gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Learning Dual Retrieval Module for Semi-supervised Relation Extraction (2019)

Relation extraction is an important task in structuring content of text data, and becomes especially challenging when learning with weak supervision-where only a limited number of labeled sentences are given and a large number of unlabeled sentences are available. Most existing work exploits unlabeled data based on the ideas of self-training (i.e., bootstrapping a model) and self-ensembling (e.g., ensembling multiple model variants). However, these methods either suffer from the issue of semantic drift, or do not fully capture the problem characteristics of relation extraction. In this paper, we leverage a key insight that retrieving sentences expressing a relation is a dual task of predicting the relation label for a given sentence-two tasks are complementary to each other and can be optimized jointly for mutual enhancement. To model this intuition, we propose DualRE, a principled framework that introduces a retrieval module which is jointly trained with the original relation prediction module. In this way, high-quality samples selected by the retrieval module from unlabeled data can be used to improve the prediction module, and vice versa. Experimental results1 on two public datasets as well as case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the DualRE approach.
Mechanical Analysis of Soundproof Plate with Function of Wind Load Reduction and Experimental Verification Using a Full-scale Prototype (2013)

In order to install extra-high soundproof plates on existing soundproof walls while avoiding drastic viaduct reinforcement work, a new type of soundproof plate system was developed called SSRW (soundproofing system equipped with a mechanism of reducing wind load). These plates not only provide effective soundproofing they can also deflect wind load exerted on them maintaining the safety of the viaduct in strong wind conditions. Plate movement is controlled by magnetic attractive force, and the magnetic attractive force around the soundproof plates was calculated by magnetic field analysis. Wind tunnel tests were performed using full-scale prototype of the SSRW and measurements were made of its soundproofing performance to verify the reported mechanism and properties.
Using the hybrid modulating properties of liquid crystal television (1991)

The phase modulating capabilities of a commercially available liquid crystal television (LCTV) have been investigated and applied to the joint transform optical correlator architecture. Operating the LCTV in a phase modulating mode requires a much smaller coherent light source while still producing a good joint transform power spectrum and good correlation signals.
Synthesis and Refunctionalization of Hexahydro-naphthalenone Systems (2004)

Cis- and trans-hexahydronaphthalenones 8 and 9 were readily obtained by Diels-Alder addition and epimerization. Highly stereoselective reduction of 9 furnished the alcohol 10, which could be converted to the epimeric alcohol 11 by Mitsunobu inversion. The propionate 13 derived from 11 failed to undergo a Claisen re­arrangement.
Micromirror array nanostructures for anticounterfeiting applications (2004)

The optical characteristics of pixellated passive micro mirror arrays are derived and applied in the context of their use as reflective optically variable device (OVD) nanostructures for the protection of documents from counterfeiting. The traditional design variables of foil based diffractive OVDs are shown to be able to be mapped to a corresponding set of design parameters for reflective optical micro mirror array (OMMA) devices. The greatly increased depth characteristics of micro mirror array OVDs provides an opportunity for directly printing the OVD microstructure onto the security document in-line with the normal printing process. The micro mirror array OVD architecture therefore eliminates the need for hot stamping foil as the carrier of the OVD information, thereby reducing costs. The origination of micro mirror array devices via a palette based data format and a combination electron beam lithography and photolithography techniques is discussed via an artwork example and experimental tests. Finally the application of the technology to the design of a generic class of devices which have the interesting property of allowing for both application and customer specific OVD image encoding and data encoding at the end user stage of production is described. Because of the end user nature of the image and data encoding process these devices are particularly well suited to ID document applications and for this reason we refer this new OVD concept as biometric OVD technology.
Cheroubikon in Hagia Sophia (2021)

In 2014, an international team of scholars measured the acoustical properties of eight churches in Thessaloniki. The recordings are part of an article in Hesperia that examines two of the tested churches, the Acheiropoietos basilica and the cathedral of Hagia Sophia in order to provide objective and phenomenological accounts of how sound — both chanted and spoken — was produced and received. Framing the soundscape of each church through an examination of its original shape, furnishings, decoration, liturgy, music, and acoustics raises new questions about ties between the two buildings and the streets that connected them. This study deepens the understanding of the archaeoacoustics of Thessaloniki’s early churches.
Acylative Dealkylation of N-tert-Butyl-3-substituted Azetidines:  Facile Access to [1.1.0]Azabicyclobutane, 3-Hydroxyazetidinium Hydrochloride, and 3-Azetidinones (1996)

A novel acylative dealkylation of N-tert-butylazetidines and its application to the facile high-yield syntheses of [1.1.0]azabicyclobutane, 3-hydroxyazetidinium hydrochloride, and 3-azetidinones is described.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC DEMONSTRATION OF LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE AND NADH DEHYDROGENASE (DIAPHORASE) IN PHAGOSOMES (1977)

The electron microscopic cytochemical localizations of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and NADH dehydrogenase (diaphorase, NADH-D) were studied in osteoclasts of developing chick bone and of mandibular condyle of newborn mice. These enzymes were also studied in trigeminal ganglion neurons of newborn mice. Both of these enzymes were observed in some mitochondria in all tissues, suggesting involvement in aerobic metabolism; their association with phagocytic vacuoles suggests involvement in anaerobic glycolysis, also. Lactic acid produced in lysosomes and phagosomes could enhance the activities of acid hydrolases in the digestion of extracellular and intracellular substances. An NADH-D isoenzyme with a relationship to anaerobic metabolism, like the LDH muscle isoenzyme, may be involved.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Increases in Absolute Lymphocytes and Circulating CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells Are Associated with Positive Clinical Outcome of Melanoma Patients Treated with Ipilimumab (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Increases of CD4+, CD8+ and CD3- cell counts according to changes in ALC and overall survival according to changes of CD4+, CD8+ and CD3- cell counts. Absolute lymphocyte counts (ALC). *Early defines changes between baseline (BL) and a second time-point, ranging from 2-8 weeks after start of ipilimumab. #Delayed defines changes between BL and a third time-point, ranging from 8-14 weeks after start of ipilimumab. The percentage of patients identified with an increase in absolute numbers of CD4+, CD8+ T cells or CD3- lymphocytes was defined within patients showing an early increase or decrease in ALC (A). Kaplan-Meier analysis of overall survival according to early and delayed changes (increase vs. decrease) of absolute CD4+ T cells (B, E), CD8+ T cells (C, F) and CD3- lymphocytes (D, G) observed during ipilimumab treatment. Censoring is indicated by vertical lines; p-values were calculated by log rank statistics.&lt;/p&gt;
An Investigation of Dose Rate and Source Dependent Effects in 200 GHz SiGe HBTs (2006)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> We present an investigation of the observed variations in the total dose tolerance of the emitter-base spacer and shallow trench isolation oxides in a commercial 200 GHz SiGe HBT technology. Proton, gamma, and X-ray irradiations at varying dose rates are found to produce drastically different degradation signatures at the various oxide interfaces. Extraction and analysis of the radiation-induced excess base current, as well as low-frequency noise, are used to probe the underlying physical mechanisms. Two-dimensional calibrated device simulations are employed to correlate the observed results to the spatial distributions of carrier recombination in forward- and inverse-mode operation for both pre- and post-irradiation levels. Possible explanations of our observations are offered and the implications for hardness assurance testing are discussed. </para>
Antitumor agents. 33. Isolation and structural elucidation of bruceoside -A and -B, novel antileukemic quassinoid glycosides, and brucein -D and -E from Brucea javanica (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntitumor agents. 33. Isolation and structural elucidation of bruceoside -A and -B, novel antileukemic quassinoid glycosides, and brucein -D and -E from Brucea javanicaKuo-Hsiung Lee, Yasuhiro Imakura, Yoshio Sumida, Rong-Yang Wu, Iris H. Hall, and Haun-Chang HuangCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 13, 2180–2185Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01327a031https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01327a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views394Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
pH control of guest selectivity by inclusion (2004)

The structures of the inclusion compounds formed by a diol host with aniline and benzylamine have different host ∶ guest ratios and topologies. Competition experiments show that guest selectivity is dramatically changed by pH control.
Bexmarilimab-induced macrophage activation leads to treatment benefit in solid tumors: the phase I/II first-in-human MATINS trial (2023)

Abstract Clever-1 expression in macrophages contributes to impaired antigen presentation and suppression of anti-tumor immunity. This first-in-human trial was designed to investigate the safety and tolerability of Clever-1 blockade in patients with treatment-refractory solid tumors and to assess preliminary anti- tumor efficacy, pharmacodynamics, and immunologic correlates. Bexmarilimab was well tolerated with no observed dose limiting toxicities in part I (n=30) and no additional safety signals in part II (n=108). Disease control (DC) rates of 25-40% were observed in cutaneous melanoma, gastric, hepatocellular, estrogen receptor positive breast, and biliary tract cancers, which associated with improved survival in a landmark analysis. High pre-treatment intra-tumoral Clever-1 staining and low circulating TNFα correlated with DC. Digital spatial profiling of DC and non-DC tumors with next generation sequencing showed bexmarilimab-induced macrophage activation and robust stimulation of IFNγ and T-cell receptor signaling selectively in DC patients. These data suggest that bexmarilimab therapy is well-tolerated and show that macrophage targeting can promote tumor control in late stage cancer. Highlights Targeting Clever-1 with bexmarilimab is well tolerated Disease control in late stage cancer can be achieved with bexmarilimab monotherapy Low baseline immune activation associates with bexmarilimab benefit Bexmarilimab converts intratumoral macrophages to support adaptive immune responses
A detailed kinetic study of Mox-1, a plasmid-encoded class C Î²-lactamase (2003)

Surveys of beta-lactamases in different parts of the world show an important increase in class C beta-lactamases, thus the study of these enzymes is becoming an important issue. We created an overproduction system for Mox-1, a plasmid class C beta-lactamase, by cloning the gene encoding this enzyme, and placing it under the control of a T7 promoter, using vector pET 28a. The enzyme, purified by ion exchange chromatography, was used to obtain the molecular mass (38246), the N-terminal sequence (GEASPVDPLRPVV), and pI (8.9), and to perform a detailed kinetic study. Cephalotin was used as reporter substrate in the case of poor substrates. The kinetic study showed that benzylpenicillin, cephalotin, cefcapene and moxalactam were good substrates for Mox-1 (k(cat)/K(m) values >2.5 x 10(6) M(-1) s(-1)). On the other hand, ceftazidime and cefepime were poor substrates for this enzyme (K(m) values >200 microM). Clavulanic acid had no inhibitory effect on Mox-1 (K(m)=30.2 mM), however aztreonam behaved as an inhibitor of Mox-1 (K(i)=2.85 microM).
Energy-Efficient Single-Stage Nitrite Shunt Denitrification with Saline Sewage through Concise Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Supply: Process Performance and Microbial Communities (2020)

Single-stage nitrite shunt denitrification (through nitrite rather than nitrate) with low dissolved oxygen (DO) supply is a better alternative in terms of energy-efficiency, short-footprint, and low C/N-ratio requirement. This study investigates the optimal DO level with temperature effect, with saline sewage at the fixed hydraulic and solids retention times of 8 h and 8 d, respectively. Moreover, 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis corresponding with total nitrogen (TN) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removals in each operating condition were performed. Results showed that DO of 0.3 mg/L at 20 °C achieved over 60.7% and over 97.9% of TN and COD removal, respectively, suggesting that such condition achieved effective nitrite-oxidizing bacteria inhibition and efficient denitrification. An unexpected finding was that sulfur-reducing <i>Haematobacter</i> and nitrogen-fixing <i>Geofilum</i> and <i>Shinella</i> were highly abundant with the copredominance of ammonia-oxidizing <i>Comamonas</i> and <i>Nitrosomonas</i>, nitrite-oxidizing <i>Limnohabitans</i>, and denitrifying <i>Simplicispira</i>, <i>Castellaniella,</i> and <i>Nitratireductor</i>. Further, canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) with respect to the operating conditions associated with phenotype prediction via R-based tool Tax4Fun was performed for a preliminary diagnosis of microbial functionality. The effects of DO, temperature, nitrite, and nitrate in various extents toward each predominant microbe were discussed. Collectively, DO is likely pivotal in single-stage nitrite shunt denitrification, as well as microbial communities, for energy-efficient saline sewage treatment.
Confidence estimation method for regression neural networks (2021)

Abstract Numerous confidence estimation methods have been proposed for classification neural networks; however, this problem has not been well addressed for regression neural networks. That is, softmax layers are not available in regression networks and the interpretation of confidence becomes less clear. To alleviate these problems, a simple but effective method is proposed that computes the confidences of regression results. First, the confidence is considered as a scalar value representing relative error‐levels. Then, a mini‐batch based training method based on this interpretation is developed. Precisely, in each mini‐batch, desired outputs for confidence values are assigned by sorting current errors. Experimental results on the loose wheel nut detection problem as well as a simulated example have shown that the proposed method can be successfully applied to regression problems.
A Novel Multicast Algorithm for Collaborative Multimedia Applications in Heterogeneous Networks (2012)

Abstract In this paper, we study the problem of QoS group communication in a heterogeneous network, which consists of multiple MANETs attached to the backbone Internet. We propose a heuristic multicast algorithm called MCMA (Multi-Constrained Multicast Algorithm). MCMA is designed for solving the DVBMT (Delay-and delay Variation-Bounded Multicast Tree) problem, which has been proved to be NP-complete. The literature studies are limited to end-to-end delay bound and delay variation minimization. In this paper, we improve and extend previous well known from literature heterogeneous network algorithms to provide scalable and stable multicast services on the Internet by introducing a new Delay–Variation Estimation Scheme for heterogeneous networks. This Scheme helps the MCMA algorithm achieve better performance in terms of the multicast delay variation than some well-known algorithms. The algorithm defines QoS parameters as constraints on both delay and delay variation. Theoretical analysis is given to show the correctness of MCMA and its performance in terms of the multicast delay variation.
H and D curves of screen–film systems: factors affecting their dependence on x‐ray energy (1979)

The sensitometric properties of radiographic screen–film systems are investigated with regard to their dependence on x‐ray energy. Sensitometric measurements and a heuristic model for density formation are used to show that variation in the relative amount of light emitted by front and back screens may be the most important factor influencing the change in system H and D curves with x‐ray energy.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: From Unjustified Nihilism to Evidence-based Optimism (2006)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been associated with a nihilistic attitude. On the basis of current evidence, this nihilistic attitude is totally unjustified. The disease must be viewed through the lens of a new paradigm: one that accepts COPD as not only a pulmonary disease but also as one with important measurable systemic consequences. COPD is not only preventable but also treatable. Smoking cessation, oxygen for hypoxemic patients, lung reduction surgery for selected patients with emphysema, and noninvasive ventilation during severe exacerbations have all been shown to impact on mortality. In addition, pulmonary rehabilitation, pharmacologic therapy, and lung transplantation improve patient-centered outcomes such as health-related quality of life, dyspnea, exercise capacity, and even exacerbations and hospitalizations. Caregivers should familiarize themselves with the multiple complementary forms of treatment and individualize therapy to the particular situation of each patient. The future for patients with this disease is bright as its pathogenesis and clinical and phenotypic manifestations are unraveled. The advent of newer and more effective therapies will lead to a decline in the contribution of this disease to poor world health.
Association of entorhinal cortical tau deposition and hippocampal synaptic density in older individuals with normal cognition and early Alzheimer's disease (2021)

Sites of early neuropathologic change provide important clues regarding the initial clinical features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We have shown significant reductions in hippocampal synaptic density in participants with AD, consistent with the early degeneration of entorhinal cortical (ERC) cells that project to hippocampus via the perforant path. In this study, [<sup>11</sup>C]UCB-J binding to synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) and [<sup>18</sup>F]flortaucipir binding to tau were measured via PET in 10 participants with AD (5 mild cognitive impairment, 5 mild dementia) and 10 cognitively normal participants. In the overall sample, ERC tau was inversely associated with hippocampal synaptic density (r = -0.59, p = 0.009). After correction for partial volume effects, the association of ERC tau with hippocampal synaptic density was stronger in the overall sample (r = -0.61, p = 0.007) and in the AD group where the effect size was large, but not statistically significant (r = -0.58, p = 0.06). This inverse association of ERC tau and hippocampal synaptic density may reflect synaptic failure due to tau pathology in ERC neurons projecting to the hippocampus.
Impaired clearance of sunitinib leads to metabolic disorders and hepatotoxicity (2019)

These studies identified significant alterations in mitochondrial β-FAO and bile acid homeostasis. Activation of PPARα and inhibition of xenobiotic metabolism may be of value in attenuating sunitinib hepatotoxicity.
[Proteolysis of the extracellular matrix in periodontal disease]. (1990)

Maintenance of teeth in the alveolar ridges requires integrity of the tooth-gingiva attachment. The strength of this connection is due in part to the presence of collagen and fibronectin. The purpose of this study was to investigate factors capable of altering these two components. In both gingival explant culture extracts and fractions from bacteria associated with periodontal disease, enzyme activities against type I collagen and fibronectin were found.
Non-line-of-sight imaging using a time-gated single photon avalanche diode (2015)

By using time-of-flight information encoded in multiply scattered light, it is possible to reconstruct images of objects hidden from the camera’s direct line of sight. Here, we present a non-line-of-sight imaging system that uses a single-pixel, single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) to collect time-of-flight information. Compared to earlier systems, this modification provides significant improvements in terms of power requirements, form factor, cost, and reconstruction time, while maintaining a comparable time resolution. The potential for further size and cost reduction of this technology make this system a good base for developing a practical system that can be used in real world applications.