gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ovalbumin, Ovotransferrin, Lysozyme: Three Model Proteins for Structural Modifications at the Air−Water Interface (2003)

Structural modifications of ovalbumin, ovotransferrin, and lysozyme at the air-water interface have been investigated using SDS-PAGE, both intrinsic and ANS fluorometry, and circular dichroism experiments. Ovalbumin contact with an interface induced an exposure of aromatic residues, a slight decrease in alpha-helix structures (-1.7%), and an increase in both beta-sheet (+3.4%) and beta-turn (+7.9%) structures. Moreover, these conformational changes led to the formation of insoluble polymers of ovalbumin through intermolecular disulfide bonds. Ovotransferrin contact with an interface led to an increase in its surface hydrophobicity (+30%) and modifications of its secondary structure (-33% of alpha-helices, +96.4% of beta-sheets, +13.2% of beta-turns, and +21.2% of random coils), characteristic of major conformational changes. On the other hand, lysozyme did not undergo any structural modification. These results clearly underscore that at the air-water interface proteins are susceptible to denaturation.
Association of lymphocytosis following treatment with dasatinib with response and outcome. (2010)

6553 Background: Persistent clonal expansion of cytotoxic T or NK cells has been described in patients with CML and Ph+ ALL during dasatinib therapy. Methods: Data from phase II and III trials of dasatinib were used to conduct a large analysis in all phases of CML after 2 years of therapy. Rates of major (MCyR) and complete (CCyR) cytogenetic response, progression-free survival (PFS: loss of complete hematologic response or MCyR or death; advanced-phase disease: the same or increasing white-blood cells), and adverse events (AEs) were measured in those with and without lymphocytosis (defined as lymphocytes >3.6 x 109/L on ≥2 occasions after 20 days of treatment). Results: Lymphocytosiswas observed in a large proportion of dasatinib-treatedpatients in chronic (31%), accelerated (39%), and myeloid blast (34%) phase. The incidence of lymphocytosis was similar in patients in chronic phase receiving total doses of 100 or 140 mg of dasatinib. Rates of CCyR were higher in patients with lymphocytosis, especially among those with advanced-phase CML (Table). Longer median PFS was observed in patients with advanced disease and lymphocytosis, but not among those in chronic phase. Rates of overall AEs were similar between patients with and without detectable lymphocytosis, including rates of AEs associated with inflammation. Conclusions: Lymphocytosis occurs commonly after treatment with dasatinib and is associated with improved cytogenetic response and longer PFS, suggesting that some of the antileukemic effects of dasatinib may be associated with immune activation. Future studies, including immunological characterization of the lymphocytes and their possible targets, will be of considerable interest. CML phase n Lymphocytosis (%) MCyR (%) CCyR (%) Median PFS (m) Chronic 1,150 Yes (31) 70 58 30 No (69) 58 49 >31 Accelerated 490 Yes (39) 52 44 28.6 No (61) 34 26 20.3 Myeloid blast 257 Yes (34) 38 32 6.9 No (66) 28 18 3.5 Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Bristol-Myers Squibb Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chemgenix, Merck, Novartis, Wyeth Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck, Novartis Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis
Properties of three graphite/toughened resin composites (1991)

Results are presented from an experimental evaluation of IM7/977-2, IM7/F655, and T800/F3900. Data presented include ply-level (unidirectional laminate) strength and moduli, unnotched and notched (open hole) tension and compression properties of quasi-isotropic laminates, and compression-after-impact strengths. These data are compared with properties of other toughened (IM7/8551-7 and IM6/18081) and brittle (T300/5208) graphite-epoxy materials. The IM7/977-2, IM7/F655, and T800/F3900 materials are substantially stronger and more damage tolerant than widely used first generation composite materials such as T300/5208. The T800/F3900 outperforms IM7/977-2 and IM7/F655 materials in tolerance to projectile impacts. Compression-after-impact strengths were found to be dependent on impactor velocity for a given impact energy. The open hole compression properties of all three materials are degraded by the combination of heat and moisture.
Age-Related NADH Oxidase (arNOX). Potential Link between Cancer and Reduced Cardiovascular Risk (2013)

arNOX, an age-related NADH oxidase, has been shown to play a role in the formation of the autophagosome. The role of autophagy in tumorigenesis and tumor proliferation led to the hypothesis that abnormal arNOX levels might play a role in the pathology of cancer. Serum samples from cancer patients and age- and gender-matched healthy controls were assayed to measure arNOX activity by a standard assay involving measurements of superoxide production based on the reduction of ferricyanide c by superoxide monitored from the increase in absorbance at 550 nm with reference at 540 nm. Superoxide dismutase was added to the end of the assay to ensure return of the rate of ferricytochrome c reduction to the base line. Cancer and cardiovascular diseases are inversely correlated. Similarly, arNOX levels were decreased in cancer patients when compared to non-cancer control subjects while high arNOX levels have been implicated as an important cause of LDL oxidation and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. These findings may help further the understanding of the pathologies of cancer and cardiovascular disease and have implications for risk assessment for both diseases as well as for future therapeutic intervention strategies.
Simulation research to enhance patient safety and outcomes: recommendations of the Simnovate Patient Safety Domain Group (2017)

The use of simulation-based training has established itself in healthcare but its implementation has been varied and mostly limited to technical and non-technical skills training. This article discusses the possibilities of the use of simulation as part of an overarching approach to improving patient safety, and represents the views of the Simnovate Patient Safety Domain Group, an international multidisciplinary expert group dedicated to the improvement of patient safety. The application and integration of simulation into the various facets of a learning healthcare system is discussed, with reference to relevant literature and the different modalities of simulation which may be employed. The selection and standardisation of outcomes is highlighted as a key goal if the evidence base for simulation-based patient safety interventions is to be strengthened. This may be achieved through the establishment of standardised reporting criteria. If such safety interventions can be proven to be effective, financial incentives are likely to be necessary to promote their uptake, with the intention that up-front cost to payers or insurers be recouped in the longer term but reductions in complications and lengths of stay.
Formation and action of 8-hydroxy-11,12-epoxy-5,9,14-icosatrienoic acid in Aplysia: a possible second messenger in neurons. (1989)

In Aplysia neural tissue, the release and metabolism of arachidonic acid are stimulated by histamine or by activation of the identified L32 nerve cell circuit of the abdominal ganglion. Previously we found that histamine and intracellular stimulation of L32 cells, which are putatively histaminergic neurons, cause the production of 12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-icosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE), a product of the 12-lipoxygenase pathway formed through 12-hydroperoxy-5,8,10,14-icosatetraenoic acid (12-HPETE). 12-HPETE, but not 12(S)-HETE, mimics the dual-action response of L14 ink motor neurons to histamine and stimulation of L32. 12-HPETE can also be further metabolized to 8-hydroxy-11,12-epoxy-5,9,14-icosatrienoic acid (8-HEpETE) which was identified by HPLC, enzymatic hydrolysis, and GC/MS. Production of 8-HEpETE is specific, as its positional isomer 10-hydroxy-11,12-epoxy-5,8,14-icosatrienoic acid is not formed after physiologic stimulation. 8-HEpETE can elicit the late component (hyperpolarization) of the dual-action response in L14 cells, suggesting that it may be a second messenger in Aplysia.
S-phase-dependent p50/NF-кB1 phosphorylation in response to ATR and replication stress acts to maintain genomic stability (2015)

The apical damage kinase, ATR, is activated by replication stress (RS) both in response to DNA damage and during normal S-phase. Loss of function studies indicates that ATR acts to stabilize replication forks, block cell cycle progression and promote replication restart. Although checkpoint failure and replication fork collapse can result in cell death, no direct cytotoxic pathway downstream of ATR has previously been described. Here, we show that ATR directly reduces survival by inducing phosphorylation of the p50 (NF-κB1, p105) subunit of NF-кB and moreover, that this response is necessary for genome maintenance independent of checkpoint activity. Cell free and in vivo studies demonstrate that RS induces phosphorylation of p50 in an ATR-dependent but DNA damage-independent manner that acts to modulate NF-кB activity without affecting p50/p65 nuclear translocation. This response, evident in human and murine cells, occurs not only in response to exogenous RS but also during the unperturbed S-phase. Functionally, the p50 response results in inhibition of anti-apoptotic gene expression that acts to sensitize cells to DNA strand breaks independent of damage repair. Ultimately, loss of this pathway causes genomic instability due to the accumulation of chromosomal breaks. Together, the data indicate that during S-phase ATR acts via p50 to ensure that cells with elevated levels of replication-associated DNA damage are eliminated.
Enabling mobile haptic design: piezoelectric actuator technology properties in hand held devices (2006)

Mobile haptics and multimodal design has been strongly constrained by the lack of enabling actuator technologies. In this paper property of the piezoelectric actuator technology for haptic feedback in mobile devices is described. By the careful actuator design and its integration to mobile devices this technology provides realistic possibility for haptic and multimodal design with considerable latitude. Characteristics of mobile device usage are described and their impact to haptic design is discussed
Anisotropy in the optical absorption of Ag–SiO2 thin films with oblique columnar structures (1992)

An attempt has been made to clarify the anisotropy in the optical absorption and nanostructure of thin films prepared by oblique codeposition of Ag and SiO2. At a low concentration of Ag, the columnar structure grows toward the incident direction of vapor flux of SiO2, and Ag is dispersed in that structure as small metallic particles. An inhomogeneous distribution of Ag particles is obtained when Ag is deposited from the side of the normal to the film surface opposite to that of the incident direction of SiO2 flux. The optical transmittance is strongly dependent on the angle of incidence and the polarization of the incident light due to the effects of the small Ag particles embedded in the oblique columnar structure. The anisotropic optical absorption of Ag and SiO2 hybrid films can be used as an inorganic polarizer.
Supplementary Figure S5 from miR-1298 Inhibits Mutant KRAS-Driven Tumor Growth by Repressing FAK and LAMB3 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;miR-1298-TRAP Crosslinking by UVA Treatment.&lt;/p&gt;
30am2-PN-24 Microfluidic control method using fin structures operated by frequency modulation (2015)

As a fluid operation technique in microfluidic systems, we proposed a microfluidic control device to change mixing and pumping modes by frequency modulation. The proposed device has a movable fin structure supported by hinges in a microchannel and driven by electromagnetic force. We designed the fin structure to have a short difference of resonant frequencies between vertical and torsional modes for changing mixing and pumping modes. To evaluate the fluid flow generated by the fabricated device, we demonstrated a driving test in the water.
Phosphorylation of Adducin by Rho-Kinase Plays a Crucial Role in Cell Motility (1999)

Adducin is a membrane skeletal protein that binds to actin filaments (F-actin) and thereby promotes the association of spectrin with F-actin to form a spectrin-actin meshwork beneath plasma membranes such as ruffling membranes. Rho-associated kinase (Rho- kinase), which is activated by the small guanosine triphosphatase Rho, phosphorylates alpha-adducin and thereby enhances the F-actin-binding activity of alpha-adducin in vitro. Here we identified the sites of phosphorylation of alpha-adducin by Rho-kinase as Thr445 and Thr480. We prepared antibody that specifically recognized alpha-adducin phosphorylated at Thr445, and found by use of this antibody that Rho-kinase phosphorylated alpha-adducin at Thr445 in COS7 cells in a Rho-dependent manner. Phosphorylated alpha-adducin accumulated in the membrane ruffling area of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells and the leading edge of scattering cells during the action of tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). The microinjection of Botulinum C3 ADP-ribosyl-transferase, dominant negative Rho-kinase, or alpha-adducinT445A,T480A (substitution of Thr445 and Thr480 by Ala) inhibited the TPA-induced membrane ruffling in MDCK cells and wound-induced migration in NRK49F cells. alpha-AdducinT445D,T480D (substitution of Thr445 and Thr480 by Asp), but not alpha-adducinT445A,T480A, counteracted the inhibitory effect of the dominant negative Rho-kinase on the TPA-induced membrane ruffling in MDCK cells. Taken together, these results indicate that Rho-kinase phosphorylates alpha-adducin downstream of Rho in vivo, and that the phosphorylation of adducin by Rho-kinase plays a crucial role in the regulation of membrane ruffling and cell motility.
Impacts of climate change on the future of biodiversity (2012)

Many studies in recent years have investigated the effects of climate change on the future of biodiversity. In this review, we first examine the different possible effects of climate change that can operate at individual, population, species, community, ecosystem and biome scales, notably showing that species can respond to climate change challenges by shifting their climatic niche along three non-exclusive axes: time (e.g. phenology), space (e.g. range) and self (e.g. physiology). Then, we present the principal specificities and caveats of the most common approaches used to estimate future biodiversity at global and sub-continental scales and we synthesise their results. Finally, we highlight several challenges for future research both in theoretical and applied realms. Overall, our review shows that current estimates are very variable, depending on the method, taxonomic group, biodiversity loss metrics, spatial scales and time periods considered. Yet, the majority of models indicate alarming consequences for biodiversity, with the worst-case scenarios leading to extinction rates that would qualify as the sixth mass extinction in the history of the earth.
Data from Pembrolizumab in Combination with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Patients with Resectable Adenocarcinoma of the Gastroesophageal Junction (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;This phase Ib/2 trial investigated pembrolizumab-containing trimodality therapy in patients with gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma.&lt;/p&gt;Patients and Methods:&lt;p&gt;Patients with GEJ adenocarcinoma (cT&lt;sub&gt;1–3&lt;/sub&gt;N&lt;sub&gt;any&lt;/sub&gt;M&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) received neoadjuvant pembrolizumab-containing chemoradiation (CROSS regimen) followed by surgical resection and adjuvant pembrolizumab. The primary endpoints were tolerability in the first 16 patients and pathologic complete response [pCR (ypT&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;N&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;)]. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). An independent propensity-score-matched cohort (treated with CROSS without immunotherapy) was used for comparison. Exploratory analyses included immune biomarkers in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and plasma.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;We enrolled 31 eligible patients, of whom 29 received all expected doses of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab and 28 underwent R0 resection. Safety endpoints were met. The primary efficacy endpoint was not met [7/31 (22.6%) achieved pCR]. Patients with high [i.e., combined positive score (CPS) ≥ 10] baseline expression of programmed death (PD)-L1 in the TME had a significantly higher pCR rate than those with low expression [50.0% (4/8) vs. 13.6% (3/22); &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.046]. Patients with high PD-L1 expression also experienced longer PFS and OS than propensity-score-matched patients. Among trial patients with PD-L1 CPS &lt; 10, unprespecified analysis explored whether extracellular vesicles (EV) could identify further responders: an elevated plasma level of PD-L1–expressing EVs was significantly associated with higher pCR.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;Adding pembrolizumab to trimodality therapy showed acceptable tolerability but did not meet the pre-specified pCR endpoint. Exploratory analyses suggested that high PD-L1 expression in the TME and/or on EVs may identify patients most likely to achieve tumor response.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Haptic Feedback for the Transfer of Control in Autonomous Vehicles (2020)

Vehicles offering autonomous features need effective methods for transferring the control from the driver to the vehicle and back. While most research focuses on presenting information the driver might need after retaking control, our study investigates ways to improve the process of transferring control itself. We investigated multimodal feedback with and without haptics and visuals in a simulator study. Results showed that visual and haptic feedback improved driving during handover. Subjective ratings described multimodal feedback without visual as more disruptive than with the visual feedback included. Furthermore, ratings showed a preference for including visual and haptic feedback. These results lead us a step closer to a safe, clear and accepted control transfer process between driver and vehicle.
Oxidative Graft Polymerization of Aniline on PTFE Films Modified by Surface Hydroxylation and Silanization (2002)

Chemical modification of argon plasma-pretreated poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) films by UV-induced graft copolymerization with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), followed by silanization with (p-aminophenyl)trimethoxysilane (APTS), and finally oxidative graft polymerization of aniline had been carried out to render the PTFE surfaces electrically conductive. The chemical composition of the PTFE surface after each step of surface modification was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The graft concentration of the HEMA polymer and the aniline polymer increased with increasing concentration of the respective monomer used for graft polymerization. The extent of APTS chemisorption increased with the graft concentration of the HEMA polymer, as well as the concentration of the APTS solution. A high extent of APTS chemisorption, in turn, led to a high graft concentration of the aniline polymer and thus a low surface resistance of the resulting PTFE film upon acid treatment (reprotonation) of the grafted aniline polymer. The grafted aniline polymer exhibited similar intrinsic oxidation states and reprotonation−deprotonation behavior as those of the aniline homopolymer. The grafted aniline polymer was found to be more effectively protonated by 10-camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) than by HClO4. The optimum surface resistance of the aniline polymer-grafted PTFE film was on the order of 103 Ω/sq.
What is required for the viability of metal recovery from municipal solid-waste incineration fly ash? - Design and assessment of a process plant for copper extraction (2010)

The incineration of municipal solid waste produces large amounts of fly ashes, today in Sweden around 200 000 tons/yr. The ashes normally contain a considerable amount of valuable and hazardous metals. To fulfil the environmental regulations, most of these fly ashes can be deposited only in specific sites. This handling costs, requires energy and leads to emissions in the transportation to the deposit site. This work, taking departure in laboratory experiments for crucial steps, discusses possible chemical processing schemes and from this develops an overall design of a plant for the extraction and production of copper from the fly ash generated in a fluidized bed waste incineration plant. It also addresses the economic viability and environmental impact of the suggested processing in comparison to current handling, which involves transport to and disposal of the fly ash in Norway. The proposed process involves a leaching step, a solvent extraction process, a stripping step where the copper is transferred to an aqueous phase and finally electrolysis. By quantitative modelling and cost estimates of the processing steps of the proposed plant we identify the most important factors for the economics and environmental impact of the plant. In addition, we quantify the necessary recycling rates of the different process chemicals for achieving profitability. We conclude that a crucial factor is the recycling rate of the used organic solvent. Important parameters are also the handling costs and transportation needs of the rest products. For instance, a major benefit of the process is if treated fly ash can be reclassified such that it is allowed to be disposed into the own close-up hazardous waste landfill thus lowering the costs and environmental impacts. An extension of the process to include also the extraction of metals other than copper, for instance zinc, should be an interesting further development to consider.
Description of Bursaphelenchus Lignicolus N. Sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) From Pine Wood and Histopathology of Nematode-Infested Trees (1972)

Bursaphelenchus lignicolus n. sp. is described and illustrated from wood of pine trees (Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. and P. thunbergii Parl.) in Japan. This new species can be distinguished from other species of the genus by a distinct vulvar flap and the shape of spicules. The nematode is widespread throughout central to southwestern Japan in association with trees dead from a virulent epidemic in pine forests. Histopathological studies revealed that B. lignicolus occurred mostly in axial and radial resin canals of nematode infested trees but epithelial cells were also damaged.
Polymer Light-Emitting Devices for Artificial Fingerprints (2003)

Polymer light-emitting devices from nanostructured poly(3-octadecylthiophene) film obtained by electrophoretic deposition from a colloidal suspension have been prepared. The atomic force microscope image of the film surface shows a pronounced nanostructured morphology. Despite the porosity of the nanostructured polymer film, the device made by the simple vacuum deposition of a metal cathode on the polymer film deposited on an transparent electrode emits light. The nanostructured conjugated polymer films have no macroscopic porosity. The inhomogeneous emission was found to be a result of the roughness of the polymer film. Since the emission pattern is neither controllable nor duplicable, this device can be used as artificial fingerprints for polymer smart cards.