gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Repression of AKT signaling by ARQ 092 in cells and tissues from patients with Proteus syndrome (2015)

A somatic activating mutation in AKT1, c.49G>A, pGlu17Lys, that results in elevated AKT signaling in mutation-positive cells, is responsible for the mosaic overgrowth condition, Proteus syndrome. ARQ 092 is an allosteric pan-AKT inhibitor under development for treatment in cancer. We tested the efficacy of this drug for suppressing AKT signaling in cells and tissues from patients with Proteus syndrome. ARQ 092 reduced phosphorylation of AKT and downstream targets of AKT in a concentration-dependent manner in as little as two hours. While AKT signaling was suppressed with ARQ 092 treatment, cells retained their ability to respond to growth factor stimulation by increasing pAKT levels proportionally to untreated cells. At concentrations sufficient to decrease AKT signaling, little reduction in cell viability was seen. These results indicate that ARQ 092 can suppress AKT signaling and warrants further development as a therapeutic option for patients with Proteus syndrome.
Plasma p-tau181 accurately predicts Alzheimer’s disease pathology at least 8 years prior to post-mortem and improves the clinical characterisation of cognitive decline (2020)

The neuropathological confirmation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) remains the gold standard for a definitive diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nowadays, the in vivo diagnosis of AD is greatly aided by both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and positron emission tomography (PET) biomarkers. Although highly accurate, their broad implementation is restricted by high cost, limited accessibility and invasiveness. We recently developed a high-performance, ultrasensitive immunoassay for the quantification of tau phosphorylated at threonine-181 (p-tau181) in plasma, which identifies AD pathophysiology with high accuracy. However, it remains unclear whether plasma p-tau181, measured years before the death, can predict the eventual neuropathological confirmation of AD, and successfully discriminates AD from non-AD dementia pathologies. We studied a unique cohort of 115 individuals with longitudinal blood collections with clinical evaluation at 8, 4 and 2 years prior to neuropathological assessment at death. The results demonstrate that plasma p-tau181 associates better with AD neuropathology and Braak staging than a clinical diagnosis 8 years before post-mortem. Moreover, while all patients had a diagnosis of AD dementia during life, plasma p-tau181 proved to discriminate AD from non-AD pathologies with high accuracy (AUC = 97.4%, 95% CI = 94.1-100%) even 8 years before death. Additionally, the longitudinal trajectory of plasma p-tau181 was assessed in all patients. We found that the main increases in plasma p-tau181 occurred between 8 and 4 years prior to death in patients with AD neuropathology and later plateauing. In contrast, non-AD pathologies and controls exhibited minor, albeit significant, increases in p-tau181 up until death. Overall, our study demonstrates that plasma p-tau181 is highly predictive and specific of AD neuropathology years before post-mortem examination. These data add further support for the use of plasma p-tau181 to aid clinical management in primary care and recruitment for clinical trials.
Accuracy of self-reported chemotherapy regimens in young breast cancer survivors. (2018)

e22143 Background: Patient-reports of chemotherapy treatments are often used in oncology research, including to assess predictors of recurrence and long-term side effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of patient-reported chemotherapy regimens compared to medical records in young breast cancer survivors. Methods: Participants were recruited through a Dr. Susan Love Research Foundation Army of Women email blast, which included a request for women diagnosed with breast cancer under age 50 and within the past ten years. Those who provided their contact information were mailed a study consent form and authorization to access their medical records. After each returned the informed consent, she received a web-based survey that inquired about use of and type of chemotherapy, if applicable (with generic and brand names provided as options). Medical records were reviewed for concordance with survey responses. Major discrepancies were defined as those in which the patient reported a different class of drug than documented in the medical record, or responded “don’t know.” Minor discrepancies were defined as those related to report of a different medication in the same drug class. Results: Completed questionnaires and medical records were available for 99 women with a median age at diagnosis of 41 years (range 25-49) and median time from diagnosis 67 months (range 7-131). There was a 100% concordance between self-report and medical records regarding receipt of chemotherapy (yes vs. no), but with regard to specific chemotherapy type, major discrepancies were identified in 30%, and minor discrepancies in 2%. Please see Table for additional details. Conclusions: Young women diagnosed with breast cancer more than five years prior accurately report whether or not they received systemic chemotherapy. However, even in a highly educated group of survivors, our data indicate that self-reports regarding specific drugs should be confirmed by medical record review. Characteristic N % with a major discrepancy in chemotherapy type identified Time between diagnosis and survey < 5 years 43 30.2% 5+ years 56 30.4% Age at survey < 45 years 73 24.7% 45+ years 26 46.2% Education < College grad 8 25.0% College grad 91 30.8%
Insulin-like growth factor-I gene expression in human granulosa-lutein cells (1994)

IGF-I is an important local regulator of ovarian function, stimulating follicular growth and steroidogenesis in human granulosa cells. However, it is not known whether ovarian IGF-I is derived from the circulating serum pool or from local production. IGF-I peptide has only been detected in human thecal cells and not in granulosa cells. This study has used the sensitive technique of reverse transcription of mRNA followed by PCR amplification (RT/PCR) to examine IGF-I gene expression in human preovulatory granulosa cells. Granulosa-lutein cell (GLC) samples were obtained by follicular puncture of seven women enrolled in an ovulation induction programme. Treatment had included buserelin acetate, human menopausal gonadotrophin to stimulate follicular growth and human chorionic gonadotrophin to induce ovulation. Total RNA (TRNA), extracted from the GLCs, was amplified by RT/PCR, using combinations of leader and 3' IGF-I exon-specific primers, to yield four IGF-I gene products: IGF-IA (exons 1, 3, 4, 6), IGF-IB (exons 1, 3, 4, 5), IGF-IA' (exons 2, 3, 4, 6) and IGF-IB' (exons 2, 3, 4, 5). As controls from other tissues, an identical procedure was undertaken on TRNA from peripheral blood monocytes and liver. All four mRNAs were expressed in GLCs, monocytes and liver. However the pattern of IGF-I mRNA expression differed between the tissues; in liver and GLCs, the IGF-IA transcript was dominant, but in monocytes the IGF-IA' species was the most prominent. Quantitative RT/PCR using standardization to the house-keeping gene for glyceraldehyde-3'-phosphate dehydrogenase revealed that IGF-IA mRNA was 300-fold more abundant in liver than GLCs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Electronic properties of the metallic zigzag single‐walled carbon nanotube ropes (2003)

Abstract Using Slater–Koster tight‐binding calculations, we found that, due to the coexistence of the π–σ electron hybridization and the inter‐tube interactions, the electronic properties of the rope formed by small‐radius metallic zigzag single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have some unique characters: for the rope formed by (9,0) SWNTs, its electronic properties near the Fermi level are mainly affected by the π–σ electron hybridization; and for the rope formed by (12,0) SWNTs, both factors affect the electronic properties significantly. With increasing SWNT radius, the effect of the π–σ electron hybridization decreases quickly. Finally, boundary effects of the finite sized rope have also been investigated, which reduce the pseudogap generally.
Colloid chemical aspects of corrosion of metals (1980)

The corrosion of metals and alloys results in the formation of soluble hydroxylated complexes and precipitated metal hydrous oxides, with the end-products almost invariably in colloidal state as films, particles, or particle aggregates. It is, therefore, obvious that in the course of the corrosion process the materials undergo chemical and morphological changes. Even if precipitation does not occur, the solution adjacent to the metal surface will have an entirely different composition than the bulk liquid phase.
Supplementary Figure 3 from <i>FoxM1</i> in Tumorigenicity of the Neuroblastoma Cells and Renewal of the Neural Progenitors (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3 from &lt;i&gt;FoxM1&lt;/i&gt; in Tumorigenicity of the Neuroblastoma Cells and Renewal of the Neural Progenitors
EIT Imaging Regularization Based on Spectral Graph Wavelets (2017)

The objective of electrical impedance tomographic reconstruction is to identify the distribution of tissue conductivity from electrical boundary conditions. This is an ill-posed inverse problem usually solved under the finite-element method framework. In previous studies, standard sparse regularization was used for difference electrical impedance tomography to achieve a sparse solution. However, regarding elementwise sparsity, standard sparse regularization interferes with the smoothness of conductivity distribution between neighboring elements and is sensitive to noise. As an effect, the reconstructed images are spiky and depict a lack of smoothness. Such unexpected artifacts are not realistic and may lead to misinterpretation in clinical applications. To eliminate such artifacts, we present a novel sparse regularization method that uses spectral graph wavelet transforms. Single-scale or multiscale graph wavelet transforms are employed to introduce local smoothness on different scales into the reconstructed images. The proposed approach relies on viewing finite-element meshes as undirected graphs and applying wavelet transforms derived from spectral graph theory. Reconstruction results from simulations, a phantom experiment, and patient data suggest that our algorithm is more robust to noise and produces more reliable images.
Prevention of preterm birth: Clinical opinion (1991)

Spontaneous preterm delivery continues to be the most significant problem facing clinicians as we enter the 1990s. Prevention of preterm labor still awaits needed improvements in prediction. At present, most preterm birth prevention programs are based upon the early recognition of preterm labor followed by prompt tocolysis. Programs based upon patient education and support, daily contact by trained nurses, intermittent cervical assessment, and daily sampling of uterine activity have been associated with a decrease in preterm birth. The exact contribution of each component to reduce preterm birth remains to be defined and, at present, a combination of the components is still suggested.
Genome-wide association study using high-density single nucleotide polymorphism arrays and whole-genome sequences for clinical mastitis traits in dairy cattle (2014)

Mastitis is a mammary disease that frequently affects dairy cattle. Despite considerable research on the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies, mastitis continues to be a significant issue in bovine veterinary medicine. To identify major genes that affect mastitis in dairy cattle, 6 chromosomal regions on Bos taurus autosome (BTA) 6, 13, 16, 19, and 20 were selected from a genome scan for 9 mastitis phenotypes using imputed high-density single nucleotide polymorphism arrays. Association analyses using sequence-level variants for the 6 targeted regions were carried out to map causal variants using whole-genome sequence data from 3 breeds. The quantitative trait loci (QTL) discovery population comprised 4,992 progeny-tested Holstein bulls, and QTL were confirmed in 4,442 Nordic Red and 1,126 Jersey cattle. The targeted regions were imputed to the sequence level. The highest association signal for clinical mastitis was observed on BTA 6 at 88.97 Mb in Holstein cattle and was confirmed in Nordic Red cattle. The peak association region on BTA 6 contained 2 genes: vitamin D-binding protein precursor (GC) and neuropeptide FF receptor 2 (NPFFR2), which, based on known biological functions, are good candidates for affecting mastitis. However, strong linkage disequilibrium in this region prevented conclusive determination of the causal gene. A different QTL on BTA 6 located at 88.32 Mb in Holstein cattle affected mastitis. In addition, QTL on BTA 13 and 19 were confirmed to segregate in Nordic Red cattle and QTL on BTA 16 and 20 were confirmed in Jersey cattle. Although several candidate genes were identified in these targeted regions, it was not possible to identify a gene or polymorphism as the causal factor for any of these regions.
Life and Death of Immature Neurons in the Juvenile and Adult Primate Amygdala (2021)

In recent years, a large population of immature neurons has been documented in the paralaminar nucleus of the primate amygdala. A substantial fraction of these immature neurons differentiate into mature neurons during postnatal development or following selective lesion of the hippocampus. Notwithstanding a growing number of studies on the origin and fate of these immature neurons, fundamental questions about the life and death of these neurons remain. Here, we briefly summarize what is currently known about the immature neurons present in the primate ventral amygdala during development and in adulthood, as well as following selective hippocampal lesions. We provide evidence confirming that the distribution of immature neurons extends to the anterior portions of the entorhinal cortex and layer II of the perirhinal cortex. We also provide novel arguments derived from stereological estimates of the number of mature and immature neurons, which support the view that the migration of immature neurons from the lateral ventricle accompanies neuronal maturation in the primate amygdala at all ages. Finally, we propose and discuss the hypothesis that increased migration and maturation of neurons in the amygdala following hippocampal dysfunction may be linked to behavioral alterations associated with certain neurodevelopmental disorders.
Quasi- and Approximant-Crystalline Al&ndash;Mn&ndash;Ge Alloys with High Coercive Force (1998)

The compositional dependences of structure and magnetization for melt-spun Al–Mn–Ge alloys were examined. Metastable icosahedral(i-) and decagonal(d-) phases were found in the concentration ranges of 20 to 25 at%Mn, 0 to 20 at%Ge and 25 to 35 at%Mn, 15 to 20 at%Ge, respectively. A decagonal approximant (ap-) phase with orthorhombic (a=1.48 nm, b=1.24 nm, c=1.25 nm) structure was also formed in the range of 35 to 45 at%Mn and 15 to 30 at%Ge in as-quenched state. The ap-phase was identified as an equilibrium phase in the vicinity of 35 at%Mn and 25 at%Ge. The ap-phase appears by the peritectic reaction of liquid (L)+γ(Al8Mn5)→ap-phase. A large single ap-phase was synthesized by the Czochralski method and had a large magnetic anisotropy with an easy magnetization axis along the quasiperiodic direction and a hard magnetization axis along the periodic direction. By the grain size refinement of the ap- and d-phases with a large magnetization anisotropy, the intrinsic coercive force (iHc) increased significantly. High iHc of 504 kA/m (6.3 kOe), residual magnetization (Ir) of 15.1 μWbm/kg (12 emu/g) and magnetization of 21.4 μWbm/kg (17 emu/g) at 1430 A/m (I1430) were obtained for the finely mixed structure consisting of ap- and d-phases with a size of about 200 nm which was prepared by annealing the decagonal melt-spun ribbon.
Data from Increased Expression of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase RNF5 Is Associated with Decreased Survival in Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The selective ubiquitination of proteins by ubiquitin E3 ligases plays an important regulatory role in control of cell differentiation, growth, and transformation and their dysregulation is often associated with pathologic outcomes, including tumorigenesis. RNF5 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that has been implicated in motility and endoplasmic reticulum stress response. Here, we show that RNF5 expression is up-regulated in breast cancer tumors and related cell lines. Elevated expression of RNF5 was seen in breast cancer cell lines that became more sensitive to cytochalasin D– and paclitaxel-induced apoptosis following its knockdown with specific short interfering RNA. Inhibition of RNF5 expression markedly decreased cell proliferation and caused a reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in response to stress in MCF-7 but not in p53 mutant breast cancer cells, suggesting a p53-dependent function. Significantly, high levels of RNF5 were associated with decreased survival in human breast cancer specimens. Similarly, RNF5 levels were higher in metastatic melanoma specimens and in melanoma, leukemia, ovarian, and renal tumor-derived cell lines, suggesting that increased RNF5 expression may be a common event during tumor progression. These results indicate that RNF5 is a novel regulator of breast cancer progression through its effect on actin cytoskeletal alterations, which also affect sensitivity of breast cancer cells to cytoskeletal targeting antineoplastic agents. [Cancer Res 2007;67(17):8172–9]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Incorporating a pre-attention mechanism in fuzzy attribute graphs for sequential image segmentation (2008)

Sequential methods for knowledgebased recognition of structures require to define in which order the structures have to be recognized. We propose to address this problem by integrating pre-attention mechanisms, in the form of a saliency map, in the determination of the order. As pre-attention mechanisms extract knowledge from an image without object recognition in advance and do not require any a priori knowledge on the image, they provide useful knowledge for guiding object segmentation and recognition. Additionally, we make use of generic knowledge of the scene, expressed as spatial relations, since they play a crucial role in modelbased image recognition and interpretation due to their stability compared to many other image appearance characteristics. Graphs are well adapted to represent this information, and finding an order then amounts to find a path in a graph. The proposed algorithms are applied on brain image understanding.
The acutely occluded left main coronary artery culprit in cardiogenic shock and initial percutaneous coronary intervention: a substudy of the Manitoba “no option” left main PCI registry (2012)

We aim to describe the in-hospital outcomes of the first reported Canadian cohort of patients with cardiogenic shock and acute myocardial infarction (MI) due to acute and total occlusion of the left main coronary artery, treated with initial percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Acute left main thromboses with cardiogenic shock were identified (N = 8) from a retrospective consecutive cohort of high risk left main PCI (N = 56) performed at our institution from 2004–2009. The mean age was 62.3 ± 13.2 years, with 6 (75%) male patients. Successful PCI was performed in all patients, with thrombectomy utilized in 4 patients (50%), stenting in 7 patients (88%), and intra-aortic balloon pump augmentation in 7 patients (88%). Two patients (25%) required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and 2 other patients required ventricular assist devices. Post-PCI coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was performed for 2 patients (25%). The mean SYNTAX score was 26.6 ± 10.5. The mean logistic EuroSCORE was 30.4 ± 12.6%. In-hospital mortality occurred in 3 patients (38%). Acute left main occlusion is a rare but devastating presentation of myocardial infarction, invariably with cardiogenic shock. Emergent PCI may be an effective method to acutely revascularize this subset of patients; however, aggressive post-PCI care including ECMO, CABG, and ventricular support may be required to improve patient survival.
FORMOSA-B: A Boiling Water Reactor In-Core Fuel Management Optimization Package II (2000)

As part of the continuing development of the boiling water reactor in-core fuel management optimization code FORMOSA-B, the fidelity of the core simulator has been improved and a control rod pattern (CRP) sampling capability has been added. The robustness of the core simulator is first demonstrated by benchmarking against core load-follow depletion predictions of both SIMULATE-3 and MICROBURN-B2 codes. The CRP sampling capability, based on heuristic rules, is next successfully tested on a fixed fuel loading pattern (LP) to yield a feasible CRP that removes the thermal margin and critical flow constraint violations. Its performance in facilitating a spectral shift flow operation is also demonstrated, and then its significant influence on the cost of thermal margin is presented. Finally, the heuristic CRP sampling capability is coupled with the stochastic LP optimization capability in FORMOSA-B—based on simulated annealing (SA)—to solve the combined CRP-LP optimization problem. Effectiveness of the sampling in improving the efficiency of the SA adaptive algorithm is shown by comparing the results to those obtained with the sampling turned off (i.e., only LP optimization is carried out for the fixed reference CRP). The results presented clearly indicate the successful implementation of the CRP sampling algorithm and demonstrate FORMOSA-B’s enhanced optimization features, which facilitate the code’s usage for broader optimization studies.
Square-wave anodic stripping analysis in the presence of dissolved oxygen (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSquare-wave anodic stripping analysis in the presence of dissolved oxygenMarek. Wojclechowski, Winston. Go, and Janet. OsteryoungCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 1, 155–158Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00279a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00279a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views219Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Barycentric Vector Fitting Algorithm for Efficient Macromodeling of Linear Multiport Systems (2013)

Common-pole modeling of frequency responses can be time consuming for systems with highly resonant responses. This letter presents a Barycentric Vector Fitting algorithm that improves the running time of existing Vector Fitting algorithms. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated by applying it to coupled microstrip lines. Numerical results confirm the accuracy of the model and the savings in computation time.