gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laser spectroscopy of neptunium; first ionization potential, lifetimes and new high-lying energy levels of Np i (1979)

The first ionization potential of neptunium has been determined from the photoionization threshold and from Rydberg series observed by laser spectroscopy techniques. The Rydberg series convergence limits yield the most accurate value of 50 536(4) cm−1 [6.2657(5) eV]. The radiative lifetimes of five levels in the 26 200–29 050-cm−1 range have been measured. New energy levels, 27 odd and 37 even, in the 33 000–37 000-cm−1 range have been determined with approximately ± 0.5-cm−1 precision.
Construction of Highly Reactive Probes for Abasic Site Detection by Introduction of an Aromatic and a Guanidine Residue into an Aminooxy Group (2009)

Abasic sites (AP sites) arise from hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds of DNA that is damaged by various external and internal processes; unrepaired AP sites give rise to genetic mutations. We have constructed highly reactive AP-site-detecting probes by introducing a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic residue in an aminooxy group. Synthesized probes containing either a naphthalene or a guanidine residue conjugate effectively with AP sites. In particular, a probe containing both functional groups shows the highest reaction rate, indicating that the hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions act cooperatively in reaction with AP sites. The guanidine residue also contributes to the solubility of the molecules in aqueous media. The biotinylated probes provide much more sensitive detection of AP sites in genomic DNA than the conventional aldehyde-reactive probe.
Medical and Surgical Treatment of the Septic Hip with One-stage Revision Arthroplasty (1982)

Sepsis of the hip, particularly associated with total hip arthroplasty, can be treated successfully by an aggressive antimicrobial and surgical approach to accomplish a one-stage revision. Although this is a very acceptable alternative to Girdlestone arthroplasty, 13% (6 hips) of the septic total hip revisions failed. The possibility of hematogenous seeding of the total hip should be recognized by all health care professionals. Aggressive treatment of infections or potential infections is mandatory.
307 GENETIC VARIANTS AND GASTROSCHISIS. (2007)

Gastroschisis is a severe birth defect whose prevalence has been increasing in many countries for the last decade. It is a malformation in which infants are born with a defect in the abdominal wall, usually to the right of the umbilical cord. Its etiology is unknown, but one prevailing pathogenetic hypothesis is that it results from a vascular accident at the time of involution of the right umbilical vein or of the development of the superior mesenteric artery. In a previous small case-control study of gastroschisis (n = 57) and 506 controls, we found increased risks for homozygous variants of NPPA (OR = 7.5; 95% CI = 1.7-33) and ADD1 (OR = 4.9; 95% CI = 1.9-13). SNPs of three genes showed interactions with maternal smoking, NOS3, OR = 5.2 (95% CI = 2.4-11); ICAM1, OR = 5.2; (95% CI = 2.1-12); NPPA, OR = 6.4 (95% CI = 2.8-14). We have subsequently genotyped an additional 120 gastroschisis cases for the same panel of polymorphisms of 37 genes. The similar results provide additional support for the hypothesis of a vascular compromise as part of a multifactorial etiology of gastroschisis involving both genes and environmental factors.
Fusion of infrared and visible images using empirical mode decomposition and spatial opponent processing (2011)

Infrared (IR) cameras capture thermal radiations emitted by objects in a scene while Electro-Optical (EO) cameras picture reflected colors from a scene. These sources of different modalities produce complementary data of the same panorama. In aeronautics, medical imaging and rescue operations, these sensors are often utilized simultaneously. The objective of this work is to integrate the content of both streams in order to deliver a unique image presenting more visual cues than any of the originals taken separately. To reach that goal, the synthesis of a robust algorithm is required. The Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) decomposes image signals into Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs). In this paper, we proposed a novel approach that integrates the IR and EO IMFs using principles of neural science for multi-spectral fusion. We show how to integrate IR and EO information utilizing spatial opponent processing. We report the performance on images from Octec ltd and compare our result to their Wavelet-based fusion output. Mutual Information is the metric employed for fusion quality assessment in this work. Positive results have been obtained for tests conducted on IR and EO images containing complementary information.
Weighted finite population sampling to maximize entropy (1994)

Attention is drawn to a method of sampling a finite population of N units with unequal probabilities and without replacement. The method was originally proposed by Stern & Cover (1989) as a model for lotteries. The method can be characterized as maximizing entropy given coverage probabilities πi, or equivalently as having the probability of a selected sample proportional to the product of a set of ‘weights’ wi. We show the essential uniqueness of the wi given the πi. We present two methods for stepwise selection of sampling units, and corresponding schemes for removal of units that can be used in connection with sample rotation. Inclusion probabilities of any order can be written explicitly in closed form. Second-order inclusion probabilities πij satisfy the condition O < πij < πiπj, which guarantees Yates & Grundy‘s variance estimator to be unbiased, definable for all samples and always nonnegative for any sample size.
Prediction Focused Topic Models via Feature Selection (2019)

Supervised topic models are often sought to balance prediction quality and interpretability. However, when models are (inevitably) misspecified, standard approaches rarely deliver on both. We introduce a novel approach, the prediction-focused topic model, that uses the supervisory signal to retain only vocabulary terms that improve, or at least do not hinder, prediction performance. By removing terms with irrelevant signal, the topic model is able to learn task-relevant, coherent topics. We demonstrate on several data sets that compared to existing approaches, prediction-focused topic models learn much more coherent topics while maintaining competitive predictions.
Simulations of Ionic Liquids, Solutions, and Surfaces (2007)

We have been using atomistic simulation for the last 10 years to study properties of imidazolium-based ionic liquids. Studies of dissolved molecules show the importance of electrostatic interactions in both aromatic and hydrogen-bonding solutes. However, the local structure strongly depends upon ion-ion and solute-solvent interactions. We find interesting local alignments of cations at the gas-liquid and solid-liquid interfaces, which give a potential drop through the surface. If the solid interface is charged, this charge is strongly screened over distances of a few nanometres and this screening decays on a fast time scale. We have studied the sensitivity of the liquid structure to force-field parameters and show that results from ab initio simulations can be used in the development of force fields.
High-resolution Solar Imaging with a Photon Sieve (2012)

Dissipation in the solar corona is expected to occur in extremely thin current sheets of order 1-100 km. Emission from
these current sheets should be visible in coronal EUV emission lines. However, this spatial scale is far below the
resolution of existing imaging instruments. Conventional optics cannot be easily manufactured with sufficient surface
figure accuracy to obtain the required < 0.1 arcsec resolution. A photon sieve, a diffractive imaging element similar to a
Fresnel zone plate, can be manufactured to provide a few 0.001 arcsec resolution, with much more relaxed tolerances
than conventional imaging technology. A simple design for a sounding rocket payload is presented that obtains 80 mas
(0.080 arcsec) imaging with a 100 mm diameter photon sieve to image Fe XIV 334 and Fe XVI 335. These images will
not only show the structure of the corona at a resolution never before obtained, they will also allow a study of the
temperature structure in the dissipation region.
Postoperative Adhesions: From Formation to Prevention (2008)

Postoperative intra-abdominal and pelvic adhesions are the leading cause of infertility, chronic pelvic pain, and intestinal obstruction. It is generally considered that some people are more prone to develop postoperative adhesions than are others. Unfortunately, there is no available marker to predict the occurrence or the extent and severity of adhesions preoperatively. Ischemia has been thought to be the most important insult that leads to adhesion development. Furthermore, a deficient, suppressed, or overwhelmed natural immune system has been proposed as an underlying mechanism in adhesion development. The type of surgical approach (laparoscopy or laparotomy) and closure of peritoneum in gynecologic surgeries and cesarean section have been debated as important factors that influence the development and extent of postoperative adhesions. In this article, we have reviewed the current state of adhesion development and the effects of barrier agents in prevention of postoperative adhesions.
Photosynthesis and Respiration in Cyanobacteria (2001)

Abstract Cyanobacteria are among the very few groups that can perform oxygenic photosynthesis and respiration simultaneously in the same compartment, and some cyanobacterial species are able to fix nitrogen. This combination of metabolic pathways is unusual and this metabolic flexibility may be responsible for the evolutionary hardiness of the cyanobacteria and their ability to thrive under a wide range of conditions.
Nuclear translocation of adeno-associated virus type 2 capsid proteins for virion assembly (2012)

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsid assembly occurs in the nucleus. Newly synthesized capsid proteins VP1, VP2 and VP3 contain several basic regions (BRs), which may act as nuclear localization signals (NLSs). Mutation of BR2 and BR3, located at the VP1 and VP2 N termini, marginally reduced nuclear uptake of VP1 or VP2, but not of VP3, when expressed in the context of the whole AAV type 2 (AAV2) genome. Combined mutation of BR1, BR2 and BR3 resulted in capsids with slightly reduced amounts of VP1. Expression of isolated VP1/2 N termini revealed an influence of BR3 on nuclear transport, whilst BR1 or BR2 had no effect. However, deletion of an N-terminal fragment in front of the BR elements strongly reduced nuclear uptake of VP1/2 N termini. Mutation of BR4, present in all three capsid proteins, led to their retention in the cytoplasm and to the formation of speckles, resulting in a lack of capsid formation and a significant reduction in VP levels. In a VP fragment comprising BR2, BR3 and BR4, the BR4 element was not necessary for nuclear localization. Mutation of BR5 in the C-terminal part of the VPs resulted in a speckled protein distribution in the nucleus, strongly reduced capsid assembly, and low VP1 and VP2 levels. Taken together, these results showed that BR2 and BR3 have a weak influence on nuclear transport of VP1 and VP2, whilst combined mutation of BR1, BR2 and BR3 influences the stoichiometry of VPs in assembled capsids. BR4 and BR5 play a crucial role in capsid assembly but have no NLS activity.
Microstructural Characteristics of Ti‐Based Composites with Various Ceramic Reinforcements Manufactured via Hydrogen‐Assisted Blended Elemental Powder Metallurgy (2023)

Highly dense in situ reinforced titanium matrix composites are fabricated with hydrogen assisted two-stage press-and-sintering method as described in the article, number 2101689 by Yuchao Song, Tuo Cheng, Orest Ivasishin and co-workers. Type and size of starting ceramic additives have substantial impact on the microstructure formation, residual porosity, and hardness of the pre-sintered composites. Sintering of hydrogenated pre-alloyed powders at second processing stage ensures desirable microstructure, improved density and uniformity of composites.
Synthesis and biocompatibility of a biodegradable and functionalizable thermo-sensitive hydrogel (2015)

Injectable thermal gels are a useful tool for drug delivery and tissue engineering. However, most thermal gels do not solidify rapidly at body temperature (37°C). We addressed this by synthesizing a thermo-sensitive, rapidly biodegrading hydrogel. Our hydrogel, poly(ethylene glycol)-co-poly(propanol serinate hexamethylene urethane) (EPSHU), is an ABA block copolymer comprising A, methoxy poly ethylene glycol group and B, poly (propanol L-serinate hexamethylene urethane). EPSHU was characterized by gel permeation chromatography for molecular weight and (1)H NMR and Fourier transformed infrared for structure. Rheological studies measured the phase transition temperature. In vitro degradation in cholesterol esterase and in Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline (DPBS) was tracked using the average molecular weight measured by gel permeation chromatography. LIVE/DEAD and resazurin reduction assays performed on NIH 3T3 fibroblasts exposed to EPSHU extracts demonstrated no cytotoxicity. Subcutaneous implantation into BALB/cJ mice indicated good biocompatibility in vivo. The biodegradability and biocompatibility of EPSHU together make it a promising candidate for drug delivery applications that demand carrier gel degradation within months.
Effective Processor Verification with Logic Fuzzer Enhanced Co-simulation (2021)

The study on verification trends in the semiconductor industry shows that the design complexity is increasing, fewer companies achieve first silicon success and need more spins before production, companies hire more verification engineers, and 53% of the whole hardware-design-cycle is spent on the design verification [18]. The cost of a respin is high, and more than 40% of the cases that contribute to it are post-fabrication functional bug exposures [16]. The study also shows that 65% of verification engineers’ time is spent on debug, test creation, and simulation [17]. This paper presents a set of tools for RISC-V processor verification engineers that help to expose more bugs before production and increase the productivity of time spent on debugging, test creation and simulation. We present Logic Fuzzer (LF), a novel tool that expands the verification space exploration without the creation of additional verification tests. The LF randomizes the states or control signals of the design-under-test at the places that do not affect functionality. It brings the processor execution outside its normal flow to increase the number of microarchitectural states exercised by the tests. We also present Dromajo, the state of the art processor verification framework for RISC-V cores. Dromajo is an RV64GC emulator that was designed specifically for co-simulation purposes. It can boot Linux, handle external stimuli, such as interrupts and debug requests on the fly, and can be integrated into existing testbench infrastructure with minimal effort. We evaluate the effectiveness of the tools on three RISC-V cores: CVA6, BlackParrot, and BOOM. Dromajo by itself found a total of nine bugs. The enhancement of Dromajo with the Logic Fuzzer increases the exposed bug count to thirteen without creating additional verification tests.
Renal receptors for atrial and C-type natriuretic peptides in the rat (1992)

Receptors for alpha-atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide [CNP-(1-22)] were quantified in kidneys from adult Wistar rats by in vitro autoradiography. 125I-labeled alpha-ANP (100 pM) bound reversibly to glomeruli, outer medullary vasa recta, and inner medulla with an apparent dissociation constant (Kd) of 3-6 nM. The presence of 10 microM des-[Gln18,Ser19,Gly20,Leu21,Gly22]ANP-(4- 23) (C-ANP), a specific ligand of the ANPR-C subtype of alpha-ANP receptor, inhibited approximately 50% of the glomerular binding of 125I-alpha-ANP, and this moiety of glomerular binding was also inhibited by CNP-(1-22) with an apparent inhibitory constant (Ki) of 10.47 +/- 7.59 nM. C-ANP and CNP-(1-22) showed little affinity for the medullary binding sites of alpha-ANP. 125I-[Tyr0]CNP-(1-22) (110 pM) bound solely to glomeruli and was competitively displaced by increasing concentrations of [Tyr0]CNP-(1-22) with an apparent Kd of 1.42 +/- 0.48 nM. Binding of increasing concentrations (25 pM to 1 nM) of 125I-[Tyr0]CNP-(1-22) in the presence or absence of 1 microM [Tyr0]CNP-(1-22) also demonstrated a high affinity (Kd of 0.41 +/- 0.07 nM) for the glomerular binding of 125I-[Tyr0]CNP-(1-22). Bound 125I-[Tyr0]CNP-(1-22) could be displaced by excess alpha-ANP and excess CNP-(1-22), both with high affinities. The glomerular binding of 125I-[Tyr0]CNP-(1-22) was also prevented by 10 microM C-ANP. Guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate produced by isolated glomeruli was measured by radioimmunoassay.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Breakdown mechanism studies in crosslinked polyethylene cable (1976)

This research explores the basic hypothesis that microporosity may play a significant role in the mechanism of breakdown of XLPE cable. The potential improvement achieved by impregnating the cable core with a neutral liquid is evaluated, in relation to ac voltage life and impulse strength. The effect at higher frequency voltage is also considered. Absence of measurable discharge on cable samples at very high stress raises some question regarding the role of partial discharges in relation to the mechanism of dielectric fatigue and breakdown. The possibilities of alternative electronic mechanisms are discussed. Studies are continuing under this EPRI/DOI research contract.
Analysis of Anthraquinones by Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Chromatography (1997)

A micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatographic method for the separation of anthraquinone positional isomers was established. The running electrolytes used in this method were 0.03 M sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) in 0.03 M borate buffer (pH 9) containing 10% acetonitrile for dihydroxy- and dihydroxy-methoxy-methylanthraquinones, 0.08 M SDS in 0.03 M borate buffer (pH 9) containing 10% acetonitrile for dimethoxyanthraquinones, and 0.03 M SDS in 0.08 M borate buffer (pH 8) containing 10% acetonitrile for hydroxy-methoxy- and dihydroxy-methylanthraquinones, each with an applied voltage of 20 kV. This method is simple, rapid and reproducible. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Schwere Verhaltensstörung mit organischer Ursache (2008)

A 65-year-old architect was admitted to our Memory Clinic because of rapidly progressive dementia accompanied by behavioral disorders, which severely restricted his functional independence. The physical examination revealed several focal neurological signs, and neuroimaging confirmed a cerebellar hemorrhage, multiple microbleeds and an ischemic lacunar infarct. Executive functioning was highly impaired. This case report illustrates cerebral amyloid angiopathy as an important entity of vascular dementia and highlights the importance of neuroimaging in patients with suspected vascular cognitive disorders.
Optimal power allocation for OFDMA-based cooperative base stations by limiting interference (2012)

In this paper, the problem of maximizing the sum rate of two interfering users, while limiting the received interference at each user, in an OFDMA-based system operating in downlink is considered. In a cooperative two cell scenario, for each particular user (located in the edge of cooperative cell and within area common with neighboring cell), it is possible to incorporate the dominant interference effects of the neighboring cells within the received noise level. As applied to the scheme, the authors investigate a scenario where two cooperative cellular systems operate in the same band. We first consider a scenario where each user having only two sub-channels. Then, this approach is extended to a TV sub-channel scenario. Numerical results show that proposed cooperative BSs scheme outperforms compared with non-cooperative TDMA case and it can achieve excellent levels of efficiency by allocating resources more intelligently.
Chain antenna (1974)

A novel traveling wave antenna, the chain antenna, is described. It consists of a ground plane close to which is a chainshaped conductor along which propagates a TEM wave. The loops of the chain are rectangular with typical dimensions of 0.4 wavelength times one wavelength. Several chain antennas can be connected in parallel giving a grid antenna. The grid antenna has a linearly polarized frequency scannable pencil beam and only one feed point per hundreds of radiating elements which makes it especially suitable for HF, VHF and UHF frequencies when high gain antennas are needed.
New mutations that suppress mating-type vegetative incompatibility in Neurospora crassa (1994)

The mating-type locus in the ascomycete Neurospora crassa functions as a vegetative-incompatibility locus during asexual growth such that A+a heterokaryons and A/a partial diploids are inhibited in their growth. In this study, we sought mutations that suppress mating-type associated vegetative incompatibility by using A/a partial diploids. Mutants were selected as spontaneous escapes from inhibited growth. Suppressors were identified by selecting escapes that retained the capacity to mate with both A and a strains. The escaped partial diploids were then outcrossed to remove the duplication. Seven suppressors were identified that segregated as single, recessive mutations. All seven of the suppressors were shown to be allelic to a previously obtained suppressor, tol, by segregation analyses and heterokaryon tests. This result indicates that all seven mutations are new alleles of tol and suggests that tol is a key regulatory locus in the expression of mating-type associated vegetative incompatibility in N. crassa.
Darstellung und Charakterisierung von 2H‐Hexafluor‐propanol‐(2) (1966)

Abstract 2 H ‐Hexafluor‐propanol‐(2) wurde durch Reduktion von Hexafluoraceton mit Hydriden (Natriumhydrid in Gegenwart geringer Mengen von Metallalkylen, z. B. Triäthylaluminium, Dibutylzinndihydrid oder komplexen Hydriden) in Kohlenwasserstoffen als Reaktionsmedien dargestellt. Das bei der Reduktion mit Natriumhydrid auftretende Natriumalkoholat des Hexafluorpropanols explodiert bei 170° und zersetzt sich beim langsamen Erwärmen bereits bei 110° zu einem komplizierten Gemisch von Organofluorverbindungen, aus dem Trifluoressigsäure als Bariumsalz isoliert wurde. Neben dem Natriumalkoholat dienten die Ätherate mit Diäthyläther und Tetrahydrofuran, das Phenylurethan, das Acetat und der Borsäureester zur Charakterisierung. Infolge der Acidität beider Wasserstoffatome bildete Diazomethan nicht den Methyläther, sondern gasförmiges 1.1.1.3.3.3‐Hexafluor‐2‐methoxy‐2‐methyl‐propan.
ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME IN PREGNANCY: ONSET TO OUTCOME (2004)

Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) are a diverse group of autoantibodies with specificity for phospholipid surfaces. Antiphospholipid antibodies may be found in individuals with a clinical history of thrombotic events or in women suffering severe pregnancy complications typically involving fetal compromise or demise. The association is known as the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).