gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation of 4/91 Type of Infectious Bronchitis Virus as a New Variant in Japan and Efficacy of Vaccination Against 4/91 Type Field Isolate (2008)

Among field isolates of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) from recent outbreaks, some isolates that were classified into the 4/91 genotype, by analysis of the S1 gene, have been confirmed to be a new variant in Japan. To elucidate the characteristics of these isolates, pathogenicity in chicks and the efficacy of vaccines against this new variant were examined. Severe respiratory symptoms were observed in 4-day-old specific pathogen free chicks inoculated with a 4/91 genotype isolate, either JP/Wakayama/2003 or JP/ Iwate/2005; body weights 3 wk after inoculation were significantly lower than those of chicks inoculated with a 4/91 vaccine strain. These 4/91 isolates were neutralized with serum from birds immunized with 4/91 vaccine. In a challenge-protection test, five groups of chicks were immunized with C78, TM-86w, H120, Kita-1, or 4/91 vaccines and then challenged with JP/Iwate/2005 4 wk after vaccination. A protective effect in the 4/91 and TM-86w vaccine groups was indicated by evaluation of the ciliostasis score of the trachea, the respiratory symptom score, and virus isolation from trachea swab samples after challenge. The results of this study suggested that the 4/91 type of IBV, which is virulent to chicks when compared to vaccine strains, has emerged as a new variant in Japan, and vaccines containing the 4/91 strain or the TM-86w strain could be effective for this variant.
The influence of Zn2+ ions on the adsorption of arsenate onto ferrihydrite studied by in situ ATR-FTIR spectroscopy (2010)

The influence of Zn2+ ions on the adsorption of arsenate onto ferrihydrite studied by in situ ATR-FTIR spectroscopy
1195: De-Novo Detrusor Underactivity Following Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy (2007)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster 36, Monday, May 21, 2007, 3:30 - 5:30 pm1 Apr 20071195: De-Novo Detrusor Underactivity Following Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy Yoshihisa Matsukawa, Yoko Yoshikawa, Tomonori Komatsu, Yasushi Yoshino, Ryohei Hattori, Yoshinari Ono, and Momokazu Gotoh Yoshihisa MatsukawaYoshihisa Matsukawa More articles by this author , Yoko YoshikawaYoko Yoshikawa More articles by this author , Tomonori KomatsuTomonori Komatsu More articles by this author , Yasushi YoshinoYasushi Yoshino More articles by this author , Ryohei HattoriRyohei Hattori More articles by this author , Yoshinari OnoYoshinari Ono More articles by this author , and Momokazu GotohMomokazu Gotoh More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)31409-5AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1195: De-Novo Detrusor Underactivity Following Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy." The Journal of Urology, 177(4S), p. 394 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 177Issue 4SApril 2007Page: 394 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Yoshihisa Matsukawa More articles by this author Yoko Yoshikawa More articles by this author Tomonori Komatsu More articles by this author Yasushi Yoshino More articles by this author Ryohei Hattori More articles by this author Yoshinari Ono More articles by this author Momokazu Gotoh More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Modular networks for direct processing of delta-modulated signals (1980)

Modular networks for arithmetic signal processing are described for operation with delta-modulated input and output signals. It is shown that designs based on the concept of the digital delta-modulation encoder provides a flexible approach to implementation of arithmetic units using full adders and flip-flops encompassing both serial and parallel forms. Schemes for the elementary operations of addition and multiplication by a constant coefficient are presented and maximum quantisation error is determined. The effect of input errors when the elementary unit is embedded in a larger network is also discussed including idling sequences introduced at the inputs as approximations to zero. Networks for signal mixing and digital filtering are developed by combining elementary units and the complexity and maximum quantisation error of each are determined. It is shown that in most cases greater economies in hardware and/or less quantisation error can be achieved in comparison with existing techniques.
Orbital angular momentum in four channel spatial domain multiplexing system for multi-terabit per second communication architectures (2012)

Bandwidth increase has always been an important area of research in communications. A novel multiplexing
technique known as Spatial Domain Multiplexing (SDM) has been developed at the Optronics Laboratory of
Florida Institute of Technology to increase the bandwidth to T-bits/s range. In this technique, space inside
the fiber is used effectively to transmit up to four channels of same wavelength at the same time.
Experimental and theoretical analysis shows that these channels follow independent helical paths inside the
fiber without interfering with each other. Multiple pigtail laser sources of exactly the same wavelength are
used to launch light into a single carrier fiber in a fashion that resulting channels follow independent helical
trajectories. These helically propagating light beams form optical vortices inside the fiber and carry their
own Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM). The outputs of these beams appear as concentric donut shaped
rings when projected on a screen. This endeavor presents the experimental outputs and simulated results for
a four channel spatially multiplexed system effectively increasing the system bandwidth by a factor of four.
Synthesis of novel polymeric materials based on aliphatic polyesters by combination of different controlled polymerization methods (1998)

Abstract Combination of the living ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of ε‐CL and lactides with the “controlled” free radical polymerization of styrene and methacrylic monomers is a versatile strategy for the synthesis of well‐defined block and graft copolymers. In this respect, the dual “living” polymerization strategy in which two different functional groups on a single molecule used to initiate the two controlled mechanisms is particularly efficient. Combination of ROP and step‐growth polymerization is another versatile methodology for the preparation of a large variety of new materials, e.g. polyimide nanofoams, polyester/silica hybrid materials and star and branched polyesters by dendritic initiation.
Figures S11-S12 from Discovery of Selective Estrogen Receptor Covalent Antagonists for the Treatment of ERα<sup>WT</sup> and ERα<sup>MUT</sup> Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;H3B-5942 suppresses co-activator recruitment and shows potency in endocrine sensitive and resistant lines&lt;/p&gt;
106 Immediate Preoperative Blood Glucose and Hemoglobin A1c Levels are not Predictive of Post-Operative Infections in Diabetic Men Undergoing Penile Prosthesis Placement (2020)

Recent reports have suggested that pre-operative diabetic control may be predictive of infection rates following penile prosthesis (PP) implantation. In this study, we sought to investigate whether immediate pre-operative serum blood glucose (PBG) levels were associated with PP infection rates in diabetic patients. We conducted a retrospective review of 923 diabetic patients undergoing primary PP (inflatable and malleable) implantation from April 2003 to August 2018 across 18 institutions. PBG levels (within 6 hours of surgery) and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were recorded for each patient, along with clinical and demographic variables. Patients had a median follow up time of 7 months (range 0-157). The primary outcome was rates of post-operative infection and secondary outcomes were revision and explantation rates. Patients were included in the analysis only if they had complete information regarding pre-operative glucose levels and outcomes. The impact of pre-operative glucose and HbA1c on post-operative infection, revision, and explantation rates was assessed using univariate analyses. The effects of age, diabetes-related complications, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), surgical approach, and race were controlled for on multivariate analysis for rates of infection, revision and explantation.
Flexible, Stretchable and Wearable Multifunctional Sensor Array as Artificial Electronic Skin for Static and Dynamic Strain Mapping (2015)

Artificial electronic skin consists of mechanically flexible and stretchable sensor networks that can accommodate irregular surfaces and spatially map/quantify various stimuli, such as strains, pressures, and temperatures to imitate the human somatosensory system. Here, a flexible/wearable multifunctional sensor array is designed and fabricated in a cost‐effective manner through simple fabrication procedures for highly‐sensitive contact/pressure/strain detections. Composed of PET‐based Ag serpentine‐shaped electrodes, the sensor array is implemented for static and dynamic mapping of spatial contact/pressure/strain distributions in large‐scale, with a detection limit of 6 Pa (corresponding to 0.5 mg). By attaching the flexible/wearable devices on human body, different motions are recognized/distinguished for gesture control applications. Combining the easy‐fabricated and low‐cost features, these sensor arrays may become promising candidate for highly‐sensitive force detections, gesture controls, imaging of spatial pressure distributions, and find potential applications in advanced robotics, human‐machine interfaces, next‐generation prosthetics and healthcare monitoring devices.
Photothermoelectric Effects in Localized Photocurrent of Individual VO2 Nanowires (2010)

Photocurrent studies of individual and isolated VO2 nanowires (NWs) with Pt metal contacts were conducted by using a focused laser beam. With localized probing, the photoresponse arising from the NW−Pt contact junctions and the main body of the NW can be separately examined. Rapid photoresponse (with and without bias) toward visible and infrared laser irradiation was observed to arise primarily from the NW−Pt contacts. Experiments at elevated temperature (above the semiconductor−metal transition temperature of VO2) revealed a remarkable ∼500 fold enhancement in the photocurrent generated at the NW−Pt contact junctions at zero external bias. Photoinduced thermoelectric effect is proposed as the key carrier transport mechanism dictating the photocurrent generated at the NW-Pt interface.
Unusual Statistics of Heart Period Add to Its Capability as an Index of Pilot Workload (1989)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Efficacy of heart period was investigated as part of a study of effective methods of pilot workload assessment. Pilots flew missions in the NASA Ames Boeing 727, Phase II certified simulator while workload measures were taken during missions under normal or emergency conditions. In addition to the heart mean and standard deviation, other descriptive statistical procedures were performed, including skewedness, kurtosis, and spectral analyses, which proved relevant to the discriminating power of the heart period as a measure of pilot workload.&lt;/div&gt;
All‐Iron Redox Flow Battery Tailored for Off‐Grid Portable Applications (2015)

An all-iron redox flow battery is proposed and developed for end users without access to an electricity grid. The concept is a low-cost battery which the user assembles, discharges, and then disposes of the active materials. The design goals are: (1) minimize upfront cost, (2) maximize discharge energy, and (3) utilize non-toxic and environmentally benign materials. These are different goals than typically considered for electrochemical battery technology, which provides the opportunity for a novel solution. The selected materials are: low-carbon-steel negative electrode, paper separator, porous-carbon-paper positive electrode, and electrolyte solution containing 0.5 m Fe2 (SO4 )3 active material and 1.2 m NaCl supporting electrolyte. With these materials, an average power density around 20 mW cm(-2) and a maximum energy density of 11.5 Wh L(-1) are achieved. A simple cost model indicates the consumable materials cost US$6.45 per kWh(-1) , or only US$0.034 per mobile phone charge.
Wafer testing with pairwise comparisons (2003)

A novel diagnosis scheme is proposed for wafer testing, in which the test access port of each die is utilized to perform comparison tests on its neighbors. A probabilistic diagnosis algorithm is presented, which correctly identifies almost all dies, even when the probability of failure of a die is larger than 0.5. The algorithm is shown to be particularly suitable for constant degree structures, such as rectangular and octagonal grids. The algorithm is designed for wafer scale structures, where the boundary dies do not have a complete regular structure. The algorithm also allows for the fault coverage of the tests to be imperfect. In addition, diagnosis is done locally. Both the test time and the diagnosis time are invariant with respect to the number of dies on the wafer. The algorithm can also tolerate some systematic errors. The dies are tested in parallel with this approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Hexagonal boron nitride neutron detectors with high detection efficiencies (2018)

Neutron detectors fabricated from 10B enriched hexagonal boron nitride (h-10BN or h-BN) epilayers have demonstrated the highest thermal neutron detection efficiency among solid-state neutron detectors to date at about 53%. In this work, photoconductive-like vertical detectors with a detection area of 1 × 1 mm2 were fabricated from 50 μm thick free-standing h-BN epilayers using Ni/Au and Ti/Al bilayers as ohmic contacts. Leakage currents, mobility-lifetime (μτ) products under UV photoexcitation, and neutron detection efficiencies have been measured for a total of 16 different device configurations. The results have unambiguously identified that detectors incorporating the Ni/Au bilayer on both surfaces as ohmic contacts and using the negatively biased top surface for neutron irradiation are the most desired device configurations. It was noted that high growth temperatures of h-10BN epilayers on sapphire substrates tend to yield a higher concentration of oxygen impurities near the bottom surface, leading to a better device performance by the chosen top surface for irradiation than by the bottom. Preferential scattering of oxygen donors tends to reduce the mobility of holes more than that of electrons, making the biasing scheme with the ability of rapidly extracting holes at the irradiated surface while leaving the electrons to travel a large average distance inside the detector at a preferred choice. When measured against a calibrated 6LiF filled micro-structured semiconductor neutron detector, it was shown that the optimized configuration has pushed the detection efficiency of h-BN neutron detectors to 58%. These detailed studies also provided a better understanding of growth-mediated impurities in h-BN epilayers and their effects on the charge collection and neutron detection efficiencies.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, physical exercise, trauma and sports: Results of a population-based pilot case-control study (2010)

Our objective was to investigate exposure to physical exercise and trauma in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) compared to the general population. Previous studies in this area have yielded conflicting results. Using population-based ALS registries from Italy, the UK and Ireland, newly diagnosed patients with definite, probable or possible ALS were enrolled in a case- control study with two age- and sex-matched controls for each patient. Source, intensity and duration of physical activity and history of trauma were recorded. We here present the results of a pilot investigation. We studied 61 patients and 112 controls. Forty-one per cent of cases and 17.0% of controls (p = 0.001) had blue-collar occupations; 13.1% versus 3.6% reported strenuous physical activity at work (p = 0.05). Compared with controls, ALS patients had a longer exposure to work-related (10.7 vs. 7.3 years; p = 0.02) and sport-related physical exercise (9.6 vs. 5.2 years; p = 0.005). Three patients (0 controls) reported professional sports (p = 0.04). Traumatic events were similar. Blue collar occupation (OR 4.27; 95% CI 1.68-10.88) and duration of sport-related physical exercise (OR 1.03; 95% CI 1.00-1.05) were independent variables in multivariate analysis. We concluded that ALS is associated with physical exercise but not with traumatic events.
Notary (2019)

Notary is a new hardware and software architecture for running isolated approval agents in the form factor of a USB stick with a small display and buttons. Approval agents allow factoring out critical security decisions, such as getting the user's approval to sign a Bitcoin transaction or to delete a backup, to a secure environment. The key challenge addressed by Notary is to securely switch between agents on the same device. Prior systems either avoid the problem by building single-function devices like a USB U2F key, or they provide weak isolation that is susceptible to kernel bugs, side channels, or Rowhammer-like attacks. Notary achieves strong isolation using reset-based switching, along with the use of physically separate systems-on-a-chip for agent code and for the kernel, and a machine-checked proof of both the hardware's register-transfer-level design and software, showing that reset-based switching leaks no state. Notary also provides a trustworthy I/O path between the agent code and the user, which prevents an adversary from tampering with the user's screen or buttons.
Bax activation by the BH3-only protein Puma promotes cell dependence on antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family members (2009)

It is still unclear whether the BH3-only protein Puma (p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis) can prime cells to death and render antiapoptotic BH3-binding Bcl-2 homologues necessary for survival through its ability to directly interact with proapoptotic Bax and activate it. In this study, we provide further evidence, using cell-free assays, that the BH3 domain of Puma binds Bax at an activation site that comprises the first helix of Bax. We also show that, in yeast, Puma interacts with Bax and triggers its killing activity when Bcl-2 homologues are absent but not when Bcl-xL is expressed. Finally, endogenous Puma is involved in the apoptotic response of human colorectal cancer cells to the Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibitor ABT-737, even in conditions where the expression of Mcl-1 is down-regulated. Thus, Puma is competent to trigger Bax activity by itself, thereby promoting cellular dependence on prosurvival Bcl-2 family members.
A de novo mutation in the coding sequence for neurophysin-II (Pro24-->Leu) is associated with onset and transmission of autosomal dominant neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus. (1994)

The molecular basis of autosomal dominant neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus, a hereditary deficiency of vasopressin, was determined by nucleotide sequence analysis of the arginine vasopressin-neurophysin-II gene. A C-->T mutation at nucleotide 1761 was detected in one allele of this gene in each affected individual in three generations of one family. This mutant gene encodes a normal arginine vasopressin peptide, but predicts a substitution of leucine for proline at amino acid 24 of neurophysin-II, the arginine vasopressin carrier protein. This mutation was not detected 50 control individuals, thus demonstrating that it is not a common silent genetic polymorphism. The disease arose in the second generation of the studied family, and the chromosome 20 carrying this new mutation was identified by polymorphic CA microsatellite haplotype analysis. The first affected individual inherited this chromosome segment from her mother, who had neither the disease nor this mutation in her somatic cell DNA. Third generation individuals who subsequently inherited this mutation were affected. These data demonstrate that this amino acid substitution in neurophysin-II causes the disease. Two possibilities to explain the mechanism by which clinical deficiency of arginine vasopressin develops even in the presence of one normal arginine vasopressin-neurophysin-II allele are discussed.
Characteristics of intense THz radiation from coherent LO phonons in GaAs/AlAs multiple quantum wells (2007)

We have succeeded in generating the intense terahertz (THz) radiation from coherent GaAs-like longitudinal optical (LO) phonons in GaAs/AlAs multiple quantum wells (MQWs). Its radiation power is much larger than that from coherent LO phonons in a GaAs epitaxial film. We report the characteristics of the intense THz radiation from the coherent GaAs-like LO phonons in the MQWs.
Mictomagnetic to ferromagnetic transition in Cr--Fe alloys. [9 to 23 at. percent Fe] (1975)

Patterns of overwinter mortality in the sexually dimorphic red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) were examined to test the predictions of the sexual-selection hypothesis that male size is limited by directional selection favoring small males and that female size is maintained by stabilizing selection wherein extreme phenotypes experience higher mortality. Museum specimens collected from Ontario over a 95-yr period were used to compare the sizes of males and females collected in fall and spring. In a separate field study, body sizes of returning and nonreturning male and female red-winged blackbirds were compared over a 6-yr period. Overall, there was no evidence of higher overwinter mortality among larger males. Among adult (ASY) males, large individuals appeared to have higher survival than small individuals, although among subadult (SY) males, large size may have been disadvantageous. Weak evidence of stabilizing selection on female body size was found. Among adults, sexual size dimorphism seemed more pronounced after winter than before winter. Our results do not support the hypothesis that body size in male red-winged blackbirds is limited by selective mortality outside the breeding season. It is possible that size selection occurs earlier in life, when males are still in the nest. Our results suggest that caution should be exercised when interpreting interspecific evidence showing higher adult male than female mortality in sexually dimorphic species. Such patterns could arise as a cost to males of sexual selection and yet provide no insight into how natural selection opposes sexual selection for increased male size.