gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation and validation of implantable electrodes for the measurement of oxygen and glucose. (1989)

In realizing the continuous measurement of pO2 and glucose concentration in the subcutaneous tissue, miniaturized electrochemical oxygen- and enzyme glucose sensors, based on modified Clark-type electrodes for transient implantation, were developed and investigated. The electrodes were prepared by means of sequential dipping procedures in glucose oxidase and in different polymer solutions at well-defined environmental conditions in an incubator. By means of combining a hydrophobic membrane with a glucose permeable area and a hydrophilic membrane in the case of the glucose sensor, linearity of the glucose dependent electrode signal up to greater than 20 mmol/l could be achieved. After subcutaneous implantation in the neck of dogs, the enzyme sensor is able to follow glucose profiles in the normo- and in the hyperglycaemic range, e.g. as caused by oral glucose loads. Looking for the difference in sensitivity of the enzyme sensor measured in vitro and calculated from in vivo data, the influence of potential nonspecific, interfering substances in vivo such as urea, amino acids, electrolytes, and albumin was estimated.
All-digital phased-locked loop with local passive interpolation time-to-digital converter based on a tristate inverter (2012)

This paper presents the all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) with the local passive interpolation time-to-digital converter (LPI-TDC). Unlike the conventional LPI-TDC, the proposed TDC has a tristate inverter delay cell in only first delay chain, other delay cell is composed of only normal inverters that have same delay as tristate inverter. LPI-TDC based a tristate has the advantages of higher resolution than conventional LPI-TDC. The resolution of the proposed LPI-TDC increases by approximately 1.5 times compare to the conventional LPI-TDC. The proposed ADPLL has been implemented using 0.18μm CMOS process. The peak to peak jitter is 32.86ps, and the power consumption of the ADPLL is 25.02mW, which is lower than the conventional ADPLL, at 600 MHz operation with 1.8V power supply voltage.
Photochemical Functionalization of Graphene Oxide by Thiol–Ene Click Chemistry (2020)

Graphene oxide (GO) is an important platform that can be functionalized, notably because of its wide variety of functional groups. Functionalization is a critical step, leading to the production of GO-based materials for promising applications in many fields ranging from biomedicine, depollution, to energy storage. Defects introduced into the graphitic domain during graphite oxidation allow to obtain alkene groups, which can be functionalized via thiol–ene click reactions (TER). Usually, for GO functionalization by TER, thermal radical initiators have been used with disadvantages such as high reaction times and the subsequent GO reduction, losing possible oxygen functional groups that can be further used for a second functionalization. Hence, we introduce the photochemical functionalization of GO by TER, with cysteamine as the probe molecule, using a photoinitiator. The reaction was characterized by attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV spectroscopy, fluorimetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. This new perspective of photoinduced TER provides advantages such as short reaction times, use of mild conditions, and avoiding a subsequent GO reduction, associated with efficient orthogonal functionalization.
1701 Influence of impurities and crystal defects in silicon on device characteristics and importance of their integrated modeling (2013)

半導体デバイスの高集積化、低消費電力化がこれまで以上に強く求められている。デバイスの低電圧駆動化に伴い、信号のS/N比が悪化することを避けるためにノイズを低減する必要がある。ノイズ源となるバルク基板中欠陥の測定技術とモデリング・シミュレーション技術が重要になる。従来の半導体産業においては基板とデバイス製造の分業化が進んでいるため、お互いのプロセスや欠陥レベルが独立であり、デバイス全体で最適なプロセス設計がされている保証が無いのが現状である。今後は基板製造に起因する欠陥状態も考慮してFEOLプロセスを行わなければ、所望のノイズレベルを達成したデバイスを製造することは困難である。本稿では効果的にモデリング・シミュレーション技術を用いた基板-デバイス設計の統合を提案する.
Triplet Fusion Upconversion Nanocapsule Synthesis (2022)

Triplet fusion upconversion (UC) allows for the generation of one high energy photon from two low energy input photons. This well-studied process has significant implications for producing high energy light beyond a material's surface. However, the deployment of UC materials has been stymied due to poor material solubility, high concentration requirements, and oxygen sensitivity, ultimately resulting in reduced light output. Toward this end, nanoencapsulation has been a popular motif to circumvent these challenges, but durability has remained elusive in organic solvents. Recently, a nanoencapsulation technique was engineered to tackle each of these challenges, whereupon an oleic acid nanodroplet containing upconversion materials was encapsulated with a silica shell. Ultimately, these nanocapsules (NCs) were durable enough to enable triplet fusion upconversion-facilitated volumetric three-dimensional (3D) printing. By encapsulating upconversion materials with silica and dispersing them in a 3D printing resin, photopatterning beyond the surface of the printing vat was made possible. Here, video protocols for the synthesis of upconversion NCs are presented for both small-scale and large-scale batches. The outlined protocols serve as a starting point for adapting this encapsulation scheme to multiple upconversion schemes for use in volumetric 3D printing applications.
cDNA cloning of myosin rod and the complete primary structure of myosin heavy chain of walleye pollack fast skeletal muscle (2000)

The amino acid sequences of myosin rod containing subfragment-2 (S2) and light meromyosin (LMM) were determined by cDNA cloning for walleye pollack fast skeletal myosin heavy chain. While S2 and LMM were composed of 442 and 656 amino acid residues, a total of 1937 amino acid residues accounted for the whole myosin heavy chain molecule with previously determined sequence for the subfragment-1 heavy chain region of this fish. Both regions for S2 and LMM showed a seven-residue repeat pattern characteristic to fibrous proteins with a coiled-coil structure of two α-helices, displaying a, b, c, d, e, f, and g where positions a and d were frequently occupied by hydrophobic amino acids and c and g often contained charged residues. The occurrence of a 28-residue unit with repetitive sequence was also strongly suggested, when one and three skip residues were adopted into S2 and LMM, respectively. Thus, walleye pollack S2 and LMM consisted of 17 and 24 zones with a 28-residue repeat rearrangement. There were several amino acid substitutions which might account for a low thermal stability of walleye pollack myosin heavy chain in comparison with the sequences of higher vertebrate counterparts. However, it seemed difficult to interpret such low stability only from the comparison in the 28-residue repeat arrangement at the primary structure.
Problems of flow simulation in wind tunnels (1969)

Flow simulation on wind tunnel test models for aerodynamic characteristics of aircraft design, discussing boundary layer and external flow coupling
System level design of baseband OFDM for wireless LAN (2003)

Multicarrier or Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has gain recently an increased interest with the development of faster signal processing components and technologies. OFDM has been shown to be a very efficient scheme for mitigating the adverse effects of inter-symbol interference, squeezing multiple modulated carriers tightly together but keeping the modulated signals orthogonal so they do not interfere with each other's. This paper describes the system level model of the OFDM baseband and uses it to evaluate the BER performance.
Consolidation of commingled yarn based composites : continuum modelling (2007)

Pressure driven consolidation of a component made from a commingled yarn composite is modelled and simulated. A finite-element code is developed based on a novel two-phase continuum framework. The applicability of the code to complex geometries is demonstrated by analysis of the consolidation, i.e. resin infiltration and preform deformation, of an axisymmetric filament wound GF/PP pressure vessel. In conclusion, the consolidation of the vessel is prevented by the loading mode where the pressure is applied on the interior. To succeed in manufacturing of this type of pressure vessel, a use of an loosely wound preform that allows extension in the fibre direction is suggested.
UV-activated conductances allow for multiple time scale learning (1993)

Ultraviolet (UV) photoinjection of electrons through SiO(2 ) provides a convenient and simple method for programming analog, nonvolatile memories in CMOS circuits. The time scales involved in the UV programming process are well suited to multiple time scale learning algorithms providing several orders of magnitude in programming rate. The method requires no special processing technology. Measured characteristics of the UV photoinjection devices and experimental results from a synapse circuit built using these devices are presented. This synapse circuit includes a continuously adjustable weight, an electronic learn/hold control and slow forgetting dynamics, while allowing an unimpeded multiplication operation at all times.
Effect of organic solvents on the beef heart mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase (1979)

The effect of organic solvents on the beef heart mitochondrial ATP-base-catalyzed ATP and ITP hydrolysis was examined. It was observed that numerous organic solvents stimulated ATP hydrolysis while ITP hydrolysis was inhibited. Methanol at 20% (v/v) was found to stimulate ATP hydrolysis by over 300%, while at the same methanol concentration ITP hydrolysis was inhibited approximately 50%. In the presence of 20% methanol, ATP hydrolysis exhibited linear plots of 1/[ATP] vs. 1/v, while in the absence of methanol negative cooperativity was observed. These data can be interpreted to imply that the catalytic and regulatory sites of the mitochondrial ATPase are being dissociated 20% methanol. The effect of methanol on the hydrolysis of ATP and ITP was examined as a function of pH. It was found that, at high pH in totally aqueous solutions, the hydrolysis of ATP and ITP was inhibited, while the presence of 20% methanol either caused the hydrolytic rate to peak and remain constant above pH 8 (with ATP as substrate) or caused the rate of hydrolysis to continue to increase above pH 8 (when ITP was the substrate). These data are interpreted to indicate that an acidic group in the active site may be ionizing, limiting the ATPase-catalyzed hydrolytic rate, and, with 20% methanol, this ionization was inhibited.
Expanding Rapid Prototyping for Electronic Systems Integration of Arbitrary Form (2006)

An innovative method for rapid prototyping (RP) of electronic circuits with components characteristic of typical electronics applications was demonstrated using an enhanced version of a previously developed hybrid stereolithography (SL) and direct write (DW) system, where an existing SL machine was integrated with a three-axis DW fluid dispensing system for combined arbitrary form electronic systems manufacturing. This paper presents initial efforts at embedding functional electronic circuits using the hybrid SL/DW system. A simple temperature-sensitive circuit was selected, which oscillated an LED at a frequency proportional to the temperature sensed by the thermistor. The circuit was designed to incorporate all the required electronic components within a 2.5” x 2” x 0.5” SL part. Electrical interconnects between electronic components were deposited on the SL part with a DW system using silver conductive ink lines. Several inks were deposited, cured, and tested on a variety of SL resin substrates, and the E 1660 ink (Ercon Inc, Wareham, MA) was selected due to its measured lowest average resistivity on the SL substrates. The finished circuit was compared with Printed Circuit Board (PCB) technology for functionality. The electronic components used here include a low voltage battery, LM 555 timer chip, resistors, a thermistor, capacitors, and Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs). This circuit was selected because it (1) represented a simple circuit combining many typically used electronic components and thus provided a useful demonstration for integrated electronic systems manufacturing applicable to a wide variety of devices, and (2) provided an indication of the parasitic resistances and capacitances introduced by the fabrication process due to its sensitivity to manufacturing variation. The hybrid technology can help achieve significant size reductions, enable systems integration in atypical forms, a natural resistance to reverse engineering and possibly increase maximum operating temperatures of electronic circuits as compared to the traditional PCB process. This research demonstrates the ability of the hybrid SL/DW technology for fabricating combined electronic systems for unique electronics applications in which arbitrary form is a requirement and traditional PCB technology cannot be used.
Coculture of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Respiratory Epithelial Cells to Engineer a Human Composite Respiratory Mucosa (2004)

In this study, we describe a novel in vitro reconstitution system for tracheal epithelium that could be useful for investigating the cellular and molecular interaction of epithelial and mesenchymal cells. In this system, a Transwell insert was used as a basement membrane on which adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were cultured on the lower side whereas normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells were cultured on the opposite upper side. Under air-liquid interface conditions, the epithelial cells maintained their capacity to progressively differentiate and form a functional epithelium, leading to the differentiation of mucin-producing cells between days 14 and 21. Analysis of apical secretions showed that mucin production increased over time, with peak secretion on day 21 for NHBE cells alone, whereas mucin secretion by NHBE cells cocultured with MSCs remained constant between days 18 and day 25. This in vitro model of respiratory epithelium, which exhibited morphologic, histologic, and functional features of a tracheal mucosa, could help to understand interactions between mesenchymal and epithelial cells and mechanisms involved in mucus production, inflammation, and airway repair. It might also play an important role in the design of an composite prosthesis for tracheal replacement.
CSRDB: a small RNA integrated database and browser resource for cereals (2006)

Plant small RNAs (smRNAs), which include microRNAs (miRNAs), short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and trans-acting siRNAs (ta-siRNAs), are emerging as significant components of epigenetic processes and of gene networks involved in development and in homeostasis. Here we present a bioinformatics resource for cereal crops, the Cereal Small RNA Database (CSRDB), consisting of large-scale datasets of maize and rice smRNA sequences generated by high-throughput pyrosequencing. The smRNA sequences have been mapped to the rice genome and to the available maize genome sequence and these results are presented in two genome browser datasets using the Generic Genome Browser. Potential RNA targets for the smRNAs have been predicted and access to the resulting smRNA/RNA target pair dataset has been made available through a MySQL based relational database. Various ways to access the data are provided including links from the genome browser to the target database. Data linking and integration are the main focus for this interface, and internal as well as external links are present. The resource is available at http://sundarlab.ucdavis.edu/smrnas/ and will be updated as more sequences become available.
Surface Modifications Evoked by Estradiol and Diethylstilbestrol in Isolated Endometrial Cells: Evidence from Lectin Probes and Extracellular Release of Lysosomal Protease (1975)

Endometrial cells were isolated from the uteri of ovariectomized rats. The inhibitory effect of alpha-methyl-D-mannoside on fluorescein-labeled concanavalin A (Con A) binding to these cells indicates that they possess specific binding sites for Con A. The lectin also mediates adsorption of homologous erythrocytes to these cells. Both Con A binding and Con A-mediated hemadsorption to endometrial cells are depressed at 4 C compared with these functions in cells maintained at 22 C. Gross elevations in lectin-mediated hemadsorption to endometrial cells are evident following prior exposure to 1 X 10(-9)M concentrations of diethylstilbestrol (DES) or estradiol-17beta, but not to the physiologically inactive 17 alpha-epimer, at 22 C. The enhancement of hemagglutinability cannot be attributed to a corresponding increase in lectin binding at 22 C. Although estrogen treatment elicited significant increments in Con A binding as early as 5 min after addition of estrogen to cell suspensions, the increment in agglutination attributable to hormone treatment consistently ranged from 1.5-3 times greater than the increase in lectin binding. These estrogenic effects were reduced by incubation of the endometrial cells at 4 C or when cortisol, 3 X 10(-6)M, was present with estradiol-17beta. In parallel experiments, treatment with DES and estradiol-17beta, but not estradiol-17 alpha, also enhanced the release of cathepsin B 1 and acid phosphatase from uterine segments into the particle-free extracellular media in which the tissues had been incubated for 30-60 min. The marked increment in the extracellular activity of the lysosomal hydrolases induced by estrogen treatment was suppressed in cells incubated at 4 C or when cortisol was present concomitantly. These and related data suggest the hypothesis that acute increments in lysosomal hydrolase activity may contribute to cell surface alterations which have been described in both normal and aberrant processes of cell growth.
Identification and Analysis of Robot Manipulator Singularities (1992)

The existence of singular positions inside the robot workspace is an inherent problem for task planning and robot control. At manipulator configurations near singular positions, very large joint motions are required to produce relatively small end-effector displacements. In the limit, when a singularity is encountered, the required joint motions become unbounded and the manipulator loses at least one degree of freedom. Identify ing the singularities in the robot workspace is not always an analytically tractable problem, except for manipulators with op portune placement of the joint axes. Typically, it is easier and more informative to evaluate the robot "arm" and "wrist" sin gularities, which reflect the limitations of the lower-order robot subsystems responsible for positioning and orienting, respec tively, the end effector in space. The objective of this article is to define analytically the interplay between the individual "arm" and "wrist" singularities and the global manipulator singularities. Specifically, a general formula that defines ma nipulator singularities in terms of the subsystem singularities is developed. The analysis leads to a novel, efficient method for identifying the singularities of six-axis manipulators. This is then illustrated through an example.
Tools & Toys: Finding Yourself (2004)

Presents information on the latest computer and engineering technologies and products.
Roles of Oxidants, Nitric Oxide, and Asymmetric Dimethylarginine in Endothelial Function (2008)

Vascular endothelium plays a crucial role in ensuring normal function and morphology of blood vessels, and many risk factors of atherosclerosis act via their effects on endothelial cells. However, endothelial dysfunction is induced by very different pathomechanisms. In principle, it is caused by an impaired bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) due to an inhibited synthesis (eg, by asymmetric dimethylarginine [ADMA]) or increased consumption of formed NO (by reactive oxygen species [ROS]). ROS can be synthesized in the organism (eg, by different enzymes) or can be administered from the environment (eg, by cigarette smoking), whereas ADMA is the subject of endogenous metabolism only. Many studies have elucidated the system of pathomechanisms and targeted some as potential goals for therapeutic interventions. This review demonstrates roles of ROS, NO, ADMA, endothelin, and estrogen in endothelial function and dysfunction focusing on homocysteinemia and diabetes mellitus and provide examples for the medical treatment of endothelial dysfunction.
Separation and determination of fluoride ion by using ion exchange resin loaded with Alizarin Fluorine Blue. (1987)

A new functional resin for the selective collection of fluoride ion was prepared from anionexchange resin and lanthanum complex of Alizarin Fluorine Blue (AFB-La). The resin loaded with AFB-La was effective for the selective adsorption of fluoride ion in batch and column operations. Fluoride ion adsorbed could be eluted completely with a small volume of 1 M sodium hydroxide, and the concentration of fluoride ion thus concentrated in the eluate was determined by using an ion selective electrode. The resin could be regenerated by washing with water and used repeatedly without functional deterioration. A satisfactory result was obtained by the use of this resin in the determination of fluoride ion present at concentrations lower than that which can be determined directly by the ion selective electrode method. The interference caused by common cations and anions was not serious except for Al3+ and Fe3+
Isothermal Oxidation of Sintered β-FeSi<sub>2</sub> in Air (2006)

High-temperature oxidation of sintered β-FeSi2 doped with Mn and Co was evaluated at 800°C in air. Amorphous SiO2 was developed as an oxide scale. Granular ε-FeSi also appeared below the SiO2 scale as a result of consumption of Si in β-FeSi2. Growth of the oxide scale on doped FeSi2 followed a parabolic law and its rate was similar to oxidation of undoped samples. Thermoelectric properties of sintered β-FeSi2 were also evaluated before and after oxidation at 800°C for 7 days. There was no significant change in thermoelectric properties after high-temperature oxidation on β-FeSi2 sintered bodies.
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Localization of Ictal Onset to a Dysplastic Cleft with Simultaneous Sensorimotor Mapping: Intraoperative Electrophysiological Confirmation and Postoperative Follow-up: Technical Note (1998)

This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging to demonstrate the inherent epileptogenicity of dysplastic cortex and to simultaneously map ictal and functional cortex. The N20 wave inversion can be a useful intraoperative tool for identifying the central sulcus (or its equivalent), even in the presence of abnormal cortical architecture.