gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diurnal Evolution of Submesoscale Front and Filament Circulations (2018)

Abstract The local circulation of submesoscale fronts and filaments can be partly understood through a horizontal momentum balance of Coriolis, a horizontal pressure gradient, and vertical diffusivity in a turbulent boundary layer, known as the turbulent thermal wind balance (TTW or T 2 W). T 2 W often reproduces the instantaneous relative vorticity and divergence of submesoscale circulations in open-ocean and shelf settings. However, a diurnal cycle in submesoscale vorticity and divergence is characterized by a non-T 2 W phasing: a maximum in divergence magnitude lags the maximum in vertical diffusivity (with vorticity lagging divergence). Here, an idealized model is used to solve the transient turbulent thermal wind (T 3 W) equations and to investigate the diurnal evolution of front and filament circulation in a 2D plane. Relative to a steady-state circulation, transient evolution can cause both instantaneous strengthening and a weaker diurnal average of the secondary circulation. The primary mechanisms controlling the diurnal variability exist in a 1D Ekman layer that imprints onto the 2D circulation. In midlatitudes, acceleration during separate phases of the diurnal cycle (from night to day and from day to night) is dominated by distinct inertial oscillation and vertically diffusive mechanisms, respectively. However, the manifestation of these dual accelerations is sensitive to latitude, boundary layer depth, and the strength of the forcing. A simple 1D model predicts the diurnal phasing of submesoscale divergence and vorticity in realistic primitive equation simulations of the southwestern Pacific and coastal California.
Cucurbitane triterpenoids from Momordica charantia (2007)

Three new cucurbitane-type triterpenoid saponins, 23-O-beta-D-allopyranosyl-5beta,19-epoxycucurbita-6,24-diene-3beta,22(S),23(S)-triol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), 23-O-beta-D-allopyranosyl-5beta,19-epoxycucurbita-6,24-diene-3beta,22(S),23(S)-triol-3-O-beta-D-allopyranoside (2), and 23-O-beta-D-allopyranosyl-5beta,19-epoxycucurbita-6,24-diene-3beta,19(R), 22(S),23(S)-tetraol-3-O-beta-D-allopyranoside (3), named momordicoside M, N, and O, respectively, along with one known saponin momordicoside L (4), were isolated from the fresh fruits of Momordica charantia. The structures of these saponins were elucidated on the basis of chemical properties and spectral data.
ChemInform Abstract: Non‐β‐Lactam Mimics of β‐Lactam Antibiotics (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Order-Disorder Transformation of Fe-Co Alloys in Fine Particles (1966)

The specific heat and the lattice constant of Fe-Co alloys in the b.c.c. range have been measured. The specimens are prepared by the reduction of solid solution Fe1−xCoxC2O4·2H2O in hydrogen at 800°C. It has been confirmed that FeCo (CsCl type) superlattice exists over a wide range (30∼75 at%Co), and the so-called “550°C anomaly” of Fe0.5Co0.5 superlattice has been observed also in the alloys of 21∼60 at%Co. This anomaly appears at almost the same temperature in the composition range of 21∼50 at%Co (555°∼560°C), and its critical temperature falls rapidly when cobalt content is greater than 50 atomic per cent. There is a broad peak at about 555°C in specific heat curves of 21, 23, 25, 27 and 27.5 at%Co alloys. Formerly these peaks have been imagined due to the transition of Fe3Co superlattice. Judging from the concentration dependence of its critical temperature and the shape of the specific heat curves, it is reasonable to consider that these peaks do not correspond to Fe3Co superlattice but to the extension of the 550°C anomaly. The effect of ordering on the lattice constant makes an increase in cell size in the 40∼60 at%Co alloys and a decrease in the 23∼40 at%Co alloys. Neutron diffraction and Mössbauer measurement made on a slow cooled 25 at%Co alloy has shown no evidence for Fe3Co superlattice.
Overall Water Splitting into H2 and O2 under UV Irradiation on NiO-loaded ZnNb2O6 Photocatalysts Consisting of d10 and d0 Ions (1999)

Abstract NiO-loaded ZnNb2O6 photocatalysts showed an activity for decomposition of pure water into H2 and O2 under band gap irradiation (hν &amp;gt; 4.0 eV). This oxide photocatalyst is a new type of a photocatalyst material from the view point of the component because it consists of d10 and d0 metal ions.
Tunnel Excavation in Low-Permeability Anisotropic Ground: Effect of Anisotropy and Hydro-Mechanical Couplings on Pore Pressure Evolution (2017)

The pore pressure evolution induced by excavation of drifts is analyzed by means of a fully coupled hydro-mechanical finite element simulation. The main goal is to simulate the principal trends of the pore pressure evolution with a simple model taking into account the inherent anisotropy of the material and the anisotropy of the initial stress state. The influence of the degree of anisotropy of the rock on the overpressures induced by the excavation is analyzed. The influence of the hydro-mechanical coupling on the development of the failed zone around drifts is also discussed.
Constraints on the Source of Short-Term Motion Adaptation in Macaque Area MT. I. The Role of Input and Intrinsic Mechanisms (2002)

Neurons in area MT, a motion-sensitive area of extrastriate cortex, respond to a step of target velocity with a transient-sustained firing pattern. The transition from a high initial firing rate to a lower sustained rate occurs over a time course of 20-80 ms and is considered a form of short-term adaptation. The present paper asks whether adaptation is due to input-specific mechanisms such as short-term synaptic depression or if it results from intrinsic cellular mechanisms such as spike-rate adaptation. We assessed the contribution of input-specific mechanisms by using a condition/test paradigm to measure the spatial scale of adaptation. Conditioning and test stimuli were placed within MT receptive fields but were spatially segregated so that the two stimuli would activate different populations of inputs from the primary visual cortex (V1). Conditioning motion at one visual location caused a reduction of the transient firing to subsequent test motion at a second location. The adaptation field, estimated as the region of visual space where conditioning motion caused adaptation, was always larger than the MT receptive field. Use of the same stimulus configuration while recording from direction-selective neurons in V1 failed to demonstrate either adaptation or the transient-sustained response pattern that is the signature of short-term adaptation in MT. We conclude that the shift from transient to sustained firing in MT cells does not result from an input-specific mechanism applied to inputs from V1 because it operates over a wider range of the visual field than is covered by receptive fields of V1 neurons. We used a direct analysis of MT neuron spike trains for many repetitions of the same motion stimulus to assess the contribution to adaptation of intrinsic cellular mechanisms related to spiking. On a trial-by-trial basis, there was no correlation between number of spikes in the transient interval and the interval immediately after the transient period. This is opposite the prediction that there should be a correlation if spikes cause adaptation directly. Further, the transient was suppressed or extinguished, not delayed, in trials in which the neuron emitted zero spikes during the interval that showed a transient in average firing rate. We conclude that the transition from transient to sustained firing in neurons in area MT is caused by mechanisms that are neither input-specific nor controlled by the spiking of the adapting neuron. We propose that the short-term adaptation observed in area MT emerges from the intracortical circuit within MT.
The role of human papillomavirus testing in the management of women with low‐grade abnormalities: multicentre randomised controlled trial (2010)

We conclude that in younger women with low-grade cytological abnormalities, a single HPV test would not be useful in determining who should be referred for colposcopy or the most effective management at colposcopy. In women over 40, a negative HPV test could be used to rule out further investigation.
New Technique for Proppant Flowback and Improved Fracture Conductivities (2001)

Abstract Flowback of fracturing proppant during production is a common problem. The consequences of this can be extremely serious. Loss of fracture conductivity can occur due to reduced width, which can be further compounded by partial plugging of the pack by proppant fines. The latter are produced by non-uniform loading on the proppant with resultant failure and crushing. The produced solids can wreak havoc with both downhole and surface equipment, eroding chokes and nipples, plugging flow lines and filling separators. In the case of sub sea wells, the problems are even greater and can compromise well security. Since the 1980's, the standard solution applied for prevention of proppant flow back has been the use of curable resin coated proppant. While this approach has met with some success, it is far from perfect. The use of RCP's can cause fluid compatibility problems and can interfere with well clean up. Such problems have prompted resin manufacturers to modify their products and have also opened the door for the introduction of new technologies. Newer developments have included the use of small fibres to try to bind the proppant pack together or heat-sensitive plastic film to partially encapsulate clusters of proppant. These materials have reportedly been used with some success but concerns have been raised with regard to their effect on fracture conductivity, amongst other things. This paper describes the current methods in use and presents a new system that actually enhances fracture conductivity and minimises embedment and width-loss, while simultaneously helping prevent proppant back-production.
Power and spectrally efficient multi-dimensional WCDMA modem employing CPM (2007)

This paper introduces a multi-dimensional quadrature phase shift keying (MD-QPSK) structure for a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) modem that employs constant envelope linear root-of-unity (CE-LRU) filtered generalized chirp-like (GCL) complex spreading sequences (CSS's) and code- position-modulation (CPM). The resulting MD-QPSK CPM modem exhibits a spectrally efficient minimum (Nyquist) bandwidth output power spectral density (PSD). In addition, the transmitter output signal power is virtually constant. It is shown that the MD-QPSK CPM modem's data transmission rate is larger than other proposed WCDMA systems that use these unique CSS's, with a negligible difference in spectral occupancy.
La iniciación musical en bandas: sistematización de una experiencia significativa en el Programa Departamental de Bandas Estudiantiles de Caldas (2015)

En la presente ponencia se pretende mostrar como, desde la Practica Profesional Docente de la Universidad de Caldas y el ejercicio investigativo desarrollado desde el Semillero de Investigacion en Educacion Musical MUSICALINV, se llevan a cabo procesos reflexivos que promueven el desarrollo de experiencias significativas encaminadas a gestionar los procesos de iniciacion musical en bandas desde el desarrollo de competencias de docentes practicantes en su ejercicio de las practicas educativas, asi como el que ellos mismos generan en sus estudiantes a traves de la educacion musical.
The nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of a cobyrinic acid derivative (1965)

Abstract In an extension of studies on the exchange of meso-hydrogen in porphyrins and reduced porphyrins (R. Bonnett &amp; G.F. Stephenson, unpublished results) the nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of natural corrinoid derivatives have been investigated. Since it was hoped to observe a signal due to the CIO proton a nucleotide-free compound was desirable, and the hexacarboxylic acid (8-amino- cobyrinic acid c-lactam), prepared by the method of Bonnett, Cannon, Johnson &amp; Todd (1957), was selected.
SBAS Message Authentication: A review of Protocols, Figures of Merit and Standardization Plans (2021)

This paper presents an overview of SBAS L5 message authentication protocols proposed in the last years. We analyze 13 protocols from four sources: Stanford University, the EAST and SPARC projects, and a protocol proposed for the Australian SBAS. The protocols use L5Q, L5I, digital signatures and delayed disclosure based on TESLA. We also analyze figures of merit and weight their importance for the SBAS authentication protocol comparison, including protocol-specific figures AER (Authentication Error Rate), TBA (Time Between Authentications) and latency, and SBAS service figures (accuracy, integrity, continuity, availability). A plan for the definition, assessment and standardization of SBAS message authentication to be carried out by U.S.-EU Working Group C, in cooperation with EUROCAE WG62/RTCA-SC-159, is also outlined, with the goal of a potential addition of SBAS message authentication in the next version of the DFMC standard.
Down‐regulation of the EBV‐encoded membrane protein (LMP) in burkitt lymphomas (1987)

A radioimmunoassay (RIA) has been developed and used to determine the expression of LMP-a membrane protein encoded by the LT3 region of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome-in cell lines of various origins. The RIA was highly sensitive, specific and reproducible. All EBV-negative cell lines were LMP-negative and 18 of 21 EBV-carrying cells were LMP-positive. LMP concentrations varied widely, ranging approximately from less than 4 ng up to 650 ng/mg protein. In several instances comparisons were made between lymphoblastoid (LCLs) and Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cell lines (EBV-positive or EBV-converted sublines of originally EBV-negative BL) originating from the same patient. In all such cases LMP and LMP-specific mRNA levels were higher in the LCLs. Most of the LMP was found in the cytosol fraction, yet this fraction was negative in immunoblotting tests. However, antiserum preincubated with the cytosol lost its ability to react in immunoblotting with membrane LMP, indicating that the 2 LMP forms (membrane and cytosol) are completely cross-reactive.
Supplementary Data from Non-BRCA DNA Damage Repair Gene Alterations and Response to the PARP Inhibitor Rucaparib in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Analysis From the Phase II TRITON2 Study (2023)

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Evaluation of pre- and postoperative chemotherapy for resectable adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or gastroesophageal junction. (1990)

Thirty-five consecutive patients with resectable adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or gastroesophageal junction were treated with two preoperative and three or four postoperative chemotherapy courses consisting of etoposide, fluorouracil, and cisplatin (EFP) to evaluate the rate of curative resection, clinical and pathologic response, toxic effects, and survival. One hundred thirty-seven courses with a median number of five courses (range, one to six) were administered. Preoperative EFP resulted in 17 (49%) major responses, including six patients who did not have carcinoma cells in the repeat endoscopic biopsy specimens and cytologic brushings. Among 32 patients who had surgery, 25 (78%) had curative resection, one patient had a complete pathologic response, and one had microscopic carcinoma in the resected specimen. Six patients had microscopic carcinoma at the resection margins and received postoperative radiotherapy. At a median follow-up of 20 months, the projected survival of 35 patients is 23 months (range, 6 to 33+). Fifteen patients died of their carcinomas, and 15 patients were alive (median follow-up, 20+ months; range, 15+ to 33+ months) with no evidence of relapse. There were no deaths related to chemotherapy, surgery, or radiotherapy. EFP-induced toxic reactions were moderate. Our data suggest that multiple courses of EFP are feasible. Future strategies for this disease should consider prolonged chemotherapy with regimens that result frequently in pathologic complete responses.
Radiation-hardened phase-locked loop fabricated in 200 nm SOI-CMOS (2011)

We designed a phase-locked loop (PLL) operating at 200 MHz using 0.2 μm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology. By SPICE simulation with an appropriate single-event transient (SET) model, we achieved a radiation-hardened PLL that does not cause a SET upset upon ion irradiation with a linear energy transfer (LET) of 50 MeV-cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /mg at an areal penalty of 75%.
Viscosity of binary and tertinary liquid nonelectrolyte mixtures. Comparison of correlation equations and analysis of viscosity curves (1981)

The derived equations for correlation of viscosity of binary and ternary mixtures were tested and compared with those of McAllister, Chandramouli and Laddha. Testing on a large number of experimental data revealed that the equations for correlation of viscosity of binary mixtures are approximately as accurate as the equation of McAllister. On adding another coefficient, the relative deviations are lowered by 26-40%. Equations for correlation of viscosity of ternary mixtures are about as accurate as the equation of Chandramouli and Laddha. Analysis of viscosity curves of binary mixtures revealed a correlation between their form and the chemical nature of the components of the mixture.
Making simulated PET images indistinguishable from real PET images for evaluation purposes (2011)

1985 Objectives Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of PET scans are widely used to assess quantification methods. The simulated activity map (AM) is most often considered as piecewise constant, which may result in overestimation of performance. We describe a method to simulate PET images indistinguishable from real ones. Methods The input of the MC simulation consists of an estimated AM and associated attenuation map obtained from a patient PET/CT scan. A key step is to properly tune the spatial resolution (SR) and noise level (NL) of the input AM so as to reproduce PET images with SR and NL characteristic of clinical PET images. By simulating point sources with 0 to 20mm FWHM, we studied the relationship between SR in the input AM and in the PET images reconstructed from the simulated data. Using replicates of uniform activity distributions with NL (=SD/mean) varying from 0 to 90%, we characterized the propagation of NL from the input AM to the reconstructed images. All MC simulations were performed with GATE, based on a GEMINI GXL PET scanner. Images were reconstructed using OP-OSEM with 10 subsets, varying the number of iterations to change the SR/NL compromise. Results The NL in the images reconstructed from the simulated data was almost independent of NL in the input AM ( Conclusions Highly realistic clinical PET scans with complex activity distribution can be simulated by using very high resolution but noisy clinical scans obtained with a higher than usual iteration number for reconstruction
An education system on WWW for study color impression of art paintings applied NetCatalog (2003)

Proposes the NetCatalog application framework for making an application system in which we can search and browse image data on a WWW server by simple operations like browsing a catalog book. By applying the NetCatalog, we can build an educational system to visualize the relationship between color attributes and impressions of art paintings by finding kansei (subjective) information about a painting image. On the server side, this system consists of two database systems. One is an image attribute database and the other one is an index database containing color and kansei information about the paintings. The index database holds painting arrangement data, together with the order of variable color attributes and kansei information data. On the client side, we can browse variable arrangements of painting image data and select one of images to view its image attributes in more detail by using a typical WWW browser without any complicated operations. Due to NetCatalog's functions, we can compare, consider and order several images by simple operations, so that students can easily learn and consider the relationships between color and artistic impression by trial and error.
In Vitro Low-Level Resistance to Azoles in Candida albicans Is Associated with Changes in Membrane Lipid Fluidity and Asymmetry (2002)

The present study tracks the development of low-level azole resistance in in vitro fluconazole-adapted strains of Candida albicans, which were obtained by serially passaging a fluconazole-susceptible dose-dependent strain, YO1-16 (fluconazole MIC, 16 microg ml(-1)) in increasing concentrations of fluconazole, resulting in strains YO1-32 (fluconazole MIC, 32 microg ml(-1)) and YO1-64 (MIC, 64 microg ml(-1)). We show that acquired resistance to fluconazole in this series of isolates is not a random process but is a gradually evolved complex phenomenon that involves multiple changes, which included the overexpression of ABC transporter genes, e.g., CDR1 and CDR2, and the azole target enzyme, ERG11. The sequential rise in fluconazole MICs in these isolates was also accompanied by cross-resistance to other azoles and terbinafine. Interestingly, fluorescent polarization measurements performed by using the fluorescent probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene revealed that there was a gradual increase in membrane fluidity of adapted strains. The increase in fluidity was reflected by observed change in membrane order, which was considerably decreased (decrease in fluorescence polarization values, P value) in the adapted strain (P value of 0.1 in YO1-64, compared to 0.19 in the YO1-16 strain). The phospholipid composition of the adapted strain was not significantly altered; however, ergosterol content was reduced in YO1-64 from that in the YO1-16 strain. The asymmetrical distribution of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) between two monolayers of plasma membrane was also changed, with PE becoming more exposed to the outer monolayer in the YO1-64 strain. The results of the present study suggest for the first time that changes in the status of membrane lipid phase and asymmetry could contribute to azole resistance in C. albicans.
Performance Assessment of Darrieus Turbine with Modified Trailing Edge Airfoil for Low Wind Speeds (2017)

Darrieus wind turbines are simple lift based machines with exceptionally high efficiencies in terms of power coefficient compared to similar drag based vertical axis turbines. However, in low Reynolds numbers, a notable performance loss was reported. As a potential solution, truncated NACA 0018 airfoil (NACA 0018TC-39) has been introduced with baseline cavity modification to achieve better start-up characteristics and to enhance the low wind speed performance. The baseline cavity will provide an additional benefit of reverse drag at low TSR which is obligatory for low wind speed start-up. Numerical optimization has been carried out on the conceived airfoil NACA 0018TC-39 to find out the effective truncation percentage in terms of the chord. The numerical study has been extended to compare NACA 0018 and NACA 0018TC-39 airfoil for their aerodynamic performances in terms of lift, drag coefficients and separation characteristics. The NACA 0018TC-39 airfoil was incorporated within a non-swept straight bladed Darrieus turbine miniature to experimentally evaluate the performance in terms of dynamic power coefficient, dynamic torque coefficient and static torque coefficient and compared with conventional NACA 0018 airfoil at six different Reynolds numbers 178917, 193827, 208737, 223646, 238556 and 268376. The experimental contrast implied that NACA 0018TC-39 airfoil turbine yielded almost double power coefficients at low Reynolds number compared to conventional NACA 0018 airfoil without hampering its performance at higher Reynolds number.