gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface Immobilization of a Tetra-Ruthenium Substituted Polyoxometalate Water Oxidation Catalyst Through the Employment of Conducting Polypyrrole and the Layer-by-Layer (LBL) Technique (2014)

A tetra Ru-substituted polyoxometalate Na10[{Ru4O4(OH)2(H2O)4}(γ-SiW10O36)2] (Ru4POM) has been successfully immobilised onto glassy carbon electrodes and indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass slides through the employment of a conducting polypyrrole matrix and the layer-by-layer (LBL) technique. The resulting Ru4POM doped polypyrrole films showed stable redox behavior associated with the Ru centres within the Ru4POM, whereas, the POM's tungsten-oxo redox centres were not accessible. The films showed pH dependent redox behavior within the pH range 2-5 whilst exhibiting excellent stability towards redox cycling. The layer-by-layer assembly was constructed onto poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) modified carbon electrodes by alternate depositions of Ru4POM and a Ru(II) metallodendrimer. The resulting Ru4POM assemblies showed stable redox behavior for the redox processes associated with Ru4POM in the pH range 2-5. The charge transfer resistance of the LBL films was calculated through AC-Impedance. Surface characterization of both the polymer and LBL Ru4POM films was carried out using atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Initial investigations into the ability of the Ru4POM LBL films to electrocatalytically oxidise water at pH 7 have also been conducted.
Developmental Regulation of Full‐length trkC in the Rat Sciatic Nerve (1995)

In order to gain insight into potential roles of neurotrophins in Schwann cell biology, the expression of neurotrophin receptors of the trk gene family was investigated in rat sciatic nerve development. This analysis revealed differential regulation of truncated and full-length receptors. TrkA was undetectable even when analysed with a sensitive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. TrkB was present at the mRNA as well as protein level only in its truncated form. Surprisingly, multiple isoforms of trkC, including full-length forms, were detected in early postnatal nerve. Specific antibodies detected truncated and full-length trkC proteins in Western blotting, and RT-PCR revealed the presence of two full-length isoforms, one of them containing the 14 amino acid kinase insert. In situ hybridisation localized the expression of trkC to a subpopulation of Schwann cells. TrkC receptors are expressed already in nerves from day-16 embryos. In contrast to early postnatal stages, full-length trkC receptors are no longer expressed in adult nerves, which, however, maintain expression of truncated trkC transcripts. The presence of trkC kinases in peripheral nerve suggests a role for neurotrophin-3, the only known trkC ligand, in peripheral nerve development.
FKBP46, a novel Sf9 insect cell nuclear immunophilin that forms a protein-kinase complex. (1994)

Recently, we identified a 59-kDa nuclear phosphoprotein that is associated with a recombinant mouse FKBP-52 (Alnemri, E. S., Fernandes-Alnemri, T., Nelki, D. S., Dudley, K., DuBois, G. C., and Litwack, G. (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90, 6839-6843). Here we describe the cloning, overexpression, and characterization of this protein from Spodoptera frugiperda insect cells (Sf9 cells). The cloned cDNA codes for an acidic protein of 412 amino acids with distinct structural domains. Starting with the N terminus, the first 218 amino acids contain two highly acidic domains separated by a short basic domain. Following the second large acidic domain is another basic domain of 87 amino acids with significant sequence and structural homology to HMG1 and HMG2 DNA binding proteins. The two basic domains contain several nuclear targeting signals. The last 108 C-terminal amino acids contain a binding domain for immunosuppressive drugs FK506 and rapamycin, which makes this protein a new member of the immunophilin family. We provide evidence that the new immunophilin (FKBP46) is a DNA binding protein that can bind immunosuppressive drug FK506 and possesses peptidylprolyl isomerase activity. FKBP46 is localized in the nucleus and is associated with a nuclear kinase that specifically phosphorylates it in the presence of Mg2+ and ATP. Upon subsequent sequence analysis of the mouse FKBP52 cDNA used in our previous study, it was observed that a spermatid nuclear transition protein 2 (TP2) sequence is fused in frame with the C terminus of the recombinant FKBP52 probably as a result of a cloning artifact. We demonstrate that the FKBP46 does not form a complex with the FKBP52 but rather with the highly basic nuclear protein TP2. Our data suggest that interaction of FKBP46 with TP2 is mediated by the N-terminal acidic domains of FKBP46. This implies that the acidic domains of FKBP46 are involved in protein-protein interaction between nuclear FKBP46 and other basic chromatin proteins.
Evaluation of a Transpelvic Sling Procedure With and Without Colposuspension for Treatment of Female Dogs With Refractory Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetence (1998)

A transpelvic sling procedure, with or without additional colposuspension, can be useful in the management of dogs with refractory urinary incontinence. The procedure is not beneficial if it does not increase urethral pressure close to, or within, the normal range.
Higher human lymphocyte antigen class I expression in early‐stage cancer cells leads to high sensitivity for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (2019)

Human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules play a central role in cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL)-based antitumor immunity. However, the expression rate of HLA class I in cancer cells remains a topic of discussion. We compared HLA class I expression levels between cancer cells and surrounding non-tumorous hepatocytes in 20 early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients by immunohistochemistry using EMR 8-5. The expression levels of HLA class I were classified as negative, incomplete positive or complete positive. Similarly, for various types of solid cancers, HLA class I expression was examined. For the HLA class I expression in cancer cells, among 20 HCC patients, 13 were complete positive, 3 were incomplete positive, and 4 were negative. In addition, 15 (75.0%) had higher expression levels of HLA class I in cancer cells compared with that in surrounding non-tumorous hepatocytes. An interferon-γ (IFN-γ) enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay indicated that cancer cells with positive expression of HLA class I had strong sensitivity to antigen-specific CTL. We suggested that HLA class I expression in cancer cells could be involved in the clinical prognosis of HCC patients. Similarly, 66.7%, 100.0%, 66.7% and 62.5% of patients with early-stage pancreatic, gallbladder, esophageal and breast cancers, respectively, had higher expression levels of HLA class I in cancer cells than in surrounding normal tissue cells. We suggest that in several early-stage solid cancers, including HCC, HLA class I expression levels in cancer cells are higher than that in surrounding normal tissue cells, which could result in the anti-tumor effect of CTL-based cancer immunotherapy.
Strain-Induced Electronic Structure Changes in Stacked van der Waals Heterostructures (2016)

Vertically stacked van der Waals heterostructures composed of compositionally different two-dimensional atomic layers give rise to interesting properties due to substantial interactions between the layers. However, these interactions can be easily obscured by the twisting of atomic layers or cross-contamination introduced by transfer processes, rendering their experimental demonstration challenging. Here, we explore the electronic structure and its strain dependence of stacked MoSe2/WSe2 heterostructures directly synthesized by chemical vapor deposition, which unambiguously reveal strong electronic coupling between the atomic layers. The direct and indirect band gaps (1.48 and 1.28 eV) of the heterostructures are measured to be lower than the band gaps of individual MoSe2 (1.50 eV) and WSe2 (1.60 eV) layers. Photoluminescence measurements further show that both the direct and indirect band gaps undergo redshifts with applied tensile strain to the heterostructures, with the change of the indirect gap being particularly more sensitive to strain. This demonstration of strain engineering in van der Waals heterostructures opens a new route toward fabricating flexible electronics.
A small‐angle x‐ray scattering study of blends of isotactic and atactic polystyrene (1977)

Abstract Small‐angle x‐ray scattering (SAXS) from blends of isotactic and atactic polystyrene has been studied. Results have been interpreted and compared using the Tsvankin, Vonk, and Hosemann techniques. The studies suggest that segregation of the atactic component occurs during crystallization within the growing spherulite of the isotactic component. However, since the interlamellar distance does not increase with atactic content, segregation is believed to occur with the formation of domains larger than interlamellar but smaller than spherulite size.
Atomic dynamics in fluids: Normal mode analysis revisited (2023)

Developing microscopic understanding of the thermal properties of liquids is challenging due to their strong dynamic disorder, which prevents characterization of the atomic degrees of freedom. There have been significant research interests in the past few decades to extend the normal mode analysis for solids to instantaneous structures of liquids. However, the nature of normal modes that arise from these unstable structures is still elusive. In this work, we explore the instantaneous eigenmodes of dynamical matrices of various Lennard-Jones argon liquid/gas systems at high temperatures and show that the normal modes can be interpreted as an interpolation of T \to \infty (gas) and T = 0 (solid) mode descriptions. We find that normal modes become increasingly collisional and translational, recovering atomistic gas-like behavior rather than vibrational with increase in temperature, suggesting that normal modes in liquids may be described by both solid-like and gas-like modes.
Algorithms for differential splicing detection using exon arrays: a comparative assessment (2015)

Each method shows different characteristics regarding sensitivity, specificity, interference to certain data settings and robustness over multiple data sets. While some methods can be considered as generally good choices over all data sets and scenarios, other methods show heterogeneous prediction quality on the different data sets. The adequate method has to be chosen carefully and with a defined study aim in mind.
On two‐parameter models of photon cross sections: Application to dual‐energy CT imaging (2006)

The goal of this study is to evaluate the theoretically achievable accuracy in estimating photon cross sections at low energies (20-1000 keV) from idealized dual-energy x-ray computed tomography (CT) images. Cross-section estimation from dual-energy measurements requires a model that can accurately represent photon cross sections of any biological material as a function of energy by specifying only two characteristic parameters of the underlying material, e.g., effective atomic number and density. This paper evaluates the accuracy of two commonly used two-parameter cross-section models for postprocessing idealized measurements derived from dual-energy CT images. The parametric fit model (PFM) accounts for electron-binding effects and photoelectric absorption by power functions in atomic number and energy and scattering by the Klein-Nishina cross section. The basis-vector model (BVM) assumes that attenuation coefficients of any biological substance can be approximated by a linear combination of mass attenuation coefficients of two dissimilar basis substances. Both PFM and BVM were fit to a modern cross-section library for a range of elements and mixtures representative of naturally occurring biological materials (Z = 2-20). The PFM model, in conjunction with the effective atomic number approximation, yields estimated the total linear cross-section estimates with mean absolute and maximum error ranges of 0.6%-2.2% and 1%-6%, respectively. The corresponding error ranges for BVM estimates were 0.02%-0.15% and 0.1%-0.5%. However, for photoelectric absorption frequency, the PFM absolute mean and maximum errors were 10.8%-22.4% and 29%-50%, compared with corresponding BVM errors of 0.4%-11.3% and 0.5%-17.0%, respectively. Both models were found to exhibit similar sensitivities to image-intensity measurement uncertainties. Of the two models, BVM is the most promising approach for realizing dual-energy CT cross-section measurement.
Demonstration That Antigen-Binding Cells Are Precursors of Antibody-Producing Cells After Purification with a Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorter (1972)

We have obtained viable and functional populations of antigen-binding cells enriched up to 500-fold from primed spleen-cell suspensions by fluorescent labeling and by a new electronic cell sorter that sorts viable cells according to fluorescence. Concomitantly, populations largely depleted of antigen-binding cells were obtained. While neither population alone is capable of a full adoptive secondary response when injected into irradiated recipients, a reconstituted mixture restores the full response of the unfractionated spleen cells. Admixture of sources of unprimed thymus-derived cells (T-cells) with the purified antigen-binding cells (B-cells) restores much of the full response.
How Tiny Can Analog Filterbank Features Be Made for Ultra-low-power On-device Keyword Spotting? (2023)

Analog feature extraction is a power-efficient and re-emerging signal processing paradigm for implementing the front-end feature extractor in on device keyword-spotting systems. Despite its power efficiency and re-emergence, there is little consensus on what values the architectural parameters of its critical block, the analog filterbank, should be set to, even though they strongly influence power consumption. Towards building consensus and approaching fundamental power consumption limits, we find via simulation that through careful selection of its architectural parameters, the power of a typical state-of-the-art analog filterbank could be reduced by 33.6x, while sacrificing only 1.8% in downstream 10-word keyword spotting accuracy through a back-end neural network.
Développement de nouvelles membranes céramiques et hybrides de non oxydes pour la séparation de l'hydrogène (2012)

International audience
Performance evaluation of LoRa networks in a smart city scenario (2017)

Low-Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) are continuously gaining momentum as fundamental enablers of the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. These networks provide longrange coverage to end nodes, exploiting license-free frequency bands. The focus of this work is on one of the most prominent LPWAN technologies: LoRa™. We implemented a new ns-3 module to study the performance of a LoRa-based IoT network in a typical urban scenario. Simulation results show that a LoRa network can scale well, achieving packet success rates above 95% in presence of a number of end devices in the order of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> .
Effect of Warfarin on Survival in Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung (1981)

In a controlled, randomized study, survival of patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL) was prolonged on addition of warfarin sodium to combination chemotherapy plus radiation therapy. Median survival for 25 control patients was 24 weeks and for 25 warfarin-treated patients was 50 weeks. This difference could not be accounted for by differences between groups in performance status, extent of disease, age, or sex. The survival advantage associated with warfarin administration was observed both for patients with extensive disease and for those who failed to achieve complete or partial remission. The warfarin-treated group also demonstrated a significantly increased time to first evidence of disease progression. These results suggest that warfarin may be useful in the treatment of SCCL and also support the hypothesis that the blood coagulation mechanism may be involved in the growth and spread of cancer in man.
Optical investigation of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells (1999)

Optical investigation was performed on InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well (MQW) structures with different well thicknesses. At low temperature, the excitation power dependence of the photoluminescence (PL) emission energy of a MQW with 5 nm well thickness was found to be different from that of a MQW with 2.5 nm well thickness. Their temperature dependence of the optical behaviors including the PL line shapes and the internal quantum efficiencies also showed distinct features. The optical behaviors of the quantum well with a thickness above 2.5 nm can be explained by a model based on the formation of self-organized small In-rich regions, rather than by the piezoelectric field-induced quantum-confined Stark effect.
Radial growth response of conifer trees to climate change in Baotianman National Nature Reserve, central China (2015)

树木年轮资料能够提供区域内过去长时间的环境和气候信息，成为获取过去气候变化信息的重要手段之一。利用采自宝天曼自然保护区的两种针叶树种油松和华山松树木年轮样本分别建立了油松和华山松树轮宽度标准年表PT和PA，并将油松和华山松样本合并建立了联合树种的区域年表（RC）。3种年表分别与不同气候要素（月平均气温、月平均最高气温、月平均最低气温、月降水量）及其不同月份组合进行相关分析，结果表明，油松年表PT和华山松年表PA都包含较高的气候信息，且都和生长季不同月份温度显著负相关和降水显著正相关。其中，油松和华山松都与当年4月和5月降水显著正相关，油松还与当年5月的平均最高温度和上年11月最低温显著负相关，与当年3月平均最低气温显著正相关；华山松与上年10月和当年4月的平均最高温度显著负相关，与上年12月和当年7月平均最低温度显著正相关；联合年表RC包含了单个年表PT和PA共同的气候信息，与当年4-5月降水和3月最低温显著正相关，与当年7月最低温和4、5月最高温显著负相关。不同年表与生长季（3-8月）内气候要素月份组合的相关分析也表明联合年表RC包含和单物种年表PT、PA相似的气候信息并加强了PT、PA受当年生长季气候变化影响的公共信号。可见，同一地区的多树种联合年表一定程度上能体现出区域性树木生长对气候变化响应的生态生理特征，为同地区建成多树种联合年表来探讨当地区域性气候变化提供了可行性的理论基础和一定的参考作用.
Point Detector (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
Comparison of Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry to Triple Quadrupole Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Quantitative Bioanalysis: Application to Antipsychotics (2008)

Abstract Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is frequently used for the detection of small molecules in biological samples because of the high specificity and sensitivity associated with these instruments. Time-of-flight mass spectrometers (TOF-MS) are typically used qualitatively for accurate mass determination; however, recently they have gained more attention for quantitation. A selective and sensitive TOF-MS method was validated to determine risperidone, its active metabolite paliperidol, haloperidol, clozapine, and olanzapine in rat plasma using midazolam as an internal standard (IS). Comparisons were made between the use of LC-TOF and LC-MS/MS using a triple quadrupole for these compounds for specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, matrix effects, and recovery. A focus of this study was the evaluation of recent instrumental and software improvements, which have been made to time-of-flight mass analyzers to increase the linearity and quantitative capabilities of these instruments.
Dry-gel conversion technique for synthesis of zeolite BEA (1996)

A new method is developed to crystallize zeolites; for the first time, a zeolite with BEA structure is synthesized by a dry-gel conversion technique.
Über Homologe des Cumaranons und ihre Abkömmlinge (1908)

werden mu& Zu diesem Zweck gibt man zur alkalischen Losung 3 ccm einer gesattigten Losung von Natriumsulfit oder -bisulfit ') und so vie1 verdunnte Schwefelslure, bis der Eisenniederschlag verschwunden ist.Dam erwarmt man im bedeokten Becherglas bis zum Ver
Research on straightening system of triple-roller bend and anti-rotation (2011)

A parallel roll configuration scheme of hot ribbed bar straightening system is introduced in this paper. by applying elastic-plastic deformation theory and interrelated knowledge of material mechanics, mathematical model of triple-roller blocked rotation is established and anti-torque mathematical function expression is deduced based on straightening principle. The anti-torque function of triple-roller is proved by calculating the rotation torque released by steel bars during uncoiling. The parameters determination methods of triple-roller blocked rotation straightening system is researched.
Clinical proton MR spectroscopy of neurodegenerative disease in childhood. (1994)

Proton MR spectroscopy may complement MR imaging in diagnostic assessment and therapeutic monitoring of neurodegenerative disorders.
The hereditary dystrophies of the posterior pole of the eye (1971)

Diminished vision as a result of macular degeneration or changes of the posterior\\npole of the eye constitutes an important ophthalmological problem. Kornzweig\\n(1957) studied more than rooo eyes and found diminished vision as a result of an\\naffection of the posterior pole in 24.1% of patients under So and 3S.6% of patients\\nover So. Ouly cataract was found to be a more frequent cause of diminished vision.\\nHowever, whereas the therapeutic possibilities are ample in the case of cataract, they\\nare usually very limited in the many macular affections. Yet a too defeatist attitude\\ntowards affections of the posterior pole is undesirable. A better understanding and\\nimproved knowledge of macular anomalies and degenerations may well lead to a\\nmore effective approach. Precisely in familial dystrophies of the posterior pole, more\\nperceptive interpretation of the clinical features and a knowledge of the mode of\\ntransmission can make a meaningful contribution to prophyla..\\'&lt;is by responsible\\ngenetic counselling. In thls conte...\\'t it must be borne in mind that several dystrophies\\nof the posterior pole cause so little loss of function that prophyla.\\'&lt;is need\\nnot at all be considered. Since the clinical course and prognosis of the various\\nmacular degenerations are dependent on the type of affection, improved differentiation\\nis of great importance also.