gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Amyloid-specific extraction using organic solvents (2020)

Typing of amyloidosis by mass spectrometry (MS) based proteomic analysis contribute to the diagnosis of amyloidosis. For MS analysis, laser microdissection (LMD) is used for amyloid specific sampling. This study aimed to establish a method for selectively extracting amyloids from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens by organic solvent instead of LMD. The extracts using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), methanol, trifluoroethanol (TFE) or hexafluoro-2-propanol from FFPE brain of alzheimer's disease mouse model generated protein bands on SDS-PAGE, and Aβ was identified in the extract of DMF using mass spectrometry. The extract using DMSO from the kidney of a AA amyloidosis patient produced a protein band in SDS-PAGE. This protein band was identified to be serum amyloid A (SAA) by Western blotting and mass spectrometry. Circular dichroism spectrometry revealed that the secondary structures of Aβ and transthyretin were converted to α-helices from β-sheets in TFE. Our results suggest that organic solvents can extract amyloids from FFPE specimens by converting their secondary structure. This method could eliminate the LMD step and simplified amyloid typing by MS analysis. •DMSO, DMF, methanol, TFE and HFIP can extract Aβ specifically from the FFPE brain of a Alzheimer' disease mouse model.•DMSO can extract SAA specifically from a FFPE section of AA amyloidosis.•Secondary structures of Aβ and transthyretin converted from β-sheet to α-helix in TFE.
P2‐225: Can the performance of the FSL/Siena whole brain atrophy measure be improved at 3T and 1.5T on ADNI back‐to‐back MPRAGES by using a non‐default settings? (2012)

To test a previous report of improved performance of the FSL/Siena whole brain atrophy algorithm by using non default settings at both 3T and 1.5T. As part of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) study, high quality MPRAGE (a T1 weighted 3D MRI sequence) from 200 subjects visit pairs is available to compare the reproducibility of brain atrophies over 12 to 18 month intervals at both 3T and 1.5T. This is because in ADNI all subjects received back-to-back (BTB) MPRAGEs with the second MRPAGE acquisition starting within seconds of the completion of the first. Also as part of ADNI, 131 subjects received BTB scans at multiple time points and two field strengths of 3T and 1.5T. For this study FSL/Siena was applied to the 200 subject visit pairs for 88 different combinations of options and the two field strengths requiring a total of 9 core years of calculations. For each combination of options and field strengths Siena's BTB reproducibility was quantified as the median of the absolute value of the difference between the BTB percentage brain volume change (PBVC) yielded by Siena. For Siena option combinations -B (bias field correction and neck cleanup turned on) and f = 0.1 to 0.3 (which selects the fractional intensity threshold) provided the smallest reproducibility of 0.26 to 0.27 for 1.5T. However, bootstrapping provided a 95% confidence interval on the reproducibility up to 0.29. Options that often yielded poor reproducibilities included the -S option (eye and optic nerve cleanup turned on) and f > = 0.5. The range of the 3T results made an optimal option combination less clear. For the 69 subjects with two visit pairs each, no significant correlation was found between the BTB differences of the 0 to 12 month and 6 to 18 month visit pairs bearing out their treatment in this analysis as independent measures. For the ADNI MPRAGEs at 1.5T the -B option with f = 0.3 will likely yield the best BTB PBVC reproducibility for Siena - supporting the previous report and differing from the Siena default value of f = 0.5. For 3T the optimum choice is less clear.
A Machine Learning Model Including Questionnaire and Structural Imaging Data Predicts Headache Improvement in Patients with Acute Post-traumatic Headache Attributed to Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (P8-12.002) (2023)

To assess the accuracy of a model including clinical questionnaire and brain structural measures for predicting headache improvement in patients with acute post-traumatic headache (aPTH) attributed to mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
An Expedient Variant of Heck Reaction of Alkenyl Nonaflates: Homogeneous Ligand‐Free Palladium Catalysis at Room Temperature. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Mitigation of broadband coherent interference using subbanding (2002)

Two adaptive array architectures for rejection of broadband coherent interference are developed. Both techniques involve uniform subbanding using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) or non-uniform subbanding using the wavelet transform (WT). In the first approach, adaptation and weight computation is performed independently in each subband, and in the second technique the Frost (1972) constrained LMS algorithm is applied to all subbands in the transform domain. Due to the correlated nature of the jamming signal, spatial averaging is utilized in both cases. The mitigation performance of both algorithms is compared for various scenarios of coherent broadband interference.
Descriptive name services for large internets (1993)

This thesis addresses the challenge of locating people, resources, and other objects in the global Internet. As the Internet grows beyond a million hosts in tens of thousands of organizations, it is increasingly difficult to locate any particular object. Hierarchical name services are frustrating, because users must guess the unique names for objects or navigate the name space to find information. Descriptive (i.e. relational) name services offer the promise of simple resource location through a non-procedural query language. Users locate resources by describing resource attributes. This thesis makes the promise of descriptive name services real by providing fast query processing in large internets. The key to speed in descriptive query processing is constraining the search space using two new techniques, called an active catalog and meta-data caching. The active catalog constrains the search space for a query by returning a list of data repositories where the answer to the query is li...
Photoinduced electron injection in black dye sensitized nanocrystalline TiO2 films (2007)

Photoinduced electron injection in nanocrystalline TiO2 films sensitized with black dye [trithiocyanato(4,4′,4″-tricarboxy-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine)ruthenium(II), Ru(tcterpy)(NCS)3] was studied by means of transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy. We examined the effect of the additive 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBP) in acetonitrile, which is known to markedly improve the performance of solar cell devices. The efficiency of electron injection for the film immersed in acetonitrile was 50% higher than that for the film dried in air. Femtosecond TA measurements indicated that this efficiency enhancement was due to the opening of an additional injection pathway from a lower-lying energy level. Upon the addition of 1 M TBP, which is known to raise the level of the conduction band of TiO2, the enhancement induced by acetonitrile disappeared. We discuss the mechanism of electron injection by comparing our results with results previously reported for the N3/TiO2 system.
Polymeric Self-Assembled Monolayers. 3. Pattern Transfer by Use of Photolithography, Electrochemical Methods, and an Ultrathin, Self-Assembled Diacetylenic Resist (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymeric Self-Assembled Monolayers. 3. Pattern Transfer by Use of Photolithography, Electrochemical Methods, and an Ultrathin, Self-Assembled Diacetylenic ResistKwok C. Chan, Taisun Kim, Jonathan K. Schoer, and Richard M. CrooksCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 21, 5875–5876Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00126a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00126a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views358Altmetric-Citations81LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Performance measurement and lumped parameter modelling of single server flowlines subject to blocking : an effective process time approach (2006)

The present paper extends the so-called Effective Process Time (EPT) approach to single server flowlines with finite buffers and blocking. The power of the EPT approach is that it quantifies variability in workstation process times without the need to identify each of the contributing disturbances, and that it directly provides an algorithm for the actual computation of EPTs. It is shown that EPT realizations can be simply obtained from arrival and departure times of lots, by using sample path equations. The measured EPTs can be used for bottleneck analysis and for lumped parameter modeling. Simulation experiments show that for lumped parameter modeling of flowlines with finite buffers, in addition to the mean and variance, offset is also a relevant parameter of the process time distribution. A case from the automotive industry illustrates the approach.
Characterisation of two distinctly different processes associated with the electrocrystallization of microcrystals of phase I CuTCNQ (TCNQ = 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane) (2006)

Semi-conducting phase I CuTCNQ (TCNQ = 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane), which is of considerable interest as a switching device for memory storage materials, can be electrocrystallized from CH3CN via two distinctly different pathways when TCNQ is reduced to TCNQ˙− in the presence of [Cu(MeCN)4]+. The first pathway, identified in earlier studies, occurs at potentials where TCNQ is reduced to TCNQ˙− and involves a nucleation–growth mechanism at preferred sites on the electrode to produce arrays of well separated large branched needle-shaped phase I CuTCNQ crystals. The second pathway, now identified at more negative potentials, generates much smaller needle-shaped phase I CuTCNQ crystals. These electrocrystallize on parts of the surface not occupied in the initial process and give rise to film-like characteristics. This process is attributed to the reduction of Cu+[(TCNQ˙−)(TCNQ)] or a stabilised film of TCNQ via a solid–solid conversion process, which also involves ingress of Cu+via a nucleation–growth mechanism. The CuTCNQ surface area coverage is extensive since it occurs at all areas of the electrode and not just at defect sites that dominate the crystal formation sites for the first pathway. Infrared spectra, X-ray diffraction, surface plasmon resonance, quartz crystal microbalance, scanning electron microscopy and optical image data all confirm that two distinctly different pathways are available to produce the kinetically-favoured and more highly conducting phase I CuTCNQ solid, rather than the phase II material.
Toll-like Receptor 4 Expression, Interleukin-6, -8 and Ccl-20 Release, and NF-KB Translocation in Human Periodontal Ligament Mesenchymal Stem Cells Stimulated with LPS-P. Gingivalis (2012)

Periodontal diseases, the major public health problem of the oral cavity, are clinically characterized by inflammation of the periodontal connective tissue that ultimately induces the destruction of periodontal tissue and the loss of alveolar bone. In chronic periodontitis, as well as aggressive periodontitis, the anaerobic gram-negative bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is implicated. The pathogenicity of P. gingivalis is exerted by a wide variety of factors, including lipopolysaccharides (LPSs). LPSs activate the innate immune response during Gram-negative bacterial infections through the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4)/myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD-2) complex. In this study, the expression of TLR-4, the cell growth, the cytokine release, and the nuclear factor-KB (NF-kB) transcription factor expression in response to LPS- P.Gingivalis (LPS-G) were examined in Human Periodontal Ligament Mesenchymal Stem Cells (PDL-MSCs). The results obtained demonstrate that, in basal conditions, human PDL-MSCs express high levels of TLR-4. In inflammatory conditions mimicked by LPS-G challenge, the MTT assay carried out at different treatment times demonstrated the decrease of the cell growth. Moreover, the recognition of P. gingivalis components by TLR-4 culminated with the activation of secretion of inflammatory mediators such as: IL-6, IL-8 and CCL-20, and with the up-regulation of NF-kB, which was translocated into the nucleus. Our data intended to specify that TLR-4 expressed by PDL-MSCs is functional and plays a key role in inflammation.
[Research Progress on Vector Flow Imaging of Cardiac Ultrasound]. (2022)

Echocardiogram is vital for the diagnosis of cardiac disease. The heart has complex hemodynamics requiring an advanced ultrasound imaging mode. Cardiac ultrasound vector flow imaging is capable of measuring the actual magnitude and direction of the blood flow velocity, obtaining the quantitative parameters of hemodynamics, and then providing more information for clinical research and diagnosis. This study mainly reviewed several different vector flow imaging techniques for cardiac flow and presented the implementation difficulties, and proposed a diverging wave based high frame rate cardiac ultrasound vector flow imaging. The study discussed the limitation of current ultrasound technology used in the cardiac flow measurement, analyzed and demonstrated the specific reasons for these implementation difficulties and the potential future development.
Research progress on the relationship between autism and intestinal microbiota (2019)

There are trillions of microbes in human gut, which are related to health and diseases closely.In recent years, with the popularization of the concept of microbiome-gut-brain axis, the influence of intestinal microbiota on central nervous system diseases has drawn increasing attention.Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD), and some studies have also indicated that correcting the dysbiosis of gut microbiome can not only improve the gastrointestinal problems, but also alleviate the symptoms of autism to some extent.Therefore, the relationship between intestinal microbes and ASD has attracted researchers′ attention.This review focuses on several kinds of gut microbesmicrotes that have been extensively studied to reveal the relationship between the microbesmicrotes and autism spectrum disorders and their potential pathogenic or protective mechanisms.


Key words: 
Autism spectrum disorder; Intestinal microbiota; Microbiome-gut-brain axis
EC<sub>50</sub> values for PRM-S of PRM-A100 parasites overexpressing TbSTT3A or TbSTT3B, and wild type parasites subjected to RNAi mediated depletion of TbSTT3A, TbSTT3B and TbSTT3C. (2016)

&lt;p&gt;EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values for PRM-S of PRM-A100 parasites overexpressing TbSTT3A or TbSTT3B, and wild type parasites subjected to RNAi mediated depletion of TbSTT3A, TbSTT3B and TbSTT3C.&lt;/p&gt;
Anticancer drugs and the regulation of Hedgehog genes GLI1 and PTCH1, a comparative study in nonmelanoma skin cancer cell lines (2017)

Nonmelanoma skin cancer is the most common cancer in humans, comprising mainly basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). BCC proliferation is highly dependent on the Hedgehog signaling pathway. We aimed to investigate a panel of anticancer drugs with known activity against skin cancer for their therapeutic potential in localized, enhanced topical treatment of SCC and BCC. Cytotoxicity profiles for vismodegib, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), methotrexate (MTX), cisplatin, bleomycin, and vorinostat were established in terms of half maximal inhibitory concentration values in a panel of immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT), BCC (UWBCC1 and BCC77015), and SCC (A431 and SCC25) cell lines. The impact of treatment on the regulation of Hedgehog pathway target genes (GLI1 and PTCH1), measured by real-time PCR, was compared between UWBCC1 and HaCaT. Varying cell line sensitivity profiles to the examined anticancer drugs were observed. Generally, 24-h drug exposure was sufficient to reduce cell viability. We found that 5-FU, MTX, and cisplatin significantly downregulated the expression of two genes controlled by the Hedgehog pathway (≤25-, 2.9-, and 12.5-fold, respectively, for GLI1 in UWBCC1 cells at 48 h, P<0.0001). The gene regulation showed clear concentration dependence and correlated with cytotoxicity for both 5-FU and MTX. We find a potential for the use of anticancer drugs in localized and enhanced topical treatment of nonmelanoma skin cancer. Of importance in the clinical setting, 24-h drug exposure may be sufficient for significant cytotoxicity for vismodegib, 5-FU, cisplatin, and bleomycin. MTX, 5-FU, and cisplatin may offer particular promise through combined cytotoxicity and downregulation of Hedgehog pathway genes GLI1 and PTCH1.
Supplementary Figure 1 from TW-37, a Small-Molecule Inhibitor of Bcl-2, Inhibits Cell Growth and Induces Apoptosis in Pancreatic Cancer: Involvement of Notch-1 Signaling Pathway (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from TW-37, a Small-Molecule Inhibitor of Bcl-2, Inhibits Cell Growth and Induces Apoptosis in Pancreatic Cancer: Involvement of Notch-1 Signaling Pathway
3D6B Editor: Projective 3D Sketching with Line-Based Rendering (2005)

In this work, a system for 3D sketching is presented. Instead of trying to process 3D data as geometric models constructed of surfaces or solids, the data is stored as 3D lines, preserving their form exactly as entered by the user. The 3D input of the system works by projecting 2D input from a single viewpoint to a grid surface that can be manipulated in real time. This enables creation of sketches with complex non-planar 3D strokes while still retaining the essence of pen and paper based sketching.
Secure architecture for embedded systems (2015)

Devices connected to the internet are increasingly the targets of deliberate and sophisticated attacks [1]. Embedded system engineers tend to focus on well-defined functional capabilities rather than “obscure” security and resilience. However, “after-the-fact” system hardening could be prohibitively expensive or even impossible. The co-design of security and resilience with functionality has to overcome a major challenge; rarely can the security and resilience requirements be accurately identified when the design begins. This paper describes an embedded system architecture that decouples secure and functional design aspects.
Development of a New Model of Humeral Hemiarthroplasty in Rats (2023)

This study demonstrated significant glenoid cartilage wearing in the operated shoulder. Furthermore, the presence of an intra-articular hemiarthroplasty implant diminished underlying glenoid bone quality. This novel, <i>in vivo</i>-model will enable researchers to test implant materials and their effects on cartilage and bone tissue in a cost-effective reproducible rat model.
In Vitro Release of Endogenous β‐ Alanine, GABA, and Glutamate, and Electrophysiological Effect of β‐Alanine in Pigeon Optic Tectum (1982)

The efflux of 20 amino acids, induced by either high K+ concentration or veratrine, was determined in pigeon tectal slices. Ca2+-dependent, K+-induced release of beta-alanine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and glutamate was observed. Veratrine caused release of the same amino acids plus glycine in a tetrodotoxin-sensitive manner. beta-Alanine had a strong inhibitory effect on the activity of tectal neurons which was blocked by strychnine but not by bicuculline. The results indicated a transmitter function for beta-alanine in the optic tectum, and were consistent with the previously proposed transmitter role of GABA and glutamate in this structure.
Biodegradation of a mixture of mononotrophenols in a packed-bedaerobic reactor (2013)

Aerobic biodegradation of individual mononitrophenols (4-, 3-
and 2-NPs) and their mixture in simulatedwastewaterwas
investigated in a packed-bed bench scale bioreactor
continuously operated in a flow mode, with a mixed microbial
culture adsorbed on expanded slate. After ten months of
operation, the biofilm composition was significantly altered to
become predominantly bacterial. Only one originally inoculated
strain remained indicating microbial contamination followed by
a genetic material exchange.
Improvement in light extraction efficiency of high brightness InGaN-based light emitting diodes (2009)

Light extraction efficiency is important to the brightness of LEDs. In this study, various texturing and roughing schemes were formed on the surface or interface of InGaN-based LED structure grown on sapphire substrate to investigate their effects. Throughout the research, temperature-dependent PL measurement was used to calculate the internal quantum efficiency so as to derive the light extraction efficiency. The light extraction efficiency is around 60 to 65% while the epitaxy and substrate are flat. On the other hand, the light extraction efficiency reaches an optimal value of around 85% while the p-GaN surface is textured and the substrate is patterned. However, for LED having only one-side surface texturing structure optimized on either p- or n-side, the light extraction efficiency can be already as high as 75 to 80%. Methods for further enhancement, such as use of ZnO nanorod on chip surface, were also discussed.
Verapamil Protects against Cartilage Degradation in Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling (2014)

In past years, the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has emerged as a critical regulator of cartilage development and homeostasis. FRZB, a soluble antagonist of Wnt signaling, has been studied in osteoarthritis (OA) animal models and OA patients as a modulator of Wnt signaling. We screened for FDA-approved drugs that induce FRZB expression and suppress Wnt/β-catenin signaling. We found that verapamil, a widely prescribed L-type calcium channel blocker, elevated FRZB expression and suppressed Wnt/β-catenin signaling in human OA chondrocytes. Expression and nuclear translocation of β-catenin was attenuated by verapamil in OA chondrocytes. Lack of the verapamil effects in LiCl-treated and FRZB-downregulated OA chondrocytes also suggested that verpamil suppressed Wnt signaling by inducing FRZB. Verapamil enhanced gene expressions of chondrogenic markers of ACAN encoding aggrecan, COL2A1 encoding collagen type II α1, and SOX9, and suppressed Wnt-responsive AXIN2 and MMP3 in human OA chondrocytes. Verapamil ameliorated Wnt3A-induced proteoglycan loss in chondrogenically differentiated ATDC5 cells. Verapamil inhibited hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes in the explant culture of mouse tibiae. Intraarticular injection of verapamil inhibited OA progression as well as nuclear localizations of β-catenin in a rat OA model. We propose that verapamil holds promise as a potent therapeutic agent for OA by upregulating FRZB and subsequently downregulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling.