gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Introduction à l'étude de la saltation (1953)

On a generalemeni sous-estime le role imfJortant joue par la saltation dans les problemes d'entrainemeni de materiazlX. Les caracteristiques essenUelles de ce mouvement sont: la perte de contact des grains avec « lancer vers le haut» et les cirocs des grains au moment de leur retoml,,!e sur le depot de fond. Les « lancers vers le haut » soni favorises par la modification des condUions d'ecoulement autour des grains au moment de leur envol. Au stade du mo!wement generalise, l'ensemble des particules se deplace li l'interieur d'une « couche de saltation» parfaitement delimitee qui parait conditionner la turbulence de l'ecoulement. [NGI:NlEl'HS AU LABOHATOJl\E DACPIllNOIS l/HYDHAULIQCE
Immunodetection of the thymic epithelial P19 antigen in cultures of normal and pathological human thymic epithelium. (1987)

We investigated by an immunofluorescence assay the presence of the P19 antigen in cultures of human thymic epithelial cells (HTEC). This antigen is acquired during human thymic ontogeny, and in infants and adults most thymic epithelial cells were shown to display P19 antigen. In cultures of normal human thymic epithelium, we observed that the P19 protein was less expressed than in situ. However, the percentage of P19-containing cells increased with culture age, a finding which could be compared to that obtained recently concerning immunodetection of thymulin-containing cells. Indeed, thymic epithelial cells keep their endocrine function in culture and the number of thymulin-positive cells increases as a function of time. Interestingly, the increase of P19 expression was generally parallel to that of thymulin production. These data may reflect functional modifications of the cells in relation to differentiative effects. Similar results were obtained in pathological thymuses described as hyperplasia in M G patients. In contrast, thymomas behaved differently. Among the three benign thymomas tested, two were consistently P19-negative or faintly stained in culture conditions while one was very brightly stained from the onset and remained P19-positive throughout the culture; this finding correlates with studies on frozen sections. Our data show modifications of P19 antigen expression both in culture and in thymomas and suggest that P19 synthesis may be dependent upon components (factors or cells) which are efficient in the thymic microenvironment but partially defective in the cultures or after neoplastic transformation.
Simulation-based nonlinear filtering with redundant observations and bounded disturbances (2003)

This paper proposes a nonlinear filtering algorithm for unknown dynamics and high-complexity observations. We show that the algorithm yields bounded error under redundant observations and small bounded disturbances. The algorithm is a generalization of what we have used to achieve the first reported real-time estimation of submicron patterned wafer geometries during a plasma etching process with spectral reflectometry.
Updated version of Japanese Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) (2019)

Objectives: The Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) is one of the most widely used self- report questionnaires to measure functional status in Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The Japanese version of the CHAQ (JCHAQ) has been revised to meet requirements of clinical international trials which need the same number of questions in each functional area of the CHAQ. Methods: The original JCHAQ consisted of 36 items, measuring eight functional areas. This was changed to 30 items of questionnaire so that each functional area has same number of questions as the original US English version. The revised version was professionally translated from English to Japanese, reviewed, and validated with Japanese JIA patients. Results: A total of 42 JIA patients were enrolled in the validation: seven systemic, 30 polyarticular/oligoarticular and five enthesis related. Most patients were well controlled and the median disability index (DI) scores was 0.0 [0–0.03]; however, significant correlation was seen with visual analog scale (VAS) of pain, VAS overall well-being, physician VAS, DAS (Disease Activity Score) 28-ESR, and JADAS (Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score)-27. In comparison of two groups of disease activity, remission or inactive/low disease activity vs. moderate/high disease activity, both DAS28-ESR and JADAS-27 showed significant correlation with DI. Conclusion: The updated JCHAQ was a reliable and valid tool for the functional assessment of children with JIA. It is more suitable for international and transitional comparison.
ODOR, HYDROGEN SULFIDE AND AMMONIA EMISSIONS FROM SWINE FARMS IN MINNESOTA (2000)

ODOR, HYDROGEN SULFIDE AND AMMONIA EMISSIONS FROM SWINE FARMS IN MINNESOTALivestock odors have become a major concern in many states during the last five years. Many communities in Minnesota and in other states are developing and reviewing policies and ordinances related to agriculture that address concerns about odor and gaseous emissions from livestock production facilities.Evaluation of air emissions from livestock production facilities is a critical exercise in...Author(s)José R. BicudoCarrie L. TengmanLarry D. JacobsonJames E. SullivanSourceProceedings of the Water Environment FederationSubjectSESSION 8 EMISSIONS FROM AGRICULTURE-RELATED WASTESDocument typeConference PaperPublisherWater Environment FederationPrint publication date Jan, 2000ISSN1938-6478SICI1938-6478(20000101)2000:3L.589;1-DOI10.2175/193864700785303178Volume / Issue2000 / 3Content sourceOdors and Air Pollutants ConferenceFirst / last page(s)589 - 608Copyright2000Word count244
Nutritional requirements and strain heterogeneity in Ashbya gossypii (2011)

Colony radial growth rates and specific growth rates of three related Ashbya gossypii strains ATCC10895, IMI31268, MUCL29450 and an unrelated strain, CBS109.26, were measured on various carbon and nitrogen sources at pH 4.5 and pH 6.5 to elucidate physiological growth requirements and strain differences. All strains grew on yeast extract or ammonium as nitrogen sources, but not on nitrate. Substantial growth at pH 4.5 was observed only on complex medium. D-Glucose, glycerol and starch were utilised as carbon sources. Ethanol was produced during growth on glycerol. Conversion of xylose into xylitol demonstrates that the xylose reductase is active. Phenotypic differences between related strains were greater than expected. We demonstrate that A. gossypii utilizes ammonium as sole nitrogen source at pH 6.5, facilitating further physiological studies using chemically defined media in the future.
Laser program. Annual report, 1978 (1979)

This volume details the year's experiments, data, and analysis. The technology development programs required for the high performance needed in target diagnostic instrumentation and in solid state laser components are reviewed. (MOW)
Combined plasmonic gratings in organic solar cells (2011)

We propose an organic solar cell structure with combined silver gratings consisting of both a front and a back grating. This combination provides multiple, semi-independent enhancement mechanisms which act additively, so that a broadband absorption is obtained. Both gratings couple the incident light into various plasmonic modes, showing a more localized or propagating character respectively. In addition, some modes only appear for tilted incident light, and therefore present a complex angle-dependent behavior. We provide extensive numerical simulations, resulting in an optimized period of 490 nm, with front grating elements of 60 by 10nm and back elements of 60 by 30 nm. With these parameters an integrated absorption enhancement factor around 1.35 is observed, with absorption increasing from 48% to 65% under TM polarized light. In addition, the solar cell with combined gratings is much less sensitive to the angle of incident light than the single grating cases. Furthermore, the grating structure does not have a large influence on the TE polarized light absorption.
cDNA Cloning of Biologically Active Chicken Interleukin-18 (2000)

By searching a chicken EST database, we identified a cDNA clone that appeared to contain the entire open reading frame (ORF) of chicken interleukin-18 (ChIL-18). The encoded protein consists of 198 amino acids and exhibits approximately 30% sequence identity to IL-18 of humans and various others mammals. Sequence comparisons reveals a putative caspase-1 cleavage site at aspartic acid 29 of the primary translation product, indicating that mature ChIL-18 might consist of 169 amino acids. Bacterially expressed ChIL-18 in which the N-terminal 29 amino acids of the putative precursor molecule were replaced by a histidine tag induced the synthesis of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in cultured primary chicken spleen cells, indicating that the recombinant protein is biologically active.
Efficient Dynamic Taint Analysis Using Multicore Machines (2015)

Dynamic taint analysis is an effective method for detecting memory overwrite attacks before they can cause harm. However, initial implementations of the method employed interpretive execution, which causes an execution slowdown of 20 to 40 times. Recent work has reduced execution overhead by means of special hardware or by using dynamic binary instrumentation coupled with heavily optimized implementation of the taint checking code. This paper describes a new approach that uses two threads executing on different processor cores. In particular, one thread executes the original computation and a second thread “shadows” execution of the original to propagate taint values and to check for exploits. The two threads synchronize just enough for the shadow to follow the control flow of the program and to ensure that exploits are caught before they can cause damage. The approach is implemented by means of static binary rewriting. A prototype implementation correctly catches security exploits, with a performance overhead that ranges from a few percent on most programs to a factor of about two on some short-running programs.
Colloidal suspensions of template-removed zeolite nanocrystals (2000)

Colloidal suspensions of template-removed zeolite nanocrystals 
were prepared by using an organic polymer network as a temporary barrier 
during calcination to prevent zeolite nanocrystal aggregation.
Rate of Access to the Binding Sites in Organically Modified Silicates. 2. Ordered Mesoporous Silicas Grafted with Amine or Thiol Groups (2003)

Five different ordered mesoporous silica samples displaying various pore sizes and structures (two small-pore MCM-41, two large-pore MCM-41, and one small-pore MCM-48) and one amorphous silica gel have been grafted with either aminopropyl or mercaptopropyl groups. The resulting aminopropyl-grafted silicas (APS) and mercaptopropyl-grafted silicas (MPS) have been studied in solution via protonation of APS and metal ion binding on both APS and MPS. Special attention was given to characterize the accessibility to the binding sites and to the speed at which the reactants are reaching these reactive centers inside the mesoporous materials. Results have been obtained from batch experiments, by monitoring the reactant depletion in suspensions containing APS or MPS particles, and discussed with respect to the structure and porosity of the organic−inorganic hybrids. As a general trend, both accessibility and rate of access to the reactive sites were higher with ordered mesoporous solids than with amorphous materials of comparable porosity (average pore size ∼60−70 Å). The ordered mesoporous structures of smaller pore size (∼35 Å) gave rise to the same performance as that of large-pore amorphous silica, only if pore blocking can be avoided during the grafting process; if not, the advantage of uniform pore structure over the corresponding amorphous material did not exist anymore: a pore volume of at least 0.5 cm3 g-1 remaining upon grafting was necessary to keep this advantage. Increasing the amount of grafted moieties in the mesopores also led to restricted mass-transfer rates because of increasing steric hindrance. Moreover, protonation of mesoporous APS displaying uniform-sized channels was found to be dramatically slow at protonation levels higher than 50%, leading even to less-than-complete occupancy levels after 24 h of equilibration, most probably because of strong repulsive electrostatic interactions in such a confined medium. Applying a simplified diffusion model, the access rates of CuII in APS and HgII in MPS materials were quantified via calculation of apparent diffusion coefficients, Dapp, by appropriate fitting of kinetic curves. Dapp values were found to decrease slowly upon gradual completion of reaction because progressively less space was available for the ingress of reactants upon filling the mesostructures. This work would help at selecting the most appropriate conditions for target applications of grafted mesoporous solids in terms of capacity, accessibility, and especially, access rates to the active sites.
Wedge-and-strip anodes for centroid-finding position-sensitive photon and particle detectors (1981)

We discuss new anode geometries, employing position-dependent charge partitioning, which can be used with microchannel plates, planar proportional counters, and mesh dynode electron multipliers to obtain a two-dimensional position signal from each detected photon or particle. Only three or four anode electrodes and signal paths are required, yet images comprised of a number of detected events have little geometric distortion and the resolution is not limited by thermal noise inherent in resistive sheet anodes. We present an analysis of the geometrical image nonlinearity in the relationship between event centroid location and the charge partition ratios. Fabrication and testing of two wedge-and-strip anode systems are discussed. Images obtained with EUV radiation and microchannel plates that verify the predicted performance of this readout system are shown. We emphasize that the spatial resolution of the wedge-and-strip anode is in no way limited by the coarseness of the anode conductor pattern. The resolution is of the order of 0.4% of the image field size, and could be further improved by adopting low noise signal circuitry. Tradeoffs encountered in the design of practical x-ray, EUV, and charge particle image systems are discussed.
The Genomic Landscape of Centromeres in Cancers (2019)

Centromere genomics remain poorly characterized in cancer, due to technologic limitations in sequencing and bioinformatics methodologies that make high-resolution delineation of centromeric loci difficult to achieve. We here leverage a highly specific and targeted rapid PCR methodology to quantitatively assess the genomic landscape of centromeres in cancer cell lines and primary tissue. PCR-based profiling of centromeres revealed widespread heterogeneity of centromeric and pericentromeric sequences in cancer cells and tissues as compared to healthy counterparts. Quantitative reductions in centromeric core and pericentromeric markers (α-satellite units and HERV-K copies) were observed in neoplastic samples as compared to healthy counterparts. Subsequent phylogenetic analysis of a pericentromeric endogenous retrovirus amplified by PCR revealed possible gene conversion events occurring at numerous pericentromeric loci in the setting of malignancy. Our findings collectively represent a more comprehensive evaluation of centromere genetics in the setting of malignancy, providing valuable insight into the evolution and reshuffling of centromeric sequences in cancer development and progression.
<title>Laboratory model for the study and treatment of traumatic tattoos with the Q-switched ruby laser</title> (1994)

The outcome of laser tattoo removal is dependent on the type of laser and characteristics of the tattoo. A rabbit model was developed to study the Q-switched ruby laser in the treatment of traumatic tattooing. On the backs of white New Zealand rabbits, three 3 cm patches were dermabraded and dressed with carbon black and antibiotic ointment. After a healing period of eight weeks, pre-treatment biopsies were obtained, and the rabbits were treated with the Q- switched ruby laser at various fluence settings with a pulse width of 34 nsec. At set intervals, further biopsies were obtained and studied with light and electron microscopic analysis, and photodocumentation was performed. Grossly, clearance of the tattooed areas was noted in the laser treated specimens. More effective clearance was observed with higher fluence treatment. No infections occurred, and hair regrowth was noted in all cases, though the rate seemed to be altered by laser treatment.
Liquid biopsy in cancer patients: advances in capturing viable CTCs for functional studies using the EPISPOT assay (2015)

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood of cancer patients have received increasing attention as new diagnostic tool enabling 'liquid biopsies'. In contrast to the wealth of descriptive studies demonstrating the clinical relevance of CTCs as biomarkers, the extremely low concentration of CTCs in the peripheral blood of most cancer patients challenges further functional studies. This article discusses the current possibilities to enrich and, in particular, detect viable CTCs with emphasis on the EPithelial ImmunoSPOT technology. This functional assay detects viable CTCs at the single-cell level and has been used on hundreds of patients with different tumor types including epithelial tumors (breast, prostate and colon cancer) and melanomas. Moreover, the article summarizes recent advances in the in vitro and in vivo expansion of CTCs from cancer patients. These functional analyses will contribute to identifying the biological properties of metastatic cells and reveal new therapeutic targets against disseminating cancer cells.
A direct linearization associated with the Benjamin-Ono equation (1982)

The Benjamin‐Ono (BO) equation is a nonlinear singular‐integro‐differential equation which describes long gravity waves in a stratified fluid. A method of solution for the initial value problem of the BO equation is outlined which linearizes the BO equation. Eigenvalue, eigenfunctions, analyticity properties, time evolution, and soliton solutions are also analyzed. (AIP)
Ocular Microtremor in Oculomotor Palsy (1999)

These results suggest that innervation of the extraocular muscles is necessary for normal OMT activity, and OMT therefore has a neurogenic origin.
Integrated Chinese Herbal Medicine Therapy Improves the Survival of Patients With Ovarian Cancer (2019)

Background: Ovarian cancer is the seventh most commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide and has the highest mortality rate among all gynecological cancers. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is widely applied in Taiwan and has been used in integrated therapies to treat patients with cancer. Methods: Patients with ovarian cancer who were registered in the Taiwan Registry for Catastrophic Illness Patients Database between 1997 and 2012 were considered for this study. A 1:1 individual matching by age was implemented. A total of 101 CHM users and 101 non-CHM users were involved. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was applied to evaluate the hazard ratio of overall mortality. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to calculate the cumulative incidence of the overall survival rate. Association rule mining and network analysis were used to analyze CHM prescription patterns. Results: CHM users showed a significantly lower risk of overall mortality than nonusers (hazard ratio = 0.45, 95% confidence interval = 0.23-0.91; P = .0256; multivariate Cox proportional hazard model). The cumulative incidence of the overall survival probability was higher for CHM users than for non-CHM users (log-rank test, P = .0009). Association rule mining and network analysis suggested that the main CHM cluster was associated with the usage of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang, Chuan-Xiong, and Xi-Xin, followed by the use of Bai-Shao, Da-Huang, and Di-Huang. Conclusions: CHM, as an adjunctive therapy, may reduce the overall mortality in patients with ovarian cancer. A list of herbal medicines that could potentially be used in future studies and clinical trials has also been provided.
Prolonged contact with dendritic cells turns lymph node‐resident NK cells into anti‐tumor effectors (2016)

Natural killer (NK) cells are critical players against tumors. The outcome of anti-tumor vaccination protocols depends on the efficiency of NK-cell activation, and efforts are constantly made to manipulate them for immunotherapeutic approaches. Thus, a better understanding of NK-cell activation dynamics is needed. NK-cell interactions with accessory cells and trafficking between secondary lymphoid organs and tumoral tissues remain poorly characterized. Here, we show that upon triggering innate immunity with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), NK cells are transiently activated, leave the lymph node, and infiltrate the tumor, delaying its growth. Interestingly, NK cells are not actively recruited at the draining lymph node early after LPS administration, but continue their regular homeostatic turnover. Therefore, NK cells resident in the lymph node at the time of LPS administration become activated and exert anti-tumor functions. NK-cell activation correlates with the establishment of prolonged interactions with dendritic cells (DCs) in lymph nodes, as observed by two-photon microscopy. Close DC and NK-cell contacts are essential for the localized delivery of DC-derived IL-18 to NK cells, a strict requirement in NK-cell activation.
Carboxylic Acids from Primary Alcohols and Aldehydes by a Pyridinium Chlorochromate Catalyzed Oxidation (2005)

A facile and quantitative preparation of carboxylic acids by a pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) catalyzed (2 mol%) oxidation of primary alcohols and aldehydes using 2.2 equivalents and 1.1 equivalents of H5IO6, respectively, in acetonitrile is described here.
Data parallel fault simulation (2002)

Fault simulation is a compute intensive problem. Data parallel simulation on multiple processors is one method to reduce fault simulation time. We discuss a novel technique to partition the fault set for data parallel fault simulation. When applied statically, the technique can scale well for up to eight processors. The fault set partitioning technique is simple, can itself be parallelized, and can be implemented with extreme ease. Therefore, the technique can be used on a low cost parallel resource, such as a network of workstations.
ChemInform Abstract: Ozonolysis of Alkenes and Studies on the Reactions of Polyfunctionalized Compounds. Part 59. Novel Approach to the Synthesis of Isophytol and (E,E)‐Geranyllinalool — Isoprenoid Synthons for α‐Tocopherol and (E,E)‐α‐Tocotrienol. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Charting Networks in the X.500 Directory (1994)

This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.Discussion and suggestions for improvement