gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glucocorticoids Disturb Skin Barrier Function via Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptor As Well As Glucocorticoid Receptor (2018)

Introduction: Glucocorticoids (GC) deteriorates skin barrier as well as wound healing. In skin where 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 which prevents GC from binding to mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is deficient, GC can bind to MR as well as GC receptor (GR). MR has been reported implicated in GC-induced delayed wound healing and epidermal atrophy.
Objective: To test whether GC binds to MR and contributes to skin barrier dysfunction and thus MR antagonism can prevent GC-induced skin barrier dysfunction.
Material and Methods: To elucidated MR expression in epithelial cells, Western blot (WB) and immunofluorescence (IF) stain were performed using human oral mucosa and foreskin. In healthy young adults (n=6), skin barrier function was measured after application of topical corticosteroid either with 5% spironolactone (MR antagonist) cream or vehicle on each forearm. Normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) were treated with cortisol and the expression and intracellular localization of GR and MR were examined by WB and IF. To investigate the roles of GR and MR, after treating cortisol and mifepristone (GR antagonist) or eplerenone (MR antagonist) to NHEKs, keratinocyte differentiation markers were evaluated.
Results: MR expression was observed in oral epithelial cells and epidermal keratinocytes by WB and IF stain. In the topically corticosteroid treated skin, co-treatment of topical MR antagonist improved stratum corneum integrity (p=0.08) and barrier recovery rate (p=0.12) compared to vehicle albeit without statistical significance. In NHEKs, protein expression of GR but not MR was decreased by cortisol. In contrast, cortisol induced the nuclear localization of both GR and MR, which were inhibited by mifepristone and eplerenone, respectively. Cortisol decreased the expression of keratinocyte differentiation markers, which was recovered by eplerenone.
Conclusion: GC binds to MR as well as GR and contributes to skin barrier dysfunction. Therefore, MR antagonist as well as GR antagonist might prevent GC-induced skin barrier dysfunction.
[Lucilia sericata infestation of the skin openings for the bone traction device in lengthening of the tibia: apropos of a case]. (1991)

Fly larvae are responsible for animal disease well known by veterinarians. However, their finding in humans in nontropical countries is a rarity. Recently, we have found several larvae of Lucilia sericata in an achondroplastic child during the phase of lengthening of both tibiae with osteotax. We think that the myasis diagnosed in our patient is the first such case reported in the literature. For the time being, it should be considered a fortuitous finding and not as a complication of surgery.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Conjugated Linoleic Acid. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Croton fl uviatilis (Euphorbiaceae), a new species from Thailand (2010)

A new species of Croton (Euphorbiaceae), C. fl uviatilis, is proposed. It is a rheophyte, only known from stream banks in few places in eastern Thailand. It can be distinguished by its linear leaf blades and the subglabrous leaves, fl owers and fruits which bear only a few lepidote hairs.
Prove sperimentali monotone e cicliche su pareti realizzate con un sistema costruttivo ibrido in legno - calcestruzzo (2011)

Proposition of this work is the investigation of the structural behavior of a newly developed timber construction system. It is a modular prefabricated system which combines a typical Platform Frame system with an external small thickness concrete slabs having the function of diaphragm against the horizontal actions and also thermal ad acoustic functions. Walls are formed by in situ connection of the single modules preassembled in the factory, with considerable advantages from the point of view of the site management. The structural design is similar to that of the Platform Frame, where the bracing stiffness and strength assured by nailing the OSB panels to the wooden structure cumulates with that given by the concrete slabs screwed to the vertical structure with large diameter connectors. The use of large diameter connectors assure to the investigated system a considerable stiffness and in the meantime a great capacity of energy dissipation in case of seismic events. In order to verify the real performance of the construction system under seismic actions several monotonic and cyclic tests on single panel modules and on an assembled walls was carried out. Such tests were carried out in accordance with the testing protocols specified in EN 12512. Various configurations of connection to the footing beam and between timber and concrete slab were tested. In this work the results of the experimental tests are reported and the good seismic performance of the structural system has been proved. The analytical expressions that best fit the experimental monotonic load displacement curve are reported and the comparison of the measured results with that calculated according with the national and international codes are given.
Compressive strength of implanted porous replamineform hydroxyapatite (1984)

Porous replamineform hydroxyapatite is a nontoxic, nonallergenic synthetic ceramic currently under investigation as an implant for restoration of atrophic edentulous ridges. Previous studies have demonstrated its capacity to permit the ingrowth of bone into its pores. Evaluation of the material was carried out to determine its eventual compressive strength following implantation. Bony penetration results in a significant increase in strength, judged to be sufficient for support of dentures.
Zn2+-dependent DNAzymes that cleave all combinations of ribonucleotides (2021)

Although several DNAzymes are known, their utility is limited by a narrow range of substrate specificity. Here, we report the isolation of two zinc-dependent DNAzymes, ZincDz1 and ZincDz2, which exhibit compact catalytic core sequences with highly versatile hydrolysis activity. They were selected through in vitro selection followed by deep sequencing analysis. Despite their sequence similarity, each DNAzyme showed different Zn<sup>2+</sup>-concentration and pH-dependent reaction profiles, and cleaved the target RNA sequences at different sites. Using various substrate RNA sequences, we found that the cleavage sequence specificity of ZincDz2 and its highly active mutant ZincDz2-v2 to be 5'-rN↓rNrPu-3'. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the designed ZincDz2 could cut microRNA miR-155 at three different sites. These DNAzymes could be useful in a broad range of applications in the fields of medicine and biotechnology.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND CRYSTAL CHEMISTRY OF LITHIUM THIOANTIMONATE (III) (LI3XSB6‐XS9) (X = 0.33) (1981)

Abstract Die durch Erhitzen eines Li,S‐Sb2S3‐Gemischs für 48 h auf 480°C dargestellte neue Phase kristallisiert in der Raumgruppe Pl mit Z=1.
Acoustic field mapping on GaAs using microscopic reflectance and reflectance anisotropy (1999)

The mapping of surface acoustic wave (SAW) fields by means of microscopic reflectance and reflectance anisotropy in GaAs-based structures is reported. The two techniques are complementary with the second being sensitive to the strain and the first both to the strain and to the surface modulation induced by the SAW. Their combination provides information about both the longitudinal and transverse components of the SAW particle displacement vector.
Magnetic and electrical transport anomalies in RMAs2 (R= Pr and Sm, M= Ag and Au) (2009)

The results of magnetization, heat-capacity, and electrical resistivity (rho) studies of the compounds, RMAs2 (R= Pr and Sm; M= Ag, Au), crystallizing in HfCuSi2-derived structure are reported. PrAgAs2 orders antiferromagnetically at T_N= 5 K. The Au analogue, however, does not exhibit long range magnetic order down to 1.8 K. We infer that this is due to subtle differences in their crystallographic features, particularly noting that both the Sm compounds with identical crystal structure as that of former order magnetically nearly at the same temperature (about 17 K). It appears that, in PrAgAs2, SmAgAs2, and SmAuAs2, there is an additional magnetic transition at a lower temperature, as though the similarity in the crystal structure results in similarities in magnetism as well. The rho for PrAgAs2 and PrAuAs2 exhibits negative temperature coefficient in some temperature range in the paramagnetic state. SmAuAs2 exhibits magnetic Brillouin-zone gap effect in rho at T_N, while SmAgAs2 shows a well-defined broad minimum well above T_N around 45 K. Thus, these compounds reveal interesting magnetic and transport properties.
Complex gene rearrangements caused by serial replication slippage (2005)

The now-classical model of replication slippage can in principle account for both simple deletions and tandem duplications associated with short direct repeats. Invariably, a single replication slippage event is invoked, irrespective of whether simple deletions or tandem duplications are involved. However, we recently identified three complex duplicational insertions that could also be accounted for by a model of serial replication slippage. We postulate that a sizeable proportion of hitherto inexplicable complex gene rearrangements may be explained by such a model. To test this idea, and to assess the generality of our initial findings, a number of complex gene rearrangements were selected from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD). Some 95% (20/21) of these mutations were found to be explicable by twin or multiple rounds of replication slippage, the sole exception being a double deletion in the F9 gene that is associated with DNA sequences that appear capable of adopting non-B conformations. Of the 20 complex gene rearrangements, 19 (seven simple double deletions, one triple deletion, two double mutational events comprising a simple deletion and a simple insertion, six simple indels that may constitute a novel and non-canonical class of gene conversion, and three complex indels) were compatible with the model of serial replication slippage in cis; the remaining indel in the MECP2 gene, however, appears to have arisen via interchromosomal replication slippage in trans. Our postulate that serial replication slippage may account for a variety of complex gene rearrangements has therefore received broad support from the study of the above diverse series of mutations. Hum Mutat 26(2), 1–10, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Stimulation of Tissue Factor Expression in Human Microvascular and Macrovascular Endothelial Cells by Cultured Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in vitro (1999)

The effect of conditioned media obtained from different smooth muscle cells (SMC) on tissue factor (TF) expression in endothelial cells (EC) in vitro was investigated. We could show that conditioned media from cultured human aortic SMC, human umbilical artery SMC or human umbilical vein SMC all resembling the synthetic phenotype of SMC induced TF activity in human umbilical vein EC and human skin microvascular EC in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. This induction was also seen at the level of specific TF mRNA as evidenced by Northern blotting. The TF inducing activity was heat-labile and acid-stable and had an approximate molecular mass of 38 kD. This activity was found to be distinct from known inducers of TF expression in EC such as interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, bacterial lipopolysaccharide or vascular endothelial growth factor. Such as factor, if released by SMC in vivo, could contribute to the activation of EC under conditions such as when EC are in close contact with SMC of the synthetic (nondifferentiated) phenotype seen in processes like vessel development or neo-intima formation.
Pre-symptomatic Prediction of Illness in Mice Inoculated with Cowpox (2007)

We describe here research directed towards early (presyndromic) diagnosis of infection. By using a mouse model and a multi-component blood protein diagnostic tool we detected cowpox infection several days in advance of overt symptoms with high accuracy. We provide details of the experimental design and measurement technique and elaborate on the long-range implication of these results.
Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Apoptotic Effect of KCNB1 K+ Channel Oxidation (2012)

Potassium (K(+)) channels are targets of reactive oxygen species in the aging nervous system. KCNB1 (formerly Kv2.1), a voltage-gated K(+) channel abundantly expressed in the cortex and hippocampus, is oxidized in the brains of aging mice and of the triple transgenic 3xTg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. KCNB1 oxidation acts to enhance apoptosis in mammalian cell lines, whereas a KCNB1 variant resistant to oxidative modification, C73A-KCNB1, is cytoprotective. Here we investigated the molecular mechanisms through which oxidized KCNB1 channels promote apoptosis. Biochemical evidence showed that oxidized KCNB1 channels, which form oligomers held together by disulfide bridges involving Cys-73, accumulated in the plasma membrane as a result of defective endocytosis. In contrast, C73A-mutant channels, which do not oligomerize, were normally internalized. KCNB1 channels localize in lipid rafts, and their internalization was dynamin 2-dependent. Accordingly, cholesterol supplementation reduced apoptosis promoted by oxidation of KCNB1. In contrast, cholesterol depletion exacerbated apoptotic death in a KCNB1-independent fashion. Inhibition of raft-associating c-Src tyrosine kinase and downstream JNK kinase by pharmacological and molecular means suppressed the pro-apoptotic effect of KCNB1 oxidation. Together, these data suggest that the accumulation of KCNB1 oligomers in the membrane disrupts planar lipid raft integrity and causes apoptosis via activating the c-Src/JNK signaling pathway.
Supplementary Data from Selection of Oncogenic Mutant Clones in Normal Human Skin Varies with Body Site (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures S1-S7 and Tables S1 and S2&lt;/p&gt;
Patient level simulation and reinforcement learning to discover novel\n strategies for treating ovarian cancer (2021)

The prognosis for patients with epithelial ovarian cancer remains dismal\ndespite improvements in survival for other cancers. Treatment involves multiple\nlines of chemotherapy and becomes increasingly heterogeneous after first-line\ntherapy. Reinforcement learning with real-world outcomes data has the potential\nto identify novel treatment strategies to improve overall survival. We design a\nreinforcement learning environment to model epithelial ovarian cancer treatment\ntrajectories and use model free reinforcement learning to investigate\ntherapeutic regimens for simulated patients.\n
A large area full-field EDXRF imaging system based on a THCOBRA gaseous detector (2014)

A large area EDXRF imaging system based on a 2D-THCOBRA detector, an X-ray tube and a pinhole for elemental imaging applications.
Supplementary Figure S4 from RhoB Determines Tumor Aggressiveness in a Murine EGFR<sup>L858R</sup>-Induced Adenocarcinoma Model and Is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker for Lepidic Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S4. Representative images of healthy lungs and lung tumors from EGFR/rhob mice stained with CD34 antibody, and corresponding quantification&lt;/p&gt;
What is an analogue for the semantic web and why is having one important? (2007)

This paper postulates that for the Semantic Web to grow and gain input from fields that will surely benefit it, it needs to develop an analogue that will help people not only understand what it is, but what the potential opportunities are that are enabled by these new protocols. The model proposed in the paper takes the way that Web interaction has been framed as a baseline to inform a similar analogue for the Semantic Web. While the Web has been represented as a Page + Links, the paper presents the argument that the Semantic Web can be conceptualized as a Notebook + Memex. The argument considers how this model also presents new challenges for fundamental human interaction with computing, and that hypertext models have much to contribute to this new understanding for distributed information systems.
Antitumor activity of curcumin is mediated through the induction of apoptosis in AK‐5 tumor cells (1999)

Curcumin, the yellow pigment of turmeric (Curcuma longa), used commonly as a spice, has been shown to possess anticarcinogenic activity. Curcumin inhibited AK-5 tumor growth and induced apoptosis in AK-5 cells. Curcumin induced apoptosis is mediated through the activation of caspase-3, which is specifically inhibited by the tetrapeptide Ac-DEVD-CHO. In addition, curcumin induced tumor cell death is caused through the generation of reactive oxygen intermediates which is inhibited by N-acetyl-L-cysteine. Our studies suggest that the apoptotic process induced by curcumin is the mechanism mediating AK-5 tumor cell death.
Naturally occurring dibenzofurans. Part 2. The synthesis of schizopeltic acid (1982)

The structure of schizopeltic acid as 1,7-dimethoxy-6-methoxycarbonyl 3,9-dimethyldibenzofuran-4-carboxylic acid (1) has been confirmed by rational synthesis. 6-Methoxy-4-methylbenzofuran-2-carbaldehyde (10), available from 3,5-dimethoxytoluene (4) in six steps, was converted into methyl 1-acetoxy-7-methoxy-9-methyldibenzofuran-3-carboxylate (12) by Wittig reaction with 2-carboxy-1-methoxycarbonylethyltriphenylphosphorane and subsequent ring-closure of the resultant (E)-3-methoxycarbonyl-4-(6-methoxy-4-methylbenzofuran-2-yl)but-3-enoic acid (11) with acetic anhydride. Reduction of compound (12) gave 7-methoxy-3,9-dimethyldibenzofuran-1-ol (14) which was converted into schizopeltic acid (1) by sequential formylations and oxidations.
Alignment-Free Design of Highly Discriminatory Diagnostic Primer Sets for Escherichia coli O104:H4 Outbreak Strains (2012)

Draft genomes of isolates of disease outbreak bacteria enable high throughput primer design and enhanced diagnostic performance in comparison to traditional molecular assays. Future outbreak investigations will be able to harness HTS rapidly to generate draft genome sequences and diagnostic primer sets, greatly facilitating epidemiology and clinical diagnostics. We expect that high throughput primer design strategies will enable faster, more precise responses to future disease outbreaks of bacterial origin, and help to mitigate their societal impact.
Effect of N-type doping and vacancy formation on the thermodynamic, electrical, structural, and bonding properties of Si: X. (X = P, As, and Sb): a theoretical study (2020)

Abstract We investigated the effect of n-type doping and vacancy formation on the thermodynamic, electrical, structural, and bonding properties of Si:X (X = P, As, and Sb) using first-principles calculations. Density functional theory calculations show that the lattice parameter of Si 1 − y P y decreases with higher P concentrations due to the incorporation of smaller P atoms, while that of Si 1 − y As y and Si 1 − y Sb y increases with higher As and Sb concentrations. Moreover, both local density functional approximation and GGAgeneralized gradient approximation –Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof functionals demonstrate that donor-vacancy complex (X 4 V) is the most energetically favorable structure for Si:X for all n-type dopants. With most energetically favorable structure (P 4 V), the effect of the vacancy formation on the lattice parameter is greatly reduced, and thus the lattice parameters of P 4 and P 4 V are similar. However, in case of As- and Sb-doped Si, we found that the relaxed lattice parameter in the form of As n and Sb n is not strongly influenced by the environment around V. For all n-type dopants, the relaxed lattice parameter is same, regardless of the dopant distribution such as random alloys or X n . Both bond length and angle in X 4 V decrease compared to those of X 4 due to the greater electron repulsions caused by one lone pair of two electrons in the nonbonding region. Direct observation of the lone electron pair in P 4 V, As 4 V, and Sb 4 V using ELF shows that the vacancy plays a critical role in determining the structural and electrical properties of Si materials doped with n-type dopants. Theoretical findings in this study help to understand and predict the materials properties of Si doped with n-type atoms in fundamental researches as well as in industrial applications.
High-Resolution Multicolor Imaging of Dynamic Signaling Complexes in T Cells Stimulated by Planar Substrates (2003)

The dynamic visualization of developing immunological synapses has been hindered by the difficulty of imaging the contact between the T cell and the antigen-presenting cell (APC). Here, we describe a technique in which T cell responses are constrained to a planar stimulatory substrate. This approach, when used in conjunction with immunofluorescent staining procedures or fluorescent protein tags, greatly facilitates detection of the dynamic molecular rearrangements that accompany the formation of contacts and the initiation of signal transduction through the T cell receptor (TCR). Using this method, we have observed signaling complexes of dynamically varying compositions that possess distinct fates.
Power penalties due to Brillouin and Rayleigh scattering in a bidirectional coherent transmission system (1994)

In case of a large number of channels and a limited available optical bandwidth (limited laser tuning range) it may be necessary to chose a channel spacing near 0 or 11 GHz, where Rayleigh-and Brillouin backscattering introduce crosstalk in a bidirectional system. Although there is much literature on stimulated Brillouin scattering, that occurs at high powers, there is hardly any attention paid to what happens at relatively low input powers. Furthermore there are no system measurements which thoroughly investigate these effects. The authors performed extensive bidirectional system experiments to investigate the crosstalk from Brillouin scattering in more detail, including its polarization properties. They found, that, while for high powers most of the energy is backscattered to a 11 GHz lower frequency, for low powers there is no difference for the crosstalks at 11 GHz higher or 11 GHz lower than the signal frequency. The power budget is limited to 40 dB for both cases. The predicted 33.3% degree of polarization of low-power Brillouin scattering is experimentally confirmed for the first time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Attractors of Trees of Maps and of Sequences of Maps between Spaces with Application to Subdivision (2019)

In a previous paper we considered a sequence of maps on a complete metric space $(X,d)$ and derived an extension of the Banach fixed point theorem. We showed that backward trajectories of maps $X\to X$ converge under mild conditions and that they can generate new types of attractors such as scale dependent fractals. Here we present two generalisations of this result and some potential applications. First, we study the structure of an infinite tree of maps $X\to X$ and discuss convergence to a unique "attractor" of the tree. We also consider "staircase" sequences of maps, that is, we consider a countable sequence of metric spaces $\{(X_i,d_i)\}$ and an associated countable sequence of maps $\{T_i\}$, $T_i:X_{i}\to X_{i-1}$. We examine conditions for the convergence of backward trajectories of the $\{T_i\}$ to a unique attractor. An example of such trees of maps are trees of function systems leading to the construction of fractals which are both scale dependent and location dependent. The staircase structure facilitates linking all types of linear subdivision schemes to attractors of function systems.