gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radiological changes, infections and neurological complications after reverse shoulder arthroplasty related to different design types and their rates: Part II (2021)

Early reported complication rates with the Grammont-type reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) were very high, up to 24%.A 'problem' is defined as an intraoperative or postoperative event that is not likely to affect the patient's final outcome, such as intraoperative cement extravasation and radiographic changes. A 'complication' is defined as an intraoperative or postoperative event that is likely to affect the patient's final outcome, including infection, neurologic injury and intrathoracic central glenoid screw placement.Radiographic changes around the glenoid or humeral components of the RSA are very frequently observed and described in the literature.High complication rates related to the Grammont RSA design led to development of non-Grammont designs which led to a dramatic fall in the majority of complications.The percentage of radiological changes after RSA is not negligible and remains unsolved, despite a decrease in its occurrence in the last decade. However, such changes should be now considered as simple problems because they rarely have a negative influence on the patient's final outcome, and their prevalence has dramatically decreased.With further changes in indications and designs for RSA, it is crucial to accurately track the rates and types of complications to justify its new designs and increased indications. Cite this article: <i>EFORT Open Rev</i> 2021;6:1109-1121. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210040.
Circulating Cytokines Predict the Development of Insulin Resistance in a Prospective Finnish Population Cohort (2016)

The systemic levels of the T helper 1 cell cytokine IL-18 and the T helper 17 cell cytokine IL-17 thus may have value in predicting future insulin sensitivity in women independently of classical IR risk factors.
P3‐340: Molecular basis of cognitive improvement of pioglitazone and rosiglitazone (2010)

Brain glucose uptake and metabolism are impaired in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and this impairment appears to contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. Insulin sensitizers, which are widely used for increasing insulin sensitivity and glucose utilization in diabetes, have shown some improvement in memory in AD mouse models and in AD clinical trials in AD patients. The present study was aimed to understand the possible molecular mechanisms by which two of these insulin sensitizers, pioglitazone and rosiglitazone, might cause the improvement. Ten-month-old female 3xTg-AD mice and the wild type controls were orally administered with pioglitazone (20 mg/kg body weight/day) and rosiglitazone (5 mg /kg body weight/day) for four months. Spatial memory was tested by using Morris water maze before and after the treatments. At the end of treatments and behavioral tests, the mice were sacrificed and the brain tissue was analyzed both by Western blots and immunohistochemistry for the insulin-PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, phosphorylation and deposition of tau, Aβ accumulation, and glial activation. We observed that four-month treatments of 3xTg-AD mice with pioglitazone or rosiglitazone attenuated the deficits in spatial reference memory of the 3xTg-AD mice. These drug treatments also resulted in activation of protein kinase B (AKT) and inhibition of GSK-3β in the brain, suggesting activation of the insulin-PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. At the same time, hyperphosphorylation of tau at several sites, including Ser202, Thr217, Thr231, Ser404 and Ser422, Aβ accumulation, and astrocyte over-activation were found to be attenuated in the drug-treated mice. Our results suggest that pioglitazone and rosiglitazone probably improve the memory deficits through several pathways, including elevation of insulin-PI3K-AKT signaling and attenuation of tau hyperphosphorylation, Aβ accumulation, and inhibition of astrocyte over-activation. These findings suggest the potential usefulness of glitazones in the treatment for AD.
Polarized Memory Effect Observed on Se-SnO2 System (1972)

The polarized memory effect (the memory in which switching between ON and OFF states depends on the polarity of the bias voltage) on the Se-SnO 2 system is described. This effect is observed on the samples with Se films 300∼5000 Å in thickness. The ratio of the resistance of OFF state R O F F to that of ON state R O N is about three orders of magnitude. In the case of the film with thickness 10 3 Å, the threshold voltage from OFF to ON states V t h is 15 V, and the reverse voltage from ON to OFF states V r is 3.5 V.
Low-power architecture for CIL-code hardware processor (2008)

In the article the authors present the architecture of a hardware CIL processor, which is capable to execute CIL instructions as native code. The CIL hardware engine is implemented on the top of the low-power DSP architecture, and the CIL processor has two execution cores: DSP and CIL. Such solution allows to execute both CIL and DSP instruction sets as native instructions sets and gain performance in common multimedia tasks. Therefore, the DSP-based CIL processor may be targeted for multimedia digital home and even embedded applications. The research was sponsored by RFP 2 Microsoft Corp. grant.
Structure and nonlinear optical properties of PbO-Bi2O3-B2O3 glasses (1997)

The third order nonlinear optical susceptibilities X (3) of PbO-Bi 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 glasses have been measured by the third harmonic generation (THG) method The borate network structure in the present glass system has also been investigated by using Raman and 11 B MAS NMR spectroscopies. The coordination state and the bond character of Pb 2+ and Bi 3+ ions are discussed on the basis of low wavenumber Raman spectra. The largest X (3) obtained was 1.5x10 -2 esu for 70PbO.15Bi 2 O 3 .15B 2 O 3 ternary glass which is about 50 times larger than that of silica glass. Bismuth borate glasses show larger X (3) value than lead borate glasses in the whole composition range. The higher X (3) of bismuth borate glasses is mainly attributed to the smaller optical band gap (E g ) compared to that of lead borate system. The relationship between bond character of M-O(M=Pb and Bi) and nonlinearity was discussed. It was found that the modified Lines' linear relationship between X (3) and (n ω 2 +2) 3 (n ω 2 -1)E d /E 0 2 is adopted well for these heavy metal oxide glasses.
An Efficient Method for the Minimum Description Length Evaluation of Deterministic Cognitive Models (2004)

The ability to evaluate competing models against noisy data is central to progress in cognitive science. In general, this requires advanced model selection criteria, such as the Minimum Description Length (MDL) criterion, that balance goodness-of-fit with model complexity. One limiting property of many of these criteria, however, is that they cannot readily be applied to deterministic models. A solution to this problem, developed by Grünwald (1999), involves a process called ‘entropification ’ that associates deterministic models with probability distributions, and allows MDL criteria to be calculated. However, a potential practical difficulty with this approach is that it requires a multidimensional summation over the data space that can be prohibitively computationally expensive in realistic situations. This paper derives a simpler version of the MDL criterion for deterministic models in the important special case of 0-1 loss functions that is computationally feasible. Two concrete applications of the simpler MDL criterion are presented, demonstrating its ability to consider model fit and complexity in selecting between competing models of cognitive processes. The first application involves three different heuristics for a problem solving task, while the second involves three different models of forced-choice decision making.
ICSI for non-male factor infertility: time to reappraise IVF? (2023)

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was initially introduced to overcome problems due of severe male factor infertility not being solved with conventional in-vitro fertilization (cIVF). However, recent years have witnessed an increasing use of ICSI by most assisted reproductive technique laboratories for non-male factor indications. Examples of the latter include previous fertilization failure after cIVF, few or poor-quality oocytes, immature oocytes, advanced maternal age, preimplantation genetics test (PGT), cryopreserved oocytes, and unexplained infertility. The replacement of cIVF with ICSI in several non-male factor infertility cases is probably because some reproductive specialists consider that ICSI is associated with better reproductive outcomes. Unfortunately, data on reproductive outcomes in favor of ICSI over cIVF are limited or absent. Therefore, the factors that can help define the use of one technique over the other should be identified. These should include the likelihood of fertilization failure, potential risks of the procedure, and its costs. In this review, we aim to highlight the current guidelines, advantages, and limitations of the use of cIVF/ICSI for infertility treatment. Additionally, we provide a comprehensive review of the use of ICSI in indications other than severe male factor infertility.
Signal integration by the CYP1A1 promoter -- a quantitative study (2015)

Genes involved in detoxification of foreign compounds exhibit complex spatiotemporal expression patterns in liver. Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), for example, is restricted to the pericentral region of liver lobules in response to the interplay between aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. However, the mechanisms by which the two pathways orchestrate gene expression are still poorly understood. With the help of 29 mutant constructs of the human CYP1A1 promoter and a mathematical model that combines Wnt/β-catenin and AhR signaling with the statistical mechanics of the promoter, we systematically quantified the regulatory influence of different transcription factor binding sites on gene induction within the promoter. The model unveils how different binding sites cooperate and how they establish the promoter logic; it quantitatively predicts two-dimensional stimulus-response curves. Furthermore, it shows that crosstalk between Wnt/β-catenin and AhR signaling is crucial to understand the complex zonated expression patterns found in liver lobules. This study exemplifies how statistical mechanical modeling together with combinatorial reporter assays has the capacity to disentangle the promoter logic that establishes physiological gene expression patterns.
Asymmetric Aziridination: A New Entry to Optically Active Non‐N‐protected Aziridines. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Inhibitory effects of the platelet-activating factor receptor antagonists, CV-3988 and Ginkgolide B, on alkali burn-induced corneal neovascularization (2014)

CV-3988 and Ginkgolide B reversed opacity and neovascularization in alkali burn-induced corneas. Our findings suggest that CV-3988 and Ginkgolide B may be therapeutically useful in the treatment of CNV and inflammation.
Role of mechanoactivation in preparation of mineral filler pigment from titanite (2010)

Surface properties of the titanite particles were examined in relation to the grinding procedure employed.
Control of the Critical Angle of Reflection in an Optical Current Sensor (1997)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text G. A. Woolsey, N. E. Fisher, and D. A. Jackson, "Control of the Critical Angle of Reflection in an Optical Current Sensor," in 12th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, Vol. 16 of 1997 OSA Technical Digest Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1997), paper OWC24. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Frozen Mode in an Asymmetric Serpentine Optical Waveguide (2022)

The existence of a frozen mode in a periodic serpentine waveguide with broken longitudinal symmetry is demonstrated numerically. The frozen mode is associated with a stationary inflection point (SIP) of the Bloch dispersion relation, where three Bloch eigenmodes collapse on each other, as it is an exceptional point of order three. The frozen mode regime is characterized by vanishing group velocity and enhanced field amplitude, which can be very attractive in various applications including dispersion engineering, lasers, and delay lines. Useful and simple design equations that lead to realization of the frozen mode by adjusting a few parameters are derived. The trend in group delay and quality factor with waveguide length that is peculiar of the frozen mode is shown. The symmetry conditions for the existence of exceptional points of degeneracy associated with the frozen mode are also discussed.
51.1: Novel Simultaneous Emission Driving Scheme for Crosstalk‐free 3D AMOLED TV (2010)

Abstract A novel driving scheme based on simultaneous emission is reported for 2D/3D AMOLED TVs. The new method reduces left‐right crosstalk without sacrificing luminance. The new scheme greatly simplifies the pixel circuit as the number of transistors for V th compensation is reduced from 6 to 3. The capacitive load of scan lines is reduced by 48%, enabling very high refresh rate (240 Hz).
Stimulation of a High-Temperature Granitic Reservoir at the Utah FORGE Site (2023)

Abstract Utah FORGE (Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy) is a field laboratory for developing, testing, and prototyping technologies that could be adopted for commercializing Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). The principle of developing an EGS is to use multiple hydraulic fracturing stages to interconnect an injection well and a production well – forming the surface area within a large heat exchange system. At the Utah FORGE site, near Milford, Utah, an injection well (65° to the vertical) has been drilled and a three-stage fracturing treatment was carried out at the toe of this well. A production well will be drilled into the stimulated domain determined from microseismic measurements. The objectives of the treatments were to establish if the created fracture networks will form independent flow networks between the injector and the producer, and ultimately to test long-term connectivity between the two wells. In addition, the mechanics of isolating stages and developing fracturing fluid viscosity in a naturally fractured granitic reservoir at 435°F [224°C] were evaluated. Three stages were pumped. Geophones in three offset wells and shallow distributed acoustic sensors (DAS) and surface monitoring devices tracked the fracture evolution. The first stage was slickwater in a barefoot section, pumped at rates up to 50 bpm [7.95 m3/min]. Bridge plugs were used in 7-inch [177.8 mm] casing to isolate the next two stages, which each used a single long perforation cluster (20 ft [6.096 m] long, with six shots per ft at 60° phasing for each of the latter two stages). The second stage was slickwater pumped at rates up to 35 bpm [5.56 m3/min]. The final stage was crosslinked carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl guar (CMHPG) polymer fluid pumped at rates up to 35 bpm [5.56 m3/min] with low concentrations of microproppant. The well was flowed back between each stage to mitigate the potential for stage interference, facilitate running bridge plugs, and reduce the possibility of undesirable microseismicity. Isolation technology had been a significant concern before the treatment. However, bridge plugs successfully functioned at these high temperatures – isolating stages 1 and 2 and stages 2 and 3. Treatment records show a significant morphological difference between pumping in the openhole section (stage 1), and in the two cased and perforated zones (stages 2 and 3). Microseismic data suggest nominally planar growth orthogonal to the wellbore for the two cased and perforated zones – favoring intersection with the soon-to-be-drilled production well. These treatments superficially seem mundane. However, they successfully demonstrated the viability of hydraulic fracture creation in a cased well in hot, low permeability granitic rocks, a prerequisite for EGS development, revealed conditions for limited natural fracture interaction, and this was one of the few high-temperature granitic stimulation treatment programs since Fenton Hill in the 1980s.
Top 200 Pharmawirkstoffe (2014)

Abstract Für das Jahr 2013 gibt es ein neues Poster mit den 200 umsatzstärksten Pharmawirkstoffen. Ihre Reihenfolge unterscheidet sich von der im Jahr 2011, Diabetes‐Medikamente nehmen zu.
Economic analysis of bioprocess to produce ethanol from corn stover (1983)

Lignocellulosic residues, such as corn stover, can be converted into ethanol and other chemicals by acid hydrolysis and fermentation. A process has been developed at the University of Arkansas utilizing concentrated acid in two stages to sequentially convert hemicellulose and cellulose to xylose and glucose while avoiding degradation to toxic intermediates that would interfere with subsequent fermentation. Preliminary design and economics have been prepared for this process to produce 20 million gallons of ethanol per year from corn stover. This paper analyzes these economics to determine areas where improvements would have the greatest impact. The use of acid recycle and high solids concentration increases the sugar concentration sixfold. Combined with continuous fermentation, these process changes reduce the capital and energy cost of this process by over 50%. Under these conditions, the profitability is tripled with a resultant return on investment of 40%. 10 references, 6 figures, 6 tables.
Metal-encapsulated organolead halide perovskite photocathode for solar-driven hydrogen evolution in water (2016)

Lead-halide perovskites have triggered the latest breakthrough in photovoltaic technology. Despite the great promise shown by these materials, their instability towards water even in the presence of low amounts of moisture makes them, a priori, unsuitable for their direct use as light harvesters in aqueous solution for the production of hydrogen through water splitting. Here, we present a simple method that enables their use in photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen evolution while immersed in an aqueous solution. Field's metal, a fusible InBiSn alloy, is used to efficiently protect the perovskite from water while simultaneously allowing the photogenerated electrons to reach a Pt hydrogen evolution catalyst. A record photocurrent density of -9.8 mA cm(-2) at 0 V versus RHE with an onset potential as positive as 0.95±0.03 V versus RHE is obtained. The photoelectrodes show remarkable stability retaining more than 80% of their initial photocurrent for ∼1 h under continuous illumination.
Upgrading of Biomass Monosaccharides by Immobilized Glucose Dehydrogenase and Xylose Dehydrogenase (2018)

Abstract Direct upgrading and separation of the monosaccharides from biomass liquors is an overlooked area. In this work we demonstrate enzymatic production of gluconic acid and xylonic acid from glucose and xylose present in pretreated birchwood liquor by glucose dehydrogenase (GDH, EC 1.1.1.47) and xylose dehydrogenase (XDH, EC 1.1.1.175), respectively. The biocatalytic conversions were compared using two different kinds of silica support materials (silica nanoparticles (nanoSiO 2 ) and porous silica particles with hexagonal pores (SBA 15 silica) for enzyme immobilization. Upon immobilization, both enzymes showed significant improvement in their thermal stability and robustness at alkaline pH and exhibited over 50 % activity even at pH 10 and 60 °C on both immobilization matrices. When compared to free enzymes at 45 °C, GDH immobilized on nanoSiO 2 and SBA silica displayed a 4.5 and 7.25 fold increase in half‐life, respectively, whilst XDH immobilized on nanoSiO 2 and SBA showed a 4.7 and 9.5 fold improvement in half‐life, respectively. Additionally, after five reaction cycles both nanoSiO 2 GDH and nanoSiO 2 XDH retained more than 40 % activity and GDH and XDH immobilized on SBA silica maintained around 50 % of their initial activity resulting in about 1.5–1.6 fold increase in biocatalytic productivity compared to the free enzymes.
Talk-to-Edit: Fine-Grained Facial Editing via Dialog (2021)

Facial editing is an important task in vision and graphics with numerous applications. However, existing works are incapable to deliver a continuous and fine-grained editing mode (e.g., editing a slightly smiling face to a big laughing one) with natural interactions with users. In this work, we propose Talk-to-Edit, an interactive facial editing framework that performs fine-grained attribute manipulation through dialog between the user and the system. Our key insight is to model a continual "semantic field" in the GAN latent space. 1) Unlike previous works that regard the editing as traversing straight lines in the latent space, here the fine-grained editing is formulated as finding a curving trajectory that respects fine-grained attribute landscape on the semantic field. 2) The curvature at each step is location-specific and determined by the input image as well as the users’ language requests. 3) To engage the users in a meaningful dialog, our system generates language feedback by considering both the user request and the current state of the semantic field.We also contribute CelebA-Dialog, a visual-language facial editing dataset to facilitate large-scale study. Specifically, each image has manually annotated fine-grained attribute annotations as well as template-based textual descriptions in natural language. Extensive quantitative and qualitative experiments demonstrate the superiority of our framework in terms of 1) the smoothness of fine-grained editing, 2) the identity/attribute preservation, and 3) the visual photorealism and dialog fluency. Notably, user study validates that our overall system is consistently favored by around 80% of the participants. Our project page is https://www.mmlab-ntu.com/project/talkedit/.
An 8 GeV linac as the Booster replacement in the Fermilab Power Upgrade (2023)

Abstract Increasing the Main Injector beam power above ∼ 1.2 MW requires replacement of the 8 GeV Booster by a higher intensity alternative. In this paper, we consider an 8 GeV linac Booster replacement that produces 8 GeV H - beam for injection into the Recycler Ring or Main Injector. This upgrade will maximize the beam available for neutrino production for the long baseline DUNE experiment to greater than 2.5 MW and enable a next generation of intensity frontier experiments. The 8 GeV linac takes ∼ 1 GeV beam from the PIP-II Linac and accelerates it to ∼ 2 GeV in a 650 MHz superconducting RF linac, followed by a ∼ 2 to 8 GeV pulsed linac using 1300 MHz cryomodules. The linac components incorporate recent improvements in superconducting RF technology. The linac configuration and beam dynamics requirements are presented. Injection options are discussed, including use of an 8 GeV Accumulator Ring. Foil-based injection is the present standard but R&amp;D toward implementing laser-assisted injection could enable a significant improvement. Research needed to implement the Booster replacement is described.