gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hypochlorite Resistant Graphene Oxide Incorporated Ultrafiltration Membranes with High Sustainable Flux (2019)

Poly(ether sulfone) (PES) is commonly used polymer in ultrafiltration (UF) membranes which, due to its hydrophobic nature, frequently incorporates the copolymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), to improve its hydrophilicity. Membranes are periodically disinfected using bleach which chemically degrades PVP, thus removing its hydrophilic advantage. The utility of graphene oxide (GO) is compared with PVP as a hydrophilic and chemically stable additive in PES UF membranes. The performances of the membranes were evaluated by comparing pure water flux, contact angle, and fluxes during fouling tests before and after hypochlorite chemical washing after fouling (CWAF). Membranes containing low concentrations (<0.05% wt) of GO had an increase in rejection, lower porosity on average leading to less severe fouling, a higher sustainable flux, and greatly improved reversible fouling especially after CWAF tests compared with membranes containing PVP (1% wt). This research indicates that low concentrations of GO to PES can greatly improve the fouling of PES UF membranes while retaining a hydrophilic properties and provide improved chemical stability after hypochlorite exposure.
An efficient analytical model for WiMAX networks with multiple traffic profiles (2008)

International audience
Drug-Inducible, Dendritic Cell-Based Genetic Immunization (2003)

Determining the mechanism of Ag loading of Langerhans cells (LC) for genetic immunization (GI) is complicated by the inability to distinguish between the response generated by direct transfection of LC from that due to exogenous uptake. To unravel this mechanism, we examined the impact of gene gun treatment on LC with respect to their activation and migration from skin, transgene expression, and ability to initiate humoral and cellular immune responses upon transfer to naive mice. To assess responses generated by direct LC transfection, an RU486-inducible expression system was used as a GI vector. In vitro skin organ cultures were developed from gene gun immunized mouse ear specimens to obtain LC. Gene gun treatment markedly augmented (3-fold) LC migration from ear skin, and these LC expressed the transgene at RNA and protein levels. Transfer of 2 x 10(5) migratory cells resulted in identical cellular responses to, but 10-fold lower humoral responses than, standard GI. Using an RU486-inducible system, we were able to measure responses generated by directly transfected LC. Our results indicate that direct transfection is a predominant pathway for LC Ag loading. The ability to regulate transgene expression with inducible DC-based vaccines demonstrates a new level of immunological control.
A familial case of achondrogenesis type II caused by a dominant COL2A1 mutation and “patchy” expression in the mosaic father (2007)

Achondrogenesis type II (ACG2) is the most severe disorder that can be produced by dominant mutations in COL2A1. We report on four pregnancies of an apparently healthy, nonconsanguineous young couple. The father had scoliosis as a child, and has slight body disproportion with short trunk. The first child was born at 32 weeks and died neonatally. In the second pregnancy, short limbs and fetal hygroma were noted on ultrasound at 17 weeks' gestation. Similar findings were observed in the third fetus. Clinical, radiological, and histological evaluation of the fetuses after termination of the pregnancies showed findings consistent with ACG2. Molecular analysis of genomic DNA extracted from amniotic cells of the second and third fetuses revealed heterozygosity for a 10370G > T missense mutation (G346V) in the COL2A1 gene. This mutation was also found in the father, as a mosaic. The couple had a fourth pregnancy, and at 11 weeks fetal hydrops with a septated cystic hygroma were obvious. DNA from CVS demonstrated the same COL2A1 mutation.
Caffeine withdrawal syndrome in social interaction test in mice: Effects of the NMDA receptor channel blockers, memantine and neramexane (2004)

Antagonists acting at N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors have been demonstrated repeatedly to attenuate the expression of drug and alcohol withdrawal syndromes. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of NMDA receptor blockade on the expression of behavioural signs of caffeine withdrawal syndrome, assessed using the social interaction paradigm. Adult male Swiss mice were treated with increasing doses of caffeine (40-100 mg/kg, i.p., twice daily) for 8 days. Twenty-four hours after the last injection of caffeine, there were significant increases in duration and frequency of defensive behaviours, as well as decreased locomotor activity. These changes faded within 72 hours. Pretreatment with a single dose of caffeine (1 mg/kg; 24 h after the end of repeated caffeine administration and 30 min prior to the test) completely reversed these withdrawal-related changes. Separate groups of mice were treated i.p. with different doses of memantine (1, 3 or 10 mg/kg) or neramexane (MRZ 2/579; 1, 3 or 10 mg/kg) 24 h after the last caffeine injection. Both compounds dose-dependently reduced the expression of defensive behaviours while increasing motor activity. These data suggest that NMDA receptor blockade may counteract the acute behavioural effects of caffeine withdrawal.
CD8 T Cell Lymphoproliferative Disease of the Skin (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Case Vignettes References
Investigating visually distracted driver reactions in rear-end crashes and near crashes based on 100-car study data (2012)

Rear-end crashes are common accident scenarios and account for approximately 30% of all police-reported accidents in the United States. Previous studies have shown that driver inattention just before the rear-end crashes or near crashes is a major contributing factor. To improve the development of active safety systems, which take into account driver inattention, it is important to understand when and how the driver reacts; from the moment the driver shifts state from being distracted to attentive and becomes aware of the potential threat. This paper investigates the reaction (braking, steering) selection that visually distracted drivers make in a critical rear-end crash situation using the 100-car naturalistic driving study data. A simple model describing the driver’s perception reaction time (PRT) based on headway distance to the forward vehicle is presented. The results presented in this paper can assist further studies where more data will be available and help elucidate how people react to critical near crashes and crashes on road.
Comparative anti-tumor efficacy of two orally administered platinum(IV) drugs in nude mice bearing human tumor xenografts (2006)

The oral anti-tumor activity of a novel platinum(IV) complex, coded as LA-12, with a bulky adamantylamine ligand was evaluated and compared with another platinum(IV) complex satraplatin. The human carcinoma xenografts of colon HCT116, prostate PC3, and ovarian A2780 and A2780/cisR (resistant to cisplatin) were used to evaluate the in-vivo anti-tumor activity. The daily x 5 repeated dose regimen in equimolar doses of LA-12 and satraplatin, administered in 2 cycles, was selected for this evaluation. All doses of LA-12 and satraplatin were significantly effective in comparison with the control. The activities of LA-12 in all doses and all used tumor xenografts were higher than equimolar doses of satraplatin. The highest effect was reached with LA-12 at a dose of 60 mg/kg. The shapes of growth curves of ovarian carcinoma A2780 and its subline resistant to cisplatin after therapy with LA-12 were very similar. This shows that LA-12 is able to overcome resistance to cisplatin.
Cerebellar stroke in a low cardiovascular risk patient associated with sorafenib treatment for fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (2013)

Sorafenib is the standard treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, fibrolamellar HCC was not included in sorafenib trials. The case is a 26-year-old man with fibrolamellar HCC, who had a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) while being treated with sorafenib. This illustrates a probable relationship between use of sorafenib and CVA in low cardiovascular risk patients.
Three‐dimensional reconstruction of curves from pairs of projection views in the presence of error. II. Analysis of error (1997)

We have previously described an approach to 3D intracerebral vascular reconstruction that uses an MRA as a reconstruction base. Additional vessels seen only by angiography are added by segmenting 2D curves from projection angiograms and reconstructing these curves into 3D, building upon the MRA. This paper is the second of two that discuss the specific problem of reconstructing a 3D curve from a given pair of 2D curves in the presence of error. The method presented is capable of detecting and handling many errors produced by misregistration, image distortion, or misdefinition of 2D curves. The first paper gives an algorithm. The current paper discusses factors affecting the accuracy of a reconstructed curve, with emphasis upon registration error. We analyze the spatial accuracy of a reconstructed point in terms of the relationships between pixel size, relative viewing angle, 3D point location, and registration error. We provide a theoretical framework that, given the known error properties of a registration algorithm, allows optimization of the viewing geometry so as to produce the highest precision of point reconstruction. A major focus is the effect of registration error upon the reconstruction of a curve. We subdivide registration error into two types, one of which produces smoothly continuous point placement errors and the other of which produces pixel pairing errors. We test our ability to reconstruct a 3D curve in the presence of both. Finally, we summarize approaches to other sources of error. We conclude with a list of recommendations to optimize reconstruction accuracy. When projection points are associated by the rules of epipolar geometry, viewplane point displacements should not exceed 1.5-2 mm along the axis perpendicular to epipolar planes.
Deep UV, tandem harmonic generation using kW peak power Yb fibre source (2002)

An 86 mW, compact 265 nm ultraviolet (UV) source based on a 1.2 kW peak power seeded ytterbium fibre amplifier and cascaded, single-pass second-harmonic generation in periodically poled KTP and bulk BBO is reported. The scalability of the power to hundreds of milliwatts in the UV is feasible.
A Randomized Crossover Intervention Study on the Effect a Standardized Maté Extract (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.) in Men Predisposed to Cardiovascular Risk (2020)

(1) Background: Due to its richness in chlorogenic acids (CGAs), Maté (<i>Ilex paraguariensis</i> A. St.-Hil.) could be of interest in the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases, however clinical evidence are lacking. This trial aimed to evaluate the impact of maté CGAs, consumed in a daily dose achievable through traditional maté beverages, on parameters related to cardiometabolic risk. (2) Design: Thirty-four male volunteers aged 45-65 years and with at most one criteria of metabolic syndrome, were recruited for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and crossover study. The volunteers were assigned to consume an encapsulated dry maté extract for four-weeks, providing 580 mg of caffeoyl quinic acid derivatives (CQAs) daily, or a placebo, with a two weeks washout between intervention periods. Anthropometric variables, blood pressure, plasma glucose, lipids, endothelial, and inflammatory biomarkers were measured in overnight-fasted subjects and after a glucose load. (3) Results: We found no significant effects of treatment on these parameters and the response to the glucose load was also similar between the two interventions. However, a significant decrease in fasting glucose was observed between day 0 and day 28 for the maté group only (-0.57 ± 0.11 mmol/L, <i>p</i> < 0.0002). In subjects with an intermediate to high Framingham risk score, consumption of maté extract induced a 10% increase of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-c from baseline. In a subgroup representative of the study population, significant decreases in the C-reactive protein (CRP) (-50%) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (-19%) levels were observed. (4) Conclusions: These clinical observations suggest that maté, naturally rich in CGAs, could improve some cardiometabolic markers in subjects with a higher predisposition to metabolic syndrome, even if that remains to be confirmed in new trials specifically targeting this population.
Computation Methods for Broad-Band 90° Phase-Difference Networks (1969)

The pole-zero frequencies and phase deviations of four-, six-, and eight-pole broad-band 90° phase-difference networks are derived by algebraic means. The results agree with those obtained by elliptic functions but lead to simpler computer solutions. An <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">RC</tex> design method based on a bridge circuit is developed. The conditions for minimum loss, maximum stability, and minimum number of circuit elements are stated for unterminated and terminated network pairs. Computer methods for obtaining network component values and circuit characteristics are described. A timesharing computer program is available for four-, six-, and eightpole networks and all frequency ranges.
The triazene moiety as a protecting group for aromatic amines (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe triazene moiety as a protecting group for aromatic aminesMargaret L. Gross, David H. Blank, and Willard M. WelchCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 8, 2104–2109Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00060a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00060a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2647Altmetric-Citations81LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Abbreviated magnetic resonance imaging vs ultrasound for surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma in high‐risk patients (2021)

In high-risk patients, AMRI-based surveillance approaches had higher sensitivities than ultrasound-only surveillance for early-stage HCC. A sequential MRI approach of CMRI followed by AMRIs showed superior accuracy than the AMRI-only or ultrasound-only approach.
Donor‐Like Surface Traps on Two‐Dimensional Electron Gas and Current Collapse of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs (2013)

The effect of donor-like surface traps on two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) and drain current collapse of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) has been investigated in detail. The depletion of 2DEG by the donor-like surface states is shown. The drain current collapse is found to be more sensitive to the addition of positive surface charges. Surface trap states with higher energy levels result in weaker current collapse and faster collapse process. By adopting an optimized backside doping scheme, the electron density of 2DEG has been improved greatly and the current collapse has been greatly eliminated. These results give reference to the improvement in device performance of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs.
Delayed kidney transplantation in combined liver-kidney transplantation (2021)

Several groups have shown that delayed kidney transplantation in CLKT is a safe procedure with better outcomes in graft(s) and patient survival.
Efficient Hydrographic Survey Planning Using An Environmentally Adaptive Approach (2006)

This paper examines the impact of adaptive line running on survey planning. Since the progression of an adaptive survey, i.e. the shape and position of the track lines, depends upon the topography and other factors, simulations must be used to estimate survey time. We see that the introduction of adaptive surveying can complicate this process due to sometimes dramatic differences in survey time estimates depending upon the alternatives chosen to execute a survey. A brief introduction is given to an implemented adaptive survey approach and a simulator developed for making survey time estimates. Results of simulation time estimates for a US Northeast coast survey are presented that reveal some of the unexpected dependencies that exist with adaptive surveys. Finally, a closer examination is provided regarding how user specified survey parameters may impact overall survey time.
Three-Center, Two-Electron Systems. Origin of the Tilting of Their Substituents (1996)

The origin of the tilting of the H-substituents of 14 parent three-center, two-electron (3c−2e) systems, C2H3+, C2H42+, C2H5+, B2H3-, B2H4, B2H5-, Be2H42-, Si2H3+, Si2H42+, Si2H5+, Al2H3-, Al2H4, Al2H5-, and Mg2H42-, is analyzed. The mixing of the σ and π orbitals underlies the upward tilt of these hydrogen substituents. Except for the ethyl cation and the ethylene dication, all 3c−2e sytems have all their hydrogens on one side of a plane that contains both heavy elements. These elements thus have inverted geometries. It is shown that the geometrical tilt angles between the X−Ht and the X−X bonds of all the 3c−2e electron systems (anions, cations, dianions, dications, and neutrals containing eight different elements of the first and second rows) correlate linearly with the electronegativities of the heavy elements. The electronic structures of these systems are also reported. They highlight the convex curvature of the X−X bonds. All the investigated 3c−2e systems are either minima or transition structures. The minima associated with the transition structures are identified.
Synthesis and Anti-influenza Evaluation of Polyvalent Sialidase Inhibitors Bearing 4-Guanidino-Neu5Ac2en Derivatives (2003)

Polyvalent sialidase inhibitors bearing 4-guanidino-Neu5Ac2en derivatives on a poly-L-glutamine backbone are described. Aiming for a longer retention time of 4-guanidino-Neu5Ac2en (zanamivir) in bronchi and lungs, we focused on supermolecules bearing 4-guanidino-Neu5Ac2en derivatives bound at their C-7 position through noncleavable alkyl ether linkages. We first found that alkylation of the 7-hydroxyl group of sialic acid derivative 8 proceeded smoothly, and produced 7-O-alkyl-4-guanidino-Neu5Ac2en derivatives 13, which exhibited equipotent inhibitory activity against not only influenza A virus sialidase but also influenza A virus in the cell culture. Next, we synthesized poly-L-glutamine bearing 7-O-alkyl-4-guanidino-Neu5Ac2en derivatives linked by amide bonds, 26, which showed enhanced antiviral activity against influenza A virus and more potent efficacy in vivo relative to a monomeric sialidase inhibitor.
Fluorescent Naphthalimide Dyes for Polyester Fibres (2009)

Several fluorescent and mostly newly-prepared dyes, derivatives of 4-aminonaphthalim ide, were synthesised. The structures of the dyes prepared were confirmed by 1H NMR analysis, and their properties were characterised by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and measurement of the melting points. Fluorescence emission spectra in various solvents were measured, and the quantum & relative fluorescence yield values were determined. All the dyes prepared were used in the coloration of polyester fabrics. The fastness properties of the resultant dyeings were determined, and their chromaticity coordinates and luminance coefficient β values were measured.
Current Status of MRI and PET in the NCCN Guidelines for Prostate Cancer (2019)

Prostate cancer (PCa) represents a significant source of morbidity and mortality for men in the United States, with approximately 1 in 9 being diagnosed with PCa in their lifetime. The role of imaging in the evaluation of men with PCa has evolved and currently plays a central role in diagnosis, treatment planning, and evaluation of recurrence. Appropriate use of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) and MRI-guided transrectal ultrasound (MR-TRUS) biopsy increases the detection of clinically significant PCa while decreasing the detection of clinically insignificant PCa. This process may help patients with clinically insignificant PCa avoid the adverse effects of unnecessary therapy. In the setting of a known PCa, patients with low-grade disease can be observed using active surveillance, which often includes a combination of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, serial mpMRI, and, if indicated, follow-up systematic and targeted TRUS-guided tissue sampling. mpMRI can provide important information in the posttreatment setting, but PET/CT is creating a paradigm shift in imaging standards for patients with locally recurrent and metastatic PCa. This article examines the strengths and limitations of mpMRI for initial PCa diagnosis, active surveillance, recurrent disease evaluation, and image-guided biopsies, and the use of PET/CT imaging in men with recurrent PCa. The goal of this review is to provide a rational basis for current NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology for PCa as they pertain to the use of these advanced imaging modalities.
Deposition of Gold Nanoparticles via Galvanic Replacement in DMSO and Their Influence on Formation of Silicon Nanostructures (2019)

The process of gold nanoparticle (AuNP) precipitation on the silicon (Si) surface by galvanic replacement (GR) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution depending on the concentration of H[AuCl 4 ], temperature, and duration was investigated. It is established that with an increase in the concentration of [AuCl 4 ] − ions (from 2 to 8 mM H[AuCl 4 ]), both the size of AuNPs and their surface coverage density are increased. It is demonstrated that an increase in temperature causes the size of AuNPs to increase from 40 to 80 nm at 40°C to 80–120 and 120–160 nm at 50 and 60°C, respectively. As the duration of the GR process increases, there is a tendency of the particle size growth. Under the studied deposition conditions, the organic aprotic solvent medium contributes to the formation of spherical AuNPs with 2D substrate filling. It is established that the AuNPs deposited on the silicon surface catalyze the process of metal-assisted chemical etching (MacEtch), which makes it possible to obtain Si nanostructures in the form of nanowire arrays.
Aberrations and Design of Graded-Index (GRIN) Rods Used as Image Relays (1971)

In this paper, we consider the aberrations and design of graded-index (GRIN) rods for use as image relays. Aberration formulas are derived based on the ray path solutions previously published by the authors. The aberrations are then minimized by selecting an optimal radial refractive index variation. We assume no index variation along the axis and also consider only monochromatic aberrations. Design curves and data on the number of resolvable spots are included. The accuracy of the aberration formulas is compared with total aberrations computed numerically.