gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectral-kinetic and Lasing Characteristics of New Nd3+-activated Laser Hosts of the KF-YF3System (1990)

Abstract The results of the investigation of two new laser hosts are reported. Stimulated emission from Nd3+ ions has been observed for the first time in the two ordered fluoride crystals of the KF-YF3 system: KYF4 (FYK) and K2YF5 (PYFK). The major luminescent and lasing characteristics of the crystals are presented. The stimulated emission spectrum features and application prospects of the new laser hosts are discussed.
Validation and Experience With a Simple Continuous Intra-abdominal Pressure Measurement Technique in a Multidisciplinary Medical/Surgical Critical Care Unit (2008)

Overall, CIAP is an accurate and simple means of measuring IAP when compared with the current standardized method. Elevated CIAP measurements should be confirmed with IIAP measurements if accurate grading is required until further validation and experience is obtained.
REPAIRING CRACKS IN PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE USING POLYMERS. FINAL REPORT (1986)

Cracking in portland cement concrete pavements and bridge decks causes many problems including reduced stiffness which leads to greater deflections and additional cracking. Water and chlorides are able to penetrate cracks resulting in freeze-thaw deterioration and corrosion of reinforcement. Several methods of repairing cracks were investigated in the study. One method consisted of using polymer concrete in enlarged cracks in pavements. The cracks were enlarged with a crack cutter. Sand was placed in the crack and saturated with monomer to form a strong polymer concrete which bonded well to the portland cement concrete. Evaluations of many miles of repaired cracks on I-610 indicate very good performance. The disadvantage of the method is the length of time required to enlarge the cracks. Epoxy injection was investigated in the laboratory using different crack widths and three different ambient temperatures in cracked slabs. The slabs were recracked to determine recracking strength and location of the second crack. For the epoxy used, the recracking strength was good for 70 degrees F and higher; the results at 40 degrees F reflected the slow curing of the epoxy. Generally epoxy injection provided a good bond but crack preparation was found to be very important. Limited field tests were conducted. High molecular weight methacrylate monomer systems (HMWM) were investigated for brushing on the surface of cracked concrete. The monomer filled the cracks in dry laboratory slabs to 95 percent of the crack length for cracks as narrow as 0.2 mm. Moisture in the crack reduced the penetration but more than adequate filling was observed. Recracking strength was good. Some success was achieved with spraying cracked concrete overhead.
Isolation, characterization and gene sequence analysis of a membrane-associated 89 kDa Fe(III) reducing cytochrome c from Geobacter sulfurreducens (2001)

Geobacter sulfurreducens is capable of anaerobic respiration with Fe(III) as a terminal electron acceptor via a membrane-bound Fe(III) reductase activity associated with a large molecular mass cytochrome c. This cytochrome was purified by detergent extraction of the membrane fraction, Q-Sepharose ion-exchange chromatography, preparative electrophoresis, and MonoQ ion-exchange chromatography. Spectrophotometric analysis of the purified cytochrome reveals a c-type haem, with no evidence of haem a, haem b or sirohaem. The cytochrome has an M(r) of 89000 as determined by denaturing PAGE, and has an isoelectric point of 5.2 as determined by analytical isoelectric focusing. Dithionite-reduced cytochrome can donate electrons to Fe(III)-nitrilotriacetic acid and synthetic ferrihydrite, thus demonstrating that the cytochrome has redox and thermodynamic properties required for reduction of Fe(III). Analysis using cyclic voltammetry confirmed that the reduced cytochrome can catalytically transfer electrons to ferrihydrite, further demonstrating its ability to be an electron transport mediator in anaerobic Fe(III) respiration. Sequence analysis of a cloned chromosomal DNA fragment revealed a 2307 bp open reading frame (ferA) encoding a 768 amino acid protein corresponding to the 89 kDa cytochrome. The deduced amino acid sequence (FerA) translated from the open reading frame contained 12 putative haem-binding motifs, as well as a hydrophobic N-terminal membrane anchor sequence, a lipid-attachment site and an ATP/GTP-binding site. FerA displayed 20% or less identity with amino acid sequences of other known cytochromes, although it does share some features with characterized polyhaem cytochromes c.
Dissolution of borosilicate glass in the presence of basalt and groundwater at 300 bars and 100/sup 0/ to 300/sup 0/C (1983)

Borosilicate glass, PNL 76-78, a simulated waste form for nuclear waste disposal, was reacted together with a Columbia River tholeiitic basalt and synthetic groundwater in modified Dickson-type rocking autoclaves. These experiments were performed to determine the suitability of disposing borosilicate glass in a nuclear waste repository located in basalt. Solutions were sampled periodically over durations of one month at 300/sup 0/C, three months at 200/sup 0/C, and seven months at 100/sup 0/C. Water:solid mass ratio was 10:1. From the observations on the solutions and solid phases it appeared that significant dissolution, reaction, and precipitation occurred at 200/sup 0/ and 300/sup 0/C, but that only dissolution occurred at 100/sup 0/C. The lack of precipitation of daughter phases or reaction of solution with the basalt at 100/sup 0/C caused all elements released from the borosilicate glass to remain in solution. This is interpreted to be caused by kinetic limitations on the nucleation of daughter phases. The average dissolution rate at 100/sup 0/C was roughly 0.5 g glass per liter groundwater per square meter of glass surface per month.
Self-purification processes in Estonian rivers receiving sewage from oil shale processing industry. (2002)

Rivers in the northeastern part of Estonia have been for decades under constant input of phenolic leachate water from semi-coke mounds formed as by-product of oil-shale processing. The dynamics of chemical and microbiological parameters were studied along river system polluted by ash-dump leachate in May-September 1995. The structure of the bacterial community was characterized by general microbial functional groups (heterotrophic bacteria), by biodegradative bacterial groups (phenol, m-toluate, benzoate, salicylate, camphor, naphtalene and heptane degrading bacteria), and by community-level physiological profile (Biolog microplates). The taxonomic diversity of the isolated phenol-utilizing bacterial strains was studied using commercial identification systems (Biolog and API). Multivariate statistical techniques were applied to relate different aspects of bacterial community structure to environmental parameters, and to assess the relationships between different estimates of community stricture. Pollution markedly altered all aspects of the studied microbial diversity. The structure and functioning of the bacterial communities changed significantly along the river and revealed remarkable adaptation to phenolic compounds in environment. Based on the data observed the concentration of volatile phenols decreased as an average 85 % along the river system, and the most significant process involved in self-purification is biodegradation of these compounds.
Inductive gas line for pulsed lasers (2023)

A gas laser having a metal inlet gas feed line assembly shaped as a coil, to function as an electrical inductance and therefore high impedance to pulses of electric current applied to electrodes at opposite ends of a discharge tube of a laser, for example. This eliminates a discharge path for the laser through the inlet gas feed line. A ferrite core extends through the coil to increase the inductance of the coil and provide better electric isolation. By elimination of any discharge breakdown through the gas supply, efficiency is increased and a significantly longer operating lifetime of the laser is provided.
Serum modulation of neutrophil response to Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS in periodontal disease. (1999)

Rapidly progressive periodontitis is a form of early onset periodontitis characterised by severe gingival inflammation and rapid bone loss. Release of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria initiates various biological activities including complement activation, cytotoxicity, and bone resorption. Serum from rapidly progressive periodontitis patients has been reported to enhance the superoxide response of normal neutrophils to lipopolysaccharide purified from Porphyromonas gingivalis, compared to control serum. The purpose of this study was to identify the factor in rapidly progressive periodontitis serum which is responsible for the enhancement of lipopolysaccharide activity. Candidate molecules were considered to be lipopolysaccharide binding protein or antibody to lipopolysaccharide. Lipopolysaccharide binding protein was quantified in serum by ELISA, and rapidly progressive periodontitis sera were found to contain two to three fold more lipopolysaccharide binding protein than control sera. Removal of lipopolysaccharide binding protein from either serum by adsorption to an anti lipopolysaccharide binding protein-sepharose affinity column removed the priming activity of normal neutrophils. Addition of exogenous lipopolysaccharide binding protein to control sera enhanced the priming activity in a dose dependent manner. These results suggest that lipopolysaccharide binding protein in rapidly progressive periodontitis serum may be responsible for enhancement of superoxide generation, which may result in more severe tissue damage in these patients.
High sensitivity lab-on-fiber biosensing platform assisted by oriented antibody immobilization strategy (2023)

The demand for highly sensitive, fast and low-cost biosensors for reliable quantification of small biomolecules or cancer biomarkers is leading to the development of a new class of devices able to change the techniques currently used for diagnosis in oncology. Lab‐on‐fiber (LoF) optrodes offer several advantages over conventional techniques for point‐of‐care platforms aimed at real‐time and label‐free detection of clinically relevant biomarkers. Moreover, the easy integration of LoF platforms in medical needles, catheters and nano-endoscopes offers unique potentials for in vivo biopsies and tumor microenvironment assessment. Here, we demonstrate the capability to improve the immobilization strategies through the use of hinge carbohydrates by involving homemade antibodies that demonstrated a significantly improved recognition of the antigen with ultra‐low detection limits. In order to create an effective pipeline for the improvement of biofunctionalization protocols to be used in connection with the LoF platform, here we first, optimized the protocol using a microfluidic Surface Plasmon Resonance device. Then we transferred the optimized strategy on LoF platform, based on Optical Fiber Meta‐tip (OFMT), for the final validation. As a clinically relevant scenario, we focused on a serological biomarker, Cripto‐1, for its ability to promote tumorigenesis in breast and liver cancer. Reported results demonstrate that the proposed approach based on oriented antibody immobilization is able to significantly improve Cripto‐1 detection with a ten‐fold enhancement versus the random approach. Therefore, our work opens new avenues in the development of high‐sensitivity LoF biosensors for the detection of clinically relevant biomarkers in the sub‐ng/mL range.
Purification and properties of two forms of leucyl-tRNA synthetase from pig myocardium (1986)

Описан метод выделения из миокарда свиньи свободной и ассоциированной с другими аминоацил-тРНК-синтетазами форм лейцил-тРНК-синтетазы и проведено сравнение ряда их физико-химических свойств. Установлено, что лейцил-тРНК-синтетазная активность в составе высокомолекулярного комплекса более устойчива к термоинактивации.
Automatic Generation of Route Control Chart From Validated Signal Interlocking Plan (2020)

Railway signalling is a complex and safety critical problem that has been extensively studied and standardised over a long period of time. The signalling equipment is typically procured from standard vendors and configured with yard specific application logic for which the route control chart (RCC) is a key input. As the yard size increases, the number of routes also increases and accordingly the difficulty of RCC preparation increases rapidly. RCC preparation for big yards may take months and affects the project deadlines adversely. In this work we report computational procedures to address: <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$a$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) capturing of signal interlocking plan (SIP) given on paper and storing it using suitable data structures, <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$b$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) generating the RCC automatically from the captured SIP supported by procedures based on graph theoretic formulation, <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$c$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) storing the SIP graphically in memory, <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$d$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) application of formal methods towards validation of yard structure and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$e$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) generation of temporal logic properties for formal verification of electronic interlocking (EI) logic. Several important steps towards RCC generation, such as conflict identification and isolation determination and also validation and verification (V&V) covering yard layout and safety property generation based on graph theoretic modelling are the most interesting aspect of this work. The described techniques have been tested successfully on many actual yards.
AN APPARATUS FOR THE BUTT-WELDING OF FINE WIRES (1947)

A butt-welding apparatus employing a condenser discharge is described. This apparatus was developed for welding thermocouples of small dimensions but is suitable for most types of fine wires. The welding characteristics and possible applications are given in detail.
A multivalent Ara-C-prodrug nanoconjugate achieves selective ablation of leukemic cells in an acute myeloid leukemia mouse model (2021)

Current therapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is based on chemotherapeutic drugs administered at high doses, lacking targeting selectivity and displaying poor therapeutic index because of severe adverse effects. Here, we develop a novel nanoconjugate that combines a self-assembled, multivalent protein nanoparticle, targeting the CXCR4 receptor, with an Oligo-Ara-C prodrug, a pentameric form of Ara-C, to highly increase the delivered payload to target cells. This 13.4 nm T22-GFP-H6-Ara-C nanoconjugate selectively eliminates CXCR4<sup>+</sup> AML cells, which are protected by its anchoring to the bone marrow (BM) niche, being involved in AML progression and chemotherapy resistance. This nanoconjugate shows CXCR4-dependent internalization and antineoplastic activity in CXCR4<sup>+</sup> AML cells in vitro. Moreover, repeated T22-GFP-H6-Ara-C administration selectively eliminates CXCR4<sup>+</sup> leukemic cells in BM, spleen and liver. The leukemic dissemination blockage induced by T22-GFP-H6-Ara-C is significantly more potent than buffer or Oligo-Ara-C-treated mice, showing no associated on-target or off-target toxicity and, therefore, reaching a highly therapeutic window. In conclusion, T22-GFP-H6-Ara-C exploits its 11 ligands-multivalency to enhance target selectivity, while the Oligo-Ara-C prodrug multimeric form increases 5-fold its payload. This feature combination offers an alternative nanomedicine with higher activity and greater tolerability than current intensive or non-intensive chemotherapy for AML patients.
Study of the interaction of antigens and antibodies by photoluminescence spectra excited by ultraviolet laser radiation (2011)

Photoluminescence spectra of isotonic solutions of antigens, i.e., “Taeniarhynchus saginatus” (polysaccharide) larvae and aqueous solutions of antibodies to them, extracted from calf blood serum are measured. Photoluminescence spectra were excited by ultraviolet radiation (266 nm) of the fourth harmonic of the yttrium aluminum garnet laser. The spectra of these objects are strong bands with intensity maxima at wavelengths of 341 and 332 nm for serum and polysaccharide, respectively. It was found that mixing of polysaccharide and serum solutions in a ratio 1:6 results in a drastic decrease in the photoluminescence intensity spectrum, which indicates bonding of corresponding molecular structures.
Abstract 5905: 3', 4-Dihydroxyflavonol Reduces Infarct Size in a Porcine Acute Myocardial Infarction-Reperfusion Model (2009)

A graph-oriented object database model (GOOD) is introduced as a theoretical basis for database systems in which manipulation as well as conceptual representation of data is transparently graph-based. In the GOOD model, the scheme as well as the instance of an object database is represented by a graph, and the data manipulation is expressed by graph transformations. These graph transformations are described using five basic operations and a method construct, all with a natural semantics. The basic operations add and delete objects and edges as a function of the matchings of a pattern. The expressiveness of the model in terms of object-oriented modeling and data manipulation power is investigated .
Caratterizzazione di schiume strutturali mediante prove di compressione idrostatica (2002)

Development of lung cancer is closely related to smoking in a majority of patients. Most smokers, however, do not develop lung cancer in spite of a high mutational load accumulating in the lung tissue. Here we investigate whether a cancer-specific footprint can be revealed by investigating circulating inflammatory markers in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) compared with patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), both cohorts characterised by similar smoking history. Serum concentrations of 57 cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) from 43 patients with advanced NSCLC were evaluated by multiplex immunoassays and compared with serum samples from 35 patients with COPD. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering and non-parametric analyses were performed. False discovery rate was used to adjust for multiple testing. Clustering of cytokine and MMP concentrations in the serum revealed a distinct separation of the NSCLC patients from the COPD group. Individual concentrations of thymus and activation-regulated cytokine (C-C motif chemokine ligand 17), Gro-b (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2)), CXCL13, interleukin (IL)-1ra, IL-6, IL-8 (CXCL8), IL-16, IL-17A, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, platelet-derived growth factor subunit B, MMP-2, MMP-8 and MMP-12 were significantly different in serum from NSCLC and COPD patients. Moreover, the interferon-γ/IL-10 ratio was lower in cancer patients compared with COPD patients, consistent with a cytokine milieu favouring tumour tolerance. Our results suggest that NSCLC is characterised by a distinct inflammatory signature in serum. The different cytokine profiles in NSCLC and COPD patients may represent tumour-promoting and tumour-suppressing immune responses developing in response to mucosal inflammation and mutations induced by smoking.
A Note on the Effects of some Minor Additions on Sintering of Titania (1966)

The effects of minor additions such as Li2O, ZnO, Al2O3 MgO, NiO etc. on the sintering and grain growth of technical titania from 1100°C to 1400°C have been investigated. The effect of additives varies with the sintering temperature.The linear shrinkage of specimens at relatively lower temperatures is given by the expression where I represents the diameter of the specimens, t is the time of soaking at shrinkage temperature and k is a rate constant. The variation of K with temperature T (°K) follows an exponential expression k=koe—E/RT where E is the activation energy of sintering. It has been observed that the value of E decreases with minor additions of the above oxides.
Carbon Dioxide Separation from Flue Gases: A Technological Review Emphasizing Reduction in Greenhouse Gas Emissions (2014)

Increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as CO2 in the atmosphere is a global warming. Human activities are a major cause of increased CO2 concentration in atmosphere, as in recent decade, two-third of greenhouse effect was caused by human activities. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a major strategy that can be used to reduce GHGs emission. There are three methods for CCS: pre-combustion capture, oxy-fuel process, and post-combustion capture. Among them, post-combustion capture is the most important one because it offers flexibility and it can be easily added to the operational units. Various technologies are used for CO2 capture, some of them include: absorption, adsorption, cryogenic distillation, and membrane separation. In this paper, various technologies for post-combustion are compared and the best condition for using each technology is identified.
Immunization with Asian-Strain Influenza Vaccine (1958)

ALTHOUGH considerable information concerning the technic and value of influenza immunization had been acquired before the recent Asian-strain outbreak, surprising gaps in this information became apparent to those planning immunization programs at the outset of the epidemic. Extensive and careful studies, largely in the military,1 , 2 had confirmed and defined the efficacy of immunization with influenza-virus vaccines. On the basis of this evidence reasonable inferences could be drawn concerning antibody response (and protection against clinical influenza) after the administration of vaccine in large antigenic mass in a single injection by the subcutaneous route in young adult males in crowded population groups. . . .