gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a Phenytoin Dosage Regimen Design and Adjustment Computer Program (1989)

Summary: A computer program for phenytoin (PHT) dosing was developed containing seven different menus: two for drug-naive patients, one using an empirical equation, the other using means for Vmax and Km; two for patients in whom either one or two dose rates and steady-state concentrations are available; two for patients with hypoalbuminemia, and uremia, respectively; and one menu that optimizes Vmax and Km from available steady-state concentrations. The program accepts or converts PHT and sodium PHT, and makes blood level correction for the concomitant administration of 25 different drugs. The evaluation of the program was done by retrospective analysis using data from three study pools: group I involved 47 patients from the University Hospital, group II relied upon 29 patient data supplied from a collaborative Veterans Administration study, and group III involved 26 patients from the Children's Hospital. Predictions were made and compared with found data to be within a range of ± 15, 20, or 25%. For study group III, many individual blood samples were <8 μg ml−1; hence, saturation kinetics may not have been involved. It is suspected that saturation kinetics in infants may begin at higher levels. Compliance seems to still be a major problem in PHT monitoring and dosage regimen adjustment. Accepting the data as they are, using one or two dose rates with the corresponding blood concentrations resulted overall in 73-86% achieving blood levels within ± 25% of the predicted value.
Interleukin-7 in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: An extrinsic factor supporting leukemogenesis? (2005)

The malignant transformation and expansion of tumor cells involve both cell-autonomous mechanisms and microenvironment signals that regulate viability, nutrient utilization, metabolic activity and cell growth. In T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), the co-culture of leukemic cells with stroma or the addition of particular cytokines prevents ex vivo spontaneous apoptosis. Interleukin-7 (IL-7), a cytokine produced by thymic and bone marrow stroma, increases the viability and proliferation of T-ALL cells. IL-7 induces the activation of Jak/STAT, MEK/Erk and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in T-ALL cells. PI3K/Akt is the dominant pathway that mediates the effects of IL-7 on T-ALL. PI3K signaling is required for the induction of Bcl-2, the down-regulation of p27(kip1) and cell cycle progression. PI3K signaling is also required for the expression of the glucose transporter Glut1, uptake of glucose, activation of the metabolic machinery, increase in cell size, and maintenance of mitochondrial integrity. These observations suggest that substrates of molecular pathways activated by microenvironmental factors represent attractive molecular targets for the regulation of the viability and proliferation of T-ALL cells and provide the means for the development of novel treatment strategies.
Accountable certificate management using undeniable attestations (2000)

This paper initiates a study of accountable certificate management methods, necessary to support long-term authenticity of digital documents. Our main contribution is a model for accountable certificate management, where clients receive attestations confirming inclusion/removal of their certificates from the database of valid certificates. We explain why accountability depends on the inability of the third parties to create contradictory attestations. After that we define an undeniable attester as a primitive that provides efficient attestation creation, publishing and verification, so that it is intractable to create contradictory attestations. We introduce authenticated search trees and build an efficient undeniable attester upon them. The proposed system is the first accountable long-term certificate management system. Moreover, authenticated search trees can be used in many security-critical applications instead of the (sorted) hash trees to reduce trust in the authorities, without decrease in efficiency. Therefore, the undeniable attester promises looks like a very useful cryptographic primitive with a wide range of applications.
Antifungal activity of Juniperus essential oils against dermatophyte, Aspergillus and Candida strains (2006)

Results support that essential oils or some of their constituents may be useful in the clinical management of fungal infections, justifying future clinical trials to validate their use as therapeutic alternatives for dermatophytosis.
Influence of H2- or Co-Phthalocyanine Impregnation of Pt/C and Pd/C Catalysts on Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation (2009)

H2- and Co-phthalocyanines were impregnated on commercial Pt/C and Pd/C catalysts to determine whether this improved their catalytic activity toward formic acid oxidation. Heat-treatments of these phthalocyanine-impregnated catalysts were also performed in Ar atmosphere for 30 min at different temperatures (300, 600, and 950{degree sign}C). The adsorption of phthalocyanine at the surface of Pd/C decreases the activity of this catalyst, but improves that of Pt/C. The greatest improvement in activity was obtained with Co-phthalocyanine impregnated on Pt/C without heat-treatment, whereby the rate of dehydrogenation of formic acid at low potential was drastically increased and thus moved Pt activity closer to that of Pd. Pyrolysis of these phthalocyanine-impregnated catalysts did not improve their activity.
Home networking with IEEE 802.15.4: a developing standard for low-rate wireless personal area networks (2002)

This article presents the IEEE 802.15.4 draft standard and its home networking applications. The main features of the standard are network flexibility, low cost, and low power consumption; the standard is suitable for many applications in the home requiring low-data-rate communications in an ad hoc self-organizing network.
P864Septal work is a more sensitive marker of myocardial dysfunction in dyssynchrony than strain (2018)

icantly lower among debutant schizophrenia in comparison to chronic schizophrenia (172% vs. 193%, P<0.001). No significant difference in dyssynchrony was observed between the two groups. Conclusion: Duration of schizophrenia had no significant deleterious impact on the myocardial function assessed by echocardiography. Our study findings suggest that echocardiography is not recommended as a screening tool for risk assessment of increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with schizophrenia.
Aspectos gerais da mortalidade de mulheres após a idade reprodutiva no Conjunto Hospitalar de Sorocaba (2011)

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the causes of death during climaterial and older age in women in a high complexity tertiary hospital. Methods: a descriptive retrospective observational study of medical dossier from 50-year old or older females, deceased in CHS from January/2006 to December/2007. The variables studied were: age, direct (first) or indirect (secondary) care, city of origin, type of treatment (clinical or surgical), general state during hospital care (good, fairly good or bad). Medical histories, basic causes of death and associated illnesses were studied. Results: 745 women older than 49 years died, being death more common among those between 70-79 years old (p= 0.2633), those coming from neighbor cities of Sorocaba (p= 0.0123) and those in bad general survival conditions during hospital care (p= 0.0123). The main causes of death were: cardiovascular (41,10%), malignant neoplasm (21.20%) and digestive maladies (10.30%). Assistance was higher for those without previous treatment (63.10%). Conclusion: the health programs for women are so far incomplete. Female heath during post-reproductive age demands thorough care and public responsibility guided by the population's best interests. Support: PIBIC-CEPE.
Planar type probe with multiple-polarization response for in-vivo permittivity measurements of heterogeneous biological tissues (2005)

A three-way planar-type probe optimized for in-vivo permittivity measurements of biological materials has been developed. The probe in this letter consists of three orthogonally-faced probing apertures, which allows one to make accurate and uninterrupted measurements in three different directions per each insertion. As a result, this probe is significantly less invasive for the collection of the desired information of the biological materials, thus providing a vastly improved solution for in-vivo measurements. This probe can also be used for microwave ablation, in which case the treating region can be significantly expanded.
On the level lines and geometry of vector-valued images (2000)

In this letter, we extend the concept of level lines of scalar images to vector-valued data. Consistent with the scalar case, we define the level-lines of vector-valued images as the integral curves of the directions of minimal vectorial change. This direction, and the magnitude of the change, are computed using classical Riemannian geometry. As an example of the use of this new concept, we show how to visualize the basic geometry of vector-valued images with a scalar image.
Inhibitory Effects of Pisiferic Acid on Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis (2016)

Pisiferic acid, a diterpene isolated from <i>Chamaecyparis pisifera</i>, has a chemical structure similar to carnosic acid, which has antioxidant activity and exerts various biological effects such as antibiotic and antiangiogenic activity. However, the effect of pisiferic acid on angiogenesis, which is involved in various diseases including cancer and diabetic retinopathy, has not been elucidated. We found that pisiferic acid inhibited angiogenesis and suppressed human umbilical vein endothelial cell tube formation and proliferation but had no effect on human umbilical vein endothelial cell chemotaxis. Furthermore, in lymphangiogenesis assays, pisiferic acid inhibited lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic endothelial cell tube formation and proliferation. Together, these results suggest pisiferic acid to be a useful natural compound, such as carnosic acid, with beneficial effects on angiogenesis- and lymphangiogenesis-related diseases.
Hardware self-tuning and circuit performance monitoring (2002)

Self-tuning is a new clocking methodology borrowing heavily from both the synchronous and self-timed disciplines. A self-tuned system has an adjustable clock and measurement logic. During the tuning process the adjustable clock is made to run faster and faster until before the system fails. After tuning and during operation each cycle is measured and, if a failure is imminent, the system is retuned. During the tuning phase test vectors-either hardware embedded or software-select near maximum speed for a particular instance of the system. As self-tuning is predicated on self-test, it is essential to build in self-test features. These same self-test features are useful in circuit level performance monitoring. Two extremes on the continuum of self-tuning are discussed: at one extreme is purely hardware self-tuning and at the other, nearly purely software. Data is given from an experimental self-tuned primary memory indicating 70 ns access time DRAM can be operated at 45 ns or less.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Vision-based user tracking for outdoor augmented reality (2012)

This paper examines the use of vision-based localization techniques for indoor environments in outdoor environments. A new method is presented for robust data association and finding camera trajectory; based on these, a simple augmented reality game is implemented.
Dual Stimuli-Responsive Comb Polymers from Modular N-Acylated Poly(aminoester)-Based Macromonomers (2016)

We report the synthesis of dual-responsive <i>N</i>-acylated poly(aminoester) (NPAE)-based comb polymers with varying molecular composition and monomer sequence via a combination of spontaneous zwitterionic copolymerization and redox-initiated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RRAFT) polymerization. NPAE macromonomers were synthesized from different nucleophilic (M<sub>N</sub>), for example, 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline (EtOx) or 2-ethyl-2-oxazine (EtOz), and electrophilic monomers (M<sub>E</sub>), for example, acrylic acid (AA) or 2-carboxyethyl acrylate (CEA), to tune the hydrophilicity and sequence of the systems. The latter was found to influence the thermal properties and stability of the respective comb polymers. Turbidity investigations in aqueous solution revealed a dual-responsive behavior of the comb polymers being responsive to both temperature and pH changes due to ω-carboxylic end groups of the NPAE-based macromonomers. Additional methylene groups in the NPAE backbone rendered the corresponding systems more hydrophobic and, hence, decreased the cloud point temperatures and, at the same time, increased the pH values (at constant temperature) at which the polymer phase separates from the aqueous solution.
Tunable Piezoresistivity from Magnetically Aligned Ni(Core)@Ag(Shell) Particles in an Elastomer Matrix (2019)

Core-shell (Ni@Ag) particles are aligned through the thickness of a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) film using a magnetic field in a continuous roll-to-roll process. The alignment of the particles dramatically decreases the percolation threshold for electrical conductivity through the thickness of the film by nearly an order of magnitude from 28 vol % without the field to ≈1 vol % with a 52 mT magnetic field during curing. However, the magnetic forces lead to rough surface topography for intermediate Ni@Ag loadings, but confining the Ni@Ag/PDMS composite by a glass constraint provides a smooth surface. This difference in geometry changes the morphology of the vertically aligned "chains" of Ni@Ag particles where the chains are more aggregated when the film is unconstrained. As the Ni@Ag concentration is decreased below 3.6% for the constrained film, breaks in the aligned particles evident from X-ray tomography lead to pressure sensitive resistance across that film with a large decrease in resistance above a threshold pressure. The threshold pressure is demonstrated to be controllable from ≈15 to ≈290 kPa through the loading of aligned Ni@Ag in the PDMS, but this threshold pressure decreases on cyclic loading. These magnetically aligned composites represent a facile route to mechanically responsive films that could be used in a variety of applications where cyclic loading above and below the threshold pressure is not required, such as disposable pressure sensors for ensuring reliability of products through transportation and embedded structural health monitoring for identifying critical displacements.
Concentric-ring electrode systems for noninvasive detection of single motor unit activity (2001)

New recording techniques for detecting surface electromyographic (EMG) signals based on concentric-ring electrodes are proposed in this paper. A theoretical study of the two-dimensional (2-D) spatial transfer function of these recording systems is developed both in case of rings with a physical dimension and in case of line rings. Design criteria for the proposed systems are presented in relation to spatial selectivity. It is shown that, given the radii of the rings, the weights of the spatial filter can be selected in order to improve the rejection of low spatial frequencies, thus increasing spatial selectivity. The theoretical transfer functions of concentric systems are obtained and compared with those of other detection systems. Signals detected with the ring electrodes and with traditional one-dimensional and 2-D systems are compared. The concentric-ring systems show higher spatial selectivity with respect to the traditional detection systems and reduce the problem of electrode location since they are invariant to rotations. The results shown are very promising for the noninvasive detection of single motor unit (MU) activities and decomposition of the surface EMG signal into the constituent MU action potential trains.
Experimental Investigation of Process Conditions in Injection Stretch Blow Moulding (2007)

Various processing parameters influence the final product properties in the stretch blow moulding process. These properties are highly dependent on the balance between the stretching of the polymer and blowing times as well as the level of the pressure inside the bottle. A data acquisition system capable of accurately measuring the process conditions within an industrial environment is discussed. Experimental work has been conducted on an industrial stretch blow moulding machine by means of replacing the original stretch rod with one that contains a force cell and a pressure transducer. Correlation between the stretching force, displacement of the rod and the pressure inside the bottle give a better understanding of the process and should allow a more precise final element simulation of the process to be developed.
<title>Nonexponential decay of room-temperature phosphorescence: evidence for several slowly interconverting or static protein conformers</title> (1994)

The phosphorescence decays of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase (LADH) Trp314, E. coli alkaline phosphatase (AP) Trp109, and B. stearothermophilus phosphofructokinase (PFK) Trp179 are decidedly nonexponential at room temperature. When the data is analyzed using the maximum entropy method (MEM) the AP phosphorescence decay is dominated by a single gaussian distribution while for LADH and PFK the data reveals at least two amplitude packets. The MEM lifetime-normalized widths for these proteins are significantly larger than obtained for the model monoexponential chromophore terbium suggesting that the complex kinetics is intrinsic to the protein. Since the phosphorescence lifetime of a tryptophan residue is related to its microviscosity, the nonexponential decay behavior may imply that the phosphorescing tryptophan residue in each of these samples is best described as existing in at least two states of different local rigidity which interconvert more slowly than the time scale of the phosphorescence decay (0.1 to 1.0 sec). The existence of multiple, long-lived, conformers is further supported by the observation that the phosphorescence lifetime in the LADH sample is excitation wavelength dependent.
Possible role of human lymphocyte receptor for IgE (CD23) or its soluble fragments in the in vitro synthesis of human IgE. (1988)

The present study demonstrates that human rIL-4 is capable of inducing the secretion of IgE by PBMC. At a concentration of 200 U/ml, an IgE response was observed in 11/26 cultures of PBMC from normal donors and in 12/15 cultures from allergic individuals. The same rIL-4-stimulated cells released significant amounts of IgE-binding factors (IgE-BF) in their culture supernatant. These IgE-BF were shown for the first time to bind simultaneously to some mAb against Fc epsilon R II (mAbER) and to soluble IgE. The lack of correlation between the rIL-4-induced secretion of IgE-BF and IgE indicates that the production of IgE-BF or the expression of Fc epsilon R II is not the only factor involved in the induction of IgE synthesis by rIL-4. However, the observation that mAbER suppressed the rIL-4-induced IgE synthesis strongly suggests that either Fc epsilon R II or IgE-BF are necessary for an IgE response. Finally, the spontaneous in vitro synthesis of IgE by enriched B cell preparations isolated from atopic donors was suppressed in an isotype-specific manner by the same mAbER or by their F(ab')2 fragments. These observations suggest that the ongoing IgE synthesis by in vivo pre-activated B cells is also regulated by IgE-BF or Fc epsilon R II. It is concluded that Fc epsilon R II or IgE-BF play an essential role both in the induction of IgE synthesis by normal B cells and in the ongoing IgE synthesis by in vivo activated B cells from allergic donors.
Photogeneration of Charge Carriers in Tetracene (1966)

The photocurrent and photovoltage of tetracene single crystals with aqueous electrodes were studied as a function of the excitation wavelength in the 220–560-mμ region. The fluorescence efficiency of these crystals was studied in the same wavelength region. At wavelengths longer than 410 mμ, the photocurrent is due to injection of holes at the illuminated electrode. A bulk-generated (electron) photocurrent is shown to be produced with excitation energies in excess of 3 eV, i.e., at wavelengths less than 410 mμ. The relative fluorescence efficiency Φ(λ) begins to decrease with decreasing wavelengths at 410 mμ. The drop in Φ(λ) at excitation energies greater than 3 eV is attributed to the appearance of a nonradiative competitive process. This process involves mostly the formation of nonconducting and nonfluorescent (or weakly fluorescent) charge-transfer states. Formation of separated charges with low quantum efficiency (φi≲5.10−3) also occurs which gives rise to the observed bulk-generated negative current. Since this current appears only for excitation energies ≳3 eV, we associate this value with the smallest band gap for conductivity in tetracene. The wavelength dependence of the bulk-generated negative photocurrent is related to varying probabilities of transition from the different excited electronic states of the crystal to ionized states. The positive hole current is mostly due to the diffusion of the lowest-energy singlet excitons to the surface and their dissociation at the electrode. The wavelength dependence of this current can be adequately described by a diffusion equation and an exciton diffusion length of 2000 Å is calculated from the experimental data and this equation. The wavelength dependence of the photovoltage is strongly dependent on the negative charge density and exhibits minima in wavelength regions where this density is highest.
Development of a rat model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis expressing a human SOD1 transgene (2005)

Mutations in copper-zinc superoxide dismutase gene (SOD1) have been linked to some familial cases of ALS. We report here that rats that express a human SOD1 transgene with two different ALS-associated mutations (G93A and H46R) develop striking motor neuron degeneration and paralysis. By comparing the two transgenic rats with different SOD1 mutations, we demonstrate that the time course in these rats was similar to human SOD1-mediated familial ALS. As in the human disease and transgenic ALS mice, pathological analysis shows selective loss of motor neurons in the spinal cords of these transgenic rats. In addition, typical neuronal Lewy body-like hyaline inclusions as well as astrocytic hyaline inclusions identical to those in human familial ALS are observed in the spinal cords. The larger size of this rat model as compared with the ALS mice will facilitate studies involving manipulations of spinal fluid (implantation of intrathecal catheters for chronic therapeutic studies; CSF sampling) and spinal cord (e.g., direct administration of viral- and cell-mediated therapies).
Microfracture in the Hip (2015)

This study showed that patients undergoing microfracture during hip arthroscopy had equivalent PRO scores compared with the control group at 2 years postoperatively. The change in PRO scores from preoperatively to 2 years postoperatively was significantly lower in the microfracture group compared with the control group. The VAS scores and satisfaction were inferior by 0.81 and 0.84 units, respectively, in the microfracture group compared with the control group, likely due to lack of full-thickness chondral defects in the latter. However, both groups showed significant improvement in all PRO scores after surgery, with no significant difference in final PRO scores.