gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gene Signature of Proliferating Human Pancreatic α Cells (2018)

Pancreatic α cells proliferate at a low rate, and little is known about the control of this process. Here we report the characterization of human α cells by large-scale, single-cell RNA sequencing coupled with pseudotime ordering. We identified two large subpopulations and a smaller cluster of proliferating α cells with increased expression of genes involved in cell-cycle regulation. The proliferating α cells were differentiated, had normal levels of GCG expression, and showed no signs of cellular stress. Proliferating α cells were detected in both the G1S and G2M phases of the cell cycle. Human α cells proliferate at a fivefold higher rate than human β cells and express lower levels of the cell-cycle inhibitors CDKN1A and CDKN1C. Collectively, this study provides the gene signatures of human α cells and the genes involved in their cell division. The lower expression of two cell-cycle inhibitors in human α cells could account for their higher rate of proliferation compared with their insulin-producing counterparts.
Effects of strain on the electronic structure ofVO2 (2010)

We present cluster-dynamic mean field theory (DMFT) (continuous time quantum Monte Carlo method) calculations based on a downfolded tight-binding model in order to study the electronic structure of vanadium dioxide $({\text{VO}}_{2})$ both in the low-temperature $({M}_{1})$ and high-temperature (rutile) phases. Motivated by the recent efforts directed toward tuning the physical properties of ${\text{VO}}_{2}$ by depositing films on different supporting surfaces of different orientations, we performed calculations for different geometries for both phases. In order to investigate the effects of the different growing geometries we applied both contraction and expansion for the lattice parameter along the rutile $c$ axis in the three-dimensional translationally invariant systems miming the real situation. Our main focus is to identify the mechanisms governing the formation of the gap characterizing the ${M}_{1}$ phase and its dependence on strain. We found that the increase of the bandwidth with compression along the axis corresponding to the rutile $c$ axis is more important than the Peierls bonding-antibonding splitting.
Trouble bipolaire et feed-back : étude en psychologie expérimentale et en IRMf (2005)

Ce texte est un rapport de fin de recherche issu de l'ACI cognitique.
<title>Light-emitting devices based on sequentially adsorbed layers of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)</title> (1997)

We have recently reported on the fabrication of organic light emitting devices based on sequentially adsorption layers of a polycationic poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) precursor and poly(methacrylic acid) (PMA). Here we have fabricated devices with PPV precursor and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) in an effort to further improve device performance by controlling the nature of the polyanion with which the PPV precursor is assembled. We have seen dramatic differences in device performance by systematically varying the bilayer composition and the total film thickness by controlling the solution parameters and the total number of bilayers deposited. In addition, the conversion temperature has also been shown to strongly influence device characteristics. The current, best performing device has been for a system in which the bilayer thickness is around 60 angstrom, approximately half of which is due to the PPV. From this system we have been able to achieve luminance levels greater than 1000 cd/m<SUP>2</SUP> using an aluminum cathode and an ITO anode. Such high brightness levels from a PPV single slab device with an aluminum top electrode are quite unusual.
A network-adaptive SVC Streaming Architecture (2007)

For video streaming, we must consider terminal and network characteristics. The scalable video coding (SVC) can represent video bitstreams in different scalable layers for flexible adaptation to terminal and network characteristics. The SVC can allow for extraction of appropriate partial bitstreams to meet specific target bitrates and spatial resolutions from an SVC bitstream with several spatial, temporal and quality scalability layers. Moreover, the extraction process is fast, so it is possible to extract the partial video streams online to cope with the delivery networks with changing characteristics such as bandwidth etc. With all the advantages of SVC, we design and implement a network-adaptive SVC streaming system to extract partial SVC bitstreams to meet the required target bitrates and spatial resolutions. We present the implementation of our SVC streaming system with experimental results.
Internet Multicast Video Delivery (2004)

Internet video delivery has been motivating research in multicast routing, quality of service (QoS), and the service model of the Internet itself for the last 15 years. Multicast delivery has the potential to deliver a large amount of content that currently cannot be delivered through broadcast. IP and overlay multicast are two architectures proposed to provide multicast support. A large body of research has been done with IP multicast and QoS mechanisms for IP multicast since the late 1980s. In the past five years, overlay multicast research has gained momentum with a vision to accomplish ubiquitous multicast delivery that is efficient and scales in the dimensions of the number of groups, number of receivers, and number of senders. This work presents an overview of the issues facing both IP and overlay multicast and the approaches that researchers are taking to solve them. Many of these approaches take advantage of a rich interface, beyond a single rate video stream, between the coding and delivery mechanisms. The semantics of this interface is an important question for future research and we discuss this with insight from experience on delivery technologies.
Evolutionary Genomics and Proteomics (2008)

Since the first publication of the sequence of an entire genome of a living organism—Haemophilus influenzae—in 1995, sequences of almost 1,000 genomes have been reported or are presently being assembled. The majority are bacterial, with the number of archaeal and eukaryotic organisms being close to 100 each. And this is even before the full arrival of the era of ultrafast and, hopefully, ultracheap sequencing technologies that are expected to yield thousands of genomes per year, if not per month. While a large effort will to be devoted to the sequencing of representatives from novel species, most of the work will be directed to obtaining genomes from many organisms of the same species. Why do we need so many genomes? The answer lays primarily in the hope that a comparative genomics approach will contribute to the understanding of the molecular basis of differences, on one hand, between humans in susceptibility to different infections and somatic disorders and, on the other hand, between microorganisms in their abilities to cause human infections. Benefits to agriculture as well as breeding our beloved pets will also be enormous. Indeed, we will finally get an answer to the most important question of all—why do Labrador Retrievers love to swim?
Calix[6]arene‐Based Cascade Complexes of Organic Ion Triplets Stable in a Protic Solvent (2010)

Herein we report a D(3h)-symmetric tail-to-tail bis-calix[6]arene 3 featuring two divergent cavities triply connected by ureido linkages. This calix[6]tube was synthesized by a domino Staudinger/aza-Wittig reaction followed by a macrocyclization reaction. This process also afforded a C(2h)-symmetric isomer that represents a rare example of a self-threaded rotaxane based on calix[6]arene subunits. The binding properties of 3 have been evaluated by NMR studies. Thus, bis-calix[6]arene 3 is able to bind simultaneously two neutral ureido guests through an induced-fit process. The guests are located in the cavities and are recognized through multiple hydrogen-bonding interactions with the ureido bridges. Host 3 can also simultaneously bind multiple ions and is especially efficient for the complexation of organic ion triplets. The anion is recognized through hydrogen-bonding interactions at the ureido binding site and is thus located between the two ammonium ions accommodated in the cavities. The resulting [1+1+2] quaternary complexes represent rare examples of cascade complexes with organic cations. These complexes are unique: 1) They are stable even in a markedly protic solvent, 2) the recognition of the ion triplets proceeds in a cooperative way through an induced-fit process and with a high selectivity, linear cations and doubly charged anions being particularly well recognized, 3) the ions are bound as contact ion triplets thanks to the closeness of the three binding sites, 4) the cationic guests can be exchanged and thus mixed [1+1+1+1] complexes can be obtained, 5) the ureido linkers wrapped around the anion adopt a helical shape and the resulting chirality is sensed by the cations. In other words, bis-calix[6]arene 3 presents a selective inner tunnel in which multiple guests such as organic ion triplets can be aligned in a cooperative way through induced-fit processes.
Size effects on thermoelectric behavior of ultrathin NaxCoO2 films (2014)

Size effects in thermoelectric NaxCoO2 thin films are studied, focusing on the electrical resisitivity and Seebeck coefficient. For very thin films below 10 nm, we have observed an increase in resistivity, which is in agreement with theoretical models. In contrast to a predicted simultaneous suppression of the Seebeck coefficient for ultrathin films, we observe a constant Seebeck coefficient as a function of layer thickness due to changes in the structural properties as well as the presence of strong electron correlations. This preserved high Seebeck coefficient opens up new directions for NaxCoO2 ultrathin films as basic building blocks in thermoelectric superlattices with enhanced phonon scattering.
The investigation of the diamond coated cutting insert by microwave plasma assisted CVD process. (1987)

The diamond layer was deposited on the cemented carbides cutting inserts by microwave plasma assisted CVD process. The microwave plasma assisted CVD equipment had precise substrate position control system and substrate cooling system. So uniform plasma was generated on the three dimensional substrate such as cutting inserts and the surface temperature of the substrate was controlled independently from the microwave input power.The diamond coated insert at relatively high pressure and microwave input power showed good cutting performance for high speed Al-Si alloy cutting.
Prices, Engel Curves, and Time-Space Deflation: Impacts on Poverty and Inequality in Vietnam (2017)

Many developing countries lack spatially disaggregated price data. Some analysts use “no-price” methods by using a food Engel curve to derive the deflator as that needed for nominally similar households to have equal food shares in all regions and time periods. This method cannot be tested in countries where it is used as a spatial deflator since they lack suitable price data. In this paper, data from Vietnam are used to test this method against benchmarks provided by multilateral price indexes calculated from repeated spatial price surveys. Deflators from a food Engel curve appear to be a poor proxy for deflators obtained from multilateral price indexes. To the extent that such price indexes reliably compare real living standards over time and space, these results suggest that estimates of the level, location, and change in poverty and inequality would be distorted if the Engel method deflator was used in their stead.
Combined trabeculotomy and cataract extraction as a single operation. (1976)

A technique for combined trabeculotomy and cataract extraction is described. The application of the combined procedure in 17 eyes with chronic glaucoma and immature senile cataract is described. The results were uniformly good, and only one patient required further treatment for glaucoma.
White ash trees (Fraxinus americana) originally from colder, drier areas are more susceptible to emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) (2021)

Trees are dying prematurely across the globe at alarming rates, often due to drought and/or insects. Insect attacks can range in severity with some tree species surviving (e.g., the American beech and beech bark disease) and some species becoming essentially extinct (e.g., the American chestnut and the chestnut blight). Tree responses may also vary because of genetic differences among “families” of trees (i.e., intraspecific variation). It is thus hard to predict how tree species will respond to insect attacks. To this avail, we examined tree canopy dieback (leaf loss), drought stress, wound healing, and chemical defense responses of 44 families of white ash (Fraxinus americana) from across the species range to a recent emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) outbreak in an arid common garden in Kansas. At our site, white ash families originally from drier, colder areas (northern USA) exhibited more canopy dieback than families from wetter, warmer regions (southern USA). We also found that tree families that were sensitive to drought and/or slower to heal bark wounds were more likely to show canopy dieback. Overall, we are the first to demonstrate significant intraspecific variation in white ash canopy dieback due to emerald ash borer and connect it to temperature and precipitation conditions of original seed sources. If this canopy dieback pattern holds for mortality, southern white ash may be suitable for reintroduction to the American north, where 99% of white ash has already died.
Properties of Anatase Films for Photocatalyst from Peroxotitanic Acid Solution and Peroxo-Modified Anatase Sol (1996)

Anatase films for a photocatalyst have been prepared on substrates by a dip-coating technique using peroxotitanic acid (PTA) solution and peroxo-modified anatase (PA) sol. The as-dried film prepared from PA sol had already crystallized to anatase phase, while the film prepared from PTA solution crystallized above 300°C. Adhesion strength of the films at 300°C was over 60MPa, and their relative density was over 80%. Photocatalytic efficiency of the film prepared from PA sol for the degradation of acetic acid was higher than that of the film prepared from PTA solution. The films obtained above 300°C from PA sol exhibited the highest catalytic activity. However, the film less than 0.70μm thick resulted in decrease of photocatalysis.
Disciple-RKF/COG: agent teaching by subject matter experts (2002)

We are addressing the knowledge acquisition bottleneck in the development of knowledge-based systems by elaborating the Disciple theory and methodology that enables subject matter experts to build such systems by themselves, with limited assistance from knowledge engineers (Tecuci 1998). The investigated solution consists of developing a very capable learning agent shell that can perform many of the functions of a knowledge engineer. As an expert system shell, the learning agent shell includes a general problem solving engine that can be reused for multiple applications. In addition, it includes a multistrategy learning engine for building its knowledge base (KB) which has two main components: an object ontology that defines the concepts from a specific application domain, and a set of task reduction rules expressed with these concepts. The subject matter expert and the agent engage into a mixed-initiative reasoning process during which the expert is teaching the agent his problem solving expertise, and the agent learns from the expert, building, verifying, and improving its KB. Over the years we have developed a series of increasingly more capable learning agent shells from the Disciple family. The most recent family member, DiscipleRKF/COG, represents a significant advancement over its predecessors. It implements a more powerful plausible version space representation that allows all the types of knowledge from the KB (not only the rules, but also the objects and the tasks) to be learned with similar methods. Moreover, the partially learned knowledge pieces are represented at several levels of formalization, from natural language to formal logic, facilitating expert-agent communication, mixed-initiative problem solving, and learning. As a consequence, Disciple-RKF/COG incorporates new tools that allow a subject matter expert to perform additional knowledge engineering tasks, such as scenario specification, modeling of his problem solving process, and task formalization. Disciple-RKF/COG was used and evaluated in several courses at the US Army War College, with very promising results, being made part of their regular syllabi.
Density, Viscosity, Speed of Sound, Bulk Modulus, Surface Tension, and Flash Point of Binary Mixtures of Butylbenzene + Linear Alkanes (n-Decane, n-Dodecane, n-Tetradecane, n-Hexadecane, or n-Heptadecane) at 0.1 MPa (2016)

This work reports physical property measurements of binary mixtures of butylbenzene with n-decane, n-dodecane, n-tetradecane, n-hexadecane, or n-heptadecane. Densities and viscosities were measured at temperatures from (293.15 to 373.15) K, and speeds of sound were measured at temperatures from (293.15 to 333.15) K, except for those of n-heptadecane, which were measured starting at 303.15 K. Densities increased with increasing mole fraction of butylbenzene. Excess molar volumes were positive and increased with increasing alkane chain length, except for those of heptadecane which were similar to those of n-hexadecane. Analysis of excess molar volumes using the Prigogine–Flory–Patterson model showed that the interaction term contributed more to excess molar volume than the free volume or P* term. As the mole fraction of butylbenzene increased, speeds of sound increased for n-decane and n-dodecane mixtures but decreased for other alkane mixtures to values below those of both pure components before increasing again. Viscosities decreased as the mole fraction of butylbenzene increased except for those of some n-decane mixtures, which were below those of butylbenzene and n-decane. Viscosity mole fraction data were fit using the three-body McAllister model. Bulk moduli and surface tension increased with increasing mole fraction of butylbenzene, and flash points fell between those of the individual components. These mixtures can be used as surrogates for petroleum-based fuels.
The Case for Reactive Mass Oral Cholera Vaccinations (2011)

We show that reactive vaccine use can prevent cholera cases and is a rational response to cholera outbreaks in endemic and non-endemic settings. In large and long outbreaks a reactive vaccination with a two-dose vaccine can prevent a substantial proportion of cases. To make mass vaccination campaigns successful, it would be essential to agree when to implement reactive vaccination campaigns and to have a dynamic and determined response team that is familiar with the logistic challenges on standby. Most importantly, the decision makers in donor and recipient countries have to be convinced of the benefit of reactive cholera vaccinations.
Proteomic Analysis of Low-Grade, Early-Stage Endometrial Carcinoma Reveals New Dysregulated Pathways Associated with Cell Death and Cell Signaling (2021)

Low-grade, early-stage endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most frequent malignant tumor of the uterine corpus. However, the molecular alterations that underlie these tumors are far from being fully understood. The purpose of this study is to describe dysregulated molecular pathways from EC patients. Sixteen samples of tumor tissue and paired healthy controls were collected and both were subjected to mass spectrometry (MS)/MS proteomic analysis. Gene ontology and pathway analysis was performed to discover dysregulated pathways and/or proteins using different databases and bioinformatic tools. Dysregulated pathways were cross-validated in an independent external cohort. Cell signaling, immune response, and cell death-associated pathways were robustly identified. The SLIT/ROBO signaling pathway demonstrated dysregulation at the proteomic and transcriptomic level. Necroptosis and ferroptosis were cell death-associated processes aberrantly regulated, in addition to apoptosis. Immune response-associated pathways showed a dominance of innate immune responses. Tumor immune infiltrates measured by immunofluorescence demonstrated diverse lymphoid and myeloid populations. Our results suggest a role of SLIT/ROBO, necroptosis, and ferroptosis, as well as a prominent role of innate immune response in low-grade, early-stage EC. These results could guide future research in this group of tumors.
Economic Feasibility Study for Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells Fed with Biogas (2010)

Molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) power plants are one of most attractive electricity generation systems for the use of biogas to generate high-efficiency ultra-clean power. However, MCFCs are considerably more expensive than comparable conventional electricity generation systems. The commercialization of MCFCs has been delayed more than expected. After being effective in the Kyoto protocol and considerably increasing the fossil price, the attention focused on CO2 regression and renewable energy sources has increased dramatically. In particular, the commercialization and application of MCFC systems fed with biogas have been revived because of the characteristics of CO2 collection and fuel variety of MCFCs. Better economic results of MCFC systems fed with biogas are expected because biogas is a relatively inexpensive fuel compared to liquefied natural gas (LNG). However, the pretreatment cost is added when using anaerobic digester gas (ADG), one of the biogases, as a fuel of MCFC systems because it contains high H2S and other contaminants, which are harmful sources to the MCFC stack in ADG. Thus, an accurate economic analysis and comparison between MCFCs fed with biogas and LNG are very necessary before the installation of an MCFC system fed with biogas in a plant. In this paper, the economic analysis of an MCFC fed with ADG was carried out for various conditions of electricity and fuel price and compared with the case of an MCFC fed with LNG.
Recursive Query Processing in SBQL (2004)

Abstract. Recursive queries are required for many database applications. Among them we can mention Bill-Of-Material (BOM), various kinds of networks (transportation, telecommunication, etc.), workflows, processing semi-structured data (XML, RDF), and others. The support for recursive queries in current query languages is limited. In particular, this concerns the corresponding extensions of SQL in Oracle and DB2. In this paper we present recursive query processing capabilities for the object-oriented Stack-Based Query Language (SBQL). SBQL offers very powerful and flexible recursive querying capabilities due to the fact that recursive processing operators are fully orthogonal to other capabilities of this language. Recursive queries formulated in SBQL turned out to be much simpler in comparison to equivalent queries which could be formulated in other languages. This paper discusses SBQL constructs, such as transitive closures, fixed point equations and recursive procedures/views. Their main advantage is that they are seamlessly integrated with object-oriented facilities, computer environment and databases. We also consider a semi-strong typing system for the abovementioned recursive facilities. 1.
Atherosclerotic plaque characterization by CT angiography for identification of high-risk coronary artery lesions: a comparison to optical coherence tomography (2014)

Plaques demonstrating PR and LAP by CTA are associated with TCFA with macrophage infiltration by OCT.