gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 15-Base Acridine-Conjugated Oligodeoxynucleotide Forms Triplex DNA with Its IL-2Rα Promoter Target with Greatly Improved Avidity (1997)

Attachment of 6,9-diamino-2-methoxyacridine to the 5' end of a purine-rich oligodeoxynucleotide targeting a 15 bp oligopurine oligopyrimidine stretch in the promoter region of the interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain (IL-2R alpha) gene results in an approximately 500-fold increase in its triplex forming avidity as determined by both band shift assay and DMS footprinting (Kd lowered from 2.5 microM to 5 nM). This oligonucleotide participates in Mg(2+)-dependent three-stranded DNA formation in which it is oriented antiparallel relative to the purine strand of the target duplex as determined by acridine moiety sensitized photoreactivity with the target duplex DNA. The oligonucleotides used in these studies were synthesized with a 3-amino-2-hydroxypropyl group at the 3' end to protect against exonucleolytic degradation for future in vivo applications. The 3'-amino group underwent partial removal, probably during the NaOH deprotection step. Both the 3'-amino and the 3'-free forms of the oligo have the same binding avidity and specificity. The interaction of the third strand with its target is sequence specific and can be essentially abolished by a point G-->T transversion 4 bases away from the 3' end of the target oligopurine block or severely reduced by other mutations within the target duplex. Thus, the attachment of the acridine moiety to the 5' end of the oligonucleotide does not seem to substantially compromise the sequence specificity of binding. Additionally, the oligonucleotide composed of G and A nucleotides was found to be superior to the oligonucleotide containing G and T residues since the difference in avidity of binding to the same target site was 17-fold.
Does the Duration of Symptoms in Patients With Spinal Stenosis and Degenerative Spondylolisthesis Affect Outcomes? (2011)

Patients with SS with fewer than 12 months of symptoms experienced significantly better outcomes with surgical and nonsurgical treatment relative to those with symptom duration greater than 12 months. There was no difference in the outcome of patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis according to symptom duration.
The Microbial Degradation of Oil Pollutants (1973)

The document contains the proceedings of a workshop held at Georgia State University December 4-6, 1972. The Workshop objectives were to determine the present status of knowledge concerning the use of microorganisms in facilitating oil biodegradation, to assess future areas of investigation, to promote cooperative research projects, and to promote communication and exchange of information.
Resistance of Kansas Sclerotinia homoeocarpa Isolates to Thiophanate-Methyl and Determination of Associated β-Tubulin Mutation (2014)

Eighty-two isolates of Sclerotinia homoeocarpa from 12 sites in Kansas were evaluated for in vitro sensitivity to the methyl benzimidazole carbamate (MBC) fungicide thiophanate-methyl at the discriminatory dose of 10 μg/ml. Seventeen isolates were sensitive to thiophanate-methyl and the remaining isolates were resistant. Of the 65 isolates from golf course putting greens, two isolates were sensitive and the remaining 63 isolates were resistant. Six resistant and five sensitive isolates were also evaluated in greenhouse assays on fungicide-treated plants. The isolates that were sensitive to thiophanate-methyl in vitro did not cause any disease on thiophanate-methyl-treated plants, and those that were resistant in vitro caused blighting on treated plants equivalent to the nontreated controls. The entire β-tubulin gene was sequenced for four resistant and four sensitive isolates. The resistant isolates all harbored a substitution of alanine for glutamic acid at codon 198 (E198A). These results provide a starting point for further surveys and monitoring of fungicide sensitivity. Accepted 7 April 2014. Published 6 June 2014.
Characterization of the Nonlinear Elastic Properties of Graphite/Epoxy Composites Using Ultrasound (1990)

The normalized change in ultrasonic "natural" velocity as a function of stress and temperature was measured in a unidirectional laminate of T300/5208 graphite/ epoxy composite using a pulsed phase locked loop ultrasonic interferometer. These mea surements were used together with the linear (second order) elastic moduli to calculate some of the nonlinear (third order) moduli of this material.
MiR-483-5p controls angiogenesis in vitro and targets serum response factor (2011)

Angiogenesis, a key factor in ischemic heart disease, is rapidly initiated in response to hypoxic or ischemic conditions. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenously expressed small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level. The recent discovery of the involvement of these RNAs in the control of angiogenesis renders them very attractive in the development of new approaches for restoring the angiogenic balance. In the present study, we explored that miR-483-5p, a microRNA embedded in the intron of insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2), acts as an endogenous angiogenesis-inhibiting factor. We identified that serum response factor (SRF) is one of miR-483-5p target genes. These findings indicated that the miR-483-5p-SRF pathway may offer a novel strategy for treatment with angiogenesis in ischemic heart disease patients.
Isolation and properties of the glycolytic enzymes from Zymomonas mobilis. The five enzymes from glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase through to pyruvate kinase (1986)

The five glycolytic enzymes glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoglycerate kinase, phosphoglycerate mutase, enolase and pyruvate kinase were each purified from extracts of Zymomonas mobilis cells, by using dye-ligand chromatography as the principal step. Two procedures, producing three and two of the enzymes respectively, are described in detail. Z. mobilis glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase was found to be similar in most respects to the enzyme from other sources, except for having a slightly larger subunit size. Phosphoglycerate kinase has properties typical for this enzyme; however, it did not show the sulphate activation effects characteristic of this enzyme from most other sources. Phosphoglycerate mutase is a dimer, partially independent of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate, and has a high specific activity. Enolase was found to be octameric; otherwise its properties were very similar to those of the yeast enzyme. Pyruvate kinase is unusual in being dimeric, and not requiring K+ for activity. It is not allosterically activated by sugar phosphates, having a high activity in the absence of any effectors. Some quantitative differences in the relative amounts of these enzymes, compared with eukaryotic species, are ascribed to the fact that Z. mobilis utilizes the Entner-Doudoroff pathway rather than the more common Embden-Meyerhoff glycolytic route.
Incidence of periprocedureal complications with dabigatran versus other current anti-coagulation modalities for patients undergoing an atrial fibrillation ablation (2013)

Purpose: In October of 2010, the FDA approved dabigatran etexilate to prevent thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). There is a paucity of data to evaluate the risk of periprocedural complications (PC) in patients undergoing an AF ablation using dabigatran as the anticoagulation agent. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 422 charts of patients with persistent or paroxysmal AF who underwent a radiofrequency ablation from January of 2011 to January 2012 at our institution. We placed patients into groups based on their peri-procedural anticoagulation strategy; warfarin continued (WC) (185 patients), warfarin held (WH) (153 patients), and peri-procedural dabigatran (D) (84 patients). All patients with subtherapeutic INRs after holding warfarin were treated with bridging lovenox. We categorized PC events as major (thromboembolic event or tamponade) or minor (non-life threatening bleeding). All PC events that occurred within 30 days of the AF ablation were counted. Results: In the WC group 23 patients (12.4%) had PCs (20 minor and 3 major), in the WH group 16 patients (10.5%) had PCs (11 minor and 5 major) and in the D group 4 patients (4.8%) had PCs (3 minor and 1 major). For the D and WH groups anticoagulation was held an average of 1 and 1.9 days prior to the procedure respectively. Of the 9 major complications, 5 patients had pericardial tamponade, 3 had a TIA or stroke, and 1 patient had a MI. Of the 34 minor complications, 24 patients had a groin hematoma, 2 had hemoptysis, 1 had a spontaneous orbital hematoma, 3 had a GI bleed, 1 had a small pericardial effusion, and 3 had hematuria. Each anti-coagulation group had comparable amount of patients with paroxysmal and persistent AF (p = NS). There was no difference in the rate of major or minor PCs between any of the anticoagulation groups (p = 0.67 and 0.39 for D vs WC for major and minor PC respectively and p = 0.99 and p = 0.06 for D vs WH for major and minor PCs respectively). Conclusions: Dabigatran is becoming a widely used medication for patients with AF, but little is known about the risk of PCs for patients using dabigatran around the time of an AF ablation. In our series of 422 patients there was no difference in the rate of major or minor PCs for patients on periprocedural dabigatran as compared to warfarin based anti-coagulation strategies.
Protein co-expression networks identified from HOT lesions of ER+HER2–Ki-67high luminal breast carcinomas (2021)

Patients with estrogen receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative/Ki-67-high (ER+HER2-Ki-67high) luminal breast cancer have a worse prognosis and do not respond to hormonal treatment and chemotherapy. This study sought to identify disease-related protein networks significantly associated with this subtype, by assessing in-depth proteomes of 10 lesions of high and low Ki-67 values (HOT, five; COLD, five) microdissected from the five tumors. Weighted correlation network analysis screened by over-representative analysis identified the five modules significantly associated with the HOT lesions. Pathway enrichment analysis, together with causal network analysis, revealed pathways of ribosome-associated quality controls, heat shock response by oxidative stress and hypoxia, angiogenesis, and oxidative phosphorylation. A semi-quantitative correlation of key-protein expressions, protein co-regulation analysis, and multivariate correlation analysis suggested co-regulations via network-network interaction among the four HOT-characteristic modules. Predicted highly activated master and upstream regulators were most characteristic to ER-positive breast cancer and associated with oncogenic transformation, as well as resistance to chemotherapy and endocrine therapy. Interestingly, inhibited intervention causal networks of numerous chemical inhibitors were predicted within the top 10 lists for the WM2 and WM5 modules, suggesting involvement of potential therapeutic targets in those data-driven networks. Our findings may help develop therapeutic strategies to benefit patients.
Cryoprotection in plant tissues related to reduced volume expansion of cryoprotectant solution. (2005)

To clarify the mechanism of reduced volume expansion-related cryoprotection changes in solution volume during freezing using several types of cryoprotectant were investigated. The effect of each cryoprotectant solution on the survival of asparagus nodal segments cooled slowly (0.5 degrees C/min) to -40 degrees C was also examined. The ratio of the volume at -40 degrees C to the volume at +20 degrees C was used as an index for expansion, calculated as a ratio of the density at +20 degrees C to the density at -40 degrees C. Distilled, deionized water showed the largest volume change at a ratio of 1.094. The ratio gradually decreased with an increase in the molar concentration of cryoprotectant, with the magnitude of the change dependent on the nature of the cryoprotectant. Raffinose was the most effective in reducing volume expansion when compared with other cryoprotectants at a same concentration. Raffinose exhibited greatest cryoprotection in asparagus tissue at 0.6 M where the solution became saturated. Dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) at 1.69 M had the largest effect on cryoprotecting asparagus tissue. Furthermore, Me2SO was also the most effective in reducing volume expansion among the group of cryoprotectants permeable to the plasma membrane. It is concluded that cryoprotection in tissues was closely related to reduced volume expansion especially at low concentration (< or = 1.0 M). Cryoprotectants of impermeable sugar group lost their cryoprotective effect at > 1.0 M, which may due to severe dehydration and cell damage occurred in hypertonic solution. Useful cryoprotectants should be furnished with high ability of reducing volume expansion during freezing as well as low toxicity and high permeability for cells.
Effects of the external pH on Ca channels: experimental studies and theoretical considerations using a two-site, two-ion model. (1986)

Some effects of the external pH on Ca channels were studied in a hybridoma cell line (mAb-7B), by using the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. As the pH was lowered, both the activation and the inactivation curves shifted toward less negative membrane potentials, suggesting a pH-induced decrease of an external negative surface potential, sensed by the mechanism of gating. The potential for half-activation, V1/2, and that for half-inactivation, Vh, were related by a straight line with a slope of one. The inward current varied exponentially with V1/2, as would be expected if the field inside the channel and the Ca2+ concentration at the entrance were sensitive to the surface potential. However, the reversal potential and the outward current were unaltered by changes in the pH. Under the hypothesis that the channel senses the surface potential, all these results, as well as the nernstian behavior of the reversal potential with respect to Ca2+, observed in previous studies, are accounted for by a three-barrier, two-ion model for a channel, provided it is assumed that the potential in the channel drops almost entirely across the barrier adjacent to the external solution.
The Comparative Effects of Various Moisturizers on Epidermal Barrier Function Recovery After Bathing in Atopic Dermatitis. (2018)

Background/Aims: An important pillar of AD management involves moisturizer application following bathing to restore epidermal barrier function (EBF). In this study, we aim to bring additional evidence to the “soak-and-smear” regimen, comparing EBF recovery by various moisturizers following bathing in AD and healthy subjects. Methods: Volar forearms of 10 AD patients and 10 healthy controls were immersed in water for 10 minutes to simulate bathing. Immediately after bathing, ceramide-containing emollient (CER), a humectant (10% glycerin, GLY), an occlusant (white petrolatum, PETR), and aloe vera 5% extract (ALOE) were applied to separate test sites on the forearm. One test site did not receive any moisturizer and served as control. EBF parameters (hydration, TEWL, and pH) were recorded at baseline, and 15, 30, and 60-minutes post-bathing.Results: AD and controls shared similar trends. ALOE had the most significant pH decrease while GLY had the highest pH increase. Hydration significantly increased in all moisturizers compared to control. GLY led to the highest increase, peaking at 15-minutes for both AD and healthy subjects. AD subjects had higher hydration following CER than healthy subjects throughout the entire study. All four moisturizers increased TEWL compared to control, though PETR had the lowest initial TEWL increase. Conclusion: All moisturizers has an immediate effect on improving SC hydration. Their initial effects on TEWL increase recovers toward control levels by 60-minutes. Future studies are needed to examine the effect of repeated moisturizer post-bathing over longer study periods.
Procollagen messenger RNA levels and activity and collagen synthesis during the fetal development of sheep lung, tendon, and skin. (1981)

The rates of type I collagen synthesis in sheep lung, tendon, and skin were evaluated during the latter half of fetal development and compared with the levels of type I procollagen mRNA, quantified by molecular hybridization with a type I procollagen specific complementary DNA, and with the activity of total procollagen mRNA measured by in vitro cell-free translation. In the lung and tendon, the levels of type I procollagen mRNA and activity of total procollagen mRNA parallel collagen synthesis during development. In the skin, however, type I collagen synthesis declines sharply during fetal development, but both type I procollagen mRNA levels and total procollagen mRNA activity remain at the high levels of early development. These observations suggest that in developing lung and tendon, type I procollagen mRNA levels are likely the major determinants of the levels of type I collagen synthesis. In contrast, the dichotomy between type I procollagen mRNA levels and rates of type I collagen synthesis in the developing sheep skin suggest the skin utilizes mechanisms in addition to mRNA levels to modulate expression of the type I collagen gene.
Antiviral activity of carrageenans from marine red algae (2009)

Three carrageenan representatives of each structural type: λ- and ι –family (Gigartina acicularis), ι-family (Euchema denticulatum) and κ –family (Kappaphycus cottonii) have been tested for their in vitro antiviral activity. The carrageenans proved to be potent inhibitors of herpes human virus type 1 (HHV-1) and Poliovirus. The best results were obtained with carrageenans from Gigartina acicularis and Euchema denticulatum, which are more sulfated than those from Kappaphycus cottonii. The selective index values (CC50 /ID50 ) ranged from more than 22 to more than 545 for HHV-1 and more than 6.6 to more than 32 for Poliovirus. No citotoxic effects were observed. At 0.75 mg/ml, none of the carrageenans tested showed a virucidal activity against HHV-1 or Poliovirus. Carrageenans from Euchema denticulatum (ι- family) and Gigartina acicularis (λ- and ι –family) exerted their antiviral effect via, in part, by a lower inhibition of the virus attachment and by the interference in a subsequent stage of the virus replicative cycle. The κ-carrageenan from Kappaphycus cottonii exerted its antiviral effect mainly by a lower inhibition of the virus attachment. In cultures treated with carrageenans from Euchema denticulatum (ι-family) and Gigartina acicularis (λ- and ι –family), the HHV-1 viral DNA synthesis had a reduction of threefold and twofold with 0.75 mg/ml, respectively.
<title>Damping SOFIA: passive and active damping for the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy</title> (2001)

The Stratospheric Observatory For Infrared Astronomy, SOFIA is being developed by NASA and the German space agency, Deutschen Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), with an international contractor team. The 2.5-meter reflecting telescope of SOFIA will be the world's largest airborne telescope. Flying in an open cavity on a modified 747 aircraft, SOFIA will perform infrared astronomy while cruising at 41,000 feet and while being buffeted by a 550- mile-per-hour slipstream. A primary system requirement of SOFIA is tracking stability of 0.2 arc-seconds, and a 3-axis pointing control model has been used to evaluate the feasibility of achieving this kind of stability. The pointing control model shows that increased levels of damping in certain elastic modes of the telescope assembly will help achieve the tracking stability goal and also expand the bandwidth of the attitude controller. This paper describes the preliminary work that has been done to approximate the reduction in image motion yielded by various structure configurations that use reaction masses to attenuate the flexible motions of the telescope structure. Three approaches are considered: passive tuned-mass dampers, active-mass dampers, and attitude control with reaction-mass actuators. Expected performance improvements for each approach, and practical advantages and disadvantages associated with each are presented.
The Retention of Lysozyme Chloride by Reversed Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (1981)

Assay of lysozyme chloride have been conducted by bacteriolytic method, by using Micrococus lysodeikticus as substrate. But the reproducibility of this method is invariably poor because of enzymatic processes in a heterogeneous system. We began to research the determination of lysozyme chloride by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. And we succeeded in retaining lysozyme chloride to reversed phase stationary, which is a basic condition for the determination by HPLC. We present here a HPLC system capable of retaining lysozyme chloride to reversed phase stationary by adding alkylsulfonic acid or perchloric acid as anion type counter ion to mobile phase. The effects of HPLC conditions on retention of lysozyme chloride were also examined. The good reproducibility could be suggested, when it was applied to the determination of lysozyme chloride.
Acoustic energy transmission in cast iron pipelines (2015)

In this paper we propose acoustic power transfer as a method for the remote powering of pipeline sensor nodes. A theoretical framework of acoustic power propagation in the ceramic transducers and the metal structures is drawn, based on the Mason equivalent circuit. The effect of mounting on the electrical response of piezoelectric transducers is studied experimentally. Using two identical transducer structures, power transmission of 0.33 mW through a 1 m long, 118 mm diameter cast iron pipe, with 8 mm wall thickness is demonstrated, at 1 V received voltage amplitude. A near-linear relationship between input and output voltage is observed. These results show that it is possible to deliver significant power to sensor nodes through acoustic waves in solid structures. The proposed method may enable the implementation of acoustic - powered wireless sensor nodes for structural and operation monitoring of pipeline infrastructure.
Gate leakage current analysis in READ/WRITE/ IDLE states of a SRAM cell (2006)

The increasing market demand for ever smaller and application packed portable electronic devices has been fueling the relentless scaling of the CMOS transistor. The ITRS roadmap envisages that high performance CMOS circuits will require ultra-low gate oxide thickness to overcome the effects of shorter channel lengths. However, such devices will be susceptible to a more profound leakage mechanism due to carrier tunneling through the gate oxide. Consequently, the gate oxide tunneling current has emerged as the major component of the leakage power consumption of nanoscale CMOS devices. In the case of an important CMOS circuit like Static RAM (SRAM) there is a high probability for the leakage currents to be manifested with more prominence. SRAMs form a vital component of the CPU cache therefore there is a critical need for analysis, explanation, and characterization of the various tunneling mechanisms SRAMs. This paper explores the gate leakage current scenarios in the READ, WRITE and IDLE states of the SRAM which can make significant contribution to modeling and reduction of gate leakage in SRAM circuits.