gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamical Effects of the Martensitic Transition in Magnetocaloric Heusler Alloys from DirectΔTadMeasurements under Different Magnetic-Field-Sweep Rates (2016)

Solid-state magnetic refrigeration could disrupt conventional technology based on gas compressors, but affordable materials with large magnetocaloric response are needed. Using direct measurements of adiabatic temperature change in three different regimes of magnetic-field sweep rate, the authors investigate the dynamics of the martensitic transition in a class of Heusler alloys. Here phase-boundary motion is not an issue, but the speed of nucleation can be a limiting factor at high sweep rates. For everyday devices working at around 10 Hz, though, these compounds are promising.
Evaluation of the Antiemetic Effect of Valeriana officinalis Root Extract in Young Chicken (2011)

Background: In traditional medicine, the roots and rhizomes of Valeriana officinalis (Valerian) have been used to decrease gastrointestinal tract motility in intestinal spasms, colic and gastrointestinal disorders of nervous origin. It has been also suggested for alleviation of nausea. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the antiemetic effect of V. officinalis extract (aqueous-ethanolic) for documentation of reports available in traditional medicine. Methods: The antiemetic effect of V. officinalis extract (aqueous-ethanolic) against emesis induced by copper sulfate (60 mg/kg, orally) and ipecac (600 mg/kg, orally) was investigated. The number of emesis was counted for 50 and 20 minutes after copper sulfate and ipecac administration, respectively. Results: The extract at doses of 0.28, 0.49 and 0.7 g/kg (ip) exhibited significant protection against copper sulfate and ipecac induced – emesis. The dose of 0.7 g/kg lowered the number of copper sulfate induced- and ipecac induced – emesis of negative control (saline), respectively 65.704% and 79.88%. Conclusion: According to the results, the antiemetic effect of Valerian was significant and it confirms the traditional uses of Valerian in attenuation of nausea.
Improving the Pharmcheck Sweat Patch: Reducing False Positives from Environmental Contamination and Increasing Drug Detection (2001)

Abstract : Drugs externally applied to human skin were shown to bind readily. Drugs deposited on the skin of drug-free volunteers several days prior to application of the sweat patch were not completely removed by normal hygiene or the cleaning procedures recommended commercially before application of the sweat patch. These externally applied drugs cause false positives for drug-free volunteers did not use drugs. We term this mode of contamination-Contamination From Within (CFWI). A number of different cleaning procedures were used to remove externally applied drugs. Orange Pumice hand cleaner followed by water and then isopropanol substantially reduced CFWI. However, even with these extensive cleaning procedures, some drugs remained, which could cause false positives. We propose saving the ispropanol cleaning swabs and testing the retained swabs for drugs, if the wearer of the patch denied drug use. We also propose that a ratio >10% of the drugs in the cleaning pads to that found in the patch is indicative of CFWI. A lower ratio or drug-free cleaning pads would indicate drug use by the individual. Heavy sweating facilitates drug transfer. However, not all drugs placed on the skin arc transferred to the patch. The presence of glycerol in the absorptive pad increases transfer 3-6 fold.
Sports Medicine Approach to Low Back Pain (2002)

Low back pain is a common, recurrent affliction in the general population. Research has indicated that, contrary to traditional beliefs, bed rest is not an effective therapy. Existing evidence supports the use of early activity and exercise in treatment of acute and chronic low back pain. Since the sports medicine model of rehabilitation is based on early, progressive activity, its principles can be usefully applied to the management of low back pain in the general population.
Synchronised power quality diagnostic system using global positioning system (GPS) (2012)

Restructuring in network industries, high penetration of market players and increased demand, it is a necessary requirement to provide mains supply with controlled quality parameters such as harmonic distortion and voltage limits. To achieve this power systems owner needs to put restrictions on the connected loads which pollutes the power quality. This can be achieved using synchronised monitoring across various substations in the power systems followed by power quality improvement. Proposed in this paper is centralised power quality diagnostic system which uses global time reference with the aid of global positioning system (GPS) .
Utilization of host SR protein kinases and RNA-splicing machinery during viral replication (2006)

Although the viral genome is often quite small, it encodes a broad series of proteins. The virus takes advantage of the host-RNA-processing machinery to provide the alternative splicing capability necessary for the expression of this proteomic diversity. Serine-arginine-rich (SR) proteins and the kinases that activate them are central to this alternative splicing machinery. In studies reported here, we use the HIV genome as a model. We show that HIV expression decreases overall SR protein/activity. However, we also show that HIV expression is significantly increased (20-fold) when one of the SR proteins, SRp75 is phosphorylated by SR protein kinase (SRPK)2. Thus, inhibitors of SRPK2 and perhaps of functionally related kinases, such as SRPK1, could be useful antiviral agents. Here, we develop this hypothesis and show that HIV expression down-regulates SR proteins in Flp-In293 cells, resulting in only low-level HIV expression in these cells. However, increasing SRPK2 function up-regulates HIV expression. In addition, we introduce SR protein phosphorylation inhibitor 340 (SRPIN340), which preferentially inhibits SRPK1 and SRPK2 and down-regulates SRp75. Although an isonicotinamide compound, SPRIN340 (or its derivatives) remain to be optimized for better specificity and lower cytotoxicity, we show here that SRPIN340 suppresses propagation of Sindbis virus in plaque assay and variably suppresses HIV production. Thus, we show that SRPK, a well known kinase in the cellular RNA-processing machinery, is used by at least some viruses for propagation and hence suggest that SRPIN340 or its derivatives may be useful for curbing viral diseases.
Photosensitivity from chlorophyll‐derived pigments (1975)

Abstract The photosensitisation of young albino rats fed diets containing specially prepared lucerne leaf protein concentrates (LPC) or purified pigments has been investigated. Signs of intense photosensitivity including death occurred after a few hours of illumination in animals fed a diet containing 20% LPC prepared by holding lucerne juice at 70 °C for 55 min. However a sample prepared by briefly heating juice to 90 °C was not active. Mixed chlorophyllides and purified pheophorbide a were strongly photosensitising whereas pheophorbide b was much less active and pheophytin a was inactive. Where strong photosensitisation occurred pigments derived from chlorophyll could be extracted from blood plasma and livers. Examination of stomach and intestine contents showed that dietary chlorophyllides and chlorophylls were converted to pheophorbides and pheophytins in the gut. The photosensitising potential of a diet can be related principally to the combined content of pheophorbide a and chlorophyllide a .
Semantic-based visualization for parallel object-oriented programming (1996)

We present a graphical environment for parallel object-oriented programming. It provides visual tools to develop and debug object-oriented programs as well as parallel or concurrent systems. This environment was derived from a structural operational semantics of an extension of the Eiffel language, Eiffel//. Object-related features of the language (inheritance, polymorphism) are formalized using a big-step semantics, while the interleaving model of concurrency is expressed with small-step semantics.Without user instrumentation, the interactive environment proposes features such as step-by-step animated executions, graphical visualization of object and process topology, futures and pending requests, control of interleaving, deadlock detection.
Minimum Energy/Power Considerations (2017)

This chapter presents techniques and architectures that are applicable to either passive or active tags, or both. These techniques are designed to address the concerns of reducing power in Radio frequency identification device (RFID) systems without compromising their capability or to extend their capability in a power-efficient manner. The chapter provides a technique to significantly increase the memory capacity of a passive tag while minimizing the amount of additional energy required. It describes a power macromodeling technique that works in concert with the RFID design automation flow and examines the effective evaluation of alternate protocol designs. The chapter discusses the design and evaluation of a passive active RFID tag that has many of the benefits of an active tag that uses considerably less energy. It explores a passive switch for an active transceiver called the burst switch and a power-aware packet storage and filtering technique called the smart buffer.
Efficacy, effectiveness, efficiency (2000)

How is it, that guidelines for treatment often seem unrelated to the patient sitting in front of the doctor?...
MBE growth and photoluminescence properties of strained InAsSb/AlSbAs quantum wells (2003)

Summary form only given. The InAsSb/AlSbAs heterojunction system is promising for mid-infrared (2-5 /spl mu/m) lasers, since it combines the narrow band gap of an InAsSb alloy (< 0.4 eV at 77K) with a large conduction band offset at the hetero-boundary. The use of a strained quantum well (QW) active layer instead of thick InAsSb one is believed to increase the differential gain and reduce considerably the Auger recombination which limits the maximum operating temperature of such lasers. We report on MBE growth and photoluminescence (PL) properties of compressively strained InAsSb/AlSbAs single QW heterostructures. A set of norminally-undoped structures with well widths varying from 4 to 20 nm was grown pseudomorphically on GaSb [001] substrates using a two-stage growth regime. PL measurements of the structures were performed at 80K. Temperature and pump-power dependences of the PL intensities versus various structure parameters will be discussed.
Control of Arabidopsis shoot stem cell homeostasis by two antagonistic CLE peptide signalling pathways (2021)

Stem cell homeostasis in plant shoot meristems requires tight coordination between stem cell proliferation and cell differentiation. In <i>Arabidopsis</i>, stem cells express the secreted dodecapeptide CLAVATA3 (CLV3), which signals through the leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-receptor kinase CLAVATA1 (CLV1) and related CLV1-family members to downregulate expression of the homeodomain transcription factor <i>WUSCHEL</i> (<i>WUS</i>). WUS protein moves from cells below the stem cell domain to the meristem tip and promotes stem cell identity, together with <i>CLV3</i> expression, generating a negative feedback loop. How stem cell activity in the meristem centre is coordinated with organ initiation and cell differentiation at the periphery is unknown. We show here that the <i>CLE40</i> gene, encoding a secreted peptide closely related to CLV3, is expressed in the SAM in differentiating cells in a pattern complementary to that of <i>CLV3. CLE40</i> promotes <i>WUS</i> expression via BAM1, a CLV1-family receptor, and <i>CLE40</i> expression is in turn repressed in a <i>WUS</i>-dependent manner. Together, <i>CLE40-BAM1-WUS</i> establish a second negative feedback loop. We propose that stem cell homeostasis is achieved through two intertwined pathways that adjust WUS activity and incorporate information on the size of the stem cell domain, via <i>CLV3-CLV1</i>, and on cell differentiation via <i>CLE40-BAM1</i>.
Long-term temporal stability of peripheral blood DNA methylation alterations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (2022)

Abstract Introduction There is great current interest in the potential application of DNA methylation alterations in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) as biomarkers of susceptibility, progression and treatment response in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the intra-individual stability of PBL methylation in IBD has not been characterised. Here, we studied the long-term stability of all probes located on the Illumina HumanMethylation EPIC BeadChip array. Methods We followed a cohort of 46 adult IBD patients (36 Crohn’s disease (CD), 10 ulcerative colitis (UC), median age 44 (IQR: 27-56), 50% female) that received standard care without any intervention at the Amsterdam UMC. Paired PBL samples were collected at two time points with a median 7 (range: 2-9) years in between. Differential methylation and intra-class correlation (ICC) analyses were used to identify time-associated differences and temporally stable CpGs, respectively. Results Around 60% of all EPIC array loci presented poor intra-individual stability (ICC &lt;0.50); 78.114 (≈9%) showed good (ICC 0.75 – 0.89); and 41.274 (≈5%) excellent (ICC ≥0.90) stability. Focusing on previously identified consistently differentially methylated positions indicated that 22 CD-, 11 UC-, and 24 IBD-associated loci demonstrated high stability (ICC ≥0.75) over time; of these, we observed a marked stability of CpG loci associated to the HLA genes. Conclusion Our data provide insight into the long-term stability of the PBL DNA methylome within an IBD context, facilitating the selection of biologically relevant and robust IBD-associated epigenetic biomarkers with increased potential for independent validation. These data also have potential implications in understanding disease pathogenesis.
Investigation of Spin-Dependent Transport Properties and Spin–Spin Interactions in a Copper-Phthalocyanine–Cobalt Nanocomposite System (2010)

We have fabricated a series of copper-phthalocyanine–cobalt (CuPc–Co) nanocomposites (compositional ratio of CuPc:Co=4:1), wherein Co nanoparticles were embedded within a CuPc matrix, in order to study the spin transport properties and to investigate spin–spin interactions between conducting spins and localized spins in the CuPc. Nonlinear characteristics of electric current, I – V (2 N -1) , ( V : bias voltage, N : order of co-tunneling) were observed, where the fifth order co-tunneling was clarified. The order of the co-tunneling effect in CuPc–Co was almost equal to that in a rubrene–Co nanocomposite with almost the same diameter of the Co nanoparticles. We have not found clear evidence of spin-flip processes, as observed in other molecular systems, which may be attributed to the spin-coupling between localized spins in the CuPc and spins in Co.
α‐Glucosidase inhibitor, miglitol decreases the expression of inflammatory cytokines induced by hyperglycemia (2007)

Recent studies suggested that α‐Glucosidase inhibitors might prevent inflammation by inhibiting postprandial hyperglycemia. To explore whether miglitol prevents inflammation induced by hyperglycemia, we asministrated miglitol to streptozotocin‐treated rats in this study. Streptozotocin treatment remarkably induced hyperglycemia after 5 days following the treatment. Microarray analysis of blood cells revealed that the leucocyte‐derived expressions of not only IL1β but also S100a4/6/8/9 genes, which are putative inflammatory cytokines, were induced by streptzotocin treatment. Moreover, the induction of these genes by streptozotocin was significantly inhibited in the rats fed a diet containing miglitol for 20 days compared with those fed a control diet. These results suggest that S100a4/6/8/9 might be useful biomarkers for hyperglycemia at early stage, and that miglitol decreases the risk of hyperglycemia‐induced inflammation by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines.
Book reviews (1976)

The Political Uses of Seapower. By Edward N. Luttwak. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1975. 79 pp. £3.55 cloth; £1.15 paper. Aussenpolitik und Nuklearstrategie: Eine Analyse des konzeptionellen Wandels der amerikanischen Sicherheitspolitik gegenüber der Sowjetunion (1945–1963). By Martin Geiling. Cologne and Vienna: Bohlau Verlag, 1975. 235 pp. DM 64. Uphill for Peace: Quaker Impact on Congress. By E. Raymond Wilson. Richmond, Indiana: Friends United Press, 1975. 432 pp. $7.95. Internationales Recht der Rüstungsbeschränkung. By Gundolf Fahl. Berlin: Berlin Verlag, 1975. Loose‐leaf Service, vol. I. 680 pp. DM 175.00. The Economics of Defence. By Gavin Kennedy. London: Faber and Faber, 1975. 251 pp. £6.75. Rüstungsdynamik im internationalen System: Mathe‐matische Reaktionsmodelle für Rüstungswettläufe und die Probleme Hirer Anwendung. By Johannes Rattinger. Munich and Vienna: R. Oldenbourg Verlag, 1975. 473 pp. No price quoted. The Basic Principles of Operational Art and Tactics: A Soviet View. Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1972 and Washington, DC: translated and published under the auspices of the United States Air Force. 284 pp. $2.30. The Fate of the Atlantic Community. By Elliot R. Goodman. New York: Praeger, for the Atlantic Council of the United States. 583 pp. $27.50; $5.95 paperback. Regional Conflicts and the International System: A Case Study of Bangladesh. By Nicole Ball. Brighton: University of Sussex, ISIO Monographs, First series, No. 9, 1975. 88 pp. £1.50, $4.
Selection for Transcatheter versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement and Long-term Survival: 10-year Results of the AUTHEARTVISIT Study (2023)

Background Limited data are available from randomized trials comparing outcomes between transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and surgery in patients with different risks and with follow-up &amp;gt;2 years. Objective In this large, population-based cohort study, long-term mortality and morbidity were investigated in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement (AVR) for severe aortic stenosis using a surgically implanted bioprosthesis (sB-AVR) or TAVR. Methods Individual data from the Austrian Insurance funds from 2010 through 2020 were analysed. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, assessed in the overall and propensity score&amp;ndash;matched populations. Secondary outcomes included reoperation and cardiovascular events. Results From January 2010 through December 2020, a total of 18 882 patients underwent sB-AVR (n=11 749; 62.2%) or TAVR (n=7133; 37.8%); median follow-up was 4.0 (interquartile range 2.1&amp;ndash;6.5) years (maximum 12.3 years). The risk of all-cause mortality was higher with TAVR compared with sB-AVR: hazard ratio (HR) 1.552, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.469&amp;ndash;1.640, p&amp;lt;0.001; propensity score&amp;ndash;matched HR 1.510, 1.403&amp;ndash;1.625, p&amp;lt;0.001. Estimated median survival was 8.8 years (95% CI 8.6&amp;ndash;9.1) with sB-AVR vs 5 years (4.9&amp;ndash;5.2) with TAVR. Estimated 5-year survival probability was 0.664 (0.664&amp;ndash;0.686) with sB-AVR vs 0.409 (0.378&amp;ndash;0.444) with TAVR overall, and 0.690 (0.674&amp;ndash;0.707) and 0.560 (0.540&amp;ndash;0.582), respectively, with propensity score matching. Other predictors of mortality were age, sex, previous heart failure, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Conclusions In &amp;gt;2-year follow-up, selection for TAVR was significantly associated with higher all-cause mortality compared with sB-AVR in patients &amp;ge;65 years with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis.
Accurate web recommendations based on profile-specific url-predictor neural networks (2004)

We present a Context Ultra-Sensitive Approach based on two-step Recommender systems (CUSA-2-step-Rec). Our approach relies on a committee of profile-specific neural networks. This approach provides recommendations that are accurate and fast to train because only the URLs relevant to a specific profile are used to define the architecture of each network. We compare the proposed approach with collaborative filtering showing that our approach achieves higher coverage and precision while being faster, and requiring lower main memory at recommendation time. While most recommenders are inherently context sensitive, our approach is context ultra-sensitive because a different recommendation model is designed for each profile separately.
Les rations d’engraissement de taurillons : Eléments d’évaluation de la durabilité (2014)

Numéro Hors-Série ; Session : Empreinte environnementale de la viande et des produits carnésPartenaires des JSMTV 2014 :Polytech Clermont-Ferrand, France.VetAgro Sup, Institut d'Enseignement Supérieur et de Recherche en Alimentation, Santé Animale, Sciences Agronomiques et de l'Environnement, France.ADIV, Association pour le Développement de l'Institut de la Viande, France.IDELE, Institut de l'Elevage, France.IFIP, Institut du Porc, France.ITAVI, Institut Technique de l'Aviculture et des Elevages de Petits Animaux, France.CTPA, Centre Technique des Productions Animales et agroalimentaires, France.CIV, Centre d'Information des Viandes, France.
Self-organized criticality as a fundamental property of neural systems (2014)

The neural criticality hypothesis states that the brain may be poised in a critical state at a boundary between different types of dynamics. Theoretical and experimental studies show that critical systems often exhibit optimal computational properties, suggesting the possibility that criticality has been evolutionarily selected as a useful trait for our nervous system. Evidence for criticality has been found in cell cultures, brain slices, and anesthetized animals. Yet, inconsistent results were reported for recordings in awake animals and humans, and current results point to open questions about the exact nature and mechanism of criticality, as well as its functional role. Therefore, the criticality hypothesis has remained a controversial proposition. Here, we provide an account of the mathematical and physical foundations of criticality. In the light of this conceptual framework, we then review and discuss recent experimental studies with the aim of identifying important next steps to be taken and connections to other fields that should be explored.
Flat Bands and Wigner Crystallization in the Honeycomb Optical Lattice (2007)

We study the ground states of cold atoms in the tight-binding bands built from p orbitals on a two dimensional honeycomb optical lattice. The band structure includes two completely flat bands. Exact many-body ground states with on-site repulsion can be found at low particle densities, for both fermions and bosons. We find crystalline order at n=1/6 with a sqrt[3] x sqrt[3] structure breaking a number of discrete lattice symmetries. In fermionic systems, if the repulsion is strong enough, we find the bonding strength becomes dimerized at n=1/2. Experimental signatures of crystalline order can be detected through the noise correlations in time of flight experiments.
Composition of the mucosa‐associated microbiota along the entire gastrointestinal tract of human individuals (2019)

We show that gastrointestinal location is a larger determinant of mucosal microbial diversity than inter-person differences. These data provide a baseline for further studies investigating gastrointestinal microbiota-related disease.