gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Stay-at-Home orders and other COVID-related policies on trauma hospitalization rates and disparities in the USA: a statewide time-series analysis (2022)

Statewide Stay-at-Home orders placed Black/African American residents at higher risk of assault hospitalizations, exacerbating pre-existing disparities. Males 18-44 years old were also at higher risk of assault hospitalization. Fear of COVID-19 may have led to decreases in unintentional non-MVC hospitalization rates, particularly among older females. Policy makers must anticipate policy-related harms that may disproportionately affect already disadvantaged communities and develop mitigation approaches.
Diagnosis of Arrhythmias in Clinical Practice: A Step‐by‐Step Approach (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Determining the presence of a dominant rhythm Atrial wave analysis QRS complex analysis Atrioventricular relationship analysis Premature complex analysis Pause analysis Delayed complex analysis Analysis of the P wave, the QRS complexes and the ST-T of variable morphology (Figures 18.6–18.9 and Table 18.1) Repetitive arrhythmia analysis: bigeminal rhythm Differential diagnosis between several arrhythmias in special situations References
Integrated micro-optofluidic platform for real-time detection of airborne microorganisms (2015)

Abstract We demonstrate an integrated micro-optofluidic platform for real-time, continuous detection and quantification of airborne microorganisms. Measurements of the fluorescence and light scattering from single particles in a microfluidic channel are used to determine the total particle number concentration and the microorganism number concentration in real-time. The system performance is examined by evaluating standard particle measurements with various sample flow rates and the ratios of fluorescent to non-fluorescent particles. To apply this method to real-time detection of airborne microorganisms, airborne Escherichia coli , Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus epidermidis cells were introduced into the micro-optofluidic platform via bioaerosol generation and a liquid-type particle collection setup was used. We demonstrate successful discrimination of SYTO82-dyed fluorescent bacterial cells from other residue particles in a continuous and real-time manner. In comparison with traditional microscopy cell counting and colony culture methods, this micro-optofluidic platform is not only more accurate in terms of the detection efficiency for airborne microorganisms but it also provides additional information on the total particle number concentration.
Longitudinal Sequence and Functional Evolution within Glycoprotein E2 in Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 3a Infection (2015)

The E2 glycoprotein of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major target of the neutralizing antibody (NAb) response with the majority of epitopes located within its receptor binding domain (RBD; 384-661). Within E2 are three variable regions located at the N-terminus (HVR1; 384-411), and internally at 460-480 (HVR2) and 570-580 [intergenotypic variable region (igVR)], all of which lie outside a conserved core domain that contains the CD81 binding site, essential for attachment of virions to host cells and a major target of NAbs. In this study, we examined the evolution of the E1 and E2 region in two patients infected with genotype 3a virus. Whereas one patient was able to clear the acute infection, the other developed a chronic infection. Mutations accumulated at multiple positions within the N-terminal HVR1 as well as within the igVR in both patients over time, whereas mutations in HVR2 were observed only in the chronically infected patient. Mutations within or adjacent to the CD81 contact site were observed in both patients but were less frequent and more conservative in the patient that cleared his/her infection. The evolution of CD81 binding function and antigenicity was examined with longitudinal E2 RBD sequences. The ability of the RBD to bind CD81 was completely lost by week 108 in the patient that developed chronic HCV. In the second patient, the ability of the week 36 RBD, just prior to viral clearance, to bind CD81 was reduced ~50% relative to RBD sequences obtained earlier. The binding of a NAb specific to a conserved epitope located within E2 residues 411-428 was significantly reduced by week 108 despite complete conservation of its epitope suggesting that E2 antigenicity is allosterically modulated. The exposure of non-neutralizing antibody epitopes was similarly explored and we observed that the epitope of 3 out of 4 non-NAbs were significantly more exposed in the RBDs representing the late timepoints in the chronic patient. By contrast, the exposure of non-neutralizing epitopes was reduced in the patient that cleared his/her infection and could in part be attributed to sequence changes in the igVR. These studies reveal that during HCV infection, the exposure of the CD81 binding site on E2 becomes increasingly occluded, and the antigenicity of the E2 RBD towards both neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies is modulated via allosteric mechanisms.
Modeling and evaluation of prefetching policies for context-aware information services (1998)

Article Modeling and evaluation of prefetching policies for context-aware information services Share on Authors: Vittoria de Nitto Personè Dipartimento di Informatica, Sistemi e Produzione, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", Italy Dipartimento di Informatica, Sistemi e Produzione, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", ItalyView Profile , Vincenzo Grassi Dipartimento di Informatica, Sistemi e Produzione, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", Italy Dipartimento di Informatica, Sistemi e Produzione, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", ItalyView Profile , Antonio Morlupi Dipartimento di Informatica, Sistemi e Produzione, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", Italy Dipartimento di Informatica, Sistemi e Produzione, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", ItalyView Profile Authors Info & Claims MobiCom '98: Proceedings of the 4th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networkingOctober 1998 Pages 55–65https://doi.org/10.1145/288235.288249Published:25 October 1998 19citation687DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations19Total Downloads687Last 12 Months2Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Selective RF wireless control of integrated bulk-micromachined shape-memory-alloy actuators and its microfluidic application (2011)

This paper reports wireless microfluidic control enabled by selective operation of multiple bulk-micromachined shape-memory-alloy actuators using radiofrequency external magnetic fields. Each shape-memory-alloy actuator is driven by a wireless resonant heater, which generates heat only when the field frequency is tuned to the resonant frequency of the heater. Multiple actuators coupled with the heater circuits that are designed to have different resonant frequencies in a range of 135–295 MHz are selectively controlled by modulating the field frequency to the resonant frequencies of the corresponding heaters with a constant output power. A wireless microsyringe device that has three actuator-heater components and a flexible parylene reservoir is developed. The 5-µl reservoir is squeezed by the 5-mm-long cantilever-type SMA actuators to eject controlled amounts of liquid from the reservoir. Wireless modification of pH in liquid is demonstrated using the device loaded with acidic solution through the selective control of the three actuators based on the frequency modulation technique.
PoP Technology for the Automotive Industry (2014)

Package-on-Package (PoP) technology has been in production for commercial and portable electronic applications for many years. The key challenge for PoP in automotive applications is meeting the aggressive defect level requirements. The need for PoP has historically been driven by mobile and tablet applications and an increased demand for more processor and memory performance within smaller spaces. With the maturity and excellent historical performance of PoP technology used with TI OMAPTM processor products, PoP can now be introduced as a reliable packaging technology in the automotive industry. This paper will describe the work involved in the enablement of commercial PoP technology into the automotive industry. The challenges and requirements regarding package design, warpage performance, surface mount (SMT) characterization, and board-level reliability (BLR) performance will all be explained.
Fundamentals of Semiconductor Physics and Devices (1997)

General characterization of semiconductors electronic structure of ideal crystals electronic structure of semiconductor crystals in the presence of internal and external perturbations electron system in thermodynamic equilibrium interaction of semiconductors with light non-equilibrium processes in semiconductors semiconductor junctions in thermodynamic equilibrium semiconductor junctions at non-equilibrium.
Development of a Mental Disorder Screening System Using Support Vector Machine for Classification of Heart Rate Variability Measured from Single-lead Electrocardiography (2019)

The diagnosis of psychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD), depends on clinical interviews and assessment of symptoms. However, due to the fact that mental states cannot be objectively assessed, diagnosis procedures are often influenced by clinical experience of psychiatrist. Hence, the aim of this study is to develop a simple, objective, highly accurate self-check system for screening of psychiatric disorders based on heart rate variability (HRV) measured from single- lead electrocardiography (ECG) or photoplethysmogram (PPG) for home healthcare monitoring. HRV is widely used as objective biomarker for assessment of autonomic nerve system. The low frequency (LF) of HRV originates from the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. The high frequency (HF) originates from the parasympathetic nerves. In our previous clinical trial, we confirmed that HRV of MDD patients is less reactive than healthy subjects during a mental task (generate random numbers) condition. However, mental task alone is difficult to assess HRV accurately owing to influence of measurement condition and individual differences. In this study, we implemented a single-lead ECG system based on reactivity of HRV, and combined mental task and paced deep breathing thereby improving the screening accuracy. Moreover, support vector machine (SVM) model was applied for classification of HRV indices. We tested the system on 16 healthy subjects and 7 psychiatric patients with depression or somatoform disorder. A significant difference was found between the healthy group and the patient group for the response of the HRV indices on dual mental tasks. The SVM non-linear classification model achieved a sensitivity of 71.4% and specificity of 93.8%.
A novel approach to detect and characterize the scattering patterns of single Au nanoparticles using confocal microscopy (2008)

We demonstrate a novel optical method for characterizing single Au nanoparticles by acquiring their scattering patterns. This technique combines confocal microscopy and higher-order laser modes for detecting the light scattered by sub-wavelength-sized nanoobjects. The optical patterns are generated by the coherent superposition of the field scattered by individual metallic particles and the excitation field reflected at the cover slide-air interface and provide information about the particles' position, orientation, size and shape. Detectable changes in the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the signal intensity permit to distinguish between 20- and 60-nm diameter Au spheres. The confocal images are also very sensitive to the particle's geometry and polarizability, that is, Au nanospheres, Au nanorods and triangular Au nanoplates give different characteristic patterns if the excitation wavelength is varied.
Germanium-rich silicon-germanium films epitaxially grown by ultrahigh vacuum chemical-vapor deposition directly on silicon substrates (2007)

We have grown device quality germanium-rich silicon-germanium films on silicon substrates using a two-step ultrahigh vacuum chemical-vapor deposition growth process. The films have thermally induced tensile strain, resulting in a direct band gap reduction of ∼30meV, in agreement with what we observe for similarly grown pure germanium films. Our data suggest that alloying of silicon increases the band gap reduction with strain at the high germanium end of the composition range. Annealing of the films allows for reduction in the dislocation density to 2×107∕cm2, comparable to what we achieve in pure germanium films and showing that alloying small amounts of silicon does not inhibit dislocation motion. p-i-n diodes fabricated from these films using a silicon compatible process exhibit reverse leakage currents of ∼10mA∕cm2 at 0.5V reverse bias. The responsivity of a Si0.04.8Ge0.952 diode was measured at 0.23A∕W at 1280nm, demonstrating the high quality of these epitaxial films.
Hormesis in precautionary regulatory culture: models preferences and the advancement of science (2007)

The article focuses on flaws in the actual approaches of exposure to a chemical of recipient organisms. It demonstrates the excessive use of arguments based on adverse effects and underlines the necessity to take adaptive effects seriously. Regulators are invited to rethink their inclination to the 'When in doubt, keep it out.' precautionary approach, with results in counter-productive and costly regulations. The authors are clear about the necessity to include hormesis, in the form of a toxicological insignificant exposure (TIE) level, related to the concentration, as a regulatory translation of adaptive effects. This inclusion might well be the 'brake' for the looming 'collision' with reality of the actual linear toxicological models. This analysis includes the advice to EPA, not to follow the 'witch hunt of synthetic chemicals' as embodied in the EU REACH program.
Correlation between increased AP-1NGF binding activity and induction of nerve growth factor transcription by multiple signal transduction pathways in C6-2B glioma cells (1996)

Transcription mechanisms regulating nerve growth factor (NGF) gene expression in the CNS are yet to be thoroughly understood. We have used C6-2B rat glioma cells to characterize the signal transduction pathways that contribute to transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of NGF mRNA. Because the NGF promoter contains an AP-1 consensus sequence, we have investigated whether increases in AP-1 binding activity correlate with enhanced NGF mRNA expression. Gel mobility shift assays using an oligonucleotide homologous to the AP-1 responsive element of the rat NGF gene (AP-1NGF) revealed that 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and, to a lesser extent, isoproterenol (ISO) and thapsigargin, a microsomal Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor, stimulated binding to AP-1NGF within 2 h. All of these stimuli increased NGF mRNA levels within 3 h. Cycloheximide pretreatment blocked the TPA and ISO-mediated binding to AP-1NGF suggesting that de novo synthesis of c-Fos/c-Jun may be required for the transcriptional regulation of NGF gene. Nuclear run-on assays and NGF mRNA decay studies revealed that TPA increases NGF transcription whereas ISO affects both transcription and mRNA stabilization. We propose that (i) different signal transduction mechanisms regulate the expression of the NGF gene in cells derived from the CNS, and (ii) both mRNA transcription and stability account for the cAMP-mediated increase in NGF mRNA levels.
Endoproteolytic Activity of the Proteasome (2003)

The proteasome plays a central role in the degradation of regulatory and misfolded proteins. Current models suggest that substrates access the internal catalytic sites by processively threading their termini through the gated substrate channel. Here, we found that latent (closed) and activated (open) proteasomes degraded two natively disordered substrates at internal peptide bonds even when they lacked accessible termini, suggesting that these substrates themselves promoted gating of the proteasome. This endoproteolysis provides a molecular mechanism for regulated release of transcription factors from inactive precursors as well as a means of accessing internal folding defects of misfolded multidomain proteins.
Off-Gas Purification by Means of Membrane Vapor Separation Systems (1995)

Abstract The separation and recovery of volatile hydrocarbon vapors from gasoline tank farm off-gases can in Europe be considered to be a state-of-the-art technology (1). A new application in the treatment of gasoline vapors is the installation of a membrane module in vapor return lines from petrol dispensers to storage tanks at gasoline stations to enhance the vapor recovery efficiency of this system. For solvent vapor recovery, some membrane systems have been installed in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry (2). This paper deals with design features and operating experience.
The directional formation and protective effect of self-assembling vinyl siloxane nanolayers on copper surface (2012)

With the use of the electrochemical-quartz crystal microbalance technique, scanner-assisted electrochemical reflectometry, and X-ray spectral microanalysis, adsorption of vinyl triethoxysilane on a copper surface from an aqueous solution is studied and the possibilities of directional formation of self-assembling layers and their protective effect in corrosive chloride-containing electrolytes are determined. The greatest protective effect is observed at a thickness of 3.8 molecular layers when the most compact film, which hampers the adsorption of chloride ions and substantially decreases the rate of their interaction with the surface copper atoms, is formed.
Cw CO2 laser driven oxidation of some perhalogenocycloalkenes (1991)

The title reaction of hexafluorocyclobutene, 1,2-dichloro-3,3,4,4-tetrafluorocyclobutene and decafluorocyclohexene studied at total pressure 13.3 and 16 kPa yield oxalyl halides COX.COX (X = F, Cl) and C 2 F 4 that undergo consecutive reactions to COF 2 , CO and X 2 . The oxidation of decafluorocyclohexene is preceded by retro-Diels-Alder decomposition affording hexafluorocyclobutene and C 2 F 4 . Two alternative mechanisms for the oxidation of the cyclobutenes are presented, one involving a novel cleavage of intermediary bicyclic dioxetanes. The decomposition of oxalyl fluoride into COF 2 and CO is favored over its oxidation.
Reverse-transcribed SARS-CoV-2 RNA can integrate into the genome of cultured human cells and can be expressed in patient-derived tissues (2021)

Prolonged detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA and recurrence of PCR-positive tests have been widely reported in patients after recovery from COVID-19, but some of these patients do not appear to shed infectious virus. We investigated the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 RNAs can be reverse-transcribed and integrated into the DNA of human cells in culture and that transcription of the integrated sequences might account for some of the positive PCR tests seen in patients. In support of this hypothesis, we found that DNA copies of SARS-CoV-2 sequences can be integrated into the genome of infected human cells. We found target site duplications flanking the viral sequences and consensus LINE1 endonuclease recognition sequences at the integration sites, consistent with a LINE1 retrotransposon-mediated, target-primed reverse transcription and retroposition mechanism. We also found, in some patient-derived tissues, evidence suggesting that a large fraction of the viral sequences is transcribed from integrated DNA copies of viral sequences, generating viral-host chimeric transcripts. The integration and transcription of viral sequences may thus contribute to the detection of viral RNA by PCR in patients after infection and clinical recovery. Because we have detected only subgenomic sequences derived mainly from the 3' end of the viral genome integrated into the DNA of the host cell, infectious virus cannot be produced from the integrated subgenomic SARS-CoV-2 sequences.
Comparison of different models for predicting drainage relative permeability using pore scale numerical simulation of supercritical carbon dioxide and brine flow. (2019)

In today's technologically growing and cost optimisation era, Digital Rock Physics (DRP) is becoming a potential alternative tool to the high cost and time-consuming method of Special Core Analyses (SCAL), for the estimation of reservoir fluid properties. The key objective of this study is to compare different models for predicting drainage relative permeability using pore scale numerical simulation of supercritical carbon dioxide and brine flow, the former being the non-wetting phase and the latter being the wetting phase. The simulations are done on an established computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulator: ANSYS-CFX. From the simulations, we obtain the saturation values. Using these values and four common models found in the literature, we collaborate the J-function prediction model and capillary pressure values to calculate the relative permeability for the wetting and non-wetting phases. In this study, it is concluded that the Brooks-Corey-Burdine model produces the best relative permeability curves. It is demonstrated that the pore size distribution index (λ) has a positive correlation with the wetting-phase relative permeability and an inverse relation with the non-wetting phase relative permeability. Noteworthy to mention that during the study, it was found that when the J-function is substituted into the relative permeability equations, the predicted relative permeabilities of wetting and non-wetting phase outcomes appears to be more representative, yet simple to compute. The robust methodology described in this paper to evaluate the simulation results with various established models is generic and could be useful in current day oil field practices to serve as a cost-effective alternative to SCAL experiments and form key inputs for typical oil field development planning.
Development of an Eye-Safe Lidar System Using a 2.1.MU.m Ho Laser. (1994)

A 2.1 m "eye-safe wavelength", 25mJ/pulse (A/O Q-switching), 90ns/pulse Ho lidar system has been developed to measure atmospheric extinction coefficients, , and backscatter coefficients, . Range esolved values of and were obtained at ranges covering up to 1.5km for severa 124 hour periods. The average values of were on the order of 10-3 to 10-4m-1 and j9 values were estimated on the order of 10-5 to 10-6 rn-1 sr-1. The variation of as a function of range was small during the period from night to early morning, but increased significantly during the later daytime hours. The values of were somewhat higher from midnight to early morning than just after sunrise and then gradually decreased. values exhibited good correlation with the atmospheric humidity. From these observations it was confirmed that the lidar system developed is a powerful apparatus for remote sensing of the atmosphere.
Glyph 2 : une saisie de texte avec deux appuis de touches par caractère - Principes et comparaisons (2006)

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