gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-yield preparation of purified Anaplasma marginale from infected bovine red blood cells (1985)

Purification of Anaplasma marginale from infected bovine RBC was achieved through enzyme treatment and density-gradient centrifugation. A relative yield of 41.6% was obtained by dividing the number of organisms in the final purified preparation by the number of A marginale-infected RBC. Purified parasites were verified as A marginale by light microscopy, electron microscopy, and immunologic tests. The purified parasites reacted positively with calf and rabbit anti-A marginale sera in interfacial and slide agglutination tests. Anti-bovine RBC serum did not agglutinate purified A marginale, indicating absence of any contaminating RBC stroma. Anaplasma marginale was antigenic, but did not cause infection when the preparation was inoculated into a susceptible calf. The density of A marginale was determined to be 1.19 g/ml and cell diameters ranged from 0.25 to 0.63 micron. This method provided procedures for obtaining A marginale free of bovine RBC antigens for accurate biochemical assays and vaccine production.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Cross-talk between YAP and RAR-RXR Drives Expression of Stemness Genes to Promote 5-FU Resistance and Self-Renewal in Colorectal Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S2 shows the co-occupancy by RXRalpha, RARalpha/gamma and YAP of ALDH1A3 and LGR5 proximal RAREs in control HT29 cells&lt;/p&gt;
Performance of the FPA-7000AS7 1.35 NA immersion exposure system for 45-nm mass production (2008)

Canon has developed an immersion exposure tool, the FPA-7000AS7 (AS7), with the industry's highest NA of 1.35. This paper reports on its performance. The AS7's projection lens achieves ultra-low aberration with total RMS of less than 5 m&lambda; and flare of less than 0.5%. The resolution capability is 37 nm with k1 = 0.259, and DOF of 0.8 &mu;m was obtained owing to the ultra-low aberration and low flare. Regarding focus performance, a 3&sigma; value of 19.3 nm for Lstage and 16.1nm for R-stage were attained in a whole area. The result of CD uniformity of 1.91nm (3&#963;) was obtained across the wafer with a total of 4032 measurement points. Distortion was 3.9 nm at the worst value. On the other hand the most critical issue of immersion is defects, so the nozzle, lens and stage must be cleaned to reduce defects. The result of defect evaluation of the AS7 was an average of 0.042 defect/cm<sup>2</sup> from 25 wafers in a lot and average 0.046 defect count/cm<sup>2</sup> from long-term defect evaluation for two months. From these results, we are confident that the AS7 is capable of 45-nm node device production.
Efficient image stabilization and automatic target detection in aerial FLIR sequences (2006)

This paper presents a system which automatically detects moving targets contained in aerial sequences of FLIR images under heavy cluttered conditions. In these situations, the detection of moving targets is generally carried out through the implementation of segmentation and tracking techniques based on the images correlation maintained by the static camera hypothesis. However, detection procedures cannot rely on this correlation when the camera is airborne and, therefore, image stabilization techniques are usually introduced previously to the detection process. Nevertheless, the use of stabilization algorithms has been often applied to terrestrial sequences and assuming a high computational cost. To overcome these limitations, we propose an innovative and efficient strategy, with a block-based estimation and an affine transformation, operating on a multi-resolution approach for recovering from the ego-motion. Next, once the images have been compensated on the highest resolution image and refined to avoid distortions produced in the sampling process, a dynamic differences-based segmentation followed by a morphological filtering strategy is applied. The novelty of our strategy relies on the relaxation of the pre-assumed hypothesis and, hence, on the enhancement of its applicability, and also by further reducing its computational cost, thanks to the application of a multi-resolution algorithm. The experiments performed have obtained excellent results and, although the complexity of the system arises, the application of the multi-resolution approach has proved to dramatically reduce the global computational cost.
Recirculatory and Compartmental Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Alfentanil in Pigs (1999)

Cardiac output markedly influences the pharmacokinetics of alfentanil in pigs. Therefore, accounting for CO enhances the predictive value of pharmacokinetic models of alfentanil.
Supplementary Table 4 from Next-Generation Sequencing of Translocation Renal Cell Carcinoma Reveals Novel RNA Splicing Partners and Frequent Mutations of Chromatin-Remodeling Genes (2023)

&lt;p&gt;XLSX file - 172K, List of genes that have been reported previously to be involved in translocations.&lt;/p&gt;
Dynamic ease evaluation for 3D garment design (2018)

Purpose 3D garment design technology is developing rapidly thereby creating a need for different approaches to developing the patterns. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the 3D dynamic ease distribution for a 3D garment design. Design/methodology/approach Standard garments were created from Size 2 to Size 14 for ten human subjects. Landmarks location on both human body and the standard garment under dynamic postures are recorded, and he fit and comfort evaluation of the standard garment were collected from the ten human subjects. Finally, these data were used to evaluate the 3D dynamic ease distribution for a 3D garment design. Findings 3D dynamic ease evaluation is challenging and the findings showed that the upper-arm design is a core element of the whole 3D garment design. The upper arm is not only a connecting part for both front and back pieces of the garment, but is also the main active part of the body, so it is the essential element to affect the comfort and fit of the garment under dynamic postures. Originality/value This research provides a novel 3D ease evaluation by analyzing the landmarks location of both human body and standard garment, and fit and comfort evaluation of the standard garment, which are all carried under dynamic postures.
Synthesis of 5-Oxoindolizine Derivatives. II: Reaction of Ethyl Pyrrolidin-2-ylideneacetate (an Enamine Ester) with Acyclic a,b-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds (1983)

s c u s s e d .
Apoptotic effect of cordycepin combined with cisplatin and/or paclitaxel on MA-10 mouse Leydig tumor cells (2015)

Cordycepin plus cisplatin and/or paclitaxel can have an additive effect on apoptosis in MA-10 cells, with activation of caspase, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and p53 signal pathways.
Structural and Functional Characteristics of Insulin Receptors in Rat Neuroblastoma Cells (1985)

Insulin receptors were detected in a variety of rat neuroblastoma and glioma cell lines. The binding of 125I-insulin to B103 neuroblastoma cells had characteristics typical of insulin receptors in other tissues, including high affinity for insulin, low affinity for insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), and curvilinear Scatchard plots. Using photoaffinity labeling procedures and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gel electrophoresis to analyze the subunit structure of insulin receptors in B103 cells, the predominantly labeled protein had an apparent molecular weight of 125K and the mobility of this protein was shifted after removal of sialic acid residues. On the basis of size and susceptibility to neuraminidase, the insulin binding subunit in neuroblastoma cells was identical to the alpha-subunit of insulin receptors in adipocytes and different from the 115K subunit found in brain. The presence of an "adipocyte" form of the insulin receptor in clonal cells derived from brain is probably a consequence of transformation and results from more extensive oligosaccharide processing of the 115K receptor expressed in normal brain cells. The fully glycosylated receptors in neuroblastoma cells were capable of exerting functions typical of insulin receptors in adipocytes such as internalization of insulin and stimulation of glucose transport.
Mechanisms of coxsackievirus B5 mediated β‐cell death depend on the multiplicity of infection (2004)

Coxsackievirus infections may trigger and accelerate pancreatic beta-cell death, leading to type I diabetes. Unrestricted coxsackievirus B5 replication in cultured beta-cells inoculated with high multiplicity leads to rapid lytic cell death. Evidence from other virus-host cell systems indicates that host cell responses to infection may depend on the multiplicity of infection (MOI). Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the mechanisms of beta-cell death during high versus low multiplicity of coxsackievirus B5 infection. Cultures of highly differentiated mouse insulinoma cells and primary adult human islets were infected with coxsackievirus B5 at multiplicities of >1,000 or <0.5 TCID50 per cell. The results of nuclear morphology and viability stainings, TUNEL staining and electrophoretic DNA fragmentation analysis showed high multiplicity infection to predominantly induce necrosis and transient apoptosis. In low multiplicity culture, however, necrosis was only moderately induced and apoptosis increased steadily with time. This was best demonstrated by a tenfold higher apoptosis/necrosis ratio than after high multiplicity inoculation. Expression of gamma-glutamyl cysteine synthetase increased in both infective cultures but the level of intracellular glutathione permanently depleted only at high multiplicity and recovered fully at low multiplicity. Thus, apoptosis represents an important mechanism of beta-cell death after low multiplicity of coxsackievirus B5 infection. This process is associated with maintenance of a physiological intracellular glutathione profile differing dramatically from the high multiplicity infection during which necrosis dominates and intracellular thiol balance deteriorates. These data suggest that the pattern and mechanisms of coxsackievirus B5 infection induced beta-cell death depend on the MOI.
Debugging with intelligence via probabilistic inference (2018)

We aim to debug a single failing execution without the assistance from other passing/failing runs. In our context, debugging is a process with substantial uncertainty - lots of decisions have to be made such as what variables shall be inspected first. To deal with such uncertainty, we propose to equip machines with human-like intelligence. Specifically, we develop a highly automated debugging technique that aims to couple human-like reasoning (e.g., dealing with uncertainty and fusing knowledge) with program semantics based analysis, to achieve benefits from the two and mitigate their limitations. We model debugging as a probabilistic inference problem, in which the likelihood of each executed statement instance and variable being correct/faulty is modeled by a random variable. Human knowledge, human-like reasoning rules and program semantics are modeled as conditional probability distributions, also called probabilistic constraints. Solving these constraints identifies the most likely faulty statements. Our results show that the technique is highly effective. It can precisely identify root causes for a set of real-world bugs in a very small number of interactions with developers, much smaller than a recent proposal that does not encode human intelligence. Our user study also confirms that it substantially improves human productivity.
Biofuel by isomerizing metathesis of rapeseed oil esters with (bio)ethylene for use in contemporary diesel engines (2017)

Rapeseed oil methyl ester (RME) and (bio)ethylene are converted into biofuel with an evenly rising boiling point curve, which fulfills the strict boiling specifications prescribed by the fuel standard EN 590 for modern (petro)diesel engines. Catalyzed by a Pd/Ru system, RME undergoes isomerizing metathesis in a stream of ethylene gas, leading to a defined olefin, monoester, and diester blend. This innovative refining concept requires negligible energy input (60°C) and no solvents and does not produce waste. It demonstrates that the pressing challenge of increasing the fraction of renewables in engine fuel may be addressed purely chemically rather than by motor engineering.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Tricyclic Azaspirane Derivatives of Tyrosine: FR901483 (I) and TAN1251C (II). (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Articular lymphoscintigraphy in human knees using radiolabeled dextran. (1990)

Whereas joint lymphatics are inaccessible to conventional (oil-contrast) lymphography, articular lymphatic dysfunction can be assessed by lymphoscintigraphy (isotope lymphography). Using 99mTc-labeled dextran (molecular weight-70,000 daltons), we performed dynamic lymphoscintigraphy in 38 patients with degenerative osteoarthropathy of the knee. Comparison with the normal (contralateral knee) in 25 patients demonstrated that tracer disappeared at 24 hours more slowly from the abnormal side (86.5 +/- 3.3% retention in the abnormal joint compared with 77.1 +/- 4.6%; p less than 0.01), but accumulated more intensely in regional lymph nodes on the pathologic side (3.8 +/- 2.4% vs 1.9 +/- 0.3%; p less than 0.01). The findings suggest deranged macromolecular transport and lymphatic dysfunction in degenerative knee joint disease.
Interactive Global Mosaic Stitching from Mesentery Video Sequences (2020)

Mosaicing or large scale panoramic image generation is a crucial task in medical imaging especially examining cellular features or microstructures. Earlier we have proposed an algorithm, Deformable Normalized Cross Cor-relation (DNCC) [1] to mosaic feature-poor, motion-blurred frog mesentery video sequences. DNCC algorithm generates a single mosaic from each sequence establishing broad structure morphology. Unfortunately, a single mosaic cannot incorporate all information captured from all the sequences together. In another word, we aim to generate a global mosaic combining or fusing all the single mosaics from mesentery sequences. Global mosaic is desirable for comprehensive observation and exploration of the target region in microscopic resolution. Unfortunately, registration of single mosaics to a global mosaic is challenging due to the perspective distortion, scale change and visible seam of single mosaics which are introduced during stitching. Traditional feature based or correlation based method do not work well in such cases. To handle these challenges, we propose a new fused descriptor combining the strengths of both feature based and correlation based registration method for fusing/stitching the single mosaics into one global mosaic or panorama.
Inhibition of SIRT1 Reactivates Silenced Cancer Genes without Loss of Promoter DNA Hypermethylation (2006)

The class III histone deactylase (HDAC), SIRT1, has cancer relevance because it regulates lifespan in multiple organisms, down-regulates p53 function through deacetylation, and is linked to polycomb gene silencing in Drosophila. However, it has not been reported to mediate heterochromatin formation or heritable silencing for endogenous mammalian genes. Herein, we show that SIRT1 localizes to promoters of several aberrantly silenced tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) in which 5' CpG islands are densely hypermethylated, but not to these same promoters in cell lines in which the promoters are not hypermethylated and the genes are expressed. Heretofore, only type I and II HDACs, through deactylation of lysines 9 and 14 of histone H3 (H3-K9 and H3-K14, respectively), had been tied to the above TSG silencing. However, inhibition of these enzymes alone fails to re-activate the genes unless DNA methylation is first inhibited. In contrast, inhibition of SIRT1 by pharmacologic, dominant negative, and siRNA (small interfering RNA)-mediated inhibition in breast and colon cancer cells causes increased H4-K16 and H3-K9 acetylation at endogenous promoters and gene re-expression despite full retention of promoter DNA hypermethylation. Furthermore, SIRT1 inhibition affects key phenotypic aspects of cancer cells. We thus have identified a new component of epigenetic TSG silencing that may potentially link some epigenetic changes associated with aging with those found in cancer, and provide new directions for therapeutically targeting these important genes for re-expression.
Molecular Determinants of Dofetilide Block of HERG K+Channels (1998)

The human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) encodes a K+ channel with biophysical properties nearly identical to the rapid component of the cardiac delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr). HERG/IKr channels are a prime target for the pharmacological management of arrhythmias and are selectively blocked by class III antiarrhythmic methanesulfonanilide drugs, such as dofetilide, E4031, and MK-499, at submicromolar concentrations. By contrast, the closely related bovine ether-a-go-go channel (BEAG) is 100-fold less sensitive to dofetilide. To identify the molecular determinants for dofetilide block, we first engineered chimeras between HERG and BEAG and then used site-directed mutagenesis to localize single amino acid residues responsible for block. Using constructs heterologously expressed in Xenopus oocytes, we found that transplantation of the S5-S6 linker from BEAG into HERG removed high-affinity block by dofetilide. A point mutation in the S5-S6 linker region, HERG S620T, abolished high-affinity block and interfered with C-type inactivation. Thus, our results indicate that important determinants of dofetilide binding are localized to the pore region of HERG. Since the loss of high-affinity drug binding was always correlated with a loss of C-type inactivation, it is possible that the changes observed in drug binding are due to indirect allosteric modifications in the structure of the channel protein and not to the direct interaction of dofetilide with the respective mutated site chains. However, the chimeric approach was not able to identify domains outside the S5-S6 linker region of the HERG channel as putative candidates involved in drug binding. Moreover, the reverse mutation BEAG T432S increased the affinity of BEAG K+ channels for dofetilide, whereas C-type inactivation could not be recovered. Thus, the serine in position HERG 620 may participate directly in dofetilide binding; however, an intact C-type inactivation process seems to be crucial for high-affinity drug binding.
COX-SIMU: A 3D Real Time Nodal Kinetic Code for the EDF EPR TREFLE&#x00A0;&#x00A0;Simulator (2013)

The goal of the EDF TREFLE® project is to provide to the EPRTM project a full-scope simulator in order to perform design studies and operator training for the EPRTM reactor under construction at Flamanville, France. This article describes the 3D real time neutronic module, COX-SIMU, developed by EDF engineers and integrated in the simulator by the CORYS T.E.S.S Company. For the calculation of the 3D power distribution, COX-SIMU solves the neutron diffusion equations with 2 energy groups (transient and steady states). A full 3D distribution is needed due to the specifications of the EPRTM reactor internal instrumentation which requires knowledge of the detailed flux distribution for the Protection System. COX-SIMU includes thermal-hydraulical and thermal conduction modules to take into account the water moderator and fuel feedback on neutronic reactions. A simple model based on exponential functions is used for the calculation of the Residual Heat. COX-SIMU is fully validated against the industrial EDF neutronic code COCCINELLE with fine mesh discretization. The modularity and flexibility of COX-SIMU allow its integration in any Pressurized Water Reactor simulators. Thus, COX-SIMU is also integrated in the EPRTM TAISHAN Simulator.
Analysis of optimal temperature, pressure and binder quantity for the production of biocarbon pellet to be used as a substitute for coke (2019)

In order to contribute to the decarbonization of the economy, efficient alternatives to coal and coke should be found not only in the power sector but also in the industrial sectors (like steel, silicon and manganese production) in which coal and coke are used as a reductant and for steel production also as a fuel. To this aim many research works have been focused on the development of a coke substitute based on woody biomass and known as “biocarbon”. There are still barriers to overcome, among them: the biocarbon low density, poor mechanical strength and high reactivity. In this paper a new biocarbon production methodology is proposed, based on: pyrolysis at 600 °C, densification (using pyrolysis oil as binder), reheating of the obtained pellet. Response surface methodology with a Box-Behnken experimental design was utilized to evaluate the effects of the process conditions on the pellet’s quality. Responses showed that densification was mainly affected by oil content and pelleting temperature, while pelleting pressure had a minor influence. The pelleting process has been finally optimized using Derringer’s desired function methodology. Optimal pelletizing conditions are: temperature equal to 60 °C, pressure equal to 116.7 MPa, oil content concentration of 33.9 wt%. These results are relevant for metal production industries at a global level. The identified optimal parameters of the new biocarbon production process can contribute to replace coke with sustainable fuels and probably reduce great part of the related greenhouse gases emissions.
A W-band, 92–114 GHz, real-time spectral efficient radio link demonstrating 10 Gbps peak rate in field trial (2022)

This paper reports on a real-time radio-link at W-band (92–114 GHz). 10 Gbps peak rate is reached for a 2000 MHz carrier bandwidth, and 5.7 Gbps is demonstrated over a link-hop of 1.5 km for a 1500 MHz-carrier, running at 128 QAM and 32 QAM, respectively. High integrated radio front-end SIP modules using GaAs technology, achieves a linear TX channel power of +8 dBm, and RX NF of 8 dB from the radio. It is configured to achieve 5.7 Gbps in a radio link with 149 dB system gain.
Detection of viruses in drinking water by concentration on magnetic iron oxide (1981)

Discharge of raw domestic wastes containing human enteric viruses into water courses, consumption of untreated water from canals, streams, and shallow wells in villages, and cross-contamination of water in the distribution system because of intermittent water supply in urban areas continue to cause widespread outbreaks of infectious hepatitis in India. To detect a low number of viruses in 50- to 100-liter samples of water, a method was developed with magnetic iron oxide as the virus adsorbent. Poliovirus-seeded dechlorinated tap water, adjusted to pH 3.0 and 0.0005 M AlCl3, was filtered through a 10-g bed of iron oxide sandwiched between two AP20 prefilter pads held in a 142-mm-diameter, stainless-steel holder. Virus was eluted from iron oxide by recirculating three times a 100-ml volume of 3% beef extract, pH 9.0. The eluate was reconcentrated to 5 ml by adjusting to pH 3, adding 1 g of iron oxide, stirring for 30 min, and eluting the readsorbed virus with 5 ml of beef extract, pH 9.0. Virus recovery varied from 60 to 80%. Using the above method, we took a survey of drinking water at three locations in Nagpur during 1976 and found the presence of virus in 7 of 50 samples. The quantity of virus recovered ranged from 1 to 7 plaque-forming units per 30 to 60 liters. Virus was detected in some samples even with residual chlorine. No coliforms were detected in the virus-positive samples.