gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The structure characterization of dinucleoside and nucleoside glucopyranosides lipophilic phosphotriesters by fast-atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry (1999)

Rules for the gas-phase fragmentation mechanism of the negative ions of lipophilic phosphotriester molecules of biological interest have been established by fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. The mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy spectra of the [M − H]− of dinucleoside (1–4) and nucleoside glucopyranoside (5–9) phosphotriesters show that in the absence of charges on the phosphate bridge, the availability of acidic protons on the 5′-end nucleobase drives a preferred reaction path which leads to 5′-O-nucleotide or 6-O-glucopyranoside monophosphate anions.
A Clear, Strong, and Thermally Insulated Transparent Wood for Energy Efficient Windows (2020)

Adv. Funct. Mater. 2020, 30, 1907511 In the initially published version of this article, Dr. Mohammad Heiderinjead, who was involved in the development of the original model used to calculate the building energy, was not listed as an author of the paper. The correct author list is shown as below: Ruiyu Mi, Tian Li, Daniel Dalgo, Chaoji Chen, Yudi Kuang, Shuaiming He, Xinpeng Zhao, Mohammad Heidarinejad, Weiqi Xie, Wentao Gan, Junyong Zhu, Jelena Srebric, Ronggui Yang, and Liangbing Hu The authors apologize for any inconvenience or misunderstanding that this error might have caused.
Relationship Between Fetal Pulmonary Maturity Assessment and Neonatal Outcome in Premature Rupture of the Membranes at 32-34 Weeks' Gestation (2001)

The absence of fetal pulmonary maturity in patients with preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) is often considered an indication for conservative management. The purpose of this study was to examine the value of biochemical pulmonary maturity assessment for the prediction of neonatal outcome in patients with PPROM between 32 and 34 weeks' gestation. Pregnancies complicated by PPROM at 32 to 34 weeks' gestation that delivered from January 1995 to May 2000 and had biochemical pulmonary maturity assessment were reviewed. Patients with medical disorders, multiple gestations, fetal growth restriction or structural anomalies, or evidence of intra-amniotic infection were excluded. Neonatal outcome measures were compared between patients with mature and immature pulmonary indices. During this time period, 244 patients with PPROM at 32-34 weeks' gestation were delivered; 78 patients met inclusion criteria (n = 41 patients with mature indices and n = 37 patients with immature indices). There were no cases of perinatal death or sepsis. There was no difference in major neonatal morbidities including need for mechanical ventilation, grade 2 or 3 necrotizing enterocolitis, grade 3 or 4 intraventricular hemorrhage, or seizures. After controlling for confounding factors including gestational age at PPROM and delivery, latency period, group B streptococcus (GBS) vaginal colonization, corticosteroid therapy, neonatal sex, mode of delivery, fetal indications for delivery, and umbilical cord pH, biochemical pulmonary maturity was not predictive of major neonatal morbidity. In our population, biochemical pulmonary maturity status does not appear to be predictive of neonatal morbidity in pregnancies complicated by PPROM at 32-34 weeks' gestation.
A robust adaptive hybrid force/position control scheme of two planar manipulators handling an unknown object interacting with an environment (2011)

This paper presents a robust hybrid force/position control scheme of two cooperative manipulators handling an unknown object interacting with an unknown environment. The uncertainty of the object is considered in the weight, length, and the position of centre of mass (COM). The environment is assumed to have an unknown but high stiffness. A hybrid force/position control algorithm is designed for the known system and environment case. The exponential convergence of the position and the interaction force with the environment is proved using the Lyapunov direct method. Similarly, in the unknown object and environment case, and in the presence of bounded disturbances on the robots and the object, an adaptive sliding mode hybrid force/position control scheme is designed. The asymptotic convergence of the object’s position and the constraint force is guaranteed using the proposed control methodology. The internal forces and moments between the object and robots are controlled independently of the object’s motion and environmental interaction forces. Simulation results confirm the performance and effectiveness of the suggested control methodologies.
Applications of Game Theory in Cloud Networking (2019)

This chapter first introduces the basic concept of the cloud computing and cloud networking. A general cloud network architecture is presented and follows by the specific cloud systems, i.e., cloud data center networking, mobile cloud networking, and edge computing. Then, the chapter presents a survey on the game theoretic and auction models developed and applied to solve issues in cloud networking. Such issues include bandwidth reservation and allocation, request allocation, wireless bandwidth allocation, resource management in edge computing, and bandwidth allocation in software defined networking for cloud computing. The chapter then presents a cooperative game model for mobile cloud resource management in which the full formulation, algorithms, and performance evaluation are included. Finally, the chapter investigates how to provide efficient insurance in cloud computing market.
Structures and Agonist Binding Sites of Bitter Taste Receptor TAS2R5 Complexed with Gi Protein and Validated against Experiment (2021)

Bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) function in taste perception, but are also expressed in many extraoral tissues, presenting attractive therapeutic targets. TAS2R5s expressed on human airway smooth muscle cells can induce bronchodilation for treating asthma and other obstructive diseases. But TAS2R5s display low agonist affinity and the lack of a 3D structure has hindered efforts to design more active ligands. We report the structure of the activated TAS2R5 coupled to the Gi protein and bound to each of 19 agonists, using computational approaches. These agonists bind to two polar residues in TM3 that are unique for TAS2R5 among 25 TAS2R subtypes. Our predicted results correlate well with experimental results of agonist-receptor signaling coefficients, providing validation of the predicted structure. These results provide highly specific data on how agonists activate TAS2R5, how modifications of ligand structure alter receptor activation, and a guide to structure-based drug design.
Spectral Efficiency Optimized Adaptive Transmission for Interfering Cognitive Radios (2009)

In this paper, we consider a primary and a cognitive user transmitting over a wireless fading interference channel. The primary user transmits with a constant power and utilizes an adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) scheme satisfying a bit error rate requirement. We propose a link adaptation scheme to maximize the average spectral efficiency of the cognitive radio, while a minimum required spectral efficiency for the primary user is provisioned. The resulting problem is constrained to also satisfy a bit error rate requirement and a power constraint for the cognitive link. The AMC mode selection and power control at the cognitive transmitter is optimized based on the scaled signal to noise plus interference ratio feedback of both links. The problem is then cast as a nonlinear discrete optimization problem for which a fast and efficient suboptimum solution is presented. We also present a scheme with rate adaption and a constant power. An important characteristic of the proposed schemes is that no negotiation between the users is required. Comparisons with underlay and interweave approaches to cognitive radio with adaptive transmission demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed solutions.
Thermal reorganizations of 1,2:3,4-dibenzotropilidene (5H-dibenzo[a,c]cycloheptene), 7,7'-bi(1,2:3,4-dibenzotropyl) [5,5'-bi(5H-dibenzo[a,c]cycloheptenyl)], and the 1,2:3,4-dibenzotropyl (dibenzo[a,c]cycloheptenyl) free radical (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal reorganizations of 1,2:3,4-dibenzotropilidene (5H-dibenzo[a,c]cycloheptene), 7,7'-bi(1,2:3,4-dibenzotropyl) [5,5'-bi(5H-dibenzo[a,c]cycloheptenyl)], and the 1,2:3,4-dibenzotropyl (dibenzo[a,c]cycloheptenyl) free radicalMartin Pomerantz, Nissanke L. Dassanayake, Timothy R. McManus, and Charles H. ReynoldsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 21, 4029–4032Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1984https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00195a032Request reuse permissionsArticle Views323Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (499 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of Highly Crystalline CdSe@ZnO Nanocrystals via Monolayer-by-Monolayer Epitaxial Shell Deposition (2014)

In principle, nanometer thick, metal oxide shells provide a robust passivation layer that can minimize chemical and photochemical corrosion of semiconductor nanocrystals. Here, formation of single crystal, wurtzite ZnO shells by thermal decomposition of zinc acetylacetonoate is demonstrated. As an example, a simple, one-pot protocol for the preparation of CdSe@ZnO core–shell nanocrystals is presented. The CdSe photoluminescence quantum yield increases 6-fold from 1.4% to 8.6%, while the lifetime increases from 8.7 to 60 ns upon deposition of the ZnO shell and peaks for 5 monolayers of ZnO. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals the core–shell particles to be single crystals with the wurtzite structure. The polydipsersity is maintained at less than σ < 5% for deposition of up to four monolayers of ZnO.
Increased apoptosis in bone marrow B lymphocytes but not T lymphocytes in myelodysplastic syndrome (2003)

The hallmark of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is enhanced apoptosis in myeloid, erythroid, and megakaryocytic cells in the bone marrow leading to ineffective hematopoiesis. Recent studies suggested that immunological and microenvironmental factors play a role in the pathophysiology of this disease. We report a significant increase in apoptosis in bone marrow B lymphocytes in MDS as compared to that found in acute myeloid leukemia and healthy controls. Furthermore, we demonstrate that patients with refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-T) had apoptosis levels in lymphocytes similar to those seen in other subtypes of MDS. Our findings suggest that the alterations in B lymphocytes in the form of increased apoptosis can be seen in MDS and support the concept that immune modulation plays a role in the pathophysiology of MDS.
Preparation of microencapsulated liposomes (1988)

Liposomal microcapsules were prepared by encapsulating a liposome suspension in a nylon wall formed by the interfacial polymerization technique. The resulting microcapsules were washed in ether to remove the chloroform and cyclohexane. Residual ether was removed by rinsing with distilled water prior to resuspending the microcapsules in aqueous medium. The encapsulation efficiency of the microcapsules toward liposomes was dependent on the lipid composition of the liposomes. The liposomal nylon microcapsules possess sustained release properties when compared with the simple nylon microcapsules.
Improvement in quality of life with buprenorphine in opioid dependence (2019)

Background: The excessive opioid abuse leads to impaired quality of life (QOL) in opioid abusers. The data on the effect of opioid substitution therapy (OST) on the QOL of opioid dependent are lacking from India. 

Aims and Objectives: This study aims to check the effect of OST on QOL of opioid abuser in Gurgaon for 6-month follow-up. 

Materials and Methods: A total of 202 patients with opioid dependent were taken for the study from a deaddiction center in Gurgaon. They received sublingual buprenorphine as oral substitution therapy and were assessed with Opioid Treatment Index (OTI) and Severity of Dependence Scale, at baseline, 1 month, 3rd month, and 6th month. Patients were also assessed with the World Health Organization QOL (WHOQOL) scale (Hindi version) at baseline, 3rd month, and 6th month to assess the improvement in QOL. 

Results: The significant improvement has been seen in OTI in opioid abuser 1 month onward and with regard to the WHOQOL-BREF scale scores, statistically significant P value has found for domain 2 (psychological) and domain 3 (social relationship) at 3rd and 6 months in heroin abuser. 

Conclusion: Improvement in QOL was seen with buprenorphine in patients of opioid dependence in Gurgaon.
FPGA-based implementation of a real-time timing measuring device (2013)

The design and implementation of a frequency meter that operates in real-time is presented. It has been implemented in a low cost FPGA device, concretely, in a SPARTAN-3AN700. The measuring device is configurable in resolution time and in maximum measurable period. The main characteristics of the frequency meter are a minimum resolution time of 2.60 ns and a minimum measurable period of four times the resolution time.
Islet-specific Prmt5 excision leads to reduced insulin expression and glucose intolerance in mice (2019)

Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), a symmetric arginine methyltransferase, regulates cell functions by influencing gene transcription through posttranslational modification of histones and non-histone proteins. PRMT5 interacts with multiple partners including menin, which controls beta cell homeostasis. However, the role of Prmt5 in pancreatic islets, particularly in beta cells, remains unclear. A mouse model with an islet-specific knockout (KO) of the Prmt5 gene was generated, and the influence of the Prmt5 excision on beta cells was investigated via morphologic and functional studies. Beta cell function was evaluated by glucose tolerance test (GTT) and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) test. Beta cell proliferation was evaluated by immunostaining. Gene expression change was determined by real-time qPCR. Molecular mechanisms were investigated in beta cells in vitro and in vivo in Prmt5 KO mice. The results show that islet-specific KO of Prmt5 reduced expression of the insulin gene and impaired glucose tolerance and GSIS in vivo. The mechanistic study indicated that PRMT5 is involved in the regulation of insulin gene transcription, likely via histone methylation-related chromatin remodeling. The reduced expression of insulin in beta cells in the Prmt5 KO mice may contribute to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and deficient GSIS in the mouse model. These results will provide new insights into exploring novel strategies to treat diabetes caused by insulin insufficiency.
All-optical, silicon based, fiber optic modulator using a near cutoff region (1989)

We demonstrate, using molecular beam epitaxy and chemical vapour deposition grown silicon thin films, an all-optical modulator for single-mode guided light at 1.32 μm. A control beam of above band-gap light is used to generate electron–hole pairs via inter-band absorption and the resultant lowering of the effective refractive index brings the waveguide to cutoff thus limiting throughput. Near 100% modulation is obtained with less than 150 pJ energies with subnanosecond initiation and recovery times. The operation is stable and is polarization and wavelength independent in a three port geometry suitable for use as a logic gate. To reduce the total energy required to bring the waveguide to cutoff, the effects of using a small, already near cutoff and leaky region at the interaction region is investigated here. Preliminary measurements on a graded index, leaky mode, chemical vapour deposition sample resulted in a reduction by a factor of five or better in drive energy. By keeping the leaky region short, the losses can be kept to negligible values. Results in time resolved imaging of the guided mode are also presented along with the necessary design considerations for performance compatible with presently available communication solid state laser sources.
Sequential Catalytic Asymmetric Heck—Iminium Ion Cyclization: Enantioselective Total Synthesis of the Strychnos Alkaloid Minfiensine. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Volume component analysis for classification of LiDAR data (2015)

One of the most difficult challenges of working with LiDAR data is the large amount of data points that are produced. Analysing these large data sets is an extremely time consuming process. For this reason, automatic perception of LiDAR scenes is a growing area of research. Currently, most LiDAR feature extraction relies on geometrical features specific to the point cloud of interest. These geometrical features are scene-specific, and often rely on the scale and orientation of the object for classification. This paper proposes a robust method for reduced dimensionality feature extraction of 3D objects using a volume component analysis (VCA) approach.1 This VCA approach is based on principal component analysis (PCA). PCA is a method of reduced feature extraction that computes a covariance matrix from the original input vector. The eigenvectors corresponding to the largest eigenvalues of the covariance matrix are used to describe an image. Block-based PCA is an adapted method for feature extraction in facial images because PCA, when performed in local areas of the image, can extract more significant features than can be extracted when the entire image is considered. The image space is split into several of these blocks, and PCA is computed individually for each block. This VCA proposes that a LiDAR point cloud can be represented as a series of voxels whose values correspond to the point density within that relative location. From this voxelized space, block-based PCA is used to analyze sections of the space where the sections, when combined, will represent features of the entire 3-D object. These features are then used as the input to a support vector machine which is trained to identify four classes of objects, vegetation, vehicles, buildings and barriers with an overall accuracy of 93.8%
Die Wirkung eines Hochleistungslasers auf den vorderen und hinteren Bulbusabschnitt* (1981)

The Microruptor I is a new, Q-switched, pulsed laser instrument which can be used to disintegrate pigmented, nonpigmented, hard, soft, transparent and nontransparent structures within the anterior and posterior segments of the eye.
Direct measurement of spin dependent mean free paths in metals (abstract) (1994)

We describe results obtained using a new spin valve structure that is specifically designed to measure the spin up and spin down mean free paths in ferromagnetic metals. We report how these mean free paths can be measured more directly and with greater accuracy than previous methods, which were based mostly on indirect evidence from magnetoresistance in ternary alloys. The technique is based on the ‘‘backed’’ spin valve layered structure: substrate/seed/80 Å FeMn/50 Å NiFe/23 Å Cu/20 Å NiFe/t Å b/50 Å Ta where the back layer of material b with thickness t is probed by the rest of the structure, which forms a spin polarized conduction electron source. As t is varied the majority carrier mean free path λ+b in the layer b is obtained directly from the form taken by the change in film conductance between parallel and antiparallel magnetization states, ΔG, whose solution of the Boltzmann transport equation shows is well approximated by the form ΔG=ΔG0+ΔGb{1−exp([t−tx]/βλ+b)}, where ΔG0 arises from the 20 Å NiFe layer, tx is the high resistivity region of intermixing at the b layer interfaces, and β≂1 from observations with b=Cu. The minority carrier mean free path in a ferromagnetic layer b, λb, is obtained by comparing ΔG and λ+b with ΔG′, and λb′+, of a nonmagnetic b′ layer of similar resistivity to b; it is a less direct measurement than that of λ+ since it relies on the connection between conductivity and mean free path for the minority subband. We have obtained room temperature results for Ni80Fe20 (λ+=46±3 Å, 0&amp;lt;λ&amp;lt;6 Å), Fe (λ+=15±2 Å, λ=21±5 Å), and Co (λ+=55±4 Å, 0&amp;lt;λ&amp;lt;8 Å). The connection of spin dependent conductivity and mean free paths in ferromagnetic metals is crucial in exploring the mechanism of giant magnetoresistance and, more broadly, is central in all theories of transport in magnetic metals; this new technique should prove a powerful tool in measuring these fundamental quantities.
Nanoporous Immunoprotective Device for Stem-Cell-Derived β-Cell Replacement Therapy (2017)

Encapsulation of human embryonic stem-cell-differentiated beta cell clusters (hES-βC) holds great promise for cell replacement therapy for the treatment of diabetics without the need for chronic systemic immune suppression. Here, we demonstrate a nanoporous immunoprotective polymer thin film cell encapsulation device that can exclude immune molecules while allowing exchange of oxygen and nutrients necessary for in vitro and in vivo stem cell viability and function. Biocompatibility studies show the device promotes neovascular formation with limited foreign body response in vivo. The device also successfully prevented teratoma escape into the peritoneal cavity of mice. Long-term animal studies demonstrate evidence of engraftment, viability, and function of cells encapsulated in the device after 6 months. Finally, in vivo study confirms that the device was able to effectively immuno-isolate cells from the host immune system.
Flexible/Bendable Acoustofluidics Based on Thin-Film Surface Acoustic Waves on Thin Aluminum Sheets (2021)

In this paper, we explore the acoustofluidic performance of zinc oxide (ZnO) thin-film surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices fabricated on flexible and bendable thin aluminum (Al) foils/sheets with thicknesses from 50 to 1500 μm. Directional transport of fluids along these flexible/bendable surfaces offers potential applications for the next generation of microfluidic systems, wearable biosensors and soft robotic control. Theoretical calculations indicate that bending under strain levels up to 3000 με causes a small frequency shift and amplitude change (<0.3%) without degrading the acoustofluidic performance. Through systematic investigation of the effects of the Al sheet thickness on the microfluidic actuation performance for the bent devices, we identify the optimum thickness range to both maintain efficient microfluidic actuation and enable significant deformation of the substrate, providing a guide to design such devices. Finally, we demonstrate efficient liquid transportation across a wide range of substrate geometries including inclined, curved, vertical, inverted, and lateral positioned surfaces using a 200 μm thick Al sheet SAW device.