gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interest in Immunosuppression Withdrawal among Liver Transplant and Autoimmune Hepatitis Patients (2021)

Immunosuppression withdrawal (ISW) is considered in liver transplant recipients (LTRs) and autoimmune hepatitis patients (AIHPs). Immunosuppressive therapy (IST) can be burdensome both financially and due to its side effect profile, making ISW an important intervention to consider. Data on patient interest in ISW would be helpful to providers in ISW decision-making. We conducted independent single-center surveys of LTR and AIHP attitudes on IST and withdrawal interest. Of 325 LTRs screened, 120 completed the survey (50% female, mean age 58 ± 14 years, mean time since transplant 8 ± 10.5 years and 79.5% Caucasian). Of 100 AIHPs screened, 45 completed the survey (77.8% female, mean age 54 ± 2 and 82.2% Caucasian). A higher percentage of AIHPs expressed concern with their IST and were interested in ISW compared with LTRs. However, over a third of LTRs were interested in ISW, particularly those with knowledge of this potential intervention. LTRs who discussed ISW with a physician were more likely to desire withdrawal (p = 0.02; OR = 2.781 (95% CI = 1.125, 6.872)). As patient interest in ISW is of growing interest, investigators should continue to assess patient-reported desires and outcomes and pursue strategies to achieve immunological tolerance.
지각된 모의 심리적 통제가 성인의 강박성향에 미치는 영향: 거부민감성, 자기비난의 순차적 매개효과 (2019)

본 연구에서는 모의 심리적 통제와 강박성향 간의 관계에서 거부민감성과 자기비난의 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 자료 수집을 위해 모의 심리적 통제 척도, 강박성향 척도, 거부민감성 척도 및 우울 경험 질문지의 자기비난 하위 척도로 구성된 설문을 성인들을 대상으로 실시하였고, 총 307부의 자료가 최종 분석에 사용되었다. 온라인 패널 사이트를 통해 수집된 자료를 바탕으로 주요 변인들 간의 관련성을 살펴보기 위해 상관관계 분석을 실시하였고, 거부민감성과 자기비난이 모의 심리적 통제와 강박성향 간 관계에서의 매개 하는지 알아보기 위하여 매개 모형을 검증하였다. 각 변인에 대한 매개모형을 검증해 본 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 모의 심리적 통제와 강박성향간의 관계에서 자기비난의 완전매개효과가 나타났으며, 둘째, 모의 심리적 통제와 강박성향간의 관계에서 거부민감성과 자기비난의 순차적 매개효과가 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과들을 토대로 강박성향의 완화를 위한 거부민감성 및 자기비난 관련 시사점에 대해 논의하고, 후속연구에 대한 방향을 제안하였다.
Two-Dimensional FIR Filters (2001)

FIR Filters Optimal in L p Norm • Iterative Method for Approximate Minimax Design 91.4 Special Design Procedure for Restricted Classes Separable 2-D FIR Filter Design • Frequency Transformation Method • Design Using Nonrectangular Transformations and Sampling Rate Conversions 91.5 2-D FIR Filter Implementation 91.6 Multi-Dimensional Filter Banks and Wavelets 1 2,
Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Stabilization of Nickel and Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles: A Green Adeptness (2016)

Green protocols for the synthesis of nanoparticles have been attracting a lot of attention because they are eco-friendly, rapid, and cost-effective. Nickel and nickel oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized by green routes and characterized for impact of green chemistry on the properties and biological effects of nanoparticles in the last five years. Green synthesis, properties, and applications of nickel and nickel oxide nanoparticles have been reported in the literature. This review summarizes the synthesis of nickel and nickel oxide nanoparticles using different biological systems. This review also provides comparative overview of influence of chemical synthesis and green synthesis on structural properties of nickel and nickel oxide nanoparticles and their biological behavior. It concludes that green methods for synthesis of nickel and nickel oxide nanoparticles are better than chemical synthetic methods.
CST6 protein and peptides inhibit breast cancer bone metastasis by suppressing CTSB activity and osteoclastogenesis (2021)

<b>Background:</b> Bone metastasis is a frequent symptom of breast cancer and current targeted therapy has limited efficacy. Osteoclasts play critical roles to drive osteolysis and metastatic outgrowth of tumor cells in bone. Previously we identified CST6 as a secretory protein significantly downregulated in bone-metastatic breast cancer cells. Functional analysis showed that CST6 suppresses breast-to-bone metastasis in animal models. However, the functional mechanism and therapeutic potential of CST6 in bone metastasis is unknown. <b>Methods:</b> Using <i>in vitro</i> osteoclastogenesis and <i>in vivo</i> metastasis assays, we studied the effect and mechanism of extracellular CST6 protein in suppressing osteoclastic niches and bone metastasis of breast cancer. A number of peptides containing the functional domain of CST6 were screened to inhibit bone metastasis. The efficacy, stability and toxicity of CST6 recombinant protein and peptides were evaluated in preclinical metastasis models. <b>Results:</b> We show here that CST6 inhibits osteolytic bone metastasis by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis. Cancer cell-derived CST6 enters osteoclasts by endocytosis and suppresses the cysteine protease CTSB, leading to up-regulation of the CTSB hydrolytic substrate SPHK1. SPHK1 suppresses osteoclast maturation by inhibiting the RANKL-induced p38 activation. Importantly, recombinant CST6 protein effectively suppresses bone metastasis <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. We further identified several peptides mimicking the function of CST6 to suppress cancer cell-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone metastasis. Pre-clinical analyses of CTS6 recombinant protein and peptides demonstrated their potentials in treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis. <b>Conclusion:</b> These findings reveal the CST6-CTSB-SPHK1 signaling axis in osteoclast differentiation and provide a promising approach to treat bone diseases with CST6-based peptides.
Manifold Regularization for Adversarial Robustness (2020)

Manifold regularization is a technique that penalizes the complexity of learned functions over the intrinsic geometry of input data. We develop a connection to learning functions which are locally stable, and propose new regularization terms for training deep neural networks that are stable against a class of local perturbations. These regularizers enable us to train a network to state-of-the-art robust accuracy of 70% on CIFAR-10 against a PGD adversary using $\ell_\infty$ perturbations of size $\epsilon = 8/255$. Furthermore, our techniques do not rely on the construction of any adversarial examples, thus running orders of magnitude faster than standard algorithms for adversarial training.
Statistical mechanics with three-dimensional particle tracking velocimetry experiments in the study of anomalous dispersion. II. Experiments (2001)

In paper I [Phys. Fluids 13, 75 (2001)] we provided a theory for simulating anomalous dispersion which relied on the self-part of the intermediate scattering function. Here we obtain Lagrangian trajectories for a conservative tracer in a porous medium and then use these trajectories to obtain the self-part of the intermediate scattering function. We then use the scattering function as data for the inverse problem and obtain the generalized wave-vector and frequency dependent dispersion tensor developed in paper I. The transverse components of this tensor are then examined as a function of wave vector to see if or when the dispersive process goes asymptotic (Fickian). The matched index (of refraction) technique has been used to obtain a transparent porous medium and three dimensional particle tracking has been used to obtain the trajectories. Over the life of the experiment the transverse dispersive process remained anomalous, though it was gradually approaching the Fickian limit.
Electron Microscopy of Annealed (Ni,Zn,Co)Fe 2 O 4 (1983)

( Ni,Zn)Fe 2 O 4 samples containing small amounts of Co were characterized in a transmission electron microscope to ascertain the micro structural changes accompanying low‐temperature oxidation of the samples. Although no new features resulting from oxidation were observed, prominent surjace reduction occurred in the thin foil specimens. Formation and growth of Ni particles on the ferrite surface are explained using the heats of formation of the oxides. 2
Lubricant-Supplying Properties and Durability of Oil-Impregnated Polymers (2000)

Presented as a Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers paper at the ASME/STLE Tribology Conference in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, October 26–28, 1998
Shapability, memory, and luminal changes in microcatheters after steam shaping: a comparison of 11 different microcatheters. (2006)

There are differences in shapabilty, durability, and luminal changes of steam shaping in 12 brands of microcatheters. These characteristics could be important factors in catheter choice for endovascular procedures.
Analyses of Diamond Disk Substrate Wear and Diamond Microwear in Copper Chemical Mechanical Planarization Process (2010)

Diamond disk substrate wear and diamond microwear in the copper chemical mechanical planarization process were investigated in this study. Three types of disks (D1, D2, and D3) made by three different manufacturers were analyzed. For each type of disk, 24 h static etch tests were performed with Fujimi PL-7103 and Cabot Microelectronics Corporation iCue 600Y75 slurries at 25 and . Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that there was no appreciable microwear on the diamond after the static etch tests for all three types of disks. Disks D1 and D3 showed no appreciable corrosion on the diamond disk substrate for both slurries at both temperatures. In comparison, disk D2 showed apparent surface corrosion using the Fujimi PL-7103 slurry at 25 and and the Cabot Microelectronics Corporation iCue 600Y75 slurry at . Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICPMS) analysis was performed before and after the static etch tests to investigate metal concentration increases in the slurry due to diamond disk substrate corrosion. The ICPMS analysis was consistent with the SEM images, showing a significant Ni concentration increase in the slurry for disk D2 with the Fujimi PL-7103 slurry at 25 and and the Cabot Microelectronics Corporation iCue 600Y75 slurry at . In addition to the above static etch tests, 24 h wear tests were performed on each type of diamond disks with Fujimi PL-7103 and Cabot Microelectronics Corporation iCue 600Y75 slurries at two different platen temperatures (25 and ). SEM analysis was performed on selected aggressive and inactive diamonds as well as on the surrounding disk substrate before and after the wear tests. SEM images showed that there was microwear on the cutting edges of the aggressive diamonds for disks D1 and D3 with both slurries at 25 and . For disk D2, there was microwear on the cutting edges of the aggressive diamond with the Fujimi PL-7103 slurry at and with the Cabot Microelectronics Corporation iCue 600Y75 slurry at 25 and , and the aggressive diamond broke off from the disk substrate with the Fujimi PL-7103 slurry at . The SEM images also showed that there was no microwear on the inactive diamond for all three types of disks with both slurries at 25 and , confirming that the inactive diamonds did not participate in regenerating pad asperities during conditioning. The pad thickness profile was measured after the wear tests, and the effect of platen temperature on pad wear rate was investigated.
Couple relationships in the context of heroin use (2019)

Background: Recent prevalence studies of opiate users within England estimate there to be over 250,000. Opiate users make up 53% of people in drug treatment services. Although retention in treatment improves treatment outcomes, dropout rates remain high. Intimate relationships may be an influential factor in opiate users’ treatment and recovery, however limited research has been conducted to understand the experiences of opiate using couples (relationships where both members use opiates). This project sought to examine how these relationships are experienced and how they may influence individuals’ attempts to reduce opiate use. Design: This portfolio reports a meta-ethnographic approach to the synthesis of the qualitative literature on the relationship experiences of opiate using couples; and an empirical study exploring the lived experience of individuals in treatment for opiate use whilst their opiate using partner is not in treatment. This study adopted an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis method. Results: The systematic review synthesised findings from 27 studies, developing six high order themes; centrality of opiate use to the relationship, stabilising and destabilising features of the relationship, relationship and addiction reinforcers, negotiating treatment, and gendered power dynamics. The empirical paper produced themes of how opiate users in treatment rationalise but also re-evaluate their relationship, whilst conceptualising their recovery and experiencing a disruption to their sense of identity. Conclusion: The systematic review suggests that opiate use plays a complex and reciprocal role within couple relationships, and also demonstrates how individuals may negotiate treatment and recovery from within opiate using relationships. The empirical paper posits that individuals in treatment for opiate use undergo a number of challenges in optimising their treatment experience, and illuminate the dilemmas faced by individuals when remaining in their relationship whilst simultaneously reducing their opiate use.
Automatic identification of the left ventricle in cardiac cine‐MR images: Dual‐contrast cluster analysis and scout‐geometry approaches (2006)

The SG method requires no additional scan, is robust and accurate, and performs better than the DC method for automatic identification of the LV.
Comparison of the Digene HC2 Assay and the Roche AMPLICOR Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Test for Detection of High-Risk HPV Genotypes in Cervical Samples (2006)

Many different methods with different sensitivity and specificity have been proposed to detect the presence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV) in cervical samples. The HC2 is one of the most widely used. Recently, a new standardized PCR-based method, the AMPLICOR HPV test, has been introduced. Both assays recognize the same 13 HR HPV genotypes. The performances of these two commercially available assays were compared in 167 consecutive women (for a total of 168 samples) who presented at the Colposcopy Clinic either for a follow-up or for a diagnostic visit. Concordant results were found in 140/168 cervical samples (overall agreement, 83%; Cohen's kappa = 0.63). Twenty-eight samples gave discordant results: 20 were positive with the AMPLICOR HPV test and negative with the HC2 assay, and 8 were negative with the AMPLICOR HPV test and positive with the HC2 assay. The genotyping showed that no HR HPV was detected in the 8 HC2 assay-positive AMPLICOR HPV test-negative samples, while in 8/20 AMPLICOR HPV test-positive HC2 assay-negative samples, an HR HPV genotype was found. The AMPLICOR HPV test scored positive in a significantly higher percentage of subjects with normal Pap smears. All 7 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 patients scored positive with the AMPLICOR HPV test, while 2 of them scored negative with HC2. Both tests had positive results in the only patient with squamous cell carcinoma. In conclusion, this study shows that the HC2 assay and the AMPLICOR HPV test give comparable results, with both being suitable for routine use. The differences noted in some cases may suggest a different optimal clinical use.
Regulation of sclerostin in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) in mice and humans (2019)

Glucocorticoids (GC) are used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including various forms of arthritis. However, their use is limited, amongst others, by adverse effects on bone. The Wnt and bone formation inhibitor sclerostin was recently implicated in the pathogenesis of GC-induced osteoporosis. However, data are ambiguous. The aim of this study was to assess the regulation of sclerostin by GC using several mouse models with high GC levels and two independent cohorts of patients treated with GC. Male 24-week-old C57BL/6 and 18-week-old DBA/1 mice exposed to GC and 12-week-old mice with endogenous hypercortisolism displayed reduced bone formation as indicated by reduced levels of P1NP and increased serum sclerostin levels. The expression of sclerostin in femoral bone tissue and GC-treated bone marrow stromal cells, however, was not consistently altered. In contrast, GC dose- and time-dependently suppressed sclerostin at mRNA and protein levels in human mesenchymal stromal cells, and this effect was GC receptor dependent. In line with the human cell culture data, patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA, n = 101) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR, n = 21) who were exposed to GC had lower serum levels of sclerostin than healthy age- and sex-matched controls (-40%, P < 0.01 and -26.5%, P < 0.001, respectively). In summary, sclerostin appears to be differentially regulated by GC in mice and humans as it is suppressed by GCs in humans but is not consistently altered in mice. Further studies are required to delineate the differences between GC regulation of sclerostin in mice and humans and assess whether sclerostin mediates GC-induced osteoporosis in humans.
Genotyping analysis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae clinical strains in Japan between 1995 and 2005: type shift phenomenon of M. pneumoniae clinical strains (2008)

Mycoplasma pneumoniae clinical isolates obtained between 1995 and 2005 were examined to determine the prevalent genotype. One hundred and twenty-seven strains isolated from bronchitis and pneumonia patients were genotyped by a PCR-RFLP method based on nucleotide sequence polymorphisms of the p1 gene, which encodes the major adhesin protein. The typing results established that 66 of the isolates were group I strains, 45 were group II strains and 16 were group II variants. Analysis of the annual occurrence of these isolates showed a predominance of group II strains between 1995 and 2001 (n=37). No group I strain was found during this period. However, group I strains appeared in the isolates from 2002 (2/5 isolates, 40 %) and increased in specimens taken after 2003, thereby constituting a large proportion of the isolates. In 2004 and 2005, no group II strains were found among the isolates (n=49), although there were nine group II variants. Throat swabs and sputum samples obtained from patients with respiratory infections between 1997 and 2005 were also analysed by PCR-RFLP or a new nested PCR to detect the p1 gene DNA. Typing analysis of these p1 gene DNAs also showed that the group I p1 gene was not present in specimens taken before 2000, but was present and dominant in specimens taken after 2001. These results indicate that, in Japan, the prevalent type of M. pneumoniae changed from a group II strain to a group I strain around 2002.
Identification of Primary Transcriptional Regulation of Cell Cycle-Regulated Genes upon DNA Damage (2007)

The changes in global gene expression in response to DNA damage may derive from either direct induction or repression by transcriptional regulation or indirectly by synchronization of cells to specific cell cycle phases, such as G1 or G2. We developed a model that successfully estimated the expression levels of >400 cell cycle-regulated genes in normal human fibroblasts based on the proportions of cells in each phase of the cell cycle. By isolating effects on the gene expression associated with the cell cycle phase redistribution after genotoxin treatment, the direct transcriptional target genes were distinguished from genes for which expression changed secondary to cell synchronization. Application of this model to ionizing radiation (IR)-treated normal human fibroblasts identified 150 of 406 cycle-regulated genes as putative direct transcriptional targets of IR-induced DNA damage. Changes in expression of these genes after IR treatment derived from both direct transcriptional regulation and cell cycle synchronization.
Safe fetal platelet genotyping: new developments (2012)

Two fetal PLT genotyping assays on maternal blood samples proved to be reliable as of 15 weeks of gestation, thereby avoiding invasive techniques such as amniocentesis.
Editorial Note for Cardiovascular Pharmacology: Open Access (2020)

The New Year promises many exciting developments for Cardiovascular Pharmacology: Open Access (CPO). I am pleased to introduce Cardiovascular Pharmacology: Open Access a rapid peer reviewed Journal which provides a unique forum dedicated to scientists who can express their research on a wide array of Cardiovascular Pharmacology topics. I am pleased to announce that, all issues of volume 8 were published online well within the time and the print issues were also brought out and dispatched within 30 days of publishing the issue online during the year of 2019.
Micro-Abrasive Blasting—A Novel Approach to Local Silicon and Mold Compound Material Removal (2013)

Abstract Post silicon validation techniques on Integrated Circuits (IC) specifically FIB circuit editing require backside sample preparation done by local mold compound and silicon machining. Conventional methods such as Computer Numerically Controlled (CNC) machining and chemical etching preparation platforms are commonly used. This paper will investigate a simple alternative approach to local sample preparation by using micro-abrasive blasting. This approach will display its simple natured set-up along with extremely quick process duration.
Odorant Receptor from the Southern House Mosquito Narrowly Tuned to the Oviposition Attractant Skatole (2010)

Oviposition attractants are environmental cues that allow Culex gravid female mosquitoes to locate suitable sites for egg-laying and, therefore, may be exploited for environmentally friendly strategies for controlling mosquito populations. Naturally occurring skatole has been identified as an oviposition attractant for the Southern House mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus. Previously, we identified in Cx. quinquefasciatus female antennae an olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) highly sensitive to skatole and an odorant-binding protein involved in the detection of this semiochemical. Here, we describe the characterization of an odorant receptor (OR), CquiOR10, which is narrowly tuned to skatole when expressed in the Xenopus oocyte system. Odorant-induced response profiles generated by heterologously expressed CquiOR10 suggest that this OR is expressed in the mosquito ORN sensitive to skatole. However, geranylacetone, which stimulates the antennal ORN, was not detected by CquiOR10-expressing oocytes, thus raising interesting questions about reception of oviposition attractants in mosquitoes.
Spray Sonocrystallization (2015)

A spray sonocrystallization (SSC) method is described here for the crystallization of pharmaceutical agents that provides for a tunable crystal size and narrow size distribution in the submicron regime. SSC uses a tapped, flow-through ultrasonic horn (20 kHz) to spray very fine droplets of the solute-containing solution into a continuous flow of antisolvent which induces immediate crystallization with extremely effective mixing. The analgesic 2-carboxyphenyl salicylate (CPS, salsalate) was explored as a test case. The diameter of sonocrystallized CPS could be controlled systematically over the range from 75 to 175 nm. The addition of low concentrations of polyvinylpyrrolidone or sodium dodecyl sulfate to the antisolvent maintained dispersion of the particles without significantly changing particle size or distribution.
Performance and Stability of Lead Perovskite/TiO2, Polymer/PCBM, and Dye Sensitized Solar Cells at Light Intensities up to 70 Suns (2014)

Three organic or hybrid photovoltaic technologies are compared with respect to performance and stability under the harsh regime of concentrated light. Although all three technologies show surprisingly high (and linear) photocurrents, and better than expected stability, no golden apples are awarded.