gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation and evaluation of Vinpocetine self-emulsifying pH gradient release pellets (2017)

The main objective of this study was to develop a pH gradient release pellet with self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS), which could not only improve the oral bioavailability of Vinpocetine (VIN), a poor soluble drug, but reduce the fluctuation of plasma concentration. First, the liquid VIN SEDDS formulation was prepared. Then the self-emulsifying pH gradient release pellets were prepared by extrusion spheronization technique, and formulation consisted by the liquid SEDDS, absorbent (colloidal silicon dioxide), penetration enhancer (sodium chloride), microcrystalline cellulose, ethyl alcohol, and three coating materials (HPMC, Eudragit L30D55, Eudragit FS30D) were eventually selected. Three kinds of coated pellets were mixed in capsules with the mass ratio of 1:1:1. The release curves of capsules were investigated in vitro under the simulated gastrointestinal conditions. In addition, the oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of VIN self-emulsifying pH gradient release pellets, commercial tablets and liquid VIN SEDDS were evaluated in Beagle dogs. The oral bioavailability of self-emulsifying pH gradient release pellets was about 149.8% of commercial VIN tablets, and it was about 86% of liquid VIN SEDDS, but there were no significant difference between liquid SEDDS and self-emulsifying pH gradient release pellets. In conclusion, the self-emulsifying pH gradient release pellets could significantly enhance the absorption of VIN and effectively achieve a pH gradient release. And the self-emulsifying pH gradient release pellet was a promising method to improve bioavailability of insoluble drugs.
Soleus Adaptation to Combined Exercise and Heat Acclimation (2010)

Our data suggest that EXAC-specific gene up-regulation and cross talk between genes assigned to their gene ontology categories (transport, metabolism, and stress) differ in abundance and/or expression level (compared with other treatment groups) and contributed to the physiological advantage demonstrated by the EXAC soleus.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOSGENIMINIUM CHEMISTRY. PART 20. HETEROCYCLIZATIONS WITH NEW FLUORINATED REAGENTS FROM PHOSGENIMINIUM SALTS (1978)

Abstract Das Phosgeniminiumchlorid (II) reagiert mit dem tert.‐(I) bzw. dem sek.‐Acetamid (IV) zu den Chloriden (III) bzw. (V).
From text description to animation sequences (2002)

Most current user manuals for electro-mechanical devices are text-based. The inclusion of interactive 3D graphics and multimedia adds physical dimension and realism to "reading" the manual, and encourages the users to explore and experiment with the manual. The new manual should provide the seamless environment for the users to browse the manual in either text or graphics modes and to navigate freely between the two modes. This paper describes the development of a 3D graphical manual that supports the automatic translation of text descriptions in manual pages to animation. The system uses the frame formalism to model the relationships and dependencies between the graphical components of the device. A concept-based information retrieval (IR) engine is used to perform the text-to-animation translation. In order to eliminate the need to construct a separate concept structure for the IR engine, the system uses the same frame-based graphics model for both the animation and text-to-animation translation. The feasibility of the system is demonstrated using an electronic manual for a laser printer.
Variation in nitrogen uptake efficiency in upland rice landraces as influenced by P fertilization (2016)

Upland rice are usually planted on infertile soils that have been eroded and degraded. The high fertilizer inputs to poor nitrogen (N) content soils can increase plant production but are neither economically viable nor sustainable. Hence, this study was focused on P fertilizers effects on N use efficiency (NUE) of five upland rice landraces which was conducted at Carey Island, Selangor. The study was evaluated using two phosphorus levels (0 and 100 kg P/ha). A factorial experiment was conducted with four replications in randomized complete block design (RCBD). Ammonium sulphate fertilizer [( 15 NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ] with 1% N-15 atom excess was applied as N-labelled fertilizer at the rate of 150 kg N/ha. The source of K in the form of muriate of potash was applied also at the same rate. Destructive sampling was carried out at week 4, 8 and 16 after transplanting and the NUE of the landraces were evaluated using isotope dilution technique. The P fertilization had no significant effect on NUE as well as on dry matter yield. These results suggested that P is not one of the limiting factors in plant growth and production as well as nitrogen use efficiency of these selected upland rice landraces. The dry matter yield and NUE were not significantly different among landraces at week 4 as the plants undergo their vegetative growth. These upland rice landraces showed significant differences in dry matter yield and nitrogen use efficiency at maturity stage (16 weeks). Landrace I showed significantly lower NUE compared to other landraces at week 16, while landrace III is the most efficient in utilizing nitrogen for production of dry matter.
Advanced Solid State NMR Techniques for the Characterization of Sol–Gel-Derived Materials (2007)

A large array of advanced solid state NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) techniques is presented in the frame of the structural characterization of sol-gel-derived materials. These techniques include the pertinent detection of (17)O chemical shifts, MAS (magic angle spinning) J spectroscopy in the solid state, high-resolution (1)H spectroscopy, heteronuclear and homonuclear D (dipolar)-derived multidimensional correlation experiments, and first-principles calculations of NMR parameters. This spectroscopic approach is suitable for the in-depth description of multicomponent sol-gel derivatives, crystalline and amorphous biocompatible silicophosphates, Al-O-P clusters, and templated porous materials. It offers unique perspectives for the description of the hybrid interfaces in terms of chemical and spatial connectivities.
Atopic manifestations in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome: response to recombinant interferon gamma. (1987)

Six patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) had exacerbations or recurrences of previously quiescent atopic disease when they developed immunodeficiency. Four developed a different atopic illness from that suffered previously. Atopic symptoms developed within three months after the patients developed AIDS or during prodromal illness. Two of the patients were treated with recombinant interferon gamma: both showed a striking improvement in symptoms and cellular immunity. These results indicate that cellular immunity, through interferon gamma, may have a role in regulating atopic disease.
Design and Evaluation of a Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Foot/Pedal Interface for Cycling (1992)

Described is the design of a foot/pedal interface intended as a research tool in the study of overuse knee injuries in cycling. The interface enables the systematic variation of factors that may affect loads transmitted by the knee joint. It permits two degrees of freedom of movement, inversion/eversion and abduction/adduction rotations, either separately or in combination. The movement permitted by each degree of freedom can be either free or resisted by spring assemblies. Sample data were collected to demonstrate the function of the foot/pedal interface. With no spring resistance, the interface functioned as intended by allowing free movement of the foot. Significant interaction was seen between the two degrees of freedom, with more motion and a larger absolute mean occurring when both degrees of freedom were allowed simultaneously. This emphasizes the need for a multi-degree-of-freedom interface when undertaking a comprehensive study of the factors affecting loads transmitted by the knee.
Estimation of the Ultimate Frequency Stability of Semiconductor Lasers (1983)

The frequency stabilities of 0.8 µm AlGaAs lasers were estimated by using the Allan variance as a measure of the stability. The contributions of the quantum noise (the spontaneous emission, carrier, and current noise) and additional noise (current source noise and temperature noise) are given. The highest frequency stability of the free-running laser was estimated to be 6.3×10 -11 at an integration time of 0.1 s. It is shown that the frequency stability of the stabilized laser is limited by the quantum noise. The estimated results were compared with the experimental results and with the estimated stability of 3.39 µm He– 22 Ne lasers. The derivations of the spectral width from the frequency stability are also given. The narrowest limit of the spectral width was estimated to be 5.5 MHz (HWHM) for I / I th =1.3, while the corresponding experimental result was 6.2 MHz for a channeled-substrate planar (CSP)-type laser.
Interactions of TLC1 (Which Encodes the RNA Subunit of Telomerase), TEL1, and MEC1 in Regulating Telomere Length in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1999)

In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, chromosomes terminate with a repetitive sequence [poly(TG(1-3))] 350 to 500 bp in length. Strains with a mutation of TEL1, a homolog of the human gene (ATM) mutated in patients with ataxia telangiectasia, have short but stable telomeric repeats. Mutations of TLC1 (encoding the RNA subunit of telomerase) result in strains that have continually shortening telomeres and a gradual loss of cell viability; survivors of senescence arise as a consequence of a Rad52p-dependent recombination events that amplify telomeric and subtelomeric repeats. We show that a mutation in MEC1 (a gene related in sequence to TEL1 and ATM) reduces telomere length and that tel1 mec1 double mutant strains have a senescent phenotype similar to that found in tlc1 strains. As observed in tlc1 strains, survivors of senescence in the tel1 mec1 strains occur by a Rad52p-dependent amplification of telomeric and subtelomeric repeats. In addition, we find that strains with both tel1 and tlc1 mutations have a delayed loss of cell viability compared to strains with the single tlc1 mutation. This result argues that the role of Tel1p in telomere maintenance is not solely a direct activation of telomerase.
Chemical proteomic profiling reveals protein interactors of the alarmones diadenosine triphosphate and tetraphosphate (2021)

The nucleotides diadenosine triphosphate (Ap<sub>3</sub>A) and diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap<sub>4</sub>A) are formed in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Since their concentrations increase significantly upon cellular stress, they are considered to be alarmones triggering stress adaptive processes. However, their cellular roles remain elusive. To elucidate the proteome-wide interactome of Ap<sub>3</sub>A and Ap<sub>4</sub>A and thereby gain insights into their cellular roles, we herein report the development of photoaffinity-labeling probes and their employment in chemical proteomics. We demonstrate that the identified Ap<sub>n</sub>A interactors are involved in many fundamental cellular processes including carboxylic acid and nucleotide metabolism, gene expression, various regulatory processes and cellular response mechanisms and only around half of them are known nucleotide interactors. Our results highlight common functions of these Ap<sub>n</sub>As across the domains of life, but also identify those that are different for Ap<sub>3</sub>A or Ap<sub>4</sub>A. This study provides a rich source for further functional studies of these nucleotides and depicts useful tools for characterization of their regulatory mechanisms in cells.
Evaluation of clinical datasets in fully automatic planning assist system for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (2013)

Background Planning assist systems for cardiac MR examinations are necessary for easier operation and shorter examination times. Slice alignment systems [1] have played an important role in achieving these objectives. We propose a new automatic planning assist system for couch adjustment, local shimming, and axial multislice imaging as the input to a slice alignment system [2]. The new system employs an atlas-based segmentation technique using single scout volume data. In the present study, the accuracy and robustness of the proposed method were evaluated based on more than 50 datasets including clinical data, and the results were compared against the degree of interobserver error in manual annotation.
A novel method to evaluate cleaning quality of oil in shale using pyrolysis pyrogram (2020)

Abstract Complete and thorough core cleaning is a critical prerequisite for the precise measurements of most rock's petrophysical parameters. In shale, the oil cleaning process, aimed to remove the volatile hydrocarbons, is often complicated by the requirement for intact solid organic. Evaluation of shale's cleaning methods needs to take structural integrity of organic matrix into account but neglected in the existing researches. Here, we develop a novel evaluation method using a modified ESH (extended slow heating) pyrolysis cycle, which starts at a lower initial temperature of 150°C for 10 minutes and then slowly increases to 650°C by 10°C/min. Hydrocarbons on the ESH pyrogram were divided into light free hydrocarbon (S A ), FHR (fluid‐like hydrocarbon, S B ), and solid organic matter (S C ). We propose a set of quantitative evaluation criterions comparing the results of pyrograms, for different types of the hydrocarbons, at different cleaning conditions. We showed that a modified pyrogram achieves complete cleaning with S A and S B removed while S C remains almost intact. The modified pyrogram achieves complete removal of FHR in the second stage of pyrogram, while earlier researches often report residual FHR. The introduced method improves the accuracy in the identification of production potential in kerogen‐rich shale reservoirs up to about 3% of the total pore volume. Further, the new approach allows a quantitative assessment for the cleaning quality without altering the sample's organic matrix. Future studies on the petrophysical properties of the hydrocarbon‐bearing reservoir rocks may benefit from the thorough hydrocarbon removal achieved through the modified pyrogram methods proposed in this study.
Emerging opportunists. (1989)

The number and types of opportunistic fungal pathogens are increasing dramatically. It is likely that this trend will continue as the numbers of immunosuppressed patients escalate. Both the clinician and laboratorian must maintain a high index of suspicion for mycoses in these settings. Responsible fungal agents may be classified across the entire fungal kingdom and include both yeasts and molds. In addition to the need for improved methods of diagnosis and therapy, it is truly time for medical professionals to "think fungus"!
The laser focus accelerator (1982)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation H. Hora, D. A. Jones, E. L. Kane, B. Luther‐Davies; The laser focus accelerator. AIP Conf. Proc. 15 September 1982; 91 (1): 112–137. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.33788 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Viewpoint: Photon Qubit is Made of Two Colors (2016)

Single particles of light can be prepared in a quantum superposition of two different colors, an achievement that could prove useful for quantum information processing.
Reduction of PCE and TCE by magnetite revisited (2018)

Here we revisit whether the common mixed-valent Fe mineral, magnetite, is a viable reductant for the abiotic natural attenuation of perchloroethylene (PCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE) in anoxic groundwater plumes. We measured PCE and TCE reduction by stoichiometric magnetite as a function of pH and Fe(ii) concentration. In the absence of added Fe(ii), stoichiometric magnetite does not reduce PCE and TCE over a three month period under anoxic conditions. When Fe(ii) is added to magnetite suspensions, PCE and TCE are reduced under Fe(ii) and pH conditions that appear to be controlled by the solubility of ferrous hydroxide, Fe(OH)2(s). Reduction rates are slow with only 1 to 30% carbon products (primarily acetylene) accumulating over several months. We conducted a similar set of experiments with Fe(OH)2(s) alone and found that, compared to in the presence of magnetite, Fe(OH)2(s) reduces PCE and TCE only at Fe(ii) concentrations that are too high (≥13 mM, 726 mg L-1) to be representative of natural aquifer conditions. Our results suggest that magnetite present in aquifer sediments alone is unlikely to reduce PCE and TCE sufficiently fast to contribute to natural attenuation of PCE and TCE. The lack of compelling evidence for PCE and TCE reduction by magnetite raises important questions regarding the current application of using magnetic susceptibility as a potential indicator for abiotic natural attenuation. Dynamic conditions and high Fe(ii) concentrations that favor active precipitation of minerals, such as Fe(OH)2(s) in the presence of magnetite (or other Fe minerals), however, may lead to PCE and TCE reduction that could help attenuate PCE and TCE plumes.
Active power control of photovoltaic power systems (2013)

Historically, electric power system operators have seen photovoltaic (PV) power systems as potential sources of problems due to intermittency and lack of controllability. However, the flexibility of power electronic inverters allows PV to provide grid-friendly features including volt-VAR control, ramp-rate control, high-frequency power curtailment, and event ride-through. These technologies offer power quality improvements and enable wider penetrations of PV systems. Commercially available smart PV inverters can further provide frequency down-regulation by curtailing power, but they are unable to provide true frequency regulation through active power control (APC) because they are unable to increase power on command. The development of inverters capable of APC for primary and secondary frequency regulation without the need for energy storage has the potential to transform the way grid operators view high PV penetration levels. This paper provides a brief tutorial on APC of PV inverters, summarizes state of the art research in the area, and suggests future research directions.
Prefrontal and parietal cortex in human episodic memory: an interference study by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (2006)

Neuroimaging findings, including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) interference, point to an engagement of prefrontal cortex (PFC) in learning and memory. Whether parietal cortex (PC) activity is causally linked to successful episodic encoding and retrieval is still uncertain. We compared the effects of event-related active or sham rTMS (a rapid-rate train coincident to the very first phases of memoranda presentation) to the left or right intraparietal sulcus, during a standardized episodic memory task of visual scenes, with those obtained in a fully matched sample of subjects who received rTMS on left or right dorsolateral PFC during the same task. In these subjects, specific hemispheric effects of rTMS included interference with encoding after left stimulation and disruption of retrieval after right stimulation. The interference of PC-rTMS on encoding/retrieval performance was negligible, lacking specificity even when higher intensities of stimulation were applied. However, right PC-rTMS of the same intensity lengthened reaction times in the context of a purely attentive visuospatial task. These results suggest that the activity of intraparietal sulci shown in several functional magnetic resonance studies on memory, unlike that of the dorsolateral PFC, is not causally engaged to a useful degree in memory encoding and retrieval of visual scenes. The parietal activations accompanying the memorization processes could reflect the engagement of a widespread brain attentional network, in which interference on a single 'node' is insufficient for an overt disruption of memory performance.
A comprehensive review on Covid-19 Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant (2022)

The world has been combating different variants of SARS-COV-19 since its first outbreak in Wuhan city. SARS-COV-19 is caused by the coronavirus. The corona virus mutates and becomes more transmissible than earlier variants as the day passes. Till 24 November 2021, SARS-COV-19 has four variants Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta, respectively. Among them, the delta variant caused severe havoc across the world. South Africa registered a new variant with the World Health Organization (WHO) on 24 November 2021, which is much more transmissible than previous variants. The WHO classified it as a variant of concern (VOC) on 26 November 2021 and called it the Greek letter Omicron (B.1.1.529), the fifteenth letter in the alphabet. Here a serious attempt was made to comprehend the omicron variant's origin, nomenclature, characteristics, mutations, the difference between delta and omicron variant, epidemiology, transmission, clinical features, impact on immunity, immune evasion, vaccines efficacy, etc.
Signal Transduction Pathways That Regulate Neural Stem Cell Division and Differentiation (2003)

Following the identification and isolation of putative neural stem cells, a plethora of studies have addressed the potential of soluble growth factors to control their proliferation, maturation, and survival (1–4). Mitogenic growth factors, neurotrophins, and cytokines have been shown to play key roles in these events (5–8). Instead, much less investigated are the gene transcription events and signaling proteins activated during central nervous system (CNS) stem cell division and differentiation.
Research on Li-ion Battery Management System (2010)

Battery management system (BMS) is an integral part of the electric vehicle (EV) and the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV).The BMS performs the tasks by integrating one or more of the functions, such as sampling the voltages of the battery cells and the temperatures in the battery module, sampling the voltage of the battery, sampling the current of the battery, as well as cells balancing and determining the state of charge (SOC).In this paper the research of the cells voltage sampling , battery temperature sampling, battery voltage sampling and battery current sampling will be discussed. The method of sampling cells voltage, battery temperature and cells balancing using special integrate circuit (IC) will be presented. This method resolves the problems of sampling cells voltage in Li-ion battery, which has hundreds of cells. We discuss two methods about the result of battery current integral (A <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">h</sub> ), and pick out the better via the data of experiment.