gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The probability of a positive bone scan in patients who were treated with adrogen ablasio therapy for rising PSA after radical prostatectomy (2006)

4574 Background: Physicians often order periodic bone scans to check for metastases in patients treated with androgen ablation therapy (ADT) for rising PSA (biochemical recurrence; BCR) following radical prostatectomy. However, most of these scans are negative. We studied patient characteristics to build a predictive model for a positive scan (+BS) in that setting. Methods: From our prostate cancer database we identified all patients with detectable PSA after radical prostatectomy that were treated by ADT for BCR only. There were 511 BS performed in patients treated with ADT for BCR. Among them, 151 BS were performed for patients with BCR only with out previous evidence of bone metastases (1–8 BS for patient with median of one). We analyzed the following potential predictors for a positive bone scan at the time of each bone scan: preoperative PSA, history of neoadjuvant ADT (NA-ADT), time to BCR, pathologic findings (surgical margin, extracapsular extension, seminal vesicle invasion, lymph node metastases, and Gleason score), PSA before the BS (trigger PSA), PSA doubling time and time from BCR to BS. The results were incorporated into a predictive model. Results: Among the 151 BS, only 35 (23%) were positive for metastases. In multivariate analysis, only trigger PSA (P &lt; 0.001, OR 1.84) and NA-ADT (P = 0.02, OR 1.32) predicted a +BS. Probability of +BS according to PSA of 0–2, 2.1–4, 4.1–10, 10.1–20 and above 20.1 were 4.7%, 15.3%, 29.6%, 46.1% and 63.3% respectively. A nomogram was constructed for predicting the probability of +BS, and was found to have a concordance index of 0.83. Calibration of the nomogram according to bootstrap analysis showed that the nomogram is reasonably accurate. Conclusions: Trigger PSA and a history of neoadjuvant ADT were associated with a +BS. Omitting scans in low-risk patients could reduce substantially the number of scans ordered. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Peptides inhibiting specific cleaving activities of presenilins (2008)

Genetic and biological studies provide evidence that the deposition of amyloid-β peptide contributes to the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Amyloid-β peptides are generated from amyloid-β precursor protein by β- and γ-secretases that are plausible molecular targets for AD treatment. γ-Secretase is an intramembrane-cleaving aspartic protease that is composed of a membrane protein complex containing presenilin. This patent describes a method to inhibit γ-secretase-mediated cleavage by new cell-permeable peptides that are designed on the basis of the interaction mode of amyloid-β precursor protein and presenilin. This patent provides a new strategy for the modulation of the γ-secretase activity towards the development of AD therapeutics.
Fréchet kernels for body wave amplitudes (2001)

Summary

We derive a 3D Frechet sensitivity kernel relating the rms amplitude of a far-field, broad-band body-wave pulse to laterally heterogeneous seismic slowness variations within the earth. Unlike the ‘banana–doughnut’ sensitivity kernel for a cross-correlation traveltime, the amplitude Frechet kernel for a turning wave is maximally sensitive, rather than completely insensitive, to the 3D slowness perturbation along the central source-to-receiver ray. In the asymptotic limit of an infinite-frequency pulse, our 3D amplitude kernel formulation is consistent with the dominant 1D integral involving the cross-path curvature of the slowness perturbation along the unperturbed geometrical ray.
Expression of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), BMP receptors, and BMP associated proteins in human trabecular meshwork and optic nerve head cells and tissues. (2002)

Members of the BMP family of genes, including BMPs, BMP receptors, and inhibitory BMP associated proteins are expressed in the human TM and ONH. These molecules may be involved in the normal formation and function of these tissues. Altered expression of members of this gene family may lead to functional changes in the TM and ONH. These genes and their respective signaling pathways merit further research to examine their possible role in glaucoma.
Absence of TRIM32 Leads to Reduced GABAergic Interneuron Generation and Autism-like Behaviors in Mice via Suppressing mTOR Signaling (2019)

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling plays essential roles in brain development. Hyperactive mTOR is an essential pathological mechanism in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here, we show that tripartite motif protein 32 (TRIM32), as a maintainer of mTOR activity through promoting the proteasomal degradation of G protein signaling protein 10 (RGS10), regulates the proliferation of medial/lateral ganglionic eminence (M/LGE) progenitors. Deficiency of TRIM32 results in an impaired generation of GABAergic interneurons and autism-like behaviors in mice, concomitant with an elevated autophagy, which can be rescued by treatment embryonically with 3BDO, an mTOR activator. Transplantation of M/LGE progenitors or treatment postnatally with clonazepam, an agonist of the GABAA receptor, rescues the hyperexcitability and the autistic behaviors of TRIM32-/- mice, indicating a causal contribution of GABAergic disinhibition. Thus, the present study suggests a novel mechanism for ASD etiology in that TRIM32 deficiency-caused hypoactive mTOR, which is linked to an elevated autophagy, leads to autism-like behaviors via impairing generation of GABAergic interneurons. TRIM32-/- mouse is a novel autism model mouse.
Free‐radical retrograde‐precipitation copolymerization of vinyl acetate and acrylic acid (2009)

Abstract Free‐radical chain polymerization kinetics of vinyl acetate (VA) and acrylic acid (AA) exhibit some unusual control features. The VA radicals have a high rate of chain transfer leading to relatively sluggish propagation rates. Polymerization of AA, however, is prone to autoacceleration behavior in bulk, solution, and precipitating media. Thus, conventional statistical copolymerization of VA and AA would result in the preferential formation of high AA content copolymer. However, when the reaction medium is chosen in such a way that the copolymer precipitates above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST), propagation control and even monomer sequence control are obtained. Under these conditions, when the VA charge is much greater than AA, a tapered block copolymer (VA‐t‐AA) is obtained. We report a single stage polymerization process for the synthesis of such materials. The presence of VA‐t‐AA products is verified by emulsification, solubility, fractionation, size exclusion chromatography, NMR, and thermal analyses. In addition, propagation control can virtually eliminate formation of bimodal MWD and random/homopolymer materials that are associated with various chain transfer mechanisms in conventional polymerization routes. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Low-Voltage Organic Transistors on Plastic Comprising High-Dielectric Constant Gate Insulators (1999)

The gate bias dependence of the field-effect mobility in pentacene-based insulated gate field-effect transistors (IGFETs) was interpreted on the basis of the interaction of charge carriers with localized trap levels in the band gap. This understanding was used to design and fabricate IGFETs with mobility of more than 0.3 square centimeter per volt per second and current modulation of 10(5), with the use of amorphous metal oxide gate insulators. These values were obtained at operating voltage ranges as low as 5 volts, which are much smaller than previously reported results. An all-room-temperature fabrication process sequence was used, which enabled the demonstration of high-performance organic IGFETs on transparent plastic substrates, at low operating voltages for organic devices.
Synthesis of Tetrazolopiperazine Building Blocks by a Novel Multi‐Component Reaction. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Urkund och fysikrapporter - detektering av plagierande nanostudenter (2013)

Urkund ar ett webbaserat verktyg for detektering av plagierade texter i uppsatser. Jag har anvant det for att studera om det upptacker kopierad text i tva typer av inlamningsuppgifter for 3de samt 4de ars nanostudenter inom omradet halvledarfysik. En laborationsrapport samt en litteraturstudie har undersokts. Av studien kan tva resultat dras. 1 -­ Urkund kan anvandas inom nanofysik, da det har tillgang till relevanta tidskrifter. 2  - av  de undersokta rapporterna ar plagiering inget problem. Fran de totalt 50 studerade rapporterna s  var det endast en som har kopierat nagon ansenlig mangd text. I slutsatsen kommenteras vidare hur Urkund skulle kunna anvandas inom nanoutbildningen.
Thyroid Cartilage Fracture Repair in Rabbits: Comparing Healing With Wire and Miniplate Fixation (1999)

The results demonstrate the ease, tolerability, and superiority of the miniplate fixation technique for the thyroid cartilage fractures, based on a rabbit model.
Ti:LiNbO3 Photonic Switch Modules for large, Strictly Non-blocking Architectures (1993)

The understanding of guided wave switching devices and optical switching system needs has matured such that it is appropriate to consider optimum system architectures and optimum device topology(1,2,3). Here we report switch modules which simultaneously optimize these constraints. We first describe an architecture that deals with the constraints of guided wave photonic switch arrays. Then we discuss the design, fabrication and testing of the switch modules utilized in this architecture.
"What's the Magic Word?" "Were You Born in a Tent?" -- The Challenge of Accounting for Parents' Use of Indirect Forms of Speech with Children (1991)

Ventilatory responses to CO2 or hypoxia were examined in rabbits during acupuncture anesthesia and compared with responses during pentobarbital anesthesia. The responses during pentobarbital anesthesia were significantly less than those during acupuncture anesthesia. The results showed that acupuncture analgesia was effective during performance of these experiments.
AAD-2004, a potent spin trapping molecule and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 inhibitor, shows safety and efficacy in a mouse model of ALS (2010)

Abstract While free radicals and inflammation constitute major routes of neuronal injury occurring in neurodegenerative diseases, neither antioxidants nor nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have shown significant efficacy in human clinical trials. To explore the possibility that concurrent blockade of free radicals and PGE2-mediated inflammation might constitute a safe and effective therapeutic approach to certain neurodegenerative diseases, we have developed 2-hydroxy-5-[2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-ethylaminobezoic acid (AAD-2004) as a derivative of aspirin. AAD-2004 completely removed free radicals at 50 nM as a potent spin trapping molecule and inhibited microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) with an IC50 of 230 nM. Oral administration of AAD-2004 blocked free radical formation, PGE2 formation, and microglial activation in the spinal motor neurons of SOD1G93A mice. As a consequence, AAD-2004 reduced autophagosome formation, axonopathy, and motor neuron degeneration, improving motor function and increasing life span. In these assays, AAD-2004 was superior to ibuprofen or riluzole. Gastric bleeding was not induced by AAD-2004 even at a dose 400-fold higher than that required to obtain maximal therapeutic efficacy in SOD1G93A mice. Targeting both mPGES-1 and free radicals may be a promising approach to reduce neurodegeneration in ALS and possibly other neurodegenerative diseases.
Survey of the preparation, publishing and printing of educational materials for the Caribbean (1986)

Contiene un análisis del cuestionario utilizado para efectuar el estudio sobre preparación, publicación e impresión de materiales educacionales para el Caribe, y algunas respuestas entregadas por los países de la región.
An online nano‐LC‐ESI‐FTICR‐MS method for comprehensive characterization of endogenous fragments from amyloid β and amyloid precursor protein in human and cat cerebrospinal fluid (2012)

Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is the precursor protein to amyloid β (Aβ), the main constituent of senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Endogenous Aβ peptides reflect the APP processing, and greater knowledge of different APP degradation pathways is important to understand the mechanism underlying AD pathology. When one analyzes longer Aβ peptides by low-energy collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), mainly long b-fragments are observed, limiting the possibility to determine variations such as amino acid variants or post-translational modifications (PTMs) within the N-terminal half of the peptide. However, by using electron capture dissociation (ECD), we obtained a more comprehensive sequence coverage for several APP/Aβ peptide species, thus enabling a deeper characterization of possible variants and PTMs. Abnormal APP/Aβ processing has also been described in the lysosomal storage disease Niemann-Pick type C and the major large animal used for studying this disease is cat. By ECD MS/MS, a substitution of Asp7 → Glu in cat Aβ was identified. Further, sialylated core 1 like O-glycans at Tyr10, recently discovered in human Aβ (a previously unknown glycosylation type), were identified also in cat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It is therefore likely that this unusual type of glycosylation is common for (at least) species belonging to the magnorder Boreoeutheria. We here describe a detailed characterization of endogenous APP/Aβ peptide species in CSF by using an online top-down MS-based method.
Оценка точности измерения параметров максимума основного пика функции неопределенности в каналах с аддитивный белым гаусовским шумом (2013)

This article presents a perspective approach to simultaneous time-frequency synchronization of channel level, based on the measurements of the location of the principal peak of uncertainty function of complex phase-shift signals. The essence of the above mentioned approach is the formation of the preamble of complex phase-shift signal package, which allows to solve the problem of signal detecting and time-frequency synchronization. To fulfill these tasks it is necessary make measurements of the module of mutual function of uncertainty of incoming and preamble signals, the latter being used as pulse characteristic of matched filters.
High efficiency, fully inkjet printed organic solar cells with freedom of design (2015)

All-inkjet printed large area organic solar cells deposited from environmentally friendly solvents are demonstrated for the first time.
Circulating Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells are Decreased in COPD (2013)

HPC levels are reduced in subjects with COPD and correlate with emphysema phenotype and severity of obstruction. Reduction of HPCs may disrupt maintenance of the capillary endothelium, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of COPD.
Preparation of a silica‐based high‐performance hydrophobic interaction chromatography stationary phase for protein separation and renaturation (2016)

In this work, based on the structural characteristics of bio-membrane molecules, a novel type of high-performance hydrophobic interaction chromatography stationary phase was prepared using cholesterol as a ligand. Investigating the separation performance of this stationary phase, the effect of pH and salt concentration of the mobile phase on the retention time, the absorption capacity, and the hydrophobic ability revealed that this stationary phase had a high loading capacity and moderate hydrophobic interactions compared with four different hydrophobic interaction chromatography stationary phase ligands. Five types of standard proteins could be baseline separated with a great selection for protein separation. When 3.0 M urea was added to the mobile phase, it could be refolded with simultaneous purification of denatured lysozyme by one-step chromatography. The mass recovery of lysozyme reached 89.5%, and the active recovery was 96.8%. Compared with traditional hydrophobic interaction chromatography, this new stationary phase has a good hydrophobic ability and a significant refolding efficiency.
Differential Regulation of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF)‐2 and FGF Receptor 1 mRNAs and FGF‐2 Isoforms in Spinal Ganglia and Sciatic Nerve After Peripheral Nerve Lesion (1997)

To study the functional role of endogenous basic fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) during degeneration and regeneration of the sensory system, we have determined the expression and regulation of FGF-2 and FGF receptor (FGFR)-1 mRNAs in spinal ganglia and sciatic nerve during experimental transection and crush injury of the sciatic nerve. In contrast to levels of the FGFR-1 transcript, which is not altered, the level of FGF-2 mRNA is dramatically up-regulated in spinal ganglia after injury. In the proximal and distal nerve stumps both transcript levels are significantly elevated, albeit at different time points. The FGF-2 isoforms are differently up-regulated in spinal ganglia and sciatic nerve following peripheral nerve lesion. The differential response of FGF-2 mRNA and protein and of FGFR-1 mRNA in spinal ganglia and sciatic nerve after lesion is suggestive of different physiological functions: a local reaction at the lesion site where axonal regrowth occurs and a trophic reaction for the degenerating/regenerating sensory neurons.
Fourier extrapolation of magnetic fields measured by electron-beam tomography (1994)

A method for calculating the magnetic field on a plane near a magnetic recording head is presented. In this method, the magnetic field is measured at a plane farther from the head. The method involves taking the Fourier transform of the measured field, enhancing the large wave-number region of the spectrum, and effecting the reverse Fourier transform of the modified spectrum. It is estimated that a field 0.1 μm away from the head can be calculated from a field measured 0.3 μm from it, with a maximum error of less than 0.35%. A field 0.5 μm from a thin-film head calculated from the measured field at 0.7 μm has been compared with actual measurements of the field at 0.5 μm and found to agree within 8%.
High Lipoprotein(a) Levels and Small Apolipoprotein(a) Size Prospectively Predict Cardiovascular Events in Dialysis Patients (2005)

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels are increased in dialysis patients, suggesting that they may play a role in the elevated atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk in this population. Few prospective studies of Lp(a) level, apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] size, and ASCVD have been performed in the dialysis population. An inception cohort of 833 incident dialysis patients were followed prospectively. Baseline Lp(a) was measured by apo(a) size-independent ELISA and apo(a) size by Western blot after SDS-agarose gel electrophoresis. A combined prospective nonfatal and fatal ASCVD end point included myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, cerebrovascular accident, carotid endarterectomy, peripheral revascularization, gangrene, or limb amputation. Survival analyses were performed with adjustment for baseline demographics, comorbid conditions, ASCVD risk factors, albumin, lipids, and C-reactive protein. Median follow-up was 27.4 mo, with 297 ASCVD events, 130 non-ASCVD deaths, and seven losses to follow-up over 1649 person-years. In multivariate Cox regression models, both high Lp(a) concentration (>/=53 nmol/L) and low molecular weight (LMW) apo(a) isoforms (</=22 Kringle-IV repeats) predicted ASCVD events (relative hazard [RH] = 1.38, P = 0.02; RH = 1.58, P < 0.0005, respectively). In models that included both Lp(a) concentration and apo(a) size, only apo(a) size remained associated with ASCVD. Among those with both LMW apo(a) and Lp(a) level >123 nmol/L, the relative hazard (RH) of ASCVD was 1.73 (P < 0.0005), compared with high molecular weight apo(a) and Lp(a) level <123 nmol/L. No interactions by age, race, gender, diabetes, or ASCVD were present. Both LMW apo(a) size and high Lp(a) level predict ASCVD risk in dialysis patients, but the association of ASCVD with LMW isoforms is stronger than the association with high Lp(a) concentration.
Structure-function relationships for the IL 2-receptor system. IV. Analysis of the sequence and ligand-binding properties of soluble Tac protein. (1987)

The Tac protein is one of at least two glycoproteins known to bind the growth and differentiation factor interleukin 2 (IL 2). In addition to its location on the cell surface, where it plays a part in high and low affinity IL 2 receptors, Tac is released from activated lymphocytes in a soluble form. We observed this release both for Tac protein labeled biosynthetically and for Tac protein labeled by surface iodination of intact cells. Competitive binding studies indicated that the soluble Tac protein retained an ability to bind IL 2 with a low affinity (Kd of 11.1 nM). In addition, structural analysis revealed that the polypeptide chain began at position 1 and ended at or just before Cys-192 of the full-length molecule. Thus, the protein was missing its normal transmembrane and intracytoplasmic segments, accounting for its solubility and cellular release. The apparent lack of modification in the amino acid sequence and the termination at Cys-192 are inconsistent with a mechanism of cellular release dependent only on alternate mRNA splicing. Instead, the results suggest that proteolysis may accompany the release of soluble Tac protein from cells expressing IL 2 receptors.
Plasma remediation of gas streams contaminated by trichloroethylene (1992)

There is increasing interest in using plasmas to cleanse gas streams of toxic gases and for toxic waste remediation. Silent discharges (or dielectric barrier discharges) are attractive in this regard because they operate stably at high power deposition and atmospheric pressure. The authors have experimentally and computationally investigated the removal of trichloroethylene (C{sub 2}HCl{sub 3}) or TCE from Ar/O{sub 2}/H{sub 2}O gas streams using a silent discharge. Experimental results will be discussed where TCE is removed from the gas stream (1000 ppm reduced to < 1 ppm) with moderate energy deposition (10s mJ-cm{sup {minus}3}). The desired reaction products are CO{sub 2} and UC1. The plasma removal of TCE, however, directly produces undesirable products such as CHOCl and COCl{sub 2} (phosgene). These products can also be oxidized and removed from the gas stream by further increasing power deposition beyond that required for removal of TCE. Reaction mechanisms will be discussed with results from a plasma chemistry computer model.
Redefining prognostic factors for breast cancer: YB-1 is a stronger predictor of relapse and disease-specific survival than estrogen receptor or HER-2 across all tumor subtypes (2008)

Expression of YB-1 universally identifies patients at high risk across all breast cancer subtypes and in situations where more aggressive treatment may be needed. We therefore propose that YB-1 may re-define high-risk breast cancer and thereby create opportunities for individualized therapy.