gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinetic Study of Adsorption of Poly (acrylic acid) and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate on Alumina Particles (2001)

pH 5.2でアルミナ粒子へのポリアクリル酸 (PAA) とドデシル硫酸ナトリウム (SDS) の動的吸着挙動を吸着量ならびに分散安定性の時間変化から調べた。PAAとSDSの単独系からの吸着量は短時間で急激に増加し飽和に達した。一方, 単分子層吸着ならびに二層吸着に対応する2つの初期濃度を用いたSDSとPAAの同時吸着において, PAAの吸着量は短時間でいちじるしく増加してから減少し, 一定値に達し, またSDSの吸着量は単独の場合と同じ挙動を示した。さらに, アルミナ粒子の分散安定性もPAAならびにSDSの吸着時間に対して影響を受けた。アルミナ粒子へのPAAとSDSとの動的な吸着挙動の機構について議論した。
On Predictive Modeling for Optimizing Transaction Execution in Parallel\n OLTP Systems (2011)

A new emerging class of parallel database management systems (DBMS) is\ndesigned to take advantage of the partitionable workloads of on-line\ntransaction processing (OLTP) applications. Transactions in these systems are\noptimized to execute to completion on a single node in a shared-nothing cluster\nwithout needing to coordinate with other nodes or use expensive concurrency\ncontrol measures. But some OLTP applications cannot be partitioned such that\nall of their transactions execute within a single-partition in this manner.\nThese distributed transactions access data not stored within their local\npartitions and subsequently require more heavy-weight concurrency control\nprotocols. Further difficulties arise when the transaction's execution\nproperties, such as the number of partitions it may need to access or whether\nit will abort, are not known beforehand. The DBMS could mitigate these\nperformance issues if it is provided with additional information about\ntransactions. Thus, in this paper we present a Markov model-based approach for\nautomatically selecting which optimizations a DBMS could use, namely (1) more\nefficient concurrency control schemes, (2) intelligent scheduling, (3) reduced\nundo logging, and (4) speculative execution. To evaluate our techniques, we\nimplemented our models and integrated them into a parallel, main-memory OLTP\nDBMS to show that we can improve the performance of applications with diverse\nworkloads.\n
Computerized Design and Generation of Low-Noise Helical Gears With Modified Surface Topology (1994)

Abstract An approach for design and generation of low-noise helical gears with localized bearing contact is proposed. The approach is applied to double circular arc helical gears and modified involute helical gears. The reduction of noise and vibration is achieved by application of a predesigned parabolic function of transmission errors that is able to absorb a discontinuous linear function of transmission errors caused by misalignment. The localization of the bearing contact is achieved by the mismatch of pinion-gear tooth surfaces. Computerized simulation of meshing and contact of the designed gears demonstrated that the proposed approach will produce a parabolic transmission errors function when misalignment is present. Numerical examples for illustration of the developed approach are given.
A Finite Helical Axis as a Landmark for Kinematic Reference of the Knee (1991)

Reference coordinates based on the finite helical axis for flexion of the knee from 0 to 90 deg are proposed. Six degree-of-freedom tracking allows the use of such a helical axis as a kinematic landmark for knee motion representation. Data from five human subjects in vivo are presented as a path of finite helical axes for flexion of the knee from 20 to 80 deg. The finite helical axis rotates by an average of 11.4 deg, the centrode translates an average of 19.8 mm, and the total axial translation averages 0.1 mm during flexion from 20 to 80 deg. Error due to the transducer was measured on a fixed-pivot pendulum and found to be 1.0 deg and 1.9 mm rms for the helical axis orientation and position, respectively, and 0.1 mm for the axial translation. Reproducibility and soft tissue effects on the measurements were repeatable to 4.0 deg and 2.7 mm rms in orientation and position, respectively, and 0.1 mm for the axial translations. Soft tissue errors averaged 4.9 deg and 3.6 mm in position and orientation, and 0.3 mm in the axial translations.
Systems Approach to Ground Vehicle Electromagnetic Compatibility (2010)

&lt;title&gt;ABSTRACT&lt;/title&gt; &lt;p&gt;BAE Systems has developed a system level approach for identifying the issues associated with collocating Blue Force Communications with other on-board emitters. Specific scenarios include broadband interference caused by Electronic Warfare (EW) and radio congestion. Our approach is divided into three (3) functional areas to resolve this complex situation: (1) the proper selection and placement of Advanced Antenna Structures. (2) Receiver front end overloading protection through the use of a Wide Band Frequency Domain Cancellation Analog/Digital RF cancellation process. (3) The further refinement of the signal through the use of Digital Signal Processing for interference estimation, tracking, and cancellation based on efficient adaptive algorithms.&lt;/p&gt;
HELIC-II: As a legal argumentation support system (2002)

Summary form only given. The authors present HELIC-II, a legal reasoning system on the parallel inference machine. HELIC-II draws legal conclusions for a given case by referring to a statutory law (legal rules) and judicial precedents (old cases). This system consists of two inference engines. The rule-based engine draws legal consequences logically by using legal rules. The case-based engine generates legal concepts by referencing similar old cases. These engines together draw all possible conclusions, and output them in the form of inference trees. Using these inference trees HELIC-II can support arguments in a legal suit. HELIC-II can draw conclusions quickly by parallel inference.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
AUGER ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY MADE QUANTITATIVE BY ELLIPSOMETRIC CALIBRATION (1971)

Auger electron spectroscopy has been calibrated for various atoms absorbed on clean silicon surfaces by using ellipsometry. The Auger peak heights, measured as the first derivative of the energy distribution, were found to be proportional to surface coverage up to 1.5 monoatomic layer. The advantages of this particular combination of techniques are discussed.
Myoepithelial and epithelial–myoepithelial, mesenchymal and fibroepithelial breast lesions: updates from the WHO Classification of Tumours of the Breast 2012 (2013)

In the 4th edition of the WHO Classification of Tumours of the Breast, myoepithelial lesions are retitled myoepithelial and epithelial-myoepithelial lesions in order to better reflect the dual participation of luminal and myoepithelial compartments in some key entities. Malignant myoepithelioma, described as a section within the chapter on myoepithelial lesions in the 3rd edition, is recognised in the 4th edition as part of metaplastic carcinoma. Adenomyoepithelioma with malignancy is categorised in terms of the cellular component undergoing malignant transformation. The list of antibodies that can be used for identifying myoepithelial cells is updated. Among mesenchymal lesions, new additions are nodular fasciitis and atypical vascular lesions, while the haemangiopericytoma is removed. The 3rd edition stated that pathological prediction of behaviour of phyllodes tumours is difficult in the individual case. In the 4th edition, some progress has been made in prioritisation and weighting of histological parameters that can potentially estimate probability of recurrence. The WHO Working Group advocates leaning towards a diagnosis of fibroadenoma in cases where there is histological uncertainty in distinction from a benign phyllodes tumour, or adopting the neutral term 'benign fibroepithelial neoplasm', as the clinical behaviour of fibroadenoma overlaps with that of benign phyllodes tumour. The 3rd edition terminology of 'periductal stromal sarcoma' is revised to 'periductal stromal tumour', akin to the widespread consensus to avoid the use of the term 'cystosarcoma' in the context of phyllodes tumours.
Anterior lens capsule management in pediatric cataract surgery. (2004)

All five capsulotomy techniques are recommendable for children. Only the vitrectorhexis and manual CCC are commonly used today. Vitrectorhexis is well suited for use in infants and young children; manual CCC is best used beyond infancy, and it produces the most stable edge.
Optical and magneto-optical properties of Au:Conanoparticles and Co:Aunanoparticles doped magnetoplasmonic systems (2015)

We report a study of Au:CoNPs and Co:AuNPs doped magnetoplasmonic systems. In particular, we analyze the effect of adding different concentrations of Co (or Au) nanoparticles (NPs) in a Au (or Co) matrix on both the optical and magneto-optical constants. Through the use of a simple effective medium model, relevant changes in the optical properties of the Au NPs compared to those of bulk material have been identified. Such effects are not observed in the Co NPs system. However, in both systems, there is an increase of the effective diameter of the NPs as compared to the real diameter that can be due to interface effects surrounding the NPs. Moreover, the magneto-optical constants values of both systems are smaller (in absolute values) than expected, which could also be attributed to interface effects such as hybridization between Au and Co.
ARTIST: High-Resolution Genome-Wide Assessment of Fitness Using Transposon-Insertion Sequencing (2014)

Transposon-insertion sequencing (TIS) is a powerful approach for deciphering genetic requirements for bacterial growth in different conditions, as it enables simultaneous genome-wide analysis of the fitness of thousands of mutants. However, current methods for comparative analysis of TIS data do not adjust for stochastic experimental variation between datasets and are limited to interrogation of annotated genomic elements. Here, we present ARTIST, an accessible TIS analysis pipeline for identifying essential regions that are required for growth under optimal conditions as well as conditionally essential loci that participate in survival only under specific conditions. ARTIST uses simulation-based normalization to model and compensate for experimental noise, and thereby enhances the statistical power in conditional TIS analyses. ARTIST also employs a novel adaptation of the hidden Markov model to generate statistically robust, high-resolution, annotation-independent maps of fitness-linked loci across the entire genome. Using ARTIST, we sensitively and comprehensively define Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Vibrio cholerae loci required for host infection while limiting inclusion of false positive loci. ARTIST is applicable to a broad range of organisms and will facilitate TIS-based dissection of pathways required for microbial growth and survival under a multitude of conditions.
Dissolution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from weathered contaminated soil (1996)

Dissolution of PAHs from soil contaminated with multi-component coal tar was investigated using a polymeric adsorbent, Tenax-TA and a nonionic surfactant, Brij 30. Tenax created maximum concentration gradient at the soil/water interface, thus maximizing interfacial mass transfer. Even in the presence of Tenax, the release of PAHs from the weathered soil was a very slow, noneqilibrium process. The rate-limiting step in the release of PAH was identified as diffusional mass transfer within the contaminant-soil matrix. Based on model analyses, the key parameter controlling dissolution of PAHs from the soil was found to be the diffusivities of PAHs within the soil/tar matrix. Brij 30 solution (5.5 g/L) substantially increased the rate of PAH dissolution from the soil. The enhanced mass transfer rates of PAHs by Brij 30 were attributed to their enhanced matrix diffusivities rather than their increased aqueous solubilities. Matrix diffusivities of PAHs in Brij 30 solution increased by two orders of magnitude compared with those with Tenax. Swelling of the weathered tar matrix of the soil by infiltrating surfactant molecules was suggested as the mechanism responsible for the observed diffusivity enhancement.
Obsèques du Père Lucien Hérault, à Alger (1913)

Klein Henri. Obsèques du Père Lucien Hérault, à Alger. In: Les Feuillets d'El-Djezaïr, volume 6, 1913. Les rues de l'ancien et du nouvel Alger – L'esclavage européen. p. 57.
Chitin Binding Proteins Act Synergistically with Chitinases in Serratia proteamaculans 568 (2012)

Genome sequence of Serratia proteamaculans 568 revealed the presence of three family 33 chitin binding proteins (CBPs). The three Sp CBPs (Sp CBP21, Sp CBP28 and Sp CBP50) were heterologously expressed and purified. Sp CBP21 and Sp CBP50 showed binding preference to β-chitin, while Sp CBP28 did not bind to chitin and cellulose substrates. Both Sp CBP21 and Sp CBP50 were synergistic with four chitinases from S. proteamaculans 568 (Sp ChiA, Sp ChiB, Sp ChiC and Sp ChiD) in degradation of α- and β-chitin, especially in the presence of external electron donor (reduced glutathione). Sp ChiD benefited most from Sp CBP21 or Sp CBP50 on α-chitin, while Sp ChiB and Sp ChiD had major advantage with these Sp CBPs on β-chitin. Dose responsive studies indicated that both the Sp CBPs exhibit synergism ≥ 0.2 µM. The addition of both Sp CBP21 and Sp CBP50 in different ratios to a synergistic mixture did not significantly increase the activity. Highly conserved polar residues, important in binding and activity of CBP21 from S. marcescens (Sm CBP21), were present in Sp CBP21 and Sp CBP50, while Sp CBP28 had only one such polar residue. The inability of Sp CBP28 to bind to the test substrates could be attributed to the absence of important polar residues.
Impact of pulse duration on localized single-cell nano-electroporation (2014)

We introduce a localized single-cell membrane nano-electroporation with controllable sequential molecular delivery by millisecond to nanosecond electrical pulses. An intense electrical field was generated by a pair of transparent indium tin oxide (ITO)-based nano-electrodes, which was confined to a narrow region of the single-cell membrane surface near the nano-electrode edges (approximately 2 μm × 50 nm area), whereas the remaining area of the membrane was unaffected. Moreover, a 250 nm SiO2 passivation layer on top of the nano-electrode reduced not only the thermal effect on the cell membrane surface, but it also avoided the generation of ions during the experiment, resulting in the reduction of cell toxicity and a significant enhancement of cell viability. Our approach precisely delivers dyes, Quantum Dots (QDs) and plasmids, through a localized region of single HeLa cells by considerably enhanced electrophoresis and diffusion effects with different duration of the pulsing process. The smaller molecules took less time to deliver into a single cell with a single pulse, whereas larger biomolecules took longer time even for multiple numbers of long lasting pulses. The system not only generates sequential well-controlled nano-pores allowing for the rapid recovery of cell membranes, but it also provides spatial, temporal and qualitative dosage control to deliver biomolecules into localized single-cell levels, which can be potentially beneficial for single cell studies and therapeutic applications.
Ethnic differences in heterotopic ossification following total hip arthroplasty (2016)

African Americans are at an increased risk for developing heterotopic ossification and thus may benefit from HO prophylaxis. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:761-6.
Overview of the Management of Other Infections (1993)

Journal Article Overview of the Management of Other Infections Get access Gerald L. Mandell Gerald L. Mandell From the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Gerald L. Mandell, Division of Infectious Diseases, Box 385, MR4 Research Building, Room 2112, University of Virginia Medical Center, 300 Park Place, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 17, Issue Supplement_2, November 1993, Pages S550–S554, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/17.Supplement_2.S550 Published: 01 November 1993
Escherichia coli chromosomal mutations that permit direct cloning of the Bacteroides fragiiis metallo‐β‐lactamase gene, ccrA (1991)

The class B, metallo-beta-lactamase genes ccrA (carbapenem- and cephamycin resistance) from three Bacteroides fragilis isolates--QMCN3, QMCN4, and TAL3636--were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Cloning of the genes, by selecting for ampicillin resistance, was facilitated by two classes of Escherichia coli chromosomal mutations which resulted in at least a 5-10-fold increase in metallo-beta-lactamase enzymatic activity. The observed increase in enzymatic activity is due to either increased translation of the ccrA gene or an effect on localization or stability of the protein. Comparison of the DNA sequences of the three ccrA genes revealed that their protein-coding sequences shared greater than 97% DNA sequence identity. However, the 5' upstream sequence for the TAL3636 ccrA gene was unrelated to that of the other two genes.
Structure of AOT reversed micelles determined by small-angle neutron scattering (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of AOT reversed micelles determined by small-angle neutron scatteringMichael Kotlarchyk, John S. Huang, and Sow Hsin ChenCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 20, 4382–4386Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100266a046https://doi.org/10.1021/j100266a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1422Altmetric-Citations260LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Short‐term biological reproducibility of serum fatty acid composition in children (1987)

To assess the biological day-to-day reproducibility of the fatty acid composition in serum lipid fractions in children on their habitual diets, fasting serum specimens were collected from healthy 8- to 9-year-old boys at 2-day (n = 21) or 7-day (n = 19) intervals. Percentage compositions of fatty acids in serum cholesteryl esters (CE), triglycerides (TG), free fatty acids (FFA) and phospholipids (PL) were analyzed by gas chromatography. The reproducibility was estimated by calculating linear correlation coefficients between the values obtained at the two time-points. Generally the correlations were higher in CE and PL than in TG and FFA. In CE the 7-day correlations of major fatty acids were only slightly lower than the 2-day ones. In PL the impairment of correlations was somewhat greater than in CE, but in TG and FFA there was a marked drop in reproducibility from 2- to 7-day intervals. The 2-day correlation coefficients of the percentages of linoleate, dihomo-gamma-linolenate, arachidonate and eicosapentaenoate in CE were 0.95, 0.84, 0.91 and 0.92, respectively. In PL, the respective values were 0.86, 0.82, 0.95 and 0.90. The present results indicate high short-term biological reproducibility of fatty acid composition in serum CE and PL and clearly lower in those of TG and FFA.
Identification key for adhesives used in conservation of ceramics and glass (2019)

During conservation-restoration treatments the conservator is often confronted with works that have already been treated. Generally, these previous interventions are not documented and the conservator needs to identify previously used materials to apprehend the object’s material history and to orient conservation treatments.Instrumental methods can be used to precisely identify the chemical nature of these materials. However, they require expensive analytical instruments which are usually only available within scientific research institutions. Microchemical spots tests, taken from qualitative analytical chemistry, have been made available to conservators as an alternative solution. These methods are extensively used to approach the nature of pigments, charges and binders, commonly found in art objects. The identification of historical and contemporary adhesives has been scarcely addressed in the scientific literature. Simple physicochemical tests, sometimes coupled to spot tests, have been used. Nonetheless, these methodologies do not systematically include the entire range of available test tools as to produce a broader, general approach allowing to accurately discriminate larger numbers of adhesives.The identification key proposed in this research is easy and inexpensive to use by conservators in their private workshop. The identification key was tested on various samples taken from ceramics museum objects (see practical cases) and proved that this identification key can be successfully employed on naturally aged adhesives.However we found that some parameters changed over time, such as appearance and fluorescence that’s why we based our research on more objective characteristics. It would be interesting to continue this research by studying the influence of aging on the response of adhesives to different identification key analyses.In a second time to observe the influence of other factors such as fillers and/or pigments added in some adhesives.
Cleaning of pyrolytic hexagonal boron nitride surfaces (2015)

Hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) has recently garnered significant interest as a substrate and dielectric for two‐dimensional materials and devices based on graphene or transition metal dichalcogenides such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ). As substrate surface impurities and defects can negatively impact the structure and properties of two‐dimensional materials, h‐BN surface preparation and cleaning are a critical consideration. In this regard, we have utilized X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy to investigate the influence of several ex situ wet chemical and in situ thermal desorption cleaning procedures on pyrolytic h‐BN surfaces. Of the various wet chemistries investigated, a 10 : 1 buffered HF solution was found to produce surfaces with the lowest amount of oxygen and carbon contamination. Ultraviolet/ozone oxidation was found to be the most effective ex situ treatment for reducing carbon contamination. Annealing at 1050 °C in vacuum or 10 −5 Torr NH 3 was found to further reduce oxygen and carbon contamination to the XPS detection limits. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
A Multifunctional Proline‐Based Organic Catalyst for Enantioselective Aldol Reactions. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reviews (1995)

Journal Article Reviews Get access James W. Trent, Inventing the Feeble Mind: A History of Mental Retardation in the United States, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994. Pp. xii + 356. £30. ISBN 0- 520-08234-5. JOHN CARSON JOHN CARSON Wellcome Institute for the History of MedicineLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social History of Medicine, Volume 8, Issue 3, December 1995, Pages 522–523, https://doi.org/10.1093/shm/8.3.522 Published: 01 December 1995