gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Elucidation of the Molecular Mechanism of the Extrusion Process (2021)

Extrusion is a popular method for producing homogenous population of unilamellar liposomes. The technique relies on forcing a lipid suspension through cylindrical pores in a polycarbonate membrane. The quantification of the extrusion and/or recalibration processes make possible the acquisition of experimental data, which can be correlated with the mechanical properties of the lipid bilayer. In this work, the force needed for the extrusion process was correlated with the mechanical properties of a lipid bilayer derived from other experiments. Measurements were performed using a home-made dedicated device capable of maintaining a stable volumetric flux of a liposome suspension through well-defined pores and to continuously measure the extrusion force. Based on the obtained results, the correlation between the lipid bilayer bending rigidity and extrusion force was derived. Specifically, it was found that the bending rigidity of liposomes formed from well-defined lipid mixtures agrees with data obtained by others using flicker-noise spectroscopy or micromanipulation. The other issue addressed in the presented studies was the identification of molecular mechanisms leading to the formation of unilamellar vesicles in the extrusion process. Finally, it was demonstrated that during the extrusion, lipids are not exchanged between vesicles, i.e., vesicles can divide but no membrane fusion or lipid exchange between bilayers was detected.
Cyclotron Centre Region Study and Beam Diagnostic at Orleans Cyclotron (1975)

Orléans’ cyclotron is an intermediate energy machine designed to produce a particle up to 50 MeV. The compactness of the machine, its large energy range and the high beam make necessary a good design of the center region. In order to evaluate with accuracy the vertical component of RF field far from the medium plan, a three-dimensions computer program have been etablished to solve the Laplace’s equation. Configuration of the center region has been found by optimizing the radial and the vertical motions for three harmonics (2, 3 and 4). Theoretical and experimental results are reported.
Reengineering the Feature Distillation Process: A case study in detection of Gaming the System. (2014)

As education technology matures, researches debate whether data mining (EDM) or knowledge engineering (KE) paradigms are best for modeling complex learning constructs. A hybrid paradigm may capture strengths from both approaches. In particular, recent work has argued that successful data mining depends on thought-ful feature engineering. In this paper, we explore the use of cogni-tive modeling (a form of knowledge engineering) to enhance the feature engineering process for detectors of gaming the system, one of the most studied complex constructs in EDM. Using this construct enables us to measure the extent to which our techniques improve performance over previous models.
Climate change, vulnerable communities and adaptation : report on Tanzania testing (2006)

The influence of fifteen vertebrate hormones on the B. glabrata reproduction and on S. mansoni infection have been studied. Hecogenine and pregnadienolone significantly increased the snail's number of eggs; testosterone, diethylstilbestrol and estradiol valerianate decreased their number of eggs and the mesterolone and progesterone produced a slight decrease in the number of eggs. Crude hecogenine, pregnenolone, prednisone, estradiol, cholic acid, diosgenin, estrone and pregnadione have not shown any significant alteration on the snail reproduction. None of these hormones presented any influence upon the S. mansoni cycle in B. glabrata. Molluscicidal, oocidal and cercarcidal activities have been observed with diethylstilbestrol in concentrations below 10 ppm.
Automated message prioritization (2002)

Navigating through new voicemall messages to find messages of interest is a time-consuming task, particularly for high-volume users. When checking messages under a time contraint (e.g., during a brief meeting break), users need to identify those messages requiring urgent action since not all messages can be processed in limited time. For these users, it would be useful if messages of greater urgency can be played first. For other users, distinguishing personal from business voicemail is a pressing need, to separate their home and business lives. We have successfully applied machine-learning techniques to lexical, acoustic, and contextual features of voicemail in order to sort messages based on urgency and on business-relevance.
Stability of self‐tuning control based on Lyapunov function (2008)

Abstract The overall stability of a self‐tuning controller for discrete‐time systems is proved by using the Lyapunov function in this paper, for minimum and a class of non‐minimum phase systems. The self‐tuning controller utilizes a recursive estimate algorithm for the controller parameters based on the generalized minimum variance criterion. Previously, the stability had been proved in the case of minimum phase systems. A new type of self‐tuning controller for the discrete‐time system with delay in control input is also studied which is named the generalized minimum variance criterion‐β equivalent control, and its stability is proved. The simulation is done to evaluate the performance of the proposed self‐tuning controller. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
The Weddell Gyre: Warm Deep Water circulation and fluxes of heat derived from Argo floats (2019)

The Weddell Gyre is a fundamental component of the global climate system, in that it supplies heat to underneath the Antarctic ice shelves, and regulates the density of water masses that feed the deepest limb of the global over-turning circulation. Here we utilise Argo float profile and trajectory data spanning the entire Weddell Gyre from 2002 to 2016, in order to determine the large-scale mean horizontal circulation and heat distribution within the upper Weddell Gyre. An elongated, double-cell, cyclonic circulation is revealed, where the eastern cell is stronger than the western cell. The transport of heat within the Warm Deep Water layer, which is the primary heat source to the Weddell Gyre, is demonstrated by diagnosing the heat budget for a 1000 m thick layer encompassing the core of Warm Deep Water. While the heat budget does not close at the resolution of the grid cells, it does close when integrated over large areas, within the range of uncertainty provided by a range of values for horizontal and vertical diffusivity. In the southern limb of the gyre, heat transport convergence due to mean horizontal advection balances with divergence due to horizontal turbulent diffusion (representative of eddy processes). In contrast, within the interior circulation cell of the Weddell Gyre, heat transport divergence due to mean horizontal advection balances with convergence due to horizontal turbulent diffusion. We show that heat is advected into the Weddell Gyre along the southern limb, some of which is diffused northwards into the interior circulation cell, while some is diffused southwards towards the shelf seas. This implies that horizontal turbulent diffusion plays a role in transporting heat towards the ice shelves. Horizontal turbulent diffusion is also a mechanism by which heat can enter the Weddell Gyre across the open northern boundary. This work highlights the importance of understanding the role of eddy processes in redistributing heat throughout the Weddell Gyre, in particular within the vicinity of the ice shelves, where basal ice melt can contribute to rising sea levels.
A morphological and biochemical study of the pathogenesis of ovine hepatic fatty cirrhosis. (1969)

Ovine hepatic fatty cirrhosis (HFC) was found to be a noninfectious chronic progressive disease of the liver, characterized macroscopically by various amounts of fatty degeneration, cirrhosis and compensatory hypertrophy. The disease occurred in five West Texas counties and was clinically characterized by a long subclinical course, gradual weight loss, ascites, emaciation, debilitation and hepatic coma. Microscopically, the affected hepatocytes underwent a sequence of pathological changes described as follows: cytoplasmic distension with small lipid droplets, coalescence of the small lipid droplets to form large lipid spherules, rupture of cytoplasmic septa between contiguous hepatocytes by intracellular pressures apparently due to enlarging lipid spherules, formation of fatty cysts around large lipid spherules, dissolution of fatty cysts, condensation of hepatic reticulin and proliferation of fibrous connective tissue. Ceroid was found in the liver, lung, spleen and the hepatic and posterior mediastinal lymph nodes. The fundamental lesion of HFC was an abnormal accumulation of intrahepatocytic lipid with fibrosis apparently occurring only when the amount of accumulated lipid was enough to rupture hepatocytes and form fatty cysts. The relationship between the pathological lesions of HFC and nutritional cirrhosis was revolved. ...
Mast Cells Regulate Wound Healing in Diabetes (2016)

Diabetic foot ulceration is a severe complication of diabetes that lacks effective treatment. Mast cells (MCs) contribute to wound healing, but their role in diabetes skin complications is poorly understood. Here we show that the number of degranulated MCs is increased in unwounded forearm and foot skin of patients with diabetes and in unwounded dorsal skin of diabetic mice (P < 0.05). Conversely, postwounding MC degranulation increases in nondiabetic mice, but not in diabetic mice. Pretreatment with the MC degranulation inhibitor disodium cromoglycate rescues diabetes-associated wound-healing impairment in mice and shifts macrophages to the regenerative M2 phenotype (P < 0.05). Nevertheless, nondiabetic and diabetic mice deficient in MCs have delayed wound healing compared with their wild-type (WT) controls, implying that some MC mediator is needed for proper healing. MCs are a major source of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in mouse skin, but the level of VEGF is reduced in diabetic mouse skin, and its release from human MCs is reduced in hyperglycemic conditions. Topical treatment with the MC trigger substance P does not affect wound healing in MC-deficient mice, but improves it in WT mice. In conclusion, the presence of nondegranulated MCs in unwounded skin is required for proper wound healing, and therapies inhibiting MC degranulation could improve wound healing in diabetes.
Fiber distributed data interface-an overview (2003)

The fiber distributed data interface (FDDI) is a 100-Mb/s local area network (LAN) that uses optical fiber as the medium. The FDDI protocol is based on a token ring access method. FDDI is being developed as an American National Standard (ANS) in Accredited Standards Committee (ASC) X3T9. FDDI is also being developed as an International Standard (IS) in ISO/IEC JTC1/SC 25. This paper is intended to provide an introduction to FDDI and the development of the FDDI standards.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Human Placenta-derived Cells (PDA-001) for the Treatment of Moderate-to-severe Crohnʼs Disease (2015)

A 2-infusion regimen of PDA-001 induced clinical response in subjects with moderate-to-severe CD. Additional studies are warranted.
Deriving an efficient FPGA implementation of a low density parity check forward error corrector (2011)

Creating correct hardware is hard. Though there is much talk of using formal and semi-formal methods to develop designs and implementations, in practice most implementations are written without the support of any formal or semi-formal methodology. Having such a methodology brings many benefits, including improved likelihood of a correct implementation, lowering the cost of design exploration and lowering the cost of certification. In this paper, we introduce a semi formal methodology for connecting executable specifications written in the functional language Haskell to efficient VHDL implementations. The connection is performed by manual edits, using semi-formal equational reasoning facilitated by the worker/wrapper transformation, and directed using commutable functors. We explain our methodology on a full-scale example, an efficient Low-Density Parity Check forward error correcting code, which has been implemented on a Virtex-5 FPGA.
High power pulsed fiber MOPA system incorporating electro-optic modulator based adaptive pulse shaping (2009)

We demonstrate active pulse shaping using an Electro-Optic Modulator in order to compensate the pulse shaping effects caused by Gain Saturation in a high power Yb doped fiber amplifier chain and to generate various custom-defined output pulse shapes. Square, step and smooth pulse shapes are achieved, with mJ pulse energies. Use of a modulator to shape pulses rather than direct modulation of the diode drive current allows us to eliminate undesired transients due to laser start up dynamics. The required shaping is calculated based on a simple measurement of amplifier performance, and does not require detailed modeling of the amplifier dynamics.
Intelligibility of Peak-Clipped Speech at High Noise Levels (1959)

The effect of symmetrical speech peak clipping upon speech intelligibility in noise was examined. Over a wide range of conditions, intelligibility is independent of the level of peak clipping if the postclipping speech power is held constant. Peak clipping thus achieves protection of the ear against painfully loud speech without demanding penalty of intelligibility. Indeed, under restricted ranges of conditions, peak clipping may actually improve intelligibility with a constant speech power.
Ig VH gene mutational patterns indicate different tumor cell status in human myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (1996)

Plasma cell tumors display a wide spectrum of clinical progression, ranging from aggressive multiple myeloma to a benign form known as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), which requires no treatment. Because both diseases involve mature Ig-secreting plasma cells, the reason for this variation in malignant behavior is unclear. However, assessment of malignant potential is desirable for choice of treatment protocols. Ig variable (VH) gene sequences analysis has previously shown the tumor cell of multiple myeloma to be postfollicular, with mutated homogeneous clonal sequences indicating no continuing exposure to the somatic hypermutation mechanism, and this was confirmed in 7 of 7 patients. Comparison of the VH gene sequences in the monoclonal cells in MGUS yielded a different result, with 3 of 7 patients demonstrating mutated heterogeneous sequences consistent with the tumor cells remaining under the influence of the mutator. In 1 of 3 of these patients, an IgM-positive precursor cell was identified that expressed heterogeneous VH sequences similar to those of the isotype-switched plasma cell. These results indicate that the clonal cells in MGUS differ from those in myeloma and suggest that the difference may reflect malignant potential.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of Neuropeptides, Cortisol, and Amino Acids in Patients with Epilepsy (1993)

We measured lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of somatostatin, cholecystokinin, neurotensin, atrial natriuretic factor, vasoactive inhibitory peptide, neuropeptide Y, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, corticotropin releasing hormone, beta-endorphin, metenkephalin, cortisol, alanine, glycine, aspartate, glutamate, taurine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid in 25 inpatients with epilepsy at known interictal and postictal times and in 11 neurologically normal volunteers. There were no significant differences between interictal or postictal complex partial seizures (CPS), postictal generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTC), and control CSF neuropeptide, cortisol, and amino acid (AA) levels. However, there were nonsignificant trends for CSF levels of several neuropeptides to be increased after CPS and GTC as compared with interictal baseline levels. There were significant correlations between levels of certain CSF neuropeptides or (AAs) and serum antiepileptic drug (AED) levels. Several correlations were noted between CSF levels of AAs, including a correlation between the excitatory neurotransmitters aspartate and glutamate identified only after CPS.
Pulmonary hypertension in smoking mice over-expressing protease-activated receptor-2 (2010)

The mechanism(s) involved in the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in COPD is still the object of investigation. Cigarette smoke (CS) may lead to remodelling of intrapulmonary vessels and dynamic changes in vascular function, at least in some smokers. A role for proteases in PH has been recently put forward. We investigated, in smoking mice, the role of protease-activated receptor (PAR)-2 in the pathogenesis of PH associated with emphysema. We demonstrated that CS exposure can modulate PAR-2 expression in mouse lung. Acute CS exposure induces in wildtype (WT) and in transgenic mice over-expressing PAR-2 (FVB(PAR-2-TgN)) a similar degree of neutrophil influx in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. After chronic CS exposure WT and FVB(PAR-2-TgN) mice show emphysema, but only transgenic mice develop muscularisation of small intrapulmonary vessels that precedes the development of PH (~45% increase) and right ventricular hypertrophy. Smoking in FVB(PAR-2-TgN) mice results in an imbalance between vasoconstrictors (especially endothelin-1) and vasodilators (i.e. vascular endothelial growth factor, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and inducible nitric oxide synthase) and enhanced production of growth factors involved both in fibroblast-smooth muscle cell transaction (i.e. platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factor β) and vascular cell proliferation (PDGF). PAR-2 signalling can influence the production and release of many factors, which may play a role in the development of PH in smokers.
Whole‐exome sequencing for variant discovery in blepharospasm (2018)

Our WES datasets provide a platform for future studies of BSP genetics which will demand careful consideration of incomplete penetrance, pleiotropy, population stratification, and oligogenic inheritance patterns.
Los gitanos en Canadá (2003)

Los Vlach son el grupo de gitanos mas numeroso en Canada y son descendientes de los esclavos gitanos de Rumania emancipados en 1865. Todavia hablan un dialecto de la lengua gitana, estan integrados en la sociedad mayoritaria y mantienen su cultura tradicional. Eran un pueblo itinerante, pero con la Segunda Guerra Mundial se asentaron en pueblos y ciudades. Los gitanos de Canada mantienen una cultura mas tradicional y antigua que los europeos, conservan la estructura familiar de sus antepasados y siguen la religion tradicional gitana, basada en el hinduismo y llamada Romaniya . Los romanitchels (unos 20.000) son descendientes de inmigrantes del Reino Unido y hablan un vocabulario formado por palabras en romano e ingles que no entienden los Vlach de Canada o de otras partes. Suelen ser trabajadores autonomos y los jovenes se estan graduando en la universidad. Hay tambien nuevas comunidades de inmigrantes como los Romungere , gitanos hungaros y otros que llegaron despues de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Por ultimo estan los refugiados checos que, sin duda, se integraran en la sociedad como lo hicieron sus predecesores.
Designer Glycopeptides for Cytotoxic T Cell–based Elimination of Carcinomas (2004)

Tumors express embryonic carbohydrate antigens called tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACA). TACA-containing glycopeptides are appealing cytotoxic T cell (CTL)-based vaccines to prevent or treat cancer because the same sugar moieties are expressed in a variety of tumors, rendering a vaccination strategy applicable in a large population. Here we demonstrate that by using glycopeptides with high affinity for the major histocompatibility complex and glycosylated in a position corresponding to a critical T cell receptor (TcR) contact, it is possible to induce anti-TACA CTL in vivo. In the current study we show that designer glycopeptides containing the Thomsen-Freidenreich (TF) antigen (beta-Gal-[1-->3]-alpha-GalNAc-O-serine) are immunogenic in vivo and generate TF-specific CTL capable of recognizing a variety of tumor cells in vitro including a MUC1-expressing tumor. The fine specificity of the TF-specific CTL repertoire indicates that the TcR recognize the glycosylated amino acid residue together with TF in a conventional major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted fashion. These results have high potential for immunotherapy against a broad range of tumors.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury leads to distinct temporal cardiac remodeling in normal versus diabetic mice (2012)

Diabetes is associated with higher incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) and increased propensity for subsequent events post-MI. Here we conducted a temporal analysis of the influence of diabetes on cardiac dysfunction and remodeling after ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury in mice. Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin and IR performed by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min followed by reperfusion for up to 42 days. We first evaluated changes in cardiac function using echocardiography after 24 hours reperfusion and observed IR injury significantly decreased the systolic function, such as ejection fraction, fractional shortening and end systolic left ventricular volume (LVESV) in both control and diabetic mice. The longitudinal systolic and diastolic strain rate were altered after IR, but there were no significant differences between diabetic mice and controls. However, a reduced ability to metabolize glucose was observed in the diabetic animals as determined by PET-CT scanning using 2-deoxy-2-(18F)fluoro-D-glucose. Interestingly, after 24 hours reperfusion diabetic mice showed a reduced infarct size and less apoptosis indicated by TUNEL analysis in heart sections. This may be explained by increased levels of autophagy detected in diabetic mice hearts. Similar increases in IR-induced macrophage infiltration detected by CD68 staining indicated no change in inflammation between control and diabetic mice. Over time, control mice subjected to IR developed mild left ventricular dilation whereas diabetic mice exhibited a decrease in both end diastolic left ventricular volume and LVESV with a decreased intraventricular space and thicker left ventricular wall, indicating concentric hypertrophy. This was associated with marked increases in fibrosis, indicted by Masson trichrome staining, of heart sections in diabetic IR group. In summary, we demonstrate that diabetes principally influences distinct IR-induced chronic changes in cardiac function and remodeling, while a smaller infarct size and elevated levels of autophagy with similar cardiac function are observed in acute phase.
The Anti-inflammatory Effect of Dexmedetomidine Administration on Patients Undergoing Intestinal Surgery: A Randomized Study (2021)

Dexmedetomidine administration in patients undergoing intestinal surgery inhibited the surgery-induced inflammatory reactions.