gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immuno-PET Molecular Imaging of RANKL in Cancer (2021)

[<sup>89</sup>Zr]Zr-DFO-AMG162 can detect heterogeneous RANKL expression in the TME of human cancer xenografts, supporting further translation of RANKL immuno-PET to evaluate tumor RANKL distribution in patients.
Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Central Asian Strain1 using mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit genotyping (2007)

We propose that MIRU typing could be used to estimate the phylogenetic relatedness amongst prevalent CAS1 strains, for which MIRU loci 26, 31, 16, 10, 27, 39 and 40 were found to be the most discriminatory.
Strukturuntersuchungen am Oesophagus verschiedener Vogelarten) (1972)

Zusammenfassung In den drei Abschnitten Pars superior, Ingluvies und Pars inferior, des Oesophagus verschiedener Haus- und Wildvogelarten wird der Aufbau des Epithels und der Drüsen auf Grund licht- und elektronenoptischer Untersuchungen beschrieben. Mit Hilfe verschiedener histochemischer Reaktionen wurde der Verhornungsgrad des Epithels sowie die Qualität des von den Drüsen abgegebenen Schleimes bestimmt. Eine Beziehung zwischen der Struktur des Oesophagus und der Konsistenz der aufgenommenen Nahrung kann in keinem der drei Abschnitte festgestellt werden. Summary Examination of the Structure of the Esophagus in Various Birds Using light and electronmicroscopy, the structure of the epithelium and glands in the upper and lower parts of the esophagus and in the crop of various domestic and wild birds was studied. In addition, the degree of epithelial cornification and the quality of the mucus secreted by the glands was determined histochemically. In none of the three esophageal segments a relationship between structure and the type of food consumed by the bird could be established. Résumé Recherches sur la structure de l'oesophage de divers Oiseaux La structure de l'épithélium et des glandes des portions supérieures et inférieures de l'oesophage ainsi que du jabot de différents Oiseaux domestiques et sauvages a étéétudiée aux microscopes optique et électronique. En outre, le degré de kératinisation de l'épithélium et la nature du mucus secrété par les glandes ont été déterminés par l'histochimie. On n'a pu établir dans aucun des trois segments oesophagiens considérés de relation entre la structure et le type d'aliments consommé par l'oiseau. Resumen Investigaciones sobre estructuras del esófago de diferentes classes de aves En investigaciones microscópicas corrientes y electrónicas, se describe la constitución del epitelio y de las glándulas en las tres porciones del esófago de diferentes aves domésticas y silvestres. Mediante varias reacciones histoquímicas, se determinó el grado de cornificación del epitelio y la calidad del moco producido por las glándulas. En ninguna de las tres porciones, se encontró una relación entre la estructura del esófago y la consistencia de los alimentos ingeridos.
Software modem for near field acoustic communication with antenna diversity technique (2013)

Acoustic communication has broad utility for near field, device-to-device communication, since it utilizes the standard equipment; speaker and microphone. In this paper, a simple acoustic modem that enables communication using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is focused on. In near-field acoustic communication, the effect of the environmental noise cannot be negligible. To achieve reliable communication, the modem is designed to use antenna diversity which utilizes multiple microphones. To confirm the effectiveness of the antenna diversity technique, simulation of acoustic communication using real channel data is performed. As a result, it was confirmed that the modem with the antenna diversity technique could achieve lower bit error rate (BER) than that without antenna diversity.
A Template Synthesis of Stable Conjugated Primary Enamines from Ketones, Nitriles, and Butadiene (1994)

The energy of conjugation of butadiene is sufficient to favor the primary enamines 3 over the imine tautomers 2 under equilibrium conditions. They are now readily accessible by template synthesis via the imine intermediates 1. R1 = Ph, -CH2CH2-, CH3; R2 - Ph, tBu, p-CH3C6H4, p-NCC6H4, CHCHCN.
ChemInform Abstract: Azoles. Part 33. 5‐Fluoroindazole Derivatives. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Volume Preservation of Multiresolution Meshes (2007)

Abstract Geometric constraints have proved to be efficient for enhancing the realism of shape animation. The present paper addresses the computation and the preservation of the volume enclosed by multiresolution meshes. A wavelet based representation allows the mesh to be handled at any level of resolution. The key contribution is the calculation of the volume as a trilinear form with respect to the multiresolution coefficients. Efficiency is reached thanks to the pre‐processing of a sparse 3D data structure involving the transposition of the filters while represented as a lifting scheme. A versatile and interactive method for preserving the volume during a deformation process is then proposed. It is based on a quadratic minimization subject to a linearization of the volume constraint. A closed form of the solution is derived.
Critique of the solid angle method (1977)

Results of a study to investigate the margin of safety associated with the application of the solid angle neutron interaction method to evaluate the criticality safety of arrays of fissile units are presented. The study was primarily concerned with the application of the method to low enriched (< or = to 5 wt % /sup 235/U) uranium systems, since LWR fuel fabrication is a major area of application of the method today. However, some work on fully enriched U and Pu systems was included. Several combinations of allowed conditions, which although predicted to yield a safe array by the solid angle method, actually yielded a critical array when calculated by the KENO-IV code with Hansen-Roach cross sections. It was not possible to demonstrate the validity of the solid angle method for the general case. The problem areas identified did suggest some possible additional criteria or limitations which might be applied to render the method valid for a given area of application. One possible approach would be to limit the application to water reflected arrays of well moderated units with < or = to wt % /sup 235/U and unit k/sub eff/s based on optimum moderation within the units. Whether or not a given set of these criteria or limitations is complete for a specific application remains to be tested. Based on limited results it is recommended that caution be exercised in the use of the solid angle method in areas where it has not been shown to be valid by comparison to more sophisticated array evaluation techniques.
Inverting Learned Dynamics Models for Aggressive Multirotor Control (2019)

We present a control strategy that applies inverse dynamics to a learned acceleration error model for accurate multirotor control input generation. This allows us to retain accurate trajectory and control input generation despite the presence of exogenous disturbances and modeling errors. Although accurate control input generation is traditionally possible when combined with parameter learning-based techniques, we propose a method that can do so while solving the relatively easier non-parametric model learning problem. We show that our technique is able to compensate for a larger class of model disturbances than traditional techniques can and we show reduced tracking error while following trajectories demanding accelerations of more than 7 m/s^2 in multirotor simulation and hardware experiments.
Polymer Surface Melting Mediated by Capillary Waves (2004)

Nuclear magnetic resonance investigations of atactic polystyrene emulsions yield direct evidence that the polymer surface exhibits a rather well-defined molten layer. Its thickness $d$ grows continuously as the temperature is increased towards the bulk glass transition, according to $d\ensuremath{\propto}({T}_{g}\ensuremath{-}T{)}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. This is precisely what was recently predicted by a simple continuum model considering viscoelastic surface waves. Furthermore, this model is capable of explaining the frequently reported depression of the glass transition temperature in thin polymer films, and thus suggests a quite simple mechanism to underlie all these effects.
Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-2-Methylene Carbonyl Compounds - Effect of Catalyst and Substrate on Reaction Rate (1988)

Abstract 3-Hydroxyquinuclidine enhances the rate of formation of the title compounds whereas the acetylated derivative is a poor catalyst. A comparative study shows that methyl vinyl ketone is more reactive than methyl acrylate in the Baylis-Hillman reaction.
Growth Complementation of Influenza Virus Temperature-Sensitive Mutants in Mouse Cells Which Express the RNA Polymerase and Nucleoprotein Genes1 (1991)

In order to establish cell lines which complement the growth of temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of influenza virus, three RNA polymerase and nucleoprotein (NP) genes each linked to the mouse mammary tumor virus LTR were cloned into the bovine papillomavirus vector DNA. After co-transfection of mouse C127 cells with these recombinant plasmids, a cell line, clone 76, in which the expression of the three polymerase and NP genes could be stimulated by dexamethasone, was established. The clone 76 cells could complement the growth of ts-mutants defective in one of the polymerase subunit genes at the nonpermissive temperature in response to dexamethasone. The results suggest that the simultaneous expression of the three polymerase genes in the same compartment of protein synthesis machinery is required for an efficient complementation of ts-mutant growth.
Irrigation has Little Effect on Unsaturated Fatty Acid Content in Soya Bean Seed Oil within Genotypes Differing in Fatty Acid Profile (2008)

Abstract Soya bean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genotypes with modified unsaturated fatty acid profiles in seed oil have been developed. Higher oleic (18:1) and lower linolenic (18:3) acids are desirable for increased use of soya bean oil in food and industrial applications. The environment affects levels of unsaturated fatty acids in soya bean and it is important that desired components of seed oil are produced across a range of growing conditions. Our objective was to determine whether irrigation affects fatty acid levels in soya bean with altered fatty acid profiles. Seven modified oil genotypes which included elevated oleic acids, and/or reduced linolenic acid, along with two common soya bean varieties were evaluated with and without irrigation (rain fed) in four environments in each of 2 years. Irrigation generally had no significant influence on unsaturated fatty acid accumulation in seed oil in soya bean genotypes with altered fatty acid profiles. However, irrigation tended to show desirable effects on 18:1 and 18:3 contents in the genotypes studied. Oleic acid tended to be higher in eight of the nine genotypes and linolenic acid was lower in six of the nine genotypes under irrigation vs. rain fed treatments.
Effect of Structure and Disorder on the Charge Transport in Defined Self-Assembled Monolayers of Organic Semiconductors (2017)

Self-assembled monolayer field-effect transistors (SAMFETs) are not only a promising type of organic electronic device but also allow detailed analyses of structure-property correlations. The influence of the morphology on the charge transport is particularly pronounced, due to the confined monolayer of 2D-π-stacked organic semiconductor molecules. The morphology, in turn, is governed by relatively weak van-der-Waals interactions and is thus prone to dynamic structural fluctuations. Accordingly, combining electronic and physical characterization and time-averaged X-ray analyses with the dynamic information available at atomic resolution from simulations allows us to characterize self-assembled monolayer (SAM) based devices in great detail. For this purpose, we have constructed transistors based on SAMs of two molecules that consist of the organic p-type semiconductor benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (BTBT), linked to a C<sub>11</sub> or C<sub>12</sub> alkylphosphonic acid. Both molecules form ordered SAMs; however, our experiments show that the size of the crystalline domains and the charge-transport properties vary considerably in the two systems. These findings were confirmed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and semiempirical molecular-orbital electronic-structure calculations, performed on snapshots from the MD simulations at different times, revealing, in atomistic detail, how the charge transport in organic semiconductors is influenced and limited by dynamic disorder.
New insights into dialysis hypotension (1994)

The interrelationship between Kt/V (urea), protein catabolic rate, dialysis membrane, nutritional status and outcome: These correlations are summarized in Figure 3. A given dialysis membrane will allow a given Kt/V (urea) and hence, influence urea removal. The balance between urea removal and urea generation will determine the urea pool and the urea concentration for a given volume of distribution. It is postulated that this urea concentration in some way causes 'biofeedback' determining the protein intake of a given patient which, of course, will influence the protein catabolic rate and hence, the urea generation. The protein catabolic rate may be adversely influenced by the use of bioincompatible membranes which produce activated complement, IL-1, tissue necrosing factor, etc. In addition, the membrane will determine the Kt/V (other toxins; 'middle molecules') which may also influence protein intake. The protein intake will affect the overall nutritional status which, in turn, has a major impact on morbidity and mortality. We suggest that the most effective way to influence morbidity and mortality is to ensure that a Kt/V (urea) well in excess of 1 (perhaps between 1.4 and 1.6) is delivered to the patient if a cellulosic membrane is used. It may be possible to deliver less than this value using a biocompatible membrane which has increased Kt/V (middle molecules) for a given Kt/V (urea). Whatever the method of dialysis or Kt/V (urea) applied, attention should also be gi en to nutritional assessment of the patient, and amongst the tools available to the clinician is the estimation of the protein catabolic rate by urea kinetic modelling.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
COVID-19 Neuropathology at Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York Presbyterian Hospital (2021)

Abstract Many patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection develop neurological signs and symptoms, though, to date, little evidence exists that primary infection of the brain is a significant contributing factor. We present the clinical, neuropathological, and molecular findings of 41 consecutive patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections who died and underwent autopsy in our medical center. The mean age was 74 years (38-97 years), 27 patients (66%) were male and 34 (83%) were of Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity. Twenty-four patients (59%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Hospital-associated complications were common, including 8 (20%) with deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism (DVT/PE), 7 (17%) patients with acute kidney injury requiring dialysis, and 10 (24%) with positive blood cultures during admission. Eight (20%) patients died within 24 hours of hospital admission, while 11 (27%) died more than 4 weeks after hospital admission. Neuropathological examination of 20-30 areas from each brain revealed hypoxic/ischemic changes in all brains, both global and focal; large and small infarcts, many of which appeared hemorrhagic; and microglial activation with microglial nodules accompanied by neuronophagia, most prominently in the brainstem. We observed sparse T lymphocyte accumulation in either perivascular regions or in the brain parenchyma. Many brains contained atherosclerosis of large arteries and arteriolosclerosis, though none had evidence of vasculitis. Eighteen (44%) contained pathologies of neurodegenerative diseases, not unexpected given the age range of our patients. We examined multiple fresh frozen and fixed tissues from 28 brains for the presence of viral RNA and protein, using quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR), RNAscope, and immunocytochemistry with primers, probes, and antibodies directed against the spike and nucleocapsid regions. qRT-PCR revealed low to very low, but detectable, viral RNA levels in the majority of brains, although they were far lower than those in nasal epithelia. RNAscope and immunocytochemistry failed to detect viral RNA or protein in brains. Our findings indicate that the levels of detectable virus in COVID-19 brains are very low and do not correlate with the histopathological alterations. These findings suggest that microglial activation, microglial nodules and neuronophagia, observed in the majority of brains, do not result from direct viral infection of brain parenchyma, but rather likely from systemic inflammation, perhaps with synergistic contribution from hypoxia/ischemia. Further studies are needed to define whether these pathologies, if present in patients who survive COVID-19, might contribute to chronic neurological problems.
Performance Trade-Off Scenarios for GAA Nanosheet FETs Considering Inner-spacers and Epi-induced Stress: Understanding & Mitigating Process Risks (2021)

This paper benchmark the intrinsic trade-off between two essential modules of gate-all-around GAA nanosheet (NS)FETs viz. inner-spacers (ISPs) epi-induced stress in the channel. While having both ISPs and the stress is the best-case scenario for NSFET, it comes with enhanced process challenges and performance risks: poor epi-quality resulting in a no-channel stress scenario. While inner-spacers are important to parasitic capacitance reduction, we show that having intrinsic epi-stress is more beneficial and provides a better performance trade-off. We further evaluate the impact of inner-spacer κ-value and enhanced epi-volume for the two different cases. Finally, we have performed self-heating studies to show how skipping inner-spacers can provide additional reduction in peak temperature.
Death From Uveal Melanoma (1987)

Criteria for the Callender classification of uveal melanoma are subjective and lead to variations among observers of the same tumor. Two other measures for cell type-the number of epithelioid cells per high-power field (Epi/HPF) and the inverse SD of nucleolar area (ISDNA)-were evaluated as prognostic factors for survival following enucleation for uveal melanoma in 232 patients. Variables significantly related to the number of Epi/HPF were related to ISDNA. Larger, more anteriorly located tumors had a high number of Epi/HPF and a low ISDNA. The two measures were also correlated. Using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, both measures were related to tumor deaths. Worse prognosis was associated with a higher number of Epi/HPF and a lower ISDNA. Considered together in Cox' proportional hazards analysis, both measures independently predicted outcome. Separately, each measure predicted uveal melanoma-related deaths, in combination with largest tumor dimension, invasion of tumor to the line of transection, and location of the anterior tumor margin. Although ISDNA is the more objective measure of cell type, its practicality compared with other measures of cell type must also be considered.
THE EFFECT OF HANDLEBAR POSITION UPON CYCLING EFFICIENCY. (1989)

Shapiro, A. R.; Otto, R. M.; Wygand, J.; Shaughnessy, S.; St. George, K. Author Information
Notes from the other side (2008)

Editor's note: I met Anonymous at a lunch---no cloak-and-dagger stuff here. He told me about his experiences as an online student and agreed to tell his story again in the article below. Because he is pursuing a position with the online faculty of the school at which he earned his master's degree, he asked to remain anonymous.
Reactive-Transport Modeling of Electrochemical Oxidation of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Porous Flow-through Electrodes (2022)

A reactive transport mathematical model was developed to simulate the electrochemical oxidation of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid in porous electrodes. The performance and sensitivity of the electrode were evaluated by varying five input parameters (specific surface area, electrode thickness, electrode conductivity, pore velocity, and applied potential). Sensitivity analysis was carried out via Latin hypercube sampling, Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficients, and Sobol’s analysis for five performance metrics (outlet concentration, energy per log removal of the contaminant, pumping energy, removal rate, and fractional utilization of the electrode). High sensitivity to input parameters related to the electrode thickness and surface area was observed. Higher fluxes improve mass transfer in the electrode, but lower fluxes lead to better conversion and lower energy consumption due to longer residence times. Analysis of reactors in a series model suggests that increasing the length or the specific surface area of porous electrodes and operating under conditions that minimize the number of reactors may be the most energy-efficient and cost-effective approach. This modeling approach can be used to understand how operating parameters, material properties, and energy consumption of porous electrodes can inform design decisions.
Abstract 4603: Detection of pancreatic cancer using rapid dielectrophoresis based recovery of tumor derived extra cellular vesicles and exosomes from plasma (2020)

Abstract Tumor derived extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, carry cancer related proteins on their outer surfaces making them a valuable source of tumor biomarkers in blood. However, these vesicles are difficult to recover from plasma and this prevents them from being widely used for clinical diagnostic tests. Here we present a technique that uses high conductance dielectrophoresis to rapidly recover these vesicles from plasma allowing for immunofluorescence detection of cancer related biomarkers. We demonstrate this technique can be used to detect biomarkers that successfully distinguish patients with pancreatic cancer from those with benign pancreatic disease, such as pancreatitis, as well as healthy individuals. What makes dielectrophoresis different from other vesicle recovery techniques is that it takes advantage of the large contrast in the dielectric properties between the vesicles and the surrounding plasma. The dielectrophoretic force preferentially draws vesicles to an electrode array at the bottom of a microfluidic chip where they are held in place allowing a fluidic wash to remove the bulk plasma. The vesicles are concentrated at the electrode edge thereby increasing the signal to noise ratio of the fluorescent immunostaining signal and placing the particles in known locations allowing for automated detection and quantification of biomarker levels. This technique takes 30 min to complete, requires 30-50 µl of plasma, and can be highly automated to reduce labor effort making it a promising technology for future translation into the clinical laboratory setting and enabling the use of extracellular vesicles and exosomes for diagnostic applications. Citation Format: Augusta Modestino, Jesus Bueno Alvarez, Michael Heller, Stuart Ibsen. Detection of pancreatic cancer using rapid dielectrophoresis based recovery of tumor derived extra cellular vesicles and exosomes from plasma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 4603.