gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Wireless Motion Capture System for Shoulder Rehabilitation based on RFID Passive Tag Antenna Array (2021)

In this paper, a home-based wireless motion capture monitoring system for graded Range of Motion (ROM) Arc device of shoulder rehabilitation using ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio-frequency identification (RFID) at 920 MHz is proposed to realize self-service rehabilitation from 0 degrees to 180 degrees. This device applies to emerging 5G telemedicine, eliminating the need for manual monitoring. Using an array of 11 passive UHF RFID tag’s, each tag is labeled and represents a 15-degree angle along the arc. The tag’s Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) variations from tag backscattering response are used to determine the degree of the patient’s shoulder motion. An experimental prototype with the user interface is built based on conventional ROM, where the patient’s shoulder motion can be automatically captured for further analysis by a therapist. From the experiment, we determined the degree of the patient’s shoulder motion mapping average 35 dB RSSI variation from -80 dBm (with full hand contact) to -45 dBm (without hand contact) averaged.
A deficit in horizontal interactions causes an imbalance between feedforward and recurrent visual processing, resulting in texture segregation deficits (2010)

Although there is considerable evidence for the role of feedforward, horizontal, and recurrent interactions in figure-ground segregation, little is known about how this process would be affected by a selective deficit in one of these interactions. We conjectured that an early deficit in horizontal interactions would disturb the balance between feedforward and recurrent activity. Such an imbalance was expected in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), considering their aberrancies in visual perception. Accordingly, while recording EEG we tested healthy subjects and subjects with ASD on a new texture discrimination task, where surface segregation was varied independently from orientation boundaries. The data confirmed the already established role of recurrent processing in figure-ground segregation, as the feedback related activity decreased with decreasing perceptibility of the surface layout. Second, we found that subjects with ASD had lower performance scores compared to healthy controls on stimuli for which the detection of texture discontinuities was important. However, performance was similar for stimuli in which an extra surface layout was present. The EEG data confirmed this as the ERP associated with the detection of orientation boundaries was absent in the patient group. Interestingly, consecutive feedforward activity to extrastriate cortex was enhanced compared to controls and, finally, feedback activity was normal (although slightly delayed). Apparently, an initial deficit in boundary detection results in a subsequent imbalance between feedforward and recurrent activity. By this imbalance the visual system is able to compensate for deficits in early visual processing, resulting in the proper interpretation of a surface layout.
Blockchain-enabled tokenization for sustainable and inclusive infrastructure investment (2022)

Infrastructure is critical for enabling society to function and the economy to thrive, but there is an increasing mismatch between the need for infrastructure investments and available capital, which is in consequence of constraints on public resources and limited capacity to leverage the private sector co-financing under the current system. With the emergence of distributed ledger technology, such as blockchain-enabled tokenization, there is a significant potential to improve investment liquidity, transparency, efficiency and create new economic models to integrate non-financial values to promote sustainability and inclusiveness. This research analyzed 21 projects to investigate how tokenization is implemented in energy infrastructure projects. Exploratory case study analyses were conducted, which shows the diversity of tokenization arrangements. The state of the art, potential benefits, implications, and obstacles associated with the application of tokenization in infrastructure investment and development are discussed. The purpose of this research is to understand tokenization within the context of the energy sector but also to forecast its application in a broad spectrum of infrastructure projects (e.g., transportation, telecommunication, healthcare, education).
Active aerosols (2022)

We report the dynamics and control of the orientational and positional order of ensembles of gold nanorods suspended in air at standard temperature and pressure using externally applied electric fields, demonstrating an active aerosol. Light filter, valve and gradient responses are shown, establishing active aerosols as a unique type of optical element we term component-less optics.
Observation Of Ac Surface Discharge On Opaque Insulating Film By Pockels Effect (2005)

In order to design the insulation of high-voltage equipment, it is necessary to develop a measurement method for understanding the time dependence of AC (50 Hz) surface discharge on an insulating material. The authors have developed a method by which one can obtain the surface charge pattern and density by means of an electrooptic Pockels effect in BSO (Bi/sub 12/SiO/sub 20/) crystal. They have improved the optical system to obtain the time dependence of the AC (50 Hz) surface discharge pattern and density on an insulating film. The observed AC charge distribution on a PET film surface is reported. The relationship between needle-film gap size and residual surface charge pattern is discussed. >
Association of Shifting Populations in the Root Zone Microbiome of Millet with Enhanced Crop Productivity in the Sahel Region (Africa) (2015)

This study characterized specific changes in the millet root zone microbiome stimulated by long-term woody-shrub intercropping at different sites in Senegal. At the two study sites, intercropping with woody shrubs and shrub residue resulted in a significant increase in millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] yield (P < 0.05) and associated patterns of increased diversity in both bacterial and fungal communities in the root zone of the crop. Across four experiments, operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to Chitinophaga were consistently significantly (P < 0.001) enriched in the intercropped samples, and "Candidatus Koribacter" was consistently significantly enriched in samples where millet was grown alone. Those OTUs belonging to Chitinophaga were enriched more than 30-fold in residue-amended samples and formed a distinct subgroup from all OTUs detected in the genus. Additionally, OTUs belonging to 8 fungal genera (Aspergillus, Coniella, Epicoccum, Fusarium, Gibberella, Lasiodiplodia, Penicillium, and Phoma) were significantly (P < 0.005) enriched in all experiments at all sites in intercropped samples. The OTUs of four genera (Epicoccum, Fusarium, Gibberella, and Haematonectria) were consistently enriched at sites where millet was grown alone. Those enriched OTUs in intercropped samples showed consistently large-magnitude differences, ranging from 30- to 1,000-fold increases in abundance. Consistently enriched OTUs in intercropped samples in the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium also formed phylogenetically distinct subgroups. These results suggest that the intercropping system used here can influence the recruitment of potentially beneficial microorganisms to the root zone of millet and aid subsistence farmers in producing higher-yielding crops.
Adsorption and Enthalpic Partition Retention Mechanisms in Liquid Chromatography of Noncharged Synthetic Polymers. Two Critical Ranges (2004)

Two independent liquid chromatographic critical ranges were identified in systems composed of the non-end-capped silica gel C-18 column packing, poly(methyl methacrylate)s (PMMAs), and mixed eluents containing acetonitrile (ACN) and toluene at 35 °C. ACN suppressed surface adsorption of PMMA on free silanols and promoted enthalpic partition of polymer species in favor of a solvated C-18 bonded phase. On the contrary, toluene promoted adsorption of PMMA on silanols and suppressed its enthalpic partition in favor of the C-18 phase. Changing the eluent composition, it was possible to separately control both the above enthalpic retention mechanisms. Consequently, a critical adsorption range was reached at one eluent composition with a negligible or only small effect of enthalpic partition, and vice versa, compensation of enthalpic partition and exclusion retention mechanisms was attained in eluent-suppressing adsorption. In this way, the existence was indirectly proved of surface adsorption and enthalpic partition as two similar but independent enthalpic retention mechanisms operative in high-performance liquid chromatography of polymers. In many cases adsorption and enthalpic partition act concurrently in a synergetic or an antagonistic way, and this may strongly affect the selectivity of polymer separation.
Advanced photoelectric effect experiment beamline at Elettra: A surface science laboratory coupled with Synchrotron Radiation (2009)

We report the main characteristics of the advanced photoelectric effect experiments beamline, operational at Elettra storage ring, featuring a fully independent double branch scheme obtained by the use of chicane undulators and able to keep polarization control in both linear and circular mode. The paper describes the novel technical solutions adopted, namely, (a) the design of a quasiperiodic undulator resulting in optimized suppression of higher harmonics over a large photon energy range (10-100 eV), (b) the thermal stability of optics under high heat load via cryocoolers, and (c) the end station interconnected setup allowing full access to off-beam and on-beam facilities and, at the same time, the integration of users' specialized sample growth chambers or modules.
Electroencephalographic Abnormalities are Common in COVID ‐19 and are Associated with Outcomes (2021)

This multicenter retrospective cohort study demonstrates that seizures and other epileptiform abnormalities are common in patients with COVID-19 undergoing clinically indicated cEEG and are associated with adverse clinical outcomes. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:872-883.
Design and analysis of auto-focus assembly for spaceborne remote sensing camera (2011)

Spaceborne remote sensing camera may be out of focus when the environment and photographic distance changes. In order to get higher ground sampled distance for the camera, based on the experience gained from the development of a remote sensing camera, working principle of auto-focus assembly control system was discussed. Time of waveform extraction was reduced. It sets force an auto-focus assembly that uses cam and line guide rail in order to move the lens group. The motion error of the auto-focus assembly was difficult to be eliminated and would affect on the focusing accuracy of the spaceborne remote sensing camera directly. So it was analyzed at both ends of the focusing structure. The CCD detector can keep stable when the remote sensing camera is imaging. The motion error was tested to verify the validity of the simulation result and it is less than 0.01mm. Its accuracy meets using demand. The focusing method of moving focal plane is suitable for spaceborne remote sensing camera.
A 24GHz, 18dBm, Broadband, Three Stacked Power Amplifier in 28nm FDSOI (2018)

A three stacked power amplifier implemented in 28nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator complementary metal oxide semi-conductor technology (FDSOI CMOS) is presented. It has a differential architecture with on-chip input and output transformer baluns. The PA achieves a saturated output power level of 17.9dBm with a peak power added efficiency of 7% and an output referred gain compression point of 16.2dBm. It occupies a silicon area of 0.4 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , uses a supply voltage of 3V, and has a 3.3GHz 1-dB bandwidth at 24GHz.
Quantifying the neighborhood preservation of self-organizing feature maps (1992)

It is shown that a topographic product P, first introduced in nonlinear dynamics, is an appropriate measure of the preservation or violation of neighborhood relations. It is sensitive to large-scale violations of the neighborhood ordering, but does not account for neighborhood ordering distortions caused by varying areal magnification factors. A vanishing value of the topographic product indicates a perfect neighborhood preservation; negative (positive) values indicate a too small (too large) output space dimensionality. In a simple example of maps from a 2D input space onto 1D, 2D, and 3D output spaces, it is demonstrated how the topographic product picks the correct output space dimensionality. In a second example, 19D speech data are mapped onto various output spaces and it is found that a 3D output space (instead of 2D) seems to be optimally suited to the data. This is an agreement with a recent speech recognition experiment on the same data set.
Clonal evolution and specificity of the human T follicular helper cell response to Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (2021)

ABSTRACT T follicular helper (T FH ) cells play a crucial role in the development of long-lived, quality-improved B cell responses after infection and vaccination. However, little is known about their clonal evolution. Here we assessed the cell phenotype, clonal dynamics, and TCR specificity of human circulating T FH (cT FH ) cells at monoclonal level during successive malaria immunizations with radiation-attenuated Plasmodium falciparum ( Pf ) sporozoites. Repeated parasite exposures induced a dynamic, polyclonal cT FH response with high frequency of cells specific to the Pf circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP), the main surface protein of sporozoites and a validated vaccine target. Repeated immunizations were required to induce detectable PfCSP-reactive cT FH cell responses to a small number of epitopes. HLA-restrictions and differences in TCR generation probability explain the high targeting frequency of the polymorphic Th2R/T* region over the conserved T1 epitope. The vast majority of anti-Th2R/T* TCRs failed to tolerate natural polymorphisms in their target peptide sequence suggesting that parasite diversity limits natural boosting of the cT FH cell response in endemic areas and protection from non-vaccine strains. Among convergent anti-Th2R/T* TCRs with high sequence similarity, subtle differences in CDR3 composition discriminated cross-reactive from non-cross-reactive cT FH cells. Thus, our study provides deep molecular and cellular insights into the kinetics, fine specificity and HLA-restrictions of the anti-cT FH cell response that are of direct relevance for the design of PfCSP-based malaria vaccines by guiding the selection of PfCSP peptides that induce optimal B cell help.
The associations of leg lean mass with foot pain, posture and function in the Framingham foot study (2014)

Foot disorders are common in older adults and associated with impaired lower extremity function. Reduced muscle mass may play a role in the etiology of foot disorders and consequent poor function. We examined the association of leg lean mass with foot pain, posture and function among 1,795 individuals (mean age 67 years) from the population-based Framingham Foot Study (2002-2008). Pain was assessed via questionnaire, and a pressure mat classified foot posture (arch: high, low, referent) during standing and function (pronation, supination, referent) during gait. Leg lean mass was measured by whole body dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. In age- and body mass index-adjusted logistic (pain) and multinomial logistic (posture, function) regression models, a 1-standard deviation increase in leg lean mass was associated with lower odds of foot pain (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.68, 0.86) and pronation (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.67, 0.85), and higher odds of supination (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.31). Adjustment for sex attenuated these associations. Higher leg lean mass was associated with lower odds of high arch, even after adjustment for sex (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.60, 0.89). Though not related to foot pain or function, reduced leg lean mass was associated with extreme foot posture in older adults. Loss of muscle mass with aging may thus play a role in the etiology of functional impairment due to foot disorders.
Preparation of nano‐sized manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) via coprecipitation method (2006)

Abstract Nano‐sized manganese ferrite (MnFe 2 O 4 ) powder has been synthesized via coprecipitation method, using FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O and MnSO 4 ·H 2 O as starting materials. An aqueous solution of the starting materials, containing Fe 2+ and Mn 2+ in the ratio required in the ferrite, was poured into an NaOH alkaline solution. A greenish precipitate was formed, which carefully washed and dried for 6 h at 80 °C. The dried powder was then heated for 2 h at different temperatures in argon atmosphere and then rapidly cooled to room temperature, using water quenching. XRD patterns of the samples show that the sample annealed at 1050 °C is single phase. Also using Scherrer's formula a mean crystallite size of 80 nm was obtained. Magnetic measurements were performed on cold pressed pellets, using a sensitive permeameter with a maximum field of 1.2 T. The results show that a single phase MnFe 2 O 4 nano‐sized powder can be obtained at annealing temperature of 1050 °C, which is lower than 1250 °C related to the annealing temperature of the same ferrite, prepared by the conventional ceramic technique. Saturation magnetization of the single‐phase sample was 1330 G, which is lower than 5000 G related to a bulk sample. The difference between the values is reasonable, because the magnetic measurements were performed on cold‐pressed unsintered nano sized powders. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Microtexture and nanoindentation study of delamination cracking in Al-Cu-Li-X alloys (2006)

Commercial Al-Li alloys have strength and weight advantages over non-Al-Li alloys. The fracture behavior of these alloys is unusual and has limited their use. The fracture mode, described as delamination, is intergranular, along the broad grain boundaries parallel to the rolling plane of the plate. Microtexture analyses have shown that delaminations occur along boundaries with greater than 30 misorientation. However, it was observed that relatively few of the high angle boundaries exhibited this behavior. Some grains of the retained deformation texture show high internal misorientation, which is a measure of stored strain energy. Delamination tends to occur between these grains and adjacent, recrystallized grains. Nanoindentation studies indicate a higher hardness for the high internal misorientation grains. These results suggest that the delamination
Antibodies against biotinylated proteins are present in normal human serum. (1994)

Antibodies against biotinylated proteins have been identified in 10% of individuals tested (6/60). These antibodies bind readily to biotinylated proteins (50% inhibitory concentration = 0.59 mumol/L) but only modestly to free biotin or biocytin. It is unlikely that any clinical consequences occur as a result of these antibodies, because the affinity for free biotin is too low (50% inhibitory concentration = 0.51 mmol/L) to affect the normal level of free plasma biotin, 0.5 nmol/L. The pathogenesis of this antibiotin immune response is unclear. Repeat testing of several individuals 5 months apart indicated that the antibiotin response was stable. In addition, 51 of the individuals tested for antibiotin antibodies were also examined for antiavidin antibodies. Whereas five were positive for antiavidin, only one individual was positive for both antibiotin and antiavidin antibodies. The presence of an antibiotin antibody is unlikely to affect the in vivo use of biotinylated proteins or cells in human subjects because its affinity for biotinylated proteins is modest and the level of biotinylation for in vivo studies is intentionally low. However, these antibodies may affect clinical or laboratory assays based on the biotin-avidin system where an antibiotin antibody may either positively or negatively affect the specific assay.
Magnetic Resonance Angiography of Cerebral Arteries After Neonatal Venoarterial and Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (2005)

MRA is a useful technique to quantify cerebral blood flow in neonates after venoarterial or venovenous ECMO and could be used to select neonates with insufficient collateral compensation after venoarterial ECMO, requiring revascularization surgery.
Treatment of intrinsic sphincter deficiency using autologous ear chondrocytes as a bulking agent (2001)

Intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) is frequently treated with collagen bulking at the bladder neck. The standard material used, Contigen, biodegrades over 3-19 months requiring repeated injections to maintain efficacy. The study objective was to evaluate use of autologous ear chondrocytes for treatment of ISD. Women with documented ISD had harvest of auricular cartilage. Chondrocytes were isolated from the cartilage and expanded in culture and formulated with calcium alginate to form an injectable gel. Thirty-two patients received a single outpatient injection just distal to the bladder neck. Outcome measures included voiding diary, quality-of-life scores, incontinence severity grading, and pad weight testing. Incontinence grading indicated 16 patients dry, and 10 improved at 12 months for a total of 26 of 32 (81.3%) dry and improved after one treatment. Only four patients had a 12-month pad weight test over 2.2 g. Quality-of-life scores improved significantly after treatment. There was a decrease in incontinence impact scores in all categories. The urogenital distress inventory declined for all categories except bladder emptying and lower abdominal pain. Endoscopic treatment of ISD with autologous chondrocytes is safe, effective, and durable with 50 % of patients dry 12 months after one injection. Twenty-six of 32 patients dry or improved at 3 months after the injection maintained the effect at the 12-month visit.
Association of chromosome 19q13.2-3 haplotypes with basal cell carcinoma: tentative delineation of an involved region using data for single nucleotide polymorphisms in two cohorts (2002)

We have previously used single nucleotide polymorphisms to detect an association of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in Caucasian Americans and Danes with the genome region 19q13.2-3, which contains several genes involved in the nucleotide excision repair of DNA. In this exploratory paper we have extended the data and used them in a chromosomal scan. The results indicate the presence of a gene variation modulating the risk of developing BSS in a submegabase region including and surrounding the gene RAI. Specifically, persons that are homozygous for the haplotype RAI intron 1(A) RAI exon 6(A) appear at increased risk for BCC. In addition, we have looked for possible synergisms between all pairs of markers. We find that a marker in GLTSCR1, presumably separated from RAI by several million bases, supplements the most significant marker in RAI in separating cases from controls, which may suggest the presence of an independent, risk-modulating variation in this second gene region.