gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Twentieth Century (1970)

The Twentieth Century MARGARET WILLY, MARGARET WILLY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar JAMES REDMOND, JAMES REDMOND Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. C. CASTEIN H. C. CASTEIN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Year's Work in English Studies, Volume 49, Issue 1, 1970, Pages 300–354, https://doi.org/10.1093/ywes/49.1.300 Published: 01 September 1970
CCR10 and its ligands in regulation of epithelial immunity and diseases (2012)

Epithelial tissues covering the external and internal surface of a body are constantly under physical, chemical or biological assaults. To protect the epithelial tissues and maintain their homeostasis, multiple layers of immune defense mechanisms are required. Besides the epithelial tissue-resident immune cells that provide the first line of defense, circulating immune cells are also recruited into the local tissues in response to challenges. Chemokines and chemokine receptors regulate tissue-specific migration, maintenance and functions of immune cells. Among them, chemokine receptor CCR10 and its ligands chemokines CCL27 and CCL28 are uniquely involved in the epithelial immunity. CCL27 is expressed predominantly in the skin by keratinocytes while CCL28 is expressed by epithelial cells of various mucosal tissues. CCR10 is expressed by various subsets of innate-like T cells that are programmed to localize to the skin during their developmental processes in the thymus. Circulating T cells might be imprinted by skin-associated antigen- presenting cells to express CCR10 for their recruitment to the skin during the local immune response. On the other hand, IgA antibody-producing B cells generated in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues express CCR10 for their migration and maintenance at mucosal sites. Increasing evidence also found that CCR10/ligands are involved in regulation of other immune cells in epithelial immunity and are frequently exploited by epithelium-localizing or -originated cancer cells for their survival, proliferation and evasion from immune surveillance. Herein, we review current knowledge on roles of CCR10/ligands in regulation of epithelial immunity and diseases and speculate on related important questions worth further investigation.
Generalized mechanism of the resistance switching in binary-oxide-based resistive random-access memories (2013)

We report that V${}_{\mathrm{O}}$ cohesion-isolation transition caused by carrier injection/removal is a generalized resistance switching mechanism of binary-oxide-based resistive random-access memories (ReRAMs). We propose universal guiding principles by which ReRAM with unipolar and bipolar operations can be designed by controlling electrode work functions. We found by first-principles calculations that structural phase transition with V${}_{\mathrm{O}}$ cohesion-isolation is the physical origin of the resistance switching mechanism of binary-oxide-based ReRAM. Based on our theory, we can propose a guiding principle toward bipolar switching ReRAM with stable high work function metal electrodes.
Observations of pressure-wave-excited contrast agent bubbles in the vicinity of cells (2002)

Levovist contrast agent bubble dynamics after spark-induced pressure wave exposure is investigated in the vicinity of normal rat kidney fibroblast cells. The bubble dynamics is calculated using the Keller–Miksis model and results are compared with the experimental radius time curves. High-speed microscopic images show rapid bubble expansion and collapse. Even at moderate peak negative pressure amplitudes of less than 2 MPa the contrast agent bubbles have been observed to expand to more than 30 times their original radius and to rupture cells upon collapse.
Modeling spectral envelopes using restricted Boltzmann machines for statistical parametric speech synthesis (2013)

This paper presents a new spectral modeling method for statistical parametric speech synthesis. In contrast to the conventional methods in which high-level spectral parameters, such as mel-cepstra or line spectral pairs, are adopted as the features for hidden Markov model (HMM) based parametric speech synthesis, our new method directly models the distribution of the lower-level, un-transformed or raw spectral envelopes. Instead of using single Gaussian distributions, we adopt restricted Boltzmann machines (RBM) to represent the distribution of the spectral envelopes at each HMM state. We anticipate these will give superior performance in modeling the joint distribution of high-dimensional stochastic vectors. The spectral parameters are derived from the spectral envelope corresponding to the estimated mode of each context-dependent RBM and act as the Gaussian mean vector in the parameter generation procedure at synthesis time. Our experimental results show that the RBM is able to model the distribution of the spectral envelopes with better accuracy and generalization ability than the Gaussian mixture model. As a result, our proposed method can significantly improve the naturalness of the conventional HMM-based speech synthesis system using mel-cepstra.
A New Type of Cesium-ion-conducting Solid (2010)

Abstract High Cs+ ion conductivity was successfully realized in solids at temperatures below 250 °C by doping Cs–bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) amide (CsTFSA) into cubic rare earth oxides of R2O3. Among the (1 − x)R2O3–xCsTFSA solids prepared, a 0.75Gd2O3–0.25CsTFSA solid showed the highest Cs+ ion conductivity of 3.4 × 10−2 S cm−1 at 250 °C, which is the highest value yet reported for a solid Cs+ ion conductor.
Dual-Mode Transport of Molecular Oxygen through the Membrane of the Poly(octyl methacrylate-co-4-vinylpyridine)(N,N′-disalicylideneethylenediaimine)cobalt(II) Complex (1986)

Abstract Molecular oxygen transport through a polymeric membrane was enhanced in the membrane of poly(octyl methacrylate-co-4-vinylpyridine), complexed with (N,N′-disalicylideneethylenediamine)cobalt(II), which forms an oxygen adduct rapidly and reversibly. The cobalt complex in the membrane effectively acted as a fixed carrier on oxygen permeation. The oxygen-binding parameters determined spectroscopically were adequate to analyze the dual-mode transport model.
The Sunny Side of Aging (1990)

When confronting the health and medical care costs of the aging of America, there are optimists and there are pessimists. In a most curious way the "optimists" have become those who believe that life is limited and that the average life expectancy of seniors is unlikely to grow rapidly in the future. "Pessimists" are those who believe that life expectancy increases will continue, and perhaps will even increase in the future. In a thoughtful article in this issue of<i>JAMA</i>, Schneider and Guralnik<sup>1</sup>beat the pessimistic drum loudly and clearly. Medicare costs may rise sixfold by the year 2040 in constant 1987 dollars. Dementia might ultimately afflict 28% or more of the senior population. We might expect 800 000 hip fractures annually by the year 2040. Research funding for the conditions that will pose the largest health care problems in the next century, including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and Alzheimer's disease,
A ROS-based framework to boost the manipulation tasks programming and execution (2021)

This paper introduces a robotic manipulation frame- work for the programming and execution of manipulation tasks. The framework is based on the ROS platform and provides advanced motion planning and control functionalities to re- lieve the upper control layers from the management of low- level functionalities and the task geometrical information. The framework is modular with respect to motion planning and control algorithms and is able to deal with dynamically updated scenes. Moreover, it provides an interface through which high- level actions can be implemented and executed automatically. Examples of some basic actions, such as go to, pick, place, are also available and ready to use.
Effect of Microwave Heating on the Synthesis of Layered Double Hydroxide (2005)

Layered double hydroxide(LDH) was synthesized from the mixture of magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide with microwave irradiation. It has been compared with that of conventional heating method in the respect of crystallization time, structure, morphology, particle size, and its anion exchange capacity. The microwave speeded up the crystallization rate of Mg-Al- LDH so that the XRD patterns of LDH was observed from the sample after microwave hydrothermal treatment, while the crystal phase was hardly observed from that prepared by conventional hydrothermal method before drying process. Mg-Al-LDH prepared with microwave irradiation seemed to have slightly higher Mg/Al molar ratio even with the same compositions of starting materials and the lower anion exchange capacity after 1 day exposure in 0.1N NaCl solution compared to the conventionally prepared one.
Elucidating Mechanistic Origin of the Catalytic Activity of the Fe(111) Surface and Nanoclusters toward the Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction (2020)

The design and development of highly efficient catalysts for the electrochemical reduction of nitrogen into NH3 at ambient temperature and pressure has been an area of major research interest. In this work, electrochemical N2 reduction following Heyrovsky-type associative and dissociative mechanisms is studied on the periodic Fe(111) surface using density functional theory calculations. Interestingly, the associative pathway has not been investigated on the Fe(111) surface in any of the previous studies though it is reported to be one of the best catalysts for ammonia synthesis. Therefore, we have investigated both the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) mechanisms on the Fe(111) surface. Free-energy analysis of associative and dissociative reaction pathways has been carried out, and it has been found that the associative mechanism is favorable over the dissociative mechanism with the formation of *NH2NH2 as a potential-determining step. Furthermore, the catalytic activity of cuboctahedral iron nanoclusters (NCs) is also investigated to understand the dimensional dependence of the Fe-based NRR activity. The NC shows a higher NRR activity by following an energetically more favorable ammonia desorption compared to the Fe(111) surface. The observed activity trends are explained from the site-specific interaction and binding energy of reaction intermediates. The surpassing of the high energy-demanding N2 dissociation step by both the catalytic systems implies that NRR can be facilitated in an energetically favorable manner via an electrochemical reduction pathway.
Abrogating regulatory T cells overcomes tumor-specific T cell exhaustion and prevents metastatic pancreatic cancer (2022)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is the 4th leading cause of cancer related deaths and has a dismal 5-year survival rate of 10 percent. PDA lethality is attributed to late diagnosis, early metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Metastasis can occur before the development of histologically detectable tumors and is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. We identified that pancreatic tumor cells derived from mice that resist immunotherapy (e.g., tumor escape variants, TEV) and re-implanted into the pancreas of syngeneic and immunocompetent mice rapidly metastasize, reflecting the pathogenesis of human PDA. We show that TEVs retain the targeted tumor antigen, and despite a defect in IFNgamma-inducible MHC class I upregulation, TEVs remain sensitive to tumor antigen specific T cell-mediated lysis in vitro, suggesting TEVs may confer unique qualities in vivo to resist T cell killing. Using a peptide:MHC tetramer to identify the tumor-specific CD8 T cells, we identified that intratumoral T cells in EV tumors have increased Granzyme B production and a reduction in prototypical exhaustion markers PD1, Lag3, and Tox, perhaps due to reduced MHC class I signaling. Notably, primary tumors from TEVs were significantly enriched for Foxp3+ Tregs as compared to parental tumors. Using a genetic model, we identified that Treg depletion resulted in a drastic reduction in tumor burden and metastasis and improved tumor-specific T cell function in TEV tumors. Tumor-cell intrinsic changes driving Treg accumulation in TEVs will be discussed. In summary, Tregs are key drivers of both T cell exhaustion and immunosuppression in pancreatic cancer and may prove a valuable clinical target for tumors that evade immune checkpoint blockade. Supported by grants from NIH (R01 CA249393)
Dictyostelium myosin-II heavy-chain kinase A is activated by autophosphorylation: studies with Dictyostelium myosin-II and synthetic peptides (1990)

One of the major sites phosphorylated on the Dictyostelium myosin II heavy chain by the Dictyostelium myosin II heavy-chain kinase A (MHCK A) is Thr-2029. Two synthetic peptides based on the sequence of the Dictyostelium myosin II heavy chain around Thr-2029 have been synthesized: MH-1 (residues 2020-2035; RKKFGESEKTKTKEFL-amide) and MH-2 (residues 2024-2035). Both peptides are substrates for MHCK A and are phosphorylated to a level of 1 mol of phosphate/mol. Tryptic digests indicate that the peptides are phosphorylated on the threonine corresponding to Thr-2029. When assays are initiated by the addition of MHCK A, the rate of phosphate incorporation into the peptides increases progressively for 4-6 min. The increasing activity of MHCK A over this time period is a result of autophosphorylation. Although each 130-kDa subunit of MHCK A can incorporate up to 10 phosphate molecules, 3 molecules of phosphate per subunit are sufficient to completely activate the kinase. Autophosphorylated MHCK A displays Vmax values of 2.2 and 0.6 mumol.min-1.mg-1 and Km values of 100 and 1200 microM with peptides MH-1 and MH-2, respectively. Unphosphorylated MHCK A displays a 50-fold lower Vmax with MH-1 but only a 2-fold greater Km. In the presence of Dictyostelium myosin II, the rate of autophosphorylation of MHCK A is increased 4-fold. If assays are performed at 4 degrees C (to slow the rate of MHCK A autophosphorylation), autophosphorylation can be shown to increase the activity of MHCK A with myosin II.
Non-binary LDPC codes with large alphabet size (2014)

We study LDPC codes for the channel with input x ∈ F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">q</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sup> and output y = x + z ∈ F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">q</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sup> . The aim of this paper is to evaluate decoding performance of q <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sup> -ary non-binary LDPC codes for large m. We give density evolution and decoding performance evaluation for regular non-binary LDPC codes and spatially-coupled (SC) codes. We show the regular codes do not achieve the capacity of the channel while SC codes do.
Conjugated polymer–inorganic semiconductor hybrid solar cells (2011)

To further improve device performance of polymer–inorganic hybrid solar cells, several challenges need to be considered including morphology control, polymer and inorganic material engineering, and donor–acceptor interface modification.
Valley trion dynamics in monolayer MoSe2 (2016)

Charged excitons called trions play an important role in the fundamental valley dynamics in newly emerging two-dimensional semiconductor materials. We use ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy to study the valley trion dynamics in a ${\mathrm{MoSe}}_{2}$ monolayer grown by using chemical vapor deposition. The dynamics displays an ultrafast trion formation followed by a nonexponential decay. The measurements at different pump fluences show that the trion decay dynamics becomes slower as the excitation density increases. The observed trion dynamics and the associated density dependence are a result of the trapping by two defect states as being the dominating decay mechanism. The simulation based on a set of rate equations reproduces the experimental data for different pump fluences. Our results reveal the important trion dynamics and identify the trapping by defect states as the primary trion decay mechanism in monolayer ${\mathrm{MoSe}}_{2}$ under the excitation densities used in our experiment.
Population Viability Analysis of Monk Parakeets in the United States and Examination of Alternative Management Strategies (2007)

In the United States, monk parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus) are expanding their geographical distribution, and their overall population size is growing exponentially. Monk parakeets are causing widespread economic damage in the United States by nesting on utility structures, which leads to electrical fires and power outages. Although few life history data are available for the species from North America, extensive data are available from the species’ native range in South America. Incorporating data from South America into the population viability analysis program VORTEX, we simulated population growth in United States monk parakeets to determine whether it is likely that the United States population shows life history patterns similar to those in the native range. The answer was, no. The intrinsic rate of growth (r) of monk parakeets in the United States (r = 0.119 during the period 1976–2003) was almost double the rate of population growth (r = 0.064) for the simulated population. Modifying the South American data to allow for reduced mortality, higher fecundity, or a greater proportion of breeding females resulted in population growth rates similar to those in the United States. We extended the simulations to examine the effectiveness of alternative control measures on the monk parakeet population by using the modified life history data. Simulations revealed that it would be necessary to remove 20% of the adult population or to destroy 50% of the nests each year to reduce the population size of monk parakeets. In practical terms, such massive management efforts are unlikely to be sustainable. Instead, control of monk parakeets will likely require an integrated approach including removal of local problem nests on a case-by-case basis and long-term population reduction through trapping or chemical sterilization.
Targeting the CXCR4 pathway using a novel anti-CXCR4 IgG1 antibody (PF-06747143) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (2017)

We show evidence that PF-06747143 has biological activity in CLL primary cells, supporting a rationale for evaluation of PF-06747143 for the treatment of CLL patients.
BAYESIAN SPECIFICATION ANALYSIS AND ESTIMATION OF SIMULTANEOUS EQUATION MODELS USING MONTE CARLO METHODS (1988)

Bayesian methods for specification analysis or diagnostic checking of the simultaneous equation model are formulated and applied in analysis of two models. In this work, a direct Monte Carlo simulation approach is employed to compute exact posterior distributions of parameters measuring discrepancies from specifying assumptions, e.g., identifying restrictions exogeneity, etc. Also, ,a new approach for calculating the posterior distributions of a structural equation's parameters is developed and applied using Monte Carlo numerical methods. It is concluded that the methods developed will permit convenient computation of exact finite sample specification error and estimation results for simultaneous equation models.
Fullerene-Like (IF) NbxMo1-xS2 Nanoparticles (2007)

IF-Mo1-xNbxS2 nanoparticles have been synthesized by a vapor-phase reaction involving the respective metal halides with H2S. The IF-Mo1-xNbxS2 nanoparticles, containing up to 25% Nb, were characterized by a variety of experimental techniques. Analysis of the powder X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and different electron microscopy techniques shows that the majority of the Nb atoms are organized as nanosheets of NbS2 within the MoS2 host lattice. Most of the remaining Nb atoms (3%) are interspersed individually and randomly in the MoS2 host lattice. Very few Nb atoms, if any, are intercalated between the MoS2 layers. A sub-nanometer film of niobium oxide seems to encoat the majority of the nanoparticles. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in the chemically resolved electrical measurement mode (CREM) and scanning probe microscopy measurements of individual nanoparticles show that the mixed IF nanoparticles are metallic independent of the substitution pattern of the Nb atoms in the lattice of MoS2 (whereas unsubstituted IF-MoS2 nanoparticles are semiconducting). Furthermore the IF-Mo1-xNbxS2 nanoparticles are found to exhibit interesting single electron tunneling effects at low temperatures.
SAREF4health: IoT Standard-Based Ontology-Driven Healthcare Systems (2018)

Recently, a number of ontology-driven healthcare systems have been leveraged by the Internet-of-Things (IoT) technologies, which offer opportunities to improve patient monitoring and abnormal situation detection with support of medical wearables and cloud infrastructure. Usually, these systems rely on IoT ontologies to represent sensor data observations. The ETSI Smart Appliances REFerence (SAREF) IoT ontology is an extensible industry-oriented standard. In this paper, we discuss the verbosity problem of SAREF when used for real-time electrocardiography (ECG), emphasizing the requirement of representing time series. We compared the main ontologies in this context according to quality, message size (payload), IoT-orientation and standardization. We also introduce a SAREF4health extension to tackle the verbosity problem. In the SAREF4health development we followed ontology-driven conceptual modelling, in which an ECG ontology grounded in the Unified Foundational Ontology (UFO) plays the role of a reference model. The methodology was enhanced by a standardization procedure and considers the RDF serialization of the HL7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) standard. The validation of SAREF4health includes the use cases of an early warning system that uses ECG data to detect accidents with truck drivers in a port area. A prototype that integrates an existing ECG wearable with cloud infrastructure demonstrates the performance impact of SAREF4health considering IoT constraints. Our results show that SAREF4health is adequate to enable semantic interoperability of IoT solutions that need to deal with frequency-based time series. Design decisions regarding the trade-off between ontology quality and aggregation representation are also discussed.
Non-invasive, quantitative, and remote detection of early radiation cataracts for applications in bio-astronautics and bio-informatics (2001)

Human exploration of Mars may be a possibility in the next twenty years. Maintaining good vision is an essential aspect of achieving a successful mission. Continuous radiation exposure is a risk factor for radiation-induced cataracts in astronauts. A compact device based on the technique of dynamic light scattering (DLS) is designed for monitoring an astronaut’s ocular health during long-duration space travel. Preliminary data on the simulated effects of ionizing radiation exposure to the ocular tissues of non-human animals and results on the sensitivity of DLS over established clinical procedures in investigating cataracts are presented. This capability of early diagnosis, unmatched by any other clinical technique in use today, may enable prompt initiation of preventive/curative therapy. An inter-net web based system integrating photon correlation data and controlling the hardware to monitor cataract development in vivo at a remote site in real time (tele-ophthalmology) is currently being developed. Cataract studies on-board the International Space Station (ISS) will be helpful in designing better protective radiation shields for future space vehicles and space suits.