gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy-selective multichannel ultraviolet photodiodes based on (Mg,Zn)O (2013)

We report on the fabrication of photodiodes, employing rectifying contacts based on ternary (Mg,Zn)O thin films in wurtzite modification. We utilize a concept for forming a compositionally graded active layer, allowing the design of energy-selective, monolithic, and multichannel ultraviolet metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors. In our device design, the filter layer blocking high energy irradiation is separated from the active layer and allows the tuning of cutoff energies and bandwidth of the photodiode. Here, the onset of absorption was tuned over 230 meV, and the bandwidth of the photodiodes was varied by 140 meV within the continuous composition spread of the active layer.
Crystal structure of a complex formed between proteolytically-generated lactoferrin fragment and proteinase K (1998)

Lactoferrin is an iron binding glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 80 kDa. The molecule is divided into two lobes representing the N-terminal and C-terminal halves of the polypeptide chain, each containing an iron binding site. The serine proteinases such as trypsin, chymotrypsin, and pepsin hydrolyze lactoferrin into two unequal halves while proteinase K divides this protein into two equal halves. In the first step of hydrolysis by proteinase K, the C- and N-lobes, each having a molecular weight of approximately 40 kDa, are generated. In the next step, the lobes are further hydrolyzed into small molecular weight peptides. The proteinase K isolated from the hydrolyzed product does not show enzymatic activity suggesting that the enzyme is inhibited. Furthermore, the hydrolysis experiments on N-lobe and C-lobe showed that the inhibitory fragment came from the C-lobe. The purified lactoferrin fragment was found to be a decapeptide with an amino acid sequence of H2N-Val-Ala-Gln-Gly-Ala-Ala-Gly-Leu-Ala-COOH. The complex formed between proteinase K and lactoferrin fragment was crystallized by microdialysis. The crystals belonged to the monoclinic space group P2(1) with cell dimensions a = 44.4 A, b = 38.6 A, c = 79.2 A, beta = 105.8 degrees and Z = 2. The crystal structure has been determined at 2.4 A resolution. It has been refined to an R factor of 0.163 for 9044 reflections. The Lf-fragment forms several intermolecular interactions with proteinase K. The Ser-224 Ogamma and His-57 N epsilon2 move away to a distance of 3.68 A in the complex. In the crystal structure, Gln-3I (I indicates inhibitor i.e., lactoferrin fragment) is involved in a direct intermolecular interaction with a symmetry related proteinase K molecule through a strong hydrogen bond with Asp-254. The mode of intermolecular interactions in the complex conformational features of the enzyme and placement of the fragment with respect to the enzyme resemble with the molecular complex of proteinase K with its natural inhibitor PKI3 from wheat.
Solution Structure and Dynamics of the Reduced and Oxidized Forms of the N-Terminal Domain of PilB from Neisseria meningitidis (2008)

The secreted form of the PilB protein was proposed to be involved in pathogen survival fighting against the defensive host's oxidative burst. PilB protein is composed of three domains. The central and the C-terminal domains display methionine sulfoxide reductase A and B activities, respectively. The N-terminal domain, which possesses a CXXC motif, was recently shown to regenerate in vitro the reduced forms of the methionine sulfoxide reductase domains of PilB from their oxidized forms, as does the thioredoxin 1 from E. coli, via a disulfide bond exchange. The thioredoxin-like N-terminal domain belongs to the cytochrome maturation protein structural family, but it possesses a unique additional segment (99)FLHE (102) localized in a loop. This segment covers one edge of the active site in the crystal structure of the reduced form of the N-terminal domain of PilB. We have determined the solution structure and the dynamics of the N-terminal domain from Neisseria meningitidis, in its reduced and oxidized forms. The FLHE loop adopts, in both redox states, a well-defined conformation. Subtle conformational and dynamic changes upon oxidation are highlighted around the active site, as well as in the FLHE loop. The functional consequences of the cytochrome maturation protein topology and those of the presence of FLHE loop are discussed in relation to the enzymatic properties of the N-terminal domain.
DNA binding polarity, dimerization, and ATPase ring remodeling in the CMG helicase of the eukaryotic replisome (2014)

The Cdc45/Mcm2-7/GINS (CMG) helicase separates DNA strands during replication in eukaryotes. How the CMG is assembled and engages DNA substrates remains unclear. Using electron microscopy, we have determined the structure of the CMG in the presence of ATPγS and a DNA duplex bearing a 3' single-stranded tail. The structure shows that the MCM subunits of the CMG bind preferentially to single-stranded DNA, establishes the polarity by which DNA enters into the Mcm2-7 pore, and explains how Cdc45 helps prevent DNA from dissociating from the helicase. The Mcm2-7 subcomplex forms a cracked-ring, right-handed spiral when DNA and nucleotide are bound, revealing unexpected congruencies between the CMG and both bacterial DnaB helicases and the AAA+ motor of the eukaryotic proteasome. The existence of a subpopulation of dimeric CMGs establishes the subunit register of Mcm2-7 double hexamers and together with the spiral form highlights how Mcm2-7 transitions through different conformational and assembly states as it matures into a functional helicase.
Robust nonlinear reference filtering for constrained linear systems with uncertain impulse/step responses (2002)

A method based on conceptual tools of predictive control is described for solving tracking problems wherein pointwise-in-time input and/or state inequality constraints and model uncertainties are present. It consists of adding to a primal compensated system a nonlinear device called predictive reference filter (PRF) which manipulates the desired trajectory in order to fulfill the prescribed constraints. Provided that an admissibility condition on the initial state is satisfied, the control scheme is proved to fulfill the constraints and be asymptotically stable for all the systems whose impulse-response and step-response descriptions lie within given uncertainty ranges.
Adaptive realizations of the maximum likelihood processor for time delay estimation (1984)

This correspondence introduces an adaptive realization of the maximum likelihood (ML) processor for time delay estimation (TDE). Also presented is a modified ML processor, which requires less computations but still performs better than the other when implemented in an adaptive way. Widrow's least mean square (LMS) adaptive filter algorithm is used to implement the two methods. Simulation results comparing these processors with other existing adaptive TDE algorithms are also presented.
A Survey on Technologies, Standards and Open Challenges in Satellite IoT (2021)

The Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to bring new opportunities for improving several services for the Society, from transportation to agriculture, from smart cities to fleet management. In this framework, massive connectivity represents one of the key issues. This is especially relevant when IoT systems are expected to cover a large geographical area or a region not reached by terrestrial network connections. In such scenarios, the usage of satellites might represent a viable solution for providing wide area coverage and connectivity in a flexible and affordable manner. Our paper presents a survey on current solutions for the deployment of IoT services in remote/rural areas by exploiting satellites. Several architectures and technical solutions are analyzed, underlining their features and limitations, and real test cases are presented. It has been highlighted that low-orbit satellites offer an efficient solution to support long-range IoT services, with a good trade-off in terms of coverage and latency. Moreover, open issues, new challenges, and innovative technologies have been focused, carefully considering the perimeter that current IoT standardization framework will impose to the practical implementation of future satellite based IoT systems.
Low-Temperature Nitrogen Introduction onto Polyurethane Surface Using Surface-Wave Excited N2/H2 Plasma (2007)

In this article, we report the results of the low-temperature chemical modification of a polyurethane (PU) surface using surface-wave excited N2/H2 plasma. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and double-probe measurement were performed to obtain optimum plasma properties. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was employed to characterize the changes on the PU surface and to estimate the amount of introduced nitrogen-containing groups. The result shows that the largest amount of increase was obtained in the case of 90% N2/(N2 + H2) plasma where the N/C ratio on the PU surface increased from 0.0128 before plasma treatment to 0.131 after plasma treatment.
Enantioselective Synthesis of α-Hydroxy Acids Employing (1S)-(+)-N,N-Diisopropyl-10-camphorsulfonamide as Chiral Auxiliary (1999)

Lewis acid (BF3·OEt2) catalyzed condensation of dimethoxy acetal 2 with α-hydroxy acids produces chiral 1,3-dioxolanones I. The enolates derived from these compounds undergo reactions with alkyl halides with a high level of diastereoselectivity. Subsequent hydrolysis of these alkylated products II gives mono- and disubstituted α-hydroxy acids III with high enantiomeric excesses.
How Phytohormone Iaa and Chelator Edta Affect Lead Uptake by ZN/CD HyperaccumulatorPicris Divaricata (2011)

In this paper, the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and/or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on lead uptake by a Zn/Cd hyperaccumulator Picris divaricata were studied. P. divaricata responded to Pb by better root system and increased biomass in presence of phytohormone IAA, which was able to reduce the inhibiting effects of Pb on transpiration without reducing the uptake of Pb The application of 100 microM IAA increased plant transpiration rate by about 20% and Pb concentration in leaves by about 37.3% as compared to treatment exposed to Pb alone. The enhanced phytoextraction efficiency could be attributed to the mechanisms played by IAA through alleviating Pb toxicity, creating better root system and plant biomass, promoting a higher transpiration rate as well as regulating the level of nutrient elements. On the contrary, inefficiency of phytoextraction was found with EDTA or the combination of IAA and EDTA probably because most Pb was in the form of Pb-EDTA complex which blocked the uptake by P. divaricata. The present study demonstrated that IAA was able to enhance the phytoextraction of Pb by Zn/Cd hyperaccumulator P. divaricata, providing a feasible method for the phytoremediation of polymetallic contaminated soils.
Enhancing the resolution of a near-eye display with a Pancharatnam–Berry phase deflector (2017)

We report an electro-optic image shifter to enhance the resolution of display devices with a Pancharatnam-Berry phase deflector (PBD). The switching time of our PBD is less than 1 ms. Through synchronizing and computational factorization, we are able to double the display resolution for reducing the screen door effect. Such a thin and lightweight PBD image shifter can be easily integrated into wearable display devices. Its potential application for virtual reality and augmented reality is emphasized.
First measurement of strain distribution along field-installed optical fibers using Brillouin spectroscopy (1990)

Strain distributions along optical fibers in a 1.3-km-long cable before and after installation are measured using Brillouin optical-fiber time domain analysis. The residual strains in the installed optical fibers were found to vary from zero to 0.07%, depending on the conduit configuration and installation procedure. Strain distribution measurements were carried out on a 24-fiber slotted-core type single-mode optical fiber cable for 1.55- mu m-wavelength transmission, whose length, outer diameter, and weight were 1.3 km, 14 mm, and 0.18 kg/m, respectively. No clear relation between strain distributions and the fiber configuration in the test cable are found.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Molecular Targets for Suppression of Metastasis: Recent Cellular Observations (2013)

Cancer metastasis is regulated by many factors. In this review article, we introduce novel molecular targets for the suppression of cancer metastasis. Dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin (DHMEQ) is a specific inhibitor of NF-κB that inhibits many types of cancer cell growth in vivo. Recently, DHMEQ was reported to suppress cell invasion in an ovarian cancer cell line due to the deregulation of the autocrine system of CXCL12/ CXCR4. An ATP-sensitive K+ channel blocker, glybenclamide, has been reported to suppress PDGF secretion, thereby inhibiting cell migration in ovarian cancer. Other emerging molecular targets are glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-degrading enzymes, such as heparanase and hyaluronidases. These inhibitors have been shown to suppress cancer cell metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. We previously reported the important role of protein glycosylation for metastasis-related protein functions. Thus, we hypothesize that NF-κB, K+ channels, GAG-degrading enzymes, and protein glycosylation may be useful targets for suppression of metastasis.
[Contradictions in an original case. Contradictory psychiatric behavior after traumatic injury of the anterior part of the corpus callosum]. (1999)

A traumatic injury of the anterior part of the corpus callosum led to a peculiar symptomatology associating motor conflicting behavior (diagnostic dyspraxia or voluntary ambivalence) and conflicting thoughts (emotional ambivalence) inducing a distressing feeling.
Generation of a human induced pluripotent stem cell line, BRCi005-A, derived from a Best disease patient with BEST1 mutations (2020)

Best Disease is an inherited retinal dystrophy that results in progressive and irreversible central vision loss caused by mutations of BESTROPHIN1 (BEST1). We established human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a Best disease patient with mutations R218H and A357V in the BEST1 gene. The generated iPSCs showed pluripotency markers and three-germ layer differentiation ability in vitro. A genetic analysis revealed mutations of R218H and A357V in the iPSCs. This iPSC line will be useful for elucidating the pathomechanisms of and drug discovery for Best disease.
Modeling CMOS gate characteristics using independent component analysis (2004)

Independent component analysis, a technique for blind source separation is applied to E-test parameter data from a CMOS manufacturing process. Models of variance for channel transistors are developed using the assumption that discrete steps in the process introduce statistically independent variance components through particular physical mechanisms. We calculate confidence intervals for the models, eliminating marginally significant components and chart the percentage of parameter variance explained by each significant component. The isolated variance sources are easily interpretable based on device physics.
Partial fluorination of tetrahydrofuran with cobalt trifluoride (1969)

Tetrahydrofuran reacts with cobalt trifluoride to give a mixture (over 30 components) of partially fluorinated oxolans, propanes, and acid fluorides (Table 1), most of which have been identified, mainly by n.m.r. spectroscopy. Possible fluorination pathways are discussed.
Fonction dichroïque en optique intégrée. Applications à la métrologie des dispositifs interférométriques (2003)

National audience
Bacterial Quorum Sensing: Its Role in Virulence and Possibilities for Its Control (2012)

Quorum sensing is a process of cell-cell communication that allows bacteria to share information about cell density and adjust gene expression accordingly. This process enables bacteria to express energetically expensive processes as a collective only when the impact of those processes on the environment or on a host will be maximized. Among the many traits controlled by quorum sensing is the expression of virulence factors by pathogenic bacteria. Here we review the quorum-sensing circuits of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Vibrio cholerae. We outline these canonical quorum-sensing mechanisms and how each uniquely controls virulence factor production. Additionally, we examine recent efforts to inhibit quorum sensing in these pathogens with the goal of designing novel antimicrobial therapeutics.
NURA: a feasible, gas-dielectric interconnect process (2002)

We have proposed a gas-dielectric interconnect process, and demonstrated its feasibility. While several engineering problems need to tackled before the proposed process is manufacturable, the incentive for further development of this process is huge since it can lead to the minimum physical value of the relative dielectric constant, 1.0.
Analysis of MTBF evaluation methods for small sample sizes (2016)

The accurate estimation of Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) may be necessary under small sample size conditions and can be difficult. This article proposes combinations of two methods to calculate the cumulative probability using hierarchical Bayesian estimation and the mean rank order method, and two approaches to estimate parameters of the Weibull distribution using the ε-support vector regression (ε-SVR) and least square method. The relative error of these methods against a simulation are used to measure the accuracy of the parameter estimation where, according to the definition of MTBF, the expectation of the Weibull distribution is taken as the estimated value of MTBF. The article suggests approaches for further research in the reliability of aviation equipment.
Complications following arthroscopic fixation of acromioclavicular separations: a systematic review of the literature (2015)

Arthroscopic AC reconstruction techniques carry a distinct complication profile. The TightRope/Endobutton techniques, when performed acutely, provide good radiographic outcomes at the expense of hardware irritation. In contrast, graft reconstructions in patients with chronic AC separations demonstrated a high risk for loss of reduction. Fractures of the coracoid/clavicle remain a significant complication occurring predominately with techniques utilizing bony tunnels.
On the Generalizability and Predictability of Recommender Systems (2022)

While other areas of machine learning have seen more and more automation, designing a high-performing recommender system still requires a high level of human effort. Furthermore, recent work has shown that modern recommender system algorithms do not always improve over well-tuned baselines. A natural follow-up question is, "how do we choose the right algorithm for a new dataset and performance metric?" In this work, we start by giving the first large-scale study of recommender system approaches by comparing 18 algorithms and 100 sets of hyperparameters across 85 datasets and 315 metrics. We find that the best algorithms and hyperparameters are highly dependent on the dataset and performance metric, however, there are also strong correlations between the performance of each algorithm and various meta-features of the datasets. Motivated by these findings, we create RecZilla, a meta-learning approach to recommender systems that uses a model to predict the best algorithm and hyperparameters for new, unseen datasets. By using far more meta-training data than prior work, RecZilla is able to substantially reduce the level of human involvement when faced with a new recommender system application. We not only release our code and pretrained RecZilla models, but also all of our raw experimental results, so that practitioners can train a RecZilla model for their desired performance metric: https://github.com/naszilla/reczilla.
Ferroelectric properties of modified strontium barium niobate ceramics (1986)

Modified Strontium Barium Niobate ceramics with tungsten bronze filled structure were prepared by the conventional ceramic techniques. The dielectric constant is measured at 1 MHz as a function of temperature. The ferroelectric transition temperature is considerably lowered by the introduction of rare-earth Nd3+. The dielectric constant is found to be lower in Lithium composition.
IV.H.11 CO Sensors for Fuel Cell Applications (2004)

Two electrochemical sensor types are being investigated for high and low temperature carbon monoxide sensing: • An amperometric device based on the carbon monoxide inhibition of hydrogen oxidation kinetics at the electrodes of a PEM fuel cell is being developed for the low temperature application. – Sensors based on perfluorosulfonic acid polymer electrolytes are being evaluated. – Different catalyst loadings of carbon supported and un-supported Pt, Ru and Pt/Ru alloys are being evaluated as electrodes. • An solid oxide electrolyte device based on the kinetics of the electrode reactions is being developed for both the high and low temperature application. – Yttria-doped zirconia and gadolinia-doped ceria oxygen ion conductors are being investigated as the solid electrolyte. – Several metals including Pt, Pd, Au, Ru and Ni are being evaluated as the sensing and reference electrodes.
New multicolor liquid crystal displays that use a twisted nematic electro-optical cell (1973)

Two new variable color display device arrangements are described. These arrangements combine the unique polarization switching capabilities of the twisted nematic liquid crystal electro-optical cell with the anisotropic optical properties of separate passive optical elements. In one scheme, the passive element is a birefringent film in combination with a neutral polarizer, and colors are transmitted by the selective interference of white light. In another design, where the passive element is a pleochroic filter, the transmitted colors result from the selective absorption of white light. These arrangements make possible large area displays, since the colors transmitted do not depend on the temperature or thickness of the nematic layer. Transmission curves and other color information are given for a number of examples.