gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Heat of the moment: characterizing the efficacy of thermal camera-based attacks (2011)

In this paper, we examine the potential of using a thermal camera to recover codes typed into keypads in a variety of scenarios. This attack has the advantage over using a conventional camera that the codes do not need to be captured while they are being typed and can instead be recovered for a short period afterwards. To get the broadest sense of how effective such an attack might be, we consider a number of variables: the material of the keypad, the user entering the code, the distance from the camera to the keypad, and the possible methods used to analyze the data. First, we present code recovery results from human review of our test data set; this provides us with a baseline for the overall effectiveness of thermal camera-based attacks. Second, using techniques from computer vision we automatically extract the code from raw camera data, thus demonstrating that this attack has the potential to scale well in practice. As we will see, both human and automated attacks are by and large successful in recovering the keys present in the code, even a full minute after they have been pressed; both methods are also able to determine the exact code (i.e., including the order in which the keys were pressed) for a smaller fraction of codes. Even without ordering, however, the search space of possible keys is still vastly reduced by knowing the keys pressed; for example, the search space is reduced from 10,000 possible codes to approximately 24 for a 4-digit code. In large-scale attacks involving many unique codes, such as on ATM PINs, our success rate indicates that an adversary can correctly recover enough codes to make such an attack economically viable. 1
Use of CD45 fluorescence and side‐scatter characteristics for gating lymphocytes when using the whole blood lysis procedure and flow cytometry (1996)

The light-scatter characteristics of lymphocytes are commonly used to gate lymphocytes for further analysis in a lysed whole-blood assay. Because lymphocytes can be identified by antigens that they possess, a light-scatter gate can be validated by measuring parameters other than light scatter. When a specimen possesses poor light scatter (usually from contaminating nonlymphocytes within the light-scatter gate for lymphocytes), the quality of the gate and, thus, the analyses of lymphocyte subsets can be compromised. We present data to demonstrate the use of CD45 fluorescence combined with side scatter (SSC) for analyzing lysed whole-blood specimens. When we compared CD45/SSC to light scatter (forward and side scatter) for validating a lymphocyte gate, both methods performed similarly in recovering as many lymphocytes as possible in the gate (lymphocyte recovery); however, the CD45/SSC gate had fewer contaminants within the gate (lymphocyte purity). Replicate CD3 values from the CD45/SSC gate were less variable than those from the light-scatter gate, confirming that most of the variability in a light-scatter gate is due to nonlymphocyte contaminants in the gate. We propose that lymphocytes be gated using CD45 fluorescence as well as side-scattering properties and that CD3 also be included in each data analysis tube for quality control. (This article is a U.S Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.) © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
High-Performance and Rapid-Response Electrical Heaters Based on Ultraflexible, Heat-Resistant, and Mechanically Strong Aramid Nanofiber/Ag Nanowire Nanocomposite Papers (2019)

High-performance and rapid response electrical heaters with ultraflexibility, superior heat resistance, and mechanical properties are highly desirable for the development of wearable devices, artificial intelligence, and high-performance heating systems in areas such as aerospace and the military. Herein, a facile and efficient two-step vacuum-assisted filtration followed by hot-pressing approach is presented to fabricate versatile electrical heaters based on the high-performance aramid nanofibers (ANFs) and highly conductive Ag nanowires (AgNWs). The resultant ANF/AgNW nanocomposite papers present ultraflexibility, extremely low sheet resistance (minimum <i>R</i><sub>s</sub> of 0.12 Ω/sq), and outstanding heat resistance (thermal degradation temperature above 500 °C) and mechanical properties (tensile strength of 285.7 MPa, tensile modulus of 6.51 GPa with a AgNW area fraction of 0.4 g/m<sup>2</sup>), benefiting from the partial embedding of AgNWs into the ANF substrate and the extensive hydrogen-bonding interactions. Moreover, the ANF/AgNW nanocomposite paper-based electrical heaters exhibit satisfyingly high heating temperatures (up to ∼200 °C) with rapid response time (10-30 s) at low AgNW area fractions and supplied voltages (0.5-5 V) and possess sufficient heating reliability, stability, and repeatability during the long-term and repeated heating and cooling cycles. Fully functional applications of the ANF/AgNW nanocomposite paper-based electrical heaters are demonstrated, indicating their excellent potential for emerging electronic applications such as wearable devices, artificial intelligence, and high-performance heating systems.
Computation in Dynamically Bounded Asymmetric Systems (2015)

Previous explanations of computations performed by recurrent networks have focused on symmetrically connected saturating neurons and their convergence toward attractors. Here we analyze the behavior of asymmetrical connected networks of linear threshold neurons, whose positive response is unbounded. We show that, for a wide range of parameters, this asymmetry brings interesting and computationally useful dynamical properties. When driven by input, the network explores potential solutions through highly unstable 'expansion' dynamics. This expansion is steered and constrained by negative divergence of the dynamics, which ensures that the dimensionality of the solution space continues to reduce until an acceptable solution manifold is reached. Then the system contracts stably on this manifold towards its final solution trajectory. The unstable positive feedback and cross inhibition that underlie expansion and divergence are common motifs in molecular and neuronal networks. Therefore we propose that very simple organizational constraints that combine these motifs can lead to spontaneous computation and so to the spontaneous modification of entropy that is characteristic of living systems.
Data-driven Feature Sampling for Deep Hyperspectral Classification and Segmentation (2017)

The high dimensionality of hyperspectral imaging forces unique challenges in scope, size and processing requirements. Motivated by the potential for an in-the-field cell sorting detector, we examine a $\textit{Synechocystis sp.}$ PCC 6803 dataset wherein cells are grown alternatively in nitrogen rich or deplete cultures. We use deep learning techniques to both successfully classify cells and generate a mask segmenting the cells/condition from the background. Further, we use the classification accuracy to guide a data-driven, iterative feature selection method, allowing the design neural networks requiring 90% fewer input features with little accuracy degradation.
Delay line adjustment for the optimization of digital continuous time filters (2010)

Systems which perform digital signal processing in continuous-time are attractive for a number of applications like biomedical implants, hearing aids, remote sensors, telecommunications, and audio and speech processing. While the inherent advantages of digital implementations with respect to programmability and noise immunity are retained by this kind of signal processing, they have some interesting advantages compared to classical sampled data systems. A main difference to sampled data systems is the realization of the delay elements which are implemented as quasi-continuous time delay lines. In this paper, it will be shown that an additional degree of freedom for adjusting the delay lines, and therefore optimizing the filter characteristic can be achieved for filter structures, well-suited for continuous time realization.
Multi-Band Metamaterial Absorbers to Efficient Energy Harvesters for Railway Applications (2020)

In this paper, a multi-band metamaterial energy harvester based on the concept of absorption is presented. The aim is to construct a high efficient and miniaturized design for applications at MHz frequencies. The design is composed of a coil spiral structure with a via connected from the metamaterial structure to a load resistance at the bottom end of the ground plane where the absorbed energy is dissipated. In terms of application prospects, unintentional signals have been shown to exist in the railway environment at a wide-band range of frequencies (10 kHz 1 GHz), where . Thus, it can be interesting to investigate the potential of metamaterial energy harvesting systems for railway applications. To date no mature technology has been implemented based on electromagnetic energy harvesting for railway applications in the frequency range between 300 MHz - 1 GHz. The metamaterial design of unit cell dimensions 80 mm× 80 mm, has shown a high level of absorption rate at multiple frequencies between 400 MHz - 1000 MHz up to 98% and the energy has been dissipated across a load resistance of 282 Ω with an efficiency up to 98% at specific frequencies.
Angiotensin II AT1 receptors and Na+/K+ ATPase in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (1997)

Cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) at passage 4 specifically bound 70 +/- 12 fmol [3,5-3H]Tyr4-Ile5-angiotensin (Ang) II/mg protein, with a Kd of 0.9 +/- 0.36 nM. Binding was eliminated in cells preincubated with a monoclonal antibody (6313/G2) raised against the subtype AT1 of the Ang II receptor. Freshly seeded HUVECs were positive for 6313/G2 antibody by immunocytochemistry, and such immunoreactivity was still retained at passage 4. Incubation of HUVECs for 20 min with different concentrations of Ang II provoked a significant increment in Na+/K+ ATPase activity compared with controls, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Maximal response was obtained with 1000 pM Ang II after 20 min stimulation and resulted in a 2.2-fold increment in Na+/K+ ATPase activity. This stimulation was abolished when cells were incubated with 1000 pM Ang II in the presence of 1 microM of the specific AT1 subtype inhibitor, DuP753. Moreover, preincubation of HUVECs with 6313/G2 or with 1 mM dithiothreitol also inhibited the stimulatory effect of Ang II. These results suggest that the AT1 receptor subtype mediates the Na+/K+ ATPase response to Ang II in these cells.
The First Structural Characterization of a Binary P–N Molecule: The Highly Energetic Compound P3N21 (2006)

An explosive mixture: The first structural characterization of a binary molecule of phosphorus and nitrogen is described. With the help of a new synthetic strategy, the phosphorus azide P3N21 is prepared in pure form, and single crystals are isolated, enabling a structure determination by X-ray diffraction (see structure; P orange, N blue). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z601670_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Some Effects of 3:5:3′-Triiodothyropropionic Acid, Methyl Ether in the Rat (1962)

In intact rats 3 :5:3′-triiodothyropropionic acid, methyl ether (tripropmethyl ether) exhibited 0.05 the anti-goitrogenic, 0.015 the calorigenic, and 0.05 the plasma total cholesterol-lowering activity of L(+) 3:5:3′-triiodothyronine (L-triiodothyronine). Triprop-methyl ether did not cause a further elevation of the total body oxygen consumption when administered subcutaneously to rats receiving L-triiodothyronine. In addition, triprop-methyl ether was found to be 0.5 and 0.4 as calorigenic as 3:5:3′-triiodothyropropionic acid in intact and thyroidectomized rats, respectively, while the anti-goitrogenic activity of these agents was found to be the same. When given concurrently with thiouracil to rats that had previously received goitrogen for 10 days, triprop-methyl ether inhibited additional thyroid gland hypertrophy. A guinea pig gravimetric assay indicated that the administration of triprop-methyl ether for 30 days to thiouracil-treated rats resulted in a reduction of the thyrotrophin content of the pituitary gland. Triprop-methyl ether displayed a wider separation between its minimum effective anti-goitrogenic and calorigenic doses than any thyromimetic agent yet reported.
Clinical Pharmacology of Fast-Acting Insulin Aspart Versus Insulin Aspart Measured as Free or Total Insulin Aspart and the Relation to Anti-Insulin Aspart Antibody Levels in Subjects with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (2018)

NCT01618188, NCT02003677, NCT01934712, NCT02568280, NCT01831765.
Improvements in the performance index of self-centering capability of column (2015)

&lt;p&gt;The self-centering capability of columns after earthquakes is a focused topic of current seismic research. Present indices of self-centering capability of columns mainly rely on the relative values of the self-centering force offered by elastic elements and energy dissipation force offered by elastoplastic elements. These indices demand simple and clear relations among elements, so it is difficult to extend them to realistic structures. This paper simplifies a concrete column with unbonded prestressing strands into a single degree of freedom model in which a bilinear elastic spring and a bilinear elastoplastic spring are in parallel. A practical performance index of the self-centering capability is put forward. It takes into account the contribution of post-yield stiffness of the elastoplastic spring to self-centering capability. The index can be obtained by analyzing force-displacement hysteresis of the column. Through theoretical analysis and numerical calculation, the relation between the new index and static residual displacement of self-centering structures is built. This paper adopts the new self-centering index and the static residual displacement to measure the self-centering capability of a single degree of freedom system. The result shows that increasing the restoring force and post-yield stiffness of elastoplastic elements, decreasing the energy dissipation force are beneficial to the self-centering capability of the system.&lt;/p&gt;
Détermination Expérimentale de la Loi de Combustion dans un Moteur de Cogénération Alimenté au Gaz Naturel en Mélange Pauvre (2003)

International audience
On the numerical solution of the discrete-time algebraic Riccati equation (1980)

In this paper we shall present two new algorithms for solution of the diserete-time algebraic Riccati equation. These algorithms are related to Potter's and to Laub's methods, but are based on the solution of a generalized rather than an ordinary eigenvalue problem. The key feature of the new algorithms is that the system transition matrix need not be inverted. Thus, the numerical problems associated with an ill-conditioned transition matrix do not arise and, moreover, the algorithm is directly applicable to problems with a singular transition matrix. Such problems arise commonly in practice when a continuous-time system with time delays is sampled.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ НЕФТЕГАЗОНОСНОСТИ П-ОВА КРЫМ И ЗАПАДНОГО ПОБЕРЕЖЬЯ АЗОВСКОГО МОРЯ (2014)

Crimea's possible pods of active source rocks able to fill traps, located at west part of Sea of Azov, have been detected based on basin modeling. Paleozoic and Cretaceous deposits are expected to be source rocks. Regularity of oil and gas accumulation and prospects of Sea of Azov were studied as result of the investigations.
Mechanical planar biaxial strain effects in Si/SiGe HBT BiCMOS technology (2005)

The first results of the effects of mechanical planar biaxial tensile strain applied, post fabrication, to Si/SiGe HBT BiCMOS technology are reported in this work. Planar biaxial tensile strain was applied to the samples, which included both standard Si CMOS, SiGe HBT, and an epitaxial-base Si BJT control, for both first and second generation SiGe technologies. Device characterization was performed before and after strain, under identical conditions. At a strain level of 0.123%, increases in the saturation current as well as effective mobility are observed for the nFET. The Si BJT /SiGe HBT showed a consistent decrease in collector current and hence current gain after strain.
Tactile pattern recognition with complex linear morphology (1992)

Tactile information processing has received a relatively small amount of attention in the area of pattern recognition. However, while most of the attention has been given to image, acoustic, and electromagnetic signal processing, there are many applications where tactile information processing is applicable. For example, underwater salvage operations where the water may be opaque with debris and target objects may be covered with viscous substances like silt, sand, mud, or camouflaged by crustaceans. These environments may also be hazardous to humans, because of pressure, temperature, or contamination. Another example is industrial assembly where subcomponents, initially in random position and orientation, need to be assembled together. We assume that an object has been tactilly sampled into a polyhedron mesh. Our concentration in this writing is to identify this mesh as belonging to a target object independent of orientation and position. To solve this problem we present a fundamental approach we call Complex Linear Morphology (CLM). This technique involves non-linear architectures which rely on banks of linear correlation filter elements thus the term linear. These elements are comprised of complex weighted training images or solids, thus the term complex. These complex weights are used to approximate logical operations on the input images or solids which result in the discrimination of target objects from clutter objects, thus the term morphology. There are two architectures presented. The first architecture assumes the 3-D polyhedron mesh is converted to a 2-D image by projection. CLM is applied to these 2-D images which are rotation-variant. The second architecture uses CLM techniques to process 3-D information directly. Results are presented for the 2-D CLM approach and techniques are presented for the 3-D CLM approach.
SCAPS characterization of VOC contaminated sites (1997)

This paper describes the Tri-Service Site Characterization and Analysis Penetrometer System, or SCAPS. SCAPS combines cone penetrometer technology with contaminant sensors and samplers.
The Network Structure and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resins Containing a Mesogenic Group as a Backbone Structure. (1995)

代表的なメソゲン基の一つであるビフェニルエーテルを骨格とするビフェノール型エポキシ樹脂の動力学的および力学的性質に対する硬化剤中の活性水素の立体配置の影響が検討された. その結果, このエポキシ樹脂をカテコールノボラックのように活性水素の隣接した硬化剤と反応させると硬化物のガラス転移がほとんど消失し, しかもその現象は硬化剤の活性水素が隣接していればその他の部分の構造を変化させても共通に観察されることが示された. また, エポキシ樹脂の活性エステル硬化のように網目鎖に嵩高い分岐が導入される硬化系では明瞭なガラス転移が観察された. これらの実験事実から, メソゲン基を含むエポキシ樹脂硬化物にみられるガラス転移の消失は, 網目中で立体構造的に隣接するメソゲン基の配向により網目鎖のミクロブラウン運動が強く抑制された結果と考えられた.
Interactive generalized keyboard driver for Bengali Braille Embosser (2017)

Bengali Braille Embosser is a very essential device for learning of visually impaired person in Bangladesh. This paper presents an interactive generalized keyboard driver for Bengali Braille Embosser. This driver is operated by single AVR microcontroller. It can interface any PC keyboard through PS2 interface protocol with the Braille Embosser. The driver is interactive and can communicate with visually impaired person by generating sound of Bengali alphabet after pressing related key of the keyboard. In this paper the Bijoy keyboard layout is used. This driver can stores the written text in memory (micro SD card) and playback the sound of the text also. The designed device supports 16 GB of micro SD storage. This keyboard driver serves the user to edit the written text without help of visual person. So, this device makes a visually impaired person independent of writing and reading. At the same time the device makes Braille code from the written text for printing the Braille text on the Braille paper.
Proceedings of the 2007 international symposium on Wikis (2007)

The 2007 International Symposium on Wikis brings together wiki researchers, practitioners, and users. The goal of the symposium is to explore and extend our growing community.

The symposium has a rigorously reviewed research paper track, as well as plenty of space for workshops, posters, panels, demonstrations, and open discussions. We intend WikiSym 2007 to be an exiciting venue for anyone who is involved in using, researching, or developing wikis.

We recognize the online world is always evolving, and we also welcomed contributions which are about other online media consistent with the wiki philosophy of being open, organic and participatory.

Given the interdisciplinary nature of wikis, we have especially invited contributions from researchers and practitioners from a wide range of fields including: 
business, marketing, law
communications and media studies
computer science, human-computer interaction
history, political science, geography
information and library science
linguistics, discourse analysis, language studies
natural sciences, medicine

.

We were very happy at the positive support, and we did get submissions covering all aspects that we suggested. For the research paper track, we received 39 submissions. Of these, we accepted 9 as full papers, and 11 as short papers. All submissions were reviewed by at least three members of our international program committee, and acceptance was decided by consensus.

We feel that the wiki idea is continuing to gain pace as it reaches many people who see the benefits and fascination of this simple but far-reaching approach to sharing knowledge in a community.
Supplementary table S2 from Endoglin Expression on Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Regulates Invasion and Stimulates Colorectal Cancer Metastasis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Antibodies for immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and western blot.&lt;/p&gt;
Solution of Convolution Integral Equations by the Method of Differential Inversion (1993)

In this paper, a method called “differential inversion” is presented for solving a class of integral equations (Fredholm integral equations of the first kind) of convolution form. Differential inversion (DI) is presented as an alternative to Fourier transform methods. The method expresses the unknown function as a series of successive derivatives of the known function. The known-unknown functions are evaluated at the same point. This new expansion is not to be confused with a Taylor expansion, although we show that every Taylor expansion is a differential inversion expansion. Differential inversion is shown to be related to Gauss’s multipole expansion of a field at large distances from its source. The fundamental mathematical objects in this theory are generalizations of distributions, which we term “generalized distributions” or “hyperdistributions.” An important feature of our method is that convolutions form a closed algebraic field in the space of hyperdistributions. The relation of this field to Mikusiński’s field is discussed. A major result of our analysis is to give an explicit construction of the convolution inverse for any element of our field. The coefficients in the differential inversion series may be computed from the moments of the kernel. The inversion of convolution equations with exponential and Gaussian kernels is demonstrated in this paper (although the method may be applied to any kernel with finite moments). In particular, unique solutions are obtained in the space of hyperdistributions, even in those cases that cannot be represented by convergent Fourier integrals. The choices of kernels made here are relevant to a number of physical problems in signal processing, image processing, radiative transfer, and other inverse problems.