gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Antibacterial Performance and Bioactivity of Plasma-Engineered Ag-NPs/TiO<SUB>2</SUB> Nanotubes for Bio-Implants (2016)

We prepared TiO2 nanotubes (NT) on commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) substrate by plasma electrolyte oxidation and adapted magnetron sputtering for incorporation of Ag-nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) onto the nanotubes (Ag-NPs/TiO2 nanotube). Power input to the Ag target per unit time was varied (5, 10, 15 W/cm2) to fabricate different shapes of Agnanoparticles onto the nanotubes while net energy input was fixed by maintaining a constant total sputter time (30, 15, 10 s, respectively). For investigation of experimental samples' characteristics, FE-SEM, TEM, EDS, XRD, XPS, SPM analysis and contact angles measurement was carried out. Through these characterization, plasma engineered Ag-NPs was successfully formed on/in the entire nanotube structure. In terms of antibacterial ability, plasma engineered Ag-NPs/TiO2 nanotubes samples significantly reduced S. aureus colony numbers compared with control. Also, simulated body fluid immersion tests with hydroxyapatite showed ion precipitation onto the surface of all experimental groups, confirmed by XRD and EDS analysis. However, plasma engineered Ag-NPs/TiO2 nanotubes groups were not cytotoxic. Furthermore, MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured on Ag-NPs/TiO2 nanotubes groups to evaluate the effect of nanostructured surface on cell functionality such as a cell proliferation and ALP activity. Ag-NPs/TiO2 nanotubes have both biocompatible and antibacterial characteristics.
Electrodeposition of Paint in Carbon Black Filled Systems (1987)

Electrodeposition of paint (EDP) has been investigated with the aid of electrochemical methods using four various binders pigmented with five various carbon blacks (c.b.) in the concentration range of 0–25 weight percent (w/o) (in the solid). Electrodeposition itself is not influenced at low to medium c.b. concentrations, where ionic wet film resistivity is even slightly enhanced by single particles dispersed in the binder. At a relatively high critical c.b. concentration , where strong electronic conductivity in the wet film is initiated due to the formation of linear agglomerates of c.b. particles, heavily deteriorated deposits are produced with warts at the surface. In the stoved film, electronic conductivities are in the range of 10−9–10−5 S cm−1. Percolation sets in at extremely low c.b. concentrations in the order of 1 w/o. This is rationalized by a model of transversal c.b. chains, where electrons are tunneling through ultrathin dielectric films between the c.b. particles. The electrodeposition of a second homogeneous layer on top of the stoved film becomes possible above a critical c.b. concentration in the order of 5 w/o. This can be interpreted as the consequence of isolated surface point contacts at lower c.b. concentrations. Rapid spherical off‐diffusion of precipitating ions prevent the establishment of the critical surface concentration for electrocoagulation. At higher c.b. concentrations, the point contacts are amalgamated, and slow linear diffusion is achieved. Practical conclusions are drawn at the end of the report.
Methionine oxidation within the cerebroside‐sulfate activator protein (CSAct or Saposin B) (2000)

The cerebroside-sulfate activator protein (CSAct or Saposin B) is a small water-soluble glycoprotein that plays an essential role in the metabolism of certain glycosphingolipids, especially sulfatide. Deficiency of CSAct in humans leads to sulfatide accumulation and neurodegenerative disease. CSAct activity can be measured in vitro by assay of its ability to activate sulfatide-sulfate hydrolysis by arylsulfatase A. CSAct has seven methionine residues and a mass of 8,845 Da when deglycosylated. Mildly oxidized, deglycosylated CSAct (+16 Da), separated from nonoxidized CSAct by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), showed significant modulation of the in vitro activity. Because oxidation partially protected against CNBr cleavage and could largely be reversed by treatment with dithiothreitol, it was concluded that the major modification was conversion of a single methionine to its sulfoxide. High-resolution RP-HPLC separated mildly oxidized CSAct into seven or more different components with shorter retention times than nonoxidized CSAct. Mass spectrometry showed these components to have identical mass (+16 Da). The shorter retention times are consistent with increased polarity accompanying oxidation of surface-exposed methionyl side chains, in general accordance with the existing molecular model. A mass-spectrometric CNBr mapping protocol allowed identification of five of the seven possible methionine-sulfoxide CSAct oxoforms. The most dramatic suppression of activity occurred upon oxidation of Met61 (26% of control) with other residues in the Q60MMMHMQ66 motif falling in the 30-50% activity range. Under conditions of oxidative stress, accumulation of minimally oxidized CSAct protein in vivo could perturb metabolism of sulfatide and other glycosphingolipids. This, in turn, could contribute to the onset and progression of neurodegenerative disease, especially in situations where the catabolism of these materials is marginal.
D3d Ground-State Structure of V(CO)6:  A Combined Matrix Isolation and ab Initio Study of the Jahn−Teller Effect (2003)

Structures, relative energies, vibrational spectra, and ESR parameters of the 17e- molecule V(CO)6 in Oh, D3d, D4h, and D2h symmetry have been computed with density functional and high-level ab initio methods. At all theoretical levels applied, the same energetic order is obtained, D3d < D2h < D4h < Oh, with the D2h structure as a transition state connecting equivalent D3d species. At the RCCSD(T)/AE2 level using UBP86/AE2 geometries, the energies of the D2h, D4h and Oh species relative to that of D3d minimum are predicted to be 210, 535, and 731 cm-1, respectively. According to molecular dynamics simulations on the UBP86/AE1 potential energy surface, the D3d minimum is preserved at very low temperatures (around 16 K), whereas at 300 K the molecule is highly fluxional with an averaged structure indistinguishable from that of [V(CO)6]- with its Oh symmetric ground state. Nearly complete IR and Raman spectra of V(CO)6 and V(13CO)6 have been recorded at 300 K for the first time in the gas phase, in solution, and at cryogenic temperatures in Ne and Ar matrices. The spectra show a pronounced temperature dependence, especially for the Jahn−Teller active modes, Eg and T2g. The observed infrared matrix spectra generally agree well with the calculated spectrum (BP86/AE2 level) for the D3d structure and much less with that of the D4h isomer. The A1g modes in the Raman spectra are reasonably well reproduced computationally in the harmonic approximation, whereas this approximation breaks down for the Eg and T2g bands, as expected. Further evidence for the D3d symmetry of V(CO)6 is obtained from a reanalysis of the experimental ESR spectrum that is reported in the literature. The observed ordering of the hyperfine coupling constants A∥ and A⊥ is reproduced theoretically only when distortion to D3d symmetry is assumed. In addition, the bonding properties of V(CO)6 are compared to those of [V(CO)6]- and Cr(CO)6.
Ex Vivo Expansion and Gene Therapy Using Cord Blood CD34 + Cells (1993)

CD34+ cells can be efficiently isolated from cord blood by sequential Percoll, Ficoll-Hypaque, and immunomagnetic bead separation. This population, containing up to 25% progenitor cells and 0.2-1% stem cells, defined by a long-term culture-initiating cell (LTC-initiating cell) assay, can be expanded in vitro in the presence of a specific combination of cytokines resulting in a > 100,000-fold increase in cells, a > 2,000-fold increase in progenitors, and an 18- to 20-fold increase in LTC-initiating cells. These latter populations can be efficiently transfected with a retroviral vector expressing a mutated dihydrofolate-reductase gene that confers methotrexate resistance.
Leukoagglutinins (1954)

Abstract 1. A simple test for the detection of leukoagglutinating properties of serum is described. 2. A thermolabile serum system which inhibits the leukoagglutination was observed. 3. Sera of about two thousand normal subjects and six hundred patients with various diseases were tested. The sera of nineteen of the patients gave positive reactions. 4. The serologic and physicochemical properties of the leukoagglutinating substance were studied, and evidence is presented in favor of its being an antibody. 5. The role of the leukoagglutinating substance in the development of leukopenia is discussed, as well as the probable type of antibody responsible for the leukoagglutination reaction.
Effects of external stress on magnetic properties in motor cores (1998)

The effects of shrink fitting on the magnetic properties of iron cores are investigated in order to simulate the magnetic behavior of iron cores mounted in motor frames. Shrink fittings, of course, decrease permeability and increase effective magnetostriction and magnetic loss. It is well known that the magnetostriction increment and the permeability decrement are explained by the increase of magnetoelastic energy due to compressive stress by shrink fitting. The magnetic loss increases, however, cannot be explained by this energy. We demonstrate experimentally that the magnetic loss increases result from mechanical work due to the magnetostrictive movement of the iron core under compressive stress. © 1998 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 123(1): 15–22, 1998
Performance of parallel iterative solvers: A library, a prediction model, and a visualization tool (2002)

The objective of this work is the analysis and prediction of the performance of ir-regular codes, mainly in their parallel implementations. In particular, this paper focuses on parallel iterative solvers for sparse matrices as a relevant case of study of this kind of codes. An efficient library of solvers and preconditioners was developed using HPF and MPI as parallel platforms. For this library, models to characterize and predict the behavior of the execution of the methods, preconditioners and kernels were introduced. To show the results of these models, a visualization tool with an easy to use GUI inter-face was implemented. Finally, results of the prediction models for the codes of the parallel library are presented using the visualization tool.
Precise Comparison of 14C Ages from Choukai Jindai Cedar with IntCal04 Raw Data (2010)

We measured the radiocarbon ages of 165 single-year tree rings from a Japanese Choukai Jindai cedar using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). By wiggle-matching the Choukai_AMS data set to the IntCal04 calibration data using OxCal v 3.10 and using the variation of the correlation coefficients between the Choukai_AMS and IntCal04 data sets, we precisely re-estimated that the 321 Choukai Jindai cedar tree rings range from 780 to 460 cal BC with an accuracy of 8 yr. The Choukai_AMS data set is older than the 3 raw data sets of European tree rings that comprise IntCal04. The Belfast and Seattle data sets are younger by −21.3 ± 5.5 and −22.7 ± 5.6 14 C yr, respectively. The Choukai Jindai cedar is ∼22 14 C yr older than the European tree rings, which is equivalent to an offset of −2.8‰ in 14 C. In addition, the Choukai_AMS data set correlates well with the Belfast and Seattle data sets, with correlation coefficients of 0.89 and 0.68, respectively, between the temporal profiles. Hence, the temporal profile of the Choukai 14 C ages shows a global variation.
Follistatin-like Protein 1 Inhibits Lung Cancer Metastasis by Preventing Proteolytic Activation of Osteopontin (2019)

Follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) plays a critical role in lung organogenesis, but is downregulated during lung cancer development and progression. The prognostic significance and functional consequences of FSTL1 downregulation in lung cancer are unclear. Here, reduced levels of FSTL1 were detected in various tumors compared with normal tissues and were associated with poor clinical outcome in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, particularly those with lung adenocarcinoma. FSTL1 expression negatively correlated with the metastatic potential of lung cancer cells. Antibody-based neutralization of extracellular FSTL1 increased cellular migration/invasion while addition of recombinant FSTL1 protein diminished the metastatic capacity of lung cancer cells <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Notably, treatment with FSTL1 effectively prevented the metastatic progression of lung cancer cells in an orthotopic animal model. Mechanistically, FSTL1 directly bound to the proform of secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1)/osteopontin, restraining proteolytic activation of SPP1, which led to inactivation of integrin/CD44-associated signaling and rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton. Combined low expression of FSTL1 and high expression of SPP1 predicted a poorer prognosis for patients with lung cancer. This study highlights the novel interaction between FSTL1 and SPP1 and new opportunities to effectively target SPP1-driven metastatic cancers characterized by FSTL1 downregulation. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings describe the novel interaction between FSTL1 and SPP1 and its role in the metastatic progression of lung adenocarcinoma.
Simple but Effective: CLIP Embeddings for Embodied AI (2021)

Contrastive language image pretraining (CLIP) encoders have been shown to be beneficial for a range of visual tasks from classification and detection to captioning and image manipulation. We investigate the effectiveness of CLIP visual backbones for Embodied AI tasks. We build incredibly simple baselines, named EmbCLIP, with no task specific architectures, inductive biases (such as the use of semantic maps), auxiliary tasks during training, or depth maps -- yet we find that our improved baselines perform very well across a range of tasks and simulators. EmbCLIP tops the RoboTHOR ObjectNav leaderboard by a huge margin of 20 pts (Success Rate). It tops the iTHOR 1-Phase Rearrangement leaderboard, beating the next best submission, which employs Active Neural Mapping, and more than doubling the % Fixed Strict metric (0.08 to 0.17). It also beats the winners of the 2021 Habitat ObjectNav Challenge, which employ auxiliary tasks, depth maps, and human demonstrations, and those of the 2019 Habitat PointNav Challenge. We evaluate the ability of CLIP's visual representations at capturing semantic information about input observations -- primitives that are useful for navigation-heavy embodied tasks -- and find that CLIP's representations encode these primitives more effectively than ImageNet-pretrained backbones. Finally, we extend one of our baselines, producing an agent capable of zero-shot object navigation that can navigate to objects that were not used as targets during training. Our code and models are available at https://github.com/allenai/embodied-clip
Wheat middlings in roughage-based or limit-fed, high-concentrate diets for growing calves (1998)

A 101-day growing study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of beef heifers fed wheat middlings in traditional full- fed, sorghum silage-based rations and in limit-fed, high-concentrate rations. Diets were formulated without wheat middlings or with wheat middlings replacing 33, 67, or 100% of rolled corn plus soybean meal. Daily gains decreased linearly (P<.01) with increasing levels of wheat middlings in the roughage-based diets because of lower feed intake (P<.10), but feed efficiency was not affected (P>.30). For the limit-fed diets, heifer daily gains decreased linearly (P<.01) as the proportion of wheat middlings in the diet increased, resulting in a linear reduction (P<.01) in feed efficiency. Wheat middlings can be utilized effectively as the predominant energy/protein source for growing cattle, though their nutritional and economic value, relative to corn and soybean meal, may be different for roughage-based and limit-fed diets.
Broken Time-Reversal Symmetry in Strongly Correlated Ladder Structures (2003)

We provide, for the first time, in a doped strongly correlated system (two-leg ladder), a controlled theoretical demonstration of the existence of a state in which long-range ordered orbital currents are arranged in a staggered pattern, coexisting with a charge density wave. The method used is the highly accurate density-matrix renormalization group technique. This brings us closer to recent proposals that this order is realized in the enigmatic pseudogap phase of the cuprate high temperature superconductors.
Face-n-Food: Gender Differences in Tuning to Faces (2015)

Faces represent valuable signals for social cognition and non-verbal communication. A wealth of research indicates that women tend to excel in recognition of facial expressions. However, it remains unclear whether females are better tuned to faces. We presented healthy adult females and males with a set of newly created food-plate images resembling faces (slightly bordering on the Giuseppe Arcimboldo style). In a spontaneous recognition task, participants were shown a set of images in a predetermined order from the least to most resembling a face. Females not only more readily recognized the images as a face (they reported resembling a face on images, on which males still did not), but gave on overall more face responses. The findings are discussed in the light of gender differences in deficient face perception. As most neuropsychiatric, neurodevelopmental and psychosomatic disorders characterized by social brain abnormalities are sex specific, the task may serve as a valuable tool for uncovering impairments in visual face processing.
NG-methyl-L-arginine, an inhibitor of nitric oxide formation, acts synergistically with dobutamine to improve cardiovascular performance in endotoxemic dogs (1994)

Later stages of septic shock are characterized by hypotension and decreased myocardial performance. A major mediator of hypotension is nitric oxide, a vasodilatory agent derived from L-arginine. Administration of the arginine derivative, NG-methyl-L-arginine, improved systemic vascular resistance but not myocardial performance. The addition of an inotropic agent to NG-methyl-L-arginine, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, resulted in an enhancement of the antihypotensive action of NG-methyl-L-arginine through the restoration of cardiac output. The synergistic action between dobutamine and NG-methyl-L-arginine may be of therapeutic value in the treatment of septic shock.
Nano-Zero-Valent Iron: An Emerging Technology for Contaminated Site Remediation (2014)

Soil contamination is by definition a very complex and expensive problem to solve, because a three-phase medium is contaminated by chemicals, commonly as mixtures, which not only interact together but also with each phase of the soil concurrently. Although pump-and-treat, monitored natural attenuation, and vertical engineered barriers are the most frequently applied groundwater treatment technologies for contaminated sites, new remediation technologies have appeared as emerging trends. The most promising among them is nanoremediation, a technology based on the injection of nanoparticles (NPs) into contaminated aquifers for transformation and detoxification of pollutants. The most widely NPs among them is nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI), which may be used for organic or inorganic contaminants such as heavy metals and especially hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). The present study aims at reviewing the current knowledge on Cr(VI) remediation by nZVI, focusing on the mechanisms by which Cr(VI) is treated by nZVI, the fate and transport of these NPs in the subsurface, the modifications of nZVI, and the removal efficiency that have been published. Finally, the potential toxicity created after the injection of nZVI particles in aquifers is also discussed.
Design of an Interactive Virtual Factory Using Cell Formation Methodologies (1999)

Abstract This paper describes an interactive virtual environment for modeling and designing factories and shop floors. The factory building tool is developed as an open architecture in which various modules can be utilized to quickly implement factory design algorithms ranging from plant layout to factory flow analysis. Software modules and utilities have been implemented to allow easy set-up of the visual interface. In this paper this virtual factory is used to implement cellular manufacturing (CM) system. CM has traditionally been a very complicated system to implement in practice. However the productivity rise obtained by the successful implementation of the system has been proved to be immense. Several issues involved in implementing CM within our virtual factory machine modeling and interface designs for defining the cells, are discussed. The mathematical clustering algorithm called Modified Boolean Method was implemented to automatically generate complex virtual environments. The virtual factory makes the process of CM-based factory design a very easy and intuitive process. Virtual factory interface also allows easy reassignment of machines and parts, subcontracting of bottleneck parts and rearranging of machines within the same design environment, making this a productive industrial tool.
FDTD simulation of ultrashort pulse generation via optoelectronic switches (1997)

A new FDTD simulation model for picosecond and subpicosecond photoconductive switches is reported in this article. These switches have received increasing attention in recent years for applications such as ultrafast optoelectronics and ultrabroadband electronics. By applying a novel voltage source formulation and the lumped-element technique, pulse generation through a single switching unit in a transmission line and switches in different pulse-forming networks are simulated with the use of the FDTD. Our simulation results agree well with experimental data and clearly illustrate the effects of the dispersion of the transmission line and the pulse-forming networks on ultrashort pulse formation. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 14, 204–207, 1997.
Distance estimation algorithm for both long and short ranges based on stereo vision system (2008)

We present a distance measurement method based on stereo vision system while guaranteeing accuracy and reliability. It has been considered as difficult problem to measure both long and short distance with a stereo vision system accurately due to sampling error and camera sensor error. To resolve these problems of the stereo vision system, we utilize an algorithm which is consisted of a modified sub-pixel displacement method to enhance the accuracy of disparity and strong tracking Kalman filter (STKF) to reduce the camera sensor errors. Our displacement method and the usefulness of STKF are verified as compared to other displacement methods and conventional Kalman filter (CKF) through simulating on the several distance ranges. The Monte-Carlo simulation results show that our algorithm is capable of measuring up to hundreds of meters while root mean square error (RMSE) maintains about 0.04 at all ranges, even though the target vehicle maneuvers or moves nonlinearly.
A Filterless Design with Point-to-multipoint Transceivers for Cost-Effective and Challenging Metro/Regional Aggregation Topologies (2022)

Point-to-multipoint (P2MP) optical coherent transceivers, which take advantage of digital subcarrier multiplexing, can greatly simplify design, planning and operations in next-generation high-capacity metro aggregation networks.In this paper, we investigate their utilization over two complex network scenarios: urban/industrial and suburban/rural. We provide evidence that with P2MP technology, it is possible to achieve a 32% Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) savings compared to the use of traditional point-to-point (P2P) transceivers, and 41% in the case of increased aggregation in a short-term scenario.