gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genitopatellar syndrome (2012)

Genitopatellar syndrome is one of the syndromes described in the last decade. It is characterized by agenesis of the corpus callosum, absent or hypoplastic patellae, extremity contractures, skeletal anomalies, urogenital anomalies, and facial dysmorphic features. While writing this report, only 15 cases have been reported in the literature. The etiology, clinical features, management, and natural history of this syndrome are not yet well established. Past reports in the literature have not been able to identify the exact genetic etiology but it somewhat coincides with nail patella syndrome and short patella syndrome. We would like to introduce this terminology to the orthopedic community and highlight the clinical features of the genitopatellar syndrome. To the best of our knowledge, this is a single case report with the longest follow-up of 11 years in the literature.
Targeting Intracellular Ion Homeostasis for the Control of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (2018)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of mortality in infants and young children. Despite the RSV disease burden, no vaccine is available, and treatment remains nonspecific. New drug candidates are needed to combat RSV. Toward this goal, we screened over 2,000 compounds to identify approved drugs with novel anti-RSV activity. Cardiac glycosides, inhibitors of the membrane-bound Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase, were identified to have anti-RSV activity. Cardiac glycosides diminished RSV infection in human epithelial type 2 cells and in primary human airway epithelial cells grown at an air-liquid interface. Digoxin, a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved cardiac glycoside, was also able to inhibit infection of primary nasal epithelial cells with community isolates of RSV. Our results suggest that the antiviral effects of cardiac glycosides may be dependent on changes in the intracellular Na<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup> composition. Consistent with this mechanism, we demonstrated that the ionophoric antibiotics salinomycin, valinomycin, and monensin inhibited RSV in human epithelial type 2 cells and primary nasal epithelial cells. Our data indicate that the K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup>-sensitive steps in the RSV life cycle occur within the initial 4 hours of viral infection but do not include virus binding/entry. Rather, our findings demonstrated a negative effect on the RSV transcription and/or replication process. Overall, this work suggests that targeting intracellular ion concentrations offers a novel antiviral strategy.
Adaptive Energy Reservation MAC Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks (2008)

Distinguishing with the radio frequency (RF) communication for the terrestrial wireless sensor net-works, the peculiarity of acoustic communication in underwater environment causes many issues of energy consumption, propagation delay, time synchronization and other factors when designing the sensor network. The MAC protocol, which plays an important role of managing and controlling the channels, should overcome these requirements in the underwater acoustic sensor networks (UWASNs). In this paper, we proposed a new MAC protocol called adaptive energy reservation MAC (AER-MAC) protocol which exploits the transmission signal strength related to a distance concept in order to make the network transmission schedule. Since, the underwater acoustic communication channels are characterized by a path loss and absorption loss that depend on the distance between the transmitter and receiver. Therefore, a sensor node can send a reservation packet with a power value in which other nodes in the calculation range can receipt this packet.
Humanizing Vox Artificialis (2010)

In this chapter, the authors will discuss the use of speech synthesis as a human communication tool in what is now referred to as Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC). The authors will describe the history and use of speech synthesis in AAC, relevant stakeholders, a framework for evaluating speech synthesis in AAC and relevant research and development with respect to intelligibility, comprehension, social interaction, emotional expressivity and personal identity potential of current implementations of speech synthesis into SGD technologies. Throughout the chapter recommendations will be made for making SGDs more effective and appropriate for social interaction and emotional expression. This chapter will also provide 1st person accounts of relating to SGD use in order to provide a stakeholder perspective.
New algorithms to characterize and classify ophthalmic images (2020)

Unprecedented advances in machine learning have led to a variety of algorithms for the remote evaluation of biomedical images, allowing for cost-effective early detection of diseases. In particular, a lot of efforts are focused on the development of reliable image analysis tools for the early diagnosis of eye diseases. Here we present several new methods for ophthalmic image analysis. We propose a machine learning algorithm for ordering images of the anterior chamber (optical coherence tomography, OCT), which extracts features that discriminate between healthy subjects and patients with angle-closure. We also present an algorithm to detect the OCT images that contain artifacts, and we show that removing these images from the data base improves the performance of the ordering algorithm. Finally, we present algorithms for the analysis of retina fundus images, which are able to segment the vessel network in the retina and extract features from the topological tree-like network structure. We show that these features discriminate between healthy subjects and those with glaucoma or diabetic retinopathy.
Inter turn short-circuit fault research on generator rotor windings (2002)

Based on the fault characteristics, where the exciting current increases and the output reactive power reduces, when an inter turn short-circuit occurs in rotor windings, and considering the saturated situation of generator, a fault characteristic mathematical model of inter turn short-circuits on generator rotor windings is founded. The method is verified by using the practical data.
Gas separation in coal gasification (2006)

This work addresses potential advancements in integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) system, in particular focusing on membranes for gas separation at high temperature. These requirements can be met by metal and ceramic membranes and are reviewed hereinafter. High temperature membrane technology for gas separation is embryonic at this stage. The technology is attracting a large interest by research groups and is currently supported by major funding agencies around the world. Several key areas of interest include novel materials, fabrication process and membrane systems. Novel materials are required to address trace contaminants in dirty syngas processing, in particular the development of palladium alloys to tolerate sulphur. Also water has detrimental effects in many ceramic membranes, and functionalisation of silica surfaces delivers hydrostability. Fabrication processes to reduce film thickness and defects are taking ceramic membrane fluxes to 135 litres (STP) of H 2 per square metre of membrane area per minute, and at 1 atmosphere differential pressure across the membrane, and H2/CO2 selectivity in excess of 50. Palladium membranes show lower fluxes, but H 2/CO2 selectivities are several orders of magnitude higher than that for ceramic membranes. Data on the performance of scale up and long term stability of membrane systems integration in IGCC is still scarce, whilst current costs of over US$ 1,000/m2 of membrane area need to be reduced. From a technological view point, there is no single technology at the moment that can address all the future needs of syngas processing. It is likely that several technologies will address specific functions and requirements for gas separation in coal gasification.
Interactions of polysulfanes with components of red blood cells (2011)

Traditionally, the activity of most polysulfanes has been associated with the redox behaviour of the sulfur-sulfur bond. Here we show that polysulfanes, such as diallyltri- and tetrasulfide, also interact with cellular membranes and certain metalloproteins. Together, multiple interactions with various biological targets may explain best the biological activity of such compounds.
Crystal structures and nitrosation reactions of triazido complexes of chromium(III) (2008)

Two triazido chromium(III) complexes [Cr(tame)(N3)3] · H2O (1) and [Cr(tacn)(N3)3] (2) (tame = 1,1,1-tris(aminomethyl)ethane and tacn = 1,4,7-triazacyclononane) have been prepared and characterized by single-crystal X-ray crystallography at 122 K. The crystal structure of 1 is monoclinic, space group P21/c, with a = 9.2460(9), b = 11.0500(11), c = 13.1980(9) Å, β = 97.244(7)° with four formula units in the cell. The crystal structure of 2 is triclinic, space group , with a = 7.698(4), b = 8.5800(6), c = 10.236(3) Å, α = 89.497(15), β = 83.70(2), γ = 72.83(2)° with two formula units in the cell. The reactions between NOBF4 and 1 or 2 in acetonitrile give [Cr(tame)(NCCH3)3](BF4)3 and [Cr(tacn)(NCCH3)3](BF4)3, respectively.
Impact of System Chemistry on Electroosmosis in Contaminated Soil (1994)

Electroosmosis in a copper‐contaminated kaolinite was highly sensitive to chemical treatment schemes designed to remove the contamination. Non‐uniform profiles of electric field intensity and pH as well as negative pore‐water pressure develop during sustained electrokinetic treatment of clays. These nonlin‐earities and nonuniform pore‐water pressures cannot be adequately described by classical analysis. Classical analysis is based on assumptions of a uniform and constant electroosmotic permeability coefficient, for instance. An extended capillary model which includes nonuniform contributions to electroosmosis and pore pressures that vary with space and time, is developed and compared with experimental findings. Subtle changes in initial and boundary conditions of the system chemistry have a very large effect on electroosmosis in soils. For instance, acid addition at the cathode reservoir may cause reversal of the direction of electroosmotic flow. Other species, such as the citrate, may form stable complexes with copper ions, thus reducing the impact of copper on the zeta potential of the clay. The model is used to simulate these effects.
Multimodal Mouse: A Mouse-Type Device with Tactile and Force Display (1994)

A mouse was modified to add tactile and force display. Tactile feedback, or display, was added via a solenoid driving a small pin protruding through a hole in the mouse button. Force feedback was added via an electromagnet and an iron mouse pad. Both enhancements were embedded in the mouse casing, increasing its weight from 103 to 148 g. In a target selection task experiment, the addition of tactile information feedback reduced target selection times slightly, compared to the no additional feedback condition. A more pronounced effect was observed on the clicking time—the time to selection once the cursor entered the target. In this case, we observed a statistically significant speed-up of about 12% in the presence of tactile feedback. The modified mouse was also used in a test of virtual texture. The amplitude and frequency of solenoid pulses were varied according to the movement of the mouse and the underlying virtual texture. Subjects could reliably discriminate between different textures.
ARQ for network coding (2008)

A new coding and queue management algorithm is proposed for communication networks that employ linear network coding. The algorithm has the feature that the encoding process is truly online, as opposed to a block-by-block approach. The setup assumes a packet erasure broadcast channel with stochastic arrivals and full feedback, but the proposed scheme is potentially applicable to more general lossy networks with link-by-link feedback. The algorithm guarantees that the physical queue size at the sender tracks the backlog in degrees of freedom (also called the virtual queue size). The new notion of a node ldquoseeingrdquo a packet is introduced. In terms of this idea, our algorithm may be viewed as a natural extension of ARQ schemes to coded networks. Our approach, known as the drop-when-seen algorithm, is compared with a baseline queuing approach called drop-when-decoded. It is shown that the expected queue size for our approach is O[(1)/(1-rho)] as opposed to Omega[(1)/(1-rho) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ] for the baseline approach, where rho is the load factor.
Effects of Stacking Sequence on the Mode -I Delamination of Carbon/Epoxy Laminates (2014)

International audience
Human challenge trials to assess the efficacy of currently approved COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants (2021)

Human challenge trials (HCTs) are trials in which volunteers are intentionally challenged with an infectious organism, such as virus, prior to, or post-, vaccination [1].In 1796, physician Edward J...
Chemical modification of sunflower waste cooking oil for biolubricant production through epoxidation reaction (2021)

There are increasing concerns and growing regulations over contamination and environmental pollution. One of the major concerns is the pollution caused by mineral oils. As the world oil reserves are dwindling the pressures for finding alternative replacements are increasing. Vegetable oils are a biodegradable and renewable source of lubricants. Thus, they seem to be attractive candidates for the replacement of mineral oils. In this study, chemical modification of sunflower waste cooking oil through epoxidation reaction was used to improve its physicochemical properties to be used as biolubricant. Then, using the response surface method (RSM), the reaction yield was statistically modeled as a quadratic regression equation and optimal points were obtained for independent variables. The maximum amount of reaction yield was 82.9% and optimum values for independent variables were; 53.7 g of acetic acid, 30.1 g of H2O2, and 4.1 h of reaction time. The obtained optimum epoxide mixture was used as the starting material to produce SWCO triester during three chemical reactions and analyzed with the help of FTIR spectrum analysis. It was found that the physicochemical properties of the final product (SWCO triester) met the requirements of the ISO VG10 standard.
Survival time following hospital discharge in dogs with palliatively treated primary brain tumors (2012)

Dogs with palliatively treated primary brain tumors, particularly those with tumors in the cerebellum, pons, or medulla, had a poor prognosis. However, dogs with supratentorial tumors had survival times > 3 months.
Dependence of Electrical Conductivity of ZnO on Degree of Sintering (1976)

The electrical resistivity of ZnO doped with Al 2 O 3 was measured in air and under reduced pressure (∼0.5 mm Hg) in the range from 30° to 680°C as a function of the degree of sintering. The data obtained were explained in terms of the effects of the microstructure of the sintered body and the chemisorbed oxygen. There are two mechanisms of electrical conduction involved, only one of which is affected by the microstructure.
Increased accumulation of superficial zone protein (SZP) in articular cartilage in response to bone morphogenetic protein‐7 and growth factors (2006)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), such as BMP-7, growth factors, and cytokines, in the accumulation of superficial zone protein (SZP) in bovine articular cartilage. Calf superficial articular cartilage discs and chondrocytes were obtained for explant and monolayer culture systems, respectively. Dose- and time-dependent actions of BMP-7 on SZP accumulation were investigated in both explant and monolayer culture systems. In addition, actions of various morphogens and growth factors [BMP-2, BMP-4, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta1)], and cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1alpha, IL-1beta, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha)] alone, and in combination with BMP-7, on SZP accumulation were investigated in monolayer culture systems. SZP accumulation was quantified in both the cartilage and the medium using SDS-PAGE and subsequent immunoblotting. In both explant and monolayer cultures, BMP-7 increased SZP accumulation in a dose- and time-dependent fashion (p < 0.05). Furthermore, SZP accumulation was significantly increased in monolayer cultures by FGF-2, IGF-1, PDGF, and TGF-beta1 (p < 0.05). Both IL-1alpha and TNF-alpha significantly reduced SZP accumulation (p < 0.05). The inhibition of SZP accumulation by TNF-alpha was partially alleviated by concurrent treatment with BMP-7. The results of this investigation provide novel insights into the role of morphogens, especially BMP-7, growth factors, and cytokines in the accumulation of SZP in articular cartilage. This information has clinical implications because stimulation of SZP may ameliorate the pathology of joint function in arthritis. Furthermore, tissue engineering approaches to articular cartilage may depend on the optimal synthesis and assembly of SZP in the superficial zone to ensure functional tissue architecture.
The use of artificial intelligence technology to predict lymph node spread in men with clinically localized prostate carcinoma (2000)

The results of the current study indicate that a population of prostate carcinoma patients at low risk for lymph node metastases can be identified accurately using a simple decision algorithm that considers preoperative PSA, Gleason sum, and clinical TNM stage. The risk of lymph node metastases in these patients is < or = 1%; therefore, pelvic lymph node dissection may be avoided safely. The implications of these findings in surgical and nonsurgical treatment are significant.
Correction to “Quantitative Impurity Rejection Analysis for Crystallization” (2019)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to "Quantitative Impurity Rejection Analysis for Crystallization"Daniel D. Caspi*Daniel D. CaspiMore by Daniel D. Caspihttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-2275-8504 and Fredrik L. NordstromFredrik L. NordstromMore by Fredrik L. Nordstromhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-8737-466XCite this: Org. Process Res. Dev. 2019, 23, 2, 288Publication Date (Web):February 4, 2019Publication History Published online4 February 2019Published inissue 15 February 2019https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00027https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00027correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2019 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views889Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (215 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Simultaneous SHG and 2PEF imaging using a new type of selective markers (2011)

In general, second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is used to image highly ordered structures in biological samples, like starch, collagen, myosin and tubulin. In an effort to expand the possible targets for SHG microscopy, a number of new fluorescent probes with high performance in SHG imaging were designed and synthesized. The design is based on an electron-rich carbazole template, functionalized with pyridinium-like acceptors, resulting in cyanine-like dyes. In this paper, we report on the linear and nonlinear optical characterization of one of these dyes and its applicability in microscopy using two-photon excited fluorescence (2PEF) and SHG to visualize the specificity of the dyes in HeLa cells.
A Study on Pole-Zero Assignment in Multi-Input Systems Using Position-Type PID Control Laws (2010)

In this paper we study a method for designing a PID controller which can assign pole and zero locations of multi-input systems. The basic idea of our synthesis is to draw a PID control law from the state-space method which can assign pole-zero locations. We propose a state feedback control law in a part of input channels to solve the zero assignment problem. This loop is so designed as to preserve the controllability of the closed loop system. With the help of the controllability, we can deal with the pole assignment problem by means of another state feedback control law in the remaining input channels. Numerical example illustrates the effectiveness of the results.
Surface Segregation in Blends of Polystyrene and Perfluorohexane Double End Capped Polystyrene Studied by Static SIMS, ISS, and XPS (1996)

The surface composition of styrene polymers capped at one or both ends by perfluoro groups has been determined by ISS, XPS, and static SIMS. The homopolymers, with Mn 29 000−59 000, have an excess of the perfluoro end groups at the surface that is inversely proportional to the chain length and is commensurate with one or both ends having perfluoro groups. In contrast, double perfluoro end capped homopolymers of Mn ∼9000 have only one of the perfluoro groups at the surface. In blends of perfluoro end capped styrene with hydrogen-terminated styrene, the fluorinated end cap causes the former to segregate to the surface. Nevertheless, the extents of segment segregation of single and double perfluoro end capped polymers of weights 29 000−59 000 are similar. For blends of perfluoro-capped polymer with Mn 9000 in styrene of Mn 30 000, the molecular weight and perfluoro end caps both strongly influence the segment segregation. The concentration of fluorine at the surface of all the blends may be estimated from the homopolymer XPS data and the blend monomer composition determined by static SIMS.
Reachability matrix-based path computation using matrix self-multiplication (2013)

We present a novel all-optical reachability matrix-based path computation procedure that calculates end-to-end reachable paths with either minimum or specified number of regenerators using simple matrix multiplications, as well as satisfying constraints such as latency/cost. We demonstrate practical computation times for real-world networks.