gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Repeat trial and breath averaging: Recommendations for research of VO2 kinetics of exercise transitions to steady-state (2019)

Multiple-breath and multiple-trial averaging have been used extensively in research of oxygen uptake kinetics to steady-state. However, specific guidelines outlining correct levels of averaging have not been discussed. The aim of this study was to assess error differences using multiple-trial and multiple-breath averaging systems, and make recommendations for future VO 2 kinetics research. Eight male subjects were recruited for this study. Following a maximal cycle test to ascertain each subject’s ventilation threshold, eight identical repetition cycling exercise bouts were administered. The bouts consisted of 6-minute at 85% of the subject’s ventilation threshold. Firstly, multiple-trial and multiple-breath data were processed using traditional methods. As well, data were fit using a mono-exponential model to derive tau. Data for all levels of multiple-trial and multiple-breath methods were compared to an 8-trial and 13-breath average, respectively. Reduction in error from the 3-trial average and a 3-breath average represented ∼68% and ∼70% of total error reduction, respectively. Tau tended to increase with increasing breath averaging and decrease with increasing trial averaging. There is negligible benefit to averaging more than 3 repeat trials in VO 2 kinetics research. Breath averaging beyond 3-breaths artificially increases tau.
An International Survey of Quality and Safety Programs in Radiology (2020)

There is considerable diversity in the quality programs used throughout the world, despite some influence by national and international organizations, from whom further guidance could increase uniformity and optimize patient care in radiology.
Observation of Precipitates and Metallographic Grain Orientation in Steel by a Non-aqueous Electrolyte-Potentiostatic Etching Method (1979)

A new potentiostatic etching method using non-aqueous solutions as an electrolyte (Selective Potentiostatic Etching by Electrolytic Dissolution: abridged as SPEED Method) has been developed and applied to the observation and analysis of precipitates and metallographic grain orientation in steel samples. By the proposed SPEED Method, samples are etched at the predetermined constant electrolytical potential in non-aqueous solutions such as 10% acetylacetone-1% tetramethylammonium chloride-methyl alcohol and 3% nitric acid-2% perchloric acid-methyl alcohol. Precipitates and micro facet pits are observed and analyzed by analytical instruments such as OM, SEM and XMA, after the etched surface of the sample were washed with methyl alcohol.The advantages of the SPEED Method are as follows.(1) In situ observation of unstable precipitates in good contrast in the microstructure of the steel sample.(2) Easy estimation of the relationship between precipitates and metallographic grain orientation by a simultaneous observation of precipitates and micro facet pits. Size of facet pits are easily controlled in the range of 10 to 0.5 μm by controlled electrolytical potential.(3) Three dimentional observation of precipitates with various etching depths, controlled by the quantity of electricity.(4) Easy identification and accurate analysis of precipitates with no contamination of sample surface, easily judged by red-color of the iron chelate compound.
Axial and azimuthal angle determination with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: thiophenol on copper, silver, and gold metal surfaces (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAxial and azimuthal angle determination with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: thiophenol on copper, silver, and gold metal surfacesKeith T. Carron and L. Gayle HurleyCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 24, 9979–9984Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/j100177a068RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2203Altmetric-Citations237LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (700 KB) Get e-Alerts
Management Event Management Information Base (MIB) for PacketCable- and IPCablecom-Compliant Devices (2009)

This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community.In particular, it defines a basic set of managed objects for Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)-based management of events that can be generated by PacketCable-and IPCablecom-compliant Multimedia Terminal Adapter devices.
Seismic resilience assessment and adaptation of the Northern Chilean power system (2017)

Even though the concept of resilience is becoming widely used in electric power systems, there is no consensus on how to systematically model or quantify it. This article begins by proposing a classification for different types of system risk analyses, associating them to the concept of power systems resilience. Thereafter, it describes and applies a resilience assessment and adaptation framework to the Northern Chilean electric power system in the context of its exposure to seismic events. This time-dependent analysis is evaluated throughout the disaster's impact and the network's operation and restoration timeframes with two indices: Energy not Supplied and Energy Index of Unreliability. Finally, the article compares a base case with three resilience adaptation strategies, namely, robust, redundant and responsive cases, in terms of their expected energy annual loss and the return period of different levels of network performance.
Criteria for identifying wound infection (1994)

Relying on traditional indicators of wound infection may cause delay in detection. The authors of this paper provide additional criteria that help identify infection in granulating wounds.
Tumor Cell Escape from Therapy-Induced Senescence as a Model of Disease Recurrence after Dormancy (2019)

Senescence, a durable form of growth arrest, represents a primary response to numerous anticancer therapies. Although the paradigm that senescence is "irreversible" has largely withstood the findings of tumor cell recovery from what has been termed "pseudo-senescence" or "senescence-like arrest," a review of the literature suggests that therapy-induced senescence in tumor cells is not obligatorily a permanent cell fate. Consequently, we propose that senescence represents one avenue whereby tumor cells evade the direct cytotoxic impact of therapy, thereby allowing for prolonged survival in a dormant state, with the potential to recover self-renewal capacity and contribute to disease recurrence.
No Reference Evaluation of Image Quality Based on Structure Self-Similarity and Wavelet Transform Coefficients (2010)

Image quality evaluation is an important topic in image processing. In the paper, a novel no reference image quality evaluation algorithm is introduced, which is based on wavelet transform (WT), information entropy and structure self-similarity (SSS). The algorithm composes of two steps. The first step is separating image into blocks equally based on the self-similarity. And then, wavelet transform coefficients in different layers were used to calculate the information entropy, which is the evaluation criterion of image quality. Experiment results show the excellent effect of the algorithm without any reference image.
CO2decomposition using electrochemical process in molten salts (2012)

The electrochemical decomposition of CO2 gas to carbon and oxygen gas in LiCl-Li2O and CaCl2-CaO molten salts was studied. This process consists of electrochemical reduction of Li2O and CaO, as well as the thermal reduction of CO2 gas by the respective metallic Li and Ca. Two kinds of ZrO2 solid electrolytes were tested as an oxygen ion conductor, and the electrolytes removed oxygen ions from the molten salts to the outside of the reactor. After electrolysis in both salts, the aggregations of nanometer-scale amorphous carbon and rod-like graphite crystals were observed by transmission electron microscopy. When 9.7 %CO2-Ar mixed gas was blown into LiCl-Li2O and CaCl2-CaO molten salts, the current efficiency was evaluated to be 89.7 % and 78.5 %, respectively, by the exhaust gas analysis and the supplied charge. When a solid electrolyte with higher ionic conductivity was used, the current and carbon production became larger. It was found that the rate determining step is the diffusion of oxygen ions into the ZrO2 solid electrolyte.
Prediction of enzymatic pathways by integrative pathway mapping (2018)

The functions of most proteins are yet to be determined. The function of an enzyme is often defined by its interacting partners, including its substrate and product, and its role in larger metabolic networks. Here, we describe a computational method that predicts the functions of orphan enzymes by organizing them into a linear metabolic pathway. Given candidate enzyme and metabolite pathway members, this aim is achieved by finding those pathways that satisfy structural and network restraints implied by varied input information, including that from virtual screening, chemoinformatics, genomic context analysis, and ligand -binding experiments. We demonstrate this integrative pathway mapping method by predicting the L-gulonate catabolic pathway in <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> Rd KW20. The prediction was subsequently validated experimentally by enzymology, crystallography, and metabolomics. Integrative pathway mapping by satisfaction of structural and network restraints is extensible to molecular networks in general and thus formally bridges the gap between structural biology and systems biology.
The oleocanthal-based homovanillyl sinapate as a novel c-Met inhibitor (2016)

The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-Met) signaling axis has gained considerable attention as an attractive molecular target for therapeutic blockade of cancer. Inspired by the chemical structure of S (-)-oleocanthal, a natural secoiridoid from extra-virgin olive oil with documented anticancer activity against c-Met-dependent malignancies, the research presented herein reports on the discovery of the novel olive-derived homovanillyl sinapate (HVS) as a promising c-Met inhibitor. HVS was distinguished for its remarkable potency against wild-type c-Met and its oncogenic variant in cell-free assays and confirmed by in silico docking studies. Furthermore, HVS substantially impaired the c-Met-mediated growth across a broad spectrum of breast cancer cells, while similar treatment doses had no effect on the non-tumorigenic mammary epithelial cell growth. In addition, HVS caused a dose-dependent inhibition of HGF-induced, but not epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced, cell scattering in addition to HGF-mediated migration, invasion, and 3-dimensional (3D) proliferation of tumor cell spheroids. HVS treatment effects were mediated via inhibition of ligand-mediated c-Met activation and its downstream mitogenic signaling and blocking molecular mediators involved in cellular motility across different cellular contexts. An interesting feature of HVS is its good selectivity for c-Met and Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 (ABL1) when profiled against a panel of kinases. Docking studies revealed interactions likely to impart high dual affinity for both ABL1 and c-Met kinases. HVS markedly reduced tumor growth, showed excellent pharmacodynamics, and suppressed cell proliferation and microvessel density in an orthotopic model of triple negative breast cancer. Collectively, the present findings suggested that the oleocanthal-based HVS is a promising c-Met inhibitor lead entity with excellent therapeutic potential to control malignancies with aberrant c-Met activity.
Perspectives pour la R&D sur le corium (2017)

Le corium est le mélange des matériaux fondus du cœur du réacteur qui se forme lors d’un accident grave. Pour respecter les objectifs de sûreté exigés pour ces accidents avec fusion du cœur, il est nécessaire de prédire la progression de ce corium durant la séquence accidentelle : relocalisation dans le fond de cuve, percée de la cuve, interaction corium-eau puis corium-béton dans le cas d’un réacteur à eau. Les approches et outils utilisés nécessitent une R&D de très haute expertise. Une des difficultés de cette R&D réside dans la complexité de la physique requise. Elle est essentiellement multiphasique, et multi-échelle. En outre, les expérimentations nécessitent de porter des matériaux à de très hautes températures et requièrent des technologies de pointe dans plusieurs domaines comme la chimie, l’électromagnétisme ou encore l’instrumentation.
Low-Temperature Single Carbon Nanotube Spectroscopy of sp3 Quantum Defects (2017)

Aiming to unravel the relationship between chemical configuration and electronic structure of sp<sup>3</sup> defects of aryl-functionalized (6,5) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), we perform low-temperature single nanotube photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy studies and correlate our observations with quantum chemistry simulations. We observe sharp emission peaks from individual defect sites that are spread over an extremely broad, 1000-1350 nm, spectral range. Our simulations allow us to attribute this spectral diversity to the occurrence of six chemically and energetically distinct defect states resulting from topological variation in the chemical binding configuration of the monovalent aryl groups. Both PL emission efficiency and spectral line width of the defect states are strongly influenced by the local dielectric environment. Wrapping the SWCNT with a polyfluorene polymer provides the best isolation from the environment and yields the brightest emission with near-resolution limited spectral line width of 270 μeV, as well as spectrally resolved emission wings associated with localized acoustic phonons. Pump-dependent studies further revealed that the defect states are capable of emitting single, sharp, isolated PL peaks over 3 orders of magnitude increase in pump power, a key characteristic of two-level systems and an important prerequisite for single-photon emission with high purity. These findings point to the tremendous potential of sp<sup>3</sup> defects in development of room temperature quantum light sources capable of operating at telecommunication wavelengths as the emission of the defect states can readily be extended to this range via use of larger diameter SWCNTs.
Open-Transistor Fault Diagnostics in Voltage-Source Inverters by Analyzing the Load Currents (2009)

A novel method is presented for the detection and isolation of open-transistor faults in voltage-source inverters feeding AC motors. The method is an extension of the normalized DC-components method. The normalized average currents are combined with additional diagnostic variables which convey information about the percentage of time spent by the phase currents in the near-zero zone. The combined diagnostic signals permit much more robust diagnostics of single-transistor faults and make feasible the diagnostics of multiple-transistor faults. Suggested in this paper is also an alternative solution for the normalization of DC components, which is easier interpreted and simpler to implement.
The potential of mifepristone (RU486) as a female contraceptive drug. (2002)

This article reviews the development of mifepristone (RU486) as a female contraceptive drug. Mifepristone is an orally active compound with nearly 40% bioavailability after first pass effect. The steady plasma level of mifepristone ranges from 65 nmol/l with 1 mg/day to 1 micromol/l with 10 mg/day and reaches 2.5 micromol/l, 4.5 micromol/l and 5.4 micromol/l with mifepristone 50 mg, 100 mg and 200 mg daily, respectively, over the treatment period. Inhibition of ovulation may be achieved at serum mifepristone concentration of 232.7 nmol/l. Mifepristone appears to antagonise progesterone at the pituitary level to suppress gonadotropin and steroid hormone secretion rather than to act primarily on the hypothalamus to delay or inhibit ovulation. In fact, the endometrium is most sensitive to mifepristone. Low-dose mifepristone impairs luteal phase endometrial development and receptivity by altering endometrial parakine, cytokine and enzyme activity. Thus, low-dose mifepristone can significantly reduce the rate of conception without inhibiting ovulation. However, further research is needed to standardise the dose and dose-schedule to achieve the desired efficacy of low-dose mifepristone for routine clinical use with minimal or no side-effects.
DNA vaccines: a review (2003)

The DNA vaccines are simple rings of DNA containing a gene encoding an antigen, and a promoter/terminator to make the gene express in mammalian cells. They are a promising new approach for generating all types of desired immunity: cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL), T helper cells and antibodies, whilst being a technology that has the potential for global usage in terms of manufacturing ease, broad population administration and safety. This review gives an overview of the mechanisms, preclinical and clinical efficacy of DNA vaccines, and point out the limitations of the first generation of such vaccines, and some of the promising second-generation developments. This technology is also being utilized in the field of proteomics as a tool to elucidate the function of genes. The breadth of applications for DNA vaccines thus ranges from prophylactic vaccines to immunotherapy for infectious diseases, cancer, and autoimmune and allergic diseases.
Lazy Threads (1996)

In this paper, we describe lazy threads, a new approach for implementing multithreaded execution models on conventional machines. We show how they can implement a parallel call at nearly the efficiency of a sequential call. The central idea is to specialize the representation of a parallel call so that it can execute as a parallel-ready sequential call. This allows excess parallelism to degrade into sequential calls with the attendant efficient stack management and direct transfer of control and data, yet a call that truly needs to execute in parallel, gets its own thread of control. The efficiency of lazy threads is achieved through a careful attention to storage management and a code generation strategy that allows us to represent potential parallel work with no overhead.
Emergence of Imipenem Resistance in a CpxA-H208P-Variant-Producing Proteus mirabilis Clinical Isolate (2020)

The <i>Proteus mirabilis</i> PmirS clinical isolate, which was susceptible to imipenem (0.5 μg/mL) and amikacin (1 μg/mL), was recovered from a bronchial aspirate of a patient who recently underwent lung transplantation. The <i>P. mirabilis</i> PmirR clinical isolate, which exhibited resistance to imipenem (16 μg/mL) and amikacin (24 μg/mL), was isolated 3 weeks later from the same patient and the same specimen type. Using short-read sequencing technology, these isolates appeared to be genetically identical except the <i>cpxA</i> gene of the PmirR isolate that was mutated leading to the His-208-Pro substitution. The structural alteration was localized in the histidine kinase, adenylate cyclase, methyl accepting protein, phosphatase (HAMP) domain, which is involved in the signal transduction between the sensor kinase and the regulator response of the CpxA/CpxR two-component system (TCS). No significant defect in the growth rate was found between the PmirS and PmirR isolates. This study suggests that alteration in CpxA might confer imipenem and amikacin resistance in <i>P. mirabilis</i>. This study brings new evidence that the TCS alteration could provide an adaptive capacity in a clinical context by conferring antibiotic resistance without fitness cost.
Abstract 14742: MicroRNA-30 Mediates Shear Stress-Induced Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Endothelial Cells via Angiopoietin-2 (2013)

Laminar blood flow exerts high shear stress on the endothelium, which is known to prevent local atherosclerosis formation and inhibits inflammatory pathways in endothelial cells (ECs). MicroRNAs (m...
Low nonconvexity-rank bilinear matrix inequalities: algorithms and applications in robust controller and structure designs (2000)

A branch and bound (BB) algorithm for solving a general class of bilinear matrix inequality (BMI) problems is proposed. First, linear matrix inequality (LMI) constraints are incorporated into BMI constraints in a special way to take advantage of useful information on nonconvex terms. Then, the nonconvexity of the BMI is centralized in coupling constraints so that when the latter are omitted, we get a relaxed LMI problem for computing lower bounds. As in our previous developments, the branching is performed in a reduced dimensional space of complicating variables. This makes the approach practical even with a large dimension of overall variables. Applications of the algorithm to several test problems of robust control are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkynes XF2C—CC—P(O)(OR)2: Synthesis and Reactivity (2013)

Abstract Review: 43 refs.
Regulation of Glucagon Secretion in Normal and Diabetic Human Islets by γ-Hydroxybutyrate and Glycine (2012)

Paracrine signaling between pancreatic islet β-cells and α-cells has been proposed to play a role in regulating glucagon responses to elevated glucose and hypoglycemia. To examine this possibility in human islets, we used a metabolomic approach to trace the responses of amino acids and other potential neurotransmitters to stimulation with [U-(13)C]glucose in both normal individuals and type 2 diabetics. Islets from type 2 diabetics uniformly showed decreased glucose stimulation of insulin secretion and respiratory rate but demonstrated two different patterns of glucagon responses to glucose: one group responded normally to suppression of glucagon by glucose, but the second group was non-responsive. The non-responsive group showed evidence of suppressed islet GABA levels and of GABA shunt activity. In further studies with normal human islets, we found that γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), a potent inhibitory neurotransmitter, is generated in β-cells by an extension of the GABA shunt during glucose stimulation and interacts with α-cell GHB receptors, thus mediating the suppressive effect of glucose on glucagon release. We also identified glycine, acting via α-cell glycine receptors, as the predominant amino acid stimulator of glucagon release. The results suggest that glycine and GHB provide a counterbalancing receptor-based mechanism for controlling α-cell secretory responses to metabolic fuels.