gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrated analytics system for electric industry asset management (2016)

Energy and utility companies are asset-intensive and often have aging infrastructure. They are also making a transition from time-based maintenance and heuristic decision-making to condition-driven maintenance and information-based decision-making. Achieving the objectives for infrastructure asset management requires integration of information from multiple heterogeneous data sources. This data resides in diverse and distributed systems of record, and these systems have proprietary data formats, data semantics, and data stewardship processes. It is challenging to organize these varieties of data sources into an integrated system to enable development and deployment of a wide variety of advanced asset analytics to support an effective asset management strategy. In this paper, we report on an integrated analytics system that addresses challenges in 1) organizing the data sources into a coherent integrated data model, 2) providing core capability of history reconstruction and other data services, and 3) provisioning to handle the large volume of historical data.
A new instrument for assessing quality of life in atopic dermatitis: international development of the Quality of Life Index for Atopic Dermatitis (QoLIAD) (2004)

The QoLIAD is a practical, reliable, valid and culturally applicable instrument for measuring the impact of AD and its treatment on QoL in clinical trials or in routine clinical practice.
Protein-Based Bioscavengers of Organophosphorus Nerve Agents (2019)

This chapter discusses the state of stoichiometric and catalytic bioscavenger development. Bioscavenger proteins have the potential to prevent or treat nerve agent poisoning. Bioscavengers detoxify in two ways: stoichiometric bioscavengers sequester nerve agents, removing them from circulation, while catalytic bioscavengers enzymatically degrade nerve agents. Organophosphorus nerve agent (OPNA) poisoning leads to an array of symptoms associated with neurotransmitter dysregulation. Organophosphate acid anhydrolase is a 517-amino acid bimetalohydrolase containing a small N-terminal domain and a large C-terminal domain, structured as a “pitta bread” fold. A high concentration of stoichiometric bioscavenger is required to protect against multiple LD50s of a nerve agent exposure. The antidotal and therapeutic potentials of a human B-family esterase, endowed with a high turnover rate for OPNA binding and hydrolysis, are great. Butyrylcholinesterase has demonstrated protection against multiple G- and V-series nerve agents across a range of animal models.
Bump-Type Foil Bearing Structural Stiffness: Experiments and Predictions (2004)

Abstract Gas foil bearings (FB) satisfy many of the requirements noted for novel oil-free turbomachinery. However, FB design remains largely empirical, in spite of successful commercial applications. The mechanical structural characteristics of foil bearings, namely stiffness and damping, have been largely ignored in the archival literature. Four commercial bump-type foil bearings were acquired to measure their load capacity under conditions of no shaft rotation. The test bearings contain a single Teflon-coated foil supported on 25 bumps. The nominal radial clearance is 0.036mm for a 38mm journal. A simple test setup was assembled to measure the FB deflections resulting from static loads. The tests were conducted with three shafts of increasing diameter to induce a degree of preload into the FB structure. Static measurements show nonlinear FB deflections, varying with the orientation of the load relative to the foil spot weld. Loading and unloading tests evidence hysteresis. The FB structural stiffness increases as the bumps-foil radial deflection increases (hardening effect). The assembly preload results in notable stiffness changes, in particular for small radial loads. A simple analytical model assembles individual bump stiffnesses and renders predictions for the FB structural stiffness as a function of the bump geometry and material, dry-friction coefficient, load orientation, clearance and preload. The model predicts well the test data, including the hardening effect. The uncertainty in the actual clearance (gap) upon assembly of a shaft into a FB affects most of the predictions.
Serum surfactant protein-A, but not surfactant protein-D or KL-6, can predict preclinical lung damage induced by smoking (2008)

Serum surfactant protein (SP)-A offers a useful clinical marker for interstitial lung disease (ILD). However, SP-A is occasionally elevated in non-ILD pulmonary patients. The present study was conducted to investigate factors that affect serum SP- A levels in respiratory medicine. Serum SP-A, serum SP-D, serum Klebs von den Lungen (KL)-6 and pulmonary function tests were evaluated in 929 patients (current smokers, n=255; ex-smokers, n=242; never-smokers, n=432) without ILD or pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. Serum SP-A was significantly higher in current smokers than in never- or ex-smokers (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively). Serum SP- A was significantly higher in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary thromboembolism than in other diseases (p<0.01). Serum SP-A correlated positively with amount of smoking (p<0.01) and negatively with forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity (p<0.05). Serum SP-D and KL-6 were unaffected by smoking. Smoking should be taken into account when evaluating serum SP-A levels, and different baseline levels of serum SP-A should be established for smokers and non-smokers. Serum SP-A may also represent a useful marker for predicting COPD in the preclinical stage.
Study of security management system based on client/server model (2003)

In this paper, a network security management system is studied based on the client/server model and proposed to enable a security manager to monitor and properly oppose an intrusion to the system from outside. In order to offer a detection of outer-intrusion to the manager, first it is made to define the information related to security collected in the monitored computer, second it is made to transform the information into meaningful information by analyzing and preprocessing it. The preprocessed security management information is appropriately shown to the manager in a form like tables, graphs, and reports. The manager plans a security management policy based on the results analyzed from each monitored system. Here the elements to configure this model-security information collection agent, security manager system, and security management visualization system-are described about their functions and roles.
Problems in policing (1981)

M. Pratt, Mugging as a Social Problem, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1980, £11.95. J. M. Jones, Organisational Aspects of Police Behaviour, Gower, London, 1980, £11.50.
Cleavage of unactivated amide bonds by ammonium salt-accelerated hydrazinolysis (2014)

Hydrazinolysis of unactivated amide bonds is significantly accelerated by the addition of ammonium salts. The reactions proceed at 50-70 °C to give amines with broad substrate scope that outperforms existing amide bond cleavage reactions. Application to peptide and amino sugar derivatives is also demonstrated.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response genes to predict first-line treatment outcome in patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): Data from the MAVERICC and FIRE-3 trials. (2021)

103 Background: ER stress, triggered by the disruption of intracellular protein homeostasis, promotes the activation of a highly conserved adaptive program called unfolded protein response (UPR). UPR signaling has been reported to contribute to tumor initiation and progression, as well as microenvironment remodeling and chemoresistance in multiple cancer types, including CRC. Several studies point to a direct role of the UPR in tumor angiogenesis and an interaction with EGFR signaling. We therefore hypothesized that genetic variants in ER stress response genes may predict first-line treatment outcome in mCRC pts. Methods: The impact on outcome of 17 functional SNPs in 8 core genes of the ER stress response pathway ( IRE1, PERK, ATF6, XBP1, CHOP, GRP78, GADD34, ATF4) was analyzed on a total of 560 pts enrolled in two independent randomized first-line trials: MAVERICC (FOLFIRI/bevacizumab, [bev] n = 163; FOLFOX6/bev, n = 161), and FIRE-3 (FOLFIRI/bev, n = 107; FOLFIRI/cetuximab [cet], n = 129). Genomic DNA from blood samples of pts was genotyped through the OncoArray, a custom array manufactured by Illumina. The association between SNPs and clinical outcomes was evaluated using Cox regression and log-rank tests. The SNP*treatment interaction was assessed in both trials. Results: IRE1 rs16947383 any T allele variant was associated with shorter progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to the C/C genotype in pts treated with FOLFIRI/bev in the MAVERICC trial both in uni- and multivariate analysis: 10.5 vs 14.1 months for PFS, adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12-2.99, adjusted P-value = 0.02; 23.8 vs 38.4 months for OS, adjusted HR 2.12, 95%CI 1.1-4.09, adjusted P-value = 0.02. The association with OS was validated in the FIRE-3 FOLFIRI/bev arm where any T allele carriers showed significantly shorter OS compared to the C/C genotype in both uni- and multivariate analysis: 21.1 vs 44.2 months, adjusted HR 2.06, 95%CI 1.01-4.18, adjusted P-value = 0.05. This effect was not observed in MAVERICC FOLFOX6 and FIRE-3 cet cohorts. A significant interaction was found between IRE1 rs16947383 and treatment on OS in both trials: P = 0.04 in MAVERICC (FOLFIRI vs FOLFOX6), and P = 0.03 in FIRE-3 (bev vs cet). In the MAVERICC FOLFOX6/bev arm, XBP1 rs2239815 and PERK rs6731022 SNPs were associated with shorter PFS and OS, while GADD34 rs610308 with longer OS, in multivariable analysis ( P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: Our results provide evidence that germline polymorphisms in ER stress response genes may have a predictive value in mCRC pts receiving first-line bev-based treatment and contribute to modulate anti-VEGF efficacy.
Emerging Thin‐Film Photovoltaic Technologies (2015)

Abstract With free fuel from the sun, the cost of photovoltaic (PV) power is just related to conversion efficiency, lifetime and cost of the PV system. After successful optimization, crystalline silicon took the lead and a respectable PV market developed under the umbrella of subsidies. Thin‐film PV technologies provide the opportunity to reduce PV costs radically. They need less active material and their production processes are lean. In addition, flexibility, low weight and transparency will open new markets. This review gives an overview about the status of three emerging thin‐film technologies.
Coating of Pd/C catalysts with Lewis-acidic ionic liquids and liquid coordination complexes – SCILL induced activity enhancement in arene hydrogenation (2017)

Acid doping – coating of Pd/C catalysts with Lewis-acidic liquid films results in increased hydrogenation activity at very mild reaction conditions.
The cytosolic components of the respiratory burst oxidase exist as a M(r) approximately 240,000 complex that acquires a membrane-binding site during activation of the oxidase in a cell-free system. (1992)

Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) treatment of a mixture of cytosol and plasma membranes from resting neutrophils resulted in the activation of the respiratory burst oxidase, a complicated enzyme that catalyzes the production of O2- from NADPH and oxygen. Activation was accompanied by translocation to the plasma membranes of the oxidase components p47phox and p67phox, which in resting cytosol were found in a M(r) approximately 240,000 complex. This translocation, which appeared to take place without a major change in the size of the cytosolic complex, did not occur if the membranes lacked cytochrome b558, and was inhibited by the peptide PRGV-HFIFNK, a sequence found near the carboxyl terminus of cytochrome b558 that was known from earlier work to inhibit O2- production by the cell-free system (Rotrosen, D., Kleinberg, M. E., Nunoi, H., Leto T., Gallin, J. I., and Malech H. L. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 8745-8750). Cytosols pretreated with the cross-linking agents 3,3'-dithiobis(sulfosuccinimidyl) propionate (DTSSP) (cleavable by 2-mercaptoethanol) and bis-(sulfosuccinimidyl) suberate (not cleavable by 2-mercaptoethanol) lost most of their ability to support O2- production in the cell-free system, and oxidase components from DTSSP-treated cytosol failed to translocate to the plasma membrane. When DTSSP-treated cytosols were incubated with 2-mercaptoethanol, however, both O2- production and translocation were partly restored, indicating that the functional impairment in DTSSP-treated cytosols was probably due at least in part to a restriction in the conformational mobility of the cross-linked peptide chains in the approximately 240,000 complex. These findings provide further support for the idea that the cytosolic components of the respiratory burst oxidase exist in the form of a approximately 240,000 complex, and suggest that the exposure of this complex to SDS induces a structural change that may or may not be associated with the loss of an inhibitory subunit too small to cause a detectable change in the size of the complex. This SDS-induced change allows translocation to take place by creating a membrane-binding site on the surface of the complex.
Possible Mechanism for the Neuroprotective Effects of l‐Carnitine on Methamphetamine‐Evoked Neurotoxicity (2003)

Some of the damage to the CNS that is observed following amphetamine and methamphetamine (METH) administration is known to be linked to increased formation of free radicals. This increase could be, in part, related to mitochondrial dysfunction and/or cause damage to the mitochondria, thereby leading to a failure of cellular energy metabolism and an increase in secondary excitotoxicity. The actual neuronal damage that occurs with METH-induced toxicity seems to affect dopaminergic cells in particular. METH-induced toxicity is related to an increase in the generation of both reactive oxygen (hydroxyl, superoxide, peroxide) and nitrogen (nitric oxide) species. Peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)), which is a reaction product of either superoxide or nitric oxide, is the most damaging radical. It can be reduced by antioxidants such as selenium, melatonin, and the selective nNOS inhibitor, 7-nitroindazole. METH-induced toxicity has been previously shown to increase production of the peroxynitrite stress marker, 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), in vitro, in cultured PC12 cells, and also in vivo, in the striatum of adult male mice. Pre- and post-treatment of mice with l-carnitine (LC) significantly attenuated the production of 3-NT in the striatum after METH exposure. LC is a mitochondriotropic compound in that it carries long-chain fatty acyl groups into mitochondria for beta-oxidation. It was shown also to play a protective role against various mitochondrial toxins, such as 3-nitropropionic acid. The protective effects of LC against METH-induced toxicity could be related to its prevention of possible metabolic compromise produced by METH and the resulting energy deficits. In particular, LC may be maintaining the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) and modulating the activation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTP), especially the cyclosporin-dependent mPTP. The possible neuroprotective mechanism of LC against METH-toxicity and the role of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and the generation of free radicals and their subsequent action on the MPT and mPTP are also being examined using an in vitro model of NGF-differentiated pheochromocytoma cells (PC12). In preliminary experiments, the pretreatment of PC12 cells with LC (5 mM), added 10 min before METH (500 micro M), indicated that LC enhances METH-induced DA depletion. The role of LC in attenuating METH-evoked toxicity is still under investigation and promises to reveal information regarding the underlying mechanisms and role of mitochondria in the triggering of cell death.
AED (automatic external defibrillators) algorithms. The "shocking" truth. (1994)

Automatic external defibrillators (AEDs) have proven to be successful tools against sudden cardiac death since the 1970s. They operate on a simple premise--using a device with a built-in algorithm in a computer chip to "read" a persons's electrocardiogram (ECG) and, if necessary, advise or deliver a shock to bring the person back to a normal rhythm. When first introduced, these devices used various methods of collecting ECG's and detecting ventricular fibrillation (v fib) and ventricular tachycardia (v tach), two treatable dysrhythmias.
Urinary Thrombomodulin Levels Were Significantly Higher Following Occupational Exposure to Chemicals, In The Presence of Dipstick Protein, But Not in the Presence of Dipstick Blood (2016)

Currently, there are no biomarkers which can identify patients with an increased risk of developing urothelial cancer as a result of occupational chemical exposure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships between final diagnosis and 22 biomarkers measured in urine, serum and plasma collected from 156 hematuric patients. Fourteen of the 80 patients (17.5%) with urothelial cancer and 13/76 (17.1%) of the controls were deemed to have a history of chemical exposure. We applied Fisher's exact tests to explore associations between chemical exposure and final diagnosis, and tumor stage and grade, where applicable; ANOVA and t-test to compare age across patients with and without chemical exposure; and Zelen's exact test to evaluate relationships across final diagnosis, chemical exposure and smoking. Following pre-selection of biomarkers using Lasso, we identified biomarkers with differential levels across patients with and without chemical exposure using Welch's t-test. Using a one-sided t-test and considering multiple testing using FDR, we observed that TM levels in urine were significantly higher in samples from patients with a history of chemical exposure regardless of their diagnosis as control or urothelial cancer (one-sided t-test, p<sub>UC</sub> = 0.014 and p<sub>CTL</sub> = 0.043); in the presence of dipstick protein and when urinary pH levels ≤ 6 (p = 0.003), but not in the presence of dipstick blood (p = 0.115). Urothelial cancer patients with a history of chemical exposure were significantly younger (64.1 years) than those without chemical exposure (70.2 years) (one-sided t-test p-value = 0.012); and their tumors were higher grade (Fisher's exact test; p = 0.008). There was a strong association between a history of chemical exposure and smoking in urothelial cancer patients (Zelen's exact test; p = 0.025). Elevated urinary thrombomodulin levels could have the potential to identify chemical exposure in hematuric patients at high risk of developing urothelial cancer.
Satellite constellation design and radio resource management using genetic algorithm (2004)

Novel strategies for automatic satellite constellation design with satellite diversity and radio resource management are proposed. The automatic satellite constellation design means that some parameters of satellite constellation design can be determined simultaneously. The total number of satellites, the altitude of a satellite, the angle between planes, the angle shift between satellites and the inclination angle are considered in the design. Satellite constellation design is modelled using a multiobjective genetic algorithm. This method is applied to low Earth orbit (LEO), medium Earth orbit (MEO) and hybrid constellations. The use of a genetic algorithm allows automatic satellite constellation design while achieving dual satellite diversity statistics. Furthermore, a strategy for dynamic channel allocation is proposed that uses a genetic algorithm for use in mobile satellite systems (MSS) networks. The main idea behind this algorithm is to use the minimum cost as a metric to provide optimum channel solutions for specified interference constraints. The simulation is designed for a MEO satellite constellation. Using this algorithm, the proposed model outperforms conventional dynamic channel assignment (DCA) schemes in terms of call blocking and call dropping probability. Generally, genetic algorithms are robust to dynamic variations in satellite constellation design and provide resource allocation improvements in DCA in MSS networks.
Adsorption of Amyloid Beta Peptide by Metal–Organic Frameworks (2020)

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are capable of adsorbing a wide range of molecules. In addition to the more commonly investigated small molecules, researchers have demonstrated that MOFs adsorb much larger molecules, such as proteins and peptides. We have investigated whether MOFs are capable of adsorbing amyloid beta peptide. Amyloid beta plays a pivotal role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease because individual copies of the peptides can aggregate, forming neurotoxic oligomers and the amyloid plaques found in brains of Alzheimer's patients. After synthesizing a number of commonly studied MOFs, their adsorption capabilities were tested. We found that the MOFs tested readily adsorbed small amounts of amyloid beta (as determined by gel electrophoresis). It was determined that in most cases, adsorption occurs rapidly, with complete adsorption within minutes of incubation. Overall adsorption capacity was found to vary between different MOFs as well. Once adsorbed, amyloid beta peptide can subsequently be eluted from some MOFs by treatment with acetonitrile/water solutions, though retention strength varied between different MOFs. In some cases, MOFs that showed complete adsorption also saw high levels of peptide elution, but others showed little to no elution of the peptide. Together these data can help us begin to understand the interactions between amyloid beta and MOFs.
Imaging intramolecular energy transfer in conjugated polymers by single chain spectroscopy (2003)

We report on the time resolved polarized emission from individual conjugated polymer chains as a function of temperature. Besides observing intrachain energy transfer in real time, we can also infer dephasing times from homogeneous linewidths.
Aggregation-induced emission: the origin of lignin fluorescence (2016)

Aggregation-induced emission plays a role in the origin of lignin fluorescence owing to the agglomeration of carbonyl groups and restriction of intramolecular rotation.
Surface tension of polymers with long unbranched side chains (1972)

Abstract The surface tension of polymers having long unbranched side chains was measured by a contact‐angle technique. It ranges between 20–29 dynes/cm and is almost entirely due to dispersion forces. At the lower end of this range the side chains are attached to every other carbon atom of the main chain and the structure is characterized by extended alkyl side chains at right angles to the main chain with methyl groups forming the interface. As the spacing frequency of the side chains increases and the main chain becomes the site of other bulky groups, this structure becomes less ordered and the surface tension increases to the high twenties. The same effect, to a lesser extent, is observed when the length of the side chains is gradually diminished to 12 carbon atoms from 21. A sudden increase of the polar force contribution of the surface tension at 10–12 carbon atoms indicates collapse of the ordered side‐chain structure.
Substrate‐integrated waveguide matching terminations with microwave absorbing material (2014)

Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) matching terminations or loads are proposed for low‐cost integration in SIW circuits and systems. The principles of narrowband and broadband SIW terminations are demonstrated and discussed. Both narrowband and broadband terminations are optimised, fabricated and measured over the frequency range of 6–15 GHz. Relative frequency bandwidths (| S 11| &lt; 20 dB) of the narrowband and broadband terminations are 7.6 and 42.6%, respectively. Good agreement between the measured and simulated results validates the feasibility of the proposed design strategies of SIW terminations.