gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Simulated IOL Tilt and Decentration on Spherical Aberration After Hyperopic LASIK for Different Intraocular Lenses (2012)

Our results suggest that the IOLs studied offer good visual quality when they are centered for both groups. However, tilt and decentration of monofocal IOLs have an impact on visual function in patients with hyperopic ablations. For these patients, the Akreos Adapt is the most robust to misalignments.
Parallel Computation of EM Backscattering from Large Three-Dimensional Sea Surface with CUDA (2018)

An efficient parallel computation using graphics processing units (GPUs) is developed for studying the electromagnetic (EM) backscattering characteristics from a large three-dimensional sea surface. A slope-deterministic composite scattering model (SDCSM), which combines the quasi-specular scattering of Kirchhoff Approximation (KA) and Bragg scattering of the two-scale model (TSM), is utilized to calculate the normalized radar cross section (NRCS in dB) of the sea surface. However, with the improvement of the radar resolution, there will be millions of triangular facets on the large sea surface which make the computation of NRCS time-consuming and inefficient. In this paper, the feasibility of using NVIDIA Tesla K80 GPU with four compute unified device architecture (CUDA) optimization strategies to improve the calculation efficiency of EM backscattering from a large sea surface is verified. The whole GPU-accelerated SDCSM calculation takes full advantage of coalesced memory access, constant memory, fast math compiler options, and asynchronous data transfer. The impact of block size and the number of registers per thread is analyzed to further improve the computation speed. A significant speedup of 748.26x can be obtained utilizing a single GPU for the GPU-based SDCSM implemented compared with the CPU-based counterpart performing on the Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3450.
Switched reluctance machine with higher number of rotor poles for high volume low cost manufacturing (2009)

This paper discusses a configuration of switched reluctance machine (SRM) that has novel relationship between the number of stator poles and rotor poles. Such a stator/rotor pole combination presents an SRM design with minimal torque ripple, acoustic noise and higher continuous rated power density. Further, the machine topology realizes these attributes while presenting attributes highly suitable for high volume manufacturing, commensurate with automotive applications. This issue forms the prime focus of this paper. A prototype 6/10 machine has been designed and manufactured to evaluate performance of the suggested configuration. Simulation and experimental results have been used to investigate the effectiveness of the machine for propulsion application in hybrid, plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles. A detailed comparison for the machine geometry and construction has also been presented, comparing it with a conventional three phase SRM with a 6/4 configuration in terms of geometric parameters, flux profiles, thermal ratings and cost-effectiveness.
CX3CR1 deficiency alters response to L. reuteri treatment of DSS‐induced colitis in mice (902.10) (2014)

Preliminary results from our laboratory suggest that two strains of the probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus reuteri ameliorate DSS‐induced colitis in mice. The chemokine receptor CX3CR1 is expressed by circulating monocytes and by intestinal lamina propria resident cells believed to be macrophages and/or dendritic cells. Mice deficient in CX3CR1 (CX3CR1GFP/GFP) develop an aggravated DSS‐induced colitis, suggesting a role of CX3CR1 in the maintenance of colonic homeostasis. The aim of the study was to investigate if the protective mechanism of L. reuteri R2LC or ATCC PTA 4659 on DSS‐induced colitis involve CX3CR1. Colitis was induced by 3% DSS in drinking water, administrated for 8 days to C57Bl/6 (wt) and CX3CR1GFP/GFP mice. Some of the mice were given L. reuteri R2LC or ATCC PTA 4659 by gavage once daily for 15 days in addition to DSS for the last 8 days. Disease activity index (DAI) was calculated from clinical symptoms and measurements of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL1‐β, IL‐6, TNF‐α and mKC were also performed in colonic tissue samples. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of colonic tissue sections was used to characterize the population of macrophages and dendritic cells. In the CX3CR1GFP/GFP mice, DAI increased slightly more by DSS than in the wt, and the L. reuteri strains did not significantly reduce DAI, in contrast to significant reductions in wt mice. The levels of all proinflammatory cytokines were significantly higher in DSS treated CX3CR1GFP/GFP mice than in wt. Treatment with L. reuteri significantly reduced most cytokines in wt and CX3CR1GFP/GFP mice. Preliminary data from IHC stainings show a phenotypically skewed population of lamina propria immune cells in CX3CR1GFP/GFP mice. These results indicate that the protective role of the two different strains of L. reuteri on DSS‐induced colitis is slightly reduced in CX3CR1GFP/GFP mice, compared to wt mice. Thus, the mechanism by which L.reuteri bacterial strains ameliorate colitis might involve CX3CR1.
Synthesis of potential impurities of dabigatran etexilate (2017)

The present work describes the origin, control, and synthesis of two potent impurities of dabigatran etexilate 1, dabigatran dimer 2, and dabigatran n-propyl ester 3 from the commercially available raw materials 2-[(4-cyanophenyl)amino]acetic acid (4) and N-[3-amino-4-(methylamino)benzoyl]-N-2-pyridinyl-β-alanine ethyl ester (5). These impurities are the process-related impurities and may affect the quality of drug substance, during its manufacturing in large scale. These impurities are not only the crucial components in determining the quality and safety of the drug substance 1 but also provide a better understanding of impurity profiling.
Sustainable Conversion of Glucose into Hydrogen Peroxide in a Solid Polymer Electrolyte Microbial Fuel Cell (2010)

From biomass to H2O2: The sustainable synthesis of hydrogen peroxide from glucose can be achieved by using a solid polymer electrolyte-based microbial fuel cell operating on an anaerobic hydrogen-producing mixed culture.
Backgate Bias Accelerator for sub-100 ns Sleep-to-Active Modes Transition Time (2008)

Backgate biasing is a promising technique for high speed systems. Leakage can be reduced during standby periods by reverse bias while adequate bias in active mode can balance process and temperature variations. This technique introduces no delay penalty in active mode but slow wake up time results in system performance degradation. In this paper, we demonstrate a circuit that provides fast charging of the backgate through a large MOSFET directly connected to the supply. A circuit based on a mirror delay is used to precisely turn off this MOSFET when the backgate voltage has reached the required bias voltage for active mode operation. A nonlinearity compensation operation is implemented to guarantee precise control of the timing despite a non-constant backgate charging rate during transition due to nonlinear backgate capacitance. A sleep-to-active mode transition on the order of 10 ns is demonstrated in a 90 nm CMOS technology. The accelerator occupies less than 2% of the total chip area, consumes 600 muW during the transitions and does not add any bias current during active and sleep modes.
Development of a Cryopreservation Technique for Xenogeneic Kidney Grafts: Evaluation Using a Mouse Model (2022)

To align the xeno-metanephros and renal progenitor cell timing for transplantation treatments, cryopreservation techniques and an efficient transportation of regenerated renal products such as xeno-metanephroi and renal progenitor cells should be established. Therefore, we propose a novel method of xenogeneic regenerative medicine for patients with chronic kidney disease by grafting porcine fetal kidneys injected with human renal progenitor cells. To develop a useful cryopreserve system of porcine fetal kidney and human renal progenitor cells, we examined the cryopreservation of a fetal kidney implanted with renal progenitor cells in a mouse model. First, we developed a new method for direct cell injection under the capsule of the metanephros using gelatin as a support for unzipped fetal kidneys. Then, we confirmed in vitro that the nephrons derived from the transplanted cells were regenerated even after cryopreservation before and after cell transplantation. Furthermore, the cryopreserved chimeric metanephroi grew, and regenerated nephrons were observed in NOD. We confirmed that even in cryopreserved chimeric metanephroi, transplanted cell-derived nephrons as well as fresh transplants grew.
Learning-Based Methods of Perception and Navigation for Ground Vehicles in Unstructured Environments: A Review (2020)

The problem of autonomous navigation of a ground vehicle in unstructured environments is both challenging and crucial for the deployment of this type of vehicle in real-world applications. Several well-established communities in robotics research deal with these scenarios such as search and rescue robotics, planetary exploration, and agricultural robotics. Perception plays a crucial role in this context, since it provides the necessary information to make the vehicle aware of its own status and its surrounding environment. We present a review on the recent contributions in the robotics literature adopting learning-based methods to solve the problem of environment perception and interpretation with the final aim of the autonomous context-aware navigation of ground vehicles in unstructured environments. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work providing such a review in this context.
Einfluß einer Änderung der Arbeitswalzen‐ oder Stützwalzenbalancierkraft auf die Verteilung der Bandzugspannungen über die Bandbreite beim Kaltwalzen breiter Bänder (1966)

Bedeutung der Bandzugspannungen und ihrer Verteilung über die Bandbreite für den Walzvorgang. Beeinflussung der Zugspannungsverteilung durch zusätzliches Biegen der Arbeitswalzen oder Stützwalzen. Berechnungsbeispiele für eine viergerüstige Kaltwalz‐Tandemstraße.
High-resistivity SiGe BiCMOS technology development (2014)

IBM first qualified a 0.35μm generation 1000 Ω-cm high resistivity substrate (HiRES) SiGe BiCMOS technology in 2011. This technology was optimized for WiFi and cellular NPN power amplifier (PA), NPN low noise amplifier (LNA), and isolated CMOS NFET switch rf front-end-IC (FEIC) integration. It includes an optional through silicon via used as a low inductance ground path for NPN emitters. Data for 50 Ω-cm, 1 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">st</sup> generation HiRES, and 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> generation HiRES NPN PA, LNA, and CMOS NFET switch devices are reviewed.
Association of CpG island methylator phenotype with clear-cell renal cell carcinoma aggressiveness. (2014)

4574 Background: The key roles of epigenetic dysregulation of chromatin remodeling genes in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have been recently discovered through exome-sequencing which showed frequent mutations of PBRM1, SETD2 and UTX genes. However, the contribution and the prognosis impact of DNA methylation aberrations in ccRCC remain limited. Methods: We herein analyzed DNA methylation of 298 primary ccRCC samples, fully annotated for clinico-pathological features and profiled by the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) project using infinium 450K arrays. Furthermore, we established DNA methylation subtypes based on distinct signatures, and correlated them with clinico-pathological tumor features and copy-number alterations. Results: Unsupervised hierarchical clustering based on DNA methylation of promoters located in CpG islands (CGI) revealed three clusters of ccRCC. Cluster C1 (n=65) displays a CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP+), while cluster C2 (n=53) and C3 (n=153) correspond to CIMP-low and CIMP negative subgroups, respectively. Tumors belonging to CIMP+ subgroup were more aggressive with higher pathological Fuhrman grade (p<0.00001), higher TNM stage (p<0.0001) and poorest overall survival (p=5.4e-9). After adjusting for classical clinico-pathoIogical prognostic factors using multivariate analysis, CIMP+ was not found to be independently associated with poor overall survival, suggesting that aberration DNA methylation might be acquired during tumor progression. Integration of DNA methylation with copy-number changes identified frequent gain of chr8q24.22 (p=0.0007) in CIMP+ subgroup, as well as losses of 9p23 (p=5.7E-09) and 9p21.3 (p=4.6E-07) regions. GSEA analysis reveals that promoters that gain DNA methylation in CIMP+ tumors were enriched for polycomb targets, and this was consistent with EZH2 increase (Fold change=1.5; p=0.05). Conclusions: Our study defines a novel genetically distinct CIMP subgroup in ccRCC associated with ccRCC aggressiveness and patient outcome. Furthermore, it provides evidence about the involvement of polycomb deregulation in ccRCC progression.
Monero - Privacy in the blockchain (2017)

The cryptocurrency Monero implements confidential transactions in public blockchains. In this Master's Thesis we describe in detail all the cryptographic mechanisms needed to conceal amounts, senders and receivers in transactions, warranting transaction confidentiality.
Control of hepatic glucose output by glucagon and insulin in the intact dog. (1978)

The regulation of hepatic glucose production by glucagon and insulin has been studied in the intact dog. An attempt has been made to evaluate the role of basal physiological concentrations of the hormones in the regulation of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Somatostatin was infused continuously into postabsorptive dogs to inhibit the secretion of both glucagon and insulin. Either or both hormones were then replaced intraportally by continuous infusion as desired. The main observations were as follows. (1) When both hormones were simultaneously replaced for periods up to 4.5h, plasma insulin and glucagon concentrations, total glucose output (glycogenolysis plus gluconeogenesis), glucose utilization and the plasma glucose concentration closely matched the same parameters in 0.9% NaCl-infused controls. (2) When glucagon alone was infused, thereby creating a selective insulin deficiency, glucose output (primarily glycogenolysis) rapidly increased by as much as threefold. Glycogenolytic glucose production then fell off progressively and returned to the control value within 4h. The gluconeogenic conversion of [14C]alanine and [14C]lactate into [14C]glucose was stimulated markedly and increased progressively throughout the test period. Glucagon therefore converted the liver from an organ largely dependent on glycogenolysis for glucose production to one heavily dependent on gluconeogenesis. The potent inhibitory effect of basal insulin on postabsorptive glucose output was also clearly apparent. (3) When insulin alone was infused, thereby creating a selective glucagon deficiency, glucose output (glycogenolysis) fell abruptly by about 30% and remained decreased. Gluconeogenesis also decreased (20%) after the selective removal of both insulin and glucagon, but it only remained suppressed for 1h. The low glucose output led to a modest fall in the blood glucose concentration. Thus glucagon plays an important role in maintaining basal glucose production. (4) When insulin was infused and the plasma glucose was kept at its control concentration by infusion of glucose in similar experiments to the above, the hepatic output of glucose fell by as much as 75%. This demonstrates the presence of a glucagon-independent metabolic reflex triggered by a low plasma glucose concentration, the purpose of which is to maintain glucose output at a rate capable of preventing castastrophic hypoglycaemia.
Cryptic splice sites and split genes (2011)

We describe a new program called cryptic splice finder (CSF) that can reliably identify cryptic splice sites (css), so providing a useful tool to help investigate splicing mutations in genetic disease. We report that many css are not entirely dormant and are often already active at low levels in normal genes prior to their enhancement in genetic disease. We also report a fascinating correlation between the positions of css and introns, whereby css within the exons of one species frequently match the exact position of introns in equivalent genes from another species. These results strongly indicate that many introns were inserted into css during evolution and they also imply that the splicing information that lies outside some introns can be independently recognized by the splicing machinery and was in place prior to intron insertion. This indicates that non-intronic splicing information had a key role in shaping the split structure of eukaryote genes.
Evidence for a strong correlation between transcription factor protein disorder and organismic complexity (2017)

18 Pags.- 10 Figs.- 1 Tabl. The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.&#13;\nThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits&#13;\nnon-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
Algorithmic solutions for live device-to-vessel match (2004)

An overlay of diagnostic angiograms and interventional fluoroscopy during minimally invasive cathlab interventions can support navigation but suffers from artifacts due to mismatch of vessels and interventional devices. Here, weak image features and strict real-time constraints do not allow for standard multi-modality registration techniques. In the presented method, diagnostic angiograms are filtered to extract the imaged vessel structure. A distance-transform of the extracted vessels allows for fast matching with interventionally imaged devices which are extracted with fast local filters only. Competing vessel and object filters are tested on 10 diagnostic angiograms and 25 fluoroscopic frames showing a guidewire. Their performance is tested in comparison to manual segmentations. A newly presented directional stamping-filter based on anisotropic diffusion of local image patches offers the best results for vessel extraction and also improves the guidewire detection. Using these filters, the device-to-vessel match succeeds in 92% of the tested frames. This rate decreases to 75% for an initial mismatch of 16 pixels.
One-way Active Measurement Protocol (OWAMP) Requirements (2004)

With growing availability of good time sources to network nodes, it becomes increasingly possible to measure one-way IP performance metrics with high precision.To do so in an interoperable manner, a common protocol for such measurements is required.This document specifies requirements for a one-way active measurement protocol (OWAMP) standard.The protocol can measure one-way delay, as well as other unidirectional characteristics, such as one-way loss.
Task Switching Network for Multi-task Learning (2021)

We introduce Task Switching Networks (TSNs), a task-conditioned architecture with a single unified encoder/decoder for efficient multi-task learning. Multiple tasks are performed by switching between them, performing one task at a time. TSNs have a constant number of parameters irrespective of the number of tasks. This scalable yet conceptually simple approach circumvents the overhead and intricacy of task-specific network components in existing works. In fact, we demonstrate for the first time that multi-tasking can be performed with a single task-conditioned decoder. We achieve this by learning task-specific conditioning parameters through a jointly trained task embedding network, encouraging constructive interaction between tasks. Experiments validate the effectiveness of our approach, achieving state-of-the-art results on two challenging multi-task benchmarks, PASCAL-Context and NYUD. Our analysis of the learned task embeddings further indicates a connection to task relationships studied in the recent literature.
Abstract P5-17-10: Anti-progranulin (GP88) antibody AG01 inhibitory effect on the growth of triple negative breast cancer cells (2022)

Abstract Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by invasiveness and short survival. Identifying novel TNBC targeted therapies to potentiate standard of care (SOC) therapy, is an unmet need. Progranulin (PGRN/GP88) is a biological driver of tumorigenesis, survival, and drug resistance in several cancers including breast cancer (BC). PGRN/GP88 tissue expression is an independent prognostic factor of recurrence while elevated serum PGRN/GP88 level is associated with poor outcomes such as progression of disease and shortened survival. Since PGRN/GP88 expression is elevated in 30% TNBC, we investigated the effect of inhibiting PGRN/GP88 effect on the proliferation and tumor growth of triple negative breast cancer cells. Methods: For this purpose, we have developed a neutralizing anti-human PGRN/GP88 monoclonal antibody AG01 and examined its effect on the proliferation, migration, signaling pathway activation and biomarker expression of two TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and HS578-T expressing PGRN/GP88, both in vitro and in vivo. Results: The inhibition of PGRN/GP88 action by AG01 treatment reduced proliferation and migration in a dose-and time-dependent fashion in MDA-MB-231 and HS578-T cells. Western blot analysis showed decreased expression of phosphorylated protein kinases p-Src, p-AKT and p-ERK involved in proliferation and survival upon AG01 treatment for both cell lines. Transwell assay showed that AG01 treatment inhibited migration and invasion in a dose-dependent fashion. Microarray analysis of several oncoproteins in cells treated with AG01 or control antibody demonstrated the inhibition of the expression of several markers of migration and angiogenesis. In vivo xenograft studies with MDA-MB-231 cells injected in athymic nude mice showed that AG01 treatment inhibited tumor growth as well as Ki67 expression, mitotic index and microvessel counts when compared to antibody control treated mice. In vivo dose response of AG01 in MDA-MB-231 tumor bearing mice will be provided. Conclusion: TNBC is a disease with poor prognosis in need of novel targeted therapeutic solutions. PGRN/GP88 represents a therapeutic target for TNBC with two companion diagnostics (tissue test and ELISA to measure GP88 circulating levels). Blocking PGRN/GP88 with AG01 antibody treatment will provide novel targeted therapeutic option for TNBC which could address the issue of toxicity, and unresponsiveness associated with SOC. This work is supported by a grant CA 224718 from the National Cancer Institute to GS. Citation Format: Ginette Serrero, Rupa Guha, Jianping Dong, Binbin Yue. Anti-progranulin (GP88) antibody AG01 inhibitory effect on the growth of triple negative breast cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-17-10.