gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Role of Surgery in Non-Localized Neuroblastoma. Analysis of 59 Cases (1983)

The authors considered 59 stage III and IV neuroblastoma cases, which were observed from January 1967 to June 1979. 13 patients (13/59 = 22%) are surviving in complete remission 3 years after surgery: 9/20 (45%) with stage III and 4/39 (10%) with stage IV disease. The children subjected to complete surgical excision are all alive irregardless of age; the children who were not operated on or subjected to a biopsy, have all died. Of the 33 patients who underwent a reductive excision, 6 (all under 2 years of age) are in complete remission (18%). A better prognosis was found in those patients in whom the site of the primary tumor was at the mediastinal level. These data show the importance of the role of the surgeon in the multidisciplinary treatment of stage III and IV neuroblastomas; our experience is also favorable to the practice of second-look surgery.
Photodynamic therapy in dermatology with porfimer sodium and benzoporphyrin derivative: an update. (1994)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves the sequential administration of photosensitizing drugs and light for the treatment of diseased tissue. The first photosensitizer systematically evaluated for PDT was hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD). Porfimer sodium (Photofrin; manufactured by Lederle Parenterals, Carolina, Puerto Rico, under license from Quadra Logic Technologies, Inc, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada) is a chemically related photosensitizing agent. Preliminary trials suggest a role for PDT in the treatment of primary, recurrent, and metastatic nonmelanoma skin cancers. Both HPD and porfimer sodium appear to be limited by generalized cutaneous photosensitivity, which lasts up to 6 to 8 weeks after administration. Benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD verteporfin; BPD-Quadra Logic Technologies, Inc, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada) is a second-generation porphyrin that has shown promise in clinical studies as a safe and effective photosensitizer for PDT of non-melanoma cutaneous malignancies. Benzoporphyrin derivative is activated by a longer, more penetrating wavelength of light than is porfimer sodium, and has a shorter duration of cutaneous photosensitivity following systemic administration. The use of BPD for PDT of nononcologic conditions also had been studied. Recent trials have shown efficacy in the treatment of psoriasis by BPD-sensitized PDT using drug and light doses lower than those used for malignant tumors.
Parametric imaging of myocardial blood flow and viability using [15O]H2O and PET/CT (2011)

PET using [15O]H2O is a powerful tool for imaging coronary artery disease, being capable of quantifying myocardial blood flow and coronary flow reserve. Historically, its application in the clinic has remained limited due to technical and infrastructural difficulties and the lack of clinically useful images of myocardial blood flow. Recently, several of these difficulties have been overcome. This review provides a comparison of [15O]H2O with the other most widely used myocardial blood flow tracers, [13N]NH3 and 82Rb. In addition, an overview is given of tracer kinetic modeling of [15O]H2O data and of calculating parametric images of both myocardial blood flow and myocardial viability.
Viability of Bordetella pertussis in four suspending solutions at three temperatures (1994)

We studied the survival of Bordetella pertussis in four suspending solutions (Casamino Acids broth, deionized water, phosphate-buffered saline, and serum inositol), subjected to three storage temperatures (4, -20, and -70 degrees C) and two freezing methods (direct freezing and fast-freezing in an ethanol-dry-ice bath). Recovery rates were higher for longer periods for suspensions stored at -70 degrees C than those stored at -20 or 4 degrees C. Serum inositol showed the highest recovery rates for all experimental conditions, followed by Casamino Acids, deionized water, and phosphate-buffered saline. Cell viability was significantly reduced in phosphate-buffered saline suspensions fast-frozen before storage. These results identify optimal conditions for storing B. pertussis cells and are applicable to the collection, transport, and storage of aspirated nasopharyngeal samples for use in the laboratory diagnosis of pertussis.
Coupled Analysis and Assessment of a Surface Buoy and Umbilical System in Irregular Waves (2015)

A coupled 3-D finite element model of a buoy system including a surface buoy, an umbilical and a riser was developed to study the system’s global dynamic responses in sea states (irregular waves and currents) using commercially available software (such as WAMIT, RIMO, RIFLEX). The model is used for verification of the design of the system and determination/assessment of the limiting sea states based on the system’s performance and the design criteria. The limiting sea states are the sea states on a boundary curve of a sea state range (domain) within which all the system design criteria are met. The design criteria include the maximum tension, maximum compression and minimum bend radius for the umbilical, and the maximum tension, minimum bend radius and maximum angle relative to the axis of the bellmouth for the riser. The method has been used successfully for the verification of the design of a buoy system and the assessment of its global performance. It is confirmed that the design meets the project’s expectations and the system is fit-for-service.
Washing Processes for Disperse Particulate Systems – Process Spectrum and Aspects for the Process Choice (2004)

Abstract Washing of disperse solid systems is a widely used and complex operation. Since the washing step is mostly integrated into other process operations, it is subject to numerous demands exceeding by far the primary demands, like a good separation result and a low specific wash liquid demand. Because of the phenomenology and limits of different washing processes it is difficult to choose an appropriate washing process. Additionally, the acting transport mechanisms of some washing processes are not yet sufficiently understood. This work gives a broad overview of the existing washing processes, the numerous parameters, and the demands they have to meet. Based on a categorization of washing processes and the classification of these processes according to their macroscopic transport phenomena, an evaluation scheme has been developed which compares and assesses existing washing processes and shows their individual limits. The present work can be used as a rough guideline for the choice of an appropriate washing process.
Homogenous formation and quaternization of urea-functionalized imidazolyl silane and its immobilization on silica for surface-confined ionic liquid stationary phases (2014)

New strategy for surface modification of silica sphere was proposed on the basis of one-pot urea formation and quaternization of imidazole, resulting in sorbents of high tunability and controllable hydrophobicity.
Family History as a Risk Factor for Cardiac Arrest. (1998)

Approximately 300,000 people die suddenly each year in the United States. Coronary heart disease, which clusters in families, has been shown to be the most common underlying pathology. This case-control study examined whether family history is also a risk factor for cardiac arrest.

The study used data on …
Spatially- and temporally-adaptive communication protocols for zero-maintenance sensor networks relying on opportunistic energy scavenging (2012)

Wireless sensor networks allow scientists to gather data from remote, difficult to access, and dangerous locations. However, maintenance of aging networks and removal of obsolete or inactive nodes containing toxic materials is expensive and time consuming. Moreover, node lifespan is generally constrained by the reliability of the batteries used in most deployments, especially in the presence of extreme variation in environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity. We consider the problem of designing wireless sensor networks capable of indefinite deployment periods measured in decades, not months. We describe the architectural and capability implications of eliminating batteries from sensor networks and instead relying on opportunistic energy scavenging. Sensor nodes using ambient energy sources become temporarily active at unpredictable but possibly correlated times. In this paper, we use wind power as an example of such a power source, which we model using temporally and spatially correlated random processes. Such models can be built using historical measurements over a geographical range. We describe a method to use energy models in the design of latency-optimized and cost-constrained battery-less wireless sensor networks, and explain the required changes to network architecture, communication protocol, and node hardware. In the context of environmental monitoring applications, we compare the performance of a network designed and managed using our techniques with that of existing design styles.
ChemInform Abstract: THE USE OF TRANS‐METHYL β‐NITROACRYLATE IN DIELS‐ALDER REACTIONS (1978)

Abstract Diels‐Alder‐ Reaktion der Titelverbindung (I) mit dem Dien (II) gibt die 1:1‐Stereoisomerengemische der Ester (IIIa) [nachfolgende Behandlung mit H2SO4!THF ‐ (IIIc)]; (IIIa) bzw. (IIIc) werden in die Verbindungen (IV) übergeführt.
Excessive Neutrophil Activity in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Could It Contribute to the Development of Preeclampsia? (2018)

Gestational diabetes mellitus is a transient form of glucose intolerance occurring during pregnancy. Pregnancies affected by gestational diabetes mellitus are at risk for the development of preeclampsia, a severe life threatening condition, associated with significant feto-maternal morbidity and mortality. It is a risk factor for long-term health in women and their offspring. Pregnancy has been shown to be associated with a subliminal degree of neutrophil activation and tightly regulated generation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). This response is excessive in cases with preeclampsia, leading to the presence of large numbers of NETs in affected placentae. We have recently observed that circulatory neutrophils in cases with gestational diabetes mellitus similarly exhibit an excessive pro-NETotic phenotype, and pronounced placental presence, as detected by expression of neutrophil elastase. Furthermore, exogenous neutrophil elastase liberated by degranulating neutrophils was demonstrated to alter trophoblast physiology and glucose metabolism by interfering with key signal transduction components. In this review we examine whether additional evidence exists suggesting that altered neutrophil activity in gestational diabetes mellitus may contribute to the development of preeclampsia.
Effects of electrostatic discharge on three cryogenic temperature sensor models (2014)

Cryogenic temperature sensors are not usually thought of as electrostatic discharge (ESD) sensitive devices. However, the most common cryogenic thermometers in use today are thermally sensitive diodes or resistors - both electronic devices in their base form. As such, they are sensitive to ESD at some level above which either catastrophic or latent damage can occur. Instituting an ESD program for safe handling and installation of the sensor is costly and it is desirable to balance the risk of ESD damage against this cost. However, this risk cannot be evaluated without specific knowledge of the ESD vulnerability of the devices in question. This work examines three types of cryogenic temperature sensors for ESD sensitivity - silicon diodes, Cernox{trade mark, serif} resistors, and wire wound platinum resistors, all manufactured by Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. Testing was performed per TIA/EIA FOTP129 (Human Body Model). Damage was found to occur in the silicon diode sensors at discharge levels of 1,500 V. For Cernox{trade mark, serif} temperature sensors, damage was observed at 3,500 V. The platinum temperature sensors were not damaged by ESD exposure levels of 9,900 V. At the lower damage limit, both the silicon diode and the Cernox{trade mark, serif} temperature sensors showed relatively small calibration shifts of 1 to 3 K at room temperature. The diode sensors were stable with time and thermal cycling, but the long term stability of the Cernox{trade mark, serif} sensors was degraded. Catastrophic failure occurred at higher levels of ESD exposure.
Elaeocarpus sylvestris extract (ESE) inhibits inflammatory mediators and increases the efficacy of sulfasalazine in rheumatoid arthritis (2021)

Interest in plant-based therapeutic products for treatment of several autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is increasing as current RA medications and treatments are either very expensive or ineffective. We investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of Elaeocarpus sylvestris extract (ESE) and its therapeutic potential in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in the DBA/1 J mouse model and an in vitro model. In the in vitro assay, the effects of ESE and a combination of ESE + sulfasalazine (SLZN) on nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokine expression induced by lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 cells were confirmed. Furthermore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and real-time polymerase chain reactions were used to measure levels of RA-related inflammatory cytokines and biomarkers in serum and knee joints to evaluate the changes caused by co-administration of ESE and SLZN in our mouse CIA model. Micro-CT scans of knee joints were analyzed for all groups. ESE and the combination of ESE + SLZN downregulated the expression of lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokines in RAW264.7 cells. Also, combined ESE and SLZN treatment improved arthritis score, edema volume, and proinflammatory cytokine serum levels compared with the CIA group. In addition, chemokine expression was downregulated compared with the CIA group. These findings suggest that coadministration of ESE and SLZN can improve the efficacy of arthritis treatment with reduced side effects.
Reduced Complexity Sphere Decoding for Square QAM via a New Lattice Representation (2007)

Sphere decoding (SD) is a low complexity maximum likelihood (ML) detection algorithm, which has been adapted for different linear channels in digital communications. The complexity of SD has been shown to be exponential in some cases, and polynomial in others and under certain assumptions. The sphere radius and the number of nodes visited throughout the tree traversal search are the decisive factors for the complexity of the algorithm. The radius problem has been addressed and treated widely in the literature. In this paper, we propose a new structure for SD, which drastically reduces the overall complexity. The complexity is measured in terms of the floating point operations per second (FLOPS) and the number of nodes visited throughout the algorithm's tree search. This reduction in complexity is due to the ability of decoding the real and imaginary parts of every jointly detected symbol independently of each other, making use of the new lattice representation. We further show by simulations that the new approach achieves 80% reduction in the overall complexity compared to the conventional SD for a 2times2 system, and almost 50% reduction for the 4times4 and 6times6 cases, thus relaxing the requirements for hardware implementation.
Automatic generation of 3D models from real multisensor data (2008)

Abstract—The demand for the prevention of collateral damages in military operations requires methods of robust automatic identification of targets like vehicles especially during target ap-proach. This requires the development of sophisticated techniques for automatic and semi-automatic interpretation of sensor data. In particular, the pre-analysis of reconnaissance data is important for the human observers as well as for autonomous systems. A concept of generating a precise and up-to-date 3D model of a target will be proposed. The model is created from near-term laser range and infrared data gathered by reconnaissance in advance. It consists of the visible part of the object surface textured with measured infrared values. The model is evaluated by generating 2D templates for a correlation-based tracking system in an infrared image sequence of a complex scenario.
A paternally derived inverted duplication of distal 14q with a terminal 14q deletion (2005)

A girl presented with a phenotype including neonatal hypotonia, psychomotor retardation, mental retardation, short stature, and facial dysmorphism. She demonstrated common features of both 14q31-qter duplication and terminal 14q deletion. She had undergone surgery for patent ductus arteriosus and pyloric stenosis in infancy. Her karyotype was 46,XX,der(14) dup(14)(q32.3 q31.3)del(14)(q32.3). Molecular cytogenetic analysis showed a paternally derived 14q31.3-q32.3 duplication and a terminal 14q deletion and led to the correlations between a particular genotype and phenotype. This is the first description of a deletion and inverted duplication of 14q, and adds 14q to the growing list of the inverted duplication associated with a terminal deletion.
Feasibility and efficacy data from a ketogenic diet intervention in Alzheimer's disease (2017)

This pilot trial justifies KD studies in mild Alzheimer's disease.
Cell-Penetrating Peptides—Mechanisms of Cellular Uptake and Generation of Delivery Systems (2010)

The successful clinical application of nucleic acid-based therapeutic strategies has been limited by the poor delivery efficiency achieved by existing vectors. The development of alternative delivery systems for improved biological activity is, therefore, mandatory. Since the seminal observations two decades ago that the Tat protein, and derived peptides, can translocate across biological membranes, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been considered one of the most promising tools to improve non-invasive cellular delivery of therapeutic molecules. Despite extensive research on the use of CPPs for this purpose, the exact mechanisms underlying their cellular uptake and that of peptide conjugates remain controversial. Over the last years, our research group has been focused on the S4<sub>13</sub>-PV cell-penetrating peptide, a prototype of this class of peptides that results from the combination of 13-amino-acid cell penetrating sequence derived from the Dermaseptin S4 peptide with the SV40 large T antigen nuclear localization signal. By performing an extensive biophysical and biochemical characterization of this peptide and its analogs, we have gained important insights into the mechanisms governing the interaction of CPPs with cells and their translocation across biological membranes. More recently, we have started to explore this peptide for the intracellular delivery of nucleic acids (plasmid DNA, siRNA and oligonucleotides). In this review we discuss the current knowledge of the mechanisms responsible for the cellular uptake of cell-penetrating peptides, including the S4<sub>13</sub>-PV peptide, and the potential of peptide-based formulations to mediate nucleic acid delivery.
Tool and Phase recognition using contextual CNN features (2016)

A transfer learning method for generating features suitable for surgical tools and phase recognition from the ImageNet classification features [1] is proposed here. In addition, methods are developed for generating contextual features and combining them with time series analysis for final classification using multi-class random forest. The proposed pipeline is tested over the training and testing datasets of M2CAI16 challenges: tool and phase detection. Encouraging results are obtained by leave-one-out cross validation evaluation on the training dataset.
Low-complexity multiuser detection for uplink large-scale MIMO (2014)

In this paper, an iterative multiuser detector is proposed for uplink large-scale Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO). It is developed based on the Generalized Approximate Message Passing (GAMP) algorithm, and its convergence properties are analyzed by a one-dimensional iteration termed as State Evolution (SE). The SE analysis proves that the complexity of the GAMP detector (GAMPd) is one order of magnitude smaller than that of the Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) detector. Simulation results show the GAMPd performs similarly to MMSE at least, and even outperforms the latter when the number of BS antennas is not much larger than the number of users. In addition, the GAMPd with matrix-vector multiplications is suitable for hardware implementation.
Network Virtualisation for Transparent Testing and Experimentation of Distributed Applications (2006)

Popular network simulation tools, such as ns-2, are useful for undertaking experiments with emerging networking technologies. As networked applications become distributed at scales comparable to the Internet, such as peer-to-peer applications, testing and experimentation becomes increasingly difficult and important. With this paper, we are introducing an elaborate extension to existing simulation capabilities by allowing realistic highly distributed application prototypes to be attached to a simulator for transparent testing and experimentation. We enable developers to focus on building their applications rather than detailing simulation scripts. Testing can then be performed in a natural setting. PDNS is a parallel and distributed version of the commonly used ns-2 simulation package. We describe our extensions to the PDNS simulator which allow real application prototypes to be run across a simulated network. We describe our use of virtualisation as a means for sending an application's network traffic through the simulator. Our implementation allows for large scale simulations with thousands of real peers and hundreds of thousands of simulated nodes in a network, thus we can test real peer-to-peer software at large scales.
Wideband frequency response measurement of photodetectors using optical heterodyne detection technique (1986)

A novel wideband frequency-response measurement system for photodetectors is demonstrated using the optical heterodyne detection technique. By sweeping the frequency difference of two DFB-LDs with temperature control, a 3 dB bandwidth of 18 GHz of an InGaAs PIN photodiode has been successfully measured.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐ and Nickel‐Catalysis in SN2′‐ and SN2‐Regioselective Allylation of Organozinc Reagents. (1989)

Abstract The allylic chlorides (I) are coupled with the organozinc chlorides (II) in the presence of a copper(I) catalyst, yielding the rearranged substitution products (III), together with only minor amounts of the normal SN 2 products (IV).