gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Northwoods Elegy (2004)

On Being a Doctor5 October 2004Northwoods ElegyDavid P. Steensma, MDDavid P. Steensma, MDFrom University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-7-200410050-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The paddles we grip are aspen and white pine. Our canoe's thwarts are cedar; the heavy yoke of the canoe is varnished maple, carved from the same tall trees that rim this remote northern lake. As our boat glides through thick morning mist, I kneel in the stern and gently steer us away from the ripples that warn of unforgiving boulders just beneath the water's dark surface. Up in the bow, an old friend is scanning the shoreline, hoping to catch sight of a moose.Although he is a lifelong city dweller, my canoe mate was chosen for this trip ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom.Corresponding Author: David P. Steensma, MD, MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom; e-mail, steensma.[email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 5 October 2004Volume 141, Issue 7Page: 573-574KeywordsCyclic adenosine monophosphateHand strengthHospital medicineRibsRunningShouldersStent implantationSurgeryUrineWilderness ePublished: 5 October 2004 Issue Published: 5 October 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Performance Analysis of Antenna Selection Algorithms in Spatial Modulation Systems with Imperfect CSIR (2013)

Two antenna selection algorithms, namely the Euclidean Distance optimized Antenna Selection (EDAS) and Capacity Optimized Antenna Selection (COAS) are studied in the context of Spatial Modulation (SM) systems operating with the aid of imperfect Channel State Information at the Receiver (CSIR). The Symbol Error Rate (SER) performance of these schemes is compared to that of the conventional MIMO (CMIMO) system employing transmit antenna selection. It was observed that the SM system employing antenna selection attains significant Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) gains compared to the C-MIMO system employing antenna selection, especially in the low to moderate SNR regime. Furthermore, we propose a lowcomplexity iterative data-detection/channel-estimation algorithm for the SM system operating with imperfect CSIR that offers an almost identical SER performance as that of the SM system operating with perfect CSIR. Index Terms ?? Spatial modulation, antenna selection, limited feedback, diversity, and capacity.
Prioritizing interventions for preventing COVID-19 outbreaks in military basic training (2022)

Like other congregate living settings, military basic training has been subject to outbreaks of COVID-19. We sought to identify improved strategies for preventing outbreaks in this setting using an agent-based model of a hypothetical cohort of trainees on a U.S. Army post. Our analysis revealed unique aspects of basic training that require customized approaches to outbreak prevention, which draws attention to the possibility that customized approaches may be necessary in other settings, too. In particular, we showed that introductions by trainers and support staff may be a major vulnerability, given that those individuals remain at risk of community exposure throughout the training period. We also found that increased testing of trainees upon arrival could actually increase the risk of outbreaks, given the potential for false-positive test results to lead to susceptible individuals becoming infected in group isolation and seeding outbreaks in training units upon release. Until an effective transmission-blocking vaccine is adopted at high coverage by individuals involved with basic training, need will persist for non-pharmaceutical interventions to prevent outbreaks in military basic training. Ongoing uncertainties about virus variants and breakthrough infections necessitate continued vigilance in this setting, even as vaccination coverage increases.
P-cadherin as prognostic factor for loco-regional relapse in breast cancer. (2013)

P-cadherin was related to other known factors of worse prognosis and had an independent relation to disease-free survival. P-cadherin might constitute a novel therapeutic target, but its real biological value is yet to be determined. Doubt persists whether it is an independent marker of tumour behaviour or only a surrogate marker of a set of clinical and molecular features related with worse prognosis.
Frequência de corte de plantas de pimenta longa (Piper hispidinervum C.DC.) para fins de produção de biomassa, estração de óleo essencial e quantificação de safrol. (2001)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-10T06:29:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1\np5763.pdf: 241282 bytes, checksum: 0dd809189be0fba78208c4c01d18952d (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2003-07-22
Avian 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA lyase: Sensitivity of enzyme activity to thiol/disulfide exchange and identification of proximal reactive cysteines (1992)

Catalysis by purified avian 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase is critically dependent on the reduction state of the enzyme, with less than 1% of optimal activity being observed with the air-oxidized enzyme. The enzyme is irreversibly inactivated by sulfhydryl-directed reagents with the rate of this inactivation being highly dependent upon the redox state of a critical cysteine. Methylation of reduced avian lyase with 1 mM 4-methylnitrobenzene sulfonate results in rapid inactivation of the enzyme with a k(inact) of 0.178 min-1. The oxidized enzyme is inactivated at a sixfold slower rate (k(inact) = 0.028 min-1). Inactivation of the enzyme with the reactive substrate analog 2-butynoyl-CoA shows a similar dependence upon the enzyme's redox state, with a sevenfold difference in k(inact) observed with oxidized vs. reduced forms of the enzyme. Chemical cross-linking of the reduced enzyme with stoichiometric amounts of the bifunctional reagents 1,3-dibromo-2-propanone (DBP) or N,N'-ortho-phenylene-dimaleimide (PDM) coincides with rapid inactivation. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of enzyme treated with bifunctional reagent reveals a band of twice the molecular weight of the lyase monomer, indicating that an intersubunit cross-link has been formed. Differential labeling of native and cross-linked protein with [1-14C]iodoacetate has identified as the primary cross-linking target a cysteine within the sequence VSQAACR, which maps at the carboxy-terminus of the cDNA-deduced sequence of the avian enzyme (Mitchell, G.A., et al., 1991, Am. J. Hum. Genet. 49, 101). In contrast, bacterial HMG-CoA lyase, which contains no corresponding cysteine, is not cross-linked by comparable treatment with bifunctional reagent. These results provide evidence for a potential regulatory mechanism for the eukaryotic enzyme via thiol/disulfide exchange and identify a cysteinyl residue with the reactivity and juxtaposition required for participation in disulfide formation.
Polygenic and directional regulatory evolution across pathways inSaccharomyces (2010)

The search to understand how genomes innovate in response to selection dominates the field of evolutionary biology. Powerful molecular evolution approaches have been developed to test individual loci for signatures of selection. In many cases, however, an organism's response to changes in selective pressure may be mediated by multiple genes, whose products function together in a cellular process or pathway. Here we assess the prevalence of polygenic evolution in pathways in the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. bayanus. We first established short-read sequencing methods to detect cis-regulatory variation in a diploid hybrid between the species. We then tested for the scenario in which selective pressure in one species to increase or decrease the activity of a pathway has driven the accumulation of cis-regulatory variants that act in the same direction on gene expression. Application of this test revealed a variety of yeast pathways with evidence for directional regulatory evolution. In parallel, we also used population genomic sequencing data to compare protein and cis-regulatory variation within and between species. We identified pathways with evidence for divergence within S. cerevisiae, and we detected signatures of positive selection between S. cerevisiae and S. bayanus. Our results point to polygenic, pathway-level change as a common evolutionary mechanism among yeasts. We suggest that pathway analyses, including our test for directional regulatory evolution, will prove to be a relevant and powerful strategy in many evolutionary genomic applications.
Thrombin Induces Tumor Invasion through the Induction and Association of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and β1-Integrin on the Cell Surface (2007)

The procoagulatory serine protease, thrombin, is known to induce invasion and metastasis in various cancers, but the mechanisms by which it promotes tumorigenesis are poorly understood. Because the 92-kDa gelatinase (MMP-9) is a known mediator of tumor cell invasion, we sought to determine whether and how thrombin regulates MMP-9. The thrombin receptor, PAR-1, and MMP-9 are expressed in osteosarcomas, as determined by immunohistochemistry. Stimulation of U2-OS osteosarcoma cells with thrombin and a thrombin receptor-activating peptide induced pro-MMP-9 secretion as well as cell surface-associated pro-MMP-9 expression and proteolytic activity. This was paralleled by an increase in MMP-9 mRNA and MMP-9 promoter activity. Thrombin-induced invasion of U2-OS cells through Matrigel was mediated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway and could be inhibited with an MMP-9 antibody. The stimulation of MMP-9 by thrombin was paralleled by an increase in beta1-integrin mRNA and beta1-integrin expression on the cell surface, which was also mediated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and was required for invasion. Thrombin activation induced and co-localized both beta1-integrin and pro-MMP-9 on the cell membrane, as evidenced by co-immunoprecipitation, confocal microscopy, and a protein binding assay. The thrombin-mediated association of these two proteins, as well as thrombin-mediated invasion of U2-OS cells, could be blocked with a cyclic peptide and with an antibody preventing binding of the MMP-9 hemopexin domain to beta1-integrin. These results suggest that thrombin induces expression and association of beta1-integrin with MMP-9 and that the cell surface localization of the protease by the integrin promotes tumor cell invasion.
Effects of okadaic acid and ATPγS on cell length and Ca2+‐channel currents recorded in single smooth muscle cells of the guinea‐pig taenia caeci (1991)

1. The effects of inhibiting phosphatase activity on Ca(2+)-channel currents and cell shortening in single cells of the guinea-pig taenia caeci were investigated by whole-cell voltage clamp and video recording techniques. 2. Ca(2+)-channel currents were isolated by use of pipette solutions containing Cs, tetraethylammonium and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (3 mM). Ca2+ or Ba2+ (7.5 mM) in the bathing solution acted as the charge carrier during inward current flow. 3. Ca(2+)-channel currents in 7.5 mM Ba2+ (IBa) were recorded at potentials positive to -40 mV, were maximal near 0 mV and reversed near +60 mV. Both the inward and outward flow of current was blocked by 100 microM Cd2+. 4. Addition of the ATP analogue, adenosine 5'-O(3-thiotriphosphate) (ATP gamma S) (1 mM) to the pipette solution (containing 3 mM ATP) caused cell shortening to 23 +/- 2% (n = 5) of their initial length within 5 min. Control cells (containing 4 mM ATP) did not contract during recording periods up to 60 min in duration. 5. IBa, recorded 1-2 min after membrane rupture, was 134 +/- 19 (n = 13) pA, compared with 209 +/- 25 (n = 5) pA in control cells, otherwise there were no significant time-dependent effects of ATP gamma S. In particular, ATP gamma S did not prevent the decrease in amplitude, nor the acceleration of inactivation when Ca2+ (7.5 mM) replaced Ba2+ as the permeating ion. 6. Okadaic acid (OA) (50 microM), a chemical inhibitor of phosphatase activity, produced similar effects when applied intracellularly. When OA (25,microM) was applied extracellularly the rate of rundown of 'Ba was slowed. 7. Isoprenaline (1 microM) alone had no effect on 'Ba, but induced a small increase in IBa in the presence of OA (25 microM). 8. Thus, our results indicate that (1) the contractions in ATP gamma S and OA may well arise from the activation of a kinase which phosphorylates myosin at low concentrations of Ca2 +, and (2) changes in the state of phosphorylation of Ca2+ channels, or associated proteins, in the taenia caeci modulate their function, but probably not via mechanisms involving cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases.
Novel Hierarchical Fall Detection Algorithm Using a Multiphase Fall Model (2017)

Falls are the primary cause of accidents for the elderly in the living environment. Reducing hazards in the living environment and performing exercises for training balance and muscles are the common strategies for fall prevention. However, falls cannot be avoided completely; fall detection provides an alarm that can decrease injuries or death caused by the lack of rescue. The automatic fall detection system has opportunities to provide real-time emergency alarms for improving the safety and quality of home healthcare services. Two common technical challenges are also tackled in order to provide a reliable fall detection algorithm, including variability and ambiguity. We propose a novel hierarchical fall detection algorithm involving threshold-based and knowledge-based approaches to detect a fall event. The threshold-based approach efficiently supports the detection and identification of fall events from continuous sensor data. A multiphase fall model is utilized, including free fall, impact, and rest phases for the knowledge-based approach, which identifies fall events and has the potential to deal with the aforementioned technical challenges of a fall detection system. Seven kinds of falls and seven types of daily activities arranged in an experiment are used to explore the performance of the proposed fall detection algorithm. The overall performances of the sensitivity, specificity, precision, and accuracy using a knowledge-based algorithm are 99.79%, 98.74%, 99.05% and 99.33%, respectively. The results show that the proposed novel hierarchical fall detection algorithm can cope with the variability and ambiguity of the technical challenges and fulfill the reliability, adaptability, and flexibility requirements of an automatic fall detection system with respect to the individual differences.
Content and Composition of Branched-Chain Fatty Acids in Bovine Milk Are Affected by Lactation Stage and Breed of Dairy Cow (2016)

Dairy products contain bioactive fatty acids (FA) and are a unique dietary source of an emerging class of bioactive FA, branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA). The objective of this study was to compare the content and profile of bioactive FA in milk, with emphasis on BCFA, among Holstein (HO), Jersey (JE), and first generation HO x JE crossbreeds (CB) across a lactation to better understand the impact of these factors on FA of interest to human health. Twenty-two primiparous cows (n = 7 HO, n = 7 CB, n = 8 JE) were followed across a lactation. All cows were fed a consistent total mixed ration (TMR) at a 70:30 forage to concentrate ratio. Time points were defined as 5 days in milk (DIM), 95 DIM, 185 DIM, and 275 DIM. HO and CB had a higher content of n-3 FA at 5 DIM than JE and a lower n-6:n-3 ratio. Time point had an effect on the n-6:n-3 ratio, with the lowest value observed at 5 DIM and the highest at 185 DIM. The content of vaccenic acid was highest at 5 DIM, yet rumenic acid was unaffected by time point or breed. Total odd and BCFA (OBCFA) were higher in JE than HO and CB at 185 and 275 DIM. Breed affected the content of individual BCFA. The content of iso-14:0 and iso-16:0 in milk was higher in JE than HO and CB from 95 to 275 DIM. Total OBCFA were affected by time point, with the highest content in milk at 275 DIM. In conclusion, HO and CB exhibited a higher content of several bioactive FA in milk than JE. Across a lactation the greatest content of bioactive FA in milk occurred at 5 DIM and OBCFA were highest at 275 DIM.
Thioredoxin-1 Ameliorates Myosin-Induced Autoimmune Myocarditis by Suppressing Chemokine Expressions and Leukocyte Chemotaxis in Mice (2004)

TRX-1 attenuates EAM by suppressing chemokine expressions and leukocyte chemotaxis in mice.
THICKNESS DEPENDENCE OF MAGNETIZATION AND MAGNETOSTRICTION OF NiFe AND NiFeRh FILMS (1988)

The saturation magnetization, 4πMs, and the magnetostriction constant, λ, of Ni81Fe19, Ni81Fe19/Ta and Ni72Fe17Rh11/ Ta thinfilms were studied as a function of film thickness before and after annealing. For films of thickness t < 200 Å, 4πMs, and λs were found to be strongly dependent on film thickness with even larger variation after annealing. Auger depth profiles have shown the existence of inhomogeneous interfacial layer at the film surface, Ta/film and film/substrate interfaces. The presence of such layers of different composition and magnetic properties from the film bulk, can explain the observed behavior of 4πMs and λs.
Consensus Tracking Control of Multiple Quadrotors with a Cooperative Leader (2020)

This paper discusses the design of a consensus tracking algorithm with the practical implementation of solving distributed altitude and attitude tracking of multiple quadrotors. In contrast to most of the existing works that consider a leader agent that is non-cooperative, this paper proposes an algorithm that allows the leader agent to receive feedback from a subset of the followers. Firstly, the feedback linearization technique is utilized on the nonlinear quadrotor dynamics which yield a simple linear system. Then, the proposed consensus tracking algorithm is designed and employed to the resulting linear system to achieve consensus tracking on altitude and attitudes via local interaction between neighbours. Results obtained show that the proposed consensus tracking for a group of quadrotors can improve connectivity preservation as compared to the non-cooperative leader in the presence of an obstacle. Based on the formulation of the controller, the methodology can be easily adapted to various systems such as attitude synchronization of multiple satellite systems.
The generalized Beta wavelets for fluvial channels delineation of seismic data (2017)

Time-frequency analysis of reflection seismic data can provide significant information to delineate the subsurface fluvial channels. Based on the convolution model of reflection seismology, the continuous analytic wavelet transform (AWT) of a seismic signal requires that the mother wavelet can be match to the real seismic waveform. Therefore, we propose a new analytic wavelet family, which we refer to the generalized Beta wavelets (GBWs). By varying two parameters controlling the wavelet shapes, the time-frequency representation of GBWs can be given enough flexibility while remaining exactly analytic. For an adaptive trade-off of the time-frequency representation, a data-driven workflow is designed to optimize suitable parameters of GBWs in the seismic time-frequency analysis. Finally, we apply AWT with GBWs on 3D seismic data to show its potential to discriminate stacked fluvial channels in vertical sections and to delineate more distinct fluvial channels in the horizon slices. Presentation Date: Tuesday, September 26, 2017 Start Time: 10:35 AM Location: 350D Presentation Type: ORAL
On the capacity region of broadcast over wireless erasure networks (2006)

In this paper, we consider a special class of wireless networks, called wireless erasure networks. In these networks, each node is connected to a set of nodes by independent erasure channels. The network model incorporates the broadcast nature of the wireless environment in that each node sends out the same signal on its outgoing channels. However, we assume there is no interference in reception. In this paper we first look at the single source single destination unicast problem. We obtain the capacity under the assumption that erasure locations on all the links of the network are provided to the destination. It turns out that the capacity has a nice max-flow min-cut interpretation. The definition of cut-capacity in these network is such that it incorporates the broadcast property of the wireless medium. In the second part of the paper, a time-sharing scheme for broadcast problems over these networks is proposed and its achievable region is analyzed. We show that for some special cases, this time-sharing scheme is optimal.
Graphene-based antimicrobial nanomaterials: rational design and applications for water disinfection and microbial control (2017)

Through rational design, graphene-based antimicrobial nanomaterials provide promising alternative approaches for sustainable water disinfection and microbial control.
Impact of the Endocannabinoid System on Bone Formation and Remodeling in p62 KO Mice (2022)

Several studies have shown that the G-protein coupled cannabinoid receptor CB2 and its interaction partner p62 are molecularly involved in bone remodeling processes. Pharmacological activation of the CB2 receptor enhanced bone volume in postmenopausal osteoporosis and arthritis models in rodents, whereas knockout or mutation of the p62 protein in aged mice led to Paget's disease of bone-like conditions. Studies of pharmacological CB2 agonist effects on bone metabolism in p62 KO mice have not been performed to date. Here, we assessed the effect of the CB2-specific agonist JWH133 after a short-term (5 days in 3-month-old mice) or long-term (4 weeks in 6-month-old mice) treatment on structural, dynamic, and cellular bone morphometry obtained by μCT of the femur and histomorphometry of the vertebral bodies in p62 KO mice and their WT littermates <i>in vivo</i>. A genotype-independent stimulatory effect of CB2 on bone formation, trabecular number, and trabecular thickness after short-term treatment and on tissue mineral density after long-term treatment was detected, indicating a weak osteoanabolic function of this CB2 agonist. Moreover, after short-term systemic CB2 receptor activation, we found significant differences at the cellular level in the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts only in p62 KO mice, together with a weak increase in trabecular number and a decrease in trabecular separation. Long-term treatment showed an opposite JWH133 effect on osteoclasts in WT versus p62 KO animals and decreased cortical thickness only in treated p62 KO mice. Our results provide new insights into CB2 receptor signaling <i>in vivo</i> and suggest that CB2 agonist activity may be regulated by the presence of its macromolecular binding partner p62.