gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Numerical Modelling of Cavitation Erosion (2008)

The goal of the work is to develop an expert system for monitoring and control of cavitation in hydraulic machines and to research the possibility of cavitation erosion prediction using CFD tools only. The geometry in question is a simple single hydrofoil, which is exposed to the developed cavitating flow at different flow conditions. The work was divided in more parts: numerical simulation of cavitating flow, experimental evaluation of the simulation, measurements of cavitation erosion, development of cavitation erosion model and finally the prediction of cavitation erosion using solely CFD. A study of erosion effects of cavitation on simple single hydrofoil configurations in a cavitation tunnel was made. A thin copper foil, applied to the surface of the hydrofoils, was used as an erosion sensor. A pit-count method was used to evaluate the damage. The cavitation phenomenon on hydrofoils at different flow conditions (system pressure, flow velocity) was observed. The erosion model is based on the physical description of different phenomena (cavitation cloud implosion, pressure wave emission and its attenuation, micro-jet formation and finally pit formation), which are involved in the process of pit formation. The cavitating flow was simulated using an “in house” CFD code which uses barotropic state law. The code was previously tested on numerous experiments. For the present case the predictions of velocity profiles and pressure evolutions in the vicinity of the hydrofoil were compared to experimentally measured data. In all cases a very good correlation was obtained. The erosion model was implemented into the code. It used values of local pressure, local void fraction and flow velocity to determine the magnitude of damage at a certain point. The results of prediction were compared to the experimentally measured damage on the hydrofoil and it was shown that it is possible, for this simple case, to use solely CFD tools to predict cavitation erosion evolution in time, final extent and final magnitude with a very good accuracy.
Combining Accuracy and Plasticity in Convolutional Neural Networks Based on Resistive Memory Arrays for Autonomous Learning (2021)

Nowadays, artificial neural networks (ANNs) can outperform the human brain ability in specific tasks. However, ANNs cannot replicate the efficient and low-power learning, adaptation and consolidation typical of biological organisms. Here, we present a hardware design, based on arrays of SiOx resistive switching memories (RRAMs), that allows to combine the accuracy of convolutional neural networks with the flexibility of bio-inspired neuronal plasticity. In order to enable the combination of the stable and the plastic attributes of the network, we exploit the spike-frequency adaptation of the neurons relying on the multilevel programming of the RRAM devices. This procedure enhances the efficiency and accuracy of the network for MNIST, noisy MNIST (N-MNIST), Fashion-MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets, with inference accuracies of about 99% to 89%, respectively. We also demonstrate that the hardware is capable of asynchronous self-adaptation of its operative frequency according to the fire rate of the spiking neuron, thus optimizing the whole behavior of the network. We finally show that the system enables fast and accurate filter re-training to overcome catastrophic forgetting, showing high efficiency in terms of operations per second and robustness against device non-idealities. This work paves the way for the theoretical modelling and hardware realization of resilient autonomous systems in dynamic environments.
A preliminary application of principal components and cluster analysis to internal tongue deformation patterns (2010)

Complex patterns of muscle contractions create gross tongue motion during speech. It is of scientific and medical importance to better understand speech motor strategies and variations due to language or disorders. Dense patterns of tongue motion can be imaged using tagged magnetic resonance imaging, but characterisation of motion strategies is difficult using visualisation alone. This paper explores the use of principal component analysis for dimensionality reduction and cluster analysis for tongue motion categorisation. Velocity fields were acquired and analysed from midsagittal tongue slices during motion from /i/ to /u/ for eight datasets containing multiple languages and a glossectomy patient. The analyses were carried out on the tongue-only and tongue-plus-floor of the mouth regions. The results showed that both the analyses were sensitive to region size and that cluster analysis was harder to interpret. Both the analyses grouped the Japanese speaker with the glossectomy patient, which although explicable with biologically plausible reasons, highlights the limitations of extensive data reduction.
Analysis Of Threshold-Based Toa Estimators In Uwb Channels (2006)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Florence, Italy, 2006
Figure S3 from Secretory Autophagy in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Promotes Head and Neck Cancer Progression and Offers a Novel Therapeutic Target (2023)

&lt;p&gt;IL-6 and IL-8 induce fibroblast autophagy&lt;/p&gt;
An In Vitro Transcription Assay for Probing Drug-DNA Interactions During Active Transcription of DNA (2003)

Many of the anticancer chemotherapeutic agents in current clinical use are known to interact strongly with DNA (e.g., Adriamycin, cis-platinum, melphalan, mitomycin C, and mitoxantrone). Although the exact mechanism of action remains unresolved in most cases, the apparent role of DNA has prompted, over several decades, a wide range of studies of these drug-DNA interactions. The major objective of such studies has been to determine the structure of the drug-DNA complex, with the objective being to use this information in the design of new derivatives.
From the Editor (1994)

From the Editor From Volume 12, No. 1, onwards, the Editorial Committee has decided, the official months of issue for a volume of Parergon will be July and January, instead of June and December. This change will not affect the entitlement of subscribers but will regularize our financial management. It also recognizes the practicalities of timing in relation to the demands of the Australian and N e w Zealand academic year. At the same time, readers wiU notice, some variation has been made in the actual form of Parergon. T o lessen the need for frequent increases in subscription rates, the journal is n o w in A 5 size, allowing considerable savings in printing costs. To those libraries and other subscribers for w h o m a uniform height and width are particularly deshable we apologize. The new size will now continue indefinitely, and w e trust that the effort to contain costs wUl compensate in some measure. The volume of contents wiU remain the same. Because the new page format adopts smaller margins, there is relatively slight change to the amount of text per page; there will normally be a few more pages than previously. In this issue alone there are six articles rather than the usual seven or eight but the Reviews section is no less substantial than usual. At the same time as implementing these changes, w e have thought it appropriate to adopt a more responsible position in relation to the environment. W e have therefore decided that Parergon will henceforward use 'environmentally friendly' recycled paper and cardboard. The cost in comparison with that of the materials used before represents a very slight increase, but this is virtually insignificant when set against the savings achieved by the new format. W e would tike to thank Ed Lidums of Berget Pty Ltd for his advice and assistance in these matters. W e would also luce to thank Alex Jones of the Department of English at the University of Sydney for continuing to supply the special fonts needed for some parts of the journal. W e trust these measures meet with the approval of subscribers, and wish them continued happy reading. Diane Speed Editor PARERGON ns 12.1 (July 1994) I ...
Shipboard Trials of Menadione as a Ballast Water Treatment (2007)

Shipboard trials of a chemical ballast water treatment, menadione (methyl 1,4-naphthoquinone), were conducted in Baltimore Harbor, Maryland, under normal ballasting conditions at a flow rate of 340 tonne h002D1. Several different concentrations and formulations of menadione were tested. Most proved effective at controlling zooplankton to international standards at approximately 2 mgL002D1 and completely inhibited the growth of phytoplankton at this, or lower, concentrations.
Ultrasound biomicroscopy of eyes undergoing deep sclerectomy with collagen implant. (1996)

DSCI lowered IOP by allowing aqueous filtration through a thin trabeculocorneal membrane to the subconjunctival space and, eventually, to the suprachoroidal space.
Genetic Impact of a Butyrophilin-like 2 (BTNL2) Gene Variation on Specific IgE Responsiveness to Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f) in Japanese (2009)

Although an association which may be due to the linkage disequilibrium with other genes in 6p21 needs to be ruled out, the present findings suggest that the BTNL2 gene might be one of the candidate genes that is responsible for the pathogenesis of Der f-specific IgE responsiveness.
Sparse Signal Recovery Based on Complex Bayesian Compressive Sensing (2016)

An effective Sparse Bayesian Learning algorithm exploiting Complex sparse Temporal correlation (CTSBL) is proposed in this paper, which is used to recover sparse complex signal. By exploiting the fact that the real and imaginary components of a complex value share the same sparsity pattern, it can improve the sparsity of the estimated signal. A multitask sparse signal recovery issue is transformed to a block sparse signal recovery issue of a single measurement by taking full advantage of the internal structure information among the multiple measurement vector signals. The experiments show that the proposed algorithm CTSBL achieves better recovery performance compared with the existing Complex MultiTask Bayesian Compressive Sensing (CMTBCS) algorithm
Kinetic studies of gas evolution during pyrolysis of subbituminous coal. [18 refs; pyrolysis at 110 to 1000/sup 0/C] (1976)

The pyrolysis of Roland Seam (Wyodak Mine) subbituminous coal has been investigated over the temperature range of 110 - 1000/sup 0/C (383 - 1273/sup 0/K) and in an inert gas environment. Evolution of the major non-condensible products (H/sub 2/, CO/sub 2/, CO, CH/sub 4/, C/sub 2/H/sub 6/, C/sub 3/H/sub 8/, and C/sub 2/H/sub 4/) has been measured quantitatively. Furthermore by measuring the rate of gas evolutions under linear heating conditions (dT/dt = constant) the effective activation energy and kinetic frequency factor for release of each gas are determined. These kinetic results are extremely useful for modeling the pyrolysis process (for example, in in situ gasification). Finally, the observed gas evolution processes are correlated with decomposition of known chemical structures in coal. This provides a general physical picture of the chemical reactions which may be occurring.
Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE): A Protocol for Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal for Offer/Answer Protocols (2010)

This document describes a protocol for Network Address Translator (NAT) traversal for UDP-based multimedia sessions established with the offer/answer model. This protocol is called Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE). ICE makes use of the Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) protocol and its extension, Traversal Using Relay NAT (TURN). ICE can be used by any protocol utilizing the offer/answer model, such as the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP).
Development and Regeneration of the Nervous System: A Role for Neurosteroids (Paart 1 of 2) (1996)

Several steroids, termed 'neurosteroids', are synthesized from cholesterol within both the central and peripheral nervous systems. These include pregnenolone and its sulfate ester, progesterone and its 5 alpha-reduced metabolites. Dehydroepiandrosterone, mainly in its sulfated form, also remains present in the brain long after removal of the steroidogenic endocrine glands. Its biosynthesis in brain remains an open possibility, but the pathways involved are unknown. Little information is available concerning the role of neurosteroids during the maturation of the nervous system, although they are already synthesized by glial cells and by some populations of neurons during embryonic life. Cell culture experiments suggest that neurosteroids may increase the survival and differentiation of both neurons and glial cells. In the adult nervous system, neurosteroids modulate neurotransmission by acting directly on the neuronal membrane and also produce structural changes in neurons and in astrocytes. Studies of neurosteroid levels are currently conducted to examine their possible role during aging. We have recently reported that progesterone, synthesized by Schwann cells, promotes the formation of new myelin sheaths after lesion of the mouse sciatic nerve. Thus, neurosteroids may also play an important role during regeneration of the nervous system.
Analog-to-digital converter with oxide thin-film transistors (2016)

A three-bit flash analog-to-digital converter (ADC) consisting of inverter-based comparators and logic gates using amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide thin-film transistors (a-IGZO TFTs) was developed. The TFT has a bottom gate structure with a methyl-siloxane-based organic spin-on-glass passivation layer, which reduces the plasma damage on the active layer. A bootstrapped logic gate structure was used in the proposed ADC to overcome the reduced output swing in the inverters and the NAND gates caused by using only n-type a-IGZO TFTs. The output signals of the developed three-bit flash ADC with a-IGZO TFTs well matched the analog inputs. The output voltage swing was 0.2–3.6 V, well matching the simulation result. The three-bit flash ADC was verified up to the 1 kHz operation frequency, and thus can be used in sensor applications such as the wearable sensor display and the integrated biosensing platform.
Nigroxanthin (3',4'-Didehydro-β,γ-carotene-3,6'-diol), a New Carotenoid Isolated from Paprika (Capsicum annuum var. longum nigrum) (1994)

From red paprika (Capsicum annuum var. longum nigrum) nigroxanthin (1) was isolated as a minor carotenoid and, based on its spectral data, identified as (all-E)-3',4'-didehydro-β,γ-carotene-3,6'-diol.
Several Blue-Emitting Thin-Film Electroluminescent Devices (1992)

Blue-emitting thin-film electroluminescent (EL) devices were studied. As the blue-emitting phosphor, thin-films in which the Tm 3+ ion was doped into several hosts (ZnS, Y 2 O 2 S, CdF 2 , ZnF 2 and YF 3 ) and CaF 2 :Eu were investigated. Blue EL emission of Tm 3+ ions arising from the 1 D 2 → 3 H 4 or 1 G 4 → 3 H 6 transition was observed in each Tm-doped device. The most dominant lines in these emissions varied with the kind of host materials. The CaF 2 :Eu thin-film also showed blue electroluminescence due to a parity-allowed 4f 6 ( 7 F)5d→4f 7 ( 8 S) transition of the Eu 2+ ion.
Comparison of the free volume sizes and shapes determined from crystallographic and PALS data (2015)

Abstract Two different classes of molecular crystals were investigated. The first group was benzenediols, which are characterized by the same chemical composition but a different organization of their crystallographic structures; all of the compounds from this group have only one kind of free volumes. The second class was represented by olanzapine, which has more complex chemical composition and two kinds of free volumes in the structure. The o -Ps lifetime values determined from positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) measurements agree quite well with those calculated for sizes found from crystallographic data for benzenediols (agreement within 10% of the lifetime values). For olanzapine, a good agreement is observed in the case of cuboidal free volumes, while for the other kind of void, the agreement is less satisfactory. Positronium diffusion coefficient determined from o -Ps redistribution in olanzapine agrees with these found for polymers.
Observation expérimentale d'un effet thermoélastique dans l'état liquide (2021)

Fait Marquant IRAMIS https://iramis.cea.fr/Phocea/Vie_des_labos/Ast/ast.php?t=fait_marquant&id_ast=3291.
Investigation of biological activity of 2,3-disubstituted quinazolin-4(1H)-ones against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and DNA via docking, spectroscopy and DFT studies (2020)

Docking studies, structural data of DNA binding and molecular dynamics simulations of substituted quinazolin-4(1<italic>H</italic>)-ones.
Advances in AlGaInN laser diode technology for defence applications (2013)

The latest developments in AlGaInN laser diode technology are reviewed. The AlGaInN material system allows for laser diodes to be fabricated over a very wide range of wavelengths from u.v. to the visible, i.e., 380-530nm, by tuning the indium content of the laser GaInN quantum well. Of specific interest for defence applications is blue-green laser diode technology for underwater telecommunications and sensing applications. Ridge waveguide laser diode structures are fabricated to achieve single mode operation with optical powers of &lt;100mW in the 400-420nm wavelength range with high reliability. Low defectivity and highly uniform GaN-substrates allow arrays and bars of nitride lasers to be fabricated. In addition, high power operation of AlGaInN laser diodes is demonstrated with the operation of a single chip, ‘mini-array’ consisting of a 3 stripe common p-contact at powers up to 2.5W cw in the 408-412 nm wavelength range and a 16 stripe common p-contact laser array at powers over 4W cw.
Hyperspectral Unmixing in the Presence of Mixed Noise Using Joint-Sparsity and Total Variation (2016)

Hyperspectral unmixing is the process of estimating constituent endmembers and their fractional abundances present at each pixel in a hyperspectral image. A hyperspectral image is often corrupted by several kinds of noise. This work addresses the hyperspectral unmixing problem in a general scenario that considers the presence of mixed noise. The unmixing model explicitly takes into account both Gaussian noise and sparse noise. The unmixing problem has been formulated to exploit joint-sparsity of abundance maps. A total-variation-based regularization has also been utilized for modeling smoothness of abundance maps. The split-Bregman technique has been utilized to derive an algorithm for solving resulting optimization problem. Detailed experimental results on both synthetic and real hyperspectral images demonstrate the advantages of proposed technique.
An Adaptive Vibe Algorithm Based on Dispersion Coefficient and Spatial Consistency Factor (2020)

ViBe algorithm is a powerful moving object detection algorithm. It has many advantages, such as simple method, easy implementation and high computational efficiency, but there are also many shortcomings, such as ghost problem, susceptibility to noise and illumination changes and inadaptability to dynamic scenes. Aiming at the above shortcomings, an adaptive ViBe algorithm based on dispersion coefficients and spatial consistency factor is proposed. Firstly, the mode of multi-frame images is used to replace single image to realize initialization, which reduces the interference of ghost to background model; Secondly, dispersion coefficient is used to establish adaptive dynamic threshold to improve the adaptability of the algorithm to dynamic background; Finally, the spatial consistency factor with spatial information is used to establish adaptive update factor, which reduces the error rate and enhances the robustness of the algorithm. The experimental results show that our improved ViBe algorithm can effectively eliminate ghosts, better adapt to noise, illumination and dynamic background, have more complete detection results and higher detection accuracy than the traditional and others’ improved ViBe algorithms and Gaussian mixture model.
Catalytic NO Oxidation Pathways and Redox Cycles on Dispersed Oxides of Rhodium and Cobalt (2012)

Abstract The elementary steps and site requirements for the oxidation of NO on Rh and Co and the oxidation state of the catalysts were probed by isotopic tracers, chemisorption methods, and kinetic measurements of the effects of the pressures of NO, O 2 , and NO 2 on turnover rates. On both catalysts, NO oxidation rates were first order in NO and O 2 and were inversely proportional to NO 2 pressure, as observed on Pt and PdO. These data implied that O 2 activation on an isolated vacancy (*) on the catalyst surfaces that were saturated with oxygen (O*) was the kinetically relevant step. Quasi‐equilibrated NO–NO 2 interconversion steps established the coverage of * and O* and the chemical potential of oxygen during the catalysis. These chemical potentials set the oxidation state of Rh and Co clusters and were described by an O 2 virtual pressure, which was determined from the formalism of non‐equilibrium thermodynamics. RhO 2 and Co 3 O 4 were the phases that were present during NO oxidation, which had several consequences for catalysis. Turnover rates increased with increasing cluster size because the vacancies that were needed for O 2 activation were more abundant on large oxide clusters, which delocalized electrons better than small clusters. NO oxidation turnover rates on RhO 2 and Co 3 O 4 were higher than expected from the oxygen‐binding energy on Rh and Co metal surfaces and from the reduction potentials of Rh 3+ and Co 2+ . These NO oxidation rates were consistent with the rates on Pt and PdO when one‐electron‐reduction processes, which were accessible for Rh 4+ and Co 3+ but not for Pt 2+ and Pd 2+ , were used to describe the reactivity of RhO 2 and Co 3 O 4 . One‐electron redox cycles caused the 16 O 2 – 18 O 2 exchange rates to be higher than the NO oxidation rates, in contrast with their analogous values on Pt and PdO, although O 2 activation on the vacancies limited NO oxidation and O 2 exchange on all of the catalysts. One‐electron redox cycles allowed electron sharing between metal cations and a facile route to form vacancies on RhO 2 and Co 3 O 4 . This interpretation of the data highlighted the role of vacancies in kinetically relevant O 2 ‐activation steps to explain the higher reactivity of larger metal and oxide clusters and to provide a common framework to describe NO oxidation and the active species on catalysts of practical interest.