gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plant cell-directed control of virion sense gene expression in wheat dwarf virus (1999)

We have used particle bombardment (biolistics) to deliver replication-competent wheat dwarf virus (WDV)-based constructs, carrying reporter gene sequences fused to the virion sense promoter (Pv) or the CaMV 35S promoter, to suspension culture cells and immature zygotic embryos of wheat. While the replication of WDV double-stranded DNA forms (replicons) was equivalent between wheat suspension culture cells and embryos, GUS reporter gene activity was 20-40 times higher in the embryo cultures. Maximum expression of WDV replicons occurred in the embryonic axis tissue of wheat embryos but their expression in suspension cells was compromised, compared with transiently maintained input plasmid DNA containing the same sequences. From these studies, we propose that WDV replicons are subject to a host cell-controlled competency for virion sense transcription. The term competency is used to distinguish between the phenomenon described here and control of gene expression by specific transcription factors. Control of competency is independent of Pv, the replacement 35S promoter and of the complementary sense control of virion sense expression involving specific sequences in Pv. We propose that factors controlling the competency for replicon expression may be present in cells which, as well as maintaining high rates of DNA synthesis, are totipotent. Cell type control of active chromatin, methylation of specific sequences in WDV minichromosomes and/or interaction of virus-encoded proteins with specific host factors are considered as possible mechanisms.
Visual Selective Attention Toward Novel Stimuli Predicts Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients (2016)

These results suggest that novelty preference, measured by visual attention scanning technology, may reflect pathophysiological processes that could predict disease progression in the cognitively-impaired.
Tunable Photonic Microwave Filter Using a Superstructured FBG With Two Reflection Bands Having Complementary Chirps (2008)

A tunable photonic microwave bandpass filter using a superstructured fiber Bragg grating (SFBG) with two reflection bands having complementary chirps is proposed. Being different from a regular chirped FBG, which is usually fabricated using a chirped phase mask with a fixed chirp rate, the SFBG with complementary chirps is fabricated using a uniform phase mask and a chirped sampling function. The chirp rate of the sampling function can be designed to realize specific equivalent chirp rates that are complementary in the 1st-order and the 1st-order reflection bands of the SFBG. An SFBG with complementary chirps is fabricated and characterized. The use of the SFBG to implement a photonic tunable microwave filter with a negative coefficient is experimentally demonstrated.
Energy resolved spin dependent trap assisted tunneling investigation of SILC related defects (2010)

We demonstrate energy resolved spin dependent trap assisted tunneling in 1.2 nm effective oxide thickness silicon oxynitride film subject to room temperature electric field stressing. Our observations introduce a simple method to link point defect structure and energy levels in a very direct way. We obtain defect energy level resolution of SILC related defects by exploiting the enormous difference between the capacitance of the very thin dielectric and the capacitance of the depletion of the silicon. The simplicity of the technique and the robust character of the response make it, at least potentially, of widespread utility in the understanding of defects important in microelectronics.
Drafting Behind Akamai: Inferring Network Conditions Based on CDN Redirections (2009)

To enhance Web browsing experiences, content distribution networks (CDNs) move Web content ¿closer¿ to clients by caching copies of Web objects on thousands of servers worldwide. Additionally, to minimize client download times, such systems perform extensive network and server measurements and use them to redirect clients to different servers over short time scales. In this paper, we explore techniques for inferring and exploiting network measurements performed by the largest CDN, Akamai; our objective is to locate and utilize quality Internet paths <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">without</i> performing extensive path probing or monitoring. Our contributions are threefold. First, we conduct a broad measurement study of Akamai's CDN. We probe Akamai's network from 140 PlanetLab (PL) vantage points for two months. We find that Akamai redirection times, while slightly higher than advertised, are sufficiently low to be useful for network control. Second, we empirically show that Akamai redirections overwhelmingly correlate with <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">network</i> latencies on the paths between clients and the Akamai servers. Finally, we illustrate how large-scale overlay networks can exploit Akamai redirections to identify the best detouring nodes for one-hop source routing. Our research shows that in more than 50% of investigated scenarios, it is better to route through the nodes ¿recommended¿ by Akamai than to use the direct paths. Because this is not the case for the rest of the scenarios, we develop low-overhead pruning algorithms that avoid Akamai-driven paths when they are not beneficial. Because these Akamai nodes are part of a closed system, we provide a method for mapping Akamai-recommended paths to those in a generic overlay and demonstrate that these one-hop paths indeed outperform direct ones.
Experimental and numerical investigation of highly absorbing nonlinear organic chromophores (2012)

We have developed a mathematical/numerical framework based on computational transition modules and measured ultrafast laser light propagating through nonlinear materials. The numerical framework can be applied to a broad set of photo-activated materials and lasers, and can optimize photo-physical parameters in multi-photon absorbers. Two photon (TPA) processes are particularly useful in many applications including fluorescence imaging, optical data storage, micro-fabrication, and nanostructured quantum dots for optical limiters. Laser transmission measurements of the organic molecular chromophore, AF455-known TPA material-were taken with a 175 fs, &lambda;<sub>0</sub>=780nm, plane-polarized light pulses from Ti:S regenerative amplifier into a 5.1mm thick PMMA slab doped with the chromophore. The range of input energies (intensities) in this experiment was 0.01&mu;J (0.97 GW/cm<sup>2</sup>) to 25 &mu;J (2.4 x10<sup>3</sup> GW/cm<sup>2</sup>). Experiments showed that for intensities beyond several &mu;J, the material did not saturate as predicted by traditional theory. We included excited-state absorption (ESA), as demonstrated by the absorption spectrum, which still could not account for the deviation. To understand this result we used our framework to show that an unexpected/unknown higher energy level was being populated. We calculated the entire experimental curve from 0.01&mu;J (0.97 GW/cm<sup>2</sup>) to 25 &mu;J (2.4 x10<sup>3</sup> GW/cm<sup>2</sup>) and found excellent agreement with the experimental data.
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 embryonic stem cells show decreased myogenic potential, increased CpG methylation at the DMPK locus and RNA mis-splicing (2022)

Skeletal muscle tissue is severely affected in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) patients, characterised by muscle weakness, myotonia and muscle immaturity in the most severe congenital form of the disease. Previously, it was not known at what stage during myogenesis the DM1 phenotype appears. In this study we differentiated healthy and DM1 human embryonic stem cells to myoblasts and myotubes and compared their differentiation potential using a comprehensive multi-omics approach. We found myogenesis in DM1 cells to be abnormal with altered myotube generation compared to healthy cells. We did not find differentially expressed genes between DM1 and non-DM1 cell lines within the same developmental stage. However, during differentiation we observed an aberrant inflammatory response and increased CpG methylation upstream of the CTG repeat at the myoblast level and RNA mis-splicing at the myotube stage. We show that early myogenesis modelled in hESC reiterates the early developmental manifestation of DM1.
Establishing the Relationship between Complement Activation and Stimulation of Phagocyte Oxidative Metabolism in Hemodialyzed Patients: A Randomized Prospective Study (1991)

The present prospective study was conducted in order to establish the relationship between complement activation and stimulation of phagocyte oxidative metabolism observed in long-term hemodialysis (HD) patients during the early phase of dialysis with cellulosic membranes. Two groups of 10 randomized (HD) patients treated with cellulosic (Cuprophan, CUP) or synthetic polyacrilonitrile (PAN AN-69) membranes were studied. Leukocyte counts, C3a antigen plasma concentration and whole blood basal and stimulated chemiluminescence (CL) production were determined in blood samples drawn from the fistula before dialysis (T0) and from both the afferent and efferent lines of the dialyser at 15 min (T15) and at the end (Tend) of the dialysis session. This study confirms that, coincident with the nadir of leukopenia observed at T15, dialysis with CUP but not PAN membranes induces a marked rise in C3a antigen levels and profound alterations in whole blood CL production consisting of a dramatic increase in basal CL and a significant loss in CL response capacity to stimulating agents. It further demonstrates that a direct relationship exists between the variations in C3a antigen plasma levels and whole blood CL production observed in the CUP group of patients from T0 to T15 (delta 15) of dialysis. This relationship is characterized by a positive correlation between delta 15 C3a and delta 15 basal CL levels in afferent and efferent lines, and a negative correlation between delta 15 C3a and delta 15 CL response capacity values in the efferent but not afferent line. In contrast, no significant correlation with the type of dialysis membrane could be demonstrated between the variations in polymorphonuclear neutrophil counts and C3a antigen levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Mechanism of palladium(II)-catalyzed carbon-carbon double bond isomerization in olefins (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of palladium(II)-catalyzed carbon-carbon double bond isomerization in olefinsAyusman Sen and Ta Wang LaiCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1984, 23, 20, 3257–3258Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00188a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00188a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1981Altmetric-Citations85LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Latent Semantic Analysis Discriminates Children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) from Children with Typical Language Development (2019)

Computer based analyses offer a possibility for objective methods to assess semantic-linguistic quality of narratives at the text level. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether a semantic language impairment index (SELIMI) based on latent semantic analysis (LSA) can discriminate between children with developmental language disorder (DLD) and children with typical language development. Spoken narratives from 54 children with DLD and 54 age matched controls with typical language development were summarized in a semantic representation generated using LSA. A statistical model was trained to discriminate between children with DLD and children with typical language development, given the semantic vector representing each individual child's narrative. The results show that SELIMI could distinguish between children with DLD and children with typical language development significantly better than chance and thus has a potential to complement traditional analyses focussed on form or on the word level.
Design of Experiments (2010)

Abstract The statistical design of experiments is an essential ingredient of successful product development and improvement, and provides an efficient and scientific approach to obtaining meaningful information. In contrast to traditional vary one‐factor‐at‐a‐time (OFAT) experimentation, variables are changed together, permitting evaluation of interactions. Standard texts give details about the construction of specific test plans, such full and fractional factorial, and response surface designs, and the analysis of the resulting data. This article gives a brief overview. The focus here is on the fundamental elements of experimental design: defining the purpose and scope of the experiment, differentiating between alternative types of experimental variables, understanding the underlying environment and constraints, and conducting stage‐wise experimentation. Brief discussions dealing with the statistical analysis tools, multiple response variables, and some historical background are also provided.
All-optical switch based on an ultrafast nonlinear interferometer (UNI) (2002)

A 10 GHz all-optical switch based on an ultrafast nonlinear interferometer (UNI) was demonstrated and an extinction ratio of 11 dB was obtained. The UNI is composed of a traditional single-arm interferometer (SAI) and a semiconductor laser amplifier (SLA), which is used as a nonlinear component. By virtue of the structure of the SAI, long-lived refractive index nonlinearities do not affect the achievable data.
A Novel Architecture for Realizing Grid Workflow using Tuple Spaces (2005)

Grid workflow can be defined as the composition of grid application services which execute on heterogeneous and distributed resources in a well-defined order to accomplish a specific goal. Uncertainties within grid environments pose new challenges for grid workflow management systems such as lacking central control and undedicated resource sharing. In this paper, we provide a workflow enactment engine together with an XML-based workflow language (xWFL). The workflow engine supports a just in-time scheduling system, thus allowing the resource allocation decision to be made at the time of task execution and hence adapt to changing grid environments. We also show that an event-driven scheduling architecture using tuple spaces provides a highly flexible approach for executing large scale complex grid workflows.
Concentration Effects on Solvent Extraction Coefficients of Some Trivalent Metal Halides (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConcentration Effects on Solvent Extraction Coefficients of Some Trivalent Metal HalidesJerome SaldickCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1956, 60, 4, 500–501Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150538a027https://doi.org/10.1021/j150538a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views42Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Simultaneous Motion and Structure Estimation by Fusion of Inertial and Vision Data (2007)

For mobile robotics, head gear in augmented reality (AR) applications or computer vision, it is essential to continuously estimate the egomotion and the structure of the environment. This paper presents the system developed in the SmartTracking project, which simultaneously integrates visual and inertial sensors in a combined estimation scheme. The sparse structure estimation is based on the detection of corner features in the environment. From a single known starting position, the system can move into an unknown environment. The vision and inertial data are fused, and the performance of both Unscented Kalman filter and Extended Kalman filter are compared for this task. The filters are designed to handle asynchronous input from visual and inertial sensors, which typically operate at different and possibly varying rates. Additionally, a bank of Extended Kalman filters, one per corner feature, is used to estimate the position and the quality of structure points and to include them into the structure estimation process. The system is demonstrated on a mobile robot executing known motions, such that the estimation of the egomotion in an unknown environment can be compared to ground truth.
Asymmetric formal synthesis of schulzeines A and C (2012)

The asymmetric formal synthesis of schulzeines A and C is described. Key features of the synthesis include the efficient and stereoselective construction of the benzoquinolizidine skeleton via the aza-Claisen rearrangement-induced ring expansion of the 1-vinyl-N-glycyl-isoquinoline, which was prepared by the highly enantioselective asymmetric allylation of the 8-benzyloxy-substituted dihydroisoquinoline and by the acid-catalyzed transannulation of the resulting 10-membered lactam.
Energy and Power Aware Computing Through Management of Computational Entropy (2008)

With the increasing importance of computing in portable and other embedded settings, the power and energy consumed by computation has become an important consideration driving research in computer engineering and science. Historically, the study of power and energy have roots in the field of thermodynamics. The innovations that we propose in this work aim to develop a mechanism for designing algorithms that are power (energy) aware by directly working with their thermodynamic properties, as opposed to the traditional approaches wherein algorithm design is concerned with measures such as their running time, and space consumed. Overall, our research scope was to innovate energy aware algorithms, novel semiconductor circuits, methodology and models for energy aware algorithm design by the application of thermodynamics and randomization toward algorithm and semiconductor design and analysis. As a result of this research work, we innovated probabilistic CMOS or PCMOS technology, as a promising approach to addressing the CMOS device scaling challenges and as a dramatic shift from previous work. Devices based on this technology, where noise is harnessed as a resource to implement CMOS devices exhibiting probabilistic behavior, are guaranteed to compute correctly with a probability p. Additionally, this work also characterized an explicit relationship between the probability p with which the CMOS switch computes correctly, and its associated physical attributes such as the energy consumed by each switching step across technology generations. We extended the above characterizations into PCMOS laws governing the behavior of such devices and switching. There laws were also validated across various technology generations via simulations as well as physical measurements of PCMOS inverters.
Systematic DNA-binding domain classification of transcription factors. (2004)

Based on the manual annotation of transcription factors stored in the TRANSFAC database, we developed a library of hidden Markov models (HMM) to represent their DNA-binding domains and used it for a comprehensive classification. The models constructed were applied on the UniProt/Swiss-Prot database, leading to a systematic classification of further DNA-binding protein entries. The HMM library obtained can be used to classify any newly discovered transcription factor according to its DNA-binding domain and, thus, to generate hypotheses about its DNA-binding specificity.
(T, U) mapping matrices: properties and applications in permutation decoding (2002)

Properties of mapping matrices which define the connection of the /spl gamma/-type error patterns in different domains are presented. Using their properties, we can define the capability of the s-step (T, U) permutation decoding method. These properties can also be extended to other permutation decoding methods which use the elements other than p (the characteristic of GF(q)) as multipliers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Characterization of a feline sarcoma virus-coded antigen (FOCMA-S) by radioimmunoassay. (1978)

A radioimmunoassay has been developed that detects a unique antigen encoded by the genome of the feline sarcoma virus (FeSV). Pseudotype viral particles containing an FeSV-specific polyprotein (p85) were used both as a source of antigen and to prepare specific antisera in rabbits. Because p85 contains antigens related to two structural proteins (p15 and p12) of feline leukemia virus (FeLV), antibodies directed to these were adsorbed with purified FeLV proteins. The adsorbed rabbit antiserum bound to antigenic determinants (designated FOCMA-S) which are also present in p85 and reacted specifically in immunofluorescence tests with rat cells transformed by FeSV and with FOCMA-positive cat lymphoid tumor cells. Competition assays detect FOCMA-S in pseudotype type C viruses rescued from FeSV-transformed mink and rat cells but not in heterologous type C helper viruses or in FeLV. A crossreactive antigen was also detected in pseudotypes of Kirsten sarcoma virus. The assay permits the quantitative measurement of an FeSV-coded protein whose expression is associated with viral transformation.
Diffusion and Consensus in a Weakly Coupled Network of Networks (2021)

We study diffusion and consensus dynamics in a network of networks model. In this model, there is a collection of subnetworks, connected to one another using a small number of links. We consider a setting where the links between networks have small weights, or are used less frequently than links within each subnetwork. Using spectral perturbation theory, we analyze the diffusion rate and convergence rate of the investigated systems. Our analysis shows that the first-order approximation of the diffusion and convergence rates is independent of the topologies of the individual graphs; the rates depend only on the number of nodes in each graph and the topology of the connecting edges. The second-order analysis shows a relationship between the diffusion and convergence rates and the information centrality of the connecting nodes within each subnetwork. We further highlight these theoretical results through numerical examples.