gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Olefin Metathesis Catalyst Supported by a Hemilabile NHC Ligand Bearing Polyether Arms: Structure, Activity, and Decomposition (2020)

An olefin metathesis catalyst (<b>8</b>) bearing a hemilabile N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand with four methoxyethoxy arms was synthesized and analyzed by X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. The solid-state structure of the catalyst reveals that one of the aromatic rings is rotated toward the plane of the NHC heterocycle, which enables one ortho-O→Ru coordination. Ring-closing metathesis (RCM) activity was tested at low catalyst loadings. Catalyst <b>8</b> was found to display a significant rate enhancement relative to the commercial catalyst <b>3</b> but offered no improvement in turnover numbers (TON). The solid-state structure of the catalyst's major degradation product (<b>9</b>) in the presence of 1-hexene reveals a dinuclear compound containing a bridging methylidene (Ru-CH<sub>2</sub>-Ru), indicating that the methoxyethoxy arms may not be strong enough to stabilize the (NHC)RuCl<sub>2</sub>(=CH<sub>2</sub>) catalyst resting state.
Neural Reinforcement Learning Controllers for a Real Robot Application (2007)

Accurate and fast control of wheel speeds in the presence of noise and nonlinearities is one of the crucial requirements for building fast mobile robots, as they are required in the MiddleSize League of RoboCup. We will describe, how highly effective speed controllers can be learned from scratch on the real robot directly. The use of our recently developed neural fitted Q iteration scheme allows reinforcement learning of neural controllers with only a limited amount of training data seen. In the described application, less than 5 minutes of interaction with the real robot were sufficient, to learn fast and accurate control to arbitrary target speeds.
Apicidin Induces Apoptosis via Cytochrome c-Mediated Intrinsic Pathway in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells (2009)

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are a promising class of anticancer agents that inhibit cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Previous report has shown that apicidin inhibited SK-OV-3 cells proliferation and down-regulation of cyclin B1 and CDK1, and up-regulation of <TEX>$p21^{WAF1}$</TEX> and p27. However, the mechanism of apicidin-mediated apoptotic cell death is not clearly understood. For this study, we investigated the mechanism of apoptotic pathway induced by apicidin in human ovarian cancer cell. We found that SK-OV-3 cells treated with apicidin caused an increase in the percentage of cells in the G2/M phase, which preceded apoptosis characterized by the appearance of cells with sub-G1 population. To further investigate the mechanism of apoptosis induction by apicidin, we measured TUNEL assay, poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage, and caspase activity in SK-OV-3 cells treated with apicidin for 48 h. Apicidin significantly enhanced apoptosis as measured by TUNEL positive apoptotic cells, PARP cleavage, and increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Induction of apoptosis was confirmed by the release of cytochrome c to cytosol. Our data suggest that apicidin-induced apoptosis in SK-OV-3 cells was accompanied by caspase-3 activation and the increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. These data suggest that apicidin may be effective in the treatment of ovarian cancer through activation of intrinsic apoptotic pathway.
Applications of Rabin Automata (2001)

Rabin automata have applications in many areas of mathematics and computer science. In this chapter our goal is to show how results about Rabin automata can be applied to prove that some theories of well-studied mathematical structures are decidable. This chapter consists of ten sections. The first four sections introduce the notions of algebraic structure, the monadic second order logic, the truth of formulas in algebraic structures, isomorphisms, and theories of classes of structures. Section 5 is devoted to proving that the monadic second order theory of two successor functions, known as S2S, is decidable. In particular, the section shows the relationship between definable relations in the monadic second order logic of two successors and languages accepted by Rabin automata.
Fecal Microbiota Transplant in Pediatric Solid Organ Transplant Recipients (2023)

In this limited series, efficacy of FMT in pediatric SOT is comparable to efficacy in the general pediatric recurrent CDI population. There may be an increased risk of procedure-related SAE in SOT patients and larger cohort studies are needed.
5-HT7 Receptors (2004)

Following the cloning of the 5-HT(7) receptor in 1993, studies to investigate 5-HT(7) receptor function in native tissues focused on identifying functional correlates that matched the pharmacological profile determined for the cloned receptor. Studies in peripheral tissues established that the 5-HT(7) receptor mediates the relaxation of smooth muscle, including the gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular systems. Although a number of studies provided preliminary evidence for a role for the 5-HT(7) receptor in the circadian pacemaker function of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), additional studies to investigate 5-HT(7) receptor function in other brain regions have, until recently, been hindered by the absence of 5-HT(7) receptor-selective ligands. More recently, a number of 5-HT(7) receptor-selective antagonists including, SB-269970-A and SB-656104-A have been developed. Studies utilising these compounds suggest that the 5-HT(7) receptor modulates neuronal function in a number of brain areas including the hippocampus and thalamus. In turn, these findings suggest that 5-HT(7) receptor-selective ligands might prove therapeutically useful for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. In this respect there is increasing evidence to suggest that the 5-HT(7) receptor plays a role in the control of both circadian rhythms and sleep and might therefore represent a therapeutic target for the treatment of those disorders in which disturbances in circadian rhythms and sleep architecture are thought to be contributory factors. Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that the receptor may play a role in other CNS disorders including, anxiety, cognitive disturbances and also migraine probably via both peripheral and central mechanisms. Although further studies are required to confirm the potential role of the receptor in such disorders, findings to date suggest there are exciting opportunities for the development of novel therapeutic agents acting either selectively at the 5-HT(7) receptor or whose profile of action includes an interaction with this receptor.
Oxidations of primary alcohols with a copper(II) complex as a possible galactose oxidase model (1986)

N,N′-(2-Hydroxy-propane-1,3-diyl)bis(salicylaldiminato)copper(II) was found to be an effective catalyst for the oxidation of ethanol, n-propanol, or hydroxyacetone in the presence of KOH under O2; the X-ray crystal structure shows that the co-ordination geometry of the copper is significantly distorted toward tetrahedral from square planar with two oxygens and two nitrogens from salicyladimine moieties.
Synthesis of Methyl-O-4,6-methylene-D-mannopyranoside by Transacetalisation Reaction from Dimethoxymethane (1990)

Abstract Lithium bromide assisted transacetalisation of methyl-α-D-mannopyranoside (3) with dimethoxymethane led to the title compound (4) in moderate yield. Compound 4 is a new and stable monoacetal which is formed to the exclusion of the expected corresponding diacetal (5) or the rearranged diacetal (6).
Proprioceptors and Models of Transduction (2015)

Even when deprived of exteroceptive sensory information such as vision and touch, we are aware of the posture and motion of our bodies (kinaesthesia) and the amount of effort being exerted by our muscles.
Peer and Teacher Preference, Student-Teacher Relationships, Student Ethnicity, and Peer Victimization in Elementary School. (2016)

This research was supported, in part, by a grant from the National Institute for Mental Health (5R44MH07071-03) awarded to Dr. Melissa E. DeRosier. Additional support comes from an Institute of Education Sciences post-doctoral fellowship training award to the University of Florida (R324B1200002). The research was conducted at 3-C Institute. The authors thank the staff and students of the Wake County Public School System in North Carolina for their cooperation and support in the implementation of this research project. In addition, the authors thank Drs. Janey McMillen, Natalie O'Brian, and Melanie Wilson for their invaluable efforts as project coordinators, as well as the many interns of the 3-C Institute for their assistance in successfully completing this research project.
Sensory and Analytical Characterisation of Reduced, Isomerised Hop Extracts and Their Influence and Use in Beer (2002)

The use of reduced, isomerised hop extracts became very popular during the last decade in terms of achieving both better foam and light stability. Today the most common products are those with tetra-hydro-iso-α-acids (THIA) or rho-iso-α-acids (RHIA). There is still not clarity concerning the taste properties of these products in comparison with iso-α-acid Bitter Units (BU). The experiments conducted showed that the bitter conversion factors determined in previous work (1.6 for THIA and 0.7 for RHIA) represented only perceived bitterness when presented in tap water. In the test beers a bitter conversion factor of 1.0–1.1 for THIA was determined and the factor of 0.7 for RHIA in beer was confirmed. Photometric methods led to considerable deviations when used for the determination of THIA and RHIA, whereas the HPLC method, in combination with either Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) or Liquid Liquid Extraction (LLE), led to very good results. RHIA was found to have a foam stabilising effect and it was also shown that the foam stabilising effect of THIA in unhopped beer was higher than in hopped beer. The quality of bitterness decreased with an increase of THIA and RHIA. A dependency on the alcohol content in regard to the bitter intensity was ascertained.
Blood–brain barrier permeability measured by contrast‐enhanced MRI in early Alzheimer’s disease (2020)

Abstract Background The importance of vascular integrity in the context of neurodegeneration and specifically Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is increasingly recognized. It has been shown that Blood‐brain barrier (BBB) breakdown in the hippocampus correlates with functional impairment independent of AD pathology. The aim of this study is to investigate BBB permeability in early stages of the AD continuum including subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Method Study participants were characterized according to the appropriate research criteria and categorized as normal controls (NC), individuals with SCD and mild cognitive impairment due to AD (MCI‐AD). Besides a clinical and neuropsychological assessment, the participants underwent structural magnet resonance imaging (MRI), ApoE genotyping and lumbar puncture. AD pathology was examined in accordance to the ATN‐system. Dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) MRI T1 mapping and Patlak analysis using Rocketship software were employed to assess BBB permeability changes. Result Seventy‐one participants were included (NC = 18, SCD = 36, MCI‐AD = 17). The average age of the cohort was 75 years and the sample consisted of 41% females. The median MMSE scores were 30 for NC and SCD and 27 for the MCI‐AD group. Amyloid pathology, measured in the CSF, was detected in 11% of the NC group (n = 2), 58 % of SCD (n = 21) and 29% of MCI/AD (n = 5). Bilateral BBB dysfunction was identified in 44% of NC (n = 8), in 31% of SCD (n = 11) and 24% of MCI‐AD (n = 4), additionally unilateral BBB dysfunction has been identified in 22% of NC (n = 4), 25% of SCD (n = 9) and 41% of MCI‐AD (n = 7). Conclusion By using DCE MRI T1 mapping a surprisingly high proportion of increased BBB permeability in the hippocampus can be detected across all groups. Detailed analyzes will reveal the impact of BBB permeability on cognitive function in SCD.
The Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) Vector TLV (2009)

community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.
The SAGA HAT module is tethered by its SWIRM domain and modulates activity of the SAGA DUB module (2023)

The SAGA (Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase) complex is a transcriptional co-activator that both acetylates and deubiquitinates histones. The histone acetyltransferase (HAT) subunit, Gcn5, is part of a subcomplex of SAGA called the HAT module. A minimal HAT module complex containing Gcn5 bound to Ada2 and Ada3 is required for full Gcn5 activity on nucleosomes. Deletion studies have suggested that the Ada2 SWIRM domain plays a role in tethering the HAT module to the remainder of SAGA. While recent cryo-EM studies have resolved the structure of the core of the SAGA complex, the HAT module subunits and molecular details of its interactions with the SAGA core could not be resolved. Here we show that the SWIRM domain is required for incorporation of the HAT module into the yeast SAGA complex, but not the ADA complex, a distinct six-protein acetyltransferase complex that includes the SAGA HAT module proteins. In the isolated Gcn5/Ada2/Ada3 HAT module, deletion of the SWIRM domain modestly increased activity but had negligible effect on nucleosome binding. Loss of the HAT module due to deletion of the SWIRM domain decreases the H2B deubiquitinating activity of SAGA, indicating a role for the HAT module in regulating SAGA DUB module activity. A model of the HAT module created with Alphafold Multimer provides insights into the structural basis for our biochemical data, as well as prior deletion studies.
Critical Dimension and Image Placement Issues for Step and Flash Imprint Lithography Templates (2002)

Step and Flash Imprint Lithography (SFIL) is an attractive low-cost method for printing sub-100 nm geometries. Relative to other imprinting processes, SFIL has the advantage that the template is transparent thereby facilitating conventional overlay techniques. In addition, the imprint process is performed at low pressures and room temperature, which minimizes magnification and distortion errors. Since SFIL is a 1X lithography technique, the template masks will require very good layer-to-layer overlay accuracy for multiple level device fabrication. To fabricate a transparent SFIL template, processing techniques familiar to existing binary phase shift mask fabrication are utilized. However, in order to fabricate the sub-100 nm features necessary for SFIL templates, thinner resist and chromium are necessary. Initial resolution tests have resulted in features sizes down to ~20 nm with the non-chemically amplified resist, ZEP520. Template to template overlay of <15 nm (mean + 3&sigma;) can be achieved if the template fabrication procedure consists of a single 1” template exposed in the center of a 6” &times; 6” &times; 0.25” quartz blank.
Renal transplantation from HBsAg positive donors to HBsAg negative recipients. (1988)

1 HBsAg+anti-HBeAg+ HBsAg-, anti-HBsAg-, anti-HBc+ rransient at 2-21/2 years No No 276 2 HBsAg+anti-HBeAg+ HBsAg-, anti-HBsAg-, anti-HBc+ Persistent from 1 year onwards No No 136 3 HBsAg+anti-HBeAg+ HBsAg-, anti-HBsAg-, anti-HBc-Persistent from 1 year onwards
Signal interpretation for monitoring and diagnosis, a cooling system testbed (2000)

This paper discusses a method for fault detection and isolation (FDI) in continuous dynamic systems. A key aspect of this approach is the coupling of a qualitative diagnosis engine and a monitoring system that computes symbolic feature values through a signal-to-symbol transformation on the continuously sampled measurement data. Signal analysis techniques with a sound statistical basis are employed to generate reliable symbolic data. The methodology is evaluated on the diagnosis of engineered faults in the cooling system of an automobile engine that has been instrumented with temperature and pressure sensors. Results show the interdependency between modeling for diagnosis and the feature extraction system.
Growth of atomically flat nanofilms and surface superstructures of intrinsic liquid alloys (2008)

Atomically flat nanofilms were formed during growth of Ga on a Si(111) surface using an In surfactant above the melting point of Ga (and In–Ga eutectic) throughout Ga coverages of 0.17 to 5 monolayers (0.17⩽ΘGa⩽5). Unique superstructures such as a quasisquare-lattice (QS) structure at ΘGa=3 to 4 and a 5×5 structure at ΘGa=5 appeared as ΘGa increased. The QS structure had Ga dimer layers similar to the square lattices of an alpha-Ga(100) plane but also maintained the 1×1 structure of Si(111). As dimer layers transformed into a monoatomic layer, QS transformed into a 5×5 structure that no longer has square features.
Antiulcer Drugs (2012)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Concepts 3. Drugs 3.1. Proton Pump Inhibitors 3.2. H 2 ‐Receptor Antagonists 3.3. Antacids 3.4. Miscellaneous Drugs 3.4.1. Prostaglandin Derivatives 3.4.2. Prokinetic Drugs 3.4.3. Antimuscarinic Drugs 3.4.4. Sucralfate 3.4.5. Bismuth Compounds 4. Prospect for Future Developments 4.1. Reversibly Binding Acid Pump Antagonists 4.2. Drugs Directed Against Helicobacter pylori 5. Relative Drug Assessment
Response Method in Audiometry (2007)

This study supports the use of the response button when measuring auditory thresholds for young adults with normal hearing.
Andrology Award 2015 (2016)

It is our great pleasure to announce the winner of the 2015 Andrology Award. The winning paper has been selected from all original studies published in Andrology within 2015 by the Board of Associate Editors and the Editors-in-Chief according to the previously set rules (Rajpert-De Meyts & Carrell, 2014). The award will be officially presented at the European Congress of Andrology in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, September 21–23, 2016. Julia Rohayem Sabine Kliesch The third year of the existence of Andrology was marked by an increase in submissions of very good articles; hence, it is now increasingly difficult to select one publication for the Andrology Award. Therefore, we would like to mention here two other excellent papers that have received scores very close to the winning paper and were nominated as best papers by some members of the editorial board. The first runner-up was a translational study from the Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, China, which reported changes of proteomic profile of human spermatozoa in obese patients (Liu et al., 2015). The second runner-up was a basic research study from the Wang-Swerdloff team at Harbor UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, California, which investigated chemotherapy-induced germ cell apoptosis in the rat model (Surampudi et al., 2015). We congratulate the winners and the runners-up and thank all the authors who have decided to publish their best work in Andrology. The future of our journal depends on your support.
Comparative dynamic studies of thick laminated composite shells based on higher-order theories (2002)

Here, the dynamic response characteristics of thick cross-ply laminated composite cylindrical shells are studied using a higher-order displacement model. The formulation accounts for the nonlinear variation of the in-plane and transverse displacements through the thickness, and abrupt discontinuity in slope of the in-plane displacements at any interface. The effect of inplane and rotary inertia terms is included. The analysis is carried out using finite element approach. The influences of various terms in the higher-order displacement field on the free vibrations, and transient dynamic response characteristics of cylindrical composite shells subjected to thermal and mechanical loads are analyzed.
Synthesis of (±)-Sordaricin (2004)

Abstract (±)-Sordaricin, the aglycon of antifungal sordarin, was synthesized starting from bicyclo[5.3.0]decan-3-one derivative. The strained bicyclo[2.2.1]heptene framework of sordaricin was constructed by the palladium-catalyzed intramolecular Tsuji–Trost reaction.
3-D Object Localization in Smart Homes: A Distributed Sensor and Video Mining Approach (2017)

Tracing objects in 3-D space provides information while can be used to analyze, model, predict, and recognize daily activities in the smart home environment. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for object localization in the smart home. Our proposed method does not require the use of sensors attached to objects, so in the data collection step, the objects may move freely in the home environment. Fuzzy logic techniques are utilized to model the localization information. Specifically, the proposed framework integrates the distributed information streams obtained from multiple sensors including the visual sensors. We discuss the use of robotic assistants as part of an integrated smart home environment. Simulation results indicate that the proposed solution provides improved localization performance over the state of the art methods and introduces an intuitively pleasing robot guiding solution.
A model of the coronary epicardial tree and intramyocardial circulation in normal and ischemic hearts (2003)

A dynamic electrical analog RC model describing the coronary circulation was developed to relate the epicardial flow to the corresponding regional perfusion. The model is based on the aortic driving pressure, the left ventricular pressure, the dominant anatomy, and the geometry (length, diameter) of the epicardial coronary arteries. The myocardial zone supplied by each artery is represented as three compartmental resistances and two capacitances, changing with time as a function of transmural pressure. The intramyocardial pressure affects the circulation by means of the myocardial capacitances. The system has the ability to autoregulate in response to increased flow demand or severe stenosis. This model is also capable of accounting for fixed or dynamic stenoses in the epicardial arterial segments, and the corresponding collaterals which may be added as a function of time and stenosis severity. Pressures and flow rates at each arterial segment and myocardial compartment are calculated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Bilateral retinal detachment after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (2020)

Key Points CAR T-cell targeting of leukemic infiltrates in the optic nerve and retina caused retinal detachment as a presentation of pseudoprogression. Treatment of this intraocular inflammation with intravitreal triamcinolone and orbital radiation led to marked improvement in visual acuity.