function of logarithmic CyA trough level (TL, ng/ml), the surrogate apparent total body clearance of CyA (CL/fsu, l/h/kg, being equal to D/TL/12), and the erythrocyte-to-plasma distribution ratio of CyA (CyA-EP), as defined by: D = 4.938 x log(TL) + 1.5037 x CL/fsu - 0.0326 x CyA-EP - 10.7156. In the variable model, the CL/fsu is given by the CyA-EP and the patient's intrinsic parameters (P1, P2), using a nonlinear equation: CL/fsu = P1 x exp(P2 x CyA-EP)/CyA-EP. An optimal CyA dose to maintain a desired trough level was calculated, and the validity of the nomogram was found satisfactory for clinical use. This offers a very concise and practical method for the therapeutic monitoring of CyA. Because the pharmacokinetics of CyA depends on physiological changes due to several disease states, and because the CyA-EP reflects the pharmacokinetics of CyA and the patient's disease state, the proposed nomogram is believed to provide an optimal dosage adjustment, taking physiological factors into consideration.
Safety and effectiveness of lusutrombopag in Japanese chronic liver disease patients with thrombocytopenia undergoing invasive procedures: Interim results of a postmarketing surveillance (2019)

This real-world surveillance further supports the safety and effectiveness of lusutrombopag in patients with chronic liver disease undergoing invasive procedures.
Loss minimization in distribution networks with multiple load scenarios (2002)

In distribution networks, the problem of finding the radial configuration that minimizes losses is usually solved for the peak load scenario, since this is the worst case situation regarding both losses and network loading. In general, the solution will remain optimal for other load levels, provided that there is an homothetic load variation. However, in some situations, the load pattern in the entire network may change during the day, or in seasonal periods, leading to situations where the solution is not optimal outside the peak period, or outside a specific period. On the other hand, the presence of dispersed generation directly connected to the distribution network may also contribute to these situations. This paper addresses this issue by considering a set of load scenarios and finding single or multiple configuration solutions that minimize both energy losses and switching actions, in a bicriteria framework. The optimization engine uses a simulated annealing algorithm previously reported to give good results in this class of problem. The methodology is illustrated with an example.
Arabinose Induces Pellicle Formation by Vibrio fischeri (2013)

Biofilms are multicellular communities of bacteria attached to a surface and embedded in a protective matrix. In many cases, the signals that induce biofilm formation are unknown. Here, we report that biofilm formation by the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri can be induced by the addition of arabinose to LBS (Luria-Bertani-salt), a tryptone-based medium. Growth of cells in the presence of 0.2% arabinose, but not other sugars, induced the production of a pellicle at the air/liquid interfaces of static cultures. V. fischeri failed to grow on arabinose as the sole carbon source, suggesting that pellicle production did not occur as a result of increased growth, but experiments using the acid/base indicator phenol red suggested that V. fischeri may partially metabolize arabinose. Pellicle production was independent of the syp polysaccharide locus but was altered upon disruption of the bcs cellulose locus. Through a screen for mutants defective for pellicle production, we found that loss of motility disrupted the formation of the arabinose-induced pellicle. Among the ∼20 mutants that retained motility were strains with insertions in a putative msh pilus locus and a strain with a defect in yidK, which is involved in galactose catabolism. Mutants with the msh gene disrupted grew poorly in the presence of arabinose, while the yidK mutant appeared to be "blind" to the presence of arabinose. Finally, arabinose impaired symbiotic colonization by V. fischeri. This work thus identifies a novel signal and new pathways involved in control of biofilm formation by V. fischeri.
Rapid light-induced changes in phosphoinositide kinases and H(+)-ATPase in plasma membrane of sunflower hypocotyls. (1990)

Irradiation of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. Russian Mammoth) hypocotyls with white light resulted in a 51% decrease in plasma membrane phosphatidylinositol monophosphate (PIP) kinase activity. As little as 10 s of white light irradiation was sufficient to lower the phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2) produced in the in vitro phosphorylation assay. This decrease was not caused by an increase in phospholipase C activity since analysis of the water-soluble products indicated no increase in inositol bisphosphate or inositol trisphosphate. Treatment of the plasma membrane with 200 microM vanadate prior to phosphorylation enhanced the PIP kinase and appeared to overcome the light inhibition. In addition to decreasing the PIP kinase activity, light irradiation resulted in a corresponding decrease in the H(+)-ATPase activity to 53% of the dark control values. The plasma membrane ATPase activity increased approximately 2-fold when PIP or PIP2 was added to the isolated membranes. Thus, effects of external stimuli on the level of plasma membrane PIP or PIP2 could affect plasma membrane ATPase activity directly and thereby provide an alternative mechanism for control of cell growth.
Isolation of cancer stem cells by selection for miR-302 expressing cells (2019)

We show the possibility to use drug resistance expressed from a regulatory sequence of a stem cell-specific marker, to isolate and propagate cancer stem cells that otherwise might be hidden in the majority of tumor cells.
Simulation of Turbulent Flow within an Enclosed Rotor-Stator Disc Cavity (2001)

The flow inside an enclosed rotor-stator disc cavity was studied numerically.The disc cavity was composed of a rotating disc,a stationary disc and a stationary shroud.The standard k-e turbulence model was employed in the core region of the cavity.Two low Reynolds number turbulence models,single equation model and Launder-Sharma Low Reynolds number k-e model,were used in the near wall region.The modification of dissipation rate decrease caused by solid body rotation was considered in the second model.The results showed that Launder-Sharma low Reynolds k-e model could more accurately reproduce the experimental data than the single equation model.
Identification and Validation of an Air Mass Flow Predictor Using a Nonlinear Stochastic State Representation (2000)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The control of an optimal combustion requires an estimation of cylinder air mass (&lt;b&gt;m&lt;sub&gt;air&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/b&gt;), and the calculation of the injected fuel mass. However, the low bandwidth of the engine process and the fuel injector impose a 2 Top Dead Center (&lt;b&gt;TDC&lt;/b&gt;) predictive computation of &lt;b&gt;m&lt;sub&gt;air&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/b&gt;. The elaboration of an accurate predictor requires the determination of an exact and robust « intake manifold » model. Thus, the model has to be validated and qualified experimentally, even though no &lt;b&gt;m&lt;sub&gt;air&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/b&gt; sensor and no physical model currently exist. From a behavioural model tending toward the real « intake manifold » behaviour, this study describes the determination of a stochastic state model. The non linearity of the process is treated, as well as the « no computation » characteristic of the internal combustion engine map. The numeralization method of the state system respects the real time constraint of the engine (engine speed interval [Niddle; 7000rpm]). This model is identified and validated on a PSA engine, as a Xk=manifold pressure estimator. The identification of state noise covariance and measurement noise covariance allows definition of an acurate and fast respond time estimator. Then, a 2 step predictor is elaborated, by integration of the stochastic state and measurement noise variables: average and covariance. The identification and validation has been done on the engine, and leads to a quality equivalent to that of the estimator. Thus, the “change base” operator allows, using the model, construction of &lt;b&gt;m&lt;sub&gt;air&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/b&gt; estimator/predictor with similar qualities.&lt;/div&gt;
N-Nitrosomelatonin (2000)

The title compound, N-[2-(5-methoxy-1-nitro­so-1H-indol-3-yl)­ethyl]­acet­amide, C13H15N3O3, an N-nitroso derivative of melatonin, crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The mol­ecules are arranged in such a way that the aromatic rings are in a planar conformation, with the alkyl­amide side chains in a different plane, at a dihedral angle of 108.60 (6)°. The alkyl­amide chains are interconnected by hydrogen bonds, constituting an infinite array.
Design Trade-offs in Threshold Implementations (2019)

With the expansion of the IoT and the emergence of vast amounts of remote hardware devices side-channel attacks pose a serious threat, requiring adequate protection. Among the hardware countermeasures, Threshold Implementations (TI) is one of the most used ones. It is designed to avoid the leakage of sensitive data from hardware designs. In this work, we examine the cost of applying TI to the block cipher PRINCE with respect to the latency, power/energy consumption, occupied area. We explore different versions of TI with respect to the security order and TI variations, and compare the strengths and weaknesses of each approach.