gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radiomics Analysis of 3D Dose Distributions to Predict Toxicity of Radiotherapy for Cervical Cancer (2021)

Standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) is chemoradiotherapy followed by brachytherapy. Despite radiation therapy advances, the toxicity rate remains significant. In this study, we compared the prediction of toxicity events after radiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC), based on either dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters or the use of a radiomics approach applied to dose maps at the voxel level. Toxicity scores using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v4), spatial dose distributions, and usual clinical predictors for the toxicity of 102 patients treated with chemoradiotherapy followed by brachytherapy for LACC were used in this study. In addition to usual DVH parameters, 91 radiomic features were extracted from rectum, bladder and vaginal 3D dose distributions, after discretization into a fixed bin width of 1 Gy. They were evaluated for predictive modelling of rectal, genitourinary (GU) and vaginal toxicities (grade ≥ 2). Logistic Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP) models were derived using clinical parameters only or combinations of clinical, DVH and radiomics. For rectal acute/late toxicities, the area under the curve (AUC) using clinical parameters was 0.53/0.65, which increased to 0.66/0.63, and 0.76/0.87, with the addition of DVH or radiomics parameters, respectively. For GU acute/late toxicities, the AUC increased from 0.55/0.56 (clinical only) to 0.84/0.90 (+DVH) and 0.83/0.96 (clinical + DVH + radiomics). For vaginal acute/late toxicities, the AUC increased from 0.51/0.57 (clinical only) to 0.58/0.72 (+DVH) and 0.82/0.89 (clinical + DVH + radiomics). The predictive performance of NTCP models based on radiomics features was higher than the commonly used clinical and DVH parameters. Dosimetric radiomics analysis is a promising tool for NTCP modelling in radiotherapy.
3D Shape Modeling for Cell Nuclear Morphological Analysis and Classification (2018)

Abstract Quantitative analysis of morphological changes in a cell nucleus is important for the understanding of nuclear architecture and its relationship with pathological conditions such as cancer. However, dimensionality of imaging data, together with a great variability of nuclear shapes, presents challenges for 3D morphological analysis. Thus, there is a compelling need for robust 3D nuclear morphometric techniques to carry out population-wide analysis. We propose a new approach that combines modeling, analysis, and interpretation of morphometric characteristics of cell nuclei and nucleoli in 3D. We used robust surface reconstruction that allows accurate approximation of 3D object boundary. Then, we computed geometric morphological measures characterizing the form of cell nuclei and nucleoli. Using these features, we compared over 450 nuclei with about 1,000 nucleoli of epithelial and mesenchymal prostate cancer cells, as well as 1,000 nuclei with over 2,000 nucleoli from serum-starved and proliferating fibroblast cells. Classification of sets of 9 and 15 cells achieved accuracy of 95.4% and 98%, respectively, for prostate cancer cells, and 95% and 98% for fibroblast cells. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to combine these methods for 3D nuclear shape modeling and morphometry into a highly parallel pipeline workflow for morphometric analysis of thousands of nuclei and nucleoli in 3D.
Magnetoelectric Evidence for the Attainability of Time-Reversed Antiferromagnetic Configurations by Metamagnetic Transitions in DyPO4 (1969)

favor a 1' D-wave assignment for the A&. However, jn this analysis, a background amplitude having the angu- lar dependence given by one-pion exchange has been subtracted.
Searching with Consistent Prioritization for Multi-Agent Path Finding (2019)

We study prioritized planning for Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF). Existing prioritized MAPF algorithms depend on rule-of-thumb heuristics and random assignment to determine a fixed total priority ordering of all agents a priori. We instead explore the space of all possible partial priority orderings as part of a novel systematic and conflict-driven combinatorial search framework. In a variety of empirical comparisons, we demonstrate state-of-the-art solution qualities and success rates, often with similar runtimes to existing algorithms. We also develop new theoretical results that explore the limitations of prioritized planning, in terms of completeness and optimality, for the first time.
Stability of multi-parameter solitons: Asymptotic approach (1999)

General asymptotic approach to the stability problem of multi-parameter solitons in Hamiltonian systems $i\partial E_n/\partial z=δH/δE_n^*$ has been developed. It has been shown that asymptotic study of the soliton stability can be reduced to the calculation of a certain sequence of the determinants, where the famous determinant of the matrix consisting from the derivatives of the system invariants with respect to the soliton parameters is just the first in the series. The presented approach gives first analytical criterion for the oscillatory instability and also predicts novel stationary instability. Higher order approximations allow to calculate corresponding eigenvalues with arbitrary accuracy.
Effect of valepotriates (valerian extract) in generalized anxiety disorder: a randomized placebo‐controlled pilot study (2002)

The aim of the present study was to carry out a controlled pilot study on the putative anxiolytic effect of valepotriates. Thirty-six outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder (DSM III-R), after a 2-week wash-out, were randomized to one of the following three treatments for 4 weeks (n = 12 per group): valepotriates (mean daily dose: 81.3 mg), diazepam (mean daily dose: 6.5 mg), or placebo. A parallel, double-blind, flexible-dose, placebo-controlled design was employed. No significant difference was observed among the three groups at baseline or in the change from baseline on the Hamilton anxiety scale (HAM-A) or in the trait part of the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI-trait). Moreover, the three groups presented a significant reduction in the total HAM-A scores. On the other hand, only the diazepam and valepotriates groups showed a significant reduction in the psychic factor of HAM-A. The diazepam group also presented a significant reduction of the STAI-trait. Although the principal analysis (HAM-A between group comparison) found negative results (probably due to the small sample size in each group), the preliminary data obtained in the present study suggest that the valepotriates may have a potential anxiolytic effect on the psychic symptoms of anxiety. However, since the number of subjects per group was very small, the present results must be viewed as preliminary. Thus, further studies addressing this issue are warranted.
A novel flow cytometry tool for fibrosis scoring through hepatic stellate cell differentiation (2018)

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are a central fibrogenic cell type that contributes to collagen accumulation during chronic liver disease. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from HCV patients are phagocytized by HSCs and induce their differentiation. This study aimed to characterize HSCs differentiation using a flow cytometry tool for fibrosis scoring. NK cells from healthy donors and from patients with chronic HCV with various severities of fibrosis were co-cultured with a human HSC line (LX2). LX2 phagocytosis of NK cells were stained for NK cells (CD45/CD56/CD3) and NK activation marker (CD107a) as well as INF-γ, apoptosis (Annexin-V) and α-smooth-muscle-actin (αSMA, as a marker of LX2 activation). In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the senescence marker P15 were analyzed prior to flow cytometry analysis. LX2 mono-cultures demonstrated a homogenous cell-population according to size (forward-scattered; FSC), granularity and αSMA expressions. However, on their co-culture with NK cells, the HSCs formed four subpopulations, which were stratified by αSMA intensities and cell size. NK cells isolated from heathy donors did not activate LX2-cells. In contrast, HCV exposed to NK cells from both F1 and F4 fibrosis grade patients, showed elevated CD107a and INF-γ levels and increased αSMA intensities in two of the four cell populations, with fibrosis scoring showing a linear correlation with αSMA intensities and NK phagocytosis. The αSMA<sup>intermediate</sup> /Size<sup>Low</sup> HSCs sub-population showed higher proliferation following F4-NK cells with higher phagocytosis ability, suggesting an active/regulatory population. The αSMA<sup>high</sup> /Size<sup>high</sup> subpopulations showed low proliferation and phagocytosis capacity, and were correlated with higher apoptosis, increased ROS and P15 intensities, suggesting senescing cells. Taken together, NK cells lead to heterogeneous differentiation of HSCs. Flow-cytometry may provide a novel means of characterizing HSCs in relation to the severity of liver fibrosis. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
Somatic diversity of the immunoglobulin repertoire is controlled in an isotype-specific manner (2001)

We have studied two aspects of the IgE immune response. First, we have compared the kinetics of the IgE response to the T cell-dependent antigen ph-Ox coupled to ovalbumin with that of the IgG1 response and we have assessed the quality of the IgE response. Second, we have studied the generation of somatic diversity, understood as the combined effect of somatic mutation and the selection of D(iversity) and J(oining) elements, in germinal center B cells at the molecular level, using the germ-line sequence of the prototype anti-ph-Ox heavy chain variable element V(H)Ox1 as reference. We evaluated sequences derived from mu-, gamma 1- and epsilon-variable elements and showed that somatic diversification was different for all isotypes studied. We further compared the IgE responses of wild-type mice with those of mice expressing a truncated cytoplasmic IgE tail (IgE(KVK Delta tail)). IgE(KVK Delta tail) mice showed a more diverse sequence pattern. We corroborated previous results suggesting that short CDR3 regions are indicative for high-affinity antibodies by measuring relative affinities of phage-expressed Fab fragments with prototype long and short CDR3 regions. Therefore, the composition of the antigen-receptor is responsible for the selection process and the expansion of antigen-specific cells, leading to an isotype-specific antibody repertoire.
Frequency and effects of the apolipoprotein A‐IV polymorphism (1990)

Plasma from 158 presumed healthy nuclear families has been analyzed by high-resolution, two-dimensional electrophoresis to study the frequency and effects of the genetic polymorphism in human apolipoprotein A-IV. Two common alleles, apo A-IV 1 and apo A-IV 2 were detected with relative frequencies of 0.943 and 0.057, respectively. Autosomal codominant transmission of these two alleles coded for by a single structural locus was demonstrated. Furthermore, we studied the effects of this apo A-IV variability on total plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose levels and gamma-glutamyltransferase activity. Statistically significant differences among apo A-IV genotypes for the average glucose level were detected. The average effect of the apo A-IV 1 allele was to lower plasma glucose levels by 0.013 mmol/l, whereas the average effect of the apo A-IV 2 allele was to raise glucose levels by 0.213 mmol/l.
Synthesis and reduction of some 1H‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazin‐4(3H) one 2,2‐dioxides (1978)

Abstract Several 2,1,3‐benzothiadiazin‐4(3 H ) one 2,2‐dioxides were synthesized as possible sweetening agents by reacting sulfamoyl chloride with various anthranilic acid derivatives. The isolation of 1‐methyl‐4‐methoxy‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazine 2,2‐dioxide and preparation of 3,4‐dihydro‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazine 2,2‐dioxide is also reported.
Clinical Comparison of Thiopentone and Methohexitone (1962)

During the past seven years there have been over 8,000 attendances at the out-patient cystoscopy clinic at the General Infirmary at Leeds, the age of the patients ranging from 8 to 78 years. Nearly all these patients have received general anaesthesia for cystoscopy, retrograde pyelography, or passage of sounds. Wherever possible, thiopentone has been used as the sole anaes- thetic agent, providing adequate operating conditions in most cases.
UEBERBAUUNG EINER BETONDECKE MIT STANDFESTEM ASPHALT FUER EINE ZEITLICH BEGRENZTE NUTZUNG (1994)

Auf der besonders stark beanspruchten BAB A 2 mit gleichzeitig hohem Lkw-Anteil sind auf rund 84 km Laenge Massnahmen zur Erhaltung der Befahrbarkeit durchzufuehren, wobei von einer Grundinstandsetzung zusammen mit dem geplanten 6-spurigen Ausbau spaetestens bis zum Jahre 2000 auszugehen ist. Aufgrund mehrjaehriger positiver Erfahrungen mit der rissverzoegernden Wirkung von Vliesen zwischen hydraulisch gebundener Schicht und Asphaltdecke sowie angesichts der Schwierigkeiten, die sich hinsichtlich der Hoehenanpassung an vorhandene Ein- und Anbauten ergab, wurde auf einer 2 km langen Versuchsstrecke eine relativ duenne Verstaerkungsschicht gewaehlt. Die entspannte Betondecke wurde dazu insgesamt 10,6 cm dick ueberbaut, wobei das Vlies einmal unmittelbar auf der alten Betondecke auflag, in einem anderen Fall ein insgesamt 1,5 cm dicker Ausgleich aus Asphaltbeton 0/5 vorgenommen wurde. Die 6,0 beziehungsweise in Teilabschnitten 7,1 cm dicken Asphaltbinder wurden mit Polymerbitumen hergestellt. Die Deckschicht in Dicken von 3,1 sowie 3,5 cm besteht aus Splittmastixasphalt 0/8. Die Auswahlkriterien und Ueberlegungen zur Eignungspruefung werden ausfuehrlich dargestellt und die Ergebnisse der Eignungspruefung denen der Eigenueberwachung und der Kontrollpruefung gegenuebergestellt. Fuer den Einbau des Binders wird eine Hochleistungsverdichtungsbohle empfohlen, da das Mischgut einen hohen Verdichtungswiderstand aufwies. Auch wird der Einsatz schwerer Walzen erforderlich. Die Mischtemperatur sollte zwischen 170 und 180 Grad Celsius liegen, um einerseits eine gute Verdichtung zu ermoeglichen, andererseits eine thermische Ueberbeanspruchung zu vermeiden. Nach einjaehriger Betriebsdauer wurden keinerlei negative Feststellungen getroffen.
RBPJ maintains brain tumor–initiating cells through CDK9-mediated transcriptional elongation (2016)

Glioblastomas co-opt stem cell regulatory pathways to maintain brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs), also known as cancer stem cells. NOTCH signaling has been a molecular target in BTICs, but NOTCH antagonists have demonstrated limited efficacy in clinical trials. Recombining binding protein suppressor of hairless (RBPJ) is considered a central transcriptional mediator of NOTCH activity. Here, we report that pharmacologic NOTCH inhibitors were less effective than targeting RBPJ in suppressing tumor growth. While NOTCH inhibitors decreased canonical NOTCH gene expression, RBPJ regulated a distinct profile of genes critical to BTIC stemness and cell cycle progression. RBPJ was preferentially expressed by BTICs and required for BTIC self-renewal and tumor growth. MYC, a key BTIC regulator, bound the RBPJ promoter and treatment with a bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) family bromodomain inhibitor decreased MYC and RBPJ expression. Proteomic studies demonstrated that RBPJ binds CDK9, a component of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb), to target gene promoters, enhancing transcriptional elongation. Collectively, RBPJ links MYC and transcriptional control through CDK9, providing potential nodes of fragility for therapeutic intervention, potentially distinct from NOTCH.
An Evaluation of the Effect of Spot Wobble Upon Observer Performance with Raster Scan Displays. (1980)

A television image is formed by a series of parallel luminous lines called a raster. The visual prominence of the raster structure has been shown to interfere with the extraction of information from the image. However, the raster may be suppressed experimentally by a deflection process called spot wobble. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of raster structure suppression on visual sine-wave contrast sensitivity thresholds, dynamic target acquisition performance using noise-free and noise-degraded imagery, and alphanumeric recognition performance using noisy and noise-free static displays. Results of the dynamic experiment indicate raster structure suppression and improvements in sine-wave threshold sensitivity are correlated and that a suppressed raster significantly improves target acquistion performance for noise-free conditions. Results of the static experiment were inconclusive, as no spot wobble effect was obtained, although display noise had a significant effect upon search time. Significant correlations with the modulation transfer functions area (MTFA) image quality metric were obtained, although the correlations were neither large nor consistent enough to be strongly advocated for detailed design evaluations.
Altered Mechanical Behavior of Epicardium Under Isothermal Biaxial Loading (2004)

Most soft tissues that are treated clinically via heating experience multiaxial states of stress and strain in vivo and are subject to complex constraints during treatment. Remarkably, however, there are no prior data on changes in the multiaxial mechanical behavior of a collagenous tissue subjected to isometric constraints during heating. This paper presents the first biaxial stress-stretch data on a collagenous membrane (epicardium) before and after heating while subjected to various biaxial isometric constraints. It was found that isometric heating does not allow the increase in stiffness at low strains that occurs following isotonic heating. Moreover increasing the degree of stretch prior to heating increased the thermal stability of the tissue consistent with the concept that mechanical loading primarily affects the activation entropy, not the activation energy.
Pyloromyotomy: Comparison Between Laparoscopic and Open Surgical Techniques (1995)

Several reports have appeared in the literature recently describing various techniques of performing pyloromyotomy laparoscopically. Although there is no doubt that this is now technically feasible, there are unanswered questions with regard to its safety, efficacy, and potential benefits or otherwise to the patient. In an attempt to resolve some of these issues, we compared the results in 37 infants who underwent open pyloromyotomy with 26 who underwent laparoscopic pyloromyotomy. The two groups were similar in terms of sex, age, weight, and presenting pH, although they could not be randomized. The time from feeding to discharge was less for the laparoscopic group (1.4 days) compared with the open group (1.8 days) (p = 0.04). Postoperative vomiting was not significantly different between the two groups. The operating time was identical for groups, 29 min vs 27 min. There were 3 complications in the open surgical group and 1 in the laparoscopic group. On the criteria measured, our results suggests that laparoscopic pyloromyotomy is at least as good as conventional surgery, and offers the potential benefits of shortened hospital stay and minimal cosmetic deformity.
Clinical use of indirect lymphography in different forms of leg edema. (1988)

Indirect lymphography by subepidermal infusion of newly developed nonionic, dimeric contrast media (e.g., Iotrolan) opacifies peripheral lymphatics of the skin. Using this method we examined 159 patients with primary and secondary lymphedema, chronic venous insufficiency, and lipedema and compared the findings to normal individuals. A variety of characteristic patterns were uncovered. The technique causes little patient discomfort and takes on the average only 30 minutes.
Exploring the Room-Temperature Synthesis and Properties of Multifunctional Doped Tungstate Nanorods (2008)

Uniform Mn-doped alkaline-earth metal tungstate—AWO4 (A = Ca, Sr, Ba)—nanorods of reproducible size, shape, and composition have been methodically prepared using a modified template-directed methodology under ambient, room-temperature conditions. The dopant ion distribution within the nanostructures does not appear to adversely affect either the structural or crystalline integrity of our as-prepared compounds, as determined by microscopy and diffraction studies. What is much more important is the fact that the presence of Mn2+ not only substantially increases the photoluminescent potential of a pristine tungstate material but also reinforces its versatility by adding a desirable magnetic component to its repertoire of properties. In so doing, we have created multifunctional one-dimensional nanorods with exciting opto-magnetic behavior, which should become important for the future incorporation of these materials into functional nanoscale devices, with various potential applications in a number of diverse fields.
Thigh and abdominal adipose tissue depot associations with testosterone levels in postmenopausal females (2018)

Summary Objective Research findings on the relationship between serum androgens and adipose tissue in older females are inconsistent. We aimed to clarify the relationship using state‐of‐the‐art techniques to evaluate associations between body fat distribution and plasma testosterone (T) levels in older postmenopausal women. Design Observational, cross‐sectional study of healthy, community dwelling postmenopausal women. Patients and Measurements Postmenopausal women (60‐80 years old) were included in this study. Overall body composition was evaluated by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Abdominal and thigh fat depots were measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Circulating T concentrations were analysed by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. Results Thirty‐five women (66.6 ± 0.8 years) participated in this study. T levels were positively associated with clinical proxy measures of adiposity including weight (ρ = 0.39), BMI (ρ = 0.43) and waist circumference (ρ = 0.39) (all P &lt; 0.05). Fat mass and % body fat were correlated with T levels (ρ = 0.42 and 0.38 respectively, both P &lt; 0.05). T correlated with overall and superficial abdominal fat (ρ = 0.34 and 0.37 respectively, both P &lt; 0.05) but not with visceral adipose tissue. T increased with greater thigh fat (ρ = 0.49, P &lt; 0.05) in both superficial and deep depots (ρ = 0.50 and 0.35 respectively, both P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion Our results suggest that postmenopausal women with higher circulating T levels have both higher regional and overall body adiposity. These findings underscore the sexual dimorphism in the relationship between serum androgen levels and adiposity.