gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
77 GHz monolithic MMIC Schottky- and PIN-diode switches based on GaAs MESFET and silicon SIMMWIC technology (2002)

We report on the design, fabrication and evaluation of 77 GHz monolithically integrated MMIC switches. Single-pole double-throw (SPDT) and single-pole three-throw (SP3T) switches were realized with Schottky diodes in a 0.25 /spl mu/m GaAs MESFET technology. To our knowledge, this is the first fabrication of Schottky diodes as switching elements at W-band. In a silicon SIMMWIC technology SPDT switches were developed with PIN diodes. Insertion losses of 1.5-2.5 dB and isolations better than 20 dB were obtained at 77 GHz for the different switch types. A comparison between the GaAs MESFET and the SIMMWIC technology concerning switch RF-performance, power capability and switching speed is given in this paper.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Topology Optimization for Conceptual Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures (2011)

Design of reinforced concrete structures is governed by the nonlinear behavior of concrete and by its different strengths in tension and compression. The purpose of this article is to present a computational procedure for optimal conceptual design of reinforced concrete structures, based on topology optimization with elasto-plastic material modeling. Concrete and steel are both considered as elasto-plastic materials, including the appropriate yield criteria and post-yielding response. The same approach can be applied also for topology optimization of other material compositions where nonlinear response must be consid-ered. Optimized distribution of material is achieved by introducing interpolation rules for both elastic and plastic material properties. Several numerical examples illustrate the capability and potential of the proposed procedure. 2. Keywords: Topology design, Plasticity, Reinforced concrete. Structural optimization techniques are now becoming an integral part of the design process and are widely applied, for example, in the automotive and aerospace industries. So far, optimal design had less impact on traditional structural engineering as practiced in the construction industry. One reason might
A comparison of the shrinkage of commercial bone cements when mixed under vacuum (2005)

The outcome of a cemented hip arthroplasty is partly dependent on the type of cement which is used. The production of an interface gap between the stem and the cement mantle as a result of shrinkage of the cement, may be a factor involved. Palacos R, Palacos LV (both with gentamicin), CMW 1, CMW 2, CMW Endurance (CMWE) and Simplex were prepared under vacuum and allowed to cure overnight in similar cylinders. The next day this volume was determined by the displacement of water. Shrinkage varied between 3.82% and 7.08% with CMWE having the lowest and Palacos LV the highest. This could be a factor to consider when choosing a cement for a shape-closed stem.
Cefixime for Switch Therapy (1998)

Switch therapy, or step-down therapy, is the concept of switching from an intravenous antibiotic to an oral preparation after a few days, once the condition of the patient has improved and the pathogen and its susceptibility have been determined. The orally active third-generation cephalosporin cefixime is a primary candidate for switch therapy owing to its very good efficacy and safety profile. Preliminary studies have shown excellent clinical outcomes with switch therapy to cefixime after 2-3 days for a variety of serious infections. Importantly, dramatic cost benefits have also been found, particularly with respect to reduced length of hospital stays. However, guidelines are required to indicate under what conditions switch therapy is appropriate, and awareness must be developed within hospitals among physicians, pharmacists and administrators alike.
Investigation of Spin Manipulation in Pt/CoFe2O4 via Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (2019)

A major goal in quantum science is to create a new generation of devices based on spin manipulation Through spin manipulation, magnetization can be induced in a nonmagnetic material due to close proximity with a ferromagnetic insulator. This is known as the magnetic proximity effect and has been shown to occur in platinum on cobalt ferrite CoFe2O4 is a ferromagnetic insulator with a spinel structure. Spinel oxides have diverse chemical, magnetic, and electric properties, which can be tuned by varying the cation species and coordination environment
Comparison of Functional Outcomes of Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty with Those of Hemiarthroplasty in the Treatment of Cuff-Tear Arthropathy (2013)

In this unselected population with rotator cuff-tear arthropathy, controlled for age, sex, and ASA score, reverse shoulder arthroplasty resulted in a functional outcome that was superior to that of hemiarthroplasty. Longer-term follow-up is needed to confirm these findings.
Considerations for implementing IEEE 1149.1 on system-on-a-chip integrated circuits (2002)

This paper addresses four issues associated with using IEEE Standard 1149.1 on system-on-a-chip integrated circuits (SOC ICs). First, a new, simplified method for accessing debug registers in processor cores embedded within ICs is presented. Second, structural information required by hardware/software processor development tools is presented. Third, issues associated with boundary-scan description language (BSDL) are discussed. Finally, high-speed boundary-scan cells that avoid a multiplexer delay are presented.
Computer Codes for Oilwell-Perforator Design (1997)

Summary This paper presents three computer codes used to analyze and design oilwell perforators that are specifically tailored to hydrocarbon-bearing formations. The codes are a Lagrangian, finite-element code; a Eulerian, finite-difference code; and a coupled Lagrangian/analytical code. Applications of the codes involve charge-to-charge interference effects, estimation of penetration and hole size, explanation of charge/gun-system behavior, and perforator-design optimization. Analysis of an existing six-shot/ft system, which showed charge-to-charge interference, is presented. The solution, which eliminated the interference and increased overall performance, involved charge-case modification. Topics discussed include the following. Initial correlations between experimental and calculated penetrations and hole size in steel and cement. The mechanism of producing burr-free holes in casing, explained by modeling the perforation system. An example of perforator-performance improvement by determination of discrete jet properties. Expanding the application of the codes by enlarging the equation-of-state database to include fluid-filled porous media.
Understanding a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) in Regards to Process Safety (2012)

Abstract The safety data sheet (SDS), formerly known in the United States as the material safety data sheet (MSDS), contains important information for the safe handling of chemicals. This manuscript will cover the use of safety data sheets for process design and safe handling of chemicals. Three main categories (flammability, physical properties, and toxicity) listed in a SDS will be explained. Within each category, examples will be presented on how the specific information can be used in the design of safe chemical operations. Further, within the United States, the Department of Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) revised their hazard communication standard in March of 2012. Specifically, the standard has been aligned with the United Nations’ Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). Changes include requirements for use of standardized signal words, pictograms, hazard statements, and precautionary statements. The presentation will review examples of these important changes, and relating these to the GHS for safe use of chemicals within the workplace worldwide.
Feeling the Heat: The Campylobacter jejuni HrcA Transcriptional Repressor Is an Intrinsic Protein Thermosensor (2021)

The heat-shock response, a universal protective mechanism consisting of a transcriptional reprogramming of the cellular transcriptome, results in the accumulation of proteins which counteract the deleterious effects of heat-stress on cellular polypeptides. To quickly respond to thermal stress and trigger the heat-shock response, bacteria rely on different mechanisms to detect temperature variations, which can involve nearly all classes of biological molecules. In <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> the response to heat-shock is transcriptionally controlled by a regulatory circuit involving two repressors, HspR and HrcA. In the present work we show that the heat-shock repressor HrcA acts as an intrinsic protein thermometer. We report that a temperature upshift up to 42 °C negatively affects HrcA DNA-binding activity to a target promoter, a condition required for de-repression of regulated genes. Furthermore, we show that this impairment of HrcA binding at 42 °C is irreversible in vitro, as DNA-binding was still not restored by reversing the incubation temperature to 37 °C. On the other hand, we demonstrate that the DNA-binding activity of HspR, which controls, in combination with HrcA, the transcription of chaperones' genes, is unaffected by heat-stress up to 45 °C, portraying this master repressor as a rather stable protein. Additionally, we show that HrcA binding activity is enhanced by the chaperonin GroE, upon direct protein-protein interaction. In conclusion, the results presented in this work establish HrcA as a novel example of intrinsic heat-sensing transcriptional regulator, whose DNA-binding activity is positively modulated by the GroE chaperonin.
ChemInform Abstract: DIMERIZATION OF POLYPHENYLALLENES. I. CHLOROPOLYPHENYLALLENES‐ MECHANISM OF THE ′RUBRENE′ REACTION (1977)

Abstract Von den Allenen (I) wird nur (Ia) durch Umsetzen von 1,3,3‐Triphenyl‐propin‐(1)‐ol‐(3) mit PCl 3 isoliert dargestellt (Ausbeute 80%).
FARMERS' EXPERIENCES WITH LOW-PRESSURE DRIP IRRIGATION FOR VEGETABLE PRODUCTION IN SOUTHEAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC (2011)

ISHS XXVIII International Horticultural Congress on Science and Horticulture for People (IHC2010): International Symposium on Horticulture for Development FARMERS' EXPERIENCES WITH LOW-PRESSURE DRIP IRRIGATION FOR VEGETABLE PRODUCTION IN SOUTHEAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC
Quasi-static analysis of a ferrofluid blob in a capillary tube (2012)

Ferrofluids have promising application potentials for biological, medical, subsurface, and many other industrial purposes. To bring the potentials to reality, it is of utmost importance to characterize the behavior of ferrofluids under different conditions, especially in the presence of more than one phase. In this study, the quasi-static behavior of a non-wetting incompressible and inviscid ferrofluid blob surrounded by a wetting non-magnetic fluid confined in a capillary tube is theoretically and computationally investigated when a uniform magnetic field is applied, assuming isothermal conditions. The effect of geometrical, hydrodynamic, and magnetic properties of the blob on its deformations when subject to a magnetic field is explained. Moreover, the effect of nonlinear magnetization on the ferrofluid blob evolution in the capillary tube is investigated in detail. In the case of a tube with constant circular cross-section, the behavior of the blob before the critical state of detachment is determined numerically, while the post-critical behavior is resolved analytically. To characterize the pre-critical blob deformations, the magnetic field distribution inside the blob for given external magnetic fields is calculated using a commercial finite element software and is employed to calculate the interfacial configuration from balances among magnetic, capillary, and hydrostatic forces. We show that increasing magnetic field intensity above a critical value causes the blob to detach from the tube wall under certain conditions and quantitatively characterize the critical magnetic field as well as blob configurations before and after detachment. Results show that there is a maximum blob length beyond which detachment does not occur, due to the nonlinear magnetization of the ferrofluid blob. This length depends on the relative magnitude of magnetic and capillary forces and also on the geometry of the confining capillary tube. Even if detachment occurs, the nonlinear magnetization prevents the blob from evolving infinitely after detachment. The conditions under which detachment may occur are analytically determined. The simulations confirm that, for sufficiently small magnetic fields, the linear approximate magnetization yields satisfactory results. However, with increasing magnetic field intensity, the deviation between the results with nonlinear magnetization and those with linear approximate magnetization increases significantly. In addition, this deviation is more pronounced for longer blobs. These findings emphasize the importance of incorporating the nonlinear magnetization for relatively large magnetic field intensities. Finally, in order to relax the simple confining geometry assumption, we show preliminary simulations using the level set method in complex solid geometries. The method was previously developed for capillarity and used for realistic rock geometries and now accounts for the magnetic pressures as well.
Synthesis of the mycolactone core by ring-closing metathesis (2006)

The undecenolide core of mycolactone was synthesized by ring-closing metathesis and the structure confirmed using single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques.
Surface orientation driven 3D rigid registration method (2012)

In this paper, we propose a new surface-based method to solve the rotation transformation of 3D rigid registration. Different from the criterion that minimize the sum of the squares of the errors between the corresponding parts of objects, here we estimate the spatial modalities of objects by their orientations. In details, Gauss map of surface is introduced to measure the distribution of surface curvature. To depict the characters of surface, we add sign weights to Gauss sphere according to the local total curvature. The stereographic projection is utilized to transform the spherical statistics to bifacial plane. As well, an optimization solution is done by iterated algorithm. We applied our proposed method on lung triangular surface registration. The experiments were completed by mutual information of block statistic.
Data from Gene Expression Profiling using Nanostring Digital RNA Counting to Identify Potential Target Antigens for Melanoma Immunotherapy (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; The success of immunotherapy for the treatment of metastatic cancer is contingent on the identification of appropriate target antigens. Potential targets must be expressed on tumors but show restricted expression on normal tissues. To maximize patient eligibility, ideal target antigens should be expressed on a high percentage of tumors within a histology and, potentially, in multiple different malignancies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Design:&lt;/b&gt; A Nanostring probeset was designed containing 97 genes, 72 of which are considered potential candidate genes for immunotherapy. Five established melanoma cell lines, 59 resected metastatic melanoma tumors, and 31 normal tissue samples were profiled and analyzed using Nanostring technology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Of the 72 potential target genes, 33 were overexpressed in more than 20% of studied melanoma tumor samples. Twenty of those genes were identified as differentially expressed between normal tissues and tumor samples by ANOVA analysis. Analysis of normal tissue gene expression identified seven genes with limited normal tissue expression that warrant further consideration as potential immunotherapy target antigens: &lt;i&gt;CSAG2, MAGEA3, MAGEC2, IL13RA2, PRAME, CSPG4&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;SOX10&lt;/i&gt;. These genes were highly overexpressed on a large percentage of the studied tumor samples, with expression in a limited number of normal tissue samples at much lower levels.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; The application of Nanostring RNA counting technology was used to directly quantitate the gene expression levels of multiple potential tumor antigens. Analysis of cell lines, 59 tumors, and normal tissues identified seven potential immunotherapy targets for the treatment of melanoma that could increase the number of patients potentially eligible for adoptive immunotherapy. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 19(18); 4941–50. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Dietary Flavonoids Luteolin and Quercetin Suppressed Cancer Stem Cell Properties and Metastatic Potential of Isolated Prostate Cancer Cells (2016)

A highly invasive Du145-III subline was isolated by three successive passages of the parental Du145 prostate tumor cell line (Du145-P) through a Boyden chamber with matrigel-coated membrane support. Du145-III cells showed great invasion potential based on their increased ability to spread/migrate and enhanced expression/secretion of the matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). Du145-III cells exerted vasculogenic mimicry (VM) properties, reminiscent of endothelial cell characteristics and expressed elevated levels of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers, including Nanog, Sox2, CD44 and ABCG2 and ability to self-renew. Of prominence, MMP9 was required for the induction of VM and for increased stemness in Du145-III cells. Using Du145-III as a model, the effects of dietary flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, were evaluated on stemness and invasion capacity of Du145-III cells in relation to JNK signaling pathway activation. These flavonoids depressed the malignancy of highly invasive Du145-III cells, VM, anchorage-independent spheroid formation and expression of certain CSC markers. Since luteolin and quercetin were able to target CSC cells and prevent cancer cell invasiveness, may serve as potential anti-angiogenesis and anti-metastasis agents.
Scientific Insights Into Modified and Non-Modified Biomaterials for Sorption of Heavy Metals From Water (2017)

Adsorption techniques are widely used for the removal of various classes of pollutants from water due to their mild and facile operating conditions. The operations involved in the adsorption techniques are environmentally friendly, economical, highly selective on pollutants, highly efficient and easily operative. However, the adsorption of heavy metals from water using biomaterials (biosorption) is a relatively new and interesting technique which holds a great potential. Its effectiveness in lowering the heavy metals concentration to sub-ppb levels is appealing and has attracted increasing attention. The technique is believed to replace the existing technologies in the near future. This chapter discusses the prospects of biomaterials in the removal of heavy metals from waste water, the modification techniques that can enhance biosorption efficiency, and the factors influencing the biosorption processes.
The Fermi-Dirac staircase occupation of Floquet bands and current rectification inside the optical gap of metals: a rigorous perspective (2023)

We consider a model of a Bloch band subjected to an oscillating electric field and coupled to a featureless fermionic heat bath, which can be solved exactly. We demonstrate rigorously that in the limit of vanishing coupling to this bath (so that it acts as an ideal thermodynamic bath) the occupation of the Floquet band is not a simple Fermi-Dirac distribution function of the Floquet energy, but instead it becomes a ``staircase'' version of this distribution. We show that this distribution generically leads to a finite rectified electric current within the optical gap of a metal even in the limit of vanishing carrier relaxation rates, providing a rigorous demonstration that such rectification is generically possible and clarifying previous statements in the optoelectronics literature. We show that this current remains non-zero even up to the leading perturbative second order in the amplitude of electric fields, and that it approaches the standard perturbative expression of the Jerk current obtained from a simpler Boltzmann description within a relaxation time approximation when the frequencies are small compared to the bandwidth.
Plasma jet acceleration of dust particles to hypervelocities (2008)

A convenient method to accelerate simultaneously hundreds of micron-size dust particles to a few km/s over a distance of about 1m is based on plasma drag. Plasma jets which can deliver sufficient momentum to the dust particles need to have speeds of at least several tens of km/s, densities of the order of 1022m−3 or higher, and low temperature ∼1eV, in order to prevent dust destruction. An experimental demonstration of dust particles acceleration to hypervelocities by plasma produced in a coaxial gun is presented here. The plasma flow speed is deduced from photodiode signals while the plasma density is measured by streaked spectroscopy. As a result of the interaction with the plasma jet, the dust grains are also heated to high temperatures and emit visible light. A hypervelocity dust shower is imaged in situ with a high speed video camera at some distance from the coaxial gun, where light emission from the plasma flow is less intense. The bright traces of the flying microparticles are used to infer their speed and acceleration by employing the time-of-flight technique. A simple model for plasma drag which accounts for ion collection on the grain surface gives predictions for dust accelerations which are in good agreement with the experimental observations.
Structure and variability of recently inserted Alu family members (1991)

Nucleic Acids Research, 18, pp. 6793-6798 (1990)The publishers wish to apologize for an error which occurred during printing of the above article. Figure 1 appeared with an incorrect figure legend. The correct figure and legend are published below. © 1991 Oxford University Press.
Biochemical and genetic analysis of a maltopentaose‐producing amylase from an alkaliphilic Gram‐positive bacterium (1990)

Two amylases have been purified from the culture fluid of an alkaliphilic bacterium. Amylase A-60 consists of a single type of polypeptide chain of 60 kDa and exhibits an alpha-amylase-type of starch cleavage. Amylase A-180 is approximately 180 kDa in size, represents the largest exoenzyme so far identified in prokaryotes and in the initial enzyme reaction cleaves starch exclusively to maltopentaose. A-60 and A-180 are immunologically unrelated enzymes. The structural gene for amylase A-180 has been cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. An open reading frame was identified for a putative protein of 182 kDa whose amino-terminal sequence, deduced from the nucleotide sequence, was identical in 23 out of 25 positions to that determined for the protein. The amino-terminus of the mature protein, at the gene level, is preceded by a sequence segment showing all the characteristics of a signal peptide from Gram-positive bacteria. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that the 70-kDa N-terminal part is similar to classical alpha-amylases. The C-terminal part contains three repeated sequence blocks of 99 amino acid residues each which are also present in two bacterial beta-amylases. It appears, therefore, that A-180 has arisen by gene fusion events.
Einleitung (1995)

Weiterbildung bzw. Qualifizierung als Thema sozialwissenschaftlicher Forschung hat Konjunktur, daran besteht angesichts der großen Zahl von Veröffentlichungen zu diesem Bereich kein Zweifel. Die sich verändernden Qualifikationsanforderungen durch computergestützte Technologien und neue Arbeitsorganisationsformen und die Diffusionshemmnisse durch einen nicht als ausreichend angesehenen Kenntnisstand der Mitarbeiter rücken den Bereich der Qualifizierung in den Mittelpunkt des Interesses der Diskussion um Technik und Arbeit. Besonderes Gewicht kommt dabei auch der Prognose über die langfristige Entwicklung der Qualifikationsstruktur und den Stellenwert qualifizierter Facharbeit zu.