gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Triplet pregnancy following IVF treatment with a single embryo]. (2008)

We report a case in which a patient received IVF treatment due to massive pelvic endometriosis. The tubal patency and sperm parameters were normal. After e-SET (elective single embryo transfer) ultrasonography showed a triplet pregnancy with thick dividing membranes and lambda sign between all sacs. Two monozygotic and one dizygotic girl were delivered by Caesarean section at 28 weeks gestation. The couple had intercourse 2 days prior to the oocyte pick up (OPU) and the triplet pregnancy was attributed to a combination of assisted and spontaneous conception.
A 500 MHz phase generator for synthetic aperture radar waveform synthesizers (2002)

A GaAs phase generator ASIC has been developed using a SC10000 standard cell library which produces the quadratic phase necessary to generate a linear-FM chirp waveform. Fully functional chips have been fabricated using a 3-layer metal, 0.9 mu m gate E/D-MESFET process. Measured maximum accumulation rates vary from 450 MHz to 590 MHz. The chip is fully ECL and TTL compatible and is packaged in a standard 132-pin ceramic package. The phase generator has been successfully tested in a prototype synthetic aperture radar.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Universal Scaling and Design Rules of Hydrogen-Induced Optical Properties in Pd and Pd-Alloy Nanoparticles (2018)

Hydride-forming metal nanoparticles sustaining localized surface plasmon resonance have emerged as prototypical material to study the fundamentals of hydrogen-induced phase transformations. They have also been proposed as signal transducers in next-generation hydrogen sensors. However, despite high current interest in hydrogen sorption by nanomaterials in general and such sensors in particular, the correlations between nanoparticle size, shape, and composition, the amount of hydrogen absorbed, and the obtained optical response have not been systematically experimentally studied. Focusing on hydrogenated Pd, PdAu- and PdCu-alloy nanoparticles, which are of particular interest in hysteresis-free plasmonic hydrogen sensing, we find that at practically important Au/Pd and Cu/Pd ratios the optical response to hydrogen concentration is linear and, more interestingly, can be described by a single universal linear trend if constructed as a function of the H/Pd ratio, independent of alloy composition. In addition to this correlation, we establish that the amplitude of optical signal change is defined solely by the spectral plasmon resonance position in the non-hydrogenated state for a specific nanoparticle composition. Thus, it can be maximized by red-shifting the LSPR into the NIR spectral range via tailoring the particle size and shape. These findings further establish plasmonic sensing as an effective tool for studying metal-hydrogen interactions in nanoparticles of complex chemical composition. They also represent universal design rules for metal-hydride-based plasmonic hydrogen sensors, and our theoretical analysis predicts that they are applicable not only to the H/Pd/Au or H/Pd/Cu system investigated here but also to other H/Pd/Metal combinations.
Enhanced classification through exploitation of hierarchical structures (2007)

Humans often organize information by encoding it in structures that link together entities such as concepts, objects, properties etc. Among the various structures possible, hierarchies are commonly used. For instance, taxonomies of categories commonly employ hierarchies to indicate that one category type of another. The Yahoo! Web Directory and the Open Directory Project are two examples of large taxonomies where topics are hierarchically arranged. Hierarchies are also used to recursively decompose composite objects into their constituent parts. Examples of this are webpages that can be parsed and then represented as DOM-trees, where the DOM nodes correspond to sections of the webpages. 
In this thesis we argue that these hierarchical relationships between entities can be exploited to facilitate common data mining tasks defined upon them, like automated classification. Specifically, we show that the information encoded in these hierarchies can be reduced to constraints on class membership scores that can then be enforced as a post-processing step to enhance the accuracy of classification. We demonstrate our ideas and algorithms on three real-world tasks. 
First, we tackle the problem of classification into hierarchical taxonomies. We show how different taxonomy structures can be translated into constraints on the outputs of classifiers learned at the nodes of the hierarchy. In addition, we give algorithms to optimally enforce these constraints and show that this results in improved classification accuracy. In cases where the taxonomies are not available, we give an approach to automatically derive hierarchical relationships amongst a flat set of categories. Next, we work on the problem of detecting noisy (templated) parts of webpages. We give algorithms that rate each section of a webpage in terms of how templated it is. Then we show that smoothing the output of these template classifiers over the DOM-tree hierarchy improves the template detection performance of our system. Finally, we investigate the task of segmenting websites into topically cohesive regions. We define a framework and within it a set of measures that characterize good segmentations, and give an efficient algorithm to find the best segmentation within this framework. 
We formalize the problem of enforcing constraints on the outputs of classifiers as regularized isotonic or unimodal regression on rooted trees; these are generalizations of the classic isotonic regression problem. The nature of the constraints as well as the cost functions is different in each of the applications mentioned above. For all these formulations we give efficient algorithms to optimally smooth the classifier outputs. These novel formulations and algorithms might be of interest independent of the applications in this thesis.
Optimizing UV laser focus profiles for improved MALDI performance (2006)

Matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) applications, such as proteomics, genomics, clinical profiling and MALDI imaging, have created a growing demand for faster instrumentation. Since the commonly used nitrogen lasers have throughput and life span limitations, diode-pumped solid-state lasers are an alternative. Unfortunately this type of laser shows clear performance limitations in MALDI in terms of sensitivity, resolution and ease of use, for applications such as thin-layer sample preparations, acceptance of various matrices (e.g. DHB for glycopeptides) and MALDI imaging. While it is obvious that the MALDI process has some dependence on the characteristics of the laser used, it is unclear which features are the most critical in determining laser performance for MALDI. In this paper we show, for the first time, that a spatially structured laser beam profile in lieu of a Gaussian profile is of striking importance. This result enabled us to design diode-pumped Nd : YAG lasers that on various critical applications perform as well for MALDI as the nitrogen lasers and in some respects even better. The modulation of the beam profile appears to be a new parameter for optimizing the MALDI process. In addition, the results trigger new questions directing us to a better understanding of the MALDI process.
Stochastic Gradient Descent without Full Data Shuffle (2022)

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is the cornerstone of modern machine learning (ML) systems. Despite its computational efficiency, SGD requires random data access that is inherently inefficient when implemented in systems that rely on block-addressable secondary storage such as HDD and SSD, e.g., TensorFlow/PyTorch and in-DB ML systems over large files. To address this impedance mismatch, various data shuffling strategies have been proposed to balance the convergence rate of SGD (which favors randomness) and its I/O performance (which favors sequential access). In this paper, we first conduct a systematic empirical study on existing data shuffling strategies, which reveals that all existing strategies have room for improvement -- they all suffer in terms of I/O performance or convergence rate. With this in mind, we propose a simple but novel hierarchical data shuffling strategy, CorgiPile. Compared with existing strategies, CorgiPile avoids a full data shuffle while maintaining comparable convergence rate of SGD as if a full shuffle were performed. We provide a non-trivial theoretical analysis of CorgiPile on its convergence behavior. We further integrate CorgiPile into PyTorch by designing new parallel/distributed shuffle operators inside a new CorgiPileDataSet API. We also integrate CorgiPile into PostgreSQL by introducing three new physical operators with optimizations. Our experimental results show that CorgiPile can achieve comparable convergence rate with the full shuffle based SGD for both deep learning and generalized linear models. For deep learning models on ImageNet dataset, CorgiPile is 1.5X faster than PyTorch with full data shuffle. For in-DB ML with linear models, CorgiPile is 1.6X-12.8X faster than two state-of-the-art in-DB ML systems, Apache MADlib and Bismarck, on both HDD and SSD.
Resonance Raman and Infrared Spectral Studies on Radical Anions of Model Photosynthetic Reaction Center Quinones (Naphthoquinone Derivatives) (1998)

Quinones play a vital role in the processes of electron transfer in bacterial photosynthetic reaction centers. It is of interest to investigate photochemical reactions involving quinones with a view to elucidate structure-function relationships in biological processes. Resonance Raman and FTIR spectra of electrochemically generated radical anions of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, and 2-methyl-3-phytyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, also known as Vitamin K3 and Vitamin K1, respectively, (model compound for QA in Rhodopseudomonas viridis, a bacterial photosynthetic reaction center) have been reported. The same study has also been extended to 1,4-naphthoquinone for comparison. The vibrational assignments were carried out on the basis of comparison with our earlier time resolved resonance Raman studies on photochemically generated radical anions of 1,4-naphthoquinone and 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (Balakrishnan et al., J. Phys. Chem., 100, (1996), 16472-16478). These in vitro results have been compared with the reported vibrational spectral data under in vivo conditions.
Beneficial effects of a retinoic acid analog, CBS-211 A, on an experimental model of keratoconjunctivitis sicca. (1992)

We report the effects of CBS-211 A, a synthetic retinoic acid analog, on a previously described experimental model of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in the rabbit. A 9-week topical treatment with 0.02% CBS-211 A in aqueous vehicle significantly increased the conjunctival goblet cell density (P less than 0.01, impression cytology counting), stopped the evolution of the corneo-conjunctival surface alteration (P less than 0.05, rose bengal test), and restored a basically normal mucosecretory product quality in goblet cells (lectin histochemistry) compared to vehicle treatment. The results assess the efficacy of this compound in reversing KCS pathology in a relevant model different from general vitamin A deficiency models, and strongly support the rationale for using such a well-tolerated retinoid in dry eye treatment.
A Detailed in Vitro Characterization of the Basal Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone Secretion Rates during the Rat Four-Day Estrous Cycle* (1981)

Studies were undertaken to determine the relative basal anterior pituitary gland FSH and LH release rates in vitro for rats killed by decapitation at 1 of 15 times during the 4- day estrous cycle and to ascertain if these basal release rates correlated with changes in serum gonadotropin concentrations. Trunk blood was collected, and serum was assayed for FSH and LH. Half of the anterior pituitary gland was homogenized and assayed for FSH and LH. The other half was placed in culture medium for a 30-min preincubation and then placed in fresh media for a 2-h incubation (basal FSH and LH release). Serum FSH concentration rose in association with a rise in serum LH levels during the afternoon of proestrus (first phase of FSH release). Whereas serum LH levels fell during the evening of proestrus, the serum FSH concentration remained elevated through 2400 h on estrus (second phase of FSH release). The basal FSH release into medium increased markedly during late proestrus and showed a highly significant positive correlation (p < 0.00001) with changes in serum FSH levels during the period of the second phase of FSH release. The basal FSH release and serum FSH concentration also correlated positively throughout the estrous cycle. A small increment in basal FSH release occurred during the first phase of FSH release, but only after a marked increase in the serum FSH concentration. The basal LH secretion did not change significantly during the estrous cycle. The anterior pituitary gland FSH concentration decreased in association with the first phase of FSH release, and concentrations were fully restored by noon on estrus. The results indicate that the anterior pituitary gland undergoes marked changes during the afternoon and early evening of proestrus, resulting in a large increase in the basal FSH release rate which is independent of total radioimmunoassayable anterior pituitary gland FSH stores. Based on these observations and those of previous studies in this laboratory, we suggest that the second phase of increased serum FSH concentration is primarily the result of an increase in the basal FSH secretion rate.
Spatial TDMA: A Collision-Free Multihop Channel Access Protocol (1985)

In this paper we define a broadcast channel access protocol called spatial TDMA, which is designed specifically to operate in a multihop packet radio environment where the location of the nodes of the network is assumed to be fixed. The defined protocol assigns transmission rights to nodes in the network in a local TDMA fashion and is collisionfree. Methods for determining slot allocations are developed, and an approximate solution is given for determining the assignment of capacities for the links of the network that minimizes the average delay of messages in the system.
Modeling and design considerations of coupled inductor converters (2010)

In this part of the sequel on the modeling and analysis of coupled inductors and coupled inductor based multiphase switching converters, the recently developed symmetrical coupled inductor model is first extended to include the inductor winding dc resistance (DCR). The extended model is then used to analyze the influence of the coupling on the DCR based current sensing schemes popularly used in multi-phase switching regulators. It is found that the time-constant matching condition in coupled inductor converters needs to be modified to include the coupling coefficient. The proposed model is also used to derive the small-signal control-to-output transfer function of the converters incorporating coupled inductors, with which the effect of coupling on the dynamic behaviors of the converter power stage, such as resonant frequency and damping factor, can be easily evaluated.
Complications of NewColorIris implantation in phakic eyes: a review (2011)

Sight-threatening complications including corneal decompensation, IOP elevation, uveitis, and hyphema have been described after NewColorIris implantation.
Performance of cascade multilevel H-Bridge inverter with single DC source by employing low frequency three-phase transformers (2010)

Among the mature multilevel converter topologies, cascade multilevel H-Bridge inverter is promising one which is an alternative for grid-connected photovoltaic/ wind-power generator, flexible alternating current systems and motor drive application. The CMC (cascade multilevel converter) can flexibly expand the output power capability and is favorable to develop. Present paper elevates a new structure of CMC with a low frequency three-phase transformers and a single DC power source. Comparing with conventional CMC this new CMC uses less number of components for same number of output levels. As three phase transformer was employed harmonic components of the output voltage and switching losses can be diminished considerably. Computer aided simulations was performed through matlab/simulink and simulation results for seven, nine, eleven, thirteen & fifteen level are presented to verify the performance of proposed cascade multilevel inverter.
Determination of Ergot Alkaloid Content in Tall Fescue by Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy (2005)

Ergot alkaloids are a class of toxic compounds, some of which are produced by a fungal endophyte in tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). The objective of this research was to measure total ergot alkaloid content in tall fescue by near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with a calibration developed from immunochemical reference data. Eighty‐four tall fescue samples were collected from experiments at the University of Missouri. Samples were from plants that varied in maturity, endophyte status, genotype, growing environment, and storage and preservation treatment. Samples were scanned by NIR radiation and analyzed chemically for ergot alkaloid content using a commercial immunoassay. An empirical prediction equation was developed by regressing NIR reflectance data against absorbance data from the immunoassay. The initial calibrations achieved a 1 − variance ratio (VR) of 0.86 with a mean and standard error of cross validation (SECV) of 0.606 ± 0.12; however, this was possible only when stockpiled tall fescue samples were omitted from the population. Stockpiled samples were checked for chemical accuracy and spectral similarity to the population, and another set of calibrations was developed. The final calibration, which omitted only those stockpiled samples that were infected with a toxic endophyte, had a 1 − VR of 0.89, with a mean and SECV of 0.682 ± 0.11. We concluded that total ergot alkaloid content in tall fescue can be quantified by NIR spectroscopy with a calibration developed from immunochemcial data, though it may not be possible to include samples of stockpiled tall fescue if they are infected with a toxic endophyte. Such a calibration can be robust and precise, reliably predicting an entire class of compounds in a diverse population of tall fescue samples.
The Role of Demand-Side Resources in Integration of Renewable Power (2012)

This paper explores the potential match (and some mismatches) between variable renewable power production and a range of demand-side resources, including demand response, demand-side storage and peak load- (or renewable nadir-) coincident energy efficiency. To understand the potential contributions and limits of the demand-side resources, and explore strategies to blend them in integrated resource portfolios, we study a range of renewable integration challenges. We characterize the renewable integration problems in terms of under-generation (too little wind and solar resource relative to load), over-generation (too much wind or solar resource relative to load), and ramping rates (too fast a change in load net of renewable production). We explore the time dynamics of energy available from demand-side resources and evaluate their potential for balancing variations in load and renewable output.
Fundamentals of the analytic network process (1999)

The Analytic Network Process (ANP) is a general theory of relative measurement used to derive composite priority ratio scales from individual ratio scales that represent relative measurements of the influence of elements that interact with respect to control criteria. Through its superma-trix whose elements are themselves matrices of column priorities, the ANP captures the out-come of dependence and feedback within and between clusters of elements. The Analytic Hier-archy Process (AHP) with its dependence assumptions on clusters and elements is a special case of the ANP. The ANP is a new and an essential phase in decision making, neglected so far be-cause of the linear structures used in traditional approaches and their inability to deal with feed-back in order to choose alternatives not simply according to attributes and criteria, but also ac-cording to their consequences both positive and negative – an essential and so far a missing con-sideration in decision making. This paper gives a brief look at the foundation of the ANP to-gether with a simple example. 1.
Announcing the 2020 Early Career Editorial Advisory Board appointees (2020)

First Page
Study of device mass production capability of the character projection based electron beam direct writing process technology toward 14 nm node and beyond (2012)

Techniques to appropriately control the key factors for a character projection (CP) based electron beam direct writing (EBDW) technology for mass production are shown and discussed. In order to achieve accurate CD control, the CP technique using the master CP is adopted. Another CP technique, the Packed CP, is used to obtain suitable shot count. For the alignment on the some critical layers which have the normally an even surface, the alignment methodology differ from photolithography is required. The process that etches the SiO<sub>2</sub> material in the shallow trench isolation is added and then the alignment marks can be detected using electron beam even at the gate layer, which is normally on an even surface. The proximity effect correction using the simplified electron energy flux model and the hybrid exposure are used to obtain enough process margins. As a result, the sufficient CD accuracy, overlay accuracy, and yield are obtained on the 65 nm node device. The condition in our system is checked using self-diagnosis on a regular basis, and scheduled maintenances have been properly performed. Due to the proper system control, more than 10,000 production wafers have been successfully exposed so far without any major system downtime. It is shown that those techniques can be adapted to the 32 nm node production with slight modifications. For the 14 nm node and beyond, however, the drastic increment of the shot count becomes more of a concern. The Multi column cell (MCC) exposure method, the key concept of which is the parallelization of the electron beam columns with a CP, can overcome this concern. It is expected that by using the MCC exposure system, those techniques will be applicable to the rapid establishment for the 14 nm node technology.