gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Direct gray-scale extraction of features for character recognition (1993)

A method for feature extraction directly from gray-scale images of scanned documents without the usual step of binarization is presented. This approach eliminates binarization by extracting features directly from gray-scale images. In this method, a digitized gray-scale image is treated as a noisy sampling of the underlying continuous surface and desired features are obtained by extracting and assembling topographic characteristics of this surface. The advantages and effectiveness of the approach are both shown theoretically and demonstrated through preliminary experiments of the proposed method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Evaluation in Text : Authorial Stance and the Construction of Discourse (2001)

Evaluation is expression in discourse of what a writer or speaker thinks and feels. It is often discussed under heading of stance or the interpersonal. In this book, writers coming from different standpoints are brought together, providing a profile of topic from several perspectives. These perpectives include: systemic linguistics; narrative; corpus linguistics; and discourse analysis. This book is intended for advanced level undergraduates, postgraduates, and researchers in discourse analysis. More specifically, those studying and working on evaluation, stance, and attitudinal or interpersonal language.
Calcium Independence of Phosphoinositide Hydrolysis‐Induced Increase in Cyclic AMP Accumulation in SK‐N‐SH Human Neuroblastoma Cells (1992)

Previous work has shown that stimulation of muscarinic receptors in various cell lines increases intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels. This unusual response has been hypothesized to be mediated by stimulation of calcium/calmodulin-sensitive adenylate cyclase, secondary to inositol trisphosphate (IP3)-mediated calcium mobilization. To test this hypothesis, we stimulated muscarinic receptors in SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma cells while blocking the IP3-mediated rise in intracellular calcium concentration using two different methods. Loading cells with the intracellular calcium chelator 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA) abolished the carbachol-mediated intracellular calcium release without abolishing the carbachol-mediated increase in cAMP level. Similarly, in cells preexposed to carbachol, the agonist-induced change in intracellular calcium level was blocked, but the cAMP response was not. Thus, both of these methods failed to block the muscarinic receptor-mediated increase in cAMP level, thereby demonstrating that this cAMP level increase is not mediated by a detectable rise in intracellular calcium concentration.
Compressive strength of concrete containing recycled fine cement brick aggregate (RFCBA) (2021)

The waste from construction and demolition works are of large volume and increasing in time. This study was implemented to determine the effect of superplasticizer on the mechanical properties of concrete containing Recycled fine Cement Brick Aggregate (RFCBA). Recycled Fine Cement Brick Aggregate (RFCBA) was produced by crushing such waste cement brick and the particles size of crushed RFCBA was identified. The concrete mixture was formulated by using replacement method where the RFCBA was replaced by percent to the concrete, 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% without and with 1% superplasticizer with the water cement ratio of 0.5. Two tests were conducted to identify the mechanical properties of concrete names as compressive strength and density. The test results found that the strength properties indicate a good result where 75% replacement of RFCBA with 1% superplasticizer recorded to have the highest strength, higher than control concrete.
Tissue plasminogen activator mobilizes neutrophils and T cells that exacerbate hemorrhagic transformation in stroke (2020)

Abstract Hemorrhagic complications represent a major limitation of thrombolytic therapy with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in patients with ischemic stroke. Here we report that tPA induces a swift surge of circulating neutrophils and T cells in both ischemic stroke patients and a rat model of focal embolic stroke. tPA exacerbates endothelial injury and increases adhesion and migration of neutrophils and T cells, which are associated with brain hemorrhage in rats subjected to embolic stroke. Genetic ablation of annexin A2 in neutrophils and T cells diminishes the effect of tPA on these cells. Decoupling the interaction between mobilized neutrophils/T cells and the neurovascular unit, achieved by using a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 modulator RP101075 and a CCL2 synthesis inhibitor bindarit, which block lymphocyte egress and myeloid cell recruitment, respectively, attenuates hemorrhagic transformation and improves neurological function after tPA thrombolysis. Our study suggests that immune invasion of the neurovascular unit represents a previously unrecognized mechanism governing the emergence of tPA-mediated brain hemorrhage, which can be overcome by precise immune modulation during thrombolytic therapy.
Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Giant Pituitary Adenomas: Advantages and Limitations (2012)

Introduction: Giant pituitary adenomas (measuring more than 4 cm in maximum diameter) are associated with high rates of residual tumor regardless of the surgical approach. We present the results of the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) and analyze the factors that influence the degree of resection.
RHAMM splice variants confer radiosensitivity in human breast cancer cell lines (2016)

Biomarkers for prognosis in radiotherapy-treated breast cancer patients are urgently needed and important to stratify patients for adjuvant therapies. Recently, a role of the receptor of hyaluronan-mediated motility (RHAMM) has been suggested for tumor progression. Our aim was (i) to investigate the prognostic value of RHAMM in breast cancer and (ii) to unravel its potential function in the radiosusceptibility of breast cancer cells. We demonstrate that RHAMM mRNA expression in breast cancer biopsies is inversely correlated with tumor grade and overall survival. Radiosusceptibility in vitro was evaluated by sub-G1 analysis (apoptosis) and determination of the proliferation rate. The potential role of RHAMM was addressed by short interfering RNAs against RHAMM and its splice variants. High expression of RHAMMv1/v2 in p53 wild type cells (MCF-7) induced cellular apoptosis in response to ionizing radiation. In comparison, in p53 mutated cells (MDA-MB-231) RHAMMv1/v2 was expressed sparsely resulting in resistance towards irradiation induced apoptosis. Proliferation capacity was not altered by ionizing radiation in both cell lines. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of the major ligand of RHAMM, hyaluronan, sensitized both cell lines towards radiation induced cell death. Based on the present data, we conclude that the detection of RHAMM splice variants in correlation with the p53 mutation status could help to predict the susceptibility of breast cancer cells to radiotherapy. Additionally, our studies raise the possibility that the response to radiotherapy in selected cohorts may be improved by pharmaceutical strategies against RHAMM and its ligand hyaluronan.
In Situ Measurement of the Conductance of Regioregular Poly-3′,4′-didodecyl-2,2′:5′,2′′-terthiophene during Potentiodynamic Growth (2021)

This work reports a study of regioregular poly-3′,4′-didodecyl-2,2′:5′,2′′-terthiophene (poly-3′4′-DDTT) deposited electrochemically onto a double-band electrode for the in situ measurement of the electrical conductance. The electrodeposition of poly-3′4′-DDTT was conducted in the potentiodynamic mode within the applied potential interval 0 ≤ E appl ≤ 0.9 V vs Ag/Ag + employing an electrolyte that contained the terthiophenic monomer 3′4′-DDTT (the starting redox species). These electrochemical conditions warrant the oxidation of 3′4′-DDTT (initiation step) and prevent the oxidative degradation of the polymerization product(s). Through the adoption of conformal mapping we could calculate the electrical conductivity of the electrodeposited polymer thanks to the observation of a linear variation of conductance with the consumed charge of polymerization. The use of conformal mapping has allowed also the determination of the volume yield for the poly-3′4′-DDTT under consideration. The electrical conductivity of poly-3′4′-DDTT depended nonlinearly on the scan rate of electrodeposition and varied in the broad range 12 − 34 S cm −1 . The variability of poly-3′4′-DDTT conductivity depended on the nature of the electrodeposit which, in turn, depended on the rate of oxidative coupling (determined by the electrical current) and on the rate of precipitation (determined by the conditions of saturation in proximity of the double-band electrode).
Treatment outcome of resected and nonresected primary adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lung. (2002)

These observations suggest that surgical resection should be selected first whenever possible, and, in addition, adenoid cystic carcinoma is sensitive to radiotherapy.
Desert Peak East Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) Project (2013)

This manuscript is a draft to replaced with a final version at a later date TBD. A summary of activities pertaining to the Desert Peak EGS project including the planning and resulting stimulation activities.
Push–Pull AIEgens (2022)

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) materials show faint or no emission when dissolved in good solvents but strong emission in the aggregate and/or solid states. The negligible luminescence of AIEgens as a molecular species and high brightness in aggregate states distinguish them from conventional fluorescent dyes, boosting the use of AIEgens to a wide array of multidisciplinary applications. Whereas the vast majority of AIE luminogens are blue or green emissive, only few emit red light. However, red and near infrared (NIR) emissive AIE materials are very important for full-color display and bioimaging. Understanding the molecular design strategies and mechanisms that regulate the connections between radiative channels (fluorescence) and non-radiative channels (photothermal pathway) is crucial to obtain more and more performing AIEgens. This chapter summarizes the basic concepts and advances in push-pull emissive AIE materials.
The effects of an artificial meniscus substitute in a knee joint with a resected anterior cruciate ligament. An experimental study in rabbits. (1993)

A Dacron meniscus prosthesis was substituted for the medial meniscus in an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) resected rabbit knee. At three months, the joints were evaluated biomechanically, with gross and histologic inspection. In a paired comparison with the contralateral knee, differences between ACL resection with intact, incised, or resected medial menisci were evaluated. Knees with intact menisci and ligaments served as controls. Because of cartilage destruction, soft-tissue hypertrophy, and increased anterior laxity, joint stiffness was less than normal in all ACL-resected knees. Ingrowth and stable fixation, especially of the posterior horns of the prostheses and the incised menisci, were rare. Almost all normal menisci had ruptured in the same area. Anterior cruciate ligament resection led to severe osteoarthrosis in both compartments, regardless of initial meniscal treatment. Knees with prostheses had the same incidence and severity of osteoarthrosis as knees with meniscus resection. Anterior cruciate ligament resection alone induced excessive osteoarthrosis and synovitis and diminished the effects of different meniscal treatments three months earlier.
Joint Transmit Power and Bandwidth Allocation for Cognitive Satellite Network Based on Bargaining Game Theory (2018)

With the rapidly increasing spectrum demand by multimedia applications, the limitation of the spectrum resource restricts the improvement of the performance for communication systems. The cognitive spectrum utilization scenario can solve this problem by sharing the licensed spectrum of primary users (PUs) with secondary users under specific constrains. In this paper, we consider the uplink resource allocation problem in cognitive satellite network, where cognitive satellite users exploit the spectrum allocated to terrestrial networks as PUs. In order to control the interference to the PUs caused by cognitive users and achieve a fair allocation with considerable total capacity, we detailedly investigate the joint transmit power and bandwidth allocation problem with reasonable system model we proposed. We propose combined resource management architecture to improve computational efficiency, and formulate the resource allocation problem as a cooperative bargaining game based on game theory. The near optimal joint resource allocation is derived on dual domain of original problem, and a cooperative resource allocating algorithm is proposed based on subgradient method. From simulation results, several important concluding remarks are obtained as follows: 1) The proposed algorithm has a considerable convergence rate, and distributed computation can further improve computational efficiency; 2) The multi-user and multi-beam diversity can improve total capacity, while interference constrains and the limitation of resource limit the performance boundary; and 3) Compared with existing methods, the proposed algorithm is Pareto optimal, which can achieve a better tradeoff between fairness among users and total capacity of the whole network.
TEXTILE TECHNOLOGY Minimization of Operational Impacts on Spectrophotometer Color Measurements for Cotton (2010)

Cotton fiber in the U.S. is classified for color with the Uster ® HVI, using the parameters Rd and +b. Rd and +b are specific to cotton fiber and are not typical globally recognized color systems. An earlier program established and validated the feasibility of correlating HVI Rd and +b to the globally recognized color system L*a*b*, available on most commercial spectrophotometers. For cotton fiber measurements, glass placed between the sample and the spectrophotometer measurement port is recommended. A program was implemented to 1) investigate in detail the impacts of key operational and instrumental parameters on spectrophotometer color measurements applicable to cotton fiber, with emphasis on instrument specular component, glass use, and pressure on the fiber; 2) determine the feasibility of minimizing the major impacts; and 3) develop uniform protocols for measuring cotton fiber on spectrophotometers. Evaluations were made on AMS standard tiles, AMS cotton biscuits, and loose cotton samples. The major impact on spectrophotometer color results was glass use, with the glass impact increasing with increasing glass thickness. L* was the color parameter most impacted by glass use, specular component, and applied fiber pressure. The optimum applied pressure for color measurements on small portions of loose cotton fibers was 30 pounds per square inch gauge. Protocols for minimizing glass impacts on spectrophotometer color measurements and for pressurized fiber measurements were determined, with the best overall results obtained with the use of specular component included, glass with glass calibration, and constant applied pressure for fiber measurements.
La televisión contada a través del cine: (análisis del relato que el cine de ficción realiza sobre el medio televisivo) (2016)

Esta investigacion se adentra en el relato que el cine cuenta sobre la television. El trabajo busca lo que dice el discurso filmico sobre la pequena pantalla y comprueba si ese relato, dibujado por el cinematografo, forma parte del concepto sobre la television que tiene la sociedad. Para ello se han analizado 382 peliculas relacionadas con el espectro televisivo. Objetivos de la investigacion: 1) Definir el relato propio que el cine narra y dibuja sobre la television. 2) Localizar los aspectos televisivos que el discurso cinematografico representa con mas asiduidad sobre la television. 3) El analisis de los principales aspectos determinantes en la historia y la evolucion televisiva, presentes en las peliculas de la filmografia seleccionada. 13 4) Seguir la evolucion de los aspectos televisivos contenidos en las peliculas estudiadas. 5) Definir el relato de cada aspecto televisivo a traves de las peliculas de la filmografia de estudio seleccionada. 6) Ampliar el estudio del relato cinematografico sobre la television, partiendo de las investigaciones desarrolladas por autores como C. Ehrlich (2004) o Pardo Alarcon (2000). La triangulacion metodologica ha determinado el sistema de trabajo utilizado en esta investigacion. El trabajo ha seguido una linea metodologica mayormente cualitativa. La investigacion se ha dividido en cuatro fases diferenciadas: 1. Analisis de texto del material bibliografico + perspectiva historica (espectro televisivo). 2. Analisis de texto + metodo comparativo (fuentes: filmografia seleccionada durante fase uno). 3. Caso de estudio asiatico: analisis de texto del material bibliografico + Analisis de texto y metodo comparativo (fuentes: filmografia seleccionada durante estancia investigadora en Taipei - National Taiwan University of Arts y Biblioteca Nacional de Taiwan)...
Unanswered Questions in Friedreich Ataxia (2012)

During the past 15 years, the pace of research advancement in Friedreich ataxia has been rapid. The abnormal gene has been discovered and its gene product characterized, leading to the development of new evidence-based therapies. Still, various unsettled issues remain that affect clinical trials. These include the level of frataxin deficiency needed to cause disease, the mechanism by which frataxin-deficient mitochondrial dysfunction leads to symptomatology, and the reason selected cells are most affected in Friedreich ataxia. In this review, we summarize these questions and propose testable hypotheses for their resolution.
Crystallographic snapshots of iterative substrate translocations during nicotianamine synthesis in archaea (2009)

Nicotianamine (NA), a small molecule ubiquitous in plants, is an important divalent metal chelator and the main precursor of phytosiderophores. Nicotianamine synthase (NAS) is the enzyme catalyzing NA synthesis by the condensation of three aminopropyl moieties of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and the cyclization of one of them to form an azetidine ring. Here we report five crystal structures of an archaeal NAS from Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus, either free or in complex with its product(s) and substrate(s). These structures reveal a two-domains fold arrangement of MtNAS, a small molecule related to NA (named here thermoNicotianamine or tNA), and an original mechanism of synthesis in a buried reaction chamber. This reaction chamber is open to the solvent through a small inlet, and a single active site allows the selective entrance of only one substrate at a time that is then processed and translocated stepwise.
UO+ ‐katalysierte Oligothioadenylat‐Synthese mit hoher Regio‐ und Stereoselektivität (1993)

Selektiv 2′‐5′‐verknüpft und R p‐konfiguriert sind die Produkte der UO 2+ 2 ‐katalysierten Oligomerisierung des Adenosinderivats 1 , obwohl 1 als Diastereomerengemisch eingesetzt wurde. Eine derartig hohe Regio‐ und Stereoselektivität findet man sonst fast nur bei enzymatischen Reaktionen. magnified image
Antimicrobial Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes Isolates from Food and the Environment in France over a 10-Year Period (2011)

ABSTRACT In order to assess antimicrobial resistance in Listeria monocytogenes , 202 food and environmental isolates from 1996 to 2006 were tested. Only four strains displayed acquired resistance. Resistance to erythromycin, tetracycline-minocycline, and trimethoprim was evidenced, and the genes erm (B), tet (M), and dfrD , already found in L. monocytogenes , were detected.
Mature T‐ and NK‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma in children and young adolescents (2016)

Mature T/Natural killer (NK)-cell neoplasms of children and the young adolescent population exhibit higher prevalence in Central and South American and Asian populations and many are associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). They are represented in large part by extranodal T/NK cell lymphomas- nasal-type or extra nasal-type, chronic lymphoproliferative disorders of T/NK cells or chronic active EBV disease, systemic EBV-positive lymphoproliferative disorders of childhood, hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoma, hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma and primary cutaneous gamma/delta T-cell lymphoma among others. Many T/NK cell neoplasms in this age group are derived from cells of the innate immune system, in contrast to adults where they are predominantly from the adaptive immune system. The genetic basis of T/NK cell lymphomas in children and young adolescents remains largely unknown. Anthracycline-based regimens and haematopoietic stem cell transplants (allogeneic and autologous) are current treatment modalities, however it is anticipated that novel targeted therapeutic agents will be available in the near future.
Satellite cloud image processing and information retrieval system (2012)

With the development of remote sensing imaging technology, the satellite information includes more abundant data, and the quality of satellite cloud image had achieved great progress. The satellite cloud images contain the valuable information for weather forecasting and early prediction of different atmospheric disturbances such as typhoons, hurricanes etc. The processing of content-based satellite cloud image has become one of the most important tasks for using the satellite cloud image information for continuous research. Content-based satellite cloud image processing and information retrieval is a very important problem in image processing and analysis field. In this research, a Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) system has been developed using color, texture and shape as retrieval features from the satellite image repository. To extract the grey level/color properties of an image, histogram values have been used. Four functions of texture features have used such as (Entropy, Energy, correlation and contrast) and the shape features (area, perimeter and metric) have been extracted using the morphological operations. The images and the extracted feature vectors were stored in the database. Results obtained from the processing demonstrate the usability of proposed system.
Quantifying Signal Quality for Joint Acoustic Emissions Using Graph-Based Spectral Embedding (2021)

We present a new method for quantifying signal quality of joint acoustic emissions (JAEs) from the knee during unloaded flexion/extension (F/E) exercises. For ten F/E cycles, JAEs were recorded, in a clinical setting, from 34 healthy knees and 13 with a meniscus tear (n=24 subjects). The recordings were first segmented by F/E cycle and described using time and frequency domain features. Using these features, a symmetric k-nearest neighbor graph was created and described using a spectral embedding. We show how the underlying community structure of JAEs was comparable across joint health levels and was highly affected by artifacts. Each F/E cycle was scored by its distance from a diverse set of manually annotated, clean templates and removed if above the artifact threshold. We validate this methodology by showing an improvement in the distinction between the JAEs of healthy and injured knees. Graph community factor (GCF) was used to detect the number of communities in each recording and describe the heterogeneity of JAEs from each knee. Before artifact removal, there was no significant difference between the healthy and injured groups due to the impact of artifacts on the community construction. Following implementation of artifact removal, we observed improvement in knee health classification. The GCF value for the meniscus tear group was significantly higher than the healthy group (p<0.01). With more JAE recordings being taken in the clinic and at home, this paper addresses the need for a robust artifact removal method which is necessary for an accurate description of joint health.