gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Technology Innovations for Smart Cities and Smart Villages (2020)

Summary form only given, as follows. The complete presentation was not made available for publication as part of the conference proceedings. According to estimates, 70% of the world population will live in urban areas by the year 2050 due to continuous rapid migration of population from the rural to urban areas. The smart cities have been envisioned to mitigate the problems of rapid migration of human population in in both man-made and natural resources constraint. The smart cities use one or multiple smart systems including smart healthcare, smart transportation, smart agriculture, smart infrastructure, and smart grids, and hence in an essence is a system of systems. The systems of the smart cities are essentially cyber-physical systems or CPS which are built using Internet of Things (IoT). A smart city utilizes information gathered from interconnected sensors to enhance city activities, oversee resources and assets, and improve the everyday existence of its residents. Smart village concept that combines renewable energy and community-based education can have impact on estimated 940 million population worldwide. Further, smart villages target consumer technologies in rural areas to develop innovative solutions to improve the quality of life and provide growth opportunities to its residents. The smart villages exhibit certain characteristics which may have some commonalities with smart cities, but also some distinctly different. This panel will discuss technology innovation for smart cities to smart villages. The topics covered include sensors and internet of things for smart cities and smart villages, smart healthcare, smart education, digital infrastructure development in villages, community infrastructure development, smart skills development for urban residents and farmers in villages.
Studies on Pyrocatechase (1967)

Pyrocatechasewas purified from extracts of benzoateinduced cells of Pseudomonas arvilta.The most purified preparation had a specific activity of 29.6, about 50% higher than that previously reported, and was homogeneous as judged by ultracentrifugation and by electrophoresis.The molecular weight was estimated to be approximately 90,000.The enzyme contained 2 g atoms of iron per mole of enzyme protein.Although the chemical determination of the valency state of iron has given inconclusive results, experiments with various chelating agents and the effects of oxidizing and reducing agents indicated that the iron in the native enzyme may be in the trivalent state.The concentrated solution of highly purified pyrocatechase had a pronounced red color with a broad absorption between 390 and 650 mp.The peak was at about 440 ml.c, and the molecular absorbance at 440 rnp was estimated to be 46'70.The trivalent iron bound to the enzyme appears to be responsible for the visible absorption band and functions as an integral part of the enzyme, since under a variety of conditions a loss of enzyme activity occurred in parallel with the disappearance of the absorbance in the visible range.By the addition of the substrate, catechol, under anaerobic conditions, the color of the enzyme solution changed to greyish blue with a concurrent increase of the absorbance
Ground-based radar interferometer for tracking fast approaching targets (2011)

This study describes the design and initial evaluation of a radar that detects and tracks a fast approaching target in a short-range application. In some radar applications, tracking durations less than 1 s and 3D tracking accuracy of a few tens of centimetres are required. To satisfy these requirements, a radar interferometer is proposed to simultaneously detect and track a target. A frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) waveform is chosen and a method of separating clutter from a valid signal is developed to obtain very precise range information. In the tracking algorithm, a least squares (LS) filter is adopted because of its fast computing speed and good convergence characteristics to a steady state. This system is constructed using an open architecture approach, with a direct digital synthesiser, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) and a digital signal processor (DSP) as core components. The radar system was evaluated through real field testing. The test results showed that the proposed radar and tracking methods are able to estimate very accurate target positions in real field testing.
Performance Enhancement of SBR Applying Real-Time Control (2000)

This paper presents the applications of a real-time oxidation reduction potential (ORP) and pH control system to enhance the system performance of a continuous-inflow sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The real-time controlled SBR showed better performances than sequential control regarding substrate removal efficiency and cost reduction. In substrate removal efficiency, good COD, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, and NH+4 removals were achieved by real-time and conventional sequential controlled systems. However, the poor removal of total nitrogen caused by incomplete denitrification in the sequential controlled SBR was improved significantly to 91% by real-time control. Moreover, in contrast with sequential controlled SBR, the real-time controlled SBR can save 14–32% of aeration energy and 11–29% of reactor capacity. Observation of nitrogen compound variations showed nitrites accumulated during the aerobic phase of the real-time controlled SBR. In addition, the kinetics of nitrification and denitrification also proved that the real-time controlled SBR performed the nitrite-type nitrification, which was identified as the key-point of system performance enhancement in the real-time controlled SBR.
Notifications in a multi-device environment (2015)

Notifications are an integral part of how smartphones are used today. Apps can use notifications to inform the user about new text messages, upcoming events or available updates. By using visual cues, auditory signals and tactile output the attention of the user can be gained, enabling him or her to react right away. Notifications on desktop computers existed years before the introduction of smartphones and tablets are already widespread and share most of their characteristics. Other types of connected devices will soon join or already have joined smartphones in daily life. Recent development in the field of wearable devices indicates an upcoming widespread adoption of smartwatches and smartglasses. These devices can be used in situations where the use of a smartphone would be impractical or inappropriate. Previous work showed that notifications can distract the user, inducing stress and anxiety. Such effects could worsen with a growing number of notifying devices. Therefore, it is necessary to explore how notifications should behave in this "multi-device" environment. For that reason, we developed a concept for a framework that allows synchronizing notifications across multiple devices, including smartphones, tablets and desktop computers. Based on the approach of research in the large, we implemented the framework with support for a large number of devices as an update to an existing application and deployed it to a user base of several thousand users. After two months in the wild, the updated application was actively used by more than 33,000 users. On a per app basis the application allows disabling the content or sending notifications altogether. We analyzed the user settings for over 36,000 apps and found, for example, that apps from the "tools" category were excluded from sending notifications most frequently. On the other hand, the users disabled sending the text for apps related to communication most often. In a final large-scale study, the users rated the usefulness of synchronized notifications on different devices. Overall, synchronized notifications from messenger apps received the highest usefulness rating across all devices. The gained insights can support the development of ubiquitous notification mechanisms that keep users informed without overloading them.
Path toward fusion energy (1985)

A brief history of the fusion research program is given. Some of the problems that plagued the developmental progress are described. (MOW)
Prediction of Treatment Outcomes After Global Endometrial Ablation (2009)

University of California at Davis Medical School, Sacramento, California Financial Disclosure: The authors did not report any potential conflicts of interest.
Design considerations for the power electronics of an electric vehicle propulsion inverter (2002)

This paper describes some of the design considerations and tradeoffs that are involved in developing the power electronics for an electric vehicle propulsion inverter. A review of topology, voltage, current and switching frequency requirements is presented. Guidelines for the design of: gate drivers, current loops, snubbers, auxiliary power supplies and protection circuits are given. Finally, loss calculations and thermal design methods are suggested.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Optical cascade star network - A new configuration for a passive distribution system with optical collision detection capability (1984)

A new fiber-optic passive network configuration with novel star couplers is reported. The new optical network configuration, an Optical Cascade Star Network, optimizes contradictory requirements for network system size and cable cost, and matches the actual layout in offices or factories. The star coupler is novel in that the optical signal does not return to the source terminals. This feature enables cascade connection of star networks, the use of simple repeaters for system extension, and the easy support of carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) bus access procedure. Experimental results obtained from novel star couplers, optical transceivers with (CSMA/CD) bus compatibility, and a total network system are also discussed.
Basic position of the Japan Prosthodontic Society with respect to the policy statement on TMD by the American Association for Dental Research (AADR) (2010)

Subjects with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) have been found to have clinical signs and symptoms of cervical dysfunction. Although many studies have investigated the relationship between the cervical spine and TMD, no study has evaluated the endurance capacity of the cervical muscles in patients with TMD. Thus the objective of this study was to determine whether patients with TMD had a reduced endurance of the cervical flexor muscles at any level of muscular contraction when compared with healthy subjects. One hundred and forty-nine participants provided data for this study (49 subjects were healthy, 54 had myogenous TMD, and 46 had mixed TMD). There was a significant difference in holding time at 25% MVC between subjects with mixed TMD when compared to subjects with myogenous TMD and healthy subjects. This implies that subjects with mixed TMD had less endurance capacity at a lower level of contraction (25% MVC) than healthy subjects and subjects with myogenous TMD. No significant associations between neck disability, jaw disability, clinical variables and neck flexor endurance test were found.
Inter-view motion vector prediction for depth coding (2014)

This paper presents an inter-view motion prediction technique for efficient compression of motion vectors of the depth views in 3D-HEVC. 3D-HEVC is an extension of HEVC standard for coding the multi-view video plus depth content, known as MVD. In MVD format, the motion characteristics of the adjacent views in the depth video are highly correlated. In this paper, we take benefit of this correlation and propose inter-view motion prediction technique, where motion information of the dependent depth views is predicted from the already coded motion information in a reference depth view. In addition, a novel method for deriving disparity vectors based on neighboring pixels is proposed in order to establish correspondences between the blocks in different depth views. Experimental results show that proposed inter-view motion prediction method provides an average bit-rate savings of 1.5% for the synthesized views when the motion information of the depth views is predicted without using the texture information.
A comparative home activity monitoring study using visual and inertial sensors (2015)

Monitoring actions at home can provide essential information for rehabilitation management. This paper presents a comparative study and a dataset for the fully automated, sample-accurate recognition of common home actions in the living room environment using commercial-grade, inexpensive inertial and visual sensors. We investigate the practical home-use of body-worn mobile phone inertial sensors together with an Asus Xmotion RGB-Depth camera to achieve monitoring of daily living scenarios. To test this setup against realistic data, we introduce the challenging SPHERE-H130 action dataset containing 130 sequences of 13 household actions recorded in a home environment. We report automatic recognition results at maximal temporal resolution, which indicate that a vision-based approach outperforms accelerometer provided by two phone-based inertial sensors by an average of 14.85% accuracy for home actions. Further, we report improved accuracy of a vision-based approach over accelerometry on particularly challenging actions as well as when generalising across subjects.
Do the ECG axis and intervals depend on the heart rate and on the body habitus (2011)

It is known that the QT interval of the electrocardiogram (ECG) is heart-rate-dependent. Due to physiological aspects, the same can be expected for the PR and the QRS interval. Moreover, it can be hypothesized that the electrical axes are influenced by the body habitus. We wanted to know if these effects can be found in a well defined study group such as young males of a certain age category or whether there is another important correlation.
The Future Direction of Refractive Surgery (1988)

ABSTRACT: Over the next 3 years, I believe that we will see modifications of the tissue lenses and surgical procedure that will improve the accuracy of donor tissue epikeratophakia, as well as the emergence of synthetic epikeratophakia, increased use of hydrogel intracorneal lenses, further development of excimer laser ablation for the correction of refractive error, and more sophisticated analysis of changes in corneal shape after refractive surgery. Ten years from now, I believe that two refractive surgical procedures, for the most part, will be performed: one tissue addition procedure (synthetic epikeratophakia) and one tissue subtraction procedure (excimer laser sculpting of the cornea). Topographic analysis will be an integral part of intraoperative evaluation during refractive and other surgical procedures, as well as diagnosis and decision-making in the office.
Increased Stiffness of the Abdominal Aorta With Intrauterine Growth Restriction in the Near-Term Fetal Sheep (2012)

Fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) results in increased placental resistance to blood flow, fetal hypertension and increased pulsatility [1]. These hemodynamic changes have been shown to lead to vascular remodeling in adolescents and adults [2, 3] but have received little study of its effect during this critical period of vascular formation. Epidemiological studies link IUGR to cardiovascular disease in adulthood [4], but the reason for this is not clearly understood. Here, we examine a large elastic artery for developmental alterations under hypertensive conditions. We hypothesize that fetal hypertension induces abdominal aorta (AA) stiffening in the fetal ovine model of IUGR and that the increased systemic artery stiffness is due to altered extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and structural changes.
Traumatic bilateral subtotal auricular amputation (2022)

In 2020, 689,656 reportable occupational accidents occurred in German workplaces, of which 7.6% involved injuries to the head region. Bilateral large soft tissue injuries of the auricles are the exception in this group. In order to achieve a replantation with a good result, a consistently timed planning of the treatment is recommended.
The PhysioNet/Computing in Cardiology Challenge 2015: Reducing false arrhythmia alarms in the ICU (2015)

High false alarm rates in the ICU decrease quality of care by slowing staff response times while increasing patient delirium through noise pollution. The 2015 Physio-Net/Computing in Cardiology Challenge provides a set of 1,250 multi-parameter ICU data segments associated with critical arrhythmia alarms, and challenges the general research community to address the issue of false alarm suppression using all available signals. Each data segment was 5 minutes long (for real time analysis), ending at the time of the alarm. For retrospective analysis, we provided a further 30 seconds of data after the alarm was triggered. A collection of 750 data segments was made available for training and a set of 500 was held back for testing. Each alarm was reviewed by expert annotators, at least two of whom agreed that the alarm was either true or false. Challenge participants were invited to submit a complete, working algorithm to distinguish true from false alarms, and received a score based on their program's performance on the hidden test set. This score was based on the percentage of alarms correct, but with a penalty that weights the suppression of true alarms five times more heavily than acceptance of false alarms. We provided three example entries based on well-known, open source signal processing algorithms, to serve as a basis for comparison and as a starting point for participants to develop their own code. A total of 38 teams submitted a total of 215 entries in this year's Challenge.
Molecular Engineering of Liquid-Crystalline Polymers by Living Polymerization. 18. SC* Mesophase in Copolymers of (2S, 3S)-(+)-2-Chloro-3- Methylpentyl 4'-(Omega-Vinyloxyalkyloxy) biphenyl-4-carboxylate with Undecanyl and Octyl Alkyl Groups (1991)

The synthesis and living cationic polymerization of (2S, 3S)-(+)-2- chloro-3-methylpentyl 4'-(11-vinyloxyundecanyloxy)biphenyl-4-carboxylate (15-11) and (2S, 3S)-(+)-2-chloro-3-methylpentyl 4'-(8-vinyloxyoctyloxy)biphenyl-4- carboxylate (15-8) are described. Poly(15-11)s and poly(15-8)s with degrees of polymerization (DP) up to 25 and polydispersities lower than 1.15 were synthesized and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal optical polarized microscopy. Over the entire range of molecular weights poly(15-11)s and poly(15-8)s exhibit enantiotropic smectic A (sA) and chiral smectic C (sC) mesophases. In addition, all poly(15-11)s exhibit a crystalline phase. Poly(15-8)s are noncrystallizable. However, poly(15-8)s with degrees of polymerization higher than 12 exhibit an unidentified sX mesophase. Poly(15-11- co-158)X/Y (where X/Y represents the molar ratio of monomer 15-11 to monomer 15-8) with DP of about 15 and polydispersities lower than 1.11 were also synthesized and characterized.
High aspect ratio nanochannel machining using single shot femtosecond Bessel beams (2010)

We report high aspect ratio nanochannel fabrication in glass using single-shot femtosecond Bessel beams of sub-3 μJ pulse energies at 800 nm. We obtain near-parallel nanochannels with diameters in the range 200–800 nm, and aspect ratios that can exceed 100. An array of 230 nm diameter channels with 1.6 μm pitch illustrates the reproducibility of this approach and the potential for writing periodic structures. We also report proof-of-principle machining of a through-channel of 400 nm diameter in a 43 μm thick membrane. These results represent a significant advance of femtosecond laser ablation technology into the nanometric regime.
Measurements of Sulfur Solubility and Diffusibility in Rubber by Tracer Method (1973)

35Sを用いたトレーサー法により, ゴム中のイオウの溶解度および拡散についてしらべた。20℃～60℃の範囲で放射性イオウ粉末が, 薄いゴム膜を拡散する状態を反対側からGM管で測定したが, このときにゴムあるいはイオウ自体によるβ線の吸収を補正するため適当な吸収板を選び, 拡散の状態を等しく評価できる方法を考案した。
Case Reports, Arachnoid Cysts with Orbital Bone Remodeling——Two Interesting Cases (2005)

Purpose: To describe two cases of arachnoid cyst that altered the bony orbit. Methods: Case report. Results: Cases of unilateral arachnoid cyst are described in two men, both over the age of 60. The patients were evaluated with computed tomography (CT) scans and in each, an arachnoid cyst in the middle cranial fossa caused bone remodeling with exophthalmos in one. These patients were followed clinically and radiographically over a number of years with no change. Conclusion: Arachnoid cysts in the middle cranial fossa have the potential to result in clinically significant proptosis due to bone remodeling of orbital walls. Patients with unexplained proptosis should be evaluated with CT scans to establish the presence of bone remodeling and an arachnoid cyst, which can be confirmed with T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
x86-TSO (2010)

Exploiting the multiprocessors that have recently become ubiquitous requires high-performance and reliable concurrent systems code, for concurrent data structures, operating system kernels, synchronization libraries, compilers, and so on. However, concurrent programming, which is always challenging, is made much more so by two problems. First, real multiprocessors typically do not provide the sequentially consistent memory that is assumed by most work on semantics and verification. Instead, they have relaxed memory models, varying in subtle ways between processor families, in which different hardware threads may have only loosely consistent views of a shared memory. Second, the public vendor architectures, supposedly specifying what programmers can rely on, are often in ambiguous informal prose (a particularly poor medium for loose specifications), leading to widespread confusion. In this paper we focus on x86 processors. We review several recent Intel and AMD specifications, showing that all contain serious ambiguities, some are arguably too weak to program above, and some are simply unsound with respect to actual hardware. We present a new x86-TSO programmer's model that, to the best of our knowledge, suffers from none of these problems. It is mathematically precise (rigorously defined in HOL4) but can be presented as an intuitive abstract machine which should be widely accessible to working programmers. We illustrate how this can be used to reason about the correctness of a Linux spinlock implementation and describe a general theory of data-race freedom for x86-TSO. This should put x86 multiprocessor system building on a more solid foundation; it should also provide a basis for future work on verification of such systems.
A Robust Static Decoupling Algorithm for 3-Axis Force Sensors Based on Coupling Error Model and ε-SVR (2012)

Coupling errors are major threats to the accuracy of 3-axis force sensors. Design of decoupling algorithms is a challenging topic due to the uncertainty of coupling errors. The conventional nonlinear decoupling algorithms by a standard Neural Network (NN) are sometimes unstable due to overfitting. In order to avoid overfitting and minimize the negative effect of random noises and gross errors in calibration data, we propose a novel nonlinear static decoupling algorithm based on the establishment of a coupling error model. Instead of regarding the whole system as a black box in conventional algorithm, the coupling error model is designed by the principle of coupling errors, in which the nonlinear relationships between forces and coupling errors in each dimension are calculated separately. Six separate Support Vector Regressions (SVRs) are employed for their ability to perform adaptive, nonlinear data fitting. The decoupling performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with the conventional method by utilizing obtained data from the static calibration experiment of a 3-axis force sensor. Experimental results show that the proposed decoupling algorithm gives more robust performance with high efficiency and decoupling accuracy, and can thus be potentially applied to the decoupling application of 3-axis force sensors.