gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biosafety guidelines for sorting of unfixed cells (1997)

The International Society of Analytical Cytology (ISAC) Biohazard Working Group presents guidelines for sorting of unfixed cells, including known biohazardous samples, using jet-in-air, deflected-droplet cell sorters. There is a risk that personnel operating these instruments could become exposed to droplets and aerosols containing biological agents present in the samples. The following guidelines can aid in the prevention of exposures of laboratory personnel to pathogens contained in the sort samples. The document provides biosafety recommendations for sample handling, operator training and protection, laboratory facility design, and instrument setup and maintenance. In addition, it describes in detail methods for assessment of instrument aerosol containment. Recommendations provided here may also help laboratories to obtain institutional and/or regulatory agency approval for sorting of unfixed and known biohazardous samples.
APR-246 reactivates mutant p53 by targeting cysteines 124 and 277 (2018)

The TP53 tumor suppressor gene is frequently inactivated in human tumors by missense mutations in the DNA binding domain. TP53 mutations lead to protein unfolding, decreased thermostability and loss of DNA binding and transcription factor function. Pharmacological targeting of mutant p53 to restore its tumor suppressor function is a promising strategy for cancer therapy. The mutant p53 reactivating compound APR-246 (PRIMA-1<sup>Met</sup>) has been successfully tested in a phase I/IIa clinical trial. APR-246 is converted to the reactive electrophile methylene quinuclidinone (MQ), which binds covalently to p53 core domain. We identified cysteine 277 as a prime binding target for MQ in p53. Cys277 is also essential for MQ-mediated thermostabilization of wild-type, R175H and R273H mutant p53, while both Cys124 and Cys277 are required for APR-246-mediated functional restoration of R175H mutant p53 in living tumor cells. These findings may open opportunities for rational design of novel mutant p53-targeting compounds.
Electric field modification of magnetotransport in Ni thin films on (011) PMN-PT piezosubstrates (2015)

This study reports the magnetotransport and magnetic properties of 20 nm-thick polycrystalline Ni films deposited by magnetron sputtering on unpoled piezoelectric (011) [PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3]0.68-[PbTiO3]0.32 (PMN-PT) substrates. The longitudinal magnetoresistance (MR) of the Ni films on (011) PMN-PT, measured at room temperature in the magnetic field range of −0.3 T &amp;lt; μ0H &amp;lt; 0.3 T, is found to depend on the crystallographic direction and polarization state of piezosubstrate. Upon poling the PMN-PT substrate, which results in a transfer of strain to the Ni film, the MR value decreases by factor of 20 for the current along [100] of PMN-PT and slightly increases for the [011¯] current direction. Simultaneously, a strong increase (decrease) in the field value, where the MR saturates, is observed for the [011¯] ([100]) current direction. The anisotropic magnetoresistance is also strongly affected by the remanent strain induced by the electric field pulses applied to the PMN-PT in the non-linear regime revealing a large (132 mT) magnetic anisotropy field. Applying a critical electric field of 2.4 kV/cm, the anisotropy field value changes back to the original value, opening a path to voltage-tuned magnetic field sensor or storage devices. This strain mediated voltage control of the MR and its dependence on the crystallographic direction is correlated with the results of magnetization reversal measurements.
Long Term Oxidation of Fecral ODS Alloys at High Temperature (2001)

The oxidation resistance of a commercial oxide dispersion strengthened alloy (MA 956) was examined after long exposures at high temperature. Isothermal and cyclic oxidation treatments were carried out in laboratory air at 1200°C and 1300°C for a few thousand hours in order to study the oxide scale stability (criteria of protection and spalling of the alumina film). Chemical analyses of the substrate for increasing treatment duration revealed a continuous decrease of the matrix aluminium content due to the oxide growth. As soon as the aluminium content fell below a critical value, the alloy could no longer develop a continuous and protective alumina layer. Aluminium nitrides were observed in the substrate beneath the oxidised surfaces, later associated with the iron rich oxide formation after the spallation of the alumina scale. A model to predict the service lifetime of industrial components was established, taking into account the critical parameters involved in the breakaway oxidation phenomenon.
Correlation Between Glucosylceramide Synthase Gene Polymorphism and Severity Score Index in Type 1 Gaucher Disease (2008)

Abstract Background: Gaucher disease (GD), caused by a deficiency of the glucocerebrosidase (GC) enzyme, is characterized by the accumulation of glucosylceramide (GlcCer) within lysosomes, resulting in cellular dysfunction and damage. GlcCer is catalyzed by the glucosylceramide synthase (GCS), also known as UDP-glucose ceramide glucosyltransferase, (UGCG), EC 2.4.1.80, first enzyme in glycosphingolipids biosynthesis. Mutations in the glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene are required to cause GD, but other factors play an important role. Aims: GCS gene is a logical candidate to hypothesize that its variability could be involved in clinical severity. Patients and methods: We have analyzed GCS variants (g.(−295)C&amp;gt;T, g.(−222)ins10, g.148A&amp;gt;G, g.166A&amp;gt;T, g.25510C&amp;gt;G, g.29312A&amp;gt;G and g.34991A&amp;gt;G) in a group of 80 [N370S]+[L444P] heterozygous and 23 N370S homozygous patients. Results: were related with severity score index (SSI). g.(−295)C&amp;gt;T and g.166A&amp;gt;T SNPs were in complete linkage disequilibrium. In the N370S homozygous, carriers of g.(−222)ins10 have higher SSI than non carriers (6.6 vs 2.4, p&amp;lt;0.004). Patient carriers of the A-allele for SNP g.148A&amp;gt;G had higher SSI than the G-allele carriers (6.7 vs 1.5, p&amp;lt;0.001, for [N370S]+[L444P] heterozygous and 4.3 vs 1.7, p&amp;lt;0.001, for [N370S] homozygous). “In silico” studies and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) indicate that 10bp insertion at the promoter region generates a new ETF binding site and the g.148a&amp;gt;g variant at intron 1 changes the affinity for the transcription factor AP-2. GlcCer were elevated in patient carriers of one mutated allele of these two variants. Conclusion: our results suggest that the genetic GCS variants could influence in the development and progression of GD severity.
The path to one-picosecond accuracy (2002)

Since 1990, architectural innovations and implementation breakthroughs have driven EPA from /spl plusmn/250 ps to /spl plusmn/50 ps, in a tester with the same waveform capabilities and the same cost per pin. Further progress, called for by new devices all over the application spectrum, is based on tight control of the ATE timing error budget, and addresses the fundamental challenge of source synchronous timing. The path to deep picosecond accuracy is driven by calibration technology.
Optical Transport SDN for High-Capacity Inter-Datacenter Networks (2014)

We review the key technologies and new management models i.e. transport software-defined networking (SDN) to support the scaling of capacity as well as operation of fast-growing inter-datacenter optical backbone networks.
Fuzzy analysis of satellite images to find phytoplankton blooms (2002)

A knowledge-based approach to automatic classification of Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) images of the west Florida Shelf is described. The approach is utilized to monitor red tides and phytoplankton plumes, such as green river off the west Florida shelf. CZCS images are initially segmented by the unsupervised mrFCM algorithm, then a knowledge based system is applied to the centroid values of resultant clusters to label case I and case II waters, green river and red tide. Our knowledge base consists of a rule based system and an embedded neural network. Our results show, among 25 ground truth images, this system can correctly recognize all 15 images with green river and 10 images without. The system can correctly classify 75% of the pixels belonging to green river. A time series of red tide in 1978 is also successfully identified.
Presence of unsaturated sphingomyelins and changes in their composition during the life cycle of the moth Manduca sexta (2004)

NMR and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry were used to show for the first time the presence of sphingomyelins in extracts of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera). The sphingosine in the ceramide was identified as tetradecasphing-4-enine, and the fatty acids were C18:0, C20:0, C22:0, and C24:0 (compound 1). Heterogeneity in the ceramide was observed in sphingomyelins from M. sexta. All of the sphingomyelins were associated with their doubly unsaturated sphingosine, tetradecasphing-4,6-dienine (compound 2), which contained the same set of fatty acids as compound 1 and represents a novel set of sphingomyelins not previously reported in Lepidoptera. Lipid rafts were isolated from brains of M. sexta, and the association of these novel sphingomyelins with rafts was confirmed. The existence of the additional double bond was also observed in ceramide and ceramide phosphoethanolamine isolated from M. sexta. The levels of the doubly unsaturated ceramide showed modest changes during metamorphosis of M. sexta. These results suggest that Manduca sphingomyelins may participate in the formation of lipid rafts, in keeping with their function in vertebrates.
Quality of Service Attributes in Web Services (2010)

As Web Services development grew rapidly since 2002, the need for Quality of Services (QoS) has become a significant factor for building a trustworthy service application. There have been many proposals and frameworks which adds QoS to Web Services. However, few technologies have survived the race and forced their way to standardization. This paper will explore some of what has been done in Web Services QoS in the last decade. Some of the questions answered in this paper are: Where exactly do we stand now in supporting QoS attributes representing non-functional requirements for Web Services? What technologies as well as QoS attributes have proven themselves to be worthy for standardization? Three main models and two main technologies will be discussed, i.e., Web Services Publishing & Discovery, Web Services Description & Handling, and the combination of both. These models are combined with two technologies: Universal Description Discovery and Integration (UDDI) and WS-Policy. This paper will show that many approaches introducing non-functional characteristics to Web Services have mainly considered security, reliable messaging, transaction, accounting, availability and response time as major quality characteristics for Web Services. This paper will conclude that policies has found popularity and acceptance among industry vendors.
Inducible expression of an antibiotic peptide gene in lipopolysaccharide-challenged tracheal epithelial cells. (1996)

Mammals continually confront microbes at mucosal surfaces. A current model suggests that epithelial cells contribute to defense at these sites, in part through the production of broad-spectrum antibiotic peptides. Previous studies have shown that invertebrates can mount a host defense response characterized by the induction in epithelia] cells of a variety of antibiotic proteins and peptides when they are challenged with microorganisms, bacterial cell wall/membrane components, or traumatic injury [Boman, H.G. & Hultmark, D. (1987) Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 41, 103-126J. However, factors that govern the expression of similar defense molecules in mammalian epithelial cells are poorly understood. Here, a 13-fold induction of the endogenous gene encoding tracheal antimicrobial peptide was found to characterize a host response of tracheal epithelia] cells (TECs) exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Northern blot data indicated that TECs express CD14, a well-characterized LPS-binding protein known to mediate many LPS responses. A monoclonal antibody to CD14 blocked the observed tracheal antimicrobial peptide induction by LPS under serum-free conditions. Together the data support that CD14 of epithelial cell origin mediates the LPS induction of an antibiotic peptide gene in TECs, providing evidence for the active participation of epithelial cells in the host's local defense response to bacteria. Furthermore, the data allude to a conservation of this host response in evolution and suggest that a similar inducible pathway of host defense is prevalent at mucosal surfaces of mammals.
Slow waves on long helices (2022)

Slowing light in a non-dispersive and controllable fashion opens the door to many new phenomena in photonics. As such, many schemes have been put forward to decrease the velocity of light, most of which are limited in bandwidth or incur high losses. In this paper we show that a long metallic helix supports a low-loss, broadband slow wave with a mode index that can be controlled via geometrical design. For one particular geometry, we characterise the dispersion of the mode, finding a relatively constant mode index of [Formula: see text] 45 between 10 and 30 GHz. We compare our experimental results to both a geometrical model and full numerical simulation to quantify and understand the limitations in bandwidth. We find that the bandwidth of the region of linear dispersion is associated with the degree of hybridisation between the fields of a helical mode that travels around the helical wire and an axial mode that disperses along the light line. Finally, we discuss approaches to broaden the frequency range of near-constant mode index: we find that placing a straight wire along the axis of the helix suppresses the interaction between the axial and high index modes supported by the helix, leading to both an increase in bandwidth and a more linear dispersion.
New Approaches To the Design of Active Filters (1966)

Operational amplifiers can greatly simplify the design of high performance signal filters because they elimi nate the need for inductors and for impedance matching. Furthermore, use of active filters can result in reduc tion of weight, size, and cost. Filters designed to satisfy sophisticated mathematical criteria can be realized without resort to "equalization" or trimming. In this issue we discuss the design of operational amplifier and analog computer circuits suitable for use as low pass filters. We also discuss the commonly used mathematically designed filters, i.e. Butterworth, Chebyshev, and Bessel. In addition, we present two new types of theoretical filters, the Paynter and the Aver aging filters. Design data necessary for realizing these theoretical filters with amplifier circuits is provided. In the next issue we shall discuss the design of band pass, band reject, high pass and all pass active filter circuits.
A Multi-Continuum Model for Gas Production in Tight Fractured Reservoirs (2009)

Abstract Tight gas reservoirs are characterized by single-phase (gas) or two-phase (gas and liquid) flow in extremely low-permeability, highly heterogeneous porous/fractured, and stress-sensitive rock. Gas flow in such tight formations is further complicated by other co-existing processes, such as Klinkenberg effect, non-Newtonian or non-Darcy flow behavior, due to strong interaction between fluid molecules and solid materials within tiny pores, or micro- and macro- fractures. Because of the low permeability in tight rock, the traditional double-porosity model may not be applicable for handling fracture-matrix interaction of gas flow in these reservoirs. In this work, we present a generalized mathematical model for simulating multiphase flow of gas in tight, porous/fractured reservoirs using a more general, multi-continuum modeling approach. The model incorporates the following processes: (1) Klinkenberg effect, (2) non-Newtonian behavior (i.e., threshold pressure gradient for flow to occur); (3) non-Darcy flow with inertial effects; and (4) rock deformation due to changes in the stress field. We propose to explicitly separate effects of rock mechanical deformation and molecular interaction between fluids and rock materials. The former effect is included using the intrinsic permeability and porosity relations, while the latter is accounted for by an apparent viscosity for non-Newtonian, non-Darcy's behavior, or a modified permeability for Klinkenberg effect The proposed mathematical model has been implemented into a multiphase, multidimensional reservoir simulator. In the numerical model, specifically, a control-volume, integral finite-difference method is used for spatial discretization with an unstructured grid, and a first-order finite-difference scheme is adapted for temporal discretization of governing two-phase flow equations in tight gas reservoirs. The resulting discrete nonlinear equations are solved fully implicitly by Newton iteration. The numerical scheme has been verified against analytical solutions with Klinkenburg effect, non-Newtonian or non-Darcy flow, and flow in deformable fractured rock in our previous studies. The model's application to actual tight gas reservoirs is an on-going research project.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid Homologies Among SomePseudomonasSpecies (1972)

Phylogenetic relationships among a number of strains belonging to the genus Pseudomonas were explored by the use of in vitro deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) hybridization. The fluorescent nomenspecies (P. fluorescens, P. putida, P. aeruginosa, P. cichorii, P. syringae, and related species), as well as the nonfluorescent species P. stutzeri, P. mendocina, P. alcaligenes, and P. pseudoalcaligenes, were shown to belong to a single DNA homology complex which is isolated from other Pseudomonas species that have been studied [P. cepacia (= P. multivorans), P. caryophylli, P. marginata (= P. alliicola), P. pseudomallei, P. acidovorans, P. testosteroni, P. solanacearum, P. diminuta, P. facilis, P. delafieldii, P. saccharophila, P. palleronii]. A limited numerical analysis of the phenotypic properties of the examined strains supported, with some exceptions, their previous allocation to nomenspecies and biotypes. The internal structure and nomenclature of the "P. fluorescens homology complex" are discussed.
An intermediate animal model of spinal cord stimulation (2016)

Spinal cord injuries (SCI) result in the loss of movement and sensory feedback as well as organs dysfunctions. For example, nearly all SCI subjects loose their bladder control and are prone to kidney failure if they do not proceed to intermittent (self-) catheterization. Electrical stimulation of the sacral spinal roots with an implantable neuroprosthesis is a promising approach, with commercialized products, to restore continence and control micturition. However, many persons do not ask for this intervention since a surgical deafferentation is needed and the loss of sensory functions and reflexes become serious side effects of this procedure. Recent results renewed interest in spinal cord stimulation. Stimulation of existing pre-cabled neural networks involved in physiological processes regulation is suspected to enable synergic recruitment of spinal fibers. The development of direct spinal stimulation strategies aiming at bladder and bowel functions restoration would therefore appear as a credible alternative to existent solutions. However, a lack of suitable large animal model complicates these kinds of studies. In this article, we propose a new animal model of spinal stimulation -pig- and will briefly introduce results from one first acute experimental validation session.
Architectural support for dynamic reconfiguration of large scale distributed applications (2002)

In a distributed environment, it is inevitable that long-running applications will require support for dynamic reconfiguration because, for example, machines may fail, services may be moved or withdrawn and user requirements may change. In such an environment, it is essential that the structure of running applications can be modified to reflect such changes. A complication is that such long-running applications are frequently composed our of existing applications. The resulting application can be very complex in structure, containing many temporal dependencies between constituent applications. This paper describes an approach that supports the dynamic reconfiguration of large-scale distributed applications. An application composition and execution environment has been designed and implemented as a transactional workflow system that enables sets of inter-related tasks (applications) to be carried out and supervised in a dependable manner. A task model that is expressive enough to represent temporal dependencies between constituent tasks has been developed. The workflow system maintains this structure and makes it available through transactional operations for performing changes to it. Use of transactions ensure that changes can be carried out atomically with respect to running applications. The workflow system is general purpose and open: it has been designed and implemented as a set of CORBA services to run on top of a given ORB.
Optimization of Extraction Process of Methyl Eugenol from Volatile Oil of Asarum Sieboldii Miq.by Ultrasound-assisted Extraction (2013)

In this study,the content of methyl eugenol from volatile oil of Asarum sieboldii Miq.was extracted by ultrasound-assisted extraction and determined by spiking internal standard.Based on the results of single factor experiment,orthogonal tests were designed to optimize the extraction conditions,including immersion time,material-liquid ratio,extraction temperature and time.The results showed that the best extraction conditions were as follows:3 h as immersion time,1∶ 40 as material-liquid ratio,60 ℃ as the extraction temperature,40 min as the extraction time,with 3 parallel experimental verifications.The yields of methyl eugenol extracted out under this condition were higher than any orthogonal group.The ultrasound-assisted extraction process was proved to be stable and reliable.
Purine metabolism regulates DNA repair and therapy resistance in glioblastoma (2020)

Abstract Intratumoral genomic heterogeneity in glioblastoma (GBM) is a barrier to overcoming therapy resistance, and new strategies that are effective independent of genotype are urgently needed. By correlating intracellular metabolite levels with radiation resistance across dozens of genomically-distinct models of GBM, we found that purine metabolites strongly correlated with radiation resistance. Inhibiting purine, but not pyrimidine, synthesis radiosensitized GBM cells and patient-derived neurospheres by impairing DNA repair in a nucleoside-dependent fashion. Likewise, administration of exogenous purine nucleosides protected sensitive GBM models from radiation by promoting DNA repair. Combining an FDA-approved inhibitor of de novo purine synthesis with radiation arrested growth in GBM xenograft models and depleted intratumoral guanylates. High expression of the rate-limiting enzyme of de novo GTP synthesis was associated with shorter survival in GBM patients. Together, these findings indicate that inhibiting de novo purine synthesis may be a promising strategy to overcome therapy resistance in this genomically heterogeneous disease.
Targeting Bone Metastases with a Bispecific Anticancer and Antiangiogenic Polymer–Alendronate–Taxane Conjugate (2009)

A polymer therapeutic designed for combination anticancer and antiangiogenic therapy inhibited the proliferation of prostate carcinoma cells and the proliferation, migration, and tube-formation of endothelial cells. The nanoconjugate was formed from an N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer, the bisphosphonate alendronate (for bone targeting), and the chemotherapy agent paclitaxel (PTX), which is cleaved by cathepsin B (see scheme).