gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synchronous and opponent thermosensors use flexible cross-inhibition to orchestrate thermal homeostasis (2020)

Body temperature homeostasis is an essential function that relies upon the integration of the outputs from multiple classes of cooling- and warming-responsive cells. The computations that integrate these diverse outputs to control body temperature are not understood. Here we discover a new set of Warming Cells (WCs), and show that the outputs of these WCs and previously described Cooling Cells (CCs 1 ) are combined in a cross-inhibition computation to drive thermal homeostasis in larval Drosophila . We find that WCs and CCs are opponent sensors that operate in synchrony above, below, and near the homeostatic set-point, with WCs consistently activated by warming and inhibited by cooling, and CCs the converse. Molecularly, these opponent sensors rely on overlapping combinations of Ionotropic Receptors to detect temperature changes: Ir68a, Ir93a, and Ir25a for WCs; Ir21a, Ir93a, and Ir25a for CCs. Using a combination of optogenetics, sensory receptor mutants, and quantitative behavioral analysis, we find that the larva uses flexible cross-inhibition of WC and CC outputs to locate and stay near the homeostatic set-point. Balanced cross-inhibition near the set-point suppresses any directed movement along temperature gradients. Above the set-point, WCs mediate avoidance to warming while cross-inhibiting avoidance to cooling. Below the set-point, CCs mediate avoidance to cooling while cross-inhibiting avoidance to warming. Our results demonstrate how flexible cross-inhibition between warming and cooling pathways can orchestrate homeostatic thermoregulation.
Estrogenic Activity and Volume Fraction of Waste Water Origin in Monitoring Wells Along the Santa Cruz River, Arizona (2004)

Abstract The fate of estrogenic activity in waste water effluent was examined during surface transport and incidental recharge along the Santa Cruz River in Pima County, Arizona. Based on measurement of boron isotopes, the fractional contribution of reclaimed water in surface waters and ground water wells proximate to the river was determined for a contemporary sample set. Estrogenic activity decreased by −60% over the 25 mi length of the river below effluent discharge points in Tucson. In ground water samples obtained from monitoring wells that are proximate to the Santa Cruz River, both dissolved organic carbon ( p = 0.0003) and estrogenic activity ( p = 3 × 10 −6 ) were highly correlated to fractional waste water content. Results indicate that proximate ground water quality is sensitive to incidental recharge of reclaimed water in the Santa Cruz River bed. In a few locations, little attenuation of estrogenic activity was apparent during percolation of effluent in the river channel to well withdrawal points.
On the different derivatives of the half spectral density (2017)

The half spectral density is normally used as primary data by frequency-domain output-only identification techniques. It is defined as the Fourier transform of the half (positive part) of the correlation function. The classical way of computing the half spectral density consists of disregarding the negative part of the correlation function. It turns out, however, that when the negative part is neglected, a discontinuity is created around zero. It is well known that this discontinuity introduces increasing constant noise levels in the frequency domain, which is normally reduced by dividing the initial value of the correlation function by a factor of two. In this paper, different ways of reducing the discontinuity are considered, and the effect of these modifications on the increased noise in the frequency domain is studied.
Comparative Assessment of Four Steinernematidae and Three Heterorhabditidae Species for Infectivity of Larval Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera (2017)

Larval Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) were exposed to seven different entomopathogenic nematode species to test their potential infectivity in a laboratory setting. Known D. virgifera-infecting nematode species Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, Heterorhabditis megidis Poinar, Jackson & Klein, Steinernema feltiae Filipjev, and Steinernema carpocapsae Weiser were tested in a concerted experiment alongside Steinernema diaprepesi Nguyen & Duncan, Steinernema riobrave Cabanillas, Poinar & Raulston, and a Missouri wild-type H. bacteriophora which have not been previously tested on D. virgifera. The species S. rarum Doucet was tested separately for D. virgifera infectivity. Third-instar D. virgifera were exposed to either 60 or 120 nematodes per larva for 6 d. Following exposure, mortality was recorded and larvae were examined to determine the presence of active nematode infections. Results indicated a significantly higher proportion of larvae with active infections from the Heterorhabditidae species and S. diaprepesi than the other Steinernematidae species for both exposure rates; mortality data indicated a similar trend. Steinernema rarum showed almost no infectivity in laboratory experiments.
Die GLP-1 induzierte Insulinsekretion ist bei Trägern der TCF7L2 SNPs vermindert (2007)

Einleitung: Polymorphismen im „Transcription factor 7 like 2“-Gen (TCF7L2) sind mit einem erhöhten Risiko für Typ 2 Diabetes und einer verminderten Insulinsekretion assoziiert. Bislang ist bekannt, dass der nukleäre Rezeptor TCF7L2 essentiell für die Regulation der GLP-1 Sekretion aus den intestinalen L-Zellen ist. Wir untersuchten, ob ein Defekt der GLP-1 Antwort für die beobachtete Abnahme der Insulinsekretion bei Trägern der TCF7L2 Polymorphismen verantwortlich ist.
Gerontomodulatory and Youth-Preserving Effects of Zeatin on Human Skin Fibroblasts Undergoing Aging In Vitro (2005)

Our studies have shown that zeatin, (6-[4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enylamino]adenine), a cytokinin plant growth factor, has gerontomodulatory, youth preserving and anti-aging effects on serially passaged human adult skin fibroblasts undergoing aging in vitro. There were no immediate negative or toxic effects in terms of cell attachment, cell proliferation, cell survival, cytoskeletal organization, and cellular growth by treatment with zeatin concentrations between 1 and 200 microM. During long-term treatment, cells could be maintained throughout their replicative lifespan in the presence of 40, 80, and 200 microM zeatin, but the optimal concentration of zeatin's anti-aging and youth preserving effects was found to be 80 microM. Life-long serial passaging of human skin fibroblasts in the presence of zeatin resulted in the prevention of cell enlargement, reduction of intracellular debris, prevention of actin polymerization, and enhancement of cellular ability to decompose hydrogen peroxide and to cope with ethanol and oxidative stresses. Most importantly, anti-aging and beneficial effects of zeatin were observed without any induction of additional cell proliferation or an increase in the maximum proliferative capacity, thus ruling out any potentially harmful and carcinogenic effects.
Isolation and structural characterization of porcine coupling factor 6 from intestinal tissues (1987)

A polypeptide purified from an extract of thermostable, porcine intestinal peptides was found to correspond to coupling factor 6, previously known as a component of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system. The intestinal presence of this peptide offers a new source for preparation of the component in large quantities, and possibly suggests further functions of the polypeptide. Amino acid sequence analysis of this porcine form reveals it to be identical to the bovine form, except for two replacements, at position 62 (Thr in the porcine, Phe/Thr in the bovine form), and position 70 (Ala/Val). The extensive conservation suggests strict structural constraints on the functional properties of the polypeptide.
A phase I study of YM155, a novel survivin suppressant, administered by 168 hour continuous infusion to patients with advanced solid tumors (2006)

3014 Background: Survivin is one of the family of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP) that suppresses apoptosis through inhibition of caspases and procaspases. Survivin is selectively expressed in most solid tumors but not normal tissues. In a PC-3 cell model YM155 inhibited survivin mRNA transcription and survivin protein expression and showed potent (nM) anti-proliferative activity in preclinical models including tumor regressions. Methods: The objectives were to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of 168 hour continuous infusion of YM155 every 3 weeks, to evaluate toxicity, characterize the pharmacokinetics and observe anti-tumor activity. Standard 3+3 dose escalation scheme was utilized. Additional pts were added to fully characterize toxicities at the MTD. Pharmacokinetic sampling was performed during cycles 1 and 2. Results: 41 pts (M/F: 31/10, median age 61, range 28–78) with performance status of 0–2 were enrolled into 4 dose cohorts [1.8 mg/m 2 /day (N = 8), 3.6 (6), 6.0 (2) and 4.8 (25)]. Most common tumor types were prostate (9), NHL (5), and colorectal (5). 2/2 pts experienced DLTs at 6.0 (renal tubular necrosis with grade 3 mucositis and increased serum creatinine), thus the MTD was 4.8 mg/m 2 /day. The most frequent AEs were: pyrexia, arthralgia, nausea, fatigue and diarrhea. The most common grade 3 or 4 drug related AEs were: mucosal inflammation (N = 2, 4.9%) and increased INR (N = 2, 4.9%). At MTD, the median clearance was 47 L/hr with a median steady state concentration of 7.5 ng/mL and a median terminal half-life of 22 hours. Two pts with chemotherapy refractory intermediate grade NHL had marked reduction of lymph nodes including one that was durable (PR reviewed independently). This pt went onto BMT and was in remission at the time of this submission. Two HRPC pts exhibited PSA response (&gt; 50% reduction). Conclusions: YM 155, the first survivin inhibitor, was well tolerated, had a MTD of 4.8 mg/m 2 /day × 7 days and exhibited provocative anti-tumor activity in 4 pts that warrant broad phase II evaluation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Simulierte Gegenstromchromatographie – eine effiziente Technik zur Herstellung optisch aktiver Verbindungen im industriellen Maßstab (1996)

Abstract Seit der Einführung stabiler chiraler stationärer Phasen (CSP) für die Hochleistungsflüssigchromatographie (HPLC) wird die präparative Chromatographie mehr und mehr als ein effizientes Verfahren zur Herstellung enantiomerenreiner Verbindungen im industriellen Maßstab angesehen. Die aus der Natur der klassischen Chromatographie resultierende Diskontinuität des Verfahrens, verlangt die Umwandlung des Prozesses in einen kontinuierlichen Betrieb. Fine intelligente Lösung dieses Problems ist mit der simulierten Gegenstrom‐chromatographie (SMB) gelungen. Diese ermöglicht die kontinuierliche Trennung eines Gemisches in zwei Komponenten mit hoher Reinheit und hoher Ausbeute. Zudem werden im Vergleich zur klassischen Chromatographie große Einsparungen an mobiler und stationärer Phase erzielt. Durch die Komplexität des Verfahrens bedingt, ist eine Simulation der chromatographischen Bedingungen erforderlich. Es werden das Prinzip des Verfahrens, die technischen Ausgestaltungen der Anlagen und das Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Betriebsparameter vorgestellt. An einem Beispiel wird ein Vergleich zwischen verschiedenen chromatographischen Verfahren durchgeführt.
La Enseñanza-aprendizaje orientada a proyectos en las bellas artes, dentro del marco del EEES. Implantación de la fotografía en las enseñanzas de grado (2011)

La asignatura de Dibujo con Luz. Fotografia, pertenece al nuevo Grado en Bellas Artes de la UMU, surgido tras el proceso de implantacion del EEES.
Esta asignatura pretende que los alumnos sean capaces de crear e interpretar
manifestaciones esteticas. Ensenar los instrumentos, procedimientos y tecnicas necesarias para poder desarrollar procesos fotograficos con cualquier medio, asi como
los elementos del lenguaje fotografico y la manipulacion de la imagen.
La adquisicion de las competencias de la asignatura y la obtencion de unos buenos resultados, pasan por adaptarse correctamente al EEES asi como por generar una rapida y objetiva actualizacion de todos los actores que participan en la ensenanza universitaria
PDE III (M597J Fall 2004) Lecture Notes (2004)

Chapter 1. Spaces of Functions: Holder continuous functions; Locally Holder continu- ous functions; Nondimensionalized norms and seminorms; Interior seminorms and norms; Partially interior norms; Intermediate norms (Gilbarg-Homander's). References (2)(1).
Leukopenia With Mycophenolate in Calcineurin Inhibitor-Free, Corticosteroid-Free Renal Transplant Recipients. (2014)

Leukopenia is common in corticosteroid (CS) free immunosuppressive (IS) regimens, possibly due to increased mycophenolic acid (MPA) exposure. This study evaluated the effect of MPA exposure on leukopenia and neutropenia in patients receiving belatacept (BELA) based regimens without calcineurin inhibitors or CS. Methods: The 0-12 hour area under the curve (AUC0-12h) of MPA was monitored in kidney-alone transplant recipients at 1 & 3 months post-transplant. Patients were on mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), CS-free, with either BELA (n=30) or tacrolimus (TAC; n=19) maintenance IS regimens. MPA exposure was estimated using a Bayesian estimator and a linear regression equation from Pawinski, et al (7.75 + 6.49C0 + 0.76C0.5 + 2.43C2). Target FK levels were 10-15ng/ml for the 1st month and 5-10ng/ml after. Leukopenia and neutropenia were defined as white blood cell count <3000cells/uL and absolute neutrophil count <1500cells/uL. Results: Risk of leukopenia and neutropenia increased with increased MPA AUC0-12h. An AUC0-12h>60ug*h/ml, calculated with Bayesian estimation, in BELA patients correlated with higher risk of neutropenia.Table: No Caption available.BELA patients with leukopenia or neutropenia >1 month post-transplant had a higher average 1st measured AUC0-12h than patients with neither (p=0.04).Figure: No Caption available.Similar results were not found in TAC patients, possibly due to insufficient sample size. The Bayesian and Pawinski methods provided comparable clinical guidance on when it may be appropriate to decrease MMF dose for AUC0-12h>60ug*h/ml in BELA and TAC patients (p=1). Conclusions: Risk of neutropenia increases with MPA AUC0-12h >60ug*h/ml in renal transplant patients on CS-free, BELA regimens. Elevated 1st measured MPA AUC0-12h predicts increased risk of adverse events >1 month in these patients. Estimates of MPA exposure by the Bayesian method agree with the Pawinski equation results in guiding clinical decisions for MMF dose changes.
Résistance par hypersensibilité R au nématode à galles chez le piment à la Martinique (2002)

National audience
Closely Related Genes Encode Developmental and Tissue Isoforms of Porcine Cytochrome P450 Aromatase (1997)

We examined the chromosomal basis for the synthesis of tissue (ovary, endometrium/placenta, and peri-implantation blastocyst) isoforms of cytochrome P450 aromatase in the pig. DNA fragments derived from three distinct porcine aromatase chromosomal genes were cloned and characterized. The porcine type III aromatase gene encoding the blastocyst aromatase isoform was found to consist of nine coding exons and two mutually exclusive, 5' untranslated exons (designated E1A and E1B), collectively spanning 30 kb or more. The porcine type II aromatase gene, encoding the endometrial/placental aromatase isoform, was identified by cloning of a genomic DNA fragment spanning the corresponding exons 7, 8, and 9. The DNA inserts of two other phage clones encompassed exons 2, 3, and 4 of a third chromosomal gene (type I) encoding the ovarian aromatase isoform. All intron-exon junctions in these genomic fragments were found to be identical in relative positions to those of the single-copy human aromatase gene. Comparisons of cDNA and genomic sequences indicated that nucleotide sequence variation was not uniform across the corresponding exons of these genes and that the corresponding intronic sequences were conserved. The type II and type III aromatase genes were localized to the same regional location (q16-17) on swine chromosome 1, which is homologous to the human chromosome 15 region (q21.1) in which the human aromatase gene resides. Results demonstrate that the three aromatase genes characterized in the present study appear to be similar in their overall structural organization and most likely are clustered, which could have resulted from at least two independent gene duplication events. The presence of multiple aromatase genes constitutes a newly described mechanism by which aromatase enzyme biosynthesis and functional activity can be regulated in a tissue and temporal fashion and serves to highlight further the complexity of aromatase gene expression in mammals. Moreover, the presence of a unique aromatase gene that is highly expressed in pig blastocysts may constitute a paradigm for other mammals (e.g., equids, rabbit, hamster) whose peri-implantation blastocysts are estrogenic.
Performance and operation of a beam chopping system for a cyclotron with multiturn extraction (1997)

A beam chopping system for a cyclotron is in operation at the JAERI cyclotron facility. A combination of a pulse voltage chopper in the injection line and a sinusoidal voltage chopper after the exit of the cyclotron is adopted to produce beam pulses spaced at 1 μs–1 ms intervals from natural cyclotron beams. The chopping system was designed according to a simple formulation of the chopping process in which the multiturn extraction was taken into account. Performance of the chopping system was experimentally proved to satisfy requirements of the design. In actual operation to produce beam pulses at long intervals, however, the number of the multiturn extraction is usually larger than the assumed value in the design because of a large phase acceptance of the cyclotron. Careful tuning of the acceleration phase width or the base magnetic field of the cyclotron is necessary to reduce it. It is essential to strictly define the acceleration phase of injected beams in the central region of the cyclotron to improve this situation.
Formation of arenediazonium ion in oxidation of N,N-dimethyl-4-aminobenzene and some meta-substituted derivatives with cerium(IV) ion in acid medium (1982)

Oxidation has been studied of an experimental hepatocarcinogene N,N-dimethyl-4-aminoazobenzene and some its meta -substituted derivatives with cerium(IV) ion in 1M hydrochloric acid medium with potentiometric indication. It has been possible to prove formation of more than 50 per cent arenediazonium ion and N,N-dimethylbenzoquinonimine besides the known metabolites. Furthermore, five meta -substituted derivatives of N,N-dimethyl-4-aminoazobenzene have been studied, and the amount of the arenediazonium ion formed has been found to depend critically on character of the 3'-substituent.
Produção e avaliação de vetores retrovirais visando à diferenciação de neurônios olfativos in vitro pela superexpressão de fatores de transcrição definidos (2014)

O Sistema Sensorial Olfativo de mamiferos e composto por varios subsistemas na cavidade nasal. Dentre estes, destacam-se o sistema olfativo principal e o sistema olfativo acessorio ou vomeronasal. O primeiro realiza a deteccao geral de odores e parece participar tambem da deteccao de algumas substâncias que levam a respostas comportamentais instintivas (feromonios), enquanto o ultimo e especializado na deteccao desta classe de semioquimicos. A deteccao dos estimulos sensoriais olfativos resulta em informacoes importantes que dependem de vias complexas para sua interpretacao e para a geracao de respostas apropriadas por parte do sistema nervoso central. Existem varios pontos ainda desconhecidos sobre o funcionamento do sistema olfativo, tanto no que diz respeito aos mecanismos moleculares subjacentes a escolha dos receptores a serem expressos por um dado neuronio sensorial - sendo que cada neuronio olfativo expressa apenas um receptor dentro de uma grande familia multi-genica - quanto em relacao ao processamento da informacao sensorial em centros cerebrais superiores. Neuronios sensoriais olfativos cultivados eficientemente in vitro seriam extremamente uteis, pois poderiam ser utilizados como ferramenta para o estudo destes problemas, como a investigacao da atividade das celulas sensoriais olfativas, possibilitando, por exemplo, uma melhor compreensao dos mecanismos geneticos e moleculares por tras da expressao dos receptores olfativos e de suas propriedades de deteccao. Neste trabalho foram desenvolvidas ferramentas baseadas em vetores retrovirais com o objetivo de induzir a diferenciacao celular de neuronios olfativos in vitro, utilizando uma combinacao de fatores de transcricao, por meio de transducao viral em celulas-alvo (fibroblastos murinos). Os retrovirus produzidos foram testados e algumas combinacoes de fatores de transcricao foram preliminarmente testadas, sendo capazes de induzir mudancas moleculares em fibroblastos acompanhadas da expressao de marcadores de neuronios sensoriais olfativos. 
Abstract
Repair and Retrofit of Concrete Bridge Girders Using Hybrid FRP Sheets (2012)

The use of carbon fibers (CF) and glass fibers (GF) were combined to strengthen potentially non-ductile flexural members. Based on tension tests of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) rovings and sheets, as well as theoretical research on hybrid FRP, a volume ratio of (GF/CF) was determined to be about (8.8/1) to produce synergistic hybrid effects and pseudo-ductility. The (8.8/1) ratio was used to fabricate hybrid carbon-glass FRP sheets, and this optimal combination was verified through four-point loading tests of plain and reinforced concrete beams strengthened with single or multiple plies of FRP sheets. The increased flexural strengths were evaluated using available design procedures in conjunction with a proposed force-strain relationship for hybrid carbon-glass FRP sheets. Additionally, data of tensile tests of 94 hybrid carbon-glass FRP sheets and 47 carbon and glass fiber rovings or sheets were thoroughly re-examined in terms of tensile behavior. Based on thorough comparisons between the rule of mixtures for fibrous composites and test data, positive hybrid effects were clearly identified for almost all (GF/CF) ratios. In contrast to the rule of mixtures, the hybrid sheets with relatively low (GF/CF) ratios also produced pseudo-ductility. From the calibrated results obtained from experiments, a novel analytical model for the stress-strain relationship of hybrid FRP sheets was proposed. The effect of various epoxy resins, impregnating degree and specimen grips on the tensile behavior was minimal.
Time-Varying Damping Coefficient to Increase Power Extraction from a Notional Wave Energy Harvester (2021)

Energy efficiency and renewable energy generation is attracting increasing attention, due to the established understanding that a new sustainable approach to power human activities is compulsory, on the one hand, and thanks to technological advances, on the other hand. Energy harvesters, at different scales, are promising tools, but their performance and economic viability depend on advanced energy-maximisation control techniques. This paper borrows a control strategy from the vibration energy harvesting field, and implements it to a notional wave energy conversion application. A linear time variant damping coefficient of the power take-off unit is considered, oscillating at twice sinusoidal excitation force frequency, inducing parametric resonance in the system and significantly expanding the response bandwidth. Active and semi-active solutions are investigated, allowing or preventing bi-directional power flow, comparing results with traditional passive and impedance-matching control. Results show that, although both active and semi-active control successfully increase the mean power extraction, much larger than passive control, semi-active control ensures better power quality and lower control forces.