gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Size dependence of excited-state dynamics for J-aggregates at silver bromide interfaces (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSize dependence of excited-state dynamics for J-aggregates at silver bromide interfacesA. A. Muenter, D. V. Brumbaugh, J. Apolito, L. A. Horn, F. C. Spano, and S. MukamelCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 7, 2783–2790Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100186a002https://doi.org/10.1021/j100186a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views376Altmetric-Citations103LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Coordination of multi-agent systems via asynchronous cloud communication (2016)

In this work we study a multi-agent coordination problem in which agents are only able to communicate with each other intermittently through a cloud server. To reduce the amount of required communication, we develop a self-triggered algorithm that allows agents to communicate with the cloud only when necessary rather than at some fixed period. Unlike the vast majority of similar works that propose distributed event- and/or self-triggered control laws, this work doesn't assume agents can be “listening” continuously. In other words, when an event is triggered by one agent, neighboring agents will not be aware of this until the next time they establish communication with the cloud themselves. Using a notion of “promises” about future control inputs, agents are able to keep track of higher quality estimates about their neighbors allowing them to stay disconnected from the cloud for longer periods of time while still guaranteeing a positive contribution to the task. We show that our self-triggered coordination algorithm guarantees that the system asymptotically reaches the desired state. Simulations illustrate our results.
Biofilm penetration, triggered release and in vivo activity of inhaled liposomal amikacin in chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infections (2008)

Penetration of biofilm and targeted, sustained release from liposomes can explain the superior in vivo efficacy of inhaled liposomal amikacin versus free drug observed in a 14 day infection model. Inhaled liposomal amikacin may represent an important therapy for chronic lung infections.
Quantitative Image Analysis for Evaluating the Coating Thickness and Pore Distribution in Coated Small Particles (2008)

Enabling a good characterization of the coating qualities, the presented method can be used as a fast and effective tool to predict coating functionality. This approach also enables the influence of different process conditions on coating properties to be effectively monitored, which latterly leads to process tailoring.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in a community in the nile delta: Population description and HCV prevalence (2000)

This report describes a cross-sectional survey of the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) in a rural Egyptian community in the Nile Delta. One half of the village households were systematically selected and examined by questionnaire and testing sera for anti-HCV and HCV RNA. Blood samples were obtained from 3, 888 (75.4%) of 5,156 residents >/=5 years of age; an additional 111 samples were obtained from children younger than 5 years. Overall, 973 (24.3%) of 3,999 residents were anti-HCV-positive, and the age- and gender-adjusted seroprevalence was 23.7%. Anti-HCV prevalence increased sharply with age, from 9.3% in those 20 years of age and younger to >50% in those older than 35 years. Currently or previously married individuals were more likely to be seropositive than those never married, controlling for age (Mantel-Haenszel risk ratio = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.3, 2.6). Of the 905 anti-HCV-positive samples tested, 65% were also positive for HCV RNA. Active schistosomal infection was not associated with anti-HCV status; however, history of antischistosomal injection therapy (reported by 19% of anti-HCV positives) was a risk for anti-HCV (age-adjusted risk ratio = 1.3; 95% CI: 1.2, 1.5). This study, the largest community-based survey to date, supports earlier reports of high levels of anti-HCV among adults in rural areas of Egypt, although many of those who are seropositive will not have active liver disease. The large reservoir of HCV infection in the community provides an opportunity to investigate risk factors for transmission, the natural history of infection and effectiveness of preventive methodologies, and raises concern about the prospect of an increasing incidence of chronic liver disease in the coming decades.
Fungi.guru: Comparative genomic and transcriptomic resource for the fungi kingdom (2020)

The fungi kingdom is composed of eukaryotic heterotrophs, which are responsible for balancing the ecosystem and play a major role as decomposers. They also produce a vast diversity of secondary metabolites, which have antibiotic or pharmacological properties. However, our lack of knowledge of gene function in fungi precludes us from tailoring them to our needs and tapping into their metabolic diversity. To help remedy this, we gathered genomic and gene expression data of 19 most widely-researched fungi to build an online tool, fungi.guru, which contains tools for cross-species identification of conserved pathways, functional gene modules, and gene families. We exemplify how our tool can elucidate the molecular function, biological process and cellular component of genes involved in various biological processes, by identifying a secondary metabolite pathway producing gliotoxin in <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>, the catabolic pathway of cellulose in <i>Coprinopsis cinerea</i> and the conserved DNA replication pathway in <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and <i>Pyricularia oryzae</i>. The tool is available at www.fungi.guru.
REVIEW CLUSTERING MECHANISMS OF DISTRIBUTED DENIAL OF SERVICE ATTACKS (2014)

Distributed Denial of Service attacks (DDoS) overwhelm network resources with useless or harmful packets and prevent normal users from accessing these network resources. These attacks jeopardize the confidentiality, privacy and integrity of information on the internet. Since it is very difficult to set any predefined rules to correctly identify genuine network traffic, an anomaly-based Intrusion Detection System (IDS) for network security is commonly used to detect and prevent new DDoS attacks. Data mining methods can be used in intrusion detection systems, such as clustering k-means, artificial neural network. Since the clustering methods can be used to aggregate similar objects, they can detect DDoS attacks to reduce false-positive rates. In this study, a review of DDoS attacks using clustering data mining techniques is presented. A review illustrates the most recent, state-of-the art science for clustering techniques to detect DDoS attacks.
Guest-Induced Folding of the N-Benzyl Substituents in an Ammonium Resorcinarene Chloride and the Formation of a Halogen-Bonded Dimer of Capsules (2016)

In methanol, N-benzyl ammonium resorcinarene chloride (Bn-NARCl) crystallizes as a solvate with the benzyl groups oriented in an open flower-like manner parallel to the cation–anion seam. 1,4-Dioxane as guest triggers a “semi-closed” single-molecule capsule with two benzyl “arms” enclosing the guest. The introduction of halogen bond (XB) donor 1,4-diiodoperfluorobutane (1,4-DIOFB) additionally folds the remaining two benzyl arms thus resulting in a fully closed capsule. Two 1,4-DIOFB molecules bridge two such Bn-NARCl capsules, forming a 2:2:2 XB held dimeric assembly of single-molecule capsules. The peculiar behavior was not observed in the bromide analog under similar experimental conditions. The studies were performed in solid state by X-ray single crystal crystallography, and MM level theoretical calculations.
HMM-based smoothing for concatenative speech synthesis (1998)

This paper will focus on our recent efforts to further improve the acoustic quality of the Whistler Text-to-Speech engine. We have developed an advanced smoothing system that a small pilot study indicates significantly improves quality. We represent speech as being composed of a number of frames, where each frame can be synthesized from a parameter vector. Each frame is represented by a state in an HMM, where the output distribution of each state is a Gaussian random vector consisting of x and ∆x. The set of vectors that maximizes the HMM probability is the representation of the smoothed speech output. This technique follows our traditional goal of developing methods whose parameters are automatically learned from data with minimal human intervention. The general framework is demonstrated to be robust by maintaining improved quality with a significant reduction in data.
Synthesis, Cytostatic, Antimicrobial, and Anti-HCV Activity of 6-Substituted 7-(Het)aryl-7-deazapurine Ribonucleosides (2014)

A series of 80 7-(het)aryl- and 7-ethynyl-7-deazapurine ribonucleosides bearing a methoxy, methylsulfanyl, methylamino, dimethylamino, methyl, or oxo group at position 6, or 2,6-disubstituted derivatives bearing a methyl or amino group at position 2, were prepared, and the biological activity of the compounds was studied and compared with that of the parent 7-(het)aryl-7-deazaadenosine series. Several of the compounds, in particular 6-substituted 7-deazapurine derivatives bearing a furyl or ethynyl group at position 7, were significantly cytotoxic at low nanomolar concentrations whereas most were much less potent or inactive. Promising activity was observed with some compounds against Mycobacterium bovis and also against hepatitis C virus in a replicon assay.
GABA signalling: therapeutic targets for epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease and Huntington’s disease (2001)

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD) are neurodegenerative disorders that involve disruptions in gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) signalling. GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). TLE seizures reflect excess excitation, which may result from local inhibitory circuit dysfunction. PD devastates the input to striatal GABAergic neurones and HD destroys striatal GABAergic neurones. Controlling GABA delivery to specific brain areas should benefit each of these diseases. The molecules responsible for GABA release and signalling are ideal targets for new therapies. In this paper, we discuss the role of GABA in the circuitry affected by each of these diseases and suggest potential sites for intervention. GABA is unique among neurotransmitters because it can be synthesised by either of two related enzymes. Intracellular GABA is found throughout the cytosol and in synaptic vesicles. GABA can be released either through exocytosis, or via the plasma membrane transporter. The synthesising enzyme probably determines the intracellular location and hence the mechanism for GABA release. Directing GABA synthesis, degradation, transport or receptors can control GABA signalling. We propose that new drugs and devices aimed at GABA synthesis, release and binding will offer novel and highly effective treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.
Improved image copyright protection scheme exploiting visual cryptography in wavelet domain (2013)

The last few years have seen a massive increment in the use of the Internet as a channel for sharing and transmitting data, thus requiring the need for copyright protection schemes able to preserve the ownership of the data. The idea of embedding a watermark directly in the data is however unacceptable in various fields of application, due to the intrinsic degradation introduced by non reversible watermarking schemes. Hence some zero watermarking schemes have been developed. In this work we propose an optimization of a recent watermarking method based on visual cryptography, by improving results against most commont types of attacks and achieving a higher perceptual quality of the extracted mark.
Derive (2000)

Many binary tools, such as disassemblers, dynamic code generation systems, and executable code rewriters, need to understand how machine instructions are encoded. Unfortunately, specifying such encodings is tedious and error-prone. Users must typically specify thousands of details of instruction layout, such as opcode and field locations values, legal operands, and jump offset encodings. We have built a tool called DERIVE that extracts these details from existing software: the system assembler. Users need only provide the assembly syntax for the instructions for which they want encodings. DERIVE automatically reverse-engineers instruction encoding knowledge from the assembler by feeding it permutations of instructions and doing equation solving on the output. DERIVE is robust and general. It derives instruction encodings for SPARC, MIPS, Alpha, PowerPC, ARM, and x86. In the last case, it handles variable-sized instructions, large instructions, instruction encodings determined by operand size, and other CISC features. DERIVE is also remarkably simple: it is a factor of 6 smaller than equivalent, more traditional systems. Finally, its declarative specifications eliminate the mis-specification errors that plague previous approaches, such as illegal registers used as operands or incorrect field offsets and sizes. This paper discusses our current DERIVE prototype, explains how it computes instruction encodings, and also discusses the more general implications of the ability to extract functionality from installed software.
International consensus on use of continuous glucose monitoring (2018)

[Comments on 10.9 and 10.10] These two publications describe guidelines made by the international learned societies on the use of continuous glucose monitoring devices. It is important to learn from these publications that education and guidance are pivotal before continuous glucose monitoring should be made available and that its use should indeed be closely monitored by the professional diabetes team. Anxieties and psychological distress can then be prevented. It has been shown that in the long term those patients who actually use CGM continuously will benefit from it.
Coherent crosstalk impairments in polarization multiplexed transmission due to polarization mode dispersion (2000)

Coherent crosstalk mechanisms induced by polarization mode dispersion in polarization multiplexed fiber transmission are examined by systems experiments, analysis and supporting modeling. Primary mechanisms include destructive interference, edge effects, and beat effects, leading to pulse distortion and to bit-error-rate penalties. Rules of thumb for tolerable crosstalk levels are developed.
The cell cycle of symbiotic chlorella: IV. DNA content of algae slowly increases during host starvation of green hydra (1986)

The distribution of DNA content of symbiotic Chlorella algae freshly isolated from green hydra was compared with that of cultured Chlorella of the NC64A strain, using flow cytometry. In nonlogarithmic cultures of NC64A most cells had accumulated in G1 phase, while in logarithmic cultures a peak containing cells in S phase and mitosis could be distinguished from the larger G1 peak. However, symbiotic algae showed a single broad peak in which there was no clear distinction between G1 and S phase/mitosis. When hydra were starved for a prolonged period, inhibiting host cell and algal division, the DNA content of the symbiotic algae slowly increased, and the number of daughter cells produced after a single feeding increased with the length of the preceding period of starvation. This suggests that symbiotic algae are able to cycle slowly through S phase, but unless the host is fed they cannot traverse into mitosis and complete the cell division cycle. No significant difference in cell size was found between algae producing either four or eight daughter cells after 1-day- or 22-day-starved hydra were fed, suggesting that algal cell size did not determine the number of daughter cells produced. Instead, this may be dependent upon the length of time the cell had spent in S phase prior to receiving the, as yet unknown, stimulus to enter into mitosis.
Effects of Viscosities and Solution Composition on Core-Sheath Electrospun Polycaprolactone(PCL) Nanoporous Microtubes (2021)

Vascularization for tissue engineering applications has been challenging over the past decades. Numerous efforts have been made to fabricate artificial arteries and veins, while few focused on capillary vascularization. In this paper, core-sheath electrospinning was adopted to fabricate nanoporous microtubes that mimic the native capillaries. The results showed that both solution viscosity and polyethylene oxide (PEO) ratio in polycaprolactone (PCL) sheath solution had significant effects on microtube diameter. Adding PEO into PCL sheath solution is also beneficial to surface pore formation, although the effects of further increasing PEO showed mixed results in different viscosity groups. Our study showed that the high viscosity group with a PCL/PEO ratio of 3:1 resulted in the highest average microtube diameter (2.14 µm) and pore size (250 nm), which mimics the native human capillary size of 1-10 µm. Therefore, our microtubes show high potential in tissue vascularization of engineered scaffolds.
Detection of albumin mRNAs in rat liver by in situ hybridization: usefulness of paraffin embedding and comparison of various fixation procedures. (1987)

Our aim was to define optimal conditions for efficient and reproducible albumin mRNA detection in rat liver by in situ hybridization. We used an albumin-specific [3H]-labeled cDNA probe with a specific activity of 6-8.10(6) cpm/microgram DNA. In situ hybridization is as efficient on paraffin sections as on cryostat sections for detecting albumin mRNAs. Perfusion fixation with a 4% paraformaldehyde solution results in homogeneous RNA retention within tissue blocks, in contrast with immersion fixation, which yields heterogeneous RNA preservation. Comparison of immersion fixation with three different fixatives (paraformaldehyde, ethanol-acetic acid, and Bouin's fixative) shows that the highest level of hybridization signal is obtained with paraformaldehyde. Ethanol-acetic acid and Bouin's fixative appear less efficient for albumin mRNA detection. Loss of mRNAs within liver tissue blocks over time is largely although not completely prevented by paraffin embedding.
Debug Support, Calibration and Emulation for Multiple Processor and Powertrain Control SoCs (2005)

The introduction of complex SoCs with multiple processor cores presents new development challenges, such that development support is now a decisive factor when choosing a system-on-chip (SoC). The presented development support strategy addresses the challenges using both architecture and technology approaches. The multi-core debug support (MCDS) architecture provides flexible triggering using cross triggers and a multiple core break and suspend switch. Temporal trace ordering is guaranteed down to cycle level by on-chip time stamping. The package sized-ICE (PSI) approach is a novel method of including trace buffers, overlay memories, processing resources and communication interfaces without changing device behavior. PSI requires no external emulation box, as the debug host interfaces directly with the SoC using a standard interface.
El árido calizo como árido para hormigones autocompactantes (HAC) (2012)

Siempre que se pretende investigar en el mundo del hormigon no se utiliza el arido calizo para realizar los ensayos, se utilizan aridos silicicos como patron, y los resultados obtenidos se extrapola a los aridos calizos. Esto se ha demostrado no correcto ya que no es extrapolable los resultados en muchos casos, y este articulo es un ejemplo, y normalmente el comportamiento del arido calizo es mas favorable. Los ensayos realizados con arido grueso, arido fino y finos calizos han demostrado unos optimos resultados para hormigones autocompactantes (HAC). Los finos calizos obtienen un optimo resultado en la plasticidad y estabilidad del hormigon, con la ayuda del aditivo de policarboxilato y el modulador de viscosidad, se consiguen todas las clases de hormigones autocompactantes para rampas, para muros y hasta para suelos (forjados-soleras), los aridos gruesos obtienen una optima adherencia con el cemento y los aridos finos rellenan los huecos que no han ocupado los finos. Consiguiendose resistencias mecanicas hasta los 65 MPa a los 28 dias y manteniendo las caracteristicas de los hormigones autocompactantes. Por tanto se concluye que el arido calizo es un excelente arido para la obtencion de hormigones autocompactantes, pero es necesaria una cuidada distribucion granulometrica, una adecuada dosificacion y un energico amasado para conseguir la homogeneidad del hormigon.
Tunable transform-limited pulse generation using self-injection locking of an FP laser (1993)

Wavelength-tunable, near transform-limited pulses have been generated using a Fabry-Perot laser diode coupled to a fiber loop containing a fiber Fabry-Perot resonator (FFPR) and a polarization controller. The ratio of transmitted to reflected light from the loop can be adjusted using the polarization controller. Single-mode operation of the gain-switched laser is achieved by self-injection locking, which is induced by light reflected from the fiber loop. The resulting output pulse has a time-bandwidth product of 0.4 and is tunable over about 15 nm by varying the tuning voltage of the FFPR.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Domain-Specific Risk Minimization for Out-of-Distribution Generalization (2022)

Recent domain generalization (DG) approaches typically use the hypothesis learned on source domains for inference on the unseen target domain. However, such a hypothesis can be arbitrarily far from the optimal one for the target domain, induced by a gap termed ``adaptivity gap''. Without exploiting the domain information from the unseen test samples, adaptivity gap estimation and minimization are intractable, which hinders us to robustify a model to any unknown distribution. In this paper, we first establish a generalization bound that explicitly considers the adaptivity gap. Our bound motivates two strategies to reduce the gap: the first one is ensembling multiple classifiers to enrich the hypothesis space, then we propose effective gap estimation methods for guiding the selection of a better hypothesis for the target. The other method is minimizing the gap directly by adapting model parameters using online target samples. We thus propose \textbf{Domain-specific Risk Minimization (DRM)}. During training, DRM models the distributions of different source domains separately; for inference, DRM performs online model steering using the source hypothesis for each arriving target sample. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed DRM for domain generalization with the following advantages: 1) it significantly outperforms competitive baselines on different distributional shift settings; 2) it achieves either comparable or superior accuracies on all source domains compared to vanilla empirical risk minimization; 3) it remains simple and efficient during training, and 4) it is complementary to invariant learning approaches.