gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Serum sonic hedgehog (SHH) and interleukin-(IL-6) as dual prognostic biomarkers in progressive metastatic breast cancer (2017)

Serum from one hundred and ten breast cancer patients and thirty healthy female volunteers, were prospectively collected and evaluated for serum levels of Shh and IL-6 using human Shh and IL-6 specific enzyme-linked immunoassays. All patients were regularly monitored for event free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). Overall outcome analysis was based on serum Shh and IL-6 levels. In patients with progressive metastatic BC, both serum Shh and IL-6 concentrations were elevated in 44% (29 of 65) and 63% (41 of 65) of patients, respectively, at a statistically significant level [Shh (p = 0.0001) and IL-6 (p = 0.0001)] compared to the low levels in healthy volunteers. Serum levels tended to increase with metastatic progression and lymph node positivity. High serum Shh and IL-6 levels were associated with poor EFS and OS opposite to the negative or lower levels in serum Shh and IL-6. The elevated levels of both serum Shh and IL-6 were mainly observed in BC patients who had a significantly higher risk of early recurrence and bone metastasis, and associated with a worse survival for patients with progressive metastatic BC. Further studies are warranted for validating these biomarkers as prognostic tools in a larger patient cohort and in a longer follow-up study.
THz Bipolar Transistor Circuits: Technical Feasibility, Technology Development, Integrated Circuit Results (2008)

We examine the feasibility of developing bipolar transistors with current-gain and power-gain cutoff frequencies of 1-3 THz. High bandwidths are obtained by scaling; the critical limits to such scaling are the requirements that the current density increase in proportion to the square of bandwidth and that the metal-semiconductor contact resistivities vary as the inverse square of device bandwidth. Transistors with 755 GHz f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> and 324 GHz amplifiers have been demonstrated. Contacts with resistivity sufficient for the 64 nm scaling generation (1 THz f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">tau</sub> 2 THz f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> ) have been developed.
New Method for the Detection of Bacterial Translocation Using Intestinal Permeability with Polyethylene Glycol 4000 (2000)

LPS stimulation enhanced intestinal permeability in a dose-dependent manner. An increase in intestinal permeability was correlated with the incidence of BT. Blood PEG4000 levels correlated positively with the grade of invasion and the incidence of BT.
Workshop Introduction and Organizers (2007)

System interoperability is a well known issue, especially for heterogeneous information systems, where ontology- based representations may support automatic and user- transparent integration. In this paper we present X-SOM: an ontology mapping and integration tool. The contribution of our tool is a modular and extensible architecture that automatically combines several matching techniques by means of a neural network, performing also ontology debugging to avoid inconsistencies. Besides describing the tool components, we discuss the prototype implementation, which has been tested against the OAEI 2006 benchmark with promising results.
Trajectory Optimization for Multiple Vehicles Using a Reduced Order Formulation (2005)

Different methods of optimizing terrain following and terrain masking trajectories have been investigated as an extension of earlier reduced order formulations. This paper examines simultaneous control of two aircraft maneuvering in the same terrain section, including cases where the coordinated arrivals at a given target are desired. In all cases, both vehicles are flying at a constant velocity. Two forms of the equations of motion are investigated – a simplified form and a local tangent plane set. In addition, the trajectories are optimized with respect to two different criteria – a minimum time case and a terrain masking case.
Physical embodiments for mobile communication agents (2005)

This paper describes a physically embodied and animated user interface to an interactive call handling agent, consisting of a small wireless animatronic device in the form of a squirrel, bunny, or parrot. A software tool creates movement primitives, composes these primitives into complex behaviors, and triggers these behaviors dynamically at state changes in the conversational agent's finite state machine. Gaze and gestural cues from the animatronics alert both the user and co-located third parties of incoming phone calls, and data suggests that such alerting is less intrusive than conventional telephones.
A Study of Rail Pressure Variation for Various Fuel Injectors on a Simple Rail Design Over the Engine Operation Range (2004)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The pressure variation in the fuel supply system due to injector firing and other system inputs has been widely discussed in SI engine technology. It can affect engine calibration, performance and compliance to emission standards through its effect on fuel distribution between the cylinders. It can also generate mechanical noise and vibration that may be annoying to the occupants of the vehicle. Much discussion has focused both on modeling this condition and on ways to alleviate the problem through the use of damping devices. This study presents topographical maps of fuel pressure variation over the engine operation range for a simple non-damped rail with a variety of injectors. The injectors tested are manufactured by different companies and have different flow rates.&lt;/div&gt;
A Cold Heat Transfer Tunnel for Gas Turbine Research on an Annular Cascade (1993)

The Oxford University Blowdown Tunnel has been substantially modified to test a large annular cascade of high pressure nozzle guide vanes (mean blade diameter of 1.11 m and axial chord of 0.0673 m). The new transonic facility has been constructed to obtain complete contours of heat transfer coefficient for both the end walls and blade surfaces using the transient liquid crystal technique, to measure pressure distributions and losses, and to study fundamental aspects of boundary layers and secondary flows. The facility allows an independent variation of Reynolds and Mach numbers, providing aerodynamic and heat transfer measurements in the region of interest for gas turbine design. The mass flow rate through the cascade at NGV design conditions (exit Mach number 0.96 and Reynolds number 2.0 × 106) is 38 kg/s and the pressure-regulated test duration exceeds 7 seconds.
Lumbar Disc Degeneration and Atherosclerosis of the Abdominal Aorta (1994)

Atherosclerosis in the abdominal aorta and especially stenosis of the ostia of segmental arteries may play a part in lumbar disc degeneration.
Perche Il Movimento 5 Stelle non ha sfondato a Milano? Un’analisi strutturale a scala metropolitana (2019)

In the aftermath of the 2018 general election results, several scholars have remarked on the inability of the Five Star Movement to increase its vote in Milan. While the role of demographic and socio-economic factors has been highlighted, little attention has been dedicated to understanding the complex role of spatial dynamics. This paper aims to contribute to the existing literature by inquiring about the relationship between support for the Five Star Movement and the characteristics of urban space in Milan. Following the longstanding debate in urban sociology, we recognise the importance of investigating this question beyond the borders of the central municipality. We overcome the problematic nature of standard approaches by analysing the entire Functional Urban Area of Milan as defined by the Oecd, using a new set of areas. Adopting an ecological approach, we define our spatial units in such a way that they have a sociological meaning and embrace the characteristics of the local population which actually voted at a specific polling station. We regress support for the Five Star Movement in each electoral district on a range of demographic, socio-economic and spatial variables. The results show that more disadvantaged districts beyond Milan’s municipal borders have a strong propensity towards supporting the Five Star Movement. Many of these areas were negatively affected by the economic crisis of 2008 and continue to experience severe difficulties. They are not places of extreme marginality, but may be described as «disenfranchised» areas with many unsatisfied needs that are largely ignored by the traditional parties.
Intrusive Vibration Sand Monitoring System for Heavy Oil and the Laboratory Evaluation (2013)

Sand production is a serious problem nowadays during the exploitation of oil wells. The mainly research of sand production is focus on the mechanism of sand production and sand prediction, which cant monitor sand production continually and effectively. So a sand monitoring system is needed. The sand monitoring methods mainly contain ultrasonic method and electrical resistant method,but they both have limitations. An intrusive surface vibration sand monitoring system can collect high-frequency vibration signal caused by sand impact using acceleration sensor and then the signal is analyzed in time-domain and frequency domain through special computer software. The system simulates the signal signature of the crude oil in different sand content, velocity of flow and oil temperature under laboratory conditions. The tests show clearly that the s system can perceive the changes in the conditions of fluid.
The relationship of apolipoprotein B and very low density lipoprotein triglyceride with hyperuricemia and gout (2014)

Increased VLDL Tg is associated with the risk of gout compared to HU. A genetic approach should be taken to investigate the possibility for causality of VLDL in gout. Apolipoprotein B may have pleiotropic effects in determining HU and gout.
Endothelin and Isoproterenol Counter-Regulate cAMP and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (1998)

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and cAMP are important components of the intracellular signaling pathways. We studied the effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and isoproterenol (ISO) on the intracellular cAMP level in human pericardial smooth-muscle cells and investigated how these two ligands regulate the activity of MAPK (p42/p44 MAPK). ET-1 or ET-3 alone did not exhibit any effect on the cAMP level in these cells. In contrast, ISO at 10 microM caused a 12-fold increase in the accumulation of cAMP (370 +/- 70 pmol/ml vs. 31 +/- 5 pmol/ml). Addition of ET-1 attenuated ISO-stimulated cAMP accumulation by 50% in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 0.12 nM. ET-3 was 100-fold less potent (IC50 = 15 nM). The attenuating effect of ET-1 was completely blocked by 1 microM FR139317, suggesting that the effect is primarily mediated by the ETA receptor. In serum-deprived cells, the basal MAPK activity was low (0.07 +/- 0.01 nmoles Pi/mg/min). Addition of 10 nM ET-1 stimulated MAPK 15-fold within 5 min at 37 degrees C (1.08 +/- 0.02 nmoles Pi/mg/min). ISO alone (10 microM) had no significant effect on MAPK. However, ISO markedly attenuated ET-1-stimulated MAPK activity; a approximately 50% decrease in MAPK activity was observed in the presence of 10 microM ISO. Similar results were obtained when forskolin was tested. The effects of ISO and forskolin on attenuating ET-1-stimulated MAPK activity could be reversed by treating cells with H89, an inhibitor of protein kinase A. These results show that ET-1 partially attenuated the accumulation of cAMP induced by ISO, and that ISO attenuated the MAPK activity induced by ET-1, possibly via activation of protein kinase A. This study suggests that counter-regulation among various ligands and cross-talk among different signaling pathways may be required to modulate biologic functions in a living cell.
A network meta-analysis of the efficacy of belatacept, cyclosporine and tacrolimus for immunosuppression therapy in adult renal transplant recipients (2014)

Belatacept is a first in-class co-stimulation blocker developed for primary maintenance immunosuppression following renal transplantation. The objective of this study was to estimate the efficacy of belatacept relative to tacrolimus and cyclosporine among adults receiving a single kidney transplant. A systematic review was conducted of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published between January 1990 and December 2013 using EMBASE, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and unpublished study reports from two belatacept RCTs. Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) methods were used to compare the efficacy measures, mortality, graft loss, acute rejection and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Heterogeneity was quantified using statistical metrics and potential sources were evaluated using meta-regression and subgroup analysis. A total of 28 RCTs comparing tacrolimus with cyclosporine, and three comparing belatacept with cyclosporine, were identified. All three agents provided comparable graft and patient survival, despite a higher risk of acute rejection associated with belatacept and cyclosporine. Belatacept was associated with significant improvement in GFR versus cyclosporine. Compared with tacrolimus, this difference was clinically meaningful yet statistically non-significant. The probability of being the best treatment was highest for belatacept for graft survival (68%), patient survival (97%) and renal function (89%), and highest for tacrolimus for acute rejection (99%).Variability in donor, recipient, and trial characteristics was present in the included RCTs; however, minimal statistical heterogeneity was detected in the analysis of acute rejection, graft or patient survival, and none of the characteristics were found to be significantly associated with relative effect. Although the direction of effect of immunosuppressants on GFR was consistent across RCTs, precise estimation of its magnitude was limited by a small number of RCTs and heterogeneity in relative effect sizes. Clinicians often seek an alternative to CNIs due to their nephrotoxic effects. The results of this indirect comparison indicate that belatacept is an effective immunosuppressive agent in renal transplantation among adults.
Optimal Medical Therapy With or Without Percutaneous Coronary Intervention to Reduce Ischemic Burden (2008)

In COURAGE patients who underwent serial MPS, adding PCI to OMT resulted in greater reduction in ischemia compared with OMT alone. Our findings suggest a treatment target of > or = 5% ischemia reduction with OMT with or without coronary revascularization.
Effect of pressure on viscosity at high shear rates by using an injection molding machine (2015)

The difficulties in performing accurate measurements of the effect of pressure on the viscosity of the polymeric materials results in a shortage of relevant experimental data in the literature. In this work, an atactic polystyrene has been characterized to determine the effect of pressure on viscosity during the injection molding process. In particular, the nozzle of the injection molding machine has been modified to host a slit rheometer that allows obtaining in-line rheological measurements by means of two pressure transducers. Slits with two different geometries have been adopted, in order to obtain a wide range of shear rates (102-105 s−1). Experiments have been conducted at increasing injection flow rates, corresponding to different shear rates. By analyzing the measured pressures it has been possible to determine the coefficient β, which describes the effect of pressure on viscosity. Results show that the effect of pressure on viscosity decreases on increasing the shear rate until a plateau is reached at very high shear rates.
Thermal characterization of surface-micromachined silicon nitride membranes for thermal infrared detectors (1997)

The aim of this work is to provide a thorough thermal characterization of membrane structures intended for thermal infrared detector arrays. The fabrication has been conducted at temperatures below 400/spl deg/C to allow future post processing onto existing CMOS readout circuitry. Our choices of membrane material and processing technique were plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposited silicon nitride (SiN) and surface micromachining, respectively. The characterization gave for the thermal conductance (G) and thermal mass between the membrane and its surroundings 1.8/spl middot/10/sup -7/ W/K and 1.7/spl middot/10/sup -9/ J/K, respectively, which are close to the best reported values elsewhere. From these results the thermal conductivity and specific heat of SiN were extracted as 4.5/spl plusmn/0.7 W/m.K and 1500/spl plusmn/230 J/kg.K. The contribution to G from different heat transfer mechanisms are estimated. A model describing the pressure dependence of G was developed and verified experimentally in the pressure interval [5/spl middot/10/sup -3/, 1000] mbar. Finally, the influence of the thermal properties of the membrane on infrared detector performance is discussed.
Fault-Tolerant Consensus Tracking Control for Linear Multiagent Systems Under Switching Directed Network (2019)

In this paper, for linear leader-follower networks with multiple heterogeneous actuator faults, including partial loss of effectiveness fault and actuator bias fault, a cooperative fault-tolerant control (CFTC) approach is developed. Assume that the interaction network topology among all nodes is a switching directed graph. To address the difficulty of designing the distributed compensation control laws under the time-varying asymmetrical network structure, a novel distributed-reference-observer-based fault-tolerant tracking control approach is established, under which the global tracking errors are proved to be asymptotically convergent in the presence of actuator failures. First, by constructing a group of distributed reference observers based on neighborhood state information, all followers can estimate the leader's state trajectories directly. Second, a decentralized adaptive fault-tolerant tracking controller via local estimation is designed to achieve the global synchronization. Furthermore, the reliable coordination problem under switching directed topology with intermittent communications is solved by utilizing the presented CFTC approach. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed coordination control protocol is illustrated by its applications to a networked aircraft system.
A new power circuit topology for energy router (2014)

A new power circuit topology for energy router is presented in this paper. The new topology employs modular multilevel converter with three-level sub-modules, so less submodules are needed to achieve the same high voltage level compared with two-level sub-modules based modular multilevel converter. The new topology provides high voltage AC port, high voltage DC port, low voltage DC port and low voltage AC port in a single device. Meanwhile, it realizes voltage transformation, galvanic isolation, and good power quality.
Predicting Matchups and Preferences in Context (2016)

We present a general probabilistic framework for predicting the outcome of pairwise matchups (e.g. two-player sport matches) and pairwise preferences (e.g. product preferences), both of which have widespread applications ranging from matchmaking in computer games to recommendation in e-commerce. Unlike existing models for these tasks, our model not only learns representations of the items in a more expressive latent vector space, but also models how context modifies matchup and preference outcomes. For example, the context "weather" may alter the winning probability in a tennis match, or the fact that the user is on a mobile device may alter his preferences among restaurants. More generally, the model is capable of handling any symmetric game/comparison problem that can be described by vectorized player/item and game/context features. We provide a comprehensive evaluation of its predictive performance with real datasets from both domains to show its ability to predict preference and game outcomes more accurately than existing models. Furthermore, we demonstrate on synthetic datasets the expressiveness of the model when compared against theoretical limits.
The Development of Deformation Textures Described by an Orientation Flow Field (1986)

The mean orientation change δg of crystals of the orientation g in a polycrystalline material due to plastic deformation can be described (under certain assumptions) by an orientation flow field δg ( g ) = dη ·ν( g ) where dη is the absolute value of a small deformation step. The flow field ν( g ) is a vector field in the orientation space g = { φ 1 , Φ, φ 2 } which must obey a continuity equation. The flow field describes the texture changes due to plastic deformation. The components of the flow vector, as a function of the orientation g , can be represented in terms of a series expansion which must obey certain symmetry conditions. As an example, the flow field calculated according to the Taylor theory for {111}〈110〉 glide was calculated in 5‐degree steps in the orientation space.
A novel kanamycin/G418 resistance marker for direct selection of transformants in Escherichia coli and different yeast species (2009)

We have developed a set of cloning vectors possessing a modified Tn903 kanamycin resistance gene that enables the selection of both kanamycin-resistant transformants in Escherichia coli and G418-resistant transformants in the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Hansenula polymorpha and Pichia pastoris. Expression of this gene in yeast is controlled by the H. polymorpha glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter, while expression in E. coli is governed by an upstream E. coli lacZ promoter. Applicability of the vectors for gene disruption in H. polymorpha and S. cerevisiae was demonstrated by inactivation of the HpMAL1 and URA3 genes, respectively. One of the vectors possesses a H. polymorpha ARS allowing plasmid maintenance in an episomal state. The small size of the vectors (2-2.5 kb) makes them convenient for routine DNA cloning. In addition, we report a novel approach for construction of gene disruption cassettes.
Identifying DQ-Domain Admittance Models of a 2.3-MVA Commercial Grid-Following Inverter via Frequency-Domain and Time-Domain Data (2020)

In this paper, we present two methods to identify the admittance of a 2.3-MVA commercial grid-following inverter through frequency-domain data and time-domain data. In addition to the well-known harmonic injection method to obtain the admittance at frequency points followed by vector fitting, we adopt a step response-based method where the step response data of the converter are collected and their s-domain expressions are obtained. In turn, the s-domain admittance model of the converter is found. The two methods can be used for cross validation. Step responses and frequency-domain responses obtained from the two methods are compared. Results show that the time-domain data-based method leads to an admittance comparable with that from the frequency-domain measurement in the range less than 60 Hz. In addition, two insights are obtained from the frequency-domain admittance measurements. First, when the dq-frame is aligned to the point of common coupling (PCC) voltage, the per unit DQ-domain admittance directly reflects operating conditions. Second, existence of negative-sequence control can be detected via sequence-domain admittances.
Preface (2014)

International Conference on Power Engineering-2013 (ICOPE-2013) was held in Wuhan, China on from Oct. 23rd to 27th, 2013, which was organized by