gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Universal Geocast Scheme for VANETs (2011)

Recently, a number of communications schemes have been proposed for Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs). A promising approach, the Universal Geocast Scheme (UGS), provides for a diverse variety of VANET-specific characteristics such as time-varying topology, protocol variation based on road congestion, and support for non line-of-sight communication. In this paper, the UGS protocol is extended to consider inter-vehicle multi-hop connections in intersections with surrounding obstructions. Since UGS is a probabilistic, repetition-based scheme, it supports the capacity-delay tradeoffs crucial for periodic safety message exchange. The approach is shown to support both vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. This research accurately evaluates this scheme using network (NS-2) and mobility (SUMO) simulators, verifying two crucial elements of successful VANETs, received packet ratio and message delay. A contemporary wireless radio propagation model is used to augment accuracy. Our results show a 6% improvement in received packet ratio combined with a decrease in average packet delay versus a previous, well-known inter vehicle communication protocol.
Developing a graphical definition system for a spatial parser generator (2004)

Spatial parser generators automatically generate a parser of visual languages by providing grammars. The grammar is specified using text. The grammar would be easier to understand if we used a figure to input the grammar. We describe an approach in This work that graphically defines grammar. Direct manipulation is used to define grammar in our approach, which helps the user understand the meaning. We implement the GIGA system, which enables the user to define the grammar by drawing figures. GIGA displays each element of a rule visually. The user can define the grammar easily and can understand the grammar visually. Moreover, GIGA outputs the defined visual system to a file written in CMC text form. The user can execute the system by inputting the file into Eviss.
Abstract 12299: Rejuvenation of the Bone Marrow-Derived Cardiac Resident Sca-1+ Stem Cell Subset Improved Healing of the Aged Heart (2015)

Introduction: We previously reported that bone marrow (BM) reconstitution with young BM cells into aged recipients restored progenitors in both the BM and the myocardium and improved functional recovery post-injury. Here, our goal was to identify the specific cell type responsible for the improved cardiac regeneration and to restore that capacity in aged individuals after myocardial infarction (MI). Methods and Results: We reconstituted old mice with BM cells from young or old GFP+ mice to generate young chimeras and old chimeras. The number of BM-derived Sca-1+ progenitors homing to the heart was significantly greater in young chimeras compared to old ones (7.14±0.32/field for young vs 2.48±0.78/field for old, P&lt;0.01, 5 high-powered fields/section, 3 sections/heart, 3 animals/group). We then separated Sca-1+ from Sca-1- young donor BM cells using magnetic cell sorting and transplanted them into lethally-irradiated old recipients to generate Sca-1+ and Sca-1- chimeras. Quantification by flow cytometry of heart tissue revealed: 1) the Sca-1+ chimeras had more BM-derived cells that co-expressed PDGFRβ (1.65±0.13% for Sca-1+ vs 0.52±0.09% for Sca-1-, P&lt;0.05, n=4/group) and 2) the number of GFP+ PDGFRβ+ cells was greater in the Sca-1+ chimeric hearts than the Sca-1- chimeric hearts after MI (3.77±0.55% for Sca-1+ vs 0.85±0.106% for Sca-1-, P&lt;0.05, n=3/group). The BM-derived cells that homed to the heart in the Sca-1+ chimeras actively proliferated, stimulated proliferation of the host’s aged progenitors and improved ventricular function after MI. BM chimerism with Sca-1+ cells in aged mice restored the regenerative capability of cardiac resident progenitors and improved functional healing of the aged heart. Conclusions: BM Sca-1+ cells that homed to the heart in aged recipients proliferated and stimulated the propagation of host aged progenitor cells post-MI. This improved regeneration involved activation of the PDGFRβ/Akt/p27Kip1 signaling pathway. The number of BM-derived Sca-1+ progenitor cells in the aged myocardium was the major determinant for successful cardiac functional recovery. Restoration of the Sca-1 subset of stem cells by BM reconstitution improved cardiac repair and prevented heart failure.
Somatostatin: Analogs with Selected Biological Activities (1977)

[D-Cys14]-Somatostatin is the first analog of somatostatin found to be more potent in inhibiting glucagon and growth hormone secretion that it is in inhibiting insulin secretion. [D-Trp8]-Somatostatin is eight to ten times more potent than somatostatin in inhibiting insulin, glucagon, and growth hormone secretion. [D-Trp8, D-Cys14]-Somatostatin is more potent than [D-Cys14]-Somatostatin, but retains its relative selectivity in being a more potent inhibitor of the secretion of glucagon and growth hormone than of insulin.
Modems (2003)

Abstract With the recent proliferation of data communication mechanisms involving personal computers (PCs), the selection of a specific communication protocol/method has become a non‐trivial task. The objective of the current article is to present the concepts and features of modems. Starting with the more commonly used dial‐up modem, the reader is gradually introduced to the other “advanced” modems like DSL and cable modems.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NEW Bi1.5-xCuNb1.5+xO7+x PYROCHLORES (2011)

A new pyrochlore solid solution, Bi1.5-xCuNb1.5+xO7+x has been synthesized using conventional solid state method. The synthesized ceramic samples were fired at 925ºC and their phase purities were analyzed using Shimadzu XRD-6000, X-ray powder diffractometer. The refinement process was performed using Chekcell programme with Fd-3m symmetry. The cubic pyrochlore structures were confirmed with a = 10.5024 (3) Å and 10.5092 (5) Å for x = 0.1 and x = 0.2, respectively. Lattice constants of the cubic pyrochlore have been found increased with increase of Nb content. On the other hand, the resulting powder was pelletized and sintered at sintering temperature prior to impedance spectroscopy (IS) measurement. The electrical measurement was carried out in the frequency range of 0.1 Hz – 10 MHz over a temperature from room temperature to 800ºC, in both cooling and heating cycles.
Afamin and Apolipoprotein A-IV: Novel Protein Markers for Ovarian Cancer (2009)

Comparative proteomics identified the vitamin E-binding plasma protein afamin as a potential novel tumor marker for ovarian cancer. In addition, we observed in a previous small study decreased plasma concentrations of apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV) in preoperative patients with kidney cancer. The aim of this study was therefore to analyze afamin and apoA-IV in a large case-control study to evaluate the diagnostic utility of the two potential novel tumor markers in ovarian cancer patients. We measured plasma concentrations of afamin and apoA-IV by means of a specific sandwich-type ELISA using affinity-purified polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies in 181 ovarian cancer patients of various clinical stages, 399 patients with benign gynecologic diseases, including endometriosis, and 177 controls and compared results with those for the conventional ovarian cancer tumor marker cancer antigen 125 (CA125). Afamin concentrations decreased from a median of 70.7 mg/L (range, 34.6-116.1 mg/L) in healthy controls to 65.2 mg/L (range, 20.2-206.6 mg/L) in patients with benign gynecologic diseases to 56.0 mg/L (range, 4.7-96.0 mg/L) in ovarian cancer patients (P < 0.001 for all pairwise comparisons). Similar results were obtained with apoA-IV concentrations decreasing from 13.0 mg/dL (range, 5.5-34.0 mg/dL) in controls to 11.7 mg/dL (range, 2.0-32.3 mg/dL) in benign conditions to 9.4 mg/dL (range, 0.3-29.5 mg/dL) in ovarian cancer (all P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis for differentiating ovarian cancer patients from healthy controls revealed for a specificity of 90% sensitivity values of 92.4%, 42.4%, and 40.8% for CA125, afamin, and apoA-IV, respectively. Afamin, but not apoA-IV, added independent diagnostic information to CA125 and age for differentiating ovarian cancer from benign and healthy samples; the odds ratio of ovarian cancer was reduced by 44% for each doubling of afamin (P = 0.032). The relatively low sensitivity, however, clearly indicates that afamin and apoA-IV alone are not sufficiently suitable as diagnostic markers for ovarian cancer. Afamin contributes, however, independent diagnostic information to CA125, thus establishing its potential as an adjunct marker to CA125.
Applications of pump modulated UV supercontinuum (2023)

UV supercontinuum based on gas filled anti resonant hollow core fibers is demonstrated to have passed a major milestone by providing spectral properties comparable to those of plasma arc lamps, namely a broad, flat, low noise, and stable spectrum. The primary advancement is the use of pump modulation which flattens the spectrum by more than 20dB. As proof of concept, results from scatterometry measurements, with both UV supercontinuum and plasma arc lamps are shown to produce comparable results. However, UV supercontinuum can meet additional requirements making it suitable for many cutting-edge UV metrology applications such as imaging and spectroscopy.
Alternative procedures for acquiring acousto-optic data for computerized tomographic evaluation of sound fields (1980)

The principles of computerized transverse tomography can be applied to acousto-optic data for evaluation of local sound pressure. One numerical technique involves building the two-dimensional Fourier domain associated with the decomposition of the sound field into plane waves. Data acquired in one manner allows building this domain along radial spokes which is not readily convenient for numerical processing by digital FFT algorithms. In this paper we present an alternative data collection procedure which allows building the Fourier domain in a rectangular format which is compatible with two-dimensional FFT algorithms. Moreover, with this new method, it is possible to evaluate the pressure along a line for a limited set of data using only a one-dimensional FFT.
Determination of cross sections of excitation transfer between the fine-structure components of Cs(72P), Rb(62P) and Rb(72P) induced by collisions with rare-gas atoms (1981)

Cross sections of excitation transfer between the fine-structure sublevels of Cs(72P), Rb(62P) and Rb(72P) induced by collisions with rare-gas atoms have been determined from the time dependence of the sensitised fluorescence. The Cs and Rb atoms, contained in absorption cells filled with inert gases at different pressures, were excited using a pulsed dye laser pumped by a nitrogen laser. The fluorescence was observed time resolved employing a photon counting technique. The use of a two-level approximation allowed the Maxwellian (velocity) averaged transfer cross sections to be calculated. Comparison of the cross section values determined in this work with the values quoted by other authors shows good consistency in the case of Rb 62P inert-gas collisions while in the case of Cs 72P inert-gas collisions there are some discrepancies. Rb 72P excitation transfer has not been dealt with before.
Predictability of Precipitation from Continental Radar Images. Part III: Operational Nowcasting Implementation (MAPLE) (2004)

Filtering of nonpredictable scales of precipitation can be used to improve forecast precision (rms). Previous papers have studied the scale dependence of predictability of patterns of instantaneous rainfall rate and of probabilistic forecasts. In this paper, motivated by the often localized, intermittent nature of rainfall, the wavelet transform is used to develop measures of predictability at each scale. These measures are then used to design optimal forecast filters. This method is applied to radar composites of rainfall reflectivity over much of the continental United States and is developed to be appropriate for operational forecasts of rainfall rates and raining areas. For the four precipitation events studied, the average correlation at 4-h lead time was increased from 0.50 for the original nowcasts to 0.62 with forecast filtering. This forecast filtering is incorporated into the McGill Algorithm for Precipitation Nowcasting by Lagrangian Extrapolation (MAPLE), which now includes variational echo tracking, a semi-Lagrangian advection scheme, scale-based filtering, and appropriate rescaling of the filtered nowcast fields.
Supplementary Table and Figures from PPAR-Induced Fatty Acid Oxidation in T Cells Increases the Number of Tumor-Reactive CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells and Facilitates Anti–PD-1 Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S1, Figure S1, Figure S2. Figure S3, Figure S4, Figure S5, Figure S6, Figure S7, Figure S8&lt;/p&gt;
ELECTRON MICROGRAPHIC OBSERVATIONS ON THE EMIGRATION OF LEUCOCYTES (1960)

Electron micrographs have been made of small venules in the rat's mesentery after exposure to mild mechanical trauma. Stages in the migration of blood cells are illustrated. Polymorphonuclear leucocytes seem sometimes to penetrate the endothelium at or near cell junctions, but they may also be able to penetrate the endothelial cytoplasm at other points. After the passage of the leucocytes through the endothelium no sign of a passage way can be seen. The emigrating leucocytes may be held up for a time by the basement membrane of the endothelium or by the periendothelial tissues but these are eventually penetrated so that the leucocytes become free in the surrounding tissue. Eosinophils and probably monocytes were seen passing through the vessel walls apparently in a manner similar to that of the polymorphs. Red blood cells were seen in process of going through the endothelium but the pictures do not show whether they pass through it in holes made by leucocytes.
Evaluating the performance and intrusiveness of virtual machines for desktop grid computing (2009)

We experimentally evaluate the performance overhead of the virtual environments VMware Player, QEMU, VirtualPC and VirtualBox on a dual-core machine. Firstly, we assess the performance of a Linux guest OS running on a virtual machine by separately benchmarking the CPU, file I/O and the network bandwidth. These values are compared to the performance achieved when applications are run on a Linux OS directly over the physical machine. Secondly, we measure the impact that a virtual machine running a volunteer @home project worker causes on a host OS. Results show that performance attainable on virtual machines depends simultaneously on the virtual machine software and on the application type, with CPU-bound applications much less impacted than IO-bound ones. Additionally, the performance impact on the host OS caused by a virtual machine using all the virtual CPU, ranges from 10% to 35%, depending on the virtual environment.
BLIMP-1 and STAT3 Counterregulate MicroRNA-21 during Plasma Cell Differentiation (2012)

During cellular differentiation, mRNA transcription and translation require precise coordination. The mechanisms controlling this are not well defined. IL-21 is an important regulator of plasma cell differentiation, and it controls the master regulator of plasma cell differentiation, B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (BLIMP-1), via STAT3 and IRF4. Among the other targets of STAT3 is microRNA-21 (miR-21). miR-21 is the most frequently deregulated microRNA in malignancy, including B cell lymphomas, and it has oncogenic potential downstream of STAT3. However, the regulation and function of miR-21 during plasma cell differentiation are not characterized. In contrast to the induction of miR-21 observed in response to STAT3 activation in other systems, we demonstrate that miR-21 is repressed during IL-21-driven plasma cell differentiation. We explored the molecular basis for this repression and identify primary miR-21 transcription as a direct target of BLIMP-1-dependent repression, despite continued STAT3 activation and phospho-STAT3 binding to the primary miR-21 promoter. Thus, STAT3 and BLIMP-1 constitute an incoherent feed-forward loop downstream of IL-21 that can coordinate microRNA with mRNA expression during plasma cell differentiation.
Fluorescence lifetime tomography of live cells expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein embedded in a scattering medium exhibiting background autofluorescence (2007)

We present a novel fluorescence lifetime tomography system applied to a highly scattering autofluorescent phantom containing live cells expressing the fluorophore enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). The fluorescence signal was excited using a fiber-laser-pumped supercontinuum source and detected using wide-field time gating imaging. To facilitate rapid 3D reconstruction of the fluorescence lifetime distribution, the time-resolved data were Fourier-transformed in time to give complex functions that formed a data set for the Fourier domain reconstruction. Initially the presence of an unspecified background autofluorescence signal impeded reconstruction of the lifetime distribution, but we show that this problem can be addressed using a simple iterative technique.
Body mass index, new modes of TV viewing and active video games (2016)

Among women, online TV, TV viewed on hand-held devices and the sum of non-broadcast TV time were associated with higher BMI. Broadcast TV was also associated with BMI in women and men.
Oscillometric blood pressure measurements: A signal analysis (2010)

In this paper, the oscillometric waveform measured by automatic non-invasive blood pressure meters (NIBP) is analyzed by transforming the data from the time domain to the frequency domain. The signal's spectrum of the oscillometric waveform is in current literature badly understood or explored. The only known link between the oscillometric waveform and the blood pressure is the maximum of the oscillometry's envelope equalling the mean arterial pressure (MAP). This link is established under the assumption that the oscillometry is an AM-signal. Unfortunately, computing the MAP is difficult in practice due to the non-sinusoidal nature of the actual measured signals. In this paper, we construct the best AM-signal approximation of the oscillometry and explore its use to compute the MAP.
Investigation of Interfacial Shear Strength in SiC/Si3N4 Composites (2008)

A fiber push-out technique was used to determine fiber/matrix interfacial shear strength (ISS) for silicon carbide fiber-reinforced reaction-bonded silicon nitride (SiC/RBSN) composites in the as-fabricated condition and after consolidation by hot isostatic pressing (HIP'ing). In situ video microscopy and acoustic emission detection greatly aided the interpretation of push-out load/displacement curves. The as-fabricated and HIP'ed SiC/RBSN composites showed very different fiber push-out behavior as reflected by differently shaped load/displacement curves. The push-out data revealed the presence of definite, but weak, fiber/matrix bonding in both the as-fabricated composite and a composite HIP'ed at low temperature and showed the absence of fiber/matrix bonding in a composite HIP'ed at high temperature. The HIP'ed composites exhibited significantly higher frictional interfacial shear stresses as well as evidence of interfacial wear during fiber sliding. Finally, fiber push-out testing of different thickness samples revealed two regimes of fiber/matrix debonding behavior. For thicker samples, a single complete debonding event occurs, whereas for thicker samples, a debond initiation of a critical length occurs and is followed by stable debond propagation with increasing applied load.
t(11;22) in three cases of peripheral neuroepithelioma (1990)

Short-term cultures of three cases of peripheral neuroepitheliomas were studied using G-banding technique. A t(11;22)(q24;q12) was recognized in all three tumors. The results strengthen the hypothesis of a common histogenesis for neuroepithelioma, Ewing's sarcoma, and the Askin tumor.
A study on low-power, nanosecond operation and multilevel bipolar resistance switching in Ti/ZrO2/Pt nonvolatile memory with 1T1R architecture (2012)

Low-power, bipolar resistive switching (RS) characteristics in the Ti/ZrO2/Pt nonvolatile memory with one transistor and one resistor (1T1R) architecture were reported. Multilevel storage behavior was observed by modulating the amplitude of the MOSFET gate voltage, in which the transistor functions as a current limiter. Furthermore, multilevel storage was also executed by controlling the reset voltage, leading the resistive random access memory (RRAM) to the multiple metastable low resistance state (LRS). The experimental results on the measured electrical properties of the various sized devices confirm that the RS mechanism of the Ti/ZrO2/Pt structure obeys the conducting filaments model. In application, the devices exhibit high-speed switching performances (250 ns) with suitable high/low resistance state ratio (HRS/LRS > 10). The LRS of the devices with 10 year retention ability at 80 °C, based on the Arrhenius equation, is also demonstrated in the thermal accelerating test. Furthermore, the ramping gate voltage method with fixed drain voltage is used to switch the 1T1R memory cells for upgrading the memory performances. Our experimental results suggest that the ZrO2-based RRAM is a prospective alternative for nonvolatile multilevel memory device applications.
Benchmarking and improving point cloud data management in MonetDB (2015)

The popularity, availability and sizes of point cloud data sets are increasing, thus raising interesting data management and processing challenges. Various software solutions are available for the management of point cloud data. A benchmark for point cloud data management systems was defined and it was executed for several solutions. In this paper we focus on the solutions based on the column-store MonetDB, the generic out-of-the-box approach is compared with two alternative approaches that exploit the spatial coherence of the data to improve the data access and to minimize the storage requirements.
Designing solvate ionogel electrolytes with very high room-temperature conductivity and lithium transference number (2018)

Freestanding gel electrolytes based on Li(G4)TFSI/PEG are demonstrated with enhanced lithium transport and stripping/plating performance due to unique chemical interactions.
HERA (2020)

Partial label learning (PLL) aims to learn from the data where each training instance is associated with a set of candidate labels, among which only one is correct. Most existing methods deal with this type of problem by either treating each candidate label equally or identifying the ground-truth label iteratively. In this article, we propose a novel PLL approach named HERA, which simultaneously incorporates the HeterogEneous Loss and the SpaRse and Low-rAnk procedure to estimate the labeling confidence for each instance while training the desired model. Specifically, the heterogeneous loss integrates the strengths of both the pairwise ranking loss and the pointwise reconstruction loss to provide informative label ranking and reconstruction information for label identification, whereas the embedded sparse and low-rank scheme constrains the sparsity of ground-truth label matrix and the low rank of noise label matrix to explore the global label relevance among the whole training data, for improving the learning model. Comprehensive ablation study demonstrates the effectiveness of our employed heterogeneous loss, and extensive experiments on both artificial and real-world datasets demonstrate that our method achieves superior or comparable performance against state-of-the-art methods.