gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spatial Scalability Enabled Soft Video Broadcast for Users with Resolution Heterogeneity (2017)

Recently, a novel uncoded transmission system called SoftCast has attracted great interest from academia, which can eliminate the cliff effect in digital transmission. Since the whole system is linear, SoftCast is intrinsically scalable to channel conditions. However, the resolution heterogeneity in the uncoded video broadcast system has not been well studied as far as we know. In this paper, we propose a Spatial Scalability Enabled Soft Video Broadcast (SSESVB) system based on SoftCast, aim to accommodate diverse users with heterogeneous channel conditions and heterogeneous resolutions simultaneously. Existing solutions for the resolution heterogeneity issue are previously designed for digital source coding, which cannot fully exploit performance gains from uncoded transmission. Instead, in the proposed SSESVB system, a novel spatial decomposition method based on linear projection is specially designed for uncoded transmission. Then a power distortion optimization problem is formulated and solved with the goal to minimize the average distortion of multiple users with heterogeneous channel conditions and heterogeneous resolutions. The simulation results demonstrate that SSESVB achieves more than 5.8 dB gain over compared schemes (i.e., SoftCast, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) based method, and Scalable Video Coding (SVC)) in terms of average Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) under heterogeneous scenarios.
The role of arthroereisis of the subtalar joint for flatfoot in children and adults (2017)

Subtalar arthroereisis has been reported as a minimally-invasive, effective and low-risk procedure in the treatment of flatfoot mainly in children but also in adults.It has been described as a standalone or adjunctive procedure, and is indicated in the treatment of flexible flatfoot, tibialis posterior tendon dysfunction, tarsal coalition and accessory navicular syndrome.Different devices for subtalar arthroereisis are currently used throughout the world associated with soft-tissue and bone procedures, depending on the surgeon rather than on standardised or validated protocols.Sinus tarsi pain is the most frequent complication, often requiring removal of the implant.To date, poor-quality evidence is available in the literature (Level IV and V), with only one comparative non-randomised study (Level II) not providing strong recommendations. Long-term outcome and complication rates (especially the onset of osteoarthritis) are still unclear. <b>Cite this article</b>: <i>EFORT Open Rev</i> 2017;2:438-446. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.170009.
Tetraplegia is associated with increased hypoxic ventilatory response during nonrapid eye movement sleep (2022)

People with cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) are likely to experience chronic intermittent hypoxia while sleeping. The physiological effects of intermittent hypoxia on the respiratory system during spontaneous sleep in individuals with chronic cervical SCI are unknown. We hypothesized that individuals with cervical SCI would demonstrate higher short- and long-term ventilatory responses to acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) exposure than individuals with thoracic SCI during sleep. Twenty participants (10 with cervical SCI [9 male] and 10 with thoracic SCI [6 male]) underwent an AIH and sham protocol during sleep. During the AIH protocol, each participant experienced 15 episodes of isocapnic hypoxia using mixed gases of 100% nitrogen (N<sub>2</sub> ) and 40% carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub> ) to achieve an oxygen saturation of less than 90%. This was followed by two breaths of 100% oxygen (O<sub>2</sub> ). Measurements were collected before, during, and 40 min after the AIH protocol to obtain ventilatory data. During the sham protocol, participants breathed room air for the same amount of time that elapsed during the AIH protocol and at approximately the same time of night. Hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) during the AIH protocol was significantly higher in participants with cervical SCI than those with thoracic SCI. There was no significant difference in minute ventilation (V<sub>.E.</sub> ), tidal volume (V<sub>.T.</sub> ), or respiratory frequency (f) during the recovery period after AIH in cervical SCI compared to thoracic SCI groups. Individuals with cervical SCI demonstrated a significant short-term increase in HVR compared to thoracic SCI. However, there was no evidence of ventilatory long-term facilitation following AIH in either group.
Natural Products Chemistry in Marine Ascidians of the Genus Aplidium (2005)

Ascidians (tunicates) are widely recognized as one of the most prolific producers of bioactive natural products in the marine environment. In particular, ascidians of the genus Aplidium are renowned for the variability in the metabolites that they content. The non-nitrogenous compounds are dominated by the presence of meroterpenoids exemplified by the longithorones. Among the nitrogen containing group, nucleosides, cyclic peptides and a high variety of alkaloids can be mentioned. In this review the most interesting aspects of structure elucidation and bioactivity of the natural products from species of the genus Aplidium reported up to the end of 2004 will be presented. Keywords: natural products, marine metabolites, ascidians, tunicates, aplidium
A survey of variation in the chemical composition of commercial canola meal produced in Western Canadian crushing plants (1991)

Canola samples of whole seed, press cake and commercial meal (CM) were collected from seven canola-crushing plants in Western Canada over 4 successive weeks to assess nutrient and glucosinolate content and variability. The CM data are described in this report. The mean concentrations in CM (dry matter (DM) basis) were: in %, crude protein (N × 6.25) 41.85; ether extract 3.92; crude fiber 13.13; neutral detergent fiber 23.54; acid detergent fiber 19.09; and in MJ kg −1 , gross energy 20.36. The mean mineral concentrations were, in percent, calcium 0.70; magnesium 0.57; phosphorus 1.13; potassium 1.35; sulfur 0.94; and in μg g −1 , copper 6.34; iron 157; manganese 54.7; molybdenum 1.5; selenium 1.22; zinc 75.8. Total aliphatic glucosinolate concentrations (oil-free DM basis) ranged from 6.26 to 28.42 μmol g −1 for different plants, mean 16.20; indolyl glucosinolate concentrations were from 0.56 to 9.49 μmol g −1 . Small and variable amounts of allyl and hydroxybenzyl glucosinolates due to weed seed contamination were found. Myrosinase activity (thioglucoside glucohydrolase EC 3.2.3.1) averaged 0.15% of that in the corresponding canola seed. Differences among crushing plants were due mainly to regional environmental factors, cultivars used and, for lysine and glucosinolates, processing conditions mainly in the desolventizer toaster stage. Key words: Canola, meal, composition, variation, regional, Western Canada
Estimation of soil moisture from airborne hyperspectral imagery with support vector regression (2013)

In this paper, we propose to estimate soil moisture in bare soils directly from hyperspectral imagery using support vector regression (υ-SVR). υ-SVR is a supervised non-parametric learning technique, e.g. making no assumption on the underlying data distribution, which shows good generalization properties even when only a limited number of training samples is available (which is often the case in soil moisture estimation). Estimation in six tilled bare soil fields shows the potential of using non-linear υ-SVR for the prediction of gravimetric soil moisture. Dependence to the origin of training samples, as well as their number, is thoroughly considered.
Investigation of defective bonding pad affected by the contamination of front opening unified pod (FOUP) (2017)

Abnormal bonding pads have often been formed through a series of wafer processing steps, which may cause a variety of failure modes in the efficient operation of the end products. In this work, the effect of fluorine-outgassing on its formation as a case study has been studied. We analyzed abnormal bonding pads prepared by various defective conditions and investigated causes of defect that boosts oxidation reaction of aluminum when the fluoride ions on the pad's surface react with moisture. We found that the decrease of defect concentrations in the bonding pad strongly relies on those of the fluoride ions absorbed from the outgassing. The methodology used in our failure analysis to characterize and improve the defect behaviors observed in the bonding pads is presented in the paper.
Clusters containing carbene ligands. 3. Transformations of a (dimethylamino)methyl ligand in a triosmium cluster. Synthesis and structural characterizations of Os3(CO)10(.mu.-.eta.2-H2CNMe2)(.mu.-H), Os3(CO)9[.mu.3-.eta.2-C(H)NMe2](.mu.-H)2, and Os3(CO)10(.mu.-CNMe2)(.mu.-H) (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTClusters containing carbene ligands. 3. Transformations of a (dimethylamino)methyl ligand in a triosmium cluster. Synthesis and structural characterizations of Os3(CO)10(.mu.-.eta.2-H2CNMe2)(.mu.-H), Os3(CO)9[.mu.3-.eta.2-C(H)NMe2](.mu.-H)2, and Os3(CO)10(.mu.-CNMe2)(.mu.-H)Richard D. Adams and James E. BabinCite this: Organometallics 1988, 7, 4, 963–969Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00094a028https://doi.org/10.1021/om00094a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views42Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Efficient Non-Viral Integration and Stable Gene Expression in Multipotent Adult Progenitor Cells (2011)

Non-viral integrating systems, PhiC31 phage integrase (ϕC31), and Sleeping Beauty transposase (SB), provide an effective method for ex vivo gene delivery into cells. Here, we used a plasmid-encoding GFP and neomycin phosphotransferase along with recognition sequences for both ϕC31 and SB integrating systems to demonstrate that both systems effectively mediated integration in cultured human fibroblasts and in rat multipotent adult progenitor cells (rMAPC). Southern blot analysis of G418-resistant rMAPC clones showed a 2-fold higher number of SB-mediated insertions per clone compared to ϕC31. Sequence identification of chromosomal junction sites indicated a random profile for SB-mediated integrants and a more restricted profile for ϕC31 integrants. Transgenic rMAPC generated with both systems maintained their ability to differentiate into liver and endothelium albeit with marked attenuation of GFP expression. We conclude that both SB and ϕC31 are effective non-viral integrating systems for genetic engineering of MAPC in basic studies of stem cell biology.
Graph Signal Denoising Using Nested-Structured Deep Algorithm Unrolling (2021)

In this paper, we propose a deep algorithm unrolling (DAU) based on a variant of the alternating direction method of multiplier (ADMM) called Plug-and-Play ADMM (PnP-ADMM) for denoising of signals on graphs. DAU is a trainable deep architecture realized by unrolling iterations of an existing optimization algorithm which contains trainable parameters at each layer. We also propose a nested-structured DAU: Its submodules in the unrolled iterations are also designed by DAU. Several experiments for graph signal denoising are performed on synthetic signals on a community graph and U.S. temperature data to validate the proposed approach. Our proposed method outperforms alternative optimization- and deep learning-based approaches.
A Monte Carlo study of x‐ray fluorescence in x‐ray detectors (1999)

Advances in digital x-ray detector systems have led to a renewed interest in the performance of x-ray phosphors and other detector materials. Indirect flat panel x-ray detector and charged coupled device (CCD) systems require a more technologically challenging geometry, whereby the x-ray beam is incident on the front side of the scintillator, and the light produced must diffuse to the back surface of the screen to reach the photoreceptor. Direct detector systems based on selenium have also enjoyed a growing interest, both commercially and academically. Monte Carlo simulation techniques were used to study the x-ray scattering (Rayleigh and Compton) and the more prevalent x-ray fluorescence properties of seven different x-ray detector materials, Gd2O2S, CsI, Se, BaFBr, YTaO4, CaWO4, and ThO2. The redistribution of x-ray energy, back towards the x-ray source, in a forward direction through the detector, and lateral reabsorption in the detector was computed under monoenergetic conditions (1 keV to 130 keV by 1 keV intervals) with five detector thicknesses, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 mg/cm2 (Se was studied from 30 to 1000 mg/cm2). The radial distribution (related to the point spread function) of reabsorbed x-ray energy was also determined. Representative results are as follows: At 55 keV, more (31.3%) of the incident x-ray energy escaped from a 90 mg/cm2Gd2O2S detector than was absorbed (27.9%). Approximately 1% of the total absorbed energy was reabsorbed greater than 0.5 mm from the primary interaction, for 90 mg/cm2 CsI exposed at 100 kVp. The ratio of reabsorbed secondary (fluorescence + scatter) radiation to the primary radiation absorbed in the detectors (90 mg/cm2) (S/P) was determined as 10%, 16%, 2%, 12%, 3%, 3%, and 0.3% for a 100 kVp tungsten anode x-ray spectrum, for the Gd2O2S, CsI, Se, BaFBr, YTaO4, CaWO4, and ThO2 detectors, respectively. The results indicate significant x-ray fluorescent escape and reabsorption in common x-ray detectors. These findings suggest that x-ray fluorescent radiation redistribution should be considered in the design of digital x-ray imaging systems.
Nutritional requirement of digestible tryptophan for white-egg layers of 60 to 76 weeks of age (2014)

The objective of this study was to determine the nutritional requirement of digestible Trp for white egg layers in the period from 60 to 76 wk of age. A total of 180 Dekalb White layers with an average weight of 1,345 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with 5 increasing levels of digestible Trp (0.167, 0.175, 0.183, 0.191, and 0.199%), 6 replicates, and 6 birds per experimental unit. The diets of the treatments contained 0.759% of digestible Lys, which was obtained using the prediction equation of the Brazilian Tables for Poultry and Swine, and each treatment consisted of a digestible Trp-to-Lys ratio of 22, 23, 24, 25, or 26%. The digestible Trp levels in the diet had a quadratic effect on egg production, egg mass, and conversion per mass and per dozen eggs, and a linear effect on egg weight. In conclusion, a diet with 0.192% digestible Trp, in a 25.33% ratio with digestible Lys or 212 mg/bird per day, can be recommended for white egg layers of 60 to 76 wk of age.
Long-term proton pump inhibitors and risk of gastric cancer development after treatment for Helicobacter pylori : a population-based study (2017)

Long-term use of PPIs was still associated with an increased GC risk in subjects even after HP eradication therapy.
Gas chromatographic mass spectrometric indication of double bond position in monounsaturated primary acetates and alcohols without derivatization (1983)

Abstract Electron impact mass spectra of straight chain, monounsaturated C 12 to C 18 acetates and alcohols have been shown to be useful in the indication of the double bond position on an empirical basis. The ratio of intensities of the m/z 55 and m/z 54 ions increases proportionately as the double bond is moved away from the acetate or alcohol functional group. The intensity of the m/z 61 ion also can be correlated with the double bond position. Results are generally accurate to ±1 carbon atom.
Interleukin‐2‐mediated inhibition of dendritic cell development correlates with decreased CD135 expression and increased monocyte/macrophage precursors (2014)

We have previously shown that interleukin-2 (IL-2) inhibits dendritic cell (DC) development from mouse bone marrow (BM) precursors stimulated with the ligand for FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 receptor (Flt3L), and have provided evidence that this inhibition occurs at the monocyte DC precursor stage of DC development. Here, we explored the mechanism of IL-2-mediated inhibition of DC development. First, we showed that these in vitro cultures accurately model DCs that develop in vivo by comparing gene and protein expression of the three main Flt3L-induced DC subsets from the BM, CD11b(+) and CD24(+) conventional DCs (cDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) with their respective ex vivo spleen DC subsets (CD11b(+), CD8(+) and pDCs). Next, gene expression changes were quantified in Flt3L DC subsets that developed in the presence of IL-2. These changes included increased expression of Bcl2l11, which encodes the apoptosis-inducing protein Bim, and decreased expression of Flt3 (CD135), the receptor that initiates DC development. Interleukin-2 also significantly reduced Flt3 protein expression on all three Flt3L DC subsets, and attenuated Flt3L-induced STAT3 phosphorylation in DCs. Based on these data, we hypothesized that decreased Flt3 signalling may divert BM precursors down monocyte and macrophage lineages. Indeed, addition of IL-2 led to increases in Flt3(-) cells, including cKit(+) Ly6C(+) CD11b(-) populations consistent with the recently identified committed monocyte/macrophage progenitor. Therefore, IL-2 can inhibit DC development via decreased signalling through Flt3 and increased monocyte/macrophage development.
An effective access control mechanism in home network environment based on SPKI certificates (2010)

In home network environment, security is one of the most important issues that need to be addressed because the services provided by all kinds of household appliances are likely related with the privacy information of the residents. Although several access control mechanisms have been proposed in the last few years, these existing models always preserve all the access control policies in the home gateway or the distributed household appliances, and all of them have conspicuous defects. In this paper, we divide access control policies into general policies and privacy policies according to different security requirements of the residents. With the help of SPKI certificates theory, we demonstrate that our model is an effective access control mechanism by providing two types of access control policies with different security schemes.
Low loss multilayer microstrip line for monolithic microwave integrated circuits applications (1998)

This paper describes the multilayer microstrip structure using low dielectric constant polyimide as a buffer layer between the microstrip conductor and the GaAs substrate to reduce dissipation loss, especially for very high impedance microstrip lines. The new structure provides about half the dissipation loss and about 40% higher characteristic impedance in comparison to the conventional microstrip line on GaAs substrate having the same conductor widths. An empirical formula for the equivalent dielectric constant compatible with commercial computer-aided design tools was developed to design monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) using this medium. The multilayer microstrip structure is compatible with ITT's 4′ MSAG® process which uses polyimide for crossovers and scratch protection. The present structure has great potential in realizing low loss and wideband matching networks including low noise, high power, and high efficiency amplifiers, and passive components on GaAs substrate with improved insertion loss and bandwidth performance, and three-dimensional MMICs. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 8: 441–454, 1998
Development of BGA solution for the IBM PowerPC 970 module in Apple's Power Mac G5 (2004)

Apple's Power Mac G5 systems use either one or two IBM PowerPC 970 chips. Initial systems built with the PowerPC 970 64-bit processor run at speeds up to 2.0 GHz. These chips are packaged on IBM ceramic BGA (ball grid array) modules. The high performance modules dissipate high power, which presents new packaging challenges. One of these challenges has been addressed successfully by improving the thermo-mechanical integrity of the solder interconnections between the chip carrier module and the organic processor board. The PowerPC 970 chip dissipates high power in a small area and is aggressively cooled using a state-of-the art heatsink design. This paper describes how through a cooperative effort between Apple and IBM, a BGA reliability enhancement was evaluated and successfully implemented. Use of BGA underfill strengthens the BGA connections between the processor module and the processor card and increases long term reliability performance affected by creep and cyclic fatigue.
Imaging central nervous system myelin by positron emission tomography in multiple sclerosis using [methyl‐11C]‐2‐(4′‐methylaminophenyl)‐ 6‐hydroxybenzothiazole (2010)

PIB could be used as an imaging marker to quantify myelin loss and repair in demyelinating diseases.
Osteopontin mediates obesity-induced adipose tissue macrophage infiltration and insulin resistance in mice (2007)

Obesity is associated with a state of chronic, low-grade inflammation characterized by abnormal cytokine production and macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue, which may contribute to the development of insulin resistance. During immune responses, tissue infiltration by macrophages is dependent on the expression of osteopontin, an extracellular matrix protein and proinflammatory cytokine that promotes monocyte chemotaxis and cell motility. In the present study, we used a murine model of diet-induced obesity to examine the role of osteopontin in the accumulation of adipose tissue macrophages and the development of insulin resistance during obesity. Mice exposed to a high-fat diet exhibited increased plasma osteopontin levels, with elevated expression in macrophages recruited into adipose tissue. Obese mice lacking osteopontin displayed improved insulin sensitivity in the absence of an effect on diet-induced obesity, body composition, or energy expenditure. These mice further demonstrated decreased macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue, which may reflect both impaired macrophage motility and attenuated monocyte recruitment by stromal vascular cells. Finally, obese osteopontin-deficient mice exhibited decreased markers of inflammation, both in adipose tissue and systemically. Taken together, these results suggest that osteopontin may play a key role in linking obesity to the development of insulin resistance by promoting inflammation and the accumulation of macrophages in adipose tissue.