gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lung cancer in patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (comorbidity by smokers-a cumulative effect of exogenic and endogenic factors? Part II) (2013)

Airway obstruction and smoking have been associated with lung cancer, but are not clear the clinical and risk factors for the development of lung cancer in patients with Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of the study was to explain the risk factors associated with lung cancer development in patients with COPD. We observed 170 smokers with lung cancer of them 120 with COPD (Group1) and 50 Pts without airflow obstruction (Group2). For control group we used 50 health smokers (Ctr). We analyzed the number of smoked cigarettes, beginning of tobacco smoke and histologic type of lung carcinoma. Group2 mean age (52±3.1 yrs) was lower compared to Group1(57±2.4yrs, p&lt;0.05) and Ctr (58±2.2 yrs, p&lt;0.05). We found a significantly increased number a smoked cigarettes per day in Group1 (27.00 ±0.83) and in Group2 (35.00±0.8) as compared to Ctr 23.6±0.98 (p&lt;0.01). Group2 have started smoking younger (15.73 yrs ±0.31) than Ctr (19.86 yrs-±0.40) (p&lt;0.01). There was no difference in onset of tobacco smoke between Group1 (19.73 yrs±0.82) and Ctr (19.86 yrs±0.40)(p&gt;0.05). We observed in 85% of Group1 non-small cell carcinoma of them squamous cell carcinoma was 60%. In Group2 the incidence of non-small cell carcinoma was 90 % of them squamous cell carcinoma was 56%. These data suggest: 1. Lung cancer develops about to 5 years older Pts with COPD than subjects without airway obsruction, 2. Pts without airflow obstruction and lung cancer started smoking 4 years earlier than controls and 3. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most frequent histologic type found in a population of smokers with/without COPD.
FACTORES PREDICTORES DE HEMORRAGIA DIFERIDA TRAS RESECCIÓN MUCOSA ENDOSCÓPICA DE 341 LESIONES COLÓNICAS DE GRAN TAMAÑO. ESTUDIO MULTICÉNTRICO NACIONAL (2013)

Introducción: La resección endoscópica mucosa (REM) permite extirpar lesiones colónicas de gran tamaño. La hemorragia diferida (HD) es la complicación más frecuente (2 – 22%). Objetivo: Describir la incidencia de HD tras REM de lesiones superficiales colónicas ≥2 cm y factores de riesgo. Material y Método: estudio prospectivo multicéntrico nacional, analizamos 341 REM de colon ≥2 cm: 179 consecutivas recogidas de forma prospectiva y 162 procedentes de registros previos de centros participantes. Se consideró HD ocurrida en los primeros 10 días tras la resección. Resultados: Se realizaron 341 REM, 187 en hombres (edad mediana 70 años (24 – 95)). Hubo 20 casos de HD (5,9%) (13 hombres, edad mediana: 75 años (24 – 87)), 10 en las primeras 24 horas tras la REM, 4 a las 24 – 48 horas, 5 en 3 – 7 días y uno tras más de 7 días. La HD fue significativamente más frecuente en pacientes pluripatológicos (50% ASA III/IV), tratados con aspirina (29% Vs 9%), en lesiones de mayor tamaño (p = 0,04) de predominio proximal a esplénico (p = 0,057). En ningún caso de HD se cerró por completo la escara. En 33 REM se colocaron clips puntualmente, hubo 5 sangrados (15,2%). En las que se cerró el defecto mucoso completamente (clips/clips-loop: 61 casos) la tasa de HD fue 0% Vs. 7,1% en las no cerradas (p = 0,017). No hubo diferencias significativas según: Paris, tipo de resección, corriente utilizada, adrenalina en inyección submucosa, argón, uso de sedación o histología. Conclusiones: – La tasa de HD en las REM de colon ≥2 cm fue del 5,9%. – Las HD tras REM fueron más frecuentes en pacientes pluripatológicos, tratados con AAS, en lesiones de mayor tamaño y predominio proximal. – El cierre completo de los defectos mucosos previno la HD en nuestros pacientes. Podría aplicarse de forma sistemática en casos con los factores de riesgo descritos.
Optical micro-scale mapping of dynamic biomechanical tissue properties (2008)

Mechanical forces such as adhesion, shear stress and compression play crucial roles in tissue growth, patterning and development. To understand the role of these mechanical stimuli, it is of great importance to measure biomechanical properties of developing, engineered, and natural tissues. To enable these measurements on the micro-scale, a novel, dynamic, non-invasive, high-speed optical coherence elastography (OCE) system has been developed utilizing spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and a mechanical wave driver. Experimental results of OCE on silicone phantoms are in good agreement with those obtained from a standardized indentation method. Using phase-resolved imaging, we demonstrate OCE can map dynamic elastic moduli of normal and neoplastic ex vivo human breast tissue with a sensitivity of 0.08%. Spatial micro-scale mapping of elastic moduli of tissue offers the potential for basic science and clinical investigations into the role biomechanics play in health and disease.
Increased Procoagulant Response of Monocytes from Patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever (1986)

Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an inherited disease of unknown etiology characterized by recurrent inflammatory episodes. Circulating fibrin was found in patients with FMF in absence of clinical manifestation of thrombosis and was statistically less frequently observed in patients treated with colchicine. These results suggest a cellular dysfunction. Therefore, we examined the procoagulant activity (PCA) of isolated mononuclear leukocytes and purified monocytes from FMF patients (n = 20). No PCA was detectable on freshly-isolated monocytes. After several hours of culture. FMF monocytes contained more PCA than control cells and the difference was more marked after endotoxin stimulation. Data obtained with coagulation factor-deficient plasma and anti-human apoprotein III antiserum indicated that the enhanced PCA in FMF monocytes is thromboplastin-like. Lysozyme and interleukin 1 production by monocytes were similar in patients and controls. The increased monocyte PCA appears to be due to an intrinsic and selective higher responsiveness of monocytes.
Costs and Margins in the Retail Supply Chain (2012)

Retail goods are an important component of the consumption basket and changes in their prices have had a significant influence on CPI inflation over the past decade, particularly following movements in the exchange rate. To help understand the drivers of inflation for retail goods, this article sets out the major costs and margins involved in supplying retail goods to consumers. Notwithstanding dispersion across different types of goods, on average, around half of the final price of retail items can be attributed to the cost of the goods themselves, with the remaining half covering the gross margins of wholesale and retail firms in the distribution supply chain. The costs incurred by distributors are broadly split between labour and other input costs, with distributors’ profit margins accounting for a little under 10 per cent of the final sale price. These shares have remained relatively stable for at least the past decade.
Toward DAML-based policy enforcement for semantic data transformation and filtering in multi-agent systems (2003)

No abstract available.
Repetitive Electroacupuncture causes Prolonged Enhancement of Preproenkephalin mRNA Expression in Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla of Unanesthetized Rats (2010)

The prolonged influence of acupuncture in hypertension has been reported in clinical studies. Analogous to human patient studies, we performed repeated EA on unanesthetized rats. Since the opioid system may play a role in prolonged inhibition of neuronal activity in the rVLM, we hypothesized that repetitive EA increases preproenkephalin mRNA in this brain stem region of unanesthetized rats. Adult male Sprague‐Dawley rats (200 g) were immobilized. They received repetitive EA (1–2 mA, 2 Hz, 0.5 ms) at P5–P6 acupoints (overlying median nerve) or sham (absence of needle stimulation) for 30 min twice over a 72 hr period. Then, 24 hr following repetitive EA or sham, brains were removed quickly, stored in RNA Later solution and punch biopsies of the rVLM were obtained for assay. PPE mRNA copies were analyzed by reverse transcription and absolute quantitative real‐time PCR. Relative ratios of PPE mRNA levels (normalized with the 18s house keeping gene) was increased in EA group (6.62±1.5, n=6) compared with sham (3.05±0.4, n=3), while the baseline value in rats that were restrained but not subjected to EA or sham was 3.84, n=2. Thus, EA increased PPE mRNA expression 24 hr after two applications of EA, suggesting that the prolonged inhibitory effect of EA may be due to an increase opioid mRNA expression in the rVLM (Supported by NIH HL‐63313 and HL‐072125).
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy energy band alignment of spin-on CoTiO3 high-k dielectric prepared by sol-gel spin coating method (2008)

The characteristics of CoTiO3 high-k dielectric prepared by sol-gel spin coating method had been demonstrated. High electrical permittivity (k∼40.2) of CoTiO3 dielectric was extracted via the transmission electron microscopy image and capacitance-voltage curves. In addition, the valence band offset between thermal SiO2 and spin-on CoTiO3 was about 4.0 eV, which was detected by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The band gaps of thermal SiO2 and spin-on CoTiO3 were 9.0 and 2.2 eV, respectively. Energy band alignment of spin-on CoTiO3 directly with SiO2 and indirectly with Si was determined in this work.
Transaortic repair of mitral regurgitation. (2000)

Our initial experience with the combined transaortic bowtie repair and aortic valve replacement has demonstrated that this approach is very quick, feasible, effective, and technically simple with gratifying midterm results.
Spatial and temporal point tracking in real hyperspectral images (2011)

Abstract In this article, we consider the problem of tracking a point target moving against a background of sky and clouds. The proposed solution consists of three stages: the first stage transforms the hyperspectral cubes into a two-dimensional (2D) temporal sequence using known point target detection acquisition methods; the second stage involves the temporal separation of the 2D sequence into sub-sequences and the usage of a variance filter (VF) to detect the presence of targets using the temporal profile of each pixel in its group, while suppressing clutter-specific influences. This stage creates a new sequence containing a target with a seemingly faster velocity; the third stage applies the Dynamic Programming Algorithm (DPA) that tracks moving targets with low SNR at around pixel velocity. The system is tested on both synthetic and real data.
Supply Chain Metrics (2001)

Most discussions and articles about supply chain metrics are, in actuality, about internal logistics performance measures. The lack of a widely accepted definition for supply chain management and the complexity associated with overlapping supply chains make the development of supply chain metrics difficult. Despite these problems, managers continue to pursue supply chain metrics as a means to increase their “line of sight” over areas they do not directly control, but have a direct impact on their company's performance. We provide a framework for developing supply chain metrics that translates performance into shareholder value. The framework focuses on managing the interfacing customer relationship management and supplier relationship management processes at each link in the supply chain. The translation of process improvements into supplier and customer profitability provides a method for developing metrics that identify opportunities for improved profitability and align objectives across all of the firms in the supply chain.
Probing the effect of interface on vortex pinning efficiency of one-dimensional BaZrO3 and BaHfO3 artificial pinning centers in YBa2Cu3O7-x thin films (2018)

C-axis-aligned one-dimensional artificial pinning centers (1D-APCs) provide strong correlated pinning of magnetic vortices and enhance critical current density Jc in superconducting YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) films and coated conductors. A fundamental question arises on what determines the pinning efficiency of different 1D-APCs. To shed light on this question, this work investigates the correlation between the 1D-APC/YBCO interface and the pinning efficiency of 1D-APCs of BaHfO3 (BHO) and BaZrO3 (BZO) of comparable diameters of 5–6 nm. Intriguingly, a highly coherent BHO 1D-APC/YBCO interface is revealed even at a high BHO doping level of 6 vol. %, in contrast to a semi-coherent BZO 1D-APC/YBCO interface with a large number of dislocations. This leads to a profound effect on the pinning efficiency of these 1D-APCs. Specifically, a record high pinning force density peak Fp,max ∼ 182.0 GN m−3 at Hmax &amp;gt; 9.0 T and 65 K is obtained in the former, which is 2.5 times of the best reported in the latter. Moreover, a ratio of Hmax to accommodation field H* determined from the 1D-APC areal concentration is found up to 3.5 in the former in contrast to 0.7 in the latter, demonstrating the critical impact of the APC/YBCO interface on the pinning efficiency of 1D-APCs.
Gluon production, cooling, and entropy in nuclear collisions (1994)

We study the cooling (heating) of a glue-parton gas due to production (destruction) of particles and determine the associated evolution of entropy. We incorporate sharing of the system energy among a changing number of particles. We find that the entropy of an evolving glue-parton gas hardly changes, once the initial thermalized state has been formed, despite a significant change in particle number and temperature.
Applications of Flow Chemistry in Drug Development: Highlights of Recent Patent Literature (2017)

Flow chemistry is playing an increasingly important role in API process development and manufacture in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industry. The current article reviews routes to approved drugs that employ at least one continuous flow step, disclosed in the patent literature during 2016 and 2017, with a further constraint that the chemistry has not been published in a journal article.
The Tuberculostatic Activity of Some Thiosemicarbazones (1950)

Journal Article The Tuberculostatic Activity of Some Thiosemicarbazones Get access E M Bavin, E M Bavin Fine Chemical and Biological Division, Fison's Limited, Loughborough, The Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, Guy's Hospital Medical School, London, S.E.1, and The Research Department, Herts Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Welwyn Garden City Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R J W Rees, R J W Rees Fine Chemical and Biological Division, Fison's Limited, Loughborough, The Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, Guy's Hospital Medical School, London, S.E.1, and The Research Department, Herts Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Welwyn Garden City Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J M Robson, J M Robson Fine Chemical and Biological Division, Fison's Limited, Loughborough, The Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, Guy's Hospital Medical School, London, S.E.1, and The Research Department, Herts Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Welwyn Garden City Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M Seiler, M Seiler Fine Chemical and Biological Division, Fison's Limited, Loughborough, The Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, Guy's Hospital Medical School, London, S.E.1, and The Research Department, Herts Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Welwyn Garden City Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D E Seymour, D E Seymour Fine Chemical and Biological Division, Fison's Limited, Loughborough, The Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, Guy's Hospital Medical School, London, S.E.1, and The Research Department, Herts Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Welwyn Garden City Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D Suddaby D Suddaby Fine Chemical and Biological Division, Fison's Limited, Loughborough, The Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, Guy's Hospital Medical School, London, S.E.1, and The Research Department, Herts Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Welwyn Garden City Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 2, Issue 1, September 1950, Pages 764–772, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1950.tb12999.x Published: 12 April 2011 Article history Received: 28 July 1950 Published: 12 April 2011
Development of Combined Hardening Model for the Metal Material under Cyclic Loading (2007)

This paper focuses on developing the constitutive models for metal materials under cyclic loading that include thermal loads. Nonlinear isotropic hardening, linear kinematics hardening and a nonlinear combined hardening model are developed separately by using finite element method (FEM). Hardening parameters are obtained from the test data, and the exponential model is used to simulate the nonlinear data curves. Bauschinger effect is considered in the combined hardening model under cyclic hardening and the numerical results are presented to verify the accuracy and convergence of the program.
Near-edge study of gold-substituted YBa2Cu3O(7-delta) (1991)

The valence of Cu and Au in YBa2Au0.3Cu2.7O7-delta was investigated using x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). X-ray and neutron diffraction studies indicate that Au goes on the Cu(1) site and Cu K-edge XANES shows that this has little effect on the oxidation state of the remaining copper. The Au L3 edge develops a white line feature whose position lies between that of trivalent gold oxide and monovalent potassium gold cyanide, and whose height relative to the edge step is smaller than in the two reference compounds. The appearance of the Au L3 edge suggests that fewer Au 3d states are involved in forming the Au-O bond in YBa2Au0.3Cu2.7O7-delta than in trivalent gold oxide.
Early Identification of Children Predisposed to Low Peak Bone Mass and Osteoporosis Later in Life1 (2000)

The amount of bone that is gained during adolescence is the main contributor to peak bone mass, which, in turn, is a major determinant of osteoporosis and fracture risk in the elderly. We examined whether computed tomography measurements for the density and the volume of bone in the axial and the appendicular skeletons could be tracked through puberty in 40 healthy white children (20 girls and 20 boys). Longitudinal measurements of the cross-sectional area and cancellous bone density of the vertebral bodies and the cross-sectional and cortical bone areas of the femurs at the beginning of puberty accounted for 62-92% of the variations seen at sexual maturity; on average, 3 yr later. When baseline values for these bone traits were divided into quartiles, a linear relation across Tanner stages of sexual development was observed for each quartile in both girls and boys. The regression lines differed among quartiles for each trait, paralleled each other, and did not overlap. Thus, we are now in a position to identify those children who are genetically prone to develop low values for peak bone mass and toward whom osteoporosis prevention trials should be geared.
Geopolymer coating paste on concrete for photocatalytic performance (2021)

Construction materials mainly used Portland cement as raw materials mainly caused global warming effect around the world. This article report a review on a research work carried out on the use of geopolymer coating on the concrete surface with catalyst for a good adsorption and efficiency via photocatalytic activity using sunlight. The geopolymer paste deposited by coating on the concrete or other building construction surface. The geopolymer paste were prepared by mixing aluminosilicates material with alkaline activator added with catalyst materials such as titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. The performance of geopolymer coating in removal of dyes reported comparable with other materials. Photocatalytic activity performance evaluate by adsorption of dyes onto geopolymer.
Computer Simulation of the Phase Stabilities of Lithiated TiO2 Polymorphs (2010)

The structure and phase stability of a series of lithiated titania polymorphs were determined using energy minimizations of the periodic bulk crystal structures and both density functional theory (DFT) and a potential shell model. The DFT calculations were performed spin unrestricted following the linear combination of atomic orbital approach with the B3LYP exchange-correlation potential. For the potential shell model, a new set of force field parameters was derived, independently of the DFT calculations, to describe the lithium−lattice interactions. The eight polymorphs considered in this study are the rutile, anatase, brookite, TiO2−B, ramsdellite, hollandite, spinel, and hexagonal structures. The lithium to titanium ratio, x, of each lithiated titania polymorph was varied from 0.0 to 1.0 with 0.25 increments. The potential model predictions were found to be in good agreement with the structure and energetics of the lithiated titania polymorphs determined from DFT calculations, at all lithium contents. Both computational approaches indicate the following relationships. The naturally occurring titania polymorphs (i.e., rutile, anatase, brookite, and TiO2−B) were found to be the most stable of the eight phases in the absence of lithium. Anatase, brookite, and ramsdellite become energetically favored over rutile upon lithium insertion. The hexagonal and spinel polymorphs have stabilities approaching that of rutile with increasing lithium content and showed essentially equivalent total energies for x = 1.0. This prediction is consistent with numerous experimental studies, which have reported that rutile electrodes, in particular those that consist of nanomaterials, can undergo phase transformations to the hexagonal or spinel structure upon lithium insertion. The calculations indicate that the main factors controlling the relative stability of the lithiated titania polymorphs are the lithium bonding environment, the arrangement of LiOx and TiO6 polyhedra, and the extent of lattice deformation upon lithiation.