gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Finite amplitude wave studies in earth materials. (1992)

The highly nonlinear elastic behavior of rock may enable new means of interrogating earth structure, of measuring physical properties, and of modeling the seismic source. Compared to uncracked materials, rocks have a large nonlinear response because they contain numerous microcracks that readily compress under applied stress causing large changes of elastic moduli with pressure. Thus nonlinear effects in rocks can be two orders of magnitude greater than those of the uncracked materials typically studied in nonlinear acoustics. Several areas of nonlinear research are currently being undertaken in these laboratories. First, low-frequency (0.1–100 Hz) attenuation studies using a torsional oscillator show that nonlinear coefficients can be greatly increased by inducing additional microcracks in Sierra White granite. Second, ultrasonic parametric array studies demonstrate that strong difference frequency signal generation can take place inside rock samples. Lastly, energy redistribution of finite amplitude waves may produce progressive changes in observed spectra with distance. If a significant amount of energy is redistributed as a function of distance, then source models (based on assuming linear elastic wave propagation) may be in error. This theoretical and experimental work demonstrates that energy redistribution does indeed take place in rock.
Visual tool for sustainable buildings: A design approach with various data visualisation techniques (2022)

To tackle sustainability, the building sector has to take into account the life cycle impacts of buildings. However, due to the complexity of life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle costing (LCC), architects still have a huge hurdle to integrate LCA and LCC in their design processes and even more in the first design stage where the most important decisions are taken. To overcome the complexity, this research aims to develop a comprehensive visual approach in line with an architectural design process. Firstly, environmental impacts are translated into cost so that they can be integrated with financial cost in a life cycle costing approach. Secondly, various visualisations of this single unit result are selected, and a visual approach is elaborated, which supports an integration of life cycle approach in a design process. This paper demonstrates via a theoretical simplified case of dwellings in the Belgian context how the approach can support making more desirable design decisions. The proposed approach with a combined use of visualisations can be expected to enable architects integrating LCA and LCC results in their design loop thinking and easily overview the effect of their design decisions for sustainable dwellings.
Properties of Silver Deposits Plated from High-Speed Low-Cyanide Baths. (1993)

The properties of silver deposits obtained by jet plating from low-cyanide baths were investigated.Deposits obtained from baths with and without the addition of selenocyanate at current densities lower than 50A/dm2 were matte,and were composed of randomly oriented small cristallites with very weak XRD patterns.The hardness of the deposits was around Hv 100.The amount of selenium codeposition in the matte deposits obtained from baths with selenocyanate was several times higher than that in the bright deposits obtained at 80-120A/dm2,which were 0.117mm/
Spectroelectrochemical Studies of Nickel Oxidation in Aerated Phosphate Solutions (2000)

As part of a research effort to obtain an understanding at a fundamental level of the oxidation of Ni, in situ near normal incidence UV−visible spectroelectrochemistry has been used to study the process in aerated phosphate solutions at pH 5.4. The variation of film thickness with applied potential has been studied. At potentials preceding that of the passive region, the surface film is found to consist primarily of Ni(OH)2. In the passive region, the surface film consists of both Ni(OH)2 and NiO. Reasonable estimates of passive film thickness can be obtained by this methodology. It is demonstrated that the exact sequence of potentials utilized in the oxidation of the Ni electrode has a bearing on film growth.
Opening protein pores with chaotropes enhances Fe reduction and chelation of Fe from the ferritin biomineral (2003)

Iron is concentrated in ferritin, a spherical protein with a capacious cavity for ferric nanominerals of <4,500 Fe atoms. Global ferritin structure is very stable, resisting 6 M urea and heat (85 degrees C) at neutral pH. Eight pores, each formed by six helices from 3 of the 24 polypeptide subunits, restrict mineral access to reductant, protons, or chelators. Protein-directed transport of Fe and aqueous Fe(3+) chemistry (solubility approximately 10(-18) M) drive mineralization. Ferritin pores are "gated" based on protein crystals and Fe chelation rates of wild-type (WT) and engineered proteins. Pore structure and gate residues, which are highly conserved, thus should be sensitive to environmental changes such as low concentrations of chaotropes. We now demonstrate that urea or guanidine (1-10 mM), far below concentrations for global unfolding, induced multiphasic rate increases in Fe(2+)-bipyridyl formation similar to conservative substitutions of pore residues. Urea (1 M) or the nonconservative LeuPro substitution that fully unfolded pores without urea both induced monophasic rate increases in Fe(2+) chelation rates, indicating unrestricted access between mineral and reductantchelator. The observation of low-melting ferritin subdomains by CD spectroscopy (melting midpoint 53 degrees C), accounting for 10% of ferritin alpha-helices, is unprecedented. The low-melting ferritin subdomains are pores, based on percentage helix and destabilization by either very dilute urea solutions (1 mM) or LeuPro substitution, which both increased Fe(2+) chelation. Biological molecules may have evolved to control gating of ferritin pores in response to cell iron need and, if mimicked by designer drugs, could impact chelation therapies in iron-overload diseases.
Single dose oral ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in adults (2009)

The very substantial amount of high quality evidence demonstrates that ibuprofen is an effective analgesic in treating postoperative pain. NNTs for 200 mg and 400 mg ibuprofen did not change significantly from the previous review even when a substantial amount of new information was added. New information is provided on remedication.
[Demonstration of immunoglobulin determinants on lymphocyte surfaces by membrane immunofluorescence]. (1975)

Isolated lymphocytes from peripheral blood of 22 healthy donors were examined with the help of the indirect membrane immunofluorescence (MIF) for immunoglobulin determinants on the surface of the cells. The quantity of MIF+-cells for IgM was on the average 8.7% (3-18) and for IgG 15.5%(8-18). Five different anti-IgM-sera were characterised with regard to their use in the MIF (precipitation titre, entire protein content, content of anti-IgM-antibodies). Differences in the quantity of the MIF+-lymphocytes were above all based on differing antibody concentrations of the sera. It was referred to further possible causes for these differences. The influence on the results of the examinations by protein addition and trypsination.
Regulation of multiple myeloma survival and progression by CD1d (2008)

Down-regulation of conventional human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II molecules from the surface of tumor cells is an important mechanism for tumor immune evasion, survival, and progression. Whether CD1d, a nonconventional, glycolipid-presenting HLA class I-like molecule instructing the function of the immunoregulatory invariant NKT cells can affect tumor cell survival is not known. Here we show that CD1d is highly expressed in premalignant and early myeloma, but with disease progression its expression is reduced and eventually in advanced stages and myeloma cell lines is lost altogether, suggesting that CD1d impacts negatively on myeloma cell survival. Consistent with this, engagement of CD1d by anti-CD1d monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) induces cell death of myeloma cell lines with restored CD1d expression and primary myeloma cells. Cell death induced by monoclonal antibody engagement of CD1d is associated with overexpression of proapoptotic Bax and mitochondrial membrane potential loss but it is caspase-activation independent; in addition, it requires the cytoplasmic tail but not the Tyr residue critical for lysosomal sorting of CD1d. Finally, anti-CD1d cooperates with antimyeloma agents in the killing of myeloma cells. Thus, this work provides evidence linking a novel function of CD1d in the regulation of cell death with tumor survival and progression in humans.
Modulation of Stretch-Shortening-Cycle Behavior With Eccentric Loading of Triceps Surae: A Possible Therapeutic Mechanism (2016)

These findings suggest that eccentric loading alters SSC behavior in a manner reflective of improved motor performance. Decreased ankle excursion, increased lower-limb stiffness, and alterations in motor control may represent a positive adaptive response to eccentric loading. These findings support the theory that mechanisms underpinning eccentric loading for tendinopathy may in part be due to improved "buffering" of the tendon by the neuromuscular system.
In situ scattering study of multiscale structural evolution during liquid–liquid phase transition in Mg‐based metallic glasses (2021)

Abstract The glass‐forming ability of Mg–Cu–Gd alloys could be significantly promoted with the addition of Ag. A calorimetric anomaly could be observed in the supercooled liquid region of the Mg–Cu–Ag–Gd metallic glass, indicating the occurrence of a liquid‐state phase transition driven by entropy. However, the underlying mechanism of the polyamorphous phase transition remains unsettled. In the paper, in situ scattering techniques were employed to reveal multiscale structure evidence in a Mg 65 Cu 15 Ag 10 Gd 10 metallic glass with an anomalous exothermic peak upon heating. Resistivity measurements indicate a reentrant behavior for the Mg–Cu–Ag–Gd metallic glass in the anomalous exothermic peak temperature region during heating. In situ synchrotron diffraction results revealed that the local atomic structure tends to be ordered and loosely packed first, followed by reentering into the initial state upon heating. Moreover, time‐resolved small‐angle synchrotron X‐ray scattering (SAXS) results show an increase in nanoscale heterogeneity first followed by a reentrant supercooled liquid behavior. A core–shell structure model has been used to fit the SAXS profiles when polyamorphous phase transition occurs. In contrast, there is no structure anomaly for the reference Mg–Cu–Gd alloy system. The detailed multiscale structural evidence suggests the occurrence of a liquid–liquid phase transition followed by a reentrant behavior in the Mg–Cu–Ag–Gd metallic glass. Our results deepen the understanding of the structural origin of the glass‐forming ability and shed light on the possibility of tuning the physical and mechanical properties by heat‐treatment in the supercooled liquid region of Mg‐based metallic glasses.
Reimagining the Digital Monograph: Design Thinking to Build New Tools for Researchers (2018)

More details on the financial model can be found in Section 3.6. Mission-Driven AlliancesUnderpinning our proposal is the belief that societies, colleges, universities, libraries, presses, and other scholarly institutions and organizations share a common mission to support the creation and distribution of research and scholarship to improve the lives of people and to help solve the world's most challenging problems.John Willinksy makes a particularly convincing case for OA along these lines in his book The Access Principle. 12Few question the societal benefit of providing wider access to research that could help citizens make informed decisions about their health care or enable a small business to innovate and help fuel the economy, but an equally compelling case can be made for providing access to political or policy research that improves the effectiveness of an NGO working in the Democratic Republic of the Congo or literary criticism on the works of Alice Munro or Edwidge Danticat that inspires students at an under-resourced high school.Restricting access to research benefits no one and runs counter to the stated mission of educational and not-forprofit institutions.While our proposed model admittedly challenges the traditional focus, work processes, and financial operations of our institutions, it also enables them to more fully achieve their mission.
Super-helices for predicting the dynamics of natural hair (2006)

Simulating human hair is recognized as one of the most difficult tasks in computer animation. In this paper, we show that the Kirchhoff equations for dynamic, inextensible elastic rods can be used for accurately predicting hair motion. These equations fully account for the nonlinear behavior of hair strands with respect to bending and twisting. We introduce a novel deformable model for solving them: each strand is represented by a Super-Helix , i.e., a piecewise helical rod which is animated using the principles of Lagrangian mechanics. This results in a realistic and stable simulation, allowing large time steps. Our second contribution is an in-depth validation of the Super-Helix model, carried out through a series of experiments based on the comparison of real and simulated hair motions. We show that our model efficiently handles a wide range of hair types with a high level of realism.
R 2 Line Optical Maser Action in Ruby (1962)

Optical maser action at the R2 line in ruby has been observed. Because of a fast thermal relaxation between the two 2E levels, it is not usually possible to satisfy the maser conditions at the R2 line when stimulated emission is occurring at the R1 line. However, if maser action can be suppressed at the R1 line, even at high inversion, it can be made to occur at the R2 line by the appropriate selection of operating conditions. This has been accomplished by using, for end reflectors, multilayer dielectric interference filters which have high transmission at the R1 line and low transmission at the R2 line. The selection of the operating conditions requires a correction of the absorption coefficients for the R1 and R2 lines based on the Boltzmann distribution between the two excited states. When the Boltzmann correction is made, the calculations show reasonable requirements on pumping threshold and reflectivities.
Assessment of detection method using mechanical waves generated by serial arc for airborne application (2020)

This paper presents a study of the propagation of mechanical waves, generated by a serial arc in DC, along an electrical wiring system. It is shown that the serial arc generates a wideband mechanical disturbance, which propagates along a material medium. The propagation conditions and frequencies for a relevant detection are analyzed and discussed. Then, in order to quantify the detection method performances under representative airborne conditions, a mock-up is built with cables bundles, terminal blocks and clamps. Firstly, the system response to a mechanical shock is studied. The propagation key characteristics are quantified: transverse and longitudinal propagation modes are investigated, in order to establish whether one is prominent. Attenuation phenomena linked to propagation along the conductor’s strands, to the presence of terminal blocks and to the cables insulation, are quantified. The coupling between adjacent electrical poles is studied. Then, a DC serial arc is generated and accelerations are measured on various points of the mock-up. An evaluation is made of the maximum distance for which a serial arc can be detected, as a function of the arc power. Finally, the opportunity to use this technique, in order to detect a serial arc on an aircraft, is summarized.
Mailbag (1979)

The Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing (JWOCN) is the premier publication for wound, ostomy and continence practice and research. The Journal’s mission is to publish current best evidence and original research to guide the delivery of expert health care. The WOCN Society is a professional nursing society which supports its members by promoting educational, clinical and research opportunities to advance the practice and guide the delivery of expert health care to individuals with wounds, ostomies and continence care needs.
Up-regulation of Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-β Receptors by TGF-β1 in COLO-357 Cells (1998)

In the present study we investigated the actions of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 on gene induction and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in relation to TGF-beta receptor modulation in COLO-357 pancreatic cancer cells. TGF-beta1 inhibited the growth of COLO-357 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner and caused a rapid but transient increase in plasminogen activator inhibitor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 mRNA levels. TGF-beta1 caused a delayed but sustained increase in the protein levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p15(Ink4B), p21(Cip1), and p27(Kip1) and a sustained increase in type I and II TGF-beta receptors (TbetaRI and TbetaRII) mRNA and protein levels. The protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (10 microg/ml) completely blocked the TGF-beta1-mediated increase in TbetaRI and TbetaRII expression. Furthermore, a nuclear runoff transcription assay revealed that the increase in receptor mRNA levels was due to newly transcribed RNA. There was a significant increase in TbetaRI and TbetaRII mRNA levels in confluent cells in comparison to subconfluent (</=80% confluent) controls, as well as in serum- starved cells when compared with cells incubated in medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. COLO-357 cells expressed a normal SMAD4 gene as determined by Northern blot analysis and sequencing. These results indicate that TGF-beta1 modulates a variety of functions in COLO-357 cells and up-regulates TGF-beta receptor expression via a transcriptional mechanism, which has the potential to maximize TGF-beta1-dependent antiproliferative responses.
Intrinsic Dipole-Field-Driven Mesoscale Crystallization of Core−Shell ZnO Mesocrystal Microspheres (2009)

Novel uniform-sized, core-shell ZnO mesocrystal microspheres have been synthesized on a large scale using a facile one-pot hydrothermal method in the presence of the water-soluble polymer poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate). The mesocrystal forms via a nonclassical crystallization process. The intrinsic dipole field introduced by the nanoplatelets as a result of selective adsorption of the polyelectrolyte on some polar surfaces of the nanoparticles acts as the driving force. In addition, it plays an important role throughout the mesoscale assembly process from the creation of the bimesocrystalline core to the apple-like structure and finally the microsphere. Our calculation based on a dipole model confirms the dipole-field-driven mechanism forming the apple-like structure.
43.3: Slot Die Coating for OLED Displays (2008)

Abstract Slot die coating is a cost‐effective, scalable process for applying continuous organic layers in OLED displays. Uniform submicron coatings can be obtained on patterned OLED backplanes from low viscosity fluids. Coating and drying defects can be reduced by adjusting fluid properties, e.g., surface tension, viscosity and concentration.
Temporary Liquid Crystals in Microemulsion Systems (1988)

The transport processes between and in W/O microemulsions in contact with water were determined by direct analysis at different times of the concentrations of the components at different distances from the interface between the microemulsion and the water. The results demonstrated pronounced variation of the transport rate in different parts of the microemulsions when in contact with water. This variation caused an interface to appear within the oil phase and also gave rise to temporary liquid crystals at high cosurfactant/surfactant content. The presence of high concentrations of salt changed the microemulsion region considerably, but had only limited effect on the transport properties. The main effect was that the duration of the liquid crystal presence was shortened and that an isotropic liquid middle phase was formed.
The Development of New User Research Capabilities in Environmental Molecular Science: Workshop Report (2006)

On August 1, and 2, 2006, 104 scientists representing 40 institutions including 24 Universities and 5 National Laboratories gathered at the W.R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a National scientific user facility, to outline important science challenges for the next decade and identify major capabilities needed to pursue advanced research in the environmental molecular sciences. EMSL’s four science themes served as the framework for the workshop. The four science themes are 1) Biological Interactions and Interfaces, 2) Geochemistry/Biogeochemistry and Surface Science, 3) Atmospheric Aerosol Chemistry, and 4) Science of Interfacial Phenomena.
Search for squarks and gluinos in final states with jets and missing transverse momentum at $$\sqrt{s}$$ s =13 $${\mathrm{TeV}}$$ TeV with the ATLAS detector (2016)

A search for squarks and gluinos in final states containing hadronic jets, missing transverse momentum but no electrons or muons is presented. The data were recorded in 2015 by the ATLAS experiment in [Formula: see text] proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. No excess above the Standard Model background expectation was observed in 3.2 [Formula: see text] of analyzed data. Results are interpreted within simplified models that assume <i>R</i>-parity is conserved and the neutralino is the lightest supersymmetric particle. An exclusion limit at the 95 % confidence level on the mass of the gluino is set at 1.51 [Formula: see text] for a simplified model incorporating only a gluino octet and the lightest neutralino, assuming the lightest neutralino is massless. For a simplified model involving the strong production of mass-degenerate first- and second-generation squarks, squark masses below 1.03 [Formula: see text] are excluded for a massless lightest neutralino. These limits substantially extend the region of supersymmetric parameter space excluded by previous measurements with the ATLAS detector.
Lumped-Parameter Modeling of Visco-Elastically Coupled Rigid Bodies Using Clifford’s Biquaternions (2000)

Abstract This work considers the problem of modeling visco-elastically coupled rigid bodies, with application to modeling and computer simulation of spatial, flexural mechanisms. A method of modeling visco-elastic coupling based on Clifford’s biquaternions (dual quaternions) is presented. The potential utility of the method is demonstrated by simulating the behavior of a complex spatial, flexural mechanism.