gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physical Properties Analysis of Mango using Computer Vision (2005)

This paper describes image processing techniques that can detect, segment, and analyze the mango's physical properties such as size, shape, surface area, and color from images. First, images of mangoes taken by a digital camera are analyzed and segmented. The segmentation is done based on constructed hue model of the sample mangoes. Some morphological and filtering techniques are then applied to clean noises before fitting spline curve on the mango boundary. From the clean segmented image, the mango projected area can be computed. The shape of the mango is then analyzed using some structuring models. Color is also spatially analyzed and indexed in the database for future classification. To obtain the surface area, the mango is peeled. The scanned image of its peels is then segmented and filtered using similar approach. With calibration parameters, the surface area could then be computed. We employed the system to evaluate physical properties of a mango cultivar called Nam Dokmai. There were sixty mango samples in three various sizes graded by an experienced farmer's eyes and hands. The results show the techniques could be a good alternative and more feasible method for grading mango comparing to human's manual grading.
Chemotoxicity recovery of mitochondria in non‐Hodgkin lymphoma resulting in minimal residual disease (2008)

The recovering lymphoma cells from the chemotoxic effects appeared to compensate by increasing mtDNA content, which may contribute to the clinical residual or resistant disease in some cases of childhood BL.
Serum-free freezing media support high cell quality and excellent ELISPOT assay performance across a wide variety of different assay protocols Helene FilbertSebastian AttigNicole BidmonBernhard Y. Renard • Sylvia JanetzkiUgur SahinMarij J. P. WeltersChristian Ottensmeier • Sjoerd H. van der BurgCecile GouttefangeasCedrik M. Britten (2013)

Robust and sensitive ELISPOT protocols are commonly applied concomitant with the development of new immunotherapeutics. Despite the knowledge that individual serum batches differ in their composition and may change properties over time, serum is still commonly used in immunologic assays. Commercially available serum batches are expensive, limited in quantity and need to be pretested for suitability in immunologic assays, which is a laborious process. The aim of this study was to test whether serum-free freezing media can lead to high cell viability and favorable performance across multiple ELISPOT assay protocols. Thirty-one laboratories from ten countries participated in a proficiency panel organized by the Cancer Immunotherapy Immunoguiding Program to test the influence of different freezing media on cell quality and immunologic function. Each center received peripheral blood mononuclear cells which were frozen in three dif- ferent media. The participants were asked to quantify antigen-specific CD8? T-cell responses against model antigens using their locally established IFN-gamma ELISPOT protocols. Self-made and commercially avail- able serum-free freezing media led to higher cell viability and similar cell recovery after thawing and resting com- pared to freezing media supplemented with human serum. Furthermore, the test performance as determined by (1) background spot production, (2) replicate variation, (3) fre- quency of detected antigen-specific spots and (4) response detection rate was similar for serum and serum-free condi- tions. We conclude that defined and accessible serum-free freezing media should be recommended for freezing cells stored for subsequent ELISPOT analysis.
Airway fires in the operating room (2009)

Airway fires during anaesthesia are rare and often preventable events that can cause serious morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this review is to describe the causes of airway fires and the measures used to prevent them. The management of airway fires will also be discussed. This review is accompanied by a video able to be accessed through the ANZCA website. The video contains simulated OR fires and demonstrates the ignition of endotracheal tubes.
The Capacity Region of the Gaussian Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Broadcast Channel (2006)

The Gaussian multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) broadcast channel (BC) is considered. The dirty-paper coding (DPC) rate region is shown to coincide with the capacity region. To that end, a new notion of an enhanced broadcast channel is introduced and is used jointly with the entropy power inequality, to show that a superposition of Gaussian codes is optimal for the degraded vector broadcast channel and that DPC is optimal for the nondegraded case. Furthermore, the capacity region is characterized under a wide range of input constraints, accounting, as special cases, for the total power and the per-antenna power constraints
The combined effect of chemoprophylaxis with single dose rifampicin and immunoprophylaxis with BCG to prevent leprosy in contacts of newly diagnosed leprosy cases: a cluster randomized controlled trial (MALTALEP study) (2013)

Netherlands Trial Register: NTR3087.
An accurate digital phase measurement scheme (1984)

An accurate digital phase measurement scheme based on automatic accumulation principle is proposed. It uses a signal-dependent clock frequency and thus it measures the phase accurately at any frequency. Moreover, it is economical, since it eliminates the need for a highly stable crystal oscillator.
KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION FOR LEADERSHIP STORIES (2007)

Leadership requires making decisions and implementing the results by influencing those being lead. The Personal Access to Leadership project, PAL, is constructing tools to assist leaders in creative ways and assisting the development of leaders. The tools are knowledge-based systems employing shallow understanding of the domain. The approaches used provide guidance, but do not generate solutions. One aspect that continues under exploration in PAL is the use of stories for training and guiding leaders. In order to make such support systems work, a representation is needed to enable locating useful stories related to the task of a leader. This article defines a model for story representation for the PAL tools, called the PAL tool IdeaLab. The IdeaLab is the tool to which stories are being added, as a help system to support and extend the user's thinking.
KINETICS OF HYDROGEN ABSTRACTION FROM PROTON DONORS BY DPPH (1966)

The kinetics and energetics of the interaction of DPPH with a variety of hydroxylic compounds have been investigated by electronic and e.s.r. spectroscopy. Deuterium isotope effects on the kinetics have been examined. A model involving hydrogen bonded complexes has been suggested for the hydrogen abstraction reaction.
Genetic association between sensitivity to warfarin and expression of CYP2C9*3 (1997)

Cytochrome P4502C9 (CYP2C9) is largely responsible for terminating the anticoagulant effect of racemic warfarin via hydroxylation of the pharmacologically more potent S-enantiomer to inactive metabolites. Mutations in the CYP2C9 gene result in the expression of three allelic variants, CYP2C9*1, CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3. Both CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 exhibit altered catalytic properties in vitro relative to the wild-type enzyme. In the present study, a patient was genotyped who had proven unusually sensitive to warfarin therapy and could tolerate no more than 0.5 mg of the racemic drug/day. PCR-amplification of exons 3 and 7 of the CYP2C9 gene, followed by restriction digest or sequence analysis, showed that this individual was homozygous for CYP2C9*3. In addition, patient plasma warfarin enantiomer ratios and urinary 7-hydroxywarfarin enantiomer ratios were determined by chiral-phase high performance liquid chromotography in order to investigate whether either parameter might be of diagnostic value in place of a genotypic test. Control patients receiving 4-8 mg warfarin/day exhibited plasma S:R ratios of 0.50 +/- 0.25:1, whereas the patient on very low-dose warfarin exhibited an S:R ratio of 3.9:1. In contrast, the urinary 7-hydroxywarfarin S:R ratio of 4:1 showed the same stereoselectivity as that reported for control patients. Therefore, expression of CYP2C9*3 is associated with diminished clearance of S-warfarin and a dangerously exacerbated therapeutic response to normal doses of the racemic drug. Analysis of the plasma S:R warfarin ratio may serve as a useful alternative test to genotyping for this genetic defect.
Cancer Stem Cells: Root of the Evil (2019)

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been one of the most attractive research areas over the last two decades due to their important roles in aggressive tumor behaviors. Although CSCs are usually a small subpopulation of tumors (less than 0.1%), these cells determine the fate of cancer patients because of their roles in poor prognoses. Accumulating evidence has shown that CSCs are the major responsible cell population in tumor development, growth, metastasis, and therapy resistance. The self-renewal and differentiation capacity of CSCs contribute to the initiation and maintenance of tumor growth. Several reports indicate that CSCs share numerous molecular characteristics with mesenchymal cells, so CSCs are accepted as leading players in metastasis. In addition, these cells possess a higher intrinsic resistance to chemotherapies and radiotherapies than bulk cancer cells. Therefore, therapeutic approaches in recent years have focused on effectively targeting CSCs. Here, we have reviewed the current literature on the resistant mechanisms of CSCs, their roles in metastasis, and the roles of non-coding RNAs in the regulation of aggressive CSC characteristics and novel therapy approaches against CSCs.
Control of Spindle Position and Stiffness of Aerostatic-Bearing-Type Air Turbine Spindle (2022)

Air turbine spindles with aerostatic bearings are widely used in ultraprecision machining equipment. Ultraprecision grinding processes using air turbine spindles with aerostatic bearings include constant-pressure dry lapping of nano-polycrystalline diamond (NPD) tools and ultraviolet irradiation polishing of chemical vapor deposition diamond films. In the dry lapping of NPD tools, it is necessary to achieve constant-pressure grinding while flexibly adjusting the contact force between the NPD tool and the truer fixed on the end face of the aerostatic spindle to form a nose bite with a cutting-edge rounding radius, R, of 0.1 nm. However, it is common for operators to manually adjust the cut depth and the air pressure supplied to the aerostatic bearing by relying on the noise and rotation speed during machining. Moreover, aerostatic spindles without a control mechanism, such as active bearings, are widely used because of their low costs and versatility. For several years, the authors have been developing a method to control air bearing stiffness by controlling the bearing supply pressure with high speeds and precision using a high-precision quick response regulator for aerostatic spindles without a control mechanism, such as active bearings. In this study, the compliance control (control of spindle position and stiffness) of aerostatic bearings was investigated using the proposed method, and the effectiveness of the method to ultraprecision grinding applications was demonstrated.
Clinical utility of the Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test. (1985)

The clinical utility of the limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test was assessed with eight different body fluids from 44 different studies. The results show that the LAL test has established clinical utility for the detection of endotoxin in the presence of Gram-negative bacteria with 4 body fluids: cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), urine, cervical and urethral exudates, and ocular exudates. At this time, the data are insufficient to establish clinical utility with 4 body fluids: peripheral blood, portal blood, ascitic fluid, and synovial fluid.
Kynurenine 3‐monooxygenase mediates inhibition of Th17 differentiation via catabolism of endogenous aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands (2013)

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a key transcriptional regulator of Th17-cell differentiation. Although endogenous ligands have yet to be identified, evidence suggests that tryptophan metabolites can act as agonists for the AhR. Tryptophan metabolites are abundant in circulation, so we hypothesized that cell intrinsic factors might exist to regulate the exposure of Th17 cells to AhR-dependent activities. Here, we find that Th17 cells preferentially express kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO), which is an enzyme involved in catabolism of the tryptophan metabolite kynurenine. KMO inhibition, either with a specific inhibitor or via siRNA-mediated silencing, markedly increased IL-17 production in vitro, whereas IFN-γ production by Th1 cells was unaffected. Inhibition of KMO significantly exacerbated disease in a Th17-driven model of autoimmune gastritis, suggesting that expression of KMO by Th17 cells serves to limit their continuous exposure to physiological levels of endogenous AhR ligands in vivo.
Missing the sweet spot: one of the two N-glycans on human Gb3/CD77 synthase is expendable (2021)

Abstract N-glycosylation is a ubiquitous posttranslational modification that may influence folding, subcellular localization, secretion, solubility and oligomerization of proteins. In this study, we examined the effects of N-glycans on the activity of human Gb3/CD77 synthase, which catalyzes the synthesis of glycosphingolipids with terminal Galα1→4Gal (Gb3 and the P1 antigen) and Galα1→4GalNAc disaccharides (the NOR antigen). The human Gb3/CD77 synthase contains two occupied N-glycosylation sites at positions N 121 and N 203 . Intriguingly, we found that while the N-glycan at N 203 is essential for activity and correct subcellular localization, the N-glycan at N 121 is dispensable and its absence did not reduce, but, surprisingly, even increased the activity of the enzyme. The fully N-glycosylated human Gb3/CD77 synthase and its glycoform missing the N 121 glycan correctly localized in the Golgi, whereas a glycoform without the N 203 site partially mislocalized in the endoplasmic reticulum. A double mutein missing both N-glycans was inactive and accumulated in the endoplasmic reticulum. Our results suggest that the decreased specific activity of human Gb3/CD77 synthase glycovariants results from their improper subcellular localization and, to a smaller degree, a decrease in enzyme solubility. Taken together, our findings show that the two N-glycans of human Gb3/CD77 synthase have opposing effects on its properties, revealing a dual nature of N-glycosylation and potentially a novel regulatory mechanism controlling the biological activity of proteins.
The Synthetic Metalloproteinase Inhibitor Batimastat Suppresses Injury-Induced Phosphorylation of MAP Kinase ERK1/ERK2 and Phenotypic Modification of Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells in vitro (2000)

Smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration and proliferation are important events in the formation of intimal lesions associated with atherosclerosis and restenosis following balloon angioplasty. The extracellular matrix has important functions in modulating SMC structure and function, but less is known about the role of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their endogenous tissue inhibitors. The present study investigates the effects of the synthetic MMP inhibitor batimastat (BB94) on vascular SMCs. As experimental model, rat aortic smooth muscle cells in primary and secondary cultures were employed. Electron microscopy was used to investigate the effects of BB94 on the overall phenotypic properties of the cells. Induction of DNA synthesis and migration was studied by thymidine autoradiography and counting of cells moving into an injured zone. Gelatin zymography was used for the detection of BB94-mediated inhibition of injury-induced MMP activity. Phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK1/ERK2, two potential mediators of the injury-induced activation of the cells, was measured by Western blotting. The results show that BB94 restrained the phenotypic modulation of vascular SMCs in primary cultures and suppressed injury-induced DNA synthesis and migration. Moreover, the upregulation of ERK1/ERK2 phosphorylation in injured secondary cultures and in cells treated with bFGF was markedly reduced by BB94, whereas TIMP-2 lacked a clear effect. Our data suggest that BB94 inhibits injury-induced activation of vascular SMCs by acting on MMPs as well as other targets.
Synthesis and microbiological evaluations of (N-heteroaryl) arylmethanamines and their Schiff bases. (1996)

The synthesis as well as the antimicrobial and antiviral activities of new (N-heteroaryl)arylmethanamines and their Schiff bases are reported. None of the tested compounds shown activity against Herpes simplex virus type 2 and against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Weak or moderate activity on poliovirus Sabin type 1, on reverse transcriptase and against Cryptococcus neoformans was shown by some of the tested compounds. Viceversa several synthesized compounds exhibited a moderate or good activity against strains of Candida albicans, while only some of the tested compounds were found moderately active against strains of Candida sp. Instead numerous new compounds 3 or 4 were active as control against isolates of plant pathogenic fungi. The obtained results are discussed on the basis of structure-activity relationships.
Multi-crystal native-SAD phasing at 5 keV with a helium environment (2022)

<i>De novo</i> structure determination from single-wavelength anomalous diffraction using native sulfur or phospho-rus in biomolecules (native-SAD) is an appealing method to mitigate the labor-intensive production of heavy-atom derivatives and seleno-methio-nyl substitutions. The native-SAD method is particularly attractive for membrane proteins, which are difficult to produce and often recalcitrant to grow into decent-sized crystals. Native-SAD uses lower-energy X-rays to enhance anomalous signals from sulfur or phospho-rus. However, at lower energies, the scattering and absorption of air contribute to the background noise, reduce the signals and are thus adverse to native-SAD phasing. We have previously demonstrated native-SAD phasing at an energy of 5 keV in air at the NSLS-II FMX beamline. Here, the use of a helium path developed to reduce both the noise from background scattering and the air absorption of the diffracted X-ray beam are described. The helium path was used for collection of anomalous diffraction data at 5 keV for two proteins: thaumatin and the membrane protein TehA. Although anomalous signals from each individual crystal are very weak, robust anomalous signals are obtained from data assembled from micrometre-sized crystals. The thaumatin structure was determined from 15 microcrystals and the TehA structure from 18 microcrystals. These results demonstrate the usefulness of a helium environment in support of native-SAD phasing at 5 keV.
A feasibility study of time‐lapse seismic monitoring using stochastic reservoir models (1999)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1999A feasibility study of time‐lapse seismic monitoring using stochastic reservoir modelsAuthors: Sung H. YuhKari NordaasRichard L. GibsonJr.Akhil Datta‐GuptaSung H. YuhTexas A&M University, Kari NordaasTexas A&M University, Richard L. GibsonTexas A&M University, and Akhil Datta‐GuptaTexas A&M Universityhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820851 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820851FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1999ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1999 Pages: 2061 publication data© 1999 Copyright © 1999 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 04 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Sung H. Yuh, Kari Nordaas, Richard L. Gibson, and Akhil Datta‐Gupta, (1999), "A feasibility study of time‐lapse seismic monitoring using stochastic reservoir models," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1663-1666. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820851 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride and the processibility of poly(vinyl chloride) (1989)

Abstract The most important technological procedure in the production of PVC is the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride, as processibility of the polymer may be influenced to a considerable extent by the choice of polymerization conditions. Structure heterogeneities in PVC powders manifest themselves in plasticized PVC by the occurrence of “fish eye” particles. This review concerns the formation and properties of these particles and discusses the causes of their difficult processibility. Also, the relation between polymerization process and PVC dehydrochlorination is discussed and a new mechanism of its initiation based on the reactivity of cisoid enone structures is proposed. These structures catalyze elimination of hydrogen chloride from regular units of PVC by an interchain enzyme‐like mechanism giving rise to chloroallyl structures.
3J1024 Microfluidics and DNA nanotechnology toward the construction of nonequilibrium artificial cells(3J Bioengineering 1,The 49th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan) (2011)

Unique Segment Pajrs (USPs), the sequences that rnake a perfect match only with their complernentary strands.USPs were setected by a program "T-GUSP" which we wrote in C. T-GUSP mainly consisted ef two modulcs,
Vps27-Hse1 and ESCRT-I complexes cooperate to increase efficiency of sorting ubiquitinated proteins at the endosome (2003)

Ubiquitin (Ub) attachment to cell surface proteins causes their lysosomal degradation by incorporating them into lumenal membranes of multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Two yeast endosomal protein complexes have been proposed as Ub-sorting "receptors," the Vps27-Hse1 complex and the ESCRT-I complex. We used NMR spectroscopy and mutagenesis studies to map the Ub-binding surface for Vps27 and Vps23. Mutations in Ub that ablate only Vps27 binding or Vps23 binding blocked the ability of Ub to serve as an MVB sorting signal, supporting the idea that both the Vps27-Hse1 and ESCRT-I complexes interact with ubiquitinated cargo. Vps27 also bound Vps23 directly via two PSDP motifs present within the Vps27 COOH terminus. Loss of Vps27-Vps23 association led to less efficient sorting into the endosomal lumen. However, sorting of vacuolar proteases or the overall biogenesis of the MVB were not grossly affected. In contrast, disrupting interaction between Vps27 and Hse1 caused severe defects in carboxy peptidase Y sorting and MVB formation. These results indicate that both Ub-sorting complexes are coupled for efficient recognition of ubiquitinated cargo.
Pulmonary vascular resistance and compliance stay inversely related during treatment of pulmonary hypertension (2008)

Pulmonary arterial compliance (C) is increasingly being recognized as an important contributor to right ventricular afterload, but for monitoring of treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH) most often still only pulmonary vascular resistance (R) is used. We aimed at testing the hypothesis that R and C are coupled during treatment of PH and that substantial changes in both R and C would result in more haemodynamic improvement than changes in R alone. Data were analysed of two right-heart catheterizations of 52 patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and 10 with chronic-thromboembolic PH. The product of R and C (= stroke volume over pulse pressure) did not change during therapy (P = 0.320), implying an inverse relationship. Changes in cardiac index correlated significantly (P < 0.001) with changes in R (R2 = 0.37), better with changes in C (R2 = 0.66), and best with changes in both (R2 = 0.74). During therapy for PH, R and C remain inversely related. Therefore, changes in both R and C better explain changes in cardiac index than either of them alone. Not only resistance but also compliance plays a prominent role in PH especially in an early stage of the disease.