gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Five-Coordinate Stereochemistry (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFive-Coordinate StereochemistryE. L. Muetterties, W. Mahler, K. J. Packer, and R. SchmutzlerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1964, 3, 9, 1298–1303Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50019a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50019a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views299Altmetric-Citations183LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Beam Propagation Analysis of Modal Properties of Nonlinear Optical Waveguides (1988)

The beam-propagation method (BPM) is an accurate numerical procedure for describing the propagation of an arbitrary incoming optical field through a given optical system. The method can be based on either the full scalar-wave equation (Helmholtz equation) for the electric field, or on the Fresnel equation that is valid for paraxial field propagation. In this paper we adopt the more general, Helmholtz equation formalism. Although the numerical solution generated by BPM emphasizes the beam properties of the field, it contains implicitly all the information necessary for a complete description of the field in terms of modes. The Fourier transform of the field with respect to axial distance z at a single transverse point (x,y) yields the totality of all mode eigenvalues β n , including those that correspond to leaky or decaying modes. It is also possible to determine from a propagating-beam solution the weights of the modes. We have done it with the aid of a correlation function formed by multiplying the conjugate of the complex field amplitude at z = 0, and the complex field amplitude for arbitrary z and integrating over the waveguide cross section. The numerical Fourier transform with respect to z of the complex correlation function, applied in conjunction with digital-filtering techniques, has given us values for both the mode weights and eigenvalues. Furthermore, once the eigenvalues have been determined, the mode eigenfunctions could be computed by evaluating the Fourier transform of the field for β = β n .
Évolution du rôle des professionnels de santé dans le sevrage tabagique : stratégies marketing et bénéfice de santé publique (2019)

Le tabagisme est un enjeu de sante publique depuis plusieurs annees, car il est considere comme la premiere cause de mortalite evitable et la premiere cause de cancer evitable en France. En effet, la prise en charge des patients fumeurs peut s’averer etre longue et delicate, d’autant que l’efficacite du traitement depend comme pour tout medicament de l’observance du traitement mais aussi de la motivation et de la confiance du patient en ses capacites a arreter de fumer. L’objet de ce travail est de faire l’etat des lieux des moyens qui ont ete mis a disposition des fumeurs pour arreter de fumer avant 2014, et de voir comment les mesures gouvernementales concernant le sevrage tabagique, qui sont apparues entre 2014 et 2018, ont impacte le role des professionnels de sante, et ont permis de proposer un meilleur systeme de soins aux fumeurs mais egalement les benefices en termes de sante publique.
Spatio-Temporal Coupling between Neural Activity and Bold Response in Primary Visual Cortex (2010)

Neural activity in the brain is correlated with the blood-oxygen level dependent (BOLD) contrast which can be measured non-invasively by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Up to date, many fMRI analysis methods are based on simplifying assumptions about the BOLD signal. Two popular assumptions are spatial independence and homogeneity of the haemodynamic response function (HRF) across voxels. As single voxels usually are not independent and moreover also exhibit different haemodynamic response characteristics, these assumptions might lead astray interpretations of fMRI data. In this study we present an analysis framework that reveals the spatio-temporal correlation structure between simultaneously measured intracortical neurophysiological activity in primary visual cortex of the non-human primate and BOLD response. Given the spectrograms of neurophysiological activity and the simultaneously recorded BOLD data we compute a spatiotemporal convolution that links the activity measured at the electrode to the multivariate BOLD response. The convolution can be interpreted as the pattern in time-voxel space that reflects best the neural activity as it maximises the canonical correlation [1] between neural and haemodynamic activity. Inspection of the estimated time-voxel patterns yields new insights in the spatio-temporal dependency structure of neurovascular coupling mechanisms. This study thereby extends previous results reported in [2,3], where the convolution was a time-frequency convolution estimated for the neurophysiological activity. We show results from data collected during spontaneous activity and during visual stimulation. The analysis resulted in robust spatio-temporal coupling patterns across different experimental conditions. We compared the multivariate patterns with univariate coupling measures and spatial principal component analysis (SPCA), a popular method for connectivity analysis on fMRI data. Our findings suggest that neither univariate methods nor unimodal methods such as SPCA, which are based on autocorrelations of fMRI data only, can recover the multivariate spatio-temporal coupling structure in primary visual cortex.
Dexamethasone suppression test in severe schizophrenic illness: Effects of plasma dexamethasone and caffeine levels (1987)

A dexamethasone suppression test (DST) was administered to 31 inpatients with a severe acute schizophrenic exacerbation 4 or 5 days following admission and repeated after 4 weeks or prior to discharge. We identified 15 patients (48%) who were nonsuppressors on the DST at the first test. To exclude major confounders of DST results we monitored weight constancy and plasma concentrations of dexamethasone. In a subgroup of patients also plasma caffeine contents were determined. Our results indicate that DST nonsuppression occurs frequently among patients with schizophrenic crisis. Since caffeine plasma levels were indistinguishable between suppressors and nonsuppressors we reject that excessive caffeine intake accounts for DST nonsuppression among individuals with schizophrenia. Nonsuppressors had lower plasma dexamethasone levels than suppressors and reversal of the DST status from nonsuppression to suppression was associated with an increase of plasma concentrations of the test drug.
<title>Optical Design And Performance Of A Dual-Grating, Direct-Reading Spectrograph For Spectrochemical Analyses</title> (1980)

An all-mirror optical system is used to direct the light from a variety of spectroscopic sources to two 2-m spectrographs that are placed on either side of a sturdy vertical mounting plate. The gratings were chosen so that the first spectrograph covers the ultraviolet spectral region, and the second spectrograph covers the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared regions. With the over 2.5 m of focal curves, each ultraviolet line is available at more than one place. Thus, problems with close lines can be overcome. The signals from a possible maximum of 256 photoelectric detectors go to a small computer for reading and calculation of the element abundances. To our knowledge, no other direct-reading spectrograph has more than about 100 fixed detectors. With an inductively-coupled-plasma source, our calibration curves, and detection limits, are similar to those of other workers using a direct-reading spectrograph.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor‐related hypophysitis and endocrine dysfunction: clinical review (2016)

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a new and effective class of cancer therapy, with ipilimumab being the most established drug in this category. The drugs' mechanism of action includes promoting the effector T cell response to tumours and therefore increased autoimmunity is a predictable side effect. The endocrine effects of these drugs include hypophysitis and thyroid dysfunction, with rare reports of adrenalitis. The overall incidence of hypophysitis with these medications is up to 9%. Primary thyroid dysfunction occurs in up to 15% of patients, with adrenalitis reported in approximately 1%. The mean onset of endocrine side effects is 9 weeks after initiation (range 5-36 weeks). Investigation and/or screening for hypophysitis requires biochemical and radiological assessment. Hypopituitarism is treated with replacement doses of deficient hormones. Since the endocrine effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors are classed as toxic adverse events, most authors recommend both discontinuation of the immune checkpoint inhibiting medication and 'high-dose' glucocorticoid treatment. However, this has been challenged by some authors, particularly if the endocrine effects can be managed (e.g. pituitary hormone deficiency), and the therapy is proving effective as an anticancer agent. This review describes the mechanism of action of immune checkpoint inhibitors and details the key clinical endocrine-related consequences of this novel class of immunotherapies.
Susceptibility of Selected Inland Salmonids to Experimentally Induced Infections withMyxobolus cerebralis, the Causative Agent of Whirling Disease (1999)

Laboratory exposures to the infectious stages (triactinomyxons) of Myxobolus cerebralis demonstrated a range of susceptibility to whirling disease among four species of inland salmonids. Replicate groups of each species were exposed to two concentrations of triactinomyxons, a low dose (100–200 per fish) and a high dose (1,000–2,000 per fish). Exposed fish were evaluated for clinical signs, for severity of microscopic lesions at 35 d, 2 and 5 months, and for spore concentrations in the head cartilage at 5 months. A standard strain of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss matched for age served as a susceptible species control. Rainbow trout, westslope cutthroat trout O. clarki lewisi, Yellowstone cutthroat trout O. clarki bouvieri, and bull trout Salvelinus confluentus were susceptible to M. cerebralis infections. Clinical signs, including radical swimming (“whirling”) and black tails, were observed at 7 weeks postexposure among rainbow and cutthroat trout challenged at 3 weeks of age. Clinical signs were rare among bull trout exposed at an age of 4 weeks and absent among rainbow and cutthroat trout exposed at 3 months posthatch. Most rainbow, cutthroat, and bull trout were found to be infected when examined at 5 months postexposure. The most severe microscopic lesions among infected fish at 5 months postexposure were found among rainbow trout. Cutthroat trout had less severe lesions, bull trout had mild infections, and no evidence of infection was found among Arctic grayling Thymallus arcticus. Mean spore concentrations among infected fish correlated with the severity of microscopic lesion scores. Rainbow trout had mean concentrations of spores in head cartilage reaching 106, whereas more resistant species such as bull trout had 104 spores; no spores were found among Arctic grayling at 5 months postexposure.
Influence of N‐terminus modifications on the biological activity, membrane interaction, and secondary structure of the antimicrobial peptide hylin‐a1 (2010)

Recently the peptide Hy-a1 (IFGAILPLALGALKNLIK), with antimicrobial activity, was isolated from the skin secretion of the frog Hypsiboas albopunctatus. The aim of the present work was to evaluate four analogues with introduction of acetyl group, Asp or Lys at the N-terminus of antimicrobial peptide Hy-al to supply information about the relationship of structure-biological activity. The antimicrobial activities were assayed by measuring growth inhibition of four species of bacteria and four species of fungus. The hemolytic activity was also tested. The peptide containing Trp instead of Leu in position 6 (for fluorescence studies) presented MIC values comparable to wild type sequence: 32 μmol L(-1) , 32 μmol L(-1) , 8 μmol L(-1) , and 2 μmol L(-1) for E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and B. subtilis, respectively. Two peptides with this modification and containing one acetyl group or Asp residue at the N-terminal region showed activities only against Gram-positive bacteria. Different results were observed when the residue added was Lys. In this case, the activity against the microorganisms was sustained or increased. Conformational properties were investigated by CD techniques in water, TFE, and in zwitterionic micelles (LPC). The CD experiments demonstrated that, in water, the peptides had a random structure, but in TFE and LPC solutions they acquired an ordered structure, composed mainly by α-helix. However, these data have no relationship with activity against Gram-positive bacteria. These results showed that the N-terminal region of the peptide Hy-a1 has key roles in its antibacterial action toward different types of bacteria.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 2‐HYDRAZINO‐ AND 2‐AMINO‐1,3,4‐THIADIAZINES CONTAINING RESIDUES OF POLYHYDRIC PHENOLS IN POSITION 5 (1976)

Abstract Die Umsetzung von Hydroxyphenacylhalogeniden (I) mit Thiosemicarbaziden und Thiocarbohydraziden (II) liefert Thiadiazine (III).
Sorting continuous-time signals and the analog median filter (2000)

Continuous time signals can be meaningfully "sorted," or rearranged, leading to precise formulations of analog median filters and other variants of ranked order filters. The proposed interpretation leads to a broader view of the analog median and related filters and provides a framework for discussing the correct definitions in spaces such as L/sub 1/ or L/sub 2/ and certain issues regarding continuity and root signals.
Applicability of Standardized Network RTK Message for Surveying Rovers (2003)

Standardization of RTCM SC104 Network RTK is in progress. Several proposals based on the same concept of correction differences as initially described for the Mas-ter-Auxiliary concept in Euler et al. (2001) have been put forward. However, the variations of those proposals are minor and an agreed RTCM SC104 message draft is within reach. The potential of the Master-Auxiliary concept has been proven for actual rover applications in a reference station network in Euler and Zebhauser (2003). Initial feasibility and applicability of the concept was shown using a dis-tance dependent weighting method to interpolate the cor-rection terms applied to the observations. However, the data used in that analysis was collected under special conditions representing an extreme situation. In this paper the results of tests with data collected under more representative conditions is presented. In addition to the distance dependent method of interpolating correction differences, a more sophisticated approach based on a plane surface is investigated. The results demonstrate that applying interpolated correc-tion differences significantly reduces double difference phase biases. The tests also show that the interpolation method based on a plane surface produces superior results when compared to distance dependent weighting.
A Unified Approach to Optimizing Performance in Networks Serving Heterogeneous Flows (2010)

We study the optimal control of communication networks in the presence of heterogeneous traffic requirements. Specifically, we distinguish the flows into two crucial classes: inelastic for modeling high-priority, delay-sensitive, and fixed-throughput applications; and elastic for modeling low-priority, delay-tolerant, and throughput-greedy applications. We note that the coexistence of such diverse flows creates complex interactions at multiple levels (e.g., flow and packet levels), which prevent the use of earlier design approaches that dominantly assume homogeneous traffic. In this work, we develop the mathematical framework and novel design methodologies needed to support such heterogeneous requirements and propose provably optimal network algorithms that account for the multilevel interactions between the flows. To that end, we first formulate a network optimization problem that incorporates the above throughput and service prioritization requirements of the two traffic types. We, then develop a distributed joint load-balancing and congestion control algorithm that achieves the dual goal of maximizing the aggregate utility gained by the elastic flows while satisfying the fixed throughput and prioritization requirements of the inelastic flows. Next, we extend our joint algorithm in two ways to further improve its performance: in delay through a virtual queue implementation with minimal throughput degradation and in utilization by allowing for dynamic multipath routing for elastic flows. A unique characteristic of our proposed dynamic routing solution is the novel two-stage queueing architecture it introduces to satisfy the service prioritization requirement.
Fabrication and Surface Functionalization of Nanoporous Gold by Electrochemical Alloying/Dealloying of Au–Zn in an Ionic Liquid, and the Self‐Assembly of L‐Cysteine Monolayers (2005)

Abstract This paper describes a totally electrochemical process for the fabrication and functionalization of high‐surface‐area, nanoporous gold films. The fabrication process involves the electrodeposition of a binary gold–zinc alloy at gold wires, followed by subsequent electrochemical dealloying of the less noble component zinc from the surface. Both the deposition and dealloying steps are conducted in a single low‐temperature bath of 40.0–60.0 mol‐% zinc chloride–1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid at 120 °C without using any other corrosive acids or bases. The porous structure and morphology of the nanostructured gold film could be controlled by electrochemical variation of the composition of the Au–Zn surface alloy. It is demonstrated that the nanoporous gold surface can be successfully functionalized with self‐assembled monolayers of L ‐cysteine. Such functionalization greatly improves the utility of the nanoporous gold, as is demonstrated in the sensitive and selective determination of Cu( II ).
Anticipatory Mobile Computing (2015)

Today’s mobile phones are far from the mere communication devices they were 10 years ago. Equipped with sophisticated sensors and advanced computing hardware, phones can be used to infer users’ location, activity, social setting, and more. As devices become increasingly intelligent, their capabilities evolve beyond inferring context to predicting it, and then reasoning and acting upon the predicted context. This article provides an overview of the current state of the art in mobile sensing and context prediction paving the way for full-fledged anticipatory mobile computing. We present a survey of phenomena that mobile phones can infer and predict, and offer a description of machine learning techniques used for such predictions. We then discuss proactive decision making and decision delivery via the user-device feedback loop. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities of anticipatory mobile computing.
Magnetic study of texture in multifilamentary (Bi, Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+x tapes: Evidence for anisotropic orientation (2000)

We present a simple method allowing the determination of the degree of texture of superconducting grains inside Ag-sheathed (Bi, Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+x tapes from a set of magnetic measurements. This procedure is based on the considerable anisotropy existing between the in-plane and out-of-plane critical current densities of individual crystallites in Bi-based superconducting compounds. By this method, we have monitored the evolution of the precursor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+y grain texturing in unreacted multifilamentary tapes in the course of the cold rolling deformation process. Evidence for anisotropic texturing, i.e., different longitudinal and transversal angle with respect to the rolling direction, has been observed. The accuracy of the method is discussed and the results compared with the current literature.
Depression Treatment in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease (2013)

After an acute coronary syndrome, depression often spontaneously remitted without treatment. Post-acute coronary syndrome persistence of depression predicted adverse coronary artery disease outcomes. Antidepressant and/or psychotherapy, particularly as part of the Coronary Psychosocial Evaluation Studies intervention, may improve prognosis in persistent depression among post-acute coronary syndrome patients. Noradrenergic antidepressants should be prescribed cautiously in patients with coronary artery disease.
Effects of selective agonists and antagonists for A1 or A2A adenosine receptors on sleep-waking patterns in rats (1996)

There is evidence that adenosine may participate in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness in the mammalian central nervous system. To understand whether the adenosine receptor subtypes, A1 and A2A, are involved in the modulation of sleep and waking, we carried out electroencephalographic (EEG) studies in the rat using selective agonists and antagonists for either receptor. EEG activity was recorded for 6 h after intraperitoneal administration of drugs, and the stages of wakefulness, rapid eye movements (REM) sleep and non-REM sleep were classified thereafter. The dose-response effects of the A1 agonist, 2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA), and the A2A agonist, 2-hexynyl-5′-N-ethylcarboxamido-adenosine (2HE-NECA), were examined. Both drugs, CCPA (0.003–0.03 mg/kg) and 2HE-NECA (0.03–0.3 mg/kg), given at a dose range known to be effective pharmacologically did not significantly modify the sleep patterns in the whole recording period. We have also studied the effects of the selective A1 antagonist, 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthyne (DPCPX), and the A2A antagonist, 7-(2-phenylethyl)-5-amino-2-(2-furyl)-pyrazolo-[4,3-c]-1,2,4,-triazolo-[1,5-c]-pyrimidine (5CH 58261). The results obtained with antagonists were compared with those of two non-selective adenosine antagonists, caffeine (10 mg/kg) and 9-chloro-2-(2-furyl)-5,6-dihydro-[1,2,4]-triazolo-[1,5-c]-quinazolin-5-imine (CGS 15943). Like caffeine, both CGS 15943 (0.3–10 mg/kg) and SCH 58261 (0.3–10 mg/kg), at the highest dose, increased wakefulness, while DPCPX (0.3–10 mg/kg) did not affect sleep parameters. The data indicate that potent and selective adenosine agonists have little or no effect on sleep states in the rat, while using adenosine antagonists it seems that A2A receptors are primarily involved in the modulation of wakefulness. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Ultra-Widely Tunable, Narrow Linewidth Picosecond Fiber-Optical Parametric Oscillator (2010)

We demonstrate a picosecond fiber-optical parametric oscillator with an ultrawide tuning range pumped by a relatively low-cost intensity-modulated pump. The tuning range of the oscillator is from 1320 to 1520 nm and from 1580 to 1820 nm, which is as wide as 440 nm, with a wavelength span of 500 nm. A 40-m dispersion-shifted fiber is employed inside a cavity as the parametric gain medium. In the wavelength region from 1320 to 1395 nm and from 1720 to 1820 nm, the linewidth of the sideband is less than 1 nm without the use of any wavelength-selective element inside the cavity. Pulses with pulsewidths from 7 to 17 ps are generated.