gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glyphosate catabolism by Pseudomonas sp. strain PG2982 (1986)

The pathway for the degradation of glyphosate (N-phosphonomethylglycine) by Pseudomonas sp. PG2982 has been determined by using metabolic radiolabeling experiments. Radiorespirometry experiments utilizing [3-14C]glyphosate revealed that approximately 50 to 59% of the C-3 carbon was oxidized to CO2. Fractionation of stationary-phase cells labeled with [3-14C]glyphosate revealed that from 45 to 47% of the assimilated label is distributed to proteins and that the amino acids methionine and serine are highly labeled. Adenine and guanine received 90% of the C-3 label found in the nucleic acid fraction, and the only pyrimidine base labeled was thymine. These results indicated that C-3 of glyphosate was at some point metabolized to a C-1 compound whose ultimate fate could be both oxidation to CO2 and distribution to amino acids and nucleic acid bases that receive a C-1 group from the C-1-donating coenzyme tetrahydrofolate. Pulse-labeling of PG2982 cells with [3-14C]glyphosate resulted in the isolation of [3-14C]sarcosine as an intermediate in glyphosate degradation. Examination of crude extracts prepared from PG2982 cells revealed the presence of a sarcosine-oxidizing enzyme that oxidizes sarcosine to glycine and formaldehyde. These results indicate that the first step in glyphosate degradation by PG2982 is cleavage of the carbon-phosphorus bond, resulting in the release of sarcosine and a phosphate group. The phosphate group is utilized as a source of phosphorus, and the sarcosine is degraded to glycine and formaldehyde. This pathway is supported by the results of [1,2-14C]glyphosate metabolism studies, which show that radioactivity in the proteins of labeled cells is found only in the glycine and serine residues.
Polydiacetylene Nanofiber Composites as a Colorimetric Sensor Responding To Escherichia coli and pH (2017)

Polydiacetylenes (PDAs) are conjugative polymers that demonstrate color changes as a response to an external stimulus. In this study, 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid (PCDA) was mixed with a supporting polymer including poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and polyurethane (PU), and the mixture solution was electrospun to construct fiber composites. The electrospun fibers were then photopolymerized using UV irradiation to produce PEO-PDA and PU-PDA nanofiber mats with a fiber diameter ranging from 130 nm to 2.5 μm. The morphologies of both PEO-PDA and PU-PDA nanofibers were dependent on electrospinning parameters such as the ratio of PCDA to PEO or PCDA to PU and the total polymer concentrations. Scanning electron microscopy images showed beaded fibers of PEO-PDA and PU-PDA at 2 and 18 w/v % concentrations, respectively. Smooth fibers were found when the solvent concentration was increased to 3.75 w/v % in PEO-PDA and 25 w/v % in PU-PDA fibers. Both PEO-PDA and PU-PDA nanofiber composites demonstrated excellent colorimetric responses to the presence of <i>Escherichia coli</i> ATCC25922 bacterial cells and the changes in pH as external stimuli. The nanofibers underwent a rapid colorimetric response when exposed directly to <i>E. coli</i> ATCC25922 grown on Luria-Bertani agar. The comparison between the PEO-PDA and PU-PDA suggested that the combination of PEO and PDA is favorable because it provides a sensitive response to the presence of <i>E. coli</i>. The results were compared with samples of a PDA polymer in the absence of a matrix polymer. The colorimetric response was similar when the PDA polymer and the PDA nanofiber composites were exposed to pH changes, and the color change was found to occur at pH 10 and enhanced at pH 11-13. The PDA-containing nanofiber composites showed stronger colorimetric responses than those of the PDA polymer only, suggesting their potential as biosensors and chemosensors.
Potential Benefits of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles for Consumers and Electric Power Utilities (2011)

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have the potential of substantially reducing petroleum consumption and vehicular CO2 emissions relative to conventional vehicles. The analysis presented in this article first ascertains the cost-effectiveness of PHEVs from the perspective of the consumer. Then, the potential effects of PHEVs to an electric utility are evaluated by analyzing a simplified hypothetical example. When evaluating the cost-effectiveness of a PHEV, the additional required premium is an important financial parameter to the consumer. An acceptable amount for the additional upfront costs will depend on the future costs of gasoline and the on-board battery pack. The need to replace the on-board battery pack during the assumed vehicle lifetime also affects the allowed premium. A simplified unit commitment and dispatch model was used to determine the costs of energy and the CO2 emissions associated with PHEVs for different charging scenarios. The results show that electricity can be used to charge PHEVs during off-peak hours without an increase in peak demand. In addition, the combined CO2 emissions from the vehicles and the electric generation facilities will be reduced, regardless of the charging strategy.
Metallic photonic bandgap propagation mode characterization (2001)

For antennas located inside photonic bandgap (PBG) materials, the coupling between the propagation modes inside the structure and the free-space modes is an important parameter in order to obtain good overall efficiency. In order to optimize the design of PBG, tools must be developed. These tools must also enable the study of defect modes as they offer the possibility to shape the beam radiated by the antenna. A numerical method based on the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method and the Fourier transform has been previously used with success by others authors to visualize propagation modes in the reciprocal space for dielectric PBG materials. In this paper, we apply this method to metallic photonic bandgap (MPBG) materials to characterize modes. We show that the MPBG minimizes the radiated field in undesired directions. Different structures are considered either with or without defects. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 28: 434–440, 2001.
Artificial microRNA-derived resistance to Cassava brown streak disease (2016)

Artificial miRNAs (amiRNA) were generated targeting conserved sequences within the genomes of the two causal agents of Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD): Cassava brown streak virus (CBSV) and Ugandan cassava brown streak virus (UCBSV). Transient expression studies on ten amiRNAs targeting 21nt conserved sequences of P1(CBSV and UCBSV), P3(CBSV and UCBSV), CI(UCBSV), NIb(CBSV and UCBSV), CP(UCBSV) and the un-translated region (3'-UTR) were tested in Nicotiana benthamiana. Four out of the ten amiRNAs expressed the corresponding amiRNA at high levels. Transgenic N. benthamiana plants were developed for the four amiRNAs targeting the P1 and NIb genes of CBSV and the P1 and CP genes of UCBSV and shown to accumulate miRNA products. Transgenic plants challenged with CBSV and UCBSV isolates showed resistance levels that ranged between ∼20-60% against CBSV and UCBSV and correlated with expression levels of the transgenically derived miRNAs. MicroRNAs targeting P1 and NIb of CBSV showed protection against CBSV and UCBSV, while amiRNAs targeting the P1 and CP of UCBSV showed protection against UCBSV but were less efficient against CBSV. These results indicate a potential application of amiRNAs for engineering resistance to CBSD-causing viruses in cassava.
Total Neutron Cross Section of 232U (1967)

The total neutron cross section of 232U has been measured from 0.01 to 10 000 eV using the Materials Testing Reactor (MTR) fast chopper. A 2200 m/sec total neutron cross section of 163 ± 10 b was determined. Multilevel parameters are listed for resonances below 30 eV. Results of the analysis indicate that two fission channels are needed to describe the experimental data.
How Pediatric Hematologic and Oncologic Patients Experienced Virtual Learning During COVID-19: Importance of Amplifying the Family Voice for Informing Future Recommendations (2020)

Background: With medical advancements in the detection and treatment of pediatric oncologic and hematologic disorders, survival and life expectancy rates continue to improve. However, the treatments themselves have been linked to long-term cognitive issues (e.g., attention, working memory, and executive functioning). These difficulties have particular salience to academic achievement and often necessitate educational accommodations to support learning. However, these plans are designed for the traditional school environment and may be insufficient for virtual learning. The purpose of this study is to investigate the perceived impact of COVID-19 in the context of virtual learning for children with hematologic or oncologic disorders to inform the development of appropriate recommendations for patients and schools this fall. Methods: Qualitative interviews assessing academic accommodations and COVID-19 adjustments to virtual learning were conducted separately with participants and their guardians by phone. Medical histories were obtained via electronic health record. Results: Thirty children (Mage=12.8 years, SD=1.4 years) with status post cancer treatment (n=17), sickle cell disease (n=11), or neurofibromatosis type 1 (n=2), with an IEP (n=15) or 504-plan (n=15) in place prior to COVID-19. During virtual learning, children reported a lack of interaction with teachers or other resource help. Guardians felt pressured to assist with schoolwork without sufficient support or qualifications. Anecdotally, families still expressed gratitude to their schools and teachers, revealing overall low expectations for virtual learning. Potential Impact: This pediatric population faces unique education challenges, specific to neurocognitive impairment secondary to their chronic health conditions. Unsurprisingly, families perceived that their educational needs were not met during virtual learning related to COVID-19. To prevent the cascading effect of insufficiently addressed academic needs, the inclusion of family’s perceived experiences is critical for informing individual recommendations and the Indiana Department of Education broadly during the transition back to school this fall, both in the physical and virtual classrooms.
Performance analysis of SNR degradation by IS-95 filter in CDMA1xEV-DV system (2004)

By design, IS-95 filter generates remaining ICI (interchip interference) after matched filtering in the receiver side. To keep the backward compatibility, IS-95 filter is recommended as a chip waveform shaping filter in all sequels of international standard from the 3GPP2. The performance degradation by the filter was not significant in a conventional QPSK modulation scheme but not negligible in the recently proposed system where multi-level modulation scheme is adopted. In this paper, we investigate the performance degradation caused by the ICI of the IS-95 filter and propose MMSE receiver filter to compensate for the performance loss. We apply the proposed receiver to CDMA1xEV-DV system where multi-level modulation is used.
Effect of Photon Counting Shot Noise on Total Internal Reflection Microscopy (2021)

Total internal reflection microscopy (TIRM) measures changes in the distance between a colloidal particle and a transparent substrate by measuring the intensity of light scattered by the particle when it is illuminated by the evanescent field that is created from light totally internally reflected at the substrate interface. From these measurements, the height-dependent effective potential $φ(z)$ between the colloidal particle and the substrate can be measured. The spatial resolution with which TIRM can resolve the height $z$ and effective potential $φ(z)$ is limited by the intrinsic shot noise of the photon counting process used to measure the scattered light intensity. We develop a model to determine the spatial resolution with which TIRM can measure $φ(z)$ and verify its validity with simulations and experiments. We further establish the critical role of photon-counting statistics and the intensity integration time $τ$ in TIRM measurements, which is a trade-off between narrowing the width of the photon counting distribution and capturing the instantaneous position of the probe particle.
Candidaacid proteinases (1992)

Journal Article Candida acid proteinases Get access R. Rüchel, R. Rüchel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar F. De Bernardis, F. De Bernardis Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T.L. Ray, T.L. Ray Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P.A. Sullivan, P.A. Sullivan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G.T. Cole G.T. Cole Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology, Volume 30, Issue Supplement_1, January 1992, Pages 123–132, https://doi.org/10.1080/02681219280000821 Published: 01 January 1992
Laser Cooling and Trapping of Calcium and Strontium (1990)

Calcium and strontium atomic beams are cooled and trapped by using the 1 S 0 - 1 P 1 transition in the 400 nm region. The trapping of 8 isotopes, 40 Ca, 42 Ca, 43 Ca, 44 Ca, 84 Sr, 86 Sr, 87 Sr and 88 Sr, is observed. The decay rate of the trapped atom is found to be of the order of 10 ms and the average atomic velocity less than 1 m/s.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Hormonal Regulation of Semaphorin 7a in ER<sup>+</sup> Breast Cancer Drives Therapeutic Resistance (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Generation of fulvestrant resistant cells and gating strategy for flow cytometry analysis&lt;/p&gt;
Automated construction of physical equivalent circuits for inductive components (2013)

Physical equivalent circuits are very useful for characterization of electrical components, because they allow fast and straightforward analysis of the electromagnetic properties. However, no general method for the construction of physical equivalent electrical circuits for complex 3D components exists. Based on earlier work, we present a method for the construction of physical equivalent circuits based on 3D electromagnetic field simulations. We apply the method to a coil and a transformer, both with magnetic core. We compare the circuit representations with 3D computations, and discuss further insight that can be achieved by the method.
M proteins of group G streptococci isolated from bacteremic human infections (1987)

We studied seven strains of group G streptococci isolated from clinically severe bacteremic infections in six intravenous drug abusers. These group G strains multiplied luxuriantly in fresh human blood. On electron microscopy, they exhibited surface fibrillae similar to those observed in M-protein-rich group A streptococci, but they were not serologically M typable with a battery of 39 M antisera. Rabbit antisera raised against two of the group G strains (1618 and 1750) opsonized the homologous but not the heterologous isolates and exhibited type-specific Ouchterlony immunoprecipitin reactions. Moreover, antisera raised against peptic extracts of strain 1750 also promoted phagocytic killing of that strain. Anti-1750 reacted in high titer in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay against peptic extracts of the homologous strain; these antibodies were removed by absorption with 1750 cells but not by absorption with heterologous strains. These studies represent, to our knowledge, the first analysis of virulence factors of group G streptococci isolated from invasive human disease. The seven epidemiologically related blood isolates of group G streptococci possess distinct type-specific, antiphagocytic surface virulence factors analogous to the M proteins of group A streptococci.
Radio and Far‐Infrared Emission as Tracers of Star Formation and Active Galactic Nuclei in Nearby Cluster Galaxies (2004)

We have studied the radio and far-infrared (FIR) emission from 114 galaxies in the seven nearest clusters (&lt;100 Mpc) with prominent X-ray emission to investigate the impact of the cluster environment on the star formation and active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity in the member galaxies. The X-ray selection criterion is adopted to focus on the most massive and dynamically relaxed clusters. A large majority of cluster galaxies show an excess in radio emission over that predicted from the radio-FIR correlation, the fraction of sources with radio excess increases toward cluster cores, and the radial gradient in the FIR/radio flux ratio is a result of radio enhancement. Of the radio-excess sources, 70% are early-type galaxies, and the same fraction host an AGN. The galaxy density drops by a factor of 10 from the composite cluster center out to 1.5 Mpc, yet galaxies show no change in FIR properties over this region and show no indication of mass segregation. We have examined in detail the physical mechanisms that might impact the FIR and radio emission of cluster galaxies. While collisional heating of dust may be important for galaxies in cluster centers, it appears to have a negligible effect on the observed FIR emission for our sample galaxies. The correlations between radio and FIR luminosity and radius could be explained by magnetic compression from thermal intracluster medium pressure. We also find that simple delayed harassment cannot fully account for the observed radio, FIR, and mid-IR properties of cluster galaxies.
Structure and Synthesis of SSZ‐63: Toward an Ordered Form of Zeolite Beta. (2006)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Ultrasound of the lung (2011)

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Regulation of DNA Polymerase Exonucleolytic Proofreading Activity: Studies of Bacteriophage T4 “Antimutator” DNA Polymerases (1998)

DNA polymerases replicate DNA with high fidelity because of accurate nucleotide incorporation coupled with exonucleolytic proofreading to remove misincorporated nucleotides. This statement is taken for granted today, in large part, because of groundbreaking discoveries made 30 years ago that
Effects of Ramipril on Coronary Events in High-Risk Persons (2001)

In this high-risk cohort, ramipril reduced the risk of MI, worsening and new angina, and the occurrence of coronary revascularizations.
Evaluation of a Phenotypic MicroArray (BIOLOG) for characterisation of bovine reproductive Campylobacter fetus subspecies and other Campylobacter-like isolates by comparison with standard phenotypic, PCR and 16S rDNA sequencing (2011)

Distinguishing between Campylobacter fetus subsp venerealis (Cfv) and its close relative Campylobacter fetus subsp fetus (Cff) is essential due to differences in disease aetiology, epidemiology and clinical significance. It is advisable that all Campylobacter-like organisms isolated from the bovine prepuce be identified. Recent reports indicate that reliance on PCR alone can lead to false-negative and -positive results. Due to variance, glycine intolerance to screen for Cfv is unreliable. H2S production for differentiation of Cfv biovars intermedius (Cfvi) and venerealis (Cfvv) is insensitive. The need to uncover reliable unique assays for differentiation is clear. The BIOLOG PM is a user-friendly and powerful tool providing vast quantities of phenotypic data for identifying additional biochemical assays, expanding phenotypic characterisation and improving growth, transport and enrichment procedures.
Chapter 11. Combined LNT–SCR Catalysts for NOx Reduction from Lean Exhaust Gas (2018)

This chapter gives an overview on the combined lean NOx trap (LNT) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts. In particular, the focus is on the reaction pathways involved in such systems when different reducing agents are being used to accomplish the rich phase in the LNT system. In combined LNT–SCR systems, NH3 emitted from the LNT catalyst during the rich phase is captured onto a SCR catalyst placed downstream the LNT brick. The stored ammonia is then used as reactant in the SCR catalyst upon reaction with NO slipped from the LNT catalyst during the lean phase. This increases the NOx removal efficiency and reduces the emissions of unwanted ammonia. When using hydrocarbons as reducing agents, a non-NH3 SCR reaction pathway is also operating: in fact, HCs slipped through the LNT catalyst react with NO over the SCR catalyst, thus contributing to the overall NOx abatement. The overall system efficiency depends on several factors including the catalyst formulation (LNT and SCR), the operating conditions and the reducing agents used during the rich phase. In addition, the system architecture (dual layer vs dual bed) plays a role in determining the system efficiency.
Photoinhibition of 2-Amino-2-carboxybicyclo[2,2,1]heptane Transport by O-Diazoacetyl-L-serine (1989)

Neutral amino acid uptake into mammalian cells occurs predominantly through the L, A, and ASC carrier-mediated transport systems. The proteins responsible for transport by these systems have not been isolated, and the three pathways presently are defined by their amino acid specificity and physiologic parameters. We have found that the amino acid derivative, O-diazoacetyl-L-serine (azaserine), is a potentially useful probe for identification of the L-(leucine-favoring) system transporter in human T-lymphocytes. Uptake of azaserine competitively inhibits the uptake of the prototype L-system amino acid, 2-amino-2-carboxybicycloheptane (BCH). Azaserine undergoes photolytic cleavage with 365 nm incident light to yield a highly reactive carbene intermediate and free N2. Following photolysis of [14C]azaserine in a suspension of lymphocytes, the 14C label is detectable within a crude cytoplasmic membrane preparation, and this process is inhibited by a 50-fold excess of unlabeled azaserine or 2-amino-2-carboxybicycloheptane, suggesting that the 14C-product is associated with the membranes at or near the L-system transport site. Furthermore, photolysis of azaserine in the presence of lymphocytes results in specific irreversible inhibition of L-system transport. Thus, photolysis of azaserine provides an initial step toward the identification of the L-system transporter.
Thin-Film Single-Crystal Schottky Diodes for IR Detection and Beyond (2016)

Thin-film p-type Co-Si and n-type Cr-Si Schottky diodes have been fabricated, in which a thin silicon layer is sandwiched between the anode and the cathode of the diodes, in a vertical configuration. The thicknesses of the silicon are 70 and 40 nm, for Co-Si and Cr-Si diodes, respectively. The thin layer significantly reduces the series resistance and the vertical structure reduces the parasitic capacitances in the diode, resulting in a high cutoff frequency, 100 and 54 THz, for the Co-Si and Cr-Si diodes, respectively. The dc current-voltage measurements show that the ideality factor is ~ 1.25 . The small ideality factor is attributed to the use of crystalline silicon, enabled by the transfer method. This leads to a relatively high theoretical estimation of responsivity of the diodes in nonlinear detection/rectification. The high cutoff frequency and high responsivity make these diodes a suitable candidate for terahertz (THz) detection, in the range of infrared (IR) and beyond. Our fabrication method and device structure allow for a better integration of Schottky diodes with a strip antenna, which provides a better mechanical stability for practical THz and IR applications.
177Lutetium SPECT/CT: Evaluation of collimator, photopeak and scatter correction (2020)

<sup>177</sup> Lu SPECT/CT image quality and quantification was most optimal when acquired with the MELP collimator and reconstructed using the 208-keV photopeak, with AC and SC.