gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A national analysis of the content knowledge of Turkish physical education teacher education students (2020)

Background: Content knowledge is universally acknowledged as one of several knowledge bases that inform pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). Content knowledge has been both hypothesized and demonstrated to influence PCK in two ways. First, teachers must know the rules, safety, etiquette, technique, and tactics of a movement form to teach it. This domain of content knowledge is called common content knowledge (CCK), that is the knowledge that one needs to perform the content. Second, in addition teachers must also know how to select, design, and represent instructional tasks that describe the rules, safety, etiquette, techniques, and tactics to students in ways that they will understand and respond to errors by students in terms of rules, safety, etiquette, techniques, and tactics, that is called specialized content knowledge (SCK) for physical education.Purpose: This study examined the effects of teacher training on the levels of soccer and gymnastics CCK and SCK that preservice teachers learn in physical education teacher education (PETE) programs.Method: Participants were 1514 undergraduate physical education teacher education students (i.e. freshman n = 435; sophomore n = 397; junior n = 383; senior n = 299) enrolled in 16 universities that were representative of all geographical regions of Turkey. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted to examine the depth of CCK and SCK. To measure the depth of CCK, we used validated multiple-choice soccer and gymnastics tests. Content maps were used to examine the depth of SCK. To analyze the differences in the CCK and SCK scores of soccer and gymnastics at each grade level, a one-way ANOVA test, and Bonferroni follow-up test was used. To compare the differences between the entrance and exit CCK and SCK levels, t-test was utilized. In addition, we conducted an analysis of content class syllabi and interviews with the instructors (soccer n = 8; gymnastics n = 9) to determine the extent to which the content and delivery of the courses distinguished between CCK and SCK.Findings: Regardless of the grade level, PETE students’ CCK scores were below the success criterion of 60% that is being used in the Turkish Higher Education system (the soccer CCK = 51.85%; the gymnastics CCK = 49.91%). In terms of SCK, scores were below the 3.0 benchmark of adequate SCK (the soccer SCK = 0.23; the gymnastics SCK = 0.20). Despite the significance of differences between CCK and SCK scores among grade levels, the scores were very low showing little content knowledge.Conclusion: Freshman data showed that neither CCK nor SCK in soccer and gymnastics were acquired at meaningful levels upon entering PETE programs. The students in PETE programs examined in this study demonstrated limited improvement in CCK and SCK from freshmen to seniors. Turkish PETE programs must be redesigned to teach each domain of content knowledge. Results of this study may help to change the prevalent, though incorrect, mindset that students obtain CCK and SCK by learning how to perform a sport.
Step by Step (1998)

Die Umweltpolitik hot sich Produkten zugewendet, wie die Schlagworte Produktverantwortung, Responsible Care oder Lebenszyklusdenken zeigen. Gleichzeitig erhielten "weiche" Instrumente wie EMAS in der Umweltpolitik eine wachsende Bedeutung. Ist im Sinne einer Verknüpfung ein verbesserter Produktbezug von EMAS angezeigt und wie könnte dieser erfolgen?
The NIST CTS Speaker Recognition Challenge (2022)

The US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has been conducting a second iteration of the CTS challenge since August 2020. The current iteration of the CTS Challenge is a leaderboard-style speaker recognition evaluation using telephony data extracted from the unexposed portions of the Call My Net 2 (CMN2) and Multi-Language Speech (MLS) corpora collected by the LDC. The CTS Challenge is currently organized in a similar manner to the SRE19 CTS Challenge, offering only an open training condition using two evaluation subsets, namely Progress and Test. Unlike in the SRE19 Challenge, no training or development set was initially released, and NIST has publicly released the leaderboards on both subsets for the CTS Challenge. Which subset (i.e., Progress or Test) a trial belongs to is unknown to challenge participants, and each system submission needs to contain outputs for all of the trials. The CTS Challenge has also served, and will continue to do so, as a prerequisite for entrance to the regular SREs (such as SRE21). Since August 2020, a total of 53 organizations (forming 33 teams) from academia and industry have participated in the CTS Challenge and submitted more than 4400 valid system outputs. This paper presents an overview of the evaluation and several analyses of system performance for some primary conditions in the CTS Challenge. The CTS Challenge results thus far indicate remarkable improvements in performance due to 1) speaker embeddings extracted using large-scale and complex neural network architectures such as ResNets along with angular margin losses for speaker embedding extraction, 2) extensive data augmentation, 3) the use of large amounts of in-house proprietary data from a large number of labeled speakers, 4) long-duration fine-tuning.
A Rolls‐Royce Perspective on Concepts and Technologies for Future Green Propulsion Systems (2015)

Competitive, economic, and environmental pressures will place an ever‐increasing demand on improving the fuel burn efficiency of future civil aircraft propulsion systems. This chapter presents a perspective on opportunities being investigated by the civil aviation industry to reduce environmental impact, and describes novel engine and propulsor concepts and technologies that present the opportunity to significantly reduce aircraft fuel burn and meet future market expectations and environmental requirements, drawing in particular on examples from the ongoing work and strategy being pursued by Rolls‐Royce. The novel features of the Rolls‐Royce Trent XWB engine that contributes to its world‐leading fuel efficiency are described, before introducing the next generation of Rolls‐Royce propulsion system architectures, the Advance and UltraFan™, and the technologies and demonstration programmes that underpin them. Long‐term targets require more radical propulsion system solutions, and the chapter discusses some of the most interesting novel concepts being studied by the industry, including heat‐exchange cycles, interturbine combustion, pressure‐gain combustion, cryo‐fuel cycles, and distributed and hybrid/turboelectric propulsion.
Bi substitution effects on Sb/sub 2/Te/sub 3/ thin films (2003)

We have investigated the structural and thermoelectric properties of (Sb/sub 1-x/Bi/sub x/)/sub 2/Te/sub 3/ MBE grown thin films on CdTe(111). Analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns (/spl theta/-2/spl theta/ scans and rocking curves) of the films shows that they are of high quality and that they are well aligned with their (00.l) axis normal to the substrates. Measurements of the temperature-dependent thermoelectric power of the films were performed with respect to the binary composition of Sb and Bi, x. For the samples in the range 0.2<x<0.3, the room temperature thermopower values are in the range 184-159 159 /spl mu/V/K. Measurements of the temperature-dependent resistivity and Hall coefficient of the films were also performed. For the samples in the range 0.2<x<0.3, the room temperature carrier concentrations were 3.93-5.13/spl times/10/sup 19/ cm/sup -3/ and the mobilities were 24.6-64.0 cm/sup 2/ V/sup -1/ s/sup -1/.
Combining Outputs from Multiple Machine Translation Systems (2007)

Currently there are several approaches to machine translation (MT) based on differ-ent paradigms; e.g., phrasal, hierarchical and syntax-based. These three approaches yield similar translation accuracy despite using fairly different levels of linguistic knowledge. The availability of such a variety of systems has led to a growing interest toward finding better translations by combining outputs from multiple sys-tems. This paper describes three differ-ent approaches to MT system combina-tion. These combination methods oper-ate on sentence, phrase and word level exploiting information from -best lists, system scores and target-to-source phrase alignments. The word-level combination provides the most robust gains but the best results on the development test sets (NIST MT05 and the newsgroup portion of GALE 2006 dry-run) were achieved by combining all three methods. 1
Using a Redundant User Interface in Teleoperated Surgical Systems for Task Performance Enhancement (2020)

SUMMARY The enhanced dexterity and manipulability offered by master–slave teleoperated surgical systems have significantly improved the performance and safety of minimally invasive surgeries. However, effective manipulation of surgical robots is sometimes limited due to the mismatch between the slave and master robots’ kinematics and workspace. The purpose of this paper is first to formulate a quantifiable measure of the combined master–slave system manipulability. Next, we develop a null-space controller for the redundant master robot that employs the proposed manipulability index to enhance the performance of teleoperation tasks by matching the kinematics of the redundant master robot with the kinematics of the slave robot. The null-space controller modulates the redundant degrees of freedom of the master robot to reshape its manipulability ellipsoid (ME) towards the ME of the slave robot. The ME is the geometric interpretation of the kinematics of a robot. By reshaping the master robot’s manipulability, we match the master and slave robots’ kinematics. We demonstrate that by using a redundant master robot, we are able to enhance the master–slave system manipulability and more intuitively transfer the slave robot’s dexterity to the user. Simulation and experimental studies are performed to validate the performance of the proposed control strategy. Results demonstrate that by employing the proposed manipulability index, we can enhance the user’s control over the force/velocity of a surgical robot and minimize the user’s control effort for a teleoperated task.
Supplementary Figure 5 from RhoB Differentially Controls Akt Function in Tumor Cells and Stromal Endothelial Cells during Breast Tumorigenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 52K, Level of silencing of Akt in RhoB-/- and RhoB+/+ mouse cells&lt;/p&gt;
Intranasal immunization of mice with herpes simplex virus type 2 recombinant gD2: the effect of adjuvants on mucosal and serum antibody responses (1998)

Mucosal immunization offers the potential for inducing IgA antibody responses in the vagina, the site of infection for many viruses, including herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2). To investigate this possibility, mice were immunized intranasally with 10 micrograms glycoprotein D2 (gD2) from HSV combined with a series of adjuvants of proven efficacy; the oil in water emulsion MF59, poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles (PLG) (encapsulated or co-administered), immune-stimulating complexes (iscoms) (incorporated or co-administered with iscomatrix) and the genetically detoxified enterotoxin from Escherichia coli, LT-K63. Encapsulation of gD2 into PLG microparticles, incorporation of gD2 into iscoms and co-administration of gD2 with LT-K63 induced mucosal IgA antibody responses (nasal wash, saliva and vaginal wash) which were greater than those induced by intramuscular administration of gD2 with MF59. Intranasal immunization with these formulations also induced substantial levels of serum IgG and neutralizing antibodies. These studies demonstrated that intranasal immunization with potent adjuvants is an effective means to induce mucosal antibody responses, even in the lower genital tract.
Localization of frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism in an Australian kindred to chromosome 17q21–22 (1997)

An Australian family with autosomal dominant presenile nonspecific dementia was recently described. The disease results in behavioral changes, usually disinhibition, followed by the onset of dementia accompanied occasionally by parkinsonism. Twenty-eight affected individuals were identified with an age of onset of 39 to 66 years (mean, 53 +/- 8.9 years). We mapped the disease locus to an approximately 26-cM region of chromosome 17q21-22 with a maximum two-point LOD score of 2.87. Affected individuals share a common haplotype between markers D17S783 and D17S808. This region of chromosome 17 contains the loci for several neurodegenerative diseases that lack distinctive pathological features, suggesting that these dementias, collectively referred to as frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17), are caused by mutations in the same gene. The entire coding region of five genes, mapped to the FTDP-17 candidate region, were also sequenced. This analysis included the microtubule-associated protein tau that is the major component of the paired helical filaments observed in Alzheimer's disease. No pathogenic mutations were identified in either the tau gene or in any of the other genes analyzed.
Implantation of subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillators in Europe: results of the European Heart Rhythm Association survey (2016)

This survey provides a contemporary insight into S-ICD implantation and management in the European electrophysiology centres, showing different approaches, depending on local policies. Cost issues or lack of reimbursement strongly influence the dissemination of the device. However, most respondents retain that S-ICD use will significantly increase in a very short time.
Hormesis and Trade-Offs: A Comment (2014)

TEST 02 - Elsevier's Scopus, the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature. Search and access research from the science, technology, medicine, social sciences and arts and humanities fields.
Persistent photoconductivity in doping-modulated multilayers and compensated thin films of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (1985)

Persistent photoconductivity (PPC) has been studied in doping-modulated (npnp. . .) hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) multilayers as well as compensated a-Si:H films. The builtin field in the multilayers is varied by changing the dopant concentrations. It is concluded that charge separation in this builtin field alone cannot explain PPC in these npnp. . . structures. Experimental evidence is presented to argue that PPC in layered as well as compensated films arises from special centers made of phosphorous-boron complexes, which are in poor communication with the rest of the material.
Lagrangian transport in a circular lake: effect of nonlinearity and the second vertical mode (2011)

Abstract. Effects of the second vertical mode and nonlinearity of the background flow field on the Lagrangian transport of particle clouds are studied by employing a wind-forced linear hydrostatic model and a weakly-nonlinear, weakly-nonhydrostatic evolution model. It is confirmed that Kelvin waves primarily advect particles near the basin perimeter in a cyclonic direction, and Poincaré waves primarily advect particles in off-shore (radial) directions in a manner that is oscillatory in time with frequencies near the inertial period. The internal current associated with the second vertical mode is usually far smaller than that associated with the energetically dominant, lowest vertical mode. However, because of the disparately slow eigenspeed of the vertical mode-two Kelvin wave, the resultant particle transport associated with the vertical mode-two flow near the basin perimeter can drive transport that is comparable with that associated with the Kelvin wave of the lowest vertical mode. It is discovered that nonlinear interaction between the Kelvin-Poincaré wave pair can give birth to a solitary-like wave of large amplitude in an off-shore region. This new type of wave generates a large current and co-propagates with the Kelvin wave in a cyclonic direction and, eventually, can cause a burst of particle transport in an off-shore direction.
Design Strategy for 25% External Quantum Efficiency in Green and Blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Devices (2015)

Carbazole- and triazine-derived thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitters, with three donor units and an even distribution of the highest occupied molecular orbital, achieve high external quantum efficiencies of above 25% in blue and green TADF devices.
Physical location of smart key activators – a building security penetration test (2018)

Purpose When security managers choose to deploy a smart lock activation system, the number of units needed and their location needs to be established. This study aims to present the results of a penetration test involving smart locks in the context of building security. The authors investigated how the amount of effort an employee has to invest in complying with a security policy (i.e. walk from the office to the smart key activator) influences vulnerability. In particular, the attractiveness of a no-effort alternative (i.e. someone else walking from your office to the key activators to perform a task on your behalf) was evaluated. The contribution of this study relates to showing how experimental psychology can be used to determine the cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of physical building security measures. Design/methodology/approach Twenty-seven different “offenders” visited the offices of 116 employees. Using a script, each offender introduced a problem, provided a solution and asked the employee to hand over their office key. Findings A total of 58.6 per cent of the employees handed over their keys to a stranger; no difference was found between female and male employees. The likelihood of handing over the keys for employees close to a key activator was similar to that of those who were further away. Research limitations/implications The results suggest that installing additional key activators is not conducive to reducing the building’s security vulnerability associated with the handing over of keys to strangers. Originality/value No research seems to have investigated the distribution of smart key activators in the context of a physical penetration test. This research highlights the need to raise awareness of social engineering and of the vulnerabilities introduced via smart locks (and other smart systems).
ReviewArticle PPAR Ligands as Potential Modifiers of Breast Carcinoma Outcomes (2008)

Correspondence should be addressed to Ancha Baranova, abaranov@gmu.eduReceived 29 February 2008; Accepted 19 May 2008Recommended by Dipak PanigrahyChemically synthesized ligands for nuclear receptors of the PPAR family modulate a number of physiological functions,particularly insulin resistance in the context of energy homeostasis and the metabolic syndrome. Additionally, these compoundsmay treat or prevent the development of many secondary consequences of the metabolic syndrome. Many PPAR agonists arealso known to inﬂuence the proliferation and apoptosis of breast carcinoma cells though the experiments were carried out atsuprapharmacological doses of PPAR ligands. It is possible that the breast epithelium of diabetics exposed to PPAR agonists willexperience perturbation of the corresponding signaling pathway. Consequently, these patients’ lifetime breast carcinoma riskscould be modiﬁed, as their breast lesion incidence or the rates of the conversion of these lesions to carcinomas might vary upwardor downward. PPAR activating treatment may also inﬂuence the progression of existing, undiagnosed invasive lesions. In thisreview, we attempt to summarize the possible inﬂuence of chemical PPAR ligands on the molecular pathways involved in theinitiation and progression of breast carcinoma, with a major emphasis on PPAR
Atomic layer epitaxy of CdTe and MnTe (1996)

Atomic deposition techniques are investigated for binary semiconductors of the telluride family, namely CdTe and MnTe. An original method for directly determining the CdTe atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) growth rate—in monolayers/cycle—is proposed, consisting in monitoring the reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) sublimation intensity oscillations of an ALE grown CdTe layer deposited on a MgTe buffer layer. The ALE CdTe autoregulated growth rate at 0.5 monolayer/cycle (in the substrate temperature domain between 260 and 290 °C) is accounted for on the basis of an atomic model which relies on the alternating c(2×2) Cd and (2×1) Te surface reconstructions during the ALE cycle. RHEED studies on MnTe atomic deposition, together with x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy on ALE grown CdTe/MnTe superlattices reveal that all deposited Mn atoms are incorporated so that no autoregulated growth can be achieved. Furthermore, less than one or just one monolayer of Mn must be sent on the surface per ALE cycle to obtain well controlled superlattices with abrupt interfaces.
ChemInform Abstract: Nano‐ and Micro‐Structured Assemblies for Encapsulation of Food Ingredients (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
New records of Buenoa (Hemiptera: Notonectidae) from Peru (1979)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
AFDM: A Full Diversity Next Generation Waveform for High Mobility Communications (2021)

We present Affine Frequency Division Multiplexing (AFDM), a new chirp-based multicarrier transceiver scheme for high mobility communications in next-generation wireless systems. AFDM is based on discrete affine Fourier transform (DAFT), a generalization of discrete Fourier transform characterized with two parameters that can be adapted to better cope with doubly dispersive channels. Based on the derived input-output relation, the DAFT parameters underlying AFDM are set in such a way to avoid that time domain channel paths with distinct delays or Doppler frequency shifts overlap in the DAFT domain. The resulting DAFT domain impulse response thus conveys a full delay-Doppler representation of the channel. We show that AFDM can achieve the full diversity of linear time-varying (LTV) channels. Our analytical results are validated through numerical simulations, which evince that AFDM outperforms state-of-the-art multicarrier schemes in terms of bit error rate (BER) in doubly dispersive channels.
Measurement of the 3 He mass diffusion coefficient in superfluid 4 He over the 0.45–0.95 K temperature range (2002)

We have measured the mass diffusion coefficient D of 3He in superfluid 4He at temperatures lower than were previously possible. The experimental technique utilizes scintillation light produced when neutron react with 3He nuclei, and allows measurement of the 3He density integrated along the trajectory of a well-defined neutron beam. By measuring the change in 3He density near a heater as a function of applied heat current, we are able to infer values of D with 20% accuracy. At temperatures below 0.7 K and for concentrations of order 10^{-4} we find D=(2.0+2.4-1.2)T^-(6.5 -/+ 1.2) cm^2/s, in agreement with a theoretical approximation.