gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Terumo Implantable Left Ventricular Assist System: Results of Long–Term Animal Study (2000)

The research group of Terumo Corporation, NTN Corporation, and the Setsunan University have been developing an implantable left ventricular assist system (T-ILVAS) featuring a centrifugal blood pump with a magnetically suspended impeller (MSCP). The present study describes results of chronic animal experiments using the MSCP. The MSCP has been tested ex vivo and in vivo in 6 sheep as a left heart bypass between the left ventricular apex and descending aorta. Ex vivo chronic sheep experiments using Model I demonstrated long-term durability, nonthrombogenicity, low hemolysis (<6 mg/dl), and excellent stability of the magnetic bearing with long-term survival for up to 864 days. Average pump flow rate was 4 L/min at a fixed rotational speed of 2000 rpm. Power spectral analyses of heart rate, aortic pressure, and blood temperature maintained normal 1/f fluctuation during the study. The retrieved pump was completely free from thrombus formation and there was no evidence of infarct in major organs. The implantable Model II was evaluated ex vivo in two sheep and intra-thoracically implanted in a sheep. These experiments were terminated at 70, 79, and 17 days due to blood leakage through the connector system within the housing. No thrombus formation was observed in any of the retrieved pumps. A modified Model II with a new connector system was subsequently intra-thoracically implanted in a sheep. The sheep survived for 482 days without any sign of thromboembolic complication or hemolysis at a fixed rotational speed of 1700 rpm and an average pump flow rate of 5 L/min. There was no intra-device thrombus formation or infarct in major organs. The Model III system, consisting of an implantable controller and a new MSCP with a reduced input power of 13 W, has been developed and implanted in a chronic sheep model. The MSCP was implanted in the left pleural space and the controller in the abdominal wall. The experiment is still in progress for more than 30 days without any significant complication to date. These animal studies strongly suggest the feasibility of the MSCP for use as long-term circulatory assist.
Analysis of n-Si(111) during photocurrent oscillations in Fluoridic solutions (2011)

The surface condition of n-Si(111) exposed to an acidic fluoride solution under white light illumination is strongly influenced by the applied electrode potential. Photocurrent oscillations at n-Si(111) are investigated in-situ by ellipsometry and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In-situ ellipsometric data show that the current oscillation is concomitant with the fluctuation of the optical parameters D and Y. The FTIR investigations revelate that the Si-O signal has a self-oscillating mode and varies by more than ± 20% what explains the fluctuation in D and Y.
국내 종대황 (種大黃)의 기원과 분류 (2017)

Background : Undulatum Rhubarb, commonly produced in domestic, is rhizome of Rheum undulatum L. that belongs to the family Polygonaceae. It also can be used as a substitute of R. palmatum L., R. tanguticum Maximowicz ex Balf., and R. officinale Baillon which completely depend on import system. However, there should be clear clarification among Undulatum Rhubarb and Rhubarb, because Undulatum Rhubarb contains rhaponticin as marker compound that is not indicated at Rhubarb. Some of the recently imported Undulatum Rhubarbs have been found to be Rhubarb. Also, it is known that only Undulatum Rhubarb is cultivated at domestic environment. But some plant origins of Rhubarb are grown in Korea, too. Further study are needed to clarify clear origin between Undulatum Rhubarb and Rhubarb. Thus, we collected some domestically cultivated samples and identified them. Methods and Reseults : Rheum undulatum L., Rhubarb, Rheum tanguticum Maximowicz ex Balf. which were cultivated in Gangwondo Agricultural Research and Extension Services in Cheorwon were collected and anayzed the DNA sequences. We also compared DNA sequences in Rhubarb collected from England and R. rhabarbarum L., R. undulatum L., and R. franzenbachii on NCBI. As a result, two kinds of rhubarb cultivated in the test plantation were identified as R. rhabarbarum and R. officinale. In addition, R. undulatum (plant origin of Undulatum Rhubarb) was identified as Rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum) in England with 99 - 100% identical in nuclear ITS gene region. Conclusion : R. undulatum, plant origin of Undulatum Rhubarb, is reported as synonym of R. rhabarbarum, R. franzenbachii. Rheum speices which are cultivated as tester in Gangwondo Agricultural Research and Extension Services in Cheorwon are estimated as R. undulatum and R. officinale. Therefore, not only Undulatum Rhubarb but Rhubarb could be grown in Korea.
A comparison of haemocoagulation tests in the experimental endotoxin model DIC and in rats whole-body irradiated by 250 Gy. (1993)

Based on comparing results of tests followed in the present work between the endotoxin model of the disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and irradiated groups of rats we consider that after the whole-body irradiation by a high dose of 250 Gy, the DIC occurs, in spite of the fact that the first stage--hypercoagulation condition, can be hardly observed. In the experimental endotoxin model, an increase of activated partial thromboplastin test (APTT) values and prolongation of the thrombin time was observed up to 24 hours in both endotoxin doses. After both endotoxin doses, the fibrinogen level was transiently decreased with its subsequent increase. The fibrin monomers correspond to decreasing the fibrinogen level. After the first dose, they were positive between the 3rd and 12th hours and after the second dose, the positivity was observed 6 hours after the application. The antithrombin III level was decreased after 12 hours in both endotoxin doses. The thrombocyte count was considerably reduced already from the 6th hour after administering endotoxin to the end of the experiment. Considerable changes of the thrombocyte aggregation were observed only 3 hours after administering the second dose. When comparing the resulting values of these tests with values observed in irradiated animals, then we can see a certain agreement in the nature of the changes after the exposure to 250 Gy. The fibrinogen level was transiently decreased 3 hours after irradiation, when considerable changes in the thrombocyte aggregation also occurred.
Direct Blue 71 staining of proteins bound to blotting membranes (2000)

A sensitive staining method for protein blots using Direct Blue 71 is described. It is based on the selective binding of dye molecules to proteins in acidic solution and produces bluish violet colored bands. It is a simple and rapid procedure, involving only staining and rinsing steps that occur within 7 min. The sensitivity of this method is 5—10 ng of protein on nitrocellulose (NC) and 10—20 ng on polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), which is tenfold better than that of the commonly used Ponceau S staining. Moreover, the staining is reversible for subsequent immunostaining, without impairing immunoreactivity. To remove the dye from the developed bands, changes in pH and hydrophobicity of the solvent are required. Due to its sensitivity, rapidity, simplicity, and low cost, this stain may be more practical than other dye-based stains or metal-based stains for routine laboratory purposes.
Cost and benefit considerations for implementing an open systems approach to integrated diagnostics (1999)

The Department of Defense recently completed a study that recommended an information-based approach to implementing an open architecture for integrating diagnostic functions as a critical and enabling step towards achieving the Department's strategic goals of reducing total ownership cost, shortening cycle time for technology insertion and increasing interoperability of fielded systems. There are, however, a number of challenges to successfully implementing an integrated diagnostic process on a weapon systems program to realize these benefits. The underlying source of these challenges is often the less than formal way for test and diagnostics engineers to participate in the systems engineering process and thereby compete for investment resources. To effectively participate in the trade-off studies associated with this process, a clear association must be made between the investment required for a particular integrated diagnostic functionality and the benefits that would be derived. This paper will explore a generic framework for addressing such cost and benefit considerations. To accomplish this, an open, information-based architecture for integrated diagnostics will be defined along with how it would be applied throughout a product life-cycle and the linkage of these capabilities with generic life cycle cost elements. Commercial and government systems will be used to validate these assertions.
Experimental Study of Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury Using a Physical Head Model (2009)

This study was conducted to quantify intracranial biomechanical responses and external blast overpressures using physical head model to understand the biomechanics of blast traumatic brain injury and to provide experimental data for computer simulation of blast-induced brain trauma. Ellipsoidal-shaped physical head models, made from 3-mm polycarbonate shell filled with Sylgard 527 silicon gel, were used. Six blast tests were conducted in frontal, side, and 45 degrees oblique orientations. External blast overpressures and internal pressures were quantified with ballistic pressure sensors. Blast overpressures, ranging from 129.5 kPa to 769.3 kPa, were generated using a rigid cannon and 1.3 to 3.0 grams of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) plastic sheet explosive (explosive yield of 13.24 kJ and TNT equivalent mass of 2.87 grams for 3 grams of material). The PETN plastic sheet explosive consisted of 63% PETN powder, 29% plasticizer, and 8% nitrocellulose with a density of 1.48 g/cm3 and detonation velocity of 6.8 km/s. Propagation and reflection of the shockwave was captured using a shadowgraph technique. Shockwave speeds ranging from 423.3 m/s to 680.3 m/s were recorded. The model demonstrated a two-stage response: a pressure dominant (overpressure) stage followed by kinematic dominant (blast wind) stage. Positive pressures in the brain simulant ranged from 75.1 kPa to 1095 kPa, and negative pressures ranged from -43.6 kPa to -646.0 kPa. High- and normal-speed videos did not reveal observable deformations in the brain simulant from the neutral density markers embedded in the midsagittal plane of the head model. Amplitudes of the internal positive and negative pressures were found to linearly correlate with external overpressure. Results from the current study suggested a pressure-dominant brain injury mechanism instead of strain injury mechanism under the blast severity of the current study. These quantitative results also served as the validation and calibration data for computer simulation models of blast brain injuries.
Procarboxypeptidase A activation segment compared to structures of other proteins. (1989)

The 94-residue activation segment of procarboxypeptidase A was compared with segments of other proteins. No significant homologies were observed towards other activation segments, but an inter-domain segment preceding the serine-protease part of complement factor B showed some structural relationships with the N-terminal region of the procarboxypeptidase A activation segment. This may reflect common functional and organizational patterns. In contrast, the present comparisons do not give functional or further sequence support to previously proposed structural homologies with helix-loop-helix (EF-hand) calcium-binding proteins.
Kinetics of pre-reduction of manganese ore by CO (2012)

The degree of reduction of the higher oxides of manganese to the lowest oxide, MnO, achieved during the pre-reduction of manganese ore has a direct impact on the energy consumption for the subsequent smelting process. For ferruginous manganese ores, understanding the kinetics of pre-reduction is also useful for controlling the process parameters to optimise specific power consumption and maximise the metal recovery for upgrading by magnetic separation. The effects of reduction temperature, gas composition and particle size on the rate of reduction were investigated. Based on experimental results, the controlling step and activation energy for this reduction process were determined, and the rate expression was also developed.
Collapsed 12-Node Triangular Elements as Crack Tip Elements for Elastic Fracture (1977)

Abstract : For the 12-node bicubic, quadrilateral, isoparametric elements, it is shown that the inverse square root singularity of the strain field at the crack tip can be obtained by the simple technique of collapsing the quadrilateral element into triangular elements around the crack tip and placing the two mid- side nodes of each side of the triangles at 1/9 and 4/9 of the length of the side from the tip. This is analgous to placing the mid-side nodes at quarter points in the vicinity of the crack tip for the quadratic, isoparametric element. The advantages of this method are that the displacement compatibility is satisfied throughout the region and that there is no need of special crack tip elements. The stress intensity factors can be accurately obtained by using general purpose programs having isoparametric elements such as NASTRAN. The use of 12-node isoparametric element program APES may be simplified by eliminating the special crack tip elements.
Toughness in synthetic and biological multilayered systems (2002)

Toughness in hard biological tissues is associated with fibrous or lamellar structures that deflect or stop growing cracks. In some cases, such as nacreous shell, protein interlayers absorb much of the crack energy. In other tissues, such as tooth enamel, the toughness derives from the mineral microstructure, and the small amount of residual protein apparently has little effect. There have been a number of efforts to make tough synthetic materials using layered structures. In this work, freeform fabrication has been used to make layered structures with a view to introducing similar toughness into brittle materials. Results are presented for epoxy-glass composites with glass fabric interlayers, porous alumina back-filled with aluminium metal, and layered glass-ceramic/silver materials.
Association ofGATA3Polymorphisms With Minimal Residual Disease and Relapse Risk in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2020)

Inherited GATA3 variant rs3824662 strongly influences ALL response to remission induction therapy and is associated with relapse. This work highlights the potential utility of germline variants in upfront risk stratification in ALL.
A digitally enhanced 1.8-V 15-bit 40-MSample/s CMOS pipelined ADC (2004)

analog-to-digital converter with 90-dB spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) and 72-dB peak signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) over the full Nyquist band is presented. Its differential and integral nonlinearities are 0.25 LSB and 1.5 LSB, respectively, and its power consumption is 400 mW. This performance is enabled by digital background calibration of internal digital-to-analog converter (DAC) noise and interstage gain errors. The calibration achieves improvements of better than 12 dB in signal-to-noise plus distortion ratio and 20 dB in SFDR relative to the case where calibration is disabled. Other enabling features of the prototype integrated circuit (IC) include a low-latency, segmented, dynamic element-matching DAC, distributed passive input signal sampling, and asymmetric clocking to maximize the time available for the first-stage residue amplifier to settle. The IC is realized in a 0.18- m mixed-signal CMOS process and has a die size of 4mm 5 mm. Index Terms—Analog-to-digital conversion, calibration, mixed analog–digital integrated circuits (ICs).
Predictors of the use of analgesic drugs 1 year after joint replacement: a single-center analysis of 13,000 hip and knee replacements (2020)

Obesity (especially BMI > 35 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) and the preoperative use of analgesics were the strongest predictors of an increased postoperative use of analgesics. It is remarkable that also older age and higher number of comorbidities predicted analgesic use despite these patients being the most vulnerable to adverse drug events.
Pathogenesis of Absorptive and Renal Hypercalciurias (1978)

Our studies of pathogenetic mechanisms disclose that the conditions of absorptive hypercalciuria and renal hypercalciuria are distinct and separate entities.
Active progress bars (2011)

In this paper, we seek to find a better way of effective task management when a progress bar interrupts user's primary activity. We propose to augment progress bars with user controlled functionalities facilitating the switch to temporary activities. We detail a taxonomy of waiting period contexts and possible temporary tasks, then report on 5 participatory design, and a follow-up survey of 96 respondents. Finally we describe an early prototype of active progress bars, and report on initial use.
On the ability to extract MLVA profiles of Vibrio cholerae isolates from WGS data generated with Oxford Nanopore Technologies (2023)

Abstract Multiple-Locus Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (VNTR) Analysis (MLVA) is widely used by laboratory-based surveillance networks to subtype pathogens causing foodborne and water-borne disease outbreaks. The MLVAType shiny application was previously designed to extract MLVA profiles of Vibrio cholerae isolates from WGS data, and provide backward compatibility with traditional MLVA typing methods. The previous development and validation work was done on short (pair-end 300 and 150 nt long) reads from Illumina MiSeq and Hiseq sequencing. In the initial phase of this work, the MLVAType application was validated on long reads generated by Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) sequencing platforms. The MLVA profiles of V. cholerae isolates (n=9) from the Democratic Republic of the Congo were produced using the MLVAType application on WGS data. The WGS-derived MLVA profiles were extracted from canu (v.2.2) assemblies obtained through MinION and GridION sequencing by ONT. The results were compared to those obtained from SPAdes assemblies (v3.13.0; k-mer 175) generated from short-read (pair-end 300-bp) data obtained by MiSeq sequencing, Illumina, taken as a reference. For each isolate, the MLVA profiles were concordant for all three sequencing methods, demonstrating that the MLVAType application can accurately predict the MLVA profiles from assembled genomes generated with long-reads ONT sequencers. In the final phase of this study, we conducted phylogenomic analysis on data generated by both sequencing technologies, highlighting the superior resolution of Illumina short-read sequencing compared to the ONT-based approach. However, there was a remarkable concordance between isolate clusters identified using ONT-based MLVA profiles and those derived from the short-read-based phylogenomic analysis. This striking agreement enabled us to identify specific benefits and drawbacks of both technologies.
Managing Plica Syndrome of the Knee (1990)

In brief Plica syndrome of the knee-a potentially disabling condition-is caused when plicae (bands or pleats of synovial tissue) are aggravated by overuse or trauma. Symptoms include popping, clicking, effusion, swelling, pain, and Interference with normal excursion. Analysis of questionnaires from 66 patients revealed that both surgical and nonsurgical management relieved the symptoms. Plica syndrome should be included in the differential diagnosis of knee problems.
Symptom Dimensional Approach and BDNF in Unmedicated Obsessive-Compulsive Patients: An Exploratory Study (2011)

There were no sociodemographic differences between the groups. The standard error of mean serum BDNF levels were reduced in unmedicated OCD patients (0.47+0.038) when compared to healthy controls (0.75+0.060) (P<.001). The patients with the presence of sex/religion obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) dimension (P=.002), with chronic course of OCS (P=.022) and the presence of lifetime major depression (P=.016) and social anxiety (P=.030) presented higher levels of BDNF than OCD patients without those features. The severity of aggression (P=.039) and sex/religion (P<.001) OCS dimension presented direct (moderate and strong, respectively) correlation with serum BDNF levels in this sample. Serum BDNF levels were decreased in OCD patients when compared to healthy controls.Discussion/ConclusionSexual and religious content of symptoms and aggression and sex/religion dimensions severity should be better explored, since these specific OCS dimensions could be based on neurocircuits diverse from those of the other OCS dimensions.
Bonhoeffer and costly reconciliation in South Africa – through the lens of the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (2017)

Dietrich Bonhoeffer never visited South Africa, and he probably did not know a great deal about the country. But the relevance of the German theologian for South Africa was never in doubt. In the struggle against apartheid his message and his theology served to guide theologians, church leaders as well as lay Christians alike. His life and his death served to inspire many during their darkest hours. Theologians, with John de Gruchy in the lead, studied his works extensively. Heroes from the struggle against apartheid, Beyers Naudé, Desmond Tutu and Steve Biko, among others, were hailed as latter-day Bonhoeffers. Nelson Mandela’s famous ‘Speech from the dock’ before his conviction and imprisonment at the Rivonia Trial was compared to Bonhoeffer’s essay on The structure of responsible life (1995). At ecumenical gatherings, his name and his teachings were often invoked, whenever protest was lodged against the injustices of apartheid. But it was especially in the aftermath of apartheid, when the very serious challenges of reconciliation and nation building, of healing and forgiveness, as well as of amnesty for perpetrators weighed against the demands of justice to the victims were at stake, that many turned to Bonhoeffer for guidance. The author who served with Archbishop Desmond Tutu on the TRC, discusses the prerequisites for reconciliation in South Africa against the backdrop of the TRC experience, emphasising the real need for South Africans, following in the footsteps of Bonhoeffer, to look for ‘costly reconciliation’.
Important scaffold function of the Janus kinase 2 uncovered by a novel mouse model harboring a Jak2 activation-loop mutation (2013)

Janus kinases (Jak) play essential roles in cytokine and growth factor signaling. Conventional gene targeting of Jak2, creating a null allele, leads to a block in definitive erythropoiesis as a result of failing signal transduction at the homomeric erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) and at the heteromeric interferon γ receptor (IFNGR). To investigate the in vivo relevance of the activation loop of Jak2, a Jak2-YY1007/1008FF knockin mutation was introduced into the germline of mice. The phenotype of the Jak2(FF/FF) mouse line reveals that tyrosine residues 1007/1008 are absolutely essential for kinase function and signal transduction at the homomeric EpoR. Detailed studies using the Jak2 activation loop mutant uncover an essential scaffolding function of Jak2 within the IFNGR receptor complex and reveal that Jak1 can mediate a semi-redundant function for IFNGR signal transduction. These studies are highly important for the molecular understanding of cytokine and growth factor signaling and provide new insights for future strategies in the design of pharmacological blockers of Jak2.