gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) (2008)

The conceptual design phase for the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) has been completed and the project is continuing the development of the telescope structure and instrumentation. The upper truss of the telescope has been revised to reduce the tilt of the secondary mirror assembly, which was the major contributor to image blur caused by windshake of the structure. A factor of 5-10 reduction is obtained in the static analysis. The generation of the first 8.4 m off-axis mirror blank for GMT is nearing completion. The metrology for grinding and polishing the mirror to its final figure has been designed and is being constructed. Multiple, independent tests are provided to verify the final mirror figure and insure mirror-to-mirror repeatability. Loose abrasive grinding and polishing of the mirror is ready to start with mirror completion expected in early 2009. GMT instruments mount in the telescope below the primary mirror. The candidate list of first generation instruments is provided. Las Campanas Observatory has been selected as the site for GMT.
High-speed Pockels effect in strained silicon waveguide (Conference Presentation) (2018)

Silicon photonics is being considered as the future photonic platform for low power consumption optical communications. However, silicon is a centrosymmetric crystal, i.e. silicon doesn’t have Pockels effect. Nevertheless, breaking the crystal symmetry of silicon can be used to overcome this limitation. In this work, the crystal modification is achieved by depositing a SiN high-stress overlayer. Recent results on high-speed measurements will be presented and discussed. Both charge effects and Pockels effect induced under an electric field will be also analyzed.
Using image content for retrieval and navigation (1998)

Multimedia information collections are becoming increasingly common in the humanities. This paper describes developments in hypermedia and image analysis techniques which are beginning to provide tools for retrieving and navigating through digitally stored visual information. The use of static links for navigating from text has become increasingly popular with the emergence of the World Wide Web, but generic links based on information content matching can provide more powerful information handling capabilities. We show how content based retrieval and generic Unk authoring and following can be applied to image data in multimedia collections. The paper highlights some of the problems with content based techniques applied to image retrieval and navigation and suggests how the introduction of a multimedia thesaurus can overcome some of these problems. The multimedia thesaurus provides a network of concepts in the domain of interest.
In Vivo Efficacy of Humanized Exposures of Cefiderocol Compared with Cefepime (FEP) and Meropenem (MEM) against Gram-negative Bacteria in a Murine Thigh Model (2017)

Cefiderocol (S-649266) is a novel siderophore cephalosporin under development by Shionogi (Osaka, Japan). Previous studies have demonstrated cefiderocol efficacy against a diverse population of Gram-negative bacteria with MICs ≤ 4 μg/mL. Our aim was to further define the agent’s clinical role by comparing the efficacy of humanized regimens of cefiderocol, FEP, and MEM against a subset of these Gram-negative isolates. 15 Gram-negative isolates were studied. MICs were determined by broth microdilution in triplicate, using reference CLSI methods. Pharmacokinetic studies were conducted to reproduce the humanized exposures of cefiderocol 2g q8h (3h inf.), FEP 2g q8h (3h inf.), and MEM 2g q8h (3 hours inf.). Antibiotics were started 2h post thigh inoculation (0h) and continued for 24 hours in immunocompromised mice. Efficacy was determined as the change in log10CFU at 24h compared with 0 hour controls. 8 Enterobacteriaceae, 4 A. baumannii, and 3 P. aeruginosa isolates were studied. Cefiderocol, FEP, and MEM MICs were in the range of 0.12 to 8 μg/mL, ≤0.03 to >64 μg/mL, and ≤0.06 to >64 μg/mL, respectively. Three of the 15 isolates were susceptible to both meropenem and cefepime. All remaining isolates demonstrated in vitro resistance to one or both comparator agents. Cefiderocol was efficacious against all 15 isolates, regardless of FEP or MEM resistance, producing bacterial reductions from 0 hour between 0.89 to 3.04 log10 CFU. Against FEP and MEM susceptible isolates, cefiderocol treatment resulted in bacterial kill of 2.6 ± 0.5 and 2.1 ± 0.9 log10 CFU, respectively, similar to that of FEP (2.6 ± 0.5) and MEM (2.2 ± 0.6). Against MEM and FEP resistant isolates, cefiderocol produced a mean (± SD) bacterial reduction of 1.5 ± 0.4 log10 CFU at 24 hours. Cefiderocol humanized exposures produced antibacterial efficacy similar to MEM and FEP for susceptible pathogens, while also displaying activity against Enterobacteriaceae, A. baumannii, and P. aeruginosa with phenotypic resistance to the comparator β-lactams. These studies support the potential clinical utility of cefiderocol against these difficult-to-treat multidrug-resistant pathogens. M. Tsuji, Shionogi & Co.: Employee, Salary; Y. Yamano, Shionogi & Co.: Employee, Salary; R. Echols, Shionogi & Co.: Employee, Salary; D. P. Nicolau, Shionogi & Co.: Research Contractor, Research support
Pd‐PEPPSI‐IPentCl: A Highly Effective Catalyst for the Selective Cross‐Coupling of Secondary Organozinc Reagents (2012)

No migration? No problem! A series of new N-heterocyclic carbene based Pd complexes has been created and evaluated in the Negishi cross-coupling of aryl and heteroaryl chlorides, bromides, and triflates with a variety of secondary alkylzinc reagents. The direct elimination product is nearly exclusively formed; in most examples there is no migratory insertion at all.
Structural Acoustic UXO Detection and Identification in Marine Environments - Interim Report for SERDP MR-2103 Follow-On (2015)

Abstract : SERDP goals require the development of sonar technologies able to separate UXO and false target detections. The specific goal addressed in the work reported here is to complete analysis studies using the data collected in June 2013 in the Gulf of Mexico using the BOSS-40 sonar. The measurements and post measurement analysis (PMA) results have been described in the April 2014 MR2103 Final Report.
Maturation and interhemispheric asymmetry in neurite density and orientation dispersion in early childhood (2020)

These findings suggest that neurite density, but not orientation dispersion, increases with age during early childhood. In relation to NDI growth trends reported in infancy and late-childhood, our results suggest that early childhood may be a transitional period for neurite density maturation wherein commissural/projection fibers are approaching maturity, maturation in long range association fibers is increasing, and changes in limbic/frontal fibers remain modest. Rightward asymmetry in NDI and ODI values, but no asymmetry in developmental changes, suggests that rightward asymmetry of neurite density and orientation dispersion is established prior to age 4.
A [2] Catenane Made to Order (1989)

A template-controlled, one-pot reaction afforded the [2]catenane 1 in 70% yield. Compound 1 consists of π-electron-rich decaoxa[13.13]paracyclophane (empty circles) and an electron-deficient macrocycle made up of two paraquat p-phenylene units (filled circles). Dynamic 1 H NMR spectroscopy and cyclovoltammetry showed that 1 is highly ordered not only in the solid state but also in solution.
A case for using MBMS in geographical networking (2009)

Mobile communications are spreading at a fast pace, from telephony to vertical applications such as healthcare, transportation or energy. In the case of transportation, their target is usually a limited geographical area. Geographical networking is currently under study, with proposals for identifying the target area by adding a geographical enhancement to the IP protocol. In this paper, we propose to complete this kind of solution by defining some cross-layer cooperation and an abstraction framework where networking and link layers contribute to improve the efficiency of the geographical coverage and enable this feature in all types of multimode terminals, either ITS (intelligent transport systems) vehicle stations or user personal handheld devices. This system is best suited for applications involving the broadcast of periodic messages, for example when a short-term event has to be covered. It is described using the MBMS (multicast/broadcast multimedia service) and the multicast/broadcast functional entities standardised by the 3GPP for the cellular networks, but it is generic enough to be applied to other types of access networks under some conditions.
Characterization of the Initiation Factor eIF2B and Its Regulation in Drosophila melanogaster (2001)

Eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 2B catalyzes a key regulatory step in the initiation of mRNA translation. eIF2B is well characterized in mammals and in yeast, although little is known about it in other eukaryotes. eIF2B is a hetropentamer which mediates the exchange of GDP for GTP on eIF2. In mammals and yeast, its activity is regulated by phosphorylation of eIF2alpha. Here we have cloned Drosophila melanogaster cDNAs encoding polypeptides showing substantial similarity to eIF2B subunits from yeast and mammals. They also exhibit the other conserved features of these proteins. D. melanogaster eIF2Balpha confers regulation of eIF2B function in yeast, while eIF2Bepsilon shows guanine nucleotide exchange activity. In common with mammalian eIF2Bepsilon, D. melanogaster eIF2Bepsilon is phosphorylated by glycogen synthase kinase-3 and casein kinase II. Phosphorylation of partially purified D. melanogaster eIF2B by glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibits its activity. Extracts of D. melanogaster S2 Schneider cells display eIF2B activity, which is inhibited by phosphorylation of eIF2alpha, showing the insect factor is regulated similarly to eIF2B from other species. In S2 cells, serum starvation increases eIF2alpha phosphorylation, which correlates with inhibition of eIF2B, and both effects are reversed by serum treatment. This shows that eIF2alpha phosphorylation and eIF2B activity are under dynamic regulation by serum. eIF2alpha phosphorylation is also increased by endoplasmic reticulum stress in S2 cells. These are the first data concerning the structure, function or control of eIF2B from D. melanogaster.
The Pomegranate: Readers' Forum (2012)

Please contribute to our Readers’ Forum so that we may continue to present this valuable venue for the exchange of ideas. Letters may be edited to conserve space or to avoid repetition. Writers of published letters will have their subscriptions extended.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Growth of Bismuth(V) Oxides from Hydroxide Fluxes. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Bus arbitration in an embedded processor-shared multiprocessor system (2002)

Bus arbitration scheme for a partially processor shared-memory system embedded in a general reconfigurable R(n,m) system is presented where n is the number of global processors, and m is the number of global memory modules. The effective cost for the arbitration and crosspoint switch control is absorbed within the hardware implementation of a SIMD array processor which can be used as a crosspoint switch controller. This embedded system shows an improvement of bandwidth over conventional group based bus systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Using Organizational Philosophy to Create a Self-Sustaining Compensation Plan Without Harming Academic Missions (2016)

An important next step will be to incorporate quality metrics into the compensation plan, without affecting costs or throughput.
Femtosecond wave packet spectroscopy: Coherences, the potential, and structural determination (1993)

Recently, we presented a formalism for extracting highly resolved spectral information and the potential of bound isolated systems from coherent ultrafast laser experiments, using I2 as a model system [Gruebele et al., Chem. Phys. Lett. 166, 459 (1990)]. The key to this approach is the formation of coherent wave packets on the potential energy curve (or surface) of interest, and the measurement of their scalar and vector properties. Here we give a full account of the method by analyzing the coherences of the wave packet in the temporal transients of molecules excited by ultrashort laser pulses, either at room temperature, or in a molecular beam. From this, some general considerations for properly treating temporal data can be derived. We also present a direct inversion to the potential and quantum and classical calculations for comparison with the experiments.
Verteporfin-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles’ Topical Applications Inhibit Mouse Melanoma Lymphangiogenesis and Micrometastasis In Vivo (2021)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been pointed out as a candidate for improving melanoma treatment. Nanotechnology application in PDT has increased its efficacy by reducing side effects. Herein, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) conjugated with verteporfin (Ver-MSNs), in use with PDT, were administered in mice to evaluate their efficacy on lymphoangiogenesis and micrometastasis in melanoma. Melanoma was induced in mice by the subcutaneous injection of B16-F10 cells. The mice were transcutaneously treated with MSNs, Ver-MSNs, or glycerol and exposed to red light. The treatment was carried out four times until day 20. Lymphangiogenesis and micrometastasis were identified by the immunohistochemical method. Lymphoangiogenesis was halved by MSN treatment compared with the control animals, whereas the Ver-MSN treatment almost abolished it. A similar reduction was also observed in lung micrometastasis. PDT with topically administrated Ver-MSNs reduced melanoma lymphoangiogenesis and lung micrometastasis, as well as tumor mass and angiogenesis, and therefore their use could be an innovative and useful tool in melanoma clinical therapy.
Fetomaternal alloimmune thrombocytopenia: a literature review and statistical analysis (2001)

Exploring prognostic factors that determine outcomes in fetomaternal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FMAIT), a search of Medline was performed covering the years 1966 to April 1998. 376 articles were collected and reviewed; 140 articles contained the case histories of 297 mothers and 433 pregnancies that fulfilled entry criteria. More than 30 data variables were sought from these cases. The data were analysed using SPSS and Arcus Quickstat Biomedical. Nineteen different antigen incompatibilities were documented, the majority being human platelet antigen (HPA)-1a (77.3%), HPA-3a (3.5%) and HPA-5b (3.5%). The relative risk reduction (RRR) in mortality with any intervention was 57% (0.19-0.77) p = 0.009. Treatment of HPA-1a (PlA1) pregnancies with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) increased the likelihood of a neurologically normal outcome, relative risk (RR) 1.68, confidence interval (1.3-2.2) p = 0.0003. Treatment of HPA-1a (PlA1) pregnancies with only antenatal complementary platelet transfusions increased the likelihood of a neurologically normal outcome, RR 1.63 (1.1-2.1) p = 0.01. Despite reviews of more than 400 cases of FMAIT, few prognostic variables are identifiable. Although IVIG appears to reduce the risk of intracranial haemorrhage (ICH), the dosage and timing of IVIG treatment was varied. This study highlights the need for standardised and directed research.
Cytokine‐induced increases in ADAMTS‐4 messenger RNA expression do not lead to increased aggrecanase activity in ADAMTS‐5–deficient mice (2010)

Despite substantial increases in the expression of ADAMTS-4 mRNA induced by TNFα and OSM, these cytokines induced little if any increase in aggrecanolysis in ADAMTS-5-deficient mouse chondrocytes. Our data show a poor correlation between the level of cytokine-induced ADAMTS-4 mRNA expression and the level of aggrecan-degrading activity in cultured chondrocytes.
A novel reconstruction algorithm to extend the CT scan field‐of‐view (2004)

For various reasons, a projection dataset acquired on a computed tomography (CT) scanner can be truncated. That is, a portion of the scanned object is positioned outside the scan field-of-view (SFOV) and the line integrals corresponding to those regions are not measured. A projection truncation problem causes imaging artifacts that lead to suboptimal image quality. In this paper, we propose a reconstruction algorithm that enables an adequate estimation of the projection outside the SFOV. We make use of the fact that the total attenuation of each ideal projection in a parallel sampling geometry remains constant over views. We use the magnitudes and slopes of the projection samples at the location of truncation to estimate water cylinders that can best fit to the projection data outside the SFOV. To improve the robustness of the algorithm, continuity constraints are placed on the fitting parameters. Extensive phantom and patient experiments were conducted to test the robustness and accuracy of the proposed algorithm.
Association of stone surgery with patient‐reported complications after spinal cord injury (2022)

People with SCI and a history of surgical stone disease are at high risk for episodes of recurrent stones and increased hospitalizations, particularly those with kidney stones and indwelling catheter use. Identification of high-risk patients may guide tailored surveillance for complications and stone prevention strategies.
Modulation of the human Harvey-ras oncogene expression by DNA methylation. (1988)

A clone of the human transforming Ha-ras oncogene (pT24-C3) was methylated "in vitro" at its HpaII and HhaI sites and co-transfected with a selectable marker into NIH/3T3 cells. In the resulting colonies the normal or transformed morphology correlated respectively with a methylated or unmethylated status of the Ha-ras 1 promoter. A transfected, morphologically normal NIH/3T3 colony treated with 5'-azacytidine acquired a transformed phenotype growing in agar and in nude mice and showed demethylation of the promoter region of Ha-ras 1 gene. The cells of the reactivated colony produced human Ha-ras 1 mRNA and p21, and their DNA displayed transforming activity for NIH/3T3 recipient cells that was due to the original human Ha-ras 1 oncogene. We conclude that the methylation status of the promoter region of the human Ha-ras 1 modulates the expression and consequently the transforming activity of the oncogene.
Serum lycopene concentrations and carotid atherosclerosis: the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study (2003)

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/51569/1/Rissanen TH, Serum Lycopene Concentrations and Carotid Atherosclerosis, 2003.pdf
Interface Technology of Image Device Based on TWAIN (2005)

TWAIN is a software interface for image device.Its architecture,communication protocols and session states are introduced in this article,and the practical problems of using the TWAIN protocol in VC~(++).net are also resolved.The TWAIN protocols is an applied and efficient method to resolve the data transmit between image software and image device.
Immune modulation for treatment of allergic disease (2011)

Immune modulation for treatment of allergic diseases aims to decrease the pathologic immune response rather than to cause a return to an immunologically naive or unresponsive state. Our expanding knowledge of innate and adaptive immune responses at the molecular level has led to development of immunomodulators for several allergic diseases, particularly asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eosinophilic esophagitis. Although successful immune modulation in mouse models of allergic disease have often failed to translate into significant results in human clinical trials, much has been learned about the pleotropic nature of cytokines and their effector mechanisms and of the varied phenotypes of allergic disease. We examine strategies of immune modulation in allergic diseases that have undergone human clinical trials, all with the common goal of decreasing the T-helper 2 (Th2) response, but through different mechanisms: blocking critical Th2 cytokines, inhibiting Th2 cytokine synthesis, blocking critical Th2 effector molecules, inhibiting important cells in the Th2 response, and stimulating Th1 responses. Therapies directed against specific effector molecules, such as immunoglobulin E and prostaglandin D2, hold promise in immune modulation of allergic disease, as do targeting the IL-4/IL-13 receptor and augmenting Th1/Th2 balance with Toll-like receptor agonists.
IL-15/IL-15Rα Heterodimeric Complex as Cancer Immunotherapy in Murine Breast Cancer Models (2021)

Interleukin 15 (IL-15) has been evaluated as a potential treatment for solid tumors in clinical trials, but the effectiveness of systemic IL-15 administration as a monotherapy has not been realized. IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Rα) can stabilize IL-15 and enhance its bioactivity. The goal of this study was to examine the activity of IL-15/IL-15Rα complex (IL-15cx) to CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells and evaluate its potential efficacy in murine breast cancer models. The antitumor efficacy was studied in mouse mammary carcinoma models (Her2/neu transgenic and 4T1-luc mammary cancers) treated with systemic recombinant protein with/without the depletion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells or intra-tumoral gene electrotransfer (GET). IL-15cx shows superior <i>in vivo</i> bioactivity to expand CD8 T cells in comparison to an equimolar single chain IL-15. T-bet is partially involved in CD8 T cell expansion <i>ex vivo</i> and <i>in vivo</i> due to IL-15 or IL-15cx. Intraperitoneal administration of IL-15cx results in a moderate inhibition of breast cancer growth that is associated with an increase in the frequency of cytotoxic CD8 T cells and the improvement of their function. The depletion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) has no impact on mouse breast cancer growth. IL-15cx treatment diminishes MDSCs in murine tumors. However, it also antagonizes the effects of anti-Gr-1 depleting antibodies. Intratumoral GET with plasmid IL-15/IL-15Rα leads to a long-term survival benefit in 4T1 mammary carcinoma model. An early increase of local cytotoxic cells correlates with GET treatment and an increase of long-term memory T cells results from animals with complete tumor regression. Systemic and local administration of IL-15cx shows two distinct therapeutic responses, a moderate tumor growth inhibition or heterogeneous tumor regressions with survival improvement. Further studies are warranted to improve the efficacy of IL-15cx as an immunotherapy for breast cancer.
Rapid Analysis of Morusin from &lt;i&gt;Ramulus mori&lt;/i&gt; by HPLC-DAD, Its Distribution &lt;i&gt;in Vivo&lt;/i&gt; and Differentiation in the Cultivated Mulberry Species (2013)

The distribution and content differentiation of morusin in the cultivated species of mulberry by HPLC-DAD are described in this paper. The experimental results showed that morusin is present in all parts of the mulberry bush. The content of morusin was highest in root bark and second highest in branch bark. The difference in morusin content of 20 different species of cultivated mulberry branch bark was significant. The level of morusin was highest in the branch bark of cultivated mulberry No. 404, a tetraploid cultivar, and third in the Husang 32 cultivar of Morus multicaulis. The method used in this study for determining morusin content exhibited good repeatability (RSD 6.02%) and recovery (100.62%). Therefore, the results from this study provide reliable data, for research and development in the future, on the level and distribution of morusin in mulberry in general and the differences found between various cultivated mulberries in particular. Furthermore, the HPLC-DAD method to determine morusin content is fast and reliable and is applicable not only to mulberry bushes but also to other plants.