gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-C-hydroxymethyl nucleosides as potential inhibitors of HIV (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-C-hydroxymethyl nucleosides as potential inhibitors of HIVLars Svansson, Ingemar Kvarnstroem, Bjoern Classon, and Bertil SamuelssonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 9, 2993–2997Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00009a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00009a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views241Altmetric-Citations80LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Data from Rational Combination of CRM1 Inhibitor Selinexor and Olaparib Shows Synergy in Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines and Mouse Models (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;CRM1 inhibitors have demonstrated antitumor effects in ovarian and other cancers; however, rational combinations are largely unexplored. We performed a high-throughput drug library screen to identify drugs that might combine well with selinexor in ovarian cancer. Next, we tested the combination of selinexor with the top hit from the drug screen &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. Finally, we assessed for mechanisms underlying the identified synergy using reverse phase protein arrays (RPPA). The drug library screen assessing 688 drugs identified olaparib (a PARP inhibitor) as the most synergistic combination with selinexor. Synergy was further demonstrated by MTT assays. In the A2780luc ip1 mouse model, the combination of selinexor and olaparib yielded significantly lower tumor weight and fewer tumor nodules compared with the control group (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.04 and &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.03). In the OVCAR5 mouse model, the combination yielded significantly fewer nodules (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.006) and markedly lower tumor weight compared with the control group (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.059). RPPA analysis indicated decreased expression of DNA damage repair proteins and increased expression of tumor suppressor proteins in the combination treatment group. Collectively, our preclinical findings indicate that combination with selinexor to expand the utility and efficacy of PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer warrants further exploration.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Poly(alkylenedioxythiophene)s—new, very stable conducting polymers (1992)

The stabililty of conducting polymerss is enhanced by the presence in the doped polymer structure of substituents which are able to stabilize prositive charge while having only minor steric effects. The insufficient stability of conducting poplymers has greatly hindered their wide application but the title compounds have recently been shown to fullfil the above requirements and their synthesis, properties, and potential applications are described.
Recent unstable angina and off‐pump coronary artery bypass grafting is not related to postoperative atrial fibrillation (2003)

Post-CABG AF is associated with more complicated postoperative outcome. Recent unstable angina and off-pump procedure is not related to the occurrence of post-CABG AF.
FcγR interaction is not required for effective anti‐PD‐L1 immunotherapy but can add additional benefit depending on the tumor model (2018)

Immunomodulatory antibodies blocking interactions of coinhibitory receptors to their ligands such as CTLA-4, PD1 and PD-L1 on immune cells have shown impressive therapeutic efficacy in clinical studies. The therapeutic effect of these antibodies is mainly mediated by reactivating antitumor T cell immune responses. Detailed analysis of anti-CTLA4 antibody therapy revealed that an optimal therapeutic efficacy also requires binding to Fc receptors for IgG, FcγR, mediating depletion of intratumoral regulatory T cells. Here, we investigated the role of Fc binding in anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy in the MC38 C57BL/6 and CT26 BALB/c colon adenocarcinoma tumor models. In the MC38 tumor model, all IgG subclasses anti-PD-L1 showed similar therapeutic efficacy when compared to each other in either wild-type mice or in mice deficient for all FcγR. In contrast, in the CT26 tumor model, anti-PD-L1 mIgG2a, the IgG subclass with the highest affinity for activating FcγR, showed stronger therapeutic efficacy than other IgG subclasses. This was associated with a reduction of a myeloid cell subset with high expression of PD-L1 in the tumor microenvironment. This subclass preference for mIgG2a was lost in C57BL/6 × BALB/c F1 mice, indicating that the genetic background of the host may determine the additional clinical benefit of the high affinity antibody subclasses. Based on these data, we conclude that FcγR are not crucial for anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy but might play a role in some tumor models.
Screening antimicrobial activity of various extracts of Urtica dioica (2012)

Urtica dioica or stinging nettle is traditionally used as an herbal medicine in Western Asia. The current study represents the investigation of antimicrobial activity of U. dioica from nine crude extracts that were prepared using different organic solvents, obtained from two extraction methods: the Soxhlet extractor (Method I), which included the use of four solvents with ethyl acetate and hexane, or the sequential partitions (Method II) with a five solvent system (butanol). The antibacterial and antifungal activities of crude extracts were tested against 28 bacteria, three yeast strains and seven fungal isolates by the disc diffusion and broth dilution methods. Amoxicillin was used as positive control for bacteria strains, vancomycin for Streptococcus sp., miconazole nitrate (30 microg/mL) as positive control for fungi and yeast, and pure methanol (v/v) as negative control. The disc diffusion assay was used to determine the sensitivity of the samples, whilst the broth dilution method was used for the determination of the minimal inhibition concentration (MIC). The ethyl acetate and hexane extract from extraction method I (EA I and HE I) exhibited highest inhibition against some pathogenic bacteria such as Bacillus cereus, MRSA and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. A selection of extracts that showed some activity was further tested for the MIC and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC). MIC values of Bacillus subtilis and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) using butanol extract of extraction method II (BE II) were 8.33 and 16.33mg/mL, respectively; while the MIC value using ethyl acetate extract of extraction method II (EAE II) for Vibrio parahaemolyticus was 0.13mg/mL. Our study showed that 47.06% of extracts inhibited Gram-negative (8 out of 17), and 63.63% of extracts also inhibited Gram-positive bacteria (7 out of 11); besides, statistically the frequency of antimicrobial activity was 13.45% (35 out of 342) which in this among 21.71% belongs to antimicrobial activity extracts from extraction method I (33 out of 152 of crude extracts) and 6.82% from extraction method II (13 out of 190 of crude extracts). However, crude extracts from method I exhibited better antimicrobial activity against the Gram-positive bacteria than the Gram-negative bacteria. The positive results on medicinal plants screening for antibacterial activity constitutes primary information for further phytochemical and pharmacological studies. Therefore, the extracts could be suitable as antimicrobial agents in pharmaceutical and food industry.
A New Method for Measuring the Distortions of Electrodynamic Loudspeaker at Low Frequencies Part 1 : Closed-Bow Loudspeaker (1994)

저주파 대역에서의 스피커 왜곡을 무향실 없이 측정할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 이 방법은 제 n고조파의 경우 밀폐형 스피커 내부에 비해 외부에서 40log n dB 증폭된다는 사실에 기초를 두고 있다. 인클로저 내부의 정재파에 의한 영향을 상쇄함으로써 측정가능한 주파수 대역을 넓혔으며 측정오차의 원인을 분석하였다. 【A method for measuring the loudspeaker distortions at low frequencies without an anechoic is proposed. This method is based on the fact that the n-th harmonic distortion outside the enclosure is boosted by 40log n dB compared to that inside the enclosure. The applicable frequency range is extended by cancelling the effect of standing wave inside the enclosure. Causes of measurement error are also analyzed.】
Evaluating preservation medium for the storage of DNA in African lion Panthera leo faecal samples (2014)

Abstract Lion faecal samples, collected in the field between 1 hour to 1 week after defecation were preserved in three different media (ethanol, ASL buffer and Two-step storage). The aim was to determine which faecal DNA field preservation method best enhances PCR amplification success. Samples stored in ethanol showed a significantly higher amplification success of microsatellite loci than samples stored in the other two media. In contrast, amplification success of a mitochondrial locus was similar among the samples stored in the three types of media. We reviewed twelve previous studies that employed different media for the storage of faeces, although patterns of success were not fully consistent among different media, ethanol storage was scored highest in the majority of these tests.
In vitro release kinetics of proteins from bioactive foams (2003)

This study describes an approach to obtaining 3-D scaffolds for tissue engineering that allows the incorporation and release of biologically active proteins to stimulate cell function. Laminin was adsorbed on the textured surfaces of binary 70S30C (70 mol % SiO(2), 30 mol % CaO) and ternary 58S (60 mol % SiO(2), 36 mol % CaO, 4 mol % P(2)O(5)) foams. The covalent bonds between the binding sites of the proteins and the ligands on the scaffolds' surfaces did not denaturate the proteins. In vitro studies show that the foams modified with chemical groups and coated with laminin were bioactive, as demonstrated by the formation of a crystalline hydroxy carbonate apatite (HCA) layer formed on the surfaces of the foams upon exposure to simulated body fluid (SBF). The release of proteins from the foams also was investigated. Sustained and controlled release from the scaffolds over a 30-day period was achieved. Laminin release from the bioactive foams followed the dissolution rate of the material network. These results suggest that bioactive foams have the potential to act as scaffolds for soft-tissue engineering with a controlled release of proteins that can induce tissue formation or regeneration.
Rivers In The Sea: Can We Quantify Pigments In The Amazon And The Orinoco River Plumes From Space? (2005)

Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) images of the western tropical Atlantic (1979-1982) were combined into monthly mean surface pigment fields. These suggest that Amazon River water flows along northeastern South America directly toward the Caribbean sea early in the year. After June, however, the North Brazil Current is shunted eastward, carrying a large fraction of Amazon water into the North Equatorial Countercurrent (NECC). This eastward flow causes diminished flow through the Caribbean, which permits northwestward dispersal of Orinoco River water due to local Ekman forcing. The Orinoco plume crosses the Caribbean, leading to seasonal variation in surface salinity near Puerto Rico. At least 50 percent of the pigment concentration estimated in these plumes seems due to viable phytoplankton.
Improving the Reproductive Efficiency by Zoo‐Technical Methods at a Dairy Farm (2006)

This trial was conducted on a Hungarian dairy farm between July 2001 and December 2004. The objective of this work was to improve the reproductive efficiency with relatively high milk production. At the beginning of this trial blood and fodder samples were taken for checking the metabolic status of the animals in order to determine their health condition. The nutritive value of the daily ration for all groups met with the requirements of the Hungarian National Standard and almost all serum metabolic parameters differed between the milking and pregnant animals. Early pregnancy detection (by ultrasound) and ovulation synchronizing methods were introduced to optimize reproductive performance. The oestrus cycle was also checked by ultrasound and open cows were treated by the appropriate method in order to inseminate them as soon as possible. Efficiency of artificial insemination (AI) followed by a single prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) and Ovsynch treatment was similar (30.8% and 29%) and less effective than AI after natural heat detection (37.1%). Provsynch (Pre-synch followed by Ovsynch) was the most effective ovulation synchronization method (conception rate=42.6%; p<0.01). Although milk production increased between 2002 and 2004 by approximately 600 kg per cow, the calving period decreased by 20 days and the number of AIs per pregnancy was also improved (0.8 AI per conception). These findings are really beneficial economically because the decrease in the calving interval returns profit for the dairy farms; one open day costs euro2.5/cow. Economical analysis showed a high profit ratio from the reproductive 'investment' on this farm. Every invested euro yielded approximately euro10.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Functionalized, Monocyclic Chlorocyclobutenes (2010)

The selective synthesis of a variety of stereopure monocyclic chlorocyclobutenes is described. These derivatives could be coupled with Grignard reagents; two dienes from coupling with vinylmagnesium bromide reacted smoothly with maleic anhydride to yield illudol-related [4 + 2] cycloadducts.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTORESPONSIVE CROWN ETHERS. 4. INFLUENCE OF ALKALI METAL CATIONS ON PHOTOISOMERIZATION AND THERMAL ISOMERIZATION OF AZOBIS(BENZOCROWN ETHERS) (1982)

Abstract Unter . photostationären Bedingungen erfahren die trans‐Azobis(benzocrownether) in a CH 2 Cl 2 ‐BuOH eine Umlagerung in die cis‐Form (II), die für (Ib) und (Ic), nicht aber für (Ia), durch einen Zusatz von Rb oder Cs" bis zur Ausb. von 100% gesteigert wird.
Best polarity searching for ternary FPRM logic circuit area based on whole annealing genetic algorithm (2013)

In this paper, according to the corresponding different circuit area of ternary Reed-Muller(RM) logic circuit in different polarities, an algorithm of the best polarity searching for the ternary FPRM circuit area is proposed based on the whole annealing genetic algorithm(WAGA). This algorithm makes the polarities be encoded into ternary digit strings, and annealing selection is carried on. Meanwhile, using the parent group to participate in competition for crossover and mutation operation is to realize the best polarity searching for circuit area and to converge to the global optimal solution in a short period of time. The results of testing on MCNC Benchmarks indicate that the algorithm can reduce the circuit area effectively.
Infant Feeding Practices of HIV-Infected and Uninfected Women in Zimbabwe (2004)

We surveyed infant feeding knowledge, attitudes, and practices in Zimbabwe to determine whether knowledge of HIV seropositivity influences infant feeding behavior. Questionnaires were administered to 97 women 1 and 4 weeks postpartum and prospective data on infant feeding practices were collected. Participants were pregnant women who consented to a HIV test. A total of 116 women participated of whom 99 women underwent voluntary HIV counseling and testing (VCT); 17 women agreed to blinded HIV testing but did not opt for VCT. The responses to questionnaires on infant feeding practices of HIV-positive and HIV-negative women who knew and did not know their HIV status at day 1 and week 4 postpartum were compared. We found that HIV-positive women who did not learn their status breastfed their infants less, introduced supplementary foods sooner, and planned to wean their babies earlier compared to other women (p = 0.005, p = NS, p= 0.02). HIV-positive women (30/97) more frequently reported a prior history of infant death and AIDS-related symptoms compared to HIV-negative women. We conclude that HIV-positive women who did not know their status made incorrect decisions with respect to infant feeding. These women may have suspected themselves to be HIV-positive and consequently underfed their infants or because these women were more symptomatic may have been less likely to breastfeed; decreased intake may increase the risk for malnutrition. Knowledge of HIV status may influence infant feeding decisions and reveal an urgent need to address infant feeding practices of pregnant women in Zimbabwe.
Structural Changes of the Coating Layer by Styrene/Acrylate Latex with Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate (2019)

The coating structure is directly related to quality of coated paper, especially printability. Its structure mainly consists of pigment, binder, and additives. Binder has a significant influence on the coating structure because it is involved in the structure forming process and takes a key role in maintaining the structure. In this study, styrene acrylate (S/A) latex with hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as a comonomer was used as a binder, and the influence of HEMA contents on latex swelling and coating structure was investigated. The S/A latex particle swelled more with an increasing HEMA content, which significantly influenced coating color and coating layer characteristics. The viscosity of coating color became thick, and the dewatering of coating color was suppressed. The HEMA monomer that swelled latex particle allowed the coating layer to consolidate rapidly, which made the coating layer more porous and more uniform.
Pirani manometer with linearized response (1976)

A fast-reading Pirani manometer with an electronically linearized response for gas pressures between 3×10−4 and 0.5 Torr is described. The time constant of the manometer is 20 msec. Two NTC resistors are used, one for the sensor in the vacuum system and one for the reference at constant pressure. The pressure in the vacuum system is measured by analog computation of the power needed to stabilize the two resistors to equal temperature. By a relatively simple compensation circuit, changes in room temperature within ±10 °C can be eliminated to less than 1 per mille per degree. The manometer is built from inexpensive standard electronic components.
Sodium Pentosan Polysulfate Reduces Urothelial Responses to Inflammatory Stimuli Via an Indirect Mechanism (2002)

Sodium pentosan polysulfate may have a nonspecific effect against the viral (dsRNA) and bacterial (LPS) activation of nuclear factor kappaB. The observed clinical effect of sodium pentosan polysulfate may be mediated by nonspecific binding of sodium pentosan polysulfate molecules and the inflammatory stimulants of urothelial activation. These findings suggest a mechanism of action for sodium pentosan polysulfate that occurs in the urine rather than at the mucosal membrane by direct interaction of the drug with potential interstitial cystitis inducing inflammatory agents.
Oral Vaccination With Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Expressing Sin Nombre Virus Glycoprotein Prevents Sin Nombre Virus Transmission in Deer Mice (2020)

Sin Nombre virus (SNV) is the major cause of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in North America, a severe respiratory disease with a high fatality rate. SNV is carried by <i>Peromyscus maniculatus</i>, or deer mice, and human infection occurs following inhalation of aerosolized virus in mouse excreta or secreta, often in peri-domestic settings. Currently there are no FDA approved vaccines or therapeutics for SNV or any other hantaviruses, therefore prevention of infection is an important means of reducing the disease burden of HCPS. One approach for preventing HCPS cases is to prevent the spread of the virus amongst the rodent reservoir population through bait vaccination. However, bait style vaccines for rodent-borne viruses have not been employed in the field, unlike those targeting larger species. Here we utilized a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing SNV glycoprotein precursor (rVSVΔG/SNVGPC) in an attempt to prevent SNV transmission. Vaccination of deer mice with rVSVΔG/SNVGPC was able to reduce viral RNA copy numbers in the blood and lungs of directly infected animals. More importantly, vaccination, either intramuscularly or orally, significantly reduced the number of transmission events in a SNV transmission model compared with control animals. This provides a proof-of-concept in which oral vaccination of deer mice results in protection against acquiring the virus following direct contact with infected deer mice. Further development of bait style vaccines for SNV or other rodent-borne viruses could provide an effective means of reducing disease burden.
Computational studies on HdeA and its pH‐Dependent Activation (2019)

HdeA is a chaperone protein found in pathogenic gram‐negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli that forms homodimers, provides bacterial stress response and acid resistance. HdeA is inactive in its dimeric form and becomes activated in low pH environments such as the mammalian stomach. In low pH environments, it binds to other periplasmic proteins protecting them from aggregation and denaturation. Computational biophysical methods such as constant pH molecular dynamics (cpHMD) in explicit solvent have been utilized to couple protein dynamics and protonation states in order to reveal a plausible unfolding mechanism for HdeA. Our computational studies are providing insight into the unfolding mechanisms for HdeA. CpHMD was used to measure the 16 pK a values of the acidic GLU and ASP residues. Solvent Accessible Surface Area (SASA) analysis has shown that pH 7.0 has the highest amount of buried area while pH 2.0 has the least amount of buried area. This is in agreement with experimental findings which show that at pH 7.0 HdeA remains a well‐folded homodimer, while at pH 2.0 HdeA unfolds into monomers (Garrison and Crowhurst, 2013). Interestingly, analysis of individual residue fluctuations has shown that some dimer interface core residues fluctuate more when HdeA is in its active state while other core residues become more static at lower pHs. Both monomer and dimer simulations show that residue GlN4 gets protected at low pH consistent with deuterium exchange experiments. These findings are creating a complex but detailed view of HdeA's transition from its inactive dimeric state to active monomeric state. Support or Funding Information 8TL4GM118977‐02NIH BUILD PODER This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .