gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Angiogenesis in Canine Mammary Tumors by Quantitative Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Immunohistochemistry (2000)

Angiogenesis was evaluated by immunohistochemistry for platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CD31) in a series of benign and malignant canine mammary neoplasms. Computer image analysis was used to measure the intratumoral microvessel density (number of microvessels per square millimeter) and the area and perimeter of immunolabeled vascular structures. A higher intratumoral microvessel density and lower values for area and perimeter were found in malignant neoplasms compared with benign tumors and among the malignant tumors, in less differentiated phenotypes and in more anaplastic histological types (solid and squamous carcinomas), most of which had metastasized. These findings are consistent with an increase in angiogenesis in multistage neoplasia. Therefore, in more anaplastic malignant neoplasms, numerous but small and often malformed new vessels can be identified. The correlation of angiogenesis data with differentiation grade and histological type of mammary neoplasms is consistent with the findings in human medicine and demonstrates that angiogenesis can also have a prognostic value in veterinary medicine.
Install CO<sub>2</sub> Injection Linkage, Measurement Skid and Control Systems (SECARB Phase III Work Product 8.2.1.a) (2012)

CO 2 measured at injection site with senior orifice meter and gas chromatograph Communication using Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition and satellite. Check meter installed for pipeline leak detection and verification of injected volumes
Characterization of recombinant factor VIII and a recombinant factor VIII deletion mutant using a rabbit immunogenicity model system (1990)

Abstract The use of factor VIII prepared genetically engineered cell lines (rFVIII) may avoid some of the problems inherently associated with administering plasma-derived factor VIII (pdFVIII) concentrates to hemophilia A patients. Although rFVIII may represent an improvement over traditional therapeutics, the chance exists that protein production in cell culture may result in the presence of novel epitopes that may enhance the formation of inhibitor antibodies capable of neutralizing either rFVIII or pdFVIII. To assess the differences between rFVIII and its plasma-derived homologue, a rabbit immunogenicity model system was developed. Antibodies raised to rFVIII in rabbits were tested for the presence of antibodies capable of binding rFVIII but not pdFVIII, the presence of which would suggest that novel epitope(s) were present. This analysis was performed using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, as well as immunoadsorption. For either technique, rFVIII-specific antibodies were not detected, indicating that differences between rFVIII and pdFVIII were not found. When a rFVIII B-region deletion mutant was similarly tested, antibodies specific for this protein were found. These specific antibodies appeared to bind in the vicinity of the deletion site and their binding was not affected by carbohydrate removal. These results indicate that the rabbit immunogenicity model system is sensitive to alterations in the factor VIII molecule and suggest that full-length rFVIII will not be any more immunogenic in human patients than pdFVIII.
Dependent types in practical programming (1999)

We present an approach to enriching the type system of ML with a restricted form of dependent types, where type index objects are drawn from a constraint domain C, leading to the DML(C) language schema. This allows specification and inference of significantly more precise type information, facilitating program error detection and compiler optimization. A major complication resulting from introducing dependent types is that pure type inference for the enriched system is no longer possible, but we show that type-checking a sufficiently annotated program in DML(C) can be reduced to constraint satisfaction in the constraint domain C. We exhibit the unobtrusiveness of our approach through practical examples and prove that DML(C) is conservative over ML. The main contribution of the paper lies in our language design, including the formulation of type-checking rules which makes the approach practical. To our knowledge, no previous type system for a general purpose programming language such as ML has combined dependent types with features including datatype declarations, higher-order functions, general recursions, let-polymorphism, mutable references, and exceptions. In addition, we have finished a prototype implementation of DML(C) for an integer constraint domain C, where constraints are linear inequalities (Xi and Pfenning 1998).
Dietary intake of vitamin D during the second half of infancy in Swedish infants (2004)

Background: The physiological requirement for vitamin D in infants and young children is not known. The current Nordic recommendation is a daily intake of 10 µg or 400 IU. In Sweden a daily supplement with vitamins A and D (AD-drops) is recommended from 6 weeks to 6 years of age, but compliance has been questioned, particularly after the first 2 years of life. Objective: To estimate the total dietary intake of vitamin D and the contribution from AD-drops to the total daily intake during the second half of infancy. Design: A postal survey on food intake with emphasis on vitamin D, including the recommended AD supplements at 5, 7 and 10 months of age, was answered by parents of 174 infants. Results: The average total intake of vitamin D was estimated at 11-15 µg day-1. AD-drops accounted for 76,64 and 53% of the total daily intake of vitamin D at 5, 7 and 10 months of age, respectively. Infant formula, milk cereal drink and commercial infant porridge were the most important food sources of vitamin D in these age groups. Conclusions: During the second half of infancy, when food is becoming successively more diversified, the average daily vitamin D intake was above the recommended daily intake of 10 µg for that age group. Vitamin D supplement accounted for more than half of the daily intake in all age groups studied. Without the recommended supplement the average vitamin D intake would have been below the level considered to lead to a risk of developing rickets in the youngest age group of the healthy, term infants. Keywords: allergy; infancy; retrospective; questionnaire; vitamin D
Gain of high-pressure CO&lt;inf&gt;2&lt;/inf&gt;lasers (1978)

Previous theories of high-pressure CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> gain spectra have been modified to include gain Contributions from the newly discovered 00°2 and 00°3 sequence bands. It is shown that the inclusion of these bands has important consequences for TE CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> lasers. At a pressure of 14 atm, the sequence bands typically cause a 40 percent increase in calculated gain at all frequencies. Even at pressures as low as 1 atm, the presence of the sequence lines leads to anomalous gain coefficients on many of the regular 00°1 laser lines.
Quantum criticality in an itinerant antiferromagnet (2010)

Aggressive angiomyxoma (AA) is a rare myofibroblastic tumor, usually affecting young women. Two patients, one with a vaginal and the other with a vulvar mass underwent surgical intervention with different preoperative diagnoses; the former as vaginal cyst and the latter as vulvar hernia. Unfortunately, the pathological evaluation of the specimens revealed aggressive angiomyxoma. Misdiagnosis of this tumor is a common problem.
Enhancing Wavelength Selection for Quantum Cascade Laser Based Chemical Sensors by Cavity Length Variation (2009)

Varying Quantum Cascade laser cavity length results in gain peak selection across a 118 cm−1 range; a result of a change in threshold voltage, and applied electric field as a function of cavity length.
TOP: A Transport Overlay Protocol for Peer-to-Peer Applications. (2004)

In the next generation Internet, the network should not only be considered as a communication medium but also as a large source of services which use entails performance, reliability and security gains. In this context, the end-to-end hypothesis promoting all the network complexity at its periphery should evolve towards a “peerto-peer hypothesis” promoting the integration of application layer services inside the network. Following a networking by component paradigm, Internet scale distributed services, performing tasks resulting from composition of elementary services, are conducted to communicate using arbitrarily complex communication schemes. This paper introduces a new generation of transport protocol, which extends the traditional notion of transport connection for supporting, at the transport layer, communication patterns that go beyond traditional point-to-point or point-to-multipoint communication schemes.
Acceleration-assisted entanglement harvesting and rangefinding (2015)

We study entanglement harvested from a quantum field through local interaction with Unruh-DeWitt detectors undergoing linear acceleration. The interactions allow entanglement to be swapped locally from the field to the detectors. We find an enhancement in the entanglement harvesting by two detectors with anti-parallel acceleration over those with inertialmotion. This enhancement is characterized by the presence of entanglement between two detectors that would otherwise maintain a separable state in the absence of relativistic motion (with the same distance of closest approach in both cases). We also find that entanglement harvesting is degraded for two detectors undergoing parallel acceleration in the same way as for two static, comoving detectors in a de Sitter universe. This degradation is known to be different from that of two inertial detectors in a thermal bath. We comment on the physical origin of the harvested entanglement and present three methods for determining distance between two detectors using properties of the harvested entanglement. Information about the separation is stored nonlocally in the joint state of the accelerated detectors after the interaction; a single detector alone contains none. We also find an example of entanglement sudden death exhibited in parameter space.
Diffractive optics based on modulated subwavelength-domain V-ridge gratings (2016)

We study the properties of reflection-type V-ridge gratings in the subwavelength domain and describe a method to realize diffractive optical elements by using such gratings as signal carriers. In particular, we utilize a coding scheme based on position modulation of a high-frequency V-ridge carrier grating. We design and demonstrate beam splitting elements using this coding scheme, electron-beam lithography, anisotropic wet etching of silicon, hot embossing of polymer, and metal deposition. These elements have the outstanding property of operating over a large spectral range from 406 to 520 nm. The measured diffraction patterns show excellent agreement with theoretical results given by rigorous diffraction theory.
Correlation and validation of a CFD based hydrodynamic and dynamic model for a towed undersea vehicle (2002)

Describes the modeling of the statics and dynamics of a towed undersea vehicle, taking the reader through the process from CFD modeling, correlation using wind tunnel test data, and in-water steady state and manoeuvering validation. A Vehicle Control Technologies (VCT) model that had previously been developed without the benefit of modern CFD methods is compared to model scale wind tunnel force and moment data as well as full-scale in-water data. The hydrodynamic model is then updated with recent technology and again compared to the same model scale and full-scale data. Advancements in hydrodynamic technology over the last few years have taken hydrodynamics to a new plateau of modeling accuracy, which rivals those of experimentally based approaches, and are accomplished at a much lower cost. In the new methodologies, contributions to the body and fin surfaces are computed using a combination of techniques, which are both CFD based and semi-analytical. The CFD code developed by VCT tracks the hull vorticity and computes the point where the hull wake is shed based on a method similar to that used to compute the Kutta condition for a wing. Interference effects, such as fin-to-fin and fin-to-body, are now computed using the vorticity based CFD models. In addition to improving the static terms to the equations of motion, the CFD code improves the computation of the added mass terms and the computation of damping effects due to the vehicle hull. The CFD based model has been correlated to wind tunnel force and moment data. Wind tunnel data included body build-up configurations as well as the fully appended vehicle. The body build up process is important to understanding the effect of wing upwash on the control surfaces. The in-water comparisons for pitch angle and sternplane angle (both the steady state trim conditions and the transient response during dynamic manoeuvers) were made without further adjustments to the wind tunnel correlated model.
Improving the reliability of FPGA circuits using triple-modular redundancy (TMR) & efficient voter placement (2004)

Triple-modular redundancy has been proposed as a technique for improving the reliability of FPGA circuits in the presence of radiation-induced SEUs. This technique masks circuit faults by voting on the output of three identical circuit modules. A critical design decision in any TMR system is the placement of voters between the TMR modules. This paper presents a technique for selecting the appropriate location of voters within feedback paths of an FPGA circuit. Voting within the feedback path will repair corrupted state variables and tolerate online repair of the FPGA configuration.
Rapid Automated Measurement of Body Fat Distribution from Whole-Body MRI (2005)

Whole-body MRI in conjunction with CAD allows a fast, automatic, and accurate approach to body fat measurement and localization and can be a useful alternative to body mass index. Whole-body fat analysis can be achieved in less than 5 min.
Butadiene 1,4-polymerization initiated by bis[(η3-allyl)(trifluoroacetato)nickel]: a perfectly "living" coordination system (1984)

peer reviewed
Regional specificity of ASP binding in human adipose tissue (1999)

Obesity, in particular omental (OM) adiposity, is associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Thus site-specific regulation of fat storage is important to understand. Acylation-stimulating protein (ASP) is a potent stimulator of glucose transport and triglyceride synthesis in adipocytes. In the present study, we characterized receptor binding of 125I-labeled ASP to human adipocyte plasma membranes from paired OM and subcutaneous (SC) sites in normal (N) and obese (O) male (M) and female (F) subjects (n = 24). Overall, specific binding of 125I-ASP was in the order of SC > OM and O > N (in SC tissue, particularly in F). Receptor affinity of 125I-ASP was higher [lower dissociation constant (Kd)] in SC than in OM (63.6 +/- 16.2 vs. 160.7 +/- 38.6 nM, P < 0.02), especially in F (37.0 +/- 11.1 F-N and 26.3 +/- 6.7 nM F-O) and lower (higher Kd) in male OM (291.8 +/- 116.8 M-N and 149.4 +/- 56.4 M-O). The greater binding and higher affinity of 125I-ASP binding to SC suggests that ASP may be an important factor in maintaining regional adipose tissue mass. Conversely, lower binding and receptor affinity in male OM adipose tissue may contribute to the fatty acid imbalance and metabolic complications associated with this syndrome, by reducing the efficiency of adipose fatty acid trapping by the ASP pathway.
Structure of the flavin adduct formed in the suicide reaction of .alpha.-hydroxybutynoate with D-lactate dehydrogenase (1979)

The Zn-dependent flavoenzyme D-lactate dehydrogenase from Megasphaera elsdenii is irreversibly inactivated by the D form of the suicide substrate 2-hydroxy-3-butynoic acid. The process of inactivation involves formation of a new pink chromophore, which can be released in intact form from the protein and which was purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography. Inactivation involves covalent addition of the suicide substrate to the flavin coenzyme. The optical spectra indicate an elongation of the flavin chromophore, and the chemical reactivity suggests a derivative of reduced flavin. The structure of this adduct was deduced from Fourier transform NMR, from the chemical properties, and from comparison with appropriate models, which were synthesized chemically. This structure involves the covalent linkage of the acetylenic inhibitor to positions N(5) and C(6) of the flavin coenzyme via carbon atoms 2 and 4 of the inhibitor to form an additional fused aromatic ring. The pink adduct can be reconverted to an isoalloxazine chromophore by reduction with borohydride and subsequent reoxidation with oxygen. This new isoalloxazine has the spectral properties of an isoflavin, and it is proposed to carry the moiety of the inactivator molecule as substituent at position C(6). The structure of the pink chromophore representing a cyclic adduct to the flavin positions N(5) and C(6) is compared to that of the adduct obtained from L-lactate oxidase from Mycobacterium smegmatis and the L form of the same inhibitor [C(4a)--N(5) cyclic adduct; Schonbrunn, A., Abeles, R. H., Walsh, C. T., Ghisla, S., Ogata, H., and Massey, V. (1976) Biochemistry 15, 1978]. This comparison allows deductions about the relative orientation of substrate, coenzyme, and active center functional groups in the two enzymes.
TEM Study on the Alignation of BSCCO-2223 Phase along Ag-Whiskers in a Bulk Composite (2001)

2223-HTSC/ Ag-whisker composites were synthesised and the microstructure was thoroughly studied. A c-axis alignment of the ceramic phase perpendicular to the surface of Ag-whiskers was observed and the results of TEM, SEM, DTA and EDX mapping are discussed. The onset of texturing is shown in a step by step sintering study. This revealed a dynamic process during phase formation. In TEM/HREM we observed an amorphous-nanocrystalline phase at the interface between the superconductor and the Ag.
Bioechnology of indirect liquefaction. Final report (1990)

The project on biotechnology of indirect liquefaction was focused on conversion of coal derived synthesis gas to liquid fuels using a two-stage, acidogenic and solventogenic, anaerobic bioconversion process. The acidogenic fermentation used a novel and versatile organism, Butyribacterium methylotrophicum, which was fully capable of using CO as the sole carbon and energy source for organic acid production. In extended batch CO fermentations the organism was induced to produce butyrate at the expense of acetate at low pH values. Long-term, steady-state operation was achieved during continuous CO fermentations with this organism, and at low pH values (a pH of 6.0 or less) minor amounts of butanol and ethanol were produced. During continuous, steady-state fermentations of CO with cell recycle, concentrations of mixed acids and alcohols were achieved (approximately 12 g/l and 2 g/l, respectively) which are high enough for efficient conversion in stage two of the indirect liquefaction process. The metabolic pathway to produce 4-carbon alcohols from CO was a novel discovery and is believed to be unique to our CO strain of B. methylotrophicum. In the solventogenic phase, the parent strain ATCC 4259 of Clostridium acetobutylicum was mutagenized using nitrosoguanidine and ethyl methane sulfonate. The E-604 mutant strain of Clostridium acetobutylicum showed improved characteristics as compared to parent strain ATCC 4259 in batch fermentation of carbohydrates.
IM-17: a new zeolitic material, synthesis and structure elucidation from electron diffraction ADT data and Rietveld analysis (2014)

The synthesis and the structure of IM-17, a new germanosilicate with a novel zeolitic topology, prepared hydrothermally with decamethonium as the organic structure directing agent, are reported. The structure of calcined and partially rehydrated IM-17 of chemical formula per unit cell |(H2O)14.4|[Si136.50Ge39.50O352] was solved ab initio using electron diffraction ADT data in the acentric Amm2 (setting Cm2m) space group and refined by the Rietveld method. This new zeolite framework type contains a 3D pore system made of intersecting 12, 10 and 8-ring channels.
Realization and evaluation of diffractive systems on the back side of silicon solar cells (2010)

An effective light trapping system is required in silicon solar cells in order to collect a large amount of photons. That is why we focus our investigation on the fabrication and evaluation of two types of optical systems introduced on the back side of solar cells. The aim of these structures is to enhance the light trapping of the long wavelength photons (above 1000 nm). On the one hand, we evaluated a Si/SiO<sub>2</sub> linear nanograting; on the other hand, hexagonal nanostructures fabricated with SiO2 nanoparticles and a filling matrix are under investigation. In this paper, we describe the fabrication processes developed for both approaches and we present the solar cell results and characterisation. For the first approach, we show a reflectance reduction on test structures, which occurs at the same wavelength as the increase of absorption induced by the simulated gratings. Moreover, we demonstrate the feasibility of the fabrication of silicon solar cells with the hexagonal nanostructures as a diffractive back reflector. Although no short circuit current increase has been observed due to a poor rear side passivation, a current gain up to 0.3 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> is possible in the wavelength range of 1050-1150 nm due to these nanostructures. Finally, we also comment on the advantages and drawbacks of each approach and on the feasibility to introduce these systems in the solar cell process flow.
Low‐rank motion correction for accelerated free‐breathing first‐pass myocardial perfusion imaging (2023)

LRMC produces motion-corrected myocardial perfusion in free-breathing acquisitions with substantially improved image quality when compared with iterative SENSE and LpS reconstructions.
Targetable T-type Calcium Channels Drive Glioblastoma (2017)

Glioblastoma (GBM) stem-like cells (GSC) promote tumor initiation, progression, and therapeutic resistance. Here, we show how GSCs can be targeted by the FDA-approved drug mibefradil, which inhibits the T-type calcium channel Cav3.2. This calcium channel was highly expressed in human GBM specimens and enriched in GSCs. Analyses of the The Cancer Genome Atlas and REMBRANDT databases confirmed upregulation of Cav3.2 in a subset of tumors and showed that overexpression associated with worse prognosis. Mibefradil treatment or RNAi-mediated attenuation of Cav3.2 was sufficient to inhibit the growth, survival, and stemness of GSCs and also sensitized them to temozolomide chemotherapy. Proteomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that Cav3.2 inhibition altered cancer signaling pathways and gene transcription. Cav3.2 inhibition suppressed GSC growth in part by inhibiting prosurvival AKT/mTOR pathways and stimulating proapoptotic survivin and BAX pathways. Furthermore, Cav3.2 inhibition decreased expression of oncogenes (PDGFA, PDGFB, and TGFB1) and increased expression of tumor suppressor genes (TNFRSF14 and HSD17B14). Oral administration of mibefradil inhibited growth of GSC-derived GBM murine xenografts, prolonged host survival, and sensitized tumors to temozolomide treatment. Our results offer a comprehensive characterization of Cav3.2 in GBM tumors and GSCs and provide a preclinical proof of concept for repurposing mibefradil as a mechanism-based treatment strategy for GBM. <i>Cancer Res; 77(13); 3479-90. ©2017 AACR</i>.
Critical Considerations for Reopening Scheduled Surgical Care in the Setting of the COVID-19 Pandemic (2020)

Cauley, Christy E. MD; Smith, Rachel MS; Lillemoe, Keith D. MD; Doherty, Gerard M. MD; Levin, Lawrence Scott MD; Wexner, Steven D. MD; Sonnay, Yves MPH; Brindle, Mary MD Author Information