gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Survival from cervical cancer in Barshi registry, rural India. (1998)

This report describes the population-based survival experience of cervical cancer patients in Barshi registry in India. An examination of the survival of cancer patients registered during 1988-89 and 1990-92 periods was conducted. Due to cancer-related health education and early detection initiatives the 5-year observed survival for the second period was significantly higher than for the first: 33.1% vs. 24.4% (p < 0.05). When this was adjusted for stage distribution histology and age in a Cox proportional hazards regression analysis the observed survival difference remained significant. 60% of patients diagnosed during the first period did not begin or complete the treatment compared with 42% of patients during the second period. Compliance with treatment had a major impact on survival. The results of the study indicated that a program of health education motivating women to seek early diagnosis and treatment and improving opportunities for early diagnosis and therapy can lead to improved survival outcome from cervical cancer.
A Radar-Based Door Open Warning Technology for Vehicle Active Safety (2016)

In order to solve the problem that the rear closing target were collided because drivers and passengers opened door abruptly, a door open warning (DOW) system was presented. The proposed DOW system includes system and radar platform structure and key technology. Line Frequency Modulation Continuous Wave (LFMCW) radar sensor was used to really detect the closing targets in the rear of the vehicle. In the same time, cell maximum and minimum average-CFAR (CMMA-CFAR) algorithm was proposed to maintain higher detection rate by adjustment threshold in time based on the noise intensity. The DOW system is implemented on a DSP-based embedded platform. System was calibrated and tested on the Chery Arrizo7 car. For three representative closing targets: bicycles, motorcycles and motor vehicles, the early average warning rates were up to 98.00%, false alarm rate was down to 3.50%. The experimental results show that the proposed DOWS can really detect the moving targets which were into the behind warning area of the vehicle and give collision warning to driver and passenger effectively in various daytime and nighttime road environments.
Structural Characterization of a Covalent Monolayer Sheet Obtained by Two‐Dimensional Polymerization at an Air/Water Interface (2017)

Abstract This work describes a two‐dimensional polymerization at an air/water interface and provides, for the first time, direct spectroscopic evidence for the kind of crosslinks formed and for the conversion reached in a covalently bonded monolayer sheet. This evidence was obtained through a combination of a variety of monolayer characterization techniques before and after transfer onto solid substrates, in particular by tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) and TERS mapping after transfer of both the monomer and polymer monolayer onto Au(111). This work is a major advance for the field of 2D polymers synthesized at the air/water interface as it, in principle, allows estimation of the crystallinity by percolation theory and the location of regions with defects.
Accelerated Image Reconstruction for Nonlinear Diffractive Imaging (2018)

The problem of reconstructing an object from the measurements of the light it scatters is common in numerous imaging applications. While the most popular formulations of the problem are based on linearizing the object-light relationship, there is an increased interest in considering nonlinear formulations that can account for multiple light scattering. In this paper, we propose an image reconstruction method, called CISOR, for nonlinear diffractive imaging, based on our new variant of fast iterative shrinkage/thresholding algorithm (FISTA) and total variation (TV) regularization. We prove that CISOR reliably converges for our nonconvex optimization problem, and systematically compare our method with other state-of-the-art methods on simulated as well as experimentally measured data.
An infrared study of the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide on supported rhodium catalysts (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn infrared study of the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide on supported rhodium catalystsS. D. Worley, G. A. Mattson, and R. CaudillCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1983, 87, 10, 1671–1673Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100233a006https://doi.org/10.1021/j100233a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views176Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Discrete-Continuous Mixtures in Probabilistic Programming: Generalized Semantics and Inference Algorithms (2018)

Despite the recent successes of probabilistic programming languages (PPLs) in AI applications, PPLs offer only limited support for random variables whose distributions combine discrete and continuous elements. We develop the notion of measure-theoretic Bayesian networks (MTBNs) and use it to provide more general semantics for PPLs with arbitrarily many random variables defined over arbitrary measure spaces. We develop two new general sampling algorithms that are provably correct under the MTBN framework: the lexicographic likelihood weighting (LLW) for general MTBNs and the lexicographic particle filter (LPF), a specialized algorithm for state-space models. We further integrate MTBNs into a widely used PPL system, BLOG, and verify the effectiveness of the new inference algorithms through representative examples.
Comparison of hypertonic saline/dextran versus hypertonic saline/hetastarch for resuscitation of hypovolemia. (1989)

In the present study, we compare resuscitation of bled sheep with hypertonic saline/dextran or hypertonic saline/hetastarch. Unanesthetized sheep were subjected to 2 h of hemorrhagic hypotension and then resuscitated with 200 ml of 7.5% NaCl solution made up to include either 6% dextran 70 (Macrodex) or 6% hetastarch (Hespan). Both solutions provided an immediate and sustained improvement in arterial pressure and cardiac output. The hypertonic saline/dextran provided a slightly better overall response as mean arterial pressure, cardiac output and central venous pressure were higher in the dextran group at all times post resuscitation. However, only the differences in arterial pressure and initial plasma volume expansion were statistically significant. The somewhat better response to hypertonic saline/dextran may be explained by the higher oncotic pressures generated by dextran compared to equal concentrations of hetastarch.
Matching Local Invariant Features with Contextual Information: An Experimental Evaluation (2008)

The main advantage of using local invariant features is their local character which yields robustness to occlusion and varying background. Therefore, local features have proved to be a powerful tool for finding correspondences between images, and have been employed in many applications. However, the local character limits the descriptive capability of features descriptors, and local features fail to resolve ambiguities that can occur when an image shows multiple similar regions. Considering some global information will clearly help to achieve better performances. The question is which information to use and how to use it. Context can be used to enrich the description of the features, or used in the matching step to filter out mismatches. In this paper, we compare different recent methods which use context for matching and show that better results are obtained if contextual information is used during the matching process. We evaluate the methods in two applications: wide baseline matching and object recognition, and it appears that a relaxation based approach gives the best results.
SHS Combustion Characteristics of Several Ceramics and Intermetallic Compounds (1994)

Extensive comparisons have been conducted between experimental and theoretical results for the SHS combustion characteristics of a number of solid‐solid systems. The heterogeneous flame propagation theory describes a premixed mode of bulk flame propagation supported by the nonpremixed reaction of dispersed nonmetal (or higher melting point metal) particles in the liquid metal, with finite‐rate reaction at the particle surface and temperature‐sensitive Arrhenius‐type condensed‐phase mass diffusivity. Systems examined are those of borides (TiB 2 , ZrB 2 , and HfB 2 ) and intermetallic compounds (NiAl, TiCo, and TiNi). By using a consistent set of physico‐chemical parameters for these systems, satisfactorily quantitative agreement is demonstrated for the effects of mixture ratio, degree of dilution, and particle size on the burning velocity. Experimental flammability limits are also predicted by the theory.
Corrigendum: Divergence of a conserved elongation factor and transcription regulation in budding and fission yeast (2016)

Genome Research 26: 799–811 (2016)


Figure 1C and Supplemental Figure S1C in the above article displayed incorrect sequence logos based on the observed TSS. Observed positions on the plus strand were shifted by one base, causing a misalignment of underlying sequences. The authors would like to correct these panels and the text referring to them on pages 800–801 (“Results,” first subsection, second paragraph), which should read as follows: 


“Moreover, a moderate sequence preference for initiating at an A/G, immediately downstream from a C/T, was revealed under the observed TSS, whereas no base preferences underlie the PomBase annotations for the same genes (Fig. 1C).”






Figure 1.



The corrected Figure 1 is provided on the next page.

Supplemental Tables S2 and S3 have also been corrected to remove this shift.

The authors thank Craig Kaplan for bringing this to their attention, and apologize for any confusion this may have caused.

The article has already been corrected in both the PDF and full-text HTML files online.

doi: 10.1101/gr.210161.116
Maribavir Antagonizes the Antiviral Action of Ganciclovir on Human Cytomegalovirus (2006)

The cytomegalovirus (CMV) UL97 kinase inhibitor maribavir antagonized the anti-CMV effect of ganciclovir, increasing the ganciclovir 50% inhibitory concentration against a sensitive strain by up to 13-fold. Antiviral activities of foscarnet and cidofovir were unaffected by maribavir.
2,3-Diarylindenes and 2,3-diarylindenones: synthesis, molecular structure, photochemistry, estrogen receptor binding affinity, and comparisons with related triarylethylenes (1988)

Two 2,3-diphenylindene and -indenone systems, with potential fluorescent and photofluorogenic properties, were prepared and studied as ligands for the estrogen receptor. The indene systems were prepared by Friedel-Crafts cyclization of appropriate alpha-benzyl desoxybenzoin systems, and the indenones either by oxidation of the indenes, by cyclization of alpha-benzoyl desoxybenzoins, or by acylium ion attack on tolan. Crystallographic analysis of the 2,3-diphenylindene and -indenone systems shows the phenyl substituents twisted out of the plane of the indene/indenone systems, with both torsional angles greater in the indenone than indene system; the phenyl attachment to the five-membered ring allows these systems to be considerably more planar than the related 1,2-diphenyl-3,4-dihydronaphthalene and the triarylethylene nonsteroidal estrogens. In contrast to the diphenyldihydronaphthalenes, the diarylindene and -indenone systems undergo photocyclization to phenanthrenes inefficiently. The estrogen receptor binding affinity of these systems is reasonably high (9-59% relative to estradiol), with the indenone systems having higher affinity than the indenes; additional hydroxyl substitution raises the affinity of the indenes but lowers that of the indenones. These trends can be rationalized by considering differences in molecular volumes or surface areas (related to torsional angles) and specific polar interactions.
Methyl‐triisopropoxy‐titanium, a highly selective nucleophilic methylating reagent. Preliminary Communication (1980)

Abstract Replacement of lithium or magnesium by titanium can furnish nucleophilic organometallic reagents of high selectivity as exemplified by the title compound 1 (see Tables 1–3 ).
A 16.1-bit Resolution 0.064-mm2 Compact Highly Digital Closed-Loop Single-VCO-Based 1-1 Sturdy-MASH Resistance-to-Digital Converter With High Robustness in 180-nm CMOS (2020)

A novel direct resistive-sensor-to-digital readout circuit is presented, which achieves 16.1-bit ENOB while being very compact and robust. The highly digital time-based architecture employs a single voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), counter, and digital feedback loop for the readout of an external single-ended highly nonlinear resistive sensor, such as an NTC thermistor. In addition to the inherent first-order noise shaping due to the oscillator, the second loop in SMASH configuration creates second-order noise shaping. Fabricated in 180-nm CMOS, the readout circuit achieves 16.1 bit of resolution for 1-ms conversion time and consumes only 171 μW, resulting in an excellent 2.4-pJ/c.s. FOMW for a resistive sensor interface while occupying only 0.064 mm2. The specific closed-loop architecture tackles the VCO nonlinearity, achieving more than 14 bits of linearity. Multiple prototype chip samples have been measured in a temperature-controlled environment from -40 °C to 125 °C for the readout of commercial external NTC thermistors. A maximum temperature inaccuracy of 0.3 °C is achieved with only one-point trimming at room temperature. Since the circuit architecture decouples the sensor excitation from the feedback, high electromagnetic interference (EMI) immunity at the sensor node is demonstrated as well.
Degradation Behavior of Covalently Cross-Linked Poly(aldehyde guluronate) Hydrogels (1999)

There is a significant need in the biomedical field for hydrogels with controllable mechanical and degradative properties. We now report the degradation behavior of novel hydrogels formed by the cross-linking of poly(aldehyde guluronate) (PAG). PAG was prepared from alginate by acid hydrolysis and oxidation and was covalently cross-linked with adipic acid dihydrazide (AAD) to form hydrogels. These hydrogels were degradable in aqueous media due to the hydrolysis of hydrazone bonds formed between the aldehyde of PAG and the hydrazide of AAD. We confirmed the degradation behavior of PAG hydrogels cross-linked with different concentrations of AAD by monitoring the changes of dry weight, modulus, and degree of swelling. The degradation behavior generally depends on the cross-linking density as calculated from the Flory−Rehner equation. However, hydrogels with many dangling single-end molecules showed a retarded degradation behavior irrespective of their low initial modulus and low degree of cross-linking density. We hypothesize this is due to re-cross-linking of dangling single-end molecules during degradation. The mechanical properties and degradation time of hydrogels typically increase or decrease together as the degree of cross-linking is varied. However, the findings of the current study suggest that the mechanical properties and degradation time can be decoupled by utilizing partially bound cross-linking molecules that are capable of reversibly cross-linking the polymer to form the hydrogel. This approach to control the properties of hydrogels may find wide utility in the biomedical field and other applications of these materials.
Stem cells and kidney diseases. (2004)

The role of the stem cell (SC) in physiology and physiopathology has recently attracted much interest. SCs may originate from embryos, aborted fetuses, umbilical cord blood, and adult organs and tissues. In the adult, SCs were first defined in tissues with a high cell turnover, like skin and gut. Today, SCs have also been identified in tissues with no or low regenerative potential and turnover. However, the SC concept is changing rapidly: adult SCs not only reside locally in specific niches, but may also be recruited from the circulation to actively participate in the regeneration of various tissues. Furthermore, reverse differentiation has been demonstrated. In the kidney, both glomerular and tubular cells may differentiate into a range of phenotypes during the remodelling process in response to injury. The glomerular and tubulointerstitial scarring processes involve primarily interactions between infiltrating inflammatory cells and resident renal cells that culminate in loss of renal cells and their replacement by extracellular collagenous matrix. Reverse embryogenesis is a key step in renal healing and scarring: intrinsic renal cells regress to primitive/embryonic mesenchymal phenotype. In addition, it is clear that renal remodelling in health and disease involves the migration of hematopoietic SCs into the kidneys. These cells assume various glomerular and tubular epithelial phenotypes. Therefore, a better understanding of some of these key events in renal remodelling may open the way to new interventions based on their manipulations. Cell-based therapy may be a more successful strategy by providing a dynamic and individualized therapeutic approach that responds to the physiopathological condition of the patient. In fact, SCs may provide innovative methods for drug delivery, immunotherapy, tissue regenerative or replacement engineering.
Thin-film interaction in aluminum and platinum (1976)

The interdiffusion and intermetallic formation in thin-film sandwiches of platinum on preannealed aluminum has been investigated at temperatures in the range 200–500 °C. X-ray diffractometer studies, sheet-resistivity measurements, and microscopic studies were employed to follow the metallurgical reaction. It has been found that Al-Pt interact very rapidly, leading to the formation of several intermetallics. In heat-treated samples with thick aluminum (?6000 Å), Pt2Al3, PtAl2, PtAl3, and PtAl4 were present. In others with 4000 Å or less Al, platinum-rich phases Pt5Al3 and Pt3Al2 were detected. After prolonged or high-temperature anneals, phases comparatively richer in Al were found to grow at the expense of other phases formed earlier. The Al-Pt interaction rate was found to be dependent on the annealing ambient, being significantly higher in forming gas, argon, or helium than in vacuum or air. Also, the intermetallic formation resulted in large stress changes in the composite Al-Pt films due to a volume increase accompanying the formation of Al-rich phases, which led to the loss of adhesion.
<title>Proximity-Focus: The New Generation Streak Tube</title> (1979)

A new era in x-ray and visible streak photography opened with the introduction of the proximity-focus or planar streak tube. Elimination of grids and photoelectron pinhole optics has resulted in a tube capable of transmitting peak photoelectron currents neces-sary for recording picosecond and sub-picosecond events without temporal or spatial distortion. Vacuum compatible x-ray cameras, based upon the planar design, have demonstrated better than 3 ps resolution. Visible cameras have shown impressive dynamic range and produced streaks of high statistical quality with picosecond resol-ution. These properties have opened new fields in picosecond and sub-picosecond photography.
The combined effect of failure factors in power modules for automotive applications (2012)

PCIM Europe 2012 - International Exhibition &#38; Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion and Power Quality 2012 , Nuremberg, ALLEMAGNE, 08-/05/2012 - 10/05/2012
Fe3GeTe2 and Ni3GeTe2 – Two New Layered Transition‐Metal Compounds: Crystal Structures, HRTEM Investigations, and Magnetic and Electrical Properties (2006)

Abstract Fe 3 GeTe 2 and Ni 3 GeTe 2 are two new air‐stable, black‐metallic solids. They were characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and preliminary magnetic measurements. Both compounds crystallize in the hexagonal system [ P 6 3 / mmc , Z = 2; Fe 3 GeTe 2 : a = 399.1(1) pm, c = 1633(3) pm;Ni 3 GeTe 2 : a = 391.1(1) pm, c = 1602.0(3) pm], and represent a new structure type with a pronounced macroscopic and microscopic layer character. They show close structural relationships to iron/nickel germanium alloys. Each layer in the title compounds represents a sandwich structure with two layers of tellurium atoms covering a triple‐layer Fe 3 Ge (Ni 3 Ge) substructure on both sides. Assuming full occupancies for the Fe and Ni sites, a mixed‐valence formulation for the transition‐metal atoms according to (M 2+ )(M 3+ ) 2 (Ge 4– )(Te 2– ) 2 (M = Fe, Ni) may be concluded. A slightly reduced occupancy for one Fe/Ni position, however, indicates a more complicated local structural situation. This is confirmed by weak residual electron density in the van der Waals gap and by the results of detailed HRTEM and electron‐diffraction experiments for Ni 3 GeTe 2 . The latter results show variations in the arrangement of Ni atoms, as well as vacancies and a misfit of in‐plane disordered hexagonal layers. Fe 3 GeTe 2 shows Curie–Weiss behavior above and ferromagnetism below 230 K, while Ni 3 GeTe 2 exhibits temperature‐independent paramagnetism in the measured temperature range and a metallic behavior of the electrical resistance. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
A Synthesis of Symmetric Phosphinic Acids (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Synthesis of Symmetric Phosphinic AcidsGennady M. KosolapoffCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 1, 369–370Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01169a511https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01169a511research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views154Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts