gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lack of clinically relevant correlation between subjective and objective cognitive function in ICU survivors: a prospective 12-month follow-up study (2019)

We found no clinically relevant correlation between subjective and objective cognitive function in this cohort of ICU survivors, while subjective cognitive function correlated significantly with psychological symptoms throughout the follow-up period. Treatment and evaluation of ICU survivors' recovery need to consider both subjective and objective aspects of cognitive impairment, and subjective reports must be interpreted with caution as an indicator of objective cognitive function.
Noninvasive Diagnosis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Quantification of Liver Fat with Radiofrequency Ultrasound Data Using One-dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks (2020)

Background Radiofrequency ultrasound data from the liver contain rich information about liver microstructure and composition. Deep learning might exploit such information to assess nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Purpose To develop and evaluate deep learning algorithms that use radiofrequency data for NAFLD assessment, with MRI-derived proton density fat fraction (PDFF) as the reference. Materials and Methods A HIPAA-compliant secondary analysis of a single-center prospective study was performed for adult participants with NAFLD and control participants without liver disease. Participants in the parent study were recruited between February 2012 and March 2014 and underwent same-day US and MRI of the liver. Participants were randomly divided into an equal number of training and test groups. The training group was used to develop two algorithms via cross-validation: a classifier to diagnose NAFLD (MRI PDFF ≥ 5%) and a fat fraction estimator to predict MRI PDFF. Both algorithms used one-dimensional convolutional neural networks. The test group was used to evaluate the classifier for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy and to evaluate the estimator for correlation, bias, limits of agreements, and linearity between predicted fat fraction and MRI PDFF. Results A total of 204 participants were analyzed, 140 had NAFLD (mean age, 52 years ± 14 [standard deviation]; 82 women) and 64 were control participants (mean age, 46 years ± 21; 42 women). In the test group, the classifier provided 96% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 90%, 99%) (98 of 102) accuracy for NAFLD diagnosis (sensitivity, 97% [95% CI: 90%, 100%], 68 of 70; specificity, 94% [95% CI: 79%, 99%], 30 of 32; positive predictive value, 97% [95% CI: 90%, 99%], 68 of 70; negative predictive value, 94% [95% CI: 79%, 98%], 30 of 32). The estimator-predicted fat fraction correlated with MRI PDFF (Pearson <i>r</i> = 0.85). The mean bias was 0.8% (<i>P</i> = .08), and 95% limits of agreement were -7.6% to 9.1%. The predicted fat fraction was linear with an MRI PDFF of 18% or less (<i>r</i> = 0.89, slope = 1.1, intercept = 1.3) and nonlinear with an MRI PDFF greater than 18%. Conclusion Deep learning algorithms using radiofrequency ultrasound data are accurate for diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatic fat fraction quantification when other causes of steatosis are excluded. © RSNA, 2020 <i>Online supplemental material is available for this article.</i> See also the editorial by Lockhart and Smith in this issue.
Molecular Dynamics in Drug Design: New Generations of Compstatin Analogs (2012)

We report the computational and rational design of new generations of potential peptide-based inhibitors of the complement protein C3 from the compstatin family. The binding efficacy of the peptides is tested by extensive molecular dynamics-based structural and physicochemical analysis, using 32 atomic detail trajectories in explicit water for 22 peptides bound to human, rat or mouse target protein C3, with a total of 257 ns. The criteria for the new design are: (i) optimization for C3 affinity and for the balance between hydrophobicity and polarity to improve solubility compared to known compstatin analogs; and (ii) development of dual specificity, human-rat/mouse C3 inhibitors, which could be used in animal disease models. Three of the new analogs are analyzed in more detail as they possess strong and novel binding characteristics and are promising candidates for further optimization. This work paves the way for the development of an improved therapeutic for age-related macular degeneration, and other complement system-mediated diseases, compared to known compstatin variants.
Optimization of Pattern Matching Circuits for Regular Expression on FPGA (2007)

Regular expressions are widely used in the network intrusion detection system (NIDS) to represent attack patterns. Previously, many hardware architectures have been proposed to accelerate regular expression matching using field-programmable gate array (FPGA) because FPGAs allow updating of new attack patterns. Because of the increasing number of attacks, we need to accommodate a large number of regular expressions on FPGAs. Although the minimization of logic equations has been studied intensively in the area of computer-aided design (CAD), the minimization of multiple regular expressions has been largely neglected. This paper presents a novel sharing architecture allowing our algorithm to extract and share common subregular expressions. Experimental results show that our sharing scheme significantly reduces the area of pattern matching circuits for regular expression.
Strong dependence of cubic ice formation on droplet ammonium to sulfate ratio (2007)

We show that the phase of ice that crystallizes in solution droplets, under conditions relevant for the upper troposphere (UT) and tropopause region (typically &gt;188 K), is strongly dependent on the ammonium to sulfate ratio (ASR) of the solute. Droplets of aqueous (NH 4 ) 3 H(SO 4 ) 2 (ASR = 1.5) freeze dominantly to cubic ice over a range of temperatures relevant for the UT and tropopause; whereas aqueous NH 4 HSO 4 (ASR = 1.0) droplets do not freeze dominantly to ice I c at temperatures relevant for the UT and tropopause region. We also show that the amount of cubic ice formed in the aqueous solution droplets at temperatures below 200 K is independent of droplet size, whereas a size dependence was observed at higher temperatures. The implications of these results for the phase of ice that forms in upper tropospheric ice clouds and the potential impact on climate, water vapor, and ozone are briefly discussed.
Fabrication of lateral-type thin-film edge field emitters by focused ion beam technique (1995)

Lateral-type, thin-film, edge field emitters have been fabricated with a focused ion beam (FIB) technique. A metal thin film deposited on the thermally oxidized silicon wafer was cut by a 20 keV gallium ion beam with a diameter of 1–2 μm to produce an emitter-collector gap. One of the advantages of the present procedure is such that the edge of the emitter could be sharpened owing to the current density distribution of the FIB. Another advantage is precise controllability of the emitter-gate gap. Nickel, chromium, and platinum emitters were fabricated. It was found that the chromium emitters exhibited superior properties as compared with the other materials. Electron emission characteristics were also investigated for the single emitters and for the arrayed emitters made of chromium. By adding an external collector, the device showed triode characteristics.
A radiopaque polymer hydrogel used as a fiducial marker in gynecologic-cancer patients receiving brachytherapy (2020)

We assessed a novel Food and Drug Administration–approved hydrogel, synthesized as absorbable iodinated particles, in gynecologic-cancer patients undergoing computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) based brachytherapy after external beam radiation.
Synthesis and evaluation of β-cyclodextrin-functionalized hydrophobically associating polyacrylamide (2016)

Modified β-cyclodextrin and <italic>N</italic>-phenethyl-methacrylamide were utilized to react with acrylamide and acrylic acid to synthesize hydrophobically associating polyacrylamide (HMPAM) <italic>via</italic> photoinitiated free-radical micellar copolymerization.
ChemInform Abstract: HYDROLYSIS OF PYRRYL‐1‐BORATES (1973)

Abstract Die Kinetik der IHÜIOnen‐katalysierten Hydrolyse der Pyrrolyl‐Borate Na[BPhn Pyl4 ‐11] (Ph = Phenyl, Pyl = Pyrrolyl, n = O ‐ 3) wird untersucht.
Rodolfo Fierro: el "otro" Centauro del Norte (Historia, literatura y mito) (2010)

La figura mítica del Centauro ha sido atribuida por los historiadores a Francisco Villa, sin embargo, la literatura ha mostrado un interés especial por Rodolfo Fierro. En los cuentos La fiesta de las balas de Martín Luis Guzmán y Oro, caballo y hombre de Rafael F. Muñoz, Rodolfo Fierro transita de la historia a la literatura y, de aquí, al mito por medio de la figura mítica del jinete de la llanura. La estética y lo patético de la figura del hombre sobre una bestia, y lo artístico a la hora de cometer un crimen máximo, lo hacen merecer, en el ámbito de la literatura y el mito, el nombre de el otro Centauro del Norte.
Microstructural Evolution in Adiabatic Shear Localization in Stainless Steel (2002)

Shear bands were generated under prescribed and controlled conditions in stainless steel (Fe‐18%Cr‐8%Ni). Hat‐shaped specimens, deformed in a Hopkinson bar were used, yielding strain rates of approximately 104s−1 and shear strains that could be varied between 1 and 100. Specimens recovered from the collapse of thick‐walled cylinders were also investigated. Microstructural characterization was performed by electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) with orientation imaging microscopy(OIM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The shear‐band thickness was approximately 8 μm. This low‐stacking fault energy alloy deforms, at the imposed strain rates (outside of the shear band), by planar dislocations and stacking fault packets, twinning, and occasional martensitic phase transformations at twin‐twin intersections. EBSD reveals gradual lattice rotations of the grains approaching the core of the band. A [110] fiber texture (with the [110] direction perpendicular to both shear direction and shear plane normal) develops both within the shear band and in the adjacent grains. The formation of this texture, under an imposed global simple shear, suggests that rotations take place concurrently with the shearing deformation. This can be explained by compatibility requirements between neighboring deforming regions. EBSD could not reveal the deformation features at large strains because their scale was below the resolution of this technique. Transmission electron microscopy reveals a number of features that are interpreted in terms of the mechanisms of deformation and recovery/recrystallization postulated. They include the observation of grains with sizes in the nanocrystalline domain. The microstructural changes are described by an evolutionary model, leading from the initial grain size of 15 μm to the final submicronic (sub)grain size. Calculations are performed on the rotations of grain boundaries by grain‐boundary diffusion, which is 3 orders of magnitude higher than bulk diffusion at the deformation temperatures. They indicate that the microstructural reorganization can take place within the deformation times of a few milliseconds.
Lesion identification using unified segmentation-normalisation models and fuzzy clustering (2008)

In this paper, we propose a new automated procedure for lesion identification from single images based on the detection of outlier voxels. We demonstrate the utility of this procedure using artificial and real lesions. The scheme rests on two innovations: First, we augment the generative model used for combined segmentation and normalization of images, with an empirical prior for an atypical tissue class, which can be optimised iteratively. Second, we adopt a fuzzy clustering procedure to identify outlier voxels in normalised gray and white matter segments. These two advances suppress misclassification of voxels and restrict lesion identification to gray/white matter lesions respectively. Our analyses show a high sensitivity for detecting and delineating brain lesions with different sizes, locations, and textures. Our approach has important implications for the generation of lesion overlap maps of a given population and the assessment of lesion-deficit mappings. From a clinical perspective, our method should help to compute the total volume of lesion or to trace precisely lesion boundaries that might be pertinent for surgical or diagnostic purposes.
Exploring the Effects of Seated Whole Body Vibration Exposure on Repetitive Asymmetric Lifting Tasks (2014)

This study investigated changes in the physiological and behavioral responses to repetitive asymmetric lifting activity after exposure to whole body vibrations. Seventeen healthy volunteers repeatedly lifted a box (15% of lifter's capacity) positioned in front of them at ankle level to a location on their left side at waist level at the rate of 10 lifts/min for a period of 60 minutes. Prior to lifting, participants were seated on a vibrating platform for 60 minutes; in one of the two sessions the platform did not vibrate. Overall, the physiological responses assessed using near-infrared spectroscopy signals for the erector spinae muscles decreased significantly over time during the seating and the lifting tasks (p < 0.001). During repetitive asymmetric lifting, behavioral changes included increases in peak forward bending motion, twisting movement, and three-dimensional movement velocities of the spine. The lateral bending movement of the spine and the duration of each lift decreased significantly over the 60 minutes of repetitive lifting. With exposure to whole body vibration, participants twisted farther (p = 0.046) and twisted faster (p = 0.025). These behavioral changes would suggest an increase in back injury risk when repetitive lifting tasks are preceded by whole body vibration exposure.
An update on emerging drugs for asthma (2012)

It is becoming apparent that significant clinical effects with anti-cytokine-based therapies are more likely in carefully selected patient populations that take asthma phenotypes into account. It might also be more clinically effective if more than one cytokine and/or chemokine were to be targeted rather than a single mediator.
Betahistine: what's new on the agenda? (2008)

The unique pharmacologic properties of betahistine point to its potential future use as an antiobesity agent.
Quantitative industrial ecology (1998)

The base of the engineering sciences must be expanded to the realm of industrial ecosystems, in which discrete technologies are characterized as design and innovation parameters in organized networks of economic production and consumption processes. The objective of industrial ecosystem design and innovation is to deploy resources with minimal risk to the integrity of natural processes of the biosphere. Industrial and natural ecosystems and their interactions can be characterized by hierarchies of bounded networks of biotic and abiotic resource acquisition, conversion and transfer processes. The ecology of each resource conversion process within a bounded network of processes is characterized in terms of the principles of material and energy balance. Design equations are developed that map the ecologies of bounded networks of ecological processes into the ecology of the network at its boundary, thereby providing operational procedures for mathematically defining hierarchical network structures. At the lowest level of ecological organization, all constituent network processes are observable first-order natural processes or engineered technologies. The economics of a given industrial enterprise are evaluated as an explicit mathematical function of its network of production technologies, its ecological organization and its ecological boundary prices, thereby providing procedures for the coordinated design, management and accounting of its technological, ecological and economic dimensions. Sustainable industrialization is achievable through online, risk-control pricing mechanisms.
A Glycan Array‐Based Assay for the Identification and Characterization of Plant Glycosyltransferases (2020)

Abstract Growing plants with modified cell wall compositions is a promising strategy to improve resistance to pathogens, increase biomass digestibility, and tune other important properties. In order to alter biomass architecture, a detailed knowledge of cell wall structure and biosynthesis is a prerequisite. We report here a glycan array‐based assay for the high‐throughput identification and characterization of plant cell wall biosynthetic glycosyltransferases (GTs). We demonstrate that different heterologously expressed galactosyl‐, fucosyl‐, and xylosyltransferases can transfer azido‐functionalized sugar nucleotide donors to selected synthetic plant cell wall oligosaccharides on the array and that the transferred monosaccharides can be visualized “on chip” by a 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction with an alkynyl‐modified dye. The opportunity to simultaneously screen thousands of combinations of putative GTs, nucleotide sugar donors, and oligosaccharide acceptors will dramatically accelerate plant cell wall biosynthesis research.
Small Amplitude, Phase Locked Response in Oscillatory Networks with Delays (2007)

The global dynamics of an artificial neural network composed by oscillators with delays is investigated. Using center manifold reduction and normal form theory, the equation governing the whole network dynamics is reduced to an amplitude-phase model (i.e. a set of coupled differential equations describing the evolution of both the amplitudes and the phases of the oscillators). The analysis of a network with a simple architecture reveals that different kind of phase locked oscillations is admissible, and the possible coexistence of in-phase and anti-phase locked solutions.
Endogenous PGE2 contributes to antigen-induced contractions of guinea pig trachea (2011)

We have previously shown that PGE2 via EP1 receptors maintains basal tone of guinea pig trachea (GPT). Our aim was to assess if antagonism of PGE2 also affected antigen-induced contractions.

Isometric responses to administration of ovalbumin (OVA) were recorded in GPT from guinea pigs sensitized to OVA and expressed as% of the maximal contraction to histamine 100μM. Before challenge with OVA, the selective EP1 (ONO-8130; 10nM) antagonist was given to naive preparations as well as together with different combinations of inhibitors and antagonists of histamine (mepyramine and metiamide), leukotrienes (zileuton) and prostaonids (indomethacin).

As shown previously, inhibition of one or two mediator classes, generally had no significant effects, whereas triple mediator antagonism (antihistamines+zileuton+indomethacin) abolished the response to OVA challenge. However, EP1 antagonism partly reduced the antigen contraction. Moreover, when the EP1 antagonist was given together with antihistamines and zileuton, the response to OVA was abolished (Table 1).

View this table:

Table 1. Contraction (% max) to highest OVA dose





Effect of indomethacin together with antihistamines and anti-leukotrienes confirms that prostanoids mediate part of the antigen-induced contraction. The new finding is that EP1 antagonism mimics the effect of indomethacin. This suggests that PGE2 is the main prostanoid mediating the antigen-induced contractions of GPT, a preparation that is known to respond similarly to human airways where the effects of PGE2 still await complete delineation.
The In-Situ Dressing of CMP Pad Conditioners with Novel Coating Protection (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Effects of ion association upon the solubilities of the cyclooctatetraene dianion (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffects of ion association upon the solubilities of the cyclooctatetraene dianionCheryl D. StevensonCheryl D. StevensonMore by Cheryl D. Stevenson and Ignacio OcasioIgnacio OcasioMore by Ignacio OcasioCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1975, 79, 14, 1387–1390Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100581a011https://doi.org/10.1021/j100581a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views67Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Dopachrome tautomerase variants in patients with oculocutaneous albinism (2020)

ABSTRACT Purpose Albinism is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous condition. Despite analysis of the nineteen known genes, ∼30% patients remain unsolved. We aimed to identify new genes involved in albinism. Methods We sequenced a panel of genes with known or predicted involvement in melanogenesis in 230 unsolved albinism patients. Results We identified variants in the Dopachrome tautomerase ( DCT ) gene in two patients. One was compound heterozygous for a 14 bp deletion in exon 9 and c.118T&gt;A p.(Cys40Ser). The second was homozygous for c.183C&gt;G p.(Cys61Trp). Both patients had mild hair and skin hypopigmentation, and classical ocular features. CRISPR/Cas9 was used in C57BL/6J mice to create mutations identical to the missense mutations carried by the patients, along with one loss-of-function indel mutation. When bred to homozygosity the three mutations revealed hypopigmentation of the coat, milder for Cys40Ser compared to Cys61Trp or the frameshift mutation. Histological analysis identified significant hypopigmentation of the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) indicating that defective RPE melanogenesis could be associated with eye and vision defects. DCT loss of function in zebrafish embryos elicited hypopigmentation both in melanocytes and RPE cells. Conclusions DCT is the gene for a new type of oculocutaneous albinism that we propose to name OCA8.
Vision and Touch: Multiple or Multisensory Representations of Objects? (2007)

The relationship between visually and haptically derived representations of objects is an important question in multisensory processing and, increasingly, in mental representation. We review evidence for the format and properties of these representations, and address possible theoretical models. We explore the relevance of visual imagery processes and highlight areas for further research, including the neglected question of asymmetric performance in the visuo-haptic cross-modal memory paradigm. We conclude that the weight of evidence suggests the existence of a multisensory representation, spatial in format, and flexibly accessible by both bottom-up and top-down inputs, although efficient comparison between modality-specific representations cannot entirely be ruled out.