gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry (2019)

New analytical methods are urgently needed to enable high-throughput, yet comprehensive drug screening, given an alarming opioid and prescription drug crisis in public health. Conventional urine drug testing based on a two-tier immunoassay screen followed by a gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) or liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method are expensive and prone to bias while being limited to targeted panels of known drugs of abuse (DoA). Herein, we outline an improved method for drug surveillance that allows for the resolution and detection of an expanded panel of DoA and their metabolites when using multisegment injection-capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (MSI-CE-MS). Multiplexed separations of ten urine samples with a quality control by CE (< 3 min/sample) in conjunction with full-scan data acquisition using a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF-MS) under positive ion mode detection allows for the identification and quantification of DoA above recommended cut-off levels. An excellent resolution of drug isomers and isobars, including background interferences, are achieved when using MSI-CE-MS with an electrokinetic spacer between sample segments, where accurate mass/molecular formula together with the comigration of a matching deuterated internal standard and the detection of one or more bio-transformed metabolites facilitate DoA identification over a wider detection window. Additionally, urine samples can be analyzed directly without enzyme deconjugation for the rapid screening without complicated sample workup. MSI-CE-MS enables the surveillance of a broad spectrum of DoA that is required for the treatment monitoring of high-risk patients, including confirming prescribed drug adherence, revealing illicit drug use/substitution, and evaluating optimal dosage regimes as required for new advances in precision medicine.
Desktop-based network management (2003)

Desktop-based management is the activity of managing networks and systems using standard desktop tools (for instance a text editor), methods (drag and drop) and paradigms (trashcan). The principles behind desktop-based management are: every piece of management resource/information must be accessible from the desktop; the composition of management information (for instance weekly router usage) should be accessible from the desktop, hence virtually from every application; every management resource should be visible at desktop level (for instance into the file system) and accessible from several applications.
Bispecific antibodies mimicking factor VIII in hemophilia A: converting innovation to an essential medicine (2023)

Preventive subcutaneous treatment of severe hemophilia A with bispecific antibodies that mimic the action of coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) is emerging as an effective alternative to replacement therapy with intravenous administration of FVIII concentrates, either derived from plasma or produced by biotechnology. Access to this innovative therapeutic approach for a growing number of patients worldwide increasingly appears to be a priority public health strategy. Inclusion of FVIII mimetic bispecific antibodies on the World Health Organization essential medicines list would contribute to health equity in lower-income countries.
Abstract 15199: Long-Term Prognostic Impact of No-Reflow Phenomenon After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With St-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (2013)

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated a strong association between no-reflow phenomenon, infarct size and adverse cardiovascular outcome in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial in...
Multi-View Laser Point Cloud Global Registration for a Single Object (2018)

Global registration is an important step in the three-dimensional reconstruction of multi-view laser point clouds for moving objects, but the severe noise, density variation, and overlap ratio between multi-view laser point clouds present significant challenges to global registration. In this paper, a multi-view laser point cloud global registration method based on low-rank sparse decomposition is proposed. Firstly, the spatial distribution features of point clouds were extracted by spatial rasterization to realize loop-closure detection, and the corresponding weight matrix was established according to the similarities of spatial distribution features. The accuracy of adjacent registration transformation was evaluated, and the robustness of low-rank sparse matrix decomposition was enhanced. Then, the objective function that satisfies the global optimization condition was constructed, which prevented the solution space compression generated by the column-orthogonal hypothesis of the matrix. The objective function was solved by the Augmented Lagrange method, and the iterative termination condition was designed according to the prior conditions of single-object global registration. The simulation analysis shows that the proposed method was robust with a wide range of parameters, and the accuracy of loop-closure detection was over 90%. When the pairwise registration error was below 0.1 rad, the proposed method performed better than the three compared methods, and the global registration accuracy was better than 0.05 rad. Finally, the global registration results of real point cloud experiments further proved the validity and stability of the proposed method.
Collaborative streaming-based media content sharing in WiFi-enabled home networks (2010)

In home networks, it has been challenging to provide flexible and scalable media content sharing among heterogeneous consumer electronic devices. Upcoming industrial standard WiFi-Direct will prompt the popular WiFi-equipped devices to establish instant ad-hoc peer-to-peer (i.e., direct) connectivity. In this paper, we propose DOMS (Decentralized cOllaborative Media content Streaming) that realizes flexible media content sharing by exploiting collaborative segment-based streaming amongst WiFi devices via the temporarily-established direct links. We implement the DOMS prototype devices with embedded computing machines and verify its performance under several realistic experimental configurations. The realized prototype devices altogether show improved sharing performance by supporting two-times more concurrent devices at target media quality when compared with conventional non-collaborative (i.e., client-server) streaming.
Molecular Modeling of Nucleic Acids (1997)

Molecular modeling of nucleic acids began with James Watson and Francis Crick (1). Watson and Crick integrated the experimental findings of many other scientists with their own stereochemical insights to juxtapose the building blocks of DNA, the bases, in a novel way. The now familiar double helix was the result. Although they used no computers for this, theirs was molecular modeling of the highest order! We begin this chapter with an overview of the experimental and theoretical developments which played a role in Watson and Crick's discovery. We continue by highlighting other milestones to our present understanding of nucleic acid structure, dynamics, and function.
90 GERM-LINE TRANSMISSION OF DONOR MITOCHONDRIAL DNA IN NUCLEAR TRANSFER-DERIVED COWS (2006)

In embryos derived by nuclear transfer (NT), fusion, or injection of donor cells with recipient oocytes caused mitochondrial heteroplasmy. Previous studies have reported varying patterns of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) transmission in cloned calves. Distribution of donor mtDNA found in offspring of NT-derived founders may also vary from donor–host embryo heteroplasmy to host embryo homoplasmy. Here we examined the transmission of mtDNA from NT cows to their progeny. NT cows were originally produced by fusion of enucleated oocytes with Jersey (J) or Holstein (H1) oviduct epithelial cells, or Holstein (H2) or Japanese Black (B) cumulus cells, as previously reported (Goto et al . 1999 Anim. Sci. J. 70, 243–245; Yonai et al . 2005 J. Dairy Sci. 88, 4097–4110; Akagi et al . 2003 Mol. Reprod. Dev. 66, 264–272). Transmission of donor cell mtDNA was analyzed by PCR-mediated single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis of the mitochondrial D-loop region. Eleven NT founder cows were analyzed, 4 (2 = J-NT, and 2 = H1-NT) of them were heteroplasmic whereas 7 (1 = J-NT, 1 = H1-NT, 2 = H2-NT, and 3 = B-NT) were homoplasmic for the host embryo mitochondria. The proportions of donor mtDNA detected in one J-NT cow was 7.7%, and those of other cow lineages were &amp;lt;2%. Heteroplasmic NT cows delivered a total of 9 progeny. Four of the 9 progeny exhibited heteroplasmy with high percentages of donor cell mtDNA populations (52%, 37%, 17%, and 43%). The other 5 progeny were obtained from heteroplasmic NT cows, and all samples of the 10 progeny obtained from the homoplasmic NT cows did not harbor detectable donor cell mtDNA. A genetic bottleneck in the female germ-line will generally favor the transmission of a single mitochondrial population, leading to a return to homoplasmy. Thus, some of progeny maintained heteroplasmy with a higher ratio than that of their NT mothers, which may also reflect a segregation distortion caused by the proposed mitochondrial bottleneck. These results demonstrated that donor mtDNA in NT cows could be transmitted to progeny with varying efficiencies, in a lineage-specific fashion.
HPV-associated Vulvar Intraepithelial Carcinoma With Sebaceous Differentiation: Report of 2 Cases (2022)

Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is a malignant neoplasm demonstrating sebocytic differentiation, commonly in the periocular area. Sebocytic differentiation is recognized by multivesicular cytoplasmic clearing with frequent nuclear scalloping. The vesicles can be highlighted by immunohistochemical stains against the perilipin family proteins including adipophilin. Extraocular SC is uncommon but well reported, often in the setting of Muir-Torre syndrome; however, vulvar SC is exceptionally rare. The literature review yielded only 12 prior cases of vulvar SC, all of which showed invasion. Here we report 2 additional similar cases from 2 different institutions of an intraepithelial carcinoma with sebaceous differentiation. Histologic examination of multiple specimens from both patients showed similar features: a multifocal intraepithelial basaloid nodular neoplasm sparing the basal layer with occasional pagetoid spread. The tumor cells demonstrated a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, mitoses, variably foamy vacuolated cytoplasm, and nuclear indentation. Multiple specimens from both patients showed evidence of sebaceous differentiation (substantiated by adipophilin positivity in a membranous vesicular pattern in case 1 and by androgen receptor and epithelial membrane antigen positivity in case 2), and squamous differentiation (substantiated by p63/p40 and weak CK 5/6 expression), as well as human papillomavirus (HPV) association (substantiated by p16 block positivity and detection of high-risk HPV by in situ hybridization). One case was a true in situ lesion without evidence of invasion, and the other case was predominantly an in situ carcinoma with prominent adnexal extension and focal superficial invasion of &lt;1 mm seen in one of multiple specimens. To our knowledge, these 2 cases are the first to show a vulvar SC/carcinoma with sebaceous differentiation that is predominantly limited to the epidermis, and the first documentation of HPV infection in vulvar sebaceous neoplasms. Vulvar intraepithelial carcinoma with sebaceous differentiation is the umbrella term we chose for this entity. Whether this is a true SC in situ that is HPV positive/driven, or a vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia with sebaceous differentiation, is not entirely clear. We emphasize the importance of looking for this morphology to avoid misclassification. Due to the rarity of cases, optimal treatment at this site has not been established.
A simple method for co-segregation analysis to evaluate the pathogenicity of unclassified variants; BRCA1 and BRCA2 as an example (2009)

Although co-segregation analysis on itself is in most cases insufficient to prove pathogenicity of an UV, this method simplifies the use of co-segregation as one of the key features in a multifactorial approach considerably.
Synthesis and characterization of the ring‐opened copolymers of deltacyclene, 5‐siloxydeltacyclene, and norbornene (1993)

Abstract The ring‐opening metathesis copolymerizations of deltacyclene, substituted deltacyclene, and norbornene was achieved using RuCl 3 , ReCl 5 , and molybdenum alkylidene catalysts. The reaction conditions employed are similar to those used previously in the syntheses of homopolymers. The low conversion copolymerization of deltacyclene and norbornene showed that deltacyclene is more reactive than norbornene by a factor of 2.4. The characterization and physical properties of these copolymers were determined using NMR, GPC, T g , and viscosity measurements. © 1993 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Noise-Contrastive Estimation for Answer Selection with Deep Neural Networks (2016)

We study answer selection for question answering, in which given a question and a set of candidate answer sentences, the goal is to identify the subset that contains the answer. Unlike previous work which treats this task as a straightforward pointwise classification problem, we model this problem as a ranking task and propose a pairwise ranking approach that can directly exploit existing pointwise neural network models as base components. We extend the Noise-Contrastive Estimation approach with a triplet ranking loss function to exploit interactions in triplet inputs over the question paired with positive and negative examples. Experiments on TrecQA and WikiQA datasets show that our approach achieves state-of-the-art effectiveness without the need for external knowledge sources or feature engineering.
Estimation of capillary pressure in liquid phase sintering (2001)

The capillary force, arising from the curvature of the liquid meniscus between neighbouring particles in liquid phase sintering, provides a sintering driving force. The capillary force is orientated isotropically and provides a compressive stress normal to the neck section between neighbouring solid particles. During liquid phase sintering, the liquid accelerates mass transport and improves sintering densification owing to the intergrain capillary forces. This capillary force can be converted to an equivalent hydrostatic pressure. Based on the two particle model and Rayleigh distribution function of the closest distance between neighbour particles, the capillary pressure, also known as the sintering stress, was calculated in this study. As expected, when a compact with very low green density was sintered, the capillary pressure is small. The capillary pressure increases with densification but decreases when pores are closed up.
TRIpartite Motif 21 (TRIM21) Differentially Regulates the Stability of Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 (IRF5) Isoforms (2014)

IRF5 is a member of the Interferon Regulatory Factor (IRF) family of transcription factors activated downstream of the Toll-Like receptors (TLRs). Polymorphisms in IRF5 have been shown to be associated with the autoimmune disease Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and other autoimmune conditions, suggesting a central role for IRF5 in the regulation of the immune response. Four different IRF5 isoforms originate due to alternative splicing and to the presence or absence of a 30 nucleotide insertion in IRF5 exon 6. Since the polymorphic region disturbs a PEST domain, a region associated with protein degradation, we hypothesized that the isoforms bearing the insertion might have increased stability, thus explaining the association of individual IRF5 isoforms with SLE. As the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIpartite Motif 21 (TRIM21) has been shown to regulate the stability and hence activity of members of the IRF family, we investigated whether IRF5 is subjected to regulation by TRIM21 and whether dysregulation of this mechanism could explain the association of IRF5 with SLE. Our results show that IRF5 is degraded following TLR7 activation and that TRIM21 is involved in this process. Comparison of the individual IRF5 variants demonstrates that isoforms generated by alternative splicing are resistant to TRIM21-mediated degradation following TLR7 stimulation, thus providing a functional link between isoforms expression and stability/activity which contributes to explain the association of IRF5 with SLE.
Indexing spatio-temporal trajectories with Chebyshev polynomials (2004)

In this paper, we attempt to approximate and index a d- dimensional (d ≥ 1) spatio-temporal trajectory with a low order continuous polynomial. There are many possible ways to choose the polynomial, including (continuous)Fourier transforms, splines, non-linear regressino, etc. Some of these possiblities have indeed been studied beofre. We hypothesize that one of the best possibilities is the polynomial that minimizes the maximum deviation from the true value, which is called the minimax polynomial. Minimax approximation is particularly meaningful for indexing because in a branch-and-bound search (i.e., for finding nearest neighbours), the smaller the maximum deviation, the more pruning opportunities there exist. However, in general, among all the polynomials of the same degree, the optimal minimax polynomial is very hard to compute. However, it has been shown thta the Chebyshev approximation is almost identical to the optimal minimax polynomial, and is easy to compute [16]. Thus, in this paper, we explore how to use the Chebyshev polynomials as a basis for approximating and indexing d-dimenstional trajectories.The key analytic result of this paper is the Lower Bounding Lemma. that is, we show that the Euclidean distance between two d-dimensional trajectories is lower bounded by the weighted Euclidean distance between the two vectors of Chebyshev coefficients. this lemma is not trivial to show, and it ensures that indexing with Chebyshev cofficients aedmits no false negatives. To complement that analystic result, we conducted comprehensive experimental evaluation with real and generated 1-dimensional to 4-dimensional data sets. We compared the proposed schem with the Adaptive Piecewise Constant Approximation (APCA) scheme. Our preliminary results indicate that in all situations we tested, Chebyshev indexing dominates APCA in pruning power, I/O and CPU costs.
Oxidation Behavior and Mechanical Property of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Ceramics with Rare Earth Oxide Addition (2007)

The effects of rare earth oxides (Lu2O3 and La2O3) on the property, microstructure and oxidation behavior of hot-pressing sintered Si3N4 ceramics were investigated. The silicon nitride ceramics with Lu2O3 and La2O3 as addition have been fabricated by hot-pressed at 1800°C for 1h under a pressure of 25MPa. Oxidation test was carried out at 1400°C in air for 100 hours. Mechanical properties, SEM and XRD were measured before and after oxidation. The results showed that Si3N4 ceramics doped Lu2O3 had good microstructure and mechanical properties than those doped La2O3. Oxidation test showed a parabolic weight gain with oxidation time at 1400°C in air and the oxidation products of the ceramics were SiO2, Re2Si2O7 and Re2SiO5 confirmed by XRD and EDS. The rate-controlling step was the diffusion of ion. The samples doped Lu2O3 showed superior oxidation resistance to those doped La2O3.
A Theory for El Niño and the Southern Oscillation (1985)

A coupled atmosphere-ocean model is presented for El Niño and the Southern Oscillation that reproduces its major features, including its recurrence at irregular intervals. The interannual El Niño-Southern Oscillation cycle is maintained by deterministic interactions in the tropical Pacific region. Ocean dynamics alter sea-surface temperature, changing the atmospheric heating; the resulting changes in surface wind alter the ocean dynamics. Annually varying mean conditions largely determine the spatial pattern and temporal evolution of El Niño events.
Repeated ruminal dosing of Ruminococcus spp. does not result in persistence, but changes in other microbial populations occur that can be measured with quantitative 16S-rRNA-based probes (2001)

Digestibility of fibre in ruminants may be improved by the introduction of highly fibrolytic strains of ruminal bacteria. This approach may be feasible if, for example, strains of Ruminococcus that are significantly more fibrolytic than the normal population of Ruminococcus are used for inoculation purposes. Introduced strains of bacteria, irrespective of ecosystem, often decline after inoculation, and in this study, highly fibrolytic strains of Ruminococcus were continuously dosed to ensure that measurements of fibre digestion were made in the presence of significant numbers of the introduced bacteria. During dosing the total culturable count increased significantly (P<0.05), but declined post-dosing. The level of dosed Ruminococcus, and total Ruminococcus, Fibrobacter succinogenes and eukaryotes measured by 16S rRNA probes increased significantly (P<0.05) during the dosing period, but also declined post-dosing. When in vitro nylon bag digestibility, feed intake or whole-tract digestibility was measured, no improvement could be measured.
Some experiments on free droplet combustion at low gravity (1990)

A small‐scale (7.6m) drop tower was used for studying the combustion of unsupported fuel droplets (about 500 μm initial diameter) in a stagnant ambience under lower gravity. The experimental procedure consisted of generating a droplet in a near vertical trajectory and then releasing the chamber within which the droplet was introduced, as well as associated instrumentation, into free‐fall when the droplet reached the apex of its trajectory.Some results of the burning of n‐heptane, toluene, and heptane/hexadecane mixture droplets are reported. The range of the heptane data is discussed in terms of possibly varying ambient conditions around the droplet during burning due to droplet motion. Microexplosions were not observed for the mixture reported.
DEUTERIUM ISOTOPE SEPARATION IN THE CHEMICAL REACTION OF ALUMINIUM AMALGAM AND WATER (2012)

Deuterium isotope separation process takes place in the reaction of the amalgamated aluminium metal surface and water. The reaction produces hydrogen gas with ~40 ppm deuterium content and the formed aluminium hydroxide gel is enriched in deuterium. The theoretical separation factor is s=3.9. Besides the kinetic isotope effect, the key factor in the separation process is the H2O+HD=HDO +H2 exchange reaction. Since only a low amount of amalgam forms on the aluminium surface, the overvoltage difference of the deuterium and the hydrogen on the mercury does not play key role in the process. The main role of the amalgam formation is embodied in the decomposition of the stable oxide layer on the aluminium surface, thus ensuring free metallic surfaces for the reaction with the water.
First Observation of Deterministic Chaos in Passive Q-Switching Pulsation (1988)

A laser with a saturable absorber (LSA) shows spontaneous periodic pulsation (passive Q-switching, PQS) in the single-mode laser oscillation. Various types of periodic PQS are observed in a CO 2 laser, depending on the conditions of the laser and absorber [1]. Recently we have developed a novel rate-equation model for the CO 2 laser system which includes a fast vibrational relaxation of the lower laser level [2]. The model systematically reproduces almost all the PQS pulse shapes observed so far [2,3].