gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distributed Robust Set-Invariance for Interconnected Linear Systems (2018)

We introduce a class of distributed control policies for networks of discrete-time linear systems with polytopic additive disturbances. The objective is to restrict the network-level state and controls to user-specified polyhedral sets for all times. This problem arises in many safety-critical applications. We consider two problems. First, given a communication graph characterizing the structure of the information flow in the network, we find the optimal distributed control policy by solving a single linear program. Second, we find the sparsest communication graph required for the existence of a distributed invariance-inducing control policy. Illustrative examples, including one on platooning, are presented.
METHANE FLAME PROPAGATION IN COMPOSITIONALLY STRATIFIED GASES (2005)

ABSTRACT Flame propagation in compositionally stratified methane-air mixtures was studied experimentally as a function of the equivalence ratio distribution in the unburnt mixture. Stratification was established in a controlled manner using a convective-diffusive balance in a very slow fuel-air mixture flow in an optically accessible test chamber. The flame speed was shown to be significantly higher than the one corresponding to a homogeneous mixture of the local equivalence ratio for mixture compositions close to the lean flammability limit. Also a significant extension of the lean flammability limit was observed. It was established that the local spatial gradient of the equivalence ratio was not sufficient to describe the departure of stratified combustion from quasi-homogeneity. Instead, an appropriately defined integral parameter that depended on the history of flame propagation was shown to determine when the flame could not be treated as a series of premixed flamelets propagating at the local adiabatic flame speed.
Supplementary Table 1 from Novel Role of MDA-9/Syntenin in Regulating Urothelial Cell Proliferation by Modulating EGFR Signaling (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 133K, Table S1. Clinical characteristics and expression level of MDA-9/Syntenin in primary UCC tumors&lt;/p&gt;
Prognostic factors in postoperative radiotherapy for prostate cancer – tertiary center experience (2021)

The Pre-RT PSA level, pT3 characteristic and local failure as salvage indication are pivotal prognostic factors associated with increased risk of recurrence or progression. The Gleason grade group of 4-5 and PSA nadir value allow for further risk stratification. The treatment outcomes in postoperative prostate cancer irradiation are significantly different depending on treatment indication. An online nomogram comprising of both pre-treatment and current data was developed allowing for visualization of changes in prognosis depending on clinical data.
Cancer stem cells and the tumor microenvironment: interplay in tumor heterogeneity (2015)

Tumor cells able to recapitulate tumor heterogeneity have been tracked, isolated and characterized in different tumor types, and are commonly named Cancer Stem Cells or Cancer Initiating Cells (CSC/CIC). CSC/CIC are disseminated in the tumor mass and are resistant to anti-cancer therapies and adverse conditions. They are able to divide into another stem cell and a "proliferating" cancer cell. They appear to be responsible for disease recurrence and metastatic dissemination even after apparent eradication of the primary tumor. The modulation of CSC/CIC activities by the tumor microenvironment (TUMIC) is still poorly known. CSC/CIC may mutually interact with the TUMIC in a special and unique manner depending on the TUMIC cells or proteins encountered. The TUMIC consists of extracellular matrix components as well as cellular players among which endothelial, stromal and immune cells, providing and responding to signals to/from the CSC/CIC. This interplay can contribute to the mechanisms through which CSC/CIC may reside in a dormant state in a tissue for years, later giving rise to tumor recurrence or metastasis in patients. Different TUMIC components, including the connective tissue, can differentially activate CIC/CSC in different areas of a tumor and contribute to the generation of cancer heterogeneity. Here, we review possible networking activities between the different components of the tumor microenvironment and CSC/CIC, with a focus on its role in tumor heterogeneity and progression. We also summarize novel therapeutic options that could target both CSC/CIC and the microenvironment to elude resistance mechanisms activated by CSC/CIC, responsible for disease recurrence and metastases.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 16‐MEMBERED RING MACROLIDE ANTIBIOTICS. I. STEREOSELECTIVE CONSTRUCTION OF THE “RIGHT WING” OF THE CARBOMYCINS AND LEUCOMYCINS FROM D‐GLUCOSE (1979)

Abstract Aus D‐Glucose läßt sich leicht eine Zwischenstufe (I) gewinnen, die nach Hydroborierung zu (II) in einen Ester (III) umgewandelt und weiter zu (IV) hydrolysiert werden kann.
FGF7/KGF triggers cell transformation and invasion on immortalised human prostatic epithelial PNT1A cells (1999)

Fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7/KGF) is synthesized exclusively by fibroblasts in normal tissues; it acts as a potent mitogen on epithelial cells, through interaction with the FGF7-specific receptor FGFR2/IIIb. To examine the importance of this growth factor both to prostate physiology and to prostate-cancer progression, we have tested the exogenous effect of FGF7. Thus, by mimicking the paracrine pathway (on proliferation, growth in soft agar and invasion) on the human prostatic epithelial cell line PNT1A positively checked for FGFR2/IIIb expression, FGF7 significantly enhanced cell proliferation at an optimal concentration of 7.5 x 10(-11) M, but no significant invasion or growth in soft agar were observed. To confirm FGF7 properties on human prostatic epithelial cells, we constitutively expressed FGF7 by transfecting PNT1A cells with FGF7-cDNA. The FGF7-transfected clones, PNT1A/ FGF7-T5 and PNT1A/FGF7-T6, were stable and expressed FGF7. Analysis of the FGF7-autocrine loop on the non-tumorigenic epithelial cells PNT1A showed acquired invasive potential in in vitro extracellular-matrix migration assays, specifically inhibited by an FGF7-neutralizing antibody, and over-expressed factors implicated in the migration process: the metalloproteinase MMP-1 and the plasminogen activator uPA. Taken together, these results demonstrate a role for FGF7 in triggering invasion of human prostatic epithelial cells. Furthermore, these FGF7-transfected clones exhibited functional and physiological differences from the original PNT1A cell line: anchorage-independent growth, growth in serum-free media and increased proliferation. These data confirm the oncogenic function of FGF7 in prostate progression potentially acting through paracrine and/or autocrine regulatory pathways.
Compressive Phase Retrieval via Generalized Approximate Message Passing (2014)

In phase retrieval, the goal is to recover a signal x ∈ C <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</sup> from the magnitudes of linear measurements Ax ∈ C <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M</sup> . While recent theory has established that M ≈ 4N intensity measurements are necessary and sufficient to recover generic x, there is great interest in reducing the number of measurements through the exploitation of sparse \mbi x, which is known as compressive phase retrieval. In this work, we detail a novel, probabilistic approach to compressive phase retrieval based on the generalized approximate message passing (GAMP) algorithm. We then present a numerical study of the proposed PR-GAMP algorithm, demonstrating its excellent phase-transition behavior, robustness to noise, and runtime. Our experiments suggest that approximately M ≥ 2 Klog <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (N/K) intensity measurements suffice to recover K-sparse Bernoulli-Gaussian signals for \mbi A with i.i.d Gaussian entries and K ≪ N. Meanwhile, when recovering a 6678-sparse 65536-pixel grayscale image from 32768 randomly masked and blurred Fourier intensity measurements at 30 dB measurement SNR, PR-GAMP achieved an output SNR of no less than 28 dB in all of 100 random trials, with a median runtime of only 7.3 seconds. Compared to the recently proposed CPRL, sparse-Fienup, and GESPAR algorithms, our experiments suggest that PR-GAMP has a superior phase transition and orders-of-magnitude faster runtimes as the sparsity and problem dimensions increase.
Cardiac Pacing for Prevention of Recurrent Vasovagal Syncope (1995)

The usefulness of cardiac pacing for patients with recurrent vasovagal syncope remains only partly understood. Randomized controlled trials are needed for this and other aspects of the treatment of this condition. Additionally, substantial room remains for innovation both in earlier recognition of imminent vasovagal syncope by implantable devices and in specifically designing cardiac pacing algorithms for treatment of this condition.
Polymorphic Role of P2Y6 Receptor in Insulin Sensitive Organs—Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle (2018)

Adipose tissue and skeletal muscle are the two largest insulin-sensitive organs in the body. They play a major role in maintaining whole body glucose and energy homeostasis. Insulin action results in glucose disposal principally in skeletal muscle and to a lesser extent in adipose tissue. Dysregulation of this function promotes the development of obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Many G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are expressed in insulin sensitive organs and thus have emerged as potential targets for novel antidiabetic drugs. P2Y purinergic receptors are a class of GPCRs activated by nucleotides and nucleotide sugars. The purinergic P2Y6 receptor (P2Y6R) is activated by uridine 5’-diphosphate. The potential role of P2Y6R in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle with respect to maintaining whole body glucose homeostasis remains unexplored. To address this issue, we used Cre/loxP technology to generate mice that lack P2Y6R selectively in adipose tissue (AT-Y6-KO) or skeletal muscle (SK-Y6-KO). Interestingly, AT-Y6-KO mice consuming a high fat diet gained less weight, while SK-Y6-KO mice gained more weight than the corresponding control mice. Body composition revealed that the difference in body weight was due to loss or gain in fat mass in AT-Y6-KO and SK-Y6-KO mice, respectively. Improved vs. impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity was observed in AT-Y6-KO and SK-Y6-KO mice, respectively. Moreover, fasting blood glucose and fed plasma insulin levels were decreased in AT-Y6-KO mice. SK-Y6-KO mice showed elevated blood glucose and plasma insulin levels under both fasting and fed conditions. Detailed mechanistic studies are required for understanding the role of P2Y6R in metabolic tissues and to alter its function for therapeutic purposes. Disclosure S. Jain: None. J. Wess: None. K.A. Jacobson: None.
An Object-Oriented Approach to Simulator Postprocessing (1994)

Summary An interactive, graphical software package provides the ability to view production well data generated by reservoir simulation. The program (KEYPLOT-X) includes several novel concepts, such as use of object-oriented technology for graphical software and a direct-access database structure. The entire application is constructed from a library of elemental objects. Inheritance of properties between objects produces extremely modular code, which greatly enhances maintenance and extendibility. The database has a direct-access hierarchical structure that is object-oriented, simplifying the data access protocol to provide rapid interactivity between the database, applications, and user interface. The overall approach has provided a high degree of functionality and flexibility to engineering applications and a manageable software structure for maintenance and development.
Méthodes d'analyse des signaux de Patch-Clamp à temps discret (1989)

L'objectif consiste a appliquer a des signaux echantillonnes des methodes connues d'analyse des signaux de patch-clamp a temps continu et de developper de nouvelles analyses sur des signaux tres bruites
Lightwave Device Technology (1987)

High-performance, reliable lightwave devices are the foundation of the current lightwave revolution in communications. The advances in semiconductor laser, LED (light-emitting diode), and photodetector technologies and their role in the evolution of lightwave system architecture are described.
Multiple component analysis of fiber length distributions (1997)

Ten male and ten female young adults trained the knee extensors of one leg eccentrically and those of the other concentrically for 6 weeks, using a gymnasium leg-extension machine. Before and after training, both legs of each subject were tested isometrically for maximum voluntary knee-extensor force, and in both eccentric and concentric isokinetic modes at 30-250 degrees x s(-1) All limbs showed improvements in mean eccentric force (ranging from 18% in the concentrically trained legs of the females to 31% in the eccentrically trained legs of the males, P < 0.01-0.001). Upward trends in isometric and concentric forces were smaller and less- or nonsignificant. In three of the four groups, mean eccentric forces after training were significantly greater than mean isometric forces, a difference that was not evident before training. Ten further subjects of each gender, not trained but tested isometrically and isokinetically three times in 2 weeks, showed no significant improvement over the series of tests. The explanation suggested is that the increased percentage activation ("decreased inhibition"), often regarded as the main mechanism of strength gain in the early weeks of training, had been displayed particularly in the subjects' eccentric performance. This implies that the activation-shortfall, which is reduced by the initial phase of strength training, is largely or completely the same as that responsible for the fact that untrained, voluntary eccentric force is less than that of isolated muscle.
Pb displacements in Pb(Zr,Ti)O3perovskites (1996)

Electron-paramagnetic-resonance spectroscopy, band-structure calculations, polarization-voltage measurements, and charge injection experiments are used to show that ${\mathrm{Pb}}^{2+}$ ion displacements are critical to the ferroelectric behavior of Pb(Zr,Ti)${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$. The displacements of the ${\mathrm{Pb}}^{2+}$ ions are followed by analyzing the hyperfine and superhyperfine interactions of the photoinduced ${\mathrm{Pb}}^{3+}$ center. The ferroelectric contribution of ${\mathrm{Pb}}^{2+}$ arises because Pb retains its 6s valence electrons which then hybridize with the O 2p states to create a high effective charge. This contrasts with other perovskites in which the A ion in other ${\mathit{ABO}}_{3}$ perovskite structures possesses an inert gas configuration and retains its classical ionic charge. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Aldo−Keto Reductase- and Cytochrome P450-Dependent Formation of Benzo[a]pyrene-Derived DNA Adducts in Human Bronchoalveolar Cells (2007)

There is substantial evidence to suggest that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) induce lung cancer through metabolic activation. As part of a program to delineate the routes of PAH activation, we have examined DNA adducts that are formed in human lung cells. A stable isotope dilution liquid chromatography/multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry method was used to quantify eight anti-7,8-dihydroxy-9,10-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-B[a]P (B[a]PDE)-derived DNA adducts in four H358 human bronchoalveolar cell lines with different phenotypes. In P450 1A1/P450 1B1-induced H358 cells exposed to (+/-)-B[a]P-7,8-dihydro-7,8-diol (B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol), (+)-anti-trans-B[a]PDE-N2-2'-deoxyguanosine [(+)-anti-trans-B[a]PDE-N2-dGuo] was the major DNA adduct, and it formed with no lag phase. In AKR1A1-transfected H358 cells, (+)-anti-trans-B[a]PDE-N2-dGuo was also the major adduct with a 3 h lag phase before significant adduct formation was detected. In AKR1A1-transfected H358 cells with induced P450 1A1/P450 1B1, (+)-anti-trans-B[a]PDE-N2-dGuo was formed with no lag phase in amounts similar to those in the H358 cells with up-regulated P450 1A1/P450 1B1. Surprisingly, the greatest amount of (+)-anti-trans-B[a]PDE-N2-dGuo was formed in the control H358 cells. Furthermore, (+)-anti-trans-B[a]PDE-N2-dGuo formation was 2-fold higher in (-)-B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol-exposed H358 cells when compared with (+/-)-B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol-exposed cells. The P450 1A1/1B1 inhibitor 2,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene did not attenuate DNA adduct formation in the control H358 cells, suggesting that another P450 was responsible. These data raise the intriguing possibility that P450 1A1/P450 1B1 and AKR1A1 may be protective against (+)-B[a]PDE-mediated DNA damage.
Petascale Computing: Impact on Future NASA Missions (2007)

To support its diverse mission-critical requirements, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) solves some of the most unique, computationally challenging problems in the world [8]. To facilitate rapid yet accurate solutions for these demanding applications, the U.S. space agency procured a 10,240-CPU supercomputer in October 2004, dubbed Columbia. Housed in the NASA Advanced Supercomputing facility at NASA Ames Research Center, Columbia is comprised of twenty 512-processor nodes (representing three generations of SGI Altix technology: 3700, 3700-BX2, and 4700), with a combined peak processing capability of 63.2 teraﬂops per second (TFLOPS). However, for many applications, even this high-powered computational workhorse, currently ranked as one of the fastest in the world, does nothave enough computing capacity, memory size, and bandwidth rates needed to meet all of NASA’s diverse and demanding future mission requirements.
Primary biliary cirrhosis in HBV and HCV patients: Clinical characteristics and outcome (2013)

PBC diagnosis in HBV or HCV patients is very difficult and usually delayed. Therefore, in any case, cholestasis should alert physicians to further search for PBC.
Aqueous Two-Phase Systems (2000)

A mixture of two polymers, or one polymer and a salt, in an aqueous medium separates into two phases: this phenomenon is useful in biotechn- ogy for product separations. Separation of biological molec
Supplementary Figure 8 from AXL Is an Essential Factor and Therapeutic Target for Metastatic Ovarian Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure 8 from AXL Is an Essential Factor and Therapeutic Target for Metastatic Ovarian Cancer
α−γ Disorder in Isotactic Polypropylene Crystallized under High Pressure (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTα−γ Disorder in Isotactic Polypropylene Crystallized under High PressureStefano V. Meille, Paul J. Phillips, Khaled Mezghani, and Sergio BrücknerView Author Information Dipartimento di Chimica, Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37901-2000 Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Udine, via del Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, ItalyCite this: Macromolecules 1996, 29, 2, 795–797Publication Date (Web):January 15, 1996Publication History Received8 August 1995Revised18 October 1995Published online15 January 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma951168lhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma951168lbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views240Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Crystal structure,Crystals,Diseases and disorders,Physical and chemical processes,Vesicles Get e-Alerts
Protease‐Activated Receptor‐3 (PAR‐3) Acts as an Allosteric Modulator of PAR‐1 Signaling Via Receptor Dimerization (2007)

Thrombin activates endothelial cells by cleavage of protease‐activated receptors (PARs). Three PAR isoforms, PAR‐1, ‐2 and ‐3, are expressed in the endothelium. We addressed how these receptors interact at the receptor/G‐protein level to regulate G‐protein selectivity using bioluminescent resonance energy transfer‐2 (BRET2). We show for the first time that PAR‐1, ‐2, and ‐3 are expressed as constitutive homo‐ and hetero‐dimers. We also observed differences in receptor desensitization and G13 coupling between PAR‐1/‐1 and PAR‐1/‐3 dimers, suggesting a model in which PAR‐3 directly interacts with PAR‐1 to alter the PAR‐1/G13 binding conformation and thereby regulate signaling. We interrogated this model using an siRNA approach in endothelial cells, demonstrating a role for PAR‐3 in altering the sensitivity of endothelial cells to thrombin, thereby augmenting the increase in endothelial permeability. Thus, novel strategies targeting PAR‐3 function may prove to be useful in preventing vascular inflammation induced by PAR‐1 activation.
Activation of olfactory‐type cyclic nucleotide‐gated channels is highly cooperative (2005)

Cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) ion channels play a key role in the sensory transduction of vision and olfaction. The channels are opened by the binding of cyclic nucleotides. Native olfactory CNG channels are heterotetramers of CNGA2, CNGA4, and CNGB1b subunits. Upon heterologous expression, only CNGA2 subunits can form functional homotetrameric channels. It is presently not known how the binding of the ligands to the four subunits is translated to channel opening. We studied activation of olfactory CNG channels by photolysis-induced jumps of cGMP or cAMP, two cyclic nucleotides with markedly different apparent affinity. It is shown that at equal degree of activation, the activation time course of homotetrameric channels is similar with cGMP and cAMP and it is also similar in homo- and heterotetrameric channels with the same cyclic nucleotide. Kinetic models were globally fitted to activation time courses of homotetrameric channels. While all models containing equivalent binding sites failed, a model containing three binding sites with a ligand affinity high-low-high described the data adequately. Only the second binding step switches from a very low to a very high open probability. We propose a unique gating mechanism for homotetrameric and heterotetrameric channels that involves only three highly cooperative binding steps.