gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relationship between p53 Overexpression and Gastric Cancer Progression (1997)

The relationship between p53 overexpression and clinicopathologic variables in gastric cancer was evaluated using 304 paraffin-embedded gastric tumor tissues. DO7, a murine monoclonal antiserum to p53 protein, was used for the immunohistochemical analysis. Positive staining was found in 129 tumors (42.2% of all tumors). Overexpression of p53 was not associated with sex, location of the tumor in the stomach or the type of Borrman's tumor. The overexpression rate of p53 protein was 30.4% (28/92) in stage II and 47.6% (101/212) in stage III (p = 0.007). While there was no significant association between p53 protein accumulation and T stage, there was a significant association with N stage, i.e. p53 overexpression was 27.4% (17/62) in the node-negative group and 46.3% (112/242) in the node-positive group (p = 0.011). In 79 patients, in whom corresponding primary gastric tumor and regional lymph node metastases were available, overexpression was found in 34 (43%) primary tumors and in 38 (48.1%) node samples, with a concordance rate of 67.1% in terms of p53 expression. Mean numbers of regional lymph node involvement by the tumor were 6.1 in the group with p53 overexpression and 5.2 in the group showing no immunoreactivity (p = 0.051). These findings suggest that p53 overexpression is related to gastric cancer progression and that immunoreactivity in the metastatic lymph nodes show the dependency on p53 expression in the primary tumor.
Modulation of FcγRI (CD64) Ligand Binding by Blocking Peptides of Periplakin (2004)

FcgammaRI requires both the intracellular domain of the alpha-chain and associated leukocyte Fc receptor (FcR) gamma-chains for its biological function. We recently found the C terminus of periplakin to selectively interact with the cytoplasmic domain of the FcgammaRI alpha-chain. It thereby enhances the capacity of FcgammaRI to bind, internalize, and present antigens on MHC class II. Here, we characterized the domains involved in FcgammaRI-periplakin interaction using truncated and alanine-substituted FcgammaRI mutants and randomly mutagenized periplakin. This allowed us to design TAT peptides that selectively interfered with endogenous FcgammaRI-periplakin interactions. The addition of these peptides to FcgammaRI-expressing cells modulated FcgammaRI ligand binding, as assessed by erythrocyte-antibody-rosetting. These data support a dominant-negative role of C-terminal periplakin for FcgammaRI biological activity and implicate periplakin as a novel regulator of FcgammaRI in immune cells.
Antibody Secreting Cell Responses following Vaccination with Bivalent Oral Cholera Vaccine among Haitian Adults (2016)

Immunization with the BivWC oral cholera vaccine induced ASC responses among a cohort of healthy adults in Haiti after a single dose. The second dose of vaccine resulted in minimal ASC responses over baseline, suggesting that the current dosing schedule may not be optimal for boosting mucosal immune responses to V. cholerae antigens for adults in a cholera-endemic area.
Polarisation mode dispersion: Large scale comparisonof Jones matrix eigenanalysisagainst interferometric measurement techniques (1996)

A comparison of polarisation mode dispersion (PMD) measurements between the Jones matrix eigenanalysis and the interferometric technique is presented. A large range of PMD delays between 0.1 and 20 ps have been taken into account. The results show a very good agreement in the range up to 5 ps. The slope of a linear fit deviates &lt;3 % from unity. Taking into account the values in the higher range up to 20 ps, a deviation of 13% from unity is obtained.
Full-Chip Layout Optimization for Process Margin Enhancement Using Model-Based Hotspot Fixing System (2010)

As the design rule of integrated circuits is shrinking rapidly, it is necessary to use low- k 1 lithography technologies. With low- k 1 lithography, even if aggressive optical proximity correction is adopted, many sites become marginless spots, known as “hotspots”. For this problem, hotspot fixer (HSF) in design-for-manufacturability flow has been studied. In our previous work, we indicated the feasibility of layout modification using a simple line/space sizing rule for metal layers in 65-nm-node logic devices. However, in view of the continuous design-rule shrinkage and design complication, a more flexible modification method has become necessary to fix various types of hotspots. In this work, we have developed a brute-force model-based HSF. To further reduce the processing time, the hybrid flow of rule- and model-based HSFs is studied. The feasibility of such hybrid flow is studied by applying it to the full-chip layout modification of a logic test chip.
Asymmetric dimethylation of Ribosomal S6 Kinase 2 regulates its cellular localisation and pro-survival function (2022)

Abstract Ribosomal S6 Kinases (S6Ks) are critical regulators of cell growth, homeostasis, and survival, with dysregulation of these kinases being associated with various malignancies. While S6K1 has been extensively studied, S6K2 has been neglected despite its reported involvement in cancer progression. Protein arginine methylation is a widespread post-translational modification regulating a plethora of biological responses in mammalian cells. Here we report that p54-S6K2 is asymmetrically dimethylated at Arg-475 and Arg-477, two conserved residues within the AT-hook motif of the S6K2 family and some AT-hook-containing proteins. We demonstrate that PRMT1, PRMT3, and PRMT6 bind to and methylate S6K2 in vitro and in vivo . This methylation localises S6K2 to the nucleus where it rescues cells from starvation-induced cell death. Taken together, our findings highlight a novel mechanism regulating the biological function of p54-S6K2 that may be relevant to cancer where Arg-methylation is often found elevated.
Comparison of indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of toxoplasma antibody. (1981)

Eighty samples of human serum were tested for antibody to Toxoplasma gondii by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). Development of ELISA suggested that accurate results could only be obtained with serial serum dilutions. ELISA and IIF tests showed a significant degree of correlation, but ELISA was found to be more sensitive: 17% of 24 sera showing negative IIF values showed slightly positive ELISA titres.
Altered regulation of mesenchymal cell senescence promotes pathological changes associated with diabetic wound healing (2021)

Abstract Pathologic diabetic wound healing is caused by sequential and progressive deterioration of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and resolution/remodeling. Cellular senescence promotes physiological wound process; however, diabetic wounds exhibit low levels of senescent factors and accumulate senescent cells, which impair the healing process. In this study, we demonstrate that the number of p15 INK4B + senescent PDGFR-α + mesenchymal cells in adipose tissue transiently increases in early phases of wound healing in non-diabetic mice and humans. Transplantation of adipose tissue from diabetic mice into non-diabetic mice results in wound healing impairment and an alteration in the cellular senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), suggesting that insufficient induction of adipose tissue senescence after injury is a pathological mechanism of diabetic wound healing. These results give novel insight into how regulation of senescence in adipose tissue contributes to the wound healing process and provide the basis for the development of therapeutic approaches for wound healing impairment in diabetes.
Kinetics of the oxidation of Zn foils in air atmosphere (2010)

The formation kinetics of ZnO thin films grown by oxidation of polycrystalline Zn foils in air atmosphere at temperatures below the melting point is reported. Previous to the oxidation process the Zn foils were polished to produce mirror-like finished surfaces. The growth rate of the ZnO films was monitored by ellipsometric measurements. The growth rate of the ZnO films under 100 nm follows a linear and parabolic behavior in accordance with previously reported studies. The thicknesses of the films strongly influence the appearance of the final produced ZnO surface. The ZnO films surfaces with thicknesses less than 100 nm resulted uniform with low rms roughness. However as the films become thicker the rms roughness increased and a uniform distribution of whiskers was observed. X-ray diffraction and photoluminescence (PL) studies were done on the ZnO films to find out their structural and optical characteristics. PL spectra on the films are composed by two main bands; a weak near-band gap in the ultraviolet region and a strong but well defined green band. A discussion is included on the origins of the observed PL spectra.
Automatic 2D to 3D video and image conversion based on global depth map (2015)

3d technology brings a new era of entertainment to the human race. It offered a wide array of possibilities in near future in almost every walk of life and in entertainment segment. 3D content generation is the important step in 3D systems. Special cameras such as stereoscopic dual camera, depth range camera etc. are designed to generate the 3D model of a scene directly. There are different techniques to generate the 3D content. But the problem is our current and past media data are in 2D which needs to convert into 3D. This is where the importance of 2D to 3D transformation arises. In this paper proposed real time 3D image and video creation by depth map estimation. Depth map estimation can be done in two methods. One is based on depth fusion method and other is based on saliency map of an image. In dataset image estimate the depth map from depth fusion method and then depth is refined by color spatial variance. In non dataset images we find depth map by global saliency method. Experimental result demonstrates that the proposed technique convey better performance compared to the state-of-the-art of methods.
Fabrication of complex three-dimensional nanostructures using focused ion beam and nanomanipulation (2010)

In this article, the authors present a fabrication/assembly method that grants the ability to create complex three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures. This method uses a combination of micro- and nanomachining capabilities with a focused ion beam (FIB) and six degrees of freedom (DOFs) 3D nanomanipulator. A dual beam of scanning electron microscope and a FIB system was used to ion beam mill a silicon piece in order to create tethered structures. Various 3D structures were further processed by the ion beam milling process and platinum chemical vapor deposition unit to form sub-100-nm features. The gas assisted deposition system was used to create a convex shape on the nanoairplane using the gray scale image digital patterning system. The six DOFs nanomanipulator was used to pick, rotate, and place the nanoflags onto the FIB defined Texas and United States maps made by the FIB. In addition, a multiwalled carbon nanotube was used as a flag pole, and then it was attached to a scanning probe microscope tip. The tip was then actuated to tapping mode to demonstrate the nanoflag waving. The assembly technique was also utilized to manipulate individual 100 nm polystyrene microspheres.
Examining use of a cylinder cleaner to facilitate plastic removal in a cotton gin (2015)

<abstract> <b>Abstract.</b> US produced cotton is among the cleanest available in the world. However, in more recent years low, but increasing, levels of sheet plastic contamination has been detected in US cotton. Normal cotton cleaning equipment has been shown to fail to remove significant portions of the plastic which enters the gin. Therefore, this study was initiated to determine if adjustments to the normal operation of existing gin machines would result in greater removal of plastic pieces. A research-scale cylinder cleaner was operated with different levels of air flow, seed cotton processing rate, cylinder rotation speed, size of plastic pieces and two cotton cultivars. Plastic removal rates and lint losses were measured. The data for the lint losses has not been completely analyzed at this time. The seed cotton processing rate and cotton cultivar did not significantly affect the plastic removal rate. Increasing the air flow rate, decreasing the cylinder speed, and decreasing the size of the plastic pieces resulted in increased plastic removal from the seed cotton. An equation was developed to predict the plastic removal rate given the air flow rate, cylinder rotation speed, and plastic size.
Genetic variation among 129 substrains: practical consequences (1997)

We designed a series of experiments to define the role of IFN-gamma in cellular interactions mediating graft rejection by assessing the rejection of H-Y disparate grafts in both ligand and receptor knockout mice and their control inbred strain. In the course of these studies it became apparent that neither knockout strain is histocompatible with the putative control and that the putative control is not histocompatible with either knockout strain. In the process of deducing why this might be so, it became apparent that the putative control is not an inbred strain of mouse. Thus, in the absence of rigorous genetic control, the utility of such knockout strains of mice for assessing the effects of cytokines and receptors in transplantation and autoimmunity is limited.
P1–211: Megalin mediates brain uptake of circulating leptin through blood–CSF barrier (2006)

The mechanisms of leptin transport into CNS are complex and not completely understood. It has been assumed that leptin binds at choroid plexus (blood–CSF barrier) and brain endothelial cells (blood–brain barrier), where a high expression of the short form of leptin is found. Because the mechanism of leptin entry into the brain is still unknown, we have decided to investigate the receptor involved in the leptin passage from the blood to the brain. Using highly efficient lentivirus vector, we have manipulated megalin expression at choroid plexus level getting the control over the leptin transport. The present results indicate that uptake of serum leptin by the brain is mediated by megalin at choroid plexus level. We have observed that megalin is downregulated in physiological and pathological situations, including age and Alzheimer's disease, and these situations correlate with low transport of leptin across the CSF barrier and restricted uptake into the brain. We show that leptin is binding and transported through the choroid plexus epithelium, and the presence of megalin in these cells is essential to the passage of leptin to the CSF, and to the brain parenchyma, as we have demonstrated blocking the megalin expression by siRNA. This observation has been corroborated both in vivo, and in vitro measuring leptin passage though a choroid plexus monolayer. Our findings describe a new leptin transport mechanism at the choroid plexus level, mediated by megalin, and regulating uptake of leptin into the CSF, which could potentially contribute to therapeutic effects of exogenous leptin. Our observations may lead to new therapeutic approaches and help explain previous findings of neuroprotective actions of leptin after peripheral administration.
Reduction of FODMAP content by bioprocessing (2020)

Fermentable oligo- di- and mono-saccharides and polyols, abbreviated as FODMAP, are components of several plant-based foods as well as milk. The FODMAPs include fructans and galacto-oligosaccharides, lactose, fructose, and sugar alcohols. Ingestion of FODMAPs may trigger gastrointestinal symptoms in people with functional bowel disorders, such as the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Studies have shown that a low-FODMAP diet improves symptoms of IBS. However, restricting the intake of FODMAP-rich foods is problematic, since many of them are rich in components important for health, such as dietary fibre, vitamins and minerals. This review describes the possibility of targeted FODMAP removal from foods by bioprocessing. Since the source of majority of FODMAPs are plant-based foods, such as fruits, grains, pulses and vegetables, FODMAP reduction by bioprocessing is also of interest in terms of the transition to more plant-based diets. Levels of galacto-oligosaccharides, fructans and lactose can be significantly reduced by enzymatic treatment, fermentation and germination. Enzyme-aided FODMAP reduction is typically specific, whereas during fermentation and germination several enzymes are active, which may influence food characteristics via polymer degradation and metabolite formation. Enzymatic processing and fermentation can usually be implemented in hours, whereas germination is relatively slow process, taking days. Implications of targeted FODMAP reduction in foods by bioprocessing should be considered in particular from nutritional, sensory and tolerance perspectives.
Dimensional Effects of the Magnetic Film on Coplanar Transmission Line for RF Noise Suppression (2004)

We fabricated the radio frequency (RF) integrated noise suppressor by integration of the various dimensions of the CoNbZr magnetic film on the coplanar transmission line using the microlithography process. The RF noise suppressor was composed of a magnetic film (CoNbZr)/polyimide/Cu transmission line/seed layer (Ti/Cu)/glass substrate. The CoNbZr magnetic films (4/spl pi/Ms: /spl sim/10 kG, H/sub k/: 8.5 Oe, /spl rho/: 120 /spl mu//spl Omega/ cm, freq./sub FMR/: 0.8 GHz) are deposited by RF sputtering. The signal attenuation on the transmission line was estimated by the S-parameters (S/sub 11/,S/sub 21/) up to 20 GHz. In case of the 2000-/spl mu/m-wide, 15-mm-long, and 2-/spl mu/m-thick magnetic film, the magnitude of the signal attenuation at resonance (dip) point was increased by about -56 dB than that of the coplanar transmission line without the magnetic film. By decreasing the width of the magnetic film from 2000 to 200 /spl mu/m, the magnitudes of the signal attenuation were similar to each other. However, in the case of the 50-/spl mu/m-wide magnetic film, the signal was attenuated only a little. These results are deeply related with the width of signal line (50 /spl mu/m). The eddy current loss was increased as the magnetic film became longer. This implies that signal attenuation over resonance frequency depends on the volume of the magnetic film due to the eddy current loss.
Restriction of Axonal Retraction and Promotion of Axonal Regeneration by Chronically Injured Neurons after Intraspinal Treatment with Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) (2003)

The response of supraspinal neurons to acute or delayed treatment with GDNF following a spinal cord injury was examined. A cervical level 3 hemisection lesion cavity was created by tissue aspiration in adult, female rats. In one experiment gel foam saturated with GDNF was placed into the lesion cavity immediately after injury to determine if the extent of axonal retraction was affected by neurotrophic factor treatment. One week prior to sacrifice animals received a microinjection of biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) into the red nucleus and reticular formation to label descending spinal pathways by anterograde transport mechanisms. Animals were sacrificed 1 or 4 weeks after injury and treatment with GDNF. The terminal end of injured BDA-labeled rubrospinal and reticulospinal tract axons was identified and the distance from the lesion was measured. In comparison to PBS-treated animals, GDNF-treatment resulted in a significant decrease in the extent of axonal retraction of both rubrospinal and reticulospinal tract axons at 1 week after spinal cord injury for both tracts. At 4 weeks after injury the mean distance from the lesion was less than 240 microm following GDNF-treatment for both tracts, compared to over 480 microm following PBS-treatment. In the second experiment injured supraspinal neurons were labeled by retrograde transport of True Blue that had been placed into the lesion cavity. One month later scar tissue was removed from the cavity by aspiration to enlarge the cavity by approximately 500 microm in a rostral direction. GDNF-saturated gel foam was placed into the cavity for 60 min prior to apposition of an autologous peripheral nerve (PN) graft to the rostral cavity wall. One month later Nuclear Yellow was applied to the distal end of the PN graft and animals were sacrificed after 2 days. The number of supraspinal neurons containing both True Blue and Nuclear Yellow was counted as a measure of axonal regeneration by chronically injured neurons. There was a seven-fold increase in the number of regenerating neurons after GDNF-treatment, with the majority (65%) of dual-labeled neurons located within the reticular formation. These results indicate that GDNF has neuroprotective effects when provided acutely after injury and promotes axonal regeneration when provided in a chronic injury situation.
Heart Failure in Southeast Asia: Facts and Numbers (2015)

Southeast Asia is home to a growing population of >600 million people, the majority younger than 65 years, but among whom, rapid epidemiological transition has led to high rates of premature death from non-communicable diseases (chiefly cardiovascular disease) (up to 28% in the Philippines vs. 12% in UK). There is a strikingly high prevalence of stage A heart failure (HF) risk factors in Southeast Asia, particularly hypertension (>24% in Cambodia and Laos vs. 13-15% in UK and USA), tobacco smoking (>36% in Indonesia), physical inactivity (>50% in Malaysia) and raised blood glucose (10-11% in Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand) in spite of a low prevalence of overweight/obesity (21-26% in Southeast Asia vs. 67-70% in UK and USA). Accordingly, the prevalence of symptomatic HF appears to be higher in Southeast Asian countries compared with the rest of the world. Epidemiologic trends in Singapore showed a sharp 38% increase in age-adjusted HF hospitalizations (from 85.4 per 10 000 in 1991 to 110.3 per 10 000 in 1998) with notable ethnic differences (hospitalization rates ~35% higher in Malays and Indians vs. Chinese; mortality 3.5 times higher in Malays vs. Indians and Chinese). Furthermore, Southeast Asian patients present with acute HF at a younger age (54 years) compared with USA patients (75 years) but have more severe clinical features, higher rates of mechanical ventilation, longer lengths of stay (6 vs. 4.2 days) and higher in-hospital mortality (4.8 vs. 3.0%). Finally, there is under-usage of guideline-recommended HF medical therapies (prescribed in 31-63% of patients upon discharge) and device therapies in Southeast Asia. Large gaps in knowledge that need to be addressed in Southeast Asia include the prevalence of HF with preserved ejection fraction, clinical outcomes, barriers to recommended therapies and their cost-effectiveness, as well as possible ethnicity-specific pathophysiologic mechanisms.
Study on shape-memory behavior of polyether-based polyurethanes. II. Influence of soft-segment molecular weight (1998)

Polyurethanes (PUs) of a suitable molar ratio of monomers were found to have shape-memory behavior. In this study, four series of PUs were synthesized by 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), 1,4-butanediol (BD), and various molecular weights of poly(tetramethylene oxide)glycol (PTMO) to study the influence of the soft segment (PTMO) on the shape-memory behavior of PUs. The investigation on thermal and dynamic mechanical properties was performed using DSC and DMA; then, the morphology of the PUs was directly observed by TEM. At the range of the individual glass transition, a similar recovering behavior was found from the deformed specimen that contained the same composition but different molecular weights of PTMO. However, the phase separation between the soft and the hard segments of the PUs would influence their shape-memory behavior. On the other hand, a large number of the dispersed phase of the PUs would delay the recovery rate of the deformed specimens using a high molecular weight PTMO. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 1575–1586, 1998