gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tetracyclo[3.3.0.02,8.04,6]octane-3-one. Preparation, Characterization, and Physical and Chemical Properties1 (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTetracyclo[3.3.0.02,8.04,6]octane-3-one. Preparation, Characterization, and Physical and Chemical Properties1Norman A. LeBel and Ronald N. LiesemerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 19, 4301–4309Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00947a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00947a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views93Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cutaneous Cephalic Neurocristic Hamartoma on the Head With Melanocytic, Cartilage, Blood Vessel, Neural, and Bony Tissue (2020)

We report on a congenital tumor of the face and scalp in a male newborn, histologically proven to contain melanocytes, cartilage, and bone, vascular, and neural tissue as part of a pigmented congenital tumor. Thus, this tumor was classified as a cutaneous cephalic neurocristic hamartoma.
Numerical Investigation of Second Mode Attenuation over Carbon/Carbon Surfaces on a Sharp Slender Cone (2018)

We have carried out axisymmetric numerical simulations of a spatially developing hypersonic boundary layer over a sharp 7$^{\circ{}}$-half-angle cone at $M_\infty=7.5$ inspired by the experimental investigations by Wagner (2015). Simulations are first performed with impermeable (or solid) walls with a one-time broadband pulse excitation applied upstream to determine the most convectively-amplified frequencies resulting in the range 260kHz -- 400kHz, consistent with experimental observations of second-mode instability waves. Subsequently, we introduce harmonic disturbances via continuous periodic suction and blowing at 270kHz and 350kHz. For each of these forcing frequencies complex impedance boundary conditions (IBC), modeling the acoustic response of two different carbon/carbon (C/C) ultrasonically absorptive porous surfaces, are applied at the wall. The IBCs are derived as an output of a pore-scale aeroacoustic analysis -- the inverse Helmholtz Solver (iHS) -- which is able to return the broadband real and imaginary components of the surface-averaged impedance. The introduction of the IBCs in all cases leads to a significant attenuation of the harmonically-forced second-mode wave. In particular, we observe a higher attenuation rate of the introduced waves with frequency of 350kHz in comparison with 270kHz, and, along with the iHS impedance results, we establish that the C/C surfaces absorb acoustic energy more effectively at higher frequencies.
Beta-turns in nascent procollagen are sites of posttranslational enzymatic hydroxylation of proline. (1979)

The selective hydroxylation of proline residues in nascent procollagen chains by prolyl hydroxylase (EC 1.14.11.2) can be understood in terms of the conformational feature of the -Pro-Gly-segments in linear peptides and globular proteins. The folded beta-turn conformation in such segments appears to be the conformational requirement for proline hydroxylation. The available data on the hydroxylation of native and synthetic substrates of prolyl hydroxylase are explained on the basis of the extent of beta-turn formation in them. Taken in conjunction with the conformational features of the hydroxyproline residue, our results bring out the conformational reason for the posttranslational proline hydroxylation which, it is proposed, leads to the "straightening" of the beta-turn segments into the linear triple-helical conformation.
Structure of a Cell Polarity Regulator, a Complex between Atypical PKC and Par6 PB1 Domains (2004)

A complex of atypical PKC and Par6 is a common regulator for cell polarity-related processes, which is an essential clue to evolutionary conserved cell polarity regulation. Here, we determined the crystal structure of the complex of PKCiota and Par6alpha PB1 domains to a resolution of 1.5 A. Both PB1 domains adopt a ubiquitin fold. PKCiota PB1 presents an OPR, PC, and AID (OPCA) motif, 28 amino acid residues with acidic and hydrophobic residues, which interacts with the conserved lysine residue of Par6alpha PB1 in a front and back manner. On the interface, several salt bridges are formed including the conserved acidic residues on the OPCA motif of PKCiota PB1 and the conserved lysine residue on the Par6alpha PB1. Structural comparison of the PKCiota and Par6alpha PB1 complex with the p40phox and p67phox PB1 domain complex, subunits of neutrophil NADPH oxidase, reveals that the specific interaction is achieved by tilting the interface so that the insertion or extension in the sequence is engaged in the specificity determinant. The PB1 domain develops the interaction surface on the ubiquitin fold to increase the versatility of molecular interaction.
N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) and its Immunomodulatory Properties (2022)

Despite the increasing interest and use of NAC over the decades, there remains much debate surrounding NAC’s mechanisms of action. It was widely believed that NAC exerts its antioxidant and cytoprotective properties through its ability to act as a scavenger of reactive oxygen species, a precursor for glutathione biosynthesis, and a disulfide reductant. However, these three major narratives are only applicable under specific circumstances and cannot explain NAC’s actions in a more general context. A newly emerging alternative mechanism of action of NAC involving hydrogen sulfide and sulfane sulfur species may serve to provide an explanation of NAC’s effects in a more generalized context. Part II of this review will provide an overview of NAC’s mechanisms of molecular action.
Diffusion-Dominated Proxy Model for Solvent Injection in Ultratight Oil Reservoirs (2018)

Summary Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) by solvent injection offers significant potential to increase recovery from shale oil reservoirs, which is typically between 3 and 7% original oil in place (OOIP). The rather sparse literature on this topic typically models these tight reservoirs on the basis of conventional-reservoir processes and mechanisms, such as by convective transport using Darcy's law, even though there is little physical justification for this treatment. The literature also downplays the importance of the soaking period in huff ’n’ puff. In this paper, we propose, for the first time, a more physically realistic recovery mechanism based on solely diffusion-dominated transport. We develop a diffusion-dominated proxy model assuming first-contact miscibility (FCM) to provide rapid estimates of oil recovery for both primary production and the solvent huff ’n’ soak ’n’ puff (HSP) process in ultratight oil reservoirs. Simplified proxy models are developed to represent the major features of the fracture network. The key results show that diffusion-transport considered solely can reproduce the primary-production period within the Eagle Ford Shale and can model the HSP process well, without the need to use Darcy's law. The minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) concept is not important for ultratight shales where diffusion dominates because MMP is based on advection-dominated conditions. The mechanism for recovery is based solely on density and concentration gradients. Primary production is modeled as a self-diffusion process, whereas the HSP process is modeled as a counter-diffusion process. Incremental recoveries by HSP are several times greater than primary-production recoveries, showing significant promise in increasing oil recoveries. We calculate ultimate recoveries for both primary production and for the HSP process, and show that methane injection is preferred over carbon dioxide injection. We also show that the proxy model, to be accurate, must match the total matrix-contact area and the ratio of effective area to total contact area with time. These two parameters should be maximized for best recovery.
Radiation and Absorbing Boundary Conditions for the Lattice Boltzmann Method (2009)

The Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) is a well established computational tool for fluid flow simulations. This method has been utilized for low Mach number Computational Aeroacoustics (CAA). Robust and nonreflective boundary conditions, similar to those used in Navier-Stokes solvers, are needed for LBM-based CAA. One challenge is that proper boundary conditions be specified in terms of the particle distribution function rather than the usual hydrodynamic properties. The focus of the present study was to develop radiation boundary conditions and perfectly matched layers (PML) for LBM. Such boundary conditions were formulated and tested using benchmark acoustic problems. The perfectly matched layer concept appears to be very well suited for LBM, and yielded very low acoustic reflection factor.
Properties and Applications of Acylglycinate; A Newly Developed Amino Acid Based Surfactant. (1996)

新規アミノ酸系界面活性剤 (GCK; N-ココイルグリシンカリウム塩) の開発を行いその特性と応用について検討した。GCKは石鹸と比較して中性からアルカリ性領域で優れた泡性能を有する事が分かった。泡の弾力性を評価する指標としてビンガム降伏値を用いた。GCKを石鹸と混合することによりビンガム降伏値が相乗的に増加した。これはよりクッション性, 粘弾性に富んだ泡に改質されたことを示している。官能面では「さっぱり」しかつ「つっぱらない」という特性である事が官能評価で確認された。GCKは石鹸より広いpH領域で溶解するが, これは液状洗浄剤を開発する上で好ましい特性である。また, 適切な粘度の配合品を調製する際に重要な要因である溶液のレオロジー特性を調べた。GCK溶液はNaClを添加する事で容易に増粘し究極的にはダイラタントなゲルを形成した。このゲル (GCK/NaCl=20wt%/10wt%) は25℃において偏光顕微鏡観察により液晶構造を形成していることが明らかになった。ドレイズテストと5日間の連続ヒトパッチテストを行った結果, GCKは石鹸と比較して皮膚, 眼粘膜に対して共に安全性が高い事が確認された。以上の結果よりGCKは優れた用途特性と特徴的な感触を有しており皮膚洗浄剤として好適の香粧品素材であると考えられる。
Structural determination and serology of the native polysaccharide antigen of type-III group B Streptococcus (1980)

The native polysaccharide antigen isolated from type-III group B Streptococcus contains D-galactose (Gal), D-glucose (Glc), 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose (GlcNAc), and sialic acid (NeuNAc) in the molar ratio of 2:1:1:1 and its structure can be represented by the following repeating unit:[Formula: see text]By cleavage of all the labile sialic acid end groups the incomplete type-III antigen is obtained which is structurally identical to the S. pneumoniae type-14 polysaccharide. Thus, the native type-III polysaccharide is serologically distinct from the incomplete type-III antigen by virtue of the former having determinants terminating in sialic acid and the latter in β-D-galactopyranose units. None of these latter determinants could be detected in streptococcal organisms grown under pH-controlled conditions (pH 7.0) or in rabbit antiserum made to these pH-controlled organisms. However, in antisera produced in rabbits to the same organisms grown without pH control (Lancefield procedures), antibodies to both types of determinant could be detected. This can be attributed to the removal of some of the masking sialic acid residues from the cell-associated native polysaccharide by degradative procedures which occur during these latter conditions.
A STUDY ON THE PREDICTION MODEL OF TENSILE CREEP STRAIN OF CONCRETE BASED ON MICRO PORE BEHAVIOR (1999)

コンクリートの引張クリープは, 構造物のひび割れの発生に直接影響する重要な材料物性である. 本研究では, この引張クリープを微視的なメカニズムに基づいて予測する手法を開発することを目的に, 引張持続応力を受けたコンクリートの空隙構造の観察, 観察結果を基にした力学的な予測モデルの構築を行った. さらに, 構築した予測モデルの妥当性を検証することを目的に, 載荷応力, 載荷時材齢, 水セメント堵を変化させた実験を行い, 本予測モデルが十分な実用性を備えていることを示した. また, 温度の変化に対しては既往の研究成果を参考に解析的な検討を加え, 本予測モデルが温度の変化に対しても有効に予測できる可能性があることを示した.
Cellulose Production by Acetobacter Strains in Submerged Culture (1960)

SUMMARY: The normally slow rates of growth and of cellulose synthesis by certain strains of Acetobacter in static culture were accelerated greatly when these strains were cultured in shaken, indented flasks or in stirred aerated fermenters, whereby the time factor was reduced from 3–4 weeks to 2–4 days. Optimum yields of cellulose from Acetobacter acetigenum, strain EA-I and A.xylinum strain HCC B-155 were produced in shaken, indented flasks, in a medium of hydrolysed molasses which contained 4–5 % of sugar and about 0·05 % of nitrogen (as ammonia). Comparison of eleven strains of cellulose-forming Acetobacter sp. in static and shaken culture showed that all produced less cellulose and all except two showed less growth in shaken culture. Yields of cellulose in stirred, aerated fermenters decreased with increasing air flow rates, although the growth level remained constant. The results suggest that increased aeration decreases the yield of cellulose by causing decreased synthesis of cellulose per unit cell weight, but the involvement of celluloseless mutants cannot be excluded. Addition of neutralizing agents to the fermenter cultures increased the yields of cellulose by the order of 50 %.
Flexible and Platinum‐Free Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells with Conducting‐Polymer‐Coated Graphene Counter Electrodes (2012)

Always wear a coat: On a plastic substrate graphene is coated with a conducting polymer (PEDOT), resulting in a flexible composite film. The film is used as counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) instead of platinum/transparent conducting oxides (TCOs). The performance of the TCO- and platinum-free counter electrode rivals that of convenential DSSCs.
GaInNAsSb for 1.3-1.6-μm-long wavelength lasers grown by molecular beam epitaxy (2002)

High-efficiency optical emission past 1.3 /spl mu/m of GaInNAs on GaAs, with an ultimate goal of a high-power 1.55-/spl mu/m vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), has proven to be elusive. While GaInNAs could theoretically be grown lattice-matched to GaAs with a very small bandgap, wavelengths are actually limited by the N solubility limit and the high In strain limit. By adding Sb to the GaInNAs quaternary, we have observed a remarkable shift toward longer luminescent wavelengths while maintaining high intensity. The increase in strain of these new alloys necessitates the use of tensile strain compensating GaNAs barriers around quantum-well (QW) structures. With the incorporation of Sb and using In concentrations as high as 40%, high-intensity photoluminescence (PL) was observed as long as 1.6 /spl mu/m. PL at 1.5 /spl mu/m was measured with peak intensity over 50% of the best 1.3 /spl mu/m GaInNAs samples grown. Three QW GaIn-NAsSb in-plane lasers were fabricated with room-temperature pulsed operation out to 1.49 /spl mu/m.
Generation of complement component C5a by ischemic neurons promotes neuronal apoptosis (2012)

C5a receptors are found in the central nervous system (CNS), on both neurons and glia. However, the origin of the C5a, which activates these receptors, is unclear. In the present study, we show that primary cultured mouse cortical neurons constitutively express C5, the precursor of C5a, and express the classical receptor for C5a, CD88. With cell ischemia caused by 12 h glucose deprivation, or oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), neurons demonstrated increased apoptosis, up-regulation of CD88, and increased levels of C5a in the media. Exogenous murine C5a (100 nM) added to the neuronal cultures resulted in apoptosis, without affecting cell necrosis. Pretreatment of the cells with the specific CD88 receptor antagonist PMX53 (100 nM) significantly blocked ischemia-induced apoptosis (∼50%), and neurons from CD88(-/-) mice were similarly protected. In a murine model of stroke, using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), we found that C5a levels in the brain increased; this also occurred in cerebral slice cultures exposed to OGD. CD88(-/-) mice subjected to MCAO had significantly reduced infarct volumes and improved neurological scores. Taken together, our results demonstrate that neurons in the CNS have the capability to generate C5a following ischemic stress, and this has the potential to activate their C5a receptors, with deleterious consequences.
A Multi-Discriminator CycleGAN for Unsupervised Non-Parallel Speech\n Domain Adaptation (2018)

Domain adaptation plays an important role for speech recognition models, in\nparticular, for domains that have low resources. We propose a novel generative\nmodel based on cyclic-consistent generative adversarial network (CycleGAN) for\nunsupervised non-parallel speech domain adaptation. The proposed model employs\nmultiple independent discriminators on the power spectrogram, each in charge of\ndifferent frequency bands. As a result we have 1) better discriminators that\nfocus on fine-grained details of the frequency features, and 2) a generator\nthat is capable of generating more realistic domain-adapted spectrogram. We\ndemonstrate the effectiveness of our method on speech recognition with gender\nadaptation, where the model only has access to supervised data from one gender\nduring training, but is evaluated on the other at test time. Our model is able\nto achieve an average of $7.41\\%$ on phoneme error rate, and $11.10\\%$ word\nerror rate relative performance improvement as compared to the baseline, on\nTIMIT and WSJ dataset, respectively. Qualitatively, our model also generates\nmore natural sounding speech, when conditioned on data from the other domain.\n
The Scalable Coherent Interface (SCI) (1996)

There is rapidly increasing demand for very-high-performance networked communication for workstation clusters, distributed databases, multiprocessors, industrial data acquisition and control systems, shared access to distributed data, and so on. Higher-bandwidth hardware using the traditional protocols is not sufficient. Even at 100 Mb/s, and certainly at 250 Mb/s, throughput for many applications is so limited by delays due to architecturally induced inefficiencies, such as software overheads (often hundreds of microseconds), that higher bandwidth generally raises cost without improving performance. A new approach to communication is required, one that can eliminate the delay due to software overheads, if we are to reap the full benefit of the far higher bandwidths that modern hardware can provide. The SCI solves this problem by using the distributed-shared-memory paradigm, typically offering submicrosecond delays and bandwidths currently in the range of 1250 to 8000 Mb/s per network node. The article first reviews the general properties that an appropriate system architecture should have, and introduces an architectural model, the local area multiprocessor, distinguished by its shared-memory performance and its ability to handle LAN-style distances. These desired properties are then considered in more detail, and practical design decisions are made, illustrated by the evolution of the ISO/ANSI/IEEE standard Scalable Coherent Interface (SCI) as it addressed these issues. Finally, the current status of the various SCI follow-on and support projects is reported.
Clinical use of CCR5 inhibitors in HIV and beyond (2011)

Since the discovery of CCR5 as a coreceptor for HIV entry, there has been interest in blockade of the receptor for treatment and prevention of HIV infection. Although several CCR5 antagonists have been evaluated in clinical trials, only maraviroc has been approved for clinical use in the treatment of HIV-infected patients. The efficacy, safety and resistance profile of CCR5 antagonists with a focus on maraviroc are reviewed here along with their usage in special and emerging clinical situations. Despite being approved for use since 2007, the optimal use of maraviroc has yet to be well-defined in HIV and potentially in other diseases. Maraviroc and other CCR5 antagonists have the potential for use in a variety of other clinical situations such as the prevention of HIV transmission, intensification of HIV treatment and prevention of rejection in organ transplantation. The use of CCR5 antagonists may be potentiated by other agents such as rapamycin which downregulate CCR5 receptors thus decreasing CCR5 density. There may even be a role for their use in combination with other entry inhibitors. However, clinical use of CCR5 antagonists may have negative consequences in diseases such as West Nile and Tick-borne encephalitis virus infections. In summary, CCR5 antagonists have great therapeutic potential in the treatment and prevention of HIV as well as future use in novel situations such as organ transplantation. Their optimal use either alone or in combination with other agents will be defined by further investigation.
An unprecedented, reversible coordination mode rearrangement: η3(B–H) vs. η1(Sn) stanna-closo-dodecaborate coordination (2005)

The synthesis of the ruthenium stanna-closo-dodecaborate complex [Bu(3)MeN](2)[Ru(dppb)(MeCN)(2)(SnB(11)H(11))(2)] by an unprecedented, reversible eta(3)(B-H) to eta(1)(Sn) rearrangement of [Bu(3)MeN](2)[Ru(dppb)(SnB(11)H(11))(2)] is described and the product is characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
Service Chaining Offloading Decision in the EdgeAI: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach (2020)

Many mission critical devices are increasing with upcoming 5G network to fulfill a low latency for a real time network service on smart factory, autonomous vehicle, etc. Distributed cloud computing system also has a key role to execute the various mobile devices, because, an edge computing is the nearest from the mobile devices to provide low latency and computation energy consumption. In this paper, we consider the autonomous vehicles with video live streaming services. Especially, the vehicles require a low transmission delay as within 10 ms. To reduce a latency with low energy consumption, we propose a service chaining offloading decision with a deep reinforcement learning. We split tasks of the vehicle per service function blocks which have their own role. So it can do partial offloading and user association in a On-Device Edge of the vehicle and in the SBS at the same time. We can get results that service chaining offloading decision gives more optimal energy consumption with low-latency to autonomous vehicle users.
Conditional moment closure for two-phase flows – A review of recent developments and application to various spray combustion configurations (2015)

Energy conversion devices of practical interest such as engines or combustors operate in highly turbulent flow regimes. Due to the nature of the hydrocarbon fuels employed, the oxidation chemistry involves a broad range of time-scales some of which cannot be decoupled from the flow. Among the approaches utilised to tackle the modelling of turbulent combustion, Conditional Moment Closure (CMC), belonging to the computationally efficient class of presumed PDF methods, has shown great potential. For single-phase flows it has been demonstrated on non-premixed turbulent lifted and opposed jets, lifted flames and auto-igniting jets. Here we seek to review recent advances in both modelling and application of CMC for auto-ignition of fuel sprays. The experiments chosen for code validation and model improvement include generic spray test rigs with dimensions of passenger car as well as large two-stroke marine engines. Data for a broad range of operating conditions of a heavy-duty truck engine is additionally employed to assess the predictive capability of the model with respect to NOx emissions. An outlook on future enhancements including e.g. LES-CMC formulation also for two-phase flows as well as developments in the field of soot emissions are summarised briefly.