gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Organic Anions. Part 178. Cocatalysis in Phase‐Transfer Catalyzed β‐Elimination Reactions. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Coagulation Performance and Floc Properties of Polymeric Ferric Aluminum Chloride - Polydimethyl Diallylammonium Chloride Coagulant during Surface Water Treatment (2011)

In this paper, new composite coagulants, polymeric ferric aluminum-polydimethyl diallylammonium chloride, were synthesized by combing Polymeric ferric aluminum chloride (PFAC) with polydimethyl diallylammonium chloride (PDMDAAC) under different molecular weight ratio (Aluminum to PDMDAAC, Wr=10, 4, 2 and 1). Furthermore, flocculating mechanisms and performance of these new composite coagulants were investigated in treating surface water. The growth of flocs during coagulation using composite coagulants were measured under optimal dosage and neutral conditions. The results indicated that the new composite coagulants exhibited better coagulation performance than PFAC for removing turbidity and dissolved organic matter. For the composite coagulants, the predominant coagulation mechanisms were bridge formation and charge neutralization.
Young and Heavy Patients with a Cementless TKA Do As Well As Older and Lightweight Patients (2007)

Level III, therapeutic study. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computational Geometry (10th) Held at Stony Brook, New York on 6-8 June, 1994. (1995)

Abstract : This proceedings contains the 42 contributed papers which were selected from a total of 113 submitted extended abstracts. The program committee met in Arlington, Virginia, on January 21-22,1994. The selection was based on the quality and originality of the results and their relevance to computational geometry. The papers generally represent preliminary reports of ongoing research and it is expected that most of them will eventually appear in more polished form in refereed journals.
Applications of Nonlinear Observers and Control:  Improving Productivity and Control of Free Radical Solution Copolymerization (1999)

A nonlinear state observer that uses the rate of heat generation due to chemical reaction for the real-time evaluation of key parameters during free radical solution copolymerization is presented. These parameters include the cumulative and instantaneous copolymer compositions, the overall and individual monomer conversions, and the overall termination rate constant associated with the reaction. The information thus obtained is used to control the cumulative copolymer composition and to maintain the productivity of a semibatch reactor for the solution copolymerization of butyl acrylate (BuA) and vinyl acetate (VAc) in ethyl acetate (EAc) at its highest possible level. Both the state and parameter estimation of this observer were then used for the nonlinear control of copolymer composition and optimal reactor productivity.
First demonstration of active plasmonic device in true data traffic conditions: ON/OFF thermo-optic modulation using a hybrid silicon-plasmonic asymmetric MZI (2012)

We demonstrate the first system-level evaluation of an active plasmonic device in 10Gb/s data traffic conditions. Thermo-optic ON/OFF modulation with 3μs response time and 10mW power consumption is presented using an asymmetric MZI silicon-plasmonic gate.
The invention of invention (2005)

This paper models an industrial revolution as a qualitative transition from a world where innovation is infrequent and haphazard to one where it is continuous and systematic. Pre-industrial innovation is treated as a social process where an individual's effectiveness as an innovator depends on the skills of other individuals in his social network. As technology improves, individuals invest more time in learning through social contact. This gradual increase in linkage formation leads to a sudden change in the size of knowledge networks from small, isolated clusters, to a large connected cluster spanning most of the economy, causing a sudden increase in the effectiveness of innovation: an industrial revolution. The predicted sequence of typical innovators - from gifted amateurs, to lucky amateurs, to professionals - is consistent with empirical evidence.
Nonlinear effects of phase blurring on Fourier transform holograms (2000)

Liquid-crystal light valves can have intensity-dependent resolution. We find for a nematic liquid-crystal light valve that this effect is well modeled as a phase that has been blurred by a linear space-invariant filter. The phase point-spread function is measured and is used in simulations to demonstrate that it introduces intermodulation products to the diffraction patterns of computer-generated Fourier transform holograms. Also, the influence of phase blurring on a pseudorandom-encoding algorithm is evaluated in closed form. This analysis applied to a spot array generator design indicates that nonlinear effects are negligible only if the diameter of the point-spread function is a small fraction of the pixel spacing.
Time multiplexing and parallelization in multifocal multiphoton microscopy (2000)

We investigate the imaging properties of high-aperture multifocal multiphoton microscopy on the basis of diffraction theory. Particular emphasis is placed on the relationship between the sectioning property and the distance between individual foci. Our results establish a relationship between the degree of parallelization and the axial resolution for both two- and three-photon excitation. In addition, we show quantitatively that if a matrix of temporal delays is inserted between the individual foci, it is, for the first time to our knowledge, possible to solve the classical conflict between the light budget and the sectioning property in three-dimensional microscopy and to provide a virtually unlimited density of foci at best axial resolution.
Model-based estimation of the stress-strain curve of metal strips (2019)

The identification of the stress-strain curve of metal strips is a common task in the metals industry. As an alternative to commonly used tensile test machines, an inexpensive, model-based optical measurement method is presented. Particular importance was placed on the cost and usability of the method. The indirect approach computes the stress-strain curve based on a measured strip bending line. For the measurement, a metal strip is bent over a solid roll. A defined weight can be mounted at the end of the strip to control the local bending moment in the strip. The bending line of the strip is optically measured by a camera. The identification is carried out based on an optimization problem, where the quadratic error between the measured and the modelled strip bending line is minimized. Experimental results and measurements from a tensile test machine show a good agreement and thus verify the proposed identification method.
Text detection in personal image collections (2011)

We present a novel text detection technique for the application of image annotation in databases of consumer pictures and videos. Images are annotated using information only from the picture itself, as a regular consumer would do. We present results using the challenging public ICDAR2003 dataset and show that our algorithm is competitive with respect to state-of-the-art.
Simulator for Application of Shear Wave Velocity Measurement System to Arbitrary Tissue Elasticity Distribution (2011)

Local shear wave velocity measurements are effective to obtain tissue elasticity map. We have proposed novel wave number spectrum based shear wave velocity measurement system. However, the accuracy and resolution of this technique should be optimized and sophisticated in future clinical application for breast cancer diagnosis. We propose a simulator of RF signal in shear wave velocity measurement system which can consider arbitrary shear wave propagation. We demonstrate the usefulness of this simulator by experimental result. Moreover, accuracy and resolution of small object is discussed for breast cancer application.
Slant correction for handwritten English documents (2004)

Optical character recognition of machine-printed documents is an effective means for extracting textural material. While the level of effectiveness for handwritten documents is much poorer, progress is being made in more constrained applications such as personal checks and postal addresses. In these applications a series of steps is performed for recognition beginning with removal of skew and slant. Slant is a characteristic unique to the writer and varies from writer to writer in which characters are tilted some amount from vertical. The second attribute is the skew that arises from the inability of the writer to write on a horizontal line. Several methods have been proposed and discussed for average slant estimation and correction in the earlier papers. However, analysis of many handwritten documents reveals that slant is a local property and slant varies even within a word. The use of an average slant for the entire word often results in overestimation or underestimation of the local slant. This paper describes three methods for local slant estimation, namely the simple iterative method, high-speed iterative method, and the 8-directional chain code method. The experimental results show that the proposed methods can estimate and correct local slant more effectively than the average slant correction.
Ipsilateral hyperperfusion after neck clipping of a giant internal carotid artery aneurysm (2002)

A 48-year-old woman exhibited hyperperfusion soon after undergoing a successful clip operation involving multiple clip placement for a giant internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysm. Intraarterial digital subtraction angiography demonstrated a left paraclinoid giant aneurysm. Multiple clips were placed to obliterate the aneurysm during a 7-minute temporary ICA occlusion. Intraoperative Doppler ultrasound flowmetry showed that the blood flow through the ICA distal to the aneurysm increased from 71.6 ml/minute before clipping to 123.3 ml/minute after. The patient exhibited right hemiparesis and motor aphasia after the operation. Postoperative imaging studies revealed an increase in perfusion and diffuse edema in the left cerebral cortex. The symptoms and diffuse brain edema gradually resolved. In this case, increase in blood flow through the ICA distal to the aneurysm may have played an important role in the circulatory disturbance.
Preparation of spray dried low heat powder from mare's milk. Evolution on storage (1995)

A high quality milk powder was obtained by spray drying after concentration of mare's milk by vacuum evaporation. ':'ew alterations of milk constituents were noted. Physical characteristics were high: solubility index> 99.5%; dispersibility index> 97.0%; wettability index < 5 s. Bacterial count at 30C was as low as 400 cfu/g. Despite the high hygroscopicity, these properties were not altered during a 3-month storage at ambient temperature. mare's milk / low heat powder / storage Rsum -Prparation de poudre de lait de jument et qualit de conservation.
Consumer electronics: Projection television: Correcting distortions (1981)

Adjustments must be made for trapezoidal and nonlinearity distortions, as well as for convergence of displays from three separate color tubes.
Range-dependent beamforming using element level waveform diversity (2006)

This paper presents a novel concept for focusing an antenna beam pattern as a function of range. In conventional phased arrays, beam steering is achieved by applying a linear phase progression across the aperture. Without this phase progression, the antenna beam points to broadside. However, a linear phase progression causes the electric field from each element to constructively sum in the far-field in a direction off broadside, resulting in an electronic scan. For a given linear phase progression, this scan remains fixed for all ranges in the far field. This paper shows that by applying an additional linear frequency shift across the elements, a new term is generated which results in a scan angle that varies with range in the far-field.
Asymmetric Bimanual Control of Dual-arm Serial Manipulator for Robot-assisted Minimally Invasive Surgeries (2020)

Robotic assistance is promising for improving minimally invasive surgery (MIS). This work presents asymmetric bimanual control of a dual-arm serial robot with two remote centers of motion (RCMs) constraints for MIS. In our previous works, general null space controllers to guarantee the fixed RCM constraint have been proposed. However, an incision on a patient's abdominal wall is not fixed owing to the respiration of the patient, which generates an uncertain disturbance at the joints of robotic manipulators. To improve accuracy, a radial basis function neural network is implemented to adapt to these disturbances and control the end-effector position. Finally, the adaptive bimanual control strategy is validated through simulations based on clinical data. The proposed control shows improved accuracy in the end effector position for all the designed surgical tasks. In future works, the algorithm will be validated on an actual dual-arm serial robot making use of a body phantom.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Lead and Ammonium Formate as a New System for the Synthesis of Azo Compounds. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Link between gut‐microbiome derived metabolite and shared gene‐effects with hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in NAFLD (2018)

Previous studies have shown that gut-microbiome is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to examine if serum metabolites, especially those derived from the gut-microbiome, have a shared gene-effect with hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. This is a cross-sectional analysis of a prospective discovery cohort including 156 well-characterized twins and families with untargeted metabolome profiling assessment. Hepatic steatosis was assessed using magnetic-resonance-imaging proton-density-fat-fraction (MRI-PDFF) and fibrosis using MR-elastography (MRE). A twin additive genetics and unique environment effects (AE) model was used to estimate the shared gene-effect between metabolites and hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. The findings were validated in an independent prospective validation cohort of 156 participants with biopsy-proven NAFLD including shotgun metagenomics sequencing assessment in a subgroup of the cohort. In the discovery cohort, 56 metabolites including 6 microbial metabolites had a significant shared gene-effect with both hepatic steatosis and fibrosis after adjustment for age, sex and ethnicity. In the validation cohort, 6 metabolites were associated with advanced fibrosis. Among them, only one microbial metabolite, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)lactate, remained consistent and statistically significantly associated with liver fibrosis in the discovery and validation cohort (fold-change of higher-MRE versus lower-MRE: 1.78, P < 0.001 and of advanced versus no advanced fibrosis: 1.26, P = 0.037, respectively). The share genetic determination of 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)lactate with hepatic steatosis was R<sub>G</sub> :0.57,95%CI:0.27-0.80, P < 0.001 and with fibrosis was R<sub>G</sub> :0.54,95%CI:0.036-1, P = 0.036. Pathway reconstruction linked 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)lactate to several human gut-microbiome species. In the validation cohort, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)lactate was significantly correlated with the abundance of several gut-microbiome species, belonging only to Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria phyla, previously reported as associated with advanced fibrosis. Conclusion: This proof of concept study provides evidence of a link between the gut-microbiome and 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)lactate that shares gene-effect with hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. (Hepatology 2018).
Evidence for n‐type conduction in a perylene tetracarboxylic diimide derivative (1996)

n‐Type—electron transporting—conduction is demonstrated for Schottky diodes and field effect transistors based on N,N ′‐diphenyl‐3,4,9,10‐perylenetetracarboxylic‐dimide. The role of the electron‐injecting electrode is discussed, as are the potential improvements in performance offered by devices combining a p‐type semiconducting layer with an n‐type, electron transporting organic compound.
Phenanthroline Additives for Enhanced Semiconducting Carbon Nanotube Dispersion Stability and Transistor Performance (2020)

Dispersions of purely semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have enabled solution-processed SWCNT networks as active layers in field-effect transistors (FETs) with high carrier mobilities and excellent on/off current ratios. Although reproducibility has improved in recent years, reaching the level that is required for commercial large-scale processing remains a challenge. A key issue is the tendency of SWCNTs to aggregate over time, resulting in network inhomogeneities that cause large device performance variations. Based on the tailored formulation of colloidal inks by the choice of solvent and use of additives, we demonstrate the strong stabilization effect of phenanthroline additives on polymer-sorted (6,5) SWCNT using time-dependent near-infrared absorption spectroscopy as a fast and simple assessment tool for the aggregation rate. The addition of the N-heteropolycycle 1,10-phenanthroline significantly extends the stability of dispersions of polymer-wrapped nanotubes in toluene and hence improves the morphology of spin-coated networks even after ink storage for several days. Bottom-contact, top-gate FETs based on such networks show much higher charge carrier mobilities and drastically reduced device-to-device variations compared to devices based on SWCNT dispersions without phenanthroline. Nanotube ink formulations with small-molecule additives are an important step toward reproducible device parameters and are crucial for the translation of nanotube FETs from the laboratory to commercial applications.
Solvent free selective silylation of alcohols, phenols and naphthols with HMDS catalyzed by H-β zeolite (2004)

Trimethylsilylation of alcohols, phenols and naphthols using HMDS catalyzed by commercially available H- zeolite under solvent free conditions has been presented. The heterogeneous reaction conditions provided environmentally friendly protocol.
Dopamine D-1/D-5 Receptor Activation Is Required for Long-Term Potentiation in the Rat Neostriatum In Vitro (2001)

Dopamine and glutamate are key neurotransmitters involved in learning and memory mechanisms of the brain. These two neurotransmitter systems converge on nerve cells in the neostriatum. Dopamine modulation of activity-dependent plasticity at glutamatergic corticostriatal synapses has been proposed as a cellular mechanism for learning in the neostriatum. The present research investigated the role of specific subtypes of dopamine receptors in long-term potentiation (LTP) in the corticostriatal pathway, using intracellular recording from striatal neurons in a corticostriatal slice preparation. In agreement with previous reports, LTP could be induced reliably under Mg(2+)-free conditions. This Mg(2+)-free LTP was blocked by dopamine depletion and by the dopamine D-1/D-5 receptor antagonist SCH 23390 but was not blocked by the dopamine D-2 receptor antagonist remoxipride or the GABA(A) antagonist picrotoxin. In dopamine-depleted slices, the ability to induce LTP could be restored by bath application of the dopamine D-1/D-5 receptor agonist, SKF 38393. These results show that activation of dopamine D-1/D-5 receptors by either endogenous dopamine or exogenous dopamine agonists is a requirement for the induction of LTP in the corticostriatal pathway. These findings have significance for current understanding of learning and memory mechanisms of the neostriatum and for theoretical understanding of the mechanism of action of drugs used in the treatment of psychotic illnesses and Parkinson's disease.
Characterisation and Environnemental Impacts of Olive Oil Wastewater Disposal (2005)

The management of wastewater issued from olive oil extraction (locally named margine), continues to cause enormous problems due to the great quantities annually produced, and the contamination risks related to their high level of pollution and toxicity. The nearness of Agareb zone to the main olive oil production zone of Sfax and the existence of clayey outcrops are the main factors influencing the choice of this zone for the implantation of a site for the margine evaporation. The investigation and sampling works developed on the site have established the geological, hydrogeological, geotechnical and environmental characteristics. The permeable silty and sandy layers in the site favorized the infiltration of margine through and below the storage basins. This infiltration is particularly observed in the south part of the site where it has reached a depth of 4m at a distance of 20 m laterally. The chemical analysis of the substratum and infiltrated margine showed that the latter constituted a polluting source, its acidity may affect physical and geotechnical clay layer properties and causes pollutant migration in the subsoil. The wastewater infiltration in the underlying layers has caused the dissolution of salts and the modification of pH, nutrients contents and phenolic compound concentrations. The geotechnical investigations conducted on the site showed the instability of the embankments slopes separating the margine storage basins and the presence of sliding which may cause margine flow out from the storage basins and consequently the spreading of pollution on great areas.
THE INTERACTION OF CATIONIC LIPOSOMES CONTAINING ENTRAPPED HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE WITH CELLS IN CULTURE (1974)

Cationic liposomes composed of sphingomyelin, cholesterol, and stearylamine were prepared with horseradish peroxidase trapped inside. Stable particles were formed in which 10-12% of the enzymic activity appeared to be located at, or near, the outer surface of the liposome. Adsorption and uptake of liposomes by HeLa cells were followed cytochemically by electron microscopy and quantitated by enzyme assay and by the distribution and fate of particles labeled with [(14)C]cholesterol and [(125)I]horseradish peroxidase. The particles were adsorbed by HeLa cells at least 300 times as efficiently as was free horseradish peroxidase. Many of the particles remained at the cell surface, but numerous membrane-bound cytoplasmic inclusions were observed to contain peroxidase-staining material. In addition, many areas of the cell membrane gave a positive staining reaction. It was concluded that many particles (presumably the larger ones) did not gain access to the interior of the cells, many were phagocytized, and some enzyme was transferred to the cell membrane, perhaps as a result of fusion of the liposomal membrane with the cell membrane.