gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
WalkieTagging: Efficient video annotation method based on spoken words for smart devices (2012)

In accordance with the recent explosive growth of smart devices such as smartphones and tablet PCs, their portability enables users to receive an unprecedented level of convenience and satisfaction for watching video in hand. However, due to limited screen size and input methods of the mobile devices, users are experiencing inconvenience in order to bookmark video scenes or annotate video clips. In this paper, we propose WalkieTagging, which is an intuitive method for video annotation based on spoken words in the mobile environments. We demonstrate that users can easily tag meta-data while watching video clips on mobile phones with our proposed method. By using our proposed method, users can insert detailed annotation data including start time, duration, tags, with little effort of users. Consequently, our proposed method can improve the performance of quality of video searching, browsing, and recommending in video sharing/delivery services.
Structure and assembly of a paramyxovirus matrix protein (2012)

Many pleomorphic, lipid-enveloped viruses encode matrix proteins that direct their assembly and budding, but the mechanism of this process is unclear. We have combined X-ray crystallography and cryoelectron tomography to show that the matrix protein of Newcastle disease virus, a paramyxovirus and relative of measles virus, forms dimers that assemble into pseudotetrameric arrays that generate the membrane curvature necessary for virus budding. We show that the glycoproteins are anchored in the gaps between the matrix proteins and that the helical nucleocapsids are associated in register with the matrix arrays. About 90% of virions lack matrix arrays, suggesting that, in agreement with previous biological observations, the matrix protein needs to dissociate from the viral membrane during maturation, as is required for fusion and release of the nucleocapsid into the host's cytoplasm. Structure and sequence conservation imply that other paramyxovirus matrix proteins function similarly.
Tissue-resident macrophages as replicative niches for intracellular pathogens (2017)

Macrophages are considered a critical component of innate immunity against intracellular pathogens. Although macrophages have historically been viewed as monocyte-derived and terminally differentiated cells, recent progress has revealed that many tissue-resident macrophages are embryonically seeded, self-renewed, and perform homeostatic functions associated with M2-like activation programs. There is evidence that tissue-resident macrophages (TRMs) maintain their M2-like phenotype even in an infection-driven pro-inflammatory environment. In this regard, several intracellular pathogens are shown to exploit M2-like TRMs as replicative niches to evade pathogen-specific immunity. This knowledge provides a new perspective to understand the chronicity of infections and develop therapeutic strategies which can selectively target TRMs.
Dye laser studies using zig-zag optical cavity (1994)

We report a substantial advance in dye laser performance using a zig-zag optical cavity. This configuration drastically reduces the effects of intrapulse medium disturbances due to acoustics and thermal lensing on pulse duration, beam quality, and extraction efficiency. Laser outputs of up to 2 J were observed from Coumarin-498 dye pumped by a KrF excimer laser. The dye laser output faithfully replicates the hat-top KrF laser pump pulse over the entire 1.7-/spl mu/s pulse duration. An intrinsic laser photon conversion efficiency (Photons/sub inPhotons/sub absorbed/) of 44% was measured. When unstable resonator optics were used, beam qualities of about 2 XDL were measured.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Changes in tibial bone mass after primary cementless and revision cementless total hip arthroplasty in canine models (1991)

The purpose of this study was to examine right-left differences in tibial bone mass after unilateral (left) cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA). Of 39 dogs with THAs, 9 had primary cementless porous-coated femoral stems for 6 months and 15 had similar stems for 2 years. Five dogs had aseptically failed cemented hips, and 10 had aseptically failed cemented hips that were revised with cementless porous-coated femoral stems (5 without bone graft and 5 with autogenous bone graft). These animals were sacrificed 6 months after the revision surgery. The primary cementless dogs showed no right-left difference in tibial bone mineral content (BMC) or cortical bone cross-sectional geometry after 6 months, but after 2 years there was a distal right-left difference in BMC of 6% caused by expansion of the medullary canal in the tibia of the operated limb. Tibial BMC was more than 20% lower in the operated limb of the failed cemented dogs, approximately 15% lower in the nongrafted group, and 7% lower in the grafted group. The right-left tibial difference in BMC in the 2-year primary cementless group is most probably because of subclinical disuse of the operated limb. Among the dogs with failed cemented stems, the lower right-left difference in the two revised groups compared with the non-revised group suggests that improved limb function after cementless revision THA may cause gain of previously lost bone.
Hydrolysis Kinetics of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch in Ionic Liquids and Cellulase Integrated System (2019)

Ionic liquids (ILs) are developing as potential solvents in lignocellulose solvation, which enables cellulase accessibility into the substrate. Nevertheless, ILs could result in enzyme deactivation because of the high polarity. Therefore, developing a system of ILs-compatible cellulase (IL-E) to promote lignocellulose conversion into sugars is a challenge in ILs applications. This study used an IL-E to attain high conversion yield of sugars from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB). Cellulase (Tr-Cel) from Trichoderma reesei was stable in the ILs, 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium diethyl phosphate [EMIM]DEP and choline acetate [Cho]OAc. The inhibition and deactivation of cellulase were evaluated using the model substrate, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and EFB as a lignocellulosic material to assess the hydrolytic activity. The enzyme kinetics revealed that [Cho]OAc acted as a noncompetitive inhibitor. Additionally, [EMIM]DEP may not be considered as an inhibitor as it increases the Vmax and does not significantly affect the KM. In both cases, the study proved that IL did not result in a severe loss of cellulase activity, which is a promising outcome for one-pot hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of EMT subtype influences epithelial plasticity and mode of cell migration. (2019)

Epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) is strongly implicated in tumor cell invasion and metastasis. EMT is thought to be regulated primarily at the transcriptional level through the repressive activity of EMT transcription factors. However, these classical mechanisms have been parsed out almost exclusively in vitro, leaving questions about the programs driving EMT in physiological contexts. Here, using a lineage-labeled mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma to study EMT in vivo, we found that most tumors lose their epithelial phenotype through an alternative program involving protein internalization rather than transcriptional repression, resulting in a "partial EMT" phenotype. Carcinoma cells utilizing this program migrate as clusters, contrasting with the single-cell migration pattern associated with traditionally-defined EMT mechanisms. Moreover, many breast and colorectal cancer cell lines utilize this alternative program to undergo EMT. Collectively, these results suggest that carcinoma cells have different ways of losing their epithelial program, resulting in distinct modes of invasion and dissemination.
EC359: A First-in-Class Small-Molecule Inhibitor for Targeting Oncogenic LIFR Signaling in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2019)

Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) and its ligand LIF play a critical role in cancer progression, metastasis, stem cell maintenance, and therapy resistance. Here, we describe a rationally designed first-in-class inhibitor of LIFR, EC359, which directly interacts with LIFR to effectively block LIF/LIFR interactions. EC359 treatment exhibits antiproliferative effects, reduces invasiveness and stemness, and promotes apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines. The activity of EC359 is dependent on LIF and LIFR expression, and treatment with EC359 attenuated the activation of LIF/LIFR-driven pathways, including STAT3, mTOR, and AKT. Concomitantly, EC359 was also effective in blocking signaling by other LIFR ligands (CTF1, CNTF, and OSM) that interact at LIF/LIFR interface. EC359 significantly reduced tumor progression in TNBC xenografts and patient-derived xenografts (PDX), and reduced proliferation in patient-derived primary TNBC explants. EC359 exhibits distinct pharmacologic advantages, including oral bioavailability, and <i>in vivo</i> stability. Collectively, these data support EC359 as a novel targeted therapeutic that inhibits LIFR oncogenic signaling.<i>See related commentary by Shi et al., p. 1337</i>.
SAO in CTU decoding loop for HEVC video decoder (2013)

In this paper, we present a design for moving Sample Adaptive Offset filter (SAO) inside the Coding Tree Unit (CTU) decoding loop for High Efficiency Video Codec (HEVC) decoder. According HEVC standard & its Test Model (HM) implementation by Joint Collaborative Team - Video Coding (JCT-VC), SAO filtering operation is performed only at frame level. But majority of the applications in which low latency is a requirement, it is necessary to execute SAO filtering at CTU level along with other decoding modules. Executing SAO operation at same granularity as in other decode modules, results in better memory-bandwidth efficiency and cache performance. One other important case where in which CTU level execution of all decode modules, including SAO operation, is a strong requirement is for hardware accelerator based codecs. Suppose if any Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) to be developed for HEVC, all decode modules are very much expected to execute at same granularity. Most likely the chosen granularity would be CTU/Coding Unit (CU) level due to optimal pipeline performance. In the case of real time applications such as live streaming or video conferencing, keeping SAO filtering module at frame level is not suitable as it will drastically increase the latency and affect overall performance of the codec. In order to alleviate the problems caused by frame level SAO execution and to fulfill all above mentioned requirements, we propose a low-complexity approach to accomplish SAO operation at CTU level/loop. Our proposed method will be very efficient for pipelined architecture in multi-core scenarios. Here SAO filtering in CTU loop has been implemented for HEVC decoder and compared with SAO execution in frame level with and without a frame level pipeline for SAO in a multi-core scenario. The results lead to the conclusion that proposed method is a better alternative to executing SAO in frame level with or without frame level pipeline.
Protective Effects of Melatonin Against Aristolochic Acid-Induced Nephropathy in Mice (2019)

Melatonin, a pineal hormone, is well known to regulate the sleep–wake cycle. Besides, the hormone has been shown to display pleiotropic effects arising from its powerful anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Recent studies have reported that melatonin exerts protective effects in animal models of kidney disease. However, the potential effects of melatonin on aristolochic acid (AA)-induced nephropathy (AAN) have not yet been investigated. Here, we found that the administration of melatonin ameliorated AA-induced renal dysfunction, as evidenced by decreased plasma levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine and histopathological abnormalities such as tubular dilatation and cast formation. The upregulation of tubular injury markers after AA injection was reversed by melatonin. Melatonin also suppressed AA-induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by the downregulation of 4-hydroxynonenal and reduced level of malondialdehyde, and modulated expression of pro-oxidant and antioxidant enzymes. In addition, p53-dependent apoptosis of tubular epithelial cells, infiltration of macrophages and CD4+ T cells into damaged kidneys, and renal expression of cytokines and chemokines were inhibited by melatonin. Moreover, melatonin attenuated AA-induced tubulointerstitial fibrosis through suppression of the tumor growth factor-β/Smad signaling pathway. These results suggest that melatonin might be a potential therapeutic agent for AAN.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Different Dyes Using TiO2 with High Surface Area: A Kinetic Study (2013)

Nanocrystalline TiO2 was synthesized by using one step sol-gel method and characterized by SEM, XRD and EDS. UV-Vis spectroscopic technique has been used for studying the photocatalytic degradation kinetics of methylene blue (MB) and congo red (CR). A comparative study with commercial TiO2 (P25) was also done to find out the effectiveness of this synthesized TiO2. The synthesized TiO2 exhibited a high photocatalytic activity for the degradation of MB and CR but the commercial TiO2 was more efficient.Keywords: Nanocrystalline TiO2; Methylene Blue; Congo Red; Photocatalytic degradation kinetics.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i2.11641 J. Sci. Res. 5 (2), xxx-xxx (2013)
Developing the Second Generation of Improvised Explosive Device Detector Dog (2013)

Abstract : A number of approaches have been used to detect the presence of Improvised Explosive Devices before they detonate. One option taken by the U.S. Marine Corps has been the deployment of improvised explosive device detection dogs (IDDs). The IDD program relies on unique off-leash dog and handler teams, and uses hunt-bloodline, field-trial trained Labrador Retrievers exclusively. The research described in this report represents an important multidisciplinary effort to better characterize stress responses, cognition, and olfaction in Labrador Retrievers, drawing on the expertise of North Carolina State University (NCSU) College of Veterinary Medicine (CVM) scientists with research and clinical backgrounds in veterinary behavior, nasal toxicology, laboratory animal medicine, olfaction, and behavioral sciences. Research was performed in controlled laboratory experiments and field studies and consisted of ten distinct research phases Phase I. Evaluation of the USMC Emotional Reactivity Test Phase II. Development of an Open Field Anxiety Test Phase III. Object Discrimination Phase IV. Delayed Non Match to Position (DNMP) Phase V. Olfactory Discrimination Phase VI. Cognitive Bias Phase VII. Application of Remote Telemetry to a Novel Open Field Test of Olfaction Phase VIII. The Role of Olfactory Priming on the Detection of C4 Phase IX. Soil Depth and its Impact on Odor Detection in Dogs Phase X. Pilot Studies Examining Proton Pump Inhibitor Effects on Canine Olfaction This work resulted in an improved understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of the Emotional Reactivity Test (ERT), a primary tool used by the USMC to select candidate IDDs. Our research identified areas where the ERT was a highly effective test instrument, but also showed that the ERT was less effective as a tool for screening dogs for cognitive or olfactory abilities.
Contact Lens Practice, 2nd Edition (2010)

Thoroughly revised and updated, this popular book provides a comprehensive yet easy to read guide to modern contact lens practice. Beautifully re-designed in a clean, contemporary layout, this second edition presents relevant and up-to-date information in a systematic manner, with a logical flow of subject matter from front to back.

This book wonderfully captures the ‘middle ground’ in the contact lens field … somewhere between a dense research-based tome and a basic fitting guide. As such, it is ideally suited for both students and general eye care practitioners who require a practical, accessible and uncluttered account of the contact lens field.

Contents

Part 1 Introduction
Historical perspective.
The anterior eye
Visual optics
Clinical instruments

Part 2 Soft contact lenses
Soft lens materials
Soft lens manufacture
Soft lens optics
Soft lens measurement
Soft lens design and fitting
Soft toric lens design and fitting
Soft lens care systems

Part 3 Rigid contact lenses
Rigid lens materials
Rigid lens manufacture
Rigid lens optics
Rigid lens measurement
Rigid lens design and fitting
Rigid toric lens design and fitting
Rigid lens care systems

Part 4 Lens replacement modalities
Unplanned lens replacement
Daily soft lens replacement
Planned soft lens replacement
Planned rigid lens replacement
 
Part 5 Special lenses and fitting considerations
Scleral lenses
Tinted lenses
Presbyopia
Continuous wear
Sport
Keratoconus
High ametropia
Paediatric fitting
Therapeutic applications
Post-refractive Surgery
Post-keratoplasty
Orthokeratology
Diabetes

Part 6 Patient examination and management
History taking
Preliminary examination
Patient education
Aftercare
Complications
Digital imaging
Compliance
Practice management

Appendices
Index
Aza‐Wittig‐Supported Synthesis of the A Ring of Nosiheptide (2009)

The correct structural formula of compound 5 in Scheme 1 of this Communication appears below. The authors apologize for this oversight. 1
BigDatasetGAN: Synthesizing ImageNet with Pixel-wise Annotations (2022)

Annotating images with pixel-wise labels is a time consuming and costly process. Recently, DatasetGAN [78] showcased a promising alternative - to synthesize a large labeled dataset via a generative adversarial network (GAN) by exploiting a small set of manually labeled, GAN generated images. Here, we scale DatasetGAN to ImageNet scale of class diversity. We take image samples from the class-conditional generative model BigGAN [5] trained on ImageNet, and manually annotate only 5 images per class, for all 1k classes. By training an effective feature segmentation architecture on top of BigGAN, we turn Big GAN into a labeled dataset generator. We further show that VQGAN [18] can similarly serve as a dataset generator, leveraging the already annotated data. We create a new ImageNet benchmark by labeling an additional set of real images and evaluate segmentation performance in a variety of settings. Through an extensive ablation study, we show big gains in leveraging a large generated dataset to train different supervised and self-supervised backbone models on pixel-wise tasks. Furthermore, we demonstrate that using our synthesized datasets for pre-training leads to improvements over standard ImageNet pre-training on several downstream datasets, such as PASCAL-VOC, MS-COCO, Cityscapes and chest X-ray, as well as tasks (detection, segmentation). Our benchmark will be made public and maintain a leaderboard for this challenging task. Project Page: https://nv-tlabs.github.io/big-datasetgan/
Word2Vec applied to Recommendation: Hyperparameters Matter (2018)

Skip-gram with negative sampling, a popular variant of Word2vec originally designed and tuned to create word embeddings for Natural Language Processing, has been used to create item embeddings with successful applications in recommendation. While these fields do not share the same type of data, neither evaluate on the same tasks, recommendation applications tend to use the same already tuned hyperparameters values, even if optimal hyperparameters values are often known to be data and task dependent. We thus investigate the marginal importance of each hyperparameter in a recommendation setting through large hyperparameter grid searches on various datasets. Results reveal that optimizing neglected hyperparameters, namely negative sampling distribution, number of epochs, subsampling parameter and window-size, significantly improves performance on a recommendation task, and can increase it by an order of magnitude. Importantly, we find that optimal hyperparameters configurations for Natural Language Processing tasks and Recommendation tasks are noticeably different.
FFT-Based Position Estimation in Switched Reluctance Motor Drives (2014)

Position estimation that uses only active phase voltage and current is presented, to perform high accuracy position sensorless control of a SRM drive. By extracting the amplitude of the first switching harmonic terms of phase voltage and current for a PWM period through Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), the flux-linkage and position are estimated without external hardware circuitry, such as a modulator and demodulator, which result in increased cost, as well as large position estimation error, produced when the motional back EMF is ignored near zero speed. A two-phase SRM drive system, consisting of an asymmetrical converter and a conventional closed-loop PI current controller, is utilized to validate the performance of the proposed position estimation scheme in comprehensive operating conditions. It is shown that the estimated values very closely track the actual values, in dynamic simulations and experiments.
C-Alkylation of Methyl leuco-6-Deoxykermesate by Aldol Reactions and its Application to Synthesis of Carminic Acid (1998)

In a non-aqueous medium in the presence of piperidinium acetate, methyl leuco-6-deoxykermesate reacts in aldol fashion with aldehydes regioselectively to give 6-alkyl products while under aqueous alkaline conditions over a prolonged time, 7-alkyl compounds are selectively formed; the structures of the 6-alkyl series was confirmed by an X-ray crystal structure determination of the 6-methyl member, namely methyl 3,5,8-trihydroxy-1,6-dimethylanthra-9,10-quinone-2-carboxylate; in aqueous alkaline conditions during a short mild reaction period, intermediate 7-α-hydroxyalkyl compounds can be isolated, and in an application to a synthesis of 6-deoxycarminic acid, the aldol reaction of 2,3,4,5,6-penta-O-benzyl-D-glucose with methyl leuco-6-deoxykermesate was examined.
Release from speech-on-speech masking in a front-and-back geometry (2009)

Informational masking of a target female talker by female distracters was measured with target and distracters presented from directly in front of the listener as a baseline condition. Next, it was found that if the distracters were also presented from directly in back of the listener, advanced or delayed by a few milliseconds with respect to the distracters in front, release from informational masking occurred. Release from informational masking was found for all delays within the Haas region of +/-50 ms, with peak release of about 3.5 dB. This peak occurred for a delay of +/-2 ms and it was shown to be the result of delay-and-add filtering. Release from energetic masking was also found, but only for delays of +/-0.5 ms or less.
Tidal Forecasting Based on ARIMA-LSTM Neural Network (2021)

In order to improve the accuracy of tidal forecasting, a neural network deep learning method is proposed, which combines LSTM with ARIMA to predict the tidal height. ARIMA-LSTM model also uses the prediction value of harmonic analysis as the factor, and then considers the wind speed and sea water temperature to predict. Firstly, the strong nonlinear relationship ability of LSTM is used to predict, and then the data is linearly fitted and predicted through ARIMA model, so this step can be regarded as the linearization process of error. The experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the method, and obtain good simulation results, which verify that the prediction accuracy of the model is high and that of the traditional method.