gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
2012 HIV Diagnostics Conference: the molecular diagnostics perspective (2013)

2012 HIV Diagnostic Conference Atlanta, GA, USA, 12-14 December 2012. This report highlights the presentations and discussions from the 2012 National HIV Diagnostic Conference held in Atlanta (GA, USA), on 12-14 December 2012. Reflecting changes in the evolving field of HIV diagnostics, the conference provided a forum for evaluating developments in molecular diagnostics and their role in HIV diagnosis. In 2010, the HIV Diagnostics Conference concluded with the proposal of a new diagnostic algorithm which included nucleic acid testing to resolve discordant screening and supplemental antibody test results. The 2012 meeting, picking up where the 2010 meeting left off, focused on scientific presentations that assessed this new algorithm and the role played by RNA testing and new developments in molecular diagnostics, including detection of total and integrated HIV-1 DNA, detection and quantification of HIV-2 RNA, and rapid formats for detection of HIV-1 RNA.
A novel PNGase Rc for improved protein N-deglycosylation in bioanalytics and HDX-MS epitope mapping under challenging conditions (2022)

Abstract N-linked glycosylation is a ubiquitous posttranslational modification of proteins. While it plays an important role in the biological function of proteins, it often poses a major challenge for their analytical characterization. Currently available peptide N-glycanases (PNGases) are often inefficient at deglycosylating proteins due to sterically inaccessible N-glycosylation sites. This usually leads to poor sequence coverage in bottom-up analysis using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and makes it impossible to obtain an intact mass signal in top-down MS analysis. In addition, most PNGases operate optimally only in the neutral to slightly acidic pH range and are severely compromised in the presence of reducing and denaturing substances, which limits their use for advanced bioanalysis based on hydrogen-deuterium exchange in combination with mass spectrometry (HDX-MS). Here, we present a novel peptide N-glycanase from Rudaea cellulosilytica (PNGase Rc) for which we demonstrate broad substrate specificity for N-glycan hydrolysis from multiply occupied and natively folded proteins. Our results show that PNGase Rc is functional even under challenging, HDX quench conditions (pH 2.5, 0 °C) and in the presence of 0.4 M Tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP), 4 M urea and 1 M guanidinium chloride (GdmCl). Most importantly, we successfully applied the PNGase Rc in an HDX-MS workflow to determine the epitope of a nanobody targeting the extracellular domain of human signal-regulating protein alpha (SIRPα).
Crystal structure of (2,6-diisopropyl-phenyl)-[6-(2,6-dimethylphenyI)- pyridin-2-yl-methylene]-amine, C26H30N2 (2005)

C26H30N2, monoclinic, C12/cl (no. 15), a = 20.434(2) A, b = 8.551(1) A, c = 26.498(2) A,/? = 102.889(1), V= 4513.4 A 3 , Z= 8, RpfF) = 0.062, wR n f(F) = 0.187, =293 .
Understanding the Adsorption Mechanism of Xe and Kr in a Metal–Organic Framework from X-ray Structural Analysis and First-Principles Calculations (2015)

Enhancement of adsorption capacity and separation of radioactive Xe/Kr at room temperature and above is a challenging problem. Here, we report a detailed structural refinement and analysis of the synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data of Ni-DODBC metal organic framework with in situ Xe and Kr adsorption at room temperature and above. Our results reveal that Xe and Kr adsorb at the open metal sites, with adsorption geometries well reproduced by DFT calculations. The measured temperature-dependent adsorption capacity of Xe is substantially larger than that for Kr, indicating the selectivity of Xe over Kr and is consistent with the more negative adsorption energy (dominated by van der Waals dispersion interactions) predicted from DFT. Our results reveal critical structural and energetic information about host-guest interactions that dictate the selective adsorption mechanism of these two inert gases, providing guidance for the design and synthesis of new MOF materials for the separation of environmentally hazardous gases from nuclear reprocessing applications.
Effect of pedestrian buck contact area and force-deflection property on pedestrian pelvis and lower limb injuries (2012)

In order to develop requirements for designing a pedestrian buck, this study conducted two parametric studies that investigated the effect of the vehicle stiffness characteristics and the area of contact between the pedestrian pelvis and lower limb and a vehicle on pedestrian pelvis and lower limb injury measures. The parametric study for different vehicle stiffness characteristics was conducted using a human finite element (FE) model and simplified vehicle models with different front shapes for which stiffness parameters were varied. With regard to the contact area, a prescribed force model representing the contact force time histories from a vehicle was developed and applied to the human FE model, without using a vehicle model, to allow change in the contact area while maintaining the total force magnitude. It was found that maintaining the peak force magnitude is much more important than the maximum deflection of the stiffness characteristics and that accurate representation of the impacted body region is much more significant than the contact area, in reproducing the maximum injury measures.
Possible Involvement of Greening in Cell Growth of Suaeda japonica under Salt Stress (1997)

Suaeda japonica, a member of the family Chenopodiaceae, is a halophyte that grows on the shores of the Ariake Sea in Japan. Using yellowish and selected green callus tissues of S. japonica, we examined the correlation between cell growth and glycinebetaine content, as well as the activity of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH), under salt stress. Although the growth of yellowish callus tissues was markedly inhibited by 0.1 M NaCl, that of green callus tissues was not. However, in 0.3 M NaCl, the fresh weight of green callus tissues was decreased by 15%. Both the endogenous level of glycinebetaine and the activity of BADH in yellowish callus tissues were very low, but green callus tissues contained very high levels of glycinebetaine and high BADH activity. The activity in green callus increased significantly with increases in the concentration of NaCl. The increase in levels of Chl was also observed, but the increase occurred earlier than that in the level of glycinebetaine. Functional development of chloroplasts (an increase in the level of Chl) seems to be involved in the increase in the activity of BADH, and the resultant increase in levels of glycinebetaine seems to facilitate callus growth under salt stress.
The mechanism of early contractile failure of isolated rat ventricular myocytes subjected to complete metabolic inhibition. (1989)

1. Twitch shortening of isolated rat ventricular myocytes was measured on exposure to complete metabolic blockade (2 mM-cyanide in the presence of 10 mM-2-deoxyglucose). Under these conditions twitch shortening declines to undetectable levels over 1-15 min. This 'early' contractile failure is followed by the development of a maintained contracture. 2. Contractures induced by caffeine (20 mM) were similar in amplitude before and after 'early' contractile failure. This result suggests that 'early' contractile failure is not due to depletion of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 3. The action potential shortened as the twitch magnitude declined during 'early' contractile failure, raising the possibility of a causal link. Voltage-clamp experiments show that an enormous increase in K+ conductance (greater than 20-fold) occurs during the period of 'early' contractile failure, and presumably underlies the action potential shortening. 4. If the K+ conductance changes are inhibited by replacement of intracellular K+ with N-methyl glucosamine and inclusion of 2 mM-tolbutamide in intra- and extracellular solutions, good voltage control can be achieved. Under these conditions, 'early' contractile failure did not occur on exposure to complete metabolic blockade and neither Ca2+ current nor the twitch were completely abolished until a maintained contracture had begun to occur. 5. Injection of ATP following 'early' contractile failure could partially restore the twitch and prolong the foreshortened action potential. 6. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that 'early' contractile failure occurring under non-voltage-clamped conditions is due principally to failure of activation of the Ca2+ current because of the shortening of the action potential. Although a decline in the availability of Ca2+ current also occurs, action potential shortening results mainly from increased conductance through ATP-sensitive K+ channels which are activated by a fall of intracellular [ATP]. Contractile failure arises not because of a primary alteration, or defect, in the coupling of excitation to contraction, but because the cell membrane is effectively clamped at a potential close to the K+ equilibrium potential.
Immunohistological demonstration of pyruvate kinase isoenzyme type L in rat with monoclonal antibodies. (1992)

Four monoclonal antibodies (MAb) specific for the L-type isoenzyme of rat pyruvate kinase (L-PK) were produced and characterized. They detect at least two different epitopes of the isoenzyme, as shown in interference binding assay and Western blot analysis after peptide mapping. The MAb were used in immunohistology to demonstrate the L-PK isoenzyme in paraffin-embedded normal rat tissues. L-PK was found only in hepatocytes, kidney proximal tubules, islet cells of pancreas, and epithelial cells of the villi of small intestine. The content of L-PK in hepatocytes was often lower in the periportal areas as compared with the periveneous zone. In kidneys a clearcut difference in L-PK content and distribution existed between male and female rats. Male animals possessed more L-PK in the kidney cortex than females. The L-PK content in the inner cortical zone (straight proximal tubules) was higher than in the outer cortical zone (convoluted proximal tubules) in kidneys of males. In contrast, female rats displayed less L-PK in the inner than in the outer cortical zone of the kidneys. Only some of them exhibited the same amount of the isoenzyme in both parts of the kidney proximal tubules.
A post-Hartree-Fock model of intermolecular interactions: Inclusion of higher-order corrections (2006)

We have previously demonstrated that the dipole moment of the exchange hole can be used to derive intermolecular C(6) dispersion coefficients [J. Chem. Phys. 122, 154104 (2005)]. This was subsequently the basis for a novel post-Hartree-Fock model of intermolecular interactions [J. Chem. Phys. 123, 024101 (2005)]. In the present work, the model is extended to include higher-order dispersion coefficients C(8) and C(10). The extended model performs very well for prediction of intermonomer separations and binding energies of 45 van der Waals complexes. In particular, it performs twice as well as basis-set extrapolated MP2 theory for dispersion-bound complexes, with minimal computational cost.
WANKAUSGLEICH - EIN SYSTEM ZUR VERBESSERUNG VON AKTIVER SICHERHEIT UND FAHRKOMFORT (1993)

Zur Verbesserung der Fahrsicherheit und des Komforts wurden in der Vergangenheit aktive Fahrwerksverstellungen entwickelt, die mit Zufuhr von Energie Achskomponenten verstellen, um die Fahreigenschaften auf die unterschiedlichen Fahrsituationen abzustimmen. Die Systemunterschiede liegen im Bereich der Aktuatoren und der Wirkprinzipien. Vorgestellt wird ein Wankausgleich-System. Es beeinflusst das Eigenlenkverhalten, die Wankneigung und den Fahrkomfort mit einem vergleichsweise geringen Aufwand. Die Wankabstuetzung erfolgt mit hydraulischen Aktuatoren an den Stabilisatoren, die mit Hilfe von Sensoren elektronisch gesteuert werden. Im Beitrag werden der Aufbau und die Wirkungsweise des Systems beschrieben und Ergebnisse aus Fahrversuchen dargestellt. Titel in Englisch: Anti-roll system - a device to improve active safety and ride comfort.
Evaluation of the COBAS TaqMan 48 Real-Time PCR System for Quantitation of Hepatitis B Virus DNA (2005)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of the new real-time PCR COBAS TaqMan 48 analyzer, comparing it to the existing COBAS AMPLICOR HBV MONITOR based on conventional PCR technology. The study used 104 samples from different patients. No differences were found in the sensitivity of the tests. There was an excellent correlation between the sample with a viral load within the dynamic range of the two tests (r = 0.938). The COBAS TaqMan test has a wider linear range, and this fact enables quantifying of the viral load without diluting the sample.
Extravehicular Mobility Unit Penetration Probability from Micrometeoroids and Orbital Debris: Revised Analytical Model and Potential Space Suit Improvements (2007)

The NASA Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) micrometeoroid and orbital debris protection ability has recently been assessed against an updated, higher threat space environment model. The new environment was analyzed in conjunction with a revised EMU solid model using a NASA computer code. Results showed that the EMU exceeds the required mathematical Probability of having No Penetrations (PNP) of any suit pressure bladder over the remaining life of the program (2,700 projected hours of 2 person spacewalks). The success probability was calculated to be 0.94, versus a requirement of >0.91, for the current spacesuit s outer protective garment. In parallel to the probability assessment, potential improvements to the current spacesuit s outer protective garment were built and impact tested. A NASA light gas gun was used to launch projectiles at test items, at speeds of approximately 7 km per second. Test results showed that substantial garment improvements could be made, with mild material enhancements and moderate assembly development. The spacesuit s PNP would improve marginally with the tested enhancements, if they were available for immediate incorporation. This paper discusses the results of the model assessment process and test program. These findings add confidence to the continued use of the existing NASA EMU during International Space Station (ISS) assembly and Shuttle Operations. They provide a viable avenue for improved hypervelocity impact protection for the EMU, or for future space suits.
A survey on voltage boosting techniques for step-up DC-DC converters (2016)

Step-up dc-dc converters are used to boost the voltage level of the input to a higher output level. Despite of its features such as simplicity of implementation, the fundamental boost dc-dc converter has shortcomings such as low boost ability and low power density. With these limitations, researches on new voltage boosting techniques are inevitable for various power converter applications. This can be achieved either by additional magnetic or by electric field storage elements with switching elements (switch and/or diode) in different configurations. Such combination of primary voltage boosting techniques and topologies are large, which at times may be confusing and difficult to follow/adapt for different applications. Considering these aspects and in order to make a clear sketch of the general law and framework of various voltage boosting techniques, this paper comprehensively reviews different voltage boosting techniques and categorizes them according to their circuit performance.
Analysis of rectangular hollow section trusses (2018)

A database of 26 previous full-scale experiments on rectangular hollow section (RHS) trusses is supplemented by nine tests on a 10-metre-span, simply supported, RHS Warren truss, reported herein. Measured axial forces, bending moments and truss deflections are compared to four 2D, elastic, frame-analysis models consisting of: (i) all joints pinned and concentric; (ii) all joints rigid and concentric; (iii) pin-ended webs connected eccentrically to continuous chords; and (iv) rigid-ended webs connected eccentrically to continuous chords. On average, all four models predict sufficiently accurate axial force distributions and deflections under elastic loading. However, all four models under-predict bending moment magnitudes. Implications for RHS truss analysis according to the “detailed method” of CSA S16-14 are discussed, and recommendations for modelling are made.
Ultrasonic periodontal probe (1998)

This talk discusses proof of concept in vitro testing of an ultrasonic probe for imaging periodontal structures. This technique allows accurate measurements of disease activity for patient risk assessment and treatment outcome evaluation without the need for ionizing radiography or manual periodontal probing. This technique promises reduced variability and improved ease of use, in comparison to conventional manual periodontal probing. The work discussed here is the first step to establish the ultrasound periodontal probe as a clinically valuable tool for patient assessment and the first noninvasive measure of periodontal disease activity. Data from cadaver samples using a prototype intraoral ultrasound instrument is compared to conventional manual probing subsequently performed on the annotated cadaver samples. The results discussed here are being used to refine the technique, improve the analysis of scan signals, and develop the framework of the software that will be used during a subsequent in vitro testing program.
Does hemodialysis need to be initiated to improve platelet function in CKD G5 patients? A pilot prospective, observational cohort study (2020)

HD for the sole purpose of improving platelet function is only of benefit in the subgroup of patients with an abnormal CADPCT at baseline, with close to 50% normalizing their platelet function after three sessions of low flow, short duration, counter-current HD.
Cancer procoagulant: a factor X activator, tumor marker and growth factor from malignant tissue. (1997)

Hemostatic abnormalities associated with malignant disease led to the search for and discovery of a proteolytic enzyme that activated factor X in the blood coagulation cascade. It was named cancer procoagulant (CP). CP is a cysteine proteinase that is found in malignant and fetal (human amnion-chorion) tissue; it has not been found in normally differentiated tissue. It is a calcium-dependent, Mn2+ stimulated enzyme that has enhanced activity and inhibition in a reduced environment. This review presents a complete compilation and discussion of the known chemical and enzymatic characteristics of CP as well as many purification and assay procedures. Several unique properties of these procedures are described. Some problems and controversies are highlighted in each of the sections. An immunoassay for CP as a tumor marker and some of its potential applications in the diagnosis and monitoring of cancer are reviewed. Some therapeutic implications of CP are noted in light of the observation that antibodies to CP block the metastatic seeding of lung colonies in vivo and diminish the viability of tumor cells in vitro. Finally, comments about the relationship between tissue factor and CP in the malignant cells are provided.
Highly Accelerated Vessel-Selective Arterial Spin Labelling Angiography using Sparsity and Smoothness Constraints (2019)

Abstract Purpose To demonstrate that vessel-selectivity in arterial spin labeling angiography can be achieved without any scan time penalty or noticeable loss of image quality compared to conventional arterial spin labeling angiography. Methods Simulations on a numerical phantom were used to assess whether the increased sparsity of vessel-encoded angiograms compared to non-vessel-encoded angiograms alone can improve reconstruction results in a compressed sensing framework. Further simulations were performed to study whether the difference in relative sparsity between non-selective and vessel-selective dynamic angiograms were sufficient to achieve similar image quality at matched scan times in the presence of noise. Finally, data were acquired from 5 healthy volunteers to validate the technique in vivo. All data, both simulated and in vivo, were sampled in 2D using a golden angle radial trajectory and reconstructed by enforcing both image domain sparsity and temporal smoothness on the angiograms in a parallel imaging and compressed sensing framework. Results Relative sparsity was established as a primary factor governing the reconstruction fidelity. Using the proposed reconstruction scheme, differences between vessel-selective and non-selective angiography were negligible compared to the dominant factor of total scan time in both simulations and in vivo experiments at acceleration factors up to R = 34. The reconstruction quality was not heavily dependent on hand-tuning the parameters of the reconstruction. Conclusion The increase in relative sparsity of vessel-selective angiograms compared to non-selective angiograms can be leveraged to achieve higher acceleration without loss of image quality, resulting in the acquisition of vessel-selective information at no scan time cost.
The Rate of Water Equilibration in Vapor-Diffusion Crystallizations: Dependence on the Distance from the Droplet to the Reservoir (1996)

The rate of water equilibration in hanging-drop vapor-diffusion experiments was studied as a function of the distance separating the hanging drop from the surface of the reservoir solution. Hanging drops of 1.00 M NaCl were allowed to partially equilibrate with reservoirs of 2.00 M NaCl at room temperature. Over the range of droplet-reservoir distances examined, 7.6-119.4 mm, the larger the distance that separated the droplet and reservoir, the slower the droplet equilibrated with the reservoir. The variation of the rate of equilibration with droplet-reservoir distance was non-linear; the rate was most sensitive to variations in the droplet-reservoir separation at short separations. A mathematical model of the equilibration kinetics was developed that fits the experimental data. The model is based on the assumption that the rate-limiting step in vapor-diffusion equilibration is transit of water across the vapor space. A simple device to vary the rate of water equilibration, and thereby optimize macromolecular crystal growth conditions, is described.