gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resolving and Managing Conflicts in Academic Communities: The Emerging Role of the “Pracademic” (2001)

Abstract The academic world is where a new kind of dispute resolution specialist the “pracademic” - is working. Solidly based in academe by virtue of his or her scholarly credentials and career, this person has also developed expertise in alternative (or appropriate) dispute resolution. The pracademic is frequently called upon to help resolve particular disputes and can help identify sources of problems among the many layers of organization found in an academic setting. The authors discuss the role, responsibilities, and challenges of pracademics and speculate on future directions for this emergent practice.
Effect of ADP and Thrombin on Fibrin Retraction Inducde by Human Platelets and Fibro-Blasts (1975)

Clots formed upon addition of thrombin to suspensions of human platelets (107–109/ml) or of cultured human skin fibroblasts (2 × 106/ml) and fibrinogen (0.1%) retracted within 10–120 min at 37°C., however, when thrombin was substituted with Bothrops marajoensis thrombin like enzyme (BM enzyme) no retraction occurred. ADP (50 η moles) and low concentrations of thrombin (0.01–0.1 units) stimulated platelets to retract clots formed with BM enzyme. This type of clot retraction was inhibited by apyrase and creatine phosphate kinase in the presence of creatine phosphate but that induced by higher concentrations of thrombin (2 units) was not affected. Since thrombin releases ADP from platelets it is possible that clot retraction induced by low concentrations of thrombin is mediated by ADP. On the other hand high concentrations of thrombin may promote clot retraction independently of ADP. As tested by firefly method fibroblasts contained 12 n moles ATP and 4 n moles ADP per mg protein, a value closely ressembling that of nor metabolic adenine nucleotides in platelets. Thrombin did not cause release of adenine nucleotides from fibroblasts nor did addition of ADP stimulate fibroblasts to retract fibrin. These data support the view that the response to ADP is a specific cellular property of platelets and suggest that both types of cells may have similar receptors sensitive to thrombin. (Aided by grants HL 15226 and HL 14217 from N.I.H. and MA-3515 from the Medical Research Council of Canada.)
Non-operable glioblastoma: Proposition of patient-specific forecasting by image-informed poromechanical model (2023)

We propose a novel image-informed glioblastoma mathematical model within a reactive multiphase poromechanical framework. Poromechanics offers to model in a coupled manner the interplay between tissue deformation and pressure-driven fluid flows, these phenomena existing simultaneously in cancer disease. The model also relies on two mechano-biological hypotheses responsible for the heterogeneity of the GBM: hypoxia signaling cascade and interaction between extra-cellular matrix and tumor cells. The model belongs to the category of patient-specific image-informed models as it is initialized, calibrated and evaluated by the means of patient imaging data. The model is calibrated with patient data after 6 cycles of concomitant radiotherapy chemotherapy and shows good agreement with treatment response 3 months after chemotherapy maintenance. Sensitivity of the solution to parameters and to boundary conditions is provided. As this work is only a first step of the inclusion of poromechanical framework in image-informed glioblastoma mathematical models, leads of improvement are provided in the conclusion. Statement of Significance: In this study, we employ mechanics of reactive porous media to effectively model the dynamic progression of a glioblastoma. Traditionally, glioblastoma tumors are surgically removed a few weeks post-diagnosis. To address this, we focus on a non-operable clinical scenario which allows us to have sufficient time points for the calibration and subsequent validation of our mathematical model. It is paramount to underscore that the tumor’s evolution is significantly influenced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. These therapeutic effects find incorporation within our mathematical framework. Notably, the approach we present is distinctive for two key reasons: Firstly, the mathematical model inherently captures the complex multiphase and hierarchical nature of brain tissue. Secondly, our constitutive laws factor in the ever-changing properties of cells and tissues, mirroring the local phenotypic alterations observed within the tumor. This work constitutes an initial stride towards systematically integrating multiphase poromechanics into patient-specific glioblastoma growth modeling. As we look ahead, we acknowledge areas for potential enhancement in pursuit of advancing this promising direction.
Drawbacks of a medium sized, grid coupled Photo Voltaic Array (2016)

A medium sized photo voltaic (PV) array with good inverters produces high quality, real (true) power.. The maximum allowable reactive power is a percentage of the real power consumed from the grid. Before the PV array was installed the reactive power was less than 50% of the real power, which is allowed by the by-laws. Because of the amount of PV generated real power the actual consumed real power reduced. The ratio of reactive power to the consumed power changed therefore drastically. According the by-laws and the utility the eactive power drawn from the power grid is too high and the owner of the PV installation now has to pay a fine.
Selective Electron Beam Erosion and Deposition of Materials (2005)

Journal Article Selective Electron Beam Erosion and Deposition of Materials Get access D C Joy, D C Joy University of Tennessee Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P D Rack P D Rack University of Tennessee Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 11, Issue S02, 1 August 2005, Pages 816–817, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927605500874 Published: 01 August 2005
Aging and the Exercise Pressor Reflex in Humans (2003)

Aging attenuates the muscle reflex.
Optimizing Polymerflood via Rate Control (2011)

Abstract The use of injection and production rate control is a common practice for optimal waterflood management. However, the benefits of rate control for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes have not been fully explored. In this paper, we examine the role of rate optimization in polymerflooding to maximize sweep efficiency and to minimize polymer recycling by delaying polymer breakthrough. Field scale rate optimization problems for EOR processes involve complex physical and simulation models, production and facility constraints, and a large number of unknowns. Deployment of smart well completions with inflow control valves (ICV) to control production/injection rates for various segments along the wellbore further compounds to the complexity of the optimization. We propose a practical and efficient approach for computing optimal production/ injection rates for polymerflooding with application to smart wells. Our approach relies on equalizing arrival time of the floodfront at all producers to maximize the sweep efficiency and additional ‘norm’ constraints on the arrival times to achieve production acceleration. The ‘optimal’ rate strategy is decided based upon a compromise between maximizing sweep efficiency and production acceleration. We use streamlines to compute the analytical sensitivity of arrival times with respect to well rates. Analytical forms for gradient and Hessian of the objective function are derived, making our optimization computationally efficient for large-scale applications under a hierarchy of operational and facility constraints. We demonstrate our approach using a 2D synthetic example and a field-scale application. The results clearly demonstrate the benefits of rate optimization either by reducing polymer usage or increasing oil recovery. In particular, the 3D field-scale application results in achieving higher oil recovery and reducing associated water and polymer production for the same amount of polymer injection. The geological uncertainty has been accounted for via a stochastic optimization framework based on a combination of the expected value and variance of a performance measure from multiple realizations.
Comparison of Decompressing Stoma vs Stent as a Bridge to Surgery for Left-Sided Obstructive Colon Cancer (2020)

The findings suggest that DS as bridge to resection of left-sided obstructive colon cancer is associated with advantages and disadvantages compared with SEMS, with similar intermediate-term oncologic outcomes. The existing equipoise indicates the need for a randomized clinical trial that compares the 2 bridging techniques.
NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF A SELECTIVE N‐METHYL‐d‐ASPARTATE NR2B RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST IN THE 6‐HYDROXYDOPAMINE RAT MODEL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE (2008)

1. Current pharmacotherapies for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) are largely symptomatic and do not attenuate the characteristic nigral (dopamine) cell loss. 2. Using the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model of PD, we investigated the novel, potentially neuroprotective compound BZAD-01, which is an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor antagonist selective for the NR2B subunit. 3. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with either 10 mg/kg BZAD-01 or vehicle (5% sucrose and 0.1% ascorbate) in their drinking water for 11 days prior to and for 3 days following 6-OHDA surgery. During surgery, rats received an injection of either a toxic dose of 16 microg 6-OHDA or a non-toxic dose of 1 microg 6-OHDA (sham) into the medial forebrain bundle. A series of behavioural tests, including curling (measuring body axis bias), head position bias and narrow beam, was performed fortnightly for 8 weeks after surgery to assess the effects of BZAD-01 pretreatment on parkinsonism. Drug-induced rotational asymmetry was also assessed just before rats were killed. Post-mortem immunohistochemistry was performed to quantify the degree of nigral dopamine cell loss. 4. Pretreatment of 6-OHDA-lesioned rats with BZAD-01 significantly reduced the amount of dopamine cell loss and significantly improved all behavioural measures. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in any of the behavioural measures between lesioned rats pretreated with BZAD-01 and rats that underwent sham surgery.
Expression of genes for subunits of plant‐type RuBisCO from Chromatium and production of the enzymically active molecule in Escherichia coli (1985)

A DNA fragment containing genes for both large (A) and small (B) subunits of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) from a photosynthetic bacterium Chromatium vinosum was ligated with vectors for expressing unfused proteins and introduced into cells of Escherichia coli. The expressers of RuBisCO were screened on agar plates using the specific antibody raised against the native enzyme from Chromatium. The production of both subunits A and B in the expressers was demonstrated by an immunoblotting experiment. The amount of RuBisCO produced in the E. coli cells was as high as 15% of the total soluble protein after induction with isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactoside. The specific activity of enzyme molecules produced in E. coli was nearly the same as that of the original Chromatium enzyme. On gel filtration high-performance liquid chromatography the two enzymes showed identical elution behavior, strongly indicating their similar quaternary structures.
A low-temperature structural phase transition in aqueous dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine bilayers observed by Raman scattering (1982)

A new structural phase change at −60 °C and atmospheric pressure was observed in the gel phase of aqueous DMPC dispersions. This gel–gel phase transition exhibits first-order characteristics and is equivalent to the phase transition observed at 2.6 kbar and 30 °C. The decrease in temperature has analogous effects on the ordering of the acyl chains in DMPC as has the increase in pressure. The rigid interchain reorientational fluctuations in the gel phase are gradually damped with decreasing temperature and below −60 °C the interchain orientation becomes highly ordered.
Consumption of a COX‐2 inhibitor stimulates muscle protein synthesis after resistance exercise in humans (2008)

We have previously shown that non‐specific blockade of the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes in human skeletal muscle eliminates the normal increase in muscle protein synthesis following resistance exercise. We tested the hypothesis that this COX‐mediated increase in postexercise muscle protein synthesis is specifically regulated by the COX‐2 isoform. Sixteen males (23 ± 1 y, 177 ± 2 cm, 81.5 ± 3.4 kg) were randomly assigned to one of two groups that received three doses of either a specific COX‐2 inhibitor (celecoxib; 200 mg per dose, 600 mg total) or a placebo during the 24 h following a single bout of resistance exercise. Skeletal muscle fractional synthesis rate (FSR) was measured at rest and 24 hours postexercise. Mixed muscle FSR was increased following exercise to a greater extent (206%, p&lt;0.05) in the COX‐2 group (0.052 ± 0.014 %/h) as compared with the placebo group (0.017 ± 0.007 %/h). These results suggest that specific inhibition of the COX‐2 isoform in human skeletal muscle causes a compensatory response in muscle protein synthesis. These data also highlight the involvement of the COX pathways in the regulation of muscle protein synthesis following resistance exercise. NIH R01 AG020532 (TT)
Stabilization of Mo‐Gate MOS Structures Using  H 2 Doping in Mo and High Temperature Forming Gas Annealing (1984)

Mobile ionic charge‐related instability in Mo‐gate MOS devices has been successfully prevented by high temperature forming gas annealing above 900°C, combined with Mo or Ta‐Mo alloy gate electrodes. films were deposited by RF sputtering in a mixed and Ar ambient. It is concluded that sodium diffusion from Mo‐gate metal into the gate is prevented by forming gas annealing above 900°C, and that its effect is enhanced by in Mo films. It is also revealed that, when Ta‐Mo (7 atom percent Ta) alloy gate structures are used, high temperature forming gas annealing does not degrade other MOS characteristics and maintains good stability under short‐term bias‐temperature stress aging.
A framework for continuous multimodal sign language recognition (2009)

We present a multimodal system for the recognition of manual signs and non-manual signals within continuous sign language sentences. In sign language, information is mainly conveyed through hand gestures (Manual Signs). Non-manual signals, such as facial expressions, head movements, body postures and torso movements, are used to express a large part of the grammar and some aspects of the syntax of sign language. In this paper we propose a multichannel HMM based system to recognize manual signs and non-manual signals. We choose a single non-manual signal, head movement, to evaluate our framework when recognizing non-manual signals. Manual signs and non-manual signals are processed independently using continuous multidimensional HMMs and a HMM threshold model. Experiments conducted demonstrate that our system achieved a detection ratio of 0.95 and a reliability measure of 0.93.
Superficial temporal-middle cerebral artery bypass (1979)

Pre- and postoperative angiograms on 40 patients undergoing superficial temporal-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass surgery have been examined in detail. Multiple postoperative angiograms have been obtained to evaluate the change in both the bypass circuit and the intracranial circulation over time. A reproducible system for evaluating the degree of intracranial vascular filling via the bypass is introduced. The study shows that the STA and its anastomotic branch increase in size over time, measured in months, in the majority of patients. This is paralleled by a progressive increase in the degree of intracranial vascular filling. These changes are proportional to the severity of the vascular disease before surgery. The pattern of preoperative collateral circulation may change over time following the addition of the bypass circuit. The progressive change over time suggests that a static analysis at one time may belie the true effect of the surgery. The change of collateral circulation with augmentation of blood supply to areas of the brain other than those affected by the recent ischemic event, means that a total cerebral evaluation including neuropsychological testing may be necessary for adequate evaluation of the effect of the bypass surgery.
Alloying-induced biaxial strain in ternary alloys of transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) (Conference Presentation) (2018)

Alloying has served as a powerful means for tuning the non-vanishing optical bandgap of two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), a family of 2D materials with optoelectronic properties covering a wide spectral window ranging from visible to near-infrared. In addition to the bandgap engineering, ‘spatial’ modulation of the composition ratio (i.e., x) in a ternary TMD alloy (e.g., MX2xX2(1-x)’; M: transition metal, X, X’: chalcogens) enables formation of lateral heterostructures with complex functionalities within the plane of 2D materials, a new asset that expands the realm of applications in which 2D materials can be incorporated. Despite several demonstrations of alloying in 2D TMDs, the phenomenologically important issue of strain development and its effect on the optical and structural properties of 2D TMD alloys is still missing. Here, we show that alloying processes induce a biaxial tensile strain that acts on the lattice of 2D TMD alloys and affect their optical properties. In addition, we show that such strain inflicts sever fracture of the alloys via formation of sub-micron-sized cracks. Our experimental characterization combined with detailed theoretical modeling suggest the important role of the Van der Waals interaction between the 2D material and the substrate in formation of the alloying-induced strain. Furthermore, we demonstrate the critical role of crystal defects in cracking of the TMD alloys, which further emphasizes the importance of high quality synthesis of 2D TMD crystals for practical applications.
Label-Free Raman Imaging to Monitor Breast Tumor Signatures (2016)

Although not yet ready for clinical application, methods based on Raman spectroscopy have shown significant potential in identifying, characterizing, and discriminating between noncancerous and cancerous specimens. Real-time and accurate medical diagnosis achievable through this vibrational optical method largely benefits from improvements in current technological and software capabilities. Not only is the acquisition of spectral information now possible in milliseconds and analysis of hundreds of thousands of data points achieved in minutes, but Raman spectroscopy also allows simultaneous detection and monitoring of several biological components. Besides demonstrating a significant Raman signature distinction between nontumorigenic (MCF-10A) and tumorigenic (MCF-7) breast epithelial cells, our study demonstrates that Raman can be used as a label-free method to evaluate epidermal growth factor activity in tumor cells. Comparative Raman profiles and images of specimens in the presence or absence of epidermal growth factor show important differences in regions attributed to lipid, protein, and nucleic acid vibrations. The occurrence, which is dependent on the presence of epidermal growth factor, of new Raman features associated with the appearance of phosphothreonine and phosphoserine residues reflects a signal transduction from the membrane to the nucleus, with concomitant modification of DNA/RNA structural characteristics. Parallel Western blotting analysis reveals an epidermal growth factor induction of phosphorylated Akt protein, corroborating the Raman results. The analysis presented in this work is an important step toward Raman-based evaluation of biological activity of epidermal growth factor receptors on the surfaces of breast cancer cells. With the ultimate future goal of clinically implementing Raman-guided techniques for the diagnosis of breast tumors (e.g., with regard to specific receptor activity), the current results just lay the foundation for further label-free optical tools to diagnose the disease.
Real-time holograms generated by second-harmonic cross-correlation of object and reference optical wave-fields (2002)

Summary form only. Second-harmonic (SH) cross-correlation is a substantially new method for wave-field transformation that shares many properties with holographic methods. In this case the reconstructed wave-field is formed by the frequency-doubled radiation, while both fields impinging on the SH crystal, which acts as the holographic plate, are at the fundamental frequency.
SARS-CoV-2 Load does not Predict Transmissibility in College Students (2021)

Abstract SARS-CoV2 is highly contagious and the global spread has caused significant medical, social and economic impacts. Other than vaccination, effective public health measures, including contact tracing, isolation and quarantine, is critical for deterring viral transmission, preventing infection progression and resuming normal activities. Viral transmission is affected by many factors but the viral load and vitality could be among the most important ones. Although in vitro culture studies have indicated that the amount of virus isolated from infected people determines the successful rate of virus isolation, whether the viral load carried at the individual level would affect the transmissibility was not known. We aimed to determine whether the Ct value, a measurement of viral load by RT-PCR assay, could differentiate the spreader from the non-spreader in a population of college students. Our results indicate that while at the population level the Ct value is lower, suggesting a higher viral load, in the symptomatic spreaders than the asymptomatic non-spreaders, there is a significant overlap in the Ct values between the two groups. Thus Ct values, or the viral load, at the individual level could not predict the transmissibility. Our studies also suggest that a sensitive method to detect the presence of virus is needed to identify asymptomatic persons who may carry a low viral load but can still be infectious.
Correlation between laser-induced hot-electron cooling and quantum efficiency in THz quantum cascade lasers (2009)

The authors will present an experimental study of the correlation of the electronic temperature of the active region with the stimulated emission of photons in QCLs. Using micro-probe photoluminescence (PL) the authors report the evidence of a new physical phenomenon characteristic of semiconductor lasers, i.e. the cooling of the electrons above the laser threshold for stimulated emission. This effect is directly related with the quantum efficiency, which is one of the central physical quantities in the theory of semiconductor lasers. As a model system we have selected the terahertz quantum cascade laser, in which hot-electron effects must be fully understood to explore the device physical limits in terms of maximum temperature, wavelength and quantum efficiencies.