gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of peptides for the surface functionalization of perovskite ferroelectrics (2006)

Combinatorial phage display methods have been used to identify a heptapeptide sequence, ISLLHST, that strongly associates with a perovskite ferroelectric, Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3 (PZT). The selectively of peptide binding to polycrystalline metalorganic chemical vapor deposition deposited PZT thin films were determined by titering and immunofluorescence microscopy. Ferroelectric properties were determined by measurement of the P-E hysteresis loop on unmodified and phage bound PZT thin films. No change in the coercive field, Ec, or the saturation polarization, Ps was observed. The remnant polarization, PR, however, showed a minor reduction after exposure to aqueous buffer and/or phage binding, possibly due to association of compensating surface charges on the PZT.
Durable Packaging Design for Cordierite Ceramic Catalysts for Motorcycle Application (1993)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The motorcycle emissions regulations for both two-stroke and four-stroke engines, which are receiving worldwide attention, will go into effect in the very near future. To meet these regulations, the motorcycles will require a catalyst in conjunction with the muffler due to space limitations. The combination of high engine speeds, high vibrational acceleration, high HC and CO emissions, high oxidation exotherms, and stringent durability requirements, points to cordierite ceramic substrate as an ideal catalyst support. However, as an integral unit within the muffler, its packaging design must be capable of withstanding isothermal operating conditions which may exceed the upper intumescent temperature limit of the ceramic mat.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper describes a durable packaging design for the ceramic catalyst which employs a hybrid ceramic mat, special end rings and gaskets, and high strength stainless steel can. Such a packaging design enjoys sufficient radial and axial mounting pressures up to temperatures approaching 1000°C. The robustness of converter package is verified experimentally by two different laboratory tests, namely an axial retention test and a high frequency/high acceleration vibration test, both at temperatures approaching 1000°C. The use of hybrid mat with high mount density maintains the required pressure to survive 100 hours of high temperature and high acceleration vibration testing. The pertinent physical properties of ceramic catalyst and hybrid mat, which contribute to robustness, are also presented. The systems design approach for a durable converter, employed here, also permits optimization of cell size to minimize back pressure penalty while providing adequate surface area for conversion efficiency.&lt;/div&gt;
rAAV9 mediated PAX6 gene transfer temporarily reverses corneal epithelial thinning in a mouse model of aniridia (2020)

Aniridia is a rare, congenital, blinding disorder, caused by mutations in the paired box 6 (PAX6) gene. People with aniridia are born with poor vision, which deteriorates towards blindness in early adulthood due to glaucoma and aniridia associated keratopathy. Glaucoma can be managed by conventional treatments, however interventions for keratopathy fail to provide lasting vision. Aniridia is caused by haploinsufficiency, where the underlying cause of the phenotype is insufficient production of PAX6. Therefore, PAX6 augmentation is a possible approach to treating aniridia. Gene therapy, defined as the manipulation of gene expression, or repair of abnormal genes, has recently demonstrated clinical success, providing therapeutics for genetic disorders such as lipoprotein lipase, Leber's congenital amaurosis, spinal muscular atrophy, and hemophilia B. All of these gene therapies use recombinant adeno associated viruses (rAAV) as a vector to transfer genes to patient cells, augmenting protein production. However, PAX6 is a potent morphogen, and using gene transfer technologies to express PAX6 ectopically risks detrimental effects in off target cells. Therefore, towards developing a PAX6 gene therapy for aniridia, I tested PAX6 minimal promoters (MiniPromoters) to restrict gene expression from rAAV to cells that endogenously express PAX6. Using regulatory regions from the PAX6 gene, seven MiniPromoters were tested, and four were found to restrict expression to the four cell types that express PAX6 in the adult retina. Most gene therapies begin in a mouse model before they are tested clinically. Therefore, before I began testing PAX6 gene transfer, I studied the Small eye (Sey) mouse model of aniridia to define therapeutic targets for PAX6 gene transfer, and to quantify phenotypic features of clinical interest. These studies identified the cornea as a target with a clinically relevant phenotype, epithelial thinning, which I could target for gene transfer. Finally, I tested PAX6 gene transfer to the Sey mouse cornea by injecting rAAV encoding a PAX6 open reading frame (ORF) directly into the cornea. These tests revealed that PAX6 gene transfer to the cornea transiently reverses corneal epithelial thinning in Sey mice, and lays the foundation for the development of a gene therapy for aniridia.
Review: Pharmacotherapy of obstructive sleep apnea (2008)

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with serious comorbid illnesses and diminished quality of life. At this time, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is the treatment of choice. However, only half of those individuals who accept CPAP are still using it at the end of one year. Furthermore, efficacy for improving self-reported sleepiness appears to be greater for patients with severe sleep apnea and severe sleepiness than other patient groups. Some patients, notwithstanding optimized therapy and therapeutic adherence continue experiencing excessive daytime somnolence. Consequently, other treatment modalities have developed, including oral appliances, surgery and pharmacotherapy. It is widely believed, albeit not empirically demonstrated, that an effective medication to treat OSA would elicit better acceptance and adherence than having to use a machine for many hours on a nightly basis. Nonetheless, paucity of data (i.e. lack of large-scale randomized controlled trials), variability of perceived and actual benefits, and adverse side-effects of the drugs thus far tested have prevented the use of pharmacotherapy until now. In this paper we review the outcome data from published trials designed to evaluate efficacy and safety of various medications proposed for treating obstructive sleep apnea.
Development of Straight Style Transfer Equipment for Lower Limbs Disabled: Verification of Basic Motion (2004)

We developed straight style transfer equipment for a person with disabled legs. It realizes travel in a standing state even on uneven ground, standing-up motion from a seated position, and ascending stairs. This equipment comprises three modules: a pair of telescopic crutches, a powered lower extremity orthosis, and a pair of mobile platforms. We detail the conceptual design of the equipment and the motion of each module. Cooperative operations using three modules are discussed through simulations. We verified travel in a standing state, including rotation, and standing-up motion from a chair through experiments using prototypes of telescopic crutches and mobile platforms.
A Novel N4-Like Bacteriophage Isolated from a Wastewater Source in South India with Activity against Several Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates (2021)

Multidrug-resistant community-acquired infections caused by the opportunistic human pathogen <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> are increasingly reported in India and other locations globally. Since this organism is ubiquitous in the environment, samples such as sewage and wastewater are rich reservoirs of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> bacteriophages. In this study, we report the isolation and characterization of a novel <i>P. aeruginosa</i> N4-like lytic bacteriophage, vB_Pae_AM.P2 (AM.P2), from wastewater in Kerala, India. AM.P2 is a double-stranded DNA podovirus that efficiently lyses the model strain, PAO1, at a multiplicity of infection as low as 0.1 phage per bacterium and resistance frequency of 6.59 × 10<sup>-4</sup> Synergy in bactericidal activity was observed between AM.P2 and subinhibitory concentrations of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin. Genome sequencing of AM.P2 revealed features similar to those of the N4-like <i>P. aeruginosa</i> phages LUZ7 and KPP21. As judged by two independent assay methods, spot tests and growth inhibition, AM.P2 successfully inhibited the growth of almost 30% of strains from a contemporary collection of multidrug-resistant <i>P. aeruginosa</i> clinical isolates from South India. Thus, AM.P2 may represent an intriguing candidate for inclusion in bacteriophage cocktails developed for various applications, including water decontamination and clinical bacteriophage therapy.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> In India, multidrug resistance determinants are much more abundant in community-associated bacterial pathogens due to the improper treatment of domestic and industrial effluents. In particular, a high bacterial load of the opportunistic pathogen <i>P. aeruginosa</i> in sewage and water bodies in India is well documented. The isolation and characterization of bacteriophages that could target emerging <i>P. aeruginosa</i> strains, representing possible epicenters for community-acquired infections, could serve as a useful alternative tool for various applications, such as phage therapy and environmental treatment. Continuing to supplement the repertoire of broad-spectrum bacteriophages is an essential tool in confronting this problem.
Domain decomposition for a finite volume method on non-matching grids (2004)

We are interested in a robust and accurate domain decomposition method with Robin interface conditions on non-matching grids using a finite volume discretization. We introduce transmission operators on the non-matching grids and define new interface conditions of Robin type. Under a compatibility assumption, we show the equivalence between Robin interface conditions and Dirichlet–Neumann interface conditions and the well-posedness of the global and local problems. Two error estimates are given in terms of the discrete H 1 -norm: one in O( h 1/2 ) with operators based on piecewise constant functions and the other in O( h ) (as in the conforming case) with operators using a linear rebuilding. Numerical results are given.
The Early Work of Sidney Nolan 1939-49 (1967)

A discussion on some of the early works of the artist Sidney Nolan. The transition of his art between non-figurative to a naive landscape style is discussed.
SiPM Avalanche Size and Crosstalk Measurements with Light Emission Microscopy (2014)

Diodes operating in reverse bias emit visible light. This light emission process is important in silicon photomultipliers where microcells, arranged in a matrix, can trigger avalanches in adjacent microcells. One of the main goals toward improving silicon photomultipliers as light detectors is to design sensors with significantly higher photon detection efficiency than the classical photomultipliers. To achieve this goal, one needs to operate the silicon photomultiplier under a high relative overvoltage, saturating its Geiger efficiency. This means operating it under high gain and a correspondingly high level of optical crosstalk. In this paper, we describe a new and precise visual method for measuring the crosstalk as well as the transverse size of avalanches in a silicon photomultiplier microcell. This size turns out to be significantly smaller than the usually used microcell size, practically independent from the overvoltage or type. It also has implications for designing small, fast microcells that could reach a naturally lower size limit.
Circulating tumor DNA predicts outcome in metastatic gastroesophageal cancer (2022)

Based on our NGS panel, the number of ctDNA mutations before start of first-line chemotherapy has prognostic value. Moreover, residual ctDNA after three cycles of systemic treatment is associated with inferior survival.
Inheritance and mutation of hypervariable (GATA)n microsatellite loci in a moth, Ephestia kuehniella (1992)

We established homogeneous sublines that contained two or three homozygous DNA loci with long (GATA) n tracts from polymorphic Ephestia laboratory strains. Crossbreeding analysis assigned these loci to two or three different chromosomes, respectively. A nonrelated and rather recently isolated strain contained at least three other poly(GATA) loci located on different chromosomes. Germline mutations, visible as restriction fragment size changes between parents and offspring or loss of a poly(GATA) tract, are relatively rare in some strains but unusually frequent in the ml strain. The mutations affect not only GATA repeats but also flanking sequences. In five mutations investigated by crossbreeding, the altered poly(GATA)-containing restriction fragments remained in their original linkage groups.Key words: Bkm DNA, microsatellite, simple sequence repeats.
Glycosyl glycerides from hydroponic Panax ginseng inhibited NO production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells (2014)

The glycosyl glycerides were identified to be (2S)-1-O-7(Z),10(Z),13(Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-3-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-sn-glycerol (1), (2S)-1-O-linolenoyl-3-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-sn-glycerol (2), (2S)-1-O-linolenoyl-2-O-linolenoyl-3-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-sn-glycerol (3), and 2(S)-1-O-linoleoyl-2-O-linoleoyl-3-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-sn-glycerol (4). Compounds 1 and 2 showed moderate inhibition activity on NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells [half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50): 63.8 ± 6.4μM and 59.4 ± 6.8μM, respectively] without cytotoxicity at concentrations < 100μM, whereas Compounds 3 and 4 showed good inhibition effect (IC50: 7.7 ± 0.6μM and 8.0 ± 0.9μM, respectively) without cytotoxicity at concentrations < 20μM. All isolated compounds showed reduced messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α in LPS-induced macrophage cells with strong inhibition of mRNA activity observed for Compounds 3 and 4.
Characterization of residual strain in SiC films deposited using 1,3-disilabutane for MEMS application (2003)

The residual strain of amorphous and polycrystalline SiC films deposited using a single precursor 1,3-disilabutane is characterized as a function of deposition temperature ranging from 700 to 850°C. SiC microstrain gauges and cantilever beam arrays fabricated by micromachining are employed to characterize directly the average residual strain and strain gradient. The residual strain of SiC films changes from compressive to tensile as the deposition temperature increases. The strain gradient is also found to depend on the deposition temperature, and can be adjusted between positive and negative values to fabricate flat, curling-up, and curling-down micromechanical structures.
Experimental synthesis of uniform fiber Bragg gratings (2003)

The combination of optical low coherence reflectometry together with layer peeling algorithm allows for the experimental synthesis of fiber Bragg gratings. In this paper, we compare the profile given by this method with one obtained by an independant Krug measurement and show its better sensitivity.
A STATISTICAL STUDY OF MAGNETIC STORM RECOVERY PHASE: PRELIMINARY RESULTS (2001)

A statistical study has been performed of the magnetic storm recovery phase using the Dst index for 102 storm events in the interval January 1996 to December 1998. In 43 cases (or 42%) out of our 102 events, the recovery phase exhibits fast recovery (kaking about 8 hours or less) at its initial stage or for the entire recovery period. Since this fast recovery can be explained by the fast charge exchange less of ions which mostly com from the ionosphere, and since a fraction of ions is of ionospheric origin as well, our statistical result supports the view that the source of ring current ions in many magnetic storms can be terrestrial.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Altered Steroid Milieu in AI-Resistant Breast Cancer Facilitates AR Mediated Gene-Expression Associated with Poor Response to Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Gene changes in MCF7aro. The impact of cyp19 overexpression on SGK3 expression in an independent study. Impact of siRNA-AR/ER on SGK3 mRNA&lt;/p&gt;
Human IP‐10 selectively promotes dominance of polyclonally activated and environmental antigen‐driven IFN‐γ over IL‐4 responses (1998)

Human interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) differs from most chemokines in its apparent specificity for activated T lymphocytes. We hypothesized that IP-10 was relevant not only for recruiting T cells to inflammatory sites, but also for regulating cytokine synthesis patterns. We examined the effect of recombinant human IP-10 (rhIP-10) on human interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) production by fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We demonstrate for the first time that this CXC chemokine selectively up-regulates human T cell cytokine synthesis, with enhancement selectively targeted to promotion of Th1-like dominance. Superantigen (TSST-1), soluble anti-CD3 mAb, and phytohemagglutinin were used to activate distinct intracellular signaling pathways, thereby inducing quantitatively different IFN-gamma:IL-4 ratios. Selective enhancement of IFN-gamma responses was consistently observed, with median increases of 105-470%. Environmental antigens (Ag) were used to evaluate IP-10's effect on CD4-dependent, chloroquine-sensitive cytokine synthesis. Ag-driven IFN-gamma responses exhibited median 19- to 30-fold increases in the presence of nanomolar concentrations of rhIP-10. IL-4 responses were neither enhanced nor inhibited under any of the conditions tested. These findings suggest a potential role for this T cell-focused chemokine in maintenance of the default Th1-like responses usually seen to environmental Ag and indicate a potential application in the modulation of Ag-driven responses in vivo.
Brain blood flow measured with intravenous H2(15)O. I. Theory and error analysis. (1983)

The tissue autoradiographic method for the measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in animals was adapted for use with positron emission tomography (PET). Because of the limited spatial resolution of PET, a region of interest will contain a mix of gray and white matter, inhomogeneous in flow and in tracer partition coefficient (lambda). The resultant error in rCBF, however, is less than 4%. Although the tissue autoradiographic method requires a monotonically increasing input function to ensure a unique solution for flow, the PET adaptation does not, because of an additional integration in the operational equation. Simulation showed that the model is accurate in the presence of ischemia or hyperemia of the gray matter. Inaccuracy in timing of the arterial input function will result in large errors in rCBF measurement. Propagation of errors in measurement of tissue activity is largely independent of flow, reflecting the nearly linear flow compared with activity relationship.
Sensors for Catheter Applications (2003)

Abstract Minimally invasive techniques enable diagnostics and surgery to be performed through a small incision. This greatly reduces the damage to healthy tissue leading to faster recovery times for the patient. However, the surgeon is deprived of the sensory feedback available with normal surgical techniques. Miniaturised sensors can provide this information about location, diagnostics and the treatment. This application severely limits the size of the device, with some catheters being less than 1 mm in diameter. Catheters are usually defined in multiples of 1/3 mm or 1 french. Further important issues are bio‐compatibility, safety and the ability of the sensor to withstand the working environment. Sensors able to meet these demands are improving the efficiency of operations and are opening new opportunities for minimally invasive techniques.
Interfacial strain in 3C-SiC/Si(100) pseudo-substrates for cubic nitride epitaxy (2003)

After a short review of the present stage of knowledge of the Si[100] and β-SiC surface reconstructions and Si carbonisation mechanism, we discuss the possible origin for the change in sign of the interfacial strain recently observed in this strongly mismatched cubic hetero-epitaxial system as a function of the initial carbonisation temperature. Both the interfacial and anisotropic character of this strain are confirmed by micro-Raman analysis of cleaved CVD-grown samples, which reveal also how extended defects relieve the residual strain after the growth of a few micrometers of 3C-SiC. Such pseudo-substrates have been used as a cubic template for the MBE growth of cubic nitrides and Raman scattering results on β-AlN materials and cubic GaN/AlN stacked quantum boxes are presented. Finally, the potential andlimitations of such 3C-SiC pseudo-substrates for nitride growth are discussed.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Inhibition of Established Micrometastases by Targeted Drug Delivery via Cell Surface–Associated GRP78 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 159K, Supplementary Figure 3. BMTP78 kills breast cell lines in a GRP78-dependent manner.&lt;/p&gt;
Rheumatoid arthritis (1998)

WHO Center for Molecular Biology and Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Rheumatic Diseases, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital, Gloriastrasse 25, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
Fast hierarchical importance sampling with blue noise properties (2004)

This paper presents a novel method for efficiently generating a good sampling pattern given an importance density over a 2D domain. A Penrose tiling is hierarchically subdivided creating a sufficiently large number of sample points. These points are numbered using the Fibonacci number system, and these numbers are used to threshold the samples against the local value of the importance density. Pre-computed correction vectors, obtained using relaxation, are used to improve the spectral characteristics of the sampling pattern. The technique is deterministic and very fast; the sampling time grows linearly with the required number of samples. We illustrate our technique with importance-based environment mapping, but the technique is versatile enough to be used in a large variety of computer graphics applications, such as light transport calculations, digital halftoning, geometry processing, and various rendering techniques.
Comparative Eco-Toxicities of Nano-ZnO Particles under Aquatic and Aerosol Exposure Modes (2010)

The antimicrobial activity of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) was investigated under aquatic and aerosol exposure modes. ZnO NPs in aquatic media aggregated to micrometer-sized particles and did not interact with microorganisms effectively. Hence, the inhibition of microbial growth by nano-ZnO NPs (e.g., Mycobacterium smegmatis and Cyanothece 51142) in aquatic media was mainly attributable to dissolved zinc species. Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 and Escherichia coli were able to produce large amounts of extracellular polymeric substances, and their growth was not inhibited by ZnO NPs in aquatic media, even at high concentrations (>40 mg/L). On the other hand, when ZnO NPs were electrosprayed onto an E. coli biofilm so that NPs could be directly deposited onto the cell surface, the aerosol exposure dramatically reduced cellular viability. For example, an electrospray of ZnO NPs (20 nm) reduced the total number of viable E.coli cells by 57% compared to the control case, in which we electrosprayed only the buffer solution. However, electrospraying large-sized ZnO particles (480 nm) or nonsoluble TiO(2) NPs (20 nm) caused much less lethality to E. coli cells. The above observation implies that the aerosol method of exposing ZnO NPs to biological systems appears to have a much higher antimicrobial activity, and thus may lead to practical applications of employing a novel antimicrobial agent for airborne disease control.