gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Humoral and Mucosal Immune Responses to Human Norovirus in the Elderly (2020)

Salivary IgA levels strongly correlated with serum IgA titers and blockade antibodies and remained elevated 3 months after a norovirus outbreak. A single salivary sample collected on day 14 could be used to identify recent infection in a suspected outbreak or to monitor population salivary IgA.
Predictive Data Stream Filtering (2011)

In multimedia stream matching applications, user experience is becoming more and more important. In this paper, we study the problem of predictive stream matching, where a large number of queries are evaluated before the actual stream data arrive. This is equivalent to developing predictive algorithms for the filters registered on data streams. To this end, We propose to efficiently order the pipeline filters in multimedia streams under the Marko assumption. Our experimental evaluations validate that our predictive data stream filtering framework is able to provide an efficient solution for evaluating large number of queries on streams.
Interhemispheric Supratentorial Cysts (2020)

Interhemispheric supratentorial cystic-like fluid collections may be occasional findings occurring during the routine second trimester ultrasound screening. The correct diagnosis of the origin of the cyst is necessary for an adequate counseling: In most cases, the cyst is a benign finding but sometimes it can be the sign of a serious abnormality with neurological sequelae. They may be located from the anterior to the posterior aspect of the brain in three regions: (1) the area of the anterior complex [cavum septi pellucidi (CSP)]/cavum vergae (CV), frontal horns of the lateral ventricles, genu of the corpus callosum (GCC); (2) the intermediate zone (thalami and third ventricle); (3) the area of the posterior complex [arachnoidal space delimited by the medial walls of the occipital lobes and the splenium of the corpus callosum (CC)]. Cysts of the anterior complex include dilatation of the CSP/CV and agenesis of septum pellucidum (ASP). A cystic structure in the intermediate zone may be due to dilatation of the third ventricle in case of aqueductal stenosis (AS) or agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC). Interhemispheric cysts located in the area of the posterior complex are arachnoidal cysts originating from the cavum veli interpositi, the quadrigeminal and suprasellar cisterns. In order to define the correct location and consequent clinical significance of the cyst, a complete neurosonogram is needed with the midsagittal view being the most informative plane.
Combination of aquifer thermal energy storage and enhanced bioremediation: resilience of reductive dechlorination to redox changes (2015)

To meet the demand for sustainable energy, aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) is widely used in the subsurface in urban areas. However, contamination of groundwater, especially with chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs), is often being encountered. This is commonly seen as an impediment to ATES implementation, although more recently, combining ATES and enhanced bioremediation of CVOCs has been proposed. Issues to be addressed are the high water flow velocities and potential periodic redox fluctuation that accompany ATES. A column study was performed, at a high water flow velocity of 2 m/h, simulating possible changes in subsurface redox conditions due to ATES operation by serial additions of lactate and nitrate. The impacts of redox changes on reductive dechlorination as well as the microbial response of Dehalococcoides (DHC) were evaluated. The results showed that, upon lactate addition, reductive dechlorination proceeded well and complete dechlorination from cis-DCE to ethene was achieved. Upon subsequent nitrate addition, reductive dechlorination immediately ceased. Disruption of microorganisms' retention was also immediate and possibly detached DHC which preferred attaching to the soil matrix under biostimulation conditions. Initially, recovery of dechlorination was possible but required bioaugmentation and nutrient amendment in addition to lactate dosing. Repeated interruption of dechlorination and DHC activity by nitrate dosing appeared to be less easily reversible requiring more efforts for regenerating dechlorination. Overall, our results indicate that the microbial resilience of DHC in biosimulated ATES conditions is sensitive to redox fluctuations. Hence, combining ATES with bioremediation requires dedicated operation and monitoring on the aquifer geochemical conditions.
Magnetic iron oxide nanocubes: Effect of annealing on the formation of a monolayer (2020)

&lt;br/&gt;Over the last decade, nanoparticles have become particles of great research interest because of their inherent chemical compositions such as size, shape, ability to be coated by other molecules and control over their magnetic properties. Assembly of these particles into a monolayer allows their properties to be harnessed and applied in various fields of studies. One method that has been adopted to enable this monolayer formation is the annealing of nanoparticles.&lt;br/&gt;The goal of this experiment was to anneal decanoic acid coated iron oxide nanocubes at different temperatures and time intervals, to find the optimal conditions for the formation of a smooth monolayer. Using the spin casting method, the magnetic iron oxide nanocubes were spun onto a Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) grid, where they were subjected to different conditions of plasma cleaning, temperatures and annealing times. The grids were then imaged under TEM at different magnifications. Using the program, Image J, it was found that the nanocubes maintained their shape and the mean cubic length of 15.5 nm at temperatures ranging from 100 u2013 150 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C. The results so far indicates that plasma cleaning of TEM grids can hinder the formation of a uniform monolayer. This could be due to the unfavorable interaction between hydrophobic decanoic acid coating of nanocubes and the hydrophilic TEM grid.&lt;br/&gt;
A dialogue moderator for program specification dialogues in the PSI system (1980)

This thesis describes work that has been done with the aim of making it easier to specify a program to a computer. A system has been programmed to engage in a topic initiative with the user--that is, a dialogue where both parties can influence the order in which topics are covered.
In addition to describing a specific system called DM, a module of the PSI Program Synthesis System, we will discuss the general ideas of initiative and structure in dialogues and will establish connections between these ideas and those of expectations and speech acts. The main emphasis will be on viewing a dialogue as a means by which the participants achieve a goal.
In discussing how a system can handle mixed initiative dialogue we will consider the problems of choosing one question to ask (out of all those logically possible at a given time) and handling (discussion during the dialogue about the structure of the dialogue).
The PSI System, of which the Dialogue Moderator (DM) described here is a part, engages in a mixed initiative dialogue with a user who is specifying a program. DM is the module of PSI responsibile for following and guiding the flow of topics in this dialogue and for helping discuss this topic flow with the user. After describing the reasons for having a separate dialogue moderator module we will discuss the mechanisms that DM uses for choosing which question to ask, how these mechanisms have been tested, and how mechanisms for meta-dialogue might be added to them.
It will be seen that if a system is to engage in mixed topic initiative dialogue, that is, if the system's choice of topic is to be sensitive to what the user says, then it is advantageous to have a separate dialogue moderator. DM chooses a question to ask by a process of rule-directed search on a network representing the structure of the dialogue. It will be seen that this mechanism is effective and flexible. It also appears reasonable that mechanisms for handling meta-dialogue might be integrated with this mechanism for question choice.
Ethyl Ethoxymethylenecyanoacetate (2001)

(R = Et)5 [94-05-3] C8H11NO3 (MW 169.20) (E) [42466-67-1] C6H7NO3 (MW 141.14) (Z) [42466-69-3] (R = Me)4, 5 [13974-74-8] (E) [55883-89-1] (Z) [71363-40-1] (push–pull alkene;1 N-heterocycle synthesis; 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition;2 1,4-addition–elimination (AdN-E)3) Physical Data: R = Et, mp 51–53 °C; bp 190–191 °C/30 mmHg; subl. 25 °C/0.02 mmHg. R = Me, mp 88 °C; bp 185 °C/25 mmHg. Solubility: slightly sol water; sol ethanol, diethyl ether. Form Supplied in: white solid; widely available. Preparative Methods: can be prepared from Triethyl Orthoformate, Ethyl Cyanoacetate, and Acetic Anhydride in the presence of Zinc Chloride (catalyst).4 Purification: recrystallization from ethanol and sublimation. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: use in a fume hood.
On tests of the overall treatment effect in meta‐analysis with normally distributed responses (2001)

For the meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials or epidemiological studies, in which the responses are at least approximately normally distributed, a refined test for the hypothesis of no overall treatment effect is proposed. The test statistic is based on a direct estimation function for the variance of the overall treatment effect estimator. As outcome measures, the absolute and the standardized difference between means are considered. In simulation studies it is shown that the proposed test keeps the prescribed significance level very well in contrast to the commonly used tests in the fixed effects and random effects model, respectively, which can become very liberal. Furthermore, just for using the proposed test it is not necessary to choose between the fixed effects and the random effects approach in advance.
Review: Asia and the West, by Maurice Zinkin (1952)

Book Review| May 01 1952 Review: Asia and the West, by Maurice Zinkin Asia and the WestMaurice Zinkin Arthur F. Wright Arthur F. Wright Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Pacific Historical Review (1952) 21 (2): 195–196. https://doi.org/10.2307/3634840 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Arthur F. Wright; Review: Asia and the West, by Maurice Zinkin. Pacific Historical Review 1 May 1952; 21 (2): 195–196. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3634840 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentPacific Historical Review Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1952 The Pacific Coast Branch, American Historical Association Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Serotyping of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 5 strains using a monoclonal-based polystyrene agglutination test. (1996)

A polystyrene agglutination test has been developed for serotyping Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 5a and 5b strains. Protein A-coated polystyrene microparticles were sensitized with a murine monoclonal antibody recognizing an epitope on serotype 5 LPS-O chain as shown by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. A total of 205 A. pleuropneumoniae, strains including all 12 serotype reference strains and 13 strains representing 8 common bacterial species associated with swine or related to A. pleuropneumoniae, were tested by mixing 25 microL of polystyrene reagent with the same volume of a dense suspension of bacterial cells grown for 18 h. All A. pleuropneumoniae strains had been previously serotyped using standard procedures. The polystyrene agglutination test was rapid (less than 3 min) and easy to perform. Overall a very good correlation (97.3%) with the standard techniques was found. The sensitized polystyrene particles were stable for at least 6 mo.
<title>Shocks and other nonlinear filtering applied to image processing</title> (1991)

Two new filters for image enhancement are developed, extending the early work of the authors. One filter uses a new nonlinear time dependent partial differential equation and its discretization, the second uses a discretization which constrains the backwards heat equation and keeps it variation bounded. The evolution of the initial image as t increases through U(x,y,t) is the filtering process. The processed image is piecewise smooth, nonoscillatory and apparently an accurate reconstruction. The algorithms are fast and easy to program.
The study of Spread Spectrum Time Domain Reflectometry for cable fault detection and location on-line (2011)

Spread Spectrum Time Domain Reflectometry for cable fault detection and location on-line is analyzed and studied deep in this paper. On that basis, the simulation model of cable fault detection and location on-line technology is built, the results of the simulation verify the feasibility of cable fault detection and location on-line. On the basis of that, the regular pattern of effects of the measured cable length, the frequency and amplitude of the injected signal, the impedance of fault point is studied and analyzed deep and simulation verification, the simulation results verify the validity of theoretical analysis.
Robotic Ablation of Arrhythmias (2008)

The 4mm deflectable radiofrequency (RF) ablation catheter enabled small necrotic lesions to be created anywhere in the heart, revolutionised the treatment of tachycardias mediated by localised abnormalities such as atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT), accessory pathways and focal atrial tachycardias1 and fuelled the rapid growth of cardiac electrophysiology.
Use of objective balance control data to assess neurogenic performance risks in astronauts following space flight (2002)

Summary form only given. Adaptive plasticity driven by gravity transitions associated with launch and return from space flight modifies the performance of sensory-motor control systems crucial to mission activities and activities of daily living (ADL). Data from pre- and post-flight balance control studies demonstrate the initial deficit and subsequent recovery dynamics following landing, as well as the effects of mission duration and previous space flight experience on these dynamics. Objective criteria are being developed to guide return-to-duty decisions by crew surgeons caring for astronauts. A risk-based approach has been undertaken, with risk assessment based on objective balance control data. Criteria for return to ADL are based on within-subject comparisons of pre- and post-flight performance and between-subject comparisons with normative populations.
Studies on the Regulation of the Onset of Steroid Hormone Biosynthesis in Fetal Rabbit Gonads* (1979)

Two aspects of the differentiation of the fetal rabbit gonad have been studied. First, the ability of the fetal ovary to synthesize 17β-estradiol from [7-3H]pregnenolone was measured. By day 18 of gestation, the fetal ovary was capable of synthesizing 17β-estradiol from radioactive pregnenolone (5 mol 2 h-1 mg protein-1), thus establishing that from the onset of estrogen synthesis the fetal ovary possesses all of the enzymes necessary to form estrogens from pregnenolone, including sufficient 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-Δ4,5-isomerase activity. Second, a method was developed to estimate the rate of cholesterol side chain cleavage activity by measuring the total amount of six steroids [progesterone, pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, Δ5-androstenediol (5-androstene-3β,17β-diol), and testosterone] produced in 2-h incubations of fetal rabbit gonads. Cholesterol side chain cleavage activity in fetal testes was linear with time up to 2 h and with increasing concentrations of hCG up to a concentration of 10 IU/ml. A developmental study of cholesterol side chain cleavage activity in fetal gonads revealed that both fetal ovaries and testes synthesized steroids de novo from cholesterol at the time of phenotypic sexual differentiation (days 18–21). Thus, from the onset of steroidogenesis in the fetal ovary and testis, both tissues contain the full capacity for the de novo synthesis of steroid hormones from cholesterol. In addition, the effect of hCG on cholesterol side chain cleavage was assessed, and a stimulatory response was found to correlate with the appearance of LH/hCG receptors in fetal testes but was absent in fetal ovaries which lack gonadotropin receptors.
Development of linear measuring system (1993)

The linear length measurements are most frequently performed and should be most accurate among other parts in dimensional metrology. We developed the linear measuring system using a laser interferometer to improve the accuracy and to shorten the calibration time. The uncertainty of the system is 0.01 .mu. for 500mm steel gage block. The range of the measurement and resolution of the system are 1000mm and 0.01 .mu. m, respectively.
The structures of atpenins A4, A5 and B, new antifungal antibiotics produced by Penicillium sp. (1990)

The structures of atpenins A4, A5 and B, new antifungal antibiotics produced by Penicillium sp., have been deduced to be I, II and III, respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic and 1H and 13C NMR spectral data. The molecular structure of atpenin A4 with absolute configurations was finally confirmed to be 2'S,4'S,5'S-5,6-dimethoxy-4-hydroxy-5'-chloro-2',4'- dimethyl-1'-oxoheptyl-2-hydroxypyridine (I') by the single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. The absolute configurations of atpenins A5 and B were also expected to be 2'S,4'S,5'R-II (II') and 2'S,4'R-III (III'), respectively.
Amorphous-Carbon-Supported Ultrasmall TiB2 Nanoparticles With High Catalytic Activity for Reversible Hydrogen Storage in NaAlH4 (2020)

In this paper, we report amorphous-carbon-supported TiB<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles having sizes of 2-4 nm (nano-TiB<sub>2</sub>@C) as highly active catalysts for hydrogen storage in NaAlH<sub>4</sub>. Nano-TiB<sub>2</sub>@C was synthesized by a simple calcination at 550°C with Cp<sub>2</sub>TiCl<sub>2</sub> and MgB<sub>2</sub> (molar ratio of 1:1) as precursors. The addition of 7 wt% nano-TiB<sub>2</sub>@C reduced the onset dehydrogenation temperature of NaAlH<sub>4</sub> by 100 to 75°C. A practically available hydrogen capacity of 5.04 wt% could be desorbed at 140°C within 60 min, and completely hydrogenated at 100°C within 25 min under a hydrogen pressure of 100 bar. Notably, the hydrogen capacity was almost unchanged after 20 cycles, which shows the stable cyclability, considerably higher than those of structures catalyzed by Ti halides or TiO<sub>2</sub>. The stable catalytic function was closely related to the <i>in-situ</i>-formed Ti-Al alloy, which considerably facilitated the dissociation and recombination of H-H and Al-H bondings.
The SANTANA project (2007)

Smart antennas employing digital beamforming (DBF) at Ka-band frequencies will be key elements for the next generation of broadband satellite communication systems. This frequency band offers high bandwidth and therefore high data rate capability, whereas digital beamforming provides a high degree of system flexibility.&#13;\nWithin the SANTANA (Smart Antenna Terminal) project, key elements of advanced DBF satellite communication terminals at Ka-band frequencies have been developed. SANTANA is a joint project of IMST GmbH and TU Hamburg-Harburg with DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, EADS Astrium GmbH. Industrial support is provided by Lewicki Microelectronics GmbH, RHe Microsystems, and EPAK GmbH. The project is funded and supported by the German Space Agency (DLR) on behalf of the German Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi).&#13;\nWithin the SANTANA project framework of phase 1 (2001 - 2003) and phase 2 (2003 - 2007), a complete medium size DBF system has been realised. It consists of separate transmit (30 GHz) and receive (20 GHz) units with 64 antenna elements each. This DBF system has been successfully demonstrated by establishing bidirectional communication links to moving platforms (car and aircraft) equipped with a conventional transmit/receive unit. The aim of the current project phase 3 is the adaptation of the present technology towards large arrays, the verification of the terminal within a moving environment, and the further industrialisation of several building blocks.&#13;\nThe paper describes the whole system and reports the essential experimental results obtained during the field tests.
Molecular mechanism and new protective strategy for ischemic white matter damages (2012)

Brain white matter lesions (WMLs), which are often observed in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, contribute to cognitive decline. We analyzed the pathologic and regenerative processes in brain white matter lesions of patients diagnosed with vascular dementia. There was a significant increase in the number of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) in the brains of patients with vascular dementia as well as in rats with cerebral hypoperfusion. WMLs can be induced experimentally by bilateral common carotid artery ligation (BCCAL) of rats to cause chronic cerebral ischemia. After chronic cerebral hypoperfusion injury, oxygen free radicals and activated microglia acting as inflammatory elements contribute to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced WMLs. The cell death of oligodendrocytes (OLGs) contributes directly to WMLs. The activation for intracellular signaling pathway of cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation in the white matter was suppressed after BCCAL. Type III phosphodiesterase inhibitor (PDE3-I) has potential therapeutic and brain-protective effects based on multitarget mechanism through cell signaling pathway of CREB phosphorylation. The OPCs subsequently underwent cell death and the number of OLGs decreased. In the rat model, PDE3-I prevented cell death, markedly increased the mature OLGs, and promoted restoration of white matter and recovery of cognitive decline.
Single collision oxidation of vanadium with NO2 and O2 (1976)

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Abstract 328: ABCG1 Has a Critical Role in Pulmonary Type 2 Cells and Surfactant Lipid Metabolism (2015)

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease caused by the accumulation of surfactant proteins and lipids in the pulmonary alveoli resulting in respiratory distress. For almost all reported cases the underlying cause is unknown. Synthesis and secretion of surfactant in the lung is restricted to epithelial type 2 pneumocytes (T2 cells). However, subsequent clearance of surfactant from the hypophase is dependent upon both T2 cells and macrophages. Both T2 cells and macrophages express high levels of the sterol-transporter ATP Binding Cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1). Further, Abcg1-/- mice exhibit a severe pulmonary lipidosis, characterized by elevated levels of multiple lipid species and the presence of lipid-loaded macrophages and T2 cells containing abnormal lamellar bodies. Recent advances have implicated a role for specific granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) autoantibodies and the innate immune system in the pathogenesis of PAP. We have recently demonstrated that the lungs of Abcg1-/- mice accumulate specific oxidized phospholipids and that this is associated with a local increase in innate immune natural antibody-secreting B-1 B cells and both local and circulating natural antibodies. Here we show that the lungs of mice containing ABCG1-deficient T2 (T2KO) cells and wild-type macrophages contain elevated levels of both phospholipids and esterified cholesterol. In addition, the T2KO cells in these mice accumulated lamellae bodies, unesterified cholesterol and exhibited abnormal gene expression. Collectively, our results suggest that ABCG1 is critical for normal surfactant metabolism and that the pulmonary expansion of B-1 B cells and the subsequent increase in natural antibodies in Abcg1-/- mice may provide a novel model in which to study the role of the innate immune system in PAP.