gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CTL responses to H2‐M3‐restricted Listeria epitopes (1997)

Cytotoxic T cells (CTL) play a critical role in the murine immune response to Listeria monocytogenes (Listeria). Bacterial antigens are presented to Listeria-specific CTL by products of both conventional, polymorphic MHC class Ia and non-polymorphic MHC class Ib alleles. The H2-M3 class Ib gene product, M3, preferentially presents formylmethionine-initiating (fMet) peptides derived from the N termini of bacterial and mitochondrial proteins. Thus, M3 signals the presence of bacterial invaders to CTL effectors. Listeria-encoded fMet peptide epitopes for H2-M3-restricted CTL have recently been identified. These and other identified fMet peptides are predominantly comprised of hydrophobic residues and appear to be cleaved from membrane-bound proteins. The subcellular location and membrane topology of such proteins may be significant factors in their selection as target antigens for H2-M3-restricted CTL. Such rules may prove useful for prediction of candidate fMet peptide epitopes from other bacterial proteins and species. Studies using synthetic fMet peptides to stimulate CTL ex vivo are also discussed. These latter studies indicate that Listeria infection boosts H2-M3-restricted CTL responses. However, in contrast to MHC class Ia-restricted CTL responses, fMet peptide-specific CTL are observed in a large proportion of cultures from non-immunized, conventionally housed (non-SPF) mice. The CTL activity in these latter cultures may reflect priming in vivo on cross-reactive antigens, or may indicate that requirements for priming of H2-M3-restricted CTL are less stringent than for class Ia-restricted responses.
Blind source-separation using second-order cyclostationary statistics (2001)

This paper studies the blind source separation (BSS) problem with the assumption that the source signals are cyclostationary. Identifiability and separability criteria based on second-order cyclostationary statistics (SOCS) alone are derived. The identifiability condition is used to define an appropriate contrast function. An iterative algorithm (ATH2) is derived to minimize this contrast function. This algorithm separates the sources even when they do not have distinct cycle frequencies.
Citrullination of Linear and Cyclic Altered Peptide Ligands from Myelin Basic Protein (MBP87−99) Epitope Elicits a Th1 Polarized Response by T Cells Isolated from Multiple Sclerosis Patients: Implications in Triggering Disease (2008)

Derangement of cellular immunity is central in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) and is often manifested by abnormal cytokine production. We investigated cytokine secretion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of 18 MS patients and 15 controls and correlated cytokine polarization with the nature of antigenic stimulus. We synthesized two novel citrullinated peptides, linear [Cit(91), Ala(96), Cit(97)]MBP(87-99) and cyclo(87-99)[Cit(91), Ala(96), Cit(97)]MBP(87-99) that resulted from citrullination of 91,97 Arg residues in antagonists, linear [Arg(91), Ala(96)]MBP(87-99) and cyclo(87-99)[Arg(91), Ala(96)]MBP(87-99) peptides. PBMC from MS patients and controls were cultured with citrullinated peptides, and both peptides caused a Th1 polarization in all MS patients studied. In contrast, culture with noncitrullinated MBP peptides resulted in heterogeneous cytokine secretion that differed between individual patients. Thus, citrullination of self-antigens may potentially trigger disease in susceptible individuals. This finding may open new avenues in drug design of new substances that inhibit citrullination and arrest epitope spreading and worsening of MS.
Analyzing Affective Factors on Students’ Vitality in High Schools (2017)

Architectural spaces together with other educational factors have the significant effects on the student’s learning outcomes. It is important to understand what are the key factors, how they are combined and what a way to influence one’s satisfaction. Factors related to environmental qualities and architecture in educational spaces dramatically has a direct effect on learning and teaching. There are many studies that have been proven the impact of these factors on students' learning. One of the main problems in the nowadays learning environments is low levels of students' vitality and happiness in high schools. The main aim in this study is cognition affective factors on students' vitality. This study will also identify the factors that increase the sense of vitality in educational facilities, delivering practical solutions to enhance the feeling of vitality and subsequently improve the quality of the educational environment through architectural design. In this regard, the factors affecting the vitality in high schools were evaluated in four general factors including:1) Structural factors,2) Environmental factors,3) Psychological factors and4) Social factors. For this purpose, effective factors were extracted by literature review, semi-structured interviews with experts and environmental surveys. This study is based on survey research (Delphi method) and the population of this study consists of professors and experts from the Faculty of Architecture of the National University in Tehran. AHP analysis and Expert Choice 11 software were used for data analysis. According to the findings among all the factors, there are two factors that have the greatest impact on the vitality of educational facilities: social factors and environmental factors.
Bacillus subtilis mutant deficient in the major autolytic amidase and glucosaminidase is impaired in motility (1993)

The purified autolytic endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase of Bacillus subtilis AC327 was cleaved with cyanogen bromide, and the N-terminal amino acid sequence of one of the peptide fragments was determined. Then, a DNA fragment containing a part of the glucosaminidase gene was cloned into Escherichia coli JM109 using synthetic oligonucleotides as probes whose sequences had been deduced from the N-terminal amino acid sequence. Zymographic analysis showed that the resultant glucosaminidase-deficient strain lacked a 35-kDa lytic band in addition to a 90-kDa lytic one corresponding to the glucosaminidase. A double mutant strain deficient in the major two autolysins (amidase and glucosaminidase) exhibited greatly impaired motility on a swarm plate whereas the single mutant strains were motile.
Olfaction and Gustation in Children With Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (2023)

Olfactory impairment in children with PCD is common but underrecognized by patients. This is not associated with abnormal gustation. Among other, this places children with PCD at an increased risk with respect to smelling a fire or detecting spoiled or poisonous food.
Mechanical Nanosensor Based on FRET within a Thermosome: Damage‐Reporting Polymeric Materials (2009)

Unter Spannung: Ändert sich in einem Protein-Polymer-Hybridmaterial die mechanische Spannung der Polymermatrix, so löst dies eine Konformationsänderung des Proteinkomplexes aus: Das Material „meldet“ eine strukturelle Schädigung (siehe Bild). Die Reporterkomponente ist ein Chaperonin, das ein Paar fluoreszierender Proteine kovalent bindet. Wird das Chaperonin deformiert, ändert sich der Abstand zwischen den Fluorophoren und folglich auch das FRET-Signal. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
<title>Chemical Vapor Deposition Of Samarium Chalcogenides: Progress On Fabricating Thin Film Phase Transition Materials</title> (1983)

Substances that undergo dramatic changes in optical properties when subjected to changes in temperature, pressure, or magnetic field are the subject of growing interest to both basic and applied scientists. Possible applications of such optical switching materials range from dense optical information storage to switchable filters to components of integrated optical circuitry. Some switching materials are found among rare-earth compounds; they are denoted as mixed-valence, mixed-configuration, or fluctuating-valence compounds. More than fifty mixed-valence compounds were known as of 1980, and many more, including a large number of alloys, have been discovered since (Varma, 1976; Kaldis, 1983).
Influence ofs,p-dands−pexchange couplings on exciton splitting in Zn1−xMnxO (2011)

This work presents results of near-band gap magnetooptical studies on Zn${}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$Mn${}_{x}$O epitaxial layers. We observe excitonic transitions in reflectivity and photoluminescence that shift toward higher energies when the Mn concentration increases and split nonlinearly under the magnetic field. Excitonic shifts are determined by the $s,p\ensuremath{-}d$ exchange coupling to magnetic ions, by the electron-hole $s\ensuremath{-}p$ exchange, and the spin-orbit interactions. A quantitative description of the magnetoreflectivity findings indicates that the free excitons $A$ and $B$ are associated with the ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{7}$ and ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{9}$ valence bands, respectively, the order reversed as compared to wurtzite GaN. Furthermore, our results show that the magnitude of the giant exciton splittings, specific to dilute magnetic semiconductors, is unusual: the magnetoreflectivity data are described by an effective exchange energy ${N}_{0}({\ensuremath{\beta}}^{(\mathrm{app})}\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{(\mathrm{app})})=+0.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.1$ eV, which points to small and positive ${N}_{0}{\ensuremath{\beta}}^{(\mathrm{app})}$. It is shown that both the increase of the gap with $x$ and the small positive value of the exchange energy ${N}_{0}{\ensuremath{\beta}}^{(\mathrm{app})}$ corroborate recent theory describing the exchange splitting of the valence band in a nonperturbative way, suitable for the case of a strong $p\ensuremath{-}d$ hybridization.
Discovery and Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacological Properties of the Potent and Selective MET Kinase Inhibitor 1-{6-[6-(4-Fluorophenyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-ylsulfanyl]benzothiazol-2-yl}-3-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)urea (SAR125844) (2016)

The HGF/MET pathway is frequently activated in a variety of cancer types. Several selective small molecule inhibitors of the MET kinase are currently in clinical evaluation, in particular for NSCLC, liver, and gastric cancer patients. We report herein the discovery of a series of triazolopyridazines that are selective inhibitors of wild-type (WT) MET kinase and several clinically relevant mutants. We provide insight into their mode of binding and report unprecedented crystal structures of the Y1230H variant. A multiparametric chemical optimization approach allowed the identification of compound 12 (SAR125844) as a development candidate. In this chemical series, absence of CYP3A4 inhibition was obtained at the expense of satisfactory oral absorption. Compound 12, a promising parenteral agent for the treatment of MET-dependent cancers, promoted sustained target engagement at tolerated doses in a human xenograft tumor model. Preclinical pharmacokinetics conducted in several species were predictive for the observed pharmacokinetic behavior of 12 in cancer patients.
Registration of 14 Improved Tropical Musa Plantain Hybrids with Black Sigatoka Resistance (1993)

Plantain (Musa spp., AAB group), a triploid (2n = 3x = 33) giant perennial herb, is a natural interspecific hybrid between the two wild species M. acuminata Colla and M. balbisiana Colla, which contributed the A and B genomes, respectively. Black sigatoka (Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet), an airborne fungal leaf spot disease, is the major constraint to plantain production worldwide. The dispersion of its spores by wind and water makes plant quarantine measures ineffective. The pathogen causes severe leaf necrosis in plantain, resulting in yield losses of 33% to 50% (Gauhl et al., 1993; Stover, 1983). All plantain cultivars, and some of the most popular banana cultivars of East Africa, are susceptible to black sigatoka (Swennen and Vuylsteke, 1991). Fungicides to control the disease are available, but their use is not feasible in the resource-poor smallholdings where the crop is grown in Africa. Moreover, fungicide applications pose a health hazard in village homesteads and create an environmental risk to the fragile ecosystem of Africa’s humid forest. Therefore, durable host-plant resistance is considered the most appropriate option for black sigatoka control. The International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) has a mandate to develop improved germplasm of plantain and banana and to distribute it for subsequent testing and
Modelling and optimization of submicron Hall sensors for the detection of superparamagnetic beads (2012)

This paper deals with the numerical modeling of the electric potential distribution inside semiconductor Hall effect devices, under the presence of non-uniform magnetic fields. The model is applied to study miniaturized sensors for the detection of superparamagnetic nanobeads. The magnetic moment resolution is evaluated for different Hall probe geometries, by varying the bead size and its distance from the sensor surface.
A Multielectrode Microcompartment Platform for Signal Transduction in the Nervous System (2006)

This dissertation presents the development of a multielectrode microcompartment platform for understanding signal transduction in the nervous system. The design and fabrication of the system and the characterization of the system for pharmacological and electrophysiological measurements of cultured neurons is presented in this work. The electrophysiological activity of cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and cortical neurons is shown on the MEA substrate. These recordings were measured and tied to the toxicological effects of the chemotherapeutic drug vincristine on DRGs. \n\tConventional electrophysiological recordings (via a patch micropipette) are made routinely to record action potentials and ion channel activity in neurons. Moreover, Campenot chambers (traditional compartmented culture systems) have been used for the last thirty years to study the selective application of drugs to neurons. Both of these techniques are useful and well established; however they have their limitations. For instance, Campenot chambers cannot be used very well for small processs-producing neurons, since the barriers are difficult to tranverse. Moreover, conventional patch recordings are labor-intensive, especially when more than one microelectrode needs to be positioned. \n\tThe developed system is composed of a two compartment divider, each compartment capable of housing axons or cell bodies. Underneath the divider, the substrate has 60 electrodes, arranged in several lines to accommodate several different neurite tracks. Neurons can be stimulated and their activity can be recorded in both of the compartments. The neurotoxin and chemotherapeutic drug vincristine was tested in the system on the DRGs. The drug caused length-dependent axonal degeneration in the DRGs when applied locally. Moreover, electrophysiological activity in both compartments showed that only the activity in the axonal compartment was affected, leading us to believe that the mechanism behind the degeneration is localized to the distal axon.
Querying for Interactions (2021)

Advances in Deep Learning and Computer Vision enabled sophisticated information extraction out of images and video frames. Recent research aims to make objects, their types and relative locations as the video evolves, first class citizens for query processing purposes.In this paper, we initiate research to explore declarative style of querying for real time video streams involving objects and their interactions. We seek to efficiently identify frames in a streaming video in which an object is interacting with another in a specific way, such as for example a human kicking a ball. We first propose an algorithm called progressive filters (PF) that deploys a sequence of inexpensive and less accurate models (filters) to detect the presence of the query specified objects on frames. We demonstrate that PF derives a least cost sequence of filters given the current selectivities of query objects. Since selectivities may vary as the video evolves, we present a dynamic statistical test to determine when to trigger re-optimization of the filters. Finally, we present a filtering approach called Interaction Sheave (IS) that utilizes learned spatial information about objects and interactions to effectively prune frames that are unlikely to involve the query specified action between them, thus improving the frame processing rate further.We present the results of a thorough experimental evaluation involving real data sets, demonstrating the performance benefits of each of our proposals. In particular we experimentally demonstrate that our techniques can improve query performance substantially (up to an order of magnitude in our experiments) while maintaining essentially the same F1-score as alternatives.
Preparation and optical properties of amorphous silica doped with porphins, TCPP (1997)

Tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine (TCPP), which is well known as a photochemical hole burning (PHB) dye, was incorporated in amorphous silica materials (a-SiO2) by a sol-gel process with using tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) and aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). With using APTES as precursor of silica gel, TCPP was cross-linked to a-SiO2 matrix through aminopropyl group of APTES. The cross-linkage of TCPP and APTES was confirmed by the FT-IR measurement. The TCPP incorporated in a-SiO2 matrices showed activity in PHB. In the TCPP cross-linked a-SiO2, properties of photochemical hole, such as hole width, quantum efficiency and irreversible broadening under cycle annealing experiment, were improved. A burnt hole at 3.6 K was observed after cycle annealing experiment up to 80 K in the TCPP cross-linked a- SiO2.
Separation of partial discharges from pulse-shaped noise signals with the help of neural networks (1995)

The paper introduces a method to separate partial discharges (PDs) from pulse-shaped noise signals using a neural network. After a short introduction to the problems of PD measurements on-site, the structure of neural networks and their ability for pattern recognition is presented. The adaptive resonance theory (ART) architectures, which are suitable for PD measurement, and especially the fast simulating algorithm ART 2-A, are explained. To ensure the suitability of the chosen network for PD measurement, the electrical noises and PD signals measured on a distribution transformer as well as on a high voltage transformer are classified. Furthermore, it is shown that the same algorithm with changed parameters can make a contribution to PD localisation in a transformer. This takes place with the help of calibration pulses, which are injected in different points of a transformer coil. It is shown that the ART 2-A network is able to classify these pulses in accordance with their origin for the distribution transformer. The paper ends with an examination of the signals measured on a power transformer under high voltage on-site.
Role of the Kinase MST2 in Suppression of Apoptosis by the Proto-Oncogene Product Raf-1 (2004)

The ablation of the protein kinase Raf-1 renders cells hypersensitive to apoptosis despite normal regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases, which suggests that apoptosis protection is mediated by a distinct pathway. We used proteomic analysis of Raf-1 signaling complexes to show that Raf-1 counteracts apoptosis by suppressing the activation of mammalian sterile 20-like kinase (MST2). Raf-1 prevents dimerization and phosphorylation of the activation loop of MST2 independently of its protein kinase activity. Depletion of MST2 from Raf-1-/- mouse or human cells abrogated sensitivity to apoptosis, whereas overexpression of MST2 induced apoptosis. Conversely, depletion of Raf-1 from Raf-1+/+ mouse or human cells led to MST2 activation and apoptosis. The concomitant depletion of both Raf-1 and MST2 prevented apoptosis.
A new Air pulsated Jig with Air Chambers under the Bed Screen (1955)

Recently, in Japan, some Baum jigs are studied by measuring the air pressure in the air chamber and taking the wave diagrams of the jig motion. The means to accomplish these objects are succeedingly improved by several engineers of different companies. Theobiect of these studies is, with no doubt, to improve the present type of the Baum Jig and to make its operation reasonable.With a Baum jig of a large capacity it is very difficult to get an uniform jig motion over all across the washing section of the machine It is proved experimentally that the air chambers with vertical walls can be placed under the bed screen to get the uniform jig wave on the washing sectoin and to reduce the size of the machine, both of the width and the depth.The jig with this principle is called “TACuB” jig (T's air Chamber under Bed)(Jap. Patent No.192069). A “TACuB” jig with one cell, 5 t. p. h., is tested under actual working conditions with satisfactory results.
The immunoglobulin-like modules Cε3 and α2 are the minimal units necessary for human IgE-FcεRI interaction (1999)

Atopic allergy is a genetically determined immunodisorder that affects almost 20% of the population worldwide. Immediate symptoms of type I allergy are caused by the release of biologic mediators from effector cells induced by IgE-allergen complexes that cross-link the high-affinity receptor for IgE (FcepsilonRI). Chronic disease manifestations result from allergen-specific T-cell activation, a process that is enhanced when allergens are presented via FcepsilonRI-bound IgE. We report the baculovirus expression, as soluble recombinant proteins, of the minimal units required for human IgE and FcepsilonRI interaction: Cepsilon3 represents the third constant domain of the IgE heavy chain, and alpha2 is the membrane-proximal Ig-like module from FcepsilonRIalpha. Native overlay experiments showed binding of human FcepsilonRIalpha to recombinant Cepsilon3 and of natural or recombinant human IgE to recombinant alpha2. Moreover, recombinant Cepsilon3 inhibited binding of natural IgE antibodies to alpha2, and preincubation of human IgE with alpha2 inhibited anti-IgE-triggered histamine release from human basophils. Isolated Cepsilon3 and alpha2 can now be used for the molecular and structural analysis of the IgE-FcepsilonRI interaction, as well as for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Body sensor network-based spasticity detection (2014)

Spasticity is a common disorder of the skeletal muscle with a high incidence in industrialised countries, occurring for example after multiple sclerosis or stroke and is associated with brain or spinal cord damage. A quantitative measure of spasticity using body-worn sensors is desirable in orde
Automated detection of breast tumors in ultrasonic images using fuzzy reasoning (2002)

This paper proposes a novel method for the automated detection of breast tumors in three dimensional ultrasonic images using fuzzy reasoning. The algorithm consists of two stages of processing. In the first stage a three dimensional LoG (Laplace of Gaussian) filtering is employed to generate a membership function for the fuzzy inference. In the second stage, each voxel in the three dimensional image is classified as "tumor", "normal tissue" or "boundary" by fuzzy reasoning followed by the defuzzification using relaxation techniques. We apply the method to 10 cases of malignant and 10 cases of benign tumors. Both of the two types of extracted tumors agree well with the manually traced boundaries. Further we define a parameter for evaluation of the uneven complexity of the surface roughness for diagnosis of malignant and benign tumors. The results show a successful characterization.
Coherence-Driven Constraints on the Placement of Accent (2015)

No abstract.