gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activation of EGL-47, a Gαo-Coupled Receptor, Inhibits Function of Hermaphrodite-Specific Motor Neurons to RegulateCaenorhabditis elegansEgg-Laying Behavior (2004)

Caenorhabditis elegans egg-laying behavior is inhibited by neurotransmitter signaling through the neural G-protein Galpha(o) and serves as a model for analyzing Galpha(o) signaling. Mutations that alter egg-laying frequency have identified genes encoding a number of signaling proteins that act with Galpha(o), but the receptors that activate Galpha(o) remain mostly uncharacterized. To further analyze Galpha(o) signaling, we cloned the egl-47 gene, which was identified by two dominant mutations that severely inhibit egg laying. egl-47 encodes two orphan G-protein-coupled receptor isoforms, which share all seven transmembrane domains but have different extracellular N termini. Both dominant mutations change the same alanine to valine in the sixth transmembrane domain, resulting in constitutively activated receptors. Deletion of the egl-47 gene caused no detectable egg-laying defects, suggesting that EGL-47 functions redundantly, or it inhibits egg laying under specific circumstances as yet unidentified. Using promoter::green fluorescent protein transgenes, we found that EGL-47 is expressed in a number of neurons, including the hermaphrodite-specific neurons (HSNs) that innervate the egg-laying muscles to stimulate contraction. Transgenic expression of constitutively active EGL-47 or constitutively active Galpha(o) specifically in the HSNs was sufficient to inhibit egg-laying behavior. Our results suggest that EGL-47 regulates egg laying by activating Galpha(o) in the HSN motor neurons to inhibit their activity. Because several neurotransmitters act through Galpha(o) to inhibit HSN function, it appears that loss of any one receptor, such as EGL-47, causes only mild defects. Galpha(o) apparently integrates signaling from multiple receptors in the HSNs, including EGL-47, to set the frequency of egg-laying behavior.
Neutrophil Elastase Cleavage of Human Factor IX Generates an Activated Factor IX-Like Product Devoid of Coagulant Function (1998)

In preliminary studies, the generation of thrombin in vivo was found to induce a 92% loss of functional activity of factor IX (F.IX) despite the detection by Western blotting of a product resembling activated F.IX (F.IXa) and a 25% increase in F.IX antigen levels (Hoogendoorn et al, Thromb Haemost 69:1127, 1993 [abstr]). These changes were associated with evidence of increased elastase availability. To study the possibility that these two observations were related, a detailed physical and functional characterization of the hydrolysis of purified human F.IX by human neutrophil elastase (HNE) was performed in vitro. An activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) clotting assay demonstrated that, although HNE eliminated the potential of F.IX to be activated, it only marginally reduced the F.IXa activity. Reducing sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) indicated that HNE treatment of F.IX generated cleavage products of 30 and 20 kD that could not be distinguished from the respective heavy and light chain peptides that were identified in parallel studies when F.IX was activated by activated bovine F.XI (F.XIa), one of its physiological activators. In addition, nonreducing SDS-PAGE demonstrated that HNE-treated F.IX formed no complexes with antithrombin III (ATIII) in the presence of heparin. Furthermore, HNE-treated F.IX was unable to (1) bind the active site probe p-aminobenzamidine; (2) hydrolyze the synthetic peptide substrate CH3SO2-Leu-Gly-Arg-p-nitroanilide; and (3) activate human factor X (F.X). In contrast to dansyl-Glu-Gly-Arg-chloromethyl ketone (dEGR)-inactivated F.IXa, HNE-treated F.IX (0.01 to 10,000 pmol/L) failed to inhibit the clotting activity of F.IXa (10 pmol/L) in the aPTT. NH2-terminal sequencing indicated that HNE cleaved human F.IX at Thr140, Thr144, Ile164, Thr172, and Val181. The cleavages at Thr140/Thr144 and at Thr172/Val181 are both very close to the normal F.XIa -(Arg145) and β-(Arg180) cleavage sites, respectively. In summary, the results suggest that the activatability of F.IX is eliminated after cleavage by HNE and that the inability of HNE-treated F.IX to support F.IXa-like coagulant function is a consequence of improper active site formation. These in vitro observations support the possibility that increased HNE cleavage of F.IX in vivo may contribute to the disregulation of hemostasis that occurs in conditions such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). © 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
Bimetallic MV2CuII3 (M = Mo, W) Coordination Complexes Based on Octacyanometalates:  Structures and Magnetic Variations Tuned by Chelated Tetradentate Macrocyclic Ligands (2007)

Four octacyanometalate-based bimetallic Cu-M (M = Mo, W) assemblies coordinated by tetradentate macrocyclic ligands were prepared via self-assembly process in a stoichiometric ratio of [M(CN)8]3- and Cu(macrocycle)2+ and characterized in terms of structures and magnetic properties. The crystal structures are varied depending on the macrocycles used. The employment of cyclam with no pendant groups produced a one-dimensional chain (1) with a rope-ladder pattern, whereas macrocycles with side groups allowed for the formation of two-dimensional honeycomb-like architectures (2-4). From the crystal structures, the variations in apical Cu-Nax lengths and Cu-Nax-Cax angles on the bridging pathways are observed, which arises from the existence of side groups on macrocyclic ligands. The magnetic results reveal that all of the prepared compounds show ferromagnetic couplings between magnetic centers transimitted through CN bridges under the present structural parameters. Comparing the magnetic strength of the Cu-Mo (3d-4d; 2) and Cu-W (3d-5d; 3) complexes supports that 3d-5d magnetic coupling is stronger than 3d-4d because the 5d orbital is more diffuse than 4d. The magnetic analyses for 1-4 and related complexes tentatively suggest that, when the Cu-Nax distances are long enough, the axial Cu-Nax bond length in the bridging route may be one of the major structural parameters to determine the magnitude of the ferromagnetic exchange coupling.
Synthesis and Multifunctionality of Self-Stabilized Poly(aminoanthraquinone) Nanofibrils (2011)

Intrinsically self-stabilized nanofibril bundles of poly(1-aminoanthraquinone) (PAQ) were facilely synthesized by the chemical oxidative polymerization of 1-aminoanthraquinone. Critical polymerization parameters such as the monomer concentration, medium, oxidant species, temperature, and time were studied to significantly optimize the synthesis, size, properties, and multifunctionality of the resulting nanofibrils by IR, UV–vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, SEM, TEM, DSC, and thermogravimetry. It is found that the polymerization of 1-aminoanthraquinone with (NH4)2S2O8 as an oxidant in HClO4/acetonitrile without external stabilizer simply affords finer PAQ nanofibrils with an optimal combination of diameter of ca. 15 nm, a length of ∼6 μm, a higher preparation yield, a purer composition, a higher conductivity, and higher melting and decomposition temperatures than that with CrO3 and H2O2/Fe2+. Furthermore, the polymer nanofibrils exhibit high self-stability, powerful redispersibility, and a clean surface because of the complete avoidance of contamination from an external stabilizer. PAQ exhibits remarkably good solubility in polar solvents, colorful solvatochromism, widely controllable conductivity moving across 10 orders of magnitude from 10–9 to 50 S/cm, fluorescence, lead-ion adsorbability, high thermostability in air, and a very high carbon yield in nitrogen at 1000 °C. In particular, the nanoeffect of the PAQ nanofibrils with a large specific surface area and aspect ratio further enhances their fluorescence, lead-ion adsorbability, and nanocomposite ability of facilely forming a unique nanonetwork. PAQ would be useful as advanced materials including fluorescent emitters, sorbents of toxic metallic ions, cost-effective carbon foam precursors, and conducting nanocomposites with low percolation thresholds.
Activation of Yeast Protein Kinase C by Rho1 GTPase (1996)

We have investigated the role of the essential Rho1 GTPase in cell integrity signaling in budding yeast. Conditional rho1 mutants display a cell lysis defect that is similar to that of mutants in the cell integrity signaling pathway mediated by protein kinase C (Pkc1), which is suppressed by overexpression of Pkc1.rho1 mutants are also impaired in pathway activation in response to growth at elevated temperature. Pkc1 co-immunoprecipitates with Rho1 in yeast extracts, and recombinant Rho1 associates with Pkc1 in vitro in a GTP-dependent manner. Recombinant Rho1 confers upon Pkc1 the ability to be stimulated by phosphatidylserine, indicating that Rho1 controls signal transmission through Pkc1.
PROGRAMMABLE ADAPTIVE SPECTRAL IMAGERS FOR MISSION-SPECIFIC APPLICATION IN CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL SENSING (2007)

An innovative passive standoff system for the detection of chemical/biological agents is described. The spectral, temporal and spatial resolution of the data collected are all adjustable in real time, making it possible to keep the tradeoff between the sensor operating parameters at optimum at all times. The instrument contains no macro-scale moving parts and is therefore an excellent candidate for the development of a robust, compact, lightweight and low-power-consumption sensor. The design can also serve as a basis for a wide variety of spectral instruments operating in the visible, NIR, MWIR, and LWIR to be used for surveillance, process control, and biomedical applications.
Nanocoating effects on tapered long period fiber gratings (2007)

In this work, the experimental analysis of the response of nanocoated Tapered Long Period Gratings (TLPGs) to Surrounding Refractive Index (SRI) changes is presented. The modal transition is demonstrated to take place in this kind of devices and to be an effective method to improve their SRI sensitivity. The dip-coating method was carried out by an automated system and showed to be a reliable technique for the deposition of conformal coatings. A comparison with traditional UV-written LPGs revealed that a thicker overlay is necessary for the TLPG to tune the transition region in the same SRI range.
Advances in mechanical metamaterials for vibration isolation: A review (2022)

The adverse effect of mechanical vibration is inevitable and can be observed in machine components either on the long- or short-term of machine life-span based on the severity of oscillation. This in turn motivates researchers to find solutions to the vibration and its harmful influences through developing and creating isolation structures. The isolation is of high importance in reducing and controlling the high-amplitude vibration. Over the years, porous materials have been explored for vibration damping and isolation. Due to the closed feature and the non-uniformity in the structure, the porous materials fail to predict the vibration energy absorption and the associated oscillation behavior, as well as other the mechanical properties. However, the advent of additive manufacturing technology opens more avenues for developing structures with a unique combination of open, uniform, and periodically distributed unit cells. These structures are called metamaterials, which are very useful in the real-life applications since they exhibit good competence for attenuating the oscillation waves and controlling the vibration behavior, along with offering good mechanical properties. This study provides a review of the fundamentals of vibration with an emphasis on the isolation structures, like the porous materials (PM) and mechanical metamaterials, specifically periodic cellular structures (PCS) or lattice cellular structure (LCS). An overview, modeling, mechanical properties, and vibration methods of each material are discussed. In this regard, thorough explanation for damping enhancement using metamaterials is provided. Besides, the paper presents separate sections to shed the light on single and 3D bandgap structures. This study also highlights the advantage of metamaterials over the porous ones, thereby showing the future of using the metamaterials as isolators. In addition, theoretical works and other aspects of metamaterials are illustrated. To this end, remarks are explained and farther studies are proposed for researchers as future investigations in the vibration field to cover the weaknesses and gaps left in the literature.
Overexpression of lncRNAs with endogenous lengths and functions using a lncRNA delivery system based on transposon (2021)

Our study demonstrated that improper transcriptional termination from lentiviral vectors have fundamental effects on molecular action and cellular function of lncRNAs. The ELECTS system developed in this study will provide a convenient and reliable method for the lncRNA study.
Simulation of Nonlinear Wave Propagating over Periodic Seabed by Using Multi-layer Boussinesq Model (2008)

Numerical experiments based on multi-layer Boussinesq model developed by Lynett & Liu (2004) were performed to study nonlinear wave propagating over periodic seabed. Both one-layer and two-layer models were used. Our results indicate that no visible difference betweeen one-layer and two-layer model is found. Furthermore, to understand the nonlinear effect, the reflection coefficients due to periodic seabed are discussed for two different incident wave heights. Three methods including Goda & Suzuki (1976), Mansard & Funke (1980) and Lin & Huang (2004) for separating incident and reflecitve waves are adopd and compared. The results shows that it is necessary to include higher order term (nonlinear term) under certain circustances where the nonlinear interaction is important. When the vertical wall (total refelction) is considered at transmission side, it is found that the displacement at the wall can be as large as 5 times of incident wave height even under Bragg resonance conditions. This result suggests that the idea by using artifical periodic bars to protect the shoreline may need further consideration.
Study on the temporal coherence function of a femtosecond optical frequency comb (2009)

The interference measurement using the femtosecond optical frequency comb (FOFC) is in progress at present. We analyzed the temporal coherence function (TCF) of an FOFC since which is the fundamental description of the interference phenomenon. As a result, it has been understood that the same high coherence peak exists during the time which is equal to the repetitions interval in the traveling direction of the FOFC. The theoretical derivation has been used to model the TCF of an FOFC and shows good agreement with experimental measurements which is taken with a combination of an ordinary Michelson interferometer and an unbalanced optical-path Michelson interferometer.
GNSS-R altimeter based on delay-Doppler Maps (2015)

The GNSS-R concept is a well-known spaceborne remote sensing technique that, by exploiting GNSS signals reflected from the earth, allows performing simultaneous observations of the Earth on several points over a very wide swath, very promising for applications such as mesoscale altimetry. However, for a single observation on earth, due to the intrinsic low power transmitted by the GNSS satellites, this technique provides reduced performance when compared to conventional spaceborne radars. In order to overcome this limitation, an innovative processing and retracking concept for GNSS-R altimeters based on the acquisition of the full delay-Doppler Map has been recently proposed by the authors. This differs with respect to the conventional GNSS-R processing technique, which exploits only the zero-Doppler power waveform of the DDM. The proposed processing adapts the SAR delay-Doppler concept of spaceborne radar altimeters for use in a GNSS-R system. This processing yields additional multi-look with respect to conventional GNSS-R concepts, and translates into an improvement of the altimetry performance estimated to be up to 35% for practical cases with low SNR. The present paper, after a brief introduction of the delay-Doppler altimetry processing, focuses on the performance analysis of this technique when applied to the for the reference case of the proposed GNSS-R GEROS-ISS experiment to be embarked on the International Space Station.
Bladder Volume Sensing by Local Distension Measurement (1972)

Restoration of volitional control of the micturition reflex requires the use of bladder volume sensors. A method of measuring bladder volume by monitoring local distension has been developed in the laboratory. Tests conducted in experimental animals yielded 15 percent accuracy with bladder volume at micturition reflex threshold.
Towards a Multi-purpose Robotic Nursing Assistant (2021)

Robotic nursing aid is one of the heavily researched areas in robotics nowadays. Several robotic assistants exist that only focus on a specific function related to nurses assistance or functions related to patient aid. There is a need for a unified system that not only performs tasks that would assist nurses and reduce their burden but also perform tasks that help a patient. In recent times, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there is also an increase in the need for robotic assistants that have teleoperation capabilities to provide better protection against the virus spread. To address these requirements, we propose a novel Multi-purpose Intelligent Nurse Aid (MINA) robotic system that is capable of providing walking assistance to the patients and perform teleoperation tasks with an easy-to-use and intuitive Graphical User Interface (GUI). This paper also presents preliminary results from the walking assistant task that improves upon the current state-of-the-art methods and shows the developed GUI for teleoperation.
Initiation and Propagation of Microcracks in SNCM8 Steel Fatigued under Combined Axial Loading and Torsion (1978)

The behavior of initiation and propagation of cracks on quench-tempered SNCM8 steel fatigued under combined axial loading and torsion was investigated in particular relation to the inhomogeneity of metallurgical structure. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) An inhomogeneous structure was produced in the steel as a result of segregation of manganese and the lower hardness constituent of the structure determined the fatigue strength of the steel.(2) The stage 1 cracks tended to form along the maximum shear stress plane and to be more localized in the lower hardness constituents as τa/σa-ratio became higher, where τa and σa were shear stress and axial stress amplitudes, respectively.(3) The threshold amplitude of stress intensity for Mode I crack, KIath, was 5.07 MPa√m and that for Mode II crack, KIIath, was 12.4 MPa√m.(4) When τa/σa≤1/√3, the specimens were fractured by the preferential propagation of Mode I crack originating from non-metalic inclusions. The critical length of Mode I propagating crack at the fatigue limit was observed to be about 0.1 mm. This agreed with an estimation by using the KIath value. When τa/σa≥√3, the fatigue limit coyresponded to the critical stfess amplitude below which plastic strain amplitude was hardly detectable macroscopically.
Erratum: Randomised, open-label, phase II study of gemcitabine with and without IMM-101 for advanced pancreatic cancer (2016)

Correction to: British Journal of Cancer (2016) 115, 789–796. doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.271 Upon publication of the above paper in the British Journal of Cancer, the authors identified an error in one of their affiliations. The authors would like to apologise for this mistake. The correct affiliation forAndrés J Muñoz Martín is ‘Medical Oncology Service, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Experiences in Image-Based 3D Reconstruction of Underwater Environments (2013)

The 3D reconstruction of underwater environments have demonstrated its importance in many situations, especially in environments potentially harmful to human beings. Its is being used to reconstruct shipwrecks, coral reefs and expedition planning, documentation and study, as well as to make easier maintenance in structures lying in deep water. In this paper, a set of techniques previously tested is described and has its relevance explained in the matter of underwater 3D reconstruction. The results confirm the efficiency of the chosen techniques and it can be concluded that this framework can be applied to similar case studies without loss of generality.
DNA Cleavage Activity of Diazonium Salts: Chemical Nucleases (2003)

4-Fenoldiazonium tetrafluoroborate and 4-benzoicaciddiazonium tetrafluoroborate was prepared and was shown to be an effective DNA cleavage agent in the presence of the 1-electron donor copper(II) chloride. Its mechanism involves the generation of the aryl radical cleaving DNA by hydrogen atom abstraction from deoxyribose sugar.
Abstract 3467: Growth factor receptor trafficking in neuroblastoma differentiation (2018)

Abstract Background/Objectives: UBE4B is an E3/E4 ubiquitin ligase involved in growth factor receptor (GFR) trafficking. The UBE4B gene is located in the chromosome 1p36 region commonly deleted in high-risk neuroblastoma tumors. We have previously identified associations of UBE4B expression with neuroblastoma patient outcomes. However, the functional roles of UBE4B in neuroblastoma tumor differentiation are not known. Design/Methods: We analyzed the association of UBE4B gene expression with expression of known markers of neuroblastoma tumor differentiation using publicly available databases and screened cell lines and neuroblastoma tumor samples for UBE4B protein expression using Western blot and quantitative immunohistochemistry. We measured UBE4B expression by Western blot in cell lines before and after induction of differentiation with 13-cis-retinoic acid treatment and determined the effects of UBE4B overexpression and depletion on retinoic acid-induced differentiation using continuous live-cell imaging of neurite morphology, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot for markers of differentiation. Effects on signaling through the Ras/MAPK pathway were measured using Western blots. Results: UBE4B expression was associated with neuroblastoma differentiation in patient tumors, and UBE4B gene and protein expression were associated with expression levels of known markers of neuroblastoma differentiation. Retinoic acid treatment resulted in increased UBE4B expression in retinoic acid-sensitive, but not -resistant, neuroblastoma cells, and UBE4B depletion was associated with increased ERK phosphorylation, increased proliferation, and inhibition of retinoic acid-induced neuroblastoma differentiation. Conclusion: We have demonstrated associations between UBE4B expression and tumor differentiation in gene expression databases and in neuroblastoma tumor samples, and our data suggests that UBE4B expression is required for retinoic acid-induced differentiation, potentially through effects on activation of the Ras/MAPK pathway. These associations between UBE4B and neuroblastoma differentiation combined with the established role of UBE4B in GFR trafficking suggest that UBE4B-mediated receptor trafficking may contribute to the responses of neuroblastoma tumors to therapy and to the outcomes of patients with neuroblastoma. Citation Format: Jacqueline Lesperance, Divya Subramonian, Sarah Woodfield, Rongjun Guo, Andrew Bean, Dolores Lopez-Terrada, Michael Ittmann, Sara Hakim, Peter E. Zage. Growth factor receptor trafficking in neuroblastoma differentiation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3467.