gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photocatalysis and photoinduced hydrophilicity of WO3 thin films with underlying Pt nanoparticles (2008)

The photocatalytic oxidation and photoinduced hydrophilicity of thin tungsten trioxide (WO(3)) films coupled with platinum (Pt) nanoparticles were investigated. WO(3) films with underlying Pt nanoparticles (WO(3)/Pt/substrate) and those with overlying Pt nanoparticles (Pt/WO(3)/substrate) were synthesized by sputtering and sol-gel methods. Between these films, underlying Pt nanoparticles greatly enhanced the photocatalytic oxidation activity of WO(3) without decreasing the photoinduced hydrophilic conversion. However, overlying Pt nanoparticles deteriorated the hydrophilicity of WO(3) because the Pt nanoparticle surface was hydrophobic. The enhanced photocatalytic reaction by the Pt nanoparticles was attributed to the multi-electron reduction in Pt, which is caused by the injected electrons from the conduction band of WO(3). The relationship between photocatalytic activity and thin film structure, including the size of Pt nanoparticles, the thickness and porosity of the WO(3) layer, were investigated. Consequently, the optimum structure for high performance in both photocatalysis and photoinduced hydrophilicity was WO(3) (50 nm)/Pt(1.5 nm)/substrate, and this film exhibited a significant self-cleaning property even under visible light irradiation.
Stable and reusable electrochemical sensor for continuous monitoring of phosphate in water (2014)

Orthophosphates are one of the major pollutants of water resources worldwide. However, a simple autonomous and continuous method to measure them does not exist. Here we present a novel design of electrochemical phosphate (PO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3-</sup> ) sensor that is stable, reagent-less, can be used multiple times without degradation and is not significantly affected by common interferences. This new design has been shown to have good sensing response of phosphate in the concentration spanning clean to waste water (10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> to 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> M). It also overcomes the two major disadvantages of other phosphate sensors, namely: lifetime and interference by its unique design. Due to its many advantages, this sensor is a viable option for autonomous and continuous monitoring of phosphates in the environment.
Determination of residue levels in juvenile rainbow trouts treated by 17 alpha-methyltestosterone for sex reversal (1990)

peer reviewed
Abordagem racional no planejamento de novos tuberculostáticos: inibidores da InhA, enoil-ACP redutase do M. tuberculosis (2008)

Associada à disseminação da infecção causada pelo HIV, a tuberculose (TB) é considerada, atualmente, problema mundial de saúde pública devido às proporções que vem assumindo. A resistência micobacteriana aos fármacos utilizados na terapêutica é a principal causa da reincidência da TB. Diante deste quadro alarmante, o desenvolvimento de novos e seletivos fármacos anti-TB se faz urgente e necessário. A biossíntese de ácidos graxos é um processo bioquímico realizado por procariotos e eucariotos, o qual fornece precursores essenciais à montagem de componentes celulares importantes, tais como fosfolipídeos, lipoproteínas, lipopolissacarídeos, ácidos micólicos e envelope celular. As diferenças bioquímicas e funcionais entre o mecanismo biossintético de ácidos graxos em bactérias e mamíferos tornam-no alvo relevante ao planejamento de novos antibacterianos, mais seletivos e menos tóxicos. As enoil-ACP redutases são enzimas cruciais à etapa de alongamento de ácidos graxos, considerados produtos intermediários na biossíntese de ácidos micólicos - os principais componentes da parede celular micobacteriana. Portanto, tais enzimas são tidas como alvos moleculares no planejamento racional de novos tuberculostáticos. Avanços recentes no processo de descoberta de novos agentes anti-TB, particularmente os inibidores da enoil-ACP redutase, serão discutidos nesta revisão.
Determination of rare earth elements in wine by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry using a microconcentric nebulizer (1996)

A method for the direct determination of REEs in undiluted wine by ICP-MS was developed. The performance of a microconcentric nebulizer (MCN) was optimized regarding the nebulizer gas flow rate and sample uptake rate for all the REEs in terms of signal intensity and signal-to-noise ratio. The effect of ethanol on the sensitivity was also studied. Possible spectral interferences were identified and are discussed in detail. The MCN was shown to reduce the sample consumption to 30–50 µl min–1 and to decrease the matrix signal suppression by a factor of 2–5 in comparison with a de Galan nebulizer. Polyatomic interferences were found to be negligible except for those of BaO on 151Eu, 153Eu and 155Gd and of 139La16O on 155Gd. Data obtained with three different ICP-MS instruments were compared. Several wines from different vineyards in France, California and Australia were analysed for REEs. The REE concentration patterns showed inter-continental and inter-regional variations, whereas no difference was observed for different vintages from the same vineyard over a period of several years.
A Survey on Multi-unmanned Aerial Vehicle Communications for Autonomous Inspections (2019)

The system design of autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) poses several challenges for the wireless communication concerning performance, resiliency, and scalability. The UAV system is typically restricted by flying time limitations due to energy constraints and can benefit from coordination of tasks among UAVs. It may further profit from cooperation between UAVs to share information context, maintain flying formation, extend communication range etc. In this paper, we review communication schemes for clusters of autonomous UAVs cooperation. Performance metrics for assessing those schemes are investigated. We provide a survey of candidate wireless communication technologies considering a power line inspection target application. Performance measurements and UAV related channel modeling of those candidate technologies are reviewed. We present how the requirements of the UAVs communication system are identified through the application specification.
Renal transport of taurine adapts to perturbed taurine homeostasis. (1982)

Renal adaptation apparently contributes to the homeostasis of taurine, a beta-amino compound that behaves as a conserved metabolite in the mammal. We studied two strains of inbred mice: C3H/HeJ (low-taurine excreter) and C57BL/6J (high-taurine excreter due to impaired basolateral membrane permeability to taurine). Low-protein and low-sulfur amino acid diets fed for two weeks significantly decreased plasma taurine in both strains, decreased fractional taurine excretion in vivo (particularly in the C57BL strain), and increased net uptake of taurine by renal cortex slices and isolated brush-border membrane vesicles (BBMV) in vitro in both strains. Renal adaptation was less obvious in vivo in the low-taurine excreter C3H strain, but in vitro adaptation, as observed in slices and BBMV (P less than 0.01), was greater than that observed in the C57BL strain. Renal cellular taurine content fell (P less than 0.01) only in the adapted C3H strain. The in vitro adaptive response was not confined to taurine; BBMV uptake of D-glucose and L-alanine was also enhanced in the adapted state. Specificity of the stimulus for adaptation was tested with a low-phenylalanine diet; a modest adaptation was observed in vivo and in vitro but only in the C3H strain. BBMV adaptation did not correlate with blood methionine but correlated inversely with plasma taurine (r = 0.71, P less than 0.05), implying that change in extracellular taurine may be a signal for renal adaptation in taurine homeostasis in the mammal.
FPGA HPC using OpenCL (2018)

FPGAs have typically achieved high speedups for 3D Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs) due to the presence of hard floating point units, low latency specialized pipelines, and support for complex connectivity among processing elements. Previous implementations have relied on FFT IP cores for performing the computation due to the complexity of manually developing and maintaining/upgrading efficient pipelines in HDL. These IP cores, however, are bulky and cannot be fully tuned for specific FFT sizes due to use of generic architectures. HLS tools, such as OpenCL, offer a more customizable alternative but have suffered from worse performance than HDL in previous work. In this paper we show that, using a set of code structure optimizations, OpenCL designs can be compiled to Radix-2 FFT pipelines which outperform IP core based designs for the same throughput. We further show that the HDL generated by the OpenCL compiler can be isolated and seamlessly integrated into existing 3D FFT shells to reduce implementation effort. Our single device design, tested on the Altera Arria10X115 FPGA, achieves an average speedup of 29x vs CPU-MKL, 4.1x vs GPU cuFFT and 1.1x vs IP Core FFT implementations for 163, 323 and 643 FFTs. Moreover, OpenCL generated compute pipelines for 83, 163, 323 and 643 FFTs use an average of 7.5x fewer ALMs and 1.6x fewer DSPs than corresponding IP core versions.
Functional Ultrasonography in Gastroenterology (1988)

​Ultrasound Quarterly provides coverage of the newest, most sophisticated ultrasound techniques as well as in-depth analysis of important developments in this dynamic field. The journal publishes reviews of a wide variety of topics including trans-vaginal ultrasonography, detection of fetal anomalies, color Doppler flow imaging, pediatric ultrasonography, and breast sonography. Official Journal of the Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound
Synthesis and Characterization of a 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole-b-alkyne-b-1,4- bis(2-ethylhexyloxy)benzene Terpolymer, a Stable Low-Band-Gap Poly(heteroaryleneethynylene) (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTSynthesis and Characterization of a 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole-b-alkyne-b-1,4- bis(2-ethylhexyloxy)benzene Terpolymer, a Stable Low-Band-Gap Poly(heteroaryleneethynylene)Carlito G. Bangcuyo, Una Evans, Michael L. Myrick, and Uwe H. F. BunzView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 Cite this: Macromolecules 2001, 34, 22, 7592–7594Publication Date (Web):September 28, 2001Publication History Received19 July 2001Revised24 August 2001Published online28 September 2001Published inissue 1 October 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma0112772https://doi.org/10.1021/ma0112772rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1448Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Electrical conductivity,Polymers,Redox reactions,Thin films Get e-Alerts
Destabilizing Universal Linkers for Signal Amplification in Self-Ligating Probes for RNA (2004)

Recent studies have established the utility of oligonucleotide ligation methods in the detection of DNAs and RNAs in solution and in cellular imaging. Notably, the ligated full-length oligonucleotide products commonly bind to the target nucleic acid much more tightly than do the two starting half-probes, which effectively limits the resulting signals to one per target. Here, we report on a molecular strategy for destabilizing ligated products in template-promoted self-ligation reactions, thus yielding multiple signals per target. A new universal linker design is described in which a dabsyl leaving group is placed on a short alkane tether. This allows the placement of an electrophile at the end of any DNA sequence, in contrast to earlier ligation strategies, and it also speeds reaction rates by a factor of 4-5. This new class of molecular linker/activator yields as much as 92-fold amplification of signals in DNA and RNA detection, and proceeds without enzymes, added reagents, or thermal cycling. The linker is shown to destabilize the ligation product without destabilizing the transition state for ligation. This lowers product inhibition, and the target DNA or RNA thus becomes a catalyst for isothermally generating multiple signals for its detection. This enhanced signal generation is demonstrated in solution experiments and in solid supported assays.
A dynamic jamming point for shear thickening suspensions (2009)

We report on rheometry measurements to characterize critical behavior in two model shear thickening suspensions: cornstarch in water and glass spheres in oil. The slope of the shear thickening part of the viscosity curve is found to increase dramatically with packing fraction and diverge at a critical packing fraction phi_c. The magnitude of the viscosity and the yield stress are also found to have scalings that diverge at phi_c. We observe shear thickening as long as the yield stress is less than the stress at the viscosity maximum. Above this point the suspensions transition to purely shear thinning. Based on these data we present a dynamic jamming phase diagram for suspensions and show that a limiting case of shear thickening corresponds to a jammed state.
A new algorithm for distance cartogram construction (2008)

A distance cartogram is a diagram that visualizes the proximity indices between points in a network, such as time–distances between cities. The Euclidean distances between the points on the distance cartogram represent the given proximity indices. This is a useful visualization tool for the level of service of transport, e.g. difference in the level of service between regions or points in a network and its improvement in the course of time. The two previously proposed methods—multidimensional scaling (MDS) and network time–space mapping—have certain advantages and disadvantages. However, we observe that these methods are essentially the same, and the merits of both these methods can be combined to formulate a generalized solution. In this study, we first formulate the time–space mapping problem, which includes the key features of both of the above stated methods, and propose a generalized solution. We then apply this solution to the time–distances of Japan's railway networks to confirm its applicability.
Rosacea: a review. (2009)

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory condition of the facial skin affecting the blood vessels and pilosebaceous units. Rosacea is more common in persons of northern and western European descent with a fair complexion, but it can affect skin of any color. Although symptoms may wax and wane during the short term, rosacea can progress with time. Patients usually present with complaints of flushing and blushing and sensitive skin, and their skin may be especially irritated by topical preparations. Rosacea has a variety of triggers; however, they may be unnoticed by the patient.Standard treatments approved by the FDA include azelaic acid, topical metronidazole, and oral tetracyclines, in particular minocycline and doxycycline. Other topical treatments include topical clindamycin, subantimicrobial-dose doxycycline, and sulfur products. Azithromycin and controlled-release minocycline are possible options for treating rosacea, but the FDA has not approved either agent for this indication.
Growth after Hypophyseal Stalk Transection and Hypophysectomy in Beef Calves (1998)

Growth hormone (GH) is a metabolic hormone that plays an important role in long-bone growth and muscle accretion in mammals. The anterior pituitary gland at the base of the brain is the primary site of GH production and release into the general circulation. Neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus in the lower part of the brain secrete GH-releasing hormone ([GHRH] or factor [GRF]) and GH-release-inhibiting hormone ([GHRIH] or somatostatin [SRIH]) that acutely modulate GH secretion by the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland is connected to the median eminence of the hypothalamus by a stalk (hypophyseal stalk). Complete surgical removal of the pituitary gland (hypophysectomy) arrests growth and greatly impairs metabolism in laboratory and farm animal species. Daily subcutaneous injection of bovine GH (bGH) in immature hypophysectomized rats significantly increased body growth and epiphyseal plate width of the long-bone (tibia) compared with diluent-treated hypophysectomized controls. Growth rate was less, however, in the bGH-treated animals compared with intact controls. In beef calves, hypophysectomy completely arrested body weight gain and long-bone growth. GH is secreted in an episodic pattern in young growing intact calves. Episodic GH secretion was abolished immediately following hypophyseal stalk transection, and basal GH blood concentration was less than in shamoperated controls. Regardless, growth continued in these stalk-transected calves during a 1,008-day period, but at a lower growth rate than seen in the sham-operated controls. At autopsy, pituitary gland weight was greatly decreased in hypophyseal stalktransected compared with sham-operated calves. Thus, in spite of obliterated episodic GH release and decreased basal secretion of GH, the isolated pituitary gland of hypophyseal stalk transected calves continues to secrete sufficient amounts of GH for significant growth and development throughout a long period.
MMP9 from Bone Marrow‐Derived Cells Regulates Arteriogenesis and Skeletal Muscle Regeneration in a Hindlimb Ischemia Model (2011)

Microvascular blood flow is regulated by vessel-, tissue-, and blood-derived factors that interact with, and feedback on, each other continuously through space and time. Through these factors, a local perturbation (i.e. occlusion of an arcade arteriole) can impact flow throughout an entire network. However, direct measurements of such network-wide responses are lacking, due, in large part, to methodological difficulty. Here, we developed and validated a laser speckle flowmetry (LSF) method for measuring changes in flow at single arteriole resolution throughout large, intact microvascular networks efficiently and quickly. Dorsal-skinfold window chambers were implanted on C57BL6 mice for observation of skin microcirculation. During intravital microscopy, a 658 nm wavelength laser illuminated the field of view for LSF using a spatial contrast algorithm. Flow measurements of individual microvessels generated by LSF were validated against those obtained through particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) of circulating fluorescent microspheres. The developed LSF method allowed for imaging vascular networks >80 mm2 in area and at a resolution of <10 μm/pixel in <10 minutes. Each network contained at least 40 measurable arteriolar and venular segments. Further, LSF measurements exhibited a significant correlation with PIV measurements within (R2=0.79±0.03, n=4) and across (R2=0.689) specimens with flow rates ranging from 0.07 to 8.1 μl/min. In conclusion, we have demonstrated the feasibility of using LSF for the measurement of microvascular relative flow across large microvascular networks. Future studies will seek to demonstrate the applicability of this technique across other commonly utilized intravital microscopy preparations. Supported by NIH HL74082 and AHA 10GRNT3490001.
Ultrafast Laser Writing in Different Types of Silica Glass (2023)

Abstract It is demonstrated that ultrafast laser writing in silica glass depends on the grade of silica glass associated with the method of its manufacture. Moreover, laser‐written modifications, in particular birefringent modifications, reveal a dependence on the geometry of writing, that is, the modification strength of voxels is smaller than that of single line structures and multi‐line scanned areas, which can be explained by free carrier diffusion and reduced electric field in scanning writing. The retardance of scanned birefringent region produced in the regime of anisotropic nanopores formation in silica glass manufactured by vapor axial deposition (VAD) is about five times higher than that in an electrically fused sample at the same laser writing parameters, while the difference in retardance of a nanograting based modification in synthetic and fused silica is only about 10%. The phenomenon is interpreted in terms of the higher concentration of oxygen deficient centers in the electrically fused silica glass, which can confine self‐trapped holes and prevent the nanopores formation. Improvement of high transmission optical elements is demonstrated in the VAD sample, and low cost multiplexed optical data storage with higher capacity and readout accuracy is realized in the electrically fused silica glass.
Supplemental Figure 1 from Association of Homologous Recombination–DNA Damage Response Gene Mutations with Immune Biomarkers in Gastroesophageal Cancers (2023)

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Procedural techniques for simulating the growth of plant leaves and adapting venation patterns (2015)

This paper presents biologically-motivated a procedural method for the simulation of leaf contour growth and venation development. We use a mathematical model for simulating the growth of a plant leaf. Leaf tissue is regarded as a viscous, incompressible fluid whose 2D expansion is determined by a spatially varying growth rate. Visually realistic development is described by a growth function RERG that reacts to hormone (auxin) sources embedded in the leaf blade. The shape of the leaf is determined by a set of feature points within the leaf contour. The contour is extracted from photos by utilizing a Curvature Scale Space (CSS) Corner Detection Algorithm. Auxin transport is described by an initial auxin flux from an auxin source to an auxin sink that is gradually channelized into cells with high levels of highly polarized transporters. The leaf is presented as a triangulated double layer structure that consists of a Voronoi-Diagram that is discretised along the vein structures.
Determination of perfluoroalkyl compounds in water, sediment, and biota. (2010)

This document provides advice on the analysis of polyfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs) in samples of water, sediment, and biota. The analysis of PFCs in these matrices generally includes extraction with organic solvents, clean‐up, and liquid chromatography (LC) with mass spectrometric (MS) detection. This document provides an overview of environmentally relevant PFCs and information on the currently applied techniques for the analysis of these PFCs, including sampling, pretreatment, extraction, clean‐up, instrumental analysis, quantification and quality assurance, and quality control.