gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Preclinical Evaluation of Recombinant PEG-IL-2 in Human (1993)

High dose interleukin-2 alone or in combination with lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells has demonstrated antitumor activity in a variety of malignant diseases. The currently formulated recombinant human interleukin-2 (IL-2) has limited solubility and short circulatory half life resulting in limited bioavailability. To improve the bioavailability of IL-2 the protein was covalently bound to activated Polyethylenglycol (PEG). We designed a phase I/II trial to evaluate the bioactivity of PEG-IL-2 in man, given as intravenous (iv) bolus injection every two weeks, and to determine safety, efficacy, and the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) in patients with advanced malignancies. Assessment of cytokine levels, phenotypic analyses and differential blood counts were performed to investigate the effects of PEG-IL-2 in-vivo. To compare in-vitro PEG-IL-2 activity to activities of IL-2 we evaluated proliferation, cytotolytic activity, morphology, and phenotype of cytokine activated lymphocytes. Among seven patients treated with PEG-IL-2, there was no objective remission, three patients exhibited stabilisation of disease. Four patients presented with further disease progression. Treatment-related toxicity was mild to moderate (mainly WHO grades I and II) in patients receiving dose levels up to 10 x 10(6) IU/m2 (maximum tolerated single dose in the outpatient setting). No toxic deaths occurred. In comparison to IL-2, the pharmacokinetic profile of PEG-IL-2 exhibited increased plasma levels and a decreased clearance (alpha and beta half-life estimates of 4 and 14 hours, respectively). The analysis of a variety of immunologic parameters demonstrated that PEG-IL-2 has significant biologic activity both in vitro, and in man.
Industrial Method of Preparing a Resin Antivibration Lubricant (1970)

Abstract : Antivibration lubricants for coating drilling tubes in diamond drilling were prepared by dissolving Nigrol (transmission tractor oil) in molten bitumen at 260-70 degrees and adding pulverized pine resin and ceresin to the resultant mixture at the same temperature in a reactor equipped with a stirrer and a jacket for circulation of heating and cooling fluids. They were not emulsified by water and provided a protective coating lasting 3-4 days when 0.34-0.35 kg. lubricant/m. was used in a tube of 50 mm diam. (Author)
Cardiac Vasculature: Development and Pathology (2011)

Coronary vessels are of particular clinical interest to the general public and adult cardiologists because of their propensity in populations of developed countries to get clogged leading to chest pain (angina) and heart attacks (myocardial infarctions; MIs). Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading type of heart disease and the leading cause of deaths in the USA in both men and women (representing 51% of all cardiovascular diseases in 2006; American Heart Association Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics 2010 Update-at-a-glance; http://www.americanheart.org/downloadable/heart/1265665152970DS3241%20HeartStrokeUpdate_2010.pdf; http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/coronaryartery disease.html). While the developmental biology of cardiac vessels seems removed from this concern for the adult population, findings from this field may be beneficial and relevant for all age groups. Interest in the development of coronary vessels has increased due to findings that suggest the embryonic epicardium provides components of the coronary vessels and factors that positively influence the myocardium. The possibility has been raised that the epicardium might be sufficiently activated to repair cardiac tissue in the adult in part by promoting coronary vascularization. The aim of this Chapter is to call attention to questions regarding coronary vessels that still require answers and to introduce hypotheses that may lead to answers and strategies for cardiotherapy.
Mixing induced thixotropy of a two-component system of alkylurea organogelators having different alkyl chains (2013)

Mixing induced thixotropy was demonstrated on a two-component system of alkylurea with different alkyl chains known as low-molecular-weight organogelators. Individually, the component gels did not show thixotropic behavior. The improved network structure obtained by mixing might enable enhanced toughness and stimulus-responsiveness of mixed gels.
Structural determinants of antiproliferative activity of heparin on pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (2000)

In addition to its anticoagulant properties, heparin (HP), a complex polysaccharide covalently linked to a protein core, inhibits proliferation of several cell types including pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Commercial lots of HP exhibit varying degrees of antiproliferative activity on PASMCs that may due to structural differences in the lots. Fractionation of a potent antiproliferative HP preparation into high and low molecular weight components does not alter the antiproliferative effect on PASMCs, suggesting that the size of HP is not the major determinant of this biological activity. The protein core of HP obtained by cleaving the carbohydrate-protein linkage has no growth inhibition on PASMCs, demonstrating that the antiproliferative activity resides in the glycosaminoglycan component. Basic sugar residues of glucosamine can be replaced with another basic sugar, i.e., galactosamine, without affecting growth inhibition of PASMCs. N-sulfonate groups on these sugar residues of HP are not essential for growth inhibition. However, O-sulfonate groups on both sugar residues are essential for the antiproliferative activity on PASMCs. In whole HP, in contrast to an earlier finding based on a synthetic pentasaccharide of HP, 3-O-sulfonation is not critical for the antiproliferative activity against PASMCs. The amounts and distribution of sulfonate groups on both sugar residues of the glycosaminoglycan chain are the major determinant of antiproliferative activity.
Biodegradability Nature of Polybenzimidazole Analogs by Modulating Two Histidine Degradation Enzymes (Urocanase and Formiminoglutamase): in silico Approach (2018)

Biodegradation pathway of substituted imidazole compounds has been reported to have close analogue to histidine degradation pathway. The present study carried out on four different types of polybenzimidazole (PBI) analogs such as m-PBI (where n = 1, 2 and 3), p-PBI (where n = 1, 2 and 3), pyridine-m-PBI (where n = 1, 2 and 3) and alkylated-m-PBI (where n = 1, 2 and 3). These polybenzimidazole analogs were evaluated on the docking behaviour of urocanase and formiminoglutamase (FIGase) using PatchDock. Besides, molecular physico-chemical, drug-likeness, ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion analyses) were studied. ADME analysis showed that m-PBI (where n = 1) and pyridine-m-PBI (where n = 1) predicated to have cytochrome P450 (CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4) inhibition effect. Docking studies revealed that alkylated-m-PBI (where n = 2) showed the least atomic contact energy (-123.83 kcal/mol) with that of urocanase. Similarly, m-PBI (where n = 1) showed the least ACE (-123.83 kcal/mol) with that of formiminoglutamase.
Comparison of the illumi gene Mycoplasma DNA Amplification Assay and Culture for Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (2014)

A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) system, the illumigene Mycoplasma DNA amplification assay (Meridian Bioscience, Inc., Cincinnati, OH) was evaluated to determine its analytical sensitivity, specificity, and clinical application in comparison to historic culture in a collection of archived respiratory specimens. The illumigene limit of detection was ≤88 CFU/reaction for 10 Mycoplasma pneumoniae reference strains. This assay correctly identified 36 M. pneumoniae reference strains and clinical isolates from various geographic origins, including both of the main subtypes. No cross-reactions were detected with other mycoplasmas, ureaplasmas, other bacterial species, viruses, yeasts, or human DNA. Among 214 respiratory specimens previously cultured for M. pneumoniae, when real-time PCR with bidirectional sequencing of the PCR products was used to resolve discrepancies, the sensitivity was 22 of 22 (100%) and the specificity was 190 of 192 (99%). This commercial LAMP assay is a useful rapid method for detecting M. pneumoniae in clinical specimens. Additional prospective clinical trials with direct comparison to culture and PCR are warranted.
Hydrogen sulfide protects cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis by preventing GSK-3β-dependent opening of mPTP (2010)

Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is an endogenously generated gaseous transmitter, which has recently been suggested to regulate cardiovascular functions. The present study aims to clarify the mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effects of H(2)S. Signaling elements were examined in cardiomyocytes cultured under hypoxia/reoxygenation conditions and in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion. In cultured cardiomyocytes, sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS; 10, 30, and 50 mumol/l) showed concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation. These effects were associated with an increase in phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) (Ser9) and a decrease in Bax translocation, caspase-3 activation, and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. Transfection of a phosphorylation-resistant mutant of GSK-3beta at Ser9 attenuated the effects of NaHS in reducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis, Bax translocation, caspase-3 activation, and mPTP opening. In a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion, NaHS administration reduced myocardial infarct size and increased the phosphorylation of GSK-3beta (Ser9) at a dose of 30 mumol/kg. In conclusion, the H(2)S donor prevents cardiomyocyte apoptosis by inducing phosphorylation of GSK-3beta (Ser9) and subsequent inhibition of mPTP opening.
Integrated Computational Pipeline for Single-Cell Genomic Profiling (2020)

The pipeline is available as open-source software for Linux and OS X. Its modular structure, extensive documentation, and ease of deployment using Anaconda facilitate its adoption by researchers and practitioners of single-cell genomics. With open-source availability and Massachusetts Institute of Technology licensing, it provides a basis for additional development by the cancer bioinformatics community.
Determination of Variable Stiffness of a Human Elbow for Human-Robot Interaction (2014)

This paper aims to emulate human motion with a robot for the purpose of improving human-robot interaction (HRI). In order to engineer a robot that demonstrates functionally similar motion to humans, aspects of human motion such as variable stiffness must be captured. This paper successfully determined the variable stiffness humans use in the context of a 1 DOF disturbance rejection task by optimizing a time-varying stiffness parameter to experimental data in the context of a neuro-motor Simulink model. The significant improved agreement between the model and the experimental data in the disturbance rejection task after the addition of variable stiffness demonstrates how important variable stiffness is to creating a model of human motion. To enable a robot to emulate this motion, a predictive stiffness model was developed that attempts to reproduce the stiffness that a human would use in a given situation. The predictive stiffness model successfully decreases the error between the neuro-motor model and the experimental data when compared to the neuro-motor model with a constant stiffness value.
Gestione della rete idrologica e conservazione della biodiversità vegetale in un territorio di bonifica (bonifica Burana, Emilia orientale). (2011)

Lo sviluppo agricolo e industriale della pianura emiliana ha significato la scomparsa di ampie aree palustri e forestali, portando a un paesaggio composto di pochi lembi superstiti a maggior naturalità in una matrice altamente antropizzata. Molte piante ad ampia distribuzione, un tempo comuni, sono oggi scomparse o confinate in piccole zone isolate, o in aree di rifugio originate dalla stessa attività umana, come i canali di bonifica che, sottoposti a regolare manutenzione, svolgono un ruolo notevole per la conservazione biologica.Il Consorzio della Bonifica Burana, ricadente nel bacino idrografico del fiume Panaro, gestisce la difesa idraulica e la distribuzione della risorsa idrica nel territorio qui considerato. Il progetto in corso si propone di individuare metodi di gestione di questi canali in grado di assicurarne prioritariamente l‘efficienza ma anche la tutela delle specie che ivi si rifugiano. In un territorio a bassa naturalità come la pianura emiliana, a fronte di alcune centinaia di specie vegetali a rischio di estinzione, il progetto rappresenta un‘occasione per valorizzare gli aspetti di naturalità della rete idrologica consortile e la sua funzione di collegamento di nodi ecologici attualmente presenti. Il progetto intende affermare la necessità di promuovere azioni condivise per la conservazione biologica fra Istituzioni scientifiche ed Enti di gestione del territorio.
Polymer Coated CaAl-Layered Double Hydroxide Nanomaterials for Potential Calcium Supplement (2014)

We have successfully prepared layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanomaterials containing calcium and aluminum ions in the framework (CaAl-LDH). The surface of CaAl-LDH was coated with enteric polymer, Eudragit®L 100 in order to protect nanomaterials from fast dissolution under gastric condition of pH 1.2. The X-ray diffraction patterns, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the pristine LDH was well prepared having hydrocalumite structure, and that the polymer effectively coated the surface of LDH without disturbing structure. From thermal analysis, it was determined that only a small amount (less than 1%) of polymer was coated on the LDH surface. Metal dissolution from LDH nanomaterials was significantly reduced upon Eudragit®L 100 coating at pH 1.2, 6.8 and 7.4, which simulates gastric, enteric and plasma conditions, respectively, and the dissolution effect was the most suppressed at pH 1.2. The LDH nanomaterials did not exhibit any significant cytotoxicity up to 1000 μg/mL and intracellular calcium concentration significantly increased in LDH-treated human intestinal cells. Pharmacokinetic study demonstrated absorption efficiency of Eudragit®L 100 coated LDH following oral administration to rats. Moreover, the LDH nanomaterials did not cause acute toxic effect in vivo. All the results suggest the great potential of CaAl-LDH nanomaterials as a calcium supplement.
ARID1A Alterations Are Associated with FGFR3-Wild Type, Poor-Prognosis, Urothelial Bladder Tumors (2013)

Urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) is heterogeneous at the clinical, pathological, genetic, and epigenetic levels. Exome sequencing has identified ARID1A as a novel tumor suppressor gene coding for a chromatin remodeling protein that is mutated in UBC. Here, we assess ARID1A alterations in two series of patients with UBC. In the first tumor series, we analyze exons 2-20 in 52 primary UBC and find that all mutant tumors belong to the aggressive UBC phenotype (high grade non-muscle invasive and muscle invasive tumors) (P = 0.05). In a second series (n = 84), we assess ARID1A expression using immunohistochemistry, a surrogate for mutation analysis, and find that loss of expression increases with higher stage/grade, it is inversely associated with FGFR3 overexpression (P = 0.03) but it is not correlated with p53 overexpression (P = 0.30). We also analyzed the expression of cytokeratins in the same set of tumor and find, using unsupervised clustering, that tumors with ARID1A loss of expression are generally KRT5/6-low. In this patient series, loss of ARID1A expression is also associated with worse prognosis, likely reflecting the higher prevalence of losses found in tumors of higher stage and grade. The independent findings in these two sets of patients strongly support the notion that ARID1A inactivation is a key player in bladder carcinogenesis occurring predominantly in FGFR3 wild type tumors.
The effects of spontaneous obesity on insulin binding, glucose transport, and glucose oxidation of isolated rat adipocytes. (1976)

(a) insulin-mediated glucose oxidation is markedly decreased in large adipocytes from older, fatter rats, and since this decrease cannot be corrected by maximally effective insulin levels, the defect is probably distal to the insulin receptor; (b) the glucose transport system is basically normal in large adipocytes; (c) insulin binding to receptors is decreased in large cells and the functional sequelae of this decrease in insulin binding i.e., a rightward shift in the insulin dose-response curve for 2-deoxy glucose uptake, was observed, and (d) since the decreased rates of insulin-mediated glucose oxidation can not be attributed to changes in insulin receptors or to changes in glucose transport, an intracellular defect in glucose metabolism is suggested.
Measurement of a Gaussian laser beam diameter through the direct inversion of knife-edge data (1983)

An inversion algorithm, involving a linear least-squares method, is developed to analyze the intensity data obtained by application of the traveling knife-edge method. Through use of simulated intensity data, diameters can be measured to an accuracy of 0.05%. The method also yields good results when it is applied to He–Ne laser beam data.
A General Approach to Medium Ring Alkynes by Using Metathesis of Cobalt Hexacarbonyl Containing Dienes. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Fine-grained device management in an interactive media server (2003)

The use of interactive media has already gained considerable popularity. Interactivity gives viewers VCR controls like slow-motion, pause, fast-forward, and instant replay. However, traditional server-based or client-based approaches for supporting interactivity either consume too much network bandwidth or require large client buffering; and hence they are economically unattractive. We propose the architecture and design of an interactive media proxy (IMP) server that transforms noninteractive broadcast or multicast streams into interactive ones for servicing a large number of end users. For IMP to work cost-effectively, it must carefully manage its storage devices, which are needed for caching voluminous media data. In this regard, we propose a fine-grained device management strategy consisting of three complementary components: disk profiler, data placement, and IO scheduler. Through quantitative analysis and experiments, we show that these fine-grained strategies considerably improve device throughput under various workload scenarios.
The therapeutic effect of goreisan to oligohydramnios — Gorei-San increase the single deepest pocket in oligohydramnios — (2016)

Aim: Oligohydramnios contributes to a negative fetal prognosis. Management of oligohydramnios in obstetric clinical practice is important. We assessed the clinical efficacy of Gorei-San for the treatment of oligohydramnios.
Nonintrusive phase stabilization of sub-two-cycle pulses from a prismless octave-spanning Ti:sapphire laser (2008)

Carrier-envelope (CE) phase-stabilized sub-two-cycle pulses are generated from a 500 MHz compact prismless octave-spanning laser without extracavity nonlinear optical processes distorting the laser output. The necessary f and 2f spectral components are generated intracavity and coupled out independently from the main pulse through specially designed cavity mirrors, resulting in a 55 dB CE beat note (100 kHz resolution bandwidth). The in-loop CE phase error (integrated from 2.5 mHz to 10 MHz) is 67 mrad, equivalent to a timing jitter between carrier and envelope of 28 as at 790 nm.
A Model for Worldwide Tracking of Distributed Objects (1996)

We describe a service for locating distributed objects identified by location-independent object identifiers. An object in our model is physically distributed, with multiple active copies on different machines. Processes must bind to an object in order to invoke its methods. Part of the binding protocol is concerned with contacting the object, which offers one or more contact points. A contact point is associated with an active part of the distributed object, and describes exactly how and where initial communication should take place. An object can change its contact points in the course of time, thus exhibiting migration behavior. Finding an object’s contact points is the essence of our location service. Our model is based on a worldwide distributed search tree, capable of handling trillions of distributed objects. The tree adapts dynamically to individual migration patterns. By exploiting an object’s relative stability with respect to a region, combined with the use of pointer caches, an object can be contacted through a search path of only length two. We present the architecture of our location service, including its update and lookup mechanism, and discuss its scalability. 1
UTRAN LTE Downlink System Performance under Realistic Control Channel Constraints (2009)

In the UTRAN long term evolution (LTE), the downlink data channel is shared among the active users through the orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technique, and high gains can be achieved by using dynamic packet scheduling. Control channels introduce an additional overhead, but also play a key role in exploiting such gains. This paper focuses on the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and introduces the main PDCCH related features which need to be analyzed in order to minimize its impact on the system performance.
The translational termination signal database (1993)

The Translational Termination Database (TransTerm) consists of the immediate context sequences around the natural termination codons from 45 organisms, and summary tables. The influence of termination codon context on their effectivness as stop signals has been widely documented. The SPECIES--TRI.DAT table shows trinucleotide stop codon usage in each organism and for comparison the occurrence of these sequences in the noncoding region. The SPECIES--TETRA.DAT table contains is a similar table of tetranucleotide stop signal usage. The database is available from EMBL.
Heterotypic protection induced by synthetic peptides corresponding to three serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus (1990)

Synthetic peptide vaccines of the general sequence Cys-Cys(200-213)-Pro-Pro-Ser-(141-158)-Pro-Cys-Gly, where the numbered residues refer to VP1 sequences of three different strains of foot-and-mouth disease virus, have been evaluated in cattle and guinea pigs. High levels of serotype-specific (homotypic) antiviral and antipeptide antibody were produced with each peptide. The A- and O-serotype peptides provided complete protection of guinea pigs against their respective virus challenges. The C-serotype peptide appeared to be less effective than the other peptides. In cross-protection studies (heterotypic) in guinea pigs, it was possible to protect A-serotype peptide-vaccinated animals against O-virus challenge and vice versa. Some heterotypic protection was also achieved with the C-serotype peptide. The heterotypic protection observed related more to the presence of cross-reactive antipeptide antibody than to neutralizing antibody.