gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cell cycle control by Ca2+ in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1990)

We established an experimental system suitable for study of cell cycle regulation by Ca2+ in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Systematic cell cycle analysis using media containing various concentrations of Ca2+, a Ca2(+)-ionophore (A23187), and a Ca2(+)-chelator [ethylenebis(oxyethylenenitrilo)]tetraacetic acid (EGTA) revealed that simultaneous addition of 10 microM A23187 and 10 mM EGTA to cells growing in a Ca2(+)-deficient medium at 22 degrees C caused rapid decrease in intracellular Ca content and resulted in transient G1 arrest followed by block mostly at G2/M, as revealed by flow cytometry. Recovery from G1 arrest was not due to coordinated initiation of DNA synthesis and bud emergence: unbudded cells with S or G2/M DNA were observed. Examination of terminal phenotype suggested that Ca2+ was required at all the stages of the cell cycle except for the initiation of DNA synthesis. The intracellular cAMP level decreased within 10 min of addition of A23187 and EGTA. No significant transient G1 arrest was observed in cells incubated with 8-Br-cAMP, or RAS2val19 and delta bcy1 mutants, which produce a high level of cAMP and have constitutively activated cAMP-dependent protein kinase, respectively. These results indicate that Ca2+ is essential for cell cycle progression and suggest that Ca2+ may regulate the cAMP level. This system will be useful for genetic and molecular studies on cell cycle events regulated by Ca2+.
Mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub x} and Bi{sub 2}Sr{sub 2}CaCu{sub 2}O{sub x} bars (1993)

Strength in four-point bending and fracture toughness of YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub x} (123) and Bi{sub 2}Sr{sub 2}CaCu{sub 2}O{sub x} (2212) were examined at room temperature. The 123 was reinforced with 15 vol.% Y{sub 2}BaCuO{sub 5} (211) fibers and was processed to 90--91% density by cold pressing and sintering. The 2212 was reinforced with 15 vol.% 2212 fibers and was processed to {approx}90% density by sinter forging. The 123/211 composites had a fracture toughness of 1.9 MPa(m){sup 0.5}, which is 20--30% higher than that of corresponding monoliths, but exhibited no improvement in strength. The strength and fracture toughness of the 2212/2212 composites were 102 MPa and 2.7 MPa(m){sup 0.5}, respectively, which were slight improvements over the monoliths. Transport critical current densities at 77 K were only slightly affected by the fiber additions.
Fundamental Rate Limits of Physical Layer Spoofing (2016)

This letter studies an emerging wireless communication intervention problem at the physical layer, where a legitimate spoofer aims to spoof a malicious link from Alice to Bob, by replacing Alice's transmitted source message with its target message at Bob side. From an information-theoretic perspective, we are interested in characterizing the maximum achievable spoofing rate of this new spoofing channel, which is equivalent to the maximum achievable rate of the target message at Bob, under the condition that Bob cannot decode the source message from Alice. We propose a novel combined spoofing approach, where the spoofer sends its own target message, combined with a processed version of the source message to cancel the source message at Bob. For both cases when Bob treats interference as noise or applies successive interference cancelation, we obtain the maximum achievable spoofing rates by optimizing the power allocation between the target and source messages at the spoofer.
PREVALENCE OF SALMONELLA SPP., CAMPYLOBACTER SPP. AND LISTERIA SPP. IN RING-BILLED GULLS (LARUS DELAWARENSIS) (1992)

Cloacal swabs collected from 264 ring-billed gulls (Larus delawarensis) at four sites near Montréal, Canada were cultured for the presence of Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp. and Listeria spp. All birds were apparently healthy when captured or killed. Of all birds examined, 8.7%, 15.9% and 9.5%, respectively, were infected with Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp. and Listeria monocytogenes. Overall, 29.9% of gulls sampled harbored one or more of these bacteria. Gulls probably play only a minor role in the epizootiology of these bacteria.
Tetracyclo[5.1.0.01,6.02,7]octane, a [1.1.1]propellane derivative, and a new route to the parent hydrocarbon (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTetracyclo[5.1.0.01,6.02,7]octane, a [1.1.1]propellane derivative, and a new route to the parent hydrocarbonKlaus Semmler, Guenter Szeimies, and Johannes BelznerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 22, 6410–6411Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00308a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00308a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1919Altmetric-Citations138LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Protective Role of Trehalose in Thermal Denaturation of Yeast Pyrophosphatase (1994)

Trehalose, a disaccharide of glucose, is accumulated in yeast cytosol when this organism is submitted to a stress condition. Recently it was shown that the level of trehalose increase up to 15 times when yeast cells are submitted to heat shock (De Virgilio et al., 1991). In this report we give evidence how trehalose may play an important role on the stress-survival of yeasts when submitted to a heat shock. We show that 1.5 M trehalose increases 13-fold the half-time for thermal inactivation (t0.5) of yeast cytosolic pyrophosphatase at 50 degrees C. This thermal protection conferred by trehalose is dose-dependent, after 10 min at 50 degrees C, a condition which inactivated pyrophosphatase, the presence of 2 M trehalose preserves 95% of total activity. Other carbohydrates were tested but were not so effective as trehalose. The presence of trehalose at high concentrations in the reaction medium at 35 degrees C inhibits pyrophosphatase activity. This inhibition is less effective at 50 degrees C suggesting that under this condition the enzyme is temperature-protected and active.
Management of presbytinnitus (2011)

A s the population is aging, the prevalence of presbycusis is increasing proportionally. The prevalence of tinnitus, which usually accompanies presbycusis, is also growing. Presbytinnitus, defined as tinnitus which accompanies presbycusis, not only influences the individual's well-being and productivity but also causes communication problems, isolation, and social withdrawal. We now need to adopt more aggressive approaches to treating presbytinnitus in the elderly population, rather than giving them discouraging comments on the course of disease progression. Although the exact mechanisms of presbytinnitus have not been revealed and the specified therapeutic methods have not yet been established, an increasing number of studies using masking, retraining therapy, psychological therapy, and some medications have shown promising outcomes for the management of presbytinnitus. Therefore, appropriate treatment with multidisciplinary modalities should be provided for patients with presbytinnitus in order to reduce a growing social burden.
Effects of Daily Walking Exercise on Chronic Hemodialysis Outpatients. (1996)

In this study, forty-one hemodialysis outpatients performed a daily walking exercise. For this exercise, patients were instructed to walk beyond a daily target number of steps for three consecutive weeks. The target number of steps was defined as 120% of the average number of steps per day prior to the exercise. The effects of this exercise were examined by comparing the six-minute walking distance (6MD), and physiological cost index (PCI) before and after performing the exercise. The results were as follows: the target numberof steps during the exercise period was achieved by 19 of 41 patients; 6MD of target achieving patients was significantly increased by this exercise; the difference in PCI before and after this exercise was not statistically significant. This study suggests that the present exercise triggered an increase in the number of steps per day and improved the actual walking performance as measured by 6MD.
On the Avoidance of the Double Paging Anomaly in Virtual Memory Systems (1992)

A computer system that buffers data in a buffer-pool allocated in the virtual memory can experience the double paging anomaly that results in significant performance degradation. Existing techniques for avoiding this anomaly are not adequate when main memory is allocated dynamically or when very large buffer-pools are required. In this paper, we argue that in order to achieve good buffering performance in an environment where the buffer-pool cannot be fully allocated in main memory, the buffer-pool size should be set to be equal to the size of the database. A buffering system using this approach is referred to as a maximal-pool system. We define a new class of maximal-pool systems, referred to as symmetric maximal-pool systems, and show that such systems completely avoid the double paging anomaly. We also discuss how such maximal-pool systems can be implemented using suitably improved memory-mapped file facilities, and characterize the paging performance of buffering systems that use t...
A synthetic approach for enhanced thermoelectric properties of PEDOT:PSS bulk composites (2015)

The thermoelectric properties of PEDOT:PSS/Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 polymer/inorganic bulk composites with different Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 content were investigated. The composites were prepared at various concentrations of Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 by a solution-phase process before grinding to fine powders in liquid N2 for hot pressing into bulk polymer composite materials. The measured transport properties are well described within a theoretical model for effective media involving a tunneling mechanism induced by thermal voltage fluctuations. Our results present a strategy for the preparation of bulk polymer composites and demonstrate an avenue for optimization of the thermoelectric properties of PEDOT:PSS/Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 bulk composites.
Validation of a prognostic model to predict survival after non-small-cell lung cancer surgery (2010)

The model adequately estimates the 1- and 2-year survival. Discrimination was good for 3-year survival. Inclusion of more factors with additional prognostic value could potentially further improve the accuracy of the model.
[Modeling dynamics of gene net, regulating the cell cycle in mammalian cells]. (2003)

The study of the molecular mechanisms determining cellular programs of proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis is currently attracting much attention. Recent studies have demonstrated that the system of cell-cycle control based on the transcriptional regulation of the expression of specific genes is responsible for the transition between programs. These groups of functionally connected genes from so-called gene networks characterized by numerous feedbacks and a complex behavioral dynamics. Computer simulation methods have been applied to studying the dynamics of gene networks regulating the cell cycle of vertebrates. The data on the regulation of the key genes obtained from the CYCLE-TRRD database have been used as a basis to construct gene networks of different degrees of complexity controlling the G1/S transition, one of the most important stages of the cell cycle. The behavior dynamics of the model constructed has been analyzed. Two qualitatively different functional modes of the system has been obtained. It has also been shown that the transition between these modes depends on the duration of the proliferation signal. It has also been demonstrated that the additional feedback from factor E2F to genes c-fos and c-jun, which was predicted earlier based on the computer analysis of promoters, plays an important role in the transition of the cell to the S phase.
Detection of Catalase as a major protein target of the lipid peroxidation product 4-HNE and the lack of its genetic association as a risk factor in SLE (2008)

Our results indicate that catalase is one of the proteins modified due to oxidative stress. However, catalase may not be a susceptibility gene for SLE. Nonetheless, catalase is oxidatively modified among SLE patients. This suggests a possible role between oxidative modification of catalase and its affects on enzymatic activity in SLE. An oxidatively modified catalase could be one of the reasons for lower enzymatic activity among SLE subjects, which in turn could favor the accumulation of deleterious hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, HNE-products are potential neoantigens and could be involved in the pathogenesis of SLE. Decrease in catalase activity could affect the oxidant-antioxidant balance. Chronic disturbance of this balance in patients with SLE may work favorably for the premature onset of atherogenesis with severe vascular effect.
Synthesis of Symmetrical Bisquinolones via Nickel(0)‐Catalyzed Homocoupling of 4‐Chloroquinolones (2007)

Abstract A method for the gram‐scale preparation of functionalized 4,4′‐bisquinolones using a microwave‐assisted Ullmann‐type homocoupling reaction is described. The method is catalytic in nickel(0) which is generated in situ by reduction from an inexpensive nickel(II) source and utilizes readily available 4‐chloroquinolin‐2(1 H )‐ones as starting materials. In contrast to the alternative palladium(0)‐catalyzed one‐pot borylation/Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction, the new method avoids the use of an expensive catalyst and cross‐coupling partner such as bis(pinacolato)diboron.
SO2 deactivation mechanism of NO oxidation and regeneration of the LaCoO3 perovskite (2020)

The deactivation mechanism and methods to cope with the poisoning by SO<sub>2</sub> of a LaCoO<sub>3</sub> perovskite-based NO oxidation catalyst were investigated.
Acoustic resonant imaging technique for visualizing the acoustic properties and thickness of polymer film on substrate (2022)

This paper proposes an acoustic resonant imaging technique for visualizing the acoustic properties and thickness of a polymer film on a substrate. When ultrasound passes through a thin layer, transmission and reflection coefficients of sound pressure attain their extreme values at the resonant frequency. By obtaining the area information of the extreme value and resonant frequency and matching them with a theoretical model, the acoustic properties and thicknesses of a polymer film on a substrate can be visualized. Herein, this technique was applied to a photoresist film coated on a Si wafer, and in addition to visualizing fluctuations in film thickness, the differences in the film hardness that may have occurred during the curing process were successfully detected as the differences in the acoustic impedance of the film. The acoustic resonant imaging technique was successfully used to determine the frequency dependence of both the transmission and reflection coefficients.
p38 plays a crucial role in myoblast fusion by induction of fusion factors (2018)

[Background] Myoblast fusion is an essential step for skeletal muscle development as well as in regeneration after injury. Differentiated myoblasts fuse with each other and form multinucleated myotube. It has been demonstrated that myoblast differentiation requires MAPK activity. However, how MAPK contributes to the fusion process remains unclear. Recently, the fusion factors that are essential for myoblast fusion have been identified by several independent groups. The KO mice lacking the factors demonstrated loss of skeletal muscle in embryo presumably due to the inability of the myoblast fusion. Those factors localized in the plasma membrane and supposed to tether between membranes of fusing cells. However, the expression, as well as its mechanistic role in cell-cell fusion, has been under investigation. It is possible that the expression, the post transcriptional modification, or the membrane localization of the factors are regulated. Understanding of fundamental fusion process would be important for overcoming myopathies such as diabetic amyotrophy, muscle atrophy or sarcopenia. We therefore investigated how fusion factors were regulated in cells.
Non-Neurologic Paraneoplastic Syndromes (2010)

This chapter describes some of the paraneoplastic syndromes that affect organs or tissues other than the nervous system (Table 10–1). These disorders are included for several reasons. (1) Although they do not involve the nervous system directly, they often cause nervous system symptoms. An example is Cushing syndrome, caused by ectopic adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) secretion. This disorder can cause both central nervous system (CNS) symptoms and neuromuscular symptoms (see later discussion). (2) The disorders can be confused with a neurologic paraneoplastic syndrome. Other examples include osteonecrosis of the hip—in our experience, often confused with femoral neuropathy and rheumatologic disorders causing pain that is sometimes confused with paraneoplastic neuropathy. (3) Some of these so-called nonneurologic paraneoplastic syndromes cause considerable pain; we consider that pain to be a neurologic symptom. (4) As with the paraneoplastic neurologic disorders described in the preceding chapters, these disorders should alert the clinician to a possible occult cancer.
SU‐C‐213‐07: Fabrication and Testing of a 3D‐Printed Small Animal Rectal Cooling Device to Evaluate Local Hypothermia as a Radioprotector During Prostate SBRT (2015)

Purpose: The protective effects of induced or even accidental hypothermia on the human body are widespread with several medical uses currently under active research. In vitro experiments using human cell lines have shown hypothermia provides a radioprotective effect that becomes more pronounced at large, single‐fraction doses common to SBRT treatments. Relevant to prostate SBRT, this work details the fabrication and testing of a 3D‐printed cooling device to facilitate the investigation of the radioprotective effect of local hypothermia on the rat rectum. Methods: A 3cm long, two‐channel rectal cooling device was designed in SOLIDWORKS CAD for 3D printing. The water intake nozzle is connected to a 1mm diameter brass pipe from which water flows and circulates back around to the exit nozzle. Both nozzles are connected by plastic tubing to a water chiller pump. Following leak‐proof testing, fiber optic temperature probes were used to evaluate the temperature over time when placed adjacent to the cooling device within a rat rectum. MRI thermometry characterized the relative temperature distribution in concentric ROIs surrounding the probe. CBCT images from a small‐animal irradiator were evaluated for imaging artifacts which could affect Monte Carlo dose calculations during treatment planning. Results: The rectal temperature adjacent to the cooling device decreased from body temperature (37°C) to 15°C in 10–20 minutes from device insertion. Rectal temperature was maintained at 15±3°C during active cooling. MRI thermometry tests revealed a steep temperature gradient with increasing distance from the cooling device, with the desired temperature range maintained within the surrounding few millimeters. Conclusion: A 3D printed rectal cooling device was fabricated for the purpose of inducing local hypothermia in rat rectums. Rectal cooling capabilities were characterized in‐vivo to facilitate an investigation of the radioprotective effect of hypothermia for late rectal toxicity following a single large dose of radiation. Funding support provided by RSNA research seed grant
Electron Tomography of Corneal Collagen Fibrils (2001)

Abstract The ability of cornea to transmit light whilst being mechanically resilient is directly attributable to the formation of an extracellular matrix containing orthogonally arranged sheets of densely packed uniformly-narrow collagen fibrils, in which each sheet contains parallel arrays of fibrils. An understanding of the molecular basis of tissue organisation requires knowledge of the detailed 3-dimensional structure of individual collagen fibrils and how they interact to generate higher order structures. in this study adult bovine corneal collagen fibrils were examined using transmission electron microscopy and automated electron tomography to generate three-dimensional volumes of individual fibrils which had been negatively stained. Tilt series images were collected with an angular increment of 2° over a range of ± 70° using a Philips CM200FEG coupled to a TVIPS automated electron tomography system. A microfibrillar substructure was observed throughout the thickness of the fibril (Figure 1). The microfibrils were ∼4 nm in diameter and were oriented in a right-handed helical twist along the length of fibrils. The microfibrils were observed at an angle of 15° to the long axis of the fibril. As the technique of electron tomography generates a threedimensional volume from the data it was possible, for the first time, to visualise the lateral arrangement of molecules within individual fibrils. There were regions where there was a distinct lateral order and other regions which showed a more fluid-like arrangement. The axial positions of most crystallinity corresponded with the location of the C-telopeptides and N-telopeptides as well as a region close to the d-band in the gap structure of the fibrils. The study also demonstrated that the microfibrils are organised in a quasi-hexagonal packing arrangement
Production of Marek's disease vaccine. (1990)

Marek's disease (MD) is one of the viral infections that attack poultry and are widespread throughout the world. Vaccination is widely used for the protection of chickens against outbreaks of MD, and commercial vaccines have been used since 1970. There are vaccines derived from three avian herpesvirus serotypes which are propagated in CEF or DEF cell cultures. Most of them are used successfully for vaccination against MDV and are effective and safe. In problem areas where the monovalent vaccine gives poor protection, the use of a bivalent or polyvalent vaccine is recommended for the successful prevention of virulent MDV.