gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Rhenium‐Catalyzed Hydroamidation of Unactivated Terminal Alkynes: Synthesis of (E)‐Enamides. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Robust impedance shaping telemanipulation (1993)

When a human operator performs a task via a bilateral manipulator, the "feel" of the task is embodied in the mechanical impedance of the manipulator. Traditionally, a bilateral manipulator is designed for transparency; i.e. so that the impedance reflected through the manipulator closely approximates that of the task. "Impedance shaping bilateral control", introduced here, differs in that it treats the bilateral manipulator as a means of constructively altering the impedance of a task. This concept is particularly valuable if the characteristic dimensions (e.g. force, length, time) of the task impedance are very different from those of the human limb. It is shown that a general form of impedance shaping control consists of a conventional power-scaling bilateral controller augmented with a real-time interactive task simulation (i.e. a virtual environment). An approach to impedance shaping based on kinematic similarity between tasks of different scale is introduced and illustrated with an example. It is shown that an important consideration in impedance shaping controller design is robustness; i.e. guaranteeing the stability of the operator/manipulator/task system. A general condition for the robustness of a bilateral manipulator is derived. This condition is based on the structured singular value ( mu ). An example of robust impedance shaping bilateral control is presented and discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Flower Inspiration: Broad‐Angle Structural Color through Tunable Hierarchical Wrinkles in Thin Film Multilayers (2020)

Abstract The petals of some flowers form hierarchical structures when nano‐scale cuticular ridges overlay bulged epidermal cells. These hierarchical structures can broaden the observable angles of iridescence. The resulting optical effect enhances the foraging efficiency of pollinators. Although efforts have been devoted to mimicking this unique broad‐angle structural color, the intrinsic tunability offered by natural systems to control such a broadened spectrum is still absent in synthetic models. A hierarchical system is developed that provides hierarchical wrinkle‐based structures that tune the observable angles for structural color. Laser diffraction measurements demonstrate that the observable angle of reflectance is broadened in proportion to the square root of the applied compressive strain. The morphology controls the diffraction pattern: the small wrinkles control the diffraction angles and the large wrinkles broaden the observable range. The development of a multi‐mode wrinkling system to produce this broad‐angle structural color only occurs within a limited range of conditions, which are experimentally discovered and theoretically modeled. Without diffractive small wrinkles, single wrinkling modes do not display structural colors. The control of wrinkling modes mimics the tunability of petals, which gives new insight into the natural system and provides a robust foundation for tunable structural color control.
How to Confer a Permanent Bio-Repelling and Bio-Adhesive Character to Biomedical Materials through Cold Plasmas (2020)

Plasma Enhanced–Chemical Vapor Deposition (PE-CVD) of polyethylene oxide-like (PEO)-like coatings represent a successful strategy to address cell-behavior on biomaterials. Indeed, one of the main drawbacks of organic and hydrophilic films, like PEO-like ones, often consists in their poor adhesion to the substrate, especially in biological fluids where the biomaterial is required to operate. In this paper, low pressure (LP) and aerosol-assisted atmospheric pressure (aerosol-assisted AP) PE-CVD of PEO-like coatings is compared. The stability of the two different classes of coatings was investigated, both in water and in the cell culture media, during cell culture experiments. The obtained results show that, when deposited at atmospheric pressure (AP), the adhesion of the PEO-like coatings to the substrate has to be granted by an intermediate gradient layer. This interlayer can match the properties of the substrate with that of the topmost coatings, and, in turn, can dramatically improve the coating’s stability in complex biological fluids, like the cell culture medium. An accurate modulation of the experimental conditions, both at LP and AP, allowed control of the film chemical structure and surface properties, to permanently promote or discourage the cellular adhesion on the surfaces of biomaterials.
RüttelFlug (2016)

Engine-less flight like Paragliding or Hang Gliding heavily relies on leveraging thermals to prolong the experience. At the same time, descending air currents or abnormal weather conditions potentially lead to extreme sink or lift, endangering the pilots. So-called variometers measure the vertical velocity and use auditory and visual encoding to inform pilots of their movement. However, this is often perceived as intrusive, as the loud sound of the devices can spoil flying experience or distract the pilot, especially during takeoff and landing. Vibrotactile cues offer an alternative to communicate velocity changes unobtrusively. This paper presents RüttelFlug, a wrist-worn tactile variometer. We conducted initially a formative study to explore suitable vibration patterns that can clearly be distinguished by users. The system was implemented and evaluated in-flight by experienced paraglider pilots, who rated the system as attractive and unobtrusive.
Boosting irregular array Reductions through In-lined Block-ordering on fast processors (2015)

Array-type reductions represent a frequently occurring algorithmic pattern in many scientific applications. A special case occurs if array elements are accessed in an irregular, often random manner, making their concurrent and scalable execution difficult. In this work we present a new approach that consists of language and runtime support and targets popular parallel programming models such as OpenMP. Its runtime support implements Privatization with In-lined, Block-Ordered Reductions (PIBOR), a new approach that trades processor cycles to increase locality and bandwidth efficiency for such algorithms. A reference implementation in OmpSs, a task-parallel programming model, shows promising results on current multicore systems.
BinSanity: unsupervised clustering of environmental microbial assemblies using coverage and affinity propagation (2017)

Metagenomics has become an integral part of defining microbial diversity in various environments. Many ecosystems have characteristically low biomass and few cultured representatives. Linking potential metabolisms to phylogeny in environmental microorganisms is important for interpreting microbial community functions and the impacts these communities have on geochemical cycles. However, with metagenomic studies there is the computational hurdle of 'binning' contigs into phylogenetically related units or putative genomes. Binning methods have been implemented with varying approaches such as k-means clustering, Gaussian mixture models, hierarchical clustering, neural networks, and two-way clustering; however, many of these suffer from biases against low coverage/abundance organisms and closely related taxa/strains. We are introducing a new binning method, BinSanity, that utilizes the clustering algorithm affinity propagation (AP), to cluster assemblies using coverage with compositional based refinement (tetranucleotide frequency and percent GC content) to optimize bins containing multiple source organisms. This separation of composition and coverage based clustering reduces bias for closely related taxa. BinSanity was developed and tested on artificial metagenomes varying in size and complexity. Results indicate that BinSanity has a higher precision, recall, and Adjusted Rand Index compared to five commonly implemented methods. When tested on a previously published environmental metagenome, BinSanity generated high completion and low redundancy bins corresponding with the published metagenome-assembled genomes.
On the Driving Force of Shockley Stacking Fault Motion in 4H-SiC (2009)

Determining the primary driving force for Shockley stacking fault (SF) expansion within 4H-SiC has been of intense interest due to the deleterious effects of these defects upon the electrical characteristics of bipolar SiC devices. Previoulsy reported models have focused on determining the reasons for the perceived improved thermodynamic stability of the SFs, which are planes of SiC with the 3C-SiC polytype, with respect to the 4H-SiC host lattice. However, annealing and high temperature device operation experiments have clearly shown that SFs are not the thermodynamically preferred state of 4H-SiC in the absence of excess injected carriers. Here, we introduce and discuss a possible mechanism governing SF expansion and contraction that is consistent with previously reported experimental observations and present further experimental and simulation results that support this model.
Analog implementation of the FDTS/DF detection algorithm for magnetic recording (1996)

An analog implementation of the fixed delay tree search algorithm for magnetic recording detection is presented. The circuit is designed using a 1.2 /spl mu/m BICMOS process with NPN devices with an f/sub t/ of 12 GHz, and provides a reference for the feasibility of an analog implementation. Composite simulation results of all the system blocks suggest operating speeds in excess of 100 MSamples/s with a total power consumption of less than 1 W.
Interband optical pulse injection locking of a quantum dot mode-locked semiconductor laser (2008)

We experimentally demonstrate that the slave laser oscillating on the ground state (GS) or excited state (ES) transitions can be locked through the injection of optical pulses generated via the opposite transition bands, i.e. the ES or GS transition, respectively.
Cristalización de gemas en solución de alta temperatura: técnica del flujo (2001)

En el presente trabajo se analizan las posibilidades de una variante del crecimiento en solucion, a alta temperatura, conocida como tecnica del flujo, en relacion con la cristalizacion de gemas. Esta tecnica se considera como una de las que mejor simula las condiciones naturales de formacion de estos materiales. Se caracteriza porque el sistema parte de la disolucion de un compuesto de alto punto de fusion, en una sal u oxido inorganico fundido que se denomina flujo. La cristalizacion se produce por descenso de temperatura de esta disolucion y ademas, en el caso de que el sistema no este cerrado, por evaporacion del flujo. El proceso se puede realizar en un horno capaz de alcanzar temperaturas de hasta 1400 oC, equipado con un sistema de programacion para conseguir la velocidad de enfriamiento mas apropiada. La imposibilidad de observar directamente dicho proceso constituye el principal inconveniente que plantea la tecnica. Este problema se trata desde un punto de vista metodologico, como un ejemplo de caja negra y se definen los metodos que mas informacion pueden proporcionar para su conocimiento. Desde esta perspectiva se analiza el proceso de cristalizacion del rubi, considerado historicamente como la mas significativa de todas las gemas sinteticas, en un flujo ce criolita.
Genome Sequences of Pelagibaca bermudensis HTCC2601 T and Maritimibacter alkaliphilus HTCC2654 T , the Type Strains of Two Marine Roseobacter Genera (2010)

Pelagibaca bermudensis HTCC2601(T) and Maritimibacter alkaliphilus HTCC2654(T) represent two marine genera in the globally significant Roseobacter clade of the Alphaproteobacteria. Here, we present the genome sequences of these organisms, isolated from the Sargasso Sea using dilution-to-extinction culturing, which offer insight into the genetic basis for the metabolic and ecological diversity of this important group.
Phase Transformation of Swollen Thermotropic Liquid Crystals Studied by X-Ray and2H-NMR Measurements (2009)

Molecular realignments during the successive phase transformations of a binary mixture of smectogenic and aliphatic compounds have been studied. The layer spacing, which is about 38.5 A in the crystal phase, abruptly increases up to 54 A during the transformation to the smectic phase, because aliphatic molecules are taken into the smectic liquid crystals during the transformation. A myelinic texture is observed in the smectic phase in which the liquid crystals are swollen with the aliphatic molecules. In addition, the quadrupolar splitting is observed in the 2H-NMR spectra of the sample swollen with d8 -octane, because the aliphatic molecules are averagely oriented parallel to the director of the smectogens in the swollen smectic liquid crystals.
Modifications of intrinsic foot joint kinetics after total ankle replacement (2022)

SB 2022, 47eme Congrès de la Société de Biomécanique, Monastir, Tunisie, 26-/10/2022 - 28/10/2022
Helper T Cell Epitope-Mapping Reveals MHC-Peptide Binding Affinities That Correlate with T Helper Cell Responses to Pneumococcal Surface Protein A (2010)

Understanding the requirements for protection against pneumococcal carriage and pneumonia will greatly benefit efforts in controlling these diseases. Several proteins and polysaccharide capsule have recently been implicated in the virulence of and protective immunity against Streptococcus pneumonia. Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) is highly conserved among S. pneumonia strains, inhibits complement activation, binds lactoferrin, elicits protective systemic immunity against pneumococcal infection, and is necessary for full pneumococcal virulence. Identification of PspA peptides that optimally bind human leukocyte antigen (HLA) would greatly contribute to global vaccine efforts, but this is hindered by the multitude of HLA polymorphisms. Here, we have used an experimental data set of 54 PspA peptides and in silico methods to predict peptide binding to HLA and murine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II. We also characterized spleenand cervical lymph node (CLN)-derived helper T lymphocyte (HTL) cytokine responses to these peptides after S. pneumonia strain EF3030-challenge in mice. Individual, yet overlapping peptides, 15 amino acids in length revealed residues 199 to 246 of PspA ) consistently caused the greatest IFN-c, IL-2, IL-5 and proliferation as well as moderate IL-10 and IL-4 responses by ex vivo stimulated splenic and CLN CD4 + T cells isolated from S. pneumonia strain EF3030-challeged F 1 (B66BALB/c) mice. IEDB, RANKPEP, SVMHC, MHCPred, and SYFPEITHI in silico analysis tools revealed peptides in PspA 199-246 also interact with a broad range of HLA-DR, -DQ, and -DP allelles. These data suggest that predicted MHC class II-peptide binding affinities do not always correlate with T helper (Th) cytokine or proliferative responses to PspA peptides, but when used together with in vivo validation can be a useful tool to choose candidate pneumococcal HTL epitopes.
Design of the Optimal Arrangement of Artificial Landmarks. (1996)

It is important to set landmarks when a robot needs to navigate in a certain environment and to measure its own location; however it has not been discussed well how to arrange landmarks in the optimal way until now. We, therefore, demonstrate the possibility of design of the optimal arrangement of artificial landmarks.First, we make it clear the optimization problem with regard to the arrangement of landmarks. Second, as one example of the artificial landmarks, we introduce a signboard system. Third, we propose a methodology to evaluate arrangement of landmarks assuming an obstacled rectangular environment. Fourth, we apply the algorithm of spatial competition to the optimal arrangement of landmarks. Finally, simulation results indicate that even though our method is not global optimization approach we can obtain closely optimal and practical arrangement with the minimum number of landmarks which satisfies the necessary condition.
Integrative genomic analysis identifies key pathogenic mechanisms in primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (2019)

Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) represents a clinically and pathologically distinct subtype of large B-cell lymphomas. Furthermore, molecular studies, including global gene expression profiling, have provided evidence that PMBL is more closely related to classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Although targeted sequencing studies have revealed a number of mutations involved in PMBL pathogenesis, a comprehensive description of disease-associated genetic alterations and perturbed pathways is still lacking. Here, we performed whole-exome sequencing of 95 PMBL tumors to inform on oncogenic driver genes and recurrent copy number alterations. The integration of somatic gene mutations with gene expression signatures provides further insights into genotype-phenotype interrelation in PMBL. We identified highly recurrent oncogenic mutations in the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription and nuclear factor κB pathways, and provide additional evidence of the importance of immune evasion in PMBL (<i>CIITA, CD58, B2M, CD274,</i> and <i>PDCD1LG2</i>). Our analyses highlight the interferon response factor (IRF) pathway as a putative novel hallmark with frequent alterations in multiple pathway members (<i>IRF2BP2, IRF4,</i> and <i>IRF8</i>). In addition, our integrative analysis illustrates the importance of <i>JAK1, RELB,</i> and <i>EP300</i> mutations driving oncogenic signaling. The identified driver genes were significantly more frequently mutated in PMBL compared with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, whereas only a limited number of genes were significantly different between PMBL and cHL, emphasizing the close relation between these entities. Our study, performed on a large cohort of PMBL, highlights the importance of distinctive genetic alterations for disease taxonomy with relevance for diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic decision-making.
Rapid X-ray Spectrum Imaging with the Silicon Drift Detector (SDD): Multivariate Statistical Analysis (2007)

Extract Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2007 in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA, August 5 – August 9, 2007
Pathology of Skeletal Muscle (2013)

Abstract This chapter offers a contemporary approach to the classification of diseases of skeletal muscle and describes and illustrates the pathology of muscle disease, particularly from the perspective of the muscle biopsy. After an introductory exposition of the relevant laboratory techniques and a synopsis of the normal appearance of skeletal muscle, the basic reactions to injury are described. The ranges of diseases of skeletal muscle are then systematically considered and their specific morphologic, biochemical, and molecular genetic abnormalities are discussed in detail. The approach is to subdivide muscle disease into two broad categories: conditions that result in denervation of muscle (i.e., neurogenic atrophy) and diseases where the primary abnormality is in the muscle cell itself (i.e. myopathies). Genetically determined diseases of skeletal muscle discussed include muscular dystrophies, congenital myopathies, myofibrillar myopathies, and metabolic myopathies. Next described are the inflammatory myopathies, which are divided into two groups according to whether the causative agent is a known microorganisms or whether the inflammatory process is believed to be an autoimmune phenomenon.
Effects of dexamethasone on rhinovirus infection in cultured human tracheal epithelial cells (2000)

To examine the effects of glucocorticoid on rhinovirus (RV) infection, primary cultures of human tracheal epithelial cells were infected with either RV2 or RV14. Viral infection was confirmed by demonstrating that viral RNA in infected cells and viral titers of supernatants and lysates from infected cells increased with time. RV14 infection upregulated the expression of mRNA and protein of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), the major RV receptor, on epithelial cells, and it increased the production of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in supernatants. Dexamethasone reduced the viral titers of supernatants and cell lysates, viral RNA of infected cells, and susceptibility of RV14 infection in association with inhibition of cytokine production and ICAM-1 induction. In contrast to RV14 infection, dexamethasone did not alter RV2 infection, a minor group of RVs. These results suggest that dexamethasone may inhibit RV14 infection by reducing the surface expression of ICAM-1 in cultured human tracheal epithelial cells. Glucocorticoid may modulate airway inflammation via reducing the production of proinflammatory cytokines and ICAM-1 induced by rhinovirus infection.
Phasor measurement applications in Scandinavia (2003)

There is a great potential for phasor measurement applications in Scandinavia, mainly due to the long distance power transmission and limited transmission capacity expansion possibilities. Smart control, based on phasor measurements, can be used as an alternative to additional transmission lines, to increase power transmission capacity. Also the matter of damping is more and more becoming a key issue, since load is slowly increasing and the de-regulation has caused an increase in fast and unexpected changes of generation dispatch and load flow. In Sweden an extensive optic fiber communication network has been installed along the transmission lines (mainly inside and around the ground wire at the top of the tower). Two test recordings have been performed to show the capability of synchronized phasor measurements. In Iceland phasors could be suitable input signal to damping equipment designed to mitigate system wide oscillations. An other test was made to see the "natural oscillations" between Sweden and Denmark during a 2 week period of very weak connection between the two areas. The Swedish railway is to a large extent fed by a 130 kV 16 2/3 Hz transmission line (/spl sim/1000 km). Transformers and converters then feed the contact line and the trains. Static phasor information would be a good input signal candidate to optimize the parallel converter operation.
Analysis and Optimization of a Multi-Layer Integrated Organic Substrate for High Current GaN HEMT-Based Power Module (2020)

In this paper, analysis and optimization of a multi-layer organic substrate for high current GaN HEMT based power module are discussed. The organic multi-layer substrates can provide high electrical performance in terms of low parasitic inductance in the power loop by providing vertical layout, and shielding for reduction of common-mode noise, a common problem in fast switching power converters. Furthermore, high performance cooling solutions, such as micro-channel heat sinks, can be directly bonded to the substrate for optimum thermal management. The structure of the proposed architecture, thermal analysis and optimization of layer thickness, thermo-mechanical stress analysis of the GaN HEMT and development of a high-performance heat sink are discussed.
Power electronic converters and control techniques in AC microgrids (2017)

This paper presents a comprehensive overview of power converters and their control techniques for AC microgrids. The aim is to give an insight and direction for researchers and applications on promising topologies, control, and application within future smart grid. The paper first focuses on presenting various power converter topologies used in AC microgrids. Then, suitable control techniques for grid-connected and islanded operation modes are critically reviewed and analyzed. Finally, challenges of these converter topologies and control techniques are identified along with their potential solutions.