gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An investigation of the compatibility of different approaches to self-healing concrete: The superabsorbent polymers and microbially induced calcite precipitation (2019)

The concept of the self-healing concrete, thus an improvement of the durability of concrete structures, has become a widely investigated topic in recent decades. The aim of this study is to examine a possible combination of two existing approaches to the spontaneous crack-sealing – the biologically driven calcite precipitation and the addition of superabsorbent polymers (SAP) into the concrete matrix. Firstly, the paper compares the absorption rate of SAP in various solutions, including a nutrient-based solution which is used in the bio-concrete. The results show that the ionic composition of the liquid influence the swelling capacity greatly. In this study, the absorption rate of SAP in the nutrient-based solution is as low as 6% of the rate in distilled water. Thus, this finding could indicate a possible drawback of the combination of the proposed self-healing approaches. Further, this paper determines the impact of the SAP addition to cement paste with different water/cement ratios. In this experiment, the SAP is applied in various dosages (1% and 0.5% by c. w.) and states (a dry state or a fully swollen state). The conducted flowability and mechanical properties tests indicate a profound, generally negative, impact of the SAP addition on the cement paste characteristics. The paper then discusses possible adjustments of the SAP-cement paste composition and compares the present results with previous studies.
Evaluation of Feeder Monitoring Parameters for Incipient Fault Detection Using Laplace Trend Statistic (2004)

This paper focuses on a systematic and cumulative statistical approach for identifying symptom parameters of incipient faults in distribution feeders. The proposed method aims at providing a tool for evaluating and identifying the best and highly correlated parameters to the faults so that they could be used for incipient fault detection and feeder condition monitoring. The Laplace test statistic is adopted for trend analysis of the event log of candidate parameters and applied to actual feeder event data for online detection and monitoring purposes.
An innovator's journey (2023)

The principal reasons for this are twofold. Firstly, it is likely that your innovation is mature enough in its lifecycle, coupled with the absence of a rudimentary business plan, leading to potential investors being unable to accurately assess the viability of your innovation. Universities are packed full of technical and creative people with all the skills necessary to solve your problems. These are often undergraduates who can take on some of the work required as part of a project within their course, which often makes the work performed free. Many countries have innovation/business grants whose principal aim is to increase the UK PLC GDP. These are often much easier to get than formal research funding but are often matched funding: if you can find £50,000, we'll give you £50,000.
Thiolated Chitosan Nanoparticles as an Oral Delivery System for Amikacin: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluations (2009)

The purpose of this study was the synthesis of two thiol conjugated Chitosan polymers, and evaluation of the potential of Thiomer nanoparticle formulation as a carrier for oral delivery system. Mediated by EDAC (Ethylene-3-(3-di-methylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide), either N-acetyl Cysteine (NAC) or N-acetyl D-penicillamine (NAP) were covalently attached to Chitosan. The success of the synthesis was demonstrated by comparing FTIR spectra. Iodometric titration demonstrated that depending on the pH value of the synthesis medium, the Thiomers display 250 +/- 30 microMol and 300 +/- 20 microMol thiol groups per gram of polymer respectively. The interaction between mucin and Thiomers, compared to mucin and Chitosan was studied for assessment of mucoadhesion properties of synthesized polymers. This interaction was determined by the measurement of the amount of mucin adsorbed on Chitosan and the conjugated polymers. Rotating cylinder method demonstrated an average of 20 times improvement in mucoadhesion of Thiomers compared to the unmodified polymer. Chitosan and Thiomer nanoparticles were formulated by two methods; TPP and Sodium Sulfate gelation. SEM micrographs and data achieved by a Malvern nano/zetasizer show nanoparticles formed by TPP gelation have a mean size of 150 +/- 15 nm compared to 300 +/- 25 nm sized nanoparticles obtained by Sodium sulfate gelation. TPP gelation yields smaller, more spherical shaped nanoparticles with a smaller range of size distribution. Amikacin loaded nanoparticles with an average size of 280 nm were prepared by TPP gelation in which disulfide bond formation was achieved by a time dependent oxidation process. In vitro studies were carried out; a recovery rate of 33% and a drug entrapment of 25% were achieved. The amount of release was determined during 18 hr in a carefully prepared media. The permeation time across a biological membrane was observed to be about 150 minutes. Microbiological tests were carried out on two microorganisms; Pseudomona aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus to further confirm the amount of Amikacin inside drug loaded nanoparticles.
Post-traumatic Raynaud's phenomenon following volar plate injury. (2014)

Post-traumatic Raynaud's phenomenon following non-penetrating or non-repetitive injury is rare. We report a case of Raynaud's phenomenon occurring in a single digit 3 months following volar plate avulsion injury. Daily episodes of painless pallor of the digit occurred for 1 month upon any exposure to cold, resolving with warm water therapy. Symptoms resolved after the initiation of hand therapy, splinting, and range-of- motion exercises.
Diffusion‐weighted imaging of the healthy pancreas: ADC values are age and gender dependent (2012)

Pancreatic ADC values decline with ageing and show significant gender differences with higher mean values in females. The awareness of baseline values adjusted to age and gender will be important for correct interpretation of individual cases and design of future studies.
Chromosomal domains: epigenetic contexts and functional implications of genomic compartmentalization (2013)

We review recent developments in mapping chromosomal contacts and compare emerging insights on chromosomal contact domain organization in Drosophila and mammalian cells. Potential scenarios leading to the observation of Hi-C domains and their association with the epigenomic context of the chromosomal elements involved are discussed. We argue that even though the mechanisms and precise physical structure underlying chromosomal domain demarcation are yet to be fully resolved, the implications to genome regulation and genome evolution are profound. Specifically, we hypothesize that domains are facilitating genomic compartmentalization that support the implementation of complex, modular, and tissue specific transcriptional program in metazoa.
Drug Resistance and Adhesion: a Closer Look at the Dark Side of the Wall. (2015)

International audience
A Thin Surface Wave Antenna Using a Via-Less EBG Structure for 2.45 GHz On-Body (2010)

International audience
Canonical representation of a nonstationary path following problem (2015)

The path following problem for kinematic models of wheeled robots governed by nonlinear nonstationary affine systems with scalar control is considered. The concept of a canonical representation for this problem is introduced. The path following problem in a canonical form is stated as that of stabilizing zero solution with respect to a part of the variables and is easily solved by applying the feedback linearization technique. The original problem is shown to reduce to a canonical form by applying a time-scale transformation and converting the intermediate affine system obtained to a normal form. It is noted that such a representation is not unique and depends on the choice of the time-scale transformation applied. The advantages and disadvantages of the three canonical representations obtained by means of three different, previously applied time-scale transformations are discussed. An example of the path following problem described by an affine system with a nonstationary drift field is presented.
High-precision opto-mechanical lens system for space applications assembled by innovative local soldering technique (2016)

Solder joining using metallic solder alloys is an alternative to adhesive bonding. Laser-based soldering processes are especially well suited for the joining of optical components made of fragile and brittle materials such as glasses, ceramics and optical crystals. This is due to a localized and minimized input of thermal energy. Solderjet bumping technology has been used to assemble a lens mount breadboard taking as input specifications the requirements found for the optical beam expander for the European Space Agency (ESA) EarthCare Mission. The silica lens and a titanium barrel have been designed and assembled with this technology in order to withstand the stringent mission demands; handling high mechanical and thermal loads without losing its optical performances. Finally a high-precision opto-mechanical lens mount has been assembled with a minimal localized stress (&lt;1 MPa) showing outstanding performances in terms of wave-front error measurements and beam depolarization ratio before and after environmental tests.
[Heart transplantation in acute myocardial infarction]. (1991)

Ten patients with cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction were referred to the University Hospital Henri Mondor as candidates for cardiac transplantation. The period before transplantation was bridged by maximal pharmacological support including sympathomimetic and phosphodiesterase inhibitor inotropic agents and, in non-responders, by mechanical ventricular assist devices (1 case) or artificial hearts (2 cases). The 7 patients who improved with optimal pharmacological support alone had a good initial course. However, only two of these patients were finally transplanted, three died suddenly either in the intensive care unit or after withdrawal of intravenous drugs and hospital discharge. One patient remained well and after coronary bypass surgery, enjoys good quality life. One patient was found secondarily to be a poor candidate for transplantation and died shortly after. The outcome of 2 of the 3 patients who did not respond to pharmacological treatment and who required mechanical support was spectacularly good and enabled successful cardiac transplantation. Our experience underlines the numerous difficulties of different natures of cardiac transplantation in this indication, the value and risks of the new inotropic agents, and the real but limited role of heroic procedures such as the artificial heart.
Influence of spin and orbital fluctuations on Mott-Hubbard exciton dynamics in LaVO3 thin films (2020)

Recent optical conductivity measurements reveal the presence of Hubbard excitons in certain Mott insulators. In light of these results, it is important to revisit the dynamics of these materials to account for excitonic correlations. We investigate time-resolved excitation and relaxation dynamics as a function of temperature in perovskite-type ${\mathrm{LaVO}}_{3}$ thin films using ultrafast optical pump-probe spectroscopy. ${\mathrm{LaVO}}_{3}$ undergoes a series of phase transitions at roughly the same critical temperature ${T}_{C}\ensuremath{\cong}140$ K, including a second-order magnetic phase transition ($\mathrm{PM}\stackrel{}{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}\mathrm{AFM}$) and a first-order structural phase transition, accompanied by $C$-type spin order and $G$-type orbital order. Ultrafast optical pump-probe spectroscopy at 1.6 eV monitors changes in the spectral weight of the Hubbard exciton resonance which serves as a sensitive reporter of spin and orbital fluctuation dynamics. We observe dramatic slowing down of the spin, and orbital dynamics in the vicinity of ${T}_{C}\ensuremath{\cong}140$ K, reminiscent of a second-order phase transition, despite the (weakly) first-order nature of the transition. We emphasize that since it is spectral weight changes that are probed, the measured dynamics are not reflective of conventional exciton generation and recombination, but are related to the dynamics of Hubbard exciton formation in the presence of a fluctuating many-body environment.
Authors' Response (2002)

We believe that the outcome and surgical management of the cases reported in our study were criticized by inappropriate arguments and statements as follows
Microbial diversity of an oil-water processing site and its associated oil field: the possible role of microorganisms as information carriers from oil-associated environments (2009)

The phylogenetic diversity of Bacteria and Archaea in water retrieved from a Dutch oil field and units of the associated oil-water separation site were determined using two culture-independent methods. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments was used to scan the microbial diversity in (1) the oil-water emulsion produced, (2) two different oil-water separator tanks, (3) a wash tank and (4) a water injector. Longer 16S rRNA gene fragments were amplified, cloned and sequenced to determine the diversity in more detail. One of the questions addressed was whether the detected microorganisms could serve as indicators for the environments from which they were retrieved. It was observed that the community found in the production water resembled those reported previously in oil reservoirs, indicating that these ecosystems harbor specific microbial communities. It was shown that changes, like a decrease in temperature, cause a distinctive shift in these communities. The addition of SO(3)(2-) to the wash tank as ammonium bisulphite, used in the oil industry to scavenge oxygen, resulted in a complete community change, giving rise to an unwanted sulphate-reducing community. The fact that these changes in the community can be linked to changes in their environment might indicate that these tools can be used for the monitoring of changing conditions in oil reservoirs upon, for example, water flooding.
PTH Stimulated Growth and Decreased Col‐X Deposition are Phosphotidylinositol‐3,4,5 Triphosphate Kinase and Mitogen Activating Protein Kinase Dependent in Avian Sterna (2009)

Type X collagen (Col-X) deposition is a marker of terminal differentiation during chondrogenesis, in addition to appositional growth and apoptosis. The parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone related peptide (PTH/PTHrP) receptor, or PPR, is a G-Protein coupled receptor (GPCR), which activates several downstream pathways, moderating chondrocyte differentiation, including suppression of Col-X deposition. An Avian sterna model was used to analyze the PPR GPCR downstream kinase role in growth rate and extracellular matrix (ECM) including Col-II, IX, and X. Phosphatidylinositol kinase (PI3K), mitogen activating protein kinase (MAPK) and protein kinase A (PKA) were inhibited with specific established inhibitors LY294002, PD98059, and H89, respectively to test the hypothesis that they could reverse/inhibit the PTH/PTHrP pathway. Excised E14 chick sterna were PTH treated with or without an inhibitor and compared to controls. Sternal length was measured every 24 hr. Cultured sterna were immuno-stained using specific antibodies for Col-II, IX, or X and examined via confocal microscopy. Increased growth in PTH-treated sterna was MAPK, PI3K, and PKA dose dependent, suggesting growth was regulated through multiple pathways. Col-X deposition was rescued in PTH-treated sterna in the presence of PI3K or MAPK inhibitors, but not with the PKA inhibitor. All three inhibitors moderately disrupted Col-II and Col-IX deposition. These results suggest that PTH can activate multiple pathways during chondrocyte differentiation.
Energy-Efficient Data Aggregation Hierarchy for Wireless Sensor Networks (2005)

A network of sensors can be used to obtain state-based data from the area in which they are deployed. To reduce costs, the data, sent via intermediate sensors to a sink, is often aggregated (or compressed). This compression is done by a subset of the sensors called aggregators. Since sensors are usually equipped with small and unreplenishable energy reserves, a critical issue is to strategically deploy an appropriate number of aggregators so as to minimize the amount of energy consumed by transporting and aggregating the data. In this paper, we first study single-level aggregation and propose an Energy-Efficient Protocol for Aggregator Selection (EPAS). Then, we generalize it to an aggregation hierarchy and extend EPAS to a Hierarchical Energy-Efficient Protocol for Aggregator Selection (hEPAS). We derive the optimal number of aggregators with generalized compression and power-consumption models, and present fully distributed algorithms for aggregator deployment. Simulation results show that our algorithms significantly reduce the energy consumption for data collection in wireless sensor networks. Moreover, the algorithms do not rely on particular routing protocols, and are thus applicable to a broad spectrum of application environments.
Mechanical Characterization and Finite Strain Constitutive Modeling of Electrospun Polycaprolactone under Cyclic Loading (2010)

Electrospun polymers have potential for use as tissue engineered scaffolds, yet in this environment they must be able to withstand multiple cycles of loading, slightly elevated temperatures, moisture, and other degrading chemical interactions. In this work, the effects of cyclic loading, temperature, and moisture on electrospun polycaprolactone are investigated through tensile testing of dogbone-shaped specimens. Effects of fiber alignment on the macroscopic mechanical behavior are investigated by comparing samples collected on a flat plate with samples collected on a rotating cylinder. Small temperature changes had only a small effect, but moisture significantly degraded the performance of the material. In cyclic testing, the mechanical behavior changed significantly after the first cycle, suggesting that damage to the original structure occurs when first loaded. A hyperelastic representative volume element-based constitutive model was modified to capture the effect of cyclic damage and was found to reproduce the general trend quite well.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OFTHE LAG RANG IAN BEHAVIOR OF SOLID PARTICLES IN IMPINGING LIQUID JETS (1999)

Lagrangian behaviors of solid particles released in an axisymmetric submerged water jet impinging onto a horizontal plane surface have been studied numerically. The impinging jet flow (Re = 13,000) is represented using a modified k−ε turbulence model proposed by Kato and Launder (1993). Trajectories and velocities of the particles are calculated using a one-way coupling Lagrangian eddy-particle interaction model based on Schuen et al. (1983). The assumption of isotropy of local fluid velocity derivatives is made to model the added mass term and the pressure gradient term in the particle equation of motion. Thousands of glass particles (particle to fluid density ratio, ρp/ρf = 2.6) of 1.05 mm diameter are released at the exit of the jet. The mean and root mean square (RMS) velocities of particles simulated are in good agreement with experimental data obtained with a stereoscopic particle tracking technique.
Extension of the Haseman–Elston method to multiple alleles and multiple loci: theory and practice for candidate genes (1997)

The Haseman &amp; Elston (1972) sibling‐pair regression method has been used to detect and estimate the variance contribution to observed values of a quantitative trait by allelic variation in specific candidate genes. The procedure was developed under a model with a single biallelic trait locus. This assumption does not hold for several known systems. In this paper we prove that for candidate gene analysis the Haseman–Elston procedure extends to the case of multiple trait loci, each possibly having more than two alleles. Simulation experiments comparing single‐locus to two‐locus models show that fitting the extended regression equations maintains nominal significance levels, but the power to detect linkage to trait variation is not improved by including additional loci. These results indicate that the original proposal is statistically robust to violations of the underlying genetic model. Practical issues associated with quantifying the relative variance contribution by individual loci are also discussed. Applications of the extended regression equations to lipoprotein(a) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol are given for illustration.
The Impact of Ex Vivo Clinical Grade Activation Protocols on Human T-cell Phenotype and Function for the Generation of Genetically Modified Cells for Adoptive Cell Transfer Therapy (2010)

Optimized conditions for the ex vivo activation, genetic manipulation, and expansion of human lymphocytes for adoptive cell therapy may lead to protocols that maximize their in vivo function. We analyzed the effects of 4 clinical grade activation and expansion protocols over 3 weeks on cell proliferative rate, immunophenotype, cell metabolism, and transduction efficiency of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Peak lentiviral transduction efficiency was early (days 2 to 4), at a time when cells showed a larger size, maximal uptake of metabolic substrates, and the highest level of proximal T-cell receptor signaling engagement. Anti-CD2/3/28 activation beads induced greater proliferation rate and skewed PBMCs early on to a CD4 phenotype when compared with the cells cultured in OKT3. Multicolor surface phenotyping demonstrated that changes in T-cell surface markers that define T-cell functional phenotypes were dependent on the time spent in culture as opposed to the particular activation protocol. In conclusion, ex vivo activation of human PBMCs for adoptive cell therapy demonstrate defined immunophenotypic and functional signatures over time, with cells early on showing larger sizes, higher transduction efficiency, maximal metabolic activity, and zeta-chain-associated protein-70 activation.
Transcriptional landscape of DTP-DTEP transition reveals DUSP6 as a driver of HER2 inhibitor tolerance via Neuregulin/HER3 axis (2023)

Abstract The mechanisms promoting re-growth of dormant cancer cells under continuous tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy are poorly understood. Here we present transcriptional profiling of HER2+ breast cancer cells treated continuously with HER2 TKI (HER2i) therapy for 9 months. The data reveals specific gene regulatory programs associated with transition from dormant drug tolerant persister cells (DTPs) to proliferating DTEP (drug tolerant expanding persister) cells and eventually long-term resistance. Focusing on yet poorly understood phosphatases as determinants of therapy tolerance, expression of dual-specificity phosphatase DUSP6 was found inhibited in DTPs, but strongly induced upon re-growth of DTEPs. DUSP6 overexpression conferred apoptosis resistance whereas its pharmacological blockade prevented DTEP development under HER2i therapy. The DUSP6-driven HER2i tolerance was mediated by activation of neuregulin-HER3 axis, and consistent with the role of HER3 in widespread therapy tolerance, DUSP6 targeting also synergized with clinically used HER2i combination therapies. In vivo, pharmacological DUSP6 targeting induced synthetic lethal effect with HER2i in independent tumor models, and its genetic targeting reduced tumor growth in orthotopic brain metastasis model. Collectively this work provides first transcriptional landscape of DTP-DTEP transition under TKI therapy, and identify DUSP6 as a novel candidate therapy target to overcome widespread HER3-driven therapy resistance.