gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
STRATEGIC WEAPONS BRING THE NEXT WAR TO YOUR FRONT DOOR (2006)

Strategic weapons are those instruments of war which are applied to transportation, sources of industrial strength, communications, or centers of government, to affect indirectly the outcome of a conflict. As such they are distinguished from weapons which are intended for use on the fighting armies directly. Of all strategic targets, the industrial cities of the homeland of a combatant country are among the most conspicuous. These can expect attack, deadly, certain, and effective, with modern strategic weapons. Very great improvements in weapons have occurred and more are in progress. The effectiveness of killing by atomic bombs is reasonably well known. The sinister nature of chemical developments is much less realized. Some nerve gases, such as the nitrogen mustards, and others disable the human body in a very ingenious way, and over longer intervals than other poisons, and need much less material to do so. They truly fall in the class of long range strategic weapons. Bacterial toxins are another facet of the chemical warfare scheme. Such poisons are in some cases about as efficiently toxic on a weight basis, as is radium, a substance too precious to use. Also, some bacterial toxins have the qualification of a delayed action of five or more hours. Enzymes and hormones may be used, and probably will be, in the next war. Chemical modifications of these can be employed to produce abnormal effects, possibly disturbing mental functions, and affecting the judgement of persons in authority. This would be a very subtle but quite effective form of war. In this way it is possible that there could be a serious form of war going on without the nation which is the subject of the aggression even knowing it. Perhaps the ultimate refinement in ingenious military inventions is the combining of radioactivity in hormone, enzyme, or toxin materials, thus using atomic energy in the manner of efficient and selective destruction of vital parts of target organisms. 1 Consultant, Tulsa, Oklahoma.
Doping‐Induced Carrier Density Modulation in Polymer Field‐Effect Transistors (2015)

Controlled device parameters of high-mobility polymer field-effect transistors (FETs) are demonstrated by modest doping and charge compensation. Through fleeting chemical vapor treatments of aligned poly[4-(4,4-dihexadecyl-4H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b']dithiophen-2-yl)-alt-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo-[3,4-c]pyridine] (PCDTPT) thin films as the charge transport layer in the FET channel, the FET properties are tailored by controlling doping concentration of the PCDTPT adjacent to metal electrodes.
Mutual Inductance Calculation of Movable Planar Coils on Parallel Surfaces (2009)

Recent developments of the wireless battery charging platform have prompted requirements to investigate the mutual inductance between a movable planar coil and the fixed planar coil on the charging platform. The wireless battery charging platform must allow the load to be placed anywhere on the charging surface. Therefore, the relative position between the movable energy-receiving coil and the energy-transmitting coils on the charging platform must be flexible. In this paper, an extended formula is proposed for the mutual inductance calculation for two coaxial or noncoaxial planar spiral windings sandwiched between two <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">double-layer</i> substrates. It can quickly determine the mutual coupling of two planar windings that can have different relative positions and distance between them. This new calculation method provides a new and useful tool for determining the mutual inductance of a movable planar coil and the fixed planar coil on the wireless battery charging platform. The theory has been favorably tested and compared with practical measurements and also with finite-element analysis.
Have We Neglected the Role of Fetal Endothelium in Transplacental Transport? (2013)

Maternal-to-fetal transfer of nutrient and other substances occurs across the placental barrier (PB) which is made up of endothelial cells (EC) on the fetal side and the syncytiotrophoblast (STB) on the maternal side. Numerous studies were conducted to explore the transport characteristics across the STB layer, which is also considered as the major resistance for maternal-to-fetal exchange of materials. In contrast the layer of EC has received very little attention if at all. A recently developed viable co-culture model of the PB revealed significant resistance of the EC layer for maternal-to-fetal transfer of glucose. This argues for a major contribution of the EC to overall transplacental transfer of nutrients. Accordingly, it is recommended to fill the void of knowledge and expand our understanding on the role of the feto-placental endothelium for transplacental transport characteristics.
Analytical and Experimental Evaluation of Aerodynamic Thrust Vectoring on an Aerospike Nozzle (2010)

Results from analytical and experimental investigations of aerodynamic thrust vectoring on a small-scale aerospike thruster are presented. The thrust vectoring system uses four secondary injection ports located at approximately 50% of the nozzle length. The nozzle was truncated at 57% of its theoretical length to enhance manufacturability. The resulting low-pressure base-area decreases overall thrust levels, and this effect is partially compensated-for by injecting mass from the nozzle base area. Two-dimensional method-of-characteristics techniques were used to size the system, and allowed calculation of the desired nozzle contours. CFD computations verified the method–of-characteristics solutions, and were used to visualize the associated secondary injection flow phenomena. Analytical calculations are correlated with experimental data measured with a custom-designed 6-degree-of-freedom thrust stand. In-situ calibration procedures for the thrust stand are presented. Data derived from cold-flow thrust vectoring tests with carbon dioxide as the working fluid are presented. These data demonstrate that the injected secondary flow pulses produce substantial side forces. These forces crisply reproduce input pulses with a high degree of fidelity. The achieved side force levels are approximately 1.5% of the total thrust level. Cold flowtests do not verify existence of an aerodynamic multiplying effect on the generated impulsive side force.
New Medicare Physician Fee Schedule Begins Implementation (1992)

New Medicare Physician Fee Schedule Begins Implementation Get access Karen S. Durham Karen S. Durham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Laboratory Medicine, Volume 23, Issue 2, 1 February 1992, Pages 77–78, https://doi.org/10.1093/labmed/23.2.77 Published: 01 February 1992
Synthesis of 5-Hydroxy-1, 3-Benzoxathiole (1980)

Abstract 5-Hydroxy-1,3-benzoxathiole (4) is the key intermediate for the preparation of several 1,3-benzoxathiole derivatives - e.g. acetals, ethers, sulfonates, esthers, etc. - which have shown interesting biological activities as juvenoids, insecticides and / or synergists for natural and synthetic insecticides1.
Fluoronaphthyridines and quinolones as antibacterial agents. 2. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new 1-tert-butyl 7-substituted derivatives (1990)

A number of 7-substituted-1-tert-butyl-6-fluoroquinolone-3-carboxylic acids and 7-substituted-1-tert-butyl-6-fluoro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids have been prepared and tested for antibacterial activities. Among those the 7-aminopyrrolidinyl 20b and the 7-diazabicyclo naphthyridine 18b are the most potent compounds in vitro and in vivo. Physicochemical data and acute toxicity are also discussed. Compound 18b, BMY 40062, exhibits the most favorable overall properties, considering in vitro and in vivo microbiological activity, its low toxicity, and pharmacokinetic profile, and was selected for clinical evaluation.
Nasotracheal Airway-Oropharyngeal Alimentary Canal: A Microvascular Technique for Reconstruction of the Upper Airway after Total Laryngectomy (1995)

Every patient who has to be laryngectomized because of a carcinoma is concerned with the loss of his or her voice and the presence of a permanent tracheostoma in his or her neck. While various methods for producing a substitute voice are available (esophageal voice, voice devices, voice-shunt operations with or without voice prosthesis), it is usually impossible after laryngectomy to reconstruct a complete upper airway so that the tracheostoma can be closed. One potential method for reconstruction of the airway is its division into a nasotracheal airway and an oropharyngeal alimentary canal. Ten Alsatian dogs were laryngectomized, and a microvascularly anastomosed jejunal autograft was inserted as a junction between the tracheal stump and the circularly exposed nasopharynx, while the pharynx was reconstructed separately. One week postoperatively, oral feeding could be started again; at the same time breathing was possible via the reconstructed nasotracheal airway, which was kept open by insertion of a silicone tube. By means of this microvascular technique, a complete nasal airway could be reconstructed surgically after laryngectomy.
Structural and Biochemical Effects of Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency on Peripheral Nerve (1980)

The effect of postweaning essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency on the peripheral nerve was studied in groups of rats. At 325 days, the characteristic biochemical changes of EFA deficiency were present in isolated peripheral myelin, although to a lesser degree than reported in non-neural tissues. There was no significant difference between control and deficient groups in number or size distributions of myelinated fibers (MFs) in muscle and sensory nerves, in the incidence of teased fiber abnormalities, in rates of axonal transport of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase and acetylcholinesterase, or in conduction velocity and compound action potentials of peripheral nerve in vivo or in vitro. Four weeks after a standard sciatic crush injury, the median MF diameter in regenerated peroneal nerves was significantly smaller in EFA-deficient rats than in control rats, but this difference was no longer significant at 18 weeks. At 18 weeks, EFA-deficient and control regenerated nerves showed similar myelin periodicity and relationship of axonal area to number of myelin lamellae. We conclude that acquired EFA deficiency in the rat leads to biochemically abnormal peripheral myelin, but that this state is unaccompanied by clinical, physiological, or morphological evidence of neuropathy.
Implementing a digital infrastructure for the lab using a central laboratory server and the SiLA2 communication standard (2020)

In this report, a fully integrated solution for laboratory digitization is presented. The approach presents a flexible and complete integration method for the digitally assisted workflow. The worker in the laboratory performs procedures in direct interaction with the digitized infrastructure that guides through the process and aids while performing tasks. The digital transformation of the laboratory starts with standardized integration of both new and "smart" lab devices, as well as legacy devices through a hardware gateway module. The open source Standardization in Lab Automation 2 standard is used for device communication. A central lab server channels all device communication and keeps a database record of every measurement, task and result generated or used in the lab. It acts as a central entry point for process management. This backbone enables a process control system to guide the worker through the lab process and provide additional assistance, like results of automated calculations or safety information. The description of the infrastructure and architecture is followed by a practical example on how to implement a digitized workflow. This approach is highly useful for - but not limited to - the biotechnological laboratory and has the potential to increase productivity in both industry and research for example by enabling automated documentation.
Predictors of Persistent Sleep Apnea After Surgery in Children Younger Than 3 Years (2013)

To evaluate residual OSA in a subgroup of children younger than 3 years after T&A and identify predictors of postoperative residual disease. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Retrospective review of medical records at a tertiary academic children's hospital involving children younger than 3 years who had OSA documented by polysomnogram(PSG) and underwent T&A during the period October 1, 2002, through June 30, 2010. Some of these children had both preoperative and postoperative PSGs. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Effect of T&A on sleep study parameters and predictors of persistent disease after surgery. RESULTS A total of 283 patients (mean [SD] age, 22 [7] months) underwent a preoperative PSG, with 70 of these patients having both a preoperative and postoperative PSG. In the group who had preoperative and postoperative PSGs, there were statistically significant improvements in mean (SD) apnea hypopnea index (AHI) (34.8 [40.7] to 5.7 [13.8]; P < .001), baseline oxygen saturation (96.6%[2.1%] to 97.2%[1.4%]; P = .05), minimum oxygen saturation (77.2%[11.4%] to 89.9%[6.8%]; P < .001), and sleep efficiency (84.7%[14.9%] to 88.7%[9.1%]; P = .02) after T&A. When AHI greater than 5 was used as the definition of OSA, 21% of the patients (15 of 70) had residual OSA. The most consistent predictor of residual OSA after T&A was the severity of preoperative OSA (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In a subgroup of children younger than 3 years with OSA, we found a high rate of residual OSA after T&A. Predictors of residual disease include severity of preoperative OSA as determined by PSG result. Postoperative PSGs might be indicated in these patients.
Correction to Flagella-Mediated Differences in Deposition Dynamics for Azotobacter vinelandii in Porous Media (2013)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Flagella-Mediated Differences in Deposition Dynamics for Azotobacter vinelandii in Porous MediaNanxi Lu, Tara Bevard, Arash Massoudieh, Changyong Zhang, Alice C. Dohnalkova, Julie L. Zilles, and Thanh H. Nguyen*Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2013, 47, 14, 8082Publication Date (Web):June 26, 2013Publication History Published online26 June 2013Published inissue 16 July 2013https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es402685vhttps://doi.org/10.1021/es402685vcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2013 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views274Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (117 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Crystallisation and physicochemical property characterisation of conformationally-locked co-crystals of fenamic acid derivatives (2015)

Co-crystals of fenamic acid and its highly polymorphic derivatives with 4,4′-bipyridine are prepared using various crystallisation techniques and have been shown to afford single polymorphic forms for each of the co-crystals.
Neural-network front ends in unsupervised learning (1997)

Proposed is an idea of partial supervision realized in the form of a neural-network front end to the schemes of unsupervised learning (clustering). This neural network leads to an anisotropic nature of the induced feature space. The anisotropic property of the space provides us with some of its local deformation necessary to properly represent labeled data and enhance efficiency of the mechanisms of clustering to be exploited afterwards. The training of the network is completed based upon available labeled patterns-a referential form of the labeling gives rise to reinforcement learning. It is shown that the discussed approach is universal and can be utilized in conjunction with any clustering method. Experimental studies are concentrated on three main categories of unsupervised learning including FUZZY ISODATA, Kohonen self-organizing maps, and hierarchical clustering.
A clinical problem-oriented decision support model based on extended temporal database functionalities. (2005)

Several diagnostic decision support systems have been proposed. Yet, such systems are not commonly used partly due to insufficient temporal reasoning. We have developed a clinical problem-oriented diagnostic decision support model that employs temporal reasoning by using extended temporal database functionalities developed at our lab. In addition, our model supports the workflow of the diagnostic process and employs detailed clinical data. We developed a prototype system that implements the concepts of the model.
Metals and Materials Waste Reduction, Recovery and Remediation (1994)

To foster in-depth discussion of emerging technologies for treatment, recycling, and remediation of metals, the symposium featured six consecutive sessions. Speakers were drawn from industry, consulting firms, government laboratories, and academia in the US, Canada, and Europe. The topics of the six sessions were novel separation processes; electrochemical and photochemical processes; in situ processes; process fundamentals, including aluminum production, and destruction of organic complexants; recycling, especially of high value metallic materials; and the technology and economics of minimization and recycling. The Symposium was organized by the Reactive Metals Committee of the Light Metals Division of TMS, and it was held as part of the 1994 Materials Week meeting in Rosemont, Illinois, October 3--6. Many of the papers presented describe process technologies of immediate applicability to the metals of traditional interest to the members of the committee, including the rare earths and actinides, refractory metals, titanium, lithium and aluminum. In keeping with the theme of generic developments in technology, processes for metals such as lead, copper and nickel are also covered. Individual papers have been processed separately for inclusion in the appropriate data bases.
Ancestral Eternity in Alice Walker’s The Temple Of My Familiar (2013)

Ancestral eternity in Walker's fiction undeniably opens a gateway to wisdom and cultural connectivity. Manifestations of infinite existence include Supreme Being directing the present generation to live in coordination and harmony. Ancient presence not only helps to resolve complex issues but also constructs a sublime identity where past and present is well assimilated. The concept of ancestry in Walker's fiction thus retains ambivalent relevance of African values and embodies continuous flow of cultural ethos. Ancestral presence in Walker's The Temple of My Familiar operates through the memory of Lissie, the protagonist who travels a world of endlessness, where animals and human beings cohabited in harmony. However, when the world today is torn with cut throat competition, materialism, malice and envy, such ideal living is of utmost importance. This mode of establishing values through ancestral eminence is innovative and also adds aesthetic beauty to presentation.
21st century locomotive technology: quarterly technical status report 26 (2009)

Parasitic losses due to hybrid sodium battery thermal management do not significantly reduce the fuel saving benefits of the hybrid locomotive. Optimal thermal management trajectories were converted into realizable algorithms which were robust and gave excellent performance to limit thermal excusions and maintain fuel savings.
lanthanum content and bottom electrodes (2001)

Ž. 4 PLZT lanthanum doped PZT Pb Zr , Ti O thin films with 5, 8 and 10 mol% lanthanum were processed via chemical 0.52 0.48 3 Ž.
Fascin expression is inversely correlated with breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 and predicts a worse survival outcome in node-negative breast cancer patients (2017)

<b>Background:</b> Fascin is an actin-bundling protein that promotes cancer cell migration and invasion. By contrast, breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) inhibits cancer metastasis by targeting multiple steps of the metastatic cascade. We evaluated whether expression patterns of fascin and BRMS1 correlate with clinicopathological features and patient outcome. <b>Methods:</b> Immunohistochemistry for fascin and BRMS1 was performed using a tissue microarray constructed from 183 human breast cancer tissues. Fascin expression determined by the proportion of stained tumor cells (0: 0-5%, 1: 6-25%, 2: 26-50%, 3: 51-75%, or 4: >75%) and staining intensity (0: negative, 1: weak, 2: moderate, or 3: strong) were multiplied and defined as negative (0-3) or positive (4-12). BRMS1 expression was scored separately based on nuclear and cytoplasmic staining intensity (0: negative, 1: weak, 2: moderate, 3: strong). We obtained the BRMS1 H score by summing the nuclear and cytoplasmic scores and defined it as negative (0-2) or positive (3-6). <b>Results:</b> Expression of BRMS1 showed a significant inverse correlation with that of fascin. Fascin<sup>+</sup> tumors were significantly associated with no lymph node metastasis, higher histological and higher nuclear grade, ER/PR/HER2 negativity, and triple-negative subtype (all <i>p</i>s < 0.05). These clinicopathological differences showed the same trend in a comparison of fascin<sup>-</sup>/BRMS1<sup>+</sup> and fascin<sup>+</sup>/BRMS1<sup>-</sup> tumors. Negative or weak BRMS1 cytoplasmic expression was significantly associated with shorter disease-free survival (DFS; <i>p</i> = 0.043). Fascin positivity was significantly associated with shorter DFS (<i>p</i> = 0.005) and overall survival (<i>p</i> = 0.020) when analyses were confined to node-negative patients. <b>Conclusions:</b> This study confirms an inverse correlation between expression of fascin and expression of BRMS1 using a quite large cohort of human breast cancer tissues. Fascin alone or combined with BRMS1 was a worse prognostic marker, particularly in node-negative breast cancer patients.
Properties of Whole and Undigested Fraction of Protein Bodies of Milled Rice (1978)

Journal Article Properties of Whole and Undigested Fraction of Protein Bodies of Milled Rice Get access Yonemi Tanaka, Yonemi Tanaka Former Postdoctoral fellow, IRRI. Permanent address: Fukuoka Agricultural Senior High School, Oosano Dazaifu-machi, Chikushi-gun, Fukuoka, Japan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Resurreccion Adoracion, Resurreccion Adoracion International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Bienvenido O Juliano, Bienvenido O Juliano International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Donald B Bechtel Donald B Bechtel U. S. Grain Marketing Research Center, Manhattan, Kansas, U. S. A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 42, Issue 11, 1 November 1978, Pages 2015–2023, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1978.10863302 Published: 01 November 1978 Article history Received: 15 May 1978 Published: 01 November 1978