gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interprofessional learning to enhance Spanish communication skills in Latinx pharmacy students (2022)

This case study focuses on an interdisciplinary educational experience in which university Pharmacy and Humanities early and late Spanish-English bilinguals were paired to translate questions related to sociobehavioral aspects of medication use. This work describes the personal and professional benefits reported by the translators and the prevailing themes from verbal negotiations. The participants were an undergraduate in Spanish, seven pharmacy professional doctorate students, and five Hispanic studies graduate students. After completing individual translations, students were paired and met virtually to create a final, collaborative version of their translation. Participants were subsequently invited to answer open-ended questions about their experience. Translators’ transcribed interactions and questionnaire responses became the basis for this article. Results show that the main reported perceived benefit was the participants’ improved language skills. The findings also suggest that length, quality, and richness of interactions depended on whether the members of the pairings exhibited mutual respect, curiosity, and empathy.
Multiple Salmonella enteritidis leg abscesses in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (1990)

We describe a 19 year old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus on corticosteroid therapy, who developed bilateral, multiple, gas-forming Salmonella enteritidis leg abscesses and osteomyelitis mimicking deep vein thrombosis. The infection was treated successfully by a combination of surgical drainage and intravenous ceftriaxone, followed by prolonged oral pefloxacin. This rare case of gas-producing S. enteritidis emphasizes the difficulty in diagnosing such complications in active systemic lupus erythematosus.
Bioethanol production using algal biomass produced on waste material as substrate (2012)

For growth and ethanol production, microorganisms need sugars, which commonly are provided from agricultural and forestry products containing starch or cellulose. There are several drawbacks with those substrates for fuel ethanol production, such as interference with food production when using agricultural crops, or high formation of inhibitory compounds from pretreatment of lignin-containing forestry products. Algae biomass could be an alternative sustainable raw material since cultivations can be set up in places where food crops cannot grow thus not interfering with food production. Most microalgae cells do not contain lignin and therefore pretreatment will result in less formation of inhibitors. Microalgal cultivations can contribute to environmental benefits by capturing carbon dioxide from flue gas and utilize nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from municipal waste water, resulting in purification of such waste streams together with production of energy-rich biomass. The feed of municipal waste water results in a continuous addition of algal species and microorganisms other than the initial alga of the inoculum which gives a mixed population in the cultivation system. This, together with seasonal variations, may cause changes in the population dynamics; hence different times of harvesting may result in different microbial composition.This project investigates the potential of using microalgal biomass produced on waste streams as substrate in ethanol production. The algae used were produced in the development plant in Umeå run by SLU, using flue gas of the heat and power plant (Umeå Energi) as carbon source, municipal waste water from the waste water treatment plant (Umeva) as nutrient source and sunlight as energy source. Algal biomass from 8 time points of a cultivation season were used for i) determination of macromolecular composition in biomass, ii) investigation of different biomass pretreatment processes to yield fermentable sugars, iii) analysis of fermentability and ethanol production in algal hydrolysates and vi) investigation of changes in species composition during the cultivation season. Both enzymatic and acid hydrolysis were investigated as pretreatment process and so far the best results have been obtained with acid hydrolysis. Additionally, small scale fermentations in acid pretreated algal hydrolysates were performed to study fermentability and ethanol production. Variations in species composition of the community at different sampling times will be investigated by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) based on species variations in the 18S rDNA gene.
Heptafulveneiron tricarbonyl, a cyclic trimethylenemethane-type complex (1970)

D. J. Ehntholt and R. C. Kerber, J. Chem. Soc. D, 1970, 1451 DOI: 10.1039/C29700001451
Pollution Control and Depollution Processes by Plasma Techniques (2005)

The European Union is creating strict standards for air and water pollution and waste treatment and implementing aggressive regulations. Compliance with these regulations is impossible without the development of new depollution processes involving plasma or laser technology. Time is one of the major problems in monitoring pollutants with the use of the time-resolution laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technique, which can perform online analysis without sampling with a high level sensitivity for all the species of the Periodic Table. Plasma-enhanced desorption from fly ashes or polluted soils associated with a mass spectrometer or an optical emission spectrometer allows the monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and organochlorine species in a few seconds. In the last DBD point, we present the treatment of VOCs in air by the plasma technique in order to destroy or trap PAH molecules.
A Lagrange Multiplier Based State Enumeration Reliability Assessment for Power Systems With Multiple Types of Loads and Renewable Generations (2020)

With the integration of multiple types of loads and renewable generations, the number of system states significantly grows. As a result, running optimal power flow (OPF) to analyze a myriad of system states is challenging and this seriously restricts the efficiency of the state enumeration method. To address that, this paper proposes a Lagrange Multiplier based State Enumeration (LMSE) approach to accelerate the analysis without loss of accuracy. The core idea is to directly obtain the optimal load shedding of contingency states by Lagrange multiplier-based functions, rather than the time-consuming OPF algorithms. This approach can also be conveniently integrated with the impact-increment method and the clustering technique for further efficiency enhancement. Case studies are performed on the RTS-79 and IEEE 118-bus systems considering multiple types of loads, photovoltaics (PVs), and wind turbines (WTs). Results indicate that the proposed method can significantly reduce the computing time without compromising the calculation accuracy.
The use of herbal extracts in the control of influenza (2009)

Influenza A virus poses a continuing threat to the health of humans and farmed animals, and predictions of impending pandemics are commonplace. This review discusses the unique combination of genetic features that make this virus such a threat, and explains why current control measures are inadequate. However, in spite of this, certain herbal extracts rich in polyphenols could play an important role in controlling influenza virus outbreaks and alleviating symptoms of the disease. One of the attractions of herbal treatment is the broad spectrum of potential viral targets, since components of these herbs can interact with different viral proteins and are not constrained by viral strain differences and drug-resistant mutations; consequently any influenza virus is susceptible. In addition these extracts often have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties, all of which would be beneficial during influenza infection.

	 

	Key words: Influenza virus, avian ‘flu, swine ‘flu, antiviral, pandemic, cytokines, anti-inflammatory, herbal extracts, polyphenols.
Towards a Decentralized, Autonomous Multiagent Framework for Mitigating Crop Loss (2019)

We propose a generalized decision-theoretic system for a heterogeneous team of autonomous agents who are tasked with online identification of phenotypically expressed stress in crop fields.. This system employs four distinct types of agents, specific to four available sensor modalities: satellites (Layer 3), uninhabited aerial vehicles (L2), uninhabited ground vehicles (L1), and static ground-level sensors (L0). Layers 3, 2, and 1 are tasked with performing image processing at the available resolution of the sensor modality and, along with data generated by layer 0 sensors, identify erroneous differences that arise over time. Our goal is to limit the use of the more computationally and temporally expensive subsequent layers. Therefore, from layer 3 to 1, each layer only investigates areas that previous layers have identified as potentially afflicted by stress. We introduce a reinforcement learning technique based on Perkins' Monte Carlo Exploring Starts for a generalized Markovian model for each layer's decision problem, and label the system the Agricultural Distributed Decision Framework (ADDF). As our domain is real-world and online, we illustrate implementations of the two major components of our system: a clustering-based image processing methodology and a two-layer POMDP implementation.
Optically controlled phased array radar (2002)

The experimental results presented in this paper indicate that optically driven phased array antennas with high performance and true time delay can be practically implemented. The paper concentrates on the potential performance of optically driven antenna systems using a coherent WDM architecture.
Resonantly Pumped Amplification in a Thulium-doped Large Mode Area Photonic Crystal Fiber (2015)

We demonstrate resonantly pumped amplification in a thulium-doped photonic crystal fiber. This enables greatly increased efficiencies compared to 795nm or 1550nm pumping and is attractive for pulsed amplification.
Conduction polarization in sodium germanate glasses (1981)

Only one thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) peak was found in germanate glasses containing from 0.19 to 32.5 mol% Na20, whereas comparable silicate glasses exhibit two such peaks. Equations are developed showing that the distortion of the equilibrium Na+-ion distribution by an applied electrical field produces a polarization in general agreement with the observed TSDC peak. It is proposed that the TSDC peak is due to dc conduction.
Finite element analysis of the primary mirror in Cassegrain system (2006)

Major efforts in space optics have inspired research in high performance, low cost, very lightweight reflective telescope systems in which Cassegrain system is widely used. Primary mirror is one of the most important components in the system. Three materials, silicon carbide, K9 and Beryllium, are selected as the material of the primary mirror in this paper. According to the design requirement of the mirror and the processing technic, the primary mirror model with the sector, the triangle and the hexagon cell structures respectively is built using finite element method. Analyzing the surface figure of the primary mirror in each scheme under 1g gravity and the dynamic properties of the mirror, the silicon carbide primary mirror with triangle cell structure has the best combination property and the wavefront error of it is satisfactory with the design requirements.
Phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity among closely related soil-borne N2- and N2O-producing Bacillus isolates harboring the nosZ gene (2011)

Little is known about the genetic and phenotypic diversity of Gram-positive denitrifying bacteria. We compared the production of gaseous denitrification products for 14 closely related Bacillus soil isolates at pH 6 and 7 during 48-h batch incubations using a robotic gas-sampling apparatus. Primers targeting the nosZ gene encoding the nitrous oxide reductase were designed to confirm the presence of this gene in the isolates. The variation in the production of gaseous nitrogen products was compared with the genetic variation based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, genomic fingerprinting and nosZ sequences. The nosZ gene was detected in all isolates and all produced N(2) as the dominant end product at pH 7. Production of gaseous nitrogen products was more variable at pH 6, with different levels of NO and N(2) O production among the isolates, although minimal variation was observed among the 16S rRNA and nosZ gene sequences. One isolate was more divergent from the others based on genomic fingerprinting, and had two different nosZ gene copies, which coincided with the highest production of N(2) at pH 7 and the lack of intermediates at pH 6. Overall, our analysis suggests that genetic variation plays a role in the variation in N(2) O and N(2) production, but the variation in activity caused by acidification can be substantially greater than genotypic variation among closely related Bacillus.
Efficient Evaluation of Convolution Integrals Arising in Fdtd Formulations of Electromagnetic Dispersive Media (1997)

Abstract The Trapezoidal Recursive Convolution (TRC) scheme was previously used to model Nth order Lorentz type dispersive media. In this paper, the full derivation of this quasi-trapezoidal-based algorithm is presented and the derivation is expanded to include the Nth order Debye type dispersion as well as Sellmeyer's dispersion equation. In addition, the case of general convolution integrals is considered where any arbitrary integrand or the integral itself is represented as a sum of exponential functions, i.e. Prony's method. The technique is compared to several previously published schemes and it is shown that its performance equals or exceeds various other methods in terms of accuracy, robustness, and computational efficiency. A comparison to the exact application of trapezoidal numerical integration is made and it is shown that, for time increments encountered in typical FDTD analyses, the truncation error due to applying the quasi-trapezoidal approximation is negligible. Finally, it is shown how the skin effect phenomenon, as it applies to multiconductor transmission lines, can be modeled using a rational function approximation to the frequency dependency of the line resistance. This model is obtained by using Levy's method to curve fit the line resistance directly in the frequency domain and then the convolution integral is formulated in a form amenable to the TRC algorithm.
Role of PCSK5 Expression in Mouse Ovarian Follicle Development: Identification of the Inhibin α- and β-Subunits as Candidate Substrates (2011)

Inhibin and activin are essential dimeric glycoproteins belonging to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) superfamily. Inhibin is a heterodimer of α- and β-subunits, whereas activin is a homodimer of β-subunits. Production of inhibin is regulated during the reproductive cycle and requires the processing of pro-ligands to produce mature hormone. Furin is a subtilisin-like proprotein convertase (proconvertase) that activates precursor proteins by cleavage at basic sites during their transit through the secretory pathway and/or at the cell surface. We hypothesized that furin-like proconvertases are central regulators of inhibin α- and β-subunit processing within the ovary. We analyzed the expression of the proconvertases furin, PCSK5, PCSK6, and PCSK7 in the developing mouse ovary by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. The data showed that proconvertase enzymes are temporally expressed in ovarian cells. With the transition from two-layer secondary to pre-antral follicle, only PCSK5 mRNA was significantly elevated. Activin A selectively enhanced expression of PCSK5 mRNA and decreased expression of furin and PCSK6 in cultured two-layer secondary follicles. Inhibition of proconvertase enzyme activity by dec-RVKR-chloromethylketone (CMK), a highly specific and potent competitive inhibitor of subtilisin-like proconvertases, significantly impeded both inhibin α- and β-subunit maturation in murine granulosa cells. Overexpression of PC5/6 in furin-deficient cells led to increased inhibin α- and β(B)-subunit maturation. Our data support the role of proconvertase PCSK5 in the processing of ovarian inhibin subunits during folliculogenesis and suggest that this enzyme may be an important regulator of inhibin and activin bioavailability.
Eliciting Tacit Expertise in 3D Volume Segmentation (2016)

The output of 3D volume segmentation is crucial to a wide range of endeavors. Producing accurate segmentations often proves to be both inefficient and challenging, in part due to lack of imaging data quality (contrast and resolution), and because of ambiguity in the data that can only be resolved with higher-level knowledge of the structure and the context wherein it resides. Automatic and semi-automatic approaches are improving, but in many cases still fail or require substantial manual clean-up or intervention. Expert manual segmentation and review is therefore still the gold standard for many applications. Unfortunately, existing tools (both custom-made and commercial) are often designed based on the underlying algorithm, not the best method for expressing higher-level intention. Our goal is to analyze manual (or semi-automatic) segmentation to gain a better understanding of both low-level (perceptual tasks and actions) and high-level decision making. This can be used to produce segmentation tools that are more accurate, efficient, and easier to use. Questioning or observation alone is insufficient to capture this information, so we utilize a hybrid capture protocol that blends observation, surveys, and eye tracking. We then developed, and validated, data coding schemes capable of discerning low-level actions and overall task structures.
ChemInform Abstract: Acetoxymercurization of Methylenecyclopropanes. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Acute allergic skin response as a new tool to evaluate the allergenicity of whey hydrolysates in a mouse model of orally induced cow’s milk allergy (2009)

Hypoallergenic milk formulae are used for cow's milk allergic infants and may be a good option for infants at risk. Clinical studies have shown that the protein source or the hydrolysis methodology used may influence the effectiveness in infants stressing the importance of adequate pre-clinical testing of hypoallergenic formulae in an in vivo model of orally induced cow's milk allergy. This study was undertaken to introduce a new read-out system to measure the residual allergenicity of whey hydrolysates on both the sensitization and challenge phase of orally induced cow's milk allergy in mice. Mice were sensitized orally to whey or a partial whey hydrolysate (pWH) to measure the residual sensitizing capacity. To predict the residual allergenicity of hydrolysates, whey allergic mice were challenged in the ear with pWH, extensive whey hydrolysate or an amino acid-based formula. An acute allergic skin response (ear swelling at 1 h), whey-specific serum antibodies, and local MCP-1 concentrations were measured. In contrast to whey, oral sensitization with pWH did not result in the induction of whey-specific antibodies, although a minor residual skin response to whey was observed after challenge. Skin exposure to whey hydrolysates showed a hydrolysation dependent reduction of the acute allergic skin response in whey allergic mice. In contrast to whey, skin exposure to pWH did not enhance tissue MCP-1 levels. The acute allergic skin response in mice orally sensitized to cow's milk proteins reveals a new pre-clinical tool which might provide information about the residual sensitizing capacity of hydrolysates supporting the discussion on the use of hypoallergenic formulae in high risk children. This mouse model might be a relevant model for the screening of new hypoallergenic formulae aimed to prevent or treat cow's milk allergy.
Representing Uncertainty in Graph Edges: An Evaluation of Paired Visual Variables (2015)

When visualizing data with uncertainty, a common approach is to treat uncertainty as an additional dimension and encode it using a visual variable. The effectiveness of this approach depends on how the visual variables chosen for representing uncertainty and other attributes interact to influence the user's perception of each variable. We report a user study on the perception of graph edge attributes when uncertainty associated with each edge and the main edge attribute are visualized simultaneously using two separate visual variables. The study covers four visual variables that are commonly used for visualizing uncertainty on line graphical primitives: lightness, grain, fuzziness, and transparency. We select width, hue, and saturation for visualizing the main edge attribute and hypothesize that we can observe interference between the visual variable chosen to encode the main edge attribute and that to encode uncertainty, as suggested by the concept of dimensional integrality. Grouping the seven visual variables as color-based, focus-based, or geometry-based, we further hypothesize that the degree of interference is affected by the groups to which the two visual variables belong. We consider two further factors in the study: discriminability level for each visual variable as a factor intrinsic to the visual variables and graph-task type (visual search versus comparison) as a factor extrinsic to the visual variables. Our results show that the effectiveness of a visual variable in depicting uncertainty is strongly mediated by all the factors examined here. Focus-based visual variables (fuzziness, grain, and transparency) are robust to the choice of visual variables for encoding the main edge attribute, though fuzziness has stronger negative impact on the perception of width and transparency has stronger negative impact on the perception of hue than the other uncertainty visual variables. We found that interference between hue and lightness is much greater than that between saturation and lightness, though all three are color-based visual variables. We also found a compound relationship between discriminability level and the degree of dimensional integrality. We discuss the generalizability and limitation of the results and conclude with design considerations for visualizing graph uncertainty derived from these results, including recommended choices of visual variables when the relative importance of data attributes and graph tasks is known.