gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human Y1/Y5 Receptor Gene Cluster: Isolation and Characterization (2003)

The methods used to isolate genomic clones of a particular gene have changed significantly over the years. In particular, the characterization of genes with many exons, separated by large introns, increased the need for clones with large inserts. The average length of an insert contained within one of the classical used λ cloning vectors (λgt10 or EMBL3) ranges from 10 to 15 kb. This insert size might be large enough to contain entire genes that contain no or only a few introns, but it is likely that such clones harbor only parts of larger genes. In many cases several overlapping λ clones must be identified and isolated by repeated screening (“chromosomal walking”) of a library with end fragments isolated from the first clone. This significantly increases the time and effort involved in isolating a gene. In addition, the isolation of λ DNA is a laborious and time-consuming exercise that yields only low amounts of DNA.
Mechanism of Electroless Copper Deposition from [CuIIEDTA]2– Complexes Using Aldehyde-Based Reductants (2016)

In this article, we present a mechanism for electroless copper deposition from alkaline solutions containing [CuIIEDTA]2–(aq) and hydrolyzed aldehydes. The mechanism is based on quantum chemical calculations of the activation energies and reversible electron-transfer potentials. Low-coordinated, electroless-deposited surface Cu atoms are found to activate H abstraction from the C–H bond of the aldehyde group, putting H on the surface and releasing a highly reducing electron in the process; this electron reduces [CuIIEDTA]2–(aq) to [CuIEDTA]3–(aq). [CuIEDTA]3–(aq) is subsequently reduced to Cu0(ads) by a second electron generated by the same process, releasing EDTA4–(aq). Calculated reversible potentials for the reduction steps aid in interpretation of the catalytic behavior observed in experimental polarization curves.
Quantitation of epidermal and mucosal tissue injury using contrast agents and imaging techniques (2009)

Application of TB and FL contrasts under white and fluorescent light can be used to quantify tissue injuries for L(*) values >35 and is a promising approach for the quantitation across a range of skin pigmentation.
High‐Resolution Spectroscopy of FU Orionis Stars (2003)

High-resolution spectroscopy was obtained of the FUors FU Ori and V1057 Cyg between 1995 and 2002 with SOFIN at NOT and with HIRES at Keck I. During those years FU Ori remained about 1 mag. (in B) below its 1938-39 maximum brightness, but V1057 Cyg (B ~ 10.5 at peak in 1970-71) faded from about 13.5 to 14.9 and then recovered slightly. Their photospheric spectra resemble a rotating G0 Ib supergiant, with v_eq sin i = 70 km/s for FU Ori and 55 km/s for V1057 Cyg. As V1057 Cyg faded, P Cyg structure in Halpha and the IR CaII lines strengthened and a complex shortward-displaced shell spectrum increased in strength, disappeared in 1999, and reappeared in 2001. Night-to-night changes in the wind structure of FU Ori show evidence of sporadic infall. The strength of P Cyg absorption varied cyclically with a period of 14.8 days, with phase stability maintained over 3 seasons, and is believed to be the rotation period. The structure of the photospheric lines also varies cyclically, but with a period of 3.54 days. A similar variation may be present in V1057 Cyg. As V1057 Cyg has faded, the emission lines of a pre-existing low-excitation chromosphere have emerged, so we believe the `line doubling' in V1057 Cyg is produced by these central emission cores in the absorption lines, not by orbital motion in an inclined Keplerian disk. No dependence of v_eq sin i on wavelength or excitation potential was detected in either star, again contrary to expectation for a self-luminous accretion disk. Nor are critical lines in the near infrared accounted for by synthetic disk spectra. A rapidly rotating star near the edge of stability (Larson 1980), can better explain these observations. FUor eruptions may not be a property of ordinary TTS, but may be confined to a special subspecies of rapid rotators having powerful quasi-permanent winds.
A 960Mb/s/pin Interface for SkewTolerant Bus Using Low Jitter PLL (2009)

This paper describes an I/O scheme for use in a highspeed bus which eliminates setup and hold time requirements between clock and data by using an oversampling method. The I/O circuit uses a low jitter phase-locked loop (PLL) which suppresses the effect of supply noise. Measured results show peak-to- peak jitter of 150 ps and nos jitter of 15.7 ps on the clock line. Two experimental chips with 4-pin interface have been fabricated with a 0.6??m CMOS technology, which exhibits the bandwidth of 960 Mb/s per pin.
Free jejunal flap transfer containing multiple vascular pedicles for pharyngoesophageal reconstruction in conjunction with anterior mediastinal tracheostomy (2018)

Our 1-stage reconstruction procedure achieved low morbidity and low mortality rates following anterior mediastinal tracheostomy and pharyngoesophagectomy. Only 1 jejunal flap transfer is needed to simultaneously reconstruct the trachea and alimentary tract in a safe and reliable manner with this procedure.
Glycoproteomics of Milk: Differences in Sugar Epitopes on Human and Bovine Milk Fat Globule Membranes (2008)

Oligosaccharides from human and bovine milk fat globule membranes were analyzed by LC-MS and LC-MS/MS. Global release of N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides showed both to be highly sialylated, with bovine peak-lactating milk O-linked oligosaccharides presenting as mono- and disialylated core 1 oligosaccharides (Galbeta1-3GalNAcol), while human milk had core type 2 oligosaccharides (Galbeta1-3(GlcNAcbeta1-6)GalNAcol) with sialylation on the C-3 branch. The C-6 branch of these structures was extended with branched and unbranched N-acetyllactosamine units terminating in blood group H and Lewis type epitopes. These epitopes were also presented on the reducing terminus of the human, but not the bovine, N-linked oligosaccharides. The O-linked structures were found to be attached to the high molecular mass mucins isolated by agarose-polyacrylamide composite gel electrophoresis, where MUC1 and MUC4 were present. Analysis of bovine colostrum showed that O-linked core 2 oligosaccharides are present at the early stage (3 days after birth) but are down-regulated as lactation develops. This data indicates that human milk may provide different innate immune protection against pathogens compared to bovine milk, as evidenced by the presence of Lewis b epitope, a target for the Helicobacter pylori bacteria, on human, but not bovine, milk fat globule membrane mucins. In addition, non-mucin-type O-linked fucosylated oligosaccharides were found (NeuAc-Gal-GlcNAc1-3Fuc-ol in bovine milk and Gal-GlcNAc1-3Fuc-ol in human milk). The O-linked fucose structure in human milk is the first to our knowledge to be found on high molecular mass mucin-type molecules.
Effect of Oxygen on the rf-Sputtering Rate of SiO2 (1968)

The rf-sputtering rate of SiO2 decreases rapidly when comparatively small partial pressures (∼10−5 Torr) of oxygen are added to the argon-sputtering gas. The magnitude of the decrease is also dependent on the rf-input power. Both of these phenomena are explained by a model which assumes that the sputtering rate is lowered by the replacement (from the gas) of oxygen atoms which have previously been sputtered out of the SiO2 target.
Early‐onset Behr syndrome due to compound heterozygous mutations in OPA1 (2015)

Summary Behr syndrome is an early‐onset and severe syndromic optic atrophy which is probably heterogeneous. Recently, a heterozygous mutation in OPA 1 was reported in an adult‐onset Behr‐like syndrome. Heterozygous mutations in OPA 1 are the main causes of autosomal dominant optic atrophy ( DOA ). As many as 20% of patients with DOA exhibit extra‐ocular signs including deafness, external ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, peripheral neuropathy and, myopathy. Aside from these autosomal dominant forms, only few syndromic cases have so far been linked to compound heterozygous OPA 1 mutations suggestive of either recessive or semi‐dominant inheritance. However, the clinical spectrum of these emerging double‐mutant OPA 1 ‐related disorders remains to be characterized. We report on four children affected with Behr syndrome associated with compound heterozygous OPA 1 mutations. These children were similarly affected with an early‐onset neurological syndrome associating a severe optic atrophy (4/4), cerebellar ataxia (4/4), peripheral neuropathy (4/4), digestive involvement (2/4) and deafness (1/4). This report confirms the importance of searching an OPA 1 compound heterozygosity in paediatric cases of syndromic optic neuropathy.
Vector Commitments and their Applications (2011)

Abstract. We put forward the study of a new primitive that we call Vector Commitment (VC, for short). Informally, VCs allow to commit to an ordered sequence of q values (m1,..., mq) in such a way that one can later open the commitment at specific positions (e.g., prove that mi is the i-th committed message). For security, Vector Commitments are required to satisfy a notion that we call position binding which states that an adversary should not be able to open a commitment to two different values at the same position. Moreover, what makes our primitive interesting is that we require VCs to be concise, i.e. the size of the commitment string and of its openings has to be independent of the vector length. We show two realizations of VCs based on standard and well established assumptions, such as RSA, and Computational Diffie-Hellman (in bilinear groups). Next, we turn our attention to applications and we show that Vector Commitments are useful in a variety of contexts, as they allow for compact and efficient solutions which significantly improve previous works either in terms of efficiency of the resulting solutions, or in terms of ”quality ” of the underlying assumption, or both. These applications
510 Numerical Simulation of Spray Combustion in Highly Preheated Air (2000)

We have developed a simulation model of spray combustion in highly preheated air, which is a recent effective technology for energy saving. The flow field of the calculation was taken from the corresponding experimental regenerative furnace with a strong swirling flow. The basic concept of the spray model we have developed is PSI-cell model. Adding to this model, we introduced the influences of droplet turbulent dispersion. Velocity fluctuation and turbulent dispersion of droplets are described using a probability density function. We can estimate the interaction between gas-phase and droplets not with mean values but with spatial distributions.
Application of signal and noise theory to digital VLSI testing (2010)

Circuit dependent vectors like functional verification vectors, RTL test vectors, or gate-level ATPG vectors contain circuit specific information in the form of spatial correlations (among bits of a vector) and temporal correlations (among bits of the bit stream at an input pin). Some specified bits have don't care behavior because they can be changed without affecting the relevant (testing or functional) properties of the signal. In this paper, we develop a functional analysis framework for digital signals which extracts this information content from the vectors under consideration. Our proposed method is based on spectral analysis of binary bit-streams using Hadamard transform. A bit-stream corresponding to an input pin is transformed to Hadamard spectral components. The information content is distinguished from the noise in the signal using spectral analysis of random binary bit-streams. The magnitude of the spectral components represent temporal correlations while the phases of spectral components of separate bit streams represent the spatial correlations. Applications to ATPG, test compression and BIST (combinational and sequential), as described in recent publications, will benefit from this analysis, because the previous works have used ad-hoc methods for extracting spectral components from samples of test signals. We illustrate the analysis with an application to test generation for sequential benchmark circuits.
Blunted Responses to Vasoconstrictors in Mesenteric Vasculature but not in Portal Vein of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Treated with Relaxin (1989)

Relaxin (RLX), an ovarian polypeptide hormone that is particularly associated with gestation in viviparous species, has recently been shown to decrease blood pressure in virgin spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) upon chronic infusion. In this investigation, vascular reactivity to angiotensin II, arginine-vasopressin, and norepinephrine was studied in the perfused mesenteric artery and isolated portal vein of control and RLX-treated virgin spontaneously hypertensive rats. The latter received an intravenous infusion of 75 ng/hr purified rat RLX for 2 days, whereas the controls were given an equal infusion of saline. All of the animals were then killed and their tissues processed for in vitro study. In the perfused mesenteric artery, the concentration-response curves for arginine-vasopressin and norepinephrine were shifted to the right by a factor of about 2 (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.005, respectively) after RLX treatment. In the isolated portal vein, the response to angiotensin II was not affected; the effect of norepinephrine was slightly displaced to the right (increase in EC50) and the maximum response remained unchanged. These results demonstrate that RLX treatment for 42 hr blunted the vascular response to vasoconstrictor agents in the mesenteric vasculature and are consistent with similar observations reported previously in the same tissue of 20-day-old pregnant rats. It is concluded that RLX may be involved in the blunted response to vasoconstrictor agents during gestation in the rat.
Data from Pharmacologic Properties and Preclinical Activity of Sasanlimab, A High-affinity Engineered Anti-Human PD-1 Antibody (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Development of antagonistic mAbs that specifically target the immune checkpoint receptor, programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), is of great interest for cancer immunotherapy. Here, we report the biophysical characteristics and nonclinical antagonistic activities of sasanlimab (PF-06801591), a humanized anti-PD-1 antibody of IgG4 isotype. We show that sasanlimab binds selectively and with similar high potency to human and cynomolgus monkey PD-1 receptor and blocks its interaction with PD-L1 and PD-L2, with no detectable Fc-dependent effector function. The binding of sasanlimab to human and cynomolgus PD-1 is associated with the formation of a stable complex, which is likely to be the main driver of this high-affinity interaction. &lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt;, sasanlimab significantly augmented T-cell proliferation and cytokine production in mixed lymphocyte reaction and superantigen stimulation assays. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt;, sasanlimab accelerated the incidence of GvHD by enhancing T-cell proliferation and cytokine secretion in a xenogeneic model of acute GvHD and halted the growth of MC-38 colon adenocarcinoma tumors in human PD-1 knock-in mice. Pharmacokinetic and toxicokinetic findings from cynomolgus monkey showed that sasanlimab was active and well-tolerated. Taken together, the data presented here support the clinical development of sasanlimab for the treatment of patients with advanced cancers as a single agent or in combination with other immunotherapies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Application and development of RFID technique (2012)

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is widely used in every area, but its standardization, anti-collision algorithm, and system measurement accuracy still need further improving. Systematic study is made in this paper according to the strengths and weaknesses of RFID and its development trend. It also explains the safety of RFID and its strengths over efficient and fast identification algorithm; introduces RFID technology and the combination of internet-of-things, wireless sensors and NFC technologies as well as the application of RFID technology in the fields of retailing, logistics and traffic. Through an aggregate analysis of world manufacturers' application and study of RFID technology, the writer also points out the development trend of RFID technology in our country.
Spectral Properties of Some Marine Phytoplankters (1973)

The spectral properties of some marine phytoplankters have been obtained in the visible (400–700 nm) region of the electromagnetic spectrum. From those data the colors of the phytoplankters (dinoflagellates and diatoms) were calculated using standard C.I.E. techniques. The color-matching functions used x̄, ȳ, z̄ were the 10 ° field-of-view functions of 1964. Use of these functions better approximates the color as seen by a normal observer than those of the 2 ° field-of-view functions. The spectral transmittance of each of the samples were derived from their absorption spectra. These spectra were observed on a Beckman DK-1-A spectrophotometer, using the method of Emerson and Lewis as modified by Yentsch. <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> The colors were found to lie within the same area as those of plants measured by Gates, Kagan, et al. <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup>
A defined chromosome 6q fragment (at D6S310) harbors a putative tumor suppressor gene for breast cancer. (1996)

Recent evidence obtained by cytogenetic and molecular studies indicates that in breast cancer chromosome 6q is often affected by genetic changes suggesting the existence of putative tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). However the function of gene(s) on this chromosome in breast cancer suppression is not understood. To substantiate further the presence of breast cancer related TSGs at 6q and to define their location, we first performed microcell-mediated transfer of chromosome 6 to CAL51 breast cancer cells for studying possible suppression of malignant phenotype and secondly, we analysed DNAs from 46 primary breast cancers for loss of constitutive heterozygosity (LOH) using 24 poly-morphic microsatellite markers. The chromosome transfer resulted in loss of tumorigenicity and reversion of other neoplastic properties of the microcell hybrids. Polymorphism analysis of single hybrids revealed that they harbored only a small donor chromosome fragment defined by the marker D6S310 (6q23.3-q25) and flanked by D6S292 and D6S311. The LOH data suggest that four tumor suppressor gene loci mapped to the central and distal portion of 6q may be independently deleted in breast cancer. One of these regions corresponds to the region identified by chromosome transfer.
New Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents for Infarct Imaging Based on Phosphonate Derivatives of Gd-DTPA (1991)

ADZAMLI, I. KOFI PHD; BLAU, MONTE PHD; PFEFFER, MARC A. MD, PHD; DAVIS, MICHAEL A. DSc, MD Author Information
Peripheral Arterial Obstruction: Prospective Study of Treatment with a Transluminally Placed Self-expanding Stent-Graft (2000)

The device used in this study can be implanted without additional risks to the patient and provided encouraging patency rates up to 1 year.
Unique Effects of KIT D816V in BaF3 Cells: Induction of Cluster Formation, Histamine Synthesis, and Early Mast Cell Differentiation Antigens (2008)

Oncogenic tyrosine kinases (TK) usually convert growth factor-dependent cells to factor independence with autonomous proliferation. However, TK-driven neoplasms often are indolent and characterized by cell differentiation rather than proliferation. A prototype of an indolent TK-driven neoplasm is indolent systemic mastocytosis. We found that the D816V-mutated variant of KIT, a TK detectable in most patients with systemic mastocytosis, induces cluster formation and expression of several mast cell differentiation and adhesion Ags, including microphthalmia transcription factor, IL-4 receptor, histamine, CD63, and ICAM-1 in IL-3-dependent BaF3 cells. By contrast, wild-type KIT did not induce cluster formation or mast cell differentiation Ags. Additionally, KIT D816V, but not wild-type KIT, induced STAT5 activation in BaF3 cells. However, despite these intriguing effects, KIT D816V did not convert BaF3 cells to factor-independent proliferation. Correspondingly, BaF3 cells with conditional expression of KIT D816V did not form tumors in nude mice. Together, the biologic effects of KIT D816V in BaF3 cells match strikingly with the clinical course of indolent systemic mastocytosis and with our recently established transgenic mouse model, in which KIT D816V induces indolent mast cell accumulations but usually does not induce a malignant mast cell disease. Based on all these results, it is hypothesized that KIT D816V as a single hit may be sufficient to cause indolent systemic mastocytosis, whereas additional defects may be required to induce aggressive mast cell disorders.
Error Management in Relationships (2013)

Social judgments are made under uncertainty and pose one of the fundamental challenges of social living. Some of these judgments are also systematically biased—sometimes toward optimism and sometimes toward pessimism. For example, men optimistically overestimate women's sexual interest, whereas parents pessimistically worry about small children to an excessive extent. Error management theory (EMT) aims to bring a wide variety of seemingly disconnected biases under one theoretical umbrella. EMT proposes that when the costs of false-positive and false-negative errors were asymmetrical over evolutionary history, natural selection designed social judgment adaptations biased in the direction of the less costly error. For example, a man could falsely infer that a woman is sexually interested (a false-positive error) or fail to detect her interest (a false-negative error). Because the reproductive costs of missing a sexual opportunity were high for ancestral men, natural selection might have favored a bias in men that leads them to overestimate a woman's sexual interest. In this chapter, we review cognitive biases operating in mating relationships, friendships, coalitions, and kinship that can be understood in light of EMT. We discuss challenges for the future and present new predictions.
High-sensitivity low-frequency magnetometer using magnetostrictive primary sensing and piezoelectric signal recovery (1986)

A simple and inexpensive magnetometer is presented which uses a piezomagnetic primary sensor together with a piezoelectric transducer to convert a magnetic field into an electrical signal. A linear operating range is achieved by employing a negative feedback configuration. The detection sensitivity is 1.5 x 10-4 A/m per Hz1/2at low frequencies.