gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of 8YSZ-Al2O3 solid oxide full cell (SOFC) electrolyte by a spark plasma sintering method (2005)

In order to improve electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of 8YSZ SOFC electrolyte material, we used Al₂O₃ as an additive and applied the spark plasma sintering (SPS) method. The sintered bodies were densified above 96 ％ of theoretical density at 1200℃ and possessed microstructures composed of homogeneous grains less than 1 ㎛ in size. The addition of Al₂O₃ improved fracture toughness and bending strength by inhibiting grain growth of 8YSZ and increased total ionic conductivity because grain interior conductivity appeared to remain constant and grain boundary conductivity increased. It was assumed that the dissolution of Al₂O₃ into 8YSZ which was inevitable problem at commercial sintering method was effectively prohibited by the SPS technique with a relatively low sintering temperature and the reaction between Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ present at grain boundary to produce the crystalline Al/sub 2-x/Si/sub l-y/O/sub 5/ phase, resulting in the increase of grain boundary conductivity.
Experimental demonstration of an isotropic metamaterial super lens with negative unity permeability at 8.5 MHz (2012)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation C. P. Scarborough, Z. H. Jiang, D. H. Werner, C. Rivero-Baleine, C. Drake; Experimental demonstration of an isotropic metamaterial super lens with negative unity permeability at 8.5 MHz. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2 July 2012; 101 (1): 014101. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4732158 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioApplied Physics Letters Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Association of cerebral white matter disease with cardiovascular risk factors, amyloid accumulation, and cognition (2020)

Abstract Background Understanding cerebrovascular health in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is vital, as the majority of individuals with dementia due to AD are also found to have vascular disease at autopsy. We examined the relationships between centrally and peripherally measured vascular health markers and amyloid accumulation across the AD clinical spectrum. Method Cerebral white matter (WM) disease was determined by a neuroradiologist using the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) score in 236 individuals (75% cognitively healthy, 25% cognitively impaired; Table 1) from the Wisconsin ADRC and WRAP cohorts. A subset (n = 73) of individuals completed [C‐11]PiB PET imaging. Metrics of internal carotid arterial (ICA) health assessed by 4D‐flow MRI as well as WM hyperintensity lesion volume (WMH‐LV), amyloid accumulation, vascular risk factors, and cognitive status were examined across individuals with high (≥3) and low (&lt;3) CHS scores (Table 2, Figures 1 &amp; 2). A threshold for vascular positivity (V+/‐) was identified as 1.5SD&gt;the mean %WMH‐LV of total intracranial volume in individuals with CHS&lt;3. Participants were classified according to their amyloid and vascular positivity status. Result In the larger dataset (n = 236), individuals with CHS≥3 were significantly older, more likely to be cognitively impaired, and demonstrated higher pulse pressure, lower cholesterol, and greater %WMH‐LV (Table 1, Figure 1). There was no difference between CHS groups in average ICA blood flow, ICA pulse wave velocity, or global PiB accumulation (Table 2). Neither CHS rating nor %WMH‐LV were associated with amyloid (Spearman’s rho = ‐.128, p = .280; Spearman’s rho = .078, p = .511, respectively). When using %WMH‐LV as a biomarker for cerebrovascular health, the vascular positivity threshold was 0.409%. In individuals with amyloid imaging, 54.8%(38/73) were V‐/A‐, 8.2%(8/73) were V+/A‐, 34.2%(24/73) were V‐/A+, and (2/73)0.8% were V+/A+. CHS rating and vascular positivity were not related to cognitive diagnosis in the amyloid imaging subset (Figure 2). Conclusion Elevated cerebral WM disease (CHS≥3) was related to greater WMH lesion burden, but not blood flow or pulse wave velocity of the ICAs. Thus far, in this sample spanning the continuum of AD, neuroimaging measures of vascular health were not related to amyloid, suggesting independence of these pathologies. Investigations into the associations between amyloid, cerebrovascular health, and cognition are ongoing as more data become available.
Osmium(IV) complexes with 1H- and 2H-indazoles: Tautomer identity versus spectroscopic properties and antiproliferative activity (2012)

A one-pot synthesis of osmium(IV) complexes with two different tautomers of indazole, 1H-indazole and 2H-indazole, namely (H(2)ind)[Os(IV)Cl(5)(2H-ind)] (1) and (H(2)ind)[Os(IV)Cl(5)(1H-ind)] (2) is reported. Both compounds have been comprehensively characterized by NMR spectroscopy, ESI (electrospray ionization) mass spectrometry, electronic absorption spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and tested for antiproliferative activity in vitro in three human cancer cell lines, CH1 (ovarian carcinoma), A549 (non-small cell lung cancer) and SW480 (colon carcinoma), as well as in vivo in a Hep3B SCID mouse xeno-transplantation model. 2H-Indazole tautomer stabilization in 1 has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction.
Intramolecular Anodic Olefin Coupling Reactions: Use of the Reaction Rate To Control Substrate/Product Selectivity (2010)

Unerwarteter Ringschluss: Die anodische Kupplung von Olefinen mit anhängenden Aminofunktionen unter Bildung von Prolin- und Pipecolinsäure-Derivaten mit quartärem α-Kohlenstoffzentrum (siehe Schema) gelang, obwohl das Produkt ein deutlich niedrigeres Oxidationspotential aufweist als beide funktionelle Gruppen im Substrat. Der Grund ist, dass die Cyclisierung sehr schnell eintritt. Ts=p-Toluolsulfonyl.
Impact of Light Intensity on Control in Photoinduced Organocatalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (2017)

Organic photoredox catalysts have been shown to operate organocatalyzed atom transfer radical polymerizations (O-ATRP) using visible light as the driving force. In this work, the effect of light intensity from white LEDs was evaluated as an influential factor in control over the polymerization and the production of well-defined polymers. We posit the irradiation conditions control the concentrations of various catalyst states necessary to mediate a controlled radical polymerization. Systematic dimming of white LEDs allowed for consideration of the role of light intensity on the polymerization performance. The general effects of decreased irradiation intensity in photoinduced O-ATRP were investigated through comparing two different organic photoredox catalysts: perylene and an 3,7-di(4-biphenyl) 1-naphthalene-10-phenoxazine. Previous computational efforts have investigated catalyst photophysical and electrochemical characteristics, but the broad and complex effects of varied irradiation intensity as an experimental variable on the mechanism of O-ATRP have not been explored. This work revealed that perylene requires more stringent irradiation conditions to achieve controlled polymer molecular weight growth and produce polymers with dispersities <1.50. In contrast, the 3,7-di(4-biphenyl) 1-naphthalene-10-phenoxazine is more robust, achieving linear polymer molecular weight growth under relative irradiation intensity as low as 25%, to produce polymers with dispersities <1.50. This finding is significant, as the discovery of highly robust catalysts is necessary to allow for the adoption of successful O-ATRP in a wide scope of conditions, including those which necessitate low light intensity irradiation.
Differential effects of insulin deprivation and systemic insulin treatment on plasma protein synthesis in type 1 diabetic people (2009)

It remains to be determined whether systemic insulin replacement normalizes synthesis rates of different plasma proteins and whether there are differential effects on various plasma proteins. We tested a hypothesis that insulin deprivation differentially affects individual plasma protein synthesis and that systemic insulin treatment may not normalize synthesis of all plasma proteins. We measured synthesis rates of 41 plasma proteins in seven each of type 1 diabetic (T1DM) and nondiabetic participants (ND) using [ring-(13)C(6)]phenylalanine as a tracer. T1DM were studied while on chronic insulin treatment and during 8 h insulin deprivation. Insulin treatment normalized glucose levels, but plasma insulin levels were higher during insulin treatment than during insulin deprivation in T1DM and ND. Individual plasma proteins were purified by affinity chromatography and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Only 41 protein gel spots from over 300 were chosen based on their protein homogeneity. Insulin deprivation and hyperglycemia either significantly increased (n = 12) or decreased (n = 12) synthesis rates of 24 of 41 plasma proteins in T1DM compared with ND. Insulin treatment normalized synthesis rates of 13 of these 24 proteins, which were altered during insulin deprivation. However, insulin treatment significantly altered the synthesis of 14 additional proteins. In conclusion, acute insulin deprivation caused both a decrease and increase in synthesis rates of many plasma proteins with various functions. Moreover, chronic systemic insulin treatment not only did not normalize synthesis of all plasma proteins but also altered synthesis of several additional proteins that were unaltered during insulin deprivation.
Preparation and Dielectric Properties of SrZrO3/SrTiO3 Superlattices (2004)

SrZrO 3 /SrTiO 3 (SZO/STO) artificial superlattices were fabricated on STO substrates by the molecular beam epitaxy. The structures of the superlattices were analyzed by reflection high-energy electron diffraction, normal θ-2θ scan mode X-ray diffraction analyses and reciprocal space mapping measurement. Their lattice parameters showed that the lattice distortion is dependent on stacking periodicity and is maximum in the [(SZO) 10 /(STO) 10 ] 4 superlattice. The dielectric properties were measured using interdigital electrodes at frequencies up to 110 MHz, and dielectric relaxation was observed in the [(SZO) 1 /(STO) 1 ] 40 and [(SZO) 10 /(STO) 10 ] 4 superlattices in the low-frequency domain. The dielectric permittivities of all superlattices with interdigital electrodes were more than 10,000 at 110 MHz. The charge vs voltage ( Q - V ) measurement revealed that the SZO/STO superlattices show distinct hysteresis curves, which indicated that ferroelectricity is induced by the superlattices. The origin of the ferroelectricity seems to be related to the anisotropic lattice distortion incorporated into the superlattice structure.
Nanoplastic fluorescence heterogeneity (2020)

Colloidal nanoparticles are at the vanguard of commercial nanotechnology, while environmental contaminants ranging from nanoparticle products to nanoplastic byproducts are of grave concern. Quantifying the heterogeneous structures and properties of nanoparticles is fundamental both to optimizing product quality and to understanding byproduct dangers, but such measurements remain impractical. To address this issue, we develop a novel analogue of a lateral flow assay which advances and integrates complex nanofluidic replicas, super-resolution optical microscopy, and Bayesian statistical analysis. Our system enables dimensional and optical metrology of single nanoparticles with new precision, accuracy, and throughput. We apply our system to measure polystyrene nanoparticles which sorb and carry fluorophores, quantifying the particle size distribution with nanometer resolution, and revealing that fluorescence intensity scales with particle size to nearly the fourth power and is intrinsically heterogeneous. Our study elucidates the fundamental structure-property relationship of unofficial standards for fluorescence microscopy and model nanoplastics as sorbents and carriers of toxic chemicals, resetting expectations for basic concepts of sorption and common practices of ensemble analysis and inference.
Is long-term functional outcome after lung volume reduction surgery predictable?✩ (2000)

Preoperative arterial pO(2) and pCO(2), and the DHG are predictors for long-term benefit after LVRS with regard to the FeV1, 1 year postoperatively.
Microstructure of YBa2Cu3Oy coated conductor using {100} ⟨001⟩ textured Cu tape with dual functions of metal substrate and electric stabilizing layer in order to develop low-cost high-TC superconducting wires (2020)

A new configuration of coated conductors (CCs), REBa2Cu3Oy (RE: rare earth elements such as Sm, Eu, Gd, and Y)/(Sr, La)TiO3 conductive buffer/Ni-electroplated {100}⟨001⟩ textured Cu and SUS316 lamination tape, has been proposed to reduce material costs. This conductive buffer layer is slightly modified from the previously reported Sr (Ti, Nb)O3 conductive buffer layers by changing the substitution element and site. However, a drastic change is found in the electric resistivity of the conductive buffer layers after oxygen annealing of YBa2Cu3Oy. The resistivity of Sr(Ti, Nb)O3 conductive buffer layers increases by more than three orders of magnitude, while the resistivity of (Sr, La)TiO3 is almost maintained and only minimally increases. Microscopic structural analysis of the CCs using the newly proposed conductive buffer layer is conducted using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A very clean interface between the metal tape and the conductive buffer layer in the 600 nm thick (Sr, La)TiO3 buffer layers is confirmed by the TEM analysis, which has no reactive layers as well as no inter-diffusion of oxygen and metal elements. This result will soon lead to the development of low-cost and high-performance CCs.
Effect of Tip Clearance Dimensions and Control of Unsteady Flows in a Multi-Stage High-Pressure Compressor (2012)

This paper describes the investigations performed to better understand unsteady flows that develop in a three-stage high-pressure compressor. More specifically, this study focuses on rotor-stator interactions and tip leakage flow effects on overall performance and aerodynamic stability. The investigation method is based on three-dimensional unsteady RANS simulations, considering the natural spatial periodicity of the compressor. Indeed, all information related to rotor-stator interactions can be computed. A comparison is first done with experimental measurements to outline the capacity of the numerical method to predict overall performance and unsteady flows. The results show that the simulation correctly estimates most flow features in the multistage compressor. Then numerical data obtained for three configurations of the same compressor are analyzed and compared. Configurations 1 and 2 consider two sets of tip clearance dimensions and a casing treatment based on a honeycomb design is applied for configuration 3. Detailed investigations of the flow at the same operating line show that the tip leakage flow is responsible for the loss of stability in the last stage. An increase by 30% of the tip clearance dimension dramatically reduces the stable operating range (by 40% with respect to the standard configuration). A modal analysis shows that the stall process in this case involves the perturbation of the flow in the last rotor by upstream stator wakes, leading to the development of a rotating instability. The control device designed and investigated in this study allows for reducing the sensitivity of the compressor to tip leakage flow by recovering the initial stable operating range.
High-Quality, Highly Concentrated Semiconducting Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes for Use in Field Effect Transistors and Biosensors (2013)

We developed a simple and scalable selective synthesis method of high-quality, highly concentrated semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotubes (s-SWCNTs) by in situ hydrogen etching. Samples containing ~93% s-SWCNTs were obtained in bulk. These s-SWCNTs with good structural integrity showed a high oxidation resistance temperature of ~800 °C. Thin-film transistors based on the s-SWCNTs demonstrated a high carrier mobility of 21.1 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) at an on/off ratio of 1.1 × 10(4) and a high on/off ratio of 4.0 × 10(5) with a carrier mobility of 7.0 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1). A biosensor fabricated using the s-SWCNTs had a very low dopamine detection limit of 10(-18) mol/L at room temperature.
Energy Aware Transmission in Cellular Uplink with Clustered Base Station Cooperation (2011)

We provide an analytical formula to evaluate the performance of the uplink of planar cellular networks when joint processing is enabled among limited number of base stations in a generalised fading environment. Focusing on user transmission power allocation techniques to mitigate inter-cluster interference we investigate the system's spectral-energy efficiency trade-off. The paper addresses the gains in both cell throughput and transmissions energy efficiency due to the combined strategies of base station cooperation and user power management. We assess the effect of the propagation environment and of the key network design parameters of cooperation cluster size and inter-site distance on the overall performance providing numerical results for a real-world scenario.
Charging characteristics of Au nanocrystals embedded in metal-oxide-semiconductor structures (2006)

The charging characteristics of metal-oxide-semiconductor (p-type) structures containing Au nanocrystals in SiO2 gate oxide were studied. The Au nanocrystals of 2–3nm in diameter are self-assembled from the agglomeration of an ultrathin Au layer embedded in SiO2 matrix by annealing at 600°C. A large hysteresis loop is found in the capacitance-voltage (C-V) relation even at a low operating voltage (2V), indicating its significant charge storage effect. Different charging rates for two kinds of trapped carriers (electron and hole) were found from C-V measurement under various scan rates. The relatively stable retention characteristic for holes trapped in the Au nanocrystals at room temperature was also demonstrated.
Impairment of atrial natriuretic factor response to acute saline load in hypertensives with family history of cardiovascular accidents (1991)

Volpe, Massimo; Tritto, Cristina; Mele, Alessandro F.; Lembo, Giuseppe; deCampora, Paolo; Rubattu, Speranza; Trimarco, Bruno; Condorelli, Mario Author Information
Rat gene encoding the 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein GRP78: its regulatory sequences and the effect of protein glycosylation on its expression. (1987)

The 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein GRP78 is a stress-inducible protein ubiquitously expressed in animal cells. In this paper we show that the first exon of this endoplasmic reticulum-localized protein consists of an 18 amino acid leader sequence rich in hydrophobic residues, followed by a highly acidic mature N-terminus and an 11 amino acid domain that is shared by members of the 70-kDa heat shock protein family. The end of this shared domain also marks the beginning of the first intron of this gene. A DNA region upstream of the promoter element important for induction by calcium ionophore and by a temperature-sensitive mutation was identified by deletion analysis. Our results indicate that a region spanning from 85 to 480 nucleotides upstream of the major transcription initiation site is important for both induction conditions. With evidence suggesting that perturbations in protein glycosylation may be one of the common stimuli involved in transcription activation of the GRPs, we measured the rate of glycosylation during A23187, glucose starvation, and temperature-shift induced conditions. The inverse correlation observed between the rate of glycosylation and the steady-state level of the GRP78 transcripts lends support to this hypothesis.
Using broadband detectors for measuring the output of broadband sources such as white light LEDs (2007)

Broadband sources can be measured in different ways. Monochromators are used for measurements within narrow spectral intervals (typically a few nm). Bandpass filters are used for measurements within larger spectral windows, usually tens of nm. Special detectors, calibrated against the appropriate action spectrum may be used to directly measure the effective radiation values, i.e. the source emission weighted using the hazard functions. Each method has some drawbacks. Monochromators are subject to stray light problems and may be difficult to use for absolute measurements. Bandpass filters are difficult to use when the Condition 2 measurement distance is short. Additionally, filter transmission curves need to be considered for re-calculating the measurement results. Broadband hazard sensors attempt to match the weighting spectra by special filters, but the matching is never exact and leads to some amount of error. Straightforward measurements are possible when both the relative spectral intensity of a source and the detector’s spectral responsivity are known. This approach is mentioned in IEC 62471/CIE S009, but no technical details are provided. The presented method allows the use of common laser power meters. A measurement is performed at a preset wavelength and the reading is multiplied by a correction factor based on the source’s relative intensity and the detector’s responsivity. As a result, the absolute spectral intensity is determined. The correction factor calculation is explained. Tests at several wavelength settings were performed to validate the method including assessment of its accuracy. The method can be used to measure radiant power, energy, irradiance, radiant intensity, radiance and other radiometric parameters of broadband sources.
USE AND MISUSE OF BENZODIAZEPINES IN BRAZIL: A REVIEW (2001)

Benzodiazepines are among the most prescribed and consumed medication groups in the world. Although benzodiazepines are used in the treatment of several psychiatric and non-psychiatric disorders, and are generally safe and well-tolerated, the potential for misuse and abuse is considerable. This makes the study and regulation of benzodiazepine prescription and consumption an item of concern in public health around the world. Most developed countries have consistent data of benzodiazepine sales and consumption; however, data from developing countries is scarce, making health policies on the use of benzodiazepines a much tougher issue in these countries. This article aims to review the epidemiology of benzodiazepine use in Brazil, as well as to analyze how legislation, physician misinformation and economic factors might contribute to making benzodiazepine abuse a problem in the country.
Studies on Pyrolysis of Plastic Waste (IV) (1978)

SYNOPSIS: Several kinds of plastics were pyrolyzed with the continuous pyrolyzer equipped with twin screws. The residence time in the pyrolyzer was measured by determination of sulfur in the product oils ; phenothiazine was added in the feed plastics as sulphur source and then the rate of pyrolysis reaction was tried to be cal-culated. But the calculation of reaction rate has been unsuccessful because of the variable state of fused plastics in the screw cylinder. The calculation was made by the following two methods: 1) the difference of the residence time at various feed rate and 2) the residence time at 30 rpm rotation rate of screws.The yield curves of low boiling products has a minimum point within the range of rotation rate 5-12 rpm in the case of pyrolysis of polystyrene at 600°C. The reasons for this phenomenon were discussed.