gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dendritic polyglycerolsulfate-SS-poly(ester amide) micelles for the systemic delivery of docetaxel: pushing the limits of stability through the insertion of π–π interactions (2023)

Insufficient stability of micellar drug delivery systems is still the major limitation to their systematic application in chemotherapy. This work demonstrates novel π-electron stabilized polyelectrolyte block copolymer micelles based on dendritic polyglycerolsulfate-cystamine-<i>block</i>-poly(4-benzoyl-1,4-oxazepan-7-one)-pyrene (dPGS-SS-POxPPh-Py) presenting a very low critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 0.3 mg L<sup>-1</sup> (18 nM), 55-fold lower than that of conventional amphiphilic block copolymer micelles. The drug loading capacities of up to 13 wt% allow the efficient encapsulation of the chemotherapeutic Docetaxel (DTX). The spherical morphology of the micelles was proven by cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM). Gaussian Analysis revealed well-defined sizes of 57 nm and 80 nm in the unloaded/loaded state, respectively. Experiments by dynamic light scattering (DLS), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS), fluorescence spectroscopy, and cross-polarization solid-state <sup>13</sup>C NMR studied the π-π interactions between the core-forming block segment of dPGS-SS-POxPPh-Py and DTX. The findings point to a substantial contribution of these noncovalent interactions to the system's high stability. By confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), the cellular uptake of fluorescein-labelled FITC-dPGS-SS-POxPPh-Py micelles was monitored after one day displaying the successful cell insertion of the cargo-loaded systems. To ensure the drug release in cancerous cells, the disassembly of the micellar DTX-formulations was achieved by reductive and enzymatic degradation studied by light scattering and GPC experiments. Further, no size increase nor disassembly in the presence of human serum proteins after four days was detected. The precise <i>in vitro</i> drug release was also given by the high potency of inhibiting cancer cell growth, finding half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC<sub>50</sub>) efficiently reduced to 68 nM coming along with high viabilities of the empty polymer materials tested on tumor-derived HeLa, A549, and McF-7 cell lines after two days. This study highlights the substantial potential of micelles tailored through the combination of π-electron stabilization with dendritic polyglycerolsulfate for targeted drug delivery systems, enabling them to have a significant foothold in the clinical treatment of cancer.
IP over P2P: Enabling Self-configuring Virtual IP Networks for Grid Computing (2006)

Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks have mostly focused on task oriented networking, where networks are constructed for single applications, i.e. file-sharing, DNS caching, etc. In this work, we introduce IPOP, a system for creating virtual IP networks on top of a P2P overlay. IPOP enables seamless access to Grid resources spanning multiple domains by aggregating them into a virtual IP network that is completely isolated from the physical network. The virtual IP network provided by IPOP supports deployment of existing IP-based protocols over a robust, self-configuring P2P overlay. We present implementation details as well as experimental measurement results taken from LAN, WAN, and Planet-Lab tests.
Intense-pulsed-UV-converted perhydropolysilazane gate dielectrics for organic field-effect transistors and logic gates (2019)

We fabricated a high-quality perhydropolysilazane (PHPS)-derived SiO<sub>2</sub> film by intense pulsed UV irradiation and applied it as a gate dielectric layer in high-performance organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and complementary inverters. The conversion process of PHPS to SiO<sub>2</sub> was optimized by varying the number of intense pulses and applied voltage. The chemical structure and gate dielectric properties of the PHPS-derived SiO<sub>2</sub> films were systematically investigated <i>via</i> Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and leakage current measurements, respectively. The resulting PHPS-derived SiO<sub>2</sub> gate dielectric layer showed a dielectric constant of 3.8 at 1 MHz and a leakage current density of 9.7 × 10<sup>-12</sup> A cm<sup>-2</sup> at 4.0 MV cm<sup>-1</sup>. The PHPS-derived SiO<sub>2</sub> film was utilized as a gate dielectric for fabricating benchmark p- and n-channel OFETs based on pentacene and <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>'-dioctyl-3,4,9,10-perylenedicarboximide (PTCDI-C<sub>8</sub>), respectively. The resulting OFETs exhibited good electrical properties, such as carrier mobilities of 0.16 (±0.01) cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> (for the pentacene OFET) and 0.02 (±0.01) cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> (for the PTCDI-C<sub>8</sub> OFET) and an on-off current ratio larger than 10<sup>5</sup>. The fabrication of the PHPS-derived SiO<sub>2</sub> gate dielectric layer by a simple solution process and intense pulsed UV irradiation at room temperature serves as a novel approach for the realization of large-area flexible electronics in the flexible device industry of the future.
Long-distance quantum cryptography [News] (2013)

Using the quirky laws of quantum physics to encrypt data, in theory, assures perfect security. But today's quantum cryptography can secure point-to-point connections only about 100 kilometers apart, greatly limiting its appeal.
[Surgical hemostasis in recurrent peptic ulcer hemorrhage after endoscopic hemostasis--indications and results]. (1995)

The identification of prognostic factors in patients with bleeding peptic ulcer is an important step for improving the outcome. Besides of age, concomitant diseases and bleeding activity, recurrent bleeding is the principal determinant of mortality in peptic ulcer bleeding. Obviously, there is still a considerable proportion of patients who cannot be successfully managed by endoscopic treatment alone. Therefore the identification of high-risk patients before rebleeding, an adequate early surgical intervention during a stable period after endoscopic haemostasis can prevent recurrent haemorrhage. Emergency endoscopy and, possibly, Doppler ultrasound provide prognostic relevant information allowing 'prospective' therapeutic decisions. By using this strategy in a clinical trial (291 patients) the overall mortality rate could be reduced markedly from 14% (139 patients) to 5% (152 patients). The results were mainly reproducible under clinical routine circumstances.
Information Guided Precoding for OFDM (2017)

In the conventional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation (OFDM-IM), the M-ary modulated symbols are transmitted on a subset of subcarriers under the guidance of information bits. In this paper, a novel information guided precoding, called precoding aided (P-)OFDMIM, is proposed to improve the spectral efficiency (SE) of OFDMIM. In P-OFDM-IM, the information bits are jointly conveyed through the conventional M-ary modulated symbols and the indices of precoding matrices and vectors. Then, the principle of P-OFDM-IM is embodied in two different implementation types, including P-OFDM-IM-I and P-OFDM-IM-II. Specifically, P-OFDM-IM-I divides all subcarriers into L groups and modulates them by L distinguishable constellations. P-OFDM-IM-II partitions the total subcarriers into L overlapped layers and performs IM layer by layer, where distinguishable constellations are employed across layers. A practical precoding strategy is designed for P-OFDM-IM under the phase shift keying/quadrature amplitude modulation constraint. A low-complexity log-likelihood ratio detector is proposed to ease the computational burden on the receiver. To evaluate the performance of P-OFDM-IM theoretically, an upper bound on the bit error rate and the achievable rate are studied. Computer simulation results show that P-OFDM-IM-I outperforms the existing OFDM-IM related schemes at high SE, while P-OFDM-IM-II performs the best at low SE.
Optimum DCT-based multicarrier transceivers for frequency-selective channels (2006)

We derive conditions on the impulse response and input signal of a frequency-selective finite-impulse response channel to be diagonalized by the discrete cosine transform (DCT) into parallel, decoupled, and memoryless subchannels. We show how these conditions can be satisfied in a practical multicarrier transceiver through a novel design of the guard sequence and the front-end prefilter. This DCT-based design results in complete elimination of interblock and intercarrier interference without channel knowledge at the transmitter and at the same guard sequence overhead, compared with DFT-based multicarrier transceivers. Extensions to multiinput multioutput frequency-selective channels are also described. Finally, we present numerical examples from wireline and wireless communications scenarios to illustrate the viability and practicality of the DCT as a modulation/demodulation basis for baseband and passband signaling over frequency-selective channels.
Wavefront aberration measurement technology for microlens using the Mach-Zehnder interferometer provided with a projected aperture (2004)

We have carried out wavefront aberration measurement with the reduction projection of an aperture on the pupil of the test microlens set in the interferometer optics. The size of the image of the aperture determines the effective aperture of the microlens, and proposes aperture restriction methods to reduce the influence of the Fresnel diffraction. Wavefront aberrations were measured and evaluated by the use of phase shift method applied to the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. We studied if we can form an image of an aperture stop on the pupil plane of the test microlens. The evaluation of the effect of the aperture on the fringe quality was evaluated through the prototype equipment using the microlens of less than 30 micrometers in diameter. In this paper, we describe the method of reducing the measurement error of wavefront aberration using the effective diameter of the microlens.
Phase Derivative Correction of Bandwidth-Extended Signals for Perceptual Audio Codecs (2016)

S.82-89
An additive manufacturing-based PCL-alginate-chondrocyte bioprinted scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering (2013)

Regenerative medicine is targeted to improve, restore or replace damaged tissues or organs using a combination of cells, materials and growth factors. Both tissue engineering and developmental biology currently deal with the process of tissue self-assembly and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. In this investigation, additive manufacturing (AM) with a multihead deposition system (MHDS) was used to fabricate three-dimensional (3D) cell-printed scaffolds using layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition of polycaprolactone (PCL) and chondrocyte cell-encapsulated alginate hydrogel. Appropriate cell dispensing conditions and optimum alginate concentrations for maintaining cell viability were determined. In vitro cell-based biochemical assays were performed to determine glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), DNA and total collagen contents from different PCL-alginate gel constructs. PCL-alginate gels containing transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) showed higher ECM formation. The 3D cell-printed scaffolds of PCL-alginate gel were implanted in the dorsal subcutaneous spaces of female nude mice. Histochemical [Alcian blue and haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining] and immunohistochemical (type II collagen) analyses of the retrieved implants after 4 weeks revealed enhanced cartilage tissue and type II collagen fibril formation in the PCL-alginate gel (+TGFβ) hybrid scaffold. In conclusion, we present an innovative cell-printed scaffold for cartilage regeneration fabricated by an advanced bioprinting technology.
Top Management Conducts an Enterprise System Development (2009)

This reports an in-house development of an enterprise system, directed by top management. The background is explained, and it starts from the corporate-wide business model. This top down approach is better fitted than usual bottom up approach. Various backgrounds supporting this are explained.
EOR Screening Criteria Revisited— Part 1: Introduction to Screening Criteria and Enhanced Recovery Field Projects (1997)

Summary Screening criteria have been proposed for all enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods. Data from EOR projects around the world have been examined and the optimum reservoir/oil characteristics for successful projects have been noted. The oil gravity ranges of the oils of current EOR methods have been compiled and the results are presented graphically. The proposed screening criteria are based on both field results and oil recovery mechanisms. The current state of the art for all methods is presented briefly, and relationships between them are described. Steamflooding is still the dominant EOR method. All chemical flooding has been declining, but polymers and gels are being used successfully for sweep improvement and water shutoff. Only CO2 flooding activity has increased continuously.
Appendix A: Relationship between Return on Equity and Growth of Earnings (2010)

Relationship between Return on Equity andGrowth of EarningsIn Chapter 5 we made the important statement that within a few percentage points, assuming that the return on equity remains constant, the growth rate of earnings equals return on equity times the earnings retention rate.The following calculations show how to derive this and the other statements given at that time and used in later chapters.Of course, these relationships depend on the accuracy of the clean surplus relationship.For notation, let B i denote the book value at the end of year i for i = 1, 2. Denote the earnings and dividends during the year as e i and d i .Denote the payout ratio by p i = d i /e i and return on equity by R i = e i /B i .
Supplementary Figure 3 from The Nonsignaling Extracellular Spacer Domain of Chimeric Antigen Receptors Is Decisive for <i>In Vivo</i> Antitumor Activity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;10 million (A) CD8+ TCM-derived CD19-CAR-T-cells, (B) CD19-CAR-T-cells derived from an unselected T-cell population, or (C) CD8+ TCM-derived ROR1-CAR-T-cells were injected into tumor-free NSG mice. After 24 hours, bone marrow, spleens, and peripheral blood were isolated and analyzed for the presence of T-cells (CD45+/CD4+ or CD45+/CD8+) and the expression of activation markers CD25 and CD69 by flow cytometry.&lt;/p&gt;
BOLD power spectral density differentiates patients with pathological consciousness (2019)

peer reviewed
Ethanol Modulates the Growth of Human Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro (2002)

The role of ethanol or its metabolites on breast neoplasm has not been characterized. We hypothesized that ethanol may alter the growth rate of human breast tumor epithelial cells by modulating putative growth-promoting signaling pathways such as p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). The MCF-7 cell line, considered a suitable model, was used in these studies to investigate the effects of ethanol on [(3)H]thymidine incorporation, cell number, and p44/42 MAPK activities in the presence or absence of a MAPK or extracellular signal-regulated kinase ERK-1, and (MEK1) inhibitor (PD098059). Treatment of MCF-7 cells with a physiologically relevant concentration of ethanol (0.3% or 65 mM) increased p44/42 activities by an average of 400% (P < 0.02), and subsequent cell growth by 200% (P < 0.05) in a MEK1 inhibitor (PD098059)-sensitive fashion, thus suggesting that the Ras/MEK/MAPK signaling pathways are crucial for ethanol-induced MCF-7 cell growth.
Organic solar powered greenhouse performance optimization and global economic opportunity (2022)

This work integrates greenhouse energy demand, solar power production, and plant growth modeling to assess the economic opportunity of organic solar powered greenhouses. Results show these systems have positive economic outlook across broad climates.
Solar Array Verification Analysis Tool (SAVANT) Developed (1999)

Modeling solar cell performance for a specific radiation environment to obtain the end-of-life photovoltaic array performance has become both increasingly important and, with the rapid advent of new types of cell technology, more difficult. For large constellations of satellites, a few percent difference in the lifetime prediction can have an enormous economic impact. The tool described here automates the assessment of solar array on-orbit end-of-life performance and assists in the development and design of ground test protocols for different solar cell designs. Once established, these protocols can be used to calculate on-orbit end-of-life performance from ground test results. The Solar Array Verification Analysis Tool (SAVANT) utilizes the radiation environment from the Environment Work Bench (EWB) model developed by the NASA Lewis Research Center s Photovoltaic and Space Environmental Effects Branch in conjunction with Maxwell Technologies. It then modifies and combines this information with the displacement damage model proposed by Summers et al. (ref. 1) of the Naval Research Laboratory to determine solar cell performance during the course of a given mission. The resulting predictions can then be compared with flight data. The Environment WorkBench (ref. 2) uses the NASA AE8 (electron) and AP8 (proton) models of the radiation belts to calculate the trapped radiation flux. These fluxes are integrated over the defined spacecraft orbit for the duration of the mission to obtain the total omnidirectional fluence spectra. Components such as the solar cell coverglass, adhesive, and antireflective coatings can slow and attenuate the particle fluence reaching the solar cell. In SAVANT, a continuous slowing down approximation is used to model this effect.
Dante arabo: direzioni di indagine (2022)

Although studies on possible Islamic influences in Dante's work appeared, both in Arab and European journals, since late nineteenth century, it was the publication of La escatologia musulmana en la Divina Comedia by Miguel Asín Palacios, in 1919, that symbolically marked the start of an international historiographical debate on the relationships between Dante and the Arab World. Since then, this debate has mainly focused on the "presence" of the Arab-Muslim world in Dante and in his culture. Conversely, the theme of Dante's "presence" in the modern and contemporary Arab world has been less explored until now, at least on the European shores of the Mediterranean, in spite of some praiseworthy exceptions. The present aims precisely at contributing to better investigate attitudes towards Dante in the Arab-speaking world, by proposing some guidelines for a comparative analysis of the translation approaches adopted in the most famous Arabic versions of the Divine Comedy: those by ‘Abbūd Abī Rāshid Bey (Tripoli of Libya, 1930-1933), Ḥasan 'Uthmān (Cairo, 1959-1969) and Kāẓim Jihād (Paris, 2002). Beyond the specific reasons of translatological interest, this will hopefully pave the way to a broader work, aimed at reconstructing the main trajectories (ideological, cultural and aesthetic) of Dante's ‘journey' in the modern and contemporary Arab World.
An Assisted Solvolysis of 23-Spirostanyl Bromides and Tosylates. A New Rearrangement of Spirostanes to the Bisfuran Systems (2002)

Steroidal sapogenins bearing a good leaving group at C23 undergo a completely stereospecific rearrangement under a variety of conditions via a mechanism involving neighboring-group participation by the acetal oxygen atom in the departure of the nucleofuge from C23. The reactions of equatorial (23S)-23-bromo- or (23S)-23-tosyloxyspirostanes with either the alpha (25R) or beta (25S) oriented 25-methyl group lead to the bisfuran products with inversion of configuration at C23. The reactions of the starting compounds with axial substituents (23R) at C23 require drastic conditions and result in the formation of the corresponding olefin accompanied by the rearranged product (in the case of the 25S isomer only).
Laparoscopic Hernia Repair: The Anatomic Basis (1991)

Laparoscopic hernia repair offers the potential for more rapid recovery in patients compared with standard anterior herniorrhaphy. Whether the procedure can be performed safely and effectively has yet to be determined. Long-term success will depend on the ability to adhere to the basic principles of traditional hernia repair, maintain low recurrence rates, and achieve rapid return of the patient to work. Inguinal anatomy as viewed through the laparoscope is unfamiliar to most surgeons. The potential for complications requiring laparotomy is increased with laparoscopic hernia repair and dissection in this region requires precise knowledge of the anatomic relationships. Photographic representations of cadaver dissections of the intra-abdominal inguinal region are displayed, and detailed descriptions applicable anatomic structures are presented. A laparoscopic approach for the repair of inguinal and femoral hernia is provided, based on sound comprehension of anatomic relationships.
Practical experiences with a system for site‐specific weed control in arable crops using real‐time image analysis and GPS‐controlled patch spraying (2006)

Summary Information on temporal and spatial variation in weed seedling populations within agricultural fields is very important for weed population assessment and management. Primarily, spatial information allows a potential reduction in herbicide use, when post‐emergent herbicides are only applied to field sections with high weed infestation levels. This paper presents a system for site‐specific weed control in sugar beet, maize, winter wheat, winter barley, winter rape and spring barley. The system includes on‐line weed detection using digital image analysis, computer‐based decision making and Global Positioning System‐controlled patch spraying. In a 2‐year study, herbicide use with this map‐based approach was reduced in winter cereals by 6–81% for herbicides against broad leaved weeds and 20–79% for grass weed herbicides. Highest savings were achieved in cereals followed by sugar beet, maize and winter rape. The efficacy of weed control varied from 85% to 98%, indicating that site‐specific weed management will not result in higher infestation levels in the following crops.
Room-Temperature Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Monodisperse Transition Metal-Doped ZnO Nanocrystals (2005)

Recent verifications of intrinsic room-temperature (RT) ferromagnetism in transition metal doped-ZnO have increased its attractiveness as promising material for nanooptoelectronic and spintronics-based devices. A control over dopant speciation and the determination of the sizedependence of the properties at the nanoscale, become then indispensable. We present here the conditions for the roomtemperature synthesis in ethanol and characterization of bare, Mn- and Co-doped ZnO nanocrystals. The results evidenced the viability on producing highly monodisperse nanocrystals (5-8nm) with no need for any further thermal treatment. However, the formation of the ZnO structure was delayed when dopant ions co-existed with Zn in starting solutions; well-crystallized doped nanoparticles were produced only after their aging in mother liquors. SQUID measurements on doped nanocrystals evidenced a weak, though noticeable RT-ferromagnetism, or paramagnetism, depending on synthesis conditions.