gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advanced display concepts in nuclear control rooms (1982)

Precursors necessary for the development of a full-scale predictor display/control system have been under development since the mid 1940's. The predictor display itself has been available for use in manual control systems since 1958. However, the nuclear industry has not yet explored the uses and benefits of predictor systems. The purpose of this paper is to provide information on the application of this technology to the nuclear industry. The possibility of employing a simulation-based control system for nuclear plant systems that currently use conventional auto/manual schemes is discussed. By employing simulation-based systems, a predictor display could be made available to the operator during manual operations, thus facilitating control without outwardly affecting the overall control scheme.
Entanglement and Frustration in Ordered Systems (2003)

This article reviews and extends recent results concerning entanglement and frustration in multipartite systems which have some symmetry with respect to the ordering of the particles. Starting point of the discussion are Bell inequalities: their relation to frustration in classical systems and their satisfaction for quantum states which have a symmetric extension. It is then discussed how more general global symmetries of multipartite systems constrain the entanglement between two neighboring particles. We prove that maximal entanglement (measured in terms of the entanglement of formation) is always attained for the ground state of a certain nearest neighbor interaction Hamiltonian having the considered symmetry with the achievable amount of entanglement being a function of the ground state energy. Systems of Gaussian states, i.e. quantum harmonic oscillators, are investigated in more detail and the results are compared to what is known about ordered qubit systems.
Seeking “super hyacinths”; (1978)

Abstract Three ecotypes, based on size, of water hyacinth, Eichhorina crassipes (Mart.) Solms, a serious, persistent aquatic weed, were used to evaluate its possible utilization as sewage treatment plant and as a fuel precursor. Rates of removal of nitrogen and phosphorus for normal water hyacinths have been reported in the past to be 3.4 and 0.43 kg/ha/day, respectively. Metal content of the plant is reported for iron, copper, cobalt, potassium, magnesium and calcium and the metal distribution between pseudolamina, petioles, and roots has been shown to be negatively correlated with ‐log Ksp for the metal carbonate for small and medium‐sized plants but not correlated for the super‐hyacinths. The concentration of iron appears to be correlated with plant ecotype which occur in the environment at different dissolved oxygen concentrations. The use of the super‐hyacinth, as opposed to the normal‐sized plant, is discussed as a future fuel source by means of anaerobic digestion.
Diffusion imaging of cerebral white matter in persons who stutter: evidence for network-level anomalies (2014)

Deficits in brain white matter have been a main focus of recent neuroimaging studies on stuttering. However, no prior study has examined brain connectivity on the global level of the cerebral cortex in persons who stutter (PWS). In the current study, we analyzed the results from probabilistic tractography between regions comprising the cortical speech network. An anatomical parcellation scheme was used to define 28 speech production-related ROIs in each hemisphere. We used network-based statistic (NBS) and graph theory to analyze the connectivity patterns obtained from tractography. At the network-level, the probabilistic corticocortical connectivity from the PWS group were significantly weaker than that from persons with fluent speech (PFS). NBS analysis revealed significant components in the bilateral speech networks with negative correlations with stuttering severity. To facilitate comparison with previous studies, we also performed tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) and regional fractional anisotropy (FA) averaging. Results from tractography, TBSS and regional FA averaging jointly highlight the importance of several regions in the left peri-Rolandic sensorimotor and premotor areas, most notably the left ventral premotor cortex (vPMC) and middle primary motor cortex, in the neuroanatomical basis of stuttering.
P3‐274: Immune response induced by Aβ42‐mimotope displaying M13 phage particles (2009)

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyloid-ß (Aß) peptide accumulates in the brain in different forms including fibrils and oligomers. Recently we established several conformation-dependent human single chain Fv (scFv) antibodies which bound to the Aß 42 fibril, not to soluble form (Yoshihara, T., et al., J. Biochem. 143, 475, 2008). As these scFvs inhibited the Aß 42 fibril formation in vitro, they may be of value for diagnosis and therapeutics of AD. Previously we demonstrated that peptide phage clones selected from a conformational epitope recognizing monoclonal antibody might display moieties that mimic a receptor/ligand-like three-dimensional structure. These mimic peptides also had functional activity on receptor/ligand interaction (Fukumoto, T., et al., Nat. Biotech., 16, 1998). According to this idea, we selected Aß 42-mimotope peptide (Aß 42MP)-displaying phage clones using human anti Aß 42 scFvs which inhibited the Aß 42 fibril formation. In this study, we examined whether these Aß42MP-phages could elicit the antibody production specific to Aß 42 oligomers or fibrils in mice in vivo. It has been reported that phage-based vaccine could achieve high-titer anti Aß antibody production and prevent Aß neurotoxicity and Aß fibril formation. (Solomon, B., et al., Vaccine, 23, 2327, 2005). Aß 42MP-phage clones were selected from Ph.D.-C7C and Ph.D.-12 peptide library (New England Biolabs. Inc.) using Aß 42-fiber-specific human scFvs. BALB/c mice were immunized s.c. with 10^11 villions/shot of CsCl-purified phage particles. Antibodies in sera were detected by ELISA using isotype-specific antibodies. T cell response was determined by stimulating spleen cells with various antigens for 3 days. Aß 42 fiber (100ug/shot) in Alum induced anti-Aß 42 antibody response. Furthermore, Aß 42MP- phage also induced a weak IgM response which were reactive to Aß 42 fibril or Aß 42 oligomer, but not soluble Aß 42 monomer. These mice produced a strong IgG response to wild-type phage particles. T cell responses were not observed in response to Aß peptide. These Aß 42MP-phage clones may be useful for the development of AD vaccine when immunization protocol generating IgG+ B cells specific to Aß 42 oligomer or fiber will be established.
Shared memory multiprocessors: the right approach to parallel processing (2003)

The authors discuss the inherent bandwidth limitations of shared buses, which are assumed to set a ceiling on the performance and scalability of this architecture. They report on three years of experience with production multiprocessor systems. Advances in bus and cache technologies have greatly raised the ceiling which limits the throughput of bus-based multiprocessors. Sophisticated hierarchies of buses and caches increase the range over which such systems may scale. Most importantly, the symmetrical shared-memory model continues to allow these systems to be programmed in a very general and straightforward way, a claim which is not common to any other multiprocessor architecture. It is shown that the shared-memory model makes development of parallel programs easier than with distributed memory machines.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Grafting of polymers onto a carbon‐fiber surface by ligand‐exchange reaction of poly(vinyl ferrocene‐co‐vinyl monomer) with polycondensed aromatic rings of the surface (2002)

Abstract To improve the surface of carbon fiber, the grafting reaction of copolymer containing vinyl ferrocene (VFE) onto a carbon‐fiber surface by a ligand‐exchange reaction between ferrocene moieties of the copolymer and polycondensed aromatic rings of carbon fiber was investigated. The copolymer containing VFE was prepared by the radical copolymerization of VFE with vinyl monomers, such as methyl methacrylate (MMA) and styrene, using 2,2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator. By heating the carbon fiber with poly(VFE‐ co ‐MMA) (number‐average molecular weight: 2.1 × 10 4 ) in the presence of aluminum chloride and aluminum powder, the copolymer was grafted onto the surface. The percentage of grafting reached 46.1%. On the contrary, in the absence of aluminum chloride, no grafting of the copolymer was observed. Therefore, it is considered that the copolymer was grafted onto the carbon‐fiber surface by a ligand‐exchange reaction between ferrocene moieties of the copolymer and polycondensed aromatic rings of carbon fiber. The molar number of grafted polymer chain on the carbon‐fiber surface decreased with increasing molecular weight of poly(VFE‐ co‐ MMA) because the steric hindrance of grafted copolymer on the carbon‐fiber surface increases with increasing molecular weight of poly(VFE‐ co‐ MMA). © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 1868–1875, 2002
Elevated CSF free kappa light chains correlate with disability prognosis in multiple sclerosis (2006)

Elevated CSF free kappa light chains (FKLCs) may predict disability in multiple sclerosis (MS). We reviewed records of 57 patients with MS with 15-year median follow-up for correlations of disability and CSF FKLCs. Levels > or = 1.53 microg/mL predicted progression to need for ambulatory assistance during follow-up (specificity 87.5%, positive predictive value 88.9%) or within 10 years (specificity 78.6%, positive predictive value 66.7%).
GABABReceptor Antagonist CGP46381 Inhibits Form-Deprivation Myopia Development in Guinea Pigs (2015)

The aim was to investigate the effects of the GABAB receptor antagonist, CGP46381, on form-deprivation myopia (FDM) in guinea pigs. Twenty-four guinea pigs had monocular visual deprivation induced using a diffuser for 11 days (day 14 to 25). The deprived eyes were treated with daily subconjunctival injections (100 μl) of either 2% CGP46381, 0.2% CGP46381, or saline or received no injection. The fellow eyes were left untreated. Another six animals received no treatment. At the start and end of the treatment period, ocular refractions were measured using retinoscopy and vitreous chamber depth (VCD) and axial length (AL) using A-scan ultrasound. All of the deprived eyes developed relative myopia (treated versus untreated eyes, P < 0.05). The amount of myopia was significantly affected by the drug treatment (one-way ANOVA, P < 0.0001). The highest dose tested, 2% CGP46381, significantly inhibited myopia development compared to saline (2% CGP46381: -1.08 ± 0.40 D, saline: -4.33 ± 0.67 D, P < 0.01). The majority of these effects were due to less AL (2% CGP46381: 0.03 ± 0.01 mm, saline: 0.13 ± 0.02 mm, P < 0.01) and VCD (2% CGP46381: 0.02 ± 0.01 mm, saline: 0.08 ± 0.01 mm, P < 0.01) elongation. The lower dose tested, 0.2% CGP46381, did not significantly inhibit FDM (P > 0.05). Subconjunctival injections of CGP46381 inhibit FDM development in guinea pigs in a dose-dependent manner.
Human Target Detection, Tracking, and Classification Using 24-GHz FMCW Radar (2019)

This paper presents a millimeter-wave radar in the 24-GHz ISM band for detection, tracking, and classification of human targets. Linear frequency modulation of the transmit signal and two receive antennas enable distance and angle measurements, respectively. Multiple consecutive frequency chirps are used for target velocity calculation. Hardware as well as firmware concepts of the proposed system are described in detail. Various algorithms for human detection and tracking are investigated and combined into a new signal processing routine optimized for compactness and low power to run on a microcontroller. In addition, a novel Doppler-compensated angle-of-arrival estimation method and a one-class support vector machine for human classification are proposed to further enhance the human detection and tracking performance. The achieved performances of the designed hardware and the implemented algorithm are verified in extensive measurements. The distance and angle errors of the realized radar sensor are at most 25 cm along a measurement range of 18 m and 10° for a two-sided angle sweep of 65°, respectively. The achieved range resolution is 0.9 m. The dedicated verifications of the most important signal processing routines are presented to verify their functionality and experiments with several human targets that illustrate the performance and limits of the overall tracking algorithm. It is shown that range, velocity, and angle of up to five humans are correctly detected and tracked. The presented one-class classifier successfully distinguishes the human targets from other quasi-static targets, such as trees and shadowing effects of human subjects on walls.
The v-sis protein retains biological activity as a type II membrane protein when anchored by various signal-anchor domains, including the hydrophobic domain of the bovine papilloma virus E5 oncoprotein. (1993)

Membrane-anchored forms of the v-sis oncoprotein have been previously described which are oriented as type I transmembrane proteins and which efficiently induce autocrine transformation. Several examples of naturally occurring membrane-anchored growth factors have been identified, but all exhibit a type I orientation. In this work, we wished to construct and characterize membrane-anchored growth factors with a type II orientation. These experiments were designed to determine whether type II membrane-anchored growth factors would in fact exhibit biological activity. Additionally, we wished to determine whether the hydrophobic domain of the E5 oncoprotein of bovine papilloma virus (BPV) can function as a signal-anchor domain to direct type II membrane insertion. Type II derivatives of the v-sis oncoprotein were constructed, with the NH2 terminus intracellular and the COOH terminus extracellular, by substituting the NH2 terminal signal sequence with the signal-anchor domain of a known type II membrane protein. The signal-anchor domains of neuraminidase (NA), asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) and transferrin receptor (TR) all yielded biologically active type II derivatives of the v-sis oncoprotein. Although transforming all of the type II signal/anchor-sis proteins exhibited a very short half-life. The short half-life exhibited by the signal/anchor-sis constructs suggests that, in some cases, cellular transformation may result from the synthesis of growth factors so labile that they activate undetectable autocrine loops. The E5 oncoprotein encoded by BPV exhibits amino acid sequence similarity with PDGF, activates the PDGF beta-receptor, and thus resembles a miniature membrane-anchored growth factor with a putative type II orientation. The hydrophobic domain of the E5 oncoprotein, when substituted in place of the signal sequence of v-sis, was indistinguishable compared with the signal-anchor domains of NA, TR, and ASGPR, demonstrating its ability to function as a signal-anchor domain. NIH 3T3 cells transformed by the signal/anchor-sis constructs exhibited morphological reversion upon treatment with suramin, indicating a requirement for ligand/receptor interactions in a suramin-sensitive compartment, most likely the cell surface. In contrast, NIH 3T3 cells transformed by the E5 oncoprotein did not exhibit morphological reversion in response to suramin.
Qu'apporte BERT à l'analyse syntaxique en constituants discontinus ? Une suite de tests pour évaluer les prédictions de structures syntaxiques discontinues en anglais (What does BERT contribute to discontinuous constituency parsing ? A test suite to evaluate discontinuous constituency structure predictions in English). (2020)

Cet article propose d’analyser les apports d’un modele de langue pre-entraine de type BERT (bidirectional encoder representations from transformers) a l’analyse syntaxique en constituants discontinus en anglais (PTB, Penn Treebank). Pour cela, nous realisons une comparaison des erreurs d’un analyseur syntaxique dans deux configurations (i) avec un acces a BERT affine lors de l’apprentissage (ii) sans acces a BERT (modele n’utilisant que les donnees d’entrainement). Cette comparaison s’appuie sur la construction d’une suite de tests que nous rendons publique. Nous annotons les phrases de la section de validation du Penn Treebank avec des informations sur les phenomenes syntaxiques a l’origine des discontinuites. Ces annotations nous permettent de realiser une evaluation fine des capacites syntaxiques de l’analyseur pour chaque phenomene cible. Nous montrons que malgre l’apport de BERT a la qualite des analyses (jusqu’a 95 en F1 ), certains phenomenes complexes ne sont toujours pas analyses de maniere satisfaisante.
35 GHz Bandwidth with Directly Current Modulated 980 nm Oxide Aperture Single Cavity VCSELs (2018)

Vertical-single-cavity surface-emitting lasers emitting in a quasi-single mode at 980 nm and based on a simplified epitaxial design with oxide aperture diameters of about 3 μm and an output coupling mirror power reflectance below 0.99 exhibit record room temperature small-signal modulation bandwidths of 35 GHz.
Wobble base-pairing slows in vivo translation elongation in metazoans (2011)

In the universal genetic code, most amino acids can be encoded by multiple trinucleotide codons, and the choice among available codons can influence position-specific translation elongation rates. By using sequence-based ribosome profiling, we obtained transcriptome-wide profiles of in vivo ribosome occupancy as a function of codon identity in Caenorhabditis elegans and human cells. Particularly striking in these profiles was a universal trend of higher ribosome occupancy for codons translated via G:U wobble base-pairing compared with synonymous codons that pair with the same tRNA family using G:C base-pairing. These data support a model in which ribosomal translocation is slowed at wobble codon positions.
Applications marines des matériaux composites Cas des voiliers de compétition (2008)

En raison de leur importante qualite, les materiaux composites sont tres largement utilises dans le domaine « marine ». Ils y ont supplante la construction classique en bois depuis nien des annees. L’objectif de cet article est de s’interesser aux applications marines des materiaux composites de facon generale, mais plus precisement au cas des voiliers de competition. En effet, le domaine de la voile de competition oblige de toujours progresser dans la conception, la mise en oeuvre ou encore l’utilisation des composites a hautes performances, tant il constitue un moteur de developpement important. Les structures, les materiaux utilises, la conception, le calcul des structures marines et la durabilite sont autant d’aspects etudies dans cet article.
Endometriosis and Infertility: How and When to Treat? (2014)

Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial-like tissue (glands or stroma) outside the uterus, which induces a chronic inflammatory reaction. Although endometriosis impairs fertility, it does not usually completely prevent conception. The question of evidence based-medicine guidelines in endometriosis-associated infertility is weak in many situations. Therefore, we will highlight in this issue where the challenges are.
A variant 8;21 translocation in acute myeloblastic leukemia (1983)

A three-way rearrangement involving chromosomes 1, 8, and 21 was observed in bone marrow cells from a female with acute myeloblastic leukemia, subtype M2 (AML-M2). The translocation break points in chromosomes 8 and 21 were identical to those found in the standard t(8;21) that is associated with this disease type. A review of this and four previously reported cases involving variant 8;21 translocations indicates that a consistent pattern of exchange may be involved in these complex rearrangements even though the third chromosome affected may differ.
ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, CYCLES OF DISADVANTAGE AND SOCIAL COMPETENCE: SOME LONGITUDINAL DATA (1991)

S ummary . The social and familial background, intelligence and personality of children and adolescents have been shown to contribute to their status in society, their educational attainment and to social competence in general as adults (Rutter and Madge, 1976; Garmezy, 1987). This study considers how these factors are translated into behaviour through the mediation of achievement motivation. Using a multidimensional approach to achievement motivation (Cassidy and Lynn, 1989), the achievement factors that predicted educational attainment and socioeconomic status in a sample of 451 young adults were identified. Data for the sample of 199 males and 252 females were collected at two points over a seven‐year period. Initial assessment occurred at age 16 and final assessment at age 23 approximately. It is suggested that a focus on the development of cognitive‐behavioural styles of achievement motivation, problem‐solving and attribution may provide a useful future direction for research on social competence. The implications of such a focus are discussed.
SU‐FF‐I‐82: Noise Cancellation and Onset Detection of Verbal Responses During Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2007)

A method for scanner noise cancellation and detection of verbal responses during an fMRI experiment is presented. In recent fMRI experiments overt responses have been used to monitor the subject's response and the timing used in the statistical analysis.. Due to the presence of scanner noise, the subject's speech can be difficult to understand. Data were collected on a 3T scanner during EPI acquisition. A template of the scanner noise is created during the period of scanning that is used to allow the signal to reach equilibrium. For each TR intervals, correlation of the template is used to optimize the subtraction by a shift of +/− 5 pixels. A median filter (1×5) is used to remove spurious noise spikes resulting from an incomplete subtraction. Finally, a threshold is applied defined as 2 standard deviations above the baseline, to identify the verbal responses. The time position of each verbal response is obtained with respect to an initial setting. The result is an audio stream that is nearly free of scanner noise with a reduction in noise by 15 dB. The subject's voice is detectable. A spreadsheet of verbal response onsets is also created for use during analysis to improve the statistical model. Future implementation is aimed at having a real‐time version to monitor the subject during any form of imaging to provide additional levels of safety. The experimental data is sampled at a rate of 25000 samples/second. Figure 1, shows pictures of scanner signals, before and after the processing of an event related trial. Figure 2, shows the scanner signal before processing in one TR segment. Figure 3 shows the power spectrum plot of the audio signals, before and after processing. The result shows that it is possible to reduce the scanner noise by 15 db using this technique.