gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biodegradation and Oxidation Approaches for the Demilitarization of VX Hydrolysate (2003)

Under U.S. law and the terms of the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), the U.S. Army is required to destroy its stockpile of chemical warfare agents (30,000 tons) by April 2007. Public and political opposition to incineration lead to evaluation of several alternative technologies, including biodegradation 1. These alternatives involved an initial chemical neutralization (hydrolysis) reaction that reduces the toxicity of the agents, followed by a secondary treatment that further degrades and detoxifies the hydrolysis products, some of which are also covered by the CWC (Schedule 2) 2. Because of the recalcitrant nature of some of the products (as well as the hydrolyzed explosives/propellants that could be present), the use of advanced oxidations processes (AOP) was combined with biodegradation in a variety of configurations to determine whether complete removal and detoxification of the prohibited treaty materials could be achieved. Results using UV/Peroxide and Ozone treatments, prior to or after biodegradation of caustic hydrolyzed VX will be presented. Bioreactors evaluated included sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) and immobilized cell systems.
Failure Diagnosis and Maintenance Support System Using Usage Condition of Product (2004)

The framework of the system that provides the result of failure diagnosis and the maintenance plan by using composition information and usage condition information of the product is proposed. Parts that compose the product are understood from information obtained from RFID attached to each part. The usage conditions of the product and the history of them can be recorded by a similar technology. When the changes of these information recognizes, the system dynamically inquire and collect related data from parts makers and related databases, and show the solution to user. This framework becomes one method that the enterprise provides service through the product life cycle.
“LIMBIC ENCEPHALITIS” AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH CARCINOMA (1968)

Journal Article "LIMBIC ENCEPHALITIS" AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH CARCINOMA Get access J. A. N. CORSELLIS, J. A. N. CORSELLIS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. J. GOLDBERG, G. J. GOLDBERG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. R. NORTON A. R. NORTON Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Brain, Volume 91, Issue 3, September 1968, Pages 481–496, https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/91.3.481 Published: 01 September 1968
Comparison of cardiovascular response to combined static-dynamic effort, postprandial dynamic effort and dynamic effort alone in patients with chronic ischemic heart disease. (1982)

The cardiovascular responses to combined static-dynamic effort, postprandial dynamic effort and dynamic effort alone were evaluated by upright bicycle ergometry during equilibrium-gated blood pool scintigraphy in 24 men, mean age 59 +/- 8 years, with chronic ischemic heart disease. Combined static-dynamic effort and the postprandial state elicited a peak cardiovascular response similar to that of dynamic effort alone; work load 643 +/- 156 and 638 +/- 161 vs 650 +/- 153 kg-m/min, respectively; heart rate 147 +/- 14 and 145 +/- 14 vs 143 +/- 17 beats/min; systolic pressure 195 +/- 26 and 200 +/- 25 vs 197 +/- 25 mm Hg; and rate-pressure product 286 +/- 48 and 292 +/- 55 vs 282 +/- 52. Heart rate, intraarterial systolic and diastolic pressures, rate-pressure product and ejection fraction were similar for the three test conditions at the onset of ischemia and at peak effort. The prevalence and extent of exercise-induced ischemic left ventricular dysfunction, ST-segment depression, angina pectoris and ventricular ectopic activity were also similar during the three test conditions. Direct and indirect measurements of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were highly correlated. The onset of ischemic ST-segment depression and angina pectoris correlated as strongly with heart rate alone as with the rate-pressure product during all three test conditions. The cardiovascular response to combined static-dynamic effort and to postprandial dynamic effort becomes more similar to that of dynamic effort alone as dynamic effort reaches a symptom limit. If significant ischemic and arrhythmic abnormalities are absent during symptom-limited dynamic exercise testing, they are unlikely to appear during combined static-dynamic or postprandial dynamic effort. This simplifies, the task of formulating guidelines for physical effort in patients with chronic ischemic heart disease, especially in providing "clearance" to perform avocational and vocational tasks involving combined static-dynamic and postprandial dynamic effort.
Micro-preemption synthesis: an enabling mechanism for multi-task VLSI systems (1997)

Task preemption is a critical enabling mechanism in multi-task VLSI systems. On preemption, data in the register files must be preserved in order for the task to be resumed. This entails extra memory to preserve the context and additional clock cycles to save and restore the context. In this paper, we present techniques and algorithms to incorporate micro-preemption constraints during multi-task VLSI system synthesis. Specifically, we have developed: (i) Algorithms to insert and refine preemption points in scheduled task graphs subject to preemption latency constraints. (ii) Techniques to minimize the context switch overhead by considering the dedicated registers required to save the state of a task on preemption and the shared registers required to save the remaining values in the tasks. (iii) A controller based scheme to preclude preemption related performance degradation. The effectiveness of all approaches, algorithms, and software implementations is demonstrated on real examples.
High resolution magnetic microscopy using a DC SQUID (1993)

Using a 4.2 K Nb-PbIn DC superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) with a 60- mu m inner hole side length, the authors have constructed a novel 1-D magnetic flux microscope with an unprecedented combination of spatial and magnetic field resolutions. During imaging, the sample is moved past the SQUID at a separation of about 38 mu m, and the output from the SQUID is recorded as a function of the sample position. The system achieves a spatial resolution of about 66 mu m and a magnetic field resolution of about 5.2 pTHz/sup -1/2/ at a frequency of 6 kHz. The microscope has been used to obtain susceptibility images of patterned superconducting samples in low fields, and a simple method for measuring static magnetic fields has been devised.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Renewable Energies in Historical Buildings (REHIB project) (2020)

The project REHIB (Renewable Energies in Historical Buildings) seeks to develop a decision-making tool to help in the integration of renewable energy systems for heating and cooling, into older and historical buildings architecture. In particular, sustainable and cost-effective solutions will be developed, combining integrated renewable energy sources, energy storage for active and passive uses, and smart monitoring and controls for combination and adaptation into historical (built before 1945 through pre-industrial techniques) buildings. These buildings are usually considered as low efficiency construction and are often protected by law from alteration hence, reducing energy consumption and CO2 related emissions is identified as a challenge and opportunity.
Specificity of human anti-variable heavy (VH) chain autoantibodies and impact on the design and clinical testing of a VH domain antibody antagonist of tumour necrosis factor-α receptor 1 (2015)

During clinical trials of a tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-R1 domain antibody (dAb™) antagonist (GSK1995057), infusion reactions consistent with cytokine release were observed in healthy subjects with high levels of a novel, pre-existing human anti-VH (HAVH) autoantibody. In the presence of HAVH autoantibodies, GSK1995057 induced cytokine release in vitro due to binding of HAVH autoantibodies to a framework region of the dAb. The epitope on GSK1995057 was characterized and dAbs with reduced binding to HAVH autoantibodies were generated; pharmacological comparability was determined in human in-vitro systems and in-vivo animal experiments. A Phase I clinical trial was conducted to investigate the safety and tolerability of the modified dAb (GSK2862277). A significant reduction in HAVH binding was achieved by adding a single alanine residue at the C-terminus to create GSK2862277. Screening a pool of healthy donors demonstrated a reduced frequency of pre-existing autoantibodies from 51% to 7%; in all other respects, GSK2862277 and the parent dAb were comparable. In the Phase I trial, GSK2862277 was well tolerated by both the inhaled and intravenous routes. One subject experienced a mild infusion reaction with cytokine release following intravenous dosing. Subsequently, this subject was found to have high levels of a novel pre-existing antibody specific to the extended C-terminus of GSK2862277. Despite the reduced binding of GSK2862277 to pre-existing HAVH autoantibodies, adverse effects associated with the presence of a novel pre-existing antibody response specific to the modified dAb framework were identified and highlight the challenge of developing biological antagonists to this class of receptor.
The Yin and Yang of processing data warehousing queries on GPU devices (2013)

Database community has made significant research efforts to optimize query processing on GPUs in the past few years. However, we can hardly find that GPUs have been truly adopted in major warehousing production systems. Preparing to merge GPUs to the warehousing systems, we have identified and addressed several critical issues in a three-dimensional study of warehousing queries on GPUs by varying query characteristics, software techniques, and GPU hardware configurations. We also propose an analytical model to understand and predict the query performance on GPUs. Based on our study, we present our performance insights for warehousing query execution on GPUs. The objective of our work is to provide a comprehensive guidance for GPU architects, software system designers, and database practitioners to narrow the speed gap between the GPU kernel execution (the fast mode) and data transfer to prepare GPU execution (the slow mode) for high performance in processing data warehousing queries. The GPU query engine developed in this work is open source to the public.
Work functions and valence band states of pristine and Cs-intercalated single-walled carbon nanotube bundles (2000)

The electronic structures and the work functions of pristine and Cs-intercalated single-walled carbon nanotube bundles were investigated using ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy. The valence bands of the pristine bundles were considerably altered from those of graphite. A spectral shift to the higher binding energy side was observed in the Cs-intercalated sample. The work function of the pristine bundles was found to be 4.8 eV, which is 0.1–0.2 eV larger than that of graphite. A drastic decrease of the work function to about 2.4 eV was observed in the Cs-intercalated sample.
The Halo Effect: Suppression of Pink Bollworm on Non-Bt Cotton by Bt Cotton in China (2012)

In some previously reported cases, transgenic crops producing insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have suppressed insect pests not only in fields planted with such crops, but also regionally on host plants that do not produce Bt toxins. Here we used 16 years of field data to determine if Bt cotton caused this "halo effect" against pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella) in six provinces of the Yangtze River Valley of China. In this region, the percentage of cotton hectares planted with Bt cotton increased from 9% in 2000 to 94% in 2009 and 2010. We found that Bt cotton significantly decreased the population density of pink bollworm on non-Bt cotton, with net decreases of 91% for eggs and 95% for larvae on non-Bt cotton after 11 years of Bt cotton use. Insecticide sprays targeting pink bollworm and cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) decreased by 69%. Previously reported evidence of the early stages of evolution of pink bollworm resistance to Bt cotton in China has raised concerns that if unchecked, such resistance could eventually diminish or eliminate the benefits of Bt cotton. The results reported here suggest that it might be possible to find a percentage of Bt cotton lower than the current level that causes sufficient regional pest suppression and reduces the risk of resistance.
Mini-graph processing (2008)

For years, single-thread performance was the most dominant force driving processor development. In recent years, however, the poor scaling of single-thread super-scalar performance and power concerns coupled with the ever-increasing number of transistors available on chip has changed the focus from single-thread performance to thread-level parallelism running on multi-core designs. The trend is for these cores to be narrower with smaller windows. This dissertation addresses the question of how to maintain—and, ideally, improve—single-thread performance under such constraints. 
Mini-graph processing is a form of instruction fusion—the grouping of multiple operations into a single processing unit—that increases the instruction-per-cycle (IPC) throughput of dynamically scheduled superscalar processors in an efficient way. Mini-graphs are compiler-identified aggregates of multiple instructions that look and behave like singleton instructions at every pipeline stage, except for execute—there the constituent operations are retrieved and performed serially micro-code style. A mini-graph processor exploits instruction fusion to increase the efficiency of pipeline stages and structures that perform instruction book-keeping. 
This dissertation describes a mini-graph architecture and evaluates it using cycle-level simulation. A superscalar processor enhanced with mini-graphs can match the performance otherwise achieved with a wider, deeper superscalar processor. Experiments show that across four benchmark suites, the addition of mini-graph processing allows a dynamically scheduled 3-wide superscalar processor to match the IPC of a 4-wide superscalar machine.
Bioconductor: Open Software Development for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (2007)

The Bioconductor project is an initiative for the collaborative creation of the extensible software for computational biology and bioinformatics. The goals of the project include: fostering collaborative development and widespread use of innovative software, reducing barriers to entry into interdisciplinary scientific research, and promoting the achievement of remote reproducibility of research results. We describe details of our aims and methodes, identify current challenges, compare Bioconductor to other open bioinformatics projects, and provide working examples.
Research on Design of Mobility Tool for Severely Disabled People (1st Report, Proposal of Vehicle Design Concept Based on Users' Demand) (2004)

The disabled can acquire driving licenses, if they have physical ability to transfer from wheelchair to car seat, and also to drive it with steering wheel, even if it requires any special supporting devices. However, transferring to a vehicle and driving with a steering wheel are very difficult tasks for people with severe disabilities such as damage on the cervical vertebrae, and therefore they are not able to acquire driving licenses. As a result, they do not have any mobility tools other than powered wheelchairs, which means their traveling ranges are limited. If they use automobiles that they can get on easily from their wheelchairs, and they can drive by joystick instead of steering wheel, it is greatly expected that their quality of life must be raised. This paper proposes such type of vehicle named EVD, and design of prototype and examines its feasibility and effectiveness.
Thickness Effect of Fluorescent Screen on Energy Resolution of Parallel Detection EELS for an UHVEM (1988)

In the parallel detection system for EELS, the energy resolution of spectra depends on the characteristics of the fluorescent screen which converts the electron spectrum into the photon signal. We tested the various kinds of screens made by fluorescent powders or a YAG single crystal, and measured their luminous region as a function of the screen thickness with the 500 kV electron beam. When the screen is thicker than 70–80 μm, the FWHM is proportional to the thickness. However, there is a certain saturation value (∼55 μm) of luminous width for the thin screens, and this value is larger than the electron beam size.
Abstract 3768: Comparison of breast density measured by dual energy x-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) with mammographic density among adult women (2010)

Abstract Mammographic density, the distribution of fat, connective, and epithelial tissues in the female breast, is strongly associated with breast cancer and has been used as a biomarker for breast cancer risk among adult women. While use of mammography is limited due to concerns about radiation exposure, Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), commonly available in medical care settings, has very low radiation. In this analysis, we compared breast density measured by DXA with mammographic density among adult women. We recruited 101 participants aged 30 years and older with a normal mammogram (defined as BIRADS categories 1 through 3) through Kaiser Permanente Hawaii. After completing a questionnaire asking for demographic, reproductive, anthropometric, and medical information, all women received DXA scans of both breasts, as well as of the whole body, using a GE Lunar Prodigy Bone Densitometer. On the DXA scans, the breast image was manually outlined and the following measures were computed: percent fibroglandular volume density (% FGV), absolute fibroglandular volume, total breast area, and volume. After digitizing the most recent craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral (ML) mammograms, total breast area, dense area, and percent density were estimated using a computer-assisted method (Cumulus). For the overall population, mean % FGV was 38.8±14.3%, and mean percent density was 31.9±18.2% for CC views and 28.3±16.2% for ML views. Both DXA and mammographic measures showed high correlations between left and right breasts ranging from 0.85 to 0.98 (p &amp;lt;0.0001). When comparing DXA and mammographic measures, the correlation coefficients between % FGV and percent density were 0.76 for both CC and ML views (p &amp;lt;0.0001). Associations with common risk factors showed similar patterns for DXA and mammographic densities; in particular, the inverse associations with BMI and age at menarche were evident for both methods. Multilinear regression with stepwise selection indicated an explained variance of 0.57 for % FGV alone and 0.58 for % FGV plus parity. The current comparison suggests that DXA has the potential to provide a low-radiation option to evaluate breast density for women who do not undergo mammography. This may allow improved individualized risk assessment to identify women for targeted prevention strategies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3768.
Muscle Relaxants for Low Back Pain (2007)

Dr. Gevirtz is Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University-New Orleans, LA, and Medical Director, Somnia Pain Management, 627 West Street, Harrison, NY 10528; E-mail: [email protected]. Dr. Gevirtz has disclosed that he has no significant relationships with or financial interests in any commercial organizations pertaining to this educational activity.
The Roles of Picornavirus Untranslated Regions in Infection and Innate Immunity (2018)

Viral genomes have evolved to maximize their potential of overcoming host defense mechanisms and to induce a variety of disease syndromes. Structurally, a genome of a virus consists of coding and noncoding regions, and both have been shown to contribute to initiation and progression of disease. Accumulated work in picornaviruses has stressed out the importance of the noncoding RNAs, or untranslated 5'- and 3'-regions (UTRs), in both replication and translation of viral genomes. Unsurprisingly, defects in these processes have been reported to cause viral attenuation and affect viral pathogenicity. However, substantial evidence suggests that these untranslated RNAs may influence the outcome of the host innate immune response. This review discusses the involvement of 5'- and 3'-terminus UTRs in induction and regulation of host immunity and its consequences for viral life cycle and virulence.
Mapping of the Hepatitis B Virus Reverse Transcriptase TP and RT Domains by Transcomplementation for Nucleotide Priming and by Protein-Protein Interaction (1999)

Hepadnavirus polymerases initiate reverse transcription in a protein-primed reaction. We previously described a complementation assay for analysis of the roles of the TP and RT domains of HBV reverse transcriptase (pol) in the priming reaction. Independently expressed TP and RT domains form a complex functional for in vitro priming reactions. To map the minimal functional TP and RT domains, we prepared baculoviruses expressing amino- and carboxyl-terminal deletions of both the TP and RT domains and analyzed the proteins for the ability to participate in transcomplementation for the priming reaction. The minimal TP domain spanned amino acids 20 to 175; however, very little activity was observed without a TP domain spanning amino acids 1 to 199. The minimal RT domain spanned amino acids 300 to 775; however, little activity was observed unless the carboxyl end of the RT domain extended to amino acid 800. Thus, most of the RNase H domain was required. In previous studies, we observed a TP inhibitory domain between amino acids 199 and 344. The current analysis narrowed this domain to residues 300 to 334, which is a portion of the minimal RT domain. In addition, the ability of TP and RT deletion mutants to form stable TP-RT complexes was examined in coimmunoprecipitation assays. The minimal TP and RT domains capable of protein-protein interaction were considerably smaller than the domains required for functional interaction in the transcomplementation assays, and unlike priming activity, TP-RT interaction did not require the epsilon RNA stem-loop. These studies help to further define the complex protein-protein interactions required in HBV genome replication.