gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ACCF/AHA/ACR/SCAI/SIR/SVM/SVN/SVS 2010 performance measures for adults with peripheral artery disease (2010)

Over the past decade, there has been an increasing awareness that the quality of medical care delivered in the United States is variable. In its seminal document dedicated to characterizing deficiencies in delivering effective, timely, safe, equitable, efficient, and patient-centered medical care, the Institute of Medicine described a quality “chasm”.1 Recognition of the magnitude of the gap between the care that is delivered and the care that ought to be provided has stimulated interest in the development of measures of quality of care and the use of such measures for the purposes of quality improvement and accountability.

Consistent with this national focus on healthcare quality, the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF) and the American Heart Association (AHA) have taken a leadership role in developing measures of the quality of care for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in several clinical areas (Table 1). The ACCF/AHA Task Force on Performance Measures was formed in February 2000 and was charged with identifying the clinical topics appropriate for the development of performance measures and with assembling writing committees composed of clinical and methodological experts. When appropriate, these committees have included representation from other organizations involved in the care of patients with the condition of focus. The committees are informed about the methodology of performance measure development and are instructed to construct measures for use both prospectively and retrospectively, to rely upon easily documented clinical criteria, and where appropriate, to incorporate administrative data. The data elements required for the performance measures are linked to existing ACCF/AHA clinical data standards to encourage uniform measurements of cardiovascular care. The writing committees are also instructed to evaluate the extent to which existing nationally recognized performance measures conform to the attributes of performance measures described by the ACCF/AHA and to strive to create measures aligned with acceptable existing measures …
Site of attachment of 11-cis-retinal in bovine rhodopsin (1980)

A dipeptide containing the binding site for retinal in bovine rhodopsin has been isolated and its sequence determined. Rhodopsin containing [11-3H]retinal was prepared in chromatographically pure form, and the [3H]retinal was reductively linked to its binding site on opsin by using borane--dimethylamine. The [3H]retinylopsin in octyl glucoside was exhaustively digested with Pronase, and its peptides were separated on silica gel in chloroform/methanol/ammonia [Bownds, D. (1967) Nature (London) 216, 1178--1181] followed by silica gel thin-layer chromatography in two solvent systems. The major retinyl peptide was shown to be alanyl-N epsilon-retinyllysine by amino acid composition, 3H content, and amino acid sequence analysis. The retinyl binding site is located in the carboxyl-terminal region of rhodopsin: when rod cell disk membranes containing [3H]retinal rhodopsin were digested with thermolysin and then reacted with sodium borohydride or borane--dimethylamine, [3H]retinal was reduced onto the F2 (Mr congruent to 6000) fragment, which derives from rhodopsin's carboxyl-terminal region.
Seizure Duration and Hemodynamic State During Electroconvulsive Therapy: Sodium Thiopental Versus Propofol (2015)

Propofol provides a more stable hemodynamic state for the ECT procedures, and its use is highly preferred over sodium thiopental in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Genetic diversity of human papillomavirus type 16 E6, E7, and L1 genes in Italian women with different grades of cervical lesions (2009)

High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are risk factors for the development of cervical cancer. HPV 16 is the most common type, being present in about 60% of cervical cancers worldwide. Previous studies have reported upon the association between HPV 16 E6 variants and increased risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cervical cancer. In this study, the presence of HPV 16 polymorphisms in the E6, E7, and L1 genes was investigated in relation to the presence of high-grade lesions. Sequencing of the E6 gene revealed the presence of nucleotide mutations resulting in 15 amino acid changes. Of these, the G134D and C136R fall within the CXXC zinger finger domain important for p53 binding. In the E7 gene, four nucleotide variations were identified with two leading to the amino acid substitutions L15V and S31R. The L1 gene showed 13 nucleotide changes leading to 11 amino acid substitutions. Among these, the R364C and N367D are located at the base of the HI-loop of the L1 protein, considered to be the immunodominant epitope of HPV 16. No significant relationship between HPV 16 variants and high-grade lesions was found. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the HPV 16 variants identified belonged to the European lineage, except one which was of the Asian-American lineage. The European-350G variant was detected most frequently (22 of 34, 64.7%). The study provides some new data on the genetic diversity of HPV 16 which may help to understand the oncogenic potential of the virus and to improve management of patients.
Outdoor Recreation Enterprises - A New Source of Income in Iowa (1966)

Higher incomes and more free time create greater demand for outdoor recreation. In response to this demand, some farm owners are using part of their land to develop recreation facilities.
Enhanced Reducibility of Ce1-xTixO2 Compared to That of CeO2 and Higher Redox Catalytic Activity of Ce1-x-yTixPtyO2-δ Compared to That of Ce1-xPtxO2-δ (2006)

Nanocrystalline Ce(1)(-)(x)Ti(x)O(2) (0 < or = x < or = 0.4) and Ce(1-)(x)(-)(y)Ti(x)Pt(y)O(2)(-)(delta) (x = 0.15, y = 0.01, 0.02) solid solutions crystallizing in fluorite structure have been prepared by a single step solution combustion method. Temperature programmed reduction and XPS study of Ce(1)(-)(x)Ti(x)O(2) (x = 0.0-04) show complete reduction of Ti(4+) to Ti(3+) and reduction of approximately 20% Ce(4+) to Ce(3+) state compared to 8% Ce(4+) to Ce(3+) in the case of pure CeO(2) below 675 degrees C. The substitution of Ti ions in CeO(2) enhances the reducibility of CeO(2). Ce(0.84)Ti(0.15)Pt(0.01)O(2)(-)(delta) crystallizes in fluorite structure and Pt is ionically substituted with 2+ and 4+ oxidation states. The H/Pt atomic ratio at 30 degrees C over Ce(0.84)Ti(0.15)Pt(0.01)O(2)(-)(delta) is 5 and that over Ce(0.99)Pt(0.01)O(2)(-)(delta) is 4 against just 0.078 for 8 nm Pt metal particles. Carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon oxidation activity are much higher over Ce(1-)(x)(-)(y)Ti(x)Pt(y)O(2) (x = 0.15, y = 0.01, 0.02) compared to Ce(1)(-)(x)Pt(x)O(2) (x = 0.01, 0.02). Synergistic involvement of Pt(2+)/Pt degrees and Ti(4+)/Ti(3+) redox couples in addition to Ce(4+)/Ce(3+) due to the overlap of Pt(5d), Ti(3d), and Ce(4f) bands near E(F) is shown to be responsible for improved redox property and higher catalytic activity.
Macrofaunal communities in the Gioia Canyon (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) (2020)

Submarine canyons play pivotal roles in the physical, biological and ecological processes of coastal areas, especially in closed or semi-closed basins as the Mediterranean Sea, influencing the biodiversity and the abundance of the benthic fauna. On February 2013, during the Tyrrhenian Gravity Flows (TyGraF) campaign, samples have been collected along the Gioia Canyon Basin (Italy) with the aim to describe the taxonomical composition and the abundances of the macrobenthic assemblages, filling the gap of knowledge in this area. A total of 93 taxa were identified, and the Annelida was the phylum with the highest number of specimens and most diversified (46 taxa). The polychaetes Sternaspis scutata, Prionospio cirrifera and Monticellina sp., the bivalves Thyasira sp.1 and Saccella commutata and the amphipods belonging to the genera Ampelisca and Harpinia showed the highest densities in the studied area; however, results suggest low values of the abundances of the macrobenthos if compared with those generally reported for other canyons, both inside and outside the Mediterranean Sea. The marine biotic index (AMBI) highlights that the canyon system and the surrounded area were slightly disturbed and characterized by a high percentage of tolerant taxa. This study is the first baseline for future analyses of the macrobenthic communities of this area.
Clinical spectrum of neuro‐ophthalmological manifestations associated in MOG antibodies in children (2022)

Abstract Introduction: The discovery of the role of MOG antibodies over the last decade has tremendously modified our comprehension of inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system (CNS), especially in children. Objective: To describe the clinical spectrum of neuro‐ophthalmological manifestations associated in MOG antibodies in children. Methods: Literature review using Pubmed and Google Scholar and chosen clinical case series. Results: Three long known clinical entities affecting the optic nerve in children have been recently proven to be largely associated with MOG antibodies: optic neuritis in the context of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM); monophasic optic neuritis; chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy (CRION). ADEM is a child's specificity. CRION often starts during late childhood. These entities can occur after one another in a same child. Conclusions: The absence of overlap between multiple sclerosis, aquaporine 4 antibodies (associated with neuromyelitis optica only) and MOG antibodies, allows for a new, clearer delineation of inflammatory disorders of the CNS in children, closer to the precise classical clinical descriptions than to the semi‐recent criteria‐based “spectra”.
Potential metabolites of the neuroleptic agents belonging to the 8-methylthio-10-piperazino-10,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,f]thiepin series; Synthesis of 2-hydroxy and 3-hydroxy derivatives (1985)

The acid VI , prepared by reaction of potassium salts of (2-iodo-5-methoxyphenyl)acetic acid and 4-(methylthio)thiophenol in the presence of copper, was transformed via intermediates VII-IX to 2-methoxy-8-methylthio-10-piperazino-10,11-dihydrodibenzo[ b,f ]thiepins X and XI . Their demethylation with boron tribromide afforded 2-hydroxy derivatives of the neuroleptic agents methiothepin and oxyprothepin I and II . 11-Chloro-7-methoxy-2-methylthio-10,11-dihydrodibenzo[ b,f ]thiepin was subjected to substitution reactions with 1-methylpiperazine and 1-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperazine and gave piperazine derivatives XIII and XIV , out of which the latter gave the secondary amine XV by alkaline hydrolysis. The ethers XIII and XV were also cleaved with boron tribromide and gave 3-hydroxy derivatives of methiothepin ( III ) and its demethyl derivative IV . The phenols I, II , and IV are potential metabolites of the mentioned neuroleptic agents; compound III , which already was identified as a metabolite, disclosed properties of a strong and cataleptic neuroleptic agent with prolonged duration of the effects. The methoxy compounds X, XI , and XIII are practically devoid of the neuroleptic activity.
Simple method for estimating neutron-induced soft error rates based on modified BGR model (1999)

Recently the importance of cosmic ray neutron-induced soft errors has been recognized. We propose a simple model to estimate the neutron-induced soft error rates (SER's), which is a modified version of the burst generation rate (BGR) model. Our model can be used to easily and quickly estimate neutron-induced soft error rates and provides a useful guideline for device and circuit engineers to estimate neutron-induced soft errors (SE's),.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymer‐Supported Reagents: Facile Synthesis of β‐Oxoalkyl ( Acetonyl) Esters of Carboxylic Acids. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
pH-Responsive carriers for oral drug delivery: challenges and opportunities of current platforms (2017)

Oral administration is a desirable alternative of parenteral administration due to the convenience and increased compliance to patients, especially for chronic diseases that require frequent administration. The oral drug delivery is a dynamic research field despite the numerous challenges limiting their effective delivery, such as enzyme degradation, hydrolysis and low permeability of intestinal epithelium in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. pH-Responsive carriers offer excellent potential as oral therapeutic systems due to enhancing the stability of drug delivery in stomach and achieving controlled release in intestines. This review provides a wide perspective on current status of pH-responsive oral drug delivery systems prepared mainly with organic polymers or inorganic materials, including the strategies used to overcome GI barriers, the challenges in their development and future prospects, with focus on technology trends to improve the bioavailability of orally delivered drugs, the mechanisms of drug release from pH-responsive oral formulations, and their application for drug delivery, such as protein and peptide therapeutics, vaccination, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and bacterial infections.
Use of Vinylidene Fluoride (VDF) Telomers to Obtain Well-architectured Fluoropolymers, and Their Applications (2022)

The radical telomerization of vinylidene fluoride (VDF) with different chain-transfer agents (CTAs) and the use of the resulting fluorinated telomers are described. First, although many studies have been reported on such a reaction, the most recent ones involving CCl3Z, thiols, methanol, and alkanes will be summarized. Extension of the telomerization of VDF towards controlled radical polymerization [reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP)] could be achieved using specific CTAs, such as 1-iodoperfluoroalkanes and xanthates. The second part of the chapter is devoted to well-designed architectures obtained from these VDF telomers (e.g. macromonomers, block, graft and star copolymers or dendrimers). These VDF telomers have been involved in several applications such as surface modifiers, non-perfluorinated surfactants, electroactive thin films, porous coordination polymers, hybrid fluorosilicones, and nanocomposites, and these applications are discussed. The interest in inserting VDF units lies in obtaining a hydrogenofluorinated chain that maintains satisfactory performance and is much less stable than perfluorinated chains produced from tetrafluoroethylene telomers for which bioaccumulation, toxicity, and persistence have been highlighted.
MoorPy (Quasi-Static Mooring Analysis in Python) (2021)

MoorPy is a quasi-static mooring model and a suite of associated functions for mooring system analysis. The core model supports quasi-static analysis of moored floating systems including any arrangement of mooring lines and floating platforms. It solves the distributed position and tension of each mooring line segment using standard catenary equations. Floating platforms can be represented with linear hydrostatic characteristics. MoorPy automatically computes a floating system's equilibrium state and can be queried to identify a mooring system's nonlinear force-displacement relationships. Linearized stiffness matrices are efficiently computed using semi-analytic Jacobians. MoorPy also includes plotting functions and a library of mooring component property and cost coefficients. MoorPy can be used directly from Python scripts to perform mooring design and analysis tasks, or it can be coupled with other tools to compute quasi-static mooring reactions as part of a larger simulation.
Current strategies against persistent human papillomavirus infection (Review) (2019)

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection, exhibiting a tropism for the epidermis and mucosae. The link between persistent HPV infection and malignancies involving the anogenital tract as well as the head and neck has been well‑established, and it is estimated that HPV‑related cancers involving various anatomical sites account for 4.5% of all human cancers. Current prophylactic vaccines against HPV have enabled the prevention of associated malignancies. However, the sizeable population base of current infection in whom prophylactic vaccines are not applicable, certain high‑risk HPV types not included in vaccines, and the vast susceptible population in developing countries who do not have access to the costly prophylactic vaccines, put forward an imperative need for effective therapies targeting persistent infection. In this article, the life cycle of HPV, the mechanisms facilitating HPV evasion of recognition and clearance by the host immune system, and the promising therapeutic strategies currently under investigation, particularly antiviral drugs and therapeutic vaccines, are reviewed.
The two coupling fluids method for ultrasonic velocity measurement. Application to biological tissues (2009)

Measuring the ultrasonic velocity in soft materials, especially in biological tissues, is never easy. One of the main issues is that the thickness of the sample under test is badly defined. From the time-of-flight measurement method, uncertainties in the thickness induce important uncertainties in experimental results. This implies that the ultrasonic velocity is often a poor criterion when it could be a good one. This paper introduces a new method to measure the ultrasonic velocity in soft materials without knowing the sample thickness The main idea of this method is to use two different coupling media to make two relative time-of-flight measurements. The comparison of these two measurements gives the ultrasonic velocity in the sample under test. Furthermore, this comparison can give the local thickness of the sample. The uncertainty calculations show that the effect on the thickness is drastically reduced by using this new ultrasound method. This method is validated on a reference sample (silicone). Before conclusion, some experimental results obtained with mouse skin samples are presented.
Anchor Selection In Angle-Of-Arrival Estimation-Based Localization Using Polynomial Chaos Expansions (2020)

Angle-of-arrival (AoA) estimation-based localization systems are a promising technology in the context of Internet-of-Things. The system considered is a densely deployed set of anchors equipped with arrays of antennas able to measure the AoA of the signal emitted by the device to be located. Naturally, the AoA measurements are prone to uncertainties due to noise, channel conditions and uncertainties on the anchors placement and orientations. In this work, a method based on Polynomial Chaos Expansions is proposed to perform anchor selection in order to enhance the precision of the positioning. An experimental setup with six anchors is implemented to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The experimental results demonstrate that by applying our anchor selection method, the performance of the localization system improves.
Interference Cancellation for HetNet Deployment in 3GPP LTE-Advanced Rel-11 (2013)

In this paper, we propose a frequency domain CRS successive interference cancellation scheme for HetNet deployment in 3GPP LTE-Advanced Rel-11 systems. The proposed scheme calculates a metric value for each interfering cell. Based on the calculated metric value, the CRS interferences from dominant interfering cells are successively cancelled with adaptive channel estimation. Furthermore, two threshold values are set to decide whether the CRS interference cancellation should be switched on or not and which kind of channel estimation method should be utilized for CRS interference regeneration, respectively. Simulation results show that the proposed CRS successive interference cancellation scheme improves the throughput performance significantly.
High breakdown voltage GaN HFET with field plate (2001)

A novel high breakdown voltage GaN HFET with a field plate (FP GaN HFET) to form a gamma-shape gate is presented. The use of the field plate significantly reduces the field strength under the gate near the drain side. Simulation results show that the peak electric field of the device is reduced from 1.2 × 106 V/cm to 0.9 × 106 V/cm for the particular structure used. A high breakdown voltage (over 110 V) is achieved and the average ratio of BVgd over BVgs reaches a value of 2.4, compared to that of only 1.038 for a conventional GaN HFET.
Discovery of Novel Pyrimidine-Based Capsid Assembly Modulators as Potent Anti-HBV Agents (2021)

Core assembly modulators of viral capsid proteins have been developed as an effective treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In this study, we synthesized novel potent pyrimidine derivatives as core assembly modulators, and their antiviral effects were evaluated in in vitro and in vivo biological experiments. One of the synthesized derivatives, compound <b>23h</b> (R<sup>1</sup> = MeSO<sub>2</sub>, R<sup>2</sup> = 1-piperidin-4-amine, R<sup>3</sup> = 3-Cl-4-F-aniline) displayed potent inhibitory effects in the in vitro assays (52% inhibition in the protein-based assay at 100 nM and an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 181 nM in the serum HBV DNA quantification assay). Moreover, treatment with compound <b>23h</b> for 5 weeks significantly decreased serum levels of HBV DNA levels (3.35 log reduction) in a human liver-chimeric uPA/SCID mouse model, and these effects were significantly increased when <b>23h</b> was combined with tenofovir, a nucleotide analogue inhibitor of reverse transcriptase used for the treatment of HBV infection.
A Spatial Target Function for Metropolis Photon Tracing (2017)

The human visual system is sensitive to relative differences in luminance, but light transport simulation algorithms based on Metropolis sampling often result in a highly nonuniform relative error distribution over the rendered image. Although this issue has previously been addressed in the context of the Metropolis light transport algorithm, our work focuses on Metropolis photon tracing. We present a new target function (TF) for Metropolis photon tracing that ensures good stratification of photons leading to pixel estimates with equalized relative error. We develop a hierarchical scheme for progressive construction of the TF from paths sampled during rendering. In addition to the approach taken in previous work, where the TF is defined in the image plane, ours can be associated with compact spatial regions. This allows us to take advantage of illumination coherence to more robustly estimate the TF while adapting to geometry discontinuities. To sample from this TF, we design a new replica exchange Metropolis scheme. We apply our algorithm in progressive photon mapping and show that it often outperforms alternative approaches in terms of image quality by a large margin.