gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Ankle Muscle Electromyographic Activity Across Five Cardiovascular Exercises (2009)

Expanded access to fitness equipment in rehabilitation settings has enabled clinicians to more frequently incorporate these devices therapeutically. However, a better understanding of how muscle demands vary across cardiovascular exercises is essential for optimizing therapeutic usage of the devices. PURPOSE: To compare ankle muscle activity patterns during five common cardiovascular exercises. METHODS: Ten healthy adults participated (6 male, 4 female; 25±5 yrs). After completing 3 familiarization sessions, each subject performed 5 exercises in random order: recumbent biking (B), stair stepping (S), elliptical training (E), treadmill walking (W), and treadmill jogging (J). Subjects performed each at an intensity that could be maintained for 30-min. Footswitch, kinematic, and tibialis anterior (TA) and medial gastrocnemius (MG) surface electromyography (EMG) data were recorded simultaneously during the final minute of a 5-min workout on each device. Cycles were defined using footswitch (W, J) and kinematic (B, S, E) data. EMG data were normalized to the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) and expressed as % MVC. For each muscle, the peak (% MVC), mean (% MVC), and duration (expressed as % cycle) were calculated from the average of 10 representative cycles recorded during the respective activity. Separate ANOVAs with repeated measures identified significant differences in EMG activity (peak, mean, duration) across exercises for each muscle. RESULTS: All data expressed as the mean ± SD. TA: Peak: J> S, W, B, E (89±34> 31±26, 23±6, 20±11, 17±10; p<0.001). Mean: J, W> B, E (32±12, 23±6> 11±5, 10±5; p<0.001) and J> S (32±12> 16±12; p<0.001). Duration: J, W> B, S, E (78±17, 60±16> 33±28, 32±29, 26±28; p<0.001). MG: Peak: J> W, S, E, B (133±36> 85±30, 80±50, 65±46, 54±11; p<0.001). Mean: J> B, S, E (48±15> 28±7, 27±10, 25±15; p<0.001). Duration: B, S, J> E (69±15, 65±25, 57±13> 36±26; p<0.001) and B> W (69±15> 50±14; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Peak TA activity varied greater than 5-fold across exercises while duration varied 3-fold. If the therapeutic goal is maximizing TA activation, J should be considered. In contrast, E minimized TA demand compared to other exercises. MG peak and duration varied to a lesser extent across exercises (maximum 2-fold), with J requiring the greatest activation and E affording lesser activity.
Effect of cocaine and morphine on neutral endopeptidase activity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells cultured with lectins (1993)

We have tested the effect of alkaloids (cocaine, morphine) and enkephalins on neutral endopeptidase of peripheral blood mononuclear cells activated by lectins. When treated with concanavalin A and cocaine, peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed an enhanced activity (+110 per cent) of the membrane neutral endopeptidase, which was not related to the expression of the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen at the cell surface, although both molecules have the identical amino acid sequence. Phytohemagglutinin-P, morphine and synthetic enkephalins did not induce the activity of neutral endopeptidase nor the expression of common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen. Our findings suggested that the drugs of abuse, cocaine and morphine, affected specific membrane constituents without altering proliferation, subcellular localization of membrane enzymes or the surface immune phenotype of peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
The power of assignment motion (1995)

Assignment motion (AM) and expression motion (EM) are the basis of powerful and at the first sight incomparable techniques for removing partially redundant code from a program. Whereas AM aims at the elimination of complete assignments, a transformation which is always desirable, the more flexible EM requires temporaries to remove partial redundancies. Based on the observation that a simple program transformation enhances AM to subsume EM, we develop an algorithm that for the first time captures all second order effects between AM and EM transformations. Under usual structural restrictions, the worst case time complexity of our algorithm is essentially quadratic, a fact which explains the promising experience with our implementation.
Using R-trees in content-based region query with spatial bounds (2005)

This paper presents both theoretically and experimentally the advantages of using R-trees in content-based region query with spatial bounds. This advantage consists in the minimizing of the execution time. This process supposes that the user gives a rectangle by its coordinates in order to retrieve the images that are within these spatial bounds. The color regions of the images together with the information like color, area, the coordinates of the center of mass and the coordinates of the minimum bounding rectangle (MBR) have been already detected and stored in the database by using color set back-projection algorithm. There are presented a series of experiments in which the execution time of content-based region query with spatial bounds is measured in two cases: sequence query and the query using a R-tree that indexes the MBRs which frame the regions in the database.
Antigen-driven induction of CD11c on intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes and CD8+ T cells in vivo. (1995)

Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) of the intestinal epithelium represent a phenotypically and functionally distinct subpopulation of peripheral T cells. In this study, we report the production of a mAb, designated HL3, which exhibits reactivity with a subset of IEL. In differential screening assays HL3 reacted with 30 to 50% of IEL, but not with T cells of the thymus, spleen, or lymph nodes. Biochemical characterization revealed that the HL3 mAb recognized p150,95 (CD11c/CD18; CR4), a member of the beta 2-integrin family. Fluorescence flow cytometric analyses showed that p150,95 was expressed by TCR-alpha beta or TCR-gamma delta CD4-8+ IEL but not by CD4+8- IEL. Induction of graft-vs-host (GVH) disease resulted in up-regulation of p150,95 expression on donor-derived CD8+ T cells in the intestinal epithelium, as well as in the spleen and lymph nodes. GVH also induced MAC-1 (CD11b) expression on a subset of CD8+ lymph node T cells, but MAC-1 was not up-regulated on CD8+ IEL in this situation. In contrast, activation of identical T cell responders in vitro resulted in weak induction of p150,95 and MAC-1 expression. This result suggested that activation alone was insufficient for p150,95 up-regulation and that additional factors available in vivo were essential in this process. In the intestine, induction of p150,95 required the presence of intestinal flora as IEL from germfree mice lacked p150,95. Interestingly, gamma delta IEL expressing a non-IEL type transgenic TCR were also p150,95-, but exposure to Ag in vivo, but not in vitro, resulted in p150,95 induction. This result indicated that the constitutive expression of p150,95 on IEL is likely due to Ag stimulation via the TCR and not a bystander phenomenon. Overall, the results demonstrated p150,95 to be a hallmark of T cell activation in vivo and an indicator of ongoing antigen-specific T cell activation in the intestinal epithelium.
Restricted Photoinduced Conformational Change in the Cu(I) Complex for Sensing Mechanical Properties (2017)

When designing photoresponsive materials, the impact of a polymer host matrix on the photophysical and photochemical properties of chromophores can be dramatic and advantageous for correlating macromolecular properties. Some compounds possess changes in their photophysical response with variation in the surrounding media (e.g., crystalline glass vs solution). This study demonstrates how changes in the excited state dynamics of [Cu(dmp)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>+</sup>, where dmp = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, are used to quantitatively probe the viscosity of the surrounding polymer matrix. A correlation of both excited state lifetime and photoluminescence emission wavelength on viscosity was observed in different supramolecular materials containing [Cu(dmp)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>+</sup>. These effects were attributed to restricted photoinduced structural distortion of the Cu(I) complex as the polymer matrix hardened. This photoluminescence sensor features a greater dynamic range for viscosity sensing (6 orders of magnitude) and displayed larger changes in lifetime response with respect to typical organometallic mechanosensitive probes.
Electroluminescence in Si/SiO2 layer structures (2001)

Electroluminescence spectra have been studied on samples consisting of a single SiO2 or poly Si layer or SiO2/Si layer pair grown either on silicon or metal substrates. The samples were designed for determining the conditions and the location where electroluminescence originates in SiO2/Si structures. An intermediate gold layer was used to isolate the active layers from the silicon substrate. The results indicate that significant electroluminescence emission can be observed only in those samples that have SiO2 p-type crystalline Si interface. The most promising explanation of this phenomenon is that there are defect levels in the thin silicon oxide layer near the interface.
Insectes et communication (2003)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Heat Evacuation from Active Raman Media Heat Evacuation from Active Raman Media Using Quasi-PT Symmetry Coupling (2020)

We propose to use frequency-selective quasi parity-time symmetry to reduce the heat generated by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) reversed cycles in active Raman media with phase mismatch. This is accomplished using a coupled-waveguide structure, which includes the active Raman waveguide (RW), where the Stokes signal undergoes amplification via stimulated Stokes Raman scattering (SSRS), and a dissipative waveguide (DW), which is tuned to the anti-Stokes wavelength so as to evacuate the corresponding anti-Stokes photons from the RW by coupling. The DW introduces optical loss that partially offsets the growth of the anti-Stokes signal in the RW and hence suppress the reversed CARS cycles that would otherwise result into heat generation in the RW. It is shown that the frequency-selective quasi parity-time symmetry provided by the DW can reduce the heat in active Raman media by a very factor of up to five when the CARS phase mismatch is compensated for by the optimum level of coupling between the RW and the DW.
Untangling Genomes from Metagenomes: Revealing an Uncultured Class of Marine Euryarchaeota (2012)

Ecosystems are shaped by complex communities of mostly unculturable microbes. Metagenomes provide a fragmented view of such communities, but the ecosystem functions of major groups of organisms remain mysterious. To better characterize members of these communities, we developed methods to reconstruct genomes directly from mate-paired short-read metagenomes. We closed a genome representing the as-yet uncultured marine group II Euryarchaeota, assembled de novo from 1.7% of a metagenome sequenced from surface seawater. The genome describes a motile, photo-heterotrophic cell focused on degradation of protein and lipids and clarifies the origin of proteorhodopsin. It also demonstrates that high-coverage mate-paired sequence can overcome assembly difficulties caused by interstrain variation in complex microbial communities, enabling inference of ecosystem functions for uncultured members.
Empirically-estimable multi-class classification bounds (2016)

In this paper, we extend previously developed non-parametric bounds on the Bayes risk in binary classification problems to multi-class problems. In comparison with the well-known Bhattacharyya bound which is typically calculated by employing parametric assumptions, the bounds proposed in this paper are directly estimable from data, provably tighter, and more robust to different types of data. We verify the tightness and validity of this bound using an illustrative synthetic example, and further demonstrate its value by incorporating it into a feature selection algorithm which we apply to the real-world problem of distinguishing between different neuro-motor disorders based on sentence-level speech data.
Anti-apoptotic effects of terrein on etoposide-induced apoptosis of U937 human leukemia cells (2000)

In the course of screening for the substances inhibiting apoptosis of U937 human leukemia cell induced by etoposide, a fungal strain F80834 producing a high level of inhibitor was selected. The inhibitory substance was purified and identified as terrein by spectroscopic methods of UV, EI-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and DEPT. Terrein showed inhibitory activity of caspase 3, a major protease of apoptosis cascade, with an IC50 value of 20 μg/ml after 7 hrs of treatment. It also showed protective effect against cell death with an IC50 value of 10 μg/ml on U937 cells induced by etoposide after 24 hrs of treatment, but did not show any cytotoxicity at the same condition without etoposide.
Frontispiece: Dative Au→Al Interactions: Crystallographic Characterization and Computational Analysis (2014)

Coordination Chemistry The coordination of a geminal phosphorus–aluminum Lewis pair to organo-gold complexes leads to unprecedented Au→Al interactions, which have been authenticated by X-ray diffraction and analyzed by DFT calculations. For more details see the Communication by D. Bourissou et al. on page 74 ff.
Synthesis of Styrenes through the Biocatalytic Decarboxylation of trans-Cinnamic Acids by Plant Cell Cultures. (2001)

A novel method for producing styrenes from trans-cinnamic acids was developed. When trans-cinnamic acid was incubated with plant cell cultures at room temperature, styrene was obtained. 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxystyrene (2a), 3-nitrostyrene (2f) and furan (2g) were synthesized quantitatively.
Model-based approach for design verification and co-optimization of catastrophic and parametric-related defects due to systematic manufacturing variations (2007)

Model-based hotspot detection and silicon-aware parametric analysis help designers optimize their chips for yield, area and performance without the high cost of applying foundries' recommended design rules. This set of DFM/ recommended rules is primarily litho-driven, but cannot guarantee a manufacturable design without imposing overly restrictive design requirements. This rule-based methodology of making design decisions based on idealized polygons that no longer represent what is on silicon needs to be replaced. Using model-based simulation of the lithography, OPC, RET and etch effects, followed by electrical evaluation of the resulting shapes, leads to a more realistic and accurate analysis. This analysis can be used to evaluate intelligent design trade-offs and identify potential failures due to systematic manufacturing defects during the design phase. The successful DFM design methodology consists of three parts: 1. Achieve a more aggressive layout through limited usage of litho-related recommended design rules. A 10% to 15% area reduction is achieved by using more aggressive design rules. DFM/recommended design rules are used only if there is no impact on cell size. 2. Identify and fix hotspots using a model-based layout printability checker. Model-based litho and etch simulation are done at the cell level to identify hotspots. Violations of recommended rules may cause additional hotspots, which are then fixed. The resulting design is ready for step 3. 3. Improve timing accuracy with a process-aware parametric analysis tool for transistors and interconnect. Contours of diffusion, poly and metal layers are used for parametric analysis. In this paper, we show the results of this physical and electrical DFM methodology at Qualcomm. We describe how Qualcomm was able to develop more aggressive cell designs that yielded a 10% to 15% area reduction using this methodology. Model-based shape simulation was employed during library development to validate architecture choices and to optimize cell layout. At the physical verification stage, the shape simulator was run at full-chip level to identify and fix residual hotspots on interconnect layers, on poly or metal 1 due to interaction between adjacent cells, or on metal 1 due to interaction between routing (via and via cover) and cell geometry. To determine an appropriate electrical DFM solution, Qualcomm developed an experiment to examine various electrical effects. After reporting the silicon results of this experiment, which showed sizeable delay variations due to lithography-related systematic effects, we also explain how contours of diffusion, poly and metal can be used for silicon-aware parametric analysis of transistors and interconnect at the cell-, block- and chip-level.
A Simple Alternative Model for the Estimation of the Carbon Dioxide Effect on the Earth's Energy Balance (2015)

A simple model for the evaluation of the CO 2 concentration effect on the radiative component of the Earth's energy balance is described. The model calculates a single parameter, an expected increase of the average temperature at the Earth surface caused by doubling the CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere. The model is based on the spectrum of Planck radiation leaving the Earth's surface and on IR spectral characteristics of the air column above the surface. The principal distinction of the model with respect to comprehensive global general-circulation models is the representation of the atmosphere as a combination of narrow-range IR filters. Within the approximations used in the model, a doubling the CO 2 concentration in the Earth's atmosphere would lead to an increase of the surface temperature by about +0.5 to 0.7 °C, hardly an effect calling for immediate drastic changes in the planet's energy policies. An increase in the absolute air humidity caused by doubling the CO 2 concentration and the resulting decrease of the outgoing IR flux would produce a relatively small additional effect due to a strong overlap of IR spectral bands of CO 2 and H 2 O, the two compounds primarily responsible for the greenhouse properties of the atmosphere.
Synthesis of Pazopanib Hydrochloride (2013)

Pazopanib hydrochloride,an antitumor agent,was synthesized in overall yield of 34.56% via reaction of 2,3-dimethyl-N-(2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-N-methyl-2H-indazol-6-amine,which was synthesized in several steps starting from 2-ethylaniline,with 2-methyl-5-aminobenzene sulfonamide.The structure was confirmed by 1H NMR and MS.
Type synthesis of six-DOF wrist-partitioned fully parallel manipulators (2008)

A six-DOF wrist-partitioned fully parallel manipulator is a parallel manipulator in which three of the six actuated joints are used to control the position of a point on the moving platform while the other three are further used to control the orientation of the moving platform. Such parallel manipulators are in fact the parallel counterparts of the wrist-partitioned serial manipulators, which are widely used in industry. Unlike parallel manipulators of a general structure, a six-DOF wrist-partitioned fully parallel manipulator usually has simple kinematic characteristics such as its forward displacement analysis and singularity analysis are easy to solve. This paper deals with the type synthesis of six-DOF wrist-partitioned fully parallel manipulators. An approach is first proposed for the type synthesis of this class of parallel manipulators. Using the proposed approach, six-DOF wrist-partitioned fully parallel manipulators can be constructed from the types of three-DOF non-overconstrained spherical parallel manipulators. A large number of six-DOF wrist-partitioned fully parallel manipulators are then obtained, and several types of practical relevance are also identified.Copyright © 2007 by ASME
Murine fibroblasts transfection by laser optoporation: preliminary notes on the use of a visible wavelength (1994)

A novel approach to gene trasfection, i.e. the introduction of an extraneous gene into a host cell, by the 'non-contact forces' of a laser microbeam, is presented here. By means of a large magnification (100x) objective, the blue microbeam of an Argon laser (488 nm) has been focused on the cell membrane in culture in the presence of a pH indicator (namely the phenol-red), which is an usual component of culture media. Due to the local high light absorption of phenol red, which shows an absorption peak at 475 nm, at the site of the beam impact the cell membrane melts forming small circular holes. Throughout the holes, DNA purposely added to culture medium, may penetrate the cytoplasm. The wall damage, whose extension may be regulated by controlling the irradiation time, disappear spontaneously (membrane repair) within 1-2 minutes. By this technique, thereafter indicated as 'optoporation', we have successfully transfected into murine NIH3T3 fibroblasts (beta) -galactosidase and chloramphenicol-acetyltransferase bacterial genes. These conditions of transfection by means of 'non contact' forces, are very mild and do not require any addition of extraneous, potentially toxic chemicals. In addition, since the radiation used is in the visible region, where nucleic acids and most proteins do not absorb, no further deleterious effects for the cell are expected.
Effect of pHand age of culture on cellular fatty acid composition of Leuconostoc oenos (1996)

Z. DRICI-CACHON, J.F. CAVIN AND C. DIVIÈS. 1996. This study is concerned with the fatty acid composition of three strains of Leuconostoc oenos grown at different pH. The most abundant fatty acids were C18: 1w9, C19: 0 cy(w9,10) and C16:0, followed by C16: 1w9 and C14: 0. The pH considerably modified the fatty acid distribution in Lo107 (an acidophilic strain) and Lo8413 (a moderately acidophilic strain). However, moderate changes occurred for LoATCC 23277 (a less acidophilic strain). At pH 2.9, Lo107 has a remarkably high level of C19: 0 cy-(w9,10) and C19:0 cy(w11,12). Proportions of C18: 1 and C19:0 cyclo acids varied mainly with the pH of the medium and also as a function of growth phase. The degree of unsaturation of fatty acids also varied with pH.
Metamaterial-inspired high directive half-loop antenna (2014)

This paper presents a high directive antenna consisting of a half-loop antenna coupled with C resonators cells. With a global size of 10cm × 10cm × 11.4cm the directivity of the antenna is 7.3dB at 920.4MHz. If the orientation of the C resonators is changed, the resulting antenna still has directivity of 7.4dB but with a little increase of the resonance frequency. One can notice that the back radiation is diminished.
Ribosomal vaccines: preparation of subcellular fractions. (1980)

Methods for isolation and analysis of subcellular bacterial fractions intended to be used in the preparation of ribosomal vaccines are described. Cultivation conditions in fermentors for obtaining maximal growth curve slopes are studied; cultivation is stopped before the end of the exponential growth phase in order to collect biomasses having a high viability rate, which is essential for the quality of the subcellular fractions isolated thereafter. Extraction methods for ribosomes and ribosomal RNA, as well as two proceedings for preparing adjuvant proteoglycans from Klebsiella pneumoniae membranes, are described. The analytical methods used for the control of these preparations and the results obtained for the various fractions are given.
Rapid Hospital Room Decontamination Using Ultraviolet (UV) Light with a Nanostructured UV-Reflective Wall Coating (2013)

We tested the ability of an ultraviolet C (UV-C)-reflective wall coating to reduce the time necessary to decontaminate a room using a UV-C-emitting device (Tru-D SmartUVC). The reflective wall coating provided the following time reductions for decontamination: for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, from 25 minutes 13 seconds to 5 minutes 3 seconds ([Formula: see text]), and for Clostridium difficile spores, from 43 minutes 42 seconds to 9 minutes 24 seconds ([Formula: see text]).