gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extracting minimal unsatisfiable subformulas in satisfiability modulo theories (2011)

Explaining the causes of infeasibility of formulas has practical applications in various fields, such as formal verification and electronic design automation. A minimal unsatisfiable subformula provides a succinct explanation of infeasibility and is valuable for applications. The problem of deriving minimal unsatisfiable cores from Boolean formulas has been addressed rather frequently in recent years. However little attention has been concentrated on extraction of unsatisfiable subformulas in Satisfiability Modulo Theories(SMT). In this paper, we propose a depth-firstsearch algorithm and a breadth-first-search algorithm to compute minimal unsatisfiable cores in SMT, adopting different searching strategy. We report and analyze experimental results obtaining from a very extensive test on SMT-LIB benchmarks.
Artificial Intelligence System for College Students’ Physical Fitness and Health Management Based on Physical Measurement Big Data (2021)

Most of the current health management products are used in medical institutions and generally do not pay enough attention to the student population. Based on this, this paper designs a student‐oriented and functional autonomous health management system. This paper proposes a personal health management system based on a multidimensional data model based on the main social characteristics of the population with chronic diseases and the actual needs of personal health management for chronic diseases. The value of various health data for health management is deeply analyzed and mined, and a multidimensional model data warehouse is constructed according to relevant national health data standards to create a standard data platform for intelligent health warning and disease risk assessment. This paper researches and designs a closed‐loop personal health management method based on the Plan‐Do‐Check‐Action (PDCA) cycle management model, with detailed functional design in four aspects: health data collection and recording, health assessment, health planning, and tracking and execution. This paper researches health data collection, processing, and storage technologies and adopts HDFS data storage technology, html, css, Java Script, java, and other software development technologies, combined with j Query, UEditor, Date Range Picker, and other plug‐ins, as well as SMS email generation interface, wireless Bluetooth transmission interface, etc. This system web and mobile application platforms are designed and developed. Relational database is used as the system database, and a snowflake‐type multidimensional data model is designed. Finally, the functions and performance of this system were tested, and the development and trial run of the basic version have been completed.
Color image enhancement based on fuzzy multiple-scale Retinex (2012)

Based on the assumption of spatially smooth illuminant, traditional Retinex enhancement methods suffer the existence of halo artifacts. According to its drawback, add to the advantage of MSRCR, a fuzzy multiple-scale Retinex color image enhancement method is proposed. The new Retinex method restricts the center/surround spatially contrast operation in region with homogeneous illumination. Experimental results demonstrate that the method efficiently reduces halo artifacts. Meanwhile, it uses an adaptive Gaussian mask to reduce the computational time. Experimental results are given to show its effectiveness.
McsB Is a Protein Arginine Kinase That Phosphorylates and Inhibits the Heat-Shock Regulator CtsR (2009)

All living organisms face a variety of environmental stresses that cause the misfolding and aggregation of proteins. To eliminate damaged proteins, cells developed highly efficient stress response and protein quality control systems. We performed a biochemical and structural analysis of the bacterial CtsR/McsB stress response. The crystal structure of the CtsR repressor, in complex with DNA, pinpointed key residues important for high-affinity binding to the promoter regions of heat-shock genes. Moreover, biochemical characterization of McsB revealed that McsB specifically phosphorylates arginine residues in the DNA binding domain of CtsR, thereby impairing its function as a repressor of stress response genes. Identification of the CtsR/McsB arginine phospho-switch expands the repertoire of possible protein modifications involved in prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcriptional regulation.
Analysis of longitudinal sections of retinal vessels using Doppler OCT (2020)

We present a new method for imaging retinal vessels that provides both structural and hemodynamic information. Our technique is based on a single beam OCT system with an integrated retinal tracker that enables recording of arbitrary scan patterns. We record longitudinal sections along the traces of retinal vessels. The tracker function enables the acquisition of multiple longitudinal sections along the same trace to provide high-quality averaged OCT scans as well as temporal changes of flow dynamics. The vessel walls are clearly identified as narrow, bright lines from which the vessel diameter can be retrieved as a function of position along the vessel. Furthermore, the Doppler angle can be obtained at each position along the vessel trace, enabling measurement of absolute blood flow by Doppler OCT analysis. The method is demonstrated in flow phantoms and <i>in-vivo</i> on retinal vessel bifurcations in healthy volunteers. In 7 of 9 imaged bifurcations, measured in- and outflow deviate by less than 11%, demonstrating the consistency of the method.
Premature Ovarian Failure Is Not Premature Menopause (2000)

Normal menopause occurs at an average age of 50 and results from ovarian follicle depletion. Normal menopause is an irreversible condition, whereas premature ovarian failure is characterized by intermittent ovarian function in half of these young women. These young women produce estrogen intermittently and sometimes even ovulate despite the presence of high gonadotropin levels. Indeed, pregnancy has occurred after a diagnosis of premature ovarian failure. On pelvic ultrasound examination, follicles were equally likely to be detected in patients more than 6 years after a diagnosis of premature ovarian failure as in patients less than 6 years after the diagnosis. Thus, the probability of detecting a follicle appears to remain stable during the normal reproductive lifespan of these young women. Indeed, pregnancy was reported in a 44-year-old woman 16 years after a diagnosis of premature ovarian failure. No treatment to restore fertility in patients with premature ovarian failure has proved to be safe and effective in prospective controlled studies. Theoretically, these unproved therapies might even prevent one of these spontaneous pregnancies from occurring.
Performance, histomorphology, and Toll-like receptor, chemokine, and cytokine profile locally and systemically in broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with yeast-derived macromolecules (2013)

The turnover of intestinal epithelial cells is a dynamic process that includes adequate cell proliferation and maturation in the presence of microbiota and migration and seeding of immune cells in early gut development in chickens. We studied the effect of yeast-derived macromolecules (YDM) on performance, gut health, and immune system gene expression in the intestine of broiler chickens. One thousand eighty 1-d-old birds, with 60 birds per pen and 6 pens per treatment, were randomly assigned to 3 treatment diets; a diet containing monensin (control), control diet supplemented with bacitracin methylene disalycylate (BMD), and BMD diet supplemented with YDM. Feed intake, BW, mortality, ileum histomorphology, and gene expression of Toll-like receptors (TLR2b, TLR4, and TLR21), cytokines [interferon (IFN)-γ, IFN-β, IL-12p35, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-8, IL-2, IL-4, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β4], and cluster of differentiation (CD)40 in the ileum, cecal tonsil, bursa of Fabricius, and spleen were assessed. No significant overall difference in performance in terms of feed intake, BW gain, and G:F was observed among treatments (P > 0.05). The YDM diet resulted in significantly higher villi height and villi height:crypt depth ratio compared with BMD and control diets (P < 0.05). A significantly lower mortality was observed in the YDM treatment compared with both control and BMD treatments. Compared with the control, gene expression analysis in YDM treatment showed no major change in response in the ileum, whereas higher CD40, IFN-β, IL-β, IL-6, TGF-β4, IL-2, and IL-4 in the cecal tonsil; TLR2b, TLR4, TLR21, and TGF-β4 in the bursa of Fabricius; and TLR4, IL-12p35, IFN-γ, TGF-β4, and IL-4 in the spleen was observed (P < 0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of YDM supports pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine production via T helper type 1 and 2 (Th1 and Th2) cell-associated pathways both locally and systemically with a stronger additive effect in the cecal tonsil in the presence of BMD in the diet of chickens.
UVA Induces Granzyme B in Human Keratinocytes through MIF (2007)

In a previous study, we have described that UVB induces granzyme B (GrB) in human keratinocyte cells, and that confers potent cellular cytotoxicity against various cellular models, including immune cells (Hernandez-Pigeon, H., Jean, C., Charruyer, A., Haure, M. J., Titeux, M., Tonasso, L., Quillet-Mary, A., Baudouin, C., Charveron, M., and Laurent, G. (2006) J. Biol. Chem. 281, 13525-13532). Herein, we have found that, in contrast to UVB, UVA failed to enhance keratinocyte cellular cytotoxicity but was still able to trigger GrB production. We show that GrB is accumulated through a p38 MAPK-dependent transcriptional mechanism stimulated by redox-dependent migration inhibitory factor release. Moreover, GrB purified from UVA-treated cellular extracts was found to degrade fibronectin in vitro. Treatment with antisense oligonucleotide directed against GrB resulted in the inhibition of UVA-induced cell detachment and cell death and facilitated cell migration through fibronectin and vitronectin matrix upon UVA exposure. Altogether, these results suggest another function for GrB in the context of the UV response. Indeed, combined with our previous study, it appears that, whereas this enzyme mediates keratinocyte cellular cytotoxicity following UVB irradiation, GrB supports the capacity of keratinocyte to degrade extracellular matrix components following UVA irradiation. UV-mediated GrB production may thus have important consequences in photoaging and photocarcinogenesis.
Étude des modes propres et de la réponse forcée d’une éolienne offshore flottante soumise à une houle de direction croisée par rapport à celle du vent (2011)

Cette étude présente une analyse dynamique d’un ensemble composé d’une éolienne, d’un flotteur, et d’un système d’ancrage, afin d’étudier l’influence sur le système, d’une direction de houle croisée par rapport à celle du vent. Les efforts hydrodynamiques sont calculés par la théorie linéaire en domaine fréquentiel. Les efforts aérodynamiques sont pris en compte en augmentant l’amortissement et la raideur hydrodynamique par un amortissement aérodynamique et une raideur gyroscopique. Une analyse modale du système permet de connaître les fréquences propres et les modes propres du système amorti. Ceci permet d’expliquer les mouvements couplés obtenus en régime forcé ; en particulier cela permet de comprendre quels modes sont excités par quelles fréquences et quelles directions de houle.
ChemInform Abstract: Double Anionic Cycloaromatization of 2‐(6‐Substituted‐3‐hexene‐1,5‐diynyl)benzonitriles Initiated by Methoxide Addition. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Enhancement of CeO2modified commercial SCR catalyst for synergistic mercury removal from coal combustion flue gas (2020)

CeO<sub>2</sub> modified commercial SCR (selective catalytic reduction) catalysts with different CeO<sub>2</sub> content were prepared and researched for synergistic mercury removal from coal combustion flue gas in this study. The characterization analyses on the catalysts indicated that the introduction of CeO<sub>2</sub> increased the surface area, the dispersity of the metal oxides on the TiO<sub>2</sub> support and the redox behavior of the catalyst, which was beneficial to the catalytic activity. The experimental results confirmed that the CeO<sub>2</sub> loading improved the catalytic efficiencies over the commercial SCR catalyst. The catalyst with a CeO<sub>2</sub> content of 4% displayed the optimal performance for NO and synergistic Hg<sup>0</sup> removal, of which the NO conversion and Hg<sup>0</sup> removal efficiency reached 90.5% and 78.2%, respectively, at 300 °C in simulated coal-fired flue gas. The Hg<sup>0</sup> removal activity, the independence of Hg<sup>0</sup> removal from HCl concentration and the effects of SO<sub>2</sub>, NO and NH<sub>3</sub> on Hg<sup>0</sup> removal efficiency all became positive over the modified catalyst compared to over the raw one, which was mainly due to the sufficient chemisorbed oxygen derived from the synergy of V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> and CeO<sub>2</sub> and the redox transformation between Ce<sup>3+</sup> and Ce<sup>4+</sup> on the catalyst surface. The CeO<sub>2</sub> modification generated a significant enhancement on the catalytic performance and made the commercial SCR catalyst more suitable to be employed for NO and synergistic mercury removal in a coal combustion power plant.
A new unambiguous acquisition algorithm for BOC(n,n) signals (2014)

In this paper, a side-peak cancellation unambiguous acquisition technique is proposed for BOC(n,n) signals. The new test criterion used in this technique is based on a synthesized correlation function which is implemented by producing two different phase pseudorandom noise (PN) code, after shifting with the prompt PN code. In addition, the energy of the correlation function can be better accumulated with the code Doppler compensation. Theoretical and simulation results show that this technique completely removes the ambiguity threat in acquisition process, and the acquisition sensitivity is improved.
Use of frozen-thawed oocytes for efficient production of normal offspring from cryopreserved mouse spermatozoa showing low fertility. (2005)

Freezing of spermatozoa and unfertilized oocytes is a useful tool for the conservation of mouse genetic resources. However, the proportion of frozen-thawed oocytes fertilized with spermatozoa in vitro is low because spermatozoa, especially those frozen-thawed, can not penetrate into oocytes because of hardening of the zona pellucida following premature release of cortical granules. To produce offspring efficiently from cryopreserved transgenic mouse gametes, we fertilized frozen-thawed gametes by using intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and assessed pre- and postimplantation development of embryos. Compared with fresh unfertilized oocytes, frozen-thawed unfertilized oocytes were highly tolerant to damage by injection, as the survival rates after injection of frozen spermatozoa were 51 and 78%, respectively. Frozen-thawed oocytes that survived after sperm injection developed normally to the blastocyst stage and gave rise to offspring. Moreover, offspring with transgenes also were obtained from frozen gametes fertilized by ICSI. These results demonstrate that ICSI is an efficient technique for producing offspring from transgenic spermatozoa showing low fertility and that use of frozen-thawed oocytes leads to conservation of genetic resources because suboptimally preserved gametes are not wasted.
Optical mapping as a routine tool for bacterial genome sequence finishing (2007)

Our experience suggests that routine use of optical mapping in bacterial genome sequence finishing is warranted. When combined with data produced through 454 sequencing, an optical map can rapidly and inexpensively generate an ordered and oriented set of contigs to produce a nearly complete genome sequence assembly.
Selective Requirement for Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 in the Generation of Specific Hypothalamic Neuronal Sub-types (2021)

ABSTRACT The hypothalamus displays staggering cellular diversity, chiefly established during embryogenesis by the interplay of several signalling pathways and a battery of transcription factors. However, the contribution of epigenetic cues to hypothalamus development remains unclear. We mutated the Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 gene Eed in the developing mouse hypothalamus, which resulted in the loss of H3K27me3; a fundamental epigenetic repressor mark. This triggered ectopic expression of posteriorly expressed regulators (e.g., Hox homeotic genes), upregulation of cell cycle inhibitors and reduced proliferation. Surprisingly, despite these effects, single cell transcriptomic analysis revealed that the majority of neuronal subtypes were still generated in Eed mutants. However, we observed an increase in Glutamatergic/GABAergic double-positive cells, as well as loss/reduction of dopamine, Hypocretin/Orexin and Tac2 neurons. These findings indicate that many aspects of the hypothalamic gene regulatory flow can proceed without the key H3K27me3 epigenetic repressor mark, and points to a unique sensitivity of particular neuronal sub-types to a disrupted epigenomic landscape.
A New Methodology to Estimate Drug Cost Avoidance in Clinical Trials: Development and Application (2022)

We describe a standardized method to estimate drug cost avoidance in clinical trials. We have applied it to all ongoing oncology clinical trials in our center. This methodology could be valuable for other centers to analyze the potential saving of clinical trials.
Hu Ying. Tales of translation : composing the new woman in China, 1899-1918 (2002)

Reconstructing China's modernization process is like putting together a jigsaw puzzle.Scholars in the humanities and social sciences alike have taken various approaches to assemble a complete picture of how China has striven to modernize.Included in these efforts is the examination of how China reimagined and subsequently reinvented its womankind.This modern female personage, known as xin nuxing, had inspired many women of the May Fourth era to embrace independence and political and social activism.Those who immediately come to our mind are: Lu Xiaoman, Bai Yang, Bai Wei, the Song sisters, Chen Boer, as well as Taiwan's Xie Xuehong and Hong Kong's Yan Shanshan, to name only a handful.
11—THE DRYING OF TEXTILE FABRICS. PART II: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AIR-MOISTURE CONTENT AND FABRIC TEMPERATURE (1974)

The measurement of fabric temperatures by contact methods during drying is shown to give an unreliable estimate of the moisture content of the air in equilibrium with the fabric because the contacting device behaves as an improperly wetted wet bulb. Automatic control systems depending on such measurement to regulate drying in a tenter are therefore unsatisfactory.
A Review on Flexural Properties of Wood-Plastic Composites (2022)

Wood-plastic composite (WPC) is a kind of composite material that is made of plastic and wood fiber or wood powder. Because it is mothproof, is resistant to corrosion, and has plasticity, among other advantages, it has been researched and used increasingly in building materials. The flexural property of WPC is an important subject in evaluating its mechanical properties. In this paper, wood-plastic raw materials and processing technology are introduced; the internal and external factors of WPC which affect the flexural properties are analyzed; the different ways of enhancing the bending capacity, including the surface pretreatment, addition of different modifiers (compatibility agent and coupling agent) etc. are summarized; and the methods of operation and strengthening effect are analyzed. This work provides a reference for further research in related fields.
The Synthesis and Potential Use of Cyclic Phosphinic Acid Derivatives (2014)

AbstractDirect derivatizations, such as esterification and amidation of 1-hydroxy-3-methyl-3-phospholene oxide and subsequent transformations including ring enlargement of the phosphinates, and phosphorylation of the phosphinic amides so obtained are described.Keywords: Phosphinic acid derivativesP-heterocyclesmicrowavering expansionimides
BETA-CELL APOPTOSIS IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF IDDM IN THE MULTIPLE LOW-DOSE STREPTOZOTOCIN MODEL (1996)

Although insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from irreversible loss of beta cells, the mode of cell death responsible for this loss has not previously been categorized. In this study, the multiple low-dose streptozotocin (stz) model (intraperitoneal injection of stz at a concentration of 40 mg/kg body weight per day for five consecutive days) was used to investigate beta-cell death during the development of IDDM in male C57B1/6 mice. Apoptotic cells were evident by light microscopy within the islets of Langerhans of treated animals from day 2 (the day of the second stz injection) until day 17. Immunohistochemical localization of insulin to the dying cells confirmed the beta-cell origin of the apoptosis. Two peaks in the incidence of beta-cell apoptosis occurred: the first at day 5, which corresponded to an increase in blood glucose concentration, and the second at day 11, when lymphocytic infiltration of the islets (insulitis) was maximal. Insulitis did not begin until day 9, by which time treated animals had developed overt diabetes as revealed by blood glucose and pancreatic immunoreactive insulin (IRI) measurements. Beta-cell apoptosis preceded the appearance of T-cells in the islets and continued throughout the period of insulitis. Thus, whether induced by stz or a subsequent immune response, apoptosis is the mode of cell death responsible for beta-cell loss in the multiple low-dose stz model of IDDM.
Human Genetics: The Molecular Revolution (1993)

Begins with molecular characterization of the human genome (rather than the conventional descriptions of Mendelian inheritance, pedigree analysis, and chromosome abnormalities), and maintains this emphasis on understanding human genetics in molecular terms throughout. Suitable as a text for biology
Analysis of dry etch loading effect in mask fabrication (2002)

As the design rule is rapidly decreased, tighter critical dimension (CD) control is highly requested. Considering the mask error enchantment factor, higher mask quality below 8nm should be guaranteed for 0.10micrometers generation devices. Among a number of actors causing CD errors in e-beam mask fabrication, dry etching plays an important role. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce loading effect for accurate CD control. As the loading effect in the dry etching is closely related to the selectivity of Cr to resist, a clue to reduce the loading effect is to reduce loading. In this paper, we will clarify the relation mechanism between the selectivity and loading effect. We will investigate the degree of loading effect by quantifying the selectivity with different etch processes.