gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Controlled growth of larger heterojunction interface area for organic photosensitive devices (2023)

An optoelectronic device and a method of fabricating a photosensitive optoelectronic device includes depositing a first organic semiconductor material on a first electrode to form a continuous first layer having protrusions, a side of the first layer opposite the first electrode having a surface area at least three times greater than an underlying lateral cross-sectional area; depositing a second organic semiconductor material directly on the first layer to form a discontinuous second layer, portions of the first layer remaining exposed; depositing a third organic semiconductor material directly on the second layer to form a discontinuous third layer, portions of at least the second layer remaining exposed; depositing a fourth organic semiconductor material on the third layer to form a continuous fourth layer, filling any exposed gaps and recesses in the first, second, and third layers; and depositing a second electrode on the fourth layer, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is transparent, and the first and third organic semiconductor materials are both of a donor-type or an acceptor-type relative to second and fourth organic semiconductor materials, which are of the other material type.
Piezoresistive Si MEMS accelerometer with novel nonplanar flexures for low cross axis sensitivity (2016)

One of the primary concern in piezoresistive micro accelerometers is their cross axis sensitivity. The most direct approach to solve this problem is by means of electronic bridge configurations, which relies on the difference in stress profiles along different directions. In this paper, a nonplanar dual flexure geometry has been proposed as a scheme for cross axis sensitivity reduction, by the mechanical design itself. The device exhibits a very low cross axis sensitivity of <;0.01% in Y direction and <;0.05% in X direction while maintaining high prime axis sensitivity of 133μV/Vg. The device also shows very low non linearity (<;1%) over a range of 100g acceleration and a resonant frequency of 2.2 kHz.
Predictive motion-field segmentation for image sequence coding (1993)

A technique is presented for improving motion field accuracy, while transmitting the same amount of motion information as standard block-based methods (a small amount of additional side information is needed). The approach is developed within the framework of standard block-based methods, but the constraints of the block-based motion field model are relaxed. The method improves motion compensation along boundaries of moving objects by segmenting the motion field of previous frames of the sequence, and using the segmentation to predict the location of motion-field discontinuities in the current frame. Simulations show significant improvement in the accuracy of the motion-compensated frame compared with the standard block-based method and a corresponding decrease in the bit rate required to achieved a fixed image quality.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Control of the optical field coherence by spatiotemporal light modulation (2013)

The novel spatiotemporal optical coherence manipulation technique, which allows one to tailor the second-order coherence properties of a light beam, is introduced. With the use of an interferometric setup we show that the basic measure of the contrast of interference fringes, i.e., Michelson's visibility, can be controlled across the interference pattern by modulating the phase of the spectral degree of coherence.
Wide Voltage Range High-Efficiency Sigma Converter 48V VRM With Integrated Magnetics (2019)

In this paper, a high-efficiency and power-density single-stage 48V voltage regulator module (VRM) based on a Sigma converter power architecture is proposed for CPU in data center applications. The proposed converter overcomes the limitation of wide voltage range operation in the Sigma converter architecture by utilizing a variable gain LLC converter by which the voltage distribution among the buck converter and the LLC converter in the quasi-parallel structure is maintained in the ranges that allow the highest possible conversion efficiency. A magnetic integration method is proposed for the variable gain LLC converter by which a PCB winding matrix transformer structure and resonant inductor are integrated with a single core structure and minimum winding requirement to achieve the required gain characteristics. A wide voltage range Sigma converter prototype is built that can operate with input voltage range of (40-60V) and output voltage range of (1.3-1.8V) while providing a maximum output current of 120A, the designed converter can achieve a maximum efficiency of 95.2% and a power-density of 700W/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> .
Mutations in CAX1 produce phenotypes characteristic of plants tolerant to serpentine soils (2005)

Plant tolerance of serpentine soils is potentially an excellent model for studying the genetics of adaptive variation in natural populations. A large-scale viability screen of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants on a defined nutrient solution with a low Ca(2+) : Mg(2+) ratio (1 : 24 mol : mol), typical of serpentine soils, yielded survivors with null alleles of the tonoplast calcium-proton antiporter CAX1. cax1 mutants have most of the phenotypes associated with tolerance to serpentine soils, including survival in solutions with a low Ca(2+) : Mg(2+) ratio; requirement for a high concentration of Mg(2+) for maximum growth; reduced leaf tissue concentration of Mg(2+); and poor growth performance on 'normal' levels of Ca(2+) and Mg(2+). A physiological model is proposed to explain how loss-of-function cax1 mutations could produce all these phenotypes characteristic of plants adapted to serpentine soils, why 'normal' plants are unable to survive on serpentine soil, and why serpentine-adapted plants are unable to compete on 'normal' soils.
Establishment of a sequence‐based typing system for BoLA‐DRB3 exon 2 (2003)

A rapid, high-resolution sequence-based typing (SBT) system for BoLA-DRB3 exon 2 was developed. Amplification of the entire exon was achieved by a fully nested PCR with locus-specific primers and sequencing was performed directly on the PCR product. Heterozygous sequence data were obtained by automated sequence analysis of both alleles. Forward and reverse sequence data were assembled to improve identification of all heterozygous positions. Specific software (Haplofinder, Roslin Institute Software, Roslin, UK) was designed for allele assignment. Fifty-four females from a Holstein-Charolais resource herd cross, their 12 sires and five unrelated Holstein animals were used to establish the method. In parallel, these animals were typed by DRB3 polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) to confirm the results. Polymerase chain reaction-RFLP analysis defined 15 known types in the 71 animals, while SBT of the same animals showed 19 known alleles. Subsequently, 72 more animals from the same resource herd were typed by the established SBT method without PCR-RFLP typing. This SBT strategy and the Haplofinder software can be applied to the analysis of any polymorphic locus for which suitable locus-specific primers and allelic sequences are available.
On Interpreting Stereo Disparity (1989)

The problems under consideration center around the interpretation of binocular stereo disparity. In particular, the goal is to establish a set of mappings from stereo disparity to corresponding three-dimensional scene geometry. An analysis has been developed that shows how disparity information can be interpreted in terms of three-dimensional scene properties, such as surface depth, discontinuities, and orientation. These theoretical developments have been embodied in a set of computer algorithms for the recovery of scene geometry from input stereo disparity. The results of applying these algorithms to several disparity maps are presented. Comparisons are made to the interpretation of stereo disparity by biological systems.
ChemInform Abstract: A Stereospecific Synthesis of Oxazolinyloxiranes. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Transoral transclival removal of anteriorly placed meningiomas at the foramen magnum (1987)

Anteriorly placed meningiomas at the level of the foramen magnum are rare, are difficult to diagnose, and present technical problems for a conventional posterior fossa removal. The authors describe the successful transoral transclival excision of two such tumors. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula can be avoided by dural repair using a thrombin glue and long term CSF diversion. This modification enables the transoral route to be considered for anteriorly placed intradural lesions. (Neurosurgery 20:966-968, 1987)
Hypothermia Blocks Nuclear β-catenin Translocation Downstream of glycogen synthase kinase 3-β in Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats (2006)

s of Oral Proceedings: 2006 Joint Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Cerebrovascular Section and the American Society of Interventional & Therapeutic Neuroradiology Caribe Royale Orlando—Orlando, Florida February 17–20, 2006: Anatomy: Cerebrovascular
Extracting real-crack properties from nonlinear elastic behavior of rocks: abundance of cracks with dominating normal compliance and rocks with negative Poisson's ratio (2017)

Abstract. Results of examination of experimental data on nonlinear elasticity of rocks using experimental pressure-dependences of P- and S-wave velocities from various literature sources are presented. Overall, over 90 rock samples are considered. Interpretation of the data is performed using an effective-medium description in which cracks are considered as compliant defects (cracks) with independent shear and normal compliances without specifying a particular crack model with an a priori given ratio of the compliances. Comparison with the experimental data indicated abundance of cracks (~ 80 %) with the normal-to-shear compliance ratios significantly exceeding the values typical of conventionally used crack models (such as penny-shape cuts or thin ellipsoidal cracks). Correspondingly, rocks with such cracks demonstrate strongly decreased Poisson's ratio including a significant portion of rocks (~ 45 %) exhibiting negative Poisson's ratios at lower pressures, for which the concentration of not yet closed cracks is maximal. The obtained results indicate the necessity of further development of crack models to account the revealed numerous examples of cracks with strong domination of normal compliance. Discovering such a significant number of naturally auxetic rocks is in contrast with the conventional viewpoint that occurrence of negative Poisson's ratio is an exotic fact that is mostly associated with specially engineered structures.
Persistent in vitro infection by human T‐cell leukemia‐lymphoma virus (HTLV) of normal human T‐lymphocytes from blood relatives of patients with HTLV‐associated mature T‐cell neoplasms (1983)

Abstract Human T‐cell lymphoma‐leukemia virus (HTLV), a novel type‐C retrovirus, has been identified in tumor cells of patients with mature T‐cell neoplasms. Attempts to transmit the first isolate of HTLV designated HTLV‐I (CR) to secondary cultures of animal cells and several attempts to transmit HTLV to normal human T cells, activated with PHA and grown with T‐cell growth factor (TCGF), obtained from randomly selected normal adult donors were unsuccessful. Peripheral blood leukocytes were obtained from blood relatives of patients with HTLV‐positive T‐cell neoplasms. These normal adult T cells were exposed to HTLV, and in 5 of 10 samples tested from three separate families, persistent infection of cultured T‐lymphocytes by HTLV occurred. HTLV infection was monitored by three methods: an indirect membrane immunofluorescence assay for HTLV p19; an in situ hybridization assay for intracellular viral RNA; and electron microscopic analysis for extracellular viral particles. Two of the five infected T‐cell lines have been continuously positive for HTLV for over 24 months in continuous culture. B‐cell lines from the same individuals could not be infected by HTLV‐I (CR) . Despite the release of viral particles from the infected cultures detected by electron microscopy, no extracellular reverse transcriptase was found. HTLV infection stimulated increased long‐term growth of the T cells although all HTLV‐I (CR) ‐infected cultured cells always remained dependent on the addition of TCGF for growth. Phenotypic characterization of the infected cells by monoclonal antibodies, HLA typing, cytochemical and cell surface markers showed that all the infected cells were mature T cells and were easily distinguished from the cells used as a source of HTLV for infection. The infected cells were either of a predominantly helper or of a suppressor phenotype showing that both mature T‐cell subsets can be infected. Whether these data indicate that there is a genetic basis for susceptibility of human T cells to HTLV infection or reflect an increased sensitivity of some cells to infection by low titers of HTLV remains to be determined. These results provide further evidence for a predominant T‐cell tropism of HTLV.
New Solvent for Polyamide 66 and its use for Preparing Single-Polymer Composite Coated-Fabric (2018)

Polyamides (PAs) are one of the most important engineering polymers; however, the difficulty in dissolving them hinders their applications. Formic acid (FA) is the most common solvent for PAs, but it has industrial limitations. In this contribution, we proposed a new solvent system for PAs by replacing a portion of the FA with urea and calcium chloride (FAUCa). Urea imparts the hydrogen bonding and calcium ion from the calcium chloride, as a Lewis acid was added to the system to compensate for the pH decrease due to the addition of urea. The results showed that the proposed solvent (FAUCa) could readily dissolve PAs, resulting in less decrease in the mechanical properties during the dissolution. The composite prepared using the FAUCa has almost the same properties like the one prepared using the FA solution. The solution was applied on a polyamide 66 fabric to make an all-polyamide composite coated-fabric, which then was characterized. The FAUCa solution had a higher viscosity than the one prepared using the neat FA solvent, which can be an advantage in the applications which needs higher viscosity like preparing the all-polyamide composite coated-fabric. A more viscouse solution makes a denser coating which will increase the water-/gas-tightness. In conclusion, using the FAUCa solvent has two merits: 1. replacement of 40 % of the FA with less harmful and environmentally-friendly chemicals and 2. enabling for the preparation of more viscouse solutions, which makes denser coating.
High-Speed Transmission Electron Microscopy of Laser-Pulsed Metal Films, Splashing by a Hydrodynamic Instability (2003)

Journal Article High-Speed Transmission Electron Microscopy of Laser-Pulsed Metal Films, Splashing by a Hydrodynamic Instability Get access Holger Dömer, Holger Dömer Optisches Institut, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Oleg Bostanjoglo Oleg Bostanjoglo Optisches Institut, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 9, Issue S03, 1 September 2003, Pages 358–359, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927603027041 Published: 05 September 2003
Iron-catalyzed reductive cyclization reaction of 1,6-enynes for the synthesis of 3-acylbenzofurans and thiophenes (2018)

A facile synthesis of 3-acylbenzofurans and thiophenes<italic>via</italic>iron(<sc>ii</sc>)-catalyzed reductive cyclization of 1,6-enynes has been developed.
3D SILICON TRANSFORMATION USING HYDROGEN ANNEALING (2004)

Fabricating smooth, round structures in silicon is challenging by conventional processing methods. In this paper, we report on a novel 3D shaping technique for producing microspheres, microdisk toroids, submicron wires, and circular beams in Si using hydrogen annealing. Microspheres with 1 m radius, submicron wires with 0.5 m radius, and a microdisk toroid with 0.2 m toroidal radius have been successfully demonstrated.
Optimal content replication in P2P communities (2002)

We develop theory and algorithms for the optimal replication of content in peer-to- peer (P2P) file sharing communities. A P2P community is a collection of nodes that are intermittently connected to a network. When a node in the community desires a particular object, it attempts to retrieve the object from other nodes within the community. However, if the desired object is unavailable from within the community, the node is permitted to retrieve the content from the outside (e.g., from peers in the global Internet or from dedicated archival servers).
Self-adaptive tunable visible solid-state dye laser (2004)

In this paper, a self-adaptive holographic solid-state dye laser, which adaptively corrects for thermally induced aberrations, is described. The laser is seeded with a probe beam which self-intersects in the solid-state dye to write a gain grating hologram. Aberrations experience by the probe beam is encoded into the gain hologram. When lasing threshold is attained, a backward mode occurs that is the spatial phase conjugate of the (forward) probe beam, with correction of loop aberrations.
Clinical diagnosis with the stable isotope 13C in CO2 breath tests: methodology and fundamental considerations. (1977)

The methodology for measuring in vivo oxidation of substrates labeled with the nonradioactive carbon isotope 13C has been developed with isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The use of 13C offers the possibility of utilizing CO2 breath tests in infants, children, pregnant women, and all subjects in whom 14CO2 breath tests cannot be used. The excretion of 140 nmol/kg-hr of 13CO2 produced from the oxidation of the labeled substrate could be detected with 95% confidence during a total CO2 excretion of 9 mM/kg-hr. The precision of CO2 breath tests using 13C is limited by the natural fluctuations of the ratio of 13C/12C in expired CO2, which occur with a standard deviation of 0.72%, or approximately 7 parts 13CO2 per 10(6) parts expired CO2. Larger excursions in the ratio were observed if the subjects ate shortly before or during the breath test. Clinically significant diagnostic tests can reasonably be expected to require the excretion of 2 to 20 times as much labeled CO2, or 0.28 to 1.4 micronM/kg-hr.
Isolation and characterization of Locusta migratoria accessory gland myotropin I (Lom‐AG‐MT‐I) from the brain of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (1996)

A novel myotropic Colorado potato beetle peptide, active in the Locusta oviduct motility assay, was isolated from a methanolic extract of 9,000 brain complexes of adult Leptinotarsa decemlineata by means of HPLC. Its sequence is Gly-Phe-Lys-Asn-Val-Ala-Leu-Ser-Thr-Ala-Arg-Gly-Phe-NH2. This peptide is identical to Lom-AG-MT-I, a myotropin previously isolated from the male accessory glands of Locusta migratoria, using the L. migratoria oviduct motility bioassay as a monitoring system. It strongly stimulated the frequency, amplitude, and tonus of the myogenic oviduct contractions, even at low concentrations. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Ozonation of phenol in water studied by electron tunneling (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOzonation of phenol in water studied by electron tunnelingY. Skarlatos, R. C. Barker, G. L. Haller, and A. YelonCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1975, 79, 24, 2587–2592Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100591a003https://doi.org/10.1021/j100591a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views54Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Resilient communication through multihoming for remote healthcare applications (2013)

Advancements in today's technologies make it possible to offer competitive home-based healthcare services using software routers based on open source software combined with Commodity-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) hardware. In this paper, we propose resilient communication through multihoming for remote healthcare applications. The solution is based on Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) for fast failure detection and a customized rerouting operation. We investigate the tradeoff between short reaction times for rerouting and low probability of false alarms. This is challenging to achieve under high traffic loads since the load affects the BFD session which is formed to monitor the bidirectional forwarding capabilities. We propose a simple mechanism that provides fast failover and meanwhile maintains a very low probability of generating false alarms and unwanted rerouting decisions. The mechanism is based on allocation of system resources for processing BFD control messages, and we demonstrate through empirical results that BFD then can be used in software routers to provide average failover times within 200 ms.