gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phytophthora capsici in the eastern USA. (2013)

Phytophthora capsici was first documented in the eastern USA in Florida in 1931 and was subsequently reported in New York in 1935, New Jersey around 1970, South Carolina in 1994, Michigan in 1997 and Illinois in 1999. The host range, epidemiology in the eastern USA, isolating from plant tissue, water and soil, variation in morphology and virulence within P. capsici, genetic diversity and population dynamics, disease management, and future prospects on P. capsici are discussed.
Porosity depth profiling of thin porous silicon layers by use of variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry: a porosity graded-layer model (1998)

Variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry was used to determine nondestructively the porosity depth profile and thickness of thin porous silicon layers produced by anodization of p(+)-doped silicon wafers. A porosity graded-layer model is presented and used in the analysis of the material. In the porosity graded-layer model an inhomogeneous layer is built up by several thin sublayers with the porosity changing slightly from one sublayer to the next. Results from the ellipsometry analysis and from transmission electron microscopy reveal inhomogeneous layers whose porosity and thereby optical properties change with their depth in the layers.
Graphical displays for latent class clusters and latent class factor models (2000)

Statistical Innovations Inc., P.O. Box 1, Belmont, MA 02478, USAKeywords. latent class analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, mixture models,categorical data, graphical displays, bi-plot, tri-plot, statistical softwareLatent class (LC) analysis is becoming one of the standard data analysis toolsin social, biomedical, and marketing research. This paper discusses two differentforms of (exploratory) LC analysis which are implemented in a new computerprogram called Latent GOLD
Ejection of methylene from adsorbed diazirine into the gas phase (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEjection of methylene from adsorbed diazirine into the gas phaseS. Serghini Monim and P. H. McBreenCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 6, 2704–2707Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100185a055https://doi.org/10.1021/j100185a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views44Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
An Integrated Numerical and Mineralogical Study of a High Pressure High Temperature Well (2018)

Predicting drilling risks in advance is a major challenge in areas that lack drilling experience, and even when information from offset wells is available. Large overpressure was found at TD of an offshore exploratory well drilled mainly through shale. None of the other two previously drilled offset wells in the area had shown any sign of such a high overpressure. This study presents two complementary approaches to gain insight on the overpressure generation mechanisms. The effect of chemical compaction is first evaluated in terms of well cuttings analysis, including sample washing, high-resolution photo catalog, automated mineralogy and X-ray diffraction clay mineralogy analysis. The obtained mineralogical results confirm the presence of the dehydration diagenetic process involving the transformation of smectite to illite. Consequently, a numerical model is presented which combines the effect of mechanical and chemical compaction to predict pore pressure values very close to the overpressure observed during drilling. The model reproduces the depositional history of the lithological column by coupling mechanical and chemical compaction with fluid flow over geological time, and it allows predicting stress, porosity and pore pressure evolution at different geological ages. Calibration and verification of the results of the pore pressure model is done by comparison to drilling experience and logs (post-drill pore pressure profile, geology tops and density/porosity logs).
A -Aminobutyric AcidB Agonist Reverses the Negative Feedback Effect of Testosterone on Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in the Male Sheep (2000)

Infusion of baclofen, a GABAB agonist, into the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) of castrated rams rapidly increases LH pulse amplitude without altering pulse frequency. The objectives of this study were to determine whether baclofen infusion increased LH in testosterone (T)-treated and intact rams, the increased LH was due to increased GnRH release, and FSH secretion also was increased. In the first experiment we tested the main effects and interaction of baclofen and T on FSH and LH pulse patterns in castrated rams (n = 7). In the second experiment we determined whether baclofen affected GnRH and LH pulses in intact males. Microdialysis guide cannulae were implanted bilaterally into the MBH. After recovery of the animal from surgery, the MBH was perfused using concentric microdialysis probes (2-mm tip) with artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) for a 3-h control period followed by either aCSF or 1 mm baclofen for 4 h. Blood samples were taken at 10-min intervals. T suppressed mean LH concentrations (10.4 ± 1.3 vs. 3.3 ± 1.3 ng/ml) such that LH pulses were undetectable in some T-treated animals during the control period. The change (control period vs. drug infusion period) in mean LH was greater in response to baclofen than in response to aCSF and was not altered by T. The baclofen × T interaction was nonsignificant. Mean FSH was decreased by T, but was not altered by baclofen. In the second experiment hypophyseal portal blood was collected coincident with microdialysis. Infusion of baclofen into the MBH of intact males (n = 7) resulted within 1 h in the onset of frequent and robust GnRH pulses (0.10/h before baclofen vs. 1.57/h after baclofen) that were followed either immediately or gradually by coincident LH pulses. One interpretation is that baclofen acts downstream of the site of action of T. GABAB receptors may regulate pulse amplitude in both the presence and absence of T and regulate pulse frequency by modulating the inhibitory effect of T.
Ab initio molecular orbital calculations on H2NPH2. The stereochemistry at nitrogen (1972)

I. G. Csizmadia, A. H. Cowley, M. W. Taylor, L. M. Tel and S. Wolfe, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1972, 1147 DOI: 10.1039/C39720001147
The detection and investigation of poly line leakage by electron-beam inspection (2018)

The study aims at the inline detection of invisible defects of poly line leakage. The defect was induced by extreme tiny residue at the bottom of the poly line of the SiGe loop process. A novel electron beam (E-beam) scan method was developed. And with voltage contrast (VC) inspection of E-beam, poly line leakage with bright VC (BVC) was detected just post SiGe deposition (DEP) nitride (SIN) hard mask (HM) remove (RM). The failure model of tiny SiGe residue was setup and established. The impacted factors of the defect were also discussed, including spacer SIN and SiGe HM SiN thickness, the step height of the AA and STI, the OX loss induced by SiGe ETCH clean/SiGe DEP pre-clean even the wet strip of low dose drain (LDD) implantation (IMP) loop. The corresponding improvement actions including controlling OX loss, increasing the thickness of SiGe SIN HM and reducing the step height of AA and STI were executed. The poly line BVC defects obviously trended low accordingly.
On the TEM and AFM Evidence of Zeosil Nanoslabs Present during the Synthesis of Silicalite‐1 (2004)

Nanoblöcke (1). Eine mechanistische Untersuchung der Bildung von Tetrapropylammonium(TPA)silicalit-1 durch TEM und Kraftfeldmikroskopie (AFM) ist nicht konsistent mit dem von J. A. Martens et al. beschriebenen Auftreten von Nanoblöcken.
Stereoselective Enol Tosylation:  Preparation of Trisubstituted α,β-Unsaturated Esters (2004)

[Reaction: see text] The stereoselective preparation of (E)- or (Z)-trisubstituted alpha,beta-unsaturated esters in three steps from N-protected glycine is presented. The key step in the synthesis is the highly selective enol tosylation of gamma-amino beta-keto esters. The enol tosylates are stable, crystalline compounds that undergo smooth and effective Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction with a variety of aryl boronic acids.
Directional correlation between the primary particle and ejected molecular ions in electronic sputtering of large organic molecules (1989)

Fission fragments from a $^{252}\mathrm{Cf}$ source and 72-MeV $^{127}\mathrm{I}$ ions from an EN-tandem accelerator have been used to sputter secondary ions electronically from samples of biomolecules such as bovine insulin (5733 u). It is found that intact molecular ions of insulin are ejected from the surface at an angle which correlates with the incident ion direction. This study shows that from the ionized cylindrical region produced by the passage of a fast ion there is a direct radial momentum transfer, i.e., a nondiffusive process, which ejects large molecular ions.
Associação entre polimorfismo SLC6A3 3’UTR VNTR e a resposta ao tratamento da dependência de nicotina (2011)

Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre a resposta ao tratamento da dependência de nicotina com bupropiona e a presença do polimorfismo SLC6A3 3’UTR VNTR, localizado no gene que codifica o transportador dopaminérgico. Método: Foram acompanhados no Ambulatório de Tabagismo do Instituto de Psiquiatria da Faculdade de Medicina da USP 100 pacientes do sexo masculino com diagnóstico de dependência de nicotina, sem outras patologias. Todos receberam bupropiona até 300 mg ao dia por 12 semanas, associada à terapia cognitivo-comportamental em grupo. A Escala de Fagerström foi aplicada no início e no final do tratamento, e avaliou-se a parada do uso de cigarros na última semana de tratamento e um mês após. Os pacientes tiveram 10 ml de sangue colhidos e genotipados para a existência do polimorfismo SLC6A3 3’UTR VNTR. Resultados: Não foi encontrada associação entre cessação do uso de cigarro e presença do polimorfismo. Conclusão: São necessários mais estudos para avaliar se a presença do polimorfismo SLC6A3 3’UTR VNTR estaria relacionada à melhor resposta ao tratamento da dependência de nicotina.
Ambulatory Assessment of Ankle and Foot Dynamics (2007)

Ground reaction force (GRF) measurement is important in the analysis of human body movements. The main drawback of the existing measurement systems is the restriction to a laboratory environment. This paper proposes an ambulatory system for assessing the dynamics of ankle and foot, which integrates the measurement of the GRF with the measurement of human body movement. The GRF and the center of pressure (CoP) are measured using two six-degrees-of-freedom force sensors mounted beneath the shoe. The movement of foot and lower leg is measured using three miniature inertial sensors, two rigidly attached to the shoe and one on the lower leg. The proposed system is validated using a force plate and an optical position measurement system as a reference. The results show good correspondence between both measurement systems, except for the ankle power estimation. The root mean square (RMS) difference of the magnitude of the GRF over 10 evaluated trials was (0.012 +/- 0.001) N/N (mean +/- standard deviation), being (1.1 +/- 0.1)% of the maximal GRF magnitude. It should be noted that the forces, moments, and powers are normalized with respect to body weight. The CoP estimation using both methods shows good correspondence, as indicated by the RMS difference of (5.1 +/- 0.7) mm, corresponding to (1.7 +/- 0.3)% of the length of the shoe. The RMS difference between the magnitudes of the heel position estimates was calculated as (18 +/- 6) mm, being (1.4 +/- 0.5)% of the maximal magnitude. The ankle moment RMS difference was (0.004 +/- 0.001) Nm/N, being (2.3 +/- 0.5)% of the maximal magnitude. Finally, the RMS difference of the estimated power at the ankle was (0.02 +/- 0.005) W/N, being (14 +/- 5)% of the maximal power. This power difference is caused by an inaccurate estimation of the angular velocities using the optical reference measurement system, which is due to considering the foot as a single segment. The ambulatory system considers separate heel and forefoot segments, thus allowing an additional foot moment and power to be estimated. Based on the results of this research, it is concluded that the combination of the instrumented shoe and inertial sensing is a promising tool for the assessment of the dynamics of foot and ankle in an ambulatory setting.
Simultaneous pulse wave and flow estimation at high-framerate using plane wave and transverse oscillation on carotid phantom (2017)

In this paper a global estimation method based on transverse oscillation to simultaneously extract wall and flow velocities at high-framerate is presented. Several carotid phantoms with various parameters were made to validate the method. All acquisitions were performed at high-framerate (7 500 images per second) using horizontal plane wave with a 3 cycles sinusoidal transmit pulse. Transverse oscillation was introduced in post-acquisition. Finally, velocity vectors were extracted thanks to a phase based estimator with a region of interest of 2 mm (8 axial wavelengths) per 2.96 mm (2 lateral wavelengths) for each pixel. Results are promising, all standard deviations are lower than 10 % and the method is now validated for a deeper study. Indeed, flow and pulse wave velocities computed by the algorithm are in accordance with pressure columns and number of freezethaw cycles.
Continuous Wave Photon Upconversion from aCopper Selenide Nanocrystal Film (2023)

Photon upconversion is of great interest for improving the efficiency of silicon photovoltaic cells, for biological imaging, and for thermal management strategies. Currently, the vast majority of materials being developed for solar upconversion are composed of rare and expensive elemental compounds. Moving forward, the development of earth abundant, non-toxic materials that efficiently convert near infrared light into visible light would be ideal. Copper selenide-based materials meet these criteria, and are of great interest due to their unique thermoelectric and plasmonic properties. In particular, doped copper selenides (Cu2−xSe) have tunable near infrared localized surface plasmon resonances, large Seebeck coefficients, and low thermal conductivity, with a range of chemical and thermoelectric applications. Here, we observe another interesting application of this material in the upconversion of near infrared light from a silica xerogel film containing degenerately doped Cu2−xSe nanocrystals, with an onset flux of ∼ 1.96 ± 0.29 kW/cm^2 and at least 1% quantum yield. Our investigations suggest a plasmon-driven thermal mechanism likely plays a role in this upconversion process.
A New Configurable Decimation Filter Using Pascal-S Triangle Theorem (2011)

This paper presents a new configurable decimation filter for sigma-delta modulators. The filter employs the Pascal-s triangle-s theorem for building the coefficients of non-recursive decimation filters. The filter can be connected to the back-end of various modulators with different output accuracy. In this work two methods are shown and then compared from area occupation viewpoint. First method uses the memory and the second one employs Pascal-s triangle-s method, aiming to reduce required gates. XILINX ISE v10 is used for implementation and confirmation the filter.
ChemInform Abstract: Lone Pair Effect, Structural Distortions, and Potential for Superconductivity in Tl Perovskites. (2013)

Abstract Potential new superconductors of the type MTlX 3 (M: Rb, Cs; X: F, Cl, Br) are characterized by DFT band structure calculations.
An Autonomous Vault-Building Robot System for Creating Spanning Structures (2021)

Research in autonomous robots for construction has largely focused on ground-based robots whose reach constrains the size of what they can build, or on climbing or aerial robots that build solid or unroofed structures. Autonomous construction of larger, multistory buildings, or bridges spanning unsupported distances, would require robots that build sturdy structures supporting their own weight. In this paper, we present VaultBot, a system of autonomous robots that build a load-bearing spanning vault using identical modular blocks. The custom blocks employ mechanical and other features to facilitate robotic manipulation and locomotion, and can be removed from and replaced in an assembled structure as a way of repairing damage. We characterize the system's performance and failure modes, and demonstrate reliable autonomous assembly for a structure composed of 46 blocks. Blocks can be made collapsible and deployable as a way of reducing mass and volume that must be transported to a construction site. Such a system could be used to help enable construction of protective shelters in challenging environments, such as disaster relief scenarios, arctic settings, or extraterrestrial habitats.
Corrosion Damage Quantification of Prestressing Strands Using Acoustic Emission (2012)

Steel degradation due to corrosion in prestressed concrete bridges has been of major concern as it presents a threat to the integrity of structures adjacent to marine environments or where deicing salts are regularly used. To assess the potential for monitoring of the corrosion process, an accelerated corrosion testing program has been conducted. A series of specimens with dimensions 114×114×508 mm (4.5×4.5×20 in.) were subjected to constant potential application through the embedded steel strand while being continuously monitored with acoustic emission (AE). Depassivation of the strand was detected by monitoring the fluctuations in applied anodic current. Half-cell potential measurements assessed the probability of corrosion, and all results obtained were compared to acoustic emission data. The mass loss of the corroded strands was correlated to acoustic emission intensity analysis to quantify the degree of damage. Results show that acoustic emission is as sensitive as half-cell potential for detecting the presence of corrosion and may be used to effectively locate corroded areas. The intensity analysis proved useful for categorizing the level of damage, making it a strong candidate for structural prognosis.
Proteomic profiling of urinary proteins in renal cancer by surface enhanced laser desorption ionization and neural-network analysis: identification of key issues affecting potential clinical utility. (2003)

Recent advances in proteomic profiling technologies, such as surface enhanced laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry, have allowed preliminary profiling and identification of tumor markers in biological fluids in several cancer types and establishment of clinically useful diagnostic computational models. There are currently no routinely used circulating tumor markers for renal cancer, which is often detected incidentally and is frequently advanced at the time of presentation with over half of patients having local or distant tumor spread. We have investigated the clinical utility of surface enhanced laser desorption ionization profiling of urine samples in conjunction with neural-network analysis to either detect renal cancer or to identify proteins of potential use as markers, using samples from a total of 218 individuals, and examined critical technical factors affecting the potential utility of this approach. Samples from patients before undergoing nephrectomy for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC; n = 48), normal volunteers (n = 38), and outpatients attending with benign diseases of the urogenital tract (n = 20) were used to successfully train neural-network models based on either presence/absence of peaks or peak intensity values, resulting in sensitivity and specificity values of 98.3-100%. Using an initial "blind" group of samples from 12 patients with RCC, 11 healthy controls, and 9 patients with benign diseases to test the models, sensitivities and specificities of 81.8-83.3% were achieved. The robustness of the approach was subsequently evaluated with a group of 80 samples analyzed "blind" 10 months later, (36 patients with RCC, 31 healthy volunteers, and 13 patients with benign urological conditions). However, sensitivities and specificities declined markedly, ranging from 41.0% to 76.6%. Possible contributing factors including sample stability, changing laser performance, and chip variability were examined, which may be important for the long-term robustness of such approaches, and this study highlights the need for rigorous evaluation of such factors in future studies.
The −202 A Allele of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 (IGFBP3) Promoter Polymorphism Is Associated with Higher IGFBP-3 Serum Levels and Better Growth Response to Growth Hormone Treatment in Patients with Severe Growth Hormone Deficiency (2008)

The -202 A allele of IGFBP3 promoter region is associated with increased IGFBP-3 levels and GV during rhGH treatment in prepubertal GHD children.
Safety assessment of the process rPET Aviv Shalam, based on the Starlinger iV+ technology, used to recycle post‐consumer PET into food contact materials (2022)

The EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP) assessed the safety of the recycling process rPET Aviv Shalam (EU register number RECYC263), which uses the Starlinger iV+ technology. The input is hot caustic washed and dried poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) flakes mainly originating from collected post-consumer PET containers, with no more than 5% PET from non-food consumer applications. The flakes are dried and crystallised in a first reactor, then extruded into pellets. These pellets are crystallised, preheated and treated in a solid-state polycondensation (SSP) reactor. Having examined the challenge test provided, the Panel concluded that the drying and crystallisation (step 2), extrusion and crystallisation (step 3) and SSP (step 4) are critical in determining the decontamination efficiency of the process. The operating parameters to control the performance of these critical steps are temperature, air/PET ratio and residence time for the drying and crystallisation step, and temperature, pressure and residence time for the extrusion and crystallisation step, as well as the SSP step. It was demonstrated that this recycling process is able to ensure that the level of migration of potential unknown contaminants into food is below the conservatively modelled migration of 0.1 μg/kg food. Therefore, the Panel concluded that the recycled PET obtained from this process is not of safety concern when used at up to 100% for the manufacture of materials and articles for contact with all types of foodstuffs, including drinking water, for long-term storage at room temperature, with or without hotfill. The final articles made of this recycled PET are not intended to be used in microwave and conventional ovens and such uses are not covered by this evaluation.