gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A mutant of canine adenovirus type 2 with a duplication of the E1a region exhibits altered expression of early region 4 (1991)

The genomic DNA of a vaccine strain of canine adenovirus type 2 (Vaxitas; ICI Tasman) has been shown to contain two copies of the E1a region, the second being at the far right end of the genome. DNA sequence analysis of the right terminal 2.8 kbp of this vaccine strain showed that numerous point mutations have occurred in the second copy, which would preclude the synthesis of any functional products. However, expression vectors in which the E1a promoter from the right terminus were linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene showed that the promoter was fully functional. Furthermore, the activity of the reiterated E1a promoter was considerably greater than that of the normal E4 promoter. This dramatic change in the regulation of E4 expression may be an important factor in determining the altered host cell specificity displayed by this vaccine strain virus.
A novel antagonist of Toll-like receptors 7, 8 and 9 suppresses lupus disease-associated parameters in NZBW/F1 mice (2013)

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is an autoimmune disease characterized by production of autoantibodies against nucleic acid-associated antigens. Endogenous DNA and RNA associated with these antigens stimulate inflammatory responses through Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and exacerbate lupus disease pathology. We have evaluated an antagonist of TLR7, 8 and 9 as a therapeutic agent in lupus-prone NZBW/F1 mice. NZBW/F1 mice treated with the antagonist had lower serum levels of autoantibodies targeting DNA, RNP, Smith antigen, SSA and SSB than did untreated mice. Reduction in blood urea nitrogen and proteinuria and improvements in kidney histopathology were observed in antagonist-treated mice. The antagonist treatment also reduced serum IL-12 and IL-1β and increased IL-10 levels. Levels of mRNA for IL-6, iNOS and IL-1β were lower in the kidneys and spleen of antagonist-treated mice than in those of untreated mice. Levels of mRNA for IP-10, TNFRSF9 and FASL were lower and IL-4 mRNA were higher in spleens of antagonist-treated mice than in spleens of untreated mice. mRNA for the inflammasome component NLRP3 was lower and mRNA for the antioxidant enzymes, catalase and glutathione peroxidase 1 was higher in the kidneys of antagonist-treated mice than in those of untreated mice. These results show that the antagonist of TLR7, 8 and 9 effectively inhibits inflammatory pathways involved in the development of lupus in NZBW/F1 mice and constitutes a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of lupus and other autoimmune diseases.
Comparing Information Technology Adoption between Developing and Developed Countries (2012)

Information technology adoption is critically important because it is a fundamental element of successful project management. Although some studies have been carried out to investigate the use of information technology in the construction industry, there is no comprehensive literature to compare the information technology adoption among different countries. This research aims at investigating the current extent of information technology use between developing and developed countries. To achieve this aim, a questionnaire was sent to 800 construction professionals from 20 countries. From those, 151 completed and reliable responses were selected to be analyzed. The result of the research reveals that there is no significant difference between developing and developed countries in information technology adoption; however, developed countries are more advanced in information technology use compared to developing countries. The results of this study are useful to provide directions in research, training, and development of strategies that will respond to the needs of the construction industry in the area of information technology selection.
Coding Causatives and Putatives in a Diachronic Perspective (2003)

The paper examines types of coding causatives and putatives in a diachronic perspective. Lexical and analytic coding of these two grammatical patterns are brought up for discussion. In general, Chinese witnesses a shift from lexical coding to analytic coding in its evolution from Old Chinese to Modern Chinese. Both labile causatives and putatives as ways of lexical coding prevalent in Old Chinese have the syntactic frame in common, and a verb or adjective in the frame may be construed as a labile causative or putative depending on the pragmatics-fed information. For analytic coding in modern Chinese in contrast to lexical coding in Old Chinese a survey of Li Jing Ji, a Southern Min script of a Ming play (1566 AD), turns up a range of verbs used as analytic causatives and putatives and types of grammatical constructions in which they occur. There is unmistakable evidence of interaction of lexico-semantic properties and syntactic patterns.
Analysis and Mitigation of Dead-Time Harmonics in the Single-Phase Full-Bridge PWM Converter With Repetitive Controllers (2018)

In order to prevent the power switching devices (e.g., an insulated-gate bipolar transistor, IGBT) from shoot-through in voltage-source converters during a switching period, the dead time is added either in the hardware driver circuits of the IGBTs or implemented in software in pulse width modulation (PWM) schemes. Both solutions will contribute to a degradation of the injected current quality. As a consequence, the harmonics induced by the dead time (referred to as “dead-time harmonics” hereafter) have to be compensated in order to achieve a satisfactory current quality, as required by standards. In this paper, the emission mechanism of dead-time harmonics in single-phase PWM inverters is, thus, presented considering the modulation schemes in detail. More importantly, a repetitive controller has been adopted to eliminate the dead-time effect in single-phase grid-connected PWM converters. The repetitive controller has been plugged into a proportional-resonant-based fundamental-frequency current controller so as to mitigate the dead-time harmonics and also to maintain the control of the fundamental-frequency grid current in terms of dynamics. Simulations and experiments are provided, which confirm that the repetitive controller can effectively compensate the dead-time harmonics and other low-order distortions, and also, it is a simple method without hardware modifications.
Synthetic nucleosides and nucleotides. XVIII. Synthesis and cytostatic activity of 5-fluoropyrimidine nucleosides of 3-amino-3-deoxy-.BETA.-D-ribofuranose and related compounds. (1981)

Treatment of 1, 2 : 5, 6-di-O-isopropylidene-3-amino-3-deoxy-α-D-allofuranose (1) with trifluoroacetic anhydride afforded crystalline 3-trifluoroacetamido derivative (2) in good yield. Selective removal of the 5, 6-O-isopropylidene group of 2 by treatment with 70% acetic acid followed by oxidation with periodate and subsequent reduction with sodium borohydride gave crystalline 1, 2-O-isopropylidene-3-deoxy-3-trifluoroacetamido-α-D-ribofuranose (3) in good yield. p-Nitrobenzoylation of 3 followed by acetolysis afforded crystalline 1, 2-di-O-acetyl-3-deoxy-3-trifluoroacetamido-5-O-p-nitrobenzoyl-β-D-ribofuranose (5). Coupling of the resulting 1-O-acetyl sugar with bis-trimethylsilylated derivatives of N4-acyl-5-fluorocytosines, N4-acylcytosines, 5-fluorouracil and N4-acetyl-5-methylcytosine using SnCl4 afforded the corresponding fully acylated nucleosides (7). Saponification of 7 gave 3-amino-3-deoxy-β-D-ribonucleosides (8a-8d). Alternatively, 2, 4-dimethoxy-5-methylpyrimidine was also coupled with 5 followed by treatment with ammonia to give 8d. The nucleosides (8a-8d) thus obtained were examined for cytostatic effect on mouse leukemic L5178Y cells. The compounds tested were active against this system and their ED50 values were 0.7 μg/ml, 7 μg/ml, 16 μg/ml and 60 μg/ml, respectively.
Dynamic simulation of articulated rigid bodies with contact and collision (2006)

We propose a novel approach for dynamically simulating articulated rigid bodies undergoing frequent and unpredictable contact and collision. In order to leverage existing algorithms for nonconvex bodies, multiple collisions, large contact groups, stacking, etc., we use maximal rather than generalized coordinates and take an impulse-based approach that allows us to treat articulation, contact, and collision in a unified manner. Traditional constraint handling methods are subject to drift, and we propose a novel prestabilization method that does not require tunable potentially stiff parameters as does Baumgarte stabilization. This differs from poststabilization in that we compute allowable trajectories before moving the rigid bodies to their new positions, instead of correcting them after the fact when it can be difficult to incorporate the effects of contact and collision. A poststabilization technique is used for momentum and angular momentum. Our approach works with any black box method for specifying valid joint constraints and no special considerations are required for arbitrary closed loops or branching. Moreover, our implementation is linear both in the number of bodies and in the number of auxiliary contact and collision constraints, unlike many other methods that are linear in the number of bodies, but not in the number of auxiliary constraints.
IoT and Edge Computing for Architects (2020)

Learn to design, implement, and secure your IoT infrastructure. Revised and expanded for edge computing.
Key Features
Build a complete IoT system that's the best fit for your organization

Learn about different concepts, tech, and trade-offs in the IoT architectural stack

Understand the theory and implementation of each element that comprises IoT design
Book Description
Industries are embracing IoT technologies to improve operational expenses, product life, and people's well-being. An architectural guide is needed if you want to traverse the spectrum of technologies needed to build a successful IoT system, whether that's a single device or millions of IoT devices.


IoT and Edge Computing for Architects, Second Edition encompasses the entire spectrum of IoT solutions, from IoT sensors to the cloud. It examines modern sensor systems, focusing on their power and functionality. It also looks at communication theory, paying close attention to near-range PAN, including the new Bluetooth® 5.0 specification and mesh networks. Then, the book explores IP-based communication in LAN and WAN, including 802.11ah, 5G LTE cellular, Sigfox, and LoRaWAN. It also explains edge computing, routing and gateways, and their role in fog computing, as well as the messaging protocols of MQTT 5.0 and CoAP.


With the data now in internet form, you'll get an understanding of cloud and fog architectures, including the OpenFog standards. The book wraps up the analytics portion with the application of statistical analysis, complex event processing, and deep learning models. The book then concludes by providing a holistic view of IoT security, cryptography, and shell security in addition to software-defined perimeters and blockchains.
What you will learn
Understand the role and scope of architecting a successful IoT deployment

Scan the landscape of IoT technologies, from sensors to the cloud and more

See the trade-offs in choices of protocols and communications in IoT deployments

Become familiar with the terminology needed to work in the IoT space

Broaden your skills in the multiple engineering domains necessary for the IoT architect

Implement best practices to ensure reliability, scalability, and security in your IoT infrastructure
Who this book is for
This book is for architects, system designers, technologists, and technology managers who want to understand the IoT ecosphere, technologies, and trade-offs, and develop a 50,000-foot view of IoT architecture. An understanding of the architectural side of IoT is necessary.
Stereotactic Resection of Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytomas of the Thalamus and Basal Ganglia (1987)

Six patients with juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas of the thalamus or basal ganglia underwent seven computer-assisted stereotactic laser craniotomies with complete or nearly complete removal of the tumor in all cases. The tumor was located in the right basal ganglia in one patient, the left basal ganglia in one patient, and the left thalamus in four patients. Postoperative assessment of the completeness of tumor removal was confirmed by contrast-enhanced computed tomographic scanning within the first 2 weeks after operation. None of the patients was neurologically worse after the procedure, and five were improved. The duration of follow-up ranged from 6 months to 3.5 years. In this group of patients, the computer-assisted, stereotactically guided resection of these deeply located, benign tumors was accomplished with no morbidity or mortality.
Multiple metal-carbon bonds. 9. Preparation and characterization of several alkylidene complexes, M(.eta.5-C5H5)2(alkylidene)X (M = tantalum or niobium), and the x-ray structure of Ta(.eta.5-C5H5)2(CHC6H5)(CH2C6H5). An investigation of alkylidene ligand rotation (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMultiple metal-carbon bonds. 9. Preparation and characterization of several alkylidene complexes, M(.eta.5-C5H5)2(alkylidene)X (M = tantalum or niobium), and the x-ray structure of Ta(.eta.5-C5H5)2(CHC6H5)(CH2C6H5). An investigation of alkylidene ligand rotationRichard R. Schrock, Louis W. Messerle, Clayton D. Wood, and Lloyd J. GuggenbergerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 12, 3793–3800Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00480a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00480a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views451Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Relaxation dynamics of Microcavity Polaritons in the presence of an electron gas (2005)

The dynamics of microcavity polaritons in the presence of an electron gas is investigated by means of timeresolved photoluminescence. The electrons induce a strong acceleration of the population build-up and decay, both in large wave-vector states (reservoir) and at the center of the Brillouin zone. We show that the dynamic changes in the reservoir are due to a better exciton relaxation and to the formation of a thermalized trion population. The population of the polariton states close to the center of the Brillouin zone adiabatically follows the reservoir population. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Redox-Controlled Polymerization of Lactide Catalyzed by Bis(imino)pyridine Iron Bis(alkoxide) Complexes (2013)

Bis(imino)pyridine iron bis(alkoxide) complexes have been synthesized and utilized in the polymerization of (rac)-lactide. The activities of the catalysts were particularly sensitive to the identity of the initiating alkoxide with more electron-donating alkoxides resulting in faster polymerization rates. The reaction displayed characteristics of a living polymerization with production of polymers that exhibited low molecular weight distributions, linear relationships between molecular weight and conversion, and polymer growth observed for up to fifteen sequential additions of lactide monomer to the polymerization reaction. Mechanistic experiments revealed that iron bis(aryloxide) catalysts initiate polymerization with one alkoxide ligand, while iron bis(alkylalkoxide) catalysts initiate polymerization with both alkoxide ligands. Oxidation of an iron(II) catalyst precursor lead to a cationic iron(III) bis-alkoxide complex that was completely inactive toward lactide polymerization. When redox reactions were carried out during lactide polymerization, catalysis could be switched off and turned back on upon oxidation and reduction of the iron catalyst, respectively.
Intraocular Lens Explantation in Uveitis (2000)

Visual rehabilitation after cataract surgery has been improved with the development of IOLs. These lenses are well tolerated in many uveitis patients when complete control of preoperative inflammation is achieved. However, in some patients, IOL placement after cataract extraction results in chronic inflammation, deposition of inflammatory cells and debris on the IOL surface, and inflammatory membrane formation despite antiinflammatory coverage. Patients with systemic diseases characterized by chronic inflammation, such as sarcoidosis and JRA, and those with chronic ocular inflammatory conditions or inflammation involving the intermediate segment of the eye may be at high risk for these complications. In patients in whom antiinflammatory therapy fails, adequate control of inflammation may be achieved after lens explantation.
Etude expérimentale d’un matériau architecturé àcomportement de second gradient du déplacement (2017)

International audience
Sol–Gel Transcription of Sugar-Appended Porphyrin Assemblies into Fibrous Silica: Unimolecular Stacks versus Helical Bundles as Templates (2002)

Elaborate transcription of unimolecular stacks or helically bundled fibers of sugar-appended porphyrin gelators into silica by sol–gel polycondensation of tetraethoxysilane gives unique hollow silica fibers with a monodispersed 4-nm inner diameter (left picture) and huge helical silica bundles (right picture), respectively.
A Catalytic Method for Converting Vinylic Furanoses into Cyclopentenones (2007)

From sugars to carbocycles: Pentacarbonyl iron is a cheap and efficient catalyst for mediating an isomerization–aldolization–dehydration sequence that converts vinyl sugars into cyclopentenones, which are very useful intermediates in the total synthesis of various types of bioactive molecules. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2007/z701663_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Sample Analysis at Mars (2003)

The next landed missions to Mars, such as the planned Mars Science Laboratory and ExoMars, will require sample analysis capabilities refined well beyond what has been flown to date. A key science objective driving this requirement is the determination of the carbon inventory of Mars, and particularly the detection of organic compounds. While the gas chromatograph mass spectrometers (GC/MS) on the Viking landers did not detect any indigenous organics in near surface fines, it is possible that these measurements were not representative of Mars on the whole. That is, those compounds to which the GC/MS was sensitive would likely not have survived the strong oxidative decomposition in the regolith at the landing sites in question. The near surface fines could very well contain a significant quantity of refractory compounds that would not have been volatilized in the sample ovens on Viking. It is also possible that volatile organics exist on Mars in sedimentary, subsurface, or polar niches.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-7 from The SWI/SNF ATPase Brm Is a Gatekeeper of Proliferative Control in Prostate Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-7 from The SWI/SNF ATPase Brm Is a Gatekeeper of Proliferative Control in Prostate Cancer
Challenges and obstacles in the application of acoustic emission to process machinery (2008)

Managing asset integrity is crucial for the cost-effective asset management of processing plants. Consequently, new techniques for detection and classification of incipient faults are continuously being sought by industry and developed by research and development professionals, both corporate and academic. Although acoustic emission (AE) testing for faults in static equipment has been used since the 1970s, its use as a monitoring technology for various machinery conditions has been poorly adopted by industry, despite a significant volume of work having been published over the past twenty years describing success in detecting numerous rotating and reciprocating machinery faults. Anecdotal evidence from industry suggests that many ‘tried and failed’. The authors believe that this is because applying AE monitoring to industrial plant is fraught with poorly documented challenges, obstacles, and limitations that must be well understood and overcome before any reported results can be replicated. Thus, to enable potential users to approach AE monitoring with more realistic expectations, the current paper discusses several such problems and suggests some available techniques for their management. After an initial introduction on the basics of AE specifically applied to machinery monitoring, issues are divided into generic problems and application-specific challenges.
THE BIOTECHNOLOGY CASE HISTORY FOR MUSA (1998)

Banana and plantain (Musa spp. L.) is a major tropical food crop and world commodity. Being a polyploid and vegetatively-propagated crop, its genetic improvement by conventional hybridisation is complex and difficult, yet not impossible. Simple tissue culture techniques, such as shoot-tip and embryo culture, are well developed and have greatly enhanced Musa germplasm handling and breeding. Plant regeneration by somatic embryogenesis is used to recover transgenic plants from single cells transformed by Agrobacterium or biolistic techniques for fungal and viral disease resistance. The potential of somaclonal variation as a source of novel and useful variability is limited, but it may be used as a secondary tool in Musa improvement. Molecular genetic techniques are being applied for improving the efficiency of Musa breeding. RFLPs appear to have limited application due to the low frequency of detected polymorphisms. The RAPD technique holds great promise for genome analysis. It detects high levels of polymorphism, yet still suffers from a number of practical drawbacks. Microsatellites are used to study genetic behaviour and structure in Musa, for fingerprinting hybrids, and to develop marker-assisted breeding systems. Candidate markers for such complex and important characters as parthenocarpy, earliness and regulated suckering are being tested. PCR primers have also been developed for virus diagnostics, already providing a specific and sensitive method to detect banana streak virus among in vitro plants. Reliable diagnostic protocols are increasingly needed for safe international movement of germplasm. Musa improvement requires a holistic approach to produce better cultivars. Hence, it is advocated that multidisciplinary public Musa breeding programmes should be central to any improvement effort. Such programmes will benefit from three biotechnologies that are clearly valuable in Musa breeding - tissue culture, diagnostics and molecular markers. Realistic, well defined targets for genetic engineering are occasionally warranted for inclusion within innovative breeding programmes.
Free Radical Reactions for Heterocycle Synthesis. Part 6. 2‐Bromobenzoic Acids as Building Blocks in the Construction of Nitrogen Heterocycles. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.