gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Simple Means to Immobilize Enzyme into Conducting Polymers via Entrapment (2006)

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene) (PEDT), obtained by chemical vapor phase polymerization can shrink to 5% of its original thickness during a washing step. This phenomenon was exploited to immobilize the active enzyme, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), into PEDT films by rinsing with an ethanol solution containing HRP. The use of the PEDT-HRP as an amperometric biosensor was demonstrated by sensing in phosphate buffered saline solution with a sensitivity of . The stability of the immobilization of HRP into the ''stuffed'' PEDT matrix was also characterized by repeated amperometric detection and scanning electron microscopy mapping images obtained before and after exposure to .
Non-neutralizing antibodies in prevention of HIV infection (2012)

We hypothesize that selection of HIV for the poor ability to elicit bnAb has also selected it for slow entry into cells and a window of opportunity for pnnAb to tag virus for destruction by innate immune responses.
Whole grain consumption trends and associations with body weight measures in the United States: results from the cross sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2012 (2015)

Although most children and adults meet daily intake goals for grain foods overall, whole grain as a portion of total grain intake continues to be consumed at levels well below recommendations. The data from the current study suggest that greater whole grain consumption is associated with better intakes of nutrients and healthier body weight in children and adults. Continued efforts to promote increased intake of whole grain foods are warranted.
Demonstration of a glycoprotein derived from the 24p3 gene in mouse uterine luminal fluid (1996)

A glycoprotein in mouse uterine luminal fluid was purified to homogeneity via a series of purification steps involving Sephadex G-100 chromatography, Sephadex G-50 chromatography and HPLC on a reverse-phase C18 column, in that order. Automated Edman degradation was unable to determine the N-terminal residue of the glycoprotein and the partial sequences determined from its trypsin digests were found to be identical with the protein sequence deduced from 24p3 cDNA. The core protein and the total amount of carbohydrate together gave a molecular mass of 25.8 kDa. Results from the characterization of the glycopeptide bond indicated the presence of N-linked carbohydrate but no O-linked carbohydrate in the protein, which has two potential sites for N-linked carbohydrate at Asn81 and Asn85, as deduced from analysis of the primary structure. The core protein was shown to have a molecular mass equal to that of the putative protein deduced from cDNA, suggesting that this protein may contain no signal peptide. Results of Northern-blot analysis for various tissues of adult mice revealed that the 24p3 gene was expressed in lung, spleen, uterus, vagina and epididymis.
Markov Switching Dynamics in REIT Returns: Univariate and Multivariate Evidence (2012)

The fact that REIT returns display rich dynamic time series properties, such as conditional heteroskedasticity and time-varying risk premia, has recently come to the forefront of the real estate finance literature. In this paper we document the presence of Markov switching regimes in expected returns, variances, and in the implied reward-to-risk ratio of REIT returns and compare them to properties of non-REIT stock and bond returns. In a Markov switching model conditional means, variances, and covariances depend on an unobservable Markov state variable that can assume a finite number of values characterizing the state of the financial market at each time. We analyze the relative in-sample descriptive performance of regime switching and alternative time series models such as multivariate GARCH. Interestingly, our evidence suggests that regime switching techniques may more successfully fit the monthly return series for REITs, stocks, and bonds over the period 1972-2008.When this evidence is extended to a multivariate setting in which REIT, stock, and bond returns are modeled jointly, we find that the data call for the specification of rich structures with as many as four separate states. This results from the absence of complete synchronicity among the regimes that characterize univariate REIT, stock, and bond returns. This finding may have considerable importance as it implies that for REITs there may exist an important de-coupling between the standard notion of (linear) correlation and of “association,” in the sense that REIT returns may co-move with the returns of other asset classes much less than commonly believed on the basis of their correlation coefficients.
Attachment of Giardia lamblia to rat intestinal epithelial cells. (1988)

The human enteric protozoan, Giardia lamblia, has surface membrane lectin activity which mediates parasite adherence to erythrocytes. To determine whether an intestinal binding site exists for this lectin we have studied the interaction in vitro between axenically cultured Giardia trophozoites and isolated rat intestinal epithelial cells. Scanning electron microscopy showed that Giardia attached to the apical microvillus membrane and basolateral membrane of rat enterocytes. Any location on the parasite surface could mediate attachment without predeliction for the ventral disc. Trophozoites attached more avidly to jejunal compared with colonic epithelial cells. Attachment was inhibited at 4 degrees C, by sugars and glycoproteins containing D-mannosyl residues and by subagglutinating concentrations of anti-Giardia rabbit serum and two monoclonal antibodies, all with reactivity to parasite surface membrane determinants. Trypsinisation of trophozoites also reduced attachment but the ability to attach was rapidly restored after returning trophozoites to TYI-S culture medium for 4 h at 37 degrees C. Attachment was unaltered by the presence of the microfilament inhibitor cytochalasin B and in the absence of Ca++ and Mg++ ions. These findings support previous work that Giardia possesses a surface membrane mannose binding lectin and indicate that appropriate binding sites are present on rat intestinal epithelial cells. This lectin may play a part in mediating adherence of Giardia to mammalian intestine and could be a target for host immune defence.
New hybrid direct-torque control for a winding rotor synchronous machine (2004)

In this paper, we present a novel control strategy for motor drivers, which we have called 'hybrid direct-torque control'. Based on models of both motor and inverters, the hybrid control uses a formal representation of inverter-machine behavior to determine the optimal switching state and vector application time. In contrast to conventional direct-torque control, which is based on the presence of hysteresis controllers and a switching table, the hybrid control involves tracking reference values of the electrical state in the state space. Observers and estimators of torque and flux are unnecessary. This control scheme is applied to a winding rotor synchronous motor.
Ship Routing and Scheduling: Status and Perspectives (2004)

The objective of this paper is to review the current status of ship routing and scheduling. We focus on literature published during the last decade. Because routing and scheduling problems are closely related to many other fleet planning problems, we have divided this review into several parts. We start at the strategic fleet planning level and discuss the design of fleets and sea transport systems. We continue with the tactical and operational fleet planning level and consider problems that comprise various ship routing and scheduling aspects. Here, we separately discuss the different modes of operations: industrial, tramp, and liner shipping. Finally, we take a glimpse at naval applications and other related problems that do not naturally fall into these categories. The paper also presents some perspectives regarding future developments and use of optimization-based decision-support systems for ship routing and scheduling. Several of the trends indicate both accelerating needs for and benefits from such systems and, hopefully, this paper will stimulate further research in this area.
Autologous pericardial pulmonary conduit with single point attached commissures in a sheep model☆☆☆ (2007)

This novel autologous pericardial pulmonary conduit with SPAC can be reliably produced in a very short time intraoperatively before cardiopulmonary by-pass. The simplicity of construction, biocompatibility and freedom of stenosis or thrombosis makes this autologous pulmonary conduit especially useful for patients at locations where homografts are not readily available.
Therapeutic Characterization and Efficacy of Bacteriophage Cocktails Infecting Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterobacter Species (2019)

Infections due to antibiotic resistant bacteria are increasing globally and this needs immediate attention. Bacteriophages are considered an effective alternative for the treatment of bacterial infections. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize the bacteriophages that infect <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, and <i>Enterobacter</i> species. For this, clinical bacterial isolates of the mentioned species were obtained from diagnostic centers located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. The bacteriophages were isolated from sewage water samples collected from Tamil Nadu, India. Phage isolation was performed using enrichment method and agar overlay method was used to confirm the presence of bacteriophages. All the phages were characterized for their life cycle parameters, genome analysis, and <i>in vitro</i> phage cocktail activity. The three bacteriophages exhibited broad host range activity: <i>Escherichia</i> virus myPSH2311 infecting <i>E. coli</i> belonging to six different pathotypes, <i>Klebsiella</i> virus myPSH1235 infecting <i>K. pneumoniae</i> belonging to four different serotypes and <i>Enterobacter</i> virus myPSH1140 infecting four different species of <i>Enterobacter</i>. Morphological observations suggested that the bacteriophages belonged to, <i>Phieco32virus</i> (<i>Escherichia</i> virus myPSH2311), <i>Podoviridae</i> (<i>Klebsiella</i> virus myPSH1235), and <i>Myoviridae</i> (<i>Enterobacter</i> virus myPSH1140). The life cycles (adsorption, latent period, and cell burst) of <i>Escherichia</i> virus myPSH2311, <i>Klebsiella</i> virus myPSH1235 and <i>Enterobacter</i> virus myPSH1140 were found to be 26, 40, and 11 min, respectively. Genomic analysis revealed that <i>Escherichia</i> virus myPSH2311 is closely related to <i>Escherichia</i> phage vB_EcoP_SU10, <i>Klebsiella</i> virus myPSH1235 is closely related to <i>Klebsiella</i> phage vB_KpnP_KpV48 and <i>Enterobacter</i> virus myPSH1140 is closely related to <i>Enterobacter</i> phage PG7 and <i>Enterobacter</i> phage CC31. When phage cocktail was used against multiple bacterial mixtures, there was a reduction in bacterial load from 10<sup>6</sup> to 10<sup>3</sup> CFU/mL within 2 h. All the three characterized phages were found to have a broad host range activity and the prepared phage cocktails were effective against mixed bacterial population that are resistant to meropenem and colistin, two last resort antibiotics. Infections caused by drug resistant bacteria will be a serious threat in the future and the use of virulent bacteriophages in therapy may offer an effective solution.
Targeting the CTLA-4/B7 axes in glioblastoma: preclinical evidence and clinical interventions (2022)

CTLA-4 could be a possible supplement for future cancer immunotherapies of GBM. However, many challenges remain such as the high toxicity of CTLA-4 blockers, and the unresponsiveness of most patients to immunotherapy. For the future clinical success of CTLA-4 blocker therapy, combination approaches with other targeted treatments would be a potentially effective strategy. Going forward, predictive biomarkers can be used to reduce trial timelines and increase the chance of success.
Fracturing Design Aimed at Enhancing Fracture Complexity (2010)

The potential for shale formations as a source of gas production has been recognized. However, shale permeability in a nano-Darcy scale represents a significant technological challenge to recover trapped hydrocarbon effectively. The fracturing of wells has been widely used to enhance the economic aspects of the reservoir. Connecting the created hydraulic fractures to the natural fractures or induced-stress fractures would further improve the productivity of the wells. Fracturing heterogeneous (naturally fractured) formation involves unique aspects in the fracturing processes, rock mechanics, and fluid-flow aspects.In some cases, the natural fractures might not be sufficiently conductive or could be held closed during fracturing operations as a result of the existing in-situ stresses. In this paper, hydraulic fracturing-design techniques to neutralize the stress anisotropy in the formation to allow the opening of the natural fractures during the hydraulic-fracture propagation are presented. Overcoming anisotropy effects would allow the operator to inject moderate amounts of proppant into the natural fractures and maximize the contact area within the reservoir.Geomechanics development behind these techniques is presented in this paper. The presented technology would allow operators to optimize placement of fractures across the horizontal well based on the geomechanics properties of the formation. The fluid-flow aspects of these enhanced completion processes are also discussed.
Prevalence, severity, and heritability of Stephanofilaria lesions on cattle in central and southern Queensland, Australia (2006)

Observations of cattle in central and southern Queensland are collated to define the prevalence and area of Stephanofilaria lesions associated with infestations of the buffalo fly, Haematobia irritans exigua. The observations were made on herds that were being used for other purposes. In a survey of ~1500 animals at Belmont in central Queensland in 1982, 98% of cows and 70% of calves had lesions. Most lesions were on the neck and dewlap and 10% were raw and weeping at the time of sampling. The total area of lesions per animal was strongly related to cattle breed and age. Old Bos taurus animals had the greatest area of lesions, whereas young Bos indicus had the least. Heritability estimates were low, averaging 0.01 for calves and 0.18 for cows. A smaller survey of cows and steers at Craighoyle in central Queensland in 1986 showed a higher numbers of lesions and positive correlations between the total lesion area and animal size. The lesion area increased with tick survival, suggesting that tick-resistant animals are also resistant to Stephanofilaria infection. Steers had smaller areas of lesions than cows, as found previously with cattle ticks. Long-term monitoring observations in central and southern Queensland between 1981 and 1986 showed that the total area of lesions was seasonal with a peak in late summer, consistent with the seasonal incidence of buffalo fly. Animals segregated into Low and High lesion herds maintained their differences over time. The lesions penetrated the dermis of the cattle hides and rendered the affected area unusable, but few lesions occurred on valuable parts of the hide so such economic effects are likely to be insignificant. One animal nearly died of a haemorrhage from a lesion on the dewlap and had to be treated. The results can inform policy on buffalo fly control, and biosecurity preparations in relation to the potential establishment of the Old World screw-worm fly, Chrysomyia bezziana, in Australia, which will be facilitated by the lesions. The results emphasise the significant animal welfare and biosecurity risks posed by the lesions in northern Australia.
MONitoring Knockbacks in EmergencY (MONKEY) - An Audit of Outcomes in Emergency Patients with Rejected Admission Requests (2022)

Abstract Background Emergency department (ED) clinicians commonly experience difficulties in referring patients to inpatient teams for hospital admission. There is limited literature reporting on patient outcomes following these complicated referrals, where ED requests for inpatient admission are rejected – termed a ‘knockback’. Study Objective: To identify disposition outcomes in ED patients whose admission referral was initially rejected, i.e., encountered a ‘knockback.’ Secondary objectives were to identify additional factors associated with knockbacks. Methods A prospective audit of patients identified as having knockbacks over two time periods (Jan-Feb 2020 and Aug 2020 to Jan 2021) at a tertiary Australian ED. Data was analysed with a mixed-methods approach and subsequent descriptive and thematic analyses were performed. Results A total of 109 patients were identified as knockbacks. Despite the knockback, 89.0% of cases (n = 97) ultimately required a hospital admission. Moreover, in 60.6% (n = 66) of the admissions, patients were admitted under the inpatient team initially referred to by the ED. There was a statistically significant link between the number of in-hospital units involved in the admission process and the ED length of stay (Pearson correlation 0.404, p &lt; 0.001). Patient factors associated with knockbacks include pre-existing chronic medical conditions and presenting acutely unwell. In line with previous studies, analysis of clinicians’ perspectives yielded recurring themes of disagreements over admission destination and diagnostic uncertainty. Conclusion The admission process of patients from the ED to inpatient teams is often an arduous process complicated by numerous factors and is associated with an increased ED length of stay. However, ED clinicians accurately referred to the correct inpatient unit in almost two thirds of this patient sample, and most patients required an inpatient admission. Knockbacks may adversely affect patient care and warrant further focused discussion and clearer referral guidelines between ED clinicians and their inpatient colleagues.
Completion Damage (2022)

Abstract Formation damage has received significant attention over many years as one of the primary reasons for well productivity impairment, to the detriment of completion damage. The objective of this paper is to redress this imbalance and to focus on the central role that completion damage has on well productivity. Formation damage is a reduction in inflow performance due to damage of the near wellbore, while completion damage is an increased pressure drop effecting the lower completion, e.g., plugging of sand screens. A completion damage classification system is presented for the first time that relates this damage type to lower completion design throughout well lifetime. In addition, a review of some of the fluid qualification tests has been performed. Fluid compatibility. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to determine the displacement efficiency from drilling to completion fluid in a candidate well, and hence the mixing ratio of drilling fluid to completion fluid to be used in compatibility tests. Furthermore, CFD simulations provided an indication of the likely shear rates occurring during displacement that were later used in the testing. Fluid stability. To determine the influence of sag on fluid displacement efficiency, CFD was used to model the worst-case situation where all the weighting agent came out of suspension. Using the displacement efficiency and shear rates obtained, a new dynamic completion damage test was devised to determine the potential for screen plugging. Finally, an overview will be presented of how Equinor's approach to completion damage has changed because of this study, with increased focus on achieving a better balance in the evaluation of formation and completion damage.
Event detection in video using motion analysis (2010)

Digital video is being used widely in a variety of applications such as entertainment, surveillance and security. Large amount of video in surveillance and security requires systems capable of processing video to automatically detect and recognize events to alleviate the load on humans and enable preventive actions when events are detected. The main objective of this work is the analysis of computer vision techniques and algorithms to perform automatic detection of specific events in video sequences. This paper presents a surveillance system based on motion analysis and introduces the idea of event probability zones. Advantages, limitations, capabilities and possible solution alternatives are also discussed. The result is a system capable of detecting events of objects moving in opposing direction in a predefined context or running in the scene; the results showed precision greater than 50% and recall greater than 80%.
Requirements for IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) (2004)

This memo defines requirements for the export of measured IP flow
information out of routers, traffic measurement probes, and
middleboxes. This memo provides information for the Internet
community.
Optical and Electrical Properties of La-Modified (Pb-Ba)Nb2O6 Ferroelectric Ceramics (1991)

Optical and electrical properties, together with phase transitions, were investigated for thc lanthanum-modificd lead-barium metaniobate (Pb 1- y Ba y ) 1- x La x Nb 2- x /5 O 6 . Hot-pressed ceramics with compositions near the orthorhombic-tetragonal morphotropic phase boundary were found to have excellent optical characteristics and high piezoelectricity.
ChemInform Abstract: Setting the Bridgehead Oxidation Level in trans‐Tricyclo(9.3.1.03,8) pentadecanes as a Prelude to the Dual Synthesis of Taxol and Taxusin. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Direct pointer (2006)

This paper describes the design and evaluation of a technique, Direct Pointer, that enables users to interact intuitively with large displays using cameras equipped on handheld devices, such as mobile phones and personal digital assistant (PDA). In contrast to many existing interaction methods that attempt to address the same problem, ours offers direct manipulation of the pointer position with continuous visual feedback. The primary advantage of this technique is that it only requires equipment that is readily available: an electronic display, a handheld digital camera, and a connection between the two. No special visual markers in the display content are needed, nor are fixed cameras pointing at the display. We evaluated the performance of Direct Pointer as an interaction product, showing that it performs as well as comparable techniques that require more sophisticated equipment.
Christina Leypold, Bankettgebäude in griechischen Heiligtümern. Wiesbaden L. Reichert, 2008 (2010)

Van haeperen Françoise. Christina Leypold, Bankettgebäude in griechischen Heiligtümern. Wiesbaden L. Reichert, 2008. In: L'antiquité classique, Tome 79, 2010. pp. 524-525.