gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Method for measuring the three-dimensional distribution of a fluorescent dye in a cell membrane (2007)

This letter reports on a method for accurately determining the component distribution in a cell membrane over the entire cell surface. This method involves exciting a fluorescent-dyed cell membrane using evanescent light and scanning the entire cell surface by rotating the cell using a noncontact technique, namely, proximal two-beam optical tweezers. To position the cell membrane in the thin evanescent field, the authors designed an optical system capable of precisely positioning the focal position. Using this method, they were able to measure the surface distribution of glycoprotein labeled by lectin in a breast cancer cell membrane.
Empagliflozin and dulaglutide: community awareness project promotes improved access to newly funded medications for Pacific patients with type 2 diabetes (2023)

Direct-to-consumer marketing is an effective way of increasing health awareness and uptake of newly funded diabetes medicine amongst Pacific patients with type 2 diabetes.
The FAR1 locus encodes a novel nuclear protein specific to phytochrome A signaling (1999)

The phytochrome family of photoreceptors has a well-defined role in regulating gene expression in response to informational light signals. Little is known, however, of the early steps of phytochrome signal transduction. Here we describe a new Arabidopsis mutant, far1 (far-red-impaired response), which has reduced responsiveness to continuous far-red light, but responds normally to other light wavelengths. This phenotype implies a specific requirement for FAR1 in phyA signal transduction. The far1 locus maps to the south arm of chromosome 4, and is not allelic to photomorphogenic loci identified previously. All five far1 alleles isolated have single nucleotide substitutions that introduce stop codons in a single ORF. The FAR1 gene encodes a protein with no significant sequence similarity to any proteins of known function. The FAR1 protein contains a predicted nuclear localization signal and is targeted to the nucleus in transient transfection assays. This result supports an emerging view that early steps in phytochrome signaling may be centered in the nucleus. The FAR1 gene defines a new multigene family, which consists of at least four genes in Arabidopsis. This observation raises the possibility of redundancy in the phyA-signaling pathway, which could account for the incomplete block of phyA signaling observed in the far1 mutant.
Essentials of Assessment Report Writing (2004)

Series Preface. One: Introduction and Overview. Two: Technical Aspects of Writing. Three: Referral and Background Information. Four: Behavioral Observations. Five: Test Results and Interpretation. Six: Diagnostic Impressions Summary. Seven: Personality Assessment (by Rita W. McCleary). Eight: Recommendations. Nine: Special Issues in Report Writing. Ten: Illustrative Case Reports. Appendix: Information About Tests Cited in the Text. References. Annotated Bibliography. Index.
N‐quaternary compounds. Part LIX. Facile synthesis of 3‐vinyl‐4(3H)‐pyrimidinethiones (1984)

Abstract 3‐Vinyl derivatives of 4(3 H )‐pyrimidinethiones have been prepared from 2,3‐dihydrothiazolo[3,2‐ c ]pyrimidinium derivatives through ring‐opening by a strong base such as potassium t ‐butoxide in DMF. The pyrimidinium derivative is initially prepared from 4(3 H )‐pyrimidinethiones. 3‐Vinyl‐4(3 H )‐pyrimidinethiones are also formed by the ready decarboxylation of 2,3‐dihydrothiazolo[3,2‐ c ]pyrimidinium‐3‐carboxylates. In the mass spectrometer the nature of the volatile species was elucidated by means of appearance potentials and fragmentation patterns.
Tuning the Dielectric Properties of Organic Semiconductors via Salt Doping (2013)

Enhancing the dielectric permittivity of organic semiconductors may open new opportunities to control charge generation and recombination dynamics in organic solar cells. The potential to tune the dielectric permittivity of organic semiconductors by doping them with redox inactive salts was explored using a combination of organic synthesis, electrical characterization, and time-resolved infrared spectroscopy. The addition of the salt, LiTFSI (lithium bis(trifluoro-methyl-sulfonyl)imide), to a conjugated polymer specifically designed to incorporate ions into its bulk phase increased the density of holes and enhanced the static dielectric permittivity of the polymer blend by more than an order of magnitude. The frequency and phase dependence of the real dielectric function demonstrates that the increase in dielectric permittivity resulted from dipolar motion of bound ion pairs or clusters of ions. Interestingly, the increases in the hole density and dielectric permittivity were associated with enhancement of the hole mobility by 2 orders of magnitude relative to the undoped polymer. The charge recombination lifetime also increased by an order of magnitude in the blend with a fullerene electron acceptor when ions were added to the polymer. The findings indicate that ion doping enables organic semiconductors with large increases in low frequency dielectric permittivity and that these changes result in improved charge transport and suppressed charge recombination on the microsecond time scale.
Pharmaceutical Applications of Cyclodextrins and Their Derivatives (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Some Characteristics of CyDs as Drug Carriers Hydrophilic CyDs Hydrophobic CyDs Ionizable CyDs Improvements in the Pharmaceutical Properties of Drugs Bioavailability Chemical and Physical Stability In Solution In the Solid State Release Control Immediate-release Prolonged-release Modified-release Delayed-release Enhancement of CyD Action by Combined Use with Additives Potential Use of CyDs in Peptide and Protein Formulation Absorption Enhancement by Hydrophilic CyDs Sustained-release of Peptide and Protein Drugs Inhibitory Effects of CyDs on Aggregate Formation of Polypeptides Site-specific Drug Delivery Colonic Delivery Application in Gene Therapies Perspectives
Biofunctionalized Capillary Flow Channel Platform Integrated with 3D Nanostructured Matrix to Capture Circulating Tumor Cells (2017)

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from peripheral blood account genetic information for cancer diagnosis and overall disease monitoring. Analysis of “liquid biopsy” holds immense promise as it may lead to new approaches for cancer treatment. The study reports effective and continuous flow microchannel system for isolating CTCs using transferrin conjugated 3D matrix synthesized by crosslinking polyethylene glycol‐Fe 3 O 4 nanostructures for rapid and efficient capturing of CTCs. The platform provides option of using multiple microchannel units in series that can influence higher cell‐capture efficiency due to increasing cell‐substrate contact frequency. CTCs are captured with high efficiency even at low concentration of target cells (~90% at 25 cells per mL blood). Furthermore, the study demonstrates that the cell‐capture performance is influenced by topographic interactions between nanostructure based matrix and cancer cells of interest. In addition, this study demonstrates the “proof of concept” using 3D microchannel system having capacity of simultaneously capturing and permanently eliminating CTCs from peripheral blood samples. Further, the study evaluates clinical samples of colon and breast cancer patients for rapid isolation of CTCs. Conclusively, the present platform demonstrates inordinate capacity for cancer cell sorting, biological studies of CTCs, and cancer metastasis, potentially benefiting the real time liquid biopsy and early prognosis of cancer.
Demonstration of Integrated Micro-Electro-Mechanical Relay Circuits for VLSI Applications (2010)

This work presents measured results from test chips containing circuits implemented with micro-electro-mechanical (MEM) relays. The relay circuits designed on these test chips illustrate a range of important functions necessary for the implementation of integrated VLSI systems and lend insight into circuit design techniques optimized for the physical properties of these devices. To explore these techniques a hybrid electro-mechanical model of the relays' electrical and mechanical characteristics has been developed, correlated to measurements, and then also applied to predict MEM relay performance if the technology were scaled to a 90 nm technology node. A theoretical, scaled, 32-bit MEM relay-based adder, with a single-bit functionality demonstrated by the measured circuits, is found to offer a factor of ten energy efficiency gain over an optimized CMOS adder for sub-20 MOPS throughputs at a moderate increase in area.
Genomic, Proteomic, and Phenotypic Spectrum of Novel O-Sialoglycoprotein Endopeptidase Variant in Four Affected Individuals With Galloway-Mowat Syndrome (2022)

Galloway-Mowat syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by a unique combination of renal and neurological manifestations, including early-onset steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, microcephaly, psychomotor delay, and gyral abnormalities of the brain. Most patients die during early childhood. Here, we identified a novel homozygous O-sialoglycoprotein endopeptidase (OSGEP) variant, NM_017807.3:c.973C>G (p.Arg325Gly), in four affected individuals in an extended consanguineous family from Saudi Arabia. We have described the detailed clinical characterization, brain imaging results, and muscle biopsy findings. The described phenotype varied from embryonic lethality to early pregnancy loss or death at the age of 9. Renal disease is often the cause of death. Protein modeling of this OSGEP variant confirmed its pathogenicity. In addition, proteomic analysis of the affected patients proposed a link between the KEOPS complex function and human pathology and suggested potential pathogenic mechanisms.
Linear motor for multi--car elevators: design and position measurement (2011)

Multi-car elevator is an emerging technology consisting of two or more elevator cars moving independently in an elevator hoistway, which has become more appealing as building heights increase. In this paper, the design and drive methodologies for a linear motor driven multi-car elevator system with independently moving cars is introduced together with experimental results. Additionally, a safety method developed for the linear motor elevator and the conditions necessary for its proper operation are discussed. The new results introduced in this paper are in the areas of the design method of the linear motor for multi-car elevator system, and the preliminary results for the position measurement system.
Supporting Disconnected Operation in Mobile CORBA (1999)

The results suggest that (1) the peak effect of different doses of METH occurs at different times (24 degrees ), (2) the diminished temperature response with chronic METH treatment was not associated with long-term dopamine and serotonin depletions, and (3) a two-phase temperature response to METH may reflect two independent mechanisms.
Semiconductor Quantum Well Lasers With a Temperature-Insensitive Threshold Current (2015)

This paper proposes and demonstrates a new multiquantum well (MQW) laser structure with a temperature-insensitive threshold current and output power. Normally, the mechanisms that cause the threshold current (I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> ) of semiconductor lasers to increase with increasing temperature T (thermal broadening of the gain spectrum, thermally activated carrier escape, Auger recombination, and intervalence band absorption) act together to cause I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> to increase as T increases. However, in the design presented here, carriers thermally released from some of the QWs are fed to the other QWs so that these mechanisms compensate rather than augment one another. The idea is in principle applicable to a range of materials systems, structures, and operating wavelengths. We have demonstrated the effect for the first time in 1.5 μm GaInAsP/InP Fabry-Perot cavity edge-emitting lasers. The results showed that it is possible to keep the threshold current constant over a temperature range of about 100 K and that the absolute temperature over which the plateau occurred could be adjusted easily by redesigning the quantum wells and the barriers between them. TEM studies of the structures combined with measurements of the electroluminescent intensities from the wells are presented and explain well the observed effects.
A hybrid Markov/semi-Markov conditional random field for sequence segmentation (2006)

Markov order-1 conditional random fields (CRFs) and semi-Markov CRFs are two popular models for sequence segmentation and labeling. Both models have advantages in terms of the type of features they most naturally represent. We propose a hybrid model that is capable of representing both types of features, and describe efficient algorithms for its training and inference. We demonstrate that our hybrid model achieves error reductions of 18% and 25% over a standard order-1 CRF and a semi-Markov CRF (resp.) on the task of Chinese word segmentation. We also propose the use of a powerful feature for the semi-Markov CRF: the log conditional odds that a given token sequence constitutes a chunk according to a generative model, which reduces error by an additional 13%. Our best system achieves 96.8% F-measure, the highest reported score on this test set.
[Neurological Manifestations in Antiphospholipid Syndrome]. (2021)

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by persistent presence of positive antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs). Historically, aPLs first attracted attention at the beginning of the 1970s, as a risk factor for the development of myelitis via cross-reaction with cephalin and sphingomyelin as neuronal tissue-enriched phospholipids. Primary APS manifestations include arteriovenous thrombosis and pregnancy complications; however, in rare cases, aPL-related neurological disorders including cognitive dysfunction, chorea, and transverse myelitis are observed." The pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for thrombosis, including cerebral infarction in APS, have been established from basic and clinical research to date. However, pathological insights and clinical perspectives have not yet been well-defined for aPL-related cognitive dysfunction, chorea, and myelitis. Based on past experiences and findings of small observational studies, some patients with aPL-related neurological disorders recover following antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy, but in some cases, multidisciplinary treatments with glucocorticoids and/or immunosuppressive agents, including cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, mycophenolate and rituximab, plasmapheresis, and psychoeducational support are required. A detailed research on pathophysiology and nationwide or international multicenter clinical trials for therapeutic strategies are vital for establishing sufficient basic and clinical understanding of aPL-related neurological manifestations.
Nanoparticle Films as Electrodes:  Voltammetric Sensitivity to the Nanoparticle Energy Gap (2007)

Electron-transfer reactions of redox solutes at electrode/solution interfaces are facilitated when their formal potentials match, or are close to, the energy of an electronic state of the electrode. Metal electrodes have a continuum of electronic levels, and redox reactions occur without restraint over a wide span of electrode potentials. This paper shows that reactions on electrodes composed of films of metal nanoparticles do have constraints when the nanoparticles are sufficiently small and molecule-like so as to exhibit energy gaps, and resist electron transfers with redox solutes at potentials within the energy gap. When solute formal potentials are near the electronic states of the nanoparticles in the film, electron-transfer reactions can occur. The electronic states of the nanoparticle film electrodes are reflected in the formal potentials of the electrochemical reactions of the dissolved nanoparticles at naked metal electrodes. These ideas are demonstrated by voltammetry of aqueous solutions of the redox solutes methyl viologen, ruthenium hexammine, and two ferrocene derivatives at films on electrodes of 1.1 nm core diameter Au nanoparticles coated with protecting monolayers of phenylethanethiolate ligands. The methyl viologen solute is unreactive at the nanoparticle film electrode, having a formal potential lying in the nanoparticle's energy gap. The other solutes exhibit electron transfers, albeit slowed by the electron hopping resistance of the nanoparticle film. The nanoparticles are not linked together, being insoluble in the aqueous medium; a small amount of an organic additive (acetonitrile) facilitates observing the redox solute voltammetry.
In Situ Cross-Linkable High Molecular Weight Hyaluronan−Bisphosphonate Conjugate for Localized Delivery and Cell-Specific Targeting: A Hydrogel Linked Prodrug Approach (2009)

We present here a novel synthesis route to functionalize high molecular weight hyaluronan (HMW-HA) with a hydrazide group and a bioactive ligand, namely bisphosphonate (BP). For this purpose, a new symmetrical self-immolative biscarbazate linker has been devised. The hydrazide group was used to form hydrazone cross-linked hydrogel upon treating with previously described aldehyde modified hyaluronan. The 1:1 weight ratio of these two polymers gave hydrogel in less than 30 s. In this communication we present the first in vitro results showing that even though HA can target CD44 positive cancer cells (HCT-116), receptor mediated endocytosis could only occur by cleavage of high molecular weight HA with an ubiquitous enzyme, hyaluronidase (Hase). The cancer cells are known to overexpress CD44 receptors and also increase the hyaluronidase activity in vivo. Thus the pro-drug design, based on drug conjugation to HMW-HA, represents a new drug delivery platform where the drug potency is triggered by Hase mediated degradation of the HA-drug conjugate. We have successfully demonstrated that the cross-linkable HA-BP conjugate first undergoes Hase-mediated scission to the fragments of suitable sizes so as to be internalized by CD44 positive cells. The specificity of this targeting was proven by comparing the results with less CD44 positive HEK-293T cells. The localized delivery of such drugs at the surgical resection site opens up avenues to control tumor recurrence after removal of the tumor. In the form of hydrogel it would prevent systemic exposure of the drug and would allow its controlled release.
The Loss of Hydrophobic Polypeptides during Fermentation and Conditioning of High Gravity and Low Gravity Brewed Beer (2002)

The object of this study was to investigate the loss of hydrophobic polypeptides, which are important for foam quality and stability in finished beer. Loss of hydrophobic polypeptide due to fermenter foaming occurs during transfer of fermented wort since a gradient of hydrophobic polypeptides towards the surface is created during fermentation. Due to higher polyphenol levels in high gravity (20°Plato) wort, more hydrophobic polypeptides are lost due to cold break (cold trub) precipitation compared to low gravity (12°Plato) wort. Another important factor affecting the loss of hydrophobic polypeptides could be proteinase A activity during fermentation, especially in high gravity fermentation where the yeast is exposed the higher stress. During high gravity fermentation, where osmotic pressures are higher, ethanol levels become greater, and nitrogen-carbohydrate ratios are lower, more proteinase A is released by the yeast. This release of proteinase A into fermenting wort could have implications for the foam stability of the finished product.
Real-time direct manipulation of screen-based videos (2013)

We describe direct video manipulation interactions applied to screen-based tutorials. In addition to using the video timeline, users of our system can quickly navigate into the video by mouse-wheel, double click over a rectangular region to zoom in and out, or drag a box over the video canvas to select text and scrub the video until the end of a text line even if not shown in the current frame. We describe the video processing techniques developed to implement these direct video manipulation techniques, and show how they are implemented to run in most modern web browsers using HTML5's CANVAS and Javascript.
Distributed Turbo Product Codes over Multiple Relays (2010)

In this paper, we propose a Distributed Turbo Product Code (DTPC) over cooperative network using block Bose Chaudhuri Hochquenghem (BCH) codes as component codes. The source broadcasts extended BCH coded frames to the destination and nearby relays. After decoding the received sequences, each relay constructs a product code by arranging the corrected bit sequences in rows and re-encoding them vertically using BCH as component codes to obtain an Incremental Redundancy (IR) for source's data. To obtain independent vertical parities from each relay in the same code space, different circular interleavers are proposed to interleave BCH rows before reencoding vertically. A modified turbo product decoder to cope with Multiple Vertical Parities (MVP) is used at the destination to iteratively decode the systematic data from the source and the vertical parities generated by the relays. Simulation results in Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel using network scenarios show 0.3-0.5dB gain improvement in Bit Error Rate (BER) performance over the non-cooperative Turbo Product Codes (TPC).
Address to the Military Surgeons (1946)

Address to the Military Surgeons Norman T. Kirk, U. S. Army Norman T. Kirk, U. S. Army The Surgeon General Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Military Surgeon, Volume 99, Issue 6, December 1946, Pages 749–752, https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/99.6.749 Published: 01 December 1946
Sequence Specific Detection of Restriction Enzymes at DNA-Modified Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors (2014)

Protein-DNA interactions play a central role in many cellular processes, and their misregulation has been implicated in a number of human diseases. Thus, there is a pressing need for the development of analytical strategies for interrogating the binding of proteins to DNA. Herein, we report the electrical monitoring of a prototypical DNA-binding protein, the PvuII restriction enzyme, at microfluidic-encapsulated, DNA-modified carbon nanotube field effect transistors. Our integrated platform enables the sensitive, sequence specific detection of PvuII at concentrations as low as 0.5 pM in a volume of 0.025 μL (corresponding to ~7500 proteins). These figures of merit compare favorably to state of the art values reported for alternative fluorescent and electrical assays. The overall detection strategy represents a step toward the massively parallel electrical monitoring, identification, and quantification of protein-DNA interactions at arrayed nanoscale devices.
Multivariate Density Estimation: an SVM Approach (1999)

We formulate density estimation as an inverse operator problem. We then use convergence results of empirical distribution functions to true distribution functions to develop an algorithm for multivariate density estimation. The algorithm is based upon a Support Vector Machine (SVM) approach to solving inverse operator problems. The algorithm is implemented and tested on simulated data from different distributions and different dimensionalities, gaussians and laplacians in $R^2$ and $R^{12}$. A comparison in performance is made with Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs). Our algorithm does as well or better than the GMMs for the simulations tested and has the added advantage of being automated with respect to parameters.