gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microwave leakage from field modulation slots in TE011 electron paramagnetic resonance cavities (2004)

This article considers a Q-band cylindrical TE011 electron paramagnetic resonance cavity with slots cut parallel to wall currents to allow penetration of magnetic field modulation and with mode suppression gaps in the end regions of zero wall currents to reduce interference from nearby modes. Origins of the small amount of rf leakage generally observed from modulation slots have been studied using a finite element computer program and ways to eliminate this leakage have been found. The leakage is caused by field distortions from the waveguide coupling iris, which is centered on the cylindrical sidewall. The distortion is of two distinct types, which result in comparable leakage levels. One is from iris fields that have components perpendicular to the fields of the mode of interest. The iris near fields couple to a nonresonant circumferential radial mode in the modulation slots, like that of a sectorial waveguide horn. The other type of rf leakage is caused by coupling of the aperture to nearby cavity modes that leak from the modulation slots if they have currents across the slots. End gaps have been used to “suppress” the TM modes that, without the gaps, are degenerate with the TE011. We find that the TM modes are not suppressed, but rather altered, as are most modes. The modes are combinations of coaxial modes that are excited in the end-gap regions coupled to normal cavity modes. The most desirable way to reduce leakage is the combination of a thin slotted iris, thin modulation slots and sufficiently thick cavity walls. Electric discharge machining techniques can be used to produce slots of the required dimensions. A less desirable way to reduce the rf leakage is to place a floating conducting shield just outside the modulation slots. If resistive material is placed in the end gaps, rf leakage from the modulation slots decreases because the amount of energy coupled to an adjacent cavity mode is reduced, which increases the Q of the TE011 mode.
Inhibition of Heliothis virescens larvae growth in transgenic tobacco plants expressing cowpea trypsin inhibitor (2005)

Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is an important pest for corn and rice in Cuba. Here, we describe the obtainment of transgenic tobacco plants expressing the cowpea trypsin inhibitor (cpti) gene as a model to explore the efficiency of this protein for fall armyworm control. Tobacco plants were transformed with Agrobacterium tumefaciens containing a plasmid conferring kanamycin resistance and carrying the cpti gene fused to the 35S promoter and the enhancer of the Ω fragment from the TMV. From the regenerated tobacco clones, lines 19 and 26 showed higher trypsin inhibitory activity and were chosen for molecular characterization and bioassays against insects. Tobacco budworm larvae feeding on leaf discs from clone 19 showed marked inhibition growth as a consequence of cpti in the plants. This demonstrates the usefulness of the cpti protein in the control of insects with trypsin-like protease activity and supports its potential to be combined with insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis Cry proteins in transgenic plants as an alternative against the development of insect resistance.
Technical note: recombinant LHRH fusion protein suppresses estrus in heifers. (2000)

A recombinant luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) fusion protein was evaluated for its effectiveness in suppression of estrus in heifers. Eight heifers were randomly assigned to two equal treatment groups. Treatments consisted of recombinant ovalbumin-LHRH-7 or recombinant ovalbumin (control). This recombinant chimeric fusion protein consisted of ovalbumin with seven LHRH peptides (ovalbumin-LHRH-7). The plasmid for this protein was expressed in E. coli and was collected and purified as an insoluble protein. One milligram of the respective proteins was suspended in 2 mL of Z-Max adjuvant and administered by intramammary injection three times at 7-wk intervals. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antibody binding was elevated in heifers treated with ovalbumin-LHRH-7 compared to ovalbumin-treated heifers (P < .05). Serum progesterone concentrations (< 1 ng/mL) indicate that the estrous cycle of the four heifers treated with ovalbumin-LHRH-7 was suppressed for a time period ranging from 60 to 238 d, which was different from control heifers (P < .01). Serum progesterone for the control heifers continued to exhibit cyclic profiles over the experimental period. This preliminary study in heifers demonstrated that a chimeric LHRH fusion protein induced elevated concentrations of circulating LHRH antibodies that suppressed estrus for an average of 122 +/- 41 d.
Detector coupling corrections for vector infidelity of multicomponent OBC data (2007)

Abstract Differences in the frequency response of horizontal and vertical detectors (vector infidelity) in ocean bottom cable (OBC) surveys can cause problems for multicomponent processing, such as S-wave birefringence and amplitude variation with azimuth (AVA) analyses, and combining vertical and hydrophone data for water-born multiple suppression. One source of this problem is poor detector coupling with the seabed that produces resonances and phase distortions. Coupling and data quality are generally excellent for the inline component. However, the crossline component often exhibits low-frequency resonance compared to the inline. Also, OBCs are susceptible to rotational modes about the cable axis that produce spurious S-waves on the vertical component. I derive a method for correcting the crossline and vertical components based on a model of OBC detector coupling, and design vector operators in the frequency domain from shots over many offsets and azimuths. The crossline data are corrected, relative to the inline, assuming linear polarization of early, near-offset arrivals on the radial-horizontal component. Thus, the transverse-horizontal component provides a convenient error or objective function to be minimized for operator design. Using the corrected crossline, as a model of rotational modes, leads to an estimate of spurious S-waves on the vertical component, which are adaptively subtracted. Data examples from the Gulf of Mexico and offshore Nigeria are presented to illustrate improvements in crossline frequency content and match to inline data. Typically there is 3–6dB reduction in error using the rms ratio of transverse-to-radial component data computed in the time domain. Suppression of spurious S-waves from the vertical component without undesirable effects of low-cut or f-k filters is shown for prestack and poststack data. Also, vector operators indicate they contain important information related to resonance modes of crossline coupling and rotational modes associated with seabed-deployed versus buried OBCs.
Innovative Behandlungskonzepte des Typ–2–Diabetes – Optimierung der Blutzuckereinstellung und Reduktion des kardiovaskulären Risikos (2009)

Im Bereich der oralen Diabetestherapie, der Insulinpräparate und –applikationen sowie der Blutzuckerselbstkontrolle gab es in den vergangenen Jahren wesentliche Weiterentwicklungen. Trotz dieser Fortschritte ist bei einem großen Teil der Typ–2–Diabetiker der Blutzucker nur unzureichend eingestellt. Außerdem können die bisher verfügbaren oralen Antidiabetika den Diabetes weder heilen noch die Betazellfunktion oder den Stoffwechsel komplett wiederherstellen bzw. das kardiovaskuläre Risiko auf ein normales Maß reduzieren. Diese Defizite rechtfertigen die weitere Entwicklung innovativer Therapieoptionen. Zu den in den vergangenen Jahren neu entwickelten Strategien zählen vor allem die Nutzung des Inkretineffekts als Basis für neue Antidiabetika wie Inkretinmimetika, GLP–1–Analoga und DPP–4–Hemmer und die selektive Blockade von Rezeptoren des Endocannabinoidsystems.
Dyserythropoiesis in the diagnosis of the myelodysplastic syndromes and other myeloid neoplasms: problem areas (2018)

An evaluation of the significance of specified dyserythropoietic features in suspected myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukaemia with erythroid dysplasia was made by means of evaluation of 100 electronic images of bone marrow erythroblasts from each of 20 subjects: 11 with a myeloid neoplasm, six with another condition that could cause erythroid dysplasia and three healthy controls. The evaluation was carried out independently by seven experienced haematologists/haematopathologists who were blinded to the diagnosis. The majority of the dyserythropoietic features listed in the World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues were validated, although karyorrhexis was found to be infrequent and lacking in specificity; multinuclearity and megaloblastosis were more often observed but also lacked specificity. Good majority agreement on the identification of dysplastic features was obtained. Despite this, it was demonstrated that a reliable diagnosis of MDS can often not be made on the basis of erythroid morphology alone. Interpretation of dyserythropoiesis must be carried out with full knowledge of other clinicopathological features and with a constant awareness of the other conditions that can be confused with MDS. An iron stain is essential, as cases with ring sideroblasts may otherwise not be recognised as having MDS.
Transfer Reactions Involving Boron. IX. Mechanism of Product Formation in the Hydroboration of Vinyl Halides1,2 (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTransfer Reactions Involving Boron. IX. Mechanism of Product Formation in the Hydroboration of Vinyl Halides1,2Daniel J. Pasto and Sr. Ricella Snyder O.S.F.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 9, 2773–2777Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01347a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01347a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views374Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Extracellular matrix and blood-brain barrier function. (1998)

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a functional characteristic of the cerebral microvasculature that determines which molecules can travel from the bloodstream to the brain parenchyma and vice versa. During the last few decades, we have investigated the contribution of vascular extracellular matrix (ECM) to BBB function. The present review analyzes our findings in the light of recent data on age-related brain function alterations and discusses the potential contribution of BBB function impairment to the processes that determine these alterations.
Replication Protein A Interactions with DNA. III. Molecular Basis of Recognition of Damaged DNA (2000)

Human replication protein A (RPA) is a heterotrimeric single-stranded DNA-binding protein (subunits of 70, 32, and 14 kDa) that is required for cellular DNA metabolism. RPA has been reported to interact specifically with damaged double-stranded DNA and to participate in multiple steps of nucleotide excision repair (NER) including the damage recognition step. We have examined the mechanism of RPA binding to both single-stranded and double-stranded DNA (ssDNA and dsDNA, respectively) containing damage. We show that the affinity of RPA for damaged dsDNA correlated with disruption of the double helix by the damaged bases and required RPAs ssDNA-binding activity. We conclude that RPA is recognizing single-stranded character caused by the damaged nucleotides. We also show that RPA binds specifically to damaged ssDNA. The specificity of binding varies with the type of damage with RPA having up to a 60-fold preference for a pyrimidine(6-4)pyrimidone photoproduct. We show that this specific binding was absolutely dependent on the zinc-finger domain in the C-terminus of the 70-kDa subunit. The affinity of RPA for damaged ssDNA was 5 orders of magnitude higher than that of the damage recognition protein XPA (xeroderma pigmentosum group A protein). These findings suggest that RPA probably binds to both damaged and undamaged strands in the NER excision complex. RPA binding may be important for efficient excision of damaged DNA in NER.
Carbon Nanotubes and Microwaves: Interactions, Responses, and Applications (2009)

The interaction of microwaves with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is an interesting topic for a variety of potential applications. Microwaves have been used for the purification of CNTs and for their chemical functionalization, providing a technique for simple, green, and large-scale protocols. In addition, the selective destruction of metallic CNTs under microwave irradiation could potentially result in a batch of semiconducting-only nanotubes. As an innovative application, the combination of microwaves with well-aligned CNTs could produce a new illumination technology. Moreover, the microwave absorbing properties of CNTs and their different behavior from typical organic compounds may open the door to the preparation of a wide range of new materials useful in many fields. A few examples of practical applications include electromagnetic interference for protecting the environment from radiation and microwave hyperthermia for cancer treatment as well as other medical therapies requiring precise heating of biological tissues.
How Can the COVID-19 Pandemic Lead to Positive Changes in Urology Residency? (2020)

The COVID-19 outbreak, in a few weeks, overloaded Italian hospitals, and the majority of medical procedures were postponed. During the pandemic, with hospital reorganization, clinical and learning activities performed by residents suffered a forced remodulation. The objective of this study is to investigate how urology training in Italy has been affected during the COVID-19 era. In this multi-academic study, we compared residents' training during the highest outbreak level with their previous activity. Overall 387 (67.1%) of the 577 Italian Urology residents participated in a 72-h anonymous online survey with 36 items sent via email. The main outcomes were clinical/surgical activities, social distancing, distance learning, and telemedicine. Clinical and learning activity was significantly reduced for the overall group, and after categorizing residents as those working only in COVID hospitals, both "junior" and "senior" residents, and those working in any of three geographical areas created (Italian regions were clustered in three major zones according to the prevalence of COVID-19). A significant decrease in outpatient activity, invasive diagnostic procedures, and endoscopic and major surgeries was reported. Through multivariate analysis, the specific year of residency has been found to be an independent predictor for all response modification. Being in zone 3 and zone 2 and having "senior" resident status were independent predictors associated with a lower reduction of the clinical and learning activity. Working in a COVID hospital and having "senior" resident status were independent predictors associated with higher reduction of the outpatient activity. Working in zone 3 and having "senior" resident status were independent predictors of lower and higher outpatient surgical activity, respectively. Working in a COVID hospital was an independent predictor associated with robotic surgical activity. The majority of residents reported that distance teaching and multidisciplinary virtual meetings are still not used, and 44.8% reported that their relationships with colleagues decreased. The COVID-19 pandemic presents an unprecedented challenge, including changes in the training and education of urology residents. The COVID era can offer an opportunity to balance and implement innovative solutions that can bridge the educational gap and can be part of future urology training.
Distribution Grid Reliability Versus Regulation Market Efficiency: An Analysis Based on Micro-PMU Data (2017)

There is a growing interest among power system operators to encourage load resources to offer frequency regulation. Prior studies have evaluated the system-wide benefits of such load resource participation. However, the potential adverse impact of wide scale load resource participation on distribution system performance, in the transient time frame, is often overlooked. Our goal is to address this open problem. We focus on a scenario where load resources offer regulation down service. To obtain realistic results, a distribution feeder in Riverside, CA, USA, is considered, where distribution-level phasor measurement units are used to collect high resolution voltage and current data. We start by developing a novel data-driven approach to analyze transient load behaviors. Subsequently, we model the aggregate load transient profile, in form of a three-phase surge current profile, that could be induced on a distribution feeder once a group of loads responds to a regulation down event. The impact of delay, e.g., due to sensing, communications, and load response, is considered. Distribution grid reliability is analyzed by taking into account the characteristics of the main feeder's protection system as well as each lateral's protection system. Both momentary and permanent reliability indexes are calculated. Case studies suggest that it is possible to jeopardize distribution grid reliability if several regulation down load resources are on the same feeder. Depending on various factors with respect to load resources, distribution feeder, and regulation market, there may or may not exist ways to break the trade-off between distribution grid reliability and regulation market efficiency. The construction and analysis of the reliability-efficiency curves would be needed for each feeder.
MR Imaging of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: Morphologic Findings and Interobserver Reliability (2003)

Reviewers found that the size and shape of abnormalities in the RV are key MR imaging discriminates of ARVD. Subsequent protocol development and multicenter trials need to address these parameters. Essential steps in improving accuracy and reducing variability include a standardized acquisition protocol and standardized analysis with dynamic cine review of regional RV function and quantification of RV and left ventricle volumes.
Two high accuracy CMOS RC oscillators with different trimming approach (2010)

Two high-accuracy RC Oscillators with different trimming control are demonstrated in this paper. The two oscillators use voltage trimming and current trimming respectively. The experiment results, obtained from the circuits fabricated in 0.5 μm CMOS process indicate the IC oscillators provide a 160KHz clock signal with a frequency spread of ±10% before the trimming. After centering the oscillator at the target frequency, the circuit has the accuracy of ±1.7% frequency variation for voltage trimming method and ±1.9% frequency variation for current trimming method from -20°C to 80°C. The chip areas are 120 μm * 135 μm for voltage trimming and 115 μm * 110 μm for current trimming. The oscillator with voltage trimming has been successfully used in consumer electronic products.
A method for quantification of peripheral blood admixture in bone marrow aspirates. (1980)

Peripheral blood admixture in bone marrow aspirates of twenty patients with hematologic diseases were studied either with 51Cr labeled autologous erythrocytes or 125I-lab eled albumin. In these bone marrow aspirates 97.0 +/- 4.2% (mean +/- SD) of te hemoglobin content appeared to be derived from peripheral blood. Assuming the presence of a proportional number of peripheral nucleated cells one may calculate the fraction of peripheral nucleated cells in bone marrow aspirates (Fpb) from its hemoglobin levels. The Fpb in the twenty patients studied, varied from 6 to 93%, whereas in a group of 25 healthy volunteers the mean Fpb +/- SD was 14 +/- 8%. In order to obtain reliable results in quantitative bone marrow studies one has to take into account the fraction of peripheral nucleated cells in bone marrow aspirates.
Triad STE Committee Postdoc and Student Programs [Slides] (2019)

Topics: Introduction: the workforce of the future; How we manage LANL's large student and postdoc population; Postdoc Program - current status; Student Program - current status; Issues: diversity, mentoring and quality.
Experience with Charlotte: simplicity and function in a distributed operating system (1989)

A retrospective view is presented of the Charlotte distributed operating system, a testbed for developing techniques and tools to solve computation-intensive problems with large-grain parallelism. The final version of Charlotte runs on the Crystal multicomputer, a collection of VAX-11/750 computers connected by a local area network. The kernel/process interface is unique in its support for symmetric, bidirectional communication paths (called links), and synchronous nonblocking communications. Several lessons were learned in implementing Charlotte. Links have proven to be a useful abstraction, but the primitives do not seem to be at quite the right level of abstraction. The implementation uses finite-state machines and a multitask kernel, both of which work well. It also maintains absolute distributed information which is more expensive that using hints. The development of high-level tools, particularly the Lynx distributed programming language, has simplified the use of kernal primitives and helps to manage concurrency at the process level.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Passage Through a Small Drainage Culvert by Mule Deer, <em>Odocoilus hemionus</em>, and Other Mammals (2005)

Cameras with infra-red triggers were used to monitor the passage of wildlife through underground passages that ran under a major highway and railway. Several species of mammals were detected traveling through the passages; of particular interest was the movement of Mule Deer (Odocoileus hemionus) through a relatively small culvert that would not have been predicted to see usage by these animals.