gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MicroRNAs miR-146a/b negatively modulate the senescence-associated inflammatory mediators IL-6 and IL-8 (2009)

Senescence is a cellular program that irreversibly arrests the proliferation of damaged cells and induces the secretion of the inflammatory mediators IL- 6 and IL-8 which are part of a larger senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP). We screened quiescent and senescent human fibroblasts for differentially expressed microRNAS (miRNAs) and found that miRNAs 146a and 146b (miR-146a/b) were significantly elevated during senescence. We suggest that delayed miR-146a/b induction might be a compensatory response to restrain inflammation. Indeed, ectopic expression of miR-146a/b in primary human fibroblasts suppressed IL-6 and IL-8 secretion and downregulated IRAK1, a crucial component of the IL-1 receptor signal transduction pathway. Cells undergoing senescence without induction of a robust SASP did not express miR-146a/b. Further, IL-1alpha neutralizing antibodies abolished both miR-146a/b expression and IL-6 secretion. Our findings expand the biological contexts in which miRNA-146a/b modulates inflammatory responses. They suggest that IL-1 receptor signaling initiates both miR-146a/b upregulation and cytokine secretion, and that miR-146a/b is expressed in response to rising inflammatory cytokine levels as part of a negative feedback loop that restrains excessive SASP activity.
Cyclo-Olefin polymer direct bonding using low temperature plasma activation bonding (2005)

Low temperature direct bonding method of Cyclo-Olefin Polymer (COP) plates (20mm /spl times/ 40mm /spl times/ 2.0mm) has been developed employing surface plasma treatment with various gases such as N/sub 2/, O/sub 2/, and 10%-H/sub 2//Ar. Surface energy of the bonded interface has been measured by razor blade method. Reasonable bonding strength for flow devices was achieved even at room temperature. The contact angle measurement on the sample surfaces after plasma exposure indicated that the plasma activated surfaces became hydrophilic and this activated state lasted for longer than 2 months. This method is useful to fabricate micro-flow devices for single-molecule level optical bio-detection systems that requires less residual stress and deformation after bonding.
Prevalence of Sickle Cell Trait and Reliability of Self-Reported Status among Expectant Parents in Nigeria: Implications for Targeted Newborn Screening (2016)

Low numbers of accurate parental self-reports, coupled with a high SCT prevalence in Nigeria, could limit the efficacy of targeted newborn screening. However, our data indicate that it is feasible to integrate sickle cell screening for pregnant women with existing, community-based health care programs developed by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), such as the HBI. Expanding screening programs could enable the development of targeted newborn screening based on maternal genotype that could identify all newborns with SCD in resource-limited settings.
Near infrared photoluminescence modulation of single-walled carbon nanotubes based on a molecular recognition approach (2016)

We present a concept to modulate near infrared photoluminescence (NIR-PL) from locally-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (local-f-SWNTs) based on a molecular recognition approach using newly synthesized phenylboronic acid (PB)-functionalized local-f-SWNTs (PB-SWNTs) and saccharides, in which a selective PL spectral shift is observed by addition of the saccharides.
Left occipital craniotomy for resection of falcotentorial meningioma (2017)

A 49-year-old man presented with headache and cognitive difficulty. MRI demonstrated a meningioma in the falcotentorial region with compression of the internal cerebral veins, basal veins of Rosenthal, and vein of Galen. It was a removed via a left-sided occipital interhemispheric approach, performed with the patient in the lateral position. After tumor debulking and removal of its attachment to the tentorium and anterior falx, the tumor was resected. All venous structures were preserved. The video demonstrates the technical nuances and strategy for removal of tumors in a region with complicated venous anatomy that must be preserved. The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/wKqAn3dYu4E .
Atomically Thin MoS 2 : A New Direct-Gap Semiconductor (2010)

The electronic properties of ultrathin crystals of molybdenum disulfide consisting of N=1,2,…,6 S-Mo-S monolayers have been investigated by optical spectroscopy. Through characterization by absorption, photoluminescence, and photoconductivity spectroscopy, we trace the effect of quantum confinement on the material's electronic structure. With decreasing thickness, the indirect band gap, which lies below the direct gap in the bulk material, shifts upwards in energy by more than 0.6 eV. This leads to a crossover to a direct-gap material in the limit of the single monolayer. Unlike the bulk material, the MoS₂ monolayer emits light strongly. The freestanding monolayer exhibits an increase in luminescence quantum efficiency by more than a factor of 10⁴ compared with the bulk material.
Age-dependent presence of antibodies in rat dams, capable of conferring protection against group BStreptococcusinfection in neonates (2001)

A rat model was used to investigate maternal age-dependent resistance on group B Streptococcus (GBS)-induced mortality of the offspring. Offspring from young (first time) or older (repeat litters) dams were challenged with GBS. There was an approximate log difference in the dose of GBS required to cause identical levels of mortality in the two groups. The sera of the dams from both groups were analysed by whole-cell ELISA, and it was demonstrated that sera from the older dams possessed circulating IgG cross-reactive to GBS. Since IgG is transplacentally transferred, we conclude that this is the method of observed protection.
A Protocol for Network-based Localized Mobility Management (2007)

This document suggests a localized mobility solution controlled by the
network within a local mobility domain. The proposed solution is based
on Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIP) technique and employs a PMIP client that
generates a Proxy Binding Update message. The solution allows for a
clean separation between the bearer and signaling paths, and reuse of
MIPv6 home agent as the local mobility anchor. The security
association between the network elements for executing the local
mobility is also discussed.
Learning from Fungus Allergy in Atopic Dermatitis Patients. (2000)

It has been recognized that there are considerable variations in their skin reactivity to environmental allergens as well as in immunoreactivities, even in AD patients with similar signs and symptoms. Some AD patients have high serum IgE antibody levels, while others show low levels. There are also differences in the kinds of triggering factors that are related to the development and maintenance of AD, e.g., allergic or non-allergic. Even among AD patients with high titers of serum IgE antibodies, the kinds and number of allergens involved in the exacerbation of AD are different and can change with time. The types of the underlying allergic reactions vary as well, i.e., some show immediate reactions, while others show delayed type hypersensitivity responses to environmental allergens. Thus, even AD patients diagnosed by the established criteria may have remarkably different backgrounds. When we looked over our published data, we noticed that there were differences in levels of IgE RAST and skin reactions between AD with atopic respiratory diseases (ARD) and pure AD without ARD. Levels of IgE RAST against airborne allergens, which come into the body mainly through the respiratory tract, were higher in AD with ARD, while those against allergens such as Candida albicans and Malassezia furfur, which can colonize on the skin, were higher in pure AD. In addition to these Th2-mediated immunological abnormalities, Th1-mediated DTH reaction and lymphocyte proliferation indices against airborne allergens were remarkably low in AD with ARD, whereas those against Candida albicans and Malassezia furfur were relatively preserved, although they were lower than those found in normal subjects. We understand from these findings that routes of allergen entry are important for the outcome of the resultant allergic reactions. This point of view is important answering questions such as how AD develops and how it can be prevented from the insults of each allergen.
The production of antimicrobial compounds by British marine algae. IV. Variation of antimicrobial activity with algal generation (1985)

Using Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as test organisms, various life-cycle phases of 22 species of British marine algae were screened for antimicrobial activity. The species examined were members of the three major seaweed groups: Rhodophyta, Phaeophyta and Chlorophyta. The growth forms of the two species of Chlorophyta investigated exhibited no variation in activity and of the 10 species of Phaeophyta examined, only the growth forms of Alaria esculenta showed a significant variation in the levels of antimicrobial activity—the sterile parts of the thallus being active whilst the reproductive sporophylls were inactive. the different growth phases of seven of the 10 species of Rhodophyta screened showed no significant differences in their antibiotic content. However, Plocamium cartilagineum and Gracilaria verrucosa produced cystocarpic plants with enhanced antibacterial properties, whilst the tetrasporic phase of Bonnemaisonia hamifera possessed considerably more activity than the gametophytic generations.
The Invisible QR Code (2015)

QR (Quick Response) Codes are widely used as a convenient unidirectional communication channel to convey information, such as emails, hyperlinks, or phone numbers, from publicity materials to mobile devices. But the QR Code is not visually appealing and takes up valuable space of publicity materials. In this paper, we propose a new method to embed QR Code on digital screen via temporal psychovisual modulation (TPVM). By exploiting the difference between human eyes and semiconductor imaging sensors in temporal convolution of optical signals, we make QR Code perceptually transparent to human but detectable for mobile devices. Based on the idea of invisible QR Code, many applications can be implemented, e.g., "physical hyperlink" for something interesting on TV or digital signage , "invisible watermark" for anti-piracy in theater. A prototype system introduced in this paper serves as a proof-of-concept of the invisible QR Code and can be improved in future works.
Oil-Free Foil Bearings as a Reliable, High Performance Backup Bearing for Active Magnetic Bearings (2002)

Gas turbine engines and other high speed rotating machinery supported by magnetic bearings require some form of backup bearing to ensure reliable and safe operation. To date, this backup capability has been provided by either rolling element bearings or solid lubricated bushings. Both of these solutions have drawbacks — must notably limited life and uncertain dynamic performance. In many cases, the backup bearing system requires substantial maintenance following an activation event. An alternative approach investigated in this work is the use of a compliant foil bearing as a backup bearing. This work discusses tests of this concept on a test rig with a 63 kg rotor. In this application, the foil bearing demonstrated smooth, stable operation during a variety of simulated magnetic bearing failure events, and allowed for continued operation of the rotor following the simulated failures.
Development and Validation of a Smartphone Heart Rate Acquisition Application for Health Promotion and Wellness Telehealth Applications (2012)

Objective. Current generation smartphones' video camera technologies enable photoplethysmographic (PPG) acquisition and heart rate (HR) measurement. The study objective was to develop an Android application and compare HRs derived from a Motorola Droid to electrocardiograph (ECG) and Nonin 9560BT pulse oximeter readings during various movement-free tasks. Materials and Methods. HRs were collected simultaneously from 14 subjects, ages 20 to 58, healthy or with clinical conditions, using the 3 devices during 5-minute periods while at rest, reading aloud under observation, and playing a video game. Correlation between the 3 devices was determined, and Bland-Altman plots for all possible pairs of devices across all conditions assessed agreement. Results. Across conditions, all device pairs showed high correlations. Bland-Altman plots further revealed the Droid as a valid measure for HR acquisition. Across all conditions, the Droid compared to ECG, 95% of the data points (differences between devices) fell within the limits of agreement. Conclusion. The Android application provides valid HRs at varying levels of movement free mental/perceptual motor exertion. Lack of electrode patches or wireless sensor telemetric straps make it advantageous for use in mobile-cell-phone-delivered health promotion and wellness programs. Further validation is needed to determine its applicability while engaging in physical movement-related activities.
Response of Soil Organic Carbon, pH, Electrical Conductivity, and Water Stable Aggregates to Long‐Term Annual Manure and Inorganic Fertilizer (2018)

Core Ideas Long‐term annual application of manure maintained the soil pH but inorganic fertilizer decreased it. Manure application increased soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN). Higher manure rate helps in improving the water stable aggregates compared to inorganic fertilizer at 0‐ to 10‐cm depth. Manure enhances soil fertility and crop yield; however, an optimum rate of manure application is important to avoid any negative impacts to soils and the environment. This study was conducted to assess the long‐term impacts of manure and inorganic fertilizer rates on soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), water stable aggregate (WSA), pH, and electrical conductivity (EC) under corn ( Zea mays L.)‐soybean ( Glycine max L.) rotation at Beresford (established in 2003) and Brookings (established in 2008), South Dakota (SD). Study treatments included low (LM), medium (MM) and high (HM) manure, medium (MF) and high (HF) inorganic fertilizer, and control (CK). Soil samples were extracted from four replicates at 0‐ to 10‐cm, 10‐ to 20‐cm, 20‐ to 30‐cm and 30‐ to 40‐cm depths from either site in 2015. Results showed that manure application maintained the soil pH at 0 to 10 cm depth; whereas, inorganic fertilizer decreased it compared to the control treatment at either site. The highest SOC concentrations at 0‐ to 10‐cm depth were observed under HM (38.3 g kg –1 ) as compared to that under MM (30.9 g kg –1 ), LM (27.6 g kg –1 ), MF application (24.0 g kg –1 ), HF (25.8 g kg –1 ) and CK (23.3 g kg –1 ). Furthermore, HM treatment significantly increased SOC for each depth increment from 0‐ to 40‐cm compared to the inorganic fertilizer at either site. A similar trend was observed for the TN but differences were not always significant. On an average, manure increased the EC (1.56 dS m –1 ) by 2.2 times compared to that of fertilizer (0.71 dS m –1 ) for 0‐ to 10‐cm depth. Similarly, manure significantly increased WSA by 7.2 and 5.6% compared to that of fertilizer at 0‐ to 10‐cm depth for Brookings and Beresford, respectively. Data from this study concluded that the long‐term annual application of manure improved selected soil properties compared to that of inorganic fertilizer.
A novel circuit for non-contact charging through electro-magnetic coupling (2003)

A DC-to-DC power converter suitable for noncontact charging a rechargeable cell using electromagnetic coupling is presented. The circuit is a self-oscillated class C DC-to-DC power converter, for reducing the switching loss and the core loss of the transformer. Zero voltage switching is realized by a resonance of the parasitic parameters of the transformer. Through electromagnetic coupling using this class C converter, a noncontact battery charger of 86% efficiency has been achieved, under input and output voltages of 140 V and 6 V, respectively.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Contactless haptic feedback: state of the art (2015)

This paper discusses some of the recent advances in contactless haptic feedback. We mainly discuss two research methods to produce haptic feedback in 3D space: Air-jet and ultrasound. We discuss and compare technical basics of each technology, and then give a literature review of some of the research done that is closely related to this field. This paper also surveys the stages of the design and implementation of airborne ultrasonic tactile displays (AUTD) by researchers in the University of Tokyo, as well as an application of this research done in the University of Bristol. A comparison is presented showing the main advances in the Tokyo research and the technical tests and implementation differences. A discussion follows covering possible improvements and safety issues on the contactless haptic feedback research in general. We show comments and drawbacks of the current technology. For future work in the field of mid-air haptic feedback, we propose a design method to build a "Touchable Avatar", which is a holographic display with contactless haptic feedback properties. Finally, a conclusion is provided including an outlook of the future applications in the field of contactless haptic feedback.
Network synchronization, diffusion, and the paradox of heterogeneity (2005)

Many complex networks display strong heterogeneity in the degree (connectivity) distribution. Heterogeneity in the degree distribution often reduces the average distance between nodes but, paradoxically, may suppress synchronization in networks of oscillators coupled symmetrically with uniform coupling strength. Here we offer a solution to this apparent paradox. Our analysis is partially based on the identification of a diffusive process underlying the communication between oscillators and reveals a striking relation between this process and the condition for the linear stability of the synchronized states. We show that, for a given degree distribution, the maximum synchronizability is achieved when the network of couplings is weighted and directed and the overall cost involved in the couplings is minimum. This enhanced synchronizability is solely determined by the mean degree and does not depend on the degree distribution and system size. Numerical verification of the main results is provided for representative classes of small-world and scale-free networks.
Backscatter radio communication for IoT applications (2018)

The so called Internet of Things (IoT) is progressively becoming a normal thing in everyone daily lives. The desire of connecting everyday objects to the internet and to each other, to interact with other users and machines, is increasingly becoming a reality. In this context, where billions of connected objects are expected to be ubiquitously deployed worldwide, the frequent battery maintenance of wireless nodes is undesirable or even impossible. The growth of the devices will be made possible only if the sensors battery needs are eliminated or reduced significantly. For low power sensors and devices, careful power management and power conservation are critical to device lifetime and effectiveness. One of the possible solutions is to change completely the paradigm of the radio transceivers in the wireless nodes of the IoT system. The new paradigm should be able to communicate and to enhance the power to the sensor by using only electromagnetic waveforms transmitted over the air, in order to make the Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) concept a reality.
Virus-specific T-cell therapy in solid organ transplantation (2015)

This article reviews the current state of T-cell therapy as therapeutic option for virus-associated diseases against the background of the most common viral complications and their standard treatment regimens after SOT. The available data of clinical T-cell trials in SOT are summarized. References to the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are made if applicable data in SOT are not available and their content was considered likewise valid for cell therapy in SOT. Moreover, aspects of different manufacturing approaches including beneficial product characteristics and the importance of GMP compliance are addressed.
Extension of First-Order Stable Spline Kernel to Encode Relative Degree (2017)

This paper focuses on the kernel-based system identification methods, which estimate the impulse response of the target system in the Bayesian estimation framework. This paper discusses about continuous-time systems, and proposes a new kernel based on a prior that the relative degree of the target system is higher than or equal to two. Such a prior is identical to a prior on the continuity of the impulse response at time zero. The proposed kernel is an extension of the first-order Stable Spline kernel, which is one of the most famous kernels. Numerical examples are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed kernel.
Nucleotide Deoxysugars: Essential Tools for the Glycosylation Engineering of Novel Bioactive Compounds (2005)

The irreversible spread of new resistance mechanisms against existing therapeutical antibiotics has led to the development of technologies and strategies for the glycosylation engineering of novel antibiotics. Amino-, C-branched and O-methylated 6-deoxyhexoses play a favourite role in the biosynthesis of clinically important antibiotics like tylosin, erythromycin or oleandomycin and are essential for the antibiotic activity. They are transferred onto the aglycon by glycosyltransferases using dTDP-activated deoxyhexoses. The in vitro biochemical characterization of the biosynthetic enzymes and the glycosyltransferases are, however, hampered due to the poor synthetic access to dTDP-activated deoxysugars and their biosynthetic intermediates. The overcoming of the poor availability of dTDP-activated sugars was the target of several researchers to fulfil their distinct aims with these sugars which were mostly involved in the synthesis of different biological active compounds. Several completely different strategies were used in the past years to improve the availability of dTDP-activated deoxysugars, varying from complete enzymatic synthesis via syntheses using reaction technology for yield optimization to full organic synthesis or shortcuts like the decomposition of commercially available antibiotics and later chemical activation of the sugar moieties. This review gives a survey of the synthesis of dTDP-activated sugars by chemical and chemoenzymatic approaches and discusses the promiscuity of glycosyltransferases to evaluate the chances for applying them for the production of new bioactive compounds. It summarizes the most important enzymes in the field of synthesis using biosynthetic pathway enzymes and describes solutions for occurring challenges during application. Finally, this review will give a survey about the availability of dTDP-activated sugars in sufficient scale and will also point at important sugars which are still bottlenecks and difficult to synthesize and therefore should become a target for enhanced research efforts.
Mechanisms of dentin sensitivity. (1990)

This article reviews dentin sensitivity from a mechanistic perspective beginning with short treatments of pulpal innervation, the hydrodynamic considerations of dentin, and how various stimuli may cause pain. Speculation is raised about the contribution of bacteria and their products on dentin sensitivity and how dentin might become truly hypersensitive, especially following periodontal therapy. Wherever possible, the clinical considerations of basic research is stressed.