gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intermittent hypoxia increases tumor growth in young but not in aged female mice (2017)

<b>Background:</b> Recent studies have shown that intermittent hypoxia (IH), an important feature of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), may promote tumor malignancy in male mice. Although there are some clinical and epidemiological studies showing an increased tumor malignancy in severe OSA, subsequent analyses have shown that the potential relationship between OSA and cancer could depend on gender and aging. <b>Aim:</b> To investigate tumor malignancy in young and old female mice in response to IH mimicking OSA. <b>Methods:</b> C57/B6 female mice young (8 wks-old) and old (20 months-old) were subjected to either IH or room air during 6 wks. In the 2nd week, 5x10^5 Lewis Lung Carcinoma cells (LLC1) were injected subcutaneously in the flank. At the end, tumors were weighted and content of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) was assessed by FACS. Proliferation of naïve LLC1 cells was measured when in coculture with isolated TAMs. <b>Results:</b> IH increased tumor weight by ~50% in young female mice. In aged mice, IH have no effect on tumor growth. The amount of TAMs/gr of tumor was greater only in young mice under IH. LLC1 in coculture with isolated TAMs from young mice exposed to IH showed an increased proliferation (by ~50%) respect to that observed with TAMs from the rest of experimental groups. <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings show that IH mimicking OSA increases tumor progression in young female mice similarly as reported previously in males. However, IH would have no effect in tumor growth in aged females accordingly to previous clinical data. Our data suggest that the differences in tumor growth between young and old mice in response to IH could be explained in part by changes in the recruitment and function of TAMs.
Cognitive enhancement of healthy older adults using hyperbaric oxygen: a randomized controlled trial (2020)

More than half of community-dwelling individuals sixty years and older express concern about declining cognitive abilities. The current study's aim was to evaluate hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) effect on cognitive functions in healthy aging adults.A randomized controlled clinical trial randomized 63 healthy adults (>64) either to HBOT(n=33) or control arms(n=30) for three months. Primary endpoint included the general cognitive function measured post intervention/control. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was evaluated by perfusion magnetic resonance imaging.There was a significant group-by-time interaction in global cognitive function post-HBOT compared to control (p=0.0017). The most striking improvements were in attention (net effect size=0.745) and information processing speed (net effect size=0.788).Voxel-based analysis showed significant cerebral blood flow increases in the HBOT group compared to the control group in the right superior medial frontal gyrus (BA10), right and left supplementary motor area (BA6), right middle frontal gyrus (BA6), left middle frontal gyrus (BA9), left superior frontal gyrus (BA8) and the right superior parietal gyrus (BA7).In this study, HBOT was shown to induce cognitive enhancements in healthy aging adults via mechanisms involving regional changes in CBF. The main improvements include attention, information processing speed and executive functions, which normally decline with aging.
Systematic Review of Transition From Adolescent to Adult Care in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease (2013)

Awareness and practice of appropriate treatment for childhood sickle cell disease (SCD) has improved, and survival rates have increased significantly. Today, most patients will eventually require treatment in the adult-care setting. Adolescents who are transferred out from successful pediatric programs face numerous challenges regarding continuity of care, and mortality rates remain high in this age group. Here, we describe a systematic literature review conducted to examine the barriers to and approaches for successful transition of patients with SCD from adolescent to adult care. Articles were primarily located through the US National Library of Medicine (Pubmed.gov) and were omitted if their principal focus was not SCD transition treatment. A secondary search of 5 additional sources was conducted regarding relevant guidelines or meta-analyses. Current publications describe barriers to continuity of care in this group, proposals for improving the transition process, and contemporary models for SCD care transition. Clinical recommendations include development of a flexible, patient-centric transition plan and education for health care providers.
Information-theoretic limits on sparse signal recovery: Dense versus sparse measurement matrices (2008)

We study the information-theoretic limits of exactly recovering the support of a sparse signal using noisy projections defined by various classes of measurement matrices. Our analysis is high-dimensional in nature, in which the number of observations $n$, the ambient signal dimension $p$, and the signal sparsity $k$ are all allowed to tend to infinity in a general manner. This paper makes two novel contributions. First, we provide sharper necessary conditions for exact support recovery using general (non-Gaussian) dense measurement matrices. Combined with previously known sufficient conditions, this result yields sharp characterizations of when the optimal decoder can recover a signal for various scalings of the sparsity $k$ and sample size $n$, including the important special case of linear sparsity ($k = Θ(p)$) using a linear scaling of observations ($n = Θ(p)$). Our second contribution is to prove necessary conditions on the number of observations $n$ required for asymptotically reliable recovery using a class of $γ$-sparsified measurement matrices, where the measurement sparsity $γ(n, p, k) \in (0,1]$ corresponds to the fraction of non-zero entries per row. Our analysis allows general scaling of the quadruplet $(n, p, k, γ)$, and reveals three different regimes, corresponding to whether measurement sparsity has no effect, a minor effect, or a dramatic effect on the information-theoretic limits of the subset recovery problem.
Degree and prognosis of cerebral infarction with type 2 diabetes mellitus with cerebral infarction (2016)

Objective
To observe the clinical effect and prognosis of cerebral infarction with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to investigate the clinical preventive and therapeutic measures.


Methods
Eighty patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with cerebral infarction were selected as the research objects. According to 1∶1, the patients with non diabetic cerebral infarction were treated as the control group. The patients were treated with oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin.


Results
There were no significant differences in age or sex between the two groups, the observation group with severe neurologic impairment were 16 cases(20%, 16/80), and those in control group were 5 cases(6.25%, 5/80), there were significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05); Treatment invalid 10 cases(12.50%, 10/80), which were higher than that in control group(2.50%, 2/80)(P<0.05).


Conclusions
The clinical symptoms of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with acute cerebral infarction is serious, and the prognosis is poor. The blood glucose should be controlled in the normal range, improving the survival rate and the prognosis. Besides strict control of blood sugar, blood lipids, blood pressure, and appropriate anticoagulant, antiplatelet and other comprehensive treatment are all worthy of applicated.


Key words: 
Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Cerebral infarction; Nerve function defect degree; Prevention and cure measure
Self-assembly of molybdenum-iron-sulfur clusters as a synthetic approach to the molybdenum site in nitrogenase. Identification of the major products formed by the system FeCl3/MS42-/C2H5SH (M = Molybdenum, tungsten) (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelf-assembly of molybdenum-iron-sulfur clusters as a synthetic approach to the molybdenum site in nitrogenase. Identification of the major products formed by the system FeCl3/MS42-/C2H5SH (M = Molybdenum, tungsten)Thomas E. Wolff, Jeremy M. Berg, Philip P. Power, Keith O. Hodgson, R. H. Holm, and Richard B. FrankelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 18, 5454–5456Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00512a076https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00512a076research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views186Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Long-Term Outcome of Adults with Medically Intractable Neocortical Seizures Treated with Brain Responsive Neurostimulation (P5.250) (2016)

Background: Resection of the seizure focus is a treatment option for patients with medically intractable partial onset seizures (POS) if the seizure focus can be identified and resected without incurring significant neurological deficits. Adults with medically intractable POS from 1 or 2 foci who are not candidates for cortical resection may be candidates for brain responsive neurostimulation, including patients whose seizures arise from eloquent neocortex. Methods: Patients with POS of neocortical origin were identified from trials of a direct brain responsive neurostimulator (RNS ® System, NeuroPace, Mountain View, CA) that delivers brief pulses of stimulation to the seizure focus when previously determined electrographic activity is detected. Safety and effectiveness were assessed in the open label period. Results: Of the 256 clinical trial patients, 126 had POS from neocortex and 122 had open-label seizure data. Average age at enrollment was 30 years, and median baseline seizure frequency was 20.0/month. Seizure frequency was reduced with the initiation of treatment and continued to improve, reaching a median reduction of 76[percnt] during year 6. A last observation carried forward analysis showed a -58[percnt] (IQR: -11[percnt] to -95[percnt]) median percent change during the most recent 3 months of treatment compared to baseline and a 50[percnt] responder rate of 55[percnt] (95[percnt] CI: 46[percnt] - 63[percnt]). There were no serious stimulation related side effects. Conclusions: Treatment with direct brain responsive stimulation achieved long-lasting seizure reductions in adults with POS without persistent or serious stimulation related side effects. The reduction in seizures reached 76[percnt] by 6 years of treatment. Direct brain responsive stimulation provides a treatment option for some patients with medically intractable neocortical POS, including those who could be at risk for functional deficits with resection of the seizure focus.
Dynamic removal of redundant computations (1999)

A mechanism for dynamic instruction-level reuse in superscalar microprocessors is presented, The underlying concept that the mechanism exploits is the run-time removal of redundant computations, and in particular the elimination of common subexpressions and invariants. Removing redundant computation is a target of optimizing compilers but sometimes they do not succeed due to their limited knowledge of the data. Moreover: the proposed mechanism can also remove quasi-redundant computations, such as subexpressions that often produce the same result but sometimes they diffeer: depending on the data values, and thus they cannot be eliminated by the compiler: Experimental results for the Spec9.5 show that on average the mechanism can avoid the execution of about 32% of the dynamic instructions and provides an 1.10 speedup in a superscalar microprocessor: An extensive evaluation of d@erent conjgurations and a comparison with previous schemes are presented, as well as the pe$ormance potential of a pet$ect reuse engine.
Photonic applications for time delay interference cancellation systems (2003)

Aircraft can be equipped with a number of radios which need to be operated simultaneously and in the full-duplex mode. To prevent interference required a combination of antenna separation, frequency separation, transmitter power control, and specific design considerations. Interference cancellation systems often use a common antenna, a common Low Noise Amplifier, and signal splitting to each receiver. Onboard transmitter signal would be sampled, delayed, adjusted in amplitude equal to the unwanted received signal (the transmitted signal), adjusted to 180 degrees out of phase with the unwanted received signal; and injected prior to the LNA, thus canceling the unwanted transmitter signal. The time delay can be accomplished by using coaxial cable or by digitizing the transmit signal spectrum. An optical alternative would convert the RF spectrum to the optical domain, use fiber or polymeric waveguide for time delay, and then convert back to the RF domain for injection into the receiver system to accomplish the cancellation. The optical system would have to process the RF signal(s) without creating distortion, and provide sufficient flexibility to allow the system to be readily adjusted to optimize performance. The optical system, installed at the receiver, would consist of a transmitter, a programmable delay line and a receiver. An attractive implementation would be a single chip to incorporate the optical generation and switching functions to redirect the optical signal into a selected optical path. The optical paths might be polymer waveguides patterned onto a PCB. With newly developed optoelectronic integration technologies, the combination of sources, detectors, waveguide switches and amplifiers becomes a realistic possibility. The result is a rugged system with low cost and high performance. This paper describes these optical technologies and the optical interference cancellation implementation approach.
Evidence from Engineering that Decarboxylation of Free Serine is the Major Source of Ethanolamine Moieties in Plants (2003)

Plants form ethanolamine (Etn) moieties by decarboxylating serine or phosphatidylserine (PtdSer), and use them to make phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, choline, and glycine betaine. Serine decarboxylation is mediated by a serine decarboxylase (SDC) that is unique to plants and has a characteristic N-terminal extension. This extension was shown to have little influence on function of the enzyme in vitro. To explore the importance of SDC and its extension in vivo, native or truncated versions of the Arabidopsis enzyme were expressed in tobacco. Transgene expression increased SDC activity by up to 10-fold and free Etn level up to 6-fold, but did not change levels of serine, choline, phosphocholine, or phosphatidyl bases. The truncated enzyme gave significantly higher Etn levels. These results show that SDC activity exerts substantial control over flux to Etn, and suggest that the enzyme's N-terminus may have a regulatory role. In complementary studies with Arabidopsis, we showed that a mutant with 9-fold elevated mitochondrial PtdSer decarboxylase activity had normal pools of serine, Etn, and Etn metabolites. Taken together, these data indicate that serine decarboxylation is the main source of Etn moieties in plants. The ability to enhance serine --> Etn flux should advance engineering of choline and glycine betaine accumulation.
A 10-year retrospective analysis of Toxoplasma gondii qPCR screening in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients (2022)

Abstract Weekly blood Toxoplasma gondii DNA screening using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) has been implemented in all allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) recipients at our hospital. We retrospectively analyzed the consequences of a positive blood qPCR in the management of Toxoplasma infection (TI) and disease (TD). From 2011 to 2020, 52 (4.13%) of 1 257 alloHSCT recipients had at least one positive qPCR, 45 (3.5%) with TI and seven (0.56%) with TD (central nervous system involvement). Forty-four patients were qPCR-positive before day 100, 30 without and 14 with anti- Toxoplasma prophylaxis. Twenty-five of them (56.8%) started or continued prophylactic dosage treatment: all became qPCR-negative, including 20 (80%) receiving only prophylactic dosage treatment. Twenty-four of them (54.5%) received non-prophylactic dosage treatment: qPCR became negative in 22/24 (91.7%), while TI contributed to death in two cases. Six of the eight patients diagnosed after D100 were breakthrough TI or TD. No death was attributable to TI or TD. qPCR kinetics available for 24 patients increased until anti- Toxoplasma treatment began, then decreased with all treatment regimens. Clinical follow-up and qPCR monitoring with quantification of the parasitic load appears a reasonable strategy to avoid TD and to use minimal effective dosage of anti- Toxoplasma treatments.
Direct Transmission of Digital Message via Programmable Coding Metasurface (2019)

In modern wireless communications, digital information is firstly converted to analog signal by a digital-analog convertor, which is then mixed to high-frequency microwave to be transmitted through a series of devices including modulator, mixer, amplifier, filter, and antenna and is finally received by terminals via a reversed process. Although the wireless communication systems have evolved significantly over the past thirty years, the basic architecture has not been challenged. Here, we propose a method to transmit digital information directly via programmable coding metasurface. Since the coding metasurface is composed of '0' and '1' digital units with opposite phase responses, the digital information can be directly modulated to the metasurface with certain coding sequences and sent to space under the illumination of feeding antenna. The information, being modulated in radiation patterns of the metasurface, can be correctly received by multiple receivers distributed in different locations. This method provides a completely new architecture for wireless communications without using complicated digital-analog convertor and a series of active/passive microwave devices. We build up a prototype to validate the new architecture experimentally, which may find promising applications where information security is highly demanded.
The Cost of Buying Time: Lessons from the Thrift Debacle (1993)

An argument that capital forbearance for thrifts in the 1980s was at best a misguided policy whose costs will have long-term consequences for the health of both the nation's depositories and the overall economy.
Erosion rate variations during XPS sputter depth profiling of nanoporous films (2005)

Abstract Sputter depth profiling is commonly used to obtain valuable information regarding the three dimensional distribution of elements within a sample, and is one of the best ways to measure the composition of a buried interface or the uniformity of a thin film. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is one of the analysis tools often used in conjunction with ion beam erosion to obtain sputter depth profiles. However, to obtain accurate depth information it is often necessary to understand better the sputtering process for a specific materials system. Artifacts such as differential sputtering, varying sputter rates and ion beam‐induced chemistry are well known. Here, however, we present evidence from experiments on a porous thin film deposited on an Si wafer that relatively small chemical and/or structural changes in a nanoporous film can affect the rate of erosion measured during sputter depth profiling. Reproducible variations in sputter rate are found with chemical modification leading to compositional changes of the nanoporous thin film. The origin of the sputter rate changes is discussed with the aid of results obtained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, profilometry, nuclear reaction analysis, electron microscopy and XPS‐based depth profiling. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Low-latency scalable modular multiplier without Montgomery algorithm (2012)

Due to complex hardware architecture and heavy computation, it is difficult to perform modular multiplications over large integers. In this paper, we propose a low-latency scalable modular multiplier for multi-precision modular multiplications. Unlike popular scalable architectures by Montgomery algorithm, the classic modular multiplication A · B mod M is directly implemented here. Low latency can be obtained by deferring the uses of most significant bits during the interleaving modular multiplications. Also, the critical path of processing elements is greatly reduced by carry-save additions. While the scalable modular multiplier obtains comparable performance with optimal scalable Montgomery modular multiplier, its area overhead increases since more registers and selection logics are employed. The proposed modular multiplier is convenient for variant operands and nonsuccessive modular multiplications, where it is more energy-efficient than popular scalable Montgomery modular multipliers.
The roles of pregn-5-ene-3β,20α-diol and 20α-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase in the control of progesterone synthesis preceding parturition and lactogenesis in the rat (1970)

1. The activity of 20alpha-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase in rat ovarian corpora lutea increased at least 50-fold between 2 days before and 2 days after parturition, and then fell gradually during lactation. The activity of 3beta-hydroxy Delta(5)-steroid dehydrogenase decreased by 50% at parturition but remained constant at other times. 2. The 20alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one/progesterone concentration ratio in the ovary fell tenfold between 1 day before and 1 day after parturition, in contrast with the increase of the ratio for these steroids in plasma. 3. Pregnenolone was metabolized in intact cells or cell-free systems either to pregn-5-ene-3beta,20alpha-diol and then to 20alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one by 20alpha-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase and 3beta-hydroxy Delta(5)-steroid dehydrogenase respectively, or directly to progesterone by the latter enzyme. The relative activities of these pathways appeared to reflect the relative amounts of the two enzymes and the concentrations of their respective coenzymes NADPH and NAD(+). 4. From these and other observations it was concluded that the cessation of progesterone secretion, which precedes parturition and lactogenesis at the end of pregnancy, is partly due to the redirected metabolism of pregnenolone away from progesterone and towards 20alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one as the secreted end product. This is primarily the consequence of the sharp increase in the activity of 20alpha-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase. This mechanism is super-imposed on the already declining rate of net Delta(4)-steroid release by the ovary. 5. A relationship of these pathways to subcellular compartments of luteal cells is proposed.