gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Size Effects in Nanomaterials and Their Use in Creating Architectured Structural Metamaterials (2015)

With the increasing use of nanotechnology, mechanical properties of nano-sized crystals with different initial microstructures are being had been actively investigated. Especially, the size effects on mechanical properties, especially strength and toughness, have attracted significant interest since those would be the most important parameters for the design of mechanically reliable devices such as micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). For the past decade, the small-scale mechanical testing community has unraveled the fundamental mechanisms that govern the size effects in mechanical behavior, and the present time is just around the corner to turning toward a scalable engineered structures consisting of nanoscale components, a scalable three-dimensional architecture metamaterials where our knowledge on small-scale plasticity should be incorporated. This chapter overviews some of the size effects that arise in the mechanical behavior of materials at small length scales and then discusses how these nanomechanical effects can be applied towards the fabrication of useful structural m.
Asymmetric Hydrogenation of 2- and 2,3-Substituted Quinoxalines with Chiral Cationic Ruthenium Diamine Catalysts (2011)

The enantioselective hydrogenation of 2-alkyl- and 2-aryl-subsituted quinoxalines and 2,3-disubstituted quinoxalines was developed by using the cationic Ru(η(6)-cymene)(monosulfonylated diamine)(BArF) system in high yields with up to 99% ee. The counteranion was found to be critically important for the high enantioselectivity and/or diastereoselectivity.
Real-Time Artifact-Free Image Upscaling (2011)

The problem of creating artifact-free upscaled images appearing sharp and natural to the human observer is probably more interesting and less trivial than it may appear. The solution to the problem, often referred to also as "single-image super-resolution," is related both to the statistical relationship between low-resolution and high-resolution image sampling and to the human perception of image quality. In many practical applications, simple linear or cubic interpolation algorithms are applied for this task, but the results obtained are not really satisfactory, being affected by relevant artifacts like blurring and jaggies. Several methods have been proposed to obtain better results, involving simple heuristics, edge modeling, or statistical learning. The most powerful ones, however, present a high computational complexity and are not suitable for real-time applications, while fast methods, even if edge adaptive, are not able to provide artifacts-free images. In this paper, we describe a new upscaling method (iterative curvature-based interpolation) based on a two-step grid filling and an iterative correction of the interpolated pixels obtained by minimizing an objective function depending on the second-order directional derivatives of the image intensity. We show that the constraints used to derive the function are related with those applied in another well-known interpolation method, providing good results but computationally heavy (i.e., new edge-directed interpolation (NEDI). The high quality of the images enlarged with the new method is demonstrated with objective and subjective tests, while the computation time is reduced of one to two orders of magnitude with respect to NEDI so that we were able, using a graphics processing unit implementation based on the nVidia Compute Unified Device Architecture technology, to obtain real-time performances.
A Promising Diagnostic Tool to Measure Interphase Properties (2019)

International audience
Bovine adenovirus type 3 virions cannot be rescuedin vivoafter full-length viral genome transfection in the absence of detectable polypeptide IX (2017)

Bovine adenovirus type 3 (BAdV3) is being used in the development of potential vehicles for gene therapy and vectored vaccine. To that end, a more comprehensive description of BAdV3 biology is essential. In this study, we focused on the role of pIX in BAdV3 virion rescue after full-length BAdV3 genome transfection. Initially, pIX deletion or initiation codon mutation abolished the production of progeny virions, which suggested that pIX was essential for the rescue of BAdV3 containing a full-length genome. Moreover, through transfection of a panel of pIX mutant BAdV3 genomes, we observed that the conserved N-terminus and the putative leucine zipper element (PLZP) were essential for virion rescue, whereas the C-terminus following the coiled-coil domain was non-essential. In addition, swap of the PLZP element and its following region of BAdV3 pIX to corresponding domains of human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV5) did not affect virion production, whereas swap of the entire pIX abolished production of progeny virions. We suggest that failure of the full-length BAdV3 pIX swap might be due to species specificity of its N-terminus region before the PLZP element.
Homopolyrotaxanes and Homopolyrotaxane Networks of PEO (2005)

In order to identify the optimum size of macrocrown ether for threading, we first investigated the size and shape of simple crown ethers in the melt at 373 K, and their extent of threading with PEO in the melt using coarse-grained Monte Carlo simulations on the 2nnd (second nearest neighbor diamond) lattice, which is a high coordination lattice whose coarse-grained chains can be reverse mapped into fully atomistic models in continuous space.
PLASMA-ENHANCED SURFACE MODIFICATION OF LOW LINEAR-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE CATHETERS (2001)

Modification of the surface chemistry, topography, and frictional characteristics of medical-grade low linear-density polyethylene catheters with various plasma chemistries was accomplished in a radio-frequency (RF) vacuum chamber. Two different types of plasma treatments were examined. For surface texturing and chemistry modification, the catheters were treated with either He or CF 4 gases for 0.5–60 min at RF power in the range of 30–1000 W and working pressure between 0.2 and 2 Torr. For grafting of a low friction film, the catheters were exposed to pure Ar plasma at 400 W for 2 min (surface cleaning) and then to CH 4 , CH 4 / CF 4 , or H 2 / CF 4 plasmas at power of 250–550 W and working pressure of 0.2–0.8 Torr for 10–60 min (surface modification). The effects of the different plasma treatments on the surface texture, chemical behavior, and friction characteristics of the catheters are discussed in light of results obtained from contact surface profilometry, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, contact angle measurements, infrared spectroscopy, and friction experiments. The findings of this study demonstrate that surface crosslinking and grafting of desirable functional groups by RF plasma treatment is an effective low-temperature surface modification technique for polymeric medical devices.
Induction of Host Matrix Metalloproteinases byBorrelia burgdorferiDiffers in Human and Murine Lyme Arthritis (2004)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are induced from host tissues in response to Borrelia burgdorferi. Upregulation of MMPs may play a role in the dissemination of the organism through extracellular matrix tissues, but it can also result in destructive pathology. Although mice are a well-accepted model for Lyme arthritis, there are significant differences compared to human disease. We sought to determine whether MMP expression could account for some of these differences. MMP expression patterns following B. burgdorferi infection were analyzed in primary human chondrocytes, synovial fluid samples from patients with Lyme arthritis, and cartilage tissue from Lyme arthritis-susceptible and -resistant mice by using a gene array, real-time PCR, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunohistochemistry. B. burgdorferi infection significantly induced transcription of MMP-1, -3, -13, and -19 from primary human chondrocyte cells. Transcription of MMP-10 and tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease 1 was increased with B. burgdorferi infection, but protein expression was only minimally increased. The synovial fluid levels of MMPs from patients with high and low spirochete burdens were consistent with results seen in the in vitro studies. B. burgdorferi-susceptible C3H/HeN mice infected with B. burgdorferi showed induction of MMP-3 and MMP-19 but no other MMP or tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease. As determined by immunohistochemistry, MMP-3 expression was increased only in chondrocytes near the articular surface. The levels of MMPs were significantly lower in the more Lyme arthritis-resistant BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Differences between human and murine Lyme arthritis may be related to the lack of induction of collagenases, such MMP-1 and MMP-13, in mouse joints.
US-Korea Collaborative Research for Bridge Monitoring Testbeds (2008)

This paper presents the current status of a USKorea collaborative research on bridge health monitoring testbeds. The objective of the project is to integrate and validate cutting-edge sensors and structural health monitoring methods under development for monitoring the long-term performance and structural integrity of highway bridges. Emerging sensors and monitoring technologies are investigated such as: (1) reference-free local damage detection using mode conversion of polarized piezoelectric ceramic sensors, (2) piezoelectric paint sensors offering a blending of the high piezoelectric activity of the organiz synthetic polymer, (3) wireless active sensor nodes for local damage detection based on electromechanical impedance measurement, (4) elastomagnetic (EM) sensors to estimate the tensile stress state of cables, tendons, or reinforcement bar, (5) wireless sensor networks for economical health monitoring without labor-intensive tethering works, (6) robust vibration-based global monitoring using deflections obtained from modal flexibility, (7) vision-based bridge deflection measurement using a commercial low-cost camcorder with high fidelity, and (8) bridge rating based on system identification technique using ambient vibration measurement without blocking the passing traffic. As to the testbeds, three bridges on the test road by the Korea Expressway Corporation (KEC) are under investigation as in Figure 1. They are of different structural types as a PC box-girder bridge, a steel box-girder bridge, and a steel plate-girder bridge as in Figure 2 (Lee et al., 2004). The traffic on the test road section may be controlled, so that tests on the bridges may be carried out with the ordinary traffic or the calibrated traffic loads. Currently, basic facilities including internet lines have been constructed on the testbeds, and the participants carried out the preliminary tests by connecting their own measurement and monitoring systems in the local area network environment at the bridge site. The participants can access and control their measurement systems by using Remote Desktop in Windows XP through internet. In addition to these three highway bridges, a cable-supported bridge is going to be selected as the fourth testbed structure for this study in the near future. Researchers interested in this testbed are encouraged to join in the collaborative research. Figure 1. KEC test-road with three bridges (a) Geumdang (b) Yondai (c) Samseung Figure 2. Three test-road bridges
On control of multiagent formations through local interactions (2016)

We recently showed for multiagent systems with first-order agent dynamics how information exchange rules represented by a network having multiple layers (multiplex information networks) can be designed for enabling spatially evolving multiagent formations. In this paper, we generalize our earlier results for multiagent systems with general linear dynamics. Specifically, we utilize multiplex information networks for formation density control of multiagent systems. The proposed approach allows capable agents to spatially alter density of the resulting formation while tracking a target of interest - without requiring global information exchange ability, and hence, through local interactions. We provide an illustrative numerical example to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed distributed control architecture.
Pluggable personal data servers (2010)

An increasing amount of personal data is automatically gathered on servers by administrations, hospitals and private companies while several security surveys highlight the failure of database servers to keep confidential data really private. The advent of powerful secure tokens, combining the security of smart card microcontrollers with the storage capacity of NAND Flash chips, introduces a credible alternative to the systematic centralization of personal data. By embedding a full-fledged database server in such device, an individual can now store her personal data in her own secure token, kept under her control, and never disclose in clear her private data to the outside untrusted world. This demonstration shows the benefit of the proposed approach in terms of privacy protection and pervasiveness through a healthcare scenario. This scenario is extracted from a field experiment where medical folders embedded in secure tokens are used to improve the coordination of medical care at home for elderly people. The demonstration also highlights interesting features of the embedded DBMS engine introduced to tackle the secure token's strong hardware constraints.
Constituents of Trichilia hispida (Meliaceae). 4. Hispidols A and B, two new tirucallane triterpenoids (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConstituents of Trichilia hispida (Meliaceae). 4. Hispidols A and B, two new tirucallane triterpenoidsShivanand D. Jolad, Joseph J. Hoffmann, Karl H. Schram, Jack R. Cole, Michael S. Tempesta, and Robert B. BatesCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 20, 4085–4088Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00333a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00333a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views276Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optimal ilio-sacral screw trajectory in paediatric patients : a computed tomography study (2021)

Pelvic fixation during procedures performed to treat spinal deformities in paediatric patients remains challenging. No computed tomography studies in paediatric have assessed the optimal trajectory of ilio- sacral screws to prevent screw malposition. We used pelvic computed tomography from 80 children divided into four groups : females <10 and ≥10 years and males <10 and ≥10 years. A secure triangular corridor parallel to the upper S1 endplate was delineated based on three fixed landmarks. The optimal screw insertion angle was subtended by the horizontal and the line bisecting the secure corridor. Student's t test was applied to determine whether the optimal screw insertion angle and/or anatomical parameters were associated with age and/or sex. Mean optimal angle was 32.3°±3.6°, 33.8°±4.7°, 30.2°±5.0°, and 30.4°±4.7° in the younger females, younger males, older females, and older males, respectively. The mean optimal angle differed between the two age groups (p=0.004) but not between females and males (p=0.55). Optimal mean screw length was 73.4±9.9 mm. Anatomical spinal canal parameters in the transverse plane varied with age (p=0.02) and with sex in the older children (p=0.008), and those in the sagittal plane varied with sex (p=0.04). Age affected ilio-sacral screw positioning, whereas sex did not. Several anatomical spinal canal parameters varied with age and sex. These results should help to ensure safe and easy ilio-sacral screw placement within a secure corridor.
A Computational Study of the Hemodynamics After “Edge-to-Edge” Mitral Valve Repair (2001)

Edge-to-edge mitral valve repair consists in suturing the free edge of the leaflets to re-establish coaptation in prolapsing valves. The leaflets are frequently sutured at the middle and a double orifice valve is created. In order to study the hemodynamic implications, a parametric model of the left heart has been developed. Different valve areas and shapes have been investigated. Results show that the simplified Bernoulli formula provides a good estimation of the pressure drop and that the pressure drop may be predicted on the basis of the pre-operative geometric and hemodynamics data by means of customized models.
Radio frequency identification queuing & geo-location (RAQGEO): a spatial solution to inventory management at XYZ Logistics, Inc. (2015)

New supply chain management methods using radio frequency identification (RFID) and global positioning system (GPS) technology are quickly being adopted by companies as various inventory management benefits are being realized. For example, companies such as Nippon Yusen Kaisha (NYK) Logistics use the technology coupled with geospatial support systems for distributors to quickly find and manage freight containers. Traditional supply chain management methods require pen-to-paper reporting, searching inventory on foot, and human data entry. Some companies that prioritize supply chain management have not adopted the new technology, because they may feel that their traditional methods save the company expenses. ? This thesis serves as a pilot study that examines how information technology (IT) utilizing RFID and GPS technology can serve to increase workplace productivity, decrease human labor associated with inventorying, plus be used for spatial analysis by management. This pilot study represents the first attempt to couple RFID technology with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in supply chain management efforts to analyze and locate mobile assets by exploring costs and benefits of implementation plus how the technology can be employed. ? This pilot study identified a candidate to implement a new inventory management method as XYZ Logistics, Inc. XYZ Logistics, Inc. is a fictitious company but represents a factual corporation. The name has been changed to provide the company with anonymity and to not disclose confidential business information. XYZ Logistics, Inc., is a nation-wide company that specializes in providing space solutions for customers including portable offices, storage containers, and customizable buildings.
Characterization of Frequency-Dependent Responses of the Vascular System to Repetitive Vibration (2010)

Exposure to vibration frequencies that induce the greatest stress and strain on the tail (ie, >100 Hz) result in vascular changes indicative of dysfunction.
Pituitary–ovarian function in women with minimal or mild endometriosis and otherwise unexplained infertility (1992)

Pituitary-ovarian dysfunction appears to be associated with minimal or mild endometriosis in women with otherwise unexplained infertility but the diversity of endocrine abnormalities demonstrated suggests that endometriosis is unlikely to be an aetiological factor in their development.
Rational design of hierarchically porous Fe-N-doped carbon as efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction and Zn-air batteries (2021)

The rational design and construction of hierarchically porous nanostructure for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts is crucial to facilitate the exposure of accessible active sites and promote the mass/electron transfer under the gas-solid-liquid triple-phase condition. Herein, an ingenious method through the pyrolysis of creative polyvinylimidazole coordination with Zn/Fe salt precursors is developed to fabricate hierarchically porous Fe-N-doped carbon framework as efficient ORR electrocatalyst. The volatilization of Zn species combined with the nanoscale Kirkendall effect of Fe dopants during the pyrolysis build the hierarchical micro-, meso-, and macroporous nanostructure with a high specific surface area (1,586 m2·g−1), which provide sufficient exposed active sites and multiscale mass/charge transport channels. The optimized electrocatalyst exhibits superior ORR activity and robust stability in both alkaline and acidic electrolytes. The Zn-air battery fabricated by such attractive electrocatalyst as air cathode displays a higher peak power density than that of Pt/C-based Zn-air battery, suggesting the great potential of this electrocatalyst for Zn-air batteries.
Crowdsampling the Plenoptic Function (2020)

Many popular tourist landmarks are captured in a multitude of online, public photos. These photos represent a sparse and unstructured sampling of the plenoptic function for a particular scene. In this paper,we present a new approach to novel view synthesis under time-varying illumination from such data. Our approach builds on the recent multi-plane image (MPI) format for representing local light fields under fixed viewing conditions. We introduce a new DeepMPI representation, motivated by observations on the sparsity structure of the plenoptic function, that allows for real-time synthesis of photorealistic views that are continuous in both space and across changes in lighting. Our method can synthesize the same compelling parallax and view-dependent effects as previous MPI methods, while simultaneously interpolating along changes in reflectance and illumination with time. We show how to learn a model of these effects in an unsupervised way from an unstructured collection of photos without temporal registration, demonstrating significant improvements over recent work in neural rendering. More information can be found crowdsampling.io.
Kinetics of Protein Complex Dissociation Studied by Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange and Mass Spectrometry (2015)

The growing importance of protein aggregation diseases requires the development of new methods to elucidate the molecular features that are responsible for the incipient protein-protein interactions. Kinetic information from protein-protein association/dissociation reactions is particularly valuable for revealing mechanistic insight, but robust tools that can provide this information are somewhat lacking. In this work, we describe a hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX)-based method that provides rate constant information for protein oligomer dissociation, using the well-studied β-lactoglobulin (βLG) dimer as a model system to validate our approach. By measuring the rate of exchange at different regions of the protein using top-down tandem mass spectrometry and fitting the resulting data to an appropriate mathematical model, we are able to extract the dimer's dissociation rate constant. We exploit the fact that regions of the protein that are part of the protein-protein interface have exchange patterns that are distinct from noninterfacial regions. This observation indicates that the HDX/MS method not only provides kinetic information but also could provide structural insight about the interface at the same time, which would be very valuable for previously uncharacterized protein-protein complexes.