gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectrum allocation optimization scheme for heterogeneous multiuser UWB systems (2009)

In this paper, we investigate a new multiuser cross-layer approach for the resource allocation in the high rate ultra-wideband (UWB) systems. This cross-layer scheme is based on an optimization problem defined for the multiuser resource allocation. The new approach consists in combining information provided by the PHY and MAC layers in order to achieve an efficient and low-complexity sub-band allocation under quality of service (QoS) requirements. PHY level is responsible for providing the channel quality of each user by exploiting the effective SINR method, while the MAC level is in charge of classifying the existing users in order to differentiate between two major classes: hard-QoS and soft-QoS. The new low-complexity scheme performance is close to that of the optimal solution and it outperforms the single-user solution adopted by the multi-band UWB systems.
Prevention of falls and fall-related fractures through biomechanics. (2000)

Falls and fall-related injuries are a major health problem for elderly people. Biomechanical studies provide important insight into the cause of such events and reveal new techniques for preventing them. The topics reviewed in this article include balance recovery, safe landing responses, impact forces during falls, and fracture prevention through exercise programs, hip pads, and energy-absorbing floors.
Fisher Information at the Edge of Chaos in Random Boolean Networks (2011)

We study the order-chaos phase transition in random Boolean networks (RBNs), which have been used as models of gene regulatory networks. In particular we seek to characterize the phase diagram in information-theoretic terms, focusing on the effect of the control parameters (activity level and connectivity). Fisher information, which measures how much system dynamics can reveal about the control parameters, offers a natural interpretation of the phase diagram in RBNs. We report that this measure is maximized near the order-chaos phase transitions in RBNs, since this is the region where the system is most sensitive to its parameters. Furthermore, we use this study of RBNs to clarify the relationship between Shannon and Fisher information measures.
FABRICATION OF NANOSIZED CUPROUS OXIDE USING FEHLING'S SOLUTION (2010)

In this paper we describe a facile method for the synthesis of Cu2O nanoparticles by
reduction of Fehling's solution, using glucose as reducing agent. Copper sulfate is used as a precursor
with potassium sodium tartarate in an alkaline media to produce Fehling's solution. The precipitation
of Cu2O nanoparticles from this solution in the presence of glucose was controlled by addition of SLES
or Triton-X 100 as surfactants. The reactions have been carried out at 60C with high repeatability.
The purication process of the Cu2O product does not require expensive methods, since a solid product is
obtained from a reaction in liquid phase. The resulting Cu2O nanoparticles were characterized by X-Ray
Diraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX),
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
Molecular Targeted Therapy in Cancer (2003)

U se of non-selective drugs to kill cancer cells means that healthy cells will inevitably be damaged and many patients will suffer severe side-effects. New therapies are continuously being sought to reduce the mortality from cancer. The targeted cancer therapy has been developed with advances in molecular biology and technology. Over the last several decades, a wealth of knowledge has emerged regarding the molecular events involved in human cancer. Understanding the molecular events in tumorigenesis and mechanism would provide knowledge in searching for novel targets. Through our understanding of signaling pathways regulating cellular growth, cell cycle, and apoptosis, numerous targets for anticancer agents have emerged. The targets usually include EGFR, transmembrane protein tyrosine kinase, protein kinase C, farnesyl transferase, angiogenesis, and metalloproteinase. It has become clear that targeted therapy is the important novel strategy for treatment of cancer through preclinical and clinical trials.
Exposure assessment of epoxy fatty acids through consumption of specific foods available in Belgium (2017)

Epoxy fatty acids (EFAs) are secondary oxidation products formed from unsaturated fatty acid hydroperoxides. Seventeen food categories were analysed for C18 monoEFAs of food products available on the Belgian market. A quantitative exposure assessment was performed based on deterministic and probabilistic approaches combining these concentration data with consumption data obtained from the Belgian National Food Consumption Survey of 2004. A preliminary evaluation of any potential risk related to the intake of the studied EFAs through the studied foods was performed by applying the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) concept. Three food categories out of 17 foods, mayonnaise, butter-margarine and ready-to-eat meals were found to contribute most to the intake of EFAs. According to probabilistic determination, these foods had P50 intakes of 0.4085, 0.3328 and 0.2997 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> bw day<sup>-1</sup> respectively. They had P99.5 intakes of 3.7183, 2.7921 and 38.6068 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> bw day<sup>-1</sup> respectively. The intake below the TTC was from the consumption of cooked meat, smoked salmon and raw cured ham, with P50 intakes of 0.0006, 0.0007 and 0.0011 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> bw day<sup>-1</sup> respectively, and the other foods were above the TTC. Based on the TTC concept, a risk to human health could be identified related to the consumption of cheese, snacks foods, plant oils, French fries, dry nuts, chips, cured minced raw meat, cookies, fresh and frozen salmon and bacon.
8- to 9-μm and 14- to 15-μm two-color 640x486 GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) focal plane array camera (1999)

An optimized long-wavelength two-color quantum well IR photodetector (QWIP) device structure has been designed. This device structure was grown on a three-inch semi- insulating GaAs substrate by molecule beam epitaxy (MBE). This wafer was processed into several 640 X 486 format monolithically integrated 8-9 and 14-15 micrometers two-color QWIP focal plane arrays (FPAs). These FPAs were then hybridized to 640 X 486 silicon CMOS readout multiplexers. A thinned FPA hybrid was integrated into a liquid helium cooled dewar to perform electrical and optical characterization and to demonstrate simultaneous two-color imagery. The 8-9 micrometers detectors in the FPA have shown background limited performance (BLIP) at 70 K operating temperature, at 300 K background with f/2 cold stop. The 14-15 micrometers detectors of the FPA have reached BLIP at 40 K operating temperature at the same background conditions. In this paper we discuss the performance of this long-wavelength dualband QWIP FPA in quantum efficiency, detectivity, noise equivalent temperature difference, uniformity, and operability.
ISI and ICI Compensation for TFI-OFDM in Time-Variant Large Delay Spread Channel (2008)

In general, if the maximum delay spread is longer than guard interval (GI), the system performance is significantly degraded. The conventional time-frequency interferometry (TFI) for OFDM does not consider with timevariant large delay spread channel. In this paper, we propose a novel time domain inter-symbol-interference (ISI) cancellation scheme with replica signal based inter-carrierinterference (ICI) compensation for TFI-OFDM.
Chemical Structure and Thermal Properties of Initiator tRNA from Euphausia sperba in Comparison with Those of Other Eucaryotic Initiator tRNAs1 (1981)

The nucleotide sequence of initiator tRNA (tRNAiMet) from Euphausia sperba, which was harvested in the Antarctic Sea, was determined to be pA-G-C-A-G-A-G-U-m1G-m2G-C-G-C-A-G-U-G-G-A-A-G-C-G-U-m2G-C-U-G-G-G-C-C-C-A-U-t6 A-A-C-C-C-A-G-A-G-m7G-U-C-G-G-U-A-G-A-psi-C-G-m1A-A-A-C-U-A-C-U-C-U-C-U-G-C-U-A -C-C-AOH by using post-labeling methods recently developed. The nucleotide sequence was very similar to that of mammalian tRNAiMet except for changes in six bases and three modifications: C16, U55, D47 and m5C48 are replaced by U16, psi 55 and unmodified U47 and C48, respectively. A50-U64 and G52-C62 base pairs of mammalian tRNAiMet are reversed in Euphausia tRNAiMet. In addition, the G49-C65 pair of the former is replaced by a less stable G49-U65 pair in Euphausia tRNAiMet. The sequence homology was compared between Euphausia tRNAiMet and over ten different species of eucaryotic tRNAiMet so far sequenced. The melting temperature of Euphausia tRNAiMet was 72.5 degrees C, which is 4.2 degrees C and 8.3 degrees C lower than those of rat liver and yeast tRNAiMet's, respectively. The origin of the thermal instability of Euphausia tRNAiMet is discussed in comparison of its secondary structure compared with those of other eucaryotic tRNAiMet's.
MicroRNA-9 Fine-Tunes Dendritic Cell Function by Suppressing Negative Regulators in a Cell-Type-Specific Manner (2020)

Dendritic cells, cells of the innate immune system, are found in a steady state poised to respond to activating stimuli. Once stimulated, they rapidly undergo dynamic changes in gene expression to adopt an activated phenotype capable of stimulating immune responses. We find that the microRNA miR-9 is upregulated in both bone marrow-derived DCs and conventional DC1s but not in conventional DC2s following stimulation. miR-9 expression in BMDCs and conventional DC1s promotes enhanced DC activation and function, including the ability to stimulate T cell activation and control tumor growth. We find that miR-9 regulated the expression of several negative regulators of transcription, including the transcriptional repressor Polycomb group factor 6 (Pcgf6). These findings demonstrate that miR-9 facilitates the transition of DCs from steady state to mature state by regulating the expression of several negative regulators of DC function in a cell-type-specific manner.
Visual recognition of words from palatometric displays (1988)

The relation between visually perceived palatometric patterns and word recognition was measured using palatometric representations from 16 words shown on a video monitor. Five subjects examined the patterns and identified the words spoken. Words identified at 90% or higher accuracy rate were classified as “recognized.” Virtually immediate recognition of some words and rapid development of recognition for all of the words were found. Few errors were observed in the responses of any subject after the 6th of 10 experimental days. Analysis of the data indicated that word length, consonant manner of articulation, consonant and vowel place of articulation, and movement timing were the visual attributes used to differentiate the palatometric displays. An articulatory feature analysis indicated that the visually perceived attributes of the displays parallel those found in acoustic studies. The findings suggest that phonetic features may not be sensory avenue dependent. The findings will be interpreted with respect to modeling and shaping speech of the deaf. [Work supported by the NINCDS.]
HLA-A- and HLA-B-specific monoclonal antibodies reactive with free heavy chains in Western blots, in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections and in cryo-immuno-electron microscopy (1990)

The mAb HCA2 reacts preferentially with HLA-A locus heavy chains. Its reactivity contrasts with that of HC10, a mAb with more pronounced specificity for HLA-B and -C heavy chains. Both HCA2 and HC10 were raised against free class I heavy chains of HLA-A and -B antigens respectively, to obtain mAbs that would still react with denatured class I antigens, as they occur in Western blotting, conventional light microscopical analysis of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections, and cryo-immuno-electron microscopy. HCA2 and HC10 indeed retain strong reactivity with free class I heavy chains in Western blots. The HCA2 mAb in particular reacts in a locus-specific manner by biochemical criteria. Conditions are described for use of HCA2 and HC10 in immunohistochemical staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections. HCA2 and HC10 also produce strong reactivity in immuno-electron microscopy. Their use allows the determination of tissue and subcellular distribution of class I antigens.
Nitrogen–Iodine Exchange of Diaryliodonium Salts: Access to Acridine and Carbazole (2017)

A nitrogen-iodine exchange protocol of diaryliodonium salts with sodium azide salt is developed for general construction of significant functional acridines and carbazoles, in which introduction of nitrogen at a late stage was successfully established avoiding heteroatom incompatibility. Inorganic sodium azide served as the sole nitrogen atom source in this transformation. The diversiform functional acridines and carbazoles were comprehensively achieved through annulated diaryliodonium salts, respectively. Notably, Acridine orange (a fluorescent indicator for cell lysosomal dye) and Carprofen (a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug) were efficiently established through this protocol.
Determination of vitamins A, D and E in a small volume of human plasma by a high‐throughput method based on liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (2011)

We have developed an automated high-throughput assay for the determination of vitamin A (retinol), ergocalciferol (25-OH D2), cholecalciferol (25-OH D3) and vitamin E (α-tocopherol) in a small volume of human plasma. Sample preparation involved mixing 50 μL of plasma with 100 μL of ethanol containing isotope-labelled internal standards, followed by mixing with isooctane/chloroform (3:1, 300 μL). The organic phase was evaporated, and the sample reconstituted in 50 μL methanol. The analysis was performed using reversed-phase liquid chromatography with a gradient mobile phase containing water, methanol and ammonium formate. Chromatographic run-time was 5 min, and positive mode electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was used for detection. The limits of detection were 0.10 μM for all-trans retinol and 3.3 nM for 25-OH D2 and 25-OH D3. Recoveries were 91.9-105.0%, and within- and between-day coefficients of variance (CVs) 2.4-5.3 and 3.1-8.2, respectively. The assay is presently being used in large-scale studies.
Info-mobility: A Concept for Advanced Automotive Functions Toward the 21st Century (1991)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper proposes a new concept of the info-mobility in which the information plays a key role in the future automobile with advanced functions. The basic “driver-vehicle-road environment” system could be reorganized by using three information systems, i.e. in-vehicle, roadside and wide area ones. Nine info-mobility functions, including those of judging abnormal conditions of driver and vehicle, supporting driver's manipulation, detecting obstacles and external disturbances, recognizing environment, route guidance, etc., are described. Twenty-seven specified functions selected for respective functions and related technological subjects are also discussed.&lt;/div&gt;
Fundamental Frequency Estimation by Combinations of Various Methods (2006)

Several pitch estimation algorithms have been proposed over the decades, but they have tended to become more and more complex and cumbersome, some of them requiring much more computational power than a real-time application can afford. Rather than have one sophisticated algorithm, here we propose to combine the output of several conventional and relatively simple algorithms by various dedicated combination schemes. These combination methods perform a kind of weighted majority voting that helps find the correct solution when just a few of the basic algorithms go wrong. For testing purposes we compare the performance of the methods on a pitch-annotated corpora. The results show that with the combination schemes the amount of errors can be reduced by about 20-35% relative to the error of the best individual estimator
Evaluation of the interest to combine a CD4 Th1-inducer cancer vaccine derived from telomerase and atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomized non-comparative phase II study (TERTIO – PRODIGE 82) (2023)

NCT05528952.
Enhanced Vanillin Production from Recombinant E. coli Using NTG Mutagenesis and Adsorbent Resin (2007)

Vanillin production was tested with different concentrations of added ferulic acid in E. coli harboring plasmid pTAHEF containing fcs (feruloyl-CoA synthase) and ech (enoyl-CoA hydratase/aldolase) genes cloned from Amycolatopsis sp. strain HR104. The maximum production of vanillin from E. coli DH5alpha harboring pTAHEF was found to be 1.0 g/L at 2.0 g/L of ferulic acid for 48 h of culture. To improve the vanillin production by reducing its toxicity, two approaches were followed: (1) generation of vanillin-resistant mutant of NTG-VR1 through NTG mutagenesis and (2) removal of toxic vanillin from the medium by XAD-2 resin absorption. The vanillin production of NTG-VR1 increased to three times at 5 g/L of ferulic acid when compared with its wild-type strain. When 50% (w/v) of XAD-2 resin was employed in culture with 10 g/L of ferulic acid, the vanillin production of NTG-VR1 was 2.9 g/L, which was 2-fold higher than that obtained with no use of the resin.
Production of a Biocatalyst of Pseudomonas putida CECT5279 for Dibenzothiophene (DBT) Biodesulfurization for Different Media Compositions (2004)

The production of a biocatalyst of a genetically modified microorganism (GMO) (Pseudomonas putida CECT5279) that can desulfurize dibenzothiophene (DBT) has been studied. The biomass growth rate and the development of the sulfur-removal capability during microorganism growth have been measured and modeled. Different growth media and different carbon−glucose, carbon−citrate, and carbon−glutamic acid sources, as well as different nitrogen−ammonium and/or nitrogen−glutamic acid sources, have been used, in addition to different glutamic acid concentrations (5, 10, 20, and 40 g/L), to study their influence on the growth rate and desulfurizing capability. Experimental results show clear differences both in growth and in the biodesulfurization capability developed by the cells, depending on the media composition. To quantify the desulfurization capability, a parameter has been defined: DBDS, which is the degree of biodesulfurization developed during growth. This parameter is useful not only to compare the results achieved under different media and conditions but also to compare different microorganisms, in regard to the desulfurization capability. Inside the experimental range studied, the best production media is composed of 20 g/L of glutamic acid, with 670 ppm of NH4+ as the respective carbon and nitrogen sources. A nonstructured kinetic model that describes the growth and desulfurizing capability development is proposed and applied by nonlinear simple response fitting to all the experiments that have been performed. The model can be used to describe all the experimental data with good statistical parameters.
Taming the parent oxoborane (2023)

Despite recent advancements in the chemistry of multiply bound boron compounds, the laboratory isolation of the parent oxoborane moiety, HBO has long remained an unsolved and well-recognized challenge. The reaction of 6-SIDipp·BH<sub>3</sub> [6-SIDipp = 1,3-di(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)tetrahydropyrimidine-2-ylidene] with GaCl<sub>3</sub> afforded an unusual boron-gallium 3c-2e compound (1). The addition of water to 1 resulted in the release of H<sub>2</sub> and the formation of a rare acid stabilized neutral parent oxoborane, LB(H)[double bond, length as m-dash]O (2). Crystallographic and density functional theory (DFT) analyses support the presence of a terminal B[double bond, length as m-dash]O double bond. Subsequent addition of another equivalent of water molecule led to hydrolysis of the B-H bond to the B-OH bond, but the 'B[double bond, length as m-dash]O' moiety remained intact, resulting in the formation of the hydroxy oxoborane compound (3), which can be classified as a monomeric form of metaboric acid.
Energy transfer upconversion in LaF3:Pr3+ (1973)

Studies of infrared quantum counter upconversion in LaF3:Pr3+ and LaCl3:Pr3+ have led to the discovery of a process in which a red excitation photon results in the emission of a blue photon. When the 1D2 level of Pr3+ is excited by a cw rhodamine 6-G dye laser, blue fluorescence from the 3P0 level is observed. From the flux dependence and lifetime of the induced fluorescence, we conclude that the observed phenomenon arises from excitation annihilation involving pairs of ions in the 3H6 and the 1D2 states.
Quantum topology of molecular charge distributions. II. Molecular structure and its change (1979)

This paper illustrates how the concepts of atoms and bonds may be given definite expression in terms of the topological properties of the charge density, ρ (r), and how, as a consequence of these identifications, one is led to a definition of structure and to a phenomenological analysis of structural stability. This approach finds its natural expression in René Thom’s general analysis of structural stability as it applies to a system whose behavior is describable in terms of the gradient of some scalar field. Chemical observations are made in real space, and thus chemical behavior is determined by the morphology of a system’s charge distribution and its evolution with time. The analysis of the topological properties of ρ (r) via the associated gradient vector field ∇ρ (r), reduces to the identification of the critical points in ρ (r). Two types of critical points assume special roles in the analysis. A (3,−3) critical point, a maximum in ρ (r), is an attractor and is identified with the position of a nucleus in the molecular system under study. The basin of the attractor defines the atom associated with the corresponding nucleus. A (3,−1) critical point defines the interatomic surface separating two neighboring atoms, and the bond path linking their nuclei, the line along which the charge density is maximum with respect to lateral displacements. Hence, neighboring atoms are defined to be bonded to one another and the network of bond paths, for a given nuclear configuration, determines its molecular graph. Structure is defined as that set of molecular graphs which contain the same number of bond paths, linking the same nuclei. Thus a change in structure necessitates a change in the number and/or arrangement of bond paths. The making and/or breaking of chemical bonds associated with such a change is topologically a discontinuous process, and the associated change in structure is therefore, abrupt: a continuous change in the nuclear coordinates, the parameters which control the behavior of the system, can lead to a discontinuous change in molecule’s behavior. A point in control space defining the nuclear configuration for which such discontinuous behavior is observed, is called a catastrophe point. The set of catastrophe points thus partitions nuclear configuration space into regions of different structure. The breaking or making of bonds is a catastrophe of the bifurcation type, resulting from the formation of a singularity in ρ (r), whereas the switching of a bond from one nucleus to another is a catastrophe of the conflict type. It is shown that the analytical description of the formation of a three-membered ring structure from all possible neighboring structures (as illustrated for H+3 and H2O) is provided by the unfolding of a particular type of catastrophe, the elliptic umbilic.
The effects of shear flow on protein structure and function (2011)

Protein molecules are subjected to potentially denaturing fluid shear forces during processing and in circulation in the body. These complex molecules, involved in numerous biological functions and reactions, can be significantly impaired by molecular damage. There have been many studies on the effects of hydrodynamic shear forces on protein structure and function. These studies are reviewed and the implications to bioprocessing and pathophysiology of certain diseases are discussed.