gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Signal enhancement in microseismic data: Application to a field data set (2013)

We implement a technique to suppress surface-wave noise in microseismic data based upon the distinct characteristics that microseismic signals and noise display in the τ - p domain. In order to determine an estimated orientation that best accounts for the polarity pattern of any microseismic events with double-couple source mechanisms, we employ a scanning approach similar to semblance analysis, to test all possible double-couple orientations. We then correct the polarity of the data traces according to this pattern, prior to conducting signal-noise separation in the τ - p domain. We apply this noise suppression technique to microseismic data recorded by a star-shaped array, over a Bakken Shale reservoir during a hydraulic fracturing process. Our technique significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratios of the microseismic events. We illustrate that the enhancement in signal-to-noise ratio also results in improved imaging of the microseismic hypocenter.
ELECTRON-PHONON EFFECTS IN THE INFRARED SPECTRA OF HIGH Tc SUPERCONDUCTORS (1991)

This brief review discusses the evidence for and implications of strong interactions between certain phonon modes and some of the charge carriers in oxide superconductors. We suggest that the interaction, which involves oxygen vibrations, is sufficiently strong that the interacting carriers are rendered immobile. Other carriers interact only weakly; it is these latter free carriers which dominate the electrical conductivity and which condense to form a superfluid.
Synthesis of Riboflavin Nucleotides by Mature Human Erythrocytes (1970)

Abstract Intact human red blood cells can synthesize FAD and FMN from riboflavin. The rate of synthesis of FAD is linearly proportional to the concentration of riboflavin in the medium at levels below 0.9 µM. With 0.9 µM riboflavin, the rate of synthesis is about 0.1 mµmole FAD/ml. red blood cells/hour. Incubation of red blood cells with riboflavin can result in increased red cell glutathione reductase activity when the enzyme is measured in the absence of added FAD. This indicates that the FAD concentration in the red cells increased during the incubation. The rate of incorporation of radioactive riboflavin into red blood cells is the same whether the cells are suspended in plasma or in a phosphate-saline-glucose medium. The time it takes for half the FAD in normal human red blood cells to turn over is calculated to be about 6 days, assuming a single mixing pool of red cell FAD.
Statistical geometry in sequence space: a method of quantitative comparative sequence analysis. (1988)

A statistical method of comparative sequence analysis that combines horizontal and vertical correlations among aligned sequences is introduced. It is based on the analysis mainly of quartet combinations of sequences considered as geometric configurations in sequence space. Numerical invariants related to relative internal segment lengths are assigned to each such configuration and statistical averages of these invariants are established. They are used for internal calibration of the topology of divergence and for quantitative determination of the noise level. Comparison of computer simulations with experimental data reveals the high sensitivity of assignment of basic topologies even if much randomized. In addition, these procedures are checked by vertical analysis of the aligned sequences to allow the study of divergences with positionally varying substitution probabilities.
Activation of Drosophila melanogaster TRPA1 Isoforms by Citronellal and Menthol (2021)

<i>dTrpA1</i> was required for the normal avoidance of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> towards citronellal and menthol. All dTRPA1 isoforms are activated by both compounds, but the dTRPA1(B) is consistently the least sensitive. We discuss how these findings may guide further studies on the physiological roles and the structural bases of chemical sensitivity of TRPA1 channels.
Multi-material decomposition using low-current X-ray and a photon-counting CZT detector (2011)

We developed and evaluated an x-ray photon-counting imaging system using an energy-resolving cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detector coupled with application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) readouts. This x-ray imaging system can be used to identify different materials inside the object. The CZT detector has a large active area (5×5 array of 25 CZT modules, each with 16×16 pixels, cover a total area of 200 mm × 200 mm), high stopping efficiency for x-ray photons (~ 100 % at 60 keV and 5 mm thickness). We explored the performance of this system by applying different energy windows around the absorption edges of target materials, silver and indium, in order to distinguish one material from another. The photon-counting CZT-based x-ray imaging system was able to distinguish between the materials, demonstrating its capability as a radiation-spectroscopic decomposition system.
Altered Range of Motion and Plantar Pressure in Anterior and Posterior Malaligned Total Ankle Arthroplasty (2019)

The observed changes in range of motion and plantar pressures may explain why malaligned ankle arthroplasties are associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes and poor prosthesis longevity. Posterior malalignments may produce worse clinical outcomes than anterior malalignments.
Protein engineering of tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase: the charging of tRNA (1986)

Abstract Protein engineering has been used to identify residues of the tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase from Bacillus stearothermophilus that are in contact with the tRNATyr. By using improved techniques in oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis, forty lysine, arginine, or histidine residues on the surface of the enzyme were altered to either asparagine or glutamine. With an in vivo genetic complementation test, only thirteen mutants were found that seriously affect the overall activity of the enzyme. Detailed kinetics on the purified enzymes revealed that four of these mutants had a lesion at the level of the activation of tyrosine, and nine at the level of tRNA charging. Three of the mutants in tRNA charging lie in the N-terminal domain of the enzyme which is responsible for tyrosine activation, and the six others in the disordered C-terminal domain which is necessary for tRNA binding. This indicates that the tRNA spans both domains of the enzyme. The construction of heterodimers allows us to suggest a model for tRNA binding in which the acceptor stem of the tRNA binds to the N-terminal domain of one subunit, and other regions of tRNATyr such as the anticodon arm or extra loop bind to the C-terminal domain of the other subunit.
Tracking Borrelia afzelii from infected Ixodes ricinus nymphs to mice suggests a direct ‘gut-to-mouth’ route of Lyme disease transmission (2018)

Abstract Quantitative tracking of Borrelia afzelii has shown that its transmission cycle differs from the salivary route of B. burgdorferi transmission by Ixodes scapularis . Borrelia afzelii are abundant in the guts of unfed Ixodes ricinus nymphs and their numbers continuously decrease during feeding. In contrast, spirochetes are not present in the salivary glands. Borrelia afzelii transmission starts during the early stages of feeding, spirochetes could be detected in murine skin within 1 day of tick attachment. Tick saliva is not essential for B. afzelii infectivity, the main requirement for successful host colonization being a change in outer surface protein expression that occurs in the tick gut during feeding. Spirochetes in vertebrate mode are able to survive within the host even if the tick is not present. On the basis of our data we propose that a direct ‘gut-to-mouth’ route of infection appears to be the main route of B. afzelii transmission. Importance Lyme borreliosis is the most common vector-borne disease in the USA and Europe. The disease is caused by the Borrelia spirochetes and is transmitted through Ixodes ticks. A better understanding of how Borrelia spirochetes are transmitted is crucial for development of efficient vaccines for preventing Lyme borreliosis. Here we present that the transmission of European B. afzelii spirochetes by I. ricinus ticks significantly differs from the model transmission cycle described for American B. burgdorferi / I. scapularis . We suggest that B. afzelii is not transmitted via salivary glands but most likely through the ‘midgut to mouthpart’ route. We further demonstrate that tick saliva is not important for B. afzelii transmission and infectivity. Therefore, we support early studies by Willy Burgdorfer, who proposed that Borrelia transmission occurs by regurgitation of infected gut contents. Our findings collectively point to the Borrelia -tick midgut interface as the correct target in our endeavours to combat Lyme borreliosis.
Expression Profiling of Cytokinin Action in Arabidopsis (2003)

The phytohormone cytokinin is an important regulator of plant growth and development; however, relatively few genes that mediate cytokinin responses have been identified. Genome-wide analyses of Arabidopsis seedlings using the approximately 8,300-element Affymetrix Arabidopsis GeneChips (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA) to examine cytokinin-responsive genes were conducted, revealing at least 30 genes whose steady-state level of mRNA was elevated and at least 40 that were down-regulated at multiple time points after application of cytokinin. The cytokinin up-regulated genes include the type-A Arabidopsis response regulators (ARRs), which had been shown previously to be cytokinin primary response genes, cytokinin oxidase, which encodes an enzyme that degrades cytokinins, and several transcription factors. Cytokinin down-regulated genes include several peroxidases and kinases and an E3 ubiquitin ligase. We identified a common sequence motif enriched in the upstream regions of the most consistently cytokinin up-regulated genes. This motif is highly similar to the optimal DNA-binding sites for ARR1/ARR2, type-B ARRs that have been implicated in the transcriptional elevation of the type-A ARRs. Additionally, genome-wide analyses of cytokinin receptor mutants (wol/cre1) revealed large-scale changes in gene expression, including down-regulation of the type-A ARRs and several meristem and cell cycle genes, such as CycD3. Mutations in CRE1 reduced but did not eliminate the effect of cytokinin on gene expression for a subset of cytokinin-responsive genes and had little or no effect on others, suggesting functional redundancy among the cytokinin receptors.
<title>Fluorescence-enhanced absorption and lifetime imaging</title> (1999)

Near-IR biomedical optical imaging consists of imaging interior volumes on the basis of optical property contrast from measurement conducted at the air-tissue interface. However, the ability to optically image or detect diseased tissue volumes located deep within tissues depends upon the contrast provided by differences in absorption and scattering. The exogenous contrast offered by fluorescent contrast agents may be superior to that provided by nonfluorescing, light-absorbing compounds, when the optical measurement are conducted with frequency-domain techniques. However, the reconstruction of internal fluorescent properties of quantum efficiency and lifetime has been difficult, especially when the finite partitioning of fluorescent compounds takes place between normal and diseased tissues. Also, the correct absorption coefficient map is required for the successful reconstruction of lifetime. Herein we present a novel fluorescence-enhanced imaging algorithm for frequency-domain photon migration measurements imaging differs in that it utilizes measurements of generated fluorescent wave instead of scattered excitation wave. Using synthetic data sets, we demonstrate fluorescence-enhanced imaging using FDA approved fluorescent agent. Indocyanine Green. Our results show the fluorescence-enhanced imaging algorithm works well up to 10:1 dye uptake ratio, and it is relatively insensitive to measurement noise. In addition, we present the lifetime reconstruction with a modified fluorescence-enhanced imaging technique.
[Chronic subdural hematoma simulating a TIA. Implications for the management transient neurological deficit]. (2003)

Chronic subdural hematoma that generally happens after cranial trauma doesn't have clinical manifestations until days or weeks after the traumatism. Due to the lesions nature, symptoms are almost always progressive and presentation as transient ischemic attacks (TIA) is very uncommon. We describe 2 cases of chronic subdural hematoma that started simulating TIA and we discuss its implications in the management of those patients who had presented transient neurological deficit.
Synthesis of Racemic Loliolide (1968)

Racemic loliolide (XIII) and its diastereoisomer (XI) were synthesized from 2-bromo-2, 6, 6-trimethylcyclohexanone (II). The syntheses provide unequivocal confirmation for the proposed structure (I).
Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Infection: Is Suppression of Immune Defence Molecules to Blame? (2021)

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Synthesis and antiviral activities of novel gossypol derivatives (2011)

In this study, a series of novel gossypol derivatives were synthesized and screened in vitro for their anti-HIV-1 and anti-H(5)N(1) activities, respectively. Replacing the aldehyde groups of gossypol with some amino acids not only reduced the cytotoxicity but also enhanced the activities against HIV-1 and H(5)N(1). Compounds 13-17 showed more potent activities against HIV-1 and H(5)N(1) than the other gossypol derivatives. Meanwhile, these compounds also exhibited more potent activities against H(5)N(1) than 1-adamantylamine. The absence of the COONa group in gossypol derivatives resulted in a loss of anti-HIV-1 activity, suggesting that this group might play an important role in mediating the antiviral activity. Time-of-addition assays indicated that compounds 13-17 had the similar mechanism of anti-HIV-1 action with T20. Molecular modeling analysis demonstrated that compounds 13-17 could fit inside the gp41 hydrophobic pocket through hydrogen bonding network, hydrophobic contacts and strong electrostatic interactions.
Evidence for the presence of a precursor form to gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in cultured yolk sac tumor cells. (1983)

The biosynthesis of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was studied in a yolk sac tumor cell line. Cell suspensions were labeled with [14C]leucine; immunoprecipitates were obtained with anti-gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase antibody and analyzed on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis++. A radioactive 80 000 dalton peak and peaks identical to heavy and light subunits were detected in the immunoprecipitates from the extract which was labeled for 15 min. After 45 min labeling, the 80 000 dalton species disappeared, although the two subunits were still observed. Tunicamycin-pretreated cells were labeled with [3H]glucosamine and [14C]leucine for 3.5 h. The 80 000 dalton species was glycosylated, and accumulated to a great degree compared to non-treated cells.
Intensity analysis and crystal-field modeling of Ho3+ in KPb2Cl5 host (2008)

Optical absorption and emission intensities are investigated for Ho3+ doped into single-crystal KPb2Cl5. Room temperature absorption spectra of Ho3+(4f10), representing transitions from I58 to excited multiplet manifolds observed between 400 and 2100 nm, have been analyzed using the Judd–Ofelt (JO) model to obtain the phenomenological intensity parameters Ω2, Ω4, and Ω6. The JO intensity parameters are used to calculate the spontaneous emission probabilities, radiative lifetimes, and branching ratios of the Ho3+ transitions from the upper multiplet manifolds to the corresponding lower-lying multiplet manifolds L2S+1J of Ho3+. The room temperature fluorescence spectrum in the near infrared region is reported between 850 and 1550 nm. The emission cross section for the intermanifold transition, F55→I57 (0.98 μm) has been determined. The 8 K absorption spectrum was examined as well. The detailed structure observed in the absorption bands I57, S52, F54, and F53, was analyzed in terms of the crystal-field splitting of each manifold using a charge-compensation model first developed for Er3+ doped into KPb2Cl5. The optical and spectroscopic characteristics of Ho3+:KPb2Cl5 demonstrate that this material has potential as a laser host system at various wavelengths.
Preferential preservation of constructional praxis delayed recall compared to word list delayed recall in the Amish (2021)

Background While studying cognition in the Amish, we have observed strong performance on the constructional praxis delayed recall (CPDR) as compared to other cognitive tests, independent of overall cognitive status. This may indicate a preferential preservation of visuoconstructive memory in this population. Here, we investigate this by comparing the CPDR to the word list delayed recall (WLDR) while controlling for relationship, genetic risk of Alzheimer disease, and other covariates. Method Amish individuals > 65 years of age (mean age=82) in Indiana/Ohio were examined (n=512) and assigned by consensus review to Normal, MCI/Borderline, or Impaired cognitive status. Paired t-tests were used to compare the CPDR and WLDR Z-scores. Using genome-wide genotype data, a kinship matrix and principal components (PCs) estimating population substructure were calculated. Genetic Risk Scores (GRS) were also calculated using genome-wide significant variants from Kunkle et al. (2019), weighted by log odds ratio estimates. Using linear regression adjusting for relatedness, we modeled the contribution of GRS, PC1, PC2, cognitive status, age, sex, and education level to the difference between the CPDR and WLDR Z-scores. Result We found a significantly better performance on CPDR over WLDR in every cognitive status group, with this difference between Z-scores being 1.02 units for Normal, 1.72 units for MCI/Borderline, and 1.58 units for Impaired. Linear regression of this difference in Z-scores found significant associations with age, sex, and cognitive status. The effect size of cognitive status was 0.65 units for MCI/Borderline and 0.50 units for Impaired, with Normal as the reference category. This indicates that MCI/Borderline and Impaired individuals have a significantly larger gap between CPDR and WLDR Z-scores than Normal individuals. Conclusion These results suggest that the Amish may preserve memory of constructional praxis relative to word list, especially in MCI/Borderline and Impaired individuals. This indicates that impaired Amish individuals, including those with Alzheimer disease, may decline at a slower rate in visuoconstructive memory than other domains. Genetic Risk Score was not significantly associated with this preferential preservation of constructional praxis, suggesting that it may not be explained by known risk genes. This warrants further studies to identify genetic and other factors associated with this preferential preservation.
Durable tumor remission in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer receiving nivolumab. (2015)

5570 Background: Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is a co-inhibitory receptor expressed on activated T cells which regulates antitumor immunity. Nivolumab is a fully-humanized IgG4 that blocks the engagement of PD-1 by PD-1 ligands. We previously showed nivolumab can mediate tumor regression in a substantial proportion of patients with ovarian cancer in phase II trial (ASCO 2014, UMIN000005714), but the potential of durable anti-tumor response by nivolumab for these patients was unknown. Methods: Patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (n=20) enrolled from 2011 to 2014 were treated with nivolumab (1mg/kg, n=10; 3mg/kg, n=10, each) intravenously every two weeks up to one year were followed how long anti-tumor response continued. Results: Among 20 patients in whom response could be evaluated, we followed two patients with complete response in 3mg/kg cohort and one patient with partial response of 1mg/kg cohort. At the time of data cut off, a partial responder had responses for 5 months, and two complete responders survived without disease progression for 17 and 14 months, each. The duration of response of these patients after treatment discontinuation was 6months and 3months, each. Conclusions: Anti-tumor responses were durable and continued after niolumab-treatment discontinuation. Now we explore the biomarker of these responders and next phase of clinical trials will further assess the significance of nivolumab on survival in patients with ovarian cancer. Clinical trial information: UMIN000005714.
Plus silencieux que la grande muette (2018)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
A novel mirror diversity receiver for indoor MIMO visible light communication systems (2016)

In this paper, we propose and study a non-imaging receiver design reducing the correlation of channel matrix for indoor multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) visible light communication (VLC) systems. Contrary to previous works, our proposed mirror diversity receiver (MDR) not only blocks the reception of light on one specific direction but also improves the channel gain on the other direction by receiving the light reflected by a mirror deployed between the photodetectors. We analyze the channel capacity and optimal height of mirror in terms of maximum channel capacity for a 2 × 2 MIMO-VLC system in a 2-dimensional geometric model. We prove that this constructive and destructive effects in channel matrix resulting from our proposed MDR are more beneficial to obtain well-conditioned channel matrix which is suitable for implementing spatial-multiplexing MIMO-VLC systems in order to support high data rate.
VDC Planner: Dynamic Migration-Aware Virtual Data Center Embedding for Clouds (2013)

Abstract—Cloud computing promises to provide computing resources to a large number of service applications in an on-demand manner. Traditionally, cloud providers such as Amazon only provide guaranteed allocation for compute and storage resources, and fails to support the bandwidth requirements and performance isolation among these applications. To address this limitation, recently a number of proposals advocate providing both guaranteed server and network resources in the form of Virtual Data Centers (VDCs). This raises the problem of optimally allocating both servers resources and data center networks to multiple VDCs in order to optimize total revenue, while minimizing the total energy consumption in the data center. However, despite recent studies on this problem, none of the existing solutions have considered the possibility of using VM migration to dynamically adjust the resource allocation, in order to meet the fluctuating resource demand of VDCs. In this paper, we propose VDC Planner, a migration-aware dynamic virtual data center embedding framework that aims at achieving high revenue while minimizing the total energy cost over-time. Our framework supports various usage scenarios, including VDC embedding, VDC scaling as well as dynamic VDC consolidation. Through experiments using realistic workload traces, we show our proposed approach achieves both higher revenue and lower average scheduling delay compared to existing solutions in the literature. I.
Novel conformationally-constrained β-peptides characterized by1H NMR chemical shifts (2003)

For a novel family of oxanorbornene beta-peptides, density functional theory computations of the three-dimensional structure and 1H NMR chemical shifts predict that the dimer and trimer form consecutive 8-membered hydrogen-bonded ring helices, which is supported by excellent agreement with experimental solution NMR data.