gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Total synthesis of 1233A (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of 1233AP. M. Wovkulich, K. Shankaran, J. Kiegiel, and M. R. UskokovicCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 4, 832–839Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00056a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00056a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1818Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Antibacterial activities of cefmenoxime against recent fresh clinical isolates from patients in sinusitis]. (1995)

In order to evaluate antimicrobial activity of cefmenoxime (CMX), minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of CMX and control drugs were determined against clinical isolates from patients of sinusitis that were obtained in our laboratory from October of 1993 to March of 1994. The results are summarized as follows; 1. CMX showed strong antimicrobial activities against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella subgenus Branhamella catarrhalis that were 3 major aerobic bacteria from sinusitis. Antimicrobial activities of CMX against benzylpenicillin (PCG)-insensitive S. pneumoniae (PISP) and PCG-resistant S. pneumoniae (PRSP) were stronger than those of ampicillin (ABPC), and these strong activities suggested that CMX might have strong antimicrobial activities against beta-lactamase producing H. influenzae and M. (B.) catarrhalis. 2. Antimicrobial activities of CMX against microaerophiles, Streptococcus constellatus, Streptococcus intermedius and Gemella morbillorum and against Peptostreptococcus spp., from chronic sinusitis and odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, were stronger than those of most of the control drugs. 3. The MIC90's of CMX against isolates from patients of sinusitis were < or = 0.025-0.39 micrograms/ml. These values were lower than transitional concentrations in mucous membrane of maxillary sinus obtained when "1% CMX nasal solution" was used with nebulizer. It appears likely that sufficient concentrations exceeding MICs against main organisms would be obtained by nebulizer treatment using CMX nasal solution.
Multivitamin use and risk of stroke incidence and mortality amongst women (2017)

Long-term multivitamin use was not associated with reduced risk of stroke incidence or mortality amongst women in the study population, even amongst those with a lower diet quality. An effect in a less well-nourished population cannot be ruled out.
Shape-changing mobiles (2010)

This paper presents a novel haptic actuation system for mobile phones: Two-dimensional tapering through an actuated back plate.
VIBRATIONAL ANHARMONIC CALCULATIONS IN ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE PACKAGES FOR APPLICATIONS IN INTRAMOLECULAR DYNAMICS (2007)

Author Institution: Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Rd., P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA 22904
Cavity driven Rabi oscillations between Rydberg states of atoms trapped on a superconducting atom chip (2021)

Hybrid quantum systems involving cold atoms and microwave resonators can enable cavity-mediated infinite-range interactions between atomic spin systems and realize atomic quantum memories and transducers for microwave to optical conversion. To achieve strong coupling of atoms to on-chip microwave resonators, it was suggested to use atomic Rydberg states with strong electric dipole transitions. Here we report on the realization of coherent coupling of a Rydberg transition of ultracold atoms trapped on an integrated superconducting atom chip to the microwave field of an on-chip coplanar waveguide resonator. We observe and characterize the cavity driven Rabi oscillations between a pair of Rydberg states of atoms in an inhomogeneous electric field near the chip surface. Our studies demonstrate the feasibility, but also reveal the challenges, of coherent state manipulation of Rydberg atoms interacting with superconducting circuits.
Effect of ventilation-perfusion inhomogeneity and N2O on oxygenation: physiological modeling of gas exchange (2001)

Ventilation-perfusion (VA/Q) inhomogeneity was modeled to measure its effect on arterial oxygenation during maintenance-phase anesthesia involving an inspired mixture of 30% O(2) and either N(2)O or N(2). A multialveolar compartment computer model was constructed based on a log normal distribution of VA/Q inhomogeneity. Increasing the log SD of the distribution of blood flow from 0 to 1.75 produced a progressive fall in arterial PO(2) (Pa(O(2))). The fall was less steep in the presence of N(2)O than when N(2) was present instead. This was due mainly to the concentrating effect of N(2)O uptake on alveolar PO(2) in moderately low VA/Q compartments. The improvement in Pa(O(2)) when N(2)O was present instead of N(2) was greatest when the degree of VA/Q inhomogeneity was in the range typically seen in anesthetized patients. Models based on distributions of expired and inspired alveolar ventilation give quantitatively different results for Pa(O(2)). In the presence of VA/Q inhomogeneity, second-gas and concentrating effects may have clinically significant effects on arterial oxygenation even at "steady-state" levels of N(2)O uptake.
Pharmacogenetically Tailored Treatments for Heart Disease (2010)

Heart disease represents the primary cause of death worldwide, with mortality rates being predicted to remain constant within the next couple of decades. Cardiac disease treatment currently includes the administration of drugs, predominantly aiming at improving heart performance, through controlling heart rhythm, blood pressure, as well as reducing cholesterol and blood clotting. Despite, however, the medical advances that have lead towards a better understanding of heart disease pathophysiology and the development of new therapeutic approaches, the degree of success of the available drug therapies varies among patients. The existence of polymorphisms in a number of genes has been shown to result in differences in pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and drug metabolism and have therefore been associated with response to drug treatment. The occurrence of adverse drug reactions that may lead to drug-induced toxicity represents another factor influencing outcome of therapeutic treatment. While the influence of genetic polymorphisms in patient's response to heart disease drugs is being unveiled, the rapidly evolving field of pharmacogenetics is promising to aid clinicians in choosing the best suited drug/dose for each patient and the pharmaceutical companies in the design of better targeted, more effective new chemical compounds. In the near future individualized, targeted therapy will become part of clinical care routine maximizing patient therapeutic benefits and minimizing risks of adverse effects.
Similarity of the oral microbiota of pre‐school children with that of their caregivers in a population‐based study (2002)

This study evaluated the similarity between the oral microbiota of young children and that of their adult caregivers. Oral samples from children (174 dentate and 18 pre-dentate) aged 6-36 months and their caregivers in Saipan were assayed using a DNA probe assay. Many species including Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Actinomyces species, Campylobacter rectus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, and Porphyromonas gingivalis were detected in dentate and pre-dentate children, whereas Bacteroides forsythus was detected only in dentate children. A higher percentage of children were positive for the detection of an individual species if the caregiver was also positive. There were significant relative risks of species detection between dentate children and their caregivers. By logistic regression, there were significant positive associations between species detection in caregiver and in child, but not between species detection and child age or maternal education level. In conclusion, dental pathogens were detected in young, including pre-dentate, children. The microbial profiles of children were strongly associated with the microbiota of their caregivers.
Measurement of angular rotation using a long period fiber grating in a self-referenced fiber optic intensity sensor (2005)

This work describes a sensor, in which the sensing head comprises a long period fiber grating (LPG) whose attenuation peak changes as function of its angular rotation. The level of LPG rotation is induced by an angular rotation stage (ARS). The sensing head is integrated in a fiber optic intensity sensor, which is immune to intensity fluctuations other than the ones caused by the LPG.
Complex Scaling Behavior of Nonconserved Self-Organized Critical Systems (2002)

The Olami-Feder-Christensen earthquake model is often considered the prototype dissipative self-organized critical model. It is shown that the size distribution of events in this model results from a complex interplay of several different phenomena, including limited floating-point precision. Parallels between the dynamics of synchronized regions and those of a system with periodic boundary conditions are pointed out, and the asymptotic avalanche size distribution is conjectured to be dominated by avalanches of size 1, with the weight of larger avalanches converging towards zero as the system size increases.
Exploring Massive, Genome Scale Datasets with the GenometriCorr Package (2012)

The package, GenometriCorr, can be freely downloaded at http://genometricorr.sourceforge.net/. Installation guidelines and examples are available from the sourceforge repository. The package is pending submission to Bioconductor.
90 nm generation, 300 mm wafer low k ILD/Cu interconnect technology (2004)

This paper presents a 90 nm generation and 300 mm wafer size interconnect technology with 7 layers of Cu metallization and low k ILD. Carbon doped oxide (CDO) low k ILD is used to achieve > 20% inter- and intra-layer capacitance improvement and 25-30% RC improvement over 130 nm generation SiOF interconnect process with equivalent electromigration performance.
Small-molecule inhibitor of the AP endonuclease 1/REF-1 E3330 inhibits pancreatic cancer cell growth and migration (2008)

AP endonuclease 1 (APE1; also known as REF-1) contains a DNA repair domain and a redox regulation domain. APE1 is overexpressed in several human cancers, and disruption of APE1 function has detrimental effects on cancer cell viability. However, the selective contribution of the redox and the DNA repair domains to maintenance of cellular homeostasis in cancer has not been elucidated. In the present study, we used E3330, a small-molecule inhibitor of APE1 redox domain function, to interrogate the functional relevance of sustained redox function in pancreatic cancer. We show that E3330 significantly reduces the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro. This phenomenon was further confirmed by a small interfering RNA experiment to knockdown APE1 expression in pancreatic cancer cells. Further, the growth-inhibitory effects of E3330 are accentuated by hypoxia, and this is accompanied by striking inhibition in the DNA-binding ability of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha, a hypoxia-induced transcription factor. E3330 exposure promotes endogenous reactive oxygen species formation in pancreatic cancer cells, and the resulting oxidative stress is associated with higher levels of oxidized, and hence inactive, SHP-2, an essential protein tyrosine phosphatase that promotes cancer cell proliferation in its active state. Finally, E3330 treatment inhibits pancreatic cancer cell migration as assessed by in vitro chemokine assays. E3330 shows anticancer properties at multiple functional levels in pancreatic cancer, such as inhibition of cancer cell growth and migration. Inhibition of the APE1 redox function through pharmacologic means has the potential to become a promising therapeutic strategy in this disease.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (+)‐, (‐)‐ and (.+‐.)‐7′‐Hydroxyabscisic Acid. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Photomacrography of the Skin (1956)

Apparatus and technique for photomacrography of the skin without focusing are described. Variable factors influencing the appearance of the surface of the skin are discussed, and future research is outlined.
Minireview: Nutrient Sensing and the Regulation of Insulin Action and Energy Balance (2003)

Obesity is the result of an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. Under most circumstances, the increased availability of nutrients is tightly coupled with nutrient-sensing mechanisms that in turn activate appropriate behavioral and metabolic responses. The latter responses include decreases in food intake and the production of endogenous nutrients and increased expenditure of energy. The availability of nutrients can be sensed at central sites (mostly in the hypothalamus) or directly in peripheral tissues such as skeletal muscle and fat. The hypothalamus links the sensing of nutrients to the control of metabolism and feeding behavior. Here, we discuss how two central and peripheral nutrient-sensing mechanisms participate in this complex feedback system.
The interline power flow controller concept: a new approach to power flow management in transmission systems (1999)

The interline power flow controller (IPFC) proposed is a new concept for the compensation and effective power flow management of multi-line transmission systems. In its general form, the IPFC employs a number of inverters with a common DC link, each to provide series compensation for a selected line of the transmission system. Because of the common DC link, any inverter within the IPFC is able to transfer real power to any other and thereby facilitate real power transfer among the lines of the transmission system. Since each inverter is also able to provide reactive compensation, the IPFC is able to carry out an overall real and reactive power compensation of the total transmission system. This capability makes it possible to equalize both real and reactive power flow between the lines, transfer power from overloaded to underloaded lines, compensate against reactive voltage drops and the corresponding reactive line power, and to increase the effectiveness of the compensating system against dynamic disturbances. The paper explains the basic theory and operating characteristics of the IPFC with phasor diagrams, P-Q plots and simulated waveforms.
Development of RC network compact models of IC packages using multigrid method (2004)

The need for compact models of Integrated circuits (IC) is a well-recognized problem in electronics cooling simulations of electronic systems. Simplified thermal models have been reported in the literature to simulate the transient thermal behavior of IC devices. Most of the simplification approaches require a pre-determined topology of a resistance-capacitance (RC) network. Multigrid technique allows for automatically constructing both the topology and characteristics of the reduced-order or compact models of devices (primarily IC packages) for use in system-level simulations. In this study, we report an approach where the topology and the nodal RC values of the network are automatically generated. The procedure is also applicable for complex IC sub-systems or systems like multi-chip modules, stacked die package, system-in-package, and CPU module, and hard drives. In the study report herein, the method is applied to three types of IC packages. The first package is a 196-pin fine pitch ball grid array (FBGA15/spl times/15/spl I.bar/196 L) package. The second package is a 480-pin plastic ball grid array (PBGA+HS37.5/spl times/37.5/spl I.bar/480 L/spl I.bar/extHS) package with drop-in heat spreader. An external heat sink is attached to the top surface of the package. The third package is an 8-pin small outline IC (SOIC/spl I.bar/480 L) package with a total power dissipation of 0.5 W. RC networks are created for these packages and then used in CFD simulations for different boundary conditions, corresponding to single phase natural and forced convective cooling. The simulation results are compared to the corresponding detailed package simulations.
Development of real-time and lateral flow strip reverse transcription recombinase polymerase Amplification assays for rapid detection of peste des petits ruminants virus (2017)

These features make RPA assay promising candidates either in field use or as a point of care diagnostic technique.
Multi-Time-Scale Modeling and Parameter Estimation of TCLs for Smoothing Out Wind Power Generation Variability (2018)

Thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) have demonstrated their potentials in demand response. One of the key challenges for TCLs to be integrated into the system-level operation is building a compact aggregated model, in which the TCL primary behaviors are accurately captured. In this paper, TCLs are aggregated as a virtual generator and two batteries according to their different compressor types and control methods for smoothing out multi-time-scale variability of wind power generation. This will bring system operator great convenience to manage TCLs and conventional components when the system-level decisions are made. Accordingly, accurate parameters of virtual generator and batteries are critical to effectively coordinate TCLs with other resources in the system operation. However, it tends to be difficult to obtain such aggregated parameters as a result of insufficient data for each TCL. To address this problem, high-dimensional model representation (HDMR) is introduced to estimate the aggregated parameters of virtual generator and batteries using the probability distribution of TCL parameters. A numerical simulation study demonstrates that aggregated parameters of virtual generator and batteries can be accurately estimated by HDMR. And virtual generator and batteries are able to follow actual behaviors of TCL populations in power system operations.
Comparison of Renal Effects of Creatinine, Creatol and Methylguanidine in Rats with Adenine-lnduced Chronic Renal Failure (1993)

Creatinine (Cr), creatol and methylguanidine (MG), which accumulate in the body with the progress of renal failure after adenine administration, were given separately to rats in order to compare their toxicities. Food containing adenine was given to rats for 20 days to induce renal failure. Then each of the test substances was administered intraperitoneally, and renal function of the rats was determined. The changes in glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow and renal blood flow after administration of Cr were only slight in comparison with those of the control group. Creatol or MG administration induced a significant decrease in renal function. In addition, the level of MG in serum, liver and kidney was extraordinarily high in rats given creatol or MG. The toxic effects are discussed on the basis of these results.
An Active Detection Method for Buried Target Based on LFMCW Waveform (2018)

Underwater clutter is the main interference for active sonar to detect buried target. Anti-clutter waveform designing and processing method play a significant role in clutter suppression. This paper proposes a processing framework for detecting buried target. The linear-frequency-modulated continuous wave (LFMCW) signal is selected as the detecting waveform, and the properties of time-frequency distribution, spectrum, periodic fractional Fourier transform (PFRFT) and wideband ambiguity function (WAF) for LFMCW are analysed, then the waveform parameters is designed to well detect buried target. Furthermore, on the basis of PFRFT and WAF, this paper proposes a processing method for LFMCW. Both the theoretical analysis and simulation results validate the proposed method. Sine-square weighted LFMCW outperforms the rectangular weighted one.
Anthrax toxin: structures, functions and tumour targeting (2003)

Anthrax toxin, the major virulence factor of Bacillus anthracis, consists of three polypeptides: protective antigen (PrAg), lethal factor (LF) and oedema factor (EF). To intoxicate mammalian cells, PrAg binds to its cellular receptors and is subsequently activated via proteolysis, yielding a carboxyl-terminal fragment which coordinately assembles to form heptamers that bind and translocate LF and EF into the cytosol to exert their cytotoxic effects. Substantial progress has been made in recent years towards the characterisation of the structure and function of anthrax toxin, and this has greatly facilitated rational drug design of antianthrax agents. There is also emerging evidence that toxins can be manipulated for cancer therapy. LF can efficiently inactivate several mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MAPKKs) via cleavage of their amino-terminal sequences. Consequently, antitumour effects of wild type lethal toxin were observed after treatment of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-dependent tumours such as human melanomas. Modification of the toxin's proteolytic activation site limits its cytotoxicity to certain cell types and creates a versatile method of treatment. One approach that has successfully achieved specific tumour targeting is the alteration of the furin cleavage of PrAg so that it is not activated by furin, but, alternatively, by proteases that are highly expressed by tumour tissues, including matrix metalloproteases and urokinase.
Synthetic methods for the preparation ofD- andL-pseudo-sugars fromD-glucose (1988)

Starting from D-glucose and using the Ferrier rearrangement to obtain the cyclohexanone (1), a convenient synthesis of crystalline pseudo-α-D-glucopyranose (15), its congeners (16) and (17), as well as their partially protected derivatives has been carried out.