gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of immune responses to HPVinfection and during HPV‐directed immunotherapy (2010)

The recent development of vaccines prophylactic against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has the potential to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer globally by up to 70% over the next 40 years, if universal immunization is adopted. As these prophylactic vaccines do not alter the natural history of established HPV infection, immunotherapies to treat persistent HPV infection and associated precancers would be of benefit to assist with cervical cancer control. Efforts to develop immuno-therapeutic vaccines have been hampered by the relative non-immunogenicity of HPV infection, by immunoregulatory processes in skin, and by subversion of immune response induction and immune effector functions by papillomavirus proteins. This review describes HPV-specific immune responses induced by viral proteins, their regulation by host and viral factors, and highlights some conclusions from our own recent research.
Tuning Energetic Material Reactivity Using Surface Functionalization of Aluminum Fuels (2012)

Combustion analysis of three different thermites consisting of aluminum (Al) particles with and without surface functionalization combined with molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) was performed to study the effect of surface functionalization on flame propagation velocity (FPV). Two types of Al particles had self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of perfluoro tetradecanoic (PFTD) and perfluoro sebacic (PFS) acids around the alumina shell, respectively; the other one did not. Flame speeds for Al with PFTD acid combined with MoO3 are 86% higher than Al/MoO3 whereas those for Al with PFS acid combined with MoO3 are almost half of Al/MoO3. The Al–PFTD structure is more sterically hindered and exhibits lower bond dissociation energy. This chemistry promotes increased flame speeds. Thermal equilibrium studies were performed using a differential scanning calorimeter and a thermogravimetric analyzer to determine activation energy (Ea) of the thermites. Results are consistent with flame speed observations and showed an inverse relationship between flame speed and Ea. This study shows that surface functionalization can be used as an approach to control the reactivity of Al particles.
Nutrient Removal Technology in North America and the European Union: A Review (2006)

Abstract The European Union (EU) has implemented effluent (emission) standards since 1991, while North America practices a riskbased, imission approach. Progressing eutrophication and large fees for discharged loads push EU countries toward more stringent effluent concentrations, below total nitrogen (TN) levels of 10 mg/L and total phosphorus (TP) levels of 1 mg/L. In North America, the limit of treatment technology (LOT) concept has been defined as the lowest economically achievable effluent quality, which for TN is &amp;lt;1.5 to 3 mg/L and TP is &amp;lt;0.07 mg/L. These limits are becoming targets in fragile ecoregions in North America and drive the technology solutions towards a combination of advanced biological nutrient removal process trains, followed by chemical polishing and solids separation by granular or cloth filters or membranes. In Western Canada one-biomass biological nutrient removal processes are used, such as Westbank or Step-feed, often followed by filtration to achieve low effluent total phosphorus levels. Eastern Canada has a less stringent approach to nitrogen control and practices chemical phosphorus removal. Requirement for total nitrogen removal and rising costs of phosphorus precipitation drive designers towards advanced one-biomass processes and full utilization of carbon (for denitrification and phosphorus removal) available in raw wastewater and primary sludge. New processes are developed to take advantage of carbon available in waste activated sludge or even in the recycled activated sludge. Sludge treatment return streams have high nutrient loads and novel processes are introduced for their treatment, some utilizing generated nitrifier biomass for bio-augmentation of the main stream nitrification process. The impact of sludge processing on the liquid train and vice versa is now fully embedded in the design process.
Inducible genomic instability: Inducible genomic instability: New insights into the biological effects of ionizing radiation (2000)

The biological consequences of exposure to ionizing radiation include gene mutation, chromosome aberrations, malignant transformation and cell death. These effects are attributed to the production of irreversible damage at the time of the irradiation. However, there is now considerable evidence that cells that have survived irradiation may produce descendants in which a high frequency of de novo chromosome aberrations and gene mutations arise or in which there is an enhanced death rate. These delayed effects are manifestations of an induced genomic instability. All the various delayed effects are induced at very high frequency and are unlikely to be due to conventional mutational changes. At present little is understood of the processes involved in the initiation of inducible instabilities and in the maintenance and transmission of the phenotype over many generations of cell replication. However, it is becoming evident that the expression of inducible instability has a strong dependence on the type of radiation exposure, the cell type irradiated and the 'genetic predisposition' of the irradiated cell. Radiation-induced genomic instability presents a major challenge to conventional radiobiology concepts and has important implications for mechanistic studies of radiation action particularly in the context of radiogenic malignancy.
Holographic nanometer alignment system for a half-micron wafer stepper (1987)

An excellent reticle to wafer overlay accuracy (0.064µm/3σ) was achieved using an holographic nanometer alignment system for a wafer stepper. This alignment system performs as an ideal interferometer using two conjugate beams diffracted from a wafer alignment grating. The remarkable characteristic of the alignment system is the high Signal/Noise ratio which is independent of the surface roughness such as caused by Al deposition. As a result, overlay accuracy was maintained within 0.07µm/3σ on various substrate conditions. Alignment offset caused by the alignment mark deformation was proportional to the asymmetricity of the alignment mark and that is consistent with the calculated results.
Development of morphing wing driven by antagonistic shape memory alloy wires (2019)

In this study, morphing wing that has flexible flap driven by antagonistic shape memory alloy (SMA) wire is developed. The lightweight actuator mechanism using antagonistic SMA wires is designed to realize the bending and tortional deformations of the flap. To measure the required driving force for the flap angle, two electric motors instead of the SMA wires are first used to actuate the flap. Then, based on the measured force, a novel mechanism that uses antagonistic SMA wires are desigined. Experimental results for wind tunnel tests on the developed wing model showed the validity of the proposed actuation mechanism for bending and tortional actuations of the flap. However the expected flap angles were unexpctedly limited. Finally, the reason for the limited flap angles is discussed.
Device specific modelling of the nonlinear joint transform correlator using LCLV (2003)

Introduces a real-time nonlinear device such as a liquid crystal light valve (LCLV) which serves as a detector as well as a nonlinear threshold device. Unlike other previous methods, no optic-to-electronic-to-optic conversion is necessary, since the function of the square law detector is performed by the LCLV as required by joint Fourier transform. Nonlinearity was introduced via an optically addressable spatial light modulator in the joint transform correlator in an attempt to improve the relatively poor cross-correlation peak power as compared to the DC power. The nonlinearity was modeled using a curve-fitting technique and then the whole system was modeled in a computer. The simulation results are compared with the experimental results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ESTRATÉGIAS DE VACINAÇÃO CONTRA LEISHMANIOSE VISCERAL E CUTÂNEA: LIÇÕES DOS MODELOS EXPERIMENTAIS (2009)

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil
TypeSQL: Knowledge-Based Type-Aware Neural Text-to-SQL Generation (2018)

Tao Yu, Zifan Li, Zilin Zhang, Rui Zhang, Dragomir Radev. Proceedings of the 2018 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 2 (Short Papers). 2018.
Efficient on-line computation of constrained optimal control (2003)

For discrete-time linear time-invariant systems with constraints on inputs and outputs, the constrained finite-time optimal controller can be obtained explicitly as a piecewise-affine function of the initial state via multi-parametric programming. By exploiting the properties of the value function, we present two algorithms that efficiently perform the online evaluation of the explicit optimal control law both in terms of storage demands and computational complexity. The algorithms are particularly effective when used for model-predictive control (MPC) where an open-loop constrained finite-time optimal control problem has to be solved at each sampling time.
A multiple-pass ring oscillator based dual-loop phase-locked loop (2009)

A dual-loop phase-locked loop (PLL) for wideband operation is proposed. The dual-loop architecture combines a coarse-tuning loop with a fine-tuning one, enabling a wide tuning range and low voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) gain without poisoning phase noise and reference spur suppression performance. An analysis of the phase noise and reference spur of the dual-loop PLL is emphasized. A novel multiple-pass ring VCO is designed for the dual-loop application. It utilizes both voltage-control and current-control simultaneously in the delay cell. The PLL is fabricated in Jazz 0.18-μm RF CMOS technology. The measured tuning range is from 4.2 to 5.9 GHz. It achieves a low phase noise of –99 dBc/Hz @ 1 MHz offset from a 5.5 GHz carrier.
Microscale magnetic components for DC-DC converter applications (2006)

Core materials for microinductors and microtransformers were assessed for operation in the MHz frequency range. The performance of electrodeposited nickel-iron, cobalt-iron- copper alloys and the commercial alloy Vitrovac 6025 have been examined through their inclusion within a custom-made solenoid microinductor. Inductance values ranging from 0.3 μH to 120 μH with component power efficiency above 90% have been measured. Although the present inductor, at 500 KHz, achieves 91% power efficiency for 2.4 W/cm3 power density, an optimized component achieved a power efficiency of 94% for 28 W/cm3 power density.
Photo-Guided Exploration of Volume Data Features (2017)

In this work, we pose the question of whether, by considering qualitative information such as a sample target image as input, one can produce a rendered image of scientific data that is similar to the target. The algorithm resulting from our research allows one to ask the question of whether features like those in the target image exists in a given dataset. In that way, our method is one of imagery query or reverse engineering, as opposed to manual parameter tweaking of the full visualization pipeline. For target images, we can use real-world photographs of physical phenomena. Our method leverages deep neural networks and evolutionary optimization. Using a trained similarity function that measures the difference between renderings of a phenomenon and real-world photographs, our method optimizes rendering parameters. We demonstrate the efficacy of our method using a superstorm simulation dataset and images found online. We also discuss a parallel implementation of our method, which was run on NCSA's Blue Waters.
Two-dimensional enzyme electrode sensor for glucose (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTwo-dimensional enzyme electrode sensor for glucoseDavid A. Gough, Joseph Y. Lucisano, and Pius H. S. TseCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 12, 2351–2357Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00289a042Request reuse permissionsArticle Views975Altmetric-Citations185LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of advanced glycation end products on endotoxin-induced TNF-a, IL-1b and IL-8 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (2004)

These results demonstrate that in the strict absence ofendotoxins, AGE are formed that do not stimulate cytokine production from PBMC of healthy donors, however, AGE significantly augment the synthesis and release of proinflammatory cytokine in the presence of low concentrations of endotoxins. The data suggest that renal replacement therapies should consider the role of microbial products in potentiating the biological consequences of naturally formed AGE and their potential to contribute to systemic and local inflammation in renal replacement therapies. Therefore, although the formation of AGE is unavoidable, excluding microbial products during renal replacement therapy should reduce the pathological consequences of AGE.
Modulation of small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) expression in the mouse uterus by estradiol and progesterone (2011)

The patterns of expression of these SLRPs in the uterine tissues were found to be hormone-dependent and uterine compartment-related. These results reinforce the existence of subpopulations of endometrial fibroblasts, localized into distinct functional uterine compartments, resembling the organization into basal and functional layers of the human endometrium.
A –90 dBm Sensitivity Wireless Transceiver Using VCO-PA-LNA-Switch-Modulator Co-Design for Low Power Insect-Based Wireless Sensor Networks (2014)

This paper presents a wireless transceiver intended for insect-based wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The transceiver utilizes several design techniques developed to meet the challenging low power and low size requirements in insect-based WSNs. The techniques include current reuse in the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) and power amplifier (PA), fast PLL on/off switching for low-power on/off keying (OOK) modulation, and switching between transmit and receive (TX/RX) modes without an off-chip switch. Also, the VCO, PA, low noise amplifier (LNA), OOK modulator, and TX/RX switch are co-designed and integrated into a single block to reduce the system complexity significantly. The transceiver is designed and fabricated in a 0.13-μm CMOS process. The transmitter provides an output power in the range of -30 dBm to -4.4 dBm while consuming an average power of 1.2 mW to 4.5 mW. The phase locked-loop (PLL) does not use a high-Q external resonator, and its phase noise depends on the PA output power because of the current reuse in the VCO and PA. The PLL phase noise at 1 MHz offset at 2.4 GHz varies from -103.3 dBc/Hz to -116.7 dBc/Hz. The receiver achieves a sensitivity of -90 dBm at 1 Mbps data rate for a BER = 0.1%. An example wireless sensor node design utilizing the proposed wireless transceiver achieves a modest weight of 1 gram, and a small form factor of 12.5 mm × 12.5 mm.
Petroleum Bioremediation in Seawater Using Guano as the Fertilizer (2006)

ABSTRACT The biodegradation of hydrocarbon pollutants in open systems, such as oceans, is generally limited by the availability of utilizable nitrogen and phosphorus sources. Here the authors demonstrate the potential of overcoming this problem with guano as the fertilizer. In the first set of experiments, the principle and conditions for growing bacteria on a water insoluble fertilizer was established, using uric acid as the nitrogen source and a pure culture of an isolated hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium, Alcanivorax sp. OK2. Using a simulated open system, it was demonstrated that uric acid (the major nitrogen component of guano) binds to crude oil and is available for the growth of strain OK2 and petroleum degradation. In the second set of experiments, using a simulated open system, it was demonstrated that commercial guano was an effective source of nitrogen and phosphorus for the growth of marine bacteria on crude oil. Bacterial cultures reached over 108 cells per ml and 70% of the crude oil was degraded. Controls using ammonium sulfate and phosphate in place of guano in the simulated open system reached only 106 cells per ml and showed no detectable hydrocarbon degradation. Isolation and characterization of the bacteria in the crude oil/guano cultures indicated that they were primarily strains of Alcanivorax and Alteromonas.
Development of Selective Peptide Catalysts with Secondary Structural Frameworks (2017)

Enzymes are biogenic catalysts that enable the vital activity of organisms. Enzymes promote reactions in a selective manner with a high level of substrate recognition ability. The development of such a sophisticated catalyst has been one of the goals for chemists. A synthetic peptide is the prime candidate to realize an enzyme-like catalyst. Considering that the catalytic function of enzymes derives from their molecular structures, the key for the creation of a peptide catalyst might be the introduction of a specific three-dimensional structure. Our motivation was to find a peptide catalyst with a versatile secondary structural framework and apply the peptide to a variety of selective reactions. Although helical-peptide-catalyzed asymmetric epoxidation of enones is popular, no other highly enantioselective reaction with a helical peptide has been reported. It was found that resin-supported α-helical polyleucine promoted asymmetric conjugate addition of a carbon nucleophile to enones via the formation of an iminium intermediate at the N-terminal amino group. By changing the helical chain to a repetitive Leu-Leu-Aib (Aib = α-aminoisobutyric acid) sequence and introducing a few amino acids to the N-terminus, a highly enantioselective peptide catalyst was obtained. The helical peptide catalyst was applicable for a tandem enamine/iminium-mediated reaction and asymmetric epoxidation of enones. Although the extension of the helical peptide to conjugate addition of a nucleophile to an enal was not successful simply by attaching proline to the N-terminus of the helix, the incorporation of a β-turn motif was effective to improve the catalytic performance. In the sequence of such a turn-helix-type peptide, the helical part was seemingly distant from the N-terminal amino group; however, the hydrophobicity, structure, and chirality of the helix largely affected the reaction. The turn-helix-type peptide promoted a wide range of asymmetric reactions: conjugated additions of hydride and carbon nucleophiles to enals via the iminium activation and α-oxyamination of aldehydes via the enamine activation. The peptides with turn-helix and helix frameworks were also employed for several reactions that were difficult to achieve with low-molecular-weight catalysts: enzyme-cocatalyzed asymmetric oxidation in water, diastereo- and enantioselective cyclopropanation, regioselective reduction of dienals, kinetic resolution of planar-chiral compounds, and desymmetrization to induce planar chirality. To explore other types of peptide catalysts, a combinatorial library screening was performed. On the way, it was revealed that a histidyl residue assisted to accelerate a reaction via reversible addition to an iminium intermediate. Through the screening of random peptide libraries, novel peptide sequences for efficient and enantioselective conjugate addition were discovered. Although we have no information about the molecular structure of the newly found peptides, they can be an entry point for establishing a versatile framework of peptide catalysts.
Roles of neurotransmitter receptors in behavior: Recovery of function following decreases in muscarinic receptor density induced by cholinesterase inhibition. (1989)

Cholinergic neurotransmitter levels were elevated in rat brain by reducing its inactivating enzyme, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), with an anti-AChE agent. Elevated levels result in decreases in cholinergic (muscarinic) receptors. Withdrawal of agent after 10 days of chronic treatment began a gradual return of neurochemical variables toward normal states, yet not fully achieving them within the following 29 days of the experiment. All behavioral and physiological variables measured showed significant effects at the start of the treatment period, developing tolerance at different rates as treatments continued. They also recovered differentially during withdrawal. Results are consistent with a theoretical model in which thresholds for normal functioning of different behavioral and physiological processes are associated with different receptor densities.
Effects of Hypoxic Hypoxia on Cerebral Phosphate Metabolites and pH in the Anesthetized Infant Rabbit (1985)

The effects of hypoxic hypoxia on high-energy phosphate metabolites and intracellular pH (pHi) in the brain of the anesthetized infant rabbit were studied in vivo using 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Five 10- to 16-day-old rabbits were anesthetized with 1.5% halothane. Ventilation was controlled to maintain normocarbia. Inspired O2 fraction was adjusted to produce three states of arterial oxygenation: hyperoxia (PaO2 greater than 250 mm Hg), normoxia (PaO2 approximately 100 mm Hg), and hypoxia (PaO2 25-30 mm Hg). During hypoxia, blood pressure was kept within 20% of control values with a venous infusion of epinephrine. During hyperoxia, the phosphocreatine-to-ATP ratio was 0.86, a value that is 2-2.5 times less than that reported for adults. During normoxia, ATP decreased by 20% and Pi increased by 90% from hyperoxia values. During 60 min of hypoxia, the concentrations of high-energy phosphate metabolites did not change, but intracellular and arterial blood pH (pHa) decreased significantly. When hyperoxia was reestablished, pHi returned to normal and pHa remained low. These results suggest that during periods of hypoxemia, the normotensive infant rabbit maintains intracellular concentrations of cerebral high-energy phosphates better than has been reported for adult animals.
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Internationalized String Preparation (2006)

The previous Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) technical
specifications did not precisely define how character string matching
is to be performed. This led to a number of usability and
interoperability problems. This document defines string preparation
algorithms for character-based matching rules defined for use in LDAP.
[STANDARDS-TRACK]