gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Observations of a deep tropopause fold over Darwin during ACTIVE and SCOUT-O3 - Implications for the TTL and local meteorology (2008)

The meteorology of the Darwin (Northern Australia) region and the nearby Tiwi Islandsis of particular interest due to the potential influence of frequent deep-convectivestorms on stratosphere-troposphere exchange. Such meteorology and convective transporthas been the subject of intense study during the simultaneous and synergisticACTIVE (Nov 2005 - Feb 2006) and SCOUT-O3 (Nov-Dec 2005) campaigns, whichcombine low and high altitude aircraft measurements over the Darwin and Tiwi Islandregion and includes a series of ozonesondes launched throughout ACTIVE. Inthis paper we discuss ozone soundings recorded from Darwin Airport in Novemberand December 2005 which show evidence for stratosphere-to-troposphere transport ofdry, ozone-rich air over Northern Australia in an unusually deep and unusually placedtropopause fold, both in terms of its geographical location and low latitude, and itsextent into the lower free troposphere. The potential role of such thick layers of dry,ozone-rich air in the free troposphere are investigated here in the context of localand regional convective inhibition and intensity using a large eddy model of so-calledHector island thunderstorms, with a comparison to 3D polarimetric radar observations,as well as available meteorological fields and satellite imagery provided by theAustralian Bureau of Meteorology. In addition to the potential for convective perturbation,the presence of such chemically perturbed layers of air in the free tropospheremay also affect local chemistry, and subsequently the composition and chemistry ofthe TTL by later uplift in deep tropical convection.
Upgrade of a computer-writing tool with MEMS inertial sensors (2010)

This paper presents an improvement to gesture reconstruction with a computer-writing tool based on an inertial principle. The computer-writing tool is modified with a complete, miniaturized, six degrees-of-freedom inertial measurement unit in order to reduce the error in the tool’s orientation with respect to the reference coordinate system and, consequently, to reduce the error in the tool’s tip position on the paper. The improvement is achieved by calibrating the inertial measurement unit using advanced modeling of the nonlinear voltage output of a triple-axis low-g MEMS accelerometer. The nonlinear accelerometer’s model considers an interacting influence between the measuring axes of the arbitrarily oriented writing tool. With a combination of the attitude compensation and the zero-velocity compensation techniques the positional error of the tool’s tip on the paper is reduced.
Coexistence of reactive functional groups at the interface of a powdered activated amorphous carbon: a molecular view (2021)

Titration experiments using ten reactive probe gases interacting with a Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) sample have been performed in a two-chamber Knudsen flow reactor equipped with molecular-beam modulated mass spectrometric detection. The goal of these uptake and desorption experiments performed at ambient temperature was to establish a map of reactive sites at the PAC interface of 1580 m2/g BET surface area. The extent of the net uptake of the probe gases in molecule cm−2 was in the order O3 >> NO2 > TFA (trifluoroacetic acid, CF3COOH) >HA (hydroxylamine, NH2OH) > C4H4S (thiophene) > TMA (trimethylamine) > HCl > H2O > H2S > SO2. PAC may, therefore, be characterised as a reduced and weakly basic type of amorphous carbon. The sum of individual coverages amounts to 62.5% and corresponds to a highly decorated PAC interface. Six out of ten probe gases (H2O, NO2, HCl, TMA, TFA and thiophene (C4H4S)) spontaneously desorb to variable extents at ambient temperature under flow reactor conditions from a previously saturated PAC interface. The adsorption/desorption rate coefficients were fitted to the experimental desorption rates using an analytical solution. For HCl, NO2 and H2O a rather large discrepancy of a factor of 7.3, 12.7 and 71.4, respectively, between the initial uptake rate constant k0 on a virgin non-polar PAC surface and a gas-saturated PAC surface upon readsorption occurring in spontaneous desorption experiments (ka) has been detected.
Heparin Neutralization by Recombinant Platelet Factor 4 and Protamine (1995)

Protamine is the only available drug to reverse heparin-induced anticoagulation. Platelet factor 4 (PF4) is a basic polypeptide stored in platelets that reverses heparin. To investigate its potential as a reversal drug, we studied recombinant PF4 on anticoagulated blood obtained during cardiac surgery. Blood was obtained from 33 different venous reservoirs, and activated clotting time (ACT), heparin concentrations, and heparinase-ACT were determined. Anticoagulation was reversed by adding incremental PF4:heparin and protamine:heparin ratios to the heparinized blood, and the ACTs were determined (n = 21). Viscoelastic analysis of anticoagulation reversal was performed by adding protamine or PF4 at reversal ratios of 1.3:1 protamine:heparin, and 3.2:1 PF4:heparin using thromboelastography (n = 12). PF4 reversal ratios of 3:1 and 3.5:1 and protamine reversal ratios of 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1 were not statistically different from heparinase-ACT values. There were no significant differences in viscoelastic measurements of clot formation between protamine and PF4. Recombinant PF4 at a 3.0:1 ratio reverses heparin-induced anticoagulation after cardiopulmonary bypass, and represents a potential alternative, especially for the protamine allergic patient. (Anesth Analg 1995;81:35-7)
Irenolone and emenolone: two new types of phytoalexin from Musa paradisiaca (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIrenolone and emenolone: two new types of phytoalexin from Musa paradisiacaJavier G. Luis, Fernando Echeverri, Winston Quinones, Ivan Brito, Matias Lopez, Fernando Torres, Gloria Cardona, Zahira Aguiar, Carlos Pelaez, and Mauricio RojasCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 16, 4306–4308Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00068a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00068a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views329Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
CATHODIC PROTECTION OF MOORING BUOYS AND CHAIN. PART 2. FURTHER FIELD STUDIES (1967)

Abstract : An investigation was conducted into the use of specially cast zinc anodes to cathodically protect the ground tackle of a fleet mooring. While part of the mooring was completely protected by these anodes, a lack of good electrical continuity in parts of the ground legs prevented complete protection there. A cable joined periodically along one of the ground legs provided the necessary continuity and permitted complete protection of the leg.
Temperature-Dependent Demography of Two Closely Related Predatory Mites Neoseiulus womersleyi and N. longispinosus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) (2017)

Temperature has significant effects on the development, survival, and reproduction of ectothermic organisms. In this study, we examined the effect of temperature on the demographic characteristics of two predatory mite species, Neosciulus womersleyi (Schicha) and N. longispinosus (Evans), reared on Tetranychus urticae Koch. The developmental and reproductive traits of both species were examined at 10 constant temperatures between 15 °C and 37.5 °C. The preadult development time of N. womersleyi and N. longispinosus decreased with increasing temperature until 32.5 °C and 35 °C, respectively. The lower developmental threshold (T0) and thermal constant (K) estimated by using a linear model were 11.61 °C and 69.36 DD for N. womersleyi and 11.92 °C and 61.5 DD for N. longispinosus, respectively. Total preoviposition period and total longevity of females and males of N. womersleyi and N. longispinosus decreased with increasing temperature. The mean generation time (T) first decreased with temperature until 32.5 and 35 °C for N. womersleyi and N. longispinosus, respectively, and then increased at higher temperatures. The R0 and r values first increased with temperature until 32.5 and 30 °C for N. womersleyi and N. longispinosus, respectively, and then decreased at higher temperatures. The R0 and r values for N. longispinosus at 37.5 °C were 0.3 offspring and -0.143 d-1, respectively. These results show that N. longispinosus is less fit than N. womersleyi at 37.5 °C.
Synthesis of asynchronous control circuits with automatically generated relative timing assumptions (1999)

This paper describes a method of synthesis of asynchronous circuits with relative timing. Asynchronous communication between gates and modules typically utilizes handshakes to ensure functionality. Relative timing assumptions in the form “event a occurs before event b” can be used to remove redundant handshakes and associated logic. This paper presents a method for automatic generation of relative timing assumptions from the untimed specification. These assumptions can be used for area and delay optimization of the circuit. A set of relative timing constraints sufficient for the correct operation of the circuit is back-annotated to the designer. Experimental results for control circuits of a prototype iA32 instruction length decoding and steering unit called RAPPID (“Revolving Asynchronous Pentium® Processor Instruction Decoder”) shows significant improvements in area and delay over speed-independent circuits.
Purification and Characterization of Three β-Glucosidases from Acremonium cellulolyticus (2000)

The monophyly of the muricid subfamily Rapaninae has recently been confirmed with molecular techniques, but its composition and the relationships among its constituent genera remain unclear. We use four genes (28S rRNA, 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, COI) to construct a Bayesian phylogeny of 80 rapanine species (73% of the approximately 109 currently accepted), representing 27 of the 31 nominal genera. This is the most complete phylogeny of this taxonomically confusing subfamily yet produced. We propose a revised phylogenetic classification of the Rapaninae, assigning the recognized species to 28 genera. Most of the morphologically-defined rapanine genera are considered valid, including Purpura, Drupa, Thais and Nassa, but many of them are here restricted or redefined so that they are monophyletic. In particular the familiar genus Thais is narrowly restricted to a single species. Many groups previously accepted as subgenera, including Mancinella, Vasula, Thalessa and Thaisella, are here accorded full generic rank. We describe one new genus, Indothais. While we do not formally alter species-level taxonomy, we show molecular evidence for two cryptic species and several instances of probable species synonymy. We estimate the age of diversification of the Rapaninae as Late Cretaceous (75.9 Ma) and of many of its genera as Miocene.
On the spectra selectivity of Talbot and Lau effects (2000)

The locations of self-reproduction planes in the Talbot effect and the distance between coherence peaks in the Lau effect are functions of the radiation wavelength. This fact can be used to develop new methods for spectral investigations. Below, we estimate the spectral selectivity of Talbot and Lau effects and compare it with the resolving power of traditional spectrographs with diffraction gratings.
Van der Waals density functional: Self-consistent potential and the nature of the van der Waals bond (2007)

We derive the exchange-correlation potential corresponding to the nonlocal van der Waals density functional [M. Dion, H. Rydberg, E. Schr\"oder, D. C. Langreth, and B. I. Lundqvist, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 246401 (2004)]. We use this potential for a self-consistent calculation of the ground state properties of a number of van der Waals complexes as well as crystalline silicon. For the latter, where little or no van der Waals interaction is expected, we find that the results are mostly determined by semilocal exchange and correlation as in standard generalized gradient approximations (GGA), with the fully nonlocal term giving little effect. On the other hand, our results for the van der Waals complexes show that the self-consistency has little effect on the atomic interaction energy and structure at equilibrium distances. This finding validates previous calculations with the same functional that treated the fully nonlocal term as a post-GGA perturbation. A comparison of our results with wave-function calculations demonstrates the usefulness of our approach. The exchange-correlation potential also allows us to calculate Hellmann-Feynman forces, hence providing the means for efficient geometry relaxations as well as unleashing the potential use of other standard techniques that depend on the self-consistent charge distribution. The nature of the van der Waals bond is discussed in terms of the self-consistent bonding charge.
Macrophage Activating Effects of New Alkamides from the Roots of Echinacea Species (2005)

Chemical investigation of the roots of Echinacea angustifolia, E. purpurea, and E. pallida yielded two new alkamides, identified by analysis of spectroscopic data and comparison with reported alkamides. The new compounds were dodeca-2Z,4E,10Z-trien-8-ynoic acid isobutylamide (1) from E. angustifolia and dodeca-2Z,4E-diene-8,10-diynoic acid isobutylamide (2) from E. purpurea and E. pallida. These two components, as well as previously identified alkamides, exerted inhibition on LPS-mediated activation of a murine macrophage line, RAW264.7. These data suggest that these alkamides may have anti-inflammatory activity. The cytotoxicity of these alkamides using MTT assays was also investigated.
Maribacter flavus sp. nov., isolated from a cyanobacterial culture pond (2015)

A Gram-stain-negative, yellow, non-spore-forming, strictly aerobic bacterium, designated C3T, was isolated from a cyanobacterial culture pond. Cells were halophilic, rod-shaped and able to move by gliding. Growth of strain C3T was observed at 15-30 °C (optimum 25 °C), pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum pH 7.5), and in the presence of 1-7 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 2-3 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain C3T formed a distinct lineage within the family Flavobacteriaceae and exhibited the highest similarity (95.21 %) to the type strains of Maribacter dokdonensis, Maribacter arcticus, Maribacter orientalis and Maribacter stanieri, and 'Maribacter caenipelagi' HD-44. The only isoprenoid quinone present within strain C3T was menaquinone 6 (MK-6). The G+C content of genomic DNA was 41.5 mol%. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and three unidentified lipids. The predominant cellular fatty acids (>5 % of the total fatty acids) were iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, and summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c). On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain C3T represents a novel species of the genus Maribacter, for which the name Maribacter flavus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is C3T ( = KCTC 42508T = CGMCC 1.15112T).
[Treatment outcome in femoral neck fractures]. (2002)

Retrospective study of 372 patients with Garden III-IV type intracapsular femoral neck fractures performed in Clinic of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kaunas University of Medicine, Kaunas Red Cross hospital. Ninety eight percent of them were operated: osteosynthesis for 302 patients, and arthroplasty for 63 patients. Evaluating results of treatment we paid attention on walking ability, pain in hip joint. Mean follow-up time was 1.5 years. Satisfactory results we received for 41.8%. The best results we received after total hip replacement and after osteosynthesis with modern fixation devices. Delayed surgery worsens results. Type of anesthesia did not influence results of osteosynthesis.
Automatic test generation for functional verification of microprocessors (2002)

A novel method to generate test programs for functional verification of microprocessors is presented. The method combines schemes of random generation and specific sequence generation. Four levels of hierarchical information are used to generate efficient test programs including many complicated sequences. Considerations in the test generation is also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Film Morphology of High Efficiency Solution‐Processed Small‐Molecule Solar Cells (2013)

Morphological control over the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) microstructure of a high‐efficiency small molecule photovoltaic system is demonstrated using both thermal treatment and solvent additive processing. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction is utilized to understand molecular interactions in the solid state and the BHJ morphology is examined using bright field, high‐resolution, and cross‐section transmission electron microscopy techniques. Controlling the domain size, while maintaining good molecular order within the semiconducting donor material, is found to be crucial in achieving high performance and over 90% internal quantum efficiency exhibited under the optimized conditions.
Poliomyelitis and the post-polio syndrome (1993)

Poliomyelitis is an acute viral disease that attacks the brain and the ventral horn of the spinal cord. Damage to the lower motor neurons usually results in atrophy and weakness of muscle groups, perhaps paralysis and possibly deformity. A second type, bulbar poliomyelitis, infects the medulla oblongata and may result in dysfunction of the swallowing mechanism along with respiratory and circulatory distress. Minor forms of poliomyelitis result in fever, sore throat, headache, and upper body stiffness, but leave no significant atrophy or paralysis. The purpose of this paper is to review post-polio syndrome (PPS) as well as the effect of exercise on the symptoms and morphologic adaptations to PPS and where future research efforts should be directed. The most common features of PPS for over 350,000 afflicted survivors include general fatigue, weakness, and joint/muscle pain. The primary reasons for these symptoms include 1) destruction of the anterior horn cells by the polio virus, leaving fewer motor neurons to induce muscle contraction; 2) unaffected motor unit enlargement by reinnervation through terminal sprouting; and 3) defective transmission at the neuromuscular junction secondary to failure of terminal axonal sprout. Acute responses to resistive exercise suggest significant muscle strength decrements in the knee extensors compared with similar aged people without polio. However, limited training investigation indicates significant strength increases for the knee extensors following at least 6 wk of training. Acute aerobic responses also differ significantly from those observed in aged-matched control subjects. Chronic aerobic responses to limited training studies suggest significant elevations in maximal oxygen uptake.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A Murine T Cell Receptor Gene Complex: Isolation, Structure and Rearrangement (1984)

We describe here our efforts to develop a systematic strategy for the enumeration and isolation of genes encoding T cell-specific, membrane-associated polypeptides. Of particular importance among the cDNA clones that we have isolated is one which encodes the beta chain of the murine T cell receptor for antigen. The gene product is strikingly similar to immunoglobulin in its variable (V), constant (C), joining (J), and diversity (D) - like elements and the ability of the latter three types of element to assort independently during differentiation. The genomic organization of the constant region locus which encodes this molecule consists of two tandemly arrayed units of the form JC/JC, where the J clusters consist of fourteen distinct elements, many of which may be functional. The two constant regions differ by only four amino acids and both are apparently expressed in T cells of the same phenotype, so they probably do not represent isotypes in the classical sense. The sequences flanking the V, D and J elements are also similar to the conserved heptamer and nonomer sequences of immunoglobulins thought to be important in the recombination of the specific gene segments. These similarities indicate both the common evolutionary origins of these loci and the strong selective pressure that must be operative. The T cell receptor locus differs somewhat from immunoglobulins in the large number of possible J region elements and to some extent in the hypervariable-framework regions of the V region. We and others have mapped this gene to chromosome 6 of the mouse, in the same portion of the chromosome but not closely linked the kappa locus. The significance of the predicted protein structure of the beta chain and its support of the one-receptor model of MHC-antigen recognition are discussed.
Scrotal Calcinosis (1982)

• Scrotal calcinosis, consisting of solitary or multiple circumscribed deposits of calcium within the dermis of the scrotum, has generally been assumed to be idiopathic. We have recently examined three patients in whom scrotal epidermoid cysts in varying stages of inflammation coexisted with scrotal calcinosis. Some cysts showed calcification of their keratin contents with little evidence of active inflammation. Other cysts showed rupture of their epithelial walls associated with the presence of keratin fibers, granulomatous inflammation, and calcium granules in the surrounding dermis. It seems that so-called idiopathic scrotal calcinosis may represent the end stage of dystrophic calcification associated with the inflammation of scrotal epidermoid cysts. (<i>Arch Dermatol</i>1982;118:985-988)
OPLEAF Fiber Array for High Density Optical IC (2006)

We propose an OPtical LEAd Frame (OPLEAF) that serves as the interface between an optical fiber array and high density optical IC. OPLEAF allows significant size reduction of optical IC. Recent advances in the miniaturization of optical ICs have made it possible to realize adjacent optical device spacing of 10μm-order. The OPLEAF converts the pitch from 250μm to 30μm and provides a miniaturized interface between fibers and the optical IC. OPLEAF is unification with tape fiber (fiber array) and connected to the optical IC directly; thus alignment is necessary only at one end. The maximum loss due to the curvature was evaluated to be 1.5dB from optical experiment. The value agrees well with the 1.3dB obtained from Beam Propagation Method (BPM) simulation.