gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Collaborative Flow Management: Automation and Forecast Comparisons for Convective Weather Disruptions (2009)

The focus of this paper is on the problem of airline schedule recovery when airspace capacity is limited by convective weather. The problem is represented in a simulation, the Boeing National Flow Model (NFM), and an analysis is conducted to measure the benefits of increased automation and improved weather forecasting. In particular, an analysis is undertaken based upon all scheduled traffic and the actual convective weather experienced on specific good and bad weather days for the U.S. National Airspace System (NAS) in the year 2007. The analysis quantifies the benefits associated with a collaborative flow management concept involving distributed airline schedule recovery. The concept permits airline users to optimize or re-plan their own schedules given an assigned and equitable share of forecast system capacities. The methodology can be used to evaluate alternative convective weather forecasting products, including both polygonal forecasts (such as the CCFP), along with gridded probabilistic forecasts. The methodology can also utilize the actual weather, typically available in snapshots every 5-6 minutes, as a gridded 0/1 “perfect” forecast. The analysis was conducted and is reported on in two major phases. In both phases of the study we allowed the use of strategies for ground delay and flight cancellation but did not allo w for re-routing. The first phase of the analysis was an initial attempt to study the relative value of alternative forecasts and levels of planner automation and utilized multiple forecasting products in their original form. In this phase, we discovered a systematic difference (i.e., bias) in overall coverage between the forecast and actual weather. The forecasts contained much higher levels of weather coverage, leading to re-planning responses that were considerably over-reactive. These findings led to a forecast calibration effort at NOAA that served to adjust both the forecast and actual weather coverage to greatly reduce or eliminate the bias. In the second phase of the study we undertook to compare multiple calibrated forecasting products as well as alternative levels of planner automation.
Involvement of the Fc receptor IIA cytoplasmic domain in antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection (2009)

Sub-neutralizing concentrations of antibody to dengue virus (DENV) enhance DENV infection of Fc gamma receptor-expressing cells. This phenomenon, referred to as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), has been hypothesized to be responsible for the severe form of DENV infection, including dengue haemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. To analyse further the mechanisms of ADE in vitro, this study introduced a series of cytoplasmic mutants into human Fc gammaRIIA. The mutated Fc gammaRIIA was then expressed on COS-7 cells to see whether these mutants could enhance DENV infection. Wild-type Fc gammaRIIA enhanced DENV infection, consistent with previous reports using Fc gammaR-positive monocytes. Disruption of the immune tyrosine activation motif (ITAM) in the cytoplasmic domain of Fc gammaRIIA or removing the sequences between the two ITAM regions eliminated ADE. These findings suggest that the specific structure of the Fc gammaRIIA cytoplasmic domain is essential for the ability of Fc gammaRIIA to mediate ADE.
MOVPE growth of GaAs on Ge substrates by inserting a thin low temperature buffer layer (2006)

Abstract High quality GaAs layers have been grown by low pressure MOVPE on Ge(001) and Ge(001) 9° off oriented in [110] direction by using a thin low temperature (LT) GaAs layer. Investigations of the initial growth step were performed at different V/III ratios and temperatures. To show the good buffer layer quality solar cell structures were grown on off oriented n‐Ge(001) and n‐GaAs(001) substrates. The surface morphology was studied by atomic force microscopy which showed the step‐flow growth mode on 1.2 µm thick GaAs/Ge structures. The crystalline qualities of this structures and the smooth surface morphology were investigated by double crystal X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Prospective Gating With 320-MDCT Angiography: Effect of Volume Scan Length on Radiation Dose (2011)

Dose optimization remains an important concern in cardiac CT, and for 320-MDCT angiography, substantial dose reduction can be achieved by reducing volume scan length so that it is in concert with the patient's heart length.
Supplementary Dataset S4 from Loss of NF1 in Melanoma Confers Sensitivity to SYK Kinase Inhibition (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Dataset S4&lt;/p&gt;
Desulfomusa hansenii gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel marine propionate-degrading, sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from Zostera marina roots. (2001)

The physiology and phylogeny of a novel sulfate-reducing bacterium, isolated from surface-sterilized roots of the marine macrophyte Zostera marina, are presented. The strain, designated P1T, was enriched and isolated in defined oxygen-free, bicarbonate-buffered, iron-reduced seawater medium with propionate as sole carbon source and electron donor and sulfate as electron acceptor. Strain P1T had a rod-shaped, slightly curved cell morphology and was motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Cells generally aggregated in clumps throughout the growth phase. High CaCl2 (10 mM) and MgCl2 (50 mM) concentrations were required for optimum growth. In addition to propionate, strain P1T utilized fumarate, succinate, pyruvate, ethanol, butanol and alanine. Oxidation of propionate was incomplete and acetate was formed in stoichiometric amounts. Strain P1T thus resembles members of the sulfate-reducing genera Desulfobulbus and Desulforhopalus, which both oxidize propionate incompletely and form acetate in addition to CO2. However, sequence analysis of the small-subunit rDNA and the dissimilatory sulfite reductase gene revealed that strain P1T was unrelated to the incomplete oxidizers Desulfobulbus and Desulforhopalus and that it constitutes a novel lineage affiliated with the genera Desulfococcus, Desulfosarcina, Desulfonema and 'Desulfobotulus'. Members of this branch, with the exception of 'Desulfobotulus sapovorans', oxidize a variety of substrates completely to CO2. Strain P1T (= DSM 12642T = ATCC 700811T) is therefore proposed as Desulfomusa hansenii gen. nov., sp. nov. Strain p1T thus illustrates the difficulty of extrapolating rRNA similarities to physiology and/or ecological function.
ABNORMAL FETAL HEART RATE PATTERNS AND FETAL ACIDBASE BALANCE IN LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTS IN RELATION TO RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME (1972)

Laboratory for Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor General Hospital, Torrance, California 90509
Detecting harmonic change in musical audio (2006)

We propose a novel method for detecting changes in the harmonic content of musical audio signals. Our method uses a new model for Equal Tempered Pitch Class Space. This model maps 12-bin chroma vectors to the interior space of a 6-D polytope; pitch classes are mapped onto the vertices of this polytope. Close harmonic relations such as fifths and thirds appear as small Euclidian distances. We calculate the Euclidian distance between analysis frames n +1 and n -1 to develop a harmonic change measure for frame n. A peak in the detection function denotes a transition from one harmonically stable region to another. Initial experiments show that the algorithm can successfully detect harmonic changes such as chord boundaries in polyphonic audio recordings.
Bidirectional Symmetrical 100 Gb/s/λ Coherent PON Using a Simplified ONU Transceiver (2022)

In this letter, a bidirectional symmetric 100 Gb/s/ <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula> coherent passive optical network (PON) scheme with a simplified optical network unit (ONU) transceiver is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In the proposed scheme, the downstream signal is generated in a dual-polarization coherent transmitter with Alamouti-coding at the optical line terminal (OLT) side and then received by a single-polarization heterodyne receiver at the ONU side. The upstream signal is generated in a low-cost C-band electro-absorption modulated laser (EML) at the ONU side and then received by a standard dual-polarization integrated coherent receiver at the OLT side. The experimental results show that more than 30 dB power budget is achieved after 25 km standard single mode fibre transmission for both downstream and upstream signal at 100 Gb/s/ <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula> . The cost at the ONU side is maintained low as the required bandwidth of the optoelectrical device is >25 GHz and the local oscillator power at the ONU side can be as low as 4 dBm.
Towards Securing Data Transfers Against Silent Data Corruption (2019)

Scientific applications generate large volumes of data that often needs to be moved between geographically distributed sites for collaboration or backup which has led to a significant increase in data transfer rates. As an increasing number of scientific applications are becoming sensitive to silent data corruption, end-to-end integrity verification has been proposed. It minimizes the likelihood of silent data corruption by comparing checksum of files at the source and the destination using secure hash algorithms such as MD5 and SHA1. In this paper, we investigate the robustness of existing end-to-end integrity verification approaches against silent data corruption and propose a Robust Integrity Verification Algorithm (RIVA) to enhance data integrity. Extensive experiments show that unlike existing solutions, RIVA is able to detect silent disk corruptions by invalidating file contents in page cache and reading them directly from disk. Since RIVA clears page cache and reads file contents directly from the disk, it incurs delay to execution time. However, by running transfer, cache invalidation, and checksum operations concurrently, RIVA is able to keep its overhead below 15% in most cases compared to the state-of-the-art solutions in exchange of increasing the robustness to silent data corruption. We also implemented dynamic transfer and checksum parallelism to overcome performance bottlenecks and observed more than 5x increase in RIVA's speed.
A Survey on Multi-Task Learning (2017)

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) is a learning paradigm in machine learning and its aim is to leverage useful information contained in multiple related tasks to help improve the generalization performance of all the tasks. In this paper, we give a survey for MTL from the perspective of algorithmic modeling, applications and theoretical analyses. For algorithmic modeling, we give a definition of MTL and then classify different MTL algorithms into five categories, including feature learning approach, low-rank approach, task clustering approach, task relation learning approach and decomposition approach as well as discussing the characteristics of each approach. In order to improve the performance of learning tasks further, MTL can be combined with other learning paradigms including semi-supervised learning, active learning, unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning, multi-view learning and graphical models. When the number of tasks is large or the data dimensionality is high, we review online, parallel and distributed MTL models as well as dimensionality reduction and feature hashing to reveal their computational and storage advantages. Many real-world applications use MTL to boost their performance and we review representative works in this paper. Finally, we present theoretical analyses and discuss several future directions for MTL.
Incompatibility of Fischer−Tropsch Diesel with Petroleum and Soybean Biodiesel Blends (2009)

The Department of Defense is the largest consumer of middle distillate fuels. It has been recommended that alternative fuel sources be considered as replacements or blending stocks for middle distillate ground transportation and marine fuels. Therefore, the search for suitable replacements or blending stocks is earnestly continuing. Renewable agricultural crops such as soybeans and others are now in the forefront. Nonrenewable synthetic fuels such as those produced by Fischer−Tropsch, FT, synthesis from coal and natural gas have been suggested. It is probable that several of these substitutes would be simultaneously blended into a middle distillate petroleum based diesel fuel. Care must be employed when blending fuels so that fuel specifications and storage stability are not decreased. This paper compares the storage stability of a three-part mixture consisting of Fischer−Tropsch diesel, a petroleum diesel, and a 5% and 10% soy biodiesel under ambient conditions.
High Incidence of Herpes Zoster After Cord Blood Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Despite Longer Duration of Antiviral Prophylaxis (2020)

We found a high incidence of HZ after CBT despite antiviral prophylaxis for > 1 year. Based on these findings, we suggest longer duration of prophylaxis for HZ after CBT. Compliance with antiviral prophylaxis, VZV-specific immune monitoring, and vaccination to mitigate HZ after CBT also require further study.
Kinetic Properties and Inhibition of Human T Lymphoblast Deoxycytidine Kinase (1989)

The kinetic properties of 50,000-fold purified cultured human T lymphoblast (MOLT-4) deoxycytidine kinase were examined. The reaction velocity had an absolute requirement for magnesium. Maximal activity was observed at pH 6.5-7.0 with Mg:ATP for 1:1. High concentrations of free Mg2+ or free ATP were inhibitory. Double reciprocal plots of initial velocity studies yielded intersecting lines for both deoxycytidine and MgATP2-. dCMP was a competitive inhibitor with respect to deoxycytidine and ATP. ADP was a competitive inhibitor with respect to ATP and a mixed inhibitor with respect to deoxycytidine. dCTP, an important end product, is a very potent inhibitor and was a competitive inhibitor with respect to deoxycytidine and a non-competitive inhibitor with respect to ATP. TTP reversed dCTP inhibition. The data suggest that (a) MgATP2- is the true substrate of deoxycytidine kinase; (b) the kinetic mechanism of deoxycytidine kinase is consistent with rapid equilibrium random Bi Bi; (c) deoxycytidine kinase may be regulated by its product ADP and its end product dCTP as well as the availability of deoxycytidine. While many different nucleotides potently inhibit deoxycytidine kinase, their low intracellular concentrations make their regulatory role less important.
Non-thermal plasma exhaust aftertreatment: Are all plasmas the same? (1997)

The authors describe initial experiments employing 5.5 GHz pulsed microwave power, which should result in enhanced chemistry compared to present state-of-the-art plasma aftertreatments by; reducing plasma electric field shielding, increasing availability of atomic nitrogen, exploiting surface charging of dielectrics, avoiding (low field) threshold initiated discharges, and achieving a higher high energy tail on the electron distribution function. As an example, the authors decided to test for NO reduction in N{sub 2}. While this reaction is not a complete description of the exhaust issues by any means, they thought it would demonstrate the technology proposed.
Aortic Reactivity of Rats with Genetic and Experimental Renal Hypertension (1972)

The isometric tensions produced by low concentrations of norepinephrine (1 × 10 −10 and 3 × 10 −10 M) or potassium (10 mM) were greater in aortic rings from mature rats with hypertension produced by bilateral renal encapsulation and from rats with genetic hypertension than from Car-worth normotensive Wistar rats. This hyper-reactivity was not associated with a hypersensitivity to low calcium concentrations in the presence of 80 mM KCl. Similarly the loss of maximum response to KCl with time in calcium-free solution was the same for aortic smooth muscle from normotensive and hypertensive rats. However, the rate of relaxation after 80 mM KCl was washed from the bath with normal Krebs solution was much faster for aortic smooth muscle from normotensive than from hypertensive animals. Spontaneous contractions were observed in aortic rings obtained from eight of 12 renal hypertensive rats but were not observed in rings from either spontaneously hypertensive or normotensive rats. An elevated thyroid activity was not associated with the increase in systolic blood pressure to 185 mm Hg in the renal encapsulated rats. The results suggest that the hypersensitivity to norepinephrine of the aortic smooth muscle is due to an altered cell membrane rather than a specific alteration of the adrenergic α-receptors.
The design and analysis of new musical bells (2004)

The design and analysis of a series of new musical bells will be presented in this paper. Modal analysis of a wide range of bell-like geometries using FEA revealed the presence and significance of transverse axial modes in unconstrained bell models, leading to a new understanding of the relationships between bell geometry and modal behavior. This understanding was used to adjust simple parametric models of bell geometry to arrive at appropriate geometries to begin numerical shape optimization for the design of bells with a range of desired overtone tunings. Pitch salience is well known to depend on the degree of harmonic relationships between pure tones in complex stimuli. Bells intended to produce a single, highly salient pitch were designed and manufactured with up to the first 7 overtones tuned to the harmonic series. Other bells with overtones tuned to subsets of two or three harmonic series were also designed and manufactured. These bells were intended to produce multiple pitch perceptions of approximately equal strength. Spectral analysis and range of numerical psycho-acoustic models are used to evaluate the sounds of manufactured bells against these design objectives. [I would like to acknowledge the close collaboration of Dr. Anton Hasell of Australian Bell.]
A SIMPLE PREPARATION OF DIALKYL ALKYLTHIOBORONATES AND TRIALKYLTHIOBORATES (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA SIMPLE PREPARATION OF DIALKYL ALKYLTHIOBORONATES AND TRIALKYLTHIOBORATESM. Frederick HawthorneCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 3, 748–749Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01488a064https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01488a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nonlinear wave interaction in a magnetron plasma (2000)

Oscillations in the frequency range 10&amp;lt;f&amp;lt;300 MHz were measured using a Langmuir probe in a magnetron plasma. Dual probes were used to obtain wave number information. Three distinct peaks were observed that obeyed the nonlinear selection rule ω=ω0−ω1, where ω0 is the pump frequency, and ω and ω1 are the decay frequencies. The phase velocity of the highest frequency wave (f=262 MHz) was consistent with beam plasma oscillations driven by secondary electrons from the target. The nonlinearly driven lower frequency wave had a phase velocity enabling efficient Landau damping. The resulting transfer of energy from the secondary electrons to the waves to the bulk electrons may explain the enhanced ionization of sputtered material observed in some high power density magnetron discharges.
PFresGO: an attention mechanism-based deep-learning approach for protein annotation by integrating gene ontology inter-relationships (2023)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Prognostic factors for well‐differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in the oral cavity with emphasis on immunohistochemical evaluation (1993)

Histological and immunohistological prognostic factors for well-differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were examined in 31 patients. They included 18 males and 13 females aged 42-84 (median 63) years. The tumors were located in the tongue in 13 cases, gingiva in 7, floor of the mouth in 5, cheek mucosa in 4, and palate in 2. Advanced disease (stages III and IV) was found in 92% of patients; 22 were treated by radical surgery and nine by excisional or incisional biopsy, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and external radiation. The 5-year survival rate in patients with stages III and IV disease was 58% and 33%, respectively. Histologic factors evaluated were tumor cell mitotic counts, degree of lymphocyte and eosinophil infiltration around the tumor, mast cell counts, HLA-DR expression on tumor cells, or surrounding lymphocytes. Multivariate analysis revealed that degree of eosinophilic infiltration and expression of HLA-DR antigen on the tumor cells were significant factors for prognosis (P < 0.05); i.e., heavy eosinophilic infiltration and expression of HLA-DR antigen on tumor cells were signs of an unfavorable prognosis. The interpretation of the present findings are discussed with a review of the literature.
32x10 Gb/s DWDM transmission thorugh a 160 km cascade of semiconductor optical amplifiers in light and moderate saturation regimes (2000)

A 160-km DWDM link with 320-Gb/s (32×10Gb/s) capacity and 50-GHz channel spacing is demonstrated using four in-line semiconductor optical amplifiers. The link performance does not significantly vary with- and without a saturating reservoir channel.
Tuning the Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of FePt Nanomagnets (2007)

Structure tuning of FePt nanomagnets is achieved by using a gas-phase condensation technique (see figure). Three types of FePt nanomagnets, A1 phase icosahedron, A1 phase octahedron, and L10 phase octahedron, with uniform size distributions are produced by directly manipulating the thermal environments for the nucleation and growth. The different magnetic performances of these nanomagnets are consistent with their structure variances. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2007/c2374_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Sol-Gel-Derived Mesoporous Silica Films with Low Dielectric Constants (2000)

Mesoporous silica films with low dielectric constants and possibly closed pores have been achieved with a multiple step sol-gel processing technique. Crack-free films with approximately 50 % porosity and 0.9 μm thicknesses were obtained, a tape-test revealing good adhesion between films and substrates or metal electrodes. Dielectric constants remained virtually unchanged after aging at room temperature at 56 % humidity over 6 days.