gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Domain word translation by space-frequency analysis of context length histograms (2002)

We report a new statistical feature relating a bilingual word pair in a non-parallel English-Chinese corpus. It is found that the lengths of context segments of a word are closely correlated to that of the translation, even when the corpus is non-parallel, i.e., monolingual texts which are not translations of each other. The context segment length histogram of a word has a characteristic pattern and corresponds to that of its translation. If a word appears most frequently in long segments, its translation is found to be most likely occurring in long segments. One way to match these histograms is to first extract their salient shape characteristics by space-frequency analysis and then match them against each other using dynamic time warping. The results of matching can be used in combination with other statistical features to bootstrap a word or term translation algorithm from non-parallel corpora.
Fast and Slow Planning (2023)

The concept of Artificial Intelligence has gained a lot of attention over the last decade. In particular, AI-based tools have been employed in several scenarios and are, by now, pervading our everyday life. Nonetheless, most of these systems lack many capabilities that we would naturally consider to be included in a notion of "intelligence". In this work, we present an architecture that, inspired by the cognitive theory known as Thinking Fast and Slow by D. Kahneman, is tasked with solving planning problems in different settings, specifically: classical and multi-agent epistemic. The system proposed is an instance of a more general AI paradigm, referred to as SOFAI (for Slow and Fast AI). SOFAI exploits multiple solving approaches, with different capabilities that characterize them as either fast or slow, and a metacognitive module to regulate them. This combination of components, which roughly reflects the human reasoning process according to D. Kahneman, allowed us to enhance the reasoning process that, in this case, is concerned with planning in two different settings. The behavior of this system is then compared to state-of-the-art solvers, showing that the newly introduced system presents better results in terms of generality, solving a wider set of problems with an acceptable trade-off between solving times and solution accuracy.
Gridmedia: A Practical Peer-to-Peer Based Live Video Streaming System (2005)

In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of a peer-to-peer based live video streaming system called Gridmedia. Gridmedia organizes the nodes into an unstructured overlay, and adopts a novel push-pull streaming mechanism to fetch data from the partner nodes. The pull mode in the unstructured overlay can work well with the high churn rate in P2P environment while the push mode can efficiently reduce the accumulated latency at user side. We also depict our practical solution of traversal over network address translators (NATs) and firewalls. Gridmedia was adopted by CCTV to broadcast the CCTV Spring Festival Gala 2005 through Internet and attracted more than 500,000 users all over the world during that night, with the maximum amount of concurrent users reaches as high as 15,239
Guaranteeing Safety of Learned Perception Modules via Measurement-Robust\n Control Barrier Functions (2020)

Modern nonlinear control theory seeks to develop feedback controllers that\nendow systems with properties such as safety and stability. The guarantees\nensured by these controllers often rely on accurate estimates of the system\nstate for determining control actions. In practice, measurement model\nuncertainty can lead to error in state estimates that degrades these\nguarantees. In this paper, we seek to unify techniques from control theory and\nmachine learning to synthesize controllers that achieve safety in the presence\nof measurement model uncertainty. We define the notion of a Measurement-Robust\nControl Barrier Function (MR-CBF) as a tool for determining safe control inputs\nwhen facing measurement model uncertainty. Furthermore, MR-CBFs are used to\ninform sampling methodologies for learning-based perception systems and\nquantify tolerable error in the resulting learned models. We demonstrate the\nefficacy of MR-CBFs in achieving safety with measurement model uncertainty on a\nsimulated Segway system.\n
Querying network directories (1999)

Heirarchically structured directories have recently proliferated with the growth of the Internet, and are being used to store not only address books and contact information for people, but also personal profiles, network resource information, and network and service policies. These systems provide a means for managing scale and heterogeneity, while allowing for conceptual unity and autonomy across multiple directory servers in the network, in a way for superior to what conventional relational or object-oriented databases offer. Yet, in deployed systems today, much of the data is modeled in an ad hoc manner, and many of the more sophisticated “queries” involve navigational access. In this paper, we develop the core of a formal data model for network directories, and propose a sequence of efficiently computable query languages with increasing expressive power. The directory data model can naturally represent rich forms of heterogeneity exhibited in the real world. Answers to queries expressible in our query languages can exhibit the same kinds of heterogeneity. We present external memory algorithms for the evaluation of queries posed in our directory query languages, and prove the efficiency of each algorithm in terms of its I/O complexity. Our data model and query languages share the flexibility and utility of the recent proposals for semi-structured data models, while at the same time effectively addressing the specific needs of network directory applications, which we demonstrate by means of a representative real-life example.
Automated extraction of ejection fraction for quality measurement using regular expressions in Unstructured Information Management Architecture (UIMA) for heart failure (2012)

An automated information extraction system can be used to accurately extract EF for quality measurement.
On the Variability of the Low-Frequency Noise in UTBOX SOI nMOSFETs (2012)

The variability of the low-frequency (LF) noise in n-channel MOSFETs fabricated on an Ultra Thin Buried Oxide (UTBOX) Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) substrate has been studied and compared with the variability in the threshold voltage and low-field mobility of the same devices. No correlation has been found between the noise magnitude and the DC parameters, suggesting that the traps responsible for the current fluctuations do not affect the latter. A possible explanation is that the LF noise is dominated by Generation-Recombination (GR) centers in the silicon film, which have less impact on the drain current.
Physical programming (2002)

Physical interactive environments can come in many forms: museum installations, amusement parks, experimental theaters, and more. Programming these environments has historically been done by adults, and children, as the visiting participants, have been offered few pre-created choices to explore. Given these creative limitations, the goal of our research has been to develop programming tools for physical interactive environments that are appropriate for use by young children (ages 4-6). We have explored numerous design approaches over the past two years. Recently we began focusing on a "physical programming" approach and developed a wizard-of-oz prototype for young children. This paper presents the motivation for this research, the evolution of our programming approach, and our recent explorations with children
Helicobacter pyloriand cholesterol gallstone formation in C57L/J mice: a prospective study (2005)

Recently, we demonstrated that cholesterol gallstone-prone C57L/J mice rarely develop gallstones unless they are infected with certain cholelithogenic enterohepatic Helicobacter species. Because the common gastric pathogen H. pylori has been identified in the hepatobiliary tree of cholesterol gallstone patients, we wanted to ascertain if H. pylori is cholelithogenic, by prospectively studying C57L infected mice fed a lithogenic diet. Weanling, Helicobacter spp.-free male C57L mice were either infected with H. pylori SS1 or sham dosed. Mice were then fed a lithogenic diet (1.0% cholesterol, 0.5% cholic acid, and 15% dairy triglycerides) for 8 wk. At 16 wk of age, mice were euthanatized, the biliary phenotype was analyzed microscopically, and tissues were analyzed histopathologically. H. pylori infection did not promote cholesterol monohydrate crystal formation (20% vs. 10%), sandy stone formation (0% for both), or true gallstone formation (20%) compared with uninfected mice fed the lithogenic diet (10%). Additionally, H. pylori failed to stimulate mucin gel accumulation in the gallbladder or alter gallbladder size compared with uninfected animals. H. pylori-infected C57L mice developed moderate to severe gastritis by 12 wk, and the lithogenic diet itself produced lesions in the forestomach, which were exacerbated by the infection. We conclude that H. pylori infection does not play any role in murine cholesterol gallstone formation. Nonetheless, the C57L mouse develops severe lesions of both the glandular and nonglandular stomach in response to H. pylori infection and the lithogenic diet, respectively.
Optimal ordering regions under joint replenishmnet (1985)

HD28 .M414 no.1661-, 85,
T cell subpopulation phenotypes in filarial infections: CD27 negativity defines a population greatly enriched for Th2 cells (1994)

Three-color flow cytometric analysis was used to define surface markers which identify the Th2-type CD4+ cells responsible for the eosinophilia and elevated serum IgE typical of tissue invasive helminth infections. A group of six mAbs to well known cell surface markers were screened for differential expression on CD4+ CD45RO+ lymphocytes from normal individuals (NL; n = 6) and filaria-infected patients (PT; n = 10). The majority of markers were expressed equally by both groups, but the CD4+ CD45RO+ cells in the PTs showed significantly higher levels of expression of HLA-DR than those of NLs (P = 0.014). This CD4+ HLA-DR+ subpopulation was then studied further for its expression of an additional 10 activation and adhesion molecules. CD27 showed a trend for lower intensities of expression on PT CD4+ HLA-DR+ cells than on those of NLs. Analysis of the serum from both NLs and PTs revealed that PTs had significantly higher levels of soluble CD27 and CD25 (IL-2R) in the serum than NLs (P < 0.01 and P = 0.022 respectively) indicating a general state of immune activation and differentiation. Functional analysis of the CD4+ HLA-DR+ and the CD4+ CD27- subpopulations revealed that the CD4+ HLA-DR+ cells produced significantly higher levels of IL-5 than the CD4+ HLA-DR- cells (P = 0.04), and the CD4+ CD27- cells produced significantly higher levels of both IL-4 and IL-5 than the CD4+ CD27+ cells (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001 respectively). Thus, while the CD4+ CD27- and CD27+ subpopulations contain Th1 and Th0 cells, only the CD4+ CD27- population contains the Th2 cells (producing both IL-4 and IL-5).
Habitable Atmospheres for Undersea Craft (1967)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Highly complex mixtures of organic vapor pollutants are found in the atmospheres of both nuclear submarines and SeaLab II. There are continuing sources of these and they must be removed by proper use of activated carbon or by catalytic burning. In both craft the concentration of methane increases with time because it is not removed easily and there are continuing sources. Tobacco smoking in submarines generates large quantities of carbon monoxide which is catalytically burned. Its presence in significant quantities in SeaLab II is not fully explained. The low oxygen concentration in SeaLab precludes fires.&lt;/div&gt;
Differential daily expression of Per1 and Per2 mRNA in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of fetal and early postnatal mice (2001)

It is well known that there are circadian rhythms of 2-deoxyglucose uptake and neuronal firing in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) during fetal and early postnatal periods. A core clock mechanism in the mouse SCN appears to involve a transcriptional feedback loop in which CLOCK and BMAL1 function as positive regulators and three mPeriod (mPer) genes play a role in negative feedback. Per genes expression occurs not only in the adult SCN but also in the fetal SCN. However, the developmental change in these genes remains unclear. In this experiment, we examined the day--night pattern of expression of Per1 and Per2 mRNA in the mouse SCN and cerebral cortex on embryonic day 17, postnatal day 3, and in young adult mice under a light-dark cycle. Daily rhythms of mRNA content were observed in mPer1 but not mPer2 in the fetal SCN. Interestingly, the expression of mPer2 in the SCN was high throughout the entire day, and a significant daily rhythm of this gene was observed on postnatal day 6. The expression pattern of SCN mPer1 in constant darkness was similar to that seen in the light-dark cycle. The present results suggest that the daily oscillation of mPer1 but not of mPer2 in the SCN in fetal and early postnatal mice may be associated with the daily rhythms of 2-deoxyglucose uptake and neuronal firing.
Testing of CoTreat Inorganic Ion Exchange Media for the Removal of 60Co from Thorp Pond Water (2003)

CoTreat, a new inorganic ion exchange media, has been studied in the laboratory to support its application as a pre- coat to existing Funda filters in THORP feed pond plant (Sellafield, UK). This is a novel way of application of CoTreat, which is usually utilized in fixed-bed ion exchange columns in a granular form. The results present the effect of operating conditions (CoTreat dose, pond water chemistry) on CoTreat performance for the removal of Co-57 tracer from simulated pond water. Major findings include the strong dependence of Co-57 decontamination factor (DF) on feed activity. At the 200 Bq/L feed level, the observed DF was 10-20 but rose to 1000 and above when the feed level was increased to 20000 Bq/L. Calcium present in the feed was found to decrease the DF at concentrations higher than 1 ppm. The laboratory studies showed significantly higher DF's than what has been observed in large-scale THORP tests. This discrepancy is likely to be due to the technique used in applying the Co Treat layer to the Thorp HEFP Funda filter. Options for improving Co Treat performance (i.e. application technique) under Funda filter operating conditions are being investigated by BNFL based on this laboratory work.
Epidural Anesthesia and Analgesia for Skin Grafting (2003)

Epidural Anesthesia and Analgesia for Skin Grafting Get access C. Schmitz, RN, MS, C. Schmitz, RN, MS 1University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Deering, RN, S. Deering, RN 1University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. P. Ford, MD, M. P. Ford, MD 1University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Schurr, MD, FACS, M. Schurr, MD, FACS 1University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. A. Meyer, MD N. A. Meyer, MD 1University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Journal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation, Volume 24, Issue suppl_2, March-April 2003, Page S82, https://doi.org/10.1097/00004630-200303002-00080 Published: 01 March 2003
Cu2O Nanocubes Catalyzed Difunctionalization Reaction of Vinyl Arenes with Cyclic Ethers (2010)

Metal nanoparticles whose sizes are between those of bulk and monomeric metal species have a wide range of applications; such nanoparticles are used in various electronic, optical, and magnetic devices as well as in the production of catalytic ma-terials. Transition-metal nanoparticles are an important class of catalysts used in organic synthesis.
Novel Role of the Serine Protease Inhibitor Elafin in Gluten-Related Disorders (2014)

The decreased elafin expression in the small intestine of patients with active CD, the reduction of 33-mer peptide deamidation by elafin, coupled to the barrier enhancing and anti-inflammatory effects observed in gluten-sensitive mice, suggest that this molecule may have pathophysiological and therapeutic importance in gluten-related disorders.
Outcomes of Solid Organ Transplants After Simultaneous Solid Organ and Vascularized Composite Allograft Procurements (2016)

Facial VCA procurement does not appear to adversely affect the outcomes of transplant recipients of concomitantly recovered solid organ allografts.
Functional outcome after open supracondylar fractures of the humerus (2000)

We reviewed 26 patients who had had internal fixation of an open intra-articular supracondylar fracture of the humerus. All operations were performed using a posterior approach, 13 with a triceps split and 13 with an olecranon osteotomy. The outcome was assessed by means of the Mayo Elbow score, the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score and the SF-36 Physical Function score. Patients with an olecranon osteotomy had less good results.
TIC10/ONC201: a bend in the road to clinical development (2015)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) –related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is an immuno-surveillance cytokine that is expressed in various tissues and cells [1, 2]. The expression of TRAIL on immune cells plays a role in immune surveillance in the prevention of tumors and metastasis [3]. TRAIL is attractive as an anti-tumor agent because of its capability to induce apoptosis in cancer cells by activating death receptors 4 and 5 (DR4 and DR5) with little toxicity against normal cells [2]. Despite its robust cell killing of tumor cells in vitro, efficacy of TRAIL receptor agonists has been limited in clinical trials, and this limited activity is thought to be due to lack of reliable predictive biomarkers of sensitivity and drug properties that limit efficacy such as short serum half-life, stability, and bio-distribution [3, 4].
Physical characteristics of the Gulf Stream as an indicator of the quality of large-scale circulation modeling (2016)

The general idea of this work is to show that the efficiency of modeling boundary currents (compared to the results of observations) can serve as an indicator of correctness for the modeling of the entire large-scale ocean circulation. The results of calculation of the mean surface currents in the Gulf Stream area based on direct measurements from drifters are presented together with the results of numerical modeling of variability of the Gulf Stream transport at 33°N over the period 2005–2014 based on data from Argo profiling buoys.
Cluster Headache Genomewide Association Study and Meta‐Analysis Identifies Eight Loci and Implicates Smoking as Causal Risk Factor (2023)

This first genomewide association study meta-analysis gives clues to the biological basis of cluster headache and indicates that smoking is a causal risk factor. ANN NEUROL 2023;94:713-726.
Notice of Removal Light trapping in isotextured silicon wafers (2017)

Removed.
Startup of an industrial adiabatic tubular reactor (1992)

Abstract The dynamic behaviour of an adiabatic tubular plant reactor during the startup is demonstrated, together with the impact of a feed‐pump failure of one of the reactants. A dynamic model of the reactor system is presented, and the system response is calculated as a function of experimentally‐determined, time‐dependent, manipulated variables. The values of model parameters are estimated by using the SimuSolv (1991) computer program. The data set collected during the reactor start‐up is used for the parameter estimation procedure. An excellent agreement is obtained between the experimental and the calculated system response. Many continuously‐operated commercial reactors require a complete conversion of one of the main reactants at the reactor exit. It is shown that for an industrial tubular reactor a much higher initial reactor temperature is required during the startup, compared to the reactor inlet temperature during normal steady‐state operation, to ensure a complete reactant conversion. Much more research is necessary to determine whether this is a generally valid rule.
Neutrophil, Not Macrophage, Infiltration Precedes Neointimal Thickening in Balloon-Injured Arteries (2000)

Macrophages are abundant after stent-induced arterial injury. Inhibition of macrophage recruitment blocks neointimal growth in this model. In contrast, after superficial injury from balloon endothelial denudation, macrophages are sparse. However, many anti-inflammatory therapies remain effective against neointimal growth after balloon injury. To investigate further the role of leukocytes after injury, 41 New Zealand White rabbits underwent iliac artery balloon denudation. In 18, subcutaneous pumps were placed to deliver intravenous heparin (0.3 mg/kg per hour). Arteries were harvested at 6 hours and at 3, 7, and 14 days. In 8 animals, either M1/70 (a monoclonal antibody [mAb] against adhesion molecule Mac-1) or a nonspecific IgG was given (5 mg/kg IV bolus and then 1 mg/kg SC QOD), and arteries were harvested at 6 hours and 3 days. Computer-aided morphometry was performed as was immunohistochemistry to assess smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation (bromodeoxyuridine-positive cells), neutrophil content (RPN357, mAb against rabbit neutrophil/thymocyte), and macrophage content (RAM-11, mAb against rabbit macrophage). Heparin inhibited neointimal growth at 7 and 14 days (64% and 32.5% reduction, respectively; P:<0.05). Neutrophils were observed in the media early after balloon injury, and heparin and M1/70 inhibited this infiltration (82% and 83% reduction, respectively; P:<0.05 each) with a coincident inhibition of medial SMC proliferation at 3 days (49% and 84% reduction, respectively; P:<0.05 each). Macrophages were absent at all time points. Neutrophil, but not macrophage, infiltration occurs early after endothelial denudation. Inhibition of this process is associated with a reduction in medial SMC proliferation. These data suggest a central role for neutrophils in restenosis and help to explain prior reports of an inhibitory effect of anti-inflammatory therapies on neointimal growth after balloon injury.
High slew rate large bandwidth integrated dc SQUID magnetometer for NMR applications (1995)

We have developed an integrated dc SQUID magnetometer, with additional positive feedback (APF) unmodulated SQUID electronics system for low frequency true NMR applications. We constructed our SQUID circuit using an 11-layer Nb/Al/AlO/sub x//Nb process. Our design modifies previous APF approaches by incorporating selectable, high resolution on-chip feedback resistance. The on-chip resistance selection allows us to maximize the SQUID gain, dV/d/spl Phi/, at the operating point. With the use of APF we have achieved a slew rate greater than 10/sup 6/ /spl Phi//sub 0//s, and a bandwidth of approximately 300 kHz, which is suitable for sensitive NMR measurements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>