gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hyperactivity of Rac1-GTPase pathway impairs neuritogenesis of cortical neurons by altering actin dynamics (2018)

The small-GTPase Rac1 is a key molecular regulator linking extracellular signals to actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Loss-of-function mutations in RAC1 and other genes of the Rac signaling pathway have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Intellectual Disability (ID). The Rac1 activity is negatively controlled by GAP proteins, however the effect of Rac1 hyperactivity on neuronal networking in vivo has been poorly studied. ArhGAP15 is a Rac-specific negative regulator, expressed in the main subtypes of pyramidal cortical neurons. In the absence of ArhGAP15, cortical pyramidal neurons show defective neuritogenesis, delayed axonal elongation, reduced dendritic branching, both in vitro and in vivo. These phenotypes are associated with altered actin dynamics at the growth cone due to increased activity of the PAK-LIMK pathway and hyperphosphorylation of ADF/cofilin. These results can be explained by shootin1 hypo-phosphorylation and uncoupling with the adhesion system. Functionally, ArhGAP15<sup>-/-</sup> mice exhibit decreased synaptic density, altered electroencephalographic rhythms and cognitive deficits. These data suggest that both hypo- and hyperactivation of the Rac pathway due to mutations in Rac1 regulators can result in conditions of ID, and that a tight regulation of Rac1 activity is required to attain the full complexity of the cortical networks.
Click-Functionalization of Silanized Carbon Nanotubes: From Inorganic Heterostructures to Biosensing Nanohybrids (2023)

Here we present an approach to functionalize silanized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) through copper-free click chemistry for the assembly of inorganic and biological nanohybrids. The nanotube functionalization route involves silanization and strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions (SPACC). This was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. Silane-azide-functionalized SWNTs were immobilized from solution onto patterned substrates through dielectrophoresis (DEP). We demonstrate the general applicability of our strategy for the functionalization of SWNTs with metal nanoparticles (gold nanoparticles), fluorescent dyes (Alexa Fluor 647) and biomolecules (aptamers). In this regard, dopamine-binding aptamers were conjugated to the functionalized SWNTs to perform real-time detection of dopamine at different concentrations. Additionally, the chemical route is shown to selectively functionalize individual nanotubes grown on the surface of silicon substrates, contributing towards future nano electronic device applications.
High prevalence of low serum vitamin B12 in a multi‐ethnic Israeli population (2001)

This study ascertained serum vitamin B12 levels among patients with Gaucher disease and among healthy Israelis. Serum B12 and metabolites' levels were studied in consecutive adult patients with Gaucher disease not treated with enzyme plus Ashkenazi Jewish neighbour-controls, together with healthy blood-donor volunteers of various ethnicities. Each group showed a high incidence of low serum B12 concentrations, with a 22.3% incidence among Ashkenazi Jews and 40% among patients with Gaucher disease. These findings raise questions on the individual and community levels of serum B12. We recommend evaluation of B12 levels among geographically contingent peoples.
Polarization in Electromagnetic Systems (1992)

Wave polarization principles polarization state representations partially polarized waves antenna-wave interaction dual-polarized systems depolarized media and system applications.
Pichinde Virus Infection of Outbred Hartley Guinea Pigs as a Surrogate Animal Model for Human Lassa Fever: Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Analyses (2020)

Lassa virus (LASV) is a mammarenavirus (arenavirus) that causes zoonotic infection in humans that can lead to fatal hemorrhagic Lassa fever (LF) disease. Currently, there are no FDA-approved vaccines or therapeutics against LASV. Development of treatments against LF and other related arenavirus-induced hemorrhagic fevers (AHFs) requires relevant animal models that can recapitulate clinical and pathological features of AHF diseases in humans. Laboratory mice are generally resistant to LASV infection, and non-human primates, while being a good animal model for LF, are limited by their high cost. Here, we describe a small, affordable, and convenient animal model that is based on outbred Hartley guinea pigs infected with Pichinde virus (PICV), a mammarenavirus that is non-pathogenic in humans, for use as a surrogate model of human LF. We conducted a detailed analysis of tissue histopathology and immunohistochemical analysis of different organs of outbred Hartley guinea pigs infected with different PICV strains that show differential disease phenotypes and pathologies. Comparing to infection with the avirulent PICV strain (P2 or rP2), animals infected with the virulent strain (P18 or rP18) show extensive pathological changes in different organs that sustain high levels of virus replication. The similarity of tissue pathology and viral antigen distribution between the virulent PICV-guinea pig model and lethal human LASV infection supports a role of this small animal model as a surrogate model of studying human LF in order to understand its pathogenesis and for evaluating potential preventative and therapeutic options against AHFs.
Report on Drying, Densimetric, and Refractometric Methods (1939)

Journal Article Report on Drying, Densimetric, and Refractometric Methods Get access Carl F Snyder Carl F Snyder Associate Referee National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Volume 22, Issue 3, 1 August 1939, Page 587, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/22.3.587 Published: 18 February 2020
Noise-induced transitions in optomechanical synchronization (2016)

We study how quantum and thermal noise affects synchronization of two optomechanical limit-cycle oscillators. Classically, in the absence of noise, optomechanical systems tend to synchronize either in-phase or anti-phase. Taking into account the fundamental quantum noise, we find a regime where fluctuations drive transitions between these classical synchronization states. We investigate how this "mixed" synchronization regime emerges from the noiseless system by studying the classical-to-quantum crossover and we show how the time scales of the transitions vary with the effective noise strength. In addition, we compare the effects of thermal noise to the effects of quantum noise.
Opening the operating window of impulse drying. II. Pressure differential as a source of delamination (1998)

In recent experiments by Krause (1, 2), sheets exposed to elevated ambient pressures at the nip opening were free of delamination. It was proposed that these elevated ambient pressures reduced the presssure difference across the sheet and thereby eliminated the imbalanced forces that cause delamination. In this work, high-ambient-pressure impluse drying (HAPID) experiments were conducted with thermocouple-containing handsheets to allow the measurement of internal sheet temperatures. The temperature data were used to deduce pressure differences between the inside and outside of the sheets and to relate these to delamination. The results support the view that delamination occurs when the pressure difference across the sheet is too high, and the buildup of internal pressure bursts the sheet. Application : this work has provided an understanding of how delamination may be suppressed during impulse drying. That understanding may then be used to develop practical equipment modifications that will allow substantially higher press roll temperatures to be utilized in impulse drying.
Lift Every Voice and Sing. A Response to "Mathematics for What? High School Students Reflect on Mathematics as a Tool for Social Inquiry" (2015)

In this response, I applaud the work initiated in this research and underscore some of the key reasons I find it so valuable. Building from this, I also issue a call to the greater mathematics education community—particularly the large mathematics professional organizations—to consider the ways their organizations have conceptualized and framed equity work, and invite them to entertain the idea of remapping their visions in ways that are more forward thinking and less traditionally safe.
Effects of epidermal growth factor and insulin on the activity of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (1997)

When quiescent rat hepatocellular carcinoma 7919 cells were treated with epidermal growth factor (EGF) or insulin (stimulators of receptor tyrosine kinase activity), the activity of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V was increased. The effect of EGF reached a maximum after 10 min and remained high for 30 min, while the effect of insulin reached a maximum after 5 min and decreased after 15 min. Preincubation of the cells with 1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methylglycerophosphocholine (Et18-OH3), which blocked the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase by EGF, also blocked the activation of N-acetylglucosamyltransferase V by this hormone, whereas the activation of N-acetylglucosamyltransferase V by insulin could not be blocked by Et18-OH3. Our results suggest that N-acetylglucosamyltransferase V may be regulated by different receptor protein tyrosine kinase pathways.
ChemInform Abstract: An Unprecedented 3D 8‐Connected Pure Inorganic Framework Based on Nanosized {[Na12PO16H24]@ [P4Mo6O31H6] 4}15‐ Clusters and Zinc. (2011)

Abstract H 7 { [Na 12 (PO 4 )(H 2 O) 12 ]@ [Mo 6 O 12 (OH) 3 (HPO 4 ) 3 (PO 4 )] 4 (Zn 6 O 2 )}·38H 2 O is hydrothermally synthesized from an aqueous solution of H 3 PO 3 , Na 2 MoO 4 , and ZnCl 2 (autoclave, pH 4—5, 170 °C, 5 d; 62% yield).
Non-A non-B acute aortic dissection with entry tear in the aortic arch (2022)

Non-A non-B acute aortic dissection reveals a frequently complicated course requiring emergency intervention. The majority of patients required aortic arch repair within the first 2 weeks. Total arch replacement with the frozen elephant trunk technique seems to be low procedural mortality, and may become the treatment of choice in arch entry non-A non-B aortic dissection.
Formal Methods in the Robin project: Specification and verification of the Nova microhypervisor (2007)

Contains fulltext : 34743.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)
Nonlinear mitigation using carrier phase estimation and digital backward propagation in coherent QAM transmission (2014)

We investigate the performance of carrier phase estimation (CPE) and digital backward propagation (DBP) in compensating fiber nonlinearity for 224Gbps PM-4QAM and PM-16QAM coherent systems. In the presence of CPE, the number of DBP steps can be reduced.
A Novel and Useful Descriptor for Hydrophobicity, Partition Coefficient Micellar-Water, and Its Application to a QSAR Study of Antiplatelet Agents (1994)

Herein we describe the introduction and application of a novel and useful descriptor, logarithm of micelle-water partition coefficients (log Pmw), for hydrophobicity of compounds. A QSAR study using log Pmw on antiplatelet activities ex vivo of 2-substituted phenyl and benzimidazolyl-5-methyl-4-(3-pyridyl)imidazoles showed its usefulness. Antiplatelet activities could be rationalized by means of only log Pmw with an excellent correlation (r = 0.772, s = 0.257, F = 11.07 **, n = 18), while use of other descriptors such as CLOGP values and retention factors (k') failed. Pmw values can easily be obtained using a normal HPLC system using a micelle aqueous solution as the mobile phase. HPLC techniques offer the advantage of tolerating lower sample purity, smaller sample size, and being dynamic range, compared with the flask-shaking method for measurement of logarithm of 1-octanol/water partition coefficients (log P), which is widely used in QSAR study. These indicated that log Pmw could be a useful descriptor for hydrophobicity of compounds.
Study on Spatial Distribution Feature of Industry Population of Taiyuan from 1990 (2015)

There are a dozen of resource-based cities in China, which had been positioned as the prosperity ground of the heavy industry in the early days. With the improvement of the whole country's socio-economic level, the gradual expansion of the city, the upgrading of the secondary industry, these industrial city have gradually moved the heavy industry enterprises to the suburban area or even to the outskirts of the city region, and the corresponding spatial distribution of industry population has also shifted quickly during this period. In order to define the characteristics and regular pattern of the migration period of the second industrial population, provide consultations of industrial land layout and construction of the urban centers for these resource-based cities, this paper takes Taiyuan, a typical resource-based city as the study subject. Using the GIS technology to reflect the secondary industry population to micro-level between 1990 to 2010 to the land space of the city center, this research refines the evolution of the second industrial population size and density characteristics, summarizes the evolution of the moving pattern in order to promote and improve the urban construction and development of Taiyuan during the transition period.
History Interactions and Current Status of the Polymers in Concrete (1994)

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Aging effects in pentacene thin-film transistors: Analysis of the density of states modification (2006)

Field effect analysis has been employed in order to calculate the density of states of high quality pentacene thin-film transistors. The degradation of the electrical characteristics caused by the exposure to air has been studied and discussed in term of density of states modification. The calculated density of the states has been approximated by two exponential terms, as in amorphous silicon, and it has been used in a two-dimensional numerical simulation in order to reproduce the electrical characteristic variation with respect of the temperature and aging time.
Berotralstat (BCX7353): Structure-Guided Design of a Potent, Selective, and Oral Plasma Kallikrein Inhibitor to Prevent Attacks of Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) (2021)

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare and potentially life-threatening disease that affects an estimated 1 in 50 000 individuals worldwide. Until recently, prophylactic HAE treatment options were limited to injectables, a burdensome administration route that has driven the need for an oral treatment. A substantial body of evidence has shown that potent and selective plasma kallikrein inhibitors that block the generation of bradykinin represent a promising approach for the treatment of HAE. Berotralstat (BCX7353, discovered by BioCryst Pharmaceuticals using a structure-guided drug design strategy) is a synthetic plasma kallikrein inhibitor that is potent and highly selective over other structurally related serine proteases. This once-daily, small-molecule drug is the first orally bioavailable prophylactic treatment for HAE attacks, having successfully completed a Phase III clinical trial (meeting its primary end point) and recently receiving the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's approval for the prophylactic treatment of HAE attacks in patients 12 years and older.
Impulse Detectors for Noised Sequences (2001)

This paper is focused on a problem of impulse detection in thedynamic image environments corrupted by impulse noise. Using a proposedarchitecture that includes an impulse detector and the median filter,the effective methods can be designed. Thus, the image points areclassified into two classes such as a class of noise free samples and aclass of noised image points. In the case of impulse detection theestimate is performed by a median filter whereas a noise free sample ispassed on the output without the change i.e. system works as anidentity filter.
Developing a comprehensive Drift Reduction Technology risk assessment scheme (2014)

Abstract Drift Reduction Technologies (DRTs) are becoming increasingly important for improving spray applications in many countries including New Zealand (NZ). Although there is a growing database on the performance of DRTs, there is no rating system showing the effectiveness of the DRT’s performance. In Europe, DRTs are classified relative to current reference technologies as part of the rating systems used to establish spray drift risk reduction. We have recommended some key elements of such a comprehensive exposure risk reduction scheme for any country, based on prior and on-going research into the performance of specific DRTs in row, tree, and vine crops. Our intention was to create a rating system to determine the effectiveness of a given technology. This rating system would improve spray application practices and environmental stewardship for a wide range of crops and application scenarios.
Cation-Exchange Purification of Mutagenized Bovine β-Casein Expressed in Transgenic Mouse Milk: Its Putative Asn68-Linked Glycan Is Heterogeneous (2001)

Bovine beta-casein (A2 genetic variant) was mutagenized to (L70S/P71S) and expressed in transgenic mouse milk. This protein now carries the signal (N68S69S70S71) that mimics a consensus eukaryotic glycosylation signal (N-X-S/T) (3). Hypothetically this protein should be glycosylated at N68 by any eukaryotic organism producing it. This novel protein was purified from transgenic mouse milk by Mono-S cation-exchange fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC). The novel beta-casein was separated without cross contamination from mouse caseins by using acetate buffer (pH 5.0) in the presence of 6 M urea, octyl-glucopyranoside and 2-beta-mercaptoethanol. The purified (L70S/P71S) beta-casein showed an N-linked oligosaccharide attached to Asn68 and different lectin binding profiles compared with the same protein expressed in yeast. The mouse-expressed beta-casein (L70S/P71S) was specific to Concanavalin A, wheat germ agglutinin, Erythrina cristagalli agglutinin, and Ulex europaeus, indicating its oligosaccharide structure is different in the mammary gland of mouse than the reported glycosylated beta-casein expressed in Pichia pastoris (4). In addition, the five serine residues located at amino terminus of wild type bovine beta-casein were shown to be normally phosphorylated as in native bovine beta-casein.
Application of convergent beam electron diffraction to two-dimensional strain mapping in silicon devices (2003)

A method of obtaining quantitative two-dimensional (2D) maps of strain by the convergent beam electron diffraction technique in a transmission electron microscope is described. It is based on the automatic acquisition of a series of diffraction patterns generated from digital rastering the electron spot in a matrix of points within a selected area of the sample. These patterns are stored in a database and the corresponding strain tensor at each point is calculated, thus yielding a 2D strain map. An example of application of this method to cross-sectioned cells fabricated for the 0.15 μm technology of flash memories is reported.
A new perspective for decoupling closely spaced polarized antennas (2013)

The paper describes a fresh look into the old problem of decoupling closely spaced antennas relying on the antenna polarization properties. The new perspective relies on modeling the near-field antenna cross-coupling as a local multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channel. The approach provides a simple intuitive understanding of the decoupling mechanism and can predict the coupling conditions of the multiple antenna system before running electromagnetic simulations. Finally, we show how to utilize such approach for accessing the antenna polarization degrees of freedom for obtaining a high level of antenna isolation required for certain applications like the transmitter-receiver isolation.
Role of heme oxygenase-1 in endotoxemic acute renal failure (2005)

The pathogenesis of septic acute renal failure (ARF) involves systemic vasodilation with compensatory upregulation of vasoconstrictors. This can lead to renal vasoconstriction and ARF. Heme oxygenase (HO) is the rate-limiting step in heme metabolism and produces carbon monoxide (CO) and biliverdin. HO-1 is an inducible form of the enzyme and is expressed in response to cell injury. It was hypothesized in endotoxemia, induction of HO-1 would lead to increased production of the vasodilator CO, lower blood pressure, and decrease renal function. The role of HO-1 was therefore examined in a mouse model of endotoxemia. One group of mice received LPS alone and were compared with mice that received LPS in addition to an inhibitor of HO-1, zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP). Treatment of mice with LPS resulted in significant increases in the protein expression of HO-1 compared with controls treated with vehicle. Immunohistochemical analysis localized this upregulation to both the proximal and distal tubules as well as the vasculature. Hemodynamic studies were performed during endotoxemia and the mean arterial pressure (MAP) was found to be significantly higher in the HO-1 inhibitor-treated compared with vehicle-treated mice (78 +/- 3 vs. 64 +/- 2 mmHg, P < 0.01). It was found that the inhibitor group had higher renal blood flows (RBF) also during endotoxemia (1.8 +/- 0.2 vs. 0.68 +/- 0.1 ml/min, P < 0.01). Furthermore, when renal vascular resistance (RVR) was calculated, there was a significant decrease in RVR in the inhibitor group (43.5 +/- 3.4 vs. 95.9 +/- 11.3 mmHg.ml(-1).min(-1), P < 0.01). In concert with the hemodynamic data, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), as measured by inulin clearance, was higher in the HO inhibitor compared with the vehicle controls during endotoxemia (111.5 +/- 19.5 vs. 66.0 +/- 3.5 microl/min, P < 0.05). In summary, during endotoxemia ARF, inhibiting HO-1 with ZnPP resulted in the protection of renal function. The renal protection was associated with significantly improved systemic hemodynamics, less renal vasoconstriction, and a higher GFR.
Factors causing uncertainties in outdoor wireless wearable communications (2003)

Wearable computers are becoming increasingly popular as new features emerge and device portability improves-making them suitable for accessing multimedia services on the move. Wireless LANs are compatible with Ethernet and asynchronous-transfer-mode-based fiber-optic networks, providing high mobility to user nodes while integrated and connected to high-speed networks wired with broadband. With a range covering several kilometers, WLANs are advantageous for providing multimedia services to wearable computers. Various factors influence the operation of wirelessly connected wearable computers, but we emphasize the rainfall influence.