gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation and reactions of some trifluorovinyl carbinols containing perhalomethyl groups (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and reactions of some trifluorovinyl carbinols containing perhalomethyl groupsPaul Tarrant, Richard H. Summerville, and Ralph W. Whitfield Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1970, 35, 8, 2742–2745Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00833a058https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00833a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views42Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Linezolid Bladder Irrigation as Adjunctive Treatment for a Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (2014)

Linezolid use as a bladder irrigation may be a feasible route of administration in anuric, critically ill patients with VREfm and few antimicrobial options. Further studies are warranted.
Downhole Choke Applications and Performance Impact: A Tupper Field Montney Evaluation (2014)

Abstract Murphy Montney has been implementing downhole chokes in a variety of successful applications that have resulted in both significantly improved well performance and facility equipment/chemical cost savings. The specific applications piloted have included: Rate Restriction Mitigating Sand Plugging Surface Hydrate Elimination Liquid Unloading The observed reservoir performance improvement and mitigation of downhole sand plugging is the result of minimizing the net pressure condition created within the induced fracture network. Restricted well drawdown minimizes the physical loss of the induced stimulation, loss which leads to the downhole plugging situation. In addition, Montney pressure dependent reservoir responses have demonstrated stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) flow capacity and fracture conductivity improvement/maintenance under higher flowing sandface pressure conditions, significantly enhancing the minimum-contacted-gas-in-place (CGIPmin). A conceptual reservoir model whereby early pressure maintenance and long-term pressure management is required to maximize the EUR and long-term production has been developed. Downhole chokes are being used in lieu of surface line heaters and methanol injection in the mitigation of surface hydrate formation. By moving the point of pressure and temperature reduction downhole, the Joule-Thompson cooling response across the choke is geothermally regulated. Success has also been observed in liquid unloading applications. Downhole choking can create a choked flow rate Venturi effect, which by definition is based upon a critical upstream to downstream pressure ratio, a function of the gas specific heat relationship. Choked flow accelerates gas to a sonic velocity across the flow restriction, imparting a sufficient velocity head upon an upstream fluid level to carry a water droplet to surface. The acceleration of fluid droplets across the downhole choke is equivalent to an infinite lowering of the liquid loading rate, limited only by the maintenance of the choked flow condition created across the downhole choke. The downhole choke permits for a controlled and self-regulated drawdown, creating both improved reservoir performance and well operations. Mitigating surface hydrate formation and frac sand flowback has resulted in significant cost savings. A novel application specific to over-pressured reservoirs is the use of downhole chokes in liquid unloading applications, maintaining high flowing sandface pressure conditions while unloading liquid.
Three- and Four-Dimensional Heteronuclear Magnetic Resonance (2009)

The basic concepts of 3-D and 4-D heteronuclear spectroscopy are presented and the application of these methods to resonance assignment and structure determination is discussed.
Is There Bacteremia after Suprapubic Aspiration in Children with Urinary Tract Infection? (1978)

Abstract. Railway control systems are timed and safety-critical. Testing\nthese systems is a key issue. Prior to system testing, the software of\na railway control system is tested separately from the hardware. Here we\nshow that real time and scaled time semantics are inefficient for testing\nthis software. We provide a time semantics with simulated time and show\nthat this semantics is more suitable for testing of software of railway\ncontrol systems.\nTTCN-3 is a standardized language for specifying and executing test\nsuites. It supports real time and scaled time but not simulated time.\nWe provide a solution that allows simulated time testing with TTCN-3.\nOur solution is based on Dijkstra’s distributed termination detection algorithm.\nThe solution is implemented and can be reused for simulated\ntime testing of other systems with similar characteristics.
Fluorescent reporters for functional analysis in rice leaves (2020)

Fluorescent reporters have facilitated non-invasive imaging in multiple plant species and thus allowed the analysis of processes ranging from gene expression and protein localization to cellular patterning. However, in rice, a globally important crop and model species, there are relatively few reports of fluorescent proteins being used in leaves. Fluorescence imaging is particularly difficult in the rice leaf blade, likely due to a high degree of light scattering in this tissue. To address this, we investigated approaches to improve deep imaging in mature rice leaf blades. We found that ClearSee treatment, which has previously been used to visualize fluorescent reporters in whole tissues of plants, led to improved imaging in rice. Removing epidermal and subtending mesophyll cell layers was faster than ClearSee and also reduced light scattering such that imaging of fluorescent proteins in deeper leaf layers was possible. To expand the range of fluorescent proteins suitable for imaging in rice, we screened twelve whose spectral profiles spanned most of the visible spectrum. This identified five proteins (mTurquoise2, mNeonGreen, mClover3, mKOκ, and tdTomato) that are robustly expressed and detectable in mesophyll cells of stably transformed plants. Using microparticle bombardment, we show that mTurquoise2 and mNeonGreen can be used for simultaneous multicolor imaging of different subcellular compartments. Overall, we conclude that mTurquoise2, mNeonGreen, mClover3, mKOκ, and tdTomato are suitable for high-resolution live imaging of rice leaves, both after transient and stable transformation. Along with the rapid microparticle bombardment method, which allows transient transformation of major cell types in the leaf blade, these fluorescent reporters should greatly facilitate the analysis of gene expression and cell biology in rice.
Strategies for Improving and Evaluating Robot Registration Performance (2017)

In a dynamic robotic workcell environment where robots may be frequently relocated or may need to collaborate with other robots, it is simpler and more robust to program robots in an external or unifying reference frame. The process of robot registration involves finding the location of a robot with respect to another reference frame. For instance, if parts are in known locations on a table and a robot can locate itself with respect to the table (an external reference frame), then the robot will also know the location of the parts. Furthermore, if two or more robots can locate themselves with respect to the table, then each robot will not only know the location of the parts, but also the location of every other robot. This knowledge facilitates the coordination of robot motions and robot collaboration and eases the integration of additional robots into the workcell. Since robot registration is critically necessary and occurs frequently, its process needs to be inexpensive, fast, and accurate. This paper details the requirements for a relatively inexpensive and fast robot registration experience, along with detailing strategies that incur significant improvements to registered robot positioning accuracy with minimal overhead. A quantitative verification process is presented to evaluate the performance impacts of these strategies. Peg-in-hole experiments are conducted to validate the notion that more accurate robot registration translates to more reliable task-level performance.
An optimal design method for magnetic resonance imaging gradient waveforms (1993)

A method of using nonlinear constrained optimization to design gradient waveforms for magnetic resonance imaging is described. Formulation and solution of the waveform optimization problem are described and example waveforms are presented for a variety of design objectives and constraint sets. Most design objectives can be expressed as linear or quadratic functions of the discrete parameter set, and most constraint functions are linear. Thus, linear and quadratic programming techniques can be utilized to solve the optimization problem. Among the objectives considered are: minimize RMS current; minimize waveform slewing; minimize waveform moments to reduce motion induced dephasing; minimize echo time (TE) for given imaging and motion refocusing conditions; maximize the gradient amplitude during RF application and sampling and the area of the phase encoding waveform to maximize resolution; and minimize or maximize the gradient b factor or diffusion sensitivity. This optimal design procedure produces physically realizable waveforms which optimally achieve specific imaging and motion artifact reduction goals, and it is likely to reduce waveform design time by making it more scientifically (rather than heuristically) based.
Presence of serum tripartite motif‐containing 21 antibodies in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (2006)

SEREX has been applied to esophageal SCC, and the TRIM21 gene was identified as a novel SEREX antigen of esophageal SCC. The presence of s-TRIM21-Abs was confirmed by Western blotting using bacterially expressed TRIM21 gene product and was evaluated for clinicopathological significance in patients with esophageal SCC. s-TRIM21-Abs were detected in 18 (20%) of 91 patients with esophageal SCC but not in 42 healthy donors. The presence of s-TRIM21-Abs was partly associated with tumor size (P = 0.063) and poor survival (P = 0.067). To measure serum antibody levels, ELISA using purified recombinant TRIM21 protein was developed. The levels of s-TRIM21-Abs were significantly higher in patients with esophageal SCC than in healthy donors (P = 0.013). s-TRIM21-Abs may be a useful tumor marker to diagnose and predict disease progression in patients with esophageal SCC.
A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a nonlinear observer with linearizable error dynamics (2003)

We provide a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of nonlinear observer with linearizable error dynamics. The result is applicable to any real analytic observable nonlinear system. The necessary and sufficient condition is the solvability of a first-order nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE). The solution yields a change of state coordinates which linearizes the error dynamics. Under very general conditions, the existence and uniqueness of the solution is proved. Siegel's theorem is obtained as a corollary. The technique is constructive and yields a method for constructing approximate solutions.
Mobile-platform for automatic fever screening system based on infrared forehead temperature (2017)

In this paper, automatic fever screening system is proposed and experimentally implemented using an IR camera and a mobile phone. Our system locates position of patients automatically using face detection algorithm on RGB image and obtains temperature from IR image at detected location. Advantages are fast, portable, non-contacting and simultaneously temperature measurement. Furthermore, face detection algorithm allows the system to track patient's face position. Hence, robust and non-contacting temperature measurement can be properly done even patients are not stand still. Our system has been field-tested to measure temperature and screen ill patients at a children medical clinic. In this experiment, the system is calibrated to measure temperature of patients at 1 meter away and gives an alarm sound when the measured temperature is above the desired setting threshold. According to experimental results, the correlation coefficient between temperature obtained from our system and commercial infrared forehead skin thermometer [2] is more than 0.80. In addition, our system achieves a 100% sensitivity and 70% specificity. Although our approach loses specificity, all fever patients are identified correctly. Thus, they are significantly correlated. Therefore, this system can reliably estimate body temperature of patients and can be used for effectively pre-screening fever patients.
Polymer drying. VIII. Molecular interpretations of desorption from polystyrene–liquid systems (1993)

Abstract The results obtained in time studies that monitored evaporation from liquid‐saturated poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene) to virtual dryness at temperatures ranging from 20 to 80°C confirm those reported earlier for multireplicated time studies at 23 ± 1°C; i.e., when the residual composition (α t , in sorbed molecules per phenyl group) attains the glassy state composition, the value of α t thereafter is given by a linear combination of no more than six exponential decay functions. The logarithms of the rate constants ( k i ) for decay of these populations at a given temperature decreased linearly with i , the population identification number in the order of decreasing decay rate. The Arrhenius activation energy (Δ E i ) for increase in k i with temperature was characteristic of the sorbed species, but it was independent of i . The logarithms of the frequency factors ( A i ) decreased linearly with i , the slope of which was numerically equal to that observed for the corresponding k i relationships, signifying that the stepwise decrease of the latter at a given temperature is attributable primarily to a corresponding incremental decrease in entropy. It is suggested that this reflects discrete changes in the molecular structure of polymeric inclusion complexes formed during the transition from the rubbery to the glassy state, as discussed in the text. © 1993 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Pancreatic Endocrine–Exocrine Relationship (2023)

Vertebrate pancreas has evolved from a simple endocrine cell cluster of Agnathonae to the mammalian pancreas that possesses endocrine and exocrine tissues. As the digestion/absorption of nutrients and regulation of blood glucose levels are tightly connected, the coexistence of the two tissues in one organ and the mutual regulation of their function would be a purposeful change during evolution. In this chapter, the recent advance in our understanding of the endocrine–exocrine relationship is reviewed. During the embryonic stages, exocrine-driven TFF2 regulates endocrine development by preventing the apoptosis of embryonic insulin-producing cells and Nkx6.1 + endocrine precursors in mice. In the mature organ, insulin stimulates whereas somatostatin inhibits digestive enzyme secretion. Regulation of exocrine function by islets had been explained by the blood flow that outflow from the islet is drained into the acini through the microvascular network. Recently, microvascular blood flow was shown to be bidirectional between islet and acini, thus communication between these tissues should be interactive. In fact, clinical evidence supports the bidirectional interaction in human pancreas, which includes exocrine dysfunction in diabetic patients and glucose intolerance in the patients with chronic pancreatitis. More recently shown, MODY8 is caused by the accumulation of acinar-driven mutant protein in β-cells that impairs β-cell function and proliferation. A recent advance in islet biology is that endocrine cells communicate with each other via paracrine signals within the islet. Notably, not only the islet major hormones but also several proteins such as GLP-1, Ach, 5-HT, and UCN3 are involved in the intra-islet signal transmission that orchestrates hormonal outputs from the islet. Intra-islet paracrine signals also play important roles in maintaining the identity of islet cells in mice; insulin pathway and δ-cell-driven hedgehog signaling ensures α-cell fate maintenance. Future study is warranted on whether similar intra-islet cross-talk functions to maintain cellular identity in human islets.
A New Biodegradable Stent for the Pancreaticojejunal Anastomosis After Pancreaticoduodenal Resection: In Vitro Examination and Pilot Experiences in Humans (2000)

We sought to develop a biodegradable pancreatic stent that could be easily placed at operation into the human pancreatic duct and the degradation of which could be easily followed up. Spiral-shaped, gamma-sterilized stents were manufactured of 0.4-mm polylactide wire in which there was added 23 weight-% barium sulfate. The biodegradability of the stents was studied in vitro at two different pH values, the first resembling that of pancreatic juice and the other that of bile. The effects of enzymoactivity in the test solution and the composition of the stents (with or without barium addition) also were tested. These kinds of stents have been experimented with in two pilot patients. Degradation of the stents occurred from 24 to 52 weeks of incubation. Alkaline milieu together with the presence of pancreatic enzyme made the stents degrade twice as fast as when either alkaline milieu or enzyme was present. In the milieu resembling pancreatic juice, barium sulfate had no effect on the degradation time. Neither of the pilot patients had any postoperative complications. Biodegradable, x-ray-positive stents degrade faster in pancreatic than in biliary milieu. Their safety and efficacy in human pancreaticojejunal anastomoses need further study.
The relationship between antifungal usage and antifungal susceptibility in clinical isolates ofCandida: a multicenter Korean study (2008)

There have been very few multicenter studies of the relationship between the use of antifungals and resistance to them. We investigated the antifungal susceptibility of 1,301 clinical isolates of Candida collected from nine Korean hospitals during a 3-month period in 2006 to explore the existence of this type of relationship. Antifungal usage in the preceding year, defined as the daily dose per 1,000 patient days (DDD/1,000 PD), was calculated for each hospital. Resistance to fluconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin B was detected in 2, 9, and 0.2% of the isolates, respectively. The MIC(50)/MIC(90) values were 0.03/0.125 mg/L for voriconazole, 0.06/0.25 mg/l for caspofungin, and 0.03/0.125 mg/l for micafungin. The total usage of systemic antifungals varied considerably among the nine hospitals, ranging from 6.1 to 96.2 DDD/1,000 PD. No relationship was found between the use of fluconazole (MIC> or =64 mg/l) or itraconazole (MIC> or =1 mg/l) and resistance in the Candida species (P>0.05). However, significant correlations were found between the percentage of Candida isolates that were non-susceptible to fluconazole (MIC> or =16 mg/l) and fluconazole usage (r=0.733, P=0.025) or total antifungal usage (r=0.767, P=0.016).
Dimension Reduction of Virtual Coordinate Systems in Wireless Sensor Networks (2010)

Virtual Coordinate System (VCS) based routing schemes for sensor networks characterize each node by a coordinate vector of size M, consisting of distances to each of a set of M anchors. Higher the number of anchors, the higher the coordinate generation cost as well as the communication cost. Identifying an effective set of anchors and encapsulating original VCS's information in a lower dimensional VCS will enhance the energy efficiency. Two main contributions toward this goal are presented. First is a method for evaluating the amount of novel information contained in an ordinate, i.e., in an anchor, on the coordinate space created by the rest of the anchors. This method can be used to identify unnecessary or inefficient anchors as well as good anchor locations, and thus help lower overhead and power consumption in routing. Second, a method for reducing the VCS dimensionality is presented. This Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) based method preserves the routability achieved in original coordinate space but with lower dimensions. Centralized and online realizations of the proposed algorithm are explained. Examples of different topologies with 40 anchors used in performance analysis show that coordinate length can be reduced on average by a factor of 8 without degrading the routability. Use of novelty filtering to select effective anchors prior to SVD based compression results in further improvement in routability.
Genome-wide association study of platelet factor 4/heparin antibodies in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (2022)

Heparin, a widely used anticoagulant, carries the risk of an antibody-mediated adverse drug reaction, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). A subset of heparin-treated patients produces detectable levels of antibodies against complexes of heparin bound to circulating platelet factor 4 (PF4). Using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach, we aimed to identify genetic variants associated with anti-PF4/heparin antibodies that account for the variable antibody response seen in HIT. We performed a GWAS on anti-PF4/heparin antibody levels determined via polyclonal enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Our discovery cohort (n = 4237) and replication cohort (n = 807) constituted patients with European ancestry and clinical suspicion of HIT, with cases confirmed via functional assay. Genome-wide significance was considered at α = 5 × 10-8. No variants were significantly associated with anti-PF4/heparin antibody levels in the discovery cohort at a genome-wide significant level. Secondary GWAS analyses included the identification of variants with suggestive associations in the discovery cohort (α = 1 × 10-4). The top variant in both cohorts was rs1555175145 (discovery β = -0.112 [0.018], P = 2.50 × 10-5; replication β = -0.104 [0.051], P = .041). In gene set enrichment analysis, 3 gene sets reached false discovery rate-adjusted significance (q < 0.05) in both discovery and replication cohorts: "Leukocyte Transendothelial Migration," "Innate Immune Response," and "Lyase Activity." Our results indicate that genomic variation is not significantly associated with anti-PF4/heparin antibody levels. Given our power to identify variants with moderate frequencies and effect sizes, this evidence suggests genetic variation is not a primary driver of variable antibody response in heparin-treated patients with European ancestry.