gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improved discharge characteristics of tunnel-containing manganese oxide electrodes for rechargeable lithium battery applications (2000)

LixMnO2 made from Na0.44MnO2 has an unusual tunnel structure which allows ion insertion processes to occur with minimal strain. It cycles very reversibly at an average voltage of about 3.2 vs. Li without undergoing phase conversion. The stability of this material makes it a promising candidate for use in electric vehicle applications, which not only have severe cost constraints, but also require long cycle life and abuse-tolerance. In practical lithium cells, however, the demonstrated capacity is typically less than the predicted 200 mAh/g for LixMnO2 cathode materials made by conventional solid-state reactions. This is due to kinetic limitations and to the sloping discharge characteristics. Attritor-milling of conventionally-made LixMnO2 and glycine-nitrate combustion synthesis have been used to produce powders with average particle size below 1 mm, improved rate capability, and a 15% improvement in utilization. Up to 55% of the Mn in LixMnO2 with the Na0.44MnO2 structure can also be replaced with Ti. Ti-doped analogs have modified discharge characteristics, with some exhibiting better utilization between set voltage limits than the parent compound.
Structural role of the polyglutamate portion of the folate found in T4D bacteriophage baseplate (1979)

Three types of reagents were used to determine the structural role and location of the polyglutamate portion of the Escherichia coli T4D bacteriophage baseplate dihydropteroyl hexaglutamate. These reagents were examined for their effect in vitro on some of the final steps in phage baseplate morphogenesis. The reagents were (i) a series of oligopeptides composed solely of glutamic acid residues but with various chemical linkages and chain lengths; (ii) a homogeneous preparation of carboxypeptidase G1, an exopeptidase that hydrolyzes carboxyl-terminal glutamates (or aspartates) from simple oligopeptides, including the gamma-glutamyl bonds on folyl polyglutamates as well as the bond between the carboxyl group of the p-aminobenzoyl moiety and the amino group of the first glutamic acid residue of folic acid; and (iii) antisera prepared against a polyglutamate hapten. All three types of reagent markedly inhibited the attachment of the phage long tail fibers to the baseplate. Other steps in baseplate assembly such as the addition of T4D gene 11 or gene 12 products were not affected by any of these reagents. These results indicate that the polyglutamate portion of the folate is located near the attachment site on the bacteriophage baseplate for the long tail fibers.
Learning by reading: a prototype system, performance baseline and lessons learned (2007)

A traditional goal of Artificial Intelligence research has been a system that can read unrestricted natural language texts on a given topic, build a model of that topic and reason over the model. Natural Language Processing advances in syntax and semantics have made it possible to extract a limited form of meaning from sentences. Knowledge Representation research has shown that it is possible to model and reason over topics in interesting areas of human knowledge. It is useful for these two communities to reunite periodically to see where we stand with respect to the common goal of text understanding. In this paper, we describe a coordinated effort among researchers from the Natural Language and Knowledge Representation and Reasoning communities. We routed the
Self-heating effect and characteristic variability of gate-all-around silicon nanowire transistors for highly-scaled CMOS technology (invited) (2010)

This paper discusses self-heating effect and variability behavior of GAA SNWTs. Due to the 1-D nature of nanowire and increased phononboundary scattering in GAA structure, the selfheating effect in SNWTs based on bulk substrate is comparable or even a little bit worse than SOI devices, which may limit the ultimate performance of SNWT-based circuits and thus special design consideration is expected. On the other hand, random variation has become a practical problem at nano-scale. The characteristic variability of SNWTs is experimentally extracted and studied in detail. And the impacts of nanowire LER, the diameter-dependent annealing enhanced nanowire SDE-RDF are discussed, as well as the variability impact on SNWT based SRAM cells.
Magnetic Properties of(0&sim;6%)Mn-Fe Alloys (1971)

It is to be noted, that Fe-Mn alloys which contain low-priced elements have marked α-γ transformations. In this report Fe-(0∼6%)Mn alloys were investigated as one of the square hysteresis loop magnetic materials by annealing after cold rolling.The properties obtained were as follows; the residual induction Br=14450 G, coercive force IHC=0.65 Oe and squareness ratio=91%, or Br=15900 G, IHC=1.30 Oe and squareness ratio=92.5%.When Fe-(3∼6%)Mn alloys were annealed at temperature above 500°C, α-γ transformations were observed; the coercive force increased, while the residual induction and squareness ratio decreased with the precipitation of the γ phase. The effects of element additions on magnetic properties of Fe-3%Mn alloy were also studied.
Induction of Strand Breaks in Single-Stranded Polyribonucleotides and DNA by Photoionization:  One Electron Oxidized Nucleobase Radicals as Precursors (1996)

As a model for the direct effect of ionizing radiation, time-resolved changes of light-scattering intensity (LSI) of aqueous, oxic solutions of single-stranded DNA samples (calf thymus, Micrococcus lysodeikticus, Clostridium perfingens), polyC, polyU, and polyA at pH 7.5−8 have been studied following pulse irradiation with 193-nm laser light. A comparison of LSI changes (an index of single-strand break formation) with transient optical absorption changes (an index of nucleic acid base radical chemistry) following pulsed 193-nm irradiation shows that strand breakage occurs at rates similar to those for the decay of the nucleic acid base radical species for DNA, polyC, and polyU but not for polyA. With the exception of polyA, 193-nm light leads to a reduction in the LSI over ∼0.2 s, indicating that strand breakage occurs by a nucleobase radical-mediated process, whereby the nucleobase radical site is transferred to the sugar moiety. With polyU and polyC, significant changes in LSI also occur on a much faster time scale, (within 3 ms). In DNA, the one electron oxidized sites become localized predominantly at guanine and the resulting one electron oxidised guanine radicals lead to strand breakage in competition with major, non-strand-breakage pathways.
Highly reduced organometallics. 9. Synthesis and characterization of the tetrasodium tetracarbonylmetalates(4-) of chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten, Na4M(CO)4: their reactions with weak acids to generate H2M2(CO)82-(M = Cr, Mo, and W) (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHighly reduced organometallics. 9. Synthesis and characterization of the tetrasodium tetracarbonylmetalates(4-) of chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten, Na4M(CO)4: their reactions with weak acids to generate H2M2(CO)82-(M = Cr, Mo, and W)Jiann T. Lin, Gary P. Hagen, and John E. EllisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 8, 2296–2303Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00346a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00346a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views187Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Identification of an ARGONAUTE for Antiviral RNA Silencing in Nicotiana benthamiana (2011)

ARGONAUTE proteins (AGOs) are known to be key components of the RNA silencing mechanism in eukaryotes that, among other functions, serves to protect against viral invaders. Higher plants encode at least 10 individual AGOs yet the role played by many in RNA silencing-related antiviral defense is largely unknown, except for reports that AGO1, AGO2, and AGO7 play an antiviral role in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). In the plant virus model host Nicotiana benthamiana, Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) P19 suppressor mutants are very susceptible to RNA silencing. Here, we report that a N. benthamiana AGO (NbAGO) with similarity to Arabidopsis AGO2, is involved in antiviral defense against TBSV. The activity of this NbAGO2 is shown to be directly associated with anti-TBSV RNA silencing, while its inactivation does not influence silencing of transiently expressed transgenes. Thus, the role of NbAGO2 might be primarily for antiviral defense.
HPLC-DAD analysis of Hyssopus Cuspidatus Boriss extract and mensuration of its antioxygenation property (2020)

These results suggest that H. cuspidatus exerts an antioxygenation property, which can be attributed to the contents of total polyphenol and flavonoid. Given its strong antioxygenation property, H. cuspidatus can be used as a new natural antioxidant in food preservation and disease treatment.
Conserved Sequences at the Origin of Adenovirus DNA Replication (1982)

The origin of adenovirus DNA replication lies within an inverted sequence repetition at either end of the linear, double-stranded viral DNA. Initiation of DNA replication is primed by a deoxynucleoside that is covalently linked to a protein, which remains bound to the newly synthesized DNA. We demonstrate that virion-derived DNA-protein complexes from five human adenovirus serological subgroups (A to E) can act as a template for both the initiation and the elongation of DNA replication in vitro, using nuclear extracts from adenovirus type 2 (Ad2)-infected HeLa cells. The heterologous template DNA-protein complexes were not as active as the homologous Ad2 DNA, most probably due to inefficient initiation by Ad2 replication factors. In an attempt to identify common features which may permit this replication, we have also sequenced the inverted terminal repeated DNA from human adenovirus serotypes Ad4 (group E), Ad9 and Ad10 (group D), and Ad31 (group A), and we have compared these to previously determined sequences from Ad2 and Ad5 (group C), Ad7 (group B), and Ad12 and Ad18 (group A) DNA. In all cases, the sequence around the origin of DNA replication can be divided into two structural domains: a proximal A . T-rich region which is partially conserved among these serotypes, and a distal G . C-rich region which is less well conserved. The G . C-rich region contains sequences similar to sequences present in papovavirus replication origins. The two domains may reflect a dual mechanism for initiation of DNA replication: adenovirus-specific protein priming of replication, and subsequent utilization of this primer by host replication factors for completion of DNA synthesis.
A distributed camera network architecture supporting video adaptation (2009)

Sparked by the desire to secure human presence in high risk areas, this paper proposes a distributed camera network architecture. This architecture is intended as a robust platform for video surveillance systems. In addition, the proposed system has the ability to collect/capture video streams from cameras at a point-of-interest and deliver a consolidated version of the video to a receiver. To achieve this, video sources are able to discover nodes, adapt content, and transmit adapted video streams to a receiver. Our framework takes into account different issues related to the decentralized peer-to-peer paradigm such as peers' unreliability, as well as pragmatic aspects like receivers' heterogeneity. Adaptation ensures that video quality is proportional to bandwidth availability as well as the receiving devices' resources. Simulation is used to manifest that the framework is robust, reliable and suitable for multiparticipant real-time collaboration and real-life deployment.
Polymer Coated Tin Oxide Nanowires for Improved Sensitivity of MEMS Chemical Sensors Based on Microbeams (2008)

MEMS mass sensors are an important field of study for chemical and biological sensing. We utilize the massive surface area to volume ratio of tin oxide nanowires to improve the sensing characteristics of resonant cantilever gas sensors. The nanowires are grown onto released silicon cantilevers via the vapor liquid solid method, a type of chemical vapor deposition. Through intelligent catalyst placement the nanowires are grown selectively onto predefined surfaces of the cantilever. The increased surface area of our nanowire coatings provides greatly increased active binding area for analytes, while high quality factors are still achieved with this method. Our experiments actively monitor the removal of a silane self assembled monolayer from the sensor surface. Current nanowire coated sensors show a tenfold increase in sensitivity when compared to the bare sensors. We have functionalized the nanowires with a variety of polymer coatings. These functionalized sensors also show a substantial increase in sensitivity to the analytes. By varying the polymer coating applied to the nanowires, a sensor array can be generated that achieves gas recognition while having incorporated the increased sensitivity of the nanowire coatings.
Localization in Indoor Environments Using a Panoramic Laser Range Finder (2002)

The capability of self-localization is a prerequisite for a mobile robot to operate reasonably and to fulfill useful tasks in its environment. This work presents an approach that allows for self-localization in unmodified indoor environments even under the condition that no a-priori knowledge about the surroundings is available. The only sensor employed in this framework is a commercial, off-the-shelf laser range finder providing panoramic scans of its surroundings. The scans taken from different positions in the environment are superimposed using a DP-algorithm based scan matching procedure. A subsequent quantitative analysis performs self-localization of the mobile robot and supports the construction of a graph based map of the environment.
Method of Kinetic Model Reduction for Computational Fluid Dynamics Applications (2013)

A new method for kinetic model reduction is proposed. This method consists of two steps: skeletal model reduction using the directed relation graph method, followed by tuning of the remaining rate constants using the solution mapping method. The method can generate reduced models without the need for nonelementary reactions or non-Arrhenius rate constants. The method is demonstrated on a hydrogen–oxygen model and a methane–air model. The results for models at different levels of reduction are compared with the original full models. Results show that the reduced models that underwent optimization are capable of replicating the temperature profile produced by the full model for constant-pressure stream tube reactions, over a limited range of initial conditions, and can now replicate laminar flame speeds at the condition specified by the current optimization. However, perfectly stirred reactor temperatures cannot be accurately predicted. Recommendations are made for further refinement of the technique.
1702: Do Two α1 Adrenergic Receptor Antagonists with Different Affinity to α1 Subtypes of α1A and α1D Make any Difference in Clinical Efficacy in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia? Randomized Controlled Trials of Naftopidil and Tamusulosin (2005)

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of Flomax (Tamsulosin hydrochloride) intake on sexual health Inventory for men score in men diagnosed with lower urinary symptoms due to Benign Prostate hyperplasia.
Interferon γ-induced intratumoral expression of CXCL9 alters the local distribution of T cells following immunotherapy withListeria monocytogenes (2013)

The ability of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>-based anticancer vaccines to induce tumor regression depends on the responsiveness of malignant cells to interferon γ (IFNγ). Inhibition of IFNγ limits the recruitment of T cells to the tumors of vaccinated mice. We hypothesized that vaccination with immunotherapeutic <i>L. monocytogenes</i> induces the IFNγ-dependent production of chemokines that regulate the migration of tumor-infiltrating T cells. To gain further insights into this issue, we examined the chemokine responses of a transplantable, human papillomavirus (HPV)-immortalized murine tumor model (TC-1) following the administration of a <i>L. monocytogenes</i>-based immunotherapeutic agent that expresses E7 from HPV-16. Here, we report that the administration of <i>L. monocytogenes</i>-based anticancer vaccines increases the secretion of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 (CXCL9), and CXCL10 by tumors, hence favoring the recruitment of T cells bearing the cognate chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 3 (CXCR3). Furthermore, the expression of CXCL9, but not CXCL10, in TC-1 tumors was significantly reduced upon anti-IFNγ antibody treatment. CXCL9 was highly expressed by TC-1 cells following the administration of IFNγ and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), in vitro. Moreover, the inhibition of CXCL9 in TC-1 cells reduced the proportion of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells infiltrating tumors in vaccinated mice, while increasing that of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, thus altering T-cell subset distribution. We conclude that the administration of <i>L. monocytogenes</i>-based anticancer vaccines regulates T<sub>H</sub>1 chemokine responses and that malignant cells are an important source of these chemokines.
Monitoring the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and the development of diagnostic tools (2020)

Several issues are still unclear about the COVID-19 pandemic infection. The spreading of the infection throughout the world shows striking differences. In the present survey is described the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection as reported in internationally updated online registers, comparing reported cases and deaths per million of inhabitants. Analysis of the data reflects a wide range among the continents and within each geographic area there are important differences among different countries. A focus on the Italian regions describes significant differences in terms of cases between North and South Italy in August 2020, a situation that reflects the diffusion of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in the period of February-April 2020. The scenario becomes completely different in October; indeed the number of cases and hospitalized patients shows an increase of 20-fold with respect to August 2020. Tools for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection have become pivotal in the efforts to control the infection and monitor infected subjects. In the present report the different tests currently available are described as well as their usefulness in the present situation and their potential usage once the campaign for mass vaccination is effective.
Review of Glycol Ether and Glycol Ether Ester Solvents Used in the Coating Industry (1984)

Ethylene oxide-based glycol ether and glycol ether ester solvents have been used in the coatings industry for the past fifty years. Because of their excellent performance properties (evaporation rate, blush resistance, flow-out and leveling properties, solubility for coating resins, solvent activity, mild odor, good coupling ability, good solvent release) a complete line of ethylene oxide-based solvents of various molecular weights has been developed. These glycol ether and glycol ether ester solvents have better solvent activity for coating resin than ester or ketone solvents in their evaporation rate range. The gloss, flow and leveling, and general performance properties of many coating systems are dependent on the use of these products in the coating formula. Because of the concern about the toxicity of certain ethylene oxide-based solvents, other products are being evaluated as replacements in coating formulas.
Soluble osteopontin inhibits apoptosis of adherent endothelial cells deprived of growth factors* (2002)

Osteopontin (OPN) is primarily an extracellular glycosylated phosphoprotein capable of stimulating cell migration and cell attachment, predominantly to mineralized surfaces. Found in moderate levels in plasma, it acts as a cytokine able to modify gene expression via integrins and certain CD44 isoforms. In this work we show that soluble OPN inhibits apoptosis of adherent human umbilical vein endothelial cells incubated in medium lacking critical growth factors and cytokines. In a dose-dependent manner OPN reduced the formation of apoptotic bodies and suppressed DNA fragmentation. OPN also caused an increase in Bcl-X(L) mRNA levels, suppressed the apparent dispersion of Bcl-X(L) throughout the cytoplasm, and slightly enhanced IkappaB-alpha protein degradation. These data suggest that a function of OPN in homeostatic processes is to facilitate the survival of stressed endothelial cells, possibly by occupying unligated integrins and suppressing integrin-mediated death.
Clonal Expansion and Emergence of Environmental Multiple-Triazole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus Strains Carrying the TR34/L98H Mutations in the cyp51A Gene in India (2012)

Azole resistance is an emerging problem in Aspergillus which impacts the management of aspergillosis. Here in we report the emergence and clonal spread of resistance to triazoles in environmental Aspergillus fumigatus isolates in India. A total of 44 (7%) A. fumigatus isolates from 24 environmental samples were found to be triazole resistant. The isolation rate of resistant A. fumigatus was highest (33%) from soil of tea gardens followed by soil from flower pots of the hospital garden (20%), soil beneath cotton trees (20%), rice paddy fields (12.3%), air samples of hospital wards (7.6%) and from soil admixed with bird droppings (3.8%). These strains showed cross-resistance to voriconazole, posaconazole, itraconazole and to six triazole fungicides used extensively in agriculture. Our analyses identified that all triazole-resistant strains from India shared the same TR(34)/L98H mutation in the cyp51 gene. In contrast to the genetic uniformity of azole-resistant strains the azole-susceptible isolates from patients and environments in India were genetically very diverse. All nine loci were highly polymorphic in populations of azole-susceptible isolates from both clinical and environmental samples. Furthermore, all Indian environmental and clinical azole resistant isolates shared the same multilocus microsatellite genotype not found in any other analyzed samples, either from within India or from the Netherlands, France, Germany or China. Our population genetic analyses suggest that the Indian azole-resistant A. fumigatus genotype was likely an extremely adaptive recombinant progeny derived from a cross between an azole-resistant strain migrated from outside of India and a native azole-susceptible strain from within India, followed by mutation and then rapid dispersal through many parts of India. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that exposure of A. fumigatus to azole fungicides in the environment causes cross-resistance to medical triazoles. The study emphasises the need of continued surveillance of resistance in environmental and clinical A. fumigatus strains.