gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity of Porcine Thoracic Responses and Injuries to Various Frontal and A Lateral Impact Site (1978)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Classical blunt thoracic impacts have involved midsternal anteroposterior loadings to an upright-positioned subject. Data on the sensitivity of human cadaver and/or animal model biomechanical and injury responses to blunt loadings at different sternal locations is needed to evaluate the efficacy of current injury-potential guidelines for nonsite-specific frontal impacts. In addition, the biomechanics and injury mechanisms associated with lateral impacts constitute a subject of increasing consideration for occupant protection.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Twelve anesthetized pigs were subjected to various blunt frontal or a right-side impact to assess biomechanical and injury response differences in a living animal model. For frontal impacts, thoracic compliance (i.e., sternal acceleration, normalized deflection, blood over-pressure, as well as force-deflection characteristics) and injury (i.e., skeletal and visceral trauma, and conduction dysfunction) were significantly affected by the location of the sternal load. Impacts above midsternum (to a relatively stiff thorax) produced infrequent skeletal damage but serious mediastinal hemorrhaging and lung laceration; whereas, impacts below midsternum (to a more compliant thorax) resulted in extensive skeletal damage and liver laceration. For lateral impacts, large penetration into the rib cage produced serious liver injuries with extensive near-side skeletal damage in one case and no fractures in the other.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The evaluation of functional response to impact was enhanced by analysis of potential heart dysfunctions and of variations in blood catecholamines. Disturbances of the myocardial conducting system were observed from multi-lead ECG recordings. Left anterior hemiblock was frequently observed after impacts at or below midsternum. The block either resolved or progressed to ventricular fibrillation in several minutes. In an analysis of the induced stress, a transient increase was observed in plasma catecholamine concentrations which was rapidly alleviated within minutes after the impact.&lt;/div&gt;
Analysis and suppression of self-jamming issue in mobile equipments by using APD measurement (2010)

Self-jamming issue in a mobile phone is problematical recently. Noise evaluation by using APD is very useful to analysis this issue. We describe countermeasure example of a self-jamming issue occurred between a DC-DC converter and a Japanese digital TV service (One-seg TV) in a Japanese mobile phone handset. This example shows that the noise measurement by APD and the near-filed APD mapping system are useful to countermeasure Self-jamming issues in mobile phones.
Performance of inverted indices in shared-nothing distributed text document information retrieval systems (2002)

The impact on query processing performance of various physical organizations for inverted lists is compared. A probabilistic mode of the database and queries is introduced. Simulation experiments determine which variables most strongly influence response time and throughput. This leads to a set of design tradeoffs over a range of hardware configurations and new parallel query processing strategies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
New Frontiers in Epigenetic Modifications (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction DNA Methylation Histone Modifications and the Histone Code Hypothesis Origins of Specificity in Histone Binding Proteins/Modifying Enzymes Histone Modification Cross-talk Inhibitors of DNMTs and HDACs Conclusions References
Role of Protein Kinase C-iota in Prostate Cancer (2008)

Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of death among males in the United States. In this study, we hypothesized that an activated PKC-iota-dependent anti-apoptotic pathway, drives the cell cycle proliferation and survival of prostate cancer cells.\nWe investigated the role of atypical PKC-iota (PKC-ι) in androgen- independent prostate DU-145 carcinoma, androgen-dependent prostate LNCaP carcinoma compared to transformed non-malignant prostate RWPE-1 cells. Western blotting and immunoprecipitations demonstrated that PKC-ι is associated with cyclin-dependent activating kinase (CAK/Cdk7) in androgen-dependent, RWPE-1 and LNCaP cells but not in androgen-independent DU-145 cells. Treatment of prostate RWPE-1 cells with PKC-ι silencing RNA (siRNA) decreased cell proliferation, cell cycle accumulation at G2/M phase and decreased phosphorylation of Cdk7 and cdk2. In addition, PKC-ι siRNA treatment provoked a decrease in phosphorylation of Bad and increased Bad/Bcl-xL heterodimerization, leading to cell apoptosis.\nIn DU-145 cells, PKC-ι is anti-apoptotic and still required for cell survival. Treatment with PKC-ι siRNA blocked an increase in cell number, and inhibited G1/S transition. In addition to cell cycle arrest, both RWPE-1 cells and DU-145 cells underwent apoptosis via mitochondria dysfunction and activating apoptosis cascades such as release of cytochrome c, activation of caspase-7, and poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage.\nMechanistic pathways involving aPKCs in the NF-κB survival pathway were established using pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). Results demonstrated that RWPE-1 cells and DU-145 cells are insensitive to TNFα whereas LNCaP cells are sensitive to TNFα treatment and undergo apoptosis. In DU-145 cells, TNFα induced PKC-ι activation of IκB kinase, IKKα/ß, while in RWPE-1 cells, PKC-ζ activates IKKα/ß. Both RWPE-1 and DU-145 show degradation of IκBα allowing NF-κB/p65 translocation to the nucleus. In LNCaP cells, the upstream kinase activation IKKα/ß was not observed, although there have been reports that LNCaP cells weakly activate IKKα and have NF-κB activation. In vivo kinase assay demonstrates that PKC-ι is the substrate of IKKα/ß. A putative PKC-ι inhibitor (ICA-1) inhibited activation of IKKα/ß in vivo.\nHence, PKC-ι is an antiapoptotic protein and this suggests that anti-PKC-ι therapy may be a viable option for prostate carcinoma cells.
Session details: Session 8: Waiting for 7G (2019)

No abstract available.
Influence of Carbon Chain Length on the Hepatic Effects of Perfluorinated Fatty Acids. A 19F- and 31P-NMR Investigation (1996)

Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, we investigated the importance of carbon chain length with regard to the hepatic effects associated with perfluoro-n-carboxylic acids. Male F-344 rats were administered a single intraperitoneal dose of either perfluoro-n-heptanoic acid (C7-PFA), perfluoro-n-nonanoic acid (C9-PFA), or perfluoro-n-undecanoic acid (C11-PFA). Data from previous studies involving perfluoro-n-octanoic acid (C8-PFA) and perfluoro-n-decanoic acid (C10-PFA) are included for comparison. Food consumption/body weight was monitored daily for all groups. C9- and C11-PFA treatment yields a prolonged hypophagic response while C7-PFA shows a more acute response. Fluorine-19 NMR spectra of urine and bile samples show no evidence of fluorometabolites and suggest that the distribution of perfluorocarbons into urine or bile is dependent upon carbon chain length. The aqueous solubility of C7-PFA appears to facilitate rapid urinary excretion, similar to that observed for C8-PFA. The relative hydrophobicity of C9- and C11-PFA appears to favor biliary enterohepatic recirculation, yielding a more protracted toxicity, similar to C10-PFA. Phosphorus-31 NMR studies of liver in vivo and liver extracts show that perfluorocarbons of > or = C9 carbons produce a significant increase in liver phosphocholine concentration. These data are discussed with regard to the impact of these chemicals on hepatic phospholipid metabolism. Hepatic peroxisomal fatty acyl CoA-oxidase activity (FAO) was measured to determine if C7-, C9-, and C11-PFA are peroxisome proliferators. Data indicate that the induction of peroxisomal enzyme activity by perfluorocarbons requires a chain length greater than seven carbons. In general, these results demonstrate the significance of carbon chain length in the hepatotoxic response and provide clues toward understanding the processes involved in the biological activities associated with exposure to these compounds.
The activated, dissociative chemisorption of methane on tungsten (1975)

The dissociative chemisorption of methane on tungsten has been investigated for temperatures between 600 and 2600°K and it is shown that at least two processes are operative. The apparent activation energies are 10.2 kcal/mole (1200°K &amp;lt; T &amp;lt; 2600°K) and 2.7 kcal/mole (600°K &amp;lt; T &amp;lt; 1000°K). The sticking probability varies from 3×10−3 at 2600°K to ∼10−4 at 600°K. The sticking probabilities are independent of pressure for the clean surface but are shown to decrease as the surface concentration of carbon or nitrogen increases. Above ∼1900°K the sticking probability was independent of the number of molecules previously reacted, indicating that carbon was diffusing into the bulk of being desorbed. A large kinetic isotope effect with rather unique features is observed. Tentative explanations of these phenomena are suggested.
THE RESPONSE OF GROWTH AND BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION TO VARIATIONS IN DAYLENGTH, TEMPERATURE, AND IRRADIANCE IN THE MARINE DIATOM THALASSIOSIRA PSEUDONANA (BACILLARIOPHYCEAE) (1999)

The relationships between the growth rate of the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana (Hustedt) and irradiance, daylength, and temperature were determined in nutrient‐sufficient semicontinuous cultures. The initial slopes of the growth versus total daily irradiance curves were not affected by temperature or daylength. Growth versus irradiance was best modeled as a hyperbolic function at short daylengths and better modeled as an exponential function at longer daylengths. The maximum or light‐saturated growth rates at each daylength were modeled as a hyperbolic function of daylength. This model was extended in a novel manner to include temperature dependence providing a framework that can be used to interpret other experimental data on growth rate versus daylength. The resulting model should be useful in global models of phytoplankton growth. Carbon, nitrogen, and chl a quotas were influenced by daylength, irradiance, and temperature. Both C and N quotas were positive exponential functions of irradiance, whereas N and chl a quotas were significantly greater for cells grown at the lower temperature. The ratio chl a :C quota (chl a :Q c ) was a strong negative exponential function of total daily irradiance. Cells grown at 10° C had significantly greater chl a :Q c ratios than those grown at 18° C, and daylength also had a significant positive influence on chl a :Q c . The apparent effect of daylength on chl a :Q c was removed by standardizing chl a :Q c to growth rate (μ), resulting in a temperature‐dependent relationship between chl a :Q c ·μ −1 and irradiance that accounted for 95% of the variation in the data.
Electrochemical Disinfection of Dental Implants (2011)

Background: Peri-implantitis has gained significant clinical attention in recent years. This disease is an inflammatory reaction to microorganisms around dental implants. Due to the limited accessibility, non-invasive antimicrobial strategies are of high interest. An unexpected approach to implant disinfection may evolve from electrolysis. Given the electrical conductivity of titanium implants, alkalinity or active oxidants can be generated in body fluids. We investigated the use of dental titanium implants as electrodes for the local generation of disinfectants. Our hypothesis was that electrolysis can reduce viable counts of adhering bacteria, and that this reduction should be greater if active oxidative species are generated. Methodology/Principal Findings: As model systems, dental implants, covered with a mono-species biofilm of Escherichia coli C43, were placed in photographic gelatin prepared with physiological saline. Implants were treated by a continuous current of 0 - 10 mA for 15 minutes. The reduction of viable counts was investigated on cathodes and anodes. In separate experiments, the local change in pH was visualized using color indicators embedded in the gelatin. Oxidative species were qualitatively detected by potassium iodide-starch paper. The in situ generated alkaline environment around cathodic implants caused a reduction of up to 2 orders of magnitude in viable E. coli counts. On anodic implants, in contrast to cathodic counterparts, oxidative species were detected. Here, a current of merely 7.5 mA caused complete kill of the bacteria. Conclusions/Significance: This laboratory study shows that electrochemical treatment may provide access to a new way to decontaminate dental implants in situ.
Atovaquone–Proguanil for Prophylaxis and Treatment of Malaria (2003)

Atovaquone-proguanil is a safe and effective alternative to current recommended regimens for prophylaxis and treatment of malaria.
VUV photodynamics of free tholins nanoparticles investigated by imaging Angle- Resolved Photoemission with the Synchrotron Radiation (2016)

International audience
Association of sequence variation 713-8delC in intron 4 of transforming growth factor-β1 gene and low bone mineral density in Pakistani female osteoporotic population. (2013)

Osteoporosis, a major public health problem, is becoming increasingly prevalent with the aging of the world population. This skeletal disorder is generalized, affecting the elderly, both sexes, and all racial groups' especially postmenopausal women are common victims. It results in fragility of the bone and leads to fractures. Ostopenia is less severe condition with fragile bones. Osteoporosis is polygenic condition in which many genes and environmental factors play key role. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) is considered a putative regulator of osteoclastic-osteoblastic interaction (coupling). The present study was done to examine whether a sequence variation of the TGF-β1 gene (713-8delC) is related to bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis in Pakistani local osteoporotic female population. BMD was used as diagnostic tool to identify the subjects suffering from osteoporosis. Subjects were divided into three groups according to BMD i.e., osteoporotic, osteopenic and normal. Fifty samples were collected, 30 from osteoporotic, 11 from osteopenic and 9 from normal females. Sequence was amplified as PCR fragment and RFLP was done using Van91l enzyme to determine the sequence variation. The results showed that 70% of the individuals had a one base deletion in the intron sequence, 8 bases prior to exon 5 (713-8delC), which could influence splicing, while 33% normal women exhibited the 713-8delC. This sequence variation was significantly higher in the osteoporotic group and there was an association between deletion and low BMD (p < 0.05). A direct relationship between age and BMD was also established. Average BMD (-3.133 T-score) and age of osteoporotic subjects (52.7 years) was highest among three BMD defined groups, which indicates that with the increase in age, BMD becomes lower and chance of having osteoporosis increases. Most of the post-menopausal women (80%) were found to be osteoporotic in Pakistani local female population.
Fed-GBM (2022)

Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) is a computational technique to allow appliance-level energy disaggregation for sustainable energy management. Most NILM models require considerable training data to capture sufficient appliance signatures for robust model fitting. However, local on-site training cannot satisfy that requirement due to limited data availability. It is thus conceivable to perform data collaboration among different stakeholders. Unfortunately, current collaborative learning approaches rely on deep learning, encryption, and differential privacy techniques associated with either expensive computation or inefficient communication. In this paper, we propose a cost-effective collaborative learning framework, Fed-GBM (Federated Gradient Boosting Machines), consisting of two-stage voting and node-level parallelism, to address the problems in co-modelling for NILM. Through extensive experiments on real-world residential datasets, Fed-GBM shows remarkable performance on convergence, accuracy, computation and communication efficiency. The impact of hyper-parameters in Fed-GBM is also extensively studied to guide better practical use.
CdS/PbS Quantum Dot Solar Cells : Fabrication and Characterization (2014)

In this work, high performance Quantum Dot Sensitised Solar Cells (QDSCs) based on CdS QDs (visible light absorbing) and PbS QDs (NIR radiation absorbing) sensitised nanoporous TiO2 photoactive electrodes were constructed and characterized. QDs were directly grown onto a TiO2 nanostructured by a Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) method. The electrodes were characterized by electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The charge transfer modes in the photoanode were explained by fluorescence quenching and lifetime measurements. QDSCs were fabricated with PbS/CdS/TiO2 as photoanode, S2- as the hole scavenging electrolyte and electrophoretically deposited multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as the counter electrode. Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) was also synthesized for use as a potential electron acceptor in the photoanode. J-V characteristics of the cells were measured and the PbS/CdS/TiO2 cell delivered a large power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.01 %, thus showing this bi-layer to be promising for colloidal solution processed solar cells.
Synthesis of Spiroisoxazolines via an Oximation/Dearomatization Cascade under Air (2020)

A catalytic, transition-metal-free synthesis of spiroisoxazolines is outlined. This protocol provides, for the first time, a direct access to spiroisoxazolines from aryl (thio)ethers or (thio)phenols in one synthetic step via an oximation/dearomatization cascade. In this reaction, sodium nitrite plays dual roles: as a hydroxylamine source and also a precatalyst to promote the aerobic dearomatization. This methodology features unprecedented substrate scope, high yields, promising scalability, sustainable oxidant, and mild conditions.
Some requirements for architectural support of software debugging (1982)

Architectural support of high-level, symbolic debugging is described at three levels of abstraction: the user's view of desired debugging functionality, the debugger implementor's view of architectural requirements that support the functionality, and the computer architect's view of architectural features or attributes that implement the requirements. References are made where possible to computing systems that meet the requirements. The paper is written from the viewpoint of debugger implementors, and is addressed primarily to computer architects.
A Survey on IoT-Enabled Smart Grids: Emerging, Applications, Challenges, and Outlook (2022)

Swift population growth and rising demand for energy in the 21st century have resulted in considerable efforts to make the electrical grid more intelligent and responsive to accommodate consumers’ needs better while enhancing the reliability and efficiency of modern power systems. Internet of Things (IoT) has appeared as one of the enabling technologies for smart energy grids by delivering abundant cutting-edge solutions in various domains, including critical infrastructures. As IoT-enabled devices continue to flourish, one of the major challenges is security issues, since IoT devices are connected through the Internet, thus making the smart grids vulnerable to a diverse range of cyberattacks. Given the possible cascading consequences of shutting down a power system, a cyberattack on a smart grid would have disastrous implications for the stability of all grid-connected infrastructures. Most of the gadgets in our homes, workplaces, hospitals, and on trains require electricity to run. Therefore, the entire grid is subject to cyberattacks when a single device is hacked. Such attacks on power supplies may bring entire cities to a standstill, resulting in massive economic losses. As a result, security is an important element to address before the large-scale deployment of IoT-based devices in energy systems. In this report, first, we review the architecture and infrastructure of IoT-enabled smart grids; then, we focus on major challenges and security issues regarding their implementation. Lastly, as the main outcome of this study, we highlight the advanced solutions and technologies that can help IoT-enabled smart grids be more resilient and secure in overcoming existing cyber and physical attacks. In this regard, in the future, the broad implementation of cutting-edge secure and data transmission systems based on blockchain techniques is necessary to safeguard the entire electrical grid against cyber-physical adversaries.
Mobile App to Improve House Officers’ Adherence to Advanced Cardiac Life Support Guidelines: Quality Improvement Study (Preprint) (2019)

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Effective and timely delivery of cardiac arrest interventions during in-hospital cardiac arrest resuscitation is associated with greater survival. Whether a mobile app that provides timely reminders of critical interventions improves adherence to Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS) guidelines among house officers, who may lack experience in leading resuscitations, remains unknown. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a commercially available, dynamic mobile app on house officers’ adherence to ACLS guidelines. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> As part of a quality improvement initiative, internal medicine house officers were invited to participate and randomized to lead 2 consecutive cardiac arrest simulations, one with a novel mobile app and one without a novel mobile app. All simulations included 4 cycles of cardiopulmonary resuscitation with different cardiac arrest rhythms and were video recorded. The coprimary end points were chest compression fraction and number of correct interventions in each simulation. The secondary end point was incorrect interventions, defined as interventions not indicated by the 2015 ACLS guidelines. Paired &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; tests compared performance with and without the mobile app. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> Among 53 house officers, 26 house officers were randomized to lead the first simulation with the mobile app, and 27 house officers were randomized to do so without the app. Use of the mobile app was associated with a higher number of correct ACLS interventions (out of 7; mean 6.2 vs 5.1; absolute difference 1.1 [95% CI 0.6 to 1.6]; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt;.001) as well as fewer incorrect ACLS interventions (mean 0.3 vs 1.0; absolute difference –0.7 [95% CI –0.3 to –1.0]; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt;.001). Simulations with the mobile app also had a marginally higher chest compression fraction (mean 90.9% vs 89.0%; absolute difference 1.9% [95% CI 0.6% to 3.4%]; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=.007). </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> This proof-of-concept study suggests that this novel mobile app may improve adherence to ACLS protocols, but its effectiveness on survival in real-world resuscitations remains unknown. </sec>