gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
How well do pre- and peritransplant variables predict the long-term results of kidney transplantation? (2008)

In organ transplantation, several clinical risk factors that are available before or immediately following the time of surgery have been shown to affect long-term transplant outcomes. We examined their ability to predict long-term survival accurately using a novel statistical method and data from the Données Informatisees et Validées en Transplantation on 3,227 kidney transplant recipients between 1996-2006 at 5 French transplant centers. The results clearly illustrate that the correlation of these parameters with survival is not sufficient to constitute a prognostic marker. In kidney transplantation, classical pre- and peritransplant clinical risk factors of graft loss are poor predictive markers for medical decision-making.
Silanediol-Catalyzed Stereoselective Functionalization of Heterocycles (2015)

Small molecules that participate in molecular recognition via hydrogen bonding interactions provide a powerful platform for a host of applications.It has been established that these types of molecules can function as therapeutic agents, anion sensors, and organocatalysts.Advancements upon the state of the art in these areas can be realized by developing functional groups that have yet to be explored in the context of hydrogen bond donor molecular recognition such as silanediols.Although silanediols have been investigated in the context of self-assembly and have a long history of serving as monomers in materials chemistry, examples of silanediol based therapeutic agents and anion sensors have only recently been described in the literature.At the outset of our research program, there had been no reports of silanediols participating in hydrogen bond donor catalysis.The silanediol functionality offers a unique scaffold for the construction of a novel class of hydrogen bond donor catalysts.Guanidine, urea, and thiourea moieties make up a majority of the early dual hydrogen bond donor catalysis literature.It was then discovered that squaramides functioned well as hydrogen bond donor catalysts, and in some cases, provided improvement over more traditional (thio)urea catalysis.While numerous research programs existed aimed at improving the activity of (thio)urea hydrogen bond donor catalysts via manipulation of the substituents neighboring to the (thio)urea core, the introduction of squaramides demonstrated that gains could be made !
Improving Memory: A Role for Phosphodiesterases (2006)

During the last decennia, our understanding of the neurobiological processes underlying learning and memory has continuously improved, leading to the identification of targets for the development of memory-enhancing drugs. Here we review a class of drugs which has more recently been identified: the phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors. An overview is given of the different PDEs that are known and we focus on three PDEs which have been identified as possible relevant targets for memory improvement: PDE2, PDE4 and PDE5. PDEs differ in the substrate, i.e. cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and/or cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), being hydrolyzed. Since these cyclic nucleotides have been suggested to play distinct roles in processes of memory, selective PDE inhibitors preventing the breakdown of cAMP and/or cGMP could improve memory. The present data suggest that PDE4 (cAMP) is involved in acquisition processes, although a possible role in late consolidation processes cannot be excluded. PDE5 (cGMP) is involved in early consolidation processes. Since PDE2 inhibition affects both cAMP and cGMP, PDE2 inhibitors may improve both memory processes. The field of PDEs is highly dynamic and new isoforms of PDEs are still being described. This may lead to the discovery and development of new memory enhancing drugs that selectively inhibit such isoforms. Such drugs may exert their effects only in specific brain areas and hence possess an improved side effect profile.
Demonstration of RSOA-based remote modulation at 2.5 and 5 Gbit/s for WDM PON (2007)

This paper investigates the performance of a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier in a bidirectional wavelength-division multiplexed passive optical network at 2.5 and 5 Gbit/s over 20 and 15 dB link budget.
Experimental Infection of Horses with West Nile virus (2002)

A total of 12 horses of different breeds and ages were infected with West Nile virus (WNV) via the bites of infected Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Half the horses were infected with a viral isolate from the brain of a horse (BC787), and half were infected with an isolate from crow brain (NY99-6625); both were NY99 isolates. Postinfection, uninfected female Ae. albopictus fed on eight of the infected horses. In the first trial, Nt antibody titers reached >1:320, 1:20, 1:160, and 1:80 for horses 1 to 4, respectively. In the second trial, the seven horses with subclinical infections developed Nt antibody titers >1:10 between days 7 and 11 post infection. The highest viremia level in horses fed upon by the recipient mosquitoes was approximately 460 Vero cell PFU/mL. All mosquitoes that fed upon viremic horses were negative for the virus. Horses infected with the NY99 strain of WNV develop low viremia levels of short duration; therefore, infected horses are unlikely to serve as important amplifying hosts for WNV in nature.
Architectures de contrôleurs ultra-faible consommation pour noeuds de réseau de capteurs sans fil (2013)

National audience
An iteration method for controllability of semilinear parabolic equations (2010)

We present a method based on Picard's idea to construct a sequence of controls and a sequence of solutions of linearized systems such that their limits form a solution to the control problem. By doing this, we simplified the works in the references, and deduced the controllability for semilinear coupled parabolic systems.
Analysis of molecular and morphological characteristics of plants transformed with antifungal gene (1970)

A defensin gene isolated from chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), Ca-AFP in the background of pCAMBIA1301 was transferred into tobacco (Nicotiana tabaccum L. var. petit havana) genome following transformation using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404. Although all the explants showed GUS activity after co-cultivation, transgenic tobacco shoots were regenerated only from those explants cultured in presence of bacteriostatic antibiotic carbenicillin under hygromycin selection. Presence of the antifungal gene in the regenerated plants was confirmed by PCR, while integration of the whole T-DNA was demonstrated by southern blot hybridization. Furthermore, southern blot hybridization revealed that most of the transgenics contained single copy of the T-DNA while few were found to have multiple copies. Expression of the GUS and Ca-AFP genes in the transgenic plants was observed. Morphological analysis demonstrated that presence of the transgenes produced no morphological abnormality or yield discrepancy in the transgenics. Â Key words: Ca-AFP, Tobacco, Chickpea, Defensin peptide, Bacteriostatic antibiotics doi:10.3329/bjb.v36i1.1548 Bangladesh J. Bot. 36(1): 47-52, 2007 (June)
Evaluation of compound NXY-059 on cognitive impairment caused by sepsis (2013)

Background: Reliable surveillance methods are indispensable for benchmarking of healthcare-associated infection rates. The National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) recently introduced surveillance of ventilator-associated events (VAE), including ventilator-associated conditions (VAC) [1]. This new algorithm is amenable to automated implementation and strives for more consistent interpretation. We assess the feasibility and reliability of automated implementation. Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of an ICU cohort with prospective assessment of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in two academic medical centers (January 2011 to June 2012). The algorithm was electronically implemented as specified by the NHSN using minuteto-minute ventilator data. Two minor modifications were developed to improve stability and comparability with manual surveillance (10th percentile and intermittent ventilation). Concordance was assessed between the algorithms and prospective surveillance. Attributable mortality of VAC was estimated by multivariable competing-risk survival analysis. Results: Two thousand and eighty patients contributed 2,296 episodes of mechanical ventilation (MV). VAC incidence was 10.0/1,000 MV days. Prospective surveillance identified 8 VAP cases/1,000 MV days. The original VAC algorithm detected 32% (38/115) of patients affected by VAP; positive predictive value was 25% (38/152). Using the 10th percentile identified the same number of VAC cases, but only 116 were identical. VAC incidence was 24.9/1,000 MV days with the intermittent ventilation modification. Concordance between the original algorithm and the modified versions was suboptimal. Estimates of attributable mortality varied by implementation: original VAC subdistribution hazard ratio (sdHR) = 4.33, 10th percentile sdHR = 6.26 and intermittent ventilation sdHR = 2.40. Conclusions: Concordance between manual VAP surveillance and the VAE algorithm was poor. Although electronic implementation of the VAE algorithm was feasible, small variations considerably altered the events detected and their effect on mortality. Using the current specifications, comparability across institutions using different electronic or manual implementations remains questionable.
Reduction of hybrid silicon laser thermal impedance using Poly Si thermal shunts (2011)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. N. Sysak, H. Park, A. W. Fang, O. Raday, J. E. Bowers, and R. Jones, "Reduction of hybrid silicon laser thermal impedance using Poly Si thermal shunts," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference 2011, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2011), paper OWZ6. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
A thresholding method using the mixture of normal density functions (2002)

Thresholding techniques are fundamental for image segmentation. It is often realistic to assume that each pixel is subject to the mixture of several normal distributions. The paper proposes a criterion of thresholding a histogram of gray level intensity. It uses a new variance of the histogram. An algorithm which considers the tails of probability density functions of the other classes is also shown. The proposed method is experimentally compared with the Kittler-Illingworth method and the Otsu method. The proposed criterion and the Otsu one are effective in thresholding of handwritten characters. More accurate thresholds are obtained by the algorithm when the data comes from the mixture normal distribution, although the number of computations is increased.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Secondary Amino Alcohols: Traceless Cleavable Linkers for Use in Affinity Capture and Release (2020)

Abstract Capture and release of peptides is often a critical operation in the pathway to discovering materials with novel functions. However, the best methods for efficient capture impede facile release. To overcome this challenge, we report linkers based on secondary amino alcohols for the release of peptides after capture. These amino alcohols are based on serine (seramox) or isoserine (isoseramox) and can be incorporated into peptides during solid‐phase peptide synthesis through reductive amination. Both linkers are quantitatively cleaved within minutes under NaIO 4 treatment. Cleavage of isoseramox produced a native peptide N‐terminus. This linker also showed broad substrate compatibility; incorporation into a synthetic peptide library resulted in the identification of all sequences by nanoLC‐MS/MS. The linkers are cell compatible; a cell‐penetrating peptide that contained this linker was efficiently captured and identified after uptake into cells. These findings suggest that such secondary amino alcohol based linkers might be suitable tools for peptide‐discovery platforms.
On the Fibres of Mishchenko-Fomenko Systems (2020)

This work is concerned with Mishchenko and Fomenko's celebrated theory of completely integrable systems on a complex semisimple Lie algebra \mathfrak{g} . Their theory associates a maximal Poisson-commutative subalgebra of \mathbb{C}[\mathfrak{g}] to each regular element a\in\mathfrak{g} , and one can assemble free generators of this subalgebra into a moment map F_a:\mathfrak{g}\rightarrow\mathbb{C}^b . This leads one to pose basic structural questions about F_a and its fibres, e.g. questions concerning the singular points and irreducible components of such fibres. We examine the structure of fibres in Mishchenko-Fomenko systems, building on the foundation laid by Bolsinov, Charbonnel-Moreau, Moreau, and others. This includes proving that the critical values of F_a have codimension 1 or 2 in \mathbb{C}^b , and that each codimension is achievable in examples. Our results on singularities make use of a subalgebra \mathfrak{b}^a\subseteq\mathfrak{g} , defined to be the intersection of all Borel subalgebras of \mathfrak{g} containing a . In the case of a non-nilpotent a\in\mathfrak{g}_{\mathrm{reg}} and an element x\in\mathfrak{b}^a , we prove the following: x+[\mathfrak{b}^a,\mathfrak{b}^a] lies in the singular locus of F_a^{-1}(F_a(x)) , and the fibres through points in \mathfrak{b}^a form a \text{rank}(\mathfrak{g}) -dimensional family of singular fibres. We next consider the irreducible components of our fibres, giving a systematic way to construct many components via Mishchenko-Fomenko systems on Levi subalgebras \mathfrak{l}\subseteq\mathfrak{g} . In addition, we obtain concrete results on irreducible components that do not arise from the aforementioned construction. Our final main result is a recursive formula for the number of irreducible components in F_a^{-1}(0) , and it generalizes a result of Charbonnel-Moreau. Illustrative examples are included at the end of this paper.
Quality of Life and Related Factors in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Advanced Lung Cancer: A Longitudinal Study (2014)

Applying a systematic assessment of changes in QOL and developing comprehensive interventions with self-efficacy training and symptom management are strongly recommended for clinical care to improve the QOL of patients with advanced lung cancer.
Magnetic properties of nanostructured wires deposited on the side edge of patterned thin film (2000)

In the present study, magnetic nanowires with various cross-sectional dimensions have been fabricated by evaporating a magnetic material on the side edges of the patterned nonmagnetic thin film. The method allows the lengths of the two short axes to be defined precisely by controlling the thickness of the oxide (Wx) and magnetic material (Wy). The MFM images of the produced Co wires (2 μm length) with dimensions of Wx=Wy=200 nm and Wx=Wy=50 nm present the single domain configuration. The MFM and magnetoresistance (MR) measurement demonstrate that the longitudinal magnetization switching field increases with the decrease of Wx and Wy, which becomes 1.3 kOe for wires with Wx=Wy=50 nm. The profile of the MR hysteresis suggests that considerable coherent rotation takes place before the irreversible longitudinal switching. Transverse saturation fields larger than 6 kOe were measured in the orthogonal two short axis directions, which confirms the successful fabrication of three-dimensional wires with comparable cross-sectional dimensions.
Incidence of Respiratory Virus Infection (RVI) in a Prospective Cohort of Lung Transplant Recipien Incidence of Respiratory Virus Infection (RVI) in a Prospective Cohort of Lung Transplant Recipients (LTR) (2012)

Objective: To determine the incidence of RVI in a prospective cohort of LTR Methods: Patients that received a single or double lung allograft and were discharged of our Hospital from May-09 to April-11. Patients that lived in areas that couldn't come to the Hospital if they had RVI symptomatology were excluded. We assessed the presence of respiratory virus by nasal swabs, by RT-PCR, using the technique of amplifying multiple ligation-dependent probe and hybridization (MLPA) (PathoFinder). The assay detects 14 RV. Respiratory samples were obtained in: upper (URI) or lower (LRI) respiratory tract infections, acute (AR) or chronic rejection and in asymptomatic recipients during the fall, winter and spring. Patients were phone called weekly asking for respiratory symptoms. In the case of a symptomatic patient two follow-up controls were performed. Results: 130 LTR have been included (98 double, 32 single), mean age 46.7 y (37-57). One hundred episodes of RVI were diagnosed in 130 patients. Twenty-two patients were asymptomatic recipients (22%).URVI was diagnosed in 43 out of 70 episodes (61.4%) in 65 patients. Etiological agents: Rhinovirus (23; 53%), Coronavirus (10; 23%) (229E-n=8; OC43-n=2), Parainfluenza (6; 13%) (PIV 1, 2, 3 -n=2), Metapneumovirus (4; 9%), Influenza AH1N1 (2; 4%), VRS (1; 2%). Four LTR (9.3%) had coinfections: Rhinovirus + coronavirus, Rhinovirus + H1N1. LRI (pneumonia) was due to VRS and adenovirus and had good clinical evolution. In 13 (30%) of 43 patients who have had RVI (Rhinovirus 8, Coronavirus 229E 5), control samples at 4 w of the episode remain positive. AR has not been established during or after the episode of RVI. Conclusions: RVI in lung transplant recipients is very common affecting almost at half of our cohort. Rhinovirus and Coronavirus 229E were the prevalent virus. In one third of the patients there was a persistence of virus, at least after four weeks of the episode
Rapid Determination of Apparent Activation Energies in Chemical Vapor Deposition (1983)

Laser induced chemical vapor deposition is a powerful tool for rapid determination of apparent chemical activation energies. The method is demonstrated for the case of pyrolytic carbon which was deposited from at various gas pressures, and we find apparent activation energies of .
Physico-chemical characteristics of seed oils extracted from different apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) varieties from Pakistan (2012)

The fruit seed oils from four varieties of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.), namely, Halmas, Nari, Travet and Charmagzi were analyzed for different physico-chemical characteristics. The oil yield from the apricot seeds (kernels) ranged from 32.23-42.51%, while the protein, fiber and ash contents ranged from 13.21-20.90%, 5.13-9.81% and 2.11-3.89%, respectively. The extracted oils had an average iodine value (g of I/100 g of oil) of 96.4-106.3; density at 24 °C, 0.87-0.93 mg/mL; refractive index (40 °C), 1.4655-1.4790; saponification value, 189.1-199.4 mg of KOH/g oil; unsaponifiable matter, 0.59-0.88%; free fatty acid (mg of KOH/g oil), 0.41-1.28; and color (1-inch cell), 1.31-2.96R 1 14.8-29.8Y. With regard to the oxidation state, the tested oils showed values for specific extinction at 232 and 268 nm, 2.30-3.42 and 0.82-1.04, respectively, while the peroxide value was 1.0-2.32 meq O2/kg and, p-anisidine was 1.22-1.90. The major fatty acid found in the oils was oleic acid (62.34-80.97%) followed by linoleic (13.13-30.33%), palmitic (3.35-5.93%), linolenic (0.73-1.03%) and stearic (1.10-1.68%) acids. The contents of α-, γ-, and δ-, tocopherols in the oils ranged from 14.8-40.4, 330.8-520.8 and 28.5-60.2 mg/kg, respectively. The results of our present investigation revealed that apricot seed is a potential source of oil which can be used both for edible and oleochemical applications.
Protease Modulation of the Activity of the Epithelial Sodium Channel Expressed in Xenopus Oocytes (1998)

We have investigated the effect of extracellular proteases on the amiloride-sensitive Na+ current (INa) in Xenopus oocytes expressing the three subunits alpha, beta, and gamma of the rat or Xenopus epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC). Low concentrations of trypsin (2 microg/ml) induced a large increase of INa within a few minutes, an effect that was fully prevented by soybean trypsin inhibitor, but not by amiloride. A similar effect was observed with chymotrypsin, but not with kallikrein. The trypsin-induced increase of INa was observed with Xenopus and rat ENaC, and was very large (approximately 20-fold) with the channel obtained by coexpression of the alpha subunit of Xenopus ENaC with the beta and gamma subunits of rat ENaC. The effect of trypsin was selective for ENaC, as shown by the absence of effect on the current due to expression of the K+ channel ROMK2. The effect of trypsin was not prevented by intracellular injection of EGTA nor by pretreatment with GTP-gammaS, suggesting that this effect was not mediated by G proteins. Measurement of the channel protein expression at the oocyte surface by antibody binding to a FLAG epitope showed that the effect of trypsin was not accompanied by an increase in the channel protein density, indicating that proteolysis modified the activity of the channel present at the oocyte surface rather than the cell surface expression. At the single channel level, in the cell-attached mode, more active channels were observed in the patch when trypsin was present in the pipette, while no change in channel activity could be detected when trypsin was added to the bath solution around the patch pipette. We conclude that extracellular proteases are able to increase the open probability of the epithelial sodium channel by an effect that does not occur through activation of a G protein-coupled receptor, but rather through proteolysis of a protein that is either a constitutive part of the channel itself or closely associated with it.
A generalized interpolative VQ method for jointly optimal quantization and interpolation of images (2002)

We discuss the problem of reconstruction of a high resolution image from a lower resolution image by a jointly optimum interpolative vector quantization method. The interpolative vector quantizer maps quantized low dimensional 2/spl times/2 image blocks to higher dimensional 4/spl times/4 blocks by a table lookup method. As a special case of generalized vector quantization (GVQ), a jointly optimal quantizer and interpolator (GIVQ) is introduced to find the corresponding code books for the low and high resolution image. In order to incorporate the nearest neighborhood constraint on the quantizer and also to obtain the desired distortion in the interpolated image, a deterministic annealing based optimization technique has been applied. With a small interpolation example, we demonstrate the superior performance of this method over nonlinear interpolative vector quantization (NLIVQ), in which the interpolator is optimized for a given input quantizer.
Artificial Intelligence Trends Based on the Patents Granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (2020)

This paper analyzes artificial intelligence (AI)-related patents that were granted by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) between January 2008 and December 2018. The study used both the USPTO patent classification systems and a keyword-based search to obtain AI-related patent information. By considering the AI-related patents, growth in AI-related research and development (R&D) activities, as well as AI trends during the period, are investigated. The leading countries and companies in AI and widely used techniques and applications of AI in each region are identified in order to evaluate the level of attention paid to AI in different countries and industries.