gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[C‐11]N‐methylhomoepibatidine: radiolabelling and biodistribution studies in mice (2000)

The radiochemical synthesis of [C-11]N-methylhomoepibatidine (2) was accomplished by reacting homoepibatidine (1) and [C-11]iodomethane. The radiochemical yield was in the range of 5 to 10% related to [C-11]iodomethane. A high specific activity of 150 to 370 GBq/μmol at the end of synthesis was achieved. The partition coefficient was log P7·4=0·34. Biological evaluation was performed with the racemate in mice. High brain uptake was found. Compared to [C-11]N-methylepibatidine (4) data, which were achieved by the same experimental setup, the values of [C-11]N-methylhomoepibatidine (2) uptake in the brain were slightly lower (approximately 15%/g compared to 20%/g for [C-11]N-methylepibatidine (4)). But in contrast to the homologous [C-11]N-methylepibatidine (4) the brain uptake curve decreased after approximately 15 minutes showing reversible binding to the receptor. Pretreatment of mice with (−)-epibatidine (3) resulted in a considerably lower brain uptake while uptake in other tissues remained unchanged. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On convergence and accuracy of state-space approximations of squared exponential covariance functions (2014)

In this paper we study the accuracy and convergence of state-space approximations of Gaussian processes (GPs) with squared exponential (SE) covariance functions. This kind of approximations is important in construction of Kalman filtering and smoothing based GP regression algorithms, which have a linear (as opposed to conventional cubic) computational complexity in the number of training samples. We start by deriving general conditions for a spectral density approximation to give a uniform convergence of the mean and covariance functions. We then show that the previously proposed reciprocal Taylor series approximation gives such uniform convergence. We then derive new approximations based on Padé approximants of the exponential function as well as approximations inspired by the central limit theorem, and prove their uniform convergence. Finally, we compare accuracy of the different approximations numerically.
Defeasible Protocols in Persuasion Dialogues (2006)

Defeasible protocols lead to a more refined and accurate handling of persuasion dialogues, important in human-artificial agent communication, a step forward to effective practical argumentation support systems
Impact des acides gras trans sur le risque cardiovasculaire (2007)

Les acides gras trans presents dans notre alimentation ont deux origines, l’une naturelle (bio-hydrogenation chez les ruminants), l’autre technologique (hydrogenation des corps gras). Ces deux sources different notamment par la position de la double liaison sur la chaine carbonee des acides gras.Plusieurs etudes d’intervention ont montre clairement des effets deleteres des acides gras trans d’origine technologique (augmentation du LDL-cholesterol, diminution du HDL-cholesterol). Ces donnees sont confirmees par la plupart des etudes epidemiologiques. En revanche, de tels effets deleteres ne sont pas documentes pour les acides gras trans d’origine naturelle. Les quelques donnees epidemiologiques suggerent plutot une absence d’effet, mais cela devra etre confirme par des etudes d’intervention.
Association Between Plasma Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 and the Presence of Metabolic Syndrome in a Predominantly Rural-Based Sub-Saharan African Population (2017)

The presence of MetS was significantly associated with the PCSK9 concentration. Further studies are needed to provide a molecular connection between PCSK9 and insulin, as well as triglyceride metabolism.
A Real-Scale Model Test on Constructability of Railway Bridges with Composite Girders Converted from Temporary Girders (2003)

JR線と環状2号線の交差部工事では, 鉄道の線路に仮設部材として供用されている工事桁に補強桁を接合し, コンクリートで巻き立てて合成構造として本設利用する工法が初めて採用される。本工法を適用するにあたっては, 工事桁や補強桁 (H形鋼), 埋設型枠の治具等によってコンクリートの充てんが阻害される可能性や, 養生期間中の電車走行に伴うたわみにより主桁のH形鋼とコンクリートの一体性が阻害される可能性が懸念された。そこで, 実橋を模擬した試験体を製作して施工性の確認試験を実施し, 高流動コンクリートを使用することによってコンクリートが密実に充てん可能であること, 養生期間中列車荷重が継続して載荷された場合でもコンクリートとH形鋼は一体化されることを確認した。
Abstract 3313: iPSC-derived natural killer cells expressing EGFR-CAR against glioblastoma (2020)

Abstract Background: Natural Killer (NK) cells are a type of immune cells that belong to the innate immune system and executes a rapid immune reaction against cancer cells and viruses without prior activation. The huge success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells has motivated scientists to genetically modify human NK cells with CARs to further improve their tumor killing capacity. To engineer NK cells with a CAR, NK cells can be isolated from peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood. NK cells can also be derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to produce a homogenous and standardized group of NK cells for the treatment of cancer. Here, we test the feasibility to engineer our EGFR-CAR construct into iPSC-derived hematopoietic stem cells (iPSC-HSC) to generate EGFR-CAR NK cells that will eradicate glioblastoma (GBM). Material and Methods: iPSCs-derived HSCs were differentiated into NK cells using co-culture with a feeder stroma of OP9-DL1 cells in the presence of human cytokines and NK cells were assessed by flow cytometry. Expanded NK cells (with K562 feeder cells expressing mb-IL-21 and 4-1BB) and HSCs from peripheral blood were efficiently transduced with a retroviral vector, carrying a CAR targeting EGFR. CAR expression was assessed by flow cytometry. After transduction, the CAR-NK cells were collected for cytotoxicity assay to test their efficacy. CAR-HSCs were differentiated into CAR-NK cells utilizing OP9-DL1 stroma cells. Results: Our results demonstrated that iPSCs can be fully differentiated into NK cells expressing typical NK cell surface markers including CD56, NKp46, CD16 and NKG2A, etc. In addition, HSCs can be engineered with EGFR-CAR without affecting their differentiation into CAR-NK cells. Our engineered EGFR-CAR NK cells showed an enhanced antitumor activity against GBM compared to NK cells without the EGFR-CAR. Conclusion: Collectively, our study suggests the feasibility of engineering CAR-EGFR NK cells from iPSCs for effective “off the shelf” immunotherapy. Our approach can be utilized to generate an unlimited number of CAR-NK cells to treat patients with cancer such as GBM in the clinical setting. Citation Format: Melissa Yu, Anthony G. Mansour, Kun-Yu Teng, Guoqiang Sun, Yanhong Shi, Michael A. Caligiuri. iPSC-derived natural killer cells expressing EGFR-CAR against glioblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 3313.
The Composition and Plant Origins of Propolis: A Report of Work at Oxford (1990)

(1990). The Composition and Plant Origins of Propolis: A Report of Work at Oxford. Bee World: Vol. 71, No. 3, pp. 107-118.
Production and properties of Mo-41%Re for AMTEC cell construction (2002)

Arc melted Mo-41%Re has been produced at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory using a manufacturing process that is similar to that used for the production of iridium alloys for the encapsulation of plutonium oxide in the General Purpose Heat Source. This particular alloy of molybdenum and rhenium was selected because it would have about the lowest thermal conductivity while avoiding a composition where processing and use could lead to precipitation of undesirable phases. The Mo-41%Re was rolled into plate and sheet products which were used for characterization and to supply material for research and development relevant to alkali metal thermal to electric conversion (AMTEC) cells. Initial attempts indicated that the arc melted Mo-41%Re is fabricable in similar shapes and geometries required for the AMTEC cell. In addition, it was demonstrated that arc melted Mo-41%Re can be electron beam welded without the porosity normally observed in welded powder metallurgy products. Preliminary assessments of the properties of Mo-41%Re were made to provide recommended data for design purposes. In some cases, the only available data were obtained on powder metallurgy or wrought material or on material with different percentages of rhenium. Experimental data indicate that the electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity of Mo-41%Re are about the same as those of Nb-1Zr, which was the refractory alloy initially considered for this application. The ultimate and yield strengths are substantially greater than those of Nb-1Zr. The oxidation resistance of Mo-41%Re is much better than that of Nb-1Zr for two reasons. Firstly, the oxidation rate is slower for the Mo-41%Re and, secondly, oxidation that does occur is limited to a surface effect and does not reduce the strength and ductility as is observed with Nb-1Zr. Oxidation of Mo-41%Re does cause thinning, and preliminary values of the thinning rates at 800 and 900 °C in a rather high partial pressure of oxygen are provided. This factor needs to be considered in planning production, storage, and ground testing.
Development of a powered mobile module for the ArmAssist home-based telerehabilitation platform (2013)

The ArmAssist, developed by Tecnalia, is a system for at-home telerehabilitation of post-stroke arm impairments. It consists of a wireless mobile base module, a global position and orientation detection mat, a PC with display monitor, and a tele-rehabilitation software platform. This paper presents the recent development results on the mobile module augmenting its functionality by adding actuation components. Three DC servo motors were employed to drive the mobile module and a position control algorithm based on the kinematic model and velocity mode control was implemented such that the module tracks a path defined in the training software. Pilot tests of the powered mobile module were performed in experiments with different load conditions and two unimpaired subjects. Both test results show that the module is able to follow the predefined path within an acceptable error range for reach movement training. Further study and testing of the system in realistic conditions following stroke will be a future topic of research.
Image quality enhancement in variable-refresh-rate AMOLED displays using a variable initial voltage compensation scheme (2022)

In active matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED) displays, when a variable refresh rate is applied and the frame rate changes, the image's color and luminance quality in AMOLED displays deteriorates. The frequency-dependent cognitive differences were experimentally demonstrated by using 6.76″ AMOLED displays. This phenomenon is dependent on the emission time and the data programming time on the frame rate. This degradation of the image quality during the frequency switch could be prevented by applying a variable initial voltage (V<sub>INI</sub>) to the OLED anode. For a frequency change between 60 and 120 Hz, the measured just noticeable color difference (JNCD) decreased from 7.50 to less than 1.00 in luminance, and from 2.34 to 0.02 in color. As our approach can prevent image quality distortion by utilizing an existing compensation pixel structure without additional compensation steps, it will be a promising technique for improving the picture quality in AMOLED displays.
Advances in End-Stage Renal Diseases 2003 (2003)

As the fourth volume in this series (published annually on the occasion of the International Conference on Dialysis organized by the Renal Research Institute, New York) this book remains faithful to the concept of its predecessors: It covers not only current technological and therapeutic issues in the field of end-stage renal diseases, but also cli
AUSN solder vacuum packaging using melted solder floodgates and laser-activated non-evaporable getters for SIC diaphragm anticorrosive vacuum sensors (2010)

Versatile wafer-level vacuum packaging technology using screen-printed AuSn eutectic solder was developed and applied to a SiC diaphragm anticorrosive vacuum sensor. Thin film Ti/SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ¿floodgates¿ were used to prevent melted AuSn solder from flowing into microstructures, e.g. capacitive gaps. After vacuum packaging, a non-evaporable getter (NEG), which chemically absorbs residual gas, was activated by Nd:YAG laser. In comparison to other wafer-level vacuum packaging technologies, the developed one establishes electrical connections and feedthroughs simultaneously, and is tolerant to surface roughness, surface contamination and wafer waviness.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Effect of Niclosamide on Basal-like Breast Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 59KB, Supplementary Figure S5. In vivo toxicity study. Athymic nude mice were treated with niclosamide (20 mg/kg), TRA-8 (200 ng) or the combination for two weeks. Mice were weighed twice a week for two weeks.&lt;/p&gt;
A closer look at alcohol‐induced changes in the ghrelin system: novel insights from preclinical and clinical data (2021)

Ghrelin is a gastric-derived peptide hormone with demonstrated impact on alcohol intake and craving, but the reverse side of this bidirectional link, that is, the effects of alcohol on the ghrelin system, remains to be fully established. To further characterize this relationship, we examined (1) ghrelin levels via secondary analysis of human laboratory alcohol administration experiments with heavy-drinking participants; (2) expression of ghrelin, ghrelin receptor, and ghrelin-O-acyltransferase (GOAT) genes (GHRL, GHSR, and MBOAT4, respectively) in post-mortem brain tissue from individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) versus controls; (3) ghrelin levels in Ghsr knockout and wild-type rats following intraperitoneal (i.p.) alcohol administration; (4) effect of alcohol on ghrelin secretion from gastric mucosa cells ex vivo and GOAT enzymatic activity in vitro; and (5) ghrelin levels in rats following i.p. alcohol administration versus a calorically equivalent non-alcoholic sucrose solution. Acyl- and total-ghrelin levels decreased following acute alcohol administration in humans, but AUD was not associated with changes in central expression of ghrelin system genes in post-mortem tissue. In rats, alcohol decreased acyl-ghrelin, but not des-acyl-ghrelin, in both Ghsr knockout and wild-type rats. No dose-dependent effects of alcohol were observed on acyl-ghrelin secretion from gastric mucosa cells or on GOAT acylation activity. Lastly, alcohol and sucrose produced distinct effects on ghrelin in rats despite equivalent caloric value. Our findings suggest that alcohol acutely decreases peripheral ghrelin concentrations in vivo, but not in proportion to alcohol's caloric value or through direct interaction with ghrelin-secreting gastric mucosal cells, the ghrelin receptor, or the GOAT enzyme.
Chemical Constituents of Alnus sieboldiana (BETULACEAE) II. The Isolation and Structure of Flavonoids and Stilbenes (1971)

Abstract Four new flavonoids with an unsubstituted B-ring, alnusin, alnetin, alnustin, and alnustinol, isolated from Alnus sieboldiana were established to be 3,5,7-trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone (1), 5-hydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxyflavone (2), 5-hydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxyflavone (3), and 3,5,7-trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavanone (15) respectively. Some previously-known flavonoids, chrysin (4), izalpinin (5), tectochrysin (6), pinocembrin (16), pinobanksin (17), strobopinin (19) and naringenin (20), and some stilbenes, pinosylvin (24), pinosylvin monomethyl ether (25), and pinosylvin dimethyl ether (26), were identified along with the above new flavonoids.
Lack of RUNX3 regulation in human gastric cancer (2006)

It has been proposed that the transcription factor RUNX3 is the product of a gastric tumour suppressor gene. We examined RUNX3 expression in gastric biopsies from 105 patients with different histological presentations. Surprisingly, immunohistochemical staining detected RUNX3 protein expression only in infiltrating leukocytes but not in the gastric epithelium. Using laser capture microdissection and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we confirmed that the level of RUNX3 mRNA expression in the gastric epithelium was very low and was influenced neither by H. pylori infection nor by neoplastic transformation. Instead, RUNX3 was highly expressed in the gastric stroma and the level of expression correlated with the magnitude of H. pylori-induced gastric inflammation. The low level of RUNX3 expression in gastric epithelium and the absence of downregulation in gastric cancer do not support the hypothesis that RUNX3 functions as a gastric tumour suppressor gene.
6A-2 Design Modeling and Visualization of Low Transverse Modes R-SPUDT Devices (2006)

A problem when designing narrow band resonant SPUDT devices is the excitation of undesired transverse modes. These transverse modes result both in extra ripple in the passband and spurious response in the stop band. To avoid these issues, it was recently proposed by Mayer et al. [2005] to use an approach similar to the one used for BAW devices. The principle is to add a low velocity region at the edge of the transducer. If this region is adequately designed, the transducer supports a so-called "piston mode", i.e. a mode having a flat transverse amplitude across the aperture. A model of SPUDTs with transverse modes based on [Solal et al., 2004] is presented. The model is improved to account for the dependence of the velocity (and transverse modes) in the propagation direction and is used to analyze regular and piston mode devices. We investigate and compare different physical possibilities to implement the low velocity region. In particular, we found it important to design the transducer so that the acoustical sources and reflectors extend into the edge to minimize the coupling to higher order modes. From these considerations, a new implementation for piston modes devices is proposed and demonstrated on a GSM base station 199 MHz filter. Electrical measurements as well as acoustical fields measured with the optical interferometer [Knuuttila et al., 2000] are analyzed and compared to simulation
Simple Method in Diagnosing Cancer Cells by a Novel Fluorescence Probe BMVC (2005)

Different cellular accumulations with distinct fluorescence properties of BMVC in cancer cells from normal cells allow us to establish a simple and economic method for the diagnosis of cancer cells. With using a light emitting diode to excite the BMVC molecule, microarray fluorescence analysis of a cell-based glass chip provides an easy method towards the detection of a limited number of cancer cells.
A study of the knock limits of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in spark-ignition engines (2013)

A substantial increase in the use of alternative transport fuels is considered by some to be an important part of our response to climate change. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is one such fuel that shows significant potential to improve the efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions of conventional spark-ignition engines. However, there is still some uncertainty as to the best use of LPG in spark-ignition engines. This uncertainty can largely be attributed to variations in the composition of LPG, along with the susceptibility of these different mixtures to so-called ‘autoignition’. Often, this undesirable form of combustion leads to potentially damaging rates of in-cylinder pressure rise, and therefore should be avoided. This requirement places an upper limit on the efficiency of the spark-ignition engine.
 This thesis therefore aims to develop a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the autoignition of LPG mixtures under conditions relevant to spark-ignition engines. A comprehensive experimental study of the susceptibility of different LPG mixtures to autoignition is first presented. This utilises the standard ASTM Research and Motor methods for liquid fuels, which are adapted to enable the autoignition propensity of different LPGs to be quantified in terms of the so-called ‘Research and Motor octane numbers’ (RON and MON respectively). The engine experiments are then examined numerically using a multi-zone combustion model that incorporates detailed chemical kinetics. This model is calibrated and validated using empirical data, and is used to investigate the key kinetic pathways leading to the autoignition of different LPG mixtures.
 The work presented in this thesis first demonstrates that the linear blending of octane numbers appears to be reasonable for most LPGs. It is also shown that almost all LPGs have higher RONs than both standard and premium gasolines. Importantly, imposition of the existing MON and vapour pressure requirements specified in the Australian LPG fuel standard further increases this advantage over all gasolines. This suggests that the existing fuel standards unnecessarily restrict the composition of commercial LPGs, given the widespread use of LPG in retro-fitted gasoline vehicles at present.
 The modelling results indicate that an accurate model of LPG autoignition in a spark-ignition engine needs to include several key phenomena. In particular, careful modelling of the in-cylinder heat transfer and residual nitric oxide concentration should be performed, in addition to the flame propagation modelling and autoignition chemistry. When these key phenomena are included in the model, the autoignition of most LPG mixtures could be modelled to within 1.0 crank angle degree (0.28 ms) of experiment.
Ghrelin octanoylation by ghrelin O -acyltransferase: protein acylation impacting metabolic and neuroendocrine signalling (2021)

The acylated peptide hormone ghrelin impacts a wide range of physiological processes but is most well known for controlling hunger and metabolic regulation. Ghrelin requires a unique posttranslational modification, serine octanoylation, to bind and activate signalling through its cognate GHS-R1a receptor. Ghrelin acylation is catalysed by ghrelin <i>O</i>-acyltransferase (GOAT), a member of the membrane-bound <i>O</i>-acyltransferase (MBOAT) enzyme family. The ghrelin/GOAT/GHS-R1a system is defined by multiple unique aspects within both protein biochemistry and endocrinology. Ghrelin serves as the only substrate for GOAT within the human proteome and, among the multiple hormones involved in energy homeostasis and metabolism such as insulin and leptin, acts as the only known hormone in circulation that directly stimulates appetite and hunger signalling. Advances in GOAT enzymology, structural modelling and inhibitor development have revolutionized our understanding of this enzyme and offered new tools for investigating ghrelin signalling at the molecular and organismal levels. In this review, we briefly summarize the current state of knowledge regarding ghrelin signalling and ghrelin/GOAT enzymology, discuss the GOAT structural model in the context of recently reported MBOAT enzyme superfamily member structures, and highlight the growing complement of GOAT inhibitors that offer options for both ghrelin signalling studies and therapeutic applications.
Asynchronous interference suppression in broadband cyclic-prefix communications (2004)

This paper explores asynchronous interference suppression in cyclic prefix communication systems such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). An asynchronous interferer is defined as a signal whose cyclic prefix does not line up in time with the desired signal's cyclic prefix. First, this paper presents an analysis of frequency-domain approaches to show that traditional circular-convolution based approaches cannot perfectly suppress the asynchronous interferer unless the number of receive elements is greater than the number of spatially distinct multipath rays. Second, this paper exploits the cyclic redundancy to design semi-blind space-time weights that are very effective at combating both synchronous and asynchronous interference. Simulation results demonstrate that frequency-domain weights have difficulty in suppressing asynchronous interference and also show the effectiveness of the proposed semi-blind suppression technique.