gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Columnar Self‐Assembly of Electron‐Deficient Dendronized Bay‐Annulated Perylene Bisimides (2017)

Three new heteroatom bay-annulated perylene bisimides (PBIs) have been synthesized by microwave-assisted synthesis in excellent yield. N-annulated and S-annulated perylene bisimides exhibited columnar hexagonal phase, whereas Se-annulated perylene bisimide exhibited low temperature columnar oblique phase in addition to the high temperature columnar hexagonal phase. The cup shaped bay-annulated PBIs pack into columns with enhanced intermolecular interactions. In comparison to PBI, these molecules exhibited lower melting and clearing temperature, with good solubility. A small red shift in the absorption was seen in the case of N-annulated PBI, whereas S- and Se-annulated PBIs exhibited blue-shifted absorption spectra. Bay-annulation increased the HOMO and LUMO levels of the N-annulated perylene bisimide, whereas a slight increase in the LUMO level and a decrease in the HOMO levels were observed in the case of S- and Se-annulated perylene bisimides, in comparison to the simple perylene bisimide. The band gaps of PBI and PBI-N were almost same, whereas an increase in the band gaps were observed in the case of S- and Se-annulated PBIs. The tendency to freeze in the ordered glassy columnar phase for PBI-N and PBI-S will help to overcome the charge traps due to crystallization, which are detrimental to one-dimensional charge carrier mobility. These solution processable electron deficient columnar semiconductors possessing good thermal stability may form an easily accessible promising class of n-type materials.
Evaluation of synthetic fabrics as artificial skin grafts to experimental burn wounds (1969)

Abstract After utilizing the nylon velour Silastic and polypeptide laminates in this experimental pilot study, we can conclude the following: Both nylon velour Silastic and polypeptide laminates are well tolerated in the clean wound and serve as a satisfactory framework into which fibroblastic proliferation can occur resulting in adherence or take. In contaminated wounds, infection resulted in exudation with an accumulation of fluid at the interface of granulation tissue and velour. The exudate, not resorbed and unable to transcend the laminate barrier completely, serves as a nidus of progressive bacterial growth and causes separation and rejection of this synthetic fabric cover. The fluid accumulation appeared more common utilizing the Silastic laminate, while the polypeptide laminate appeared to permit an escape of this exudate to inhibit or delay the separation. The Silastic laminated velour became firm and inflexible, predisposing with motion, to a mechanical type of separation at the margin of fabric and normal skin, possibly a contributing factor in exogeneous infection. This was seen also with the polypeptide laminate, but to a much lesser degree. The nylon velour Silastic laminate as it is presently constructed is not acceptable as a synthetic skin cover for an infected burn wound, while the polypeptide laminated velour appears to possess physical properties which make it suitable for further investigation as an artificial skin substitute.
Interleukin 6 (IL-6) Deficiency Delays Lupus Nephritis in MRL-FaslprMice: The IL-6 Pathway as a New Therapeutic Target in Treatment of Autoimmune Kidney Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (2009)

IL-6 is a strong promoter of lupus nephritis and may be a promising new therapeutic target in the treatment of human lupus nephritis.
Co-Design of Deep Neural Nets and Neural Net Accelerators for Embedded Vision Applications (2018)

Deep Learning is arguably the most rapidly evolving research area in recent years. As a result it is not surprising that the design of state-of-the-art deep neural net models proceeds without much consideration of the latest hardware targets, and the design of neural net accelerators proceeds without much consideration of the characteristics of the latest deep neural net models. Nevertheless, in this paper we show that there are significant improvements available if deep neural net models and neural net accelerators are co-designed.
Graphic user interface modelling and testing automation (2011)

I, Xuebing Yang, declare that the PhD thesis entitled Graphic User Interface Modelling and Testing Automation is no more than 100,000 words in length including quotes and exclusive of tables, figures, appendices, bibliography, references and footnotes. This thesis contains no material that has been submitted previously, in whole or in part, for the award of any other academic degree or diploma. Except where otherwise indicated, this thesis is my own work.
Serum interleukin-6 levels are elevated in women with minimal–mild endometriosis (2006)

IL-6 is a reliable non-invasive marker of MM endometriosis, whereas Ca-125 is of use as a marker of severe cases.
Clinical Features to Predict the Use of a sEMG Wearable Device (REMO®) for Hand Motor Training of Stroke Patients: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study (2023)

After stroke, upper limb motor impairment is one of the most common consequences that compromises the level of the autonomy of patients. In a neurorehabilitation setting, the implementation of wearable sensors provides new possibilities for enhancing hand motor recovery. In our study, we tested an innovative wearable (REMO<sup>®</sup>) that detected the residual surface-electromyography of forearm muscles to control a rehabilitative PC interface. The aim of this study was to define the clinical features of stroke survivors able to perform ten, five, or no hand movements for rehabilitation training. 117 stroke patients were tested: 65% of patients were able to control ten movements, 19% of patients could control nine to one movement, and 16% could control no movements. Results indicated that mild upper limb motor impairment (Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity ≥ 18 points) predicted the control of ten movements and no flexor carpi muscle spasticity predicted the control of five movements. Finally, severe impairment of upper limb motor function (Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity > 10 points) combined with no pain and no restrictions of upper limb joints predicted the control of at least one movement. In conclusion, the residual motor function, pain and joints restriction, and spasticity at the upper limb are the most important clinical features to use for a wearable REMO<sup>®</sup> for hand rehabilitation training.
Tunable infracavity Raman laser pumped by alexandrite laser radiation (1985)

Raman intracavity lasers offer a convenient and efficient way of frequency shifting the output of tunable solid-state lasers to new spectral regions. High quantum conversion efficiency and pulse compression and cleanup make these techniques attractive for high-power application.1 Our system used a tunable alexandrite laser radiation as the pump; the experimental apparatus is shown in Fig. 1. A 8.3- X 102-mm alexandrite rod was used as the pump laser gain medium. The alexandrite laser cavity (1.6-m length) was made with two mirrors M1 and M3 having high reflectivity over the laser's tuning range (700-800 nm). The Raman laser cavity was defined by mirrors M2 and M3. The M2 mirror served as a high reflector and had high transmission for the alexandrite laser beam. The Raman laser output coupler M3 had low reflectivity, ~15%, thus yielding a short lifetime for S1 photons in the Raman cavity but providing sufficient feedback for the high-gain Raman medium to oscillate.
Fixation Prediction for 360° Video Streaming in Head-Mounted Virtual Reality (2017)

We study the problem of predicting the Field-of-Views (FoVs) of viewers watching 360° videos using commodity Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs). Existing solutions either use the viewer's current orientation to approximate the FoVs in the future, or extrapolate future FoVs using the historical orientations and dead-reckoning algorithms. In this paper, we develop fixation prediction networks that concurrently leverage sensor- and content-related features to predict the viewer fixation in the future, which is quite different from the solutions in the literature. The sensor-related features include HMD orientations, while the content-related features include image saliency maps and motion maps. We build a 360° video streaming testbed to HMDs, and recruit twenty-five viewers to watch ten 360° videos. We then train and validate two design alternatives of our proposed networks, which allows us to identify the better-performing design with the optimal parameter settings. Trace-driven simulation results show the merits of our proposed fixation prediction networks compared to the existing solutions, including: (i) lower consumed bandwidth, (ii) shorter initial buffering time, and (iii) short running time.
WAVELET OPTIMIZED VALUATION OF FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES (2011)

We introduce a simple but efficient PDE method that makes use of interpolation wavelets for their advantages in compression and interpolation in order to define a sparse computational domain. It uses finite difference filters for approximate differentiation, which provide us with a simple and sparse stiffness matrix for the discrete system. Since the method only uses a nodal basis, the application of non-constant terms, boundary conditions and free-boundary conditions is straightforward. We give empirical results for financial products from the equity and fixed income markets in 1, 2 and 3 dimensions and show a speed-up factor between 2 and 4 with no significant reduction of precision.
Effect of Sulfhydryl Reagents on the Ribosomes of Bacillus subtilis (1971)

The effect of various sulfhydryl reagents on the ribosomes of Bacillus subtilis was studied. The 70S ribosomes were completely dissociated into 30S and 50S subunits by appropriate concentrations of p-chloromercuribenzoic acid (PCMB) and 5,5'-dithio-bis-(2-nitro-benzoic acid). The N-ethylmaleimide and iodoacetamide failed to dissociate the ribosomes even at relatively high concentrations. The rate of dissociation of ribosomes by PCMB varied with the concentration of ribosomes. A progressive decrease in the rate of dissociation was observed as the concentration of ribosomes in the reaction mixture was increased. The PCMB-induced ribosomal subunits were unable to reassociate into 70S monomers unless they were dialyzed against buffer containing beta-mercaptoethanol. On the average, four molecules of PCMB per 70S ribosome and two molecules of PCMB per each 30S and 50S subunit were bound. The number of PCMB molecules bound per ribosome did not change with increasing concentrations of PCMB, even though higher concentrations of PCMB resulted in dissociation of ribosomes into subunits.
Photocyanation of pyrene across an oil/water interface in a polymer microchannel chip (2002)

Photocyanation of pyrene (PyH) across an oil/water interface was explored by using two types of polymer microchannel chip. The chips (channel depth of 20 microm and width of 100 microm) were fabricated on the basis of photolithography and an imprinting method, with micromachined silicon templates being used for imprinting. As a typical example of the photoreaction, an aqueous NaCN solution and a propylene carbonate solution of PyH and 1,4-dicyanobenzene were brought separately into a Y-structured microchannel chip with the same flow velocity by pressure driven flow. Light irradiation onto the whole of the channel chip by a high-pressure Hg lamp resulted in formation of 1-cyanopyrene (PyCN), as confirmed by GC-MS analysis of the oil phase. The results demonstrated that the interfacial photochemical reaction of PyH proceeded successfully along the water/oil solution flow in the microchannel. Under optimum conditions by using a three-layer channel chip, absolute PyCN yields as high as 73% were attained with a reaction time of 210 s.
Development of DANDYs, New 3,5-Diaryl-7-azaindoles Demonstrating Potent DYRK1A Kinase Inhibitory Activity (2013)

A series of 3,5-diaryl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines were synthesized and evaluated for inhibition of DYRKIA kinase in vitro. Derivatives having hydroxy groups on the aryl moieties (2c, 2j-l) demonstrated high inhibitory potencies with Kis in the low nanomolar range. Their methoxy analogues were up to 100 times less active. Docking studies at the ATP binding site suggested that these compounds bind tightly to this site via a network of multiple H-bonds with the peptide backbone. None of the active compounds were cytotoxic to KB cells at 10(-6) M. Kinase profiling revealed that compound 2j showed 2-fold selectivity for DYRK1A with respect to DYRK2 and DYRK3.
Uncovering the Competences of Commonly Used Nutrient Media, Multi-primer Approach and Reference Databases in the Identification of Microalgae Diversity from Environmental Samples (2021)

Abstract Microalgae are highly diverse microorganisms and have a variety of benefits and use across different fields. On the other hand, their overgrowth can be extremely dangerous to our environment, thus, making it particularly important to continuously manage and track their abundance and diversity to oversee any potential of extinction or overgrowth. The vast diversity of microalgae imposes the challenge of their identification through the most common and economical identification method, morphological identification, and the more recent molecular-level identification tools. To enhance the identification of microalgae, we targeted enrichment of total microalgae diversity present in an environmental sample using four different enrichment media (BG-11, BBM, Modified media (MM), and half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium (MS)). Morphological identification of the enriched microalgae diversity was conducted every 4-days to monitor the population dynamics. After 14-day the DNA was extracted from the enriched population for molecular-level identification using 16S rRNA gene regions V1-V3 and V4-V5 and 18 rRNA gene V4 region. To further enhance microalgae identification through molecular-level identification, we evaluated three reference databases (SILVA, Greengenes, and Protist Ribosomal Reference (PR 2 )) to reveal their competence in microalgae diversity identification. A total of 38 microalgae were identified morphologically to the genus level, and the highest number of microalgae were identified through MM media (36), followed by BG-11 and BBM, 31 and 26, respectively. While sequencing the three-primer sets using the three databases, 87 microalgae were identified to the genus level. The highest diversity was identified using the MM media (71 genera) followed by BG-11 (69 genera), BBM (67 genera). Our multiple-media, primer, and reference database approach enabled us to identify a high microalgae diversity that would have been missed if a single approach was used over the other.
The Reactions of Salicylamide to Orthoesters. (1958)

サリチルアミドとオルトギ酸エチルとを熱しサリチル酸エチルイソホルムアミド (V) を得, これをキシレン中塩化水素の存在で熱しN-ホルミルサリチルアミド (VI) を得た。サリチルアミドとオルト酢酸エチルとからはキシレン中塩化水素の存在で熱して2-メチル-4H, 1, 3-ベンゾオキサジン-4-オン (I, R=CH3) を得た。
The effect of mouthrinses and topical application of chlorhexidine on the development of dental plaque and gingivitis in man (1970)

Twenty‐four male dental students with healthy gingivae and clean teeth ceased all oral hygiene procedures. (A) Four subjects rinsed, twice daily, with a 0.2 per cent solution of chlorhexidine gluconate; (B) eight students rinsed, once daily, with the same solution; (C) six students did not rinse and formed the control group and (D) six students received one daily application of a 2 per cent solution of chlorhexidine gluconate. The study confirmed previous observations (Löe and Rindom Schiött 1969, 1970) that two daily mouth rinses with a 0.2 per cent solution of chlorhexidine effectively prevent plaque formation. One daily rinse did not inhibit plaque formation in all areas of the dentition. One daily topical application of a 2 per cent solution of chlorhexidine gluconate prevented plaque formation completely. Upon discontinuation of the chlorhexidine treatment plaque formed at normal rates, suggesting that there is no appreciable effect beyond a 24 hour period. It is concluded that complete inhibition of plaque and prevention of gingivitis may be achieved by daily application of chlorhexidine, provided the agent is administered in such a way that it reaches all tooth surfaces.
Rested and Restless Bandits With Constrained Arms and Hidden States: Applications in Social Networks and 5G Networks (2018)

The problem of rested and restless multi-armed bandits with constrained availability (RMAB-CA) of arms is considered. The states of arms evolve in Markovian manner and the exact states are hidden from the decision maker. First, some structural results on value functions are claimed. Following these results, the optimal policy turns out to be a threshold policy. Furthermore, indexability is established for both rested and restless RMAB-CAs. An index formula is derived for the rested model, while an algorithm is provided for restless case.
Integrating Budgeting Models into Scheduling and Planning Models for the Chemical Batch Industry (2003)

This paper addresses scheduling and planning with financial management in the batch chemical process industries. A cash flow and budgeting model is coupled with an advanced scheduling and planning procedure for a specific multipurpose batch specialty chemical plant. To motivate the use of an integrated model, a sequential scheme is first solved. Hence, the scheduling and planning problem of the batch specialty chemical plant is optimized in order to fulfill the due date policy. Then, a deterministic cash management model is optimized to maximize the enterprise earnings, using the cash flows of the scheduling−planning model as parameters. As a result, owing to the fulfillment of customer requirements, the solvency of the firm changes, and hence, the funding policy is affected. The results of the sequential approach are then compared with the integrated model highlighting the advantage of the latter option. Here, production scheduling−planning and cash management are optimized in unison with a common objective of maximizing earnings. The model development made in this paper and the results suggest that a new conceptual approach in enterprise management systems consisting of the integration of the enterprise finance models with the company operations models is a must to improve the firm's reliability and its overall earnings.
Protective Immunity against SARS Subunit Vaccine Candidates Based on Spike Protein: Lessons for Coronavirus Vaccine Development (2020)

The recent outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease, COVID-19, has highlighted the threat that highly pathogenic coronaviruses have on global health security and the imminent need to design an effective vaccine for prevention purposes. Although several attempts have been made to develop vaccines against human coronavirus infections since the emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2003, there is no available licensed vaccine yet. A better understanding of previous coronavirus vaccine studies may help to design a vaccine for the newly emerged virus, SARS-CoV-2, that may also cover other pathogenic coronaviruses as a potentially universal vaccine. In general, coronavirus spike protein is the major antigen for the vaccine design as it can induce neutralizing antibodies and protective immunity. By considering the high genetic similarity between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, here, protective immunity against SARS-CoV spike subunit vaccine candidates in animal models has been reviewed to gain advances that can facilitate coronavirus vaccine development in the near future.
Effect of SSRIs on Resting-State Functional Brain Networks in Adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder (2021)

Investigation of brain changes in functional connectivity and functional network topology from receiving 8-week selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatments is conducted in 12 unmedicated adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) by using wavelet-filtered resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Changes are observed in frontal-limbic, temporal, and default mode networks. In particular, topological analysis shows, at the global scale and in the 0.12-0.25 Hz band, that the normalized clustering coefficient and smallworldness of brain networks decreased after treatment. Regional changes in clustering coefficient and efficiency were observed in the bilateral caudal middle frontal gyrus, rostral middle frontal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, left pars triangularis, putamen, and right superior frontal gyrus. Furthermore, changes of nodal centrality and changes of connectivity associated with these frontal and temporal regions confirm the global topological alternations. Moreover, frequency dependence is observed from FDR-controlled subnetworks for the limbic-cortical connectivity change. In the high-frequency band, the altered connections involve mostly frontal regions, while the altered connections in the low-frequency bands spread to parietal and temporal areas. Due to the limitation of small sample sizes and lack of placebo control, these preliminary findings require confirmation with future work using larger samples. Confirmation of biomarkers associated with treatment could suggest potential avenues for clinical applications such as tracking treatment response and neurobiologically informed treatment optimization.
Syntheses of Heterocyclic Compounds of Nitrogen. LXV (1952)

Chloroacetylamino compounds were prepared by reacting chloroacetyl chloride on aminoquinolines, condensation of diethylamine to the former compounds furnishing eight derivatives possessing diethylaminoacetylamino group in the 5-, 6-, 7- and 8-positions of quinoline nucleus.
Microcompartment assembly around multicomponent fluid cargoes (2022)

This article describes dynamical simulations of the assembly of an icosahedral protein shell around a bicomponent fluid cargo. Our simulations are motivated by bacterial microcompartments, which are protein shells found in bacteria that assemble around a complex of enzymes and other components involved in certain metabolic processes. The simulations demonstrate that the relative interaction strengths among the different cargo species play a key role in determining the amount of each species that is encapsulated, their spatial organization, and the nature of the shell assembly pathways. However, the shell protein-shell protein and shell protein-cargo component interactions that help drive assembly and encapsulation also influence cargo composition within certain parameter regimes. These behaviors are governed by a combination of thermodynamic and kinetic effects. In addition to elucidating how natural microcompartments encapsulate multiple components involved within reaction cascades, these results have implications for efforts in synthetic biology to colocalize alternative sets of molecules within microcompartments to accelerate specific reactions. More broadly, the results suggest that coupling between self-assembly and multicomponent liquid-liquid phase separation may play a role in the organization of the cellular cytoplasm.
Experience with trace driven modeling (1976)

Trace-driven modeling is a technique for optimizing a computer system by simulation studies, in which the job load data required by the simulator is taken directly from the existing system. Its advantages are 1) a full statistical representation of the job load, 2) potentially more accurate, system-independent and relevant data, and 3) the possibility of wider-ranging simulation studies without the necessity of collecting more particular data. The variations of the trace-driven modeling technique that have occurred in practice are summarized. The above advantages of the technique and their limitations are then analyzed in the context of experience with it for the evaluation of a class of scheduling algorithms for an interactive system on the CDC 6400. Results of simulations showing the effects of interdependence of resource demand parameters are presented.