gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acacetin inhibits expression of E-selectin on endothelial cells through regulation of the MAP kinase signaling pathway and activation of NF-κB (2013)

Since E-selectin-mediated adhesion of leukocytes or tumor cells to the vascular endothelium is a key early event in the initiation of inflammatory response and cancer metastasis, E-selectin inhibition is thought to be a good target for therapeutic intervention. Several flavones have been shown to have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. In the present study, we investigated the effects of plant flavones on expression of E-selectin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Among 11 flavones, acacetin strongly inhibited TNF-α-induced E-selectin expression in HUVECs. Acacetin suppressed the TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of p38 but did not inhibit TNF-α-induced phosphorylations of JNK and ERK. Acacetin also inhibited the activation of NF-κB by stimulation with TNF-α. Furthermore, adhesion of monocytes to TNF-α-treated endothelial cells was inhibited by cotreatment with acacetin. These results suggest that acacetin inhibits the expression of E-selectin by regulation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway and activation of NF-κB.
An Analysis of a Double-layer Electromagnetic Shield for a Universal Contactless Battery Charging Platform (2006)

A patented double-layer planar structure is employed to shield the electromagnetic (EM) field at the bottom of a universal charging platform. The double-layer consists of a layer of soft ferromagnetic material and a layer of conductive material. Thin 4F1 ferrite plate and the copper sheet are used in this example. This shielding technique is analyzed with the extended transmission line theory. With the formulas presented, the shielding effectiveness (SE) of both single-layer shield and double-layer shield could be calculated out directly, without using finite-element software. A classical transmitting-receiving loop measurement has been carried out to evaluate the SE of single ferrite shield, single copper shield and double-layer shield respectively. Calculated and measured results in the working frequency range of the charging platform from 100 kHz to 500 kHz confirm that the double-layer shield has obviously better SE than single-layer shield and can achieve a SE above 40 dB, which is commonly accepted by the industry. Finally, the potential of this double-layer shielding technique for a wide range of power electronic applications is discussed
Efectos de exposición aguda a cadmio en la acción de estrógenos en útero de rata impúber (2008)

Effects of acute exposure to cadmiun on response to estrogen in the prepuberal rat uterus Background: Few information is available about uterine effects of Cadmium (Cd) exposure, where toxic agents affecting the female genital tract interact with estrogen (E) receptors, modifiying myometrial activity and the menstrual cycle, causing dysmenorrhea, infertility and spontaneous abortion. No information exists whether prenatal or early postnatal exposure may cause any gynecologic persistent adverse effect. Our finding of a second mechanism of E interaction and differences between E receptors in the various uterine cell types suggests that Cd may affect differently E interaction in each cell-type. Objective: Evaluate a possible selective effect of acute Cd exposure on E action in the uterus during prepuber age. Method: Female prepuber rats exposed to Cd 4 mg/kg and 2 hours later, treated with Estradiol-17 0,3 mg/kg. A myometrial sample was obtained under anesthesia 24 hours after E treatment and histologically processed for the quantification of E responses on different uterine cell-types. Results: Cd exposure potentiates Einduced uterine eosinophilia and endometrial edema and inhibits E-induced cell hypertrophy in circular myometrium and cell proliferation in luminal myometrium. Cd, in the absence of hormone stimulation, causes a slight cell hypertrophy in circular myometrium. Conclusions: Acute exposure to Cd affects differently various responses to E in the different uterine cell-types. Future studies should verify whether this effect explains Cd-induced infertility, postpubertal sex organ development and whether prenatal or early postnatal exposure to Cd induces delayed persistent effects.
Identification and performance simulation of a hybrid i.c.-engine/battery electric automotive power train. Part 2: The electric traction system (1990)

This paper, and its companion, describe the identification, modelling and simulation of the drive-train components in a hybrid i.c.-enginelbattery electric car. This paper concentrates on the electric traction system and describes the identification of discrete transfer functions that relate motor current and motor shaft torque to the input demand to the power electronic controller. All the traction system transfer functions identified are related to a theoretical unalysis of the DC traction system and both full- and reduced-order models are derived. In the identification procedure the non-linear gains are identified separately to the system dynamics which leads to system transfer functions that are ideally suited for controller design. It is shown thut the power electronic controller has three distinct operating modes, and transfer functions are identified for each mode. Simulated results are compared with test data and the identified transfer functions shown to describe the behaviour of the electric traction system accurately. A method to predict motor torque by measuring armature current and field current is also presented. With the identified system transfer functions it is possible to design a control unit which will control the torque from the electric traction motor in a smooth manner.
Physical Models for SiC and Their Application to Device Simulations of SiC Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors (2012)

Important physical models for 4H silicon carbide (4H-SiC) are constructed based on the literature and experiments on the physical properties of 4H-SiC. The obtained physical models are implemented into a commercial device simulator, which is used for examining the potential performance of SiC insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). Device simulation using these new physical models shows that the forward characteristics of the conventional type of planar SiC IGBTs are significantly poorer than those of SiC p-i-n diodes, even if the carrier lifetime is improved. It is shown that the degradation in the characteristics of the conventional SiC IGBT is caused by the limited conduction modulation at the cathode side of the n-base layer. We show that this problem can be resolved by applying device structures that induce a hole-barrier effect in the SiC IGBTs.
Three-dimensional organic field-effect transistors: Charge accumulation in the vertical semiconductor channels (2008)

A three-dimensional organic field-effect transistor is developed to accumulate charge in its vertical semiconductor channel so that space availability for the field-induced carriers is essentially multiplied. A multicolumnar structure is built incorporating a vertical layer of soluble benzothieno-benzothiophene derivative. Pronounced field-effect performance is realized with the well-defined saturation in the output, where extremely large value of channel width divided by length enables current amplification up to ∼2 μA in a square pixel even with relatively low carrier mobility of 10−4 cm2/V s. The result demonstrates usefulness of the three-dimensional structure in achieving sufficient current for matrix-controlling devices in flat-panel displays.
Liner-supported cylinder (LSC) technology to realize Ru/Ta/sub 2/O/sub 5//Ru capacitor for future DRAMs (2000)

The concept of liner-supported cylinder (LSC) technology to realize robust formation of cylindrical electrodes with Ru, which has advantages to bring out the best of Ta/sub 2/O/sub 5/ performance, is described. With experimental results including DRAM functionality, we show that LSC-Ta/sub 2/O/sub 5/ capacitor is a promising candidate to realize 0.10 /spl mu/m DRAMs and beyond.
pH-Responsive Capsule Polymer Particles Prepared by Interfacial Photo-Cross-Linking: Effect of the Alkyl Chain Length of the pH-Responsive Monomer (2021)

pH-responsive capsule particles have immense potential for use in various advanced fields, such as microreactors and drug delivery. Moreover, the interfacial photo-cross-linking of spherical polymer particles is a promising strategy to create various functional capsule particles. In this study, pH-responsive capsule polymer particles were prepared by interfacial photo-cross-linking with photo-reactive polymers possessing different pH-responsive monomer units of different alkyl chain lengths, namely, 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, and 2-diisopropylaminoethyl methacrylate. Using these different pH-responsive monomers, regulation of the controlled release properties of pH-responsive capsule particles was achieved. All capsule particles prepared from these three different polymers released encapsulated molecules under acidic conditions; however, more acidic conditions were necessary for releasing encapsulated molecules with the increasing alkyl chain length. The afforded results indicated that pH-responsive monomers of different alkyl chain lengths could be successfully employed to regulate the pH-responsive controlled release property of the capsule particles prepared by interfacial photo-cross-linking.
Implementation of a more physiological plasma rich in growth factor (PRGF) protocol: Anticoagulant removal and reduction in activator concentration (2016)

PRGF-B protocol led to a statistically significant higher enrichment and recovery of platelets regarding to the PRGF-A. Hypotonic stress response by platelets was significantly better in the new protocol. A statistically significant decrease in the basal platelet activation status of PRGF-B compared to PRGF-A was also observed. The duration of the lag phase in the platelet aggregation assay was statistically lower for the PRGF-B protocol. Both the clotting and the clot retraction time were significantly reduced in the B protocol. A higher growth factor concentration was detected in the plasma obtained using the PRGF-B protocol. The new PRGF obtaining protocol, with a reduction in the amount of anticoagulant and activator, has even improved the actual one.
“On-the-Fly” Fabrication of Highly-Ordered Interconnected Cylindrical and Spherical Porous Microparticles via Dual Polymerization Zone Microfluidics (2019)

A microfluidic platform with dual photopolymerization zones has been developed for production of novel uniform interconnected porous particles with shapes imposed either by the geometry of the external capillary or by the thermodynamic minimization of interfacial area. Double w/o/w (water/oil/water) drops with well-defined internal droplet size and number were produced and then exposed to online photopolymerization to create the porous particles. Cylindrical interconnected porous particles were produced in a segmented flow where the drops took the shape of the capillary. The microfluidic setup included an extension capillary where the drops relaxed and conformed to their thermodynamically favored morphology. Window opening of the particles occurred "on-the-fly" during UV polymerization without using any offline auxiliary methods. A distinction was made between critically and highly packed arrangements in double drops. The window opening occurred consistently for highly packed spherical drops, but only for critically packed drops containing more than six internal cores at internal phase ratios as low as 0.35. The size and number of cores and shape and structure of double drops could be precisely tuned by the flow rate and by packing structure of the inner droplets.
Time intervals matrix analysis of 235U and 239Pu content in a spent fuel assembly using Lead Slowing down Spectrometer (2011)

A key motivation for developing the technology capable of quantifying plutonium (Pu) in spent fuel assemblies with nondestructive assay (NDA) techniques is knowledge of the physical parameters of irradiated nuclear fuel which is important both for nuclear safeguards and nuclear fuel management. One of the most attractive NDA approaches applied for the determination of the total amount of plutonium using a pulsed neutron source is the method of slowing-down time spectrometry in lead where the energy spectrum of neutrons can be represented as being monoenergetic with minor deviation from the peak value in each time moment after a fast neutron pulse. This fact was successfully used in developing several methods of Pu mass determination and confirmed the potential of the Lead Slowing Down Spectrometer (LSDS) to get detailed information about spent fuel [1-2].A method which we presented earlier is based on a matrix of time intervals where large differences in the number of fissions of 235U and 239Pu are observed [3]. This technique allows increasing precision in the Pu evaluation by decreasing the self-shielding effect significantly. As opposed to homogeneous-volume approximations used in our previous research in this work we describe the detailed Monte Carlo models of real fuel assemblies, as well as the effects of the influence of the scintillation detector to the system in question. Although the proposed method for spent fuel assemblies characterization has only been studied using Monte Carlo simulations, it was possible to demonstrate the 239Pu determination using a DT pulsed neutron source, Lead Slowing Down Spectrometer and fast timing scintillatior which is sensitive to both photons and neutrons, and n-γ pulse shape discrimination allows to get additional information about the system.
Neurological complications to vaccination against Japanese encephalitis (1998)

Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine has been used for childhood immunization programmes in Asia since the 1960s. Also, travellers from other parts of the world have been vaccinated before travelling to Asian countries. Some JE vaccines are produced from infected mouse brains and contain small amounts of myelin basic protein. Neurological side effects in larger vaccine trials in Asia have been reported in 1-2.3 per million vaccinees. Statens Serum Institut is the only distributor of JE vaccine in Denmark, delivering 384 000 doses from 1983-96. In 1996, evaluation of initial symptoms and findings in 10 adult travellers from Denmark, who developed moderate-severe neurological symptoms within a few weeks of JE vaccination, was performed as well as follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical neurological examination. Three patients initially had symptoms varying from severe encephalitis-like illness to paraesthesia, double vision or parkinsonian gait disturbance. MRI showed severe atrophy of the corpus callosum with altered signal intensity indicating gliosis in one patient, another patient had several hyperintense spots located periventricularly in the white matter, while a third patient had spots with increased signals in the pons, the right substantia nigra and the occipital region. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a possible explanation for these MRI changes, although multiple sclerosis is an alternative diagnosis in one or two of the patients. Another three patients had long-lasting headache, concentration difficulty or intellectual reduction. One man had afebrile convulsions, another gait instability and depression and one parkinsonism. A woman developed myelitis. If these findings are due to JE vaccination the frequency of neurological reactions to the vaccine is considerably higher than previously reported and in the future any minor neurological complaints occurring shortly after vaccination should lead to neurological examination and acute MRI scan should be considered. Copyright 1998 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Bilirubin Conjugation, Reflected by Conjugated Bilirubin Fractions, in Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase-deficient Neonates: A Determining Factor in the Pathogenesis of Hyperbilirubinemia (1998)

Neonates were sampled at 53 +/- 12 and 58 +/- 12 hours for the subsequently hyperbilirubinemic and nonhyperbilirubinemic groups, respectively (NS). Initial (ie, at the time of sampling) serum total diazo bilirubin values (mean +/- SD) were almost identical for the subsequently hyperbilirubinemic and nonhyperbilirubinemic groups (214 +/
Inferring animal social networks and leadership: applications for passive monitoring arrays (2016)

Analyses of animal social networks have frequently benefited from techniques derived from other disciplines. Recently, machine learning algorithms have been adopted to infer social associations from time-series data gathered using remote, telemetry systems situated at provisioning sites. We adapt and modify existing inference methods to reveal the underlying social structure of wide-ranging marine predators moving through spatial arrays of passive acoustic receivers. From six months of tracking data for grey reef sharks (Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos) at Palmyra atoll in the Pacific Ocean, we demonstrate that some individuals emerge as leaders within the population and that this behavioural coordination is predicted by both sex and the duration of co-occurrences between conspecifics. In doing so, we provide the first evidence of long-term, spatially extensive social processes in wild sharks. To achieve these results, we interrogate simulated and real tracking data with the explicit purpose of drawing attention to the key considerations in the use and interpretation of inference methods and their impact on resultant social structure. We provide a modified translation of the GMMEvents method for R, including new analyses quantifying the directionality and duration of social events with the aim of encouraging the careful use of these methods more widely in less tractable social animal systems but where passive telemetry is already widespread.
Infrared and far-infrared spectroscopic studies on the structure of water in lyotropic liquid crystals (1987)

Abstract Studies on the infrared and far-infrared spectra of water in lyotropic liquid-crystalline phases of dodecyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (and related materials) have shown the existence of at least two severely perturbed types of water molecule—both very different from bulk water. Band shifts, half-widths and relative intensities change rapidly over the concentration range, but show no discontinuities at phase boundaries (including the gel/lamellar boundary). The water molecules therefore probe only the short-range interactions between head group and counterion and do not reflect changes in long-range micellar interactions in the different mesophases. These data support the equilibrium binding model for water-surfactant interactions at polar organic interfaces and tend to refute the existence of different polarized layers. As such, they may eventually help to cast light on the nature of hydration forces between the bilayers in lamellar phases.
AtSTP6, a New Pollen-Specific H+-Monosaccharide Symporter from Arabidopsis (2003)

This paper describes the molecular, kinetic, and physiological characterization of AtSTP6, a new member of the Arabidopsis H(+)/monosaccharide transporter family. The AtSTP6 gene (At3g05960) is interrupted by two introns and encodes a protein of 507 amino acids containing 12 putative transmembrane helices. Expression in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) shows that AtSTP6 is a high-affinity (K(m) = 20 microM), broad-spectrum, and uncoupler-sensitive monosaccharide transporter that is targeted to the plasma membrane and that can complement a growth deficiency resulting from the disruption of most yeast hexose transporter genes. Analyses of AtSTP6-promoter::GUS plants and in situ hybridization experiments detected AtSTP6 expression only during the late stages of pollen development. A transposon-tagged Arabidopsis mutant was isolated and homozygous plants were analyzed for potential effects of the Atstp6 mutation on pollen viability, pollen germination, fertilization, and seed production. However, differences between wild-type and mutant plants could not be observed.
Neutral ion sources in precision manufacturing (1994)

Ion figuring of optical components is a relatively new technology that can alleviate some of the problems associated with traditional contact polishing. Because the technique is non contacting, edge distortions and rib structure print through do not occur. This initial investigation was aimed at determining the effect of ion figuring on surface roughness of previously polished or ductile ground ceramic optical samples. This is the first step in research directed toward the combination of a pre-finishing process (ductile grinding or polishing) with ion figuring to produce finished ceramic mirrors. The second phase of the project is focusing on the development of mathematical algorithms that will deconvolve the ion beam profile from the surface figure errors so that these errors can be successfully removed from the optical components. In the initial phase of the project, multiple, chemical vapor deposited silicon carbide (CVD SiC) samples were polished or ductile ground to specular or near-specular roughness. These samples were then characterized to determine topographic surface information. The surface evaluation consisted of stylus profilometry, interferometry, and optical and scanning electron microscopy. The surfaces, were ion machined to depths from 0-5 microns. The finished surfaces were characterized to evaluate the effects of the ion machining process with respect to the previous processing methods and the pre-existing subsurface damage. The development of the control algorithms for figuring optical components has been completed. These algorithms have been validated with simulations and future experiments have been planned to verify the methods. This paper will present the results of the initial surface finish experiments and the control algorithms simulations.
SVT induction (2017)

Abstract This case considers an unusual supraventricular tachycardia induction sequence
Beta-Gamma Delayed Coincidence Method for Resonance Escape Measurements (1961)

"Beta-Gamma Delayed Coincidence Method for Resonance Escape Measurements." Nuclear Science and Engineering, 9(3), pp. 411–412
The pcnB gene of Escherichia coli, which is required for ColE1 copy number maintenance, is dispensable (1993)

The pcnB gene product of Escherchia coli is required for copy number maintenance of plasmids related to ColE1 and also for that of the IncFII plasmid R1. Because PcnB is similar to the tRNA-binding protein tRNA nucleotidyltransferase, we have suggested that the protein would be required only for processes in which an RNA is a prominent regulatory component. This appears to be so; strains deleted for pcnB, although defective in ColE1 and R1 plasmid maintenance, maintain the iteron-regulated plasmids F and P1 normally. We also find that strains deleted for pcnB grow normally, demonstrating that PcnB has no essential cellular role under the conditions tested and suggesting that regulation by antisense RNAs similar to RNAI has no critical role in any essential host process. We confirm by immunological tests that PcnB is likely to be the commercially available enzyme poly(A) polymerase.