gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Structure-activity domain of elongation factor EF-2. Analysis of fragments of limited EF-2 hydrolysis, obtained using trypsin and elastase]. (1995)

Limited hydrolysis of EF-2 with trypsin in mild conditions leads to cleavage at the N-terminal part of the protein, at the region of phosphorylation, at the Arg54 and Arg65 residues. The trypsinolysis product, fragment T1', containing Thr56 and Thr58, which are phosphorylated in EF-2, is also phosphorylated by EF-2-kinase at the same residues. In the phosphorylated EF-2, digestion by trypsin takes place only at Arg65, resulting in a reduction of the rate of hydrolysis in comparison with the native EF-2. Digestion of EF-2 with elastase results in the formation of two fragments E1 and E2 (60 and 40 kDa, respectively). Fragment E1 represents the N-terminal part of EF-2. It is resistant to the further action of elastase, is not cleaved by trypsin, and loses its capability for phosphorylation. Fragment E2, the C-end part of the molecule, is not resistant to the further action of elastase and retains its capability for ADP-ribosylation with the A fragment of diptheria toxin and NAD+. Electrophoretic analysis of EF-2 and its proteolytic fragments according to O'Farrell showed that the modification, resulting in the presence of two initial forms of EF-2, is located between the amino acid residues 66 and 506 of the polypeptide chain. In conclusion a possibility of studying the formation of partial functional activities within the framework of individual structure-functional domains using a set of N-terminal fragments of various length is discussed.
Functional up-converting SrTiO3:Er3+/Yb3+ nanoparticles: structural features, particle size, colour tuning and in vitro RBC cytotoxicity (2015)

SrTiO3 nanoparticles co-doped with a broad concentration range of Er(3+) and Yb(3+) ions were fabricated using the citric route as a function of annealing temperatures of 500-1000 °C. The effect of a broad co-dopant concentration range and sintering temperature on structural and up-conversion properties was investigated in detail by X-ray diffraction techniques and optical spectroscopy. The TEM technique was used to estimate the mean particle size, which was around 30 nm for the inorganic product annealed at 600 °C. Up-conversion emission color tuning was achieved by particle size control. Power dependence of the green and red emissions was found to be a result of temperature determination in the operating range of SrTiO3 nanoparticles and a candidate for the fast and local microscopic heating and heat release induced by IR irradiation. The color changed from white-red-yellow-green upon an increase of sintering temperature, inducing changes in the surface-to-volume ratio and the number of optically active ions in particle surface regions. The cytotoxic activity of nanoparticles on human red blood cells was investigated, showing no harmful effects up to a particle concentration of 0.1 mg ml(-1). The cytotoxic response of a colloidal suspension of nanoparticles to RBC cells was connected with the strong affinity of SrTiO3 particles to the cell membranes, blocking the transport of important biological solutes.
Evolution and the Change in Electromagnetic State (1996)

We suggest that a single field vector Φ be used to characterize a living organism, where Φ is the electromagnetic field due to the time-varying electric charge distribution within the organism. This representation has interesting advantages over the traditional biological description universally given in terms of visible characteristics. The H field is easily generalized to include species, and it leads naturally to a novel biological concept, that of the “supergenome,” covering all life as a whole. It is also consistent with an operational definition of the interaction between environment and genome, resulting in an alternate way of thinking about the evolutionary process. In this view, the meaning of environment is widened to include natural selection, and evolution is regarded as little more than the accommodation of living things to physical laws.
Hertel Exophthalmometry Without Orbital Rim Contact (1995)

Background: The Hertel exophthalmometer is the most widely used instrument for the measurement of globe malposition, but an absent or damaged lateral orbital rim will preclude its application. To circumvent this shortcoming, the authors have developed a fixation adapter that attaches to a standard Hertel instrument and transfers fixation to the forehead and nasion from the lateral orbit. Methods: The adapter design is presented and discussed, along with illustrative clinical cases. A study of 30 healthy patients was performed to assess the validity of the adapter with respect to the Hertel standard. The agreement was then evaluated by comparing the Hertel adapter measurements from each patient with that of the adapter. A Wilcoxon statistic was performed to assess differences in the paired values from each patient for both techniques. Results: Analysis on a sample (n = 30) of a healthy adult population does not show a statistical difference between the Hertel adapter and the adapter data ( P > 0.05). In addition, more than 90% of the differences fall within ±1 mm (standard deviation=1.02 mm) of the means for both eyes, which is within the accepted variance for the Hertel instrument. Conclusion: The new fixation adapter promises to become useful in assessing trauma and surgical cases where the lateral orbital rim has been violated and will expand the application of Hertel exophthalmometry to these situations.
Theoretical model of restriction endonuclease HpaI in complex with DNA, predicted by fold recognition and validated by site‐directed mutagenesis (2006)

Type II restriction enzymes are commercially important deoxyribonucleases and very attractive targets for protein engineering of new specificities. At the same time they are a very challenging test bed for protein structure prediction methods. Typically, enzymes that recognize different sequences show little or no amino acid sequence similarity to each other and to other proteins. Based on crystallographic analyses that revealed the same PD-(D/E)XK fold for more than a dozen case studies, they were nevertheless considered to be related until the combination of bioinformatics and mutational analyses has demonstrated that some of these proteins belong to other, unrelated folds PLD, HNH, and GIY-YIG. As a part of a large-scale project aiming at identification of a three-dimensional fold for all type II REases with known sequences (currently approximately 1000 proteins), we carried out preliminary structure prediction and selected candidates for experimental validation. Here, we present the analysis of HpaI REase, an ORFan with no detectable homologs, for which we detected a structural template by protein fold recognition, constructed a model using the FRankenstein monster approach and identified a number of residues important for the DNA binding and catalysis. These predictions were confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis and in vitro analysis of the mutant proteins. The experimentally validated model of HpaI will serve as a low-resolution structural platform for evolutionary considerations in the subgroup of blunt-cutting REases with different specificities. The research protocol developed in the course of this work represents a streamlined version of the previously used techniques and can be used in a high-throughput fashion to build and validate models for other enzymes, especially ORFans that exhibit no sequence similarity to any other protein in the database.
Selective Cytotoxicity of Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors to Human Cancer Cells Under Hypoxia and Nutrient-Deprived Conditions (2018)

Human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (HsDHODH) is a key enzyme of pyrimidine <i>de novo</i> biosynthesis pathway. It is located on the mitochondrial inner membrane and contributes to the respiratory chain by shuttling electrons to the ubiquinone pool. We have discovered ascofuranone (<b>1</b>), a natural compound produced by <i>Acremonium sclerotigenum</i>, and its derivatives are a potent class of HsDHODH inhibitors. We conducted a structure-activity relationship study and have identified functional groups of <b>1</b> that are essential for the inhibition of HsDHODH enzymatic activity. Furthermore, the binding mode of <b>1</b> and its derivatives to HsDHODH was demonstrated by co-crystallographic analysis and we show that these inhibitors bind at the ubiquinone binding site. In addition, the cytotoxicities of <b>1</b> and its potent derivatives <b>7</b>, <b>8</b>, and <b>9</b> were studied using human cultured cancer cells. Interestingly, they showed selective and strong cytotoxicity to cancer cells cultured under microenvironment (hypoxia and nutrient-deprived) conditions. The selectivity ratio of <b>8</b> under this microenvironment show the most potent inhibition which was over 1000-fold higher compared to that under normal culture condition. Our studies suggest that under microenvironment conditions, cancer cells heavily depend on the pyrimidine <i>de novo</i> biosynthesis pathway. We also provide the first evidence that <b>1</b> and its derivatives are potential lead candidates for drug development which target the HsDHODH of cancer cells living under a tumor microenvironment.
Crack-speed relations inferred from large single-edge notched specimens of a 533 B steel (1994)

A relationship between instantaneous crack-tip velocity {dot a}, dynamic stress-intensity factor K{sub I}, and temperature T for A 533 B steel is estimated using dynamic crack position us time data measured in a series of very large-scale crack-arrest tests. The corresponding dynamic stress intensity us time history and the dynamic-arrest toughness for each test are obtained from generation-mode elastodynamic analyses based on cubic polynomial fits to elastodynamic analytical predictions based on the proposed {dot a}-K{sub I}-T relation are within 7% of experimentally measured arrested crack lengths and within 50% of measured arrest times. These predictions within 50% of measured arrest times. These predictions represent significant improvements over results obtained using previous preliminary estimates of the {dot a}-K{sub I}-T relation for A 533 B steel. The influence of nonlinear material behavior on the results is also evaluated.
Digital holography of total internal reflection to image cell/substrate contacts (2017)

Looking at the interfaces is very important for many biological and chemical applications: from the imaging of thin polymeric films to the study of cell/substrate interactions. Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (TIRF) and Surface Plasmon Resonance imaging (SPRi) are usually the techniques of choice when high sensitivity of measurement is required. They yield information about few hundreds of nanometers from the contact surface and had proven themselves as a good tool for the characterization of thin films, cellular focal adhesions and biomolecular binding events. Moreover, they can be used either to excite fluorescent markers or in a label-free fashion. Digital Holography (DH) in microscope configuration is already a common tool to image microstructures and biological systems because of its excellent approach in obtaining intensity and quantitative phase information on a light-wave. In particular, prism-based configurations have been used to combine easily DH with total internal reflection (TIR) and SPRi [1-3]. Unfortunately, the physical constraint of the prism limits both the numerical aperture (NA) and magnification of an imaging system. Hence, it yields a poor spatial resolution compared to that achievable with optical microscopy. Moreover, resolution in prism-based imaging is mainly governed by geometrical aberrations, which distort images and, moreover, the prism limits the compatibility with conventional microscopes [4].
Catalytic hydrogenation of vegetable oils: II. The activity of the prereduced copper chromite catalyst (1982)

Abstract The prereduction of copper chromite with hydrogen produces a strong deactivation of catalyst in soybean oil hydrogenation at 200 C and 6 atm. ESCA studies and kinetic data show that the decrement of the activity is correlated to the disappearance of Cu″ and Cu′ species and to the decrement of Cu/Cr ratio on the catalyst surface. The comparison of activity between original and prereduced catalysts allows a better elucidation of the role of Cu′ in promoting the double bond conjugation and of Cu° in catalyzing the conjugated double bond hydrogenation.
Comparative effectiveness of augmented reality in object assembly (2003)

Although there has been much speculation about the potential of Augmented Reality (AR), there are very few empirical studies about its effectiveness. This paper describes an experiment that tested the relative effectiveness of AR instructions in an assembly task. Task information was displayed in user's field of view and registered with the workspace as 3D objects to explicitly demonstrate the exact execution of a procedure step. Three instructional media were compared with the AR system: a printed manual, computer assisted instruction (CAI) using a monitor-based display, and CAI utilizing a head-mounted display. Results indicate that overlaying 3D instructions on the actual work pieces reduced the error rate for an assembly task by 82%, particularly diminishing cumulative errors - errors due to previous assembly mistakes. Measurement of mental effort indicated decreased mental effort in the AR condition, suggesting some of the mental calculation of the assembly task is offloaded to the system.
<title>Evaluation of HFC reliability for full broadband services</title> (1995)

This paper presents key results from hybrid fiber-coax (HFC) network reliability modeling. The primary objectives are to provide in-depth evaluation of HFC reliability, analyze impacts from individual network elements, and discuss the implications of the results. The scope of the study includes traditional CATV, telephony/data, and video dial tone (VDT) services on HFC.
Calculation of viscoelastic bead–rod flow mediated by a homogenised kinetic scale with holonomic constraints (2012)

We present a new multiscale model for complex fluids based on three scales: microscopic, kinetic and continuum. We choose the microscopic level as Kramers' bead–rod model for polymers, which we describe as a system of stochastic differential equations with an implicit constraint formulation. The associated Fokker–Planck equation is then derived, and adiabatic elimination removes the fast momentum coordinates. Approached in this way, the kinetic level reduces to a dispersive drift equation. The continuum level is modelled with a finite volume Godunov-projection algorithm. We demonstrate the computation of viscoelastic stress divergence using this multiscale approach.
Security Enhancement of Robust Anonymous Two-Factor Authenticated Key Exchange Scheme for Mobile Client-Server Environment (2016)

Recently Lu et al. proposed a modified anonymous two-factor authenticated key exchange protocol to eliminate the security weaknesses of Xie et al.'s scheme. They hence claimed that their scheme is immune to possible well-known attacks. However, we found that Lu et al.'s protocol is still insecure against the outsider attack, user impersonation attack, and off-line password guessing attack. To overcome these vulnerabilities, we propose an enhanced authentication with key-agreement protocol which is based on fuzzy extractor for mobile client-server environment. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the proposed authentication protocol has strong resistance to various well-known attacks. Finally, we compare the performance and functionality of the proposed scheme of the proposed scheme with other related schemes.
Serum Haptoglobin in Rabbits after Subcutaneous Injection of Freund's Adjuvant or Turpentine. (1962)

The concentration of serum haptoglobin in normal and stimulated rabbits was studied. Hyperhaptoglobinemia could be produced by both single and multiple subcutaneous injections of turpentine; multiple injections resulted in more striking and longer lasting hyperhaptoglobinemia. Single or multiple subcutaneous injections of Freund's adjuvant caused no significant elevation of the serum haptoglobin concentration.
Rechtspositie en loonvoorwaarden van doctoraatsbursalen (2009)

Een groot deel van de doctoraatsstudenten aan Vlaamse universiteiten wordt aangeworven op basis van een beursovereenkomst (en niet op basis van een arbeidsovereenkomst). De verschillende beursstelsels worden onderling vergeleken, onder andere op vlak van loonvoorwaarden, die sterk blijken te verschillen. Recente initiatieven ter harmonisering van de beursbedragen worden besproken, zoals de petitie "Gelijk loon voor gelijk werk". Enkele belangrijke gevolgen van het beurs-systeem worden overlopen: de gevolgen voor de bursaal en voor de werkgever, alsmede de impact op het hoger onderwijs. Hoewel bursalen in de praktijk hetzelfde werk doen als hun collega's met een arbeidsovereenkomst, worden ze niet als werknemers beschouwd in het kader van de sociale verkiezingen. Bursalen hebben daardoor geen stemrecht bij sociale verkiezingen en kunnen zich ook niet kandidaat stellen als syndicaal afgevaardigde. Rond deze kwestie zijn recentelijk iniatieven ondernomen vanuit de vakbonden. Tenslotte worden enkele concrete beleidsvoorstellen geformuleerd ter verbetering van de rechtspositie en loonvoorwaarden van bursalen.
Human Plasma-derived Polymeric IgA and IgM Antibodies Associate with Secretory Component to Yield Biologically Active Secretory-like Antibodies (2012)

Immunotherapy with monoclonal and polyclonal immunoglobulin is successfully applied to improve many clinical conditions, including infection, autoimmune diseases, or immunodeficiency. Most immunoglobulin products, recombinant or plasma-derived, are based on IgG antibodies, whereas to date, the use of IgA for therapeutic application has remained anecdotal. In particular, purification or production of large quantities of secretory IgA (SIgA) for potential mucosal application has not been achieved. In this work, we sought to investigate whether polymeric IgA (pIgA) recovered from human plasma is able to associate with secretory component (SC) to generate SIgA-like molecules. We found that ∼15% of plasma pIgA carried J chain and displayed selective SC binding capacity either in a mixture with monomeric IgA (mIgA) or after purification. The recombinant SC associated covalently in a 1:1 stoichiometry with pIgA and with similar efficacy as colostrum-derived SC. In comparison with pIgA, the association with SC delayed degradation of SIgA by intestinal proteases. Similar results were obtained with plasma-derived IgM. In vitro, plasma-derived IgA and SIgA neutralized Shigella flexneri used as a model pathogen, resulting in a delay of bacteria-induced damage targeted to polarized Caco-2 cell monolayers. The sum of these novel data demonstrates that association of plasma-derived IgA or IgM with recombinant/colostrum-derived SC is feasible and yields SIgA- and SIgM-like molecules with similar biochemical and functional characteristics as mucosa-derived immunoglobulins.
Switchable Faraday rotation by artificial electric gyrotropy in a slot-ring metamaterial structure (2013)

A switchable electric magnet-less non-reciprocal metamaterial (E-MNM) is proposed. This E-MNM uses antisymmetric FET-pair isolating loads along its ring particles, whose traveling-wave direction, and hence the direction of gyrotropy, can be reversed by switching the biasing voltages of the FET-pair circuit. The resulting electrostatically reversible Faraday rotation across an E-MNM screen is demonstrated experimentally.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical Protocol for the Synthesis of 3‐Hydroxy‐4,5‐Disubstituted Pyridine Derivatives from Acyclic Compounds. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Research on Grid-based Abnormal Behavior Identification Method of Ships (2021)

To realize the identification of abnormal behaviors of ships, a grid-based method for identifying abnormal behaviors of ships based on the speed, course, and position data collected in a fixed time window is proposed. The density-based clustering algorithm is used to cluster the historical ship position data, realize the classification of the channel type and construct its grid parameter model. For the speed and course data after the mean value normalization and Box-Cox transformation, the parameter estimation method is used to identify the abnormal speed and heading. The ray method and density-based outlier detection algorithm are used to realize the identification of ships entering and exiting the detection waters and abnormal locations respectively. Taking the ship data downstream of Gezhouba as an example, the above method was tested and verified. The results show that the grid parameter model is suitable for the detection and identification of abnormal behavior of inland watercraft. Based on this model, the abnormal state of the ship's speed, course and position can be effectively identified, and the abnormal behavior of the ship can be accurately judged. The research results can provide technical support for inland watercraft navigation risk analysis, and forecasting and early warning.
Numerical modelling and characterization of the microwave breakdown in OMUX filters (2015)

This paper deals with the microwave breakdown phenomenon that can appear in output multiplexer filters for telecommunications satellites. In order to model this phenomenon a multidisciplinary approach with a combination of three fields of science was used: electromagnetism, thermal transfer theory and plasma physics. In this article we resume the theoretical study and we present our experimental validation.
Nocardia huaxiensis sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from human skin (2021)

A novel actinomycete, designated as strain WCH-YHL-001<sup>T</sup>, was isolated from skin biopsy specimens of a patient at West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, PR China. The cells were Gram-positive, aerobic, heterotrophic and non-motile. They formed an extensive substrate with short aerial mycelia, whose branches fragmented into rod-shaped elements. Growth occurred at 10-40 °C, pH 5.0-12.0 and with NaCl concentrations of 0-4.0 % (w/v). The major cellular fatty acids of strain WCH-YHL-001<sup>T</sup> were C<sub>16 : 0</sub>, C<sub>18 : 1</sub> <i> ω</i>9<i>c</i>, C<sub>18 : 0</sub> 10-methyl and summed feature 3. The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-8 (H4<i>ω</i>-cycl). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside, unknown phospholipids and unidentified glycolipids. The diagnostic diamino acid of peptidoglycan was <i>meso</i>-diaminopimelic acid. The whole-cell sugar pattern consisted of arabinose and glucose. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain WCH-YHL-001<sup>T</sup> belonged to the genus <i>Nocardia</i>. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and <i>in silico</i> DNA-DNA hybridization (<i>is</i>DDH) values between strain WCH-YHL-001<sup>T</sup> and type strains of <i>Nocardia</i> species were lower than the cut-offs (≥95-96 % for ANI and ≥70 % for <i>is</i>DDH) required to define a bacterial species. The genomic DNA G+C content was 67.8 mol%. Phylogenetic, physiological and chemotaxonomic data suggested that strain WCH-YHL-001<sup>T</sup> represented a novel species of the genus <i>Nocardia</i>, for which the name <i>Nocardia huaxiensis</i> sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain WCH-YHL-001<sup>T</sup> (=GDMCC 4.181<sup>T</sup>=JCM 34475 <sup>T</sup>=NBRC 114973<sup>T</sup>).