gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Formation of CdMoO4 porous hollow nanospheres via a self-assembly accompanied with Ostwald ripening process and their photocatalytic performance (2013)

A simple direct precipitation process in an aqueous solution at room temperature has been developed for the synthesis of monodispersed CdMoO4 porous hollow nanospheres (PHNs). The obtained CdMoO4 PHNs have an average diameter of ∼500 nm and the shell is constructed from nanoparticles with an average diameter of ∼40 nm. The effects of the concentrations of the reaction reagents, pH value and reaction duration have been systematically studied. The formation mechanism of the CdMoO4 PHNs is related to a self-assembly process accompanied with an Ostwald ripening process, during which the CdMoO4 solid nanospheres are first formed through the self-assembly of CdMoO4 nanoparticles and then gradually developed into porous nanospheres with hollow interiors by an Ostwald ripening process. An optical adsorption investigation shows that the CdMoO4 PHNs exhibit a strong absorption peak in the wavelength of 230–365 nm, centered at 256 nm. The photocatalytic activities of the CdMoO4 samples for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under UV light were studied. The CdMoO4 PHNs calcined at 300 °C for 2 h exhibit excellent photocatalytic efficiency for the degradation of RhB under UV light, which is up to 97% within 40 minutes. The high photocatalytic performance of the CdMoO4 PHNs is associated with the well-crystallized structure and plenty of nanopores which exist in the spheres, serving as transport paths for small molecules.
Polypeptides induced in chick embryo cells by Kemerovo virus. (1990)

Fifteen polypeptides induced by Kemerovo virus were detected in chick embryo cells (Mr 140, 98, 89, 72, 65, 62, 57, 54, 50, 47, 43, 41, 39, 31 kD, and 30 kD). Nine of them, namely the 140, 98, 65, 62, 57, 54, 50, 47 kD, and 41 kD polypeptides were also found in the partially purified virus. However, the latter contained also considerable amount of host cell proteins, predominantly the 205 kD, 45 kD, and 37 kD polypeptides. In the electron microscope the spherical viral particles exhibited a poorly defined surface structure of a diameter of 70-75 nm.
Identification of conductive leakage signal in power cable based on multi-classification PSO-SVM (2017)

In order to effectively identify and extract the red signal from the leakage signal in the computer's power line, a method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed to optimize the multi classification support vector machine (SVM). Firstly, the conductive leakage signal is filtered. Then the SVM penalty parameter and kernel parameter are optimized by PSO, the conduction leakage signal is trained and classified. Finally, the classification performance of the un-optimized SVM is compared with PSO-SVM. The result shows that this method has higher classification rate than the grid search method. The classification and recognition rate reaches 87.23%.
Creditor Rights, Enforcement, and Bank Loans (2009)

Frequency: Yearly ISSN: 0015-198X eISSN: 1938-3312 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0015198X.2021.1947024 The Financial Analysts Journal has a history of publishing academic and practitioner articles on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues; many appeared decades before the terminology became common. In celebration of the 75th anniversary, the author provides brief reviews of these articles, including reflections on how the insights brought out in this collective body of work remain important today for investors’ decisions.
In vitro expansion of hematopoietic progenitor cells induces functional expression of Fas antigen (CD95) (1996)

Fas antigen (Fas Ag; CD95) is a cell surface molecule that can mediate apoptosis. Bcl-2 is a cytoplasmic molecule that prolongs cellular survival by inhibiting apoptosis. To investigate the role of both molecules in hematopoiesis, we evaluated the expression of Fas Ag and Bcl-2 on CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells expanded in vitro. CD34+ cells isolated from bone marrow were cultured in iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, 1% bovine serum albumin, 50 ng/mL stem cell factor, 50 ng/mL interleukin-3 (IL-3), 50 ng/mL IL-6, 100 ng/mL granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and 3 U/mL erythropoietin for 7 days. Colony-forming unit of granulocytes/macrophages (CFU-GM) and burst-forming unit of erythroids (BFU-E) were expanded 6.9-fold and 8.8-fold in number at day 5 of culture, respectively. Freshly isolated CD34+ cells did not express Fas Ag, whereas approximately half of them expressed Bcl-2. CD34+ cells cultured with hematopoietic growth factors gradually became positive for Fas Ag and rapidly lost Bcl-2 expression. Furthermore, apoptosis was induced in the cultured CD34+ population when anti-Fan antibody (IgM; 1 microgram/mL) was added, as shown by significant decrease in the number of viable cells, morphologic changes, induction of DNA fragmentation, and significant decrease in the number of clonogenic progenitor cells including CFU. GM and BFU-E. These results indicate that functional expression of Fas Ag is induced on CD34+ cells expanded in vitro in the presence of hematopoietic growth factors. Induction of Fas Ag and downregulation of Bcl-2 may be expressed as part of the differentiation program of hematopoietic cells and may be involved in the regulation of hematopoiesis.
A Feature-based Approach to Fast H.264 Intra/Inter Mode Decision (2005)

A feature-based fast intra/inter mode decision method is proposed to reduce the encoder complexity of the H.264 video coding standard in this work. The main idea is to decide the mode using the expected risk of choosing the wrong mode in a multidimensional feature space. The proposed algorithm calculates three features and maps them into the one of three regions; namely, risk-free, risk-tolerable, and risk-intolerable regions. Depending on the mapped region, we can apply algorithms of different complexities for the final mode decision. It is demonstrated by experimental results that the proposed algorithm can save approximately 20-32% of the total encoding time of H.264 (JM7.3a) with little degradation in the rate-distortion performance.
Characteristics of Cr Schottky amorphous silicon photodiodes and their application to linear image sensors (1990)

Cr Schottky amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) photodiodes with a configuration of Cr/a-Si:H tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), where Cr is negatively biased with respect to ITO in contrast to the conventional bias direction, were characterized to provide simple and stable sensor elements for economical linear image sensors. It was found that the barrier height of the Cr/a-Si:H junction is sufficiently high (0.89 eV) to prevent electron injection and that the junction is thermally stable. The transport properties of holes propagating in the a-Si:H layer were largely improved by a few parts per million boron doping, and as a result saturation of the photocurrent was achieved. A contact-type ISO A4, 8-dot/mm linear range sensor was fabricated using the Cr Schottky photodiode array. The sensor showed excellent characteristics for use in G3 facsimile.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Automated Selection of Optimal Model Transformation Chains via Shortest-Path Algorithms (2018)

Conventional wisdom on model transformations in Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) suggests that they are crucial components in modeling environments to achieve superior automation, whether it be refactoring, simulation, or code generation. While their relevance is well-accepted, model transformations are challenging to design, implement, and verify because of the inherent complexity that they must encode. Thus, defining transformations by chaining existing ones is key to success for enhancing their reusability. This paper proposes an approach, based on well-established algorithms, to support modellers when multiple transformation chains are available to bridge a source metamodel with a target one. The all-important goal of selecting the optimal chain has been based on the quality criteria of coverage and information loss. The feasibility of the approach has been demonstrated by means of experiments operated on chains obtained from transformations borrowed from a publicly available repository.
Metal cluster-deposited graphene as an adsorptive material for m-xylene (2015)

<italic>m</italic>-Xylene weakly adsorbs on graphene and silver cluster doped graphene, but it has excellent interaction with platinum cluster doped graphene.
Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma metabolomics of acute endurance exercise (2022)

Metabolomics has emerged as a powerful new tool in precision medicine. No studies have yet been published on the metabolomic changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) produced by acute endurance exercise. CSF and plasma were collected from 19 young active adults (13 males and 6 females) before and 60 min after a 90-min monitored outdoor run. The median age, BMI, and VO<sub>2</sub> max of subjects was 25 years (IQR 22-31), 23.2 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (IQR 21.7-24.5), and 47 ml/kg/min (IQR 38-51), respectively. Targeted, broad-spectrum metabolomics was performed by liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In the CSF, purines and pyrimidines accounted for 32% of the metabolic impact after acute endurance exercise. Branch chain amino acids, amino acid neurotransmitters, fatty acid oxidation, phospholipids, and Krebs cycle metabolites traceable to mitochondrial function accounted for another 52% of the changes. A narrow but important channel of metabolic communication was identified between the brain and body by correlation network analysis. By comparing these results to previous work in experimental animal models, we found that over 80% of the changes in the CSF correlated with a cascade of mitochondrial and metabolic changes produced by ATP signaling. ATP is released as a co-neurotransmitter and neuromodulator at every synapse studied to date. By regulating brain mitochondrial function, ATP release was identified as an early step in the kinetic cascade of layered benefits produced by endurance exercise.
Safety and Efficacy of Bilateral Submental Cryolipolysis With Quantified 3-Dimensional Imaging of Fat Reduction and Skin Tightening (2017)

4.
Experimental Study of Radio Frequency Transmission over Standard and High-Bandwidth Multimode Optical Fibers (2005)

We experimentally study radio frequency (RF) transmission over several standard (core diameter 62.5 gm) and high-bandwidth (core diameter 50 μm) multimode fibers (MMFs) with a wide range of bandwidths (170 MHz·km to 2600 MHz·km). Performance of the radio-over-fiber (RoF) link is assessed in terms of the error vector magnitude (EVM). An IEEE 802.11b/gwirless access point and a MMF link using a directly-modulated 850 nm vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) are implemented for demonstrating a robust system performance (EVM <4.4 %rms maximum) over 300 m (maximum in-building distance) for any of the 21 fibers investigated.
Passive Standoff Super Resolution Imaging using Spatial-Spectral Multiplexing (2017)

Abstract : A summary of a new high-speed method of acquiring longitudinal spatial coherence functions is described within the context of imaging. The technique modulates incident spatial information onto spectral carrier frequencies, which can then be de-modulated in both amplitude and phase. An analysis of the technique's spatial and spectral resolution limits is also provided.
The clinical and pathological analysis of 16 cases with renal hamartoma (2000)

To analyse the clinical and patholgical characteristics of 16 patients who suffered from renal hamartoma.Methods:All surgical samples were fixed by 10% formaldehyde and the paraffin sections were viewed under microscope after HE staining.The clinical and histopathological features and prognosis were studied.Results:Hamartoma of the kidney is composed of blood vessel,smooth muscle,fat and fibrous tissues.The smooth muscle is fully differentiated and fasciculated around the blood vessel.The fat tissue is composed of adult fat cells.Among 12 cases being followed up,9 were alive,6 survived 5 years and 1 survived 23 years.Conclusion:Hamartoma of the kidney is a non metastatic benign tumor having good prognosis after operation.
Construction of Size-Controllable Hierarchical Nanoporous TiO2 Ring Arrays and Their Modifications (2006)

TiO2 hierarchical nanoporous ring arrays are constructed on a solid surface by an annealed template-induced sol-soaking strategy. The ring size can be controlled by changing the sol concentration and varying the annealing time of the polystyrene sphere colloidal monolayer. The sol−gel process generates porous nanocrystalline networks in the ring walls, which can be modified by incorporating functional particles into the pores. This strategy allows the fabrication of specific metal oxides and semiconductor ring arrays on both flat and curved surfaces.
Natural Cancer Therapy and Prevention Targeted on Cancer Cells and Cancer Stem Cells Based on the Cytochrome P45O Enzyme CYP1B1: A Commentary. (2017)

The importance of the P450 enzyme CYP1B1 in both cancer therapy and prevention are reviewed and evidence is discussed, which provides strong biological plausibility for the therapeutic merits of this approach. The significant resistance to chemotherapy among common cancers, and the realization that in many cases chemotherapy leaves behind drug-resistant cancer cells that eventually cause recurrence and metastatic disease, has recently prompted the search for natural compounds that would circumvent this problem. There is also the important question of therapies that will kill cancer stem cells (CSCs) because they appear, in many cases, to be resistant to conventional therapy. The repeated observation that resveratrol has the ability kill CSCs in a variety of cancers suggests that this natural product may act through a mechanism that is cancer-type independent. There are a few other natural products that have this property and all act through a well-understood mechanism involving CYP1B1, which is known to be overexpressed at the protein level in ordinary cancer cells but not in noncancer cells. These natural products toxic to ordinary cancer cells serve as substrates for this enzyme and the metabolites cause apoptosis or cell cycle arrest. This small group includes resveratrol. The observation that resveratrol also has this same action on CSCs independent of cancer type suggests the hypothesis that these cells also overexpress CYP1B1 and offer the same target as ordinary cancer cells. A number of case histories are reviewed that involve a variety of cancers from different sites and grades or stages treated with a proprietary mixture of CYP1B1 substrates extracted from fruit. They illustrate therapeutic effectiveness with even late-stage cancers put into durable remission. This implies combined ordinary cancer cell and CSC toxicity. In addition, a recent proposed mechanism for CYP1B1 overexpression only in cancer cells are described. Recently developed blood tests for CYP1B1, its cancer active substrates, and the resultant metabolites are reviewed as they add significantly to the biological plausibility of the CYP1B1 mechanism. Thus, a targeted therapy many researchers are actively seeking already exists with evidence of human efficacy and compelling biological plausibility.
ChemInform Abstract: General and Selective Head‐to‐Head Dimerization of Terminal Alkynes Proceeding via Hydropalladation Pathway. (2012)

Abstract Aromatic, heteroaromatic and aliphatic alkynes, bearing a wide range of functional groups can be applied.
A Study of Caustic Consumption in a High-Temperature Reservoir (1983)

ABSTRACT This paper describes a procedure used for evaluating a high temperature reservoir for caustic flooding. A comprehensive feasibility study included reservoir rock and fluid characterization, laboratory measurements of parameters controlling caustic consumption and a process evaluation by simulation with a finite difference chemical model. A two phase, six component finite difference chemical model was modified to include the long term caustic consumption based on first order reaction kinetics. The model produced a satisfactory match of a laboratory experiment conducted for determining caustic consumption. The influence of ion exchange, slug size and flow rates on the propogation of an effective caustic concentration through the reservoir was also investigated. The study indicated that caustic flooding of a high temperature reservoir can be successful only if the reservoir has sufficient flow capacity. To overcome the large caustic consumption due to high temperature, a high velocity must be maintained. Concentration of the caustic is also critical. However, if the fluid cannot be propogated fast enough, the concentration becomes insignificant.
A Novel Method to Solve CRS/PDSCH RE Collision in Joint Transmission in LTE-A (2012)

CoMP (Coordinated multi-point) transmission and reception has been studied for deployment types such as heterogeneous networks in LTE-A Rel-11. In this paper, we focus on the CRS (cell-specific reference signal)/PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel [12]) RE (resource element) collision in downlink joint transmission where different transmission points have different CRS frequency shifts. Since CRS muting scheme with rate match¬ing de¬creases PDSCH throughput, we propose to send an additional PDSCH RE over the CRS collided PDSCH REs from joint transmission points. With CRS-IC (CRS interference canceling) receiver at UE, this scheme has significant throughput gain over CRS muting in the link level simulation. In addition, this new approach doesn't have negative impact on legacy UE's interference measurements com¬pared with the rate matching scheme.
[A major cause of epidemics: the increase in tobacco consumption in France]. (1985)

There are conflicting reports on trends in tobacco consumption for France. We present here a synthesis of the available evidence from total sales and from population surveys. The consequences on future lung cancer death rates are briefly discussed and some possible actions are suggested.
Methods for imaging the structure and function of living tissues and cells: 2. Fluorescence lifetime imaging (2000)

This second article in the series shows how fluorescence lifetime imaging allows natural biochemical and physiological properties of tissues to act as contrast agents and so provide a basis for distinguishing normal and diseased tissue components. When combined with methods for imaging through non-transparent tissues and tomographic reconstruction it shows promise as a new optical biopsy technique. In addition to this, specially designed vital fluorescent probes of specific biochemical, secondary messenger and receptor activity in living cells may be imaged using FLIM. This is the youngest of the techniques covered in these review articles on imaging, the first FLIM images of cells having been produced in 1994. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Scaffolds for tendon and ligament repair: review of the efficacy of commercial products (2008)

Driven by market demand, many biological and synthetic scaffolds have been developed during the last 15 years. Both positive and negative results have been reported in clinical applications for tendon and ligament repair. To obtain data for this review, multiple electronic databases were used (e.g., Pubmed and ScienceDirect), as well as the US FDA website and the reference lists from clinical trials, review articles and company reports, in order to identify studies relating to the use of these commercial scaffolds for tendon and ligament repair. The commercial names of each scaffold and the keywords 'tendon' and 'ligament' were used as the search terms. Initially, 378 articles were identified. Of these, 47 were clinical studies and the others were reviews, editorials, commentaries, animal studies or related to applications other than tendons and ligaments. The outcomes were reviewed in 47 reports (six on Restore, eight on Graftjacket, four on Zimmer, one on TissueMend, five on Gore-Tex, six on Lars, 18 on Leeds-Keio and one study used both Restore and Graftjacket). The advantages, disadvantages and future perspectives regarding the use of commercial scaffolds for tendon and ligament treatment are discussed. Both biological and synthetic scaffolds can cause adverse events such as noninfectious effusion and synovitis, which result in the failure of surgery. Future improvements should focus on both mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Nanoscaffold manufactured using electrospinning technology may provide great improvement in future practice.
A review on the cleavage priming of the spike protein on coronavirus by angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 and furin (2020)

The widespread antigenic changes lead to the emergence of a new type of coronavirus (CoV) called as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 that is immunologically different from the previous circulating species. Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) is one of the most important receptors on the cell membrane of the host cells (HCs) which its interaction with spike protein (SP) with a furin-cleavage site results in the SARS-CoV-2 invasion. Hence, in this review, we presented an overview on the interaction of ACE-2 and furin with SP. As several kinds of CoVs, from various genera, have at their S1/S2 binding site a preserved site, we further surveyed the role of furin cleavage site (FCS) on the life cycle of the CoV. Furthermore, we discussed that the small molecular inhibitors can limit the interaction of ACE-2 and furin with SP and can be used as potential therapeutic platforms to combat the spreading CoV epidemic. Finally, some ongoing challenges and future prospects for the development of potential drugs to promote targeting specific activities of the CoV were reviewed. In conclusion, this review may pave the way for providing useful information about different compounds involved in improving the effectiveness of CoV vaccine or drugs with minimum toxicity against human health.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Economic and Environmental Benefits of Higher-Octane Gasoline (2014)

We quantify the economic and environmental benefits of designing U.S. light-duty vehicles (LDVs) to attain higher fuel economy by utilizing higher octane (98 RON) gasoline. We use engine simulations, a review of experimental data, and drive cycle simulations to estimate the reduction in fuel consumption associated with using higher-RON gasoline in individual vehicles. Lifecycle CO2 emissions and economic impacts for the U.S. LDV fleet are estimated based on a linear-programming refinery model, a historically calibrated fleet model, and a well-to-wheels emissions analysis. We find that greater use of high-RON gasoline in appropriately tuned vehicles could reduce annual gasoline consumption in the U.S. by 3.0-4.4%. Accounting for the increase in refinery emissions from production of additional high-RON gasoline, net CO2 emissions are reduced by 19-35 Mt/y in 2040 (2.5-4.7% of total direct LDV CO2 emissions). For the strategies studied, the annual direct economic benefit is estimated to be $0.4-6.4 billion in 2040, and the annual net societal benefit including the social cost of carbon is estimated to be $1.7-8.8 billion in 2040. Adoption of a RON standard in the U.S. in place of the current antiknock index (AKI) may enable refineries to produce larger quantities of high-RON gasoline.