gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Taxol in ovarian cancer (1993)

Taxol is a structurally complex natural plant product with a novel mechanism of action. The supply of this drug is limited by its low abundance in the bark of the slow-growing yew tree from which it is extracted. The chemical complexity of taxol has hampered the development of a feasible process to synthesize large quantities. Analogues are being made from a precursor found in the needles of the yew tree. However, there is a need to develop a more efficient method to provide adequate supplies of this drug. This review article summarizes the preclinical and clinical studies of taxol in ovarian cancer. Phase I studies have identified the drug's toxicities. Neutropenia has been the dose-limiting toxicity in most trials, and premedications and longer infusion schedules have been used to reduce the incidence and severity of hypersensitivity reactions. The intraperitoneal administration of taxol in Phase I studies showed a pharmacologic advantage with acceptable toxicity. Its activity in ovarian cancer was noticed first in Phase I trials at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Johns Hopkins University. These observations led to Phase II testing, which documented response rates of 20-35% in patients with relapsed or refractory ovarian cancer. Phase III trials of taxol and cisplatin versus cyclophosphamide and cisplatin in untreated patients with ovarian cancer are in progress. Studies combining taxol with colony-stimulating factors and cisplatin are ongoing. Taxol is an important new drug in ovarian cancer. Its unique mechanism of action and toxicities make it an attractive agent to use in combination with currently active drugs. Future studies will determine the role of taxol in the management of this disease, but the widespread availability of this drug will depend on the development of a feasible synthetic process.
Development and application of modern devices in vascular surgery including comment on modern antithrombotic and lytic drug therapy (1990)

Since modern vascular surgery started with the discovery of heparin and the development of modern vascular grafts including autogenous saphenous vein, the speciality has been technologically driven. At the outset, vascular surgery depended almost entirely on the development of specialized clamps, instruments, and tools to permit decisive attack on the problems of occlusion. No less important was the development of insight into the basis of atherosclerosis, the discovery that atherogenesis with thrombosis is electrochemically identical to corrosion in pipes and therefore subject to chemical forces, which have not yet been delineated, as well as mechanical forces which have been delineated and permit one to attack the atheroma directly. Thus, classic replumbing techniques including bypass and endarterectomy have long been a part of the fundamental firmament of vascular surgery. Most recently, modern techniques in cleaning out blood vessels, removing occlusive processes, and modern thrombus-dissolving enzymes have all come to the forefront. Frequently multiple techniques are used simultaneously. This article is an attempt to summarize various aspects of this activity and describe several of the patents which have been seminal in the ultimate application of the techniques in both experimental animals and man. This should be the first of a series of efforts to summarize this area. The process of change has never been more kinetic than now.
In Vivo Bone Tissue Induction by Freeze-dried Collagen nanohydroxyapatite Matrix Loaded with BMP2/NS1 mRNAs (2021)

International audience
SpC: synthesis of pointers in C (1998)

k designers may model tied software-hardware systems using a subset of C or C++, we prtient SpC, a solution to synth=ize and optimize a C model with pointers. In hardware, a pointer is not ody the address of data in memory, but it may *O reference mtitiple variablw mapped to registers, ports or wire. Pointer anrdysis is used to fid the point-to-set of each pointer in the program. b thii paper, we address the problem of synthesizing and optimizing pointers to multiple variablm and array elements. Temporary variablti are defined to optimize loads and stores by minimizing the number of live variabl=. The combinational logic can *O be reduced by encoding the pointers vdu=. A implementation using the SUE framework is presented, followed by some case studies such as the synthwis of a 2D ~CT.
Database design of an intensive care unit patient data management system (2002)

A patient data management system (PDMS) developed for use in the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Montreal Children's Hospital is described. The PDMS acquires real-time patient data from a network of physiological bedside monitors, and facilitates the review and interpretation of this data by presenting it as graphical trends, charts, and plots on a color video display. The data management structure integrates varied data types and provides database support for different applications, while preserving the real-time acquisition of network data. This structure is based primarily on OS/2 Extended Edition relational database. The relational database design is expected to solve the query shortcomings of the previous data management structure, as well as offer support for security and concurrency.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Trends in Biogas Technologies (2019)

The presentation is meant to give a short overview on the state of the development of biogas technologies with special emphasis on the situation in Germany. Although the share of biogas based electrical energy among other types of renewable energies has become smaller, it still plays an important role for the compensation of fluctuating alternative energies and for the recycling of important substances like fertilisers as well. The growth of biogas capacities is limited due to the limited abundance of substrates. But newer technologies allow the biochemical production of biogas from carbon dioxide and hydrogen without any organic matter. Most probably, such processes will have the potential to change the common practise of biogas upgrading at least.
<title>Optical microactuation in piezoceramics</title> (1998)

Optically/electrically operable flexible film microactuators that can offer up to two orders high efficiency of photonic to mechanical conversion compared to ceramic actuators are conceptualized. A polarized ceramic wafer of non- centrosymmetric perovskite ferroelectric ABO<SUB>3</SUB> compounds, such as lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT), when exposed to an illumination (approximately 350 to 400 nm wavelength) close to the bandgap energy, can generate a large photovoltage (approximately 1.0 kV/mm) across its length, and by the inverse piezoelectric effect cause the piezoceramic wafer to deflect in the direction away from the illumination. The optical actuation effect in piezoceramic wafers is investigated as a function of thickness, composition, and surface roughness. Such flexible microactuators would enable a new generation of micro- electro-mechanical and micro-opto-mechanical systems where the actuation will not be restricted by the clamping effect due to the rigid substrate as in the current silicon based micromachined structures. To deposit the piezoceramic film directly onto a flexible substrate, the substrate must have high temperature stability, high strength (Young's Modulus approximately 4.9 X 10<SUP>10</SUP> N/m<SUP>2</SUP>), a close match of thermal coefficients of expansion with the piezoceramic film, and a tailorable crystal orientation in order to provide a desired template for growth of oriented PLZT. This paper also presents a comparison of a variety of flexible substrate films and fibers and our recent results on polybenzoxazole (PBO), a polymeric candidate for a flexible high temperature substrate. Variation of the properties of PBO as a function of temperature are also presented.
Process model reuse support-the OPSIS approach (1996)

Despite the efforts to devise enactable process modelling languages that are non-technical and very readable, the definition of enactable software process models still involves large amounts of detail and requires programming skills. Efforts to design new process modelling languages and tools will help to bring down the costs for process model development. However we believe that only a highly reuse based approach to software process engineering can provide the results that are needed. We rely on the taxonomy for software reuse techniques introduced by W. Krueger (1992) and we examine the differences/specificities which arise when applying these techniques to the software process model reuse domain. We illustrate this taxonomy using the reuse oriented features of the Opsis environment (D. Avrilionis et al., 1992).
From the Th1/Th2 Paradigm towards a Toll-Like Receptor/T-Helper Bias (2005)

Contains fulltext : 47817.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)
Use of Monoclonal Antibodies to Visualize Capsular Material of Bacterial Pathogens by Conventional Electron Microscopy (1997)

Abstract: Because of their chemical properties, bacterial capsules tend to collapse during dehydration before electron microscopy. The purpose of this study is thus to evaluate the use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against capsular material to stabilize and visualize bacterial capsule. Two important porcine pathogens with a known ultrastructure, namely, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Streptococcus suis, were used. Our data indicate that mAbs, either immunoglobulin G (IgG) or IgM, preferably from ascite fluids, can be used to stabilize bacterial capsular material in preparation for electron microscopy. However, because of their low antibody titer, the use of mAbs from culture supernatants is not recommended.
Diagnostic Potential of Target Giardia lamblia Specific Antigen for Detection of Human Giardiasis Using Coproantigen Sandwich ELISA (2013)

2 Abstract: Giardiasis is endemic in all regions of the world. Giardia lamblia (G. lamblia) cysts are spread in Egypt via the fecal-oral route, through ingestion of the cyst with contaminated food or water. The symptoms of giardiasis vary from the asymptomatic passage of cysts to chronic diarrhea, malabsorption and weight loss. Although microscopy has the advantage of low cost and ability to simultaneously detect other gastrointestinal parasite, the limitation of this method is that G. lamblia cysts are small and similar to many pseudoparasites. This study aimed to verify the advantages and disadvantages of enzyme-linked immunoassaying versus microscopy for diagnosing G. lamblia in human. The 65 kDa glycoprotein Giardia specific antigen (GSA-65 kDa) is considered to be an antigen of interest. It is shared by cysts and trophozoites of G. Lamblia as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis and immunoblotting and very specific to this parasite. Sandwich ELISA was more sensitive (95.12%) than ordinary parasitological diagnosis (78.05% for direct smear or 85.36% for MIFC method). Also, the NPV of sandwich ELISA (95.12%) is higher than that of parasitlogical procedure (82.35% for direct smear or 87.5% for MIFC method). On the other hand, the specificity (92.85%) and PPV (92.85%) of sandwich ELISA is lesser than that of parasitological procedure (100% and 100%, respectively). Sandwich ELISA, using purified anti-GSA-65 kDa IgG pAb, is recommended as a diagnostic test for Giardia spp. diagnosis more than ordinary microscopy methods.
A new diffusion SSFP imaging technique (1997)

In this paper a new diffusion sensitive steady-state free precession (SSFP) pulse sequence with a reduced sensitivity to physiological brain motion is presented. The signal attenuation due to diffusion in this SSFP sequence is derived theoretically and confirmed experimentally with a phantom. It is shown that for brain tissue this signal attenuation is approximately independent of T1 and T2, but depends only on the pulse sequence used, i.e., the timing and the size of the RF and the gradient pulses. On this basis the diffusion constant can be calculated for any region in the image. Diffusion sensitive images of the brain obtained with our pulse sequence are presented and shown to be superior over an image obtained with a "conventional" diffusion sensitive SSFP sequence.
Parametric Convolutional Neural Network for Radar-based Human Activity Classification Using Raw ADC Data (2020)

Radar sensors offer a promising and effective sensing modality for&lt;br&gt;human activity classification. Human activity classification enables several smart&lt;br&gt;homes applications for energy saving, human-machine interface for gesture&lt;br&gt;controlled appliances and elderly fall-motion recognition. Present radar-based&lt;br&gt;activity recognition system exploit micro-Doppler signature by generating Doppler&lt;br&gt;spectrograms or video of range-Doppler images (RDIs), followed by deep neural&lt;br&gt;network or machine learning for classification. Although, deep convolutional neural&lt;br&gt;networks (DCNN) have been shown to implicitly learn features from raw sensor&lt;br&gt;data in other fields, such as camera and speech, yet for the case of radar DCNN&lt;br&gt;preprocessing followed by feature image generation, such as video of RDI or&lt;br&gt;Doppler spectrogram, is required to develop a scalable and robust classification&lt;br&gt;or regression application. In this paper, we propose a parametric convolutional&lt;br&gt;neural network that mimics the radar preprocessing across fast-time and slow-time&lt;br&gt;radar data through 2D sinc filter or 2D wavelet filter kernels to extract features for&lt;br&gt;classification of various human activities. It is demonstrated that our proposed&lt;br&gt;solution shows improved results compared to equivalent state-of-art DCNN solutions&lt;br&gt;that rely on Doppler spectrogram or video of RDIs as feature images.
Analgesic, antiinflammatory and hypoglycemic effects ofSutherlandia frutescens R. BR. (variety Incana E. MEY.) (Fabaceae)shoot aqueous extract (2004)

Previous studies on the pharmacology of South African medicinal plants in our laboratories and elsewhere have shown that some plants possess therapeutic attributes. One such ethnomedically useful plant is Sutherlandia frutescens R. BR. (family: Fabaceae). S. frutescens is widely used in South African traditional medicine for the management and/or control of a plethora of human ailments. In order to scientifically appraise some of the ethnomedical uses of S. frutescens, the present study was undertaken to investigate the analgesic, antiinflammatory and antidiabetic properties of the plant's shoot aqueous extract in experimental animal models. The analgesic effect of the herb's shoot extract was evaluated using the hot-plate and acetic acid test models of pain in mice, while the antiinflammatory and hypoglycemic effects of the plant's shoot aqueous extract were investigated in rats, using fresh egg albumin-induced pedal (paw) edema, and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus. Diclofenac (100 mg/kg) and chlorpropamide (250 mg/kg) were used, respectively, as reference drugs for comparison. S. frutescens shoot aqueous extract (50-800 mg/kg i.p.) produced significant (p < 0.05-0.001) analgesic effects against thermally- and chemically-induced nociceptive pain stimuli in mice. The plant extract (50-800 mg/kg p.o. or i.p.) also significantly (p < 0.05-0.001) inhibited fresh egg albumin-induced acute inflammation and caused significant (p < 0.05-0.001) hypoglycemia in rats. The various chemical constituents and secondary metabolites of the herb are speculated to account for the observed analgesic, antiinflammatory and hypoglycemic effects of the plant. The results of this experimental animal study suggest that S. frutescens shoot aqueous extract possesses analgesic, antiinflammatory, and hypoglycemic properties, and thus lend pharmacological credence to the suggested folkloric uses of the herb in the management and/or control of painful, arthritic and other inflammatory conditions, as well as for adult-onset, type-2 diabetes mellitus in some communities of South Africa.
A coupled-inductor, zero-voltage-switched dual-SEPIC converter with low output ripple and noise (2003)

A zero-voltage switch (ZVS), coupled-inductor, multiple-output dual SEPIC power converter is constructed with the objective of low output ripple and noise. The output voltage and current relations for the ZVS dual SEPIC with multiple outputs are derived, and a design procedure is given. A simple conceptual model is developed of the coupled inductors and power transformers on a common core, and the effect of using quasiresonant switching on the zero-ripple condition is examined. A 36 V to 5 and 15 V experimental prototype is constructed, and total ripple and noise voltages of less than 3 mV peak are observed on both outputs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Extremely Strong and Readily Accessible AAA−DDD Triple Hydrogen Bond Complexes (2006)

Extremely high association constants (Ka's) of up to 2 × 107 M-1 in CH2Cl2 at room temperature are measured for chemically stable AAA−DDD and AA−DDD complexes which feature novel and readily accessible multiple hydrogen bond acceptors.
Role of Local Radiation Therapy in Cancer Immunotherapy (2015)

The recent success of cancer immunotherapy has demonstrated the power of the immune system to clear tumors, generating renewed enthusiasm for identifying ways to induce antitumor immune responses in patients. Natural antitumor immune responses are detectable in a fraction of patients across multiple malignant neoplasms and can be reactivated by targeting rate-limiting immunosuppressive mechanisms. In most patients, however, interventions to induce a de novo antitumor immune response are necessary. We review growing evidence that radiation therapy targeted to the tumor can convert it into an in situ tumor vaccine by inducing release of antigens during cancer cell death in association with proinflammatory signals that trigger the innate immune system to activate tumor-specific T cells. In addition, radiation's effects on the tumor microenvironment enhance infiltration of activated T cells and can overcome some of the barriers to tumor rejection. Thus, the complementary effects of radiation on priming and effector phases of antitumor immunity make it an appealing strategy to generate immunity against a patient's own individual tumor, that through immunological memory, can result in long-lasting systemic responses. Several anecdotal cases have demonstrated the efficacy of combining radiation with available immunotherapies, and results of prospective trials are forthcoming.
ChemInform Abstract: LITHIUM IODIDE MEDIATED REGIOSELECTIVE COUPLING OF LITHIUM ACETYLIDES WITH ALLYLIC HALIDES (1980)

Abstract Für die regioselektive Kupplung des Lithiumheptins (I) mit Butenylchlorid (II) ist Lithiumiodid ein guter Katalysator.
Ligand-induced ubiquitination of the platelet-derived growth factor beta-receptor plays a negative regulatory role in its mitogenic signaling. (1993)

We have recently reported that the platelet-derived growth factor beta-receptor undergoes polyubiquitination as a consequence of ligand binding and that a mutant beta-receptor lacking the carboxyl-terminal 98 amino acid residues of the receptor (CT98 mutant) does not undergo this posttranslational modification (Mori, S., Heldin, C.-H., and Claesson-Welsh, L. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 6429-6434). In this paper, we report that a mutant beta-receptor in which the carboxyl-terminally located Tyr-1009 and Tyr-1021, which are potential autophosphorylation sites, were simultaneously changed to phenylalanine residues by site-directed mutagenesis (Y1009F/Y1021F mutant) showed only 15% efficiency in ligand-induced ubiquitination compared with the wild-type receptor. Ligand-stimulated degradation of the receptor-bound ligand, as well as of the receptor itself, was partially impaired in the cells expressing the ubiquitination-deficient receptor mutants (CT98 and Y1009F/Y1021F). Furthermore, the ubiquitination-deficient receptors possessed an amplified mitogenic activity, as judged by a [3H]thymidine incorporation assay. These data suggest that ligand-induced ubiquitination plays a negative regulatory role in mitogenic signaling of the platelet-derived growth factor beta-receptor, possibly by promoting the efficient degradation of the ligand-activated receptor.
A three‐dimensional method for calculating currents induced in bodies by extremely low‐frequency electric fields (1990)

A user-friendly, numerical program has been developed to permit the calculation of induced currents in modeled bodies of human and infrahuman subjects. The program is based on a charge-simulation method (CSM), and it takes into account the three-dimensional (3-D) character of the extremely-low-frequency (ELF) electric field and of the models to be exposed. The principle of the method is to simulate a 3-D object, for example, an animal model, by a combination of several parts (blocks) having simple geometric forms such as a sphere, a cylinder, or a cone. This approach permits easy preparation of input data on the dimensions of the blocks and their positions in a 3-D arrangement. Other input data, such as the coordinates of the contour points and the imaginary values of charges inside objects, which are necessary in the calculations by CSM, are produced automatically by selecting an appropriate "level" for each block, according to its importance. To simulate parts having irregular shapes, special blocks may be added. In one series of experiments, induced currents were calculated for a baboon model in various postures: standing upright, positioned on four legs, and sitting on the floor. Calculated currents, the total induced current in particular, agreed very well with experimental values. Local currents in parts of the baboon models were more variable, ranging from 5% to 17% of measured values in the case of induced currents in the head. Some problems with this method, such as the effect of the dimensions of blocks or the choice of block levels, are discussed.