gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Forced Expression of MMP9 Rescues the Loss of Angiogenesis and Abrogates Metastasis of Pancreatic Tumors Triggered by the Absence of Host SPARC (2008)

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is characterized by desmoplasia, local invasion, and metastasis. These features are regulated in part by MMP9 and SPARC. To explore the interaction of SPARC and MMP9 in cancer, we first established orthotopic pancreatic tumors in SPARC-null and wild-type mice with the murine pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line, PAN02. MMP9 expression was higher in tumors from wild-type compared to SPARC-null mice. Coincident with lower MMP9 expression, tumors grown in SPARC-null mice were significantly larger, had decreased ECM deposition and reduced microvessel density compared to wild-type controls. In addition, metastasis was enhanced in the absence of host SPARC. Therefore, we next analyzed the orthotopic tumor growth of PAN02 cells transduced with MMP9 or a control empty vector. Forced expression of MMP9 by the PAN02 cells resulted in larger tumors in both wild-type and SPARC-null animals compared to empty vector controls and further diminished ECM deposition. Importantly, forced expression of MMP9 within the tumor reversed the decrease in angiogenesis and abrogated the metastatic potential displayed by control tumors grown in SPARC-null mice. Finally, contrary to the in vivo results, MMP9 increased cell migration in vitro, which was blocked by the addition of SPARC. These results suggest that SPARC and MMP9 interact to regulate many stages of tumor progression including ECM deposition, angiogenesis and metastasis.
Control of Highly Precise Actuator with PZT and Displacement Expander for Evaluation of Magnetic Recording (2002)

A spin stand which is used to evaluate read-write performance of magnetic heads and media can not become able to allow thermal drift of its mechanism and run out of its air spindle motor. Accuracy and mechanical stiffness of the spin stand supported the highly precise measurement of the magnetic recording. However, as an allowable tracking error will reach within 10nm, the future spin stand will need track follow with a fine actuator. A new PZT actuator which has characteristic of a resonance frequency 3.31 kHz and a displacement 7.24μm/50V has been manufactured. The analysis of the structure using FEM (finite element method) and control performance of the PZT actuator via the displacement feedback control system with DSP (Digital Signal Processor) has been discussed.
Hot‐Electron‐Induced Photothermal Catalysis for Energy‐Dependent Molecular Oxygen Activation (2020)

Abstract Hot electrons activate reactants and reduce the activation energy barrier ( E a ) of a reaction through electron donation. However, a comprehensive understanding of the intrinsic driving force of this electron‐donating effect is lacking, let alone the precise manipulation of electron donation processes. Herein, the essential and promotional role of hot electron energy on the electron‐donating effect was elucidated using molecular oxygen activation (MOA) as a model reaction. Through providing an available electron source to the conventional photo‐thermal conversion system, the high energy carried by hot electrons was liberated and greatly enhanced the electron donation towards the LUMO (π*) orbit of O 2 . The energy was also transferred to O 2 and elevated the potential energy surface (PES) of MOA, which was reflected by the enhanced formation of superoxide oxygen anions. As predicted, the E a of MOA decreased by 45.1 % and exhibited a substantial light dependence, demonstrating that MOA became energy‐efficient due to improved exploitation and conversion of photon energies.
Enhanced stabilization of collagen-based dermal regeneration scaffolds through the combination of physical and chemical crosslinking (2008)

The use of collagen in the biomedical device industry has led to major advances in soft tissue repair. This is attributed largely to the favourable biological and physiochemical properties of collagen. Regenerative medicine and tissue engineering favoured the use of this biomaterial and various commercial products have become available in the past few decades. This study aims to develop a collagen and chondroitin-6-sulphate dermal regeneration scaffold with enhanced resistance against enzymatic degradation. Frozen slurries (0.5% collagen) were dried under vacuum, coated with silicone, crosslinked and then thoroughly rinsed. The scaffolds were subjected to a range of quantitative and qualitative tests that included: scanning electron microscopy analysis, collagenase enzymatic degradation, and cytotoxicity assessment. Scaffold resistance to enzymatic degradation was manipulated after dehydrothermal treatment by employing combinations of crosslinking agents, such as glutaraldehyde and/or carbodiimide, with or without the presence of L-lysine. Results indicate that highly porous (mean pore diameter of 87.3 µm), bioactive, non-cytotoxic tissue engineering matrices were obtained. Enhanced stability of these scaffolds was achieved through extensive crosslinking and suggests the potential to prevent in vivo wound contraction sufficiently.
Visual complications after coil embolization of internal carotid artery aneurysms at the ophthalmic segment (2021)

The location of OphA origin regarding the aneurysmal neck and postoperative OphA flow were significantly correlated with the visual outcome after coil embolization for ICA-OphA ANs. Post-procedural flow in the OphA was an important factor affecting the rate of ischemic retinal complications. Retinal embolic events occurred with preserved flow in the OphA, albeit at a lower rate.
Genome-wide association study identifies multiple susceptibility loci for multiple myeloma (2016)

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy with a significant heritable basis. Genome-wide association studies have transformed our understanding of MM predisposition, but individual studies have had limited power to discover risk loci. Here we perform a meta-analysis of these GWAS, add a new GWAS and perform replication analyses resulting in 9,866 cases and 239,188 controls. We confirm all nine known risk loci and discover eight new loci at 6p22.3 (rs34229995, P=1.31 × 10(-8)), 6q21 (rs9372120, P=9.09 × 10(-15)), 7q36.1 (rs7781265, P=9.71 × 10(-9)), 8q24.21 (rs1948915, P=4.20 × 10(-11)), 9p21.3 (rs2811710, P=1.72 × 10(-13)), 10p12.1 (rs2790457, P=1.77 × 10(-8)), 16q23.1 (rs7193541, P=5.00 × 10(-12)) and 20q13.13 (rs6066835, P=1.36 × 10(-13)), which localize in or near to JARID2, ATG5, SMARCD3, CCAT1, CDKN2A, WAC, RFWD3 and PREX1. These findings provide additional support for a polygenic model of MM and insight into the biological basis of tumour development.
Modeling time-dependent phenomena in plasma spraying of liquid precursors (2008)

Abstract The recently developed plasma spray processes using liquid precursors make it possible to produce finely structured coatings with a broad range of microstructures and, thus, properties. However, coating reproducibility and control of the deposition efficiency are critical to industrial acceptance of these processes. Both depend on time-dependent interactions between the plasma jet and liquid material. Transient and realistic modeling of the liquid spray process may help to increase the understanding of the process. A comprehensive model should involve the formation of the plasma jet inside the torch and the transient specific treatment (break-up, droplet collision, coalescence, evaporation, chemistry) of the liquid material in the plasma jet. If much progress has been recently made on the modeling of the interaction of arc and transverse flow in the plasma torch, further theoretical and experimental research is needed, especially in respect of liquid injection and fragmentation under plasma spray conditions.
Determination of Ascorbic Acid Concentration in Commercially Available Fruit Drinks in Bangladesh (2019)

Aim: Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is the most important food constituent because of its antioxidant and functional activity. The study aims to determine the Vitamin C content in commercially available fruit drinks collected from selected shops in Bangladesh. Study Design: This study is an experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: The present study was conducted in the food analysis laboratory of Department Food Technology and Nutrition Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, from January 2019 to May 2019. In the present study, a total of 22 branded different fruit drinks samples (orange, mango, lichi) were collected from the local market of Noakhali, Bangladesh. Methodology: Vitamin C was analyzed with the titrimetric method and Sugar content, pH was also successfully determined by refractometer, pH meter respectively. Results: The analyzed Vitamin C was found in the range of 2.96 to 70 mg/100 ml. Sugar content, pH was also successfully determined from the samples. The majority of the samples were found less in vitamin C concentration while only two samples (samples 3, 18) were found high the vitamin C concentration. Conclusion: From the above study, titrimetric analysis proves itself as a scientific method in the determination of vitamin C concentration in the samples.
Comparative floral development in Lardizabalaceae (Ranunculales) (2011)

Lardizabalaceae, one of seven families of Ranunculales, represent a monophyletic group. The family has functionally unisexual flowers with the organs in trimerous whorls, petaloid sepals and sometimes nectariferous petals. Among Ranunculales, Lardizabalaceae share several floral characters and climbing habit with Menispermaceae, but molecular analyses indicate that Circaeasteraceae and Lardizabalaceae form a strongly supported clade. Morphological and ontogenetic studies of flowers have proved to be a good complement to molecular data in clarifying relationships. Floral organogenesis has been studied in very few species of the family. This study investigates the comparative floral development of three species from three genera (Decaisnea, Akebia and Holboellia) of Lardizabalaceae using scanning electron microscopy. Flowers have a whorled phyllotaxis. Within each whorl, the organs are initiated either simultaneously or in a rapid spiral sequence. In Akebia, six sepals are initiated, but one to three sepals of the second whorl do not further develop. The presence of three sepals in Akebia is thus a developmentally secondary simplification. The petals (if present) are retarded in early developmental stages; stamens and petals are different in shape from the beginning of development. The retarded petals may not be derived from staminodes in Lardizabalaceae.
Thermal and Catalytic Conversion of Waste Plastics into Hydrocarbon Materials (2011)

A simple thermal and catalytic cracking of several waste plastics (polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene) to liquid hydrocarbon fuel have been established. The process was performed at 370-420℃ under atmospheric pressure and condition. The yield percentages were 90% flammable liquid hydrocarbon fuel, 5% flammable hydrocarbon gas and 5% nonflammable solid char. During the process molecular sieves, organophilic (HZSM-5) cracking catalyst was used to accelerate the breakdown of long chain hydrocarbons to short chain hydrocarbons. Instrumental analysis of the produced fuel shows that mainly aliphatics, aromatics, oxygenated and nitrogenated hydrocarbon compounds are present. Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometer (GC/MS) analysis shows the carbon chain in the fuel ranges from C3-C27, and the highest peaks being displayed at C9 compound. Some physical property of fuel include API gravity at 60oF is 49.7oAPI, pour point 48.2oF, cloud point 53.6oF and Btu value 127,413/gallon. The produce fuel can be used to power majority of combustion engines or feedstock for refinery.
Stress-Inducible Cellular Responses (1995)

I: Functions of stress proteins in unstressed cells.- Normal protein folding machinery.- Roles for hsp70 in protein translocation across membranes of organelles.- Protein folding and assembly in the endoplasmic reticulum.- Involvement of molecular chaperones in intracellular protein breakdown.- Molecular chaperoning of steroid hormone receptors.- Protein disulfide isomerase: A multifunctional protein of the endoplasmic reticulum.- II: Regulation of inducible stress responses.- Sensing stress and responding to stress.- The transcriptional regulation of heat shock genes: A plethora of heat shock factors and regulatory conditions.- Transcriptional regulation of stress-inducible genes in procaryotes.- The impact of oxidative stress on eukaryotic iron metabolism.- Heat-shock induced protein modifications and modulation of enzyme activities.- SOS response as an adaptive response to DNA damage in prokaryotes.- III: Cellular responses to specific stresses.- Transcriptional regulators of oxidative stress-inducible genes in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.- UV activation of mammalian stress proteins.- Signaling events controlling the molecular response to genotoxic stress.- Mammalian DNA repair responses and genomic instability.- Toxic metal-responsive gene transcription.- Tumor necrosis factor and lymphotoxin: Protection against oxidative stress through induction of MnSOD.- IV: Paradigms for complex stress responses.- Viral infection.- Infection, autoimmunity and autoimmune disease.- Stress proteins in inflammation.- Attenuated heat shock transcriptional response in aging: Molecular mechanism and implication in the biology of aging.- V: Applications of stress responses in toxicology and pharmacology.- Stress proteins as molecular biomarkers for environmental toxicology.- Thermotolerance and heat shock proteins: Possible involvement of Ku autoantigen in regulating HSP70 expression.- Heat shock proteins as immunological carriers and vaccines.- Regulation of thermotolerance and ischemic tolerance.- Future applications.- Outlook.
Open Multi-Object Auctions (2017)

The revelation principle (see theorem 3.3.1) suggests that if a social-choice function can be implemented by an arbitrary indirect mechanism (e.g., an open auction) then the same function can be implemented by a truthful direct revelation mechanism. Analyzing direct mechanisms is often more convenient, and the revelation principle allows one to argue that this restriction is without loss of generality. Yet there are cases where one prefers to implement and model the indirect version of a mechanism rather than its direct counterpart.
Mutagenic and Recombinagenic Responses to Defective DNA Polymerase δ Are Facilitated by the Rev1 Protein in pol3-t Mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2008)

Defective DNA replication can result in substantial increases in the level of genome instability. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the pol3-t allele confers a defect in the catalytic subunit of replicative DNA polymerase delta that results in increased rates of mutagenesis, recombination, and chromosome loss, perhaps by increasing the rate of replicative polymerase failure. The translesion polymerases Pol eta, Pol zeta, and Rev1 are part of a suite of factors in yeast that can act at sites of replicative polymerase failure. While mutants defective in the translesion polymerases alone displayed few defects, loss of Rev1 was found to suppress the increased rates of spontaneous mutation, recombination, and chromosome loss observed in pol3-t mutants. These results suggest that Rev1 may be involved in facilitating mutagenic and recombinagenic responses to the failure of Pol delta. Genome stability, therefore, may reflect a dynamic relationship between primary and auxiliary DNA polymerases.
Evidence of Degradation of Triarylmethine Dyes on Texas Vermiculite (2009)

Abstract Synthetic dyes in industrial effluents pose a significant risk to human health and the environment, so much effort has been expended to degrade them using various methods, including the use of clay minerals as catalysts. The purpose of this study was to advance understanding of the mechanisms for clay-catalyzed degradation of crystal violet (CV) and other triarylmethine dyes using three different vermiculite clays (Llano, Texas, VTx-1; Ojen, OV; and Russian, RV), a montmorillonite (SWy-1), and a Spanish sepiolite (SEP). While OV, RV, SWy-1, and SEP showed almost no activity with respect to dye degradation, VTx-1 caused complete removal of the dye from solution up to the equivalent of 200% of the cation exchange capacity of the clay. While large amounts of dye were removed from the solution, no change in basal spacing was observed by X-ray diffraction. The kinetics of removal of CV from solution began after a lag period of &gt;10 days in a process that can be described by pseudo-second order kinetics. By comparison, adsorption of CV onto SWy-1 and SEP was immediate, without any lag period. Sonication treatment of the VTx-1 vermiculite suspension caused the CV removal process to begin immediately. Fourier-transform infrared measurements of adsorption of CV on clays revealed that for the OV and RV vermiculites, SEP sepiolite, and SWy-1 montmorillonite the spectra were similar to the original dye; the spectra of the VTx-1-dye differed considerably, however, exhibiting vibrations of methylene groups (—CH 2 —) which were not present in the CV molecule. The significant changes in the IR spectrum indicated that CV underwent degradation on the surface of the VTx-1 vermiculite. Carbon-content analysis led to the conclusion that degradation products remained bound to the clay. Similar effects were observed for two other triarylmethine dyes (malachite green and methyl green) added to VTx-1, indicated that it may, therefore, be considered suitable as a sorbent to remove and decompose such dyes from industrial effluents. Pretreatment by sonication would remove the need for long incubation times.
주권발행 前 주식의 이중양도 :대법원 2014. 4. 30. 선고 2013다99942 판결 (2016)

대법원 2014. 04. 30. 선고 2013다99942 판결은 주권발행 전 주식이 이중양도된 뒤 제1주식양수인인 원고와 제2주식양수인이 모두 확정일자 있는 문서에 의한 통지 · 승낙의 요건을 갖추지 아니한 이상 제2양수인은 원고에 대해 주주로서의 우선적 지위를 주장할 수 없으나, 명의개서를 하지 아니한 원고에 대하여 주주총회 소집통지를 하지 않았다고 하여 주주총회 결의에 부존재나 무효에 이르는 중대한 흠이 있다고도 할 수 없다 판시하였다. 주권발행 전 주식양도는 민법상 지명채권양도방식에 의하여 이루어진다. 만약, 두 양수인 모두 확정일자 없는 통지 · 승낙만으로 회사에 대항력을 갖춘 경우 선통지한 양수인이 우선할 것이다. 그러므로 대상판결이 제2양수인이 명의개서를 갖추었다고 하더라도 확정일자 있는 통지 · 승낙을 갖추지 못한 이상 원고에 대한 관계에서 주주로서의 우선적 지위에 있음을 주장할 수 없다고 판단함은 정당하다. 여기에서 주주권 ‘취득’의 대항요건과 회사에 주주권을 ‘행사’하기 위한 명의개서의 대항력은 구분되기에, 명의개서 여부는 주주권 취득의 우열관계 판단에 영향을 주지 않는다. 그리고 대상판결은 제1양수인은 아직 명의개서를 마치지 않았으므로, 편면적 구속설에 따라 피고 회사는 기존주주에게 주주총회 소집통지를 한 것으로 판단한 것으로 보인다. 이에 대하여는 면책력의 한계 법리에 따라 소집통지 및 총회 결의가 위법이라는 반대견해가 존재한다. 그런데 명의개서의 면책력의 한계는 명의개서 신청서의 위조, 명의대여 등에 따라 명의개서가 잘못 이루어지고 회사가 이에 대하여 쉽게 입증할 수 있는 경우에 적용되는 이론으로, 본 사안에서는 명의개서의 면책력이 아닌 명의개서의 대항력만이 문제 될 것이다. 마지막으로, 대상판결은 일부 지분에 대하여 제2양수인들에게 소집통지가 이루어졌음에도 불구하고 이를 기존주주인 양도인에게 소집통지가 이루어진 것으로 보아 결의가 무효 · 부존재에 이르지 않는다고 판단하였다. 그러나 소집통지는 주주가 기준이 되는 것이 아니라 지분을 기준으로 이루어져야 하므로 이러한 대상판결의 해석은 타당하지 않다.
Microsoft® .NET Remoting (2002)

From the Publisher:
This title shows developers how to build Internet-based, distributed applications using Microsoft .NET Remoting, which enables powerful remote interaction among objects. A fundamental understanding of .NET Remoting is crucial as developers shift to developing distributed, Internet-based applications. Until recently, DCOM was the preferred method for developing distributed applications on Microsoft platforms. But as this book demonstrates, the .NET Remoting architecture is much easier to use and extend than DCOM. The book covers all aspects of .NET Remoting, including in-depth coverage of the .NET Remoting architecture plus concrete examples, best practices, and performance tips to show how to extend and customize the framework.
Laser ablation atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry imaging of phytochemicals from sage leaves (2014)

We show that MSI with LAAPPI is a useful tool for concurrently studying the distribution of polar and nonpolar compounds, such as phytochemicals, directly from complex biological samples, and it can provide information that is not available by other, established methods.
Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, X-ray structure and electrochemistry of new bis(1,2-diaminocyclohexane)gold(iii) chloride compounds and their anticancer activities against PC3 and SGC7901 cancer cell lines (2014)

Promising cytotoxic gold(<sc>iii</sc>) complexes with general formula [Au{(1,2-DACH)}<sub>2</sub>]Cl<sub>3</sub> are reported.
Bed Agglomeration Characteristics during Fluidized Bed Combustion of Biomass Fuels (2000)

The in-bed behavior of ash-forming elements in fluidized bed combustion (FBC) of different biomass fuels was examined by SEM/EDS analysis of samples collected during controlled agglomeration test runs. Eight fuels were chosen for the test. To cover the variations in biomass characteristics and to represent as many combinations of ash-forming elements in biomass fuels as possible, the selection was based on a principal-component analysis of some 300 biomass fuels, with respect to ash-forming elements. The fuels were then combusted in a bench-scale fluidized bed reactor (5 kW), and their specific agglomeration temperatures were determined. Bed samples were collected throughout the tests, and coatings and necks formed were characterized by SEM/EDS analyses. On the basis of their compositions, the corresponding melting behaviors were determined, using data extracted from phase diagrams. The bench-scale reactor bed samples were finally compared with bed samples collected from biomass-fired full-scale fluidized bed boilers. In all the analyzed samples, the bed particles were coated with a relatively homogeneous ash layer. The compositions of these coatings were most commonly constricted to the ternary system K2O-CaO-SiO2. Sulfur and chlorine were further found not to "participate" in the agglomeration mechanism. The estimated melting behavior of the bed coating generally correlated well with the measured agglomeration temperature, determined in the 5 kW bench-scale fluidized bed reactor. Thus, the results indicate that partial melting of the coating of the bed particles would be directly responsible for the agglomeration.
Optical metasurfaces for high angle steering at visible wavelengths (2017)

Metasurfaces have facilitated the replacement of conventional optical elements with ultrathin and planar photonic structures. Previous designs of metasurfaces were limited to small deflection angles and small ranges of the angle of incidence. Here, we have created two types of Si-based metasurfaces to steer visible light to a large deflection angle. These structures exhibit high diffraction efficiencies over a broad range of angles of incidence. We have demonstrated metasurfaces working both in transmission and reflection modes based on conventional thin film silicon processes that are suitable for the large-scale fabrication of high-performance devices.
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of theThermoanaerobacter ethanolicussecondary alcohol dehydrogenase I86A mutant (2010)

The Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus secondary alcohol dehydrogenase I86A mutant is stereospecific for (R)-alcohols instead of (S)-alcohols. Pyramidal crystals grown in the presence of (R)-phenylethanol via the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method diffracted to 3.2 A resolution at the Canadian Light Source. The crystal belonged to the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 80.23, b = 124.90, c = 164.80 A. The structure was solved by molecular replacement using the structure of T. brockii SADH (PDB entry 1ykf).