gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Non-Uniform Rotational Motion Estimation and Compensation Method for Maneuvering Targets ISAR Imaging Utilizing Particle Swarm Optimization (2017)

Non-uniform rotational motion of maneuvering targets can result in nonlinear migration through range cells (MTRC) and high order phase term, making final inverse synthetic aperture radar image severely defocused. Therefore, a novel non-uniform rotational motion estimation and compensation method is proposed to achieve the elimination of high order phase term and nonlinear MTRC. Under the constant acceleration model, the estimation of rotational motion parameters is first modeled as an unconstrained optimization problem with the image entropy as the cost function. Particle swarm optimization is utilized to search the global optimal solution making use of its simple structure and high efficiency. Then, resampling is performed to transform the non-uniform rotational motion into linear movement and then residual high order phase term is eliminated by constructing the corresponding compensation term. On this condition, first-order Keystone transform can be applied to correct the MTRC. Focused image can finally be obtained by performing traditional Fourier transform along the cross-range dimension. Experimental results on simulated data, electromagnetic data, and real data are presented to verify the effectiveness and robustness of our proposed algorithm.
Reduction of transmitter B1 inhomogeneity with transmit SENSE slice‐select pulses (2007)

Parallel transmitter techniques are a promising approach for reducing transmitter B1 inhomogeneity due to the potential for adjusting the spatial excitation profile with independent RF pulses. These techniques may be further improved with transmit sensitivity encoding (SENSE) methods because the sensitivity information in pulse design provides an excitation that is inherently compensated for transmitter B1 inhomogeneity. This paper presents a proof of this concept using transmit SENSE 3D tailored RF pulses designed for small flip angles. An eight-channel receiver coil was used to mimic parallel transmission for brain imaging at 3T. The transmit SENSE pulses were based on the fast-k(z) design and produced 5-mm-thick slices at a flip angle of 30 degrees with only a 4.3-ms pulse length. It was found that the transmit SENSE pulses produced more homogeneous images than those obtained from the complex sum of images from all receivers excited with a standard RF pulse.
3D-Printed Personalized Titanium Implant Design,Manufacturing and Verification for Bone Tumor Surgery of Forearm (2018)

The 3D printing implants are currently being used to reconstruct various parts of the bone tumor area other than maxillofacial surgery area. Thanks to 3D printing implants, patients can remain their anatomic function of bone through reconstruction surgery, which was impossible before since patients became handicapped. The segmental prosthesis of the long bone needs a special design for fixation with normal bone as well as maintaining the joints and mechanical stability. In this preliminary report one can find procedures of test surgery on volunteer patient which include design, manufacturing process, inspection, and mechanical test procedures. The patient underwent reconstruction surgery using 3D printing metal implant for both forearm bones. By using 3D printing metal prosthesis for reconstruction of the bone defect, surgeons were able to shorten duration of the surgery and maintained the anatomical reconstruction for the all bones of patient's body.
Interpolatory point set surfaces—convexity and Hermite data (2009)

Point set surfaces define a (typically) manifold surface from a set of scattered points. The definition involves weighted centroids and a gradient field. The data points are interpolated if singular weight functions are used to define the centroids. While this way of deriving an interpolatory scheme appears natural, we show that it has two deficiencies: Convexity of the input is not preserved and the extension to Hermite data is numerically unstable. We present a generalization of the standard scheme that we call Hermite point set surface . It allows interpolating, given normal constraints in a stable way. It also yields an intuitive parameter for shape control and preserves convexity in most situations. The analysis of derivatives also leads to a more natural way to define normals, in case they are not supplied with the point data. We conclude by comparing to similar surface definitions.
NR-U and IEEE 802.11 Technologies Coexistence in Unlicensed mmWave Spectrum: Models and Evaluation (2020)

New Radio-based access to Unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) intends to expand the applicability of 5G NR access technology to support operation in unlicensed bands by adhering to Listen-Before-Talk (LBT) requirement for accessing the channel. As the NR-U specification is being developed, simulations to assess the performance of NR-U and IEEE 802.11 technologies coexistence in unlicensed spectrum bands are crucial. In this paper, we report on extensions to a popular and open source network simulator, ns-3, to build an NR-U system-level simulator and to model the NR-U and IEEE 802.11 technologies coexistence in the currently available unlicensed spectrum bands. The proposed NR-U model capitalizes on an NR Release-15 based model that has been extended to operate in unlicensed bands, while meeting its regulatory requirements. For the coexistence analysis, we pay particular attention to the millimeter-wave bands and provide a complete set of simulation campaigns evaluating the coexistence of NR-U and IEEE 802.11ad Wireless Gigabit (WiGig) in the 60 GHz bands. In particular, we focus on determining whether NR-U fulfills its coexistence objective in terms of a fairness criterion by testing different NR-U parameters, such as the numerology, the bandwidth, the channel access scheme, the energy detection threshold, and the beamforming method.
Expression Genetics Identifies Spinal Mechanisms Supporting Formalin Late Phase Behaviors (2010)

Wide differences in pain behaviors, including those resulting from the injection of formalin, can be observed in inbred strains of mice suggesting strong genetic influences. Correlating levels of gene expression in tissues established to be mechanistically implicated in the expression of specific behaviors can identify genes involved in the behaviors of interest. Comparing formalin late phase behavior levels with spinal cord gene expression yielded several plausible gene candidates, including the Mapk8 gene. Additional molecular and pharmacologic evidence confirmed a functional role for this gene in supporting formalin late phase responses.
Residual structure in large fragments of staphylococcal nuclease: effects of amino acid substitutions (1989)

In an attempt to develop a model of the denatured state of staphylococcal nuclease that can be analyzed experimentally under physiological conditions, a series of four large fragments of this small protein which extend from residues 1 to 103, 1 to 112, 1 to 128, and 1 to 136 have been generated through the overexpression of nuclease genes containing stop codons at defined positions. Large amounts of protein fragments were accumulated in induced cells and were purified by carrying out all fractionation steps in the presence of 6 M urea. The far-ultraviolet circular dichroism spectra of all four fragments suggested the presence of small to moderate amounts of residual structure. When the CD spectra were monitored as a function of concentrations of the tight-binding ligands Ca2+ and thymidine 3',5'-bisphosphate and the known affinity constants for wild-type nuclease (1-149) were used, apparent equilibrium constants of 160 and 2000 for the reversible denaturation reaction for fragments 1-136 and 1-128, respectively, were estimated. Four single and two double mutations, all of which exhibit unusual behavior in the full-length protein on solvent denaturation [Shortle, D., & Meeker, A. K. (1986) Proteins: Struct., Funct., Genet. 1, 81-89] and thermal denaturation [Shortle, D., Meeker, A. K., & Freire, E. (1988) Biochemistry 27, 4761-4768], were recombined into the 1-136 and 1-128 fragment expression vectors, and purified mutant fragments were characterized.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Frequency Resolved Angle and Time Difference of Arrival Estimation With Spatial Spectral Holography (2010)

Correlative power spectrum and spectral phase mapping via readout of a fiber interferometer with spatial-spectral materials is analyzed and demonstrated to enable precise frequency resolved time delay and angle of arrival estimation with microwave signals.
Production of very high electron density assisted by lasers (1989)

An analysis is presented of a new basic concept for very-high-electron-density emission from metal photocathodes conjugating the action of two lasers. The action of the first laser, a low-frequency (infrared or far-infrared), high-density source (>10 to 100 MW/cm/sup 2/), is supported to lower the potential barrier and enhance the energy of conduction electrons at the surface of the material and increase significantly the effective photoelectric quantum yield. The second laser is a visible or ultraviolet laser with a lower intensity (<100 kW/cm/sup 2/), extracting a high electron density by direct photoelectric effect.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Temporal aspects of tumorigenic response to individual and mixed carcinogens. Comprehensive progress report, June 1, 1975--May 31, 1978. [Mouse skin, rats, hamsters] (1978)

The research proposed here is designed to obtain a better understanding of the temporal kinetics of tumor induction when one or more carcinogens are present simultaneously or sequentially for prolonged periods of time. Studies done to date under this contract have shown that carcinogenesis in mouse skin by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogens is consistent with the induction of dependent and autonomous cell transformations by the carcinogen followed by the conversion of autonomous tumor cells into malignancies at a rate which is determined by the level of carcinogen exposure. Dependent cell transformations remain latent in the skin unless expressed by a promoting agent. Dependent neoplasia appears to follow one-hit kinetics while malignancy is a multihit endpoint. Dose-related and time-related aspects of tumor induction are separable in the initiation-promotion system of mouse skin which along with rat skin and hamster lung is being used as a model for testing hypotheses. Results to date provide the basis for a new interpretation of the linear non-threshold extrapolation model. The broad aim of the study is to provide a basis or rationale for estimating risks associated with prolonged exposures to carcinogens found in the environment and to predict how different tissues and species respond to the same carcinogens.
Predicting the Head-Neck Posture and Muscle Force of the Driver Based on the Combination of Biomechanics with Multibody Dynamics (2017)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Biomechanics and biodynamics are increasingly focused on the automotive industry to provide comfortable driving environment, reduce driver fatigue, and improve passenger safety. Man-centered conception is a growing emphasis on the open design of automobile. During the long-term driving, occupational drivers are easily exposed to the neck pain, so it is important to reduce the muscle force load and its fatigue, which are not usually considered quantitatively during traditional ergonomics design, so standards related are not well developed to guide the vehicle design; On the other hand, the head-neck models are always built based on the statics theory, these are not sufficient to predict the instantaneous variation of the muscle force. In this paper, a head-neck model with multi DOFs is created based on multibody dynamics. Firstly, a driver-vehicle-road model considering driver multi-rigid body model, vehicle subsystems, and different ranks of pavement is built. It is driven on different kinds of road with different velocities, and the accelerations in three different directions around the neck are recorded as the input loads. Then the ligaments, tendons and muscles around the neck are represented by different force elements, further the neck and head are formed as an inverted pendulum with three degrees of rotational freedom. The model is utilized to predict the head-neck muscle force by the usage of recorded input loads. By the comparison for various vehicle parameters, kinematic posture and muscle forces, it can be judged whether the vehicle is well engineered to protect drivers from neck muscle fatigue and neck injury. This work may not only help the designers to make the vehicles much more humanized, but also give some advice to the drivers on avoiding some health hazard.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Physiological role of anticipatory cardiorespiratory responses to exercise (2022)

This study aimed to investigate whether anticipatory cardiorespiratory responses vary depending on the intensity of the subsequent exercise bout, and whether anticipatory cardiorespiratory adjustments contribute importantly to enhancing exercise performance during high-intensity exercise. Eleven healthy men were provided advance notice of the exercise intensity and a countdown to generate anticipation during 10 min prior to exercise at 0, 50, 80 or 95% maximal work-rate (Experiment 1). A different group of subjects (n = 15) performed a time to exhaustion trial with or without anticipatory countdown (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, heart rate (HR), oxygen uptake (V<sub>O2</sub> ) and minute ventilation (V<sub>E</sub> ) during pre-exercise resting period increased over time and depended on the subsequent exercise intensity. Specifically, there was already a 7.4% increase in HR from more than 5 min prior to the start of exercise at 95% maximal work-rate, followed by progressively augmented increases of 12.5% between 2 and 3 min before exercise, 24.4% between 0 and 1 min before exercise. In Experiment 2, the initial HR for the first 10 s of exercise in the task with anticipation was 11.4% larger compared to without anticipation (p < 0.01), and the difference in HR between the two conditions decreased in a time-dependent manner. In contrast, the initial increases in V<sub>O2</sub> and V<sub>E</sub> were significantly lower in the task with anticipation than that without anticipation. The time to exhaustion during high-intensity exercise was 14.6% longer under anticipation condition compared to no anticipation (135 ± 26 s vs. 119 ± 26 s, p = 0.003). In addition, the enhanced exercise performance correlated positively with increased HR response just before and immediately after exercise onset (p < 0.01). These results showed that anticipatory cardiorespiratory adjustments (feedforward control) via the higher brain that operate before starting exercise may play an important role in minimizing the time delay of circulatory response and enhancing performance after onset of high-intensity exercise in man.
A physical map of the highly heterozygous Populus genome: integration with the genome sequence and genetic map and analysis of haplotype variation (2007)

As part of a larger project to sequence the Populus genome and generate genomic resources for this emerging model tree, we constructed a physical map of the Populus genome, representing one of the few such maps of an undomesticated, highly heterozygous plant species. The physical map, consisting of 2802 contigs, was constructed from fingerprinted bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones. The map represents approximately 9.4-fold coverage of the Populus genome, which has been estimated from the genome sequence assembly to be 485 +/- 10 Mb in size. BAC ends were sequenced to assist long-range assembly of whole-genome shotgun sequence scaffolds and to anchor the physical map to the genome sequence. Simple sequence repeat-based markers were derived from the end sequences and used to initiate integration of the BAC and genetic maps. A total of 2411 physical map contigs, representing 97% of all clones assigned to contigs, were aligned to the sequence assembly (JGI Populus trichocarpa, version 1.0). These alignments represent a total coverage of 384 Mb (79%) of the entire poplar sequence assembly and 295 Mb (96%) of linkage group sequence assemblies. A striking result of the physical map contig alignments to the sequence assembly was the co-localization of multiple contigs across numerous regions of the 19 linkage groups. Targeted sequencing of BAC clones and genetic analysis in a small number of representative regions showed that these co-aligning contigs represent distinct haplotypes in the heterozygous individual sequenced, and revealed the nature of these haplotype sequence differences.
Design Criteria for Bolted Connection Elements in Aluminum Alloy 6061 (1999)

Plates frequently find use as connecting elements in structures built from aluminum alloys. Many structural elements employ mechanical fasteners. Design of connections necessitates that due consideration be given to: (a) bolt or rivet failure, (b) progressive bearing distress of material adjacent to the fastener(s), (c) net-section tensile failure, and (d) tear out of the fastener group(s). Current design provisions for block shear failures of bolted and riveted joints in aluminum-based alloys make use of models initially developed for structural steels or, alternatively, fail to address an estimation of joint capacity. Shear failure of aluminum connecting elements is the focus of this paper. An experimental and analytical program was undertaken with the objective of studying block shear failure of aluminum connecting elements. Twenty aluminum alloy 6061-T6 gusset plates, representing four different bolt patterns, were mechanically deformed. Models to estimate the capacity of the joints are examined and compared with experimental results. Strain distribution around the periphery of the connections were measured and compared to finite element predictions. The correlations between the design models and experimental observations are highlighted.
Título en español. (1984)

Se estudió la viabilidad de elaborar "pasteles" y "alcapurrias", dos platos nativos, con mezclas de harina de plátano (Musa acuminata x balbisiana AAB), de yuca (Manihot esculenta) y de yautía (Xanthosoma spp.). Las mezclas de harinas se prepararon con porcentajes de 50-25-25, 60-20- 20, 75-15-1 0 y 75-1 0-15 en el mismo orden: plátano, yuca y yautía. Las masas para los pasteles y alcapurrias se prepararon con 454 g de las mezclas de harinas, 1,250 g de agua hirviendo, 11.5 g de sal y 36.0 g de achiote en aceite. Los pasteles se rellenaron con carne de cerdo picada en dados y guisada; las alcapurrias con carne de res molida guisada. En ambos casos se siguió el método comúnmente recomendado para prepararlos. Los catadores apreciaron la calidad de los pasteles y alcapurrias por 3 meses a temperaturas de - 23.3° C y los juzgaron aceptables.
Guidelines for laboratory testing and result reporting of antibody to hepatitis C virus. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2003)

Testing for the presence of antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) is recommended for initially identifying persons with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (CDC. Recommendations for prevention and control of hepatitis C virus [HCV] infection and HCV-related chronic disease. MMWR 1998;47[No. RR-19] :1-33). Testing for anti-HCV should include use of an antibody screening assay, and for screening test-positive results, a more specific supplemental assay. Verifying the presence of anti-HCV minimizes unnecessary medical visits and psychological harm for persons who test falsely positive by screening assays and ensures that counseling, medical referral, and evaluation are targeted for patients serologically confirmed as having been infected with HCV. However, substantial variation in reflex supplemental testing practices exists among laboratories, and an anti-HCV-positive laboratory report does not uniformly represent a confirmed positive result. These guidelines expand recommendations for anti-HCV testing to include an option for reflex supplemental testing based on screening-test-positive signal-to-cut-off (s/co) ratios. Use of s/co ratios minimizes the amount of supplemental testing that needs to be performed while improving the reliability of reported test results. These guidelines were developed on the basis of available knowledge of CDC staff in consultation with representatives from the Food and Drug Administration and public health, hospital, and independent laboratories. Adoption of these guidelines by all public and private laboratories that perform in vitro diagnostic anti-HCV testing will improve the accuracy and utility of reported anti-HCV test results for counseling and medical evaluation of patients by health-care professionals and for surveillance by public health departments.
Aminopyridines. I. β-Hydroxyalkylaminopyridines via Glycolamidopyridines1 (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAminopyridines. I. β-Hydroxyalkylaminopyridines via Glycolamidopyridines1Allan P. Gray and Donald E. HeitmeierCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 16, 4347–4350Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01525a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01525a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views219Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts