gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2915: The timing of mutational burst events impact the growth of tumors in the colon (2017)

Abstract Basic and clinical scientists believe that benign polyps in the colon progress to cancers through the slow, stepwise accumulation of mutations. Interestingly, only a small percentage of all tumors progress, whereas a significant number remain static in size, regress, or resolve completely. The mechanisms underlying these differential fates are unknown, and mechanisms of tumor evolution during this premalignant phase are still under investigation and continued debate. We previously reported that sub-clonal diversity arises early in small human adenomas and contributes to the growth of tumors in the colon. An emerging hypothesis is that colorectal tumors form and progress via a process of punctuated equilibrium, where multiple copy number alterations and mutational events happen simultaneously in a burst-like fashion. In this study, we prospectively test this concept using a mouse model in which tumor induction is spatially and temporally controlled via a non-surgical delivery of adenovirus expressing CRE recombinase and a temporally controlled mutational burst via administration of the carcinogen Azoxymethane. Tumors are induced at a similar rate regardless the timing of the burst relative to tumor induction with a mean tumor incidence of 62% at three weeks post induction. However, tumor growth may be affected by the timing of the burst. Animals that had a mutational burst event prior to tumor induction or those that had a late mutational burst event had a lower average in vivo growth rate compared to controls and those with an early burst event, but the average in vivo tumor size was comparable across all groups. Taken together, these preliminary data provide evidence that the timing of a mutational burst event contributes to tumor growth. This prospective experiment is being extended through computer modeling and statistical inference to compare in silico mutational landscapes to a cohort of colon polyps removed from patients at normal screening. The findings will provide new insights into the earliest stages of tumorigenesis. Citation Format: Chelsie K. Sievers, Tien N. Vo, Perry J. Pickhardt, Bryan D. Pooler, Kristina A. Matkowskyj, Dawn M. Albrecht, Quincy Rosemarie, Michael A. Newton, Richard B. Halberg. The timing of mutational burst events impact the growth of tumors in the colon [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2915. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-2915
Characterisation and modelling of the temperature and rate dependent shear behaviour of a non-consolidated powder impregnated fabric (2018)

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Metallcluster aus ecken‐ und flächenverknüpften adamantanartigen Einheiten: eine neue Topologie bei Mehrkernkomplexen (1997)

Die Vermeidung von Metall‐Metall‐Bindungen ist ein wesentlicher Faktor,/der die Bildung des neunkernigen Cobaltkomplexes [Co 9 (chp) 18 ] begünstigt (Gerüststruktur siehe rechts: chp = 6‐Chlor‐2‐pyridonat). Überraschend war, daß dieser Komplex homoleptisch ist, entstehen doch mit Ni statt Co zwar ähnlich aufgebaute (Doppeladamantangerüst), aber erwartungsgemäß heteroleptische Komplexe. magnified image
Essential fatty acid requirements of cultured marine fish larvae (1996)

Feeding of marine fish larvae is, in most cases, limited to the administration of two species of live prey. This reduction in the range of food available for the cultured larvae may occasionally lead to nutritional imbalances or deficiencies. A large amount of research has been recently devoted to the study of the essential fatty acid requirements of marine fish larvae. Studies on the biochemical composition of developing eggs and larvae, as well as the comparison of the patterns of loss and conservation during starvation, pointed out the importance of n-3 HUFA and arachidonic acid as essential fatty acids for larvae of marine fish. The biochemical composition of marine fish larvae, in terms of lipid content and fatty acid composition of total and polar lipids, is modified by dietary levels of essential fatty acids. Larval growth, survival and activity have also been reported to be affected by dietary levels of essential fatty acids. In addition, some pathological signs, such as hydrops or abnormal pigmentation, have been related to essential fatty acid deficiency in these fish. Based on these effects, the essential fatty acid requirements of marine larval fish have been reported to range between 0.3 and 55 g kg−1 n-3 HUFA on a dry weight basis, suggesting that quantitative requirements of fish larvae may differ from those of juveniles or adults. But quantitative requirements for larvae of the same species reported by various authors are often contradictory. These differences are discussed in relation to the dietary lipid content, ratio 20:5n-3/22:6n-3 and culture conditions used.
Correction of motion artefacts and pseudo colour visualization of multispectral light scattering images for optical diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (2009)

State-of-the-art image processing methods offer new possibilities for diagnosing diseases using scattered light. The optical diagnosis of rheumatism is taken as an example to show that the diagnostic sensitivity can be improved using overlapped pseudo-coloured images of different wavelengths, provided that multispectral images are recorded to compensate for any motion related artefacts which occur during examination.
The evolution of molecular beam deposition (MBD) from laboratory to production usage (1990)

The use of molecular beam technology (MBD) under ultra high vacuum conditions (UHV) has proved to be a highly controllable process capable of producing dense films which are free of porosity, low in impurities and having bulk like optical properties. These distinctions are requisite for coatings which require a high laser damage threshold, low scatter and stable spectral characteristics. The application also lends itself to the formation of novel distributed Bragg reflectors (DBR) and rugate structures which require a highly controllable deposition process to form the many, often very thin, layers involved.
Thermally Driven Giant Bending of Liquid Crystal Elastomer Films with Hybrid Alignment (2010)

We have investigated the thermally induced bending deformation of nematic elastomers with hybrid alignment (HNEs) where the director continuously rotates by 90° (from planar alignment to vertical alignment) between the top and bottom surfaces. The flat specimen of nematic gel in the preparation state exhibits a considerable bending when allowed to deswell to the dry state. The curvature of the dried elastomer film markedly depends on temperature. The curvature in the nematic state increases with heating, and the film apparently becomes flat at a certain temperature. Further heating induces the bending in the opposite direction. In the high-temperature isotropic state, the curvature is independent of temperature. This bending deformation is thermally reversible. We successfully interpret the temperature dependence of curvature for the HNEs assuming a linear variation of strain in the thickness direction on the basis of the thermally uniaxial deformation of the nematic elastomers with globally planar or vertical alignment. We also conduct a numerical simulation on the basis of a nonlinear elasticity model to reproduce the observation. The simulation using the material parameters that are almost identical with the corresponding experimental values explains the phenomenon and demonstrates the stress and strain distribution in the curled HNEs.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluoroaliphatic Esters of Fluorosulfonic Acid. Part 1. Reaction of Higher Perfluoro Olefins with Electrochemically Generated Peroxydisulfuryl Difluoride. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis and Characterization of Ciprofloxacin Loaded Star-Shaped Polycaprolactone–Polyethylene Glycol Hydrogels for Oral Delivery (2023)

The administration of poorly water-soluble drugs represents a relevant problem due to the low body fluids transport efficiency through hydrophilic hydrogels. Star-shaped co-polymers, i.e., amphiphilic polymers such as those with a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic outer shell, can be used to improve weak interactions with drugs, with relevant benefits in terms of administration and controlled delivery. In this work, two different co-polymers, four-arm star-shaped PCL-PEG and six-arm star-shaped PCL-PEG, were synthesized via ring-opening polymerization to be loaded with ciprofloxacin. <sup>1</sup>H-NMR and FTIR analyses confirmed that PCL arms were successfully grafted to the mPEG backbone, while DSC analysis indicated similar crystallinity and melting point, ranging from 56 to 60 °C, independent of the different co-polymer architecture. Therefore, both star-shaped PCL-PEGs were investigated as cargo device for ciprofloxacin. No significant differences were observed in terms of drug entrapment efficiency (>95%) and drug release, characterized by a pronounced burst followed by a slow sustained release, only slightly affected by the co-polymer architecture. This result was also confirmed with curve fitting via the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. Lastly, good antibacterial properties and biocompatibility exhibited in both star-shaped PCL-PEG co-polymers suggest a promising use for oral delivery applications.
Facile preparation of single-atom Ru catalysts via a two-dimensional interface directed synthesis technique for the NRR (2023)

Through the catalysis system design of <i>in situ</i> Ru SACs (single atoms) anchored on a rGO/NC two-dimensional interface, we successfully realized the SA-Ru@rGO/NC electrocatalyst with high metal loading density at a relatively low temperature. The largest NH<sub>3</sub> yield of 110.1 μg h<sup>-1</sup> mg<sub>cat</sub><sup>-1</sup> and FE of 17.9% were achieved at -0.3 V under ambient conditions. The electronic environment of the catalyst was regulated by the electronic metal-support interaction, and the use of SACs had the advantages of inhibiting the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and enhancing N<sub>2</sub> adsorption, which effectively improved the performance of electrocatalytic nitrogen fixation.
Transduction of Human Antigen-Presenting Cells with Integrase-Defective Lentiviral Vector Enables Functional Expansion of Primed Antigen-Specific CD8 + T Cells (2010)

Nonintegrating lentiviral vectors are being developed as a efficient and safe delivery system for both gene therapy and vaccine purposes. Several reports have demonstrated that a single immunization with integration-defective lentiviral vectors (IDLVs) delivering viral or tumor model antigens in mice was able to elicit broad and long-lasting specific immune responses in the absence of vector integration. At present, no evidence has been reported showing that IDLVs are able to expand preexisting immune responses in the human context. In the present study, we demonstrate that infection of human antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages with IDLVs expressing influenza matrix M1 protein resulted in effective induction of in vitro expansion of M1-primed CD8(+) T cells, as evaluated by both pentamer staining and cytokine production. This is the first demonstration that IDLVs represent an efficient delivery system for gene transfer and expression in human APCs, useful for immunotherapeutic applications.
Approaching maximum embedding efficiency on small covers using Staircase-Generator codes (2015)

We introduce a new family of binary linear codes suitable for steganographic matrix embedding. The main characteristic of the codes is the staircase random block structure of the generator matrix. We propose an efficient list decoding algorithm for the codes that finds a close codeword to a given random word. We provide both theoretical analysis of the performance and stability of the decoding algorithm, as well as practical results. Used for matrix embedding, these codes achieve almost the upper theoretical bound of the embedding efficiency for covers in the range of 1000 – 1500 bits, which is at least an order of magnitude smaller than the values reported in related works.
Can Remission in Rheumatoid Arthritis Be Assessed Without Laboratory Tests or a Formal Joint Count? Possible Remission Criteria Based on a Self-report RAPID3 Score and Careful Joint Examination in the ESPOIR Cohort (2013)

Remission according to CDAI and RAPID3R+SJ1, but not DAS28 or RAPID3R, is similar to that of the ACR/EULAR criteria. RAPID3 scores require a complementary careful joint examination for clinical decisions, do not preclude formal joint counts or other indices, and may be useful in busy clinical settings.
Doubly charged atomic oxygen ions in the thermosphere, 1. Photochemistry (1977)

Measurements of O++ concentrations made by the Atmosphere Explorer C satellite are analyzed for altitudes where photochemical equilibrium conditions prevail in order to determine the photochemical sources and sinks of the doubly charged ion. The major loss process is found to be through partial charge exchange with neutral atomic oxygen with a rate coefficient of 1 × 10−11 cm³ s−1 with an uncertainty of 40%. Above 220 km the major source is photo-ionization of O+. However, X ray ionization of O(λ ≤ 23.3 Å) producing O++ directly through the Auger process provides a better fit to the observed profile at lower altitudes. At solar maximum, particularly during solar disturbances, this process could be a major source of ionospheric O++ up to 500 km.
Related effects of calcium and serum on the G1 phase of the human WI38 fibroblast (1980)

Deprivation of extracellular Ca or serum inhibits the proliferation of WI38 human diploid fibroblasts. Under these conditions, the cells become quiescent at a point in the cell cycle typical of early G1 or G0 phase-arrested cells. Exit of the cells from this point in the cycle appears to require both the presence of serum and Ca simultaneously. If quiescent cells are serum-stimulated in low Ca medium (0.01 mM), they do not progress through G1 to the S phase, which normally requires 14-18 hr. However, they remain competent to do so. Addition of Ca for up to 48 hr after serum stimulation results in an equal fraction of the cells progressing G1 phase as compared to the presence of Ca at the time of serum addition. In contrast, if quiescent cells are serum-stimulated in the presence of Ca, which is then removed, the cells can remain competent to enter S phase for only 10-12 hr. Re-addition of Ca beyond this time does not allow G1 progression on a normal schedule. These data suggest that Ca and serum are both required to trigger, in whole or in part, the pleiotypic response. Ca appears also to render the cells competent to enter S phase, but this competence is labile; an observation consistent with the PDGF-induced competence observed previously in the 3T3 cell. These observations are in contrast to previous data from other cell types which suggest that Ca is required only in late G1 phase for successful entrance to S phase.
Giant voltages upon surface heating in normal YBa2Cu3O7−δ films suggesting an atomic layer thermopile (1992)

Experiments are reported which show that temperature gradients perpendicular to the surface of epitaxial normal conducting YBa2Cu3O7−δ films give rise to large transversal voltages between contacts on the film surface. The temperature gradients have been produced by pulsed laser irradiation and by continuous heating of the films by heater wires. To explain the large lateral voltages, an atomic layer thermopile is proposed, which may be formed by the layered structure of the material.
Technical Challenges for Smooth Interaction With Seniors With Dementia: Lessons From Humanitude™ (2021)

Due to cognitive and socio-emotional decline and mental diseases, senior citizens, especially people with dementia (PwD), struggle to interact smoothly with their caregivers. Therefore, various care techniques have been proposed to develop good relationships with seniors. Among them, Humanitude is one promising technique that provides caregivers with useful interaction skills to improve their relationships with PwD, from four perspectives: face-to-face interaction, verbal communication, touch interaction, and helping care receivers stand up (physical interaction). Regardless of advances in elderly care techniques, since current social robots interact with seniors in the same manner as they do with younger adults, they lack several important functions. For example, Humanitude emphasizes the importance of interaction at a relatively intimate distance to facilitate communication with seniors. Unfortunately, few studies have developed an interaction model for clinical care communication. In this paper, we discuss the current challenges to develop a social robot that can smoothly interact with PwDs and overview the interaction skills used in Humanitude as well as the existing technologies.
Synthesis of Affinity Nanoparticles Coupled to FR901464 Derivatives (2004)

The synthesis of two latex nano-particles coupled to FR901464 derivatives is described.Two FR901464 derivatives attached with an amino-alkyl group at a different position were prepared from natural occurring FR 901464.Biological activities of the two ligands were significantly different.The acylation of two amino ligands with the activated esters on latex particles smoothly proceeded to provide the corresponding latex nano-particles coupled to FR 901464 at a different position.Chemical genomics is an effective methodology for the identifying drug targets using biochemical probes. 1 Biologically active natural products have served as effective biochemical probes since the This paper is dedicated to Dr. Pierre Potier on the occasion of his 70 th Birthday.
Melanoma and Vitiligo: In Good Company (2019)

Cutaneous melanoma represents the most aggressive form of skin cancer, whereas vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder that leads to progressive destruction of skin melanocytes. However, vitiligo has been associated with cutaneous melanoma since the 1970s. Most of the antigens recognized by the immune system are expressed by both melanoma cells and normal melanocytes, explaining why the autoimmune response against melanocytes that led to vitiligo could be also present in melanoma patients. Leukoderma has been also observed as a side effect of melanoma immunotherapy and has always been associated with a favorable prognosis. In this review, we discuss several characteristics of the immune system responses shared by melanoma and vitiligo patients, as well as the significance of occurrence of leukoderma during immunotherapy, with special attention to check-point inhibitors.
Exotic (anti)ferromagnetism in single crystals ofPr6Ni2Si3 (2008)

The ternary intermetallic compound, ${\text{Pr}}_{6}{\text{Ni}}_{2}{\text{Si}}_{3}$, is a member of a structure series of compounds based on a triangular structure where the number of Pr atoms in the prism cross section can be systematically varied. ${\text{Pr}}_{6}{\text{Ni}}_{2}{\text{Si}}_{3}$ contains two distinct Pr lattice sites which result in complex interactions between the magnetic ions. Extensive measurements of specific heat and magnetization on single-crystal samples indicate that ${\text{Pr}}_{6}{\text{Ni}}_{2}{\text{Si}}_{3}$ orders with both a ferromagnet and an antiferromagnet component, with ordering temperatures of 39.6 and $\ensuremath{\sim}32\text{ }\text{K}$, respectively. The ferromagnetic component $\ensuremath{\parallel}$ $c$ axis is accompanied by a large hysteresis, and the antiferromagnetic component $\ensuremath{\perp}$ $c$ axis is accompanied by a spin-flop-type transition. More detailed measurements, of the vector magnetization, indicate that the ferromagnetic and the antiferromagnetic order appear independent of each other. These results not only clarify the behavior of ${\text{Pr}}_{6}{\text{Ni}}_{2}{\text{Si}}_{3}$ itself but also of the other members of the structure series, ${\text{Pr}}_{5}{\text{Ni}}_{2}{\text{Si}}_{3}$ and ${\text{Pr}}_{15}{\text{Ni}}_{7}{\text{Si}}_{10}$.
전뇌 이론과 창의적 사고 도구를 활용한 창의적 지식 창출 모형의 산업적 적용에 관한 연구 (2005)

Knowledge is recognized as the most important asset among enterprises. Therefore, the necessity of knowledge management is ever on the increase nowadays. While many people have endeavored to develop knowledge storage, sharing and usage, knowledge creation is not sufficiently investigated for practical application, because knowledge creation is largely related to creativity and difficult to establish a systematic methodology. In order to overcome such problems, the creative knowledge creation model is proposed by using the whole brain theory and creative thinking tools. First of all, the creative knowledge creation model is based on the Nonaka`s knowledge creation model integrated with the whole brain theory. The whole brain theory is then used as a standard to organize a whole brain team that is composed of members who have diverse thinking patterns. For creative thinking tools, the mandal-art and the contradiction matrix of TRIZ are used for a knowledge conversion. Each process of the creative knowledge creation model is sequentially suggested and several terms are defined. In order to verify the effectiveness of the creative knowledge creation model, the proposed model is applied to the development of a dishwasher with a new concept. According to the order of the proposed method, the model is applied twice in the cycle of spiral evolution. Three kinds of dish-washing methods have been developed using the proposed model. The results of the application are then analyzed and presented.
Glycosidases of apple fruit: A multi‐functional β‐galactosidase (1990)

Extraction of Spartan apple ( Malus domestica ) fruit acetone powder and fractionation of the extract on DEAE‐agarose allowed detection and quantification of 10 glycosidases active toward 4‐methylumbelliferyl glycosides. Hydrolysis was measured fluorimetrically. The predominant activity, a β‐ d ‐galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23), labile upon purification, was stabilized by soluble PVP. Molecular weights, measured by gel permeation HPLC, pH optima and K m values were obtained for most glycosidase activities. Multiple forms of several activities were found. The major α‐ d ‐ and β‐ d ‐galactosidases were resolved on phosphocellulose. The β‐ d ‐galactosidase so obtained had associated α‐ l ‐arabinopyranosidase and β‐ d ‐fucosidase activities which were retained upon GP‐HPLC. Mixed substrate kinetic analysis and inhibition analysis of this fraction indicated that the enzyme has 3 catalytic sites, 1 for each substrate, whose substrates mutually influence each other's activity positively.
Photoresponse of the protonated Schiff-base retinal chromophore in the gas phase (2013)

The fragmentation, initiated by photoexcitation as well as collisionally-induced excitation, of several retinal chromophores was studied in the gas phase. The chromophore in the protonated Schiff-base form (RPSB), essential for mammalian vision, shows a remarkably selective photoresponse. The selectivity of the gas-phase chromophore is triggered by a series of fast trans to cis isomerizations followed by a Diels-Alder cyclization with subsequent slow statistical fragmentation, leading to one specific fragment ion. The pattern of the final statistical fragmentation may be altered by chemical modifications of the chromophore. We propose that isomerizations play an important role in the photoresponse of gas-phase retinal chromophores and guide internal conversion through conical intersections. The role of protein interactions is then to control the specificity of the photoisomerization in the primary step of vision and possibly to diminish thermal noise by suppressing spontaneous isomerization by heat.