gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rust Inhibitor Contamination-Related Problems in Military Aircraft Hydraulic Systems (2001)

Stuck servovalves were observed during pre-flight checks in some aircraft using MIL-PRF-83282 hydraulic fluid. Analysis of hydraulic fluid samples and stuck valves as described in the paper provided a link between valve failures and barium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate (BSN) content of the hydraulic fluid. The BSN contamination was traced to residual MIL-PRF-6083 preservative fluid that had not been drained from components before installation on the aircraft. The hypothesis was validated by laboratory tribological experiments using a reciprocating tribometer and grazing angle microscope Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Corrective actions included reemphasizing procedures to drain MIL-PRF-6083 from components and establishing a 10 ppm maximum limit for barium in new MIL-PRF-83282. Since the corrective actions were taken, no valves have locked up, further validation that the preservative fluid, MIL-PRF-6083, as a contaminant in the operational aircraft, is the root cause of the valve lockups. The recommended corrective actions were: 1) removing and cleaning the hydraulic valves; 2) assuring that the barium content of the aircraft hydraulic fluid does not exceed 15 ppm. Other factors besides the presence of BSN which contributed to the valve-sticking problem included: the elevated hydraulic fluid temperature, the valve design and materials, and the duty cycle. The simplest and most cost-effective solution to the problem was limiting the amount of BSN in the aircraft hydraulic system. Other aircraft hydraulic systems problems perceived to be caused by BSN contamination are discussed.
Vagina: evaluation with MR imaging. Part I. Normal anatomy and congenital anomalies. (1988)

The appearance of the vagina was evaluated on magnetic resonance (MR) images of 65 subjects who were healthy or had disease unrelated to the vagina and 24 patients with suspected congenital anomalies of the vagina. MR imaging accurately demonstrated the presence of (n = 78) or complete (n = 7) or partial (n = 4) absence of the vagina in each case. Partial (n = 2) or complete (n = 2) duplication of the vagina was also correctly diagnosed. Regardless of field strength, T2-predominant images were essential for evaluation. The transverse plane was optimal, and a 5-mm section thickness was preferable. Estrogen stimulation affected the appearance of the vagina: The contrast between the vaginal wall and the central mucus-containing area was greatest during the early proliferative and late secretory phases. MR imaging offers unique depiction of congenital anomalies and should be used when results of physical examination or other radiologic studies, such as ultrasound, are inconclusive.
Using X-Ray Mammograms to Assist in Microwave Breast Image Interpretation (2012)

Current clinical breast imaging modalities include ultrasound, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and the ubiquitous X-ray mammography. Microwave imaging, which takes advantage of differing electromagnetic properties to obtain image contrast, shows potential as a complementary imaging technique. As an emerging modality, interpretation of 3D microwave images poses a significant challenge. MR images are often used to assist in this task, and X-ray mammograms are readily available. However, X-ray mammograms provide 2D images of a breast under compression, resulting in significant geometric distortion. This paper presents a method to estimate the 3D shape of the breast and locations of regions of interest from standard clinical mammograms. The technique was developed using MR images as the reference 3D shape with the future intention of using microwave images. Twelve breast shapes were estimated and compared to ground truth MR images, resulting in a skin surface estimation accurate to within an average Euclidean distance of 10 mm. The 3D locations of regions of interest were estimated to be within the same clinical area of the breast as corresponding regions seen on MR imaging. These results encourage investigation into the use of mammography as a source of information to assist with microwave image interpretation as well as validation of microwave imaging techniques.
O1‐01‐01: Genome‐wide study for Alzheimer's disease in the Amish (2011)

To aid in our ability to identify AD risk genes, we are studying the genetically isolated and well-defined Amish populations of middle Ohio and northern Indiana. To date we have enrolled over 2300 Amish individuals with 135 of these having either probable or possible AD. Through the use of the Anabaptist Genealogy Database, we have accurately defined the kinship coefficients and the family structure among our collected individuals. We performed a genome-wide association study (Affymetrix Human SNP Array 6.0) and successfully genotyped 830 Amish individuals (125 with LOAD). Because of the relatedness of these individuals, we employed a novel test of association using the MQLS test, which uses kinship coefficients to correct for relatedness. We performed parametric and nonparametric 2-pt and parametric multipoint linkage analysis (Merlin, MINX) after using PedCut to divide our large pedigree into smaller, more computationally tractable sub-pedigrees. We conducted parametric multipoint linkage analysis in regions in which a 2-pt lod score =3 was calculated. Following extensive QC procedures, 614,957 SNPs were analyzed. Using the MQLS test, our most significant p-value (7.92 × 10−7) was at rs12361953 on chromosome 11 in LUZP2, leucine zipper protein 2 precursor. Fourteen additional SNPs generated p-values < 1 × 10−5, but none are near known AD loci (APOE, APP, PS1, PS2, PICALM, CLU, CR1, BIN1). A total of 45 regions contained at least one SNP with a 2-pt lod = 3. The highest multipoint peak (lod = 5.82, recessive model) was calculated at 2p12. Six genes lie within the 1-lod-unit interval, none of which have previously been associated to LOAD. The lowest MQLS p-value (1.29 × 10−4) under this peak is rs2974151 located in CTNNA2, catenin alpha 2 isoform 1, a neuronal-specific catenin. Three additional regions had a multipoint lodscore >3: 3q26, 9q31 and 18p11. The SNPs lowest MQLS p-values under these peaks are all < 9.0 × 10−4, however the top SNPs under each peak are not in genes. The GWAS results suggest novel non-APOE genetic effects for LOAD with the most compelling evidence for CTNNA2, which will be further explored with whole-exome sequencing.
Perception v. actual intakes of junk food and sugar-sweetened beverages in Australian young adults: assessed using the mobile food record (2017)

Perceptions and attitudes regarding JF and SSB were associated with level of consumption. Those not thinking about cutting down their intake of these foods represent an important target group as they consume more than their peers. Further research is needed to identify how amenable young adults are to changing their intake, particularly given the lack of attention paid to the health aspects of their diet.
Weak, strong, and coherent regimes of Fröhlich condensation and their applications to terahertz medicine and quantum consciousness (2009)

In 1968, Fröhlich showed that a driven set of oscillators can condense with nearly all of the supplied energy activating the vibrational mode of lowest frequency. This is a remarkable property usually compared with Bose-Einstein condensation, superconductivity, lasing, and other unique phenomena involving macroscopic quantum coherence. However, despite intense research, no unambiguous example has been documented. We determine the most likely experimental signatures of Fröhlich condensation and show that they are significant features remote from the extraordinary properties normally envisaged. Fröhlich condensates are classified into 3 types: weak condensates in which profound effects on chemical kinetics are possible, strong condensates in which an extremely large amount of energy is channeled into 1 vibrational mode, and coherent condensates in which this energy is placed in a single quantum state. Coherent condensates are shown to involve extremely large energies, to not be produced by the Wu-Austin dynamical Hamiltonian that provides the simplest depiction of Fröhlich condensates formed using mechanically supplied energy, and to be extremely fragile. They are inaccessible in a biological environment. Hence the Penrose-Hameroff orchestrated objective-reduction model and related theories for cognitive function that embody coherent Fröhlich condensation as an essential element are untenable. Weak condensates, however, may have profound effects on chemical and enzyme kinetics, and may be produced from biochemical energy or from radio frequency, microwave, or terahertz radiation. Pokorný's observed 8.085-MHz microtubulin resonance is identified as a possible candidate, with microwave reactors (green chemistry) and terahertz medicine appearing as other feasible sources.
Influence of Nursing on the Release of Prolactin and GH in Mice with High and Low Incidence of Mammary Tumors (1974)

The present experiments were designed to compare the release of prolactin (PRL) and GH in response to nursing in a mammary tumor susceptible (C3H/St) and a tumor-resistant strain (C57BL/St) of mice using radioimmunoassay techniques. In addition, the influence of nursing on GH release in the rat was also investigated. Prolactin was released in great quantities in mice of both strains, with the concentration in serum rising by 5-10-fold after 30 min of nursing.However, serum PRL concentrations after nursing were generally lower in C3H/St mice than C57BL/St mice, even though the former depleted significantly more (∼40%) PRL from the pituitary gland in 1 hr of nursingthan the latter. The data suggest greater PRL metabolism by C3H/St than C57BL/St mice. Ergot compounds successfully blocked nursinginduced PRL release in mice of both strains. In contrast to PRL, the concentration of GH in serum usually decreased or remained unchanged alter nursing in mice of both strains and in rats. It made no difference whether blood was obtained by orbital puncture or decapitation. Changes in GH concentration of the pituitary seemed dependentupon the method of extraction. When glands were extracted with 0.05M NaHCO3−Na2CO3 buffer, pH 10, the yield of GH was greater than by saline extraction, but no significant differences between nursing and nonnursing mice or rats were detected by radioimmunoassay, bioassay, or disc electrophoresis. However, pituitary concentration of GH was found to be lower in nursing rats if extraction was performed with 0.85% NaCl solution, which suggested that nursing may alter the saline extractability of GH from rat pituitary glands. Pituitary PRL, thoughalso less extractable with saline, appeared equally depleted by nursing in each case. The results demonstrate that nursing does not induce release of radioimmunoassayable GH in mice or rats despite concurrent release of PRL. (Endocrinology95: 947, 1974)
Spectrally efficient multiuser space-time modulation (2003)

To achieve full transmit diversity for a single user with N/sub T/ antennas the coherence time of the channel has to be at least N/sub T/ time-slots long. The same minimum number of slots (or dimensions) guarantees full transmit diversity for every user in a "narrowband" multiuser system in which all users communicate simultaneously and occupy the same bandwidth. However, with an increase in the number of users, an increasing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is required of each user to achieve the same error probability as in the single-user case. We showed earlier that this SNR penalty can be alleviated, and even eliminated for sufficiently high SNR, with only a marginal increase of the bandwidth and a judicious design of "spreading matrices" that spread a single-user space-time constellation or (block-) code. In other words, such signaling exploits multiuser diversity and ensures that each user enjoys single-user like performance for sufficiently high SNR. For instance, for N/sub T/-transmit antennas per user and a single-user space-time constellation that requires only the minimum time-slots N/sub T/, no more than N/sub T/+1 slots are required for the common signal space of any number of users. We present here simplified design criteria to obtain the spreading sequences/matrices. We also show that the optimum multiuser receiver can be implemented by the (generalized) sphere decoder of Damen et al. (see IEE Electronics Letters, vol.36, no.2, p.166-167, 2000).
Nanostructuring Titania by Embossing with Polymer Molds Made from Anodic Alumina Templates (2005)

We demonstrate a method for embossing titania sol−gel precursor with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) molds to make thin films of titania that have dense arrays of 35−65 nm diameter pores, whose features are 1 order of magnitude smaller than those previously demonstrated for sol−gel molding. We show that the high modulus of PMMA is necessary to preserve small features with high aspect ratios on the mold for nanopatterning. The molds are prepared by thermally infiltrating PMMA into anodic alumina templates, whose pore dimensions and depths are adjustable by varying anodization conditions. The difficulties associated with mold release from a master are avoided by wet etching the template. These titania films, and others made with other semiconductors, could be useful for photovoltaic, photocatalytic, and sensing applications where nanostructuring of surfaces with controlled dimensions are essential.
Development of ulvan‐based emulsions containing flavour and fragrances for food and cosmetic applications (2019)

Abstract In the present work, ulvan, a sulphated polysaccharide of algal origin, was innovatively investigated as stabilizing and emulsifying agent in colloidal formulations containing functional agents for food and cosmetic applications in virtue of its edibility and amphiphilic character. Ulvan was successfully submitted to chemical modification with biocompatible fatty acid moieties to increase the amphiphilic properties of the polysaccharide without compromising its safety profile. Oil in water (O/W) emulsions were developed using the ultrasonication method as an easy and rapid homogenization process. The stability of the obtained formulations was assessed by visual inspection, size distribution and zeta potential analysis. Stable emulsions were obtained by using either native or chemically modified polysaccharide. The most promising formulations based on the use of native ulvan were successfully implemented as clouding and flavouring agents in soft drink beverages and as stabilizing and perfuming agents in body cream milk products. The obtained results may open new perspectives on the exploitation of abundant waste biomasses as sources of biocompatible high value added materials suitable for being applied in critical applications as a safe alternative to synthetic chemicals. In particular ulvan could represent a valuable platform of functional and bioactive compounds with promising properties as stabilizing and emulsifying agents for food and cosmetic applications.
Physiochemical stability of pharmaceutical phosphate buffer solutions. IV. Prevention of precipitation in parenteral phosphate solutions. (1987)

Complexing agents showing strong complexation for Ca(II) and Al(HI) were formulated for preparing physicochemically stable parenteral phosphate solutions. From results of a model experiment, a correlation was confirmed between precipitation in the phosphate buffer solutions and the amount of Ca(II) and/or Al(III) remaining in the solution. To prevent precipitation in parenteral phosphate solutions, EDTA was found to be effective in the range pH 5 to pH 9, carboxylic acids such as citric acid and maleic acid in acidic to neutral solutions, and pyrophosphate and lysine HCl in alkaline solutions. Further, elimination of the metals causing the precipitation from phosphate buffer was studied using ion-exchange resin treatment, and the phosphate buffer treated under the proposed conditions was found to be satisfactorily applicable to parenteral buffer solutions.
[Detection and course of spontaneous extravasation of contrast media in excretory urography]. (1987)

On the basis of two own cases and the present literature causes, symptoms and forms of the course of the spontaneous extravasation of contrast remedies are described. In the predominant part of the cases a conservative therapy is indicated. In a persisting rupture of the pelvicalyceal system in dependence of the clinical symptomatology an operative approach becomes necessary.
The active site structure and catalytic mechanism of arsenite oxidase (2017)

Arsenite oxidase is thought to be an ancient enzyme, originating before the divergence of the Archaea and the Bacteria. We have investigated the nature of the molybdenum active site of the arsenite oxidase from the Alphaproteobacterium Rhizobium sp. str. NT-26 using a combination of X-ray absorption spectroscopy and computational chemistry. Our analysis indicates an oxidized Mo(VI) active site with a structure that is far from equilibrium. We propose that this is an entatic state imposed by the protein on the active site through relative orientation of the two molybdopterin cofactors, in a variant of the Rây-Dutt twist of classical coordination chemistry, which we call the pterin twist hypothesis. We discuss the implications of this hypothesis for other putatively ancient molybdopterin-based enzymes.
Significance of early prostate‐specific antigen values after salvage radiotherapy in recurrent prostate cancer patients treated with surgery (2014)

A prostate-specific antigen value over 0.2 ng/mL at post-salvage radiotherapy 4 months and prostate-specific antigen percent decline ≥ 0.45 are negative predictors of clinical recurrence-free survival after salvage radiotherapy. Prostate-specific antigen percent decline ≥ 0.45 is also associated with worse biochemical failure-free survival after salvage radiotherapy. Patients with delayed prostate-specific antigen decrease should be carefully observed for clinical recurrence.
Prothrombin Time for Detection of Contaminated Heparins (2008)

These authors report on the use of prothrombin time to detect OSCS contamination in both unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparins. At concentrations of 5 _6;g per milliliter or less, contaminated unfractionated heparin, but not unfractionated heparin, shortened the prothrombin time.
ImmunoPET helps predicting the efficacy of antibody-drug conjugates targeting TENB2 and STEAP1 (2016)

The efficacy of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) targeted to solid tumors depends on biological processes that are hard to monitor in vivo. 89Zr-immunoPET of the ADC antibodies could help understand the performance of ADCs in the clinic by confirming the necessary penetration, binding, and internalization. This work studied monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) ADCs against two targets in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, TENB2 and STEAP1, in four patient-derived tumor models (LuCaP35V, LuCaP70, LuCaP77, LuCaP96.1). Three aspects of ADC biology were measured and compared: efficacy was measured in tumor growth inhibition studies; target expression was measured by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry; and tumor antibody uptake was measured with 111In-mAbs and gamma counting or with 89Zr-immunoPET. Within each model, the mAb with the highest tumor uptake showed the greatest potency as an ADC. Sensitivity between models varied, with the LuCaP77 model showing weak efficacy despite high target expression and high antibody uptake. Ex vivo analysis confirmed the in vivo results, showing a correlation between expression, uptake and ADC efficacy. We conclude that 89Zr-immunoPET data can demonstrate which ADC candidates achieve the penetration, binding, and internalization necessary for efficacy in tumors sensitive to the toxic payload.
Evaluation of the surface reflectance retrieval on the satellite data (2007)

Electromagnetic radiance acquired by sensors is distorted mainly by atmospheric absorbing and scattering. Atmospheric correction is required for quantitatively analysis of remote sensing information. Radiation transfer model based atmospheric correction usually needs some atmospheric parameters to be chosen and estimated reasonably in advance when atmospheric observation data is lacked. In our work, a radiometric calibration was applied on the satellite data using revised coefficients at first. Then several parameters were determined for the correction process, taking into account the earth's surface and atmospheric properties of the study area. Moreover, the atmospheric correction was implemented using 6S code and the surface reflectance was retrieved. Lastly, the influence of atmospheric correction on spectral response characteristics of different land covers was discussed in respects of the spectral response curve, NDVI and the classification process, respectively. The results showed that the reflectance of all land covers decreases evidently in three visible bands, but increases in the near-infrared and shortwave infrared bands after atmospheric correction. NDVI of land covers also increases obviously after atmospheric influence was removed, and NDVI derived from the surface reflectance is the highest comparing to that from the original digital number and the top of atmosphere reflectance. The accuracy of the supervised classification is improved greatly, which is up to 87.23%, after the atmospheric effect is corrected. Methods of the parameter determination can be used for reference in similar studies.
Patience Sorting (1962)

Related DatabasesWeb of Science You must be logged in with an active subscription to view this.Article DataHistoryPublished online: 18 July 2006Publication DataISSN (print): 0036-1445ISSN (online): 1095-7200Publisher: Society for Industrial and Applied MathematicsCODEN: siread
Joint channel equalization and interference rejection using a modified constant modulus algorithm (2003)

The authors propose an equalizer structure that combines the properties of both a standard decision-directed equalizer based on a minimum mean-squared error criterion and the '2-1' version constant modulus algorithm (CMA) equalizer. Analytical bit error rate results are presented for a BPSK direct-sequence spread-spectrum system that uses a finite-impulse-response adaptive equalizer based on such a scheme. Severe Frequency-selective distortion and inband tone interference are used as impairments. Preliminary results show 1-3 dB of improvement at low chip energy-to-noise ratios when using a combined CMA and recursive least-squares (RLS) cost function over the decision-directed RLS alone.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: HOMOLYTIC AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION BY HETEROCYCLIC FREE RADICALS, REACTION OF 3‐QUINOLYL AND 8‐QUINOLYL RADICALS WITH AROMATIC COMPOUNDS (1975)

Abstract Die aus 3‐ und 8‐Amino‐chinolinen (I) bzw. (II) erhaltenen Radikale werden zur aromatischen Substitution mit verschiedenen aromatischen Substraten (III) eingesetzt.
Thermolysis of geminal diazido compounds (1984)

Thermal decomposition of 3,3-diazidotetrahydroquinoline-2,4-diones (1) yields 3-diazotetrahydroquinoline-2,4-diones (3) as side products and not 3-cyanotetrahydroquinazoline-2,4-diones, as previously assumed.
New Method for Estimation of Mobile Location Based on Signal Attenuation and Hata Model Signal Prediction (2005)

This paper proposes a new algorithm, based on the received signal strength, for mobile location estimation. The algorithm, considering path loss and shadowing for the channel, estimates the distance between the mobile and the home and neighboring base stations, and computes an improved form of the weighted gravity center of the above estimated distances. Simulation results show that the mean error estimation of the mobile location obtained by the proposed algorithm is much smaller than that of the cell-ID, and it is at least 15% better than that of the weighted gravity center method.