gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An effective, cost-efficient extraction method of biomass from wet microalgae with a functional polymeric membrane (2013)

For energy-efficient extraction of biomass from microalgae, it is essential to extract the intracellular lipid directly from wet microalgae without drying the microalgal biomass. In this work, a novel, highly efficient cell disruption process was devised using a functional membrane coated with a cationic polymer. The proposed mechanism of cell disruption involves the perturbation of the local electrostatic equilibrium of the amphiphilic microalgal cell membrane caused by the direct contact with the tertiary-amine cations on the surface of the membrane. A tert-amine-containing polymer, poly-dimethylaminomethylstyrene (pDMAMS) film was conformally deposited on a nylon membrane by a vapor-phase polymerization process, termed as initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD). For the wet extraction with this membrane, the pDMAMS-coated membrane was immersed in a microalgal culture of Aurantiochytrium sp. KRS101. The microalgal culture was simply shaken together with the membrane to prompt the contact with the pDMAMS-coated membrane. With this ultimately simple procedure, the bursting of cells was clearly observed. Surprisingly, by this simple, energy-efficient process, a significantly high disruption yield of 25.6 ± 2.18% was achieved. The membrane-based extraction process is highly desirable in that (1) the process does not require an energy-consuming drying procedure, and (2) the proposed cell disruption method with a functional membrane is extremely simple and highly efficient.
Surviving ischemia: adaptive responses mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (2000)

While the other Perspectives in this series provide readers with state-of-the-art overviews of responses to ischemia on an organ-by-organ basis, I focus here on a single transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), and its role in the physiologic responses to hypoxia and ischemia. Whether in the brain, heart, kidneys, lungs, or muscle, HIF-1 is essential for ischemiainduced angiogenesis, as described by Isner (this Perspective series, ref. 1), and it may also be a critical mediator of late-phase preconditioning, as described by Williams and Benjamin (this Perspective series, ref.
The Unsteady Pre-Stall Behavior of the Spike-Type Rotating Stall Within an Airfoil Vaned-Diffuser (2018)

The spike-type rotating stall (RS) inception inside the vaned-diffuser, which seriously restricts the performance range and brings the problems of blade fatigue, still seems to be a ‘mystery’ since its randomness. The paper intends to explain the mechanisms of this stall inception. To quantitatively assess the critical unsteady behavior to the initiation of RS inception, the transient measurement characterizes the process falling into the RS through the parameter of ‘blade passing irregularity’. The underlying vortex disturbance, related to the growing of the flow complexity and the final spike-type precursor, is further revealed by the full-annulus simulation. The results show the propagation principle of the vortexes from the design to the stall inception point, reflected by the distribution of ‘blade passing irregularity’. The performance change of different sub-components due to the vortex behavior is presented. At the RS limit, the sudden ramp-up of the ‘blade passing irregularity’ near the leading edge (LE), accompanied with the drop of the static pressure rise in the sub-component between the semi-vaneless and throat, corresponds to the spike-type inception in the form of a clockwise vortex connecting the suction side of the diffuser vane and the pressure side of the adjacent vane. Besides, when approaching the spike-type inception point, the couple effect of the growing potential of the diffuser vane and the enhanced vortex disturbance at the impeller outlet degrades the diffuser inlet flow.
Mutational screening and association study of glutamate decarboxylase 1 as a candidate susceptibility gene for bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia (2005)

Recent evidence from postmortem studies suggests that GAD1 encoding the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthetic enzyme GAD67 is a functional candidate susceptibility gene for both bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) and schizophrenia. Previous studies suggest linkage between D2S326 near GAD1 and BPAD. We systematically screened GAD1 exons, flanking intronic sequences, and the promoter sequence for polymorphisms in 16 BPAD patients and five controls from Denmark. We identified eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) including two in the promoter sequence. An association study of SNPs covering GAD1 was performed in a Danish sample of 82 BPAD subjects and 120 controls and in a Scottish sample of 197 individuals with schizophrenia, 200 BPAD subjects and 199 controls. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) and haplotype frequencies were estimated from genotype data from eight SNPs. Strong pairwise LD was observed among all pairs of neighboring markers. In the Danish sample, we found weak association between BPAD and two promoter SNPs spaced 1 kb apart. Furthermore, one, two, and three loci haplotype analysis showed weak association with BPAD in the Danish sample. The results from the association studies indicate that promoter variants are of importance for the Danish BPAD cases and we cannot reject the hypothesis of GAD1 as a functional candidate gene for BPAD. No association was observed between BPAD or schizophrenia and any of the investigated SNPs in the Scottish sample set. Thus the results obtained from the Scottish sample suggest that the GAD1 gene variants do not play a major role in the predisposition to schizophrenia.
Heterogeneous freezing of water droplets containing kaolinite and montmorillonite particles (2010)

Abstract. Clouds composed of both ice particles and supercooled liquid water droplets exist at temperatures above ~236 K. These mixed phase clouds, which strongly impact climate, are very sensitive to the presence of solid particles that can catalyse freezing. In this paper we describe experiments to determine the rate at which kaolinite and montmorillonite nucleate ice when immersed within water droplets. These are the first immersion mode experiments in which the ice nucleating ability of individual minerals has been determined quantitatively. Water droplets containing a known amount of clay mineral were supported on a hydrophobic surface and cooled at a rate of 10 K min−1. The temperatures at which individual 10–40 μm diameter droplets froze were determined by optical microscopy. As the concentration of kaolinite in the droplets was increased from 0.005 wt% to 1 wt% the median nucleation temperature increased from close to the homogeneous nucleation limit (236 K) to 240.8±0.6 K. We go onto show that the probability of freezing scales with surface area of the kaolinite inclusions rather than, as is often assumed, the volume of the droplet. When droplets contained montmorillonite ice always nucleated at 245.8±0.6 K, independent of the mineral concentration. We report temperature dependent nucleation rates and present parameterisations for nucleation by these minerals which capture the surface area and cooling rate dependence of the nucleation rate. We show that our parameterisations produce significantly different results to parameterisations employed in global models. These results also highlight the importance of understanding the ice nucleating properties of individual minerals rather than complex mixtures of minerals found in natural dusts and so-called test dusts.
Preparation of visible light active S-doped TiO2 photocatalysts and their photocatalytic activities (2004)

Although titanium dioxide photocatalysts having an anatase phase are a promising substrate for photodegradation of pollutants in water and air, their photocatalytic activities show only under UV light. To utilize solar light which has a large amount of visible light, the development of the photocatalysts whose activities show under visible light is one of the most important strategies. We have succeeded in synthesizing chemically modified titanium dioxide photocatalysts in which S (S4+) substitutes for some of the lattice titanium atoms. They show strong absorption for visible light and high activities for degradation of 2-propanol in aqueous solution and partial oxidation of adamantane in acetonitrile under irradiation at wavelengths longer than 440 nm. The oxidation state of the S atoms incorporated into the TiO2 particles is determined to be mainly S4+ from XPS spectra.
An Integrated Pipeline for Annotation and Visualization of Metagenomic Contigs (2019)

Here, we describe MetaErg, a standalone and fully automated metagenome and metaproteome annotation pipeline. Annotation of metagenomes is challenging. First, metagenomes contain sequence data of many organisms from all domains of life. Second, many of these are from understudied lineages, encoding genes with low similarity to experimentally validated reference genes. Third, assembly and binning are not perfect, sometimes resulting in artifactual hybrid contigs or genomes. To address these challenges, MetaErg provides graphical summaries of annotation outcomes, both for the complete metagenome and for individual metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs). It performs a comprehensive annotation of each gene, including taxonomic classification, enabling functional inferences despite low similarity to reference genes, as well as detection of potential assembly or binning artifacts. When provided with metaproteome information, it visualizes gene and pathway activity using sequencing coverage and proteomic spectral counts, respectively. For visualization, MetaErg provides an HTML interface, bringing all annotation results together, and producing sortable and searchable tables, collapsible trees, and other graphic representations enabling intuitive navigation of complex data. MetaErg, implemented in Perl, HTML, and JavaScript, is a fully open source application, distributed under Academic Free License at https://github.com/xiaoli-dong/metaerg. MetaErg is also available as a docker image at https://hub.docker.com/r/xiaolidong/docker-metaerg.
Dow Chemical:Promotes Sustainability Concept in China (2008)

Since its establishment in 1987,the sustainability concept has been accepted by over 100 countries including China.Today nearly all the world is thinking about the
Dopamine Uptake through the Norepinephrine Transporter in Brain Regions with Low Levels of the Dopamine Transporter: Evidence from Knock-Out Mouse Lines (2002)

Selective blockers of the norepinephrine transporter (NET) inhibit dopamine uptake in the prefrontal cortex. This suggests that dopamine in this region is normally cleared by the somewhat promiscuous NET. We have tested this hypothesis by comparing the effects of inhibitors selective for the three monoamine transporters with those of a nonspecific inhibitor, cocaine, on uptake of 3H-dopamine into synaptosomes from frontal cortex, caudate nucleus, and nucleus accumbens from wild-type, NET, and dopamine transporter (DAT) knock-out mice. Dopamine uptake was inhibited by cocaine and nisoxetine, but not by GBR12909, in frontal cortex synaptosomes from wild-type or DAT knock-out mice. At transporter-specific concentrations, nisoxetine and GBR12909 failed to block dopamine uptake into frontal cortex synaptosomes from NET knock-out mice. The efficacy of cocaine at the highest dose (1 mm) was normal in DAT knock-out mice but reduced by 70% in NET knock-out mice. Nisoxetine inhibited dopamine uptake by 20% in caudate and nucleus accumbens synaptosomes from wild-type and DAT knock-out mice but had no effect in those from NET knock-out mice. Cocaine failed to block dopamine uptake into caudate or nucleus accumbens synaptosomes from DAT knock-out mice. Cocaine and GBR12909 each inhibited dopamine uptake into caudate synaptosomes from NET knock-out mice, but cocaine effectiveness was reduced in the case of nucleus accumbens synaptosomes. Thus, whereas dopamine uptake in caudate and nucleus accumbens depends primarily on the DAT, dopamine uptake in frontal cortex depends primarily on the NET. These data underscore the fact that which transporter clears dopamine from a given region depends on both the affinities and the local densities of the transporters.
Predicting survival in malignant mesothelioma (2011)

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) of the pleura or peritoneum is a universally fatal disease attracting an increasing range of medical interventions and escalating healthcare costs. Changes in survival and the factors affecting survival of all patients ever diagnosed with MM in Western Australia over the past five decades and confirmed by the Western Australian Mesothelioma Registry to December 2005 were examined. Sex, age, date and method of diagnosis, site of disease and histological type were recorded. Date of onset of symptoms and performance status were obtained from clinical notes for a sample of cases. Cox regression was used to examine the association of the clinical variables and the 10-yr periods of disease onset with survival after diagnosis. Survival was inversely related to age, being worse for males (hazard ratio (HR) 1.4, 95% CI 1.2-1.6), and those with peritoneal mesothelioma (HR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.7). Patients with sarcomatoid histology had worse prognosis than patients with epithelioid and biphasic histological subtypes. Survival improved after the 1970s and has made incremental improvements since then. Median (interquartile range) survival by decade, from 1960 until 2005, was 64 (0-198), 177 (48-350), 221 (97-504), 238 (108-502) and 301 (134-611) days; ~4 weeks of this apparent improvement can be attributed to earlier diagnosis. With increasing resources and treatment costs for MM over the past 40 yrs, there have been modest improvements in survival but no complete remissions.
Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology (1997)

Adams and Victor's principles of neurology , Adams and Victor's principles of neurology , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز
Large-Swing Low-Distortion High Voltage Amplifier Design for MEMS Gyroscopes (2021)

This paper presents a high-performance high-voltage (HV) amplifier with an on-chip charge pump for MEMS gyroscopes. The HV amplifier is realized by an HV operational amplifier (op-amp) and a resistance negative feedback. The HV op-amp is a single-stage differential scheme with an HV NMOS input pair and an HV PMOS current mirror. Two integrated polysilicon resistors detect the output voltage and feed it back to the negative input of the op-amp. The on-chip charge pump is the Dickson type, works at skipping mode, and provides as high as 300 μA load current for the HV amplifier. Based on the HHGrace 0.35 μm Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS process, the proposed HV amplifier and the high-efficiency charge pump were designed. Post-simulation results show that the charge pump can output a stable voltage of 20V with a ripple of ±320 mV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p-p</sub> for the HV amplifier. The gain, bandwidth, harmonic distortion, and output swing of the HV amplifier are 6, 2.2 MHz, -40 dBc, and 12 V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p-p</sub> , respectively. The total power consumption is 7.4 mW under a 5 V supply.
Gliomagenesis is orchestrated by the Oct3/4 regulatory network (2021)

These results suggest that expression of Oct3/4,A- and CD133 suppress differentiation of GSCs.
Compression Strength Design Program of Boxes for Agricultural Products Packaging (1996)

The compression strength of the corrugated fiberboard boxes is very important information to the manufacturers and the end users. The computer program being used to design the compression strength of the boxes was developed by using Korean Standards for the corrugated fiberboard box and some other data. The developed computer program could be applied to only the boxes produced according to the Korean Standards. Also this program needs to be revised continuously by the newly added and developed data.
Canadian Fiction Meets History and Historiography: Jacques Poulin, Daphne Marlatt, and Wayson Choy (1999)

I N THE LATE TWENTIETH CENTURY, traditional methods of "doing history"- what the French historian Paul Veyne calls the "histoire-traites-batailles" school of thought-have been challenged by more contemporary theories regarding the writing of history.Scholars such as Hayden White, Louis O
A supervised neural constant bit rate video controller for MPEG2 encoders (2002)

A supervised training algorithm is used in a radial basis function neural network in order to improve the performance of a recently introduced nonlinear predictive rate controller for MPEG2 encoders. The algorithm, which is based on the stochastic gradient method, is used for updating the radial basis centers. By means of extensive computer simulation with standard video sequences, practical design parameters are presented for buffer control in constant bit rate MPEG2 video encoders.
Dynamic rate control algorithms for HDR throughput optimization (2002)

The relative delay tolerance of data applications, together with the bursty traffic characteristics, opens up the possibility for scheduling transmissions so as to optimize throughput. A particularly attractive approach, in fading environments, is to exploit the variations in the channel conditions, and transmit to the user with the currently 'best' channel. We show that the 'best' user may be identified as the maximum-rate user when the feasible rates are weighed with some appropriately determined coefficients. Interpreting the coefficients as shadow prices, or reward values, the optimal strategy may thus be viewed as a revenue-based policy. Calculating the optimal revenue vector directly is a formidable task, requiring detailed information on the channel statistics. Instead, we present adaptive algorithms for determining the optimal revenue vector on-line in an iterative fashion, without the need for explicit knowledge of the channel behavior. Starting from an arbitrary initial vector, the algorithms iteratively adjust the reward values to compensate for observed deviations from the target throughput ratios. The algorithms are validated through extensive numerical experiments. Besides verifying long-run convergence, we also examine the transient performance, in particular the rate of convergence to the optimal revenue vector. The results show that the target throughput ratios are tightly maintained, and that the algorithms are well able to track changes in the channel conditions or throughput targets.
FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON THE RELATIVE ABSORPTION RATES OF PELLETS OF VARIOUS CRYSTALLINE COMPOUNDS IMPLANTED SUBCUTANEOUSLY IN RATS (1942)

THIS PAPER CONSTITUTES a second report on the relative absorption rates of uniformly-made pellets of various crystalline compounds which were implanted subcutaneously in rats. Also included is a consideration of the factor of crystal size in the absorption of pellets made in the author's apparatus. Study of relative absorption rates. The apparatus and technique for preparation, implantation, and recovery of the pellets has already been fully described (i). Briefly, the apparatus consists of a steel plate in which perforations form molds for cylindrical pellets. Uniform compression was achieved by subjecting the crystals in each mold to 35 blows from a ‘pile driver,’the weigh on the latter always being dropped from the same height. No excipieht was used. Fifteen pellets of desoxycorticosterone acetate, 8 of estriol, 15 of androsterone, 6 of α-estradiol, 9 of α-estradiol dipropionate, 15 of estrone, 13 of cholesterol, and 6 of α-estradiol benzoate, carefully weighed, were implanted in 56 male and 31 female sexually mature but not senile rats.1-2
Vergleich der Vor- und Nachteile der beiden Meßsysteme (1978)

In einer Gegenüberstellung sollen die Vor- und Nachteile des im Rahmen dieses Forschungsvorhabens weiterentwickelten Laser-Geradheits-Meßsystems und des untersuchten Laser-Geradheits-Inter-ferometer zusammengefaßt werden.
Data-aware 3D partitioning for generic shape retrieval (2013)

In this paper, we present a new approach for generic 3D shape retrieval based on a mesh partitioning scheme. Our method combines a mesh global description and mesh partition descriptions to represent a 3D shape. The partitioning is useful because it helps us to extract additional information in a more local sense. Thus, part descriptions can mitigate the semantic gap imposed by global description methods. We propose to find spatial agglomerations of local features to generate mesh partitions. Hence, the definition of a distance function is stated as an optimization problem to find the best match between two shape representations. We show that mesh partitions are representative and therefore it helps to improve the effectiveness in retrieval tasks. We present exhaustive experimentation using the SHREC'09 Generic Shape Retrieval Benchmark.
Selective laser-induced hyperthermia for the treatment of spontaneous tumors in dogs (2002)

Indocyanine green (ICG), with spectral absorption at 800-810 nm, is a chromophore that strongly absorbs and converts near-infrared laser energy into thermal energy. By directly injecting ICG into a tumor, selective tumor hyperthermia during laser irradiation occurs. In this study, 4 dogs with spontaneous tumors were injected in situ with a 0.25% wt/vol ICG solution and immediately irradiated with 810 nm laser energy. Thermal data were collected from multiple thermocouples placed within the tumor and tumor response was recorded. Tissue heating to ≥ 42°C was observed in all tumors. One dog had a complete remission, one dog had stable disease for 12 weeks, and the other 2 dogs developed progressive disease shortly after treatment. Results from this study demonstrate that chromophore-enhanced laser-induced hyperthermia can effectively and selectively heat canine tumors. However, tumor size and pigmentation of overlying skin are potentially limiting factors to the success of this novel c ancer treatment.
Micronised iron oxide pigments (1973)

Because of rationalisation and demands for improved quality, the surface coatings industry makes ever‐increasing demands for micronised pigments. Micronised pigments permit quicker dispersion and increased output, coincident with decreased production costs. Such factors as the superior dispersibility of micronised pigments have frequently been mentioned, and it is not easy to quote new aspects of this. Therefore, this article will primarily cover other technical advantages of micronised iron oxide pigments‐advantages hitherto neglected in favour of the main advantage, better dispersibility.
Machine vision calibration for a nuclear steam generator robot (1994)

Inspection and repair of pressurized water reactor steam generators are among the most costly and schedule-critical activities of a refueling outage. These. tasks are highly automated with robots and special tools. This paper describes a method of improving the calibration of a steam generator robot by adding a machine vision computer to the existing tool-head monocular video. The steam generators are heat exchangers containing several thousand tubes ranging from 20 to 40 m in length. Each tube is 1 to 2 cm in diameter with a wall thickness of {approximately} 1 mm. The tubes are welded into a thick tube sheet that caps a hemispherical or quarter-sphere plenum. Practically all work must be performed robotically because the plenum is a high-radiation area. A robotic arm with precise positioning capability must enter the plenum through a 40-cm passageway. Most arms are anchored to either the passageway or the tube sheet. The arm must identify each of the thousands of tubes by row and column number based on the measured robotic joint angles and the calibrated arm-to-tube sheet spatial transform.