gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Brain network clustering with information flow motifs (2017)

Recent work has revealed frequency-dependent global patterns of information flow by a network analysis of magnetoencephalography data of the human brain. However, it is unknown which properties on a small subgraph-scale of those functional brain networks are dominant at different frequencies bands. Motifs are the building blocks of networks on this level and have previously been identified as important features for healthy and abnormal brain function. In this study, we present a network construction that enables us to search and analyze motifs in different frequency bands. We give evidence that the bi-directional two-hop path is the most important motif for the information flow in functional brain networks. A clustering based on this motif exposes a spatially coherent yet frequency-dependent sub-division between the posterior, occipital and frontal brain regions.
Robust BiPoly-Matching for Multi-Granular Entities (2021)

Entity matching across two data sources is a prevalent need in many domains, including e-commerce. Of interest is the scenario where entities have varying granularity, e.g., a coarse product category may match multiple finer categories. Previous work in one-to-many matching generally presumes the ‘one’ necessarily comes from a designated source and the ‘many’ from the other source. In contrast, we propose a novel formulation that allows concurrent one-to-many bidirectional matching in any direction. Beyond flexibility, we also seek matching that is more robust to noisy similarity values arising from diverse entity descriptions, by introducing receptivity and reclusivity notions. In addition to an optimal formulation, we also propose an efficient and performant heuristic. Experiments on multiple real-life datasets from e-commerce sources showcase the effectiveness and outperformance of our proposed algorithms over baselines.
<title>Review of acoustic methods of sounding of the atmospheric boundary layer (1996-2006)</title> (2006)

In the present report, a review of sodar methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) structure and results of sodar measurements of individual components and total wind velocity vector, mixing layer height, structure constants of wind velocity and temperature fields, and precipitation over the past 10 years (1996-2006) is presented based on an analysis of Proceedings of the International Symposia on Acoustic Remote Sensing and Associated Techniques of the Atmosphere and Oceans (ISARS) with an emphasis on the Proceedings of the 12th and 13th ISARS. The parameters of Russian research sodars and commercial sodars produced abroad are discussed.
Nutritive value of L-, DL- and D-tryptophan in the chick. (1979)

The present study was undertaken to determine the nutritive value of L-, DL- and D-tryptophan in chicks. Day-old chicks were fed commercial chick starter ration for one week and then they were given an experimental diet containing zein as a protein source for three weeks. The experimental results were analyzed by a slope ratio technique (weight gain vs. tryptophan intake). The relative biological utilization of DL- and D-tryptophan compared to L-tryptophan was approximately 55 and 15%, respectively. At the end of the experiment, the chicks were sacrificed and the concentration of free tryptophan in plasma was measured. The free tryptophan concentration in plasma corresponded closely with the increment level of tryptophan in diet when there was a normal level of dietary protein. But there was less correspondence when chicks were fed a diet low in protein.
Optimization of actuator locations for active control of sound radiation from structures under multiple-frequency excitation (1992)

The problem of active structural acoustic control (ASAC) of radiation from simply supported rectangular plates under multiple-frequency excitation is studied in this paper. An optimization procedure is presented for optimal location of piezoelectric actuator(s) to actively control the multiple-frequency sound radiation. Expressions for the multiple-frequency radiated sound power by the plate are derived and chosen as the objective function in the optimization approach. Control performance for optimally located actuator(s) are compared with that of actuator locations based on some physical understanding of the system response. In general, it is demonstrated that it is possible to optimally locate actuator(s) in order to effectively control the sound radiation at the frequencies considered. In addition, it is shown that the optimization approach provides a method to design a robust controller with respect to the frequency uncertainty for single-tone excitation cases. [Work supported by ONR.]
Cover Picture: Clathrate Formation from Octaazaphthalocyanines Possessing Bulky Phenoxyl Substituents: A New Cubic Crystal Containing Solvent‐Filled, Nanoscale Voids (Chem. Eur. J. 16/2008) (2008)

A cubic crystal containing massive interconnected voids (8 nm3) forms from a novel azaphthalocyanine derivative containing eight bulky phenoxy substituents. In their Full Paper on page 4810 ff., S. Makhseed, N. B. McKeown et al. describe the synthesis and remarkable crystal-forming properties of this macrocycle and some related compounds. Polymer Semiconductors In their Concept article on page 4766 ff., B. S. Ong et al. review the structural studies and design of thiophene-based polymer semiconductors with respect to solution processability, ambient stability, molecular self-organization, and field-effect transistor properties for organic thin-film transistor applications.1 Click Chemistry In their Communication on page 4784 ff., F. Coutrot and E. Busseron describe a very mild and efficient access to glycorotaxanes by using “click chemistry” in a template-directed threading approach. Transformation of the so-created 1,2,3-triazole moiety into the methyl triazolium was successfully realized and allowed for the ready preparation of a mannosyl two-station molecular shuttle.1 Pincer Complexes The synthesis and catalytic applications of a new aryl-based unsymmetrical PCS-pincer complex are reported by M. Klein Gebbink, K. J. Szabó et al. on page 4800 ff. The catalytic performance of the novel PCS-pincer palladium complex was compared to those of its symmetrical PCP- and SCS-pincer complex analogues.1
Single Quantum Dot with Microlens and 3D-Printed Micro-objective as Integrated Bright Single-Photon Source (2017)

Integrated single-photon sources with high photon-extraction efficiency are key building blocks for applications in the field of quantum communications. We report on a bright single-photon source realized by on-chip integration of a deterministic quantum dot microlens with a 3D-printed multilens micro-objective. The device concept benefits from a sophisticated combination of in situ 3D electron-beam lithography to realize the quantum dot microlens and 3D femtosecond direct laser writing for creation of the micro-objective. In this way, we obtain a high-quality quantum device with broadband photon-extraction efficiency of (40 ± 4)% and high suppression of multiphoton emission events with <i>g</i><sup>(2)</sup>(τ = 0) < 0.02. Our results highlight the opportunities that arise from tailoring the optical properties of quantum emitters using integrated optics with high potential for the further development of plug-and-play fiber-coupled single-photon sources.
Ultralow-inductance, multielement transformer-rectifier (2003)

A coaxially-connected, multielement transformer-rectifier is described for high-frequency power supply applications. Each elemental transformer has an optimally interleaved, single-layer winding, and the coaxial interconnection enables increased output voltage and higher power throughput to be achieved, whilst minimizing the leakage inductance. A leakage inductance of 0.55 μH is achieved in a 2.0 kW, 500 kHz transformer-rectifier.
Objective Tropopause Height Determination Using Use-Resolution VHF Radar Observations (1986)

The magnitude of backscattered power observed at vertical incidence by a VHF radar is related to atmospheric stability in accordance with the Fresnel scattering model. Utilizing a modified Fresnel scattering model, we can determine tropopause height objectively from the observed vertical profile of backscattered power. The method is tested with observations of the Alpine Experiment (ALPEX; France), Platteville, Colorado and Poker Mat, Alaska radars taken since 1979. Using 750 m resolution the tropopause is found to be within a few hundred meters of the tropopause determined from nearly simultaneous radiosonde observations and using 2.2 km resolution the tropopause is found to be within about 600 m. Furthermore, radar-determined tropopause heights can be automatically scaled from existing records, or even routinely determined on-line.
Hepatic Metallothionein in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C: Relationship With Severity of Liver Disease and Response To Treatment (2003)

This study shows that hepatic MT expression could reflect the severity of chronic HCV infection and could be one of the factors associated with a favorable clinical outcome in the response to interferon therapy.
Newcastle disease virus as a vaccine vector for humans. (2008)

Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases pose a threat to individuals worldwide and necessitate the development of new vaccines and vaccine platforms. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an enveloped cytoplasmic RNA virus of avian origin that is highly attenuated in humans and other primates because of a strong host-range restriction. NDV infects the respiratory tract of non-human primates and appears to remain restricted to that site. As a vaccine vector, NDV induced substantial local and systemic responses against a protein expressed by a foreign gene insert and was protective against pathogen challenge. NDV is antigenically distinct from common human viruses, accommodates foreign sequences with a good degree of stability, can be readily produced in a cell line acceptable for human product development, and exhibits a low incidence of recombination. Because of its natural tropism for the respiratory tract, NDV may be particularly effective for the development of vectored vaccines against respiratory infections as well as infections that can be transmitted through the respiratory tract.
Organizing Carbon Nanotubes with Liquid Crystals (2002)

Single- and multiwalled carbon nanotubes dispersed in nematic liquid crystal (LC) solvents are found to be orientationally ordered by the nematic matrix. Procedures are demonstrated for the preparation of monolayer and multilayer nanotube films with organization controlled using well-established methods of LC alignment, including grooved surfaces, magnetic fields, and patterned electrodes. LC alignment should be possible with other nanometer-sized building blocks, offering a general route for controlled assembly of organized nanomaterials and devices.
An I/O port controller for the MAP chip (1997)

This thesis describes the design and implementation of the I/O port controller for the MAP chip as part of the M-Machine project. The I/O port controller is responsible for managing the I/O port, which is used for communication between the MAP chip and external devices. The I/O port is intended to be connected to an off-chip module that then connects to other peripheral buses, such as SCSI or SBUS. The I/O port controller is implemented in Verilog HDL and synthesized to a standard cell library.
Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents (2010)

A variety of antioxidant compounds derived from natural products (nutraceuticals) have demonstrated neuroprotective activity in either in vitro or in vivo models of neuronal cell death or neurodegeneration, respectively. These natural antioxidants fall into several distinct groups based on their chemical structures: (1) flavonoid polyphenols like epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea and quercetin from apples; (2) non-flavonoid polyphenols such as curcumin from tumeric and resveratrol from grapes; (3) phenolic acids or phenolic diterpenes such as rosmarinic acid or carnosic acid, respectively, both from rosemary; and (4) organosulfur compounds including the isothiocyanate, L-sulforaphane, from broccoli and the thiosulfonate allicin, from garlic. All of these compounds are generally considered to be antioxidants. They may be classified this way either because they directly scavenge free radicals or they indirectly increase endogenous cellular antioxidant defenses, for example, via activation of the nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor pathway. Alternative mechanisms of action have also been suggested for the neuroprotective effects of these compounds such as modulation of signal transduction cascades or effects on gene expression. Here, we review the literature pertaining to these various classes of nutraceutical antioxidants and discuss their potential therapeutic value in neurodegenerative diseases.
Synthesis and Anti-Hcv Activity of N 9, 5′-Cyclo-3-(β-D-Ribofuranosyl)-8-Azapurin-2-One Derivatives (2005)

A number of 1- or 6-substituted N9,5'-cyclo-3-(beta-ribofuranosyl)-8-azapurin-2-one derivatives were synthesized in multi-step reactions. Their anti-hepatitis C virus activities were evaluated and some structure-activity relationship is discussed.
A NOVEL DUAL-BAND Π-SHAPED BRANCH-LINE COUPLER WITH STEPPED-IMPEDANCE STUBS (2011)

A novel compact branch-line coupler operating in two arbitrary frequencies is proposed, analyzed and designed. Stepped- impedance stubs are used in the branch-line coupler to achieve dual- band applications. Parameters of the structure are chosen and provided for design guidelines. Broader operating frequency ratios and compactness are achievable. For the purpose of validation, a microstrip coupler operating at 2.4/5.2GHz is fabricated and measured.
Geodesic deformable models for medical image analysis (1998)

In this paper implicit representations of deformable models for medical image enhancement and segmentation are considered. The advantage of implicit models over classical explicit models is that their topology can be naturally adapted to objects in the scene. A geodesic formulation of implicit deformable models is especially attractive since it has the energy minimizing properties of classical models. The aim of this paper is twofold. First, a modification to the customary geodesic deformable model approach is introduced by considering all the level sets in the image as energy minimizing contours. This approach is used to segment multiple objects simultaneously and for enhancing and segmenting cardiac computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance images. Second, the approach is used to effectively compare implicit and explicit models for specific tasks. This shows the complementary character of implicit models since in case of poor contrast boundaries or gaps in boundaries e.g. due to partial volume effects, noise, or motion artifacts, they do not perform well, since the approach is completely data-driven.
Simulation validation of design of single-phase multi-level cascaded h-bridge shunt current injection power converter (2013)

This paper describes the detailed design procedure for a single-phase multi-level cascaded h-bridge shunt current injection converter. Special attention is given toward the proper selection of inductors and capacitors, trying to optimize the selected component values. The proposed control is extensively treated and inner current and outer voltage loops are completely analyzed. Furthermore, voltage balancing is included into the control to assure dc voltage control for each H-bridge module. Analytical expressions, which describe the design procedure, are derived, making the presented analysis more complete. The designed converter is simulated using detailed switching simulation model and excellent agreement between theory and simulation results are obtained.
Promoting Exploration in Memory-Augmented Adam using Critical Momenta (2023)

Adaptive gradient-based optimizers, notably Adam, have left their mark in training large-scale deep learning models, offering fast convergence and robustness to hyperparameter settings. However, they often struggle with generalization, attributed to their tendency to converge to sharp minima in the loss landscape. To address this, we propose a new memory-augmented version of Adam that encourages exploration towards flatter minima by incorporating a buffer of critical momentum terms during training. This buffer prompts the optimizer to overshoot beyond narrow minima, promoting exploration. Through comprehensive analysis in simple settings, we illustrate the efficacy of our approach in increasing exploration and bias towards flatter minima. We empirically demonstrate that it can improve model performance for image classification on ImageNet and CIFAR10/100, language modelling on Penn Treebank, and online learning tasks on TinyImageNet and 5-dataset. Our code is available at \url{https://github.com/chandar-lab/CMOptimizer}.
Impact Bruise Responses for “Jazz” Apple on Different Materials of Catch Surface (2016)

<abstract> <b><sc>Abstract.</sc></b> To gain an understanding on how cushioning materials could absorb the impact force to reduce fruit bruising in shake-and-catch harvest system, an experimental study using a developed pendulum impact platform was conducted to investigate the bruise response to impact forces. Three types of cushioning materials (Polyurethane foam) were used as impacting surface by covering on an aluminum plate. Polyurethane foams with same thickness(12.7 mm) but varying pressure rating (at 25% deflection) were used to exert impact on a stationary whole apple sitting freely on a horizontal surface. Seven different levels of impacts which were applied at three different zones of âJazz‘ apples: top, middle and bottom. Each level was repeated 50 times at each zone. Results showed that no apple bruising was checked when impacted on or below 22 N by the aluminum plate, regardless of impact zones. The non-bruising impact force increased to 95, 160 and 160 N after foams with 2.1(Foam 1), 4.8 (Foam 2), and 9.7-11 kPa (Foam 3) pressure ratings were used respectively. Based on USDA Grades and Standards, it was found that a 100% of apple would maintain âExtra Fancyâ quality under 115, 171, or 180 N of impact force when impacted respectively by the tested foams. These results indicated that Foam 2 and Foam 3 provided better cushioning as the fruit were maintained at fresh market quality level compared to the same with aluminum plate and Foam 1, while the difference between Foam 2 and Foam 3 was slight.
SAVIME: A Database Management System for Simulation Data Analysis and Visualization (2019)

Limitations in current DBMSs prevent their wide adoption in scientific applications. In order to make scientific applications benefit from DBMS support, enabling declarative data analysis and visualization over scientific data, we present an in-memory array DBMS system called SAVIME. In this work we describe the system SAVIME, along with its data model. Our preliminary evaluation shows how SAVIME, by using a simple storage definition language (SDL) can outperform the state-of-the-art array database system, SciDB, during the process of data ingestion. We also show that is possible to use SAVIME as a storage alternative for a numerical solver without affecting its scalability.
Investigation on the Dynamics of an On-Board Rotor-Bearing System (2012)

In ship and aircraft turbine rotors, the rotating mass unbalance and the different movements of the rotor base are among the main causes of vibrations in bending. The goal of this paper is to investigate the dynamic behavior of an on-board rotor under rigid base excitations. The modeling takes into consideration six types of base deterministic motions (rotations and translations) when the kinetic and strain energies in addition to the virtual work of the rotating flexible rotor components are computed. The finite element method is used in the rotor modeling by employing the Timoshenko beam theory. The proposed on-board rotor model takes into account the rotary inertia, the gyroscopic inertia, the shear deformation of shaft as well as the geometric asymmetry of shaft and/or rigid disk. The Lagrange’s equations are applied to establish the differential equations of the rotor in bending with respect to the rigid base which represents a noninertial reference frame. The linear equations of motion display periodic parametric coefficients due to the asymmetry of the rotor and time-varying parametric coefficients due to the base rotational motions. In the proposed applications, the rotor mounted on rigid/elastic bearings is excited by a rotating mass unbalance associated with sinusoidal vibrations of the rigid base. The dynamic behavior of the rotor is analyzed by means of orbits of the rotor as well as fast Fourier transforms (FFTs).
A novel chemical screening strategy in zebrafish identifies common pathways in embryogenesis and rhabdomyosarcoma development (2013)

The zebrafish is a powerful genetic model that has only recently been used to dissect developmental pathways involved in oncogenesis. We hypothesized that operative pathways during embryogenesis would also be used for oncogenesis. In an effort to define RAS target genes during embryogenesis, gene expression was evaluated in Tg(hsp70-HRAS(G12V)) zebrafish embryos subjected to heat shock. dusp6 was activated by RAS, and this was used as the basis for a chemical genetic screen to identify small molecules that interfere with RAS signaling during embryogenesis. A KRAS(G12D)-induced zebrafish embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma was then used to assess the therapeutic effects of the small molecules. Two of these inhibitors, PD98059 and TPCK, had anti-tumor activity as single agents in both zebrafish embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and a human cell line of rhabdomyosarcoma that harbored activated mutations in NRAS. PD98059 inhibited MEK1 whereas TPCK suppressed S6K1 activity; however, the combined treatment completely suppressed eIF4B phosphorylation and decreased translation initiation. Our work demonstrates that the activated pathways in RAS induction during embryogenesis are also important in oncogenesis and that inhibition of these pathways suppresses tumor growth.
Bilateral Asymmetric Perisylvian Parietal and Frontal Polymicrogyria, the Perisylvian Syndrome. MRI and CT Findings (2006)

CT and MR imaging have been used to diagnose polymicrogyria and determine the topological involvement of bilateral frontal, perisylvian, parietal or occipital cortices. We present CT and MR appearances of bilateral asymmetrical frontal and parietal perisylvian polymicrogyria in an eighteen year-old-girl.