gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
C1-Symmetrical Titanium(IV) Complexes of Salan Ligands with Differently Substituted Aromatic Rings: Enhanced Cytotoxic Activity (2014)

Diaminobis(phenolato) ("salan") titanium(IV) complexes of differently substituted aromatic rings were synthesized, and their hydrolytic stability and cytotoxicity were analyzed and compared to those of the C2-symmertrical analogues and their equimolar mixtures. The hydrolytic stability of the asymmetrical complexes was in between those of the symmetrical analogues, implying an additive influence of the ligand structural parameters. Most mixed halogenated/nitrated complexes showed a marked improvement of cytotoxic activity relative to the symmetrical analogues and their mixtures, with IC50 values as low as <1 μM corresponding to activity exceeding that of cisplatin by up to 30-fold. In contrast, asymmetrical complexes with substitutions of similar properties revealed an added influence of both, with cytotoxicity in between those of the symmetrical analogues. With the presumption that the active species is generally a polynuclear hydrolysis product kept in mind, it is overall evident that particular ligand design and fine-tuning of the parameters of influence including hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity are essential for maximizing biological efficiency.
Adaptive Equalization for SQPSK and SQPR Over Frequency Selective Microwave LOS Channels (1984)

This paper compares the effectiveness of linear and decision feedback equalizers in counteracting the effect of frequency-selective distortion in microwave relay links. A quadratic frequency-selective model of the channel is employed and particular attention is given to channels with a null in the passband. Both staggered QPSK and QPR modems are studied. Performance is studied for error probability and mean squared error. The general conclusion is reached that a decision feedback equalizer is required for robust performance.
Sustainability of Diets in Mexico: Diet Quality, Environmental Footprint, Diet Cost, and Sociodemographic Factors (2022)

The MSD is a realistic diet pattern mainly found in disadvantaged populations, but diet quality is still sub-optimal. Increased consumption of legumes, fruits, and vegetables, and a reduction in unhealthy foods, is required to improve nutritional quality of diets while ensuring their environmental sustainability.
Supplementary Table 1 from Novel Associations between Common Breast Cancer Susceptibility Variants and Risk-Predicting Mammographic Density Measures (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 1. Mean (95% Confidence Interval (CI)) mammographic density measurements by covariate distribution&lt;/p&gt;
Ultrasonic Doppler Vibrometry: Measurement of Left Ventricular Wall Vibrations Associated With Coronary Artery Disease (2006)

We have developed a new method of detecting coronary artery stenoses that uses Doppler ultrasound to measure minute local vibrations in the cardiac wall associated with post-stenotic flow turbulence. In this paper, we present the results of a preliminary clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of this method for detecting coronary artery disease (CAD) using coronary angiography as the gold standard. The study population consisted of 34 patients clinically-indicated for coronary angiography. Based on the catheterization reports, the patients were divided into three categories: severe (obstructive CAD, typically with >70% diameter reduction), moderate (non-obstructive CAD, typically with <50% diameter reduction or diffuse atherosclerosis), and normal (no angiographic evidence of CAD). A diastolic myocardial vibration index (DMVI) was calculated as the ratio of the normalized periodogram spectral energy in the 100~800-Hz frequency band of the instantaneous wall velocity in early diastole to a baseline value during diastasis. The DMVI was significantly higher in severe CAD patients (21.2plusmn3.2 dB) compared to moderate CAD (17.5plusmn3.5 dB) and normal (11.2plusmn4.8 dB). The differences between each of the categories were statistically significant (p<0.05). Severe CAD patients could be distinguished from normal with a sensitivity of 91.7% and specificity of 83.3%. We believe that this method could potentially be developed into a low-cost and accurate test for diagnosis and screening for coronary artery stenosis
New phase equilibrium analyzer for determination of the vapor-liquid equilibrium of carbon dioxide and permanent gas mixtures for carbon capture and storage (2014)

A high-pressure, phase equilibrium analyzer incorporating a fiber-optic reflectometer is described. The analyzer has been designed for measuring the vapor-liquid equilibrium data of multi-component mixtures of carbon dioxide and permanent gases, providing a novel tool to acquire of a large number of phase equilibrium data for the development of the new carbon capture and storage technologies. We demonstrate that the analyzer is suitable for determining both the bubble- and dew-point lines at temperature from 253 K and pressure up to 25 MPa using pure CO2 and two binary mixtures of CO2 + N2 and CO2 + H2.
Blade Sections in Streamwise Oscillations into Reverse Flow (2015)

A low-Reynolds number rectilinear analog of the retreating blade problem is considered by computationally and experimentally studying a NACA0012 blade in spanwise oscillation in a free stream. Three-dimensional hybrid RANS-LES simulations with spanwise periodic boundary conditions and experimental flow visualization support the description of experimental direct force measurements for a wide range reduced frequencies and advance ratios, including fully reversed flow conditions. A fixed incidence of 6 degrees is taken as a nominally attached-flow case, and agrees reasonably well with Isaacs' theory. A fixed incidence of 20 degrees is taken as a fully-separated case, and departs markedly from inviscid theory, and even more so from quasi-steady approximation. Experimental-computational comparison shows a computational overprediction of lift relative to experimental results, at moderate advance ratios. Agreement in fully reversed flow is, however, quite good.
The Use of Ozone in Dentistry and Medicine (2005)

There is growing interest in the use of ozone in oral healthcare and the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) is at present reviewing the evidence for its effectiveness in the management of occlusal and plain surface caries. These are only two of the clinical problems for which ozone can, and has, been used; it has also been employed for a wide variety of other purposes in both dentistry and medicine. This pale blue-coloured gas plays an important role as a natural constituent in the higher layer of the Earth's atmosphere. There is growing evidence that it can be employed as a useful therapeutic agent. This paper reviews its therapeutic uses to date and suggests its possible future clinical applications. Consumer demands for this strong oxidant may increase as the general public becomes increasingly aware of its therapeutic capacity and the non-invasive manner in which it can be administered.
Loss of P retinal ganglion cell function in resolved optic neuritis (1990)

To determine the relative loss of P and M (X and Y) ganglion cell function in unilateral resolved optic neuritis, 10 patients with 20/20 or better Snellen acuity in both eyes had contrast sensitivity testing, color vision testing, and automated perimetry. We used contrast sensitivity gratings of 0.5 cycles per degree (cpd) with a rate of counterphase temporal modulation of 30 Hz and gratings of 11.4 cpd at 1 Hz. On 1 trial, patients responded when they detected the pattern of the grating and on the next trial when they 1st perceived movement. There was a significant difference in the 1 Hz high spatial frequency pattern and movement results suggesting loss of P cell function. Two patients were unable to perceive any movement with their involved eye with this target, but could detect the pattern. There was no significant difference between the involved and uninvolved eyes in the low spatial frequency pattern detection values. This is a function ascribed to the M cell. There was also loss of low spatial frequency movement detection. Although there was significant depression of the entire visual field in the involved eye, the probability plots showed the most significant loss in the cecocentral area. Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue color testing was also abnormal. Greater involvement of P than M ganglion cell axons may explain these contrast sensitivity abnormalities, central scotomata, and color vision loss.
Transmisión del Mal de Río Cuarto virus por ninfas de primer y tercer estadio de Delphacodes kuscheli (2005)

Se comparó la capacidad de ninfas de primer y tercer estadío de Delphacodes kuscheli Fennah (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) para adquirir y posteriormente transmitir el Mal de Río Cuarto virus (MRCV), bajo condiciones controladas. Ninfas I y III avirulíferas se alimentaron separadamente de plantas de trigo infectadas durante 48 horas, para luego ser colocadas en subgrupos de tres individuos sobre plantas de trigo sanas. Se realizaron transmisiones seriales utilizando períodos de inoculación de 24 horas. Ambos estadií os lograron adquirir y transmitir el MRCV, pero se evidenció una mayor cantidad de subgrupos infectivos cuando la adquisición se efectuó como ninfas I, así como una disminución significativa en la duración del período de latencia del virus respecto de los insectos que adquirieron el MRCV durante el tercer estadio ninfal.
P09-12. Autologous neutralizing antibodies in early subtype C HIV-1 infection target variable regions of envelope and drive multiple pathways of viral escape (2009)

Address: 1Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA, 2Zambia Blood Transfusion Service, Lusaka, Zambia, 3Public Health Research Institute, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA, 4University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA, 5Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA, 6Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA and 7Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA * Corresponding author
Plasmonic Gold Nanostar-Enhanced Multimodal Photoacoustic Microscopy and Optical Coherence Tomography Molecular Imaging To Evaluate Choroidal Neovascularization (2020)

Although photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) allow visualization of the retinal microvasculature, distinguishing early neovascularization from adjacent vessels remains challenging. Herein, gold nanostars (GNSs) functionalized with an RGD peptide were utilized as multimodality contrast agents for both PAM and OCT. GNSs have great absorption and scattering characteristics in the near-infrared region where most vasculature and tissue generates a less intrinsic photoacoustic signal while having a small size, excellent biocompatibility <i>in vivo</i>, and great photostability under nanosecond pulsed laser illumination. This enabled visualization and differentiation of individual microvasculature <i>in vivo</i> using multimodal PAM and OCT imaging. Detailed three-dimensional imaging of GNSs was achieved in an important choroidal neovascularization model in living rabbits. Through the administration of GNSs, PA contrast increased up to 17-fold and OCT intensities increased 167%. This advanced molecular-imaging platform with GNSs provides a unique tool for detailed mapping of the pathogenesis of the microvasculature.
Immobilization and chiral recognition of 3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamates of cellulose and amylose bearing 4‐(trimethoxysilyl)phenylcarbamate groups (2009)

A small amount of 4-(trimethoxysilyl)phenyl groups was randomly introduced onto the 3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamates of cellulose and amylose by a one-pot method. The obtained derivatives were then effectively immobilized onto silica gel as chiral packing materials (CPMs) for high-performance liquid chromatography through intermolecular polycondensation of the trimethoxysilyl groups. The effects of the amount of 4-(trimethoxysilyl)phenyl groups on immobilization and enantioseparation were investigated. Also, the solvent durability of the immobilized-type CPMs was examined with the eluents containing chloroform and tetrahydrofuran. When these eluents were used, the chiral recognition abilities of the CPMs for most of the tested racemates were improved to some extent depending on the compounds.
Off-the-Shelf Low-Cost Target Tracking Architecture for Wireless Communications (2013)

A compact architecture for real-time directions-of-arrival estimation, tracking, and beamforming is presented. It is based on the phased-array concept. Beamforming is digitally realized. The system concept and architecture are described in full detail. A proof of concept prototype, including a 1 × 2 planar array, an analog front end, and an field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based embedded system, is built and measured. The system is controlled by a GUI running on a mainstream laptop. The architecture is tailored to the use of low cost, off the shelf, and readily available components.
Polycyclic N-hetero compounds. VIII. Reactions of ketones with trisformylaminomethane. (1975)

Reactions of ketones with trisformylaminomethane were described. Except pyrimidine derivatives reported by Bredereck, et al., few by-products were obtained. Thus methyl ethyl ketone (I) gave 4-ethylpyrimidine (III) and 5-methyl-4-(5-pyrimidinyl) pyrimidine (IV), diethyl ketone (V) gave 4-amino-3, 5-dimethylpyridine (VII), cyclohexanone (VIII) gave bis (5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydro-8-quinazolinylidenemethyl) amine (X). 4-Methyl-5-phenylpyrimidine (XII) and 8-phenyl-5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydroquinazoline (XIV) were obtained from phenylacetone (XI) and 2-phenylcyclohexanone (XIII) respectively. Dehydrogenation of (XIV) with sulfur afforded 8-phenylquinazoline (XV).
Frictional Characteristics of Ultra–Thin Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Films Deposited by Hot Filament–Chemical Vapor Deposition (HFCVD) (2010)

Frictional characteristics of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films deposited by a hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) method on glass substrates was investigated. A universal micro-tribotester (UMT) was used in the ball-on-flat configuration to examine the effect of coefficient of friction (COF). The effects of normal force (2.5–15 N), sliding speed (1.4 × 10−3 to 14 mm/s) and film thickness (0.3, 1, 5, 10 μm) on the frictional behavior of the PTFE film were tested. Optical microscopy was used to examine the wear tracks of the PTFE films. In addition, durability of the PTFE films was examined by monitoring the change of COF in ball-on-disk tests. The COF values of the tested PTFE films were found to be in the range 0.03–0.18 depending on the measurement conditions. In particular, PTFE exhibits a low COF at slow speeds and high normal forces compared to a high COF at high speeds and small normal forces. Modified Hertzian contact equations and finite element analysis were used to analyze the indentation process. Comparison with the width of the experimental wear tracks indicates that the PTFE layer has a small contribution in carrying the normal load yet provides good protection against tangential forces.
Self-Aligned Bank Formation of Organic Electroluminescent Devices Using Ink-Jet Printing Method (2004)

The self-aligned bank formation of organic electroluminescent devices using the ink-jet printing method was proposed and investigated. A solution of organic materials mixed with host and emission materials was printed on an indium–tin–oxide-coated glass substrate covered with an insulating polymer layer. The insulating material was dissolved in a solvent, and a mixture of organic materials was formed at the same position as that of the ink-jet-printed region, that is, a self-aligned organic electroluminescent device was realized. The diameter of the emission region was 200 µm and a luminance of 9,070 cd/m2 was obtained using an electrophosphorescent material.
Die Synthese von 5α‐Stigmastatrien‐(7. 22.25)‐ol‐(3β) (1970)

Abstract Das Äthinylcarbinol 3 aus 3β‐Acetoxy‐22.23‐dinor‐5α‐cholen‐(7)‐aldehyd ( 2 ) und Butin‐(1)‐ylmagnesiumbromid wird zum Allylalkohol 4 hydriert, der bei der Claisen ‐Umlagerung mit dem keten‐ O . N ‐acetal 5 das Amid 7 ergibt. Lithiumalanatreduktion und Cope Abbau führen zum Titelsterin 1 . Aus den epimeren Formen von 4 erhält man in stereospezifischer Reaktion die beiden 24‐epimeren Sterine 1 . Die Stereochemie der Claisen ‐Umlagerung wird diskutiert.
Use of biopolymer entrapped sulfate reducing bacteria and metal nanoparticles for effective aqueous sulfate removal (2013)

Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) isolated from activated sludge were used to investigate sulfate removal from aqueous solution using calcium alginate entrapped SRB in batch studies with ethanol and lactose as the carbon sources. The interferences of pH, temperature, Al3+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ on sulfate removal were also investigated. Further, sulfate removal experiments were conducted with co-entrapped SRB and nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) and separately entrapped SRB and NZVI. Results indicate that EntSRB can effectively remove sulfate from aqueous solution. 88-95% sulfate removal was achieved. Both ethanol and lactose worked well as carbon sources for entrapped bacteria. Interference studies indicated low sulfate removal in the presence of 25-50 mg/L of aluminum and zinc. Low pH (pH&#8804; 4) and low temperature (5?C) decreased sulfate reduction. NZVI appeared to have negative effects on SRB. Loading of 0.05 and 0.1 g of NZVI led to lower SO42- removal as compared to experiments without NZVI.
A new DCT matrix precoding based RI-OFDMA uplink system for PAPR reduction (2012)

High peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is one of the major drawbacks in the transmitted random-interleaved orthogonal frequency division multiple access (RI-OFDMA) uplink signal. The PAPR increases the complexity of analogue-to-digital (A/D) and digital-to-analogue (D/A) convertors and also reduces the efficiency of RF high-power-amplifier (HPA). This paper presents a new Discrete-Cosine transform matrix (DCTM) precoding based RI-OFDMA uplink system for high PAPR reduction. Computer simulation results show that the proposed precoding based uplink system has low PAPR as compare to those of the Walsh-Hadamard transform (WHT) precoding based RI-OFDMA uplink systems and the conventional RI-OFDMA uplink systems respectively. Additionally, the biterror-rate (BER) performance of the proposed uplink system is much better than the conventional RI-OFDMA uplink systems and at par with the WHT precoded RI-OFDMA uplink systems. Therefore, such a good improvements in both PAPR and BER offered by the proposed precoding based uplink system can notably reduce the cost and complexity of the uplink transmitter.
A simple yet effective chromogenic reagent for the rapid estimation of bromate and hypochlorite in drinking water (2012)

We present a method for the rapid visible assay of bromate and hypochlorite in drinking water within 5 min. The assay utilizes a commercially common reagent and allows the determination of bromate and hypochlorite at several ppb levels with remarkably high selectivity over other ions.
Design of fiber optic IIR filters for processing lightwave signals (1990)

Realization of direct forms infinite-impulse response digital filters using various radiatively-tappered fiber optic delay lines is discussed. Such filters are attractive because they can provide better magnitude characteristics in their frequency response for a smaller number of taps than finite-impulse response filters can. These realizations use spatial light modulators and thus can be incorporated into optical adaptive filters for processing lightwave signals. Models of error sources in the fiber optical realization and their effects on both time and frequency response characteristics are explained. Cascading of lower order subsystems to obtain higher order filters is discussed. A possible way of improving the insertion loss using Erbium doped fiber optic amplifiers is derived.
A physical resist shrinkage model for full-chip lithography simulations (2016)

Strong resist shrinkage effects have been widely observed in resist profiles after negative tone development (NTD) and therefore must be taken into account in computational lithography applications. However, existing lithography simulation tools, especially those designed for full-chip applications, lack resist shrinkage modeling capabilities because they are not needed until only recently when NTD processes begin to replace the conventional positive tone development (PTD) processes where resist shrinkage effects are negligible. In this work we describe the development of a physical resist shrinkage (PRS) model for full-chip lithography simulations and present its accuracy evaluation against experimental data.
Recent Advances in the Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of gp120-Mediated Neurotoxicity (2022)

Axonal degeneration and loss of synapses are often seen in different brain areas of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Nevertheless, the underlying causes of the pathological alterations observed in these individuals are poorly comprehended, considering that HIV does not infect neurons. Experimental data have shown that viral proteins, including the envelope protein gp120, cause synaptic pathology followed by neuronal cell death. These neurotoxic effects on synapses could be the result of a variety of mechanisms that decrease synaptic plasticity. In this paper, we will briefly present new emerging concepts connected with the ability of gp120 to promote the degeneration of synapses by either directly damaging the axonal cytoskeleton and/or the indirect activation of the p75 neurotrophin receptor death domain in dendrites.