gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anticancer Chemotherapy Accelerates Scalp Hair Loss with no Androgenic Involvement (1989)

The involvement of plasma testosterone in patients associated with scalp hair loss accelerated by anticancer drugs including aclarubicin and cisplatin was investigated. Scalp hair loss observed was minor in 12 and severe in 2 out of 31 patients. In patients without significant hair loss, the combination of aclarubicin and cisplatin produced a significant decrease in the plasma testosterone concentration in male patients and a significant increase in female patients 3 days after the anticancer chemotherapy. Six days after the chemotherapy, however, these concentrations returned to pretreatment values. Similar changes were observed in patients with minor or severe scalp hair loss induced by these drugs. These results suggest that aclarubicin and/or cisplatin may accelerate scalp hair loss with no androgenic involvement.
Phospholipids affect the intestinal absorption of carotenoids in mice (2003)

Previously, we have shown that uptake of carotenoids solubilized with mixed micelles by human intestinal Caco-2 cells is enhanced by lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) and suppressed by PC. This study determined the effect of PC and lysoPC in mixed micelles on the accumulation of beta-carotene and lutein in mice in order to elucidate the roles of micellar phospholipid in the intestinal uptake of carotenoids in vivo. Mixed micelles were composed of 2.5 mM monooleoylglycerol, 7.5 mM oleic acid, 12 mM sodium taurocholate, 200 microM carotenoid, and 3 mM phospholipid in PBS. The mice were fed single doses of beta-carotene or lutein solubilized in PC (PC group), lysoPC (LPC group), and no phospholipid (NoPL group) micelles. The beta-carotene responses in the plasma and liver of the PC group were markedly lower than those of the other two groups, whereas no differences were noticed between the LPC and NoPL groups. The average level of lutein in the plasma of the PC group after administration was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of the other groups. Moreover, the average level of lutein in the liver was significantly (P < 0.05) different among the groups in the order of LPC > NoPL > PC. Thus, the results clearly indicate that PC suppressed the accumulation of beta-carotene and lutein in plasma and liver and that lysoPC enhanced the accumulation of lutein in liver. These results suggest that the hydrolysis of PC to lysoPC plays an important role in the intestinal uptake of carotenoids solubilized in mixed micelles.
Synthesis and Functionalization of Ordered Large‐Pore Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications (2017)

Abstract A dual surfactant synthetic approach was employed for the synthesis of large‐pore mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). The as‐synthesized mesoporous silica exhibited not only 2D hexagonal mesostructure with an average pore size of about 7 nm but also a spherical nanoparticulate morphology. A delayed co‐condensation synthesis method was further employed to create site‐specific core‐shell bifunctional MSNs. These core‐shell large‐pore MSNs are biocompatible and can be efficiently taken up by cells. They are therefore promising nanocarriers for cellular delivery purposes.
Chirostrip Antenna: Line Source Problem (1992)

Recently, we introduced the idea of chirostrip antennas which are microstrip radiators with chiral materials as substrates and/or superstrates. Owing to the handedness of chiral substrates, novel features are associated with this type of antenna. In this paper, the problem of chirostrip line antennas is analyzed in detail. These antennas consist of an electric line source printed on top of a grounded chiral slab. Both the surface wave and radiation modes of such substrates are obtained and their important features are discussed. Excitation of these surface waves and radiation by the line source are studied and their notable characteristics, such as the power and polarization state of the radiation fields, and the power carried by surface waves, are addressed. It is found that for the two-dimensional chirostrip antenna the chirality can, under certain circumstances, decrease the undesirable surface-wave power and increase the radiated power, thus giving rise to higher radiation resistance and radiation efficiency in these antennas. Such designs would lead to more efficient antennas with wider bandwidth. The physical understanding gained from the analysis of such antennas can help us to introduce novel designs for more complex printed-circuit and conformal antennas utilizing chiral materials. It is concluded that chiral materials can potentially substitute some of the conventional materials commonly used in microwave components and will open new chapters in the design of novel microwave and millimeter-wave devices.
Cosegmentation of Image Pairs by Histogram Matching - Incorporating a Global Constraint into MRFs (2006)

We introduce the term cosegmentation which denotes the task of segmenting simultaneously the common parts of an image pair. A generative model for cosegmentation is presented. Inference in the model leads to minimizing an energy with an MRF term encoding spatial coherency and a global constraint which attempts to match the appearance histograms of the common parts. This energy has not been proposed previously and its optimization is challenging and NP-hard. For this problem a novel optimization scheme which we call trust region graph cuts is presented. We demonstrate that this framework has the potential to improve a wide range of research: Object driven image retrieval, video tracking and segmentation, and interactive image editing. The power of the framework lies in its generality, the common part can be a rigid/non-rigid object (or scene), observed from different viewpoints or even similar objects of the same class.
Mechanical Behavior of CFRP Adhesive Joints with Thin Adherends. (1994)

Recently, adherend thickness has tended to decrease to lighten the adhesive composite structures. In this study, the mechanical behavior of CFRP adhesive joints was examined in the case in which a thin adherend was used. AE measurement and FEM analysis were performed. The adhesive-strength evaluation method that used the stress singularity parameter was applied to FEM results. Initial failure strength, which was an important factor applying the cyclic load, could be found by AE results. It was clarified that the initial failure strength decreased when thin adherend was used. According to FEM analysis, the initial failure strength could be evaluated by the intensity of the stress singularity. It was clarified that the initial failure strength decreased, since the intensity of the stress singularity at the adhesive edge increased when adherend thickness decreased, and that intensity increased, since the tensile deformation gap between the adherends became widened.
LIGHTWEIGHT PARTITIONS HAVING IMPROVED LOW FREQUENCY SOUND INSULATIONS (1995)

The sound insulations were measured of a range of single, double and triple leaf partitions. For the single leaf partitions, a staggered stud configuration was used. For the double and triple leaf partitions, the configuration of the boards was different from that in the conventional Camdens. At low frequencies, the partitions tested generally had higher sound insulations than comparable metal-framed Camdens. They also had higher sound insulations at low frequencies than comparable all-plasterboard partitions having the same numbers of layers of boards as in the metal-framed Camdens. The partitions will be suitable for use in studio constructions where lightweight partitions would previously have been ruled out on sound insulation grounds. This should enable considerable savings in construction costs. Issued under the Authority of Research &amp;amp; Development Department,
Intracochleäre Kraftmessungen während der Elektrodeneinführung: Empfehlungen für Auswertung, Vergleichbarkeit und Darstellung (2023)

Zielsetzung Es wird angenommen, dass der intracochleäre Druck und die Kraft beim Einsetzen der Elektroden in die Cochlea wichtige Faktoren sind. Die Operation zur Erhaltung des Restgehörs zielt darauf ab, das Auftreten dieser beiden Faktoren zu minimieren. Während für das Auftreten des intracochleären Drucks der Maximalwert und die Spitzenfrequenz wichtige Parameter sind, wird die intracochleäre Kraft in der Regel weniger detailliert beschrieben. Eine partielle Insertionsschätzung der Kraft kann den Eindruck eines niedrigen Kraftwertes erwecken, obwohl die Insertion nicht abgeschlossen und die maximale Kraft beschrieben ist. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Parameter der Kraftmessung, wie z.B. Geschwindigkeit und Insertionstiefe, im Hinblick auf ihre Relevanz für den Hörerhalt zu vergleichen.
A novel stable high-nitrogen energetic material: 4,4′-azobis(1,2,4-triazole) (2011)

A novel high-nitrogen compound with an N,N′-azo linkage, 4,4′-azobis(1,2,4-triazole), has been synthesized and well characterized. The solid-state structure was determined by X-ray diffraction. The experimentally determined density and enthalpy of formation matched with theoretically computed values based on the B3LYP method. The DSC result suggests that 4,4′-azobis(1,2,4-triazole) decomposes at a relatively high temperature (313.36 °C). By comparison with 3,3′-azobis(1,2,4-triazole), containing a C,C′-azo linkage, the N,N′-azo linkage was found to provide compounds with a relatively high density and high energy.
Schroeder integration: Foundation for advanced sound energy decay analysis. (2011)

Schroeder’s backward integration method broke the new ground in classical architectural acoustics. Soon after publication of Schroeder’s backward integration method for obtaining sound energy decay functions from room-impulse responses [Schroeder, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 37, 409–412 (1965)], research activities in this field have been frequently reported in major journal publications. For reverberation time estimation based on a traditional straight-line model, solutions to remedy problems related to the upper limit of backward integration and the background noise in experimentally measured Schroeder decay functions have emerged. Using a parametric model derived from the nature of Schroeder integration, this author proposed a nonlinear regression method [Xiang, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 98, 2112–2121 (1995)]. The nonlinear regression method yields reverberation time estimates, insensitive to background noise, and the upper limit of integration. Recent interest in acoustically coupled-volume systems has prompted new challenges in analyzing sound energy decay characteristics, which are more complicated than just single-rate decays. This paper will demonstrate a suitable framework for this room-acoustics application using Bayesian inference and the Schroeder backward integration as the foundation of the advanced model-based energy decay analysis. Based on the Schroeder integration, two levels of inference, decay order selection, and decay parameter estimation have been developed for practical applications.
Real-time machine vision system for non-contact measurements of the masses of free-falling hot glass drops (2003)

The real time machine vision system for non-contact measurements of the masses of free falling hot glass drops is represented. The work of the system is based on preliminary optical processing of free falling hot glass drops images, videosignal input in the computer, analysis of the videostream in real time, selection of the geometric information, calculation of volume and mass of drop and statistical processing of results. The realized low cost system is used in the acting production of glass bottles. The error of measurement of masses of hot glass drops is 0,5-1%.
From Toy to Tool: Extending Tag Clouds for Software and Information Visualisation (2013)

Software visualisation employs techniques from the more general information visualisation field to help software engineers comprehend and manage the size and complexity of software systems. The scale and complexity of the software engineering domain pose significant challenges and it is important to make effective use of techniques which can be adapted effectively to support tasks in this context. In this paper, we extend significantly the tag cloud concept, transforming it from a simple toy into a powerful tool which can help address challenges inherent in software visualisation. We illustrate our approach with examples drawn from our software engineering research programme and describe Taggle, a tool which implements our techniques. Our visualisations support developers as they search, filter, browse, explore and act upon data and are a useful addition to the software visualisation tool kit.
Control of Walnut Scale in Walnuts, 2014 (2016)

This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of reduced-risk insecticides for control of WS. This study was conducted in a mature walnut orchard spaced with 9.1 m between trees and 9.1 m between rows near near Marysville, CA. Nine treatments were replicated four times in a RCB design. Each replicate was a single tree and there was an untreated buffer tree between each replicate. Materials were applied with a hand-held orchard sprayer operating at 1,723.7 kPa with a finished spray volume of 1,870.8 liters/ha. Treatments were applied on 8 Apr 2014 (post delayed dormant) …
Intergranular Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steel (1971)

The well‐known susceptibility of austenitic stainless steels to intergranular corrosion after heat‐treatment in the temperature range of 550°–800°C (i.e., "sensitization") has long been attributed to depletion of Cr from regions of the alloy matrix adjacent to grain boundaries in which had precipitated. Those regions of the steel in which the local Cr composition falls below about 12% have a diminished ability to form a passive film and hence corrode preferentially.
Laparoscopic Versus Open Resection for Colorectal Cancer: A Metaanalysis of Oncologic Outcomes (2007)

Jackson, Timothy D. MD, MPH; Kaplan, Gilaad G. MD, MPH; Arena, Goffredo MD; Page, John H. MBBS, ScD; Rogers, Selwyn O. Jr MD, MPH, FACS Author Information
Synthesis and Characterization of Isobutylene-Based Ammonium and Phosphonium Bromide Ionomers (2004)

The preparation of isobutylene-based ionomers through displacement of halide from brominated poly(isobutylene-co-isoprene) (BIIR) by triphenylphosphine (PPh3) and N,N-dimethyloctylamine (DMOA) is demonstrated. While the resulting phosphonium and ammonium bromide salts (IIR-PPh3Br and IIR-NR3Br, respectively) possess dynamic mechanical properties that are comparable to thermoset vulcanizates, the elastomeric network is the result of ion-pair aggregation. Evidence of intra- and intermolecular aggregation provided by dynamic mechanical and dilute solution viscosity analyses is reinforced by studies of 1H NMR spin−spin relaxation, which demonstrate the reduced mobility of those polymer chain segments proximal to the phosphonium bromide functionality within IIR-PPh3Br.
Second-Messenger Signalling Mechanisms in Olfaction (2021)

Recently, biochemical and neurophysiological evidence has accumulated implicating second-messenger involvement in olfactory stimulus-response coupling. This evidence, taken together with the identification of signal-transducing, GTP-binding proteins (G-proteins) in the olfactory epithelium, suggests that as in other neuronal cells, second messengers may provide the critical link between the initial receptor-binding event and subsequent ion channel activity in olfactory neurons. This chapter emphasizes biochemical and neuro-physiological studies of olfactory reception and transduction in the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus ). Ligand-binding studies with isolated cilia preparations from the olfactory epithelium of this model system support the hypothesis that stimulus detection and recognition are mediated by specific stimulus-receptor interaction. Stimulus activation of adenylate cyclase was also investigated in isolated cilia preparations from the channel catfish. A variety of cell surface receptors have recently been shown to be coupled to phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis.
Comparison of Direct Headspace and Aqueous Injection Techniques for Halogenated Hydrocarbons in Water (1986)

Journal Article Comparison of Direct Headspace and Aqueous Injection Techniques for Halogenated Hydrocarbons in Water Get access Mehrzad Mehran, Mehrzad Mehran Drinking Water Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W.J. Cooper, W.J. Cooper Drinking Water Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mostafa Mehran, Mostafa Mehran Drinking Water Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. Jennings W. Jennings Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, California 95616 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Chromatographic Science, Volume 24, Issue 4, April 1986, Pages 142–146, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/24.4.142 Published: 01 April 1986 Article history Received: 23 September 1985 Revision received: 02 December 1985 Published: 01 April 1986
Multi-scale Fully Convolutional Network for Face Detection in the Wild (2017)

Face detection is a classical problem in computer vision. It is still a difficult task due to many nuisances that naturally occur in the wild. In this paper, we propose a multi-scale fully convolutional network for face detection. To reduce computation, the intermediate convolutional feature maps (conv) are shared by every scale model. We up-sample and down-sample the final conv map to approximate K levels of a feature pyramid, leading to a wide range of face scales that can be detected. At each feature pyramid level, a FCN is trained end-to-end to deal with faces in a small range of scale change. Because of the up-sampling, our method can detect very small faces (10×10 pixels). We test our MS-FCN detector on four public face detection datasets, including FDDB, WIDER FACE, AFW and PASCAL FACE. Extensive experiments show that it outperforms state-of-the-art methods. Also, MS-FCN runs at 23 FPS on a GPU for images of size 640×480 with no assumption on the minimum detectable face size.
High Prevalence of “Simkania Z,” a NovelChlamydia‐likeBacterium, in Infants with Acute Bronchiolitis (1998)

The newly described microorganism "Simkania Z" ("Z"), an obligate intracellular, penicillin-resistant microorganism most closely related to the chlamydiae, has been associated with adult community-acquired pneumonia. The possible involvement of "Z" in bronchiolitis in infants was examined in a prospective study of 239 infants with bronchiolitis and 78 controls. Other potential etiologic agents sought were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus, and cytomegalovirus. Evidence for the presence of "Z" in nasopharyngeal wash specimens (polymerase chain reaction and/or culture) was found in 25% of infants with bronchiolitis, while controls were all negative (P < .001). A serum IgA response to "Z" infection was detected by immunoperoxidase assay in 15% of infants with bronchiolitis versus 1.3% of controls (P < .001). Clinical findings were not different for infants with bronchiolitis associated with RSV alone, "Z" alone, or RSV and "Z" together. The high prevalence of "Z" in infants with bronchiolitis, often accompanied by an immune response, suggests a possible etiologic role of this agent in the disease.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF C‐NUCLEOSIDES. 13. S‐TRIAZOLO(4,3‐A)‐ AND ‐(1,5‐A)PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES (1976)

Abstract 2‐Hydrazino‐pyridin (I) reagiert mit den Thioacetirnidaten (II) zu den Cyclisierungsprodukten (III).
Components of the Bovine Pituitary Multicatalytic Proteinase Complex (Proteasome) Cleaving Bonds after Hydrophobic Residues (1999)

Two catalytic components of the multicatalytic proteinase complex (MPC, proteasome) designated as chymotrypsin-like (ChT-L) and branched chain amino acid preferring (BrAAP) cleave bonds after hydrophobic amino acids. The possible involvement of the ChT-L and peptidylglutamyl-peptide hydrolyzing (PGPH) activities in the cleavage of bonds attributed to the BrAAP component was examined. Several inhibitors of the ChT-L activity containing a phenylalaninal group did not affect the BrAAP activity at concentrations that were more than 150 times higher than their K(i) values for the ChT-L activity. Concentrations of lactacystin that inactivated more than 90% of the ChT-L activity had no effect on the BrAAP activity. Concentrations of 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin (DCI) that inactivated the ChT-L activity activated by up to 10-fold the BrAAP activity toward synthetic substrates and by more than 2-fold the degradation of the insulin B chain in a reaction not inhibited by Z-LGF-CHO, a selective inhibitor of the ChT-L activity. These findings are incompatible with any significant involvement of the ChT-L activity in the cleavage of BrAAP substrates. Both the native and DCI-treated MPC cleaved the insulin B chain mainly after acidic residues in a reaction inhibited by Z-GPFL-CHO, an inhibitor of the BrAAP and PGPH activities. DCI exposure did not result in acylation of the N-terminal threonine in the active site of the Y subunit. These results suggest involvement of the PGPH activity in the cleavage of BrAAP substrates, but this conclusion is incompatible with DCI activation of the BrAAP activity and inactivation of the PGPH activity, and with the finding that proteins inhibiting the PGPH activity had no effect on the BrAAP activity. Rationalization of these contradictions is discussed.
Synthèse et activité biologique d'analogues peptidiques et pseudo-peptidiques des neurokinines (1989)

Chez les mammiferes, les neurokinines representees par la substance P (SP), la neurokinine A (NKA) et la neurokinine B (NKB) sont des neuropeptides, qui possedent une sequence c-terminale commune et appartiennent a la famille des tachykinines. Leur spectre d'activite biologique est tres diversifie. Ainsi, dans le systeme nerveux central, les neurokinines occupent une position strategique dans la transmission des stimuli nociceptifs. A la peripherie, les neurokinines provoquent la contraction de divers muscles lisses (ileon, trachee, vessie. . . ) Et stimulent certaines glandes exocrines (glandes salivaires, pancreas. . . ). Notre etude concerne la synthese et l'activite biologique d'analogues peptidiques et pseudo peptidiques des neurokinines. Nous avons montre qu'il est possible, par une simple acylation N-terminale du pentapeptide commun aux neurokinines, d'aboutir a des activites agonistes superieures a celles des neuropeptides naturels de dix ou onze acides amines. D'autre part, apres incorporation de residus d-tryptophane (en position 7 et 9) dans la sequence peptidique de base du penta peptide SP (7-11), nous avons obtenu des activites antagonistes comparables aux meilleures decrites. Enfin, nous avons remplace dans la structure des agonistes selectifs des recepteurs des neurokinines, certaines liaisons peptidiques (CO-NH) par une liaison de type methylene-amino (CHH2-NH) afin de bloquer la proteolyse de ces peptides et pour augmenter leur activite biologique. L'ensemble de ce travail represente une ouverture tant au niveau de l'etude des relations structure-activite que de la pharmacologie des neurokinines