gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Barriers to Shift-Left Security (2021)

Background: Automated unit and integration tests allow software development teams to continuously evaluate their application's behavior and ensure requirements are satisfied. Interest in explicitly testing security at the unit and integration levels has risen as more teams begin to shift security left in their workflows, but there is little insight into any potential pain points developers may experience as they learn to adapt their existing skills to write these tests. Aims: Identify security unit and integration testing pain points that could negatively impact efforts to shift security (testing) left to this level. Method: An mixed-method empirical study was conducted on 525 Stack Overflow and Security Stack Exchange posts related to security unit and integration testing. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) was applied to identify commonly discussed topics, pain points were learned through qualitative analysis, and links were analyzed to study commonly-shared resources. Results: Nine topics representing security controls, components, and scenarios were identified; Authentication was the most commonly tested control. Developers experienced seven pain points unique to security unit and integration testing, which were all influenced by the complexity of security control designs and implementations. Most linked resources were other Q&A posts, but repositories and documentation for security tools and libraries were also common. Conclusions: Developers may experience several unique pain points when writing tests at this level involving security controls. Additional resources are needed to guide developers through these challenges, which should also influence the creation of strategies and tools to help shift security testing to this level. To accelerate this, actionable recommendations for practitioners and future research directions based on these findings are highlighted.
Fertility preservation education for pediatric hematology-oncology fellows, faculty and advanced practice providers: a pilot study (2021)

Infertility secondary to chemotherapy, myeloablative conditioning regimens prior to stem cell transplantation, radiation therapy, and/or surgery is an important cause of morbidity and psychosocial distress among pediatric cancer patients. Known options exist for fertility preservation; however, knowledge among providers varies. We conducted a pilot study with an educational intervention over one-hour for hematology-oncology faculty, fellows, and advanced practice providers. Participants completed pre-/post-test assessment on fertility preservation knowledge. Participants' pretest mean (SD) score was 53% (17%), which significantly increased to 72% (11%) in the post-test (<i>p</i> = 0.0004). We demonstrated that a fertility education intervention could improve knowledge regarding infertility risk assessment and fertility preservation options.
Efficacy and Safety of Roflumilast in Korean Patients with COPD (2016)

Roflumilast significantly improved lung function with a tolerable safety profile in Korean COPD patients irrespective of the severity of airflow limitation.
Predicting skin penetration of actives from complex cosmetic formulations: an evaluation of inter formulation and inter active effects during formulation optimization for transdermal delivery (2012)

Twenty products, containing a radiolabelled form of each active in typical cosmetic formulations, were made and applied to female human epidermal membranes mounted in Franz diffusion cells for 48 h under 'in use' conditions. The products consisted of combinations of five formulations (a hydro-alcoholic gel, an oil in water emulsion, a water in oil emulsion, a microemulsion and an oil) with four model drug actives (testosterone, hydrocortisone, 5-fluorouracil and ketoconazole). Steady-state flux appeared to be reached by 8 h and maintained for all products, other than for the microemulsions, consistent with the actives being present in the residual formulation on the skin at saturation. The recovery for each active at the end of the 48-h study (from a series of stratum corneum tape strips, the remaining skin, cumulative amount penetrating into the receptor solution, product washed from the skin and on the donor chamber cap) ranged from 86.5% to 100.6%. The rank order of the fluxes for the actives from the hydro-alcoholic gel is consistent with the known active molecular size and polarity determinants for maximum epidermal flux. Actives with similar steady-state (maximum) fluxes from a range of formulations had retention in the stratum corneum and similar transport rate constants through the stratum corneum. The microemulsion formulation significantly enhanced both the stratum corneum steady-state flux and transport rate constant for 5-fluorouracil, hydrocortisone and testosterone. The penetration flux of each active could be related to its size and polarity and appeared maximal when the actives in the different cosmetic formulations applied to the skin under 'in use' conditions were likely to remain in the residual product on the skin as a saturated solution after solvent evaporation. Enhanced penetration fluxes can be achieved by formulation selection and an appropriate choice/mix of emollients/adjuvants. The principles described here provide a framework for understanding the delivery of cosmetic ingredients from various formulations.
Study of three-body charged decays ofKL0 (1975)

An experiment using a wire-chamber magnetic spectrometer was performed at SLAC to obtain the form factors for ${K}_{L}^{0}$ decays. This experiment was designed to measure efficiently all three major decay modes ${K}_{3\ensuremath{\pi}}$, ${K}_{e3}$, and ${K}_{\ensuremath{\mu}3}$ simultaneously. For the ${K}_{3\ensuremath{\pi}}$ decay, we measured the slope parameter $a=\ensuremath{-}4.69\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.17$. We find for the semileptonic modes ${K}_{e3}$ and ${K}_{\ensuremath{\mu}3}$ that ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{+}=+0.044\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.006$, ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{0}=+0.024\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.013$, and $\ensuremath{\xi}(t)=\ensuremath{-}0.20\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.15$. All the uncertainties quoted above include systematic effects.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and NMR Spectroscopic Characterization of New Adenine‐ and 6‐Thioxopurinecarboxamidines. (1990)

Abstract The synthesis and NMR spectroscopic characterization of the title compounds (III), (V) and (VI) is described.
PRODUCTION OF PEANUT PROTEIN (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPRODUCTION OF PEANUT PROTEINJ. Pominski, W. O. Gordon, E. J. McCourtney, H. L. E. Vix, and E. A. GastrockCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1952, 44, 4, 925–928Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50508a058https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50508a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views31Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Microwave Remote Sensing for Land Hydrology Research and Applications: Introduction to the Special Issue (2010)

This special issue focuses on recent advances in microwave remote sensing for hydrologic research and applications. Papers in this special issue cover topics addressed at the International Workshop on Microwave Remote Sensing for Land Hydrology Research and Applications held in Oxnard, CA, on October 20-22, 2008. Current research in understanding and predicting phenomena related to the global water cycle has emphasized the need for: (1) better observations and characterizations of land surface parameters that govern water and energy exchanges between the surface and atmosphere, and (2) long-term measurements of these parameters over a range of spatial and temporal scales. Recent advances in active and passive microwave sensing have indicated the potential of spaceborne microwave sensors for measuring hydrologic variables of soil, vegetation, snow, and surface water. Using improved data assimilation techniques, it is now possible to integrate remotely sensed and <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">in situ</i> observations from multiple sources in a physically consistent framework for comprehensive assessments of the water status of the land hydrosphere and biosphere.
Optimized Structure of Nanoporous Carbon-Based Double-Layer Capacitors (2004)

Electrochemical double-layer capacitors with micro-to-nanoporous electrodes based on activated carbon utilize the gross interface between carbon and the electrolyte, which fills the pores of two main classes, (i) micrometer voids between agglomerates of carbon grains and micro-to-nanometer pores inside agglomerates and grains. The bigger pores provide good transport of ions throughout the layer whereas the smaller pores generate a large interfacial area. This essentially bifunctional architecture prompted us to combine two complementary concepts in the pertinent theory of double-layer capacitors, viz. linear transmission line models and self-affine fractal models. The merit of this structure-based approach, involving also the effect of hindrance of ionic conductivity in nanopores, is that it relates basic structural characteristics to the dynamic performance. Practically, with no fitting parameters, it reproduces the main features of recently reported complex impedance data. This refers to the effect of electrode thickness, constant phase angle (CPA) and crossover between CPA and non-CPA behavior. Routes toward the optimization of the capacitor architecture for the largest possible static capacitances and rapid charging-discharging are explored. The comparison of calculated optimum capacitance values with recent experimental data reveals remarkable reserves for advanced structural design. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
The TerraSAR-X Mission and System Design (2009)

This paper describes the TerraSAR-X mission concept within the context of a public-private partnership (PPP) agreement between the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and the industry. It briefly describes the PPP concept as well as the overall project organization. This paper then gives an overview of the satellite design and the corresponding ground segment, as well as the main mission parameters. After a short introduction to the scientific and commercial exploitation scheme, this paper finally focuses on the mission accomplishments achieved so far during the ongoing mission.
Introduction of an ultraviolet laser-induced degradation test system for optical coatings (2016)

A novel degradation test system for optical coatings is presented, allowing to quantify the effect of UV-laser irradiation applied for extended periods of time, sample operating temperature and atmosphere on the performance of optical components.
Assessing and managing soil quality for sustainable agricultural systems (2008)

This brief presentation summarizes some of the major findings of the cross cutting research activity on soil quality including inexpensive and relatively quick methods for measuring soil quality and soil degradation. However, more appropriate methods need to need to be developed to measure changes in soil organic matter.
Point of care using simple/rapid HIV tests (2006)

Movement of HIV testing to point of care (POC) has been facilitated by the availability of simple/rapid anti-HIV immunoassays. These assays have been used at health centres in the United States, Canada and at voluntary counselling and testing centres in developing countries. While this approach has revolutionised HIV screening in some areas, there are ethical, legal and quality assurance considerations that must be addressed before POC HIV testing is universally accepted.
Investigation on the Influence of Highly Oriented Texture and Internal Stress on Fatigue Crack Growth (2021)

Fatigue crack propagation stage is considered to be the dominant in fatigue fracture of welded joints and some solutions regarding stress issue have been developed. It is known that fatigue crack forms slip band at crack tip and propagates by accumulation of irreversible deformation against cyclic loading. Then if angle difference between (110) plane which is the main slip plane of body centered cubic lattice and the plane of which angle is 45° to the crack plane with respect to crack propagation direction is maximum, suppression of fatigue crack growth is expected. And the delay of fatigue crack growth is also expected, when the compressive stress is developed in the steel plate. In the present study, fatigue crack path and fatigue crack growth rate in the test steel with highly oriented texture and internal stress distribution were investigated. The angular difference with (110) plane and crack plane got largest by accumulating the (110) plane perpendicular to the plane thickness direction and propagating the crack in the thickness direction. Fatigue crack growth rate of steel with highly oriented texture was lower than that of normalized steel, and the crack growth was remarkably suppressed when compressive stress was superimposed inside the steel plate. It is considered that crack closure effect by fracture surface contact with increase of the fracture surface ruggedness appeared, because fatigue crack branching and bending in steel with highly oriented texture were observed.
New Building Blocks for the Noncovalent Assembly of homo- and hetero-Multinuclear Metallodendrimers (1997)

Ligands 5 and 8, derived from the coupling of [3,5-bis[(diphenylphosphinyl)methyl]phenyl]oxy groups to bi- and trifunctional spacers, respectively, were cyclometalated with Pd[CH3CN]4(BF4)2, cis-[PtCl2(PPh3)2], or NiCl2·6H2O. The cationic Pd and Pt complexes were converted into overall neutral Pd−Cl and Pt−Cl complexes. The resulting pincer complexes can be used as building blocks for the controlled assembly of both homo- and hetero-multinuclear metallodendrimers. The 31P NMR spectra of the pincer complexes exhibit different shifts for chloride, H2O, or nitrile occupying the fourth coordination site, making the 31P chemical shift an excellent diagnostic tool for the assembly process.
The Arabidopsis Mutant cev1 Links Cell Wall Signaling to Jasmonate and Ethylene Responses (2002)

Biotic and abiotic stresses stimulate the synthesis of jasmonates and ethylene, which, in turn, induce the expression of genes involved in stress response and enhance defense responses. The cev1 mutant has constitutive expression of stress response genes and has enhanced resistance to fungal pathogens. Here, we show that cev1 plants have increased production of jasmonate and ethylene and that its phenotype is suppressed by mutations that interrupt jasmonate and ethylene signaling. Genetic mapping, complementation analysis, and sequence analysis revealed that CEV1 is the cellulose synthase CeSA3. CEV1 was expressed predominantly in root tissues, and cev1 roots contained less cellulose than wild-type roots. Significantly, the cev1 mutant phenotype could be reproduced by treating wild-type plants with cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors, and the cellulose synthase mutant rsw1 also had constitutive expression of VSP. We propose that the cell wall can signal stress responses in plants.
Justification of rapid prototyping in the development cycle of thermoplastic‐based lab‐on‐a‐chip (2011)

During the developmental cycle of lab-on-a-chip devices, various microstructuring techniques are required. While in the designing and assay implementation phase direct structuring or so-called rapid-prototyping methods such as milling or laser ablation are applied, replication methods like hot embossing or injection moulding are favourable for large quantity manufacturing. This work investigated the applicability of rapid-prototyping techniques for thermoplastic chip development in general, and the reproducibility of performances in dependency of the structuring technique. A previously published chip for prenatal diagnosis that preconcentrates DNA via electrokinetic trapping and field-amplified-sample-stacking and afterwards separates it in CGE was chosen as a model. The impact of structuring, sealing, and the integration of membranes on the mobility of the EOF, DNA preconcentration, and DNA separation was studied. Structuring methods were found to significantly change the location where preconcentration of DNA occurs. However, effects on the mobility of the EOF and the separation quality of DNA were not observed. Exchange of the membrane has no effect on the chip performance, whereas the sealing method impairs the separation of DNA within the chip. The overall assay performance is not significantly influenced by different structuring methods; thus, the application of rapid-prototyping methods during a chip development cycle is well justified.
Analysis of Intracellular Properties of Individual Biological Cells Using Label-Free High Frequency Microfluidic Biosensor (2015)

International audience
Dislocated accountabilities in the “AI supply chain”: Modularity and developers’ notions of responsibility (2023)

Responsible artificial intelligence guidelines ask engineers to consider how their systems might harm. However, contemporary artificial intelligence systems are built by composing many preexisting software modules that pass through many hands before becoming a finished product or service. How does this shape responsible artificial intelligence practice? In interviews with 27 artificial intelligence engineers across industry, open source, and academia, our participants often did not see the questions posed in responsible artificial intelligence guidelines to be within their agency, capability, or responsibility to address. We use Suchman's “located accountability” to show how responsible artificial intelligence labor is currently organized and to explore how it could be done differently. We identify cross-cutting social logics, like modularizability, scale, reputation, and customer orientation, that organize which responsible artificial intelligence actions do take place and which are relegated to low status staff or believed to be the work of the next or previous person in the imagined “supply chain.” We argue that current responsible artificial intelligence interventions, like ethics checklists and guidelines that assume panoptical knowledge and control over systems, could be improved by taking a located accountability approach, recognizing where relations and obligations might intertwine inside and outside of this supply chain.
A baseline learning genetic fuzzy classifier based on low quality data (2009)

Joint 2009 International Fuzzy Systems Association World Congress, IFSA 2009 and 2009 European Society of Fuzzy Logic and Technology Conference, EUSFLAT 2009 (2009. Lisbon)
Berechnung von Korrekturwinkeln für Hohe Tibia Osteotomie anhand von 3d Oberflächendruckverteilungen im Knie. (2012)

Der Korrekturwinkel fur Hohe Tibia Osteotomien (HTO) wird ublicherweise geometrisch mit Hilfe von Ganzbeinstandaufnahmen ermittelt. Es wird angenommen, dass die mechanische Achse zwischen Femurkopf und Sprunggelenk durch das Kniezentrum fuhren muss, um eine optimale Druckverteilung zwischen lateralem und medialem Kompartment herzustellen. Dabei werden individuelle Unterschiede in der Form des Tibiaplateaus und der Femurkondylen auser Acht gelassen. In dieser Arbeit wird ein Ansatz zur biomechanischen Bestimmung des Korrekturwinkels uber die explizite Berechnung der Druckverteilung innerhalb des Knies mit Hilfe der Diskrete Elemente Analyse (DEA) vorgestellt. Diese Methode ist daruber hinaus in der Lage, auch bereits degeneriertes Knorpelgewebe zu modellieren. Schlusselworte: Diskrete Elemente Analyse, DEA, Hohe Tibia Osteotomie, HTO, Biomechanik, Druckverteilung
Chemical Modification of Bacterial Cellulose for the Development of an Antibacterial Wound Dressing (2020)

Bacterial cellulose is a bacterially derived polymer with great potential for application in wound healing due to its innate properties such as high biocompatibility and biodegradability. In addition to this, it is naturally biosynthesized by bacteria as a hydrogel, which makes it an optimal substrate for the treatment of dry wounds, where additional moisture is required to facilitate the healing process. However, this polymer lacks antibacterial properties. As bacterial infections are becoming increasingly common and difficult to treat due to antimicrobial resistance, it is of crucial importance to develop strategies for the modification of cellulose to ensure protection against bacterial contamination. In this study, a green-chemistry approach was proposed for the functionalization of cellulose to introduce antibacterial functional groups. Two different active agents, namely glycidyl trimethylammonium chloride and glycidyl hexadecyl ether, were used for the covalent derivatization of the hydroxyl groups of glucose through a heterogeneous reaction in basic aqueous conditions. The modified material was chemically and mechanically characterized by solid-state techniques and rheological measurements. A biological assessment was then carried out both using bacterial cells and human keratinocytes. It was observed that the functionalization performed induced a reduction of approximately half of the bacterial population within 24 h of direct contact with <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> subsp. aureus Rosenbach 6538P<sup>TM</sup> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (Migula) Castellani and Chalmers ATCC<sup>®</sup> 8739<sup>TM</sup> (respectively, a reduction of 53% and 43% in the cell number was registered for the two strains). In parallel, cytotoxicity studies performed on keratinocytes (HaCaT cell line) showed cell viability in the range of 90 to 100% for up to 6 days of direct contact with both unmodified and modified samples. The morphology of the cells was also visually evaluated, and no significant difference was noted as compared to the control. Finally, the <i>in vitro</i> scratch assay evidenced good wound closure rates in the presence of the samples, with complete coverage of the scratched area after 5 days for both the modified cellulose and the positive control (i.e., keratinocytes growth medium). Overall, the modified hydrogel showed promising features, confirming its potential as an alternative substrate to develop a sustainable, antibacterial and biocompatible wound dressing.