gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Reference Image Sharing Method for the Parallel Video Encoding Architecture (2022)

Video coding hardware is essential for various video applications, and to meet demands for higher resolution, the parallel video encoding architecture is often adopted, in which reference images are shared among encoder modules to maintain coding efficiency. However, conventional sharing methods are not always efficient in utilization of transferred image data. In this paper, we propose a method to reduce the amount of data transfer efficiently by using both pre-transfer and on-demand transfer. Experimental results show that the data transfer can be reduced to 19.8-35.3% of the conventional method on average although the access error rate increases to 0.5-2%. This makes it possible to reduce the required bandwidth of the inter-chip interface by saving the amount of data transfer.
Expression of adult and tadpole specific globin genes fromXenopus laevisin transgenic mice (1991)

Transgenic mice were generated which carried the adult alpha and beta-globin genes and the major tadpole specific beta-globin gene of Xenopus laevis. The adult specific alpha and beta genes were found to express in erythroid tissues in adult mice, while the major tadpole specific beta gene (beta T1) was expressed in blood from 12.5 day embryos. The pattern of expression of the beta T1 gene during mouse development was consistent with its being regulated as an embryonic globin gene in the mouse. This observation suggests that some of the factors mediating globin switching have been conserved during the evolution of modern amphibia and mammals and raises interesting questions concerning the evolution of vertebrate globin gene switching.
The use of biaxial geogrids for enhancing the performance of sub-ballast and ballast layers—previous experience and research (2009)

This paper describes experiences in the use of biaxial geogrids in rail applications. Since their first use more than 25 years ago, geogrids have been used for ballast/ sub-ballast reinforcement on many occasions on main line track projects, industrial rail spurs and the development of intermodal yards. Incorporated within unbound aggregate layers, geogrids interact with the surrounding aggregate particles to help carry the tensile loads imposed by rail vehicles. In the early application of geogrids within the ballast and sub-ballast layers of rail structures, the products were typically used to provide an extension of the roadbed service life. In more re-cent times however, the emphasis seems to have switched, whereby the focus tends to be more on a reduction in the thickness of the ballast layer, or more likely the underlying subballast. The adoption of this approach is intended to maximize “up front” cost savings for the project. In the UK, the approach to roadbed thickness reduction has progressed to such an extent that clear guidance now exists to allow the designer to quantify the reduction that can be attained using geogrid reinforcement; this is provided by Network Rail (the country’s National Rail Authority) in their Code of Practice RT/CE/C/039 (2003).
Anatomy and Physiology of the Eye. Physiological Aspects of Ocular Drug Therapy (2019)

The eye is a unique organ, from an anatomical and physiological point of view, in that it contains several highly different structures with specific physiological functions. This chapter provides a condensed general view of the anatomy and physiology of the eye much from the perspective of ocular drug delivery. The anterior segment of the eye comprises the cornea, conjunctiva, iris, ciliary body, the anterior and posterior chambers, and the lens. The cornea is the anteriormost transparent membrane of the eye continuing posteriorly as the sclera. The corneal epithelium contains large amounts of acetylcholine and choline esterases. The corneal endothelium is a single dell layer facing the anterior chamber. The conjunctiva can be regarded as a mucous membrane covering the inner surface of the eyelids and the visible part of the sclera. The eyelids consist of four main layers: the skin, the muscle layer, a layer of fibrous tissue or the tarsus, and the conjunctiva.
Frontispiece: ortho‐Quinones and Analogues Thereof: Highly Reactive Intermediates for Fast and Selective Biofunctionalization (2018)

Ortho-quinones, generated in situ by oxidation of catechols or phenols, are highly reactive cyclic structures with a unique reactivity profile. In particular, ortho-quinones readily undergo Michael addition or Diels–Alder cycloaddition, thereby enabling fast and selective functionalization. In this Mireview by F. van Delft et al. on page 4749 ff., a comprehensive summary is provided of chemistry based on ortho-quinones, thereby enabling the preparation of conjugates of oligonucleotides and/or proteins. Applications of the biomolecular conjugates are found in surface modification and protein functionalization.
Ramonismos contemporáneos: la greguería en las obras de Juan Manuel de Prada, Juan Bonilla y Ray Loriga (2014)

El presente ensayo analiza la presencia de la greguería en las obras de tres autores que empezaron a publicar en los años 90 del siglo XX, cuando estaba en alza una novela marcada por un crudo realismo juvenil, entre las aristas del cual afloró un sorprendente redescubrimiento de Ramón Gómez de la Serna, cuya influencia es notoria en Juan Manuel de Prada y Juan Bonilla, mientras que se refleja de forma sesgada en Ray Loriga, ya que su pluma, más escueta, pule la greguería a través de la canción y del magisterio de Marguerite Duras. En el caso de los primeros se asiste a una contraposición cáustica o humorística con respecto al realismo literario dominante, en cambio para Loriga se trata de una visión personal, debida tanto a una inclinación anímica como a una melancólica rebelión contra la sociedad.
Genome-wide patterns of homozygosity provide clues about the population history and adaptation of goats (2018)

Patterns of homozygosity (average number of ROH of 77 and genome coverage of 248 Mb; F<sub>ROH</sub> < 0.15) are similar in goats from different geographic areas. The increased homozygosity in local breeds is the consequence of their small population size and geographic isolation as well as of founder effects and recent inbreeding. The existence of three ROH hotspots that co-localize with signatures of selection demonstrates that selection has also played an important role in increasing the homozygosity of specific regions in the goat genome. Finally, most of the goat breeds analysed in this work display low levels of homozygosity, which is favourable for their genetic management and viability.
Pulsed field magnetometer for low-temperature study of high-performance permanent magnets (2000)

A pulsed magnetometer is useful for testing high-performance magnets because it can produce high magnetic fields that are sufficient to magnetically saturate them. We installed a cryostat in a pulsed magnetometer and tested several prevailing permanent magnets at low temperatures. The measurements were successfully performed down to 4.2 K, and it was shown that a pulsed magnetometer is useful for low-temperature measurement on permanent magnets as well as room-temperature measurements.
Unprecedented iron-catalyzed selective hydrogenation of activated amides to amines and alcohols (2016)

The first example of hydrogenation of amides homogeneously catalyzed by an earth-abundant metal complex is reported. The reaction is catalyzed by iron PNP pincer complexes. A wide range of secondary and tertiary N-substituted 2,2,2-trifluoroacetamides were hydrogenated to form amines and trifluoroethanol.
Reflectance anisotropy of Gd5Si2Ge2 and Tb5Si2.2Ge1.8 (2004)

Reflectance difference (RD) spectra for the a–b plane of the single crystals of Gd5Si2Ge2 and b–c planes of Gd5Si2Ge2 and Tb5Si2.2Ge1.8 were obtained in the photon energy range of 1.5–5.5 eV. Several peaks were observed for these crystals in the measured spectrum range. Similar features were observed in the RD spectra for the b–c planes of Gd5Si2Ge2 and Tb5Si2.2Ge1.8, while different features were observed for the a–b plane and b–c plane of Gd5Si2Ge2. The RD spectra for the crystals arise not only from the surface anisotropy but also from the bulk anisotropy due to the monoclinic structure of the bulk crystal.
Securing wireless data: system architecture challenges (2003)

Security is critical to a wide range of current and future wireless data applications and services. This paper highlights the challenges posed by the need for security during system architecture design for wireless handsets, and provides an overview of emerging techniques to address them. We focus on the computational requirements for securing wireless data transactions, revealing a gap between these requirements and the trends in processing capabilities of embedded processors used in wireless handsets. We also demonstrate that the use of security protocols causes significant degradation in battery life, a problem that will worsen due to the slow growth in battery capacities. These trends point to a wireless security processing gap that, unless addressed, will impede the deployment of secure high-speed wireless data and multi-media applications. We discuss approaches that are currently being pursued to bridge this gap, including low-complexity cryptographic algorithms, security enhancements to embedded processors, and advanced system architectures for wireless handsets that are enabled by new system level design methodologies.
In pancreatic cancer, chemotherapy increases antitumor responses to tumor-associated antigens and potentiates DNA vaccination (2020)

Overall, these data indicate that, in PDA, CT enhances immune responses to TAA and renders them suitable targets for IT.
Author response: Insights from a Pan India Sero-Epidemiological survey (Phenome-India Cohort) for SARS-CoV2 (2021)

Widespread asymptomatic SARS-CoV2 infection affected nearly 100 million Indians by September 2020 with a subsequent decline in new cases, which may be attributable to increased population immunity, albeit seeing reduced neutralization activity at 6 months this respite may be temporary.
Abnormal T regulatory cells (Tregs: FOXP3+, CTLA-4+), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs: monocytic, granulocytic) and polarised T helper cell profiles (Th1, Th2, Th17) in women with large and locally advanced breast cancers undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and surgery: failure of abolition of abnormal treg profile with treatment and correlation of treg levels with pathological response to NAC (2013)

Women with LLABCs have abnormal blood regulatory cell levels (Tregs and MDSCs) and cytokine profiles (Th1, Th2, Th17). NAC followed by surgery failed to abolish the abnormal Treg and Th profiles. There was a significant correlation between the circulatory levels of Tregs and the pathological response of the breast cancers to NAC.
Ultra-fast photonic crystal/quantum dot alloptical switch for future photonic networks (2004)

We demonstrated a novel two-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) based Symmetric Mach Zehnder type all-optical switch (PC-SMZ) with InAs quantum dots (QDs) acting as a nonlinear phase-shift source. The 600- ?m-long PC-SMZ having integrated wavelength-selective PC-based directional couplers and other PC components exhibited a 15-ps-wide switching-window with 2-ps rise/fall time at a wavelength of 1.3 ?m. Nonlinear optical phase shift in the 500-?m-long straight PC waveguide was also achieved at sufficiently low optical-energy (e.g., ??phase shift at ~100-fJ control-pulse energy) due to the small saturation energy density of the QDs, which is enhanced in the PC waveguide, without using conventional measures such as SOAs with current-injected gain. The results pave the way to novel PC- and QD-based photonic integrated circuits including multiple PC-SMZs and other novel functional devices.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Method for the Synthesis of Indole‐3‐acetic Acids. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Aromatic side chain analogs of cationomycin and their biological activities. (1988)

The aromatic side chain of cationomycin (1) was modified by the coupling the sodium salt of deacylcationomycin (2) with several aromatic carboxylic acids. There was a linear relationship between the logarithmic reciprocal minimal inhibitory concentration of the derivatives against Bacillus subtilis IFO 3513 and the logarithmic transport efficiency for the sodium ion. The anticoccidial activity of the anisyl analog (3) was higher than that of the parent compound (1).
Polytopic Oxazoline‐Based Chiral Ligands for Cyclopropanation Reactions: A New Strategy to Prepare Highly Recyclable Catalysts (2011)

Abstract New polytopic chiral copper complexes based on azabis(oxazoline) moieties have been synthesized and applied in cyclopropanation reactions of several alkenes. Excellent enantioselectivities have been obtained in all cases and additionally, the catalysts have been recovered in up to 14 cycles without noticeable loss of activity and selectivity. Analysis of the copper complexes by mass spectrometry suggests the formation of coordination polymers, representing the resting state of the catalysts.
Gq signaling in α cells is critical for maintaining euglycemia (2021)

Glucagon, a hormone released from pancreatic α cells, plays a key role in maintaining euglycemia. New insights into the signaling pathways that control glucagon secretion may stimulate the development of novel therapeutic agents. In this study, we investigated the potential regulation of α cell function by G proteins of the Gq family. The use of a chemogenetic strategy allowed us to selectively activate Gq signaling in mouse α cells in vitro and in vivo. Acute stimulation of α cell Gq signaling led to elevated plasma glucagon levels, accompanied by increased insulin release and improved glucose tolerance. Moreover, chronic activation of this pathway greatly improved glucose tolerance in obese mice. We also identified an endogenous Gq-coupled receptor (vasopressin 1b receptor; V1bR) that was enriched in mouse and human α cells. Agonist-induced activation of the V1bR strongly stimulated glucagon release in a Gq-dependent fashion. In vivo studies indicated that V1bR-mediated glucagon release played a key role in the counterregulatory hyperglucagonemia under hypoglycemic and glucopenic conditions. These data indicate that α cell Gq signaling represents an important regulator of glucagon secretion, resulting in multiple beneficial metabolic effects. Thus, drugs that target α cell-enriched Gq-coupled receptors may prove useful to restore euglycemia in various pathophysiological conditions.
Temporal Trends in Primary Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Preoperative PROMs from 2013-2021 (2023)

Background: Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) are utilized in total joint arthroplasty (TJA) to objectively evaluate patient function and track progress over time. Limited data exists on temporal trends of preoperative PROMs and any specific effect of COVID-19 on preoperative functional status. The objective of this study was to identify changes in preoperative PROMs over time, and determine the influence of COVID-19 on patient function prior to TJA. Methods: All patients undergoing unilateral primary total hip (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) by a single surgeon from 2013-2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Joint-specific preoperative PROMs and relevant covariates were compiled and evaluated. Time series, univariate, and multivariate analyses were performed to identify predictors of preoperative PROMs. Results: After exclusions, 1,105 THAs and 1,909 TKAs were available for analysis. Preoperative activity level steadily increased from 2015 to 2021 for THA patients. For TKA patients, PROMs similarly increased from 2015 to 2019, however, a decrease in activity level occurred in 2020. No time series differences were observed for HOOS JR or Knee Society “knee normal” scores. KOOS JR scores increased from 2016 to 2019, then decreased in 2020 and 2021. Knee pain with level walking and stair climbing steadily increased from 2013-2019 with an increase in 2020 for both scores. The COVID-19 era (cases performed from 2020 onward) was a significant predictor of higher UCLA scores for THAs (p=0.020); and worse pain with level walking, and KOOS JR scores for TKAs in multivariate analysis (p≤0.038). Conclusion: This study demonstrated detrimental effects of COVID-19 on preoperative patient functional status, particularly for TKA patients. Providers should consider the effects of surgical delays and how trends in preoperative PROMs are changing over time. These include rising activity levels of preoperative TJA patients overall and worsening knee pain and function in TKA patients during the COVID era.
Study, Design, Development and Construction of a Linear Tribometer for Testing Human Skin (2017)

The study of the tribological properties of the skin is a very important research field for medical investigation, development of dermatological products and the analysis of the interactions between textile products and the skin. To obtain these properties it is necessary to perform tests using tribological equipments which can simulate the conditions to obtain reliable values that will allow the measurement of skin wrinkling. The skin aggressions are usually analyzed using special equipments, known as tribometers, that enable the performance of the tribological characterization of a pair of materials, in order to obtain parameters such as friction coefficient and wear; for this purpose, the control of test variables, such as normal applied load, displacement speed, environmental conditions and other relevant circumstances which influence the interaction of surfaces in contact is required. The most important objective is the evaluation of a concept commonly known as touch, difficult to define and measure (which is related to the quantification of the level of comfort provided by the contact with the skin), with the requirement of studying soft materials, namely the skin. For that purpose it became necessary to design and manufacture a tribological equipment capable of responding to the demands of the required tests.
New approaches to practical guided-wave passive devices based on ion-exchange technologies in glass (1991)

For the use in cost-effective optical communication systems, two types of guided-wave devices have been studied using ion exchange in glass: (1) A microlens-loaded coupler module composed of a polarization-maintaining fiber array, a directional coupler and a twin-microlens array for coherent balanced receivers has been proposed and fabricated with an excess loss of 1.0 dB and an extinction ratio of _> 20 dB for 0-60 degC operation. (2) An optimum mask pattern for splitters has been devised theoretically and verified experimentally, which has reduced the scattering loss to < .0.1 dB and also suppressed their possible bimodal behavior in the branching region.
Impact of Delay on Hospitalization in Older Patients With Head and Neck Cancer: A Multicenter Study (2022)

This study highlights the importance and challenges of ensuring timely treatment initiation in older patients with HNC, as treatment delay was an independent predictor of hospitalization. During oncologic workup, taking time to consider patient-centered outcomes (including minimizing time spent in hospital) while ensuring timely start of treatment requires well-structured, fast-track care pathways.
An Examination of Principals' Perceptions of Professional Development in an Urban School District (2015)

School districts require teachers to engage in continuous learning of new skills. Federal and state laws rely on multiple indicators to measure and improve student performance. However, punitive attention through the No Child Left Behind legislation has been directed at professional development as a means to improve student academic achievement even though there is a diverse body of research linking professional development to student achievement and academic performance as a positive strategy in high-performing schools and districts. The specific purpose of this study is to examine principals’ perceptions of teacher professional development. These dimensions include: amount of time, sufficient resources, alignment with school improvement plan, datadriven, reflective, follow-up, collaboration, evaluation, implementation and student learning. The results of this research will help to validate the need for principal support of teachers having practice time to implement strategies introduced during professional development so that student achievement is positively impacted.
Hashcash - A Denial of Service Counter-Measure (2002)

Hashcash was originally proposed as a mechanism to throttle systematic abuse of un-metered internet resources such as email, and anonymous remailers in May 1997. Five years on, this paper captures in one place the various applications, improvements suggested and related subsequent publications, and describes initial experience from experiments using hashcash.
Thoracic Pedicle Screw Instrumentation (2009)

There is a significant learning curve associated with thoracic pedicle screw placement in AIS. We describe several technical steps that can be taken to increase the safety of screw placement at the beginning of the learning curve. Inexperienced surgeons should expect a gradual improvement over time in radiographic and clinical outcomes.
Immunohistochemical localization of ubiquitin cross‐reactive protein in human tissues (1995)

Ubiquitin cross-reactive protein (UCRP) is an interferon-inducible ubiquitin homologue which is constitutively present in cells and can be conjugated to other proteins. Using a characterized polyclonal antiserum to UCRP, immunohistochemical localization of UCRP was performed on paraffin-processed normal human tissues and in human tissues known to contain ubiquitinated intracellular inclusions. The antibody to UCRP immunostained lymphoid cells, striated and smooth muscle, several epithelia, and neurons. The level of staining varied greatly between tissues but was in a consistent punctate pattern. Localization to neuromuscular junctions and striations is similar to that described for antisera to ubiquitin-protein conjugates. Inclusion bodies characterized by immunoreactivity to anti-ubiquitin were not detected by the antibody to UCRP. Importantly, because UCRP may also be detected by antisera to conjugated ubiquitin, future studies on the distribution of ubiquitin in tissue sections must now take account of possible cross-reactivity with UCRP.
Serum Ferritin as a Clinical Markerfor Renal Cell Carcinoma: Influenc e of Tumor Size and Volume (1999)

Higher levels in the renal vein, its positive correlation with tumor size and volume suggest that ferritin is expressed by RCC. Initial peripheral serum values of ferritin can be indicative of disease status and also be a prognosticator of survival.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Synthesis of 3,5,6‐Trifluoropyridine‐2,4‐diol. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.