gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The direct profibrotic and indirect immune antifibrotic balance of blocking the cannabinoid 2 receptor (2012)

Cannabinoid 2 (CB2) receptors expressed on immune cells are considered to be antifibrogenic. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) directly interact with phagocytosis lymphocytes, but the nature of this interaction is obscure. We aimed to study the effects of CB2 receptors on hepatic fibrosis via their role in mediating immunity. Hepatic fibrosis was induced by carbon-tetrachloride (CCl(4)) administration in C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and CB2 knockout (CB2(-/-)) mice. Irradiated animals were reconstituted with WT or CB2(-/-) lymphocytes. Lymphocytes from naïve/fibrotic WT animals and healthy/cirrhotic hepatitis C virus were preincubated in vitro with or without CB2 antagonist, evaluated for proliferation and apoptosis, and then cocultured with primary mouse HSCs or a human HSC line (LX2), respectively. Lymphocyte phagocytosis was then evaluated. Following CCl(4)-administration, CB2(-/-) mice developed significant hepatic fibrosis but less necroinflammation. WT mice harbored decreased liver CD4(+) and NK(+) cells but increased CD8(+) subsets. Naïve CB2(-/-) mice had significantly decreased T cell subsets. Adoptive transfer of CB2(-/-) lymphocytes led to decreased fibrosis in the irradiated WT recipient compared with animals receiving WT lymphocytes. Moreover, necroinflammation also tended to decrease. In vitro, a CB2-antagonist directly increased human HSC activation and increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation of mice/human T cells (healthy/fibrotic) and their phagocytosis. We concluded that CB2(-/-) lymphocytes exert an antifibrotic activity, whereas lack of CB2 receptor in HSCs promotes fibrosis. These findings broaden our understanding of cannabinoid signaling in hepatic fibrosis beyond their activity solely in HSCs.
Graphene oxide/ferrofluid/cement composites for electromagnetic interference shielding application (2011)

This paper deals with the preparation of graphene oxide-ferrofluid-cement nanocomposites to evaluate the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) in the 8.2-12.4 GHz frequency range. It has been observed that incorporation of graphene oxide (30 wt%) along with an appropriate amount of ferrofluid in the cement matrix leads to a shielding effectiveness of 46 dB (>99% attenuation).The presence of graphene oxide and ferrofluid in the cement leads to strong polarizations and magnetic losses that consequently result in higher shielding effectiveness compared to pristine cement. The resulting nanocomposites have shown Shore hardness of 54 and dc conductivity of 10.40 S cm( - 1). SEM reveals the homogeneous dispersion of graphene oxide and ferrofluid in the cement matrix.
HLA genetic polymorphism in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Midwestern United States (2021)

The experience of individuals with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) ranges from asymptomatic to life threatening multi-organ dysfunction. Specific HLA alleles may affect the predisposition to severe COVID-19 because of their role in presenting viral peptides to launch the adaptive immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this population-based case-control study in the midwestern United States, we performed high-resolution HLA typing of 234 cases hospitalized for COVID-19 in the St. Louis metropolitan area and compared their HLA allele frequencies with those of 22,000 matched controls from the National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP). We identified two predisposing alleles, HLA-DRB1*08:02 in the Hispanic group (OR = 9.0, 95% confidence interval: 2.2-37.9; adjusted p = 0.03) and HLA-A*30:02 in younger African Americans with ages below the median (OR = 2.2, 1.4-3.6; adjusted p = 0.01), and several candidate alleles with potential associations with COVID-19 in African American, White, and Hispanic groups. We also detected risk-associated amino acid residues in the peptide binding grooves of some of these alleles, suggesting the presence of functional associations. These findings support the notion that specific HLA alleles may be protective or predisposing factors to COVID-19. Future consortium analysis of pooled cases and controls is warranted to validate and extend these findings, and correlation with viral peptide binding studies will provide additional evidence for the functional association between HLA alleles and COVID-19.
A Dynamic Meta-Model Approach to Genetic Algorithm Solution of a Risk-Based Groundwater Remediation Design Model (2004)

Approximation ("meta") models have been used in coupled water resources optimization and simulation models to improve computational efficiency. In most instances, multiple simulation runs have been done before the optimization, which are then used to fit an approximate model that is used for the optimization. In this study, we propose a dynamic meta-modeling approach, in which artificial neural networks (ANN) is embedded into a genetic algorithm (GA) optimization framework to replace time-consuming flow and contaminant transport models. Data produced from early generations of the GA are sampled to train the ANN. We propose a dynamic learning approach that periodically re-samples new solutions both to update the ANN and correct the GA's converging route. This allows the meta model to adapt to the area in which the GA is searching and provide more accuracy. The results show that a proper sampling strategy can benefit both GA's searching and ANN'S retraining. In our test case, more than 90 percent of the numerical model calls were saved with no loss in accuracy of the optimal solution.
A New LPCVD Technique of Producing Borophosphosilicate Glass Films by Injection of Miscible Liquid Precursors (1987)

This study introduces a new, simple, and viable LPCVD technique based on the injection of miscible liquid precursors. The preparation of BPSG films from liquid mixtures of TEOS, TMB, and TMP is used here as a prime example for implementing this concept. The relationship between starting solution composition and resulting film composition is investigated to provide guidelines for achieving desired stoichiometries. Variations in growth rate and composition are examined to assess the relative effects of deposition temperature, total pressure, solution composition, and injection rate. At the high boron and phosphorus levels (≳4 weight percent), the reaction chemistry associated with the use of TMP is seen to produce severe depletion effects. At optimum deposition conditions, select properties of BPSG films are investigated. The results indicate high compositional uniformity within the film, a dielectric constant value in close agreement with that of thermally grown, , conformal step coverage even in the case of severe aspect ratios, and desirable flow profiles at temperatures and phosphorus concentrations significantly lower than those being currently achieved with phosphosilicate glass films.
Improvement of Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Rat Ovarian Cancer Using Cisplatin‐containing Microspheres (1996)

Microspheres consisting of L-lactic acid and glycolic acid copolymer containing cisplatin (CDDP-PLGA) were developed to improve the delivery of cisplatin. We evaluated the effects of intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin prepared as CDDP-PLGA in rats with ovarian cancer. The toxicity, platinum distribution, and therapeutic effects of CDDP-PLGA were evaluated as compared with those in the case of cisplatin aqueous solution. The LD50 of CDDP-PLGA was almost four-fold higher than that of cisplatin aqueous solution. CDDP-PLGA released cisplatin slowly and achieved a higher concentration in the peritoneal cavity and in peritoneal tumors for prolonged periods, while the tissue concentration of cisplatin was reduced elsewhere in the body, as compared with the case of cisplatin aqueous solution. The survival of rats with peritoneal carcinomatosis was increased by this delivery system relative to cisplatin aqueous solution. CDDP-PLGA thus allows a higher dose to be given without increasing systemic toxicity, enhancing the therapeutic effect of cisplatin.
Interference aware (IA) MAC: an enhancement to IEEE802.11b DCF (2003)

The IEEE802.11 has been devised explicitly for low mobility and single access point scenarios, so its effectiveness is impaired in conditions with not negligible interference in ad hoc and/or in infrastructure modes. Well known problems typical of these scenarios are the so called hidden and exposed terminals. In this paper we propose and test a novel MAC layer for wireless LANs, able to improve the performance of IEEE802.11 DCF (distributed coordination function) in environments with high interference levels. The key point is to insert information about received power and interference levels into MAC control packets. By computing an estimation of the interference increasing due to an eventual transmission (forbidden with IEEE802.11 because blocked by the virtual carrier sensing), the number of parallel transmissions can grow significantly.
Cyclopentadienyl metal teflate (OTeF5) complexes (1996)

The [M(cp)2(OTeF5)2](M = Ti, Zr, Hf, Mo or W; cp =η5-C5H5) complexes have been readily prepared in halide–teflate metathesis reactions of [M(cp)2Cl2] with TeF5(OH). They extend the fluoride–teflate analogy to a new class of high-oxidation-state transition-metal complex. The compounds, which have been characterised by a combination of IR, mass spectrometry and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, are shown to have polar metal–teflate interactions.
Preliminary results of Terabit-per-second long-range free-space optical transmission Experiment THRUST (2015)

Future Very High Throughput Satellite Systems (VHTS) will perform at several Tbit/s throughput and thus face the challenge of limited feeder-link spectrum. Whereas with conventional RF feeder links several tens of ground gateway stations would be required, the total capacity can alternatively be linked through a single optical ground station using Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) techniques as known from terrestrial fiber communications. While intermittent link blockage by clouds can be compensated by ground station diversity, the optical uplink signal is directly affected by scintillation and beam wander induced by the atmospheric index-of-refraction turbulence. The transmission system must be capable to mitigate these distortions by according high-speed tracking and fading compensation techniques. We report on the design of a near-ground long-range (10km) atmospheric transmission test-bed which is, with its relatively low elevation of 1.8 degrees, exemplary for a worst case GEO uplink scenario. The transmitting side of the test-bed consists of a single telescope with a a fine pointing assembly in order to track the atmospheric angle-ofarrival and precisely aim towards the beacon of the receiver. On the other side of the test-bed, the receiver telescope is also capable of fine pointing by tracking the transmitted signal. The GEO uplink scenario is modelled by a precise scaling of the beam divergence and the receiver’s field of view as well as by the beacon offset to model the point-ahead angle. In order to make the experimental test-bed correspond to an actual feeder link scenario, the link budget as well as the turbulence profile of the experimental scenario are modelled and compared to the GEO uplink. Several DWDM channels are multiplexed to reach the total link capacity of above one Tbit/s.
Reduction of Febrile Response to Bacterial Polysaccharide Following Incubation With Serum (1957)

Effect of incubation of fresh rabbit serum with a bacterial polysaccharide from S. marcescens on pyrogenicity was examined in normal and tolerant rabbits. In contrast to a number of other reports, no evidence of augmentation of pyrogenicity was obtained; in fact, inhibition of pyrogenicity was frequently seen, particularly in the tolerant animals. Increasing the time of incubation or the amount of serum resulted in further reduction of pyrogenicity. Heating the serum to 68–70°C, but not to 58°C altered this effect on pyrogenic action.
Increased Plasma and Tumor Somatostatin-Like Immunoreactivity in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma and Small Cell Lung Cancer* (1981)

To investigate the possible elaboration of soma-tostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) by medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and/or by small cell lung cancer, we have ra-dioimmunoassayed extracts of plasma and tumor tissue from persons with these forms of cancer. These results have been compared with blood and tissue SLI measurements in patients with epidermoid lung cancer and people without detectable neoplastic disease. The upper limit of plasma SLI in 15 control subjects was 37 pg/ml. None of the 19 patients with epidermoid lung cancer had significantly elevated plasma SLI. By contrast, significantly elevated (136–6150 pg/ml) plasma SLI was noted in 3 of 7 cases of MTC and in 4 of 26 cases of small cell lung cancer. When SLI concentrations determined by direct RIA of plasma extracts were compared to SLI values determined by RIA of SLI isolated by immunoadsorbent chromatography, a highly significant direct correlation was noted. At least three SLI species (13,000, 4,000, and 1,600 daltons) were resolved by gel filtration of plasma extracts. SLI was detectable in thyroid tissue (18–77 pg/mg protein); SLI was undetectable (<12 pg/mg) in normal lungs, epidermoid lung cancers, kidneys, and livers. Tissue SLI was detectable in three of five medullary carcinomas (60-9,200 pg/mg) and five of nine small cell lung cancers (14–441 pg/mg). These results suggest that somatostatin is elaborated by certain nonpancreatic cancers. The plasma and tissue SLI heterogeneity detected in thyroid and lung cancers probably reflects the presence of somatostatin, its biosynthetic intermediate(s), and/or their metabolites. While plasma SLI measurement in MTC seems to be of little immediate clinical importance, the presence of SLI may benefit an understanding of MTC and its origin. Despite the relatively low incidence (15%) of SLI elevation in patients with small cell lung cancer, this finding could have clinical importance for gauging the progression of this common neoplastic disease.
SSU: Extending SSH for Secure Root Administration (1998)

SSU†, ‘‘Secure su,’ ’ is a mechanism that uses SSH [Ylonen] to provide the security for distributing access to privileged operations. Its features include both shell or per-command access, a password for each user that is distinct from the login password and easily changed, and high portability. By installing SSU, administrators build a solid infrastructure for using SSH for improving security in other areas, such as file distribution and revision control. Introduction and Site Information The EECS research computing environment at Harvard University is comprised of approximately two hundred workstations running eight variations of Unix. Users are primarily faculty, graduate students
NOVO CURSO DE PEDAGOGIA: NOVOS DESAFIOS OU VELHOS PROBLEMAS? (2010)

Assuming that the teachers training is one of the biggest challenges faced by education in Brazil, the paper discusses about the historical changes that were produced around the courses of teachers training, and in a particular way, it deals with the implementation of the Pedagogy Course at a University in the state of Sao Paulo. Thus, it presents a brief historical about regarding the creation of the Pedagogy Course in 1939 and the implications that were produced by Law 4.024/61 and 5.540/68. When the article deals with the changes produced in the 1980s and 1990s, particularly with the enactment of the Law 9394/96, it considers the impacts generated by new adequacies in the working world for the teachers training. From this, it deals with the organization and reorganization of the Pedagogy Course at the University of Sao Paulo.
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors: From Chromatin Remodeling to Experimental Cancer Therapeutics (2003)

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are key enzymes in the regulation of gene expression. By maintaining the dynamic equilibrium of the acetylation status of highly conserved lysine residues on histones, they regulate chromatin remodeling and gene expression. A link between aberrant HDAC activity and cancer has been widely reported and HDAC inhibitors have been shown to inhibit the proliferation of human tumor cell lines in vitro. Furthermore, several HDAC inhibitors have exhibited potent anti-tumor activity in human xenograft models, suggesting this class of compounds to be promising novel cancer therapeutic agents. This review provides an update on the current knowledge of HDAC inhibition with a focus on the most recent progress of HDAC inhibitors in clinical development.
Current research and future developments in retinoids: oral and topical agents. (1998)

The retinoids are a class of small molecules capable of affecting biological systems in a fundamental way by interacting with a variety of nuclear receptors and affecting gene transcription. As such, they have powerful therapeutic potential in the treatment of a variety of diseases. However, non-selective retinoid drugs that indiscriminately activate many or all of the different retinoid receptors and their signaling pathways will invariably produce both undesirable and beneficial effects. Therefore, current and future retinoid research must employ a rational approach to drug discovery, the goal of which is to design retinoid drugs with sufficient receptor or function selectivity that only those biological systems relevant to a specific disease are affected. Tazarotene is a retinoid with properties that are a result of this rational approach to drug discovery. Its molecular structure was engineered in such a way as to make it selective for the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) class of nuclear receptors over retinoid X receptors (RXRs), with preferential activation of RAR beta and RAR gamma over RAR alpha. It was further engineered to possess clinically favorable pharmacokinetic properties. To date, all retinoid drugs available for therapeutic use are retinoid agonists; they bind to retinoid receptors and facilitate gene transcription. However, ongoing research has developed retinoid antagonists (that bind to receptors without activating gene transcription) and inverse agonists (that bind to receptors and inhibit gene transcription). These new drugs and other retinoids currently under development represent new opportunities for the treatment of a variety of disorders in dermatology, oncology, and metabolic disease.
A large-scale study of PHEV charging (2012)

Addressing challenges related to transportation electrification and grid integration of electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), this paper presents results from a large-scale study of real-world PHEV driving and charging patterns. The dataset is based on over 100 PHEVs deployed in various scenarios across the U.S., including more than 39,500 driving trips, over 700,000 km driving distance, and over 7,400 charging events. Data analysis results indicate suboptimal utilization of PHEVs due to insufficient charging. Implications of PHEV proliferation on the power grid both in terms of power demand and the need for charging infrastructure are examined, highlighting the importance of user-vehicle-grid interactions.
Data from CAR T-cell Entry into Tumor Islets Is a Two-Step Process Dependent on IFNγ and ICAM-1 (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Adoptive transfer of T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) has shown remarkable clinical efficacy against advanced B-cell malignancies but not yet against solid tumors. Here, we used fluorescent imaging microscopy and &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; assays to compare the early functional responses (migration, Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;, and cytotoxicity) of CD20 and EGFR CAR T cells upon contact with malignant B cells and carcinoma cells. Our results indicated that CD20 CAR T cells rapidly form productive ICAM-1–dependent conjugates with their targets. By comparison, EGFR CAR T cells only initially interacted with a subset of carcinoma cells located at the periphery of tumor islets. After this initial peripheral activation, EGFR CAR T cells progressively relocated to the center of tumor cell regions. The analysis of this two-step entry process showed that activated CAR T cells triggered the upregulation of ICAM-1 on tumor cells in an IFNγ-dependent pathway. The ICAM-1/LFA-1 interaction interference, through antibody or shRNA blockade, prevented CAR T-cell enrichment in tumor islets. The requirement for IFNγ and ICAM-1 to enable CAR T-cell entry into tumor islets is of significance for improving CAR T-cell therapy in solid tumors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Regulating Back Electron Transfer through Donor and π‐Spacer Alterations in Benzothieno[3,2‐b]indole‐based Dye‐sensitized Solar Cells (2020)

Three metal-free organic D-π-A dyes with benzothieno[3,2-b]indole as electron donor, cyanoacrylic acid as both electron acceptor and anchoring group with benzene (BID-1), thiophene (BID-2) and furan (BID-3) as π-spacers were designed and synthesized for application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). A planar and electron-rich heterocycle such as benzothieno[3,2-b]indole offers better backbone rigidity and improves charge transport properties in comparison to indolo[3,2-b]indole donor, previously reported from our group. Additionally, we synthesized a benzothieno[3,2-b]indole donor grafted with longer alkyl chains which efficiently prevented the approach of oxidized species in the electrolyte coming closer to semiconductor thereby arresting recombination. A power conversion efficiency of 4.11 % was achieved for dye-sensitized solar cells based on the furan π-spacer benzothieno[3,2-b]indole dye BID-3 in comparison to the corresponding indolo[3,2-b]indole dye (IID-3) having an efficiency of 1.71 %. Detailed interfacial electrical measurements along with theoretical calculations disclosed the mechanism of back electron transfer and improvement in photovoltaic performance with respect to variation in both donor and π-spacer.
Open foundry platform for high-performance electronic-photonic integration (2012)

This paper presents photonic devices with 3 dB/cm waveguide loss fabricated in an existing commercial electronic 45 nm SOI-CMOS foundry process. By utilizing existing front-end fabrication processes the photonic devices are monolithically integrated with electronics in the same physical device layer as transistors achieving 4 ps logic stage delay, without degradation in transistor performance. We demonstrate an 8-channel optical microring-resonator filter bank and optical modulators, both controlled by integrated digital circuits. By developing a device design methodology that requires zero process infrastructure changes, a widely available platform for high-performance photonic-electronic integrated circuits is enabled.
Nesting of the Fork-Tailed Emerald in Oaxaca, Mexico (1964)

Journal Article Nesting of the Fork-Tailed Emerald in Oaxaca, Mexico Get access Larry L. Wolf Larry L. Wolf Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Berkeley, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Condor, Volume 66, Issue 1, 1 January 1964, Pages 51–55, https://doi.org/10.2307/1365236 Published: 01 January 1964