gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Squamous cell carcinomas of the aryepiglottic fold: Therapeutic results and long‐term follow‐up (1995)

Three hundred fifteen patients with squamous cell carcinomas involving the aryepiglottic (A-E) folds were treated between January 1964 and December 1991. The age ranged from 39 to 87 years (mean, 62.4 years; median, 61.3 years) and the male-to-female ratio was 5:1 (54 women and 261 men). Symptom duration prior to diagnosis was 4.8 months. Eighty percent of patients had T3 and T4 lesions and 56.3% had neck metastases at presentation. Six patients (1.8%) had distant metastases and were excluded from this study. Clinically the tumors presented as either exophytic infiltrating lesions which were confined to the A-E fold (n = 57) or mucosally spreading tumors which extended to the lateral supraglottis or pyriform sinus (n = 258). Prior to 1978 preoperative radiation (3000 to 5000 cGy) was used. Higher doses of postoperative radiation (5000 to 6000+ cGy) were used thereafter. After 1982 the use of myocutaneous flaps for closure of partial laryngopharyngectomy defects was routine. Almost all N0 neck disease was treated by radiation or surgery. Combined therapy was used in N1-N3 disease. One quarter of the patients had single-modality therapy (25.7%; 81 patients) with a cumulative 5-year disease-free survival of 53%. The remainder of the patients (n = 234) had combined therapy with a cumulative 5-year survival of 67.2%. The latter group had 163 conservation surgeries and 121 total laryngectomy resections. The 5-year disease-free survival for preoperative radiation with surgery (68%) and postoperative radiation with surgery (64%) was similar. Those treated by radiation alone had a 34% 5-year disease-free survival and those treated with surgery alone had a 61% 5-year disease-free survival. The cumulative locoregional control rate was 77%. The cumulative disease-free survival at 5, 10, 15, and 20 years is 66%, 57%, 55%, and 55%, respectively. Infiltrating tumors had a better disease-free survival (by more than 10%) than spreading tumors. The 5-year survival rates were separated well by clinical stages of tumors. In patients with T1 tumors the 5-year survival was 87%; in those with T2 tumors, 80%; in those with T3 tumors, 78%; and in those with T4 tumors, 41%. The survival rate was greater in those with N0 tumors than in those with N+ tumors by 25% and greater in those with N1 tumors than in those with N2 + N3 tumors by an additional 18%. The overall complication rate was 26% and in 7.7% these were fatal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Systematic development of a theory-informed multifaceted behavioural intervention to increase physical activity of adults with type 2 diabetes in routine primary care: Movement as Medicine for Type 2 Diabetes (2015)

ISRCTN67997502.
Short tandem repeat (STR) profile authentication via machine learning techniques (2012)

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2012.
Enhanced Route Refresh Capability for BGP-4 (2014)

In this document, we enhance the existing BGP route refresh mechanisms
to provide for the demarcation of the beginning and the ending of a
route refresh. The enhancement can be used to facilitate correction of
BGP Routing Information Base (RIB) inconsistencies in a non-disruptive
manner. This document updates RFC 2918.
Isolation, Purification, and Characterization of Pregnancy-Specific Protein B from Elk and Moose Placenta1 (1999)

Pregnancy-specific protein B (PSPB) was isolated, purified, and partially characterized from elk and moose placenta. The procedure, which was monitored by bovine PSPB (bPSPB) RIA, included homogenization and extraction in aqueous solution, acidic and ammonium sulfate precipitation, and ion exchange, gel filtration, and affinity chromatographies. The estimated molecular sizes of moose PSPB (mPSPB) were 58 kDa and 31 kDa, and of elk PSPB (ePSPB) were 57 kDa, 45 kDa, and 31 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The isoelectric points of mPSPB were 4.8, 6.6, and 6.7, and of ePSPB were 4.8, 4.9, 6.1, and 6.2 as determined by isoelectric focusing and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The carbohydrate contents of mPSPB and ePSPB were approximately 3.15% and 4.98%, respectively. Although ePSPB and mPSPB were recognized by anti-bPSPB in an Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion test, they were found to share identical epitopes and partial identities compared to bPSPB. After treatment at different temperatures (20-60 degrees C) for 1 h, the immunoreactivities of ePSPB and mPSPB in serum were very stable. Only ePSPB in serum treated at 60 degrees C lost some immunoreactivity. After alteration of serum pH (pH 3-11) for 2 h, the immunoreactivities of ePSPB and mPSPB became lower at pH 3 and 4, and remained stable from pH 5 to 11. These data show that moose and elk PSPB have properties similar to those of bovine and ovine PSPB.
Remote navigation systems in electrophysiology (2008)

Today, atrial fibrillation (AF) is the dominant indication for catheter ablation in big electrophysiologists (EP) centres. AF ablation strategies are complex and technically challenging. Therefore, it would be desirable that technical innovations pursue the goal to improve catheter stability to increase the procedural success and most importantly to increase safety by helping to avoid serious complications. The most promising technical innovation aiming at the aforementioned goals is remote catheter navigation and ablation. To date, two different systems, the NIOBE magnetic navigation system (MNS, Stereotaxis, USA) and the Sensei robotic navigation system (RNS, Hansen Medical, USA), are commercially available. The following review will introduce the basic principles of the systems, will give an insight into the merits and demerits of remote navigation, and will further focus on the initial clinical experience at our centre with focus on pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) procedures.
A Method for Determining the Nitrogen Isotopic Composition of Porphyrins (2008)

We describe a new method for analysis of the nitrogen isotopic composition of sedimentary porphyrins. This method involves separation and purification of geoporphyrins from sediment samples using liquid chromatography and HPLC, oxidation of the nitrogen within porphyrin-enriched fractions using a two-step process, and isotopic analysis of the resulting nitrate using the denitrifier method. By analysis of these degradation products of chlorophylls, we are able to measure an isotopic signature that reflects the nitrogen utilized by primary producers. The high sensitivity of the denitrifier method allows measurement of small samples that contain low concentrations of porphyrins. Extraction of only 50 nmol of nitrogen (nmol N) allows the following five analyses to be made (each on approximately 10 nmol N): nitrogen concentration, an assessment of potential contamination by nonporphyrin N, and three replicate isotopic measurements. The measured values of delta15N have an average analytical precision of +/-0.5 per thousand (1sigma) and an average contribution from Rayleigh fractionation of 0.7 per thousand from incomplete oxidation of porphyrin N to nitrate. The overall method will enable high-resolution records of delta15N values to be obtained for geological and ecological applications.
Enhancing Multiuser MIMO Through Opportunistic D2D Cooperation (2016)

We propose a cellular architecture that combines multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO) downlink with opportunistic use of unlicensed ISM bands to establish device-to-device (D2D) cooperation. The architecture consists of a physical-layer cooperation scheme based on forming downlink virtual MIMO channels through D2D relaying, and a novel resource allocation strategy for such D2D-enabled networks. We prove the approximate optimality of the physical-layer scheme, and demonstrate that such cooperation boosts the effective SNR of the weakest user in the system, especially in the many-user regime, due to multiuser diversity. To harness this physical-layer scheme, we formulate the cooperative user scheduling and relay selection problem using the network utility maximization framework. For such a cooperative network, we propose a novel utility metric that jointly captures fairness in throughput and the cost of relaying in the system. We propose a joint user scheduling and relay selection algorithm, which we prove to be asymptotically optimal. We study the architecture through system-level simulations over a wide range of scenarios. The highlight of these simulations is an approximately $6$x improvement in data rate for cell-edge (bottom fifth-percentile) users (over the state-of-the-art SU-MIMO) while still improving the overall throughput, and taking into account various system constraints.
Compile-time dynamic voltage scaling settings (2003)

With power-related concerns becoming dominant aspects of hardware and software design, significant research effort has been devoted towards system power minimization. Among run-time power-management techniques, dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) has emerged as an important approach, with the ability to provide significant power savings. DVS exploits the ability to control the power consumption by varying a processor's supply voltage (V) and clock frequency (f). DVS controls energy by scheduling different parts of the computation to different (V, f) pairs; the goal is to minimize energy while meeting performance needs. Although processors like the Intel XScale and Transmeta Crusoe allow software DVS control, such control has thus far largely been used at the process/task level under operating system control. This is mainly because the energy and time overhead for switching DVS modes is considered too large and difficult to manage within a single program.In this paper we explore the opportunities and limits of compile-time DVS scheduling. We derive an analytical model for the maximum energy savings that can be obtained using DVS given a few known program and processor parameters. We use this model to determine scenarios where energy consumption benefits from compile-time DVS and those where there is no benefit. The model helps us extrapolate the benefits of compile-time DVS into the future as processor parameters change. We then examine how much of these predicted benefits can actually be achieved through optimal settings of DVS modes. This is done by extending the existing Mixed-integer Linear Program (MILP) formulation for this problem by accurately accounting for DVS energy switching overhead, by providing finer-grained control on settings and by considering multiple data categories in the optimization. Overall, this research provides a comprehensive view of compile-time DVS management, providing both practical techniques for its immediate deployment as well theoretical bounds for use into the future.
[Clinical study on active rheumatoid arthritis treated with simiao xiaobi decoction]. (2010)

SXD can improve the joint symptoms and general condition of RA patients of HPTB type with shorter initiating time and less adverse reaction.
Fast Funnel Computation Using Multivariate Bernstein Polynomial (2021)

Guaranteeing safety of robotic systems is essential for a reliable operation. A funnel, the set of states that can be reached from the initial set of states in the presence of disturbances, can be used as a means of safety verification. This letter presents a tractable algorithm for computing the funnel of nonlinear systems that are polynomial of state and disturbance. Based on the Hamilton-Jacobi reachability analysis, we propose a polynomial approximation of the value function of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation. We conservatively approximate the value function so that the funnel certainly contains the forward reachable set of the system. By using the property of Bernstein polynomials, we show that the conservativeness condition can be expressed as linear inequality constraints. Consequently, we compute the funnel by iteratively solving linear programs. The simulation results validate the computational efficiency of the algorithm.
Molecular Weight Distribution Characteristics (of a Polymer) Derived from a Stretched‐Exponential PGSTE NMR Response Function—Simulation (2012)

Abstract Assuming the signal response in a pulsed gradient stimulated echo (PGSTE) experiment (on a polymer) to be described by a simple stretched‐exponential function (SEF) and knowing the scaling law between diffusivity and molecular weight, the molecular weight distribution (MWD) characteristics (kurtosis, skewness, moment, and width) are derived and compared to the corresponding distribution characteristics obtained by a log‐normal function fit (to the same MWD). Also, the challenge involved in obtaining a reliable weight average molecular weight from an SEF response function is discussed.
Publication Rate of Abstracts Presented at the Shoulder and Elbow Session of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgery (2008)

Many shoulder and elbow abstracts presented at the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) annual meeting are cited in the orthopaedic literature or are used to guide orthopaedic practice, but not all of these abstracts are submitted, survive peer review, or eventually are published. Presuming unpublished works have not been scientifically confirmed, one could question whether it is academically responsible to cite abstracts presented at the AAOS before they are peer-reviewed and published. To partly address this issue we determined the peer-reviewed publication rate for 558 abstracts (233 papers and 325 posters) presented at the shoulder and elbow sessions of the AAOS from 1999 to 2004. In April 2007, we searched the computerized database MEDLINE and PubMed for published articles based on these abstracts. We examined the published articles to assess publication rate, time to publication, change in contents, change in authors, and change in conclusions of abstracts. The overall publication rate in peer-reviewed journals was 58% (321 of 558), similar to other orthopaedic meetings and medical disciplines. We believe it is unacceptable to cite shoulder and elbow abstracts submitted to the AAOS because only slightly more than (1/2) (58%) of them are authenticated scientifically.
An in vivo method to study post‐transcriptional regulation in germ stem cells (2018)

Stem cells in regenerative tissues must balance factors promoting self‐renewal with those driving differentiation. Faulty regulation of this balance can lead to tumor growth or loss of regenerative ability. The tractable germline of the nematode C. elegans has allowed the identification of a wealth of key stem cell regulatory factors and remarkably, virtually all are RNA binding proteins (RBP). Despite this insight, a mechanistic understanding of how these RBPs regulate their target mRNAs is lacking. Here, we develop an in vivo method to investigate their mechanisms. Our assay probes how a given RBP affects expression of a reporter mRNA when recruited to its 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR). To perform the assay, an RBP of interest is genetically engineered to contain a small λN peptide. The λN peptide binds a specific RNA hairpin, called boxB, with high affinity. Thus, a reporter mRNA engineered to contain boxB hairpins in its 3′UTR will bind the λN tagged RBP and either increase or decrease expression, depending on the RBP regulatory function. By imaging reporter expression in germline stem cells, we can gain insight into how the RBP regulates target transcripts in its normal biological context. The simple and rapid readout of the assay allows it to be used to probe how an RBP accomplishes its RNA regulation or screen for other factors necessary for RBP function. We have applied this assay to several of the key stem cell RBP regulators to test their functions in vivo. Our results demonstrate the tractability and ease of this method to study RBPs in the C. elegans germline as well as providing mechanistic insights into how the RBPs regulate stem cell fate decisions. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Microbubble generation in phase-shift nanoemulsions used as anticancer drug carriers (2009)

The paper describes droplet-to-bubble transition in block copolymer stabilized perfluoropentane nanoemulsions. Three physical factors that trigger droplet-to-bubble transition in liquid emulsions and gels were evaluated, namely heat, ultrasound, and injections through fine-gauge needles. Among those listed, ultrasound irradiation was found the most efficient factor. Possible mechanisms of bubble generation and growth discussed in the paper include liquid-to-gas transition inside the individual bubble; bubble coalescence; and diffusion of dissolved air and/or perfluoropentane from small bubbles into larger bubbles (i.e., Oswald ripening). The last two factors result in irreversibility of the droplet-to-bubble transition. In gel matrices, ultrasound-induced droplet-to-bubble transition was substantially inhibited but was catalyzed by large (hundred micron) pre-existing bubbles irradiated by low frequency (hundred kilohertz) ultrasound. The dependence of the droplet-to-bubble transition on initial bubble size is theoretically treated and the role of increase of surface area in promoting bubble coalescence is discussed. Therapeutic implications of observed effects are discussed.
Factors Influencing the Infection of Cowpea Mesophyll Protoplasts by Alfalfa Mosaic Virus (1977)

SUMMARY Judged by the yield of infective virus, good infection of cowpea mesophyll protoplasts with alfalfa mosaic virus is obtained when protoplasts are resuspended at 0 °C in 0.5 m-mannitol, 0.01 m-potassium phosphate, pH 5.6, containing 1 µg/ml poly-l-ornithine and about 2 µg/ml virus. At 25°C, virus infectivity is first detectable 12 h after inoculation and increases exponentially in the next 12 h. Forty hours after inoculation about 1 to 5 × 106 virus particles are produced per living protoplast. As with intact leaves, a mixture of bottom component, middle component and top component b nucleoprotein is required for the infection of protoplasts. Virus multiplication is not sensitive to chloramphenicol (200 µg/ml) but is completely inhibited by cycloheximide (10 µg/ml) applied at any point in the growth cycle. Actinomycin D (10 µg/ml) interferes with an early step in virus replication.
NOVEL METHOD FOR QUANTIFYING HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN PATIENTS WITH TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY (2004)

Departments: Abstracts of Papers to be Presented at the Eighteenth Annual Scientific Meeting of the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma January 11–15, 2005 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida
Palladium‐Catalyzed 2‐Phenylethenylation of Codeine: 8‐[(1E)‐2‐Phenylethenyl]codeinone Dimethyl Ketal as the Unexpected ‘Masked’ Diene for the Preparation of 19‐Substituted Diels–Alder Adducts of Thebaine (2006)

Abstract In a search for starting materials for the preparation of 7,8‐fused morphine alkaloid derivatives, 8‐[(1 E ‐2‐phenylethenyl]codeinone dimethyl ketal ( 4 ) and 8‐[(1 E ‐2‐phenylethenyl]codeine ( 5 ) were prepared. These dienes were used as substrates in the Diels–Alder reactions. Compound 5 formed the ‘normal’ adduct 12 with N‐ phenylmaleimide, while compound 4 behaved in reactions with dienophiles as the ‘masked’ diene 11 , a 8‐[(1 E )‐2‐phenylethenyl]‐substituted thebaine, yielding the corresponding 19‐substituted 6,14‐ endo ‐etheno‐6,7,8,14‐tetrahydrothebaines. Specifically, reaction of 4 with methyl vinyl ketone gave rise to 19‐[(1 E )‐phenylethenyl]thevinone ( 14 ) whose structure was elucidated by an X‐ray diffraction analysis. The thebaine derivative 11 was also prepared from 4 .
Separation and concentration of phytoplankton populations using centrifugal elutriation (1989)

Centrifugal elutriation is a technique for separating particles on the basis of their sedimentation velocity, an expression of size, shape, and specific gravity. Unialgal cultures, mixtures of two phytoplankton cultures, and natural seawater samples were elutriated to determine the feasibility of this technique for collecting fractions of different cell cycle phases, separating two phytoplankton species, and concentrating cells from dilute samples. Elutriation resulted in the separation of a culture of Dunaliella tertiolecta and Phaeodactylum tricornutum into homogeneous fractions of each species. Cells in the natural seawater sample were concentrated by nearly 2 orders of magnitude. Centrifugal elutriation provides an alternative cell separation and concentration technique when large numbers of cells are required.
X-Ray Imaging of Ultrafast Magnetic Reconnection Driven by Relativistic Electrons (2014)

Evidence of magnetic reconnection (MR) events driven by relativistic electrons is observed between two high-intensity laser/plasma interaction sites. The two laser foci were on average 20um FWHM containing 50TW of power each, delivered with a split f/3 paraboloid onto copper foil targets at a focused intensity of 10(19) W/cm(2) with the HERCULES laser system. Cu K-alpha emissions from the interactions were imaged with a spherically bent Quartz crystal, and by motorizing one half of the paraboloid vertically the focal separation was varied between 0-400um. Splitting the beam halves revealed an enhanced region between the foci with the highest a maximized K-alpha signal intensity at one inter-beam separation, evidencing inflow from relativistic electron driven MR. A filtered LANEX screen was imaged to search for outflow/jet electrons along the plane of the target surface and normal to the axis defined by the two spots, to calculate the electron temperature and to search for spatial profile nonuniformities potentially directly originating from reconnection events. Ongoing 2D and 3D PIC simulations are being conducted to better understand and model the measured electron outflow dynamics.
New Nonlinear Methods of Heart Rate Variability Analysis in Diagnostics of Atrial Fibrillation (2011)

Detection of atrial fibrillation in HRV signals needs analysis of irregular time series. Standard time domain and spectral method are not sufficient. We applied three new methods of time series analysis - symbolic method, fractal method, and empirical mode decomposition. Our method enables distinguishing atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and sinus rhythm, and are helpfull in tracking irregular heart rate activity.
Antidepressants Cause Bradycardia and Heart Block in GD 13 Rat Embryos In Vitro (2012)

This study investigated the effects of a range of antidepressant drugs on the heart of gestation day 13 rat embryos in vitro. The general hypothesis was that the drugs would adversely affect the function of the embryonic heart since they all have some cardiac ion channel blocking activity in addition to their main pharmacological effect on neurotransmitters. The results showed that all the tested drugs caused bradycardia in a generally concentration-dependent manner. At higher concentrations most of the drugs caused some degree of heart block consistent with sodium channel blockade and some drugs also showed negative inotropy associated with blockade of the L-type calcium channel. One drug, trazodone, caused arrhythmia consistent with blockade of the hERG (human ether-a-go-go related gene) potassium channel. In general the effects on the embryonic rat heart were only seen at "free drug" concentrations much greater than those likely to occur in pregnant women taking antidepressant medication. The least margin of safety was seen with the tricyclic antidepressants and the serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor trazodone.