gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trip planning for electric vehicle through optimal driving using genetic algorithm (2016)

Due to limited charging capacity of battery, optimal driving of an electric vehicle is important to utilize the available charge in an efficient manner to complete the entire route. In this respect, a novel system for trip planning of electric vehicle is presented here through adopting an optimal driving strategy (ODS). The ODS was determined by solving an associated multi-objective optimization problem using a genetic algorithm. The optimization problem deals with three conflicting objectives, minimizing trip time while minimizing energy consumption and maximizing comfort. The proposed system presents a set of optimal driving strategy (ODS) to the driver along with the corresponding range, trip end battery state-of-charge, and trip time to select a best one to perform the journey. It was observed that use of ODS not only saves energy but also provides guidance to ameliorate various EV-related drawbacks.
Precision rectification of airborne SAR image (2002)

A simple and direct procedure for the rectification of a certain class of airborne SAR data is presented. The relief displacements of SAR data are effectively removed by means of a digital elevation model and the image is transformed to the ground coordinate system. SAR data from the Danish EMISAR is used. The EMISAR produces data with a geometrical resolution of 2.0 meters. The corrected image is tested against photogrammetric control measurements and an accuracy better than 0.5 pixel corresponding to 0.75 meters is obtained. The results indicate promising possibilities for the application of SAR data in the difficult process of map revision and updating.
TGF 1 and SGK1-sensitive store-operated Ca2+ entry and Orai1 expression in endometrial Ishikawa cells (2013)

The serum-and-glucocorticoid-inducible-kinase-1 (SGK1) is ubiquitously expressed and under genomic control by cell stress, hormones and further mediators. A most powerful stimulator of SGK1 expression is transforming growth factor TGFβ1. SGK1 is activated by insulin and growth factors via phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and the 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase PDK1. As shown recently, SGK1 increases the store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE), which is accomplished by the pore-forming ion channel unit Orai. Most recent observations further revealed that SGK1 plays a critical role in the regulation of fertility. SGK1 is up-regulated in the luminal epithelium of women with unexplained infertility but down-regulated in decidualizing stromal cells of patients with recurrent pregnancy loss. The present study explored whether Orai1 is expressed in endometrium and sensitive to regulation by SGK1 and/or TGFβ1. To this end, Orai1 protein abundance was determined by western blotting and SOCE by fura-2 fluorescence. As a result, Orai1 was expressed in human endometrium and in human endometrial Ishikawa cells. Orai1 expression and SOCE in Ishikawa cells were increased by transfection with constitutively active (S422D)SGK1 but not by transfection with inactive (K127N)SGK1. The difference of SOCE between (S422D)SGK1 and (K127N)SGK1-transfected cells was virtually abrogated in the presence of Orai1 inhibitor 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB, 50 µM). Similar to (S422D)SGK1 transfection TGFβ1 treatment up-regulated both Orai1 protein abundance and SOCE. In conclusion, Orai1 is expressed in the human endometrium and is up-regulated by SGK1 and TGFβ1. The present observations thus uncover a novel element in SGK1-sensitive regulation of endometrial cells.
When Is It Appropriate to Order an Ionized Calcium? (2008)

Convincing evidence demonstrates that ionized calcium and not total calcium is the physiologically relevant component of blood calcium. Direct measurement of ionized calcium, however, is limited by difficulties in accurate analysis, lack of standardization, and need for special handling, all resulting in increased cost; therefore, strategies have been developed to estimate ionized calcium from total calcium adjusted for levels of albumin, measurements that are more available and relatively inexpensive. This commentary compares the advantages and limitations of direct or calculated determinations of ionized calcium. Also examined are available data illustrating the settings in which measurement of ionized calcium is preferred and, in some cases, necessary for clinical decision-making.
Chapter VI: High polymeric materials (1964)

Chemical Abstracts was used in the compilation of these references. Our review of high polymer dielectrics will depart from the review of last year in the subject matter covered, format, and grouping of references. Patents have been excluded from this review, but those applicable to this chapter can be easily found in Chemical Abstracts. The references have been grouped according to the physical properties investigated and we have categorized the 1964 literature on high polymer dielectrics into the following areas: Theoretical Papers; Relaxation Phenomena; Dipole Moments and Polymer Structure; Semiconducting Polymers; Biopolymers; Effects of Radiation; and Technology.
An accurate real-time RFID-based location system (2018)

Modern applications frequently require the ability to locate objects in real-world environments. This has motivated the development of a number of competing approaches to object localisation, most of which target specific applications. Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) has emerged as a viable platform for localisation, but due to a number of unresolved challenges with this technology, high levels of performance and wide applicability have remained elusive. In this paper, we outline an RFID-based object localisation framework that addresses these challenges, and propose the use of Received Signal Strength (RSS) to model the behaviour of radio signals decaying over distance in an orientation-agnostic manner to simultaneously locate multiple stationary and mobile objects. The proposed localisation system can operate in a realistically radio-noisy indoor environment, enables design-space trade-offs, is highly extensible, and provides use-case-driven average accuracy as low as 0.15 metres. The proposed localisation system can quickly locate objects with or without the use of reference tags, and illustrates that RSS can be a reliable metric for RFID-based object localisation.
A fully-differential capacitive touch controller with input common-mode feedback for symmetric display noise cancellation (2014)

A fully-differential capacitive touch sensing method is proposed in which common-mode noise currents are symmetrically subtracted at the differential input of the first stage such that it doesn't contribute to dynamic range reduction in the later stages. And, for better sensitivity, the proposed method could accumulate signal charges in continuous time domain, and does not suffer from aliasing issues observed in many discrete-time charge integrating methods. Measurement results showed 42 dB SNR for a 1-mm diameter stylus on a 5-inch full-HD on-cell touch display panel.
Broadening the Message: A Nanovaccine Co-loaded with Messenger RNA and α-GalCer Induces Antitumor Immunity through Conventional and Natural Killer T Cells (2019)

Messenger RNA encoding tumor antigens has the potential to evoke effective antitumor immunity. This study reports on a nanoparticle platform, named mRNA Galsomes, that successfully co-delivers nucleoside-modified antigen-encoding mRNA and the glycolipid antigen and immunopotentiator α-galactosylceramide (α-GC) to antigen-presenting cells after intravenous administration. By co-formulating low doses of α-GC, mRNA Galsomes induce a pluripotent innate and adaptive tumor-specific immune response in mice, with invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT) as a driving force. In comparison, mRNA Galsomes exhibit advantages over the state-of-the-art cancer vaccines using unmodified ovalbumin (OVA)-encoding mRNA, as we observed up to seven times more tumor-infiltrating antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells, combined with a strong iNKT cell and NK cell activation. In addition, the presence of suppressive myeloid cells (myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor-associated macrophages) in the tumor microenvironment was significantly lowered. Owing to these antitumor effects, OVA mRNA Galsomes significantly reduced tumor growth in established E.G7-OVA lymphoma, with a complete tumor rejection in 40% of the animals. Moreover, therapeutic vaccination with mRNA Galsomes enhanced the responsiveness to treatment with a PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitor in B16-OVA melanoma, as evidenced by a synergistic reduction of tumor outgrowth and a significantly prolonged median survival. Taken together, these data show that intravenously administered mRNA Galsomes can provide controllable, multifaceted, and effective antitumor immunity, especially when combined with checkpoint inhibition.
A New Dinuclear Ruthenium Complex as an Efficient Water Oxidation Catalyst (2009)

A dinuclear ruthenium complex, which acts as a molecular catalyst for water oxidation, has been synthesized and characterized. The electronic and electrochemical properties were studied by UV-vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The oxidation potentials of the complex are significantly lowered by introducing a negatively charged carboxylate ligand, in comparison with those of the reported complexes that have neutral ligands. The catalytic activity of the complex toward water oxidation using Ce(NH(4))(2)(NO(3))(6) as a chemical oxidant was investigated by means of an oxygen electrode and mass spectrometry. The turnover number of this catalyst with Ce(IV) as the chemical oxidant was found to be ca. 1700. The mass spectroscopic analysis of the isotopomer distribution in oxygen evolved from (18)O-labeled water indicates that O atoms in the evolved oxygen originate from water.
Estimating Cognitive Processes Related to Haptic Interaction within Virtual Environments (2019)

Efforts exist to combine a brain-machine interface (BMI) into a 3D virtual environment (VE) for visual tasks. User interaction via haptic stimuli within the VE is still unexplored for developing the BMI however, due to little understanding of cognitive processes related to such haptic interaction. Hence, we investigated a feasibility of estimating cognitive processes related to haptic interaction. Involved in the investigation, human participants undertook a task via different haptic stimuli (e.g., force and vibration) within a 3D VE . Their brain activities evoked by the stimuli were acquired as electroencephalography signals. Patterns of event-related potential and power spectral density were extracted from the signals, indicating activation in certain brain areas. The estimation of connectivity among these areas used directed transfer function, emphasizing on the middle of the β band (1/030 Hz) in the signals. The emphasis was due to the band's association with active focus and thinking. We found that, while behavioral differences were unapparent, all vibration-related stimuli yielded distinct active brain areas and connectivity to form certain cognitive processes. The finding implied a potential of localizing the processes for BMI-based haptic interaction.
Nephrology: 4. Strategies for the care of adults with chronic kidney disease. (2003)

Case 

A 60-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus, hypertension and known kidney disease presents to her family physician for a routine assessment. She has mild fatigue but is otherwise asymptomatic. Her weight is 55 kg, and her blood pressure is 155/90 mm Hg with no postural changes. She has no
Preventive effects of the EGFR inhibitor Iressa on chemically-induced urinary bladder cancers: Histopathological and biochemical endpoints (2007)

B65 The hydroxybutyl(butyl)nitrosamine (OH-BBN) induced urinary bladder cancer model in rats has been used to examine potential chemopreventive agents. Our previous studies showed that a variety of genes associated with urinary bladder cancer in man (including Ki 67, Cyclin D1, Myc and certain genes associated with the EGFR pathway) are similarly over-expressed in this rat model [Neoplasia 9: 207-21, 2007]. Female Fischer 344 rats were administered OH-BBN 2x/week for 8 weeks beginning at 56 days of age. The preventive efficacy of Iressa (Gefitinib), 10 mg/kg BW/day, was evaluated; administered by gavage beginning one week after the last dose of OH-BBN (115 days of age). This treatment reduced the incidence of large cancers from 48% (14/29) in OH-BBN controls to 7% (2/30). Virtually all the rats, however, developed microscopic bladder lesions irrespective of their treatment. In a second experiment, the ability of delayed administration of Iressa (10 mg/kg BW/day) beginning three months after the last dose of OH-BBN (192 days of age) was tested and found to reduce palpable cancers from 52% (control) to 4%. Prevention studies with two lower doses of Iressa (4.5 mg and 1.5 mg/kg BW/day) showed reductions in the incidence of large cancers from 52% in controls to 4 and 30%, respectively. Employing immunohistochemistry, it was found that Iressa (10 mg/kg BW/day) significantly decreased phosphorylated EGFR, MAPk and AKT, as well as Ki 67, staining in bladder tumors from animals treated with Iressa. These studies show that an EGFR inhibitor was highly active in preventing urinary bladder cancer, and that delaying administration of Iressa until a time when a substantial number of microscopic lesions already existed (192 days of age) did not decrease the efficacy of this class of agents.
The prognosis of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma after radical treatments (2012)

TEST 02 - Elsevier's Scopus, the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature. Search and access research from the science, technology, medicine, social sciences and arts and humanities fields.
LOCAL PROBES OF MEDIUM RANGE ORDER IN NETWORK GLASSES (1985)

Mossbauer site and Raman bond spectroscopy as complementary probes of medium range order in network glasses are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: The Structure Chemistry of Boron‐Rich Solids of the Alkali Metals (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Chapter 1. Introduction (1979)

G. P. Moss and J. H. P. Utley, Annu. Rep. Prog. Chem., Sect. B: Org. Chem., 1979, 76, 1 DOI: 10.1039/OC9797600001
Benefits of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor after stem cell transfusion in intensive sequential chemotherapy for breast cancer. (1998)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and economic benefit of filgrastim given with intensive sequential chemotherapy. Women with poor-prognosis breast cancer received four cycles of high-dose cyclophosphamide (3 g/m2) and doxorubicin (75 mg/m2), followed by filgrastim 5 microg/kg/dy, stem cell collection after the cycle 1, and stem cell infusion after cycle 3 and cycle 4. The first cohort received filgrastim after the fourth cycle but the second cohort did not.Thirty three patients were included in the first cohort and 13 in the second. The results indicate that the duration of grade IV neutropenia was shorter in the group given filgrastim as was the median time to recover an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) > 1.0 x 10(9)/L. The rate and duration of the rehospitalizations were higher in the group not receiving filgrastim. We found that costs such as drugs and hospitalizations were significantly higher (p = 0.032 and p = 0.049) in the non-filgrastim-treated group. Using ANC > 1.0 x 10(9)/L as an intermediary efficiency criterion it was more cost effective to give filgrastim. It can be concluded from this study that filgrastim can decrease the duration of grade IV neutropenia in patients receiving intensive sequential chemotherapy. This, in turn, reduces the cost of hospitalization. However, in our study, this reduction of neutropenia did not have any impact on further therapy.
Temporal and spatial variability of ammonia in urban and agricultural regions of northern Colorado, United States (2017)

Abstract. Concentrated agricultural activities and animal feeding operations in the northeastern plains of Colorado represent an important source of atmospheric ammonia (NH3). The NH3 from these sources contributes to regional fine particle formation and to nitrogen deposition to sensitive ecosystems in Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP), located ∼ 80 km to the west. In order to better understand temporal and spatial differences in NH3 concentrations in this source region, weekly concentrations of NH3 were measured at 14 locations during the summers of 2010 to 2015 using Radiello passive NH3 samplers. Weekly (biweekly in 2015) average NH3 concentrations ranged from 2.66 to 42.7 µg m−3, with the highest concentrations near large concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs). The annual summertime mean NH3 concentrations were stable in this region from 2010 to 2015, providing a baseline against which concentration changes associated with future changes in regional NH3 emissions can be assessed. Vertical profiles of NH3 were also measured on the 300 m Boulder Atmospheric Observatory (BAO) tower throughout 2012. The highest NH3 concentration along the vertical profile was always observed at the 10 m height (annual average concentration of 4.63 µg m−3), decreasing toward the surface (4.35 µg m−3) and toward higher altitudes (1.93 µg m−3). The NH3 spatial distributions measured using the passive samplers are compared with NH3 columns retrieved by the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) satellite and concentrations simulated by the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx). The satellite comparison adds to a growing body of evidence that IASI column retrievals of NH3 provide very useful insight into regional variability in atmospheric NH3, in this case even in a region with strong local sources and sharp spatial gradients. The CAMx comparison indicates that the model does a reasonable job simulating NH3 concentrations near sources but tends to underpredict concentrations at locations farther downwind. Excess NH3 deposition by the model is hypothesized as a possible explanation for this trend.
Hemosiderosis Secondary to Chronic Parenteral Iron Therapy in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients (1978)

Autopsy data on 24 chronic maintenance hemodialysis patients who had received varying doses of parenteral iron as the iron-dextran complex were reviewed for evidence of iron overload (hemosiderosis) and tissue fibrosis or organ dysfunction (hemochromatosis). Hemosiderosis was frequent in patients who received high total doses of iron but absent in those who received little or no iron. The degree of tissue iron did not increase with increased iron administration above a total of 2.5 g. Hemochromatosis or organ dysfunction secondary to tissue iron deposition was not noted in any patient. Chronic parenteral iron administration may improve anemia and result in tissue iron deposition but does not lead to hemochromatosis.
Mechanism of B-Cell Receptor-Induced Phosphorylation and Activation of Phospholipase C-γ2 (2004)

Phospholipase C-gamma2 (PLC-gamma2) plays an important role in B-cell signaling. Phosphorylation of various tyrosine residues of PLC-gamma2 has been implicated in regulation of its lipase activity. With the use of antibodies specific for each of the putative phosphorylation sites, we have now shown that PLC-gamma2 is phosphorylated on Y753, Y759, and Y1217 in response to engagement of the B-cell receptor in Ramos cells, as well as in murine splenic B cells. In cells stimulated maximally via this receptor, the extent of phosphorylation of Y1217 was three times that of Y753 or of Y759. Stimulation of Jurkat T cells or platelets via their immunoreceptors also elicited phosphorylation of Y753 and Y759 but not that of Y1217. A basal level of phosphorylation of Y753 was apparent in unstimulated lymphocytes. The extent of phosphorylation of Y753 and Y759, but not that of Y1217, correlated with the lipase activity of PLC-gamma2. Examination of the effects of various pharmacological inhibitors and of RNA interference in Ramos cells suggested that Btk is largely, but not completely, responsible for phosphorylation of Y753 and Y759, whereas phosphorylation of Y1217 is independent of Btk. Finally, phosphorylation of Y1217 and that of Y753 and Y759 occurred on different PLC-gamma2 molecules.
Efficacy of Nisin in Treatment of Clinical Mastitis in Lactating Dairy Cows (2007)

Nisin is an antimicrobial polypeptide produced by Lactococcus lactis and is believed nontoxic to humans. The objective of this study was to evaluate a nisin-based formulation for the treatment of bovine clinical mastitis in lactating dairy cattle. A total of 92 cows with 107 clinically mastitic quarters were randomly assigned to nisin- (48 cows with 51 quarters) and gentamicin (GM)-treated (44 cows with 56 quarters) groups. In the nisin-treated group, cows received an intramammary infusion of nisin at a dose of 2,500,000 IU; in the GM-treated group, intramammary infusion of GM was administered at a dose of 0.8 g. Results indicated that nisin offered a clinical cure rate similar to GM (90.2 vs. 91.1%) and no difference in bacteriological cure rate than GM-treated group (60.8 vs. 44.6%, respectively). Proportion of the quarters with milk somatic cell counts <500,000 cells/mL was not different in the nisin-treated group (50.0 and 47.8%) compared with the GM-treated group (33.3 and 37.3%) 1 and 2 wk after treatment. Of 17 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 82.5% were resistant to penicillin, and 35.3% to GM, but none of them to nisin. Nisin therapy eliminated 54.5% (6 of 11) of S. aureus IMI, whereas GM eliminated 33.3% (2 of 6). Nisin in milk (4.5 +/- 0.8 IU/mL) was detected only at 12 h following intramammary infusion, which was much lower than the upper limit (500 mg/mL) allowed as preservative in milk by the China authority. Because of its efficacy in the treatment of bovine clinical mastitis, especially resistant Staph. aureus-caused IMI, as well as its safety in humans, nisin deserves further study to clarify its effects on mastitis caused by different mastitis pathogens on a larger scale.