gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Study of the fracture process using laser holographic interferometry and image analysis</title> (1991)

The fracture process on cement based materials was studied using various holographic interferometry methods. Several aspects of the fracture process were studied on plane mortar (cement water and sand) and polypropylene fiber reinforced cement under different loading configurations. Sandwich holography was used to analyze mortar specimens loaded in tension. The real time method was used to determine the load increments required for accurate and easy evaluation of displacements. A single sensitivity vector setup was used for the evaluation of crack opening displacements and a multiple sensitivity vector set-up was used for the evaluation of full displacement fields. In both cases the holographic images were acquired by a digital image analysis system. First the images were enhanced for better recognition of the fringe patterns by elimination of high frequency noise and contrast improvement. Then the image analysis system was used for automatic fringe count. Sandwich holographic interferometry was also used to map the crack surfaces of the mortar specimens tested. The use of image analysis was essential for the evaluation of the interferograms. The image analysis system allowed for the direct application of a moire pattern method resulting in topographic contour maps. Crack pattern characterization on polypropylene fiber reinforced specimens was made using the ''piggy back'' method to record double exposure reflection holograms. Image processing was used for image enhancement and automatic computation of crack spacings. 1.
A New Articulated Distraction Arthroplasty Device for Treatment of the Osteoarthritic Knee Joint: A Preliminary Report (2007)

Level IV, therapeutic case series.
Role of serum factors in epithelial cell responses to Helicobacter pylori infection in vitro (2005)

Serum-derived factors alter cellular responses to H. pylori infection in a cell-line-dependent manner and impaired cellular viability may relate to this effect. However, the mechanisms for these observations are unclear and further work is now required to determine the nature of these important interactions.
Intramolecular Cyclizations of o-Acylbenzyllithiums. Formation of Benzocyclobuten-1-ol Derivatives and Their Thermal Isomerization (1999)

The formation of benzocyclobutenol derivatives by intramolecular cyclizations of o-acylbenzyllithiums is described. Treatment of o-(trialkylsilylmethyl)phenyl ketones with lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) followed by quenching of the resulting benzylic carbanions with chlorotrialkylsilane resulted in stereoselective formation of the corresponding 1-trialkylsiloxy-2-(trialkylsilyl)benzocyclobutenes in good yields. Subsequently, o-acyl-m-methoxybenzyllithiums were found to work well in cyclization to benzocyclobuten-1-ol derivatives. The reaction of 2-benzoyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyllithium, generated in situ by deprotonation of 6-methyl-2,3,4-trimethoxybenzophenone with LDA, with chlorotrimethylsilane afforded the corresponding 1-(trimethylsiloxy)benzocyclobutene. Cyclization of 2-pivaloyl-3-methoxybenzyllithiums, generated in situ from tert-butyl 2-methyl-6-methoxyphenyl ketones upon deprotonation with LDA, proceeded spontaneously even at -78 degrees C to give the corresponding benzocyclobuten-1-ols. We also describe the results of thermal isomerization of these 1-trimethylsiloxy-2-(trialkylsilyl)benzocyclobutenes.
Calorimetric testing of improved Glauber's salt phase change thermal energy storage material (1980)

New data have been presented which show the improvement in thermal energy storage capacity with more than 1,000 freeze-thaw cycles of a Glauber's salt based phase change material. It has been discovered that the thermal energy storage capacity of the material is greatly improved by controlling the size of the crystals in the phase change material. This is done in one of two ways: (1) use of a crystal habit modifier and (2) use of a new thickener which forms a strong gel matrix. Data in which the new thickener has been combined with the crystal habit modifier show a small but significant improvement in thermal energy storage capacity for the phase change material.
P830 Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli in inflammatory bowel disease impacts faecal microbiota transplantation efficacy by hindering engraftment of beneficial bacteria (2019)

Adherent invasive Escherichia Coli (AIEC) invades gut epithelium and colonise the mucosa of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). Despite increasing use of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), mechanisms and factors affecting treatment outcome is unclear. This study aims to assess whether AIEC affects efficacy of FMT and explore underlying mechanisms of FMT success. C57BL/6 wild-type mice were colonised with an AIEC strain (AIEC62d; 109 CFU) recently isolated from the mucosa of a patient with Crohn’s disease in Hong Kong or non-pathogenic E. coli strain (K12) (n = 24/group). After 7 days of 2% DSS treatment, we switched to clean drinking water and gavaged these mice with faecal solution from healthy mice for three consecutive days. After a 7-day recovery period, we sacrificed all mice and assessed the length and histology score of the colon. Faecal AIEC load (CFU/mg) were quantified by plating on LB agar plate supplemented with 100 μg/ml ampicillin. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) was performed to locate AIEC in the mouse gut. Colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO) and faecal lipocalin-2 (Lcn-2) (on going) were measured to assess the severity of colitis. Faeces were collected before and after FMT for 16s rRNA sequencing to analyse gut microbiota. FMT transiently reduced faecal AIEC load compared with the no FMT group, but faecal AIEC load increased again at the end of FMT treatment and reached the same level as the no FMT group by Day 14. FISH staining showed remaining AIEC inside the epithelial cells of mouse colon after FMT treatment. After FMT, K12-colonised mice, but not AIEC-infected mice, showed ameliorated colitis, as indicated by body weight gain, elongated colon, and improved colonic histology. Alpha diversity (Shannon diversity index) in AIEC-infected mice was significantly lower than K12-colonised mice before FMT. FMT increased microbial diversity in K12-colonised mice but not in AIEC-infected mice. The proportion of donor derived microbes in K12-colonised mice was significantly larger than in AIEC-infected mice. Several taxa including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Akkermansia muciniphila, and the genus Allobaculum (related to health) were successfully engrafted in K12-colonised mice but not in AIEC-infected mice. This is the first study reporting that the presence of a microorganism (e.g. AIEC) by itself was sufficient to compromise the efficacy of FMT by hindering the engraftment of beneficial bacteria, leading to incomplete recovery of intestinal inflammation. Future FMT practice in IBD should consider patient stratification based on AIEC presence and their effects on FMT outcomes.
Low Temperature Sunlight‐Powered Reduction of CO2 to CO Using a Plasmonic Au/TiO2 Nanocatalyst (2021)

Abstract Sunlight‐powered reduction of CO 2 to fuels and chemicals is a promising strategy to close the carbon loop and facilitate the energy transition. In this research, we demonstrate that Au nanoparticles supported on TiO 2 are an efficient plasmonic catalyst for the sunlight‐powered reverse water‐gas shift (rWGS) reaction. A maximum CO production rate of 429 mmol ⋅ g Au −1 ⋅ h −1 with a selectivity of 98 % and an apparent quantum efficiency of 4.7 % were achieved using mildly concentrated sunlight (1.44 W ⋅ cm −2 equals 14.4 sun). The CO production rate showed an exponential increase with increasing light intensity, suggesting that the process is mainly promoted by a photothermal effect. Thermal reference experiments with the same catalysts promoted CH 4 formation, dropping the CO selectivity to 70 %. Thus, mildly concentrated sunlight can efficiently and selectively enhance the promotion of the rWGS reaction without using external heating.
Induced Sputum in Asthma: From Bench to Bedside (2011)

During recent years there has been a growing interest in using non-invasive biomarkers to understand and monitor the airway inflammation in subjects with respiratory tract disorders and mainly asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Sputum induction is generally a well-tolerated and safe procedure and a European Respiratory Society Task Force has published a comprehensive review on sputum methodology. Induced sputum cell count and, to a lesser extent, mediator measurements have been particularly well validated. In asthma, the sputum and the cell culture supernatant can be used for the measurement of a variety of soluble mediators, including eosinophil-derived proteins, nitric oxide (NO) derivatives, cytokines and remodelling-associated proteins. Sputum eosinophilia (> 3%) is a classic feature of asthma although half of the patients seems to be non eosinophilic. Measuring the percentage of sputum eosinophils has proved to be useful in the clinical arena in helping to predict short term response to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and tailor the dose of ICS in the severe patients but there is scope for the application of other induced sputum markers potentially useful in clinical practice. The widespread application of induced sputum in asthma across the spectrum of disease severity has given insight into the relationship between airway function and airway inflammation, proposed new disease phenotypes and defined which of these phenotypes respond to current therapy, and perhaps most importantly provided an additional tool to guide the clinical management of asthmatic patients. To date sputum induction is the only non-invasive measure of airway inflammation that has a clearly proven role in asthma management.
Interactive editing of motion style using drives and correlations (2009)

Animation data, from motion capture or other sources, is becoming increasingly available and provides high quality motion, but is difficult to customize for the needs of a particular application. This is especially true when stylistic changes are needed, for example, to reflect a character's changing mood, differentiate one character from another or meet the precise desires of an animator. We introduce a system for editing animation data that is particularly well suited to making stylistic changes. Our approach transforms the joint angle representation of animation data into a set of pose parameters more suitable for editing. These motion drives include position data for the wrists, ankles and center of mass, as well as the rotation of the pelvis. We also extract correlations between drives and body movement, specifically between wrist position and the torso angles. The system solves for the pose at each frame based on the current values of these drives and correlations using an efficient set of inverse kinematics and balance algorithms. An animator can interactively edit the motion by performing linear operations on the motion drives or extracted correlations, or by layering additional correlations. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach with various examples of gesture and locomotion.
Positional Flexibility: Syntheses and Characterization of Six Uranium Chalcogenides Related to the 2H Hexagonal Perovskite Family (2015)

Six new uranium chalcogenides, Ba4USe6, Ba3FeUSe6, Ba3MnUSe6, Ba3MnUS6, Ba3.3Rb0.7US6, and Ba3.2K0.8US6, related to the 2H hexagonal perovskite family have been synthesized by solid-state methods at 1173 K. These isostructural compounds crystallize in the K4CdCl6 structure type in space group D3d6–R3̅c of the trigonal system with six formula units per cell. This structure type is remarkably flexible. The structures of Ba3FeUSe6, Ba3MnUSe6, and Ba3MnUS6 consist of infinite ∞1[MUQ66–] chains (M = Fe or Mn; Q = S or Se) oriented along the c axis that are separated by Ba atoms. These chains are composed of alternating M-centered octahedra and U-centered trigonal prisms sharing triangular faces; in contrast, in the structures of Ba4USe6, Ba3.3Rb0.7US6, and Ba3.2K0.8US6, there are U-centered octahedra alternating with Ba-, Rb-, or K-centered trigonal prisms. Moreover, the Ba4USe6, Ba3FeUSe6, Ba3MnUSe6, and Ba3MnUS6 compounds contain U4+, whereas Ba3.3Rb0.7US6 and Ba3.2K0.8US6 are mixed U4+/5+ compounds. Resistivity and μ-Raman spectroscopic measurements and DFT calculations provide additional insight into these interesting subtle structural variations.
Ultra-low Threshold Electrically Pumped Quantum Dot Photonic Crystal Nanocavity Laser (2011)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text B. Ellis, M. A. Mayer, G. Shambat, T. Sarmiento, J. Harris, E. E. Haller, and J. Vučković, "Ultra-low Threshold Electrically Pumped Quantum Dot Photonic Crystal Nanocavity Laser," in CLEO:2011 - Laser Applications to Photonic Applications, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2011), paper PDPA1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Benchmark Data from the Literature for Evaluation of New Glucose Sensing Technologies (2001)

New glucose sensors based on various technologies are being developed to provide information for improved therapy in diabetes. There is a need to establish rational performance standards for these sensors. Frequently sampled, direct blood glucose recordings representative of blood glucose excursions in diabetes are the "gold standard." An extensive literature search revealed a limited number of diabetic and nondiabetic blood glucose recordings suitable for this purpose. Certain blood glucose recordings reflect the diversity of glycemic dynamics and provide sufficient challenge for evaluation of sensor systems. These recordings were converted into an accessible electronic format. An example is given of the use of these benchmark data to estimate aliasing error, or the error due to insufficient sampling frequency, based on a hypothetical sensor system having some properties of conventional "fingerstick" systems. Discrete sampling systems accumulate substantial aliasing error as the sampling period increases.
Differential distribution of xyloglucan glycosyl transferases in pea Golgi dictyosomes and secretory vesicles (1990)

ABSTRACT Rate-zonal centrifugation of pea (Pisum sativum var. Alaska) stem microsomal membranes on a linear Renografin gradient separated Golgi secretory vesicles from dictyosomes. Secretory vesicles possessed high levels of xyloglucan fucosyl transferase activity, which effects the final decoration of stem xyloglucan side-chains, but lacked substantial xyloglucan xylo-syl transferase activity, which is required for the synthesis of the xyloglucan backbone. In contrast, total dictyosomal membranes possessed both fucosyl and xylosyl transferase activities. Isopycnic centrifugation of a homogenized dictyosome-enriched membrane preparation on a shallower Renografin gradient indicated that lighter dictyosomal membranes possessed xylosyl transferase but relatively little fucosyl transferase activity. The bulk of the dictyosomal membranes formed a denser peak in which xylosyl and fucosyl transferase activities codistributed. Thus a differential localization of function in the Golgi apparatus during biosynthesis of xyloglucan is indicated. A tentative mechanism is suggested in which the elaboration of the glucose-xylose backbone is initiated in lighter dictyosomal membranes, backbone synthesis is concluded and fucosylation begun in denser dictyosomal membranes, and fucosylation completed in Golgi secretory vesicles during transport of xyloglucan to the cell wall.
Synthesis of 4-(2-Methyl-5-isopropenyl-1-cyclopenten-1-yl)butan-2-one. A By-Product in the Synthesis of Pseudoionone (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 4-(2-Methyl-5-isopropenyl-1-cyclopenten-1-yl)butan-2-one. A By-Product in the Synthesis of PseudoiononeJoseph Wolinsky, Michael R. Slabaugh, and Thomas GibsonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 12, 3740–3742Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01035a537https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01035a537research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views848Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) enhances survival and invasiveness of endometrial stromal cells via the activation of JNK signaling pathway. (2013)

Evidence for an immunosuppressive function of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) has been accumulating. However, the unusual distribution of IDO1 in gynecologic cancer cells suggests that modulating immunity may not its only function. To clarify the physiological importance of IDO1 in endometriosis, a tumor-like benign disease, we have investigated the potential mechanism by which IDO1 modulated endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) proliferation and invasion. ESCs were obtained from 16 control women (normal) and 14 patients with ovarian endometrioma, then the normal ESCs were treated with plasmid pEGFP-N1-IDO1 or SD11-IDO1 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) alone, or in combination with c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor (SP600125), and subjected to cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis assay and Matrigel invasion assay. IDO1 mRNA expression was evaluated by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR), and protein levels of IDO1, survivin, protein 53 (p53), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, tissue-inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in IDO1-overexpressing and IDO1-deficiency ESCs were analyzed by in-cell Western. We found that IDO1 expression was higher in endometriosis-derived eutopic and ectopic ESCs, compared with endometriosis-free normal ESCs. As a result, IDO1-overexpression in ESCs was markedly linked to reduction of apoptosis and p53 expression, and upregulation of survival, proliferation, invasion, as well as expression of MMP-9, COX-2 expression, rather than expression of survivin, MMP-2 and TIMP-1. Reversely, JNK blockage could abrogate these alterations of ESCs in IDO1-overexpressing milieu, suggesting that JNK signaling pathway was indispensable for ESCs survival, proliferation and invasion enhanced by IDO1, which may contribute to the pathophysiology of endometriosis.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Wnt5a potentiates TGF-β signaling to promote colonic crypt regeneration after tissue injury. (2012)

Reestablishing homeostasis after tissue damage depends on the proper organization of stem cells and their progeny, though the repair mechanisms are unclear. The mammalian intestinal epithelium is well suited to approach this problem, as it is composed of well-delineated units called crypts of Lieberkühn. We found that Wnt5a, a noncanonical Wnt ligand, was required for crypt regeneration after injury in mice. Unlike controls, Wnt5a-deficient mice maintained an expanded population of proliferative epithelial cells in the wound. We used an in vitro system to enrich for intestinal epithelial stem cells to discover that Wnt5a inhibited proliferation of these cells. Surprisingly, the effects of Wnt5a were mediated by activation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling. These findings suggest a Wnt5a-dependent mechanism for forming new crypt units to reestablish homeostasis. PMID: 22956684 Funding information This work was supported by: NIDDK NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: T35 DK074375 NIDDK NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: P30 DK052574 NIDDK NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: P30-DK52574 Intramural NIH HHS, United States NIDDK NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: 5T35DK074375 NIDDK NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 DK071619 NIDDK NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: DK90251 More Less keyboard_arrow_down
Enhanced remanence in isotropic Fe-rich melt-spun Nd-Fe-B ribbons (1994)

High isotropic remanences and energy products have been obtained in melt-spun Nd-Fe-B samples with a fine grained mixture of α-Fe and Nd2Fe14B1 containing more than 50 wt % of α-Fe. Reduced remanences as high as 0.78 with high saturation magnetization (190 emu/g) led to (BH)max of 14 MGOe. The coercivities varied from 2–4 kOe for samples with 70–50 wt % α-Fe, respectively. Reversible demagnetization curves were observed consistent with the ‘‘exchange spring’’ mechanism.
Constructing a 2-D Database for the World Wide Web (2003)

A federated two-dimensional (2-D) database is a database containing 2-D data that are accessible on the World Wide Web (WWW) and that are dynamically linked to other similar databases through active hypertext links over the Internet (,). Federated 2-D databases respect five rules that can be found at URL: http://www.expasy.ch/ch2d/fed-rules.html.
Evaluation of Seed Dressing Pesticides on Barely Shoot Fly, Delia flavibasis and Barely Stripe, Pyrenophora graminea Disease in South-Eastern Ethiopia (2017)

During meher season, 2013 and 2014, the efficacy of two seed dressing pesticides Apron Star 42 WS and Joint TM 246 FS, possessing fungicidal and insecticidal characteristics were evaluated against plant disease (barley stripe) and insect pest (barley shootfly) in two rates and 11 locations, 8 in Arsi and West Arsi zones, and 3 in Bale zone, in South-eastern Ethiopia. Pooled zone average data revealed that Apron Star 42 WS and JointTM 246 FS with higher rates, 250g and 200m/100kgseed, respectively, give a better control of barley shootfly under Bale zone circumstances where this pest is most prevalent and severe. The lower rates of Apron Star 42 WS (125g/100kgseed) and JointTM 246 FS (100ml/100kgseed) did not significantly differ from their higher rates in barley stripe management in all zones and shootfly in Arsi and West Arsi zones, and thus, both higher and lower rates of both seed treatment pesticides are recommended to be used as one of the components of barley diseases management options in malt barley and food barley production in South-eastern Ethiopia.