gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sublattice Rotation of GaP Grown on 2°-Misoriented Si Substrate Using Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy (2011)

GaP was grown on 2°- or 4°-misoriented Si substrates at 800 or 830 °C using metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. Single-domain GaP layers were obtained on the 4°-misoriented substrates at both temperatures. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the GaP surface feature was perpendicular to the misorientation direction. A single-domain GaP layer was achieved on the 2°-misoriented substrate only at 800 °C. The GaP surface feature on the 2°-misoriented substrate rotated 90° with respect to that on the 4°-misoriented substrate, which indicates sublattice rotation. AFM revealed that domains elongating along the misorientation direction were found more in the initial growth stage on the 2°-misoriented substrate at 800 °C than on the 4°-misoriented substrate. The Si surface with double domains is responsible for the sublattice rotation. Transmission electron microscopy observation showed neither stacking faults nor threading dislocations in the GaP layer grown on the 2°-misoriented substrate at 800 °C.
Individualized hypo/hyperfractionated radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer. (2014)

Radical radiotherapy has a crucial role in the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy [SABR, also known as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT)], which involves the administration of biologically effective doses (BEDs) in excess of 100 Gy in a few large radiation doses in a short overall treatment time, for stage I NSCLC has produced local control rates in excess of 90% and survival comparable to that after lobectomy.
What Computational Methods can Teach us about the Alzheimer-Protective Nature of A2V-and A2T-Mutant Amyloid-Beta Oligomers (2015)

International audience
Novel Water-Based Mud for Low-Permeable Reservoir in South China Sea (2023)

Conventional reservoir drill-in fluids used for drilling reservoirs in Weizhou Oilfield encounter rheological problems that result in technical problems such as hole-cleaning in openhole horizontal intervals. Hence, novel drill-in fluid was developed by optimizing the additive quantity and particle size distribution. Lab tests showed that novel drill-in fluids boast high low shearing rate viscosity, and provide promising cutting, carrying, and suspension capabilities. Furthermore, the novel drill-in fluids performed well in reservoir protection, with a permeability recovery rate of more than 90%. The novel drill-in fluids also have high inhibition capabilities with a linear expansion rate of mud shale as low as 10%, with a rolling recovery rate of up to 96.48%. Field application results showed no pipe-stuck was encountered during tripping in the horizontal interval when using the novel drill-in fluid. Moreover, by using the novel drill-in fluids, skin factor was reduced from 20.0 to −3.0, and daily oil production was double what was expected. It was concluded that novel drill-in fluids meets the demand of horizontal drilling intervals in Weizhou Oilfield and improves hole-cleaning and reservoir protection in the horizontal well.
TerraSAR-X High Resolution SAR-Interferometry (2008)

TerraSAR-X has been in orbit since June 15th, 2007 and has continuously been collecting data. Thousands of images have been acquired for evaluation during the commissioning phase that has lasted until end of 2007. In order to proof the phase quality of the overall system a number of interferometric pairs and even small stacks of repeated InSAR data have been scheduled during this phase. Our paper explains necessary modifications on the InSAR algorithms to process the TerraSAR-X data. The interferometric characteristics of these data have been checked by case studies and a representative overview of our evaluation results is given. The technical quality and performance of the sensor and data processing system has been proofed by application case studies. We illustrate the information content of spotlight SAR images in urban areas and focus on the new potentials of high resolution SAR interferometry by processing examples. Using spotlight mode, the pixel size is reduced to 1 meter allowing to distinguish and monitor different parts of buildings. Our current results are encouraging us to predict that spotlight interferometry will be a hot topic in the next years with many practical applications e.g. coherent stacking for PSI time series and tomography.
Evaluation of New Medium for Identification of Dermatophytes and Primary Dimorphic Pathogens (2003)

Only 25 of 77 dermatophytic isolates caused dermatophyte identification medium (DIM) to turn purple after incubation at the recommended temperature (37 degrees C); the accuracy of the results was improved at 30 degrees C (71 of 77 isolates yielded positive results). Many dimorphic pathogenic fungi also tested positive at both incubation temperatures. Thus, DIM has limited usefulness for presumptive identification of dermatophytes.
Sorption and permeation of organic environmental contaminants through PVC geomembranes (1997)

The effect of penetrant diffusion on the barrier properties of PVC geomembranes have been determined for the following organic environmental contaminants: benzene, dichloromethane, and trichloroethylene. The membranes experienced swelling to a degree which depends on the type of penetrant used. Some dissolution may occur, and in general we are dealing with Case II transport. The experimental work was performed with an ASTM-cell, a Cahn balance, and an in-house built gravity (G-) cell. Those instruments generated comparable data on breakthrough times. The obtained diffusion coefficients as well as the breakthrough times obeyed an Arrhenius-type relation over the temperature range studied. Liquid sorption of the various penetrants modified the geomembrane structure. Membrane surface pretreatment with different contaminants influences the subsequent transport of organic penetrants through PVC geomembranes. That is to say: the induced swelling, as result of membrane contact with one penetrant, is likely to alter the system free volume, allowing for a different rate of mass transport for subsequent penetrants. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 63: 1189–1197, 1997
Prospective Evaluation of 50 Consecutive Scoliosis Patients Surgically Treated With Thoracoscopic Anterior Instrumentation (2005)

Thoracoscopic anterior instrumentation for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a viable surgical option. The outcomes of this consecutive series of patients is comparable to prior open and endoscopic series presented in the literature. The technical challenges of this operation are evident in the learning curve effect, which has been demonstrated.
Efficient Photoinduced Orthogonal Energy and Electron Transfer Reactions via Phospholipid Membrane-Bound Donors and Acceptors (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEfficient Photoinduced Orthogonal Energy and Electron Transfer Reactions via Phospholipid Membrane-Bound Donors and AcceptorsP. J. Clapp, Bruce Armitage, Patricia Roosa, and David F. O'BrienCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 20, 9166–9173Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00099a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00099a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views173Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The frictional charging of metals by a carbon dioxide spray (1975)

A carbon dioxide spray, containing particles as well as gas, produces an electric current when it impinges on a metal surface. This current was measured for a series of metals. Care was taken to provide a pure carbon dioxide atmosphere for the spraying process and to control the roughness and temperature of the sprayed surface. The surfaces were prepared by evaporating metals on to polished brass plates. With a nozzle pressure of 4.37*104 torr and a flow rate of 2.5*10-4 m3 s-1, currents of the order 10-10-10-8 A were obtained. A correlation between current and the work-functions of the metals was found. The current can be explained in terms of electron transfer induced by the contact of substances having different work functions.
Attachment of membrane separator for removal of radon to ionization chamber installed for tritium stack monitor. (1988)

The effect of background counts induced by α-particles mainly from Rn in air was removed by the attachment of a water-permselective membrane separator to a tritium stack monitor equipped previously. Water vapor, after permeating the membrane selectively, was carried by N2 gas into an ionization chamber where the activity of tritium was measured. The consumption of N2 gas for carrier was reduced by recycling the gas through dehumidification processes; (1) condensation by pressure, (2) condensation by refrigeration and (3) adsorption (by adsorbents), so that there is no added daily work arising from the attachment for maintenance of the tritium monitor.
An Integrated Geographic Information System and Marketing Information System Model (2013)

Maintaining competitive advantage is significant in this present day of globalization, knowledge management and enormous economic activities. An organization's future developments are influenced by its managements' decisions. Businesses today are facing a lot of challenges in terms of competition and they have to be in the lead by strengthening their research and development strategies with the aid of cutting edge technologies. Hence marketing intelligence is now a key to the success of any business in today's rapidly changing business environment. With all the technologies available in marketing research, businesses still struggle with how to gather information and make decisions in a short time and real-time about their customers' needs and purchasing patterns in various geographical areas. This paper is set out to contribute to the body of knowledge in the area of the application of Geographic Information Systems technology solutions to businesses by developing a model for integrating Geographic Information Systems into existing Marketing Information Systems for effective marketing research. This model will interconnect organizations at the highest levels, providing reassurance to enable broad scope of checks and balances as well as benefiting many business activities including operational, tactical and strategic decision making due to its analytical and solution driven functions.
Usage of Biomass for Energetic Conversion (2011)

Abstract Die stoffliche und energetische Nutzung von Biomasse wird im Zuge der Bestrebungen nach einer nachhaltigen und klimaneutralen Energieversorgung stark gefördert aber auch, zum Teil recht kontrovers, diskutiert. Biomasse liefert bereits heute einen erheblichen Anteil regenerativer Energie in Deutschland, insbesondere im Wärmesektor. Aber auch für die Gewinnung von Elektrizität und Treibstoffen für den Transportsektor hat Biomasse inzwischen erwähnenswerte Anteile erreicht. Es wird ein Überblick über Verfahrenswege zur Energiewandlung aus Biomassen verschiedener Herkunft gegeben sowie der Forschungs‐ und Entwicklungsbedarf aussichtsreicher Verfahrenswege diskutiert.
A novel application of Massive MIMO: Massive Antenna Systems for Wireless Entrance (MAS-WE) (2015)

This paper proposes a practical application of Massive MIMO technology, Massive Antenna Systems for Wireless Entrance (MAS-WE), and its related inter-user interference (IUI) cancellation and scheduling techniques. MAS-WE, on which the entrance base station (EBS) employs a large number of antennas, can effectively provide high capacity wireless entrance links to a large number of Wi-Fi access points (APs) distributed in wide coverage area. The proposed techniques have been ultimately simplified to be less impact for their practical implementation in order to spatially multiplex more than 16 signal streams with around 100 antenna elements at EBS side. SIR performance was evaluated by system level simulation considering imperfect channel state information (CSI) and the results showed that the proposed MAS-WE with simplified techniques can achieve high spectral efficiency with high level space division multiplexing.
AnalogtoDigital Converter Architectures (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: General Considerations Performance Metrics Flash Architectures Two-Step Architectures Interpolative and Folding Architectures Pipelined Architectures Successive Approximation Architectures Interleaved Architectures This chapter contains sections titled: References
Secondary deletional recombination of rearranged switch region in Ig isotype-switched B cells. A mechanism for isotype stabilization. (1995)

Analysis of the Ig switch (S) region structure from many stable isotype-switched B cells reveals that the majority of the ultimate switch recombination sites are located at the 5' end, or even upstream of the 5' end of the Smu region. These findings strongly contrast with results from switch circle analysis which reveal that the primary switch recombination sites are preferentially distributed in the middle or at the 3' end of the Smu region. Secondary deletion within recombined chimeric S regions has been proposed as a mechanism to account for the different results. We directly tested whether secondary deletion of rearranged chimeric S regions indeed occurs in human cells. Circular DNAs representing secondary deletion events in gamma switched cells were isolated and characterized by using a specially designed PCR-based approach. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that all clones had the S gamma 1-Smu-S gamma 1 structure. Thus, these cloned fragments resulted from secondary deletion/recombination events within a chimeric Smu-S gamma 1 switch region, i.e., rearrangement between its 5' Smu and 3' S gamma 1. Analysis of the Smu region from stimulated B cells also revealed that some Smu regions undergo an internal deletion/rearrangement between the 5' and 3' ends. These results definitively demonstrate that secondary deletion/recombination of chimeric S regions of isotype-switched B cells occurs. Such secondary deletion/recombination events potentially can be responsible for isotype stabilization of switched B cells, as the active Ig gene may have an insufficient amount of retained chimeric switch sequence to serve as a substrate for further S-S recombination.
Anion-exchange resin-based desulfurization process. Quarterly technical progress report, April 1, 1993--June 30, 1993 (1993)

Under the current grant (No. DE-FG22-90PC90309), the University of Tennessee Space Institute (UTSI) will perform the bench scale evaluation and further development of the anion-exchange resin-based desulfurization concept to desulfurize alkali metal sulfates. The developmental program proposed under this DOE grant includes screening of commercially available resins to select three candidate resins for further study. These three resins will undergo a series of experiments designed to test the resins` performance under different process conditions (including the use of spent MHD seed material). The best of these resins will be used in optimizing the regeneration step and in testing the effects of performance enhancers. During this reporting period, April 1, 1993 to June 30, 1993, the procedure to evaluate the cycle efficiency of candidate resins in the fixed-bed mode was slightly modified to ensure complete regeneration of the exhausted resin. Using this revised procedure, ten consecutive cycles for all the three resins have been completed and the results are being analyzed.
Transition metal ion-doped In2O3nanocubes: investigation of their photocatalytic degradation activity under sunlight (2020)

The objective of this work was to study the effect of transition metal ion doping (1 wt% of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) in indium oxide (In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) on its photocatalytic activity to degrade organic dyes, which are considered potential environment pollutants. The transition metal ion-doped In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanocube photocatalyst was prepared <i>via</i> the hydrothermal method. After understanding the thermal behavior of the as-prepared sample (In(OH)<sub>3</sub>), it was calcined at 400 °C for 3 h to obtain In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> was systematically investigated <i>via</i> FESEM, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and UV-vis absorption analysis. Microstructure analysis by FESEM showed that the In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> was formed as nanocubes. These nanocubes were formed in a single phase with a cubic crystal structure, while their crystallite size increased from 11 nm to 19 nm when doped with 1 wt% of transition metals, including Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu. The band gap energy for pure In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> was determined to be 3 eV, and that for the metal ion-doped In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> showed a slight decrease to the lowest value of 2.94 eV. The photoluminescence (PL) decay lifetime was found to be in the range of 28.56 ns to 33.89 ns. Photocatalytic experiments were conducted for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under sunlight irradiation in the presence of the In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanocubes. Among the five metal ion-doped samples, the Ni ion-doped In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> photocatalyst exhibited the highest degradation efficiency of 98% in 270 min of sunlight exposure. The high performance of Ni-In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> is due to its highest PL lifetime of 33.89 ns. The complete route for the degradation of MB dye was revealed by identifying the intermediates.
Peptidomics of Cpefat/fat mouse brain regions: implications for neuropeptide processing (2008)

Quantitative peptidomics was used to compare levels of peptides in wild type (WT) and Cpe(fat/fat) mice, which lack carboxypeptidase E (CPE) activity because of a point mutation. Six different brain regions were analyzed: amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, prefrontal cortex, striatum, and thalamus. Altogether, 111 neuropeptides or other peptides derived from secretory pathway proteins were identified in WT mouse brain extracts by tandem mass spectrometry, and another 47 peptides were tentatively identified based on mass and other criteria. Most secretory pathway peptides were much lower in Cpe(fat/fat) mouse brain, relative to WT mouse brain, indicating that CPE plays a major role in their biosynthesis. Other peptides were only partially reduced in the Cpe(fat/fat) mice, indicating that another enzyme (presumably carboxypeptidase D) contributes to their biosynthesis. Approximately 10% of the secretory pathway peptides were present in the Cpe(fat/fat) mouse brain at levels similar to those in WT mouse brain. Many peptides were greatly elevated in the Cpe(fat/fat) mice; these peptide processing intermediates with C-terminal Lys and/or Arg were generally not detectable in WT mice. Taken together, these results indicate that CPE contributes, either directly or indirectly, to the production of the majority of neuropeptides.
Cs-Ar optical amplifier with a saturation intensity of 10 kW-cm−2 and single-pass extraction efficiency of 28% at 852.2 nm (2020)

Optical amplification by the stimulated emission of Cs(6p<sup>2</sup>P<sub>3/2</sub>)-Ar atomic pairs, observed in pump-probe experiments over a ∼290 GHz-wide spectral region lying to the red of the Cs D<sub>2</sub> line (852.1 nm), has been realized by photoexciting thermalized, ground state Cs-Ar atoms in the 834-849 nm wavelength interval. When the gain medium is pumped at the peak of the CsAr B<sup>2</sup>Σ<sub>1/2</sub><sup>+</sup>←X<sup>2</sup>Σ<sub>1/2</sub><sup>+</sup> transition at 836.7 nm, maximum gain occurs between 852.2 nm and 852.3 nm and >28% of the energy stored in the upper laser level is extracted with 8 ns (FWHM) probe pulses in a single pass. From the measured rate of saturation of the extracted pulse energy with increasing probe intensity, the product of γ<sub>0</sub>L and E<sub>sat</sub>, the saturation pulse energy, is measured directly to be 400 ± 20 µJ and the lower limit for the saturation intensity (I<sub>sat</sub>) of this amplifier is estimated to be 10 kW-cm<sup>-2</sup> at 852.2 nm. Circularly polarizing the optical pump beam increases the optical-to-optical conversion efficiency by 20%, and the storage lifetime of the upper laser level is observed from temporally-resolved gain spectra to be 5 ± 1 ns. Pump excitation spectra also reveal a significant contribution from Ar-Cs-Ar (3-body) photoassociation and suprathermal Ar atoms generated by the dissociation of the CsAr B<sup>2</sup>Σ<sub>1/2</sub><sup>+</sup> complex. Multipass-amplifier geometries with broad-bandwidth probe signals are expected to yield upper state energy extraction efficiencies above 50%. This alkali-rare gas amplifier demonstrates the efficiencies available with the storage of energy in, and optical extraction from, excited atomic collision pairs.
Exploring a Double Full-Stack Communications-Enabled Architecture for Multi-Core Quantum Computers (2020)

Being a very promising technology, with impressive advances in the recent years, it is still unclear how quantum computing will scale to satisfy the requirements of its most powerful applications. Although continued progress in the fabrication and control of qubits is required, quantum computing scalability will depend as well on a comprehensive architectural design considering a multi-core approach as an alternative to the traditional monolithic version, hence including a communications perspective. However, this goes beyond introducing mere interconnects. Rather, it implies consolidating the full communications stack in the quantum computer architecture. In this paper, we propose a double full-stack architecture encompassing quantum computation and quantum communications, which we use to address the monolithic versus multi-core question with a structured design methodology. For that, we revisit the different quantum computing layers to capture and model their essence by highlighting the open design variables and performance metrics. Using behavioral models and actual measurements from existing quantum computers, the results of simulations suggest that multi-core architectures may effectively unleash the full quantum computer potential.