gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deblended-Data Reconstruction for Time-Lapse Seismic Monitoring (2017)

Abstract We introduce a generalized concept of the so-called blending and deblending, and establish the generalized-blending and -deblending models. Accordingly, we establish a method of deblending, or deblended-data reconstruction, using these models. The generalized blending can handle real-life situations; this includes random encoding both in the space and time domain, both at the source and receiver side, thus all incoherent shooting, inhomogeneous shooting, non-uniform and under sampling. Similarly, the generalized deblending includes data reconstruction that works for all shot-generated-wavefields separation, spectrum recovery and balancing, regularization and interpolation, again both at the source and receiver side. However, we do face a challenging question: how to fully reconstruct deblended data from the fully generalized blended data. To address this challenge, we consider an iterative optimization scheme using a so-called closed-loop approach. We use the properties of blended signal specified by the blending code: the coherency of blended signal versus the incoherency of blending noise in the pseudo-deblended domain. This can be posed as an inverse problem with quantifying the coherency and its solutions by selecting optimal metrics of the coherency. We applied this method to synthetic datasets. The results show that our method succeeded to fully reconstruct deblended data from the fully generalized blended data. We discuss its applicability to time-lapse seismic monitoring as it ensures high repeatability of the surveys. Our methodology should reduce the repeatability problem because reconstructing deblended data in monitor surveys is much more realistic and reliable than positioning sources and receivers exactly as the baseline survey.
Pulse Pressure and Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression in Postmenopausal Women (2004)

Pulse pressure, an index of large artery stiffness, has been associated with coronary events. However, mechanisms for this association remain unclear. In this study, we examined the relationship between pulse pressure and the progression of coronary atherosclerosis and the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on pulse pressure in postmenopausal women with angiographically confirmed coronary disease followed for 3.2 years in the Estrogen Replacement in Atherosclerosis (ERA) trial. In the ERA trial, 309 postmenopausal women (mean age 66+/-7 years) with coronary disease were randomized to estrogen, estrogen plus progestin, or placebo, and followed for 3.2 years. Ten standardized epicardial segments were measured for minimal diameter values at baseline and follow-up using quantitative coronary angiography. For this study, mixed-model analysis of covariance was used to: (1) test the association between pulse pressure and change in mean minimum diameter (MMD) adjusted for baseline MMD and (2) the effect of HRT on follow-up pulse pressure. After adjustment for potential confounders, there was a significant graded increase in progression of coronary stenosis with increasing quartiles of baseline pulse pressure (P test for trend=0.0001). The progression rate in women with the highest quartile of baseline pulse pressure was 5-fold higher than in women in the lowest quartile (P<0.01). In postmenopausal women with coronary disease, increased levels of baseline pulse pressure are associated with subsequent progression of coronary atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women. HRT had no detectable effect on pulse pressure.
Nonhuman Primate Models to Study Anxiety, Emotion Regulation, and Psychopathology (2003)

This paper demonstrates that the rhesus monkey provides an excellent model to study mechanisms underlying human anxiety and fear and emotion regulation. In previous studies with rhesus monkeys, stable, brain, endocrine, and behavioral characteristics related to individual differences in anxiety were found. It was suggested that, when extreme, these features characterize an anxious endophenotype and that these findings in the monkey are particularly relevant to understanding adaptive and maladaptive anxiety responses in humans. The monkey model is also relevant to understanding the development of human psychopathology. For example, children with extremely inhibited temperament are at increased risk to develop anxiety disorders, and these children have behavioral and biological alterations that are similar to those described in the monkey anxious endophenotype. It is likely that different aspects of the anxious endophenotype are mediated by the interactions of limbic, brain stem, and cortical regions. To understand the brain mechanisms underlying adaptive anxiety responses and their physiological concomitants, a series of studies in monkeys lesioning components of the neural circuitry (amygdala, central nucleus of the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex) hypothesized to play a role are currently being performed. Initial findings suggest that the central nucleus of the amygdala modulates the expression of behavioral inhibition, a key feature of the endophenotype. In preliminary FDG positron emission tomography (PET) studies, functional linkages were established between the amygdala and prefrontal cortical regions that are associated with the activation of anxiety.
OpenGIS® Implementation Standard for Geographic information - Simple feature access - Part 1: Common architecture [Corrigendum] (2011)

This standard establishes a common architecture and defines terms to use within the architecture. This standard does not attempt to standardize and does not depend upon any part of the mechanism by which Types are added and maintained, including the following: a) syntax and functionality provided for defining types; b) syntax and functionality provided for defining functions; c) physical storage of type instances in the database; d) specific terminology used to refer to User Defined Types, for example UDT. This standard does standardize names and geometric definitions for Types for Geometry. This standard does not place any requirements on how to define the Geometry Types in the internal schema nor does it place any requirements on when or how or who defines the Geometry Types.
Genotype identification of <i>Flavobacterium psychrophilum</i> isolated from ayu <i>Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis</i> in rivers of Kochi Prefecture (2020)

高知県全域の複数河川において，2007-2019年に，アユ死亡魚と発症魚から冷水病菌をそれぞれ28株および10株分離した。分離した冷水病菌の遺伝子型をPCR-RFLP，MLST解析等を用いて，10遺伝子によって判別した。その結果，分離された冷水病菌の遺伝子型はG-C/A/S/52型が多かった。また，県内河川の冷水病発生数は2015年以降に増加し，2018年に最も多かった。2015年以降の死亡魚由来の菌は殆どがG-C/A/S/52型であり，近年の冷水病発生はこの型が主因と考えられた。
Using precision farming technology to quantify yield effects attributed to weed competition and herbicide application (2011)

G erhards R, G utjahr C, W eis M, K eller M, S ökefeld M, M öhring J &amp; P iepho HP (2011). Using precision farming technology to quantify yield effects attributed to weed competition and herbicide application. Weed Research 52 , 6–15. Summary Field experiments using precision farming technology and Geographic Information Systems, following a so‐called Precision Experimental Design, were conducted in maize, winter barley and winter wheat and compared with two randomised plot experiments in maize to quantify yield effects attributed to weed competition and weed control. Fields were divided into cells, and weed densities for all weed species, soil conductivity and grain yield were measured in each cell. Untreated plots and herbicide treatments against grass weeds or broad‐leaved weeds were included in all three experiments. Chenopodium album , Polygonum spp. and Echinochloa crus‐galli were the dominating weed species in maize. Stellaria media , Veronica hederifolia , Matricaria chamomilla , Alopecurus myosuroides and Galium aparine were the most abundant weed species in the winter barley and winter wheat fields. All species were distributed heterogeneously within the fields with densities ranging from 0 to more than 200 plants m −2 . In the Precision Experimental Design, it was found that grass‐weed competition and herbicide application had a significant effect on grain yield, using a linear mixed model with spatial correlation structure to determine the effects of groups of weed species, soil variability and herbicide application on grain yield separately. When a conventional plot experiment was set up in the same field, no statistically significant grain yield difference between the treatments was found. The results highlight the benefits of Precision Experimental Design for studying weed–crop competition. Data can be used to calculate yield loss functions for groups of weed species and to create a decision support system for site‐specific weed control.
Effects of Shear and Cooling Rate on the Crystallization Behavior and Structure of Cocoa Butter: Shear Applied During the Early Stages of Nucleation (2017)

Here we investigated the effects of applied shear and temperature during the early stages of nucleation on the isothermal crystallization behavior and microstructure of cocoa butter (CB). Results showed that the composition of nucleating triacylglycerols (TAGs) as well as crystalline microstructure and polymorphism of CB were affected by mixing and temperature gradients while still in the molten state. The initial crystalline material isolated from CB after it had been subjected to shear had a similar TAG composition as native CB. However, in the absence of shear, high melting TAGs such as trisaturates (SSS) along with lower amounts of monounsaturated TAGs (SUS) were present, possibly due to fractionation. After subjecting CB to shear in its molten state, crystallization rates were faster due to the cocrystallization of different TAGs into a mixed crystal; however, the polymorphic transition into the more stable β-V form was found to be slower due to inherent complexity in TAG composition. Under static conditions, the presence of high amounts of homogeneous TAGs (SSS) was correlated to faster polymorphic transformations possibly due to a templating effect.
MIMO Applications for Multibeam Satellites (2019)

High throughput satellites employing multibeam antennas and full frequency reuse for broadband satellite services are considered in this paper. Such architectures offer, for example, a cost-effective solution to optimize data delivery and extend the coverage areas in future 5G networks. We propose the application of the multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology in both the feeder link and the multiuser downlink. Spatial multiplexing of different data streams is performed in a common feeder beam. In the user links, MIMO with multiple beams is exploited to simultaneously serve different users in the same frequency channel. Under particular design constraints, effective spatial separation of the multiple user signals is possible. To mitigate the inter-stream interference in the MIMO feeder link as well as the multiuser downlink, precoding of the transmit signals is applied. Simulation results illustrate the performance gains in terms of sum throughput.
Early radiographic response to epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor in non-small cell lung cancer patients with epidermal growth factor receptor mutations: A prospective study (2014)

A very high percentage (72.4%, 21/29) of NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations with PR demonstrates early radiological response to EGFR-TKIs, which would advocate early radiological examination for EGFR-TKI therapy in NSCLC patients.
On the Addition of Nitorogen and Oxygen Gases to Shielding Gas of MIG Welding in Aluminum and its Alloys (1970)

In this study, the effects of nitrogen an/or oxygen added to shielding gas on the weldability of aluminum alloys were investigated.Test materials were welded by manual and machine MIG welding equipments under various welding conditions.Weldability was evaluated by various properties of welds, such as appearance, shape and depth of penetration, porosities, structures, mechanical properties and others.The results were as follows:(1) Addition of nitrogen to argon gas was apt to form brown scales on bead surface of aluminum and its alloys, particularly of Al-Mg alloys, but the bead shape was scarcely disturbed by the addition of up to 10% nitrogen.It increased the depth of penetration and improved the tensile strength with refined structures of weld metal. Furthermore, it reduced the porosities in commercially pure aluminum welds, though it was not always effective for reducing them in aluminum alloys, particularly in alloys containing magnesium considerably.(2) Addition of oxygen to argon gas was apt to cause the puckering phenomenon, but that of up to 5% oxygen gave a comparatively excellent bead shape with no puckering.It increased the depth of penetration and produced the welds with few porosities in both aluminum and its alloys.(3) Simultaneous addition of nitrogen and oxygen to argon gas disturbed the bead shape with remarkable scales.It tended to form inclusions in welds, while it increased considerably the depth of penetration and occasionally decreased the porosities.(4) Consequently, it was considered that addition of nitrogen gas up to 10% or that of oxygen gas up to 5% was effective in practical applications, but simultaneous addition of them was not desirable.
A Novel Online Four-Dimensional SEC×SEC-IM×MS Methodology for Characterization of Monoclonal Antibody Size Variants (2018)

The determination of size variants is a major critical quality attribute of a therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb that may affect the drug product safety, potency, and efficacy. Size variant characterization often relies on size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), which could be hampered by difficult identification of peaks. On the other hand, mass spectrometry (MS)-based techniques performed in nondenaturing conditions have proven to be valuable for mAb-related compound characterization. On the basis of the observation that limited SEC performance was observed in nondenaturing MS compatible ammonium acetate buffer compared with classical phosphate salts, a multidimensional analytical approach was proposed. It combines comprehensive online two-dimensional chromatography (SEC×SEC), with ion mobility and mass spectrometry (IM-MS) in nondenaturing conditions for the characterization of a variety of mAbs. We first exemplify the versatility of our approach for simultaneous detection, identification, and quantitation of adalimumab size variants. Benefits of the SEC×SEC-native IM×MS were further highlighted on forced degraded pembrolizumab and bevacizumab samples, for which the 4D setup was mandatory to obtain an extensive and unambiguous identification, and accurate quantitation of unexpected high/low molecular weight species (HMWS and LMWS). In this specific context, monomeric conformers were detected by IM-MS as HMWS or LMWS. Altogether, our results emphasize the power of comprehensive 2D LC×LC setups hyphenated to IM×MS in nondenaturing conditions with unprecedented performance including: (i) maintaining optimal SEC performance (under classical nonvolatile salt conditions), (ii) performing online native MS identification, and (iii) providing IM-MS conformational characterization of all separated size variants.
Asynchronous datapath with software-controlled on-chip adaptive voltage scaling for multirate signal processing applications (2003)

Adaptive control of the power supply is one of the most effective variables to achieve energy-efficient computation. In this work, we describe the development of a high-performance asynchronous micropipelined datapath that provides robust interfaces across voltage domains, performing appropriate voltage level conversions and operating between stages with fanout-of-four delays differing by almost two orders of magnitude. With software-specified throughput requirements, the power supply of the datapath is scaled from 2.5 V to 600 mV using an on-chip dc-dc conversion system that combines linear regulators and switched-capacitor power supplies. Because of the asynchronous design style, the processor operates continuously during the voltage scaling transitions.
Orthogonal wavefront-multiplexing architecture for communications in non-contiguous channels (2013)

In this paper, we investigate the issue of pulse propagation in a fragmented spectrum (FS) and adaptive equalization using embedded probing signals via feed forward paths only. A novel wavefront (WF) multiplexing (Muxing) and de-multiplexing (Demuxing) scheme as a pre- and post- processing method is proposed for wideband waveforms or data symbols propagation through non-contiguous (NC) frequency slots in an FS. Embedded probing signals as a part of the input to the WF Muxing processor are used for diagnostic as a part of an equalization procedure. The performance of this scheme is evaluated via simulations. The results show pulse distortions can be minimized by equalizing propagation effects of NC channels via the WF Muxing and Demuxing techniques.
Ebene Kurvengetriebe (2011)

Kurvengetriebe mit mindestens drei Gliedern und in der Standardbauform mit einem Rollenstößel oder Rollenhebel als Abtriebsglied (Abschnitt 2.4.2.2) werden als kompakte Baugruppe in der mechanisierten Fertigung und in der Handhabungstechnik eingesetzt, überwiegend als Übertragungsgetriebe. Durch eine geeignete Profilgebung des Kurvenkörpers lässt sich (fast) jedes Bewegungsgesetz am Abtrieb realisieren; diesem Vorteil steht der Nachteil der im Vergleich mit den Gelenken (niedere Elementenpaare) reiner Gelenkgetriebe größeren Belastungsempfindlichkeit im Kurvengelenk gegenüber. In der Kombination mit Gelenkgetrieben sind Kurvengetriebe auch als Führungsgetriebe zu verwenden [7.5].
Protein Transduction Based Therapies for Breast Cancer (2004)

Abstract : We have demonstrated that certain transduction peptides such as 12 lysines and 12 arginines can facilitate internalization into breast tumor lines with higher efficiency than smaller polymers of cationic amino acids. In addition, we have demonstrated that PTD-Sma34 worked in conjunction with Ad.TRAIL gene transfer to induce breast tumor apoptosis. We also have demonstrated that membrane bound TRAIL worked more effectively than soluble (secreted) TRAIL to induce breast cancer apoptosis. Moreover, we have demonstrated that co-administration of Ad.TRAIL with PTD-Smac34 resulted in not only enhanced adenoviral transduction of the tumors, but resulted in a stronger apoptotic effect. Finally, we have initiated studies to identify breast cancer specific tumor lines by screening a peptide phage display library both in cell culture as well as in nude mice bearing xenografts. Initial results in prostate tumors has demonstrated the feasibility of this approach and suggests breast tumor specific internalization peptides can be identified.
Self-consistent extraction of spectroscopic bounds on light new physics (2022)

Fundamental physical constants are determined from a collection of precision measurements of elementary particles, atoms and molecules. This is usually done under the assumption of the Standard Model~(SM) of particle physics. Allowing for light new physics~(NP) beyond the SM modifies the extraction of fundamental physical constants. Consequently, setting NP bounds using these data, and at the same time assuming the CODATA recommended values for the fundamental physical constants, is not reliable. As we show in this Letter, both SM and NP parameters can be simultaneously determined in a consistent way from a global fit. For light vectors with QED-like couplings, such as the dark photon, we provide a prescription that recovers the degeneracy with the photon in the massless limit, and requires calculations only at leading order in the small new physics couplings. At present, the data show tensions partially related to the proton charge radius determination. We show that these can be alleviated by including contributions from a light scalar with flavor non-universal couplings.
Deuteration of nonexchangeable protons on proteins affects their thermal stability, side‐chain dynamics, and hydrophobicity (2020)

We have investigated the effect of deuteration of non-exchangeable protons on protein global thermal stability, hydrophobicity, and local flexibility using well-known thermostable model systems such as the villin headpiece subdomain (HP36) and the third immunoglobulin G-binding domain of protein G (GB3). Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) measurements as a function of temperature probe global thermal stability in the presence of acetonitrile, while differential scanning calorimetry determines thermal stability in solution. Both indicate small but measurable changes in the order of several degrees. RP-HPLC also permitted quantification of the effect of deuteration of just three core phenylalanine side chains of HP36. NMR dynamics investigation has focused on methyl axes motions using cross-correlated relaxation measurements. The analysis of order parameters provided a complex picture indicating that deuteration generally increases motional amplitudes of sub-nanosecond motion in GB3 but decreases those in HP36. Combined with earlier dynamics measurements at C<sub>α</sub> -C<sub>β</sub> sites and backbone sites of GB3, which probed slower time scales, the results point to the need to probe multiple atoms in the protein and variety of time scales to the discern the full complexity of the effects of deuteration on dynamics.
GFRalpha3 is expressed predominantly in nociceptive sensory neurons (2001)

Activation of the RET receptor tyrosine kinase by glial-derived neurotrophic factor family members is dependent on a family of coreceptors, GFRalpha1-4. GFRalpha3 preferentially binds the newest member of the glial-derived neurotrophic factor family of ligands, artemin. The major site of GFRalpha3 expression is in the dorsal root ganglion; however, the class of sensory neurons that expresses GFRalpha3 has not been reported previously. Using immunohistochemical methods, we show that the majority of dorsal root ganglion cells that express GFRalpha3 also express vanilloid receptor type 1, peripherin, RET, trkA and calcitonin gene-related peptide. In addition, a significant subpopulation of GFRalpha3-expressing cells also binds the lectin IB4. We demonstrate that GFRalpha3 artemin neurons are immunopositive for markers expected of nociceptors and include a subset of neurons distinct from the GDNF-responsive population. Our results indicate artemin may exert selective effects on pain sensation.
Iodine‐Transfer Polymerization (ITP) of Ethylene and Copolymerization with Vinyl Acetate (2020)

Controlled radical polymerization of ethylene using different commercially available, cheap, and non-toxic iodo alkyls is performed by iodine transfer polymerization (ITP) under mild conditions (≤100 °C and ≤200 bar). The formed well-defined iodo end-capped polyethylene (PE-I) species is very stable upon storage. Narrow molar-mass distributions (dispersities around 1.6) were obtained up to number average molar masses of 7300 g mol<sup>-1</sup> . The ethylene copolymerization by ITP (ITcoP) with vinyl acetate allowed to form a broad range of poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) containing from 0 to 85 mol % of VAc unit. In addition, EVA-b-PE block copolymers or EVA-b-EVA gradient block copolymers with different content of VAc in the blocks were obtained for the first time using ITP. Finally, reactivity trends were explored by a theoretical mechanistic study. This highly versatile synthetic platform provides a straightforward access to a diverse range of well-defined PE based polymer materials.
Esterification of Cellulose in Protic Ionic Liquids (2019)

アミジンとカルボン酸(酢酸，プロピオン酸，酪酸)の中和反応により，五種類のプロトン性イオン液体(PIL)を合成し，それらPIL中において無水酢酸を用いたセルロースのエステル化反応を行った．得られたセルロース誘導体はDMSOに溶解した．セルロース誘導体の1H NMRスペクトルにおいて，無水酢酸由来のアセチル基だけでなく，PILのアニオンに基づく化学シフトも観測された．セルロースのエステル置換度は，PILの構造により変化した．得られたセルロース誘導体は270°C以上に熱分解温度を示し，170°C以下にガラス転移温度を示した．