gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Survival of Aerobic and Anoxic Human Glioma and Melanoma Cells after Irradiation at Ultrahigh and Clinical Dose Rates (1994)

This in vitro study was undertaken to determine if ultrahigh dose rates could improve the radiation response of human tumors. Two cell lines, human glioma (U-87 MG), which is radioresistant, and human melanoma (HT-144), which is radiosensitive, were irradiated at ultrahigh and high dose rates under aerobic and anoxic conditions to determine if their oxygen enhancement ratios are modified by dose rate. In fact, the survival curves, and hence the oxygen enhancement ratios, were found to be independent of the dose rate. The oxygen enhancement ratio for glioma cells irradiated in plateau phase was 2.8 (+/- 0.3). The oxygen enhancement ratio was 2.7 (+/- 0.4) for melanoma cells in plateau phase and 2.8 (+/- 0.3) in exponential phase. These results indicate that there is no advantage in treating these tumors using ultrahigh dose rates instead of conventional dose rates.
Charge-Separated Mixed Valency in an Unsymmetrical Acceptor–Donor–Donor Triad Based on Diarylboryl and Triarylamine Units (2019)

In this study, we report the generation of new mixed-valence (MV) subspecies with charge-separated (CS) characters from an unsymmetrical acceptor-donor-donor (A-D-D) triad. The triad was synthesized by attaching a dimesitylboryl group (A) to a D-D conjugate that consisted of triarylamine (NAr<sub>3</sub>) units. The MV radical cation, obtained by chemical oxidation of the triad, exhibited a strong intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) absorption derived from the bis(NAr<sub>3</sub>)<sup>•+</sup> moiety in the near-IR region. The charge-separated MV (CSMV) state, obtained by photoexcitation of the triad, caused a blue shift in IVCT energy in the femtosecond transient absorption spectra, reflecting a bias of positive charge distributions to the D end site. This resulted from increased electron density at the A site and restructuring of the central D site from NAr<sub>3</sub> to NAr<sub>2</sub> sites. Interestingly, any shift in the IVCT energy that was caused by the polarity of the solvent was minimal, reflecting the unique characteristics of the CSMV state. These findings represent the first detailed analysis of the CSMV state, including a comparison with conventional MV states. Therefore, this work provides new insights into counterion-free MV systems and their applications in molecular devices.
Microfabricated thin-film physical sensors for hostile environment (2002)

Advanced microfabricated thin film sensors are being developed to provide accurate temperature, heat flux and strain measurements for use in hostile propulsion environments. These sensors are sputter deposited and microfabricated directly onto the test articles with no additional bonding agent. The thickness of the sensors is only a few micrometers, which creates minimal disturbance of the gas flow over the test surface. Thus thin film sensors have the advantage over conventional wire-based sensors by providing minimally intrusive measurement and having a faster response. These microfabricated thin film sensors are being developed for characterization of advanced materials and structures in hostile, high-temperature environments, and for validation of design codes. This paper presents the advances of microfabricated physical sensor technologies developed at NASA Lewis Research Center: thermocouples, heat-flux gages and resistance strain gages. The fabrication techniques of these thin film sensors are described. Sensor demonstrations on a variety of engine materials in several hostile, high-temperature test environments are presented. The advantages and limitations of thin film sensor technology are also discussed.
Dynamic Self-modifying Code Detection Based on Backward Analysis (2018)

Self-modifying code (SMC) is widely used in obfuscated program for enhancing the difficulty in reverse engineering. The typical mode of self-modifying code is restore-execute-hide, it drives program to conceal real behaviors at most of the time, and only under actual running will the real code be restored and executed. In order to locate the SMC and further recover the original logic of code for guiding program analysis, dynamic self-modifying code detecting method based on backward analysis is proposed. Our method first extracts execution trace such as instructions and status through dynamic analysis. Then we maintain a memory set to store the memory address of execution instructions, the memory set will update dynamically while backward searching the trace, and simultaneously will we check the memory write address to match with current memory set in order to identify the mode "modify then execute". By means of validating self-modifying code which is identified via above procedures, we can easily deobfuscate the program which use self-modifying code and achieve its original logic. A prototype that can be applied in self-modifying code detection is designed and implemented. The evaluation results show our method can trace the execution of program effectively, and can reduce the consumption in time and space.
Decline Of Anopheles sergentii and Aedes caspius Populations Following Presentation Of Attractive Toxic (Spinosad) Sugar Bait Stations In An Oasis (2008)

The effect of attractive sugar bait stations, including sucrose, juice of nectarine, slow-release substances, preservatives, red food-dye marker, and the oral insecticide spinosad, on Anopheles sergentii and Aedes caspius populations was studied in a small oasis in a southern desert of Israel. Feeding on similar baits without an insecticide was monitored as a control in a similar neighboring oasis. The insecticide caused a drastic decrease in the number of mosquitoes. Compared to the control site, the An. sergentii population was reduced to less than a tenth and that of Ae. caspius declined to a third. The majority of the mosquitoes, 76.0% of An. sergentii females and 74.8% of Ae. caspius females, were marked by the food dye in the control site.
Oxygen donation to manganese(III) tetraphenylporphyrin chloride. Low reactivity of hydroperoxides as oxygen donors to manganese(III) porphyrins (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxygen donation to manganese(III) tetraphenylporphyrin chloride. Low reactivity of hydroperoxides as oxygen donors to manganese(III) porphyrinsLung Chi Yuan and Thomas C. BruiceCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 7, 986–987Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00201a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00201a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views115Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A semi-closed-form solution to optimal decentralized beamforming for two-way relay networks (2009)

In this paper, we investigate the design of a distributed beamforming technique for two-way relay networks consisting of two transceivers and multiple relay nodes. We consider the problem of the total transmit power minimization subject to two constraints that maintain the transceivers' SNRs above given thresholds ¿ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and ¿ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> . For this problem, we obtain a semi-closed-form solution for the beamforming weight vector. Our solution is based on the observation that beamforming weight vector depends on the sum of SNR thresholds ¿ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> + ¿ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> . As long as this sum does not change, the beamforming weight vector will not change. Hence, a two-way relay vector can be equivalently modeled as a one-way relay network where ¿ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and ¿ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> are replaced with 0 and ¿ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> + ¿ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , respectively. Based on this equivalent one-way relaying scheme, the beamforming weight vector is obtained in a closed form if a certain intermediate parameter is given. This parameter is the transmit power of the source in the equivalent one-way relaying scheme and can be obtained efficiently using a simple bisection method. Once this parameter is obtained, the beamforming weight vector can be obtained in a closed form.
Hepatitis B virus-induced oncogenesis (2007)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world with an annual incidence of more than 500000 in the year 2000. Its incidence is rising in many countries. Recently, it has been estimated that about 53% of HCC cases in the world are related to hepatitis B virus (HBV). The epidemiological association of HBV with HCC is well established. In recent studies, it was revealed that HBsAg carriers have a 25-37 times increased risk of developing HCC as compared to non-infected people. At present, HBV-associated carcinogenesis can be seen as a multi-factorial process that includes both direct and indirect mechanisms that might act synergistically. The integration of HBV DNA into the host genome occurs at early steps of clonal tumor expansion. The integration has been shown in a number of cases to affect a variety of cancer-related genes and to exert insertional mutagenesis. The permanent liver inflammation, induced by the immune response, resulting in a degeneration and regeneration process confers to the accumulation of critical mutations in the host genome. In addition to this, the regulatory proteins HBx and the PreS2 activators that can be encoded by the integrate exert a tumor promoter-like function resulting in positive selection of cells producing a functional regulatory protein. Gene expression profiling and proteomic techniques may help to characterize the molecular mechanisms driving HBV-associated carcinogenesis, and thus potentially identify new strategies in diagnosis and therapy.
Magnetic Resonance in Food Science (2007)

Magnetic resonance has long demonstrated its tremendous versatility in many areas of science. Nowhere has this been more apparent than in food science, where problems encountered in a variety of situations can be resolved using one of the many techniques available to the magnetic resonance practitioner. From structural studies and investigations of molecules in frozen sugar solutions, to identifying the origins of salmon and detecting free radicals in irradiated food, magnetic resonance techniques can provide useful information. Divided into four sections entitled A View Towards the Next Century; Food Safety and Health; Structure and Dynamics; and Analysis, Monitoring and Authentication, the book consists of top quality contributions from renowned international scientists, and looks at what magnetic resonance techniques can offer both now and in the future. Offering state-of-the-art material, Magnetic Resonance in Food Science: A View to the Future is essential reading for both academics and industrialists in food science.
Intravenous administration of lisuride in the treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. (1992)

The neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a very rare but life-threatening complication of neuroleptic treatment. The mortality of NMS has been estimated at 8-30% and the most common cause of death is respiratory failure. Signs and symptoms of NMS are attributed to impairment of dopaminergic neurotransmission in the central nervous system. We describe two cases of NMS successfully treated with intravenous lisuride in combination with oral L-Dopa.
Extracellular Ionic Locks Determine Variation in Constitutive Activity and Ligand Potency between Species Orthologs of the Free Fatty Acid Receptors FFA2 and FFA3 (2012)

Free fatty acid receptors 2 and 3 (FFA2 and FFA3) are G protein-coupled receptors for short chain free fatty acids (SCFAs). They respond to the same set of endogenous ligands but with distinct rank-order of potency such that acetate (C2) has been described as FFA2-selective, whereas propionate (C3) is non-selective. Although C2 was confirmed to be selective for human FFA2 over FFA3, this ligand was not selective between the mouse orthologs. Moreover, although C3 was indeed not selective between the human orthologs, it displayed clear selectivity for mouse FFA3 over mouse FFA2. This altered selectivity to C2 and C3 resulted from broad differences in SCFAs potency at the mouse orthologs. In studies to define the molecular basis for these observations, marked variation in ligand-independent constitutive activity was identified using a [(35)S]GTPγS assay. The orthologs with higher potency for the SCFAs, human FFA2 and mouse FFA3, displayed high constitutive activity in this assay, whereas the orthologs with lower potency for the agonist ligands, mouse FFA2 and human FFA3, did not. Sequence alignments of the second extracellular loop identified single negatively charged residues in FFA2 and FFA3 not conserved between species and predicted to form ionic lock interactions with arginine residues within the FFA2 or FFA3 agonist binding pocket to regulate constitutive activity and SCFA potency. Reciprocal mutation of these residues between species orthologs resulted in the induction (or repression) of constitutive activity and in most cases also yielded corresponding changes in SCFA potency.
Unsupervised Learning Techniques for Trilateration: From Theory to Android APP Implementation (2019)

Because the characteristics of wireless propagation channels (especially indoor channels) are too diverse and complex, the distance estimation strategy of range-based positioning techniques should adaptively change depending on the environment. In this paper, we study unsupervised learning techniques that efficiently do this without human intervention. As users simply move around an area of interest with mobile devices, the proposed method autonomously learns the characteristics of the surrounding environments and changes the ranging strategy accordingly. To this end, we use either model-based or neural network (NN)-based ranging modules for estimating the distance from neighboring anchor nodes, calculate the position of the devices using trilateration techniques, and define cost functions that indirectly evaluate the accuracy of the ranging module based on the trilateration results. Moreover, by assigning a unique trainable variable to each device, the proposed method is also able to compensate for different characteristics between devices without ground truth data. The performance of the proposed method is verified with a real-time location tracking application using received signal strength (RSS) measurements from conventional Wi-Fi access points (APs) or round trip time (RTT) measurements from APs that support the fine timing measurement (FTM) protocol. In cases where a model-based ranging module is used, the proposed method closely achieves the benchmark performance, which perfectly optimizes all the trainable variables on the test data. If NNs are adopted in the ranging module, the proposed method even outperforms the benchmark and achieves an average positioning accuracy of up to 2.397 m using RSS measurements, and up to 1.547 m using RTT measurements under the 40 MHz bandwidth configuration.
Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Induction of Obesity (2019)

Complex interactions between immune cells are an important component in the induction of obesity. Here, we show that Il2rg<sup>-/-</sup>Rag2<sup>-/-</sup> mice lacking all lymphocytes are resistant to diet-induced obesity. Transplantation of bone marrow cells from Rag2<sup>-/-</sup> mice, which lack only acquired immune cells, into Il2rg<sup>-/-</sup>Rag2<sup>-/-</sup> mice abolishes this resistance, indicating a role for innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in this process. Mice lacking ILC2 or ILC3 cells, but not natural killer cells, are resistant to obesity. Adoptive transfer of naive ILC2s isolated from the small intestine (SI), but not ILC2s from white adipose tissue (WAT), restores the induction of diet-induced obesity in Il2rg<sup>-/-</sup>Rag2<sup>-/-</sup> mice. Analysis of transcriptional differences reveals that SI-ILC2s express higher levels of IL-2 than do WAT-ILC2s and that blockade of IL-2 signaling impairs weight gain and reduces the populations of ILC2s and ILC3s in the SI, suggesting a role for the IL-2/ILC2/3 axis in the induction of obesity.
CDC growth charts: United States. (2000)

Created with improved data and statistical curve smoothing procedures, the United States growth charts represent an enhanced instrument to evaluate the size and growth of infants and children.
Direct UV‐Induced Functionalization of Surface Hydroxy Groups by Thiol–Ol Chemistry (2014)

A novel UV-initiated surface modification method for the direct functionalization of surface hydroxy groups with thiol-containing molecules (termed "thiol-ol" modification) is described. This method is based on the oxidative conjugation of thiols to hydroxy groups. We demonstrate that different thiol-containing molecules, such as fluorophores, thiol-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-SH), and a cysteine-containing peptide, can be attached onto the surface of porous poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate). Direct functionalization of other hydroxy-group-bearing surfaces, fabrication of micropatterns, and double patterning have been also demonstrated using the thiol-ol method.
High sensitivity spin-valve strain sensor (1998)

A technique for detecting strain has been demonstrated based on a spin-valve sensor. The 400 Å thick sensor has been integrated onto an atomic force microscope cantilever. An applied strain caused by bending of the cantilever changes the orientation of the free-layer magnetization due to magnetostriction. This in turn results in a change in the electrical resistance because of the giant magnetoresistance effect. With the proper magnetic bias, a base-line strain sensitivity of 10−10/Hz1/2 has been achieved. The corresponding gauge factor of 150 is roughly 1.6× that of similar silicon piezoresistive cantilevers. In the future, one might be able to enhance the sensitivity by another factor of 3–5.
Association Between the SVS/AAVS Anatomical Severity Grading Score and Operative Outcomes in Fenestrated Endovascular Repair of Juxtarenal Aortic Aneurysm (2013)

The ASG score is associated with operative adverse events, intraoperative adjunctive maneuvers, radiation exposure, and postoperative complications in patients treated with f-EVAR for juxtarenal aortic aneurysm.
Improved Antenna Effect of Terbium(III)-Cored Dendrimer Complex and Green-Luminescent Hydrogel by Radical Copolymerization (2004)

This study explored practical applications of the unique green fluorescence of terbium(III)-cored poly(benzyl ether) dendrimer complexes for luminescence polymeric materials. At first, to maximize the fluorescence ability, we examined the influence of the isomerism in the dendron skeleton, both at the focal point and the hyperbranch repeating unit. Next, a 4-vinylphenyl group was successfully introduced at the terminal of the dendron subunit for radical polymerization. A 3,4-dioxybenzoate moiety for the focal point of the dendron gave stronger fluorescence than the usual 3,5-isomer; however, the authentic 3,5-dioxybenzyl ether moiety appeared the best hyperbranch repeating unit for the fluorescence ability. The terminal vinyl groups enabled the copolymerization of the terbium(III)-cored dendrimer complex with N-isopropylacrylamide, resulting in a green-fluorescent, clear hydrogel. The hydrogel showed a gel phase transition at 33−35 °C to exhibit temperature-induced switching in the opacity.
Focus on Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Honoring Dr. Richard M. Caprioli, Recipient of the 2014 ASMS Award for a Distinguished Contribution in Mass Spectrometry (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEResearch ArticleNEXTFocus on Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Honoring Dr. Richard M. Caprioli, Recipient of the 2014 ASMS Award for a Distinguished Contribution in Mass SpectrometryJeremy L. NorrisJeremy L. NorrisMass Spectrometry Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USAMore by Jeremy L. Norris and Veronica M. BierbaumVeronica M. BierbaumDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USAMore by Veronica M. BierbaumCite this: J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2015, 26, 6, 847–849Publication Date (Web):April 17, 2015Publication History Published online17 April 2015Published inissue 1 June 2015https://doi.org/10.1007/s13361-015-1138-6Copyright © 2015 © American Society for Mass Spectrometry 2015RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views37Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts