gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thin Film Properties of Sputtered Niobium Silicide on SiO2, Si3 N 4, and N+ Poly‐Si (1986)

Thin film properties of niobium silicide sputtered from a slightly silicon‐rich , cold‐pressed alloy target onto , , and n+ doped poly‐Si have been investigated. The structural and compositional properties were examined with x‐ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). X‐ray diffraction revealed that was the predominant silicide phase present, unlike those films reported previously, which contained significant amounts of an intermediate silicide phase . These films had a Si/Nb ratio of 2.1 as determined from RBS and contained lower levels of common contaminants (such as , , and carbon). Isochronal and isothermal annealing showed that the major decrease in resistivity occurred in the first 5 min, and a resistivity value of ∼70 μΩ‐cm was obtained after annealing at 1000°C. During annealing, phosphorus was found to diffuse through rapidly, similar to other refractory silicides.
Comparative genomics of actinomycetes with a focus on natural product biosynthetic genes (2013)

A large-scale analysis of natural product gene clusters presents a useful foundation for hypothesis formulation that is currently underutilized in the field. Such studies will be increasingly necessary to study the diversity and ecology of natural products as the number of genome sequences available continues to grow.
Periodic Appearance of Frontal Midline Theta Activity during Performance of a Sensory-Motor Task (1982)

The present experiment was designed to demonstrate the presence of a constant rhythm or periodicity in the appearance of Fm theta using the Mirror Drawing Test (MDT), a task with a changing degree of difficulty. Thirty male university students were recorded on the EEGs during performance of the MDT for 5 min. Fm theta appeared most frequently in the block requiring the longest time for passage, or the most difficult block. The present study further revealed that Fm theta tended to appear mainly from four points at about 40, 90, 190 and 270 sec after beginning the MDT. From these results, the appearance of Fm theta was shown to be more distinctly related to the concentration of attention. In the process of concentration and attention distraction, the presence of a rhythm with a periodicity of approximately 45 sec was suggested.
Composing Web-service-like abstract state machines (ASM) (2007)

The presentation provides an overview on semi-automatic design of Collaborative Business Processes for B2B/EAI integration in the EU project FUSION. The introduced Enterprise Application Integration Ontology and a mediator-based run-time architecture for CBPs integrating heterogeneous web services enabled enterprise systems build the corner stones of the FUSION solution. The functionality and the building blocks of the Collaborative Business Process Designer are discussed in detail. The talk provides then an example demonstrating initial ideas for generating an executable collaborative business process out of a CBP template automatically.
Caracterização florística e estrutural de remanescentes florestais de Quedas do Iguaçu, Sudoeste do Paraná (2011)

O sudoeste paranaense localiza-se na transição entre a Floresta Estacional Semidecidual (FES) e a Floresta Ombrófila Mista (FOM), numa região de grande relevância ecológica, por conter duas importantes formações florestais do sul-sudeste brasileiro. Entretanto, essa mesma região é marcada pela escassez de levantamentos florísticos e de caracterização da vegetação. Nesse trabalho é feita a caracterização florística e estrutural de três áreas de vegetação nativa, localizadas em Quedas do Iguaçu, sudoeste do Paraná, na bacia do rio Iguaçu. Além disso, foi feita a caracterização fitogeográfica das florestas estudadas, com base nos dados coletados e na listagem de espécies amostradas em outras 52 áreas de FES ou FOM do Brasil. Em cada uma das três áreas estudadas, a vegetação arbustivo-arbórea (diâmetro à altura do peito &gt; 5 cm) foi caracterizada por meio da alocação de pontos quadrantes. No total foram encontradas 128 espécies, com variação entre 63 a 78 para cada área. Cada área apresentou distinção quanto à estrutura e às espécies mais abundantes. Além disso, as áreas se distinguem quanto ao grau de influência da FES e da FOM em sua composição florística. Comparativamente, a área de menor altitude, localizada no vale do Rio Iguaçu, apresenta mais elementos de FES em sua composição florística, enquanto as outras duas áreas, localizadas em trechos mais elevados, têm maior influência da FOM, contando inclusive com a ocorrência de Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze.
A class II MHC-targeted vaccine elicits immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants (2021)

Significance Vaccines remain the best hope of curtailing SARS-CoV-2 transmission, morbidity, and mortality. Currently available vaccines require cold storage and sophisticated manufacturing capacity, complicating their distribution, especially in less developed countries. We report a protein-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine that directly and specifically targets antigen-presenting cells. It consists of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike receptor-binding domain (Spike RBD ) fused to a nanobody that recognizes class II major histocompatibility complex antigens (VHH MHCII ). Our vaccine elicits robust humoral (high-titer binding and neutralizing antibodies) and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants in both young and aged mice. VHH MHCII -Spike RBD is stable for at least 7 d at room temperature and can be lyophilized without loss of efficacy, desirable attributes for logistical reasons.
Bistatic Microwave Sensor for In-Situ Composite Inspection and Structural Health Monitoring (2021)

Monitoring composite structures, such as wind turbines, for damage is an application of critical concern. While nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods have been proposed to address these needs, they often require costly downtime while the inspection is being conducted. Therefore, minimally invasive, self-contained, in-situ methods such as sensors are of interest. This work proposes a low-power bistatic patch antenna-based microwave sensor system that could be used to meet these inspection needs. The design of the system, as well as simulations and measurements, are shown to provide a proof-of-concept of this approach.
Assessment of Screening Tests for Transfusion-Associated Non-A Non-B Hepatitis (1993)

Non-A non-B hepatitis is the most common serious sequela of blood transfusion, and its screening has become an essential goal of blood transfusion centers. Before 1989, two surrogate screening tests (for alanine aminotransferase and for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen) were used; in 1989, a direct test for the antibody to hepatitis C virus (the main agent of this hepatitis) was developed. The French National Agency for the Development of Medical Evaluation undertook an investigation to determine the optimal prevention strategy for posttransfusion non-A and non-B hepatitis (PTH). A detailed literature review was performed, complemented by expert group opinion. The performance of each test was derived indirectly by calculating the number of cases of PTH averted by each test. Hepatitis C virus testing is probably the most promising strategy, but different policies can be developed given the uncertainties of scientific data. Cost considerations should be taken into account in identifying the best screening strategy.
Enantioselective Cascade Radical Addition–Cyclization–Trapping Reactions (2006)

Sonst noch Wünsche …︁ Die Sequenz aus radikalischer Addition, Cyclisierung und Abfangen ausgehend von einem Hydroxamsäureester mit zwei Radikalacceptoren wird durch eine chirale Lewis-Säure vermittelt. Die Kaskadenreaktion eignet sich zur asymmetrischen Synthese von γ-Lactamen (siehe Schema; Bn=Benzyl, Tf=Trifluormethansulfonyl). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2006/z602042_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
E. Coli pyruvate dehydrogenase complex : studies on the mechanism of action and subunit composition of the complex/ (1984)

This reproduction was made from a copy o f a document sent to us for microfilming.While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is
3,5-Dihydroxyphenylglycine (1992)

An amino acid, 3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) induced current responses in Xenopus oocytes expressing a metabotropic glutamate receptor clone mGluR1. Apparent EC50 of DHPG for mGluR1 was slightly lower than that of (+-)-1-aminocyclopentane-trans-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (ACPD). DHPG responses were partially inhibited by 2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid (AP-3). DHPG had no effect on ionotropic glutamate receptors whose expression was induced in the oocytes following injection of poly(A)+ mRNA of rat brains. In hippocampal slices, DHPG produced slow excitation of pyramidal cells, resulting from a depression of Ca(2+)-dependent K+ current and a voltage-dependent K+ current. These results indicate that DHPG is a specific and potent agonist of mGluRs.
Automatic information discovery from the "invisible Web" (2005)

A large amount of online information resides on the "invisible Web" - Web pages that are generated dynamically from databases and other data sources hidden from the user. They are not indexed by a static URL but are generated when queries are made via a search interface (a specialized search engine). In this paper, we propose a system that is capable of automatically making use of these specialized engines to find information on the invisible Web. We describe our overall architecture and process: from obtaining the search engines to picking the right engines to query. Experiments show that we can find information that is not found by traditional search engines.
Rectifying Source and Drain Contacts for Effective Carrier Transport Modulation of Extremely Doped SiC Nanowire FETs (2010)

Back-gated field effect transistors (FETs) based on catalyst-free grown 3C-SiC nanowires (NWs) were fabricated and the electrical characterization revealed electron conduction through the NWs. Devices with either ohmic or rectifying contacts have been observed leading to two different operation modes. The transistors with ohmic-like contacts manifest a very weak gating effect and the device switching OFF is not achievable even for high negative gate voltages due to the high electron concentration along the NWs. In contrast, the Schottky contact barrier (SB) at source (S)/ drain (D) regions acts beneficially for the FET performance by suppressing the off current. At high positive gate voltages (>;20 V), the SBs tend to be more transparent leading to <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> / <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OFF</sub> ratio equal to ~10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> in contrast to the weak gating effect of the ohmic contact 3C-SiC NWFETs. Therefore, in the case of highly doped NWs, where the direct effect of the gate voltage on the accumulated carriers is negligible, SB-NWFET presents improved performance by suppressing the off current and indirectly modulating the drain current through the control of SBs transparency at source and drain regions.
Clinical Significance of Quantitative Assessment of Rectoanal Inhibitory Reflex (RAIR) in Patients With Constipation (2008)

Patients with CO have impaired RAIR in comparison with healthy subjects and patients with FI. Quantitative assessment of RAIR is valuable in the diagnosis of patients with CO and may be incorporated in the clinical anorectal manometric test.
Perspectives and Technical Challenges (2012)

It is expected that mobile wearable health monitoring systems will transform conventional healthcare practice. However, many technical challenges are hindering progress in the development of mobile wearable health monitoring systems for their practical healthcare applications.
No Clean Mass Reflow of Large Plastic Ball Grid Array Packages (1994)

A no‐clean mass reflow process for 396‐pin, 324‐pin and 225‐pin over moulded plastic pad array carriers (OMPACs) or plastic ball grid array (BGA) is presented. Emphasis is placed on the OMPAC assembly parameters such as the design, material and process of the packages and printed circuit board (PCB), solder paste, stencil design, printing technology, pick and place, mass re‐flow and inspection. Furthermore, cross‐sections and the ‘popcorn’ effect of the OMPAC assembly are provided and discussed.
Numerical Evaluation of Losses in Shrouded and Cantilevered Stators of a Multi-Stage Axial Compressor (2021)

Abstract The loss coefficient based only on the stagnation pressure has traditionally been used in the analysis of axial compressors for the comparison between shrouded and cantilevered stator configurations. In recent years, engineers have been able to perform more detailed Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations, allowing them to resolve the flow field in the leakage paths. The two stator hub designs are, however, affected by the rotating surfaces in a different way: in cantilevered stators, the relative rotation between the stator and the hub imparts energy to the hub flow, whereas in shrouded stators, the rotating inner leakage surface imparts energy to the seal cavity leakage flow. The aim of this work is to analyze the performance of a multi-stage axial compressor featuring a change of stator hub configuration, by employing both the conventional loss coefficient based on the stagnation pressure and the loss coefficient based on the entropy change. It is shown, that in the evaluation of the losses of a multi-stage axial machine, it is essential to consider the different 3D distributions of stagnation temperature resulting from the two stator hub configurations, which are transferred to the downstream rows.
Paracoccus denitrificans possesses two BioR homologs having a role in regulation of biotin metabolism (2015)

Recently, we determined that BioR, the GntR family of transcription factor, acts as a repressor for biotin metabolism exclusively distributed in certain species of α-proteobacteria, including the zoonotic agent Brucella melitensis and the plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens. However, the scenario is unusual in Paracoccus denitrificans, another closely related member of the same phylum α-proteobacteria featuring with denitrification. Not only does it encode two BioR homologs Pden_1431 and Pden_2922 (designated as BioR1 and BioR2, respectively), but also has six predictive BioR-recognizable sites (the two bioR homolog each has one site, whereas the two bio operons (bioBFDAGC and bioYB) each contains two tandem BioR boxes). It raised the possibility that unexpected complexity is present in BioR-mediated biotin regulation. Here we report that this is the case. The identity of the purified BioR proteins (BioR1 and BioR2) was confirmed with LC-QToF-MS. Phylogenetic analyses combined with GC percentage raised a possibility that the bioR2 gene might be acquired by horizontal gene transfer. Gel shift assays revealed that the predicted BioR-binding sites are functional for the two BioR homologs, in much similarity to the scenario seen with the BioR site of A. tumefaciens bioBFDAZ. Using the A. tumefaciens reporter system carrying a plasmid-borne LacZ fusion, we revealed that the two homologs of P. denitrificans BioR are functional repressors for biotin metabolism. As anticipated, not only does the addition of exogenous biotin stimulate efficiently the expression of bioYB operon encoding biotin transport/uptake system BioY, but also inhibits the transcription of the bioBFDAGC operon resembling the de novo biotin synthetic pathway. EMSA-based screening failed to demonstrate that the biotin-related metabolite is involved in BioR-DNA interplay, which is consistent with our former observation with Brucella BioR. Our finding defined a complex regulatory network for biotin metabolism in P. denitrificans by two BioR proteins.
La condensation de Bose-Einstein d'un gaz atomique (2000)

Depuis quelques annees, on dispose en laboratoire de gaz ultra-froids dont les proprietes sont tres eloignees de l'intuition habituelle, La majeure partie des atomes de ces gaz occupent le meme etat quantique, confirmant ainsi une prediction faite par Einstein il y a 75 ans. La decouverte de ces condensats atomiques a permis de valider les theories developpees il y a plusieurs dizaines d'annees pour decrire le comportement superfluide de l'helium liquide. Elle ouvre egalement la voie a la realisation de sources atomiques coherentes, qui sont l'equivalent, pour des ondes de matiere, des sources maser et laser pour les ondes electromagnetiques.
Modulating the Optoelectronic Properties of Silver Nanowires Films: Effect of Capping Agent and Deposition Technique (2015)

Silver nanowires 90 nm in diameter and 9 µm in length have been synthesized using different capping agents: polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and alkyl thiol of different chain lengths. The nanowire structure is not influenced by the displacement of PVP by alkyl thiols, although alkyl thiols modify the lateral aggregation of nanowires. We examined the effect of the capping agent and the deposition method on the optical and electrical properties of films prepared by Spray and the Langmuir-Schaefer methodologies. Our results revealed that nanowires capped with PVP and C8-thiol present the best optoelectronic properties. By using different deposition techniques and by modifying the nanowire surface density, we can modulate the optoelectronic properties of films. This strategy allows obtaining films with the optoelectronic properties required to manufacture touch screens and electromagnetic shielding.
B cells are required for T cell activation during tumor immunity (88.27) (2009)

Abstract T cells are considered the major contributors to tumor immunity. Because B cells can regulate T cell-mediated immune responses, the role of B cells in tumor immunity was assessed. B cells were depleted in mice with otherwise intact immune systems using CD20-specific mAbs before tumor administration. Subcutaneous B16 melanoma tumors grew to be twice as large in mice lacking B cells compared to control mice. Similarly, the number of visible melanoma metastasis foci on the surface of the lungs was doubled in B cell deficient mice. The numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ effector-memory T cells generated during the anti-tumor response were reduced by 48% and 33%, respectively, in the draining lymph nodes of B cell deficient mice compared to control mice. The induction of IFNγ-secreting CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was impaired by 42% and 34%, respectively, in mice that lacked B cells. Likewise, the induction of TNFα-secreting CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was impaired by 47% and 50%, respectively, in B cell deficient mice. Finally, the proliferation of adoptively-transferred tumor antigen-specific T cells was reduced by 30% in mice lacking B cells. Thereby, tumor growth and metastasis were dramatically enhanced in B cell deficient mice due to a significant reduction of the tumor-specific T cell response. Thus, B cells are required for optimal T cell activation during tumor immunity. Supported by NIH Funding (CA105001 and AI056363)
Increased connectivity and long term potentiation in the prefrontal cortex of rats prenatally exposed to valproic acid (2007)

The prefrontal cortex plays crucial roles in higher-order functions related to cognition, language, sociability and emotion. As these functions are key symptoms in autism spectrum disorder, it is not surprising that the prefrontal cortex has been hypothesized to be altered in this neurobiological disorder. We studied putative cellular and microcircuit alterations in the prefrontal cortex of the valproic acid rat model of autism. We demonstrate that layer 5 pyramidal neurons of this cortical region are significantly less excitable in valproic acid treated rats. Furthermore, connections among this cell population are more abundant, but weaker. Finally, the connections onto these cells are more plastic, as shown with significantly enhanced long term potentiation in valproic acid treated rats as compared to controls. These results could have important implications at the behavioural level and explain some of the symptoms observed in children prenatally exposed to valproic acid related to frontal functions, like i mpaired sociability, language delays or abnormal cognition.
StoryGraphs: Visualizing Character Interactions as a Timeline (2014)

We present a novel way to automatically summarize and represent the storyline of a TV episode by visualizing character interactions as a chart. We also propose a scene detection method that lends itself well to generate over-segmented scenes which is used to partition the video. The positioning of character lines in the chart is formulated as an optimization problem which trades between the aesthetics and functionality of the chart. Using automatic person identification, we present StoryGraphs for 3 diverse TV series encompassing a total of 22 episodes. We define quantitative criteria to evaluate StoryGraphs and also compare them against episode summaries to evaluate their ability to provide an overview of the episode.
Run-time statistical estimation of task execution times for heterogeneous distributed computing (1996)

An efficient run time, statistical scheme for estimating the execution time of a task is presented, in order to facilitate run time matching and scheduling in a distributed heterogeneous computing environment. This scheme is based upon a nonparametric regression technique, where the execution time estimate for a task is computed from past observations. Furthermore, this technique is able to compensate for different parameters upon which the execution time depends, and does not require any knowledge of the architecture of the target machine. It is also able to make accurate predictions when erroneous data is present in the set of observations, and has been experimentally shown to produce estimates with very low error even with few past values from which to calculate a new estimate.
Mutual consistency in decentralized distributed systems (1987)

In this paper we set forth a simple and efficient algorithm for managing replicated data in a decentralized distributed system, which allows for inserts, deletes, updates, and synonyms and which achieves a high degree of availability in the face of node or communication failures. We focus on the approach developed recently by Fischer and Michael and exploit the knowledge of the semantics of the database operations.
Multiobjective output-feedback control via LMI optimization (1997)

This paper presents an overview of a linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach to the multiobjective synthesis of linear output-feedback controllers. The design objectives can be a mix of H/sub /spl infin// performance, H/sub 2/ performance, passivity, asymptotic disturbance rejection, time-domain constraints, and constraints on the closed-loop pole location. In addition, these objectives can be specified on different channels of the closed-loop system. When all objectives are formulated in terms of a common Lyapunov function, controller design amounts to solving a system of linear matrix inequalities. The validity of this approach is illustrated by a realistic design example.