gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of 2,2‐dimethylchromene derivatives on wing determination and metamorphosis in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (1995)

Abstract The relationship between the structure of nineteen 2,2‐dimethylchromene derivatives and their effects on aphid morphogenesis were investigated in a pink clone of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris). Three bioassay systems were used: (1) wing induction—the induction of winged (alate) progeny by winged adults that normally produce only wingless (apterous) daughters, (2) wing inhibition—the inhibition of production of winged progeny by wingless adults that had been crowd‐induced to promote the appearance of winged progeny, (3) the effect on metamorphosis—the production of precocious adults indicating a decrease in juvenile hormone titre or the induction of supernumerary moults indicating a juvenile hormone agonist effect. Compounds demonstrating wing‐promoting effects had short (≤2 carbon) side chains at the C6 and/or C7 positions while methylation of C5 tended to decrease this activity. Of the seven compounds inducing wing formation, three also inhibited the production of winged progeny. However, the compounds affecting metamorphosis, in particular promoting precocious adult development, were similar to those that promoted wing inhibition rather than those with wing inducing effects; they had alkoxy groups at C7 with lengths of ≥2 carbons. There is a stronger correlation between compounds interfering with metamorphosis (and therefore evidenced to be affecting juvenile hormone levels, a classic property of some 2,2‐dimethylchromene derivatives) and the promotion of wingless forms than the induction of winged forms. This finding is in contradiction to the idea that juvenile hormones are involved in promoting wingless forms. In addition, attempts to reduce the wing‐inducing properties of Precocene II (the most potent compound effecting wing induction) by subsequent treatment with juvenile hormone Ill or the juvenile hormone analogue, pyriproxyfen, were inconclusive and attempts to inhibit w ng formation with these two compounds atter crowding were also unsuccessful. The precise mode of action of the 2,2‐dimethylchromenes in relation to aphid wing induction remains unclear but it seems likely that the effect is not related to changes in juvenile hormone titres. © 1095 WiIey‐Liss, Inc.
Supercritical Fluid Chromatography of Polymers (2000)

Abstract The mobile phase in supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) is a substance raised above its critical temperature and pressure which exhibits greater solvating properties together with reduced viscosities and higher diffusivities than its liquid state. The eluting power of supercritical mobile phase can be varied widely by controlling pressure, temperature and composition. Thus, SFC offers many advantages over high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the characterization of polymers and oligomers. SFC of polymeric substances has been operated so far in the three modes of chromatography: adsorption chromatography for the separation of oligomer homologs, size‐exclusion chromatography (SEC) for the determination of molecular weight distribution, and adsorption chromatography at critical conditions for the characterization of functionality type distribution. The combination of SFC with supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is useful for the analysis of polymer additives, such as stabilizers and plasticizers, in an industrial polymer material. SFC is compatible with most conventional HPLC and gas chromatography (GC) detectors, and can also be interfaced with infrared (IR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS), etc.
Robust decentralized control design for damping power system oscillations (2002)

This paper presents some preliminary results in the application of a robust control technique for the design of decentralized power system damping controllers. Two design approaches are performed: the first approach is a decoupled design; and the second approach is a sequential design. The procedures are used to tune an SVC and a thyristor-controlled series compensator to enhance the damping of two inter-area, modes in a 3-area, 6-machine power system. The design results are first obtained when the input signals for the damping controllers are derived from the machine speeds. In a second design, the input signals are synthesized from the local voltage and current measurements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Heteropoly acids encapsulated into Cu3(BTC)2 metal organic frameworks (2009)

status: Published
Phylogenetic Analysis of the SpeciesTheilovirus: Emerging Murine and Human Pathogens (2008)

The Cardiovirus genus of the family Picornaviridae includes two distinct species, Encephalomyocarditis virus and Theilovirus. We now report the complete nucleotide sequences of three Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) strains (TO Yale, TOB15, and Vie 415HTR) and of Vilyuisk human encephalomyelitis virus (VHEV). This information, together with the recently reported sequences of divergent theiloviruses (Theiler's-like rat virus [TRV] and Saffold viruses 1 and 2 [SAFV-1 and SAFV-2]), enables an updated phylogenetic analysis as well as a reexamination of several gene products important in the pathogenesis of this emerging group of viruses. In the light of the known neurotropism of TMEV and the new human SAFV-1 and SAFV-2, the resulting data suggest the existence of theiloviruses that cause human central nervous system infections. Our phylogenetic analyses point to the classification of presently known theiloviruses into five types: TMEV, VHEV, TRV, SAFV-1, and SAFV-2.
Growth and Feeding of Echinostoma revolutum on the Chick Chorioallantois and in the Domestic Chick (1986)

Chemically excysted metacercariae of Echinostoma revolutum cultivated on the chick chorioallantois grew slowly until day 5, more rapidly between 5 and 7 days, and slowly between 7 and 10 days. Worms did not become ovigerous in this site by 12 days, at which time studies were terminated. In contrast, chemically excysted metacercariae reared in the domestic chick were ovigerous by day 9, at which time their mean body area was about 4 times greater than the largest chorioallantoic worms. Histochemical studies, solubility tests for hematin, and X-ray microanalysis of cecal contents showed that chorioallantoic-worms fed on blood from the vascular membrane, whereas chick-worms fed on host intestinal mucosa.
Partially coherent quantum degenerate electron matter waves (2018)

The use of electron beams is ubiquitous; electron microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, electron lithography, and electron diffractometry all use well-collimated and focused beams. On the other hand, quantum degenerate electron beams do currently not exist. The realization of such beams may impact all electron beam technologies and are interesting to pursue. Past attempts to reach degeneracy were hampered by the low degeneracy of continuously emitting electron sources. With the recent advent of ultra-short electron pulses, high degeneracy is expected. Coulomb repulsion and low quantum coherence are hurdles that need to be overcome. A quantum analysis of the electron degeneracy for partially coherent pulsed electron sources is presented. Two-particle coincidence spectra are obtained for source parameters that are currently available. The conclusive demonstration of the fermionic Hanbury-Brown Twiss (HBT) effect for free electrons is shown to be within reach, and our results support the claim that femto-second nanotip electron sources, both polarized and unpolarized, can manifest partial to complete quantum degeneracy with appreciable signal-to-noise-ratios for free electron pulses notwithstanding their small particle numbers.
A targeted multi-omics approach reveals paraoxonase-1 as a determinant of obesity-associated fatty liver disease (2021)

Our findings demonstrate that vertical data-integration of genetic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms generated a more in-depth understanding of the molecular basis underlying the development of obesity-associated fatty liver disease. We gained novel insights into how NAFLD classification and outcome are orchestrated, which could not have been obtained by exclusively considering genetic variation.
Solid state synthesis of chitosan and its unsaturated derivatives for laser microfabrication of 3D scaffolds (2015)

Chitosans with various degrees of deacetylation and molecular weights and their allyl substituted derivatives were obtained through a solvent-free reaction under shear deformation in an extruder. Structure and physical-chemical analysis of the samples were carried out using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), ultraviolet (UV) and infrared radiation (IR) spectroscopy. Photosensitive materials based on the synthesized polymers were successfully used for microfabrication of 3D well-defined architectonic structures by laser stereolithography. Study on the metabolic activity of NCTC L929 cultured in the presence of the cured chitosan extracts indicates that the engineered biomaterials could support adhesion, spreading and growth of adherent-dependent cells, and thus could be considered as biocompatible scaffolds.
Ultra High Energy Density Nanocomposite Capacitors with Fast Discharge Using Ba0.2Sr0.8TiO3 Nanowires (2013)

Nanocomposites combining a high breakdown strength polymer and high dielectric permittivity ceramic filler have shown great potential for pulsed power applications. However, while current nanocomposites improve the dielectric permittivity of the capacitor, the gains come at the expense of the breakdown strength, which limits the ultimate performance of the capacitor. Here, we develop a new synthesis method for the growth of barium strontium titanate nanowires and demonstrate their use in ultra high energy density nanocomposites. This new synthesis process provides a facile approach to the growth of high aspect ratio nanowires with high yield and control over the stoichiometry of the solid solution. The nanowires are grown in the cubic phase with a Ba0.2Sr0.8TiO3 composition and have not been demonstrated prior to this report. The poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanocomposites resulting from this approach have high breakdown strength and high dielectric permittivity which results from the use of high aspect ratio fillers rather than equiaxial particles. The nanocomposites are shown to have an ultra high energy density of 14.86 J/cc at 450 MV/m and provide microsecond discharge time quicker than commercial biaxial oriented polypropylene capacitors. The energy density of our nanocomposites exceeds those reported in the literature for ceramic/polymer composites and is 1138% greater than the reported commercial capacitor with energy density of 1.2 J/cc at 640 MV/m for the current state of the art biaxial oriented polypropylene.
Febrile infection‐related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is not caused by SCN1A, POLG, PCDH19 mutations or rare copy number variations (2012)

Mutations in PCDH19, SCN1A, POLG, or CNVs are not responsible for FIRES.
Order Promising and the Master Production Schedule* (1988)

ABSTRACT Previous research on material requirements planning (MRP) systems has rarely considered the impact of the master production scheduling method used to promise customer orders and to allocate production capacity. Based on a simulation study of an MRP environment, we show that the correct selection of a master production schedule (MPS) method depends on the variance of end‐item demand. In addition, we find evidence that the effectiveness of a particular MPS method can be enhanced by holding buffer inventory at the same level in the product structure as in the MPS.
The Achilles’ heel of coronaviruses: targeting the 5’ Polyuridines tract of the antigenome to inhibit Mouse coronavirus-induced cell death (2021)

Abstract The current coronavirus pandemic situation is worsened by the rapidly-spreading SARS-CoV-2 virus variants. Identification of viral targets that are indispensable for the virus can be targeted to inhibit mutation-based new escape variant development. The 5’-polyU tract of the antigenome offers such a target. Host cells do not harbor 5’-polyU tracts on any of their transcripts, making the tract an attractive, virus-specific target. Inhibiting the 5’-polyU can limit the use of the tract as template to generate 3’ polyA tails of +RNAs of coronaviruses. Here, a modified DNA oligo with 3’ polyAs is used to target the 5-polyU tract in mouse coronavirus (MHV-A59). The oligo treatment in mouse 17CL-1 cells infected with MHV-A59 significantly prevented virus-induced cell deaths. This proof-of-concept result shows a unique mode of action against mouse coronavirus without affecting host cells, and can be used for the development of novel classes of drugs that inhibit coronavirus infection in host cells, specifically by the COVID-19-causing virus SARS-CoV-2. In addition, as the 5’-polyU tract is immediately generated upon infection, the tag can also be targeted for reliable early detection of viral infection.
Reflectance Confocal Microscopy and Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy in the Early Detection of Melanoma in Changing Lesions during Long-term Follow-up of Very High-risk Patients (2022)

Electrical impedance spectroscopy has clinical relevance in diagnosing malignancy in melanocytic lesions. Sixty-eight lesions with changes during digital follow-up of patients at very high risk of developing melanoma were prospectively included in this study from February to December 2016. Electrical impedance spectroscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy were performed to evaluate their performance in this subset of difficult lesions. Forty-six lesions were considered suspicious on reflectance confocal microscopy and were excised, of these, 19 were diagnosed as melanoma. Fifteen melanomas were detected by electrical impedance spectroscopy, while 4 received a score lower than 4, which suggested no malignancy. The addition of reflectance confocal microscopy improves accuracy while maintaining the same sensitivity. In the case of electrical impedance spectroscopy scores <4, lesions exhibiting changes in follow-up may need short-term monitoring or excision if dermoscopy shows criteria for melanoma. Results of electrical impedance spectroscopy in this subset of very early lesions should be carefully considered due to the risk of false negatives.
Evidence of dynamic Jahn-Teller distortions in two-dimensional crystalline molecular films (1999)

The surface electronic structure in crystalline copolymer films of vinylidene fluoride (70%) with trifluoroethylene (30%) has been studied by photoemission and inverse photoemission as a function of alkali metal (sodium) doping. Sodium doping introduces at least two new states into the band (HOMO-LUMO) gap well away from the Fermi level. While the sodium-doped copolymer is observed to resemble an n-type semiconductor, the change in electronic structure with temperature suggests that dynamic distortions lead to a photoemission initial state splitting of the lower Hubbard-like bands. There is a decrease in the effective Debye temperature with sodium doping which may, in turn, enhance the dynamic Jahn-Teller distortion.
Cytological Evidence for Association of the Ends of the Linear Chromosome in Streptomyces coelicolor (2001)

The chromosome of the filamentous bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor is linear, but the genetic map is circular. We present cytological evidence based on the use of fluorescence in situ hybridization showing that the ends of the chromosome frequently colocalize, in agreement with the idea that the ends are held together, effectively forming a circular chromosome. These observations provide a possible explanation for how a linear bacterial chromosome can exhibit a circular genetic map.
Discrete solitons in graphene metamaterials (2015)

We study nonlinear properties of multilayer metamaterials created by graphene sheets separated by dielectric layers. We demonstrate that such structures can support localized nonlinear modes described by the discrete nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation and that its solutions are associated with stable discrete plasmon solitons. We also analyze the nonlinear surface modes in truncated graphene metamaterials being a nonlinear analog of surface Tamm states.
Head Impact Response Comparisons of Human Surrogates (1979)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The response of the head to impact in the posterior-to-anterior direction was investigated with live anesthetized and post-mortem primates.&lt;span class="xref"&gt;*&lt;/span&gt; The purpose of the project was to relate animal test results to previous head impact tests conducted with cadavers (reported at the 21st Stapp Car Crash Conference (&lt;span class="xref"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;),&lt;span class="xref"&gt;**&lt;/span&gt; and to study the differences between the living and post-mortem state in terms of mechanical response.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The three-dimensional motion of the head, during and after impact, was derived from experimental measurements and expressed as kinematic quantities in various reference frames. Comparison of kinematic quantities between subjects is normally done by referring the results to a standard anatomical reference frame, or to a predefined laboratory reference frame. This paper uses an additional method for describing the kinematics of head motion through the use of Frenet-Serret frame fields.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The experimental technique used a nine-accelerometer system, mounted rigidly to the head, to measure head motions. Additional measurements included impact force, epidural pressure, and strains in the skull bone. High-speed cineradiography (1000 frames/second) was used during the impact. A total of seven animals were tested in the project, five post-mortem and two live.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The results of the tests are presented to demonstrate the similarities and differences found between animal and human cadaver subjects and between living and post-mortem subjects. The effects of the following factors are discussed:&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt; &lt;ol class="list nostyle"&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;span class="li-label"&gt;1.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Relative magnitudes of brain mass, skull mass and external soft tissue mass.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;span class="li-label"&gt;2.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Head surface geometry at the impact site and mass distribution.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;span class="li-label"&gt;3.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Differences in epidural pressures and in head trajectories.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ol&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
Three Dimensional Motion Control System of Ferromagnetic Particles for Magnetically Targeted Drug Delivery Systems (2006)

The development of a 3-dimensional (3-D) navigation system of ferromagnetic particles in a flow system was performed. In order to improve the practice of using externally-applied magnetic fields for targeting the magnetic particles to a circumscribed body region, we tested the feasibility of a novel 3-D navigation system, made by applying a strong external (magnetic) field through a GdBaCuO bulk superconductor. A 3-D theoretical model is proposed and used in order to evaluate the efficiency of the navigation/retention of magnetic particles in the flow system. Furthermore, an experimental model system was made and the efficiency of a prototype system was examined. Comparisons of experimental and the corresponding calculation results were made to examine the theoretical model system
Saposin A: second cerebrosidase activator protein. (1989)

Saposin A, a heat-stable 16-kDa glycoprotein, was isolated from Gaucher disease spleen and purified to homogeneity. Chemical sequencing from its amino terminus and of peptides obtained by digestion with protease from Staphylococcus aureus strain V-8 demonstrated that saposin A is derived from proteolytic processing of domain 1 of its precursor protein, prosaposin. Processing of prosaposin (70 kDa) also generates three other previously reported saposin proteins, B, C, and D, from its second, third, and fourth domains. Similar to saposin C, saposin A stimulates the hydrolysis of 4-methylumbelliferyl beta-glucoside and glucocerebroside by beta-glucosylceramidase and of galactocerebroside by beta-galactosylceramidase, mainly by increasing the maximal velocity of both reactions. Saposin A is as active as saposin C in these reactions. Saposin A has no significant effect on other sphingolipid and 4-methylumbelliferyl glycoside hydrolases tested. Saposin A has two potential glycosylation sites that appear to be glycosylated. After deglycosylation, saposin A had a subunit molecular mass of 10 kDa and was as active as native saposin A. However, reduction and alkylation abolished the activation. A three-dimensional model comparing saposins A and C reveals significant sequence homology between them, especially preservation of conserved acidic and basic residues in their middle regions. Each appears to possess a conformationally rigid hydrophobic pocket stabilized by three internal disulfide bridges, with amphipathic helical regions interrupted by helix breakers.
Supplementary Table 2 from PRAME as an Independent Biomarker for Metastasis in Uveal Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Comparison of features between uveal melanoma subgroups.&lt;/p&gt;
Hypomorphic mutations of TRIP11 cause odontochondrodysplasia (2019)

Odontochondrodysplasia (ODCD) is an unresolved genetic disorder of skeletal and dental development. Here, we show that ODCD is caused by hypomorphic TRIP11 mutations, and we identify ODCD as the nonlethal counterpart to achondrogenesis 1A (ACG1A), the known null phenotype in humans. TRIP11 encodes Golgi-associated microtubule-binding protein 210 (GMAP-210), an essential tether protein of the Golgi apparatus that physically interacts with intraflagellar transport 20 (IFT20), a component of the ciliary intraflagellar transport complex B. This association and extraskeletal disease manifestations in ODCD point to a cilium-dependent pathogenesis. However, our functional studies in patient-derived primary cells clearly support a Golgi-based disease mechanism. In spite of reduced abundance, residual GMAP variants maintain partial Golgi integrity, normal global protein secretion, and subcellular distribution of IFT20 in ODCD. These functions are lost when GMAP-210 is completely abrogated in ACG1A. However, a similar defect in chondrocyte maturation is observed in both disorders, which produces a cellular achondrogenesis phenotype of different severity, ensuing from aberrant glycan processing and impaired extracellular matrix proteoglycan secretion by the Golgi apparatus.