gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional and posttranscriptional control of c-myc gene expression in WEHI 231 cells. (1986)

Incubation of WEHI 231 cells, derived from a murine B-cell lymphoma, with antisera directed against its surface immunoglobulin results in the inhibition of growth within 24 h. Previously, we demonstrated that this treatment selectively affects cytoplasmic levels of c-myc mRNA (J. E. McCormack, V. H. Pepe, R. B. Kent, M. Dean, A. Marshak-Rothstein, and G. E. Sonenshein, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:5546-5550, 1984). An initial increase in the cytoplasmic mRNA level is followed by a precipitous drop. We now show that the early increase results from a dramatic increase in the rate of c-myc gene transcription, as well as from partial stabilization of the mRNA in the cytoplasm. The later decrease results from a shutdown in transcription of the c-myc gene and a return to the normal lability of the cytoplasmic c-myc mRNA. Treatment with phorbol ester, like treatment with anti-immunoglobulin sera, inhibited WEHI 231 cell growth and caused similar changes in cytoplasmic c-myc mRNA levels, which can also be related to alterations in c-myc gene transcription. These results indicate that the control of c-myc gene expression in B cells is effected through regulation at multiple levels.
Energy partitioning and impulse dispersion in the decorated, tapered, strongly nonlinear granular alignment: A system with many potential applications (2009)

Rapid absorption of impulses using light-weight, small, reusable systems is a challenging problem. An axially aligned set of progressively shrinking elastic spheres, a “tapered chain,” has been shown to be a versatile and scalable shock absorber in earlier simulational, theoretical, and experimental works by several authors. We have recently shown (see R. L. Doney and S. Sen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 155502 (2006)) that the shock absorption ability of a tapered chain can be dramatically enhanced by placing small interstitial grains between the regular grains in the tapered chain systems. Here we focus on a detailed study of the problem introduced in the above mentioned letter, present extensive dynamical simulations using parameters for a titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy Ti6Al4V, derive attendant hard-sphere analyses based formulae to describe energy dispersion, and finally discuss some preliminary experimental results using systems with chrome spheres and small Nitinol interstitial grains to present the underlying nonlinear dynamics of this so-called decorated tapered granular alignment. We are specifically interested in small systems, comprised of several grains. This is because in real applications, mass and volume occupied must inevitably be minimized. Our conclusion is that the decorated tapered chain offers enhanced energy dispersion by locking in much of the input energy in the grains of the tapered chain rather than in the small interstitial grains. Thus, the present study offers insights into how the shock absorption capabilities of these systems can be pushed even further by improving energy absorption capabilities of the larger grains in the tapered chains. We envision that these scalable, decorated tapered chains may be used as shock absorbing components in body armor, armored vehicles, building applications and in perhaps even in applications in rehabilitation science.
Death in Embryonic Systems (1966)

The principal conclusion to be drawn from the foregoing discussion is that the death of cells and the destruction of tissues, organs, and organ systems are programmed as normal morphogenetic events in the development of multicellular organisms. Death in embryonic systems may thus be explored within the same conceptual framework as growth and differentiation. The present exploration has revealed that death during embryogenesis serves utilitarian goals in some instances, at least, that its occurrence is subject to control by factors of the immediate cellular and humoral environment, and that aberrations in its normal pattern of expression provide the mechanism for realization of many mutant phenotypes. Hopefully, it has also pointed toward the appropriate formulation of some of the problems that confront us in understanding the control of death at the level of genetic transcription, the biochemical events which determine and accompany its occurrence, and the pathways of disposition and the developmental significance of disassembled cellular building blocks.
Subcutaneous emphysema related to air‐powder tooth polishing: a report of three cases (2017)

Subcutaneous emphysema is a rare complication of dental procedures and can occasionally give rise to potentially life-threatening complications. We describe three cases of subcutaneous emphysema diagnosed in the same dental clinic. All cases occurred during tooth or implant cleaning using air polishing (KavoProphyflex<sup>®</sup> ) with a sodium bicarbonate powder (Air-N-Go Classic<sup>®</sup> ). The diagnosis was based on clinical findings and was confirmed radiologically. The cervical and facial regions were affected in all three cases, and spread to the mediastinum occurred in one case. All the episodes resolved within 3-5 days. Tooth cleaning using air polishing combined with an abrasive powder is a risk factor for subcutaneous emphysema, especially when the powder and device are from different manufacturers. Radiological assessment must be performed to rule out involvement of deep tissue planes.
Development of a Multi-Layer Guided Wave Inspection Technique (2001)

This study investigates the inspection of a particular layer of a multi-layer structure using ultrasonic guided waves. Techniques based on Lamb waves have been developed for the inspection of plate structures and are well understood. Guided waves also exist in multi-layered plates as well. Energy distributions vary across the thickness of a multi-layer structure depending on the mode and frequency. Hence, a potential way to inspect the bottom layer of a structure is to find modes with sufficient energy in the bottom layer.
Time resolved sub-cellular singlet oxygen detection – ensemble measurementsversussingle cell experiments (2012)

Systematic in vitro studies on singlet oxygen luminescence kinetics have been carried out reconciling recently published contradictory results reported for sub-cellular singlet oxygen kinetics obtained with two different approaches: single cell - and cell ensemble measurements.
Observation of oscillations in a TWT with poor-quality electron beam (2016)

This paper presents observation of oscillations in TWT simulations at a frequency close to the band edge frequency when the electron beam is not well-focused and well-aligned. The cause of the oscillations is suggested to be backward-wave oscillations.
DNA Fingerprinting of Italian Grape Varieties : A Test of Reliability in RAPDs. (1995)

Random Ampliefied Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting is shown to be a useful system for identifying varieties of Italian grape varieties. Replicate accessions give the same fingerprints, indicating that contaminants on leaf surfaces do not lead to errors. Three 10 base random primers Operon A-03, A-05, and A07 were particularly useful and each was usually capable of identifying all varieties sampled.
Translational cardiac stem cell therapy: advancing from first-generation to next-generation cell types (2017)

Acute myocardial infarction and chronic heart failure rank among the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Except for heart transplantation, current therapy options only treat the symptoms but do not cure the disease. Stem cell-based therapies represent a possible paradigm shift for cardiac repair. However, most of the first-generation approaches displayed heterogeneous clinical outcomes regarding efficacy. Stemming from the desire to closely match the target organ, second-generation cell types were introduced and rapidly moved from bench to bedside. Unfortunately, debates remain around the benefit of stem cell therapy, optimal trial design parameters, and the ideal cell type. Aiming at highlighting controversies, this article provides a critical overview of the translation of first-generation and second-generation cell types. It further emphasizes the importance of understanding the mechanisms of cardiac repair and the lessons learned from first-generation trials, in order to improve cell-based therapies and to potentially finally implement cell-free therapies.
Sum-rate maximization for wireless seismic data acquisition systems (2018)

In this paper we consider the problem of maximizing the information theoretic sum-rate in a wireless geo-seismic acquisition system. Successive interference cancellation decoding is assumed at the gateway nodes, and Shannon capacity bounds are used to search for the optimal set of geophones to be decoded at each gateway. These optimization algorithms are simulated and compared, where it is shown that the ant system achieves the highest sum-rate compared to other algorithms. Presentation Date: Tuesday, October 16, 2018 Start Time: 9:20:00 AM Location: Poster Station 11 Presentation Type: Poster
An important side reaction using the thiol, 3,6-dioxa-1,8-octanedithiol (DODT), in 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-based solid phase peptide synthesis (2013)

A considerable quantity of an alkylation by-product is observed when using 3,6-dioxa-1,8-octanedithiol as a scavenger during acidic release of peptides containing the thioether amino acid methionine from the solid support. Adjustment of the cleavage conditions by replacement of 3,6-dioxa-1,8-octanedithiol with ethane dithiol or by using methionine sulfoxide as an alternative to methionine resulted in no such impurity. The by-product was detectable by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry and characterised by NMR spectroscopy of an isolated model peptide. It could be effectively removed in a separate post cleavage step by treatment with dilute aqueous acid at 37 °C.
The santalene synthase from Cinnamomum camphora: Reconstruction of a sesquiterpene synthase from a monoterpene synthase (2020)

Plant terpene synthases (TPSs) can mediate formation of a large variety of terpenes, and their diversification contributes to the specific chemical profiles of different plant species and chemotypes. Plant genomes often encode a number of related terpene synthases, which can produce very different terpenes. The relationship between TPS sequence and resulting terpene product is not completely understood. In this work we describe two TPSs from the Camphor tree Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl. One of these, CiCaMS, acts as a monoterpene synthase (monoTPS), and mediates the production of myrcene, while the other, CiCaSSy, acts as a sesquiterpene synthase (sesquiTPS), and catalyses the production of α-santalene, β-santalene and trans-α-bergamotene. Interestingly, these enzymes share 97% DNA sequence identity and differ only in 22 amino acid residues out of 553. To understand which residues are essential for the catalysis of monoterpenes resp. sesquiterpenes, a number of hybrid synthases were prepared, and supplemented by a set of single-residue variants. These were tested for their ability to produce monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes by in vivo production of sesquiterpenes in E. coli, and by in vitro enzyme assays. This analysis pinpointed three residues in the sequence which could mediate the change in product specificity from a monoterpene synthase to a sesquiterpene synthase. Another set of three residues defined the sesquiterpene product profile, including the ratios between sesquiterpene products.
Simulation Study of High Frequency Chopping Motor Speed Control by Static Slip Power Recovery (2006)

In order to study the performance index and analyze the design scheme of high frequency chopping cascade control system,a simulation model of this system is built,using Power System Blockset(PSB) and Simulink of MATLAB.The principle of speed control by static slip power recovery is presented,and the simulation result is given.The simulation result is compared with the real measured value in this paper.This model is simple and convenient.The result of the simulation is practical and reasonable.The design work can be much reduced using the simulation technology.
Sir William Rowan Hamilton (2013)

Mathématicien, physicien et astronome, William Rowan Hamilton est une figure emblématique du génie irlandais. Il est particulièrement connu pour sa découverte des quaternions et ses recherches sur les opérateurs linéaires. Par ailleurs, ses travaux en dynamique se révéleront décisifs pour le développement de la théorie classique des champs, ainsi que pour l’essor de la mécanique quantique près d’un siècle après sa mort.
A Monomeric 3 10 -Helix Is Formed in Water by a 13-Residue Peptide Representing the Neutralizing Determinant of HIV-1 on gp41 , (2002)

The peptide gp41(659-671) (ELLELDKWASLWN) comprises the entire epitope for one of the three known antibodies capable of neutralizing a broad spectrum of primary HIV-1 isolates and is the only such epitope that is sequential. Here we present the NMR structure of gp41(659-671) in water. This peptide forms a monomeric 3(10)-helix stabilized by i,i+3 side chain-side chain interactions favored by its primary sequence. In this conformation the peptide presents an exposed surface, which is mostly hydrophobic and consists of conserved HIV-1 residues. The presence of the 3(10)-helix is confirmed by its characteristic CD pattern. Studies of the 3(10)-helix have been hampered by the absence of a model peptide adopting this conformation. gp41(659-671) can serve as such a model to investigate the spectral characteristics of the 3(10)-helix, the factors that influence its stability, and the propensity of different amino acids to form a 3(10)-helix. The observation that the 3(10)-helical conformation is highly populated in the peptide gp41(659-671) indicates that the corresponding segment in the cognate protein is an autonomous folding unit. As such, it is very likely that the helical conformation is maintained in gp41 throughout the different tertiary structures of the envelope protein that form during the process of viral fusion. However, the exposure of the gp41(659-671) segment may vary, leading to changes in the reactivity of anti-gp41 antibodies in the different stages of viral fusion. Since gp41(659-671) is an autonomous folding unit, peptide immunogens consisting of the complete gp41(659-671) sequence are likely to induce antibodies highly cross-reactive with HIV-1.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Supplementary-Fired Gas Turbine Cycles (2003)

This paper presents an analysis of the possibilities for improving the efficiency of an indi-rectly biomass-fired gas turbine (IBFGT) by supplementary direct gas-firing. The supplementary firing may be based on natural gas, biogas or pyrolysis gas. Intuitively, supplementary firing is expected to result in a high marginal efficiency. The paper shows that depending on the application, this is not always the case. The interest in this cycle arises from a recent demonstration of the feasibility of a two-stage gasification process through construction of several plants. The gas from this process could be divided into two streams, one for primary and one for supplementary firing. A preliminary analysis of the ideal, recuperated Brayton cycle shows that for this cycle any supplementary firing will have a marginal efficiency of unity per extra unit of fuel. The same result is obtained for the indirectly fired gas turbine (IFGT) and for the supplementary-fired IFGT. These results show that the combination of external firing and internal firing have the potential of reducing or solving some problems associated with the use of biomass both in the recuperated and the indirectly fired gas turbine: The former requires a clean, expensive fuel. The latter is limited in efficiency due to limitations in material temperature of the heat exchanger. Thus, in the case of an IBFGT, it would appear be very appropriate to use a cheap biomass or waste fuel for low temperature combustion and external firing and use natural gas at a high marginal efficiency for high temperature heating. However, it is shown that this is not the case for a simple IBFGT supplementary-fired with natural gas. The marginal efficiency of the natural gas is in this case found to be independent of temperature ratio and lower than for the recuperated gas turbine. Instead, other process changes may be considered in order to obtain a high marginal efficiency on natural gas. Two possibilities are discussed: Integration between an IFGT and pyrolysis of the biofuel which will result in a highly efficient utilization of the biomass, and integration between external biomass firing, and combined internal biomass and natural gas firing.
The Pressor Effect of Sodium-Volume Expansion Is Calcium Mediated (1991)

To investigate the calcium dependence of salt-induced hypertension we concurrently measured blood pressure and serum ionized calcium in conscious normotensive female dogs undergoing five infusions: 1) sodium chloride (0.9%) 2) calcium chloride (10 mg/kg), 3) combined sodium chloride and calcium chloride, 4) nicardipine (1 micrograms/kg/min), and 5) combined sodium chloride and calcium chloride in the presence of nicardipine. While saline and calcium chloride infusions individually did not affect blood pressure, saline combined with calcium chloride significantly and consistently raised mean arterial pressure (MAP) (delta MAP = 7 +/- 2 mm Hg, P less than .001 v baseline). Serum ionized calcium (Caio) levels increased within the normal range with the infusion of calcium alone (1.32 +/- 0.03 to 1.48 +/- 0.01 mmol/L, P less than .005). Extracellular Caio rose less with the combined NaCl-CaCl2 infusion (delta Caio 0.10 +/- 0.01 v 0.16 +/- 0.02 mmol/L, P less than .02). The difference in calcium elevations could not be attributed to volume expansion alone, since saline infusion itself did not affect serum ionized calcium (1.32 +/- 0.3 to 1.31 +/- 0.01 mmol/L, P = NS). Furthermore, nicardipine prevented the pressor effect of the combined saline-calcium infusion. (delta MAP = -2 +/- 3 v 7 +/- 2 mm Hg, P less than .001), and restored the rise in extracellular Caio to that seen with the nonpressor calcium infusion (delta Caio 0.15 +/- 0.01 mmol/L v 0.16 +/- 0.02 mmol/L, P = NS). Altogether, these data demonstrate that the rise in blood pressure and ionized calcium following an acute infusion of sodium and calcium chloride are interdependent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Microwave modulation of exciton emission in molecular controlled semiconductor resistor (2001)

A GaAs/AlGaAs structure coated with molecules was investigated utilizing microwave modulated photoluminescence (MMPL) spectroscopy. This method enabled to resolve the photoluminescence (PL) band into localized and de-localized excitons. The results indicated a limited in-plan mobility of the excitons, due to electrostatic fluctuations or band bending induced by the adsorbed molecules. The reduction of exciton mobility is correlated with the reduction in the photocurrent observed in former studies. The present study provides an insight into the mechanism which couples molecules with a semiconductor structure and explains its operation as a molecular controlled semiconductor resistor (MOCSER), found to be a sensitive actuator in sensor applications.
Handling Occlusions with Franken-Classifiers (2013)

Detecting partially occluded pedestrians is challenging. A common practice to maximize detection quality is to train a set of occlusion-specific classifiers, each for a certain amount and type of occlusion. Since training classifiers is expensive, only a handful are typically trained. We show that by using many occlusion-specific classifiers, we outperform previous approaches on three pedestrian datasets, INRIA, ETH, and Caltech USA. We present a new approach to train such classifiers. By reusing computations among different training stages, 16 occlusion-specific classifiers can be trained at only one tenth the cost of one full training. We show that also test time cost grows sub-linearly.
GRI-00-0230-R01 Periodic Re-Verification Intervals for High-Consequence Areas (2001)

Factors controlling threats to gas-transmission pipeline integrity were evaluated to determine the frequency at which pipeline condition must be re-verified to ensure safe operation in high-consequence areas.
Xylitol Production by a Corynebacterium Species (1973)

The washed cells of a gluconate-utilizing Corynebacterium strain grown in a gluconate- xylose medium produced xylitol from D-xylose in the presence of gluconate. The amount of xylitol was progressively increased with increasing gluconate concentration. An extract of cells grown in the gluconate-xylose medium showed NADPH-dependent D-xylose reductase activity and NADP-dependent 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activity. These enzymes in the cell-free extract were purified by Sephadex G–100 gel filtration. The reduction of D-xylose to xylitol was demonstrated by the coupling the D-xylose reductase activity to the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activity with NADP as a cofactor using the cell-free extract and the fractionated enzymes.
Design methodology of a non-invasive sensor to measure the current of the output capacitor for a very fast non-linear control (2009)

The combination of non-linear control and linear control proposed in [1] has a very fast transient response (voltage step from 1 V to 1.5 V in 2 mus). In order to achieve this fast transient response the non-linear scheme is based on measuring the current of the output capacitor of a Buck converter. The design of this current sensor is complex due to parasitic effects such as component tolerances (bandwidth and dc gain of the Op-Amp), aging, temperature variation, etc. A design methodology for this current sensor is proposed regarding all these effects. The sensing circuit is designed to mirror the actual capacitor current with a trans-impedance amplifier by matching phase and scaling impedances of the RLC network (C, ESR and ESL of the output capacitor). The proposed methodology has been validated by means of a buck converter switching at 5 MHz. Experimental results validate that the current sensor behaves appropriately under voltage and load steps.
DC Voltage Control of the DC Micro-Grid for Super High Quality Electric Power Distribution (2007)

“DC Micro-grid” is a novel power system using dc distribution in order to provide super high quality electric power. The power is distributed through dc distribution line and converted to required ac or dc voltages by converters placed near loads. The load side converters do not need transformers by choosing proper distributed dc voltage (±170V). The dc distribution line is composed of 3 power lines: +170V line, neutral line and -170V line. The voltages of ±170V have to be balanced to supply high quality power. In this paper, a voltage balancing control method for dc distribution is proposed and studied. Computer simulation results demonstrated that dc micro-grid was able to supply both ac and dc power to loads simultaneously and stably by 3-wire dc distribution and load side converters.
Post-transplant acute limbic encephalitis (2007)

Patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are at risk for post-transplant acute limbic encephalitis (PALE), a distinct neurologic syndrome. Treatment considerations should include aggressive seizure control and, possibly, antiviral therapy. PALE can be associated with the CSF presence of human herpesvirus-6, but the pathogenic role of the virus requires further exploration.