gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distributed control of multi-agent systems with major agents and Markov parameters (2011)

In this paper, we investigate distributed control of the multi-agent systems with a major agent and a large number of minor agents in Markovian environment, where agents are coupled by the quadratic tracking indices with random parameters. The major agent has salient impact on others. Each minor agent merely has tiny influence, while the average effect of all the minor agents is not negligible, which plays a significant role in the evolution and performance index of each agent. Besides the state of the major agent, each minor agent can only access to the information of its state and parameters. Based on the mean field theory, a set of distributed control laws is designed. By the probability limit theory, the uniform stability of the closed-loop systems and the upper bound of the corresponding index values are obtained.
Synthesis of N-Substituted 4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)piperidines, 4-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)piperidines, and (±)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)pyrrolidines:  Selective Antagonists at the 1a/2B NMDA Receptor Subtype (2000)

Antagonists at the 1A/2B subtype of the NMDA receptor (NR1A/2B) are typically small molecules that consist of a 4-benzyl- or a 4-phenylpiperidine with an omega-phenylalkyl substituent on the heterocyclic nitrogen. Many of these antagonists, for example ifenprodil (1), incorporate a 4-hydroxy substituent on the omega-phenyl group. In this study, the position of this 4-hydroxy substituent was transferred from the omega-phenyl group to the benzyl or phenyl group located on the 4-position of the piperidine ring. Analogues incorporating pyrrolidine in lieu of piperidine were also prepared. Electrical recordings using cloned receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes show that high-potency antagonists at the NR1A/2B subtype are obtained employing N-(omega-phenylalkyl)-substituted 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)piperidine, 4-(4-hydroxybenzyl)piperidine, and (+/-)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyrrolidine as exemplified by 21 (IC(50) = 0.022 microM), 33 (IC(50) = 0.059 microM), and 40 (IC(50) = 0.017 microM), respectively. These high-potency antagonists are >1000 times more potent at the NR1A/2B subtype than at either the NR1A/2A or NR1A/2C subtypes. The binding affinities of 21 at alpha(1)-adrenergic receptors ([(3)H]prazosin, IC(50) = 0.54 microM) and dopamine D2 receptors ([(3)H]raclopride, IC(50) = 1.2 microM) are reduced by incorporating a hydroxy group onto the 4-position of the piperidine ring and the beta-carbon of the N-alkyl spacer to give (+/-)-27: IC(50) NR1A/2B, 0.026; alpha(1), 14; D2, 105 microM. The high-potency phenolic antagonist 21 and its low-potency O-methylated analogue 18 are both potent anticonvulsants in a mouse maximal electroshock-induced seizure (MES) study (ED(50) (iv) = 0.23 and 0.56 mg/kg, respectively). These data indicate that such compounds penetrate the blood-brain barrier but their MES activity may not be related to NMDA receptor antagonism.
Development of a structure integrated pneumatic cable cylinder robot executing a jump-hit motion (2017)

Humanoid robots must execute situation-adaptive whole-body dynamic movements to protect humans. However, design of such robots have been unclear. Thus, our aim is to clarifying a design method of a robot executing a jump-hit motion representing these movements. For such a robot, we developed a light, high power and large stroke pneumatic actuation system equipped with a cable cylinder integrated in a link structure and made of custom-made plastic parts. We developed an arm robot, a leg robot, and an arm-equipped legged robot with this system and evaluated their physical performance. In experiments, the developed robot executed different jump-hit motions against a ball flying from the different directions.
Time-Domain Green's Function-Based Parametric Sensitivity Analysis of Multiconductor Transmission Lines (2012)

We present a new parametric macromodeling technique for lossy and dispersive multiconductor transmission lines. This technique can handle multiple design parameters, such as substrate or geometrical layout features, and provide time-domain sensitivity information for voltages and currents at the ports of the lines. It is derived from the dyadic Green's function of the 1-D wave propagation problem. The rational nature of the Green's function permits the generation of a time-domain macromodel for the computation of transient voltage and current sensitivities with respect to both electrical and physical parameters, completely avoiding similarity transformation, and it is suited to generate state-space models and synthesize equivalent circuits, which can be easily embedded into conventional SPICE–like solvers. Parametric macromodels that provide sensitivity information are well suited for design space exploration, design optimization, and crosstalk analysis. Two numerical examples validate the proposed approach in both frequency and time-domain.
STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF RED KIDNEY BEAN á-AMYLASE INHIBITOR IMPORTANT IN BINDING WITH á-AMYLASE (1984)

The structural features of the glycoprotein α-amylase inhibitor from red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) important for binding to α-amylase were examined. The inhibitor contained 13.0% carbohydrate. The carbohydrate portion of the inhibitor is composed of 25 mannose, 2 xylose, 1 fucose and 17 N-cetylglucosamine residues per mol. Seventy (70) percent of the neutral carbohydrates were removed from the inhibitor by treatment with endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase H. The carbohydrate remaining attached to the protein consisted of 7 mannose, 2 xylose, and 1 fucose residues (N-acetylogucosamine was not determined). The intact glyco chains obtained from the pronase digest of the inhibitor failed to inhibit β-amylase (3.3 times 105 fold molar excess of glyco chains to enzyme) when preincubated with the enzyme at 30°C for 30 min at pH 6.9 before adding starch as substrate. Oxidation of one tryptophan residue of the α-amylase inhibitor with N-bromosuccinimide at pH 6.0 led to a 50% loss in inhibitory activity. Periodate oxidation of α-amylase inhibitor led to less of two tyrosine and one methionine residues per mole of inhibitor within 15 min. There was not a direct correlation between modification of these residues and loss of inhibitory activity. Modification of three of the five histidine residues with diethylpyrocarbonate resulted in about 50% loss in inhibitory activity.
Preclinical Development of an Anti-NaPi2b (SLC34A2) Antibody–Drug Conjugate as a Therapeutic for Non–Small Cell Lung and Ovarian Cancers (2015)

Overall, our preclinical results suggest that the ADC targeting NaPi2b provides an effective new therapy for the treatment of NSCLC and ovarian cancer and is currently undergoing clinical developments.
QUANTIFICATION OF THE PERFORMANCE OF MONO- AND BI-PLANAR 3D FLUOROSCOPY COMPARED TO MARKER-BASED RSA (2011)

Accurate knowledge of joint kinematics is fundamental for research and clinical purposes. Radiologic based joint kinematic estimation technique have been recently used to study intact joint in-vivo kinematics. Bi-planar methods are more accurate but expensive and invasive, while mono-planar ones are less reliable but more suitable for the clinical practice. The present work is a comparison of mono- and bi-planar fluoroscopic methods using the marker based Roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis as gold-standard. Five repetitions of a simulated walking task with bone phantoms were analyzed. The dominant source of error for the bi-planar method was the longitudinal symmetry of the bones. The mono-planar technique was limited in the estimation of the out-of-plane pose parameters, but as good as bi-planar for the in-plane pose parameters. With error of the order of the millimeter and the degree, mono-planar fluoroscopy could be sufficient for clinical analysis, provided that it relies upon the most reliable information and avoiding the out-of-plane transaltion.
Experimental Investigation and Simulation of Silicon Droplets Formation during SiC CVD Epitaxial Growth (2005)

Mechanisms and consequences of silicon vapor condensation during SiC epitaxial growth or implant annealing with silane overpressure were investigated. The model for the silicon liquid droplets formation in the gas phase and their deposition on the surface of the SiC substrate was developed. The droplet formation dependence on the silane flow rate, temperature profile in the reactor, and the local temperature variations introduced by the wafer carrier and SiC substrate were investigated.
Clozapine reduces infiltration into the CNS by targeting migration in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (2020)

Taken together, our study indicates that clozapine protects against EAE by two different mechanisms; first, by reducing the chemoattractant proteins in the CNS; and second, by direct targeting the migration potential of peripheral immune cells.
A Phase II Trial of Everolimus in Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Refractory or Intolerant to Platinum-Containing Chemotherapy (NECTOR Trial) (2020)

The efficacy of everolimus was limited in patients with unresectable pancreatic NEC.
RF array system equalization and true time delay with FPGA hardware-in-the-loop (2016)

In practice, beamforming accuracy and channel pair cancellation (i.e. low-rank adaptive beamforming) are not always improved with digital beamforming due to channel mismatches between elements. As a result, optimal beamforming performance gain will not be achieved unless these errors are accounted for. This paper describes an equalization process that corrects the phase and amplitude variations across a digital array while simultaneously beamforming. A hardware-in-the-loop setup running in real-time implements the necessary corrections with an adaptively updated digital filter. Simulation and preliminary measured results of an FPGA-based beamforming system are discussed.
Optimizing the automatic test generation by SAT and SMT solving for Boolean expressions (2011)

Recent advances in propositional satisfiability (SAT) and Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) solvers are increasingly rendering SAT and SMT-based automatic test generation an attractive alternative to traditional algorithmic test generation methods. The use of SAT/SMT solvers is particularly appealing when testing Boolean expressions: These tools are able to deal with constraints over the models, generate compact test suites, and they support fault-based test generation methods. However, these solvers normally require more time and greater amount of memory than classical test generation algorithms, limiting their applicability. In this paper we propose several ways to optimize the process of test generation and we compare several SAT/SMT solvers and propositional transformation rules. These optimizations promise to make SAT/SMT-based techniques as efficient as standard methods for testing purposes, especially when dealing with Boolean expressions, as proved by our experiments.
Electron Energy Distribution Function and Rate Coefficients in Field Emission-Driven Townsend Discharge Regime (2017)

Electron energy distribution function (EEDF) and rate coefficients for various collisions are essential for understanding the fundamental behavior of plasmas and plasma-chemical processes. Commonly, EEDFs and rate coefficients are calculated and measured based on the parameter of reduced electric field. In this paper, one-dimensional kinetic and analytic models have been developed for direct current microplasmas in the field emission-driven Townsend discharge regime. Results show that when the mean free path is comparable with the characteristic length of the discharge, the EEDFs is comprised of two components – a highly collisional component reflecting Maxwellian-like behavior and non-collisional, ballistic component. The former one depends on the reduced electric field, while the later one is only a function of the applied voltage. This breaks the conventional scaling based on the reduced field and provides new scaling in the field emission-driven Townsend discharge regime, offering new potential for controlling plasma-driven chemistry at small scales.
An integrated system for source language checking, analysis and term management (2003)

This paper presents an overview of the tools provided by KANTOO MT system for controlled source language checking, source text analysis, and terminology management. The steps in each process are described, and screen images are provided to illustrate the system architecture and example tool interfaces. 1
Prevalence of Breast Cancer Survivors Among Canadian Women (2022)

With an overall prevalence of 2% among Canadian women, breast cancer survivors represent an increasing segment of the working-age and elderly populations.
Predicting Permissive Mutations That Improve the Fitness of A(H1N1)pdm09 Viruses Bearing the H275Y Neuraminidase Substitution (2022)

Oseltamivir-resistant influenza viruses arise due to amino acid mutations in key residues of the viral neuraminidase (NA). These changes often come at a fitness cost; however, it is known that permissive mutations in the viral NA can overcome this cost. This result was observed in former seasonal A(H1N1) viruses in 2007 which expressed the H275Y substitution (N1 numbering) with no apparent fitness cost and lead to widespread oseltamivir resistance. Therefore, this study aims to predict permissive mutations that may similarly enable fit H275Y variants to arise in currently circulating A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses. The first approach in this study utilized <i>in silico</i> analyses to predict potentially permissive mutations. The second approach involved the generation of a virus library which encompassed all possible NA mutations while keeping H275Y fixed. Fit variants were then selected by serially passaging the virus library either through ferrets by transmission or passaging once <i>in vitro</i>. The fitness impact of selected substitutions was further evaluated experimentally. The computational approach predicted three candidate permissive NA mutations which, in combination with each other, restored the replicative fitness of an H275Y variant. The second approach identified a stringent bottleneck during transmission between ferrets; however, three further substitutions were identified which may improve transmissibility. A comparison of fit H275Y variants <i>in vitro</i> and in experimentally infected animals showed a statistically significant correlation in the variants that were positively selected. Overall, this study provides valuable tools and insights into potential permissive mutations that may facilitate the emergence of a fit H275Y A(H1N1)pdm09 variant. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is the most widely used antiviral for the treatment of influenza infections. Therefore, resistance to oseltamivir is a public health concern. This study is important as it explores the different evolutionary pathways available to current circulating influenza viruses that may lead to widespread oseltamivir resistance. Specifically, this study develops valuable experimental and computational tools to evaluate the fitness landscape of circulating A(H1N1)pmd09 influenza viruses bearing the H275Y mutation. The H275Y substitution is most commonly reported to confer oseltamivir resistance but also leads to loss of virus replication and transmission fitness, which limits its spread. However, it is known from previous influenza seasons that influenza viruses can evolve to overcome this loss of fitness. Therefore, this study aims to prospectively predict how contemporary A(H1N1)pmd09 influenza viruses may evolve to overcome the fitness cost of bearing the H275Y NA substitution, which could result in widespread oseltamivir resistance.
Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction in Hypertension Patients: A Myocardial MR Strain Study (2020)

HFpEF-HTN patients suffer from both systolic and diastolic cardiac dysfunction. FT-derived strain parameters have potential value for the diagnosis and risk stratification of HFpEF-HTN patients. Level of Evidence 3. Technical Efficacy Stage 2.
Zika virus replication in glioblastoma cells: electron microscopic tomography shows 3D arrangement of endoplasmic reticulum, replication organelles, and viral ribonucleoproteins (2021)

Structural changes of two patient-derived glioblastoma cell lines after Zika virus infection were investigated using scanning transmission electron tomography on high-pressure-frozen, freeze-substituted samples. In Zika-virus-infected cells, Golgi structures were barely visible under an electron microscope, and viral factories appeared. The cytosol outside of the viral factories resembled the cytosol of uninfected cells. The viral factories contained largely deranged endoplasmic reticulum (ER), filled with many so-called replication organelles consisting of a luminal vesicle surrounded by the ER membrane. Viral capsids were observed in the vicinity of the replication organelles (cell line #12537 GB) or in ER cisternae at large distance from the replication organelles (cell line #15747 GB). Near the replication organelles, we observed many about 100-nm-long filaments that may represent viral ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs), which consist of the RNA genome and N protein oligomers. In addition, we compared Zika-virus-infected cells with cells infected with a phlebovirus (sandfly fever Turkey virus). Zika virions are formed in the ER, whereas phlebovirus virions are assembled in the Golgi apparatus. Our findings will help to understand the replication cycle in the virus factories and the building of the replication organelles in glioblastoma cells.
The Proinflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-32 is expressed in Keratinocytes and Dendritic Cells Obtained from Patients with Chronic Plaque Psoriasis (CPPs) (92.15) (2007)

Abstract CPPs is characterized by hyperproliferation of keratinocytes (KC) and T-cell (Tc)/DCs activation. IL-32, which induces TNF and activates NFkB and p38 MAPK, is involved in early inflammation. We investigated the role of IL-32 in the pathogenesis of CPPs by IHC, ECL and qRT-PCR analysis. Biopsy tissues were obtained from CPPs patients with active disease (N=20) and healthy human controls (N=15). A mouse Mab against human IL-32 and mouse IgG1 isotype antibody were used. IHC staining of IL-32 was performed on deparaffinized sections of formalin-fixed tissues by an indirect imunoperoxidase method (EnVision, Dako). IL-32 was expressed in basal KC with cytoplasmic granular staining. IL-32 was also expressed in DCs with strong nuclear and cytoplasmic staining in dermis. IL-32 was weakly expressed in the nucleus of KC in healthy human skin. Induction of IL-32 was detected in human KC lysates after stimulation with TNF and IL-1 or cell contact with activated Tc, but not in KC supernatants, indicating IL-32 is not secreted from KC in vitro. ECL/qRT-PCR results showed IL-32 and other CPPs-relevant cytokines (IL-18, IL-20, 22 and 23) were significantly (P&amp;lt;0.05) increased. Our data support the hypothesis that IL-32 is a novel proinflammatory cytokine which is involved in the pathogenesis of CPPs, especially in epidermal regions of the skin where innate immune mechanisms are central to host defense.
24.8 An analog-digital-hybrid single-chip RX beamformer with non-uniform sampling for 2D-CMUT ultrasound imaging to achieve wide dynamic range of delay and small chip area (2014)

Ultrasound imaging is widely used for medical diagnosis, because it is harmless to the human body and has real-time processing capability. Usually the focusing (beamforming) operation is performed for both TX and RX. The RX focusing is performed by an RX beamformer [1-5], which consists of delay elements and adders. Nowadays, digital beamformers (DBF) are mostly used for conventional ultrasound imaging because of high SNR. Recently, 2D ultrasound transducers have been introduced for 3D imaging. Since the 2D transducer has a huge number of transducer elements (e.g., 9216 for a 72×128 array), it cannot use DBF because of the huge number of required ADCs and wires inside the probe cable. Therefore, analog beamforming must be performed, at least at the front stage of the 2D transducer.In this work, where a 2D CMUT array is used, the maximum delay difference among transducer elements is 8μs with a maximum steering angle of 45° and a maximum focal depth of 15cm. The target sampling resolution is 6.25ns (λc / 53.3) with a carrier frequency of 3MHz. An analog-digital-hybrid architecture and a non-uniform sampling scheme are used for the RX beamformer of this work to achieve the wide dynamic range of delay time and small chip-area. The RX beamformer consists of 8 analog beamformers (ABF) followed by a single DBF, as shown in Fig. 24.8.1. An ABF performs the focusing operation for the input signals of the adjacent 8 channels to generate an analog output signal. The 8 analog output signals from the 8 ABFs are applied to the DBF. The DBF converts the 8 analog input signals into the 8 digital signals, and then performs the focusing operation on the 8 digital signals to generate a digital output signal for every focal point.
Terminology for membranes and membrane processes (IUPAC Recommendations 1996) (1996)

Abstract
Influence of sizing formulations on glass/epoxy interphase properties Part A Applied science and manufacturing (2014)

A series of fiber sizing formulations have been chosen to compare the effect of silane coupling agent and film former on the properties of glass fiber/epoxy interphase. The microdroplet debond test was chosen to measure the strength and energy absorption of the interphases. Results indicate that chemical reactivity and wettability of polymeric film former influence the strength and energy absorption for glass fiber/epoxy interphases. Comparison of amino silane sizings with different film formers show that the azamide-based film former provided a 47% increase in interfacial shear strength over other sizings studied. The results demonstrate that the relative reactivity and wettability of film former can enhance both chemical bond formation and fiber surface roughness. Changes in fiber surface morphology due to application of sizing were observed by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Analysis of failed surfaces indicate that both silane and film former components affect the mode of failure at the interface.
Deciphering the Mechanistic Dichotomy in the Cyclization of 1-(2-Ethynylphenyl)-3,3-dialkyltriazenes:  Competition between Pericyclic and Pseudocoarctate Pathways (2002)

The mechanistic aspects of the cyclization of (2-ethynylphenyl)triazenes under both thermal and copper-mediated conditions are reported. For cyclization to an isoindazole, a carbene mechanistic pathway is proposed. The carbene intermediate can react with oxygen, dimerize to give an alkene, or be trapped either intermolecularly (using 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene to generate a cyclopropane) or intramolecularly (using a biphenyl moiety at the terminus of the acetylene to form a fluorene). Density-functional theory (DFT) calculations support a pseudocoarctate pathway for this type of cyclization. Thermal cyclization to give a cinnoline from (2-ethynylphenyl)triazenes is proposed to occur through a pericyclic pathway. DFT calculations predict a zwitterionic dehydrocinnolinium intermediate that is supported by deuterium trapping studies as well as cyclizations performed using a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine moiety at the 3-position of the triazene.