gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Chemoprevention of breast cancer: exemestane ready to be tested in study setting]. (2012)

Prevention of breast cancer is difficult, as most risk factors are difficult to control. Therefore, we have not been able to stop breast cancer incidence rates from rising over past decades. Chemoprevention using aromatase inhibitors, such as exemestane, may change this situation. Aromatase inhibitors are very effective and safe in preventing recurrent disease in postmenopausal breast cancer. A recent randomised placebo-controlled trial showed that in healthy women at moderately increased risk of breast cancer, use of exemestane over a 3-year period reduced the risk of breast cancer by 65%. The reduction was from 0.55% to 0.19% per year, with no adverse events or measurable effect on quality of life. If confirmed by larger studies with longer duration of follow-up, preventive use of exemestane may turn out to be the first acceptable alternative for women at increased risk of developing breast cancer. On a population level, implementation of prevention using aromatase inhibitors has the potential to reduce the incidence of breast cancer. However, currently in the Dutch population, 140 women would need to use exemestane for three years in order to prevent one invasive breast tumour. Therefore, large-scale implementation of exemestane is not advised, but the evidence is sufficient to start studies with exemestane.
Parameterized Hardware Accelerators for Lattice-Based Cryptography and Their Application to the HW/SW Co-Design of qTESLA (2020)

This paper presents a set of efficient and parameterized hardware accelerators that target post-quantum lattice-based cryptographic schemes, including a versatile cSHAKE core, a binary-search CDT-based Gaussian sampler, and a pipelined NTT-based polynomial multiplier, among others. Unlike much of prior work, the accelerators are fully open-sourced, are designed to be constant-time, and can be parameterized at compile-time to support different parameters without the need for re-writing the hardware implementation. These flexible, publicly-available accelerators are leveraged to demonstrate the first hardware-software co-design using RISC-V of the post-quantum lattice-based signature scheme qTESLA with provably secure parameters. In particular, this work demonstrates that the NIST’s Round 2 level 1 and level 3 qTESLA variants achieve over a 40-100x speedup for key generation, about a 10x speedup for signing, and about a 16x speedup for verification, compared to the baseline RISC-V software-only implementation. For instance, this corresponds to execution in 7.7, 34.4, and 7.8 milliseconds for key generation, signing, and verification, respectively, for qTESLA’s level 1 parameter set on an Artix-7 FPGA, demonstrating the feasibility of the scheme for embedded applications.
LazyNav: 3D Ground Navigation with Non-Critical Body Parts (2015)

Figure 1: We performed a user study to evaluate several ground navigation metaphors. Top-left: Top view of the virtual city, users have to follow the green path as closely as possible. Top-right: At the beginning of the session, the available motions are displayed to the user, while her rest pose is captured. Bottom: a user is travelling in the scene while holding a cup in his hand. With the growing interest in natural input devices and virtual reality, mid-air ground navigation is becoming a fundamental interaction for a large collection of application scenarios. While classical input devices (e.g., mouse/keyboard, gamepad, touchscreen) have their own ground navigation standards, natural input techniques still lack acknowledged mechanisms for travelling in a 3D scene. In particu-lar, for most applications, navigation is not the primary interaction. Thus, the user should navigate in the scene while still being able to perform other interactions with her hands, and observe the dis-played content by moving her eyes and locally rotating her head. Since most ground navigation scenarios require only two degrees of freedom to move forward or backward and rotate the view to the left or to the right, we propose LazyNav a mid-air ground naviga-tion control model which lets the users hands, eyes or local head orientation completely free, making use of a single pair of the re-maining tracked body elements to tailor the navigation. To this end, we design several navigation body motions and study their desired properties, such as being easy to discover, easy to control, socially acceptable, accurate and not tiring. We also develop several as-sumptions about motions design for ground navigation and evalu-ate them. Finally, we highlight general advices on mid-air ground navigation techniques.
Prognostic significance of platelet count in HCC patients adjusted for surrogate parameters of portal hypertension (2021)

Background Complications of portal hypertension such as ascites and variceal bleeding represent a frequent obstacle to the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it was recently shown that elevated platelet volume and low platelet count an established surrogate marker of portal hypertension, correlates with better survival in patients with advanced HCC. Due to the uncertain significance of platelet count in determining patients’ outcome, we aimed at assessing its prognostic significance by a multivariate analysis comprising independent indicators of portal hypertension.
Oxidative stress and PARP activation mediate the NADH-induced decrease in glioma cell survival. (2011)

Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) plays key roles in energy metabolism and mitochondrial functions. However, there has been little information regarding the effect of NADH on cell survival. In this study we determined the effect of NADH treatment on the survival of glioma cells. We found that treatment of C6 glioma cells with as low as 1 μM NADH for 24 hrs significantly decreased the survival of these cells, and that treatment of the cells with 1000 μM NADH for 4 days decreased the survival of the cells by nearly 90%. This effect of NADH on glioma cells appears to be mediated by oxidative stress, as indicated by our findings that NADH treatment induced an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species, and that two antioxidants, N-acetyl cysteine and Trolox, significantly attenuated the effect of NADH. We also found that NADH treatment induced an increase in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activity, and that PARP inhibitors decreased the effect of NADH on the survival of glioma cells. These observations suggest that NADH reduces the cell survival at least partially by activating PARP. Collectively, our studies demonstrated a novel biological property of NADH - NADH decreases glioma cell survival by increasing oxidative stress and PARP activation. These results also suggest that NADH may have therapeutic potential for treating gliomas.
Energy Contribution of Beverages in US Children by Age, Weight, and Consumer Status (2015)

Messaging around beverage intake may be beneficial for children of all weights, particularly for those known to consume sugar-sweetened beverages. The per-consumer estimates may represent a better measure of intakes in future examinations of 24-hour recall data.
The reaction of F + H2? HF + H. A case study in reaction dynamics (1977)

Concepts developed in recent years as a result of experimental and theoretical studies of the dynamics of reactions A + BC → AB + C are examined here in trajectory studies of the reaction F + H2→ HF + H—currently the prototype of exothermic reaction. (i) An “early” barrier, characteristic of substantially exothermic reaction, has the consequence that reagent translation is much more efficient than vibration in promoting reaction, even for energies well in excess of the barrier. (ii) High vibrational excitation in the molecular product stems from the release of H·H repulsion while the new bond, F––H, is still extended (termed “mixed energy-release”); the large zero point vibration in H2 introduces variability in the F––H extension and H·H repulsion, and consequently in the breadth of the observed product vibrational distribution. (iii) Since the product vibrational excitation is governed by the attractive plus mixed energy-release, the slope of the outrun of the energy surface is not, per se, a dominant factor governing product vibrational excitation. (iv) Enhanced reagent vibration, 〈ΔV〉, tends to be channelled into enhanced product vibration, 〈ΔV′〉; the efficiency (〈ΔV′〉= 0.81 ΔV) is dependent on the form of energy surface in the region of “corner-cutting”, corresponding to reaction through extended intermediates F––H–H. (v) Enhanced reagent translation is channelled into product translation plus rotation (〈ΔT′〉+〈ΔR′〉= 1.12 〈ΔT〉); the efficiency provides an indication of the energy required to bend and compress the intermediate FH·H. (vi) The rotational dependence of the reactive cross section, σ(J), provides a sensitive probe of the region of the potential-energy hyper-surface along the entry valley up to the barrier. (vii) Enhanced reagent rotational excitation at first decreases product vibrational excitation and then increases it according to experiment; this effect has not been reproduced theoretically. (viii) Product rotational excitation derives in large part from the release of repulsion in bent configurations: this gives rise predominantly to coplanarity and opposed directions for the product rotational and orbital motions. (ix) Enhanced reagent excitation of all sorts results in significant enhancement in product rotation, due to reaction through more-compressed and bent configurations; the most efficient conversion is from reagent rotation into product rotation (〈ΔR′〉= 1.2 〈ΔR〉). (x) For thermal (300 K) reaction the computed centre-of-mass angular distribution is sharply backward-peaked, and similar for all product vibrational levels. (xi) Enhanced reagent vibration or translation shifts the computed mean scattering angle forward, with ΔT being markedly more effective than ΔV; the “stripping threshold energy” is high, as anticipated for these masses reacting on a strongly repulsive potential-energy surface favouring collinear approach.
COKE DRUM LIFE IMPROVEMENT - A COMBINED APPROACH (2002)

Delayed coke drums are operated under severe conditions of cyclic heating and forced cooling that apply repetitive thermal stresses to the drum walls. The variable nature of the process combined with alternative operating strategies result in a wide variety of experiences for drums of similar design. The ultimate end-of-life for coke drums results when there are unacceptable amounts of circumferential through-wall cracking due to low cycle fatigue. For the past 10 years, coke drum operators have increasingly been applying various monitoring, inspection and remediation techniques to predict and try to minimize this cracking as well as improve methods of crack repair. These various technologies have already shown benefits when applied individually, but are now available in combination to further assist operators in increasing the life of their coke drums. The individual techniques that are now being combined include laser surface profiling to measure drum distortion and bulging, strain gauging to measure drum wall stresses during the heating/quench cycle , acoustic emission testing to globally inspect the drums for ID and OD connected cracks, and improved drum construction techniques for repairing or replacing sections of coke drums. These inspection, monitoring and repair technologies are individually reviewed and their benefits when applied in combination are discussed.
Abstract 1374: Impairment of JNK-IRS-1 Signaling Cascades and Cardiac Function in Fetal Heart During Overnourished Obese Sheep Pregnancy (2009)

Obese pregnant mothers may expose their children to high risk of Type 2 diabetes and myocardial hypertrophy. We hypothesize that alterations in cardiac signaling pathways and cardiac function may o...
A Review on Recent Progress of Portable Short-Range Noncontact Microwave Radar Systems (2017)

This paper reviews recent progress of portable short-range noncontact microwave radar systems for motion detection, positioning, and imaging applications. With the continuous advancements of modern semiconductor technologies and embedded computing, many functionalities that could only be achieved by bulky radar systems in the past are now integrated into portable devices with integrated circuit chips and printed circuits boards. These portable solutions are able to provide high motion detection sensitivity, excellent signal-to-noise ratio, and satisfactory range detection capability. Assisted by on-board signal processing algorithms, they can play important roles in various areas, such as health and elderly care, veterinary monitoring, human-computer interaction, structural monitoring, indoor tracking, and wind engineering. This paper reviews some system architectures and practical implementations for typical wireless sensing applications. It also discusses potential future developments for the next-generation portable smart radar systems.
Smart Fully Integrated Lab: A Smartphone‐Based Compact Miniaturized Analytical/Diagnostic Device (2020)

Abstract Despite the significant advancements in smartphone technology in Healthcare/Analytics 4.0 era, a substantial gap has still remained in moving smartphone‐based analytical/diagnostic devices (SADs) from purely analyzing systems toward smart fully integrated systems/devices that can perform all the different steps of (bio)analytical/diagnostic procedures thoroughly and with high efficiency. Here, the first smart, portable, and compact miniaturized analytical/diagnostic device is presented that integrates the main steps of (bio)analytical/diagnostic procedures, including mixing, separating/centrifuging, analyzing, and microscopy, also the Internet of Things concept onto a platform that entirely operates using smartphone. The potential applicability of the developed smart fully integrated lab (SFIL) is demonstrated for early point‐of‐care (POC) diagnosis and continuous therapy monitoring of phenylketonuria, POC testing of glucose, hematocrit, and albumin, and also diagnosis of tuberculosis. It is proved that the fabricated SFIL is amenable for clinical applications at the POC since its results are in good agreement with the results of the clinical reference methods. Given the advantageous capabilities of the developed SFIL as an efficient, easy‐to‐use, smart, cost‐effective, and portable compact miniaturized SAD, it is believed that it can revolutionize the current smartphone‐based analytical/diagnostic systems and be widely exploited at sites far from centralized laboratory facilities, resource‐limited settings, POC applications, and routine clinical/chemical laboratories.
Analysis of the growth enhancing effect of L-ascorbic acid on human leukemic cells in culture. (1980)

The effect of L-ascorbic acid (LAA) on the in vitro colony growth of leukemic cells from the marrows of patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia was studied using a modified agar culture method featuring daily feeding. In 10 of 31 patients (32%) the growth was enhanced with supplementation of LAA in culture. The average number of colonies was reduced to 26% if LAA was deleted from culture. This growth enhancing effect appears to be specific to LAA: neither glutathione which has redox potential similar to LAA nor the acidification of culture medium with HCI to the pH of medium containing LAA is effective. This effect is also selective for leukemic marrows, and normal marrow colonies are not affected over wide range of LAA concentrations (0 to 300 microM) which are achievable in human in vivo.
Electrical and Optical Properties of Transferable and Dispersible Graphene Nanostructures of Controlled Structure (2012)

Abstract not Available.
Multifaceted Sequence-Dependent and -Independent Roles for Reovirus FAST Protein Cytoplasmic Tails in Fusion Pore Formation and Syncytiogenesis (2009)

Fusogenic reoviruses utilize the FAST proteins, a novel family of nonstructural viral membrane fusion proteins, to induce cell-cell fusion and syncytium formation. Unlike the paradigmatic enveloped virus fusion proteins, the FAST proteins position the majority of their mass within and internal to the membrane in which they reside, resulting in extended C-terminal cytoplasmic tails (CTs). Using tail truncations, we demonstrate that the last 8 residues of the 36-residue CT of the avian reovirus p10 FAST protein and the last 20 residues of the 68-residue CT of the reptilian reovirus p14 FAST protein enhance, but are not required for, pore expansion and syncytium formation. Further truncations indicate that the membrane-distal 12 residues of the p10 and 47 residues of the p14 CTs are essential for pore formation and that a residual tail of 21 to 24 residues that includes a conserved, membrane-proximal polybasic region present in all FAST proteins is insufficient to maintain FAST protein fusion activity. Unexpectedly, a reextension of the tail-truncated, nonfusogenic p10 and p14 constructs with scrambled versions of the deleted sequences restored pore formation and syncytiogenesis, while reextensions with heterologous sequences partially restored pore formation but failed to rescue syncytiogenesis. The membrane-distal regions of the FAST protein CTs therefore exert multiple effects on the membrane fusion reaction, serving in both sequence-dependent and sequence-independent manners as positive effectors of pore formation, pore expansion, and syncytiogenesis.
Region Proposal Rectification Towards Robust Instance Segmentation of Biological Images (2022)

Top-down instance segmentation framework has shown its superiority in object detection compared to the bottom-up framework. While it is efficient in addressing over-segmentation, top-down instance segmentation suffers from over-crop problem. However, a complete segmentation mask is crucial for biological image analysis as it delivers important morphological properties such as shapes and volumes. In this paper, we propose a region proposal rectification (RPR) module to address this challenging incomplete segmentation problem. In particular, we offer a progressive ROIAlign module to introduce neighbor information into a series of ROIs gradually. The ROI features are fed into an attentive feed-forward network (FFN) for proposal box regression. With additional neighbor information, the proposed RPR module shows significant improvement in correction of region proposal locations and thereby exhibits favorable instance segmentation performances on three biological image datasets compared to state-of-the-art baseline methods. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed RPR module is effective in both anchor-based and anchor-free top-down instance segmentation approaches, suggesting the proposed method can be applied to general top-down instance segmentation of biological images.
Endothelial‐dependent and –independent vasodilation in cerebral resistance arteries: Effects of age and estrogen Status (2007)

At menopause, women undergo an increase in risk for cardiovascular disease. Estrogen is known to play a role in modulating vascular function and providing protective cardiovascular effects. However, it is not known whether the protective cardiovascular effects of estrogen change with age. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine effects of age and estrogen status on endothelial‐dependent and –independent vasodilation in cerebral resistance arteries. Posterior communicating arteries (PCoA) were isolated from young (6 mo), middle aged (14 mo), and old (24 mo) in control (CON) and ovariectomized (OVEX) female Fischer‐344 rats, and flow‐, acetylcholine (ACh‐), and DEA‐NONOate–induced vasodilation were assessed. Flow‐induced vasodilation (FID) of the PCoA was preserved with age in intact female rats (6 mo: 73.9 ± 5.4 % vs. 24 mo: 82.4 ± 7.1%), but OVEX rats exhibited a lower FID in contrast to intact female rats (Ovex: 68.0 ± 4.1 % vs. CON: 79.8 ± 3.6%). Endothelium‐dependent dilation to ACh declined with age (6 mo: 51.3 ± 4.5%; 14 mo: 40.0 ± 5.9%; 24 mo: 33.2 ± 4.9%); however, ACh‐induced dilation increased in OVEX young rats (Ovex: 57.4 ± 6.9% vs. CON: 45.2 ± 5.9%). No age effect was present in DEA‐NONOate treated vessels. These data suggest both age and circulating ovarian hormones are determinants of vascular reactivity in cerebral resistance arteries and influence the risk for cerebral vascular disease. Funded by NIH grant HL077224.
Safety and Pharmokinetics of Triamcinolone Hexacetonide in Rabbit Eyes (2008)

The half-life of commercially available TH in the vitreous is double that of TA, but the former is toxic to the retina in this rabbit model. Reformulated iso-osmolar TH showed no evidence of deleterious effects to retina function or structure but had a similar half-life to TA.
Learning body shape models from real-world data (2005)

Creating realistic human characters is one of the most challenging topics in computer graphics, due to the subtleties of human motion and appearance, and how sensitive we are to the appearance of our own kind. In this thesis, we will discuss methods for creating realistic, animatable models of human body surface shape, based on data acquired from the real world. We will present several algorithms for taking unstructured shape data, such as that obtained from a 3D laser range scanner, and fitting a human character model to the data.
We will focus on three main problems in human shape modeling. First, using a large corpus of individual scans, we will discuss how to analyze the data to model the individual variation in body shape between people of different body types. We present several interesting and novel synthesis methods that make the problem of creating and editing digital characters much simpler. 
Second, we will examine how an individual's body changes shape as it changes pose. Rather than explicitly modeling the underlying phenomena of bulging muscles and folding flesh, we will learn these pose-dependent deformations as arbitrary functions whose parameters can be learned from data. 
Finally, we will consider the pose-dependent and individual shape variation problems in tandem, thereby creating a shape model that can generate any body shape in any pose. Our approach is very general, and can tolerate irregular samplings in pose and individual body space.
Hyperbolic dispersion metasurfaces for molecular biosensing (2020)

Abstract Sensor technology has become increasingly crucial in medical research and clinical diagnostics to directly detect small numbers of low‐molecular‐weight biomolecules relevant for lethal diseases. In recent years, various technologies have been developed, a number of them becoming core label‐free technologies for detection of cancer biomarkers and viruses. However, to radically improve early disease diagnostics, tracking of disease progression and evaluation of treatments, today’s biosensing techniques still require a radical innovation to deliver high sensitivity, specificity, diffusion‐limited transport, and accuracy for both nucleic acids and proteins. In this review, we discuss both scientific and technological aspects of hyperbolic dispersion metasurfaces for molecular biosensing. Optical metasurfaces have offered the tantalizing opportunity to engineer wavefronts while its intrinsic nanoscale patterns promote tremendous molecular interactions and selective binding. Hyperbolic dispersion metasurfaces support high‐ k modes that proved to be extremely sensitive to minute concentrations of ultralow‐molecular‐weight proteins and nucleic acids.