gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
a-axis oriented growth of YBa2Cu3O7−y films on LaSrGaO4(100) substrates (1992)

We have grown a-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O7−y (YBCO) films on LaSrGaO4 (LSGO) (100) substrates with (100) oriented seed layer of PrBa2Cu3O7−x (PBCO) using a pulsed laser deposition technique. PBCO films on LSGO (100) deposited even at ∼800 °C exhibits the a-axis orientation. In this temperature range, PBCO films on SrTiO3 (100) substrate exhibits the c-axis orientation. The YBCO film with a-axis orientation was grown on this PBCO(100) layer at a wide range of 650–800 °C. The YBCO films on PBCO free substrates have, on the other hand, c-axis orientation normal to the surface of the LSGO (100). We found that the preferred orientations of YBCO thin films can be controlled by the presence of PBCO films on LSGO substrate. For the a-axis orientated YBCO films, the resistance perpendicular to the c axis is 1/2 of that parallel to the c axis, suggesting the preferred orientation of c axis along the surface. The zero resistance superconducting transition temperature (Tc) of the films on the LSGO (100) and PBCO (100)/LSGO (100) substrates are 88.0 and 89.0 K, respectively.
Immunohistochemical localisation of advanced glycation end products in pulmonary fibrosis. (1998)

These findings suggest that AGE modified proteins accumulate in alveolar macrophages in patients with diffuse alveolar damage and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Increased Levels of the FoxM1 Transcription Factor Accelerate Development and Progression of Prostate Carcinomas in both TRAMP and LADY Transgenic Mice (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Increased Levels of the FoxM1 Transcription Factor Accelerate Development and Progression of Prostate Carcinomas in both TRAMP and LADY Transgenic Mice
Sensing and recognition of bacteria by NKT cells (44.3) (2007)

Abstract Natural Killer T (NKT) cells are a conserved T lymphocyte subpopulation that participates in host defense against infections. NKT cell express an invariant TCR alpha chain and they recognize glycolipids presented by CD1d. We found that NKT cells also respond to IL-12 and IL-18 produced by APC that have been activated by TLR ligands. As a result, NKT cells rapidly produce IFN gamma that stimulates the innate immune response. By responding to activated APC, NKT cells can amplify the innate immunity to many different microbes. The invariant TCR expressed by mouse and human NKT cells recognizes glycosphingolipids with alpha linked sugars, which are unique to Sphingomonas bacteria. Mice that lack NKT cells have reduced Sphingomonas clearance. Mouse and human NKT cells with an invariant TCR also recognize glycosyl diacylglycerols from Borrelia burgdorferi, which causes Lyme disease. Interestingly, the response to these compounds was highly dependent on the nature of the aliphatic chains, with the addition of a single unsaturated bond having an enormous influence on antigenic potency. NKT cells are activated during B. burgdorferi infection. These data provide evidence that NKT cells recognize a new category of microbial glycolipids, diacylglycerols, which is more broadly distributed in pathogenic microbes, and they suggest that this TCR-mediated recognition provides protection from microbial pathogens.
A novel MOSFET gate driver for the complementary Class D converter (1999)

The MOSFET gate driver (MGD) has many applications in power electronics. The common MGD needs a high voltage level-shifter to drive the high-side switch. Level-shifting impairs speed and consumes a large area of the die. This paper introduces a novel MGD that works with a complementary Class D power converter. Void of level shifting, this low voltage IC is fast, does not require a bootstrap circuit and is less costly to manufacture.
Approximate Analysis of Penetration of a Cylindrical Roller Into a Thin Elastic Coating (1990)

An approximate analytical solution to the problem of two-dimensional indentation of a frictionless cylinder into a thin elastic coating bonded to a rigid substrate has been obtained using the approach introduced by Matthewson for axisymmetric indentation. We show by comparing the results of the approximate solution to the exact solutions and to finite element calculations that the approximate solution is accurate for a/h&gt; 2. The advantage of this approach is that the results are expressed in closed form and the accuracy of the approximate solution improves with increasing values of a/h. For a/h&gt;2, for a given load, the theory overestimates the value of a/h compared to the exact solution by less than 10 percent. In many experimental studies and in preliminary design, it is convenient to have closed-form solutions exhibiting the dependence of the parameters.
Role of SLC6A6 in promoting the survival and multidrug resistance of colorectal cancer (2014)

The treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) might be improved by the identification of a signalling pathway that could be targeted with novel therapeutics. The results of this study indicate that the taurine transporter SLC6A6 is highly expressed in CRC cells compared with normal colonocytes. SLC6A6 knockdown (KD) attenuated cell survival and was accompanied by enhanced drug sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), doxycycline (DOX) and SN-38. Both the population frequency of the side population (SP) cells and their cancer stem cell (CSC)-like properties (such as tumour initiation, differentiation and chemoresistance) were abrogated by SLC6A6-KD. Conversely, SLC6A6 overexpression increased cell survival and the proportion of SP cells, enhancing multidrug resistance (MDR). Additionally, SLC6A6-siRNA treatment enhanced the cytotoxic effects of all 3 drugs, whereas the efficacy of ABCG2-siRNA treatment was limited to its 2 substrate drugs, DOX and SN-38. This study indicates that SLC6A6 plays an important role in the maintenance of CSC characteristics, thus promoting cell survival signalling and chemoresistance. Therefore, SLC6A6 inhibition may be a promising therapeutic strategy for refractory CRC.
Malaria Immunity in Man and Mosquito: Insights into Unsolved Mysteries of a Deadly Infectious Disease (2014)

Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease caused by parasites of the obligate intracellular Apicomplexa phylum the most deadly of which, Plasmodium falciparum, prevails in Africa. Malaria imposes a huge health burden on the world's most vulnerable populations, claiming the lives of nearly one million children and pregnant women each year. Although there is keen interest in eradicating malaria, we do not yet have the necessary tools to meet this challenge, including an effective malaria vaccine and adequate vector control strategies. Here we review what is known about the mechanisms at play in immune resistance to malaria in both the human and mosquito hosts at each step in the parasite's complex life cycle with a view toward developing the tools that will contribute to the prevention of disease and death and, ultimately, to the goal of malaria eradication. In so doing, we hope to inspire immunologists to participate in defeating this devastating disease.
Study of the Beta-delayed multiple particle break-up of the 2.43 MeV state in Be-9 (2006)

5 pags., 2 figs. -- International Symposium on Nuclear Astrophysics — Nuclei in the Cosmos — IX, June 25-30 2006, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
Androgenic switch: an example of plant embryogenesis from the male gametophyte perspective (2005)

Embryogenesis in plants is a unique process in the sense that it can be initiated from a wide range of cells other than the zygote. Upon stress, microspores or young pollen grains can be switched from their normal pollen development towards an embryogenic pathway, a process called androgenesis. Androgenesis represents an important tool for research in plant genetics and breeding, since androgenic embryos can germinate into completely homozygous, double haploid plants. From a developmental point of view, androgenesis is a rewarding system for understanding the process of embryo formation from single, haploid microspores. Androgenic development can be divided into three main characteristic phases: acquisition of embryogenic potential, initiation of cell divisions, and pattern formation. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the main cellular and molecular events that characterize these three commitment phases. Molecular approaches such as differential screening and cDNA array have been successfully employed in the characterization of the spatiotemporal changes in gene expression during androgenesis. These results suggest that the activation of key regulators of embryogenesis, such as the BABY BOOM transcription factor, is preceded by the stress-induced reprogramming of cellular metabolism. Reprogramming of cellular metabolism includes the repression of gene expression related to starch biosynthesis and the induction of proteolytic genes (e.g. components of the 26S proteasome, metalloprotease, cysteine, and aspartic proteases) and stress-related proteins (e.g. GST, HSP, BI-1, ADH). The combination of cell tracking systems with biochemical markers has allowed the key switches in the developmental pathway of microspores to be determined, as well as programmed cell death to be identified as a feature of successful androgenic embryo development. The mechanisms of androgenesis induction and embryo formation are discussed, in relation to other biological systems, in special zygotic and somatic embryogenesis.
Financial Literacy of Pupils at Grammar School (2013)

The diploma thesis "Financial literacy of pupils at grammar school" deals with the attitudes of students to the issue of financial literacy and the level of their knowledge. It focuses on individual components of financial literacy and key factors which influence and shape the students' knowledge and attitudes. Comparing available literature sources the definition of financial literacy is discussed in the theoretical part. The theoretical part also includes the way financial education is regulated in the Czech Republic. The practical part using a descriptive statistical analysis presents results received from the questionnaire distributed among pupils of the grammar school. Based on the results four hypotheses were set and their validity is tested. The evaluation and discussion parts are incorporated in the work.
A finite element formulation for spectral problems in optical fibers (2001)

This paper is devoted to the presentation of a new finite element formulation for spectral problems arising in the determination of propagating modes in dielectric waveguides and particularly in optical fibers. As an example, we compute the coupling between two parallel optical wave guides. The originality of the paper lies in the fact that we take into account both the vector character of the problem (no weak coupling assumption) and the unboundness of the domain.
Glass formation in microgravity (1987)

An account is given of containerless glass-forming experiments conducted aboard the Space Shuttle in 1985, using a single-axis acoustic levitator furnace apparatus. An attempt was made to obtain quantitative evidence for the suppression of heterogeneous nucleation/crystallization in containerless melts under microgravity conditions, as well as to study melt homogenization in the absence of gravity-driven convection and assess the feasibility of laser fusion target glass microsphere preparation with a microgravity apparatus of the present type. A ternary calcia-gallia-silica glass thus obtained indicated a 2-3-fold increase in glass-formation tendency for this material composition in microgravity, by comparison with 1g.
Interdependent Dynamic Nitroaldol and Boronic Ester Reactions for Complex Dynamers of Different Topologies (2021)

Complex dynamic systems displaying interdependency between nitroaldol and boronic ester reactions have been demonstrated. Nitroalkane-1,3-diols, generated by the nitroaldol reaction, were susceptible to ester formation with different boronic acids in aprotic solvents, whereas hydrolysis of the esters occurred in the presence of water. The boronic ester formation led to significant stabilization of the nitroaldol adducts under basic conditions. The use of bifunctional building blocks was furthermore established, allowing for main chain nitroaldol-boronate dynamers as well as complex network dynamers with distinct topologies. The shape and rigidity of the resulting dynamers showed an apparent dependency on the configuration of the boronic acids.
Surgical practice of primary care physicians in a rural state: implications for curriculum design. (2000)

Information regarding the surgical practice patterns of practicing primary care physicians can be used to develop a surgical curriculum for medical students and primary care residents.
A Study on the Characteristics of High Temperature and Mechanisms for Creep Deformation of AZ31 Mg Alloy (2005)

Magnesium alloys have been widely used for many structural components of automobiles and aircraft because of high specific strength and good cast ability in spite of hexagonal closed-packed crystal structure of pure magnesium. In this study, uniaxial tension tests at high temperature and creep tests are done in order to investigate the characteristics of high temperature and mechanisms for creep deformation of AZ31 Mg alloy. Yield stress and ultimate tensile stress decreased with increasing temperature, but elongation increased from results of uniaxial tension test at high temperature. The apparent activation energy Qc, the applied stress exponent n and rupture life have been determined during creep of AZ31 Mg alloy over the temperature range of 473K to 573K and stress range of 23.42 MPa to 93.59 MPa, respectively, in order to investigate the creep behavior. Constant load creep tests were carried out in the equipment including automatic temperature controller, whose data are sent to computer. At around the temperature of and under the stress level of , and again at around the temperature of and under the stress level of , the creep behavior obeyed a simple power-law relating steady state creep rate to applied stress and the activation energy for the creep deformation was nearly equal, respectively, and a little low to that of the self diffusion of Mg alloy including aluminum. Also rupture surfaces at high temperature have had bigger dimples than those at lower temperature by SEM.
Tracer-based mine-mill ore tracking via process hold ups at Northparkes mine. (2009)

The tracking of ore through process hold-ups such as stockpiles has been traditionally been difficult to achieve. The inability to pinpoint the exact source in the mine of material that is feeding a processing plant has led to inefficient mine-mill reconciliation processes. In addition, a lack of understanding of the behaviour of ore in process hold-ups such as bins and stockpiles often leads to poor predictions of plant performance and to poor reconciliation of this to the orebody.This paper reports on two short case studies. One case study addresses tracking ore from various parts of two mines to the concentrator. The other follows synthetic particles through the coarse ore stockpile. Both studies use radio-frequency identification (RFID) tracer technology. The paper concludes by discussing general strategies for implementation of such concepts into mine-mill metal accounting and reconciliation systems. As shown in this paper, reliable ore tracking systems will allow much more effective mine-mill reconciliations as well as the ability to model process hold-ups with regard to size by residence time distributions. This should, in turn, allow metallurgists to have a better understanding of the size and grade of material that will report to the plant at different process hold-up (eg stockpile) conditions.
In situ curing biomimetic materials in regenerative medicine (2004)

The use of in situ curing biomimetic materials for cell ingrowth matrices in regenerative medicine, is described. Such materials must permit cell adhesion and cell infiltration from soft tissues. The biomimetic materials prove to be beneficial if they are consistent with the practice of minimally invasive surgery and are thus injectable as liquids and convert into solids in situ, in direct contact with tissues in the surgical site. It is observed that the Michael-type additions act as pathways towards in situ curing. The constraints placed upon chemical reactions to enable in situ crosslinking or polymerization are also substantial.
Inhibition of Vasculogenic Mimicry and Angiogenesis by an Anti-EGFR IgG1-Human Endostatin-P125A Fusion Protein Reduces Triple Negative Breast Cancer Metastases (2021)

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype with limited therapeutic options. Metastasis is the major cause of TNBC mortality. Angiogenesis facilitates TNBC metastases. Many TNBCs also form vascular channels lined by tumor cells rather than endothelial cells, known as 'vasculogenic mimicry' (VM). VM has been linked to metastatic TNBC behavior and resistance to anti-angiogenic agents. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently expressed on TNBC, but anti-EGFR antibodies have limited efficacy. We synthesized an anti-EGFR antibody-endostatin fusion protein, αEGFR IgG1-huEndo-P125A (αEGFR-E-P125A), designed to deliver a mutant endostatin, huEndo-P125A (E-P125A), to EGFR expressing tumors, and tested its effects on angiogenesis, TNBC VM, and motility in vitro, and on the growth and metastasis of two independent human TNBC xenograft models in vivo. αEGFR-E-P125A completely inhibited the ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells to form capillary-like structures (CLS) and of TNBC cells to engage in VM and form tubes in vitro. αEGFR-E-P125A treatment reduced endothelial and TNBC motility in vitro more effectively than E-P125A or cetuximab, delivered alone or in combination. Treatment of TNBC with αEGFR-E-P125A was associated with a reduction in cytoplasmic and nuclear β-catenin and reduced phosphorylation of vimentin. αEGFR-E-P125A treatment of TNBC xenografts in vivo inhibited angiogenesis and VM, reduced primary tumor growth and lung metastasis of orthotopically implanted MDA-MB-468 TNBC cells, and markedly decreased lung metastases following intravenous injection of MDA-MB-231-4175 lung-tropic TNBC cells. Combined inhibition of angiogenesis, VM, and TNBC motility mediated by αEGFR-E-P125A is a promising strategy for the prevention of TNBC metastases.
Inertial Sensor-Based Feedback Can Reduce Key Risk Metrics for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury During Jump Landings (2012)

Interventional training for reducing the risk of ACL injury could be improved with a simple device that provides immediate feedback.
Novel White Electroluminescent Single Polymer Derived from Fluorene and Quinacridone (2008)

A novel series of white light emitting single polymers are prepared by incorporating low contents of quinacridone into the main chain of polyfluorene. This is the first report of quinacridone-containing conjugated polymer. Single layer devices (ITO/PEDOT:PSS/polymer/Ca/Al) are fabricated with these polymers. Energy transfer from fluorene segments to quinacridone unit is observed. Moreover, in the EL process, quinacridone unit can trap electrons and cannot trap holes from fluorene segments. Electroluminescence (EL) spectra of these polymers exhibit simultaneous blue emission (λmax = 425 nm/445 nm) from the fluorene segments and yellow emission (λmax = 540 nm/580 nm) from the quinacridone unit. The latter one comes from the partial energy transfer and charge trapping from the fluorene segments to the quinacridone unit. With the increase of the quinacridone unit's content in the copolymers, the relative intensity of the orange emission band in the EL spectra becomes stronger owing to the more complete energy transfer and charge trapping. For the polymer (PFQA3) with the quinacridone unit's content of 0.03 mol %, its EL spectrum shows balanced intensities of blue emission and orange emission, leading to white emission with CIE coordinates of (0.27, 0.35). Single layer device of this polymer exhibits the turn-on voltage of 3.5 V, luminous efficiency of 3.47 cd/A, power efficiency of 2.18 lm/W, external quantum efficiency of 1.33% and maximum brightness of 9062 cd/m2. Increase of the quinacridone unit's content results in increased turn-on voltages and decreased EL efficiencies of the resulting devices owing to the serious trap of electrons by quinacridone unit and exciton quenching of quinacridone unit at high concentration, respectively.
Better platooning toward autonomous driving: Inter-vehicle communications with directional antenna (2021)

Recently, in the researches on vehicular Internet-of-Things (IoT), platooning have received lots of attentions due to its potential to improve the fuel efficiency and driving experience. Platoon is a group of vehicles that act as smart agents, they travel collaboratively by following the leading human-driven vehicle. A vehicle in the platoon utilizes radar and wireless communication to share important information to other vehicles in the same platoon such as speed and acceleration, to realize the safe and efficient driving. The quality of wireless communication is of great importance to manage and maintain the platoons. However, in a scenario that a large number of vehicles exist, communication delay and packet loss caused by channel congestion may endanger the safe inter-vehicle distance. In this paper, we introduce inter-vehicle communication with directional antenna into platooning. By extensive simulations, we evaluate the packet delay and inter-vehicle distance in both normal driving and braking scenarios, and verify the usefulness of directional antenna in platooning for vehicular IoT.
The Making of Artificial Floods and Impact Assessment in Yellow River (2010)

The environmental flow has important scientific significance and practical value on maintaining the health of the Yellow River, artificial floods is an unique environmental flow to restore river' s natural and socio - economic functions. This study discusses the basic features, concept definition and evaluation method of the making of artificial floods, analyzes the general rules and its particularity of implementing the environmental flow management in the Yellow River Basin from the policy, management and technical levels. Making Artificial Floods and its impact assessment on social - economic and environment are introduced and discussed, and also puts forward a series of constructive policy recommendations regarding how to achieve the river protection and the sustainable development of social economy.
Optical design for digital-micromirror device-based infrared scene projector (2007)

This paper describes the principle of Digital Micromirror Device-based infrared scene projector system and analyzes the illumination system. We review traditional illumination systems in critical and kola ways. In order to get more uniform and a low cost illumination system, we use CODEV to design a fly-eye illumination system and a reflective fly-eye lens system. Simulation results by means of CODEV were shown. We propose that a fly-eye illumination system can achieve high quality infrared illumination system and a reflective fly-eye lens system can provide a low-loss illuminator.