gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Continuous overturn control of compactors/rollers by rollover protective structures (2008)

The objective of this article is to report on the effectiveness of Rollover Protective Structures (ROPS) in preventing continuous overturns of compactors/rollers. This study is a case-based analysis of government investigation reports of injury-related overturns of compactors/rollers. The overturns were predominately on construction sites including road and embankment construction in the USA. Other sites included driveway and roadway maintenance or repair and transporting of compactors/rollers either by driving or when loading on or unloading from trailers. The principle intervention observed in controlling a continuous overturn (a roll beyond 90° relative to the impact surface) was the presence of a ROPS on a compactor/roller that serves as an anti-roll bar. The main outcome measures are cases of compactor/roller overturns that are restricted to a 90° roll or are continuous (exceed a 90° roll.) All cases of an overturn in which a ROPS was present resulted in no continuous overturn, and the cases involved with no ROPS averaged an overturn of 301°, showing a propensity for a continuous overturn. This case-based analysis identified a ROPS on compactors/rollers as an effective control for reducing the risk of an overturn to 90° relative to the impact plane.
Maturation of late Golgi cisternae into RabERAB11exocytic post-Golgi carriers visualized in vivo (2014)

The mechanism(s) by which proteins traverse and exit the Golgi are incompletely understood. Using Aspergillus nidulans hyphae, we show that late Golgi cisternae undergo changes in composition to gradually lose Golgi identity while acquiring post-Golgi RabE(RAB11) identity. This behavior of late Golgi cisternae is consistent with the cisternal maturation model. Post-Golgi RabE(RAB11) carriers travel to, and accumulate at, the apex, indicating that fusion is rate limiting for exocytosis. These carriers, which are loaded with kinesin, dynein, and MyoE(MYO5), move on a microtubule-based bidirectional conveyor belt relaying them to actin, which ultimately focuses exocytosis at the apex. Dynein drags RabE(RAB11) carriers away if engagement of MyoE(MYO5) to actin cables fails. Microtubules seemingly cooperating with F-actin capture can sustain secretion if MyoE(MYO5) is absent. Thus, filamentous fungal secretion involving post-Golgi carriers is remarkably similar, mechanistically, to the transport of melanosomes in melanocyte dendrites, even though melanosome biogenesis involves lysosomes rather than Golgi.
All-optical phase shifter with photovoltaic liquid crystal cell (2016)

Liquid crystal cells with LiNbO<sub>3</sub>:Fe crystals as substrates, are described. The photovoltaic field generated by the substrates is able to reorient the liquid crystal director thus giving rise to a phase shift on the light propagating through the cell, as in liquid crystal light valves. The process does not require the application of an external electric field, thus being potentially useful for applications requiring a high degree of compactness. A detailed characterization of several cells based on lithium niobate crystals with different iron concentration has been carried out. The correlation between the LiNbO<sub>3</sub>:Fe characteristics and the liquid crystal reorientation is also discussed.
Regulatory mechanism of secondary metabolism in streptomyces (2004)

Streptomyces is Gram-positive, filamentous, soil-inhabiting bacteria, which is characterized by the complex morphologloal differentiation and the ability to produce various valuable secondary metabelites, including compounds used as antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, antiparasitic and immunosuppressive drags. Them are huge and complicated regulatory networks of secondary metabolism in Streptomyces .These networks can be classified into three levels in genetics. The lowest level is pathway-specific regulation.The regulatory genes are elusterdinkad and regulate transcription of antibiotic biosynthetic genes. This regulation is growth-phase dependent. The middle one is pleiotropic regulation. #gamma#-butyrolactone is a low-weight molecule, which is expected to be the hormone of Streptomyces. The signalling systems in which #gamma#-butyrolactone is involved control more than one pathway of secondary metabolism and/or morphological differentiation. The highest one is global regulation, regulating both cell differenliation and secondary metabolites production. These genes usually lie beyond the biosymhetie gene ehlster. Two-component type signal transduction systems are global regulators in Steptomyces. With the new developed technologies, including microarray applying to the research of the secondary metabolism regulation, more regulatory networks will be elucidated. These knowledge will provide the basis for elevating the yields of secondary metabelites by the method of metabolic engineering, optimizing their structure and investigating more novel and useful agents.
Inflammation Combined with Ischemia Produces Myelin Injury and Plaque-Like Aggregates of Myelin, Amyloid-β and AβPP in Adult Rat Brain (2015)

LPS/IS/H produce myelin injury and plaque-like aggregates of myelin. AβPP and Aβ co-localize with these myelin aggregates.
Etiology of lumbar lordosis and its pathophysiology: a review of the evolution of lumbar lordosis, and the mechanics and biology of lumbar degeneration (2014)

The goal of this review is to discuss the mechanisms of postural degeneration, particularly the loss of lumbar lordosis commonly observed in the elderly in the context of evolution, mechanical, and biological studies of the human spine and to synthesize recent research findings to clinical management of postural malalignment. Lumbar lordosis is unique to the human spine and is necessary to facilitate our upright posture. However, decreased lumbar lordosis and increased thoracic kyphosis are hallmarks of an aging human spinal column. The unique upright posture and lordotic lumbar curvature of the human spine suggest that an understanding of the evolution of the human spinal column, and the unique anatomical features that support lumbar lordosis may provide insight into spine health and degeneration. Considering evolution of the skeleton in isolation from other scientific studies provides a limited picture for clinicians. The evolution and development of human lumbar lordosis highlight the interdependence of pelvic structure and lumbar lordosis. Studies of fossils of human lineage demonstrate a convergence on the degree of lumbar lordosis and the number of lumbar vertebrae in modern Homo sapiens. Evolution and spine mechanics research show that lumbar lordosis is dictated by pelvic incidence, spinal musculature, vertebral wedging, and disc health. The evolution, mechanics, and biology research all point to the importance of spinal posture and flexibility in supporting optimal health. However, surgical management of postural deformity has focused on restoring posture at the expense of flexibility. It is possible that the need for complex and costly spinal fixation can be eliminated by developing tools for early identification of patients at risk for postural deformities through patient history (genetics, mechanics, and environmental exposure) and tracking postural changes over time.
Supplemental Table 3 from A <i>let-7</i> microRNA-Binding Site Polymorphism in <i>KRAS</i> Predicts Improved Outcome in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Treated with Salvage Cetuximab/Panitumumab Monotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Outcome and survival analysis according to KRAS 3'-UTR LCS6 genotypes and other clinical variables for the entire population.&lt;/p&gt;
Scintigraphy versus manometry in patients with suspected biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (2003)

Our findings indicate that scintigraphy using these methods of analysis correlates poorly with manometry in post cholecystectomy patients with suspected biliary SO dysfunction.
Transcriptome-wide analysis of matched biopsy and prostatectomy to measure genomic classifiers of prostate cancer progression and field effect. (2014)

85 Background: Active surveillance (AS) allows patients with localized prostate cancer to delay and even avoid treatments that carry risk of significant side-effects. However, biomarkers are needed to more accurately risk-stratify patients and enhance acceptance of AS. Challenges with biomarkers measured from needle biopsy specimen that need to be address include limited material, tumor and specimen heterogeneity and fragmentation of RNA. Methods: A total of 23 patients with matched formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) biopsy and radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens were identified at University of California, San Francisco and Cedar Sinai. For each patient, samples were taken from tumor, non-neoplastic tissue adjacent to tumor (NAT) and non-neoplastic tissue contralateral to tumor (NCT) from both biopsy and RP specimens. RNA expression was measured in 130 samples using the 1.4 million feature Affymetrix Human Exon 1.0 ST arrays. Results: From 1 mm cylindrical cores punched from FFPE blocks, sufficient RNA was extracted for the assay from 63 out of 69 (91%) biopsy specimens and 69 out of 69 (100%) RP specimens. Median RNA yield from biopsies was lower than RP specimens but a similar quantity and quality of cDNA was amplified from the 100 ng RNA required for the assay. RNA from 62/63 (98%) of the biopsy specimens and 68/69 (99%) of the RP specimens generated expression data that passed quality control. Genomic classifiers (GC) predicting metastasis (GC1) and presence of high Gleason grade tumor (GC2) were highly correlated between matched biopsy and RP specimens with R=0.74 (p=0.0003) and R=0.63 (p=0.004), respectively. For GC2, matched tumor and NAT from RP had a higher correlation (R=0.57, p=0.0045) than matched tumor and NCT (R=0.10, p=0.67). There was no relationship between percentage of stromal contamination in the biopsy and the GC scores for either classifier, R=0.02 (p=0.91) and R=-0.16 (p=0.28) respectively. Conclusions: RNA expression levels can be measured in FFPE needle biopsy on a genome-wide scale with similar data quality compared to RP specimens. GC scores from biopsies and RP samples correlate well, are robust to stromal contamination, and are present in adjacent non-neoplastic tissue.
Introduction (2009)

In Some Reflections Upon Marriage (1700), Mary Astell (1666–1731) wryly observes that it is ‘Men who dispute for Truth as well as Men who argue against it; Histories are writ by them, they recount each others great Exploits, and have always done so.’ It might have pleased Astell to learn that, more than three hundred years later, many women would also be historians, and that women's exploits now rate a mention in the standard history books. More recently, women's intellectual history has also begun to receive scholarly attention. In the case of the history of political thought, there have been several articles about women's political ideas, and a few monographs devoted to individual figures, as well as collections of essays on female political thinkers in particular historical periods and locations. Recent developments in this area are partly due to the fact that women's political texts are now more publicly available than ever before. But Astell's observation still holds true in one respect: even though the best-known histories of political thought are no longer written solely by men, they still tend to be about men – especially well-known men, such as Plato, Aristotle, Dante, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau. In this book, we aim to redress the imbalance by providing a history of women's political thought in Europe from the late medieval to the early modern period.
Physical Description and Experimental Characterization of the Resistive Switching Filament. (2014)

Abstract not provided.
Mining a Kröhnke Pyridine Library for Anti-Arenavirus Activity (2018)

Several arenaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever (HF) disease in humans and represent important public health problems in their endemic regions. In addition, evidence indicates that the worldwide-distributed prototypic arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus is a neglected human pathogen of clinical significance. There are no licensed arenavirus vaccines, and current antiarenavirus therapy is limited to an off-label use of ribavirin that is only partially effective. Therefore, there is an unmet need for novel therapeutics to combat human pathogenic arenaviruses, a task that will be facilitated by the identification of compounds with antiarenaviral activity that could serve as probes to identify arenavirus-host interactions suitable for targeting, as well as lead compounds to develop future antiarenaviral drugs. Screening of a combinatorial library of Krönhke pyridines identified compound KP-146 [(5-(5-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[ b][1,4] dioxin-6-yl)-4'-methoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)thiophene-2-carboxamide] as having strong anti-lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) activity in cultured cells. KP-146 did not inhibit LCMV cell entry but rather interfered with the activity of the LCMV ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) responsible for directing virus RNA replication and gene transcription, as well as with the budding process mediated by the LCMV matrix Z protein. LCMV variants with increased resistance to KP-146 did not emerge after serial passages in the presence of KP-146. Our findings support the consideration of Kröhnke pyridine scaffold as a valuable source to identify compounds that could serve as tools to dissect arenavirus-host interactions, as well as lead candidate structures to develop antiarenaviral drugs.
Functional divergence in the Arabidopsis LOB-domain gene family (2012)

The Arabidopsis LOB-domain (LBD) gene family is composed by 43 members divided in two classes based on amino acid conservation within the LOB-domain. The LOB domain is known to be responsible for DNA binding and protein-protein interactions. There is very little functional information available for most genes in the LBD family and many lbd single mutants do not exhibit conspicuous phenotypes. One plausible explanation for the limited loss-of-function phenotypes observed in this family is that LBD genes exhibit significant functional redundancy. Here we discuss an example of one phylogenetic subgroup of the LBD family, in which genes that are closely related based on phylogeny exhibit distinctly different expression patterns and do not have overlapping functions. We discuss the challenges of using phylogenetic analyses to predict redundancy in gene families.
Long-Term Analysis and Prospective Validation of a Prognostic Model for Patients with High-Risk Primary Breast Cancer Receiving High-Dose Chemotherapy (2004)

Few relapses are seen after year 5 of follow-up, which indicates the need for mature results of the randomized trials before their final interpretation or meta-analysis. Our prospectively validated prognostic model, if additionally confirmed in the randomized trial populations, may provide an insight into the relative benefit of HDC in different risk patient subsets.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-4 from Breast Cancer–Derived Bone Metastasis Can Be Effectively Reduced through Specific c-MET Inhibitor Tivantinib (ARQ 197) and shRNA c-MET Knockdown (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDf file - 59K&lt;/p&gt;
Génesis del queratocono, el “neuromisterio” mejor guardado: una visión neuroquímica y neurodegenerativa (2020)

The act of rubbing eyes with hardness is believed to be one of the most frequent predisposing factors, but not the determinant, in the genesis of the corneal ectasia. However, to better understand this phenomenon, we should consider the cornea is the most densely innervated structure of the body, with cells aligned to unmyelinated nerve fibers that are guided by magneto-taxis waves with two different conduction directions: the arc reflex, where the stimulus generates an efferent response, and the arc where the stimulus generates an inflammatory process previous to their response. This is similar to what happens in the respiratory system or the gut where the inflammation is organized in the direction of the efferent stimuli. These initial stimuli, from the processes which finally are generating the act of rubbing eyes, are similar as it happens with the cough reflex or the bowel movements.When the corneal ectasia stages are progressing, clearly is possible to observe disorganization and rupture of the sub-basal nervous plexus, as well as changes in metabolites, secondary to the neurodegenerative process. To improve diagnosis and futures treatments, it is mandatory to identify what is leading those changes, which are expressing and affecting structural alterations of the corneal collagen.
Predictive correlation for binary diffusion coefficients in dense carbon dioxide (1992)

Abstract Binary diffusion coefficients of some organic compounds in carbon dioxide at 313.2 K and 16.0/25.0 MPa were measured by using the Taylor‐Aris tracer response technique. We propose a new correlation of Schmidt numbers as a function of solvent molar volumes for predicting binary diffusion coefficients in dence CO 2 and self‐diffusion coefficients of dense CO 2 . The correlation was also found to be valid for predicting self‐diffusion coefficients of dense CH 4 at F v /A* &lt; 40 or v 2 /(ṽ 2 ) 0 &gt; 1.62.
The Locally Weighted Bag of Words Framework for Document Representation (2007)

The popular bag of words assumption represents a document as a histogram of word occurrences. While computationally efficient, such a representation is unable to maintain any sequential information. We present an effective sequential document representation that goes beyond the bag of words representation and its n-gram extensions. This representation uses local smoothing to embed documents as smooth curves in the multinomial simplex thereby preserving valuable sequential information. In contrast to bag of words or n-grams, the new representation is able to robustly capture medium and long range sequential trends in the document. We discuss the representation and its geometric properties and demonstrate its applicability for various text processing tasks.
WhiD and WhiB, Homologous Proteins Required for Different Stages of Sporulation in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) (2000)

The whiD locus, which is required for the differentiation of Streptomyces coelicolor aerial hyphae into mature spore chains, was localized by map-based cloning to the overlap between cosmids 6G4 and D63 of the minimal ordered library of Redenbach et al. (M. Redenbach et al., Mol. Microbiol. 21:77-96, 1996). Subcloning and sequencing showed that whiD encodes a homologue of WhiB, a protein required for the initiation of sporulation septation in S. coelicolor. WhiD and WhiB belong to a growing family of small (76- to 112-residue) proteins of unknown biochemical function in which four cysteines are absolutely conserved; all known members of this family are found in the actinomycetes. A constructed whiD null mutant showed reduced levels of sporulation, and those spores that did form were heat sensitive, lysed extensively, and were highly irregular in size, arising at least in part from irregularity in septum placement. The whiD null mutant showed extreme variation in spore cell wall deposition; most spores had uniformly thin (20- to 30-nm) walls, but spore chains were frequently observed in which there was irregular but very pronounced (up to 170 nm) cell wall thickening at the junctions between spores. whiD null mutant spores were frequently partitioned into irregular smaller units through the deposition of additional septa, which were often laid down in several different planes, very close to the spore poles. These "minicompartments" appeared to be devoid of chromosomal DNA. Two whiD promoters, whiDp1 and whiDp2, were identified, and their activities were analyzed during development of wild-type S. coelicolor on solid medium. Both promoters were developmentally regulated; whiDp1 and whiDp2 transcripts were detected transiently, approximately at the time when sporulation septa were observed in the aerial hyphae.
Serum Androgen Bioactivity in Adolescence: A Longitudinal Study of Boys with Constitutional Delay of Puberty (2004)

We have examined the relationship between serum androgen bioactivity, as measured with a recombinant cell bioassay, and progression of puberty in 14 boys with constitutional delay of puberty. Six boys were followed up without treatment (control group), and eight boys received low-dose (1 mg/kg) testosterone enanthate im for 0-6 months together with an aromatase inhibitor, letrozole, 2.5 mg orally once a day for 0-12 months (treatment group). In the control group, serum androgen bioactivity increased during the course of puberty (P < 0.001). During 0-12 months of the study, the boys in the treatment group had higher androgen bioactivity levels (P < 0.05) and faster rate of pubic hair growth than the control boys (P < 0.05). Overall, the average serum androgen bioactivity during 12 months of follow-up correlated strongly with the concomitant changes in Tanner genital (r(S) = 0.89; n = 13; P < 0.005) and pubic hair stages (r(S) = 0.79; n = 13; P < 0.01). In conclusion, our results suggest that circulating androgen bioactivity mediates the tempo of pubertal maturation and that the combination of testosterone and letrozole given to boys with constitutional delay of puberty accelerates puberty.
Module Level Electronic Circuit Based PV Array for Identification and Reconfiguration of Bypass Modules (2020)

In this article, a novel electronic circuit based on optocoupler is designed for each module of photovoltaic (PV) array to deal with partial shading conditions. The proposed circuit not only provides electronic monitoring at the module level but also ensures the reconfiguration of bypass modules. The control framework of the proposed scheme works in two steps. In Step-1, the PV array is connected in series-parallel (SP) configuration and the power-voltage (P-V) curve is traced to search the global maximum (GM). In Step-2, bypass modules are separated from PV array through their respective electronic circuits in a decentralized control manner, and the power of bypass modules is stored in the battery. The proposed electronic circuit provides a low cost solution as it is free from expensive sensing and complex switching network. Moreover, the control operation of proposed scheme is simple. The proposed scheme is verified through computer-aided simulations and a hardware prototype of 170 W. The comparative study indicates that the proposed scheme yields more energy than past proposed solutions.
Protocol for the generation of axenic/bacteria-depleted Symbiodiniaceae cultures v1 (2019)

This protocol produces bacteria-depleted (“axenic”) Symbiodiniaceae cultures. The depletion level achieved using the following methods is comparable to what was previously described as an “axenic” culture (Bieri et al., 2016; Xiang et al., 2013). The present protocol was applied to 10 Symbiodiniaceae strains and proved successful in generating bacteria-depleted cultures after its application, for an extended period of time (up to 4 weeks), characterized by both culture-dependent and -independent techniques. Tested cultures showed normal growth and photosynthetic efficiency after recovery from the treatment. Variations of the protocol were developed to increase the success of bacterial depletion for different microalgal strains and to make it applicable to algal strains that do not grow well on solid media. Treatments can also be performed in 24-well plates in order to facilitate the measurement of Fv/Fmthrough the plate bottom using a fiber optic cable, in order to track photophysiology. This protocol was developed in parallel with a recently published method (Costa et al., 2019) to generate bacteria-depleted Aiptasia CC7 polyps, in order to have a toolbox at disposal to disassemble the different compartments of an anthozoan metaorganism for functional testing: the bacterial microbiome, the microalgal symbionts, and the anthozoan host animal. All steps of culture manipulation in this protocol must be done under a sterile environment, using common sterile work practices!