gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reconfiguration of Electric Distribution Networks Based on SR-ACA (2011)

Distribution network reconfiguration is a non-linear combinatorial optimization problem. It is defined as altering the topological structures of the power system by changing the open/closed states of the sectionalizing and tie switches.The aim is to reduce the power loss, and eliminate the overload of the lines, and improve the power quality, and restore the power supply to non-fault area in the distribution network and so on. Combined with distribution networks, The paper proposed an improved ant colony algorithm under the normal operating conditions to solve the distribution network reconfiguration problem. To demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method, an example system is studied.The results on IEEE 71-bus distribution networks are also given,which reveal that the proposed method is feasible and effective.
Development of a domain and solver independent method for mechanical engineering embodiment design (2004)

Computer Aided Design (CAD) systems and tools have been primarily focused on the detailed design stage for mechanical engineering design, providing the user with flexibility and guidance through the later stages of the design process. Recognizing that many of the decisions required for realization of the design artifact are found earlier in design, such as at embodiment design, it is logical to seek to develop design tools for embodiment design. A key issue in developing new intelligent CAD tools is knowledge representation. Engineering knowledge has been represented in many forms, such as rules, procedures, features, frames, and semantic networks. This knowledge may be domain-dependent; a severe limitation for exchange and re-use of design knowledge because of the need for specialized reasoning systems. A standard representation structure that is capable of encapsulating this knowledge would be a useful tool. 
This research is an investigation of the use of the design exemplar in embodiment design as a new knowledge representation structure. The design exemplar provides a standard representation of mechanical engineering design knowledge based upon a canonically derived set of entities and relations. The data structure of the design exemplar is used to declaratively represent geometric and parametric design problems. The general design exemplar algorithm, through solving entity-relation problems, has the capability to facilitate four basic design tasks: pattern-matching, querying, validating, and modifying. 
The concept of integrating atomic design exemplars into composite networks for performing complex design tasks is introduced as a tool for developing and applying the design exemplar in engineering design automation. Two systems have been developed to illustrate the use of the design exemplar in both generative design (exemplar networking and design tool) and variant design (case-based design tool) problem types. This research contributes to the field of design automation by extending the use and understanding of the design exemplar through the introduction of the exemplar network and associated algorithms. The case-based design tool provides a domain independent and solver independent shell for the development of domain-specific user-defined case-based design problems. Entity-relation solver technology is extended to support new relations appropriate for embodiment design problems.
Qualification Testing Towards Utilizing an In Well Flow Meter for Production Optimization and Allocation in Nigeria (2009)

Abstract The Agbami project offshore Nigeria uses a suite of production monitoring, control and optimization tools and techniques. The project uses an intelligent well completion whereby production and injection is optimized from the well through the relevant time feedback of information from downhole pressure, temperature gauges and flow meters. A downhole interval control valve provides the capability to control production and injection, thus maximizing the recovery of hydrocarbon from the field. The field consists of both injection and production wells. Oil production is from multiple zones, which are co-produced into the wellbore. Due to the complexities of the subsea production and injection manifold and riser configurations, downhole flow meters are used for production and injection allocation purposes for the different formations within the reservoir. Agbami Field utilizes an in-well flow meter. The technology is based on a differential pressure full bore electronic flow meter which is first in the industry. The sensors utilized are high resolution pressure and temperature sensors. In order to demonstrate the robustness and the capability of the flow meter for production and injection allocation purposes, a series of flow loop qualification testing have been designed. One of the tests used a mixture of oil and water in a test facility to demonstrate the capability of the flow meter to accurately measure oil and water production. This test is probably the first of its kind using a test structure over 100 ft in height. The paper will outline the aims, the preparation requirements, the conducted test and the resulting qualification testing. It will also demonstrate how the results will assist in the production allocation and optimization of recovery from the field. Through this testing, the operator demonstrated commitment to the intelligent well completion initiative as well as the provision of an accurate method of allocating production using in-well flow meter and pressure and temperature gauges.
Breast tumors: computer-assisted quantitative assessment with color Doppler US. (1994)

Computer-assisted image analysis may be superior to conventional duplex US in helping differentiate between carcinomas and benign lesions.
Modeling Mental Workload and Task Performance for Indirect Vision Driving (2001)

Cognitive workload and task performance are modeled for indirect vision driving with fixed flat panel displays. The model is derived from the results of a field study in which eight participants negotiated a driving course in a military vehicle with natural and indirect vision. For the latter, the vehicle was driven with fixed flat panel, liquid crystal displays in the cab and a forward viewing monocular camera array mounted on the front roof of the vehicle and tilted slightly downward. In addition to recording driving performance, the study collected test battery ratings of the mental workload measures of attention allocation, perceived workload, situational awareness, motion sickness, perceived stress, and cognitive performance. As a result of the study, a mathematical model of road speed was derived for indirect vision driving as a function of the camera's field of view. The model considers the effects of scene compression on the informational needs of the driver in a self-paced task. Concurrently, a task analysis mental workload model was derived for indirect vision driving by mapping the cognitive and mental workload measures to a “skills-rules-knowledge” model of information processing. The model successfully explains apparently conflicting results for indirect vision driving from different experiments that examined on-board and teleoperations from the different camera lens used in the studies.
Abstract 1755: Pretargeted radioimmunotherapy of an anti-CEA bispecific antibody and 177Lu-labeled peptide: a phase I study in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (2012)

Abstract Table of Contents * Pretargeted radioimmunotherapy of an anti-CEA bispecific antibody and 177Lu-labeled peptide: a phase I study in patients with advanced colorectal cancer * Abstract Objectives: Pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT) with bispecific monoclonal antibodies (bsMAb) in combination with a radiolabeled peptide reduces the radiation dose of conventional RIT to normal tissues by rapid tumor targeting and fast blood clearance of the radiolabeled molecule. In this phase I trial, PRIT was investigated in 20 patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC), using a humanized recombinant bsMAb, TF2, targeting carcinoembryonic antigen (CEACAM5) and the hapten-peptide, IMP288, which was radiolabeled with177Lu. The safety, pharmacokinetics, and tumor targeting of these agents were studied, by optimizing the dose schedule of the pretargeting system. Methods: We included four cohorts with five patients per cohort. We studied the interval between the bsMAb and peptide administration and its consequences for the blood clearance of the radiolabeled peptide (cohort 1: 5 days interval vs next cohorts: 1 day). We escalated TF2 dose to saturate tumor antigens (cohort 3: 150 mg TF2, vs other cohorts: 75 mg). Furthermore, we investigated the effect of labelling the same radioactivity doses to a lower peptide dose, which ideally would increase the fractional targeting to the tumors (cohort 4: 25 µg IMP288 vs other cohorts: 100 µg) A pre-therapy cycle with 111In-labeled IMP288 was used to predict the pharmacokinetics and tumor targeting of 177Lu-IMP288, and to assure safety of high 177Lu activity doses (3.7 GBq in cohort 1 and ≤ 7.4 GBq in cohorts 2-4). Toxicity was determined by NCI-CTC v3.0. Whole-body planar and SPECT images were acquired. Results: Toxicity was generally very mild, with only two patients showing grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia, and one with grade 3 dyspnea. Dose escalation did not increase toxicity. Rapid localization of the radiolabeled peptide in the tumor lesions was clearly visualized with scintigraphy within 1 h of injection, with excellent tumor-to-normal tissue ratios (&amp;gt;20 at 24 h after injection in all cohorts). Low absorbed radiation doses to the red bone marrow (&amp;lt;0.3 Gy) and kidneys (&amp;lt;6 Gy) were calculated for all cohorts. TF2 and 111In/177Lu-IMP288 cleared rapidly from the blood (&amp;lt;2%ID in the blood 1 day p.i. in all cohorts). Conclusion: These first results in man show that CEACAM5-expressing CRC can be safely, specifically and rapidly targeted with TF2 and 177Lu-IMP288, with limited toxicity, by pretargeted radioimmunotherapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1755. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1755
Functional and topological studies with Trp‐containing analogs of the peptide StII1–30 derived from the N‐terminus of the pore forming toxin sticholysin II: contribution to understand its orientation in membrane (2013)

Sticholysin II (St II) is the most potent cytolysin produced by the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, exerting hemolytic activity via pore formation in membranes. The toxin's N-terminus contains an amphipathic α-helix that is very likely involved in pore formation. We have previously demonstrated that the synthetic peptide StII(1-30) encompassing the 1-30 segment of St II forms pores of similar radius to that of the protein (around 1 nm), being a good model of toxin functionality. Here we have studied the functional and conformational properties of fluorescent analogs of StII(1-30) in lipid membranes. The analogs were obtained by replacing Leu residues at positions 2, 12, 17, and 24 with the intrinsically fluorescent amino acid Trp (StII(1-30L2W), StII(1-30L12W), StII(1-30L17W), or StII(1-30L24W), respectively). The exchange by Trp did not significantly modify the activity and conformation of the parent peptide. The blue-shift and intensity enhancement of fluorescence in the presence of membrane indicated that Trp at position 2 is more deeply buried in the hydrophobic region of the bilayer. These experiments, as well as assays with water-soluble or spin-labeled lipid-soluble fluorescence quenchers suggest an orientation of StII(1-30) with its N-terminus oriented towards the hydrophobic core of the bilayer while the rest of the peptide is more exposed to the aqueous environment, as hypothesized for sticholysins.
Micro-opto-mechanical devices fabricated by anisotropic etching of (110) silicon (1995)

Anisotropic etching of (110) silicon is used to fabricate high-aspect-ratio microstructures and electrostatic microactuators suitable for optical applications. The atomically smooth (111) sidewalls resulting from anisotropic etching of (110) silicon provide large-area, optical-quality surfaces. The reflectance of such (111) surfaces, which can be used as mirrors, was measured using a He-Ne laser and was found to be nearly the same as those for the mirror-polished surface of a typical (100) silicon wafer. Thin silicon plates with widths less than 2 mu m were found to be partially transparent (even at the value of He-Ne laser wavelength of 632.8 nm) and could be used as beam splitters. A novel electrostatically actuated micromirror was fabricated by (110) silicon etching and subsequent bonding to a glass substrate. The micromirror provides an optical beam deflection of 0.7 degrees for a 25 V excitation.
Duality between BIM and GIS: an example related to the medieval bridge Azzone Visconti (2018)

The paper presents the work carried out on the medieval bridge Azzone Visconti in Lecco, Italy. The project required the use of both BIM and GIS technologies to assess the loading capacity of the bridge. First, a detailed geometric survey was carried out with laser scanning and photogrammetric techniques. The aim was the generation of a BIM. Displacements were then measured via geometric levelling during loading tests carried out in different days. Such data were integrated and stored in the BIM. Finally, the simulation of traffic conditions was used to investigate the usability of the BIM for a geographic area around the bridge. Results highlighted that the BIM used in the first stage of the work had to be replaced with another integrated BIM-GIS solution more suitable for analysis based on geospatial data.
Réduction de la largeur de raie laser au moyen d'une boucle optoélectronique assistée par effet Brillouin (2019)

International audience
A functional design of a cost benefit analysis methodology for transport infrastructure projects (2018)

The development of a transport infrastructure network is one of the critical factors contributing to the economic growth of regions. However, the challenge to transport infrastructure network extension is to mobilize and allocate limited resources for potential projects that can maximize socio-economic benefits and minimize project risk. Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) is one of the `common' methods used for project proposal evaluation and it has been applied in a range of fields to provide comparisons. Many scholars have proposed methods, tools, techniques and procedures in CBA, but the current challenge to evaluators is to determine feasible methods for assessments. In addition, the socio-economic factors associated with transport infrastructure projects are varied and may have great impacts on project success. Thus, the need to develop CBA methodology that is able to capture key socio-economic factors and enable practitioners to select methods for project evaluation is crucial. In line with this, a functional design for CBA methodology was used to establish a generic framework with assessment functions. The significance of this paper is to propose a functional design approach to CBA methodology to deal with critical issues regarding assessment method selection. This approach also provides a holistic picture of project evaluation via the main processes of CBA system deployment.
Digital Implementation of Adaptive Synchronous Rectifier (SR) Driving Scheme for High-Frequency LLC Converters With Microcontroller (2017)

Synchronous rectifiers (SRs) are important for high-output-current LLC converters in order to reduce the secondary conduction loss. Conventional SR driving schemes are not suitable for high-frequency LLC converters: the analog driving schemes will lose a large portion of duty cycle due to SR parasitic inductance; and the digital driving schemes will require a much higher cost digital controllers in high-frequency operation. In this paper, a digital implementation of adaptive SR driving scheme for high-frequency LLC converters with cost-effective microcontroller is proposed. The proposed SR driving scheme senses SR drain-source voltage in order to detect body diode conduction, and tune the SR on-time every several switching cycles using ripple (asynchronous) counter to minimize body diode conduction. The proposed digital implementation has a simple control scheme, requires only low-cost digital controllers and minimizes controller resources utilization. More importantly, to cooperate with the closed-loop control, adaptive SR driving and closed-loop control are executed synchronously and SR on-time is modified accordingly during fast transient response to guarantee safe operation. With these techniques, the proposed adaptive SR driving can be embedded into the digital controllers with little extra cost. Experimental results are demonstrated on a 500-kHz 1-kW 400 V/12 V LLC converter with a 60-MHz microcontroller and a ripple counter.
Correlation of Anterior Chamber Angle and Ciliary Sulcus Diameters With White-to-White Corneal Diameter in High Myopes Using Artemis VHF Digital Ultrasound (2009)

Regression modeling found weak correlations among all combinations of white-to-white, angle diameter, and sulcus diameter. Given the relative accuracy of direct measurement of angle and sulcus diameter compared to the potential accuracy of these regression equations, it appears that direct measurement would increase the safety of anterior and posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens sizing.
ICAM-3 interacts with LFA-1 and regulates the LFA-1/ICAM-1 cell adhesion pathway. (1993)

The interaction of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) with its ligands mediates multiple cell adhesion processes of capital importance during immune responses. We have obtained three anti-ICAM-3 mAbs which recognize two different epitopes (A and B) on the intercellular adhesion molecule-3 (ICAM-3) as demonstrated by sequential immunoprecipitation and cross-competitive mAb-binding experiments. Immunoaffinity purified ICAM-3-coated surfaces were able to support T lymphoblast attachment upon cell stimulation with both phorbol esters and cross-linked CD3, as well as by mAb engagement of the LFA-1 molecule with the activating anti-LFA-1 NKI-L16 mAb. T cell adhesion to purified ICAM-3 was completely inhibited by cell pretreatment with mAbs to the LFA-1 alpha (CD11a) or the LFA-beta (CD18) integrin chains. Anti-ICAM-3 mAbs specific for epitope A, but not those specific for epitope B, were able to trigger T lymphoblast homotypic aggregation. ICAM-3-mediated cell aggregation was dependent on the LFA-1/ICAM-1 pathway as demonstrated by blocking experiments with mAbs specific for the LFA-1 and ICAM-1 molecules. Furthermore, immunofluorescence studies on ICAM-3-induced cell aggregates revealed that both LFA-1 and ICAM-1 were mainly located at intercellular boundaries. ICAM-3 was located at cellular uropods, which in small aggregates appeared to be implicated in cell-cell contacts, whereas in large aggregates it appeared to be excluded from cell-cell contact areas. Experiments of T cell adhesion to a chimeric ICAM-1-Fc molecule revealed that the proaggregatory anti-ICAM-3 HP2/19 mAb was able to increase T lymphoblast attachment to ICAM-1, suggesting that T cell aggregation induced by this mAb could be mediated by increasing the avidity of LFA-1 for ICAM-1. Moreover, the HP2/19 mAb was costimulatory with anti-CD3 mAb for T lymphocyte proliferation, indicating that enhancement of T cell activation could be involved in ICAM-3-mediated adhesive phenomena. Altogether, our results indicate that ICAM-3 has a regulatory role on the LFA-1/ICAM-1 pathway of intercellular adhesion.
Postoperative recovery after cholecystectomy by minilaparotomy: a randomized double-blind comparison between alpha-trinositol and placebo. (1997)

An opioid-sparing effect of alpha-trinositol (D-myo-inositol 1,2,6-trisphosphate) following cholecystectomy in otherwise healthy patients was suggested by a pilot study. In order to verify this result, pain, pain relief and nausea were studied in patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy by minilaparotomy. The patients were randomized using double-blind design to receive an intravenous infusion of either alpha-trinositol or sodium chloride (placebo) for eight hr after the operation. Pain, pain relief and nausea were evaluated up to 72 hr after surgery using visual analogue scales (VAS). Rescue analgesic medication was registered. As a further measure of pain and/or restrictions caused by pain, peak expiratory flow, walking distance and pressure pain thresholds were assessed. There was no difference between the groups in ratings of pain, pain relief, nausea or amount of analgesic medication given. The mean ratings of pain were significantly higher in the sitting position compared to lying down. Neither pressure pain thresholds, nor the walking distance differed between the patients given alpha-trinositol and placebo, respectively. There were significant reductions of peak expiratory flow and of pressure pain thresholds under both costal margins up to 72 hr after surgery compared to presurgery values. As a conclusion, no analgesic effect of alpha-trinositol at the dosage used was observed in the postoperative patients studied.
Abstract 4906: ZEB1 maintains self-renewal, invasion and chemoresistance of glioblastoma stem cells. (2013)

Abstract Despite intense efforts in basic research and clinical medicine, glioblastoma remains one of the most lethal types of cancer. In particular, tumor recurrence after surgical resection, targeted radiation, and aggressive chemotherapy remains an insurmountable obstacle. Recurrence has been attributed to residual cancer cells that re-initiate tumor growth after primary clinical intervention. Hierarchical attribution of this capacity for tumor (re-)initiation to a specific cellular subpopulation is one of the hallmarks of the cancer stem cell hypothesis. In cancers outside the CNS, a considerable overlap between cancer stem cell phenotypes and Epithelial-Mesenchymal-Transition (EMT) has been found. EMT is frequently associated with distant spreading and the generation of secondary tumors. Tumor cells undergoing EMT have a higher propensity for invasion and therapy resistance, as well as greater stemness potential. Transcription factors regulating EMT, including ZEB1 (zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1), have been found to regulate typical stem cell-associated genes. We therefore tested whether the EMT-associated transcription factor ZEB1 may coordinate mechanisms of invasion, therapy resistance and recurrence in glioblastoma. ZEB1 is preferentially expressed at the tumor invasion front, and its knockdown results in a dramatic reduction of tumorigenicity, invasion and increased sensitivity to the chemotherapeutic agent Temozolomide (Temodar®, TMZ). We found that ZEB1 indirectly controls expression of the chemoresistance-mediating enzyme MGMT (O-6-Methylguanine DNA Methyltransferase), as well as cell-cell adhesion and stemness pathways, thus linking chemoresistance and invasion in brain cancer stem cells. Moreover, ZEB1 expression in glioblastoma patients is predictive of shorter survival and poor TMZ response. These results indicate that invasive glioblastoma cells are particularly sheltered from current therapeutic approaches, rendering them likely candidates for tumor recurrence. This offers a potential novel model for GBM recurrence, and a potential therapeutic target. Citation Format: Florian A. Siebzehnrubl, Daniel J. Silver, Bugra Tugertimur, Loic P. Deleyrolle, Dorit Siebzehnrubl, Matthew R. Sarkisian, Kelly G. Devers, Antony T. Yachnis, Marius D. Kupper, Daniel Neal, Nancy H. Nabilsi, Michael P. Kladde, Oleg Suslov, Simone Brabletz, Thomas Brabletz, Brent A. Reynolds, Dennis A. Steindler. ZEB1 maintains self-renewal, invasion and chemoresistance of glioblastoma stem cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4906. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4906