gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metastability and avalanche dynamics in strongly correlated gases with long-range interactions (2018)

We experimentally study the stability of a bosonic Mott insulator against the formation of a density wave induced by long-range interactions and characterize the intrinsic dynamics between these two states. The Mott insulator is created in a quantum degenerate gas of 87-Rubidium atoms, trapped in a 3D optical lattice. The gas is located inside and globally coupled to an optical cavity. This causes interactions of global range, mediated by photons dispersively scattered between a transverse lattice and the cavity. The scattering comes with an atomic density modulation, which is measured by the photon flux leaking from the cavity. We initialize the system in a Mott-insulating state and then rapidly increase the global coupling strength. We observe that the system falls into either of two distinct final states. One is characterized by a low photon flux, signaling a Mott insulator, and the other is characterized by a high photon flux, which we associate with a density wave. Ramping the global coupling slowly, we observe a hysteresis loop between the two states-a further signature of metastability. A comparison with a theoretical model confirms that the metastability originates in the competition between short- and global-range interactions. From the increasing photon flux monitored during the switching process, we find that several thousand atoms tunnel to a neighboring site on the timescale of the single-particle dynamics. We argue that a density modulation, initially forming in the compressible surface of the trapped gas, triggers an avalanche tunneling process in the Mott-insulating region.
Parallel Direct Domain Decomposition Methods (D3M) for Finite Elements (2020)

A parallel direct solution approach based on domain decomposition method (DDM) and directed acyclic graph (DAG) scheduling is outlined. Computations are represented as a sequence of small tasks that operate on domains of DDM or dense matrix blocks of a reduced matrix. These tasks can be statically scheduled for parallel execution using their DAG dependencies and weights that depend on estimates of computation and communication costs. Performance comparison with MUMPS 5.1.2 on electrically large problems suggest up to 20% better parallel efficiency, 30% less memory and slightly faster in run-time, while maintaining the same accuracy.
Facile In-Tube-Center Packaging of Flexible Airflow Rate Microsensor for Simultaneous Respiration and Heartbeat Measurement (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Respiration and heartbeat are among the important vital signs of living beings. Taking advantage of the physical attachment of lung and heart, measurements of both can be performed simultaneously using airflow rate microsensors to measure the respiration airflow. For such airflow rate sensors, the packaging is crucial to define and encapsulate the airflow region. In this study, we propose a facile packaging technique for flexible airflow rate microsensor. The thermal calorimetric sensing structure was fabricated through a standard microfabrication technology on a thin polyimide film. The film was packaged at the center of a resin tube utilizing its buckling. We also proposed an approach to improve the time response by limiting the thermal capacity around the sensing structure through the implementation of a thin substrate for the sensing structure supported by a thicker film. The strategy successfully improved both the time response and sensitivity of the airflow rate sensor. Finally, the utilization of the sensor for simultaneous respiration and heartbeat measurement was demonstrated through an animal experiment using a small animal, namely rat.&lt;/p&gt;
Micronutrients as adjunct therapy of acute illness in children: impact on the episode outcome and policy implications of current findings (2001)

Role of micronutrients namely vitamin A, zinc and folate, as adjunct therapy of illness episodes in children in developing countries have been discussed in the light of health policy. Apart from a selective review, attempts have been made to statistically combine results of several studies to address policy issues. In children, vitamin A supplementation during illness has (a) a profound effect in reducing mortality in measles, (b) possibly a significant effect in reducing persistent diarrhea episodes in children with acute diarrhea, and (c) no benefit in pneumonia. Use of large dose vitamin A is recommended during measles episodes but not in non-measles pneumonia. Its use in acute diarrhea is debatable but recommended in persistent diarrhea and in severe malnutrition as a component of a micronutrient mixture. Large dose vitamin A supplementation should be used with caution in young infants as there are unresolved concerns about its safety particularly, bulging fontanelle observed in infants when co-administered at immunization. In children, zinc supplementation during illness, (a) had a marked effect in reducing prolonged episodes and a modest effect on episode duration in acute diarrhea, (b) resulted in reduced rate of treatment failure and death in persistent diarrhea, (c) had no effect in measles and non-measles pneumonia, and (d) probably had a detrimental effect of increasing death rate when a large dose was used in severely malnourished children. The desirability of routine zinc supplementation therapy of undernourished children with acute diarrhea should be assessed further. Concerning policy, zinc supplementation as a component of a micronutrient mixture is recommended in the rehabilitation of severely malnourished children and in persistent diarrhea. However, recommendation for its routine use in all cases of acute diarrhea in children needs additional studies on effectiveness, cost, operations and safety. In two randomized controlled trials folate has been evaluated in acute and persistent diarrhea and found to have no beneficial effect. Folate is not recommended as adjunct therapy of diarrhea. Role of folate in preventing severe disease and/or death deserves further evaluation.
Advantages and applications of megawatt sized heat pipe reactors (2012)

Abstract Not Provided
Email Information Flow in Large-Scale Enterprises (2008)

We present analysis results of email communications in a large-scale enterprise network. Our study first focuses on understanding the social graph induced by email communications between individual users. Specifically, we examine how email communication flows are correlated with user profiles, the organization structure, and how outside information penetrates the enterprise. We then concentrate on understanding the information processing load imposed to users and the strategies applied by users in email triage. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first measurement study of email communications of a global enterprise network comprising email data from over 100,000 employees spread across multiple continents. Our analysis results inform the design of network applications that takes into account typical user behaviour in social interactions and solitary information processing. Our large-scale dataset further allows us to examine the validity of several hypotheses suggested by the social network theory.
Regulation of cytochrome P-45011 beta gene expression by adrenocorticotropin. (1985)

Recombinant DNA clones corresponding to 11 beta-hydroxylase cytochrome P-450 (P-450(11)beta) have been identified in a bovine adrenocortical cDNA library. These clones, pB11 beta-1 and pB11 beta-2, hybridize to at least three RNA species, 7.2, 6.2, and 4.3 kilobases in length, present in the adrenal cortex. All three RNA species directed cytochrome P-450(11)beta synthesis in an in vitro translation system. Expression of the cytochrome P-450(11)beta gene is tissue specific in that these transcripts were not detected in liver, heart, kidney, or corpus luteum. In cultured bovine adrenocortical cells, adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) or dibutyryl cAMP increased the concentration of cytochrome P-450(11)beta transcripts. This increase appears to be at least partially due to de novo transcription as shown by the action of actinomycin D which effectively blocked the ACTH-induced increase in cytochrome P-450(11)beta RNA level. Furthermore, cycloheximide administered prior to or along with ACTH resulted in the blockage of any new transcription of the cytochrome P-450(11)beta gene as evidenced from the level of RNA. Thus, in addition to potential effects on RNA stabilization, a primary action of ACTH in the regulation of the level of cytochrome P-450(11)beta may be to mediate the induction of an unidentified adrenocortical protein which is required for the activation of cytochrome P-450(11)beta gene expression. These results, together with previous studies (Kramer, R.E., Rainey, W.E., Funkenstein, B., Dee, A., Simpson, E. R., and Waterman, M. R. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 707-713) that showed increased intracellular levels of cAMP upon treatment of bovine adrenocortical cell cultures with ACTH, suggest a role for cAMP-mediated events in the regulation of cytochrome P-450(11)beta gene expression.
Chiplet Micro-Assembly Printer (2019)

A deterministic, directed, parallel electrostatic assembly and transfer process is being developed to arrange chips for electronics applications. Singulated chips 10 um - 200 um in size and initially in solution, are sorted, transported and oriented to form programmed patterns. The arrangements are then transferred to a final substrate with contact stamping or an electrostatic roller belt. Demonstrations achieved include automated parallel assembly, micrometer scale registration, heterogeneous integration, inch scale outputs, and basic functional circuits. The eventual goal is the ability to integrate millions of chiplets into systems with fine control over large areas to enable next generation electronic systems.
Toward a neurology of loneliness. (2014)

Social isolation has been recognized as a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality in humans for more than a quarter century. The brain is the key organ of social connections and processes, however, and the same objective social relationship can be experienced as caring and protective or as exploitive and isolating. We review evidence that the perception of social isolation (i.e., loneliness) impacts brain and behavior and is a risk factor for broad-based morbidity and mortality. However, the causal role of loneliness on neural mechanisms and mortality is difficult to test conclusively in humans. Mechanistic animal studies provide a lens through which to evaluate the neurological effects of a member of a social species living chronically on the social perimeter. Experimental studies show that social isolation produces significant changes in brain structures and processes in adult social animals. These effects are not uniform across the brain or across species but instead are most evident in brain regions that reflect differences in the functional demands of solitary versus social living for a particular species. The human and animal literatures have developed independently, however, and significant gaps also exist. The current review underscores the importance of integrating human and animal research to delineate the mechanisms through which social relationships impact the brain, health, and well-being.
An efficient, palladium-catalyzed route to protected allylic amines (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn efficient, palladium-catalyzed route to protected allylic aminesRichard D. Connell, Tobias Rein, Bjoern Aakermark, and Paul HelquistCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 16, 3845–3849Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00251a035https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00251a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1130Altmetric-Citations90LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Erythrosine (Red No. 3) and Its Nonspecific Biochemical Actions: What Relation to Behavioral Changes? (1980)

Biochemical studies have shown that the ability of erythrosine to inhibit dopamine uptake into brain synaptosomal preparations is dependent on the concentration of tissue present in the assay mixture. Thus, the finding that erythrosine inhibits dopamine uptake (which, if true, would provide a plausible explanation of the Feingold hypothesis of childhood hyperactivity) may simply be an artifact that results from nonspecific interactions with brain membranes. In addition, although erythrosine given parenterally (50 milligrams per kilogram) did not alter locomotor activity of control of 6-hydroxydopamine-treated rats, erythrosine (50 to 300 milligrams per kilogram) attenuated the effect of punishment in a "conflict" paradigm.
Effect of host defenses on Clostridium difficile toxin–induced intestinal barrier injury (2013)

Both intestinal mucus and SIgA were important in limiting C. difficile-associated disease severity in this model. A synergistic effect of mucus and IgA was also noted and may be due to protection of SIgA from proteolytic cleavage.
Stochastic modeling and entropy constrained estimation of motion from image sequences (2002)

We consider the problem of coding video signals using motion compensation and a forward coded dense motion field. First, we develop a motion estimation technique that yields dense estimates suitable for the coding application; next, we develop a prototype of a video coder, which we use to verify that high coding performance is attainable within our framework. To find our sought motion estimates, we assume motion in an observed image sequence to be a stochastic process, modeled as a Markov random field (MRF). The standard maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation problem with MRF priors is formulated as a constrained optimization problem (where the constraint is on the entropy of the sought estimate), but then transformed into a classical MAP estimation problem, and solved using standard techniques. A key advantage of the constrained formalization is that, in the process of transforming it back to the classical framework, parameters which in the classical framework are left unspecified (and often tweaked in an experimental stage) become now uniquely determined by the introduced entropy constraint. To verify that our motion estimates are indeed useful for coding, we compare the performance of a prototype video coder with that of an equivalent coder based on block-matching motion estimates. Experimental results reveal, for various types of video signals and at various rates, that: (a) in terms of PSNR, our system equals or improves upon the performance of full search block matching; and (b) in terms of visual quality our improvements are significant, since our images are completely free of blocking artifacts.
THE INTERACTION OF LEECHES: A CLINICAL OBSERVATION (2003)

Wilson, Paul F.R.C.S.(Ed.); Manushakian, H. S. B.Sc., M.D., M.I.P.I. Author Information
Biochemical Evidence for the Presence of Arginine Decarboxylase Activity in Trypanosoma cruzi (1992)

Sarmila Majumder, Julia J. Wirth, Alan J. Bitonti, Peter P. McCann, Felipe Kierszenbaum, Biochemical Evidence for the Presence of Arginine Decarboxylase Activity in Trypanosoma cruzi, The Journal of Parasitology, Vol. 78, No. 2 (Apr., 1992), pp. 371-374
Smoking-related changes in DNA methylation and gene expression are associated with cardio-metabolic traits (2020)

Our study indicates that smoking-related changes in DNA methylation and gene expression are associated with cardio-metabolic risk factors. These findings may provide additional insights into the molecular mechanisms linking smoking to the development of CVD.
MCOM 440 Basic Television Production (1999)

Course syllabus for MCOM 440 Basic Television Production Course description: This course is designed to provide students with concrete experiences in developing and acquiring skills in television production techniques. The students will learn basic television production terminology and acquire skills in operating different production equipment including cameras, lights, audio, video switcher, video cassette recorders, character generators, and other equipment. The students will also learn how to write, plan, produce and direct television shows.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure of 6,7‐Dihydro‐2,3‐disubstituted 5H‐2a‐Thia(2a‐S(IV))‐2,3‐4a,7a‐tetraazacyclopent(cd)indene‐1,4(2H,3H)‐dithione. (1988)

Abstract The dianion generated from (I) reacts with phenacyl chloride (II) and the isothiocyanates (III) in a one‐pot reaction to give the symmetrical tetraazapentalenes (IV); unsymmetrical analogues such as (VII) are prepared from (IVa) via the thiadiazolopyrimidines (V).
Hypotensive effect of [Sar1,Thr8]angiotensin II in spontaneously hypertensive sodium-depleted rats (1978)

Under inactin anesthesia, intravenous infusion of [Sar1,Thr8]angiotensin II produced a hypotensive effect in young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) treated with furosemide and in mature SH rats fed a low-sodium diet. The angiotensin antagonist also lowered blood pressure of young and mature SH rats receiving a normal diet. Deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) plus saline reversed the hypotensive effect of [Saru,Thr8]angiotensin II in young SH rats, but did not do so in mature SH rats. Plasma renin activity (PRA) was not significantly changed by anesthesia. Furosemide or the low-sodium diet significantly increased PRA in young and mature SH rats. In contrast, DOCA plus saline significantly reduced PRA in both young and mature SH rats. However, there was no correlation between PRA and the action of the angiotensin II antagonist. These data suggest that the renin-angiotensin system is involved in genetic hypertension.
A study on the impact of locality in the decoding of binary cyclic codes (2017)

In this paper, we study the impact of locality on the decoding of binary cyclic codes under two approaches, namely ordered statistics decoding (OSD) and trellis decoding. Given a binary cyclic code having locality or availability, we suitably modify the OSD to obtain gains in terms of Signal-To-Noise ratio, for a given reliability and essentially the same level of decoder complexity. With regard to trellis decoding, we show that careful introduction of locality results in the creation of cyclic subcodes having lower maximum state complexity. We also present a simple upper-bounding technique on the state complexity profile, based on the zeros of the code. Finally, it is shown how the decoding speed can significantly be increased in the presence of locality, in the moderate-to-high SNR regime, by making use of a quick-look decoder that often returns the ML codeword.
Telemanipulation enhancement through user's motion intention recognition and fixture assistance (2005)

In telemanipulation systems, assistance of virtual fixture can improve manipulation capability and dexterity. This assistance provides aids not only for path following, but also for reaching target and avoiding obstacles. Conventionally, these assistances are based on the environment information, without knowing user's motion intention. In this paper, user's motion intention is combined with real-time environment information for applying appropriate assistance. If the current task is following a path, a hard virtual fixture orthogonal to the path is applied. Or if the task is to position a target, an attractive force filed is produced. In order to successfully recognize user's motion intention, a hidden Markov model (HMM) is developed to classify human actions, such as following path, positioning target and avoiding obstacles. The algorithm is tested on the simulation platform.
Catalytic Hydrogenolysis of Biphenylene with Platinum, Palladium, and Nickel Phosphine Complexes (1998)

The catalytic hydrogenolysis of biphenylene was carried out using Pt, Pd, and Ni phosphine complexes under an atmosphere of H2 between 56 and 120 °C. The Pt species Pt(PEt3)3, (PEt3)2Pt(2,2‘-biphenyl), 1, trans-(PEt3)2PtH2, and trans-(PEt3)2Pt(α-biphenyl)H, 4, were all viable catalysts. The resting state species in each case was complex 4. At 80 °C under an atmosphere of H2, 4 reductively eliminates biphenyl and forms trans-(PEt3)2PtH2. Free PEt3 inhibits the rate of reductive elimination from 4 and the overall rate of hydrogenolysis. The novel Pt(IV) dihydride trans,cis-(PEt3)2Pt(2,2‘-biphenyl)H2 was synthesized and characterized by X-ray analysis. trans,cis-(PEt3)2Pt(2,2‘-biphenyl)H2 undergoes unimolecular reductive elimination to give 2. On the basis of these results a catalytic cycle is proposed. A mixture of [(dippe)PtH]2 and (dippe)PtH2 (dippe = bis(diisopropylphosphino)ethane) was also capable of catalyzing the hydrogenolysis of biphenylene under an atmosphere of H2 at 120 °C. The rate of hydrogenolysis increases as the concentration of biphenylene, H2, and (dippe)PtH2 increases. These observations are consistent with the C−C bond activation of biphenylene occurring via (dippe)PtH2, not [(dippe)Pt0]. The rate of catalytic hydrogenolysis was not affected by the length of the chelating phosphine bridge. The Ni complex [(dippe)NiH]2 was the most efficient catalyst for the hydrogenolysis of biphenylene (16 turnovers/day at 56 °C). The resting state species was (dippe)Ni(2,2‘-biphenyl).
Endobiliary radiofrequency ablation combined with bilateral metal stent placement for malignant hilar biliary obstruction (2020)

The present study showed that endobiliary RFA with bilateral SEMS placement achieved good results, but selection of patients with an appropriate stricture length may be needed to obtain a sufficient ablative effect.
IP Spoofing Detection Using Modified Hop Count (2014)

With the global widespread usage of the Internet, more and more cyber-attacks are being performed. Many of these attacks utilize IP address spoofing. This paper describes IP spoofing attacks and the proposed methods currently available to detect or prevent them. In addition, it presents a statistical analysis of the Hop Count parameter used in our proposed IP spoofing detection algorithm. We propose an algorithm, inspired by the Hop Count Filtering (HCF) technique, that changes the learning phase of HCF to include all the possible available Hop Count values. Compared to the original HCF method and its variants, our proposed method increases the true positive rate by at least 9% and consequently increases the overall accuracy of an intrusion detection system by at least 9%. Our proposed method performs in general better than HCF method and its variants.