gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED DETERMINATION OF THE LITHIUM DEPLETION BOUNDARY AGE OF BLANCO 1 AND A FIRST LOOK ON THE EFFECTS OF MAGNETIC ACTIVITY (2014)

The Lithium Depletion Boundary (LDB) is a robust method for accurately determining the ages of young clusters, but most pre-main-sequence models used to derive LDB ages do not include the effects of magnetic activity on stellar properties. In light of this, we present results from our spectroscopic study of the very low-mass members of the southern open cluster Blanco 1 using the Gemini-North telescope, program IDs: GN-2009B-Q-53 and GN-2010B-Q-96. We obtained GMOS spectra at intermediate resolution for cluster candidate members with $I$$\approx$13--20 mag. From our sample of 43 spectra, we find 14 probable cluster members by considering proximity to the cluster sequence in an $I/I-K\rm_s$ color-magnitude diagram, agreement with the cluster's systemic radial velocity, and magnetic activity as a youth indicator. We systematically analyze the H$\alpha$ and Li features and update the LDB age of Blanco 1 to be $126^{+13}_{-14}$ Myr. Our new LDB age for Blanco 1 shows remarkable coevality with the benchmark Pleiades open cluster. Using available empirical activity corrections, we investigate the effects of magnetic activity on the LDB age of Blanco 1. Accounting for activity, we infer a corrected LDB age of $114^{+9}_{-10}$ Myr. This work demonstrates the importance of accounting for magnetic activity on LDB inferred stellar ages, suggesting the need to re-investigate previous LDB age determinations.
001 Neurological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019: a comprehensive review (2021)

Background There is growing evidence that SARS-Cov-2 infection is associated with severe neurological complications. Understanding the nature and prevalence of these neurologic manifestations is essential for identifying higher-risk patients and projecting demand for ongoing resource utilisation. This review and meta-analysis report the neurologic manifestations identified in hospitalised COVID-19 patients and provide a preliminary estimate of disease prevalence.Methods MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus were searched for studies reporting the occurrence of neurological complications in hospitalised COVID-19 patients.Results A total of 2207 unique entries were identified and screened, among which 14 cohort studies and 53 case reports were included, reporting on a total of 8,577 patients. Central nervous system manifestations included ischemic stroke (n=226), delirium (n=79), intracranial haemorrhage (ICH, n=57), meningoencephalitis (n=13), seizures (n=3), and acute demyelinating encephalitis (n=2). Peripheral nervous system manifestations included Guillain-Barrè Syndrome (n=21) and other peripheral neuropathies (n=3). The pooled period prevalence of ischemic stroke from identified studies was 1.3% [95%CI: 0.9% – 1.8%, 102/7715] in all hospitalised COVID-19 patients, and 2.8% [95%CI: 1.0% - 4.6%, 9/318] among COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU. The pooled prevalence of ICH was estimated at 0.4% [95%CI: 0%-0.8%, 6/1006].Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic exerts a substantial neurologic burden which may have residual effects on patients and healthcare systems for years. Low quality evidence impedes the ability to accurately predict the magnitude of this burden. Robust studies with standardised screening and case definitions are required to improve understanding of this disease and optimise treatment of individuals at higher risk for neurologic sequelae.Back to top
Laboratory-scale simulation of underground coal gasification: experiment and theory (1981)

LLNL has been conducting laboratory-scale experiments simulating underground coal gasification in order to better understand the physical and chemical phenomena governing the process. A 1 cm borehole is drilled through a block of coal which is cut to fit in a 55 gallon oil drum. Inlet gas may be air or oxygen/steam mixture at various ratios. The blocks are burned for a period of several hours at a prescribed flow schedule, with appropriate instrumentation. Gas quality is found to be relatively independent of coal type for the range of sub-bituminous coals tested. After the burn the blocks of coal are cut open to examine the cavity. A mathematical modeling effort supports these experiments. So far the models have been restricted to pure carbon, to simplify the chemistry in the model. No steam/char reaction is modeled. Only the carbon/oxygen surface reaction is allowed, hence the growth of the cavity wall is limited by the rate of transport of oxygen to the wall. When plug flow is assumed in the cavity the model predicts reasonable cavity shape downstream, but an incorrect shape upstream. When aerodynamic flow, including viscosity and vortex formation, is calculated in the cavity reasonable cavity shapes are obtained.
Effect of Particle Volume Fraction on the Thermal Conductivity and Mechanical Rigidity of Particle-Laden Polymeric Thermal Interface Material (2001)

Abstract This paper reports the measurement of the thermal conductivity of particle-laden polymeric thermal interface materials for three different particle volume fraction. The experimental data is further compared with the percolation model and effective medium theory. This paper also introduces a method of obtaining the contact resistance between the particles and the polymeric matrix by combination of percolation modeling and experimental data. We also discuss the dependence of the mechanical response of these particle-laden polymers for different filler or particle loading. A novel mechanical length scale is defined to understand the mechanical response of these materials and is correlated to the viscosity of these materials.
Nonlinear THz Spectroscopy on the Dielectric Thin Films (2010)

Anharmonicity in the soft-mode potential of quantum-paraelectric SrTiO3 thin films has been directly observed with strong terahertz wave generated from a LiNbO3 single crystal. Hardening of the soft-mode resonance has been detected.
Analysis of parameter combinations for optimal soliton microcomb generation efficiency in a simple single-cavity scheme (2022)

Dissipative Kerr solitons generated in high-Q optical microresonators provide unique opportunities for different up-to-date applications. Increasing the generation efficiency of of such signals is a problem of paramount importance. We provided comprehensive analysis and found optimal conditions providing maximal pump-to-comb conversion efficiency (up to 100\%) for the cases of a free-running and self-injection-locked pump lasers. The dependence of the optimal coupling rate on the pump power was revealed, in addition to the trade-off relations balancing the efficiency and the comb line number. The methods to increase the total comb power were also discussed.
The association of premorbid diseases with chronic rhinosinusitis with and without polyps (2014)

The predisposing patterns of premorbid illnesses may provide valuable information regarding the underlying causes of CRS and allow for both therapeutic and preventive interventions. There remains conflicting evidence within the literature regarding the association of CRS with some medical conditions, signifying the need for continued research on the subject. Limitations of the current studies include small sample sizes, lack of prospective longitudinal or interventional studies that help establish causality, and variable criteria for diagnosis of CRS in the outpatient setting.
Minichromosome maintenance protein 2 expression in prostate: characterization and association with outcome after therapy for cancer. (2001)

The minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins are highly conserved proteins essential for initiating and regulating eukaryotic DNA replication. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential use of MCM proteins as markers of proliferation. We characterized the pattern of Mcm 2 staining in benign and malignant prostate tissues and examined the role of Mcm 2 expression in disease-free survival after surgery in men with localized prostate cancer. Tumors from 92 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer (median follow-up of 54 months) were examined for Mcm 2 expression by immunohistochemistry using a monoclonal antibody. Prostate tissue from five men without histopathological evidence of prostate cancer was also stained for Mcm 2. Mcm 2 expression was quantified by calculating a labeling index, and patients were grouped according to degree of staining. An analysis of the association between Mcm 2 expression with traditional clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer was carried out. A Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to determine whether Mcm 2 staining was a significant independent predictor of disease-free survival. Mcm 2 expression is low (<2%) and limited to the basal cell layer in nonmalignant prostate glands. Mcm 2 expression is consistently increased in malignant glands and is significantly associated with disease-free survival in univariate (P = 0.002) and multivariate (P = 0.01) analyses. Patients with high Mcm 2 expression exhibited shorter disease-free survival. Mcm 2 expression was not associated with any traditional clinical or pathological factors and therefore is an independent predictor of survival in these patients with prostate cancer. These data support evidence that Mcm 2 may serve as a novel proliferation marker in the prostate. Mcm 2 expression is an independent predictor of disease-free survival after definitive local therapy and has potential as a molecular marker for clinical outcome in prostate cancer.
Effect of 2% Chlorhexidine Digluconate on the Bond Strength to Normal Versus Caries-affected Dentin (2009)

This study evaluated the effect of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) used as a therapeutic primer on the long-term bond strengths of two etch-and-rinse adhesives to normal (ND) and caries-affected (CAD) dentin. Forty extracted human molars with coronal carious lesions, surrounded by normal dentin, were selected for this study. The flat surfaces of two types of dentin (ND and CAD) were prepared with a water-cooled high-speed diamond disc, then acid-etched, rinsed and air-dried. In the control groups, the dentin was re-hydrated with distilled water, blot-dried and bonded with a three-step (Scotchbond Multi-Purpose-MP) or two-step (Single Bond 2-SB) etch-and-rinse adhesive. In the experimental groups, the dentin was rehydrated with 2% CHX (60 seconds), blot-dried and bonded with the same adhesives. Resin composite build-ups were made. The specimens were prepared for microtensile bond testing in accordance with the non-trimming technique, then tested either immediately or after six-months storage in artificial saliva. The data were analyzed by ANOVA/Bonferroni tests (alpha = 0.05). CHX did not affect the immediate bond strength to ND or CAD (p > 0.05). CHX treatment significantly lowered the loss of bond strength after six months as seen in the control bonds for ND (p < 0.05), but it did not alter the bond strength of CAD (p > 0.05). The application of MP on CHX-treated ND or CAD produced bonds that did not change over six months of storage.
Characterizing a collective and dynamic component of chromatin immunoprecipitation enrichment profiles in yeast (2014)

Together our results suggest that the co-enrichment patterns observed in yeast represent transcription factor co-occupancy. More generally, they make clear that great caution must be used when interpreting ChIP enrichment profiles for individual factors in isolation, as they will include factor-specific as well as collective contributions.
Characterization of Electrically Active Defects in Si Using CCD Image Sensors (1978)

Abstract : The correlations that could be made between dark current spikes and defects observable in transmission electron microscopy have been statistical so far. That is, the number of visible defects of a type observable in the electron microscope is correlated with the number of dark current spikes observable in the region of the imager from which the sample was taken. this is an adequate technique when 1% or more of the pixels contain dark current spikes. This approach has enabled us to look at a larger number of specimens for each material, and therefore to obtain a better idea of the total defect picture in the material. In the coming quarter we plan to attempt some one-to-one correlations between the video image and transmission electron micrographs for microscopic (less than 1 micrometer) defects. Section II of this report presents the result of experiments for each group of materials that is being used. Also included in Section II are observations on the effectiveness of ISS backside damage, the relationship between total dark current and dark current spike density, and a discussion of the absence of any effects from transition metal impurities. The final section of this report discusses the origin of these defects and what may be done to eliminate them.
Anthelmintics (2000)

The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Parasitic Worms 2.1. Trematodes (Flukes) 2.1.1. Blood Flukes 2.1.2. Lung Flukes 2.1.3. Liver Flukes 2.1.4. Giant Intestinal Fluke 2.1.5. Lesser Intestinal Flukes 2.2. Cestodes (Tapeworms) 2.2.1. Broad or Fish Tapeworm 2.2.2. Beef Tapeworm 2.2.3. Pork Tapeworm 2.2.4. Dwarf Tapeworm 2.2.5. Dog Tapeworm 2.3. Nematodes (Roundworms) 2.3.1. Roundworm 2.3.2. Hookworms 2.3.3. Pinworm 2.3.4. Whipworm 2.3.5. Threadworm 2.3.6. Trichina 2.3.7. Larvae of Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Ancylostoma brasiliense and Ancylostoma caninum 2.3.8. Guinea Worm 2.3.9. Lymphatic Filariae 2.3.10. Convoluted Filaria 2.3.11. African Eye Worm 3. Anthelmintic Drugs
Provably Efficient Online Non-clairvoyant Adaptive Scheduling (2007)

Scheduling competing jobs on multiprocessors has always been an important issue for parallel and distributed systems. The challenge is to ensure global, system-wide efficiency while offering a level of fairness to user jobs. Various degrees of successes have been achieved over years. However, few existing schemes address both efficiency and fairness over a wide range of work loads. Moreover, in order to obtain analytical results, most of them require prior information about jobs, which may be difficult to obtain in real applications. This paper presents a novel adaptive scheduling algorithm GRAD that ensures fair allocation under all levels of workload, and it offers provable efficiency without requiring prior information of job's parallelism. Moreover, it provides effective control over the scheduling overhead and ensures efficient utilization of processors. Specifically, we show that GRAD is O(1)-competitive against an optimal offline scheduling algorithm with respect to both mean response time and makespan for batched jobs and non-batched jobs respectively. To the best of our knowledge, GRAD is the first non-clairvoyant scheduling algorithm that offers such guarantees. We also believe that our new approach of resource request-allotment protocol deserves further exploration. The simulation results show that, for non-batched jobs, the makespan produced by GRAD is no more than 1.39 times of the optimal on average. For batched jobs, the mean response time produced by GRAD is no more than 2.37 times of the optimal on average.
Demonstration of discrete place‐defined columns—segregates—in the cat SI (1990)

The SI forelimb area of cats was examined with receptive field (RF) mapping techniques. Arrays of closely spaced, near-radial microelectrode penetrations were inserted into the crown of postsigmoid gyrus of ketamine anesthetized subjects and minimal RFs were obtained at several depths. The minimal RF was defined as the skin site providing the strongest input to each recorded cluster of neurons. Data analysis showed that all studied cortical territories contained groups of discrete cortical columns, 300-400 microns in diameter. The columns were regarded as topographic entities because no change in minimal RF location could be observed within their boundaries. The boundaries of columns were sharp and could be unequivocally distinguished because the minimal RFs sampled on opposite sides of a boundary occupied displaced, nonoverlapping positions. Pair-wise comparison of single neuron maximal RFs (defined as the entire skin area providing input to the recorded neuron) further clarified the nature of the SI place-defined columns: (1) no systematic differences in maximal RF position could be demonstrated for different parts of the same column (even though the maximal RFs in most columns varied extensively in size and skin areas covered), and (2) at the boundary between neighboring columns maximal RFs shifted en masse to center on a new skin locus. These minimal and maximal RF observations strongly support our recent proposal that body surface is represented in SI by a honeycomblike mosaic of discrete place-defined cortical columns, segregates.
A Comparative Study of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Using P&O Method and Fuzzy Logic Method in Solar PV Array (2023)

During the day, the temperature and irradiance change, Therefore, attaining the maximum available power under certain environmental conditions may be complex and requires a set of techniques aimed at tracking the maximum available power. To address this problem, in this study, an intelligent fuzzy controller is proposed for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to control photovoltaic systems. PV arrays are connected to DC-DC boosters, MPPT controllers, and loads in this system. A comparison is made between the results obtained using the FLC and those obtained using the conventional P&O method. Simulation results with Matlab/Simulink show that the proposed algorithm has a more effective response in tracking the MPP, which decreases oscillations especially during rapid atmospheric changes.
The effect of substitution on the utility of piperidines and octahydroindoles for reversible hydrogen storage (2008)

Substituted piperidines and octahydroindoles are compared in terms of their usability as reversible organic hydrogen storage liquids for hydrogen-powered fuel cells. Theoretical Gaussian calculations indicate which structural features are likely to lower the enthalpy of dehydrogenation. Experimental results show that attaching electron donating or conjugated substituents to the piperidine ring greatly increases the rate of catalytic dehydrogenation, with the greatest rates being observed with 4-aminopiperidine and piperidine-4-carboxamide. Undesired side reactions were observed with some compounds such as alkyl transfer reactions during the dehydrogenation of 4-dimethylaminopiperidine, C–O and C–N cleavage reactions during hydrogenation and/or subsequent dehydrogenation of 4-alkoxy and 4-amino indoles, and disproportionation during the hydrogenation of 4-aminopyridine.
Advances in the Management of Sepsis and the Understanding of Key Immunologic Defects (2012)

Survey of Anesthesiology: December 2012 - Volume 56 - Issue 6 - p 273-275 doi: 10.1097/01.SA.0000422035.91638.f9
SnakeByte: A TLB Design with Adaptive and Recursive Page Merging in GPUs (2023)

This paper presents an address translation scheme in GPUs named SnakeByte that can dynamically manage variable-sized pages and maximize TLB reach by recursively merging contiguous pages. Memory virtualization has become an integral part of GPUs to enhance programmability and memory management efficiency. However, conventional memory virtualization methods using multi-level page tables and caching them in TLBs are insufficient to provide GPUs with enough address translation coverage for the massive volume of data. SnakeByte implements a hardware-based address translation mechanism that recursively merges contiguous pages into larger page groups and effectively extends TLB coverage. SnakeByte allows multiple equal-sized pages coalescing into a page table entry (PTE). It records the validity of pages to be merged using a bit vector, and few bits are annexed to indicate the size of merged pages. If all pages covered by the PTE are allocated with contiguity, the PTE is promoted to be further coalesced into a larger page group. The recursive coalescence of contiguous pages enables SnakeByte to handle variable-sized page groups with the exponentially increasing TLB reach. Associated with a contiguity-aware memory allocator, SnakeByte can consolidate vastly contiguous address spaces into a few TLB entries. Consequently, it significantly reduces TLB misses for large working sets in GPUs and achieves substantial performance improvements. Experiment results show that SnakeByte decreases the number of page table walks by 6.5x and enhances the GPU performance by 2.0x on average over the conventional paging scheme.
NI-59 * TABLET TECHNOLOGY FOR IMPROVED PREOPERATIVE SPEECH MAPPING USING FUNCTIONAL MRI IN PATIENTS WITH LOW-GRADE GLIOMA (2014)

INTRODUCTION AND METHODS: The survival benefit afforded by surgical resection for patients with low-grade gliomas (LGG) is becoming increasingly clear. Preoperative functional mapping with functional MRI and awake craniotomy with intraoperative mapping of speech and motor function have improved the safety and efficacy of surgery for LGG. We sought to expand the ability of preoperative fMRI to identify centers of functional eloquence by utilizing more sophisticated functional testing paradigms through the design of an MRI-compatible electronic tablet, which enables us to perform advanced language and motor testing during fMRI. RESULTS: Group analysis of healthy subjects produced activation in predicted locations (Broca's area for rhyming, Broca and Wernike's area for semantic decisions and the superior parietal lobule for word copying). Imaging results for the brain tumor patient showed bilateral language activation with active areas touching the tumor boundary. Conjunction analysis performed between rhyming and word copying tasks was found to substantially increase the specificity of the activation maps while maintaining the same sensitivity when compared with direct cortical simulation. CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary studies demonstrate that functional data for speech mapping generated by use of the tablet during fMRI is replicable at surgery, with an increased sensitivity without loss of specificty for speech cortex mapping. We have begun to identify advanced language testing paradigms for its further development.