gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Evaluation of an Electronic Patient Prioritization Tool for Pediatric Emergency Department (2018)

The study presents the evaluation of the reliability of the information displayed on the user interface of a homegrown electronic patient prioritization tool dedicated to pediatric emergency department (namely Optimum). Two ergonomists shadowed physicians and nurses throughout their shift in order to (i) identify consistencies and discrepancies between the actual step of the patients in the care process and their assigned step in Optimum and (ii) to understand the causes of the discrepancies. Even if some discrepancies are noted, results show that Optimum provides a quite good reflection of the actual position of the patients in the care process. The use of ethnographic methods allows to understand the cause of the discrepancies.
Biosynthesis of salvinorin A (2020)

Abstract Salvia divinorum plants were exposed to a synthetic atmosphere containing 600 ppm 13 CO 2 for 4 hours with white light illumination and were subsequently cultured for a chase period of 10 days under standard greenhouse conditions. Salvinorin A was obtained by solvent extraction of the leaves and was purified chromatographically. The isotopolgue composition of salvinorin A was determined by NMR spectroscopy. The presence of multiply 13 C-labeled isotopologues in considerable excess over their natural occurrence showed that the 13 C labeling pulse had afforded multiply 13 C-labeled biosynthate. Consecutive catabolic and anabolic reactions during the chase period afforded salvinorin A that was a mosaic revealing its origin from a mixture of labeled and unlabeled precursors. The presence of triple labeled isotopologues demonstrated that the IPP and DMAPP precursors of the diterpene, salvinorin A, were predominantly biosynthesized via the recently discovered non-mevalonate pathway.
Self-organized growth of regular nanometer-scale InAs dots on GaAs (1994)

The deposition of InAs on GaAs proceeds first by two-dimensional (2D) growth and above a 1.75-monolayer coverage by the formation of single-crystal dots on a residual 2D wetting layer. By atomic force microscopy measurements, we show that the first dots formed are in the quantum size range (height 30 Å, half-base 120 Å), that the dispersion on their sizes is remarkably low (±10%), and that they are located fairly regularly (interdot distance 600 Å). Upon further growth, density and shapes do not change but sizes increase up to double values before coalescence occurs. Self-organized growth in strained structures is then shown to be a simple and efficient way of building regular quantum dots.
Oxygen species in Cs/O activated gallium nitride (GaN) negative electron affinity photocathodes (2003)

Negative electron affinity (NEA) photocathode electron sources operating within sealed off tubes (closed vacuum) and demountable vacuum systems (open vacuum), suffer from different factors that affect the initial high performance and longevity. To aid in the understanding of the factors affecting an open vacuum system, the chemistry of a cesium and oxygen (Cs/O) adlayer was investigated, focusing on the role of oxygen during the NEA co-deposition process (activation) and operation of a GaN (0001) emitter. Synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy and a focused mercury arc discharge lamp are used for analyzing surface chemical species and total quantum yield, respectively, as the photocathode ages. The results for the activation within a demountable vacuum system indicated: (1) oxygen concentration increased over time on the Cs/O activated surface independent of the starting substrate as observed in related studies of InP (100) and GaAs (100), (2) the dominant initial oxygen species is assigned to an ion of molecular oxygen (di-oxygen) in the Cs/O activation layer having −2 charge state that changes to the −1 charge state as the quantum yield decays, and (3) the chemical changes of the Cs/O adlayer are not accompanied by a significant loss of cesium from the surface, but instead an increase in oxygen from the open vacuum system occurred. We present a chemical model for the activation layers and their transformation over time consistent with observations (1) through (3). The quantum efficiency (QE) from the GaN (0001) photocathode remained constant within a few percent over a 10 h period at ⩾20% QE and decayed by less than a factor of 2 over the subsequent 7 h as the chemical changes at the surface took place. The slowly decreasing monotonic yield gives preliminary evidence that GaN is a prospect for a more robust emitter. A long lived photocathode of this type offers near constant quantum yield over several hours when operating within open vacuum conditions by simply adjusting laser power with a feedback circuit. On the other hand, this decay can most certainly be avoided in sealed tubes by maintaining a pristine closed off environment with the proper over pressure of Cs. A detailed account of the effects of the chemical changes in the Cs/O adlayer on the resulting emission properties for GaAs and GaN (open vacuum) are discussed in a separate report [F. Machuca et al., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 20, 2721 (2002)].
Experiments on the Motion of Drops on a Horizontal Solid Surface Due to a Wettability Gradient (2006)

Results from experiments performed on the motion of drops of tetraethylene glycol in a wettability gradient present on a silicon surface are reported and compared with predictions from a recently developed theoretical model. The gradient in wettability was formed by exposing strips cut from a silicon wafer to dodecyltrichlorosilane vapors. Video images of the drops captured during the experiments were subsequently analyzed for drop size and velocity as functions of position along the gradient. In separate experiments on the same strips, the static contact angle formed by small drops was measured and used to obtain the local wettability gradient to which a drop is subjected. The velocity of the drops was found to be a strong function of position along the gradient. A quasi-steady theoretical model that balances the local hydrodynamic resistance with the local driving force generally describes the observations; possible reasons for the remaining discrepancies are discussed. It is shown that a model in which the driving force is reduced to accommodate the hysteresis effect inferred from the data is able to remove most of the discrepancy between the observed and predicted velocities.
Nuclear Localisation Sequence Templated Nonviral Gene Delivery Vectors: Investigation of Intracellular Trafficking Events of LMD and LD Vector Systems (2003)

The impact of a peptide that contains a nuclear localisation sequence (NLS) on intracellular DNA trafficking was studied. We used the adenoviral core peptide mu and an SV40 NLS peptide to condense plasmid DNA (pDNA) prior to formulation with 3beta-[N-(N', N'-dimethylaminoethane)carbamoyl]cholesterol/dioleoyl-L-alpha-phosphatidyl ethanolamine (DC-Chol/DOPE) liposomes to give LMD and LND vectors, respectively. Fluorescent-labelled lipid and peptides plus dye-labelled pDNA components were used to investigate gene delivery in dividing and S-phase growth-arrested cells. Confocal microscopic analyses reveal little difference in intracellular trafficking events. Strikingly, mu peptide associates with nuclei and nucleoli of cells within less than 15 mins incubation of LMD with cells, which suggests that mu peptide has an NLS function. These NLS properties were confirmed by cloning of a mu-beta-galactosidase fusion protein that localises in the nuclei of cells after cytosolic translation. In dividing cells both LMD and LND deliver pDNA(Cy3) to nuclei within 30-45 min incubation with cells. By contrast, pDNA is detected only in the cytoplasm in growth-arrested cells over the period of time investigated, and not in the nuclei. LD systems prepared from DC-Chol/DOPE cationic liposomes and pDNA(Cy3) behave similarly to LMD systems, which suggests that mu peptide is unable to influence trafficking events in this current LMD formulation, in spite of its strong NLS capacity. We further describe the effect of polyethyleneglycol (PEG) on cellular uptake. "Stealth" systems obtained by post-coating LMD particles with fluorescent-labelled PEG molecules (0.5, 5 and 10 mol % fluorescein-PEG(5000)-N-hydroxysuccinimide) were prepared and shown to be internalised rapidly (mins) by cells, without detectable transgene expression. This result indicates that PEG blocks intracellular trafficking of pDNA.
Integration of Delayed Neutron and Differential Die Away Techniques for the Next Generation of Safeguards Initiative Spent Fuel Non-Destructive Assay Effort (2013)

Abstract not provided,
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Acetogenins from the Leaves of Dasymaschalon sootepense. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Integration of D2D, Network Slicing, and MEC in 5G Cellular Networks: Survey and Challenges (2021)

With the tremendous demand for connectivity anywhere and anytime, existing network architectures should be modified. To cope with the challenges that arise due to the increasing flood of devices/users and a diverse range of application requirements, new technologies and concepts must be integrated to enable their benefits. Service providers and business companies are looking for new areas of research to enhance overall system performance. This article gives a detailed survey about the recent 5G technologies, the solutions they provide, and the effect caused by their addition to current cellular networks. It is based on the three most important 5G concepts: Device to Device (D2D), Network Slicing (NS), and Mobile Edge Computing (MEC). This study proposes to design the future 5G networks by the integration of all three technologies. It is believed that spectrum efficiency, energy efficiency, and overall throughput will be greatly improved by using D2D. The system delay and computational load will be reduced as tasks will be handled by edge routers located at the base stations. Thus offloading the core network and the system capital expenses and operational expenses will be reduced significantly by slicing the network.
Microbiological Transformation of Enrofloxacin by the Fungus Mucor ramannianus (2000)

Enrofloxacin metabolism by Mucor ramannianus was investigated as a model for the biotransformation of veterinary fluoroquinolones. Cultures grown in sucrose-peptone broth were dosed with enrofloxacin. After 21 days, 22% of the enrofloxacin remained. Three metabolites were identified: enrofloxacin N-oxide (62% of the total absorbance), N-acetylciprofloxacin (8.0%), and desethylene-enrofloxacin (3.5%).
Effects of 106-μ Laser Induced Air Chemistry on the Atmospheric Refractive Index (1971)

Atmospheric absorption of 10.6-mu radiation can either heat or cool the air, depending upon atmospheric conditions. Absorption by CO(2) is essentially from the (100) to the (001) states. The depleted (100) state is rapidly replenished by energy transfer from translation, cooling the atmosphere. The (001) state slowly transfers energy through the N(2) back to translation, eventually heating the atmosphere. Cooling increases the density and index of refraction, and the resulting gradient tends to focus a gaussian beam. This partially offsets the usual heating effects and associated ray divergence.
Molecular subtypes of breast cancer (2013)

Over the past decade, a subclassification of the molecular types of breast cancer has evolved. This evolution has been driven partly by the limitations of the current classification schemes (which utilize disease stage, histologic grades, estrogen and progesterone receptor expression, HER2 overexpression and TP53 mutation) in the prognostication of disease and elucidation of tumor biology. The molecular subtypes of breast cancer, derived from microarray expression profiling of breast cancer from different ethnic groups, have shown correlation to risk factors, clinical presentation, histologic grades and response to therapy. Furthermore, the expression profiling of breast cancer has revealed differences in cancer biology pathways among different subtypes. The challenge in applying molecular subtyping to routine clinical practice is in finding an appropriate surrogate for microarray expression studies.
A 0.08-cc fully integrated LTCC transceiver front-end module for 5-GHz wireless LAN systems (2004)

An extremely compact transceiver (TRx) front-end module (FEM) has been developed for 5-GHz wireless LAN systems. A highly-integrated flip-chip TRx IC and the embedding of passive devices in a low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) with high /spl epsi//sub r/(=17) are the keys to reducing the module size to 8 /spl times/ 10 /spl times/ 1 mm (0.08 cc). To the best of our knowledge, this is the most compact existing FEM that demonstrates full transceiver operation and complies with the IEEE 802.11a standard.
ChemInform Abstract: IMINIUM SALTS FROM α‐AMINO ACID DECARBONYLATION. APPLICATION TO THE SYNTHESIS OF OCTAHYDROINDOLO(2,3‐A)QUINOLIZINES (1982)

Abstract Aus den Tryptamin‐Derivaten (I) erhält man mit Phenylphosphonsäuredichlorid die Indolochinolizine (II).
Dicer regulates activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome (2019)

Inflammation plays a critical role in initiation of adaptive immunity, pathogen clearance and tissue repair. Interleukin (IL)-1β is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine and therefore its production is tightly regulated: its secretion requires the assembly of a macromolecular protein complex, termed the inflammasome. Aberrant activation of the inflammasome has been linked to debilitating human diseases including chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Thus, there is a great interest in understanding how inflammasomes are regulated. Here we show that Dicer, an enzyme necessary for the production of mature micro-RNAs (miRNAs), is required for optimal activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes in bone marrow macrophages. Our data indicate that miRNAs may play an important role in promoting inflammasome activation.
Treatment of chronic orthostatic hypotension with ergotamine. (1983)

The acute and chronic effects of ergotamine were examined in four patients with chronic orthostatic hypotension. Chronic oral administration of ergotamine tartrate produced significant increases in standing blood pressure and marked clinical improvement, without appreciable recumbent hypertension. The blood pressure increases were not associated with significant changes in plasma norepinephrine or plasma renin activity. No major toxicity was observed at doses of 2-6 mg/day over treatment periods of 3-18 months. Hemodynamic studies on the effects of i.v. ergotamine tartrate (0.25-0.50 mg) revealed that the ergotamine-induced increase in blood pressure in the supine position was associated with an increase in total peripheral resistance (from 1616 +/- 165 to 2574 +/- 583 U) without a change in cardiac output. During 45-60 degrees upright tilt, ergotamine increased both total peripheral resistance (1801 +/- 296 to 3262 +/- 1107 U) and cardiac output (2.42 +/- 0.46 to 3.34 +/- 0.54 l/min). Forearm plethysmographic studies revealed decreased forearm blood flow and venous volume and increased vascular resistance with ergotamine. The orthostatic hypotensives had more platelet alpha-receptors (390 +/- 31 receptors/cell) than the control subjects (234 +/- 17 receptors/cell). The increased receptor level was associated with abnormally low circulating levels of norepinephrine and increased pressor responsiveness to infused norepinephrine in three of the four patients. Chronic ergotamine therapy appeared to reduce platelet alpha-receptor number to normal. The results indicate that ergotamine is of value in certain patients with chronic orthostatic hypotension and that the blood pressure effects are related to vasoconstriction in both arterial and venous beds.
The Determination of Carbohydrate in Biological Materials by Gas‐Liquid Chromatography (1971)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Methyl Derivatives Acetyl Derivatives Trimethylsilyl Derivatives Application of Gas-Liquid Chromatography to Carbohydrate-containing Biological Materials
A linear photodiode array employed in a short range laser triangulation obstacle avoidance sensor (1980)

An opto-electronic receiver incorporating a multi-element linear photodiode array as a component of a laser-triangulation rangefinder was developed as an obstacle avoidance sensor for a Martian roving vehicle. The detector can resolve the angle of laser return in 1.5 deg increments within a field of view of 30 deg and a range of five meters. A second receiver with a 1024 elements over 60 deg and a 3 meter range is also documented. Design criteria, circuit operation, schematics, experimental results and calibration procedures are discussed.
Evidence for absence of the MPB64 gene in some substrains of Mycobacterium bovis BCG (1993)

Substrains of Mycobacterium bovis BCG have been divided in two major groups, high producers and low producers of the secreted proteins MPB64 and MPB70. Of these, Mycobacterium tuberculosis secretes only the analog MPT64 during growth on Sauton medium. It has been confirmed that high-producer and low-producer substrains of BCG as well as M. tuberculosis contain the gene for the MPB/MPT70 protein. By contrast, polymerase chain reaction and hybridization experiments are reported here which indicate that the MPB64 gene is absent in the BCG substrains Copenhagen, Pasteur, Glaxo, and Tice, in which previous methods did not permit distinction between secretion of small amounts or absence of the protein in culture fluids.
Novel Drug Delivery Systems for Nutraceuticals with Anticancer Properties (2019)

Being the deadliest disease, cancer is one of the prime concerns for health professionals all over world and thus remarkable research is going on to develop an effective therapy for cancer since many decades. Nutraceuticals have been demonstrated as treatment alternatives for many diseases and also in cancer. Successful outcomes of research regarding applications of naturally available nutraceuticals for various diseases have attracted people to know about and rely more on nutraceuticals for preventive as well as treatment perspective. Potential anticancer activity of many nutraceuticals has demonstrated their important role in cancer therapy; however, associated challenges such as poor solubility, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetic profile restricts their use for prevention and treatment of cancer. Novel drug delivery systems based nanocarrier such as nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers, nanoemulsion, and so on have been explored to overcome these challenges for successful delivery of nutraceutical for cancer prevention and treatment. The chapter describes about nutraceutical compound showing anticancer activity, their delivery challenges, and newer approaches of drug delivery systems for nutraceuticals for effective cancer therapy.
Optical properties of dispersive time-dependent materials (2022)

Time-varying optical materials have attracted recent interest for their potential to enable frequency conversion, nonreciprocal physics, photonic time-crystals, and more. However, the description of time-varying materials has been primarily limited to regimes where material resonances (i.e., dispersion) can be neglected. In this work, we describe how the optics of these dispersive time-varying materials emerges from microscopic quantum mechanical models of time-driven systems. Our results are based on a framework for describing the optics of dispersive time-varying materials through quantum mechanical linear response theory. Importantly, we clarify how response functions for time-varying materials are connected to energy transfer. We provide three examples of our framework applied to systems which can be used to model a wide variety of experiments: few level models that can describe atoms, spins, or superconducting qubits, oscillator models which can describe the strong response of polar insulators, and strongly driven atom models which can describe the highly nonperturbative optical response of materials undergoing high harmonic generation. We anticipate that our results will be broadly applicable to electromagnetic phenomena in strongly time-varying systems.
Selective Hydrogenation of Nitriles to Primary Amines Catalyzed by a Cobalt Pincer Complex (2015)

The catalytic hydrogenation of nitriles to primary amines represents an atom-efficient and environmentally benign reduction methodology in organic chemistry. This has been accomplished in recent years mainly with precious-metal-based catalysts, with a single exception. Here we report the first homogeneous Co-catalyzed hydrogenation of nitriles to primary amines. Several (hetero)aromatic, benzylic, and aliphatic nitriles undergo hydrogenation to the corresponding primary amines in good to excellent yields under the reaction conditions.
Mediated Enzyme Electrodes for Biological Fuel Cell and Biosensor Applications (2008)

Integration of enzymes, redox mediators and high surface area materials to provide bioelectrochemical platforms capable of efficiently transferring electrons between chemicals and electrodes is a dynamic and rapidly expanding research area. These bioelectrochemical reactions are enabled by designing efficient mediated electron transfer processes between selected enzymes and electrode materials. Targeted synthesis of a library of osmium based redox mediator complexes possessing a range of redox potentials is presented whereby these mediators are designed to possess the dual function of mediation and covalent immobilization. In addition to designing inbuilt immobilization strategies for mediators, anchoring a support to surfaces can improve the stability of an enzyme/mediator layer compared to physisorbed films. An overview of some of the strategies we have adopted towards the fabrication of these anchored redox active biocatalytic films on supported pre-functionalized electrodes is presented.
[Streptococcus B screening with GBS medium in obstetrics]. (1995)

Pregnant women and newborn infants were screened for group B streptococcal (GBS) colonization by obtaining paired swabs from the cervix and urethra for the former group and from the ear, nose, umbilical cord, gastric juice and membranes for the latter. One swab was cultured on blood agar; the other was inoculated into serum-starch broth (GBS medium), which allows identification of GBS by production of a characteristic orange-colored pigment. From the 2105 paired swabs obtained, a total of 158 were GBS positive by either method; of these, 154 (97.5%) were recovered by the GBS medium and 89 (56.3%) by blood agar plate. No false positive color reactions were observed with GBS medium. 75% of the positive GBS media could be read within 24 h of incubation. The use of GBS medium proved to be an easy and reliable method for screening of maternal and neonatal GBS colonization.