gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of point landmarks in 3D medical images via phase congruency model (2011)

Abstract This paper presents a novel technique for detection of point landmarks in volumetric medical images based on a three-dimensional (3D) Phase Congruency (PC) model. A bank of 3D log-Gabor filters is specially designed in the frequency domain and used to compute 3D energy maps, which are further combined to form the phase congruency measure. The PC measure is invariant to intensity variations and contrast resolution and provides a good indication of feature significance in an image. To detect significant 3D point landmarks, eigen-analysis of a 3×3 matrix of second-order PC moments, computed for each point in the image, is performed followed by local maxima detection. Two different application scenarios in radiation therapy planning of the head and neck anatomy are used to illustrate the feasibility and usefulness of the proposed method.
Adjuvant Screen Identifies Synthetic DNA-Encoding Flt3L and CD80 Immunotherapeutics as Candidates for Enhancing Anti-tumor T Cell Responses (2020)

Overcoming tolerance to tumor-associated antigens remains a hurdle for cancer vaccine-based immunotherapy. A strategy to enhance the anti-tumor immune response is the inclusion of adjuvants to cancer vaccine protocols. In this report, we generated and systematically screened over twenty gene-based molecular adjuvants composed of cytokines, chemokines, and T cell co-stimulators for the ability to increase anti-tumor antigen T cell immunity. We identified several robust adjuvants whose addition to vaccine formulations resulted in enhanced T cell responses targeting the cancer antigens STEAP1 and TERT. We further characterized direct T cell stimulation through CD80-Fc and indirect T cell targeting via the dendritic cell activator Flt3L-Fc. Mechanistically, intramuscular delivery of Flt3L-Fc into mice was associated with a significant increase in infiltration of dendritic cells at the site of administration and trafficking of activated dendritic cells to the draining lymph node. Gene expression analysis of the muscle tissue confirmed a significant up-regulation in genes associated with dendritic cell signaling. Addition of CD80-Fc to STEAP1 vaccine formulation mimicked the engagement provided by DCs and increased T cell responses to STEAP1 by 8-fold, significantly increasing the frequency of antigen-specific cells expressing IFNγ, TNFα, and CD107a for both CD8<sup>+</sup> and CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells. CD80-Fc enhanced T cell responses to multiple tumor-associated antigens including Survivin and HPV, indicating its potential as a universal adjuvant for cancer vaccines. Together, the results of our study highlight the adjuvanting effect of T cell engagement either directly, CD80-Fc, or indirectly, Flt3L-Fc, for cancer vaccines.
Strukturintegrierte Kraftmessung (2016)

Kurzfassung Strukturintegrierte einachsige Kraftsensorik bietet im Vergleich zur Messung mit 6D-Kraftmessplattformen am Endeffektor Vorteile hinsichtlich Kosten, Robustheit sowie verfügbarem Arbeitsraum und ist i. d. R. vielfach genauer als eine Kraftschätzung aus den Strömen der Antriebe. Allerdings haben struktur- und prozessbedingte Einflüsse Auswirkungen auf die Messung und müssen bei der Auswertung durch entsprechende Modelle berücksichtigt werden. Teil 1 der Veröffentlichungsreihe beschäftigt sich mit der Auslegung und Verformungsbetrachtung von Stabwerksstrukturen zur Sensorintegration. In Teil 2 werden die Aufstellung, Parametrierung, Verifikation und Charakterisierung der Modelle für die wirkstellennahe Messung beschrieben. In diesem Teil folgt die wirkstellenferne Messung.
Novel cationic surfactants for CO2-foam flooding in carbonate reservoirs (2015)

Mohanty's research group, especially those in 5.106.Himanshu, Thew, Pinaki, and Shashvat, I could not have completed my degree without you guys.From our lunches to our research discussions, you
On the measurement of the conductivity of highly insulating liquids (1994)

The present increasing interest for accurate conductivity measurements on highly insulating liquids is underlined. Criteria for valuable measurements are recalled. An apparatus using a new technology is briefly described. It allows us to perform a number of experiments and it is shown that accurate measurements of the conductivity of highly insulating oils can now be obtained at room temperature. Experiments carried out in an extended range of electrode gap distance from 0.7 to 7 mm, and of voltage from 0.1 to 100 V, demonstrate that we do measure the volume conductivity of the liquid. From a practical point of view, it is concluded that laboratory or in-line measurements on highly insulating oils can also be made using small volume of liquid or small electrode gap distance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Ascorbic Acid Induced Enhancement of Room Temperature Phosphorescence of Sodium Tripolyphosphate‐Capped Mn‐Doped ZnS Quantum Dots: Mechanism and Bioprobe Applications (2010)

Although quantum dot (QD)-based room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) probes are promising for practical applications in complex matrixes such as environmental, food and biological samples, current QD-based-RTP probes are not only quite limited but also exclusively based on the RTP quenching mechanism. Here we report an ascorbic acid (AA) induced phosphorescence enhancement of sodium tripolyphosphate-capped Mn-doped ZnS QDs, and its application for turn-on RTP detection. The chelating ability allows AA to extract the Mn and Zn from the surface of the QDs and to generate more holes which are subsequently trapped by Mn(2+), while the reducing property permits AA to reduce Mn(3+) to Mn(2+) in the excited state, thereby enhancing the excitation and orange emission of the QDs. The enhanced RTP intensity of the QDs increases linearly with the concentration of AA in the range of 0.05-0.8 μM. Thus, a QD-based RTP probe for AA is developed. The proposed QD-based turn-on RTP probe avoids tedious sample pretreatment, and offers good sensitivity and selectivity for AA in the presence of the main relevant metal ions and other molecules in biological fluids. The limit of detection (3s) of the developed method is 9 nM AA, and the relative standard deviation is 4.8 % for 11 replicate detections of 0.1 μM AA. The developed method is successfully applied to the analysis of real samples of human urine and plasma for AA with quantitative recoveries from 96 to 105 %.
SV40 large T-antigen: dual oncogene. (1986)

Simian virus 40 (SV40) is a small, DNA-containing tumour virus. One of its gene products, the large tumour antigen (T-ag), is essential for both viral replication and cell transformation. SV40 T-ag can be considered a dual oncogene protein; it is a composite transforming protein that provides distinct functions at different subcellular locations. In addition to its roles in virus replication, T-ag exerts numerous effects on host cells. Those cellular effects reflect viral stimulation of host cell entry into S phase. Numerous chemical modifications have been ascribed to T-ag. They might be involved in defining subpopulations of T-ag that are, in turn, responsible for mediating various T-ag biochemical functions. The T-ag polypeptide, 90,000-100,000 in molecular weight, appears to contain multiple, discrete functional domains; several biological activities have been assigned to relatively small defined regions of the molecule. The cellular progenitors of the T-ag biochemical activities are not obvious. A cellular protein, p53, thought to be involved in regulation of cell proliferation, becomes complexed with T-ag in transformed cells and is stabilized. The interaction of T-ag with this cellular substrate may play an important part in SV40 transformation. T-ag and T-ag/p53 complexes are localized in both the nucleus and plasma membrane of transformed cells. T-ag is transported to the nucleus because of a 7-residue nuclear transport signal contained within its primary sequence. Its migration to the membrane is by an unknown pathway. Only a minor fraction of the total cellular T-ag is present at the cell surface. Both amino and carboxy termini of the T-ag polypeptide are exposed on the extracellular face of the cell. Nuclear and membrane T-ag are structurally very similar, although a portion of membrane T-ag is acylated and nuclear T-ag is not. The nuclear and membrane forms of T-ag apparently provide separate and complementary functions necessary for cell transformation. Nuclear T-ag is important in immortalizing primary cells and membrane T-ag may mediate more pronounced morphological changes. A model is presented, postulating how the two forms of T-ag might cooperate to mediate phenotypic transformation.
Analytical Dielectric Spectrum Formula Based on Representative Frequencies (2009)

According to experimental data available for the complex refractive index of particular dielectrics, a dielectric spectrum formula is proposed by the least square fitting technique combined with selected natural frequencies. From the dielectric spectrum formula, the spectra of optical and dielectric constants can be obtained in the whole frequency region. Three dielectrics, water, ethanol, and toluene, are taken as examples. In the region where the experimental data are available, the spectra of the optical constants calculated by the formula are in good agreement with the real refractive spectrum obtained by KramersKronig (KK) transform and the experimental imaginary refractive spectrum. In the region where no experimental data are available, the extrapolation of our formula can make predictions. The merits of the present treatment are that we are able to get the uniform spectrum formula, without splitting into different frequency sections, and the analytical form of the dielectric spectra will be useful in the theoretical description of solvation dynamics.
A Synaptic Explanation of Suppression in Visual Cortex (2002)

The responses of neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1) are suppressed by mask stimuli that do not elicit responses if presented alone. This suppression is widely believed to be mediated by intracortical inhibition. As an alternative, we propose that it can be explained by thalamocortical synaptic depression. This explanation correctly predicts that suppression is monocular, immune to cortical adaptation, and occurs for mask stimuli that elicit responses in the thalamus but not in the cortex. Depression also explains other phenomena previously ascribed to intracortical inhibition. It explains why responses saturate at high stimulus contrast, whereas selectivity for orientation and spatial frequency is invariant with contrast. It explains why transient responses to flashed stimuli are nonlinear, whereas spatial summation is primarily linear. These results suggest that the very first synapses into the cortex, and not the cortical network, may account for important response properties of V1 neurons.
Sodium Citrate Alleviates Virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2022)

The development of bacterial resistance is an insistent global health care issue, especially in light of the dwindled supply of new antimicrobial agents. This mandates the development of new innovative approaches to overcome the resistance development obstacle. Mitigation of bacterial virulence is an interesting approach that offers multiple advantages. Employing safe chemicals or drugs to mitigate bacterial virulence is an additive advantage. In the current study, the in vitro antivirulence activities of citrate were evaluated. Significantly, sodium citrate inhibited bacterial biofilm formation at sub-MIC concentrations. Furthermore, sodium citrate decreased the production of virulence factors protease and pyocyanin and diminished bacterial motility. Quorum sensing (QS) is the communicative system that bacterial cells utilize to communicate with each other and regulate the virulence of the host cells. In the present study, citrate in silico blocked the <i>Pseudomonas</i> QS receptors and downregulated the expression of QS-encoding genes. In conclusion, sodium citrate showed a significant ability to diminish bacterial virulence in vitro and interfered with QS; it could serve as a safe adjuvant to traditional antibiotic treatment for aggressive resistant bacterial infections such as <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infections.
Synthesis and characterization of the first relatively stable dianionic germenolates (2016)

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACTSynthesis and characterization of the first relatively stable dianionic germenolatesAll authorsMichael Haas, Mario Leypold, Dominik Schnalzer, Ana Torvisco & Harald Stuegerhttps://doi.org/10.1080/10426507.2015.1128914Published online:06 April 2016
Measurements of Aerodynamic Penalties Associated With Film Cooling (1998)

Abstract Film cooling in gas turbine engine designs has shown great benefit over the years. Film cooling flows perturb the boundary layer flow, however, as they emerge from discrete holes. The impact on aerodynamics is experimentally evaluated for both streamwise and lateral film cooling injection. Injection is with a hole length-to-diameter ratio of 2.3 and a 35° angle of inclination. Data for two coolant-to-freestream momentum flux ratios, 0.25 and 1.0, with a high freestream turbulence intensity of 11.3% are given. Comparisons are made to similar cases without coolant injection. Evaluation is in terms of momentum thickness, shape factor, and skin friction coefficient distributions. Turbulence data are also provided. The injection geometry and coolant-to-freestream momentum flux ratio are shown to greatly influence aerodynamic penalties. Lateral injection imposes more losses, but lower skin friction values, than does streamwise injection. In some instances, the emerging coolant is capable of energizing the boundary layer, reducing losses relative to those present without coolant injection.
Pathology Produced by Sulfur Mustard in Human Skin Grafts on Athymic Nude Mice. II. Ultrastructural Changes (1984)

The human skin graft/nude mouse model was used to study sulfur mustard (SM) -induced pathology of skin at the ultrastructural level. The electron microscope confirms and extends the histopathology previously noted under light microscopy. SM caused extensive injury to the basal keratinocytes, the severity of which was dependent on both time and dose. Ultrastructurally visible damage took several hours to develop. The following sequence of morphological changes was observed: (a) Extensive condensation and margination of heterochromatin and loss of euchromatin, (b) blebbing of the nuclear membrane, (c) appearance of perinuclear vacuoles, (d) swelling of the endoplasmic reticulum, (e) progressive dissociation of rosettes of free polyribosomes, (f) formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles, (g) loss of the integrity of the basal cell plasma membrane, (h) leakage of cell contents and debris into the lamina lucida, (i) disruption of the anchoring filaments of hemidesmosomes with separation of the plasma membrane from the lamina densa, and accumulation of edema fluid in the lamina lucida, and (j) infiltration of phagocytes into areas of major damage. The damage to the basal cell layer eventually resulted in the separation of the epidermis from the dermis and the formation of a subepidermal microblister. Changes in the dermis were also noted, but these did not become evident until after basal cell injury was already underway. The dermal changes consisted of edema with separated but otherwise intact collagen bundles, and of damage to the fibroblasts and endothelial cells which were in close proximity to the necrotic basal cell layer. The pathology observed at the ultrastructural level strongly supports the view that the SM-induced injury to human skin begins at the basal cell layer.
Relationship problems inherent in the decentralized United Nations System (1978)

The organizational structure of the League of Nations' non-political work–on economic and financial matters, on communications and transit, on health, on narcotic drug control and certain other social problems–was essentially a centralized one, although each technical ‘organization’ enjoyed a considerable degree of independence. The Expert Committees in each organization reported to the League of Nations Council and were served by members of the League secretariat; and the work was financed from the budget of the League. That budget also financed the work of the International Labour Organization (ILO), which had been established, in accordance with Chapter 13 of the Treaty of Versailles, ‘at the seat of the League of Nations as part of the organisation of the League’.
Metabolic, Phylogenetic, and Ecological Diversity of the Methanogenic Archaea (2008)

Although of limited metabolic diversity, methanogenic archaea or methanogens possess great phylogenetic and ecological diversity. Only three types of methanogenic pathways are known: CO(2)-reduction, methyl-group reduction, and the aceticlastic reaction. Cultured methanogens are grouped into five orders based upon their phylogeny and phenotypic properties. In addition, uncultured methanogens that may represent new orders are present in many environments. The ecology of methanogens highlights their complex interactions with other anaerobes and the physical and chemical factors controlling their function.
Breeding System and Reproductive Success of Thryptomene calycina (Myrtaceae) (1993)

Thryptomene calycina (Lindl.) Stapf is a small bush with a long flowering period in winter. Hundreds of small flowers open at one time. Its breeding system is highly self-incompatible, with an index of Self-Incompatibility of 0 - 0.1. The site of arrest of self-incompatible tubes is near the micropyle. In wild populations the natural seed set varies between 9 and 13%. Pollination is not a factor limiting seed set in these flowers since every stigma examined from wild populations carried some germinated pollen grains. The low level of seed production is because most pollinations are probably ineffective selfs which occur when pollen exudes from pores in the anthers directly over the stigma; air currents and rain splashing probably accentuate the effect. Self-pollination is facilitated by the long period of stigma receptivity which occurs for 12 days commencing 2 days after anthesis. Each flower contains approximately 60 000 pollen grains that are viable for up to 15 days. The pollen-ovule ratio is high, up to 32 000. Most pollen is shed 3 days after anthesis, but this depends on temperature, relative humidity and probably the water potential of flowers. The flowers are visited by few flying insects during most of the flowering season. In warm weather near the end of flowering a wide range of insects visit the flowers. Although the visitors are mostly small flies these are ineffective pollinators. The main potential pollinators are medium sized flies and bees.
Design of Computer Vision and Image Processing Technology Based Car Keys Tooth Identification Detection System (2014)

This paper can be used as acar key toothed recognition and detection technology and computer vision, imageprocessing technology combined with interdisciplinary applications. Car lockassembly complicated procedures, identification and car keys tooth detection isone of the key aspects of automotive lock assembly, lock a direct impact on theefficiency of the assembly process. The system can effectively improve theexisting car key tooth detection technology to reduce the cost of car keystooth detection recognition, while also rapid and accurate identification, sothat the entire lock assembly process much more efficient.
Dynamic Ambient Occlusion and Indirect Lighting (2005)

In this chapter we describe a new technique for computing diffuse light transfer and show how it can be used to compute global illumination for animated scenes. Our technique is efficient enough when implemented on a fast GPU to calculate ambient occlusion and indirect lighting data on the fly for each rendered frame. It does not have the limitations of precomputed radiance transfer (PRT) or precomputed ambient oc-clusion techniques, which are limited to rigid objects that do not move relative to one another (Sloan 2002). Figure 14-1 illustrates how ambient occlusion and indirect light-ing enhance environment lighting. Our technique works by treating polygon meshes as a set of surface elements that can emit, transmit, or reflect light and that can shadow each other. This method is so effi-cient because it works without calculating the visibility of one element to another. In-stead, it uses a much simpler and faster technique based on approximate shadowing to account for occluding (blocking) geometry. 14.1 Surface Elements The first step in our algorithm is to convert the polygonal data to surface elements to make it easy to calculate how much one part of a surface shadows or illuminates an-other. Figure 14-2 illustrates the basic concept. We define a surface element as an ori-ented disk with a position, normal, and area. An element has a front face and a back 214_gems2_ch14_new.qxp 2/2/2005 4:10 PM Page 223 224 face. Light is emitted and reflected from the front-facing side. Light is transmitted and shadows are cast from the back. We create one element per vertex of the mesh. Assum-ing that the vertices are defined with a position and normal already, we just need to calculate the area of each element. We calculate the area at a vertex as the sum of one-third of the area of the triangles that share the vertex (or one-fourth of the area for quads). Heron’s formula for the area of a triangle with sides of length a, b, and c is:
Measurement of the rates of the electron-transfer reactions between tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(3+) and tris(1,10-phenanthroline)cobalt(2+) or tris(2,2'-bipyridine)cobalt(2+) by flash photolysis techniques (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMeasurement of the rates of the electron-transfer reactions between tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(3+) and tris(1,10-phenanthroline)cobalt(2+) or tris(2,2'-bipyridine)cobalt(2+) by flash photolysis techniquesRussell Berkoff, Kevin Krist, and Harry D. GafneyCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1980, 19, 1, 1–7Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50203a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50203a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views212Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts