gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characteristic tunnel-type conductivity and magnetoresistance in a CoO-coated monodispersive Co cluster assembly (1999)

We have studied electrical conductivity, σ, and magnetoresistance in a CoO-coated monodispersive Co cluster assembly fabricated by a plasma–gas–aggregation-type cluster beam deposition technique. The temperature dependence of σ is described in the form of log σ vs 1/T for 7&amp;lt;T&amp;lt;80 K. The magnetoresistance ratio (ρ0−ρ3T)/ρ0 increases sharply with decreasing temperature below 25 K: from 3.5% at 25 K to 20.5% at 4.2 K. This marked increase (by a factor of 6) is much larger than those observed for conventional metal–insulator granular systems. These results are ascribed to the Coulomb blockade effect in the monodispersed cluster assemblies.
Innovative Intraoperative Titanium Mesh Preparation for Safer Implantation (2013)

Titanium meshes have been extensively used in craniomaxillofacial surgery. The benefits of these titanium implants include being inert, stable, and radiopaque and having good drainage properties. The titanium mesh is cut to shape and bent before implantation, which may give rise to the cut edges being jagged and sharp. This can lead to soft tissue being caught or lacerated by these sharp ends. A change in technique to cut and shape the implant may reduce this problem. The implant should be cut right at the end of the bars flush with the remaining parts of the implant. We present a new and simple method for smoothing these troublesome edges. We use the diathermy scratch pad or tip cleaner, a tool used frequently in every major surgery. This scratch pad can be used as a rasp to smoothen the edges of the titanium mesh once it is cut into shape.
Chemical structure and sweet taste of isocoumarins and related compounds (1979)

The relationship between sweetness and chemical strucure of 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins was studied because of the interest in the structure of phyllodulcin, the only sweet tasting compound among the naturally occurring 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins. It was found by structural modification of phyllodulcin and the syntheses of various derivatives that β-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl) ethylbenzene (XIII) is the essential part of sweet tasting 3,4-dihydroissocoumarins. Further studies on the structural modification of XIII were undertaken to make the relationship between structure and sweet taste clearer. The application of the information obtained from the structure-sweetness relationship of 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins to the design of other series of sweet compounds was attempted. The resulting chroman (LXXXVII), isochroman (LXXXVI), flavanone (LXXXIX), and dihydrochalcone (XCV) derivatives are potently sweet, as was predicted. From these results, it may be concluded that the relationship between sweetness and structure of 5-hydroxyflavanones or dihydrochalcones lacking a glycoside moiety is similar to that of the 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins.
Large-area transmission and reflection imaging with 640&#x00D7;480 pixel terahertz camera (2015)

An active terahertz (THz) imaging system that can easily be switched between a transmission and a reflection mode is developed. The system consists of a compact THz source that operates at room temperature, optical system utilizing polarization and two 640×480 pixel uncooled THz cameras. In order to take an image of a large sample, a part of the imaging system is moved at a fixed distance and a series of images taken are combined to one elongated image. Concealed nonmetallic object detection in an envelope is demonstrated.
Histologic variants of fibrous papule (2005)

Fibrous papules (FPs) are common benign lesions usually of the face. Most are readily recognizable histologically, although several variants exist that may not be as easily diagnosed. These include hypercellular, clear cell, pigmented, pleomorphic, and inflammatory variants. A granular cell variant has also been described. We microscopically evaluated 212 FPs, and of those, 184 demonstrated features of one of the variants. We conclude that variants of FP may be encountered not uncommonly. Dermatopathologists should be aware of these to avoid misdiagnosis.
Estimating Markov model structures (2002)

The author investigates the derivation of Markov model structures from text corpora. The structure of a Markov model is its number of states plus the set of outputs and transitions with non-zero probability. The domain of the investigated models is part-of-speech tagging. The investigations concern two methods to derive Markov models and their structures. Both are able to form categories and allow words to belong to more than one of them. The first method is model merging, which starts with a large and corpus-specific model and successively merges states to generate smaller and more general models. The second method is model splitting, which is the inverse procedure and starts with a small and general model. States are successively split to generate larger and more specific models. In an experiment, the author shows that the combination of these techniques yields tagging accuracies that are at least equivalent to those of standard approaches.
Diffraction Efficiency and Selectivity of Polarization Holographic Recording (1984)

Polarization holographic recording, based on photoinducing optical anisotropy in the recording material, is examined. The properties (diffraction efficiency and selectivity) are discussed for two types of polarization modulation—recording with two orthogonal linear polarized waves and recording with two orthogonal circular polarized waves. It is shown that in polarization recording in materials with intrinsic birefringence, there is a gradual transition between the two types of polarization modulation. In this combined type of recording both the diffraction efficiency of the holograms and the polarization of the diffracted wave depend on the polarization of the reconstructing wave.
Synthesis of a New Potent Anti-angiogenic Agent, 17.ALPHA.-Acetoxy-9.ALPHA.-fluoro-6.ALPHA.-methylprogesterone (9.ALPHA.-Fluoromedroxyprogesterone acetate(FMPA)). (1997)

A new anti-angiogenic agent, 17 alpha-acetoxy-9 alpha-fluoro-6 alpha-methylprogesterone (9 alpha-fluoromedoroxyprogesterone acetate [FMPA, 9] was synthetized in a 10-step sequence. FMPA (9) had about two orders of magnitude stronger anti-angiogenic activity than medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), as estimated in a bioassay involving chorioallantoic membranes of growing chick embryos.
SOIL QUALITY AND ITS DYNAMICS IN AREA JOINING TOWN AND COUNTRY ——A CASE STUDY OF KAIFENG CITY (2001)

Situated in between the central city and surrounding typical agricultural region, the area joining town and country is a transitional belt of land use, society and population which has dual features of rural and urban district. Soil quality refers to the capacities of soil for sustainable crop productivity, environmental quality and health of biota in the ecosystem. Based on the practical sampling and research, this article selects certain parameters including pH, organism, total nitrogen, quick\|acting phosphorus, quick-acting kalium and cation substitution to modify Nemoro Fomular and assess the overall soil quality and quality of soils under different land use patterns. The results indicated that vegetable land is the best and dry land is the worst. The paper probes into dynamics of soil quality based on the comparisons of present conditions with that in the 1982, which revealed that soil quality decreased from 1982 to 1998 and total nitrogen and quick\|acting phosphorus are accountable for the soil quality changes. It also puts forward measures maintaining and improving soil quality in the area joining town and country of Kaifeng.
High-Resolution Timer-Based Packet Pacing Mechanism on the Linux Operating System (2011)

Packet pacing is a well-known technique for reducing the short-time-scale burstiness of traffic, and software-based packet pacing has been categorized into two approaches: the timer interrupt-based approach and the gap packet-based approach. The former was originally hard to implement for Gigabit class networks because it requires the operating system to handle too frequent periodic timer interrupts, thus incurring a large overhead. On the other hand, a gap packet-based packet pacing mechanism achieves precise pacing without depending on the timer resolution. However, in order to guarantee the accuracy of rate control, the system must be able to transmit packets at the wire rate. In this paper, we propose a high-resolution timer-based packet pacing mechanism that determines the transmission timing of packets by using a sub-microsecond resolution timer. The high-resolution timer is a light-weight mechanism compared to the traditional low-resolution periodic timer. With recent progress in hardware protocol offload technologies and multicore-aware network protocol stacks, we believe high-resolution timer-based packet pacing has become practical. Our experimental results show that the proposed mechanism can work on a wider range of systems without degrading the accuracy of rate control. However, a higher CPU load is observed when the number of traffic classes increases, compared to a gap packet-based pacing mechanism.
Supplementary Table 6 from Upregulation of miR-196a and <i>HOTAIR</i> Drive Malignant Character in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;XLS file - 23K, GO analysis of differentially expressed genes in GISTs with and without miR-196a overexpression&lt;/p&gt;
Robust tracking via weighted spatio-temporal context learning (2014)

Designing a robust visual tracker is a challenging problem due to many disturbed factors such as illumination changes, appearance changes, rotation, partial or full occlusions, etc. Among numerous existed trackers, correlation filter based tracker is a fast and robust method with resistance to the above-mentioned factors. Motivated by that, spatio-temporal context (STC) learning algorithm is proposed, which considers the information of the context around the target and achieved better performance. However, STC treats the whole region of the context equally, which weakens the effectiveness of the context information. In this paper, we propose a novel weighted spatio-temporal context (WSTC) learning algorithm. Our algorithm considers the surrounding context discriminatively and integrates a weighted map by evaluating the importance of different regions. Extensive experimental results on various benchmark databases show that our algorithm outperforms the STC algorithm and the other state-of-the-art algorithms.
4J-5 A 3D Elastography System Based on the Concept of Ultrasound-Computed Tomography for In Vivo Breast Examination (2006)

Elastography holds great promises for the additional characterization of lesions especially in the domain of breast cancer diagnosis. Most ultrasound based approaches have so far been limited to a one dimensional (1D) or at most two dimensional (2D) displacement estimation in one plane. This leads for the general case to sparse data which cannot be used to solve the full three dimensional (3D) wave equation in an unbiased manner. For instance contributions from the compressional wave cannot be removed via application of the curl operator. In order to overcome this limitation we developed an ultrasound based elastography system which uses the concept of computed tomography for data acquisition in combination with 2D vector displacement estimation within the plane of the ultrasound beam. The vector displacement estimation is achieved using the concept of adaptive subapertures during the receive beamforming process. The object of interest is scanned using a conventional ultrasonic probe (4 MHz, 128 elements) from different directions on a circular orbit. The transducer is translated perpendicular to the orbit (~10 times) for each angle which leads to several block datasets (~30 blocks) each containing 2D displacement information. Thereby, the displacement of each voxel within the object is measured several times from different directions. This provides high resolution volumic 3D displacement fields after regridding each dataset from polar to Cartesian coordinates. The data acquisition system is contained within a water tank underneath a standard breast biopsy table. This enables in vivo measurements with the patient in prone position. Thereby, the 3D acquisition as already developed in the area of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), is brought to the ultrasonic field. Initial phantom experiments were conducted with steady state mechanical excitation at 150 Hz. Inclusions are clearly visible in the complex shear modulus as reconstructed from inverting the full 3D wave equation. Taking benefit of the ultrafast acquisition speed of our ultrasound system, the proposed method allows to measure volumic datasets within clinically acceptable time. The method provides for each voxel of the 3D volume the frequency dependence of the complex shear modulus which in turn is linked to the underlying rheology of the material. This represents the proof of concept for a spectroscopic approach of elastography suitable for clinical application. The system enables the study of rheological properties of tumors which should further extend the diagnostic gain of elastography
KRAS G12C Inhibition with Sotorasib in Advanced Solid Tumors (2020)

Sotorasib showed encouraging anticancer activity in patients with heavily pretreated advanced solid tumors harboring the <i>KRAS</i> p.G12C mutation. Grade 3 or 4 treatment-related toxic effects occurred in 11.6% of the patients. (Funded by Amgen and others; CodeBreaK100 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03600883.).
Bezel-Tap gestures (2013)

We present Bezel-Tap Gestures, a novel family of interaction techniques for immediate interaction on handheld tablets regardless of whether the device is alive or in sleep mode. The technique rests on the close succession of two input events: first a bezel tap, whose detection by accelerometers will awake an idle tablet almost instantly, then a screen contact. Field studies confirmed that the probability of this input sequence occurring by chance is very low, excluding the accidental activation concern. One experiment examined the optimal size of the vocabulary of commands for all four regions of the bezel (top, bottom, left, right). Another experiment evaluated two variants of the technique which both allow two-level selection in a hierarchy of commands, the initial bezel tap being followed by either two screen taps or a screen slide. The data suggests that Bezel-Tap Gestures may serve to design large vocabularies of micro-interactions with a sleeping tablet.
Exact both construction of Lyapunov function and asymptotic stability domain determination (2002)

The problem of an accurate one-shot construction of a Lyapunov function and the problem of an exact one-shot determination of the asymptotic stability domain are solved for a nonlinear dynamical system with continuous motions. The solutions are based on O-uniquely bounded sets, which are explained. A choice of an O-uniquely bounded set is arbitrary in a given class to generate the Lyapunov function.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Growth Arrest of the Distal Radius following a Metaphyseal Fracture: Case Report and Review of the Literature (2002)

We report a 12-year-old girl who developed growth arrest of the distal radius physis 9 months after sustaining a complete fracture of the distal radial and ulnar metaphysis with no involvement of the physis evident at time of injury. The girl sustained a fracture of the metaphysis of her right distal radius and ulna after a fall. Anterior-posterior, lateral and oblique radiographs at injury, and during subsequent healing show no evidence of the fracture involving the physis. She was treated with closed reduction and casting for 6 weeks and healed uneventfully. She returned 4 month later concerned about distal ulnar prominence. Radiographs revealed a loss of radial tilt and with suspicion of a physeal bar. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a physeal bar located in the dorsal radial region. A literature search of the Medline database was used to obtain prior case reports for review purpose. The patient underwent an epiphysiodesis of the distal radius and ulna along with an opening wedge osteotomy and bone grafting of the distal radius to restore radial height and inclination. She healed without complication and with restoration of the normal relationship of the distal radius and ulna. A review of the literature reveals five reported case of distal radial metaphyseal fractures not invloving the physis leading to growth arrest. By comparison, there are 31 reported cases of distal radius physeal arrest following fractures involving the physis. The physician should be aware that common distal radius metaphyseal fractures may rarely lead to growth arrest.
Engineering Ribosomes to Alleviate Abiotic Stress in Plants: A Perspective (2022)

As the centerpiece of the biomass production process, ribosome activity is highly coordinated with environmental cues. Findings revealing ribosome subgroups responsive to adverse conditions suggest this tight coordination may be grounded in the induction of variant ribosome compositions and the differential translation outcomes they might produce. In this perspective, we go through the literature linking ribosome heterogeneity to plants' abiotic stress response. Once unraveled, this crosstalk may serve as the foundation of novel strategies to custom cultivars tolerant to challenging environments without the yield penalty.
Time-Sharing Parallel Applications with Performance Isolation and Control (2007)

Most parallel machines, such as clusters, are space-shared in order to isolate batch parallel applications from each other and optimize their performance. However, this leads to low utilization or potentially long waiting times. We propose a self-adaptive approach to time-sharing such machines that provides isolation and allows the execution rate of an application to be tightly controlled by the administrator. Our approach combines a periodic real-time scheduler on each node with a global feedback-based control system that governs the local schedulers. We have developed an online system that implements our approach. The system takes as input a target execution rate for each application, and automatically and continuously adjusts the applications' realtime schedules to achieve those rates with proportional CPU utilization. Target rates can be dynamically adjusted. Applications are performance-isolated from each other and from other work that is not using our system. We present an extensive evaluation that shows that the system remains stable with low response times, and that our focus on CPU isolation and control does not come at the significant expense of network I/O, disk I/O, or memory isolation.
Direct-to-video holographic 3-D imaging using photorefractive multiple quantum well devices (1998)

Customised photorefractive quantum well devices have been developed for real-time video acquisition of coherence-gated, three-dimensional images. Holographic imaging with direct video capture has been demonstrated. The technique has been applied to 3-D imaging through turbid media with 50 mm transverse and 60 mm depth resolution being achieved using near infrared light through a phantom of 13 mean free paths scattering depth. Spectrally-resolved holographic imaging has also been demonstrated.
Proteolytic catabolite inactivation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1989)

Fermentable sugars, when added to cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae growing on a non-fermentable carbon source, cause repression of the synthesis of certain enzymes ("catabolite repression") and in addition inactivation of a smaller group of enzymes ("catabolite inactivation"). Enzymes for which "catabolite inactivation" has been observed are listed herein. In five cases, it has been shown that the mechanism of catabolite inactivation is proteolytic in nature. Our present knowledge on the conditions and the mechanisms of initiation of inactivation and the biological significance of the proteolytic inactivation is summarized for these five enzymes: cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase, aminopeptidase I, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and isocitrate lyase. With the exception of aminopeptidase I, these enzymes are key enzymes of gluconeogenesis in S. cerevisiae. It is obvious that gluconeogenesis is no longer necessary, if a fermentable carbon source is available.
Advanced Structural Finite Element Modeling: of Arterial Walls for Patient-Specific Geometries (2010)

This dissertation is concerned with an advanced finite-element approach to model the arterial wall in structural simulations of patient-specific vessel geometries. The arterial wall is characterized by large deformations and strains as well as material inhomogeneity, anisotropy, viscoelasticity, and continuous remodeling. Its structural behavior is therefore highly non-linear. With the help of a number of efficient numerical methods a modeling approach is developed which is well suited especially for patient-specific problems. Examples of real geometries of the aortic arch and the iliac bifurcations demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.
Antimicrobial activity of a chlorhexidine intravascular catheter site gel dressing (2011)

The CHG intravascular catheter site gel dressing had detectable antimicrobial activity for up to 7 days, which should suppress bacterial growth on the skin at the catheter insertion site, thereby reducing the risk of infection.
Fault Diagnosis of Advanced Wind Turbine Benchmark using Interval-based ARRs and Observers (2015)

This paper proposes a model-based fault diagnosis (FD) approach for wind turbines and its application to a realistic wind turbine FD benchmark. The proposed FD approach combines the use of analytical redundancy relations (ARRs) and interval observers. Interval observers consider an unknown but bounded description of the model parametric uncertainty and noise using the the so-called set-membership approach. This approach leads to formulate the fault detection test by means of checking if the measurements fall inside the estimated output interval, obtained from the mathematical model of the wind turbine and noise/parameter uncertainty bounds. Fault isolation is based on considering a set of ARRs obtained from the structural analysis of the wind turbine model and a fault signature matrix that considers the relation of ARRs and faults. The proposed FD approach has been validated on a 5-MW wind turbine using the National Renewable Energy Laboratory FAST simulator. The obtained results are presented and compared with that of other approaches proposed in the literature.
Application of spectral reflectivity to the measurement of thin-film thickness (2003)

The aim of this work is to investigate the application of the spectral reflectance technique to thickness measurement of highly localised semi-transparent coatings on miniature geometries, such as those used in the medical devices industry. The paper will describe the application of the technique to coatings on curved or non-uniform surfaces such as narrow-bore metal tubes and thin wires. The paper will describe the equipment used including a spectrometer with micro-focus attachment, and optical modelling software. This work also involved laser-drilling of the polymer films to allow complementary step-height measurements to be made. Special steps were also required to overcome problems in measurement due to the transparency of the thin films. Complementary techniques including white-light interferometry, which were used to benchmark the method, will also be described.