gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation. (1989)

Nicotine dependence and the role of various pharmacotherapeutic adjuncts in the medical management of nicotine withdrawal and smoking cessation are reviewed. Nicotine has been shown to be the drug in tobacco that causes addiction. The nicotine withdrawal syndrome is primarily characterized by craving, irritability, frustration, anger, anxiety, poor concentration, restlessness, weight gain, and decreased heart rate. Pharmacotherapeutic interventions can be classified into four groups: therapy that (1) replaces nicotine, (2) antagonizes nicotine, (3) provides symptomatic treatment for nicotine withdrawal, and (4) deters smoking. Nicotine replacement therapy with nicotine polacrilex gum has had minimal effect on increasing-smoking cessation among patients seen in a general medical practice setting. It is most effective in nicotine dependent smokers when it is used concomitantly with behavioral or psychological counseling. Nicotine antagonist therapy with mecamylamine may be useful in recalcitrant cases of nicotine dependence. Clonidine, in both oral and transdermal forms, has been shown to be effective for reduction of symptoms and craving associated with smoking cessation. Research on using the tricyclic antidepressants imipramine and doxepin to promote smoking cessation by reducing withdrawal symptoms is in its preliminary phases. Lobeline, an alkaloid with effects similar to those of nicotine, is an FDA Category III drug (i.e., safe, but of unknown efficacy) and is available without prescription. Silver acetate chewing gum deters smoking by producing an unpleasant metallic taste on concomitant ingestion of the agent and tobacco. It is an FDA Category III drug and is available without prescription. Drugs used in therapy of nicotine withdrawal include nicotine replacements, nicotine antagonists, agents to lessen the symptoms of withdrawal, and smoking deterrents. None of the drugs is completely effective. Successful drug use for smoking cessation involves consideration of the psychological, as well as physiological, aspects of nicotine addiction.
Bounds on the Spectra of Angle-Modulated Waves (1968)

The quantitative evaluation of the spectrum of anglemodulated waves is considered. Bounds are obtained by exploiting the similarity of a spectrum to a probability density and by making use of the known bounds on the tails of probability distributions. This approach applies to cases of modulation by Gaussian processes and some non-Gaussian processes. For a Gaussian modulation, a method is presented which achieves successively tighter results at the expense of increased computation.
Forecasting Volatility:Evidence from the German Stock Market (2001)

In this paper we compare two basic approaches to forecast volatility in the German stock market. The first approach uses various univariate time series techniques while the second approach makes use of volatility implied in option prices. The time series models include the historical mean model, the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) model, four ARCH-type models and a stochastic volatility (SV) model. Based on the utilization of volatility forecasts in option pricing and Value-at-Risk (VaR), various forecast horizons and forecast error measurements are used to assess the ability of volatility forecasts. We show that the model rankings are sensitive to the error measurements as well as the forecast horizons. The result indicates that it is difficult to state which method is the clear winner. However, when option pricing is the primary interest, the SV model and implied volatility should be used. On the other hand, when VaR is the objective, the ARCH-type models are useful. Furthermore, a trading strategy suggests that the time series models are not better than the implied volatility in predicting volatility.
Develop an Adaptive Real-Time Indoor Intrusion Detection System Based on Empirical Analysis of OFDM Subcarriers (2021)

Device-free passive intrusion detection is a promising technology to determine whether moving subjects are present without deploying any specific sensors or devices in the area of interest. With the rapid development of wireless technology, multi-input multi-output (MIMO) and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) which were originally exploited to improve the stability and bandwidth of Wi-Fi communication, can now support extensive applications such as indoor intrusion detection, patient monitoring, and healthcare monitoring for the elderly. At present, most research works use channel state information (CSI) in the IEEE 802.11n standard to analyze signals and select features. However, there are very limited studies on intrusion detection in real home environments that consider scenarios that include different motion speeds, different numbers of intruders, varying locations of devices, and whether people are present sleeping at home. In this paper, we propose an adaptive real-time indoor intrusion detection system using subcarrier correlation-based features based on the characteristics of narrow frequency spacing of adjacent subcarriers. We propose a link-pair selection algorithm for choosing an optimal link pair as a baseline for subsequent CSI processing. We prototype our system on commercial Wi-Fi devices and compare the overall performance with those of state-of-the-art approaches. The experimental results demonstrate that our system achieves impressive performance regardless of intruder's motion speeds, number of intruders, non-line-of-sight conditions, and sleeping occupant conditions.
Wrangling Phosphoproteomic Data to Elucidate Cancer Signaling Pathways (2013)

The interpretation of biological data sets is essential for generating hypotheses that guide research, yet modern methods of global analysis challenge our ability to discern meaningful patterns and then convey results in a way that can be easily appreciated. Proteomic data is especially challenging because mass spectrometry detectors often miss peptides in complex samples, resulting in sparsely populated data sets. Using the R programming language and techniques from the field of pattern recognition, we have devised methods to resolve and evaluate clusters of proteins related by their pattern of expression in different samples in proteomic data sets. We examined tyrosine phosphoproteomic data from lung cancer samples. We calculated dissimilarities between the proteins based on Pearson or Spearman correlations and on Euclidean distances, whilst dealing with large amounts of missing data. The dissimilarities were then used as feature vectors in clustering and visualization algorithms. The quality of the clusterings and visualizations were evaluated internally based on the primary data and externally based on gene ontology and protein interaction networks. The results show that t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) followed by minimum spanning tree methods groups sparse proteomic data into meaningful clusters more effectively than other methods such as k-means and classical multidimensional scaling. Furthermore, our results show that using a combination of Spearman correlation and Euclidean distance as a dissimilarity representation increases the resolution of clusters. Our analyses show that many clusters contain one or more tyrosine kinases and include known effectors as well as proteins with no known interactions. Visualizing these clusters as networks elucidated previously unknown tyrosine kinase signal transduction pathways that drive cancer. Our approach can be applied to other data types, and can be easily adopted because open source software packages are employed.
Electrographic Seizures in Preterm and Full-Term Neonates: Clinical Correlates, Associated Brain Lesions, and Risk for Neurologic Sequelae (1993)

Electrographically confirmed seizures in preterm and term neonates were compared with respect to clinical correlates, incidence, associated brain lesions, and risk for neurologic sequelae. Over a 4-year period, 92 neonates from a neonatal intensive care unit population of 4020 admissions at a large obstetric hospital with 40,845 livebirths had electrographically confirmed seizures. Sixty-two neonates were preterm and 30 were full-term for gestational age. Chi-square calculations were used to compare the two groups. While the incidence of seizures for all neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit was 2.3%, outborn neonates were more likely to have seizures than inborn neonates. Preterm neonates of < or = 30 weeks gestational age had a seizure frequency of 3.9%, which was significantly higher than that of older preterm neonates and full-term neonates. Clinical criteria contemporaneous with electrographic seizures were noted in only 28 (45%) of 62 preterm, and 16 (53%) of 30 full-term neonates. Subtle seizures coincident with electrographically confirmed seizures were the most predominant clinical type for both term and preterm neonates (71% and 68%, respectively). The distribution of clonic, myoclonic, and tonic seizures was also similar for both groups. Autonomic signs coincident with electrographically confirmed seizures (ie, blood pressure, heart rate, oxygenation, respiration changes) were more frequently observed in preterm than full-term neonates with subtle seizures; 7 (37%) of 19 compared with 1 (6%) of 16. Electrical seizures without clinical correlates were noted more frequently than electroclinical seizures for both populations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Associations Between Midlife Vascular Risk Factors and 25-Year Incident Dementia in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Cohort (2017)

Midlife vascular risk factors are associated with increased risk of dementia in black and white ARIC Study participants. Further studies are needed to evaluate the mechanism of and opportunities for prevention of the cognitive sequelae of these risk factors in midlife.
Induction Machine Phase Balancing by Unsymmetrical Thyristor Voltage Control (1985)

High inrush currents and unbalanced supply voltages are two of the major causes for failure of polyphase induction machines. While thyristor voltage controllers, sometimes called static starters, are in widespread use to limit damaging inrush currents, little attention has been paid to the use of these controllers to balance the phases voltages of the machine. The technical feasibility of unsymmetric control to limit unbalanced currents is explored. A substantial reduction in losses is shown to be possible for two specific types of unbalance.
DeepMove (2018)

Human mobility prediction is of great importance for a wide spectrum of location-based applications. However, predicting mobility is not trivial because of three challenges: 1) the complex sequential transition regularities exhibited with time-dependent and high-order nature; 2) the multi-level periodicity of human mobility; and 3) the heterogeneity and sparsity of the collected trajectory data. In this paper, we propose DeepMove, an attentional recurrent network for mobility prediction from lengthy and sparse trajectories. In DeepMove, we first design a multi-modal embedding recurrent neural network to capture the complicated sequential transitions by jointly embedding the multiple factors that govern the human mobility. Then, we propose a historical attention model with two mechanisms to capture the multi-level periodicity in a principle way, which effectively utilizes the periodicity nature to augment the recurrent neural network for mobility prediction. We perform experiments on three representative real-life mobility datasets, and extensive evaluation results demonstrate that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art models by more than 10%. Moreover, compared with the state-of-the-art neural network models, DeepMove provides intuitive explanations into the prediction and sheds light on interpretable mobility prediction.
Polyoxyethylene di‐phosphonates as efficient dispersing polymers for aqueous suspensions (1997)

Polyoxyethylenes having a di-phosphonate functional group at one of their chain ends strongly adsorb on calcium carbonate particles in aqueous colloidal suspensions. An enhanced colloidal stability of such suspensions results with a concomitant drastic reduction of the viscosity of concentrated aqueous suspensions. The viscosity of a 20 wt % CaCO3 colloidal suspension in water could be lowered to 2 mPa · s with low concentrations of polymer. The adsorption and viscosity reduction were studied as a function of the chemical nature of the end chain group and the polymer molecular weight. The di-phosphonate group was found the most efficient anionic group when associated with a polyoxyethylene of polymerization degree larger than 20. The main features of this di-block architecture of the polymer are discussed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65: 2545–2555, 1997
Application of the Mean Traveltime Curves to GPR and VSP Data (2009)

Acoustic tomography methods belong to the class of non destructive inspection techniques and are widely used in engineering applications. One of the main issues for these methods is the direct arrivals, which can be noisy or affected by scattering or other propagation effects. Mean traveltime curves describe the variation of the main statistical parameters (robust and non robust) of the traveltime distribution for the different gathering subsets as a function of the gather index. These curves constitute a simple methodology to analyze before inversion the traveltime quality in 2D acoustic transmission tomography experiments conducted in relatively homogeneous blocks or even in heterogeneous media. This analysis can help to discriminate the contribution of picking errors from that of geological heterogeneities, providing to the geophysicist the best isotropic or elliptical anisotropic velocity model, valid at experimental scale, and matching the empirical traveltime distribution. In this contribution we show the application of this methodology to two different novel kinds of data sets: VSP and GPR data.
Viscoelastic Rotational Vibration Absorber for Remote Sensing Applications (2003)

The ability to eliminate, or effectively control, vibration in remote sensing applications is critical. Any perturbations of an imaging system are greatly magnified over the hundreds of kilometers from the orbiting space platform to the Earth’s surface. Space platforms, such as the International Space Station, are not as predictable or stable as many other spacecraft. Therefore, an effective vibration isolation and/or absorber system is needed that operates over a wide range of excitation frequencies. A passive system is also preferred to reduce the resources required, as well as provide a reliable and self-contained system. To accomplish these goals, a vibration amplitude limiting system has been developed that uses both vibration isolation and absorber components. Viscoelastic structural elements that act as both a spring and a damper in a single element are implemented in the design. This configuration also demonstrates a favorable frequency dependent response and produces a system with improved dynamic behavior compared to conventional spring and damper designs. This rotation limiting vibration system has been designed and analyzed for use in digital remote sensing imaging. The transmissibility and the ground jitter associated with the system are determined. A summary of these results will be presented along with a comparison to a more conventional vibration isolation/absorber system.
Supplementary Figure S10 from Better than RECIST and Faster than iRECIST: Defining the Immunotherapy Progression Decision Score to Better Manage Progressive Tumors on Immunotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Log hazard ratios (HR) computed by cox model. The variables studied were: GRIm, RMH, NLR BL &amp; the iPD score. The only significant variable was the iPD score (HR = 2, p &lt; 0.005).&lt;/p&gt;
Optical Guidance Systems for Epidural Space Identification (2016)

Epidurals are the most diffused loco-regional techniques for the relief of operative, postoperative, and chronic pain and are used for about 50% of deliveries. Currently, doctors still identify epidural space relying on subjective perception, by using “blind” manual techniques to which are associated failure rate up to 7%. In the last years, many systems aimed at assisting and guiding the placement of epidural needle have been proposed. In particular, optical systems basically rely on the integration inside the epidural needle lumen of optical fiber probes providing real-time discrimination of differing tissue types during needle penetration. In this study, aside of providing an exhaustive overview on the systems proposed so far, we also report on a novel sensorized medical needle, based on the judicious integration of a fiber Bragg grating sensor inside the epidural needle lumen. Our device, by providing continuous and real-time measurements of the pressure experienced by the needle tip during its advancement, is able to effectively detect the needle passage from one tissue to the other. A pilot study carried out on an epidural training phantom demonstrates the validity of our approach for making the needle placement into the epidural space easier and safer.
The LHCb Detector at the LHC (2008)

The LHCb experiment is dedicated to precision measurements of CP violation and rare decays of B hadrons at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN (Geneva). The initial configuration and expected performance of the detector and associated systems, as established by test beam measurements and simulation studies, is described.
Time-of-Day-Dependent Effects of Monochromatic Light Exposure on Human Autonomic Nervous System (2009)

We report the time-of-day-dependent effects of monochromatic lights at wavelength of 458 nm and 550 nm on human physiological and psychological parameters under the same irradiance density (9.8 µW/cm2 at eye level). We conducted an experiment in the daytime and nighttime on different days. Twelve subjects were selected, none of whom was either a morning-type or evening-type person, as assessed by the morningness/eveningness questionnaire. We found that 458 nm light exposure caused a greater high-frequency (HF)/(HF+low-frequency (LF)) component than did 550 nm light. The change of oral temperature (ΔTor) during exposure to 458 nm light was larger than that to 550 nm light in the daytime. Our findings indicate that short-wavelength monochromatic light can affect the circadian rhythms of autonomic nerve function and body temperature.
Combiner Optimisation Stochastique et Frontières pour l'Exploration 3D avec un Flotte de Drones (2019)

National audience
Alternative Access for Mechanical Circulatory Support (2020)

Technological advancements and the development of shock teams and protocols have led to increasing utilization of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices. These large-bore devices are used to provide hemodynamic support in patients undergoing complex cardiovascular procedures and to support end-organ perfusion in those with heart failure or cardiogenic shock. Vascular access complications are common and limit the therapeutic and hemodynamic benefits of such devices. In this review, the authors discuss common techniques used to overcome hostile femoral anatomy and review alternative accesses that can be used for the safe delivery of MCS devices.
Deletion of the forminDiaph1protects from structural and functional abnormalities in the murine diabetic kidney (2018)

Diaphanous 1 (DIAPH1), a member of the formin family, binds to the cytoplasmic domain of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and is required for RAGE signal transduction. Experiments employing genetic overexpression or deletion of Ager (the gene encoding RAGE) or its pharmacological antagonism implicate RAGE in the pathogenesis of diabetes-associated nephropathy. We hypothesized that DIAPH1 contributes to pathological and functional derangements in the kidneys of diabetic mice. We show that DIAPH1 is expressed in the human and murine diabetic kidney, at least in part in the tubulointerstitium and glomerular epithelial cells or podocytes. To test the premise that DIAPH1 is linked to diabetes-associated derangements in the kidney, we rendered male mice globally devoid of Diaph1 ( Diaph1<sup>-/-</sup>) or wild-type controls (C57BL/6 background) diabetic with streptozotocin. Control mice received equal volumes of citrate buffer. After 6 mo of hyperglycemia, diabetic Diaph1<sup>-/-</sup> mice displayed significantly reduced mesangial sclerosis, podocyte effacement, glomerular basement thickening, and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio compared with diabetic mice expressing Diaph1. Analysis of whole kidney cortex revealed that deletion of Diaph1 in diabetic mice significantly reduced expression of genes linked to fibrosis and inflammation. In glomerular isolates, expression of two genes linked to podocyte stress, growth arrest-specific 1 ( Gas1) and cluster of differentiation 36 ( Cd36), was significantly attenuated in diabetic Diaph1<sup>-/-</sup> mice compared with controls, in parallel with significantly higher levels of nestin (Nes) mRNA, a podocyte marker. Collectively, these data implicate DIAPH1 in the pathogenesis of diabetes-associated nephropathy and suggest that the RAGE-DIAPH1 axis is a logical target for therapeutic intervention in this disorder.
A CMOS Quadrature Down-Converter for Direct-Conversion Receiver of 5.15-5.825GHz Wireless LAN (2005)

A CMOS quadrature down-converter for a direct-conversion receiver of 5.15-5.825GHz wireless LAN is described. The down-converter consists of two sub-harmonic mixers, for I and Q channels, and an LO generation network. In order to prevent the low-frequency component generated by the even-order distortion of the transconductance stage from being leaked to the mixer output, transconductance and switching stages are AC coupled. LO signals spaced by 45 for quadrature downconversion with sub-harmonic mixing are generated by a 3-stage poly-phase filter and an interpolation circuit. The simulation results including all the parasitics show 11.8dB NF at 100kHz output frequency, 14dB conversion gain with 1kΩ load, and 2.4dBm iIP3 while consuming 84mW under 1.8V supply. The quadrature downconverter is under fabrication with the other receiver blocks in a 0.18μm CMOS technology.
Inhibition of Extrinsic Pathway Inhibitor Shortens the Coagulation Time of Normal Plasma and of Hemophilia Plasma (1991)

An increasing amount of evidence suggests that coagulation factors VIII and IX play a role not only in the intrinsic but also in the extrinsic pathway of coagulation. In this context the influence of the Extrinsic Pathway Inhibitor (EPI) on the coagulation time of hemophilia plasma lacking FVIII or FIX has been investigated. The coagulation time was measured in a dilute thromboplastin assay. Addition of recombinant EPI (rEPI) prolonged the coagulation time of normal plasma while the addition of an inhibitory antibody against EPI shortened the coagulation time. At low concentrations of thromboplastin the coagulation time of hemophilia plasma was prolonged and at all dilutions of thromboplastin, addition of anti-EPI IgG normalized the coagulation time of a hemophilia plasma. Analysis of 10 individual donor plasma samples and 8 individual hemophilia samples showed that addition of anti-EPI IgG shortened the coagulation time more in hemophilia plasma than in normal plasma. This illustrates the importance of a powerful extrinsic FVII dependent pathway to achieve hemostasis in the case of FVIII or FIX deficiency (hemophilia A and B).
Hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Short-term outcomes in 376 patients (2009)

BackgroundHand-assisted laparoscopic surgery (HALS) is an attractive alternative to straight-laparoscopy for patients with complex intra-abdominal pathology, and has been increasingly used for patients with inflammatory bowel disease. We report shortterm outcomes in a large single institution series.