gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional Specialization amongst the Arabidopsis Toc159 Family of Chloroplast Protein Import Receptors[W] (2004)

The initial stages of preprotein import into chloroplasts are mediated by the receptor GTPase Toc159. In Arabidopsis thaliana, Toc159 is encoded by a small gene family: atTOC159, atTOC132, atTOC120, and atTOC90. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that at least two distinct Toc159 subtypes, characterized by atToc159 and atToc132/atToc120, exist in plants. atTOC159 was strongly expressed in young, photosynthetic tissues, whereas atTOC132 and atTOC120 were expressed at a uniformly low level and so were relatively prominent in nonphotosynthetic tissues. Based on the albino phenotype of its knockout mutant, atToc159 was previously proposed to be a receptor with specificity for photosynthetic preproteins. To elucidate the roles of the other isoforms, we characterized Arabidopsis knockout mutants for each one. None of the single mutants had strong visible phenotypes, but toc132 toc120 double homozygotes appeared similar to toc159, indicating redundancy between atToc132 and atToc120. Transgenic complementation studies confirmed this redundancy but revealed little functional overlap between atToc132/atToc120 and atToc159 or atToc90. Unlike toc159, toc132 toc120 caused structural abnormalities in root plastids. Furthermore, when proteomics and transcriptomics were used to compare toc132 with ppi1 (a receptor mutant that is specifically defective in the expression, import, and accumulation of photosynthetic proteins), major differences were observed, suggesting that atToc132 (and atToc120) has specificity for nonphotosynthetic proteins. When both atToc159 and the major isoform of the other subtype, atToc132, were absent, an embryo-lethal phenotype resulted, demonstrating the essential role of Toc159 in the import mechanism.
Long-term Outcomes of Lower Rectal Cancer Patients Treated with Total Mesorectal Excision and Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection after Preoperative Radiotherapy or Chemoradiotherapy (2021)

There were no significant differences in OS, RFS, or LR between SCRT and CRT, although CRT had a significantly greater histological therapeutic effect. The prognosis of the pathological LPNM-positive cases was significantly poorer than that of pathological LPNM-negative cases.
Regulation of carcinoma cell invasion by protein C inhibitor whose expression is decreased in renal cell carcinoma (2003)

Protein C inhibitor (PCI), a member of the serine protease inhibitor family, is produced in various human tissues, including the liver, kidney and testis. In addition to inhibiting the anticoagulant protein C pathway, PCI also inhibits urinary plasminogen activator (uPA), which is a well-known mediator of tumor cell invasion. In the present study, to clarify the biologic significance of PCI in the kidney, we compared the expression of PCI between human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissue and nontumor kidney tissue. The PCI antigen level in RCC tissue was found to be significantly lower than in nontumor kidney tissue, and expression of PCI mRNA was detected in normal renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (RPTEC), but not in RCC or in an RCC cell line (Caki-1 cells). No differences were detected between the nucleotide sequence of the major cis-elements in the promoter region of the PCI gene from nontumor kidney and RCC tissues, RPTEC and Caki-1 cells, an RPTEC-derived RCC cell line. The in vitro invasiveness of Caki-1 cells transfected with a PCI expression vector was significantly decreased compared to mock-transfected Caki-1 cells, and it was blocked in the presence of anti-PCI antibody. Since PCI itself did not affect the proliferation rate of Caki-1 cells or cell expression of uPA in vitro, the effect of uPA, PCI, heat-inactivated PCI and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 on the invasive potential of cultured RCC cells was evaluated. The in vitro invasiveness of Caki-1 cells, which express uPA, was significantly enhanced by the addition of uPA, and it was inhibited by anti-uPA antibody, PCI and PAI-1, but not by heat-inactivated PCI. In addition, uPA activity was significantly decreased and uPA-PCI complex level was significantly increased in the culture medium of PCI expression vector-transfected Caki-1 cells as compared to mock-transfected Caki-1 cells. These findings strongly suggest that PCI regulates the invasive potential of RCC cells by inhibiting uPA secreted by these cells. The results of our study suggest that PCI might be a potential therapeutic agent for inhibiting renal tumor invasion.
Drug Transport Across Pulmonary Epithelial Cell Monolayers: Effects of Particle Size, Apical Liquid Volume, and Deposition Technique (2010)

Although proven to be bioequivalent in vivo for each of the two drugs, the generic dry powder fomulations showed strikingly different epithelial transport rates in vitro, depending on the amount of apical liquid and the deposition technique, and suggesting that the dissolution of the aerosol particles in the apical liquid volume was rate limiting for the overall absorption rate. However, we found that the absorption rates of the formulations were similar after aerosolization and deposition in a multistage liquid impinger, which simulates more realistically the detachment of the drug crystals from the carrier lactose and their aerodynamic particle size-dependent deposition in the respiratory tract following inhalation from a dry powder inhaler. These data demonstrate the need for improved in vitro test systems to allow deposition of aerosol particles on the air-liquid interface cultivated cell monolayers by simultaneously taking into account aerodynamic properties.
Nanoparticle-mediated peptide delivery to liver sinusoidal endothelial cells protects from CD8 T cell-driven cholangitis (2020)

We have previously shown that delivery of MHC II-restricted autoantigen peptides to liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) using LSEC-targeting nanoparticles (NPs) provides effective protection from CD4 T cell-driven autoimmunity (Carambia et al. J Hepatol 2015). As LSECs are capable to cross-present exogenous peptides to CD8 T cells, we here investigated whether targeted delivery of MHC I-restricted autoantigen peptide to LSECs might serve antigen-specific treatment of CD8 T cell-driven autoimmunity. As a model, we used OT-I T cell-driven cholangitis in K14-OVAp mice expressing the cognate SIINFEKL peptide as autoantigen in cholangiocytes (Schwinge et al. J Immunol. 2015).
Development and testing of a static mechanical test device for measuring glass transition of amorphous food powders (2004)

A static mechanical test device was developed for measuring glass transition of powdered food materials. This device consists of a thermally controlled sample holder being attached to a texture analyser TA-XT2 (Stable Micro Systems, UK) which enables various types of mechanical compression test. Glass transition analysis of skim milk powder was carried out using force relaxation test (measurement of displacement using a constant compression force). Glass transition due to thermal plasticization causing physical changes from a dry, glassy state to a sticky, rubbery state can be determined at a point where a sudden displacement of the compression probe occurs. Skim milk powder sample was subjected to a specified compression force of 10 ‐ 50 N and thermal scanning of 10 ‐ 40°C/min to investigate the effect of these parameters on the glass transition measurement. It was found that compression force and thermal scanning rate had a significant effect on the glass transition measurement. The glass transition temperature measured by this technique was closely related to the results obtained from conventional DSC technique.
Novel coupler for gallium arsenide monolithic microwave integrated circuit applications (1988)

A novel type of coupled line structure has been used on a GaAs monolithic microwave integrated circuit to realise a 90° coupler operating over 2 to 10 GHz. The multilayer nature of the GaAs IC has been used to realise quasiplanar broadside coupled lines. The coupler has been folded to make it small and measures only 1.0×0.8 mm.
Updates from Global Spine Congress (2016)

Global Spine Journal (GSJ) and many of its editorial board attended Global Spine Congress in Dubai this April.GSJ hosted two successful AOSpine members only sessions on "How to Write, Publish, and Review a Paper."The sessions were led by the Editors-in-Chief of GSJ, and during this session, the key points to writing a paper were addressed, from study results to submission.The key points in reviewing papers were also addressed, which gave the potential authors great insight into the process.We were very excited to share these sessions with the AOSpine community, and based on the success of these sessions, we will be continuing and expanding this programming at next year's Global Spine Congress in Milan.GSJ also presented its annual best paper and best reviewer awards at the GSC closing ceremony.All of the winners received a certificate along with a cash prize.
Cabozantinib (XL184) in chemotherapy-pretreated metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC): Results from a phase II nonrandomized expansion cohort (NRE). (2012)

4513 Background: Cabozantinib (cabo) inhibits MET and VEGFR2. High rates of bone scan resolution, pain relief and overall disease control, independent of PSA changes, were previously reported in a phase II study in mCRPC patients (pts). This is a NRE cohort in docetaxel (D)-pretreated pts with a novel primary endpoint of bone scan response based on computer-aided quantitative assessment of bone scan lesion area (BSLA) and a double-reader, independent, blinded review (Nucl Med Commun, in press). Methods: D-pretreated (≥225 mg/m 2 ) CRPC pts with bone metastasis were required to have progressed in soft-tissue or bone within 6 months of last dose of D. Pts received 100 mg cabo qd. Tumor response was assessed q6 wks. Bone scan response (BSR) was defined by a ≥30% decline in BSLA. Pain intensity (worst pain over the past 24 hrs; BPI scale 0-10) and interference with sleep and daily activity were prospectively assessed using an IVR system. Analgesic use was collected by diary. Bone turnover markers and CTCs were assessed. Results: 93 D-pretreated pts were enrolled (89 evaluable with ≥6 wks f/u). Median age was 67, 46% received cabazitaxel and/or abiraterone, 32% had visceral disease, 51% had fatigue, and 18% had anemia. 44% had worst pain ≥4 of which 95% were taking narcotics. Median CTC count was 49 and 80% had ≥5. Median f/u was 125 days (range, 23-305). Of 85 pts evaluable for BSR, 51 (60%) had a PR, 24 (28%) SD, 5 (6%) PD and 5 (6%) d/c’d prior to f/u scan. 21/30 pts (70%) had reduction of measurable disease.16/33 pts (49%) with BPI ≥4 and ≥12 wks f/u had pain reduction durable for ≥6 wks; 46% had decreased narcotic use, including 27% who discontinued use. Sleep and daily activity were improved in pts with pain relief. Among pts with elevated serum levels, 74%, 67% and 47% had declines on treatment of ≥30% in CTx, NTx and bALP, respectively. In 59 pts with CTCs ≥5, 92% had a decrease of ≥30% and 39% converted to &lt;5 CTCs at weeks 6 or 12. 12% discontinued cabo due to AEs. Most common Gr 3/4 AEs were fatigue (19%), nausea (10%) and anemia (10%). Conclusions: Cabo treatment resulted in high rates of bone scan response, durable pain relief, and reductions in bone turnover markers and CTCs in D-pre-treated CRPC pts with bone metastases.
Modeling ameloblast-matrix interactions using 3D cell culture (2022)

The distinct morphology adopted by ameloblasts during amelogenesis is highly stage specific and involved intimately with the development of a hierarchical enamel microstructure. The molecular mechanisms that govern the development of an elongated and polarized secretory ameloblast morphology and the potential roles played by the enamel matrix proteins in this process are not fully understood. Thus far, the <i>in vitro</i> models that have been developed to mimic these early cell-matrix interactions have either been unable to demonstrate direct morphological change or have failed to adapt across ameloblast cell lines. Here, we use a recently established 3D cell culture model to examine the interactions between HAT-7 cells and the major enamel matrix proteins, amelogenin and ameloblastin. We demonstrate that HAT-7 cells selectively respond to functional EMPs in culture by forming clusters of tall cells. Aspect ratio measurements from three-dimensional reconstructions reveal that cell elongation is 5-times greater in the presence of EMPs when compared with controls. Using confocal laser scanning microscopy, we observe that these clusters are polarized with asymmetrical distributions of Par-3 and claudin-1 proteins. The behavior of HAT-7 cells in 3D culture with EMPs is comparable with that of ALC and LS-8 cells. The fact that the 3D model presented here is tunable with respect to gel substrate composition and ameloblast cell type highlights the overall usefulness of this model in studying ameloblast cell morphology <i>in vitro</i>.
Curvature‐Driven Reversible In Situ Switching Between Pinned and Roll‐Down Superhydrophobic States for Water Droplet Transportation (2010)

Precise tuning of surface wettability – by means of curvature-driven reversible switching from the pinned to the roll-down superhydrophobic state (see figure) – is reported for for the first time. The adhesion force and sliding behaviors of superhydrophobic poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) pillar arrays show strong dependence on surface curvature. Alteration of the curvature of the surface allows a water droplet to be easily adjusted from the “ pinned” to the “roll-down” state, which provides the possibility of precise, in situ control of the movements of water droplets.
Effects of radio frequency and high pressure steam sterilisation on the colour and flavour of prepared Nostoc sphaeroides (2017)

Results of the present study indicated that application of RF sterilisation would improve the quality of sterilised N. sphaeroides and broaden its application in the food and health food industries. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Optimization of the heat transfer aspect of the thermoelectric power generation system. (1986)

A combined type thermoelectric power generation system is proposed to improve the conversion efficiency of thermal energy. In that system, thermoelectric elements are directly attached to the outer wall of the channel of a working fluid without a heat transfer block in order to reduce the thermal resistance; but on the contrary, high performance heat transfer pipes can not be used. Therefore, the effective heat transfer rate of a working fluid is increased by using a larger diameter channel to increase the contact area of the fluid to the channel. The performance of the combined type power generator is experimentally and theoretically investigated and compared with that of the conventional separated type generator. The optimum condition for power generation is also discussed. It is clarified that the maximum efficiency of the combined type generator becomes higher and its optimum Re number becomes larger compared with those of the conventional type. It is also made clear that the effect of the turbulence promoter on the maximum power output is negligible in the case of a generator having a large channel diameter.
A Low-dimensional model for turbulent shear flows (2004)

We analyse a low-dimensional model for turbulent shear flows. The model is based on Fourier modes and describes sinusoidal shear flow, in which the fluid between two free-slip walls experiences a sinusoidal body force. The model contains a total of nine modes, including modes describing the basic mean velocity profile and its modification, downstream vortices, streaks, and instabilities of streaks, with other modes being a consequence of the non- linear interactions. The transition to turbulence for the model is subcritical and intermittent, and the distributions of turbulent lifetimes are exponential, in agreement with observations in many shear flows.
The Power of Names (2011)

Abstract The act of “naming” something has throughout history often been linked to the exertion of power over the thing named. This concept is found in almost all cultures. In mathematics, “naming” plays an essential role because mathematical objects that have not yet been named are difficult to work with. Many great mathematicians have placed emphasis on “naming” as the path toward gaining control over the objects they just conceived, including Alexander Grothendieck and Nikolai Luzin (the latter the founder of the Moscow School of Mathematics). Luzin's approach to naming mathematical objects was original: he believed that the act involved both gains and losses. On the one hand, he gained control through naming. On the other hand, he believed that he lost “the foggy and dark parts that our intuition whispers to us.” Luzin was heavily influenced by the religious heresy “Name-Worshipping” in his development of Descriptive Set Theory. Name Worshippers believed that the name of God IS God. This influence has been largely missed by historians of mathematics because it has been condemned by two of the most powerful institutions in recent Russian history: the Orthodox Church and the Communist Party.
CNVRuler: a copy number variation-based case–control association analysis tool (2012)

CNVRuler software is available with an online manual at the website, www.ircgp.com/CNVRuler/index.html.
A 94 GHz Balanced Mixer using Suspended Substrate Technology (2005)

A 94 GHz balanced mixer has been developed using suspended substrate technology and advanced GaAs Beam Lead Diodes. The mixer, using a waveguide hybrid and a novel waveguide to suspended stripline transition exhibits average conversion Ioss of 6.5dB and a 5.6d8 DSB noise figure including the IF contribution.
Supplemental Figure Legends from Fibroblast-Mediated Collagen Remodeling Within the Tumor Microenvironment Facilitates Progression of Thyroid Cancers Driven by Braf<sup>V600E</sup> and Pten Loss (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Legends for Supplemental Figures S1-S4&lt;/p&gt;
Subtle cognitive deficits assessed by means of CANTAB in a cohort of subjects with CSF AD profile (2022)

Abstract Background In order to make successful disease‐modifying treatments, it is needed to shift Alzheimer’s disease (AD) diagnosis toward individuals with subtle cognitive deficits not yet fulfilling MCI criteria (pre‐MCI), entity associated with AD biomarkers positivity and increased risk of progression (Parnetti et al.,2019). This might allow to identify the individuals candidate to biomarker assessment. The detection of subtle cognitive impairment is limited by the sensitivity of standard neuropsychological measures (Wolfsgruber et al.,2020; Chipi et al.,2019). Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) represents an advanced computerized tool for the assessment of non‐verbal frontal‐subcortical functioning (Robbins et al.,1994). We aimed to explore the frequency of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD‐like profile in pre‐MCI subjects defined as those obtaining low scores (≥‐1 SD) in at least one CANTAB test. Method We retrospectively analyzed 64 consecutive subjects (31 males, 33 females, mean age = 67±7.9) referring to our Memory Clinic for subjective cognitive complaints. All participants performed a comprehensive standard neuropsychological battery, reporting normal scores, and tests from CANTAB (Paired Associated Learning‐PAL; Pattern Recognition Memory‐PRM; Spatial Working Memory‐SWM). Pathological performance at CANTAB (CANTAB+) was defined as scores ≥‐1 SD in at least one task. All of them underwent lumbar puncture for the analysis of CSF core AD biomarkers (Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, total tau, phospho‐tau). By applying the A/T/(N) classification scheme (Jack et al.,2018), AD CSF profile was defined as A+/T+. As A biomarker, we considered the Aβ42/40 ratio. Result Out of 64 subjects, 43 performed ≥‐1SD in at least one test from CANTAB. In those 43 CANTAB+ subjects, 10 (23%) were A+/T+, 4 (9%) A+, and 22 (51%) A‐/T‐. Among CANTAB‐ (N = 21), 3 (14%) were A+/T+; 3 (14%) A+; 13 (61%) A‐/T‐. Among CANTAB+ subjects with A+/T+ (N = 10), 8 (80%) showed deficit in PAL, 4 at SWM and none of them showed altered scores at PRM. Conclusion Consistent proportion (23%) of pre‐MCI subjects with at least one altered score at CANTAB showed a CSF pattern compatible with AD. Since PAL test was altered in 80% of these subjects, if confirmed in independent cohorts, it might represent a sensitive neuropsychological measure to identify subjects with subtle cognitive deficits who may deserve CSF analysis for detecting preclinical AD.
Risques et bénéfices relatifs des alternatives aux produits phytopharmaceutiques comportant des néonicotinoïdes (2018)

Risques et bénéfices relatifs des alternatives aux produits phytopharmaceutiques comportant des néonicotinoïdes. Tome 1 – Rapport du groupe de travail Identification des alternatives aux usages autorisés des néonicotinoïdes
Correlation in Dose-Response to Rapid- and Long-Acting Insulin for People with Type 1 Diabetes (2022)

In diabetes, it can become necessary to switch between pump- and pen-based insulin treatment. This switch involves a translation between rapid- and long-acting insulin analogues. In standard-of-care translation algorithms, a unit-to-unit conversion is applied. However, this simplification may not fit all individuals. In this paper, we investigate the correlation between dose-response to rapid- and long-acting insulin in the same individual, and compare the correlation across individuals. As a measure of dose-response, we estimate the insulin sensitivity in clinical data from 25 subjects with type 1 diabetes. For parameter estimation, we use maximum likelihood with a continuous-discrete extended Kalman filter and Bergman's minimal model. The results show a weak correlation between insulin sensitivity to rapid- and long-acting insulin across individuals. On this sparse data set, the analysis suggests that the standardized unit-to-unit translation between insulin analogues may not benefit all subjects.
Raman Scattering from Si1-xGex Alloy Nanowires (2008)

We present Raman scattering results on crystalline Si1-xGex nanowires (0 < x < 1) grown by the vapor−liquid−solid growth mechanism using chemical vapor deposition. Typical nanowire diameters and lengths were in the range 80−110 nm and 15−40 μm, respectively. Three strong Raman bands were observed and identified as perturbed Si−Si (∼500 cm-1) modes, perturbed Ge−Ge (∼280 cm-1) modes, and intermediate frequency (∼400 cm-1) modes assigned to Si−Ge clusters. A broad band is observed in the range ∼75−110 cm-1 that is assigned to transverse acoustic modes. The compositional dependence of these Raman bands is similar to what is observed in bulk material and is also found to be in very good agreement with the recently calculated vibrational density of states for Si1-xGex nanoparticles.
Air Classification: Computer Models and Experimental Results (1991)

Computer simulations of the flow fields in centrifugal air classifiers have been undertaken in order to improve both the performance and efficiency of the commercially available Acucut air classifier. Although the simulations have led to a much greater understanding of the nature of the flow likely to prevail in such systems, accurate predictions have been found to be strongly dependent on the assumption of correct inlet flow conditions during the initiation of the simulations. In spite of the fact that these simulations assumed axial symmetry (which is an oversimplification), they have enabled the identification of a number of engineering modifications which have contributed to reducing the cut size, and increasing the efficiency, of an Acucut Laboratory classifier.