gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Salivary apyrases of Triatoma infestans are assembled into homo-oligomers (2006)

Apyrase activity is present in the saliva of haematophagous arthropods. It is related to blood-feeding because of the apyrase ability to hydrolyse ADP, a key component of platelet aggregation. Five apyrases with apparent molecular masses of 88, 82, 79, 68 and 67 kDa were identified in the saliva of the vector of Chagas disease, Triatoma infestans. The large size observed during purification of these enzymes suggested oligomerization. In the present study, we confirmed, using gel-filtration and analytical ultracentrifugation, the presence of apyrase oligomers with molecular masses of 200 kDa in the saliva. Electrophoretic analyses showed that disulphide bonds were involved in homo-oligomerization. In addition, heterogeneity in disulphide bonds and in pI was detected, with the pI ranging from 4.9 to 5.4. The present study gives the first insights into the quaternary structure of soluble apyrases.
The Anti-Mullerian hormone and ovarian cancer (2007)

The Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), which is produced by fetal Sertoli cells, is responsible for regression of Mullerian ducts, the anlagen for uterus and Fallopian tubes, during male sex differentiation. Ovarian granulosa cells also secrete AMH from late in fetal life. The patterns of expression of AMH and its type II receptor in the post-natal ovary indicate that AMH may play an important role in ovarian folliculogenesis. Recent advances in the physiological role of AMH has stimulated interest in the significance of AMH as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic agent for ovarian cancer. Currently, AMH has been shown to be a circulating marker specifically for granulosa cell tumour (GCT). Its diagnostic performance seems to be very good, with a sensitivity ranging between 76 and 93%. In patients treated for GCT, AMH may be used post-operatively as marker for the efficacy of surgery and for disease recurrence. Based on the physiological inhibitory role of AMH in the Mullerian ducts, it has been proposed that AMH may inhibit epithelial ovarian cancer cell both in vitro and in vivo. These observations will be the basis for future research aiming to investigate the possible clinical role of AMH as neo-adjuvant, or most probably adjuvant, therapy for ovarian cancer.
<title>Characterization and monitoring of CD, PMD, and PDL of transmission fibers and components</title> (2004)

Polarization mode dispersion (PMD), polarization dependent loss (PDL) and chromatic dispersion (CD) of fiber optic components and fiber transmission links are key issues in fiber optical communication. Of interest are the respective static values as well as their variations in time which might be due to environmental changes or due to rerouting. Basic aspects will be briefly addressed, a variety of standard and state-of-the-art characterization and monitoring techniques will be reviewed and recent experimental results will be presented.
Human seminal fluid as a source of prostate cancer-specific microRNA biomarkers (2014)

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed&#13;\nmalignancy among men living in Western countries&#13;\nand a major cause of cancer-related deaths. Biopsy-based&#13;\ndiagnosis of PCa is usually performed following an&#13;\nelevated serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurement and/or abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE). The deficiencies of serum PSA as a biomarker have been well documented (Roobol &amp; Carlsson 2013). While it is highly specific for tissues of prostatic origin, PSA is not&#13;\ncancer specific, resulting in many unnecessary biopsies of&#13;\nbenign disease. Moreover, PSA screening has resulted in&#13;\nsubstantial over-diagnosis and over-treatment of indolent&#13;\ntumours without having a significant effect on PCa&#13;\nmortality (Schroder et al. 2009). Biomarkers that could&#13;\nidentify patients with clinically significant PCa would be&#13;\nideal but are currently lacking.
A bilateral model for central neural pathways in vestibuloocular reflex (1984)

It is argued that vestibular internuclear commissural pathways are functionally important in the vestibuloocular reflex (VOR), particularly since they appear to be modulated during nystagmus. A bilateral approach to VOR modeling is essential to an effective study of the effects of commissural connections on response dynamics. A bilateral model of the VOR central pathways is proposed, with three main postulates: neural filters (NF) on each side of the brain stem, each linked to tonic cells in the ipsilateral vestibular nuclei in negative feedback loops; strong coupling between these bilateral loops by reciprocal commissural connections that significantly affect response dynamics; and modulation of this coupling by inhibitory burst neurons during fast phases. Mathematical analysis of this model shows that the NF need not be good integrators. During slow-phase operation, commissural pathways provide a positive-feedback effect that improves the effective integration function of the bilateral system beyond that of the NF in each side. Analysis suggests that the time constant of the NF might even be as small as that of the eye plant (approximately 0.24 s), so that the NF might be considered to be internal models of the eye plant rather than pseudointegrators. In the model, modulation of commissural gains by burst cells is shown to be sufficient to cause the system to switch between a compensatory position-tracking mode (slow phases) and an anticompensatory velocity-tracking mode (fast phases) during nystagmus. The model simulates a number of behavioral and neurophysiological findings, such as a) tonic vestibular nuclei (VN) cells have sensitivities and decay times larger than primary vestibular fibers, and their response polarity may reverse after section of superficial commissural fibers; b) effective VOR integration deteriorates after cerebellectomy or commissurectomy; c) peak fast-phase eye velocity is modulated by the vestibular signal as well as by fast-phase amplitude. The model accounts for the modulation of central VN responses during nystagmus and, as a result, simulations strongly imply that envelopes of slow-phase eye velocity or smoothed central firing rates will depend on fast-phase strategy and, hence, may not always yield accurate estimates of VOR dynamics. Similarly, the model predicts that "apparent" disassociation between central and ocular responses may occur because of interactions during nystagmus, despite appropriate behavior within slow-phase segments (since VN responses are not simple estimates of eye velocity).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Effect of Selection for Dark Respiration Rate of Mature Leaves on Crop Yields of Lolium perenne cv. S23 (1982)

Growth and nutritive quality of two polycross progeny (GL 83 and GL 112) from F1 plants of Lolium perenne ex cv. S23 showing slow dark respiration rates of mature leaves were compared in the field with S23 in 3 years. Plots were cut either nine (simulated grazing) or five (conservation) times annually. In the first trial, sown in 1977, dry matter yields from plots of GL 83 were compared with S23 during 1978 and 1979. A similar trial sown in 1979 compared GL 83, S23 and GL 112 during 1980. The slow respiration populations displayed consistently greater (6–13 per cent) annual dry matter yields than S23, mostly during mid to late summer. In the first trial the difference in yield was greater in 1979 than 1978 and more under conservation than simulated grazing. In the second trial GL 83 and GL 112 yielded 11 and 13 per cent more dry matter than S23 under simulated grazing and 5–6 per cent under conservation. There were no consistent differences in dry matter digestibility, water soluble carbohydrates or protein between the populations. Cellulose content of GL 83 and to a much lesser extent GL 112, tended to be greater than that of S23 from July to September. Analysis of one harvest from another trial revealed no significant difference in energy value, as measured by adiabatic bomb calorimetry, between GL 83 and S23. Thus, it appears that the greater dry matter production of the progeny with slower mature leaf dark respiration rates reflected a true increase in total energy yield not apparently associated with any agronomically undesirable characteristics. The general significance of the results for crop improvement are discussed.
Harmonization of induction motor efficiency standards in Latin America (2002)

This paper presents the status of induction motor efficiency standards in Latin America, particularly in Brazil and Mexico, the continent's two largest markets. It also introduces the concept of standards as an effective policy tool for the promotion of energy efficiency and market transformation. It encourages the adoption of industrial motor standards through the activities of energy policy-makers and motor manufacturers in Latin America. The paper promotes the harmonization of such standards throughout the Americas, based on IEEE and CSA standards.
High-temperature poling of bulk silica glass: measurements of poling current and Maker fringes (2003)

Thermal poling of Suprasil 300TM silica glass samples is performed at temperatures up to 800°C. The cathodic current measured during poling shows that significant charge injection occurs. Measurements of the χ(2) susceptibility by the Maker fringes technique are shown.
STUDY ON PINHOLE LEAKS IN GAS PIPELINES: CFD SIMULATION AND ITS VALIDATION (2021)

In the present study, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of pinhole leaks (1.27-3.3 mm) in a low-pressure, up to 2.5 bars, air pipeline which has 16 mm (0.62 inch) inner diameter has been performed by using a 3D transient DES (detachable eddy simulation) model of a commercial CFD code, ANSYS Fluent R3. Also, a laboratory-scale experimental setup is established with a 5 m long pipe with inner diameter (ID) = 16 mm. In steady operational stages, mass balance method is used to calculate the leakage mass flow rate in the experimental setup. In addition, pressure point analysis (PPA) with two dynamic and one differential pressure gauges is used to detect chronic/small leaks at transient stages. This method is cost effective and easy to maintain compared to expensive acoustic leak detection systems. The numerical results were validated against the experimental data. The simulations values of leakage mass flow rate are slightly higher (~10%) than the experiments but overall the simulation results are in good agreement with experiment. The proposed model simulates the flow leakage, pressure distribution and velocity profile around the defined size of the leakage. Transient simulation is performed to use power spectral density (PSD) and Fast Fourier transformation (FFT) of the acoustic pressure variation to predict acoustic oscillations and turbulent behavior of the flow field around the leakage location. These results could help advance current understandings of several leak detection systems that will reduce the false alarms of the leakage monitoring systems.
Adelante, arrepiéntase: tiene su lado bueno (2009)

Como el primero de una serie de articulos creados en asociacion con Harvard Health Publications, un profesor de psiquiatria de Harvard Medical School habla sobre el arrepentimiento y sus beneficios potenciales. El arrepentimiento no necesita ser una emocion autoflagelante, senala. De hecho, al pedir que se clasificaran las emociones negativas en terminos de valor, la gente, ubico al arrepentimiento en el primer lugar porque les ayudaba a darles un sentido a los eventos de la vida y a mediar lo que salio mal.
Surface Modification of Silicone Rubber for Adhesion Patterning of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Water Cluster Ion Beam (2011)

Biocompatibility of silicone rubber sheet (SR) was improved by the water cluster ion irradiation for adhesion patterning of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The water cluster ions were irradiated at acceleration voltage of 6 kV and doses of 1014–1016 ions/cm2. The effect of ion dose on changes in wettability and surface atomic bonding state was observed. Compared to the unirradiated SR, about four‐time smoother surface on the irradiated one was observed. Water contact angle decreased with an increase in the ion dose up to 1×1015 ions/cm2. With an increase in ion dose, XPS showed decrease of atomic carbon due to lateral sputtering effect and increase of atomic oxygen due to surface oxidation. After 7 days in vitro culture, the complete adhesion pattern of the rat MSCs was obtained on the irradiated SR at dose of 1×1015 ions/cm2, corresponding to the low contact angle of 87°. At low dose, the partial pattern on the irradiated region was observed instead.
A method for continuous measurement of ammonia in respiratory airways (1979)

A method has been developed that can continuously measure respiratory NH3 with a detection limit of 30 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) at an averaging time of 1 s. The method is based on the chemiluminescent detection of NO, which is produced by oxidizing NH3 at 850 degrees C. A polyethylene sampling probe, incorporating a heated capillary tip bathed in dry, NH3-free diluent air, minimizes NH3 losses due to absorption in breath condensate. In one subject, flow and tidal volume were monitored during quiet mouth breathing while NH3 and CO2 were sampled at the lips. In 10 subjects, NH3, and CO2 were sampled at the lips during quiet mouth breathing ranged from 280 to 1,280 ppbv (mean plus or minus SE, 540 PLUS OR MINUS 85 PPBV).
Aberrantly activated TAK1 links neuroinflammation and neuronal loss in Alzheimer's disease mouse models (2023)

Neuroinflammation is causally associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Reactive glia cells secrete various neurotoxic factors that impair neuronal homeostasis eventually leading to neuronal loss. Although the glial activation mechanism in AD has been relatively well studied, how it perturbs intraneuronal signaling, which ultimately leads to neuronal cell death, remains poorly understood. Here, we report that compound stimulation with the neurotoxic factors TNF and glutamate aberrantly activates neuronal TAK1 (also known as MAP3K7), which promotes the pathogenesis of AD in mouse models. Glutamate-induced Ca2+ influx shifts TNF signaling to hyper-activate TAK1 enzymatic activity through Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, which leads to necroptotic cellular damage. Genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition of TAK1 ameliorated AD-associated neuronal loss and cognitive impairment in the AD model mice. Our findings provide a molecular mechanism linking cytokines, Ca2+ signaling and neuronal necroptosis in AD.
Identification of the coding region for a second poly(A) polymerase in Escherichia coli. (1996)

We had earlier identified the pcnB locus as the gene for the major Escherichia coli poly(A) polymerase (PAP I). In this report, we describe the disruption and identification of a candidate gene for a second poly(A) polymerase (PAP II) by an experimental strategy which was based on the assumption that the viability of E. coli depends on the presence of either PAP I or PAP II. The coding region thus identified is the open reading frame f310, located at about 87 min on the E. coli chromosome. The following lines of evidence support f310 as the gene for PAP II: (i) the deduced peptide encoded by f310 has a molecular weight of 36,300, similar to the molecular weight of 35,000 estimated by gel filtration of PAP II; (ii) the deduced f310 product is a relatively hydrophobic polypeptide with a pI of 9.4, consistent with the properties of partially purified PAP II; (iii) overexpression of f310 leads to the formation of inclusion bodies whose solubilization and renaturation yields poly(A) polymerase activity that corresponds to a 35-kDa protein as shown by enzyme blotting; and (iv) expression of a f310 fusion construct with hexahistidine at the N-terminus of the coding region allowed purification of a poly(A) polymerase fraction whose major component is a 36-kDa protein. E. coli PAP II has no significant sequence homology either to PAP I or to the viral and eukaryotic poly(A) polymerases, suggesting that the bacterial poly(A) polymerases have evolved independently. An interesting feature of the PAP II sequence is the presence of sets of two paired cysteine and histidine residues that resemble the RNA binding motifs seen in some other proteins.
Self-Nanoemulsifying Lipid Carrier System for Enhancement of Oral Bioavailability of Etoposide by <I>P</I>-Glycoprotein Modulation: <I>In Vitro</I> Cell Line and <I>In Vivo</I> Pharmacokinetic Investigation (2013)

The purpose of this work is intended to investigate the potential of self-nanoemulsifying (SNE) drug delivery system for enhanced oral bioavailability of etoposide by P-glycoprotein (P-gp) modulation. The components of SNE formulation were optimized by their solubilization and emulsification efficiency. The ternary phase diagrams provided nanoemulsion existence ranges and the corresponding formulations were developed and evaluated via thermodynamic and dispersibility tests. The successful formulations were characterized for various parameters including time required for self-emulsification, percentage transmittance, droplet size, surface morphology, zeta potential and in vitro release. The etoposide loaded SNE9 formulation showed 2.6- and 11-fold higher permeability coefficient in apical to basolateral direction across Caco-2 monolayers as compared to the Etosid and plain drug solution, respectively. The etoposide loaded SNE9 formulation showed a higher cytotoxicity at the highest tested concentration compared to the blank SNE9 formulation and the free etoposide. Furthermore, an in vivo pharmacokinetic study of etoposide in SNE9 formulation showed 3.2- and 7.9-fold increase in relative oral bioavailability compared with that of etoposide in Etosid and drug suspension, respectively. Thus, the developed SNE drug delivery system could be a valuable tool for the effective oral delivery of etoposide.
Wide-viewing integral imaging using fiber-coupled monocentric lens array (2015)

We propose a novel three dimensional integral imaging display system with improved viewing angle using a monocentric lens array (MoLA) coupled with fiber bundle. In conventional integral imaging, the off-axis aberrations of the conventional lens array limit the viewing angle in the display stage. The key to our design is a MoLA that eliminates most of the off-axis aberrations and generates a wide-angle image on a spherical surface. The fiber bundle acts as relay optics from the flat-panel display to spherical focal plane of the MoLA. The viewing angle enhancement of the proposed method is analyzed, and the achromatic condition is deduced for the MoLA to correct the chromatic aberration. The experimental result illustrates the capabilities of the proposed method.
Cross-Reacting Antibacterial Auto-Antibodies Are Produced within Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaques of Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients (2012)

Coronary atherosclerosis, the main condition predisposing to acute myocardial infarction, has an inflammatory component caused by stimuli that are yet unknown. We molecularly investigated the nature of the immune response within human coronary lesion in four coronary plaques obtained by endoluminal atherectomy from four patients. We constructed phage-display libraries containing the IgG1/kappa antibody fragments produced by B-lymphocytes present in each plaque. By immunoaffinity, we selected from these libraries a monoclonal antibody, arbitrarily named Fab7816, able to react both with coronary and carotid atherosclerotic tissue samples. We also demonstrated by confocal microscopy that this monoclonal antibody recognized human transgelin type 1, a cytoskeleton protein involved in atherogenesis, and that it co-localized with fibrocyte-like cells transgelin+, CD68+, CD45+ in human sections of coronary and carotid plaques. In vitro fibrocytes obtained by differentiating CD14+ cells isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells also interacted with Fab7816, thus supporting the hypothesis of a specific recognition of fibrocytes into the atherosclerotic lesions. Interestingly, the same antibody, cross-reacted with the outer membrane proteins of Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae (and possibly with homologous proteins of other enterobacteriaceae present in the microbiota). From all the other three libraries, we were able to clone, by immunoaffinity selection, human monoclonal antibodies cross-reacting with bacterial outer membrane proteins and with transgelin. These findings demonstrated that in human atherosclerotic plaques a local cross-reactive immune response takes place.
European grapevine moth, Lobesia botrana Part I: Biology and ecology (2023)

Though the European grapevine moth, Lobesia botrana (Denis &amp; Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) can&#13;\nfeed on more than forty plant species, grapevine is the preferred crop worldwide. This moth is a western palearctic species&#13;\nthat has recently spread to Chile, Argentina, and California. The possible further expansion in other regions of the Americas&#13;\nis greatly feared and should be monitored carefully in the near future. In this framework, we provide an updated review of&#13;\nthe current knowledge on its taxonomy, morphology, biology, ecology, genomics, geographic distribution, and invasiveness.&#13;\nThen, in the last section, we develop a research agenda pointing out significant challenges for future investigations on&#13;\nbio-ecology and invasion biology, which are tightly connected with the prevention and management strategies
An Innovative Surgical Technique for Subretinal Transplantation of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigmented Epithelium in Yucatan Mini Pigs: Preliminary Results (2016)

The hESC-RPE cells survived for 3 months in this animal model. The surgical procedure for subretinal implantation of CPCB-RPE1 is feasible and safe, without cell migration off the scaffold or development of ocular or systemic tumors.
Structural Analysis of the First Iron Bridge in the World Using the Finite Element Method (2011)

The Iron Bridge completed in 1779 was the world’s first bridge. It is located at the world heritage site of Ironbridge Gorge in Shropshire, England. In order to predict the stress distribution and deformation in the bridge, the Iron Bridge was modelled and analysed using the finite element method. The maximum tensile stress was predicted to occur in the strut close to the middle of the bridge, which could be the reason why the strut failed. The numerically predicted deformations in the circles and ogees in the Iron Bridge are in agreement with the observed deformations. It is concluded that for the conservation and maintenance of the historic Iron Bridge, modern numerical simulations are invaluable for providing guidance.