gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of Particle Size for Polydisperse Powders aerosolised and detected by light scattering (1996)

Abstract This paper describes a study to determine the most appropriate particle size parameter for polydisperse powders dispersed as aerosol and detected by light scattering. It is relevant to many areas of engineering research. By means of calculations of the intensity of light scattered from particles of different sizes, it has been shown that the surface median aerodynamic diameter (SMAD) is an appropriate measure for polydisperse aerosolised powders. The microscope‐based procedure for obtaining the SMAD is described, as well as its implementation for narrowly‐graded polydisperse powders of fused alumina of type which have been widely used in studies of particle transport in wind tunnels. It was shown that for the fused alumina powders examined, SMAD = 1.25 x (PASMAD), where PASMAD is the projected area surface median aerodynamic diameter .
The Existence of a Convex Polyhedron with Respect to the Constrained Vertex Norms (2020)

Given a set of constrained vertex norms, we proved the existence of a convex configuration with respect to the set of distinct constrained vertex norms in the two-dimensional case when the constrained vertex norms are distinct or repeated for, at most, four points. However, we proved that there always exists a convex configuration in the three-dimensional case. In the application, we can imply the existence of the non-empty spherical Laguerre Voronoi diagram.
IEEE International Conference on Edge Computing (EDGE 2020) Message from the Chairs (2020)

Presents the introductory welcome message from the conference proceedings. May include the conference officers' congratulations to all involved with the conference event and publication of the proceedings record.
INTERLEUKIN-10 STABILIZES INHIBITORY kB-α IN HUMAN MONOCYTES (1998)

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) protects animals from lethal endotoxemia. This beneficial effect is mediated, in part, by inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Evidence suggests that IL-10 may inhibit activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) through an unknown mechanism. NF-kappaB activation in response to inflammatory signals is dependent upon degradation of its associated inhibitory peptide, inhibitory kappaB-alpha (IkappaB-alpha). We hypothesized that IL-10 prevents human monocyte NF-kappaB activation and resultant TNF-alpha production by stabilization of IkappaB-alpha. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of IL-10 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced human monocyte TNF-alpha production, NF-kappaB activation, and IkappaB-alpha degradation. Monocytes were isolated from human donors. Cells were stimulated with endotoxin (LPS, 100 ng/mL) with and without human IL-10 (10 ng/mL). Following stimulation, TNF-alpha was measured in cell supernatants by ELISA, NF-kappaB activity by electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and IkappaB-alpha levels by Western blot. We observed that after LPS stimulation of human monocytes, TNF-alpha increased to 798+/-67 pg/mL (p < .001 versus control). IL-10 attenuated LPS-stimulated TNF-alpha production (297+/-54; p < .001 versus LPS alone). After LPS stimulation in human monocytes, IkappaB-alpha protein levels decreased, and NF-kappaB DNA binding increased. IL-10 pretreatment prevented LPS-induced decreases in IkappaB-alpha protein levels and attenuated NF-kappaB DNA binding. IL-10 appears to prevent activation of NF-kappaB by preserving IkappaB-alpha protein levels, leading to a reduction in TNF-alpha release.
Heuristic methods for dynamic load balancing in a message-passing supercomputer (1990)

In this paper, a new adaptive scheme is presented for dynamic load balancing on a message-passing multicomputer. The scheme is based on using easy-to-implement heuristics and variable threshold in migrating processes among the multicomputer nodes. It uses a distributed control over all processor nodes as coordinated by a host processor. Four heuristic methods for process migration are presented, which are distinguished by choosing different policies for process migration and threshold update. A parallel simulator with distributed load balancers is developed on an iPSC/2 hypercube system. The load balancing scheme is evaluated on the effects of system utilization, load imbalance, communication and migration overhead, and multicomputer size. Relative merits of the four methods are revealed under various multicomputer conditions.
The Future of Hospital Epidemiology (1989)

It is not difficult to predict the future of hospital epidemiology. It will become increasingly important. The need to prevent and control hospital-acquired infections and to protect the staff from communicable diseases will grow. Hospitals will continue to be filled with patients, life-prolonging technical advances will continue to be introduced, resistance will emerge to the new antimicrobial agents, the number of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) will increase and the population will continue to age. Concomitant increases in costs and demands for accountability and for quality assurance will occur (Table 1). The future for practitioners of hospital epidemiology is less assured. We will have to continue to convince hospital administrators that we are more than “bean counters” engaged mainly in surveillance. We must assure them that the benefits of our work justify the costs of maintaining effective infection control units and that we are dedicated to prevention and control.
Increasing minority research participation through collaboration with community outpatient clinics: the STEP-BD Community Partners Experience (2009)

Several important variables were not considered including mood severity, hospitalization, or treatment differences. Minority participants were grouped by combining African American and Hispanics, which may have obscured subgroup differences. A derivation of standard qualitative methods was used in this study.
Synthetic tripeptides with anorexogenic effect. (1982)

Thirty two synthetic tripeptides structurally related both to thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) and anorexogenic tripeptide (Glp-His-Gly-OH) were investigated for anorexogenic effect in rats. While the two endogenous peptides, TRH and Glp-His-Gly-OH, were ineffective in rats deprived of food for 96 hours when they were administered intracerebroventricularly, some of the synthetic analogues showed significant food intake reducing effect under the same conditions. This anorexogenic effect of the tripeptides is similar--though much weaker--to that of satietin, a highly potent anorexogenic glycopeptide in human and mammalian serum. These tripeptides were ineffective when they were administered intravenously.
Antibiotic susceptibilities of Legionella pneumophila strain Paris in THP-1 cells as determined by real-time PCR assay (2005)

Real-time PCR is better adapted than cfu-based methods to evaluating the antibiotic susceptibilities of large series of Legionella strains to newer antibiotic compounds.
Prospective Cohort Study of the Relative Abundance of Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in the Gut of Patients Admitted to Hospitals (2016)

A total of 458 patients were prospectively included at hospital admission and screened for extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing (ESBL) Escherichia coli carriage in 2007 and in 2010 to 2012. A 4-fold increase in ESBL carriage (3% to 12%), a 5-fold increase in numbers of community patients among ESBL carriers, and a higher number of multiple ESBL strains was found in the 2010 to 2012 period. ESBL E. coli represented the dominant E. coli strain (relative abundance, >50%) in 10/32 (31%) of ESBL carriers. This represents a major threat in terms of infectious risk and dissemination.
Granulopoiesis Associated With the C3HBA Tumor in Mice<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3">3</xref> (1981)

Female C3H/HeJ mice were inoculated with syngeneic breast adenocarcinoma cells (C3HBA). A progressive neutrophilia developed as the tumors grew. A linear relationship was demonstrated between the tumor diameter and the extent of the neutrophilia. Local tumor excision caused a rapid fall (3 days) in the neutrophil count. Media conditioned with tumor cells, normal mouse kidney, and bone marrow of normal or tumor-bearing mice were prepared. Tumor cell-conditioned medium was found to have marked stimulating activity for granulocytic colony formation of mouse bone marrow cells. Sera from tumor-bearing mice also had colony-stimulating activity. This finding strongly suggested that the neutrophilia was caused by the release of a neutrophil-stimulating factor from the tumor.
Evaluating the accuracy of hand models obtained from two 3D scanning techniques (2020)

The aim of this study was to identify an efficient approach for 3D imaging of hand. The 3D photographs of hand were taken with Gemini structured-light scanning system (SL scanning) and CT scanning. The 3D photographs, average time of scanning and reconstruction were compared between these two indirect techniques. The reliability, reproducibility and accuracy were evaluated in these two indirect techniques and the direct measurement (DM). Statistical differences in the measurements were assessed by 99% probability, with clinical significance at > 0.5 mm. The Gemini structured-light scanning system established a complete and smooth 3D hand photograph with shorter scanning and reconstruction time. Reproducibility of CT scanning and SL scanning methods was better (P < 0.01, both) than the DM, but did not differ significantly from each other (P = 0.462). Of the 19 (31.58%) measurements obtained, 6 showed significant differences (P < 0.01). Significant differences were observed more often for circumference dimensions (5/9, 55.56%) than for length dimensions (1/10, 10%). Mean absolute error (AE) of the 10 subjects was very low for 3D CT (0.29 ± 0.10 mm) and SL scanning (0.30 ± 0.11 mm). Absolute percentage error (APE) was 4.69 ± 2.33% and 4.88 ± 2.22% for 3D CT and SL scanning, respectively. AE for the PIP circumference between the 3rd finger (0.58 mm) and 4th finger (0.53 mm) scan was > 0.5 mm, indicating significant difference between DM and CT scanning at the level of 99% probability. In this study, the Gemini structured-light scanning system not only successfully established a complete and smooth 3D hand photograph, but also shortened the scanning and reconstruction time. Compared to the DM, measurements obtained using the two indirect techniques did not show any statistically or clinically insignificant difference in the values of the remaining 17 of 19 measurements (89.47%). Therefore, either of the two alternative techniques could be used instead of the direct measurement method.
Parameter Estimation in Astronomy with Poisson-Distributed Data (1999)

Applying the standard weighted mean formula, [Sigma (sub i)n(sub i)ssigma(sub i, sup -2)], to determine the weighted mean of data, n(sub i), drawn from a Poisson distribution, will, on average, underestimate the true mean by approx. 1 for all true mean values larger than approx.3 when the common assumption is made that the error of the i th observation is sigma(sub i) = max square root of n(sub i), 1).This small, but statistically significant offset, explains the long-known observation that chi-square minimization techniques which use the modified Neyman'chi(sub 2) statistic, chi(sup 2, sub N) equivalent Sigma(sub i)((n(sub i) - y(sub i)(exp 2)) / max(n(sub i), 1), to compare Poisson - distributed data with model values, y(sub i), will typically predict a total number of counts that underestimates the true total by about 1 count per bin. Based on my finding that weighted mean of data drawn from a Poisson distribution can be determined using the formula [Sigma(sub i)[n(sub i) + min(n(sub i), 1)](n(sub i) + 1)(exp -1)] / [Sigma(sub i)(n(sub i) + 1)(exp -1))], I propose that a new chi(sub 2) statistic, chi(sup 2, sub gamma) equivalent, should always be used to analyze Poisson- distributed data in preference to the modified Neyman's chi(exp 2) statistic. I demonstrated the power and usefulness of,chi(sub gamma, sup 2) minimization by using two statistical fitting techniques and five chi(exp 2) statistics to analyze simulated X-ray power - low 15 - channel spectra with large and small counts per bin. I show that chi(sub gamma, sup 2) minimization with the Levenberg - Marquardt or Powell's method can produce excellent results (mean slope errors approx. less than 3%) with spectra having as few as 25 total counts.
A new steroidal glycoside from theOphiopogon japonicusKer-Gawler (Liliaceae) (2011)

A new steroidal glycoside (1), (25R)-14α, 17α-hydroxyspirost-5-en-3β-yl 3-O-α-L-rhamnpyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-glucopyranoside, together with three known steroidal glycosides, (25R)-3β-hydroxyspirost-5-en-1β-yl-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-α-L-arabinopyranoside (2), Cixi-ophiopogon B (3) and Cixi-ophiopogon A (4), were obtained from the tuberous roots of Ophiopogon japonicus (Liliaceae). Compound 2 was isolated from the Ophiopogon genus for the first time. Their structures were identified on the basis of extensive mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis.
Comprehensive Quantification of the Modified Proteome Reveals Oxidative Heart Damage in Mitochondrial Heteroplasmy (2018)

Post-translational modifications hugely increase the functional diversity of proteomes. Recent algorithms based on ultratolerant database searching are forging a path to unbiased analysis of peptide modifications by shotgun mass spectrometry. However, these approaches identify only one-half of the modified forms potentially detectable and do not map the modified residue. Moreover, tools for the quantitative analysis of peptide modifications are currently lacking. Here, we present a suite of algorithms that allows comprehensive identification of detectable modifications, pinpoints the modified residues, and enables their quantitative analysis through an integrated statistical model. These developments were used to characterize the impact of mitochondrial heteroplasmy on the proteome and on the modified peptidome in several tissues from 12-week-old mice. Our results reveal that heteroplasmy mainly affects cardiac tissue, inducing oxidative damage to proteins of the oxidative phosphorylation system, and provide a molecular mechanism explaining the structural and functional alterations produced in heart mitochondria.
XRD Characterization of the 6H-SiC Single Crystal Grown from Si-C-Ti Ternary Solution (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Topical lithium succinate ointment (Efalith) in the treatment of AIDS-related seborrhoeic dermatitis (1997)

A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with lithium succinate ointment was conducted in patients with AIDS-associated facial seborrhoeic dermatitis. Twice daily applications of the ointment brought about a rapid (2.5 days) and highly significant (P = 0.007) improvement in the severity of the condition. Lithium succinate ointment is well tolerated and can be a useful treatment for seborrhoeic dermatitis in this group of patients.
Performance analysis of multiple-access protocol ALOHA/PCD (2002)

This paper presents an improved ALOHA protocol named ALOHA/PCD (ALOHA with partial collision detection) and analyzes the performance of delay and channel throughput. The results are compared with the frame ALOHA protocol and simulation results are presented.
Transport and trade facilitation issues in the CIS 7, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan (2003)

This paper covers Trade and Transport Facilitation (TTF) issues in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Kyrgyz Republic, Moldova, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan (as the CIS 7), as well as Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan since they are part of the Central Asia region and play a critical role in facilitation solutions. The goal of the paper is to (i) sensitize politicians, bus ness leaders and donors that TTF is key for economic development and consequently for sustainable poverty reduction; (ii) demonstrate that TTF is a multi-sectoral challenge with political, economic, administrative, technical and technological issues, and to (iii) ask for patience, consistency and long term commitment for TTF reforms on all levels as required by their complexity. The paper will be presented at the CIS 7 Conference to be held in Lucerne, in January 2003.
The impacts of various operating conditions on submerged membrane photocatalytic reactors (SMPR) for organic pollutant separation and degradation: a review (2015)

The rapid development of membrane based wastewater treatment has led to the emerging technology of submerged membrane photocatalytic reactors (SMPR), which are less susceptible to fouling and capable of separating and degrading organic pollutants in the wastewater.
Delay analysis of series-connected MOSFET circuits (1991)

In order to derive analytical delay expressions for CMOS gates in the submicrometer region, a realistic MOS model which incorporates an nth power law MOS model is developed. Closed-form delay formulas are obtained for CMOS inverters and series-connected MOSFET structures (SCMSs) that include short-channel effects. It is shown that the ratio of the delay of NAND/NOR to the delay of the inverter becomes smaller in the submicrometer region, because the V/sub DS/ and V/sub GS/ of each MOSFET in the SCMS are smaller than those of an inverter MOSFET. The smaller voltages in turn mitigate and relax the severe carrier velocity saturation in miniaturized MOSFETs. The results of the analysis for submicrometer VLSI designs show that if the maximum number of series-connected MOSFETs is considered to be five in 2- mu m designs, then the number can be increased to six or seven in the submicrometer circuit design. In typical cases in VLSI designs, the delay ratio for N-SCMS is much less than N/sup 2/. The delay dependence on input terminal position for SCMS structures is also described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Fabrication of synthetic apatites by solid-state reactions. (2004)

The paper presents a method of producing synthetic Hydroxyapatite (HA) Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 and other apatites for biological use by solid-state reaction. The solid-state reaction involves mix-grinding dry powders of beta-tricalcium phosphate powder (TCP) and either calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) or calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or combination thereof, from pure commercial chemicals or derived from natural limestone or from seashells, of total calcium/phosphorus molar ratio between 1.5 to 2.0, to particle size of less than 10 microns, and firing the resultant powder to temperature between 600 degrees C - 1250 degrees C in atmosphere or in controlled atmospheric condition. The resultant apatites formed were characterised using XRD, SEM-EDX and FTIR. The presented reaction process was found to be much simpler compared to conventional methods of producing synthetic apatites since it involves only dry mix-grinding of the reactants before firing at high temperatures based on the required levels of purity. It can also produce synthetic apatites with good reproducibility in a shorter time. Thus the presented method has a great industrial value.
35—AN INSTRUMENT FOR THE STUDY OF YARN HAIRINESS (1964)

An instrument is described that enables the number of fibres protruding from a yarn to be counted at different distances from the axis. The data from several yarns may be compared directly or, since the data fit a Γ-type distribution, parameters may be calculated that describe the mean length, in a radial direction, the total radial length of all the fibres projecting in a given length of yarn, and the number of fibres protruding from the core. Comparisons so far made show the gross differences between worsted, woollen, and cotton yarns, and more subtle diiferences arising within one system from changes of conditions or material. The effects of rewinding on hairiness are large.
Sequential Photon Emissions from Quad-excitons in Single GaAs Quantum Dots (2011)

We studied photoluminescence (PL) spectra of a single self-assembled GaAs quantum dot (QD) grown by modified droplet epitaxy. The single QD exhibits several sharp peaks in the PL spectrum indicating the formation of multi-excitonic complexes. Most of these peaks are originated from the recombinations of electron-hole pairs in the lowest level of the QD. We observed several emission peaks arising from recombinations from the second level of the QD at the condition of strong excitation. The difference of the recombination energy between the lowest and second levels is about 30 meV. We identified the emissions of tri-excitons and quad-excitons in the PL spectrum by single photon correlation spectroscopy. Quad-exciton, which is the four-exciton complex, emits correlated four photons in the cascade recombination. We observed bunching of photons emitted from the cascade by cross-correlation measurements.
Efficient Access to Aminomannoside Derivatives via Formal [2+2] Cycloaddition of Triazolinediones and Tri-O-acetyl-d-glucal (2010)

Triazolinediones react with tri-O-acetyl-d-glucal to provide the corresponding diazetidines as single stereoisomers possessing the mannosamine configuration at C2. The diazetidines undergo facile ring opening with alcohol and amine nucleophiles. While this methodology is not fully developed, it is the first example of direct intermolecular conversion of a glycal to a mannosamine derivative. Computational analysis provides mechanistic insight that in turn leads to a proposal for the generation of glucosamine derivatives from glycals and triazolinediones.
Integrating gender into World Bank financed transport programs - case study: China CIDA'S comprehensive transport management training Project (2003)

The Consortium identified CIDA's Comprehensive Transport Management Training Project (CTMTP) in China is one of the best cases in integrating gender into the transport projects. The case study aims to identify how gender dimensions were included in the preparation of the project, the experience of implementation, the outcomes, and the lessons learned with respect to gender inclusion and where appropriate, good practice suggested. This report is organized in the standard format set out for all the ten case studies under the following headings: methodology; enabling environment and macro context; Institutional analysis; project design and implementation; gender differences in outcomes; conclusions and lessons learned.