gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Local light field fusion (2019)

We present a practical and robust deep learning solution for capturing and rendering novel views of complex real world scenes for virtual exploration. Previous approaches either require intractably dense view sampling or provide little to no guidance for how users should sample views of a scene to reliably render high-quality novel views. Instead, we propose an algorithm for view synthesis from an irregular grid of sampled views that first expands each sampled view into a local light field via a multiplane image (MPI) scene representation, then renders novel views by blending adjacent local light fields. We extend traditional plenoptic sampling theory to derive a bound that specifies precisely how densely users should sample views of a given scene when using our algorithm. In practice, we apply this bound to capture and render views of real world scenes that achieve the perceptual quality of Nyquist rate view sampling while using up to 4000X fewer views. We demonstrate our approach's practicality with an augmented reality smart-phone app that guides users to capture input images of a scene and viewers that enable realtime virtual exploration on desktop and mobile platforms.
Prediction of Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias by Intracardiac Repolarization Variability Analysis (2009)

Repolarization lability is present throughout the ventricular myocardium. Increased intracardiac QT variability predicts VT/VF events in patients with structural heart disease.
A Method for Accelerated Aging Tests of Power Modules for Photovoltaic Inverters Considering the Inverter Mission Profiles (2019)

This paper presents a new method for the accelerated aging tests of power semiconductor devices in photovoltaic (PV) inverters. Mission profiles are analyzed; output current and ambient temperature are extracted over several years from multiple PV plants located in France. It is then proposed to create a particular aging profile that takes into account not only the different constraints of the application of the PV inverters (high-frequency switching and sinusoidal-shaped current) but also reproduces a typical profile of the output current of PV inverters. Similarly, the ambient temperature varies as in the real application. By applying current injections with relatively long durations, the direct bonded copper (DBC) substrates and the coolers are subjected to high temperature swings. This method should shows better representation of the thermal behavior of dc/ac inverters used in PV applications, and is expected to show more representative results than traditional power cycling, thus reducing the favoring of certain failure modes to the detriment of others.
ChemInform Abstract: Trimethylsilyl Directed Aromatic Sulfonation with Sulfur Trioxide—Dioxane Complex. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A 40 nm gate length n-MOSFET (1995)

Forty nm gate length n-MOSFETs with ultra-shallow source and drain junctions of around 10 nm are fabricated for the first time. In order to fabricate such small geometry MOSFETs, two special techniques have been adopted. One is a resist thinning technique using isotropic oxygen plasma ashing for the fabrication of 40 nm gate electrodes. The other is a solid phase diffusion technique from phosphorus doped silicated glass (PSG) for the fabrication of 10 nm source and drain junctions. The resulting 40 mm gate length n-MOSFETs operate quite normally at room temperature. Using these n-MOSFETs, we investigated short channel effects and current drivability in the 40 nm region at room temperature. We have also investigated hot-carrier related phenomena in the 40-nm region. Results indicate that the impact ionization rate increases slightly as the gate length is reduced to around 40 nm, and that both impact ionization rate and substrate current fall significantly as V/sub d/ falls below 1.5 V. This demonstrates that reliability as regards degradation due to hot carriers is not a serious problem even in the 40 mm region if V/sub d/ is less than or equal to 1.5 V.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
SOX7 deficiency causes ventricular septal defects through its effects on endocardial-to-mesenchymal transition and the expression of Wnt4 and Bmp2 (2023)

SOX7 is a transcription factor-encoding gene located in a region on chromosome 8p23.1 that is recurrently deleted in individuals with ventricular septal defects (VSDs). We have previously shown that Sox7-/- embryos die of heart failure around E11.5. Here, we demonstrate that these embryos have hypocellular endocardial cushions with severely reduced numbers of mesenchymal cells. Ablation of Sox7 in the endocardium also resulted in hypocellular endocardial cushions, and we observed VSDs in rare E15.5 Sox7flox/-;Tie2-Cre and Sox7flox/flox;Tie2-Cre embryos that survived to E15.5. In atrioventricular explant studies, we showed that SOX7 deficiency leads to a severe reduction in endocardial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). RNA-seq studies performed on E9.5 Sox7-/- heart tubes revealed severely reduced Wnt4 transcript levels. Wnt4 is expressed in the endocardium and promotes EndMT by acting in a paracrine manner to increase the expression of Bmp2 in the myocardium. Both WNT4 and BMP2 have been previously implicated in the development of VSDs in individuals with 46,XX sex reversal with dysgenesis of kidney, adrenals and lungs (SERKAL) syndrome and in individuals with short stature, facial dysmorphism and skeletal anomalies with or without cardiac anomalies 1 (SSFSC1) syndrome, respectively. We now show that Sox7 and Wnt4 interact genetically in the development of VSDs through their additive effects on endocardial cushion development with Sox7+/-;Wnt4+/- double heterozygous embryos having hypocellular endocardial cushions and perimembranous and muscular VSDs not seen in their Sox7+/- and Wnt4+/- littermates. These results provide additional evidence that SOX7, WNT4 and BMP2 function in the same pathway during mammalian septal development and that their deficiency can contribute to the development of VSDs in humans.
The Experience Of The Intensive Care Unit In A British Army Field Hospital During The 2003 Gulf Conflict (2003)

Over the last few years the Surgeon General's Department has overseen a major update in equipment scales for medical units in the field; anaesthesia and intensive care. This is to meet the aspiration of the Defence Chiefs, that injured servicemen on active service should receive the same standard of care as available in the United Kingdom. This paper discusses the experiences of the Intensive Care Unit operating within a Field Hospital both during the initial war fighting phase and subsequent peace keeping phase of the 2003 Gulf conflict (OP TELIC). Observations are made on patient activity, treatment strategy, and equipment adequacy.
Neurophysiologic Monitoring of Spinal Nerve Root Function During Instrumented Posterior Lumbar Spine Surgery (2002)

These results suggest that intraoperative electromyographic monitoring provides a real-time measure of impending spinal nerve root injury during instrumented posterior lumbar fusion, allowing for timely intervention and minimization of negative postoperative sequela.
Characterization of the Binding of N‐Methyl‐4‐Phenylpyridine, the Toxic Metabolite of the Parkinsonian Neurotoxin N‐Methyl‐4‐Phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐Tetrahydropyridine, to Neuromelanin (1987)

N-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) selectively destroys neuronal cell bodies in the neuromelanin-containing substantia nigra of humans and primates. We show that N-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+), the active metabolite of MPTP, binds to neuromelanin with high affinity. This binding increases at higher pH and is displaced most potently by divalent cations and antimalarial drugs. MPP+ bound intracellularly to neuromelanin may be stored and released gradually, resulting in subsequent damage to neurons of the substantia nigra.
N-Monomethylation of Aromatic Amines with Methanol via PNHP-Pincer Ru Catalysts (2018)

The use of methanol for the selective methylation of aromatic amines with RuHCl(CO)(PN<sup>H</sup>P) (PN<sup>H</sup>P = bis(2-diphenylphosphinoethyl)amine) is reported. Various aromatic amines were transformed into their corresponding monomethylated secondary amines in high yields at 150 °C with a very low catalyst loading (0.02-0.1 mol %) in the presence of KO <sup>t</sup>Bu (20-60 mol %). The catalyst precursor, RuHCl(CO)(PN<sup>H</sup>P), was converted to [RuH(CO)<sub>2</sub>(PN<sup>H</sup>P)]<sup>+</sup> under the catalytic conditions and also serves as a highly effective catalyst. The robustness of this catalyst contributes to its outstanding catalytic activity, even under reaction conditions, in which CO is liberated from methanol.
Multiscale Carbon Nanotube−Carbon Fiber Reinforcement for Advanced Epoxy Composites (2007)

We report an approach to the development of advanced structural composites based on engineered multiscale carbon nanotube-carbon fiber reinforcement. Electrophoresis was utilized for the selective deposition of multi- and single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on woven carbon fabric. The CNT-coated carbon fabric panels were subsequently infiltrated with epoxy resin using vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) to fabricate multiscale hybrid composites in which the nanotubes were completely integrated into the fiber bundles and reinforced the matrix-rich regions. The carbon nanotube/carbon fabric/epoxy composites showed approximately 30% enhancement of the interlaminar shear strength as compared to that of carbon fiber/epoxy composites without carbon nanotubes and demonstrate significantly improved out-of-plane electrical conductivity.
The Effects of Sphingolipid Synthesis Inhibition on Cholesterol Gallstone Formation in C57BL/6J mice (2009)

Background: Sphingolipids play a very important role in cell membrane formation, signal transduction and plasma lipoprotein metabolism. The first rate-limiting step in the sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway is catalyzed by serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), and myriocin is a potent and specific inhibitor of SPT. We investigated the impact of SPT inhibition on cholesterol gallstone formation in C57BL/6J mice. Methods: Three groups of eight-week-old C57BL/6J mice were utilized. Each group consisted of 20 mice; group A, B, and C were fed normal chow, lithogenic diet with phosphate buffered saline, and lithogenic diet with myriocin (0.3 mg/kg), respectively, for 6 weeks. The ceramide levels in both serum and bile were assessed by high performance liquid chromatography analysis. Protein expression of ERK, JNK and p38 in the extracted gallbladder were determined by Western-blot analysis. Results: Myriocin treatment caused a significant decrease in the rate of cholesterol gallstone formation. The lithogenic diet mice (group B) showed the highest ceramide activities in both the serum and bile among all the tested groups and there was significant suppression of the ceramide levels in both the serum and bile of the myriocin-treated mice (group C, p < 0.05). Phosphorylation of p38 in the gallbladder was increased in the lithogenic-diet mice and the expression of phosphorylated p38 was significantly suppressed in the myriocin treated mice. Conclusions: SPT inhibition by myriocin suppressed gallstone formation and the levels of ceramide in both the serum and bile. p38 in the cellular signaling pathways might be associated with cholesterol gallstone formation.
Magnetoelectrical Effects in Liquid Crystals (1992)

Abstract Quasiequilibrium states of the liquid crystalline system with added small ferromagnetic particles are discussed. Possible flexomagnetoelectrical effects and a helical twisting under the combined action of electric and magnetic fields are described.
On the log-likelihood ratio evaluation of CWCU linear and widely linear MMSE data estimators (2016)

In soft decoding, log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) are calculated from estimated data symbols. Data symbols from proper constellation diagrams such as QPSK are often estimated using the linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) estimator. We prove that the recently introduced component-wise conditionally unbiased (CWCU) LMMSE estimator results in the very same LLRs as the LMMSE estimator for typical model assumptions. For improper constellation diagrams such as 8-QAM, we show that the widely linear versions of the LMMSE and the CWCU LMMSE estimator also yield identical LLRs. In that case, the CWCU estimator allows to reduce the complexity of the LLR determination.
Process Evaluation of a Medical Student–Delivered Smoking Prevention Program for Secondary Schools: Protocol for the Education Against Tobacco Cluster Randomized Trial (2019)

DERR1-10.2196/13508.
Parallel Spatial Splits in Bounding Volume Hierarchies (2016)

Bounding volume hierarchies (BVH) are essential for efficient ray tracing. In time-constrained situations such as real-time or large model visualization, fast construction of BVHs usually compromises hierarchy quality, resulting in reduced rendering speed. We propose a parallel framework for the state-of-the-art BVH construction algorithm with spatial splits (SBVH) that provides highest quality hierarchies within a time frame competitive with lowquality builders optimized for construction speed. We leverage both data and task parallelism to employ threading and single instruction, multiple data (SIMD) capabilities of modern CPUs. Our key contribution is a lightweight memory management and load balancing scheme that maximizes parallel efficiency.
Direct evidence of neuron impairment by oral infection with verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H- in mitomycin-treated mice (1994)

We developed a mouse model of acute encephalopathy induced by verotoxin 2 variant (VT2v)-producing Escherichia coli. Three-week-old mice were inoculated intragastrically with approximately 10(10) CFU of E. coli O157:H- strain E32511/HSC and simultaneously given an intraperitoneal injection of mitomycin (MMC; 2.5 mg/kg). Drinking water containing 5 g of streptomycin sulfate per liter was given ad libitum from 3 days before the infection. From 1 to 2 days after bacterial inoculation, clinical features including weight loss, weakness, and flaccid paralysis of the extremities developed, usually culminating in death within 4 days. Diarrhea was not observed during the course of disease. No mice died in the absence of streptomycin or MMC treatment for 2 weeks after the oral bacterial infection. Judging from the clinical course and the biochemical and histological examination, the cause of death was not likely to be attributable to renal failure or to a side effect of MMC. To better understand the cause of death, we examined the brain cortex and spinal cord of the moribund mice by electron microscopy. Mice showing mortal symptoms were given horseradish peroxidase intravenously. The tracer was present in the endothelial basal lamina, in the surrounding extracellular spaces, and even in the neuron fibers of the brain cortex. Furthermore, immunoreactivity of VT2v, proved by the use of rabbit anti-VT2 serum, was localized selectively in the damaged myelin sheaths of neuron fibers which were accompanied by edematous axons in the brain cortex and spinal cord. These findings strongly suggest that VT2v is toxic to both endothelial cells and neurons in the central nervous system and subsequently causes fatal acute encephalopathy.
Chemistry of Coordinatively Unsaturated Bis(thiolato)ruthenium(II) Complexes (η6-arene)Ru(SAr)2[SAr = 2,6-Dimethylbenzenethiolate, 2,4,6-Triisopropylbenzenethiolate; (SAr)2= 1,2-Benzenedithiolate; Arene = Benzene,p-Cymene, Hexamethylbenzene] (1997)

Mononuclear 16-electron arene−ruthenium(II)−thiolate complexes of the general formula (η6-arene)Ru(SAr)2 (2, Ar = 2,6-C6H3Me2 = Xyl; 3, Ar = 2,4,6-C6H2(CHMe2)3; arene = C6H6 (a), arene = p-MeC6H4(CHMe2) = p-cymene (b), arene = C6Me6 (c)) have been prepared by treatment of [(η6-arene)RuCl2]2 (1) with the corresponding sodium arenethiolate in methanol. Reaction of 2b with disodium of 1,2-benzenedithiolate (=S2C6H4) led to a mixture of monomer and dimer complexes (η6-p-cymene)Ru(S2C6H4) (4b) and [(η6-p-cymene)Ru(S2C6H4)]2 (5b) in solution. A complex (η6-C6Me6)Ru(S2C6H4) (4c) was predominantly monomeric, revealed by a crystal structure analysis of 4c. All these monomeric complexes show intense blue color of the LMCT band due to the donation from the filled S(pπ) orbital to the empty Ru(dπ*) orbital, which stabilizes coordinatively unsaturated ruthenium(II). The structures of these complexes are characterized by NMR and mass spectra and elemental analysis in addition to the X-ray crystal structure determinations of 2a,b, 3c, and 4c, indicating the two-legged piano stool geometry. The newly prepared 16-electron complexes react with π-accepting molecules such as isocyanide, carbon monoxide, and trialkylphosphine. Treatment of 2b with an excess of tert-butyl isocyanide resulted in the release of the p-cymene ligand to give trans-Ru(SXyl)2(CNtBu)4 (8). Similarly, reaction of 5b with an excess of tert-butyl isocyanide afforded cis-Ru(S2C6H4)(CNtBu)4 (10), while reaction of 5b with 6 equiv of tert-butyl isocyanide gave a binuclear complex [Ru(S2C6H4)(CNtBu)3]2 (11). In the case of more strongly coordinating C6Me6 derivatives 2c and 4c, one molecule of tert-butyl isocyanide can coordinate to the ruthenium atom, resulting in the formation of (η6-C6Me6)Ru(SXyl)2(CNtBu) (9c) and (η6-C6Me6)Ru(S2C6H4)(CNtBu) (12c), respectively. Reactions of 5b and 4c with an excess of triethylphosphine afforded (η6-p-cymene)Ru(S2C6H4)(PEt3) (13b) and (η6-C6Me6)Ru(S2C6H4)(PEt3) (13c), respectively. In the carbonylation, 2b gave a binuclear carbonyl complex (CO)3Ru(μ-SXyl)3Ru(CO)2(SXyl) (14), while the carbonylation of the C6Me6 complex 2c afforded (η6-C6Me6)Ru(SXyl)2(CO) (15). Versatile reactivity of 16-electron ruthenium(II) thiolate complexes is thus demonstrated.
Study on popcorn polymerization. IX. Preparation of composite resins containing a popcorn polymer. (1988)

多孔性固体のボブコンポリマー (PCP) を配合したべーストから成る歯科用レジンの調製と, それを硬化反応させたさいの機械的性質を検討した. ここで使用したPCP粉末は, スチレンのPCPの粒径を約50～70μmに粉砕したものである. メタクリル酸メチルを約11wt%, 2, 2-ビス [4′- (3-メタクりロキシ-2-ヒドロキシプロポキシ) フェニル] プロパン (bis-GMA) を約63wt%, 及び, PCP粉末を約25wt%配合したペーストを過酸化ペンゾイルーN, N-ジメチル-p-トルイジン系開始剤を用いて硬化させた場合に, 多孔性を有する硬化物が得られ、そのものの引張り強さはおよそ180kgf/cm2で, またその吸水量は5.9mg/cm2であった. このPCPはメタクリル酸メチルをPCP化するシード (seed) としての重合活性を有していることから, 硬化物中に数多く観察された多孔は, このシード活性に基づいて生成したものと推定された. この硬化物は, 多孔性を有するために歯科用レジンとしての機械的な強度を満足しなかった. 一方, このペーストに酢酸クロロヘキシジンのような抗菌性を有する薬剤を練り込んだ場合, その硬化物は薬剤を水中で長期間にわたって放出することができた.
Feasibility Study of Dendrimer-Based TTR-CRISPR pDNA Polyplex for Ocular Amyloidosis <i>in Vitro</i> (2022)

Hereditary amyloidgenic transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis is caused by a genetic point-mutated transthyretin such as TTR Val30Met (TTR V30M), since it forms protein aggregates called amyloid resulting in the tissue accumulation and functional disorders. In particular, ATTR produced by retinal pigment epithelial cells often causes ATTR ocular amyloidosis, which elicits deterioration of ocular function and ultimately blindness. Therefore, development of novel therapeutic agents is urgently needed. Genome-editing technology using Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-CRISPR associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas9) system is expected to be a therapeutic approach to treat genetic diseases, such as ATTR amyloidosis caused by a point mutation in TTR gene. Previously, we reported that glucuronylglucosyl-β-cyclodextrin conjugated with a polyamidoamine dendrimer (CDE) had excellent gene transfer ability and that underlying dendrimer inhibited TTR aggregation. Conversely, folate receptors are known to be highly expressed in retina; thus, folate has potential as a retinal target ligand. In this study, we prepared a novel folate-modified CDE (FP-CDE) and investigated its potential as a carrier for the retinal delivery of TTR-CRISPR plasmid DNA (pDNA). The results suggested that FP-CDE/TTR-CRISPR pDNA could be taken up by retinal pigment epithelial cells via folate receptors, exhibited TTR V30M amyloid inhibitory effect, and suppressed TTR production via the genome editing effect (knockout of TTR gene). Thus, FP-CDE may be useful as a novel therapeutic TTR-CRISPR pDNA carrier in the treatment of ATTR ocular amyloidosis.
Design And Development Of A User Specific Dynamic E-Magazine (2014)

Internet and electronic media gaining more popularity due to ease and speed, the count of Internet users has increased tremendously. The world is moving faster each day with several events taking place at once and the Internet is flooded with information in every field. There are categories of information ranging from most relevant to user, to the information totally irrelevant or less relevant to specific users. In such a scenario getting the information which is most relevant to the user is indispensable to save time.<br> <br> The motivation of our solution is based on the idea of optimizing the search for information automatically. This information is delivered to user in the form of an interactive GUI. The optimization of the contents or information served to him is based on his social networking profiles and on his reading habits on the proposed solution. The aim is to get the user's profile information based on his social networking profile considering that almost every Internet user has one. This helps us personalize the contents delivered to the user in order to produce what is most relevant to him, in the form of a personalized e-magazine. Further the proposed solution learns user's reading habits for example the news he saves or clicks the most and makes a decision to provide him with the best contents.
The Complexity of Handling Minimal Solutions in Logic-Based Abduction (2010)

Logic-based abduction is an important reasoning method with many applications in Artificial Intelligence including diagnosis, planning, and configuration. The goal of an abduction problem is to find a &amp;ldquo;solution&amp;rdquo;, i.e., an explanation for some observed symptoms. Usually, many solutions exist, and one is often interested in minimal ones only. Previous definitions of &amp;ldquo;solutions&amp;rdquo; to an abduction problem tacitly made an open-world assumption. However, as far as minimality is concerned, this assumption may not always lead to the desired behavior. To overcome this problem, we propose a new definition of solutions based on a closed-world approach. Moreover, we also introduce a new variant of minimality where only a part of the hypotheses is subject to minimization. A thorough complexity analysis reveals the close relationship between these two new notions as well as the differences compared with previous notions of solutions.
RESPONSE OF MAGNETIC FIELDS IN ANNULAR PIPES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL MAGNETIC FIELDS (1984)

A phenomenological treatment is given for steady magnetic fluid flows in annular pipes in the presence of uniform external magnetic fields. It is found that the apparent viscosity of a dilute colloidal suspension of ferromagnetic particles is a marked function of both the magnitude and direction of an externally applied magnetic field. The experimental fact shown by McTague(1969) that the additional viscosity is greater by a factor of 2 for the field parallel to the flow than for the field perpendicular to the flow is theoretically explained. Analytical expressions are derived for the distributions of velocities and angular velocities of the magnetic fluid in annular pipes under the influence of the external field. The induced magnetization calculated here to the first order is skewsymmetric with respect to the plane through the center line of the pipe and perpendicular to the applied magnetic field.