gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluating waiting time with real-world health information in a high-volume cancer center (2020)

Wait time and scheduling for outpatient chemotherapy administration depends on various factors including infusion room hours of operation, availability of oncologists, nursing and pharmacy staffing, and physical space limitations. The aim of this study was to use the electronic event log of patients on health information system (HIS) to map and analyze patient flow in advanced metastatic colorectal patients at an academic cancer center. From January 2009 to December 2014, patients who were diagnosed with metastatic colorectal cancer and received outpatient chemotherapy confined to FOLFIRI (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan) or FOLFOX (folinic acid, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin) were identified. From the HIS, patient flow was mapped by collection of event records including blood collection and pretreatment laboratory test, arrival to outpatient clinics, outpatient session (interview, drug accountability and appointment scheduling), and initiation of chemotherapy. A total of 10,638 patients were analyzed for 136,281 outpatient visits. The total office stay time from outpatient registration to initiation of chemotherapy was 92.58 ± 87.96 (mean ± standard deviation) minutes. Each outpatient session lasted 23.75 ± 51.55 minutes. After completing the outpatient session, patients waited 1,657.23 ± 3,027.65 minutes before chemotherapy and 46.66 ± 75.94 minutes within infusion room. Compared to the prior first come first serve rule, the new reservation system showed an improvement in overall waiting time from 2,432.3 ± 4,822.9 to 2,386.7 ± 143.4 minutes; however, waiting time within infusion room slightly increased from 36.68 ± 49.33 to 48.13 ± 46.32 minutes. Our findings indicate that transaction data analytics from HIS can be used to evaluate patient flow within oncology outpatient practice based on real-world hospital data.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOSPECIFIC ROBINSON‐STORK ANELLATION OF HETEROAROMATIC C‐DIALKYLAMINO COMPOUNDS (1979)

Abstract 3‐Pyrrolidiny1‐benzofuran (Ia), ‐benzothiophen (Ic) und ‐benzoselenophen (Ib) addieren beim Erhitzen in Benzol an α,β‐ungesättigte Ketone (II) zu Michael‐ Addukten (III), von denen die Furan‐ und Selenophen‐Derivate (IIIa) und (IIIb) bei der Hydrolyse unter Anellierung zu (IV) cyclisieren.
Synthesis and Immunotropic Activity of Some 2-Aminobenzimidazoles, Part 4 (1998)

2-Aminobenzimidazole reacted with selected esters of α,β-unsaturated acids and α,β-unsaturated ketones to form derivatives of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazol-2-ones, 1,4-dihydropyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles, and 2-acetylaminobenzimidazole. 2-Cinnamoylaminobenzimidazole, 4-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazol-2-one, 4-(benzimidazol-2-yl-amino)-4-phenylbutan-2-one, and 4-methyl-2-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazole were tested for their potential activity in immunological assays in the mouse model. Compound 1, at a dose of 100 μg/mouse, significantly inhibited the humoral immune response and, at the same time, stimulated the cellular type of that response. The proliferative response of mouse splenocytes to concanavalin A was inhibited only at a higher dose (2 μg/ml). The immunotropic activity of 4, on the other hand, was uniformly strongly inhibitory in all applied tests. The suppressive activity of 4 was lower in the cellular immune response and proliferation tests than that of cyclosporin A.
Rod-coating all-solution fabrication of double functional graphene oxide films for flexible alternating current (AC)-driven light-emitting diodes (2014)

Graphene oxide (GO) as dielectric layer and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as thin-film electrode have been introduced into alternating current light emitting diode devices (AC LEDs) using the large-area Meyer rod-coating technique. Size-dependent effects of GO nanosheets ranging from 10–1200 μm2 have been investigated on the conductivity and transparency of the rGO thin-film electrodes on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. The optimized rGO films show a low sheet resistance of 2.6 kΩ sq−1 at a transmittance of 69% at 550 nm, exhibited higher stability over ITO thin films on PET after repetitive external tensile stress is applied. The prototype flexible AC LEDs have been fabricated on PET with a four-layer configuration of PET/rGO/ZnS:Cu phosphor/GO/rGO or PET/rGO/ZnS:Cu phosphor/BaTiO3/rGO. As a result, luminance in GO-based devices rises steadily with the increasing frequency of the driving voltage (up to 1500 Hz), while its luminance is surpassed in BaTiO3-based devices when the frequency reaches 700 Hz. Finally, a rod-coating method allows us to fabricate double functional graphene oxide-based flexible AC LED devices with a size of 14 cm × 18 cm, which opens a promising way for large-area LED displays.
Abstract 517: Glutaminolysis is Required to Initiate Myofibroblast Differentiation and Persistence During Stress (2019)

Cardiac fibrosis occurs in ischemic heart failure, genetic cardiomyopathies, diabetes, and aging. While initially considered reparative, resident cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) activation/differentiation to myofibroblasts provide contractile and integral support; however, persistent activation leads to progressive cardiac dysfunction and maladaptive remodeling. Recent reports implicate acute and/or chronic changes in metabolism as a central driver for many cellular differentiation programs. Indeed, metabolite bioavailability is directly linked to the activity of epigenetic-modifying enzymes implicated in lineage commitment and differentiation. We recently identified αKG-dependent lysine demethylases as key contributors to myofibroblast formation. Here, TGFβ stimulated fibroblasts isolated from adult mouse hearts were subjected to next-gen sequencing methodologies (RNA-seq, ATAC-seq, and RRBS-seq) to identify dynamic modifications in chromatin architecture and DNA accessibility at gene loci critical to the myofibroblast gene program. Utilizing unbiased and stable-isotope metabolomics, we correlated chromatin remodeling with a significant decrease in abundance/utilization of s-adenosylmethionine, the methyl donor for cytosine and histone methylation. In addition, a significant increase in αKG abundance driven by enhanced glutaminolysis was observed. To investigate the significance of glutaminolysis and enhanced αKG biosynthesis, we treated CFs with a glutaminase inhibitor (CB-839) and evaluated differentiation. Treatment with CB-839 in the presence of TGFβ prevented activation of the fibrotic gene program (RT-qPCR) and myofibroblast formation. Furthermore, following TGFβ-induced differentiation, inhibition of glutaminolysis was sufficient to revert activated myofibroblasts to a quiescent non-fibrotic phenotype, even during sustained stress. Importantly, this phenomenon is reproducible in CFs derived from human HF patients. Collectively, these results suggest a primary role for metabolism in not only initiating differentiation, but also the persistence of myofibroblasts, potentially through epigenetic-dependent gene transcription, providing new therapeutic targets to treat fibrosis.
Ambergis Fragrance Compounds from Labdanolic Acid and Larixol (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
448: INCREASED RISK OF HOSPITAL MORTALITY ASSOCIATED WITH ICU READMISSION IN INITIALLY LOW-RISK PATIENTS (2017)

Dieffenderfer, Brian; Zwir, Igor; Iqbal, Ayesha; Konzen, Lisa; Kerby, Paul; Buckman, Sara; Despotovic, Vladimir; Palmer, Christopher; White, Jason; King, C. Ryan; Hoehner, Christine; Boyle, Walter Author Information
Human T Cell Responses to the ESAT‐6 Antigen fromMycobacterium tuberculosis (1999)

Human T cell responses to ESAT-6 and eight synthetic overlapping peptides were investigated in tuberculosis (TB) patients and control subjects from regions of high and low endemicity for TB. ESAT-6 was recognized by 65% of all tuberculin purified protein derivative-responsive TB patients, whereas only 2 of 29 bacille Calmette-Guérin-vaccinated Danish healthy donors recognized this molecule. In Ethiopia, a high frequency (58%) of healthy contacts of TB patients recognized ESAT-6. All of the peptides were recognized by some donors, indicating that the molecule holds multiple epitopes. Danish and Ethiopian patients differed in the fine specificity of their peptide responses. Recognition of the C-terminal region (aa 72-95) was predominant in Danish patients, whereas recognition of aa 42-75 was predominant in Ethiopia. The relationship of these differences to the distribution of HLA types in the two populations is discussed. This study demonstrates that ESAT-6 is frequently recognized during early infection and holds potential as a component of a future TB-specific diagnostic reagent.
On High Temperature Oxidation of Chromium: I . Oxidation of Annealed, Thermally Etched Chromium at 800°–1100°C (1980)

Oxidation of annealed, thermally‐etched chromium has been studied at different oxygen pressures ranging from in the temperature range 800°–1100°C. A varied oxidation behavior is observed: at and 800°C the oxidation is approximately logarithmic, while above 900°C it is parabolic followed by repeated breakdowns and protective stages. At reduced oxygen pressures the oxidation behavior changes and becomes linear at the lower oxygen pressures. The different kinetics are correlated with properties of the scales which may crack, wrinkle, or balloon depending upon the reaction conditions. Large compressive stresses are built up in the scales during oxidation and the ability of the scale to deform increases dramatically with decreasing partial pressure of oxygen. Under most conditions the oxide scales become detached from the metal substrate. It is concluded that volume diffusion and transport along cracks and grain boundaries contribute to the growth of scales.
Optimizing the Systematic Characteristics of Online Learning Systems to Enhance the Continuance Intention of Chinese College Students (2022)

Different from systems that directly provide online shared courses such as MOOC, online learning systems such as Tencent Classroom simulate a real classroom environment for students and teachers to realize online face-to-face teaching, utilized during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, due to the limitation of physical distance, the intelligent design of online learning systems is necessary to provide students with a good learning experience. This study notes that an unexpected optimization effect is the impact of system characteristics on the flow experience of online learning systems, which has not been studied, but plays a vital role in the effectiveness of online learning systems. In the study, a questionnaire was created and multi-stage sampling was used to investigate 623 college students. Based on the DeLone and McLean model of IS success and flow theory, a model for optimizing system characteristics and flow experience was constructed and its effectiveness was tested. The results reveal that system characteristics have a positive impact on continuance intention and flow experience. Additionally, flow experience and learning effect have a positive impact on continuance intention. Furthermore, flow experience has a positive impact on the learning effect. This study emphasizes the flow experience of online learning systems and reveals the optimization direction of online virtual face-to-face classrooms to provide references for the Ministry of Education, schools, and enterprises providing education systems.
Experimental validation of an optimized signal processing method to handle non-linearity in swept-source optical coherence tomography (2010)

We evaluate various signal processing methods to handle the non-linearity in wavenumber space exhibited by most laser sources for swept-source optical coherence tomography. The following methods are compared for the same set of experimental data: non-uniform discrete Fourier transforms with Vandermonde matrix or with Lomb periodogram, resampling with linear interpolation or spline interpolation prior to fast-Fourier transform (FFT), and resampling with convolution prior to FFT. By selecting an optimized Kaiser-Bessel window to perform the convolution, we show that convolution followed by FFT is the most efficient method. It allows small fractional oversampling factor between 1 and 2, thus a minimal computational time, while retaining an excellent image quality.
Bacterial Artificial Chromosome-Based Comparative Genomic Analysis Identifies Mycobacterium microti as a Natural ESAT-6 Deletion Mutant (2002)

Mycobacterium microti is a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex that causes tuberculosis in voles. Most strains of M. microti are harmless for humans, and some have been successfully used as live tuberculosis vaccines. In an attempt to identify putative virulence factors of the tubercle bacilli, genes that are absent from the avirulent M. microti but present in human pathogen M. tuberculosis or Mycobacterium bovis were searched for. A minimal set of 50 bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones that covers almost all of the genome of M. microti OV254 was constructed, and individual BACs were compared to the corresponding BACs from M. bovis AF2122/97 and M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Comparison of pulsed-field gel-separated DNA digests of BAC clones led to the identification of 10 regions of difference (RD) between M. microti OV254 and M. tuberculosis. A 14-kb chromosomal region (RD1(mic)) that partly overlaps the RD1 deletion in the BCG vaccine strain was missing from the genomes of all nine tested M. microti strains. This region covers 13 genes, Rv3864 to Rv3876, in M. tuberculosis, including those encoding the potent ESAT-6 and CFP-10 antigens. In contrast, RD5(mic), a region that contains three phospholipase C genes (plcA to -C), was missing from only the vole isolates and was present in M. microti strains isolated from humans. Apart from RD1(mic) and RD5(mic) other M. microti-specific deleted regions have been identified (MiD1 to MiD3). Deletion of MiD1 has removed parts of the direct repeat region in M. microti and thus contributes to the characteristic spoligotype of M. microti strains.
Recovering the spatial layout of cluttered rooms (2009)

In this paper, we consider the problem of recovering the spatial layout of indoor scenes from monocular images. The presence of clutter is a major problem for existing single-view 3D reconstruction algorithms, most of which rely on finding the ground-wall boundary. In most rooms, this boundary is partially or entirely occluded. We gain robustness to clutter by modeling the global room space with a parameteric 3D “box” and by iteratively localizing clutter and refitting the box. To fit the box, we introduce a structured learning algorithm that chooses the set of parameters to minimize error, based on global perspective cues. On a dataset of 308 images, we demonstrate the ability of our algorithm to recover spatial layout in cluttered rooms and show several examples of estimated free space.
Microfabricated ultrasonic transducers monolithically integrated with high voltage electronics (2005)

Capacitive microfabricated ultrasonic transducers (cMUTs) recently produced clinical-quality images, and have the potential to enable true 3D ultrasound. Much has been written about the value of integrating cMUTs with electronics, and some early work has been published (Eccardt, P.-C. et al., 1996; Noble, R.A. et al., 2002). The paper describes monolithic integration of high-quality imaging cMUTs with analog switching electronics. The switching circuitry used has the same voltage limitations as commercial multiplexing chips (200 V/sub PP/). Water tank results demonstrate that cMUTs integrated with controlling switches are fully-functional when the capacitance and resistance of the switch are inserted into the cMUT model. The results further demonstrate no measurable effect of the switch on the radiation pattern of the acoustic elements. This verifies the viability of aperture control and channel multiplexing with monolithically integrated electronics. In the short term, such integration can allow for reconfigurable apertures, arrays with many elevation rows, and optimal preamplification. it also represents a step towards a practical 2D matrix transducer, due to the density of its integration and the freedom to optimize separately the cMUT and the integrated electronics.
Dispersion of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) Modified Cellulose Nanocrystals in Polypropylene Melt (2023)

This manuscript investigates the dispersion of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) treated cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in polypropylene (PP) by melt mixing. FTIR spectra of CTAB-modified CNCs and unmodified CNCs in a PP matrix were used to evaluate the surface treatments. The surface energies and morphologies of CTAB surface modified CNCs in polypropylene (PP) were used to interpret the effects of nanoparticle dispersion on the crystallization and rheological and mechanical properties of the PP matrix.
A row-action based L<inf>1</inf>-minimization approach to robust fluorescent tomography (2009)

We present a row-action method based on minimization of the L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> norm for improving the accuracy of fluorescent tomography in reconstruction of fluorescent objects. The method is validated using a CW system and milk-based phantoms.
Identification of distinct highly pathogenic allergen-specific T cells in common allergy and asthma (2019)

Abstract Despite the proven critical role of the aero-allergen house dust mite (HDM) in the pathogenesis of airway allergic diseases and asthma, the molecular mechanisms leading to allergen-specific T cell activation, as well as the molecular differences driving to disease between different type of HDM-sensitized patients are unknown. The recent development of robust allergen activation assays combined with single-cell RNA-Seq technologies made us able to perform the first large single-cell RNA-Seq study for around 50,000 cells. We collected blood from 12 asthmatic patients with or without HDM sensitization, 6 patients with Allergic Rhinitis HDM-sensitized and 6 healthy subjects. We stimulated PBMCs with a pool HDM peptides for a period of 6 hours and sorted activated cells based on the expression of 2 surface markers: CD154+ (effector T cells) and CD137high/CD154low (regulatory T cells). We performed standard bulk RNA-Seq and single-cell RNA-Seq. Differential gene expression analysis showed important changes in gene expression upon TCR engagement in both populations. Comparison of disease groups identified several known but also new genes with relevant functional significance in allergy and asthma. Clustering analysis of Effector T cells single-cell RNA-Seq revealed an unexpected level of heterogeneity of gene expression among T cells. Major changes were observed between disease groups, revealing important pathological consequences to the understanding of immunity in allergy. Our study was the first attempt to generate a large-scale of single-cell RNA-Seq datasets from activated HDM-specific T cell. We showed presence of new T-cell subsets with unknown function as well as new molecules of therapeutic interest in allergy and asthma.
Notes of Some Pioneers: America's First Music Librarians (1986)

munity. Although music was represented in American libraries much earlier, it was not until late in the nineteenth century that it gained the recognition of library administrators. W. A. Bardwell's 1887 report on Brooklyn's circulating music collection1 and Philip H. Goepp's paper before the Pennsylvania Library Club in 18972 are the earliest printed accounts of music-related activities in American libraries. The Penn?
Single‐step elongation of oligodeoxynucleotides using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (1984)

Procedures for the stepwise addition of one or more deoxyribonucleotide residues to the 3' end of an oligodeoxyribonucleoside phosphate acceptor using commercially available terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase is described. 2-80 nmol of acceptors with a chain length of four, five or nine monomer units were elongated with a single 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate in yields of 20-30%. The monomers carried no protecting groups and were used both radioactively labelled and unlabelled. The elongated oligodeoxynucleoside phosphates were isolated by reverse-phase (Nucleosil C18) high-performance liquid chromatography or paper chromatography. The isolated products were sequenced by the fingerprint method. Advantages and disadvantages of this new methodology for the enzymatic synthesis of defined oligodeoxynucleotides are discussed.
Supervised learning in a single layer Dynamic Synapses Neural Network (2011)

The main focus of this paper is to introduce a new supervised learning algorithm for spiking neural networks. The learning algorithm minimizes the overall differences between spike times of target and test spike trains by utilizing a new quantitative similarity measure which has been defined in this work. The actual membrane potential of a post-synaptic neuron is adjusted at the time of spikes based on what has been measured from similarity measure in order to generate the desired membrane potential. Finally, by utilizing gradient descent algorithm, the parameters of the spiking neural network are tuned to generate the desired output membrane potential. The proposed algorithm was applied to tune the facilitation, depression, and synaptic weight constants of the Dynamic Synapses Neural Network - DSNN - for the aim of input-output functional mapping. The simulation results show that the system identification task converges to the global optimum. The rate-to-time coding simulation performs with more than 75 percent accuracy. The performance of both system identification and rate-to-time coding is due to adaptation of short and long term synaptic parameters which cannot be accomplished if only synaptic weight is adapted.
Substrate Gating of Contact Resistance in Graphene Transistors (2011)

Metal contacts have been identified to be a key technological bottleneck for the realization of viable graphene electronics. Recently, it has been observed that for structures that possess both a top and a bottom gate, the electron–hole conductance asymmetry can be modulated by the bottom gate. In this paper, we explain this observation by postulating the presence of an effective thin interfacial dielectric layer between the metal contact and the underlying graphene. Electrical results from quantum transport calculations accounting for this modified electrostatics corroborate well with the experimentally measured contact resistances. This paper indicates that the engineering of a metal–graphene interface is a crucial step toward reducing the contact resistance for high-performance graphene transistors.
Glycan binding profile of a fucolectin-related protein (FRP) encoded by the SP2159 gene of Streptococcus pneumoniae (2017)

The recombinant fucolectin-related protein (FRP) of unknown function, encoded by the SP2159 gene of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae,</i> was expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this study, its glycan-recognition epitopes and their binding potencies were examined by enzyme-linked lectinosorbent and inhibition assays. The results indicate that FRP reacted strongly with human blood group <b>ABH</b> and l-Fucα1→2-active glycotopes and in their polyvalent (super) forms. When expressed by mass relative potency, the binding affinities of FRP to poly-l-Fucα1→glycotopes were about 5.0 × 10<sup>5</sup> folds higher than that of the mono-l-Fucα1→glycotope form. This unique binding property of FRP can be used as a special tool to differentiate complex forms of l-Fucα1→2 and other forms of glycotopes.
Detectability of fiducials’ positions for real‐time target tracking system equipping with a standard linac for multiple fiducial markers (2020)

The detectability of fiducial markers' positions for the real-time target tracking system equipping with a standard linac depends on the form and insertion angles of the fiducials.