gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PROCESSOS DE CORROSÃO POR PLASMA DE VIDRO ÓPTICO PARA FABRICAÇÃO DE ELEMENTOS ÓPTICOS DIFRATIVOS (2007)

In this work is being presented the development of diffractive optic elements (DOEs) with complete modulation (phase and amplitude) in optic glass. The study of the processes of corrosion of the optic glass substrate was made with CF 4 plasmas to find an optimized process of devices production. The intention of the optimization is to produce diffractive optic elements that generate images without imperfections, presenting better optic quality and bigger income. The optic glasses had low cost and, because that, they are a good option to the standard materials used in difractive microlenses and elements. Such glasses present diverse characteristics physical/chemical that become them excellent candidates as structural material in diffractive devices; they are chemicaly inert, transparent in the region that in such a way encloses visible how the infra-red and they are thermal insulators, however they present problems of corrosion due the metallic contamina-tion.
The receptor for yolk lipoprotein deposition in the chicken oocyte. (1991)

The final rapid growth phase of the chicken oocyte is characterized by massive uptake of hepatically synthesized yolk precursor proteins from the plasma. The two major yolk-forming components, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and vitellogenin (VTG), have been shown to interact with a 95-kDa protein present in detergent extracts of ovarian membranes; this protein is absent in hens of a mutant nonlaying chicken strain (Nimpf, J., Radosavljevic, M., and Schneider, W. J. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 1393-1398). Here, we have purified the 95-kDa protein by ligand and immunoaffinity chromatography and demonstrated its role in receptor-mediated endocytosis by ultrastructural immunolocalization, structural, and functional studies. The receptor was visualized exclusively in the oocyte proper and was absent from somatic cells, in agreement with the previously reported expression of two different lipoprotein receptors in somatic cells and oocytes, respectively, of laying hens (Hayashi, K., Nimpf, J., and Schneider, W. J. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 3131-3139). Amino acid sequences of tryptic fragments of the oocyte receptor were obtained, and its kinship to somatic low density lipoprotein receptors was confirmed through the demonstration of sequence conservation in three characteristic domains. In particular, the chicken receptor's internalization sequence, Phe-Asp-Asn-Pro-Val-Tyr, is identical with that in low density lipoprotein receptors from mammals as well as Xenopus laevis. The ligand-binding properties, specificity, and kinetic parameters of the oocyte receptor were characterized in filtration assays employing pure ligands and receptor. In conjunction with ligand-blotting experiments following limited protease digestion of the receptor, the binding assay data suggest that VTG recognizes a substructure of the VLDL-binding site. These studies establish that a cell-specific receptor mediates the endocytosis of VTG and VLDL into growing chicken oocytes and thus possibly plays a key role in control of oocyte growth.
Methodology to Identify the Unsteady Flow Field Associated With the Loss of Acoustic Energy in the Vicinity of Circular Holes (2010)

Thermo-acoustic instabilities in lean gas turbine combustors have been well reported over the past decade. One option by which the generation of potentially damaging, large scale, pressure amplitudes can be avoided is to increase the amount of damping within the combustion system using passive damping devices. Common to these devices is the absorption mechanism by which acoustic energy, associated with incident pressure fluctuations onto an orifice, generates an unsteady flow that cannot be converted back into acoustic energy. This paper is concerned with providing a greater understanding of this fundamental process. Experimental results are presented for a single orifice that is exposed to plane acoustic waves within a rectangular duct. Measurements of unsteady pressure enable the acoustic power absorbed by the orifice to be determined, whilst Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is used to measure the unsteady flow field. A method is outlined for identifying those features within the measured unsteady flow field that are responsible for absorption of the acoustic energy. This is based on a Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) analysis of the velocity field and identification of the relevant modes. The method is validated for the non-linear and linear absorption regimes by comparing the energy of the relevant velocity field features with the energy absorbed from the acoustic field. The good agreement obtained indicates the success of the technique presented. The improved understanding of the mechanisms by which energy is transferred out of the acoustic field, and into the unsteady velocity field, explains many of the observed absorption characteristics. This improved understanding should lead to the design of optimized damping systems. The presented methodology is also thought to be the basis by which numerical, CFD based, predictions relating to the absorption of acoustic waves should be analyzed and validated.
ChemInform Abstract: Clavaminols G—N, Six New Marine Sphingoids from the Mediterranean Ascidian Clavelina phlegraea. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Predicting Intrinsic Urethral Sphincter Dysfunction in Women With Stress Urinary Incontinence (1995)

The only preoperative clinical index that predicted the presence of intrinsic urethral sphincter dysfunction, as defined by low urethral closure pressure, was age over 50 years. In view of previous studies reporting a higher rate of surgical failure in women with low urethral pressure, urodynamic testing should be considered in surgical candidates over age 50 to allow adequate preoperative counseling.
Extended cohort study of OPB51602, a novel inhibitor of STAT3/5 activation, in non-small cell lung carcinoma. (2014)

8028 Background: STAT3, a signal transduction protein of growth factor receptors including EGFR, is constitutively activated in many solid malignancies, leading to tumor angiogenesis, cell proliferation and immune tolerance. Inhibition of STAT3 in vitro and in vivo induces apoptosis in STAT3-activated tumor cells. OPB51602 is an oral small molecule inhibitor of STAT3 phosphorylation with favorable preclinical profile that has entered clinical development. Methods: We analyzed a subgroup of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from a phase I study of OPB51602 including an extension cohort at the recommended dose of 4mg daily in NSCLC. Dosing included dosing daily for 2 weeks every 3 weeks, and continuous dosing of 4mg daily. Archival tissue was analyzed for oncogenic mutations and STAT3/5 phosphorylation. Patients were evaluated for treatment response, and pharmacodynamic effects of STAT3 phosphorylation assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by flow cytometry (PBMCs). Results: 25 patients were treated at doses of 2mg, 4mg and 5mg. 23 patients (92%) had adenocarcinoma, and 11 (44%) had tumor EGFR mutations. Two patients treated at doses of 4mg and 5mg had partial response(PR), with progression free survival of 5 and 7 months respectively; both had EGFR mutations that responded and then progressed on EGFR TKIs. Overall disease control rate was 12.5% at 3 months, and duration of disease control was longer in EGFR mutant patients. Patients who achieved PR/stable disease (n=6) had a higher incidence of EGFR mutations compared to those with PD (n=8), (83% vs 50%). 12 patients had repeat FDG PET CT during cycle 1, with metabolic response by EORTC criteria observed in 5 patients(42%). Immunohistochemistry showed pSTAT3(Ser727) overexpression in 44% of patients, and PBMC analysis revealed downregulation of pSTAT3 with treatment (mean decrease 22.1±14.1%), with maximal effect at 4h post-dosing. There was no correlation between extent of downregulation of pSTAT3 and tumor response. Conclusions: OPB51602 demonstrates evidence of clinical activity in treatment refractory NSCLC, particularly for EGFR mutants. Further evaluation of its efficacy and biomarker exploration is warranted in NSCLC.
Emergence of Staphylococcus aureus Carrying Multiple Drug Resistance Genes on a Plasmid Encoding Exfoliative Toxin B (2013)

We report the complete nucleotide sequence and analysis of pETBTY825, a Staphylococcus aureus TY825 plasmid encoding exfoliative toxin B (ETB). S. aureus TY825 is a clinical isolate obtained from an impetigo patient in 2002. The size of pETBTY825, 60.6 kbp, was unexpectedly larger than that of the archetype pETBTY4 (∼30 kbp). Genomic comparison of the plasmids shows that pETBTY825 has the archetype pETBTY4 as the backbone and has a single large extra DNA region of 22.4 kbp. The extra DNA region contains genes for resistance to aminoglycoside [aac(6')/aph(2″)], macrolide (msrA), and penicillin (blaZ). A plasmid deletion experiment indicated that these three resistance elements were functionally active. We retrospectively examined the resistance profile of the clinical ETB-producing S. aureus strains isolated in 1977 to 2007 using a MIC determination with gentamicin (GM), arbekacin (ABK), and erythromycin (EM) and by PCR analyses for aac(6')/aph(2″) and msrA using purified plasmid preparations. The ETB-producing S. aureus strains began to display high resistance to GM, which was parallel with the detection of aac(6')/aph(2″) and mecA, after 1990. Conversely, there was no significant change in the ABK MIC during the testing period, although it had a tendency to slightly increase. After 2001, isolates resistant to EM significantly increased; however, msrA was hardly detected in ETB-producing S. aureus strains, and only five isolates were positive for both aac(6')/aph(2″) and msrA. In this study, we report the emergence of a fusion plasmid carrying the toxin gene etb and drug resistance genes. Prevalence of the pETBTY825 carrier may further increase the clinical threat, since ETB-producing S. aureus is closely related to more severe impetigo or staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome (SSSS), which requires a general antimicrobial treatment.
Assessment of Present and Future Large-Scale Semiconductor Detector Systems (1985)

The performance of large-scale semiconductor detector systems is assessed with respect to their theoretical potential and to the practical limitations imposed by processing techniques, readout electronics and radiation damage. In addition to devices Which detect reaction products directly, the analysis includes photodetectors for scintillator arrays. Beyond present technology we also examine currently evolving structures and techniques which show potential for producing practical devices in the foreseeable future.
High spectral and spatial resolution X-ray transmission radiography and tomography (2014)

In high-resolution radiography and tomography, the local intensity of the X-ray beam is typically measured using an energy-integrating detector system, thus discarding all information on the detected X-ray spectrum. Recently, several direct or hybrid detector systems have been developed which allow for single photon counting using one or more energy thresholds [1]. By measuring the same object at different energy thresholds, it becomes possible to discriminate between different materials in that object. However, this methodology only allows for a limited amount of information about the incident X-ray energy, and the spectral resolution is typically limited to approximately 1 keV. Recently, a new detector system was developed which is able to measure a full-field image at 2048 energy bins, at a spectral resolution comparable with state-of-the-art single-element spectroscopic detectors [2]. This system has already been used for full-field X-ray fluorescence tomography, yielding impressive results in a short measurement time. Here, we present the applicability of this detector in transmission radiography and tomography. The practical limitations of this methodology, which are mainly induced by the low countrate of the system are presented. Furthermore, several results in true spectroscopic X-ray radiography and tomography are presented.
Quantitative PCR Targeting 16S rRNA and Reductive Dehalogenase Genes Simultaneously Monitors MultipleDehalococcoidesStrains (2006)

The 16S rRNA gene provides insufficient information to infer the range of chloroorganic electron acceptors used by different Dehalococcoides organisms. To overcome this limitation and provide enhanced diagnostic tools for growth measurements, site assessment, and bioremediation monitoring, a quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) approach targeting 16S rRNA genes and three Dehalococcoides reductive dehalogenase (RDase) genes with assigned function (i.e., tceA, bvcA, and vcrA) was designed and evaluated. qPCR standard curves generated for the RDase genes by use of genomic DNA from Dehalococcoides pure cultures correlated with standard curves obtained for both Bacteria- and Dehalococcoides-targeted 16S rRNA genes, suggesting that the RDase genes are useful targets for quantitative assessment of Dehalococcoides organisms. RDase gene probe/primer pairs were specific for the Dehalococcoides strains known to carry the diagnostic RDase gene sequences, and the qPCR method allowed the detection of as few as 1 to 20 and quantification of as few as 50 to 100 tceA, bvcA, or vcrA gene targets per PCR volume. The qPCR approach was applied to dechlorinating enrichment cultures, microcosms, and samples from a contaminated site. In characterized enrichment cultures where known Dehalococcoides strains were enumerated, the sum of the three RDase genes equaled the total Dehalococcoides cell numbers. In site samples and chloroethane-dechlorinating microcosms, the sum of the three RDase genes was much less than that predicted by Dehalococcoides-targeted qPCR, totaling 10 to 30% of the total Dehalococcoides cell numbers. Hence, a large number of Dehalococcoides spp. contain as-yet-unidentified RDase genes, indicating that our current understanding of the dechlorinating Dehalococcoides community is incomplete.
Effect of inoculum form on in vitro antifungal susceptibilities of Aspergillus spp. (2001)

The effect of inoculum form, i.e. ungerminated conidia, germinated conidia and hyphae on the in vitro antifungal susceptibility of 12 strains belonging to Aspergillus spp. was compared using a broth microdilution method. The isolates were tested three times on different days against amphotericin B, itraconazole and ketoconazole. There were no significant differences between MICs obtained with the three types of inoculum (P > 0.05) for any antifungal tested. The degree of reproducibility of the tests was high (>or=75%) for all antifungals with each type of inoculum, except for itraconazole (58.3%) when the inoculum was prepared with ungerminated conidia.
Regularity analysis of nocturnal oximetry recordings to assist in the diagnosis of sleep apnoea syndrome (2015)

The relationship between sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome (SAHS) severity and the regularity of nocturnal oxygen saturation (SaO2) recordings was analysed. Three different methods were proposed to quantify regularity: approximate entropy (AEn), sample entropy (SEn) and kernel entropy (KEn). A total of 240 subjects suspected of suffering from SAHS took part in the study. They were randomly divided into a training set (96 subjects) and a test set (144 subjects) for the adjustment and assessment of the proposed methods, respectively. According to the measurements provided by AEn, SEn and KEn, higher irregularity of oximetry signals is associated with SAHS-positive patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and Pearson correlation analyses showed that KEn was the most reliable predictor of SAHS. It provided an area under the ROC curve of 0.91 in two-class classification of subjects as SAHS-negative or SAHS-positive. Moreover, KEn measurements from oximetry data exhibited a linear dependence on the apnoea-hypopnoea index, as shown by a correlation coefficient of 0.87. Therefore, these measurements could be used for the development of simplified diagnostic techniques in order to reduce the demand for polysomnographies. Furthermore, KEn represents a convincing alternative to AEn and SEn for the diagnostic analysis of noisy biomedical signals.
The effects of lipids on the activation of glutamate dehydrogenase by L-leucine (1986)

International audience
Effects of ACTH and Cyclic-AMPin Vitroon Incorporation of3H-leucine and14C-orotic Acid Into Protein and RNA in the Presence of an Inhibitor of Cholesterol Side Chain Cleavage (1969)

Aminoglutethimide [α- (p-aminophenyl)- α-ethyl-glutarimide], an inhibitor of cholesterol side chain cleavage, largely reverses the inhibitory effects of ACTH and adenosine- 3′,5′-monophosphate (CAMP) on in vitro incorporation of 3H-leucine and 14C-orotate into rat adrenal protein and RNA, respectively. With aminoglutethimide present, small stimulatory effects of ACTH and CAMP on leucine incorporation are apparent, and these effects are not blocked by actinomycin D. Small stimulatory effects of ACTH on orotate incorporation are also apparent in the presence of aminoglutethimide, but CAMP produces a biphasic response with inhibition and reversal of inhibition at lower and higher CAMP concentrations, respectively. The inhibitory effect of CAMP may be due to conversion to 5′-AMP since the latter is purely inhibitory and since caffeine blocks CAMP-induced inhibition of orotate incorporation. (Endocrinology85: 1209, 1969)
High speed optical detectors for monolithic millimeter wave integrated circuits (2002)

Metal-semiconductor-metal photodiodes with interdigitated Schottky barrier fingers are being developed for applications in monolithic optical receiver circuits with the purpose of detecting millimeter-wave modulation signals being transmitted via an optical carrier. The devices are planar and incorporate submicron finger spacings and a thin absorption region for speed with a buried stack of tuned Bragg reflectors for enhanced sensitivity at the carrier wavelength. These devices are being integrated with short-gate MODFET (modulation-doped field-effect transistor) amplifiers to form the complete monolithic integrated optical receiver circuit. Device measurements indicate a top surface reflectance of 0.5% with an operation bandwidth in excess of 40 GHz and a dynamic range of 33 dB.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Preparation and Evaluation of HPLC Chiral Stationary Phases Based on Cationic/Basic Derivatives of Cyclofructan 6 (2014)

The cyclofructan 6 (CF6) macrocyclic-oligosaccharide was derivatized with five different substituents able to bear positive charges: propyl imidazole (IM) methyl benzimidazole (BIM), dimethyl aminopropyl (AP), pyridine (PY) and dimethyl aminophenyl (DMAP). The derivatized cyclofructans were reacted with triethoxysilyl-propylisocyanate as a linker to bond them to 5 μm spherical silica gel particles and then used to prepare HPLC columns. The bonded silica particles were analyzed to establish the bonding densities. A set of 34 chiral compounds including acids, neutral compounds and bases was tested with nine different mobile phase compositions including two reverse phase (RP) acetonitrile/pH 4 buffer, three polar organic (PO) acetonitrile/methanol and four normal phase (NP) heptane/ethanol mobile phases. No compounds could be separated in the RP mode. Eight compounds only could be enantioseparated in the PO mode and 21 compounds in the NP mode. The most effective chiral stationary phase was the propyl imidazole derivatized CF6 phase, provided that no more than six imidazole substituents and two linkers are attached per CF6 unit.
PAINT: A Promoter Analysis and Interaction Network Generation Tool for Gene Regulatory Network Identification (2003)

We have developed a bioinformatics tool named PAINT that automates the promoter analysis of a given set of genes for the presence of transcription factor binding sites. Based on coincidence of regulatory sites, this tool produces an interaction matrix that represents a candidate transcriptional regulatory network. This tool currently consists of (1) a database of promoter sequences of known or predicted genes in the Ensembl annotated mouse genome database, (2) various modules that can retrieve and process the promoter sequences for binding sites of known transcription factors, and (3) modules for visualization and analysis of the resulting set of candidate network connections. This information provides a substantially pruned list of genes and transcription factors that can be examined in detail in further experimental studies on gene regulation. Also, the candidate network can be incorporated into network identification methods in the form of constraints on feasible structures in order to render the algorithms tractable for large-scale systems. The tool can also produce output in various formats suitable for use in external visualization and analysis software. In this manuscript, PAINT is demonstrated in two case studies involving analysis of differentially regulated genes chosen from two microarray data sets. The first set is from a neuroblastoma N1E-115 cell differentiation experiment, and the second set is from neuroblastoma N1E-115 cells at different time intervals following exposure to neuropeptide angiotensin II. PAINT is available for use as an agent in BioSPICE simulation and analysis framework (www.biospice.org), and can also be accessed via a WWW interface at www.dbi.tju.edu/dbi/tools/paint/.
NetApp (2006)

The generalization of Internet continues to grow unabated, especially with the rapid adoption of mobile and fixed networks connecting a myriad of devices at home and in business. This allows the acquisition of more services at low costs. In the future, anyone with any kind of devices at any time will be able to access any type of service from anywhere. New rapid and profitable methods for service creation must be investigated. In traditional telecommunication networks, the intelligence of a service has been achieved for so long at the heart of the network. The Internet intermediation involves moving the intelligence toward the edge of the network. A fresh look is needed to design and develop self-organizing networks so human intervention is minimized as much as possible. In this regard, we propose the autonomic-network-based application concept: NetApp. This is an architecture in which the applications and services are not supported by a pre-existing network, but where the network itself grows out of the applications and services that end users require. The major objective of this article is to propose an architecture for the adaptive and self-organizing ambient-aware applications and services in networking.