gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Digital library information appliances (1998)

Article Digital library information appliances Share on Authors: Bill N. Schilit FX Palo Alto Laboratory, 3400 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA FX Palo Alto Laboratory, 3400 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CAView Profile , Morgan N. Price FX Palo Alto Laboratory, 3400 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA FX Palo Alto Laboratory, 3400 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CAView Profile , Gene Golovchinsky FX Palo Alto Laboratory, 3400 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA FX Palo Alto Laboratory, 3400 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims DL '98: Proceedings of the third ACM conference on Digital librariesMay 1998 Pages 217–226https://doi.org/10.1145/276675.276700Online:11 May 1998Publication History 31citation1,048DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations31Total Downloads1,048Last 12 Months11Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
AN EXAMINATION OF MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE SURVIVAL BENEFIT CONFERRED BY INTESTINESPECIFIC OVEREXPRESSION OF INTERLEUKIN-10 (2006)

Background: We have shown that transgenic (TG) mice overexpressing IL-10 in the intestine have a significant survival advantage over their wildtype (WT) counterparts when challenged with cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The mechanism underlying this survival advantage is unknown. Objective: To determine mechanisms responsible for the survival advantage conferred by intestine-specific overexpression of IL- 10. Methods: Given the documented role of IL-10 on systemic inflammation, the gut, and the lungs, each was examined in detail in septic TG and WT mice. TG (n=13) and WT (n=14) mice were subjected to CLP with a 1 by 27 injury. The animals were sacrificed 24 hours later and intestines, lungs, serum, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were collected. The serum and BAL were spun down and assayed for cytokines IL-12, TNFa, IFN, MCP-1, IL-10, and IL-6 using cytometric bead analysis. Intestines and lungs were sectioned and stained by H&E. Intestines were assessed for epithelial apoptosis in 100 intact crypt-villus units while the lungs were assessed qualitatively. A piece of the intestine was also used to evaluate permeability utilizing the everted gut sac model. Results: IL-12 levels were lower (p <.05) in the serum of transgenic mice (5.1 +/− 0.5 vs. 6.7 +/− 0.5) with no significant differences in the other serum or BAL cytokines measured. There was no statistically significant disparity in intestinal apoptosis, and lung histology was unremarkable. Evaluation of clearance in the intestine revealed no significant difference in permeability. Conclusions: Intestinal production of IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, induces a minor downstream block of systemic IL-12 expression in septic animals but has no effect on other serum or BAL cytokines, gut permeability and apoptosis, and lung histology. The main mechanisms underlying the survival advantage conferred by intestinal overexpression of IL-10 remain to be determined.
MicroRNAs and respiratory diseases (2012)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of endogenous, small, noncoding RNA molecules that modulate physiological and pathological processes by post-transcriptional inhibition of gene expression. They were first recognised as regulators of development in worms and fruitflies. In recent years extensive research has explored their pivotal role in the pathogenesis of human diseases. Over 1,000 human miRNAs have been discovered to date; however, the biological function and protein targets for the majority remain to be uncovered. Within the respiratory system, miRNAs are important in normal pulmonary development and maintaining lung homeostasis. Recent studies have also begun to reveal that altered miRNA expression profiles may be associated with pathological processes within the lung and lead to the development of various pulmonary diseases, ranging from inflammatory diseases to lung cancers. Advancing our understanding of the role of miRNAs in the respiratory system will help provide new perspectives on disease mechanisms and reveal intriguing therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers for respiratory disorders.
Real-Time Optical Monitoring of Ligand-Mediated Internalization of α1b-Adrenoceptor with Green Fluorescent Protein (1998)

The study of G protein-coupled receptor signal transduction and behavior in living cells is technically difficult because of a lack of useful biological reagents. We show here that a fully functional alphalb-adrenoceptor tagged with the green fluorescent protein (alphalbAR/GFP) can be used to determine the molecular mechanism of intemalization of alphalbAR/ GFP in living cells. In mouse alphaT3 cells, alpha1bAR/GFP demonstrates strong, diffuse fluorescence along the plasma membrane when observed by confocal laser scanning microscope. The fluorescent receptor binds agonist and antagonist and stimulates phosphatidylinositol/Ca2+ signaling in a similar fashion to the wild receptor. In addition, alpha1bAR/ GFP can be internalized within minutes when exposed to agonist, and the subcellular redistribution of this receptor can be determined by measurement of endogenous fluorescence. The phospholipase C inhibitor U73,122, the protein kinase C activator PMA, and inhibitor staurosporine, and the Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin were used to examine the mechanism of agonist-promoted alphalbAR/GFP redistribution. Agonist-promoted internalization of alphalbAR/GFP was closely linked to phospholipase C activation and was dependent on protein kinase C activation, but was independent of the increase in intracellular free Ca2+ concentration. This study demonstrated that real-time optical monitoring of the subcellular localization of alphalbAR (as well as other G protein-coupled receptors) in living cells is feasible, and that this may provide a valuable system for further study of the biochemical mechanism(s) of agonist-induced receptor endocytosis.
<title>Printing systems for MEMS packaging</title> (2001)

Ink-jet printing technology is, in many ways, ideally suited for addressing a number of these MEMS device packaging challenges. The general advantages of this form of microdispensing derive from the incorporation of data-driven, non-contact processes which enable precise, picoliter-level volumes of material to be deposited with high accuracy and speed at target sites, even on non-planar surfaces. Being data-driven, microjet printing is a highly flexible and automated process which may readily be incorporated into manufacturing lines. It does not require application-specific tooling such as photomasks or screens, and, as an additive process with no chemical waste, it is environmentally friendly. In short, the advantages obtainable with incorporation of micro-jet printing technology in many fabrication applications range from increased process capability, integration and automation to reduced manufacturing costs.
Oxycyclopropanes in organochemical synthesis. Total syntheses of (-)-valeranone and (.+-.)-grandisol (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxycyclopropanes in organochemical synthesis. Total syntheses of (-)-valeranone and (.+-.)-grandisolErnest Wenkert, David A. Berges, and Norman F. GolobCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 4, 1263–1267Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00472a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00472a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views483Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dereplication of Saccharide and Polyol Constituents of Candidate Sweet‐tasting Plants: Isolation of the Sesquiterpene Glycoside Mukurozioside IIb as a Sweet Principle of Sapindus rarak (1997)

In the search for new potently sweet compounds from plants, the rapid identification and quantification of free sugars and polyols in a crude plant extract is important for dereplication purposes, wherein compounds of known structure or biological activity are removed from further consideration. Accordingly, plants found to have high levels of free sugars and polyols are regarded as lower priority leads when screening for novel natural sweeteners. In the present study, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to examine the sugar/polyol content of six sweet-tasting species, comprised of the pericarp of Dialium indum L. (Leguminosae), the stem of Drypetes floribunda Hutchinson (Euphorbiaceae), the fruit of Hymenaea oblongifolia Huber var. palustris (Ducke) Lee and Langenheim (Leguminosae), the rhizomes of Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauvois (Gramineae), the fruit of Manilkara zapota (L.) van Royen (Sapotaceae), and the pericarp of Sapindus rarak DC. (Sapindaceae). The total yields of sugars/polyols in these plant parts were 1.9, 6.1, 7.8, 4.5, 10.8 and 2.9% w/w, respectively. Several uncommon polyols were identified, including bornesitol in D. floribunda and quebrachitol in S. rarak. It is likely that the sweet taste of the plants containing more than 5% of sugars/polyols is imparted as a result of the high free sugar and/or polyol content. Owing to its low level of free sugars, S. rarak pericarp was chosen for further study, and the known sesquiterpene glycoside mukurozioside IIb (1) was isolated in high yield (6.3% w/w) as a sweet-tasting constituent. Preliminary evaluations, comprised of mouse acute toxicity and bacterial mutagenesis determinations, indicated the safety of 1. The compound was subsequently rated by a human taste panel as having about the same sweetness potency as sucrose. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
General Aspects of Reactor Safety (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Dynamic Stability of Reactors Parametric Sensitivity Sensitivity Towards Temperature: Reaction Number B Heat Balance The Semenov Criterion Stability Diagrams Heat Release Rate and Cooling Rate Using Dimensionless Criteria Chaos Theory and Lyapunov Exponents Reactor Safety After a Cooling Failure Potential of the Reaction, the Adiabatic Temperature Rise Temperature in Cases of Cooling Failure: The Concept of MTSR Example Example Reaction System References
Germanium on insulator (GOI) structure locally grown on silicon using hetero epitaxial lateral overgrowth (2013)

A CMOS compatible technique for fabricating germanium (Ge) on insulator (GOI) structure that is locally implemented on silicon (Si) substrate is demonstrated. On a (100) crystalline Si substrate, silicon dioxide (SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) is thermally grown. Then growth window for Ge is defined by locally etching down the SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> to reveal the Si surface. Ge is grown epitaxially with multiple steps of high temperature hydrogen (H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) annealing. After growing Ge crystals fill the growth window, the growth proceeds laterally and, finally coalesces with the neighbouring Ge growth window. Thus crystalline Ge sitting on SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> is achieved. Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is used to planarize the surface, and wet etching is done to control the GOI film thickness.
The biological role and potential therapeutic application of interleukin 7. (2006)

Interleukin (IL)-7 is a pleiotropic, non-redundant cytokine necessary for the development of B and T lymphocytes, in particular gammadelta T cell receptor-positive cell differentiation. The cytokine can function as a cofactor during myelopoiesis and the generation of cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells, can activate monocytes/macrophages, and support the survival of mature T cells. A role for IL-7 in promoting the formation of Peyer's patch anlage has also been demonstrated. IL-7 is constitutively expressed in the thymus, bone marrow stromal cells, epithelial and dendritic cells, keratinocytes, as well as in fetal and adult liver. IL-7 acts on various cells through its receptor (IL-7R), a heterodimer consisting of an alpha chain (CD127) that specifically binds IL-7 and a common gamma(c) chain (CD132) shared by other cytokine receptors. The receptor is expressed on bone marrow progenitor cells, lymphoid T and B precursors, and mature T cells. IL-7 activity towards murine endothelial cells has been recently described. The presence of IL-7R on human endothelial cells has also been demonstrated. Several therapeutic applications of recombinant IL-7 have been proposed. These have focused on the enhancement of lymphopoiesis, promotion of stem cell engraftment, and the anti-tumor activity of the cytokine.
Review of Reduced Gravity Boiling Heat Transfer : US Research (2003)

A brief review of recent low gravity boiling research by investigators based in the United States is performed. Topics covered include bubble dynamics, nucleate pool boiling and CHF, transition boiling, boiling of mixtures, electric
Effects of Infrared Radiation on Skin Photo-Aging and Pigmentation (2006)

Infrared radiation is increasingly and uncritically used for cosmetic and wellness purposes, despite the poorly understood biologic effects of such treatments on humans. In the present study, we investigated the effects of infrared radiation on collagen and elastin production in dermal fibroblasts, as well as the clinical and histopathologic effects of infrared radiation on photo-aged facial skin lesions. In order to determine the effects of infrared radiation on collagen and elastin production, dermal fibroblasts were exposed to infrared radiation for varying lengths of time and collagen and elastin contents were subsequently determined. Additionally, 20 patients with mild to moderate facial wrinkles and hyperpigmented lesions received daily treatments of far infrared radiation (900 to 1000 microm) for six-months. During the treatment, patients and a medical observer conducted independent photographic and clinical evaluations every 4 weeks, and skin biopsies were obtained for histological analysis at baseline and one month post-treatment. We found that the content of collagen and elastin produced by the fibroblasts increased after infrared radiation, and that this increase was proportional to the duration of irradiation exposure. Following 6 months of treatment, all patients reported good (51-75%) improvements in skin texture and roughness. Additionally, patients noted fair (25-50%) improvement in color tone of the skin; however, improvements in hyperpigmented lesions were not observed. Objective medical evaluation of the patients indicated that roughness and laxity were fairly improved, but there was no significant improvement in hyperpigmented lesions. Histological examination failed to reveal any differences as well. These results suggest that infrared radiation may have beneficial effects on skin texture and wrinkles by increasing collagen and elastin contents from the stimulated fibroblasts. Therefore, skin treatment with infrared radiation may be an effective and safe non-ablative remodeling method, and may also be useful in the treatment of photo-aged skin.
Three‐dimensional simulation of grain mixing in three different rotating drum designs for solid‐state fermentation (2002)

A previously published two-dimensional discrete particle simulation model for radial mixing behavior of various slowly rotating drums for solid-state fermentation (SSF) has been extended to a three-dimensional model that also predicts axial mixing. Radial and axial mixing characteristics were predicted for three different drum designs: (1) without baffles; (2) with straight baffles; and (3) with curved baffles. The axial mixing behavior was studied experimentally with video- and image-analysis techniques. In the drum without baffles and with curved baffles the predicted mixing behavior matched the observed behavior adequately. The predicted axial mixing behavior in the drum with straight baffles was predicted less accurately, and it appeared to be strongly dependent on particle rotation, which was in contrast to the other drum designs. In the drum with curved baffles complete mixing in the radial and axial direction was achieved much faster than in the other designs; that is, it was already achieved after three to four rotations. This drum design may therefore be very well suited to SSF. It is concluded that discrete particle simulations provide valuable detailed knowledge about particle transport processes, and this may help to understand and optimize related heat and mass transfer processes in SSF.
New Upper Rim Pyridine-Bridged Calix[4]arenes:  Synthesis and Complexation Properties toward Neutral Molecules and Ammonium Ions in Organic Media (1996)

A new series of calix[4]arenes, diametrically bridged at the upper rim with pyridino systems, has been synthesized. The shape, rigidity, and chemical structure of the bridge influence the host-guest complexation properties of these systems in solution toward several neutral molecules having acidic C-H bonds. Additionally, selective complexation of methylammonium tosylate in comparison with other ammonium salts has been observed and the strength of this complexation enhanced by electron-donor ability of the p-substituent on the pyridine moiety of the calixarene host. X-ray crystal structures of endo complexes of host 5with malononitrile and nitromethane have been resolved, verifying specific C-H bonding with the hard oxygen and nitrogen atoms of the bridge and the soft aromatic ring of the calixarene.
Estimation of Skid Numbers from Surface Texture Parameters in the Rational Design of Standard Reference Pavements for Test Equipment Calibration (1975)

Accurate measurement of highway skid resistance has required the application of appropriate reference standards for the calibration of locked wheel skid trailers [ASTM Test for Skid Resistance of Paved Surfaces Using a Full-Scale Tire (E 274-70)] used as test equipment. This investigation was concerned with the development of criteria needed for the design of primary standard reference pavement surfaces. A parametric study of the effect of pavement texture on skid number, comprising laboratory experiments with model pavement surfaces, offers new insight into a solution of the problem.
Microstructure Effect on LaPtBi Superconductivity (2019)

Recent studies predict that LaPtBi is a half-Heusler has multi-functionalities: the superconductivity 1 and topological edge states, a namely topological superconductor under certain conditions 2 . It can be stimulated under substantial uniaxial strain conditions. The superconductivity in LaPtBi has been shown in bulk. However, the topological superconductive surface state can not be observed yet. In this study, we report the transmission electron microscopy work for observation of superconductivity and its relationship with a uniaxial strain in MBE grown epitaxial non-centrosymmetric LaPtBi film on MgO (001).
Federated Learning in Unreliable and Resource-Constrained Cellular Wireless Networks (2021)

With growth in the number of smart devices and advancements in their hardware, in recent years, data-driven machine learning techniques have drawn significant attention. However, due to privacy and communication issues, it is not possible to collect this data at a centralized location. Federated learning is a machine learning setting where the centralized location trains a learning model over remote devices. Federated learning algorithms cannot be employed in the real world scenarios unless they consider unreliable and resource-constrained nature of the wireless medium. In this paper, we propose a federated learning algorithm that is suitable for cellular wireless networks. We prove its convergence, and provide a sub-optimal scheduling policy that improves the convergence rate. We also study the effect of local computation steps and communication steps on the convergence of the proposed algorithm. We prove, in practice, federated learning algorithms may solve a different problem than the one that they have been employed for if the unreliability of wireless channels is neglected. Finally, through numerous experiments on real and synthetic datasets, we demonstrate the convergence of our proposed algorithm.
Increased 5-Hydroxytryptamine-2 Receptor Binding in the Frontal Cortex of Depressed Patients Responding to Paroxetine Treatment: A Positron Emission Tomography Scan Study (2001)

The changes in aminergic receptors elicited by antidepressant treatments have been extensively examined in the brain of experimental animals using radioligand and molecular techniques. However, there is a very limited direct information regarding the changes effected by such treatments in the human brain, as well as its relationship to clinical improvement. Using positron emission tomography (PET) scanning, the authors examined the cortical 5-Hydroxytryptamine-2A (5-HT2A) receptor binding of [18F]fluoro-ethyl-spiperone after a 4-week treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine. [18F]fluoro-ethyl-spiperone labels 5-HT2A receptors in the cortex and dopamine D2 receptors in the basal ganglia. A binding index (BI) was calculated in the frontal cortex and the basal ganglia (mostly caudate-putamen) by reference to cerebellum. Thirty-seven inpatients with major depression with a mean +/- SD score on the 21-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D-21) of 26.3 +/- 4.3 at admission were treated with paroxetine 40 mg/day. After 4 weeks of treatment, the BI in the frontal cortex of remitted patients (HAM-D-21 score = 4.7 +/- 4.0; N = 20) was significantly greater than the score in nonresponder patients (HAM-D-21 score = 21.2 +/- 4.0; N = 17) (BI = 0.54 +/- 0.15 and 0.41 +/- 0.17, respectively; p < 0.02). No such difference was observed in the basal ganglia (5.45 +/- 1.11 and 5.39 +/- 0.82, respectively; p = 0.85). The significant difference in cortical BI persisted when age was used as covariate (p < 0.016). These data suggest that clinical improvement in patients treated with paroxetine is associated with an increase in the density of 5-HT2A receptors in the frontal cortex.
Corrosion Performance of Austenitic Alloys in Automobile Exhaust Environments (1977)

The performance of several austenitic alloys ranging from low alloy content stainless steels to nickel-base alloys has been evaluated at temperatures from 704–1093°C (1300–2000°F) in cyclic air + 10 percent water vapor and from 704–982°C (1300–1800°F) in gasoline engine exhaust. The gasoline engine exhaust was found to be the more aggresive of the two test environments. A general trend of increasing performance with increasing nickel content was observed. At the highest test temperatures in both tests, the nickel-base alloys clearly displayed superior performance.