gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Materials developments (1995)

This year's Paris Air Show provided an opportunity to see some of the notable advances made in materials technology and to examine progress made in applications to a variety of components. Du Pont and another US company, Lanxide Corporation, formed a joint venture a while ago to design, develop and manufacture ceramic matrix and metal matrix composites for use in aerospace and other areas. One example concerns ceramic composite parts for turbine engine combustors which allow the side wall temperatures to be increased from 1,000°C to 1,300°C, thereby increasing fuel efficiency.
A Music-Therapy Robotic Platform for Children with Autism: A Pilot Study (2022)

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) experience deficits in verbal and nonverbal communication skills including motor control, turn-taking, and emotion recognition. Innovative technology, such as socially assistive robots, has shown to be a viable method for Autism therapy. This paper presents a novel robot-based music-therapy platform for modeling and improving the social responses and behaviors of children with ASD. Our autonomous social interactive system consists of three modules. We adopted Short-time Fourier Transform and Levenshtein distance to fulfill the design requirements: a) "music detection" and b) "smart scoring and feedback", which allows NAO to understand music and provide additional practice and oral feedback to the users as applicable. We designed and implemented six Human-Robot-Interaction (HRI) sessions including four intervention sessions. Nine children with ASD and seven Typically Developing participated in a total of fifty HRI experimental sessions. Using our platform, we collected and analyzed data on social behavioral changes and emotion recognition using Electrodermal Activity (EDA) signals. The results of our experiments demonstrate most of the participants were able to complete motor control tasks with ~70% accuracy. Six out of the 9 ASD participants showed stable turn-taking behavior when playing music. The results of automated emotion classification using Support Vector Machines illustrate that emotional arousal in the ASD group can be detected and well recognized via EDA bio-signals. In summary, the results of our data analyses, including emotion classification using EDA signals, indicate that the proposed robot-music based therapy platform is an attractive and promising assistive tool to facilitate the improvement of fine motor control and turn-taking skills in children with ASD.
Nitric oxide-related species inhibit evoked neurotransmission but enhance spontaneous miniature synaptic currents in central neuronal cultures (1996)

Nitric oxide (NO.) does not react significantly with thiol groups under physiological conditions, whereas a variety of endogenous NO donor molecules facilitate rapid transfer to thiol of nitrosonium ion (NO+, with one less electron than NO.). Here, nitrosonium donors are shown to decrease the efficacy of evoked neurotransmission while increasing the frequency of spontaneous miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs). In contrast, pure NO donors have little effect (displaying at most only a slight increase) on the amplitude of evoked EPSCs and frequency of spontaneous mEPSCs in our preparations. These findings may help explain heretofore paradoxical observations that the NO moiety can either increase, decrease, or have no net effect on synaptic activity in various preparations.
Aerosol Synthesis of Spherical Morphology Boron Nitride Powders from Organoborate Precursors (2006)

The reaction of aerosol droplets of the organoborate reagent (MeO)3B, suspended in nitrogen, with gaseous ammonia in a flight tube heated to 800−1500 °C was used to produce, in high yield, spherical morphology precursor powders BNxOyCz that contain decreasing amounts of oxygen and carbon as the process temperature and mole fraction of ammonia increased. Subsequent static nitridation of the precursor powder under ammonia gave spherical morphology BN powders with low (<1 wt %) oxygen and carbon contents. The powders were characterized by elemental analysis, DRIFT-IR, XRD, SEM, and TEM methods. A weak molecular complex (MeO)3B·NH3 has been previously reported to exist, and this species was isolated and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Aerosol conversions using (MeO)3B/MeOH, H3BO3/MeOH, and B2O3/MeOH solutions were also examined, and the results are briefly described.
The Fever: How Malaria Has Ruled Humankind for 500,000 Years (2011)

S. Shah New York, NY: Sarah Crichton Books, 2010, 320 pages, $26 Throughout human history, mankind has dealt with many deadly diseases. Although historians often focus on highly lethal diseases, such as smallpox, measles, and the plague, malaria has been equally devastating. This evasive
Simple unified control for packet and circuit networks (2009)

OpenFlow is proposed as an architectural platform and a unified control plane for packet and circuit networks, with the main goal of simplifying network control and management while fostering innovative change in them.
Structure and Magnetic Properties of Nd&lt;tex&gt;$_2$&lt;/tex&gt;Fe&lt;tex&gt;$_14$&lt;/tex&gt;B/Fe&lt;tex&gt;$_rm x$&lt;/tex&gt;B-Type Nanocomposites Prepared by Strip Casting (2004)

A series of isotropic nanocomposite permanent magnets composed of Nd/sub 2/Fe/sub 14/B (the majority phase) and Fe/sub 3/B and/or Fe/sub 23/B/sub 6/ are developed by converting phase formation behavior with partial replacement of Fe with Ti and B with C. The glass forming ability of the melt of the new series of alloys is great enough to allow application of the strip casting technique as the means of rapid solidification process. Powders exhibit excellent magnetic properties ranging from (B/sub r/,H/sub cJ/)=(0.88 T, 470 kA/m) to (0.80 T, 1010 kA/m), closely matching to the property range covered by the conventional isotropic Nd-Fe-B hard magnetic powders.
Anatomy of a versatile page reader (1992)

An experimental printed-page reader that is easy to adapt to various languages is described. Changing the target language may involve simultaneous changes in symbol sets, typefaces, sizes of text, page layouts, linguistic contexts, and imaging defects. The strategy has been to isolate the effects of these sources of variation within separate, independent engineering subsystems. In this way, it has been possible to construct, with a minimum of manual effort, classifiers for arbitrary combinations of symbols, typefaces, sizes, and imaging defects. An attempt has been made to rid the algorithms of all language-specific rules, relying instead on automatic learning from examples and generalized table-driven methods. For some tasks it has been feasible to avoid language dependency altogether. Linguistic context can be exploited through data-directed filtering algorithms in a uniform and modular manner, so that preexisting tools developed by computational linguistics can readily be applied. These principles are illustrated by trials on English, Swedish, Tibetan, and special technical texts.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Thickness dependence of magnetization structures in thin Permalloy rectangles (2002)

Abstract Zero-field magnetization states in Permalloy thin-film elements of rectangular shape are calculated by means of finite element micromagnetic modeling. The energies of several possible magnetization patterns are determined for different sizes and thicknesses of the specimen. Based on these data, a phase diagram of the lowest-energy configuration is set up for rectangles of edge lengths between 250 and 1000 nm. It is shown that a thickness- and size-dependent transition from quasi-homogeneous single-domain states to demagnetized flux-closure patterns occurs in that range. The regime of sizes and thickness of the phase diagram in which the lowest-energy configuration of the thin-film element is a single-domain state is particularly important, since in this case the sample is expected to show good stability with respect to thermal demagnetization, which is a required criterion to make it suitable for technological applications in magneto-electronic devices.
Retinal Slip Estimation and Object Tracking with an Active Event Camera (2020)

This paper presents a retinal slip estimation algorithm and a novel tracking strategy for active event-based cameras. Event-based sensors have independent, asynchronous pixels that report local luminance change. Unlike conventional image sensors, the event cameras have a high dynamic range and high temporal resolution. To preserve these advantages, we propose an algorithm that enables estimates of the normal component of the optical flow to be updated as spikes come in, eschewing the accumulation of events within a fixed temporal window. We also propose a method for integrating these normal flow estimates to estimate the retinal slip between the camera and object. We demonstrate the advantages of this asynchronous estimator of the retinal slip using an active event camera simulator (AESIM), which we developed to enable simulation of the active control of an event sensor in a dynamic environment.
O‐Sialylation with N‐Acetyl‐5‐N,4‐O‐Carbonyl‐Protected Thiosialoside Donors in Dichloromethane: Facile and Selective Cleavage of the Oxazolidinone Ring. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Comparison of Patient-Reported Outcomes in 5-Year Survivors Who Received Bone Marrow vs Peripheral Blood Unrelated Donor Transplantation (2016)

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00075816.
Decoupled Generation withAdditional Degree ofFreedom (2004)

Thepaper presents adjustable speed generation system witlh a newlydesigned andbuilt axialfluxshaftless and beanngless permanent magnet generator andpowerelectronic converter actinga asaumversal acpowersource. Speedofthe pnmemoverisadjusted tomeetloaddemandbyreal timeload measurement andcalculation. Thusthepowerelectronics converter decouples thegenerator andload andtheni rotation ofthe generator isnotrelated toelectncal powersystem stability. Sucha system hasanother degree offreedom related tospeed. The system iscontrolled byDSPprocessor andprovides highquality ofoutput power. Theresults oftests of40kVApowersystem driven byDiesel engine arerelated tosteady state operation and transients. Thesystem canoperate with100%asymmetncal load with anyimpact tothequality oftheoutput voltage. Oscillograms ofsteploadoperation confirm ability toaccept 20%stepload without anyvoltage distortion. Inzdex Terms- powergenieration, powerelectronics, decoupled control I.INTRODUJCTION
A protocol for the development of the STROCSS guideline: Strengthening the Reporting of Cohort Studies in Surgery (2017)

The work will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at national and international meetings. Findings will be disseminated to interested parties, and journals will be encouraged to endorse the reporting guidelines.
Locally Acquired Human Infection with Swine-Origin Influenza A(H3N2) Variant Virus, Australia, 2018 (2019)

In 2018, a 15-year-old female adolescent in Australia was infected with swine influenza A(H3N2) variant virus. The virus contained hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes derived from 1990s-like human seasonal viruses and internal protein genes from influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus, highlighting the potential risk that swine influenza A virus poses to human health in Australia.
Complexity of Strategic Behavior in Multi-Winner Elections (2008)

Although recent years have seen a surge of interest in the computational aspects of social choice, no specific attention has previously been devoted to elections with multiple winners, e.g., elections of an assembly or committee. In this paper, we characterize the worst-case complexity of manipulation and control in the context of four prominent multi-winner voting systems, under different formulations of the strategic agentâs goal.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of the Electrocardiogram in Stable Outpatients With Type 2 Diabetes (2020)

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background: </bold>The 2019 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines on diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) recommend an electrocardiogram (ECG) in patients with diabetes and hypertension or with suspected CVD, including heart failure (HF).<bold> </bold>The objective was to investigate whether ECG abnormalities can be used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of HF in patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D) in secondary care diabetes-clinics. <bold>Methods: </bold>A total of 722 patients with T2D in sinus rhythm were prospectively included. The ESC definition of HF with reduced and preserved ejection fraction (HFrEF and HFpEF) was used. An abnormal ECG was defined as having Q-waves, bundle-branch-block, left ventricular hypertrophy, or ST-T deviations. The composite endpoint was incident CVD and cardiovascular death.<bold>Results: </bold>Overall, 24% patients had ECG abnormalities. A total of 13% had HF (2.5% HFrEF and 11% HFpEF) whereof 51% had ECG abnormalities. A normal ECG had a 99.2% negative predictive value (NPV) of ruling out HFrEF. The ECG was less efficient in ruling out HFpEF (NPV of 92%). In a multivariable analysis, the hazard-ratio (HR) of incident cardiovascular disease or death in patients with HFrEF or HFpEF and a normal ECG compared to patients without HF was 1.88 [1.00-3.53], p=0.05, while an abnormal ECG increased the HR to 3.62 [2.18-6.00], p&lt;0.001.<bold>Conclusion: </bold>HFrEF was rare and HFpEF was frequent in this T2D population. A normal ECG could safely rule out HFrEF but not HFpEF. The ECG carried prognostic information and an abnormal ECG increased the HR for incident cardiovascular event or cardiovascular death.
Frequently Asked Questions about Gamma (1998)

www.poynton.com poynton@poynton.com In video, computer graphics and image processing the gamma symbol γ represents a numerical parameter that describes the nonlinearity of intensity reproduction. Having a good understanding of the theory and practice of gamma will enable you to get good results when you create, process and display pictures. This document is available on the Internet from Toronto at: I retain copyright to this note. You have permission to use it, but you may not publish it.
Theoretical analysis and quantitative measurements of fiber amplifier coherent combining on a remote surface through turbulence (2009)

Coherent beam combining of fiber amplifier arrays is an efficient way to overcome the physical limitations to fiber laser power scaling. Moreover, coherent combining techniques involving active phase control of the laser emitters offer the largest versatility, as they can also be used for complex purposes such as beam steering, wavefront shaping or atmospheric turbulence compensation. We reported last year the first experimental demonstration of coherent combining of fiber amplifiers on a remote scattering surface, after propagation through turbulent atmosphere, using the backscattered signal. These results were achieved with a frequency-tagging technique, and appropriate spatial filtering to lower sensitivity to backward turbulence, and compensate only for onward turbulent propagation. We present now experimental measurements of turbulence strength and resulting residual phase error. With turbulence compensation using the backscattered signal for phase control, this error is &lambda;/15 rms. We also present the theoretical analysis of this experiment, emphasizing how limiting the aperture and not the field of view of the phase difference measurement subsystem reduces sensitivity to backward turbulence, without decreasing the optical flux on the detector.
Ultrafast optical nonlinearities of plasmons in single gold nanorods (2005)

Excitation of plasmons in a metal nanoparticle leads to localization of electromagnetic fields within the particle, which is expected to result in strong optical nonlinearities. We study ultrafast nonlinearities in optical scattering from single gold nanorods under resonant excitation at the plasmon frequency, and observe changes of as much as 20% in the scattering cross section over the 20-fs laser pulse duration. Unexpectedly, the magnitude of the ultrafast nonlinearity is the same as that due to heating of conduction electrons in the metal.
The Selfish Grandma Gene: The Roles of the X-Chromosome and Paternity Uncertainty in the Evolution of Grandmothering Behavior and Longevity (2011)

When considering inclusive fitness, it is expected that individuals will provide more care towards those with whom they are more closely related. Thus, if a selfish X-linked genetic element influenced care giving, we would expect care giving to vary with X-relatedness. Recent studies have shown that X-chromosome inheritance patterns may influence selection of traits affecting behavior and life-history. Sexually antagonistic (SA) zygotic drive could encourage individuals to help those with whom they are more likely to share genetic material at the expense of other relatives. We reanalyze previously reported data in light of this new idea. We also evaluate the effects of paternity uncertainty on SA-zygotic drive. Our evidence suggests that human paternal discrepancy is relatively low. Using published models, we find the effects of paternal discrepancy do not override opportunity for selection based on X-relatedness. Based on these results, longevity and grandmothering behaviors, including favoritism, may be more heavily influenced by selection on the X-chromosome than by paternity uncertainty.
Kritaanjali: A Robotic Harmonium For Performance, Pedogogy And Research (2012)

In this paper, we introduce Kritaanjli, a robotic harmo-nium. Details concerning the design, construction, and use of Kritaanjli are discussed. After an examination of related work, quantitative research concerning the hardware chosen in the construction of the instrument is shown, as is a thor-ough exposition of the design process and use of CAD/CAM techniques in the design lifecycle of the instrument. Addi-tionally, avenues for future work and compositional prac-tices are focused upon, with particular emphasis placed on human/robot interaction, pedagogical techniques afforded by the robotic instrument, and compositional avenues made accessible through the use of Kritaanjli.
A single-chip fingerprint sensor and identifier (1999)

A chip architecture that integrates a fingerprint sensor and an identifier in a single chip is proposed. The fingerprint identifier is formed by an array of pixels, and each pixel contains a sensing element and a processing element. The sensing element senses capacitances formed by a finger surface to capture a fingerprint image. An identification is performed by the pixel-parallel processing of the pixels. The sensing element is built above the processing element in each pixel. The chip architecture realizes a wide-area sensor without a large increase of chip size and ensures high sensor sensitivity while maintaining a high image density. The sensing element is covered with a hard film to prevent physical and chemical degradation and surrounded by a ground wall to shield it. The wall is also exposed on the chip surface to protect against damage by electrostatic discharges from the finger contacting the chip. A 15/spl times/15 mm/sup 2/ single-chip fingerprint sensor/identifier LSI was fabricated using 0.5-/spl mu/m standard CMOS with the sensor process. The sensor area is 10.1/spl times/13.5 mm/sup 2/. The sensing and identification time is 102 ms with power consumption of 8.8 mW at 3.3 V. Five hundred tests confirmed a stranger-rejection rate of the chip of more than 99% and a user-rejection rate of less than 1%.
Impacts of Cattle on Streambanks in Northeastern Oregon (1983)

Impacts of a late season livestock grazing strategy on streambank erosion, morphology, and undercutting were studied for 2 years along Catherine Creek in northeastern Oregon. Streambank loss, disturbance, and undercutting were compared between grazing treatments, vegetation type, and stream-meander position. No significant differences were found among vegetation types or stream-meander location. Significantly greater streambank erosion and disturbance occurred in grazed areas than in exclosed areas during the 1978 and 1979 grazing periods. Over-winter erosion was not significantly different among treatments. However, erosion related to livestock grazing and trampling was enough to create significantly greater annual streambank losses when compared to ungrazed areas.
Malaria inflammation by xanthine oxidase‐produced reactive oxygen species (2019)

Malaria is a highly inflammatory disease caused by Plasmodium infection of host erythrocytes. However, the parasite does not induce inflammatory cytokine responses in macrophages in vitro and the source of inflammation in patients remains unclear. Here, we identify oxidative stress, which is common in malaria, as an effective trigger of the inflammatory activation of macrophages. We observed that extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by xanthine oxidase (XO), an enzyme upregulated during malaria, induce a strong inflammatory cytokine response in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages. In malaria patients, elevated plasma XO activity correlates with high levels of inflammatory cytokines and with the development of cerebral malaria. We found that incubation of macrophages with plasma from these patients can induce a XO-dependent inflammatory cytokine response, identifying a host factor as a trigger for inflammation in malaria. XO-produced ROS also increase the synthesis of pro-IL-1β, while the parasite activates caspase-1, providing the two necessary signals for the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. We propose that XO-produced ROS are a key factor for the trigger of inflammation during malaria.
Fusion of Inertial and Visual Measurements for RGB-D SLAM on Mobile Devices (2015)

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) algorithms have been recently deployed on mobile devices, where they can enable a broad range of novel applications. Nevertheless, pure visual SLAM is inherently weak at operating in environments with a reduced number of visual features. Indeed, even many recent proposals based on RGB-D sensors cannot handle properly such scenarios, as several steps of the algorithms are based on matching visual features. In this work we propose a framework suitable for mobile platforms to fuse pose estimations attained from visual and inertial measurements, with the aim of extending the range of scenarios addressable by mobile visual SLAM. The framework deploys an array of Kalman filters where the careful selection of the state variables and the preprocessing of the inertial sensor measurements result in a simple and effective data fusion process. We present qualitative and quantitative experiments to show the improved SLAM performance delivered by the proposed approach.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Resistance to an Irreversible Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Inhibitor in EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer Reveals Novel Treatment Strategies (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Resistance to an Irreversible Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Inhibitor in EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer Reveals Novel Treatment Strategies
Technologies towards terabit transmission systems (2010)

This tutorial reviews technologies towards terabit transport: Increase of bitrate per channel by higher symbol rate or higher number of bit per symbol, alternatively superchannel application consisting of non-overlapping or overlapping sub-channels contributing to increased spectral efficiency.