gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Age and life expectancy clocks based on machine learning analysis of mouse frailty (2020)

The identification of genes and interventions that slow or reverse aging is hampered by the lack of non-invasive metrics that can predict the life expectancy of pre-clinical models. Frailty Indices (FIs) in mice are composite measures of health that are cost-effective and non-invasive, but whether they can accurately predict health and lifespan is not known. Here, mouse FIs are scored longitudinally until death and machine learning is employed to develop two clocks. A random forest regression is trained on FI components for chronological age to generate the FRIGHT (Frailty Inferred Geriatric Health Timeline) clock, a strong predictor of chronological age. A second model is trained on remaining lifespan to generate the AFRAID (Analysis of Frailty and Death) clock, which accurately predicts life expectancy and the efficacy of a lifespan-extending intervention up to a year in advance. Adoption of these clocks should accelerate the identification of longevity genes and aging interventions.
Modeling and control design of a wind tunnel model support (1990)

The 12-Foot Pressure Wind Tunnel at Ames Research Center is being restored. A major part of the restoration is the complete redesign of the aircraft model supports and their associated control systems. An accurate trajectory control servo system capable of positioning a model (with no measurable overshoot) is needed. Extremely small errors in scaled-model pitch angle can increase airline fuel costs for the final aircraft configuration by millions of dollars. In order to make a mechanism sufficiently accurate in pitch, a detailed structural and control-system model must be created and then simulated on a digital computer. The model must contain linear representations of the mechanical system, including masses, springs, and damping in order to determine system modes. Electrical components, both analog and digital, linear and nonlinear must also be simulated. The model of the entire closed-loop system must then be tuned to control the modes of the flexible model-support structure. The development of a system model, the control modal analysis, and the control-system design are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in the Chemistry of Covalent Azides (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An Exploratory Trial of EPI-589 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (EPIC-ALS): Protocol for a Multicenter, Open-Labeled, 24-Week, Single-Group Study (2022)

DERR1-10.2196/42032.
Positioning long lines: contrast versus plain radiography (2001)

Intravenous contrast should be routinely used in the assessment of long line position in the neonate.
Targeted Public Health Training for Neurosurgeons: An Essential Task for the Prioritization of Neurosurgery in the Evolving Global Health Landscape (2022)

The gap between the tremendous burden of neurological disease requiring surgical management and the limited capacity for neurosurgical care has fueled the growth of the global neurosurgical movement. It is estimated that an additional 23 300 neurosurgeons are needed to meet the burden posed by essential cases across the globe. Initiatives to increase neurosurgical capacity through systems strengthening and workforce development are key elements in correcting this deficit. Building on the growing interest in global health among neurosurgical trainees, we propose the integration of targeted public health education into neurosurgical training, in both high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries. This effort will ensure that graduates possess the fundamental skillsets and experience necessary to participate in and lead capacity-building efforts in the developing countries. This additional public health training can also help neurosurgical residents to achieve the core competencies outlined by accreditation boards, such as the Accreditation Committee on Graduate Medical Education in the United States. In this narrative review, we describe the global burden of neurosurgical disease, establish the need and role for the global neurosurgeon, and discuss pathways for implementing targeted global public health education in the field of neurosurgery.
Smart RFID label with a printed multisensor platform for environmental monitoring (2016)

LMTS
Periodically nonuniform sampling of a new class of bandpass signals (2002)

It is known that a continuous time signal x(t) with Fourier transform X(/spl nu/) band-limited to |/spl nu/|</spl Theta//2 can be reconstructed from its samples x(T/sub 0/n) with T/sub 0/=2/spl pi///spl Theta/. In the case that X(/spl nu/) consists of two bands and is band-limited to /spl nu//sub 0/<|/spl nu/|</spl nu//sub 0/+/spl Theta//2, successful reconstruction of x(t) from x(T/sub 0/n) requires that these two bands be located properly. When the two bands are not located properly, Kohlenberg (1953) showed that we can use a periodically nonuniform sampling (PNS) scheme to recover x(t). In this paper, we show that PNS scheme can be generalized and applied to a wider class. Further generalizations will be made to two-dimensional case and discrete-time case.
Scalable Byzantine-Fault-Quantifying Clock Synchronization (2003)

We present a scalable protocol for establishing bounds on clock synchronization in the presence of Byzantine faults. The worst a faulty participant can do to a correct host is cause the correct host to establish (arbitrarily) weak but correct bounds; because the correct hosts knows what those bounds are, we refer to the protocol as Byzantine-fault quantifying. Correct hosts can use the quantified bounds to inform path selection, enabling them to route around misbehaving hosts. We describe how to employ the protocol in a practical environment that makes use of Byzantine-fault tolerant replicated state machines. 2
Data from Preclinical Development and First-in-Human Study of KA2507, a Selective and Potent Inhibitor of Histone Deacetylase 6, for Patients with Refractory Solid Tumors (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Inhibition of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is predicted to deliver both direct antitumor activity and modulation of the antitumor immune response. This study describes the development of a novel HDAC6 inhibitor.&lt;/p&gt;Patients and Methods:&lt;p&gt;KA2507 was characterized in HDAC biochemical and cellular target engagement assays and in preclinical efficacy models of melanoma and colorectal cancer. In a phase I study, KA2507 was administered orally using a 3+3 dose-escalation design (NCT03008018).&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;KA2507 is a potent and selective inhibitor of HDAC6 (biochemical IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; = 2.5 nmol/L). Preclinical models demonstrated antitumor efficacy in syngeneic tumor-bearing mice, with translational studies highlighting modulation of the antitumor immune response. Twenty patients were treated in a phase I study. KA2507 was well tolerated; dose-limiting toxicity was not observed up to the maximum dose administered. Pharmacokinetic profiling supported twice-daily oral dosing. Pharmacodynamic analysis demonstrated selective HDAC6 target engagement in peripheral blood cells, free from off-target class I HDAC activity. Stable disease was the best clinical response (7 patients). Three of these patients (adenoid cystic carcinoma, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 2; rectal adenocarcinoma, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 1) had prolonged disease stabilization that lasted for 16.4, 12.6, and 9.0 months, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;KA2507 is a potent and selective inhibitor of HDAC6 showing antitumor efficacy and immune modulatory effects in preclinical models. In a phase I study, KA2507 showed selective target engagement, no significant toxicities, and prolonged disease stabilization in a subset of patients. Further clinical studies of KA2507 are warranted, as a single agent or, preferably, combined with other immuno-oncology drugs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Varying Estimates of Sepsis Mortality Using Death Certificates and Administrative Codes — United States, 1999–2014 (2016)

Sepsis is a clinical syndrome caused by a dysregulated host response to infection (1). Because there is no confirmatory diagnostic test, the diagnosis of sepsis is based on evidence of infection and clinical judgement. Both death certificates and health services utilization data (administrative claims) have been used to assess sepsis incidence and mortality, but estimates vary depending on the surveillance definition and data source. To highlight the challenges and variability associated with estimating sepsis mortality, CDC compared national estimates of sepsis-related mortality based on death certificates using the CDC WONDER database with published sepsis mortality estimates generated using administrative claims data from hospital discharges reported in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (2). During 2004-2009, using data rounded to thousands, the annual range of published sepsis-related mortality estimates based on administrative claims data was 15% to 140% higher (range = 168,000-381,000) than annual estimates generated using death certificate data (multiple causes) (range = 146,000-159,000). Differences in sepsis-related mortality reported using death certificates and administrative claims data might be explained by limitations inherent in each data source. These findings underscore the need for a reliable sepsis surveillance definition based on objective clinical data to more accurately track national sepsis trends and enable objective assessment of the impact of efforts to increase sepsis awareness and prevention.
The Need For Extraterritorial Jurisdiction in the Application of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964: Boureslan v. Aramco (1990)

The Comment concludes that the Boureslan majority adhered to the canon of statutory construction by denying Title VII application overseas in light of the absence of the requisite congressional intent. The majority properly deferred policy considerations to Congress. Although this Comment concludes that the dissent's analysis in statutory construction is technically incorrect, it emphasizes the dissent's opinion because it sets forth national and foreign policy considerations that support the need for Congress to make Title VII enforceable outside the United States.
Mimicry of an HIV broadly neutralizing antibody epitope with a synthetic glycopeptide (2020)

A goal for an HIV-1 vaccine is to overcome virus variability by inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). One key target of bnAbs is the glycan-polypeptide at the base of the envelope (Env) third variable loop (V3). We have designed and synthesized a homogeneous minimal immunogen with high-mannose glycans reflective of a native Env V3-glycan bnAb epitope (Man9-V3). V3-glycan bnAbs bound to Man9-V3 glycopeptide and native-like gp140 trimers with similar affinities. Fluorophore-labeled Man9-V3 glycopeptides bound to bnAb memory B cells and were able to be used to isolate a V3-glycan bnAb from an HIV-1–infected individual. In rhesus macaques, immunization with Man9-V3 induced V3-glycan-targeted antibodies. Thus, the Man9-V3 glycopeptide closely mimics an HIV-1 V3-glycan bnAb epitope and can be used to isolate V3-glycan bnAbs.
Biased Ligand Modulation of Seven Transmembrane Receptors (7TMRs): Functional Implications for Drug Discovery (2014)

Seven transmembrane receptors (7TMRs), also known as G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), have proven to be valuable targets for the development of therapeutics. The expansion of our understanding of 7TMR downstream signaling pathways beyond G-proteins has broadened our appreciation of the versatility of these cell surface receptors. In particular, the increased awareness of 7TMR engagement of β-arrestin signaling has opened up additional avenues for drug discovery. 7TMRs can adopt different conformations and in response to various ligands can lead to a bias in downstream signaling mechanisms when comparing the overall efficacy between G-protein and β-arrestin dependent pathways. In 2012, we organized a session at the Spring National Meeting of the American Chemical Society on biased signaling in 7TMRs.1-4 Building on that experience, we provide in this Miniperspective some examples that exemplify developments in the area of biased 7TMR signaling and highlight some cautionary notes as well as some of the exciting opportunities for drug discovery.
Titania and Titania-Silica Coatings for Titanium: Comparison of Ectopic Bone Formation within Cell-Seeded Scaffolds (2007)

The aim of this study was to compare titania (TiO(2))-coated, titania-silica (TiSi)-coated, and uncoated (cpTi) titanium fiber meshes as scaffolds for bone engineering. The scaffolds were loaded with bone marrow stromal cells and implanted subcutaneously in rats. Ectopic bone formation after 1, 4, and 12 weeks of implantation was evaluated using histology and histomorphometry. After 1 week of implantation, multiple patches of unorganized mineralizing tissue were seen in all implants. The amount of this bone-like tissue clearly increased from 1 to 4 weeks. Bone apposition occurred in direct contact with coated meshes, while a thin layer of unmineralized fibrous tissue was often observed surrounding cpTi mesh fibers. After 12 weeks, the structure of bone, with bone marrow-like tissue, was further matured and mesh fibers were embedded in lamellar bone. No statistical differences in the amount of mineralized bone were observed between scaffold types at any point of time. Only TiSi scaffolds showed further increase in bone area from 4 to 12 weeks (p < 0.01). A notable difference was that the sol-gel coatings resulted in enhanced initial bone contact and distribution of bone tissue, whereas uncoated implants showed bone formation mainly in the center of the scaffolds. In conclusion, TiO(2)-based sol-gel coatings may be used in tissue engineering to gain more uniform distribution of bone throughout titanium fiber mesh scaffolds.
Biosynthesis of dibromotyrosine-derived antimicrobial compounds by the marine sponge Aplysina fistularis (Verongia aurea) (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBiosynthesis of dibromotyrosine-derived antimicrobial compounds by the marine sponge Aplysina fistularis (Verongia aurea)Adrienne A. Tymiak and Kenneth L. Rinehart Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 22, 6763–6765Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00412a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00412a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views303Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Somatostatin controls Kaposi's sarcoma tumor growth through inhibition of angiogenesis (1999)

Somatostatin and its analogs are active in the inhibition of SST receptor-positive endocrine neoplasms, but their activity and mechanism in nonendocrine tumors is not clear. Somatostatin potently inhibited growth of a Kaposi's sarcoma xenograft in nude mice, yet in vitro the tumor cells did not express any known somatostatin receptors and were not growth inhibited by somatostatin. Histological examination revealed limited vascularization in the somatostatin-treated tumors as compared with the controls. Somatostatin was a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis in an in vivo assay. In vitro, somatostatin inhibited endothelial cell growth and invasion. Migration of monocytes, important mediators of the angiogenic cascade, was also inhibited by somatostatin. Both cells types expressed somatostatin receptor mRNAs. These data demonstrate that somatostatin is a potent antitumor angiogenesis compound directly affecting both endothelial and monocytic cells. The debated function of somatostatin in tumor treatment and the design of therapeutic protocols should be reexamined considering these data.
Overtraining Increases the Susceptibility to Infection (1991)

Recent research studies and other evidence suggest that although moderate exercise is good for the immune system, the demanding training programs of many top athletes may suppress the immune system and thereby increase susceptibility to infections. A number of top athletes have suffered from unusual infections normally associated with immune deficiency, and immune abnormalities have been demonstrated in resting samples from top athletes. Studies from several exercise laboratories have shown that after a single exhausting exercise session there is temporary immune depression, with marked changes in numbers and functional capacities of lymphocytes. These changes, which last for up to several hours, are seen in athletes and untrained individuals. In several studies in the United States, students who were very active in sports have been shown to be more susceptible to infections than their less active colleagues. Exercising hard during the incubation phase of an infection can increase the severity of the illness. This article examines the evidence, discusses possible mechanisms, and considers the implications.
Size dependent photoconductivity in CdSe nanoparticles as measured by time-resolved THz spectroscopy (2002)

The size dependent carrier dynamics in CdSe nanoparticles are consistent with carrier transport to their surface. In addition, a size dependent grouping of the photoconductivity is observed.
ChemInform Abstract: β‐Phosphorylated Cyclic Nitroxides. Part 2. Synthesis of Pyrrolidin‐ and Piperidin‐2‐yl Phosphonates and the Corresponding Stable Nitroxides. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Reference frame selection for loss-resilient texture &amp; depth map coding in multiview video conferencing (2012)

In a free-viewpoint video conferencing system, the viewer can choose any desired viewpoint of the 3D scene for observation. Rendering of images for arbitrarily chosen viewpoint can be achieved through depth-image-based rendering (DIBR), which typically employs “texture-plus-depth” video format for 3D data exchange. Robust and timely transmission of multiple texture and depth maps over bandwidth-constrained and loss-prone networks is a challenging problem. In this paper, we optimize transmission of multiview video in texture-plus-depth format over a lossy channel for free viewpoint synthesis at decoder. In particular, we construct a recursive model to estimate the distortion in synthesized view due to errors in both texture and depth maps, and formulate a rate-distortion optimization problem to select reference pictures for macroblock encoding in H.264 in a computation-efficient way, in order to provide unequal protection to different macroblocks. Results show that the proposed scheme can outperform random insertion of intra refresh blocks by up to 0.73 dB at 5% loss.
Building construction coordination by an adaptive representation of the cooperation context (2006)

In the AEC field, building construction is a complex activity, involving numerous and heterogeneous actors during relatively short periods. The methods of project management used have to adapted to this particularities of the domain. Cooperation between actors is an essential factor for project success. More particularly coordination is a key activity. There are different modes of coordination existing and adapted to the characteristics of decentralised decisions, uncertainties of the planning etc. This work suggests to assist informal and implicit coordination by the design of a dashboard tool. This tool provides the actors with indicators of the activity statement and allows them to navigate through the contextual information about the project. It enables multi-view of the cooperative context. The development is based on a model of this context focusing on cooperative processes. We describe briefly the model architecture developed. Then we details use scenarios, first step of validation of the proposition.
Selective isolation of gold facilitated by second-sphere coordination with α-cyclodextrin (2013)

Gold recovery using environmentally benign chemistry is imperative from an environmental perspective. Here we report the spontaneous assembly of a one-dimensional supramolecular complex with an extended {[K(OH₂)₆][AuBr₄](α-cyclodextrin)₂}n chain superstructure formed during the rapid co-precipitation of α-cyclodextrin and KAuBr₄ in water. This phase change is selective for this gold salt, even in the presence of other square-planar palladium and platinum complexes. From single-crystal X-ray analyses of six inclusion complexes between α-, β- and γ-cyclodextrins with KAuBr₄ and KAuCl₄, we hypothesize that a perfect match in molecular recognition between α-cyclodextrin and [AuBr₄](-) leads to a near-axial orientation of the ion with respect to the α-cyclodextrin channel, which facilitates a highly specific second-sphere coordination involving [AuBr₄](-) and [K(OH₂)₆](+) and drives the co-precipitation of the 1:2 adduct. This discovery heralds a green host-guest procedure for gold recovery from gold-bearing raw materials making use of α-cyclodextrin-an inexpensive and environmentally benign carbohydrate.