gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enabling technology: High capacity wet mateable optic Connection (2012)

SEA CON® has raised the bar, with the recent introduction of a 8-48 channel Wet Mateable optic Connector (WMC). Based on the highly successful HydraLight wet mateable optic connector design, SEA CON's innovative design leverages the existing HydraLight components, and couples them with an existing multichannel insert, creating a high capacity, highly reliable optic wet mateable connector. This higher density WMC surely resets the bar for what is possible with undersea network architecture. The 24 channel version qualification is complete, with strong production interest from a number of market segments. This paper will provide a technical overview of this innovative product, and suggest possible applications. Key attributes include: Field proven sealing mechanism identical to the highly successful HydraLight design; APC contacts, configurable up to a maximum of 48; Combines HydraLight core design with multi-way insert from our successful G3 6 channel small form factor, wet mateable optic connector; Synthetic mineral oil compensation fluid; Fully compatible elastomers; Oil filled and pressure balanced design; Linear Latching and de-latching mechanism; Standard SEACON® Precision MKII PBOF 13mm Hose interface. This new product combines the highly desirable HydraLight wet mateable optic connector (over 3300 provided), with the multi-channel insert from our successful G3 downhole optical connector. A multi-channel optical insert allows each of the (up to) 8 HydraLight optical positions to be populated with a 6 way insert. This approach preserves the basic mechanics of the HydraLight, including the shells, seals and latching mechanism, and allows for a high density optical connection in a form factor identical to the current HydraLight connector. As is the case with the current HydraLight, the high capacity HydraLight can be equipped in either a ROV style, or a stab plate configuration. In addition, it may be configured with either oil filled hose, or hard cable. This highly innovative new product will be introduced, characterized, and then examples of how it can be used in a number of system applications will be discussed. This high capacity optical WMC is a game changer, and has the ability to reshape what can and cannot be done with subsea optical connectivity.
Density functional study of the Au-intercalated graphene/Ni(111) surface (2010)

We have studied the effect of Au intercalation on the atomic and electronic structure of the graphene/Ni(111) surface by using density functional theory calculations. Our calculations demonstrate that (1) Au atoms energetically favor interface intercalation over surface adsorption, (2) Au intercalation drastically changes the electronic structure of graphene/Ni(111) so that the graphene $\ensuremath{\pi}$ bands almost recover the Dirac cone of ideal free-standing graphene, and (3) the Fermi edge locates closely at the Dirac point, indicating that the underlying Au/Ni(111) substrate is inert. The present theory confirms a recent experimental claim that graphene grown on Ni(111) and intercalated by one monolayer Au can be regarded as quasifree standing.
Male-only Systemic Lupus (2010)

Because women in the all-male families had positive antinuclear antibodies, and men are more likely to have children with SLE, these data suggest genetic susceptibility factors that act only in men.
Comparative Study of Human and Rat Mammary Tumorigenesis (1990)

We have learned through the study of human breast cancer that this disease is the result of a combination of factors, among them external factors such as ionizing radiation, diet, socioeconomic status and endocrinologic, familial or genetic factors. Among all of these factors, the development of breast cancer is influenced by the reproductive history of the individual; lower risk of breast cancer has been reported in women that have had an early full-term pregnancy (109, 110, 154, 162).
In Situ Photoactivation of a Caged Phosphotyrosine Peptide Derived from Focal Adhesion Kinase Temporarily Halts Lamellar Extension of Single Migrating Tumor Cells (2021)

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, mediates integrin-based cell signaling by transferring signals regulating cell migration, adhesion, and survival from the extracellular matrix to the cytoplasm. Following autophosphorylation at tyrosine 397, FAK binds the Src homology 2 domains of Src and phosphoinositide 3-kinase, among several other possible binding partners. To further investigate the role of phosphorylated FAK in cell migration in situ, peptides comprising residues 391-406 of human FAK with caged phosphotyrosine 397 were synthesized. Although the caged phosphopeptides were stable to phosphatase activity, the free phosphopeptides showed a half-life of approximately 10-15 min in cell lysates. Migrating NBT-II cells (a rat bladder tumor cell line) were microinjected with the caged FAK peptide and locally photoactivated using a focused laser beam. The photoactivation of caged FAK peptide in 8-microm diameter spots over the cell body led to the temporary arrest of the leading edge migration within approximately 1 min of irradiation. In contrast, cell body migration was not inhibited. Microinjection of a non-caged phosphorylated tyrosine 397 FAK peptide into migrating NBT-II cells also led to lamellar arrest; however, this approach lacks the temporal control afforded by the caged phosphopeptides. Photoactivation of related phosphotyrosine peptides with altered sequences did not result in transient lamellar arrest. We hypothesize that the phosphorylated FAK peptide competes with the endogenous FAK for binding to FAK effectors including, but not limited to, Src and phosphoinositide 3-kinase, causing spatiotemporal misregulation and subsequent lamellar arrest.
Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Stereoselective Spiroketalizations (2013)

The spiroketal functionality is an important structural motif present in numerous natural products. The synthesis of chiral spiroketals is typically achieved under equilibrating conditions and only few asymmetric approaches are known. We have demonstrated that chiral phosphoric acids (CPAs) could serve as effective catalysts for enantioselective spiroketalizations as well as control the course of the corresponding diastereoselective reactions.
Quantum optical coherence: From linear to nonlinear interferometers (2021)

Interferometers provide a highly sensitive means to investigate and exploit the coherence properties of light in metrology applications. However, interferometers come in various forms and exploit different properties of the optical states within. In this paper, we introduce a classification scheme that characterizes any interferometer based on the number of involved nonlinear elements by studying their influence on single-photon and photon-pair states. Several examples of specific interferometers from these more general classes are discussed, and the theory describing the expected first-order and second-order coherence measurements for single-photon and single-photon-pair input states is summarized and compared. These theoretical predictions are then tested in an innovative experimental setup that is easily able to switch between implementing an interferometer consisting of only one or two nonlinear elements. The resulting singles and coincidence rates are measured in both configurations and the results are seen to fit well with the presented theory. The measured results of coherence are tied back to the presented classification scheme, revealing that our experimental design can be useful in gaining insight into the properties of the various interferometeric setups containing different degrees of nonlinearity.
Comparative study of the hydration of hydrophilic contact lenses by refractive index and gravimetry. (2000)

Gravimetry is more accurate, but more cumbersome and time-consuming than the index of refraction for the determination of the hydration of the hydrogel contact lenses. However, when a fast and easy method is required to obtain the approximate hydration of hydrogel contact lenses, the use of the refractive index method can give acceptable results for most applications.
Integrated 3D Skin Color Model for Robust Skin Color Detection of Various Races (2009)

올바른 피부색 검출은 사람의 얼굴 검출 및 동작 분석에서 매우 중요한 전처리과정에 속한다. 피부 검출은 일반적으로 화소의 칼라 공간을 Non-RGB로 변형하고, 피부색의 조명 요소를 제거한 다음 피부색 분포 모델에 의해 Skin과 Non-Skin으로 분류하는 3단계로 진행된다. 이는 피부색 검출이 칼라 공간, 조명 요소의 존재 여부, 피부 모델링 방법에 따라 수행 성능에 많은 영향을 받기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 조명 조건에 따라 피부색 모델의 범위에 차이가 있다는 사실에 기초하여 다양한 조명 조건과 복잡한 배경을 가진 영상에서 효과적으로 다인종의 피부색을 분류해내 기 위한 3차원 피부색 모델을 제시하고자 한다. 제안된 피부색 모델은 화소의 칼라 공간을 YCbCr공간으로 변형하고, 각 요소(Y, Cb, Cr) 값에 의한 3차원 피부색 모델을 형성한다. 다인종의 피부색을 함께 분할하기 위해 인종(백인, 흑인, 황인)별 피부색 모델을 먼저 생성한 후 각각의 모델에서 피부색 확률에 따라 결합한 다인종을 위한 통합 모델을 생성하였다. 또한 우리는 적은 양의 훈련 데이터로 피부색 영역을 올바르게 검출할 수 있도록 여러 단계의 피부색 영역을 설정하였다. The correct detection of skin color is an important preliminary process in fields of face detection and human motion analysis. It is generally performed by three steps: transforming the pixel color to a non-RGB color space, dropping the illuminance component of skin color, and classifying the pixels by the skin color distribution model. Skin detection depends on by various factors such as color space, presence of the illumination, skin modeling method. In this paper we propose a 3d skin color model that can segment pixels with several ethnic skin color from images with various illumination condition and complicated backgrounds. This proposed skin color model are formed with each components(Y, Cb, Cr) which transform pixel color to YCbCr color space. In order to segment the skin color of several ethnic groups together, we first create the skin color model of each ethnic group, and then merge the skin color model using its skin color probability. Further, proposed model makes several steps of skin color areas that can help to classify proper skin color areas using small training data.
Analyse de biomarqueurs peptidiques et protéiques de la maladie d'Alzheimer, de l'électrophorèse capillaire aux microsystèmes (2014)

In obstructive HCM patients, increased AT is significantly related to symptoms after adjustment for sex, negative inotropes, PV, LVOT diameter, and diastolic dysfunction, and is associated with the symptomatic status during follow-up. AT represents an easily measured echocardiographic variable with excellent inter-reader reproducibility.
Building IEEE 802.15.4 Accelerators for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Nodes (2017)

Bringing IPv6 connectivity to low-end wireless sensor nodes leads to considerable device resources utilization, e.g., central processing unit and energy, caused by the increased amount of data transferred over the network that needs to be handled. In order to reduce these overheads, this letter proposes an IEEE 802.15.4 accelerator for heterogeneous wireless sensor systems that target the Internet of Things sensing applications, which include on the same node, field-programmable gate array technology beside a microcontroller provided with wireless connectivity. The deployed solution implements the Third-level of filtering specified by the standard, and performs basic packet handling such as the detection of multiple receptions of the same frame. The obtained results show the benefits of including such accelerator on the reconfigurable computing unit, offering nearly 17 of overhead reduction. All filtering functionalities are executed by the accelerator to discard unneeded data frames, which avoids unnecessary interrupts to the operating system and increases the system availability up to 59.
33 Family carers and professionals’ experiences of managing people living with dementia – nutrition and hydration needs towards the end-of-life (2021)

<h3>Background</h3> People living with dementia may experience difficulties with eating and drinking, affecting their nutrition and hydration throughout the dementia trajectory. Such difficulties increase towards the end-of-life causing a strain on family carers. The aim of this study was to understand the needs of family carers and professionals supporting the person with dementia with nutrition and hydration towards the end-of-life and the strategies used to manage these challenges. <h3>Methods</h3> Forty-one semi-structured interviews with family carers (n = 21) and professionals (n = 20) were conducted in London and surrounding areas in 2019–20 to explore their experiences. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis methods. <h3>Results</h3> Five themes were identified: family carers struggling before seeking help, perceived priorities of care, professionals’ support and educational roles, nutrition and hydration challenges, and strategies. Family carers often find it hard to adapt to the changing nutrition and hydration challenges associated with the progression of dementia. Comfort becomes the focus of care instead of nutrition once the approach of the end of life is accepted. Professionals and family carers need to work together to better respond to changing needs and may be able to learn from one another. Physical impairments also impact on initial cognitive difficulties affecting individuals’ nutrition and hydration needs towards the end-of-life. Flexibility and creativity are key to adapt to these changing needs towards the end-of-life. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We need to establish how and when is best to hold discussions with family carers about changes in nutrition and hydration associated with the progression of dementia. Professional support to understand the transition towards care provision that becomes more focused on ensuring comfort and enjoyment towards the end-of-life may be helpful to family carers. The components of this and its acceptability need to be explored as well as professional capability and capacity.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Biotin-Alginate Conjugate and Its Application in a Biosensor Construction (2004)

Biotin was covalently coupled with alginate in an aqueous-phase reaction by means of carbodiimide-mediated activation chemistry to provide a biotin-alginate conjugate for subsequent use in biosensor applications. The synthetic procedure was optimized with respect to pH of the reaction medium (pH 6.0), the degree of uronic acid activation (20%), and the order of addition of the reagents. The biotin-alginate conjugate was characterized by titration with 2-anilinonaphthalene-6-sulfonic acid (2,6-ANS), 4-hydroxyazobene-2'-carboxylic acid (HABA) and by an HPSEC-MALLS analytical method as well as by FTIR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. As a compromise between the need for a high percent of molar modification of the alginate, on one hand, and sufficient gelling capability, on the other hand, an optimal modification of 10-13% of biotin-alginate was used. The new biotin-alginate conjugate was used for the encapsulation of bioluminescent reporter cells into microspheres. A biosensor was prepared by conjugating these biotinylated alginate microspheres to the surface of a streptavidin-coated optical fiber, and the performance of the biosensor was demonstrated in the determination of the antibiotic, mitomycin C as a model toxin.
Characterization and characteristics of a ULE glass tailored for EUVL needs (2002)

The EUVL industry has unique material requirements, which are being addressed. Implementation of metrology methods new to ULE Glass will be discussed along with material characteristics altered to meet the needs of EUVL. Metrology methods include multiple means of evaluating the striae, CTE and inclusions. Material characteristics have been altered to better meet the demands of the industry. The reduction in inclusion levels along with other improvements such as in the area of striae will be discussed here. Improvements of greater than 4x were achieved in these preliminary striae reduction trials.
Nucleoprotein architecture and ColE1 dimer resolution: a hypothesis (1998)

Dimers of plasmid ColE1 are converted to monomers by site‐specific recombination, a process that requires 240 bp of DNA ( cer ) and four host‐encoded proteins (XerC, XerD, ArgR and PepA). Here, we propose structures for nucleoprotein complexes involved in cer –Xer recombination based upon existing knowledge of the structures of component proteins and computational analyses of protein structure and DNA curvature. We propose that, in the nucleoprotein complex at a single cer site, a PepA hexamer acts as an adaptor, connecting the heterodimeric recombinase (XerCD) to an ArgR hexamer. This provides a protein core around which the cer site wraps, its exact path being defined by strong sequence‐specific interactions with ArgR and XerCD, weak interactions with PepA and sequence‐dependent flexibility of cer . The initial association of single‐site complexes (pairing) is proposed to occur via an ArgR–PepA interaction. Pairing between sites in a plasmid dimer is stabilized by DNA supercoiling and is followed by a structural isomerization to form a recombination‐proficient synaptic complex. We propose that paired structures formed between sites in trans are too short‐lived to permit synaptic complex formation. There is thus an energetic barrier to inappropriate recombination reactions. Our proposals are consistent with a wide range of experimental observations.
Cyclical Annealing Schedule: A Simple Approach to Mitigating (2019)

Hao Fu, Chunyuan Li, Xiaodong Liu, Jianfeng Gao, Asli Celikyilmaz, Lawrence Carin. Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 1 (Long and Short Papers). 2019.
Project prioritization and selection: the disaster scenario (2003)

The glamour in the IT domain is in the project. Major projects command the attention of the profession; methods for managing, controlling and planning projects have been developed and refined; metrics, testing and validation routines and quality assurance processes are fundamental. On the other hand, much of the day-to-day routine of the IT function is concerned with continuing, rather than project-based, work. Operations, security, quality assurance, skill development, recruitment and many other activities are not normally created and managed as projects. Different values, practices and issues are involved. The area of disaster recovery planning (DRP) is also an ongoing commitment. While writing a DRP plan may be a small project, maintaining the organization's preparedness to deal with disasters, crises and contingencies is never-ending. This paper examines the background to the low commitment to DRP in many organizations, working from the perspective of the IT professional. We describe a sample survey of Australian organizations where the responsibility for DRP is clearly shown to fall on the IT manager in the relatively few organizations that take it seriously. The paper raises the question of links between job attitudes of IT personnel and the DRP practices of organizations. Conclusions are derived showing a need for organizational commitment to the less glamorous but necessary issues of DRP. Strategies for overcoming this resistance include defining "active", terminating projects for DRP and making DRP more attractive in project terms.
Virtual resistance based active damping solution for constant power instability in AC microgrids (2011)

With ever-increasing share of power electronic loads constant power instability is becoming a significant issue in microgrids, especially when they operate in the islanding mode. Transient conditions like resistive load-shedding or sudden increase of constant power loads (CPL) might destabilize the whole system. Modeling and stability analysis of AC microgrids with CPLs have already been discussed in literature. However, no effective solutions are provided to stabilize this kind of system. Therefore, this paper proposes a virtual resistance based active damping method to eliminate constant power instability in AC microgrids. Advantages and limitations of the proposed method are also discussed in detail. Simulation results are presented to validate the proposed active damping solution.
Methods for Quantitation of Leukocyte Chemotaxis and Fugetaxis (2010)

Chemoattraction and chemorepulsion are complex directional responses of a cell to external chemotactic stimuli. The decision of a cell to move towards or away from a chemokinetic source includes detection and quantitation of the gradient of the chemotactic agent, biochemical transmission of the stimulus, and translation into a directional migration. This chapter describes a number of in vitro and in vivo assays that can be used to generate and measure both chemoattraction and chemorepulsion of leucocytes. These tools may eventually allow the further characterisation of the mechanism of this complex and physiologically and pathologically important phenomenon.
Bedside monitoring of cerebral oxygenation using DOT (2010)

We report use of high-density DOT imaging to obtain quantitative regional maps of OEF measured on the human occipital cortex. Analyses of pulse and respiration waveforms are used to separate arterial and venous weighted tissue compartments.
The genetic basis of obesity complications (2017)

Intensive research is currently being performed into the genetic background of excess body mass compli- cations such as diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, especially atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Chronic inflammation is an important process in the pathogenesis of obesity, wherein there is an aberrant ex- pression of genes encoding adipokines. Visceral tissue is characterized by a higher expression and secretion of interleukin-8, interleukin-1ß and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in the subcutaneous tissue secretion of leptin prevails. An important complication of obesity is obstructive sleep apnea, often observed in Prader- Willi syndrome. The genetic background of sleep apnea may be a polymorphism of the SREBF1 gene. The consequence of excess body mass is metabolic syndrome, which may be related to the occurrence of the rs926198 variant of gene encoding caveolin-1. The genes of transcription factor TCF7L2 and PPAR-γ2 take part in the pathogenesis of diabetes development. It has been demonstrated that oncogenes FOS, FOSB, and JUN may be co-responsible not only for obesity but also for osteoporosis and colorectal cancer. It has been shown that weight loss causes a modification in the expression of about 100 genes involvedt in the production of substances such as cytokines and other responsible for chronic inflammation in obesity. In future studies on the complications of obesity, such scientific disciplines as proteomics, peptidomics, metabolomics and transcriptomics should be used. The aim of this study is to present the current state of knowledge about the genetic basis of obesity complications.
Photovoltaic cell characteristics for high-intensity laser light in fiber optic power transmission systems (2003)

As a basic study of a fiber optic power transmission system, characteristics of a photovoltaic (PV) cell for high-intensity laser light were investigated. The energy conversion efficiency much higher than that for solar light was experimentally confirmed. As a degradation factor of the energy conversion efficiency of the PV cell, the effect of the heat caused by the laser was clarified. We showed that a heat radiator could effectively suppress the temperature increase and maintain the high conversion efficiency. We also clarified that the minute value of series resistance of the PV cell could degrade the PV cell characteristics.
Prevalence of Familiality, Obstetric Complications, and Structural Brain Damage in Schizophrenic Patients (1988)

Schizophrenic in-patients with and without a family history were identified prospectively. The two groups did not differ with respect to clinical variables, ventricular enlargement, prevalence of cortical sulcal widening, or a history of obstetric complications, even when a variety of definitions of familiality were used.