gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EMBO MEMBERS ’ REVIEW Molecular tinkering of G protein-coupled receptors: an evolutionary success (2013)

Among membrane-bound receptors, the G proteincoupled receptors (GPCRs) are certainly the most diverse. They have been very successful during evolution, being capable of transducing messages as different as photons, organic odorants, nucleotides, nucleosides, peptides, lipids and proteins. Indirect studies, as well as two-dimensional crystallization of rhodopsin, have led to a useful model of a common ‘central core’, composed of seven transmembrane helical domains, and its structural modifications during activation. There are at least six families of GPCRs showing no sequence similarity. They use an amazing number of different domains both to bind their ligands and to activate G proteins. The fine-tuning of their coupling to G proteins is regulated by splicing, RNA editing and phosphorylation. Some GPCRs have been found to form either homo- or heterodimers with a structurally different GPCR, but also with membrane-bound proteins having one transmembrane domain such as nina-A, odr-4 or RAMP, the latter being involved in their targeting, function and pharmacology. Finally, some GPCRs are unfaithful to G proteins and interact directly, via their C-terminal domain, with proteins containing PDZ and Enabled/VASP homology (EVH)like domains.
Hashing Techniques (2017)

With the rapid development of information storage and networking technologies, quintillion bytes of data are generated every day from social networks, business transactions, sensors, and many other domains. The increasing data volumes impose significant challenges to traditional data analysis tools in storing, processing, and analyzing these extremely large-scale data. For decades, hashing has been one of the most effective tools commonly used to compress data for fast access and analysis, as well as information integrity verification. Hashing techniques have also evolved from simple randomization approaches to advanced adaptive methods considering locality, structure, label information, and data security, for effective hashing. This survey reviews and categorizes existing hashing techniques as a taxonomy, in order to provide a comprehensive view of mainstream hashing techniques for different types of data and applications. The taxonomy also studies the uniqueness of each method and therefore can serve as technique references in understanding the niche of different hashing mechanisms for future development.
Vibroacoustic Modeling of Mechanically Coupled Structures: Artificial Spring Technique Applied to Light and Heavy Mediums (1996)

This article deals with the modeling of vibrating structures immersed in both light and heavy fluids, and possible applications to noise control problems and industrial vessels containing fluids. A theoretical approach, using artificial spring systems to characterize the mechanical coupling between substructures, is extended to include fluid loading. A structure consisting of a plate-ended cylindrical shell and its enclosed acoustic cavity is analyzed. After a brief description of the proposed technique, a number of numerical results are presented. The analysis addresses the following specific issues: the coupling between the plate and the shell; the coupling between the structure and the enclosure; the possibilities and difficulties regarding internal soundproofing through modifications of the joint connections; and the effects of fluid loading on the vibration of the structure.
Synchronization-driven dynamic speed scaling for MPSoCs (2006)

Equalizing the ratios between workloads and speeds of processing elements provides the optimal speed allocation. Based on that principle, this work describes a dynamic speed setting policy for multiprocessor systems-on-chip (MPSoCs) that relies on the estimation of processor idle times specifically due to the synchronization work. The policy provides two advantages: first, it does not rely on any assumption about the communication pattern of the application executed by the system. Second, it is purely architectural; it automatically detects changes in the system workload and sets processors speeds accordingly by means of a custom hardware block.Results on a parallel MPEG video decoding application show an EDP saving above 55%, averaged over several datasets, corresponding to an energy saving above 50%, and a corresponding penalty in performance below 8%.
Soccer Players Formation: Historical and Process Bases for Development in Brazil (2016)

EnglishThis article aims to demonstrate how Brazilian literature describes the historical process of soccer player’s development - especially regarding periods, learning sites, educational agents and methods. This research also aims to present a brief historical overview on the process, filling a gap on this subject. Thus, we performed a systematic review based on dissertations, thesis, and articles in Capes Periodical Portal. Due to the low number of studies, we used quoted works and books about the subject. The analysis considered the categorization of the material in five chronological periods that depict the evolution of training process in Brazil, which showed that soccer training started with an elitist model - held mainly in social and sports clubs – and evolved to a popular, informal and free practice, held in the streets and informal fields. The sport later became fully formalized - restricted, controlled and based on scientific methods, being held in the development categories of traditional clubs and clubs-company in order to form players “to sell”. The findings allow us to achieve a synthesis containing all training periods, leading educational agents and teaching methodologies employed in each of them, which may serve as reference for future studies and new researches. portuguesO presente artigo objetiva demonstrar como a literatura brasileira descreve a evolucao historica do processo de formacao de jogadores de futebol – principalmente com relacao aos seus periodos, locais de aprendizagem, agentes educadores e metodologias utilizadas – e apresentar uma sintese historica de tal processo, suprindo uma lacuna existente nos estudos dessa tematica. Para tal foi realizada uma revisao sistematica com base na busca de dissertacoes, teses e artigos no Portal de Periodicos do Capes. Devido aos poucos estudos localizados foram utilizados trabalhos referenciados nos mesmos e livros sobre o tema. A analise das informacoes encontradas levou a organizacao do material em cinco periodos cronologicos que retratam a evolucao do processo de formacao no Brasil, sendo observado que o mesmo partiu de um modelo elitista – realizado principalmente nos clubes socioesportivos – para um popular – informal e livre, realizado nas ruas e campos de varzea – ate se tornar totalmente formalizado – restrito, controlado e baseado em metodos cientificos –, sendo realizado nas categorias de base dos clubes tradicionais e dos clubes-empresa com objetivo de formar jogadores para “venda”. Esses achados permitiram realizar uma sintese contendo todos os periodos, locais onde a formacao ocorre, principais agentes educadores e metodologias de ensino empregadas em cada um deles, a qual pode servir de referencial para futuros estudos e novas pesquisas sobre o tema.
Practical problems in the time-domain probing of lossy dielectric media (1982)

Interest in time-domain probing of a lossy dielectric medium by means of optimization processes has been shown in former papers. Some problems related to the application of such techniques to realistic situations are envisaged. Screening effects due to losses are first investigated, and a setup (perturbed line) is presented to reduce them. The influence of a finite extent of the illumination, implied by classical wave applicators, is then discussed.
The mRNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in oocytes and embryos and its effects on the development of early embryos in cattle (2008)

The aims of the study were to measure the mRNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in bovine oocytes and early embryos derived from in vitro fertilization (IVF), parthenogenetic activation (PA) and nuclear transfer (NT), and to investigate the effects of BDNF on the development of IVF and parthenogenetic embryos. Bovine oocytes matured in vitro for 22 h were in vitro fertilized or parthenogenetic activated. By reverse transcription-PCR and quantitative real-time PCR, we found that germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes, metaphase II (MII) oocytes, 4-cell and 8-cell embryos, morulae, and blastocysts were all shown to express mRNA for BDNF. The mRNA levels for BDNF gene were different in bovine oocytes and IVF embryos at different stages (P < 0.01), with the highest expression in MII oocytes and the lowest expression in 8-cell embryos. The mRNA for BDNF was highly expressed in the PA and IVF blastocysts compared to the NT blastocysts (P < 0.01). Supplementation of culture media with BDNF at the concentration of 40 μg/l caused a significant increase in the rates of in vitro-fertilized blastocyst formation (P < 0.05) and parthenogenetic blastocyst formation (P < 0.05). However, the rate of oocyte cleavage in BDNF groups was not significantly different from that in the BDNF-free control (P > 0.05) after IVF or PA. We have also investigated the effects of BDNF on the growth of granulosa cells, which were used for co-culture of bovine early embryos. The results revealed that supplementation of culture media with 20 μg/l BDNF promoted the growth of granulosa cells (P < 0.01). Taken together, these results provided evidence for the role of neurotrophins in promoting early embryonic development as well as in the growth of granulosa cells by the co-culture system, indicating that BDNF can directly or indirectly promote bovine early embryo development.
A Highly Active Chiral Indium Catalyst for Living Lactide Polymerization (2008)

It loves LA! A unique chiral dinuclear indium complex 1 (see structure; In gray, Cl green, O red, N blue, C black) has been developed as a catalyst for the highly active, living ring-opening polymerization of lactide (LA). The catalyst retains the same reaction rate during two consecutive additions of lactide, and there is significant site control of polymer tacticity. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z705033_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A continuous sensitivity equation method for time-dependent incompressible laminar flows (2005)

This paper presents a general sensitivity equation method (SEM) for time dependent incompressible laminar flows. The formulation accounts for complex parameter dependence and is suitable for a wide range of problems. The SEM formulation is verified on a problem with a closed form solution. Systematic grid convergence studies confirm the theoretical rates of convergence in both space and time. The methodology is then applied to pulsed flow around a square cylinder. The flow starts with symmetrical vortex shedding then transitions to the traditional Von Karman street (alternate vortex shedding). Simulations indicate that the transition phase manifests itself earlier in the sensitivity fields than in the flow field itself. Sensitivities are then demonstrated for fast evaluation of nearby flows and uncertainty analysis. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integrated Personal Health Records: Transformative Tools for Consumer-Centric Care (2008)

Integrated PHRs promote active, ongoing patient collaboration in care delivery and decision making. With some exceptions, however, the integrated PHR model is still a theoretical framework for consumer-centric health care. The authors pose questions that need to be answered so that the field can move forward to realize the potential of integrated PHRs. How can integrated PHRs be moved from concept to practical application? Would a coordinating body expedite this progress? How can existing initiatives and policy levers serve as catalysts to advance integrated PHRs?
Sulfamethoxazole Enhances Specific Enzymatic Activities under Aerobic Heterotrophic Conditions: A Metaproteomic Approach (2022)

The growing concern about antibiotic-resistant microorganisms has focused on the sludge from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) as a potential hotspot for their development and spread. To this end, it seems relevant to analyze the changes on the microbiota as a consequence of the antibiotics that wastewater may contain. This study aims at determining whether the presence of sulfamethoxazole (SMX), even in relatively low concentrations, modifies the microbial activities and the enzymatic expression of an activated sludge under aerobic heterotrophic conditions. For that purpose, we applied a metaproteomic approach in combination with genomic and transformation product analyses. SMX was biotransformed, and the metabolite 2,4(1<i>H</i>,3<i>H</i>)-pteridinedione-SMX (PtO-SMX) from the pterin-conjugation pathway was detected at all concentrations tested. Metaproteomics showed that SMX at 50-2000 μg/L slightly affected the microbial community structure, which was confirmed by DNA metabarcoding. Interestingly, an enhanced activity of the genus <i>Corynebacterium</i> and specifically of five enzymes involved in its central carbon metabolism was found at increased SMX concentrations. Our results suggest a role of <i>Corynebacterium</i> genus on SMX risks mitigation in our bioreactors.
Palladium-Catalyzed Silane/Siloxane Reductions in the One-Pot Conversion of Nitro Compounds into Their Amines, Hydroxylamines, Amides, Sulfonamides, and Carbamates (2006)

Corrected by: Palladium-Catalyzed Silane/Siloxane Reductions in the One-Pot Conversion of Nitro Compounds into Their Amines, Hydroxylamines, Amides, Sulfonamides, and CarbamatesSynthesis 2006; 2006(19): E1-E1DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-950232
Engineering Approach for a Simplified Description of Rotor-Rotor Interaction Noise of a CROR Configuration (2010)

A simplified model for the principle description of the rotor-rotor interaction noise at counter rotating open rotors (CROR) was established. A numerical tool for the evaluation and fast performing parameter studies of different CROR configurations was created and results are shown for a generic rotor system and fuselage.
High-Resolution TEM Observation of 4H-SiC (0001) Surface Planarized by Catalyst-Referred Etching (2012)

A novel abrasive-free planarization method “called catalyst-referred etching (CARE)” has been invented. After the CARE process, a flat and well-ordered surface is obtained as observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). To determine the atomic structure at the topmost surface, in this study, CARE-processed surfaces of a standard commercial 2-inch n-type 4H-SiC (0001) wafer cut 8 o off-axis toward the [1-100] direction were observed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The HRTEM images showed alternating wide and narrow terraces and a single-bilayer step height. The relationship between the width of the terraces and the 4H-SiC crystal structure has been clarified.
Measurement ofCPobservables inB±→DCPK±decays and constraints on the CKM angleγ (2010)

Using the entire sample of $467\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}$ $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}B\overline{B}$ decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy $B$ factory at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, we perform an analysis of ${B}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}D{K}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ decays, using decay modes in which the neutral $D$ meson decays to either $CP$-eigenstates or non-$CP$-eigenstates. We measure the partial decay rate charge asymmetries for $CP$-even and $CP$-odd $D$ final states to be ${A}_{CP+}=0.25\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.06\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02$ and ${A}_{CP\ensuremath{-}}=\ensuremath{-}0.09\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.07\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02$, respectively, where the first error is the statistical and the second is the systematic uncertainty. The parameter ${A}_{CP+}$ is different from zero with a significance of 3.6 standard deviations, constituting evidence for direct $CP$ violation. We also measure the ratios of the charged-averaged $B$ partial decay rates in $CP$ and non-$CP$ decays, ${R}_{CP+}=1.18\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.09\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05$ and ${R}_{CP\ensuremath{-}}=1.07\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.08\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04$. We infer frequentist confidence intervals for the angle $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ of the unitarity triangle, for the strong phase difference ${\ensuremath{\delta}}_{B}$, and for the amplitude ratio ${r}_{B}$, which are related to the ${B}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}D{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ decay amplitude by ${r}_{B}{e}^{i({\ensuremath{\delta}}_{B}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\gamma})}=A({B}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{D}}^{0}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}})/A({B}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{0}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}})$. Including statistical and systematic uncertainties, we obtain $0.24&lt;{r}_{B}&lt;0.45$ ($0.06&lt;{r}_{B}&lt;0.51$) and, modulo 180\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, $11.3\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}&lt;\ensuremath{\gamma}&lt;22.7\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$ or $80.8\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}&lt;\ensuremath{\gamma}&lt;99.2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$ or $157.3\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}&lt;\ensuremath{\gamma}&lt;168.7\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$ ($7.0\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}&lt;\ensuremath{\gamma}&lt;173.0\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$) at the 68% (95%) confidence level.
Supplementary Material and Methods from Discovery and Optimization of HKT288, a Cadherin-6–Targeting ADC for the Treatment of Ovarian and Renal Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;This file describes supplementary material and methods used.&lt;/p&gt;
Cyclic LRC codes and their subfield subcodes (2015)

We consider linear cyclic codes with the locality property, or locally recoverable codes (LRC codes). A family of LRC codes that generalizes the classical construction of Reed-Solomon codes was constructed in a recent paper by I. Tamo and A. Barg (IEEE Trans. IT, no. 8, 2014). In this paper we focus on the optimal cyclic codes that arise from the general construction. We give a characterization of these codes in terms of their zeros, and observe that there are many equivalent ways of constructing optimal cyclic LRC codes over a given field. We also study subfield subcodes of cyclic LRC codes (BCH-like LRC codes) and establish several results about their locality and minimum distance.
Agronomic Effects of Land Application of Water Treatment Sludges (1991)

Economic, regulatory, and legal constraints on alternative disposal methods are raising interest in land application of water treatment sludges. Understanding the agronomic and environmental issues is essential before a land‐based disposal program is implemented. Water treatment sludges may favorably modify the pH and water‐holding capacity of soils but generally have little fertilizer value. Supplemental phosphorus (P) fertilizer will usually be needed to offset the strong P‐binding capacity of these sludges. Heavy metal concentrations can be limited in sludges primarily by controlling the purity of the coagulant chemicals.
AN INSENSITIVE ALTERNATIVE TO THE PRESSED EXPLOSIVE LX-14 (2000)

A new series of high performance explosive formulations have been developed that show promise as a replacement for the current pressed explosive standard LX-14. The primary formulation was intended to be flexible enough to provide a range of performance parameters (e.g., detonation velocities of ±9% versus LX-14) while maintaining low IM sensitivity. Preliminary characterization has been completed for one case that was designed to have performance equivalent to LX-14 and insensitive munitions properties equivalent to PAX-2A. The predicted performance, actual performance, small-scale hazard properties, NOL card gap, and Variable Confinement Cook-off Test (VCCT) results of the example (DLE-P031) was compared to LX-14, PAX-2A, PBXW-11, and HMX. Granular DLE-P031 was generated using the water slurry manufacturing method which yielded an excellent molding powder that could be pressed to 99%+ of TMD. The DLE-P031 was found to be no more sensitive to impact and friction than LX-14 and PAX-2A. The LSGT indicated that the shock sensitivity of DLE-P031 was nearly equivalent to that of PAX-2A and much less sensitive than LX-14.
Polymorphisms of CD3ε in cynomolgus and rhesus monkeys and their relevance to anti‐CD3 antibodies and immunotoxins (2007)

The monoclonal antibody FN18 has been used as a marker for monkey T cells and as a T-cell-depleting reagent when conjugated to diphtheria toxin that was mutated to prevent binding to non-targeted cells. The antibody recognizes a conformational epitope on the ectodomain of monkey CD3epsilon and displays a range of binding activity to the T cells from different rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys. Our quantitative fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis of the FN18 reactivity to T cells from different rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys showed that there are at least three levels of FN18 reactivity in the monkeys tested: high, moderate and low. On the basis of available DNA sequence information, we determined the gene structure of rhesus CD3epsilon chain and designed primers that can be used to amplify and quickly sequence the ectodomain of monkey CD3epsilon. Our sequence analysis revealed that the extent of nucleotide sequence variation in this area is greater than that previously reported. In addition to the amino acids at positions 45 and 50, we demonstrated that position 35 of CD3epsilon was also important and substitution of amino acid A for V at this position greatly reduced T-cell reactivity to FN18. We found that T cells from monkeys with high FN18 reactivity all had V, E and R at positions 35, 45 and 50 in CD3epsilon, respectively; those having low FN18 reactivity were homozygous in CD3epsilon with at least one of the changes: V35 to A, E45 to G and R to 50Q, whereas members in the moderate group are heterozygous, having both V and A, E and G, R and Q at these locations. A cytotoxicity assay revealed that T cells from a heterozygous rhesus monkey with moderate FN18 reactivity were much (about 40 times) less sensitive to a FN18-derived immunotoxin than those from a homozygous rhesus monkey having high FN18 reactivity.
Pro-apoptotic gene expression mediated by the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathway (2001)

Neurotrophic factor deprivation causes apoptosis by a mechanism that requires macromolecular synthesis. This fact suggests that gene expression is necessary to achieve cell death. To identify mRNA that is expressed in apoptotic cells we used subtractive hybridization with cDNA prepared from neuronal pheochromocytoma cells. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) expression was increased in cells during nerve growth factor withdrawal-induced apoptosis. The increased apoptosis and induction of MAO was prevented by inhibition of the p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway. MAO may contribute to the apoptotic process because inhibition of MAO activity suppressed cell death. Together, these data indicate that MAO may be a target of pro-apoptotic signal transduction by the p38 MAP kinase pathway.