gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Top‐down MS, a powerful complement to the high capabilities of proteolysis proteomics (2007)

For the characterization of protein sequences and post-translational modifications by MS, the 'top-down' proteomics approach utilizes molecular and fragment ion mass data obtained by ionizing and dissociating a protein in the mass spectrometer. This requires more complex instrumentation and methodology than the far more widely used 'bottom-up' approach, which instead uses such data of peptides from the protein's digestion, but the top-down data are far more specific. The ESI MS spectrum of a 14 protein mixture provides full separation of its molecular ions for MS/MS dissociation of the individual components. False-positive rates for the identification of proteins are far lower with the top-down approach, and quantitation of multiply modified isomers is more efficient. Bottom-up proteolysis destroys the information on the size of the protein and the connectivities of the peptide fragments, but it has no size limit for protein digestion. In contrast, the top-down approach has a approximately 500 residue, approximately 50 kDa limitation for the extensive molecular ion dissociation required. Basic studies indicate that this molecular ion intractability arises from greatly strengthened electrostatic interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, in the gas-phase molecular ions. This limit is now greatly extended by variable thermal and collisional activation just after electrospray ('prefolding dissociation'). This process can cleave 287 inter-residue bonds in the termini of a 1314 residue (144 kDa) protein, specify previously unidentified disulfide bonds between eight of 27 cysteines in a 1714 residue (200 kDa) protein, and correct sequence predictions in two proteins, one of 2153 residues (229 kDa).
Stress as a Trigger for Relapses in IBD: A Case-Crossover Study (2013)

This study supports earlier findings regarding perceived stress as an important factor in triggering relapses in IBD. However, this is the first case-crossover study performed to explore the trigger risk of stress in this population. Further investigations with larger patient samples are needed to confirm the findings.
'Plasmonics' in free space: observation of giant wavevectors, vortices\n and energy backflow in superoscillatory optical fields (2018)

Evanescent light can be localized at the nanoscale by resonant absorption in\na plasmonic nanoparticle or taper or by transmission through a nanohole.\nHowever, a conventional lens cannot focus free-space light beyond half of the\nwavelength {\\lambda}. Nevertheless, precisely tailored interference of multiple\nwaves can form a hotspot in free space of arbitrarily small size known as\nsuperoscillation. Here, we report a new type of integrated metamaterial\ninterferometry that allows for the first time mapping of fields with deep\nsubwavelength resolution ~ {\\lambda}/100. It reveals that electromagnetic field\nnear the superoscillatory hotspot has many features similar to those found near\nresonant plasmonic nanoparticles or nanoholes: the hotspots are surrounded by\nnanoscale phase singularities (~ {\\lambda}/50 in size) and zones where the\nphase of the wave changes more than tenfold faster than in a standing wave.\nThese areas with high local wavevectors are pinned to phase vortices and zones\nof energy backflow (~ {\\lambda}/20 in size) that contribute to tightening of\nthe main focal spot size beyond the Abbe-Rayleigh limit. Our observations\nreveal the analogy between plasmonic nano-focusing of evanescent waves and\nsuperoscillatory nano-focusing of free-space waves, and prove the fundamental\nlink between superoscillations and superfocusing offering new opportunities for\nnanoscale metrology and imaging.\n
Research and Analysis of Coordinate Transformation Methods in Engineering Survey (2012)

We summarize the common coordinate transformation methods between BJ54,XA80 and CGCS2000 in engineering survey.Then we analyze the methods using self-developed software,some valuable conclusions are goeten.
Reduced influence of perceptual context in schizophrenia: behavioral and neurophysiological evidence (2019)

In addition to replicating and extending findings of abnormal contour integration and visual context modulation in SCZ, we provide novel evidence that the abnormal use of perceptual context is associated with higher-order sensory and cognitive processes.
Prehabilitation and early rehabilitation after spinal surgery: randomized clinical trial (2010)

The integrated programme of prehabilitation and early rehabilitation improved the outcome and shortened the hospital stay - without more complications, pain or dissatisfaction.
A wavelet-based KL-like expansion for wide-sense stationary random processes (1994)

We describe a wavelet-based series expansion for wide-sense stationary processes. The expansion coefficients are uncorrelated random variables, a property similar to that of a Karhunen-Loeve (KL) expansion. Unlike the KL expansion, however, the wavelet-based expansion does not require the solution of the eigen equation and does not require that the process be time-limited. This expansion also has advantages over Fourier series, which is often used as an approximation to the KL expansion, in that it completely eliminates correlation and that the computation for its coefficients are more stable over large time intervals. The basis functions of this expansion can be obtained easily from wavelets of the Lemaire-Meyer (1990) type and the power spectral density of the process. Finally, the expansion can be extended to some nonstationary processes, such as those with wide-sense stationary increments.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
[Synthesis and antibacterial activity of benzoylaminoacyl-penicillins and related compounds with and without acylated catechol substituents]. (1992)

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Benzoylaminoacyl Penicillins and Related Compounds with and without Acylated Catechol Substituents. Syntheses of benzoyl, cinnamoyl, and benzoylhydrazido glyoxyloyl aminoacyl penicillins with and without acylated catechol substituents by condensation of corresponding acids or acylchlorides with ampicillin or amoxycillin and also of a 6-a-methoxy-derivative and corresponding esters are reported. Acylated catechol substituents improve the antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, especially against Pseudomonas strains and Salmonella. MIC tests of bacterial mutants with higher outer membrane penetrability and of the corresponding wild typs show that the increase of antibacterial activity by catechol substituents is caused by improvement of the penetration through the bacterial outer membran. The affinity to penicillin binding proteins is not influenced by catechol substituents. Stability against beta-lactamases is partly higher than that of azlocillin.
Isolation and characterization of a novel haemoprotein b-559 from Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum) (1987)

A haemoprotein was purified to apparent homogeneity from Bengal-gram seeds. The purified protein exhibited an absorption maximum at 412 nm (Soret band) that upon reduction with dithionite gave rise to a shift in the Soret band to 426 nm with concomitant appearance of an alpha-band at 559 nm and a beta-band at 530 nm. In the reduced state the Bengal-gram haemoprotein showed reactivity towards CO, nitrite and hydroxylamine. SDS/polyacrylamide-slab-gel electrophoresis showed that the haemoprotein has Mr 78,000. Gel-filtration and ultracentrifugal analyses suggest that the Bengal-gram haemoprotein is oligomeric in nature. Since it differs from photosynthetic membrane cytochrome b-559 in solubility in buffer, in reactivity towards CO and in molecular size, it appears to be a novel haemoprotein b-559.
Nuclear Batteries Enable Decades of Uninterrupted Life for Microelectronic Systems (2022)

Abstract Nuclear radioisotope batteries are a class of energy dense power sources that convert radioactive decay particle energy directly into electricity for powering sensors, electronics, and medical implants in applications where battery replacement is difficult or impossible. In order to show the potential benefits of integrating these types of power sources into microelectronic sensor systems, three recent examples from the literature are considered: a gas sensor; a communication component (radio frequency front-end); and a photoplethysmographic sensor. These were selected to represent three common microsystem components: environmental sensors; communication components; and biological sensors. In each case, system operational lifetime is computed when powered with a commercial Li-ion coin cell battery, followed by a comparison with three nuclear battery prototypes from the literature. In each case, the nuclear power sources allow potential continuous, unattended operational life to be extended by an order of magnitude or more, typically from less than one year to decades of continuous use. Advantages and disadvantages of nuclear batteries in general are also addressed.
Electrochemical Cobalt‐Catalyzed C−H Activation (2018)

Carbon-heteroatom bonds represent omnipresent structural motifs of the vast majority of functionalized materials and bioactive compounds. C-H activation has emerged as arguably the most efficient strategy to construct C-Het bonds. Despite of major advances, these C-H transformations were largely dominated by precious transition metal catalysts, in combination with stoichiometric, toxic metal oxidants. Herein, we discuss the recent evolution of cobalt-catalyzed C-H activations that enable C-Het formations with electricity as the sole sustainable oxidant until May 2018.
2A1-A04 Subgoal generation in consideration of disturbance in autoberthing system(New Control Theory and Motion Control) (2012)

This paper describes a proposal of a subgoal generation method in consideration of disturbance in autoberthing system. The subgoal is generated to the contrary of the direction passed by disturbance, while the ship is not outputting at a start point. Since the berthing can be performed from the position in consideration of disturbance passing by aiming at the subgoal to near the goal, it is thought that success rate of autoberthing improves. Although influence of the disturbance is presumed based on position estimate in this method, the influence of this disturbance is used only for the standard. For this reason, even if an error is in position estimate, it is thought that it is effective. So, in this paper, improvement in success rate of autoberthing by subgoal generation and the flexibility of the subgoal were investigated and proved.
HGT-ID: an efficient and sensitive workflow to detect human-viral insertion sites using next-generation sequencing data (2018)

HGT-ID is a novel computational workflow to detect the integration of viruses in the human genome using the sequencing data. It is fast and accurate with functions such as prioritization, annotation, visualization and primer design for future validation of HGTs. The HGT-ID workflow is released under the MIT License and available at http://kalarikrlab.org/Software/HGT-ID.html .
Vanishing Point Detection and Rail Segmentation Based on Deep Multi-Task Learning (2020)

In modern railway systems, video surveillance and machine vision analysis have been widely used to detect perimeter intrusions. For pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) cameras, the machine vision system needs to detect adjustments in PTZ cameras and then automatically determine the new alarm region in real time. In this paper, we propose a deep multi-task learning based algorithm for simultaneous vanishing point (VP) detection and rail segmentation, which can identify camera adjustment from changes in VP, and then automatically determine the alarm region from segmented rails. The multi-task based neural network consists of a feature extraction base network and three sub-task networks. The first sub-task network is a convolution regression network for VP detection. The second sub-task network utilizes an encoder-decoder structure for vanishing region (VR, a fixed region centered on VP) segmentation. The third sub-task network shares the encoder-decoder structure with the VR segmentation task and is used for rail segmentation. The VR segmentation task is activated only at the training stage, serving as an auxiliary task to enhance feature learning ability and increase VP detection accuracy. To further improve the accuracies of VP detection and rail segmentation, low-level features is modulated by high-level semantic information before feeding to the decoder stage. With the help of shared feature extraction and auxiliary training, the proposed VP prediction method needs very small training dataset and outperforms other methods in both efficiency and accuracy.
Natural Inhibitors of Maillard Browning (2013)

Abstract : This report documents research of a novel natural means of inhibiting Maillard browning, also known as non-enzymatic browning, a complex reaction which can lead to darkening of color, off-odors, off-flavors, and nutritive degradation in food. These efforts were performed by the US Department of Defense Combat Feeding Directorate (CFD) at the Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center between 2009 and 2012. This reaction has been a consistent problem for CFD's program for extended shelf-life ration components. Many ration components such as dairy based products, cheese spreads, bakery items, and other thermally and non-thermally processed items exhibit some level of Maillard browning over time in storage. This report details initial research that was performed in the laboratory on a model buffer system with glucose and glycine added and then scaled and incorporated in food formulations. Method development and chemical assays were performed to determine the color and chemical changes found in the model systems. The concentration of inhibitor was optimized, and the most effective inhibitors (rosmarinic acid and epigallocaetechin gallate) were further studied in rations (baked rolls and sugar/protein-complexed applesauce). The natural inhibitory compounds were successful in limiting the Maillard browning in model systems and food items. The Hunter colorimeter, UV absorbance, pictorial display, and GC/MS confirmed the mitigation of the Maillard browning reaction. The addition of the inhibitor resulted in less browning.
Synthesis, chiroptical and SHG properties of polarizable push–pull dyes built on π-extended binaphthyls (2015)

Novel binaphthyl push–pull dyes extend their π-bridge and incorporate as acceptors pyridine units, useful for further supramolecular polarization.
Capacity and Security of Heterogeneous Distributed Storage Systems (2013)

The capacity of heterogeneous distributed storage systems under repair dynamics is studied. Examples of these systems include peer-to-peer storage clouds, wireless, and Internet caching systems. Nodes in a heterogeneous system can have different storage capacities and different repair bandwidths. Lower and upper bounds on the system capacity are given. These bounds depend on either the average resources per node, or on a detailed knowledge of the node characteristics. Moreover, the case in which nodes may be compromised by an adversary (passive or active) is addressed and bounds on the secure capacity of the system are derived. One implication of these new results is that symmetric repair maximizes the capacity of a homogeneous system, which justifies the model widely used in the literature.
Inter- and Intramolecular Electron-Transfer Reduction Properties of Coronenediimide Derivatives via Photoinduced Processes (2017)

Coronenediimide derivatives with five- or six-membered maleimide groups [denoted as Cor(5Im)2 and Cor(6Im)2] were employed as electron acceptors to examine the electron-transfer reduction properties through photochemical and electrochemical measurements. In steady-state absorption and fluorescence measurements, the spectra of Cor(5Im)2 and Cor(6Im)2 became remarkably broadened and red-shifted as compared to pristine coronene (Cor). These results are supported by electrochemical measurements and DFT calculations. The rate constants of photoinduced intermolecular electron transfer from various donor molecules to 3Cor(5Im)2* or 3Cor(6Im)2* are determined by nanosecond transient absorption measurements. Although the back-electron-transfer reactions examined in this study proceed with the diffusion-limited rate constant in benzonitrile (PhCN), the rate constants of forward electron-transfer reactions (ket) increase with an increase in the driving force of electron transfer (−ΔGet) to approach the diffusion-limited rate constant. When the driving force dependence of ket was fit on the basis of the Marcus theory of electron transfer, the reorganization energy (λ) of the electron-transfer reduction of Cor(5Im)2 and Cor(6Im)2 are determined to be 0.77 and 1.15 eV, respectively. A new covalently perylene-linked donor–acceptor dyad was also synthesized to investigate the dynamics of ultrafast photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer.
ChemInform Abstract: Sr2OsO5 and Sr7Os4O19, Two Structurally Related, Mott Insulating Osmates(VI) Exhibiting Substantially Reduced Spin Paramagnetic Response. (2016)

Abstract The title compounds are prepared by solid state reactions of SrO 2 , OsO 2 , and Os metal (quartz ampule, 1073 K, 24 h) and characterized by powder XRD and magnetic measurements.
Detection of single Rhodamine 6G molecules in levitated microdroplets (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetection of single Rhodamine 6G molecules in levitated microdropletsMichael D. Barnes, Kin C. Ng, William B. Whitten, and J. Michael. RamseyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 17, 2360–2365Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00065a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00065a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views572Altmetric-Citations127LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
COVID-19 and Delayed Cerebral Ischemia—More in Common Than First Meets the Eye (2021)

Since the arrival of the global COVID-19 pandemic scientists around the world have been working to understand the pathological mechanisms resulting from infection. There has gradually been an understanding that COVID-19 triggers a widespread endotheliopathy and that this can result in a widespread thrombosis and in particular a microthrombosis. The mechanisms involved in the microthrombosis are not confined to infection and there is evidence that patients with aneurysmal sub-arachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) also suffer from an endotheliopathy and microthrombosis. In this article we attempt to shed light on similarities in the underlying processes involved in both diseases and suggest potential treatment options.
Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report with cytological features in a sixteen-year-old girl (2006)

We report a case of a 16-yr-old girl with a liver tumor revealed by thrombophlebitis of the left leg. On physical examination the patient was found to have painless hepatomegaly. Ultrasound and CAT scan showed a large tumor of the left portion of the liver, measuring 14 cm in diameter. Cytological preparations were touch imprints of the biopsy fragments obtained under ultrasound guidance. Cytological examination using May-Grünwald Giemsa stain revealed highly cellular smears containing large tumor cells with a round nucleus, prominent nucleoli, and abundant granular basophilic cytoplasm. Cytological features were those of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma, confirmed by histological examination of the biopsy sample as well as the surgical specimen obtained after wide excision of the lesion following ineffective neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2006;34:568–571. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Integrated photonic delay-lasers for reservoir computing (2020)

Currently, multiple photonic reservoir computing systems show great promise for providing a practical yet powerful hardware substrate for neuromorphic computing. Among those, delay-based systems offer a simple technological route to implement photonic neuromorphic computation. Its operation boils down to a time-multiplexing with the delay length limiting the processing speed. As most optical setups end up to be bulky employing long fiber loops or free-space optics, the processing speeds are ranging from kSa/s to tens of MSa/s. Therefore, we focus on external cavities which are far shorter than what has been realized before in such experiments. We present experimental results of reservoir computing based on a semiconductor laser, operating in a single mode regime around 1550nm, with a 10.8cm delay line. Both are integrated on an active/passive InP photonic chip built on the Jeppix platform. Using 23 virtual nodes spaced 50 ps apart in the integrated delay section, we increase the processing speed to 0.87GSa/s. The computational performance is benchmarked on a forecasting task applied to chaotic time samples. Competitive performance is observed for injection currents above threshold, with higher pumps having lower prediction errors. The feedback strength can be controlled by electrically pumping integrated amplifiers within the delay section. Nevertheless, we find good performance even when these amplifiers are unpumped. To proof the relevance and necessity of the external cavity on the computational capacity, we have analysed linear and nonlinear memory tasks. We also propose several post-processing methods, which increase the performance without a penalty to speed.