gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reducing the Carbon Footprint of Bituminous Composites Using Amine-Impregnated Zeolite (2022)

Moisture damage in bituminous composites is a major concern, reducing the service life of infrastructures. The use of lime and amine-based additives to mitigate the damage has been practiced in the industry. Lime production is an inherently carbon-intensive process involving large quantities of CO2 emissions. Amine-based additives lose their effectiveness over time when exposed to weathering and UV irradiation. Inspired by the technology of amine-functionalized porous materials, here, we study the merits of using amine-impregnated zeolite in bituminous composites to protect amines from weathering and UV. We hypothesize that some of the ethylenediamine molecules loaded into the zeolite’s pores are gradually released into the matrix of bitumen, with the protection in the zeolite’s pores allowing the ethylenediamine molecules to maintain their effectiveness as antistripping agents until their release. Our laboratory experiments used the moisture-induced shear-thinning index to compare the moisture resistance of samples with amine-impregnated zeolite to samples with amines and zeolite added separately. Initially (before aging), the samples with amines and zeolite added separately have higher resistance to moisture damage compared to amine-impregnated zeolite (in which 52% of the total amines are retained in the zeolite). The superior performance of amine-impregnated zeolite is shown after short-term laboratory aging. After short-term aging and throughout long-term aging in the laboratory, the comparative resistance to moisture damage increasingly favored the amine-impregnated zeolite owing to the slow release of retained amines under an external stimulus induced by aging. This slow release of retained amines extends the effectiveness of the amines as the amines retained within zeolite pores are protected from early aging. Our quantum-based calculations using density functional theory (DFT) show that some small polar compounds of bitumen take advantage of stronger interactions with zeolite’s active sites to substitute for amine molecules; this could be a driving force for the gradual release of amine molecules from zeolite to the bitumen matrix. Our DFT studies on seven polar compounds of bitumen (quinoline, pyridine, benzofuran, benzoic acid, hexanal, 3-pentylthiophene, and hexanethiol) show that many of these compounds have stronger interactions with the zeolite model, particularly in the exterior walls of the intact sodalite cage ({111} face) and supercage-window sites, leading to deliver the loaded substance (ethylenediamine) into the medium. In contrast, amine molecules grafted onto the active sites of the broken sodalite cage ({100} cut) benefit from many H-bonding interactions at this active site, so these amine molecules are not easily substituted or released into the bitumen matrix.
Above-Threshold Analysis of Large-Area, High-Power, Vertically-Emitting Circular Bragg Lasers (2009)

An exact energy relation is derived for the vertically-emitting circular Bragg lasers. By including gain saturation effects, the modal pump level and energy conversion efficiency are compared between different types of lasers in above-threshold operation.
A molecular genetic study of the variations in metabolic function during schistosome development (1995)

During their complex life cycle schistosomes alternate between the use of stored glycogen and reliance on host glucose to provide for their energy needs. In addition, there is dramatic variation between the relative contribution of aerobic versus anaerobic glucose metabolism during development. We have cloned a set of representative cDNAs that encode proteins involved in glucose uptake, glycolysis, Kreb's cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. The different cDNAs were used as probes to examine the expression of glucose metabolism genes during the schistosome life cycle. Steady state mRNA levels from whole cercariae, isolated cercarial tails, schistosomula and adult worms were analysed on Northern blots and dot blots which were quantified using storage phosphor technology. These studies reveal: (1) Transcripts encoding glycogen metabolic enzymes are expressed to much higher levels in cercarial tails than whole cercariae or schistosomula while the opposite pattern is found for glucose transporters and hexokinase transcripts; (2) Schistosomula contain low levels of transcripts encoding respiratory enzymes but regain the capacity for aerobic glucose metabolism as they mature to adulthood; (3) Male and female adults contain similar levels of the different transcripts involved in glucose metabolism.
A Simplified Procedure to Reconstitute Hair-Producing Skin (2010)

One of the major objectives of tissue engineering is to reconstitute skin from stem cells. This requires multipotent skin stem cells and the ability to guide these cells to form a piece of skin with proper architecture and skin appendages. Based on previous progress, we develop a simplified procedure that can be useful for large-scale screening of factors that can modulate the hair formation ability of candidate cells. Newborn mouse cells are used. Dissociated epidermal and dermal cells in high-density suspension are allowed to reconstitute in vitro to generate its own matrix, or seeded into a scaffold-like matrix already used clinically. These cells self-organize and form a reconstituted skin with proper proportions and topological organization of different components. Large numbers of hair follicles form. The cellular and molecular events are characterized, showing a distinct but parallel morphogenetic process compared to those occurring in embryonic development. The formed hair follicles can cycle and regenerate and the reconstituted skin can heal after injury. The skins are in good condition 1 year after transplant. This procedure enables flexible size and shape of the reconstituted skin, so clinical applications can be envisioned for the future when large numbers of multipotential skin stem cells become available.
Quaternary Ammonium Borodisalicylates and Borodihydroxynaphthoates (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuaternary Ammonium Borodisalicylates and BorodihydroxynaphthoatesSidney D. Ross, Manuel Finkelstein, and Raymond C. PetersenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 8, 2852–2854Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01019a517https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01019a517research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
5,6-Dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic Acid–TiO2 Charge Transfer Complexes in the Radical Polymerization of Melanogenic Precursor(s) (2016)

A combination of biomedical and technological applications is generating, over the past decades, the well-established interest toward melanins and melanogenesis. Several compounds have been explored to promote/catalyze oxidative polymerization of melanogenic precursors, such as 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA), to melanin-like biopolymers in vitro. TiO2 has shown a photocatalytic activity driving DHICA polymerization and leading to the formation of melanin–TiO2 hybrid nanostructures with unique biocide behavior even under visible light. However, the mechanism of melanin formation in those hybrids is not yet well understood although a ligand to metal charge transfer (LMCT) process involving DHICA and Ti4+ ions was hypothesized. Here, we focus on melanin formation and apply a complementary analysis, by using photoluminescence (PL), UV–vis, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to reveal the mechanism of DHICA polymerization in the presence of a TiO2-sol. This study discloses TiO2 potentialities to drive and template DHICA polymerization to melanin via LMCT-based photo-oxidative process.
Bisulfite Amplicon Sequencing Can Detect Glia and Neuron Cell-Free DNA in Blood Plasma (2021)

Sampling the live brain is difficult and dangerous, and withdrawing cerebrospinal fluid is uncomfortable and frightening to the subject, so new sources of real-time analysis are constantly sought. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) derived from glia and neurons offers the potential for wide-ranging neurological disease diagnosis and monitoring. However, new laboratory and bioinformatic strategies are needed. DNA methylation patterns on individual cfDNA fragments can be used to ascribe their cell-of-origin. Here we describe bisulfite sequencing assays and bioinformatic processing methods to identify cfDNA derived from glia and neurons. In proof-of-concept experiments, we describe the presence of both glia- and neuron-cfDNA in the blood plasma of human subjects following mild trauma. This detection of glia- and neuron-cfDNA represents a significant step forward in the translation of liquid biopsies for neurological diseases.
MAVS Dimer Is a Crucial Signaling Component of Innate Immunity and the Target of Hepatitis C Virus NS3/4A Protease (2008)

The mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) protein plays a central role in innate antiviral immunity. Upon recognition of a virus, intracellular receptors of the RIG-I-like helicase family interact with MAVS to trigger a signaling cascade. In this study, we investigate the requirement of the MAVS structure for enabling its signaling by structure-function analyses and resonance energy transfer approaches in live cells. We now report the essential role of the MAVS oligomer in signal transduction and map the transmembrane domain as the main determinant of dimerization. A combination of mutagenesis and computational methods identified a cluster of residues making favorable van der Waals interactions at the MAVS dimer interface. We also correlated the activation of IRF3 and NF-kappaB with MAVS oligomerization rather than its mitochondrial localization. Finally, we demonstrated that MAVS oligomerization is disrupted upon expression of HCV NS3/4A protease, suggesting a mechanism for the loss of antiviral signaling. Altogether, our data suggest that the MAVS oligomer is essential in the formation of a multiprotein membrane-associated signaling complex and enables downstream activation of IRF3 and NF-kappaB in antiviral innate immunity.
Metabolic networks for nitrogen utilization in Prevotella ruminicola 23 (2017)

Nitrogen metabolism in gut systems remains poorly studied in spite of its importance for microbial growth and its implications for the metabolism of the host. Prevotella spp. are the most predominant bacteria detected in the rumen, but their presence has also been related to health and disease states in the human gut and oral cavity. To explore the metabolic networks for nitrogen assimilation in this bacterium, changes in gene expression profiles in response to variations in the available nitrogen source and to different concentrations of ammonium were analyzed by microarray and reverse transcription quantitative PCR, and linked with function by further proteomic analysis. The observed patterns of transcript abundances for genes involved in ammonium assimilation differed from the classical "enteric paradigm" for nitrogen utilization. Expression of genes encoding high substrate affinity nitrogen assimilation enzymes (GS-GOGAT system) was similar in growth-limiting and non-limiting nitrogen concentrations in P. ruminicola 23, whereas E. coli and Salmonella spp. responses to excess nitrogen involve only low substrate affinity enzymes. This versatile behavior might be a key feature for ecological success in habitats such as the rumen and human colon where nitrogen is rarely limiting for growth, and might be linked to previously reported Prevotella spp. population imbalances relative to other bacterial species in gut systems.
DNA methylation adduct formation and H-ras gene mutations in progression of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine-induced bladder tumors caused by a single exposure to N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (1994)

After receiving 500 p.p.m. N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN) in their drinking water for an initial 10 weeks, rats were given a single i.p. injection of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) at a dose of 50 mg/kg body wt at week 20 (at a stage when bladder tumor development had already occurred), and then maintained until they were killed at week 40. Three and six hours after the MNU injection, the DNA methylation adducts, O6-methyldeoxyguanine (O6-medG) and 7-methyldeoxyguanine (7-medG), were immunohistochemically revealed to be markedly more frequent in urothelial preneoplasias or neoplasias than in normal cells. These adducts were rapidly repaired, and although 7-dmeG in tumor cells still persisted after 72 h, they appeared essentially to have returned to normal levels. At the termination, conversion of transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) to squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the urinary bladder was significantly increased in the BBN+MNU group. The extent of invasion was also significantly greater with the additional MNU treatment. Expression of p21 protein, detected by immunohistochemistry, was comparable between the groups. Mutations in the H-ras gene were observed in one case each of the BBN and BBN+MNU groups, and both cases showed a G:C to A:T transition at codon 12. The present study thus suggested that while an additional single treatment with MNU of rats bearing BBN-induced bladder neoplasias is associated with significant, possibly mutation-dependent tumor progression, H-ras mutations are not necessary events.
Pulsed field electrophoresis (1988)

Abstract Pulsed field electrophoresis, or PFE, provides good separation between large molecules that under constant field electrophoresis are hard to isolate. This is due to the weak dependence of the constant field mobility on the molecular weight for these large molecules. If a spectrum of relaxation times exists that describes the recovery of the mobility to its constant field value after a reversal of the field, then we show that molecules with differing molecular weights are separated into two groups. Those with short relaxation times are unaffected by the cycling of the field and those with long relaxation times exhibit reduced mobilities. If the molecules adopt conformations that decrease their mobility initially, after a field reversal we demonstrate that a minimum develops in the mobility as a junction of the relaxation time. Using the model we demonstrate that effects of varying the switching times as a function of time. We predict that exponential rather than linear dependencies of the switching times on time increase the range of molecular weights over which enhanced separation can occur.
Prioritizing the needs of children in a changing climate (2018)

In a Perspective, Lawrence Stanberry and colleagues discuss impacts of climate change on children.
Data from Effects of Siltuximab on the IL-6–Induced Signaling Pathway in Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; To explore potential therapeutic strategies for interrupting the interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling pathway, we measured IL-6 expression in ovarian cancer tissues, and evaluated the effects of a monoclonal anti-IL-6 antibody; siltuximab (CNTO 328), on levels of IL-6–induced Stat3 phosphorylation, Stat3 nuclear translocation, and Stat3 downstream antiapoptotic genes. We then looked for enhancing paclitaxel sensitivity in multidrug-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Expressions of IL-6 in ovarian cancer patient specimens were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Effects of siltuximab on IL-6–induced activation of Stat3 in an ovarian cancer cell line were determined by Western blot and real-time analysis of Stat3 nucleocytoplasmic translocation. Influence of combination of siltuximab and paclitaxel on tumor growth was evaluated in a xenograft mouse mode &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Metastatic and drug-resistant recurrent tumors have significantly higher IL-6 expression when compared with the matched primary tumors. Siltuximab specifically suppressed IL-6–induced Stat3 phosphorylation and Stat3 nuclear translocation. Treatment with siltuximab significantly decreased the levels of Stat3 downstream proteins such as MCL-1, Bcl-X&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, and survivin. Treatment with siltuximab reduced expression of multiple IL-6–induced genes in these cell lines. Furthermore, siltuximab increased the cytotoxic effects of paclitaxel in a paclitaxel resistant ovarian cancer cell line &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;, but combination therapy with siltuximab did not have a significant effect on paclitaxel resistant tumor growth &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; These results show that siltuximab effectively block the IL-6 signaling pathways and IL-6–induced gene expression. Blockage of IL-6 signaling may provide benefits for the treatment of ovarian cancer. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 16(23); 5759–69. ©2010 AACR.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Comment on “Solvent Effect on the Electronic Spectra of Azine Dyes under Alkaline Condition” (2009)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommentNEXTComment on "Solvent Effect on the Electronic Spectra of Azine Dyes under Alkaline Condition"Andrew Mills*†, David Hazafy†, John A. Parkinson†, Tell Tuttle†, and Michael G. Hutchings‡View Author Information WestCHEM Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K., and DyStar UK Ltd., Akcros Site, Lankro Way, Eccles, Manchester M30 0BH, U.K.* Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]†WestCHEM Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde.‡DyStar UK Ltd.Cite this: J. Phys. Chem. A 2009, 113, 34, 9575–9576Publication Date (Web):July 28, 2009Publication History Received3 April 2009Published online28 July 2009Published inissue 27 August 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jp9030927https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9030927article-commentaryACS PublicationsCopyright © 2009 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views658Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (156 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Adducts,Aromatic compounds,Dyes and pigments,Hydrocarbons,Solution chemistry Get e-Alerts
Thermal annealing of blended-layer organic light-emitting diodes (2005)

The effects of thermal annealing on the electro-optical and morphological properties of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) containing a blend of poly[2-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-5-methoxy-1, 4-phenylenevinylene] and an electron-transporting material, 2,7-bis[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-9,9-dihexylfluorene (DFD) are reported. Improvements in the efficiency were found to depend on the composition of the blend film. Devices with a higher concentration of the electron-transport material showed a smaller increase in efficiency following the annealing step. The thermal treatment is thought to result in the formation of an interfacial layer between the organic film and the aluminum cathode, improving the injection of electrons from this electrode. Blended-layer OLEDs containing a high DFD concentration (⩾70%) retained their emission color following thermal processing.
Synchronised output regulation of leader-following heterogeneous networked systems via error feedback (2014)

A dynamic error feedback controller is presented for the synchronised output regulation (SOR) of leader-following heterogeneous linear networked systems. The nodes in the networked systems are divided into two kinds: the leader node accessible to the regulated error and the following nodes inaccessible to the regulated error but accessible to the relative output errors with respect to their neighbouring nodes. By using the small-gain theorem, a sufficient criterion for the SOR problem is developed for more general networks. This criterion can be regarded as imposing an additional H∞ constraint on the classical output regulation problem. The synthesis problem is then addressed by means of linear matrix inequality technique. The efficacy of the analytic results is illustrated by simulation examples.
Block wavelet transform coding of images using classified vector quantization (1995)

A new coding scheme for image compression using classified two-channel conjugate vector quantization (TCCVQ) of the wavelet coefficients is proposed. This scheme exploits residual correlation among different layers of the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) domain and thereby improves the encoding efficiency by taking advantage of the DWT and TCCVQ, which requires less computational complexity and less storage (memory). In this scheme, DWT coefficients are rearranged to form the small blocks, which are composed of the corresponding coefficients from all subbands. The block matrices, then, are classified and further divided into subvectors depending on the DWT coefficient statistics as this allows efficient distribution of bits. Simulation results show that the reconstructed images preserve fine and pleasant qualities based on both subjective and mean square error criteria at a bit rate of 0.3 bit/pel (bpp).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>