gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two-component laser Doppler system with Pockels cell-first measurements in turbulent flows (1985)

This paper describes the results of a first application of a new two-component velocity-measuring method, reported by Bahnen and Koeller. Measurements of axial and radial velocities were performed in a turbulent methane diffusion flame at different heights and radii. Particular consideration is given to discrimination of the two measured flow velocity components from each other and to the range of application of the measurement method. Mean velocities and RMS values of axial and radial velocities are compared with measurements performed in the same flame using a conventional one-component system.
Single-domain magnetic pillar array of 35 nm diameter and 65 Gbits/in.2 density for ultrahigh density quantum magnetic storage (1994)

Using electron beam nanolithography and electroplating, arrays of Ni pillars on silicon that have a uniform diameter of 35 nm, a height of 120 nm, and a period of 100 nm were fabricated. The density of the pillar arrays is 65 Gbits/in.2—over two orders of magnitude greater than the state-of-the-art magnetic storage density. Because of their nanoscale size, shape anisotropy, and separation from each other, each Ni pillar is single domain with only two quantized perpendicular magnetization states: up and down. Each pillar can be used to store one bit of information, therefore such nanomagnetic pillar array storage offers a rather different paradigm than the conventional storage method. A quantum magnetic disk scheme that is based on uniformly embedding single-domain magnetic structures in a nonmagnetic disk is proposed.
Controlled Polymerization of β-Lactams Using Metal−Amido Complexes:  Synthesis of Block Copoly(β-peptides) (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTControlled Polymerization of β-Lactams Using Metal−Amido Complexes: Synthesis of Block Copoly(β-peptides)Jianjun Cheng and Timothy J. DemingView Author Information Departments of Materials and Chemistry University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, California 93106 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 38, 9457–9458Publication Date (Web):August 31, 2001Publication History Received20 April 2001Published online31 August 2001Published inissue 1 September 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja0110022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0110022rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1561Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Anionic polymerization,Living polymerization,Monomers,Polymerization,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Reconstruction of Raman Spectra Using Diffusive Light Propagation in 3D (2010)

Simulations were completed in order to determine the effect of the propagation of Raman signal through a rat tibia. Reconstructed data show a shift in the Raman Spectra of less than 1 nm as compared to original signal.
Autoreactive T cells from normal mice recognize mycobacterial 65 kd heat-shock protein from Mycobacterium bovis (1991)

We established a TCR V beta 6+ CD4+ autoreactive T cell line from lymph node cells of unprimed BALB/c mice bred in a specific pathogen-free condition. The T cell line proliferated in the presence of irradiated spleen cells expressing MHC class II I-Ad and/or I-Ed molecules. The proliferative response of the autoreactive T cell line was significantly enhanced in response to 65 kd heat-shock protein (hsp) from Mycobacterium bovis, a member of the hsp60 family, which is highly conserved in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Our results suggest that the autoreactive T cells in normal mice may recognize endogenous peptides of self-hsp60 bound to MHC class II gene products and are cross-reactive to mycobacterial 65 kd hsp. The autoreactive hsp-specific T cells may therefore play an important role in the immune surveillance against invasion of various pathogens and tumors by recognizing infected and transformed autologous cells that express high levels of endogenous hsp60.
Optical experiments beyond the quantum limit: Squeezing, entanglement, and teleportation (2003)

Results of experiments recently performed are reported, in which two optical parametric amplifiers were set up to generate two independently quadrature squeezed continuous wave laser beams. The transformation of quadrature squeezed states into polarization squeezed states and into states with spatial quantum correlations is demonstrated. By utilizing two squeezed laser beams, a polarization squeezed state exhibiting three simultaneously squeezed Stokes operator variances was generated. Continuous variable polarization entanglement was generated and the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox was observed. A pair of Stokes operators satisfied both the inseparability criterion and the conditional variance criterion. Values of 0.49 and 0.77, respectively, were observed, with entanglement requiring values below unity. The inseparability measure of the observed quadrature entanglement was 0.44. This value is sufficient for a demonstration of quantum teleportation, which is the next experimental goal of the authors.
[Synthesis, conformation and pharmacological effect of some stereoisomeric condensed 1,3-oxazine-4-ones. 44: Stereochemical studies; 22: Saturated heterocycles]. (1983)

It has been reported the synthesis, examination of the stereochemistry and biological effect of 2-substituted-cis-5,6-trimethylen-, cis- and trans-5,6-tetramethylene and -5,6-pentamethylene-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-1,3-oxazine-4-one derivatives. Primarily cis-isomers were synthetized because in the pharmacological test systems the trans isomers were less active. The compounds tested have an antiphlogistic effect of different intrinsic activity.
American Society of Transplantation Executive Summary on Pediatric Lung Transplantation (2006)

Lung transplantation in children poses distinctly different challenges from those seen in the adult population. This consensus statement reviews the experience in the field of pediatric lung transplantation and highlights areas that deserve further investigation.
One-Dimensional “Ghost Imaging” in Electron Microscopy of Inelastically Scattered Electrons (2023)

Entanglement and correlation are at the basis of quantum mechanics and have been used in optics to create a framework for “ghost imaging”. We propose that a similar scheme can be used in an electron microscope to exploit the correlation of electrons with the coincident detection of collective mode excitations in a sample. In this way, an image of the sample can be formed on an electron camera even if electrons never illuminated the region of interest directly. This concept, which can be regarded as the inverse of photon-induced near-field electron microscopy, can be used to probe delicate molecules with a resolution that is beyond the wavelength of the collective mode.
Increased microvascular permeability in canine endotoxic shock: protective effects of ibuprofen. (1988)

The ability of sodium ibuprofen to prevent endotoxin-induced changes in vascular permeability was examined in an anesthetized canine model. Ibuprofen was administered i.v. (3.75 mg/kg) in two pretreatment doses before the administration of Escherichia coli endotoxin (0.5 mg/kg). Serum and left thoracic duct lymph samples were collected for measurement of total protein and separation by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Four protein fractions with molecular weights (MW) ranging from 60,000 to 1,000,000 were consistently analyzed. Administration of endotoxin alone resulted in hypotension and was accompanied by an increase in microvascular permeability as evidenced by increases in lymph flow rate, protein flux, lymph/plasma protein ratio (L/P), and permeability-surface area product (PS). Pretreatment with ibuprofen attenuated the increase in permeability as reflected by significantly lower lymph flow rate, protein flux, L/P, and PS. Electrophoretic data illustrate partial to complete protection for all four MW fractions. These results suggest that endotoxin damages microvascular integrity and increases extravasation of macromolecules as great as 1,000,000 MW. This damage is attenuated significantly by pretreatment with ibuprofen.
The Role and Emerging Landscape of Data Pools in the Retail and Consumer Goods Industries (2008)

In terms of electronic collaboration, the value chains of the retail and consumer goods industries can be ranked among the most advanced. Recent studies have underlined the importance of product data alignment between retailers and their suppliers in the implementation of Efficient Consumer Response (ECR). This paper explores the multilateral exchange of product data in the retail supply chain using the Global Data Synchronization Network (GDSN). On the basis of a survey, it analyzes the role of data pools as well as the evolving landscape of B2B intermediaries in this area. It concludes that the Global Data Synchronization Network will lead to an increasing specialization of data pools in either mega pools or local specialists.
Supplementary Data from A Genome-Wide CRISPR Activation Screen Identifies PRRX2 as a Regulator of Enzalutamide Resistance in Prostate Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Data from A Genome-Wide CRISPR Activation Screen Identifies PRRX2 as a Regulator of Enzalutamide Resistance in Prostate Cancer
Acid‐catalyzed degradation mechanism of poly(phthalaldehyde): Unzipping reaction of chemical amplification resist (1997)

The acid-catalyzed degradation mechanism of chemical amplification resists based on end-capped poly(phthalaldehyde) has been elucidated by semi-empirical molecular orbital calculations. It is concluded that: (i) two different starting points exist in the degradation of end-capped poly(phthalaldehyde), the central part of the polymer as well as the polymer end; (ii) in both cases, after the first protonation, cationic hydroxyl compounds generated decompose to the identical cation intermediate, which can unzip itself to phthalaldehyde monomers successively (unzipping reaction); (iii) the hemiacetal type intermediates hardly degrade to the same intermediate without acid catalyst; (iv) the overall activation energy for the degradation reaction is less than 14 kcal/mol in all the cases. Thus, the poly(phthalaldehyde) resist can easily self-develop below 100°C, as reported in the literature. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Synthesis of Aromatic Nitriles Using Nonmetallic Cyano‐Group Sources (2012)

Aromatic nitriles are prepared efficiently through transition-metal-mediated cyanation of aryl (pseudo)halides with metallic cyano-group sources, such as CuCN, KCN, NaCN, Zn(CN)(2), TMSCN, or K(4) [Fe(CN)(6)]. However, this approach often suffers from drawbacks, such as the formation of stoichiometric amounts of metal waste, the poisoning of the metal catalysts, or the generation of toxic HCN gas. As a result, a range of "nonmetallic" organic cyano-group sources have been explored for the cyanation of aryl halides and arene C-H bonds. This Minireview summarizes types of nonmetallic cyano-group sources and their applications in the preparation of aryl nitriles.
Experimental verification of torque ripple calculation for induction and synchronous motor (2013)

In large capacity motor drives, torque ripple evaluation is important in order to prevent problems such as unexpected lifetime reduction caused by mechanical resonance with the load. However, enormous cost and time are necessary to measure torque ripple in large capacity motor drives. This paper discusses torque ripple calculation methods using electrical signals of a motor and then proposes an accurate calculation method. The experimental results with 400W induction motor and 2.2kW synchronous motor verified that the proposed method can accurately calculate torque ripple caused by harmonics such as inverter voltage distortion and motor spatial harmonics and is useful for torque ripple evaluation.
Performance Analysis of Bus-Based Interconnects for a Run-Time Reconfigurable Co-Processor Platform (2008)

Growing bandwidth of network connections as well as strong progress in network protocols and new applications require efficient and flexible network hardware. Network processors are applied for packet processing in routers and gateways. Unfortunately, deep-packet processing tasks lack the support of dedicated co-processors. Because of numerous time-consuming algorithms required, a dynamically re- configurable co-processor for network processors backing payload processing was proposed. It performs computationally intensive tasks without loss of flexibility. A crucial issue is the interconnect of such a system. Bus-based interconnects are explored utilising a software model of this co-processor to determine the performance impact of the on-chip interconnection on the overall performance of the co-processor. A single bus as well as a multiple bus system are evaluated. With regard to reconfiguration overhead, the simulation results show strength and weakness of both systems by latency, throughput, and packet buffer requirements.
Transfection of human lymphoblastoid cells with herpes simplex viral DNA. (1979)

The "calcium/dimethyl sulfoxide shock" method of transfection was adapted for use in human lymphoid cell cultures. One microgram of herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA regularly initiated virus replication in four lymphoblastoid cell lines. Per 10(5) cells exposed to 1 microgram of DNA, 0.5--5 cells formed an infectious center. The minimal infective dose of DNA was approximately 500 ng.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiviral Evaluation of α‐D‐2′‐3′‐Didehydro‐2′,3′‐dideoxy‐3′‐C‐hydroxymethyl Nucleosides. (2011)

Abstract Three title compounds such as (V) are prepared.
A new cavitation suppression technique for local ablation using high-intensity focused ultrasound (2002)

When soft tissues are coagulated instantaneously during a high temperature local heating therapy for cancer using high-intensity focused ultrasound, it is extremely important to have good control over the heated area. However, scattering of the ultrasonic energy by cavitation bubbles generated by sonication degrades the heating performance at the focal spot, and there is an undesirable rise in temperature along the ultrasonic path due to the absorption of ultrasonic energy. To overcome this problem, the authors developed a new method called Cavitation Suppression Technique (CAST) to promote cavitation collapse and remove gas bubbles by sweeping the driving frequency rapidly. In this study, best conditions for CAST were obtained by comparing the effect of cavitation suppression on various driving parameters. The cavitation suppression effect and control of the heating due to field overlap (near-field heating) during focus scanning were confirmed in in vitro and in vivo experiments.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Novel Pyrido[1,2‐e]purines on Multidrug Resistant Human MCF7 Cells. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fuzzy measures of preference and consensus in group decision-making (1977)

This paper utilizes a flat, convex set of fuzzy relations to provide a physically realistic and mathematically tractable model for small group decision theory. Measures of individual preference, group consensus, and distance to consensus are defined, and a number of theoretical results about them are given. Various decision-oriented goals are characterized, and the theory is illustrated numerically using data from a small group communication experiment.
Male‐to‐male transmission of Costello syndrome: G12S HRAS germline mutation inherited from a father with somatic mosaicism (2009)

Costello syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly syndrome associated with mental retardation and predisposition to benign and malignant tumors, caused by heterozygous missense mutations in the HRAS oncogene. Previously, all molecularly analyzed mutations appeared de novo, and most arose in the paternal germline. A single patient with somatic mosaicism for a Costello syndrome causing HRAS mutation has been reported. Here we describe the first documented transmission of an HRAS mutation from a parent with somatic mosaicism to a child with typical Costello syndrome. Prior to the identification of the underlying gene mutation in Costello syndrome, this family had been identified clinically. The proband was subsequently found to carry a G12S HRAS germline mutation. Testing of the parents for parental origin identified his father as mosaic for the same HRAS mutation. The mother was found not to carry an HRAS mutation. The causative familial mutation is identified as a c.34G > A, which is the most common mutation in the HRAS gene in patients with Costello syndrome. The father carries the mutation in 7-8% of his alleles. This is the second case of mosaicism observed in Costello syndrome and the first direct molecular evidence of father-to-son transmission of the disease-causing mutation. Our observation underlines the importance of parental evaluation, and may have implications for genetic counseling and clinical practice.
Synthesis and hydrogenation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-substituted diborenesviauncatalysed hydrogenative B–C bond cleavage (2022)

The classical route to the PMe<sub>3</sub>-stabilised polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-substituted diborenes B<sub>2</sub>Ar<sub>2</sub>(PMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> (Ar = 9-phenanthryl 7-Phen; Ar = 1-pyrenyl 7-Pyr) <i>via</i> the corresponding 1,2-diaryl-1,2-dimethoxydiborane(4) precursors, B<sub>2</sub>Ar<sub>2</sub>(OMe)<sub>2</sub>, is marred by the systematic decomposition of the latter to BAr(OMe)<sub>2</sub> during reaction workup. Calculations suggest this results from the absence of a second <i>ortho</i>-substituent on the boron-bound aryl rings, which enables their free rotation and exposes the B-B bond to nucleophilic attack. 7-Phen and 7-Pyr are obtained by the reduction of the corresponding 1,2-diaryl-1,2-dichlorodiborane precursors, B<sub>2</sub>Ar<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>(PMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, obtained from the SMe<sub>2</sub> adducts, which are synthesised by direct NMe<sub>2</sub>-Cl exchange at B<sub>2</sub>Ar<sub>2</sub>(NMe<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub> with (Me<sub>2</sub>S)BCl<sub>3</sub>. The low-lying π* molecular orbitals (MOs) located on the PAH substituents of 7-Phen and 7-Pyr intercalate between the B-B-based π and π* MOs, leading to a relatively small HOMO-LUMO gap of 3.20 and 2.72 eV, respectively. Under vacuum or at high temperature 7-Phen and 7-Pyr undergo intramolecular hydroarylation of the B[double bond, length as m-dash]B bond to yield 1,2-dihydronaphtho[1,8-<i>cd</i>][1,2]diborole derivatives. Hydrogenation of 7-Phen, 7-Pyr and their 9-anthryl and mesityl analogues III and II, respectively, results in all cases in splitting of the B-B bond and isolation of the monoboranes (Me<sub>3</sub>P)BArH<sub>2</sub>. NMR-spectroscopic monitoring of the reactions, solid-state structures of isolated reaction intermediates and computational mechanistic analyses show that the hydrogenation of the three PAH-substituted diborenes proceeds <i>via</i> a different pathway to that of the dimesityldiborene. Rather than occurring exclusively at the B-B bond, hydrogenation of 7-Ar and III proceeds <i>via</i> a hydroarylated intermediate, which undergoes one B-B bond-centered H<sub>2</sub> addition, followed by hydrogenation of the endocyclic B-C bond resulting from hydroarylation, making the latter effectively reversible.
High Sensitivity Luminescence Nanoparticle Assay for the Detection of Protein Aggregation (2011)

Nanoparticle assay utilizing time-resolved luminescence resonance energy transfer (TR-LRET) was developed for the detection of protein aggregation. This mix-and-measure nanoparticle assay is based on the competitive adsorption of the sample and the acceptor-labeled protein to donor europium(III) polystyrene particles. The protein aggregation was detected with the developed TR-LRET nanoparticle assay, UV240 absorbance and dynamic light scattering (DLS). All methods well equally detected the aggregation and aggregates, whose size ranged from single protein to more than 1000 nm aggregates. The developed method allowed the aggregation detection of the entire size range at more than 10,000 times lower concentration, 30 μg/L, compared to UV240 and DLS. The simple-to-use and sensitive nanoparticle assay with existing microtiter plate luminometric instrumentation can find use as a routine tool for protein aggregation studies in biochemical laboratories and for quality assessment of protein products in industry.
Integrated Image and Graphics Technologies (2004)

Integrated Image and Graphics Technologies attempts to enhance the access points to both introductory and advanced material in this area, and to facilitate the reader with a comprehensive reference for the study of integrated technologies, systems of image and graphics conveniently and effectively. This edited volume will provide a collection of fifteen contributed chapters by experts, containing tutorial articles and new material describing in a unified way, the basic concepts, theories, characteristic features of the technology and the integration of image and graphics technologies, with recent developments and significant applications
HLA-DRB1 and -DRB4 genes are differentially regulated at the transcriptional level. (1989)

The mechanism regulating the differential expression of DR beta 1 and DR beta 4 proteins on the surfaces of cultured EBV-transformed DR7 cell lines was investigated at the level of gene transcription. Steady-state levels of mRNA coding for DR7 beta 1 and DR beta 4 proteins were evaluated with the use of locus-specific oligonucleotide probes and relative transcriptional activity at the DR7B1 and DRB4 gene loci was measured with nuclear run-on transcription assays. Steady-state levels of DR7B1 mRNA were found to be three- to nine-fold higher than those of DRB4 in DR7,Dw7 cell lines, but no mature steady-state DRB4 mRNA was detectable in a DR7,Dw11 cell line which shows no detectable DR beta 4 protein. Run-on transcription assays performed with nuclei isolated from DR7,Dw7 cells showed a five-fold excess of DRB1 over DRB4 transcriptional activity, but, surprisingly, no difference in activity at the two DRB loci in nuclei isolated from DR7,Dw11 cells. Both DRB mRNA were quite stable as indicated by actinomycin D time course experiments. Thus the differential expression of the DR7 beta 1 and DR beta 4 proteins in the DR7,Dw7 cell lines arises at the level of mRNA production; the lack of detectable DR beta 4 protein in the DR7,Dw11 cell line, however, appears to be due to a different mechanism in which transcribed DRB4 sequences fail to be processed into mature mRNA molecules.