gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cigarette smoking may affect meiotic maturation of human oocytes (1995)

There is a strong association between cigarette smoking and reduced fecundity, reduced fertility, and early mean age of menopause, suggesting that smoking may impair oocyte function and viability. We analysed the effect of smoking on meiotic maturation of oocytes. A total of 156 women undergoing in-vitro fertilization therapy, classified as non-smokers (n = 102), passive smokers (n = 21), light smokers (< 15 cigarettes/day; n = 19), and heavy smokers (> or = 15 cigarettes/day, n = 14), participated in this study. Tubal factor infertility was more frequent in smokers, in agreement with the literature, and showed a significant dose effect (P = 0.008). Smokers had decreased numbers of retrieved oocytes compared with non-smokers, suggesting reduced fertility. Cytogenetic data from 286 oocytes apparently unfertilized showed similar proportions of haploid (normal) and aneuploid chromosome complements among groups. In contrast, oocytes with diploid complements were more frequent among smokers. Regression of individual proportions of diploid oocytes on number of cigarettes smoked per day was very significant (P = 0.0003). The increased frequency of oocyte diploidy in smokers, probably resulting from prevention of first polar body extrusion, indicates meiotic immaturity. Also, triploid zygotes occurred more frequently in smokers (P = 0.03), suggesting preferential digynic fertilization. Our study shows that external factors, like cigarette smoking, may be hazardous to the viability and function of developing oocytes and their resulting embryos.
4,7-Bis(5-(9-hexyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-d]pyridazine (2022)

Donor molecules of the D-π-A-π-D type structure are often used for applications in organic photovoltaics. In this communication, bromination of 4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-d]pyridazine followed by Suzuki cross-coupling with carbazoleboronic acid gave 4,7-bis( 5-(9-hexyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-d]pyridazine. The structure of the newly synthesized compounds was established by high resolution mass-spectrometry, 1H, 13C NMR, IR, and UV spectroscopy and mass-spectrometry. A study of the luminescent properties of the dye showed that it exhibits fluorescence in the near infrared region of the spectrum, which makes it a promising compound for use as an active emitting layer in NIR OLED as well as for other possible applications as an IR luminophore.
Analytical Tuning Method of MPC Controllers for MIMO First-Order Plus Fractional Dead Time Systems (2020)

An analytical model predictive control (MPC) tuning method for multivariable first-order plus fractional dead time systems is presented in this paper. First, the decoupling condition of the closed-loop system is derived, based on which the considered multivariable MPC tuning problem is simplified to a pole placement problem. Given such a simplification, an analytical tuning method guaranteeing the closed-loop stability as well as pre-specified time-domain performance is developed. Finally, simulation examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Double Excitations in Molecules from Ensemble Density Functionals: Theory and Approximations (2021)

Double excitations, which are dominated by a Slater-determinant with both electrons in the highest occupied molecular orbital promoted to the lowest unoccupied orbital(s), pose significant challenges for low-cost electronic structure calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). Here, we demonstrate that recent advances in ensemble DFT [{\it Phys. Rev. Lett.} {\bf 125}, 233001 (2020)], which extend concepts of ground-state DFT to excited states via a rigorous physical framework based on the ensemble fluctuation-dissipation theorem, can be used to shed light on the double excitation problem. We find that the exchange physics of double excitations is reproducible by standard DFT approximations using a linear combination formula, but correlations are more complex. In passing, to analyze correlation, we extend the random-phase approximation to ensembles. We then show, using selected test systems, that standard DFT approximations may be adapted to tackle double excitations based on theoretically motivated simple formulae that employ ensemble extensions of expressions that use the on-top pair density.
Feature sensitive multiscale editing on surfaces (2004)

A novel editing method for large triangular meshes is presented. It is based on a stable local surface classification and feature detection algorithm, the definition of a finite element matrix encoding a weighted coupling of adjacent mesh nodes, and an algebraic multigrid (AMG) algorithm. In particular, edges and corners are regarded as features on the surface. We detect features using an analysis of local zero and first surface moments, as computing these quantities is robust and noise resistant. The feature detection is encoded in a finite element matrix, passed to the AMG algorithm. The AMG algorithm generates a matrix hierarchy ranging from fine to coarse respresentations of the initial fine grid matrix. This hierarchy comes along with a corresponding multiscale of basis functions, which reflect the surface features on all hierarchy levels. We consider either these basis functions or distinct sets from an induced multiscale domain decomposition as handles for surface manipulation. Finally, we present a multiscale editor which enables boolean operations on this hierarchical domain decomposition and simple algebraic operations on the basis functions. Users can thus interactively design their favorite surface handles by simple grouping operations on the multiscale of the feature-sentitive basis functions or domains. Several applications on large meshes underline the effectiveness and flexibility of the presented tool.
Intention and Agency (2019)

The intention tends to be conceptualised as a mental state produced by a combination of belief and desire and itself causally productive of the bodily movement which is the action. An intention is a mental construct but is not conceived as being a causal antecedent of the action. On the dominant view, the beliefs and desires of the agent causally produce an intention which is expressed in, or causally produces, an action. The nature of automatism as a cause of coordinated patterns of human behaviour gives us a clue we can follow in the quest for an account of agent-involving intention. When we decide, on the basis of evidence, that a given agent acted in a way that exhibited a given intention, we comment on the way that a tract of behaviour is to be nested into an understanding of that agent's narrative.
610: PREDICTING INFECTION TYPE UPON CLINICAL SUSPICION OF HOSPITAL- ACQUIRED INFECTION (2019)

Feng, Ting1; Conroy, Bryan1; Noren, David1; Kulkarni, Chaitanya2; Ghosh, Erina1; Claire, Zhao1; Sorower, Shahed1; Mcfarlane, Daniel1 Author Information
Beyond the 5‐year milestone: Long‐term survivorship of melanoma patients treated off‐trial with anti‐PD‐1 (2023)

Little is known about the long-term outcomes of anti-PD-1 treated patients with melanoma beyond 5 years, especially for patients treated off clinical trials. This retrospective cohort study includes patients with unresectable stage III/IV nonuveal melanoma treated with anti-PD-1 off-trial at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center between 2014 and 2017 who survived at least 5 years following their first anti-PD-1 dose (N = 139). We characterized overall survival (OS), melanoma-specific survival (MSS) estimates, treatment-free survival rates, and subsequent treatment courses. Median follow-up among 5-plus year survivors (N = 125) was 78.4 months (range 60.0-96.3). OS at year 7 (2 years post 5-year landmark) was 90.1% (95% CI: 83.0%-94.3%). Fourteen deaths occurred, seven due to melanoma. MSS at year 7 (2 years post 5-year landmark) was 95.0% (95% CI: 33.5%-95.2%). In patients who completed anti-PD-1 based therapy and did not require subsequent treatment by 5 years (N = 80), the probability of not requiring additional treatment for an additional 2 years was 95.7% (95% CI: 91.0%-100%). Patients treated with anti-PD-1 regimens off clinical trials who survive at least 5 years from initial anti-PD-1 treatment can be reassured of their excellent long-term prognosis, particularly if they did not require additional melanoma treatment during the first 5 years.
Defining the Period of Recovery of the Glucose Concentration after Its Local Perturbation by the Implantation of a Miniature Sensor (2002)

At the wound caused by implanting a subcutaneous glucose sensor, the concentration of glucose differs transiently from that in the subcutaneous fluid near non-wounded skin. The period of recovery differs for different wounds and is difficult to predict. A diabetic patient implanting a subcutaneous sensor needs to know whether the transient difference subsided sufficiently for the sensor readings and the sensor's in vivo calibration to be valid. The miniature amperometric glucose sensor has a compound membrane including a layer of glucose oxidase the reaction centers of which are electrically connected to the electrode through a redox polymer; layers excluding interferents and poisons of the electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose; and a layer reducing fouling by components of the biological fluids. We show that the sensor maintains its in vitro sensitivity after its implantation for four hours in the jugular vein and in the peritoneal fluid of the rat. For a diabetic patient who implants the sensor the four-hour period is long enough for the insertion-trauma-caused local perturbation of the glucose concentration to subside and to safely rely on the readings of the implanted sensor.
Low-speed DSP assisted dispersion compensation-free IM/DD optical OFDM transmission over 100 km-SMF using time- and frequency-domain sparse-subcarrier multiplexing (2019)

Time- and frequency-domain sparse-subcarrier IM/DD optical OFDM system is proposed for dispersion-tolerant transmission. We show a BER improvement for four-subcarrier × 10 Gb/s/subcarrier OFDM, using duo-binary coding and MLSE over 100-km transmission without dispersion compensation.
Assessment with Unenhanced MRI Techniques of Renal Morphology and Hemodynamic Changes during Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease in Mice (2014)

This study suggests the potential combined usage of two noninvasive MRI methods, HRI and True-FISP, for the assessment of renal dysfunction without the potential risk associated with contrast-agents administration. HRI may also serve as a research tool in experimental settings, revealing the hemodynamic changes associated with kidney dysfunction.
The Circular Dichroism of Tyrosyl and Tryptophanyl Diketopiperazines (1968)

Abstract The circular dichroic absorption spectra of the phenol and indole chromophores have been determined in the near ultraviolet in water, dioxane, and dimethyl sulfoxide with the diketopiperazines of tyrosine and tryptophan. The molecular ellipticities are several times as large as those of the equivalent linear dipeptide forms. The enhancement in optical activity appears to reside in the rigid conformation of the aromatic diketopiperazines.
Rapid and Sensitive Quantification of Borrelia burgdorferi -Infected Mouse Tissues by Continuous Fluorescent Monitoring of PCR (1999)

The quantity of Borrelia burgdorferi organisms in tissue samples is an important determinant for infection studies in the mouse model of Lyme disease. This report presents the development of a rapid and sensitive external-standard-based PCR assay for the absolute quantification of B. burgdorferi in mouse tissue samples. The assay uses a double-stranded DNA dye to continuously monitor product formation and in less than an hour was able to quantify samples ranging up to 6 log units in concentration. The PCR efficiencies of the sample and the standard were matched by using a standard composed of purified B. burgdorferi chromosome mixed with tissue-matched mouse genome lacking bacterial DNA. Normalization of B. burgdorferi quantities to the mouse nidogen gene allowed comparison of B. burgdorferi numbers in samples isolated from different tissues and strains. PCR analysis of the chromosomal gene recA in cultured B. burgdorferi was consistent with a single recA per bacterium. The parameters defined in this assay should be applicable to quantification of other organisms, even infectious agents for which no ready source of DNA standard is available. In summary, this report presents a rapid external-standard-based PCR method for the quantification of B. burgdorferi in mouse DNA samples.
Supplementary Table 1 from Metabolomics of Prostate Cancer Gleason Score in Tumor Tissue and Serum (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Full results of 10-fold cross-validation performance assessment for all ML models and prediction tasks (mean +/- SD).&lt;/p&gt;
A Comparison of Surface and Internally Measured Myoelectric Signals for use in Prosthetic Control (2005)

The surface myoelectric signal (MES) has proven to be an effective control input for powered prostheses. Pattern recognition based controllers use multi-channel surface MES as inputs to discriminate between the desired classes of limb activation. There are two major methods which may be pursued to increase the accuracy of the controller: 1) use signal processing to extract more information from the input signals; or 2) provide more informative raw signals to the controller. As a result of recent technological advances, it is reasonable to assume that there will soon be implantable myoelectric sensors which will enable the internal MES to be used as inputs to controllers [1]. An internal MES measurement should have less muscular crosstalk allowing for more independent control sites. However, it remains unclear if this benefit outweighs the loss of the more global information contained in the surface MES. This study compares the classification accuracy of several pattern based myoelectric controllers which use information extracted from surface MES to the same controllers which use information extracted from fine-wire intramuscular MES.
Development of an Angle Calibration System with a Combined Silicon Polygon and Angle Interferometer (2006)

We developed a new angle calibration system combining a pure silicon crystal in a natural state and an angle interferometer with a wide span of rotation. The uncertainty in the angle of the six-faced silicon polygon is approximately 10-8 rad (0.004''), and the angle resolution of the angle interferometer is 0.005''. We evaluated the performance of the angle calibration system and summarized its budget of uncertainty. The uncertainty of the system was estimated to be ±0.07'' (k=2). To demonstrate the new calibration system, we used it to measure the angle error of an index table, and we compared the results with existing calibration methods.
Scaled, Novel Effective Workfunction Metal Gate Stacks for Advanced Low-V<sub>T</sub>, Gate-All-Around Vertically Stacked Nanosheet FETs with Reduced Vertical Distance between Sheets (2019)

2019 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials ,Scaled, Novel Effective Workfunction Metal Gate Stacks for Advanced Low-V<sub>T</sub>, Gate-All-Around Vertically Stacked Nanosheet FETs with Reduced Vertical Distance between Sheets
Multi-input Serial Adders for FPGA-like Computational Fabric (2022)

In this paper, we present a new functional unit to replace the LUT in an FPGA-like computational fabric designed specifically for use to accelerate instance-specific sparse integer matrix multiplication. We use a suite of matrices, the VPR place-and-route tool, and modern architecture representations of the interconnect to examine this architectural idea. The new cell, called the K--ADD, increases density by 2.5x to 4x, and increases performance by 8% to 30% by simultaneously increasing the clock rate and reducing the number of cycles to compute the product. This benefit magnifies the two-orders-of-magnitude advantage of using instance-specific matrix multipliers demonstrated in prior work. We investigate the cluster size, N, across multiple technology nodes. In that investigation, we see a sustained benefit to a larger cluster size (N=8). This observation holds for both netlists mapped to a 6--LUT and to a 6--ADD, which implies this behavior has more to do with the peculiar structure of these matrix multiplication netlists, not the different functional unit.
Internal photoemission in the anodic oxide/GaAs interface (1981)

The barrier height at the anodic oxide/GaAs interface has been determined by internal photoemission of the metal-oxide-semiconductor structures. The height of the potential barrier between the oxide and GaAs is found to be 2.62±0.05 eV for as-grown and 2.39±0.05 eV for hydrogen-annealed specimens. Quantum yield below the photoemission threshold is interpreted in terms of electron emission from interface states at energies above midgap of GaAs.
Aggregating the Gaussian Experts' Predictions via Undirected Graphical Models (2022)

Distributed Gaussian process (DGP) is a popular approach to scale Gaussian processes to big data which divides the training data into some subsets, performs local inference for each partition, and aggregates the results to acquire global prediction. To combine the local predictions, the conditional independence assumption is used which basically means there is a perfect diversity between the subsets. Although it keeps the aggregation tractable, it is often violated in practice and generally yields poor results. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for aggregating the Gaussian experts&#x0027; predictions by Gaussian graphical model (GGM) where the target aggregation is defined as an unobserved latent variable and the local predictions are the observed variables. We first estimate the joint distribution of la-tent and observed variables using the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm. The interaction between experts can be en-coded by the precision matrix of the joint distribution and the aggregated predictions are obtained based on the property of conditional Gaussian distribution. Using both synthetic and real datasets, our experimental evaluations illustrate that our new method outperforms other state-of-the-art DGP approaches.
Self Aligned Cell: Scaling Up Manufacture of a Cost Effective Cell Architecture for Multicrystalline Silicon Photovoltaics (2010)

Two areas of technology for fabrication of higher efficiency Si-wafer solar cells were addressed: (1) the formation of structured texturing that is an improvement over the industry-standard isotexture process for multicrystalline wafers. (2) the formation of fine line (<50 micron) metallization seed layers in a self-aligned manner where the fingers can be automatically and perfectly lined up to a selective emitter and where expensive silver screen printing paste can be mostly replaced by plating up the seed layers with silver or copper. The benefits are: a) Lower reflectivity , b) Decoupling the performance of the texture from the saw damage, thus allowing for better advances in sawing and a more robust wet process. 1366 Technologies developed 2 pilot machines for 1) deposition and patterning of low-cost resist layers to enable simultaneous Honeycomb front texturing and groove formation for multicrystalline Si wafers, and 2) fine-line dispensing of materials that are self aligned to the grooves.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Extracellular-matrix tethering regulates stem-cell fate. (2012)

To investigate how substrate properties influence stem-cell fate, we cultured single human epidermal stem cells on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel surfaces, 0.1 kPa-2.3 MPa in stiffness, with a covalently attached collagen coating. Cell spreading and differentiation were unaffected by polydimethylsiloxane stiffness. However, cells on polyacrylamide of low elastic modulus (0.5 kPa) could not form stable focal adhesions and differentiated as a result of decreased activation of the extracellular-signal-related kinase (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway. The differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells was also unaffected by PDMS stiffness but regulated by the elastic modulus of PAAm. Dextran penetration measurements indicated that polyacrylamide substrates of low elastic modulus were more porous than stiff substrates, suggesting that the collagen anchoring points would be further apart. We then changed collagen crosslink concentration and used hydrogel-nanoparticle substrates to vary anchoring distance at constant substrate stiffness. Lower collagen anchoring density resulted in increased differentiation. We conclude that stem cells exert a mechanical force on collagen fibres and gauge the feedback to make cell-fate decisions. PMID: 22635042 Funding information This work was supported by: Cancer Research UK, United Kingdom Medical Research Council, United Kingdom Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom Grant ID: 079249
Gating Modulation of the Tumor‐Related Kv10.1 Channel by Mibefradil (2016)

Several reports credit mibefradil with tumor suppressing properties arising from its known inhibition of Ca<sup>2+</sup> currents. Given that mibefradil (Mb) is also known to inhibit K<sup>+</sup> channels, we decided to study the interaction between this organic compound and the tumor-related Kv10.1 channel. Here we report that Mb modulates the gating of Kv10.1. Mb induces an apparent inactivation from both open and early closed states where the channels dwell at hyperpolarized potentials. Additionally, Mb accelerates the kinetics of current activation, in a manner that depends on initial conditions. Our observations suggest that Mb binds to the voltage sensor domain of Kv10.1 channels, thereby modifying the gating of the channels in a way that in some, but not all, aspects opposes to the gating effects exerted by divalent cations. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 2019-2032, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Distributions of Functional Groups in Plasma Polymerized Allylamine Films by Scanning Force Microscopy Using Functionalized Probe Tips (2000)

Thin films of poly(allylamine) on silicon were prepared by polymerization of allylamine in a pulsed glow-discharge plasma reactor. The films were characterized by surface plasmon spectroscopy (SPS) and waveguide mode spectroscopy (WaMS), as well as by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and FT-IR spectroscopy. It was shown that by variation of the duty cycle the film thickness as well as the content of amino and nitrile groups could be controlled. Scanning force microscopy (SFM) measurements with chemically functionalized tips led to a qualitative correlation of adhesion forces with the content of amino groups. Laterally resolved adhesion force measurements indicated the presence of a heterogeneous local environment of the amino groups, with patches exhibiting differences in hydrophobicity on a sub-50-nm scale.
Efficacy and tolerability of anti‐immunoglobulin E therapy with omalizumab in patients with concomitant allergic asthma and persistent allergic rhinitis: SOLAR (2004)

Omalizumab is well tolerated and effective in preventing asthma exacerbations and improving quality of life in patients with concomitant asthma and persistent allergic rhinitis.