gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reversed oxygen sensing using colloidal quantum wells towards highly emissive photoresponsive varnishes (2015)

Colloidal quantum wells combine the advantages of size-tunable electronic properties with vast reactive surfaces that could allow one to realize highly emissive luminescent-sensing varnishes capable of detecting chemical agents through their reversible emission response, with great potential impact on life sciences, environmental monitoring, defence and aerospace engineering. Here we combine spectroelectrochemical measurements and spectroscopic studies in a controlled atmosphere to demonstrate the 'reversed oxygen-sensing' capability of CdSe colloidal quantum wells, that is, the exposure to oxygen reversibly increases their luminescence efficiency. Spectroelectrochemical experiments allow us to directly relate the sensing response to the occupancy of surface states. Magneto-optical measurements demonstrate that, under vacuum, heterostructured CdSe/CdS colloidal quantum wells stabilize in their negative trion state. The high starting emission efficiency provides a possible means to enhance the oxygen sensitivity by partially de-passivating the particle surfaces, thereby enhancing the density of unsaturated sites with a minimal cost in term of luminescence losses.
施乐、道化学、惠普三大跨国公司的企业智商 (2002)

“知识管理的目的是要提高机构智慧，或企业智商。在今天动态的市场中，公司要成功就要有高等企业智商(Corporate IQ)。企业智商的高低取决于公司是否广泛分享资讯，以及如何善用彼此的观念成长。”微软总裁Bill Gates说。这个极其成功的软件公司在雇佣具备高智商、强能力的人员方面做到了极致。放眼国际市场上，将企业智商奉为圣经的公司比比皆是，《世纪虹》遴选了施乐、道化学、惠普三大公司在知识管理方面的心得，与您一起分享。
Anodic Phenol–Arene Cross‐Coupling Reaction on Boron‐Doped Diamond Electrodes (2009)

Particularly sustainable: The anodic cross-coupling reaction between phenols and arenes can be performed on boron-doped diamond electrodes. The arylated products are formed directly and obtained, in some cases, with high selectivity. Since only hydrogen atoms are sacrificed in the course of reaction this methodology opens the door to a novel concept for biaryl formation.
Towards common-sense reasoning via conditional simulation: legacies of Turing in Artificial Intelligence (2014)

The problem of replicating the flexibility of human common-sense reasoning has captured the imagination of computer scientists since the early days of Alan Turing's foundational work on computation and the philosophy of artificial intelligence. In the intervening years, the idea of cognition as computation has emerged as a fundamental tenet of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and cognitive science. But what kind of computation is cognition? We describe a computational formalism centered around a probabilistic Turing machine called QUERY, which captures the operation of probabilistic conditioning via conditional simulation. Through several examples and analyses, we demonstrate how the QUERY abstraction can be used to cast common-sense reasoning as probabilistic inference in a statistical model of our observations and the uncertain structure of the world that generated that experience. This formulation is a recent synthesis of several research programs in AI and cognitive science, but it also represents a surprising convergence of several of Turing's pioneering insights in AI, the foundations of computation, and statistics.
IL28B Genotype Does Not Correlate with HIV Control in African Americans (2011)

The IL28B CC genotype does not account for the noted HIV control in our specific NVS cohort. Further studies will be needed to determine if a common genetic factor can primarily account for any joint clearance of HCV and control of HIV.
Endocrine Nurses Society Position Statement on Transgender and Gender Diverse Care (2021)

The Endocrine Nurses Society (ENS) is committed to clinical excellence in the art and science of endocrine nursing throughout the world. ENS recognizes that transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals face challenges and inequities that place them in the realm of health disparities. Further, TGD individuals often face substantial barriers to care and have difficulty finding healthcare providers who are knowledgeable about the unique health needs of this patient population. ENS recognizes that endocrine nurses care for young adult and adult TGD individuals. This position statement outlines recommendations for healthcare providers and organizations seeking to embrace a gender-affirming approach to care and increase access to high-quality, comprehensive care for TGD individuals. This Position Statement was accepted by ENS on September 8, 2020 and has been endorsed by the European Society of Endocrinology Nurse Committee, European Society of Paediatric Endocrinology Nurses, Pediatric Endocrine Nursing Society, Endocrine Nurses' Society of Australasia, and the Federation of International Nurses in Endocrinology.
Ring transformation of 3‐hydroxy‐1,2,5‐ and ‐1,2,4‐thiadiazoles and ‐isothiazoles into isothiazole, thiazole and thiophene derivatives (1985)

Abstract Ring transformation of 3‐hydroxy‐1,2,5‐thiadiazole ( 1 ), 3‐hydroxy‐1,2,4‐thiadiazole ( 14 ), and 3‐hydroxyiso‐thiazole ( 18 ) by the reaction with acetic anhydride in the presence of DBU afforded isothiazoles 2‐5 and 13 , thiazoles 15 and 16 and thiophenes 21‐25 , respectively. The reaction of 1 with propionic anhydride gave isothiazole 13 . The formation pathway of the products is mentioned.
Erythroid colony formation by fetal rat liver and spleen cells in vitro: inhibition by a low relative molecular mass component of fetal spleen (1992)

Liver and spleen hematopoietic cell suspensions from 20-day-old-fetal rats were fractionated on Percoll gradients. A granulocyte-rich splenic fraction inhibited CFUe production by cultures of a CFUe-enriched liver fraction, and by cultures of unfractionated liver and spleen hematopoietic cells. Conditioned medium from the spleen cell fraction contained an inhibitor of relative molecular mass, Mr, 25-35 x 10(3). The sensitivity of spleen cells to the inhibitor varied with the age of the fetus from which they were derived (20-day-old less than 18-and 19-day-old). No such age-dependence was found for liver cells. The inhibitor affects cycling CFUe, blocks the lethal effect of AraC, does not appear to be lineage-specific and its influence can be reversed by washing.
Deep learning brain conductivity mapping using a patch-based 3D U-net (2019)

Purpose: To investigate deep learning electrical properties tomography (EPT) for application on different simulated and in-vivo datasets including pathologies for obtaining quantitative brain conductivity maps. Methods: 3D patch-based convolutional neural networks were trained to predict conductivity maps from B1 transceive phase data. To compare the performance of DLEPT networks on different datasets, three datasets were used throughout this work, one from simulations and two from in-vivo measurements from healthy volunteers and cancer patients, respectively. At first, networks trained on simulations are tested on all datasets with different levels of homogeneous Gaussian noise introduced in training and testing. Secondly, to investigate potential robustness towards systematical differences between simulated and measured phase maps, in-vivo data with conductivity labels from conventional EPT is used for training. Results: High quality of reconstructions from networks trained on simulations with and without noise confirms the potential of deep learning for EPT. However, artifact encumbered results in this work uncover challenges in application of DLEPT to in-vivo data. Training DLEPT networks on conductivity labels from conventional EPT improves quality of results. This is argued to be caused by robustness to artifacts from image acquisition. Conclusions: Networks trained on simulations with added homogeneous Gaussian noise yield reconstruction artifacts when applied to in-vivo data. Training with realistic phase data and conductivity labels from conventional EPT allows for severely reducing these artifacts.
Free Energy Generalization of the Peierls Potential in Iron (2013)

In body-centered-cubic (bcc) crystals, 1/2<111> screw dislocations exhibit high intrinsic lattice friction as a consequence of their nonplanar core structure, which results in a periodic energy landscape known as the Peierls potential U(P). The main features determining plastic flow, including its stress and temperature dependences, can be derived directly from this potential, hence its importance. In this Letter, we use thermodynamic integration to provide a full thermodynamic extension of U(P) for bcc Fe. We compute the Peierls free energy path as a function of stress and temperature and show that the critical stress vanishes at 700 K, supplying the qualitative elements that explain plastic behavior in the athermal limit.
Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of storage protein gene expression in sulfur-deficient pea seeds (1985)

We have used in vitro transcription in isolated pea nuclei to determine whether the expression of genes for the seed storage proteins legumin and vicilin is regulated transcriptionally or post-transcriptionally in response to changing sulfur status in the developing seed. During the first 48 h of recovery from S deficiency, transcription of legumin genes increased by two-fold whereas the level of legumin mRNA increased 20-fold in the same period. Vicilin gene transcription decreased during recovery, consistent with a gradual decrease in mRNA levels. We conclude that regulation of legumin mRNA levels in response to changing S status is post-transcriptional, whereas that of vicilin mRNA is transcriptional. In contrast, during normal plant development the expression of both of these gene families appears to be under transcriptional control.
We don't need another hero? (2018)

A software project has "Hero Developers" when 80% of contributions are delivered by 20% of the developers. Are such heroes a good idea? Are too many heroes bad for software quality? Is it better to have more/less heroes for different kinds of projects? To answer these questions, we studied 661 open source projects from Public open source software (OSS) Github and 171 projects from an Enterprise Github.
Purinosome formation as a function of the cell cycle (2015)

The de novo purine biosynthetic pathway relies on six enzymes to catalyze the conversion of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate to inosine 5'-monophosphate. Under purine-depleted conditions, these enzymes form a multienzyme complex known as the purinosome. Previous studies have revealed the spatial organization and importance of the purinosome within mammalian cancer cells. In this study, time-lapse fluorescence microscopy was used to investigate the cell cycle dependency on purinosome formation in two cell models. Results in HeLa cells under purine-depleted conditions demonstrated a significantly higher number of cells with purinosomes in the G1 phase, which was further confirmed by cell synchronization. HGPRT-deficient fibroblast cells also exhibited the greatest purinosome formation in the G1 phase; however, elevated levels of purinosomes were also observed in the S and G2/M phases. The observed variation in cell cycle-dependent purinosome formation between the two cell models tested can be attributed to differences in purine biosynthetic mechanisms. Our results demonstrate that purinosome formation is closely related to the cell cycle.
Generating Localized Haptic Feedback over a Spherical Surface (2021)

&lt;p&gt;The ability to control and manipulate haptic imagery (aka imagining haptic sensations in the mind) makes use of and extends human vision, allowing “seeing by touch”, exploring, and understanding multidimensional information. In the purpose of exploring potential tools that can support visuo-haptic imagery, we performed testing on a spherical surface to investigate whether the placement of actuators at key locations and their activation at different time offsets can be used to generate dynamic movements of peak vibrations at a given point and across the curved surface. Through our testing of the spherical structure prototypes, we have found that offset actuations can be used to magnify vibrations at specific locations on a spherical surface. The gathered data show that increased amplitude can be created at a given point across the surface by using the actuation plate instead of multiple actuators affixed to the curved surface. Our plan is to use these results to induce dynamic haptic images in a vector format across any surfaces in the future.&lt;/p&gt;
Nonlinear System Identification Using aSubbandAdaptive Volterra Filter (2008)

This paper proposes aflexible andefficient subband adap- tive second order Volterra filter structure fornonlinear system identi- fication. Acoustic echocancellation isanapplication ofsystem iden- tification that iscritical inhands-free telephony, forwhichalinear modelisusually assumed. However; echocancellation islimited by inherent system nonlinearities, ofwhich loudspeaker distortion isone ofthemainsources. Experimental results, obtained inanoffice room environment, showthat theproposed structure wasabletomodelthe nonlinear roomtransfer function moreaccurately thanalinear only modelbyupto10dBlower meansquare error; atacomparable com- putational complexity.
P644 Mindfulness-based stress reduction in adult patients with active Crohn's disease: preliminary findings based on the subjective units of distress scale: an IIRN study (2019)

Crohn’s disease patients suffer from a host of mental symptoms, particularly when the disease is active (Schwartz D et al. United European Gastroenterol J 2018; 6: Supplement 1). We postulated that psychological distress can be diminished by teaching Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) to patients using an internet-based format. Randomly selected adult patients with active Crohn’s disease, attending for routine follow-up in a teaching hospital, were enlisted in a program where MBSR is taught by specially trained social workers in a series of 1-h sessions delivered once a week, using Skype™ and a standardised protocol. Home practice twice daily with feedback to an application was required. Disease activity (Harvey–Bradshaw Index) was monitored. The Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDS, Wolpe J, 1969) was administered before and after each teaching session. The SUDS scale range is 0–10; a higher score indicates more stress. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was conducted on SUDS scores of patients with five completed MBSR sessions each. The analysis included sessions 2 through 5 (session 1 was regarded as entry into the protocol). The SUDS scores are labelled as ‘begin-score’ (at beginning of each treatment session) and ‘end-score’ (at end of session). Data are given as median (range). The cohort comprised 13 patients, all with good compliance. Patients' characteristics were: age 29 (22–63) years, females 85%, non-smokers 92%, illness duration 3 (1–25) years, past surgery in 3 patients. All patients had active disease: The Harvey–Bradshaw Index was 8 (6–15). Seven patients were receiving long-term biological medication. The median SUDS begin-score was highest in session 2 and less in subsequent sessions (Table 1). SUDS end-scores were significantly reduced compared with begin-scores in all sessions. The end-score at session 5 was significantly lower than the begin-score at session 2 (p = .011). SUDS scores at beginning and end of sessions, median (range). SUDS scores at beginning and end of sessions, median (range). These preliminary findings, albeit in a small uncontrolled cohort, suggest that MBSR taught weekly, and accompanied by twice-daily home practice, reduces the level of subjective psychological distress in Crohn’s disease patients. Teaching by Skype™ was effective (and could be a cost-saving measure) and daily report to an app ensured compliance. A randomised trial in a large cohort employing several psychological scales is in progress to determine the precise efficacy and long-term effect of MBSR in the armamentarium of therapies available to Crohn’s disease patients.
Global and Local Superconductivity in Boron‐Doped Granular Diamond (2013)

Strong granularity-correlated and intragrain modulations of the superconducting order parameter are demonstrated in heavily boron-doped diamond situated not yet in the vicinity of the metal-insulator transition. These modulations at the superconducting state (SC) and at the global normal state (NS) above the resistive superconducting transition, reveal that local Cooper pairing sets in prior to the global phase coherence.
57.3: Invited Paper : Host and Charge Transport Materials for High Efficiency Deep Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes (2012)

Abstract In this paper, we describe the development of high efficiency deep blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes using high triplet energy host and charge transport materials. The quantum efficiency of deep blue phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes could be improved above 20% by using high triplet energy bipolar host materials, hole transport materials and electron transport materials.
Assessment of VR Technology and its Applications to Engineering Problems (2001)

Virtual reality applications are making valuable contributions to the field of product realization. This paper presents an assessment of the hardware and software capabilities of VR technology needed to support a meaningful integration of VR applications in the product life cycle analysis. Several examples of VR applications for the various stages of the product life cycle engineering are presented as case studies. These case studies describe research results, fielded systems, technical issues, and implementation issues in the areas of virtual design, virtual manufacturing, virtual assembly, engineering analysis, visualization of analysis results, and collaborative virtual environments. Current issues and problems related to the creation, use, and implementation of virtual environments for engineering design, analysis, and manufacturing are also discussed.
Performance analysis on recursive single-sideband amplitude modulation for parametric loudspeakers (2010)

A highly directional speech signal can be generated using parametric loudspeaker. The generation of highly directional sound beam is due to the nonlinear interaction of amplitude-modulated ultrasound waves in air. However, severe distortion is also generated during the reproduction of directional speech and several preprocessing techniques based on the Berktay's farfield model have been proposed by researchers to reduce the distortion. In this paper, we carried out a thorough investigation on the analytical performance of the recursive single-sideband amplitude modulation (RSSB-AM) technique, which has been found to perform well for directional speech reproduction. Several important characteristics of the performance of the RSSB-AM are observed and optimal parameters of the RSSB-AM are also presented.
The coordinate regulation of DNA synthesis and suppression of apoptosis is differentially regulated by the liver growth agents, phenobarbital and methylclofenapate (1998)

The coordinate regulation of DNA synthesis and suppression of apoptosis was investigated in a rat hepatocyte cell culture system which supports high level induction of DNA synthesis by the peroxisome proliferator, methylclofenapate (MCP) (Plant, N.J. et al., 1998, Carcinogenesis, 19, 925-931). The peroxisome proliferators are hepatocyte mitogens in chemically defined media: glucocorticoid-induced PPARalpha is linked to peroxisome proliferator mitogenesis (Plant, N.J. et al., 1998, Carcinogenesis, 19, 925-932). Phenobarbital (PB) induced moderate induction of DNA synthesis (200-300% of control), but the peak of induction was 40 h after treatment. In hepatocytes that had undergone DNA synthesis, PB increased the proportion of binucleates by 200-300%. Both PB and MCP were able to suppress apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner, while the endogenous mitogen epidermal growth factor failed to suppress apoptosis. The suppression of apoptosis by MCP was reversible; withdrawal of MCP led to rapid induction of apoptosis. The presence of hydrocortisone is required for suppression of apoptosis by peroxisome proliferators, but not for PB. MCP failed to suppress apoptosis in primary cultures of guinea-pig hepatocytes. Comparison of the stability of hepatocytes labelled with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) and [3H]thymidine revealed that approximately 40% of cells labelled with BrdUrd were lost over a period of 14 days, whereas cells labelled with thymidine remained stable over this period. Hepatocytes were therefore treated with MCP, labelled with [3H]thymidine, maintained for 14 days, and peroxisome proliferator withdrawn. While the apoptotic index in unlabelled cells was 1.7%, no apoptosis was detected in labelled cells. In order to compare the mechanism of suppression of apoptosis, hepatocytes were cultured in the presence of either PB or MCP for 14 days. When MCP was substituted for PB in cells cultured in the presence of PB, the monolayer was maintained, but when PB was used to replace MCP in cells cultured in the presence of MCP, the monolayer of hepatocytes degenerated rapidly. The results demonstrate mechanistic differences in the coordinate regulation of cell growth and apoptosis in hepatocytes by PB and MCP.
Routing and rate control for coded cooperation in a satellite-terrestrial network (2011)

We address the problem of high-throughput, delay-constrained communication over a satellite-terrestrial network where terrestrial node mobility leads to intermittent links. Due to the short time-scale of link state durations, standard single-path routing protocols are disadvantaged by the delay incurred in determining that a route is unavailable and then finding a new route. Instead we focus on the approach of sending data over multiple paths simultaneously, and use random linear network coding as a distributed way of sending linearly-independent data on different paths. We present a routing and rate control protocol for coded multipath routing. This protocol specifies the fraction of offered traffic carried on each path, provides a congestion avoidance strategy to limit queueing delays in the network, and adapts quickly to time-varying connectivity. We outline our coded routing and rate-control strategy and also present simulation results from a mobile satellite-terrestrial network.
Advances in GNSS-RTK for Structural Deformation Monitoring in Regions of High Ionospheric Activity (2010)

GNSS technology is being extensively used for monitoring the movement of engineering structures such as bridges, tall buildings, dams, breakwaters, etc. Large structures increasingly have one or more GNSS receivers installed on them, and this trend is expected to continue unabated. Several other trends are also emerging: (1) Integrated deformation monitoring systems, consisting of some or all of the following hardware components: GNSS receivers, optical total stations, digital levels, laser alignment devices, inclinometers, accelerometers, strainmeters, anenometers, meteorological sensors, and others. (2) Real-time kinematic (RTK) being almost exclusively the GNSS technique that is used. (3) The use of low cost L1-only GNSS sensors on the deforming structure. (4) System control platforms that link to and manage the data logging and control of many sensors (including GNSS), as well as real-time generation and analysis of resulting displacement time series. (5) Increased use of sophisticated time series analysis to characterise the movement of structures. (6) Use of installed permanent GNSS reference station infrastructure.