gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new modified FIR filter digitally controlled full bridge converter (2012)

This paper presents a new fast response digitally controlled full bridge converter which combines the fast proportional-differential control with the FIR filter. In the proposed method, the sample timing for proportional-differential control is contrived. Thus, the delay time for proportional-differential control is minimized. The FIR filter is used in order to minimize the steady-state-errors. It is confirmed that the proposed method has superior transient response compared to the conventional method. The proposed digitally controlled parallel full bridge converter is suitable to the renewable energy system.
Fast extraction of tubular and tree 3D surfaces with front propagation methods (2003)

We present a new fast approach for surface segmentation of thin structures, like vessels and vascular trees, based on Fast Marching and Level Sets methods. Fast Marching allows segmentation of tubular structures inflating a "long balloon" from a user given single point. However, when the tubular shape is rather long, the front propagation may blow up through the boundary of the desired shape close to the starting point. Our contribution is focused on a way to go on front propagation only on the actually moving front and freezing other points. We demonstrate the ability to build a fast and accurate segmentation for those tubular and We structures. We also develop a useful stopping criterion for the causal front propagation. We illustrate our algorithms by applications on the segmentation of vessels in 3D medical images.
Crystal structure at -35.degree.C of (.pi.-cyclopentadienyl)(bis(diphenylphosphine)ethane)(acetonitrile)iron tetraphenylborate and evidence for cationic iron-methylene complexes (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystal structure at -35.degree.C of (.pi.-cyclopentadienyl)(bis(diphenylphosphine)ethane)(acetonitrile)iron tetraphenylborate and evidence for cationic iron-methylene complexesPaul E. Riley, Charles E. Capshew, Rowland Pettit, and Raymond E. DavisCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1978, 17, 2, 408–414Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50180a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50180a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views94Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Effect of vertical handovers on performance of TCP-friendly rate control (2004)

An intersystem or vertical handover is a key enabling mechanism for next generations of mobile communication systems. A vertical handover can cause an abrupt change of up to two orders of magnitude in link bandwidth and latency. It is hard for end-to-end congestion control to adapt promptly to such changes. This is especially a concern for slowly responsive congestion control algorithms, such as TCP-Friendly Rate Control (TFRC). TFRC is designed to provide a smooth transmission rate for real-time applications and, therefore, is less responsive to changes in network conditions than TCP. Using measurements and simulation, we show that TFRC has significant difficulties adapting after a vertical handover. TFRC receives only a fraction of TCP throughput over a fast link, but can be grossly unfair to concurrent TCP flows after handover to a slow link. We show that two proposals based on overbuffering and an explicit handover notification are effective solutions to these problems. Using them, TFRC can quickly adapt to new link characteristics after a handover, while otherwise maintaining a smooth transmission rate.
Oral iron acutely elevates bacterial growth in human serum (2015)

Iron deficiency is the most common nutrient deficiency worldwide and routine supplementation is standard policy for pregnant mothers and children in most low-income countries. However, iron lies at the center of host-pathogen competition for nutritional resources and recent trials of iron administration in African and Asian children have resulted in significant excesses of serious adverse events including hospitalizations and deaths. Increased rates of malaria, respiratory infections, severe diarrhea and febrile illnesses of unknown origin have all been reported, but the mechanisms are unclear. We here investigated the ex vivo growth characteristics of exemplar sentinel bacteria in adult sera collected before and 4 h after oral supplementation with 2 mg/kg iron as ferrous sulfate. Escherichia coli, Yersinia enterocolitica and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (all gram-negative bacteria) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (gram-positive) showed markedly elevated growth in serum collected after iron supplementation. Growth rates were very strongly correlated with transferrin saturation (p < 0.0001 in all cases). Growth of Staphylococcus aureus, which preferentially scavenges heme iron, was unaffected. These data suggest that even modest oral supplements with highly soluble (non-physiological) iron, as typically used in low-income settings, could promote bacteremia by accelerating early phase bacterial growth prior to the induction of immune defenses.
0.25 µm Electron Beam Direct Writing Techniques for 256 Mbit Dynamic Random Access Memory Fabrication (1993)

This paper describes improved 0.25 µm electron beam (EB) direct writing techniques for 256 Mbit dynamic random access memory (DRAM) fabrication. In particular, three techniques were each improved and optimized: (1) an EB writing system technique for improving overlay accuracy, (2) a resist process technique for fabricating reliable fine patterns, and (3) a pattern data preparation technique for correcting proximity effect and reducing data conversion time. The overlay accuracy for the EB direct writing layer to the mark detection layer was improved to under 0.075 µm(|| x̄|| +3σ), which is sufficient for the required alignment tolerance. The resist system was optimized for each EB direct writing layer considering a deposited energy distribution, which was calculated by the Monte Carlo method. To reduce data conversion time (central processing unit (CPU) time), a vector processing technique and a 1-dimensional caiculation method applied to proximity effect correction were developed, and a drastic reduction to about 30-60 min was achieved. Utilizing these iechniques, a 256 Mbit DRAM having a feature size of 0.25 µm was successfully fabricated.
A regularized deep learning approach for image de-blurring (2017)

In this paper, a novel convolutional neural network model for blind deconvolution of images is proposed. The structure of the model is based on two sub models devoted, respectively, to deblurring and denoising of an input image. The model has been designed to restore a picture affected by different kinds of noise. The main innovation is the introduction of a regularization term in the training cost function, based on a blurred/non-blurred classification tool. Results show interesting features of the model, particularly regarding the robustness of results. The comparison with other state-of-the-art models confirms the value of the model proposed in this study.
Profiling a Selective Probe for RTG Branch of Yeast TORC1 Signaling Pathway (2013)

In this report, we describe a high throughput flow cytometry based multiplexed screen for molecules that either functionally mimic rapamycin (e.g. those that are transducer of regulated CREB 1 [TORC1] pathway selective, but non-discriminating of TORC1 branchpoints) or compounds that selectively target individual branches of the yeast TORC1 pathway. The high throughput screening (HTS) and the subsequent follow-up structure activity relationship (SAR) studies identified a chemotype that contains analogs of both functional types. Obtaining structurally related analogs with differential selectivity assisted in the characterization of the probe and the pathway in which it operates. Here we report ML231 as a TORC1 Retrograde signaling (RTG) branch selective probe (CIT2 EC50 = 3.8 μM). ML231 is selective on the RTG branch and only affects expression of a small subset of rapamycin-responsive genes. This selectivity appears unrelated to solubility as we showed that a more soluble analog was also selective on the RTG branch. ML231 and its analogs inhibited Sch9 phosphorylation, the major substrate and downstream effector of the TORC1 pathway. This result indicates that this chemotype affects TORC1 activity. ML231 inhibited TORC1 activity incompletely, as compared to a related analog, SID 96099781, which mimicked rapamycin and demonstrated complete TORC1 inhibition. This feature may be partially attributable to the branch selectivity of ML231. ML231 behaved very differently from SID 96099781 in the TORC1 bypass cell growth assay, showing that selective compounds may function downstream of TORC1 while SID 96099781 functions upstream or at the level of TORC1. This result suggests that the ML231 targets components downstream of TORC1, thus executing a partial function of TORC1. Collectively, this suggests that ML231 targets the RTG branch selectively. We further showed that ML231 induced the nuclear translocation of Rtg1p/Rtg3p transcription factors and the activity of ML231 on the CIT2 gene expression was dependent on the Rtg2 protein. These results further confirmed the activity of ML231 on the RTG branch. Although ML231 possesses structural and solubility challenges, this probe represents an achievement in target of rapamycin (TOR) selectivity that to our knowledge has not been previously described. ML231 will be used by investigators focusing on TORC1 signaling, RTG pathways and regulatory signaling between mitochondria and the nucleus.
Cognitive, emotion control, and motor performance of adolescents in the NCANDA study: Contributions from alcohol consumption, age, sex, ethnicity, and family history of addiction. (2016)

Higher achievement with older age and pubertal stage in general ability, abstraction, attention, emotion, and balance suggests continued functional development through adolescence, possibly supported by concurrently maturing frontal, limbic, and cerebellar brain systems. Determination of whether low scores by the exceeds-threshold group resulted from drinking or from other preexisting factors requires longitudinal study. (PsycINFO Database Record
Cross phase modulation resonances in WDM systems (2003)

We present a theoretical treatment of cross-phase modulation enhancement due to the effects of periodic gain and loss in an all-optical WDM transmission line.
A Dilute-and-Shoot LC–MS Method for Quantitating Opioids in Oral Fluid (2015)

Opioid testing represents a dominant share of the market in pain management clinical testing facilities. Testing of this drug class in oral fluid (OF) has begun to rise in popularity. OF analysis has traditionally required extensive clean-up protocols and sample concentration, which can be avoided. This work highlights the use of a fast, 'dilute-and-shoot' method that performs no considerable sample manipulation. A quantitative method for the determination of eight common opioids and associated metabolites (codeine, morphine, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, norhydrocodone, oxycodone, noroxycodone and oxymorphone) in OF is described herein. OF sample is diluted 10-fold in methanol/water and then analyzed using an Agilent chromatographic stack coupled with an AB SCIEX 4500. The method has a 2.2-min LC gradient and a cycle time of 2.9 min. In contrast to most published methods of this particular type, this method uses no sample clean-up or concentration and has a considerably faster LC gradient, making it ideal for very high-throughput laboratories. Importantly, the method requires only 100 μL of sample and is diluted 10-fold prior to injection to help with instrument viability. Baseline separation of all isobaric opioids listed above was achieved on a phenyl-hexyl column. The validated calibration range for this method is 2.5-1,000 ng/mL. This 'dilute-and-shoot' method removes the unnecessary, costly and time-consuming extraction steps found in traditional methods and still surpasses all analytical requirements.
A diagnostic technique for evaluation of cathode emission performance and defects in vehicle assembly (1982)

A method for presenting cathode emission data has been developed which yields cathode performance curves in a convenient form for the cathode engineer, design engineer, and end user. The curves provide important diagnostic information not previously available which characterizes cathode emission performance over the entire range of operation and indicates defects in device fabrication. Direct comparisons of measurements on cathodes of various size and vehicle configuration are possible due to the normalized form of the performance curves. Construction of the curves and their interpretation are discussed.
The Fundamental Limit of Flash Random Write Performance: Understanding, Analysis and Performance Modelling (2010)

The understanding, analysis and modelling of the fundamental limit of the sustained random write performance and endurance of Flash solid state drives (SSDs) are critical for Flash SSD vendors and storage system designers and practitioners. This not only helps design high-performance Flash SSDs, but also dictates how Flash can be integrated into today’s memory and storage hierarchy. This paper analyzes the fundamental limit of the sustained random write performance of Flash SSDs. An empirical model is developed to compute the write amplification and performance slowdown factor for the greedy garbage collection policy under a pure random write workload. Potential causes of the commonly observed performance slowdown are investigated, and remedies suggested. In particular, we quantitatively demonstrate the potential for enhancing the random write performance and endurance by separating long-lived data from short-lived data inside Flash SSDs. Moreover, our theoretical results suggest a tiered storage system in which cold (i.e., infrequently used) data blocks are moved to a hard disk drive (HDD) to improve cost effectiveness and to reduce Flash memory utilization, which improves garbage collection performance.
Direct mapping of an agonist-binding domain within the parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related protein receptor by photoaffinity crosslinking (1997)

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and PTH-related protein (PTHrP) are calciotropic hormones interacting with a shared seven-transmembrane domain G protein-coupled receptor, which is located predominantly in bone and kidney. To map the interface of the bimolecular interaction between hormone and receptor, we designed and radioiodinated a bioactive, photoreactive PTH agonist, (125)I-[Nle(8,18),Lys13(epsilon-p-(3-I-Bz)Bz),L-2-Nal(23),Arg(26,2 7),Tyr34] bPTH-(1-34)NH2 ((125)I-all-R-K13). This ligand contains a photoreactive benzophenone moiety attached to the side chain of Lys13. All other lysyl residues are substituted by argynyls. The analog photocrosslinks specifically to the recombinant hPTH/PTHrP receptor stably transfected into human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293/C-21 cells, approximately 400,000 receptors per cell), generating a diffuse approximately 87-kDa band on SDS/PAGE autoradiography. To identify the "contact domain" within the hPTH/PTHrP receptor involved in binding of (125)I-all-R-K13, the radiolabeled band containing the ligand-receptor conjugate was subjected to chemical and enzymatic cleavage. Two independent pathways of sequential digestion were used: Route A, lysyl endopeptidase C, then endo-N-glycosidase F, followed by cyanogen bromide; Route B, cyanogen bromide followed by endo-N-glycosydase F. The identified domain is in contact with position 13 in (125)I-all-R-K13 and corresponds to amino acids 173-189 of the hPTH/PTHrP receptor, located at the C-terminal region of the N-terminal extracellular domain.
Opportunities from Doping of Non‐Critical Metal Oxides in Last Generation Light‐Conversion Devices (2021)

Abstract The need to develop sustainable energy solutions is an urgent requirement for society, with the additional requirement to limit dependence on critical raw materials, within a virtuous circular economy model. In this framework, it is essential to identify new avenues for light‐conversion into clean energy and fuels exploiting largely available materials and green production methods. Metal oxide semiconductors (MOSs) emerge among other species for their remarkable environmental stability, chemical tunability, and optoelectronic properties. MOSs are often key constituents in next generation energy devices, mainly in the role of charge selective layers. Their use as light harvesters is hitherto rather limited, but progressively emerging. One of the key strategies to boost their properties involves doping, that can improve charge mobility, light absorption and tune band structures to maximize charge separation at heterojunctions. In this review, effective methods to dope MOSs and to exploit the derived benefits in relation to performance enhancement in different types of devices are identified and critically compared. The work is focused specifically on the best opportunities coming from the use of non‐critical raw materials, so as to contribute in defining an economically feasible roadmap for light conversion technologies based on these highly stable and widely available compounds.
Analysis of Hepatic Disposition of Native and Galactosylated Polyethylenimine Complexed with Plasmid DNA in Perfused Rat Liver (2003)

We studied the intrahepatic disposition characteristics of galactosylated polyethylenimine (Gal-PEI)/plasmid DNA (pDNA) complexes using rat liver perfusion experiment. After intraportal administration, transfection activity in liver of Gal-PEI complexes was approximately 26-fold higher than that of native PEI complexes. To evaluate the relationship between hepatic gene expression and disposition profiles, hepatic disposition of Gal-PEI complexes were pharmacokinetically analyzed by use of perfused rat liver, which enables uptake characteristics intrinsic to the liver to be elucidated. Moment analysis revealed that both complexes exhibited very high single-pass extraction. To characterize each kinetic process in hepatic uptake of Gal-PEI complexes, their outflow profiles were analyzed based on a two-compartment dispersion model. Consequently, the tissue binding affinity of Gal-PEI complexes was 3.0-fold larger than that of native PEI complexes, suggesting the increasing of hepatic binding affinity much enhanced the hepatic gene transfection efficiency. In contrast, galactosylation of PEI did not affected internalization (and/or sequestration) rate.
N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Conjugate Umpolung for the Synthesis of γ-Butyrolactones (2006)

The N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed conjugate Umpolung of differently substituted α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, e. g. cinnamaldehydes, α-methylcinnamaldehydes, and crotonaldehydes, is described. Coupling of these compounds with a variety of electrophilic aldehydes and ketones results in the selective formation of highly substituted β- and γ-butyrolactones.
Trisection bandpass filter based on quarter-mode substrat integrated waveguide (2015)

This paper presents a microwave bandpass filter using a triplet configuration to realize cross coupling. A structure called quarter-mode substrate integrated waveguide (QMSIW) is applied in these resonators to achieve the planar form. QMSIW is an isosceles right triangular microstrip patch loaded with an array of metallic via-holes along its hypotenuse which can be equivalent as an electric wall and the other two edges are equal to magnetic walls. The filter was simulated and fabricated at the center of 2.35GHz with a bandwidth of 330 MHz and good agreement was achieved between the simulated results and those measured.
Millimeter-Wave Sensing of Diabetes-Relevant Glucose Concentration Changes in Pigs (2018)

The paper presents the first in vivo glucose monitoring animal study in a pig, which correlates radio frequency signal transmission changes with changes in blood glucose concentration in the 58–62 GHz frequency range. The presented non-invasive glucose sensing system consists of two opposite facing patch antennas sandwiching glucose-loaded samples. Prior to the animal study, the system was tested using saline solution samples, for which a linear relationship between changes in transmitted signal and glucose concentration was observed. In the animal study, glucose concentration changes were induced by injecting a known glucose solution in the blood stream. The non-invasive transmission measurements were compared to the glucose levels obtained invasively from the animal. Our results suggest that the system can detect spikes in glucose concentration in the blood, which is an important milestone towards non-invasive glucose monitoring.
Chapter 7. Node-Centric Hybrid Routing for Wireless Internetworking (2006)

Multihop packet radio networks (or ad-hoc networks) consist of wire- less routers that interconnect attached hosts without the need of any pre-established communication infrastructure These networks play an important role in relief scenarios, battlefields and conference scenarios where there is no base infrastructure Table-driven or proactive routing protocols can incur excessive signaling overhead in large ad-hoc networks (e.g., networks with hundreds of nodes or more), because each node in the network must maintain routing information for every other network node, even if the node never needs to handle traffic destined for some nodes arid the path between any two nodes in a highly mobile environment changes frequently. Control overhead in proactive routing protocols increases with the size of the network and becomes redundant if the number of communicating peers is much less than the total number of nodes in the network.
DRX mechanism for power saving in LTE (2009)

Enhanced discontinuous reception mode is supported in long term evolution of 3GPP standards to conserve the mobile terminal's battery power. Furthermore, there are additional advantages in using DRX, such as over-the-air resource saving on both the uplink and downlink to increase overall system capacity. One of the enhancements over 3G wireless systems is that in LTE DRX mode can be enabled even when the user equipment is registered with the evolved node-B. However, there is a need to optimize the DRX parameters, so as to maximize power saving without incurring network re-entry and packet delay. In particular, care should be exercised for real-time services. In this article the power saving methods in both network attached and network idle modes as outlined in LTE are explained. The optimum criteria to select the DRX mode are defined for different applications. Analytical/simulation results are presented to show the power saving/connection reestablishment and packet delay.