gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of Metabolic and Volumetric Parameters of Preoperative FDG-PET/CT in Patients With Resectable Pancreatic Cancer (2016)

In this study, we aimed to evaluate prognostic value of metabolic and volumetric parameters measured from F fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in patients with resectable pancreatic cancer.Fifty-one patients with resectable pancreatic cancer who underwent FDG-PET/CT and curative operation were retrospectively enrolled. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were measured from FDG-PET/CT. Association between FDG-PET/CT and clinicopathologic parameters was evaluated. The prognostic values of the FDG-PET/CT and clinicopathologic parameters for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses.The 51 enrolled patients were followed up for a median of 21 months (mean ± SD: 23 ± 16 months, range: 1-78 months) with 33 (65%) recurrences and 30 (59%) deaths during the period. SUVmax, MTV, and TLG were associated with Tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage and presence of lymph node metastasis. MTV and TLG were associated with presence of lymphovascular invasion, whereas SUVmax was not. On the univariate analysis, SUVmax, MTV, and TLG were associated with RFS and OS. Also, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage were associated with OS on the univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, MTV and TLG were independent prognostic factors for RFS and OS. SUVmax was an independent prognostic factor for OS, but not for RFS.Metabolic tumor volume and TLG were independently predictive of RFS and OS in resectable pancreatic cancer. SUVmax was an independent factor for OS, but not for RFS.
Distributed access control with blockchain (2019)

The specification and enforcement of network-wide policies in a single administrative domain is common in today's networks and considered as already resolved. However, this is not the case for multi-administrative domains, e.g. among different enterprises. In such situation, new problems arise that challenge classical solutions such as PKIs, which suffer from scalability and granularity concerns. In this paper, we present an extension to Group-Based Policy -a widely used network policy languagefor the aforementioned scenario. To do so, we take advantage of a permissioned blockchain implementation (Hyperledger Fabric) to distribute access control policies in a secure and auditable manner, preserving at the same time the independence of each organization. Network administrators specify polices that are rendered into blockchain transactions. A LISP control plane (RFC 6830) allows routers performing the access control to query the blockchain for authorizations. We have implemented an end-to-end experimental prototype and evaluated it in terms of scalability and network latency.
Effect of Water Management on Mycoherbicidal Activity of Exserohilum monoceras against Echinochloa oryzicola. (1998)

Factors affecting the herbicidal activity of Exserohilum monoceras JTB-808 against Echinochloa oryzicola young seedlings were examined using a drop inoculation method under greenhouse conditions. The herbicidal activity of the fungus correlated with water management practices. High herbicidal activity was produced by increasing the depth and duration of water flooding. When 105 conidia/100cm2 were introduced to a pot filled with water to a depth of 7cm or 9cm, more than 95% of plants were killed, and the dry weight of the plants was reduced by over 95% at 21 days after inoculation. A water depth of 7cm with 7 or more days of flooding gave almost the same results at 21 days after inoculation. When the flooding was prolonged to 14 days, the plants were completely destroyed. Shallow depths or short flooding duration were not effective. Lesion development under submergence was examined on the first leaf of E. oryzicola after inoculation with conidia embedded in low melting-temperature agarose gel. When inoculated leaves were kept under submergence for 1, 2 or 3 days, collapsed lesions enlarged to 14.3, 78.7 and 95.3% of the leaf area of each sample, respectively, by 10 days after inoculation. The results show that submergence of the host plants promoted lesion development, which led to high mycoherbicidal activity.
A Real-time Visual Reflex For Autonomous Navigation (2005)

In this paper a well defined case of autonomous car driving in a typical traffic jam condition is addressed. Such a situation has been faced looking at the relation between the rate of change of the area projected on the image plane by a moving object and its time-to-crash (TTC). A visual sensor has been developed which is able to detect expansions or contractions of the area shape, without any explicit computation of the optical flow field. This sensor provides the visual input of an opto- motor reflex, working in real-time, which is able to keep constant in time the distance between the camera an a frontal obstacle. The methodology has been tested by using a mobile platform. The performances of the reflex on real image sequences are shown.
New Robot Concept for Mars Soil Exploration: Mechanics and Functionality (2004)

The exploration of Mars on 2004 by robots Spirit and Opportunity represents a step towards the use of the Mars planet by the man, in a future. The robots made an excellent job and their exploration was finally a description of the characters of the Mars soil. The European Exomars satellite could detect parameters of the composition of the soil and their exam supported the conviction of the presence of water, and in the same time the possible existence of life. More than a special idea of a project, now it is necessary to perform like a universal idea, which will be the consequence of the results obtained up to now by robotics. The concept of colony of many robots for exploration, able to perform actions on Moon or on Mars is here presented, like a step for new concepts in space robotic design.
Ruthenium red staining of vaginal epithelial cells and adherent bacteria (1985)

The vaginal epithelium of the rhesus monkey is a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium throughout the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy. The superficial cells have a thickened cell envelope, surface microridges, and numerous adherent bacteria. During later pregnancy the cells mucify and have a typical cell membrane, microvilli, and no adherent bacteria. In the present study we have extended these observations by examining vaginal surface structures after ruthenium red staining. Throughout the cycle, the superficial cells have a thin layer of stained material closely associated with the cell membrane, but in some cases a much thicker mucous blanket was observed. During later pregnancy the epithelial cells had a moderately thick, somewhat clumped ruthenium red-positive material associated with the cell membrane. Glycocalyx components of the surface of many bacteria also stained with ruthenium red. The adherence of many types of bacteria to the vaginal epithelial cells appears to be effected by the interaction of polyanionic components on the surface of both the bacterial and epithelial cells.
Integrating Gut Microbiota and Host Immune Markers for Highly Accurate Diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile Infection (2020)

Abstract Exposure to Clostridioides difficile can result in asymptomatic carriage or infection with symptoms ranging from mild diarrhea to fulminant pseudomembranous colitis. A reliable diagnostic approach for C. difficile infection (CDI) remains controversial. Accurate diagnosis is paramount not only for patient management but also for epidemiology and disease research. Here, we characterized gut microbial compositions and a broad panel of innate and adaptive immunological markers in 243 well-characterized human subjects, who were divided into four phenotype groups: CDI, Asymptomatic Carriage, Non-CDI Diarrhea, and Control. We found that CDI is associated with alteration of many different aspects of the gut microbiota, including overall microbial diversity and microbial association networks. We demonstrated that incorporating both gut microbiome and host immune marker data into classification models can better distinguish CDI from other groups than can either type of data alone. Our classification models display robust diagnostic performance to differentiate CDI from Asymptomatic carriage (AUC~0.916), Non-CDI Diarrhea (AUC~0.917), or Non-CDI that combines all other three groups (AUC~0.929). Finally, we performed symbolic classification using selected features to derive simple mathematic formulas for highly accurate CDI diagnosis. Overall, this study provides evidence supporting important roles of gut microbiota and host immune markers in CDI diagnosis, which may also inform the design of future therapeutic strategies. One Sentence Summary Incorporating both gut microbiome and host immune marker data into classification models can better distinguish CDI from other groups than can either type of data alone.
Path Loss Analysis and Transceiver Development for Human Body Communication-Based Signal Transmission for Wearable Robot Control (2021)

Human body communication (HBC) technology is attracting a lot of attention for monitoring vital data and controlling wearable robot. In this paper, we focused on electroencephalogram (EEG) signal transmission from head to wrist in the 10-60 MHz HBC band. This is based on an idea to transmit an EEG signal to control a wearable robot. First, we clarified the basic transmission mechanism and characteristics using a highly simplified human body model. Next, we performed a detailed path loss analysis by finite difference time domain simulation using an anatomical human body model with various postures. Based on the analysis results, we identified the optimum transmitter position on the head and developed an impulse radio transceiver for verifying the feasibility of the technique. The results show that the developed transceiver can provide a data rate of 10 Mbps and the bit error rate can be kept below 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> for transmitting the EEG signals from the head to the wrist. Experimental validation with a bio-equivalent gel phantom also demonstrated high feasibility of transmitting the EEG signals along the human arm.
Integrating Traditional Medicine into Modern Inflammatory Diseases Care: Multitargeting byRhus vernicifluaStokes (2014)

Despite the fact that numerous researches were performed on prevention and treatment of inflammation related diseases, the overall incidence has not changed remarkably. This requires new approaches to overcome inflammation mediated diseases, and thus traditional medicine could be an efficacious source for prevention and treatment of these diseases. In this review, we discuss the contribution of traditional medicine, especially Rhus verniciflua Stokes, to modern medicine against diverse inflammation mediated diseases. Traditionally, this remedy has been used in Eastern Asia for the treatment of gastric problems, hepatic disorders, infectious diseases, and blood disorders. Modern science has provided the scientific basis for the use of Rhus verniciflua Stokes against such disorders and diseases. Various chemical constituents have been identified from this plant, including phenolic acid, and flavonoids. Cell-based studies have exhibited the potential of this as antibacterial, antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, growth inhibitory, and anticancer activities. Enormous animal studies have shown the potential of this against proinflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, liver diseases, and chemical insults. At the molecular level, this medicinal plant has been shown to modulate diverse cell-signaling pathways. In clinical studies, Rhus verniciflua Stokes has shown efficacy against various cancer patients such as colorectal, gastric, hepatic, renal, pancreatic, and pulmonary cancers. Thus, this remedy is now exhibiting activities in the clinic.
The implementation of hierarchical schedulers in the RED-Linux scheduling framework (2002)

Hierarchical schedulers are useful to integrate different scheduling paradigms together. The original RED-Linux general scheduling framework does not support hierarchical schedulers efficiently because the dispatcher cannot tell whether a job is an aperiodic job or a real-time job. In the work reported in this paper, we add an extra parameter, the group number, to the RED-Linux scheduling framework in order to identify the type of jobs. This mechanism does not introduce any overhead to normal real-time tasks and only a constant overhead per job for hierarchical jobs. We discuss how to implement hierarchical schedulers and how to use this extension to support sporadic schedulers. We also discuss various versions of the sporadic server algorithm.
Auxin transport inhibitors impair vesicle motility and actin cytoskeleton dynamics in diverse eukaryotes (2008)

Many aspects of plant development, including patterning and tropisms, are largely dependent on the asymmetric distribution of the plant signaling molecule auxin. Auxin transport inhibitors (ATIs), which interfere with directional auxin transport, have been essential tools in formulating this concept. However, despite the use of ATIs in plant research for many decades, the mechanism of ATI action has remained largely elusive. Using real-time live-cell microscopy, we show here that prominent ATIs such as 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) and 2-(1-pyrenoyl) benzoic acid (PBA) inhibit vesicle trafficking in plant, yeast, and mammalian cells. Effects on micropinocytosis, rab5-labeled endosomal motility at the periphery of HeLa cells and on fibroblast mobility indicate that ATIs influence actin cytoskeleton. Visualization of actin cytoskeleton dynamics in plants, yeast, and mammalian cells show that ATIs stabilize actin. Conversely, stabilizing actin by chemical or genetic means interferes with endocytosis, vesicle motility, auxin transport, and plant development, including auxin transport-dependent processes. Our results show that a class of ATIs act as actin stabilizers and advocate that actin-dependent trafficking of auxin transport components participates in the mechanism of auxin transport. These studies also provide an example of how the common eukaryotic process of actin-based vesicle motility can fulfill a plant-specific physiological role.
Dialogue History Matters! Personalized Response Selection in Multi-Turn Retrieval-Based Chatbots (2021)

Existing multi-turn context-response matching methods mainly concentrate on obtaining multi-level and multi-dimension representations and better interactions between context utterances and response. However, in real-place conversation scenarios, whether a response candidate is suitable not only counts on the given dialogue context but also other backgrounds, e.g., wording habits, user-specific dialogue history content. To fill the gap between these up-to-date methods and the real-world applications, we incorporate user-specific dialogue history into the response selection and propose a personalized hybrid matching network (PHMN). Our contributions are two-fold: (1) our model extracts personalized wording behaviors from user-specific dialogue history as extra matching information; (2) we perform hybrid representation learning on context-response utterances and explicitly incorporate a customized attention mechanism to extract vital information from context-response interactions so as to improve the accuracy of matching. We evaluate our model on two large datasets with user identification, i.e., personalized Ubuntu dialogue Corpus (P-Ubuntu) and personalized Weibo dataset (P-Weibo). Experimental results confirm that our method significantly outperforms several strong models by combining personalized attention, wording behaviors, and hybrid representation learning.
Effective and sustainable Cs+ remediation via exchangeable sodium-ion sites in graphene oxide fibers (2019)

A monovalent sodium embedded graphene oxide fiber structure is reported for fast-acting and consistently reusable Cs<sup>+</sup> remediation functionality.
The basal keratin network of stratified squamous epithelia: defining K15 function in the absence of K14. (1995)

Keratin 5 and keratin 14 have been touted as the hallmarks of the basal keratin networks of all stratified squamous epithelia. Absence of K14 gives rise to epidermolysis bullosa simplex, a human blistering skin disorder involving cytolysis in the basal layer of epidermis. To address the puzzling question of why this disease is primarily manifested in skin rather than other stratified squamous epithelia, we ablated the K14 gene in mice and examined various tissues expressing this gene. We show that a key factor is the presence of another keratin, K15, which was hitherto unappreciated as a basal cell component. We show that the levels of K15 relative to K14 vary dramatically among stratified squamous epithelial tissues, and with neonatal development. In the absence of K14, K15 makes a bona fide, but ultrastructurally distinct, keratin filament network with K5. In the epidermis of neonatal mutant mice, K15 levels are low and do not compensate for the loss of K14. In contrast, the esophagus is unaffected in the neonatal mutant mice, but does appear to be fragile in the adult. Parallel to this phenomenon is that esophageal K14 is expressed at extremely low levels in the neonate, but rises in postnatal development. Finally, despite previous conclusions that the formation of suprabasal keratin filaments might depend upon K5/K14, we find that a wide variety of suprabasal networks composed of different keratins can form in the absence of K14 in the basal layer.
Anomalous Ligand Acceleration on Cinchona-modified Pd/C during Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Properly Substituted Phenylcinnamic Acid (2013)

Abstract The hydrogenation of 4,4′-dimethoxy-α-phenylcinnamic acid over Pd/C showed a large ligand acceleration effect when a cinchonidine modifier was used; the hydrogen rate increased to 370% relative to the reaction rate on unmodified Pd/C and resulted in a 91% enantiomeric excess (ee). Another good substrate, 4-fluoro-2′-methoxyphenylcinnamic acid, also resulted in a high ee value of 92%; however, the rate increased only to 230% when this modifier was used. On the basis of the difference in the degree to which the reaction rate was accelerated, the eemax for each substrate was analyzed.
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 Plasma Levels and Outcome after Ischemic Stroke (2011)

These data show for the first time that the circulating levels of GDF-15 are elevated and associated with neurological outcome in patients with ischemic stroke.
One-dimensional model for the ultrasonic response of resin-filled gaps in automated tape layup composites (2017)

Automated tow placement has become a widely-used fabrication technique, especially for large aerospace structures. Robotic heads lay down strips (tows) of pre-impregnated fiber along programmed paths. The intention is to lay adjacent tows abutted to one another, but sometimes a gap is left between a tow and the previously-placed tow. If a tow gap exists, it fills with resin during cure, forming a fiber-free volume. In immersion ultrasonic pulse-echo measurements of a cured laminate, the gap can be observed to produce a noticeable echo, without significantly attenuating the back-wall reflection of the laminate. To understand this behavior, we considered a one-dimensional model of the composite laminate, with a thin layer having the ultrasonic sound speed and density of neat resin, sandwiched between two layers of material having the sound speed and density of fiber-reinforced composite and surrounded on both sides by water. Neglecting attenuation, we considered the transmission and reflection coefficients of each interface, as well as that of the thin resin layer. Using the initial water/composite reflection as a reference, we computed the relative magnitude of the back surface/water reflection in the presence and in the absence of a resin-only layer, as well as the relative magnitude of the reflection arising from a thin resin layer in composite. While the one-dimensional model did not fully match the measurements, it did qualitatively explain the observed behavior.
Differences in atrial versus ventricular remodeling in dogs with ventricular tachypacing-induced congestive heart failure (2004)

There are qualitative and quantitative differences in atrial versus ventricular remodeling in experimental ventricular tachypacing-induced CHF, with potentially important consequences for understanding underlying mechanisms and developing new therapeutic approaches.
Removable Phosphine Reagents for the Mitsunobu Reaction (2003)

We have developed a novel triphenylphosphine replacement for the Mitsunobu reaction. We have demonstrated that 4-diphenylphosphanyl-benzoic acid 2-trimethylsilanyl-ethyl ester (DPPBE) is an efficient reagent and greatly facilitates the isolation of the desired product.
Mg implant activation and diffusion in GaAs during rapid thermal annealing in arsine ambient (1990)

Rapid thermal annealing of GaAs in an arsine ambient has been investigated. Uncapped 2-in. GaAs wafers were annealed in an arsine-N2 gas mixture up to annealing temperatures of 1100 °C and annealing times of 10 s. No surface decomposition occurred at an arsine partial pressure of 12.5 Torr. This capless annealing technique was employed to the activation of shallow Mg implants in GaAs. The sheet resistance of the annealed layers as a function of the annealing temperature reveals a minimum at approximately 930 °C. At higher temperatures diffusion of Mg becomes significant. A part of the Mg accumulates at the GaAs surface and diffuses out. The Mg loss due to outdiffusion can be reduced using Si3 N4 cap layers. The internal diffusion of Mg at high temperatures depends on the arsenic pressure during the annealing.
NeuroMAX: A High Throughput, Multi-Threaded, Log-Based Accelerator for Convolutional Neural Networks (2020)

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) require high throughput hardware accelerators for real time applications owing to their huge computational cost. Most traditional CNN accelerators rely on single core, linear processing elements (PEs) in conjunction with 1D dataflows for accelerating convolution operations. This limits the maximum achievable ratio of peak throughput per PE count to unity. Most of the past works optimize their dataflows to attain close to a 100% hardware utilization to reach this ratio. In this paper, we introduce a high throughput, multi-threaded, log-based PE core. The designed core provides a 200% increase in peak throughput per PE count while only incurring a 6% increase in area overhead compared to a single, linear multiplier PE core with same output bit precision. We also present a 2D weight broadcast dataflow which exploits the multi-threaded nature of the PE cores to achieve a high hardware utilization per layer for various CNNs. The entire architecture, which we refer to as NeuroMAX, is implemented on Xilinx Zynq 7020 SoC at 200 MHz processing clock. Detailed analysis is performed on throughput, hardware utilization, area and power breakdown, and latency to show performance improvement compared to previous FPGA and ASIC designs.
Blood will out: vascular contributions to Alzheimer’s disease (2018)

The fundamental pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is neuronal dysfunction leading to cognitive impairment. The amyloid-β peptide (Aβ), derived from amyloid precursor protein, is one driver of AD, but how it leads to neuronal dysfunction is not established. In this Review, I discuss the complexity of AD and possible cause-and-effect relationships between Aβ and the vascular and hemostatic systems. AD can be considered a multifactorial syndrome with various contributing pathological mechanisms. Therefore, as is routinely done with cancer, it will be important to classify patients with respect to their disease signature so that specific pathologies, including vascular pathways, can be therapeutically targeted.