gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Determination of alkoxyl substitution in cellulose ethers by Zeisel gas chromatography (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of alkoxyl substitution in cellulose ethers by Zeisel gas chromatographyK. Hodges, W. Kester, D. Wiederrich, and J. GroverCite this: Anal. Chem. 1979, 51, 13, 2172–2176Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50049a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50049a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views461Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Kurator (2017)

People capture photos, audio recordings, video, and more on a daily basis, but organizing all these digital artifacts quickly becomes a daunting task. Automated solutions struggle to help us manage this data because they cannot understand its meaning. In this paper, we introduce Kurator, a hybrid intelligence system leveraging mixed-expertise crowds to help families curate their personal digital content. Kurator produces a refined set of content via a combination of automated systems able to scale to large data sets and human crowds able to understand the data. Our results with 5 families show that Kurator can reduce the amount of effort needed to find meaningful memories within a large collection. This work also suggests that crowdsourcing can be used effectively even in domains where personal preference is key to accurately solving the task.
Enhanced Passive Thermal Management of Grid-Scale Power Routers Utilizing Ionic Wind (2014)

This paper presents a numerical model assessing the potential of ionic wind as a heat transfer enhancement method for the cooling of grid distribution assets. Distribution scale power routers (13–37 kV, 1–10 MW) have stringent requirements regarding lifetime and reliability, so that any cooling technique involving moving parts such as fans or pumps are not viable. Increasing the air flow — and thereby enhancing heat transfer — through Corona discharge could be an attractive solution to the thermal design of such devices. In this work, the geometry of a rectangular, vertical channel with a corona electrode at the entrance is considered. The multiphysics problem is characterized by a set of four differential equations: the Poisson equation for the electric field and conservation equations for electric charges, momentum and energy. The electrodynamics part of the problem is solved using a finite difference approximation (FDA). Solutions for the potential, electric field and free charge density are presented for a rectangular control volume with mixed boundary conditions.
Minimal mental models (2007)

Agents must form and update mental models about each other in a wide range of domains: team coordination, plan recognition, social simulation, user modeling, games of incomplete information, etc. Existing research typically treats the problem of forming beliefs about other agents as an isolated subproblem, where the modeling agent starts from an initial set of possible models for another agent and then maintains a belief about which of those models applies. This initial set of models is typically a full specification of possible agent types. Although such a rich space gives the modeling agent high accuracy in its beliefs, it will also incur high cost in maintaining those beliefs. In this paper, we demonstrate that by taking this modeling problem out of its isolation and placing it back within the overall decision-making context, the modeling agent can drastically reduce this rich model space without sacrificing any performance. Our approach comprises three methods. The first method clusters models that lead to the same behaviors in the modeling agent's decision-making context. The second method clusters models that may produce different behaviors, but produce equally preferred outcomes with respect to the utility of the modeling agent. The third technique sacrifices a fixed amount of accuracy by clustering models that lead to performance losses that are below a certain threshold. We illustrate our framework using a social simulation domain and demonstrate its value by showing the minimal mental model spaces that it generates.
Analysis of the cerebellar proteome in a transgenic mouse model of inherited prion disease reveals preclinical alteration of calcineurin activity (2006)

Inherited prion diseases are linked to insertional and point mutations in the prion protein (PrP) gene, which favor conversion of PrP into a conformationally altered, pathogenic isoform. The cellular mechanism by which this process causes neurological dysfunction is unknown. Transgenic (Tg) (PG14) mice express a mouse PrP homolog of a nine-octapeptide insertion associated with an inherited prion disorder. These mice develop a progressive neurological syndrome characterized by ataxia and cerebellar atrophy due to synaptic degeneration in the molecular layer and massive apoptosis of granule neurons. To investigate the molecular events that may contribute to neurological dysfunction, we carried out a differential proteomic analysis of cerebella from Tg(PG14) mice at the preclinical, onset, and symptomatic phases of their neurological illness. 2-D maps of cerebellar proteins from Tg(PG14) mice were compared to those obtained from age-matched Tg(WT) mice that express wild-type PrP and remain healthy. Proteins whose levels were significantly modified in at least one stage of the Tg(PG14) disease were identified by PMF. Analysis detected a preclinical decrease of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent phosphatase calcineurin (CaN) in granule neurons, suggesting that dysregulation of CaN activity induced by mutant PrP may be responsible for the cerebellar dysfunction in Tg(PG14) mice.
Metabolic and miRNA Profiling of TMV Infected Plants Reveals Biphasic Temporal Changes (2011)

Plant viral infections induce changes including gene expression and metabolic components. Identification of metabolites and microRNAs (miRNAs) differing in abundance along infection may provide a broad view of the pathways involved in signaling and defense that orchestrate and execute the response in plant-pathogen interactions. We used a systemic approach by applying both liquid and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to determine the relative level of metabolites across the viral infection, together with a miRs profiling using a micro-array based procedure. Systemic changes in metabolites were characterized by a biphasic response after infection. The first phase, detected at one dpi, evidenced the action of a systemic signal since no virus was detected systemically. Several of the metabolites increased at this stage were hormone-related. miRs profiling after infection also revealed a biphasic alteration, showing miRs alteration at 5 dpi where no virus was detected systemically and a late phase correlating with virus accumulation. Correlation analyses revealed a massive increase in the density of correlation networks after infection indicating a complex reprogramming of the regulatory pathways, either in response to the plant defense mechanism or to the virus infection itself. Our data propose the involvement of a systemic signaling on early miRs alteration.
Biologically plausible saliency networks for object recognition (2009)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
D-xylose malabsorption: characteristic finding in patients with the AIDS wasting syndrome and chronic diarrhea. (1992)

The AIDS wasting syndrome (AWS) is characterized by > 10% loss of baseline body weight during 6 months and may occur in patients with or without associated chronic diarrhea. To determine whether the presence of small-intestinal malabsorption is associated with the development of AWS in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with chronic diarrhea, we retrospectively reviewed the results of D-xylose testing performed in the clinical evaluation of 21 consecutive HIV-infected patients with chronic diarrhea. A thorough search for small-intestinal pathogens was performed including upper endoscopy, duodenal biopsy, and aspirate for culture and ova and parasite examination. These studies were negative in all patients except two who were excluded from the study. In the 19 patients with no identifiable pathogens, the 1-h serum D-xylose concentration was significantly lower in patients with AWS than in those without, 8.3 +/- 0.8 versus 23.7 +/- 3.4 mg/dl, respectively, p < 0.001. Urine D-xylose excretion during 5 h was also significantly lower in the group with AWS, although creatinine clearance was similar in the two groups. Patients with AWS were more often refractory to standard antidiarrheal therapy with loperamide or diphenoxylate and carried a poor prognosis (90% mortality at 1 year versus 22% mortality in the group without AWS). These data indicate that small intestinal malabsorption is a major component in the severe wasting seen in some HIV-infected patients with chronic diarrhea. Patients with markedly abnormal D-xylose tests may require more potent antidiarrheal therapy and are expected to have a high mortality as a possible consequence of intestinal dysfunction.
Decreased fecundability in Hutterite couples sharing HLA-DR. (1992)

To study the effects of parental HLA sharing on pregnancy outcome, we initiated population-based studies in the Hutterites. We previously reported longer intervals from marriage to each birth among couples sharing HLA, particularly HLA-DR. In the present report, we present the results of a prospective, 5-year study of fecundability and fetal loss rates in this population. Between April 1986 and April 1991, 154 pregnancies were observed in 104 couples. The median number of months of unprotected intercourse to a positive pregnancy test was significantly longer among couples sharing HLA-DR who stopped nursing prior to the first menses as compared with couples not sharing HLA-DR who stopped nursing prior to the first menses (5.1 vs. 2.0 mo, respectively; P = .016). Fetal loss rates were increased among couples sharing HLA-B as compared with couples not sharing HLA-B (.23 vs. .12, respectively; P = .041, adjusted for age, gravidity, and kinship). These data suggest that our earlier observations of increased birth interval lengths among Hutterite couples sharing HLA were predominantly due to longer intervals until a clinical pregnancy among couples sharing HLA-DR and, to a lesser degree, were due to increased fetal loss rates among couples sharing HLA-B.
Increasing Participation in Genomic Research and Biobanking Through Community‐Based Capacity Building (2014)

Achieving equitable minority representation in genomic biobanking is one of the most difficult challenges faced by researchers today. Capacity building--a framework for research that includes collaborations and on-going engagement--can be used to help researchers, clinicians and communities better understand the process, utility, and clinical application of genomic science. The purpose of this exploratory descriptive study was to examine factors that influence the decision to participate in genomic research, and identify essential components of capacity building with a community at risk of being under-represented in biobanks. Results of focus groups conducted in Central Harlem with 46 participants were analyzed by a collaborative team of community and academic investigators using content analysis and AtlisTi. Key themes identified were: (1) the potential contribution of biobanking to individual and community health, for example the effect of the environment on health, (2) the societal context of the science, such as DNA criminal databases and paternity testing, that may affect the decision to participate, and (3) the researchers' commitment to community health as an outcome of capacity building. These key factors can contribute to achieving equity in biobank participation, and guide genetic specialists in biobank planning and implementation.
Methodology for characterizing the impact of circuit layout, technology options, device engineering and temperature on the circuit power-delay characteristics (2006)

In this work, we present a methodology for characterizing the impact of circuit layout style, technology elements (low-k material, resist choice), device engineering and temperature on the circuit power-delay trade-off. We provide experimental results supported by modeling work, showing significant improvements in circuit speed at fixed power levels resulting from improvements in layout style and technology. For instance, the use of a more advanced resist at gate level leads to a 3/spl times/ reduction in static power dissipation at a given ring-oscillator (RO) delay or in other words close to a 10% improvement in the inverter delay for a similar static power dissipation.
STUDYING NEAR FAULT ENDURANCE TIME ACCELERATION FUNCTION (2015)

The Endurance Time (ET) method is a time-history based dynamic pushover procedure. In this method, the structures are subjected to gradually intensifying acceleration called an acceleration function. Then, their performances are assessed from linear to collapse level based on the interval time through which they can satisfy the required objectives. ET Acceleration Functions (ETAFs) are calibrated upon actual earthquake spectra compatible with the Iranian National Building Code (standard no. 2800). In this code, there is no distinction between far and near fault regions. ETAFs scale based spectrum increases uniformly at all periods as the time passes which is why this uniform increment is not desirable in near fault earthquakes. As the rupture propagation is oriented towards a site, near fault earthquakes have further spectral acceleration in the period over 0.6 sec compared to far fault earthquakes. The shape of the spectrum becomes richer over long periods as its level increases. In this research, ETAFs are presented for near fault target spectra, provided by Abrahamson-Silva attenuation relations. These relations have been modied by Somerville near fault correction coecients. According to the results obtained in this research, while the new acceleration function can model directivity effects at higher periods, it also satises endurance time concepts.
The Elimination of Stacking Faults by Preoxidation Gettering of Silicon Wafers: III . Defect Etch Pit Correlation with p‐n Junction Leakage (1976)

Recently described procedures for the elimination of oxidation‐induced stacking faults have been incorporated into a device processing line to yield data on the leakage in p‐n junction tester diodes. The gettering processes, which take place on the back side of a wafer before the first oxidation, include the deliberate introduction of misfit dislocations and/or the deposition of a highly strained layer of . The results show that leakage currents can be reduced by several orders of magnitude and diode yields increased from about 10% to greater than 90%. By doing "post mortem" chemical etch pit studies on previously electrically mapped arrays of diodes the relative effectiveness of the two gettering schemes are compared. Factors such as the type of stacking fault, whether it be related to a native or process‐induced source, or whether it is clean or decorated are discussed as well as the influence of slip‐type dislocations.
Relationship between Systemic and Cerebral Vascular Disease and Brain Structure Integrity in Normal Elderly Individuals (2015)

Cerebral white matter lesions (WMLs) are considered a reflection of cerebral and systemic small vessel disease (SVD), and are associated with reductions in brain volume. Like the brain, the kidney is also sensitive to factors that affect vasculature. Glomerular dysfunction due to renal vascular damage can be measured with different biochemical parameters, such as creatinine or cystatin C, although cystatin C is considered to be more accurate than creatinine in the elderly. The purpose of the study was to determine whether manifestations of SVD in the kidney can predict SVD-based damage to the brain. We examined the relationship between glomerular dysfunction as a measure of SVD on WMLs, gray matter (GM) volume, and cognition in 735 cognitively normal participants from the Cardiovascular Health Study Cognition Study. The multivariate analyses controlled for demographic characteristics, hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, Apolipoprotein 4 allele, C reactive protein, lipids, physical activity, smoking, and body mass index (BMI). Elevated cystatin C levels were associated with lower neuropsychological test scores, the presence of MRI-identified brain infarcts, the severity of WMLs, and GM atrophy five years later. In adjusted models, GM volume was significantly associated with cystatin-C only until BMI and severity of WMLs were added to the model, meaning that the effect of SVD on GM volume is mediated by these two variables. These findings suggest that age-related SVD is a process that leads to altered brain structure, and creates a vulnerability state for cognitive decline.
Unsupervised hierarchical clustering via a genetic algorithm (2004)

We present a clustering algorithm which is unsupervised, incremental, and hierarchical. The algorithm is distance-based and creates centroids. Then we combine the power of evolutionary forces with the clustering algorithm, counting on good clusterings to evolve to yet better ones. We apply our approach to standard data sets, and get very good results. Finally, we use bagging to pool the results of different clustering trials, and again get very good results.
Facet analysis of truncated pyramid semi-polar GaN grown on Si(100) with rare-earth oxide interlayer (2016)

After epitaxial growth of GaN on Si(100) substrates using an Er2O3 interlayer, two dominant growth orientations can be observed: semi-polar (101¯3) as well as non-polar (112¯0). Epilayers with the (101¯3) orientation lead to the formation of truncated pyramids, which were studied in detail by high-resolution X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Depending on the GaN growth orientation and in-plane relation to the Er2O3 interlayer, lattice mismatches in the growth plane were calculated. In order to understand the formation of truncated pyramids, a method for facet identification from SEM images under different tilt angles was developed. This method was used to reconstruct truncated pyramids from our experiments. These were then compared with calculations of the corresponding kinetic Wulff construction, to explain the preferential growth of (101¯3) GaN.
Inside Cover: Self‐Assembled Liquid‐Crystalline Ion Conductors in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells: Effects of Molecular Sensitizers on Their Performance (ChemPlusChem 6/2017) (2017)

The cover picture shows dye-coated TiO2 particles and a nanostructured liquid crystal that forms two-dimensional ion transport pathways, with ions (red spheres) localized in between non-polar layers (blue). Dye-sensitized solar cells employing these liquid-crystalline ion conductors as electrolytes show more efficient energy conversion when based on organic dye sensitizers as compared with ruthenium metal–organic dye sensitizers. Details are given in the Full Paper by T. Kato and co-workers on page 834 in Issue 6, 2017 (DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201700099).
Influence of Residual Disease Following Surgical Resection in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma on Clinical, Neurocognitive, and Patient Reported Outcomes (2018)

STR patients had worse NCF and PROs before therapy. During adjuvant therapy, STR patients had worse objective NCF, despite accounting for tumor location. STR did not result in a detriment to OS. The addition of bevacizumab did not preferentially improve PRO or NCF outcomes in STR patients.
A phase II, multicenter study of encorafenib/binimetinib followed by a rational triple-combination after progression in patients with advanced BRAF V600-mutated melanoma (LOGIC2). (2020)

10022 Background: LOGIC2 evaluates the benefit of a 3rd agent added to encorafenib (enco)/binimetinib (bini), selected at progression based on the genetic tumor evolution. Methods: In part I/run-In, pts were treated with enco/bini until disease progression (as defined per RECIST v1.1). Foundation One NGS was applied on a baseline sample and on a PD sample. Based on the genetic evolution between the biopsy at inclusion (bxI) and at progression (bxPD) and clinical considerations, pts entered part II and received one of four 3rd agent additions to enco/bini combinations: A. LEE011 (CDK4/6 inhibitor), B. BKM120 (PI3K inhibitor), C. INC280 (c-Met inhibitor), or D. BGJ398 (FGFR inhibitor). An adaptive Bayesian logistic regression model (BLRM) guided by the escalation with overdose control (EWOC) principle was used to make dose escalation decisions. Assessments include objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and safety. Data cutoff for this analysis was May 12, 2019. Data is as is. Part 1 of study is ongoing. Part 2 of study is closed to enrollment. Results: 58 pts enrolled into part II (group A=38; B=6; C=13; D=1). 29 pts were assigned to treatment based on bxPD results (Table). In groups A, B, and C, the confirmed ORR was 5.3%, 0%, and 0%, and the DCR was 26.3%, 16.7%, and 15.4%, with median PFS of 2.1, 1.6, and 2.2 months, respectively. Safety was consistent with known profiles of the individual agents. Conclusions: Triple therapy is feasible when a 3rd agent is added to enco/bini at progression based on genetic alterations, although activity observed was low. Further exploration to identify patterns of resistance susceptible to the addition of a 3rd agent is needed. Gene alterations for enrollment into part 2. Clinical trial information: NCT02159066. [Table: see text]
The effect of laser annealing on laser induced damage threshold (1990)

A significant enhancement of the single shot Laser Induced Damage Threshold of CaF2 and fused silica and a moderate enhancement for GaAs and Al has been observed as the result of laser annealing using an excimer laser operating at 248 nm. This phenomenon is primarily attributed to a reduction of the residual surface roughness of the samples.