gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetically tagging endothelial cells in vivo: bone marrow-derived cells do not contribute to tumor endothelium (2004)

Tumor growth is dependent in part on "neoangiogenesis." Functional involvement of bone marrow (BM)-derived cells in this process has been demonstrated. However, it remains controversial as to whether tumor endothelium itself is BM derived. Here we sought to address this issue with an endothelial-specific, inducible transgenic model. We generated Cretransgenic mice (endothelial-SCL-Cre-ER(T)) using the tamoxifen-inducible Cre-ER(T) recombinase driven by the 5' endothelial enhancer of the stem cell leukemia (SCL) locus. These mice were intercrossed with Cre reporter strains in which beta-galactosidase (LacZ) or enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) are expressed upon Cre-mediated recombination. After tamoxifen administration, endothelial LacZ staining was observed in embryonic and adult tissues. Cre-mediated recombination was also observed in newly generated tumor endothelium. In adult BM cells we could only detect trace amounts of recombination by flow cytometry. Subsequently, BM from endothelial-SCL-Cre-ER(T);R26R mice was transplanted into irradiated recipients. When tumors were grown in recipient mice, which received tamoxifen, no tumor LacZ staining was detected. However, when tumors were grown in endothelial-SCL-Cre-ER(T);R26R mice 3 weeks after the cessation of tamoxifen treatment, there was widespread endothelial LacZ staining present. Thus, this genetic model strongly suggests that BM cells do not contribute to tumor endothelium and demonstrates the lineage relation between pre-existing endothelium and newly generated tumor endothelial cells.
P016 Colonoids derived from UC patients retain higher transcriptional response to inflammatory triggers in-vitro, even after several passages (2022)

Abstract Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) patients show high variations in disease phenotype and response to therapy. Intestinal epithelia play a key role in UC pathogenesis, and therefore patient-derived epithelial model to study this variation are warranted. Few studies suggest that colonoids derived from UC patients retain some disease-related transcriptional and epigenetic changes, but they also raise questions regarding their persistence in culture. Here, we aimed to characterize if UC epithelial dysfunctions and response to inflammatory signals retained in colonoid culture. Methods Rectal biopsies were used to generate epithelial organoids (colonoids) that were grown through 5–10 passages using L-WRN conditioned medium. Media and total RNA were collected for measuring CXCL1 secretion using ELISA and qPCR, respectively. Results 3 control and 5 UC patients-derived colonoids were generated. Median age was 17 years and 75% were females. Control patients were evaluated for loose stool, abdominal pain, and anemia, but had normal rectal mucosa endoscopically and histologically. UC included newly diagnosed and established patients. Colonoids were allowed to differentiate for 48 hours before applying different inflammatory cocktails to induce inflammation for 24 h with IFNγ+LPS, IFNγ+TNFα, and TNFα+LPS (20 ng/ml each trigger). UC organoids secreted significant higher levels of CXCL1 as detected in the media at baseline (p=0.02) and with IFNy+TNFa (p=0.01), but no difference was noted with TNFa+LPS (Fig. 1). In addition, CXCL1 mRNA showed significant higher levels after inflammatory triggering in UC vs. controls (Fig. 1) with IFNγ +LPS, (p=0.02), IFNγ+TNFα (p=0.003), and TNFα+LPS (p=0.016). Similarly, several other genes showed significant and substantial induction in UC organoids vs. controls, in some or all the inflammatory triggers (Fig. 2). The tight junction-associated protein, ZO1 showed substantially higher induction in UC compared to controls with the 3 inflammatory cocktails [IFNγ +LPS, (p=0.03), IFNγ+TNFα (p=0.02), and TNFα+LPS (p=0.005)]. Significantly higher expression in UC organoid was further noted in comparison to control in IL8 levels upon IFNγ +LPS (p=0.002), in interferon inducible IDO1 with IFNγ+TNFα (p=0.001), and in goblet associated MUC2 (p=0.04) and bacterial sensing DUOX2 (p=0.001) with TNFα+LPS. Conclusion Our data suggest that UC colonoids retain some inflammatory response activity in-vitro even after several passages. We show that UC organoids secrete higher level of CXCL1. Additionally, we note higher transcriptional response to different inflammatory signals in UC organoids potentially implying an “immune” epithelial transcriptional memory that may contribute to UC chronicity.
Maize (Zea mays) genetic transformation by co‐cultivating germinating seeds with Agrobacterium tumefaciens (2006)

A novel plant genetic transformation method for maize (Zea mays) is reported. Using a scalpel, germinating seeds were wounded in the meristem and co-cultivated with an Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain harbouring a Ti plasmid. Seedlings produced from the treatment were screened by hygromycin selection. Fertile transgenic T(0) and T(1) plants were obtained. PCR amplification, PCR-Southern and Southern-blot analysis showed that the foreign gene had been introduced into the inbreds of maize. About 29% of T(0) seedlings examined were found to be transgenic, although the overall transformation was only 0.6% when total treated seeds were taken into account. The method circumvented tedious and prolonged tissue-culture steps, is simple and can be readily integrated into conventional plant breeding programs.
The linguistic structure of English web-search queries (2008)

Web-search queries are known to be short, but little else is known about their structure. In this paper we investigate the applicability of part-of-speech tagging to typical English-language web search-engine queries and the potential value of these tags for improving search results. We begin by identifying a set of part-of-speech tags suitable for search queries and quantifying their occurrence. We find that proper-nouns constitute 40% of query terms, and proper nouns and nouns together constitute over 70% of query terms. We also show that the majority of queries are noun-phrases, not unstructured collections of terms. We then use a set of queries manually labeled with these tags to train a Brill tagger and evaluate its performance. In addition, we investigate classification of search queries into grammatical classes based on the syntax of part-of-speech tag sequences. We also conduct preliminary investigative experiments into the practical applicability of leveraging query-trained part-of-speech taggers for information-retrieval tasks. In particular, we show that part-of-speech information can be a significant feature in machine-learned search-result relevance. These experiments also include the potential use of the tagger in selecting words for omission or substitution in query reformulation, actions which can improve recall. We conclude that training a part-of-speech tagger on labeled corpora of queries significantly outperforms taggers based on traditional corpora, and leveraging the unique linguistic structure of web-search queries can improve search experience.
Solvent/non‐solvent sintering: A novel route to create porous microsphere scaffolds for tissue regeneration (2007)

Solvent/non-solvent sintering creates porous polymeric microsphere scaffolds suitable for tissue engineering purposes with control over the resulting porosity, average pore diameter, and mechanical properties. Five different biodegradable biocompatible polyphosphazenes exhibiting glass transition temperatures from -8 to 41 degrees C and poly (lactide-co-glycolide), (PLAGA) a degradable polymer used in a number of biomedical settings, were examined to study the versatility of the process and benchmark the process to heat sintering. Parameters such as: solvent/non-solvent sintering solution composition and submersion time effect the sintering process. PLAGA microsphere scaffolds fabricated with solvent/non-solvent sintering exhibited an interconnected porosity and pore size of 31.9% and 179.1 mum, respectively which was analogous to that of conventional heat sintered PLAGA microsphere scaffolds. Biodegradable polyphosphazene microsphere scaffolds exhibited a maximum interconnected porosity of 37.6% and a maximum compressive modulus of 94.3 MPa. Solvent/non-solvent sintering is an effective strategy for sintering polymeric microspheres, with a broad spectrum of glass transition temperatures, under ambient conditions making it an excellent fabrication route for developing tissue engineering scaffolds and drug delivery vehicles.
Spectroscopic Signature and Structure of Active Centers in Ziegler-Natta Polymerization Catalysts revealed by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (2020)

Despite decades of extensive studies, the atomic-scale structure of active sites in heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta (ZN) catalysts remains elusive and a matter of debate. Here, the structure of polymerization ZN catalysts is elucidated from magnetic resonance experiments carried out on samples reacted with increasing amounts of BCl3 so as to enhance the concentration of active sites and observe clear spectroscopic signatures. Notably, we show that EPR and NMR spectroscopy of the activated ZN catalysts enables to observe paramagnetic species whose amount increases in conjunction with the catalytic activity. The joint application of 2D HYSCORE experiments and DFT calculations reveals the presence of bimetallic alkyl-Ti(III),Al complexes that are assigned to the catalytic centers of MgCl2-supported Ziegler-Natta catalysts
The large sialoglycoprotein of human lymphocytes. I. Distribution on T and B lineage cells as revealed by a monospecific chicken antibody (1985)

Chickens were immunized with highly purified large sialoglycoprotein of human lymphocytes (L-LSGP; gp 150) which was isolated from neuraminidase-treated normal peripheral blood lymphocytes by affinity chromatography to HP-Sepharose and further purified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Antibodies isolated from plasma and egg yolk were highly specific for desialylated L-LSGP (apparent molecular mass approximately 150 kDa). The antigenic sites recognized by the antibodies are probably located in the peptide moiety of the molecule since antibody binding to lymphocytes was not inhibited by a variety of different sugars or abrogated by absorption on various erythrocytes. In immunofluorescence experiments, greater than or equal to 75% of neuraminidase-treated thymocytes and peripheral blood lymphocytes, virtually all E+ cells and T4+ or T8+ T chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells were stained by anti-gp 150. A small fraction (approximately 10%) of thymocytes and a larger fraction (greater than or equal to 30%) of T CLL cells in some patients were stained before neuraminidase treatment. Thymocytes appear to contain considerably lower amounts of a less sialylated form of L-LSGP than peripheral blood lymphocytes. In contrast to blast cells of 5-day concanavalin A or leucoagglutinin cultures (greater than or equal to 90% anti-gp150+) only about 50% of the blast cells generated in 5-day mixed leukocyte cultures were anti-gp150+. The large majority (greater than or equal to 75%) of both the anti-gp150+ and anti-gp150- cells were T3+ and T11+.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
In vitro Regeneration of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. Capitata) through Hypocotyl and Cotyledon Culture (1970)

The best response toward direct regeneration of multiple shoots from seven-dayold seedling was observed on half-strength MS supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BA. Hypocotyl and cotyledon explants produced highest percentage (73 and 66, respectively) of shoots. The maximum number of shoots (12) and the highest shoot length of 5.9 cm were also observed in this medium. On the other hand, indirect regeneration via callus was observed in cotyledonary explants. Maximum percentage of callus formation was observed on MS containing 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l NAA. Highest frequency of shoot regeneration was achieved on MS fortified with 2.0 mg/l BA and 0.1 mg/l NAA in cotyledon derived callus. Shoot regeneration was not obtained in hypocotyl-derived callus. Shoots rooted well when they were excised individually and implanted in halfstrength MS with 0.5 mg/l IBA in which 98% rooting was achieved within 10 - 12 days. The well rooted in vitro raised plantlets were successfully transferred to soil and their survival rate under natural environment was 86%. Key words: In vitro regeneration, Cabbage, Hypocotyl, Cotyledon D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v17i2.3233 Plant Tissue Cult. &amp; Biotech. 17(2): 131-136, 2007 (December)
The GPS Occultation Sensor for NPOESS (2003)

The Global Positioning System Occultation Sensor (GPSOS) is a precision GPS instrument carried by the NPOESS spacecraft. It measures primarily the electron density profile and scintillation parameters of the ionosphere. The measurements are obtained by tracking signals of GPS satellites that are observed to rise or set through the atmosphere while recording the signal amplitude and phase.
Radioactive waste management in a hospital. (2010)

Most of the tertiary care hospitals use radioisotopes for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Safe disposal of the radioactive waste is a vital component of the overall management of the hospital waste. An important objective in radioactive waste management is to ensure that the radiation exposure to an individual (Public, Radiation worker, Patient) and the environment does not exceed the prescribed safe limits. Disposal of Radioactive waste in public domain is undertaken in accordance with the Atomic Energy (Safe disposal of radioactive waste) rules of 1987 promulgated by the Indian Central Government Atomic Energy Act 1962. Any prospective plan of a hospital that intends using radioisotopes for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures needs to have sufficient infrastructural and manpower resources to keep its ambient radiation levels within specified safe limits. Regular monitoring of hospital area and radiation workers is mandatory to assess the quality of radiation safety. Records should be maintained to identify the quality and quantity of radioactive waste generated and the mode of its disposal. Radiation Safety officer plays a key role in the waste disposal operations.
Inheritance of Wood Hardiness among Hybrids of Commercial and Wild Asian Peach Genotypes1 (1980)

Abstract Seven clones of peach ( Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) varying in hardiness, and 5 progenies derived from them were used to study the inheritance of cambium, xylem, and vegetative bud hardiness. Mean progeny cambium and xylem hardiness could be predicted from average parental performance, but vegetative bud hardiness could not. Injury within dates and tissues was highly heritable and environmental variation was very low. Correlations among injury ratings for different tissues, temperatures, and dates were low when based on individual trees indicating poor repeatability of individual genotypes over time. Correlations based on family means were higher. The low correlations based on individual trees indicate that selection based on individual phenotypic performance in a single test might be ineffective.
A Malicious Users Detecting Model Based on Feedback Correlations (2013)

The trust and reputation models were introduced to restrain the impacts caused by rational but selfish peers in P2P streaming systems. However, these models face with two major challenges from dishonest feedback and strategic altering behaviors. To answer these challenges, we present a global trust model based on network community, evaluation correlations, and punishment mechanism. We also propose a two-layered overlay to provide the function of peers' behaviors collection and malicious detection. Furthermore, we analysis several security threats in P2P streaming systems, and discuss how to defend with them by our trust mechanism. The simulation results show that our trust framework can successfully filter out dishonest feedbacks by using correlation coefficients. It can effectively defend against the security threats with good load balance as well.
AMechanism ofSpecifying andDetermining Pricing inUtility Computing Environments (2007)

Utility services providers offeron-demand Toaddress theaboveissue, wepropose inthis papera services formultiple usersandapplications froma shared mechanism ofquantification thatcanbe utilized for resource pool. Theutility computing environment providerdetermining pricing inutility computing environments. The manages resources thathavemultiple dimensions, namely mechanism contains thefollowing components: defining the CPU,MemoryandDisk. Itisimportant thatamechanism of capacity unitastheunitforresource allocation, metering, quantification beutilized fordetermining pricing. Alsointhese andbilling; capturing dynamic demandon resources; and environments, we believe thatprice needstobeadapted to adapting pricing todynamic demand. reflect andinfluence dynamic change indemandonresources, andcanbeused, asaneconomic mechanism, toefficiently Te remand othe papedrki organi asdfolos. manageautility computing environment. Toachieve this, we Section IIpresents therelated work.Section III defines the propose inthis paperanadaptive pricing mechanism. The system modelwherethemechanism isbuilt. Section IV objective ofthis scheme istwofold: it, forbusiness objectives, describes howthepricing mechanism works, andsection V adapts price baseduponthesupply anddemandcurves over presents thesimulation result. Section VI concludes the timeintervals; ontheother hand, price invisibly manages the paper. distribution of resourcedemandacrosstimeintervals, therefore makesresourceutilization more efficient and balanced overtime.Inthis approach, theresource unittobe II.RELATED WORK priced iscalled capacity unit, andapplications arebilled based Therehasbeensomeresearch that either focuses onthe uponthecapacity units that havebeenreserved orused. economicsideofutility computing, or tackles various
ChemInform Abstract: Stereocontrolled Alkylative Construction of Quaternary Carbon Centers. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
All-in-fiber method of generating orbital angular momentum with helically symmetric fibers (2018)

An all-in-fiber method of generating orbital angular momentum (OAM) is proposed. A simple device composed with a section of helically symmetric fiber and another section of regular fiber is designed to convert input light to optical vortices. Finite element method calculation of first- and second-order OAM generation based on the coordinates transformation technique is taken to show that the eigenmodes of the helically symmetric fiber structures carry orbital and spin angular momentum. Simulation using the self-developed beam propagation method algorithm is also performed to verify the orbital angular momentum generation and evaluate the performance of the OAM generator.
An Effective Enantioselective Route to the Platensimycin Core (2007)

An efficient enantiocontrolled synthetic pathway to platensimycin has been developed.
Initializing Matrix Factorization Methods on Implicit Feedback Databases (2020)

The implicit feedback based recommendation problem—when only the user history is available but there are no ratings—is a much harder task than the explicit feedback based recommendation problem, due to the inherent uncertainty of the inter- pretation of such user feedbacks. Recently, implicit feedback problem is being received more attention, as application oriented research gets more attractive within the field. This paper focuses on a common matrix factorization method for the implicit prob- lem and investigates if recommendation performance can be improved by appropriate initialization of the feature vectors before training. We present a general initialization framework that preserves the similarity between entities (users/items) when creating the initial feature vectors, where similarity is defined using e.g. context or metadata in- formation. We demonstrate how the proposed initialization framework can be coupled with MF algorithms. We experiment with various similarity functions, different context and metadata based similarity concepts. The evaluation is performed on two implicit variants of the MovieLens 10M dataset and four real life implicit databases. We show that the initialization significantly improves the performance of the MF algorithms by most ranking measures.
Supplementation of lipid emulsions to algal diets in the hatchery rearing of bivalves (1996)

The success of hatchery production of bivalves remains highly unpredictable and mortalities are often attributed to deficiencies in certain nutritionally important components. Several studies have implicated the importance of lipids, in particular triglycerides, in the early life stages as a source of energy and essential fatty acids. Experimental diets used so far in bivalve nutrition studies are either heavily polluting the water or too complex to prepare on a regular basis in a hatchery. Self emulsifying concentrates of marine oils are off-the-shell lipid supplements that may be acceptable for bivalves. A series of studies were performed with different species and life stages to evaluate the potential use of these lipid emulsions as a supplement for hatchery rearing of bivalves. Experiments considered lipid supplementation in larvae of the European oyster &lt;i&gt;Ostrea edulis&lt;/i&gt; and the hard clam &lt;i&gt;Mercenaria mercenaria&lt;/i&gt;, juveniles of the sea scallop &lt;i&gt;Placopecten magellanicus&lt;/i&gt;, and broodstock of the Chilean scallop &lt;i&gt;Argopecten purpuratus&lt;/i&gt;. Ingestion and incorporation of the fatty acids supplied through lipid emulsions were verified analytically for juvenile &lt;i&gt;P. magellanicus&lt;/i&gt; and larvae of &lt;i&gt;O. edulis&lt;/i&gt;. Culture trials with &lt;i&gt;M. mercenaria&lt;/i&gt; showed better growth and survival throughout metamorphosis for larvae receiving a 50% (of algal dry weight) DHA-rich supplement compared to the controls fed solely on &lt;i&gt;Isochrysis sp.&lt;/i&gt; (clone T-Iso). Initial results are presented on the use of the lipid emulsion during broodstock conditioning of &lt;i&gt;A. purpuratus&lt;/i&gt;. Supplementation of lipid emulsions that are rich in essential fatty acids may contribute to improve or standardize dietary supply of lipids and fatty acids in hatchery production of various bivalve species.
Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) for the detection of Plasmodium knowlesi and Plasmodium vivax (2020)

Overall, the ddPCR assay demonstrated acceptable efficiency in detection of P. knowlesi and P. vivax, and was more sensitive than nested PCR in detecting mixed infections. However, the duplex ddPCR assay still needs optimization to improve the assay's clinical sensitivity and specificity.
Tapestry: An Infrastructure for Fault-tolerant Wide-area Location and Routing (2001)

In today&amp;apos;s chaotic network, data and services are mobile and replicated widely for availability, durability, and locality. Components within this infrastructure interact in rich and complex ways, greatly stressing traditional approaches to name service and routing. This paper explores an alternative to traditional approaches called Tapestry. Tapestry is an overlay location and routing infrastructure that provides location-independent routing of messages directly to the closest copy of an object or service using only point-to-point links and without centralized resources. The routing and directory information within this infrastructure is purely soft state and easily repaired. Tapestry is self-administering, faulttolerant, and resilient under load. This paper presents the architecture and algorithms of Tapestry and explores their advantages through a number of experiments.