gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Conditional Molecular Design with Deep Generative Models (2018)

Although machine learning has been successfully used to propose novel molecules that satisfy desired properties, it is still challenging to explore a large chemical space efficiently. In this paper, we present a conditional molecular design method that facilitates generating new molecules with desired properties. The proposed model, which simultaneously performs both property prediction and molecule generation, is built as a semisupervised variational autoencoder trained on a set of existing molecules with only a partial annotation. We generate new molecules with desired properties by sampling from the generative distribution estimated by the model. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model by evaluating it on drug-like molecules. The model improves the performance of property prediction by exploiting unlabeled molecules and efficiently generates novel molecules fulfilling various target conditions.
A proposal of cloud-based home network system for multi-vendor services (2014)

A home network system (HNS) provides value-added services for home users by networking house-hold appliances and sensors. In the conventional architecture, the HNS appliances and services are tightly coupled. It is therefore difficult for users to freely choose their favorite appliances and services. In this paper, we propose a new HNS architecture that accommodates multi-vendor services by extensively using cloud technologies. The new architecture manages individual HNS operations and data as standard services within the cloud. The vendor services must go through the cloud to access the HNS. Thus, loose coupling among the HNS and services can be achieved. As a result, the proposed architecture realizes more flexible HNS beneficial for both users and vendors.
Properties of oxide dispersion strengthened alloys (1989)

A contrast is drawn between the behavior of ODS alloys' matrix compositions and that of more conventional alloys. Mechanical property enhancements associated with ODS alloys are accounted for by both the presence of the dispersoids and, in some cases, the smaller size and number of secondary phases. Data obtained for ODS materials to date indicate the presence of three different threshold stresses, due to dislocation-particle interactions, diffusional creep/grain boundary sliding, and, in the case of the MA 956 ODS alloy, crack nucleation and growth processes. It is critical to establish which threshold stress is in effect, since the latter two stresses can result in failure by cracking.
Technical memorandum. Electronic tuning of high-Q VHF cavity resonators (1986)

It is shown that fine tuning of high Q VHF coaxial cavity resonators over a range of some 500 kHz is possible using PIN diodes and capacitive probes, without serious degradation of the unloaded Q and without introducing severe nonlinearities. Coarse tuning over a range of several MHz is shown using switched loops.
Workflow management based on process model repositories (1998)

Workflow management is an area of increasing interest. Nonetheless there are only a few workflow systems which are actually used for supporting business processes in an industrial context. Most of these systems only deal with processes which create and manipulate unstructured pieces of information, like documents and images. Our workflow management approach, called the FUNSOFT net approach, additionally supports the management of structured pieces of information, called objects. In doing so, we use a repository which is used to store information about process models and about individual processes. This repository is particularly useful for processes dealing with highly structured information, such as software processes. We describe the experience in using such a repository. We point out which of these experiences may be useful for developers of other workflow management systems as well.
Test case generation from natural language requirements based on SCR specifications (2013)

Formal models are increasingly used as input for automated test generation strategies. As an example, Software Cost Reduction (SCR) has been designed to detect and correct errors during the requirements phase, also allowing test generation. However, SCR syntax is not trivial for those who are unfamiliar with it. We propose here a strategy to generate test cases from natural language requirements using SCR as an intermediate and hidden formalism. To avoid textual ambiguity, the requirements are written according to a Controlled Natural Language. Each syntactically valid requirement is mapped into a semantic representation from which an SCR specification is derived. We then use the T-VEC tool to generate tests from SCR. We evaluated our strategy based on requirements and manually written test vectors provided by our partner from the Aviation Industry. Our strategy generated 85% of the vectors in the original set, with 100% of precision. The generation time was 2s. Yet, we obtained a mutation score of 84%.
Examination of Reliability and Validity of Walking Speed, Cadence, Stride Length -Comparison of Measurement with Stopwatch and Three-Dimension Motion Analyzer- (2007)

To examine the validity and reliability of values measured with a stopwatch (SW) and a three-dimensional motion analyzer (3D), walking speed and gait cycle variables were measured for ten healthy young individuals. Participants were given two assignments as subjects of the experiment. Their first role was to walk on a 16 m track from end to end at a comfortable speed, and as data measurers their second role was to use the stopwatch method to measure the time and number of steps taken for other subjects to pass through the measurement section of the track. The measurement section was set up in the middle of the track, with 4 m distance for the 3D and 10 m distance for the SW method. While subjects were walking from one end of the track to the other, their gait was measured by both the 3D and the SW methods. Each subject performed the gait trial 10 times. Results: Strong correlations were obtained among the measured values, both with the SW method and the 3D method, and high reliability was confirmed. Variables of time and space such as walking speed, cadence, and stride length can be measured by a stopwatch within the range of ± 0.1 s. The validity of the stopwatch method is strong: it showed tight correlation with the 3D method, but gave slightly shorter temporal and spatial parameters than the 3D method. The conclusion is that the stopwatch method is sufficient for the measurement of walking speed in the clinical field.
Determination of individual long‐chain fatty acyl‐CoA esters in heart and skeletal muscle (1988)

A method has been developed for determination of individual long-chain fatty acyl-CoA esters from heart and skeletal muscle using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The esters were extracted from freeze-clamped tissue of pig and rat hearts and rat skeletal muscle for analysis on a radially compressed C18 5mu reverse-phase column. Nine peaks in the extract with carbon chain lengths from C12 to C20 that subsequently disappeared on alkaline hydrolysis were identified. The major acyl-CoA peaks were 14:1, 18:2, 16:0 and 18:1 and additionally in rat heart 18:0. Total long-chain acyl-CoA esters obtained by summation of the individual molecular species was 11.34 +/- 1.48 nmol/g wet wt. pig heart; 14.51 +/- 2.11 nmol/g wet wt. in rat heart, and 4.35 +/- 0.71 nmol/g wet wt. in rat skeletal muscle. These values were approximately 132% of those obtained using a separate procedure that measured total CoA by HPLC after alkaline hydrolysis of the esters. The described method demonstrates the quantitation of individual acyl-CoA species in muscle tissue. Therefore, it has a number of advantages in that it permits information to be obtained on the individual molecular species under various nutritional and metabolic conditions.
Preparation and characterisation of tantalum carbide as an optional crucible material for bulk aluminium nitride crystal growth via physical vapour transport (2006)

Abstract This paper reports experimental measured and calculated phase distributions of carburised Ta sheets. Electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD) maps of carburised Ta samples have shown the progress of carburisation in respect of the annealing procedure. The initial stage is characterised by grain boundary and surface carburisation at lower temperatures (T = 2000 °C). At elevated annealing temperatures (T = 2200 °C) grain boundaries play a negligible role in the transformation of Ta to TaC. Sharply bounded phase layers of TaC 1–x and Ta 2 C are observed in this case. Fast grain coarsening below the carburisation temperature was found. A diffusion controlled phase formation model was introduced. The calculated concentrations of C are in good agreement with the measured phase widths. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Photoreflectance And The Seraphin Coefficients In Quantum Well Structures (1988)

The lineshape of photoreflectance spectra from quantum well structures remains an unsolved problem, despite previous attemps to develop an adequate model using Seraphin coefficients for a bulk semiconductor. We show that the Seraphin coefficients in quantum well structures are substantially different from those in the bulk. We obtain analytical forms of the coefficients for a single quantum well, which show that the interference phase depends on the geometrical structure of the quantum well. The predictions are confirmed by our experimental photoreflectance data from quantum well samples. Our study suggests a new approach to the study of the lineshape problem of modulation reflectance.
Surface emitting lasers: Materials, ultimate performances, and applications (2002)

The author compares the performance of some materials for surface emitting (SE) lasers such as GaInAsP, InGaAs, GaAlAs, and AlGaInP. In particular, a device technology toward realization of room temperature continuous-wave (CW) GaInAsP/InP SE lasers is discussed. Size effect, relative intensity noise (RIN), linewidth, spontaneous emission control, and photon recycling are outlined including optical interconnects and parallel optical fiber communication systems by featuring mode control, high power capability and extending 2-D arrays.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Viscoelasticity measurement of ex vivo bovine cartilage using Lamb wave method (2018)

Cartilage viscoelasticity changes with cartilage degeneration. Therefore, measurement of cartilage viscoelasticity could offer an alternative to traditional imaging methods for early diagnosis of osteoarthritis. In previous studies, we confirmed the feasibility of using the Lamb wave method (LWM) to assess the elasticity within a simulated cartilage-bone structures. The objective of the present study was to test the suitability of the LWM for measuring viscoelastic properties of ex vivo bovine tibial plateau cartilage. Theoretical and numerical analyses were performed to understand the viscoelastic Lamb wave propagation in cartilage and a suitable measurement range and loading frequency for the LWM were determined. The viscoelasticity of bovine cartilage was experimentally estimated to be 32.8 ± 0.50, 30.9 ± 0.50, and 31.9 ± 1.85 Pa · s for cartilage samples with thicknesses of 2.84 ± 0.02, 2.32 ± 0.03, and 2.01 ± 0.08 mm, respectively, which showed good repeatability during LWM measurements. However, cartilage elasticity was not sensitive to the viscoelastic Lamb wave speed. Indentation tests were also performed and cartilage elasticities were 0.88 ± 0.09, 1.03 ± 0.12, and 0.93 ± 0.09 MPa, respectively. This study validates the use of the LWM for measuring the viscoelasticity of ex vivo cartilage and provides a critical step toward the ultimate goal of measuring the viscoelasticity of cartilage in vivo.
Recovery of Exact Sparse Representations in the Presence of Bounded Noise (2005)

The purpose of this contribution is to extend some recent results on sparse representations of signals in redundant bases developed in the noise-free case to the case of noisy observations. The type of question addressed so far is as follows: given an (n,m)-matrix A with m>n and a vector b=Ax <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">o</sub> , i.e., admitting a sparse representation x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">o</sub> , find a sufficient condition for b to have a unique sparsest representation. The answer is a bound on the number of nonzero entries in x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">o</sub> . We consider the case b=Ax <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">o</sub> +e where x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">o</sub> satisfies the sparsity conditions requested in the noise-free case and e is a vector of additive noise or modeling errors, and seek conditions under which x <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">o</sub> can be recovered from b in a sense to be defined. The conditions we obtain relate the noise energy to the signal level as well as to a parameter of the quadratic program we use to recover the unknown sparsest representation. When the signal-to-noise ratio is large enough, all the components of the signal are still present when the noise is deleted; otherwise, the smallest components of the signal are themselves erased in a quite rational and predictable way
One-Pot Multienzyme Synthesis of Rare Ketoses from Glycerol (2020)

A facile approach is introduced here for the synthesis of rare ketoses from glycerol and d-/l-glyceraldehyde (d-/l-GA). The reactions were carried out in a one-pot multienzyme fashion in which the only carbon source is glycerol. In the enzymatic cascade, glycerol is phosphorylated and then oxidized at C2 to afford dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), the key donor for enzymatic aldol reaction. Meanwhile, the primary alcohol of glycerol is also oxidized to give the acceptor molecule GA in situ (d- or l-isomer could be formed stereospecifically with either alditol oxidase or horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase). Different DHAP-dependent aldolases were used to generate the aldol adducts (rare ketohexose phosphates) with various stereoconfigurations and diastereomeric ratios. It is worth noting that the enzyme that catalyzes the phosphorylation reaction in the first step could also help recycle the phosphate in the last step to provide free rare sugar molecules. This study provides a useful method for rare ketose synthesis on a 100 mg to g scale, starting from relatively inexpensive materials which solved the problem of supplying both glycerol 3-phosphate and GA in our previous work. It also demonstrates an example of green synthesis due to highly efficient carbon usage and recycling of cofactors.
Activity of sucralfate (sucrose octa-sulphate), an anti-ulcer agent, against opportunistic Gram-negative bacilli (1995)

The in-vitro activity of sucralfate (sucrose octa-sulphate) in suspension was examined against 128 strains of Gram-negative bacilli. Inhibitory activity was demonstrated against all isolates and bactericidal activity was demonstrated for 68. Sucralfate has inhibitory and bactericidal antibacterial activity which may contribute to its in-vivo clinical efficacy.
Mechanical characterization and properties of continuous wave laser irradiated Ge2Sb2Te5 stripes (2021)

Crystalline micrometer size stripes in 2.2 μm thick Ge2Sb2Te5 phase-change material films were produced by irradiation with a Continuous Wave Laser of 405 nm wavelength. The shape and the dimensions of the crystallized regions were investigated by Transmission Electron Microscopy and then compared with simulations based on temperature-crystal growth velocity literature data. The temperature-time profile was determined taking into account the laser power, the optical and thermal properties of both the amorphous and crystalline phase. The mechanical properties of the amorphous and of the crystallized regions were characterized by an ultra nano-indentation technique. This procedure allows a direct and local measurement of hardness and Young's modulus in the amorphous and in the contiguous crystalline regions on the micrometer scale. The following values for Young's modulus and for hardness were obtained: 33±4 GPa and 2.00±0.3 GPa for the amorphous phase, and 51±8 GPa and 2.90±0.45 GPa for the crystalline phase. The stresses induced by the density increase in the crystallized region cause, on the irradiated surface, a series of fracture whose characteristic behavior depends on the laser power and on the spacing between two contiguous scans. These results are of relevance for the mechanical failure mechanisms in potential phase-change devices.
Parameter Optimization for Statistical Machine Translation: It Pays to Learn from Hard Examples (2013)

Research on statistical machine transla-tion has focused on particular translation directions, typically with English as the target language, e.g., from Arabic to En-glish. When we reverse the translation di-rection, the multiple reference translations turn into multiple possible inputs, which offers both challenges and opportunities. We propose and evaluate several strategies for making use of these multiple inputs: (a) select one of the datasets, (b) select the best input for each sentence, and (c) syn-thesize an input for each sentence by fus-ing the available inputs. Surprisingly, we find out that it is best to tune on the hardest available input, not on the one that yields the highest BLEU score. This finding has implications on how to pick good transla-tors and how to select useful data for pa-rameter optimization in SMT. 1
The Orphan Gene ybjN Conveys Pleiotropic Effects on Multicellular Behavior and Survival of Escherichia coli (2011)

YbjN, encoding an enterobacteria-specific protein, is a multicopy suppressor of temperature sensitivity in the ts9 mutant strain of Escherichia coli. In this study, we further explored the role(s) of ybjN. First, we demonstrated that the ybjN transcript was about 10-fold lower in the ts9 strain compared to that of E. coli strain BW25113 (BW). Introduction of multiple copies of ybjN in the ts9 strain resulted in over-expression of ybjN by about 10-fold as compared to that of BW. These results suggested that temperature sensitivity of the ts9 mutant of E. coli may be related to expression levels of ybjN. Characterization of E. coli ybjN mutant revealed that ybjN mutation resulted in pleiotropic phenotypes, including increased motility, fimbriation (auto-aggregation), exopolysaccharide production, and biofilm formation. In contrast, over-expression of ybjN (in terms of multiple copies) resulted in reduced motility, fimbriation, exopolysaccharide production, biofilm formation and acid resistance. In addition, our results indicate that a ybjN-homolog gene from Erwinia amylovora, a plant enterobacterial pathogen, is functionally conserved with that of E. coli, suggesting similar evolution of the YbjN family proteins in enterobacteria. A microarray study revealed that the expression level of ybjN was inversely correlated with the expression of flagellar, fimbrial and acid resistance genes. Over-expression of ybjN significantly down-regulated genes involved in citric acid cycle, glycolysis, the glyoxylate shunt, oxidative phosphorylation, amino acid and nucleotide metabolism. Furthermore, over-expression of ybjN up-regulated toxin-antitoxin modules, the SOS response pathway, cold shock and starvation induced transporter genes. Collectively, these results suggest that YbjN may play important roles in regulating bacterial multicellular behavior, metabolism, and survival under stress conditions in E. coli. These results also suggest that ybjN over-expression-related temperature rescue of the ts9 mutant may be due to down-regulation of metabolic activity and activation of stress response genes in the ts9 mutant.
Dynamic Registration of Preablation Imaging With a Catheter Geometry to Guide Ablation in a Swine Model: Validation of Image Integration and Assessment of Catheter Navigation Accuracy (2009)

CT and MRI images can be effectively utilized for catheter navigation when integrated into a mapping system. This novel registration module with dynamic registration provides effective guidance for ablation.
Merged bilateral arterial duct and circumflex retroesophageal right aortic arch in a fetus with normal intracardiac anatomy (2019)

We report the case of a fetus with anamnios sequence and VACTERL syndrome, having a circumflex right aortic arch. Two arterial ducts join anteriorly to form a common vessel that connects to the pulmonary trunk with confluent pulmonary branches. Embryologically, the dorsal right 6th aortic arch did not disappear and the aortic arch development stopped in a symmetrical state with an exceptional "Y-shaped" merged bilateral arterial duct.
Hemostatic Effects of a Novel Estradiol-Based Oral Contraceptive (2011)

The novel COC containing estradiol valerate/dienogest had similar or less pronounced effects on hemostatic parameters than ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel.
Artificial Intelligence in 5G Technology: A Survey (2018)

A fully operative and efficient 5G network cannot be complete without the inclusion of artificial intelligence (AI) routines. Existing 4G networks with all-IP (Internet Protocol) broadband connectivity are based on a reactive conception, leading to a poorly efficiency of the spectrum. AI and its subcategories like machine learning and deep learning have been evolving as a discipline, to the point that nowadays this mechanism allows fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks to be predictive and proactive, which is essential in making the 5G vision conceivable. This paper is motivated by the vision of intelligent base stations making decisions by themselves, mobile devices creating dynamically-adaptable clusters based on learned data rather than pre-established and fixed rules, that will take us to a improve in the efficiency, latency, and reliability of the current and real-time network applications in general. An exploration of the potential of AI-based solution approaches in the context of 5G mobile and wireless communications technology is presented, evaluating the different challenges and open issues for future research.
Selection of regression system tests for security policy evolution (2012)

As security requirements of software often change, developers may modify security policies such as access control policies (policies in short) according to evolving requirements. To increase confidence that the modification of policies is correct, developers conduct regression testing. However, rerunning all of existing system test cases could be costly and time-consuming. To address this issue, we develop a regression-test-selection approach, which selects every system test case that may reveal regression faults caused by policy changes. Our evaluation results show that our test-selection approach reduces a substantial number of system test cases efficiently.