gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual High-Energy X-ray Digital Radiography for Material Discrimination in Cargo Containers (2014)

In this contribution, we present a dual high-energy X-ray imaging technique for cargo container inspection using the “spectral high-energy X-ray attenuation method”. This method is based on attenuation of continuous highenergy spectra. The developed experimental technique consists of a betatron as high-energy (up to 7.5 MeV) X-ray source and a matrix detector with high spatial resolution (400 µm) for digital X-ray imaging. In order to evaluate the material discrimination capability using dual high-energy X-ray imaging, a test specimen is proposed, comprising step wedges of different low and high atomic number (Z) materials. The selected X-ray spectra for the dual-energy experiments correspond to 3 MV and 7.5 MV acceleration potential of the betatron. We evaluated the ratio between low- and high-energy X-ray attenuation coefficients quantitatively based on simulated poly-energetic high-energy X-ray source spectra and the detector sensitivity using the “analytical Radiographic Testing inspection simulation tool” (aRTist) developed at BAM. The simulated effective attenuation coefficients are compared with corresponding experimental results in order to establish a method for identification of low- and high-Z materials in the container. Finally, important applications of the proposed technique in the context of aviation security are discussed.
Regiocontrolled and stereocontrolled carbon-carbon bond formation via linear dimerization of conjugated dienes catalyzed by nickel-aminophosphinite complexes (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRegiocontrolled and stereocontrolled carbon-carbon bond formation via linear dimerization of conjugated dienes catalyzed by nickel-aminophosphinite complexesPhilippe Denis, Andre Jean, Jean Francois Croizy, Andre Mortreux, and Francis PetitCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 3, 1292–1294Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00159a086https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00159a086research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views344Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Clinical Samples from Critically Ill Patients (2020)

We are in unprecedented times, and healthcare teams may face tremendously difficult decisions related to rationing ventilators and offering intensive care.As states and institutions consider revising existing triage plans or formulating new ones, decision-makers should be careful to avoid language that excludes patients from receiving care because of an underlying condition without carefully considering the prognosis for those individuals.It is vitally important that crisis standards of care factor in accurate, disease-specific prognostic information as patients are triaged.
Spanish wastewater reveals the current spread of Monkeypox virus (2023)

Besides nasopharyngeal swabs, monkeypox virus (MPXV) DNA has been detected in a variety of samples such as saliva, semen, urine and fecal samples. Using the environmental surveillance network previously developed in Spain for the routine wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 (VATar COVID-19), we have analyzed the presence of MPXV DNA in wastewater from different areas of Spain. Samples (n = 312) from 24 different wastewater treatment plants were obtained between May 9 (week 19 of 2022) and August 4 (week 31 of 2022). Following concentration of viral particles by a validated aluminum adsorption-precipitation method, a qPCR procedure allowed us to detect MPXV DNA in 56 wastewater samples collected from May 16 to August 4, 2022, with values ranging between 2.2 × 10<sup>3</sup> to 8.7 × 10<sup>4</sup> genome copies (gc)/L. This study shows that MPXV DNA can be reproducibly detected by qPCR in longitudinal samples collected from different Spanish wastewater treatment plants. According to data from the National Epidemiological Surveillance Network (RENAVE) in Spain a total of 6,119 cases have been confirmed as of August 19, 2022. However, and based on the wastewater data, the reported clinical cases seem to be underestimated and asymptomatic infections may be more frequent than expected.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐ACYL‐1‐AMINO‐1,3‐DIENES‐ 1‐AMINO‐1,3‐DIENE SYNTHETIC EQUIVALENTS FOR THE DIELS‐ALDER REACTION (1976)

Abstract Aus den Diencarbonsäuren (Ia) entstehen über die Azide (Ib) III) bei der Umlagerung in Gegenwart der H‐aktiven Komponenten (II).
Viewport-driven DASH media playback for interactive storytelling (2019)

Over the past few years, the HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) technologies, e.g. the MPEG-DASH standard (DASH), became the predominant form of online video streaming. 360 Virtual Reality (VR) content have recently emerged on video streaming platform as a new immersive format but limits the interaction with the viewer to looking around via head rotation. From storytelling domain, interactive storytelling is a known technique to immerse the viewer into the story by allowing him to influence the way the story unfolds. In this demo, we combine a VR 360 video player and interactive storytelling delivered using DASH. By adding DASH-level signaling when branching occurs in the storyline and by updating the reference dash.js JavaScript player, it is possible to create an interactive 360 video experience that is seamless to the user. That is, each person experiences a different storyline based on its head movements whether it is by explicit cues, e.g. choosing a certain outcome to a scene, or implicitly by following narrative cues inserted by the content creator such as moving objects, character movements in the scene. Such seamless experience aims at maximizing the emotional response of the user on the content as intended by the content creator.
Human neoplasm pH and response to radiation therapy: P-31 MR spectroscopy studies in situ. (1989)

Thirty-five human neoplasms from various sites and of various histologic types and stages were examined with phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy in situ. The tumors included 13 squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (lymph nodes), eight Hodgkin lymphomas, six non-Hodgkin lymphomas, four carcinomas of the breast, one melanoma, one sarcoma, one neuroblastoma, and one mucoepidermoid sarcoma of the salivary glands. Thirty-four of the neoplasms had normal to slightly alkaline pH before irradiation. During fractionated radiation therapy, the pH stayed in a range of from near neutral to alkaline and rose to 7.6-8.0 at several time points of radiation therapy for some tumors. These results suggest that most tumor cells in human neoplasms are well oxygenated and that only a negligible fraction are chronic hypoxic cells. The fluctuating alkaline pH during radiation therapy occurred regardless of the responsiveness of the treated tumors.
Twelve-membered polyether rings. Cyclic tetramers of some olefin oxides (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTwelve-membered polyether rings. Cyclic tetramers of some olefin oxidesRoland J. KernCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 1, 388–390Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01265a078https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01265a078research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views209Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Gobal optimization of linear hybrid systems with varying transition times (2008)

Open loop optimal control problems with linear hybrid (discrete/continuous) systems embedded are often approximated as dynamic optimization problems. These problems are inherently nonconvex. A deterministic global optimization algorithm for linear hybrid systems with varying transition times is developed. First, the control parametrization enhancing transform is used to transform the problem from a linear hybrid system with scaled discontinuities and varying transition times into a nonlinear one with stationary discontinuities and fixed transition times. Next, a convexity theory is applied to construct a convex relaxation of the original nonconvex problem. This allows the problem to be solved in a branch-and-bound framework that can guarantee the solution to ¿ global optimality within a finite number of iterations.
iPSC Disease Modeling (2012)

Induced pluripotent stem cell technology has great potential to model human diseases, but faces many challenges.
916-P: Precision Evaluation of Clinical Laboratory Glucose Reference Systems (2020)

Background: In response to the discontinuation of the industry standard YSI 2300 STAT PLUS glucose analyser Lifescan, as a major manufacturer of blood glucose measurement systems, initiated a comparative evaluation of currently marketed point of care (POC) glucose measurement devices to identify a potential replacement comparator system within a clinical environment. Method: Four POC devices were selected for in-depth assessment. Glucose measurement precision is a key performance metric for a comparator device, with higher standard deviation and coefficient of variation values imparting greater measurement uncertainty to diabetes test systems. This laboratory assessment used venous whole blood samples collected in Lithium Heparin coated tubes and tested within 12 hours of blood draw. All potential sources of variation such as donor and operator were controlled to give a best-case indication of performance. Results: Precision data were generated for the YSI 2300 STAT PLUS and four POC devices. 20 replicates were obtained per device at each of four glucose concentrations (50, 100, 200 and 500 mg/dL). The Abbott i-STAT Alinity (using CG8+ cartridge) demonstrated consistently lower standard deviation and coefficient of variation values when compared to the YSI 2300 STAT PLUS and other tests systems. Conclusions: A comparison of four currently marketed POC devices indicated that only one demonstrates precision performance that is equivalent or better than the YSI 2300 STAT PLUS across a wide range of glucose concentrations and thus is a strong candidate as a replacement clinical comparator system. Disclosure S. Phillips: Employee; Self; LifeScan, Inc. Employee; Spouse/Partner; LifeScan, Inc. S.J. Setford: Employee; Self; LifeScan Scotland. D.M. Shearer: None. A. Smith: Employee; Self; LifeScan, Inc. J.N. Ross: Employee; Self; LifeScan, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Substituted 2‐Amino‐1H‐imidazoles from Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyrimidines. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Toolbox for Regioselective Lithiations of Furo[2,3-c]pyridine (2010)

A detailed procedure for successive regioselective lithiations of furo[2,3-c]pyridine is described by using n-BuLi and the [n-BuLi/LiDMAE] superbase. Several polysubstituted furo[2,3-c]pyridines have been efficiently synthesized and some of them were engaged in Pd- or Ni-catalyzed coupling reactions leading to 2,2'- or 7,7'-bifuro[2,3-c]pyridine ligands.
The Synthesis and Stability of Some Cyclopropenyl Cations with Alkyl Substituents (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis and Stability of Some Cyclopropenyl Cations with Alkyl SubstituentsRonald. Breslow, Hermann. Hover, and Hai Won. ChangCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 16, 3168–3174Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00875a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00875a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views751Altmetric-Citations107LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electrochemical Carbon Nanotube Filter for Adsorption, Desorption, and Oxidation of Aqueous Dyes and Anions (2011)

An electrochemically active multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) filter is observed to be effective toward the adsorptive removal and electrochemical oxidation of the aqueous dyes, methylene blue and methyl orange, and the oxidation of the aqueous anions, chloride and iodide. In the absence of electrochemistry, the MWNT filter completely removed all dye from the influent solution until a near monolayer of dye molecules adsorbed to the MWNT filter surface. Electrochemical filtration at 2 V resulted in >98% oxidation of the influent dye during a single pass through the 41 μm thin porous MWNT network with a ≤1.2 s residence time. The electrochemical MWNT filter was also able to oxidize aqueous chloride and iodide with minimal overpotential. However, the oxidation of these anions was limited by the number of electrochemically active MWNT surface sites. These results show the potential of an electrochemical MWNT filter for the adsorptive removal and oxidative degradation of aqueous contaminants.
Medicine on Mars: Remote medical care and the space exploration initiative (1992)

Mars exploration missions as described in the Synthesis Group report will involve extended exposures of crew members to remote, hazardous environments for up to 100 days. Maintenance of crew health and performance will be critical to ensure mission success. Because of the great distances between the Earth and Mars, round trip telecommunication will take from seven to forty minutes and immediate return to Earth will not be feasible: an autonomous medical care system that integrates preventive, occupational, and environmental aspects of health care and provides diagnostic and treatment capabilities will be necessary. Providing medical care for Mars explorers will pose some unique technical and engineering challenges. Medical care equipment will need to be designed to be modular and portable to ensure that it is interchangeable between vehicle and planetary surface elements. Miniaturization will be necessary to reduce mass and volume. Computerized systems that automatically acquire and manage medical information and provide medical references (literature), decision support, and automated medical record keeping will be a crucial part of a Martian medical care system. Medical care will also rely on remote consultation with Earth-based specialists. This presentation will provide an overview of the health and medical concerns associated with Mars exploration missions and will describe some specific concepts for Mars medical care systems.
Sensory recovery following decellularized nerve allograft transplantation for digital nerve repair (2013)

This study reported preliminary clinical experience of using decelluarised nerve allograft material for repair of digital nerve defect in five hand injury patients. From October 2009 to July 2010, five patients with traumatic nerve defect were treated with nerve repair using AxoGen® nerve allograft (AxoGen Inc, Alachua, FL) in California Hospital Medical Center. All patients were followed at least for 12 months, and sensory recovery and signs of infection or rejection were documented by a hand therapist. Average two-point discrimination was 6 mm, and average Semmes-Weinstein Monofilaments test was 4.31. No wound infections or signs of rejections were observed at wound site. All patients reported sensory improvement during the follow-up period after operation. It is believed that decellularised nerve allografts may provide a readily available option for repair of segmental nerve defect.
Adaptive optical biocompact disk for molecular recognition (2005)

We report the use of adaptive interferometry to detect a monolayer of protein immobilized in a periodic pattern on a spinning glass disk. A photorefractive quantum-well device acting as an adaptive beam mixer in a two-wave mixing geometry stabilizes the interferometric quadrature in the far field. Phase modulation generated by the spinning biolayer pattern in the probe beam is detected as a homodyne signal free of amplitude modulation. Binding between antibodies and immobilized antigens in a two-analyte immunoassay was tested with high specificity and without observable cross reactivity.
Control of receptor-mediated cell behavior using synthetic polymers (2003)

Summary form only received as follows: Virtually every aspect of cell behavior is governed at some level by interactions of receptor molecules on the cell surface with ligands in the extracellular environment. Molecular components involved in activation of receptor-mediated signaling pathways which culminate in cell migration, differentiation, and growth are being identified at a rapid rate. Much overlap exists in signaling pathways activated by distinct classes of receptors; for example, ligand activation of growth factor receptors influences integrin-mediated process of migration while integrin ligation is required for growth factor-induced proliferation of many cell types. Several common intracellular signaling molecules are activated by both integrins and growth factors. How does the cell take information from such overlapping stimuli and process it to achieve different responses? In addition to the specific identity of molecules involved, the overall context of ligand presentation-relative concentrations, spatial organization, and kinetics-must be considered to understand how a cell integrates stimuli to achieve a precise response. In order to parse how these factors contribute to the overall integrated cell response, the author is developing approaches in which key variables can be systematically controlled by a combination of biochemical and physical means. This paper focuses on the physical aspects of this approach-designing new polymeric materials which can be applied to both tissue engineering and to fundamental studies of receptor-mediated phenomena. A specific interest is controlling signaling by the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). For example, the author has shown that mEGF stimulates both DNA synthesis and cytoskeletal changes in primary hepatocytes when tethered covalently to the culture substrate so that internalization is inhibited, and that EGF can serve as either a stimulatory or inhibitory regulator of cell migration speed depending on the cell-substrate adhesion characteristics. The author is adapting these basic findings to the design of 3D scaffold materials for tissue engineering, including surface modification of degradable polymers as well as a new enzymatically crosslinked hydrogels for cell encapsulation.
Incorporation of Professionalism Expectations and Evaluative Processes Within a College of Pharmacy (2018)

<b>Objective.</b> To determine professionalism factors of interest to the University of South Florida (USF) College of Pharmacy (COP) and develop a programmatic plan to monitor the professionalization of students, faculty, preceptors and staff. <b>Methods.</b> In 2013, the USF COP began investigating how best to incorporate processes to capture professionalism across all aspects of the program. A Professionalism Task Force was convened to identify key professionalism factors valued by faculty and preceptors to be incorporated in pharmacy practice experiences, didactic courses, faculty, and preceptor performance evaluations. A factor analysis was performed to identify items for inclusion in professional practice experience evaluations, course syllabi, faculty, preceptor and staff evaluations. <b>Results.</b> The analysis identified 11 factors for practice experiences, three for syllabi, and five for performance evaluations. The information from the factor analysis spurred additional discussion that led to the development of a programmatic plan for professionalization. <b>Conclusion.</b> A brief description of the programmatic professionalization plan is provided, including possible assessment processes. The goal of this endeavor was to ensure appropriate support and development of professionalization across the COP community.