gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radicals produced by blue‐light–resin interactions alter the redox status of THP1 human monocytes (2007)

Resin composites are widely used in dentistry, and are polymerized in situ using a blue-light activated, free-radical polymerization mechanism. Blue light (400-500nm) is used to activate camphoroquinone (CQ), which decomposes to form free radicals that are stabilized by dimethyl-p-toludine (DMPT). CQ and DMPT are applied near tooth pulpal tissues and are irradiated during restorative procedures, suggesting that pulpal cells are exposed to free radicals. Because glutathione is a major component of the cellular redox management system, we tested the hypothesis that blue light irradiation would shift cellular glutathione redox balance of cells exposed to CQ and DMPT. We also measured NFkappaB activation, a redox-sensitive transcription factor that regulates inflammatory responses and glutathione synthetic enzyme levels. THP1 human monocytes were exposed to sublethal levels of CQ (0.4 mM) or DMPT (1.0 mM), with or without blue light exposure (25 J/cm(2)) from a quartz-tungsten-halogen source. The ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione was measured using as assay based on 5,5'-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenszoic acid). NFkappaB transactivation was measured by transfection of an NFkappaB-containing plasmid linked to a luciferase reporter. Our results showed that blue light, CQ, or DMPT alone had no significant effect on cellular glutathione redox balance, but that the combination of these agents induced a marked oxidative bias, and reduced total glutathione levels up to 50%. On the other hand, light, CQ, and DMPT alone or in combination suppressed NFkappaB transactivation by >70%. Our results suggest that CQ and DMPT pose risks to pulpal tissues with or without blue light irradiation, and that multiple, interacting mechanisms shape the response to these agents.
Maize Yield Response, Root Distribution and Soil Desiccation Crack Features as Affected by Row Spacing (2023)

Plant density is among the most critical factors affecting plant yields and resource use efficiency since it drives the exploitation of the available resources per unit area, root distribution and soil water losses by direct evaporation from the soil. Consequently, in fine-textured soils, it can also affect the formation and development of desiccation cracks. The aim of this study, carried out on a sandy clay loam soil in a typical Mediterranean environment, was to investigate the effects of different row spacings of maize (<i>Zea mais</i> L.) on yield response, root distribution and the main features of desiccation cracks. The field experiment compared bare soil and soil cropped with maize using three plant densities (6, 4 and 3 plants m<sup>-2</sup>), obtained by keeping the number of plants in a row constant and varying the distance between the rows (0.5-0.75-1.0 m). The highest kernel yield (16.57 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>) was obtained with the greatest planting density (6 plants m<sup>-2</sup>) with a row spacing of 0.5 m; significantly lower yields were recorded with spacings of 0.75 and 1 m, with a decrease of 8.09% and 18.24%, respectively. At the end of the growing season, soil moisture in the bare soil was on average 4% greater in comparison to the cropped soil and was also affected by row spacing, decreasing with the decrease in the inter-row distance. An inverse behaviour was observed between soil moisture and both root density and desiccation crack size. Root density decreased to the increase in soil depth and to the increase in distance from the row. The pluviometric regime occurred during the growing season (total rainfall of 343 mm)-resulted in the formation of cracks of reduced size and with an isotropic behaviour in the bare soil, whereas in the cultivated soil, the cracks were parallel to the maize rows and increased in size with decreasing inter-row distance. The total volume of the soil cracks reached a value of 135.65 m<sup>3</sup> ha<sup>-1</sup> in the soil cropped with a row distance of 0.5 m, and was about ten times greater in comparison to the bare soil and three times greater in comparison to a row spacing of 1 m. Such a volume would allow a recharge of 14 mm in the case of intense rainy events on soil characterised by low permeability.
Closed-Loop Signal Processing of the All-fiber Gyroscope (1997)

An all-digital closed-loop signal processor for the open-loop FOG was built. It is designed to have a potential of 36-bits resolution over the 2π range and its measurement range is not limited within the fringe. Test results showed that the random walk of the processor is about 3 µrad.
The influenza A virus nucleoprotein gene controls the induction of both subtype specific and cross-reactive cytotoxic T cells. (1984)

Using genetically typed recombinant influenza A viruses that differ only in their genes for nucleoprotein, we have demonstrated that repeated stimulation in vitro of C57BL/6 spleen cells primed in vivo with E61-13-H17 (H3N2) virus results in the selection of a population of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) whose recognition of infected target cells maps to the gene for nucleoprotein of the 1968 virus. Influenza A viruses isolated between 1934 and 1979 fall into two groups defined by their ability to sensitize target cells for lysis by these CTL: 1934-1943 form one group (A/PR/8/34 related) and 1946-1979 form the second group (A/HK/8/68 related). These findings complement and extend our previous results with an isolated CTL clone with specificity for the 1934 nucleoprotein (27, 28). It is also shown that the same spleen cells derived from mice primed with E61-13-H17 virus in vivo, but maintained in identical conditions by stimulation with X31 virus (which differs from the former only in the origin of its gene for NP) in vitro, results in the selection of CTL that cross-react on target cells infected with A/PR/8/1934 (H1N1) or A/Aichi/1968 (H3N2). These results show that the influenza A virus gene for NP can play a role in selecting CTL with different specificities and implicate the NP molecule as a candidate for a target structure recognized by both subtype-directed and cross-reactive influenza A-specific cytotoxic T cells.
UNCROSSMATCHED TYPE-O BLOOD IN THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE HEMORRHAGE: INCIDENCE OF ALLOIMMUNIZATION (2004)

Departments: Abstracts of Papers to be Presented at the Eighteenth Annual Scientific Meeting of the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma January 11–15, 2005 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida
New Manipulator Concept for Handling Tasks in Coal-Mining (1991)

New Manipulator Concept for Handling Tasks in Coal-Mining J. Harzer, W. Engeln Pages 951-962 (1991 Proceedings of the 8th ISARC, Stuttgart, Germany, ISSN 2413-5844) Abstract: This paper describes a new manipulator concept for application in underground coal mining. The manipulator was developed to set support elements in drifting. Experience with a first prototype and the demands for further development of the manipulator are outlined. Furthermore, this paper contains a short description of the control concept planned for the manipulator. Keywords: No keywords DOI: https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC1991/0091 Download fulltext Download BibTex Download Endnote (RIS) TeX Import to Mendeley
Broccoli‐derived compounds modulate androgen up‐regulation of C‐C chemokine ligand 2 and enhancement of monocyte attraction to prostate cancer cells (2012)

Inflammation plays a key role in prostate tumorigenesis. Recruitment of inflammatory monocytes to the tumor site is mediated by C‐C chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) through binding to its receptor CCR2. We hypothesized that androgen could modulate CCL2 expression in hormone‐responsive prostate cancer cells and thereby promote recruitment of monocytes. Given the inhibitory effect of broccoli‐derived compounds indole‐3‐carbinol (I3C) and 3,3′‐diindolylmethane (DIM) on androgen‐dependent pathway, we also reasoned that I3C and DIM could modulate the effect of androgen on CCL2‐mediated pathways. We found that androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT) induced time (0–72 hrs) and concentration‐dependent (0–1 nM) increases in CCL2 mRNA levels in the androgen‐responsive human prostate cancer cell LNCaP. The increase in CCL2 mRNA corresponded to increased secretion of CCL2 protein by LNCaP cells. This effect of DHT was mediated through an androgen receptor (AR)‐dependent pathway as small inhibitor RNA against AR negated the induction of CCL2 mRNA by DHT. Moreover, conditioned media from androgen‐treated cells promoted human monocyte THP‐1 cell migration. Both I3C and DIM inhibited promotional effects of DHT on CCL2 and migration. These results suggested that androgen regulates CCL2 and promotes inflammatory micro‐environments in prostate tumors, and this process can be regulated by broccoli‐derived compounds.
An Analysis of Crack Growth Resistance of Microcracking Brittle Solids and Composites (2008)

A set of numerical analyses of crack growth was performed to elucidate the fracture behavior of microcracking brittle solids and composites. The random nucleation, orientation and size effects of discrete nucleating microcracks and resulting interactions are fully accounted for in a hybrid finite element model. The results obtained from the finite element analysis are compared with the continuum description of the microcracking. Although continuum description can provide a reasonable estimation of shielding, it fails to resolve the details of toughening. Moreover, as seen in the composite cases, the local events leading to toughening behavior may not be associated with the microcraking even in the presence of a large population of microcracks.
Speed and efficiency in multiple p-i-n photodetectors (1993)

We present a theoretical evaluation of the application of multiple intrinsic layers to enhancing the quantum efficiency of high-speed p-i-n photodetectors. It is shown that the use of multiple layers may lead to substantial improvements in the efficiency of detectors operating in the 20-100-GHz range, provided that the device area is reduced to limit the intrinsic capacitance and special care is taken to avoid large parasitic effects. Potential fabrication schemes are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Feasibility Study on Active Back Telemetry and Power Transmission Through an Inductive Link for Millimeter-Sized Biomedical Implants (2017)

This paper presents a feasibility study of wireless power and data transmission through an inductive link to a 1-mm <sup>2</sup> implant, to be used as a free-floating neural probe, distributed across a brain area of interest. The proposed structure utilizes a four-coil inductive link for back telemetry, shared with a three-coil link for wireless power transmission. We propose a design procedure for geometrical optimization of the inductive link in terms of power transmission efficiency (PTE) considering specific absorption rate and data rate. We have designed a low-power pulse-based active data transmission circuit and characterized performance of the proposed inductive link in terms of its data rate and bit error rate (BER). The 1-mm<sup>2</sup> data-Tx/power-Rx coil is implemented using insulated bonding wire with diameter, resulting in measured PTE in tissue media of 2.01% at 131 MHz and 1.8-cm coil separation distance when the resonator coil inner radius is 1 cm. The measured BER at 1-Mbps data rate was and in the air and tissue environments, respectively.
Secondary Metabolites of Miconia rubiginosa (2011)

The Miconia genus is the most representative of the Melastomataceae family, and some species are commonly used in Brazilian folk medicine as anti-inflammatory agents. In this work we investigated the leaves from Miconia rubiginosa (Bonpl.) DC, using high-speed countercurrent chromatography, which yielded 11 substances (eight flavonoids, gallic acid, casuarictin, and schizandriside). Identification was achieved using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography-circular dichroism-diode array detection analyses.
Sub-Shot Noise Power Source for Microelectronics (2011)

Low-current, high-impedance microelectronic devices can be affected by electric current shot noise more than they are affected by Nyquist noise, even at room temperature. An approach to implementing a sub-shot noise current source for powering such devices is based on direct conversion of amplitude-squeezed light to photocurrent. The phenomenon of optical squeezing allows for the optical measurements below the fundamental shot noise limit, which would be impossible in the domain of classical optics. This becomes possible by affecting the statistical properties of photons in an optical mode, which can be considered as a case of information encoding. Once encoded, the information describing the photon (or any other elementary excitations) statistics can be also transmitted. In fact, it is such information transduction from optics to an electronics circuit, via photoelectric effect, that has allowed the observation of the optical squeezing. It is very difficult, if not technically impossible, to directly measure the statistical distribution of optical photons except at extremely low light level. The photoelectric current, on the other hand, can be easily analyzed using RF spectrum analyzers. Once it was observed that the photocurrent noise generated by a tested light source in question is below the shot noise limit (e.g. produced by a coherent light beam), it was concluded that the light source in question possess the property of amplitude squeezing. The main novelty of this technology is to turn this well-known information transduction approach around. Instead of studying the statistical property of an optical mode by measuring the photoelectron statistics, an amplitude-squeezed light source and a high-efficiency linear photodiode are used to generate photocurrent with sub-Poissonian electron statistics. By powering microelectronic devices with this current source, their performance can be improved, especially their noise parameters. Therefore, a room-temperature sub-shot noise current source can be built that will be beneficial for a very broad range of low-power, low-noise electronic instruments and applications, both cryogenic and room-temperature. Taking advantage of recent demonstrations of the squeezed light sources based on optical micro-disks, this sub-shot noise current source can be made compatible with the size/power requirements specific of the electronic devices it will support.
ATP: a reliable transport protocol for ad hoc networks (2005)

Existing works have approached the problem of reliable transport in ad hoc networks by proposing mechanisms to improve TCP's performance over such networks, In this paper, we show through detailed arguments and simulations that several of the design elements in TCP are fundamentally inappropriate for the unique characteristics of ad hoc networks. Given that ad hoc networks are typically stand-alone, we approach the problem of reliable transport from the perspective that it is justifiable to develop an entirely new transport protocol that is not a variant of TCP. Toward this end, we present a new reliable transport layer protocol for ad hoc networks called ATP (ad hoc transport protocol). We show through ns2-based simulations that ATP outperforms default TCP as well as TCP-ELFN and ATCP.
Molecular Signatures of Vascular Injury Are Associated With Early Growth of Intracerebral Hemorrhage (2004)

Molecular signatures of vascular injury and inflammatory markers in the early acute phase of ICH are associated with subsequent enlargement of the hematoma.
Three dimensional anatomical exploration of the anterior hard palate at the level of the third ruga for the placement of mini-implants – a cone-beam CT study (2015)

The areas on the anterior palate with adequate bone thickness for successful insertion of orthodontic MI correspond to the region of the third palatal ruga. These results provide stable and clinically identifiable landmarks for the insertion of palatal MIs.
Real-time transponder architecture for hitless transmission baud rate switching in association with an auto-negotiation protocol (2023)

We propose a novel digital signal processing architecture for a coherent receiver that allows instantaneous and hitless variable baud rate transmission for integer sub-division values. This solution allows the receiver to self-adapt a new baud rate without processing modification, re-initialization, or any knowledge of the transmission speed modification. As for implantation concern, this architecture requires negligible extra logic compared to the standard one. Its development and operation developed on a simulation basis are presented; then its dynamic behavior and performance are demonstrated in a real-time experiment attesting a zero-bit loss. We also show how an in-line auto-negotiation protocol between a transmitter and a receiver minimizing the mediation through the control plane can leverage this instantaneous baud rate variation.
Epithelia and gastrointestinal function (2022)

This chapter reviews intestinal wall structure, how the gut organization supports mucosal functions, the biological properties of the epithelial barrier and transepithelial transport, and consequences of the epithelial barrier dysregulation. The small intestine and colon, or large intestine, share key structural features. As exemplified by the small intestine, the wall of the tubular gastrointestinal tract is composed of four principal layers: the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis propria, and serosa or adventitia. The discovery of polarity genes encoding Par proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila facilitated the identification of mammalian homologs which functionally define epithelial apical and basolateral plasma membrane domains. The contractile status of the perijunctional actomyosin ring can be adjusted in response to physiological and pathophysiological stimuli, allowing modulation of epithelial barrier function. Barriers may be conceptually divided into two major categories: those that are extrinsic to the epithelium and those provided by the physical presence of the epithelium, which we describe as intrinsic barriers.
Aqueous biphasic separations : biomolecules to metal ions (1995)

Documents the first gathering in which scientists using aqueous two-phase systems to separate metal ions mingled with those who have been using it to separate cellular particles, biological macromolecules, and smaller organic molecules since the 1950s. Among the topics discussed in the 15 papers are
Studies on monocyclic .BETA.-lactam antibiotics. IV. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of (3S,4R)-3-(2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-(Z)-2-(O-substituted oxyimino)acetamido)-4-methyl-1-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-2-azetidinones. (1986)

The synthesis and in vitro activity of the 3-(O-substituted oxyiminoacetamido)-2-azetidinones (IV) possessing a tetrazole moiety at N-1 position are described. The introduction of lipophilic functions into the oxyimino moiety gave in some good activity against staphylococci, but decreased activity against Gram-negative bacteria. In contrast, the introduction of hydrophilic functions such as carboxycyclobutane resulted in strong activity against Gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and no or very small activity against the staphylococci.
Self-assembly of fluoride-encapsulated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanocrystals (2018)

The self-assembly and crystal packing of a unique series of nanocrystalline fluoride ion-encapsulated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (F-POSS) compounds, with substituted electron-withdrawing group (EWG) perfluorinated alkyl chain arms of varying lengths, were investigated.
FORMATION OF SLOW-REACTING SUBSTANCE OF ANAPHYLAXIS IN HUMAN LUNG TISSUE AND CELLS BEFORE RELEASE (1974)

The capacity to extract slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) from human lung tissue or cells after immunologic activation, together with the measurement of SRS-A in both the extract and the surrounding fluid, permits study of total SRS-A generation. That the material extracted is SRS-A was established by both differential bioassay and purification. SRS-A accumulation was entirely intracellular after limited IgE-dependent direct or reversed anaphylactic activation. Intracellular accumulation also generally preceded release, with generation of SRS-A continuing well beyond a plateau in the cellular SRS-A level and the release of preformed mediators. The quantity of SRS-A generated after immunologic activation was modulated by the introduction of exogenous cyclic nucleotides, revealing a site of cyclic nucleotide action distinct from that on mediator release. The capacity to determine not only the release of preformed mediators but also the generation of a newly formed mediator, the sum of SRS-A in cells and supernate, adds an additional dimension to the analysis of the cellular events of immediate hypersensitivity.
Overexpression of the extracellular domain of the thyrotrophin receptor in bacteria (1993)

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Experimental renal failure rats induced by adenine. Evaluation of free amino acid, ammonia nitrogen and guanidino compound levels. (1983)

The levels of free amino acid, ammonia nitrogen and guanidino compounds were examined in renal failure rats induced by adenine. Among the essential amino acids in the serum, the marked reduction of lysine, valine, leucine and isoleucine was confirmed in the adenine-fed group as compared with the control group. Tyrosine and ornithine were also significantly reduced in the adenine-fed rats, while glycine, arginine and aspartic acid were significantly elevated. The urinary excretion of leucine, isoleucine and non-essential amino acids (glutamic acid, histidine, aspartic acid, citrulline, tyrosine, ornithine) was found to be high. On the other hand, adenine administered orally caused hyperammonemia. Furthermore, the results of the present study show that intake of adenine increased extraordinarily the level of guanidinosuccinic acid and methylguanidine in the serum, while the value of serum guanidinosuccinic acid and methylguanidine in rats fed on a control diet was not detectable.
Vitamins K2, K3 and K5 exert antitumor effects on established colorectal cancer in mice by inducing apoptotic death of tumor cells (2007)

Although a number of studies have shown that vitamin K possesses antitumor activities on various neoplastic cell lines, there are few reports demonstrating in vivo antitumor effects of vitamin K, and the antitumor effect on colorectal cancer (CRC) remains to be examined. Therefore, antitumor effects of vitamin K on CRC were examined both in vitro and in vivo. Vitamins K2, K3 and K5 suppressed the proliferation of colon 26 cells in a dose-dependent manner, while vitamin K1 did not. On flow cytometry, induction of apoptosis by vitamins K2, K3 and K5 was suggested by population in sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle. Hoechst 33342 staining and a two-color flow cytometric assay using fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated annexin V and propidium iodide confirmed that vitamins K2, K3 and K5 induced apoptotic death of colon 26 cells. Enzymatic activity of caspase-3 in colon 26 cells was significantly up-regulated by vitamins K2, K3 and K5. The pan-caspase inhibitor, benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethyl ketone, substantially prevented vitamin K-mediated apoptosis. In vivo study using syngeneic mice with subcutaneously established colon 26 tumors demonstrated that intravenous administration of vitamins K2, K3 and K5 significantly suppressed the tumor growth. The number of apoptotic tumor cells was significantly larger in the vitamin K-treated groups than in the control group. These results suggest that vitamins K2, K3 and K5 exerted effective antitumor effects on CRC in vitro and in vivo by inducing caspase-dependent apoptotic death of tumor cells, suggesting that these K vitamins may be promising agents for the treatment of patients with CRC.