gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modulation of the molecular arrangement in artificial and biological membranes by phospholipid-shelled microbubbles (2016)

The transfer of material from phospholipid-coated microbubbles to cell membranes has been hypothesized to play a role in ultrasound-mediated drug delivery. In this study, we employed quantitative fluorescence microscopy techniques to investigate this phenomenon in both artificial and biological membrane bilayers in an acoustofluidic system. The results of the present study provide strong evidence for the transfer of material from microbubble coatings into cell membranes. Our results indicate that transfer of phospholipids alters the organization of molecules in cell membranes, specifically the lipid ordering or packing, which is known to be a key determinant of membrane mechanical properties, protein dynamics, and permeability. We further show that polyethylene-glycol, used in many clinical microbubble formulations, also has a major impact on both membrane lipid ordering and the extent of lipid transfer, and that this occurs even in the absence of ultrasound exposure.
Significance of Carcinoma in Situ and Dysplasia in Association with Bladder Cancer (1985)

Cystectomy specimens of 118 transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder were analyzed by step-sectioning. The carcinoma in situ and dysplasia adjacent to and remote from the visible bladder cancer were correlated with the tumor configuration on cystoscopy, and grade and stage of the disease. Results showed that a combination of papillary and nodular carcinomas in a single bladder was associated with a high incidence of mucosal involvement. Moreover, more than 50 per cent of all grade 3 carcinomas were associated with carcinoma in situ and dysplasia adjacent to and remote from the visible tumors. Carcinoma in situ and dysplasia were not related to the stage of disease. For management of bladder cancer, it appears important to assess the gross configuration of tumors by cystophotography and to determine the grade of tumors by biopsy, because mucosal involvement was found to be correlated closely with the tumor configuration and grade 3 disease.
Address margins of 512*512 independent sustain and address AC plasma displays (2003)

The authors consider ISA (independent sustain and address) as an alternative to standard XY AC plasma displays. It requires no manufacturing process changes and inherently provides for a reduction by a factor of two in the number of required address drivers. The remaining address drivers can themselves be open-drain-type output devices of much smaller size than the normal address drivers since they do not have to supply the high sustain currents. It is shown that the address margins achieved by using the ISA addressing mechanism are very wide. Current address margins of 33-50% of the address amplitude indicate that the ISA technology is already very practical. These margins will relax the tolerances required on the electronics used for standard XY panels and make the panel-to-panel variations in the operational space much less of a concern.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Tunable chromatic dispersion and dispersion slope compensator using a planar lightwave circuit lattice-form filter (2008)

A tunable chromatic dispersion and dispersion slope compensator is proposed that has a single lattice-form filter configuration. Wavelength dependence is intentionally added to its tunable couplers, which produces dispersion slope compensation in addition to the dispersion compensation. Dispersion tunability of +/- 500 ps/nm and a slope of -4.9 ps/nm(2) over 40 GHz are successfully demonstrated, thus meeting the requirement for 40 Gbits/s differential quadrature phase shift keying transmission with an 80 km long nonzero dispersion-shifted fiber.
Adaptive AC current sensor using two opposite bias magnetic circuits with two tandem fiber Bragg gratings (2017)

A self-adaptive ac current sensor based on two opposite bias magnetic circuits and two cascaded fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) is successfully demonstrated. Adaptive ac current detection is achieved by the magnetic circuit design where the two FBGs are engineered to have differential spectral responses to the current and are installed side-by-side at almost the same location. The sensitivity of 11.4 mV/A is achieved.
Lectures on Technology for Ammonium phosphates Lesson 7: Ammonium phosphate production using pipe reactor slurry granulation process (2000)

This lesson expounds the use of concentrated phosphoric acid in pipe reactor slurry granulation technology to produce MAP, DAP and NPK fertilizer, namely SA Cros preneutralizerpipe reactor mixed scheme, ERTESPINDESA single pipe reactor process and AZF dual pipe reactor process. At the same time, the Minifos pressure reactor scheme producing powdery MAP and Norsk Hydro pressure reactor scheme producing granular DAP are also introduced.
Implementing time-critical functionalities with a distributed adaptive container architecture (2016)

Software developers increasingly need to include time-critical functionalities in their Web applications. Examples of these can be Internet-of-Things (IoT), gaming systems, instant messaging, video conferencing, and similar. Ensuring the Quality of Service (QoS) for such applications has been a challenging issue mostly due to runtime variations in the network quality between the clients and the service running in the Cloud. In this paper, we propose an adaptive multi-instance container-based architecture called Autonomous Self-Adaptation Platform (ASAP) that applies an edge computing concept with technologies, such as Docker and Kubernetes to facilitate the desired QoS for every single usage event of the time-critical functionality. We use a "File Upload" use case as an example to explore time-critical functionality. Each time a client needs to use the File Upload functionality, a specific setup, physical host selection and resources allocation is made in order to provide the desired QoS to that functionality.
On realizations of least-squares estimation and Kalman filtering by systolic arrays (1986)

Least-squares (LS) estimation is a basic operation in many signal processing problems. Given y = Ax + v, where A is a m x n coefficient matrix, y is a m x 1 observation vector, and v is a m x 1 zero mean white noise vector, a simple least-squares solution is finding the estimated vector x which minimizes the norm of /Ax-y/. It is well known that for an ill-conditioned matrix A, solving least-squares problems by orthogonal triangular (QR) decomposition and back substitution has robust numerical properties under finite word length effect since 2-norm is preserved. Many fast algorithms have been proposed and applied to systolic arrays. Gentleman-Kung (1981) first presented the trianglular systolic array for a basic Givens reduction. McWhirter (1983) used this array structure to find the least-squares estimation errors. Then by geometric approach, several different systolic array realizations of the recursive least-squares estimation algorithms of Lee et al (1981) were derived by Kalson-Yao (1985). Basic QR decomposition algorithms are considered in this paper and it is found that under a one-row time updating situation, the Householder transformation degenerates to a simple Givens reduction. Next, an improved least-squares estimation algorithm is derived by considering a modified version of fast Givens reduction. From this approach, the basic relationship between Givens reduction and Modified-Gram-Schmidt transformation can easily be understood. This improved algorithm also has simpler computational and inter-cell connection complexities while compared with other known least-squares algorithms and is more realistic for systolic array implementation.
Association between rotavirus infection and pancreatic islet autoimmunity in children at risk of developing type 1 diabetes. (2000)

Pancreatic islet autoimmunity leading to type 1 diabetes could be triggered by viruses in genetically susceptible individuals. Rotavirus (RV), the most common cause of childhood gastroenteritis, contains peptide sequences highly similar to T-cell epitopes in the islet autoantigens GAD and tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (IA-2), suggesting T-cells to RV could trigger islet autoimmunity by molecular mimicry. We therefore sought an association between RV infection and islet autoantibody markers in children at risk for diabetes who were followed from birth. There was a specific and highly significant association between RV seroconversion and increases in any of these antibodies: 86% of antibodies to IA-2, 62% to insulin, and 50% to GAD first appeared or increased with increases in RV IgG or IgA. RV infection may therefore trigger or exacerbate islet autoimmunity in genetically susceptible children.
IGF‐independent effects of insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐5 ( Igfbp5) in vivo (2009)

IGF activity is regulated tightly by a family of IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). IGFBP‐5 is the most conserved of these and is up‐regulated significantly during differentiation of several key lineages and in some cancers. The function of IGFBP‐5 in these physiological and pathological situations is unclear, however, several IGFBP‐5 sequence motifs and studies in vitro suggest IGF‐independent actions. Therefore, we aimed to compare the phenotypes of mice overexpressing wild‐type Igfbp5 or an N‐terminal mutant Igfbp5 with negligible IGF binding affinity. Both significantly inhibited growth, even at low expression levels. Even though wild‐type IGFBP‐5 severely disrupted the IGF axis, we found no evidence for interaction of mutant IGFBP‐5 with the IGF system. Further, overexpression of wildtype IGFBP‐5 rescued the lethal phenotype induced by “excess” IGF‐II in type 2 receptor‐null mice;mutant IGFBP‐5 overexpression could not. Therefore, wildtype IGFBP‐5 provides a very effective mechanism for the inhibition of IGF activity and a powerful in vivo mechanism to inhibit IGF activity in pathologies such as cancer. This study is also the first to suggest significant IGF‐independent actions for IGFBP‐5 during development.— Tripathi, G., Salih, D. A. M., Drozd, A. C., Cosgrove, R. A., Cobb, L. J., Pell, J. M. IGF‐independent effects of insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐5 ( Igfbp5) in vivo . FASEBJ. 23, 2616–2626 (2009)
El cerebro como máquina para aprender, recordar y olvidar (2009)

El cerebro es el órgano responsable de dos grandes habilidades, pensar y actuar, las cuales requieren de la capacidad de aprender y de recordar la información adquirida. El gran avance de las Neurociencias en los últimos años ha permitido conocer algunos de los mecanismos que subyacen a estos procesos, pero quedan aún muchos aspectos por descubrir. Se conoce la estructura neuronal y muchos de los mecanismos de comunicación entre neuronas y se han identificado algunas estructuras relacionadas con la elaboración y almacenamiento de los diferentes tipos de memoria. Esto ha animado al desarrollo de fármacos que puedan incidir positivamente sobre estos procesos. La ciencia ficción por un lado, y la presión mediática por el otro, han hecho que perduren algunas leyendas acerca de las extraordinarias capacidades del sistema nervioso: desde aceptar que el cerebro es como un ordenador a pensar que es de una estructura plástica con capacidades prácticamente ilimitadas.
ChemInform Abstract: COMPETITIVE CYCLIZATION OF SINGLET AND TRIPLET NITRENES. PART IV. THE CYCLIZATION OF ARYL 2‐AZIDOARYL SULFIDES (1977)

Abstract Die Produktbildung bei der Thermolyse und Photolyse des Azido‐Sulfids (I) wird untersucht.
Identification of a public CDR3 motif and a biased utilization of T-cell receptor V beta and J beta chains in HLA-A2/Melan-A-specific T-cell clonotypes of melanoma patients (2009)

Contrary to what observed for public anti-Melan-A T-cell receptor alpha motifs, which had been identified in several clonotypes of both melanoma patients and healthy controls, the unexpectedly high contribution of a public TRB motif in the recognition of a dominant melanoma epitope in melanoma patients may provide important information about the biology of anti-tumor T-cell responses and improve monitoring strategies of anti-tumor vaccines.
Changes in Plasma Adiponectin, IL-6, TNF-α and Free Fatty Acid Concentrations in Obese Japanese Men (2015)

The risk of developing metabolic syndrome, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and hyperlipidemia increases with obesity, and an elevated visceral fat content has been associated with a higher incidence of metabolic risk factors. We investigated differences in IL-6 (Interleukin-6), TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), adiponectin and FFA (free fatty acid) levels in obese and non-obese Japanese men. Five obese men (BMI: 32.4±4.9 kg/m) and five non-obese men (BMI: 23.2±2.9 kg/m 2 ) participated in this study.IL-6 levels were significantly higher in obese than in non-obese subjects, whereas no significant differences were observed in TNF-α, adiponectin, or FFA levels. These results suggested that IL-6 levels may be affected more by obesity in Japanese men than TNF-α and adiponectin levels, which may, in turn, influence the pathophysiology of obesity in Japanese individuals. Short Communication Sato et al.; BJMMR, 7(2): 131-137, 2015; Article no.BJMMR.2015.316 132
<title>PC-based real-time defect imaging system for high-speed web inspection</title> (1993)

PC-based inspection systems for wide web materials have been unable to effectively image fine defects as they are detected. The amount of data produced by highly parallel video inspection cameras can exceed 400 MBytes/sec. The system described in this paper is capable of analyzing and displaying a detected image within seconds of the even using a single frame grabber and a 386 computer. The system can operate at processing speeds of greater than 400 MBytes/sec since it makes use of a novel post processing algorithm within the camera itself. The video cameras are based on TDI (Time Delay and Integration) technology to provide high grey scale resolution at high data rates and low light levels. The system has an adjustable resolution ranging from 2000 to 24,000 pixels per line scanned. The scanning rate is adjustable to a maximum of 20,000 line scans per second.
Technical Note—On Hu's Decomposition Algorithm for Shortest Paths in a Network (1971)

Hu and Torres have proposed a decomposition algorithm for finding the shortest paths between all pairs of nodes in a sparse network in which subnetworks are linearly overlapped. The purpose of this note is to point out how the efficiency of this algorithm can be improved by making a modification.
P403 Advancing Sexual Harassment Prevention and Elimination in the Sciences: ‘Every …health organization must do something similar.’ (2021)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Sexual harassment is pervasive in science. A 2018 report by the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine found that the prevalence of sexual harassment in academia in the United States is 58%. The objective of this manuscript is to describe an activity held at an international scientific congress, which was designed to advance sexual harassment prevention and elimination, and to provide a model for other scientific communities with similar goals. <h3>Methods</h3> A description of the plenary and key components as well as the data collection and analysis of selected outcomes are provided. <h3>Results</h3> Among 1,338 congress participants from 61 countries, 526 (39%) attended the #MeToo plenary session and the majority engaged in some way during the plenary session. Engagement included standing for the pledge (85%), engaging in the question and answer session (n=5), seeking counseling (n=3), and/or providing written post-it comments (n=96). The post-it comments were sorted into 14 themes within 6 domains including: (1) emotional responses, (2) barriers to speaking out, (3) public health priorities, (4) reframing narratives about the issue, (5) allyship, and (6) moving the issue forward. Respondents to a post-congress survey (N=388, 24% of all attendees) ranked the plenary as the number one plenary among 14 plenaries provided at the congress. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Scientific organizations, agencies, and institutions have an important role to play in setting norms and changing enabling policies towards a zero-tolerance culture of sexual harassment. The activity presented offers a model, which may be applicable to any scientific community seeking to advance sexual harassment prevention and empower binary and non-binary persons at risk for harassment, discrimination, and violence. The outcomes suggested that the plenary successfully engaged participants and had meaningful and measurable impact on the participants.
Dendritic cell dysregulation during HIV‐1 infection (2013)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are a diverse subset of innate immune cells that are key regulators of the host response to human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection. HIV-1 directly and indirectly modulates DC function to hinder the formation of effective antiviral immunity and fuel immune activation. This review focuses upon the differential dysregulation of myeloid DCs (mDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) at various stages of HIV-1 infection providing insights into pathogenesis. HIV-1 evades innate immune sensing by mDCs resulting in suboptimal maturation, lending to poor generation of antiviral adaptive responses and contributing to T-regulatory cell (Treg) development. Dependent upon the stage of HIV-1 infection, mDC function is altered in response to Toll-like receptor ligands, which further hinders adaptive immunity and limits feasibility of therapeutic vaccine strategies. pDC interactions with HIV-1 are pleotropic, modulating immune responses on an axis between immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive. pDCs promote immune activation through an altered phenotype of persistent type I interferon secretion and weak antigen presentation capacity. Conversely, HIV-1 stimulates secretion of indolemine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) by pDCs resulting in Treg induction. An improved understanding of the roles and underlying mechanisms of DC dysfunction will be valuable to the development of therapeutics to enhance HIV-specific adaptive responses and to dampen immune activation.
Fluorogold Induces Persistent Neurological Deficits and Circling Behavior in Mice Over-Expressing Human Mutant Tau (2009)

An increasing number of applications use nanospecie-fluorescent labeling technology; however, no established guidelines are available to warrant their safety for potential clinical use. Here, rTg4510 transgenic mice and their littermate controls were injected with fluorogold, a nanospecie tracer, or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) targeted to the right amygdala. No significant abnormal behavior was detected in any mice injected with PBS. After fluorogold injection, however, rTg4510 mice displayed persistent left-sided neurological deficits and left circling behavior for up to 14 days post-injection, while control mice demonstrated a transient syndrome. Mortality occurred only in rTg4510 mice and statistically significant differences appeared independent of age. An immunofluorescent study revealed TUNEL positive cells that were heavily and extensively distributed in the periamygdalar region that overlapped with the fluorogold deposit region in rTg4510 mice, whereas control mice showed only sporadic distribution of TUNEL-positive cells. Co-localization of TUNEL and caspase-3 active peptide immunoreactivity was identified in a subset of the cells, indicating an involvement of caspase-dependent apoptotic mechanisms. In conclusion, fluorogold induces damage in the central nervous system most noticeably in mice over-expressing human mutant tau.
1393 Beyond CCR8 key epitopes targeting dynamic CCR8 conformational states and a diversity of monoclonal antibodies to modulate the tumor microenvironment for the treatment of cancers (2022)

<h3>Background</h3> Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 8 (CCR8) belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family. Based on the transcriptional landscape of tumor infiltrating T regulatory cells, it has been found that CCR8 positive tumor infiltrating T regulatory cells (TITR) were highly immune suppressive and defined as a specific signature molecule. Generation of functional antibodies against integral membrane proteins such as the G-protein coupled receptor CCR8 is technically challenging for several reasons, including the coverage of epitope diversity related to transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation CCR8 transmembrane protein and its dynamic conformational according to activation cellular state or immunosuppressive cell subsets. <h3>Methods</h3> Domain Therapeutics has generated wide monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) libraries targeting a diversity of separate and non-overlapping CCR8 epitopes. Using different sources of native CCR8 positive cell subsets, distinct mAbs cellular reactivity profile has been also determined. Using different approaches (BRET, ELISA, FCM, …), mAb activities were characterized in binding and several functional assays, including the inhibition of different G-proteins and B-arrestin 2 recruitment. A deep molecular and pharmacological characterization of each mAb was also performed by taking account the kinetic exposure and the nature of targeted CCR8 ligand. Some experiments were also conducted mimicking the tumor microenvironment conditions. <h3>Results</h3> A panel of antibodies targeting human CCR8 was successfully generated. A wide diversity related to targeted epitopes was obtained, combined with high affinity binding properties. The requirement to target, or not, selective posttranslational modifications (PTM) was also documented to trigger the highest inhibition level of CCR8 signaling. In parallel, treatment of tumor-bearing mice with cell-depleting anti-CCR8 antibody indeed eradicated established tumors with induction of potent tumor-specific effector/memory T cells. Thus, specific depletion of clonally expanding tumor Tregs is clinically instrumental for evoking effective tumor immunity without autoimmune adverse effects. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Due to the high and relatively specific expression of CCR8 on tumor infiltrating Tregs, CCR8 represents an attractive immunotherapeutic target. Up to date, targeting selective CCR8 epitopes mimicking dynamic conformational CCR8 stage according to CCR8 positive cell subset or activation cellular state will be a key issue and differentiate therapeutic approach for the TME modulation in the treatment of cancer. Moreover, the use of depleting anti-CCR8 mAb with enhanced cytotoxic activity (i.e., ADCC, CDC, ADCP) can also reduce the number of CCR8 immune suppressive cells in a tumor.
The Design of the Multivariable Exact Model Matching Control System by Using Markov Parameters of the Plant (1990)

The exact model matching control (EMM) system is a simple and effective control method for a linear multivariable plant when all the parameters are known.
Perchlorate removal via IRON‐PRELOADED GAC and BOROHYDRIDE REGENERATION (2002)

Tailored granular activated carbon (GAC) can reduce groundwater perchlorate levels from 60–80 μg/L to below detection. Specifically, rapid small‐scale column tests, also called RSSCTs, showed that by preloading GAC with iron–oxalic acid, the GAC adsorption capacity could be improved up to 42%. When the preloaded GAC became saturated with perchlorate, 65–74% of the GAC's original adsorption capacity could be restored by chemically regenerating the GAC with sodium borohydride. This chemical regeneration could be achieved with the use of a small fraction of the water that had been processed during the water treatment cycle. The waste stream from chemical regeneration contained concentrated perchlorate levels as high as 7,000–15,000 μg/L. With this approach, the simulations described in this article indicated that when two tailored GAC beds were operated in series with a 40‐min empty‐bed contact time, they could provide water treatment service for 60–75 days during the first operations cycle; following chemical regeneration, the GAC beds could provide about an additional 30–40 days of water service for several successive treatment and regeneration cycles.