gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ESPOON: Enforcing Encrypted Security Policies in Outsourced Environments (2011)

The enforcement of security policies in outsourced environments is still an open challenge for policy-based systems. On the one hand, taking the appropriate security decision requires access to the policies. However, if such access is allowed in an untrusted environment then confidential information might be leaked by the policies. Current solutions are based on cryptographic operations that embed security policies with the security mechanism. Therefore, the enforcement of such policies is performed by allowing the authorised parties to access the appropriate keys. We believe that such solutions are far too rigid because they strictly intertwine authorisation policies with the enforcing mechanism. In this paper, we want to address the issue of enforcing security policies in an untrusted environment while protecting the policy confidentiality. Our solution ESPOON is aiming at providing a clear separation between security policies and the enforcement mechanism. However, the enforcement mechanism should learn as less as possible about both the policies and the requester attributes.
Self-supplied isolated gate driver for SiC power MOSFETs based on bi-level modulation scheme (2017)

The present work proposes a solution for implementing an isolated gate driver for SiC power MOSFETs. The isolation capability, gate switching and power transfer to the isolated side features are accomplished by using a unique magnetic transformer. To avoid core saturation, the original PWM control signal is modulated with a high frequency square-waveform. The on and off times are modulated with two different amplitude signals, what eventually allows for a full range duty ratio operation, including continuous turn-on and off operation. The reconstruction of the original PWM signal at the secondary side of the driver is also based on simple circuitry. As a consequence, the driver based on the proposed scheme results in a very compact solution. This enables the integration of the driver in the power cell, therefore increasing the achievable power density of the final converter. The basic operation of the driver si shown, and the main results on a SiC MOSFET based prototype are presented, thus demonstrating the feasibility of the driver.
Laser induced electron and sodium ion emission from single crystal NaNO3 at 1064 nm (2000)

Wide band gap insulators irradiated with UV pulsed lasers have been shown to yield both photoinduced electrons and energetic positive ions suggesting occupied electronic states in the band gap. It is not obvious that similar experiments with near-IR wavelengths should yield detectable emissions. Here we report electron and Na+ ion emission from single crystal sodium nitrate (∼10 eV band gap) upon exposure to near-IR (1.16 eV) laser radiation. The fluence dependence of both ion and electron yields is highly nonlinear and the kinetic energies of the emitted ions can reach values up to 5 eV. Our data suggest that the observed emissions originate from defect sites and they are consistent with a model that requires multiple single photon charge transfer to ionize an electron trap and subsequently eject a nearby positive adion due to electrostatic repulsion. Further evidence for the role of defects in the observed ion emission are provided by two beam experiments; one beam (UV laser) is used to generate defects and the second beam (near-IR laser) is used to photodesorb the ions. Such experiments demonstrate that exposure of the sodium nitrate surfaces to UV laser radiation significantly increases the ion emission due to near-IR laser radiation.
Corrosion d’un alliage de zirconium par un melange air/vapeur d’eau a 750-900°C (2018)

National audience
Low-loss directional cloaks without superluminal velocity or magnetic response (2012)

The possibility of making an optically large (many wavelengths in diameter) object appear invisible has been a subject of many recent studies. Exact invisibility scenarios for large (relative to the wavelength) objects involve (meta)materials with superluminal phase velocity [refractive index (RI) less than unity] and/or magnetic response. We introduce a new approximation applicable to certain device geometries in the eikonal limit: piecewise-uniform scaling of the RI. This transformation preserves the ray trajectories but leads to a uniform phase delay. We show how to take advantage of phase delays to achieve a limited (directional and wavelength-dependent) form of invisibility that does not require loss-ridden (meta)materials with superluminal phase velocities.
Analytical and Experimental Techniques in Solving the Plastic Intake Manifold NVH (2001)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The intent of this paper is to summarize the work of the V8 power plant intake manifold radiated noise study. In a particular V8 engine application, customer satisfaction feedback provided observations of existing unpleasant noise at the driver's ear. A comprehensive analysis of customer data indicated that a range from 500 to 800 Hz suggests a potential improvement in noise reduction at the driver's ear.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In this study the noise source was determined using various accelerometers located throughout the valley of the engine and intake manifold. The overall surface velocity of the engine valley was ranked with respect to the overall surface velocity of the intake manifold. An intensity mapping technique was also used to determine the major component noise contribution. In order to validate the experimental findings, a series of analysis was also conducted. The analysis model included not only the plastic intake manifold, but also the whole powertrain.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Finally by using alternative components, an optimum package was developed that combines weight and cost while enhancing the NVH performance of the plastic intake manifold.&lt;/div&gt;
Olanzapine treatment for dopaminergic‐induced hallucinations (2002)

Atypical antipsychotic medications with lower affinities for D2 receptors are considered useful alternatives to treat drug-induced hallucinations in Parkinson's disease (PD). We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, unforced titration, parallel design study (2:1 drug to placebo randomization ratio) using olanzapine (2.5-10 mg/day to effect) in 30 PD patients with drug-induced hallucinations. We performed an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests, the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), assessments of on and off time at baseline and at 9 weeks after starting the medication. Sixteen patients on olanzapine (mean dose, 4.6 mg/night) and 11 on placebo completed the study. Compared with placebo, performance on the UPDRS item 2 (thought disorder), and a structured interview for hallucinations, both tended to improve on drug but neither reached statistical significance. A neuropsychological test battery did not show any significant differences. Total on UPDRS motor scores (P < 0.05) and timed tapping (P < 0.01) worsened while on drug compared to placebo. Bradykinesia (P < 0.01) and gait (P < 0.001) items on the UPDRS largely accounted for this deterioration. After completion of the study, 8 of 16 patients randomly assigned to drug continued olanzapine at a mean dose of 2.4 mg/day. However, at the last recorded visit only 5 of 24 (20.8%) of all patients exposed to drug (including those originally randomly assigned to placebo) remained on olanzapine. In patients with PD, low-dose olanzapine did not significantly improve hallucinations but did worsen motor function.
Supplementary Figures 1-4 from Hsp27 Inhibition with OGX-427 Sensitizes Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells to Erlotinib and Chemotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures 1-4. Supplemental figure 1: Specificity of Hsp27 and phospho-Hsp27 for IHC staining Supplemental figure 2: Erlotinib induces Hsp27/phospho-Hsp27 expression in A549 and HCC827 cell lines. Supplemental figure 3:Erlotinib induced HSE-luciferase transactivation in A549 and HCC827. Supplemental figure 4: Effect of Hsp27 suppression using OGX-427 on A549 cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Microvascularity in transition zone prostate tumors resembles normal prostatic tissue (2012)

Microvasculature of transition zone tumor showed increased heterogeneity compared to BPH and peripheral zone tumors, possibly explaining the difficulty of TZT detection on DCE-MRI.
Spin-Lattice Relaxation Time in Yttrium Iron Garnet (1958)

The spin-lattice relaxation time in yttrium iron garnet (YIG) has been measured by a pulsed ferromagnetic resonance method similar to that of Bloembergen and Wang and Damon, in which the z component of magnetization is directly observed. A microwave pulse with 2×10−8 sec rise and decay time, 5×10−7 sec long, and 2 w peak power is applied to a TE102 rectangular cavity operating at 9300 mc sec. The z component of magnetization Mz changes at the beginning and at the end of the rf pulse. The time of decay of the changing Mz signal at the trailing edge of the pulse (at which time the applied rf field is zero) is a measure of the spin-lattice relaxation time. A spherical sample of YIG, 0.03 in. diam, is placed in a quartz tube, 0.05 in. o.d., about which a five turn coil of No. 38 wire is wound. The coil with sample is inserted in the center of the cavity with the axis of the coil in the z direction. At this position, the rf magnetic field is maximum and the electric field is a minimum. The presence of the coil does not measurably change the properties of the cavity. The voltage induced in the coil is proportional to the change in Mz and is observed on a high speed oscilloscope. The time constant of the equipment is approximately that of the exciting pulse. Thus the spin-lattice relaxation time can be accurately determined directly if it is appreciably larger than this value. The ferromagnetic resonance line width is 2.3 oersteds and the measured spin-lattice relaxation time is 7×10−8 sec. Discussion is given relating these measurements to those reported in the accompanying papers.
Thermal characterization of electronic devices with boundary condition independent compact models (1995)

The accurate prediction of operating temperatures of temperature-sensitive electronic parts at the component-, board-, and system-level is seriously hampered by the tack of reliable, standardized input data. The situation which prevails today is that component manufacturers supply to end users experimental data which characterizes the thermal behavior of packages under a set of standardized and idealized conditions. Such characterizations normally involve the junction-to-case thermal resistance or the junction-to-ambient resistance according to MIL or SEMI standards. There are several practical difficulties associated with such an approach, which will be shortly commented upon. Today, the need for more accurate junction temperature prediction becomes increasingly urgent, and the call for a precise definition of the various thermal resistances is heard by a growing number of researchers. An earlier paper discussed the pros and cons of several methods that describe the thermal behavior of electronic parts. It was concluded that none of these methods is capable of meeting the objectives that are proposed. In this paper, a novel approach is introduced, based on the derivation of a simple resistance network starting from a detailed model, using optimization techniques. The proposed method is applied to two cases:a so-called "validation" chip, functioning as a benchmark for the software that is used to generate the detailed model; and a 208-PQFP component. It is demonstrated that it is possible to create a compact model comprising a simple resistance network, representing the detailed model to a high accuracy, which is independent of the boundary conditions.
Demonstrating the benefits of template-based design-technology co-optimization (2010)

The concept of template-based design-technology co-optimization as a means of curbing escalating design complexity and increasing technology qualification risk is described. Data is presented highlighting the design efficacy of this proposal in terms of power, performance, and area benefits, quantifying the specific contributions of complex logic gates in this design optimization. Experimental results from 32nm technology node bulk CMOS wafers are presented to quantify the variability and design-margin reductions as well as yield and manufacturability improvements achievable with the proposed template-based design-technology co-optimization technique. The paper closes with data showing the predictable composability of individual templates, demonstrating a fundamental requirement of this proposal.
Antigen-loaded exosomes alone induce Th1-type memory through a B cell–dependent mechanism (2009)

Exosomes are nanovesicles harboring proteins important for antigen presentation. We compared the potency of differently loaded exosomes, directly loaded with OVA(323-339) peptide (Pep-Exo) or exosomes from OVA-pulsed DCs (OVA-Exo), for their ability to induce specific T-cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Both Pep-Exo and OVA-Exo elicited specific transgenic T-cell proliferation in vitro, with the Pep-Exo being more efficient. In contrast, only OVA-Exo induced specific T-cell responses in vivo highlighting the importance of indirect loading strategies in clinical applications. Coadministration of whole OVA overcame the unresponsiveness with Pep-Exo but still elicited a lower response compared with OVA-Exo. In parallel, we found that OVA-Exo not only augmented the specific T-cell response but also gave a Th1-type shift and an antibody response even in the absence of whole OVA. We detected IgG2a and interferon-gamma production from splenocytes showing the capability of exosomes to provide antigen for B-cell activation. Furthermore, we found that B cells are needed for exosomal T-cell stimulation because Bruton tyrosine kinase-deficient mice showed abrogated B- and T-cell responses after OVA-Exo immunization. These findings reveal that exosomes are potent immune regulators and are relevant for the design of vaccine adjuvants and therapeutic intervention strategies to modulate immune responses.
Adaptive Signal Models: Theory, Algorithms, and Audio Applications (1998)

Adaptive Signal Models: Theory, Algorithms and Audio Applications presents methods for deriving mathematical models of natural signals. The introduction covers the fundamentals of analysis-synthesis systems and signal representations. Some of the topics in the introduction include perfect and near-perfect reconstruction, the distinction between parametric and nonparametric methods, the role of compaction in signal modeling, basic and overcomplete signal expansions, and time-frequency resolution issues. These topics arise throughout the book as do a number of other topics such as filter banks and multiresolution. The second chapter gives a detailed development of the sinusoidal model as a parametric extension of the short-time Fourier transform. This leads to multiresolution sinusoidal modeling techniques in Chapter Three, where wavelet-like approaches are merged with the sinusoidal model to yield improved models.
Nonlinear Absorption in Silicon at Mid Infrared Wavelengths (2006)

We report measurements of nonlinear absorption in mid-IR wavelengths. The absence of nonlinear losses beyond the two-photon bandedge combined with high Raman gain, thermal conductivity and damage threshold renders silicon an excellent mid-IR Raman crystal.
Distributed Source-Channel Coding Based on Real-Field BCH Codes (2014)

We use real-number codes to compress statistically dependent sources and establish a new framework for distributed lossy source coding in which we compress sources before, rather than after, quantization. This change in the order of binning and quantization blocks makes it possible to model the correlation between continuous-valued sources more realistically and compensate for the quantization error partially. We then focus on the asymmetric case, i.e., lossy source coding with side information at the decoder. The encoding and decoding procedures are described in detail for a class of real-number codes called discrete Fourier transform (DFT) codes, both for the syndrome- and parity-based approaches. We leverage subspace-based decoding to improve the decoding and by extending it we are able to perform distributed source coding in a rate-adaptive fashion to further improve the decoding performance when the statistical dependency between sources is unknown. We also extend the parity-based approach to the case where the transmission channel is noisy and thus we perform distributed joint source-channel coding in this context. The proposed system is well suited for low-delay communications, as the mean-squared reconstruction error (MSE) is shown to be reasonably low for very short block length.
CIRCADIAN RHYTHMICITY IN MURINE PRE-ADIPOCYTE AND ADIPOCYTE CELLS (2009)

Adipose tissue is central to metabolic homeostasis, signaling in part through the secretion of molecules termed adipokines. Circadian rhythms play an important role in adipose physiology, with plasma adipokine concentration and approximately 20 % of the murine adipose transcriptome undergoing 24 h variation. However, due to the heterogeneity of adipose tissue and rhythmical input from both neuronal and humoral signals, the cellular basis of adipose rhythms is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that adipocyte cells contain a circadian clock that drives rhythmic mRNA expression and adipokine secretion. From the murine pre-adipocyte 3T3-L1 cell line, we generated populations of both pre-adipocytes and differentiated adipocytes. Cells were then treated with a 2 h serum pulse and sampled every 4 h over a 48 h period. Expression of clock gene, 'metabolic' gene (PPARalpha, PPARgamma, SREBP1), and adipokine mRNA was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR, and secretion of the adipokines leptin and adiponectin was measured in culture medium from differentiated adipocytes. In pre-adipocytes, we observed robust rhythms of clock genes Per2, Rev-erbalpha, and Dbp, but not of Per1, Cry1, Bmal1, or any of the 'metabolic' genes. Adipocytes produced similar temporal profiles of mRNA expression, albeit with a markedly reduced amplitude of Per2 and Dbp rhythms. Despite no circadian rhythm of adipokine mRNA expression, leptin accumulation in the culture medium suggested circadian control of leptin secretion from adipocytes. Adiponectin secretion showed temporal variation, but without any apparent circadian rhythmicity. Our data, therefore, suggest that an endogenous adipocyte clock controls the rhythmic expression of only a subset of genes that are reported to exhibit 24 h rhythmicity in murine adipose tissue. Moreover, secretion of leptin may also be regulated by the adipocyte clock.
Calcitonin control of calcium metabolism during weightlessness (1993)

The main objective of this proposal is to elucidate calcitonin role in calcium homeostasis during weightlessness. In this investigation our objectives are to study: the effect of weightlessness on thyroid and serum calcitonin, the effect of weightlessness on the circadian variation of calcitonin in serum and the thyroid gland, the role of light as zeitgeber for calcitonin circadian rhythm, the circadian pattern of thyroid sensitivity to release calcitonin in response to calcium load, and the role of serotonin and norepinephrine in the control of calcitonin release. The main objective of this research/proposal is to establish the role of calcitonin in calcium metabolism during weightlessness condition. Understanding the mechanism of these abnormalities will help in developing therapeutic means to counter calcium imbalance in spaceflights.
Evaluation of a Cervical Cancer Screening Program Based on HPV Testing and LLETZ Excision in a Low Resource Setting (2010)

We conducted studies in Vanuatu to evaluate potential screening and treatment strategies to assist with control of cervical cancer. In a pilot study of 496 women, visual inspection and cytology were evaluated as screening tests for detection of CIN 2 or worse (CIN2+), observed in 21 of 206 subjects biopsied on the basis of abnormal visual inspection or cytology. Sensitivity of visual inspection with Lugol's Iodine for detection of CIN2+ on biopsy was 0.63, specificity was 0.32, and the positive predictive value was 0.09. For HSIL cytology, sensitivity was 0.99, specificity was 0.77, and the positive predictive value was 0.88. HSIL cytology was significantly more sensitive and had a significantly higher PPV for CIN 2+ than visual inspection (p<0.01). In a further study of 514 women, we compared testing for HR HPV and cytology as predictors of biopsy proven CIN 2+. Sensitivity of HSIL cytology for CIN2+ as established by loop excision of the cervix was 0.81, specificity was 0.94, and positive predictive value was 0.48. Sensitivity of a positive test for HR HPV for detection of CIN2+ was non-significantly different from cytology at 0.81, specificity was 0.94, and positive predictive value was 0.42. Combining the two tests gave a significantly lower sensitivity of 0.63, a specificity of 0.98, and a positive predictive value of 0.68. For women over 30 in a low resource setting without access to cytology, a single locally conducted test for high risk HPV with effective intervention could reduce cervical cancer risk as effectively as intervention based on cytology conducted in an accredited laboratory.
Electronic Structure of Polyfluoranthene Ladder Polymers (1996)

Fully unsaturated fluoranthene-type ladder polymers (PFA: polyfluoranthene) recently synthesized by Schlüter et al. show a high degree of π-electron localization. Variation of the size of the two oligoacenic components separated by the characteristic five-membered ring, however, can lead to more delocalized structures with small (few tenths of an electronvolt) band gaps and can be used for engineering the electronic properties. Charge transfer produces bipolaronic defect states in these polymers; sp3 defects produce polaronic defects. Interpretation of the differences between the published absorption spectra for two members of the PFA family is also given.
Pyrolysis of biomass : Temperature effects on oil yields and quality (2009)

A pilot scale fluidized bed fast pyrolysis set-up was designed and operated. The fluidized bed temperature (TFB) was varied between 400° and 530°C and the vapor phase temperature between 400° and 540°C to study the effect of these temperatures on product yields and quality. The gas yield increased and the char yield decreased with increasing fluidized bed temperature. The oil yield was constant at TFB = 450°-530°C and a small decrease in oil yield was observed at TFB = 400°C. Water production was constant between TFB = 400°-530°C. With increased vapor phase temperature, the gas yield increased at the expense of fast pyrolysis vapors due to vapor cracking reactions. A lower TFB resulted in oils containing more light organic compounds and a lower maximal molecular weight. For TFB = 400°C, no molecules with a MW higher than 500 gram/mole were detected in the oil while at 530°C, a considerable amount of very large molecules were measured. These large molecules are unfavorable for some further pyrolysis oil upgrading processes like hydrotreating to obtain transport fuel precursors. Thus, fast pyrolysis temperatures above 450°C at which the oil yield is maximal, not always result in better oil quality. This is an abstract of a paper presented at the 8th World Congress of Chemical Engineering (Montréal, Quebec, Canada 8/23-27/2009).