gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wireless Temporal-Spatial Human Mobility Analysis Using Real-Time Three Dimensional Acceleration Data (2007)

It is estimated that by the year 2010, the number of people over 65 years of age will reach 39 million. By 2030, that number is expected to over 70 million individuals in the 85 and older age group making them the fastest growing group of older individuals. Their growth rate is three times more than all of the 65 and older age groups put together. Falls and mobility issues are very common among older individuals and can have severe consequences. In older individuals, falls and mobility issues can occur as a result of normal age related changes such as changes in vision, gait, strength, disease progression, and medication. We introduce wireless microcontroller hardware and software that leverages micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) transducers which communicate with a server-based heuristics analytics system. The real-time heuristics analytics system performs correlation analysis which will allow for measuring and detecting of mobility related events correlated with, for example, specific disease progression and/or changes in medication dosing and scheduling. If there is excessive inactivity detected within a selected time period, notification will be sent by the heuristics analytics system to a response center.
A modelling framework for assessing the economic impact of climate change in the Caribbean (2014)

The ECLAC-Climate Impacts Assessment Model (CIAM) is a modelling platform that has been created to assess the economic consequences of climate change in the Caribbean. The model can be freely accessed, downloaded and even modified. The version available is a full-fledged model which can readily be used to conduct simulation exercises. This paper provides a general description of the model and an illustrative simulation exercise. Our results from this exercise highlight the fact that the Caribbean is a highly vulnerable region where climate change is expected to generate sizeable and negative economic consequences.
Large sample properties of maximum entropy histograms (1986)

The large sample properties of a new class of histogram estimators whose derivation is based on an information theory criterion--the maximum entropy principle, which preserves the observed mass and mean--are studied. The pointwise strong consistency, the point-wise asymptotic normality, and the rate of convergence to normality are investigated. The asymptotic mean square error (MSE) of these estimates is also compared relative to the histogram based on spacings, the classical <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</tex> -nearest neighbor, the kernel estimator, and the generalized <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</tex> -nearest neighbor density estimator.
Photochemical hydrogen production from ascorbic acid catalysed by tris(2, 2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) and hydridotris(triethylphosphine)palladium(II) (1984)

Hydrogen is produced catalytically, over a limited period of time, on photolysis of aqueous solutions containing [PdH(PEt3)3]+, [Ru(bipy)3]2+(bipy = 2,2′-bipyridyl), and ascorbic acid. Kinetic studies suggest a rate-determining electron transfer from photochemically produced [Ru(bipy)3]+ to [PdH(PEt3)3]+ to give a palladium(I) radical from which hydrogen is rapidly produced. Termination of the hydrogen-producing reaction is shown to occur because [PdH(PEt3)3]˙ is oxidised by product dehydroascorbic acid in a competing reaction to H2 production, and because of substantial bleaching of the [Ru(bipy)3]2+.
Chapter 4: Issues for Information Access on the Mobile Web (2011)

Although offering mobile services is a tremendous opportunity to expand a library's ability to provide service to its community, the mobile Web is still a new technology and a seamless transition into mobile services is practically impossible. This chapter of Libraries and Mobile Services examines the most common issues and problems that librarians will face.
Optically tunable metal-dielectric diffractive structures (2022)

Hybrid metal-polymer micropillar arrays are elaborated by solvent-assisted embossing techniques and subsequent gold deposition. The polymer is poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) grafted with Disperse Red 1 (DR1) azobenzene derivatives. This photochromic material exhibits spectacular photomechanical properties. Under off-normal $p$-polarized illumination in the absorption band of the DR1, the metal-polymer hybrid micropillars bend in a direction determined by the light polarization. The deformation remains stable when the light excitation is turned off. The optically driven modification of the pillar shape allows us to tune the optical properties of the pillar arrays. Very large intensity changes are measured in the diffraction spectra at zero order (specular reflection), first order, and second order, with almost on and off switching of the diffraction efficiency. The photoinduced bending of the micropillars can be fully reversed by switching the linear light polarization to the orthogonal $s$-polarization state. This allows us to restore the initial optical properties of the pillar array. The polarization-controlled reversibility of the pillar deformation suggests a complex photoinduced deformation mechanism involving stress and stress release assisted by the change in the viscoelastic properties of the polymer under illumination in the absorption band of the DR1 chromophore.
Tolyporphins J and K, Two Further Porphinoid Metabolites from the Cyanobacterium Tolypothrix nodosa (1998)

Two new porphinoids, tolyporphins J (1) and K (2), have been isolated from the terrestrial cyanobacterium, Tolypothrix nodosa (HT-58-2) and identified by NMR and mass spectral analysis. The activities of tolyporphins J and K in cell sensitization and drug accumulation assays for multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal were compared with those of tolyporphin A. Unusual NMR spectroscopic shifts were observed for tolyporphin J (1) in CDCl3.
Eddy currents: theory and applications (1992)

The theory and applications of eddy currents induced in conducting materials by time-varying magnetic fields are reviewed. The mathematical methods employed in solving the relevant problems are presented. Both analytical and numerical methods are described. Applications based on effects arising from eddy currents are discussed in detail. These applications are to magnetic levitation, electromagnetic launching, hyperthermia treatment of cancer, and nondestructive testing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ASSESSING THE EFFECTS OF WATER CONSUMPTION ON DRY EYE SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS USING OCT-A RETINAL VASCULATURE AS A POTENTIAL MARKER OF HYDRATION STATUS (2019)

Purpose: To identify the effects of increased water intake on dry eye signs and symptoms and their association to retinal vessel diameter changes in healthy optometry students using the OCT-A.\nMethods: Candidates were screened for their hydration status and only dehydrated candidates (those who drink less than what is required for their weight) were eligible to participate. All individuals self-reported having no systemic conditions or ocular conditions linked with dry eyes. Thirty-six qualified subjects were evaluated for dry eye signs by assessing tear break-up time, tear volume, lipid layer thickness, blink rate, and Meibomian gland health. The Standardized Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) Questionnaire was used to screen subjects for severity of dryness as well as evaluate dry eye symptoms during the study. OCT-A was used to evaluate blood vessel changes pre- and post-water consumption. Qualifying subjects were asked to drink a specified amount of water within 24 hours. Signs and symptoms of dry eye were re-evaluated the next day.\nResults: ANCOVA analysis compared each subject’s post-treatment results to their pre-treatment (baseline) results. There was a significant difference between the control group and the experimental group for the SPEED score (p &lt; 0.05). There was no significant difference for tear break-up time, tear volume, lipid layer thickness, blink rate and Meibomian gland health between the control group and experimental group. Retinal vessel diameter changes were compared between the two groups using a simple scatterplot. Retinal vessel diameter changes showed mixed results for water intake and retinal diameter correlations. Overall, there was no significance in vessel diameters between groups.\nConclusions: Increased water intake does not improve signs of dry eye. However, subjects in the experimental group of this study experienced improved symptoms after increased water intake. This effect must be further investigated. The study also showed inconclusive data on the effect of retinal vessel diameter changes after increased water intake. This also requires further investigation.
Reconciling threshold and subthreshold expansions for pion–nucleon scattering (2017)

Heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory (ChPT) at one loop fails in relating the pion-nucleon amplitude in the physical region and for subthreshold kinematics due to loop effects enhanced by large low-energy constants. Studying the chiral convergence of threshold and subthreshold parameters up to fourth order in the small-scale expansion, we address the question to what extent this tension can be mitigated by including the (1232) as an explicit degree of freedom and/or using a covariant formulation of baryon ChPT. We find that the inclusion of the indeed reduces the low-energy constants to more natural values and thereby improves consistency between threshold and subthreshold kinematics. In addition, even in the -less theory the resummation of 1/m N corrections in the covariant scheme improves the results markedly over the heavy-baryon formulation, in line with previous observations in the single-baryon sector of ChPT that so far have evaded a profound theoretical explanation.
Sensor Ball: Modernized Logging (2021)

Abstract The latest development in the electronics and manufacturing industry has enabled work towards the modernization of oil-field instruments. As a part of this trend, it is the time to invent and design small size oil-field instruments that could be much more practical to handle, easy to use, and less costly. High temperatures and pressures of the downhole environment make it very challenging to design and further develop such downhole instruments. To create such apparatuses, a thorough study of downhole conditions needs to be done upfront. This study will further help to define the design specifications and requirements. By targeting liquid wells in Saudi Arabia, we have overcome the challenges posed by the harsh downhole environment and managed to design and manufacture a hand-held device called ‘Sensor Ball’ and tested it in the field.
Neuroprotective Effects of Laquinimod in Lewis Rat Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis (P4.107) (2015)

OBJECTIVE:We investigated the neuroprotective effect of laquinimod (LQ) in experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), a rat model of acute autoimmune peripheral polyneuritis (Guillain-Barre Syndrome). BACKGROUND:LQ is an orally administered, active immunomodulator with neuroprotective potential in phase 3 studies for patients with multiple sclerosis. It induces overexpression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the cortex of mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the model of multiple sclerosis. DESIGN/METHODS:Active EAN was induced by immunization with the peptide aa 53-78 of P2 myelin protein in Lewis rats followed by oral treatment with 12.5 mg/kg or 25 mg/kg LQ daily from day 1 to day 28 post-immunisation (p.i.), and clinical score was assessed daily. Histological analyses of the sciatic nerves regarding demyelination and early axonal damage (amyloid precursor protein, APP staining), inflammatory infiltrates and Schwann cells survival (TUNEL staining), and BDNF expression were performed at the disease maximum (day 16 p.i.). RESULTS:Treatment with 12.5 mg/kg LQ completely abolished clinical neuritis, and histology corroborated a lower degree of T cells and macrophages infiltration and demyelination in the peripheral nerves. Furthermore, we observed a reduction of early axonal damage, as implied by APP staining (p<0.0005, n=6). The histological analysis showed an increase of BDNF-producing Schwann cells (35[percnt] of BDNF-positive Schwann cells per slide for sham treated group as opposed to 50[percnt] for 12.5mg/kg/day laquinimod treated group p<0.005, n=6), with a coincidental improvement of Schwann cell survival (mean numbers of TUNEL+ Schwann cells 10/sciatic nerve section for sham treated rats, 3/sciatic nerve section for 12.5mg/kg/day laquinimod treated rats, p<0.005, n=6) in the sciatic nerves of laquinimod treated rats. CONCLUSIONS:LQ ameliorated experimental autoimmune neuritis showing a neuroprotective potential by reducing early axonal damage in sciatic nerves, possibly through an increase of BDNF-producing Schwann cells in the peripheral nerves.
Teaching Video Neuro Image : Acquired or congenital gaze-evoked nystagmus? (2008)

A 40-year-old female migraineur reported intermittent unsteadiness with headache. On examination, she had gaze-evoked horizontal-torsional nystagmus that was also evident during pursuit (video). Nystagmus recordings showed increasing-velocity slow phases typical for congenital nystagmus (CN) (figure A relative subsequently confirmed that the nystagmus was long-standing.
Influence of molecular weight on the phase behavior and structure formation of branched side-chain hairy-rod polyfluorene in bulk phase (2005)

We report on an experimental study of the self-organization and phase behavior of hairy-rod pi -conjugated branched side-chain polyfluorene, poly[9,9-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-fluorene-2,7-diyl]-i.e., poly[2,7-(9,9-bis(2-ethylhexyl)fluorene] (PF2/6) -as a function of molecular weight (M(n)) . The results have been compared to those of phenomenological theory. Samples for which M(n) =3-147 kg/mol were used. First, the stiffness of PF2/6 , the assumption of the theory, has been probed by small-angle neutron scattering in solution. Thermogravimetry has been used to show that PF2/6 is thermally stable over the conditions studied. Second, the existence of nematic and hexagonal phases has been phenomenologically identified for lower and higher M(n) (LMW, M(n) < M(*)(n) and HMW, M(n) > M(*)(n) ) regimes, respectively, based on free-energy argument of nematic and hexagonal hairy rods and found to correspond to the experimental x-ray diffraction (XRD) results for PF2/6 . By using the lattice parameters of PF2/6 as an experimental input, the nematic-hexagonal transition has been predicted in the vicinity of glassification temperature (T(g)) of PF2/6 . Then, by taking the orientation parts of the free energies into account the nematic-hexagonal transition has been calculated as a function of temperature and M(n) and a phase diagram has been formed. Below T(g) of 80 degrees C only (frozen) nematic phase is observed for M(n)< M(*)(n) = 10(4) g/mol and crystalline hexagonal phase for M(n) > M(*)(n) . The nematic-hexagonal transition upon heating is observed for the HMW regime depending weakly on M(n) , being at 140-165 degrees C for M(n) > M(*)(n). Third, the phase behavior and structure formation as a function of M(n) have been probed using powder and fiber XRD and differential scanning calorimetry and reasonable semiquantitative agreement with theory has been found for M(n) >or=3 kg/mol. Fourth, structural characteristics are widely discussed. The nematic phase of LMW materials has been observed to be denser than high-temperature nematic phase of HMW compounds. The hexagonal phase has been found to be paracrystalline in the (ab0) plane but a genuine crystal meridionally. We also find that all these materials including the shortest 10-mer possess the formerly observed rigid five-helix hairy-rod molecular structure.
Advanced Radioactive Material Removal System by Silver Zeolite (2021)

Since it is difficult to remove radioactive noble gas, the development of high performance adsorbent has been desired from the viewpoint of exposure prevention. We were able to develop a new adsorbent, XeA that has more than 10 times the performance of existing products. By utilizing this adsorbent in nuclear power plants, it is possible to contribute to improve noble gas equipment, non-combustibility and reduction of radiation exposure.
In-Hospital Complication Rates After Stent Treatment of 388 Symptomatic Intracranial Stenoses (2010)

The complication rates within the registry are within the limits of previously published data. Severe adverse events were equally distributed between potential risk groups with similar rates but different types of main complications in the anterior and posterior circulation.
P16.09: Sonographic appearance of a retroperitoneal ectopic pregnancy treated by robot assisted laparoscopy with temporary occlusion of the blood supply (2010)

Retroperitoneal ectopic pregnancy is extremely rare and therefore a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We present a case of a 34-year woman with a previous right tubal ectopic pregnancy and one normal pregnancy following IVF treatment. The women was again pregnant after IVF treatment, sought medical care because of painless bleeding, and was admitted since ultrasound suspected an ectopic pregnancy. At laparoscopy a seemingly normal left tube was removed. Histology showed no trophoblast. As hCG continued to rise the patient was assessed by an experienced sonographer 7 days later. By using an dynamic examination technique a retroperitoneal pregnancy was suspected, located retroperitoneally in the right Obturator fossa, just distal to the bifurcation of the right external iliac and the hypogastric vein. A live fetus with a CRL of 8 mm and a trophoblastic, vascularized ring of 25 mm was found. By the use of 3D color Doppler the vascular supply of the pregnancy was suspected to arise from the right the hypogastric artery. The patient underwent robot assisted laparoscopic surgery with temporary occlusion of the right hypogastric artery to diminish the risk of bleeding complications. The surgery was successful and the patient recovered completely. Histological evaluation showed that the pregnancy appeared as if located in a lymph-node suggesting lymphatic spread, possible facilitated by deep deposition of the fertilized ovum during IVF. Supporting information can be found in the online version of this abstract. 3D power Doppler of vascular supply to the retroperitoneal ectopic pregnancy. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A novel integrated current doubler rectifier (2002)

This paper presents an innovative current doubler rectifier, which integrates all the magnetic components into a single core and minimizes the number of high current windings. Compared to the conventional approach, the proposed integrated magnetic structure features reduced core loss, smaller core size, and reduced AC conduction losses, all while still reducing winding losses. The new rectification circuit can be applied to many topologies. An asymmetrical half-bridge converter was used as one attractive example to demonstrate the operation and performance of the proposed structure. A prototype featuring 400 V input, 48 V output, 200 kHz switching frequency, and 1 kW output power was also developed based on this topology.
Optical Vortex Lasers for Chiral Material Science (2013)

We review our optical vortex laser studies including high power optical vortex lasers formed of a stressed large-mode-area fiber and side-pumped bounce amplifiers. The frequency extension of optical vortex lasers based on second (or third) order nonlinear processes is also addressed. Optical vortex lasers enable us to fabricate a chiral nano-structure originated by angular momentum transfer of the optical vortex to a material. Such chiral nano-structures will open a new aspect of physics (termed ‘chiral material science’), including planar chiral metamaterials and the selective identification of chiral chemical composites.
Long-term visual tracking based on adaptive correlation filters (2018)

During the tracking, kernelized correlation filters may fail as the target is occluded seriously and goes out of view. To solve this problem, a long-term visual tracking algorithm based on adaptive correlation filters is proposed. First, we learn two correlation filters to locate the target and estimate the target scale, respectively. Meanwhile, we learn an independent target appearance correlation filter conservatively updated to know the occlusion degree of the target. Second, we combine the Kalman filter to predict and the support vector machine detector to redetect when tracking failure occurs, caused by the target undergoing severe occlusion or disappearing in the camera view. Third, to solve model drifts due to serious appearance changes of the target, we apply an adaptive model updating strategy to update the correlation filters and classifier. Extensive experimental results on the OTB2013 benchmark dataset demonstrate that our proposed method achieves the excellent overall performance against the nine state-of-the-art methods while running efficiently in real time.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Tri- and Tetrasubstituted Imidazoles as Highly Potent and Specific ATP-Mimetic Inhibitors of p38 MAP Kinase: Focus on Optimized Interactions with the Enzyme’s Surface-Exposed Front Region (2008)

The synthesis, biological testing, and SAR of novel 2,4,5- and 1,2,4,5-substituted 2-thioimidazoles are described. Amino, oxy, or thioxy substituents at the 2-position of the pyridinyl moiety were evaluated for their contributions to inhibitor potency and selectivity against p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) as well as for the ability to minimize cytochrome P450 (CYP450) inhibition. Incorporation of polar substituted (cyclo)aliphatic amino substituents (e.g., tetrahydropyranylamino), which positively interacted with the surface-exposed front region (hydrophobic region II) of the enzyme led to the identification of extremely potent p38 MAPK inhibitors with p38 IC 50 values in the low nanomolar range. Approximately 90 pyridinylimidazole-based compounds with a range of potencies against p38alpha MAP kinase were further investigated for their ability to inhibit the release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and/or interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) from human whole blood. Some of the most promising drug candidates underwent selectivity profiling against a panel of 17 different kinases besides p38alpha and/or were tested for their interaction potential toward a number of metabolically relevant CYP450 isozymes.