gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Case studies in severe psoriasis: A clinical strategy (2003)

Individuals with moderate-to-severe psoriasis perceive that the disease exerts profound emotional, social and physical effects on their lives, and a significant percentage report that they do not consider their treatment sufficiently aggressive. A survey of individuals with a variety of chronic diseases reveals that those with psoriasis have the lowest estimation of their health-related quality of life, lower than that of patients with arthritis, congestive heart failure, chronic lung disease or depression. Although psoriasis can be treated effectively, many treatments are associated with long-term risks. Toxicity-sparing treatment strategies that include combination, rotational and sequential regimens can help to control moderate-to-severe psoriasis while reducing risk. Algorithms for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis detail possible options for specific types of psoriasis and for patients with specific needs. The purpose of the algorithms is to make optimum use of phototherapy, traditional cytotoxic and immunosuppressive agents, retinoids, and newer biologic agents.
Salvage rotator cuff repair using a biotenodesis screw (2005)

Rotator cuff tear fixation can be difficult when humeral head bone stock is poor as a result of osteopenia or osteoporosis. This technical note describes biotenodesis screw use to achieve effective fixation after 2 previous attempts at implanting suture anchors failed.
A centrality-based heuristic for network design to support availability differentiation (2020)

In today's society, communication networks are of paramount importance, and providing adequate levels of availability of the resources in a cost effective way is crucial for network managers. We consider the design of a high availability structure (a spine) in the network, so that a desired availability for the network flows may be achieved. The tackled problem involves the selection of the edges forming the spine and the selection of the enhanced availability for each of those edges, aiming at fulfilling a prespecified availability value for each flow, at minimum cost. We solve the formulated Mixed Integer Linear Problem (MILP) for small networks, which allows us to identify some characteristics of the spanning tree formed by the set of links with upgraded availability. Afterwards, using that information, we propose a heuristic based on a centrality measure, which allows us to devise the appropriate set of links, and which may be used in larger networks. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the resolution approach in finding spines equal to the optimal ones or to the best known solutions.
Aerosolised fluorescein can quantify FFP mask faceseal leakage: a cost-effective adaptation to the existing point of care fit test (2021)

Fluorescein is detectable and sensitive at identifying FFP mask leaks. These low-cost adaptations can enhance exiting fit testing to determine 'pass' and 'fail' groups, protecting those who 'passed' the taste test but have high fluorescein leak, and reassuring those who 'failed' the taste test despite having little fluorescein leak.
Application of Ultrasonic Guided Waves for Evaluating Aging Wire Insulation (2005)

Since its founding, NASA has been dedicated to the advancement of aeronautics and space science. The NASA Scientific and Technical Information (STI) Program Office plays a key part in helping NASA maintain this important role. The NASA STI Program Office is operated by Langley Research Center, the lead center for NASA’s scientific and technical information. The NASA STI Program Office provides access to the NASA STI Database, the largest collection of aeronautical and space science STI in the world. The Program Office is also NASA’s institutional mechanism for disseminating the results of its research and development activities. These results are published by
Oilseed protein concentrates and isolates (1971)

Abstract Much attention has been focused on the oilseed crops as an alternate and largely untapped source of food protein in an endeavor to provide needed nourishment for large segments of the world's expanding population. A significant part of this attention has been devoted to the practical concentration and isolation of the proteins of several oilseeds. As a result of intensive effort during the last decade, soy protein concentrates and isolates are now commercial commodities which are gaining increasing acceptance as useful functional and nutritional ingredients for food. This report is concerned with a brief review of the commercial processing, product characteristics and food utilization of soy protein concentrates and isolates. In addition, pertinent comments on the concentrates and isolates of other oilseed are included.
Dual-Band Antenna With Pattern/Polarization Diversity For 2.4/5-GHz WLAN Applications (2022)

A low-profile dual-band antenna with polarization/pattern diversity is proposed for 2.4/5-GHz wireless local area network (WLAN) applications. The lower-band element is composed of four shorted patches, which are excited in-phase and equal magnitude to generate omnidirectional radiation pattern with vertical polarization. The higher-band element is a differential-fed circular patch encompassed by eight mushroom-type structures to generate a wideband broadside dual-polarized radiation. The internal corners of the lower-band patches are truncated to embed the higher-band element without any overlap, and consequently, achieve a compact size. The final design with overall size of 0.57λ2.4-GHz× 0.57λ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2.4-GHz</inf> × 0.03λ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2.4-GHz</inf> yields a 10-dB return-loss bandwidth of 70/1050 MHz and realized gain of 0.39/9.9 dBi at 2.4/5-GHz WLAN bands, respectively. Also, the antenna achieves an isolation of ≥30 dB through both lower- and upper-bands.
Editing at the Crossroad of Innate and Adaptive Immunity (2005)

Genetic information can be altered through the enzymatic modification of nucleotide sequences. This process, known as editing, was originally identified in the mitochondrial RNA of trypanosomes and later found to condition events as diverse as neurotransmission and lipid metabolism in mammals. Recent evidence reveals that editing enzymes may fulfill one of their most essential roles in the defense against infectious agents: first, as the mediators of antibody diversification, a step crucial for building adaptive immunity, and second, as potent intracellular poisons for the replication of viruses. Exciting questions are raised, which take us to the depth of the intimate relations between vertebrates and the microbial underworld.
Cutibacterium acnes Prosthetic Joint Infections: Is Rifampicin-Combination Therapy Beneficial? (2022)

No consensus has been reached on the optimal antibiotic regimen to treat <i>Cutibacterium acnes</i> PJIs (Ca-PJIs). In vitro studies showed excellent rifampicin efficacy against biofilm-associated <i>C. acnes</i> infections, but clinical studies did not confirm the superiority of rifampicin-combined therapy over monotherapy. This prospective cohort study was undertaken to analyze the outcomes of 70 patients who underwent exchange arthroplasty for chronic monomicrobial Ca-PJI and were treated with rifampicin or without between 2004 and 2019. The 37 patients treated from January 2004 to August 2014 were prescribed rifampicin-combination therapy and the 33 treated from September 2014 to December 2019 received monotherapy without rifampicin. The primary endpoint was the 2-year Kaplan-Meier-estimated reinfection-free probability, including relapses and new-pathogen PJIs. The 2-year reinfection-free rate was high and not different for patients who had received rifampicin or not (89.2% vs. 93.8%, respectively; <i>p</i> = 0.524). None of the patients relapsed and six developed new-pathogen PJIs. Our results do not support a benefit of rifampicin-combination therapy for patients who underwent exchange arthroplasty for chronic Ca-PJIs.
Behavioral synthesis of area-efficient testable designs using interaction between hardware sharing and partial scan (1995)

We introduce BETS, a behavioral test synthesis system, for the synthesis of high-throughput, area-efficient testable designs. While hardware sharing is a powerful technique to achieve area efficiency, it may adversely affect the testability of the synthesized design by introducing new loops. Besides CDFG loops, hardware sharing introduces three other types of loops: assignment loops, sequential false loops, and register files cliques. We provide a comprehensive analysis and a formal grammar characterization of the sources of loops in the data path during behavioral synthesis. Partial scan is a cost-effective technique for sequential circuit testing. Hardware sharing of scan registers can be used to minimize the number of scan registers required to synthesize data paths with minimal number of loops. The scan registers can be shared amongst several variables of the CDFG, to break not only the loops in the CDFG, but also the very loops introduced in the data path by hardware sharing. A new random walk based algorithm is proposed to break all CDFG loops using a minimal number of scan registers. The subsequent scheduling and assignment phase avoids formation of loops in the data path by reusing the scan registers, while ensuring high resource utilization. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the new technique to synthesize easily testable data paths, with nominal hardware overhead, while maintaining the performance of the designs. The partial scan overhead incurred by the technique is significantly less than that of a gate-level partial scan approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Standard cell sizing for subthreshold operation (2012)

Process variability severely impacts the performance of circuits operating in the subthreshold domain. Among other reasons, this mainly stems from the fact that subthreshold current follows a widely spread Log-Normal distribution. In this paper we introduce a new transistor sizing methodology for standard cells. Our premise relies on balancing the N and P network currents based on statistical formulations. Our approach renders more robust cells. We observe up to 57% better performance and 69% lower energy consumption on a set of ISCAS circuits when they are synthesized with our library as opposed to a commercial library in a CMOS 90nm technology.
DCAN-Labs/abcd-hcp-pipeline: v0.0.1: Singularity hotfix (2019)

this allows use of singularity containers, with appropriate new steps in the documentation tested against the latest version of Singularity, v3.1.0
Critical periods and the developmental origins of disease: an epigenetic perspective of schizophrenia (2010)

Epigenetics holds promise to explain some puzzles concerning the risk and course of psychiatric disorders. Epigenetic information is essential as a set of operating instructions for the genome, which is heritable with DNA. The epigenetic regulation of gene expression can plausibly be influenced by the environment of one's ancestors, prenatal exposures, and by early life events. Some epigenetic mechanisms may alter neurophysiology throughout life by programming gene expression, perhaps in anticipation of certain life experiences. These epigenetic signals are only meta-stable and may be perturbed by stochastic events, errors, or by environmental toxins. This introduction considers the possibility that epigenetic change that may occur as paternal age advances or during fetal adversity may be causally related to the susceptibility for schizophrenia.
A new PET imaging agent for monitoring HER2 status using Trastuzumab antibody conjugated with a novel 89 Zr-chelator. (2019)

1009 Objectives: HER2 overexpression on the surface of breast cancer cells correlate with a poor prognosis. The development of molecular imaging tracers targeting HER2 and their application in the clinic to improve characterization of breast cancer has been a long sought after objective. Hence, we designed a new PET imaging agent for whole-body PET imaging for monitoring HER2 status using Trastuzumab (Tmab) antibody conjugated with a novel bifunctional chelator with 4 N-hydroxy-N-methyl succinamide pendant arms (HMSA) for complexing 89Zr. We investigated the potential of 89Zr-HMSA-Tmab to visualize human breast tumors by small animal PET imaging. A comparative study with 89Zr-labeled Tmab conjugated with the current standard desferrioxamine (DFO) was performed.
 Methods: Commercially available p-isothiocyanatobenzyl-DFO and HMSA, synthesized in house, were conjugated to Tmab surface lysines using standard procedures. Labeling was achieved using neutralized 89Zr-oxalate (pH 7.0) mixed with 0.5 M HEPES (pH 7.4) and DFO- or HMSA-Tmab in sodium acetate (pH 5.5) was added and incubated at room temperature for 1 h with a final pH at 7.0. Purification of the radiolabeled conjugates was performed by centrifugal filtration. The chelator:antibody ratio was determined by isotopic dilution. In vitro and ex vivo stabilities were evaluated using ITLC, SDS-PAGE, and a turbidity assay. In cellulo characterization was accomplished by incubating JIMT-1 (low HER2+ expression, Tmab-resistant) breast cancer cell line with the 89Zr-Tmab conjugates. PET imaging was performed in NOD/SCID mice (n≥8 per group) implanted with JIMT-1 orthotopic tumors. Mice were injected with 3mg/kg (2.0 ± 1.0 MBq) of the 89Zr-Tmab conjugates when tumors reached a volume of 30 mm3. Imaging was performed on day 72 h and 144 h post injection.
 Results: 89Zr-HMSA-Tmab had 5-fold increase of molar activity and superior solubility (low aggregation) compared to 89Zr-DFO-Tmab. Radiochemical purities (95%) and chelator:antibody ratios were similar for both conjugates. In addition, 89Zr-HMSA-Tmab had increased stability in vitro and ex vivo. In cellulo characterization showed an increase in 89Zr-HMSA-Tmab internalization and cellular accumulation. PET imaging and biodistribution demonstrated that both 89Zr-HMSA-Tmab and 89Zr-DFO-Tmab accumulate similarly in JIMT-1 orthotopic tumors and had similar biodistribution profile.
Conclusion: Stability and solubility are significant components of a clinically successful radiolabeled conjugate. 89Zr-HMSA-Tmab had similar tumor targeting properties compared to 89Zr-DFO-Tmab. Therefore, HMSA is a novel chelator that has important advantages over DFO. Our data suggest that HMSA could be used advantageously to develop other antibody conjugates for PET imaging.
Research Support: Cancer Research Society and Sherbrooke Molecular Imaging Centre
Layer-by-layer growth of sodium chloride overlayers on an Fe(001)-p(1 × 1)O surface (2012)

Ultra-thin NaCl films epitaxially grown on an Fe(001)-p(1 × 1)O surface have been investigated in ultra-high vacuum by non-contact atomic force microscopy and low energy electron diffraction. It has been found that at temperatures below 145 °C NaCl initially grows as monoatomic thick islands on substrate terraces, while at temperatures above 175 °C biatomic thick islands are also formed at substrate step edges. Both types of islands have the same Fe(001)-O[100] [parallel] NaCl(001)[110] orientation, leading to a (4 × 4) superstructure, where the NaCl unit cell is oriented at 45° with respect to the substrate. Interestingly, no c(2 × 2) superstructure with the NaCl unit cell oriented at 0° has been observed. The oxygen on the iron surface promotes layer-by-layer growth, resulting in atomically flat films with 40-60 nm wide terraces at coverages ranging from 0.75 to 12 ML. Such NaCl films are of much higher quality than MgO films grown on Fe(001) and Fe(001)-p(1 × 1)O surfaces and represent a unique epitaxial system of an alkali halide on a pure metallic substrate. The reduced number of defects and the layer-by-layer mode of growth make this system very attractive for applications where an atomically defined tunnel barrier is required to control the properties of a device.
Hybrid Techniques Applied to Optimization Problems (1899)

A function dependent on the solution of a set of dif ferential equations containing adjustable parameters, can be minimized by systematic search procedures in parameter space. Such procedures can be imple mented by a hybrid system consisting of a general purpose analog computer and a digital expansion providing parallel logic building blocks. Program ming of such a system is illustrated for a simple search procedure in n parameters.
Kampo Therapies and the Use of Herbal Medicines in the Dentistry in Japan (2019)

Dental caries and periodontal disease are two major diseases in the dentistry. As the society is aging, their pathological meaning has been changing. An increasing number of patients are displaying symptoms of systemic disease and so we need to pay more attention to immunologic aggression in our medical treatment. For this reason, we focused on natural products. Kampo consists of natural herbs-roots and barks-and has more than 3000 years of history. It was originated in China as traditional medicine and introduced to Japan. Over the years, Kampo medicine in Japan has been formulated in a way to suit Japan's natural features and ethnic characteristics. Based on this traditional Japanese Kampo medicine, we have manufactured a Kampo gargle and Mastic Gel dentifrice. In order to practically utilize the effectiveness of mastic, we have developed a dentifrice (product name: IMPLA CARE) and treated implant periodontitis and severe periodontitis.
Development of iron-based nanoparticles for Cr(VI) removal from drinking water (2012)

A great deal of research over recent decades has been motivated by the requirement to lower the concentration of chromium in drinking water. This study has been conducted to determine the feasibility of iron-based nanoparticles for chromium removal from contaminated water. Single Fe, Fe3O4 and binary Fe/Fe3O4 nanoparticles were grown at the 45-80 nm size range using the solar physical vapor deposition technique and tested as potential hexavalent chromium removing agents from aqueous solutions. Due to their higher electron donation ability compared to the Fe3O4 ones, single Fe nanoparticles exhibited the highest Cr(VI) removal capacity of more than 3 µg/mg while maintaining a residual concentration 50 µg/L, equal to the regulation limit for drinking water. In combination to their facile and fast magnetic separation, the applicability of the studied particles in water treatment facilities should be considered.
Modulation for Digital Radio Broadcasting Using Amplitude Autocorrelation of Pseudo Random Noise Codes to Carry Information (2013)

The frequency bands used in mobile communications are allocated according to the type of application. With the need for more channels, the frequency spectrum has become a scarce natural resource. This study shows the results of a proposed modulation using a variation of the autocorrelation of pseudo-random codes to carry information. The work also presents the generation of multiple orthogonal axes to increase the bit rate thus improving the channel efficiency.
Deep level transient spectroscopy study of GaAs surface states treated with inorganic sulfides (1988)

Surface states of liquid-encapsulated Czochralski and molecular beam epitaxy grown n-type GaAs samples coated with Na2S and (NH4)2S films are studied with deep level transient spectroscopy measurements employing metal-insulator-semiconductor structures. Two deep levels at 0.58 and 1.15 eV below the conduction-band edge are found in the as-grown samples. The Ec−0.58 eV deep level is found to be greatly reduced after sulfide treatment, while the Ec−1.15 eV deep level remains with a very high density. The surface Fermi level is shifted deeper into the energy band gap toward the Ec−1.15 eV deep level after surface treatment. This new, deeper pinning position is believed to be the cause of the greatly enhanced photoluminescence intensity recently reported. This new pinning position is deeper than some of the recently reported sodium sulfide/GaAs results but consistent with the high Schottky barrier height, 1.15 eV measured for the gallium-rich GaAs surface.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as a Novel Strategy for the Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration (2022)

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has been reported to be the most prevalent contributor to low back pain, posing a significant strain on the healthcare systems on a global scale. Currently, there are no approved therapies available for the prevention of the progressive degeneration of intervertebral disc (IVD); however, emerging regenerative strategies that aim to restore the normal structure of the disc have been fundamentally promising. In the last decade, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have received a significant deal of interest for the treatment of IVDD due to their differentiation potential, immunoregulatory capabilities, and capability to be cultured and regulated in a favorable environment. Recent investigations show that the pleiotropic impacts of MSCs are regulated by the production of soluble paracrine factors. Exosomes play an important role in regulating such effects. In this review, we have summarized the current treatments for disc degenerative diseases and their limitations and highlighted the therapeutic role and its underlying mechanism of MSC-derived exosomes in IVDD, as well as the possible future developments for exosomes.
Pili of Bordetella avium: expression, characterization, and role in in vitro adherence. (1987)

Electron microscopy revealed pili on all isolates of Bordetella avium and B. avium-like bacteria examined. Trypticase soy broth (TSB) and 2% peptone agar were the best media for promoting pilus expression. Cultures grown at 37 or 42 C had similar pilus production, whereas cultures grown at 18 C produced few or no pili. Pilus expression of the Art Vax strain was best when that strain was grown in TSB, but the strain yielded fewer pili than B. avium and B. avium-like isolates grown under the same cultural conditions. B. avium pili had a diameter of 2.0 nm, ranged in length from 370 nm to 1500 nm, and had a protein subunit molecular mass of about 13,100 daltons. Purified pili from B. avium did not hemagglutinate guinea pig erythrocytes, and a 1:20 dilution of hyperimmune antisera against B. avium pili did not block the hemagglutinating activity of whole-cell preparations of B. avium. In the indirect immunofluorescence test, B. avium isolates and the Art Vax strain adhered to the tracheal explants of turkeys, but B. avium-like isolates did not. Purified pili from B. avium adhered to the surface of the mucosal lining of the tracheal explants, and hyperimmune antisera against B. avium pili blocked the in vitro adherence of whole-cell preparations of B. avium. It was concluded that pili of B. avium are involved in the in vitro attachment of that bacterium to the mucosal surface of turkey tracheal explants.