gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase I trial of low-dose continuous topotecan infusion in patients with cancer: an active and well-tolerated regimen. (1994)

PURPOSE The objective of this trial was to define the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of topotecan for a 21-day infusion schedule, repeated every 28 days, in patients with cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Cohorts of four patients received continuous ambulatory infusions of topotecan in escalated duration with doses beginning at 0.20 mg/m2/d for 7 days. Forty-four patients with a histologic diagnosis of cancer refractory to standard therapy were treated with infusions of topotecan for a total of 115 cycles and 1,780 patient-days of infusion. The median number of treatment cycles per patient was two (range, one to eight). All patients were heavily pretreated with chemotherapy and/or radiation. RESULTS The dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was myelo-suppression, with thrombocytopenia greater than neutropenia seen at the dose level of 0.70 mg/m2/d for 21 days. At the MTD of 0.53 mg/m2, ten patients were treated for a total of 20 courses, resulting in one episode of grade 4 thrombocytopenia and leukopenia, one grade 3 thrombocytopenia, and two grade 3 leukopenias. This dose regimen was well tolerated, with minimal nonhematologic toxicity. Local infusion port complications developed in two patients and two had bacteremia, including one patient with repeated local skin infections. Objective responses were observed in this heavily pretreated population for patients with ovarian cancer (two partial responses and one mixed response in six patients), breast cancer (one partial response and one mixed response in two patients), and for one patient each with renal and non-small-cell lung cancer (two partial remissions). CONCLUSION Twenty-one-day topotecan infusion is well tolerated at 0.53 mg/m2, with dose-intensity exceeding other schedules for administration of topotecan. The DLT is hematologic, with thrombocytopenia somewhat exceeding leukopenia. Objective responses were observed in seven patients with breast, ovarian, renal, and non-small-cell lung cancer.
Development of an ultrasonic system for super-precise measurement of zero-CTE temperature of EUVL-grade TiO 2 -SiO 2 ultra-low-expansion glasses (2010)

This paper presents the development of a practical system for super-precise evaluation of zero-CTE temperatures T(zero- CTE) of TiO<sub>2</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> glasses for extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) by measuring leaky surface-acoustic-wave (LSAW) velocity VLSAW with a line-focus-beam ultrasonic material characterization (LFB-UMC) system. This new system can evaluate T(zero-CTE) from 20 to 150&deg;C on the surfaces of glass substrates for photomasks and optical mirrors located at different positions in EUVL systems. This system operates in a stabilized temperature measurement environment (e.g., 23.00&deg;C). It was demonstrated at 225 MHz for homogenized TiO<sub>2</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> glass specimens with different annealing temperatures and realized an extremely homogeneous glass ingot with a &Delta;T(zero-CTE) of 1.6&deg;C around 23.2&deg;C. This ultrasonic system enables both glass manufacturers and users to speedily inspect all glass substrates with reliable data of T(zero-CTE).
Metastable Austenitic Steels with Ultra-High Strength and Toughness (1969)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A combination of chemical balancing and thermal-mechanical processing has led to a new class of high strength steels. These steels utilize the strain-induced austenite to martensite transformation to produce unusually good combinations of strength, elongation, toughness, and corrosion resistance. The principle behind enhanced elongation is discussed in terms of the increased work-hardening rate provided by the hard martensitic phase. The mechanism responsible for enhanced toughness is discussed in terms of the plastic energy absorption occurring during the transformation. It is further shown that elongation is three times greater, toughness may be two times greater in thin or thick sections, and corrosion resistance is an order of magnitude greater than the comparable properties of conventional, high-strength martensitic steels.&lt;/div&gt;
Effect of Treatment with a Natural Extract of Mukdenia Rossii (Oliv) Koidz and Unipolar Ion Emission on the Antibacterial Performance of Air Filters (2013)

Airborne microorganisms are deposited on air filters when these are used to reduce aerosol concentrations in indoor environments. These microorganisms cause various undesirable effects, such as production of unpleasant odors and re-suspension of bacterial and fungal spore bioaerosols into the indoor air. To resolve these issues, we investigated the antimicrobial effects of a natural extract of Mukdenia rossii (Oliv) Koidz and unipolar ion emission against bioaerosols deposited on air filters. The experimental results showed that the natural extract had an antimicrobial effect on the deposited bioaerosols, and that unipolar ion emission enhanced the antimicrobial performance of the natural extract.
The Unit-Structured Diagram: A Tool for Effective Professional Development (2021)

The purpose of this article is to introduce the unit-structured diagram and a professional development workshop using the diagram. The diagram consists of three areas, including objectives, content, and assessment. The objectives section is an area to identify learning outcomes based on physical education national standards. In the section of content, a unit is broken down into lessons. Teachers identify what to and when to evaluate student learning in the assessment section. The workshop using this diagram is underpinned by three premises of quality professional development: active engagement, specific tasks, and collaboration. The workshop can be modified to address the different needs of teachers.
Lightning threat to aircraft: Do we know all we need to know? (1991)

The problem of lightning threat to aircraft has two aspects: strike avoidance and aircraft protection. These two issues are addressed under the following topics: (1) lightning strikes, weather conditions, and natural lightning rate; (2) the engineering vs. scientific approach to aircraft protection; and (3) the additional information needed to understand lightning threat to aircraft.
1219 Analaysis of the Dynamic Behavior of the Patulous Eustachian Tube Caused by Pharyngeal Pressure Change (2005)

This paper deals with analysis of the dynamic behavior of the patulous Eustachian tube. Three-dimensional finite element method is used in this study to model the human Eustachian tube. Dynamic behavior of the patulous Eustachian tube caused by sniff was analyzed. Pressure distribution in the Eustachian tube was first obtained and was found to be roughly uniform all over the Eustachian tube. Then, the deformation of the patulous Eustachian tube was analyzed by applying the uniform pressure to the lumen of the Eustachian tube. As a result, the Eustachian tube started to close at its narrowest portion, and the area of occlusion expanded toward the pharyngeal orifice.
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus infection is lethal for adult type I interferon receptor-knockout mice (2010)

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) poses a great threat to public health due to its high mortality, transmission and geographical distribution. To date, there is no vaccine or specific treatment available and the knowledge regarding its pathogenesis is highly limited. Using a small-animal model system, this study showed that adult mice missing the type I interferon (IFN) receptor (IFNAR(-/-)) were susceptible to CCHFV and developed an acute disease with fatal outcome. In contrast, infection of wild-type mice (129 Sv/Ew) was asymptomatic. Viral RNA was found in all analysed organs of the infected mice, but the amount of CCHFV RNA was significantly higher in the IFNAR(-/-) mice than in the wild-type mice. Furthermore, the liver of IFNAR(-/-) mice was enlarged significantly, showing that IFN is important for limiting virus spread and protecting against liver damage in mice.
Expression of Barley Endopeptidase B in Trichoderma reesei (1997)

The gene for barley endopeptidase B (EPB) has been expressed in the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei from the cbh1 promoter. The EPB signal sequence allowed secretion of over 90% of the recombinant protein. Yields reached about 500 mg of immunoreactive protein per liter and exceeded values for any other protein derived from a higher eukaryotic organism produced in T. reesei.
A Variable Single Photon Plasmonic Beamsplitter (2013)

Plasmonic structures can both be exploited for scaling down optical components beyond the diffraction limit and enhancing and collecting the emission from single dipole emitter.Here, we experimentally demonstrate adiabatic coupling between two silver nanowires using a nitrogen vacancy center as a probe source.
Detection of Nonglaucomatous Macula Findings With Ganglion Cell Analysis Printouts vs Full Macular Cube Scans (2022)

The findings indicate that nonglaucomatous macular pathology may be missed based on GCA printouts alone. While it may be beneficial to review the full macular cube to detect potentially vision-threatening disease and ensure proper patient care, this study cannot determine if this missed pathology affects clinical outcomes.
Computer-based ICU data acquisition as an aid to clinical decision-making (1982)

The critically ill patient places tremendous mental challenges and crucial time demands on intensive care nurses and physicians. Computers can ease these demands by automatically acquiring, storing, and displaying patient data. However, the computer can more effectively serve the staff if medical-de
Identification of Non-linear Systems through Convolutional Neural Network (2019)

The theory of control systems deals with the analysis and design of interacting components of a system in a configuration that provides the desired behavior. This paper deals with the problem of the identification of non-linear systems through Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). We propose a structure of a CNN and perform simulations with test data using unsupervised learning for the identification of nonlinear systems. Also, MLP is used to compare the results when there is noise in the training data, which allows us to see that the proposed CNN has better performance and can be used for cases where the noise is present. The proposed CNN is validated with test data. Tests are carried out with Gas oven data, comparing the proposed structure of CNN with a MLP. When there is noise in the data, CNN has better performance than MLP.
Corrosion Test of 304 Stainless Steel in Hydrazine and Methanol Solutions at 320°C Under Gamma-Irradiation and Gamma Radiolysis of Hydrazine and Methanol (2010)

It has been pointed out that dissolved hydrogen is one of the key factors of PWSCC (primary water stress corrosion cracking) in the primary systems of pressurized water reactors. The authors consider that application of alternative reductant for hydrogen may mitigate PWSCC. The corrosion tests of 304 stainless steels in 2 mmol dm−3 methanol solution and 2 mmol dm−3 hydrazine solution at 320 °C were carried out under γ-ray irradiation, and the corrosion environment was evaluated. Electrochemical corrosion potential (ECP) of the stainless steels was measured during the immersion tests. The ECP values were −605 mV and −643 mV vs. SHE in 2 mmol dm−3 hydrazine solution and 2 mmol dm−3 methanol solution at 320 °C, respectively. After the immersion tests, oxide films formed on the stainless steel specimens were analyzed with scanning probe microscope and X-ray diffraction. It is concluded that from the ECP measurement and comparison with previous results corrosion environment under following conditions is similar: (1) DH 1.5 ppm without irradiation, (2) methanol 2.9 ppm without irradiation, (3) hydrazine 2 mmol dm−3 under γ-ray irradiation and (4) methanol 2 mmol dm−3 under γ-ray irradiation. During the immersion tests, the test waters were sampled several times, and analyzed, in order to understand radiolysis of the methanol solution and the hydrazine solution at 320 °C. Hydrazine is decomposed predominantly through thermal decomposition, and an ammonia molecule is formed from a hydrazine molecule. Formaldehyde and ethylene glycol were detected in the methanol solution. But, carboxylates were not detected. The present results do not demonstrate oxidation of methanol to CO or CO2. It is pointed out that irradiation experiments of higher absorbed dose are necessary.
Influences of ambient gases upon emission characteristics of Mo-FEAs during frit sealing process (2002)

The influences of ambient gases on the packaging of Spindt-type Mo-field emitter arrays (FEAs) in the atmoshere were studied through electrical field emission characteristics and Mo surface analysis according to various ambient gases (N/sub 2/, Ar and air). Also electrical field emission characteristics in an ultra high vacuum chamber and Mo surface analysis were performed after breaking the sealing lines to expose the FEAs. We can obtain increased electron emission current for each pixel by using Ar gas when compared with other gases during frit process.
Slab delivery of incoherent pump light to double-clad fiber amplifiers: numerical simulations (2004)

Compact fiber amplifiers with tapered slab delivery of the pump are analyzed numerically. A procedure for the selection of the structural parameters of this device is presented together with a simple asymptotic estimate for the efficiency. Simulations based on the scalar paraxial beam propagation equation demonstrate the validity of this estimate.
Phenotypic and phylogenetic description of an Italian isolate of “ Microthrix parvicella ” (1997)

"Microthrix parvicella" strain RN1 was isolated from an activated sludge treatment plant in Italy using micromanipulation techniques. The strain grows as thin unbranchedfilaments which are Gram-positive with Neisser-positive granules. The isolate was characterized by analysis of the 16S rDNA which was amplified directly from cell biomass by the polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. "Microthrix parvicella" strain RN1 presents a very high similarity (100%) with another "M. parvicella" strain recently isolated in Australia, suggesting that this micro-organism, a novel, deep branching member of the actinomycetes subphylum, is the same causing the common events of bulking and foaming phenomena in activated sludge treatment plants throughout the world.
Isolation and characterization of a portal protein-DNA complex from dsDNA bacteriophage. (1992)

A portal protein-DNA complex was isolated from bacteriophage disrupted in 70% acetic acid. This treatment dissociated most of the phage structural proteins, while the portal protein ring remained attached to the highly condensed naked DNA. In the absence of a headful of DNA, the portal ring was not protected. Purification of the portal ring-DNA complex by density gradient centrifugation showed that a dsDNA fragment of about 40 bp was protected from DNase digestion by this association, suggesting it was internalized within the 140 A long, 20-40 A in diameter T4 apical channel of the ring dodecamer. A portal ring-DNA complex could be isolated from a number of phages (T4, T7, Phi29), and the end(s) of phage T7 DNA was (were) found to be preferentially associated with the ring complex.
Tissue amino acid fluxes and valine kinetics in lambs with a Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection (2003)

This study investigated the effects of parasite infection on amino acid (AA) flux in lambs fed fresh sulla (Hedysarum coronarium). Lambs were prepared with an arterio-venous preparation across the mesenteric-drained viscera (MDV), portal-drained viscera (PDV), liver, total splanchnic tissues (TSP) and hind limbs. The lambs were infected with 6000 Trichostrongylus colubriformis L3 larvae per day for 6 days (n=6) or kept as parasite-free controls (n=6) according to a completely randomised block design. On day 48 post-infection, the lambs were continuously infused for 8 h with [3,4-3H]-valine into the jugular vein (7.6 MBq/h), ρ -aminohippuric (PAH) into the mesenteric vein (0.14 mmol h-1) and indocyanin green (ICG) into the abdominal aorta (14.6 mg h-1) to measure plasma valine kinetics and flow across the TSP and hind limbs, respectively. Blood was continuously collected from the mesenteric, portal and hepatic veins, mesenteric artery and vena cava for 2 h periods throughout the infusion. Plasma was harvested and processed to measure AA, PAH and ICG concentration and valine specific radioactivity to calculate the corresponding net flux of AA and irreversible loss rate (ILR) of valine across the tissue beds. Parasite infection resulted in a reduction (P < 0.15) in feed intake and liveweight gain (LWG), but did not affect (P>0.15) nitrogen (N) retention or valine ILR across the tissue beds. Parasitic infection resulted in less total AA (TAA) being released from the MDV and PDV (P < 0.05). There was no effect of parasite infection on TAA utilisation by the liver (P>0.15). However, a net release of TAA by the TSP was observed in the control lambs, as opposed to a net uptake in the infected lambs (P < 0.10). Parasite infection had no effect on the net flux of TAA across the hind limbs (P>0.15). Valine ILR across all tissue beds was similar between treatments. Decreased TAA appearance in the portal drainage of infected lambs could be explained by the reduction in feed intake, as PDV protein turnover (estimated from valine ILR) was similar between treatments. Consequently, less TAA was released by the TSP into the peripheral circulation in the infected lambs and this could explain why LWG was impaired in these animals. However, N retention and hind limb net AA flux and protein turnover was not affected 48 days post-infection.
Coanalysis of GWAS with eQTLs reveals disease-tissue associations. (2012)

Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL), or genetic variants associated with changes in gene expression, have the potential to assist in interpreting results of genome-wide association studies (GWAS). eQTLs also have varying degrees of tissue specificity. By correlating the statistical significance of eQTLs mapped in various tissue types to their odds ratios reported in a large GWAS by the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (WTCCC), we discovered that there is a significant association between diseases studied genetically and their relevant tissues. This suggests that eQTL data sets can be used to determine tissues that play a role in the pathogenesis of a disease, thereby highlighting these tissue types for further post-GWAS functional studies.
A vector space approach to direction finding in a coherent multipath environment (1986)

The superresolution methods of spatial spectrum estimation heretofore reported are known to break down when arriving signals from different directions are coherent. It is shown here that this deficiency can be overcome by replacing the direction-of-arrival (DOA) search vector ordinarily used with a linear combination of such vectors. Particular attention is here given to extending the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) method to cover such cases. A procedure for determining the proper linear combination is presented so that determination of the separate coherent signal arrival angles involves a multidimensional search in angle only. Such a search is demonstrated for coherent two-ray and three-ray multipath environments.
Rare Earth Doped Ceria: The Complex Connection Between Structure and Properties (2018)

The need for high efficiency energy production, conversion, storage and transport is serving as a robust guide for the development of new materials. Materials with physical-chemical properties matching specific functions in devices are produced by suitably tuning the crystallographic- defect- and micro-structure of the involved phases. In this review, we discuss the case of Rare Earth doped Ceria. Due to their high oxygen diffusion coefficient at temperatures higher than ~500°C, they are very promising materials for several applications such as electrolytes for Solid Oxide Fuel and Electrolytic Cells (SOFC and SOEC, respectively). Defects are integral part of the conduction process, hence of the final application. As the fluorite structure of ceria is capable of accommodating a high concentration of lattice defects, the characterization and comprehension of such complex and highly defective materials involve expertise spanning from computational chemistry, physical chemistry, catalysis, electrochemistry, microscopy, spectroscopy, and crystallography. Results coming from different experimental and computational techniques will be reviewed, showing that structure determination (at different scale length) plays a pivotal role bridging theoretical calculation and physical properties of these complex materials.
ChemInform Abstract: ADDITION OF ORGANOMAGNESIUM HALIDES TO CARBON:CARBON BONDS, XIV. (2,2,4,4‐TETRAMETHYLCYCLOBUTYL)METHYLMAGNESIUM CHLORIDE; A STABLE CYCLOBUTYLMETHYLMAGNESIUM COMPOUND (1979)

Abstract Die Grignard‐Verbindung (V) konnte nicht durch Addition von (I) an Isobuten erhalten werden, dafür jedoch auf dem angegebenen Weg (siehe Schema).
Serum and bile biomarkers for cholangiocarcinoma (2009)

The serum levels of interleukin 6, trypsinogen, mucin-5AC, soluble fragment of cytokeratin 19 and the platelet-lymphocyte ratio have been recently shown to help in the diagnosis of CCA with, in some cases, a prognostic value. As far as bile is concerned, the ratio of pancreatic elastase/amylase, mucin-4, minichromosome maintenance replication protein and insulin-like growth factor 1 have been explored, with the insulin-like growth factor 1 biliary concentration capable of completely discriminating CCA from benign biliary disorders and pancreatic cancer. We have also discussed advances in the proteomic of serum and bile, which seem promising in identifying new markers for CCA.
Benzoic acid derivatives, acetophenones, and anti-inflammatory constituents from Melicope semecarpifolia (2008)

Melicope semecarpifolia (Merr.) T. G. Hartley (Rutaceace) is a small-to-medium-sized evergreen tree, found at low altitude in forests of Taiwan and the Philippines [1]. The roots of this plant have been used as a carminative in folk medicine [2]. In our studies of Formosan plants for in vitro anti-inflammatory activity, M. semecarpifolia was found to be an active species. Investigation of the EtOAc-soluble fraction of the fruits of M. semecarpifolia has led to the isolation of two new benzoic acid derivatives, (E)-3-acetyl-6-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyloxy)-2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (1) and (E)-3-acetyl-4-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyloxy)-2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2), and three new acetophenones, (E)-1-(5-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyloxy)-7-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromen-8-yl)ethanone (3), (E)-1-(5-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyloxy)-7-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)-2H-chromen-8-yl)ethanone (4), and (R,E)-1-(5-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyloxy)-3,7-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethylchroman-8-yl)ethanone (5), and eight known compounds (6–13). The structures of these new compounds were determined through in-depth NMR and mass-spectrometric analyses. 2-(1′-Geranyloxy)-4,6,β-trihydroxyacetophenone (8) was the most effective among the isolated compounds, with IC50 of 0.73±0.29 and 0.60±0.07µg/mL, respectively, against fMLP-induced superoxide anion generation and elastase release. This paper describes the structural elucidation of 1–5 and the anti-inflammatory activities of these compounds.