gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Renal vascular lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus. (1990)

In the past, necrotizing vasculitis has been considered to be one of the dominant intrarenal vascular abnormalities in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). To test the validity of this statement, 70 consecutive renal biopsies from patients with SLE were reviewed. Light microscopy (LM) and immunofluorescence (IF) studies documented abnormalities, including thrombosis and nephrosclerosis, in 30 patients (43 percent), but no cellular infiltration of the vessel walls or other evidence of acute necrotizing vasculitis was seen. It is concluded that while intrarenal vasculopathy with thrombosis and nephrosclerosis is a common finding in SLE, our data and recently published studies suggest that acute necrotizing vasculitis occurs rarely, if at all, in SLE nephritis.
An improved 24‐pulse rectifier for harmonic mitigation in more electric aircraft (2021)

Abstract To increase the power rating and reduce the cost and complexity of a multi‐pulse rectifier (MPR), it is well known that the pulse number must be increased. In some practical cases, a 12‐pulse rectifier (12PR) is suggested as a good solution considering its relatively simple structure and low weight. However, 12‐pulse rectifiers cannot technically meet the standards of harmonic distortion requirements for some industrial applications, and therefore they must be used along with output filters. Two cost‐effective 24‐pulse rectifiers (24PRs) are suggested in the article, which consist of a polygon autotransformer 12PR and two pulse doubling circuits (PDCs) at dc link. The first PDC (PDC1) is based on an inter‐phase transformer (IPT) with a step‐up secondary winding, and the second one (PDC2) is based on an IPT with a step‐down secondary winding. To show the advantages of the proposed combinations compared with other solutions, simulation results are used, and also a prototype is implemented to evaluate and verify the simulation results. The simulation and experimental test results show that the total harmonic distortion (%THD) of the input current for the 12PR with PDC1 is less than 3.67%, and the 12PR with PDC2 is less than 1.45%, which meets the IEEE 519 and DO‐160G requirements. Also, it is shown that in comparison with other solutions, the proposed two configurations are cost‐effective, power factor is near unity, rating is almost 29% of the load rating, and the efficiency is almost 97.5%, which makes them a practical solution for more electric aircraft.
Histamine H4 and H1 receptors contribute to postinflammatory visceral hypersensitivity (2014)

H4R and H1R antagonists dose-dependently reduce and even normalise postinflammatory visceral hypersensitivity via different underlying mechanisms but with a synergistic effect. Both receptor subtypes represent promising targets for the treatment of postinflammatory visceral hypersensitivity.
How to Have Outrageously Good Ideas (2021)

Presented on August 23, 2017 from 3:00 p.m.- 4:00 p.m. in the College of Computing, Room 016, Georgia Tech.
Application of Low Harmonic 18-Pulse Rectifier Power Supply for Radar Power System (2018)

Due to its low harmonic, high efficiency, and high power factor (PF), the multipulse autotransformer has been frequently used in the aviation sector. Many studies have been carried out on the theoretical calculation and simulation analysis of the autotransformer. However, the practical application of the multipulse rectifier in the practical engineering field is inevitable. This paper investigates an 18-pulse rectifier power supply of 11 kW being constructed using a multipulse autotransformer to suppress the harmonics of a radar power system, in which the parameters of the various parts are designed in detail, and test results are simulated using MATLAB/Simulink software. The actual test suggests that, at the rated condition, the PF of the rectifier is 0.99, the total harmonic distortion of the input current is below 6.7%, and the efficiency is more than 96%. The power supply is successfully applied to the radar power supply system of a large transport aircraft, and meets the requirements of an environmental test. Furthermore, the results also provide powerful application support for the power supplies and distribution systems in other fields.
A performance study of dynamic replication techniques in continuous media servers (2002)

The stringent requirements of multimedia applications make design of cost-effective and scalable systems difficult; thus, efficient adaptive and dynamic resource management techniques can be of great help in improving performance and scalability characteristics of such systems. In this paper we focus on threshold-based policies for dynamic resource management in the context of continuous media (CM) servers; we do this without any knowledge of data access patterns and with provisions for full use of VCR functionality. We propose a mathematical model of user behavior and show through a performance study, that not only does the use of this model in conjunction with dynamic resource management policies improves the system's performance but that it also facilitates significantly reduced sensitivity to changes in: (a) system architecture, (b) workload characteristics, (c) skewness of data access patterns, (d) frequency of changes in data access patterns, and (e) choice of threshold values. We believe that not only is this a desirable property for a CM server, in general, but that furthermore, it suggests the usefulness of these techniques across a wide range of continuous media applications.
Micro arc-plasma hybrids for detection of vapors at atmospheric pressure (2005)

Chemical sensors based on microdischarges - both arcs and plasmas $provide rapid and simultaneous detection of vapors by using their characteristic emission spectra in the plasma glow. Generally, D.C, microplasmas operate in vacuum while arcs exist at higher pressures. Arcs are driven by high transient currents and exhibit wider spectral distribution than plasmas, which are driven by steady currents that are smaller in magnitude. In this paper we report the controlled combination of these discharges and the combined use in ambient air to detect low concentrations of organic vapors. It is found that as the discharge gap is scaled to <75 mum, it becomes possible for a microplasma to exist at 1 atm. With appropriate powering circuitry, an arc can also exist under the same conditions. The relative strengths of the arc and plasma components can be controlled by the adjusting the value of a single resistor. The emission spectra of combined discharges have the spectral characteristics of both arc and plasma spectra. The utility of such a system to vapor sensing is demonstrated by detecting 17 ppm of acetone in air ambient with a 65 ms detection time, and without any pre-concentration. This is accomplished using pulses that consume 60 mJ/discharge, on a device that has an active area of 300 mum times 300 mum
Generalized Hamiltonian to describe imperfections in ion-light interaction (2020)

We derive a general Hamiltonian that governs the interaction between an $N$-ion chain and an externally controlled laser field, where the ion motion is quantized and the laser field is considered beyond the plane-wave approximation. This general form not only explicitly includes terms that are used to drive ion-ion entanglement, but also a series of unwanted terms that can lead to quantum gate infidelity. We demonstrate the power of our expressivity of the general Hamiltonian by singling out the effect of axial mode heating and confirm this experimentally. We discuss pathways forward in furthering the trapped-ion quantum computational quality, guiding hardware design decisions.
Do North-Facing BIPV Facades in Europe Make Sense? (2021)

In order to minimize unnecessary land exploitation and to allow PV to play a major role in the decarbonization of Europe, a massive deployment of PV in Europe should occur through the integration of PV in buildings and infrastructures, including the integration of PV on surfaces with a sub-optimal orientation. To assess the meaningfulness of installing PV on surfaces with sub-optimal orientations, we consider firstly the carbon intensity balances for PV. We show that for several cities (Milan, Frankfurt, La Valletta, …), it becomes obvious that a carbon intensity balance is largely in favor of PV not only for the optimal orientations, but also for less favorable ones: i.e. all the facades, including north-facing ones. For other cities/countries with a very low carbon footprint for the local electricity mixes (e.g. Oslo), the installation of PV may in principle not always be justifiable exclusively from a carbon balance point of view. We should however point out that in countries massively relying on nuclear power for their electricity supply – or planning nuclear phase-outs - other elements should be considered simultaneously. We also highlight the fact that installations in surfaces with less optimal orientations (e.g. north-facing facades) should possibly not be incentivized in the first place, but not expressly “prohibited” (or abandoned), as we have demonstrated that, in several countries, they are fully justifiable from the point of view of a carbon footprint balance. In addition, this may still help in promoting and creating “PV-awareness” among citizens and help architects in preserving building harmony/aesthetics.
Bone Marrow-Targeted Liposomal Carriers: A Feasibility Study in Nonhuman Primates (2009)

This finding increases the feasibility of using this bone marrow-specific drug-delivery system for clinical applications.
Three dimensional Monte Carlo code for photon migration through complex heterogeneous media including the adult human head (2002)

We describe a novel Monte Carlo code for photon migration through 3D media with spatially varying optical properties. The code is validated against analytic solutions of the photon diffusion equation for semi-infinite homogeneous media. The code is also cross-validated for photon migration through a slab with an absorbing heterogeneity. A demonstration of the utility of the code is provided by showing time-resolved photon migration through a human head. This code, known as 'tMCimg', is available on the web and can serve as a resource for solving the forward problem for complex 3D structural data obtained by MRI or CT.
Thermal stability of methacrylic acid copolymers of Eudragits L, S, and L30D and the acrylic acid polymer of carbopol (1999)

The thermal stability of the powder or film forms of Eudragits L, S, and L30D and carbopol polymers was qualitatively investigated by microscopic reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy equipped with differential scanning calorimetry (FT-IR/DSC microscopic system). DSC and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were also used to study the thermal behavior of the pulverized powders of the raw material and the films of these polymers. The results indicate that a 6-membered ring cyclic anhydride formation was respectively produced by a heating process in the molecular structures of Eudragits L, S, and L30D and carbopol polymers via inter- or intrapolymer condensation. The peak intensity of the carbonyl stretching absorption of cyclic anhydride-related IR peaks appeared sharply near 1801 and 1759 (1751) cm−1, and a peak near 1006 (1018) cm−1 related to the antisymmetric stretching mode of COC also appeared suddenly beyond the marked reaction temperature. The initial reaction temperature of anhydride formation for the Eudragits L, S, and L30D and carbopol polymers was observed respectively from near 186, 180, 170, and 100°C, whereas the rapid and marked reaction temperature from about 206, 188, 170, and 183°C appeared accurately from the reflectance FT-IR spectra. The DSC thermograms and TGA curves also confirmed these results. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 2061–2067, 1999
Mechanism and kinetics of reductive dechlorination of hexachlorobutadiene and hexachloroethane by bimetallic Pd/Fe microparticles using an indirect and continuous monitoring of iron corrosion (2022)

International audience
Transformations of penicillins. Part VI. Preparation and reactions of thiosulphonate S-esters derived from penicillin S-oxides (1974)

The sulphenic acids derived by heating penicillin sulphoxides react with arenesulphinic acids to form the corresponding arenethiosulphonate S-esters. These esters are themselves versatile derivatives and react with nucleophiles to form the corresponding sulphides, liberating the arenesulphinic acid. This two-step process greatly extends the range of substituents that can be introduced onto the penicillin sulphur atom after opening of the thiazolidine ring. A novel reaction was obtained with the thiosulphonate ester (2; R = Me) and sodium azide, which gave the symmetrical disulphide (6).
Interactions between virus-related factors and post-transplant ascites in patients with hepatitis C and no cirrhosis: role of cryoglobulinemia (2014)

Refractory ascites may appear in liver transplant recipients with recurrence of hepatitis C virus infection, even in the absence of advanced fibrosis. The mechanisms are unclear. The aim was to determine whether post-transplant cryoglobulinemia could be a predisposing factor for ascites in this population. Retrospective data of 82 liver transplant recipients with HCV recurrence surviving more than 1 year were collected. Cryoglobulinemia was systematically tested after transplantation. All patients had 1-year protocol biopsy with assessment of sinusoidal distension, perisinusoidal fibrosis, and centrolobular necrosis. Additional biopsies were performed when needed. Fourteen of 82 patients (17%) developed refractory ascites. When ascites appeared, fibrosis was stage F0-F1 in 36% and F2-F3 in 57%. Factors independently associated with post-transplant ascites were pretransplant refractory ascites (P = 0.001), fibrosis ≥stage 2 at 1 year (P = 0.002), perisinusoidal fibrosis at 1 year (P = 0.02), and positive cryoglobulinemia (P = 0.02). Patients with ascites had a significantly worse prognosis compared to those without ascites. Refractory ascites may occur in liver transplant recipients with HCV recurrence in the absence of advanced fibrosis. The finding that both positive cryoglobulinemia and perisinusoidal fibrosis at 1 year were significantly associated with ascites suggests that liver microangiopathy is involved in the mechanisms of HCV-related ascites.
Characterization of an aerodynamic lens for transmitting particles greater than 1 micrometer in diameter into the Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer (2013)

Abstract. We have designed and characterized a new inlet and aerodynamic lens for the Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) that transmits particles between 80 nm and more than 3 μm in vacuum aerodynamic diameter. The design of the inlet and lens was optimized with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of particle trajectories. Major changes include a redesigned critical orifice holder and valve assembly, addition of a relaxation chamber behind the critical orifice, and a higher lens operating pressure. The transmission efficiency of the new inlet and lens was characterized experimentally with size-selected particles. Experimental measurements are in good agreement with the calculated transmission efficiency.
An automatic measure for classifying clusters of suspected spikes into single cells versus multiunits (2009)

While automatic spike sorting has been investigated for decades, little attention has been allotted to consistent evaluation criteria that will automatically determine whether a cluster of spikes represents the activity of a single cell or a multiunit. Consequently, the main tool for evaluation has remained visual inspection by a human. This paper quantifies the visual inspection process. The results are well-defined criteria for evaluation, which are mainly based on visual features of the spike waveform, and an automatic adaptive algorithm that learns the classification by a given human and can apply similar visual characteristics for classification of new data. To evaluate the suggested criteria, we recorded the activity of 1652 units (single cells and multiunits) from the cerebrum of 12 human patients undergoing evaluation for epilepsy surgery requiring implantation of chronic intracranial depth electrodes. The proposed method performed similar to human classifiers and obtained significantly higher accuracy than two existing methods (three variants of each). Evaluation on two synthetic datasets is also provided. The criteria are suggested as a standard for evaluation of the quality of separation that will allow comparison between different studies. The proposed algorithm is suitable for real-time operation and as such may allow brain-computer interfaces to treat single cells differently than multiunits.
Dissolution Amplification by Resonance and Cavitational Stimulation at Ultrasonic and Megasonic Frequencies (2022)

Acoustic stimulation offers a green pathway for the extraction of valuable elements such as Si, Ca, and Mg via solubilization of minerals and industrial waste materials. Prior studies have focused on the use of ultrasonic frequencies (20–40 kHz) to stimulate dissolution, but megasonic frequencies (≥1 MHz) offer benefits such as matching of the resonance frequencies of solute particles and an increased frequency of cavitation events. Here, based on dissolution tests of a series of minerals, it is found that dissolution under resonance conditions produced dissolution enhancements between 4×-to-6× in Si-rich materials (obsidian, albite, and quartz). Cavitational collapse induced by ultrasonic stimulation was more effective for Ca- and Mg-rich carbonate precursors (calcite and dolomite), exhibiting a significant increase in the dissolution rate as the particle size was reduced (i.e. available surface area was increased), resulting in up to a 70× increase in the dissolution rate of calcite when compared to unstimulated dissolution for particles with d50 < 100 μm. Cavitational collapse induced by megasonic stimulation caused a greater dissolution enhancement than ultrasonic stimulation (1.5× vs 1.3×) for amorphous class F fly ash, despite its higher Si content because the hollow particle structure was susceptible to breakage by the rapid and high number of lower-energy megasonic cavitation events. These results are consistent with the cavitational collapse energy following a normal distribution of energy release, with more cavitation events possessing sufficient energy to break Ca–O and Mg–O bonds than Si–O bonds, the latter of which has a bond energy approximately double the others. The effectiveness of ultrasonic dissolution enhancement increased exponentially with decreasing stacking fault energy (i.e., resistance to the creation of surface faults such as pits and dislocations), while, in turn, the effectiveness of megasonic dissolution increased linearly with the stacking fault energy. These results give new insights into the use of acoustic frequency selections for accelerating elemental release from solutes by the use of acoustic perturbation.
WEB Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms: Feasibility, Complications, and 1-Month Safety Results with the WEB DL and WEB SL/SLS in the French Observatory (2015)

This comparative study shows increased use of WEB treatment in ruptured, small, and anterior communicating artery aneurysms when using WEB SL/SLS. There was a trend toward fewer thromboembolic complications with the WEB SL/SLS. With both the WEB DL and WEB SL/SLS, the treatment was safe, with low morbidity and no mortality.
Adding intelligent agents to existing EI frameworks (1999)

The global marketplace and the Internet have served as catalysts for enterprise integration (EI), both within a company and between a company and its suppliers and partners. EI software architectures, or frameworks, are often built on top of standard middleware and typically lack the ability to function in dynamic environments where flexibility, adaptability, and knowledge management are crucial. Furthermore, they do not scale well to wide-area enterprises that extend across organizational boundaries. These frameworks nevertheless offer a cost-effective basis for resource management, user coordination, knowledge exchange, and information extraction in a virtual enterprise. The paper considers how, by incorporating agents with their inherently distributed characteristics of autonomy, reasoning or intelligence, and goal-driven behavior, existing EI frameworks can be enhanced to support adaptive virtual enterprises.
Update on the treatment of metastatic clear cell and non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (2015)

The advent of new knowledge surrounding the molecular pathology of renal-cell carcinoma (RCC) has culminated in a number of emerging targeted therapies. In just the last year, several new studies have been able to translate our understanding of tumor biology into significantly improved outcomes in patients with advanced RCC. The objective of this review is to describe new developments in targeted treatments and immunotherapies for patients with both clear-cell and non-clear cell metastatic RCC following the 2014 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) annual conference. We will discuss new applications of anti-VGF agents and PD-1 inhibitors in order to shed light on emerging avenues of RCC treatment that show considerable promise.
Periodontal Repair in Dogs: Analysis of Histometric Assessments in the Supraalveolar Periodontal Defect Model (2004)

The results suggest that using the supraalveolar periodontal defect model representative histometric data can be obtained evaluating only the central section from each defect site.
TEXAS RURAL RAIL TRANSPORTATION DISTRICTS: CHARACTERISTICS AND CASE STUDIES (2002)

This report is an evaluation of the existing Rural Rail Transportation Districts (RRTDs) in Texas. RRTDs are subdivisions of Texas state government that have the power to purchase existing rail lines that may be threatened with abandonment, to purchase and operate existing rail lines, or to build new railroad and intermodal facilities. The report documents both the history of RRTD development and the current status of each individual RRTD through case studies and a listing of common characteristics held by RRTDs since they were first authorized in 1981. In general, the effectiveness of RRTDs has been limited due to a lack of state funding; however, a few RRTDs have been successful in obtaining state or federal grants that have allowed them limited success. The report also describes the history of district formation and the recent trends that have allowed districts more latitude to act as regional economic development tools rather than only as infrastructure preservation entities. Examples of best practices in both preservation and economic development type districts are presented.
A Computer Data Base for Information on Cancer Treatment (1987)

The Physician Data Query (PDQ) system is a clinically oriented computer data base developed to make recent information on cancer treatment widely available to the medical community. It represents an effort by the National Cancer Institute to promote diffusion of information about the treatment of cancer throughout the country, facilitate access to clinical trials, and accelerate the practical application of advances in research. The computer system provides information about state-of-the-art cancer treatment, which is updated monthly by an editorial board. It also includes a file of active cancer-research protocols and a directory of physicians and organizations providing cancer care to which physicians can gain access by geographic location as well as other features. PDQ was designed for physicians who may not be familiar with computers, to permit them to search for and display information without learning a specialized search language. PDQ uses a computer mainframe, which allows a large amount of data to be stored and made available to physicians rapidly and accurately. Transmission of information about cancer over commercial telecommunication networks gives health professionals access to PDQ by means of a computer terminal and local telephone lines.