gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Absolute interferometric tests of spherical surfaces based on rotational and translational shears (2012)

Traceability of interferometric form measurements requires characterization of the reference wavefront. We investigate absolute tests for spherical surfaces where the form errors of both reference and test surface are estimated by minimizing the difference in measurements obtained at various positions and orientations of the test surface. This approach yields an estimate for the test surface errors without changing experimental settings, such as cavity length, that may affect the apparent reference errors. The method requires at least one translation of the test surface in the field of view and one rotation. Additional measurements provide redundancies to improve and characterize measurement uncertainties. The errors of the reference and test surface are estimated with pixel-level spatial resolution without assuming an underlying error model, such as a representation based on Zernike polynomials. The estimation algorithm consists of an iterative sequence of stitching steps, with the role of reference and test surface reversed for each step. Measurement uncertainties are evaluated using Monte-Carlo procedures and analysis of residual errors for experiments with redundant measurements. Key sources of measurement uncertainty are spatially correlated measurement errors resulting from errors in test surface location, image distortion, and environmental effects. Experimental results are presented comparing the method to a random ball test.
Jig Twist Optimization of Mach 0.8 Transonic Truss-Braced Wing Aircraft (2023)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-1573.vid This paper presents a jig twist optimization study of Mach 0.8 Transonic Truss-Braced Wing (TTBW) aircraft using FUN3D. The solver has been validated against wind tunnel test data. An aeroelastic model deformation correction method is developed for the wind tunnel model to improve the validation. The flight condition corresponding to Mach 0.8 and design lift coefficient 0.695 is selected for the TTBW aircraft jig twist optimization to reduce the drag coefficient. The static aeroelastic simulation module in FUN3D is used for the aeroelastic simulation. Three different orders of the Chebyshev polynomials are used as shape function to represent the variations of the jig twist distribution along the wing span. The preliminary optimization results show that the Mach 0.8 TTBW aircraft with the optimized jig twist achieves a drag reduction of about 5.7 counts at the design condition when 5��h order Chebyshev polynomials are used as shape function. This paper presents a jig twist optimization study of Mach 0.8 Transonic Truss-Braced Wing (TTBW) aircraft using FUN3D. The solver has been validated against wind tunnel test data. An aeroelastic model deformation correction method is developed for the wind tunnel model to improve the validation. The flight condition corresponding to Mach 0.8 and design lift coefficient 0.695 is selected for the TTBW aircraft jig twist optimization to reduce the drag coefficient. The static aeroelastic simulation module in FUN3D is used for the aeroelastic simulation. Three different orders of the Chebyshev polynomials are used as shape function to represent the variations of the jig twist distribution along the wing span. The preliminary optimization results show that the Mach 0.8 TTBW aircraft with the optimized jig twist achieves a drag reduction of about 5.7 counts at the design condition when 5��h order Chebyshev polynomials are used as shape function.
Use of multiple peptides containing T cell epitopes is a feasible approach for peptide‐based immunotherapy in Can f 1 allergy (2006)

We have previously shown that the major dog allergen Can f 1 contains seven T cell epitope regions, none of which was preferentially recognized. To identify the immune characteristics of Can f 1 epitopes and to verify their suitability for peptide-based allergen immunotherapy, short-term T cell lines were generated with epitope-containing peptides from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Can f 1 skinprick test-positive allergic and healthy control subjects. The lines were examined for their proliferative capacity and cytokine production upon stimulation with the allergen peptide, a homologous peptide from human tear lipocalin (TL) and Can f 1 and TL proteins. Can f 1 peptides induced proliferation of T cells and gave rise to T cell lines with comparable efficiencies. In particular, the T cell lines of allergic subjects induced with p33-48 and p107-122 favoured the production of interferon-gamma and interleukin-10, respectively. A greater number of Can f 1-specific T cell lines were generated from allergic than from healthy individuals. Two p107-122-induced Can f 1-specific T cell lines also reacted to a homologous peptide of human TL. Our results suggest that several T cell epitope-containing peptides should be used in combination for specific immunotherapy in Can f 1 allergy.
Effects of Prostaglandins and Cholera Enterotoxin on Intestinal Mucosal Cyclic AMP Accumulation (1974)

Both cholera enterotoxin and certain prostaglandins have been shown to stimulate intestinal fluid secretion in vivo, to cause ion flux changes in vitro similar to those caused by addition of cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP), and to activate intestinal mucosal adenyl cyclase. It has been suggested that the effects of the enterotoxin on intestinal cyclic AMP metabolism may be indirect, and that locally synthesized prostaglandins may serve as required intermediates for the effects of the enterotoxin in activating intestinal mucosal adenyl cyclase. In order to clarify certain aspects of the mechanisms by which these two agents alter intestinal mucosal cyclic AMP metabolism and ion transport, their effects on cyclic AMP accumulation in rabbit ileal mucosa were examined in vitro. Addition of 5 mug per ml (75 mug per 150 mg mucosa) of purified cholera enterotoxin produced a peak increase in cyclic AMP level in 3 h but there was a time delay of at least 30 min before any effect was observed. Inhibition of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase with theophylline failed to reduce this time delay. In contrast, addition of prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)) increased the cyclic AMP level rapidly, a peak effect being observed in 2 min. The time of the peak prostaglandin-induced changes in cyclic AMP level and short-circuit current correlated closely. A maximal increment in cyclic AMP level was achieved with 5 x 10(-5) M PGE(1). When 10(-4) M PGE(1) was added to mucosa already maximally stimulated with cholera toxin, the resulting cyclic AMP level was equal to the sum of the levels reached when each agent was added alone. Furthermore, the effects of the enterotoxin on mucosal cyclic AMP levels were not influenced by indomethacin under conditions where mucosal prostaglandins synthesis was inhibited. The results suggest that endogenous prostaglandins do not provide an essential link in the activation of intestinal mucosal adenyl cyclase by cholera enterotoxin. The present study also indicates that the effect of cholera enterotoxin on intestinal mucosal cyclic AMP metabolism involves a definite time delay which is not due to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity.
Cystatin B, cathepsin L and D related to surrogate markers for cardiovascular disease in children (2017)

Findings from this community-based cohort of young children show that surrogate markers for cardiovascular disease such as total fat mass, percent body fat, abdominal fat, body fat distribution, maximal oxygen uptake and pulse pressure were all associated with cystatin B. This was not found for cathepsin L or cathepsin D.
Asymmetric Oxidation of Heteroatoms (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Prognostic factors for progression of liver structural lesions in chronic hepatitis C patients (2008)

The best predictors of the progression of fibrosis are age at the first liver biopsy, extent of ALT elevation, inflammation at liver histology and hepatic siderosis. Antiviral treatment is effective in preventing the progression of liver structural lesions in chronic hepatitis C patients.
Performance analysis of multistage ATM switch with partially shared buffers under unbalanced traffic (2002)

The system delay and cell loss probability of a multistage ATM switch with partially shared buffers under nonuniform traffic are analyzed. The unbalanced traffic model is described by a vector of offered output traffic intensities in the switching network. By considering the path to each output port, we analyze the system delay and the cell loss probability based on the discrete time Markov chain. The results show that under nonuniform traffic, the system delay and cell loss probability of the hot-spot which has a high traffic intensity are severely degraded. The effects of hot-spot traffic on the performance of the output ports in the neighborhood of the hot-spot are also considered.
Synthetic biology advances for pharmaceutical production (2015)

Synthetic biology enables a new generation of microbial engineering for the biotechnological production of pharmaceuticals and other high-value chemicals. This review presents an overview of recent advances in the field, describing new computational and experimental tools for the discovery, optimization and production of bioactive molecules, and outlining progress towards the application of these tools to pharmaceutical production systems.
Onium ions. X. Structural study of acyclic and cyclic halonium ions by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Question of intra- and intermolecular equilibration of halonium ions with haloalkylcarbenium ions (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOnium ions. X. Structural study of acyclic and cyclic halonium ions by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Question of intra- and intermolecular equilibration of halonium ions with haloalkylcarbenium ionsGeorge A. Olah, Philip W. Westerman, Earl G. Melby, and Yoke K. MoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 11, 3565–3573Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00818a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00818a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views390Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
258 Effects of iron administration timing on subsequent nursery performance (2020)

Abstract Weaned pigs (n=1,722; 5.9 kg BW) were used in a 53-d study evaluating the effects of Fe injection timing on subsequent nursery pig performance. Treatments consisted of a negative control for piglets receiving no Fe injection or 200-mg of injectable Fe (GleptoForte, Ceva Animal Health, Lenexa, KS) provided on d 1, 3, 5, or 7 of age, or 200-mg on d 1 plus an additional 200-mg injection on d 12. At weaning, pigs were placed in a commercial wean-to-finish facility in a total of 15 pens with equal representation of treatments in each pen. Pigs were weighed on d 73 after birth to determine subsequent nursery growth performance. Growth data were analyzed (GLIMMIX procedure of SAS) as a completely randomized design with individual pig as the experimental unit and pen as a random effect. Increasing the age that piglets received a 200-mg Fe injection showed no evidence of difference (P &amp;gt;0.10) for subsequent nursery ADG (Table 1). Not providing an Fe injection after birth decreased (P=0.0001) subsequent nursery ADG and decreased (P=0.0001) d 73 BW compared to all other treatments. Providing a 200-mg injection of Fe on d 1 plus a 200-mg injection on d 12 decreased (P=0.010) subsequent nursery ADG and decreased (P=0.024) d 73 BW compared to pigs receiving a 200-mg injection on d 1 only. There was no evidence of difference (P &amp;gt;0.10) for nursery mortality amongst the treatments. These results suggest that providing a 200-mg Fe injection within 7 d after farrowing is sufficient for optimizing subsequent nursery growth performance. The additional 200-mg Fe injection at d 12 decreased subsequent nursery growth performance and ending BW.
New approaches in thermal plasma technology (2002)

Abstract Thermal plasmas offer unique advantages for materials processing, such as high fluxes of heat and of reactant species. Recent developments have concentrated on improving control of these fluxes across the boundaries surrounding the thermal plasma. Secondary discharges (hybrid plasma generators) and pulse modulation of the plasma have been some of the approaches for this end. The use of such methods is described for selected applications. Plasma characterization through advanced models and diagnostics are concentrating on description of plasma instabilities and various nonequilibrium conditions. Understanding of these effects will allow their use for enhanced processing methods.
The prevalence of neutralizing antibodies against adeno‐associated virus capsids is reduced in young Japanese individuals (2013)

Pre-existing antibodies against adeno-associated virus (AAV), caused by natural AAV infections, interfere with recombinant AAV vector-mediated gene transfer. We studied the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies against AAV serotypes 1, 2, 5, 8, and 9 in healthy subjects (n = 85) and hemophilia patients (n = 59) in a Japanese population. For healthy subjects, the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies against AAV serotypes 1, 2, 5, 8, and 9 was 36.5%, 35.3%, 37.6%, 32.9%, and 36.5%, respectively, while that in hemophilia patients was 39.7%, 28.8%, 35.6%, 32.9%, and 27.4%, respectively. There was no difference in the prevalence of neutralizing antibody against each AAV serotype between the healthy subjects and the hemophilia patients. The prevalence of neutralizing antibodies against all AAV serotypes increased with age in both healthy subjects and hemophilia patients. High titers of neutralizing antibodies against AAV2 (≥1:224) and AAV8 (≥1:224) were more evident in older individuals (≥42 years old). Approximately 50% of all screened individuals were seronegative for neutralizing antibodies against each AAV tested, while approximately 25% of individuals were seropositive for each AAV serotype tested. The prevalence of seronegativity for all AAV serotypes was 67.0% (healthy subjects, 68.6%; hemophilia patients, 65.0%) and 18.6% (healthy subjects, 20.5%; hemophilia patients, 15.7%) in young (<42 years old) and older subjects (≥42 years old), respectively. The findings from this study suggested that young subjects are more likely to be eligible for gene therapy based on AAV vectors delivered via an intravascular route because of the low prevalence of antibodies to AAV capsids.
Force feedback linearization for higher-order electromechanical sigma–delta modulators (2006)

Abstract A higher-order electromechanical sigma–delta modulator can greatly improve the signal-to-noise ratio compared with a second-order loop that only uses the sensing element as a loop filter. However, the electrostatic force feedback on the proof mass is inherently nonlinear, which will produce harmonics in the output spectrum and limits the total signal-to-noise and distortion ratio. High performance inertial sensors, which use sigma–delta modulators as a closed-loop control system, have strict requirements on the output signal distortion. In this paper, nonlinear effects from the force feedback and pick-off circuits are analysed and a strategy for force feedback linearization is put forward which can considerably improve the signal-to-noise and distortion ratio. A PCB prototype of a fifth-order electromechanical modulator with a bulk micromachined accelerometer was used to demonstrate the concept.
Long Short View Feature Decomposition via Contrastive Video\n Representation Learning (2021)

Self-supervised video representation methods typically focus on the\nrepresentation of temporal attributes in videos. However, the role of\nstationary versus non-stationary attributes is less explored: Stationary\nfeatures, which remain similar throughout the video, enable the prediction of\nvideo-level action classes. Non-stationary features, which represent temporally\nvarying attributes, are more beneficial for downstream tasks involving more\nfine-grained temporal understanding, such as action segmentation. We argue that\na single representation to capture both types of features is sub-optimal, and\npropose to decompose the representation space into stationary and\nnon-stationary features via contrastive learning from long and short views,\ni.e. long video sequences and their shorter sub-sequences. Stationary features\nare shared between the short and long views, while non-stationary features\naggregate the short views to match the corresponding long view. To empirically\nverify our approach, we demonstrate that our stationary features work\nparticularly well on an action recognition downstream task, while our\nnon-stationary features perform better on action segmentation. Furthermore, we\nanalyse the learned representations and find that stationary features capture\nmore temporally stable, static attributes, while non-stationary features\nencompass more temporally varying ones.\n
A meta‐analysis of arrhythmia endpoints in randomized controlled trials of transendocardial stem cell injections for chronic ischemic heart disease (2019)

Nonskeletal myoblast transendocardial cell therapy was associated with a significantly lower risk of SCD or resuscitated SCA compared to control, with no proarrhythmic effects.
Evaluation of Electrochemical Methods in Solid State Research and Their Generalization for Defects with Variable Charges (1984)

Article Evaluation of Electrochemical Methods in Solid State Research and Their Generalization for Defects with Variable Charges was published on January 1, 1984 in the journal Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie (volume 140, issue 2).
Comparative Studies on Synthesis of Water-soluble Vitamins among Human Species of Bifidobacteria (1985)

The ability of bifidobacteria to synthesize six water-soluble vitamins (thiamine, folic acid, nicotinic acid, pyridoxine, vitamin B12 and riboflavin) was systematically investigated with twenty-four strains of five species derived from human feces. The vitamins synthesized were determined as those accumulated in cultures grown in a semi-synthetic medium. For the vitamins other than vitamin B12 and riboflavin, extracellular liberation was also examined with the supernatant fluids obtained after removing cells from the cultures. Many strains of the bifidobacteria investigated could indeed synthesize five of the vitamins, the exception being riboflavin. A large portion of each of the vitamins synthesized was excreted into the medium. The concentrations of the vitamins, especially thiamine, nicotinic acid and folic acid, accumulated varied widely among different species or strains. On the basis of the results, these bifidobacteria could be divided into three general types according to the abilities to accumulate thiamine, nicotinic acid and folic acid. These three vitamins were accumulated in all the strains of B. bifidum and B. infantis as well as in many strains of B. breve and B. longum but the vitamin concentrations were significantly higher in the former species (higher-accumulators) than in the latter species (lower-accumulators). On the other hand, none of these three vitamins were detected in most strains of B. adolescentis or in some strains of B. breve and B. longum (non-accumulators). Non-accumulator strains of B. adolescentis required thiamine and nicotinic acid for maximal growth in a complete synthetic medium. Further studies on thiamine synthesis revealed that the addition of exogenous thiamine to the medium significantly reduced the level of thiamine accumulated in a culture of a lower-accumulator strain of B. longum but did not affect the vitamin level in a higher-accumulator strain of B. bifidum. These findings were discussed in relation to the vitamin biosynthesis and its regulation in bacteria.
Sharing views and interactions with single-user applications (1990)

Although work is frequently collaborative, most computer-based activities revolve around software packages designed to be used by one person at a time. To get around this, people working together often talk and gesture around a computer screen, perhaps taking turns interacting with the running "single-user" application by passing the keyboard around. However, it is technically possible to share these unaltered applications-even though they were originally designed for a single user only-across physically different workstations through special view-sharing software. Each person sees the same image of the running application on their own screen, and has an opportunity to interact with it by taking turns. This paper discusses the various roles and responsibilities of the view-sharing software that must be considered during its design and evaluation: view management, floor control, conference registration by participants, and handling of met&level communications. A brief survey of existing shared view systems is provided for background.
Structure of the peptidoglycan from vegetative cell walls of Bacillus subtilis (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of the peptidoglycan from vegetative cell walls of Bacillus subtilisA. D. Warth and J. L. StromingerCite this: Biochemistry 1971, 10, 24, 4349–4358Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00800a001https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00800a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views352Altmetric-Citations89LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: D‐Glycopyranosyl Phenylsulfones: Acylation of Their Lithiated Anions and Reductive Desulfonylation of the Resulting Acylated Sulfones. (1986)

Abstract Das Tri‐O‐acetyl‐D‐glucal (I) reagiert mit HCl und Thiophenol zu den Derivaten (II), die zu den Sulfonen (III)‐ oxidiert werden.