gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Readily available fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated antibodies can be easily converted into targeted phototoxic agents for antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer therapy. (1990)

Fluorescein-labeled antibodies have little, if any, photodynamic effect because energy acquired by light absorption is rapidly dissipated in fluorescence. However, they can be easily and efficiently converted to selective photodynamic sensitizers by iodination under mild conditions. We have outlined general experimental procedures that can be used to turn a fluorescein-labeled anti-Escherichia coli antibody into a photodynamic sensitizer that selectively kills E. coli while sparing closely related Salmonella typhimurium. These results demonstrate that iodination did not destroy the specificity or activity of the antibody. This technique should be applicable to the large number of fluoresceinated antibodies that are commercially available. Thus, this strategy provides a simple way to rapidly prepare a large number of targeted phototoxic agents that can be used for the selective destruction with light of nearly any type of tissue or organism.
Single Cell Deposition and Patterning with a Robotic System (2010)

Integrating single-cell manipulation techniques in traditional and emerging biological culture systems is challenging. Microfabricated devices for single cell studies in particular often require cells to be spatially positioned at specific culture sites on the device surface. This paper presents a robotic micromanipulation system for pick-and-place positioning of single cells. By integrating computer vision and motion control algorithms, the system visually tracks a cell in real time and controls multiple positioning devices simultaneously to accurately pick up a single cell, transfer it to a desired substrate, and deposit it at a specified location. A traditional glass micropipette is used, and whole- and partial-cell aspiration techniques are investigated to manipulate single cells. Partially aspirating cells resulted in an operation speed of 15 seconds per cell and a 95% success rate. In contrast, the whole-cell aspiration method required 30 seconds per cell and achieved a success rate of 80%. The broad applicability of this robotic manipulation technique is demonstrated using multiple cell types on traditional substrates and on open-top microfabricated devices, without requiring modifications to device designs. Furthermore, we used this serial deposition process in conjunction with an established parallel cell manipulation technique to improve the efficiency of single cell capture from ∼80% to 100%. Using a robotic micromanipulation system to position single cells on a substrate is demonstrated as an effective stand-alone or bolstering technology for single-cell studies, eliminating some of the drawbacks associated with standard single-cell handling and manipulation techniques.
Seven-fold dynamical symmetry in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (2002)

Nuclear magnetic resonance is a very useful physical effect discovered independently by two groups of American scientists in the 1940's. These researchers discovered that if ordinary matter is placed in a strong magnetic field, radio waves with well defined frequencies, like radio stations, are absorbed or emitted. &lt;br/&gt;One group first detected this effect in a large block of wax; another used ordinary tap water. The radio emissions are due to the atomic nuclei that sit at the heart of every atom. Some of these atomic nuclei are magnetic,\nand it is the rotatory motion ("precession") of these microscopic magnets that cause the detectable radio signals.
Peroxynitrite activates the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway in human skin primary fibroblasts (2000)

Peroxynitrite is a potent oxidizing and nitrating species formed in a diffusion-limited reaction between nitrogen monoxide and superoxide. It induces apoptosis through unknown mechanisms and is believed to interfere with receptor tyrosine kinase signalling through nitration of tyrosine residues. One pathway emanating from receptor tyrosine kinases is that leading to activation of the anti-apoptotic kinase Akt. In the present study we provide evidence that peroxynitrite, administered to cells using two different delivery systems, results in the dose- and time-dependent activation of Akt. Akt activation is rapid and followed by phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3, an established substrate of Akt. Akt activation is inhibited in the presence of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K) inhibitors wortmannin and LY294002, and by treatment with the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor (PDGFR) inhibitor AG1295, indicating a requirement for PDGFR and PI-3K in mediating peroxynitrite-induced Akt activation. Accordingly, the PDGFR-A and PDGFR-B isoforms were shown to undergo rapid tyrosine phosphorylation on treatment with peroxynitrite. Prior exposure of cells to peroxynitrite interferes with PDGF-induced Akt phosphorylation. Our findings suggest that Akt activation occurs as an acute response to peroxynitrite treatment and could play an important role in influencing cell survival and/or alter the cellular response to other growth regulatory signals.
DeepFinger: A Cascade Convolutional Neuron Network Approach to Finger Key Point Detection in Egocentric Vision with Mobile Camera (2015)

In this paper, we introduce a new approach to finger key point detection. For RGB images captured from an egocentric vision with a mobile camera, fingertip point detection remains a challenging problem due to various factors, like background complexity, illumination variety, hand shape diversity, and image blur cause by camera movements. To address these issues, we propose a bi-level cascade structure of a convolutional neuron network (CNN). The first-level CNN generates a bounding box of hand region by filtering a large proportion of complicated background information. Using the bounding box area as input, the second-level CNN including an extra branch returns accurate fingertip location with a multi-channel dataset. Our approach is the first attempt of finger key point detection from an egocentric vision with a mobile camera. The proposed method achieves satisfying and significant better results compared to previous fingertip detection methods based on handcraft features.
Conocimiento previo y generación de inferencias lectoras en personas sordas (2008)

This article presents a descriptive investigation about the relation between previous knowledge and generation of reading inferences in deaf people. They analyzed the reading comprehension of 4 deaf people between 20 and 23 years old, educated and with not less than 10 years of exposition to Spanish read and written as second language. They are exposed to narrative texts, in the first place a narrative example is contributed to generate previous knowledge of the subject matter and is exposed to the text evaluated, subsequently is exposed to another text of different subject matter. The method of free memory is utilized and instigation through questions. The results show that the most important factor for the generation of inferences is not the previous knowledge of the treated subject matter but the training and comprehension of the type of questions.
Slant Field Plate Model for Field-Effect Transistors (2014)

The simplified field plate model for field-effect transistors previously introduced is further developed to allow arbitrary transition angles between gate and field plate or adjacent field plates. The model shows that transition angles less than 30° (measured from the surface) can result in significant improvements in electric field management.
Abstract 68: Targeting macrophage that forms a chemotherapy-induced niche significantly reduces cancer stem cells and tumors (2018)

Abstract Failure in cancer therapy is often caused by relapse resulting largely from chemo-resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs). Most colorectal cancer patients, after receiving chemoradiotherapy, still harbor treatment-resistant residual tumor cells that are akin to colorectal adenoma. We therefore exploited the APCMin adenoma model that allowed us to study the natural and dynamic interaction between CSCs and their microenvironment in vivo following therapeutic stress. We observed that macrophages were directly recruited from blood vessel to the CSC niche in response to chemotherapy, playing a role in protecting and further promoting activation of CSCs. Reduction in the Ly6c-CD11bintCX3CR1+ MHCII+ population of tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) by celecoxib or clodrosome was correlated with a decline in slow-cycling drug-resistant CSCs and tumorigenesis. Molecularly, we found that COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib suppressed Akt and Wnt signaling, downstream of macrophage-dependent PGE2-EP pathway, thus reducing CSC survival and activation. Taken together, in the naturally formed adenoma reflecting human familial adenomatous polyposis, Chemotherapy-induced recruitment of TAMs to the CSC niche protected and promoted activation of surviving CSCs via PGE2-EP mediated Akt-Wnt signaling, leading to tumor regrowth. Targeting the TAMs will benefit clinical treatment of colorectal cancer. Citation Format: Xi He, Paloma I. Giles, Edward H. Lin, Linheng Li. Targeting macrophage that forms a chemotherapy-induced niche significantly reduces cancer stem cells and tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 68.
Diagnostic guidelines for high-resolution melting curve (HRM) analysis: An interlaboratory validation ofBRCA1mutation scanning using the 96-well LightScanner™ (2009)

Genetic analysis of BRCA1 by sequencing is often preceded by a scanning method like denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), protein truncation test (PTT) or DHPLC. High-resolution melting curve (HRM) analysis is a promising and economical method for high-throughput mutation scanning. The EuroGentest network (www.eurogentest.org) aims to assist with the introduction of novel technologies in the diagnostic setting. Therefore, we have performed a thorough and high-standard interlaboratory evaluation and validation of HRM, in collaboration with Idaho Technology, the manufacturer of the LightScanner (LS). Through this detailed study of 170 variants, we have generated guidelines for easy setup and implementation of HRM as a scanning technique for new genes, which are adaptable to the quality system of an individual diagnostic laboratory. This validation study includes the description of a BRCA1-specific mutation screening test using the 96-well LS. This assay comprises 40 amplicons and was evaluated using a statistically significant elaborate panel of variants and control DNA samples. All heterozygous variants were detected. Moreover, genotype analysis for nine common polymorphisms created a fast screening and detection method for these frequently occurring nonpathogenic variants. A blind study using a total of 28 patient-derived DNA samples resulted also in 100% detection and showed an average specificity of 98%, indicating a low incidence of false positives (FPs).
Rendezvous biliary recanalization combining percutaneous and endoscopic techniques using a diathermic dilator for bile duct obstruction (2014)

Severe biliary injuries and strictures are intractable complications of hepatectomy. Endoscopic-radiologic biliary recanalization is a minimally invasive technique in patients undergoing hepatectomy. Here, we present a case of successful percutaneous transhepatic and endoscopic biliary rendezvous recanalization using a diathermic dilator for a benign severe postoperative biliary stricture.
Diagnostic imaging of trabecular bone microstructure for oral implants: a literature review (2013)

Several dental implant studies have reported that radiographic evaluation of bone quality can aid in reducing implant failure. Bone quality is assessed in terms of its quantity, density, trabecular characteristics and cells. Current imaging modalities vary widely in their efficiency in assessing trabecular structures, especially in a clinical setting. Most are very costly, require an extensive scanning procedure coupled with a high radiation dose and are only partially suitable for patient use. This review examines the current literature regarding diagnostic imaging assessment of trabecular microstructure prior to oral implant placement and suggests cone beam CT as a method of choice for evaluating trabecular bone microstructure.
Macrocyclization equilibriums. 2. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMacrocyclization equilibriums. 2. Poly(dimethylsiloxane)U. W. Suter, M. Mutter, and P. J. FloryCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 19, 5740–5745Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00435a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00435a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views145Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Abstract A25: Using clique relaxations to identify highly connected clusters in molecular networks in cancer. (2013)

Abstract Graph theory approaches are now increasingly used to navigate through big data from “omics” applications for delineating signature events in cancer subtypes, identification of new molecular targets and assigning significance of specific mutations. While usual suspects such as p53 and Rb are widely known to all researchers, ability to identify additional, highly relevant, potentially targetable genes implicated in cancer remains of great importance. Identification of cancer signatures and driver mutations turned out to be more challenging/ more complex than we originally thought as frequency of specific mutations can vary significantly leaving some potentially highly relevant (and potentially targetable) events out of the picture. We proposed to identify such targetable genes as parts of large “highly connected” clusters (also known as functional modules) in the corresponding networks. Using our recently developed algorithms, we have been able to exactly identify the largest highly connected cluster in sparse networks with up to several billion nodes. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):A25. Citation Format: Lidia V. Kulemina, Grigory Pastukhov, Alexander Veremyev, Vladimir L. Boginski. Using clique relaxations to identify highly connected clusters in molecular networks in cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2013 Oct 19-23; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):Abstract nr A25.
Contour based image coding (1990)

Illustrates the value of contours of constant intensity in the compression of digital images. Contours have been used for many years in cartography, where a sparse set of smooth connected curves convey a very accurate impression of the landscape. The compression ratios of existing coding techniques appear to have reached a saturation level of about 10:1. It has been suggested, Kunt (1985), that in order to make further significant advances in image coding it will be necessary to adopt radical new approaches in which scene content is explicitly coded. The author suggests the use of contours of constant intensity as the primitives to be extracted both for image coding purposes and image analysis. Images are coded by retaining a set of contours describing the scene content. The images are then reconstructed by interpolating between the contours.
Direct torsion control of flexible shaft in an observer-based discrete-time sliding mode (1998)

This paper presents a new speed control method for a two-mass system coupled by a flexible shaft. Two control loops are proposed; the outer angular speed control loop calculates the reference signal for the inner loop, where the torsion of the shaft is handled as a variable under control. In this paper, the observer-based discrete-time sliding-mode (ODSM) control implementation and experimental verification of direct torsion control is presented. The experimental system consists of a conventional DC servo gear motor with encoder feedback and inertia load coupled by a flexible shaft. The controller was implemented using a transputer as the computation engine.
Targeted Cyber Attacks: Multi-staged Attacks Driven by Exploits and Malware (2014)

Cyber-crime increasingly impacts both the online and offline world, and targeted attacks play a significant role in disrupting services in both. Targeted attacks are those that are aimed at a particular individual, group, or type of site or service. Unlike worms and viruses that usually attack indiscriminately, targeted attacks involve intelligence-gathering and planning to a degree that drastically changes its profile. Individuals, corporations, and even governments are facing new threats from targeted attacks. Targeted Cyber Attacks examines real-world examples of directed attacks and provides insight into what techniques and resources are used to stage these attacks so that you can counter them more effectively. A well-structured introduction into the world of targeted cyber-attacks Includes analysis of real-world attacks Written by cyber-security researchers and experts
eNose breathprints as surrogate biomarkers for classifying asthma patients by atopy (2019)

<b>Introduction:</b> Electronic noses (eNoses) detect mixtures of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath via a set of cross reactive sensors. eNose breathprints have the potential to reveal asthma phenotypes. We aim to reveal diagnostic potential of asthmatics’ breathprints to detect atopy. <b>Methods:</b> Standardized eNose platforms (De Vries ERJ 2018, Brinkman JACI 2018) captured breathprints in 4 independent cohorts; U-BIOPRED adults (n=106), U-BIOPRED pediatrics (n=101), BreathCloud (n=532) and PACMAN2 (n=33). Atopy was defined as positive skin prick test (⩾3mm), positive specific IgE (⩾0.35kU·L<sup>−1</sup>) and/or doctor diagnosed in the absence of the previous. Data analysis involved signal processing and statistics based on sparse partial least square discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA) and ROC curves. <b>Results:</b> A total number of 772 patients were analyzed (mean age: 50.6±14.9, 7.5±4.6, 48.4±18.1, and 11.9±2.3 for the U-BIOPRED adults, U-BIOPRED pediatrics, BreathCloud and PACMAN2 cohorts, respectively). Patients were adequately classified as atopic or not using sPLS-DA in the 4 cohorts (Figure 1), where the AUC-ROC curves ranged between 0.77-0.98 (p &lt;0.01). <b>Conclusion:</b> Exhaled breath analysis by eNose can identify atopy in asthmatics across all ages. This suggests that eNose technology might be a non-invasive and rapid alternative for skin- and specific IgE tests and may therefore be used to direct therapeutic decisions in asthma patients.
SMALL ENGINE OXYGEN DEPLETION SHUTOFF ALGORITHM AND IMPLEMENTATION (2012)

During periods of power loss, gasoline portable generators can be used to provide power to objects such as household appliances and tools which would otherwise be useless. Such generators, however, can pose an immediate health risk and become potentially fatal if not used properly due to their poisonous carbon monoxide (CO) emissions. In an effort to prevent hazardous operating environments and dangerous situations, a previous contract between The University of Alabama (UA) and Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) involved the design of a low CO emissions generator and implementation of an oxygen depletion safety shutdown feature. However, the algorithm developed for generator shutdown was based on a heuristic strategy and possessed several shortcomings in the way of nuisance shutoffs and response time. Another contract between UA and CPSC was initiated for purposes of improving upon the previous safety shutoff algorithm for a Coleman Powermate 7000 generator already modified for low CO emissions. A new shutdown feature was developed based on an oxygen estimation algorithm executed without the use of emissions sensors. The oxygen estimation algorithm was initially derived heuristically, based on test data collected at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) during the previous contract. It was the effort of creating a more reliable oxygen depletion shutdown algorithm across a broad spectrum of real-life operating scenarios from which this thesis resulted. This thesis presents the development, implementation, and testing of the new oxygen estimation based shutdown algorithm with an engine management system (EMS) equipped gasoline powered generator. (Published By University of Alabama Libraries)
An FFT-based novel approach to noninvasive speed measurement in induction motor drives (1992)

A novel sensorless speed detection method based on the fast Fourier transform (FFT) spectral analysis is described. The main concern is the extraction of the speed information contained in the rotor slot-ripple harmonics created in the airgap of the induction motor using digital signal-processing techniques. A nonintrusive all-digital speed detector suitable for steady-state operation has been designed around an Intel/80386-based microcomputer equipped with a 80387 coprocessor. The detector performance with and without load over a wide range of speeds is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Lead Neurotoxicity in Clinically Asymptomatic Children Living in the Vicinity of an Ore Smelter (1981)

(1981). Lead Neurotoxicity in Clinically Asymptomatic Children Living in the Vicinity of an Ore Smelter. Clinical Toxicology: Vol. 18, No. 11, pp. 1257-1267.
Synthesis, purification, storage and isotopic analysis of CT4 on the multicurie scale (1975)

Abstract Multicurie amounts of CT 4 were prepared from T 2 via a twosteps synthesis with an overall yield of ca. 75%. After purification, the radio gas chromatographic analysis of the product revealed only a 0.5% T 2 (or HT) impurity. The isotopic analysis, carried out independently by mass spectrometry and by high‐resolution gas chromatography, showed that, immediately after preparation, tritiated methane aontained over 97.8 mol% CT 4 , with only traces of particular tritiated methanes. However self radiolysis, in particular fast intermolecular H/T scrambling, caused severe storage problems. Even after dilution with a thousand‐fold exaess of CH 4 , radiation‐induced isotopic exahanges led to serious contamination of CT 4 by partially tritiated methanes. A dramatic improvement was obtained, without further dilution of CT 4 , by addition of 1 ‐ 2 mol% NH 3 , which completely suppressed radiolytic H/T scrambling. A preparative gas chromatographic technique was developed, which allows isolation of CT 4 in a state of high radiochemical and isotopic purity.