gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bonding Nature of Open-Lantern-type Dinuclear Cr(II) Complexes. Theoretical Study with the MRMP2 Method (2009)

Open-lantern-type dinuclear Cr(II) complex, [Cr(R(1)NC(R(2))NR(3))(2)](2) (R(1) = Et, R(2) = Me, and R(3) = (t)Bu), was theoretically investigated with DFT, CASSCF, and MRMP2 methods. The DFT-optimized Cr-Cr distance (1.757 A) is too short compared to the experimental value (1.960 A). The CASSCF method does not present the minimum in the range of the Cr-Cr distance from 1.75 to 2.05 A. The MRMP2 method presents the optimized Cr-Cr distance of 1.851 A, which is a little shorter than the experimental value. These results suggest that both nondynamical and dynamical correlations are considerably large in this complex. The Cr-Cr bond order is evaluated to be 2.40 with the CASSCF method, which is much smaller than the formal bond order of 4. In the Mo analogue, on the other hand, the DFT, CASSCF, and MRMP2 methods present almost the same Mo-Mo distance (2.151 A). The Mo-Mo bond order is evaluated to be 3.41, which is somewhat smaller than the formal value but much larger than the Cr-Cr bond order. These differences arise from the much larger d-d overlap integral of the Mo-Mo pair than that of the Cr-Cr pair. Though nondynamical correlation effect is very large in this dinuclear Cr(II) complex, the Cr-Cr distance of this complex was experimentally discussed to be short, based on formal shortness ratio (FSR). We wish to propose here orbital shortness ratio (OSR) based on the distance providing maximum overlap integral to discuss the M-M bond distance. According to the OSR, we understand that the Cr-Cr distance of 1.960 A is long but the Mo-Mo distance of 2.151 A is short. This understanding is consistent with much larger nondynamical correlation in the dinuclear Cr(II) complex than in the Mo(II) analogue. Interesting differences are also observed between M-M and Si-Si multiple bonds. The differences are discussed in terms of sigma- and pi-type overlap integrals and the participation of Si 3s orbital in the sigma-bonding orbital.
LDL-Platelet Interaction Under Oxidative Stress Induces Macrophage Foam Cell Formation (1995)

The atherosclerotic lesion consists of macrophages filled with cholesterol derived from oxidized-low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and also contains platelet aggregates. Under oxidative stress on platelet activation, and enhanced macrophage uptake of Ox-LDL (secondary to platelet-mediated modification of the lipoprotein or to the interaction between Ox-LDL and arterial wall macrophages). The following data demonstrate that all of these mechanisms are operable in vitro: 1) upon platelet incubation with Ox-LDL, platelet aggregation and release are substantially increased; 2) under oxidative stress (in the presence of ferrous ions) platelets' phospholipids are oxidized, paralleled by increased platelets activation; 3) platelet conditioned medium (PCM) from collagen activated platelets, can modify LDL to a form which is taken up by macrophages at enhanced rate; 4) under oxidative stress (in the presence of copper ions) platelets can oxidatively modify native LDL; 5) PCM increases macrophage uptake of Ox-LDL, secondary to the stimulatory effect of PDGF (which is present in PCM) on the macrophage receptors for Ox-LDL. In conclusion, we suggest that the involvement of platelets in macrophage foam cell formation is related to platelet released factors which can either oxidize the LDL or increase the uptake of Ox-LDL by the macrophages. These effects of platelets on Ox-LDL, as well as the activation of blood platelets by Ox-LDL, contribute to the formation of the atherosclerotic lesion.
Kidney Morphology in Experimental Hyperglycemia (1987)

To evaluate the role of hyperglycemia in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, the kidneys from dogs experimentally galactosemic for 5 yr have been compared with the kidneys from age-matched normal dogs and dogs with alloxan-induced diabetes for 5 yr. The width of glomerular capillary basement membrane and the quantity of plasma protein immunohistochemically demonstrable in the basement membrane were supranormal in the galactosemics, as they were in the diabetics. In contrast, kidney weight, mesangial volume, and the prevalence of obliterated glomeruli, glomerular exudates, and mesangial nodules in the galactosemic animals were comparable to those of normal animals and clearly were less than observed in the insulin-deficient diabetic animals. These galactosemic dogs are known to have developed a retinopathy morphologically indistinguishable from that of diabetic patients and dogs. Thus, galactosemia sufficient to produce diabetic-like lesions in the glomerular basement membrane and retina was found to be nevertheless insufficient to elicit several renal abnormalities that are typical of diabetes. The polyol concentration in erythrocytes was greater than normal in the galactosemics and the diabetics and was greatest in the galactosemics. The absence of mesangial expansion, glomerular obliteration, and nephromegaly in galactose-fed dogs raises the possibility that these abnormalities in diabetes are not a result of excessive polyol pathway activity.
Anxiety and stress among science students. Study of calcium and magnesium alterations. (2006)

Stress and anxiety of university science students (Chemistry) was evaluated in basal conditions and during exams using validated stress and anxiety questionnaires. The relations between the data obtained and various biochemical markers were established. Results showed that the evaluated students did not experience stress increase as a consequence of exams but suffered a significant increase in anxiety. The psychological findings agree with the urinary biomarkers studied. It is known that anxiety is related to partial magnesium reduction associated with a urinary magnesium excretion increase, as observed in the present data. Nevertheless, stress also correlates with a urinary calcium increase which was not detected in the present study.
Interchangeable PEG‐Supported Synthesis of Peptide‐Oligonucleotide Chimeras (2004)

Abstract A procedure has been developed for the preparation of peptide‐PEG‐oligonucleotide conjugates: the two sequences were synthesized at the extremities of the same commercial high‐molecular‐weight polyethylene glycol (PEG) starting both from the peptide as well as from the oligonucleotide component. The commercial PEG was modified at its terminal hydroxyl functions with two orthogonal protecting groups (DMT and Fmoc). The selective removal of those groups allowed the synthesis of the chimeras following two different, interchangeable strategies. Comparison of the final conjugates suggested that their production was equally effective. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Refining surgical techniques for efficient posterior semicircular canal gene delivery in the adult mammalian inner ear with minimal hearing loss (2021)

Hearing loss is a common disability affecting the world's population today. While several studies have shown that inner ear gene therapy can be successfully applied to mouse models of hereditary hearing loss to improve hearing, most of these studies rely on inner ear gene delivery in the neonatal age, when mouse inner ear has not fully developed. However, the human inner ear is fully developed at birth. Therefore, in order for inner ear gene therapy to be successfully applied in patients with hearing loss, one must demonstrate that gene delivery can be safely and reliably performed in the mature mammalian inner ear. In this study, we examine the steps involved in posterior semicircular canal gene delivery in the adult mouse inner ear. We find that the duration of perilymphatic leakage and injection rate have a significant effect on the post-surgical hearing outcome. Our results show that although AAV2.7m8 has a lower hair cell transduction rate in adult mice compared to neonatal mice at equivalent viral load, AAV2.7m8 is capable of transducing the adult mouse inner and outer hair cells with high efficiency in a dose-dependent manner.
A phase I/II trial of the multipeptide cancer vaccine IMA910 in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). (2012)

555 Background: Treatment interruption after 12 weeks of oxaliplatin-based therapy followed by re-introduction upon signs of progression results in better overall tolerability and quality of life compared to continuous therapy while survival rates are only modestly impaired. Specific immunotherapy may provide a safe and tolerable intervention to prolong time to re-introduction and eventually overall survival. IMA910 is a novel peptide-based cancer vaccine consisting of 13 tumor-associated peptides (TUMAPs), which are naturally presented on MHC molecules of colorectal tumors. Methods: HLA-A*02 + advanced CRC patients being at least clinically stable after 12 weeks of first-line oxaliplatin-based therapy were enrolled. After immunomodulation with a single low dose of cyclophosphamide (300 mg/m2), patients were immunized intradermally (up to 16 vaccinations) with IMA910 in combination with GM-CSF (cohort 1; n=66) or IMA910 with GM-CSF plus topically applied imiquimod (cohort 2; n=26). T-cell responses to individual IMA910 peptides were analyzed by HLA-multimer and intra-cellular cytokine assay. Analysis of disease control rates (DCR) and progression-free survival (PFS) was based on RECIST-centrally reviewed CT/ MRI scans. Results: IMA910 was overall well tolerated with most AEs being mild and transient local site reactions. Three patients presented with systemic hypersensitivity reactions, all of which were observed after ≥10 vaccinations and were confirmed to have an in vitro reaction against GM-CSF in all cases. IMA910 induced immune responses in 71% and 72% of patients in the two cohorts, respectively. Interestingly, patients developing CD8 T-cell responses against multiple TUMAPs had a better clinical outcome compared to others, in terms of DCR (18% vs. 2% at 6 months; p=0.012) and PFS (HR: 0.652; p=0.039). OS data will be shown at the meeting. Conclusions: Vaccination with IMA910 is safe, well tolerated, and immunogenic. Significantly better clinical outcome of multi-TUMAP responders in comparison to patients with one/no TUMAP response indicates clinical activity of IMA910 in 1 st line advanced CRC patients.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymerized Lyotropic Liquid Crystal Assemblies for Materials Applications (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Design and implementation of a multiaxial loading capability during heating on an engineering neutron diffractometer (2014)

A gripping capability was designed, implemented, and tested for in situ neutron diffraction measurements during multiaxial loading and heating on the VULCAN engineering materials diffractometer at the spallation neutron source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The proposed capability allowed for the acquisition of neutron spectra during tension, compression, torsion, and/or complex loading paths at elevated temperatures. The design consisted of age-hardened, Inconel(®) 718 grips with direct attachment to the existing MTS load frame having axial and torsional capacities of 100 kN and 400 N·m, respectively. Internal cooling passages were incorporated into the gripping system for fast cooling rates during high temperature experiments up to ∼1000 K. The specimen mounting couplers combined a threaded and hexed end-connection for ease of sample installation/removal without introducing any unwanted loads. Instrumentation of this capability is documented in this work along with various performance parameters. The gripping system was utilized to investigate deformation in NiTi shape memory alloys under various loading/control modes (e.g., isothermal, isobaric, and cyclic), and preliminary results are presented. The measurements facilitated the quantification of the texture, internal strain, and phase fraction evolution in NiTi shape memory alloys under various loading/control modes.
Patient-Specific Sensor Registration for Electrical Source Imaging Using a Deformable Head Model (2020)

The new method for sensor registration presented in this work is rapid and fully automatic. It eliminates any user dependent inaccuracy introduced in sensor registration and ensures reproducible results. More importantly, it can more easily be integrated in clinical workflows, enabling broader adoption of electrical source imaging technologies.
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) in the Treatment of Postpartum Psychosis (2012)

Postpartum psychosis is one of the most severe manifestations of postpartum mental illness. A psychiatric emergency, the prompt recognition and treatment of postpartum psychosis is essential in insuring maternal and infant well-being and safety. Here, we review the literature on the phenomenology of postpartum psychosis and the prevalence of use, safety, and efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy as a treatment. Studies were searched using CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and PubMed databases. Based on our review, we argue that for some patients, electroconvulsive therapy should be the treatment of choice.
Crisis Intervention in Acute Grief (1972)

This paper describes a clinical research project 2 beginning its third year of operation at the Fort Logan Crisis Unit which is designed to test the hypothesis that primary preventive intervention around the specific crisis of sudden and accidental death can actually decrease the risk of psychiatric illness, medical illness, and social disturbance experienced by families exposed to the crisis.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydride Fluxionality in Transition Metal Complexes: An Approach to the Understanding of Mechanistic Features and Structural Diversities (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Urinary albumin excretion is independently associated with carotid and femoral artery atherosclerosis in the general population (2004)

The uACR is significantly and independently associated with the presence and severity of atherosclerosis in the general population. The relation obtained was of a dose-response type and extended to levels far below what is termed microalbuminuria. The novel aspects of our study are its focus on various vascular territories and representivity of the general healthy population.
Light Curing Rigidizable Inflatable Wing (2004)

The objective of this study was to prove the feasibility of using light-curing resins to rigidize an inflatable wing for terrestrial and space applications. Current inflatable wings rely on the continuous presence of an inflation gas to maintain their shape. Rigidization of inflatable wings provides several potential advantages, including reducing the vulnerability to punctures, increasing stiffness and load-carrying capability, allowing a higher aspect ratio for high altitude efficiency and longer missions, and reducing weight by eliminating the make up pressurization supply. This study was a multifaceted approach that included defining operating environments for Mars survey craft and military UAVs; analyzing wing loads during deployment and rigidization as a function of internal pressure and leak rate to determine needed rigidization times; developing rapid cure resin formulations with long shelf lives; fabricating, deploying, and rigidizing a wing half-span; and testing and characterizing the rigidized wing. Results show that the wings must deploy and cure rapidly at low temperatures for some missions. The maximum time allowed for the resin to rigidize is the range in time that the inflated and unrigidized wing maintains structural integrity to fly and provide lift for the vehicle while the wing is undergoing rigidization. A series of epoxy acrylate-based resin formulations were developed that cure in 10 seconds or less at 0qC. These resins also exhibited greater than 10 year storage lifetimes in accelerated aging studies and showed mechanical properties close to thermally cured aerospace epoxies. A half-span demonstration Eppler 398 airfoil was fabricated from E-glass fabric/ATI-ROCTME37X1 resin and a polyurethane bladder. After fabrication, the wing was packed and deployed two times. The unrigidized prepreg material was very compliant and was able to be packed tightly. After the packing and deployment trials were completed, the wing was inflated to 7 psig and given a 30-minute solar cure. The rigidized wing exhibited the desired high stiffness without inflation pressure.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Reciprocal developmental pathways for the generation of pathogenic effector TH17 and regulatory T cells. (2006)

On activation, T cells undergo distinct developmental pathways, attaining specialized properties and effector functions. T-helper (T(H)) cells are traditionally thought to differentiate into T(H)1 and T(H)2 cell subsets. T(H)1 cells are necessary to clear intracellular pathogens and T(H)2 cells are important for clearing extracellular organisms. Recently, a subset of interleukin (IL)-17-producing T (T(H)17) cells distinct from T(H)1 or T(H)2 cells has been described and shown to have a crucial role in the induction of autoimmune tissue injury. In contrast, CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T (T(reg)) cells inhibit autoimmunity and protect against tissue injury. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is a critical differentiation factor for the generation of T(reg) cells. Here we show, using mice with a reporter introduced into the endogenous Foxp3 locus, that IL-6, an acute phase protein induced during inflammation, completely inhibits the generation of Foxp3+ T(reg) cells induced by TGF-beta. We also demonstrate that IL-23 is not the differentiation factor for the generation of T(H)17 cells. Instead, IL-6 and TGF-beta together induce the differentiation of pathogenic T(H)17 cells from naive T cells. Our data demonstrate a dichotomy in the generation of pathogenic (T(H)17) T cells that induce autoimmunity and regulatory (Foxp3+) T cells that inhibit autoimmune tissue injury. PMID: 16648838
The Structure of Lithiumiodide 3-Tetrahydrofuran (1998)

Abstract LiI-3THF was obtained from the reaction of tmp 2 AH (tmp = tetramethylpiperidino) with Li-AsHPh in toluene/THF. It is more, conveniently prepared from LiH and iodine in THF. It forms molecule in the lattice, the Li ion being tetracoor-dinated in a slightly distorted tetrahedral fashion.
A novel triple responsive smart fluid for tight oil fracturing-oil expulsion integration (2023)

The traditional multi-process to enhance tight oil recovery based on fracturing and huff-n-puff has obvious deficiencies, such as low recovery efficiency, rapid production decline, high cost, and complexity, etc. Therefore, a new technology, the so-called fracturing-oil expulsion integration, which does not need flowback after fracturing while making full use of the fracturing energy and gel breaking fluids, are needed to enable efficient exploitation of tight oil. A novel triple-responsive smart fluid based on “pseudo-Gemini” zwitterionic viscoelastic surfactant (VES) consisting of N-erucylamidopropyl-N,N-dimethyl-3-ammonio-2-hydroxy-1-propane-sulfonate (EHSB), N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine (TMEDA) and sodium p-toluenesulfonate (NaPts), is developed. Then, the rheology of smart fluid is systematically studied at varying conditions (CO2, temperature and pressure). Moreover, the mechanism of triple-response is discussed in detail. Finally, a series of fracturing and spontaneous imbibition performances are systematically investigated. The smart fluid shows excellent CO2-, thermal-, and pressure-triple responsive behavior. It can meet the technical requirement of tight oil fracturing construction at 140 °C in the presence of 3.5 MPa CO2. The gel breaking fluid shows excellent spontaneous imbibition oil expulsion (∼40%), salt resistance (1.2 × 104 mg/L Na+), temperature resistance (140 °C) and aging stability (30 days).
Corpus-based method for automatic identification of support verbs for nominalizations (1995)

Nominalization is a highly productive phenomena in most languages. The process of nominalization ejects a verb from its syntactic role into a nominal position. The original verb is often replaced by a semantically emptied support verb (e.g., make a proposal). The choice of a support verb for a given nominalization is unpredictable, causing a problem for language learners as well as for natural language processing systems. We present here a method of discovering support verbs from an untagged corpus via low-level syntactic processing and comparison of arguments attached to verbal forms and potential nominalized forms. The result of the process is a list of potential support verbs for the nominalized form of a given predicate.
Some Issues in Design of Distributed Deductive Databases (1994)

The design of a distributed deductive database system differs from the design of conventional non-distributed deductive database systems in that it requires design of distribution of both the database and rulebase. In this paper, we address the rule allocation problem. We consider minimization of data communication cost during rule execution as a primary basis for rule allocation. The rule allocation problem can be stated in terms of a directed acyclic graph, where nodes represent rules or relations, and edges represent either dependencies between rules or usage of relations by rules. The arcs are given weights representing volume of data that need to flow between the connected nodes. We show that rule allocation problem is NP-complete. Next, we propose a heuristic for nonreplicated allocation based on successively combining adjacent nodes for placement at same site which are connected by highest weight edge, and study its performance vis-a-vis the enumerative algorithm for optimal all...
Palladium‐Catalyzed Tandem Oxidative Arylation/Olefination of Aromatic Tethered Alkenes/Alkynes (2016)

We describe herein a palladium-catalyzed tandem oxidative arylation/olefination reaction of aromatic tethered alkenes/alkynes for the synthesis of dihydrobenzofurans and 2 H-chromene derivatives. This reaction features a 1,2-difunctionalization of C-C π-bond with two C-H bonds using O<sub>2</sub> as terminal oxidant at room temperature. The products obtained are valuable synthons and important scaffolds in biological agents and natural products.
Imaging and identifying defects in nitride semiconductor thin films using a scanning electron microscope (2012)

Abstract We describe the use of electron channelling contrast imaging (ECCI) – in a field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) – to reveal and identify defects in nitride semiconductor thin films. In ECCI changes in crystallographic orientation, or changes in lattice constant due to local strain, are revealed by changes in grey scale in an image constructed by monitoring the intensity of backscattered electrons (BSEs) as an electron beam is scanned over a suitably oriented sample. Extremely small orientation changes are detectable, enabling small angle tilt and rotation boundaries and dislocations to be imaged. Images with a resolution of tens of nanometres are obtainable with ECCI. In this paper, we describe the use of ECCI with TEM to determine threading dislocation densities and types in InAlN/GaN heterostructures grown on SiC and sapphire substrates.
Comparison of antibacterial efficacy of coconut oil and chlorhexidine on Streptococcus mutans: An : An in vivo study study (2016)

Coconut oil is as effective as chlorhexidine in the reduction of <i>S. mutans</i>.