gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel neoplastic primary tumor-derived human prostate epithelial cell line (2003)

Research into molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying prostate carcinogenesis would be greatly advanced by in vitro models of prostate tumors representing primary tumors. The generation of immortalized primary prostate cancer cells that will accurately reflect the in situ characteristics of malignant epithelium is greatly needed. We have successfully established a neoplastic immortalized human prostate epithelial (HPE) cell culture derived from a primary tumor. The RC-9 cells transduced through infection with a retrovirus vector expressing the E6 and E7 genes (E6E7) of human papilloma virus-16 (HPV-16) are currently growing well at passage 40, whereas RC-9 cells senesced at passage 7. RC-9/E6E7 cells exhibit epithelial morphology and high level of telomerase activity. More importantly, these immortalized cells produced tumors (SCID5038D) when inoculated into SCID mice. RC-9/E6E7 cells and SCID-5038D cells exhibit a high level of telomerase activity and androgen-responsiveness when treated with R1881. Expression of prostate specific antigen (PSA), androgen receptor (AR), prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), an androgen-regulated prostate specific gene (NKX3.1), p16, cytokeratins 8, 15 and HPV-16 E6 gene was detected in both of these cells. RC-9/E6E7 and SCID5038D cells also showed growth inhibition when exposed to retinoic acid and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1, potent inhibitors of prostate epithelial cell growth. A number of chromosome alterations were observed including the loss of chromosomes 2p, 3p, 8p, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 21 and the gain of 7 and 20 in the tumor cell line (SCID5038D). These results demonstrate that this primary tumor-derived HPE cell line retained its neoplastic phenotypes and its prostate-specific markers and should allow studies to elucidate molecular and genetic alterations involved in prostate cancer. This is the first documented case of a malignant AR and PSA positive established human prostate cancer cell line from a primary tumor of a prostate cancer patient.
Mixed cyclic trimers of porphyrins and dioxoporphyrins: geometry vs. electronics in ligand recognition (1998)

A series of metalloporphyrin-containing cyclic hosts has been prepared, which are electronically and geometrically programmed to recognize guests in a particular configuration. Electronic control is achieved by substituting the C–H meso positions with carbonyl groups, while geometric control is possible in the choice of the length of the rigid acetylene porphyrin linkers.
The United Kingdom (2003)

Party organisation is a long-established feature of the British House of Commons, pre-dating the emergence of mass political parties. Though the contemporary House of Commons is characterised by the opposition mode of executive-legislative relationships (King 1976) there is a less visible, but nonetheless significant, intra-party mode. Party organisation, facilitating communication between party leaders and supporters in the House of Commons, is central to that mode. The organisation has become more complex in the twentieth century and differs between the principal parties. On the Conservative side of the House, it allows Conservative Members of Parliament (MPs) some input into party policy-making and the power to determine the fate of the party leader and, on occasion, ministers in Conservative governments. On the Labour side of the House, party structures give Labour MPs less input into policy-making and the choice of party leader. High levels of organisation and cohesion characterise both main parties, but recent decades have seen MPs giving less attention to party activity and exercising a greater degree of voting independence in parliamentary votes.
Cyclic Nucleotides Modulate Store-mediated Calcium Entry through the Activation of Protein-tyrosine Phosphatases and Altered Actin Polymerization in Human Platelets (2001)

Agonists elevate the cytosolic calcium concentration in human platelets via a receptor-operated mechanism, involving both Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores and subsequent Ca(2+) entry, which can be inhibited by platelet inhibitors, such as prostaglandin E(1) and nitroprusside which elevate cAMP and cGMP, respectively. In the present study we investigated the mechanisms by which cAMP and cGMP modulate store-mediated Ca(2+) entry. Both prostaglandin E(1) and sodium nitroprusside inhibited thapsigargin-evoked store-mediated Ca(2+) entry and actin polymerization. However, addition of these agents after induction of store-mediated Ca(2+) entry did not affect either Ca(2+) entry or actin polymerization. Furthermore, prostaglandin E(1) and sodium nitroprusside dramatically inhibited the tyrosine phosphorylation induced by depletion of the internal Ca(2+) stores or agonist stimulation without affecting the activation of Ras or the Ras-activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase or extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) pathways. Inhibition of cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases prevented inhibition of agonist-evoked Ca(2+) release but it did not have any effect on the inhibition of Ca(2+) entry or actin polymerization. Phenylarsine oxide and vanadate, inhibitors of protein-tyrosine phosphatases prevented the inhibitory effects of the cGMP and cAMP elevating agents on Ca(2+) entry and actin polymerization. These results suggest that Ca(2+) entry in human platelets is directly down-regulated by cGMP and cAMP by a mechanism involving the inhibition of cytoskeletal reorganization via the activation of protein tyrosine phosphatases.
3-D Monte Carlo-based Scatter Compensation in Quantitative I-131 SPECT Reconstruction (2005)

We have implemented highly accurate Monte Carlo based scatter modeling (MCS) with 3-D ordered subsets expectation maximization (OSEM) reconstruction. The scatter is included in the statistical model as an additive term and attenuation and detector response are included in the forward/backprojector. In the present implementation of MCS, a simple multiple window-based estimate is used for the initial iterations and in the later iterations the Monte Carlo estimate is used for several iterations before it is updated. For I-131, MCS was evaluated and compared with triple energy window (TEW) scatter compensation using simulation studies of a mathematical phantom and a clinically realistic voxel-phantom. Even after just two Monte Carlo runs, excellent agreement was found between the MCS estimate and the true scatter distribution. Accuracy and noise of the reconstructed images were superior with MCS compared to TEW. However, the improvement was not large, and in some cases may not justify the large computational requirements of MCS. Finally clinical application of MCS was demonstrated by applying the method to a radioimmunotherapy (RIT) patient study.
Frequency Stabilization of Injection-Locked Violet Laser Diode with Doppler-Free Absorption Signal of Ytterbium (2003)

We report the experimental results of frequency stabilization and injection-locking of high-power violet laser diodes. The frequency of the master laser was stabilized with the Doppler-free saturated absorption signal of 174Yb atoms and the frequency stability was typically 62 kHz at a 1 s average time. The slave laser having an output power of 25 mW exhibited a locking range of approximately 500 MHz under a 0.6 mW injection power. A heterodyne beat note at 160 MHz between the master and slave lasers revealed a 3 dB linewidth of less than 1 Hz limited by the measurement instrument.
Longitudinal multiple sclerosis lesion segmentation data resource (2017)

The data presented in this article is related to the research article entitled "Longitudinal multiple sclerosis lesion segmentation: Resource and challenge" (Carass et al., 2017) [1]. In conjunction with the 2015 International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, we organized a longitudinal multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion segmentation challenge providing training and test data to registered participants. The training data consists of five subjects with a mean of 4.4 (±0.55) time-points, and test data of fourteen subjects with a mean of 4.4 (±0.67) time-points. All 82 data sets had the white matter lesions associated with multiple sclerosis delineated by two human expert raters. The training data including multi-modal scans and manually delineated lesion masks is available for download. In addition, the testing data is also being made available in conjunction with a website for evaluating the automated analysis of the testing data.
Plasma kinetics and uptake of a cholesterol-rich microemulsion (LDE) associated to etoposide oleate by neoplastic ovarian tissues (2004)

3176 Background: Previously we showed that etoposide oleate (ETO)associated with a cholesterol-rich microemulsion (LDE) forms a stable complex that is taken up by malignant cells. LDE-ETO retains the in vitro anti-proliferative activity of the drug and markedly reduces the toxicity to animals. In this study, the plasma kinetics of LDE:ETO and the ability of the complex to concentrate in the tumor after injection into the patients were tested. Methods: LDE-ETO labeled with [3H]etoposide oleate and [14C]-Cholesteryl Oleate (CO) was intravenously injected into 10 patients with ovarian cancer (50,6 ± 7,5 yr.) 24 h before the surgery. Blood samples were collected over the 24 h period to determine the plasma decay curves of the complex labels. Radioactivity present in plasma aliquots was determined in a scintillation solution and the plasma fractional clearance rate (FCR) was calculated by compartmental analysis. Specimens of tumors and normal ovaries excised during the surgery were collected for lipid extraction, separation by thin layer chromatography and radioactive counting. Results: FCR of LDE and of the drug were similar (0,0881 e 0,1722, respectively, p = 0.0653). The mean uptake of both [14C]-LDE and [3H]-etoposide oleate by malignat tissue of ovary was three fold greater when compared with that of the normal contralateral normal ovaries (LDE uptake = 448 ± 184 and 143 ± 51 and etoposide oleate uptake = 346 ± 75 and 103 ± 56, respectively). Conclusions: Our results indicate that most of the drug remains associated with LDE particles while in the circulation and that LDE has the hability to target etoposide oleate to the malignant ovarian tissues. Thus, LDE-ETO is an interesting preparation for testing in clinical trials. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Data from A Notch1 Ectodomain Construct Inhibits Endothelial Notch Signaling, Tumor Growth, and Angiogenesis (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Notch signaling is required for vascular development and tumor angiogenesis. Although inhibition of the Notch ligand Delta-like 4 can restrict tumor growth and disrupt neovasculature, the effect of inhibiting Notch receptor function on angiogenesis has yet to be defined. In this study, we generated a soluble form of the Notch1 receptor (Notch1 decoy) and assessed its effect on angiogenesis &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. Notch1 decoy expression reduced signaling stimulated by the binding of three distinct Notch ligands to Notch1 and inhibited morphogenesis of endothelial cells overexpressing Notch4. Thus, Notch1 decoy functioned as an antagonist of ligand-dependent Notch signaling. In mice, Notch1 decoy also inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor–induced angiogenesis in skin, establishing a role for Notch receptor function in this process. We tested the effects of Notch1 decoy on tumor angiogenesis using two models: mouse mammary Mm5MT cells overexpressing fibroblast growth factor 4 (Mm5MT-FGF4) and NGP human neuroblastoma cells. Exogenously expressed FGF4 induced Notch ligand expression in Mm5MT cells and xenografts. Notch1 decoy expression did not affect tumorigenicity of Mm5MT-FGF4 cells &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; but restricted Mm5MT-FGF4 xenograft growth in mice while markedly impairing neoangiogenesis. Similarly, Notch1 decoy expression did not affect NGP cells &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; but disrupted vessels and decreased tumor viability &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. These results strongly suggest that Notch receptor signaling is required for tumor neoangiogenesis and provides a new target for tumor therapy. [Cancer Res 2008;68(12):4727–35]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Integrated Bacterial Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Using PCR and High-Resolution Melt (2017)

Accurate and timely diagnostics are critical for managing bacterial infections. The current gold standard, culture-based diagnostics, can provide clinicians with comprehensive diagnostic information including bacterial identity and antimicrobial susceptibility, but they often require several days of turnaround time, which leads to compromised clinical outcome and promotes the spread of antibiotic resistance. Nucleic acid amplification tests such as PCR have significantly accelerated the detection of specific bacteria but generally lack the capacities for broad-based bacterial identification or antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Here, we report an integrated assay based on PCR and high-resolution melt (HRM) for rapid diagnosis for bacterial infections. In our assay, we measure bacterial growth in the presence or absence of certain antibiotics with real-time quantitative PCR or digital PCR to determine antimicrobial susceptibility. In addition, we use HRM and a machine learning algorithm to identify bacterial species based on melt-curve profiles of the 16S rRNA gene in an automated fashion. As a demonstration, we correctly identified the bacterial species and their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles for multiple unknown samples in blinded tests within ∼6.5 h.
Atomistic modeling of a superconductor-transition-metal dichalcogenide-superconductor Josephson junction (2023)

Using an atomistic tight-binding model, we study the characteristics of a Josephson junction formed by monolayers of MoS$_2$ sandwiched between Pb superconducting electrodes. We derive and apply Green's function-based formulation to compute the Josephson current in this system, as well as the local density of states in the junction. Our analysis of diagonal and off-diagonal components of the local density of states reveals the presence of triplet superconducting correlations in the MoS$_2$ monolayers and spin-polarized subgap (Andreev bound) states. Our formulation can be extended to other systems where atomistic details and large scales are needed to obtain accurate modeling of Josephson junction physics.
Development of a Plated Nickel Seed Layer for Front Side Metallization of Silicon Solar Cells (2009)

The use of a fully plated front contact for metallization of silicon solar cells, may offer significant improvement in cell performance, as compared to a screen printed and fired silver paste contact. The ability to pattern narrower grid lines, for reduced light shadowing, combined with the lower resistance of a metal silicide contact and improved conductivity of a plated deposit should combine to produce higher cell efficiencies. However, testing has shown a significant impact of upstream cell processing on the ability to consistently achieve the improvements referenced. Here we review the results of our testing and discuss options for reducing the sensitivity of the nickel seed layer process to normal variations in the upstream cell manufacturing process.
C-SCAN TESTING FOR COMPLEX PARTS. (1987)

Caracteristiques et performances d'un appareil de controle ultrason utilisable en controle de fabrication et en controle en service des materiaux et applicable aussi bien a la detection des defauts qu'a la mesure des proprietes (geometrie, adherence...) des materiaux composites complexes
Mechanical properties and early clinical experience with xenograft biomaterials. (1986)

Evaluation of new materials for ligament and tendon reconstruction has opened up a new area of orthopaedic research. This report outlines the mechanical properties, animal evaluations, and early clinical results from tests of a xenograft biomaterial of bovine source treated with a gluteraldehyde-based process. A clinical trial under FDA guidelines is currently underway.
NONLINEAR WAVES IN HOMOGENEOUS AND HETEROGENEOUS ELASTIC SOLIDS (1979)

The method of multiple scales is used to determine second-order uniform expansions for the displacements describing nonlinear plane waves propagating into an elastic half space. The material properties may be homogeneous or they may vary slowly in the direction of propagation. A discussion is presented for the interaction between dilatational and shear waves as well as the interaction between the nonlinearity and the heterogeneity. The present results and method of solution are compared with those obtained earlier for homogeneous and slightly heterogeneous media by using the analytic method of characteristics.
Managing innovation (2003)

In this paper we will describe a methodology used to encourage innovation and break-through thinking within our organization. This methodology is easily implemented in any team or organization with little impact to productivity.
Induced anisotropy and permeability in amorphous Fe-B and Co-Fe-B films (1981)

Amorphous Fe-B and zero magnetostrictive Co-Fe-B films have been prepared by rf diode sputtering technique. The anisotropy of the films is reduced by annealing them at 300ÅC in a rotating field. Annealed Co-Fe-B films have small but homogeneous uniaxial anisotropy, and exhibit very low coercivity(0.015Oe) and high effective permeability (5000), whereas annealed Fe-B films have inhomogeneous anisotropy and exhibit lower permeability(1000). These permeabilities are almost constant up to 50 MHz. In Co-Fe-B films, a large anisotropy is induced by field annealing at a temperature below the pre-annealing, where the activation energy of the process is estimated to be distributed between 0.7 and 1.1 eV.
A Comparison of Wound Healing after Epithelial Resection by Ultrasonic Surgical Aspiration and Ablation by the Carbon Dioxide Laser'*2 (1992)

The ultrasonic surgical aspirator (USA) offers unique surgical options in the treatment of vulvar intraepithelial diseases. Clinical observations have shown results that equal those achieved with the use of the carbon dioxide laser with regard to patient satisfaction and incidence of recurrent disease. The purpose of this study was to compare the USA to the carbon dioxide laser in the laboratory with respect to ease of use, adequacy of epithelial removal, amount of tissue damage, and timing of wound healing. The backs of ten Hartley guinea pigs were marked with eight lcm’ patches placed 2 cm apart. Each instrument was used to ablate or resect the area within four patches on each animal’s back to the level of the middermis (OS-l.0 mm). At time intervals from 0 hr to 28 days, the eight l-cm patches were removed and evaluated histologically. The USA was easier to control and maintain within the l-cm* patch than the laser was. On histologic evaluation, the USA demonstrated less adjacent epithelial damage. The peak inflammatory response, depth of collagen denaturation, reepithelialization, and healing at 28 days were similar in both groups. The study indicates that the ultrasonic surgical aspirator is effective in epithelial removal and allows rapid wound healing with minimal scarring. o wz
Nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infections. (2014)

Pulmonary infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are increasingly recognized worldwide. Although over 150 different species of NTM have been described, pulmonary infections are most commonly due to Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), Mycobacterium kansasii, and Mycobacterium abscessus. The identification of these organisms in pulmonary specimens does not always equate with active infection; supportive radiographic and clinical findings are needed to establish the diagnosis. It is difficult to eradicate NTM infections. A prolonged course of therapy with a combination of drugs is required. Unfortunately, recurrent infection with new strains of mycobacteria or a relapse of infection caused by the original organism is not uncommon. Surgical resection is appropriate in selected cases of localized disease or in cases in which the infecting organism is resistant to medical therapy. Additionally, surgery may be required for infections complicated by hemoptysis or abscess formation. This review will summarize the practical aspects of the diagnosis and management of NTM thoracic infections, with emphasis on the indications for surgery and the results of surgical intervention. The management of NTM disease in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections is beyond the scope of this article and, unless otherwise noted, comments apply to hosts without HIV infection.
Integrated Analysis of COX-2 and iNOS Derived Inflammatory Mediators in LPS-Stimulated RAW Macrophages Pre-Exposed to Echium plantagineum L. Bee Pollen Extract (2013)

Oxidative stress and inflammation play important roles in disease development. This study intended to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of Echium plantagineum L. bee pollen to support its claimed health beneficial effects. The hydromethanol extract efficiently scavenged nitric oxide ((•)NO) although against superoxide (O2(•-)) it behaved as antioxidant at lower concentrations and as pro-oxidant at higher concentrations. The anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated in LPS-stimulated macrophages. The levels of (•)NO and L-citrulline decreased for all extract concentrations tested, while the levels of prostaglandins, their metabolites and isoprostanes, evaluated by UPLC-MS, decreased with low extract concentrations. So, E. plantagineum bee pollen extract can exert anti-inflammatory activity by reducing (•)NO and prostaglandins. The extract is able to scavenge the reactive species (•)NO and O2(•-) and reduce markers of oxidative stress in cells at low concentrations.
Double-Structured Laminated Heads with Substrate Bias-Sputtered FeTaN Films (1994)

Substrate bias-sputtered FeTaN/SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> multilayer films with a doublelayer structure were prepared from electrically insulated thick FeTaN layers. These were built up of thin FeTaN layers with alternating anisotropy direction. Such films, hereafter referred to as "Double-Structured substrate Bias-sputtered Multilayer" (DSBM) films, were developed for potential application in magnetic heads. Double-Structured Laminated (DSL) heads composed of DSBM films sandwiched between ceramic substrates have been developed. These heads exhibit excellent recording characteristics equal to those of heads composed of Conventional Laminated (CL) FeTaN film heads used with high-coercivity tape. However, their reproduction characteristics are superior to those of CL heads at high frequencies.
Pitch resynchronization while recovering from a late frame in a predictive speech decoder (2006)

The concealment procedure used by CELP speech decoders to regenerate lost frames introduces an error that propagates into the following frames. Within the context of voice transmission over packet networks, some packets arrive too late to be decoded and must also be concealed. Once they arrive however, those packets can be used to update the internal state of the decoder, which stops error propagation. Yet, care must be taken to ensure a smooth transition between the concealed frame and the following “updated” frame computed with properly updated internal states. During voiced or quasi-periodic segments, the pitch phase error that is generally introduced by the concealment procedure makes it difficult and detrimental to quality to use the traditional fade-in, fade-out approach. This paper presents a method to handle that pitch phase error. Specifically, the transition is done in such a way that the natural pitch periodicity of the speech signal is not broken. Index Terms: speech coding, robustness, late packets