gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Head and Trunk Movement Control During Locomotion After Long-Duration Spaceflight (1999)

Exposure to the microgravity environment encountered during spaceflight induces adaptive alteration in sensorimotor function that leads to postflight disturbances in locomotor control. Head and trunk movement control plays a central role in maintaining gaze stability and in providing a stable reference system to permit spatial navigation in a complex and constantly varying environment. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of long-duration spaceflight (3-6 months) on head and trunk movement control during postflight terrestrial locomotion. Before and after spaceflight, subjects walked on a motorized treadmill while performing a challenging gaze stabilization task requiring number recognition. Head and trunk kinematic data were collected with a video-based motion analysis system. Analysis of roll, pitch and yaw head and trunk movements during treadmill walking revealed postflight alterations in head and trunk movement control in all three planes of motion. Subjects also experienced oscillopsia during postflight walking which led to impairment in performance of the number recognition task. These data indicate that exposure to long-duration space flight causes alteration in head and trunk movement control during postflight locomotion. These changes have implications for the control of gaze and maintenance of dynamic stability during walking after long-duration spaceflight.
Improved gas thrust bearings (1979)

Two variations of gas-lubricated thrust bearings extend substantially load-carrying range over existing gas bearings. Dual-Action Gas Thrust Bearing's load-carrying capacity is more than ninety percent greater than that of single-action bearing over range of compressibility numbers. Advantages of Cantilever-mounted Thrust Bearing are greater tolerance to dirt ingestion, good initial lift-off characteristics, and operational capability over wide temperature range.
Thermal Transport in Off‐Stoichiometric Uranium Dioxide by Atomic Level Simulation (2009)

The thermal conductivity of hypo‐ and hyperstoichiometric UO 2 is calculated as a function of defect concentration and temperature using the direct method in molecular dynamics simulations. Anion defects, the dominant defects in UO 2 , are shown to significantly influence the thermal conductivity. Lattice dynamics calculations show how this reduction arises from changes in the nature of the lattice vibrations, as characterized by the polarization vectors and participation ratios. In addition, 235 U isotopic defects are shown to have a negligible influence on the thermal conductivity.
DNA Base Trimers: Empirical and Quantum Chemical Ab Initio Calculations versus Experiment in Vacuo (2006)

A complete scan of the potential-energy surfaces for selected DNA base trimers has been performed by a molecular dynamics/quenching technique using the force field of Cornell et al. implemented in the AMBER7 program. The resulting most stable/populated structures were then reoptimized at a correlated ab initio level by employing resolution of the identity, Møller-Plesset second-order perturbation theory (RI-MP2). A systematic study of these trimers at such a complete level of electronic structure theory is presented for the first time. We show that prior experimental and theoretical interpretations were incorrect in assuming that the most stable structures of the methylated trimers corresponded to planar systems characterized by cyclic intermolecular hydrogen bonding. We found that stacked structures of two bases with the third base in a T-shape arrangement are the global minima in all of the methylated systems: they are more stable than the cyclic planar structures by about 10 kcal mol(-1). The different behaviors of nonmethylated and methylated trimers is also discussed. The high-level geometries and interaction energies computed for the trimers serve also as a reference for the testing of recently developed density functional theory (DFT) functionals with respect to their ability to correctly describe the balance between the electrostatic and dispersion contributions that bind these trimers together. The recently reported M052X functional with a polarized triple-zeta basis set predicts 11 uracil trimer interaction energies with a root-mean-square error of 2.3 kcal mol(-1) relative to highly correlated ab initio theoretical calculations.
Novel tactile feedback to reduce overt stuttering (2012)

Stuttering is generally considered to be a speech disorder that affects ∼1% of the global population. Various forms of speech feedback have been shown to reduce overt stuttered speaking, and in particular, second speech signal through speech feedback has drastically reduced utterances of stuttered speech in adults with persistent stuttering. This study reports data for increased overt fluency of speech in an adult stuttering population, whereby the vocalization of the speaker is captured by a microphone or an accelerometer, signal processed, and returned as mechanical tactile speech feedback to the speaker's skin. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used to show that both the microphone and the accelerometer speaking conditions were significantly more fluent than a control (no feedback) condition, with the microphone-driven tactile feedback reducing instances of stuttering by 71% and the accelerometer-driven tactile feedback reducing instances of stuttering by 80%. It is apparent that self-generated tactile feedback can be used to enhance fluency significantly in those who stutter.
<title>Active-matrix-addressed optical amplifier</title> (1993)

A full-color video projector uses an active matrix LCD to modulate low-intensity addressing light in a photoactivated liquid crystal light valve projection system. This hybrid modulator delivers high aperture ratio for a bright, high-contrast projected image.
Effects of the Distance between Radical Sites on the Reactivities of Aromatic Biradicals (2020)

Coupling of the radical sites in isomeric benzynes is known to hinder their radical reactivity. In order to determine how far apart the radical sites must be for them not to interact, the gas-phase reactivity of several isomeric protonated (iso)quinoline- and acridine-based biradicals was examined. All the (iso)quinolinium-based biradicals were found to react slower than the related monoradicals with similar vertical electron affinities (i.e., similar polar effects). In sharp contrast, the acridinium-based biradicals, most with the radical sites farther apart than in the (iso)quinolinium-based systems, showed greater reactivities than the relevant monoradicals with similar vertical electron affinities. The greater distances between the two radical sites in these biradicals lead to very little or no spin-spin coupling, and no suppression of radical reactivity was observed. Therefore, the radical sites can still interact if they are located on adjacent benzene rings and only after being separated further than that does no coupling occur. The most reactive radical site of each biradical was experimentally determined to be the one predicted to be more reactive based on the monoradical reactivity data. Therefore, the calculated vertical electron affinities of relevant monoradicals can be used to predict which radical site is most reactive in the biradicals.
A Microwave instrument for Measurement of Small Inbomogeneties in Supercalendar Rollers and Other Dielectric Cylinders* (1974)

A microwave instrument for non-destructive testing of the homogeneity of supercalendar rollers used in paper mills is described. The sensor consists of a flat coaxial transmission line a half wavelength long. A sensitivity of more than 0,1% is achieved in measuring small changes in the dielectric constant. Measurement of absolute values of the dielectric constant is also possible.
Design of Double Digital Controller to Improve Performance for the Silent Discharging Ozonizer (2006)

In this paper, a control method of ozone generator for a tiny deodorizer is proposed, and also a cooling technique is described which is cooling down the flowing air gap into a silent discharger to to generate ozone of high density and diffusing power. As the digital control system for this method, a double feedback loop is designed which detects the voltage and current of equivalent capacitor of the discharger and compensates for the poor power waveform caused by the noise at high discharging frequency. During the plant modeling of this system, computing time factor is considered as a unique parameter of the power system to improve the respond characteristics with regard to fluctuating load and to replenish the computing time delay of the controller. Through the experiment, sinusoidal input current for discharger can be acquired and all the effectiveness of this accurate control system over unstable ozone discharger are proved.
Cancer mutation signatures, DNA damage mechanisms, and potential clinical implications (2013)

Knowledge of cancer genomic DNA sequences has created unprecedented opportunities for mutation studies. Computational analyses have begun to decipher mutational signatures that identify underlying causes. A recent analysis encompassing 30 cancer types reported 20 distinct mutation signatures, resulting from ultraviolet light, deficiencies in DNA replication and repair, and unexpectedly large contributions from both spontaneous and APOBEC-catalyzed DNA cytosine deamination. Mutational signatures have the potential to become diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers as well as factors in therapy development.
New Kids on the Block: Bile Salt Conjugates of Microbial Origin (2022)

Biotransformation of host bile salts by gut microbes results in generation of secondary bile salt species that have biological and physicochemical properties that are distinct from the parent compounds. There is increased awareness that a bile salt-gut microbiome axis modulates various processes in the host, including innate and adaptive immunity, by interaction of microbial bile salt metabolites with host receptors. Omics and targeted approaches have vastly expanded the number and repertoire of secondary bile salt species. A new class of microbial bile salt metabolites was reported in 2020 and comprises bile salts that are conjugated by microbial enzymes. Amino acids other than those employed by host enzymes (glycine and taurine) are used as substrates in the formation of these microbial bile salt conjugates (MBSCs). Leucocholic acid, phenylalanocholic acid and tyrosocholic acid were the first MBSCs identified in mice and humans. The number of distinct MBSCs is now approaching 50, with variation both at the level of bile salt and amino acid employed for conjugation. Evidence is emerging that MBSC generation is a common feature of human gut bacteria, and initial links with disease states have been reported. In this review, we discuss this intriguing new class of secondary bile salts, with yet enigmatic function.
Investigation into impact of tropical cyclones on the ionosphere using GPS sounding and NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis data (2010)

Abstract Ionospheric response to tropical cyclones (TCs) was estimated experimentally on the example of three powerful cyclones – KATRINA (23–31 August 2005), RITA (18–26 September 2005), and WILMA (15–25 October 2005). These TCs were active near the USA Atlantic coast. Investigation was based on Total Electron Content (TEC) data from the international network of two-frequency ground-based GPS receivers and the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis data. We studied the spatial–temporal dynamics of wave TEC disturbances over two periods of ranges (02–20 min and 20–60 min). To select the ionospheric disturbances which were most likely to be associated with the cyclones, maps of TEC disturbances were compared with those of meteorological parameters.
Hybrid Perovskite-Based Memristor Devices (2023)

Modern electronic devices are being developed for cutting-edge applications, as a result of recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). The demand for “universal memory” devices with exceptional qualities, such as high data transmission speed, storage capacity, non-volatility, and low operation voltage has increased as a result of the industry’s ability to sustain such a high growth rate. In this chapter, we elaborate on the history of the evaluation of novel memristor structures, various switching mechanisms, and materials for developing memristor devices. The current state of the art of the memristor for various applications, such as data storage, artificial synapse, light-induced resistive switching, logic gates, and mimicking human behavior is also systematically summarized.
MCQTL: multi-allelic QTL mapping in multi-cross design (2004)

The program is available on request after signing a licence agreement; free of charge for academic and non-profit organizations at http://www.genoplante.org (Bioinformatics products).
Understanding urban stormwater denitrification in bioretention internal water storage zones (2018)

Conventional free-draining bioretention systems promote nitrate production and continual leaching to receiving waters. In this study, laboratory tests demonstrated the efficacy of an internal water storage zone (IWSZ) to target nitrate removal via denitrification. Experimental results confirmed that the carbon substrate characteristics (Willow Oak woodchip media) and the hydraulic retention time of nitrified stormwater affected nitrate removal performance. A 2.6-day batch treatment time reduced 3.0 mg-N/L to <0.01 mg/L, corresponding to a first-order denitrification rate constant of 0.0011 min<sup>-1</sup> . Under various flow conditions, the associated hydraulic retention time may be used as a predictive measurement of nitrate removal performance. Scanning electron microscopy and 16S rRNA analysis of the woodchips showed that biofilms were present that could be responsible for anaerobic lignocellulose degradation and denitrification. This knowledge, along with evaluation of the biofilm community composition, reinforced the notion of a heterogeneous structure due to nutrient availability and hydrodynamic conditions. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Denitrification can occur using woodchips in a bioretention internal water storage zone. The denitrification rate is slow and may be limited during field-scale applications. A woodchip pretreatment did not provide long-term enhancement to the denitrification rate. Denitrification bacteria were found in the internal water storage zone.
On the Importance of Stereo for Accurate Depth Estimation: An Efficient Semi-Supervised Deep Neural Network Approach (2018)

We revisit the problem of visual depth estimation in the context of autonomous vehicles. Despite the progress on monocular depth estimation in recent years, we show that the gap between monocular and stereo depth accuracy remains large-a particularly relevant result due to the prevalent reliance upon monocular cameras by vehicles that are expected to be self-driving. We argue that the challenges of removing this gap are significant, owing to fundamental limitations of monocular vision. As a result, we focus our efforts on depth estimation by stereo. We propose a novel semi-supervised learning approach to training a deep stereo neural network, along with a novel architecture containing a machine-learned argmax layer and a custom runtime that enables a smaller version of our stereo DNN to run on an embedded GPU. Competitive results are shown on the KITTI 2015 stereo dataset. We also evaluate the recent progress of stereo algorithms by measuring the impact upon accuracy of various design criteria <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> .
Impact of Dementia-Related Behavioral Symptoms on Healthcare Resource Use and Caregiver Burden: Real-World Data from Europe and the United States (2021)

Combinations of behavioral symptoms, particularly involving AARS plus psychosis, may have a detrimental impact on health-related outcomes such as HCRU, patient QoL, and caregiver burden in dementia. Our results have implications for intervention development in patients who report clusters of symptoms and caregivers, and for identifying at-risk individuals.
Angiotensinogen M235T polymorphism associates with exercise hemodynamics in postmenopausal women (2002)

We sought to determine whether the M235T angiotensinogen (AGT) polymorphism, either interacting with habitual physical activity (PA) levels or independently, was associated with cardiovascular (CV) hemodynamics during maximal and submaximal exercise. Sixty-one healthy postmenopausal women (16 sedentary, 21 physically active, and 24 endurance athletes) had heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), cardiac output, stroke volume (SV), total peripheral resistance (TPR), and arteriovenous O2 difference (a-vDO2) assessed during 40, 60, 80, and approximately 100% of VO2 max treadmill exercise. VO2 max did not differ among AGT genotype groups; however, maximal HR was 14 beats/min higher in AGT TT than MM genotype women (P < 0.05). AGT TT genotype women also had 19 beats/min higher HR during approximately 100% VO2 max exercise than AGT MM genotype women (P = 0.008). AGT genotype also interacted with habitual PA levels to associate with systolic BP and a-vDO2 during approximately 100% VO2 max exercise (both P < 0.01). AGT TT genotype women had 11 beats/min higher HR during submaximal exercise than MM genotype women (P < 0.05). AGT genotype interacted with habitual PA levels to associate with systolic BP during submaximal exercise (P = 0.009). AGT genotype, independently or interacting with habitual PA levels, did not associate significantly with diastolic BP, cardiac output, SV, or TPR during maximal or submaximal exercise. Thus this common genetic variant in the renin-angiotensin system appears to associate, both interactively with habitual PA levels and independently, with HR, systolic BP, and a-vDO2 responses to maximal and submaximal exercise in postmenopausal women.
Quality engineering in japan (1985)

For controlling quality of products, there are two things we have to consider; how to measure the quality and how to improve it. The former is discussed in section 2 by introducing the difference in quality levels between Japan and USA. After briefly introducing all countermeasures for improving quality of products, an on-line quality control system design is proposed as the one which is more economical than removing defec- tives after manufacturing by conducting inspection. It has been ma?y Japanese companies' policy to keep pro- cess conditions at best in order to produce uniform products as far as possible. This paper discusses the optimum feed-back process control system design by checking either quality characteristics or process pa- rameters after introducing overall quality countermea- sures starting with product design.
A prospective evaluation of point of care ultrasound teaching in Switzerland (2019)

Our data suggest that Swiss medical students can learn and perform POCUS after a 2-day instructional taught by trained 1<sup>st</sup>-year American medical students. No difference was found between students in early clinical training and late clinical training for the ability to perform POCUS.
Magnetic properties of ceramics from the pyrolysis of metallocene-based polymers doped with palladium (2011)

Solution processing is a facile method to generate magnetic thin films. Polyferrocenylethylmethylsilane (PFEMS) was doped with palladium (II) acetylacetonate using two methods: sublimation of Pd(acac)2 to form Pd nanoparticles in the PFEMS films and direct mixing of Pd with the PFEMS polymer precursor prior to film deposition. These polymer composites all exhibit paramagnetic behavior, with increasing magnetic susceptibility for increasing Pd content. Pyrolysis of the precursors yields ferromagnetic ceramics at room temperature. The effect of the pyrolysis temperature and atmosphere on the magnetic properties, chemical composition, and crystalline structure of the ceramics was explored. For ceramics containing Pd, FePd alloys are observed to form pyrolyzed under argon at 1000 °C. The formation of these alloys results in enhanced coercivity, remanent magnetization, and saturation magnetization of the ceramics.
Pattern-based detection of anion pollutants in water with DNA polyfluorophores (2015)

Many existing irrigation, industrial and chemical storage sites are currently introducing hazardous anions into groundwater, making the monitoring of such sites a high priority. Detecting and quantifying anions in water samples typically requires complex instrumentation, adding cost and delaying analysis. Here we address these challenges by development of an optical molecular method to detect and discriminate a broad range of anionic contaminants with DNA-based fluorescent sensors. A library of 1296 tetrameric-length oligodeoxyfluorosides (ODFs) composed of metal ligand and fluorescence modulating monomers was constructed with a DNA synthesizer on PEG-polystyrene microbeads. These oligomers on beads were incubated with Y<sup>III</sup> or Zn<sup>II</sup> ions to provide affinity and responsiveness to anions. Seventeen anions were screened with the library under an epifluorescence microscope, ultimately yielding eight chemosensors that could discriminate 250 μM solutions of all 17 anions in buffered water using their patterns of response. This sensor set was able to identify two unknown anion samples from ten closely-responding anions and could also function quantitatively, determining unknown concentrations of anions such as cyanide (as low as 1 mM) and selenate (as low as 50 μM). Further studies with calibration curves established detection limits of selected anions including thiocyanate (detection limit ~300 μM) and arsenate (~800 μM). The results demonstrate DNA-like fluorescent chemosensors as versatile tools for optically analyzing environmentally hazardous anions in aqueous environments.
Decrease of proteoglycan granule number but increase of their size in articular cartilage of young rabbits after physical exercise and immobilization by splinting (1987)

The effects of physical exercise (running) and immobilization by splinting on the number and size of proteoglycan (PG) granules and the diameter of collagen fibers of the articular cartilage were studied with the transmission electron microscope with a stereological method. The lateral tibial condyles of 24 young rabbits were examined. The analysis was carried out in the superficial, middle, and deep zones of uncalcified articular cartilage and also in the pericellular, territorial, and interterritorial regions of each zone. PGs were demonstrated in situ by using en bloc staining with the cationic dye ruthenium red, which binds to negative groups of glycosaminoglycans. Results of the control group showed that there was a large pericellular number of PG granules, and the number of granules tended to increase through cartilage depth. The mean diameter of PG granules was highest in the superficial zone and decreased through cartilage depth. The collagen fibers were thicker in the interterritorial than in the territorial region and their diameters increased from superficial toward the deep zone of uncalcified cartilage. Results of the experimental groups showed that the number of ruthenium-red-positive PG granules decreased by 3-46% in all zones and regions after both physical exercise and joint immobilization. On the other hand, the diameter of PG granules increased by 4-42% in all zones and regions in all groups. Collagen fibers in the territorial region of the middle zone were thinner in the exercised and in the splinted knee, while thicker in the contralateral knee to the splinted limb, as compared with the controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)