gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polysome Fractionation and Analysis of Mammalian Translatomes on a Genome-wide Scale (2014)

mRNA translation plays a central role in the regulation of gene expression and represents the most energy consuming process in mammalian cells. Accordingly, dysregulation of mRNA translation is considered to play a major role in a variety of pathological states including cancer. Ribosomes also host chaperones, which facilitate folding of nascent polypeptides, thereby modulating function and stability of newly synthesized polypeptides. In addition, emerging data indicate that ribosomes serve as a platform for a repertoire of signaling molecules, which are implicated in a variety of post-translational modifications of newly synthesized polypeptides as they emerge from the ribosome, and/or components of translational machinery. Herein, a well-established method of ribosome fractionation using sucrose density gradient centrifugation is described. In conjunction with the in-house developed “anota” algorithm this method allows direct determination of differential translation of individual mRNAs on a genome-wide scale. Moreover, this versatile protocol can be used for a variety of biochemical studies aiming to dissect the function of ribosome-associated protein complexes, including those that play a central role in folding and degradation of newly synthesized polypeptides.
Theoretical and Experimental Investigation on the Intersystem Crossing Kinetics in Benzothioxanthene Imide Luminophores, and Their Dependence on Substituents Effects (2020)

In spite of their remarkable luminescence properties, benzothioxanthene imide (BTXI an imide containing rylene chromophores) derivatives have been largely overlooked compared to their perylene bisimide and naphthalene bisimide counterparts. Thus their detailed photophysics are much less understood. In this paper, we show how relatively simple structural modifications of the backbone of BTXIs can lead to impressive variations in their Inter-System Crossing kinetics. Thus, through rational engineering of their structure, it is possible to obtain a triplet formation quantum yield that reaches unity, making BTXI a promising class of compounds for triplet-based applications (photodynamic therapy, electroluminescence, etc.).
Aspirin reverses inflammatory suppression of chondrogenesis by stabilizing YAP (2022)

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) transplantation methods are promising candidates for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. However, inflammatory factors (such as TNF-α) that occur at cell transplantation sites are critical factors that impair the effectiveness of the treatment. Previous studies have shown that aspirin (AS) had a regulatory role in stem cell differentiation. However, little is known about the role of AS on the chondrogenesis of BMMSCs. The purpose of this study is to explore the protective role of AS against the negative effects of TNF-α on BMMSC chondrogenesis. In this study, we investigated the effects of AS and TNF-α on BMMSCs chondrogenesis by performing the Alcian Blue staining, safranin O-fast green staining, haematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemical staining, as well as real-time RT-PCR and western blot assays. Our results demonstrated that TNF-α inhibited chondrogenic differentiation of BMMSCs by disrupting the balance of cartilage metabolism and promoting oxidative stress in BMMSCs, while AS treatment attenuated these effects. Furthermore, a detailed molecular mechanistic analysis indicated that Yes-associated protein (YAP) played a critical regulatory role in this process. In addition, AS treatment mitigated the progression of cartilage degeneration in a mouse destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model. AS alleviated the inhibitory effect of TNF-α on chondrogenesis of BMMSCs by stabilizing YAP, which may provide new therapeutic strategies for OA treatment.
Representation Learning for Question Classification via Topic Sparse Autoencoder and Entity Embedding (2018)

Deep learning models have achieved great successes these days. There are intensive studies of word representation learning for question classification. As questions are typically short texts, existing techniques are often not effective for extracting discriminative representations of questions just from a limited number of words. This motivates us to exploit additional information beyond words in order to improve the representation learning of questions. On one hand, topic modeling often captures meaningful semantic structures from the question corpus. Such global topical information should be helpful for question representations. On the other hand, entities extracted from question themselves provide more auxiliary information for short texts from a local viewpoint. Together with words, topics and entities, question representations can be substantially improved.In this paper, we propose a unified neural network framework by integrating Topic modeling, Word embedding and Entity Embedding (TWEE) for question representation learning. Concretely, we introduce a novel topic sparse autoencoder to incorporate discriminative topics into the representation learning of questions. In addition, both words and entity related information are embedded into the network to help learn a more comprehensive question representation. Empirical experiments show that the proposed TWEE framework outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on different datasets.
Selective formation of acetate intermediate prolongs robust ethylene removal at 0 °C for 15 days (2023)

Efficient ethylene (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>) removal below room temperatures, especially near 0 °C, is of great importance to suppress that the vegetables and fruits spoil during cold-chain transportation and storage. However, no catalysts have been developed to fulfill the longer-than-2-h C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> removal at this low temperature effectively. Here we prepare gold-platinum (Au-Pt) nanoalloy catalysts that show robust C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> (of 50 ppm) removal capacity at 0 °C for 15 days (360 h). We find, by virtue of operando Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and online temperature-programmed desorption equipped mass spectrometry, that the Au-Pt nanoalloys favor the formation of acetate from selective C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> oxidation. And this on-site-formed acetate intermediate would partially cover the catalyst surface at 0 °C, thus exposing active sites to prolong the continuous and effective C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> removal. We also demonstrate, by heat treatment, that the performance of the used catalysts will be fully recovered for at least two times.
Apple polyphenol extracts prevent damage to human gastric epithelial cells in vitro and to rat gastric mucosa in vivo (2005)

Apple extracts prevent exogenous damage to human gastric epithelial cells in vitro and to the rat gastric mucosa in vivo. This effect seems to be associated with the antioxidant activity of apple phenolic compounds. A diet rich in apple antioxidants might exert a beneficial effect in the prevention of gastric diseases related to generation of reactive oxygen species.
A Partition Coordinated and Optimized Operation Design for Power Grid Wide Area Coordination and Interaction Service (2018)

The traditional power grid has operated as the regional level way, which has to face with the problems of nonuniform interaction mechanism and non-timely data sharing, then leads that the large-scale power grid can not operate well with global coordinated optimization. According to the objective functions and constraint conditions of large-scale power grid coordinated operation, this paper adopts the wide-area cloud bus technology to coordinate the operation status of each regional power gird. Within each region, our proposed design employs the improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm combined with simulated annealing idea, to design the problem solution of minimizing the power loss in the region. This design in the paper aims to solve the problems of unified model, optimized operation and data sharing between cross-region and cross-level large-scale power grid, which provides a reference for the dispatching operation level of the whole power grid.
Ultraviolet laser ablation of polyimide films (1987)

Pulsed laser radiation at 193, 248, or 308 nm can etch films of polyimide (DuPont KaptonTM). The mechanism of this process has been examined by the chemical analysis of the condensible products, by laser-induced fluorescence analysis of the diatomic products, and by the measurement of the etch depth per pulse over a range of fluences of the laser pulse. The most important product as well as the only one condensible at room temperature is carbon. Laser-induced fluorescence analysis showed that C2 and CN were present in the ablation plume. At 248 nm, even well below the fluence threshold of 0.08 J/cm2 for significant ablation, these diatomic species are readily detected and are measured to leave the polymer surface with translational energy of ∼5 eV. These results, when combined with the photoacoustic studies of Dyer and Srinivasan [Appl. Phys. Lett. 48, 445 (1986)], show that a simple photochemical mechanism in which one photon or less (on average) is absorbed per monomer is inadequate. The ablation process must involve many photons per monomer unit to account for the production of predominantly small (&amp;lt;4 atoms) products and the ejection of these fragments at supersonic velocities.
The Children's Hour Revisited: The Children's Television Act of 1990 (1994)

The Children's Television Act of 1990 was created to reduce advertising during children's programming and increase the number of educational programs for children. But by 1993 media watchers found that violations were frequent, and that what was purported to be educational television was often little more than cartoons. This Note argues that the apparent failure of the Act stems primarily from its vague standards. To correct these problems, more explicit regulations are necessary. Because new regulations can only go so far before they invade broadcasters' First Amendment rights, broadcasters and the FCC will have to compromise to create a workable Act that will truly benefit children.
A Tribute to Prof. B. S. Thyagarajan (2002)

in the small, historic town of Tiruvarur, India.His values were steeped in the traditions of his homeland and in the tumultuous journey of his countrymen toward independence.Professionally, Thyagarajan's scholarly activities traversed a broad range of the more important organic problems of his time and he conducted these efforts boldly, in an international fashion that characterizes much of modern chemistry.Thyagarajan's family name derives from ancient legend: The Lord God Thyagaraja ("King of Sacrifices" in Tamil) was gravely injured when he consumed poisons generated during creation in order to save the universe.Thyagarajan and his family embrace the public service values associated with the legend.His father, a Shakespeare and Sanskrit scholar, became a devotee of Gandhi and was jailed for nine months in 1930 for participating in Gandhi's heroic march to the Arabian Sea.Further protesting colonial rule, he assisted the independence movement by establishing weaving and spinning centers in the villages.Thyagarajan's grandmother was another strong influence, admonishing that when you recognize that "the other man is in need of help and go immediately to offer it, only then are you a human being."Such were the influences that shaped the personal development and social commitment of the honoree.Professor Thyagarajan began his professional life in chemistry as a Masters degree student under the direction of the eminent scientist Dr. T.
Arabic Named Entity Recognition: An SVM-based approach (2008)

The Named Entity Recognition (NER) task has been garnering significant attention as it has been shown to help improve the performance of many Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications. More recently, we are starting to see a surge in developing NER systems for languages other than English. With the relative abundance of resources for the Arabic language and a certain degree of maturation in the state of the art for processing Arabic, it is natural to see interest in developing NER systems for the language. In this paper, we investigate the impact of using different sets of features that are both language independent and language specific in a discriminative machine learning framework, namely, Support Vector Machines. We explore lexical, contextual and morphological features and nine data-sets of different genres and annotations. We systematically measure the impact of the different features in isolation and combined. We achieve the highest performance using a combination of all features. Combining all the features, our system yields an F1=82.71. Essentially combining language independent features with language specific ones yields the best performance on all the genres of text we investigate.
Apoptosis or Necrosis Following Photofrin® Photosensitization: Influence of the Incubation Protocol (1996)

Photosensitization using the tumor-localizing porphyrin Photofrin induces cell death both in vitro and in vivo, but the mechanism of cell death is not well understood. Cell lysis (necrosis) and apoptosis have both been observed. The latter seems restricted mainly to lymphoma and epithelial cell lines. To check the influence of the incubation protocol on the cell death mechanism, CV-1 cells were loaded with Photofrin using two different protocols. In both protocols, photosensitized CV-1 cells underwent severe morphological changes before cell death. Many cells treated with protocol 1 (24 h with 1 microgram/mL of Photofrin in culture medium) underwent apoptosis, as demonstrated by plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation into vesicles, condensation of the chromatin and fragmentation of the nucleus with oligonucleosomic degradation of the DNA. In contrast, cells treated with protocol 2 (1 h with 10 micrograms/mL of Photofrin in phosphate-buffered saline) lysed instead of fragmented, without oligonucleosomic degradation of the DNA. This type of cell death looks much like necrosis. However, early morphological changes suggest that it is, in fact, apoptosis stopped by plasma membrane leakage. It is concluded that apoptosis is primarily induced in CV-1 cells but may be arrested by membrane lysis, depending on the incubation protocol.
Theory of Protein Titration Curves. I. General Equations for Impenetrable Spheres (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTheory of Protein Titration Curves. I. General Equations for Impenetrable SpheresCharles Tanford and John G. KirkwoodCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 20, 5333–5339Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01577a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01577a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2216Altmetric-Citations670LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of chlormequat (CCC) on the accumulation of ethephon in tomatoes and on ethephon-stimulated ripening (2013)

In greenhouse experiment, tomato seedlings were treated with CCC (250 mg·l&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) twice before transplanting. When about 10% of fruits were showing signs of ripening (pink fruits), ethephon solution (960 mg·l&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) was applied either to leaves only or to fruits only, in order to make ripening more uniform. CCC treatment delayed the process of fruit ripening and lowered the ethephon accumulation in ripe fruits as compared to the control (CCC untreated plants). The results were similar when ethephon was applied to leaves only or to fruits only.
Pyrimido[4,5‐c]quinolines from 10‐Cyanopyrimido[5,4‐b]quinolines (1986)

Abstract Untersuchungen zur Reaktivität von Deaza‐alloxazinen mit Nucleophilen ergaben für den Fall der 5‐Deazaaloxazine 3) und 10‐Deazaalloxazine 4) , daß Ringöffnungsreaktionen am Pyrimidin‐2,4‐dion‐System und hier bevorzugt durch Angriff in 2‐Position erfolgen. Bei 10‐Cyano‐Substitution des 10‐Deazaalloxazin‐Systems, die sich aus einem neuen Synthese‐Verfahren für dieses Ringsystem durch Trialkylphosphit‐Cyclisierung von 2‐Nitro‐substituierten 6‐Benzylpyrimidindionen ergibt 1,4‐5,9) , erfolgt dagegen Ringöffnung ausschließlich unter Angriff in 4‐Position. In alkalischer Lösung verändert sich der Chromophor von la bzw. lb irreversibel unter Ausbildung einer hypsochrom verschobenen Doppelbande. Die gleiche Reaktion erfolgt spontan mit NaOCH 3 , in methanol. Lösung.
Photonic Crystal Fibres - the State-of-the-Art (2002)

Photonic crystal fibres having microstructured air-silica cross sections offer new optical properties compared to conventional fibres. These include novel guiding mechanisms, unique spectral properties and nonlinear possibilities. Recent results within the field are reviewed
CrOx-mediated Performance Enhancement of Ni/NiO-Mg:SrTiO3 in Photocatalytic Water Splitting (2021)

Abstract By photodeposition of small quantities of CrOx on SrTiO3-based semiconductors, doped with aliovalent Mg(II) and functionalized with Ni/NiO catalytic nanoparticles (economically significantly more viable than commonly used Rh catalysts), an increase in Apparent Quantum Efficiency (AQEs) from ~10% to 26% in overall water splitting was obtained. Deposition of CrOx also significantly enhances the stability of Ni/NiO nanoparticles in production of hydrogen, allowing sustained operation, even in intermittent cycles of illumination. In situ elemental analysis of the water constituents during, or after photocatalysis, shows that after CrOx deposition, dissolution of Ni-ions from Ni/NiO-Mg:SrTiO3 is significantly suppressed, explaining the stabilizing effect of CrOx on water splitting performance. State-of-the-art electron microscopy and EDX and EELS analyses demonstrate that upon preparation, CrOx is photodeposited in the vicinity of several, but not all, Ni/NiO particles. This implies the formation of a Ni-Cr mixed metal oxide, which is highly effective in water reduction. Inhomogeneities in the interfacial contact, evident from differences in contact angles between Ni/NiO particles and the Mg:SrTiO3 semiconductor, likely affect the probability of reduction of Cr(VI)-species during synthesis by photodeposition, explaining the observed inhomogeneity in the spatial CrOx distribution. Furthermore, by comparison with undoped SrTiO3, Mg-doping appears essential in providing such favorable interfacial contact and to establish the beneficial effect of CrOx. This study suggests that the performance of semiconductors can be significantly improved if inhomogeneities in interfacial contact between semiconductors and highly effective catalytic nanoparticles can be resolved by (surface) doping and improved synthesis protocols.
A new approach to global seismic tomography based on regularization by sparsity in a novel 3D spherical wavelet basis (2010)

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Dynamics of end-tethered chains at high surface coverage (2002)

recent tube theories is extended to account for the effects of entanglements between tethered chains that occur at higher surface coverage. Three regimes of surface coverage are identified. Regime I is a low surface coverage regime ~the mushroom regime!, which has been discussed earlier by us. In regime II the tethered chains undergo a cooperative constraint release process due to which the slip velocity increases with surface coverage while the slip length becomes independent of the surface coverage. In regime III the tethered chains start to become entangled with each other thereby causing the interfacial modulus, the critical wall shear stress and the critical shear rate to decrease with surface coverage. Our model is different from previous scaling models in that it provides a constitutive equation for tethered chains. As a result, it offers scope for quantitative prediction of microscopic and macroscopic experimental slip data based solely on molecular information. Our model also predicts scaling laws for the various slip parameters in the three regimes of surface coverage. These laws are in general agreement with previously reported scaling models and experimental data. © 2002 The Society of Rheology.
The complete trees of North America : field guide and natural history (1980)

The complete trees of North America: field guide and natural history , The complete trees of North America: field guide and natural history , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Garnet Electrolytes for Solid State Batteries: Visualization of Moisture-Induced Chemical Degradation and Revealing Its Impact on the Li-Ion Dynamics (2018)

In this work, we reveal the impact of moisture-induced chemical degradation and proton–lithium exchange on the Li-ion dynamics in the bulk and the grain boundaries and at the interface with lithium metal in highly Li-conducting garnet electrolytes. A direct correlation between chemical changes as measured by depth-resolved secondary ion mass spectrometry and the change in transport properties of the electrolyte is provided. In order to probe the intrinsic effect of the exchange on the lithium kinetics within the garnet structure, isolated from secondary corrosion product contributions, controlled-atmosphere processing was first used to produce proton-free Li6.55Ga0.15La3Zr2O12 (Ga0.15-LLZO), followed by degradation steps in a H2O bath at 100 °C, leading to the removal of LiOH secondary phases at the surface. The proton-exchanged region was analyzed by focused ion beam secondary ion mass spectrometry (FIB-SIMS) and found to extend as far as 1.35 μm into the Ga0.15-LLZO garnet pellet after 30 min in H2O. Impedance analysis in symmetrical cells with Li metal electrodes indicated a greater reactivity in grain boundaries than in grains and a significantly detrimental effect on the Li transfer kinetics in the Li metal/garnet interface correlated to a 3-fold decrease in the Li mobility in the protonated garnet. This result indicates that the deterioration of Li charge transfer and diffusion kinetics in proton-containing garnet electrolytes have fundamental implications for the optimization and integration of these systems in commercial battery devices.