gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Technology Developments in Radiation-Hardened Electronics for Space Environments (2008)

The Radiation Hardened Electronics for Space Environments (RHESE) project consists of a series of tasks designed to develop and mature a broad spectrum of radiation hardened and low temperature electronics technologies. Three approaches are being taken to address radiation hardening: improved material hardness, design techniques to improve radiation tolerance, and software methods to improve radiation tolerance. Within these approaches various technology products are being addressed including Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), Field Programmable Analog Arrays (FPAA), MEMS, Serial Processors, Reconfigurable Processors, and Parallel Processors. In addition to radiation hardening, low temperature extremes are addressed with a focus on material and design approaches. System level applications for the RHESE technology products are discussed.
Symptoms and health related quality of life in patients receiving matched therapy. (2017)

e21648 Background: Genomic sequencing is increasingly being used to select targeted agents that are matched to molecular alterations. Potential differences in symptom occurrence and severity as well as health related quality of life (HRQOL) between patients who receive matched therapy and those who do not receive matched therapy have not been previously explored. Methods: Existing data from the records of patients with breast or gynecologic cancer receiving outpatient care were used for this descriptive correlational research study. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to address the study aims. Symptom occurrence and severity and HRQOL were measured with the previously validated Therapy-Related Symptom Checklist (TRSC) and HRQOL – Linear Analogue Self Assessment (HRQOL-LASA) respectively. A higher total TRSC score indicated high symptom occurrence and severity; a higher total HRQOL-LASA score indicated a high quality of life. Results: Patients receiving matched therapy had lower mean TRSC scores ( M= 14.7, SD= 10.1) compared to patients receiving not matched therapy ( M= 16.1, SD= 11.6). Patients receiving matched therapy had higher mean HRQOL-LASA scores ( M= 48.1, SD = 7.5), compared to patients receiving not matched therapy ( M= 45.4, SD= 9.1). Mean ratings were higher for patients receiving matched therapy on each individual HRQOL domain. Therapy type (matched, not matched) was not significantly associated with TRSC scores (B = -3.0, p= 0.18) or HRQOL scores (B = 2.0, p= 0.18) after controlling for person and disease factors. Conclusions: On average, patients receiving matched therapy had lower symptom occurrence and severity scores and higher HRQOL scores when compared to patients who were not receiving matched therapy. Type of therapy (matched, not matched) was not significantly associated with symptom or HRQOL scores. Study findings provide initial data about the symptom experience and HRQOL and for patients receiving matched therapy.
Effect of magnetic fields on the specific heat of aYBa2Cu3O7−δsingle crystal nearTc (1988)

In a $c$-axis magnetic field, the specific-heat peak of a single crystal of $\mathrm{Y}{\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{7\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ broadens and decreases in amplitude with little shift in position. The difference between the zero-field specific heat and that measured in a field is found to satisfy a scaling relation which suggests critical, as opposed to Gaussian, fluctuations. This is interpreted in terms of the broadening of the critical regime by the magnetic field, and suggests either renormalization of the critical exponents by disorder or an order parameter with more than two components.
Meaning-based Search Tools: Find What I Mean, Not What I Say. (2000)

Une nouvelle generation d'outils a fait son apparition dans le domaine de la recherche d'information sur le Web. Ces outils font appel a des techniques linguistiques (traitements en langage naturel) qui permettent notamment de parer aux difficultes courantes de la recherche telles que l'ambiguite, l'imprecision, et autres problemes de formulation des requetes. Ces nouveaux outils developpent egalement l'aspect dialogue avec l'utilisateur, toujours dans le but d'affiner la recherche. L'auteur recense quelques-uns des services et systemes utilisant ces nouvelles fonctionnalites, qui sont certainement l'avenir de la recherche d'information.
Increasing mode instability thresholds of fiber amplifiers by gain saturation (2013)

We show by numerical modeling that saturation of the population inversion reduces the stimulated thermal Rayleigh gain relative to the laser gain in large mode area fiber amplifiers. We show how to exploit this effect to raise mode instability thresholds by a substantial factor. We also demonstrate that when suppression of stimulated Brillouin scattering and the population saturation effect are both taken into account, counter-pumped amplifiers have higher mode instability thresholds than co-pumped amplifiers for fully Yb3+ doped cores, and confined doping can further raise the thresholds.
ChemInform Abstract: Nitrogen Heterocycles from Furans: The Aza‐Achmatowicz Reaction (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Spectrum Enforcement and Liability Assignment in Cognitive Radio Systems (2008)

The advent of frequency-agile radios holds the potential for improving the utilization of spectrum by allowing wireless systems to dynamically adapt their spectral footprint based on the local conditions. Whether this is done using market mechanisms or opportunistic approaches, the gains result from shifting some responsibility for avoiding harmful interference from the static "regulatory layer" to layers that can adapt at runtime. However, this leaves open the major problem of how to enforce/incentivize compliance and what the structure of "light-handed" regulation should be. This paper examines this and focuses on two specific technical problems: (a) determining whether harmful interference is occurring and (b) assigning liability by detecting the culprits. "Light-handed regulation" is interpreted as making unambiguous (and easily certified) requirements on the behavior of individual devices themselves while still preserving significant freedom to innovate at both the device and the system level. The basic idea explored here is to require the PHY/MAC layers of a cognitive radio to guarantee silence during certain time- slots where the exact sequence of required silences is given by a device/system -specific code. Thus, if a system is a source of harmful interference, the interference pattern itself contains the signature of the culprit. Nevertheless, identifying the unique interference pattern becomes challenging as both the number of cognitive radios and the number of harmful interferers increases. The key tradeoffs are explored in terms of the "regulatory overhead" (amount of enforced silence) needed to make guarantees. The quality of regulatory guarantees is expressed by the time required to convict the guilty, the number of potential cognitive systems that can be supported, and the number of simultaneously guilty parties that can be resolved. We show that the time to conviction need only scale logarithmically in the potential number of cognitive users. The base of the logarithm is determined by the amount of overhead that we will tolerate and how many guilty parties we want to be able to resolve.
Online Learning with Abstention (2017)

We present an extensive study of the key problem of online learning where algorithms are allowed to abstain from making predictions. In the adversarial setting, we show how existing online algorithms and guarantees can be adapted to this problem. In the stochastic setting, we first point out a bias problem that limits the straightforward extension of algorithms such as UCB-N to time-varying feedback graphs, as needed in this context. Next, we give a new algorithm, UCB-GT, that exploits historical data and is adapted to time-varying feedback graphs. We show that this algorithm benefits from more favorable regret guarantees than a possible, but limited, extension of UCB-N. We further report the results of a series of experiments demonstrating that UCB-GT largely outperforms that extension of UCB-N, as well as more standard baselines.
The Use of H1 and H2 Histamine Antagonists with Morphine Anesthesia (1981)

High doses of morphine can produce significant cardiovascular effects generally attributed to histamine release. The authors examined the possibility that H1 and H2 histamine antagonists might prove beneficial in preventing these responses. In a randomized double-blind study, four groups of 10 patients each received 1 mg/kg morphine and either a placebo, diphenhydramine (H1), cimetidine (H2), or both of the histamine antagonists. The morphine-placebo group demonstrated a marked elevation in plasma histamine levels (880 +/- 163 to 7437 +/- 2684 pg/ml), a decrease in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) (15.5 to 9.0 l torr/(l . min-1) and diastolic BP (71 +/- 3 to 45 +/- 4 torr) and an increase in cardiac index (CI) (2.4 +/- 0.2 to 3.0 +/- 0.21 . min-1 . m-2). The administration of either cimetidine or diphenhydramine with morphine provided minimal protection. Those patients who received morphine and both antagonists demonstrated significant attenuation of these responses (CI 2.5 +/- 0.2 to 2.5 +/- 0.1 l . min-1 . m-2; SVR 17.4 to 14.6 torr/(l . min-1) although plasma histamine levels showed a comparable increase (1059 +/- 222 to 7653 +/- 4242 pg/ml). These data demonstrate directly that many of the hemodynamic effects of morphine can be attributed to histamine release. They further demonstrate that significant hemodynamic protection can be obtained by the use of histamine antagonists and the combination of H1 and H2 antagonists is superior to either given alone.
A New Approach to Remuneration of Ancillary Services Provided by Generation Agents in Brazil (2010)

The restructuring of electrical sector based on the market resulted in the separation of generation, transmission and distribution agents and in the operation costs discrimination. This process lead to the necessity to separate the different services provided by the agents with the objective of organize by function and to define methodologies to identify who offers and who uses these services, as well as methodologies of remuneration to same ones. In this way, the present work presenting studies and methodologies to remunerate some Ancillary Services, such as: Black-start, Active Power Reserve, Special Protection Systems and Reactive Power Support. The studies and methodologies proposed were accomplished starting from the Ancillary Services provided by large Brazilian generation agents.
Damage and Fracture Analysis of Brittle Structural Elements Reinforced with Carbon Fiber Sheets (2008)

A constitutive equation for elasto-plastic damageable solids is formulated by using Drucker-Prager's equivalent stress to analyze the damage failure behavior of concrete structural elements reinforced with carbon fiber sheets. The forumulated constitutive equation is implemented in the two-dimensional finite element program to simulate the experimental results. The constitutive equation is identified by using the uniaxial, compressive and tensile test results for concrete and carbon fiber sheets. The finite element analyses are carried out for real-scaled cantilever RC slabs with and without carbon fiber sheets. The calculated results are compared with the experimental results to illustrate the validity of the proposed method of analysis.
Candida albicans secreted aspartyl proteinases. (1996)

Evidence suggests that infections with the opportunistic yeast Candida albicans are caused by several factors. Among these virulence attributes, secreted aspartyl proteinases (Saps) are widely believed to play a role during pathogenesis. Sap isoenzymes are encoded by at least eight closely related SAP genes. Antigen-antibody studies provided evidence that Sap isoenzymes are expressed in vivo and experimental infections with proteinase deficient mutants suggested a role for Saps in the virulence of C. albicans. However, only one gene product, Sap2, has been characterized in detail. In vitro studies with purified Sap(2) suggested several possible host targets but the role of each Sap isoenzyme remains unclear. The expression pattern of SAP genes proposed that Sap isoenzymes are secreted simultaneously with morphological changes such as the yeast to hyphal transition or during phenotypic switching. In addition, extracellular proteolytic activity may affect adhesion to host cells and thus may help the fungus to persist on host surfaces and to penetrate into deeper tissue. This review will deal with secretory proteinases from C. albicans as putative virulence factors and will focus on the more recent molecular aspects of the proteinases and their genes. Insights into the genetic organization and regulation of the secreted proteinases suggest not only that these enzymes may act as virulence factors of C. albicans, but that the pathogenesis of this fungus is indeed complex and multifactorial.
Synthetic Biology Tools for Novel Secondary Metabolite Discovery in Streptomyces (2019)

<i>Streptomyces</i> are attractive microbial cell factories that have industrial capability to produce a wide array of bioactive secondary metabolites. However, the genetic potential of the <i>Streptomyces</i> species has not been fully utilized because most of their secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (SM-BGCs) are silent under laboratory culture conditions. In an effort to activate SM-BGCs encoded in <i>Streptomyces</i> genomes, synthetic biology has emerged as a robust strategy to understand, design, and engineer the biosynthetic capability of <i>Streptomyces</i> secondary metabolites. In this regard, diverse synthetic biology tools have been developed for <i>Streptomyces</i> species with technical advances in DNA synthesis, sequencing, and editing. Here, we review recent progress in the development of synthetic biology tools for the production of novel secondary metabolites in <i>Streptomyces</i>, including genomic elements and genome engineering tools for <i>Streptomyces</i>, the heterologous gene expression strategy of designed biosynthetic gene clusters in the <i>Streptomyces</i> chassis strain, and future directions to expand diversity of novel secondary metabolites.
A Study for License Distribution Mechanism using Accumulated Device Identifier in DRM system (2007)

Superdistribution is required in many DRM systems that require rapid and smooth distribution. However, current superdistribution mechanisms do not appear to support certain user needs for contents use. In this paper, we enhance superdistribution to endow it with contents flexibly, and propose a license distribution mechanism to distribute contents securely in the superdistribution. The contents encryption key is encrypted using device identifier of consumer who is superdistributed lastly. The encrypted key is connected to some accumulated device identifiers of consumers. These perform superdistribution in the proposed method. In evaluation, we compared the proposed method with that of the existing DRM systems, and believe to have demonstrated that the proposed method results in increase flexibility for contents use.
Complete subtalar release in clubfeet. (1991)

Complete subtalar release was performed in 18 children with 22 clubfeet between 1987 and 1989. The ages of the patients ranged from 3.5 months to 8.5 years. The patients were evaluated at 9 to 30 months (average 19 months). Twenty procedures were performed through the Cincinnati incision, and the remaining two through two separate posteromedial and posterolateral incisions. At 6 weeks, the pins were removed and cast immobilization was discontinued at 3 to 3.5 months. Complications were superficial necrosis in three feet, and extensive posteromedial skin necrosis in one foot. No recurrences were encountered. Overall results were very good in 18, and good in four feet.
Generation of chromosomal deletions in dicotyledonous plants employing a user‐friendly genome editing toolkit (2016)

Genome editing facilitated by Cas9-based RNA-guided nucleases (RGNs) is becoming an increasingly important and popular technique for reverse genetics in both model and non-model species. So far, RGNs were mainly applied for the induction of point mutations, and one major challenge consists in the detection of genome-edited individuals from a mutagenized population. Also, point mutations are not appropriate for functional dissection of non-coding DNA. Here, the multiplexing capacity of a newly developed genome editing toolkit was exploited for the induction of inheritable chromosomal deletions at six different loci in Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis. In both species, the preferential formation of small deletions was observed, suggesting reduced efficiency with increasing deletion size. Importantly, small deletions (<100 bp) were detected at high frequencies in N. benthamiana T<sub>0</sub> and Arabidopsis T<sub>2</sub> populations. Thus, targeting of small deletions by paired nucleases represents a simple approach for the generation of mutant alleles segregating as size polymorphisms in subsequent generations. Phenotypically selected deletions of up to 120 kb occurred at low frequencies in Arabidopsis, suggesting larger population sizes for the discovery of valuable alleles from addressing gene clusters or non-coding DNA for deletion by programmable nucleases.
Retrograde Wiring of Collateral Channels of the Heart in Chronic Total Occlusions (2015)

Successful retrograde wiring of collateral channels in selected patients undertaken by "CTO dedicated" operators can significantly enhance the chances of revascularization of complex CTOs with a low risk of acute serious complications. Septal perforator channels are significantly more likely to be successfully retrogradely wired compared to epicardial vessels when either is selected, by reference to their anatomical suitability by the operator, as a route of access.
Brillouin microscopy to quantify biomechanical properties of mouse retinas (2021)

Retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma are leading cause of blindness in the world. Assessing biomechanical properties of retina is very crucial since it is constantly under stress due to the vitreous humor and eye movements. Characterizing biomechanical properties of retina noninvasively is a challenge due to its location inside the eye-globe, fragility, and thin geometry. Brillouin microscopy is a noninvasive, all optical imaging technique to qualitatively map the biomechanical properties of tissues. In this work, we mapped the layer by layer distribution of biomechanical properties of retinas using Brillouin microscopy. We found that the nuclear layer was stiffer compared to other layers. Furthermore, we observed fixing the retinas with paraformaldehyde increased the retinal stiffness compared to the fresh retinas.
Focal appendicitis confined to the tip: diagnosis at US. (1996)

Although US appears to be fairly accurate in the diagnosis of focal appendicitis confined to the tip, the entire length of the appendix should be evaluated in order to avoid a false-negative diagnosis.
Implementing Neural Network Models on Parallel Computers (1987)

The remarkable processing capabilities of the nervous system must derive from the large numbers of neurons participating (roughly 1010), since the time-scales involved are of the order of a millisecond, rather than the nanoseconds of modern computers. The neural network models which attempt to capture this behaviour are inherently parallel.
Morphological Age-Depended Development of the Human Carotid Bifurcation (2000)

Abstract The development, significance and function of the human carotid sinus are not clearly understood. The arterial wall of carotid sinus is densely enervated and it contains baroreceptive neural terminals. It has been hypothesized that the dilation, which may involve all vessels of the carotid bifurcation, serves to support pressure sensing. Another hypothesis based on phenomenological observations presumes that the function of the sinus is to slow the blood flow and reduce the pulsatility in order to protect the brain (1). Yet another postulate states that the sinus is an ontogenetic or phylogenic residual. More recently, in vitro and computational models have been used to investigate carotid hemodynamics. Complex flow patterns have been found in the carotid sinus. These patterns have been implicated in the carotid bulb heterogeneity and subsequent development of atherosclerosis at this site. However, long term development of this unique sinus morphology has not been investigated. It is of both fundamental and clinical interest to form an understanding of the hemodynamics and developmental forces that play a role in remodeling of the carotid bifurcation and maturation of the sinus. This understanding can lead to better prognostication and therapy of carotid disease. Therefore, a study of the morphological development of the human carotid bulb was initiated. Carotid bulbs from various human developmental stages were evaluated to test the hypothesis that morphology of the sinus reflects an acclimated change in response to alterations in cerebral blood supply with aging. This acclimation attempts to diminish hydraulic losses in the carotid bifurcation through reduced flow disturbances. Under basal conditions, a high level of blood supply to the brain is maintained that consumes about 15% of cardiac output. Furthermore, it may protect the brain from highly pulsatile blood flow conditions and/or the sinus wall from high shear stress. Initially, we analyzed the sinus morphology and the angle of the carotid bifurcation in four human developmental stages, namely newborn, pediatric, adolescent and adult patients (Groups I, II, III, and IV, respectively). The analysis was performed using biplane digital subtraction angiograms to characterize changes that occur as the brain matures.
Using sigcomp to compress SIP/SDP messages (2005)

SIP and SDP are used in 3G cellular IP multimedia subsystems (IMS) to perform multimedia session setup and maintenance. However, both protocols are text-based and have large messages with sizes frequently exceeding several hundred bytes. SigComp can be used to compress these messages and greatly reduce the call setup and feature invocation delays. In this paper, the potential gain of using SigComp to compress SIP/SDP is demonstrated through performance results. Our results show that dictionary-based compression algorithms are best suited for SigComp. Static and user-defined dictionaries are very important for reducing the first several messages in a SIP dialog while extended operations such as dynamic and shared compression can significantly improve the overall compression efficiency. On average, the message sizes can be reduced by as much as 88% with negligible compression/decompression time.