gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Regiocontrolled Nucleophilic Addition to Selectively Activated p‐Quinone Diimines: Alternative Preparation of a Key Intermediate Employed in the Preparation of the CC‐1065 Left‐Hand Subunit. (1990)

Abstract Base‐catalyzed reaction of the quinone diimines (I) with the nucleophiles (II) yields regioselectively the adducts (III), whereas the Lewis acid‐catalyzed reaction of (Ia) and (Ib) with the allylstannanes (IV) gives the adducts (V) with opposite regioselectivity.
Experimental and theoretical studies of the barrier to rotation about the N-C.alpha. and C.alpha.-C' bonds (.vphi. and .psi.) in amides and peptides (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExperimental and theoretical studies of the barrier to rotation about the N-C.alpha. and C.alpha.-C' bonds (.vphi. and .psi.) in amides and peptidesA. T. Hagler, L. Leiserowitz, and M. TuvalCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 15, 4600–4612Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00431a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00431a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views136Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Introduction of Functionality into Unactivated Carbon-Hydrogen Bonds. Catalytic Generation and Nonconventional Utilization of Organic Radicals (1995)

Alkanes and other unactivated C-H bond substrates can be catalytically transformed by an emerging class of versatile inorganic clusters called polyoxometalates under economically and environmentally attractive conditions. "Catalytic" radical generation and redox trapping of alkyl radicals by polyoxometalates in controlled sequences affords routes for the dehydrogenation, alkylation, vinylation, carbonylation and acylation of alkanes.
Nuclear localization of MBNL1: splicing-mediated autoregulation and repression of repeat-derived aberrant proteins (2014)

In some neurological diseases caused by repeat expansions such as myotonic dystrophy, the RNA-binding protein muscleblind-like 1 (MBNL1) accumulates in intranuclear inclusions containing mutant repeat RNA. The interaction between MBNL1 and mutant RNA in the nucleus is a key event leading to loss of MBNL function, yet the details of this effect have been elusive. Here, we investigated the mechanism and significance of MBNL1 nuclear localization. We found that MBNL1 contains two classes of nuclear localization signal (NLS), a classical bipartite NLS and a novel conformational NLS. Alternative splicing of exon 7 acts as a switch between these NLS types and couples MBNL1 activity and intracellular localization. Depending on its nuclear localization, MBNL1 promoted nuclear accumulation of mutant RNA containing a CUG or CAG repeat, some of which produced proteins containing homopolymeric tracts such as polyglutamine. Furthermore, MBNL1 repressed the expression of these homopolymeric proteins including those presumably produced through repeat-associated non-ATG (RAN) translation. These results suggest that nuclear retention of expanded RNA reflects a novel role of MBNL proteins in repressing aberrant protein expression and may provide pathological and therapeutic implications for a wide range of repeat expansion diseases associated with nuclear RNA retention and/or RAN translation.
CSC‐3436 inhibits TWIST‐induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition via the suppression of Twist/Bmi1/Akt pathway in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (2018)

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide, especially in male. With poor prognosis, significant portions of patients with HNSCC die due to cancer recurrence and tumor metastasis after chemotherapy and targeted therapies. The HNSCC FaDu cell ectopic expression of Twist, a key transcriptional factor of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which triggers EMT and results in the acquisition of a mesenchymal phenotype, was used as the cell model. Our results demonstrated that treatment with newly synthesized 2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-5-methylnaphthyridin-4-one (CSC-3436), a flavonoid derivative, elicited changes in its cell morphology, upregulated E-cadherin messenger RNA and protein expression, downregulated N-cadherin, vimentin, and CD133 (a marker associated with tumor-initiating cells) in FaDu-pCDH-Twist cells. Moreover, CSC-3436 exposure reduced B cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 (Bmi1) expression regulated by Twist and further suppressed the direct co-regulation of E-cadherin by Twist and Bmi1. Interestingly, CSC-3436 reduced EMT, cancer stemness, and migration/invasion abilities through the inhibition of the Twist/Bmi1-Akt/β-catenin pathway. Most importantly, our findings provided new evidence that CSC-3436 played a crucial role in therapeutic targeting to Bmi1 and its molecular pathway in HNSCC, and it will be valuable in prognostic prediction and treatment.
Interaction of nucleotides and cations with the (Ca2+, Mg2+)-ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum as determined by fluorescence changes of bound 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate. (1983)

The changes in fluorescence of 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS-) have been used to determine binding of ligands to the (Ca2+, Mg2+)-ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles, isolated from rabbit skeletal muscle. ANS- binds to sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes with an apparent Kd of 3.8 X 10(-5) M. The binding of ANS- had no effect on Ca2+ transport or Ca2+-dependent ATPase activity. EGTA, by binding endogenous Ca2+, increased the fluorescence intensity of bound ANS- by 10-12%. Subsequent addition of ATP, ADP, or Ca2+, in the presence or absence of Mg2+, reversed this change of fluorescence. The binding parameters, as determined by these decreases in fluorescence intensity, were as follows: for ATP, Kd = 1.0 X 10(-5) M, nH = 0.80; for ADP, Kd = 1.2 X 10(-5) M, nH = 0.89; and for Ca2+, Kd = 3.4 X 10(-7) M, nH = 1.8. The binding parameters for ITP and for the nonhydrolyzable analogue, adenyl-5'-yl-beta, gamma-methylene)diphosphate, were similar to those of ATP, but GDP, IDP, CDP, AMP, and cAMP had lower apparent affinities. Millimolar concentrations of pyrophosphate also decreased the fluorescence of bound ANS-, whereas orthophosphate caused a small (2-3%) increase in fluorescence in Ca2+-free media. Vanadate, in the presence of EGTA, decreased the fluorescence of bound ANS-with half-maximal effect at 4 X 10(-5) M. The changes of fluorescence intensity of bound ANS- appear to reflect conformational changes of the (Ca2+, Mg2+)-ATPase, consequent to ligand binding, with the low and high fluorescence intensity species corresponding to the E1 and E2 conformations, respectively. These appear to reflect similar conformational states of the (Ca2+, Mg2+)-ATPase to those reported by changes in intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence (DuPont, Y. (1976) Biochem, Biophys. Res. Commun. 71, 544-550).
Wall-pressure fluctuations within a seven-rod array. [PWR; BWR] (1981)

Measurements of wall-pressure fluctuation within the turbulent boundary layer on the surfaces of two cylindrical rods in a seven-rod array are presented along with dynamic responses. The fluctuating wall pressure are measured at four axial positions on an instrumented rod, located in the center and on the periphery of the array. The dynamic response is measured at the center point of the instrumented rod on the periphery. Also investigated are variations of the wall-pressure fluctuations and dynamic response with mean axial flow velocity and upstream flow condition, and other system parameters. Experimental data are processed to obtain power spectral density functions of the wall-pressure field, root-mean-square values of the wall pressures, and root-mean-square values of the displacement. Results for the seven-rod array tested show that grid-generated turbulence at the test section entrance decays rapidly in the axial direction and has little influence on the wall pressures in the downstream.
Dietary Risk Assessment of v-ATPase A dsRNAs on Monarch Butterfly Larvae (2017)

By suppressing the expression of genes with essential biological functions, <i>in planta</i> RNAi can negatively affect the development and survival of target pests. As a part of a concerted effort to assess the risks of RNAi transgenic crops on non-target organisms, we developed an <i>in vivo</i> toxicity assay to examine the impacts of ingested dsRNAs incurred to the monarch butterfly, <i>Danaus plexippus</i> (L.), an iconic eco-indicator in North America. To create the worst case scenario, the full-length <i>v-ATPase A</i> cDNAs from the target pest, western corn rootworm, <i>Diabrotica virgifera virgifera</i>, and the non-target <i>D. plexippus</i> were respectively cloned. A 400 bp fragment with the highest sequence similarity between the two species was used as the template to synthesize dsRNAs for the subsequent dietary RNAi toxicity assay. Specifically, newly hatched neonates were provisioned with leaf disks surface-coated with <i>v-ATPase A</i> dsRNAs synthesized from <i>D. v. virgifera</i> and <i>D. plexippus</i>, respectively, a control dsRNA, β<i>-glucoruronidase</i>, from plants, and H<sub>2</sub>O. The endpoint measurements included gene expressions and life history traits. The 2283 bp <i>D. plexippus v-ATPase A</i> cDNA contains a 99 bp 5'-untranslated region, a 330 bp 3'-untranslated region, and an 1851 bp ORF encoding 617 amino acids. The temporal RNAi study did not detect any impact to <i>D. plexippus v-ATPase A</i> expression by the assay days and treatments. This was reflected in the phenotypic impacts of dietary RNAi, in which both survival rate and development time were not affected by the uptake of ingested dsRNAs. These combined results suggest that <i>D. plexippus</i> larvae are not susceptible to dietary RNAi, therefore, the impact of transgenic RNAi plants on this non-target organism is, likely, negligible.
Effective compensation of higher order harmonics of a servo-hydraulic test shaker (2012)

Inspire AG together with Oelhydraulik Hagenbuch AG Ebikon is involved in a project for the performance improvement of a servo hydraulic test shaker. We focus on the quality of the FRF response of the system’s acceleration. Experimental measurements showed the presence of significant harmonic components at frequencies multiple of the exciting frequency. Fig. 1 presents an example for a commanded frequency of 160 Hz and a amplitude of 40 g, Fig 2 shows the corresponding frequency spectrum. A compensation algorithm has been developed and successfully incorporated into the control loop of the shaker. The control strategy uses a Kalman filter to estimate the harmonic content of the system response during operational conditions; simultaneously the control signal is corrected by higher order harmonic terms whose magnitudes and phases are optimized in order to minimize undesired components in the response spectrum.
Inhibition of pp125FAK in cultured fibroblasts results in apoptosis. (1996)

The tyrosine kinase called pp125FAK is believed to play an important role in integrin-mediated signal transduction. pp125FAK is associated both functionally and spatially with integrins, which are the cell surface receptors for extracellular matrix components. Although the precise function of pp125FAK is not known, two possibilities have been proposed: pp125FAK may regulate the assembly of focal adhesions in spreading or migrating cells, or pp125FAK may participate in a signal transduction cascade to inform the nucleus that the cell is anchored. To test these models in living cells, a peptide representing the focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-binding site of the beta 1 tail was coupled to carrier protein and injected into cultured cells to competitively inhibit the binding of pp125FAK to endogenous integrin, thus inhibiting activation of pp125FAK on a cell-by-cell basis. In addition, an antibody directed against an epitope adjacent to the focal adhesion targeting sequence on pp125FAK was microinjected, as an alternative means of inhibiting pp125FAK activation. It was observed that when rounded cells were injected with either the integrin peptide or the anti-FAK antibody, the cells rapidly began to apoptose, within 4 h after injection. These results indicate that pp125FAK may play a critical role in suppressing apoptosis in fibroblasts.
Multigigabit subcarrier multiplexed coherent lightwave system (1992)

A wideband coherent detection optical communications system using two microwave subcarriers to transmit 8 Gb/s with a RF bandwidth efficiency of 1 b/s/Hz is described. It is demonstrated that two subcarriers each carrying 4 Gb/s QPSK, compactly spaced at just twice the data rate, can achieve a receiver sensitivity ( eta P) of -26.5 dBm with as little as 0.5-dB crosstalk between subcarriers. How the various components affect the overall performance of QPSK-SCM systems, including a CNR model for multichannel systems is discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Carbon doped semi-insulating freestanding GaN crystals by ethylene (2022)

Semi-insulating freestanding GaN crystals are excellent candidates for substrates of GaN-based power electronic devices. Carbon doping is believed to be currently the optimal way to achieve semi-insulating GaN crystals grown by halide vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE). Here, we demonstrate that ethylene is an excellent source for C doping, where the doping efficiency is much higher than that of methane. Under the same carbon mole flux, the carbon incorporation rate of ethylene is 40 times in magnitude higher than that of methane. A record highest resistivity is achieved by ethylene doping with a carbon concentration of 1.5 × 1020 cm−3. Our work demonstrates that ethylene is an excellent carbon dopant source for HVPE-grown GaN crystals.
Ultrahigh energy fiber-shaped supercapacitors based on porous hollow conductive polymer composite fiber electrodes (2018)

Porous, hollow, and conductive composite fibers are developed for fiber-shaped supercapacitors with unprecedented cycling durability and an ultrahigh energy density of 1.55 mW h cm<sup>−3</sup>.
Ester plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride (2016)

The review covers information from patents and papers that have been published in the past 5 years and deal with the synthesis of ester plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride. The main trends in the progress of this field are analyzed. Data on new esterification catalysts are presented. Particular attention is paid to plasticizers derived from terephthalic acid, which show promise for replacing toxic dioctyl phthalate. The results of studies on synthesis and properties of nonphthalate plasticizers based on benzene, toluene, naphthalene, cyclohexane, and norbornene are considered. Synthesis methods and prospects for using plasticizers derived from renewable vegetable raw materials, namely, citrates, succinates, triglycerides, fatty acid esters, and sugar derivatives, are discussed.
bcl-xs gene therapy induces apoptosis of human mammary tumors in nude mice. (1996)

Bcl-xs is a dominant negative repressor of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, both of which inhibit apoptosis. We used a replication-deficient adenoviral vector to transiently overexpress Bcl-xs in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, which overexpress Bcl-xL. Infection with this vector induced apoptosis in vitro. We then determined the effects of intratumoral injection of bcl-xs adenovirus on solid MCF-7 tumors in nude mice. Tumors injected four times with the bcl-xs adenovirus showed a 50% reduction in size. Using terminal transferase-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling, we observed apoptotic cells at sites of bcl-xs adenoviral injection. These experiments demonstrate the feasibility of using bcl-xs gene therapy to induce apoptosis in human breast tumors.
Quadrupole Anisotropy in Dihadron Azimuthal Correlations in Centrald+AuCollisions atsNN=200  GeV (2013)

The PHENIX collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) reports measurements of azimuthal dihadron correlations near midrapidity in d+Au collisions at √(s(NN))=200 GeV. These measurements complement recent analyses by experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) involving central p+Pb collisions at √(s(NN))=5.02 TeV, which have indicated strong anisotropic long-range correlations in angular distributions of hadron pairs. The origin of these anisotropies is currently unknown. Various competing explanations include parton saturation and hydrodynamic flow. We observe qualitatively similar, but larger, anisotropies in d+Au collisions at RHIC compared to those seen in p+Pb collisions at the LHC. The larger extracted v2 values in d+Au are consistent with expectations from hydrodynamic calculations owing to the larger expected initial-state eccentricity compared with that from p+Pb collisions. When both are divided by an estimate of the initial-state eccentricity the scaled anisotropies follow a common trend with multiplicity that may extend to heavy ion data at RHIC and the LHC, where the anisotropies are widely thought to arise from hydrodynamic flow.
Dynamic analysis of functionally graded shell with piezoelectric layers based on elasticity (2009)

A study on the elasticity solution of the functionally graded (FG) shell with two piezoelectric layers is presented. In this article, the structure is finitely long, simply supported, and FG with two piezoelectric layers under pressure and electrostatic excitation. The equations of equilibrium, which are coupled partial differential equations, are reduced to ordinary differential equations (o.d.e.) with variable coefficients by means of trigonometric function expansion in the longitudinal direction. The resulting o.d.e. are solved by the Galerkin finite-element method and the Newmark method. Numerical results are presented for a FG cylindrical shell with a piezoelectric layer as an actuator in the external surface and a piezoelectric layer as a sensor in the internal surface.
Pharma FDA seeks data on sales, distribution of antibiotics for cows, pigs, and poultry (2015)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTPharma FDA seeks data on sales, distribution of antibiotics for cows, pigs, and poultryCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2015, 93, 21, 9Publication Date (Print):May 25, 2015Publication History Published online30 March 2016Published inissue 25 May 2015https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09321-notw5Copyright © 2015 Chemical & Engineering NewsArticle Views4Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (78 KB) SUBJECTS:Antimicrobial agents Get e-Alerts
The Relevance of Theory for Contemporary Research in Atmospheres, Oceans, and Climate (2020)

Abstract Dealing with large data sets and complex computational codes demands increasing time and effort by researchers in atmospheres, oceans, and climate. The author argues for a more balanced approach to using models, observations, and theory to advance basic understanding.
On the Potential of Improving WRF Model Forecasts by Assimilation of High-Resolution GPS-Derived Water-Vapor Maps Augmented with METEOSAT-11 Data (2020)

Improving the accuracy of numerical weather predictions remains a challenging task. The absence of sufficiently detailed temporal and spatial real-time in-situ measurements poses a critical gap regarding the proper representation of atmospheric moisture fields, such as water vapor distribution, which are highly imperative for improving weather predictions accuracy. The estimated amount of the total vertically integrated water vapor (IWV), which can be derived from the attenuation of global positioning systems (GPS) signals, can support various atmospheric models at global, regional, and local scales. Currently, several existing atmospheric numerical models can estimate the IWV amount. However, they do not provide accurate results compared with in-situ measurements such as radiosondes. Here, we present a new strategy for assimilating 2D IWV regional maps estimations, derived from combined GPS and METEOSAT satellite imagery data, to improve Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model predictions accuracy in Israel and surrounding areas. As opposed to previous studies, which used point measurements of IWV in the assimilation procedure, in the current study, we assimilate quasi-continuous 2D GPS IWV maps, combined with METEOSAT-11 data. Using the suggested methodology, our results indicate an improvement of more than 30% in the root mean square error (RMSE) of WRF forecasts after assimilation relative standalone WRF, when both are compared to the radiosonde measured data near the Mediterranean coast. Moreover, significant improvements along the Jordan Rift Valley and Dead Sea Valley areas are obtained when compared to 2D IWV regional maps estimations. Improvements in these areas suggest the impact of the assimilated high resolution IWV maps, with initialization times which coincide with the Mediterranean Sea Breeze propagation from the coastline to highland stations, as the distance to the Mediterranean Sea shore, along with other features, dictates its arrival times.
Identification of a Latitude Gradient in the Prevalence of Primary Biliary Cholangitis (2021)

Using 2 different case-ascertainment methods, we have demonstrated that prevalence estimates of PBC vary significantly with latitude in Australia. Further studies are needed to determine whether factors such as variations in ultraviolet radiation exposure and/or vitamin D levels are responsible for this observation and to investigate the latitudinal prevalence of PBC in other populations.
Synthesis of Suvorexant (2011)

Suvorexant (MK-4305) is a selective dual orexin antagonist that has entered phase III clinical trials for the treatment of insomnia. The synthesis of suvorexant depicted incorporates the first example of an intramolecular asymmetric reductive amination of a dialkyl ketone with an ­aliphatic amine (F → G → I) using a variant of ­Noyori’s RuCl(p-cymene)(ArSO2DPEN) transfer hydrogenation catalyst.