gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identifying Real Estate Opportunities Using Machine Learning (2018)

The real estate market is exposed to many fluctuations in prices because of existing correlations with many variables, some of which cannot be controlled or might even be unknown. Housing prices can increase rapidly (or in some cases, also drop very fast), yet the numerous listings available online where houses are sold or rented are not likely to be updated that often. In some cases, individuals interested in selling a house (or apartment) might include it in some online listing, and forget about updating the price. In other cases, some individuals might be interested in deliberately setting a price below the market price in order to sell the home faster, for various reasons. In this paper, we aim at developing a machine learning application that identifies opportunities in the real estate market in real time, i.e., houses that are listed with a price substantially below the market price. This program can be useful for investors interested in the housing market. We have focused in a use case considering real estate assets located in the Salamanca district in Madrid (Spain) and listed in the most relevant Spanish online site for home sales and rentals. The application is formally implemented as a regression problem that tries to estimate the market price of a house given features retrieved from public online listings. For building this application, we have performed a feature engineering stage in order to discover relevant features that allows for attaining a high predictive performance. Several machine learning algorithms have been tested, including regression trees, k-nearest neighbors, support vector machines and neural networks, identifying advantages and handicaps of each of them.
Inkjet-printed organic transistors for the detection of gaseous analytes (2013)

This work presents the fabrication and characterization of inkjet-printed Organic Field Effect Transistors (OFETs) fabricated on flexible, plastic substrates for the detection of gaseous species. The transistors structure and fabrication process is presented, as well as their electrical characterization. Finally, the integration of biological, gas-sensitive molecules (namely, Odorant Binding Proteins) into the devices active layer is described and their response to specific Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) is introduced and presented as results for future employment of these transistors in the field of gas sensing
Nutritional Myths (2005)

Owners are sometimes confused or misinformed about nutritional facts pertaining to pet foods, and three common nutritional myths have been propagated in the popular press. The first myth is that meat by-products are of inferior quality compared to whole meat. The second myth is that feeding trials are unnecessary, and the third myth is that pet food preservatives are bad. This paper examines the known facts related to these three myths and discusses the importance of food trials and the different classes and forms of antioxidants used in pet foods.
Rapid sprouting of filopodia in nerve terminals of chromaffin cells, PC12 cells, and dorsal root neurons induced by electrical stimulation (1994)

Rapid morphological changes induced by direct electrical stimulation of nerve terminals were studied by using video-enhanced differential interference contrast microscopy at a very high magnification (12,000x). We used mainly cultured bovine chromaffin cells, which developed neurite-like processes, and PC12 cells, which showed neuronal differentiation upon NGF treatment. In a few cases, primary neurons of the rat dorsal root ganglion were also examined. Brief pulse stimulation of the terminals and varicosities induced exocytosis accompanied by rapid formation of filopodia. These filopodia, 0.1-0.2 micron in diameter and up to 10 microns in length, formed within a few hundreds of milliseconds and then retracted within tens of seconds. They could also be induced by K depolarization. This rapid filopodial sprouting strongly depended on the presence of extracellular Ca2+ and could be abolished in a medium containing a Ca chelator (EGTA) or La2+. Anti-cytoskeletal agents colchicine and cytochalasin B failed to block this response completely but lidocaine fully suppressed it. Quantitative analysis of exocytosis and filopodial sprouting showed that they were independent events, not directly linked to each other, having different thresholds usually higher for filopodial formation. In PC12 cells, the extent of filopodial sprouting varied with the state of differentiation of the cells, suggesting a functional role of rapid sprouting during a particular phase of their differentiation. Filopodia could be induced with greater ease by repetitive stimulation. The same responses may occur at growth cones approaching the target cells or even at mature synapses particularly after repetitive electrical activity, possibly playing a role in use-dependent synapse formation or plasticity.
Multi-omics analysis of glucose-mediated signaling by a moonlighting Gβ protein Asc1/RACK1 (2021)

Heterotrimeric G proteins were originally discovered through efforts to understand the effects of hormones, such as glucagon and epinephrine, on glucose metabolism. On the other hand, many cellular metabolites, including glucose, serve as ligands for G protein-coupled receptors. Here we investigate the consequences of glucose-mediated receptor signaling, and in particular the role of a Gα subunit Gpa2 and a non-canonical Gβ subunit, known as Asc1 in yeast and RACK1 in animals. Asc1/RACK1 is of particular interest because it has multiple, seemingly unrelated, functions in the cell. The existence of such "moonlighting" operations has complicated the determination of phenotype from genotype. Through a comparative analysis of individual gene deletion mutants, and by integrating transcriptomics and metabolomics measurements, we have determined the relative contributions of the Gα and Gβ protein subunits to glucose-initiated processes in yeast. We determined that Gpa2 is primarily involved in regulating carbohydrate metabolism while Asc1 is primarily involved in amino acid metabolism. Both proteins are involved in regulating purine metabolism. Of the two subunits, Gpa2 regulates a greater number of gene transcripts and was particularly important in determining the amplitude of response to glucose addition. We conclude that the two G protein subunits regulate distinct but complementary processes downstream of the glucose-sensing receptor, as well as processes that lead ultimately to changes in cell growth and metabolism.
A Tandem Claisen‐Decarboxylation‐Aldol Reaction – Facile Access to The Fredericamycin A Core (1997)

Abstract A tandem reaction of doubly deprotonated indanecarboxylic acid 3 with ethoxyphthalide 5 leads to the formation of the spirocyclic diastereomers 6a and the 6b in a ratio of 9:1. They are converted to the spirodiketone core 2 of fredericamycin A (1).
PTH-112 investigation update: a cluster of genotype A2 ‘prisoner variant’ acute hepatitis B infection (2018)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Between April 2012 and May 2015, a cluster of acute Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was investigated by Public Health England (PHE) in Southwest England. Compared nationally, it was observed that cases were above the average age, all male and did not belong to typical ‘high-risk’ groups; with a majority reporting no risk-factors for HBV exposure. It was hypothesised that these cases were linked by a common source of transmission or a shared behaviour and that this link could be demonstrated by phylogenetic analysis. <h3>Methods</h3> A case definition of men, aged 35–75, presenting with acute HBV, with no recorded risk factors, was adopted. The PHE Database ‘HP zone’ was used to compile a line list of new acute HBV matching the case definition within the undisclosed county, from January 2012 to January 2015. Inclusion criteria for all cases required HBV core IgM positive status with clinical symptoms or biochemical markers consistent with acute hepatitis. Data on risk factors was compiled, as part of routine investigation, from the PHE acute HBV questionnaire using open and focussed questioning. Serum specimens on the line list were sent to the PHE laboratory, Colindale for phylogenetic analysis. <h3>Results</h3> 33 cases of acute HBV were identified with 19 men fitting the case definition. The line list was expanded to include the remaining 7 men aged 35–75 in the same region and timeframe who did report risk factors for HBV exposure (total=26). 6 cases did not have stored serum for genotyping. 17 cases of HBV Genotype A2 were identified, 14 met the exact case definition with no risk factors with the remaining 3 reporting high-risk sexual activity with men. 3 Cases of Genotype D were identified, all of which reported risk factors.14 of the 19 cases that fitted the definition described themselves as heterosexual and married at the time of diagnosis. All spouses tested negative for HBV. Of the 17 A2 genotypes 16 were 99%–100% identical and 12 were 99.7%–100% identical at the nucleotide level with one case differing by a single base pair at the HBsAg region. All cases were of a single, stable strain known as the ‘Prisoner Variant’, which has increased in prevalence from 1990, primarily in the prison population of north England. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The genotypic link of at least 16 cases with a non-prevalent strain of HBV indicates a common source of infection. The lack of confirmed risk factors in so many cases may indicate a shift in the ‘epi-picture’ with new behaviours making at-risk groups harder to identify for targeted health-education or vaccination. The cluster remains active with further cases being investigated.
Biclustering reveals breast cancer tumour subgroups with common clinical features and improves prediction of disease recurrence (2013)

The increasing clinical use of genomic profiling demands identification of more effective methods to segregate patients into prognostic and treatment groups. We have shown that biclustering can be used to select optimal gene sets for determining the prognosis of specific strata of patients.
Evaluating TBK1 as a Therapeutic Target in Cancers with Activated IRF3 (2014)

TBK1 has therapeutic potential under certain contexts and phosphorylation of its downstream target IRF3 is a biomarker of TBK1 activity.
PSACNN: Pulse Sequence Resilient Fast Whole Brain Segmentation (2019)

With the advent of convolutional neural networks~(CNN), supervised learning methods are increasingly being used for whole brain segmentation. However, a large, manually annotated training dataset of labeled brain images required to train such supervised methods is frequently difficult to obtain or create. In addition, existing training datasets are generally acquired with a homogeneous magnetic resonance imaging~(MRI) acquisition protocol. CNNs trained on such datasets are unable to generalize on test data with different acquisition protocols. Modern neuroimaging studies and clinical trials are necessarily multi-center initiatives with a wide variety of acquisition protocols. Despite stringent protocol harmonization practices, it is very difficult to standardize the gamut of MRI imaging parameters across scanners, field strengths, receive coils etc., that affect image contrast. In this paper we propose a CNN-based segmentation algorithm that, in addition to being highly accurate and fast, is also resilient to variation in the input acquisition. Our approach relies on building approximate forward models of pulse sequences that produce a typical test image. For a given pulse sequence, we use its forward model to generate plausible, synthetic training examples that appear as if they were acquired in a scanner with that pulse sequence. Sampling over a wide variety of pulse sequences results in a wide variety of augmented training examples that help build an image contrast invariant model. Our method trains a single CNN that can segment input MRI images with acquisition parameters as disparate as $T_1$-weighted and $T_2$-weighted contrasts with only $T_1$-weighted training data. The segmentations generated are highly accurate with state-of-the-art results~(overall Dice overlap$=0.94$), with a fast run time~($\approx$ 45 seconds), and consistent across a wide range of acquisition protocols.
Isomorphism of graph classes related to the circular-ones property (2013)

Discrete Algorithms We give a linear-time algorithm that checks for isomorphism between two 0-1 matrices that obey the circular-ones property. Our algorithm is similar to the isomorphism algorithm for interval graphs of Lueker and Booth, but works on PC trees, which are unrooted and have a cyclic nature, rather than with PQ trees, which are rooted. This algorithm leads to linear-time isomorphism algorithms for related graph classes, including Helly circular-arc graphs, Γ circular-arc graphs, proper circular-arc graphs and convex-round graphs.
Data Discovery and Dissemination with DIP (2008)

We present DIP, a data discovery and dissemination protocol for wireless networks. Prior approaches, such as Trickle or SPIN, have overheads that scale linearly with the number of data items. For T items, DIP can identify new items with O(log(T)) packets while maintaining a O(1) detection latency. To achieve this performance in a wide spectrum of network configurations, DIP uses a hybrid approach of randomized scanning and tree-based directed searches. By dynamically selecting which of the two algorithms to use, DIP outperforms both in terms of transmissions and speed. Simulation and testbed experiments show that DIP sends 20-60% fewer packets than existing protocols and can be 200% faster, while only requiring O(log(log(T))) additional state per data item.
Genetic analysis of a seedling stress response to ethylene in Arabidopsis (1995)

A genetic framework has been devised for the action of genes within the ethylene-response pathway. This working model is based on the epistatic interactions among a variety of ethylene response mutations. Most of the mutations that have been described act in a linear pathway. Genes controlling cell elongation in response to ethylene must, at some level, act to affect the architecture of the cytoskeleton. Genes that act late in the pathway, in mutant form, may lead to highly specific phenotypes such as the increased sensitivity to taxol in the ein6 mutant. Analysis of these downstream components may provide critical insights into the nature of ethylene's effect on the cell elongation machinery.
Sensor-based error recovery for robotic task sequences using fuzzy Petri nets (2003)

The authors address the problem of representing and automatically invoking error recovery sequences in response to sensed error during execution. The approach is based on the use of a fuzzy Petri net model in which sensory verification operations determine fuzzy values of tokens in the net. The outcome of a sensory verification operation changes the fuzzy values of tokens and leads to an altered firing sequence and resulting error recovery. An algorithm is described for adding sensory verification transitions and associated fuzzy transition rules which implement error recovery through retry or alternative sequence mechanisms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Definite Integral of Logarithmic Trigonometric Functions Expressed in terms of the Incomplete Gamma Function (2021)

We present a method using contour integration to derive definite integrals and their associated infinite sums which can be expressed as a special function. We give a proof of the basic equation and some examples of the method. The advantage of using special functions is their analytic continuation which widens the range of the parameters of the definite integral over which the formula is valid. We give as examples definite integrals of logarithmic functions times a trigonometric function. In various cases these generalizations evaluate to known mathematical constants such as Catalanâ€™s constant and Ï€.
Lessons from Chlorophylls: Modifications of Porphyrinoids Towards Optimized Solar Energy Conversion (2014)

Practical applications of photosynthesis-inspired processes depend on a thorough understanding of the structures and physiochemical features of pigment molecules such as chlorophylls and bacteriochlorophylls. Consequently, the major structural features of these pigments have been systematically examined as to how they influence the S1 state energy, lifetimes, quantum yields, and pigment photostability. In particular, the effects of the macrocyclic π-electron system, central metal ion (CMI), peripheral substituents, and pigment aggregation, on these critical parameters are discussed. The results obtained confirm that the π-electron system of the chromophore has the greatest influence on the light energy conversion capacity of porphyrinoids. Its modifications lead to changes in molecular symmetry, which determine the energy levels of frontier orbitals and hence affect the S1 state properties. In the case of bacteriochlorophylls aggregation can also strongly decrease the S1 energy. The CMI may be considered as another influential structural feature which only moderately influences the ground-state properties of bacteriochlorophylls but strongly affects the singlet excited-state. An introduction of CMIs heavier than Mg2+ significantly improves pigments' photostabilities, however, at the expense of S1 state lifetime. Modifications of the peripheral substituents may also influence the S1 energy, and pigments' redox potentials, which in turn influence their photostability.
Safety and Feasibility of Umbilical Diverting Loop Ileostomy for Patients with Rectal Tumor (2017)

Umbilical diverting loop ileostomy is comparable to conventional ileostomy with regard to safety and feasibility. Our methods for umbilical ileostomy using the umbilical skin flap were less invasive and did not have a negative impact on stoma care and parastomal dermatitis. Umbilical ileostomy may be a promising alternative to conventional ileostomy in selected cases.
Indirect trench sidewall doping by implantation of reflected ions (1989)

Ion implantation (i/i) technology is employed for silicon trench sidewall doping. The aspect ratio of trenches for high Mbit DRAM is very large (depth/width≥10), so that very small glancing-angle i/i to sidewalls is necessary. In this case, reflected ions are large in number and are implanted to the opposite sidewall. It is very important to know the elemental depth profile in the opposite sidewall to understand the implantation mechanism. For the first time, we measured the depth profiles at several positions of the opposite trench sidewall by secondary-ion mass spectroscopy for arsenic and boron ion implantations. It is found that reflected ions are distributed near the facing region of the directly implanted region with smaller energies than the primary energy. These findings are compared with the simulations based on the marlowe program.
Evidence for thermally assisted threshold switching behavior in nanoscale phase-change memory cells (2016)

In spite of decades of research, the details of electrical transport in phase-change materials are still debated. In particular, the so-called threshold switching phenomenon that allows the current density to increase steeply when a sufficiently high voltage is applied is still not well understood, even though there is wide consensus that threshold switching is solely of electronic origin. However, the high thermal efficiency and fast thermal dynamics associated with nanoscale phase-change memory (PCM) devices motivate us to reassess a thermally assisted threshold switching mechanism, at least in these devices. The time/temperature dependence of the threshold switching voltage and current in doped Ge2Sb2Te5 nanoscale PCM cells was measured over 6 decades in time at temperatures ranging from 40 °C to 160 °C. We observe a nearly constant threshold switching power across this wide range of operating conditions. We also measured the transient dynamics associated with threshold switching as a function of the applied voltage. By using a field- and temperature-dependent description of the electrical transport combined with a thermal feedback, quantitative agreement with experimental data of the threshold switching dynamics was obtained using realistic physical parameters.
Security model for a multi-agent marketplace (2003)

A multi-agent marketplace, MAGNET (Multi AGent Negotiation Testbed), is a promising solution to conduct online combinatorial auctions. The trust model of MAGNET is somewhat different from other on-line auction systems: the mediated marketplace is a partially-trusted third party. In this paper, we identify the security vulnerabilities of MAGNET and present a solution that overcomes these weaknesses. Our solution makes use of three different existing technologies with other standard cryptographic techniques: publish/subscribe systems that provide simple and more general messaging, time-release cryptography to provide guaranteed nondisclosure of the bids, and anonymous communication to hide the identity of the bidders until the end of the auction. By doing so, we successfully minimize the trust on the market as well as increase the security of the whole system. The protocol that we have developed can be adapted for use by other agent-based auction systems, which use a third party to mediate transactions.
Morphology Study of Methane Hydrate Formation and Dissociation in the Presence of Amino Acid (2016)

Investigation of morphology of methane hydrate formation and dissociation in the presence of l-leucine amino acid was performed for the first time. Morphology changes observed during the nucleation, hydrate growth and dissociation of methane hydrates in the presence of varying concentrations of amino acid between 0.1 and 0.5 wt % are presented. In the presence of 0.3 wt % amino acid, a distinct methane bubble was observed to form after nucleation within the bulk solution that transfigured into methane hydrate during the hydrate growth phase. Hydrate crystals formed in the presence of amino acid are observed to be very flexible and expandable; this facilities the methane bubble to channel more gas inside and enlarge in the liquid solution. At higher concentrations of amino acid, greater than 0.3 wt %, mushy and indiscernible hydrate crystals were observed to drastically form in the bulk solution. We did not observe kinetic promotion at l-leucine amino acid concentrations below 0.3 wt %. Dissociation of methane hydrates in the presence of l-leucine amino acid was easy and complete in comparison to a voluminous frothy layer observed during the decomposition of methane hydrates in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant.