gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spin-Wave Damping and Hydrodynamics in the Heisenberg Antiferromagnet (1970)

The Dyson-Maleev formalism is used to calculate the decay rate of antiferromagnetic spin waves at low temperatures and long wavelengths. Various regimes must be distinguished depending on the relation between the wavevector k, the temperature T, and the anisotropy energy. For the isotropic system the relevant parameters are (a) the incident energy, (b) the thermal energy, (c) the deviation from linearity (``curvature energy'') of thermal spin waves, and (d) the curvature energy of the incident spin wave. In the anisotropic case the damping of the k=0 mode has the same dependence on spin-wave energy as in the isotropic system. In all cases, the decay rate is small compared to the frequency, which implies that the spin waves are appropriate elementary excitations for small k and T, and that they interact weakly among themselves in this limit. For k→0 with T fixed, the decay rate is proportional to k2 in the isotropic system. This agrees with an earlier hydrodynamic prediction and contradicts previous microscopic calculations. In this low-k limit the full spin-spin correlation function is calculated, and it agrees with the hydrodynamic form proposed earlier. The possibility of experimental verification of these predictions is briefly discussed.
Bayesian item fit analysis for unidimensional item response theory models (2006)

Assessing item fit for unidimensional item response theory models for dichotomous items has always been an issue of enormous interest, but there exists no unanimously agreed item fit diagnostic for these models, and hence there is room for further investigation of the area. This paper employs the posterior predictive model-checking method, a popular Bayesian model-checking tool, to examine item fit for the above-mentioned models. An item fit plot, comparing the observed and predicted proportion-correct scores of examinees with different raw scores, is suggested. This paper also suggests how to obtain posterior predictive p-values (which are natural Bayesian p-values) for the item fit statistics of Orlando and Thissen that summarize numerically the information in the above-mentioned item fit plots. A number of simulation studies and a real data application demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested item fit diagnostics. The suggested techniques seem to have adequate power and reasonable Type I error rate, and psychometricians will find them promising.
Management of acute diarrhea in children (1993)

RICHARDS, LEILA MD, MPH; CLAESON, MARIAM MD, MPH; PIERCE, NATHANIEL F. MD Author Information
The mechanism of radiative recombination in light-emitting devices composed on InGaN quantum wells (1998)

By means of time-resolved emission spectroscopy, the emission dynamics of InGaN quantum well light-emitting devices is evaluated. The localization, radiation, and nonradiating recombination processes of the exciton are evaluated. It is found that there exist random potential fluctuations in the quantum well in samples with less than about 10% In in the InGaN activation layer. By means of these fluctuations, localization of the excitons can be attained. It is also found that the degree of localization increases as the In composition is increased, and that quantum dot-like regions are naturally formed in samples with an In content of more than about 20%. It is found that the capture of excitons by nonradiating recombination centers is suppressed and that a high-emission quantum efficiency is realized by such a pronounced localization. © 1998 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 81(7): 45–56, 1998
Assessing functional annotation transfers with inter-species conserved coexpression: application to Plasmodium falciparum (2010)

Our approach uses both sequence similarity and gene expression data to help inter-species gene annotation transfers. Experiments show that this strategy improves the accuracy achieved when using solely sequence similarity and outperforms the accuracy of the GBA approach. In addition, our experiments with P. falciparum show that it can infer a function for numerous hypothetical genes.
Accelerated Weathering Test of Kenaf Fiber Unsaturated Polyester Sheet Molding Compounds (2013)

Natural fiber is an excellent renewable resource for making composite materials that are more lightweight than those made with fiberglass.However, the major issue for composites made with natural fibers as reinforcement is their hydrophilic nature.In this study, laminated composites were prepared using nanoparticle-impregnated kenaf fibers and a modified polyester resin containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes.These were compared with composites made from retted fibers, fiberglass, and unmodified polyester resin.After being subjected to accelerated weathering in a weatherometer, modified composites exhibited significantly less water sorption and minimal decrease in flexural modulus compared with unmodified composites.
Enteric dysmotility/acquired chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction (ED/CIPO): relationship between symptoms, small intestinal manometric abnormalities and neurohistopathological findings (2011)

Introduction Enteric dysmotility is an important clinical subgroup of the gastrointestinal neuromuscular disorders.1 Of a personal series of 130 patients recorded on our data base 89 have undergone both 24 h ambulatory studies of small intestinal motility and laparoscopic full thickness jejuna biopsies. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between the manometric and neurohistopathological findings. Methods Prospective qualitative analysis of small intestinal motility tracings and neurohistopathological analysis of the full thickness biopsies were performed as previously described.2 Patient symptoms were prospectively assessed using a modified Rome II questionnaire (n=52). Results All the small intestinal motility studies were abnormal. Of the commonest symptoms, severe abdominal pain (93.2% patients) was significantly related to the presence of simultaneous non-propagated contractions (p&lt; 0.04) and nausea (88%) to lack of fed pattern (p &lt; 0.02). Abdominal fullness (86.3%) was significantly related to abnormalities of 7 parameters of phasic activity of the interdigestive migrating motor complex (MMC) (p&lt; 0.04 or less) including abnormalities of the phase III MMC (p&lt; 0.04), abdominal distension (84%) was related to abnormalities of 9 parameters (p&lt; 0.05 or less). Early satiety (82.7%) was the only common symptoms that was not related to any of the motility abnormalities. Straining of stool (82.7%) and passage of hard lumpy stools (82.7%) were related to the presence of retrograde phase III MMC's (p&lt; 0.02, p&lt;0.03). Although 94 of 106 (88.6%) full thickness jejuna biopsies were abnormal, nocturnal abdominal pain was the only symptom related to the neurohistopathological diagnosis (reduced numbers of ganglion cells in myenteric plexus (p&lt;0.02). Conclusion Our findings suggest that common symptoms in patients with ED/CIPO are caused by the abnormal motor activity of the small intestine. Symptoms however are poor predictors of the final neurohistopathological diagnosis with the exception that nocturnal abdominal pain is suggestive of an underlying enteric neuropathy.
Separation and recovery of organic acids from fermented kitchen waste by an integrated process (2009)

&nbsp; Organic acids produced from anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste were recovered using a new integrated method which consisted of freezing and thawing, centrifugation, filtration and evaporation. The main organic acid produced was lactic acid (98%). After the freezing and thawing process, 73% of the total suspended solids were removed and the organic acids were elevated from 59.0 to 70 g/L. The evaporation technique was used to further concentrate the organic acids up to 224 g/L. Using the integrated recovery method, the reduction of the total suspended solids in the solution achieved was about 93%. The material balance for the recovery process was also presented. &nbsp; Key words:&nbsp;Anaerobic digestion, kitchen waste, organic acids, recovery.
The Unfolded Protein Response‐mediated Upregulation of BiP and CHOP Is not Affected by Presenilin Expression (2001)

Alzheimer's disease is associated with several risk factors, including age, genetic factors and environmental factors. In the last decade, much progress has been made in our understanding of the genetic factors responsible for the predisposition of individuals to early- and late-onset Alzheimer's disease. However, the pathogenic mechanisms involved in sporadic Alzheimer's disease are still largely unclear. It is known that the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, involves protein misfolding and aggregation. In this study, we examined whether presenilin and familial Alzheimer's disease-linked presenilin variants play a role in the cellular response to the accumulation of misfolded proteins.
Biogenic volatile organic compound analyses by PTR-TOF-MS： Calibration, humidity effect and reduced electric field dependency (2015)

Green leaf volatiles(GLVs) emitted by plants after stress or damage induction are a major part of biogenic volatile organic compounds(BVOCs). Proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry(PTR-TOF-MS) is a high-resolution and sensitive technique for in situ GLV analyses, while its performance is dramatically influenced by humidity, electric field,etc. In this study the influence of gas humidity and the effect of reduced field(E/N) were examined in addition to measuring calibration curves for the GLVs. Calibration curves measured for seven of the GLVs in dry air were linear, with sensitivities ranging from 5 to10 ncps/ppbv(normalized counts per second/parts per billion by volume). The sensitivities for most GLV analyses were found to increase by between 20% and 35% when the humidity of the sample gas was raised from 0% to 70% relative humidity(RH) at 21°C, with the exception of(E)-2-hexenol. Product ion branching ratios were also affected by humidity,with the relative abundance of the protonated molecular ions and higher mass fragment ions increasing with humidity. The effect of reduced field(E/N) on the fragmentation of GLVs was examined in the drift tube of the PTR-TOF-MS. The structurally similar GLVs are acutely susceptible to fragmentation following ionization and the fragmentation patterns are highly dependent on E/N. Overall the measured fragmentation patterns contain sufficient information to permit at least partial separation and identification of the isomeric GLVs by looking at differences in their fragmentation patterns at high and low E/N.
Hosting services-linking the information warehouse to the information consumer (2002)

The warehouse and highway analogies of the information infrastructure address the storage and transport of information. To create information services for end-users, the infrastructure needs to address also the "retail" functions of ubiquitous availability, customer support, billing, advertising, and packaging the information in an easy-to-use form, accessible to the information consumers. This paper describes the concepts and functions of hosting services, designed to address these "retail" functions and fill the gaps between the raw information "mine", the information warehouse, and the information consumer.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Characterization of Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Epitopes of a Self-Protein, p53, and a Non-Self-Protein, Influenza Matrix (1993)

We previously described a motif prediction of major histocompatibility complex allele-specific peptides and an in vitro assay for actual measurement of peptide binding to human leukocyte antigen HLA-A2.1 molecules. Using this method we have identified candidate cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes derived from a non-self-protein (influenza matrix) and self-protein (p53). We now show that results of binding assays performed over a range of peptide concentrations indicate that distinct differences in HLA-A2.1 peptide binding affinities exist between the influenza matrix and p53 protein. The results for the influenza matrix protein indicate that the peptide that shows the highest binding affinity to HLA-A2.1 is identical to the known immunodominant peptide recognized by influenza virus-specific CTLs. The results for p53 indicate that one of the peptides with a low binding affinity is capable of inducing specific CTL responses, but CTLs recognizing the highest affinity binding peptides were not obtained. These findings are discussed in terms of the distinct implications for induction of cellular immune responses directed against peptides with different binding affinities for HLA-A2.1 of proteins that constitute attractive targets for tumor immunotherapy.
Elevated Platelet Antibodies in Septicemic Thrombocytopenia (1979)

Thrombocytopenia often complicates bacterial septicemia in the absence of evidence of DIC. Evidence is provided that thrombocytopenia in these patients is caused by adsorption of IgG to platelets (immune thrombocytopenia) which occurs either as a consequence of bacterial injury or adsorption of immune complexes consisting of bacteria or bacterial products and their specific antibodies. Platelet associated IgG (PAIgG) (assayed by inhibition of lysis) was determined in 44 patients with bacterial septicemia. PAIgG was elevated in 8 of 11 thrombocytopenic patients with gram negative septicemia (mean 47 tg IgG/platelet, p&lt;0.0001), 8 of 10 thrombocytopenic gram positive septicemic patients (mean 55 fg IgG/platelet, p&lt;0.0001) and in one of the 31 septicemic patients with normal platelet count (mean 5 fg IgG/platelet). In vitro studies of serum and platelets obtained after 2 patients had recovered demonstrated that PAIgG was elevated to 100 fg IgG/ platelet when their respective bacteria were incubated first with their serum and then with their platelets. In contrast, when bacteria were added to the platelets before Incubation with serum, there was only a slight elevation in PAIgG. Results indicate that PAIgG is frequently elevated In septicemic patients with thrombocytopenia and that in some of these patients the thrombocytopenia is caused by adsorption of immune complexes to the platelets.
Determination of electrolyte friction from measurements of the tracer diffusion coefficients, mutual diffusion coefficients, and electrophoretic mobilities of charged spheres (1984)

The technique of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching has been used to measure the tracer diffusion coefficient of fluorescein-labeled charged polystyrene spheres in dilute solutions as a function of solution ionic strength. As the ratio of the particle radius (a) to the Debye–Hückel screening length (κ−1) was varied from 13 to 0.6, a 20% reduction in tracer diffusion coefficient was observed. The mutual diffusion coefficient, measured by quasielastic light scattering, increased as κa was reduced, demonstrating the dominant effect of thermodynamic factors on this parameter. The tracer data have been compared with theoretical predictions of other workers describing the influence of small-ion interactions with a charge sphere on its translational friction. The theoretical results of Schurr, and Booth, involve an explicit dependence on the electrokinetic charge of the sphere and yield estimates of this parameter (by least squares) which are significantly smaller than those obtained from laser Doppler electrophoretic light scattering results for the electrophoretic mobility of the labeled spheres. Approximations in the theoretical analyses are expected to account for these discrepancies.
Hairy wormlike micelles: an experimental model to adress the role of polydispersity and connections in the viscoelastic properties of polymer solutions (2003)

International audience
A simple subcircuit extension of the BSIM3v3 model for CMOS RF design (2000)

An accurate and simple lumped-element extension of the BSIM3v3 MOSFET model for small-signal radio-frequency circuit simulation is proposed and investigated. Detailed comparisons of the small-signal y and s parameters with both two-dimensional device simulations and measurement data are presented. A procedure is developed to extract the values of two lumped resistors-the only added elements. The non-quasi-static and substrate effects can be modeled with these two resistors to significantly improve the model accuracy up to a frequency of 10 GHz, which is about 70% of the f/sub T/ of the 0.5 /spl mu/m NMOS transistor.
The modified nucleoside 2-methylthio-N6-isopentenyladenosine in tRNA of Shigella flexneri is required for expression of virulence genes (1997)

The virulence of the human pathogen Shigella flexneri is dependent on both chromosome- and large-virulence-plasmid-encoded genes. A kanamycin resistance cassette mutation in the miaA gene (miaA::Km Sma), which encodes the tRNA N6-isopentyladenosine (i6A37) synthetase and is involved in the first step of the synthesis of the modified nucleoside 2-methylthio-N6-isopentenyladenosine (ms2i6A), was transferred to the chromosome of S. flexneri 2a by phage P1 transduction. In the wild-type bacterium, ms2i6A37 is present in position 37 (next to and 3' of the anticodon) in a subset of tRNA species-reading codons starting with U (except tRNA(Ser) species SerI and SerV). The miaA::Km Sma mutant of S. flexneri accordingly lacked ms2i6A37 in its tRNA. In addition, the mutant strains showed reduced expression of the virulence-related genes ipaB, ipaC, ipaD, virG, and virF, accounting for sixfold-reduced contact hemolytic activity and a delayed response in the focus plaque assay. A cloned sequence resulting from PCR amplification of the wild-type Shigella chromosome and exhibiting 99% homology with the nucleotide sequence of the Escherichia coli miaA gene complemented the virulence-associated phenotypes as well as the level of the modified nucleoside ms2i6A in the tRNA of the miaA mutants. In the miaA mutant, the level of the virulence-associated protein VirF was reduced 10-fold compared with the wild type. However, the levels of virF mRNA were identical in the mutant and in the wild type. These findings suggest that a posttranscriptional mechanism influenced by the presence of the modified nucleoside ms2i6A in the tRNA is involved in the expression of the virF gene. The role of the miaA gene in the virulence of other Shigella species and in enteroinvasive E. coli was further generalized.
A Modification of the Diphenylamine Method for Determination of Inulin (1942)

Colorimetric methods for the determination of inulin in blood serum or plasma and urine based on the reaction of inulin with diphenylamine have been described in recent years. The most widely used procedure is that of Alving, Rubin and Miller, in which the inulin-containing solutions are heated in closed tubes with diphenylamine and hydrochloric acid dissolved in ethyl alcohol. Tightly capped tubes are necessary because of the volatile solvent, and because the solution must be heated for 60 minutes at 100°C to obtain the maximum color. In this laboratory as well as in others, this method has been troublesome and the results not consistently accurate.For this reason a modification has been devised in which a less volatile solvent is used, thus permitting the use of open tubes. With this reagent a shorter period of heating is necessary for maximum color development and accurate results have been obtained in the determination of inulin in blood serum or heparinized plasma in concentrations as low as 4 mg per 100 cc. The determination can be carried out on 0.2 cc.Method. Reagent. Three grams of diphenylamine, reagent grade, are dissolved in 100 cc of glacial acetic acid and to this solution are added 60 cc of concentrated hydrochloric acid.This reagent is stable if kept in an amber bottle in a refrigerator at 6°C, and the color production with inulin is found to remain constant for at least one month. A few crystals of diphenylamine may precipitate out of solution but this does not affect the reagent. If kept at room temperature the color in the blank determination becomes progressively darker, but if correction be made for the blank as is automatically done in a photoelectric colorimeter of the Evelyn type the calibration curve is not changed.
Ubl4A is required for insulin-induced Akt plasma membrane translocation through promotion of Arp2/3-dependent actin branching (2015)

The serine-threonine kinase Akt is a key regulator of cell proliferation and survival, glucose metabolism, cell mobility, and tumorigenesis. Activation of Akt by extracellular stimuli such as insulin centers on the interaction of Akt with PIP3 on the plasma membrane, where it is subsequently phosphorylated and activated by upstream protein kinases. However, it is not known how Akt is recruited to the plasma membrane upon stimulation. Here we report that ubiquitin-like protein 4A (Ubl4A) plays a crucial role in insulin-induced Akt plasma membrane translocation. Ubl4A knockout newborn mice have defective Akt-dependent glycogen synthesis and increased neonatal mortality. Loss of Ubl4A results in the impairment of insulin-induced Akt translocation to the plasma membrane and activation. Akt binds actin-filaments and colocalizes with actin-related protein 2 and 3 (Arp2/3) complex in the membrane ruffles and lamellipodia. Ubl4A directly interacts with Arp2/3 to accelerate actin branching and networking, allowing Akt to be in close proximity to the plasma membrane for activation upon insulin stimulation. Our finding reveals a new mechanism by which Akt is recruited to the plasma membrane for activation, thereby providing a missing link in Akt signaling.
The Stress Response in Skin (1993)

In this study we tested the hypothesis that neutrophil products are present in ischemic skin flaps and that they are abolished with preconditioning of the skin. Random back flaps were created on rats, and the sequential appearance of neutrophil products and tissue oxidants was measured in the skin flaps. These flaps had predictable skin necrosis (4.7 ± 0.8 cm) in the distal ends, while preconditioned flaps had no skin necrosis. Neutrophil products were assayed by both histomorphometrics and myeloperoxidase assays. Lipid peroxidation products were measured to assess tissue oxident production. These data demonstrate that there is an increase in myeloperoxidase activity in skin flaps that is statistically significantly greater in the distal ends of the flaps at 24 hours (p < 0.05). The lipid peroxidation products were statistically significantly elevated at 48 hours in the distal ends (p < 0.05). Preconditioning the skin as a bipedicled skin flap for 7 days and then dividing the distal attachment abolished neutrophil products and tissue oxidant activity in the skin flaps (p < 0.05). These data suggest that neutrophil products and oxidant priduction are increased in ischemic skin and that preconditioning of the flap markedly attenuates this response.
Area optimized architecture and VLSI implementation of a multi-coder processor for the WTLS (2006)

The rapidly growth of the transmitted data amount, over wireless networks, has triggered special needs for compression, in an attempt for real-time communications. Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS) is the security layer for both Wireless Application Protocol and Open Mobile Alliance. In spite of the fact that a great number of ciphers have been specified in WTLS, the compression unit is optional Compression in wireless portable devices is a sensitive issue due to the restricted resources environment. The composite compression encoders allocate area that system can not support. In this paper, an area-optimized multi-coder processor is proposed for the WTLS. The proposed system consists of three units and serves three different types of compression: speech (ADPCM), text (Huffman) and image (RLE). The proposed processor minimizes the area resources compared with other published works and has competitive performance.