gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation of Aerobic Microbes from Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae), the Vector of Lyme Disease in the Eastern United States (1998)

The spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi Johnson, Schmid, Hyde, Steigerwalt & Benner is transmitted by Ixodes scapularis Say, a vector of Lyme disease. As a 1st step into investigating the possibility of biocontrol of the tick, we identified the microbiota associated with the ticks. We collected, identified, and determined the sex of ticks from foliage and deer. Seventy-three initial bacterial isolates were recovered from 43 ticks (27 adults and 16 nymphs). The bacteria isolated from nymphs were qualitatively different (mainly gram-negative cocci) from the bacteria isolated from adult ticks (gram-negative and gram-positive rods). To determine long-term viability, these isolates were stored for 6 mo under laboratory conditions. After storage, 63 surviving bacterial isolates were characterized using the Biology System of identification by substrate utilization. Forty-four isolates were identified to the species level. Our characterization efforts focused on the 40 spore-forming bacteria, which could prove useful in the biocontrol of ticks. Eleven species of Bacillus were identified. Bacillus thuringiensis-B. cereus was the predominant species group isolated. Six isolates from this group formed crystals.
EEG-based BCI Systems and IDIAP EEG Database (2003)

After giving an overview of the current BCI systems that use non-invasive techniques, we describe in details the database that has been acquired at IDIAP, under the Brain Machine Interface project.
Formation and salvage of adenosine by macrovascular endothelial cells (1993)

Contribution of extracellular adenine nucleotide degradation to adenosine formation and internal salvage of adenosine via adenosine kinase were quantified in macrovascular porcine endothelial cells. Microcarrier beads covered with endothelial cells were kept in a perfusion column at a flow rate of 2 ml/min. Total adenine nucleotide (AN) release was quantified with a sensitive firefly luciferin-luciferase assay after enzymatic rephosphorylation of AMP and ADP to ATP. Adenosine (ADO) was measured by radioimmunoassay or high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques. Basal AN and ADO release under steady-state conditions were 2.2 and 13.8 pmol.min-1 x ml column volume (CV)-1, respectively. Inhibition of adenosine deaminase with erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine (5 x 10(-6) M) enhanced ADO release by 3.3 pmol.min-1 x ml CV-1, and AN release remained unchanged (2.8 pmol.min-1 x ml CV-1). Inhibition of adenosine kinase by 5-iodotubercidine (10(-5) M) greatly enhanced ADO release by 97.7 pmol.min-1 x ml CV-1, while AN release was unaffected. Inhibition of ecto-5'-nucleotidase by alpha,beta-methylene-ADP (5 x 10(-5) M) enhanced AN release from 2.6 to 8.2 pmol.min-1 x ml CV-1 and reduced ADO release by an equivalent extent. Stimulation of endothelial cells with Ca ionophore A23187 dose dependently augmented AN and ADO release to 2,013.2 and 92.5 pmol.min-1 x ml CV-1, respectively. Thrombin (1 U/ml) enhanced AN release from 5.0 to 8.7 pmol.min-1 x ml CV-1, whereas several other endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilators including acetylcholine, bradykinin, isoproterenol, and norepinephrine were proven to have no significant effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ChemInform Abstract: TRANSFORMATION OF THE ISOFLAVYLIUM CATION INTO 3‐PHENYLCOUMARINS, ISOFLAV‐3‐ENES, AND ISOFLAVANS (1984)

Abstract Aus den Isoflavylium‐Salzen (I) erhält man mit Chromtrioxid die 3‐Phenyl‐cumarine (II).
Investigation into thiol-(meth)acrylate Michael addition reactions using amine and phosphine catalysts (2010)

This work describes a study into thiol–ene based Michael addition reactions. Different catalysts, primary and tertiary amines and phosphines, were investigated for the reaction of a range of thiols with dimers and oligomers of some (meth)acrylates. Primary and tertiary amines are efficient catalysts for the thiol–ene reaction, although these catalysts require several hours to reach high conversion. Moreover, the phosphine catalysts, dimethylphenylphosphine (DMPP) and tris-(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP), were investigated in detail. DMPP is an efficacious catalyst yielding complete conversion in few minutes under optimized conditions. Importantly, the concentration of DMPP should be kept at catalytic levels to avoid the formation of by-products, originating from the addition of DMPP to the vinyl group. Furthermore, TCEP is an efficient catalyst for thiol–ene reactions in aqueous media when the pH of the medium is higher than 8.0 since at acidic pH the formation of by-products is observed.
Modeling of Piston-Cylinder Lubrication with a Flexible Skirt and Cylinder Wall (2000)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper demonstrates the effect of elastic deformation of the cylinder wall on the lubrication between the skirt and cylinder with simulation results of two realistic examples. The simulation methodology is described.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Cylinder flexibility caused substantial changes in slap motion, average and peak wear loads on the skirt, friction, and power losses due to asperity contact and hydrodynamic friction. Cylinder deflection due to side loads was about ten percent of the skirt deflection due to side loads, and deformation due to cylinder gas pressure was substantial.&lt;/div&gt;
A study on 1T Capacitor-less Tunnel FET DRAM Exploiting Ungated Body (2013)

Reference EPFL-CONF-191287 URL: http://www.isdrs2013.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/047_WP803.pdf Record created on 2013-12-16, modified on 2017-05-10
Sexual Differences in Insecticide Susceptibility and Synergism with Piperonyl Butoxide in the Leafminer Parasitoid Diglyphus begini (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) (1992)

Susceptibility of males and females of the Liriomyza leafminer parasitoid Diglyphus begini (Ashmead) to methomyl, oxamyl, fenvalerate, and permethrin was Compared with laboratory bioassays. For each insecticide and five populations tested, males were more susceptible than females. Differences in LC50s between the sexes ranged from 1.3- to 15.7-fold and were greater in resistant Compared with susceptible populations. Tibia length was significantly less for male than female D. begini. Size differences ranged from 1.1- to 1.2-fold. Piperonyl butoxide synergized oxamyl and fenvalerate in males and females, suggesting that oxidative detoxification was important in both sexes. The addition of piperonyl butoxide to oxamyl affected both sexes similarly. The synergistic effect of piperonyl butoxide with fenvalerate was significantly greater for females than males, suggesting greater oxidative detoxification of fenvalerate in females than males.
Quasiclassical size effects for the extraordinary Hall effect in magnetic sandwiches (1998)

A theory for the extraordinary Hall effect is derived for a magnetic sandwich with antiparallel magnetizations. We use the Kubo formalism to calculate the skew-scattering contribution to the Hall resistivity for both the current perpendicular to the plane and current in the plane geometries. Results indicate strong nonlinearities of the size effect as a function of thicknesses.
Approximation and Assessment of Optical Transfer Functions* (1963)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Kazuo Sayanagi, "Approximation and Assessment of Optical Transfer Functions*," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 53, 494-494 (1963) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Rotational level dependent quenching of the A 3Πi, v′=0 state of NH (1989)

Quenching cross sections σQ have been measured for several rotational levels N′ in the A 3∏i, v′=0 state of NH, for a variety of collision partners. Ground state NH was generated in a room temperature discharge flow and excited with a pulsed laser, and the time decay of fluorescence was measured. The radiative lifetime for the levels N′=1 to 5 is 418 ± 8 ns. The σQ’s are generally large, up to 90 Å2, and decrease with increasing N′. This indicates the influence of an anisotropic, attractive interaction in most but not all cases. The present values of σQ are compared with those of other experiments; because σQ depends both on N′ and collision energy, experimental conditions must be carefully specified to yield results which are readily comparable.
Clinical and confocal evaluation of avenanthramides-based daily cleansing and emollient cream in pediatric population affected by atopic dermatitis and xerosis (2019)

Colloidal oatmeal has been shown to safely reduce itching and irritation associated with AD and the severity of dry skin. These benefits, mediated by colloidal oatmeal's natural components, help to restore and maintain skin barrier function. This compound is safe, well tolerated, and can be effective as adjuvant treatment in AD. Moisturizers can reduce the dependency on topical corticosteroids and their potential adverse effects.
Structural properties of amyloid β(1‐40) dimer explored by replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations (2017)

Replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations (300 ns) were used to study the dimerization of amyloid β(1-40) (Aβ(1-40)) polypeptide. Configurational entropy calculations revealed that at physiological temperature (310 K, 37°C) dynamic dimers are formed by randomly docked monomers. Free energy of binding of the two chains to each other was -93.56 ± 6.341 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup> . Prevalence of random coil conformations was found for both chains with the exceptions of increased β-sheet content from residues 16-21 and 29-32 of chain A and residues 15-21 and 30-33 of chain B with β-turn/β-bend conformations in both chains from residues 1-16, 21-29 of chain A, 1-16, and 21-29 of chain B. There is a mixed β-turn/β-sheet region from residues 33-38 of both chains. Analysis of intra- and interchain residue distances shows that, although the individual chains are highly flexible, the dimer system stays in a loosely packed antiparallel β-sheet configuration with contacts between residues 17-21 of chain A with residues 17-21 and 31-36 of chain B as well as residues 31-36 of chain A with residues 17-21 and 31-36 of chain B. Based on dihedral principal component analysis, the antiparallel β-sheet-loop-β-sheet conformational motif is favored for many low energy sampled conformations. Our results show that Aβ(1-40) can form dynamic dimers in aqueous solution that have significant conformational flexibility and are stabilized by collapse of the central and C-terminal hydrophobic cores with the expected β-sheet-loop-β-sheet conformational motif. Proteins 2017; 85:1024-1045. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nutritional supplements, COX-2 and IGF-1 expression in men on active surveillance for prostate cancer (2010)

Compared to placebo, 3-month intervention with lycopene or fish oil did not significantly change IGF-1 and COX-2 gene expression in the normal prostate microenvironment in men with low-burden prostate cancer. Further analysis of global gene expression profiles may shed light on the bioactivity and relevance of these nutrients in prostate cancer.
Size-dependent cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles in human lung cells: the role of cellular uptake, agglomeration and Ag release (2014)

This study shows that small AgNPs (10 nm) are cytotoxic for human lung cells and that the toxicity observed is associated with the rate of intracellular Ag release, a 'Trojan horse' effect.
DNA in situ sensitivity to denaturation: a new parameter for flow cytometry of normal human colonic epithelium and colon carcinoma. (1987)

Modal DNA (ploidy) and sensitivity of DNA in situ to denaturation by acid have been analyzed by flow cytometry of 10 colorectal adenomas and 35 adenocarcinomas; 39 normal mucosa samples served as controls. A new method was developed to denature DNA in chromatin of the freshly isolated, intact, and unfixed individual cell nuclei from surgically resected material. The sensitivity of DNA denaturation (T alpha) was assayed by metachromatic staining with acridine orange and calculated as a ratio of the alpha t index of the tumor sample to the alpha t index of normal mucosa; the alpha t index is that fraction of DNA, following treatment at pH 1.4, that stains metachromatically with acridine orange at pH 2.6. All adenomas were diploid and in nine of 10 the T alpha value was close to 1.00, indicating no difference from control specimens in DNA sensitivity to denaturation. Forty-nine% of adenocarcinomas were aneuploid. Forty-six% of adenocarcinomas differed from normal in sensitivity of DNA to denaturation; the T alpha value was lower than 0.90 indicating that chromatin of the tumor cells was more resistant to denaturation than control cells. There was no correlation between sensitivity to denaturation of DNA and incidence of aneuploidy. However, there was a correlation between T alpha and the pathologically determined stage of disease. There was increased resistance to denaturation in 58% of tumors classified as Dukes' C/D stage, in 36% of tumors classified as Dukes' B, and in 20% classified as Dukes' A stage of the disease. Statistical analysis of these results revealed significant differences between distributions of T alpha in noninvasive (Adenomas and Dukes' A) versus invasive (Dukes' B and C/D) tumors with level of significance at P = 0.02. The data suggest that acid denaturation of DNA in situ may be a valuable adjunct in assessing the biology of colon cancer. The molecular basis for this phenomenon is discussed.
Therapy for Nb rat tumor transplanted in athymic mice (1981)

Two Nb rat prostatic adenocarcinomas, 13 Pr-12, an autonomous tumor, and 2 Pr-128, an androgen-dependent tumor, were transplanted into groups of congenitally athymic nude mice. The agents used for treatment of these tumors are agents characteristically not used in treatment of prostatic adenocarcinoma in humans. However, these have been efficacious in treating other solid malignancies. Both agents, BCNU and Actinomycin-D, were efficacious in producing tumor regression and in causing at least a temporary decrease in tumor growth. The combination of the Nb rat prostatic adenocarcinoma model and nude mouse is presented as an appropriate system to screen therapeutic agents that have proved efficacious in treatment of other solid malignancies but have not been used in treating prostatic adenocarcinoma.
Editorial (2005)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes 1. Financial support from the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
/*icomment (2007)

Commenting source code has long been a common practice in software development. Compared to source code, comments are more direct, descriptive and easy-to-understand. Comments and sourcecode provide relatively redundant and independent information regarding a program's semantic behavior. As software evolves, they can easily grow out-of-sync, indicating two problems: (1) bugs -the source code does not follow the assumptions and requirements specified by correct program comments; (2) bad comments - comments that are inconsistent with correct code, which can confuse and mislead programmers to introduce bugs in subsequent versions. Unfortunately, as most comments are written in natural language, no solution has been proposed to automatically analyze commentsand detect inconsistencies between comments and source code. This paper takes the first step in automatically analyzing commentswritten in natural language to extract implicit program rulesand use these rules to automatically detect inconsistencies between comments and source code, indicating either bugs or bad comments. Our solution, iComment, combines Natural Language Processing(NLP), Machine Learning, Statistics and Program Analysis techniques to achieve these goals. We evaluate iComment on four large code bases: Linux, Mozilla, Wine and Apache. Our experimental results show that iComment automatically extracts 1832 rules from comments with 90.8-100% accuracy and detects 60 comment-code inconsistencies, 33 newbugs and 27 bad comments, in the latest versions of the four programs. Nineteen of them (12 bugs and 7 bad comments) have already been confirmed by the corresponding developers while the others are currently being analyzed by the developers.
Empirical Examination of Relationship Between Firm Location and Transportation Facilities (2001)

The locations and profiles of firms in the six-county Chicago, Illinois, region were used to compare the businesses’ proximities to freeway ramps and transit stations for two time periods: 1981 and 1999. A series of regression models was constructed to assess whether the location patterns with respect to transportation facilities have changed over the last two decades. The data suggest that, controlling for exogenous factors, businesses have moved closer to freeway ramps in the last two decades. Meanwhile, the distance to transit stations has not changed except in the city of Chicago, where it has decreased. These findings suggest shifts in location choice behaviors in the urban core and the suburbs. Specifically, firms in the urban core areas are valuing access to rail stations to a greater degree, whereas those in the suburbs are placing more importance on proximity to freeway ramps. The concentration of businesses near expressway ramps in the inner and middle suburbs suggests the emergence of a pattern in those areas that corresponds to a polycentric development, with freeway ramps as the focal points. Finally, the findings indicate a shift, not a decrease, in the importance of transportation access for business location choice.
Peptide profiling of Internet‐obtained Cerebrolysin using high performance liquid chromatography – electrospray ionization ion trap and ultra high performance liquid chromatography – ion mobility – quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (2015)

Cerebrolysin, a parenteral peptide preparation produced by controlled digestion of porcine brain proteins, is an approved nootropic medicine in some countries. However, it is also easily and globally available on the Internet. Nevertheless, until now, its exact chemical composition was unknown. Using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to ion trap and ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to quadrupole-ion mobility-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Q-IM-TOF MS), combined with UniProt pig protein database search and PEAKS de novo sequencing, we identified 638 unique peptides in an Internet-obtained Cerebrolysin sample. The main components in this sample originate from tubulin alpha- and beta-chain, actin, and myelin basic protein. No fragments of known neurotrophic factors like glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), neurotrophin nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) were found, suggesting that the activities reported in the literature are likely the result of new, hitherto unknown cryptic peptides with nootropic properties.
Maximal care considerations when treating patients with end-stage heart failure: ethical and procedural quandaries in management of the very sick (2010)

Deciding who should receive maximal technological treatment options and who should not represents an ethical, moral, psychological and medico-legal challenge for health care providers. Especially in patients with chronic heart failure, the ethical and medico-legal issues associated with providing maximal possible care or withholding the same are coming to the forefront. Procedures, such as cardiac transplantation, have strict criteria for adequate candidacy. These criteria for subsequent listing are based on clinical outcome data but also reflect the reality of organ shortage. Lack of compliance and non-adherence to lifestyle changes represent relative contraindications to heart transplant candidacy. Mechanical circulatory support therapy using ventricular assist devices is becoming a more prominent therapeutic option for patients with end-stage heart failure who are not candidates for transplantation, which also requires strict criteria to enable beneficial outcome for the patient. Physicians need to critically reflect that in many cases, the patient's best interest might not always mean pursuing maximal technological options available. This article reflects on the multitude of critical issues that health care providers have to face while caring for patients with end-stage heart failure.
Epibatidine Alkaloid Chemistry: 5. Domino-Heck Reactions of Azabicyclic and Tricyclic Systems (2006)

Palladium-catalyzed hydroarylations and additional domino reactions of aza-bicyclic and tricyclic norbornene derivatives were investigated and a series of new epibatidine analogues were synthesized.
The Control Strategy for a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Hybrid System (2009)

Based on mathematical modelling and numerical simulations, the control strategy for a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Hybrid System (SOFC-HS) is presented. Adequate maps of performances with three independent parameters are shown. These independent parameters are as follows: stack current, fuel mass flow and turbine-compressor shaft speed. To control external load, those parameters should be appropriately chosen. The control system is purposed to meet many constraints: e.g. stack temperature, steam-to-carbon ratio, compressor surge limitation etc. The aim is to achieve maximum efficiency of power generated within those constraints. Governing equations of SOFC-HS modelling are given. An adequate simulator for the SOFC module was produced and described. Based on this simulator, the control strategy was obtained. The performance of this SOFC-HS is shown in various working environments.
Electron Beam Irradiation as a General Approach for the Rapid Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks under Ambient Conditions (2020)

Crystalline porous materials such as covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are advanced materials to tackle challenges of catalysis and separation in industrial processes. Their synthetic routes often require elevated temperatures, closed systems with high pressure, and long reaction times, hampering their industrial applications. Here we use a traditionally unperceived strategy to assemble highly crystalline COFs by electron beam irradiation with controlled received dosage, contrasting sharply with the previous observation that radiation damages the crystallinity of solids. Such synthesis by electron beam irradiation can be achieved under ambient conditions within minutes, and the process is amendable for large-scale production. The intense and targeted energy input to the reactants leads to new reaction pathways that favor COF formation in nearly quantitative yield. This strategy is applicable not only to known COFs but also to new series of flexible COFs that are difficult to obtain using traditional methods.
Potential role of protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 13 in the control of oocyte meiotic maturation (2004)

Protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 13 (PTPN13) is a tyrosine phosphatase with multiple interacting domains that has been implicated previously in the regulation of apoptosis. We provide evidence that PTPN13 plays an important role in the control of the meiotic cell cycle. A cDNA coding for PTPN13 was isolated during the screening for the substrate of protein kinase A expressed in mammalian oocytes. PTPN13 is expressed in both mouse and Xenopus oocytes and is a substrate for protein kinase A in vitro and in vivo. Expression of a truncated constitutively-active PTPN13 in Xenopus oocytes synergizes with progesterone in the induction of germinal vesicle breakdown, the translation of Mos, the phosphorylation of Erk and the dephosphorylation of Cdc2. The phosphatase activity of PTPN13 is required for this synergism. Oocyte injection with specific small interference RNA downregulates the expression of mRNA for PTPN13 and blocks oocyte maturation induced by progesterone, a blockade that can be overcome by Cdc25 overexpression. These findings indicate that PTPN13 is involved in the regulation of the meiotic cell cycle.