gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Single-Event Transients in an Epitaxial Silicon Diode Resulting from Heavy Ion- Focused X-Rayand Pulsed Laser-Induced Charge Generation. (2020)

Abstract not provided.
Meb Hizmetiçi Eğitimlerinin Öğretmenlerin Bilgi ve İletişim Teknolojilerine İlişkin Tutumlarına ve Bilgisayar Öz-Yeterliklerine Etkisi (2012)

This study was conducted to reveal the impact of in-service training efforts organized by the MNE upon teachers&amp;#039; self-efficacy perceptions and attitudes toward ICT. Using the survey model, the study&amp;#039;s sample consists of 437 teachers. The Computer Self-Efficacy Perception Scale was used to assess the teachers&amp;#039; perceptions as the assessment instrument, while the Attitude Scale toward ICT was used to assess their attitudes. Percentage, arithmetic means, t, Anova, Scheffe and Pearson r correlation tests were employed in data analysis (p
Entropy‐Driven Mechanochemical Synthesis of Polymetallic Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks for CO2 Fixation (2019)

High-entropy materials refer to a kind of materials in which five or more metal species were incorporated deliberately into a single lattice with random occupancy. Up to now, such a concept has been only restricted to hard materials, such as high-entropy alloys and ceramics. Herein we report the synthesis of hybrid high-entropy materials, polymetallic zeolitic imidazolate framework (also named as high-entropy zeolitic imidazolate framework, HE-ZIF), via entropy-driven room-temperature mechanochemistry. HE-ZIF contains five metals including Zn<sup>II</sup> , Co<sup>II</sup> , Cd<sup>II</sup> , Ni<sup>II</sup> , and Cu<sup>II</sup> which are dispersed in the ZIF structure randomly. Moreover, HE-ZIF shows enhanced catalytic conversion of CO<sub>2</sub> into carbonate compared with ZIF-8 presumably a result of the synergistic effect of the five metal ions as Lewis acid in epoxide activation.
Successive cancellation decoding of single parity-check product codes (2017)

We introduce successive cancellation (SC) decoding of product codes (PCs) with single parity-check (SPC) component codes. Recursive formulas are derived, which resemble the SC decoding algorithm of polar codes. We analyze the error probability of SPC-PCs over the binary erasure channel under SC decoding. A bridge with the analysis of PCs introduced by Elias in 1954 is also established. Furthermore, bounds on the block error probability under SC decoding are provided, and compared to the bounds under the original decoding algorithm proposed by Elias. It is shown that SC decoding of SPC-PCs achieves a lower block error probability than Elias' decoding.
Quantitative image analytics for stratified pulmonary medicine (2012)

Recently we proposed spatio-pathological stratification of lungs from multiple subjects. This enabled a pulmonary disease landscape to objectively diagnose pathology, track progression and assess pharmacologic response within and across patients. Even though the approach based on unsupervised affinity propagation clustering of a symmetric pairwise dissimilarity metric showed strong statistical and clinical correlation, it did not address the possibility of candidates being potential outliers within a cluster and consequently being triaged to suboptimal personalized care. In this paper, we address this limitation through the use of an asymmetric dissimilarity metric and a density-based outlier detection technique to identify the natural outliers within the individual clusters. In a database of 370 datasets, 28 outliers were detected among 20 clinically correlated clusters. The proposed quantitative analytics could facilitate an optimized landscape wherein every patient is triaged through the most appropriate individualized pulmonary care.
Two‐Dimensional Boron Monolayers Mediated by Metal Substrates (2015)

Abstract Two‐dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene and boron nitride, have specific lattice structures independent of external conditions. In contrast, the structure of 2D boron sensitively depends on metal substrate, as we show herein using the cluster expansion method and a newly developed surface structure‐search method, both based on first‐principles calculations. The preferred 2D boron on weaker interacting Au is nonplanar with significant buckling and numerous polymorphs as in vacuum, whereas on more reactive Ag, Cu, and Ni, the polymorphic energy degeneracy is lifted and a particular planar structure is found to be most stable. We also show that a layer composed of icosahedral B 12 is unfavorable on Cu and Ni but unexpectedly becomes a possible minimum on Au and Ag. The substrate‐dependent 2D boron choices originate from a competition between the strain energy of buckling and chemical energy of electronic hybridization between boron and metal.
Solanum venturii, a suitable model system for virus-induced gene silencing studies in potato reveals StMKK6 as an important player in plant immunity (2016)

The system employing S. venturii (VNT366-2) and PVY(N)-GFP is a suitable method for fast and simple functional analysis of genes involved in potato-PVY interactions. Additionally, a set of identified VIGS responsive species of wild potato relatives could serve as a tool for general studies of potato gene function.
Approximation metrics for discrete and continuous systems (2006)

Established system relationships for discrete systems, such as language inclusion, simulation, and bisimulation, require system observations to be identical. When interacting with the physical world, modeled by continuous or hybrid systems, exact relationships are restrictive and not robust. In this paper, we develop the first framework of system approximation that applies to both discrete and continuous systems by developing notions of approximate language inclusion, approximate simulation, and approximate bisimulation relations. We define a hierarchy of approximation pseudo-metrics between two systems that quantify the quality of the approximation, and capture the established exact relationships as zero sections. Our approximation framework is compositional for synchronous composition operators. Algorithms are developed for computing the proposed pseudo-metrics, both exactly and approximately. The exact algorithms require the generalization of the fixed point algorithms for computing simulation and bisimulation relations, or dually, the solution a static game whose cost is the so-called branching distance between the systems. Approximations for the pseudo-metrics can be obtained by considering Lyapunov-like functions called simulation and bisimulation functions. We illustrate our approximation framework in reducing the complexity of safety verification problems for both deterministic and nondeterministic continuous systems.
Association of Serial Biochemical Markers With Acute Ischemic Stroke (2006)

This study corroborates previous work demonstrating correlations of MBP, NSE, and S100beta with clinical and radiographic features in acute stroke. Despite significantly better outcomes in the tissue plasminogen activator-treated group, we found no difference in the early release of the 4 biomarkers between treatment groups. Further study will define the role of biomarkers in acute stroke management and prognostication.
Wavelet-based reconstruction for limited-angle X-ray tomography (2006)

The aim of X-ray tomography is to reconstruct an unknown physical body from a collection of projection images. When the projection images are only available from a limited angle of view, the reconstruction problem is a severely ill-posed inverse problem. Statistical inversion allows stable solution of the limited-angle tomography problem by complementing the measurement data by a priori information. In this work, the unknown attenuation distribution inside the body is represented as a wavelet expansion, and a Besov space prior distribution together with positivity constraint is used. The wavelet expansion is thresholded before reconstruction to reduce the dimension of the computational problem. Feasibility of the method is demonstrated by numerical examples using in vitro data from mammography and dental radiology.
A very flexible BiCMOS low-voltage high-performance source follower (2003)

This paper presents a new high performance source follower, which features very low output impedance and excellent driving capability, while only requiring a supply of one threshold plus two saturation voltages. In fact, its output conductance can be increased by a factor>500 with a suitable local loop, making this cell suitable for driving loads up to some tenths of ohms. Using this basic black, a novel class AB push-pull operational amplifier has been designed. It achieves good performance (output quiescent current=1.2 /spl mu/A, peak output current>200 /spl mu/A, max. capacitive load=1 nF), with a supply voltage of 1.3 V and a total power consumption of only 3.7 /spl mu/W.
Mutual Enhancement of Opioid and Adrenergic Receptors by Combinations of Opioids and Adrenergic Ligands Is Reflected in Molecular Complementarity of Ligands: Drug Development Possibilities (2019)

Crosstalk between opioid and adrenergic receptors is well characterized and due to interactions between second messenger systems, formation of receptor heterodimers, and extracellular allosteric binding regions. Both classes of receptors bind both sets of ligands. We propose here that receptor crosstalk may be mirrored in ligand complementarity. We demonstrate that opioids bind to adrenergic compounds with micromolar affinities. Additionally, adrenergic compounds bind with micromolar affinities to extracellular loops of opioid receptors while opioids bind to extracellular loops of adrenergic receptors. Thus, each compound type can bind to the complementary receptor, enhancing the activity of the other compound type through an allosteric mechanism. Screening for ligand complementarity may permit the identification of other mutually-enhancing sets of compounds as well as the design of novel combination drugs or tethered compounds with improved duration and specificity of action.
An Investigation of Void Fraction in the Stratified/Annular Flow Regions in Smooth, Horizontal Tubes (1999)

Refrigerants R134a and R410A have been used for void fraction measurements in smooth&#13;\nhorizontal tubes with diameters between 4mm and 7mm. Quality and mass flux were varied from&#13;\n5% to 90% and 75 kglm2-s to 700 kglm2-s, respectively. Two test loops, one for condensing&#13;\nflows at 35C and the other for evaporating flows at 5C, were used in the investigation. Results&#13;\nshow that near the transition from annular to stratified flow void fraction changed from viscousinertial&#13;\ndependence to gravitational-inertial dominated dependence. An important feature&#13;\nobserved is the annular flow region's relative insensitivity to mass flux while the border region&#13;\nbetween annular and stratified flows is characterized by strong mass flux dependence.
A tandem duplication within the fibrillin 1 gene is associated with the mouse tight skin mutation. (1996)

Mice carrying the Tight skin (Tsk) mutation have thickened skin and visceral fibrosis resulting from an accumulation of extracellular matrix molecules. These and other connective tissue abnormalities have made Tskl + mice models for scleroderma, hereditary emphysema, and myocardial hypertrophy. Previously we localized Tsk to mouse chromosome 2 in a region syntenic with human chromosome 15. The microfibrillar glycoprotein gene, fibrillin 1 (FBN1), on human chromosome 15q, provided a candidate for the Tsk mutation. We now demonstrate that the Tsk chromosome harbors a 30- to 40-kb genomic duplication within the Fbn1 gene that results in a larger than normal in-frame Fbn1 transcript. These findings provide hypotheses to explain some of the phenotypic characteristics of Tskl + mice and the lethality of Tsk/Tsk embryos.
Activity-Based Photosensitizers with Optimized Triplet State Characteristics Toward Cancer Cell Selective and Image Guided Photodynamic Therapy (2022)

Activity-based theranostic photosensitizers are highly attractive in photodynamic therapy as they offer enhanced therapeutic outcome on cancer cells with an imaging opportunity at the same time. However, photosensitizers (PS) cores that can be easily converted to activity-based photosensitizers (aPSs) are still quite limited in the literature. In this study, we modified the dicyanomethylene-4<i>H</i>-chromene (DCM) core with a heavy iodine atom to get two different PSs (DCM<sub>O</sub>-I, I-DCM<sub>O</sub>-Cl) that can be further converted to aPS after simple modifications. The effect of iodine positioning on singlet oxygen generation capacity was also evaluated through computational studies. DCM<sub>O</sub>-I showed better performance in solution experiments and further proved to be a promising phototheranostic scaffold via cell culture studies. Later, a cysteine (Cys) activatable PS based on the DCM<sub>O</sub>-I core (DCM<sub>O</sub>-I-Cys) was developed, which induced selective photocytotoxicity along with a fluorescence turn-on response in Cys rich cancer cells.
<title>Proxy-based approaches for IDCT acceleration</title> (2000)

In the boundary between wired and wireless worlds, proxy-based processing has been recognized as an efficient approach to provide client-specific adaptation to improve the overall performance. For the portable video decoding devices with wireless access ability, fast, low-power decoding is desirable. In this paper, we propose a novel proxy-based framework that is capable of accelerating the IDCT operations performed at the client. We introduce a proxy-specific IDCT algorithm that is not only suitable for the proxy framework, but has fine-grained complexity scalability as well. We then demonstrate the effectiveness of the proxy by two examples. The first example is a simple proxy that is assigned the task of IDCT block classification, which is performed at the client along with the IDCT operation conventionally. Experimental results clearly show the complexity advantage of this method. The second example is a more active proxy. Adaptation to the image statistics is introduced. Simulations of the optimization process based on the average complexity criteria show that the client complexity can be further reduced, while maintaining a low side information overhead. Both examples provide the trade-off between the client-proxy bandwidth increment and the IDCT complexity reduction at the client.
Serial concatenation of LDPC and turbo code for the next generation mobile communications (2005)

The effect of concatenated LDPC (low density parity check) code to improve the performance of turbo code is analyzed in this paper. Turbo code shows error floor at high SNR (signal to noise ratio) region. But LDPC code shows better performance than turbo code without error floor at high SNR. In addition, very simple decoding algorithm can be used for LDPC code. So the concatenation of LDPC and turbo code can be a good choice to get very low BER with low decoding complexity, especially for the next generation multimedia mobile communications.
Persistence Length of Carboxymethyl Cellulose As Evaluated from Size Exclusion Chromatography and Potentiometric Titrations (1998)

The intrinsic persistence length of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is determined by size exclusion chromatography in combination with multiangle laser light scattering (SEC−MALLS) as well as from potentiometric titrations. Samples with degree of substitution (ds) ranging from 0.75 to 1.25 were investigated. The relation between molar mass M and radius of gyration Rg as obtained by SEC−MALLS is determined in 0.02, 0.1, and 0.2 mol L-1 NaNO3. Using the electrostatic wormlike chain theory a bare (intrinsic) persistence length Lp0 of CMC is assessed at 16 nm, irrespective of the degree of substitution. A somewhat lower value (12 nm) is obtained when Odijk's theory for the description of polyelectrolyte dimensions is applied. The difference between Lp0 assessed from both models is discussed briefly. Potentiometric titrations were carried out in NaCl solutions (ranging from 0.01 to 1 mol L-1). From the titrations the radius of the CMC backbone was obtained by application of the model of a uniformly charged cylinder. The radius amounts to 0.95 nm for CMC ds = 0.75, and increases to 1.15 nm for CMC with ds = 1.25. The pK for the intrinsic dissociation constant of the carboxyl groups (i.e., at zero degree of dissociation) amounted to 3.2. Lp0 was also deduced from potentiometric titrations. A model developed by Katchalsky and Lifson, which relates the dissociation behavior of a polyelectrolyte to the stiffness of its chain, was applied to CMC. From analyses of the potentiometric titrations an intrinsic persistence length of 6 nm was deduced. The difference between Lp0 assessed from SEC−MALLS and potentiometric titrations is discussed briefly.
Development of Ni-Based Single Crystal Superalloys for Power-Generation Gas Turbines (2004)

In advanced industrial gas-turbine systems, there has been a great demand for new single crystal (SC) superalloys with an excellent combination of high-temperature creep strength, hot-corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance. In this study, ten nickel-based SC superalloys were designed with the aid of the d-electrons concept. Their chemical compositions were in the range of 1.2-1.5%Ti, 3.8-6.5%Cr, 11%Co, 0-1.4%Mo, 6.5-7.4%Ta, 5.0-6.0%W, 3.6-5.4%Re, 5.1-5.5%Al, 0.12-0.14%Hf and balanced Ni in wt%. A series of experiments such as creep rupture tests, burner rig tests and cyclic oxidation tests were conducted with the heattreated SC specimens of these alloys. All the designed alloys were found to be superior in creep rupture life to a second generation superalloy currently used in the world. In the hot-corrosion resistance estimated from the burner rig tests, any designed alloys were comparable or even superior to a second generation superalloy. The oxidation resistance was very different among the designed alloys, but some of them showed better resistance than a second generation superalloy. Thus the SC alloys containing about 4-5 wt% Re had about 20C higher temperature capability than the second generation superalloy, while exhibiting excellent hotcorrosion resistance and oxidation resistance.
A confocal microwave imaging algorithm for breast cancer detection (2001)

We present a computationally efficient and robust image reconstruction algorithm for breast cancer detection using an ultrawideband confocal microwave imaging system. To test the efficacy of this approach, we have developed a two-dimensional (2-D) anatomically realistic MRI-derived FDTD model of the cancerous breast. The image reconstruction algorithm is applied to FDTD-computed backscatter signals, resulting in a microwave image that clearly identifies the presence and location of the malignant lesion. These simulations demonstrate the feasibility of detecting and imaging small breast tumors using this novel approach.
Genetic Analysis of the Repetitive Carboxyl-Terminal Domain of the Largest Subunit of Mouse RNA Polymerase II (1988)

The carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of the mouse RNA polymerase II largest subunit consists of 52 repeats of a seven-amino-acid block with the consensus sequence Tyr-Ser-Pro-Thr-Ser-Pro-Ser. A genetic approach was used to determine whether the CTD plays an essential role in RNA polymerase function. Deletion, insertion, and substitution mutations were created in the repetitive region of an alpha-amanitin-resistant largest-subunit gene. The effects of these mutations on RNA polymerase II activity were assayed by measuring the ability of mutant genes to confer alpha-amanitin resistance after transfection of susceptible rodent cells. Mutations that resulted in CTDs containing between 36 and 78 repeats had no effect on the transfer of alpha-amanitin resistance, whereas mutations with 25 or fewer repeats were inactive in this assay. Mutations that contained 29, 31, or 32 repeats had an intermediate effect; the number of alpha-amanitin-resistant colonies was lower and the colonies obtained were smaller, indicating that the mutant RNA polymerase II was defective. In addition, not all of the heptameric repeats were functionally equivalent in that repeats that diverged in up to three amino acids from the consensus sequence could not substitute for the conserved heptamer repeats. We concluded that the CTD is essential for RNA polymerase II activity, since substantial mutations in this region result in loss of function.
Individualized versus Standardized Risk Assessment in Patients at High Risk for Adverse Drug Reactions (The IDrug Randomized Controlled Trial)–Never Change a Running System? (2021)

The aim of this study was to compare effects of an individualized with a standardized risk assessment for adverse drug reactions to improve drug treatment with antithrombotic drugs in older adults. A randomized controlled trial was conducted in general practitioner (GP) offices. Patients aged 60 years and older, multi-morbid, taking antithrombotic drugs and at least one additional drug continuously were randomized to individualized and standardized risk assessment groups. Patients were followed up for nine months. A composite endpoint defined as at least one bleeding, thromboembolic event or death reported via a trigger list was used. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. In total, <i>N</i> = 340 patients were enrolled from 43 GP offices. Patients in the individualized risk assessment group met the composite endpoint more often than in the standardized group (OR 1.63 [95%CI 1.02-2.63]) with multiple adjustments. The OR was higher in patients on phenprocoumon treatment (OR 1.99 [95%CI 1.05-3.76]), and not significant on DOAC treatment (OR 1.52 [95%CI 0.63-3.69]). Pharmacogenenetic variants of CYP2C9, 2C19 and VKORC1 were not observed to be associated with the composite endpoint. The results of this study may indicate that the time point for implementing individualized risk assessments is of importance.
Macular relocation after photodynamic therapy for recurrent choroidal neovascular membrane: visual results and histopathological findings (2003)

The findings suggest that the PDT treated part of the CNV may have been adherent to the neuroretina and may have contributed to the formation of the macular hole. Caution is advised when considering MRS for CNV previously treated PDT.