gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cytochrome b, flavins, and ubiquinone-50 in enucleated human neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocyte cytoplasts). (1984)

Neutrophilic granulocytes contain an oxidase system in their plasma membrane that can be activated to generate superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide. Cytochrome b, flavoprotein, and ubiquinone-50 have been proposed as components of this oxidase system. These components have been quantitated, but the results are obscured by different isolation procedures for plasma membranes from resting and activated neutrophils. This problem has now been avoided by the use of enucleated neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocyte cytoplasts), which are almost completely devoid of intracellular structures but contain an intact, activatable oxidase system (Roos, D., Voetman, A.A., and Meerhof, L.J. (1983) J. Cell Biol. 97, 368-377). Membranes of resting and phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated cytoplasts contain equal amounts of cytochrome b (4 pmol/milliunit of alkaline phosphatase) and also equal amounts of noncovalently bound FAD (2 pmol/milliunit of alkaline phosphatase). These findings refute the hypothesis that incorporation of cytochrome b and/or a flavoprotein into the plasma membrane constitutes the mechanism of activation of the oxidase system. Ubiquinone-50 is present neither in intact neutrophils nor in cytoplasts, excluding a role for this compound in the generation of bactericidal oxygen species by neutrophils.
Locally-delivered antibiotics for management of periodontitis: current understanding. (2013)

The primary etiology of periodontitis is bacterial plaque in a susceptible host. In an attempt to eradicate or reduce periopathogenic bacterial levels, locally-delivered antibiotic (LDA) agents have been suggested and have shown promising results. By applying the antibiotics locally, clinicians are able to overcome some of the disadvantages of systemic antibiotics in the management of periodontal patients. However, selecting a specific LDA to treat periodontitis out of the many available agents is not an easy task. Furthermore, timing of when to apply these agents can also be challenging. This literature review discusses the current understanding of the use of LDA in the management of periodontitis. A decision tree was developed in an attempt to guide the clinician in understanding the indications for the use of controlled delivery antimicrobial agents as an adjunct or alternative to traditional treatment modalities.
Efficacy and Safety of Teriflunomide in Multiple Sclerosis across Age Groups: Analysis from Pooled Pivotal and Real-world Studies (2021)

Background: Evidence suggests that efficacy and safety of disease-modifying treatments for multiple sclerosis may differ with age. We evaluate efficacy and safety of teriflunomide across age subgroups of patients from pooled clinical trials and real-world studies. Methods: Post hoc analyses of patients who received teriflunomide 14 mg in the pooled phase II and III TEMSO, TOWER, TENERE, and TOPIC core and extension studies (n = 1978), and the real-world Teri-PRO (n = 928) and TAURUS-MS I (n = 1126) studies were conducted. Data were stratified by age at study entry: ⩽25, &gt;25 to ⩽35, &gt;35 to ⩽45, and &gt;45 years. In Teri-PRO and TAURUS-MS I, an additional group, &gt;55 years, was assessed. Results: In the pooled core studies, teriflunomide reduced annualized relapse rate (ARR) versus placebo across all ages. Unadjusted ARRs remained low across age groups in pooled extensions (0.18-0.30), Teri-PRO (0.10-0.35), and TAURUS-MS I (0.14-0.35). Baseline Expanded Disability Status Scale scores were higher with age, but stable through core and extension studies (mean increases over 7 years: ⩽25 years, +0.59; &gt;25 to ⩽35 years, +0.46; &gt;35 to ⩽45 years, +0.35; &gt;45 years, +0.81). Across age groups, adverse event (AE) incidences were 78.4% to 90.7% in pooled core and extension studies and Teri-PRO, and 29.2% to 37.7% in TAURUS-MS I; serious AE incidences were ⩽21.3% in all studies. In pooled phase III and Teri-PRO studies, lymphocyte count decreases over 1 year after initiating teriflunomide, and proportions of patients developing lymphopenia, were small across age groups. Conclusions: Teriflunomide efficacy was demonstrated regardless of age. Safety was generally consistent across age groups.
Improved chirp FSK modem for high reliability communications in shallow water (2002)

Reliable underwater acoustic communications devices are critical for the transmission of data between AUVs and remote sensors. This paper discusses a high reliability shallow water acoustic modem developed for communication between AUV and general oceanographic use. The modem uses 56 narrow band chirp FM pulses, each centered at a unique frequency located in the range of 16 kHz to 32 kHz. Data rates vary from 221 data bits per second to 1172 data bits per second, depending on the mode of transmission. Packets of information are synchronized using an adjustable number of chirp pulses in a known frequency hop pattern, followed by transmission format information and data. An "auto-baud" mode uses information garnered from previous transmissions adaptation of the bit rate to the acoustic environment. At the lowest rate, a four time slot frequency hop pattern is used to provide maximum immunity to multipath interference. The modem is capable of using both half rate convolutional and BCH encoding in order to maximize error resilience. Performance analysis based on numerous field trials is presented,.
A novel photochemical, pH-controlled synthesis of organochromium complexes (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA novel photochemical, pH-controlled synthesis of organochromium complexesAndreja Bakac, James A. Janni, and James H. EspensonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 6, 1088–1090Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00032a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00032a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views35Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Magnetic-field tuning of the low-temperature state ofYbNiSi3 (2007)

We present detailed data from low-temperature magnetization, magnetoresistance, and specific heat measurements on single-crystal $\mathrm{Yb}\mathrm{Ni}{\mathrm{Si}}_{3}$ with the magnetic field applied along the easy magnetic axis, $H\ensuremath{\Vert}b$. An initially antiferromagnetic ground state changes into a field-stabilized metamagnetic phase at $\ensuremath{\sim}16\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kOe}$ $(T\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0)$. On further increase of the magnetic field, magnetic order is suppressed at $\ensuremath{\sim}85\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kOe}$. No non-Fermi-liquid-like power law was observed in the resistivity in the vicinity of the critical field for $T\ensuremath{\geqslant}0.4\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. Heat capacity measurements suggest that the applied magnetic field splits the nearly degenerate crystal-electric-field levels that form the zero-field ground state of $\mathrm{Yb}\mathrm{Ni}{\mathrm{Si}}_{3}$. The functional behaviors of the resistivity and specific heat are discussed in comparison with those of the few other stoichiometric heavy fermion compounds with established field-induced quantum critical points.
Spatiotemporal components of sustained functional hyperemia are differentially modulated by locomotion and silenced with vascular chemogenetics (2021)

ABSTRACT Neural activity underlying sensation, movement or cognition drives regional blood flow enhancement – termed functional hyperemia – to increase the oxygen supply to respiring cells for as long as needed to meet energy demands. However, functional hyperemia is often studied under anesthesia which typically yields response profiles that appear temporally and spatially homogenous. We have insufficient understanding of the underlying kinetics of oxygen delivery in awake animals, especially during specific behaviours that may influence neurally-driven enhancements in cerebral blood flow. Using widefield intrinsic optical signal imaging in awake, head-fixed but active mice, we demonstrated distinct early and late components to changes in intravascular oxygenation in response to sustained (30s) whisker stimulation. We found that the late component (20-30s), but not the early component (1-5s), was strongly influenced by level of whisking/locomotion in the region of highest response and in surrounding regions. Optical flow analyses revealed complex yet stereotyped spatial properties of the early and late components that were related to location within the optical window and the initial state of the cerebral vasculature. In attempt to control these complex response characteristics, we drove a canonical microvasculature constriction pathway using mural cell Gq-chemogenetic mice. A low-dose of systemic C21 strongly limited both the magnitude and spatial extent of the sensory-evoked hemodynamic response, showing that functional hyperemia can be severely limited by direct mural cell activation. These data provide new insights into the cerebral microcirculation in the awake state and may have implications for interpreting functional imaging data.
Association of Plasma Sphingomyelin Levels and Incident Coronary Heart Disease Events in an Adult Population (2009)

A high plasma sphingomyelin level is not associated with an increased risk of incident CHD in population-based adults free of clinical cardiovascular disease at baseline.
Constrained Bipartite Vertex Cover: The Easy Kernel is Essentially Tight (2016)

The CONSTRAINED BIPARTITE VERTEX COVER problem asks, for a bipartite graph G with partite sets A and B, and integers k_A and k_B, whether there is a vertex cover for G containing at most k_A vertices from A and k_B vertices from B. The problem has an easy kernel with 2 * k_A * k_B edges and 4 k_A * k_B vertices, based on the fact that every vertex in A of degree more than k_B has to be included in the solution, together with every vertex in B of degree more than k_A. We show that the number of vertices and edges in this kernel are asymptotically essentially optimal in terms of the product k_A * k_B. We prove that if there is a polynomial-time algorithm that reduces any instance (G,A,B,k_A,k_B) of CONSTRAINED BIPARTITE VERTEX COVER to an equivalent instance (G',A',B',k'_A,k'_B) such that k'_A in (k_A)^{O(1)}, k'_B in (k_B)^{O(1)}, and |V(G')| in O((k_A * k_B)^{1 - epsilon}), for some epsilon > 0, then NP subseteq coNP/poly and the polynomial-time hierarchy collapses. Using a different construction, we prove that if there is a polynomial-time algorithm that reduces any n-vertex instance into an equivalent instance (of a possibly different problem) that can be encoded in O(n^{2- epsilon}) bits, then NP subseteq coNP/poly.
Novel field assisted photocathodes with nanoscale grating antennas (2009)

A field-assisted photocathode is the only existing one that has high sensitivity at the wavelength beyond 1100nm. The photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) with the field-assisted photocathode have been widely used for the low light level detection in a near infrared region. These have been used, for example, as high sensitivity, fast response detectors for time resolved photoluminescence measurement of semiconductors and the measurement of singlet oxygen emission from living organism. However, the higher dark currents are the substantial disadvantage for the field-assisted photocathodes. Recently, we reported on the field-assisted photocathode with surface plasmon antennas in order to reduce the dark currents. In this presentation, we present the spectral response characteristics of the field-assisted photocathodes with the nanoscale grating antennas fabricated on the surface in order to guide the incident photon fluxes into the nanoscale apertures of the photocathode by the surface plasmon resonance. In addition, the comparisons of the spectral response characteristics between the calculations and the experimental results are demonstrated. The results show the nanoscale grating antennas serve to guide the incident photon fluxes into the nanoscale apertures of the photocathodes. The results also exhibit the nanoscale metallic antennas would be utilized to realize a photocathode with extremely low dark current especially in the near infrared region.
167 Effect of Storage Time and Temperature of a Commercial Embryo Holding Medium on the Maturation Kinetics of Immature Bovine Oocytes (2017)

The effect of holding time and temperature during storage of immature bovine oocytes in a commercial embryo holding medium (EHM; Syngro® Ltd., Livingston, United Kingdom) was evaluated. Ovaries were collected at the local slaughterhouse and processed within 2 h. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) were collected and allocated to groups of 60. The COC were held in 1-mL sterile glass osmometer tubes, filled to the top with the EHM to limit the amount of air. Vials were capped and covered with parafilm to ensure a tight seal and prevent leakage. Tubes were stored for 6 h at 4°C, room temperature (RT), or 38.5°C; for 10 h at 4°C and RT; and for 14 h at RT. Next, oocytes were fixed after storage in EHM (immature holding) or fixed after being held in EHM and subsequent 22-h maturation at 38.5°C in 5% CO2 in humidified air (mature holding). Maturation medium consisted of modified bicarbonate-buffered TCM-199 supplemented with gentamycin and epidermal growth factor. During all experiments, a control group was included each time. The control consisted of groups of 60 COC immediately fixed after collection or transferred to maturation medium for 22 h and subsequently fixed. Nuclear maturation of oocytes was assessed after Hoechst 33342 staining, using a 400× magnification fluorescence microscope. A total of 3043 COC were evaluated in 3 replicates. Oocytes maturation stages were classified as (1) oocytes in germinal vesicle stage, (2) oocytes in meiotic progression (diakinesis, metaphase I, or anaphase), (3) matured (telophase I or metaphase II), and (4) degenerated (degraded chromatin). Oocytes remained at the germinal vesicle stage when held in EHM (without subsequent maturation) regardless of holding time and temperature (P &amp;gt; 0.05). When oocytes were held for 6 h and subsequently matured (Table 1), the number of matured oocytes was significantly lower for oocytes held at 38.5°C compared with the other groups (control, RT, and 4°C). When held for 10 h, the oocyte maturation rate was similar between the control and RT groups (P &amp;gt; 0.05), but it was significantly lower in oocytes held at 4°C. Last, when compared with oocytes held at RT for 14 h, the maturation rate was higher in the control group (P &amp;lt; 0.05). To conclude, immature bovine oocytes can be successfully held in EHM at RT for up to 10 h. Storing immature oocytes in EHM can delay oocyte maturation and concomitantly synchronize maturation. Table 1. Kinetics of cumulus-oocyte complex nuclear status after storage in embryo holding medium for different times and temperatures and subsequent 22-h maturation
Frame theoretic quantization for limited feedback MIMO beamforming systems (2005)

In an uncorrelated Rayleigh fading channel, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) beamforming-combining systems can attain full diversity and significant array gain using channel knowledge at the transmitter. In the absence of channel knowledge at the transmitter, a beamforming vector can be quantized at the receiver using a fixed pre-determined codebook of beamforming vectors and the codeword index can be sent to the transmitter. Designing optimal codebooks (that maximize expected SNR) is an open problem and vector quantization (VQ) and Grassmannian line packings (GLP) have been proposed as possible solutions. In this paper, a mutual information based codebook design criterion is introduced and equiangular frames (EF) are proposed as beamforming codebooks satisfying this criterion. Besides providing a systematic way to design codebooks, EFs result in higher receive signal-to-noise ratio compared to codebooks designed using VQ or GLP.
Ferromagnetic Chain Based on Verdazyl-Nitroxide Diradical (2020)

Verdazyl-nitroxide diradicals were synthesized using the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of the corresponding iodoverdazyls with a nitronyl nitroxide-2-ide gold(I) complex with high yields (up to 82%). The synthesized diradicals were found to be highly thermally stable and have a singlet (DEST » -64 cm–1) or triplet ground state (DEST ³ 25 and 100 cm–1), depending on which canonical hydrocarbon diradical type they belong to. Upon crystallization, triplet diradicals form unique one-dimensional (1D) spin S = 1 chains of organic diradicals with intrachain ferromagnetic coupling of J′/kB from 3 to 6 K.
Photonic Damascene process for integrated high-Q microresonator based nonlinear photonics (2016)

High confinement, integrated silicon nitride (SiN) waveguides have recently emerged as an attractive platform for on-chip nonlinear optical devices. The fabrication of high-Q SiN microresonators with anomalous group velocity dispersion has enabled broadband nonlinear optical frequency comb generation. Such frequency combs have been successfully applied in coherent communication and ultrashort pulse generation. However, the reliable fabrication of high confinement waveguides from stoichiometric, high stress SiN remains challenging. Here we present a novel photonic Damascene fabrication process enabling the use of substrate topography for stress control and thin film crack prevention. With close to unity sample yield we fabricate microresonators with 1.35 mu m thick waveguides and optical Q-factors of 3.7 x 10(6) and demonstrate single temporal dissipative Kerr soliton based coherent optical frequency comb generation. Our newly developed process is also interesting for other material platforms, photonic integration, and mid-infrared Kerr comb generation. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
Insights from a Global Engineering Outreach Course (2014)

A two-semester multi-disciplinary Global Engineering Outreach (GEO) course was initiated in 2007 to provide an opportunity for junior and senior-level engineering and technology students to design and implement humanitarian-based engineering projects in developing communities. Recently, the course was integrated with a sociology course to enhance the educational opportunities between social scientists and engineers. During the GEO course, students work on small-scale projects that are selected in conjunction with members of the developing communities. Students regularly interact with community members during project development. Following the GEO course, students participate in a two-week implementation trip. Learning outcomes associated with the course are described and assessment results show that many aspects of the learning outcomes are being met but there is room for improvement. In addition, following years of experience, several insights have been identified to help improve the course, community engagement, and implementation trip. Finally, several key aspects that are noteworthy for involving students in designing and implementing projects in developing communities are described.
Mesomorphic Behavior of Some New Fluorene Compounds (1984)

Abstract Several new fluorene derivatives have been synthesized and their liquid crystalline polymorphic behavior examined. Specifically, 2-fluorenylmethylidene-4′-n-alkylanilines with different alkyl groups are compared with corresponding compounds wherein the alkyl groups have been replaced either by the alkoxy or other different groups. In addition, some of the 4-alkyl and alkoxybenzylidene-2-aminofluorenes have also been prepared for comparison. Many of these compounds show not only the nematic phase but also two smectic phases. The presence of a lateral substituent in analogous compounds decreases the nematic-isotropic transition by about 60[ddot]C.
In Situ Control of Oxygen Vacancies in TaOx Thin Films via Plasma-Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition for Resistive Switching Memory Applications (2017)

The plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) process using Ta(OC<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>5</sub> as a Ta precursor and plasma-activated hydrogen as a reactant for the deposition of TaO<sub>x</sub> films with a controllable concentration of oxygen vacancies (V<sub>O</sub>) is reported herein. The V<sub>O</sub> concentration control was achieved by varying the hydrogen volume fraction of the hydrogen-argon mixture in the plasma, allowing the control of the leakage current density in the tantalum oxide films within the range of 5 orders of magnitude compared with the Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> film grown via thermal ALD using the identical Ta precursor and H<sub>2</sub>O. Temperature-dependent current-voltage measurements combined with Poole-Frenkel emission modeling demonstrated that the bulk trap depth decreases with the increasing hydrogen volume fraction, which could be attributed to the increase of the V<sub>O</sub> concentration. The possible chemical change in the PEALD TaO<sub>x</sub> films grown under different hydrogen volume fractions was confirmed by the in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements of the Ta 4f core and valence band spectra. The comparison of the XPS-measured nonstoichiometry and the secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis of the hydrogen content allowed this study to conclude that the nonstoichiometry is largely related to the formation of Ta-V<sub>O</sub> sites rather than of Ta-H sites. Such oxygen-deficient TaO<sub>x</sub> layers were studied for application as an oxygen-deficient layer in a resistance switching random access memory stack (Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/TaO<sub>x</sub>) where the actual switching occurred within the stoichiometric Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> layer. The bilayer memory stack showed reliable resistance switching up to ∼10<sup>6</sup> switching cycles, whereas the single-layer Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> memory showed only several hundred switching cycles.