gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Manufacturing economic outlook for production of electric vehicle (1994)

Results of a study on the manufacturing of components of electric vehicles (EVs) in North Carolina are reported. Data are obtained from a consumer survey to ascertain the level of customer interest in EVs, coupled with data related to automobile manufacturing. The model uses input/output analysis for the EV manufacturing sector. An estimate is also made of the value of the potential economic impact (salaries of employees) of NC`s share of the total US manufacturing of EVs. The total US manufacturing effort for EVs was evaluated at the present California mandated levels of 2, 5 and 10% levels. This analysis indicates the NC manufacturing economic impact to be $8.6--$86 million annually, over the range of number of vehicles and vehicle cost. The range of the NC economic impacts went from a loss of $2--$10 million in carburators, pistons and rings to a gain of $19--$95 million for electric motors/generators. The above points out significant and potentially negative impact of EVs for certain automobile component industries. This suggests that in regions not participating in the development of EV manufacturing, the potential loss of manufacturing (due to the replacement of internal combustion engine vehicles by EVs) could be substantial. Suggestions are mademore » to reduce this impact.« less
Q impact of load characteristic on dynamic security region of power system (2010)

DSR (dynamic security region) is one of the direct methods focusing on the transient stability of power system. This paper focuses on the DSRs of power system with different load models, and explores the characteristic of the DSRs of the power system with constant impedance load and motor load. It deduces the algorithm for DSR of power system described with differential algebraic equation, after introducing the theory of DSR for power system with network-reduction model. And then, it presents the mathematical models for the constant impedance load and motor load. Based on the simulation results, it presents the DSRs for the power system with respect to constant impedance load and motor load, respectively. And furthermore, it compares the characteristic of the DSRs of power system with different loads, and summarizes the impact of different loads characteristic on the DSR.
Towards inferring language expertise using eye tracking (2013)

We present initial work towards recognizing reading activities. This paper describes our efforts detect the English skill level of a user and infer which words are difficult for them to understand. We present an initial study of 5 students and show our findings regarding the skill level assessment. We explain a method to spot difficult words. Eye tracking is a promising technology to examine and assess a user's skill level.
Minireview: Overview of the Renin-Angiotensin System—An Endocrine and Paracrine System (2003)

Since the discovery of renin as a pressor substance in 1898, the renin-angiotensin (RAS) system has been extensively studied because it remains a prime candidate as a causative factor in the development and maintenance of hypertension. Indeed, some of the properties of the physiologically active component of the RAS, angiotensin II, include vasoconstriction, regulation of renal sodium and water absorption, and increasing thirst. Initially, its affect on blood pressure was thought to be mediated primarily through the classical endocrine pathway; that is, the generation of blood-borne angiotensin with actions in target tissues. More recently, however, it has become appreciated that a local autocrine or paracrine RAS may exist in a number of tissues, and that these may also play a significant role in regulating blood pressure. Some of the difficulties in studying tissue RAS stem from the limitations of pharmacology in not differentiating between RAS products made systemically from those synthesized locally. However, the development of transgenic animals with highly specific promoters to target the RAS to specific tissues provided important tools to dissect these systems. Thus, this minireview will discuss recent advances in understanding the relationship between endocrine and paracrine (tissue) RAS using transgenic models.
The Influence of Initial Morphology on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Extruded High Density Polyethylene Fibers (1979)

Abstract Ultra-oriented high density polyethylene fibers have been produced by solid state extrusion of various polyethylene morphologies prepared in the reservoir of an Instron Rheometer. A constant extrusion temperature and pressure were used in the following studies: (a) high density polyethylene melted at 170°C and then cooled at ∼1°C min−1 to the desired extrusion temperature below the ambient melting point; (b) a molten sample removed from the rheometer and quenched into an ice-water bath and subsequently extruded; (c) a chain-extended polyethylene prepared by crystallization at 0.49 GPa and 200°C; (d) various chain-folded morphologies prepared by isothermal crystallization between 134°C and 200°C and pressures from 0.12 to 0.49 GPa. The properties of the fibers have been assessed by birefringence, thermal expansivity, differential scanning calorimetry, small angle X-ray scattering, modulus, and tensile strength. Fibers produced from the various isothermally-crystallized morphologies attained, at deformation ratios 20–30, a birefringence (in the draw direction) greater than a perfect polyethylene single crystal value (c-axis) of 0.059 and a maximum modulus of 70 GPa. Maximum birefringence was obtained with increasing crystallization temperature and molecular weight of the chain-folded morphology. Extrusion of chain-extended HDPE of molecular weights 5 × 104–147 × 103 produced brittle fracture of the extrudate. This was explained by the high fraction of segregated low melting polymer between the chain-extended lamellae.
1,8‐Naphthalimide Derivative Dyes with Large Stokes Shifts for Targeting Live‐Cell Mitochondria (2016)

An ideal fluorescent dye for staining cell organelles should have multiple properties including specificity, stability, biocompatibility, and a large Stokes shift. Tunable photophysical properties enable 1,8-naphthalimide to serve as an excellent fluorophore in biomedical applications. Many naphthalimide derivatives have been developed into drugs, sensors, and other dyes. In this study, a series of 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives targeting live cell mitochondria were synthesized. Among these probes, Mt-4 was characterized as the best one, with highly specific mitochondrial localization, low cytotoxicity, and a large Stokes shift. More importantly, Mt-4 stood out as a potential mitochondrial dye for living-cell experiments involving induced mitochondrial stress arising from the treatments because Mt-4 shows enhanced fluorescence in mitochondrial stress situations.
Reversible Modulation of Elasticity in Fluoroazobenzene‐Containing Hydrogels Using Green and Blue Light (2017)

Hydrogels are soft materials that have found multiple applications in biomedicine and represent a good platform for the introduction of molecular switches and synthetic machines into macromolecular networks. Tuning their mechanical properties reversibly with light is appealing for a variety of advanced applications and has been demonstrated in the past; however, their activation typically requires the use of UV light, which displays several drawbacks related to its damaging character and limited penetration in tissues and materials. This study circumvents this limitation by introducing all-visible ortho-fluoroazobenzene switches into a hydrophilic network, which, as a result, can be activated with green or blue light. Photoisomerization of the photochromic moieties is accompanied by a reversible tuning of the elastic modulus. The translation of molecular isomerization within the network into macroscopic modulation of its mechanical properties is attributed to different aggregation tendencies of the E and Z isomers of the azobenzene derivatives.
Face-induced gamma oscillations and event-related potentials in patients with epilepsy: an intracranial EEG study (2022)

A mesial temporal SOZ was associated with an impaired response to faces in the amygdala, fusiform gyrus and parahippocampal gyrus in our patients. Compared to this, the response to faces in the hippocampus was impaired in patients with, as well as without, a mesial temporal SOZ. Our results support existing evidence for face processing deficits in patients with a mesial temporal SOZ and suggest the pathological effect of a mesial temporal SOZ on the amygdala to play a pivotal role in this matter in particular.
Ultra-Broadband Polarization Conversion Meta-Surface and its Application in Polarization Converter and RCS Reduction (2020)

In this paper, an ultra-broadband and high-efficiency polarization conversion metasurface is presented in the terahertz region. The metasureface is similar to a sandwiched structure, which is composed of the top Double Split Ring Resonator (DSRR), an intermediate dielectric layer and a bottom metal layer. Both numerical simulation and theoretical calculation results demonstrate that the proposed metasurface can convert linearly co-polarized waves into cross-polarized waves in the frequency from 2.04 THz to 5.33 THz with a relative bandwidth of 89% and the polarization conversion ratio (PCR) is over 90%. Further simulation results show that the proposed metasurface is insensitive to the polarization angle, and the physical mechanism is revealed in detail by the surface current distribution. In addition, two different kinds of 2-bit coding metasurfaces are designed based on the Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) Phase. The simulated and calculated results show that the proposed PB-coding metasurface has excellent performance in flexibly controlling terahertz wave reflection and low Radar Cross Section (RCS). A 10dB RCS reduction can be achieved from 1.9 THz to 5.5 THz under normal incidence. It provides new degrees of freedom for studying terahertz wave manipulation and reducing RCS.
Exploring Advantages of Diverse Carbon Nanotube Forests with Tailored Structures Synthesized by Supergrowth from Engineered Catalysts (2008)

We explored advantages of diverse carbon nanotube forests with tailored structures synthesized by water-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth (supergrowth) from engineered catalysts. By controlling the catalyst film thickness, we synthesized carbon nanotube (CNT) forests composed from nanotubes with different size and wall number. With extensive characterizations, many interesting dependencies among CNT forest structures and their properties, which were unknown previously, were found. For example, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) showed superior electronic conductivity while single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) showed superior thermal diffusivity, and sparse MWNTs achieved lower threshold voltage for field emission than dense SWNTs. These interesting trends highlight the complexity in designing and choosing the optimum CNT forest for use in applications.
On collaborative detection of TV transmissions in support of dynamic spectrum sharing (2005)

The problem of collaborative spectrum sensing by a group of unlicensed devices is considered in this paper. The problem is placed in the specific setting of identifying available TV channels for use by the unlicensed devices. The system model and analysis developed in the paper is applicable to a number of more general dynamic spectrum sharing scenarios. Through analysis and simulations, it is shown in the paper that collaboration among nodes leads to more efficient spectrum utilization from a system-level point of view, while decreasing computational complexity of detection algorithms at the individual sensing nodes
Turnover Temperature Point in Extensional-Mode Highly Doped Silicon Microresonators (2013)

This paper demonstrates the existence of a local zero temperature coefficient of frequency (i.e., turnover point) in extensional-mode silicon microresonators, fabricated on highly n-type-doped substrates and aligned to the [100] crystalline orientation. It is shown through both theoretical analysis and finite-element simulation that the turnover point in thin-film piezoelectric-on-silicon (TPoS) resonators is a function of doping concentration and orientation. Moreover, the turnover point can be adjusted by changing the thickness ratio of Si and the piezoelectric film (e.g., AlN) in the resonant structure. In order to experimentally validate this result, similar resonators are fabricated on silicon-on-insulator substrates, and the temperature variation of frequency is measured. An overall temperature-induced frequency variation of less than 245 ppm is measured over the range of -40 °C-85 °C for an ~ 25-MHz TPoS resonator aligned to the [100] plane. This is more than a 15-times reduction with respect to the uncompensated conventional silicon resonators reported before. This work is a significant step toward strengthening silicon's position as an alternative resonator technology in the quartz-dominated stable oscillator market.
Demand-based Placement of LDACS Ground Stations to Achieve RNP 0.3 Accuracy for APNT (2017)

Regions with dense air traffic has lower separation between aircrafts to maintain the throughput. Terminal area generally requires high throughput and some of the airports need to maintain 3? nmi separation between two aircrafts. To provide 3? nmi separation RNP 0.3 is required. In this paper we propose two possible ways to fulfill RNP 0.3 NSE requirement using LDACS as an alternate system. The first way is to use LDACS in standalone configuration and the other way is to use a hybrid configuration, where position solution is obtained using LDACS combined with DME. The results show that both the proposed methods, standalone and hybrid configuration fulfill RNP 0.3 NSE requirement. Where standalone configuration is more accurate than hybrid, due to the low ranging error of LDACS system. For our analysis the surveillance data for terminal area of Munich and Frankfurt airports were used. In standalone configuration 5 LDACS stations for Frankfurt and 6 LDACS stations for Munich are sufficient to fulfill RNP 0.3 NSE requirement. In hybrid mode both Frankfurt and Munich only need 3 LDACS stations.
Straight carbon nanotube Y junctions (2001)

Carbon nanotube junctions are of great interest in the fundamental research and nanoelectronic applications. Identical carbon nanotube Y junctions have been successfully synthesized by pyrolysis of methane over cobalt supported on magnesium oxide. The Y junctions have very straight arms with uniform diameters, and the angles between the three arms are close to 120°. Based on the analysis on the structure of the Y junctions the growth mechanism has been discussed. The fact that all the Y junctions grow in a similar way may be very important in the development of nanoelectronic devices.
Copper·Dopamine Complex Induces Mitochondrial Autophagy Preceding Caspase-independent Apoptotic Cell Death (2009)

Parkinsonism is one of the major neurological symptoms in Wilson disease, and young workers who worked in the copper smelting industry also developed Parkinsonism. We have reported the specific neurotoxic action of copper dopamine complex in neurons with dopamine uptake. Copper dopamine complex (100 microm) induces cell death in RCSN-3 cells by disrupting the cellular redox state, as demonstrated by a 1.9-fold increase in oxidized glutathione levels and a 56% cell death inhibition in the presence of 500 microm ascorbic acid; disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential with a spherical shape and well preserved morphology determined by transmission electron microscopy; inhibition (72%, p < 0.001) of phosphatidylserine externalization with 5 microm cyclosporine A; lack of caspase-3 activation; formation of autophagic vacuoles containing mitochondria after 2 h; transfection of cells with green fluorescent protein-light chain 3 plasmid showing that 68% of cells presented autophagosome vacuoles; colocalization of positive staining for green fluorescent protein-light chain 3 and Rhod-2AM, a selective indicator of mitochondrial calcium; and DNA laddering after 12-h incubation. These results suggest that the copper dopamine complex induces mitochondrial autophagy followed by caspase-3-independent apoptotic cell death. However, a different cell death mechanism was observed when 100 microm copper dopamine complex was incubated in the presence of 100 microm dicoumarol, an inhibitor of NAD(P)H quinone:oxidoreductase (EC 1.6.99.2, also known as DT-diaphorase and NQ01), because a more extensive and rapid cell death was observed. In addition, cyclosporine A had no effect on phosphatidylserine externalization, significant portions of compact chromatin were observed within a vacuolated nuclear membrane, DNA laddering was less pronounced, the mitochondria morphology was more affected, and the number of cells with autophagic vacuoles was a near 4-fold less.
Breathtaking (2014)

Breathtaking James Hoch (bio) When your father, dying of cancer,suddenly sits up in bed and saysDon’t you fucking do it to meit can take your breath away. The way the sky late winter blank,then sacked with starlings,leaves you stunned, gropingfor a stone to put on your tongue. See something; say something.A bicycle with no one riding—A joke, cruel child, uncool godwagering the getting wrecked. In possible realms of suffering,a father dying is no big deal.Even the kid who owns the bikelaughs his way to a happy life. Not you, chasing in your earnestgaloshes, enthralled that it isthe dead pedaling, that it isyour soul perched on handlebars singing your favorite songs,begging the dead to pedal onas the bike wobbles and tilts—A red bike down a gray street flanked with rows of forsythia.Starling, father, whiskey, song—In the end he wanted to benone of these things, not even [End Page 148] a ghost in the poem you arewriting him into. Don’tDon’t you fucking do it to meIt takes your breath away. [End Page 149] James Hoch James Hoch is the author of A Parade of Hands (Silverfish Review Press, 2003) and Miscreants (W. W. Norton, 2007). He has received fellowships from the NEA, the Bread Loaf and Sewanee writers’ conferences, St. Albans School for Boys, and the Frost Place. He is Professor of Creative Writing at Ramapo College of New Jersey, and Guest Faculty at Sarah Lawrence. Copyright © 2014 Middlebury College Publications
Using first-order logic to reason about policies (2004)

A policy describes the conditions under which an action is permitted or forbidden. We show that a fragment of (multi-sorted) first-order logic can be used to represent and reason about policies. Because we use first-order logic, policies have a clear syntax and semantics. We show that further restricting the fragment results in a language that is still quite expressive yet is also tractable. More precisely, questions about entailment, such as 'May Alice access the file?', can be answered in time that is a low-order polynomial (indeed, almost linear in some cases), as can questions about the consistency of policy sets. We also give a brief overview of a prototype that we have built whose reasoning engine is based on the logic and whose interface is designed for nonlogicians, allowing them to enter both policies and background information, such as 'Alice is a student', and to ask questions about the policies.
Hearing Loss Among World Trade Center Firefighters and Emergency Medical Service Workers (2019)

More heavily WTC-exposed workers were at increased risk of hearing loss, and group differences persisted for at least 15 years. Those with abnormal hearing sensitivity may benefit from interventions such as hearing aids and other rehabilitation.
Circulating tumor cell detection in hepatocellular carcinoma based on karyoplasmic ratios using imaging flow cytometry (2016)

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) originate from tumor tissues and are associated with cancer prognosis. However, existing technologies for CTC detection are limited owing to a lack of specific or accurate biomarkers. Here, we developed a new method for CTC detection based on the karyoplasmic ratio, without biomarkers. Consecutive patients with liver cancer or non-cancer liver diseases were recruited. CTCs in blood samples were analyzed by imaging flow cytometry based on the karyoplasmic ratio as well as EpCAM and CD45. Microvascular invasion (MVI), tumor recurrence, and survival were recorded for all patients. A total of 56.2 ± 23.8/100,000 cells with high karyoplasmic ratios (HKR cells) were detected in cancer patients, which was higher than the number of HKR cells in the non-cancer group (7.6 ± 2.2/100,000). There was also a difference in HKR cells between liver cancer patients with and without MVI. Based on a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the threshold was 21.8 HKR cells per 100,000 peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and the area under the curve was higher than those of traditional methods (e.g., CD45 and EpCAM staining). These results indicate that the new CTC detection method was more sensitive and reliable than existing methods. Accordingly, it may improve clinical CTC detection.
Trends & Opportunities in Visualization for Physiology: A Multiscale Overview (2022)

Abstract Combining elements of biology, chemistry, physics, and medicine, the science of human physiology is complex and multifaceted. In this report, we offer a broad and multiscale perspective on key developments and challenges in visualization for physiology. Our literature search process combined standard methods with a state‐of‐the‐art visual analysis search tool to identify surveys and representative individual approaches for physiology. Our resulting taxonomy sorts literature on two levels. The first level categorizes literature according to organizational complexity and ranges from molecule to organ. A second level identifies any of three high‐level visualization tasks within a given work: exploration, analysis, and communication. The findings of this report may be used by visualization researchers to understand the overarching trends, challenges, and opportunities in visualization for physiology and to provide a foundation for discussion and future research directions in this area.
438. An approach for the design of breeding programs using genomics (2022)

Design and optimization of modern breeding programs requires methods and software to predict response to multiple-trait and multiple-stage breeding programs based on estimated breeding values and genomic predictions. Here, we introduce and describe the ShinySelAction software for these purposes. ShinySelAction is based on the widely used software SelAction for breeding programs with discrete generations but with a more exact implementation of multiple-stage selection programs and a more direct implementation of information from genomic predictions. This software can be used by breeders to reliably compare alternative breeding programs and for investment decisions for breeding programs that include genomic information.