gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Some Application of Digital Techniques in TV Receivers (1972)

Until comparatively recently the concept of using digital methods in consumer equipment was dismissed as impractical, unnecessary and prohibitively expensive. New developments in semiconductor technology, transmission systems and FCC regulations have brought about a situation where digital techniques are now not only economically and technically feasible but also necessary. Some of the factors involved include the availability of complex MOS LSI (Large Scale Integration) devices, the National Bureau of Standards time code transmission system and the UHF tuning parity regulations. This paper will endeavor to discuss these factors and how they may affect future TV receiver design.
Effects of arsenic, a toxic oil shale constituent, on cell proliferation and histone phosphorylation. [Cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells] (1979)

Because of the casual association between arsenic and cancer in man, studies were initiated to determine if subtoxic levels of arsenic have effects on cell proliferation and chromatin constituents. Cultured CHO cells were treated with both As(III) and As(V), as sodium arsenite (NaAsO/sub 2/) and sodium arsenate (Na/sub 2/HAsO/sub 4/), respectively, to assess their biological impact. Quantitatively, arsenite was ten times more toxic than arsenate, with 5 x 10/sup -5/ M arsenite causing irreversible inhibition of culture growth. At subtoxic concentrations, 10/sup -5/ M NaAsO/sub 2/ induced culture growth kinetics that caused a cell division delay period followed by a spontaneous recovery of cell division. During this division delay, histone Hl phosphorylation was reduced to 40% of control. It then recovered to control levels just before recovery of cell division. Histone H2A phosphorylation was stimulated in the middle of the division delay period, followed by a stimulation of H3 phosphorylation just before recovery of cell division. The DNA synthesis rate was also reduced during division delay, but it did not recover before resumption of cell division. The ATP pool levels were unaffected at these low arsenite concentrations. Flow microfluorometric analysis demonstrated that cell-cycle progression was inhibited throughout the entire cycle during the division delay period. Upon recovery of cell division, cells in S and G/sub 2/ regained the capacity to resume cycle traverse earlier than did cells in G/sub 1/. These results support the conclusions that interphase Hl phosphorylation is not tightly coupled to DNA synthesis, but is vitally involved in cell-cycle progression. The results indicate that sodium arsenite modulates those histone phosphorylations involved with cell proliferation.
Polynomial approach to nonlinear predictive GMV control (2007)

A simple approach is described for the design of nonlinear predictive controllers. The Nonlinear Predictive Generalized Minimum Variance (NPGMV) control algorithm is introduced for nonlinear discrete-time multivariable systems. The system is represented by a combination of a stable nonlinear subsystem where no structure is assumed and a linear subsystem that may be unstable and modelled in polynomial matrix form. The multi-step predictive control cost index to be minimised involves both weighted error and control signal costing terms. The solution for the control law is derived in the time-domain using a very nonlinear operator model of the process. The controller includes an internal nonlinear model of the process but because of the assumed structure of the system, that has a linear disturbance model, the polynomial equations for the predictor are linear.
Introduction (2010)

When Dwight D. Eisenhower entered the White House in 1953, there were 841 nuclear weapons in the American arsenal. When he left office eight years later, the number had grown twenty-two times larger. By January 1961, the United States fielded 18,686 atomic arms.1 While a considerable portion of this expansion is attributed to warheads carried by long-range bombers or missiles, about one-fifth of the 1961 total was allocated for defensive use over or near the United States to counter an attack by Soviet aircraft.2KeywordsNuclear WeaponCONT INENTALBallistic MissileMissile AttackNational Security CouncilThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Solubility and pervaporation properties of the filling-polymerized membrane prepared by plasma-graft polymerization for pervaporation of organic-liquid mixtures (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolubility and pervaporation properties of the filling-polymerized membrane prepared by plasma-graft polymerization for pervaporation of organic-liquid mixturesTakeo Yamaguchi, Shinichi Nakao, and Shoji KimuraCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1992, 31, 8, 1914–1919Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00008a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00008a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views355Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On the Origin of the Enhanced Creep Resistance in Underaged Al-Cu Based Alloys (2006)

It has recently been observed that the creep resistance of Al-Cu based precipitation hardened alloys may be enhanced through use of the underaged temper. We have treated this problem theoretically by considering the motion of a dislocation through a precipitation hardened structure and discuss the physical origin of the enhanced creep resistance in the underaged condition. The variation in expected creep resistance as a function of aging treatment is calculated and the possible generality of the experimental observations is considered.
An effective evolutionary strategy for bijective S-boxes (2005)

Being as unique nonlinear components of block ciphers, S-boxes control the security of the cryptographic algorithms. The design of S-boxes with genetic algorithms is a recent research focus. For the popular bijective S-boxes, an effective evolutionary strategy is given in this paper, including fitness function, breeding strategy and hill climbing algorithm. Under this strategy, an effective genetic algorithm for 8 /spl times/ 8 bijective S-boxes is provided and a large number of S-boxes with high nonlinearity and low difference uniformity can be obtained.
On Short Cuts - or - Fencing in Rectangular Strips (2010)

In this paper we consider an isoperimetric inequality for the "free perimeter" of a planar shape inside a rectangular domain, the free perimeter being the length of the shape boundary that does not touch the border of the domain.
Delay detection of frequency modulation signal from a spin-torque oscillator under a nanosecond-pulsed magnetic field (2012)

A read head composed of a spin-torque oscillator (STO) has been proposed for a hard disk drive (HDD). The STO read head senses the media field as modulation in its oscillation frequency, enabling high signal-transfer rate beyond the limit of ferromagnetic relaxation. Although frequency stability of STOs is poor because of their frequency nonlinearity, the problem of poor stability is expected to be overcome by employing delay detection. In this study, we demonstrate delay detection of the STO signals frequency-modulated by nanosecond-pulsed magnetic fields. For pulses with duration time of 1, 3, and 5 ns, we show that the phase shifts Δφ of the STO signals induced by the pulsed magnetic field are approximately proportional to the pulse area. Furthermore, output signals of delay detection are calculated using the single-shot waveforms, which show distinct pulsed forms corresponding to the respective pulsed magnetic fields.
Improved algorithms of maximum entropy method with application to the three-dimensional velocity distribution reconstruction of plasma from the electrostatic analyzer data. (1989)

The maximum entropy method for computerized tomography is studied on two improved algorithms saving the computation time, which are based on the differential equation approach and the Frieden-Ables constraint. It is shown by simulation and experiment that they are superior to a classical algorithm with respect to the reconstruction of the three-dimensional ion velocity distribution of plasma using the retarding-grid analyzer. Improved profiles of ion beam in velocity space are presented on a weakly ionized plasma.
Kyllinga pumila Michx. (2000)

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/herbarium_specimens_byname/11634/thumbnail.jpg
Microspheres of biodegradable polymers as a drug-delivery system in the vitreous. (1991)

Microspheres of biodegradable polymers were evaluated as a potential controlled-release drug-delivery system in the vitreous. The microspheres were prepared with polymers of poly(lactic acid) or copolymers of glycolic acid and lactic acid. The release of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) from the microspheres was studied in vitro. Poly(lactic acid) microspheres released 70-85% of total 5-FU over 7 days. Microspheres of polymers with a smaller molecular weight released the drug more rapidly. Copolymer microspheres released 98% of 5-FU over 2 days. The rate of drug release was controllable by changing the molecular weight of the polymers or using a matrix of copolymer. The intravitreal kinetics of the microspheres were studied in ten rabbits in vivo. A suspension of microspheres was injected into the vitreous cavity of five normal eyes and five vitrectomized eyes. By 48 +/- 5.2 days after injection, the microspheres disappeared from the vitreous cavity in the five normal eyes. Clearance from the vitreous cavity was accelerated in the five rabbits that underwent vitrectomy (14 +/- 2.4 days; P less than 0.001). No difference was found in the b waves of electroretinograms before and after injection of the microspheres. The histologic study showed no abnormal findings as a result of the injection. These results suggested that microspheres of biodegradable polymers may be a potential delivery system for the controlled release of drugs in the vitreous.
A wear analysis study of selected alternative foundry tooling materials using impact abrasion testing (1992)

The purpose of this study was to simulate the wear characteristics of foundry tooling using an impact abrasion test apparatus. The wear characteristic was exhibited by non-metallic materials and was measured as a function of percentage weight loss and was benchmarked against Class 30 gray iron. The research question focused on whether or not a non-metallic material exists that exhibits comparable or superior wear characteristics to Class 30 gray iron for possible consideration as tooling materials for foundry applications. The information obtained adds to knowledge and is useful to foundry professionals in making tooling decisions. The 34 test materials were procured from leading nonmetallic tooling manufacturers as well as from nontraditional sources. The test procedure used 2 samples of each material tested independently for 3 four hour cycles. The samples were cleaned and weighed and the abradant changed after each 4 hour cycle. The test apparatus was used in three previous studies to experiment on potential tooling materials. Upon analysis of the data, a wear factor equation was developed to better interpret the tool life as compared to Class 30 gray iron. The development of this wear factor can indicate to a foundry professional how long he/she can expect a tool to last as compared to cast iron. Of the non-metallic materials tested there was a wide range in percentage weight loss numbers exhibited. The best performer in terms of percentage weight loss was the Conathane TU-900 exhibiting a 0.3440% weight loss and a wear factor of 2.97. The worst performer was the Ultralloy 40 demonstrating a 9.5043 percentage weight loss with a corresponding wear factor of 81.93. It appears from the data generated in this study that there is no alternative non-metallic material that exhibits the wear resistance of Class 3 0 gray iron. However, comparing the results of other tests done previously, it is concluded that with new formulations it is only a matter of time before a non-metallic material will demonstrate the wear resistance of iron.
Ultrathin oxysulfide semiconductors from liquid metal: a wet chemical approach (2021)

Liquid metal chemistry offers a new pathway towards the creation of functional 2D metal oxysulfides.
A Novel Case of Penile Gangrene in a Patient Treated with Ibrutinib for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (2016)

<i>Introduction</i>. Ibrutinib is commonly used for the treatment of patients with CLL in either first-line or relapsed/refractory settings. <i>Case Presentation</i>. We present the case of a 74-year-old Caucasian man with CLL who presented with penile gangrene upon initiation of ibrutinib treatment. Our case is the first showing the complication of penile gangrene associated with ibrutinib use. The gangrene was self-limited upon discontinuing ibrutinib. <i>Conclusion</i>. Our finding describes a very rare yet important adverse event associated with ibrutinib use.
Bias in Differential Reflectivity due to Cross Coupling through the Radiation Patterns of Polarimetric Weather Radars (2010)

Abstract Examined is bias in differential reflectivity and its effect on estimates of rain rate due to coupling of the vertically and horizontally polarized fields through the radiation patterns. To that end, a brief review of the effects of the bias on quantitative rainfall measurements is given. Suggestions for tolerable values of this bias are made. Of utmost interest is the bias produced by radars simultaneously transmitting horizontally and vertically polarized fields, as this configuration has been chosen for pending upgrades to the U.S. national network of radars (Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler; WSR-88D). The bias strongly depends on the cross-polar radiation pattern. Two patterns, documented in the literature, are considered.
3-(Dialkylamino)methyladamantane-1-carboxylic acids (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT3-(Dialkylamino)methyladamantane-1-carboxylic acidsDemetrios Kontonassios, Constantine Sandris, Georges Tsatsas, Silvano Casadio, Bruno Lumachi, and Carla TurbaCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1969, 12, 1, 170–172Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00301a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00301a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views55Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Experimental study of extrusion and surface treatment of organo clay with PET nano-composites (2009)

Inclusion of organoclay in engineering polymers is increase annually and this trend will continue for the foreseeable future despite the economic downturn.This paper describes melt blending techniques using PET nanocomposites containing commercially available organoclays with different percentage of surfactant coatings.This paper will also evaluate the morphology and mechanical properties of the composites using a range of techniques like, scanning electron microscopy, melt rheology and thermal analysis.Comparisons will be made between properties of amorphous and semi crystalline films in terms of surfactant used and material properties.It will be demonstrated that the quantity of surfactant used with the organoclays can significantly affect dispersion and properties of composites produced.
Identifying Wafer Defect Patterns by Variational Autoencoder and SegNet (2019)

Wafer bin maps (WBMs) represent the wafer test results in semiconductor processes. In WBMs, identifying the defect patterns are significant because the defect patterns can be used to detect the root causes of a defect. However, WBM researches in a real application suffer from insufficient training data for pattern analysis, so it is hard to apply machine learning techniques. Moreover, it is significant to classify the die, which is the minimum unit in a wafer, for identifying accurate causes, but the previous studies were conducted for the wafers. In this study, we use a variational autoencoder to generate new WBMs samples to build an accurate classifier for defect patterns. We then propose a die-wise defect segmentation system. This system aims to enable classification the cause of defects by using SegNet, a deep convolutional encoder-decoder architecture. To demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed methodology, we conducted an experimental evaluation to compare the accuracy of the proposed approach than the ones of two variants of autoencoders. The experimental study confirmed that the proposed approach shows superior performance in the results.
In Defence of Explicit Rules (1991)

Connectionist systems have shown themselves adept at a certain kind of problem 
solving. They are adept at delicately trading off multiple soft constraints so as to 
behave as if they encoded symbolic knowledge of rules and categories (examples 
to follow). In so doing , they are getting by with emergent and example-bound 
correlates to classical rules and data-structures. I shall argue that this emergentist 
style of representation, despite some clear benefits of interpolation, generalization and content-addressability, is unable to provide a distinctive kind of cognitive flexibility exhibited by human subjects . (1 leave the question of the animal 
kingdom to the experts: probably some higher animals exhibit similar flexibility.) 
In short , I shall argue for the poverty of the purely emergent.
Synchronous pumping of an optical parametric oscillator using an amplified quasi-cw pump envelope (1996)

Pulse-slicing from a cw laser output followed by high gain amplification can produce quasi-cw pulses at power levels well in excess of those available from large frame cw lasers. Mode-locked pulse trains with an envelope of 10µs duration and at 2kHz repetition rate are amplified by a factor of 20 to give 5Watts of envelope average power. These power levels allow efficient single-pass frequency doubling and subsequent pumping of a lithium triborate optical parametric oscillator.
Throughput of multiprocessors with replicated shared memories (1899)

Multiprocessors with replicated shared memory use a memory structure consisting of a set of memories, one for each processor, with identical contents. This minimizes read interference since each processor simply accesses its own private copy of the shared memory. To ensure shared-memory integrity, write requests transfer data to all copies in parallel. Compared to traditional shared memories, multiprocessors with replicated shared memories may achieve a speed-up which approaches O(N), with N equal to the number of processors. This speed-up occurs for systems with large N, a small number of shared memories, and large shared-memory use and fractions of read requests.
Abstract 2292: Dipyridamole Induced Headache Indicates Lower Recurrence Risk in Secondary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke (2012)

Background Headache is a common adverse event in patients treated with dipyridamole (DP) for secondary stroke prevention. The headache resembles migraine, possibly indicating that vessel walls and endothelium of cerebral vessels are still intact and able to dilate. Purpose We hypothesized that patients who develop headache on DP will have a lower risk of recurrent stroke compared to patients without headache. Methods We analysed data from PROFESS (N=20,332) comparing aspirin plus DP with clopidogrel. Prospective data on headache as an adverse event within 7 days of start of medication or reason for discontinuation of study drug and recurrent stroke incidence were collected. We compared the relative risk of recurrent stroke in patients who did and did not get headache and who did or did not discontinue study medication due to headache. Analyses were repeated in the smaller ESPS 2 study (N=6,602) investigating aspirin, aspirin plus DP, DP or placebo in secondary stroke prevention. Results In PROFESS 3067 patients taking aspirin plus DP complained of headache in the first 7 days while 6988 did not. In the aspirin plus DP group, the recurrent stroke risk after 2.5 years was 8.2% in patients with and 9.4% in patients without headache resulting in a RR of 0.90 (95% CI 0.81-1.01, p= 0.07). In the clopidogrel treated group there was no difference in stroke risk between patients with and without headache RR = 1.00 (95% CI 0.82-1.23). In PROFESS, 518 patients taking aspirin plus DP discontinued treatment due to headache in the first 90 days. Their risk of recurrent stroke was 5.0%. In patients who did not discontinue aspirin plus DP due to headache in the first 90 days, the recurrent stroke risk was 9.2% resulting in a RR of 0.53 (95% CI 0.36-0.79, p=0.001). In the clopidogrel treated patients the RR was 0.89(95% CI 0.36-2.20); 7.9% of 63 clopidogrel patients who discontinued due to headache within 90 days of randomization had stroke vs. 8.9% in all other patients. In ESPS 2, 129 patients taking aspirin plus DP discontinued treatment due to headache in the first 90 days. Their rate of recurrent stroke was 6.2%. In patients who did not discontinue aspirin plus DP due to headache in the first 90 days, the recurrent stroke rate was 9.8% resulting in a RR of 0.63 (95% CI 0.31-1.26, p=0.18). Conclusions In PROFESS patients who developed headache on aspirin plus DP for secondary stroke prevention had a reduced risk of stroke recurrence in comparison with those who did not or were treated with clopidogrel. These results are directionally supported by similar but non-significant findings on treatment discontinuation of aspirin plus DP in ESPS 2. Headache in clopidogrel treated patients did not demonstrate any protective effects, suggesting specificity. These results suggest that DP-induced headache may be a marker for more reactive vessel walls in cerebral arteries.
Circulating levels of pregnancy specific β1 glycoprotein in patients with testicular, bronchogenic and breast carcinomas (1980)

Pregnancy specific beta 1 glycoprotein (SP1) was measured in plasma from patients with carcinoma of the breast (42 patients), lung (32 patients, and testis (9 patients). Elevated circulating levels of SP1 were detected in one patient from each group.