gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Error-reduction techniques and error analysis for fully phase- and amplitude-based encryption (2000)

The performance of fully phase- and amplitude-based encryption processors is analyzed. The effects of noise perturbations on the encrypted information are considered. A thresholding method of decryption that further reduces the mean-squared error (MSE) for the fully phase- and amplitude-based encryption processes is provided. The proposed thresholding scheme significantly improves the performance of fully phase- and amplitude-based encryption, as measured by the MSE metric. We obtain analytical MSE bounds when thresholding is used for both decryption methods, and we also present computer-simulation results. These results show that the fully phase-based method is more robust. We also give a formal proof of a conjecture about the decrypted distribution of distorted encrypted information. This allows the analytical bounds of the MSE to be extended to more general non-Gaussian, nonadditive, nonstationary distortions. Computer simulations support this extension.
Urinary Clusterin in Chronic Nephrotoxicity in the Rat (1993)

The excretion of clusterin was compared with that of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) in rats given gentamicin daily for 2 months to determine whether clusterin excretion stays elevated after NAG excretion falls during chronic gentamicin administration. Clusterin was measured by radioimmunoassay and NAG by the hydrolysis of 4-methylumbelliferyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide. Gentamicin at 110 mg/kg was given daily for 44 days and thereafter, at 90 mg/kg daily. The excretion rate of both proteins rose rapidly, peaked, and then declined; however, the clusterin values stayed significantly above control values for the entire study, whereas NAG values were close to normal during the last 10 days, even though tubulointerstitial disease was active at that time. For this reason, the further evaluation of clusterin as a marker of renal tubular cell injury or death is warranted.
Moderator's view: Higher serum bicarbonate in dialysis patients is protective (2016)

Several observational studies have reported an association between higher serum bicarbonate level and high mortality risk in dialysis patients. However, in such studies mere discovery of associations does not allow one to infer causal relationships. This association may be related to inadequate dietary protein intake that may lead to less acid generation and hence a higher serum bicarbonate level. Since undernutrition is a strong predictor of death in hemodialysis patients, the observed association may be an epiphenomenon and not a biologically plausible relationship. Higher protein and fluid intake between two subsequent hemodialysis treatments may lead to lower serum bicarbonate level. This low bicarbonate level may appear protective, as patients with higher food intake and better appetite generally exhibit greater survival. In the contemporary three-stream proportioning system of hemodialysis treatment, the bicarbonate concentrate is separate from the acid concentrate, and the contribution of the acid concentrate organic acid (acetate, citrate or diacetate) to the delivered bicarbonate pool of the patient is negligible. The concept of 'total buffer' that assumes that the combination of bicarbonate and acetate concentrations in the dialysate are added equally as bicarbonate equivalents is likely wrong and based on the misleading notion that the acetate of the acid concentrate is fully metabolized to bicarbonate in the dialysate. Given these uncertainties it is prudent to avoid excessively high or low bicarbonate levels in dialysis patients.
Molecular recognition in Mn-catalyzed C–H oxidation. Reaction mechanism and origin of selectivity from a DFT perspective (2009)

Experimental studies have shown that the C-H oxidation of Ibuprofen and methylcyclohexane acetic acid can be carried out with high selectivities using [(terpy')Mn(OH(2))(mu-O)(2)Mn(OH(2))(terpy')](3+) as catalyst, where terpy' is a terpyridine ligand functionalized with a phenylene linker and a Kemp's triacid serving to recognize the reactant via H-bonding. Experiments, described here, suggest that the sulfate counter anion, present in stoichiometric amounts, coordinates to manganese in place of water. DFT calculations have been carried out using [(terpy')Mn(O)(mu-O)(2)Mn(SO(4))(terpy')](+) as a model catalyst, to analyze the origin of selectivity and its relation to molecular recognition, as well as the mechanism of catalyst inhibition by tert-butyl benzoic acid. The calculations show that a number of spin states, all having radical oxygen character, are energetically accessible. All these spin states promote C-H oxidation via a rebound mechanism. The catalyst recognizes the substrate by a double H bond. This interaction orients the substrate inducing highly selective C-H oxidation. The double hydrogen bond stabilizes the reactant, the transition state and the product to the same extent. Consequently, the reaction occurs at lower energy than without molecular recognition. The association of the catalyst with tert-butyl benzoic acid is shown to shield the access of unbound substrate to the reactive oxo site, hence preventing non-selective hydroxylation. It is shown that the two recognition sites of the catalyst can be used in a cooperative manner to control the access to the reactive centre.
Speckle Reduction in Holography with a Spatially Incoherent Source (1975)

High quality holograms of flat objects are produced by developing an achromatic-fringe system that consists of a monochromatic but spatially incoherent source, a holographic beam splitting device, and a pair of Fourier transform lenses. The effects of using an incoherent extended source and the transfer characteristics of the holograms are discussed. Emphasis is also placed on the advantages of developing lens Fourier transform holography along with the practical lens systems. A further possible extension of the system to attain high storage density as well as high quality holograms is proposed by making use of a new type of pseudorandom phase sequence.
Recent Advances in Computational Design of Organic Materials for Corrosion Protection of Steel in Aqueous Media (2014)

Recent Advances in Computational Design of Organic Materials for Corrosion Protection of Steel in Aqueous Media
L‐lysine 14C et L‐histidine 14C Séparation chromatographique préparative sur papier (1966)

Abstract On a examiné de façon critique les possibilités de séparation de la lysine 14 C et de L'histidine 14 C par chromatographie préparative sur papier ou sur couches minces, avec les solvants usuels. On décrit une technique plus satisfaisante que les méthodes antérieures, qui comporte une chromatographie sur papier Whatman 3 dans le solvant pyridine/n.butanol/eau/ammoniaque 14 N (5/3/3/1). 30 mg de chacun de ces deux amino‐acides peuvent ětre séparés.
Metal Residues in Semiconducting Polymers: Impact on the Performance of Organic Electronic Devices (2014)

The effect of impurities on the optoelectronic and charge transport properties of semiconducting polymers was investigated through the performance of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) and organic field effect transistors (OFETs), respectively. A model representative semiconducting polymer, i.e., poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), was synthesized and purified using different methods such as precipitation, metals' complexation, and Soxhlet extraction. After the purification processes, each fraction was analyzed to determine its composition in metals (impurities) by various techniques. OFETs and OPVs fabricated from these purified polymer fractions were found to show different charge carrier properties and photovoltaic behaviors. The purest fraction which was obtained after Soxhlet extraction complemented by metals' complexation with the help of ethylenediamine and 15-crown-5 ether showed the best performance in both OPVs and OFETs.
Immunohistological analysis of cytokine expression in human osteoarthritic and healthy cartilage. (1999)

The most relevant cytokines known to be involved in cartilage metabolism are produced by chondrocytes themselves. They are upregulated in OA cartilage, suggesting that they serve some regulatory function and could be a target for future treatment.
The Tree Model for Hashing: Lower and Upper Bounds (1996)

We define a new simple and general model for hashing. The basic model together with several variants capture many natural (sequential and parallel) hashing algorithms and represent common hashing practice. Our main results exhibit tight tradeoffs between hash-table size and the number of applications of a hash function on a single key.
BREAKUP OF DROPLETS OF NEWTONIAN AND NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS (1996)

High-speed photography and impaction cards have been used to enhance knowledge of the manner in which droplets of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids break up in a high-speed jet of air. The photographs show that breakup was initiated for both types of fluid by the formation of waves on the surface of droplets exposed to the air stream, with frequency which depended on the velocity of the air jet, and with bags in the low-velocity regions behind the droplet and downstream of the peaks of the wave. The waves were subsequently stripped to form ligaments, initially joined by bags to form a web of ligaments and later separated into two parts as their central regions stretched, and droplets were formed within a distance of 20 diameters of the original droplet. The non-Newtonian fluids have been categorized in terms of critical speed of breakup which increased with the addition of a copolymer to a critical velocity of 540 m/s. It is likely that higher concentrations of the copolymers than those examined here will lead to higher critical velocities. Additional experiments established that initial droplet diameters from 2 to 4 mm and the height from which the droplet fell into the air stream, 20 mm to 1 m, had little effect on the critical speed.
<i>rd1 </i>Mouse Retina Shows Imbalance in Cellular Distribution and Levels of TIMP-1/MMP-9, TIMP-2/MMP-2 and Sulfated Glycosaminoglycans (2005)

MMP-9/MMP-2 and TIMP-1/TIMP-2 are associated with IPM, possibly after secretion by retinal pigmented epithelial cells. In degenerating rd1 retina, MMP-2/TIMP-2 are associated with the Muller cell fibers, which apparently play a central role in modifying the balance between MMPs and TIMPs. Elevated sGAG and proteolysis due to an imbalance in the levels of TIMPs and active MMP-9/MMP-2 in rd1 retina possibly contribute to retinal degeneration in the rd1 mouse.
ILT for double exposure lithography with conventional and novel materials (2007)

Multiple paths exists to provide lithography solutions pursuant to Moore's Law for next 3-5 generations of technology, yet each of those paths inevitably leads to solutions eventually requiring patterning at <i>k</i><sub>1</sub> < 0.30 and below. In this article, we explore double exposure single development lithography for <i>k</i><sub>1</sub> &#8805; 0.25 (using conventional resist) and <i>k</i>1 < 0.25 (using new out-of-sight out-of-mind materials). For the case of <i>k</i><sub>1</sub> &#8805; 0.25, we propose a novel double exposure inverse lithography technique (ILT) to split the pattern. Our algorithm is based on our earlier proposed single exposure ILT framework, and works by decomposing the aerial image (instead of the target pattern) into two parts. It also resolves the phase conflicts automatically as part of the decomposition, and the combined aerial image obtained using the estimated masks has a superior contrast. For the case of <i>k</i><sub>1</sub> < 0.25, we focus on analyzing the use of various dual patterning techniques enabled by the use of hypothetic materials with properties that allow for the violation of the linear superposition of intensities from the two exposures. We investigate the possible use of two materials: contrast enhancement layer (CEL) and two-photon absorption resists. We propose a mathematical model for CEL, define its characteristic properties, and derive fundamental bounds on the improvement in image log-slope. Simulation results demonstrate that double exposure single development lithography using CEL enables printing 80nm gratings using dry lithography. We also combine ILT, CEL, and DEL to synthesize 2-D patterns with <i>k</i><sub>1</sub> = 0.185. Finally, we discuss the viability of two-photon absorption resists for double exposure lithography.
Modification of the Zonal Elution Method for Detection of Transient Protein–Protein Interactions Involving Ligand Exchange (2012)

A new affinity chromatography method was developed by modifying a zonal elution method. The new method targets transient protein-protein interactions, such as those encountered during direct ligand transfer between the ligand transporter and its cognate receptor. A ligand-loaded transport protein is immobilized on the solid support, and a plug containing a putative receptor is flowed through the column. Elution profiles of proteins not interacting with the immobilized transporter can be approximated with a simple Gaussian curve, while the elution profiles of cognate receptors show significant delay and exhibit complex shape. Ligand transfer from the immobilized transporter molecules to the receptors is verified by both UV absorbance measurements and mass spectrometry. The sensitivity of the method is demonstrated using retinoic acid (RA) transfer from various isoforms of cellular RA binding proteins (CRABPs) and RA receptor γ (RARγ). Although these interactions have been hypothesized long ago to proceed via direct mechanism (i.e., via transient docking of the receptor and the transporter), the existing biophysical techniques failed to detect the presence of the transporter-receptor complexes. However, the modified zonal elution method provides unequivocal evidence of direct interaction between RARγ and one of the CRABP isoforms (CRABP II) during the ligand transfer to the receptor.
Standardized Protocols from the Caenorhabditis Intervention Testing Program 2013-2016: Conditions and Assays used for Quantifying the Development, Fertility and Lifespan of Hermaphroditic Caenorhabditis Strains (2017)

The Caenorhabditis Intervention Testing Program \(CITP) seeks to identify compounds that robustly improve lifespan and/or attenuate age-dependent declines in health across a genetically diverse set of Caenorhabditis species and strains. A core mission of the CITP is to collect data that will inform on the reproducibility of our experimental results. To achieve this, multiple replicates of each experiment are performed by each of three groups at separate laboratory sites. In an effort to limit non-biological confounding factors that may in uence the reproducibility of these results, we sought to minimize differences in experimental conditions across the individual laboratories. This led to the development and utilization of a set of standardized protocols that describe speci c methods for nematode maintenance and culture as well as detailed experimental procedures. All laboratories of the CITP are tasked with strict adherence to protocols. Here we provide several protocols that describe the CITP standard operating practices for bacterial cultures, media preparation and strain handing as well as assays for quantifying the development rate, fertility and lifespan of hermaphroditic Caenorhabditis strains. Individual components of these methods were not tested for their effects on outcomes and are not suggested to be best practices. However our consideration of the methodological variability available for even these simple assays does highlight the potential for differences in methodology to in uence experimental reproducibility.
One-year and three-year mortality prediction in adult major blunt trauma survivors: a National Retrospective Cohort Analysis (2018)

Adult survivors of major blunt trauma can be risk-stratified at discharge for long-term support.
Power and transmission duration control in un-slotted cognitive radio networks (2014)

We consider an unslotted primary channel with alternating on/off activity and provide a solution to the problem of finding the optimal secondary transmission power and duration given some sensing outcome. The goal is to maximize a weighted sum of the primary and secondary throughput where the weight is determined by the degree of protection and the minimum rate required by the primary terminals. The primary transmitter sends at a fixed power and a fixed rate. Its on/off durations follow an exponential distribution. Two sensing schemes are considered: perfect sensing in which the actual state of the primary channel is revealed, and soft sensing in which the secondary transmission power and time are determined based on the sensing metric directly. We use an upperbound for the secondary throughput assuming that the secondary receiver tracks the instantaneous secondary channel state information. The objective function is non-convex and, hence, the optimal solution is obtained via exhaustive search. Our results show that an increase in the overall weighted throughput can be obtained by allowing the secondary to transmit even when the channel is found to be busy. For the examined system parameter values, the throughput gain from soft sensing is marginal. Further investigation is needed for assessing the potential of soft sensing.
Exchange-correlation functional with broad accuracy for metallic and nonmetallic compounds, kinetics, and noncovalent interactions (2005)

By incorporating kinetic-energy density in a balanced way in the exchange and correlational functionals and removing self-correlation effects, we have designed a density functional that is broadly applicable to organometallic, inorganometallic, and nonmetallic bonding, thermochemistry, thermochemical kinetics, and noncovalent interactions as well as satisfying the uniform electron gas limit. The average error is reduced by a factor of 1.3 compared with the best previously available functionals, but even more significantly, we find a functional that has a high accuracy for all four categories of interaction.
Automating distributed workflow for electronic commerce: A model for building meta-workflow components (1999)

Business software development environments for web- based applications are at a very early stage in their potential lifecycle. The purpose of this research agenda is to develop a model for how business processes can be interpreted into primitive computer codes for web applications. We have taken a transaction perspective adapted from the distributed database approach to maintenance of integrity assuming the concepts of ACIDity (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability) and serializability. This perspective is consistent with emerging literature on âworkflow agentsâ [e.g., Huhns and Singh, 1998]. In this paper, we design, develop, and show an example of a meta-level set of building blocks for a direct mapping between electronic commerce and workflow processes. To validate the sufficiency and completeness of the meta-level components proposed, a complete mapping of an electronic commerce application to meta-workflow components is proposed.
Seleção de rizobactérias para promoção do crescimento de olericolas em bandejas (2012)

Pseudomonas fluorescentes sao rizobacterias que podem incrementar a producao de olericolas porque estimulam o crescimento de plantas, acelerando a obtencao de mudas mais sadias e vigorosas. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a eficiencia de tres estirpes de P. putida (C1133, C3113 e C317) quanto a capacidade de promover o crescimento de duas olericolas folhosas. A parcela experimental consistiu de bandeja de poliestireno (40 celulas) contendo substrato a base de vermicomposto com mudas de alface (Lactuca sativa cv. Regina de Verao) e de chicoria (Cichorium endivia cv.Escarola Lisa) que foram regadas aos dez dias apos a semeadura (DAS) com 100 mL de suspensao bacteriana em agua (109 UFC mL-1). O tratamento-controle recebeu igual volume de agua destilada e esterilizada. O experimento foi conduzido em condicoes de casa de vegetacao, em blocos casualizados, com cinco repeticoes. Foram realizadas coletas aos 20 e 25 DAS e avaliou-se a biomassa seca da parte aerea e sistema radicular. Das estirpes avaliadas, C3113 proporcionou aumento medio de 80% e 20% da biomassa seca das raizes de alface e de chicoria, respectivamente, aos 25 DAS. A estirpe C317 nao promoveu o crescimento da alface, mas proporcionou aumento de 40% da biomassa seca das raizes de chicoria. A estipe C1133 nao proporcionou efeito positivo sobre o crescimento das olericolas avaliadas. As estirpes C3113 e C317 detem potencial para integrar inoculantes para mudas de olericolas e serao avaliadas consorciadas.
Experimental Verification of Optimal Actuator Location and Configuration Based on Actuator Power Factor (1995)

The actuator power factor is defined as the ratio of the total dissipative mechanical power of a PZT actuator to the total supplied electrical power to the PZT actuator. If measured experimentally, it can be used to optimize the actuator location and configuration for complex structures. The concept of actuator power factor is based on the ability of an integrated induced strain actuator such as a PZT to transfer supplied electrical energy into structural mechanical energy. For a given structure such as a beam or a plate, the location and configuration of an actuator will directly influence the authority of the actuator towards driving the structure. Presented in this paper are the experimental as well as the theoretical results for the case of a cantilever beam as a proof-of-concept of this technique. The design of a fixture which allows for the relocation of a PZT patch which can be used for both actuation and sensing is presented as well. For the experimental case, the electromechanical PZT admittance was measured by an HP 4194A impedance analyzer for the power factor analysis. The experimental and the theoretical power factor results were subsequently compared and showed good qualitative similarities over the frequency range analyzed. This initial comparison between the experimental and the theoretical power factor results will be used to analyze the capabilities and limitations of the actuator power factor algorithm as a tool for determining the optimal configuration and location for a PZT actuator for simple as well as complex structural vibration control applications.
High dose ondansetron for reducing motion sickness in highly susceptible subjects. (2007)

Neither ondansetron or dimenhydrinate prevented motion sickness in groups of highly susceptible people. Continued development of new treatments is necessary.
Randomized, phase II trial of sequential hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy and sorafenib versus sorafenib alone as initial therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: SCOOP-2 trial (2019)

UMIN ID 000006147 , registration data: August 11, 2011.
Scalable crowd-sourcing of video from mobile devices (2013)

We propose a scalable Internet system for continuous collection of crowd-sourced video from devices such as Google Glass. Our hybrid cloud architecture, GigaSight, is effectively a Content Delivery Network (CDN) in reverse. It achieves scalability by decentralizing the collection infrastructure using cloudlets based on virtual machines~(VMs). Based on time, location, and content, privacy sensitive information is automatically removed from the video. This process, which we refer to as denaturing, is executed in a user-specific VM on the cloudlet. Users can perform content-based searches on the total catalog of denatured videos. Our experiments reveal the bottlenecks for video upload, denaturing, indexing, and content-based search. They also provide insight on how parameters such as frame rate and resolution impact scalability.