gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Multiplexed (18-Plex) Measurement of Signaling Targets and Cytotoxic T Cells in Trastuzumab-Treated Patients using Imaging Mass Cytometry (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Imaging mass cytometry (IMC) uses metal-conjugated antibodies to provide multidimensional, objective measurement of protein targets. We used this high-throughput platform to perform an 18-plex assessment of HER2 ICD/ECD, cytotoxic T-cell infiltration and other structural and signaling proteins in a cohort of patients treated with trastuzumab to discover associations with trastuzumab benefit.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;An antibody panel for detection of 18 targets (pan-cytokeratin, HER2 ICD, HER2 ECD, CD8, vimentin, cytokeratin 7, β-catenin, HER3, MET, EGFR, ERK 1–2, MEK 1–2, PTEN, PI3K p110 α, Akt, mTOR, Ki67, and Histone H3) was used with a selection of trastuzumab-treated patients from the Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group 10/05 trial (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 180), and identified a case–control series.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;Patients that recurred after adjuvant treatment with trastuzumab trended toward a decreased fraction of HER2 ECD pixels over threshold compared with cases without recurrence (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.057). After exclusion of the lowest HER2 expressers, 5-year recurrence events were associated with reduced total extracellular domain (ECD)/intracellular domain (ICD) ratio intensity in tumor (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.044). These observations are consistent with our previous work using quantitative immunofluorescence, but represent the proof on identical cell content. We also describe the association of the ECD of HER2 with CD8 T-cell infiltration on the same slide.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;The proximity of CD8 cells as a function of the expression of the ECD of HER2 provides further evidence for the role of the immune system in the mechanism of action of trastuzumab.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
(Z)3,4,5,4′-trans-tetramethoxystilbene, a new analogue of resveratrol, inhibits gefitinb-resistant non-small cell lung cancer via selectively elevating intracellular calcium level (2015)

Calcium is a second messenger which is required for regulation of many cellular processes. However, excessive elevation or prolonged activation of calcium signaling would lead to cell death. As such, selectively regulating calcium signaling could be an alternative approach for anti-cancer therapy. Recently, we have identified an effective analogue of resveratrol, (Z)3,4,5,4'-trans-tetramethoxystilbene (TMS) which selectively elevated the intracellular calcium level in gefitinib-resistant (G-R) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. TMS exhibited significant inhibitory effect on G-R NSCLC cells, but not other NSCLC cells and normal lung epithelial cells. The phosphorylation and activation of EGFR were inhibited by TMS in G-R cells. TMS induced caspase-independent apoptosis and autophagy by directly binding to SERCA and causing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and AMPK activation. Proteomics analysis also further confirmed that mTOR pathway, which is the downstream of AMPK, was significantly suppressed by TMS. JNK, the cross-linker of ER stress and mTOR pathway was significantly activated by TMS. In addition, the inhibition of JNK activation can partially block the effect of TMS. Taken together, TMS showed promising anti-cancer activity by mediating calcium signaling pathway and inducing apoptosis as well as autophagy in G-R NSCLC cells, providing strategy in designing multi-targeting drug for treating G-R patients.
Levodopa prevents the reinstatement of cocaine self‐administration in rats via potentiation of dopamine release in the medial prefrontal cortex (2017)

Dopamine agonists have been proposed as therapeutic tools for cocaine addiction. We have recently demonstrated that indirect dopamine agonists, including levodopa (L-DOPA), markedly increase cocaine-induced dopamine release in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of rats leading to the suppression of cocaine-seeking behavior. This study was aimed to understand the behavioral and neurochemical effects of L-DOPA on cocaine-taking and cocaine-seeking in rats. After reaching a stable pattern of intravenous cocaine self-administration under a continuous fixed ratio (FR-1) schedule of reinforcement, male rats were treated with L-DOPA at different steps of the self-administration protocol. We found that L-DOPA reduced cocaine self-administration under FR-1 schedule of reinforcement and decreased the breaking points and the amount of cocaine self-administered under the progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement. Levodopa also decreased cocaine-seeking behavior both in a saline substitution test and in the cue priming-induced reinstatement test, without affecting general motor activity. Importantly, L-DOPA greatly potentiated cocaine-induced dopamine release in the mPFC of self-administering rats while reducing their cocaine intake. In the same brain area, L-DOPA also increased dopamine levels during cue priming-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior. The potentiating effect was also evident in the mPFC but not nucleus accumbens core of drug-naïve rats passively administered with cocaine. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that L-DOPA efficaciously reduces the reinforcing and motivational effects of cocaine likely potentiating dopamine transmission in the mPFC. Its ability to prevent cue priming-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking suggests that it might be effective in reducing the risk to relapse to cocaine in abstinent patients.
Design of Multi-Hop Handovers for Hybrid Ad Hoc Networks in Multi-Channel Environments (2008)

To provide Internet connectivity to mobile ad hoc networks, several solutions have been proposed. Most of the proposals focus on the suitable and optimal gateway selection and handover schemes in accordance with the network status and node mobility. However, since an integration of the Internet and ad hoc networks is a function of the network layer, they do not consider characteristics of lower layers such as a multichannel capability. If the operating channels of each gateway are different, mobile nodes connecting to one gateway cannot receive any messages from other gateways, and thus they cannot perform handovers to other gateways. In this paper, we propose a new handover scheme for hybrid ad hoc networks in multi-channel environments. We revise and extend the previously proposed handover schemes namely the forced handover and optimized handover. We also studied the performance of the proposed two schemes through ns-2 simulations.
Rapid Removal of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances with Quaternized Wood Pulp (2022)

Across the United States, many municipalities are utilizing adsorbents to remove pervasive poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) from their drinking water. However, conventional adsorbents usually require long contact times (minutes to days) to achieve high removal efficiencies. To overcome this limitation, we developed materials that rapidly adsorb anionic PFASs from water within seconds. More specifically, we discovered that cellulose fibers functionalized with cationic amines (quaternized wood pulp (QWP)) removed more than 80% of the most prevalent PFASs (perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)) within seconds at environmentally relevant concentrations (∼2.5 μg/L). In contrast, the QWPs were less efficient at adsorbing shorter chain PFASs (<30%). The maximum adsorption capacity values of the best QWP were found to be 763 and 605 mg/g for PFOS and PFOA, respectively, which are competitive with both conventional and newer adsorbents. This work highlights how functionalized cellulose fibers, which are both bio-sourced and biodegradable, may be a promising material for advancing water treatment technologies.
Virtualized reality: constructing time-varying virtual worlds from real world events (1997)

Virtualized reality is a modeling technique that constructs full 3D virtual representations of dynamic events from multiple video streams. Image-based stereo is used to compute a range image corresponding to each intensity image in each video stream. Each range and intensity image pair encodes the scene structure and appearance of the scene visible to the camera at that moment, and is therefore called a visible surface model (VSM). A single time instant of the dynamic event can be modeled as a collection of VSMs from different viewpoints, and the full event can be modeled as a sequence of static scenes-the 3D equivalent of video. Alternatively, the collection of VSMs at a single time can be fused into a global 3D surface model, thus creating a traditional virtual representation out of real world events. Global modeling has the added benefit of eliminating the need to hand-edit the range images to correct errors made in stereo, a drawback of previous techniques. Like image-based rendering models, these virtual representations can be used to synthesize nearly any view of the virtualized event. For this reason, the paper includes a detailed comparison of existing view synthesis techniques with the authors' own approach. In the virtualized representations, however, scene structure is explicitly represented and therefore easily manipulated, for example by adding virtual objects to (or removing virtualized objects from) the model without interfering with real event. Virtualized reality, then, is a platform not only for image-based rendering but also for 3D scene manipulation.
Language model verbalization for automatic speech recognition (2013)

Transcribing speech in properly formatted written language presents some challenges for automatic speech recognition systems. The difficulty arises from the conversion ambiguity between verbal and written language in both directions. Non-lexical vocabulary items such as numeric entities, dates, times, abbreviations and acronyms are particularly ambiguous. This paper describes a finite-state transducer based approach that improves proper transcription of these entities. The approach involves training a language model in the written language domain, and integrating verbal expansions of vocabulary items as a finite-state model into the decoding graph construction. We build an inverted finite-state transducer to map written vocabulary items to alternate verbal expansions using rewrite rules. Then, this verbalizer transducer is composed with the n-gram language model to obtain a verbalized language model, whose input labels are in the verbal language domain while output labels are in the written language domain. We show that the proposed approach is very effective in improving the recognition accuracy of numeric entities.
What Do Online Behavioral Advertising Disclosures Communicate to Users? (CMU-CyLab-12-008) (2018)

Online Behavioral Advertising (OBA) is the practice of tailoring ads based on an individual's online activities. We conducted a 1,505-participant online study to investigate Internet users' perceptions of OBA disclosures while performing an online task. We tested icons, accompanying taglines, and landing pages intended to inform users about OBA and provide opt-out options; these were based on prior research or drawn from those currently in use. The icons, taglines, and landing pages fell short both in terms of notifying participants about OBA and clearly informing participants about their choices. Half of the participants remembered the ads they saw but only 12% correctly remembered the disclosure taglines attached to ads. The majority of participants mistakenly believed that ads would pop up if they clicked on disclosure icons and taglines, and more participants incorrectly thought that clicking the disclosures would let them purchase their own advertisements than correctly understood that they could then opt out of OBA. "Ad-Choices," the tagline most commonly used by online advertisers, was particularly ineffective at communicating notice and choice. 45% of participants who saw "AdChoices" believed that it was intended to sell advertising space, while only 27% believed it was an avenue to stop tailored ads. A majority of participants mistakenly believed that opting out would stop all online tracking, not just tailored ads. We discuss challenges in crafting disclosures, and we provide suggestions for improvement.
Propagating modes in a three-dimensional planar model of a classical spin glass (1979)

Numerical techniques have been used to study the collective excitations in a three-dimensional planar model of a classical spin glass. The ground-state energy, density of states, static susceptibility and dynamic structure factors were calculated for 6*6*6 and 8*8*8 arrays. At long wavelengths the response was dominated by propagating modes. It was found that the energy of the propagating modes was proportional to the wavevector while the linewidth was proportional to k2. The results are in qualitative agreement with the predictions of the theory of Edwards and Anderson (1976).
Somatic stiffness of cochlear outer hair cells is voltage-dependent (1999)

The mammalian cochlea depends on an amplification process for its sensitivity and frequency-resolving capability. Outer hair cells are responsible for providing this amplification. It is usually assumed that the membrane-potential-driven somatic shape changes of these cells are the basis of the amplifying process. It is of interest to see whether mechanical reactance changes of the cells might accompany their changes in cell shape. We now show that the cylindrical outer hair cells change their axial stiffness as their membrane potential is altered. Cell stiffness was determined by optoelectronically measuring the amplitude of motion of a flexible vibrating fiber as it was loaded by the isolated cell. Voltage commands to the cell were delivered in a tight-seal whole-cell configuration. Cell stiffness was decreased by depolarization and increased by hyperpolarization.
Arabidopsis LBP/BPI related-1 and -2 bind to LPS directly and regulate PR1 expression (2016)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major constituent of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and acts as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern that triggers immune responses in both plants and animals. LPS-binding protein (LBP) and bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI), which bind to LPS and play important roles in immunity of mammals, have been well studied. However, the molecule contributing to LPS binding in plants is mostly unknown. The Arabidopsis genome carries two genes encoding LBP/BPI-related proteins which we designated as AtLBP/BPI related-1 (AtLBR-1) and AtLBP/BPI related-2 (AtLBR-2). We found that their N-terminal domains were co-purified with cell wall-derived LPS when expressed in E. coli. Since this finding implied the direct binding of AtLBRs to LPS, we also confirmed binding by using LPS-free AtLBRs and purified LPS. AtLBRs directly bind to both rough and smooth types of LPS. We also demonstrated that LPS-treated atlbr mutant Arabidopsis exhibit a significant delay of induction of defence-related gene pathogenesis-related 1 (PR1) but no other PR genes. Furthermore, LPS-treated atlbr mutants showed defects in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. These results demonstrate that, as well as LBP and BPI of mammals, AtLBRs also play an important role in the LPS-induced immune response of plants.
Empirical Likelihood for Linear Models (1991)

Empirical likelihood is a nonparametric method of inference. It has sampling properties similar to the bootstrap, but where the bootstrap uses resampling, it profiles a multinomial likelihood supported on the sample. Its properties in i.i.d. settings have been investigated in works by Owen, by Hall and by DiCiccio, Hall and Romano. This article extends the method to regression problems. Fixed and random regressors are considered, as are robust and heteroscedastic regressions. To make the extension, three variations on the original idea are considered. It is shown that when some functionals of the distribution of the data are known, one can get sharper inferences on other functionals by imposing the known values as constraints on the optimization. The result is first order equivalent to conditioning on a sample value of the known functional. The use of a Euclidean alternative to the likelihood function is investigated. A triangular array version of the empirical likelihood theorem is given. The one-way ANOVA and heteroscedastic regression models are considered in detail. An example is given in which inferences are drawn on the parameters of both the regression function and the conditional variance model.
Generation and Characterization of a Cell Line with Inducible Expression of Ca v 3.2 (T-Type) Channels (2003)

Establishment of stable cell lines that constitutively express Ca(2+) channels at high density and that are useful for in vitro studies may be complicated by problems with seal quality and duration during whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology. The current studies describe the generation and characterization of cells that express the human alpha1H T-type Ca(2+) channel under the control of a tetracycline-inducible expression system. Western blot and immunostaining studies revealed that expression of the alpha1H protein occurred only in the presence of tetracycline. Using the whole-cell patch-clamp method, the cells displayed peak inward currents of 1.15 +/- 0.14 nA in response to voltage-clamp steps. The T-type Ca(2+) current was inhibited by the T-type Ca(2+) channel antagonist, mibefradil, with an IC(50) of 160 nM. This cell line, with inducible channel expression, sealed with longer duration during whole-cell patch-clamp recording when compared with a cell line that constitutively expresses the alpha1H Ca(2+) channel. Ca(2+) influx through this channel could also be detected after the addition of extracellular Ca(2+). The amount of Ca(2+) influx was dependent on the [Ca](o) with an EC(50) of 4 mM. The Ca(2+) influx was also inhibited by mibefradil with a potency (IC(50) = 183 nM) similar to that observed in the voltage-clamp studies. Overall, this inducible alpha1H Ca(2+) channel-expressing cell line is useful for the study of human T-type Ca(2+) channel function, and offers advantages over a similar cell line that constitutively expresses the channel.
Comparative Study of Multi-Hazard Performance of Different Wall Systems Used in Single-Family Dwelling Construction (2012)

This paper summarizes the types of damage that single-family dwellings experience under different hazard conditions. Available information on the performance of wood-frame, steel stud, structural insulated panel, concrete masonry unit, autoclaved aerated concrete, insulated concrete form, and adobe wall systems in natural disasters and fire is presented to develop an understanding of the damageability of the chosen wall systems. Lessons learned with regard to the vulnerability of damage due to high wind loads resulting from hurricane and tornado as well as missile impact, earthquake induced building deformations, flood water effects, and fire related effects are discussed. At the end, the paper summarizes the appropriateness of different wall systems for single-family dwellings in a simple rating form if the building is expected to experience any of the natural disasters or hazards discussed.
Gas-Solid Chromatographic Analysis of Fraction from Air Retification Columns (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGas-Solid Chromatographic Analysis of Fraction from Air Retification ColumnsS A. GreeneCite this: Anal. Chem. 1959, 31, 3, 480Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1959Publication History Published online14 June 2002Published inissue 1 March 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60147a606https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60147a606research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views33Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A low-jitter clock generator based on ring oscillator with 1/f noise reduction technique for next-generation mobile wireless terminals (2008)

Sampling clock jitter degrades the dynamic range of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). This paper describes a low jitter clock generator for next-generation mobile wireless terminals. The clock generator employs a novel slew rate balancing (SRB) circuit in a single-ended ring oscillator based VCO to suppress the VCO phase noise due to up-converted 1/f noise. The proposed clock generator is fabricated in a 90-nm CMOS technology. The measured results show that the SRB circuit reduces the VCO phase noise by 3–5 dB at the offset frequencies where the up-converted 1/f noise dominates. The clock generator achieves 3.0 ps rms integrated jitter. Required chip area is 0.18 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and the power consumption is 9 mW.
Is single versus combination therapy problematic in the treatment of cutaneous melanoma? (2019)

<b>Introduction</b>: The development of immunotherapies and targeted therapies has changed the treatment approach in resectable, nonresectable, and metastatic melanoma. Because of their different pharmacological profiles, immunotherapies and/or targeted therapies have been studied in various combinations. <b>Areas covered</b>: We reviewed PubMed for most important clinical trials investigating efficacy and tolerability of combinatorial and single-agent approaches for the treatment of melanoma that were published up to June 2019. We discuss the most promising therapy approaches and highlight challenges of melanoma treatment. <b>Expert opinion</b>: Combinatorial approaches seem to be very promising in the treatment of resectable and advanced melanoma. Currently, dual immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) with nivolumab and ipilimumab offers the best first-line treatment option for patients with <i>BRAF</i>-wt and -mutated, advanced melanoma. It is therapy of choice in younger patients with good ECOG performance status and poor prognostic features, whereas ICI monotherapy should be preferred in elderly patients with advanced melanoma. Benefit-risk ratio, patient's QoL and expectations, as well as treatment costs have to be considered in the choice of treatment. However, to elucidate mechanisms of resistance, biomarkers of response and to better define personalized strategies in the treatment of cutaneous melanoma, larger clinical trials comparing combined versus sequential therapies are necessary.