gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rheology of Protic Ionic Liquids and Their Mixtures (2013)

The rheological properties of five pure protic ionic liquids (ILs), ethylammonium nitrate (EAN), propylammonium nitrate (PAN), ethanolammonium nitrate (EtAN), ethylammonium formate (EAF), and dimethylethylammonium formate (DMEAF), are characterized and interpreted by considering the effects of both the H-bond network and the solvophobic nanostructure of the liquids. The results demonstrate that these effects are not, however, independent or simply additive. At 20 °C, EtAN has the highest zero shear viscosity of 156.1 mPa·s, followed by PAN (89.3 mPa·s), EAN (35.9 mPa·s), EAF (23.1 mPa·s), and DMEAF (9.8 mPa·s). The primary ammonium ILs behave as Newtonian fluids at low shear rates but shear thin at high shear. Fits to the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann model reveal that nanostructure is not affected appreciably by temperature and that all the ILs studied are of intermediate fragility. The rheology of binary mixtures of these ILs was analyzed and used to demonstrate fundamental differences in the way IL cations and anions interact. IL mixtures containing both nitrate and formate anions resist flow more strongly than the pure liquids, which is a consequence of the difference in hydrogen bonding capacity of the anions. Mixing cations can give rise to complex behavior due to the offsetting effects of hydrogen bonding and solvophobic nanostructure formation.
Analysis and Design of Coupled Inductors for Two-Phase Interleaved DC-DC Converters (2013)

Multiphase dc-dc converters are widely used in modern power electronics applications due to their advantages over single-phase converters. Such advantages include reduced current stress in both the switching devices and passive elements, reduced output current ripple, and so on. Although the output current ripple of a converter can be significantly reduced by virtue of the interleaving effect, the inductor current ripple cannot be reduced even with the interleaving PWM method. One way to solve this problem is to use a coupled inductor. However, care must be taken in designing the coupled inductor to maximize its performances. In this paper, a detailed analysis of a coupled inductor is conducted and the effect of a coupled inductor on current ripple reduction is investigated extensively. From this analysis, a UU core based coupled inductor structure is proposed to maximize the performance of the coupled inductor.
Using dynamic biomaterials to study the temporal role of osteogenic growth peptide during osteogenesis (2023)

The extracellular matrix is a highly dynamic environment, and the precise temporal presentation of biochemical signals is critical for regulating cell behavior during development, healing, and disease progression. To mimic this behavior, we developed a modular DNA-based hydrogel platform to enable independent and reversible control over the immobilization of multiple biomolecules during in vitro cell culture. We combined reversible DNA handles with a norbornene-modified hyaluronic acid hydrogel to orthogonally add and remove multiple biomolecule-DNA conjugates at user-defined timepoints. We demonstrated that the persistent presentation of the cell adhesion peptide RGD was required to maintain cell spreading on hyaluronic acid hydrogels. Further, we discovered the delayed presentation of osteogenic growth peptide (OGP) increased alkaline phosphatase activity compared to other temporal variations. This finding is critically important when considering the design of OGP delivery approaches for bone repair. More broadly, this platform provides a unique approach to tease apart the temporal role of multiple biomolecules during development, regeneration, and disease progression.
Combinatorial Information Theoretical Measurement of the Semantic Significance of Semantic Graph Motifs (2011)

Given a semantic graph data set, perhaps one lacking in an explicit ontology, we wish to first identify its significant semantic structures, and then measure the extent of their significance. Casting a semantic graph dataset as an edgelabeled, directed graph, this task can be built on the ability to mine frequent labeled subgraphs in edge-labeled, directed graphs. We begin by considering the enumerative combinatorics of subgraph motif structures in edge-labeled directed graphs. We identify frequent labeled, directed subgraph motif patterns, and measure the significance of the resulting motifs by the information gain relative to the expected value of the motif based on the empirical frequency distribution of the link types which compose them, assuming independence. We illustrate on a small test graph, and discuss results obtained for small linear motifs (link type bigrams and trigrams) in the Billion Triple Challenge triplestore. 1.
Psychosocial work environment and building related symptoms (2015)

There is growing evidence that the psychosocial work environment may affect health (Marmot et al. 2006). Nevertheless, these factors are still not commonly taken into account in the studies examining the relations between indoor environmental quality and employeeâs health and wellbeing. Several models of work stress have been developed in an attempt to assess exposure to psychosocial stress at work, e.g. the effort-reward imbalance model (ERI) (Siegrist et al. 2004). ERI model is based on the notion of the reciprocity of efforts spent and rewards received underlying the typical work context. Three psychosocial dimensions at work: effort, reward, and over-commitment are defined, and the model postulates that a combination of high effort and low reward could lead to adverse health effects. Over-commitment at work acts as personal risk factor. Separate and combined effects of these dimensions on health are hypothesized. The impact of psychosocial work environment on cardiovascular diseases and mental health (e.g. depression) is mainly studied, and the relations with other health complaints such as building related symptoms (BRSs) can also be questioned. In this context, the aim of this study is to examine the relations between psychosocial work environment and BRSs
Anisotropic, Mesoporous Microfluidic Frameworks with Scalable, Aligned Cellulose Nanofibers (2018)

Cellulose paper has been extensively used in microfluidic analytical devices because of its hydrophilic nature. However, cellulose is randomly packed in paper without any particular orientation or channels within the bulk of the material, necessitating a complicated design of hydrophilic microchannels to guide the liquid flow. Herein, we develop an anisotropic mesoporous microfluidic framework (named as white wood) with aligned cellulose nanofibers and inherent microchannels via a facile one-step delignification process from natural wood. The hydrophilic nature of the innate microchannels in white wood makes it ideal for application as a pump-free microfluidic chip, exhibiting a fast and anisotropic liquid and large solid particle (as demonstrated with carbon nanotubes) mass transport, with a high transport speed along the channel direction approximately five times faster than that perpendicular to the channel direction. The anisotropic mass transport is further exemplified in the fabrication of chitosan films with aligned microstructures and birefringence, formed by virtue of unidirectional capillary forces exerted by the microchannels. We envision that our anisotropic mesoporous framework can have great applications to pump-free microfluidics, and the simple preparation process will pave a new way for the development of microfluidic devices based on chemically modified wood.
Catalytic Variants of Phosphine Oxide‐Mediated Organic Transformations (2013)

This chapter discusses progress and impediments in the development of catalytic organophosphorus processes for olefination, imination, halogenation, and nucleophilic substitution (Mitsunobu) reactions. In each case, a perspective on current industrial applications and issues is given. The chapter discusses the various separation/recycling approaches that have been adopted so that readers can assess the state of the art in the catalytic processes alongside the alternative protocols. Despite widespread applications in academic and industrial discovery laboratories, there are no examples of the scale-up of the aza-Wittig reaction. Organophosphorus-mediated halogenations are widely used on a laboratory scale, with so-called Appel halogenations using triphenylphosphonium dihalides being especially popular.
A Surface Panel Method for Ducted Propellers with New Wake Model Based on Velocity Measurements (1992)

The velocity distribution downstream of a ducted propeller was measured in a cavitation tunnel by the use of a 3-component Laser Doppler Velocimeter. A considerable amount of change of the hydrodynamic pitch of the ducted propeller was observed in comparison with that of the impeller without duct. Based on these velocity measurements around the ducted propeller, a new wake model considering the effect of impeller loading was proposed to improve the prediction of the hydrodynamic performance for ducted propellers by the surface panel method. The flow fields around the ducted propeller calculated by the use of this method were shown in good agreement with the measured data as expected. The open-water characteristics of ducted propellers calculated by this method also showed good agreement with the experimental data.
Minimal Invasive Surgery in Pediatric Solid Tumors (2007)

With the advance of laparoscopic instruments and techniques, a variety of pediatric solid tumors can be resected safely by the MIS technique. This has the potential benefit of a more rapid postoperative recovery and better cosmetic results. The role of the MIS technique in resecting malignant tumors is uncertain, as the number of cases in the current series is too small to draw any conclusion.
Boltzman Equation Solver Coupled to a Kinetic Global Model Framework (2017)

Using computer simulation to describe systems that include spatial variations, many species, and chemical reactions requires a tremendous amount of time and computer resources. Using global models to reduce geometrical complexity enables users to explore the influence of chemical reactions in such systems. The Kinetic Global Model framework (KGMf), a Python-based framework developed at Michigan State University, offers users great flexibility in defining various system parameters, such as power input, included/excluded species, included reactions between species, and an arbitrary defined electron energy distribution function (EEDF). The KGMf was used to simulate the multiphase chemistry of microwave assisted jet flame <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> and rare gas metastable laser reaction kinetics <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Final results of APG101_CD_002: APG101 plus reirradiation versus reirradiation in the treatment of patients with progressive glioblastoma. (2014)

2006^ Background: Preclinical data indicate antiinvasive activity of APG101, a CD95-ligand (CD95L)-binding fusion protein, and synergistic activity with radiotherapy in glioblastoma. In healthy volunteers, single doses of up to 20 mg/kg APG101 are safe. Methods: Patients (N=91) with progressive glioblastoma after standard radiochemotherapy (± 1 second-line chemotherapy), provided a tumour diameter of 1-4 cm and time since the end of radiotherapy ≥ 8 months, were randomised 1:2 stratified for tumour diameters ≤ or > 2.5 cm between radiotherapy (36 Gy; 5 times 2 Gy per week; rRT) or rRT+APG101 (400 mg weekly i.v.) to be continued until progression. CD95L was evaluated in tumour tissue. This open-label, non-comparative phase II trial (NCT01071837) sought to demonstrate a doubling in the 6-months progression-free survival (PFS-6) rate with rRT+APG101 assuming a 15% PFS-6 rate with rRT alone. The control arm with rRT alone was added to calibrate for the PFS-6 assumption. Results: Patient characteristics in the intention-to-treat population [N=84 (26 patients rRT, 58 patients rRT + APG101)] were balanced. The PFS-6 rates were 3.8% (95%-CI: 0.1 - 19.6) rRT and 20.7% (95%-CI: 11.2 - 33.4) for rRT+APG101 (p=0.04). Median PFS was 2.5 (95%-CI: 2.3-3.8) months and 4.5 (95%-CI: 3.7-5.4) months with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.49 (95% CI: 0.27-0.88, p=0.0162). Cox regression analysis adjusted for tumour size revealed a HR for rRT+APG101 for death of any cause of 0.60 (95% CI: 0.36-1.01)] (p=0.0559). Patients with lower methylation levels at CpG2 in the CD95L promoter in the tumour tissue had a stronger risk reduction (HR=0.13 95% CI: 0.03-0.52) when treated with APG101. Conclusions: CD95 pathway inhibition in combination with rRT is an innovative concept with clinical efficacy. It warrants further clinical development. CD95L promoter methylation in the tumour may be developed as a biomarker. Clinical trial information: NCT01071837.
A Spatial Squeezing approach to Ambisonic audio compression (2008)

Spatially squeezed surround audio coding (S3AC) has been previously shown to provide efficient coding with perceptually accurate soundfield reconstruction when applied to ITU 5.1 multichannel audio. This paper investigates the application of S3AC to the coding of Ambisonic audio recordings. Traditional ambisonics achieve compression and backward compatibility through the use of the UHJ matrixing approach to obtain a stereo signal. In this paper the relationship to Ambisonic B-format signals is described and alternative approaches that derive a stereo or mono-downmix signal based on S3AC are presented and evaluated. The mono-downmix approach utilizes side information consisting of spatial cues that are quantized based on novel source localization listening experiments. Objective and subjective tests demonstrate significant improvements in the localization of sound sources resulting from decoding the compressed B-format signals to a 5.1 speaker playback.
Studies in tissue metabolism (1937)

Research Article| March 01 1937 Studies in tissue metabolism: The action of colchicine and B. typhosus extract Eric Boyland; Eric Boyland 1The Research Institute of the Royal Cancer Hospital (Free), London Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Margaret Esther Boyland Margaret Esther Boyland 1The Research Institute of the Royal Cancer Hospital (Free), London Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1937) 31 (3): 454–460. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0310454 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Eric Boyland, Margaret Esther Boyland; Studies in tissue metabolism: The action of colchicine and B. typhosus extract. Biochem J 1 March 1937; 31 (3): 454–460. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0310454 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1937 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1937 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Smart colonoscope system (2003)

As changing the eating habit to low fiber and high fat diet, the pathology in the colon is growing up annually. Colonoscopy is an important medical procedure for the diagnosis of various diseases like cancer in the colon and rectum. But it requires much time for doctors to acquire a dexterous skill to perform the operation of colonoscope and the procedure is painful and long to the patient in many cases. Therefore, some studies on the development of autonomous and more convenient colonoscope are carried out. In this paper, we propose a smart colonoscope system that has the locomotive function, active camera system, and human-friendly user interface besides the basic functions of the conventional colonoscope system. Doctors will be able to concentrate on the diagnosis itself with this system. The dexterity required to doctors and the pains imposed to patients will also be reduced with this system. The concept and each component of the smart colonoscope system are described in this paper. We carried out in-vitro test to evaluate its validity.
Deontic agents enforcing logical conditions in nuclide identification algorithms (2017)

Deontic logic allows the formal description of obligation and permissions. A reasoning algorithm is presented, that applies these formal concepts for enhancing the performance of an existing nuclide identification algorithm. Radioisotope identification devices rely on a robust deduction of those nuclides, contributing to the radiation field. Traditional nuclide identification results are calculated by solely relying on the energy spectrum of the radiation. But in many cases, more information about a certain measurement situation is a priori known and this information is of semantic nature, mostly providing a set of constraints or conditions depending on the involved nuclides. Introducing the example of simultaneously measuring iodine and plutonium, the deontic formalization is demonstrated by considering a binary classifier for the presence of neutrons. The algorithm itself uses a multi-agent system, in which each agent represents a nuclide. It is shown, how the deontic rules are implemented by the agents and how an exemplary communication is designed. Based on a test measurements collected with a $3''\times 1''$ sodium iodide detector during multiple test campaigns, the algorithm performance increase gained by applying the deontic reasoning is evaluated and verified.
Absence of ferromagnetic-transport signatures in epitaxial paramagnetic and superparamagneticZn0.95Co0.05Ofilms (2009)

Paramagnetic (PM) and superparamagnetic (SPM) ${\text{Zn}}_{0.95}{\text{Co}}_{0.05}\text{O}$ epitaxial films display similar temperature and magnetic field dependent anisotropic magnetoresistance (MR) effects. The high structural quality of the PM films is confirmed by x-ray linear dichroism. A classical two-band model describes these MR effects well and reveals the same intrinsic origin of the transport signatures in PM and SPM ${\text{Zn}}_{0.95}{\text{Co}}_{0.05}\text{O}$ films. The temperature-dependent resistivity of the respective films arises from a Mott variable-range hopping process. The absence of the anomalous Hall effect in the SPM film provides another evidence for lacking contributions from the SPM phase to the magnetotransport properties. Moreover, above the blocking temperature of SPM ${\text{Zn}}_{0.95}{\text{Co}}_{0.05}\text{O}$ films, the $M(H)$ curve can be described by a Langevin function, indicating the presence of approximately 2 nm large magnetic nanoparticles. Therefore, only the contribution of PM ${\text{Co}}^{2+}$ ions in ${\text{Zn}}_{0.95}{\text{Co}}_{0.05}\text{O}$ films to the transport behavior can be found, thus demonstrating that 2 nm large magnetic Co nanoparticles does not interact with the carriers.
AgBug: Agricultural Robotic Platform for In-Row and Under Canopy Crop Monitoring and Assessment (2021)

Abstract This paper focuses on the development of a small scale agricultural robotic platform with advantages over the current agricultural phenotyping platforms that lack the size-scale and sensor resolution needed to study hard to reach under-canopy row crops. The AgBug utilizes a sensor suite consisting of a LiDAR and RGB camera for crop monitoring on a 12″ × 9″ footprint platform. The main challenge for this platform design is not only its compact size and portability, but its ability to navigate and obtain geo-referenced and time-tagged data in the GNSS-denied environment that exists under the crop canopy. LiDAR and RGB sensors typically rely on inputs from GNSS data. Therefore, a new approach was developed here fusing direct feedback from the RGB camera and a visual-inertial tracking camera supplying robot odometry data. Indoor and outdoor tests were conducted to demonstrate the AgBug’s ability for in-row and under canopy crop monitoring along with the efficacy of sensor fusion approach.
Effects of feeding a palatable ‘cafeteria’ diet on energy balance in young and adult lean (+/?) Zucker rats (1982)

1. The effects of feeding a palatable and varied "cafeteria' diet on energy balance were studied in young (5.5 week) and adult (5.5 month) lean male Zucker (+/?) rats. 2. Estimates of metabolizable energy (ME) intake derived from food composition tables were almost identical to values obtained from bomb calorimetry of foods, urine and faeces, and ME intake was elevated by approximately 73% in all "cafeteria' animals compared to stock-fed controls. 3. "Cafeteria' feeding had no effect on the body-weight of young rats but induced excess weight gains in the older animals and resulted in increased deposition of fat and energy in both groups. Energy expenditure, calculated from ME intake and body-energy gain, was elevated by 77 and 57% in young and adult-cafeteria rats respectively. The energy cost of fat deposition could account for only a small proportion of this increased expenditure. 4. The present results confirm previous findings in another strain of rat and show that the increased energy expenditure (i.e. diet-induced thermogenesis, DIT) which occurs in response to hyperphagia is not restricted to young animals but is also seen in older rats. Measurements of resting oxygen consumption after injections of noradrenaline or a beta-adrenergic antagonist (propranolol), and changes in brown adipose tissue mass are consistent with the suggestion that the DIT of "cafeteria'-fed rats results from sympathetic activation of brown fat.
GOCE long-wavelength gravity field recovery from high-low satellite-to-satellite-tracking using the acceleration approach (2012)

EGG-C (2010). GOCE Level 2 Product Data handbook. GO-MA-HPF-GS-0110, Issue 4.3. Baur O, Reubelt T, Weigelt M, Roth M, Sneeuw N (submitted) GOCE orbit analysis. Long-wavelength gravity field determination using the acceleration approach. Submitted to Advances in Space Research Bock H, Jaggi A, Meyer U, et al. (2011) GPS-derived orbits for the GOCE satellite. Journal of Geodesy 85, 807-818, doi: 10.1007/s00190-011-0484-9. Jaggi A, Bock H, Prange L, et al. (2011) GPS-only gravity field recovery with GOCE, CHAMP, and GRACE. Advances in Space Research 47, 1020-1028, doi: 10.1016/j.asr.2010.11.008. Pail R, Bruinsma S, Migliaccio F, et al. (2011) First GOCE gravity field models derived by three different approaches. Journal of Geodesy 85, 819-843, doi: 10.1007/s00190-011-0467-x. 0
Fuzzy Logic Based Optimal Power Flow Management in Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles (2005)

Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle powertrain (PHEV), combining an electric motor with an auxiliary power unit, improves vehicle performance and fuel economy, reducing the effects of private cars on air quality in cities. These advantages can be enhanced by using a dedicated control strategy to identify the optimal power flow distribution at each instant of time in the main powerdrive sources as a function of the state of the powerdrive components and the actual driving conditions. In this connection the literature analysis has evidenced as the research efforts in the field of PHEV optimal power flow management s hould be oriented not o nly t o develop p recise and robust control strategies that can improve the vehicle performances, b ut a Iso to lower the required computational resources making the solution strategy suitable with the vehicle dynamics and allowing, moreover, a cost effective hardware implementation. To develop this complex activity, fuzzy logic (FL) was used. As demonstrated by the simulation studies developed, FL enables the optimal power flow management p roblem t o b e solved by handling its intrinsic non-linearity using rules, membership functions, and the inference process. This results in improved performance, simpler implementation, and reduced design costs compared with rigorous mathematics based approaches.