gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EXERCISE CAPACITY EXPLAINS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEPRESSION AND HEART RATE RECOVERY AFTER TREADMILL STRESS TESTING (2005)

2005 AACVPR Abstracts and Posters: AACPVR Meeting Abstracts and Posters: Poster Session: Exercise Physiology
Amplified gigabit PON systems [Invited] (2007)

Feature Issue on Passive Optical Network Architectures and TechnologiesWe describe how a passive optical network (PON) extender box can be implemented at standard PON wavelengths (1310 and 1490nm) using either optical fiber amplifiers (praseodymium and thulium) or semiconductor optical amplifiers to further increase the physical reach and split of a current standardized PON system such as a G-PON or GE-PON. The transparency to PON protocol of this approach means no changes to the existing standards are required. This is attractive as operators and vendors are keen to fully exploit the investment made in current PON standards.
Modeling Insulin Action for Development of a Closed-Loop Artificial Pancreas (2005)

Three models of glucose homeostasis are compared in terms of their steady-state dose-response characteristics, how they characterize glucose distribution kinetics, and how they characterize the dynamics of insulin action. The three models [minimal model, AIDA (Automated Insulin Dosage Advisor), and a model by Sorensen] are used to discuss a wider variety of questions related to metabolic modeling. Simulations are performed comparing each model's response to an intravenous glucose tolerance test, with and without incremental insulin responses, to existing data in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Predicted changes in blood glucose following a subcutaneous bolus of insulin or an incremental increase in basal insulin delivery are simulated. From these results, the models are evaluated as potential candidates for simulating changes in treatment and developing a closed-loop insulin delivery algorithm. While no consensus model is proposed, relevant issues needing to be addressed are highlighted.
Rapid Pressure Support for Champion SE Reservoirs by Multilayer Fractured Water Injection (2007)

Summary The Champion field is a large oil field offshore Negara Brunei Darussalam. This paper discusses the (for us) novel application of water injection-induced multilayer fractured injection into three shallow reservoirs in the Champion Southeast (CPSE) field. Fractured water injection means that the bottomhole injection pressure is allowed to exceed the formation's fracture pressure. Thereby an unpropped fracture is created, which propagates depending on the injection water's leakoff rate into the formation. The project is part of a larger secondary recovery implementation scheme and future efforts to increase economic oil production and ultimate recovery in the whole Champion field. The main boundary condition for the rapid water injection project is the use of existing infrastructure with the exception of three new water pipelines and nine new wells. This paper describes the following: Reservoir setting and production history. Water injection philosophy. Design considerations for fractured water injection including: Pressure requirement to design for fractured water injection. Simulation of fracture growth and containment and resulting conclusions. Design considerations for the multilayer fractured water injector wells including: Selected drilling aspects (well trajectory, drill-in fluid, formation evaluation, casing scheme). Completion design considerations (cleanout, perforating, sand control, selectivity, "smartness", other). Material selection. One of the main conclusions is that fracture growth and containment is not a major issue in soft, high-permeable formations. The main challenge is in drilling the—in some cases—demanding well trajectories and running the "smart" completions in these wells with small tolerances.
Efficient processing of pathological images using the grid (2007)

This paper presents a generalizable architecture for a grid-enabled biomedical imaging application, used for processing of pathological images for computer-aided prognosis. The presented architecture provides the scientists and developers a collaborative environment for management of remote image data and algorithm repositories and job execution over the grid. It is specifically designed for processing large-scale images in a distributed environment. In addition to the architecture, we also present its application to the computer-aided neuroblastoma prognosis as well as performance evaluation of the developed system using digitized pathological images.
Two-dimensional gratings-based phase-contrast imaging using a conventional x-ray tube (2011)

A Talbot-Lau interferometer using two-dimensional gratings and a conventional x-ray tube has been used to investigate a phase-contrast imaging technique that is sensitive to phase gradients in two orthogonal directions. Fourier analysis of Moiré fringe patterns was introduced to obtain differential phase images and scattering images from a single exposure. Two-dimensional structures of plastic phantoms and characteristic features of soft tissue were clearly obtained at 17.5 keV. The phase-stepping technique was also examined to investigate the spatial resolution of different phase retrieval methods. In the presented setup we found that the choice of phase retrieval method made little difference in image blur, and a large effective source size was found to give a high intensity in the image plane.
BISPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF CHUA'S CIRCUIT (1993)

Bispectral analysis (which isolates quadratic nonlinear interactions among triads of Fourier components) is used to investigate bifurcations in Chua's circuit. For period-doubled limit cycles, the dominant interactions of the circuit are quadratically nonlinear, and bicoherence spectra isolate the phase coupling between increasing numbers of triads of Fourier components as the nonlinearity of the system is increased. For circuit parameters that result in a chaotic, Rössler-type attractor, bicoherence spectra indicate that quadratic nonlinear interactions are important to the dynamics. For parameters that lead to the double scroll chaotic attractor the bispectrum is zero, suggesting that nonlinear interactions of order higher than quadratic dominate the dynamics. Higher-than-second order spectra (e.g. trispectra) are required to isolate the individual nonlinear interactions for the double scroll.
Integration of well posedness analysis in software engineering (2007)

This paper advocates the use of well posedness analysis as a tool to use in software engineering. Well posedness analysis as a problem solving tool has seen too little use, especially in computer science and software engineering. A problem is well posed if and only if: (1) at least one solution exists, (2) at most one solution exists, and (3) the solution is stable. Here well posedness analysis is described as an augmentation to software engineering as an approach to improving software quality.
Water jet perforation: a new method of completing and simulating in situ leaching wells. Report of investigations (1981)

The Bureau of Mines has designed, fabricated, and field tested a water jet cutting device capable of perforating nonmetallic well casings for the purpose of completing or stimulating in situ uranium leaching wells. The device is lowered into the wellbore, where it issues a high-velocity water jet that penetrates either a polyvinyl chloride or fiberglass casing, cement, and from 1 to 4 feet into the surrounding uraniferous sandstone. The resulting perforations allow leaching solution to pass between the sandstone and the wellbore. This report describes the water jet perforator, tells how it is used, presents cost data, and discusses the results of laboratory and field tests. The tests were designed to (1) determine the optimum operating conditions for water jet perforation, (2) assess the effects of changes in these conditions, (3) evaluate the performance of the water jet perforator under actual conditions, and (4) compare this method with other methods of well completion. These tests showed that water jet perforation is superior to conventional well completion methods for selectively achieving communication between the wellbore and adjacent sand while maintaining sand control, for restoring permeability lost through wellbore damage, for stimulating poorly performing wells for completing wells with casings that havemore » inside diameters as small as 2 inches, and for extending the effective well diameter.« less
Hybrid Power Management Program Evaluated Ultracapacitors for the Next Generation Launch Transportation Project (2005)

The NASA Glenn Research Center initiated baseline testing of ultracapacitors to obtain empirical data in determining the feasibility of using ultracapacitors for the Next Generation Launch Transportation (NGLT) Project. There are large transient loads associated with NGLT that require a very large primary energy source or an energy storage system. The primary power source used for this test was a proton-exchange-membrane (PEM) fuel cell. The energy storage system can consist of batteries, flywheels, or ultracapacitors. Ultracapacitors were used for these tests. NASA Glenn has a wealth of experience in ultracapacitor technology through the Hybrid Power Management (HPM) Program, which the Avionics, Power and Communications Branch of Glenn s Engineering Development Division initiated for the Technology Transfer and Partnership Office. HPM is the innovative integration of diverse, state-ofthe- art power devices in optimal configurations for space and terrestrial applications. The appropriate application and control of the various advanced power devices (such as ultracapacitors and fuel cells) significantly improves overall system performance and efficiency. HPM has extremely wide potential. Applications include power generation, transportation systems, biotechnology systems, and space power systems. HPM has the potential to significantly alleviate global energy concerns, improve the environment, and stimulate the economy.
Synthesis and Optical Properties of Cyanine Dyes as Fluorescent DNA Base Substitutions for Live Cell Imaging (2010)

Abstract The chromophore of thiazole orange ( TO ) and its derivative TO3 were incorporated synthetically as base surrogates into oligonucleotides using automated phosphoramidite chemistry. In comparison to TO , the TO3 chromophore contains an extended carbomethine bridge that shifts the absorption and emission significantly to the red. ( S )‐1‐Aminopropane‐2,3‐diol served as an acyclic linker between the phosphodiesters. This linker was attached either to the quinoline or the thiazole nitrogen of the TO and TO3 dyes. The optical properties of TO and TO3 were studied in different DNA base environments and with different opposite bases. Both dyes asfluorescent DNA base substitutions show a brightness that is sufficient for bioanalytic and imaging applications. Additionally the TO3 dyes were combined as interstrand dimers, but in contrast to TO dimers, a red‐shifted fluorescence was not observed. However, TO and TO3 can be combined to an interstrand chromophore pair and a DNA hybridization‐dependent energy transfer process can be obtained between the modifications. As a result, the emission is shifted from the TO ‐typical value of 530 nm to 670 nm. This concept can be applied for fluorescence imaging to monitor DNA delivery as well as processing inside living cells by confocal microscopy. In contrast to the non‐covalently binding TO dyes, the TO ‐ and TO3 ‐modified oligonucleotides are cell‐permeable.
2-[(18)F]Fluoro-2-deoxyglucose and glucose uptake in malignant gliomas before and after radiotherapy: correlation with outcome. (2002)

Low MRGlc or MRFDG before RT probably indicates less aggressive disease. An increase in MRGlc or MRFDG from pre- to post-RT in the tumors of patients with longer survival could be because of one or more of the following or other reasons: (a) apoptosis of tumor cells in response to RT requires energy; (b) decreased tumor cell density by the RT leaving normal cells with higher metabolism; or (c) inflammatory cells infiltrate and take up glucose or FDG where tumor cells are dying. Quantitative 1-[(11)C]glucose or FDG uptake in the early weeks post-RT correlates poorly with survival.
I09 A Huntington’s disease embryonic stem cell phenotypic hts to identify small molecule modulators of mutant huntingtin (2022)

<h3></h3> Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative genetic disorder that affects muscle coordination and leads to cognitive decline. HD is caused by a trinucleotide repeat expansion in the huntingtin (HTT) gene, specifically a CAG (polyglutamine) expansion in exon 1 which results in an abnormal mutant protein. HD therapeutic discovery is currently biased towards HTT lowering agents. Encouragingly, a clinical pipeline for DNA/RNA targeted HTT-lowering agents now exists; however, most of these approaches use biological agents, such as ASOs, RNAi and ZFTRs that require invasive administration and have relatively limited biodistribution. To overcome these challenges, we seek to identify novel brain penetrant small molecules with suitable oral dosing that selectively lower mutant HTT protein. To do this, we developed an unbiased phenotypic assay in HD-patient derived, polyQ48 embryonic stem cells (ESC) and screened AstraZeneca’s industry-leading 250k EPEC compound library through the Open Innovation Partnership Scheme. Progressed HTT-lowering hits showed good translation in IC50 format; counter-screen and orthogonal assays were then applied to define specificity, selectivity, and putative mechanism of action. One compound was identified for further progression as it displayed a robust and specific HTT-lowering profile. Around 30 close analogues of this hit were synthesized to reveal an active series that was shown to work via a unique HTT RNA-lowering mechanism. A review of this screening campaign and its output will be presented along with the characterisation studies aimed at understanding the mechanism of action of the hit series.
Evaluation of the TriSpan Neck Bridge Device for the Treatment of Wide-Necked Aneurysms (2001)

These results show that the TriSpan coil in conjunction with standard GDCs can be used safely and effectively for the treatment of wide-necked aneurysms in this canine model. Positioning and deployment of the neck bridge in aneurysms having an acute angle with the long axis of their parent artery are difficult or impossible. It is likely that this device, used in conjunction with the standard GDC, will allow treatment of some wide-necked aneurysms that are not treatable with the GDC alone.
Clinical significance of surfactant protein D as a serum marker for evaluating pulmonary fibrosis in patients with systemic sclerosis (2001)

These results suggest that SP-D, as well as KL-6, may be a useful serum marker for evaluating PF in patients with SSc.
Method of Tumor Pathological Micronecrosis Quantification Via Deep Learning From Label Fuzzy Proportions (2021)

The presence of necrosis is associated with tumor progression and patient outcomes in many cancers, but existing analyses rarely adopt quantitative methods because the manual quantification of histopathological features is too expensive. We aim to accurately identify necrotic regions on hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained slides and to calculate the ratio of necrosis with minimal annotations on the images. An adaptive method named Learning from Label Fuzzy Proportions (LLFP) was introduced to histopathological image analysis. Two datasets of liver cancer HE slides were collected to verify the feasibility of the method by training on the internal set using cross validation and performing validation on the external set, along with ensemble learning to improve performance. The models from cross validation performed relatively stably in identifying necrosis, with a Concordance Index of the Slide Necrosis Score (CISNS) of 0.9165±0.0089 in the internal test set. The integration model improved the CISNS to 0.9341 and achieved a CISNS of 0.8278 on the external set. There were significant differences in survival (p = 0.0060) between the three groups divided according to the calculated necrosis ratio. The proposed method can build an integration model good at distinguishing necrosis and capable of clinical assistance as an automatic tool to stratify patients with different risks or as a cluster tool for the quantification of histopathological features. We presented a method effective for identifying histopathological features and suggested that the extent of necrosis, especially micronecrosis, in liver cancer is related to patient outcomes.
Molecular cloning and characterization of cathepsin F from olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus (2008)

A cysteine protease of the papain family was identified by dbEST‐database search of olive flounder. A 2,084 kb full‐length cDNA encoding a predicted polypeptide of 475 amino acids was sequenced. The flounder cathepsin F exhibits a domain structure typical for papain‐like cysteine proteases, a 17 amino acid N‐terminal hydrophobic signal sequence followed by an extraordinarily long propeptide of 244 amino acids and the domain of the mature protease comprising 213 amino acids. The mature region contains all features characteristic of a papain‐like cysteune protease, including the highly conserved cysteine, histidine and asparagine residues of the ‘catalytic triad’. The cathepsin F protein showed 46–58% amino acid sequence identity with other known cathepsin F sequences. An in vivo expression study showed that cathepsin F mRNA was expressed predominantly in brain, liver, eye and heart, and moderately in other tissues. The accumulation of cathepsin F mRNA in immune related‐tissues determined by RT‐PCR showed the increase after bacterial challenge. In addition, its expression was detected early stage of development. This expression pattern suggests that flounder cathepsin F has been implicated in the defense, immune, growth and reproduction regulation.
Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of heterophase materials in the Zr–Mo–Si–B system. Kinetics and mechanisms of combustion and structure formation (2022)

The paper focuses on the study of the combustion kinetics and mechanisms of elemental mixtures in the Zr–Mo–Si–B system, as well as the analysis of phase and structural transformation stages in the combustion wave. A thermodynamic analysis of potential chemical reactions occurring in the combustion wave was carried out. The reaction of ZrB 2 formation is preferred in the range of 298–2500 K. Above 2200 K, the formation of MoB becomes more thermodynamically advantageous as compared to MoSi 2 . Phase stability estimates of combustion products showed that ZrB 2 , MoSi 2 and MoB phases are in equilibrium. Experimental dependences Т c ( Т 0 ) and U c ( Т 0 ) are linear, which implies an unchanged combustion mechanism at T 0 = 298÷800 K. Preheating leads to an increase in U c . Similarly, an increase in the proportion of Zr and B in the mixture has a similar effect, i.e. an increase in heat emission and T c . With a minimum content of Zr and B, the interaction between Mo and Si with the formation of MoSi 2 by the reaction diffusion mechanism is decisive. As the proportion of Zr and B increases, the rise of T 0 to 750 K does not affect the T c . E eff values (50–196 kJ/mol) confirm the significant influence of liquid-phase processes on the combustion kinetics. The mechanism of structure formation was studied. A Si–Zr–Mo melt is formed in the combustion front. The primary grains of ZrB 2 and MoB crystallize from this melt as it is saturated with boron. At the same time, the melt spreads over the surface of Zr and Mo particles. This leads to the formation of ZrSi x , MoSi x films. Core-shell structures are formed behind the combustion front, which disappear as they move towards the post-combustion zone. The phase composition of products is formed in the combustion front in less than 0.25 s.
Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly Using Visible Light Mediated Photoinduced Electron Transfer–Reversible Addition–Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization (2015)

The ruthenium-based photoredox catalyst, Ru(bpy)<sub>3</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>, was employed to activate reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) dispersion polymerization via a photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process under visible light (λ = 460 nm, 0.7 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>). Poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) was chain extended with benzyl methacrylate to afford in situ self-assembled polymeric nanoparticles with various morphologies. The effect of different intrinsic reaction parameters, such as catalyst concentration, total solids content, and cosolvent addition was investigated with respect to the formation of different nanoparticle morphologies, including spherical micelles, worm-like micelles, and vesicles. Importantly, highly pure worm-like micelles were readily isolated due to the in situ formation of highly viscous gels. Finally, "ON/OFF" control over the dispersion polymerization was demonstrated by online Fourier transform near-infrared (FTNIR) spectroscopy, allowing for temporal control over the nanoparticle morphology.
Production of sugars from mixed hardwoods for use in the synthesis of sugar fatty acid esters catalyzed by immobilized‐stabilized derivatives of Candida antarctica lipase B (2023)

Abstract The synthesis of sugar fatty acid esters (SFAEs) from lignocellulosic biomass and oleic acid (C18:1) was catalyzed by immobilized‐stabilized derivatives of Candida antarctica lipase B in a methyl ethyl ketone medium. After steam‐explosion pretreatment of mixed hardwoods and enzymatic hydrolysis at 15%wt solids, xylose and glucose were purified/concentrated to a mass ratio of ~3 to 1. These lignocellulosic sugars were superior to commercial sugars as the carbohydrate source for the esterification reaction in terms of sugar conversions. The highest conversions were obtained using 1.5% w/v of Novozyme 435 (N435, uncoated) as the biocatalyst for the synthesis of SFAEs. Coating the N435 with polyethyleneimine (PEI) prevented enzyme leakage into the reaction medium and produced 35% and 50% higher xylose and glucose conversions to SFAEs, respectively, at the same enzyme loading. After six 24 h reuse cycles with the PEI‐coated N435, xylose conversion decreased by 44%, while a 65% reduction in xylose conversion was observed with the uncoated lipase. Mass spectrometry analysis confirmed the production of xylose and glucose mono‐ and di‐esters. Our purified product presented an emulsion capacity (EC) close to that of a commercial sugar ester and the ECs of the xylose oleate, laurate, and palmitate synthesized in previous studies. © 2023 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.
Neutral complexing agents with a cyclitol core. Effect of the relative orientation of the sidearms and end groups on the cation binding ability of myo-inositol based podands (2001)

myo-Inositol derived podands were synthesized and the extent of their binding with picrates of alkali metals, ammonia and silver was estimated. These podands bind very well with lithium and silver picrates but show moderate to poor binding toward sodium, potassium, caesium and ammonium picrates. The ion selectivity and the strength of binding are dependent on the relative orientation of the sidearms (1,3-diaxial, 1,2-diequatorial and 1,2-axial–equatorial) as well as on the nature of the end group present in the podands.