gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carrier Transport Study of TMIn-Treated InGaN LEDs by Using Quantum Efficiency and Time-Resolved Electro-Luminescence Measurements (2011)

The aim of this study is to determine the emission and carrier transport characteristics of Trimethylindium (TMIn)-treated InGaN green light emitting diodes (LEDs) by using quantum efficiency and time-resolved electro-luminescence measurements.As TMIn treatment time increased, a more homogeneous indium composition and low V-shaped defect density lead to slightly blue-shifted peak position, narrower spectrum width, and better luminescence efficiency.In addition, the ns-scale response time shows efficient carrier injection and carrier transport.The shorter response times of the longer-TMIn-treated LED suggest that a lower V-shaped density is beneficial to carrier injection into the quantum wells and that a slight carrier localization helps carrier recombination.Furthermore, a s-scale decay time represents inefficient carrier recombination in the active region.The longer the TMIn treatment time, the shorter the response time, the faster the radiative decay rate, and the slower the nonradiative decay rate.With a forward applied voltage, lower V-shaped defect density, un-reduced polarization field, carrier delocalization, and weaker Auger recombination in the TMIn-treated samples lead to the inevitable efficiency droop.The resulting recombination dynamics are correlated with the device characteristics and performance of the TMIn-treated LEDs.The research results provide important information to solve the efficiency droop of LEDs.
Resonant cavity enhanced detectors embedded in photonic crystals (2019)

We report a resonant cavity enhanced (RCE) detector built around a three-dimensional photonic band gap crystal. The RCE detector was built by placing a monopole antenna within the localized modes of planar and boxlike defect structures. The enhanced electric field around these defect structures were then measured by a microwave detector and a network analyzer. We measured a power enhancement factor of 3450 for planar cavity structures. A Fabry–Perot cavity model was used to understand and predict resonant cavity enhancement in this structure. The tuning bandwidth of the RCE detector extends from 10.5 to 12.8 GHz, which corresponds to the full photonic band gap by the crystal. These RCE detectors have increased sensitivity and efficiency when compared to conventional detectors, and can be used for various applications.
Two-dimensional network of dislocations and nanocavities in hydrogen-implanted and two-step annealed silicon (1998)

Conventional transmission electron microscopy and energy-filtering were used to study the dislocations and nanocavities in proton-implanted (001) silicon. A two-dimensional network of dislocations and nanocavities was found after a two-step annealing, while only isolated cavities were present in single-step annealed Si. In addition, two-step annealing increased materially the size and density of the nanocavities. The Burgers vector of the dislocations was mainly the 1/2〈110〉 type. The gettering of oxygen at the nanocavities was demonstrated.
Validation of the Quality of Histological Images Obtained of Fresh and Formalin-Fixed Specimens of Esophageal and Gastric Mucosa by Laser-Scanning Confocal Microscopy (2006)

We concluded that images obtained from fresh specimens using LCM were of a quality good enough to make an accurate diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal carcinoma.
Genome‐wide analysis reveals differences in brain gene expression patterns associated with caste and reproductive status in honey bees (Apis mellifera) (2007)

A key characteristic of eusocial species is reproductive division of labour. Honey bee colonies typically have a single reproductive queen and thousands of sterile workers. Adult queens differ dramatically from workers in anatomy, physiology, behaviour and lifespan. Young female workers can activate their ovaries and initiate egg laying; these 'reproductive' workers differ from sterile workers in anatomy, physiology, and behaviour. These differences, however, are on a much smaller scale than those observed between the queen and worker castes. Here, we use microarrays to monitor expression patterns of several thousand genes in the brains of same-aged virgin queens, sterile workers, and reproductive workers. We found large differences in expression between queens and both worker groups (~2000 genes), and much smaller differences between sterile and reproductive workers (221 genes). The expression patterns of these 221 genes in reproductive workers are more queen-like, and may represent a core group of genes associated with reproductive physiology. Furthermore, queens and reproductive workers preferentially up-regulate genes associated with the nurse bee behavioural state, which supports the hypothesis of an evolutionary link between worker division of labour and molecular pathways related to reproduction. Finally, several functional groups of genes associated with longevity in other species are significantly up-regulated in queens. Identifying the genes that underlie the differences between queens, sterile workers, and reproductive workers will allow us to begin to characterize the molecular mechanisms underlying the evolution of social behaviour and large-scale remodelling of gene networks associated with polyphenisms.
Cuprosklodowskite:Musonoi, Democratic Republic of Congo (2009)

(2009). Cuprosklodowskite: Musonoi, Democratic Republic of Congo. Rocks & Minerals: Vol. 84, No. 2, pp. 144-149.
Pregnancy does not prevent degeneration of retinal axons in multiple sclerosis (P5.206) (2015)

Background: Pregnancy is associated with a reduction of relapse rate in multiple sclerosis. However, little is known about potential beneficial effects on neuroaxonal degeneration. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a sensitive, safe and non-invasive technique that provides histology-like images of the retina and allows the quantification of the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT). Objective: To investigate a potential influence of pregnancy on retinal degeneration in age-matched pregnant and non-pregnant female relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) patients. Patients/Methods: 30 pregnant and 31 non-pregnant female RRMS patients were recruited for this prospective, longitudinal study. All patients were investigated with latest generation spectral domain OCT (Heidelberg Spectralis®) and underwent neurological assessment on consecutive visits. Results: Annualized relapse rate significantly dropped from 1,0±0,9 before pregnancy to 0,6±1,4 in the first and 0,3±1,1 in the second trimester. There were no relapses during the third trimester. Clinically, there were neither significant changes of high contrast visual acuity (Snellen charts) nor of overall disability (EDSS) unrelated to relapses. RNFL thickness at baseline was significantly lower in eyes with a history of optic neuritis (ON) compared to non-ON eyes in both groups. Longitudinally, we observed a significant and comparable reduction of the RNFL in both groups (-1,53 µm after 10,2 months in the study and -1,46 µm after 11,7 months in the control group, p<0.05). Conclusion: Despite a clear beneficial effect on relapse rate, pregnancy seems not to have an immediate preventative effect on ongoing neuro-axonal degeneration in RRMS as depicted by OCT retinal imaging.
Rehabilitation of tubular members with carbon reinforced polymers (2017)

Tubular structures have become increasingly popular for steel and aluminium construction, for economic and aesthetic reasons, yet member deterioration and fatigue-cracking of connections is often reported in the offshore industry, in the transportation and agricultural sectors, and with amusement rides. The suitability of such materials to rehabilitate tubular steel members and the structural behaviour of the resulting composite system were investigated experimentally. The programme was tailored primarily to the offshore industry and techniques associated with underwater repair methods. Employing a wet-layup application method, the main focus was on the static flexural performance of steel-FRP composite beams, with principal experimental parameters being the fibre and epoxy material types and the matrix curing conditions. Curing of the specimens was performed both in air and in seawater, the latter simulating the condition for underwater application to offshore structures. The strengthening process was effective as all wrapped composite members exhibited improved structural performance compared to that of a bare tube. The current study has proven the feasibility of rehabilitating tubular steel members with advanced composite materials, underwater.
Facile Hydrothermal Synthesis of EAB‐Type Zeolite under Static Synthesis Conditions (2021)

Abstract Conventionally, EAB‐type zeolites are crystallized by hydrothermal synthesis for many days under agitational synthesis conditions such as rotation or stirring. In the present study, EAB‐type zeolite is obtained by hydrothermal synthesis within 12 h under static synthesis conditions for the first time. The effects of crystallization temperature, aging of the precursor sol, and addition of seed crystals are investigated. The results reveal that EAB‐type zeolite can be obtained when using a precursor sol with short aging time followed by hydrothermal synthesis in a very narrow temperature range 110 °C−120 °C under static synthesis condition. Addition of seed crystals is found to suppress the formation of SOD‐type zeolite, the primary phase at high hydrothermal synthesis temperatures, while it does not increase the crystallization rate of EAB‐type zeolite. Furthermore, the crystallization behavior at 120 °C is examined by varying the synthesis time. EAB‐type zeolite with invariably twinned plate‐like morphology starts to crystallize between synthesis time of 3 to 6 h at 120 °C under the static synthesis condition.
ACETABULAR RECONSTRUNCTION WITH TRABECULAR TANTALUM AUGMENT IN LARGE BONE DEFECTS (2011)

Introduction: Acetabular bone defects are critical and frustrating issue; indeed is possible to obtain good reconstruction with conventional Methods: (i.e. bulk graft, cage and cement) but good results are limited to short and mid term. Aim of this paper is to present reconstructive method based on filling the defect with an augment made of tantalum (augmentation technique). Methods: We analized 42 cases from February 2005 to March 2009 with an average age of 63 years old with acetabular defect, scored 3A or more (4 patients had pelvic disjunction) according Paprosky classification. The average age was very low, with 12 cases under 60 years (28,57%) and 21 under 70 (50%). 18 patients were re-revision (at time of surgery were at third or fourth surgical procedure) representing 54,2% of cases. Complete clinical, radiographic evaluation and survivorship analysis for the entire study cohort was performed from an average follow up of 26 months (min 6–max 55 months). Results and Discussion: Preliminar results are encouraging: in only two case we had poor results with step pain and prescribed partial load and walking with two crutches, slight radiographic sign of migration where present at the last follow-up. These patients were previously submitted to many surgical procedures with significant bone loss, soft tissue damages and both with history of previous infection, classified as pelvic disjunction. One of these reported a ischiatic palsy. In the remaining cases we obtained good functional recover, no failures at two years average of follow-up. 40 patients didn’t show hip or groin pain during stance position or walking, no bone resorption or implant mobilization were seen at radiographic follow-up. The HHS increases from 23,04 pre op to 85,15 post op. In no case were found clinical, radiographic, or biochemical signs of infection. According with literature the rationale of augmentation technique with trabecular metal should give long lasting favourable results for its excellent bone ingrowth and mechanical properties. Our results almost match the results of other authors. These brilliant results, partially due to osteoconductive proprieties of tantalum (despite we require time to confirmate), are certainly obtained thank to the optimal centre of rotation reconstruction, always close the physiological one.
5.5 W output power from 100 μm stripe width lasers at 670 nm with a vertical far-field angle of 32 degrees (2007)

670 nm broad area diode lasers with an output power of 5.5 W and a conversion efficiency of 40% will be presented. Reliable operation over 1800 h at more than 1 W will be demonstrated.
Dynamic Construction of Stimulus Values in the Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex (2011)

Signals representing the value assigned to stimuli at the time of choice have been repeatedly observed in ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Yet it remains unknown how these value representations are computed from sensory and memory representations in more posterior brain regions. We used electroencephalography (EEG) while subjects evaluated appetitive and aversive food items to study how event-related responses modulated by stimulus value evolve over time. We found that value-related activity shifted from posterior to anterior, and from parietal to central to frontal sensors, across three major time windows after stimulus onset: 150-250 ms, 400-550 ms, and 700-800 ms. Exploratory localization of the EEG signal revealed a shifting network of activity moving from sensory and memory structures to areas associated with value coding, with stimulus value activity localized to vmPFC only from 400 ms onwards. Consistent with these results, functional connectivity analyses also showed a causal flow of information from temporal cortex to vmPFC. Thus, although value signals are present as early as 150 ms after stimulus onset, the value signals in vmPFC appear relatively late in the choice process, and seem to reflect the integration of incoming information from sensory and memory related regions.
Simulation of the interface between the Indian summer monsoon and the East Asian summer monsoon: Intercomparison between MPI-ESM and ECHAM5/MPI-OM (2016)

The time-mean and interannual variability of the interface between the Indian summer monsoon and East Asian summer monsoon (IIE) was assessed using both Max-Planck-Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM) and ECHAM5/MPI-OM and by calculating diagnostics and skill metrics around the IIE area. Progress has been made in modeling these aspects by moving from ECHAM5/MPI-OM to MPI-ESM. MPI-ESM is more skillful than ECHAM5/MPI-OM in modeling the time-mean state and the extreme condition of the IIE. Though simulation of the interannual variability significantly deviates to some extent in both MPI-ESM and ECHAM5/MPI-OM, MPI-ESM-LR shows better skill in reflecting the relationship among sea surface temperature anomalies over the Pacific, circulation anomalies over East Asia, and IIE variability. The temperature becomes warmer under the RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 scenarios in comparison with the historical experiments, but the position of the IIE and the key physical process in relation to the IIE variability almost remains the same, suggesting that the Indian summer monsoon tends to change in phase with the East Asian summer monsoon under each RCP scenario. The relatively realistic description of the physical processes modulated by terrain in MPI-ESM may be one of the most important reasons why MPI-ESM performs better in simulating the IIE.
Crazing as a method for preparation of polymer blends (2012)

Publications on the development of a new universal method for the preparation of polymer-polymer blends are reviewed. This approach is based on the phenomenon of solvent crazing, which comes into play in the tensile drawing of polymers in the presence of adsorption-active liquid media. It is important that solvent crazing is accompanied by the development of a unique fibillarporous structure, in which the dimensions of craze pores and fibrils do not exceed several tens of nanometers. Two approaches to the preparation of the polymer-polymer blends are described. According to the first approach, the nanoporous structure of the solvent-crazed polymer is filled with the monomer, and its further in situ polymerization results in the polymer-polymer blends. The second approach has been recently advanced by the authors of this publication; it involves direct penetration of macromolecules into the formed fibillar-porous structure of the solvent-crazed polymer. Both approaches are capable of producing diverse polymeric blends with a high degree of mutual dispersion of the components. The above materials are shown to be characterized by specific mechanical, electrical, and adsorption properties, which are due to the unique fibillar-porous structure of the solventcrazed polymer. The composition, structure, and properties of the prepared blends are controlled by the mechanism of solvent crazing and by the deformation conditions of the initial polymer. Several aspects of the practical application of the polymer blends prepared via the mechanism of solvent crazing in adsorption-active liquid media are reviewed.
Heat Transfer and Two-Phase Flow Regimes in Manifolded Microgaps - R245fa Empirical Results (2019)

Two-phase embedded cooling has great potential for meeting the increasing thermal management needs of high-heat flux electronics. Use of manifold microgap channels further enhances the effectiveness of embedded cooling while maintaining low pressure drop and pumping power and has demonstrated average channel wall heat transfer coefficients exceeding 45,000 W/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> K, with the dielectric refrigerant R245fa as the working fluid. The current R245fa study uses simultaneous high-speed imaging and infrared thermography to provide phenomenological insights into the flow behavior and its associated local heat transfer occurring on the manifolded microgap channel wall. The thermofluid behavior was found to display a strong dependence on the flow thermodynamic quality, with peak heat transfer coefficients occurring at approximately 30% quality and decreasing by a factor of 2-3 with further increases in quality.
Aluminum‐Mediated Formation of Cyclic Carbonates: Benchmarking Catalytic Performance Metrics (2016)

We report a comparative study on the activity of a series of fifteen binary catalysts derived from various reported aluminum-based complexes. A benchmarking of their initial rates in the coupling of various terminal and internal epoxides in the presence of three different nucleophilic additives was carried out, providing for the first time a useful comparison of activity metrics in the area of cyclic organic carbonate formation. These investigations provide a useful framework for how to realistically valorize relative reactivities and which features are important when considering the ideal operational window of each binary catalyst system.
Post-synthetic modification of porous materials: superprotonic conductivities and membrane applications in fuel cells (2020)

This review provides a comprehensive overview of post-synthetic modification of porous materials to synthesize superprotonic solid electrolytes and their membranes and explore their applications in proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
Human myeloma: Several subsets of circulating lymphocytes express plasma cell‐associated antigens (1988)

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 9 monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance (MGUS) and 27 multiple myelomas (MM) were studied with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) that recognize B and T lymphocytes and plasma cells. No difference in the percentage of B lymphocytes, identified by B1 and B4 MoAb, was observed in MGUS and MM patients versus normal controls. However, high percentages of circulating lymphocytes expressing plasma cell-associated antigens were detected in MM (HAN-PC1+ = 29.4 +/- 20.4%; TEC-T10+ = 27.8 +/- 19.2%) whereas they were in the normal range in MGUS (HAN-PC1+ = 8.8 +/- 5.8% p = 0.006; TEC-T10+ = 5.7 +/- 4.7% p less than 0.001). Almost identical results were obtained using PCA-1 MoAb in 17 of these patients. TEC-T10+ and PCA-1+ lymphocytes were sorted and re-analyzed with phycoerythrin conjugated MoAb in 3 healthy subjects, 2 MGUS, and 4 MM patients. In normal subjects and in MGUS the majority of PCA-1+ cells belonged to the B lineage (Leu 2-, Leu3-, Leu 15-, HLA-Dr+), whereas the majority of TEC-T10+ cells are represented by activated T cells and NK cells (Leu 15+). In MM an abnormal expansion of T lymphocytes was chiefly responsible for the high values of lymphocytes expressing plasma cell-associated antigens. Moreover, in MM a clinical evaluation showed a correlation between the presence of these lymphocytes and an aggressive disease. Indeed, they can be considered a useful prognostic marker.
Fecal Excretion of Deoxyribonucleic Acid in Long-term Follow-up of Patients with Inactive Ulcerative Colitis (2006)

Fecal DNA concentration remained stable in patients with inactive ulcerative colitis but increased significantly with relapses. Determining fecal DNA concentration may be a new objective instrument to use in the follow-up of patients.
Detecting white matter injury in sickle cell disease using voxel‐based morphometry (2006)

VBM is sensitive to detection of widespread white matter injury in SCD patients in borderzones between arterial territories even in the absence of evidence of infarction. Those changes may contribute to cognitive deficits in this population.
115. Cyclosporin A treatment depresses acetylcholine-induced relaxation in aorta and increases noradrenaline sensitivity in small interlobar renal arteries in the rat (1991)

The journal consistently attracts the most important and highly innovative papers from the current research; our commitment to rapid publication ensures that these are published in the fastest time possible. In addition to primary papers from world-renowned experts, the Journal contains authoritative reviews that summarize and evaluate the most significant recent developments. Also included are special reports, original short papers containing innovative and time-sensitive information. Submitted articles undergo a preliminary review by the editor. Some articles may be returned to authors without further consideration. Those being considered for publication will undergo further assessment and peer-review by the editors and those invited to do so from a reviewer pool. ​ Official Journal of the: International Society of Hypertension European Society of Hypertension
Application of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in Foot and Ankle Surgery (2011)

Over the last few decades, significant efforts have been made to more clearly elucidate the role of electrical stimulation devices in orthopedic surgery. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) devices have been established as an adjunct treatment modality for not only nonunions but also for fracture management, failed arthrodeses, and congenital pseudarthrosis. More recently, research has focused on exploring the scope of applications in orthopedic surgery appropriate for PEMF and the specific mechanisms by which PEMF modulates bone healing. A literature review was conducted to examine the use and benefits of PEMF. Multiple in vitro and in vivo studies were reviewed. The existing literature reporting on application of PEMF in foot and ankle surgery is quite limited, with most studies reporting on the use of PEMF in primary and revision foot and ankle arthrodeses. Strong level I clinical studies evaluating the role of PEMF in foot and ankle surgery, particularly, are currently lacking. The use of PEMF is supported primarily by successes in the treatment of long bone delayed unions and nonunions. The routine use of PEMF in primary arthrodesis in the foot and ankle is based on limited clinical evidence at this point. Whether PEMF will prove to be an adjunct modality to revision surgery is still unclear, as further studies are needed to substantiate its use in such high-risk situations.