gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AC Loss Calculation of a Cosine-Theta Dipole Magnet Wound With Coated Conductors by 3D Modeling (2018)

When a magnet wound with coated conductors generates a time-dependent magnetic field, ac losses are generated in coils of the magnet. We have developed a three-dimensional model for electromagnetic field analyses of multilayered coils composing a cosine-theta dipole magnet with an iron yoke. The influence of the iron yoke is considered as the image currents in the iron yoke. Using this model, we conducted electromagnetic field analyses of a dipole magnet, which was designed from the specifications of a rotating gantry for carbon cancer therapy. The time-dependent spatial distributions of ac losses were obtained from the results of electromagnetic field analyses when the magnet was excited at 20 and 30 K. The feasibility of conduction-cooled magnets for the rotating gantry is discussed from the viewpoint of the heat load by ac losses.
Enlarging smaller images before inputting into convolutional neural network: zero-padding vs. interpolation (2019)

Abstract The input to a machine learning model is a one-dimensional feature vector. However, in recent learning models, such as convolutional and recurrent neural networks, two- and three-dimensional feature tensors can also be inputted to the model. During training, the machine adjusts its internal parameters to project each feature tensor close to its target. After training, the machine can be used to predict the target for previously unseen feature tensors. What this study focuses on is the requirement that feature tensors must be of the same size. In other words, the same number of features must be present for each sample. This creates a barrier in processing images and texts, as they usually have different sizes, and thus different numbers of features. In classifying an image using a convolutional neural network (CNN), the input is a three-dimensional tensor, where the value of each pixel in each channel is one feature. The three-dimensional feature tensor must be the same size for all images. However, images are not usually of the same size and so are not their corresponding feature tensors. Resizing images to the same size without deforming patterns contained therein is a major challenge. This study proposes zero-padding for resizing images to the same size and compares it with the conventional approach of scaling images up (zooming in) using interpolation. Our study showed that zero-padding had no effect on the classification accuracy but considerably reduced the training time. The reason is that neighboring zero input units (pixels) will not activate their corresponding convolutional unit in the next layer. Therefore, the synaptic weights on outgoing links from input units do not need to be updated if they contain a zero value. Theoretical justification along with experimental endorsements are provided in this paper.
Low Phase Noise Digital Division by 2 and by 3 of a 30 GHz Coupled Optoelectronic Oscillator (2019)

A frequency synthesis technique based on the division of a coupled optoelectronic oscillator (COEO) reference is presented. This technique overcomes one of the main issues of the most common frequency synthesis technique, namely the phase locked loop (PLL): the inherent phase noise degradation of frequency multiplication. In order to keep the benefits of the frequency division technique, residual phase noise of the dividers has to be reduced as much as possible. This article discusses the results of two digital dividers, a divider by 2 and a divider by 3, both with a 30 GHz COEO reference.
You are what you say (2006)

In today's data-rich networked world, people express many aspects of their lives online. It is common to segregate different aspects in different places: you might write opinionated rants about movies in your blog under a pseudonym while participating in a forum or web site for scholarly discussion of medical ethics under your real name. However, it may be possible to link these separate identities, because the movies, journal articles, or authors you mention are from a sparse relation space whose properties (e.g., many items related to by only a few users) allow re-identification. This re-identification violates people's intentions to separate aspects of their life and can have negative consequences; it also may allow other privacy violations, such as obtaining a stronger identifier like name and address.This paper examines this general problem in a specific setting: re-identification of users from a public web movie forum in a private movie ratings dataset. We present three major results. First, we develop algorithms that can re-identify a large proportion of public users in a sparse relation space. Second, we evaluate whether private dataset owners can protect user privacy by hiding data; we show that this requires extensive and undesirable changes to the dataset, making it impractical. Third, we evaluate two methods for users in a public forum to protect their own privacy, suppression and misdirection. Suppression doesn't work here either. However, we show that a simple misdirection strategy works well: mention a few popular items that you haven't rated.
Record-Breaking Efficiency Back-Contact Heterojunction Crystalline Si Solar Cell and Module (2017)

Record-breaking efficiencies of crystalline Si (c- Si) solar cell (26.33%) and module (24.37%) using a backcontact heterojunction (BCHJ) technology are reported. Utilizing our surface passivation technology of c-Si by amorphous Si and metallization technology, we have achieved the record-breaking conversion efficiencies in the c-Si solar cell and module. Energy loss analysis of the 26.33% BCHJ c-Si solar cell revealed a 27%-efficiency is achievable using our technology. These results show the advantage of the BCHJ technology and provide a path to access new high-efficiency photovoltaic market for the c-Si solar cell.
ChemInform Abstract: SOME REACTIONS WITH 1,2‐DIHYDRO‐2‐OXO‐6‐PHENYL‐4‐STYRYL‐NICOTINONITRILE (1974)

Abstract Die basenkatalysierte Reaktion der Verbindungen (I) und (II) verläuft unter Michael‐Addition, gefolgt von Cyclisierung und Dehydrierung, zu dem Nitril (III), dessen K‐Salz mit den Halogeniden (IV) zu (V) veräthert wird.
Vernacular Literature and Current Affairs in the Early Sixteenth Century: France, England and Scotland (2002)

1Mansfield College, Oxford
Quality of life among patients with Stage II and III breast carcinoma randomized to receive high‐dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow support or intermediate‐dose chemotherapy (2005)

Patients who received more intensive adjuvant therapy experienced transient declines in QOL. By 12 months after therapy, QOL was comparable between the 2 arms, regardless of therapy intensity, and many QOL areas were improved from baseline.
Quantitative Analysis of Ordered Structure in Multinary Alloys by the IKL-ALCHEMI Method and Its Application to Ordering Kinetics (1996)

The IKL-ALCHEMI method proposed by some of the present authors is briefly described in order to demonstrate its usefulness for a submicron-scale analysis of site occupations in multinary systems. The advantage of the IKL-ALCHEMI method is that the site occupation probabilities can be determined uniquely without any assumption concerning the occupation of a particular element. The method has been applied to the ordered structures and the ordering kinetics of alloys in a Cu-Au-Pd system. By combination of the IKL-ALCHEMI and EDX, the structure analysis can be made for a system including phase separation.
Status of human germ cell differentiation from pluripotent stem cells (2012)

Historically, the quality of life of infertile couples has been greatly diminished by the loss of opportunity to conceive. However, beginning with the advent of IVF in the late 1970s, novel clinical interventions have greatly changed the outlook for those with severe forms of infertility. Yet, in cases in which the quality and quantity of germ cells are most compromised, there are few options. In the present paper, the current status of germ cell development from stem cells is reviewed in light of potential utility for basic science and clinical applications.
Meta-Metrics for Simulations in Software Engineering on the Example of Integral Safety Systems (2014)

Vehicles passengers and other traffic participants are protected more and more by integral safety systems. They continuously perceive the vehicles environment to prevent dangerous situations by e.g. emergency braking systems. Furthermore, increasingly intelligent vehicle functions are still of major interest in research and development to reduce the risk of accidents. However, the development and testing of these functions should not rely only on validations on proving grounds and on long-term test-runs in real traffic; instead, they should be extended by virtual testing approaches to model potentially dangerous situations or to re-run specific traffic situations easily. This article outlines meta-metrics as one of todays challenges for the software engineering of these cyber-physical systems to provide guidance during the system development: For example, unstable results of simulation test-runs over the vehicle functions revision history are elaborated as an indicating metric where to focus on with real or further virtual test-runs; furthermore, varying acting time points for the same virtual traffic situation are indicating problems with the reliability to interpret the specific situation. In this article, several of such meta-metrics are discussed and assigned both to different phases during the series development and to different levels of detailedness of virtual testing approaches.
Stable Isotope Fractionation in Fruit Juice Concentrates: Application to the Authentication of Grape and Orange Products (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStable Isotope Fractionation in Fruit Juice Concentrates: Application to the Authentication of Grape and Orange ProductsYunianta, Ben-Li Zhang, Michele Lees, and Gerard J. MartinCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1995, 43, 9, 2411–2417Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00057a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00057a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views239Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Localisation of the aminoglycoside-(3)-N-acetyltransferase isoenzyme II inEscherichia coli (1991)

For the location of the aminoglycoside-(3)-N-acetyltransferase isoenzyme II (AAC(3)-II) in the bacterial cell, two strains were studied: Escherichia coli HB101(pJV03), producing the 31-kDa AAC (3)-II enzyme, and E. coli HB101, which served as a control. From each strain five protein fractions were prepared: culture supernatant, and proteins occurring in the periplasm, cytoplasm, inner membrane and outer membrane. All fractions were tested for enzymatic activity of AAC(3)-II. Most of the acetylating activity was found in the cytoplasmic fraction. The distribution of marker enzymes showed a good separation between the periplasmic and the cytoplasmic fraction.
Evidence That the RHDVI Deletion Genotype Does Not Exist (1997)

To the Editor:

The Rhesus (RH) blood group system, one of the most complex polymorphic systems in humans, encompasses at least 45 antigens. These antigens are carried by at least two red blood cell membrane proteins that are encoded by two homologous genes, RHD and RHCE.[1][1] The RHD antigen is a
Adaptation of Monolithic High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns for Gas Chromatographic Separation Prior to Ion Mobility Spectrometry. (2010)

Abstract not provided.
Molecular Design for a Pinpoint RNA Scission. Interposition of Oligoamines between Two DNA Oligomers1 (1997)

Phosphoramidite monomers having a benzyl or ethyl ester in the side chain have been synthesized for the facile and selective functionalization of oligonucleotides. Various amino compounds were incorporated into the desired sites in oligonucleotides by aminolysis of the esters. The conjugates, in which oligoamines (catalysts for RNA hydrolysis) were interposed between two oligonucleotides, hydrolyzed RNA substrates at exactly the target sites, which was consistent with the results of a computer-modeling study.
Development of the SENT Test for Strain-Based Design of Welded Pipelines (2010)

Strain-based design (SBD) pipelines are being considered to develop hydrocarbon resources in severe environments. As part of a research program to develop a SBD methodology, work was conducted to develop a suitable fracture mechanics test that can be used as part of a strain capacity prediction technique. The single edge notched tensile (SENT) specimen geometry has been chosen due to the similarity in crack-tip constraint conditions with that of defects in pipeline girth welds. This paper describes a single-specimen compliance method suitable for measuring ductile fracture resistance in terms of crack tip opening displacement resistance (CTOD-R) curves. The development work included investigation of the following items: specimen geometry, crack geometry and orientation (including crack depth effects), direct measurement of CTOD. The results demonstrate that toughness measurements obtained using a B = W configuration (B = specimen thickness, W = specimen width) with side grooves are similar to those using a B = 2W configuration without side grooves; however, specimens with side grooves and B = W geometry facilitates even crack growth. Studies of crack depth have shown that ductile fracture resistance decreases with increasing ratio of the initial crack depth to specimen width, a0/W. Studies of notch location and orientation (outer diameter (OD) and inner diameter (ID) surface notches and through-thickness notches) have shown an effect of this variable on the CTOD-R curves. This has been partly attributed to crack progression (tearing direction) with respect to weld geometry and this effect is consistent with damage modeling predictions. However the experimentally observed difference of CTOD-R curves between ID and OD notches is believed to be primarily due to the material variability through the pipe thickness.
Type-II CdSe/CdTe Core/Crown Semiconductor Nanoplatelets (2014)

We have synthesized atomically flat CdSe/CdTe core/crown nanoplatelets (NPLs) with thicknesses of 3, 4, and 5 monolayers with fine control of the crown lateral dimensions. In these type-II NPLs, the charges separate spatially, and the electron wave function is localized in the CdSe core while the hole wave function is confined in the CdTe crown. The exciton's recombination occurs across the heterointerface, and as a result of their spatially indirect band gap, an important emission red shift up to the near-infrared region (730 nm) is observed with long fluorescence lifetimes that range from 30 to 860 ns, depending on the type of interface between the core and the crown. These type-II NPLs have a high quantum yield of 50% that can be further improved to 70% with a gradient interface. We have characterized these novel CdSe/CdTe core/crown NPLs using UV-vis, emission, and excitation spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.
Brownian motion in strongly fluctuating liquid (2019)

In this paper is reported how the Brownian motion of colloids (beads) immersed in a liquid can be affected by the local properties of the fluid and how, in turn, it can alter them. Near- critical (...)
Deep Photo Style Transfer (2017)

This paper introduces a deep-learning approach to photographic style transfer that handles a large variety of image content while faithfully transferring the reference style. Our approach builds upon the recent work on painterly transfer that separates style from the content of an image by considering different layers of a neural network. However, as is, this approach is not suitable for photorealistic style transfer. Even when both the input and reference images are photographs, the output still exhibits distortions reminiscent of a painting. Our contribution is to constrain the transformation from the input to the output to be locally affine in colorspace, and to express this constraint as a custom fully differentiable energy term. We show that this approach successfully suppresses distortion and yields satisfying photorealistic style transfers in a broad variety of scenarios, including transfer of the time of day, weather, season, and artistic edits.
Overexpression of LLT1 (CLEC2D) on prostate cancer cells inhibits NK cell-mediated killing through LLT1-NKRP1A interaction (TUM10P.1052) (2015)

Abstract Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer diagnosed and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in American men. Natural Killer (NK) cells are the first line of defense against cancer and infections. In order to establish and grow, cancer cells must escape NK cell-mediated killing. NK cell function is regulated by a delicate balance between signals received through activating and inhibitory receptors. We have identified LLT1 (Lectin-like transcript 1 or CLEC2D) as a counter-receptor for the NK cell inhibitory receptor NKRP1A (CD161). Interaction of LLT1 expressed on target cells with NKRP1A inhibits NK cell activation. Recently, we have found that LLT1 is overexpressed on DU145, LNCaP, and PC3 prostate cancer cells both at the mRNA and protein level. Blocking LLT1 interaction with NKRP1A by anti-LLT1 mAb increased the killing of prostate cancer cells. NK-mediated killing of DU145 in the presence of anti-LLT1 mAb showed the maximum killing. Also, LLT1 was found to be overexpressed in primary prostate cancer tissues, whereas its level of expression was minimal in normal prostate tissue. The results indicate that prostate cancer cells may evade immune attack by NK cells by expressing LLT1 gene to inhibit NK cell-mediated cytolytic activity through LLT1-NKRP1A interaction. Blocking LLT1-NKRP1A interaction will make prostate cancer cells susceptible to killing by NK cells and therefore may be a new therapeutic option for treatment of prostate cancer.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMISCHE ALKYLIERUNG VON PHENOL MIT OLEFINEN (1970)

Abstract Vortragstext, gehalten auf dem Symposium der Division of Petroleum Chemistry Inc., der American Chemical Society in Houston vom 22. ‐ 27.2.70.
Microcirculatory and mitochondrial hypoxia in sepsis, shock, and resuscitation (2015)

After shock, persistent oxygen extraction deficit despite the apparent adequate recovery of systemic hemodynamic and oxygen-derived variables has been a source of uncertainty and controversy. Dysfunction of oxygen transport pathways during intensive care underlies the sequelae that lead to organ failure, and the limitations of techniques used to measure tissue oxygenation in vivo have contributed to the lack of progress in this area. Novel techniques have provided detailed quantitative insight into the determinants of microcirculatory and mitochondrial oxygenation. These techniques, which are based on the oxygen-dependent quenching of phosphorescence or delayed luminescence are briefly reviewed. The application of these techniques to animal models of shock and resuscitation revealed the heterogeneous nature of oxygen distributions and the alterations in oxygen distribution in the microcirculation and in mitochondria. These studies identified functional shunting in the microcirculation as an underlying cause of oxygen extraction deficit observed in states of shock and resuscitation. The translation of these concepts to the bedside has been enabled by our development and clinical introduction of hand-held microscopy. This tool facilitates the direct observation of the microcirculation and its alterations at the bedside under the conditions of shock and resuscitation. Studies identified loss of coherence between the macrocirculation and the microcirculation, in which resuscitation successfully restored systemic circulation but did not alleviate microcirculatory perfusion alterations. Various mechanisms responsible for these alterations underlie the loss of hemodynamic coherence during unsuccessful resuscitation procedures. Therapeutic resolution of persistent heterogeneous microcirculatory alterations is expected to improve outcomes in critically ill patients.
Object orientation : concepts, analysis & design, languages, databases, graphical user interfaces, standards (1995)

Abstract Data Types Inheritance Object Identity Object-Oriented Analysis and Design Overview of Object-Oriented Languages C++ Object-Oriented Databases User Interfaces Standards in Object Orientation Appendix References Index.
Fault Detection of Helicopter Gearboxes Using the Multi-Valued Influence Matrix Method (1995)

Fault detection of a helicopter gearbox by pattern classification is discussed. The detection system is composed of two components, a quantization matrix to flag the measurements, and a multi-valued influence matrix (MVIM) that represents the behavior of measurements during normal operation and at fault instances. Both the quantization matrix and the influence matrix are tuned during a training session so as to minimize the error in detection. This detection system was applied to vibration measurements collected from a helicopter gearbox test stand during accelerated fatigue tests and at various fault instances. The results indicate that the MVIM method provides accurate detection when the full range of faults effects on the measurements are included in the training set. Furthermore, the fixed structure of MVIM allows evaluation of individual measurements. This feature was utilized to select a subset of measurements crucial to detection.
A Four-Filter Photoelectric Colorimeter (1939)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text B. T. Barnes, "A Four-Filter Photoelectric Colorimeter," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 29, 448-452 (1939) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Fullerene Sugars: Preparation of Enantiomerically Pure, Spiro‐Linked C‐Glycosides of C60 (1992)

“Sweetened buckyballs” are prepared in good yields. The C-glycosylated, uniform, enantiomerically pure C60 monoaddition products 1 (R = benzyl, pivaloyl) are differentiated not only by their chi-roptical properties, but also by the conformation of the glycosyl residue, which is dependent on its substituents.