gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Observation of surface dominated topological transport in strained semimetallic ErPdBi thin films (2020)

In this Letter, we present experimental observation of surface-dominated transport properties in [110]-oriented strained (∼1.6%) ErPdBi thin films. The resistivity data show typical semi-metallic behavior in the temperature range of 3 K ≤ T ≤ 350 K with a transition from semiconductor- to metal-like behavior below 3 K. The metallic behavior at low temperature disappears entirely in the presence of an external magnetic field &amp;gt;1 T. The weak-antilocalization (WAL) effect is observed in magneto-conductance data in the low magnetic field region and follows the Hikami–Larkin–Nagaoka (HLN) model. HLN fitting estimated single coherent channel, i.e., α ∼ −0.51 at 1.9 K, and the phase coherence length (Lϕ) shows the Lϕ ∼ T−0.52 power law dependence on temperature in the range of 1.9 K–10 K, indicating the observation of 2D WAL. Shubnikov–de Haas (SdH) oscillations are observed in magneto-resistance data below 10 K and are fitted to standard Lifhsitz Kosevich theory. Fitting reveals the effective mass of charge carriers ∼0.15 me and a finite Berry phase of 0.86π ± 0.16. The sheet carrier concentration and mobility of carriers estimated using SdH data are ns ∼ 1.35 × 1012 cm−2 and μs = 1210 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively, and match well with the data measured using the Hall measurement at 1.9 K to be n ∼ 1.22 × 1012 cm−2, μ = 1035 cm2 V−1 s−1. These findings indicate the non-trivial nature and surface-dominated transport properties of strained (110) ErPdBi thin films at low temperatures.
Thermochromic films of VO 2 :W for smart solar energy applications (2009)

Overheating is a common problem both with the use of active and passive solar energy in thermal solar energy systems and in highly glazed buildings. In solar thermal collectors, the elevated temperatures occurring during stagnation result in reduced lifetime of the collector materials. Highly glazed building facades provide high solar gains in winter, but imply in most cases high energy needs for air conditioning in summer. A solution to such problems might be provided by "smart" thermochromic coatings. A durable inorganic thermochromic material is vanadium dioxide. At 68°C, VO2 undergoes a reversible crystal structural phase transition accompanied by a strong variation in optical properties. By doping the material with tungsten, it is possible to lower the transition temperature making it suitable as a window coating. In order to simulate the optical behaviour of multilayered solar coatings, precise knowledge on the optical material properties is necessary. Experimental data reported in the literature are rare and controversial. We determined the complex dielectric function for VO2:W by spectroscopic UV-VIS-NIR ellipsometry above and below the transition temperature and subsequent point-by-point analysis of the ellipsometric psi/delta data. For a validation, the solar reflectance, absorptance and transmittance were measured by spectrophotometry in the visible range and in the near infrared range up to 2500 nm. The experimental reflectance spectra have been compared with the computer simulations based on the determined optical material properties. Finally, we collected optical data in a more extended wavelength range by digital infrared imaging to detect the switch in thermal emissivity of VO2:W at around 45°C.
The Mechanisms of Thickening by Inorganic Agents (1970)

Synopsis--The inorganic thickening, suspending, and emulsion stabilizing agents available in today&amp;apos;s market are reviewed. These INORGANIC AGENTS include: (a) the CLAY MIN-ERALS attapulgite, bentonite, hectorire, montmorillonite, saponite, and sepiolite; (b) the ORGANIC-MODIFIED MINERALS; and (c) the synthetic materials such as pyrogenic and precipitated SILICA COMPOUNDS. The theories of MECHANISMS OF THICKENING are presented as well as the causes of THIXOTROPIC RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES. These include hydration with formation of oriented water layers, hydration of exchange cations, hydration with expansion of crystalline lattices, mechanical thickening, and hydrogen bonding. Organic surface-modified minerals and use of surfactants necessary for dispersing some mineral thickening agents in organic systems are reviewed.
Analysis of high-frequency qrs components obtained from body surface potential mapping in anterior myocardial infarction (2005)

Analysis of high frequency components of the QRS complex in the standard twelve-lead ECG has been suggested as indicator for ischemia, as significant changes in morphology and voltage amplitude have been observed. Changes in high frequency components for old myocardial infarction are less specific and their advantages over the unfiltered ECG are unclear. However, lead positions outside the standard ECG have not been explored systematically. In this study, we extend the number of leads included in high frequency QRS analysis looking for differences between controls and old anterior myocardial infarctions by applying body surface mapping. Differences in the number of leads presenting reduction in the high frequency content of the QRS complex, as well as the temporal width of this reduction, have been found between patients and normals, suggesting markers for electrocardiographic assessment of conduction slowing
Effect of diluted hydrolysate as yeast propagation medium on ethanol production (2018)

Yeast propagation using 50% diluted hydrolysate in water was utilized for the fermentation of hydrolysate derived from pre-treated ensiled sweet sorghum. The purpose was to condition the yeast to the inhibitors generated during the ensiling of sweet sorghum. The conditioned seed cultures exhibited similar fermentation performance and superior kinetics than the inoculum prepared in YPD medium. Furthermore, the conditioned yeast showed increased tolerance to the increased levels of these inhibitors, including ethanol, acetic and lactic acids, demonstrating an effective way to increase the robustness of yeast fermentation for ethanol production.
Boosting mobile GPU performance with a decoupled access/execute fragment processor (2012)

Smartphones represent one of the fastest growing markets, providing significant hardware/software improvements every few months. However, supporting these capabilities reduces the operating time per battery charge. The CPU/GPU component is only left with a shrinking fraction of the power budget, since most of the energy is consumed by the screen and the antenna. In this paper, we focus on improving the energy efficiency of the GPU since graphical applications consist an important part of the existing market. Moreover, the trend towards better screens will inevitably lead to a higher demand for improved graphics rendering. We show that the main bottleneck for these applications is the texture cache and that traditional techniques for hiding memory latency (prefetching, multithreading) do not work well or come at a high energy cost. We thus propose the migration of GPU designs towards the decoupled access-execute concept. Furthermore, we significantly reduce bandwidth usage in the decoupled architecture by exploiting inter-core data sharing. Using commercial Android applications, we show that the end design can achieve 93% of the performance of a heavily multithreaded GPU while providing energy savings of 34%.
Lipophilic Nucleosides by Sonogashira Coupling (2004)

New amphiphilic nucleosides 3, 5, 7, 9 and nucleobases 12, 14, with lipophilic alkynyl substituents attached to the N-heterocyclic ring were obtained in a straightforward manner by Sonoga­shira coupling of 5-iodouridine, 8-bromoadenosine and protected 8-bromoguanosine or related halonucleobases. In most cases protective groups were unnecessary.
Preparation and evaluation of sustained release carbamazepine matrix tablets using Eudragit RS 100 and Tragacanth (2001)

Carbamazepine is a widely prescribed anticonvulsant antiepileptic drug which shows variable absorption and variable bioavailability. It is advisable to prep. it in sustained release dosage form to improve patient compliance and to perform const. blood level with min. side effects. Problems may be encountered with carbamazepine tablets prepd. by wet granulation if the granules are not thoroughly dried before processing. Therefore, the present study deals with the application of direct compression technique to prep. sustained release carbamazepine matrix tablets. Different levels (0 to 25 % wt.​/wt.) of Eudragit RS 100 and Tragacanth were tested to select the best level of matrix forming material that provides the most release prolonging effect, by direct compression technique using Avicel PH 102 and anhyd. lactose as directly compressible vehicles. Directly compressed matrix tablets of carbamazepine were found to be complied with the USP​/NF 23 requirements for the uniformity of wt., diam., and acceptable mech. properties with respect to tensile strength and friability. Examn. of the release characteristics of the drug from the directly compressed tablets as well as the detn. of the release mechanism were carried out. It was found that, as the percentage of the polymer (either Eudragit or Tragacanth) in all formulations increased from 3.125​% to 18.75​% or 25​% wt.​/wt., the drug release decreased significantly. Involvement of Eudragit RS 100 in the directly compressed matrix tablets gave more sustaining release of carbamazepine than inclusion of Tragacanth in both acidic medium (pH 1.2) and phosphate buffer medium (pH 6.8)​. This was due to the difference between the physicochem. properties of natural polymer Tragacanth and synthetic polymer Eudragit. Comparatively, the formula of carbamazepine tablet contg. 25 % wt.​/wt. Tragacanth showed similar release behavior to that of the com. Tegretol tablets. The calcd. exponential release exponents (n values) indicated that release behavior of carbamazepine matrix tablets was anomalous (non-​Fickian) diffusion kinetics.
Microstructure Evaluation of the Interface between Dental Zirconia Ceramics and Veneering Porcelain (2010)

Synopsis The application of zirconia ceramics for the dental restorations and dental implants has increased. However the weak performance of the veneering porcelains and low adhesion to the zirconia framework were reported. In this study, the micro-structure, elemental distribution and crystal phase around the interface between zirconia and veneering porcelain were estimated using SEM-EDS (energy dispersed spectrometry) and micro-XRD (X-ray diffraction). The specimen fired at 940 o C for 1 minute showed clear interface in the SEM and the elemental distribution images of Zr and Si. With extending firing period up to 384 hours, slight diffusions of Zr and Si, which are the major components of zirconia and porcelain ware suggested. In micro-XRD, no phase transformation was observed in the zirconia and porcelain, thus extension of firing period would not affect the crystal phase around the zirconia/porcelain interface. Therefore, the extension of firing period was expected to slightly improve the zirconia/porcelain bonding.
Power-Steering Control Architecture for Automatic Driving (2005)

The unmanned control of the steering wheel is, at present, one of the most important challenges facing researchers in autonomous vehicles within the field of intelligent transportation systems (ITSs). In this paper, we present a two-layer control architecture for automatically moving the steering wheel of a mass-produced vehicle. The first layer is designed to calculate the target position of the steering wheel at any time and is based on fuzzy logic. The second is a classic control layer that moves the steering bar by means of an actuator to achieve the position targeted by the first layer. Real-time kinematic differential global positioning system (RTK-DGPS) equipment is the main sensor input for positioning. It is accurate to about 1 cm and can finely locate the vehicle trajectory. The developed systems are installed on a Citroe/spl uml/n Berlingo van, which is used as a testbed vehicle. Once this control architecture has been implemented, installed, and tuned, the resulting steering maneuvering is very similar to human driving, and the trajectory errors from the reference route are reduced to a minimum. The experimental results show that the combination of GPS and artificial-intelligence-based techniques behaves outstandingly. We can also draw other important conclusions regarding the design of a control system derived from human driving experience, providing an alternative mathematical formalism for computation, human reasoning, and integration of qualitative and quantitative information.
Compressing Neural Networks with the Hashing Trick (2015)

As deep nets are increasingly used in applications suited for mobile devices, a fundamental dilemma becomes apparent: the trend in deep learning is to grow models to absorb ever-increasing data set sizes; however mobile devices are designed with very little memory and cannot store such large models. We present a novel network architecture, HashedNets, that exploits inherent redundancy in neural networks to achieve drastic reductions in model sizes. HashedNets uses a low-cost hash function to randomly group connection weights into hash buckets, and all connections within the same hash bucket share a single parameter value. These parameters are tuned to adjust to the HashedNets weight sharing architecture with standard backprop during training. Our hashing procedure introduces no additional memory overhead, and we demonstrate on several benchmark data sets that HashedNets shrink the storage requirements of neural networks substantially while mostly preserving generalization performance.
Human, nonhuman primate, and rat pancreatic islets express erythropoietin receptors1 (2003)

This is the first demonstration that pancreatic islets express EPO-R and that EPO may prevent islet-cell apoptosis in culture. In vivo trials to evaluate the potential of long-term expression of EPO to augment islet survival in transplantation are underway.
Overcoming limited resources: An academia-government partnership on Software Engineering and Capstone Projects (2007)

Partnerships can be effective tools for engaging universities with their communities. In this paper we present an academia-government partnership between the Software Engineering, Graphics, and Visualization research group established in the Department of Computer Science at Rowan University and the Federal Aviation Administration's Simulation and Analysis Group at William J. Hughes Technical Center in Atlantic City, New Jersey. This partnership was established with the primary goal of increasing Rowan University's Computer Science undergraduate students exposure to real-world projects in software engineering and other upper-level courses, while allowing the FAA to receive quality professional software products by spending only limited resources. As a result, students acquire skills necessary to enter professional science and engineering occupations immediately after graduation. We present the major outcomes of this partnership, which include quality software products and publications in national conferences, and discuss the set up which allowed us to overcome both academia and government difficulties.
Disinfection of municipal sludge by high-energy electrons (1976)

Cu supplementation during pregnancy could not influence positively on ROM; however, it could improve some mood status of the women.
Fast frequency control of microchip lasers (2005)

We present the heterodyne of microchip Nd:YAG (and Nd:YVO/sub 4/) lasers with the phase locked loops. The first one, slow, established large thermal drift by thermoelectric element. The second one used electrooptic LiNbO/sub 3/ phase internal modulator to control fast frequency fluctuation. The both PLL's were optimised. The frequency stability was improved up to seven orders (compare to free running system) and for example offset frequency deviation was about 1 Hz at 10 s averaging time. The criteria of optimisation of optical phase loop will be presented.
Effect of Various Conditions on Accumulation of Oxytetracycline in Escherichia coli (1965)

Izaki, Kazuo (University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan), and Kei Arima. Effect of various conditions on accumulation of oxytetracycline in Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 89:1335-1339. 1965.-Accumulation of large amounts of oxytetracycline occurred in Escherichia coli when the cells were incubated with high concentrations of oxytetracycline (100 to 400 mug/ml) in nutrient broth or in a medium containing glucose, K(2)HPO(4), and MgSO(4). In the absence of glucose or MgSO(4), the accumulation was very small. The optimal pH for accumulation was about 6.5. Manganous ion could replace Mg(++) in promoting the accumulation, though with decreased effectiveness. Malate and succinate were effective promoters of accumulation as well as glucose. Accumulation was inhibited at low temperatures or in the presence of metabolic inhibitors such as 2,4-dinitrophenol or sodium azide.
PLIO: a generic tool for real-time operational predictive optimal control of water networks (2011)

This paper presents a generic tool, named PLIO, that allows to implement the real-time operational control of water networks. Control strategies are generated using predictive optimal control techniques. This tool allows the flow management in a large water supply and distribution system including reservoirs, open-flow channels for water transport, water treatment plants, pressurized water pipe networks, tanks, flow/pressure control elements and a telemetry/telecontrol system. Predictive optimal control is used to generate flow control strategies from the sources to the consumer areas to meet future demands with appropriate pressure levels, optimizing operational goals such as network safety volumes and flow control stability. PLIO allows to build the network model graphically and then to automatically generate the model equations used by the predictive optimal controller. Additionally, PLIO can work off-line (in simulation) and on-line (in real-time mode). The case study of Santiago-Chile is presented to exemplify the control results obtained using PLIO off-line (in simulation).
Abrupt climate events recorded in speleothems from the ante penultimate glacial (2022)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Millennial-scale climate variability, especially abrupt stadial-interstadial transitions, are a prominent feature of the last glacial as recorded in Greenland ice core records (Dansgaard-Oeschger events). Event abruptness and presence of statistical early warning signals before these transitions indicate that they involve repeated crossing of a tipping point of the climate system. However, only little information is available for periods before the last glacial period as Greenland ice cores and many other high-resolution records do not extent beyond the last glacial cycle. Given the lack of understanding of the triggering mechanism responsible for glacial millennial-scale variability with palaeoclimate data from the last glacial, it is essential to investigate this phenomenon during earlier glacial periods.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Here, we present a new highly resolved, precisely U-Th-dated speleothem oxygen isotope record from the Northern European Alps, a region which has been previously shown to resemble the glacial millennial-scale climate variability obtained from Greenland ice core records very well. Our new data covers the time interval from the ante-penultimate glacial to the penultimate glacial (MIS8-MIS6) with a high degree of replication. For both glacial periods, we find phases of pronounced millennial-scale variability but also several, ~10 ka long phases with the climate system being exclusively in stadial conditions. We compare our data with conceptual model results and investigate the occurrence and absence of abrupt climate transitions of the last 300,000 a.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
Creativity (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Adaptors and creators Defining problems Accessing your creative potential Creativity techniques Incubation Working in groups – creative environments Working in groups – facilitated creativity sessions How many uses for an old CD? Evaluating your ideas Putting your ideas into action How you can achieve your creative potential References Additional resources
Promise and problems associated with the use of recombinant AAV for the delivery of anti-HIV antibodies (2016)

Attempts to elicit antibodies with potent neutralizing activity against a broad range of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) isolates have so far proven unsuccessful. Long-term delivery of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with such activity is a creative alternative that circumvents the need for an immune response and has the potential for creating a long-lasting sterilizing barrier against HIV. This approach is made possible by an incredible array of potent broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) that have been identified over the last several years. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors are ideally suited for long-term delivery for a variety of reasons. The only products made from rAAV are derived from the transgenes that are put into it; as long as those products are not viewed as foreign, expression from muscle tissue may continue for decades. Thus, use of rAAV to achieve long-term delivery of anti-HIV mAbs with potent neutralizing activity against a broad range of HIV-1 isolates is emerging as a promising concept for the prevention or treatment of HIV-1 infection in humans. Experiments in mice and monkeys that have demonstrated protective efficacy against AIDS virus infection have raised hopes for the promise of this approach. However, all published experiments in monkeys have encountered unwanted immune responses to the AAV-delivered antibody, and these immune responses appear to limit the levels of delivered antibody that can be achieved. In this review, we highlight the promise of rAAV-mediated antibody delivery for the prevention or treatment of HIV infection in humans, but we also discuss the obstacles that will need to be understood and solved in order for the promise of this approach to be realized.
MAPSAT compared to other earth-sensing concepts (1982)

The instrument systems and operational capabilities of MAPSAT are discussed. The satellite is based on LANDSAT technology and includes the following concepts: global coverage on a continuous basis; open data dissemination in reasonable time and cost; variable resolution, swath-width, stereoscopic and multispectral capabilities; 1:50,000-scale image mapping with a 20-m contour interval; continuity with LANDSAT-1,-2, and -3 including the same basic data transmission and reception system; and one-dimensional data processing.
Augmented reality using full panoramic captured scene light-depth maps (2012)

Ask for a programmer and an artist what is the Holy Grail of computer graphics and you may hear completely different answers. It is part of the competence of computers to strive for reproducing reality, to mimic it bit by bit, photon by photon. It is in the core of graphics to go beyond and expand our experience of the reality with the creative input of the artist.