gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mild Testicular Hyperthermia Induces Profound Transitional Spermatogenic Suppression Through Increased Germ Cell Apoptosis in Adult Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) (2002)

We have previously demonstrated that mild testicular hyperthermia induces stage-specific and germ cell-specific apoptosis in rat and mouse testes. The objectives of this pilot study were to examine whether mild testicular hyperthermia induces azoospermia and oligozoospermia in nonhuman primates, and to determine whether spermatogenesis suppression was due to acceleration of germ cell apoptosis. Three adult Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were used in this study. The scrota containing the testes were immersed in a water bath at 43 degrees C for 30 minutes once daily for 6 consecutive days. Semen and blood samples were collected at 2 and 1 weeks before, and 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks after the first heat treatment. Testicular biopsies were performed before and at 3 and 7 days, and 12 weeks after the first heat exposure. Apoptosis in testicular biopsy was assessed by TUNEL assay, by electron microscopy, and by detection of cleaved Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase with Western blotting. A transient decrease in serum testosterone levels was observed in 2 monkeys 2 weeks after heat treatment. Serum inhibin B levels declined in all 3 monkeys 2 weeks after testicular hyperthermia and remained at relatively low levels throughout the study in 2 of 3 monkeys. Two of 3 monkeys exhibited azoospermia by 6 or 8 weeks after the first heat treatment; the remaining monkey had marked oligozoospermia (8 x 10(6)/ejaculate, 10.89% of pretreatment levels) 6 weeks after the first heat treatment. Increased germ cell apoptosis in testicular biopsy samples was found at 3 and 7 days after the first heat exposure. Using immunohistochemistry, we observed that the immunoactivity of proapoptotic Bax protein accumulated in heat-induced apoptotic germ cells. Full recovery of spermatogenesis was noted 12 weeks after the first heat treatment. We conclude that, similar to rodents, mild testicular hyperthermia results in azoospermia and oligozoospermia in monkeys through increased germ cell apoptosis with minimal effect on the hormonal milieu.
Prediction of phenotypic severity in mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (2017)

Phenotypic severity strongly correlates with the potential to increase sulfamidase activity in fibroblasts cultured at 30 °C, allowing reliable distinction between patients with rapidly progressing or slowly progressing phenotypes. This method may provide an essential tool for assessment of treatment effects and for health care and life planning decisions. Ann Neurol 2017;82:686-696.
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Substoichiometric Colloidal WO3–x Nanowires (2018)

We report direct photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from substoichiometric highly reduced tungsten oxide (WOx) nanowires (NWs) using sacrificial alcohol. WOx NWs are synthesized via nonaqueous colloidal synthesis with a diameter of about 4 nm and an average length of about 250 nm. As-synthesized WOx NWs exhibit a broad absorption across the visible to infrared regions attributed to the presence of oxygen vacancies. The optical band gap is increased in these WOx NWs compared to stoichiometric bulk tungsten oxide (WO3) powders as a result of the Burstein–Moss shift. As a consequence of this increase, we demonstrate direct photocatalytic hydrogen production from WOx NWs through alcohol photoreforming. The stable H2 evolution on platinized WOx NWs is observed under conditions in which platinized bulk WO3 and bulk WO2.9 powders either do not show activity or show very low rates, suggesting that increased surface area and specific exposed facets are key for the improved performance of WOx NWs. This work demonstrates that control of size and composition can lead to unexpected and beneficial changes in the photocatalytic properties of semiconductor materials.
Low-density Flexible and Conformal Thermal Protection Systems Materials: A Review (2022)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-1608.vid Ablative materials continue to be an integral part on spacecraft to combat the intense heat from atmospheric re-entry through ablation mechanisms to maintain the vehicle at an ambient temperature. Low-density thermal protection systems (TPS) materials are being developed and are evolving into flexible TPS materials that are identified with many benefits for overall improvement of vehicle design through ease of manufacturing and weight savings. This publication provides a review on the ongoing research efforts at National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), European Space Agency (ESA), German Aerospace Center (DLR), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), and others on this class of ablative material. This review discusses the material characteristics, methods for manufacturing the ablator, and some current numerical modeling of the product’s pyrolysis reactions as well ablative material response using SOTA ablation codes.
Renormalized multicanonical sampling (2015)

For a homogeneous system divisible into identical, weakly interacting subsystems, the multicanonical procedure can be accelerated if it is first applied to determine the density of states for a single subsystem. This result is then employed to approximate the state density of a subsystem with twice the size that forms the starting point of a new multicanonical iteration. Since this compound subsystem interacts less on average with its environment, iterating this sequence of steps rapidly generates the state density of the full system.
Performance issues in parallelized network protocols (1994)

Parallel processing has been proposed as a means of improving network protocol throughput. Several different strategies have been taken towards parallelizing protocols. A relatively popular approach is packet-level parallelism, where packets are distributed across processors.This paper provides an experimental performance study of packet-level parallelism on a contemporary shared-memory multiprocessor. We examine several unexplored areas in packet-level parallelism and investigate how various protocol structuring and implementation techniques can affect performance. We study TCP/IP and UDP/IP protocol stacks, implemented with a parallel version of the x-kernel running in user space on Silicon Graphics multiprocessors.Our results show that only limited packet-level parallelism can be achieved within a single connection under TCP, but that using multiple connections can improve available parallelism. We also demonstrate that packet ordering plays a key role in determining single-connection TCP performance, that careful use of locks is a necessity, and that selective exploitation of caching can improve throughput. We also describe experiments that compare parallel protocol performance on two generations of a parallel machine and show how computer architectural trends can influence performance.
Superannuation funds: fees and performance (2003)

The debate about fund manager performance versus the market is a topic that creates much interest. MICHAEL DREW explores some of the issues
Abstract LB-005: Allosteric SHP2 phosphatase inhibition: Multiple mechanisms and chemotypes (2019)

Abstract Protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 is an oncoprotein associated with cancer as well as a potential immune modulator due to its role in the programmed cell death PD-L1/PD-1 pathway. Small molecule inhibition of SHP2 has been widely investigated including our previous reports describing SHP099, which binds to a tunnel-like allosteric binding site. To broaden our approach to allosteric inhibition of SHP2, we conducted additional hit finding, evaluation, and structure-based scaffold morphing. These studies led to the identification of multiple, potent inhibitor chemotypes, an additional and distinct allosteric binding site, and the identification of SHP394, an orally efficacious inhibitor of SHP2 with improved potency and enhanced pharmacokinetic properties. Overall, this work improves upon our previously described allosteric inhibitors, and exemplifies and extends the range of permissible chemical templates that inhibit SHP2 via the allosteric mechanism. Citation Format: Matthew J. LaMarche, Jeff Bagdanoff, Mike Acker, Ying-Nan Chen, Homan Chan, Michael Dore, Brant Firestone, Michelle Fodor, Jorge Garcia-Fortanet, Murphy Hentemann, Mitsunori Kato, Robert Koenig, Laura La Bonte, Shumei Liu, Movarid Mohseni, Rukundo Ntaganda, Patrick Sarver, Troy Smith, Martin Sendzik, Travis Stams, Stan Spence, Chris Towler, Hongyun Wang, Ping Wang, Sarah Williams, Zhouliang Chen, Huaixiang Hao, Gang Liu, Chen Liu, Eric McNeill, Bing Yu. Allosteric SHP2 phosphatase inhibition: Multiple mechanisms and chemotypes [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-005.
David Watkins: Artist in Jewellery (2008)

For years David Watkins has been a primal force to be reckoned with in contemporary jewellery design, a mover and shaker in this new international medium. This book is just what the retrospective aficionados of art jewellery have been waiting for. Watkins is the medals designer for the 2012 Olympics in London. This book represents the first retrospective in print on the fascinating work of the English artist in jewelry David Watkins, who started out as a jazz pianist and sculptor but has been designing jewelry since the 1960s. At the outset of his career, he designed miniature works of sculpture. Later he began producing outsize wearable objects. Watkins is increasingly preoccupied with the interrelationship of the body and jewelry; his pieces of jewelry are becoming autonomous art objects in their own right. David Watkins's versatility as a jewelry-designer is astonishing: the diverse materials he uses range from paper to acrylic, Neoprene and Colorcore to gold as well as a profusion of plastics. His aesthetic idiom encompasses stringent structuring as well as monochrome Minimalism and compositions improvised in stunning forms and vibrant colors. Watkins is equally comfortable working with traditional jewelry-making techniques and computer-aided design as used throughout the manufacturing sector. Drawing on a wealth of photographs, drawings and statements made by the artist himself, the book provides invaluable insights into the way David Watkins works.
File encryption using Fisher-Yates Shuffle (2015)

A permutation cipher is a very old form of cryptography. It works by moving letters around in a random pattern. In this paper we have implemented a new method of pseudorandom permutation. Along with this, a working algorithm has been provided that produces a block cipher using the mentioned procedure. The discussed algorithm operates on a file containing a stream of integers delimited by a space. The file is first converted to a two dimensional array. This array is randomly shuffled. Thereafter the encrypted cipher is obtained by recombining the keys with the shuffled array. For decryption, the cipher is again read into a two dimensional array. This time, the entire array is sub-divided into three parts. The first and the final part consist of the shuffled message. The second part consists of the keys. The elements of the shuffled array are then rearranged in accordance to the keys. The recombination results in retrieving the original file containing the stream of integers.
PARET; an integrated visual tool for the study of parallel systems (2003)

PARET (Parallel Architecture Research and Evaluation Tool) is an object-oriented graphical environment for the study of parallel or multiprocessor systems that provides a laboratory for investigation of alternative architectural decisions and experiments with such issues as scheduling, mapping, and routing policies. PARET is unique in providing an animated interactive visual tool for parallel systems with a modeling paradigm that is closely linked to its graphical representation. Models have the same morphology regardless of the subsystem represented or the level of detail in the model. Presently, PARET runs on SUN workstations, using color graphics, mouse input, and pop-up menus to control and observe a simulation engine. Ongoing projects using PARET include evaluation of a special-purpose multiprocessor system and use of PARET in a system to create application-specific ICs for signal processing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Tailored semiconductors for high-harmonic optoelectronics (2017)

The advent of high-harmonic generation in gases 30 years ago set the foundation for attosecond science and facilitated ultrafast spectroscopy in atoms, molecules, and solids. We explore high-harmonic generation in the solid state by means of nanostructured and ion-implanted semiconductors. We use wavelength-selective microscopic imaging to map enhanced harmonic emission and show that the generation medium and the driving field can be locally tailored in solids by modifying the chemical composition and morphology. This enables the control of high-harmonic technology within precisely engineered solid targets. We demonstrate customized high-harmonic wave fields with wavelengths down to 225 nanometers (ninth-harmonic order of 2-micrometer laser pulses) and present an integrated Fresnel zone plate target in silicon, which leads to diffraction-limited self-focusing of the generated harmonics down to 1-micrometer spot sizes.
Collaborative Image Understanding (2022)

Automatically understanding the contents of an image is a highly relevant problem in practice. In e-commerce and social media settings, for example, a common problem is to automatically categorize user-provided pictures. Nowadays, a standard approach is to fine-tune pre-trained image models with application-specific data. Besides images, organizations however often also collect collaborative signals in the context of their application, in particular how users interacted with the provided online content, e.g., in forms of viewing, rating, or tagging. Such signals are commonly used for item recommendation, typically by deriving latent user and item representations from the data. In this work, we show that such collaborative information can be leveraged to improve the classification process of new images. Specifically, we propose a multitask learning framework, where the auxiliary task is to reconstruct collaborative latent item representations. A series of experiments on datasets from e-commerce and social media demonstrates that considering collaborative signals helps to significantly improve the performance of the main task of image classification by up to 9.1%.
Improving performance on the internet (2009)

Given the Internet's bottlenecks, how can we build fast, scalable, content-delivery systems?
Resilience Analysis of Power Grids Under the Sequential Attack (2014)

The modern society increasingly relies on electrical service, which also brings risks of catastrophic consequences, e.g., large-scale blackouts. In the current literature, researchers reveal the vulnerability of power grids under the assumption that substations/transmission lines are removed or attacked synchronously. In reality, however, it is highly possible that such removals can be conducted sequentially. Motivated by this idea, we discover a new attack scenario, called the sequential attack, which assumes that substations/transmission lines can be removed sequentially, not synchronously. In particular, we find that the sequential attack can discover many combinations of substation whose failures can cause large blackout size. Previously, these combinations are ignored by the synchronous attack. In addition, we propose a new metric, called the sequential attack graph (SAG), and a practical attack strategy based on SAG. In simulations, we adopt three test benchmarks and five comparison schemes. Referring to simulation results and complexity analysis, we find that the proposed scheme has strong performance and low complexity.
Estimation of execution timing of human action considering causality between action and situation (2012)

In order to realize a system to support human actions, the system should be able to estimate the next human action. Therefore, we have proposed a modeling method of human actions based on the causality between the situation around a person and the human action change. Our previous modeling method makes it possible to estimate the next human action. However, in order to give a suitable support to a person, it is necessary for the system to estimate not only the next human action, but also its execution timing. In this paper, we propose a modeling method of human actions for estimate the execution timing of the next human action by expanding our previous method. In addition, an early estimation method of the next human action and its execution timing is also proposed.
A PC-based multispectral scanner data evaluation workstation: Application to Daedalus scanners (1991)

In late 1989, a personal computer (PC)-based data evaluation workstation was developed to support post flight processing of Multispectral Atmospheric Mapping Sensor (MAMS) data. The MAMS Quick View System (QVS) is an image analysis and display system designed to provide the capability to evaluate Daedalus scanner data immediately after an aircraft flight. Even in its original form, the QVS offered the portability of a personal computer with the advanced analysis and display features of a mainframe image analysis system. It was recognized, however, that the original QVS had its limitations, both in speed and processing of MAMS data. Recent efforts are presented that focus on overcoming earlier limitations and adapting the system to a new data tape structure. In doing so, the enhanced Quick View System (QVS2) will accommodate data from any of the four spectrometers used with the Daedalus scanner on the NASA ER2 platform. The QVS2 is designed around the AST 486/33 MHz CPU personal computer and comes with 10 EISA expansion slots, keyboard, and 4.0 mbytes of memory. Specialized PC-McIDAS software provides the main image analysis and display capability for the system. Image analysis and display of the digital scanner data is accomplished with PC-McIDAS software.
Chemical consequences of electron impact. Neutral C4H8 fragments expelled from molecular ions in the gas phase (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical consequences of electron impact. Neutral C4H8 fragments expelled from molecular ions in the gas phaseFrank B. Burns and Thomas H. MortonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 23, 7308–7313Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00439a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00439a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views70Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mielopatía cervical compresiva (2016)

Presentamos el caso de un varón de 55 años con antecedentes de hábito enólico, esteatosis hepática y dislipemia, que acude a Urgencias por presentar dolor en región cervical irradiado a ambos hombros, dificultad progresiva para la marcha así como dificultad para los movimientos finos de ambos miembros superiores y parestesias en la yema de los dedos, de 10 días de evolución.
Preparation of Asymmetric Nanostructures through Site Selective Modification of \nTetrapods (2004)

CdTe tetrapods have been deposited on a substrate and partially coated with a protective polymer layer, exposing just one arm. The exposed arm was then decorated with Au nanoparticles in a site selective fashion. The modified arms were readily broken off from the remainder ofthe tetrapods and released from the substrate, yielding CdTe nanorods asymmetrically modified with Au nanoparticles. These nanostructures with reduced symmetry may show interesting optoelectronic properties.
Transcriptome microRNA profiling of bovine mammary epithelial cells challenged with Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureusbacteria reveals pathogen directed microRNA expression profiles (2014)

Using next-generation sequencing, our study identified a pathogen directed differential regulation of miRNAs in MAC-T cells with roles in immunity and development. Our study provides a further confirmation of the involvement of mammary epithelia cells in contributing to the immune response to infecting pathogens and suggests the potential of miRNAs to serve as biomarkers for diagnosis and development of control measures.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Reductive Cyclizations and Couplings (2004)

For over 50 years, nickel catalysis has been applied in cycloaddition processes. Nickel-catalyzed reductive couplings and cyclizations, however, have only recently attracted a high level of interest. This group of new reactions allows a broad range of multicomponent couplings involving two or more pi components with a main-group or transition-metal reagent. These processes allow the assembly of important organic substructures from widely available reaction components. Multiple contiguous stereocenters, polycyclic ring systems, and novel arrays of complex functionality may often be prepared from simple, achiral, acyclic precursors. With three or more reactive functional groups participating in the catalytic processes, many mechanistic questions abound, including the precise timing of bond constructions and the nature of reactive intermediates. This Review is thus aimed at providing a critical evaluation of recent progress in this rapidly developing field.
A Lightweight Flower Classification Model Based on Improved Knowledge Distillation (2022)

Fast and accurate flower identification is significant in practice for botany and agriculture. Traditional flower classification models usually increase the parameters and computation burden to improve the accuracy, which is slow and impractical to be applied in low computing power devices such as mobile. To solve this problem, a flower classification model is constructed by lightweight convolutional neural network in this paper. To further improve the accuracy of the model, an improved method of knowledge distillation based on temperature decay (EDKD) is proposed by the authors, and apply it to the training of lightweight flower classification model. Experimental results on the Oxford102 flower dataset show that the model achieves an accuracy of 98.76% without increasing parameters or enlarging size, which outperforms the conventional methods and is more suitable for the mobile end.