gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spatial Correlation and Breast Cancer Risk (2019)

Abstract We present a novel method for evaluating the spatial correlation structure in two-dimensional (2D) mammograms and evaluate its merits for risk prediction. Two matched case-control studies were analyzed. Study 1 included women (N = 588 pairs) with mammograms acquired with either Hologic Selenia full field digital mammography (FFDM) units or Hologic Dimensions digital breast tomosynthesis units. Study 2 included women (N =180 pairs) with mammograms acquired with a General Electric Senographe 2000D FFDM unit. Matching variables included age, HRT usage/duration, screening history, and mammography unit. The local autocorrelation function was determined with Fourier analysis and compared with template defined as 2D double-sided exponential function with one spatial extent parameter: n = 4, 12, 24, 50, 74, 100, and 124 defined in pixel widths. The difference between local correlation and template was gauged within a kernel with an adjustable parameter and summarized, producing two measures: the mean (m n+1 ), and standard (s n+1 ). Both adjustable parameters were varied in Study 1. Select measures that produced significant associations with breast cancer were translated to Study 2. Breast cancer associations were evaluated with conditional logistic regression, adjusted for body mass index and ethnicity. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated as per standard increment with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Two measures were selected for breast cancer association analysis in Study 1: m 75 and s 25 . Both measures revealed significant associations with breast cancer: OR = 1.45 (1.23, 1.66) for m 75 and OR = 1.30 (1.14, 1.49) for s 25 . When translating to Study 2, these measures also revealed significant associations: OR = 1.49 (1.12, 1.96) for m 75 and OR = 1.34 (1.06, 1.69) for s 25 . Novel correlation metrics presented in this work revealed significant associations with breast cancer risk. This approach is general and may have applications beyond mammography.
Is it time to retire the use of intrauterine glass balls for estrus suppression in mares? (2015)

JAVMA, Vol 247, No. 4, August 15, 2015 T ancient medical maxim primum non nocere (first, do no harm) comes to mind when reflecting on the more than 10 years that veterinarians have been using intrauterine glass balls (ie, marbles) for estrus suppression in mares. Although these devices were initially thought to be innocuous, a spate of recent reports has documented the potential for deleterious reproductive consequences associated with their use. In light of these reports, rethinking the use of these devices seems prudent, particularly because they are intended to address a behavioral issue (ie, the real or perceived adverse effects of estrus on performance activities such as showing and racing) rather than a disease condition. Glass balls are inserted into the uterine lumen in an effort to prolong functioning of the CL and allow for continued secretion of progesterone, which suppresses estrous behavior naturally. In nonpregnant mares, the CL secretes progesterone for approximately two weeks after ovulation (ie, the duration of diestrus) and then stops functioning when the endometrium secretes prostaglandin F 2α, causing luteolysis. As a result, serum progesterone concentration falls, and the mare returns to estrus. In 2003, Nie et al reported that placement of a 25or 35-mm-diameter sterile glass ball in the uterine lumen immediately following ovulation resulted in prolonged CL function in 39% of the mares that retained the glass ball after insertion (50% of the smaller glass balls were expelled soon after placement). In those mares that developed prolonged CL function following placement of the glass ball, CL function was maintained for approximately 90 days, during which time serum progesterone concentrations were > 1.0 ng/ mL and estrous behavior was not observed. Clinical interest in the intrauterine glass ball protocol was driven by the desire for nonpharmacological (ie, nonhormonal) methods of estrus suppression that could serve as an alternative to use of the synthetic progestin altrenogest, which is widely considered the gold standard for estrus suppression in mares. Although altrenogest reliably blocks estrous behavior, it is expensive, must be administered daily, and poses safety concerns for personnel who handle the drug. Because of these limitations as well as heightened concerns over the use of exogenous steroid hormones in performance horses, the intrauterine glass ball protocol provided an Is it time to retire the use of intrauterine glass balls for estrus suppression in mares?
MILP Optimized Management of Domestic PV-Battery Using Two Days-Ahead Forecasts (2022)

This paper proposes an Energy Management System (EMS) for domestic PV-battery applications with the aim of reducing the absolute net energy exchange with the utility grid by utilizing the two days-ahead energy forecasts in the optimization process. A Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) exploits two days-ahead energy demand and PV generation forecasts to schedule the day-ahead battery energy exchange with both the utility grid and the PV generator. The proposed scheme is tested using the real data of the Active Office Building (AOB) located in Swansea University, UK. Performance comparisons with state-of-the-art and the commercial EMS currently running at the AOB reveal that the proposed EMS increases the self-consumption of PV energy and at the same time reduces the total energy cost. The absolute net energy exchange with the grid and the total operating costs are reduced by 121% and 54% compared to the state-of-the-art and 194% and 8% when compared to the commercial EMS over a six-month period. Furthermore, the results show that the proposed method can reduce the energy bill by up to 46% for the same period compared to the state-of-the-art. The paper also investigates the effect of using different objective functions on the performance of the EMS and shows that the proposed EMS operate more efficiently when it is compared with another cost function that directly promotes reducing the absolute net energy exchange.
β-Conglycinin Peptides Improve Glucose Uptake through the AMPK Signaling Pathway in L6 Myotubes (2015)

Soy β-conglycinin (βCG) consumption has been shown to improve insulin resistance and suppress diet-induced obesity. These physiological effects seem to be mediated by the normalization of adiponectin and insulin sensitivity. Here, we show that artificial enzyme-hydrolyzed βCG peptides promote uptake of 2-deoxyglucose, a glucose analogue, accompanied by translocation of glucose transporter 4 in skeletal L6 myotubes. Inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) attenuated βCG peptides-induced glucose uptake activity, while inhibition of both insulin and nitrogen monoxide signaling did not affect the glucose uptake activity. Taken together, these results indicate that βCG peptides directly induced glucose uptake through the AMPK signaling pathway in muscle cells and might function to prevent insulin resistance.
Multislice CT angiography: a practical guide to CT angiography in vascular imaging and intervention (2004)

The development of multidetector CT (MDCT) has revolutionized CT angiography (CTA). Not only are new techniques now in the remit of CTA, but all the studies previously performed on single slice or helical CT can now be done with better resolution. The advantage of MDCT relevant to CTA is the ability to acquire high resolution, near isotropic data sets in a shorter acquisition time. Also important is the ability to achieve a longer scanning range in the arterial phase, which has seen the introduction of CTA of the peripheral arterial system. Image processing techniques have also progressed rapidly, with simplification of a previously cumbersome process. The high spatial resolution and relatively non-invasive nature make MDCT angiography a strong and serious competitor to established vascular imaging techniques. The implication is that traditional diagnostic pathways for evaluation of the vascular system have changed.
Cell Contacts in Human Islets of Langerhans (1975)

The freeze-fracturing technique was applied to fresh human islets of Langerhans. With this technique, the inside of cellular membranes was revealed, and specific membrane differentiations, hitherto unknown, were observed in the plasma membrane of the endocrine cells. The specific membrane differentiations represent two types of intercellular junctions, namely the tight junction, which determines a closure of the extracellular space and the gap junction which allows molecules and ions to diffuse from one cell to another (sharing the gap junction) without leaking in the extracellular space (intercellular coupling). The presence of such junctions may be important for the secretory behavior of the cells within the islet.
Naphthalin‐1,4‐endoperoxid (1976)

Naphthalin‐1,4‐endoperoxid (3) , das aus unsubstituiertem Naphthalin und Singulett‐Sauerstoff infolge zu hoher Aktivierungsenergie nicht zugänglich ist, konnte jetzt aus dem 1,6‐Imino[10]annulen (1) über die Zwischenstufe (2) gewonnen werden. Thermolysiert man (2) vor der Umsetzung mit NOCl, so erhält man syn ‐Naphthalin‐1,2;3,4‐dioxid (4) .
A Survey of Recent Advances in Face Detection (2010)

Face detection has been one of the most studied topics in the computer vision literature. In this technical report, we survey the recent advances in face detection for the past decade. The seminal Viola-Jones face detector is first reviewed. We then survey the various techniques according to how they extract features and what learning algorithms are adopted. It is our hope that by reviewing the many existing algorithms, we will see even better algorithms developed to solve this fundamental computer vision problem.
Effects of Chronic Treatment with a Water-Alcohol Extract from Erythrina mulungu on Anxiety-Related Responses in Rats (2003)

We investigated the effects of chronic oral treatment with a water-alcohol extract from the inflorescence of Erythrina mulungu (Leguminosae-Papilionaceae) (EM, 50, 100, 200 mg/kg) in rats submitted to different anxiety models: the elevated T-maze (ETM, for inhibitory avoidance and escape measurements), the light/dark transition, and the cat odor test. These models were selected for their capacity to elicit specific subtypes of anxiety disorders as recognized in clinical practice. Treatment with EM impaired inhibitory avoidance latencies in a way similar to the reference drug, diazepam (DZP). Additionally, both EM and DZP increased the number of transitions and the time spent in the lighted compartment of the light/dark transition model. Furthermore, neither EM nor DZP altered behavioral responses of rats to a cloth impregnated with cat odor. In contrast to DZP, however, EM also altered ETM one-way escape. These results were not due to motor alterations since no significant effects were detected in the number of crossings or rearings in the arena. The present observations suggest that chronic EM exerts anxiolytic-like effects in defensive behaviors related to generalized anxiety and panic disorder. Although alkaloids appear to be one of the main constituents of EM, the possible mechanisms through which the extract exerts its anxiolytic action should be further investigated.
Inhibition of mitochondrial β-oxidation in the heart by increased redox state of the ubiquinone pool (1996)

Conference Article| August 01 1996 Inhibition of mitochondrial β-oxidation in the heart by increased redox state of the ubiquinone pool Simon Eaton; Simon Eaton 1Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Kim Bartlett Kim Bartlett 1Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1996) 24 (3): 457S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst024457s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Simon Eaton, Kim Bartlett; Inhibition of mitochondrial β-oxidation in the heart by increased redox state of the ubiquinone pool. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1996; 24 (3): 457S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst024457s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1996 Biochemical Society1996 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Saccadic movements assessment in eccentric fixation: A study in patients with Stargardt disease (2020)

Ocular saccades guided by eccentric fixation in STGD patients are significantly slower than in the control group, especially when the target corresponds to retinal areas with a deep scotoma. These results can explain the worse reading performance in STGD subjects, in particular when a non-viewing area on the right part of the text is present.
N-(Aryl)picolinamide complexes of rhodium · Synthesis, structure and, spectral and electrochemical properties (2012)

Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700 032, India <em>E-mail </em>: samaresh _ b@hotmail. com Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, UK <em>Manuscript received 20 December 2011, revised 30 December 2011, accepted 30 December 2011</em> Reaction of a series of <em>N</em>-(aryl)picolinamide ligands (HL-R, where H denotes the acidic proton and R<strong> </strong>(R=OCH<sub>3</sub><strong>, </strong>CH<sub>3</sub>,<strong> </strong>H, Cl and N0<sub>2</sub>) is the para substituent in the aryl fragment) with RhCI<sub>3</sub> ·3H<sub>2</sub>0 in rcfluxing ethanol in the presence of a base (NEt<sub>3</sub>) affords two groups of yellow complexes of type [Rh(HL-R)(L-R)CI<sub>2</sub>)<strong> </strong>and<strong> </strong>[Rh(L-R)<sub>2</sub> (H<sub>2</sub>0)CI]. In [Rh(HL-R)(L-R)CI<sub>2</sub>], IIL-R is coordinated as neutral<strong> </strong>N,O-donor and L-R as monoanionic N,N-donm·, and the two chlorides are mutually <em>trans</em>. In<strong> </strong>[Rh(L-R)<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>0)Cl]<strong> </strong>both the amide ligands arc coordinated as monoanionic N,N-donor, and the chloro and aquo ligands are mutually <em>cis</em>. Structures of the [Rh(HL-OCH<sub>3</sub>)(L-OCH<sub>3</sub>)CI<sub>2</sub>) and [Rh(L-CI)<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>0)CI] complexes have been determined by X-ray crystallography. All the complexes show characteristic <sup>1</sup>H NMR signals and intense LLCT transitions in the ultraviolet region. Cyclic voltammetry on the complexes shows an oxidation of the coordinated amide ligand within 0. 78-1.80 V vs SCE and a reductive response within<strong> </strong>-0.20 to -0.75 V vs SCE. DFT calculations have been done to explain the electronic spectral and electrochemical properties.
Dendrimers with electroactive units in the core or in each branching centre (2003)

Interest in dendrimers is mostly focused on their capability of performing specific functions which, in their turn, derive from the possibility of incorporating in predetermined sites of the structure selected functional groups (‘pieces of information’). From a topological viewpoint we can distinguish dendrimers containing electroactive units (a) in the core, (b) in the branches, (c) in the surface, (d) in the core and in the branches, (e) in the core and in the surface, (f) in the branches and in the surface, and (g) in the core, branches and surface. In this article we review the behaviour of dendrimers with electroactive units buried in the core and dendrimers with electroactive units in each branching centre investigated in our laboratory.
Trigeminal Neuralgia Associated with a Primitive Trigeminal Artery Variant: Case Report (2004)

Although the PTA variant is frequently associated with intracranial aneurysms, it is extremely rare for the variant to lead to trigeminal neuralgia. During microvascular decompression surgery, surgeons should be careful to prevent injury of the perforating arteries arising from the PTA variant.
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol &lt;50 mg/dL is an appropriate target after acute coronary syndrome: propensity score-matched analysis of the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial (2020)

Abstract Background New ESC/EAS guidelines advise a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) target level &amp;lt;55 mg/dL for patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS), and a level &amp;lt;40 mg/dL for those with recurrent events. Previous analyses of clinical trials have sought to define an optimal LDL-C target range to prevent major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). However, those analyses are limited because patients who achieve lower versus higher LDL-C levels on lipid-lowering therapy differ in other characteristics that are prognostic for MACE, including baseline LDL-C, lipoprotein(a), and medication adherence. Aim To overcome these limitations, we performed a propensity score-matching (PSM) analysis of the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial, which compared the PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab with placebo in 18,924 patients with recent ACS. Methods Patients on alirocumab were classified in 1 of 3 pre-specified categories according to Month 4 LDL-C &amp;lt;25 (n=3357), 25–50 (n=3692) or &amp;gt;50 mg/dL (n=2197). Within each category, MACE after Month 4 was compared with patients on placebo using 1:1 PSM on demographic, clinical, and adherence variables. Because the trial design involved blinded substitution of placebo for alirocumab when consecutive LDL-C levels were &amp;lt;15 mg/dL on alirocumab, we also evaluated MACE in those patients (n=730) in comparison with patients chosen from the placebo group by 1:3 PSM. Results Patients in the three achieved LDL-C categories of the alirocumab group differed by baseline age, sex, geographic region; history of diabetes, smoking, peripheral artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, coronary revascularization, heart failure, obstructive pulmonary disease, or malignancy; type of index ACS event; baseline LDL-C, lipoprotein(a), estimated glomerular filtration rate, body mass index, systolic blood pressure; use of intensive statin therapy; and adherence with study medication. After PSM, patients in each LDL-C category on alirocumab were well matched to patients on placebo for these characteristics. Treatment hazard ratios (HRs) for MACE (Figure) were similar in those with achieved LDL-C &amp;lt;25 mg/dL or 25–50 mg/dL. Patients with achieved LDL-C &amp;gt;50 mg/dL achieved less benefit. Patients who achieved consecutive LDL-C levels &amp;lt;15 mg/dL and were switched to placebo nonetheless had a robust HR (0.71, 95% CI 0.52–0.98) and thus did not dilute efficacy of alirocumab among those in the &amp;lt;25 mg/dL achieved LDL-C category. Conclusion After accounting for differences in baseline characteristics and adherence, reduction in risk of MACE with alirocumab was similar in patients who achieved LDL-C &amp;lt;25 or 25–50 mg/dL. These data suggest that an LDL-C target of less than 50 mg/dL may be reasonable after ACS and is essentially congruent with new ESC/EAS guidelines. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Sanofi and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc
Towed streamer EM: the challenges of sensitivity and anisotropy (2013)

Abstract Johan Mattsson, Folke Engelmark and Chris Anderson reflect on some of the ongoing issues in the improvement of the newly launched towed streamer EM survey technology.
Event‐related potential differences in children supplemented with long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids during infancy (2016)

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) have been shown to be necessary for early retinal and brain development, but long-term cognitive benefits of LCPUFA in infancy have not been definitively established. The present study sought to determine whether LCPUFA supplementation during the first year of life would result in group differences in behavior and event-related potentials (ERPs) while performing a task requiring response inhibition (Go/No-Go) at 5.5 years of age. As newborns, 69 children were randomly assigned to infant formulas containing either no LCPUFA (control) or formula with 0.64% of total fatty acids as arachidonic acid (ARA; 20:4n6) and various concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n3) (0.32%, 0.64% or 0.96%) for the first 12 months of life. At 5.5 years of age, a task designed to test the ability to inhibit a prepotent response (Go/No-Go) was administered, yielding both event-related potentials (ERPs) and behavioral data. Behavioral measures did not differ between groups, although reaction times of supplemented children were marginally faster. Unsupplemented children had lower P2 amplitude than supplemented children to both Go and No-Go conditions. N2 amplitude was significantly higher on No-Go trials than Go trials, but only for supplemented children, resulting in a significant Group × Condition interaction. Topographical analysis of the ERPs revealed that the LCPUFA-supplemented group developed a novel period of synchronous activation (microstate) involving wider anterior brain activation around 200 ms; this microstate was not present in controls. These findings suggest that LCPUFA supplementation during the first 12 months of life exerts a developmental programming effect that is manifest in brain electrophysiology. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oM2leg4sevs.
A New Methodology for Studying Realistic Processors in Computer Science Degrees (2013)

The architecture of current microprocessors has suffered a vertiginous evolution in the last years, leading to the development of multithreaded multicore processors. The inherent complexity makes teaching students how current processors work a complex task and this has led most universities to study superscalar or multithreaded processors in a very simplified manner. This situation aggravates even more at lab sessions. Due to this fact students have a faraway view from real working of current multicore processors. To deal with this hard shortcoming, we designed a new methodology to approach students to real processor hardware, that has been successfully used at the Universitat Politècnica de València. The methodology is based on the use of a very detailed and accurate simulator that provides support to simulate all the main components of current microprocessors. Due to the simulator complexity, it is introduced through several phases in a progressive manner, which leads the students to achieve a solid learning about how current processors work, even including the a detailed model for the on-chip network that connects the cores of the system. Results demonstrate that students are able to use the simulator in a reasonable time period, and understand at the same time the more complex concepts of commercial processors. Furthermore some of them have been able to developed projects with the studied simulation framework that have been published in top international research conferences, such as PACT and IPDPS.
Development of a Space-Rated Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (1999)

Power systems for human spacecraft have historically included fuel cells due to the superior energy density they offer over battery systems depending on mission length and power consumption. As space exploration focuses on the evolution of reusable spacecraft and also considers planetary exploration power system requirements, fuel cells continue to be a factor in the potential system solutions.