gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increased efficiency of topping cycle PCFB power plants (1996)

Pressurized circulating fluidized bed (PCFB) power plants offer the power industry significantly increased efficiencies with reduced costs of electricity and lower emissions. When topping combustion is incorporated in the plant, these advantages are enhanced. In the plant, coal is fed to a pressurized carbonizer that produces a low-Btu fuel gas and char. After passing through a cyclone and ceramic barrier filter to remove gas-entrained particulates and a packed bed of emathelite pellets to remove alkali vapors. the fuel gas is burned in a topping combustor to produce the energy required to drive a gas turbine. The gas turbine drives a generator combustor, and a fluidized bed heat exchanger (FBHE). The carbonizer char is burned in the PCFB and the exhaust gas passes through its own cyclone, ceramic barrier filter, and alkali getter and supports combustion of the fuel gas in the topping combustor. Steam generated in a heat-recovery steam generator (HRSG) downstream of the gas turbine and in the FBHE associated with the PCFB drives the steam turbine generator that furnishes the balance of electric power delivered by the plant.
Optical Resolution and Racemization Mechanism of a Tellurinic Acid (2004)

[reaction: see text] Optically active tellurinic acid was obtained for the first time by chromatographic resolution of racemic 2,4,6-triisopropylbenzenetellurinic acid (1) using a chiral column. Optically active tellurinic acid (+)-1 was stable toward racemization in hexane, although racemization occurred in hexane/2-propanol. The kinetic studies for the racemization, oxygen exchange reaction using H(2)(18)O, and theoretical studies clarified that the racemization of the optically active tellurinic acid in solution proceeds via a hypervalent tellurane formed by addition of water remaining in solvent.
Obtention of a human primary humoral response against schistosome protective antigens in severe combined immunodeficiency mice after the transfer of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (1991)

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy donors were injected into C.B.-17 severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mice which were subsequently immunized with crude Schistosoma mansoni adult worm antigenic preparation (SWAP) or with recombinant S. mansoni 28-kDa glutathione transferase (r-Sm-28-GST) antigen. PBMC from a S. mansoni-infected patient were also transferred. The specific human anti-SWAP and anti-Sm-28-GST antibody responses were monitored. The presence in both cases of human specific antibodies in scid mouse sera was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting techniques using anti-human immunoglobulin reagents. No antibodies were detected in these sera using anti-mouse immunoglobulin antisera. These antibodies were functional since a cytotoxic activity against schistosomula was observed when monocytes were incubated with scid mouse sera positive for anti-Sm-28-GST antibodies.
Investigation of Phenomena Taking Place in LASER Surface Alloying Steels of WC-Co (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
CYP2C9 genotype and pharmacodynamic responses to losartan in patients with primary and secondary kidney diseases (2020)

Losartan is used for anti-proteinuric as well as blood pressure effects in chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is metabolized by cytochrome P450 2C9 to active E-3174. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in CYP2C9 that reduce catalytic activity could reduce clinical benefits. The study aims were to determine whether CYP2C9 variant alleles (*2 and *3) altered urinary protein excretion, glomerular filtration rate, and blood pressure in Caucasians prescribed losartan. Differences between baseline and six-month follow-up outcomes were compared by CYP2C9 genotypes in 59 patients using unpaired T-test or Mann Whitney U test. Primary renal disease patients had a trend toward less favorable antiproteinuric response (−31.7±156 vs −125±323%; p=0.123) when carrying variant alleles. Patients with secondary renal diseases had less favorable diastolic blood pressure (9.8±16.0 mm Hg vs −3.2±10.6 mm Hg; p=0.043) and systolic blood pressure (16.2±27.1 mm Hg vs −5.5±17.5 mm Hg; p=0.044) with CYP2C9 variants. Preliminary results suggest a possible influence of CYP2C9 genotype on proteinuria and blood pressure in Caucasian CKD patients treated with losartan.
Laser continu à 205 nm : application à la mesure du déplacement de Lamb dans l'hydrogène (1995)

The subject of this thesis is the construction of an experimental set-up, and in particular of a tunable continuous-wave laser at 205nm, for the measurement of the ground state Lamb shift in atomic hydrogen. Chapter 1 deals with the Lamb shift from a historical point of view, and with the interest of its measurement, for metrology and test of quantum electrodynamics. Chapter 2 is devoted to the theory of the hydrogen atom. The principle of the experiment is based on the comparison of two frequencies which are in a ratio four : those of the two-photon transitions of 2S-6S or 2S-6D and 1S-3S. Chapter 3 describes the experimental set-up used to measure the 2S-6D transition which is excited by a titanium-sapphire laser at 820nm. The 205nm light required to excite the 1S-3S transition is generated by two frequency-doublings of the titanium-sapphire laser, made in non-linear crystals placed in enhancement cavities. Chapter 4 is entirely devoted to the frequency-doubling. After a recall of non-linear optics, the enhancement cavities are described in detail, as well as the results we achieved. At last chapter 5 describes the research for a signal on the 1S-3S transition : the construction of a ground state atomic beam, and the development of the detection system. This work has led to a preliminary measurement of the ground state Lamb shift in atomic hydrogen : L(1S) = 8172.850 (174) MHz whose result is in very good agreement with both the previous measurements and the most recent theoretical results.
Adaptive Cache Management for a Combined SRAM and DRAM Cache Hierarchy for Multi-cores (2013)

On-chip DRAM caches may alleviate the memory bandwidth problem in future multi-core architectures through reducing off-chip accesses via increased cache capacity. For memory intensive applications, recent research has demonstrated the benefits of introducing high capacity on-chip L4-DRAM as Last-Level-Cache between L3-SRAM and off-chip memory. These multi-core cache hierarchies attempt to exploit the latency benefits of L3-SRAM and capacity benefits of L4-DRAM caches. However, not taking into consideration the cache access patterns of complex applications can cause inter-core DRAM interference and inter-core cache contention. In this paper, we contest to re-architect existing cache hierarchies by proposing a hybrid cache architecture, where the Last-Level-Cache is a combination of SRAM and DRAM caches. We propose an adaptive DRAM placement policy in response to the diverse requirements of complex applications with different cache access behaviors. It reduces inter-core DRAM interference and inter-core cache contention in SRAM/DRAM-based hybrid cache architectures: increasing the harmonic mean instruction-per-cycle throughput by 23.3% (max. 56%) and 13.3% (max. 35.1%) compared to state-of-the-art.
An 18-Year Follow-up of Overweight and Risk of Alzheimer Disease (2003)

Overweight is epidemic in Western societies. Our data suggest that overweight at high ages is a risk factor for dementia, particularly AD, in women. This may have profound implications for dementia prevention.
Time-resolved detection of atomic chlorine by coherent anti-stokes Raman spectroscopy (1990)

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy is used for time-resolved detection of chlorine atoms produced by photodissociation of chlorine molecules. The rate constants of elementary reaction Cl+Cl+Cl2=2Cl2 are determined.
Numerical Simulation of Electromagnetic Phenomena and Solidification under a Pulsed Magnetic Field (2019)

The transient electromagnetic phenomena and solidification of Al-Cu alloy under a typical pulsed magnetic field (PMF) are numerically studied by a two-dimensional (2D) axisymmetric model. The results show that the magnetic flux density, eddy current density, Lorentz force and Joule heat all inherit the instantaneous and intermittent feature of the PMF, and their amplitudes and phases decrease with the increasing distance to the side surface of the ingot. The Lorentz force appears alternatively as pressure force and pull force mainly in the radial direction. Forced convection is induced in the liquid metal, and the flow field is composed of a clockwise vortex and a counter-clockwise vortex in the meridian plane of the ingot. The melt velocity is accompanied with a dramatic periodic oscillation. The temperature field in the ingot with the PMF tends uniform due to the mixing effect of the melt flow. However, the convection is damped soon after the solidification starts due to the increasing penetration resistance, and the temperature field gradually approximates that in the case without the PMF.
Properties of cutoff corrugated surfaces for corrugated horn design (1974)

Corrugated horns involve a junction between the corrugated surface and a conducting groundplane. Proper horn design requires an understanding of the electromagnetic properties of the corrugated surface and this junction. An integral equation solution has been used to study the influence of corrugation density and tooth thickness on the power loss, surface current, and the scattering from a groundplane-corrugated surface junction.
Half-occlusion processing in stereoscopic vision (2007)

This study investigated questions related to half-occlusion processing in human stereoscopic vision: (1) How does the depth location of a half-occluding figure affect the depth localization of adjacent monocular objects? (2) Is three-dimensional slant around vertical axis (geometric effect) affected by half-occlusion constraints? and (3) How the half-occlusion constraints and surface formation processes are manifested in stereoscopic capture? \n\nOur results showed that the depth localization of binocular objects affects the depth localization of discrete monocular objects. We also showed that the visual system has a preference for a frontoparallel surface interpretation if the half-occlusion configuration allows multiple interpretation alternatives. When the surface formation was constrained by textures, our results showed that a process of rematching spreading determines the resulting perception and that the spreading can be limited by illusory contours that support the presence of binocularly unmatched figures. The unmatched figures could be present, if the inducing figures producing the illusory surface contained binocular image differences that provided cues for quantitative da Vinci stereopsis. These findings provide evidence of the significant role of half-occlusions in stereoscopic processing.
Subjective Straight Ahead Orientation in Microgravity (2015)

This joint ESA NASA study will address adaptive changes in spatial orientation related to the subjective straight ahead and the use of a vibrotactile sensory aid to reduce perceptual errors. The study will be conducted before and after long-duration expeditions to the International Space Station (ISS) to examine how spatial processing of target location is altered following exposure to microgravity. This study addresses the sensorimotor research gap to determine the changes in sensorimotor function over the course of a mission and during recovery after landing.
Low NOx and Low Smoke Operation of a Diesel Engine Using Gasolinelike Fuels (2010)

Much of the technology in advanced diesel engines, such as high injection pressures, is aimed at overcoming the short ignition delay of conventional diesel fuels to promote premixed combustion in order to reduce NOx and smoke. Previous work in a 2 l single-cylinder diesel engine with a compression ratio of 14 has demonstrated that gasoline fuel, because of its high ignition delay, is very beneficial for premixed compression-ignition compared with a conventional diesel fuel. We have now done similar studies in a smaller—0.537 l—single-cylinder diesel engine with a compression ratio of 15.8. The engine was run on three fuels of very different auto-ignition quality—a typical European diesel fuel with a cetane number (CN) of 56, a typical European gasoline of 95 RON and 85 MON with an estimated CN of 16 and another gasoline of 84 RON and 78 MON (estimated CN of 21). The previous results with gasoline were obtained only at 1200 rpm—here we compare the fuels also at 2000 rpm and 3000 rpm. At 1200 rpm, at low loads (∼4 bars indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP)) when smoke is negligible, NOx levels below 0.4 g/kWh can be easily attained with gasoline without using exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), while this is not possible with the 56 CN European diesel. At these loads, the maximum pressure-rise rate is also significantly lower for gasoline. At 2000 rpm, with 2 bars absolute intake pressure, NOx can be reduced below 0.4 g/kW h with negligible smoke (FSN&lt;0.1) with gasoline between 10 bars and 12 bars IMEP using sufficient EGR, while this is not possible with the diesel fuel. At 3000 rpm, with the intake pressure at 2.4 bars absolute, NOx of 0.4 g/kW h with negligible smoke was attainable with gasoline at 13 bars IMEP. Hydrocarbon and CO emissions are higher for gasoline and will require after-treatment. High peak heat release rates can be alleviated using multiple injections. Large amounts of gasoline, unlike diesel, can be injected very early in the cycle without causing heat release during the compression stroke and this enables the heat release profile to be shaped.
Employing ai methods to control the behavior of animated interface agents (1999)

Life - like characters are increasingly gaining the attention of researchers and commercial developers of user interfaces . A strong argument in favor of using such characters in the interface is the rich repertoire of options they offer , enabling the emulation of communication styles common in human - human dialog . This contribution presents a framework for the development of presentation agents , which can be used for a broad range of applications including personalized information delivery fromthe WWW .
Characterization of equine infectious anemia virus dUTPase: growth properties of a dUTPase-deficient mutant (1993)

The putative dUTPase domain was deleted from the polymerase (pol) gene of equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) to produce a recombinant delta DUpol Escherichia coli expression cassette and a delta DU proviral clone. Expression of the recombinant delta DUpol polyprotein yielded a properly processed and enzymatically active reverse transcriptase, as determined by immunoblot analysis and DNA polymerase activity gels. Transfection of delta DU provirus into feline (FEA) cells resulted in production of virus that replicated to wild-type levels in both FEA cells and fetal equine kidney cells. In contrast, the delta DU virus replicated poorly (less than 1% of wild-type levels) in primary equine macrophage cultures, as measured by reverse transcriptase assays. Preparations of delta DU virus contained negligible dUTPase activity, which confirms that virion-associated dUTPase is encoded in the pol gene region between the RNase H domain and integrase, as has been demonstrated previously for feline immunodeficiency virus (J. H. Elder, D. L. Lerner, C. S. Hasselkus-Light, D. J. Fontenot, E. Hunter, P. A. Luciw, R. C. Montelaro, and T. R. Phillips, J. Virol. 66:1791-1794, 1992). Our results suggest that virus-encoded dUTPase is dispensable for virus replication in dividing cells in vitro but may be required for efficient replication of EIAV in nondividing equine macrophages, the natural host cells for this virus.
Programmable modification of cell adhesion and zeta potential in silica microchips (2003)

Spatial patterning of thin polyacrylamide films bonded to self-assembled monolayers on silica microchannels is described as a means for manipulating cell-adhesion and electroosmotic properties in microchips. Streaming potential measurements indicate that the zeta potential is reduced by at least two orders of magnitude at biological pH, and the adhesion of several kinds of cells is reduced by 80-100%. Results are shown for cover slides and in wet-etched silica microchannels. Because the polyacrylamide film is thin and transparent, this film is consistent with optical manipulation of cells and detection of cell contents. The spatial patterning technique is straightforward and has the potential to aid on-chip analysis of single adherent cells.
euroFOT: Large Scale Field Operational Test Impact Assessment (2009)

This paper discusses the approach for impact assessment that is applied in the euroFOT project. The euroFOT project aims to investigate the impacts of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and to encourage the deployment of these. Started within the seventh framework program, the euroFOT project will establish a comprehensive, technical and socio-economic assessment program for evaluating the impact of ADAS on safety, environment, traffic efficiency, user acceptance and other user-related aspects in a real environment. The approach is based on the FESTA handbook, which provides guidelines for conducting field operational tests (FOTs). The handbook approach is adapted according to the specific requirements of the euroFOT project. With this assessment program, the impacts of the ITS equipped vehicles in the euroFOT test are studied.
Evaluation of multidrug-resistant Bacillus strains causing public health risks in powdered infant milk formulas (2019)

Based on these findings, we concluded that the powdered infant formula marketed in Riyadh City may act as a source of bacterial isolates that are resistant to several standard antibiotics.
Identification of a Nuclear Protein from Rat Developing Brain as Heterodimerization Partner with Thyroid Hormone Receptor-β (1997)

Thyroid hormone receptors (TR) are ligand-activated transcription factors that modulate the expression of certain target genes in a developmental and tissue-specific manner. These specificities are determined by the tissue distribution of the TR isoforms alpha1 and beta1, the structure of the thyroid hormone response element (TRE) bound by the receptor, and heterodimerization partners. Among these, retinoid X receptors (RXR) have been recognized as the principal partners for TR. The present work reports the identification of a novel nuclear protein from 19-day-old embryonic rat brain that displays a distinct interaction pattern with TR isoforms at the level of the TRE of two genes known to be differentially expressed and regulated by thyroid hormone (T3): the ubiquitous malic enzyme and the brain-specific myelin basic protein. Electrophoretic gel mobility shift assays demonstrate that only TRbeta1 forms a specific complex with the rat brain nuclear factor on the myelin basic protein-TRE, but not on the malic enzyme-TRE. Thus, the interaction is selectively determined by both the receptor isoform and the structure of the TRE. The expression of this brain nuclear factor is restricted to the perinatal period, when myelination is sensitive to T3. Gel supershift assays with RXR-specific antibodies indicate that this factor is not one of the known RXR isoforms. However, it is most likely a new member of the RXR subfamily because it could be supershifted with an antibody raised against the highly conserved DNA-binding domain of RXRs.
Numerical simulation of the generation of secondary electrons in the High Current Experiment - eScholarship (2003)

LBNL-52223 Numerical simulation of the generation of secondary electrons in the High Current Experiment P. H. Stoltz Tech-X Corporation 5541 Central Ave. Suite 135 Boulder, CO 80301 ∗ M. A. Furman and J.-L. Vay Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA 94720 A. W. Molvik and R. H. Cohen Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA 94550 (Dated: April 24, 2003) Abstract Electron eﬀects in the High Current Experiment (HCX) are studied via computer simulation. An approximate expression for the secondary electron yield for a potassium ion striking stainless steel is derived and compared with experimental results. This approximate expression has a peak of roughly 55 electrons at normal incidence at an ion energy of 60 MeV. Using an empirical angular dependence, the secondary electron yield is combined with a numerical simulation of the HCX ion beam dynamics to obtain an estimate for the number of secondary electrons expected per ion-wall collision in the HCX. This estimate is that approximately 150-200 electrons per ion collision may result in the HCX.
TREATMENT OF OIL-CONTAMINATED DRILL CUTTINGS OF SOUTH PARS GAS FIELD IN IRAN USING SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE (2006)

New treatment technologies are currently being investigated for the treatment of contaminated drilling waste mud with oil. Supercritical fluid extraction is a promising technology that could be effectively used to extract this contaminated drilling waste mud. In this work, one step extraction efficiency of supercritical carbon dioxide to drilling waste mud of South Pars gas field has been investigated at a range of temperatures (55 to 79.5 °C), and over a pressure range of 160 to 220 bar. Extraction efficiencies were calculated based on cuttings weight loss. Results show that approximately 28.45 % of cuttings weight loss in one step extraction at a pressure of 200 bar and temperature of 60 °C can be extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide.
Petroleum Stability and Heteroatom Species Effects in Fouling of Heat Exchangers by Asphaltenes (2000)

Petroleum stability effects on heat exchanger fouling were studied using mixtures of heavy oil containing asphaltenes, and carrier fluids consisting of a fuel oil cut with varying amounts of added aliphatic or aromatic fluid. Fouling was measured in a recirculation loop using an annular, electrically heated probe. The effects of carrier fluid composition, dissolved oxygen, and heteroatomic species additions were investigated. Insolubles formed in the mixtures, measured by hot filtration, and deposits on the probe had compositions similar to asphaltenes. Fouling rates were correlated with instability indices, and with the concentrations of suspended asphaltenes.
Soft robotics: Technologies and systems pushing the boundaries of robot abilities (2016)

The proliferation of soft robotics research worldwide has brought substantial achievements in terms of principles, models, technologies, techniques, and prototypes of soft robots. Such achievements are reviewed here in terms of the abilities that they provide robots that were not possible before. An analysis of the evolution of this field shows how, after a few pioneering works in the years 2009 to 2012, breakthrough results were obtained by taking seminal technological and scientific challenges related to soft robotics from actuation and sensing to modeling and control. Further progress in soft robotics research has produced achievements that are important in terms of robot abilities-that is, from the viewpoint of what robots can do today thanks to the soft robotics approach. Abilities such as squeezing, stretching, climbing, growing, and morphing would not be possible with an approach based only on rigid links. The challenge ahead for soft robotics is to further develop the abilities for robots to grow, evolve, self-heal, develop, and biodegrade, which are the ways that robots can adapt their morphology to the environment.