gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Evidence Supporting a Role for T-Type Ca2+ Channels in Absence Epilepsy and in the Action of Ethosuximide (2002)

T-type Ca 2 currents have been proposed to be involved in the genesis of spike-and-wave discharges, a sign of absence seizures, but direct evidence in vivo to support this hypothesis has been lacking. To address this question, we generated a null mutation of the 1G subunit of T-type Ca 2 channels. The thalamocortical relay neurons of the 1G-deficient mice lacked the burst mode firing of action potentials, whereas they showed the normal pattern of tonic mode firing. The 1G-deficient thalamus was specifically resistant to the generation of spike-and-wave discharges in response to GABA B receptor activation. Thus, the modulation of the intrinsic firing pattern mediated by 1G T-type Ca 2 channels plays a critical role in the genesis of absence seizures in the thalamocortical pathway.
Examining the nature of retrocausal effects in biology and psychology (2017)

Multiple laboratories have reported physiological and psychological changes associated with future events that are designed to be unpredictable by normal sensory means. Such phenomena seem to be examples of retrocausality at the macroscopic level. Here I will discuss the characteristics of seemingly retrocausal effects in biology and psychology, specifically examining a biological and a psychological form of precognition, predictive anticipatory activity (PAA) and implicit precognition. The aim of this examination is to offer an analysis of the constraints posed by the characteristics of macroscopic retrocausal effects. Such constraints are critical to assessing any physical theory that purports to explain these effects. Following a brief introduction to recent research on PAA and implicit precognition, I will describe what I believe we have learned so far about the nature of these effects, and conclude with a testable, yet embryonic, model of macroscopic retrocausal phenomena.
Synthesis of five-and six-membered iron-germanium heterocycles. Cyclo-1,4-bis(tetracarbonyliron)-2,3,5,6-tetrakis(dimethylgermanium) and cyclo-1,3-bis(tetracarbonyliron)-2,4,5-tris(dimethylgermanium) (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of five-and six-membered iron-germanium heterocycles. Cyclo-1,4-bis(tetracarbonyliron)-2,3,5,6-tetrakis(dimethylgermanium) and cyclo-1,3-bis(tetracarbonyliron)-2,4,5-tris(dimethylgermanium)Kelly B. Triplett and M. David. CurtisCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1975, 14, 9, 2284–2285Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50151a058https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50151a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views43Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Proton magnetic resonance studies of tris(trimethylsilyl)thallium (1969)

The intermolecular exchange of trimethylsilyl groups in tris(trimethylsilyl)thallium in a variety of solvents has been studied by n.m.r. spectroscopy, and values derived for the activation energy. The effect of trimethylamine in slowing the exchange has been studied, and evidence for the formation of an adduct Tl(SiMe3)3,NMe3 is given. Trimethylthallium has a marked catalytic effect on the exchange: evidence for mixed methyl–trimethylsilyl-thallium species is presented.
Shape theorems for Poisson hail on a bivariate ground (2016)

Abstract We consider an extension of the Poisson hail model where the service speed is either 0 or ∞ at each point of the Euclidean space. We use and develop tools pertaining to sub-additive ergodic theory in order to establish shape theorems for the growth of the ice-heap under light tail assumptions on the hailstone characteristics. The asymptotic shape depends on the statistics of the hailstones, the intensity of the underlying Poisson point process, and on the geometrical properties of the zero speed set.
Magnetic Langmuir−Blodgett Films of Bimetallic Coordination Nanoparticles of Cs0.4Ni[Cr(CN)6]0.9 (2008)

Magnetic Langmuir−Blodgett (LB) films of bimetallic coordination nanoparticles of the Prussian blue analogue Cs0.4Ni[Cr(CN)6]0.9 were prepared by using the adsorption properties of a monolayer of dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODA). The molecular organization of the DODA monolayer is strongly affected by the presence of the water-dispersable Cs0.4Ni[Cr(CN)6]0.9 nanoparticles in the subphase as has been shown by π−A isotherms and Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) images at the air−water interface. BAM images suggest that a layer of inorganic nanoparticles is adsorbed under the monolayer of DODA, for high surface pressure and medium concentration of nanoparticles in the subphase and for all surface pressures at high concentrations of nanoparticles. Transfer of the monolayer onto different substrates allowed the preparation of multilayers containing Cs0.4Ni[Cr(CN)6]0.9 nanoparticles. Magnetic properties of these LB films show a spin-glass-like behavior that can be explained by the strong magnetic dipolar interactions between the nanoparticles due to the small interparticle distances within the LB film. The magnetic properties of these LB films are very sensitive to the organization of the nanoparticles. They can be tuned by changing parameters such as the concentration of the subphase, the surface pressure, or the use of mixed monolayers. Thus, the Curie temperature of these LB films ranges from 60 K for the LB films prepared on the more concentrated subphase to 30 K for those prepared on the more diluted subphases. This is explained by the increase of interparticle distances and the subsequent weakening of the dipolar interactions between the nanoparticles within the LB film prepared on a subphase with a lower concentration of nanoparticles.
Longer Prehospital Time was not Associated with Mortality in Major Trauma: A Retrospective Cohort Study (2018)

<b>Objective:</b> The objective of this study was to determine the association between prehospital time and outcomes in adult major trauma patients, transported by ambulance paramedics. <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective cohort study of major trauma patients (Injury Severity Score >15) attended by St John Ambulance paramedics in Perth, Western Australia, who were transported to hospital between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2016. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) using the propensity score was performed to limit selection bias and confounding. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality and the secondary outcome was the length of hospital stay (LOS) for 30-day survivors. Multivariate logistic and log-linear regression analyses with IPTW were used to determine if prehospital time of more than the one hour (from receipt of the emergency call to arrival at hospital) or any individual prehospital time interval (response, on-scene, transport, or total time) was associated with 30-day mortality or LOS. <b>Results:</b> A total of 1,625 major trauma patients were included and 1,553 included in the IPTW sample. No significant association between prehospital time of one hour and 30-day mortality was found (adjusted odds ratio 1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.71-1.69). No association between any individual prehospital time interval and 30-day mortality was identified. In the 30-day survivors, one-minute increase of on-scene time was associated with 1.16 times (95% CI 1.03-1.31) longer LOS. <b>Conclusion:</b> Longer prehospital times were not associated with an increased likelihood of 30-day mortality in major trauma patients transported to hospital by ambulance paramedics. We found no evidence to support the hypothesis that prehospital time longer than one hour resulted in an increased risk of 30-day mortality. However, longer on-scene time was associated with longer hospital LOS (for 30-day survivors). Our recommendation is that prehospital care is delivered in a timely fashion and delivery of the patient to hospital is reasonably prompt.
History of Ring Laser Gyroscope Development at Lockheed Martin (Formerly Sperry) (2001)

Lockheed Martin's heritage company, the Sperry Gyroscope Company, played a prominent role in the development of Ring Laser Gyroscope (RLG) technology including the first RLG demonstration in 1963. This paper presents a historical review of the evolution of the Lockheed Martin RLG sensor design from this initial tabletop demonstration to the development of a compact, 
highly reliable, strapdown inertial instrument. Insight is 
provided on factors that affected RLG development over a 25-year period, including the rationale behind Lockheed Martin’s modular design approach - unique in the RLG industry. 
The theory of RLG operation is briefly described to provide an understanding of fundamental RLG design parameters. The principle modular RLG sensor components are identified and their development discussed. New application requirements as well as technological breakthroughs resulting from extensive 
research and development efforts drove RLG design advancement. Accordingly, the key applications that impacted Lockheed Martin RLG development are covered.
Effects of Grain Size and Solid-solution Strengthening Elements on the Bake-hardenability of Low Carbon Aluminum-killed Steel (1982)

Effect of metallurgical factors on the bake hardenability (BH) of low carbon Al-killed steel is studied. The yield stress change due to baking (ΔYS) is determined by grain size and dissolved (C+N) content. On the other hand, the ultimate tensile stress change due to baking (ΔTS) depends mostly on the dissolved (C+N) content. The locking mechanism of dislocation is discussed in relation to grain size dependence of these properties. The influence of alloying elements (Mn, Si, and P) on BH through their metallurgical factors is also studied. Mn decreases ΔYS through the reduction of dissolved C content. Si gives rise to the increase of dissolved C content and grain refining up to 0.5% Si content. Over 0.5% Si content, the grain becomes coarser in turn. Consequently, ΔYS increases up to 0.5% Si content and levels off after that. Though the addition of 0.06% P does not affect the dissolved (C+N) content, it gives rise to a little increase of ΔYS through grain refining. Larger grain size dependence of ΔYS is observed at5 ppm of dissolved (C+N) content for 0.06% P containing steel.
SN2-Type Glycosylation with Unprotected Pyranoses (2019)

An SN2 mechanism was proposed for highly stereoselective glycosylation of benzoic acid with unprotected α-D-glucose under Mitsunobu conditions in dioxane, while an SN1 mechanism seems to be responsible for non-stereoselective glycosylation in DMF. The SN2-type glycosylation can be applicable to various unprotected pyranoses as glycosyl donors and a wide range of carboxylic acids, phenols, and imides as glycosyl acceptors, retaining its high stereoselectivity (34 examples). Glycosylation of a carboxylic acid with unprotected α-D-mannose proceeded also in an SN2 manner to directly afford a usually less accessible 1,2-cis-mannoside. An extremely short-step total synthesis of a middle molecule (1874 Da) natural glycoside with antitumor activity, coriariin A, was achieved via a double SN2 glycosylation strategy with two molecules of unprotected α-D-glucose.
Behavioural and functional characterization of Kv10.1 (Eag1) knockout mice (2013)

Kv10.1 (Eag1), member of the Kv10 family of voltage-gated potassium channels, is preferentially expressed in adult brain. The aim of the present study was to unravel the functional role of Kv10.1 in the brain by generating knockout mice, where the voltage sensor and pore region of Kv10.1 were removed to render non-functional proteins through deletion of exon 7 of the KCNH1 gene using the '3 Lox P strategy'. Kv10.1-deficient mice show no obvious alterations during embryogenesis and develop normally to adulthood; cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum appear anatomically normal. Other tests, including general health screen, sensorimotor functioning and gating, anxiety, social behaviour, learning and memory did not show any functional aberrations in Kv10.1 null mice. Kv10.1 null mice display mild hyperactivity and longer-lasting haloperidol-induced catalepsy, but there was no difference between genotypes in amphetamine sensitization and withdrawal, reactivity to apomorphine and haloperidol in the prepulse inhibition tests or to antidepressants in the haloperidol-induced catalepsy. Furthermore, electrical properties of Kv10.1 in cerebellar Purkinje cells did not show any difference between genotypes. Bearing in mind that Kv10.1 is overexpressed in over 70% of all human tumours and that its inhibition leads to a reduced tumour cell proliferation, the fact that deletion of Kv10.1 does not show a marked phenotype is a prerequisite for utilizing Kv10.1 blocking and/or reduction techniques, such as siRNA, to treat cancer.
Supplementary Movie S2 from Dual Inhibition of PIK3C3 and FGFR as a New Therapeutic Approach to Treat Bladder Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Effect of MPT0L145 on endosomal functions.&lt;/p&gt;
Thermally Switchable Periodicities and Diffraction from Mesoscopically Ordered Materials (1996)

Two switchable, mesoscopically periodic materials were created by combining crystalline colloidal array (CCA) self-assembly with the temperature-induced volume phase transition of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). Body-centered-cubic CCAs of hydrated, swollen PNIPAM particles Bragg-diffract infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light weakly, whereas arrays of compact shrunken particles diffract efficiently. A tunable diffracting array was also created by embedding a CCA of polystyrene spheres within a PNIPAM hydrogel that swells and contracts with temperature; thus the array lattice constant varies with temperature, and the diffracted wavelength was thermally tunable across the entire visible spectrum. These materials may find applications in many areas of optics and materials science.
<title>Diagnostic blood-flow monitoring during therapeutic interventions using color Doppler optical coherence tomography</title> (1998)

A recently developed modality for blood flow measurement holds high promise in the management of bleeding ulcers. Color Doppler optical coherence tomography (CDOCT) uses low- coherence interferometry and digital signal processing to obtain precise localization of tissue microstructure simultaneous with bi-directional quantitation of blood flow. We discuss CDOCT as a diagnostic tool in the management of bleeding gastrointestinal lesions. Common treatments for bleeding ulcers include local injection of a vasoconstrictor, coagulation of blood via thermal contact or laser treatment, and necrosis of surrounding tissue with a sclerosant. We implemented these procedures in a rat dorsal skin flap model, and acquired CDOCT images before and after treatment. In these studies, CDOCT succeeded in identifying cessation of flow before it could be determined visually. Hence, we demonstrate the diagnostic capabilities of CDOCT in the regulation of bleeding in micron-scale vessels.
Analyzing rare mutations in metagenomes assembled using long and accurate reads (2022)

The advent of long and accurate "HiFi" reads has greatly improved our ability to generate complete metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), enabling "complete metagenomics" studies that were nearly impossible to conduct with short reads. In particular, HiFi reads simplify the identification and phasing of mutations in MAGs: It is increasingly feasible to distinguish between positions that are prone to mutations and positions that rarely ever mutate, and to identify co-occurring groups of mutations. However, the problems of identifying rare mutations in MAGs, estimating the false-discovery rate (FDR) of these identifications, and phasing identified mutations remain open in the context of HiFi data. We present strainFlye, a pipeline for the FDR-controlled identification and analysis of rare mutations in MAGs assembled using HiFi reads. We show that deep HiFi sequencing has the potential to reveal and phase tens of thousands of rare mutations in a single MAG, identify hotspots and coldspots of these mutations, and detail MAGs' growth dynamics.
Cyanobacterial photosystem II reaction center design in tobacco chloroplasts increases biomass in low light (2022)

The D1 polypeptide of the photosystem II (PSII) reaction center complex contains domains that regulate primary photochemical yield and charge recombination rate. Many prokaryotic oxygenic phototrophs express two or more D1 isoforms differentially in response to environmental light needs, a capability absent in flowering plants and algae. We report that tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants carrying the Synechococcus (Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942) low-light mutation (LL-E130Q) in the D1 polypeptide (NtLL) acquire the cyanobacterial photochemical phenotype: faster photodamage in high light and significantly more charge separations in productive linear electron flow in low light. This flux increase produces 16.5% more (dry) biomass under continuous low-light illumination (100 μE m-2 s-1, 24 h). This gain is offset by the predicted lower photoprotection at high light. By contrast, the introduction of the Synechococcus high-light mutation (HL-A152S) into tobacco D1 (NtHL) has slightly increased photoprotection, achieved by photochemical quenching, but no apparent impact on biomass yield compared to wild type under the tested conditions. The universal design principle of all PSII reaction centers trades off energy conversion for photoprotection in different proportions across all phototrophs and provides a useful guidance for testing in crop plants. The observed biomass advantage under continuous low light can be transferred between evolutionarily isolated lineages to benefit growth under artificial lighting conditions. However, removal of the selective marker gene was essential to observe the growth phenotype, indicating growth penalty imposed by use of the particular spectinomycin-resistance gene.
Clinical efficacy of collagenase Clostridium histolyticum in the treatment of Peyronie's disease by subgroup: results from two large, double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled, phase III studies (2015)

In this analysis, clinical efficacy of CCH treatment for reducing penile curvature deformity and PD symptom bother was found across subgroups. In the IMPRESS I and II overall, adverse events (AEs) were typically mild or moderate, although treatment-related serious AEs, including corporal rupture or penile haematoma, occurred. Future studies could be considered to directly assess the efficacy and safety of CCH treatment in defined subgroups of PD patients, with the goal of identifying predictors of optimum treatment success.
Thermoluminescence in a scanning electron microscope (2008)

The capabilities of thermoluminescence (TL) performed in a scanning electron microscope using the electron beam for excitation at low temperatures are presented. This method allows spatially as well as spectrally resolved TL. In the case of low excitation densities and short excitation times, the primary electron scattering volume determines the spatial resolution of the subsequent measurement. The potential of this technique is demonstrated for the characterization of bulk and heteroepitaxial AlN.
Antenna error budget in the MIRAS-SMOS instrument (2008)

The microwave imaging radiometer using aperture synthesis (MIRAS) (M. Martin-Neira et al., November 1997) is the single payload of the SMOS (soil moisture and ocean salinity) mission by the European Space Agency (ESA). MIRAS performance was successfully tested during spring 2007 by the prime contractor, EADS-CASA Espacio Spain, at ESA premises in ESTEC, The Netherlands. The payload is currently in Thales, Alenia Space, in Cannes (France), for integration with the satellite platform: http://www.esa.int/esaLP/LPsmos.html. MIRAS-SMOS launching is currently scheduled by the end of 2008.
Interstitial Telomeric-like Repeats (ITR) in Seed Plants as Assessed by Molecular Cytogenetic Techniques: A Review (2021)

The discovery of telomeric repeats in interstitial regions of plant chromosomes (ITRs) through molecular cytogenetic techniques was achieved several decades ago. However, the information is scattered and has not been critically evaluated from an evolutionary perspective. Based on the analysis of currently available data, it is shown that ITRs are widespread in major evolutionary lineages sampled. However, their presence has been detected in only 45.6% of the analysed families, 26.7% of the sampled genera, and in 23.8% of the studied species. The number of ITR sites greatly varies among congeneric species and higher taxonomic units, and range from one to 72 signals. ITR signals mostly occurs as homozygous loci in most species, however, odd numbers of ITR sites reflecting a hemizygous state have been reported in both gymnosperm and angiosperm groups. Overall, the presence of ITRs appears to be poor predictors of phylogenetic and taxonomic relatedness at most hierarchical levels. The presence of ITRs and the number of sites are not significantly associated to the number of chromosomes. The longitudinal distribution of ITR sites along the chromosome arms indicates that more than half of the ITR presences are between proximal and terminal locations (49.5%), followed by proximal (29.0%) and centromeric (21.5%) arm regions. Intraspecific variation concerning ITR site number, chromosomal locations, and the differential presence on homologous chromosome pairs has been reported in unrelated groups, even at the population level. This hypervariability and dynamism may have likely been overlooked in many lineages due to the very low sample sizes often used in cytogenetic studies.
Nitroxyl Modified Tobacco Mosaic Virus as a Metal-Free High-Relaxivity MRI and EPR Active Superoxide Sensor (2018)

Superoxide overproduction is known to occur in multiple disease states requiring critical care yet non-invasive detection of superoxide in deep tissue remains a challenge. Herein, we report a metal-free magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) active contrast agent prepared by “click conjugating” paramagnetic organic radical contrast agents (ORCAs) to the surface of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). While ORCAs are known to be reduced in vivo to an MRI/EPR silent state, their oxidation is facilitated specifically by reactive oxygen species—in particular superoxide—and are largely unaffected by peroxides and molecular oxygen. Unfortunately, single molecule ORCAs typically offer weak MRI contrast. In contrast, our data confirm that the macromolecular ORCA-TMV conjugates show marked enhancement for T1 contrast at low field (<3.0 T), and T2 contrast at high field (9.4 T). Additionally, we demonstrated that the unique topology of TMV allows for “quenchless fluorescent” bimodal probe for concurrent fluorescence and MRI/EPR imaging, which was made possible by exploiting the unique inner and outer surface of the TMV nanoparticle. Finally, we show TMV-ORCAs do not respond to normal cellular respiration, minimizing the likelihood for background, yet still respond to enzymatically produced superoxide in complicated biological fluids like serum.