gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tuning the Electrocatalytic Activity of Co3O4 through Discrete Elemental Doping (2019)

To gain constructive insight into the possible effect of doping on the electrocatalytic activity of materials, a catalytic framework with a discrete distribution of dopants is an appropriate model system. Such a system assures well-defined active centers, maximum atom utilization efficiency, and hence enhanced selectivity, catalytic activity, and stability. Herein, a comprehensive investigation of the electrocatalytic activity of iron-doped cobalt oxide (Fe-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) nanosheets is presented. In order to understand the contribution of dopants, a series of materials with controlled doping levels are investigated. By controlled iron inclusion into the structure of Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, an apparent improvement in the oxygen evolution reaction activity which is reflected in the decrease of 160 mV in the overpotential to reach the current density of 10 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> is manifested. Additionally, it is shown that there exists an optimum doping content above which the catalytic activity fades. Further investigation of the system with density functional calculations reveals that, along with the optimization of adsorption energy toward the reaction intermediates, substantial downshift of the Fermi level and delocalization of electron density occurs on introducing iron ions into the structure.
Energy-efficient doherty power amplifier MMIC and beamforming-oriented digital predistortion for 5G massive MIMO application (2017)

We present an energy-efficient Ka-band asymmetrical Doherty power amplifier (DPA) MMIC in a 0.15-μm E-mode GaAs pHEMT process in this paper, which is dedicated for 5G massive MIMO application. A novel design method is employed to remove the offset line behind the main power amplifier, resulting in a compact chip size of 2.1 mm × 1.7 mm, and a large bandwidth of 2.8 GHz. The DPA achieves a saturation output power of 25.7 dBm-26.8 dBm, a peak PAE of 31%-38%, and a PAE at 7 dB back-off of 21%-30% from 29 GHz to 31.8 GHz. In addition, a beamforming-oriented digital predistortion (DPD) scheme for 5G Massive MIMO system is proposed to reduce the number of feedback paths and predistorters, this technique includes only one predistorter and a shared feedback path for the whole array, which greatly simplifies the conventional massive MIMO hybrid beamforming transmitters. The experimental results show that the proposed technique and linearization angle range broadening method achieve up to 15 dB adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) improvement and 10° linearization angle range in main beam direction.
2D-composition mapping in InGaN without electron beam induced clustering of indium by STEM HAADF Z-contrast imaging (2011)

Investigation of composition in InGaN quantum wells and quantum dots by TEM is hampered by formation of electron beam induced agglomeration of indium, which occurs if the specimen is exposed to the electron beam for a few minutes. In this contribution we demonstrate that compositional analysis of InGaN nanostructures is possible without this artifact if STEM Z-contrast imaging is applied instead of parallel beam illumination. The suggested method for composition analysis in InGaN is based on a comparison of intensity normalized with respect to the incident electron beam with simulated image intensity. Simulations are performed with the STEMsim program using the frozen lattice multislice approximation for which static atomic displacements were taken into account.
Secondary metabolites of fungi from marine habitats (2011)

Covering: 2006 to mid-2010
Resonant states in doped quantum wells (2002)

Abstract Resonant states can have an important influence on the electronic transport, noise and optical properties of heterostructure devices. We have used a non‐variational method to study the resonant states formed by shallow donors inside and outside of quantum wells. The method allows us the evaluation of the position and the width (lifetime) of the resonant states and also of matrix elements such as optical transition probabilities. When the width is compared to results from the approach of resolvent operators, a quantitative difference is found, which we attribute to the neglected intraband scattering in the latter method. We also show how the impurity states, localized and resonant, evolve as the donor is moved into the quantum well from an originally infinite distance.
On Adjusting the Learning Rate in Frequency Domain Echo Cancellation With Double-Talk (2007)

One of the main difficulties in echo cancellation is the fact that the learning rate needs to vary according to conditions such as double-talk and echo path change. In this paper, we propose a new method of varying the learning rate of a frequency-domain echo canceller. This method is based on the derivation of the optimal learning rate of the normalized least mean square (NLMS) algorithm in the presence of noise. The method is evaluated in conjunction with the multidelay block frequency domain (MDF) adaptive filter. We demonstrate that it performs better than current double-talk detection techniques and is simple to implement
Erratum: Global deletion of MGL in mice delays lipid absorption and alters energy homeostasis and diet-induced obesity (2019)

VOL 56 (2015) PAGES 1153–1171 John Zadroga's name was misspelled. The corrected names are shown above.
Maximum likelihood decoding in a space division multiplexing system (2002)

An analysis is made of maximum likelihood decoding (MLD) in a wireless space division multiplexing (SDM) link, where information is transmitted and received simultaneously over several transmit and receive antennas to achieve large data rates and high spectral efficiencies. It is proven that maximum likelihood decoding obtains a diversity order equal to the number of receive antennas, independent of the number of the transmit antennas, while conventional processing techniques such as the minimum mean square error (MMSE) technique obtain a diversity order equal to the number of receive antennas minus the number of transmit antennas plus one. Hence, compared to conventional techniques, maximum likelihood decoding has a significant signal-to-noise ratio advantage which grows with the number of transmit antennas. Maximum likelihood decoding even works when the number of transmit antennas is larger than the number of receive antennas, which is not possible for conventional techniques.
Message from the SAUCE Workshop Organizing Technical Co-chairs (2008)

Presents the introductory welcome message from the conference proceedings.
Metoclopramide Risks (2009)

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is requiring a boxed warning on metoclopramide, a drug used to treat certain gastrointestinal tract conditions, to alert physicians and patients that prolonged use of the drug is known to cause movement disorders.
Organic Rechargeable Batteries (2019)

This chapter deals with organic positive-electrode materials for rechargeable batteries. Organic materials, which can act as positive-electrode materials, have attracted attention as alternatives to inorganic metal oxides. The chapter reviews molecular positive-electrode materials for organic rechargeable batteries. The effective use of electric energy is quite important to save energy as well as reduce carbon dioxide emission. Organic materials that do not include any heavy metals have several advantages as active electrode materials for lithium ion batteries, that is, they are abundant in nature and have less environmental load. The chapter outlines representative organic molecules used for molecular positive-electrode materials. They are classified into three groups, namely acceptors, donors, and dual redox systems. Lithium is an indispensable element as the carrier ion in a lithium ion battery. However, lithium resources are unevenly distributed on earth, rich in South America, particularly in Chile.
Inverted-load network for high-power Doherty amplifier (2009)

In this article, a high-power, high-efficiency inverted Doherty power amplifier (PA), having a more compact load network than that of the conventional Doherty amplifier, was designed and implemented for wide-band code-division multiple access (WCDMA) base-station applications. Its configuration and working principle are compared with the conventional Doherty amplifier. For experimental verification, we implemented an inverted Doherty amplifier, using a 190 W peak-envelope-power (PEP) laterally diffused metal-oxide-semiconductor (LDMOS) field-effect transistors (FETs). Using a four-carrier down-link WCDMA signal, we achieved a high power-added efficiency (PAE) of 32% and an average output power level as high as 46.3 dBm at a given adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) level of --30 dBc. This is a 9.5% improvement in efficiency and 1 dB improvement in output power under the same ACLR conditions from those of the balanced class-AB operation using the same devices.
Imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma and image guided therapies - how we do it (2017)

Treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma have evolved over recent years. Interventional radiologists and surgeons can offer curative treatments for early stage tumours, and locoregional therapies can be provided resulting in longer survival times. Early diagnosis with screening ultrasound is the key. CT and MRI are used to characterize lesions and determine the extent of tumour burden. Imaging techniques are discussed in this article as the correct imaging protocols are essential to optimise successful detection and characterisation. After treatment it is important to establish regular imaging follow up with CT or MRI as local residual disease can be easily treated, and recurrence elsewhere in the liver is common.
Suppression of matching field effects by splay and pinning energy dispersion inYBa2Cu3O7with columnar defects (2001)

We report measurements of the irreversible magnetization ${M}_{i}$ of a large number of ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ single crystals with columnar defects (CD). Some of them exhibit a maximum in ${M}_{i}$ when the density of vortices equals the density of tracks, at temperatures above 40 K. We show that the observation of these matching field effects is constrained to those crystals where the orientational and pinning energy dispersion of the CD system lies below a certain threshold. The amount of such dispersion is determined by the mass and energy of the irradiation ions, and by the crystal thickness. Time relaxation measurements show that the matching effects are associated with a reduction of the creep rate, and occur deep into the collective pinning regime.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Procedure for the Conversion of Thiols into Reactive Sulfenylating Agents. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Thermoelectric performance of B/sub 4/C/B/sub 9/C heterostructures (2002)

The electronic properties of bulk materials are altered when they are incorporated into quantum wells. Two-dimensional quantum wells have been synthesized by alternating layers of B/sub 4/C and B/sub 9/C. Such nanostructures are being investigated as candidate thermoelectric materials for high figures of merit (Z) at high temperature. The predicted enhancement is attributed to the confined motion of charge carriers in the two dimensions and separating them from the ion donors. This combination of materials is of interest since B/sub x/C alloys are the preferred thermoelectric materials for high temperature applications because they should exhibit little diffusion. Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) technique has been used to prepare these multilayer films. Films have been deposited on single-crystal silicon substrates. The films have been characterized with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger spectroscopy. The thermoelectric properties of these films have also been determined over a broad range of temperatures from 4.2 K to 1200 K. When these same films were annealed at 1,050/spl deg/C for 25 hours, their /spl alpha//sup 2///spl rho/ values increased dramatically. The /spl alpha//sup 2///spl rho/ values for these P type films were more than a factor of 10 to 30 times higher than bulk P type SiGe. Attempts to measure thermal conductivity are being pursued. The performance of the MBE films have been systematically compared with bulk materials. Preliminary thermoelectric measurements of the multilayer structures, lead us to believe that significant gains in the thermoelectric figure of merit (Z) may be possible with this approach.
On the perceptual distance between speech segments (1995)

For many tasks in speech signal processing it is of interest to develop an objective measure that correlates well with the perceptual distance between speech segments. (Speech segments means pieces of a speech signal, of duration 50–150 ms.) Such a distance metric would be useful for speech coders at low bit rates because perturbations introduced by such coders typically last for several tens of milliseconds. It would also be useful for automatic speech recognition in adverse conditions. Since human beings perform well in spite of gross distortions of the signal (e.g., due to reverberation, noisy environments, etc.) it is justifiable to assume that mimicking human behavior will improve recognition performance. In this talk, attempts at defining such a metric will be described. The problem is approached in the framework of the Diagnostic Rhyme Test [DRT]. The errors made by subjects were measured when judiciously chosen time-frequency ‘‘tiles’’ were interchanged between the words in each pair of the DRT test [Ghitza, 2507–2515 (1993)]. Next the same task is performed with an array of automatic speech recognizers [Ghitza and Sondhi, Comp. Speech Lang. 7(2), 101–120 (1993)], using a parametrized distance metric. Finally, the parameters of the distance metric are optimized so as to minimize the difference between the error patterns of the human listeners and those of the automatic speech recognizers.
Gateway signal transfer points: design, services and benefits (1990)

The authors discuss the gateway signal transfer point (STP) and the key services it performs in the formation and operation of global information networks. These services include basic service support and networkwide connectivity, a capability that will become more necessary in North America as networkwide features and services become available. Having defined the requirements and operations for the gateway STP, the authors examine the DMS-STP as one implementation. The prospect of future services and functions in the network is considered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
FLOW CYTOMETRIC CELL CYCLE ANALYSIS USING THE QUENCHING OF 33258 HOECHST FLUORESCENCE BY BROMODEOXYURIDINE INCORPORATION (1979)

Cultures of L cells were grown in medium containing 2.0 mg/l bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR) and stained with the fluorescent dye 33258 Hoechst for flow cytometric analysis. During exposure to BUdR, The cells replace thymidine by BUdR in the newly synthesized DNA. The new DNA is not stainable with 33258 Hoechst, which is highly specific for thymidine. The temporal development of the fluorescence distributions after addition of BUdR to the growth medium has been investigated in the flow cytometer, and the data were used to calculate the mean durations of the phases G1, S and G2 + M in exponentially growing cultures as well as the cycle transit times in synchronized cultures. The percentage of non-cycling cells was determined in each experiment.
Interactive exploration of large remote micro-CT scans (2005)

Datasets of tens of gigabytes are becoming common in computational and experimental science. This development is driven by advances in imaging technology, producing detectors with growing resolutions, as well as availability of cheap processing power and memory capacity in commodity-based computing clusters. We describe the design of a visualization system that allows scientists to interactively explore large remote data sets in an efficient and flexible way. The system is broadly applicable and currently used by medical scientists conducting an osteoporosis research project. Human vertebral bodies are scanned using a high resolution microCT scanner producing scans of roughly 8 GB size each. All participating research groups require access to the centrally stored data. Due to the rich internal bone structure, scientists need to interactively explore the full dataset at coarse levels, as well as visualize subvolumes of interest at the highest resolution. Our solution is based on HDF5 and GridFTP. When accessing data remotely, the HDF5 data processing pipeline is modified to support efficient retrieval of subvolumes. We reduce the overall latency and optimize throughput by executing high-level operations on the remote side. The GridFTP protocol is used to pass the HDF5 requests to a customized server. The approach takes full advantage of local graphics hardware for rendering. Interactive visualization is accomplished using a background thread to access the datasets stored in a multiresolution format. A hierarchical volume tenderer provides seamless integration of high resolution details with low resolution overviews.
Impact of antenna pattern on UWB time-based ranging (2011)

The accurate estimation of time-of-arrival in a dense multipath environment is vital for reliable performance of time-based ranging techniques. The radiation pattern of antennas used for the user-terminals (UT) and access-point (AP) sensors in localization applications have significant effect on the system performance. This paper introduces a technique to synthesize the channel impulse responses (CIR) while specific antenna pattern is used at AP node. The proposed methodology provides the opportunity to examine ranging performance with different type of antenna without any need to repeat channel measurements. The influence of antenna orientation and directivity are investigated by using this methodology. The preliminary results are presented.
Laser-written waveguides in KTP for broadband Type II second harmonic generation (2012)

Femto-second laser writing was used to fabricate waveguides in a z-cut KTP sample with losses below 0.8 dB/cm. They were used for efficient, broad bandwidth, Type II birefringent second harmonic generation to the green. The temperature and wavelength bandwidth were, 28 C ∙ cm and 0.85 nm ∙ cm, respectively.
Spectral Power Distribution of Fluorescent Lamp as a Function of Correlated Color Temperature and the General Color-Rendering Index (1982)

This paper describes a formulation by which one can obtain spectral power distributions of fluorescent lamps with any correlated color temperature Tc, and with any general color-rendering index Ra, provided that their chromaticity points lie on the daylight locus or the plankian locus.The spectral power distribution J (λ) is constructed by a linear combination of the averaged spectral power distribution J0 (λ) and three characteristic functions T1 (λ), T2 (λ) and T3 (λ) as follows:J(λ) =J0(λ) +h1T1(λ)+h2T2 (λ) +pT3 (λ)In the equation, T1 (λ) and T2 (λ) are derived so that the first and the second coefficients h1, h2 are determined by correlated color temperature Tc, irrespective of Ra. The third coefficient p is related to both Tc and Ra. An approximated formula is derived which relates p with Ra including Tc as parameter.The formulation is applied to derive the spectral power distributions of fluorescent lamps with Tc ranging from 3000 K to 7000 K and with Ra of 50 to 94. The computations reconstitute well the spectral power distributions of fiuorescent lamps having the pre-specified values of Tc and Ra. The mean error in Ra is 0.14.
Ensembles of Models for Automated Diagnosis of System Performance Problems (2005)

Violations of service level objectives (SLO) in Internet services are urgent conditions requiring immediate attention. Previously we explored (I. Cohen et al., 2004) an approach for identifying which low-level system properties were correlated to high-level SLO violations (the metric attribution problem). The approach is based on automatically inducing models from data using pattern recognition and probability modeling techniques. In this paper we extend our approach to adapt to changing workloads and external disturbances by maintaining an ensemble of probabilistic models, adding new models when existing ones do not accurately capture current system behavior. Using realistic workloads on an implemented prototype system, we show that the ensemble of models captures the performance behavior of the system accurately under changing workloads and conditions. We fuse information from the models in the ensemble to identify likely causes of the performance problem, with results comparable to those produced by an oracle that continuously changes the model based on advance knowledge of the workload. The cost of inducing new models and managing the ensembles is negligible, making our approach both immediately practical and theoretically appealing.
Cloud-based Middleware for Syntactical Interoperability in Internet of Things (2020)

Heterogeneity of protocol communications, data formats, data structure, and hardware specifications on the Internet of things can lead to an Interoperability problem. The solution provides middleware that capable to work in heterogeneity communications, data formats, etc. This paper proposed. A cloud-based middleware that provides a communication interface to receive data from sensor nodes based on Restful and CoAP. Received data then stored in heterogenous IoT data storage based on the NoSQL database. From experiment and testing, interoperability testing methodology was used. The result shows proposed middleware can receive data from both protocols. The received data could store based on structure data or unstructured data on IoT data storage.
Multispectral imaging detects gastritis consistently in mouse model and in humans (2020)

Gastritis constitutes the initial step of the gastric carcinogenesis process. Gastritis diagnosis is based on histological examination of biopsies. Non-invasive real-time methods to detect mucosal inflammation are needed. Tissue optical properties modify reemitted light, i.e. the proportion of light that is emitted by a tissue after stimulation by a light flux. Analysis of light reemitted by gastric tissue could predict the inflammatory state. The aim of our study was to investigate a potential association between reemitted light and gastric tissue inflammation. We used two models and three multispectral analysis methods available on the marketplace. We used a mouse model of Helicobacter pylori infection and included patients undergoing gastric endoscopy. In mice, the reemitted light was measured using a spectrometer and a multispectral camera. We also exposed patient's gastric mucosa to specific wavelengths and analyzed reemitted light. In both mouse model and humans, modifications of reemitted light were observed around 560 nm, 600 nm and 640 nm, associated with the presence of gastritis lesions. These results pave the way for the development of improved endoscopes in order to detect real-time gastritis without the need of biopsies. This would allow a better prevention of gastric cancer alongside with cost efficient endoscopies.
L’estetica di Danto è davvero così generale come crede di essere? (2007)

Let us suppose that the idea of art can be expanded to embrace the whole range of man-made things, including all tools and writing in addition to the useless, beautiful, and poetic things of the world. By this view the universe of man-made things simply coincides with the history of art.George Kubler I filosofi, tradizionalmente, hanno creduto che le loro argomentazioni abbiano una validità assolutamente generale. Quando descrivono azioni, storia o conoscenza, pensano che la loro analisi si a...