gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase-dependent and -independent Intracellular Signal Transduction Pathways Leading to Apoptosis in Human Neutrophils (1998)

Human neutrophils undergo apoptosis spontaneously when cultured in vitro; however, the signal transduction pathways involved remain largely unknown. In some cell types, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) have been implicated in the pathways leading to stress-induced apoptosis. In this study, we begin to define two pathways leading to apoptosis in the neutrophil induced either by stress stimuli (UV, hyperosmolarity, sphingosine) or by anti-Fas antibody or overnight culture in vitro (spontaneous apoptosis). Apoptosis induced by stress stimuli activated p38 MAPK, and apoptosis was inhibited by the specific p38 MAPK inhibitor, 6-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2.3-dihydro-5-(4-puridinyl)imidazo(2, 1-beta)thiazole dihydrochloride. Furthermore, differentiation of HL-60 cells toward the neutrophil phenotype resulted in a loss in c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase activation with concomitant acquisition of formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine-stimulatable and stress-inducible p38 MAPK activity as well as apoptosis blockade by the p38 MAPK inhibitor. In contrast, anti-Fas-induced or spontaneous apoptosis occurred independent of p38 MAPK activation and was not blocked by the inhibitor. Both pathways appear to utilize member(s) of the caspase family, since pretreatment with either Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethyl ketone or Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-fluoromethyl ketone inhibited apoptosis induced by each of the stimuli. We propose the presence of at least two pathways leading to apoptosis in human neutrophils, a stress-activated pathway that is dependent on p38 MAPK activation and an anti-FAS/spontaneous pathway that is p38 MAPK-independent.
[Prediction and modification analysis of low-affinity HLA-A*0201 restricted CTL epitopes derived from HIV-1 pol antigen]. (2009)

Our results suggest that the three predicted peptides, as modification, might be HLA-A*0201 restricted CTL epitopes.
Probability of Opioid Prescription Refilling After Surgery (2017)

The probability of refilling prescription opioids after surgery was not correlated with initial prescription strength, suggesting surgeons could prescribe smaller prescriptions without influencing refill requests. Future research that examines the interplay between pain, substance abuse, and mental health could inform strategies to tailor opioid prescribing for patients.
CSIG-08NITROSOUREAS IMPROVE SURVIVAL IN THE SECONDARY-LIKE AKT SUBTYPE OF GLIOBLASTOMA (2015)

The PI3K/AKT pathway regulates response to chemotherapeutics. We hypothesized this pathway varies between Glioblastoma (GB) patients and this effects response to therapeutics. We classified GB based on Akt pathway genes in a test set of tumors, and 5 Akt pathway subtypes resulted. The subtypes fit previous classifications, but further divided classes, yielding new subtypes with differing clinical and molecular features. We expanded this work into data sets within The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and investigated subtypes response to chemotherapeutics. We find one AKT subtype, called Secondary-Like, has a 4½ year survival advantage with nitrosourea treatment. This remained significant after correcting for age. This subtype has hallmarks of secondary GBM - younger age, longer survival and enrichment in IDH1 mutant and glioma CpG Island Methylator Phenotype (G-CIMP) tumors. We are currently validating these results in a second dataset and analyzing the contribution of the IDH1 and non-IDH1 mutant Secondary-Like tumors.
Decision-making and customer orientation in the private banking service (2016)

The goal of the research is to identify the main decision criteria of private bankers, and how these criteria are related to the level of customer orientation of service employees (COSE).\n\nResearch questions\n1.\tWhat are the criteria in the decision making process conducted by private bankers when advising and managing customers’ private wealth?\n2.\tHow these criteria are related to the level of customer orientation of private bankers?\n\nThe work is divided in two, the first part of the research consisted of a literature review about the concept of COSE. The COSE model (Hennig-Thurau &amp; Thurau, 2003), consists of the following characteristics: technical and social skills, motivation, and decision-making authority.\n\nIn the second part, a field research is presented. It was aimed at understanding those criteria that are applied when taking decisions about the execution of the service, and how the COSE influences that process. Data were collected through 25 personal semi-structured interviews with private bankers, choosen accordingly to research criteria.\n\nThe study concludes that decision making criteria, yet are commonly shared amongst the majority of private bankers, they are notably influenced by the understanding of COSE they may have and the different factors that take part of their level of customer orientation.\n\nThis research should contribute to the body of knowledge in two aspects:\n1.\tShowing the most relevant decision criteria in the private banking service.\n2.\tHighlighting how these criteria are related to the level of COSE of the private banker.\n\nAdditionally, the results also open the possibility of analysing and challenging the conclusions with a subsequent quantitative research by adapting the model to the reality of the private banking service.\n
A New Approach of Takagi–Sugeno Fuzzy Modeling Using an Improved Genetic Algorithm Optimization for Oxygen Content in a Coke Furnace (2016)

The oxygen content modeling of the coke furnace is important for advanced control design but not an easy job because of various disturbances and nonlinearity. A novel approach is proposed by using an improved genetic algorithm (IGA) combined with the dynamic autoregressive with exogenous input (ARX) Takagi–Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model. The IGA algorithm automatically generates the input variable, the appropriate fuzzy if–then rules, and the ARX structure to characterize the dynamic nonlinear feature of the oxygen content by processing the operation data from the industrial coke furnace. And a more comprehensive objective function is constructed considering both the modeling precision and structure simplicity. Hybrid encoding, modified genetic operators, particularly the maintain operator, are designed to obtain the satisfactory optimization performance. The modeling accuracy and system structure of the T-S fuzzy model are compared with a benchmark Box–Jenkins gas furnace and the complex industrial coke furnace. The results show good modeling accuracy and simple structure of the T-S fuzzy model.
Mortality and Vascular Morbidity in Older Adults With Asymptomatic Versus Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease (2009)

Asymptomatic PAD diagnosed through routine screening in the offices of primary care physicians carries a high mortality and/or vascular event risk. Notably, the risk of mortality was similar in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with PAD and was significantly higher than in those without PAD. In the primary care setting, the diagnosis of PAD has important prognostic value.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Alkene Epoxidation with Chromium Oxo Salen Complexes. A Systematic Study of Salen Ligand Substituents. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Design of Everyday Things (2016)

Even the smartest among us can feel inept as we fail to figure out which light switch or oven burner to turn on, or whether to push, pull, or slide a door. The fault, argues this ingenious—even liberating—book, lies not in ourselves, but in product design that ignores the needs of users and the principles of cognitive psychology. The problems range from ambiguous and hidden controls to arbitrary relationships between controls and functions, coupled with a lack of feedback or other assistance and unreasonable demands on memorization. The Design of Everyday Things shows that good, usable design is possible. The rules are simple: make things visible, exploit natural relationships that couple function and control, and make intelligent use of constraints. The goal: guide the user effortlessly to the right action on the right control at the right time. In this entertaining and insightful analysis, cognitive scientist Don Norman hails excellence of design as the most important key to regaining the competitive edge in influencing consumer behavior. Now fully expanded and updated, with a new introduction by the author, The Design of Everyday Things is a powerful primer on how—and why—some products satisfy customers while others only frustrate them.
Neurotoxicity profile of supermethrin, a new pyrethroid insecticide. (1995)

The use of a standard two-tier neurotoxicity screening procedure in the context of risk assessment is exemplified. Testing of a new pyrethroid in rats addressed the following sequence of questions: Does the substance evoke neurotoxic symptoms in sublethal doses? Do these symptoms reflect a primary neurotropic action? What are the dynamic characteristics of injury, the clinical profile of effect, and the relative potency of the tested substance compared to similar compounds? - The testing protocol is an animal analogue of a systematic neurological and psychological examination in man. First tier tests (structured observation, motor activity measurement, simple neurological examination) were applied after the first dose, during repeated dosing phase and in the restitution phase. Facultative tests for the second-tier examination (motor activity pattern, learning/retention test, evoked potentials, dynamic motor performance) were selected on the basis of effects revealed by the first-tier testing. Supermethrin evoked acute neurotoxicity in sublethal doses, ranging from 1/30 to 1/15 of LD50. The clinical pattern was similar to other cyano-substituted pyrethroids. Behavioural inhibition was transient and complete tolerance to it developed after 4-week repeated dosing. No indications of long-lasting changes in neuronal excitability or in learning and memory processes were found. Ataxia and excitomotoric phenomena dominated both the acute and the subchronic picture. Marked and persistent motor disturbances, including symptoms of lower motoneuron injury, were limited to individual animals of the highest, near-lethal dose group (27 mg-kg-1). Compared to lambda-cyhalothrin, the effects of supermethrin were 2 to 3 times weaker, disappeared more rapidly, cumulated less, and had higher tendency to tolerance.
Niobium-based integrated circuit technologies (1989)

Metallurgical and electrical properties of Nb and NbN films for use as Josephson junction electrodes and wiring layers are investigated. The crystallographic and superconducting properties necessary for Nb-based integrated circuit processes are clarified. Tunnel barrier structures of NbN-Nb oxide-NbN (Pb alloy) and Nb-Al oxide-Nb Josephson junctions have been analyzed and correlated with junction characteristics and critical current uniformity. It was found that the surface structure of a base electrode should be smooth to ensure that Josephson junctions have low leakage current and uniform critical current distribution. New types of Josephson junctions with artificial tunnel barriers such as amorphous Si or Mg oxide are reviewed. A variety of Josephson junction structures or processes have been developed for Nb-based Josephson integrated circuits in order to improve circuit performance. These include junction miniaturization, planarization, and stacked junction structures. These structures are mainly intended for Nb-Al oxide-Nb Josephson circuits. The Nb-Al oxide-Nb Josephson junction technology is by far the most advanced and has been used in logic and memory circuits, for example a 4-bit*4-bit parallel multiplier, a Josephson logic gate array, a 16-bit arithmetic logic unit, a 4-bit microprocessor, and 1-kb and 4-kb memory circuits.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Coordinated Control for Active 4WS Vehicle Based on Linear Quadratic Differential Game (2019)

A novel linear quadratic differential game-based active four-wheel steering controller is proposed. Infinite-planning horizon quadratic differential game model for active four-wheel steering is established. The active front wheel steering angle and the active rear wheel steering angle are defined as two agents in the game. The non-cooperative feedback Nash equilibrium solution is obtained by solving coupled algebraic Riccati equations. In the co-simulation environment including Matlab/Simulink and Carsim, simulations under the J-turn maneuver at 10 m/s and 20 m/s are carried out. The results suggest that the proposed controller can reduce the sideslip angle and track the desired yaw rate effectively.
Characteristics of pebble and cobble-sized clasts along the Curiosity rover traverse from sol 100 to 750: Terrain types, potential sources, and transport mechanisms (2016)

We combine the results of orbitally-derived morphologic and thermal inertia data with in situ observations of abundance, size, morphologic characteristics, and distribution of pebble- to cobble-sized clasts along the Curiosity rover traverse. Our goals are to characterize rock sources and transport history, and improve our ability to predict upcoming terrain. There are ten clast types, with nine types interpreted as sedimentary rocks. Only Type 3 clasts had morphologies indicative of significant wear through transport; thus, most clast types are indicative of nearby outcrops or prior presence of laterally extensive sedimentary rock layers, consistent with the erosional landscape. A minor component may reflect impact delivery of more distant material. Types 1 and 4 are heavily-cemented sandstones, likely associated with a “caprock” layer. Types 5 and 6 (and possibly 7) are pebble-rich sandstones, with varying amounts of cement leading to varying susceptibility to erosion/wear. Type 3 clasts are rounded pebbles likely transported and deposited alluvially, then worn out of pebbly sandstone/conglomerate. Types 9 and 10 are poorly-sorted sandstones, with Type 9 representing fragments of Square Top-type layers, and Type 10 deriving from basal or other Mt. Sharp layers. Types 2, 8 and 9 are considered exotics.&#13;\n&#13;\nThere are few clear links between clast type and terrain surface roughness (particularly in identifying terrain that is challenging for the rover to navigate). Orbital data may provide a reasonable prediction of certain end-member terrains but the complex interplay between variables that contribute to surface characteristics makes discriminating between terrain types from orbital data problematic. Prediction would likely be improved through higher-resolution thermal inertia data.
Interaction between Cucurbit[n]uril(n=7,8) and Fasudil Hydrochloride Studied by NMR Spectroscopy (2012)

The host-guest chemistry of systems containing fasudil hydrochloride(FSDE) and cucurbit[n]uril(CB[n],n=7,8) was investigated by NMR,ESI-MS,UV-Vis and IR spectroscopy.The experiment results indicated that the guest fasudil hydrochloride and CB[n](n=7,8) host could form a stable 1∶1(molar ratio) inclusion complex,in which the positions of CB[7] and CB[8] were different because of the sizes of their cavities.The inclusion constant of fasudil hydrochloride with CB[7] and CB[8] was 2 524 L/mol and 1 216 L/mol,respectively.The binding constant was in the range of 200 L/mol~10 000 L/mol,indicating that CB[7] and CB[8] could be used as possible slow-released agents.
Differences in prevalence of overweight and stunting in 11-year olds across Europe: The Pro Children Study (2007)

The highest levels of overweight, obesity and stunting in the pro children material are found in Portugal and Spain.
A grammar sketch of the Kaki Ae language (1995)

Kaki Ae is a non-Austronesian language spoken by approximately 300 people on the south coast of Papua New Guinea. It is at best distantly related to any other language in Papua New Guinea. This paper presents a brief grammar sketch of the language, including discussion of the phonology, sentences, phrases, words, and morpheme categories. Three appendices include a Kaki Ae to English Lexicon, an English to Kaki Ae word finder list, and seven short texts.
Anterior vaginal prolapse: Review of anatomy and techniques of surgical repair (1997)

Dissection during anterior colporrhaphy splits vaginal muscularis, and repair involves plication of the muscularis and adventitia (not vaginal "fascia") in the midline, which may pull the lateral attachments further from the pelvic sidewall. Paravaginal repair restores the lateral attachments to the pelvic sidewall at the white line. Controlled studies that compare directly these two procedures for anterior vaginal prolapse repair are necessary to determine their relative effectiveness.
Local control by radiotherapy: is that all there is? (2008)

Radiotherapy is a local treatment modality employed in breast cancer to reduce local recurrence following surgery. The observed association of optimal local control with improved survival was not expected in a disease characterized by early systemic spread. The underlying mechanisms whereby the application of ionizing radiation to the primary tumor site can have systemic effects remain unclear and are the subject of much debate. In the present article we discuss the hypothesis that radiotherapy has unique biological effects and that, in addition to killing residual neoplastic cells after surgery is performed, it might favorably alter the microenvironment at the primary tumor site during the process of wound healing and the development of antitumor immune responses.
Increased Visual Use in Chronic Ankle Instability (2016)

On the basis of our systematic review with meta-analysis, it appears that CAI patients do not use somatosensory information to the same extent as uninjured controls and instead upregulate the use of visual information during single limb stance.
Supplementary Data 3 from Genomic Analysis of a Spontaneous Model of Breast Cancer Metastasis to Bone Reveals a Role for the Extracellular Matrix<sup>1</sup> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Genes altered between highly and weakly metastatic tumors&lt;/p&gt;
Discontinuous wavelength super-refraction in photonic crystal superprism (2006)

Experimental results on wavelength-dependent angular dispersion in InGaAsP triangular lattice planar photonic crystals are presented. An abrupt variation of the angular dispersion is observed for TM-polarized waves whose frequencies are comprised between those of the fourth and sixth allowed bands. According to the crystal period, the measured angle of refraction is found to either decrease or increase by 30 degrees within a wavelength range smaller than 30 nm. Experimental results are reproduced well from 2D finite difference time domain calculations. The observed phenomena are interpreted from the coupling of the incident light to different modes of the photonic crystal that travel with different group velocities and propagate in different directions within the crystal. Mode dispersion curves and mode patterns are calculated along with isofrequency curves to support this explanation. The observed discontinuous wavelength super-refraction opens a new approach to the application of superprisms.
χ(4) Raman Spectroscopy for Buried Water Interfaces (2007)

π-Wasserstoffbrücken treten im Unterschied zu σ-Wasserstoffbrücken nicht in flüssigen Volumenphasen auf, wurden aber für den Farbstoff Rhodamin 800 an Luft-Wasser- und Quarzglas-Wasser-Grenzflächen beobachtet (siehe Bild). Die Methode der Wahl – die grenzflächenselektive nichtlineare χ(4)-Raman-Spektroskopie in der Frequenzdomäne – liefert Schwingungsspektren von gelösten Stoffen an Grenzflächen über den gesamten Fingerprint-Bereich (200–2800 cm−1).
Systemic Activity of Ivermectin on the Human Body Louse (Anoplura: Pediculidae) (1990)

Eighty-one to 100% of nymphs and females of the human body louse (Pediculus humanus humanus) that fed artificially on blood containing 2.5-10 ng ivermectin/ml died. The mortality of nymphs and female lice fed on rabbits treated with 200 micrograms/kg ivermectin was very high during the first two to three days, then declined sharply, reaching the level of the controls on day six. Nymphs were more sensitive than females. The average number of eggs laid by surviving females and the percentage that hatched from those eggs were lower than in controls.
Cavity-ring-down principle for fiber-optic resonators: experimental realization of bending loss and evanescent-field sensing (2002)

A novel measurement principle for fiber-optic sensing is presented. Use of a cavity-ring-down scheme enables measurements of minute optical losses in high-finesse fiber-optic cavities. The loss may be induced by evanescent-field absorption, fiber bending, fiber degradation, Bragg gratings, or any other effect that might change the fiber transmission or cavity reflector properties. The principle is proved to be rather insensitive to ambient perturbations such as temperature changes. A high-sensitivity measurement of loss due to bending is presented as a proof-of-principle. With a cavity finesse of 627 a sensitivity for induced loss of 108 ppm (4.68 x 10(-4) dB) is achieved. Preliminary measurements of evanescent-field absorption are also discussed.
Visible cathodoluminescence of GaN doped with Dy, Er, and Tm (1999)

We reported the observation of visible cathodoluminescence of rare-earth Dy, Er, and Tm implanted in GaN. The implanted samples were given isochronal thermal annealing treatments at a temperature of 1100 °C in N2 or NH3, at atmospheric pressure to recover implantation damages and activated the rare-earth ions. The sharp characteristic emission lines corresponding to Dy3+, Er3+, and Tm3+ intra-4fn-shell transitions are resolved in the spectral range from 380 to 1000 nm, and observed over the temperature range of 8.5–411 K. The cathodoluminescence emission is only weakly temperature dependent. The results indicate that rare-earth-doped GaN epilayers are suitable as a material for visible optoelectronic devices.
Applying automatic speech recognition technology to Air Traffic Management (2013)

Controller-pilot voice communications are a critical component of the Air Traffic Control (ATC) system, but outside of the human listening and responding that occurs with each transmission, they are an underutilized source of information for automation systems in the ATC domain. Automatic speech recognition is a continuously improving technology that can be used to tap into this information source for potential system benefits in a variety of ATC applications, such as monitoring live operations for safety benefit, conducting analysis on large quantities of recorded controller-pilot speech, or enabling automated simulation pilots to facilitate training and Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) simulation experiments. This paper describes how automatic speech recognition can be used in the ATC domain, the characteristics of the automatic speech recognition process and the ATC domain that make the problem unique, and the engineering process for effectively applying automatic speech recognition to ATC systems.