gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FEVER: a Large-scale Dataset for Fact Extraction and VERification (2018)

James Thorne, Andreas Vlachos, Christos Christodoulopoulos, Arpit Mittal. Proceedings of the 2018 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 1 (Long Papers). 2018.
Spatial chirp in the focusing of few-optical-cycle pulses by a mirror (2013)

We calculate the electric field of few-optical-cycle pulses at the focus of a perfectly conducting mirror by adding coherently the Airy diffraction patterns for each pulse frequency. We will show that the pulse suffers temporal spreading generated by a change in the spectrum of the pulse as a function of position in the focal plane, which introduces spatial chirp to the pulse. A double pulse appears near to the diffraction minima of the carrier frequency due to the variations in the spectra.
Pentoxifylline inhibits granulocyte and platelet function, including granulocyte priming by platelet activating factor. (1988)

Pentoxifylline has been claimed to work a beneficial effect in arterial insufficiency by improving erythrocyte deformability and thus improving blood flow. A number of observations, including the drug concentrations required to work the red cell effect, suggested that this was not likely to be a complete explanation. We therefore examined the effect of pentoxifylline on several granulocyte and platelet functions. Pentoxifylline inhibited platelet aggregation in response to 4 mumol/L adenosine diphosphate; although statistically significant inhibition was seen at 1 mumol/L pentoxifylline, over 200 mumol/L was required for 50% inhibition. The adherence of unstimulated platelets to cultured endothelial cells was not strongly inhibited by pentoxifylline; however, the additional increment in adherence seen in the presence of thrombin was strongly inhibited (50% attenuative dose [AD50] = 18 mumol/L). Granulocyte aggregation in response to C5a was modestly inhibited (AD30 approximately equal to 8 mumol/L; AD50 greater than 1 mmol/L), and the adherence of unstimulated polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) to endothelium was uninhibited. The C5a-mediated augmentation of PMN adherence to endothelium was mildly inhibited (AD50 = 240 mumol/L). Inhibition of PMN chemotaxis to N-Formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) or C5a (AD50 = 12 mumol/L) and inhibition of superoxide production in response to FMLP-cytochalasin B (AD50 = 24 mumol/L) were seen at more clinically credible concentrations. Perhaps most important, pentoxifylline blocked the ability of platelet activation factor to prime neutrophils for enhanced response to subsequent stimuli (AD50 approximately equal to 8 mumol/L; AD60 = 10 mumol/L when production was the indicator system); in vivo, this could broaden the drug's effect to include functions that it does not inhibit potently in a primary fashion. Although pentoxifylline is known to be a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, and we found it to elevate intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate in stimulated PMNs, we found it to be only marginally more potent than theophylline in this regard; therefore, the failure of theophylline to inhibit PMN priming suggests that this enzyme inhibition is not a complete explanation of the pharmacologic action of pentoxifylline. We suggest that the effects of pentoxifylline on platelet and granulocyte function are likely to contribute to the drug's clinical efficacy.
An ECG Signals Compression Method and Its Validation Using NNs (2008)

This paper presents a new algorithm for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal compression based on local extreme extraction, adaptive hysteretic filtering and Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) coding. The algorithm has been verified using eight of the most frequent normal and pathological types of cardiac beats and an multi-layer perceptron (MLP) neural network trained with original cardiac patterns and tested with reconstructed ones. Aspects regarding the possibility of using the principal component analysis (PCA) to cardiac pattern classification have been investigated as well. A new compression measure called "quality score," which takes into account both the reconstruction errors and the compression ratio, is proposed.
Ultrastructure and phylogenetic position ofChrysoculter rhomboideusgen. et sp. nov. (Prymnesiophyceae), a new flagellate haptophyte from Japanese coastal waters (2005)

Abstract We isolated a novel haptophyte alga from the coastal waters of the northern part of Japan. The cell is asymmetrical spindle-to knife-shaped and possesses two nearly equal flagella and a haptonema from the anterior tip. Two yellowish chloroplasts including immersed pyrenoids are situated asymmetrically. Two types of organic scales, small elliptical and large rhomboidal scales, cover the cell. The rhomboidal scale has two tubular projections at the longitudinal poles and closely touched to each other. The transition region of the flagellum includes only one transitional plate, which is probably homologous with the distal plate in other prymnesiophyceans. The flagellar apparatus of this alga has basic components found in other prymnesiophyceans. Developed root 1 (R1) is divided into two components that join again. The R1 extends toward the posterior tip of the cell with associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and forms a cytoplasmic tongue. A fibrous root, which has only been reported in some coccolit...
4396 Immunoglobulin administration and hypogammaglobulinemia during pediatric acute leukemia therapy (2020)

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is used for infection prevention in pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), but evidence for this is lacking. We describe the prevalence of hypogammaglobulinemia in pediatric B-ALL, predictors of IVIG use and its efficacy for infection prevention. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We will conduct a retrospective review of children age 1-21 years with B-ALL treated at Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center from 2010 to 2017. The cohort was identified through the cancer registry. Demographics, disease factors, laboratory values, medications and infection outcomes were linked between the electronic medical record and an institutional database. Outcomes of interest include emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalization days, and episodes of infection. Descriptive statistics will be performed. Outcomes will be compared between IVIG recipients and non-recipients. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models will assess predictors of IVIG administration. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We identified 443 patients with B-ALL during the study period who met inclusion criteria. Exclusion criteria included receipt of IVIG or hematopoietic stem cell transplant prior to diagnosis. The average age at diagnosis is 6.5 years (standard deviation 4.8 years); 52.6% are male; 61.6% are white; 61.0% are standard risk per National Cancer Institute criteria. Among eligible patients, 137 (31.1%) received IVIG. We hypothesize that IVIG initiation is associated with hypogammaglobulinemia and history of severe infection. We also anticipate that frequency of emergency department visits, hospitalization days, and episodes of infection will decrease after IVIG initiation. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The immunological profile of children with B-ALL and factors influencing their susceptibility to infection are still incompletely understood. The benefits of IVIG are unknown. This study will provide evidence for IVIG prophylaxis recommendations in pediatric leukemia patients.
Development of a cognition system for analyzing rat's behaviors (2010)

The interaction experiment, between a robot and a rat, will benefit significantly when the rat's actions can be recognized automatically in real time. Regarding quantitative behavior analysis, the number and duration of a rat's actions should be measured efficiently and accurately. Therefore, aiming at the above-mentioned objectives, a novel cognition system capable of detecting rats' actions has been proposed in this paper. The main function of this cognition system lies on the real-time recognition and offline analysis of rats' behaviors. Basic image processing algorithm as Labeling and Contour Finding were employed to extract feature parameters (body length, body area, body radius, rotational angle, and ellipticity) of rat's actions. These parameters are integrated as the input feature vector of NN (Neural Network) and SVM (Support Vector Machine) training system respectively. Preliminary experiments reveal that the grooming, rotating and rearing actions could be recognized with extremely high rate (more than 90%) by both NN and SVM. Compared to NN, SVM provides better recognition rate and less computational cost.
Unifying the Anderson transitions in Hermitian and non-Hermitian systems (2022)

Non-Hermiticity enriches the tenfold Altland-Zirnbauer symmetry class into the 38-fold symmetry class, where critical behavior of the Anderson transitions (ATs) has been extensively studied recently. Here, we propose a correspondence of the universality classes of the ATs between Hermitian and non-Hermitian systems. We illustrate that the critical exponents of the length scale in non-Hermitian systems coincide with the critical exponents in the corresponding Hermitian systems with additional chiral symmetry. A remarkable consequence of the correspondence is superuniversality, i.e., the ATs in some different symmetry classes of non-Hermitian systems are characterized by the same critical exponent. In addition to the comparisons between the known critical exponents for non-Hermitian systems and their Hermitian counterparts, we obtain the critical exponents in symmetry classes AI, AII, AII , CII , and DIII in two and three dimensions. Estimated critical exponents are consistent with the proposed correspondence. According to the correspondence, some of the exponents also give useful information of the unknown critical exponents in Hermitian systems, paving a way to study the ATs of Hermitian systems by the corresponding non-Hermitian systems.
Physiological Proteomics of the Uncultured Endosymbiont of Riftia pachyptila (2007)

The bacterial endosymbiont of the deep-sea tube worm Riftia pachyptila has never been successfully cultivated outside its host. In the absence of cultivation data, we have taken a proteomic approach based on the metagenome sequence to study the metabolism of this peculiar microorganism in detail. As one result, we found that three major sulfide oxidation proteins constitute approximately 12% of the total cytosolic proteome, which highlights the essential role of these enzymes for the symbiont's energy metabolism. Unexpectedly, the symbiont uses the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle in addition to the previously identified Calvin cycle for CO2 fixation.
IDEAL: an IntegrateD REsource MAnagement Language (2002)

As the size and complexity of managed networks grows, it is increasingly important that administrators have help managing them. The SNMP standard which has become widespread in use is a first reply to their needs. However SNMP is a basic language and leads to centralized management which is not acceptable for the management of enterprise-wide networks. To overcome these deficiencies, this paper proposes an integrated resource management language (IDEAL) which offers a high level syntax for the quick development of network, system and service management applications. Delegation which is an application of mobile code technology, is introduced to minimize both the use of resources at the network level and processing time at the manager level.
Topological phase and interpretation of the interferometer data (1996)

There have been many recent manifestations. of topological phases in optics, but in the all works, both theoretical and experimental, these phases are considered only as some interesting natural phenomena. We will show that topological phases can be used for constructing the devices capable of measurement both geometrical and optical characteristics of a surface, that is combining the properties of profilometer and ellipsometer.
Inverse kinematics of robot manipulators with offset wrist (2015)

The inverse kinematics for a robot manipulator with offset wrist is formulated as a minimization problem in this paper to reduce its complexity and accelerate the computation speed. A specific type of robot such as Yaskawa MA1400, which has an offset between the last two axes, is chosen for analysis. Given an initial guess angle of last joint, all the 6 joint angles can be easily found through analytical solution. The output value is compared with the initial guess. An error function with only one variable is then defined and Newton-Raphson method is applied to search for the solution where the error goes to zero. To check the validity of the algorithm, forward kinematics is first computed and the position and orientation of end-effector are then applied in the inverse kinematics to solve the joint angles back. The computation converges within 5 iterations in cases when the angle θ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> is far away from zero and the accuracy is within 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-10</sup> degree. When θ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> approaches zero, searching direction is slightly modified to achieve convergence for the algorithm. The number of iterations increases for the same accuracy. The results show that the approach presented in this paper greatly reduces the computation time and is suitable for real time application.
Hydrothermal synthesis and crystal structure of a layered coordination polymer: [Zn2(C2O4)2(C3N2H4)2] n (2006)

A new metal-organic coordination polymer [Zn2(C2O4)2(C3N2H4)2] n (1) has been hydrothermally synthesized with ZnCl2·2H2O, oxalic acid and imidazole. The compound has a 2D network, consisting of infinite zinc(II) oxalate chains connected to each other by three-coordinate oxygen atoms. Within the chains, the zinc atoms are each octahedrally coordinated by one nitrogen atom from imidazole and five oxygen atoms from oxalate groups. Furthermore, there are two coordination modes of oxalate to zinc ions: chelate bis-bidentate and chelate/bridging bis-bidentate in compound 1, and the latter is rare among related compounds. Crystal data: monoclinic, P2(1)/c, a = 8.4310(17), b = 9.4060(19), c = 8.2790(17) Å, β = 93.15(3)°, V = 655.5(2) Å3, Z = 2, R 1 = 0.0322, wR 2 = 0.0850.
Invertible Universal Hashing and the TET Encryption Mode. (2007)

This work describes a mode of operation, TET, that turns a regular block cipher into a length-preserving enciphering scheme for messages of (almost) arbitrary length. When using an n-bit block cipher, the resulting scheme can handle input of any bit-length between n and 2 and associated data of arbitrary length. The mode TET is a concrete instantiation of the generic mode of operation that was proposed by Naor and Reingold, extended to handle tweaks and inputs of arbitrary bit length. The main technical tool is a construction of invertible “universal hashing” on wide blocks, which is as efficient to compute and invert as polynomial-evaluation hash.
Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy of (Ba, Sr)TiO3 Thin Films Prepared by Chemical Vapor Deposition (1996)

Thermal desorption characteristics of (Ba, Sr)TiO 3 [BST] thin films prepared by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using liguid sources have been studied, together with their crystallinity and electrical properties. Thermal desorption was observed for CO 2 at 400° C and 900° C, and CO at 600° C. The intensities of the CO 2 peaks at 400° C and 900° C increased with the increasing atomic composition ratio of (Ba+Sr)/Ti, in relation to the excess Ba and Sr in the BST films; in particular, the CO 2 peak at 900° C may originate from BaCO 3 and/or SrCO 3 lumps formed in the films, and the CO 2 peak at 400° C may be attributed to gases adsorbed on the sites of contaminants such as BaO x and/or SrO x in films, due to excess Ba and Sr coming from the atmosphere after deposition. On the other hand, the CO peak at 600° C occurred most strongly from BST films with high dielectric constants at (Ba+Sr)/Ti∼1, or perovskite crystalline structures having large grains. Moreover, the desorption of CO at 600° C was also observed from films kept in the atmosphere after annealed above 600° C in vacuum. These results imply that the BST crystalline perovskite grains may have adsorption sites for CO from the atmosphere.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Protected Peptides Containing Phosphoserine with Oxime Resin. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Adaptive spectral imager for space-based sensing (2006)

Optical sensors aboard space vehicles designated to perform seeker functions need to generate multispectral images in the mid-wave infrared (MWIR) and long-wave infrared (LWIR) spectral regions in order to investigate and classify man-made space objects, and to distinguish them relative to the interfering scene clutter. The spectral imager part of the sensor collects spectral signatures of the observed objects in order to extract information on surface emissivity and target temperature, both important parameters for object-discrimination algorithms. The Adaptive Spectral Imager described in this paper fulfills two functions simultaneously: one output produces instantaneous two-dimensional polychromatic imagery for object acquisition and tracking, while the other output produces multispectral images for object discrimination and classification. The spectral and temporal resolution of the data produced by the spectral imager are adjustable in real time, making it possible to achieve optimum tradeoff between different sensing functions to match dynamic monitoring requirements during a mission. The system has high optical collection efficiency, with output data rates limited only by the readout speed of the detector array. The instrument has no macro-scale moving parts, and can be built in a robust, small-volume and lightweight package, suitable for integration with space vehicles. The technology is also applicable to multispectral imaging applications in diverse areas such as surveillance, agriculture, process control, and biomedical imaging, and can be adapted for use in any spectral domain from the ultraviolet (UV) to the LWIR region.
Effect of Rat-to-Mouse Bioartificial Pancreas Xenotransplantation on Diabetic Renal Damage and Survival (2006)

This study demonstrated that polyvinyl alcohol gel bioartificial pancreas transplantation can protect the kidney from diabetic damage.
Elimination of Gridlines in X-ray Imaging for Mammography (2006)

Mammography X-ray equipment uses the radiographic grid in order to remove the scatter radiation and to improve image contrast. The gridlines, such as striped lines, appear on the film and the gridlines are considered that diagnostic information may be impaired as an artifact. In this study, we developed the image processing technique which eliminated gridlines on films using digital image processing. We exposed the phantom, improved the gridlines image and detected the ripple components of the gridlines image. We could eliminate the gridlines from the calcifications image by using the ripple components of the gridlines image. By using digital image processing techniques, we could eliminate gridlines and extract the region of calcification. It was suggested that the accuracy of the mammographic diagnosis could be improved.
Fast Recombination after Electron Photo-Detachment of Hydroxide in H-bonded Liquids (2012)

Femtosecond pump-repump-probe spectroscopy on OH− in H-bonded liquids reveals an ultrafast (0.7–1 ps) geminate recombination channel. The process is assigned to formation of short-lieved OH:e− pairs facilitated by the inhomogeneity local H-bonding environment of OH−.
A Short, Efficient Synthesis of Substituted Uracil: An Indane Carbocyclic Nucleoside (2001)

(±)-cis-1-(3-Hydroxymethyl-1-indanyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2,4-dione (1) was synthesised in two steps and with an overall yield of 51% from (±)-cis-3-amino-1-indanylmethanol (4) and 3-ethoxy-2-propenoyl isocyanate (3). The isocyanate 3 was prepared in 76% overall yield by reacting silver cyanate with 3-ethoxy-2-propenoyl chloride (2), which was obtained in one pot from ethyl vinyl ether and oxalyl chloride. The aminoalcohol (4) was prepared from phenylsuccinic anhydride in four steps.
Hydrotalcite-Type Materials Electrodeposited on Open-Cell Metallic Foams as Structured Catalysts (2018)

Structured catalysts based on hydrotalcite-derived coatings on open-cell metallic foams combine tailored basic/acidic sites, relatively high specific surface area and/or metal dispersion of the coating as well as low pressure drop and enhanced heat and mass transfer of the 3D metallic support. The properties of the resulting structured catalysts depend on the coating procedure. We have proposed the electro-base generation method for in situ and fast precipitation of Ni/Al and Rh/Mg/Al hydrotalcite-type materials on FeCrAlloy foams, which after calcination at high temperature give rise to structured catalysts for syngas (CO + H2) production through Steam Reforming and Catalytic Partial Oxidation of CH4. The fundamental understanding of the electrochemical-chemical reactions relevant for the electrodeposition and the influence of electrosynthesis parameters on the properties of the as-deposited coatings as well the resulting structured catalysts and, hence, on their catalytic performance, were summarized.
Origin of the Glassy Magnetic Behavior of the Phase Segregated State of the Perovskites (2004)

In this Letter we demonstrate that the phase segregated state observed in many rare-earth perovskites constitutes a sort of self-generated assembly of magnetic clusters in which magnetic interaction introduces collectivity among them. We show that the observed glassy behavior (memory, aging, etc.) can be perfectly understood taking into account only the intercluster interactions. We address the fundamental question about whether this state constitutes classical spin glass or if, on the other hand, a new universality class must be defined.
An improved array interpolation approach to DOA estimation in correlated signal environments (2004)

Many popular direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimators rely on the fact that the array response vector of the array is Vandermonde, for example, that of a uniform linear array (ULA). Array interpolation is a preprocessing technique to transform the array response vector of a planar array of arbitrary geometry to that of a ULA over an angular sector. While good approximation within the target sector is attained in the existing array interpolation approaches, the response of the interpolated array in the out-of-sector region is at best partially controlled. Accordingly, out-of-sector signals, especially those highly correlated with the in-sector signals, can degrade significantly the performance of DOA estimators (e.g., MUSIC with spatial smoothing) that rely on the Vandermonde form to work correctly. In this paper, we propose an improved array interpolation approach that takes into account the array response over the full azimuth. We present also numerical examples to demonstrate the shortcomings of the existing approaches and the effectiveness of our proposal.