gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
BIO024 Neuroprotective and antioxidant activity of flavonoids isolated from Serjania erecta Radlk (2012)

Nowadays Alzheimer's disease is the leading cause of dementia in the world. The major neuropathological signs of this disease include the formation of neurofibrillary tangles, extracellular deposition of A? peptide and extensive neuronal loss. A? peptide accumulation seems to be the initial factor of degeneration associated to this disease, but its neurotoxicity mechanism is not elucidated yet. However, many studies have shown that the generation of free radicals is involved in this system, leading to oxidative stress, which can initiate processes that culminate in death of neuronal cells, reflecting the different symptoms presented by Alzheimer's patients. Several in vivo studies using Alzheimer's animal models and in vitro studies with neuronal PC12 cells have shown that A? peptide efficiently produces ROS and nitric oxide, an important cellular signaling molecule involved in many physiological and pathological processes that favor an extremely destructive environment. Nowadays, the most commonly indicated treatment for AD aims the recovery of the cholinergic deficits, but obtained results have not been positive for all patients. More recently there has been an extensive interest in the search for new therapeutic agents that may reduce disease progression and provide a protective effect for preventing neuronal damages. Literature data have shown that adaptogenic plants, known for their antioxidant and protective properties, are a promising therapeutic target in the search for bioactive compounds that may play such activities. Serjania erecta Radlk, an adaptogenic plant, popularly known as cipo-cinco-folhas produces flavonoids with validated antioxidant and protective activities.
Landmark-based pedestrian navigation from collections of geotagged photos (2008)

Mobile phones are an attractive platform for landmark-based pedestrian navigation systems. To be practical, such a system must be able to automatically generate lightweight directions that can be displayed on these mobile devices. We present a system that leverages an online collection of geotagged photographs to automatically generate navigational instructions. These are presented to the user as a sequence of images of landmarks augmented with directional instructions. Both the landmark selection and image augmentation are done automatically. We present a user study that indicates these generated directions are beneficial to users and suggest areas for future improvement.
Entangled chain structure trapped in a styrene-butadiene random copolymer by cross-linking in simple extension (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEntangled chain structure trapped in a styrene-butadiene random copolymer by cross-linking in simple extensionSteve Granick and John D. FerryCite this: Macromolecules 1983, 16, 1, 39–45Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00235a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00235a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views122Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electromechanical characterization and measurement protocol for dielectric elastomer actuators (2006)

Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEA) considerably change shape when stimulated electrically and hold promise as artificial muscles. An electromechanical characterization protocol for DEA's is developed and tested with the VHB 4910 polyacrylic elastomer from 3M, where the current - voltage response of the actuator is recorded together with the area expansion from a video-extensometer until breakdown occurs. The current is a direct measure of the area expansion of the DEA and can be used to control the actuator. The modeling of the DEA is based on hyperelasticity models for elastomers. Minimum requirements for the strain energy function of dielectric elastomers are derived in terms of the principal stretching ratios guaranteeing stability against mechanical collapse of the actuator. The electromechanical characterization and modeling protocol developed may provide useful guidelines for the selection and assessment of new dielectric elastomer materials.
50 tesla pulsed magnets using a copper conductor externally reinforced with stainless steel (1988)

Using a copper conductor externally strengthened with stainless steel, coils have been made which produce pulsed magnetic fields of up to 52 T over approximately 10 ms. The construction and performances of these coils are described as well as proposals for increasing the maximum field to 60 T.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Practicing JUDO (2000)

A high-performance implementation of a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) consists of efficient implementation of Just-In-Time (JIT) compilation, exception handling, synchronization mechanism, and garbage collection (GC). These components are tightly coupled to achieve high performance. In this paper, we present some static anddynamic techniques implemented in the JIT compilation and exception handling of the Microprocessor Research Lab Virtual Machine (MRL VM), i.e., lazy exceptions, lazy GC mapping, dynamic patching, and bounds checking elimination. Our experiments used IA-32 as the hardware platform, but the optimizations can be generalized to other architectures.
Amino Acids Enhance Insulin Resistance to Exogenous Glucose Infusion in Overnight‐Fasted Humans (1991)

The role that amino acids play in regulating exogenous glucose infusion during hyperinsulinemia was examined in overnight-fasted volunteers. Each study consisted of both a 30-minute basal period and a 4-hour experimental period during which insulin was infused at either 0.6, 1.2, 2.5, 5.0, 10, or 20 mU/kg/min with euglycemia maintained. Two protocols were used. In the first (I), subjects were allowed to develop hypoaminoacidemia, and in the second (II), plasma amino acid levels were maintained near basal by frequently monitoring plasma leucine levels in conjunction with exogenous infusion of an L-amino acid solution. The amount of amino acids infused were 0.85 +/- 0.11, 1.53 +/- 0.17, 1.97 +/- 0.13, 2.18 +/- 0.50, 2.78 +/- 0.61, and 2.83 +/- 0.44 mg/kg/min at escalating insulin doses, respectively. When amino acids were infused, the amount of glucose required to maintain euglycemia was lower at each insulin dose used (4.5 +/- 0.3 vs 3.6 +/- 0.4, 7.6 +/- 0.5 vs 6.9 +/- 0.3, 10.4 +/- 1.0 vs 8.7 +/- 0.5, 13.3 +/- 0.8 vs 10.2 +/- 0.4, 14.7 +/- 0.8 vs 11.7 +/- 0.6, and 14.9 +/- 0.6 vs 11.8 +/- 0.8 mg/kg/min at escalating insulin doses, respectively; p less than 0.05). The calculated maximal infusion rates were 15.8 +/- 0.6 vs 12.6 +/- 0.4 mg/kg/min (protocol I vs II, p less than 0.001), while the concentrations required to achieve half-maximal rates were 153 +/- 22 and 134 +/- 22 microU/ml (p = ns), respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Pericardial-mechanical valved conduits in the management of right ventricular outflow tracts. Preliminary report. (1984)

Over the 3 year period from 1980 to 1982, mechanical prosthetic valves were implanted in the pulmonary pathway in seven patients. In two the procedure was a pulmonary valve replacement. In two it was an implantation of a pulmonary valve with transannular pericardial patching, and in three, complete pericardial (tube) conduits, which included mechanical valves, were constructed. There were neither perioperative nor late complications. Four patients were recatheterized. In three residual right ventricular hypertension was observed. In one of the three the cause of obstruction was not verified, but in the remaining two it was unrelated to the mechanical valve. No thromboembolic phenomena were observed.
Negative influence of changing biopsy practice patterns on the predictive value of prostate‐specific antigen for cancer detection on prostate biopsy (2008)

Early in the PSA era, the predictive power of PSA depended on multiple factors: high prevalence of disease, higher prevalence of high-grade disease, and low likelihood of prostate cancer diagnosis in men with low PSA. Now, beyond the culling effect of increased biopsy incidence and with shifted biopsy practice patterns, the correlation between PSA and biopsy result is lost in men with normal DRE. Diagnosing a higher proportion of tumors in men with a PSA between 2.0-4.0 ng/mL has negatively influenced the predictive value of PSA for cancer detection.
The Acute Inhalation Toxicity of Pyrolysis Products of Halon 1301 (1992)

Abstract : Gaseous halides can be generated as a pyrolysis products of the fire retardant Halon 1301, as well as from the combustion of other materials. Previous work in our laboratory has shown that the respiratory tract injury produced by the acute inhalation of relatively high mass concentrations of HCl, HF, and HBr (approx. 1300 ppm) is localized within the nasal compartment during nose breathing (NB) and to the trachea and higher generation conducting airways during mouth breathing (MB) in the rat. For example, using lung gravimetric and histopathologic criteria, virtually no peripheral lung damage was observed in NB rats, and mild to no lung damage was observed in MB rats 24 hrs. after being exposed to 1300 ppm HCl for 30 min. It is presently unknown as to whether or not the lesions induced by acute high level inhalation of the halides can be extended more deeply into the lower respiratory tract by increases in minute ventilation (VE). The main objective of this study was to characterize the upper and lower respiratory tract lesions produced by inhaled halide in nose breathing and mouth breathing rats during CO2 (5%) induced increased minute ventilation with the driving hypothesis being that the inhalation of halide during enhanced minute ventilation will increase the severity of resulting injury while also extending the injurious response to more peripheral regions of the respiratory tract.
Rationally Designed Potent and Selective CK1α Degraders Exert Antiproliferative Activity Against a Broad Range of Human Cancer Cell Lines (2023)

Abstract While the PROTAC approach to targeted protein degradation greatly benefits from rational design, the discovery of molecular glue degraders currently relies on screening strategies. Here, we describe screening of a library containing 3,630 cereblon binders against a panel of 9 patient-derived cancer cell lines. This led to the discovery of SJ7590, a potent degrader of CK1α, IKZF1 and IKZF3 proteins. Through a structure-guided optimization strategy we developed SJ3149, a uniquely potent and selective CK1α degrader. The crystal structure of the CK1α+CRBN+DDB1+SJ3149 quaternary complex provided a rationale for the improved degradation properties via direct contacts between SJ3149 and CK1α. In a panel of 115 human cancer cell lines SJ3149 displayed broad antiproliferative activity. This activity profile, which showed statistically significant correlation with MDM2 inhibitor Nutlin-3a, suggests potential for the development of treatments for hematological cancers, as well as solid tumors.
A novel fine rate control algorithm with adaptive rounding offset (2008)

The rate control algorithm is of essential importance to a video encoder. It enables the encoded bitstream to meet the bandwidth and storage requirement while maintaining good video quality. Most existing works adjust the quantization step size to achieve the required bit rate accuracy. This paper introduces a new dimension: the quantization rounding offset into a frame-level fine rate control algorithm. Specifically, we propose a novel fine rate control algorithm based on a linear model between the bit rate and the rounding offset. Unlike the quantization step size that has a limited number of choices, the quantization rounding offset is a continuously adjustable variable which allows the rate control algorithm to reach any precision in principle. Extensive experiment results show that the proposed algorithm greatly improves the bit rate accuracy and provides better visual quality by fine tuning of the rounding offset in addition to the quantization step size.
Universal Machine Learning Framework for Defect Predictions in Zinc Blende Semiconductors (2021)

Abstract Point defects or impurities are either naturally present in semiconductors or may be intentionally introduced to tune their electronic and optical properties. The nature of impurity energy levels can strongly influence the performance of a semiconductor in applications ranging from solar cells to photodiodes to infrared sensors to qubits for quantum computing. In this work, we develop a framework powered by machine learning (ML) and high-throughput density functional theory (DFT) computations for the prediction and screening of functional impurities in group IV, III-V, and II-VI zinc blende semiconductors. Elements spanning the length and breadth of the periodic table are considered as impurity atoms at the cation, anion, or interstitial sites in supercells of 34 candidate semiconductors, leading to a chemical space of 12,000 points, 10% of which are used to generate a DFT dataset of charge dependent defect formation energies. Descriptors based on tabulated elemental properties, defect coordination environment, and relevant semiconductor properties are used to train ML regression models for the DFT computed properties, resulting in statistical predictions of the neutral state formation energies and charge transition levels of all possible impurities in the given set of compounds. Kernel ridge regression, Gaussian process regression, and neural networks, with appropriate feature selection and hyperparameter optimization, are seen to yield similar predictive performances and meaningful uncertainty estimates. We apply the ML framework to screen all impurities with lower formation energy than dominant native defects in all group IV, III-V, and II-VI zinc blende semiconductors. An online tool resulting from this work for predicting and visualizing defect properties in semiconductors is made available on github.
LEGO(TM) Bricks for Reactive Programming (2014)

A fundamental unit of computation is introduced for reactive programming called the LEGO® brick. It is targeted for domains in which JavaScript runs in an attempt to allow a user to build a trustworthy reactive program on demand rather than try to analyze JavaScript. A formal definition is given for snapping bricks together based on the standard product construction for deterministic finite automata.
Financial time series segmentation based on Turning Points (2011)

Segments extracted from financial time series are widely used in trend analysis as well as in predicting future tendency of the price movement. Recent approaches for time series segmentation often rely on an arbitrary threshold value and segments are generated at only one level. In this paper, we propose a novel time series segmentation method based on Turning Points which are extracted from the maximum or minimum points of the time series. The proposed segmentation method generates segments at different levels of details and achieves satisfactory results in preserving higher number of trends compared to an existing segmentation approach.
The Use of Methylphenidate for Cognitive Decline Associated with HIV Disease (1995)

In spite of these important research short-comings, clinical experience with MPD treatment of cognitive changes in men with HIV/AIDS is consistent with the notion that this medication holds significant promise to improve the quality of life for persons living with HIV/AIDS. Controlled studies to test this hypothesis are warranted.
Using a water‐soluble melamine‐formaldehyde resin to improve the hardness of Norway spruce wood (2004)

Abstract Samples of Norway spruce wood were impregnated with a water‐soluble melamine formaldehyde resin by using short‐term vacuum treatment and long‐term immersion, respectively. By means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and UV microspectrophotometry, it was shown that only diffusion during long‐term immersion leads to sufficient penetration of melamine resin into the wood structure, the flow of liquids in Norway spruce wood during vacuum treatment being greatly hindered by aspirated pits. After an immersion in aqueous melamine resin solution for 3 days, the resin had penetrated to a depth &gt; 4 mm, which, after polymerization of the resin, resulted in an improvement of hardness comparable to the hardwood beech. A finite element model describing the effect of increasing depth of modification on hardness demonstrated that under the test conditions chosen for this study, a minimum impregnation depth of 2 mm is necessary to achieve an optimum increase in hardness. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 1900–1907, 2004
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (9R)‐9‐Dihydro‐6,9‐anhydroerythromycin A (I). (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Meta-Analysis of Differential Connectivity in Gene Co-Expression Networks in Multiple Sclerosis (2016)

Differential gene expression analyses to investigate multiple sclerosis (MS) molecular pathogenesis cannot detect genes harboring genetic and/or epigenetic modifications that change the gene functions without affecting their expression. Differential co-expression network approaches may capture changes in functional interactions resulting from these alterations. We re-analyzed 595 mRNA arrays from publicly available datasets by studying changes in gene co-expression networks in MS and in response to interferon (IFN)-β treatment. Interestingly, MS networks show a reduced connectivity relative to the healthy condition, and the treatment activates the transcription of genes and increases their connectivity in MS patients. Importantly, the analysis of changes in gene connectivity in MS patients provides new evidence of association for genes already implicated in MS by single-nucleotide polymorphism studies and that do not show differential expression. This is the case of amiloride-sensitive cation channel 1 neuronal (ACCN1) that shows a reduced number of interacting partners in MS networks, and it is known for its role in synaptic transmission and central nervous system (CNS) development. Furthermore, our study confirms a deregulation of the vitamin D system: among the transcription factors that potentially regulate the deregulated genes, we find TCF3 and SP1 that are both involved in vitamin D3-induced p27Kip1 expression. Unveiling differential network properties allows us to gain systems-level insights into disease mechanisms and may suggest putative targets for the treatment.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN MENTAL AND PHYSICAL GROWTH IN TWINS (1961)

S ummary . The intra pair differences in intelligence test scores and measures of physique were correlated for two samples of twins. In both the correlation coefficients so obtained were not significantly different from zero. The method of correlating intra pair differences is equivalent to holding socio‐economic differences constant, as each pair of twins has the same socio‐economic environment. The findings of this inquiry are compatible with the hypothesis that the observed correlations between measures of intelligence and physique, which are positive and greater than zero, are due to common environmental influences, and that there is no biological correlation between mental and physical growth.
External Validation of Seven Predictive Models for Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Mortality Demonstrates Limited Predictive Accuracy (2022)

INTRODUCTION: Several risk prediction models for 30-day mortality following ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) exist. However, external validation of these models has been limited. METHODS: We performed a retrospective, multi-hospital institutional review of rAAA repairs (2010-2020) and calculated discrimination and calibration of seven rAAA risk prediction models using receiver operating characteristic curves, Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2 test, and Brier scores. In models with at least fair discrimination (area under the curve [AUC] > 0.7), we compared unexpected survivors (survival despite > 80% predicted 30-day mortality) to expected non-survivors. RESULTS: Current risk prediction models were applied to 371 rAAA patients (mean age 74.0 ± 10 years, 72.7% male, 49.7% open repair, 34.9% 30-day mortality). Three models had fair and four had poor (AUC < 0.7) discrimination. All models demonstrated adequate calibration (Table). The Vascular Study Group of New England model performed best overall but still only had fair discrimination. Compared to expected non-survivors (N = 97), unexpected survivors (N = 95) had significantly (p < 0.05) less preoperative CPR (6.3% vs 16.5%), shock (systolic blood pressure < 90 or heart rate > 120; 36.8% vs 59.8%), acidosis (pH < 7.2; 14.7% vs 39.6%), coagulopathy (median INR; 1.3 [IQR 1.2-1.6] vs 1.5 [1.2-1.9]) and were more likely to undergo endovascular aortic repair (EVAR; 66.3% vs 36.1%). CONCLUSION: Current rAAA risk prediction models demonstrated only fair discrimination. Unexpected survivors significantly differed in shock and coagulopathy domains and the effect of EVAR on mortality requires further exploration. These findings suggest that variables in existing risk prediction models have not sufficiently captured important physiologic characteristics associated with rAAA mortality and should be cautiously applied to clinical practice. Table. - Discrimination, Calibration, and Brier Score of Analyzed Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Risk Prediction Models Predictive model Discrimination: AUC (95% CI) Calibration: Hosmer–Lemeshow test 52.333 pt Vascular Study Group of New England rAAA Risk Score 0.733 (0.681-0.785) 0.912 0.191 Updated Glasgow Aneurysm Score 0.731 (0.679-0.785) 0.280 0.194 Vancouver Scoring System 0.707 (0.653-0.761) 0.499 0.388 Artificial Neural Network Score 0.694 (0.641-0.747) 0.100 0.213 Dutch Aneurysm Score 0.656 (0.597-0.714) 0.448 0.230 Edinburgh Ruptured Aneurysm Score 0.600 (0.553-0.646) 0.331 0.214 Harborview Preoperative Ruptured Abdominal Aneurysm Risk Score 0.552 (0.423-0.557) 0.119 0.230