gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
β2-Agonist fenoterol has greater effects on contractile function of rat skeletal muscles than clenbuterol (2002)

Potential treatments for skeletal muscle wasting and weakness ideally possess both anabolic and ergogenic properties. Although the beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonist clenbuterol has well-characterized effects on skeletal muscle, less is known about the therapeutic potential of the related beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonist fenoterol. We administered an equimolar dose of either clenbuterol or fenoterol to rats for 4 wk to compare their effects on skeletal muscle and tested the hypothesis that fenoterol would produce more powerful anabolic and ergogenic effects. Clenbuterol treatment increased fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) by 6% and maximal isometric force (P(o)) by 20% in extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles, whereas fiber CSA in soleus muscles decreased by 3% and P(o) was unchanged, compared with untreated controls. In the EDL muscles, fenoterol treatment increased fiber CSA by 20% and increased P(o) by 12% above values achieved after clenbuterol treatment. Soleus muscles of fenoterol-treated rats exhibited a 13% increase in fiber CSA and a 17% increase in P(o) above that of clenbuterol-treated rats. These data indicate that fenoterol has greater effects on the functional properties of rat skeletal muscles than clenbuterol.
Natural Human Interferon-α Inhibits the Adhesion of a Human Carcinoma Cell Line to Human Vascular Endothelium (1995)

The adhesion of cells to the microvascular endothelium is an essential step in the inflammatory response and metastasis. We have found that pretreatment of a human epidermoid carcinoma cell line, KB, with natural human interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) inhibited the binding of the malignant cells to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in a dose- and time-dependent manner. As one of several possible mechanisms for this inhibition, the expression of some revelant adhesion molecules on KB cell surfaces was examined after IFN-alpha treatment. Apart from a slight increase in the expression of integrin alpha 4 beta 1 (very late activation antigen 4, VLA-4), no changes in the expression of other adhesion molecules, such as sialyl Lewis X, CD44, and leukocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), which is known to be a heterodimer of CD11a and CD18, were observed after treatment with IFN-alpha. In addition, the cell viability of KB was not affected by treatment of the cells with IFN-alpha, although the cell proliferation was markedly inhibited, indicating that the inhibitory effect of IFN-alpha on KB cell binding to vascular endothelium is not a result of a cytotoxic effect of IFN-alpha. Because the metastatic process requires not only the adhesion of tumor cells to vascular endothelium during their extravasation but also proliferation at distant sites, our findings from this in vitro experimental model suggest that IFN-alpha may have a potential inhibitory effect on tumor cell metastasis.
Self-audits. First step in TQM. (1992)

In the fall of 1987, West Paces Medical Center (WPMC), a 294-bed hospital in Atlanta, made a commitment to a new way of management, one that would make it a learning organization. The commitment would not be just to a higher quality of service, but would be a change in the way of doing business. The three components included in the hospital's quality improvement process were customer mindedness, process mindedness and statistical mindedness. West Paces employees concentrated on understanding customers and their needs, learning how they should perform each day to satisfy those needs, and routinely measuring the improvements made in daily processes. Led by Vicki S. Davis, director of quality resources, WPMC implemented, in November 1987, a program based on W. Edwards Deming's quality management method. One year later, 54 department managers had been trained in quality improvement. Davis shares her account of the quality improvement process on the following pages.
Analysis of Genome-Wide Copy Number Variations in Chinese Indigenous and Western Pig Breeds by 60 K SNP Genotyping Arrays (2014)

Copy number variations (CNVs) represent a substantial source of structural variants in mammals and contribute to both normal phenotypic variability and disease susceptibility. Although low-resolution CNV maps are produced in many domestic animals, and several reports have been published about the CNVs of porcine genome, the differences between Chinese and western pigs still remain to be elucidated. In this study, we used Porcine SNP60 BeadChip and PennCNV algorithm to perform a genome-wide CNV detection in 302 individuals from six Chinese indigenous breeds (Tongcheng, Laiwu, Luchuan, Bama, Wuzhishan and Ningxiang pigs), three western breeds (Yorkshire, Landrace and Duroc) and one hybrid (Tongcheng×Duroc). A total of 348 CNV Regions (CNVRs) across genome were identified, covering 150.49 Mb of the pig genome or 6.14% of the autosomal genome sequence. In these CNVRs, 213 CNVRs were found to exist only in the six Chinese indigenous breeds, and 60 CNVRs only in the three western breeds. The characters of CNVs in four Chinese normal size breeds (Luchuan, Tongcheng and Laiwu pigs) and two minipig breeds (Bama and Wuzhishan pigs) were also analyzed in this study. Functional annotation suggested that these CNVRs possess a great variety of molecular function and may play important roles in phenotypic and production traits between Chinese and western breeds. Our results are important complementary to the CNV map in pig genome, which provide new information about the diversity of Chinese and western pig breeds, and facilitate further research on porcine genome CNVs.
An Automatic Retardation Meter for Automatic Polarimetry by Means of an ADP Polarization Modulator (1964)

The construction of a new automatic retardation meter with an ADP polarization modulator and some results obtained with the apparatus are reported. An ADP solid Kerr cell which is subjected to an alternating voltage is inserted in an optical system which measures birefringence, and the retardation of a test piece is modulated. The modulated signal is amplified and fed to a servomotor, which controls the retardation compensation to get extinction. The retardation of the test piece is obtained from the amount of compensation. A practical apparatus, which is suited to study the characteristics of fibers, is made, and the effects of heat treatment and recrystallization of some synthetic fibers are measured.
Comparison of photoconductive antenna performance on LT-GaAs and SI-GaAs substrates (2014)

In this work, butterfly shaped photoconductive antennas (PCAs) on low-temperature grown (LT) GaAs and semi-insulating (SI) GaAs substrate as terahertz (THz) emitters are experimentally characterized and compared. Dependences of the THz radiated field on the applied DC bias voltage and laser pump power are compared. Quadratic DC bias dependence is seen for SI-GaAs PCA compared to a linear dependence for LT-GaAs PCA. Scaling rule can be applied to the laser power dependence to fit the measurement data and the saturation can be attributed to the screening effect. Studies of material property influence on THz radiated power allow exploration of ways to enhance PCA performance.
Laser Patterning for Touch Screen Manufacture (2005)

Laser ablation methods are described to pattern a variety of transparent conductive oxide coatings on glass for touch screen fabrication. The criteria for selecting the best laser and process conditions are described.
A phase II multicenter study of the IGF-1 receptor antibody cixutumumab (A12) and the mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus (TEM) in patients (pts) with refractory IGF-1R positive (+) and negative (-) bone and soft tissue sarcomas (STS). (2012)

10003 Background: Preclinical studies demonstrate synergistic anti-tumor activity by inhibiting mTOR and IGF-1R. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of A12 and TEM in 3 chemo-refractory cohorts: IGF-1R (+) STS (Arm A), IGF-1R (+) bone (Arm B), and IGF-1R (-) bone and STS (Arm C). Methods: An optimal Simon 2 stage design was used for each arm. The primary end-point was progression free survival (PFS) at 12 weeks. Based on historical data, a 40% PFS rate was considered promising and a 20% PFS non-promising (type I/ II error, 0.05/0.10). ≥5 PFSs at 12 weeks were required in the first 19 and ≥16 PFSs were required in a total of 54 pts to consider each arm positive. Key eligibility: measurable disease (RECIST 1.1), age ≥18, 1- 4 priors, ECOG status 0-1. A12 (6 mg/kg) and TEM (25 mg) were administered IV weekly. Pre and post treatment tumor biopsies and plasma for IGF-1 and IGFBP3 were obtained. 20 Sarcoma Centers participated. Results: Starting in 02/2010, 383 pts were tested for IGF-1R by immunohistochemistry (IHC; 54% +) and 171 were treated: mean age 47 (range: 18-80), mean # priors 2.2 (range: 1-4). Grade 3/4 toxicities ≥10%: lymphopenia (12%), mucositis (10%). By intent to treat (ITT) analysis, each arm of the study achieved its primary 12 week PFS end-point (≥16 PFSs): Arm A: 18/56 (32%), Arm B: 19/50 (38%) (4 too early), Arm C: 27/63 (43%). The one-sided 95% CI for 12-week PFS is (0.22, 1), (0.27, 1), and (0.32, 1), respectively. By ITT the median PFS (95% CI) in weeks for each arm is 6.3 (5.9, 12.0), 11.0 (8.0, 18.0) and 11.6 (9.0, 17.9), respectively, and for chondro (n=18), Ewing’s (n=24), and osteo (n=23) only it is 22.6 (5.7, 40.9), 10.4 (5.7, 17.9) and 6.0 (6.0, 18.0), respectively. Westerns on 32 matched pair tumor biopsies indicate inhibition of IGF-1R, pAKT and pS6. Of biopsies on 7 IGF-1R (-) IHC pts (Arm C), 5 were IGF-1R (+) by western. Plasma biomarkers did not correlate with PFS. Conclusions: A12 and TEM met its primary end-point of improved PFS in pts with metastatic sarcoma. This effect was independent of IGF-1R status by IHC. These results support further clinical development of this combination in bone and STS.
Sub-Doppler laser cooling of metastable He (1993)

We have observed magnetically induced laser cooling (MILC) on the J = 1 {yields} 2 component of the 2{sup 3}S {yields} 2{sup 3}P transition at {lambda} = 1.083 {mu}m in metastable helium (He*). At low magnetic field the measured widths of our atomic velocity distributions are as narrow as 2{Dirac_h}k/M corresponding to a temperature {approx_equal} 3 {mu}K (1-D Doppler limit {approx_equal} 26 {mu}K). At higher fields ({approximately}150 mG) the velocity distribution splits into two peaks of sub-Doppler width whose separation is proportional to the Zeeman splitting. Our measurements are consistent with model calculations based on the time evolution of quantum density matrices. Our experiments explore the transition regime between the quantum mechanical and semiclassical models of momentum exchange in atom-light interactions because of the large ratio (0.4) of the recoil velocity {Dirac_h}k/M to the rms of the Doppler-limited velocity distribution {radical}{Dirac_h}{gamma}/3M for this transition. We use a supersonic LN{sub 2} cooled nozzle source excited by a dc discharge for He*, and we excite the 2{sup 3}P state with a home-built diode-laser-pumped LNA laser.
Rapport III.4. Restitution du débit d'une pompe pendant sa phase de transitoire de démarrage (1989)

Larrey Eric, Verzat Sophie, Desclaux Jacques. Rapport III.4. Restitution du débit d'une pompe pendant sa phase de transitoire de démarrage. In: Machines hydrauliques. Conception et exploitation. Développements récents et Applications aux différents secteurs industriels. Vingtièmes journées de l'hydraulique. Lyon, 4-6 avril 1989. Tome 3, 1989.
Fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic: the foundations of application—from a mathematical point of view (1993)

Logical preliminaries basic fuzzy set theory set equation with fuzzy sets fuzzy controllers some methodological issues of fuzzy modelling.
Proteomics on an Orbitrap Benchtop Mass Spectrometer Using All-ion Fragmentation (2010)

The orbitrap mass analyzer combines high sensitivity, high resolution, and high mass accuracy in a compact format. In proteomics applications, it is used in a hybrid configuration with a linear ion trap (LTQ-Orbitrap) where the linear trap quadrupole (LTQ) accumulates, isolates, and fragments peptide ions. Alternatively, isolated ions can be fragmented by higher energy collisional dissociation. A recently introduced stand-alone orbitrap analyzer (Exactive) also features a higher energy collisional dissociation cell but cannot isolate ions. Here we report that this instrument can efficiently characterize protein mixtures by alternating MS and "all-ion fragmentation" (AIF) MS/MS scans in a manner similar to that previously described for quadrupole time-of-flight instruments. We applied the peak recognition algorithms of the MaxQuant software at both the precursor and product ion levels. Assignment of fragment ions to co-eluting precursor ions was facilitated by high resolution (100,000 at m/z 200) and high mass accuracy. For efficient fragmentation of different mass precursors, we implemented a stepped collision energy procedure with cumulative MS readout. AIF on the Exactive identified 45 of 48 proteins in an equimolar protein standard mixture and all of them when using a small database. The technique also identified proteins with more than 100-fold abundance differences in a high dynamic range standard. When applied to protein identification in gel slices, AIF unambiguously characterized an immunoprecipitated protein that was barely visible by Coomassie staining and quantified it relative to contaminating proteins. AIF on a benchtop orbitrap instrument is therefore an attractive technology for a wide range of proteomics analyses.
Synthesis of magnetic silica-based nanocomposites containing Fe3O4nanoparticles (2004)

A new mesostructured hybrid organic–inorganic silica host with internal anchored acetylacetonate groups has been used as a matrix for the growing and organization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The approach used consists in the impregnation and the subsequent organic solution-phase decomposition of the molecular precursor Fe[(OC(CH3))2CH]3 into the hybrid silica pores. The magnetic nanocomposite material obtained was fully characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), infrared spectroscopy (IR), nitrogen physisorption, X-ray diffraction techniques and magnetic measurements. These measurements reveal the presence of uniformly sized pure magnetite nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution of 3–4.5 nm exclusively inside the silica matrix. The data demonstrate that the covalent anchoring of the molecular precursor in the silica plays a crucial role in the fabrication of nanocomposites presenting a homogeneous spatial distribution of nanoparticles.
Brain Tumor Segmentation Network Using Attention-based Fusion and Spatial Relationship Constraint (2020)

Delineating the brain tumor from magnetic resonance (MR) images is critical for the treatment of gliomas. However, automatic delineation is challenging due to the complex appearance and ambiguous outlines of tumors. Considering that multi-modal MR images can reflect different tumor biological properties, we develop a novel multi-modal tumor segmentation network (MMTSN) to robustly segment brain tumors based on multi-modal MR images. The MMTSN is composed of three sub-branches and a main branch. Specifically, the sub-branches are used to capture different tumor features from multi-modal images, while in the main branch, we design a spatial-channel fusion block (SCFB) to effectively aggregate multi-modal features. Additionally, inspired by the fact that the spatial relationship between sub-regions of tumor is relatively fixed, e.g., the enhancing tumor is always in the tumor core, we propose a spatial loss to constrain the relationship between different sub-regions of tumor. We evaluate our method on the test set of multi-modal brain tumor segmentation challenge 2020 (BraTs2020). The method achieves 0.8764, 0.8243 and 0.773 dice score for whole tumor, tumor core and enhancing tumor, respectively.
Stereo reconstruction from multiperspective panoramas (2004)

A new approach to computing a panoramic (360 degrees) depth map is presented in this paper. Our approach uses a large collection of images taken by a camera whose motion has been constrained to planar concentric circles. We resample regular perspective images to produce a set of multiperspective panoramas and then compute depth maps directly from these resampled panoramas. Our panoramas sample uniformly in three dimensions: rotation angle, inverse radial distance, and vertical elevation. The use of multiperspective panoramas eliminates the limited overlap present in the original input images and, thus, problems as in conventional multibaseline stereo can be avoided. Our approach differs from stereo matching of single-perspective panoramic images taken from different locations, where the epipolar constraints are sine curves. For our multiperspective panoramas, the epipolar geometry, to the first order approximation, consists of horizontal lines. Therefore, any traditional stereo algorithm can be applied to multiperspective panoramas with little modification. In this paper, we describe two reconstruction algorithms. The first is a cylinder sweep algorithm that uses a small number of resampled multiperspective panoramas to obtain dense 3D reconstruction. The second algorithm, in contrast, uses a large number of multiperspective panoramas and takes advantage of the approximate horizontal epipolar geometry inherent in multiperspective panoramas. It comprises a novel and efficient 1D multibaseline matching technique, followed by tensor voting to extract the depth surface. Experiments show that our algorithms are capable of producing comparable high quality depth maps which can be used for applications such as view interpolation.
Single-fraction Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy versus Conventionally Fractionated Radiation Therapy for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer Bone Metastases (2019)

SBRT for the management of prostate cancer bone metastases significantly reduces radiographic IFF. However, the high rate of subsequent DF and BF highlights the challenges in selecting patients who may benefit from aggressive radiation therapy.
Agile risk management for multi‐cloud software development (2018)

Industry in all sectors is experiencing a profound digital transformation that puts software at the core of their businesses. To react to continuously changing user requirements and dynamic markets, companies need to build robust workflows that allow them to increase their agility in order to remain competitive. This increasingly rapid transformation, especially in domains such as Internet of things or cloud computing, poses significant challenges to guarantee high‐quality software, since dynamism and agile short‐term planning reduce the ability to detect and manage risks. In this study, the authors describe the main challenges related to managing risk in agile software development, building on the experience of more than 20 agile coaches operating continuously for 15 years with hundreds of teams in industries in all sectors. They also propose a framework to manage risks that consider those challenges and supports collaboration, agility, and continuous development. An implementation of that framework is then described in a tool that handles risks and mitigation actions associated with the development of multi‐cloud applications. The methodology and the tool have been validated by a team of evaluators that were asked to consider its use in developing an urban smart mobility service and an airline flight scheduling system.
ChemInform Abstract: Transannular Diels—Alder Studies of 14‐Membered cis—trans—trans Macrocyclic Trienes Having Allylic Ether or Enone Dienophile. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Main group pyridyl-based ligands; strategies to mixed metal complexes (2012)

Tris-2-pyridyl ligands of the type [Y(2-py)(3)](n-) containing metallic or semi-metallic bridgehead atoms (Y) are a relatively new innovation in the area of main group coordination chemistry. This review highlights the major classes of ligands currently available, compares their coordination chemistry to their more well known non-metallic counterparts and explores the way in which they can be used to form heterometallic complexes in a targeted way.
Optimal Sequential Exploration: A Binary Learning Model (2006)

In this paper, we develop a practical and flexible framework for evaluating sequential exploration strategies in the case where the exploration prospects are dependent. Our interest in this problem was motivated by an oil exploration problem, and our approach begins with marginal assessments for each prospect (e.g., what is the probability that the well is wet?) and pairwise assessments of the dependence between prospects (e.g., what is the probability that both wells i and j are wet?). We then use information-theoretic methods to construct a full joint distribution for all outcomes from these marginal and pairwise assessments. This joint distribution is straightforward to calculate, has many nice properties, and appears to provide an accurate approximation for distributions likely to be encountered in practice. Given this joint probability distribution, we determine an optimal drilling strategy using an efficient dynamic programming model. We illustrate these techniques with an oil exploration example and study how dependence and risk aversion affect the optimal drilling strategies. The information-theory-based techniques for constructing joint distributions and dynamic programming model for determining optimal exploration strategies could be used together or separately in many other applications.
Rationally Designed Amanitins Achieve Enhanced Cytotoxicity (2022)

For 70 years, α-amanitin, the most cytotoxic peptide in its class, has been without a synthetic rival; through synthesis, we address the structure-activity relationships to inform the design of new amatoxins and disclose analogues that are more cytotoxic than the natural product when evaluated on CHO, HEK293, and HeLa cells, whereas on liver-derived HepG2 cells, the same toxins show diminished cytotoxicity.
An 'Affinity' Method for Preparing Polypeptides Enriched in the Collagen-Associated Ehrlich Chromogen (1983)

The collagen-associated compound which reacts at room temperature with acid dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (Ehrlichs reagent) also reacts in acid with aryl-diazonium reagents. We have developed a convenient method for isolating polypeptides associated with the Ehrlich chromogen from collagen digests utilizing diazotized arylamino-cellulose supports. These peptides, in which the Ehrlich chromogen is 'labeled' with yellow diazo color, constitute less than 0.5% of the collagen, and have amino acid patterns similar to those around the cross link regions. The chromogen is not identical with pyridinoline, also thought to be a polyvalent cross link.