gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Substituenteneinflüsse auf Synthese und Eigenschaften von Hexakis[phosphanaurio(I)]methanium(2+)bis(tetrafluoroboraten) / Substituent Effects in Synthesis and Properties of Hexakis[phosphineaurio(I)]methanium(2 +) Bis(tetrafluoroborates) (1992)

Polyaurated carbon complexes of the type [(L–Au) 6 C] 2+ with functionalized phosphine ligands have been prepared by the reaction of the phosphinegold(I) chlorides R(Ph) 2 PAuCl (R = p-C 6 H 4 -Cl 2a,p-C 6 H 4 -Br 2b,p-C 6 H 4 -CH 3 2c,p-C 6 H 4 -OCH 3 2d,p-C 6 H 4 -COOH 2e, p-C 6 H 4 –N(CH 3 ) 2 2f), R 2 (Ph)PAuCl (R = p-C 6 H 4 -N(CH 3 ) 2 2g) and R 3 PAuCl (R = p-C 6 H 4 -N(CH 3 ) 2 2h) with tetrakis(dimethoxyboryl)methane in HMPT at room temperature. Clearly depending on the different inductive and mesomeric effects, the preparation of the clusters with substituents like –CH 3 3c, –OCH 3 3d and –N(CH 3 ) 2 3f needs shorter reaction times and the products show better solubility in organic solvents than those with functional groups like –Cl 3a, –Br 3b and –COOH 3e. The 31 P magnetic resonance parameters are correlated with electronic effects of the substituents, but the chemical shift of the interstitial carbon atom in the 13 C-NMR spectra is largely independent of the coordinating ligands. For the phosphinegold(I) chlorides 2f–h X-ray structure analyses have been performed.
Discontinuity preserving stereo with small baseline multi-flash illumination (2005)

Currently, sharp discontinuities in depth and partial occlusions in multiview imaging systems pose serious challenges for many dense correspondence algorithms. However, it is important for 3D reconstruction methods to preserve depth edges as they correspond to important shape features like silhouettes which are critical for understanding the structure of a scene. In this paper, we show how active illumination algorithms can produce a rich set of feature maps that are useful in dense 3D reconstruction. We start by showing a method to compute a qualitative depth map from a single camera, which encodes object relative distances and can be used as a prior for stereo. In a multiview setup, we show that along with depth edges, binocular half-occluded pixels can also be explicitly and reliably labeled. To demonstrate the usefulness of these feature maps, we show how they can be used in two different algorithms for dense stereo correspondence. Our experimental results show that our enhanced stereo algorithms are able to extract high quality, discontinuity preserving correspondence maps from scenes that are extremely challenging for conventional stereo methods.
Development of a slow non‐viral DNA release system from PDLLA scaffolds fabricated using a supercritical CO2 technique (2007)

Polyamidoamine polymers (PAA) comprising methylene-bisacrylamide/dimethylethylene-diamine monomers were synthesized, complexed with DNA and incorporated into porous P(DL)LA scaffolds by using a supercritical CO(2) (scCO(2)) technique. Scaffolds were made in a dry state consequently there was a need to lyophilize the complexes. A statistically significant reduction of the transfection efficiency was observed in the absence of trehalose when compared to the original complex after freeze-drying. Increasing concentrations (0-10% w/v) of trehalose were added to the complex prior to freeze-drying. Structure dependent differences in DNA binding were evaluated by gel electrophoresis and thermal transition analysis. TEM and PCS showed aggregate formation after freeze-drying without trehalose. Scaffolds were characterized by pore sizes of 173 +/- 73 microm and a porosity of 71%. The transfection potential of the released DNA was investigated by seeding scaffolds with A549 cells and following firefly luciferase as a marker gene after 48 h exposure. Low but continuous levels of transfection were observed for PAA complexes during a 60-day study. Complexes made with Lipofectaminetrade mark gave initially higher levels of DNA release but no further expression was seen after 40 days. Uncomplexed DNA showed background levels of transfection. Culturing cells on 3D scaffolds showed a benefit in retention of transfection activity with time compared to 2D controls. Transfection levels could be increased when cells were grown in OptiMEM. This study demonstrated that PAA/DNA complexes incorporated into a P(DL)LA scaffold made by using scCO(2) processing exhibited a slow release and extended gene expression profile.
O2‐09‐01: Aortic Stiffness and the Risk of Incident Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (2016)

Aortic stiffening increases the transfers of high pressure and flow pulsatility to small cerebral vessels potentially causing the accumulation of vascular brain injury and cognitive decline. However, the assocaition of aortic stiffness with incident dementia and clinical cognitive impairment remains unclear. Our aim was to investigate the prospective association of aortic stiffness with the risks of incident mild cognitive impairment and dementia. We studied 1,101 dementia-free Framingham Offspring study participants (mean age 69±6 years; 54% women). Aortic stiffness was measured as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity using applanation tonometry, and modelled as a linear variable and the top two quintiles (>11.4 m/s). Outcomes were the 10-year risk of incident mild cognitive impairment and dementia, including clinically characterized Alzheimer’s disease. We observed 106, 77 and 59 events of mild cognitive impairment, all-cause dementia and clinical Alzheimer’s disease respectively. After adjustment for age and sex, higher continuous aortic stiffness predicted an increased risk of mild cognitive impairment (Hazard Ratio [HR], 1.40 [95% CI: 1.13-1.73]), all-cause dementia (HR, 1.45 [95% CI: 1.13-1.87]) and Alzheimer’s disease (HR, 1.41 [95% CI: 1.06-1.87]). In a risk factor-adjusted statistical model, aortic stiffness remained a significant predictor of mild cognitive impairment, whereas the association with dementia was attenuated. In non-diabetics, the top two quintiles of aortic stiffness were associated with a higher risk of incident all-cause dementia across all statistical models. Aortic stiffness was an independent predictor of incident mild cognitive impairment in the whole sample and with incident dementia in non-diabetics. Our findings suggest aortic stiffness as a potentially modifiable risk factor for clinical cognitive impairment and dementia.
Rare Occurrence of PHOX2b Mutations in Sporadic Neuroblastomas (2008)

Neuroblastomas (NBs) are frequent solid tumors in childhood for which no specific genetic marker linked to their development has been identified to date. PHOX2b, which regulates the autonomic neuron development, has been associated with the development of autonomic diseases, and has been considered a potential candidate gene for neural crest-derived tumors such as NB. To ascertain the role of the PHOX2b gene in NB development, we have sequenced the complete PHOX2b coding region in tumors from 69 patients with sporadic NB, while 130 blood donors served as negative controls and 9 NB cell lines as positive controls. We found a missense deletion in exon 3 in a cell line. A further silent mutation in exon 3 (c.870C>A) was observed in 3 tumors but in none of the controls. A new polymorphism in intron 1 (IVS1-114 G>A) was observed in 31 tumor samples (44.9%) and in 68 controls (52.3%). We did not find any conclusive association of the polymorphisms or mutations in PHOX2b with the development of NB, although the large confidence intervals neither substantiate nor exclude a role for this gene in the tumor etiology.
Effect of low left ventricular ejection fractions on the outcome of primary coronary by-pass grafting in end-stage coronary artery disease. (1995)

Advanced ischemic heart disease (HID) with very low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), pulmonary hypertension (PHT) with or/without left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) are criteria for defining end-stage coronary artery disease (ESCAD). Coronary artery by-pass grafting is often denied to these patients. Between January 1990 and December 1993, 91 patients with ESCAD, significant 2 or 3-vessel disease (stenosis > or = 70%) and LVEF < or = 25% underwent primary CABG at our institutions. The mean age was 62.5 +/- 8.0 years (41-81), 89% were men. Eighty-one patients were in preoperative NYHA (New York Heart Association) functional class 3 and 4. Mean LVEF was 21.3 +/- 3.8% (10-25). Mitral regurgitation (MR) was present in 39/91 (43%). The systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) was 33.2 +/- 17.1 mmHg (11-75) and the wedge pressure was 19.0 +/- 10.8 mmHg (5-47). Twenty-two patients had significant PHT with a systolic PAP > or = 40 mmHg. The overall perioperative mortality was 14.3% (13/91). Low postoperative cardiac output occurred in 33 patients, requiring intraaortic balloon support in 13. Gastrointestinal complications occurred in 6 patients and neurological events in one. Fifteen patients had additional left ventricular aneurysm repair. There was a good correlation between LVEF and PAP (r = 0.782). Surprisingly, in a subset of patients with preoperative PHT and LVEF < or = 25% the mortality rate was only 4.6% (1/22). Other perioperative complications did not differ.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Anise-like Odor of Clitocybe odora, Lentinellus cochleatus and Agaricus essettei (2002)

The fruiting bodies of fresh and wild Clitocybe odora, Lentinellus cochleatus and Agaricus essettei were investigated for volatile compounds by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis using hydro-distillation and solvent extraction techniques. The three mushroom species are well known to possess anise odors. The main volatile compounds of the three species were aromatic derivatives. Anise fragrance was due either to a single impact aroma compound, or to mixtures of volatile constituents. p-Anisaldehyde was identified as the key odorous component responsible for the pure anise fragrance of C. odora. p-Anisaldehyde, methyl p-anisate, methyl (Z)-p-methoxycinnamate and methyl (E)-p-methoxycinnamate were responsible for the aniseed smell of L. cochleatus. Benzaldehyde and benzyl alcohol may contribute to the anise-like odor of A. essettei.
The evolving role of radiation therapy as treatment for liver metastases (2022)

Liver metastases occur commonly in many solid malignancies. With advances in systemic therapies and increased life expectancy, the role of using local therapies in oligo-metastases is rapidly increasing. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is an emerging precision therapy that is being used more frequently in the treatment for unresectable liver metastases. This review focuses on the role of SBRT for liver metastases, principles of treatment, clinical outcomes, toxicity, and optimal patient selection.
Minimized power consumption for scan-based BIST (2003)

Power consumption of digital systems may increase significantly during testing. In this paper, systems equipped with a scan-based built-in self-test like the STUMPS architecture are analyzed, the modules and modes with the highest power consumption are identified, and design modifications to reduce power consumption are proposed. The design modifications include some gating logic for masking the scan path activity during shifting, and the synthesis of additional logic for suppressing random patterns which do not contribute to increase the fault coverage. These design changes reduce power consumption during BIST by several orders of magnitude, at very low cost in terms of area and performance.
Internationalization patterns and the evolution of multinational companies: comparing Japan, Korea, China and India (2016)

We consider past and present trends in the internationalization patterns of Japanese multinational companies (JMNCs) and compare them against the experience of Korean and Chinese MNCs. The analysis assesses the relevance of recent changes in the nature of the global economy and multinational business organization, and reviews insights from established theories of international business. We call for a reassessment of the assumed decline of Japanese multinationals and fuller consideration of areas of continuing strength.
Implications of Attorney Experiences with Digital Forensics and Electronic Evidence in the United States (2008)

The experiences of lawyers with electronic evidence and digital forensics are examined. The assessment indicates disparate experiences based on case type as to 1) the use of different types of electronic evidence, 2) disputes over that use and 3) utilization of digital forensics experts. Further study indicates use of electronic evidence continues to increase, from which we infer increased challenges to the reliability of digital forensic testimony.
Robust enzyme immobilizates for industrial isomalt production (2017)

The isomerization of sucrose to isomaltulose for the production of isomalt using the enzyme sucrose isomerase (SI) [EC5.4.99.11] is a known industrial process preferably using immobilized biocatalysts. We describe a novel immobilization method that has been developed to overcome disadvantages of current immobilization techniques and to meet todaýs industrial requirements. Current methods are primarily very process specific and often suffer from scale-up limitations, thus preventing their industrial use. We demonstrate, that industrially already established processes can be replaced by cost-effective formulation technologies comprising of only a few process steps for producing the heterogeneous biocatalyst. Feasibility studies simulating industrial process conditions show that the granules provide good activity and sucrose conversion enabling their application in a fixed-bed reactor.
New developments in the management of achondroplasia (2020)

Achondroplasia is the most common form of disproportionate short stature. A dominantly inherited FGFR3 mutation permanently activates the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) and its downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway. This inhibits chondrocyte differentiation and puts a break on growth plate function, in addition to causing serious medical complications such as foramen magnum and spinal stenosis and upper airway narrowing. A great deal has been learned about complications and consequences of FGFR3 activation and management guidance is evolving aimed to reduce the increased mortality and morbidity in this condition, particularly deaths from spinal cord compression and sleep apnoea in infants and small children. To date, no drugs are licensed for treatment of achondroplasia. Here, we report on the various substances in the drug development pipeline which target elements in molecular disease mechanism such as FGF (fibroblast growth factor) ligands, FGFR3, MAPK signalling as well as the C‑type natriuretic peptide receptor NPR‑B (natriuretic peptide receptor B).
Additive Effects of Alcohols and Polyols on Thermostability of Pepper Leaf Extracts (2007)

Chemical chaperones (CC) are plant stress-related compounds that can stabilize protein structure in adverse environments. Modes of action are thought to involve hydrogen bonding, primarily with the solvent, and hydrophobic stabilization of the protein core. The objective of this study was to determine structure–function relationships between CC (and structurally related compounds) and thermal stability of pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) leaf proteins. Both polarity [based on log Kow (the oil–water partition coefficient)] and capacity for hydrogen bonding (based on the number of OH groups) contributed to whether low-molecular-weight alcohols and polyols stabilized or destabilized proteins at elevated temperatures. Thermal stability increased with increasing number of OH groups at a fixed number of carbon atoms per molecule. Conversely, thermal stability decreased with increasing number of carbon atoms with a fixed number of OH groups. When CC solution concentrations were adjusted to the same concentration of OH groups (1.51 × 10 22 OH groups per milliliter), protein thermal stability increased with increasing CC polarity. Mixtures of different CC had additive effects on increasing protein thermostability, but mixtures of stabilizing (mannitol) and destabilizing (methanol) compounds negated each other. As a strategy for increasing plant thermotolerance, identification and removal of destabilizing compounds should be equally effective as increasing levels of stabilizers in protecting protein conformation at elevated temperatures.
Using Deep Learning to Deconvolute Complex Spectra for Hyperspectral Imaging Applications (2019)

Journal Article Using Deep Learning to Deconvolute Complex Spectra for Hyperspectral Imaging Applications Get access Samantha Rudinsky, Samantha Rudinsky Department of Materials Engineering, McGill University. Montreal, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yu Yuan, Yu Yuan Department of Materials Engineering, McGill University. Montreal, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Francis B Lavoie, Francis B Lavoie Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnological Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke. Sherbrooke, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Raynald Gauvin, Raynald Gauvin Department of Materials Engineering, McGill University. Montreal, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ryan Gosselin, Ryan Gosselin Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnological Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke. Sherbrooke, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Nadi Braidy, Nadi Braidy Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnological Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke. Sherbrooke, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Nicolas Piché, Nicolas Piché Object Research Systems. Montreal, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mike Marsh Mike Marsh Object Research Systems. Denver, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 25, Issue S2, 1 August 2019, Pages 178–179, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927619001624 Published: 01 August 2019
A Selective Removal of Benzyl Protecting Groups in Arylphosphate Esters with Bromotrimethylsilane (1992)

Abstract Bromotrimethylsilane (BTMS) is shown to be an effectively selective reagent for the debenzylation of dibenzyl arylphosphate esters to give the corresponding arylphosphate acids and does not affect other functional groups also present in the molecular structure.
Effects of daily treatment with acid suppressants for stress ulcer prophylaxis on risk of ventilator-associated events (2019)

We estimated no effect of daily PPI versus daily H2RA on risk of mortality or extubation alive in critically ill patients. Further investigation with larger samples is warranted for PVAP and IVAC.
Stereochemistry of macrolides. II. Crystal structure of p-bromobenzoylpikromycin. (1977)

In order to elucidate the stereochemistry of 14-membered macrolactone, an X-ray crystal structural analysis of p-bromobenzoylpikromycin (C35H50O9NBr·H2O) was carried out. The crystals are monoclinic with space group P21 and unit cell dimensions of a=19.027 (9) Å, b=14.876 (5) Å, c=7.148 (3) Å, β=108.97 (8)°, Z=2. The crystal structure was solved by the heavy-atom method and refined by the block-diagonal least-squares method including anisotropic thermal parameters to a final R value of 0.118. The absolute configuration of pikromycin was determined on the D-desosamine moiety to be 2R, 4R, 5S, 6S, 8R, 12S, 13R, and 10E. A new "diamond lattice"conformation model D for p-bromobenzoylpikromycin is proposed based on the result of X-ray analysis.
Toward a Regional Phosphorus (Re)cycle in the US Midwest (2019)

Redirecting anthropogenic waste phosphorus (P) flows from receiving water bodies to high P demand agricultural fields requires a resource management approach that integrates biogeochemistry, agronomy, engineering, and economics. In the US Midwest, agricultural reuse of P recovered from spatially colocated waste streams stands to reduce point-source P discharges, meet agricultural P needs, and-depending on the speciation of recovered P-mitigate P losses from agriculture. However, the speciation of P recovered from waste streams via its chemical transformation-referred to here as recovered P (rP) differs markedly based on waste stream composition and recovery method, which can further interact with soil and crop characteristics of agricultural sinks. The solubility of rP presents key tensions between engineered P recovery and agronomic reuse because it defines both the ability to remove organic and inorganic P from aqueous streams and the crop availability of rP. The potential of rP generation and composition differs greatly among animal, municipal, and grain milling waste streams due to the aqueous speciation of P and presence of coprecipitants. Two example rP forms, phytin and struvite, engage in distinct biogeochemical processes on addition to soils that ultimately influence crop uptake and potential losses of rP. These processes also influence the fate of nitrogen (N) embodied in rP. The economics of rP generation and reuse will determine if and which rP are produced. Matching rP species to appropriate agricultural systems is critical to develop sustainable and financially viable regional exchanges of rP from wastewater treatment to agricultural end users.
Modulations of mirroring activity by desire for social connection and relevance of movement (2014)

Mirroring neurons fire both when an individual moves and observes another move in kind.This simulation of others movements is thought to effortlessly and ubiquitously support empathetic connection and social understanding.However, at times this could be maladaptive.How could a boxer mirror a losing opponents expressions of fatigue, feeling his weariness, precisely when strength is required?Clearly, the boxer must emotionally disconnect from his opponent and those expressions of fatigue must become irrelevant and not mirrored.But, movements that inform of his opponents intentions to deliver an incoming blow are quite relevant and still should require mirroring.We tested these dimensions of emotional connectedness and relevance of movement in an electroencephalography experiment, where participants desires to socially connect with a confederate were manipulated.Before manipulation, all participants mirrored the confederates purely kinematic (a hand opening and closing) and goal-directed (a hand opening and closing around a token that the participant desired) hand movements.After manipulation, unfairly treated subjects ceased to mirror the purely kinematic movements but continued to mirror goal-relevant movements.Those treated fairly continued to mirror all movements.The results suggest that social mirroring can be adaptive in order to meet the demands of a varied social environment.