gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Representing Experts' Interpretive Trails with Hyperknowledge Specifications (2019)

Representing users' creative and interpretive processes may be useful to identify problems and solutions associated with interactive decision-making processes. Generally, these processes are related to the interaction of users with some multimedia content (text, video, audio, images, etc.) and structuring users' tacit and explicit knowledge. Tracking such process should generate a representation of users' trails in a linear construction of time. However, this representation is generally not well structured from a knowledge engineering perspective. Considering highly immersive environments with interaction through multiple modalities, tracking this knowledge becomes even more complex. On the one hand, cognitive agents have been increasingly used to support decision-making practices, which may involve knowledge-intensive activities and critical thinking. On the other hand, these systems may demand an overly complex design and implementation given the lack of knowledge representations capable of describing steps of creative processes, including rich relationships between symbolic and non-symbolic data. Inferring human interpretation and knowledge in such a representation in these processes are fundamental to improve the design of systems that support decision-making, as well as general systems. In this work, we propose applying high-level conceptual components in a knowledge representation to explicitly characterize users' interpretive trails. The solution aims at supporting the representation of the multimedia data and knowledge sources someone interacted with, along with the sequence of steps expressing their interpretation strategies.
Modeling paper material flows and recycling in the US macroeconomy (1999)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Technology, Management, and Policy Program, 1999.
Addressing Reliability of Multimodal Remote Sensing to Enhance Multisensor Data Fusion and Transfer Learning (2020)

In literature, we find many examples showing that, contrary to what one might think, multimodal remote sensing analysis might be suboptimal. Given the high computational complexity typically required by multimodal investigation in order to properly extract information from multiple sources, there is a need to assess its actual benefit during image preprocessing. This urgency becomes indeed crucial when targeting transfer learning in remote sensing, as understanding the actual relationship between diverse sensors is fundamental to accurately characterize the considered scenes. In this work, we derive a reliability metric by means of an information theory-based approach. The proposed metric is able to estimate how confident one can be of the considered datasets when characterizing each pixel in the considered region of interest. Experimental results on real datasets show how this quantity can be used to improve the understanding of the scenes, and to enhance multisensor transfer learning.
Urologic Surgical Simulation (2011)

The novel simulation model we describe demonstrates is a high-fidelity tissue surrogate that can be used for simulation training for improvement in core urologic skills by novice residents. This model may be a useful tool in documenting proficiency-based competence of cystoscopic skills.
Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Inhibitor and Anti-Death Receptor Agonistic Antibody: a Novel Combination Therapy for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2012)

Aim: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem worldwide and ranks as the third leading cause of neoplasm-related death in the world. Our goal in this study is to establish a novel therapy for HCC. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), which stimulates death receptor 5 (DR5), and m-TOR inhibitors have been found to be useful medications to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. We have recently demonstrated the ability of m-TOR inhibitor based immunosuppressive protocols to safely control the alloimmune response with a significantly lower recurrence rate of HCC after liver transplantation. Despite the use of m-TOR inhibitors, however, some patients develop HCC recurrence post-liver transplantation. Here, we demonstrated that combination therapy with an m-TOR inhibitor and anti-DR5 mAb is superior to single-agent treatment without severe adverse effects. Methods: Anti-DR5 mAb was administrated intraperitoneally into C57BL/6 mice at various doses (100, 200 or 300 μg/mouse/day every 4 days for 4 doses) to evaluate the adverse effects in vivo by monitoring body weight and liver function. Blood was drawn from mice tail veins at 20 days after treatment to evaluate liver function (ALT, AST, ALP, T-bil). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to quantify relative cell viability in vitro with or without anti-DR5 mAb (5 μg/ml) in addition to various concentrations of m-TOR inhibitor. Results: Administration of 300 μg/day of anti-DR5 mAb caused approximately 30 % weight loss by day 25 after the first administration of mAb, while no significant weight changes were observed in recipients that received 100 μg/day of mAb. Survival rate was found to be significantly lower in recipients that received 300 μg/day of anti-DR5 mAb than in those receiving 100 μg/day by day 38 (50% vs. 100%, P< 0.05), demonstrating that recipients are not able to tolerate the high dose anti-DR5 mAb treatment. Administration of 300 μg/day of anti-DR5 mAb caused severe liver damage with significantly increased serum ALT, AST, ALP and T-bil, while reduced liver damage was observed in mice that received 100 μg/day of anti-DR5 mAb. By MTT assay, anti-DR5 mAb showed killing effects against the Hepa1-6 cell line (mouse HCC) in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, combination therapy with an m-TOR inhibitor (sirolimus 5 nM) and anti-DR5 mAb (5 μg/ml) lysed more Hepa1-6 cells in vitro than single therapy with sirolimus (anti-DR5 mAb alone vs. combination therapy; 21.2% vs. 35.7%, P< 0.05). We are working on an in vivo model to confirm the efficiency of that combination therapy. Conclusion: High dose anti-DR5 mAb was not tolerated well by recipients and caused severe liver damage. Combination therapy with an m-TOR inhibitor and reduced dose anti-DR5 mAb has significant effect against HCC, and this combination potentially represents a novel approach for the management of HCC recurrence following liver transplantation.
Regulation of Telomerase Alternative Splicing: A Target for Chemotherapy (2013)

Telomerase is present in human cancer cells but absent in most somatic tissues. The messenger RNA of human telomerase (hTERT) is alternatively spliced into mostly nonfunctional products. We sought to understand splicing so that we could decrease functional splice isoforms to reduce telomerase activity in order to complement direct enzyme inhibition. Unexpectedly, minigenes containing hTERT exons 5–10 flanked by 150–300 bp intronic sequences did not produce alternative splicing. A 1.1 kb region of 38 bp repeats ∼2 kb from the exon 6/intron junction restored the exclusion of exons 7 and 8. An element within intron 8, also >1 kb from intron/exon junctions, modulated this effect. Transducing an oligonucleotide complementary to this second element increased nonfunctional hTERT messenger RNA from endogenous telomerase. These results demonstrate the potential of manipulating hTERT splicing for both chemotherapy and regenerative medicine and provide specific sequences deep within introns that regulate alternative splicing in mammalian cells by mechanisms other than the introduction of cryptic splice sites.
Defensive Maneuver Cyber Platform Modeling with Stochastic Petri Nets (2014)

Distributed and parallel applications are critical information technology systems in multiple industries, including academia, military, government, financial, medical, and transportation. These applications present target rich environments for malicious attackers seeking to disrupt the confidentiali
Frequency and Phase-Angle Estimation Using Ordinary Least Squares (2015)

The extensive use of grid-connected power electronics converters in the most different conditions, e.g., grid voltage quality, power level and grid codes, requires a robust synchronization method in order to properly feed other converter controllers with reliable and exact information, namely the phase-angle and the magnitude of the grid voltage. The grid phase-angle is a vital variable used in almost any single- or three-phase converter. The paper proposes a synchronizer based on the Least Squares approach: using the sampled grid voltages to fit a straight line corresponding to the grid phase-angle estimation. An extensive set of simulation results, including comparative results with three other methods, covering steady state and transient conditions, is provided and demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed method. Also, a set of experimental results, obtained with a field programmable gate array platform, complements the validation of the synchronizer and its very good performance in all conditions.
SPARC Is Expressed by Ganglion Cells and Astrocytes in Bovine Retina (1998)

SPARC (secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine)/osteonectin is a matricellular, counteradhesive glycoprotein that disrupts cell-matrix interactions, interacts with growth factors and components of extracellular matrix, and modulates the cell cycle, but appears to subserve only minor structural roles. SPARC is expressed in a variety of tissues during embryogenesis and remodeling and is believed to regulate vascular morphogenesis and cellular differentiation. Although usually limited in normal adult tissues, SPARC is expressed at significant levels in the adult central nervous system. Using a monoclonal antibody against bovine bone osteonectin, we have determined the localization of SPARC in newborn (3-day-old) and adult (4-8-year-old) normal bovine retinas. SPARC was present in the soma of ganglion cells and strong reactivity was found in ganglion cell axons. Muller cells displayed no immunoreactivity, but SPARC was present in retinal astrocytes that were identified by the astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Newborn calf retina showed a staining pattern similar to that of adult retina but exhibited significantly reduced levels of SPARC. Minimal levels of SPARC protein were also detected in some capillaries of the inner retina of both newborn and adult animals, whereas large vessels were negative. The presence of SPARC in the retina was confirmed by Western blotting of retinal extracts. These data indicate that SPARC originating from bot h neurons and glia of the inner retina may be an important modulator of retinal angiogenesis. The increased expression of SPARC in adult relative to newborn retinal tissue also indicates that SPARC has an ongoing role in the maintenance of retinal functions.
A fiber-optically coupled positron-sensitive surgical probe. (1994)

A plastic scintillator probe system has been devised which may be highly suitable for intraoperative FDG-guided (or other positron or beta emitting-tracer) surgery.
J{sub c} and vortex pinning enhancements in Bi-, Tl-, and Hg-based cuprate superconductors via GeV proton irradiation (1997)

Randomly oriented columnar defects provide an efficient mechanism for stabilizing the magnetic flux and current density in a variety of high-{Tc} superconductors. Protons with 0.8 GeV energy cause heavy constituent nuclei (Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi,...) to fission and the resultant fragments generate isotropically distributed columnar tracks. The main results are a significant enhancement of the persistent current density J, a shift of the irreversibility line towards higher fields and temperatures, and a marked reduction in the rate of current decay with time. With increasing crystalline disorder, {Tc} decreases at the rate of {approximately} 0.1--1 K per 10{sup 16} proton/cm{sup 2}. The optimal proton fluence lies in the range of (5--20) x 10{sup 16} p/cm{sup 2}. At these levels, J is enhanced by one or more orders of magnitude compared with unirradiated virgin materials and can be significantly large at T {ge} 100 K in tesla fields. In addition, the logarithmic decay rate dln(J/dln(t)) is diminished. By analyzing the decay rate of J with time in a Maley framework, the authors obtain the effective pinning energy U(J) of irradiated materials for comparison with the virgin superconductors.
Phase-Shifting Speckle Interferometry (1985)

Speckle patterns have high-frequency phase data, which make finding the absolute phase of a single speckle pattern difficult. However, the phase of the difference between two correlated speckle patterns can be determined by applying phase-shifting techniques to speckle interferometry, which will quantitatively determine the phase of double-exposure speckle measurements. The technique uses computer control to take data and calculate phase without an intermediate recording step. The randomness of the speckle causes noisy data points that are removed by data processing routines. A study of the phase errors attributable to decorrelation of the speckle patterns shows a 33° rms error for 10 waves of tilt. One application of this technique is finding the phase of deformations, where up to 10 waves of wavefront deformation can easily be measured. Results of deformations caused by tilt of a metal plate and a disbond in a honeycomb structure brazed to an aluminum plate are shown.
A new gate selection method for resizing to circuit performance optimization (1996)

In the circuit model where outputs are latched and input vectors are successively applied by the same clock, the gate resizing approach to reduce the delay of the critical path may not improve its performance. In addition, the gate selection for resizing in path sensitization approach is a difficult problem due to the fact that resizing a gate in shortest path may change the longest sensitizable path and vice versa. These new gate selection methods prevent the delay of the longest sensitizable path from increasing while resizing a gate in the shortest path and prevent the delay of the shortest path from decreasing while resizing a gate in the longest sensitizable path. Our algorithms are tested on ISCAS85 benchmark circuits and experimental results show that the clock period can be optimized efficiently with our gate selection methods.
Assessing and Using Genetic Diversity in the Agricultural Research Service Seed and Germplasm Collections (PowerPoint) (2007)

Crop Production/Industries
Enhanced synaptic activity and epileptiform events in the embryonic KCC2 deficient hippocampus (2011)

The neuronal potassium-chloride co-transporter 2 [indicated thereafter as KCC2 (for protein) and Kcc2 (for gene)] is thought to play an important role in the post natal excitatory to inhibitory switch of GABA actions in the rodent hippocampus. Here, by studying hippocampi of wild-type (Kcc2(+/+)) and Kcc2 deficient (Kcc2(-/-)) mouse embryos, we unexpectedly found increased spontaneous neuronal network activity at E18.5, a developmental stage when KCC2 is thought not to be functional in the hippocampus. Embryonic Kcc2(-/-) hippocampi have also an augmented synapse density and a higher frequency of spontaneous glutamatergic and GABA-ergic postsynaptic currents than naïve age matched neurons. However, intracellular chloride concentration ([Cl(-)](i)) and the reversal potential of GABA-mediated currents (E(GABA)) were similar in embryonic Kcc2(+/+) and Kcc2(-/-) CA3 neurons. In addition, KCC2 immunolabeling was cytoplasmic in the majority of neurons suggesting that the molecule is not functional as a plasma membrane chloride co-transporter. Collectively, our results show that already at an embryonic stage, KCC2 controls the formation of synapses and, when deleted, the hippocampus has a higher density of GABA-ergic and glutamatergic synapses and generates spontaneous and evoked epileptiform activities. These results may be explained either by a small population of orchestrating neurons in which KCC2 operates early as a chloride exporter or by transporter independent actions of KCC2 that are instrumental in synapse formation and networks construction.
Cytokine-Regulated GADD45G Induces Differentiation and Lineage Selection in Hematopoietic Stem Cells (2014)

The balance of self-renewal and differentiation in long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSC) must be strictly controlled to maintain blood homeostasis and to prevent leukemogenesis. Hematopoietic cytokines can induce differentiation in LT-HSCs; however, the molecular mechanism orchestrating this delicate balance requires further elucidation. We identified the tumor suppressor GADD45G as an instructor of LT-HSC differentiation under the control of differentiation-promoting cytokine receptor signaling. GADD45G immediately induces and accelerates differentiation in LT-HSCs and overrides the self-renewal program by specifically activating MAP3K4-mediated MAPK p38. Conversely, the absence of GADD45G enhances the self-renewal potential of LT-HSCs. Videomicroscopy-based tracking of single LT-HSCs revealed that, once GADD45G is expressed, the development of LT-HSCs into lineage-committed progeny occurred within 36 hr and uncovered a selective lineage choice with a severe reduction in megakaryocytic-erythroid cells. Here, we report an unrecognized role of GADD45G as a central molecular linker of extrinsic cytokine differentiation and lineage choice control in hematopoiesis.
Regulation of Dishevelled DEP domain swapping by conserved phosphorylation sites (2021)

Wnt signals bind to Frizzled receptors to trigger canonical and noncanonical signaling responses that control cell fates during animal development and tissue homeostasis. All Wnt signals are relayed by the hub protein Dishevelled. During canonical (β-catenin-dependent) signaling, Dishevelled assembles signalosomes via dynamic head-to-tail polymerization of its Dishevelled and Axin (DIX) domain, which are cross-linked by its Dishevelled, Egl-10, and Pleckstrin (DEP) domain through a conformational switch from monomer to domain-swapped dimer. The domain-swapped conformation of DEP masks the site through which Dishevelled binds to Frizzled, implying that DEP domain swapping results in the detachment of Dishevelled from Frizzled. This would be incompatible with noncanonical Wnt signaling, which relies on long-term association between Dishevelled and Frizzled. It is therefore likely that DEP domain swapping is differentially regulated during canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling. Here, we use NMR spectroscopy and cell-based assays to uncover intermolecular contacts in the DEP dimer that are essential for its stability and for Dishevelled function in relaying canonical Wnt signals. These contacts are mediated by an intrinsically structured sequence spanning a conserved phosphorylation site upstream of the DEP domain that serves to clamp down the swapped N-terminal α-helix onto the structural core of a reciprocal DEP molecule in the domain-swapped configuration. Mutations of this phosphorylation site and its cognate surface on the reciprocal DEP core attenuate DEP-dependent dimerization of Dishevelled and its canonical signaling activity in cells without impeding its binding to Frizzled. We propose that phosphorylation of this crucial residue could be employed to switch off canonical Wnt signaling.
Ultrastructural Localization of the CB1 Cannabinoid Receptor in μ-Opioid Receptor Patches of the Rat Caudate Putamen Nucleus (2001)

Cannabinoids and opioids are widely consumed drugs of abuse that produce motor depression, in part via respective activation of the cannabinoid subtype 1 receptor (CB1R) and the mu-opioid receptor (muOR), in the striatal circuitry originating in the caudate putamen nucleus (CPN). Thus, the CB1R and muOR may show similar targeting in the CPN. To test this hypothesis, we examined the electron microscopic immunocytochemical labeling of CB1R and muOR in CPN patches of rat brain. Of the CB1R-labeled profiles, 34% (588) were dendrites, presumably arising from spiny as well as aspiny-type somata, which also contained CB1R immunoreactivity. In dendrites, CB1R often was localized to nonsynaptic and synaptic plasma membranes, particularly near asymmetric excitatory-type junctions. Almost one-half of the CB1R-labeled dendrites contained muOR immunoreactivity, whereas only 20% of all muOR-labeled dendrites expressed CB1R. Axons and axon terminals as well as abundant glial processes also showed plasmalemmal CB1R and were mainly without muOR immunoreactivity. Many CB1R-labeled axon terminals were small and without recognizable synaptic junctions, but a few also formed asymmetric, or more rarely symmetric, synapses. The CB1R-labeled glial processes were often perivascular or perisynaptic, surrounding asymmetric excitatory-type axospinous synapses. Our results show that in CPN patches CB1R and muOR are targeted strategically to some of the same postsynaptic neurons, which may account for certain similarities in motor function. Furthermore, they also provide evidence that CB1R may play a major role in the modulation of presynaptic transmitter release and glial functions that are unaffected in large part by opioids active at muOR in CPN.
Robust Active Disturbance Rejection Control For Flexible Link Manipulator (2019)

Summary This paper presents an advanced robust active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) for flexible link manipulator (FLM) to track desired trajectories in the joint space and minimize the link’s vibrations. It has been shown that the ADRC technique has a very good disturbance rejection capability. Both the internal dynamics and the external disturbances can be estimated and compensated in real time. The proposed robust ADRC control law is developed to solve the problems existing in the original version of the ADRC related to the disturbance estimation errors and the variation of the parameters. Indeed, these parameters cannot be included in the existing disturbances and then be estimated by the extended state observer. The proposed control law is based on the sliding mode technique, which considers the uncertainties in the control gains and disturbance estimation errors. Lyapunov theory is used to prove the closed-loop stability of the system. The proposed control strategy is simulated and tested experimentally on one FLM. The effect of the observer bandwidth on the system performance is simulated and studied to select the best values of the bandwidth frequency. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed robust ADRC has better performance than the traditional ADRC.
Functional Response of Xylocoris flavipes to Angoumois Grain Moth and Influence of Predation on Regulation of Laboratory Populations12 (1979)

Journal Article Functional Response of Xylocoris flavipes to Angoumois Grain Moth and Influence of Predation on Regulation of Laboratory Populations Get access G. L. LeCato, G. L. LeCato Stored-Product Insects Research and Development Lab., Agric. Res., SEA, USDA, Savannah, GA 31403 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. T. Arbogast R. T. Arbogast Stored-Product Insects Research and Development Lab., Agric. Res., SEA, USDA, Savannah, GA 31403 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 72, Issue 6, 1 December 1979, Pages 847–849, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/72.6.847 Published: 01 December 1979 Article history Received: 31 May 1979 Published: 01 December 1979
Exploring the structural determinants of selective phosphopeptide recognition using bivalent metal-coordination complexes (2012)

We demonstrate that Lewis acidic coordination complexes equipped with cationic binding groups might be best utilized as selective receptors for binding phosphopeptides with anionic side chain residues proximal to the phosphorylated residue.