gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chitosan: a soft interconnect for hierarchical assembly of nano-scale components (2007)

Traditional microfabrication has tremendous capabilities for imparting order to hard materials (e.g., silicon wafers) over a range of length scales. However, conventional microfabrication does not provide the means to assemble pre-formed nano-scale components into higher-ordered structures. We believe the aminopolysaccharide chitosan possesses a unique set of properties that enable it to serve as a length-scale interconnect for the hierarchical assembly of nano-scale components into macro-scale systems. The primary amines (atomic length scale) of the glucosamine repeating units (molecular length scale) provide sites to connect pre-formed or self-assembled nano-scale components to the polysaccharide backbone (macromolecular length scale). Connections to the backbone can be formed by exploiting the electrostatic, nucleophilic, or metal-binding capabilities of the glucosamine residues. Chitosan's film-forming properties provide the means for assembly at micron-to-centimetre lengths (supramolecular length scales). In addition to interconnecting length scales, chitosan's capabilities may also be uniquely-suited as a soft component-hard device interconnect. In particular, chitosan's film formation can be induced under mild aqueous conditions in response to localized electrical signals that can be imposed from microfabricated surfaces. This capability allows chitosan to assemble soft nano-scale components (e.g., proteins, vesicles, and virus particles) at specific electrode addresses on chips and in microfluidic devices. Thus, we envision the potential that chitosan may emerge as an integral material for soft matter (bio)fabrication.
Every Finite-State Machine can be Simulated (Realized) by a Synchronous (Asynchronous) Binary Feedback Shift-Register Machine (1974)

A theoretical model of a microprogram unit is formulated, and the relationship of this model to a form of feedback shift register is developed. The feedback shift-register machine variant has synchronous and asynchronous prototypes. The asynchronous binary feedback shift-register machines realize every fundamental mode asynchronous sequential (finite-state) machine. The synchronous feedback shift-register machine differs from the standard definition by the addition of transitional states to the usual (nontransitional) states, and a single step in the simulation is a move between nontransitional states. When synchronous feedback shift-register machines are generalized in this way, they also become universal components capable of simulating ali finite-state machines.
Simple purification of aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase from human pheochromocytoma using high-performance liquid chromatography (1985)

We purified aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) homogeneously and rapidly from human pheochromocytoma using high-performance liquid chromatography. HPLC with gel permeation and hydrophobic columns was highly effective, and the entire purification could be finished within 3 days. Purified AADC showed a single band with an Mr of 50,000 on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and decarboxylated L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, L-5-hydroxytryptophan, and L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine (a synthetic precursor of natural norepinephrine). Amino acid analysis of purified AADC was performed.
Observation of Chiral Aggregate Growth of Perylene Derivative in Opaque Solution by Circularly Polarized Luminescence (2010)

The concentration-dependent enhancement of the luminescence dissymmetry factor has suggested that pi-conjugated chiral perylene derivatives in a high concentrated opaque solution grow to aggregated structures with higher optical chirality.
TR-FSM (2011)

Finite State Machines (FSMs) are a key element of integrated circuits. Hard-coded FSMs do not allow changes after the ASIC production. While an embedded FPGA IP core provides flexibility, it is a complex circuit, requires difficult synthesis tools, and is expensive. This article presents and evaluates a novel architecture that is specifically optimized for implementing reconfigurable finite state machines: Transition-based Reconfigurable FSM (TR-FSM). The architecture shows a considerable reduction in area, delay, and power consumption compared to FPGA architectures with a (nearly) FPGA-like reconfigurability.
Ouabain Binds with High Affinity to the Na,K-ATPase in Human Polycystic Kidney Cells and Induces Extracellular Signal–Regulated Kinase Activation and Cell Proliferation (2006)

In autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), cyst formation and enlargement require proliferation of mural renal epithelial cells and the transepithelial secretion of fluid into the cyst cavity. Na,K-ATPase is essential for solute and water transport in ADPKD cells, and ouabain blocks fluid secretion in these cells. By binding to the Na,K-ATPase, ouabain also induces proliferation in some cell types. Surprisingly, it was found that nanomolar concentrations of ouabain, similar to those circulating in blood, induced ADPKD cell proliferation but had no statistically significant effect on normal human kidney (NHK) cells. Ouabain, acting from the basolateral side of the cells, also caused an increase in the level of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK). Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor U0126 blocked ouabain-induced ERK activation and cell proliferation, suggesting that ouabain effect is mediated through the MEK-ERK pathway. In contrast to NHK cells, the dose-response curve for ouabain inhibition of Na,K-ATPase activity indicated that approximately 20% of the enzyme in ADPKD cells exhibits a higher affinity for ouabain. The increased ouabain affinity of ADPKD cells was not due to differences in Na,K-ATPase isoform expression because these cells, like NHK cells, possess only the alpha1 and beta1 subunits. The gamma variants of the Na,K-ATPase also are expressed in the cells but are elevated in ADPKD cells. Currently, the basis for the differences in ouabain sensitivity of NHK and ADPKD cells is unknown. It is concluded that ouabain stimulates proliferation in ADPKD cells by binding to the Na,K-ATPase with high affinity and via activation of the MEK-ERK pathway.
Magnetocardiography Study on Ventricular Depolarization‐Current Pattern in Patients with Brugada Syndrome and Complete Right‐Bundle Branch Blocks (2006)

The WHEBEM findings suggest that there is an abnormal current in the direction to the upper right (in the S-wave) in the anterosuperior region of Brugada syndrome patients. We thus conclude that a WHEBEM has the potential to detect characteristics of heart disease.
Determining the disinfection of textiles in compressed carbon dioxide using various indicator microbes (2011)

CO(2) treatment of textiles is a promising ecological alternative dry-cleaning method for the disinfection of medical textiles.
Screening and Quantitation of Ochratoxin A in Corn, Peanuts, Beans, Rice, and Cassava (1985)

To answer the need for simple, economical, rapid methods for mycotoxins, a procedure for screening and quantitation of ochratoxin A was developed. A methanol-aqueous KCl extraction is used, followed by cleanup with clarifying agents and partition into chloroform. Part of the chloroform extract is used for screening and the other part for quantitation by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The screening procedure takes 40 min, using a silica gel/aluminum oxide minicolumn developed for this purpose. The limits of detection are 80 and 10 micrograms/kg, respectively, for minicolumn screening and TLC quantitation. Ammonium sulfate is efficient in cleaning samples of corn and cassava; cupric sulfate is better with peanuts, beans, and rice. Tests were conducted on triplicate spiked samples of yellow corn meal, raw peanuts, dried black beans, polished rice, and cassava flour at different levels (400, 200, 80, 40, and 10 micrograms/kg). Recoveries ranged from 86 to 160% and the coefficients of variation ranged from 0 to 26%.
Synthesis, Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antiviral Activity Evaluation of Some New bis-Schiff Bases of Isatin and Their Derivatives (2007)

Twelve new bis-Schiff bases of isatin, benzylisatin and 5-fluoroisatin 3a-3l were prepared by condensation of isatin, benzylisatin and 5-fluoroisatin with primary aromatic amines. The chemical structures of the products were confirmed by 1H- and 13CNMR, IR and mass spectral data. The compounds were screened for antiviral activity against a panel of DNA and RNA viruses. Minimum cytotoxic and minimum virus-inhibitory concentrations of these compounds were determined. Compounds 3c and 3i were the most cytotoxic in HEL cells. These newly synthesized bis-Schiff bases were also tested for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. They did not display activity against S. cerevisiae (ATCC 28383) or C. albicans (CIP 1180-79).
Hydride vapor-phase epitaxy of AlN and AlGaN (2008)

experimental data to perform a three-dimensional bond density refinement of the Si(111)-7x7 surface. These two experimental techniques are quite complimentary as electron diffraction is rather more sensitive to the core-screening effects of bonding, while only the x-ray dataset is three dimensional (and is a direct transform of the local charge density). By utilizing a combinatorial ab initio Density Functional Theory (DFT) approach, we have developed a parameterized model for fitting valence charge density in silicon to experimental diffraction data which enhances performance, but adds no additional adjustable parameters. When bonding effects are properly accounted for, the improvement to the refinement of the overall structure is significant to >99% confidence (using a degree-of-freedom reduced Chi figure of merit), and site-specific perturbations due to adatom bonding at the surface are also possible. The experimental results will be compared to a full-potential, allelectron DFT structural relaxation of the Si(111)-7x7 surface slab.
생산요소가격 변동과 제조산업의 수출성과에 관한 실증연구 (2017)

본 논문은 자기회귀시차(ARDL) 모형으로부터 도출된 오차수정모형을 이용하여 8개 제조 산업을 대상으로 수출의 임금탄력도, 수출의 이자율탄력도 그리고 수출의 수입물가지수 탄력도를 추정함으로서 생산요소가격의 변동이 수출성과에 미치는 효과를 산업별로 분석하였다. 실증분석결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 수출의 임금탄력도, 이자율탄력도, 그리고 수입물가지 수 탄력도의 부호는 모두 대부분의 제조 산업에서 1%의 통계적 유의 수준에서 기대부호대로 음(-)으로 나타났다. 그리고 자본집약도가 큰 산업일수록 임금탄력도가 작게 나타났으며 다른 한편 해외수입중간재 비중이 높은 산업일수록 수입물가지수 탄력도가 크게 나타나는 경향을 보이고 있다. 따라서 실증분석 결과는 외환위기 이후에 이자율의 하락, 수입물가지수의 증가율 하락, 그리고 실질임금 증가율의 둔화 등으로 나타난 생산요소가격의 하락현상은 제조산업의 수출성과에 지대한 영향을 주었음을 입증하고 있다.
Preparation of N‐Glycosylhydroxylamines and Their Oxidation to Nitrones for the Enantioselective Synthesis of Isoxazolidines (2003)

Abstract N ‐benzyl‐ and N ‐methyl‐ N ‐glycosylhydroxylamines 3a − i were conveniently obtained by reaction of sugars with N ‐substituted hydroxylamines according to a novel procedure. Subsequent oxidation occurred at the alkyl group, selectively affording the corresponding C ‐phenyl‐ and C ‐unsubstituted N ‐glycosylnitrones. C ‐phenyl‐ N ‐glycosylnitrones 10 and 13 underwent highly stereoselective 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition with dimethyl maleate, with the sugar moiety acting as a chiral auxiliary. Final removal of the glycosyl moiety afforded enantiopure enantiomeric isoxazolidines 17 and ent ‐17 which are oxa‐analogues of proline diester derivatives. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Validity limits of the Néel relaxation model of magnetic nanoparticles for hyperthermia (2009)

The derivation of the optimum mean diameter of magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) for hyperthermia as a tumour therapy in the literature is commonly reduced to application of the Néel relaxation model. Serious restrictions of this model for MNP for hyperthermia are discussed and a way is outlined to a more comprehensive model including hysteresis.
Self-reported playing preferences resonate with emotion-related physiological reactions during playing and watching of first-person shooter videogames (2021)

The present aim was to investigate emotion-related physiological responses and subjective ratings of two groups of active gamers (N = 24) in response to both playing and watching a video of a first-person shooter game. Participants of one group had high preferences for game dynamics in first-person shooter games, whereas the other group disliked such dynamics. Electrodermal activity (EDA), heart rate (HR), and electromyographic (EMG) activity of the corrugator supercilii (i.e., brow furrowing) and the zygomaticus major (i.e., smiling) muscles were measured while playing and watching a gameplay video. After the playing and watching sessions, the participants rated their experienced level of valence and arousal. The results showed that those who liked the game dynamics showed comparable and stable levels of EDA and HR during both playing and watching. Those who disliked the game dynamics showed overall higher levels of EDA and HR during playing than watching a video, and a rising EDA tendency especially during watching a video. Playing evoked overall higher corrugator supercilii activity than watching in both groups. The group that liked the game dynamics showed a steep EMG increase in the activity of the corrugator supercilii, whereas the group that disliked the game dynamics showed less EMG increase. As for ratings of valence and arousal, both groups reported more positive valence and higher arousal after playing than after watching a video, and there were no differences between the groups. In sum, the results showed that player preferences were associated with players’ emotion-related physiological responses. The results also showed that playing as opposed to watching generated higher autonomic arousal, but only for players who disliked the dynamics of the game.
CMOS Microsystems for Phase Fluorometric Biochemical Monitoring (2007)

This article will present a review of our recent work on the development of Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) detection and signal processing interfaces for fluorescence based biochemical sensors as well as the development of a new sensor. We will discuss a number of microsystems that integrate CMOS Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) with nanoporous sensor materials. Specifically, sol-gel derived xerogel thin films, a class of nanoporous materials, are employed for monitoring various biochemical analytes including oxygen (O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ), glucose, and pH. We have also demonstrated a single-chip CMOS based phase fluorometric system for monitoring O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> using xerogel sensor materials. In this paper, we will present a new, versatile, CMOS based platform for real-time phase fluorometric analysis that is capable of functioning with fluorophores having excited-state lifetimes as short as 400 nanoseconds. In addition, we will describe the employment of novel nanomaterials (porous polymer photonic bandgap structures) as immobilization media for biochemical recognition elements that enhance the fluorescence detection efficiency. Finally, the development of integrated sensors using these materials will be described.
Formation of nanofibers and microspheres by femtosecond laser ablation of chalcogenide glasse (2007)

Formation of nano-fibers ranging from 30 to 300 nm in diameter and exceeding the length of one millimeter was observed during explosive ablation of As<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> glass by femtosecond pulses at high fluence (> 5 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) irradiation of the 800 nm wavelength, 160 fs duration pulses in air. However, the spheres of up to several microns in diameter are found to form competing with nano-fiber formation and significantly deteriorating their morphology. The formation of these spheres is explained by the free energy minimization of explosively ablating liquid jets combined with the onset and evolution of the thermo-capillary forces at the local perturbations of the geometry and temperature. Performed thermal analysis suggests that the good nano-fiber morphology can be preserved by increasing the air pressure or ablation in water which shortens the characteristic cooling and solidification time of the liquid jets, and inhibits the development of the small geometrical perturbations into the large spheres.
Local administration of nuclear factor-kB decoy oligodeoxinucleotides prevents allergic airway inflammation (2002)

peer reviewed
IL-35 expression in ApoE<sup>−/−</sup> mice with atherosclerotic plaque. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;A.&lt;/b&gt; Serum was obtained from C57BL/6 and ApoE&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; mice at 8 weeks of age fed with normal diet, without plaque (8 weeks) and at 16 weeks of age, after 8 weeks on a high-fat diet, C57BL/6 without plaque and ApoE&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; mice with established plaque (16 weeks). The concentrations of IL-35 (pg/mL) in serum were detected by ELISA. &lt;b&gt;B.&lt;/b&gt; Total RNA was isolated from thoracic and abdominal aorta of C57BL/6 and ApoE&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; mice at 8 weeks of age fed with normal diet, without plaque (8 weeks) and at 16 weeks of age, for 8 weeks after high-fat diet, C57BL/6 without plaque and ApoE&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; mice with established plaque (16 weeks). The expression of IL-35-related subunits was analyzed by real-time PCR. (n = 3 per group), *p&lt;0.05,***p&lt;0.001.&lt;/p&gt;
Influence of Octreotide on Liver Metastasis and Hepatic Lipid Peroxidation in BOP-Induced Pancreatic Cancer in Syrian Hamsters (2001)

Octreotide decreases the number and size of liver metastases in chemically induced pancreatic cancer in Syrian hamsters. This is accompanied by high hepatic GSH-Px and SOD activity and a low level of lipid peroxidation.
Optimal model following control of four-wheel active steering vehicle (2009)

In this paper, four-wheel active steering (4WAS), which can control the front wheel steering angle and rear wheel steering angle independently, has been investigated based on the analysis of deficiency of conventional four wheel steering (4WS). A model following control structure is adopted to follow the desired yaw rate and vehicle sideslip angle, which consists of feedforward and feedback controller. The feedback controller is designed based on the optimal control theory, minimizing the tracking errors between the outputs of actual vehicle model and that of linear reference model. Finally, computer simulations are performed to evaluate the proposed control system via the co-simulation of Matlab/Simulink and CarSim. Simulation results show that the designed 4WAS controller can achieve the good response performance and improve the vehicle handling and stability.
MPC-Based Energy Management of a Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using Terrain Information (2015)

A parallel hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) combines the power produced by electric machines and a combustion engine to enable improved fuel economy. Optimization of the power-split algorithm managing both torque sources can be readily achieved offline, but online implementation results often show great deviation from expected fuel economy due to traffic, hills, and similar effects that are not easily modeled. Of these external influences, the road grade for a travel route is potentially known a priori given a set destination choice from the driver. To examine whether grade information can improve the performance of a hybrid powertrain controller, we first formulate the vehicle model as a low-order dynamic model, recognizing that the primary dynamics of the energy system are slow. A model predictive control (MPC) strategy utilizing the terrain data is then developed to obtain a time-varying power split between the combustion engine and the electrical machine. Simulation results of the HEV model over multiple standard drive cycles, with different terrain profiles and different cost functions, are presented. Testing of the MPC performance compared to Argonne National Lab’s powertrain simulation software Autonomie shows that the MPC strategy utilizing terrain data gives an improvement of up to 2.2% in fuel economy with respect to the same controller without terrain information, on the same route.
Pyrite oxidation in acidic medium: overall reaction pathway (2008)

Abstract This study investigated the oxidation processes of pyrite by dissolved oxygen. Synthetic pyrite suspensions have reacted with dissolved oxygen in a closed‐thermostated system for 20 h and at pH values of 2.0 and 3.5. Special emphasis was made on the characterization of the solid phase formed during the reaction process, using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and confocal Raman microspectrometry. The results revealed a strong heterogeneity of the samples with the identification of two different micrometric areas. E g and A g Raman pyrite modes were characterized by wavenumber drifts, from 0 to 6, correlated with the shine changes of the micrometric probed area. XPS analyses provided evidence of the distribution of iron and sulfur species at the reacted pyrite surface. The Fe(2p 3/2 ) signals showed an increase in the binding energy range typical of Fe(III)S and Fe(III)O compounds. The S(2p) XPS signals included contribution from disulfide, monosulfide, elemental sulfur, and sulfate. Elemental sulfur should be protected from sublimation under ultrahigh vacuum, possibly by an overlaying of other species such as Fe(III) (oxyhydr)oxide species. An overall reaction pathway of the pyrite in oxidizing (Cr(VI), dissolved oxygen, Fe(III)), and acidic media (pH ⩽3.5) has been established from the present results and previous papers. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Excitation regeneration in delay-coupled oscillators (2010)

A network of phase-coupled oscillators constitutes a system in which excitable 2pi phase slips can be induced by noise. We show that such an excitation in one of the oscillators can be regenerated by subsequent oscillators and become self-sustained for certain topologies. We focus on the simplest such topology: two mutually coupled oscillators.Our analysis is bolstered [corrected] by an experimental confirmation of the phenomenon via a pair of mutually delay coupled quantum-dot lasers. Both the intensities and phases of the laser outputs were measured confirming the interpretation.
The synthesis and self-assembly of disc-cube dyads with spacers of different lengths (2016)

Disc-cube dyads with a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) molecule covalently attached to a hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) molecule were designed and synthesized. The results demonstrate that the length of a spacer plays an important role in the self-assembly behavior of the HBC-POSS dyad.