gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Empowering Next Generation Flexible Operational Data Stores with Service Orientation (2006)

The paradigm of service oriented architecture (SOA) facilitates construction of software in a modular and reusable manner, due to the delivery of software functionality in form of well-abstracted contractually binding interfaces, independent of the underlying implementations. In the context of data warehousing, on one hand, typical use cases involve dealing with large volumes of historical data. On the other hand, operational data stores (ODS) facilitate easy and quick access to up-to-date information on operational data with smaller volumes of data in data warehousing. Here we discuss and provide a framework for designing a service-oriented ODS, with multiple advantages. We discuss the role SOA can play in ODSs without compromising performance. We provide a detailed architectural blueprint for a SOA based ODS, and walk through a detailed case study on service oriented ODS in the context of customer portfolio management.
Non-Invasive Imaging Technologies in Drug Safety Evaluation: Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Rats to Assess Theophyline-Induced Testes Toxicity (2001)

Abstract Non-invasive imaging technologies such as magnetic resonance imaging are commonly used in clinical practice. in an experimental setting, it is possible to decrease field of view and pixel size, thereby increase image resolution. We tested this magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) technique in a theopln lline-induced rat model of reproductive toxicity. The goal of this work was to study the sensitivity of MRM to detect or predict changes in tissue proton (i.e. water) characteristics, and confirm those findings with histology. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a control or theophylline (1.3-dimethylxanthine. 8000 ppm) diet. Experimental groups of days 8. 16. 24. and 32 animals were imaged with MRM (Figure 1) and tissue morphology confirmed with histology (Figure 2). Tl-weighted images (with and without gadolinium-DTPA contrast. Magnevist®) and T2-weighted images were acquired at 2 T (spin-echo multislice images. 100 μm2 pixel. 300 μm slice thickness).
Production of Recombinant Adeno-Associated Type 5 (rAAV5) Vectors Using Recombinant Herpes Simplex Viruses Containing rep and cap (2002)

We developed a scaleable production system for adeno-associated virus type 5 (AAV5)-based vectors using a replication-defective recombinant herpes simplex type 1 virus (rHSV) containing the rep and cap genes of AAV5. Multiple rHSV isolates containing AAV5 rep and cap with normal or altered p5 promoter elements were constructed and tested in vector production. Compared with rAAV5 vector yields obtained by plasmid transfection, yields of rAAV5 using any of the rHSV isolates were low. Evidence suggests that the low vector yields are a consequence of the extensive and early cytopathology induced by the rHSV isolates. In addition, we found a correlation between the amount of Rep52 or Rep40 proteins and the amount of vector produced by each rHSV isolate, suggesting that packaging of vector DNA into virus particles is rate-limiting when using rHSV to generate rAAV5 vectors.
Casualties of War: Suffering & Statistics (1971)

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Effects of Blood Pressure Reduction on the Ultrastructure of the Adrenal Cortex of the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (1980)

Antihypertensive drugs were given to 25-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto rats, and the animals were sacrificed at 45-47 weeks of age. The effects of the decreased blood pressure on the adrenal zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata were studied ultrastructurally and morphometrically. It was found that both groups of animals responded to the lower blood pressure in a similar manner, but the ability to respond is structurally compromised in the zona glomerulosa of SHR. This malfunction may be congenital in origin.
The role of the anterior cingulate in automatic and controlled processes: A developmental neuroanatomical study (1997)

This study examines the role of the anterior cingulate in the development of attention. Task performance relying predominantly on either automatic or controlled processes was correlated with magnetic resonance imaging based measures of the anterior cingulate in 26 normal children ages 5 to 16 years. Attentional measures were assessed with a visual discrimination paradigm. Parasagittal slices from a 3-D, T1-weighted volume data set were used to obtain area measurements of the anterior cingulate. Response latencies decreased with age for both tasks. There were significant correlations between attentional performance and right, but not left, anterior cingulate measures. Performance was faster and more accurate during trials requiring predominantly controlled processes for those children with larger right anterior cingulate measures. The results are consistent with adult neuroimaging findings of activation in the right anterior cingulate during attention tasks and with lesion studies implicating greater right hemisphere involvement in attentional processes.
Implementing Pasteur's vision for rabies elimination (2014)

Human and veterinary health systems must be better integrated if rabies is to be controlled
Attenuator materials for microwaves (1948)

Microwave development has brought with it many related devices, one class of which is circuit elements having the property of attenuating or absorbing microwaves. Investigation of the microwave properties of a variety of solids led to the application of electrically in-homogeneous ceramic and plastic materials such as silicon carbide dispersed in porcelain, and graphite dispersed in phenol formaldehyde.
A pilot study of lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced sarcoma. (2022)

TPS11588 Background: New treatment options are needed for sarcomas. Pazopanib is the only targeted agent approved for multiple soft tissue sarcoma (STS) subtypes with a response rate of 6% and a PFS of 4.6 months. Immunotherapy has a limited role in STS, as the SARC028 study of pembrolizumab demonstrated an overall response rate of 18%, with the highest response rate seen in the undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) cohort at 23%. Lenvatinib is an oral, multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of multiple cancer types including progressive, radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer and unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma with inhibitory activity against the receptor tyrosine kinases VEGFR 1-3, FGFR 1-3, KIT, PDGFR alpha/beta, and RET. Early outcomes with the combination of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab suggest that this regimen could be broadly superior to PD-1 targeting alone for several tumor types as high rates of objective response have been noted. The rationale for this study is based on preclinical work demonstrating the immunosuppressive effects of VEGF in the tumor immune microenvironment including inhibition of dendritic cell maturation, recruitment of immunosuppressive Tregs, MDSCs and TAMs and up-regulation of PD-1 on CD8+ cells. Methods: This is a pilot study evaluating the efficacy of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab in the treatment of select metastatic and/or unresectable sarcomas. Patients will be enrolled in one of five cohorts: Cohort A: leiomyosarcoma; Cohort B: UPS; Cohort C: vascular sarcomas (including angiosarcoma and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma); Cohort D: synovial sarcoma and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor; and Cohort E: bone sarcomas (limited to osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma). Eligible patients should have had at least one prior therapy for unresectable and/or metastatic disease, but no more than three prior lines of therapy. Prior treatment with angiogenesis inhibitors or immunotherapy is excluded. Archival tissue is required for eligibility. Patients enrolled in the study will be treated initially with a 2 week run-in of lenvatinib 20 mg orally daily which will be continued daily thereafter. Subsequently, they will start pembrolizumab 200 mg intravenously every 21 days. The primary endpoint for each cohort is best overall response rate documented by RECIST v1.1 Criteria at 27 weeks. A sample size of 10 patients is planned for each of the five histological cohorts. If 2 or more confirmed responses are observed among the 10 patients in an arm, the drug combination will be considered positive and worthy of further investigation for that arm. Secondary endpoints are PFS, OS, duration of response and safety/tolerability of the combination. On-treatment biopsy and blood samples will be required for correlative assessments. Accrual in all cohorts is ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT04784247.
On monitoring heat-pumps with a group-based conformal anomaly detection approach (2018)

The ever increasing complexity of modern systems and equipment make the task of monitoring their health quite challenging. Traditional methods such as expert defined thresholds, physics based models and process history based techniques have certain drawbacks. Thresholds defined by experts require deep knowledge about the system and are often too conservative. Physics driven approaches are costly to develop and maintain. Finally, process history based models require large amount of data that may not be available at design time of a system. Moreover, the focus of these traditional approaches has been system specific. Hence, when industrial systems are deployed on a large scale, their monitoring becomes a new challenge. Under these conditions, this paper demonstrates the use of a group-based selfmonitoring approach that learns over time from similar systems subject to similar conditions. The approach is based on conformal anomaly detection coupled with an exchangeability test that uses martingales. This allows setting a threshold value based on sound theoretical justification. A hypothesis test based on this threshold is used to decide on if a system has deviated from its group. We demonstrate the feasibility of this approach through a real case study of monitoring a group of heat-pumps where it can detect a faulty hot-water switch-valve and a broken outdoor temperature sensor without previously observing these faults.
High-reflection Mo/Be/Si multilayers for EUV lithography (2017)

The effect of Be layers on the reflection coefficients of Mo/Be/Si multilayer mirrors in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) region is reported. Samples were studied using laboratory and synchrotron based reflectometry, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The samples under study have reflection coefficients above 71% at 13.5 nm and more than 72% at 12.9 nm in a near normal incidence mode. Calculations show that by optimizing the thickness of the Be layer it should be possible to increase the reflection coefficient by another 0.5-1%. These results are of considerable interest for EUV lithography.
A visual anthropomorphic agent with learning capability of cooperative answering strategy through speech dialog (2002)

As the opportunity of using computer systems spreads into everyday life, the importance of friendly human interfaces is increasing. As a form of next generation human interfaces, an anthropomorphic interface agent which mimics a face-to-face communication holds promise, and some early developments have started. Its multimodality including facial expression and speech dialog fits to human perception and can enhance the friendliness of the interface. We present an anthropomorphic interface agent called VSA (Visual Software Agent), which has a moving realistic facial image and a speech dialog function. Unlike other anthropomorphic interface systems, our VSA system has connection to a WWW browser (Netscape Navigator), so that it can serve as a new interface to a vast WWW information space and effectively use multimedia data written in a standardized HTML format. As immediate applications of the VSA, it is suitable for guidance systems which are used by various people with little knowledge of computers at, for example, department stores, company reception desks, university campuses, etc. We have implemented learning capability into our anthropomorphic agent. We use reinforcement learning, in particular, profit sharing method; but our research is unique in that the learning mechanism is implemented to acquire knowledge from speech dialogs. We show our implemented learning mechanism with reference to a task of campus guidance.
Cardiotoxicity assessment using 3D vascularized cardiac tissue consisting of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts (2021)

Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are used for cardiac safety assessment but have limitations for the evaluation of drug-induced contractility. Three-dimensional (3D) cardiac tissues are similar to native tissue and valuable for the assessment of contractility. However, a longer time and specialized equipment are required to generate 3D tissues. We previously developed a simple method to generate 3D tissue in a short period by coating the cell surfaces with extracellular matrix proteins. We hypothesized that this 3D cardiac tissue could be used for simultaneous evaluation of drug-induced repolarization and contractility. In the present work, we examined the effects of several compounds with different mechanisms of action by cell motion imaging. Consequently, human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) channel blockers with high arrhythmogenic risk caused prolongation of contraction-relaxation duration and arrhythmia-like waveforms. Positive inotropic drugs, which increase intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> levels or myocardial Ca<sup>2+</sup> sensitivity, caused an increase in maximum contraction speed (MCS) or average deformation distance (ADD) (ouabain, 138% for MCS at 300 nM; pimobendane, 132% for ADD at 3 μM). For negative inotropic drugs, verapamil reduced both MCS and ADD (61% at 100 nM). Thus, this 3D cardiac tissue detected the expected effects of various cardiovascular drugs, suggesting its usefulness for cardiotoxicity evaluation.
Adjuvanticity of the Cholera Toxin A1-Based Gene Fusion Protein, CTA1-DD, Is Critically Dependent on the ADP-Ribosyltransferase and Ig-Binding Activity (1999)

The ADP-ribosylating enterotoxins, cholera toxin (CT) and Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin, are among the most powerful immunogens and adjuvants yet described. An innate problem, however, is their strong toxic effects, largely due to their promiscuous binding to all nucleated cells via their B subunits. Notwithstanding this, their exceptional immunomodulating ability is attracting increasing attention for use in systemic and mucosal vaccines. Whereas others have separated adjuvanticity from toxicity by disrupting the enzymatic activity of the A1 subunit by site-directed mutagenesis, we have constructed a nontoxic molecule that combines the full enzymatic activity of the A1 subunit with a B cell targeting moiety in a gene fusion protein, the CTA1-DD adjuvant. Despite its more selective binding properties, we found comparable adjuvant effects of the novel CTA1-DD adjuvant to that of CT. Here we unequivocally demonstrate, using a panel of mutant CTA1-DD molecules, that the immunomodulating ability of CTA1-DD is dependent on both an intact enzymatic activity and the Ig-binding ability of the DD dimer. Both agents, CT and CTA1-DD, ADP-ribosylate intact B cells. However, contrary to CT, no increase in intracellular cyclic AMP in the targeted cells was detected, suggesting that cyclic AMP may not be important for adjuvanticity. Most remarkably, CTA1-DD achieves similar immunomodulating effects to CT using a ganglioside-GM1 receptor-independent pathway for internalization.
Subspace Pursuit for Compressive Sensing Signal Reconstruction (2008)

We propose a new method for reconstruction of sparse signals with and without noisy perturbations, termed the subspace pursuit algorithm. The algorithm has two important characteristics: low computational complexity, comparable to that of orthogonal matching pursuit techniques when applied to very sparse signals, and reconstruction accuracy of the same order as that of LP optimization methods. The presented analysis shows that in the noiseless setting, the proposed algorithm can exactly reconstruct arbitrary sparse signals provided that the sensing matrix satisfies the restricted isometry property with a constant parameter. In the noisy setting and in the case that the signal is not exactly sparse, it can be shown that the mean squared error of the reconstruction is upper bounded by constant multiples of the measurement and signal perturbation energies.
A systematic review of the diagnostic accuracy of the H2S test versus indicator bacteria tests for faecal contamination of water (2011)

The H2S test, a simple, low-cost field test, is used in many remote and developing country settings to test for the faecal contamination of drinking-water. However, its diagnostic accuracy remains uncertain. To provide more guidance on its use, we assessed the diagnostic accuracy of the H2S test versus indicator bacterial tests for E. coli or thermotolerant coliforms (TTC). We screened 661 abstracts and identified 51 relevant studies based on 13,853 water samples. The overall test sensitivity and specificity (95% CI) was 0.87 (0.80-0.92) and 0.82 (0.72-0.90) relative to TTC and 0.88 (0.77-0.94) and 0.75 (0.55–0.88) relative to E. coli tests. The test’s diagnostic accuracy varied significantly and substantially between studies. Little of this variation was explained by testing procedures, study quality or the nature of the samples processed. We recommended that users should benchmark its accuracy before using in a new setting.
Hetero-Epitaxial Anion Exchange Yields Single-Crystalline Hollow Nanoparticles (2009)

Anion exchange with S was performed on ZnO colloidal nanoparticles. The resulting hollow ZnS nanoparticles are crystal whose shape is dictated by the initial ZnO. Crystallographic and elemental analyses provide insight into the mechanism of the anion exchange.
Architectures innovantes de mémoire non-volatile embarquée sur film mince de silicium (2009)

Les plateformes CMOS s’orientent vers l’utilisation de film mince de silicium pour faire face aux effets parasites qui limitent la miniaturisation du transistor sur substrat massif. Cette configuration technologique ouvre la porte a de nouvelles architectures de dispositifs memoire non-volatile. L’etude realisee au cours de cette these porte sur l’adaptation des technologies film mince pour obtenir des memoires non-volatile embarquees denses fonctionnant a la tension nominale du circuit pour une co-integration aisee sur les plateformes technologiques CMOS Bulk et film mince. La construction de la cellule SQeRAM, tout d’abord proposee, repose sur la sequence de procedes de fabrication de la technologie Silicon-On-Nothing (SON) additionnees au core process CMOS bulk. Le point memoire obtenu presente un stockage de charge sur l?interface opposee au canal de conduction. Cette memoire est quasi-non-volatile, du fait de l’empilement ONO (Oxyde Nitrure Oxyde) mince requis pour un fonctionnement a seulement 3 V d’alimentation. Un modele semi-analytique de transistor film mince a double grille independante (IDG) est explicite. En associant ce modele IDG a celui d’un transistor Bulk, les phenomenes physiques en jeu dans la SQeRAM sont detailles. Cette modelisation permet aussi l’optimisation technologique en vue des applications double-bit. Les limites a la miniaturisation de la SQeRAM, en particulier la maitrise de la technologie, m’ont conduit a envisager un point memoire non-volatile construit sur le seul transistor IDG. Le concept, la realisation et les specificites de cette architecture sont presentes. L’etude modele associee permet une discussion sur les mecanismes physiques en jeu et analyse les principales caracteristiques electriques du dispositif suivant la densite de charge piegee. Enfin ce manuscrit de these prefigure une nouvelle forme de memoire universelle hybride combinant le stockage non-volatile et l’utilisation du substrat flottant pour les applications 1T-DRAM sur des structures sur film mince de silicium.
Darwin, Lamarck, or Baldwin: Applying Evolutionary Algorithms to Machine Learning Techniques (2014)

Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs), inspired by biological mechanisms observed in nature, such as selection and genetic changes, have much potential to find the best solution for a given optimisation problem. Contrary to Darwin, and according to Lamarck and Baldwin, organisms in natural systems learn to adapt over their lifetime and allow to adjust over generations. Whereas earlier research was rather reserved, more recent research underpinned by the work of Lamarck and Baldwin, finds that these theories have much potential, particularly in upcoming fields such as epigenetics. In this paper, we report on some experiments with different evolutionary algorithms with the purpose to improve the accuracy of data mining methods. We explore whether and to what extent an optimisation goal can be reached through a calculation of certain parameters or attribute weightings by use of such evolutionary strategies. We provide a look at different EAs inspired by the theories of Darwin, Lamarck, and Baldwin, as well as the problem solving methods of certain species. In this paper we demonstrate that the modification of well-established machine learning techniques can be achieved in order to include methods from genetic algorithm theory without extensive programming effort. Our results pave the way for much further research at the cross section of machine learning optimisation techniques and evolutionary algorithm research.
Radiation-aware Design for Cubesat Form-Factor Experiment Using Goal Structuring Notation (2016)

A Goal Structuring Notation (GSN) model is presented to argue for the radiation reliability of a SEU SCRAM experiment in a CubeSat form-factor for a 1 year old polar LEO mission.
Rapid, enhanced IV characterization of multi-junction PV devices under one sun at NREL (2015)

Multi-junction technology is rapidly advancing, which puts increasing demands on IV characterization resources. We report on a tool and procedure for fast turn-around of IV data under the reference conditions, but also under controlled variations from the reference conditions. This enhanced data set can improve further iterations of device optimization.