gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transplantation: focus on kidney, liver and islet cells. (2004)

Over the past decade, advances in immunosuppression, organ preservation, surgical techniques and perioperative management have resulted in improved survival rates for solid organ transplants. Even so, the field of transplantation still presents many challenges. A critical obstacle is the shortage of donor organs. The paucity of cadaveric organs has increased the demand for living donor transplantation. Although this option has expanded the organ pool, concerns over ethical issues and donor safety remain, and there is an ongoing effort to make living donation a safer and less invasive process. An alternative to solid organ transplantation involves the transplantation of cells, such as islet cells for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Whereas transplantation of solid organs has seen steady improvement over the past 2 decades, transplantation of islet cells has not. Recent advances in the field of islet cell transplantation, however, have made this procedure a clinical reality. Stem cell research has provided a glimpse into the possible future of transplantation for organ failure. Another major barrier to transplantation is the lifelong need for immunosuppression. Current immunosuppression protocols place transplant recipients at continuing risk for immunosuppression-associated complications such as infection and malignant disease. New agents continue to reduce the rates of acute graft rejection and to increase long-term survival; however, they have exposed metabolic and cardiovascular complications without affecting the incidence of chronic rejection. The ultimate goal of many investigators in this field is to achieve specific immunologic graft tolerance. In this article we summarize recent technical advances in the field of transplantation that address some of the challenges.
Computer vision aided target linked radiation imaging (2012)

In this paper, we demonstrated an application of video tracking to radiation detection, where a vision-based tracking system enables a traditional CZT (cadmium zinc telluride)-based radiation imaging device to detect radioactive targets that are in motion. An integrated real-time system consisting of multiple fixed cameras and radiation detectors was implemented and tested. The multi-camera tracking system combines multiple feature cues (such as silhouette, appearance, and geometry) from different viewing angles to ensure consistent target identities under challenging tracking conditions. Experimental results show that both the video tracking and the integrated systems perform accurately and persistently under various scenarios involving multiple vehicles, driving speeds, and driving patterns. The results also validate and reiterate the importance of video tracking as an enabling technology in the field of radiation imaging.
The Characterization of Acutumine (1966)

Acutumine was first isolated from Sinomenium acutum Rehd. et Wills. (Menispermaceae) by K. Goto and H. Sudzuki,l' who proposed an empirical formula either C20H27N08 or C21H27N08 and the presence of a ketone, an N-methyl and a carboxyl group and three methoxyl groups.
Metal‐Catalyzed Organic Reactions by Resonant Acoustic Mixing** (2022)

Abstract We demonstrate catalytic organic synthesis by Resonant Acoustic Mixing (RAM): a mechanochemical methodology that does not require bulk solvent or milling media. Using as model reactions ruthenium‐catalyzed ring‐closing metathesis and copper‐catalyzed sulfonamide‐isocyanate coupling, RAM mechanosynthesis is shown to be faster, operationally simpler than conventional ball‐milling, while also providing the first example of a mechanochemical strategy for ruthenium‐catalyzed ene‐yne metathesis. Reactions by RAM are readily and directly scaled‐up without any significant changes in reaction conditions, as shown by the straightforward 200‐fold scaling‐up of the synthesis of the antidiabetic drug Tolbutamide, from hundreds of milligrams directly to 30 grams.
The Effects of Tip-mounted Jet Nacelles on the Transonic Characteristics of Low-aspect-ratio Wings (1952)

Report presenting an investigation of the effects of tip-mounted jet-engine nacelles on the aerodynamic characteristics of low-aspect-ratio rectangular and tapered wings using the transonic-bump technique. The effect of the tip-mounted nacelles was generally to increase the lift-curve slopes for wings of aspect ratio 2 or larger with upper or lower mounted nacelles causing larger increases than symmetrically mounted nacelles. Results regarding rectangular wings and tapered wings are provided.
A Novel Synthetic Inhibitor of Endopeptidase (1996)

A novel synthetic inhibitor of endopeptidase-24.15 (EP-24.15, EC 3.4.24.15), N-[(2R,4R)-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(3-mercaptopropionyl)-4-thiazolidine carbonyl] -L-phenylalanine (SA898) is described. This compound inhibited rat EP-24.15 competitively with an IC50 of 23 nM and Ki of 9.1 nM. These values were, respectively, 9.6 times and 6.3 times smaller than those for N-(1-carboxy-3-phenylpropyl)-alanyl-alanyl-phenylalanyl-p-aminobenzoate (cFP-AAF-pAB), which was one of the most potent inhibitors thus far reported. The inhibitory effect of SA898 on other endopeptidases, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE, EC 3.4.15.1) and endopeptidase-24.11 (EP-24.11, EC 3.4.24.11) was also studied. SA898 inhibited ACE significantly, but the potency was about 20-fold lower than that for EP-24.15 in terms of the Ki value. The inhibitory effect of SA898 on EP-24.11 was almost negligible (Ki = 28 microM). In addition, the inhibitory activities of several SA898-related compounds were examined. Based on these data, the structure-activity relationships for EP-24.15 inhibitors are discussed.
First-Cut Design of a Benchtop Cryogen-Free 23.5-T/25-mm Magnet for 1-GHz Microcoil NMR (2023)

As a preliminary work, we have completed a 12.5-mm-cold-bore high-temperature superconducting (HTS) REBCO magnet prototype and successfully operated it up to 25 T at 10 K cooled by a cryocooler only, without liquid helium. In this paper we present the first-cut design of a cryogen-free all-REBCO 23.5-T/25-mm-warm-bore magnet having a high homogeneity of <0.1 ppm over a 1-cm diameter of spherical volume for a benchtop 1-GHz microcoil NMR spectroscopy. We also investigate a shielding design to reduce a 5-gauss fringe field radius to ≤1.5 m. This benchtop magnet will incorporate all the innovative design and operation concepts validated by the prototype magnet: 1) all-HTS composition and operation at above 4.2 K; 2) no-insulation winding technique with an extra shunting that makes this high-field REBCO magnet compact, mechanically robust, and self-protecting; 3) a single coil formation that leads, compared with the traditional multi-nested high-field NMR magnet, to simpler and more affordable manufacturing processes; 4) operational temperature-controlled screening-current reduction method which reduces peak stresses within the REBCO coil and field errors; and 5) cryogenic design for conduction-cooling operation.
Monolithically integrated array of widely tunable laser sources for multispecies gas sensing applications (2016)

Monolithic integration of four widely tunable extended cavity lasers suitable for gas detection is presented. Each laser features a precise, grid-less tuning mechanism with a low-linewidth, single-mode output over a wide wavelength range of 74nm.
Theoretical analysis of the distribution of isolated particles in totally asymmetric exclusion processes: Application to mRNA translation rate estimation (2018)

The Totally Asymmetric Exclusion Process (TASEP) is a classical stochastic model for describing the transport of interacting particles, such as ribosomes moving along the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) during translation. Although this model has been widely studied in the past, the extent of collision between particles and the average distance between a particle to its nearest neighbor have not been quantified explicitly. We provide here a theoretical analysis of such quantities via the distribution of isolated particles. In the classical form of the model in which each particle occupies only a single site, we obtain an exact analytic solution using the matrix ansatz. We then employ a refined mean-field approach to extend the analysis to a generalized TASEP with particles of an arbitrary size. Our theoretical study has direct applications in mRNA translation and the interpretation of experimental ribosome profiling data. In particular, our analysis of data from Saccharomyces cerevisiae suggests a potential bias against the detection of nearby ribosomes with a gap distance of less than approximately three codons, which leads to some ambiguity in estimating the initiation rate and protein production flux for a substantial fraction of genes. Despite such ambiguity, however, we demonstrate theoretically that the interference rate associated with collisions can be robustly estimated and show that approximately 1% of the translating ribosomes get obstructed.
Sodium iron sulfate alluaudite solid solution for Na-ion batteries: moving towards stoichiometric Na2Fe2(SO4)3 (2019)

The elusive Na<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> stoichiometric compound was obtained through a precipitation method and is electrochemically active as a cathode.
Genetic Variability in Floral Characteristics Influencing Outcrossing in Oryza sativa L.1 (1973)

The genetic variability and correlation coefficients involving five floral characters were investigated in a group of 29 cultivated and wild rices ( Oryza Sp .). Wide variability existed in anther length, stigma length, and percent exserted stigma. The genetic variation constituted a high proportion of the total variation for these traits. Thus, selection for these characters is expected to be highly effective. The percent exserted stigma showed a high positive correlation with stigma length. Both traits also were correlated positively with spikelet length and anther length. One accession each of Oryza saliva f. spontanea and O. perennis subsp. balunga possessed anthers twice as long as those of cultivars. They also had a much higher proportion of exserted stigmas than most cultivated varieties.
A PDZ Domain Protein Interacts with the C-terminal Tail of the Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Receptor but Not with the Insulin Receptor (2001)

In this study, we report on the isolation of a PDZ domain protein, here designated as IIP-1, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptor-interacting protein-1, which binds to the IGF-1 receptor, but not to the related insulin receptor, and which is involved in the regulation of cell motility. The interaction between the IGF-1 receptor and IIP-1 as well as a splice variant IIP-1/p26 was demonstrated in the yeast two-hybrid system. Using co-precipitation experiments, we confirmed the interaction in transfected cells as well as <i>in vitro</i>. Analysis of deletion mutants indicates that the PDZ domain of IIP-1 mediates interaction with the C-terminal tail of the IGF-1 receptor (serine-threonine-cysteine). This finding demonstrates that the C terminus of the IGF-1 receptor acts as novel PDZ domain binding site. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed an overlapping localization of IIP-1 and the IGF-1 receptor in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. A functional connection between IIP-1 and the IGF-1 receptor is further supported by the finding that the level of expression of IIP-1 and the IGF-1 receptor strongly correlates in different normal and cancer cells. Furthermore, overexpression of IIP-1 resulted in an attenuation of migration of MCF-7 cells, which is one of the biological activities mediated by the IGF-1 signaling system.
Characterization of Dynamic SRAM Stability in 45 nm CMOS (2011)

Optimization of SRAM yield using dynamic stability metrics has been evaluated in the past to ensure continued scaling of bitcell size and supply voltage in future technology nodes. Various dynamic stability metrics have been proposed but they have not been used in practical failure analysis and compared with conventional static margins. This work compares static and dynamic metrics to identify expected correlations. A dynamic stability characterization architecture using pulsed word-lines is implemented in 45 nm CMOS to identify sources of variability, and their impact on SRAM stability. Static read margins were observed to overestimate failures by 10-100 X while static write margins failed to predict outliers in critical writeability. Critical writeability was demonstrated to exhibit an enhanced sensitivity to process variations, random telegraph noise (RTN), and negative bias temperature instability (NBTI), compared to static write margins.
Formation of polymersomes with double bilayers templated by quadruple emulsions (2013)

Polymersomes, vesicles composed of bilayer membranes of amphiphilic block-copolymers, are promising delivery vehicles for long-term storage and controlled release of bioactives; enhanced stability of the membrane makes polymersomes potentially useful in a wide range of biological delivery applications by comparison with liposomes. However, unilamellar structure is intrinsically fragile when subjected to external stress. Here, we report a microfluidic approach to produce polymersomes with double bilayers, providing higher stability and lower permeability than unilamellar polymersomes. To achieve this, we developed a new design of a capillary microfluidic device to produce quadruple-emulsion drops which serve as a template for the polymersomes-in-polymersomes. When two bilayers are attracted by depletion in polymersomes-in-polymersomes, the inner polymersomes protrude and bud, forming double bilayers. We confirm these structures are indeed double bilayers using microaspiration and selective doping of the leaflets with nanoparticles. The resultant polymersomes have great potential as highly stable and biocompatible microcarriers for robust encapsulation and storage of bioactives such as drugs, cosmetics and nutrients.
CORDS: a knowledge-based remote diagnosis workstation (2003)

The authors describe a knowledge-based system called the Central Operations and Remote Diagnostic System (CORDS) which aids service personnel in the diagnosis of computers. A central operator receives trouble calls via voice line and then dials out from the workstation to the console of the failing unit. Novel features of the system include object-oriented graphical display of computer and site configurations using a direct manipulation interface, an intelligent maintenance assistant component which examines the logs of diagnostic output and suggests appropriate actions to the central maintenance operator, a fast compiled rule system, an intelligent database of trouble tickets, which are used to guide the diagnosis toward probable faults based on the site history, and concern for security in the diagnosis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Towards Precise Security Patterns (2008)

This paper presents a new application development process for new emerging scenarios such as ambient intelligence, grids, etc, which consider security and dependability issues a score elements. This development process is centred around the use of libraries for precise descriptions of reusable security and dependability solutions (S&D solutions) stored in the form of S&D patterns. One of the main motivations of this approach is the practical impossibility for programmers to develop sound complex security services for their applications.
Return to Play and Fracture Union After the Surgical Management of Jones Fractures in Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2021)

The RTP rate and time to RTP after the surgical management of Jones fractures in athletes were excellent, regardless of the implant used and type of sport. IM screw fixation was superior to nonoperative management, as it led to a higher rate of RTP, shorter time to RTP, higher rate of union, shorter time to union, and improved functional outcomes. We recommend surgical fixation for all Jones fractures in athletes.
Autonomic Systems and Networks: Theory and Practice (2006)

Summary form only given. The increasing complexity of computing systems is beginning to overwhelm the capabilities of software developers and system administrators to design, evaluate, integrate, and manage these systems. Major software and system vendors, such as IBM, HP and Microsoft, along with Telecom suppliers and vendors, such as France Telecom and Motorola Labs, have concluded that the only viable long-term solution is to create computer systems that manage themselves - a vision that is often referred to as autonomic computing. In the last few years, interest in autonomic computing has burgeoned within academia and industry. In 2005, there were at least 15 conferences and workshops devoted to the subject, and new ones are being established for 2006. Many companies such as IBM, Motorola, Intel, HP and Microsoft and several start-ups are actively pursuing research and development efforts in autonomic computing. Such widespread interest is fortunate, because autonomic computing is a broad topic, one that requires contributions from many people in a broad array of fields over a long period of time to reach full fruition. This tutorial will motivate, define, explain and explore autonomic computing, giving attendees a good understanding of its essential relevance to systems and network management today and over the course of the foreseeable future. A typical autonomic computing architecture will be presented, along with several important components of this architecture. This will provide participants with a good understanding of the architectural principles and technologies that contribute to autonomic computing, as well as a sense of the role that emerging standards will play. Participants will learn about how state-of-the-art technologies in policy-based management, artificial intelligence and many other fields are being applied to and developed for future autonomic systems and networks. Particular attention will be paid to change management (e.g., recognizing and accommodating change in users, environmental conditions, business goals, and other factors). One of the most important elements of the tutorial will be systems and networking use cases and scenarios that will be used for illustration throughout. The tutorial will conclude with an exploration of research challenges and an account of some early progress towards them by researchers in industry and academia
Fundamentals of Coalbed Methane Reservoir Engineering (2011)

Author John Seidle has written this much-needed introduction to a unique unconventional gas resource for students and practicing engineers as well as a basic handbook for those who are involved in coalbed methane on a daily basis and require straightforward, practical answers in the fast-paced business world.
Discovery of the source HESS J1356-645 associated with the young and energetic PSR J1357-6429 (2011)

Context. Several newly discovered very-high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) -ray sources in the Galaxy are thought to be associated with energetic pulsars. Among them, middle-aged ( > 10 4 yr) systems exhibit large centre-filled VHE nebulae, offset from the pulsar position, which result from the complex relationship between the pulsar wind and the surrounding medium, and reflect the past evolution of the pulsar. Aims. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) have been successful in revealing extended emission from these sources in the VHE regime. Together with radio and X-ray observations, this observational window allows one to probe the energetics and magnetic field inside these large-scale nebulae. Methods. H.E.S.S., with its large field of view, angular resolution of < 0.1 and unprecedented sensitivity, has been used to discover a large population of such VHE sources. In this paper, the H.E.S.S. data from the continuation of the Galactic Plane Survey (-80 < < 60 , |b| < 3 ), together with the existing multi-wavelength observations, are used. Results. A new VHE -ray source was discovered at RA (J2000) = 13 h 56 m 00 s , Dec (J2000) = -64 30 00 with a 2 statistical error in each coordinate, namely HESS J1356-645. The source is extended, with an intrinsic Gaussian width of (0.20 0.02) . Its integrated energy flux between 1 and 10 TeV of 8 10 -12 erg cm -2 s -1 represents 11% of the Crab Nebula flux in the same energy band. The energy spectrum between 1 and 20 TeV is well described by a power law dN/dE E - with photon index = 2.2 0.2 stat 0.2 sys . The inspection of archival radio images at three frequencies and the analysis of X-ray data from ROSAT/PSPC and XMM-Newton/MOS reveal the presence of faint non-thermal diffuse emission coincident with HESS J1356-645. Conclusions. HESS J1356-645 is most likely associated with the young and energetic pulsar PSR J1357-6429 (d = 2.4 kpc, c = 7.3 kyr and = 3.1 10 36 erg s -1 ), located at a projected distance of 5 pc from the centroid of the VHE emission. HESS J1356-645 and its radio and X-ray counterparts would thus represent the nebula resulting from the past history of the PSR J1357-6429 wind. In a simple one-zone model,
Lung Cancer Screening (2005)

A 60-year-old woman who quit smoking 20 years earlier comes for a routine visit. She previously smoked one pack of cigarettes a day for 10 years. Her medical history is otherwise unremarkable. Her husband smoked one pack of cigarettes per day for at least 30 years but stopped smoking a decade ago. She asks whether she and her husband should undergo computed tomographic scanning to screen for lung cancer. What do you advise?
New Developments in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections (1975)

Not long ago it was customary to expect an atmosphere of confrontation and controversy when urologic surgeons and infectious disease physicians met at conferences and symposia. Even more often each group exhibited an attitude of "benign neglect" towards the other. Times have changed in large part because of the efforts of the leadership group in urology. The establishment of an Advisory Board for this Journal, drawn from non-urological disciplines, is one example of the effort being made to draw together all concerned with urinary tract infections and pyelonephritis. I have been asked to review some practical up-to-date matters relating to the diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections and pyelonephritis from the point of view of an infectious disease physician. However, it may be helpful to begin with a synthesis of current concepts of the natural history of urinary tract infection, since the need for early diagnosis and the tactics for treatment depend largely on our expectations for the patient. This synthesis requires definition of terms that are acceptable to a wide variety of disciplines. The review would then focus on new methods for screening and office diagnosis, antimicrobial sensitivity tests, localization of infection and indications for urologic investigation, particularly in relation to vesicoureteral reflux. New developments in treatment of urinary tract infections will be discussed. Special attention will be given to areas in which we are ignorant and require more information. Last, I will direct my attention to the problem of the urinary catheter, hoping to arrive at a synthesis of the situation which will tell it like it is but avoid overstating the case.