gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Scalable growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes with a highly uniform structure (2020)

Here, a scalable floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD) method is developed for the production of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with a controlled structure. For the first time, water is used as the growth promoter in the FCCVD process to modulate the growth of SWCNTs. At an optimum water concentration of ca. 115 ppm, the water-assisted FCCVD process synthesizes SWCNTs with a significantly narrow chirality distribution. In particular, the proportion of (9,8) and (8,7) semiconducting tubes was dramatically enhanced to 45% with 27% of the (9,8) tube in the end product. This is attributed to the changes in both the SWCNT diameter and the chiral angle. The experiment results and accurate quantum chemical molecular dynamics simulations show that the addition of water affects the nucleation and the size distribution of nanoparticle catalysts, thus resulting in the growth of SWCNTs with a highly uniform structure. This direct and continuous water-assisted FCCVD provides the possibility for the mass production of high-quality SWCNTs with a controlled structure.
Development and deployment of an ultrasonic groundwater seepage meter: a reliable way to measure groundwater seepage (2003)

Submarine groundwater discharge can significantly influence the near shore transport of chemicals into surface waters. Quantification of the sources and rates of such discharge is critical to development of management strategies. Quantification requires a groundwater seepage meter that provides continuous measurements at high resolutions over an extended period of time. An ultrasonic flow meter has been developed for such measurements in the subsurface environment. Connected to a collection funnel the meter houses two piezoelectric transducers mounted at opposite ends of a cylindrical flow tube. By monitoring the perturbation of fluid flow on the propagation of sound waves inside the flow tube, the ultrasonic meter can measure both forward and reverse fluid flows in real time. Laboratory and field calibrations show that the ultrasonic meter can resolve groundwater discharge on the order of 0.1 um/s and is sufficiently robust for deployment in the field for several days. A parallel effort has applied a direct contact resistivity probe used by divers to identify areas of groundwater seepage. These tools have been applied to identify areas of groundwater seepage. These tools have been applied to quantify ground water seepage and associated contaminated loads from landfills, Superfund/industrial sites, and agricultural sites and to develop nutrient budgets for computer modeling. These techniques have been used in deployments with the US Navy, Battelle Labs, the Suffolk County Health Services and the United Nations. Equipment has now been developed that integrates this meter with an automated sampling device that can be deployed for 4 days and collect seepage flow regulated samples.
Conception et caractérisation de nanoantennes plasmoniques pour la photodétection infrarouge refroidie (2013)

The market for cooled infrared imaging technologies is growing fast due to a range of applications covering military, commercial and space. Current research for innovative systems focuses on high operating temperature and multispectral detectors.To achieve these aims, optical resonators can be used to concentrate electromagnetic fields in thin absorbing media. This thesis investigates the possibility of using plasmonic resonators for HgCdTe photodetection.Temporal coupled-mode theory is used to optimise analytically the absorption in a plasmonic resonator incorporating an absorbing semiconductor subject to the critical coupling condition. A design of a thin plasmonic HgCdTe diode is then described. This includes a hybrid plasmonic mode arising from the coupling between a surface plasmon and a cavity gap-plasmon mode
Cytotoxic chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer. Recent advances in management. (2005)

Several developments in the past few years have incrementally progressed the field and provided additional insights into the management of advanced colorectal cancer. This review discusses the components of current cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens for advanced colorectal cancer: fluorouracil (5-FU), capecitabine (Xeloda), irinotecan (Camptosar), and oxaliplatin (Eloxatin). The equivalence of several front-line regimens has provided opportunities for increased tailoring of therapies for individual patients. Preliminary data on pharmacogenomics provides hope that we will be able to better match patients with regimens and doses on the basis of individualized predictions of toxicity and response. The importance of second-line therapy in overall survival has again been highlighted; the best outcomes have occurred in patients treated with 5-FU, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan in combination with targeted therapies during the course of their disease. Elderly patients are no exception to this finding. Combination regimens and second-line therapy should be offered to elderly patients who have adequate performance status and no contraindicated comorbid conditions, without regard for their chronological age.
Terminal Decontamination of Patient Rooms Using an Automated Mobile UV Light Unit (2011)

The mobile UV-C light unit significantly reduced aerobic colony counts and C. difficile spores on contaminated surfaces in patient rooms.
Effects of 2450-MHz Microwave Energy on the Blood-Brain Barrier: An Overview and Critique of Past and Present Research (1984)

The dynamics and complexity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) make it a very difficult system for study. The variety of techniques employed to assess microwave effects on the barrier all appear subject to limitations in either sensitivity or applicability. Inconsistencies in tracer characteristics, experimental design, and in the microwave parameters employed, i.e., microwave system used (pulsed or continuous wave), field orientation relative to the exposed animal, frequency, power density, and duration of exposure, anesthesia or physical restraint, all have lead to difficulties in interpreting results and replication of experiments. Therefore, the technical approach, as well as data obtained, must be carefully scrutinized to avoid misinterpretation of results that may lead to erroneous conclusions. Recent studies by Williams et al. have endeavored to consolidate various technical approaches within a single study in order to more clearly interpret potential microwave-blood-brain barrier interactions and to minimize extraneous factors which may confound these effects. Our findings, as well as those of other investigators, fail to confirm previously published reports of increased blood-brain barrier permeability in rats following exposure to microwaves. Our findings, however, support the conclusion that suppression of BBB permeability occurs, and that this effect is mediated by temperature-dependent changes in endothelial cell function, and not by qualities unique to microwave energy.
Global Analysis of Transcription Reveals BCSC-1 as a Melanoma Tumor Suppressor that Downregulates MITF (2011)

Reference EPFL-CONF-171006View record in Web of Science Record created on 2011-12-16, modified on 2017-05-12
D-latch for subthreshold floating-gate circuits exploiting threshold elements (2007)

When power supply for circuits is reduced the performance will also drop accordingly and to keep up the performance while lowering power supply is an important issue. Floating-gate circuits (FGMOS) have previously been simulated with low power supply and basic digital gates and circuits have already been designed and studied to determine speed and power performance. In this paper we try to expand the circuit library for subthreshold power supply FGMOS circuits by including a floating-gate memory element in terms of a D-latch. Our simulations at 250 mV power supply of a FGMOS D-latch are compared with other D-latches based on static CMOS and mirrored gate elements. The simulations we have performed shows that static CMOS has an advantage in performance of several orders of magnitude in terms of power consumption, while PDP and EDP performance are also better than for FGMOS. When it comes to speed performance, we show that the FGMOS D-latch can be up to 18 times faster than CMOS at the expense of up to three orders of magnitude higher power consumption.
A method for posterior frequency-domain multi-channel residual echo canceling (2011)

We propose a posterior frequency-domain multi-channel residual echo canceling method. As the number of reproduction channels of an echo canceller increases, its adaptive filter shows a slower convergence of the filter coefficient error, that is, large echo path mismatch. In this situation, the change in the human talker in a remote site produces an abrupt residual echo more frequently. The proposed method immediately cancels this abrupt residual echo by estimating it from loudspeaker-reproduced signals, adaptive filter output, and echo replica with a much shorter frame length compared with adaptive filter length. By taking the echo replica into account, this frequency-domain method can improve residual-echo estimates. Another feature of the proposed method is controlling the residual echo estimates according to the confidence interval of these estimates.
Enhanced transmission of electromagnetic waves through split-ring resonator-shaped apertures (2011)

The design of aperture shape is a promising approach for enhanced transmission through a subwavelength aperture. We designed split-ring-resonator (SRR)-shaped apertures in order to increase the transmission through subwavelength apertures by making use of the strong localization of the electromagnetic field in SRR-shaped apertures. We obtained a promising result of 104-fold enhancement by utilizing SRR-shaped apertures. It is possible to use these proposed structures at optical frequencies by making several modifications such as decreasing the sharpness of edges and increasing the gap width. Since SRRs are already being realized at optical frequencies, our proposed SRR-shaped aperture structures are promising candidates for novel applications.
ChemInform Abstract: A Tetraphos Ligand with C3 Symmetry. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fast hydrogen gas injection system for plasma physics experiments (1978)

A system has been developed for fast injection of hydrogen gas into a vacuum system, which can produce feedback controlled flows in the range 0.1-10 Torr l/s. The unit uses a fast pressure transducer as a flow sensor. The flow will respond to an external programming voltage whose time variation is as short as several milliseconds.
Channel Coding and Multiuser Detection for CDMA and Wireless Communications (1999)

Next generation wireless communication systems will require support for many different applications as well as improved quality compared to existing second generation systems like GSM (Global System for Mobile communications). Since there will be more users and higher data rates, the capacity must also be increased. This thesis studies channel coding and multiuser detection, two techniques that are of vital importance for designing a flexible system with high capacity and high quality. In the first part of the thesis optimum distance spectrum (ODS) convolutional encoders are presented. These encoders generate maximum free distance codes and have superior information error weights. Results show that the ODS codes outperform previously published maximum free distance codes at no extra cost. We next use the ODS encoders as parent encoders to find large and flexible families of multirate codes. These multirate codes are obtained both by puncturing and nesting of the parent ODS codes, and are shown to perform almost as well as unpunctured codes, and to be well suited for rate-matching in direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) systems. A study of the performance of a number of multiuser detectors shows that such advanced receiver structures are quite sensitive to errors in phase and timing estimates. With parameter estimation errors the performance of all investigated detectors approach that of the conventional matched filter detector. This emphasizes even more the important role of channel coding in CDMA systems. A family of powerful very low-rate maximum free distance convolutional codes is found by nesting of rate 1/4 ODS codes. These codes are proposed for combined coding and spreading in CDMA systems, and are shown to be both more flexible and more powerful than previously known very low-rate convolutional codes. When applied in a CDMA system, we obtain significantly better performance than with a conventionally coded and spread scheme. Detailed investigations of parallel and successive interference cancellation in combination with channel code decoding show performance very close to the single user bound for the very low-rate code. All results with interference cancellation assume that decisions are taken before regeneration and subtraction of the signal. Accurate analysis of such non-linear interference cancellation is difficult. We therefore present iterative approximative analysis techniques that give results close to simulation results. Sequential decoding of convolutional codes is a suboptimum technique that makes it possible to decode very long constraint length codes and thus obtain very low error rates. We evaluate the performance of sequential decoding theoretically and by simulations for Rayleigh fading channels. A tailbiting coding scheme together with sequential decoding is proposed and shown to give improved throughput for wireless packet data transmission.
Relationship of the Intercondylar Roof and the Tibial Footprint of the ACL (2012)

The tibial footprint of the ACL is located in a position on the tibia that is consistent and does not vary according to intercondylar roof angle. The cACL is consistently located between 43.2% and 45.0% of the anteroposterior length of the tibia. Intercondylar roof-based guidance may not predictably place a tibial tunnel in the native ACL footprint. Use of a generic ACL footprint to place a tibial tunnel during ACL reconstruction may be reliable in up to 95% of patients.
Improvement of asymmetric thyroid eye disease with teprotumumab (2021)

The findings in this study suggest the differential impact of teprotumumab on orbits that are clinically more affected by TED, suggesting that teprotumumab reduces asymmetry.
Safety Helmet detection with Extended Labels Dataset (SHELD) (2021)

We extended the number of labels in Kaggle’s safety helmet detection dataset, which has 5000 images and 5000 annotations. The original dataset had three classes (person, head and helmet) and a total of 2501 labels. Moreover, the original dataset was incompletely labelled. We added three new labels on the dataset in results, the new labels consists of six classes (helmet, head with helmet, person with helmet, head, person no helmet, and face) and total of 75578 labels.
A Novel Machine Learning Approach Uncovers New and Distinctive Inhibitors for Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 9 (2020)

Abstract We present a novel combination of generative and predictive machine learning models for discovering unique protein inhibitors. The new method is assessed on its ability to generate unique inhibitors for the cancer associated protein kinase, CDK9. We validate our method by performing biochemical assays, attaining a hit rate of more than 10%, demonstrating the method to be a notable improvement upon a more standard, and somewhat naive approach. Moreover, we imposed the additional challenge of finding inhibitors that are readily synthesized. Importantly, two new inhibitors are found, with one being distinct from reported CDK9 inhibitors. We discuss the results in the context of modern machine learning principles and the desire expressed by the rational drug design community to secure molecules that are structurally different, yet with high binding affinities, to structurally determined protein targets.
Learning novel views to a single face image (2002)

A new technique is described for synthesizing images of faces from new viewpoints, when only a single 2D image from a known viewpoint is available. A novel 2D image of a face can be computed without knowledge about the 3D structure of the head. The technique draws on prior knowledge of faces based on example images of other faces seen in different poses and on a single generic 3D model of a human head. The example images are used to learn a pose-invariant shape and texture description of a new face. The 3D model is used to solve the correspondence problem between images showing faces in different poses. Examples of synthetic "rotations" over 24/spl deg/ based on a training set of 100 faces are shown.
Synthesis, characterization, and polarized luminescence properties of platinum(ii) complexes having a rod-like ligand (2012)

We have synthesized a series of platinum (Pt) complexes having a rod-like ligand: 'Pt(F(2)PPy)acac', 'Pt(12F(2)PPy)acac', and 'Pt(12F(2)PPyO4)acac'. The crystal form of Pt(12F(2)PPy)acac was successfully determined to be triclinic by single-crystal X-ray structural analysis. The molecules were parallelly aligned in the unit cell. Monomer and excimer emissions of Pt(12F(2)PPy)acac were observed in hexane solution, poly(methyl methacrylate) film, and various nematic LCs. Homogeneous LC cells with the Pt complex/LC mixtures exhibited polarized optical emission resulting from monomer and excimer states. The PL intensity perpendicular to the orientation direction was higher than the parallel one in the whole wavelength region of the Pt complex and the polarization ratio of the excimer was higher than that of the monomer. The polarization ratios of the excimers were estimated to be 1.4-2.5 in nematic LC at room temperature, and decreased gradually with increasing temperature. The polarization ratios of Pt(12F(2)PPyO4)acac were higher than those of Pt(F(2)PPy)acac and Pt(12F(2)PPy)acac in all the LCs.
An efficient algorithm for finding the control point of 3<sup>rd</sup> order Bezier curve (2010)

This paper represents a modified algorithm to recover the control points of 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> order Bezier curves more efficiently. It uses the two stage approximation learning algorithm with some modifications. In this regards, at 1 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">st</sup> stage we modify the height (H) where we assume approximate 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> and 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> control points and at 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> stage we modify the step size (δ) which moves the assumed control points towards the accurate control points. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method minimize the error level and reduce computation time for recovering the control points than the previous one. Our computer simulation proves the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Soft X ‐ray tomography enhancement by focal series projections (2016)

Soft X‐ray tomography (SXT) is one of the most recent structural biology techniques for quantitative three‐dimensional (3D) analysis of whole cells. When preserved in cryo‐conditions, whole cells can be imaged by Fresnel zone plate (FZP) lenses with spatial resolution in the few tens of nanometers. Information from these images can then be combined by tomographic techniques to generate 3D maps of the specimen. X‐ray photon‐energies in the so‐called water window (between 284 and 543 eV) are especially useful, since high contrast images of cryopreserved whole cells of ~10 microns can be obtained without use of staining agents. However, SXT is far from currently being delivering its promise to its full extend, mostly due to the intrinsic limited depth of field (DOF) of the microscope optical system and to the over simplicity of the standard reconstruction algorithms being used. Indeed, this limited DOF produces images where the contribution of each plane of the specimen is different, leading to three‐dimensional (3D) maps where certain parts of the specimen are blurred. We analyze the SXT image formation process in detail, providing a new mathematical theory allowing for the quantitative SXT inversion using focal series projections, images acquired at different defocus (Figure 1). Following these ideas, the SXT microscope at the Spanish synchrotron ALBA has been modified so as to automatically acquire the necessary additional information in a fast and reliable manner. Examples of the use of the new formulation on several biological systems using images acquired at ALBA are provided. Here we apply our quantitative approach to SXT inversion to the study of an experimental biological system: a rotavirus infected cell tomogram (Figure 2).
Physical characteristics of fungicide spray liquids mixed with mineral oil and manganese sulfate applied on citrus leaves and glass surfaces (2014)

Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Fitossanidade, Faculdade de Ciencias Agrarias e Veterinarias de Jaboticabal
A Harmonic Flux Induction Type on-Board Auxillary Power Source System for Levitated Trains (1981)

This report describes the principle and characteristics of, and the test results obtained with, a new harmonic flux induction type on-board power source system (HIPS) suitable for high speed magnetically levitated trains. The system uses a space harmonic component of the flux produced by track coils to supply power to train induction coils.
A New Concept for High Efficiency and Clean Diesel Combustion by Controlling Mixture Distribution with Dual Zone Combustion Chamber (2022)

As various measures are being taken worldwide to restrain global warming, the internal combustion engine is required to realize a significant reduction in carbon dioxide emission. In addition, regulations of hazardous exhaust emissions in the global market are expected to become even more stringent near future. Regarding the diesel engine, it is well known that premixed charge compression ignition (PCI) combustion is effective in achieving both high efficiency and clean emissions. However, PCI combustion is associated with difficulty in controlling ignition timing and combustion noise, and this limits its operable range only to light load condition. In order to apply PCI combustion under higher load conditions, many researchers have been studying partially-premixed compression ignition (partially-premixed CI) combustion with use of multi-stage split fuel injection. Partially-premixed CI combustion can be expected to improve thermal efficiency by reducing combustion duration with a raised degree of constant volume of combustion, while suppressing exhaust emissions to a low level. In this type of combustion, PCI combustion occurs in the initial heat release process, and diffusive combustion becomes dominant in the latter part of combustion. If the spatial distribution of spray can be appropriately controlled to avoid interference between the burned region formed by early stage injections and the subsequent spray, it should be effective in forming leaner mixture in the latter combustion period. In this study, we investigated a new concept of partially-premixed CI combustion in which the spatial distribution of fuel spray is controlled with a dual zone combustion chamber composed of upper and lower zones. The effectiveness of the newly established combustion concept was validated by means of numerical analyses and engine experiments using a single cylinder research engine.