gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
58 PLASMA EXTRACELLULAR SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE IS DECREASED IN HIGH-ALTITUDE MOUNTAINEERS WHO ARE ENDURANCE TRAINED. (2006)

<h3>Purpose</h3> To measure plasma concentrations of extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) in healthy mature athletes. <h3>Methods</h3> Subjects were identified at the annual meeting of the American Alpine Club who were over age 40 and active in mountaineering. They completed a questionnaire describing their aerobic training when not on expeditions and their general health, a health status survey (SF-36), and had pulmonary function tests performed. Blood samples were drawn and assayed for plasma EC-SOD using ELISA. A control group of similar-aged healthy subjects who were not selected for activity or interests was enrolled for comparison. Neither group reported a history of cardiovascular disease. <h3>Summary</h3> The mean age of the mountaineer group was 52.7 years and the control group 55.7 years. Pulmonary function tests showed that the mountaineer group had a mean forced vital capacity as a percentage of predicted volume of 105 ± 3% (mean ± standard error of the mean) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second as a percentage of the predicted volume of 101 ± 3%. Plasma EC-SOD concentrations were 142.8 ± 17.4 ng/mL in the control group and 22.4 ± 2.56 ng/mL in the mountaineer group (<i>p</i> &lt; .001). Looking at the mountaineer group alone and dividing them into an active (3 days per week of aerobic exercise) group and an extremely active (5 or more days per week of aerobic exercise) group the EC-SOD levels were 27.2 ± 3.4 and 17.6 ± 3.4 (t = 1.99, p = .058). <h3>Conclusions</h3> EC-SOD is the primary catalytic antioxidant in the extracellular spaces and fluids. It scavenges superoxide and protects the vulnerable macromolecules of the extracellular matrix, such as collagen and proteoglycan, from oxidant damage. The majority of EC-SOD is bound to tissue and is in equilibrium with plasma levels. EC-SOD is highly expressed in the musculoskeletal tissues and exercise training has been shown to decrease plasma EC-SOD and raise tissue binding. Low EC-SOD plasma levels have been associated with a worse prognosis in cardiovascular disease but in the context of healthy, fit mountaineers may reflect the effect of increased tissue binding and better protection of the musculoskeletal system from oxidant injury. This is the first population study that has looked at plasma EC-SOD levels in relation to a group of individuals with a history of high-performance athletics and may provide insight into mechanisms of how exercise enhances function.
Straightforward Access to Pyrazines, Piperazinones, and Quinoxalines by Reactions of 1,2-Diaza-1,3-butadienes with 1,2-Diamines under Solution, Solvent-Free, or Solid-Phase Conditions (2006)

The preparation of tetrahydropyrazines, dihydropyrazines, pyrazines, piperazinones, and quinoxalines by 1,4-addition of 1,2-diamines to 1,2-diaza-1,3-butadienes bearing carboxylate, carboxamide, or phosphorylated groups at the terminal carbon and subsequent internal heterocyclization is described. The solvent-free reaction of carboxylated 1,2-diaza-1,3-butadienes with the same reagents affords piperazinones, while phosphorylated 1,2-diaza-1,3-butadienes yield phosphorylated pyrazines. The solid-phase reaction of polymer-bound 1,2-diaza-1,3-butadienes with 1,2-diamines produces pyrazines.
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Lactose in Milk (1981)

A rapid and simple high performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of lactose in milk was developed. Samples were diluted with 0.5% perchloric acid and centrifuged, and an aliquot of the supernate was mixed with acetonitrile. Lactose was separated on a 10 micron particle-size silica column with aqueous acetonitrile as the mobile phase. The recovery of lactose from whole, skim, and chocolate milk averaged 99.2, 101.1, and 100.4%, respectively. Coefficients of variation for routinely performed duplicate determinations are between 1.0 and 1.5%.
Multipotent Stromal Cells Derived From the Infrapatellar Fat Pad of the Knee (2003)

Tissue engineering approaches for promoting the repair of skeletal tissues have focused on cell-based therapies involving multipotent stromal cells. Recent studies have identified such cells in several tissues in the adult human, including skin, muscle, bone marrow, and subcutaneous fat. This study examined the hypothesis that the infrapatellar fat pad of the adult knee contains progenitor cells that have the ability to differentiate into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, or adipocytes under appropriate culture conditions. Cells isolated from the fat pad stroma had a profile of cell-surface molecules similar but not identical to that of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Using defined culture conditions, fat pad-derived stromal cells were induced to differentiate cells with phenotypic characteristics of: (1) chondrocytes, synthesizing cartilage matrix molecules; (2) adipocytes, producing lipid vacuoles and leptin; or (3) osteoblasts, forming mineralized tissue. The culture conditions also modulated the expression of characteristic gene markers for each lineage. This study supports the hypothesis that multipotent stromal cells are present in many connective tissues in the adult human. Given its location and accessibility, the fat pad may prove to be a potential source of progenitor cells for musculoskeletal tissue engineering.
Simultaneous Trapping of Electrons and Anionic Clusters in a Penning Trap (2003)

The simultaneous storage of electrons and anionic clusters in a Penning trap influences the trapping conditions of the ions, e. g. it results in a shift of the motional frequencies. In addition, the overlap of the electron cloud with the stored anions leads to electron attachment to the already charged anionic clusters. The time dependence of the attachment process and the influence of the trapping potential are reviewed. These experimental results may be useful in the characterization of the stored electron ensemble.
Multispectral analysis of magnetic resonance images. (1985)

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging systems produce spatial distribution estimates of proton density, relaxation time, and flow, in a two dimensional matrix form that is analogous to that of the image data obtained from multispectral imaging satellites. Advanced NASA satellite image processing offers sophisticated multispectral analysis of MR images. Spin echo and inversion recovery pulse sequence images were entered in a digital format compatible with satellite images and accurately registered pixel by pixel. Signatures of each tissue class were automatically determined using both supervised and unsupervised classification. Overall tissue classification was obtained in the form of a theme map. In MR images of the brain, for example, the classes included CSF, gray matter, white matter, subcutaneous fat, muscle, and bone. These methods provide an efficient means of identifying subtle relationships in a multi-image MR study.
Nucleotide, VI. Synthese und Eigenschaften von Pteridinnucleosid‐5′ ‐monophosphaten (1978)

Abstract Verschiedene Pteridin‐ N ‐1‐ und Pteridin‐ N ‐8‐nucleosid‐5′‐monophosphate( 11–20, 22, 24 ) werden nach der Yoshikawa‐Methode mit POCl 3 in Trimethylphosphat dargestellt und durch UV‐Daten und Phosphatbestimmungen charakterisiert. Enzymatische Phosphathydrolysen mit 5′‐Nucleotidase zeigen in der Lumazinnucleotid‐Reihe ( 11–20 ) eine starke Abhangigkeit von den Substituenten in 6‐ und 7‐Stellung während mit alkalischer Phosphatase nur eine geringe Substratspezifität festgestellt wird.
Flexible Packaging Concept for a Space Suit Portable Life Support Subsystem (2009)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper documents the progress of a conceptual packaging design effort for a Portable Life Support Subsystem (PLSS). The concept discussed is a flexible backpack intended for use on the Constellation Program (CxP) lunar suit, also known as the Constellation Space Suit Element (CSSE). The goal of this effort is to reduce the weight of the PLSS packaging while also meeting CxP goals to develop systems that are less costly, more adaptable to mission and technology changes, and have more performance capability than that of existing systems or previous lunar systems. This flexible backpack concept relies on a foam protection system to absorb, distribute, and dissipate the energy from falls on the lunar surface. The testing and analysis of the foam protection system concept that took place during this effort indicate that this method of system packaging is a viable solution.&lt;/div&gt;
Bile Acid Synthesis Disorders in Arabs (2017)

BASDs are rare but treatable causes of metabolic liver disease in Saudi Arabia. BASD should be considered in infants with cholestasis and low or normal serum total bile acid concentrations.
Effects of high‐dose fenfluramine treatment on monoamine uptake sites in rat brain: Assessment using quantitative autoradiography (1990)

Fenfluramine is an amphetamine derivative that in humans is used primarily as an anorectic agent in the treatment of obesity. In rats, subchronic high-dose d,l-fenfluramine treatment (24 mg/kg subcutaneously, twice daily for 4 days) causes long-lasting decreases in brain serotonin (5HT), its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and high-affinity 5HT uptake sites. Moreover, this high-dose treatment regimen causes both selective long-lasting decreases in fine-caliber 5HT-immunoreactive axons and appearance of other 5HT-immunoreactive axons with morphology characteristic of degenerating axons. Determination of the potential neurotoxic effects of fenfluramine treatment using immunohistochemistry is limited from the perspectives that staining is difficult to quantify and that it relies on presence of the antigen (in this case 5HT), and the 5HT-depleting effects of fenfluramine are well known. In the present study, we used quantitative in vitro autoradiography to assess, in detail, the density and regional distribution of [3H]paroxetine-labeled 5HT and [3H]mazindol-labeled catecholamine uptake sites in response to the high-dose fenfluramine treatment described above. Because monoamine uptake sites are concentrated on monoamine-containing nerve terminals, decreases in uptake site density would provide a quantitative assessment of potential neurotoxicity resulting from this fenfluramine treatment regimen. Marked decreases in densities of [3H]paroxetine-labeled 5HT uptake sites occurred in brain regions in which fenfluramine treatment decreased the density of 5HT-like immunostaining when compared to saline-treated control rats. These included cerebral cortex, caudate putamen, hippocampus, thalamus, and medial hypothalamus. Smaller, but nonetheless significant, decreases in density of [3H]paroxetine-labeled 5HT uptake sites were noted in brain regions in which partial sparing of 5HT-like immunoreactive fibers had been reported following fenfluramine treatment, specifically septum, lateral hypothalamus, and amygdala. In contrast, [3H]mazindol autoradiography revealed that total catecholamine (i.e., dopamine and norepinephrine) uptake sites in cerebral cortex, caudate putamen, and locus coeruleus, areas in which [3H]paroxetine-labeled 5HT uptake sites were significantly decreased, were unaffected by this fenfluramine treatment. These data support the hypothesis that subchronic, high-dose fenfluramine treatment causes selective degeneration of 5HT axons in rat brain. Since pharmacokinetic studies show that the dosing regimen used in this study exposes rat brain to concentrations of fenfluramine that are approximately 600 times greater than those resulting from the therapeutic oral dose, caution must be exercised in extrapolating these data to humans.
Role of the beta Common (beta c) Family of Cytokines in Health and Disease (2018)

The β common ([βc]/CD131) family of cytokines comprises granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-3, and IL-5, all of which use βc as their key signaling receptor subunit. This is a prototypic signaling subunit-sharing cytokine family that has unveiled many biological paradigms and structural principles applicable to the IL-2, IL-4, and IL-6 receptor families, all of which also share one or more signaling subunits. Originally identified for their functions in the hematopoietic system, the βc cytokines are now known to be truly pleiotropic, impacting on multiple cell types, organs, and biological systems, and thereby controlling the balance between health and disease. This review will focus on the emerging biological roles for the βc cytokines, our progress toward understanding the mechanisms of receptor assembly and signaling, and the application of this knowledge to develop exciting new therapeutic approaches against human disease.
Comparison of preschool vision screening methods in a population with a high prevalence of astigmatism. (2001)

In a population that included many children with astigmatism, objective, fully automated screening methods (NCARS and KERS) were superior to both visual acuity screening and photoscreening with subjective interpretation in identifying children who had astigmatism requiring spectacle correction.
Diagnostic test of bioresonance therapy system for drug allergy (2009)

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of bioresonance therapy system in patients with drug allergy.Methods The BICOM2000 bioresonance therapy system was applied to detect allergens in drug allergy group and control group,meanwhile the skin prick test was applied to detect antigens in part of them as control.The clinical significance of bioresonance therapy system for drug allergy was evaluated by the means of diagnostic test.Results The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of bioresonance therapy system were 92.65%,88.73% and 89.67% respectively in the diagnosis of drug allergy.There was a significant difference (X2=5.14,P＜0.05)between bioresonance therapy system and skin prick test in the diagnosis of drug allergy,the former was better than the latter in the positive detection rate.The correlation coefficients indicated an advanced positive correlation(X2=66.32,P＜0.05,r=0.8614) between the two procedures.Conclusion The bioresonance therapy system is a valuable,fast and safe method in vitro diagnosis for drug allergy.

Key words: 
Drug allergy;  Allergen;  Bioresonance;  Diagnostic test
Copyright Protection for Modifiable Digital Content Based on Distributed Environment (2008)

Today, users themselves are becoming subjects of content creation. The fact that blog, wiki, and UCC have become very popular shows that users want to participate to create and modify digital content. Users who participate in composing content also want to have their copyrights on their modification parts. Thus, a copyright protection system for the content which can be modified by multiple users is required. However, the conventional DRM (Digital Rights Management) systems like OMA DRM are not suitable for the modifiable content because they do not support the content created and modified by different users. Therefore in this paper, we propose a new copyright protection system which allows each modifier of the content created and modified by multiple users to have one's own copyright. We propose data formats and protocols, and analyze the proposed system in terms of the correctness and security. Performance evaluation in the view of response time shows that the proposed system is 2 to 18 times shorter than other comparative schemes.
Description of a new species of the genusPeltidiumPhilippi, 1839 from southern Korea (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) – with a review of the genus (2014)

Peltidium byungwooi sp. nov. is described in morphological detail from samples collected from the macroalgal beds on rocky bottoms using a light trap from Yeoseodo Island, Korea. Our studies revealed the following morphological diagnostic characters: body strongly chitinized and dorsoventrally flattened; antennule 7-segmented; antenna with allobasis, exopod 2-segmented, bearing one and three setae, respectively; allobasis of maxilla bilobed, drawn out into a small claw with two accessory setae; endopod represented by a small protuberance bearing one seta; swimming legs P2–P4 exp-3 with two outer spines; P2 enp-1 without inner seta; P3 enp-3 with two inner setae; inner endopodal lobe of female P5 with very short outer seta (about 5.4 times shorter than inner one, 3.6 times in male); male P2 enp-3 bearing modified inner distal spine with blunt tip. Phylogenetic, zoogeographic, biological, and ecological characteristics of the family Peltidiidae are reviewed for the genus Peltidium.
Coping with uncertainty in a location-based game (2003)

With location-based games, how you manage uncertainty can make the difference between fun and fiasco. Game designers should know what uncertainties to hide and what to reveal to create an engaging experience. This article describes our experiences, focusing on uncertainty, in publicly deploying an experimental, mobile mixed-reality game called Can You See Me Now?.
NFAR protein isoform- and subcellular distribution in normal and neoplastic tissues. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;A&lt;/b&gt;. Intron-exon organization of the &lt;i&gt;ILF3&lt;/i&gt; gene &lt;a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011710#pone.0011710-Viranaicken1" target="_blank"&gt;[25]&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011710#pone.0011710-Duchange1" target="_blank"&gt;[33]&lt;/a&gt;. Exons are indicated by black boxes (top); alternative splicing yields diverse transcripts encoding DRBP76/ILF3 proteins with distinct C-termini (bottom; coding sequences are indicated by solid boxes). Hatched lines indicate proposed alternative splicing of exon 3 &lt;a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011710#pone.0011710-Viranaicken1" target="_blank"&gt;[25]&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;b&gt;B&lt;/b&gt;. DRBP76 immunoblot of HeLa or HEK293 cell lysates (lanes 1–2) or non-fractionated murine tissue extracts of the indicated origin (lanes 3–8). (Lanes 9–10) DRBP76 immunoblot of normal &lt;i&gt;Cynomologus&lt;/i&gt; brain (cyno) and NHA cell lysate. &lt;b&gt;C&lt;/b&gt;. DRBP76 immunoblots of HEK293 and HTB-14 glioma cell lysates (lanes 1, 2) and total extracts prepared from normal cortex (3, 6 = frontal; 4, 7 = temporal; 5 = parietal) of human (h.s.) or simian (cyno) brain or human GBM tissue samples (8–13). Asterisks indicate histopathologically confirmed contamination with normal CNS. &lt;b&gt;D&lt;/b&gt;. NFAR protein immunoblot analyzed with 7% tris-acetate gel electrophoresis. Simian (cyno) and fractionated cytoplasmic and nuclear murine (m.) brain extracts were studied in parallel with HEK293 lysates. Protein bands are labeled in (E). &lt;b&gt;E&lt;/b&gt;. Evaluation of NFAR proteins in fractionated, cytoplasmic extracts from human normal brain and GBM tissues. Immunoblot filters were deliberately over-exposed to reveal all DRBP76-immunoreactive material. sc35 is a nuclear spliceosome component. &lt;b&gt;F&lt;/b&gt;. DRBP76 immunoblot from fractionated extracts of the indicated cell lines. SH-SY5Y (SY5Y) cells were untreated or treated to induce a neuronal phenotype with ATRA.&lt;/p&gt;
A Simplified Approach to Temporary DDD Pacing Using a Single Lead, Balloon‐Tipped Catheter with Overlapping Biphasic Impulse Stimulation (2001)

Temporary DDD pacing offers significant hemodynamic benefits in emergency management of bradyarrhythmias but is underused because of its complexity (two leads) and unreliability. Single lead VDD pacing with atrial sensing via a floating dipole is feasible, but atrial pacing is limited by high thresholds and phrenic nerve stimulation (PNS). Overlapping biphasic impulse (OLBI) stimulation may avoid these problems. The authors designed a single lead balloon-tipped catheter for temporary transvenous DDD pacing, incorporating noncontact atrial dipoles for OLBI stimulation. This catheter was deployed using fluoroscopic guidance in 74 patients (43 men, 31 women) with mean age 56.9 +/- 17.0 years. Pacing parameters were assessed at implantation and follow-up. The median procedural time was 6.6 (range 1.2-25.0) minutes and fluoroscopy time 1.9 (range 0.2-7.8) minutes. Stable VDD pacing was achieved in all cases. Atrial capture was achieved in 73 of 74 cases with both modes at maximum output but was restricted by PNS at outputs below atrial capture threshold in 3 of 74 cases with OLBI and 10 of 74 cases with standard bipolar mode (P = 0.04). At outputs > or = 1.0 V above atrial threshold, reliable DDD pacing without PNS was achieved and maintained in 67 (91%) of 74 patients in OLBI compared to 53 (72%) of 74 patients in bipolar mode (P = 0.003). Pacing parameters were stable during follow-up (median 53 hours, range 6-168 hours). In conclusion, the single lead catheter with OLBI stimulation allows temporary VDD and DDD pacing without PNS to be achieved in > 90% of patients. This rapid and convenient approach should facilitate DDD pacing in emergency settings.
On designing optimal trajectories for servo-actuated mechanisms through highly detailed virtual prototypes (2013)

Servo-actuated mechanisms are increasingly substituting fully mechanical drives in order to increase flexibility and reconfigurability of modern automatic machines. The overall servomechanism performance, especially in the case of high-dynamic motions, is the direct consequence of several interacting factors, namely electric motor and linkage dynamics, controller efficacy, and requested motion law. In particular, Point-To-Point (PTP) trajectories are usually designed in order to comply with technological constraints, imposed by the required interaction with the handled product, and to maximize some optimality criterion such as, for instance, energy efficiency or limited actuation torques. In this context, the present paper proposes a novel method for generating either energy-optimal or torque-optimal PTP motions described by piecewise fifth-order polynomials. The optimization cost functions are based on a virtual prototype of the system, which comprises behavioral models of power converter, controller and electric motor coupled with the mechanical system. Results are then compared with experimental data obtained on a physical prototype. The comparison quantitatively shows that better-behaved PTP trajectories can be designed by including the dynamic contribution of each sub-system component.