gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Failure Analysis Strategies for Multistacked Memory Devices with TSV Interconnects (2015)

Abstract In this paper we will demonstrate new approaches for failure analysis of memory devices with multiple stacked dies and TSV interconnects. Therefore, TSV specific failure modes are studied on daisy chain test samples. Two analysis flows for defect localization implementing Electron Beam Induced Current (EBAC) imaging and Lock-in-Thermography (LIT) as well as adapted Focused Ion Beam (FIB) preparation and defect characterization by electron microscopy will be discussed. The most challenging failure mode is an electrical short at the TSV sidewall isolation with sub-micrometer dimensions. It is shown that the leakage path to a certain TSV within the stack can firstly be located by applying LIT to a metallographic cross section and secondly pinpointing by FIB/SEM cross-sectioning. In order to evaluate the potential of non-destructive determination of the lateral defect position, as well as the defect depth from only one LIT measurement, 2D thermal simulations of TSV stacks with artificial leakages are performed calculating the phase shift values per die level.
Human influenza viruses activate an interferon-independent transcription of cellular antiviral genes: Outcome with influenza A virus is unique (2002)

We examine the IFN-alpha/beta-independent activation of cellular transcription that constitutes an early antiviral response of cells against influenza A and B viruses, which cause widespread epidemics in humans. We show that influenza B virus induces the synthesis in human cells of several mature mRNAs encoded by genes containing an IFN-alpha/beta-stimulated response element (ISRE). Consequently, the IFN regulatory factor-3 transcription factor, which is required for the transcription of ISRE-controlled genes, is activated after influenza B virus infection. The production of these cellular mRNAs, some of which encode antiviral proteins, is independent of not only IFN-alpha/beta, but also viral protein synthesis. These mature cellular antiviral mRNAs are not produced after infection with influenza A virus, but IFN regulatory factor-3 is activated and the transcription of the ISRE-controlled p56 gene is induced. Consequently, like other newly synthesized cellular premRNAs in influenza A virus-infected cells, the posttranscriptional processing of premRNAs encoded by ISRE-controlled genes is inhibited. Previous work has established that such posttranscriptional inhibition is mediated by the viral NS1A protein. This unique, global countermeasure against the early, IFN-alpha/beta-independent antiviral response of cells may be an important factor in the pathogenicity of influenza A virus infection.
Magnetic Framework Composites for Low Concentration Methane Capture (2018)

This study proposes a simple and energy efficient technique for methane (CH4) capture from low concentration emission sources. An extrusion-based process was used to fabricate magnetic framework composites (MFCs) from a metal organic framework (MOF), aluminum fumarate, and MgFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNP). Methane uptake for MFCs with different MNP loading at 1 bar and 300 K revealed a high methane uptake of up to 18.2 cm3 g–1. To regenerate the MFCs, a magnetic induction swing adsorption (MISA) process was applied. A working capacity of 100% was achieved for the MFC over 10 adsorption–desorption cycles with an average of 6 min per cycle for the regeneration step. The ability to access 100% of the adsorbed CH4 in the MFC with rapid and localized heating achieved with the MISA process potentially provides an energy efficient technique for CH4 capture and reuse from low concentration sources.
Write Amplification (2015)

Modern in-memory database systems perform transactions an order of magnitude faster than conventional database systems. While in-memory database systems can read the database without I/O, database updates can generate a substantial amount of I/O, since updates must normally be written to persistent secondary storage to ensure that they are durable. In this paper we present a study of storage managers for in-memory database systems, with the goal of characterizing their I/O efficiency. We model the storage efficiency of two classes of storage managers: those that perform in-place updates in secondary storage, and those that use copy-on-write. Our models allow us to make meaningful, quantitative comparisons of storage managers' I/O efficiencies under a variety of conditions.
Light- and Redox-Controlled Fluorescent Switch Based on a Perylenediimide–Dithienylethene Dyad (2012)

The development of luminescent materials that are sensitive to both optical and electrical stimuli is of high interest for the fabrication of future information-processing devices. In this study we report about a novel fluorescent molecular switch (1) that can be light- and redox-controlled. This compound has been synthesized by covalent tethering of a perylenediimide fluorophore (PDI) to a dithienylethene (DTE) unit. The photochromic properties of the DTE group are preserved in the dyad, which can be reversibly converted between open (1o) and closed (1c) states upon irradiation. In addition, 1 displays electrochromicity, and its ring-opening process can be promoted quantitatively by electrochemical oxidation. Whereas the open-ring state of the switch is highly fluorescent, the emission of the PDI group in 1c is quenched by energy transfer to the DTE group. This allows large fluorescence modulation between the two states of 1, which can be operated either as an all-optical switch or by a combination of photo- and electrochemical stimuli.
Multi-channel maximum likelihood sequence estimation (2002)

In mobile radio communications, antenna arrays can be used to improve the quality and/or the capacity of the communication system. The combination of an antenna array and maximum likelihood sequence detection (MLSE) is studied. Different realizations of the multi-channel MLSE are presented. Although equivalent in performance, it is pointed out that one of them, the multi-dimensional matched filter approach, is superior in terms of computational complexity when more than one antenna is used. For completeness, temporally colored noise is included in the formalism.
Detecting Refactorable Clones by Slicing Program Dependence Graphs (2015)

Code duplication in a program can make understanding and maintenance difficult. The problem can be reduced by detecting duplicated code, refactoring it into a separate procedure, and replacing all the clones by appropriate calls to the new procedure. In this paper, we report on a confirmatory replication of a tool that was used to detect such refactorable clones based on program dependence graphs and program slicing.
Instalação e Configuração de Clusters de Estações de Trabalho: Experiência do Laboratório de Computação de Alto Desempenho do Departamento de Informática da UFES (2003)

Sergio N. Simoes, Soterio F. De Souza, Leonardo Muniz, Dijalma Fardin Jr., Alberto F. De Souza, Neyval C. Reis Jr., Andrea Maria P. Valli, Lucia Catabriga Departamento de Informatica – Uni versidade Federal do Espirito Santo {sns, soterio, lmuniz, dijalma, alberto, neyval, avalli, luciac}@inf.ufes.br Resumo
Factors Affecting Quality of Composts for Utilization in Container Media1 (1980)

Abstract A variety of publications from the United States (9, 10, 16, 22, 28), Norway (27), Belgium (4, 5, 6), Finland (18), and Japan (30) have discussed composting of tree barks for use in container media. Although differences in properties of bark from tree species are considerable, established methods for production of high quality composts are remarkably similar. The composting process comprises a complex series of biological events that remove mostly cellulose (wood and cambium) and various toxins (24, 29) from bark and leave humic acid, lignins and a variety of microorganisms as major end products. In this article, key factors are discussed that affect the composting rate of tree barks and quality of the end product. Information presented is based on research performed at the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center during the past 8 years as well as research at other institutions. Some guidelines were established in cooperation with various commercial operations that produce compost for container media.
Coupling X-Ray and optical tomography systems for in vivo examination of small animals (2007)

For the purpose of the co-registration of fluorescence optical signal and X-rays measurements, a multimodality tomographer has been developed in our laboratory. Such a system brings the possibility to get, on the same bench, in vivo both anatomical and functional information. Moreover, the information on the morphology of the animal can be used as a regularization factor in order to get the reconstructions of the biodistribution of fluorochromes more accurate and to reduce the computation time. A study on homogeneous phantoms was conducted to evaluate the feasibility, to test the linearity and the reproducibility, and to fix the parameters for the co-registration. More cumbersome phantoms (sacrificed mice) have then been considered and the test experiments were reproduced. Finally, results of a study conducted in vivo on mice bearing tumors in the lungs, tagged with different types of optical probes, are presented.
Symbolic timing analysis and resynthesis for low power of combinational circuits containing false paths (1997)

This paper presents applications of algebraic decision diagrams (ADDs) to timing analysis and resynthesis for low power of combinational CMOS circuits. We first propose a symbolic algorithm to perform true delay calculation of a technology mapped network; the procedure we propose, implemented as an extension of the SIS synthesis system, is able to provide more accurate timing information than any other method presented so far; in particular, it is able to compute and store the arrival times of all the gates of the circuit for all possible input vectors, as opposed to the traditional methods which consider only the worst case primary inputs combination. Furthermore, the approach does not require any explicit false path elimination. We then extend our timing analysis tool to the symbolic calculation of required times and slacks, and we use this information to perform resynthesis for low power of the circuit by gate resizing. Our approach takes into account false paths naturally; in fact, it guarantees that resizing of the gates does not increase the true delay of the circuit, even in the presence of false paths. Our experiments have shown that many circuits, originally free of false paths, exhibit a large number of these false paths when optimized for area; therefore, the ability to deal with circuits containing false paths is of primary importance. We present experimental results for ADD-based and static timing analysis-based resynthesis, which clearly show that our tool is superior in the case of circuits containing false paths, but at the same time, it provides competitive results in the case of circuits which are free of false paths.
Deposition of Platelet RANTES Triggering Monocyte Recruitment Requires P-Selectin and Is Involved in Neointima Formation After Arterial Injury (2002)

Our data suggest that RANTES deposition and subsequent monocyte arrest are promoted by platelet P-selectin and involved in wire-induced intimal hyperplasia, and that blocking RANTES receptors attenuates neointima formation and macrophage infiltration. This mechanism represents an important component explaining the protection against neointimal growth in P-selectin-deficient mice and may represent a novel approach to the treatment of restenosis or atherosclerosis by the administration of chemokine receptor antagonists.
Clinical review: the Israeli experience: conventional terrorism and critical care. (2005)

Over the past four years there have been 93 multiple-casualty terrorist attacks in Israel, 33 of them in Jerusalem. The Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center is the only Level I trauma center in Jerusalem and has therefore gained important experience in caring for critically injured patients. To do so we have developed a highly flexible operational system for managing the general intensive care unit (GICU). The focus of this review will be on the organizational steps needed to provide operational flexibility, emphasizing the importance of forward deployment of intensive care unit personnel to the trauma bay and emergency room and the existence of a chain of command to limit chaos. A retrospective review of the hospital's response to multiple-casualty terror incidents occurring between 1 October 2000 and 1 September 2004 was performed. Information was assembled from the medical center's trauma registry and from GICU patient admission and discharge records. Patients are described with regard to the severity and type of injury. The organizational work within intensive care is described. Finally, specific issues related to the diagnosis and management of lung, brain, orthopedic and abdominal injuries, caused by bomb blast events associated with shrapnel, are described. This review emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary team approach in caring for these patients.
UAV sensor platforms utilizing pressurized structures technology (2009)

Several areas of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) performance need to be improved for the next generation of UAVs to be used successfully in expanded future combat roles. This paper describes the initial research to improve the performance of UAVs through the use of pressurized structures-based (PSB) technologies. Basically, the UAV will be constructed in such a way that a considerable percentage of its weight will be supported by or composed of inflatable structures containing air or helium. PSB technology will reduce the amount of energy required to keep the UAV aloft thus allowing the use of smaller, slower, and quieter motors. Using PSB technology in tandem with improving technologies in electronics, energy storage, and materials should provide a substantial increase over current UAV performance in areas of need to the military.
Rotation algorithm artifacts in stereoscopic images (1990)

We examine the effect of using rotations for generation of the left- and right-eye perspective views of a stereoscopic image. We show that this approach to stereoscopic display of perspective views results in vertical parallax between the left- and right-eye views and we present an analytic expression that characterizes this parallax in terms of the center of rotation, the location of the image plane, and the angle of rotation. We also derive an analytic expression that shows that the rotation of the perspective views results in a semicylindrical stereo window with center at approximately (0, 0, P12) and radius R/2, where R is the distance from the center of rotation to the center of projection. When this semicylindrical window is mapped to a flat display surface, relative depth relationships can be distorted.
Recognition and Degradation of Myelin Basic Protein Peptides by Serum Autoantibodies: Novel Biomarker for Multiple Sclerosis (2008)

The pathologic role of autoantibodies in autoimmune disease is widely accepted. Recently, we reported that anti-myelin basic protein (MBP) serum Abs from multiple sclerosis (MS) patients exhibit proteolytic activity toward the autoantigen. The aim of this study is to determine MBP epitopes specific for the autoantibodies in MS and compare these data with those from other neuronal disorders (OND), leading to the generation of new diagnostic and prognostic criteria. We constructed a MBP-derived recombinant "epitope library" covering the entire molecule. We used ELISA and PAGE/surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization mass spectroscopy assays to define the epitope binding/cleaving activities of autoantibodies isolated from the sera of 26 MS patients, 22 OND patients, and 11 healthy individuals. The levels of autoantibodies to MBP fragments 48-70 and 85-170 as well as to whole MBP and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein molecules were significantly higher in the sera of MS patients than in those of healthy donors. In contrast, selective reactivity to the two MBP fragments 43-68 and 146-170 distinguished the OND and MS patients. Patients with MS (77% of progressive and 85% of relapsing-remitting) but only 9% of patients with OND and no healthy donors were positive for catalysis, showing pronounced epitope specificity to the encephalitogenic MBP peptide 81-103. This peptide retained its substrate properties when flanked with two fluorescent proteins, providing a novel fluorescent resonance energy transfer approach for MS studies. Thus, anti-MBP autoantibody-mediated, epitope-specific binding and cleavage may be regarded as a specific characteristic of MS compared with OND and healthy donors and may serve as an additional biomarker of disease progression.
Advanced Data-Driven Model for Drilling Bit Position and Direction Determination during Well Deepening (2019)

Summary In this paper we present a new data-driven methodology for a drilling bit position and direction determination. The model is based on machine learning approach and trained on a data collected in a real-time or near real-time: mechanical parameters of drilling, tool-face data, MWD/LWD data, etc. The proposed methodology might be an interest for directional drilling service companies, operator companies that develop low-thickness productive strata. One of the main advantages of the proposed approach is economic efficiency which it provides due to absence of additional costs associated with payments for additional man hours for precise trajectory and direction monitoring. Methodology allows to predict trajectory at any time of drilling. The methodology is illustrated on the historical data of drilling of one oilfield. At the current stage, the results of the testing show good quality. Blind test on 154 independent sliding episodes shows that median absolute error (MedAE) of depth, inclination and azimuth are 0.26 m, 0.25° and 0.42°. These errors will decrease after adding more wells and steps, which are described in future plans.
IMPEDANCE PLETHYSMOGRAPHY FOR SURVEILLANCE OF DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS FOLLOWING EARLY DISCHARGE OF TOTAL JOINT REPLACEMENT PATIENTS (1990)

Between April 1988 and February 1989, 877 patients undergoing total hip (394 patients) and total knee (483 patients) replacement surgeries were given warfarin prophylaxis perioperatively and were tested with impedance plethysmography (IPG) approximately 17 days postoperatively (10 days post-discharge) in the outpatient office. There were 69 positive IPG tests (7.8%). Further assessment of patients with positive IPG results using duplex scanning or venography confirmed DVT in 25 of the 69 patients (3.6%) in the popliteal or thigh areas, and ruled out venous disease in 44 patients. All 25 patients were readmitted for anticoagulation therapy with intravenous (IV) heparin and warfarin. There were no cases of pulmonary embolus. This study indicates that IPG testing is a safe and effective method of screening patients for DVT and its potentially fatal sequela of pulmonary embolus. Furthermore, IPG testing has proven to be cost effective, as it is a relatively simple procedure which can be administered by non-professional personnel in the outpatient office setting.
Reduction of Postoperative Ileus by Early Enteral Nutrition in Patients Undergoing Major Rectal Surgery (2013)

Early enteral nutrition is safe and associated with significantly less ileus. Early enteral nutrition is associated with less anastomotic leakage in patients undergoing extensive rectal surgery.
Increase in Blood‐Brain Barrier (BBB) Permeability Is Regulated by MMP3 via the ERK Signaling Pathway (2021)

MMP3 increases BBB permeability following the administration of isoflurane by upregulating the ERK signaling pathway, which subsequently reduces TJ and VE-cadherin proteins in BMVECs.
Recombinant and epitope-based vaccines on the road to the market and implications for vaccine design and production (2015)

Novel vaccination approaches based on rational design of B- and T-cell epitopes - epitope-based vaccines - are making progress in the clinical trial pipeline. The epitope-focused recombinant protein-based malaria vaccine (termed RTS,S) is a next-generation approach that successfully reached phase-III trials, and will potentially become the first commercial vaccine against a human parasitic disease. Progress made on methods such as recombinant DNA technology, advanced cell-culture techniques, immunoinformatics and rational design of immunogens are driving the development of these novel concepts. Synthetic recombinant proteins comprising both B- and T-cell epitopes can be efficiently produced through modern biotechnology and bioprocessing methods, and can enable the induction of large repertoires of immune specificities. In particular, the inclusion of appropriate CD4+ T-cell epitopes is increasingly considered a key vaccine component to elicit robust immune responses, as suggested by results coming from HIV-1 clinical trials. In silico strategies for vaccine design are under active development to address genetic variation in pathogens and several broadly protective "universal" influenza and HIV-1 vaccines are currently at different stages of clinical trials. Other methods focus on improving population coverage in target populations by rationally considering specificity and prevalence of the HLA proteins, though a proof-of-concept in humans has not been demonstrated yet. Overall, we expect immunoinformatics and bioprocessing methods to become a central part of the next-generation epitope-based vaccine development and production process.
Особенности циркуляции вируса Западного Нила (Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) и некоторых других арбовирусов в экосистемах дельты Волги, Волго-Ахтубинской поймы и сопредельных аридных ландшафтах (2000-2002 гг.) (2004)

Comprehensive virological, serological as well as genetic studies of the ecology of West Nile Virus (WNV) as well as of some other arboviruses were undertaken in different ecosystems in the territories of the Astrakhan Region and of the Kalmyk Republic. The main carriers (mosquitoes, ticks, birds and mammals) were defined as involved in the circulation of viruses within the natural and anthropogenic biocenosis. Phylogenetic examinations of isolated strains and samples, which were positive in RT-PCR, showed an absolute predominance of genotype I virus that was most closely related to American and Israeli strains. At the same time, epidemic strains had up to 6% of nucleotide differences versus the historic strains isolated in the same region 20-30 years ago. Besides, the circulation of genotype IV was discovered; it was characterized by a lower pathogenicity, which, possibly, ensures the shaping of a pronounced immune interlayer bearing no epidemic consequences. An analysis of the study results on the WNV ecology denotes the epicenter of the endemic territory located in the middle part of the Volga delta.
A glucose-like and calcium-independent effect of cyclic AMP on insular function (1974)

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