gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrated Framework for Design Optimization Under Aleatory and/or Epistemic Uncertainties Using Adaptive-Loop Method (2005)

In last two decades, significant attentions have been paid to develop design optimization methodologies under various uncertainties: reliability-based design optimization (RBDO), possibility-based design optimization (PBDO), etc. As a result, a variety of methods of uncertainty-based design optimization have been proposed and are mainly catagorized as: parallel-loop method, serial-loop method, and single-loop method. It has been reported that each method has its own strong and weak points. Thus, this paper attempts to understand various methods better, and proposes to develop an integrated framework for uncertainty-based design optimization. In short, the integrated design framework timely involves three phases (deterministic design optimization, parallel-loop method, single-loop method) to maximize numerical efficiency without losing computational stability and accuracy in the process of uncertainty-based design optimization. While the parallel-loop method maintains numerical stability well with a minimal computation, deterministic design optimization and single-loop method will improve numerical efficiency at the beginning and end of uncertainty-based design optimization. Thus, the proposed method is called adaptive-loop method. It will be shown that integrated framework using the proposed method is applicable for various design optimization methodologies under aleatory or epistemic uncertainties, such as RBDO, PBDO, etc. Examples are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of integrated framework using the adaptive-loop method in terms of numerical efficiency.
An Investigation of Uterine Nitric Oxide Production in Mares Susceptible and Resistant to Persistent Breeding‐Induced Endometritis and the Effects of Immunomodulation (2012)

The first objective of this study was to evaluate intrauterine nitric oxide (NO) and endometrial inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in mares susceptible or resistant to persistent breeding-induced endometritis (PBIE) within 24 h after breeding. Mares susceptible (n = 6) or resistant (n = 6) to PBIE were inseminated over five cycles, and uterine secretions and endometrial biopsies were collected before and 2, 6, 12 and 24 h after insemination. Uterine secretions were analysed for NO and biopsies were analyzed for iNOS expression. A second experiment evaluated the effect of treatment with dexamethasone or mycobacterial cell wall extract (MCWE) on uterine NO production and endometrial iNOS mRNA expression. Six susceptible mares were inseminated over three cycles with (i) killed spermatozoa without treatment (control), (ii) killed spermatozoa with 50 mg of dexamethasone IV or (iii) MCWE IV 24 h prior to insemination with killed spermatozoa. Six resistant mares were inseminated with killed spermatozoa as a control. Six hours after breeding, uterine biopsies and secretions were collected and evaluated for NO and iNOS mRNA. In Experiment 1, resistant mares had an increase in iNOS mRNA expression 2 h post-breeding compared to baseline (p = 0.045), 12 h (p = 0.014) and 24 h (p = 0.001). Susceptible mares had higher expression 2 h compared to 6 h (p = 0.046). No differences were observed in mRNA or protein expression of iNOS between resistant and susceptible mares. Resistant mares had a relatively steady amount of total intrauterine NO over 24 h, while susceptible mares had an increase over time, with a significantly higher increase in total NO than resistant mares at 6 (p = 0.04) and 12 h (p = 0.032). In Experiment 2, no differences were observed for iNOS mRNA expression. Susceptible mares had increased NO when compared to resistant mares (p = 0.008) and MCWE decreased NO (p = 0.047).
Localization of active, dually phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 in colorectal cancer with or without activating BRAF and KRAS mutations (2016)

Colorectal cancers (CRC) often show activating mutations of the KRAS or BRAF genes, which stimulate the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, thus increasing cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. However, immunohistochemical results on ERK activation in such tumors differ greatly. Recently, using a highly optimized immunohistochemical method, we obtained evidence that high levels of ERK activation in rectal adenocarcinomas were associated with resistance to radiochemotherapy. In order to determine whether KRAS and/or BRAF mutations correlate to immunohistochemically detectable increases in phosphorylation of ERK (pERK), we stained biopsies from 36 CRC patients with activating mutations in the BRAF gene (BRAFV600E: BRAF(m)), the KRAS gene (KRAS(m)) or in neither (BRAF/KRAS(n)) with this optimized method. Staining was scored in blind-coded specimens by two observers. Staining of stromal cells was used as a positive control. BRAF(m) or KRAS(m) tumors did not show higher staining scores than BRAF/KRAS(n) tumors. Although BRAFV600E staining occurred in over 90% of cancer cells in all 9 BRAF(m) tumors, 3 only showed staining for pERK in less than 10% of cancer cell nuclei. The same applied to 4 of the 14 KRAS(m) tumors. A phophorylation-insensitive antibody demonstrated that lack of pERK staining did not reflect defect expression of ERK1/2 protein. Thus, increased staining for pERK does not correlate to BRAF or KRAS mutations even with a highly optimized procedure. Further studies are required to determine whether this reflects differences in expression of counterregulatory molecules, including ERK phosphatases.
Electrically Controllable Composite Right/Left-Handed Leaky-Wave Antenna Using Liquid Crystals in PCB Technology (2017)

A design method for electrically controllable composite right/left-handed (CRLH) leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) with large beam-steering range employing liquid crystal (LC) in printed circuit board technology is proposed. It is demonstrated with detailed mathematical derivation that the design principle enables the LC-CRLH-LWA to keep the balanced condition with all bias states applied to the LC, yielding LC-CRLH-LWAs that feature a steady balanced condition and a broadband property. Based on this principle, an LC-CRLH-LWA prototype is designed, simulated, optimized, and experimentally validated. According to the simulation results, the designed LC-CRLH-LWA operates in the band from 11.14 to 12.77 GHz with a frequency-agile radiation direction. By tuning the permittivity of LC, the radiation direction of the designed antenna scans from -21° to +23° at the fixed operating frequency of 12.4 GHz. The experimental results agree well with the simulated data. Furthermore, sidelobe level suppression of the designed antenna is achieved through decreasing the reflection between the unit cells of the antenna.
Synthesis and photophysical properties of a novel parachute-shaped C60-porphyrin dyad (1999)

A novel covalently linked C60-porphyrin dyad has been prepd. bycyclopropanation of C60 with a strapped porphyrin malonate. Itsfluorescence spectra show strong quenching of the porphyrin singlet excited state by the attached C60.
Recent Advances in Light-Driven Carbon–Carbon Bond Formation via Carbon Dioxide Activation (2021)

Abstract Carbon dioxide (CO2) is an attractive renewable one-carbon (C1) feedstock in terms of its earth abundance, low cost, and non-toxicity. Developing new catalytic systems to realize the practical insertion of CO2 into organic molecules has been of great importance for ecological economics. In recent years, outstanding improvements have been carried out in the field of light-driven catalytic carboxylation via the activation of CO2 as the key reagent. In this short review, the recent developments of light-promoted carboxylation utilizing CO2 to synthesize value-added chemicals using a dual visible-light photoredox/transition-metal catalyst or a photoredox catalyst are highlighted. 1 Introduction 2 Visible-Light-Driven Carboxylation Using Transition-Metal Photocatalysts 2.1 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Carboxylation of Alkenes 2.2 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Carboxylation of C(sp2)–X (X = Cl, Br, OTf) Bonds 2.3 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Carboxylation of Alkynes 2.4 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Carboxylation of Carbons Attached to Nitrogen 3 Light-Driven Carboxylation via Organo-Photocatalysis 3.1 Photocatalytic Carboxylation of Alkenes 3.2 Photocatalytic Carboxylation of C(sp3)–H Bonds 4 Conclusion
What Do We Know About Product Use? A Technique to Share Use-related Knowledge in Design Teams (2022)

We propose the Envisioning Use workshop technique that enables members of a product development team to share and become aware of knowledge they have and do not have about product use. The technique was developed in an iterative process in which the workshop was executed and evaluated with practicing designers. The technique combines steps in which knowledge is accessed in different ways such as remembering, imagining, experiencing and envisioning product use. The evaluations showed that with this approach a broad spectrum of product use knowledge can be collected in a half-day workshop. The interactive character of the workshop supports sharing knowledge on product use. The workshop should be executed at or before the start of a design project, possibly involving the client. It is applicable to both projects aimed at redesigning an existing product and projects that have a more explorative character.
Mode I traction-separation measured using rigid double cantilever beam applied to structural adhesive (2018)

Adhesive joining facilitates the development of multi-material vehicle structures; however, widespread adoption requires material properties to characterize adhesive joints for implementation in finite element (FE) models. Specifically, modeling adhesive joints using the cohesive zone method requires measuring the Mode I traction-separation response, which currently requires multiple tests. To address this need, a new method to determine the Mode I response was developed using the Rigid Double Cantilever Beam (RDCB) test, where the steel adherend geometry was designed to ensure high stiffness compared to structural epoxy adhesives. The samples were tested in tension with displacements measured from high-resolution imaging of the test. A new analysis method was developed with resulting Mode I traction-separation response within the expected range for this structural adhesive. The analysis was verified using a FE model of the test and compared to Tapered Double Cantilever Beam test data. Importantly, the predicted force-displacement response from the FE model, using the measured traction-separation curve, compared well to the measured force-displacement data. The proposed RDCB test demonstrated the ability to determine the Mode I response of a toughened structural adhesive using a single test, the results of which can then be readily implemented into FE simulations.
Ion Irradiation Damage in (La,Sr)TiO3 Perovskites (2003)

Journal Article Ion Irradiation Damage in (La,Sr)TiO3 Perovskites Get access MG Blackford, MG Blackford Materials and Engineering Science, Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation, PMB 1, Menai, NSW 2234, AUSTRALI Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar KL Smith, KL Smith Materials and Engineering Science, Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation, PMB 1, Menai, NSW 2234, AUSTRALI Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M Colella, M Colella Materials and Engineering Science, Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation, PMB 1, Menai, NSW 2234, AUSTRALI Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar CJ Howard, CJ Howard Materials and Engineering Science, Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation, PMB 1, Menai, NSW 2234, AUSTRALI Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Z Zhang, Z Zhang Materials and Engineering Science, Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation, PMB 1, Menai, NSW 2234, AUSTRALI Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar NJ Zaluzec NJ Zaluzec Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue., Argonne, IL, US Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 9, Issue S02, 1 August 2003, Pages 644–645, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927603443225 Published: 21 July 2003
Distributed optical fibre Raman temperature sensor using a semiconductor light source and detector (1985)

The letter reports on the first experimental measurements of the temperature distribution along silica-based optical fibres using a semiconductor laser source and an avalanche photodiode detector. Previous results by the same authors demonstrated the first use of the Raman scattering technique, but used a less practical ion laser source and a photomultiplier detector.
The Retention of Contractility of Rabbit Myofibrils During Storage at 25 C (1988)

During postmortem storage of muscle at 25 degrees C, myofibrils retained the ability to contract for more than 400 hours under experimental conditions used to prevent bacterial contamination of the meat surface. During t his time, rapid breakdown of troponin T was observed. Storage beyond 500 hours resulted in rapid loss of contractility correlating with proteolysis of the heavy chain of myosin, an din this stage some granules were observed along the whole A-band within the sarcomere.
Therapiekontrolle nach Radiofrequenzablation des hepatozellulären Karzinoms mittels low-MI Kontrastmittelsonographie (2005)

Hintergrund: Die Radiofrequenzablation (RFA) als lokal-ablatives Verfahren wird beim hepatozellulären Karzinom (HCC) bei Kontraindikationen für ein resezierendes Verfahren sowohl in palliativer, als auch in kurativer Indikation angewandt. Die Evaluation der Ausdehnung der therapeutisch induzierten Gewebsnekrose nach RFA und die Verlaufsbeurteilung von HCC Läsionen nach RFA ist zur Beurteilung des Behandlungserfolges und zur sensitiven Detektion eines Rezidives erforderlich. Erst durch Einführung der Kontrastmittelsonographie (CEUS) mit low-MI Imaging sind mittels Ultraschall verlässliche Aussagen über die normale und pathologische Vaskularisation eines Leberherdes unter real-time Bedingungen zu machen. Da kurzfristige Verlaufskontrollen in dreimonatigen Intervallen zum Nachweis eines HCC Rezidives durchgeführt werden müssen, ist die Verlaufsbeurteilung mittels CT oder MRT organisatorisch aufwendig. Eine kontrastmittelsonographische Effektivitätskontrolle der erfolgten Radiofrequenzablation während bzw. direkt nach der sonographisch gesteuerten Intervention wäre sinnvoll und organisatorisch wertvoll. Ziele: Es sollte ermittelt werden, ob mittels low-MI Kontrastmittelsonographie (CEUS) gegenüber der Mehrphasen-MSCT eine vergleichbare Aussage bezüglich der Vollständigkeit einer Ablation nach RFA eines HCC Herdes erreicht werden kann. Material und Methoden: Bei 52 Patienten mit insgesamt 85 HCC Läsionen wurde vor und nach Radiofrequenzablation eine CEUS mit dem Ultraschallkontrastmittel Sonovue in realtime low-MI-Technik durchgeführt. Einschlusskriterium vor RFA war die Kontrastmittelaufnahme der HCC Läsion in der (früh-)arteriellen Phase. Diese wurde in 90% (n=77/85) beobachtet. Ergebnisse: Es wurden bei 43 Patienten mit 77 HCC Läsionen prospektiv vor und 1 Woche nach RFA die CEUS durchgeführt und anschließend mit den Ergebnissen der Mehrphasen-MSCT verglichen. Hierbei zeigte sich eine Übereinstimmung in 92%. Die Sensitivität der CEUS in der Detektion von unvollständigen HCC Ablationen war 89%. Die Spezifität lag bei 93%. Zusammenfassung: Verglichen mit der Mehrphasen-MSCT weist die Kontrastmittelsonographie in low-MI Technik eine vergleichbar gute Sensitivität und Spezifität in der Erfolgskontrolle eines durch RFA behandelten HCC auf.
Advanced Combustion System Solutions for Increasing Thermal Efficiency in Natural Gas Engines While Meeting Future Demand for Low NOx Emissions (2007)

Key requirements for state of the art industrial gas engines are high engine thermal efficiency, high engine brake mean effective pressure (BMEP), low NOx emissions, and acceptable spark plug life. Fundamentally, as engine thermal efficiency and power density increase, along with the requirement of reduced NOx emissions, the pressure at the time of ignition increases. This results in a higher spark breakdown voltage that negatively affects spark plug life. This problem is resolved with a smaller electrode gap and high spark energy to overcome quenching effects during ignition kernel development. High flow fields in the spark gap region are required to assure the spreading of the discharge, which reduces the rate of electrode erosion. In addition, these high flow fields overcome mixture inhomogeneities by developing large ignition kernels. These large ignition kernels, inside the prechamber spark plug, produce high velocity flame jets into the main chamber enhancing combustion, which results in thermal efficiency gains at lower NOx levels and higher BMEP. The advanced combustion system solution discussed in this paper is the combination of high-energy ignition and a prechamber spark plug with flow fields at the electrode gap. Future developments include improved ion signal quality detonation detection resulting in additional gains in thermal efficiency.
Compressed Domain Object Tracking for Automatic Indexing of Objects in MPEG Home Videos (2002)

International audience
Role of microRNA-30c Targeting ADAM19 in Colorectal Cancer (2015)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are deregulated in a number of cancers including colorectal cancer. MiR-30c belongs to miR-30 family, and is involved in a variety of malignant diseases. In this study, we detected the expression of miR-30c in colon cancer cell lines and clinical colon cancer specimens. MiR-30c was shown to be dramatically down-regulated both in cell lines and cancer tissues. Additionally, miR-30c could inhibit cancer cell growth, migration and invasion in vitro. Consistently, stable over-expression of miR-30c inhibited the growth and lung metastasis of colon cancer cell xenografts in vivo. Furthermore, bioinformatics algorithm and luciferase reporter assay indicated ADAM19 as a direct target of miR-30c. Of interest, further experiments demonstrated that inhibition of ADAM19 by miR-30c partially mediated the anti-tumor effect of miR-30c. Overall, our study provides the new insight that miR-30c inhibited colon cancer cells via targeting ADAM19. Thus, miR-30c might serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for colon cancer treatment.
Optimal reception, performance bound, and cutoff rate analysis of references-assisted coherent CDMA communications with applications (1999)

Coherent spread-spectrum communications with transmitted reference-based, also called pilot-based, channel estimation is considered for code-division multiple-access (CDMA) communications over fading channels. Both noncontiguous time-division multiplexed reference symbol-based and continuous code-division multiplexed channel-based schemes are described. Assuming mean square error or optimal robust channel estimation, we derive the optimal receiver structure with a maximum-likelihood convolutional decoder. In addition, the Bhattacharyya bound and the cutoff rate of the reference-assisted coherent communications are derived. These analytical results are used for evaluating system performance and for selecting parameters such as coding rate and the data to reference power ratio to optimize system performance. Simulation results are given showing that the reverse link performance in a CDMA system can be significantly improved by using the reference-assisted coherent communication instead of noncoherent reception of orthogonally coded signal.
Boosting Home WiFi Throughputs via Adaptive DAS Clustering of PLC Extenders (2021)

WiFi-capable PLC (Poiver Line Communications) plug-and-play extenders are becoming popular to improve WiFi range and coverage in homes and enterprises. As shown in prior work, unlike an Ethernet backhaul, the PLC backhaul may not support high data rates. In addition, clients (users) that are either far or partially occluded from the WiFi-PLC extender they associate with can experience fading and shadowing, which degrades the throughput on the wireless link. Thus, both the PLC and WiFi backhauls will influence a user’s end-to-end throughput. In this paper, we seek to exploit the presence of multiple PLC extenders that may be plugged in, by combining their transmissions in a distributed antenna system (DAS), to boost client throughputs in a home setting. Specifically, we design PLC-DAS to determine which PLC extenders are the best candidates for forming a joint DAS transmitter cluster to each client. PLC-DAS is designed based on a real measurement study and not only accounts for the WiFi link qualities from the extenders to the users, but also the PLC link qualities from each extender to a master router which is typically deployed in homes. PLC-DAS is flexible and can maximize the throughput under different fairness objectives. We evaluate PLC-DAS via extensive simulations and show that it can increase the aggregate throughput by up to 4.5x compared to blindly using all WiFi PLC extenders to form a DAS transmitter, while maintaining a fairness Jain’s index value of at least 0.97 with proportional and max-min fairness models.
Blind Compressed Sensing (2010)

The fundamental principle underlying compressed sensing is that a signal, which is sparse under some basis representation, can be recovered from a small number of linear measurements. However, prior knowledge of the sparsity basis is essential for the recovery process. This work introduces the concept of blind compressed sensing, which avoids the need to know the sparsity basis in both the sampling and the recovery process. We suggest three possible constraints on the sparsity basis that can be added to the problem in order to make its solution unique. For each constraint we prove conditions for uniqueness, and suggest a simple method to retrieve the solution. Under the uniqueness conditions, and as long as the signals are sparse enough, we demonstrate through simulations that without knowing the sparsity basis our methods can achieve results similar to those of standard compressed sensing, which relay on prior knowledge of the sparsity basis. This offers a general sampling and reconstruction system that fits all sparse signals, regardless of the sparsity basis, under the conditions and constraints presented in this work.