gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Chemosensitization of Cancer Cells by KU-0060648, a Dual Inhibitor of DNA-PK and PI-3K (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) are the most cytotoxic lesions induced by topoisomerase II poisons. Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) is a major pathway for DSB repair and requires DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) activity. DNA-PK catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) is structurally similar to PI-3K, which promotes cell survival and proliferation and is upregulated in many cancers. KU-0060648 is a dual inhibitor of DNA-PK and PI-3K &lt;i&gt;in vitro.&lt;/i&gt; KU-0060648 was investigated in a panel of human breast and colon cancer cells. The compound inhibited cellular DNA-PK autophosphorylation with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 0.019 μmol/L (MCF7 cells) and 0.17 μmol/L (SW620 cells), and PI-3K–mediated AKT phosphorylation with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 0.039 μmol/L (MCF7 cells) and more than 10 μmol/L (SW620 cells). Five-day exposure to 1 μmol/L KU-0060648 inhibited cell proliferation by more than 95% in MCF7 cells but only by 55% in SW620 cells. In clonogenic survival assays, KU-0060648 increased the cytotoxicity of etoposide and doxorubicin across the panel of DNA-PKcs–proficient cells, but not in DNA-PKcs–deficient cells, thus confirming that enhanced cytotoxicity was due to DNA-PK inhibition. In mice bearing SW620 and MCF7 xenografts, concentrations of KU-0060648 that were sufficient for &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; growth inhibition and chemosensitization were maintained within the tumor for at least 4 hours at nontoxic doses. KU-0060648 alone delayed the growth of MCF7 xenografts and increased etoposide-induced tumor growth delay in both in SW620 and MCF7 xenografts by up to 4.5-fold, without exacerbating etoposide toxicity to unacceptable levels. The proof-of-principle &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; chemosensitization with KU-0060648 justifies further evaluation of dual DNA-PK and PI-3K inhibitors. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Ther; 11(8); 1789–98. ©2012 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Resonant nonlinear optical properties of GaAs-GaAlAs single quantum-well waveguide and an integrated asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer (1992)

The resonant refractive and absorptive optical nonlinearities of a GaAs-AlGaAs single quantum-well waveguide are characterized. The recovery time of the absorptive nonlinearity is measured as 125 ps. All-optical operation of an integrated asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer is demonstrated, using intense approximately 50-ps pulses from a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser. The device operation is detrimentally affected by thermally induced changes in the refractive index even in a 50 ps timescale.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Cloud Services for Distributed Knowledge Discovery (2016)

Knowledge discovery in databases (KDD) techniques are used in many areas to extract useful knowledge from large datasets. Very often, distributed KDD approaches must be used because datasets are too large to be analyzed in a single site, or because they are inherently distributed across many locations and cannot be moved to a central site for processing. Several distributed KDD systems have been proposed so far. In most cases, those systems had to face infrastructure-level issues, such as resource allocation, execution management, fault tolerance, and so on. In this chapter we describe how cloud computing technologies can be exploited to implement a distributed KDD system without worrying about low-level aspects, as they are already addressed by the cloud infrastructure. We discuss the functional requirements of a generic distributed KDD system, and how these requirements can be fulfilled by a cloud. Then, as a case study, we describe how we used a cloud platform to design and develop a framework that supports the distributed execution of KDD workflows.
Synergistic fire‐retardancy properties of melamine coated ammonium poly(phosphate) in combination with rod‐like mineral filler attapulgite for polymer‐modified bitumen roofing membranes (2020)

Summary A novel intumescent (carbonization, acid donor and foaming) fire retardant that mimics carbon nanotubes was introduced into bitumen roofing and characterized using cone calorimetry as the main analytical tool. The experimental results indicate that 18% (by mass) attapulgite mineral (ATTP) mixed with base bitumen decreased the peak heat release rate per unit area (pHRRPUA) by 10%. Further, incorporation of melamine coated ammonium polyphosphate (MAPP) decreased the pHRRPUA by 52% and a mixture of these (3:1, ATTP:MAPP) decreased the pHRRPUA by 25% as compared to adding CaCO 3 as a filler. The residual mass loss after the cone test was also improved with up to 3%. The indication of a positive synergistic flame retardant effect of the ATTP‐MAPP mixture is supported by thermogravimetric analysis. The addition of this rod‐like mineral improved the general fire retardant properties of the base bitumen and increased the viscosity. Therefore, the polymer‐modified bitumen with both fire retardant and rheological properties (providing mechanical strength) is a promising novel approach in the design of bitumen roofing membranes.
Electronic Effect on Rhodium Diphosphine Catalyzed Hydroformylation: The Bite Angle Effect Reconsidered (1998)

The electronic effect in the rhodium diphosphine catalyzed hydroformylation was investigated. A series of electronically modified thixantphos ligands was synthesized, and their effects on coordination chemistry and catalytic performance were studied. Phosphine basicity was varied by using p-(CH3)2N, p-CH3O, p-H, p-F, p-Cl, or p-CF3 substituents on the diphenylphosphine moieties. X-ray crystal structure determinations of the complexes (thixantphos)Rh(CO)H(PPh3) and (p-CH3O-thixantphos)Rh(CO)H(PPh3) were obtained. The solutions structures of the (diphosphine)Rh(CO)H(PPh3) and (diphosphine)Rh(CO)2H complexes were studied by IR and NMR spectroscopy. IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy showed that the (diphosphine)Rh(CO)2H complexes consist of dynamic equilibria of diequatorial (ee) and equatorial−apical (ea) isomers. The equilibrium compositions proved to be dependent on phosphine basicity; the ee:ea isomer ratio shifts gradually from almost one for the p-(CH3)2N-substituted ligand to more than nine for the p-CF3-substituted ligand. Assignments of bands to ee and ea isomers and the shifts in wavenumbers in the IR spectra were supported by calculations on (PH3)2Rh(CO)2H, (PH3)2Rh(CO)2D, and (PF3)2Rh(CO)2H complexes using density functional theory. In the hydroformylation of 1-octene and styrene an increase in l:b ratio and activity was observed with decreasing phosphine basicity. Most remarkably for 1-octene the selectivity for linear aldehyde formation was between 92 and 93% for all ligands. These results indicate that the chelation mode in the (diphosphine)Rh(CO)2H complexes per se is not the key parameter controlling the regioselectivity. Mechanistic explanations of the effect of the natural bite angle on regioselectivity are reconsidered.
Reduced Glucocorticoid Binding Affinity in Asthma Is Related to Ongoing Allergic Inflammation (1995)

Recent studies indicate that chronic asthma is associated with a spectrum of glucocorticoid receptor (GCR) binding abnormalities that are cytokine-inducible. These GCR abnormalities may contribute to poor asthma control and failure to respond to glucocorticoid (GC) therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine whether GCR defects are associated with poorly controlled asthma, and whether diminished GCR binding is reversible following a course of GC therapy. We enrolled 12 patients with poorly controlled asthma characterized by nocturnal awakening with cough or wheezing, AM FEV1 < 70%, or FEV1 variability of > 25% requiring a short course of high dose GC therapy. GCR binding affinity was measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using a radioligand binding assay before and after the GC course. Spirometry, serum cortisol, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels were also performed before and after the GC course. At baseline, all subjects had airflow obstruction that significantly improved (median FEV1 increased from 65.0% to 89.5% of predicted, median FEV1/FVC ratio increased from 0.60 to 0.72) with therapy. A diminished GCR binding affinity at baseline was noted with an elevated median dissociation constant (Kd) of 29.0 nM (interquartile range at the 25th and 75th percentile [IQ] of 22.3 and 44.5 nM) compared with normal controls (Kd 8.0 nM [IQ 7.0, 9.2]). Following the GC course, a significant decrease in the Kd was seen. Serum ECP and sIL-2R levels at baseline were elevated, with serum ECP demonstrating a significant reduction following the GC course.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Coordinated Dinitrogen. Part 18. Formation of Ammonia and Hydrazine from the Reactions of Acids with Bis(dinitrogen) Complexes of Molybdenum. (1986)

Abstract Die Reaktionen von HBr und HCl mit trans‐ [Mo(N2)2(triphos)(PR3)] (triphos: PhP(CH 2 CH 2 PPh 2 ) 2 ; PR3: PPh3 (I) und PMePhz (II)) werden in THF und in Benzol untersucht.
Sliding Mode Control Using Virtual Eigenvalue Method for Compact Optical Image Stabilization Actuators (2008)

The latest research in optical image stabilization actuators (OISA) focuses on improving the image quality of high resolution cameras in a photographing optical system (POS). The focal image blur is always caused of external and environmental jitter when pictures of an image sensor are acquired by photographers. Several works concerned for OISA are emphasized mainly OISA design methods; consequently, they are devoted to minimizing dimensions and maximizing driving magnetic force with low power consumption. Although two proportional-integral-derivative controllers and lead-lag compensators have been proposed to position dual axes of OISA in a POS, they lack robustness to compensate nonuniform friction, system uncertainty, and external disturbance. Therefore, this work aims at the sliding mode control (SMC) using virtual eigenvalue method to achieve fast time response and accurate position despite vibration from external jitter and friction of a compact OISA. The sliding surface can be reached in finite time to match disturbance. Accordingly, the SMC algorithm works well despite system uncertainty and external disturbance, and then the time response of simulation and experiment are matched. In consequence, the settling time of dual axes are converged within 0.2 s when the dual axes of movable platform of a compact OISA move at 0.5 mm stroke in a POS.
Influence of Sporulation Medium Composition on Transcription of ger Operons and the Germination Response of Spores of Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 (2006)

Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 endospores were produced in Y1 medium, a nutrient-rich, chemically defined sporulation medium, and in modified G medium, containing low amounts of nutrients. The average transcription level of the seven ger operons per cell was 3.5 times higher in Y1 medium, and the spores grown in this medium showed an enhanced germination response.
Biomechanical Analysis of Unilateral Fixation With Interbody Cages (2005)

In the group of unilateral fixation combining PLIF with two cages, the anterior support of cages enabled unilateral instrumentation to restore torsional stiffness and other spinal stability indexes. Considering the initial stability and the load-sharing effect, this study showed that the unilateral fixation combining PLIF and two cages might be a good alternative to spinal fixation.
What we see is what we do: a practical Peripheral Vision-Based HMM framework for gaze-enhanced recognition of actions in a medical procedural task (2023)

Abstract Deep learning models have shown remarkable performances in egocentric video-based action recognition (EAR), but rely heavily on a large quantity of training data. In specific applications with only limited data available, eye movement data may provide additional valuable sensory information to achieve accurate classification performances. However, little is known about the effectiveness of gaze data as a modality for egocentric action recognition. We, therefore, propose the new Peripheral Vision-Based HMM (PVHMM) classification framework, which utilizes context-rich and object-related gaze features for the detection of human action sequences. Gaze information is quantified using two features, the object-of-interest hit and the object–gaze distance, and human action recognition is achieved by employing a hidden Markov model. The classification performance of the framework is tested and validated on a safety-critical medical device handling task sequence involving seven distinct action classes, using 43 mobile eye tracking recordings. The robustness of the approach is evaluated using the addition of Gaussian noise. Finally, the results are then compared to the performance of a VGG-16 model. The gaze-enhanced PVHMM achieves high classification performances in the investigated medical procedure task, surpassing the purely image-based classification model. Consequently, this gaze-enhanced EAR approach shows the potential for the implementation in action sequence-dependent real-world applications, such as surgical training, performance assessment, or medical procedural tasks.
Parallel hybrid CPU/GPU acceleration of the 3-D parallel code SPH-flow (2010)

International audience
Heart Failure Around the World (2019)

With increasingly large sample sizes required to demonstrate event reduction, heart failure outcome trials are no longer being performed in a small group of selected patients and countries, but at a global scale with worldwide contribution of patients from countries with considerable differences in background therapy, socioeconomic status and healthcare practices. Recent studies have highlighted how socioeconomic determinants rather than geographical factors may underlie the heterogeneity of patient populations across the globe. Therefore, in this review, we evaluated (i) regional differences in patient characteristics and outcomes in recent epidemiologic studies; (ii) regional differences in worldwide representativeness of clinical trial populations; and (iii) the role of socioeconomic determinants in driving country differences in heart failure trial enrolment and clinical outcomes.
Data Sequence Map Flooding in MPTCP Framework: Potential Challenges and Efficient Countermeasures (2020)

Multipath Transmission Control Protocol (MPTCP) is a new protocol currently under design and standardization by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Its primary objective is to enable TCP to operate over multiple paths simultaneously. The protocol consists of a set of new signaling options that needs to be exchanged regularly between MPTCP capable endpoints through the TCP option field. Data Sequence Map (DSM) is one of the most crucial information that needs to be exchanged between the MPTCP endpoints. In this paper, we analyze the DSM exchange mechanism in MPTCP, from a security perspective, and identify potential misbehaviors by MPTCP endpoints. In particular, considering the fact that MPTCP is a stateful transport layer protocol, we explore the possibility of a new adverse scenario called Data Sequence Map flooding (DSM flooding). To the best of our knowledge, this paper for the first time describes three representative scenarios of DSM flooding: 1) DSM flooding through pure acknowledgements (ACKs), 2) DSM Flooding through map splitting and 3) Noncontiguous map splitting and flooding. DSM flooding can be performed by either of the MPTCP endpoints after establishing a MPTCP connection. We highlight the impact of DSM flooding on the other endpoint. We also propose novel countermeasures, including a map aggregation technique for the map receiving endpoint, to reduce the impact of DSM flooding in MPTCP framework.
Fluorescein-methotrexate transport in dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias) choroid plexus (2006)

The vertebrate choroid plexus removes potentially toxic metabolites and xenobiotics from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to blood for subsequent excretion in urine and bile. We used confocal microscopy and quantitative image analysis to characterize the mechanisms driving transport of the large organic anion, fluorescein-methotrexate (FL-MTX), from bath (CSF-side) to blood vessels in intact lateral choroid plexus from dogfish shark, Squalus acanthias, an evolutionarily ancient vertebrate. With 2 microM FL-MTX in the bath, steady-state fluorescence in the subepithelium/vascular space exceeded bath levels by 5- to 10-fold, and fluorescence in the epithelial cells was slightly below bath levels. FL-MTX accumulation in both tissue compartments was reduced by NaCN, Na removal, and ouabain, but not by a 10-fold increase in medium K. Certain organic anions, e.g., probenecid, MTX, and taurocholate, reduced FL-MTX accumulation in both tissue compartments; p-aminohippurate and estrone sulfate reduced subepithelial/vascular accumulation, but not cellular accumulation. At low concentrations, digoxin, leukotriene C4, and MK-571 reduced fluorescence in the subepithelium/vascular space while increasing cellular fluorescence, indicating preferential inhibition of efflux over uptake. In the presence of 10 microM digoxin (reduced efflux, enhanced cellular accumulation), cellular FL-MTX accumulation was specific, concentrative, and Na dependent. Thus transepithelial FL-MTX transport involved the following two carrier-mediated steps: electroneutral, Na-dependent uptake at the apical membrane and electroneutral efflux at the basolateral membrane. Finally, FL-MTX accumulation in both tissue compartments was reduced by phorbol ester and increased by forskolin, indicating antagonistic modulation by protein kinase C and protein kinase A.
5. Electromagnetic Sounding (1991)

INTRODUCTION Electromagnetic soundings are made to determine variations in the electrical conductivity of the earth with depth. Electromagnetic (EM) sounding methods include natural-field methods such as magnetotellurics (MT) as well as high-frequency radiation techniques such as radar probing. This chapter is concerned with controlled-source induction methods of sounding, so-called because an artificial source is used to generate the EM field, and because the frequencies are low enough that the measurement distance is less than the free-space wavelength. This is the quasi-static range, where conduction currents rather than displacement currents predominate. In the following discussing the general term EM sounding will be used for simplicity and to follow convention.
PREPARATION OF CHITIN NANOFIBERS-GOLD METALLIC NANOCOMPOSITE BY PHASE TRANSFER METHOD (2012)

Chitin nanofibers (CNFs)- Au(0) nanoparticles ( Au NPs) blends in dispersion, flakes and thin film or sheet forms were first prepared by mixing pre-organized Au NPs prepared in triblock copolymer with diluted CNFs suspension. Water soluble polymer triblock copolymer poly (methyl vinyl ether, PMVE) in the amount 0.6 wt.% was used to prepare NPs and 0.12 wt.% net chitin content was used as CNFs suspension to prepare the blended composite. Au NPs of size 4.4 nm (σ = 1.2) were obtained when Au salt ( HAuCl 4 ⋅3H 2 O (hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) trihydrate) was reduced by 5 equivalents of NaBH 4 . PMVE polymer acted as a stabilizing or capping agent for pre-organized NPs. Completion of reaction was fast, all salt reduced to metallic form in just 15 min after the addition of NaBH 4 . CNFs (1 wt.% chitin) which was used to prepare CNFs- Au NPs blend composite were prepared from crab shell in never dried acidic condition by established combination of chemical and mechanical processes that gave 25–40 nm width and high aspect ratio CNFs. When polymer capped Au NPs mixed with CNF suspension, all Au NPs and 56% polymer were mass transferred from water phase to entangle with more polar moieties of CNFs-water suspension as no trace of Au NPs were noticed in water–polymer mother liquor after blending with CNFs suspension. Particles size of CNFs- Au NPs composite was measured by employing TEM, SAXS and SEM techniques. CNFs- Au NPs composite were characterized in solution and compressed dried sheet form by recording digital images, UV-vis and XRD spectroscopies. CNFs- Au NPs suspension had antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria S. aureus.
Biochemical, Genetic, and Zoosporicidal Properties of Cyclic Lipopeptide Surfactants Produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens (2003)

Zoospores play an important role in the infection of plant and animal hosts by oomycetes and other zoosporic fungi. In this study, six fluorescent Pseudomonas isolates with zoosporicidal activities were obtained from the wheat rhizosphere. Zoospores of multiple oomycetes, including Pythium species, Albugo candida, and Phytophthora infestans, were rendered immotile within 30 s of exposure to cell suspensions or cell culture supernatants of the six isolates, and subsequent lysis occurred within 60 s. The representative strain SS101, identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens biovar II, reduced the surface tension of water from 73 to 30 mN m-1. The application of cell suspensions of strain SS101 to soil or hyacinth bulbs provided significant protection against root rot caused by Pythium intermedium. Five Tn5 mutants of strain SS101lacked the abilities to reduce the surface tension of water and to cause lysis of zoospores. Genetic characterization of two surfactant-deficient mutants showed that the transposons had integrated into condensation domains of peptide synthetases. A partially purified extract from strain SS101 reduced the surface tension of water to 30 mN m-1 and reached the critical micelle concentration at 25 micrograms ml-1. Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography yielded eight different fractions, five of which had surface activity and caused lysis of zoospores. Mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses allowed the identification of the main constituent as a cyclic lipopeptide (1,139 Da) containing nine amino acids and a 10-carbon hydroxy fatty acid. The other four zoosporicidal fractions were closely related to the main constituent, with molecular massesranging from 1,111 to 1,169 Da.
Oxytocin, a New Determinant of Bone Mineral Density in Post-Menopausal Women: Analysis of the OPUS Cohort (2014)

High OT levels are associated with high BMD, especially at the hip in women with low estradiol or high leptin serum levels. The mechanism may be explained by the effect of OT on bone turnover.
Low-power high-yield SRAM design with VSS adaptive boosting and BL capacitance variation sensing (2013)

Adaptive VSS boosting with process variation compensation is proposed to reduce the standby leakage by 6X at room temperature and improves the write static noise margin. The N-pulse read assist circuit enables higher read stability and faster read speed. The systematic BL capacitance variation is detected, and a proper WL voltage is generated to mitigate the BL discharging speed variation by 20%.
Sources of variability in quantification of CMR infarct size and their impact on sample size calculations - reproducibility among three core laboratories (2015)

Background Infarct size is increasingly used as an efficacy endpoint in randomized trials comparing acute myocardial infarct (AMI) therapies. Infarct size, depicted by delayedenhancement-CMR, is quantified using manual planimetry (MANUAL), visual scoring (VISUAL), or automated techniques using signal-intensity thresholding to define infarct borders (AUTO). Although AUTO is considered the most reproducible, prior studies did not account for the subjective determination of endocardial/epicardial borders, which all methods require. For MANUAL and VISUAL, prior studies have not explicitly defined how to treat intermediate signal-intensities due to partial volume. We wanted to assess sources of variability among 6 methods in quantification of AMI size, and illustrate the significance of these findings on sample size calculations for clinical trials.