gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SMART SYSTEMS ARCHITECTING: COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE APPLIED TO TRADE SPACE EXPLORATION AND SYSTEM DESIGN (2009)

The design trade space of a complex system is vast, and overlooking potential architecture alternatives can have an adverse impact on the final outcome. This paper presents a Smart Systems Architecting (SSA) approach for generating and assessing architecture alternatives. Computationally intelligent techniques such as Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) are used to explore the design trade space for candidate architectures. A novel fuzzy architecture assessment approach is presented to quantitatively evaluate the set of possible solutions based on the decision-maker's preferences even in the presence of incomplete, subjective and ambiguous information. The broad applicability of Smart Systems Architecting is demonstrated by three specific approaches to fuzzy evolutionary search at different levels of design ambiguity.
Novel space vector based current controllers for PWM-inverters (1991)

Two novel, simple control strategies for current-controlled pulse-width modulated (PWM) transistor inverters are presented. Both methods are based on the three-level hysteresis comparators which select appropriate inverter output voltage vectors via a switching electrically programmable read-only memory (EPROM) table. The first controller works with current components represented in a stationary coordinate system (AC components) and the second with components represented in a rotated (field-oriented) coordinate system (DC components). The theoretical principles of these methods are discussed. The results of a comparative study, which illustrates the performance of the proposed controller in comparison to the most popular scheme (based on three independent two-level hysteresis comparators), are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Comparative proteomic analyses of human adipose extracellular matrices decellularized using alternative procedures (2018)

Decellularized human adipose tissue has potential clinical utility as a processed biological scaffold for soft tissue cosmesis, grafting, and reconstruction. Adipose tissue decellularization has been accomplished using enzymatic-, detergent-, and/or solvent-based methods. To examine the hypothesis that distinct decellularization processes may yield scaffolds with differing compositions, the current study employed mass spectrometry to compare the proteomes of human adipose-derived matrices generated through three independent methods combining enzymatic-, detergent-, and/or solvent-based steps. In addition to protein content, bioscaffolds were evaluated for deoxyribose nucleic acid depletion, extracellular matrix composition, and physical structure using optical density, histochemical staining, and scanning electron microscopy. Mass spectrometry based proteomic analyses identified 25 proteins (having at least two peptide sequences detected) in the scaffolds generated with an enzymatic approach, 143 with the detergent approach, and 102 with the solvent approach, as compared to 155 detected in unprocessed native human fat. Immunohistochemical detection confirmed the presence of the structural proteins actin, collagen type VI, fibrillin, laminin, and vimentin. Subsequent in vivo analysis of the predominantly enzymatic- and detergent-based decellularized scaffolds following subcutaneous implantation in GFP<sup>+</sup> transgenic mice demonstrated that the matrices generated with both approaches supported the ingrowth of host-derived adipocyte progenitors and vasculature in a time dependent manner. Together, these results determine that decellularization methods influence the protein composition of adipose tissue-derived bioscaffolds. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2481-2493, 2018.
Sex differences in TTC12/ANKK1 haplotype associations with daily tobacco smoking in Black and White Americans (2010)

In 2 different ethnic American populations, we observed man-woman variation in the influence of the rs2303380-rs4938015-rs11604671 GTG haplotype on smoking initiation and cessation. These results should be replicated in larger cohorts to establish the relationship among the rs2303380-rs4938015-rs11604671 haplotype block, sex, and smoking behavior.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc Hydroxides and Oxides Supported by Organic Ligands: Synthesis and Structural Diversity (2014)

Abstract Review: 94 refs.
Role of different proteolytic systems in the degradation of muscle proteins during denervation atrophy. (1990)

In order to clarify the cellular mechanisms of denervation atrophy of skeletal muscle, we have studied protein turnover in denervated and control rat soleus muscles in vitro under different conditions. By 24 h after cutting the sciatic nerve, overall protein breakdown was greater in the denervated soleus than in the contralateral control muscle, and by 3 days, net proteolysis had increased about 3-fold. Since protein synthesis increased slightly following denervation, the rise in proteolysis must be responsible for the muscle atrophy and the differential loss of contractile proteins. Like overall proteolysis, the breakdown of actin (as shown by 3-methyl-histidine production by the muscles) increased each day after denervation and by 3 days was 2.5 times faster than in controls. Treatments that block the lysosomal and Ca2(+)-dependent proteolytic systems did not reduce the increase in overall protein degradation and actin breakdown in the denervated muscles (maintained in complete medium at resting length). However, the content of the lysosomal protease, cathepsin B, increased about 2-fold by 3 days after denervation. Furthermore, conditions that activate intralysosomal proteolysis (incubation without insulin or amino acids) stimulated proteolysis 2-3-fold more in the denervated muscles than in controls. Also, incubation conditions that activate the Ca2(+)-dependent pathway (incubation with Ca2+ ionophores or allowing muscles to shorten) were 2-3 times more effective in enhancing overall proteolysis in the denervated muscle. None of these treatments affected 3-methylhistidine production. Thus, multiple proteolytic systems increase in parallel in the denervated muscle, but a nonlysosomal process (independent of Ca2+) appears mainly responsible for the rapid loss of cell proteins, especially of myofibrillar components.
Release of Chemotactic Factors by Veins During Preparation for Arterial Bypass (1990)

With the use of arterial bypass release neutrophil chemotactic factors, saphenous veins were removed from dogs by means of standard surgical technique and were distended to a pressure of 200 mm Hg for 15 minutes with cold (4 degrees C) plasmalyte solution. Veins cannulated in situ and flushed with cold (4 degrees C) plasmalyte solution served as negative controls. Experimental and control flush solutions were assayed for the presence of neutrophil chemotactic factors with the use of modified Boyden chambers. Chemotactic activity from the distended vein grafts was 2.2 to 7.2 times the control value. Biologic chemotactic activity was demonstrated as well. These results suggest a role for the vein graft itself in the recruitment of neutrophils to implanted veins by releasing chemoattractants.
Calcinosis in refractory dermatomyositis improves with tofacitinib monotherapy: a case series (2021)

Dear Editor, We report three patients with refractory DM and calcinosis who were part of an open-label clinical trial [Study of Tofacitinib in Refractory Dermatomyositis (STIR)] [1] who also had improvement in their calcinosis that coincided with improvement on muscle MRI after 3 months of treatment. Minimum Cutaneous Dermatomyositis Disease Area and Severity Index (CDASI) of >5 and/or Manual Muscle Testing-8 (MMT-8) <142 was required to enrol in the study. This study was approved by the Johns Hopkins Institutional Review Board and each patient gave written informed consent. Patient 1 is a 50-year-old female with a history of NXP-2 positive refractory DM for 14 years prior to enrolment in the STIR study. Her initial presentation was manifested by proximal muscle weakness and dysphagia and classic rash including Gottron’s papules and V-neck sign. She developed calcinosis of the left calf within 3 months of the onset of her DM, which progressed to include her thighs. While she had improvement in her muscle disease with immunosuppression, her continued skin disease activity prompted entry into the STIR study. There was an improvement in her skin disease with tofacitinib (see CDASI scores in Supplementary Table S1, available at Rheumatology online). Her muscle strength was full power at entry into the study. On imaging, there was elevated signal of the intramuscular and subcutaneous reticular areas on baseline bilateral thigh muscle MRI. After 3 months of treatment, the patient noticed an improvement in her calcinosis in the calf and thighs, which was also confirmed on muscle MRI (Fig. 1A–D).
Lessons for a SECURE Future: Evaluating Diversity in Crop Biotechnology Across Regulatory Regimes (2022)

Regulation of next-generation crops in the United States under the newly implemented "SECURE" rule promises to diversify innovation in agricultural biotechnology. Specifically, SECURE promises to expand the number of products eligible for regulatory exemption, which proponents theorize will increase the variety of traits, genes, organisms, and developers involved in developing crop biotechnology. However, few data-driven studies have looked back at the history of crop biotechnology to understand how specific regulatory pathways have affected diversity in crop biotechnology and how those patterns might change over time. In this article, we draw upon 30 years of regulatory submission data to 1) understand historical diversification trends across the landscape and history of past crop biotechnology regulatory pathways and 2) forecast how the new SECURE regulations might affect future diversification trends. Our goal is to apply an empirical approach to exploring the relationship between regulation and diversity in crop biotechnology and provide a basis for future data-driven analysis of regulatory outcomes. Based on our analysis, we suggest that diversity in crop biotechnology does not follow a single trajectory dictated by the shifts in regulation, and outcomes of SECURE might be more varied and restrictive despite the revamped exemption categories. In addition, the concept of confidential business information and its relationship to past and future biotechnology regulation is reviewed in light of our analysis.
Fullerene Derivatives in Poly(methyl methacrylate):  An EPR and Zero-Field ODMR Study of Their Photoexcited Triplet States (1996)

Samples of two fullerene derivatives, namely, C60C2H4N(CH3) and C60C2H4N(Ph2C6H4-4-OCH3) in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), were prepared either by solvent evaporation from CHCl3 solutions or by thermal polymerization of methyl methacrylate monomers containing the fulleropyrrolidines.In the first case PMMA behaves as a neutral polymeric matrix, while in the second the material swells by absorption of the solvent and its glass transition temperature is shifted up by 8 °C with respect to undoped material.Both pieces of evidence are typical of cross-linking between the polymer chains that involves fulleropyrrolidines.EPR and ODMR spectroscopies are applied to the study of the cross-linked species.It is found that its excited triplet state is characterized by unusually large electron dipolar splitting (| D| = 248 × 10-4 cm-1).Calculations of D have been carried out using a model that considers 3C60 and the fullerene derivatives as a collection of fully localized double bonds.The experimental negative sign of D has been reproduced for 3C60, and a positive sign of D is expected for cross-linked fulleropyrrolidine affected by cross-links in the equatorial region.Such a sign reversal can explain the different spin polarization patterns exhibited by their EPR spectra.
Functional organization of the Bel-1 trans activator of human foamy virus (1993)

Human foamy virus encodes a 300-amino-acid nuclear regulatory protein termed Bel-1 that is required for human foamy virus replication in culture. Bel-1 is a potent trans-activator of gene expression directed by the homologous HFV long terminal repeat as well as the long terminal repeat of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. We have used mutational analysis to define several discrete functional domains within Bel-1. The C-terminal approximately 50 amino acids of Bel-1 are shown to be essential for Bel-1 activity but can be effectively substituted by the C-terminal activation domain of VP16. We therefore conclude that the Bel-1 C terminus forms part of an activation domain. Mutations within a central, approximately 100-amino-acid segment of Bel-1 preclude trans-activation by either Bel-1 or the Bel-1/VP16 chimera. These sequences are therefore proposed to direct the interaction of Bel-1 with its viral DNA target sequences. A short Bel-1 segment located between the activation and binding domains is shown to mediate the nuclear localization of this regulatory protein. Although the functional organization of Bel-1 therefore appears comparable to that reported for other eukaryotic transcriptional activators, Bel-1 does not contain sequences homologous to known transcriptional activation or DNA-binding motifs.
Cutaneous Findings in SARS-CoV-2-Associated Multisystem Inflammatory Disease in Children (2021)

Rash is a common feature of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a postinfectious hyperinflammatory disease associated with prior severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Because the differential diagnosis of fever and rash in children is broad, understanding clinical characteristics of MIS-C may assist with diagnosis. Here we describe the cutaneous findings observed in a series of children with MIS-C-associated rash.
DIFFERENCES IN DAY/NIGHT BLOOD PRESSURE RATIO BETWEEN NORMAL PREGNANCY, GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION, AND PREECLAMPSIA (2004)

Ayala, D. E.1; Hermida, R. C.1; Mojon, A.1; Fernandez, J. R.1; Alonso, I.1; Aguilar, M. F.2; Codesido, J.2; Iglesias, M.2 Author Information
ChemInform Abstract: An Easy and Efficient Access to 2‐Bromo‐4‐methoxyaniline (III) (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Observation of Soliton Fission in Dispersion Oscillating Fiber (2006)

A new method of increasing of pulse repetition rate by means of fission of second-order solitons in the fiber with periodically modulated dispersion is studied numerically and experimentally. Good agreement between theory and experiment was obtained.
Spring hookwire breast lesion localizer: use with rigid-compression mammographic systems. (1985)

Modifications have been made in the spring hookwire system to facilitate accurate three-dimensional placement and to aid surgeons in gauging the location of the hook with respect to a breast lesion. Difficulties in placement of the needle created by rigid compression systems can be overcome by using a combination of a fenestrated compression plate and a spot-compression device.
Fine-tuning the feature size of nanoporous silver (2012)

We show that the characteristic ligament size of nanoporous Ag synthesized by chemical dissolution of Al from Ag–Al alloys can be tuned from the current submicrometer size (∼100–500 nm) down to a much smaller length scale (∼30–60 nm). This is achieved by suppressing the formation of the Ag2Al intermetallic compound in the alloy precursor.
Indirubin and Indirubin Derivatives for Counteracting Proliferative Diseases (2015)

Indirubin is the active component of Danggui Longhui Wan, a traditional Chinese medicine formulation. The encouraging clinical results from the 1980s obtained in chronic myelocytic leukemia patients treated with indirubin stimulated numerous studies on this compound. These investigations explored the use of indirubin in different types of cancer and reported the synthesis of novel derivatives with improved chemical and pharmacokinetic properties. In this paper, we review the impressive progress that has been made in elucidating the mechanistic understanding of how indirubin and its derivatives affect physiological and pathophysiological processes, mainly by inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of cell death. Furthermore, we survey the therapeutic use of these compounds in combating proliferative diseases such as cancer, restenosis, and psoriasis.
Cluster-based RF fingerprint positioning using LTE and WLAN outdoor signals (2015)

In this paper we evaluate user-equipment (UE) positioning performance of three cluster-based RF fingerprinting methods using LTE and WLAN signals. Real-life LTE and WLAN data were collected for the evaluation purpose using consumer cellular-mobile handset utilizing `Nemo Handy' drive test software tool. Test results of cluster-based methods were compared to the conventional grid-based RF fingerprinting. The cluster-based methods do not require grid-cell layout and training signature formation as compared to the grid-based method. They utilize LTE cell-ID searching technique to reduce the search space for clustering operation. Thus UE position estimation is done in short time with less computational cost. Among the cluster-based methods Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster based RF fingerprinting provided best positioning accuracy using a single LTE and six WLAN signal strengths. This method showed an improvement of 42.3 % and 39.8 % in the 68th percentile and 95th percentile of positioning error (PE) over the grid-based RF fingerprinting.
Novel approach for atrial fibrillation ablation during open-heart surgery using cryoballoon technology (2012)

Surgical cryoballoon ablation is feasible and can effectively isolate PV.
Performance of a shunt reactor controller with non-identical parallel turbogenerators (1991)

The damping of torsional oscillations in two parallel generating units using a single common controlled shunt reactor is investigated. The shunt reactance is regulated using either a speed signal from one of the generating units or a combined speed signal from both units. The effect of load differences and torsional mode frequency differences between the units on the performance of a controller designed assuming truly identical units is investigated. Results indicate that for the controller using only a single generator speed signal as input, it is better for the damping of a particular mode to take the input signal from the generator with the higher mode frequency for that mode. When the generator speed signals are combined to form the controller input, then mode frequency differences do not detract from the controller's performance but load differences do.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Genomic DNA Libraries (1987)

Genomic DNA libraries are almost always screened by hybridization using a radioactive nucleic acid probe. Since this approach is essentially independent of a particular vector or type of target DNA, the main problem faced when considering creation of a genomic DNA library is simply generating a large enough number of recombinant DNA clones. The basic strategies used to address this problem have included both minimizing the number of clones necessary by incorporating large fragments of genomic DNA, and maximizing cloning efficiency by using vectors based on bacteriophage lambda. This unit discusses the appropriate numerical considerations for both ordinary genomic DNA libraries and subgenomic DNA libraries, and then describes a limited number of appropriate vectors.
Milling, Water Uptake, and Modification Properties of Different Barley (Hordeum vulgareL.) Lots in Relation to Grain Composition and Structure (2014)

Milling properties, water uptake, and modification in malting were studied in 14 barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) lots from two consecutive crop years. In all barley lots studied, grains with lower β-glucan and protein content and higher starch content produced finer flours upon milling. Grains with lower β-glucan content also hydrated more rapidly during steeping. A detailed study of two cultivars from two crop years indicated that similar environmental conditions could induce a higher β-glucan content and concentration of aggregated B hordein in the peripheral endosperm and a lower proportion of C hordein entrapped among aggregated hordeins deeper within the endosperm. These characteristics were associated with production of coarser flours during milling as well as with slower water uptake and lower modification. However, the data do not distinguish between the effect of β-glucan content and that of hordein localization. Distribution of β-glucan or total protein within the kernel was not linked to hydration or modification.
Inhibition of the IL-1β-induced Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases by Controlled Release of IL-1 Receptor Antagonist Using Injectable and Thermo-reversible Gels in Human Osteoarthritis Chondrocytes (2011)

Objective IL-1β is involved in the degradation of articular cartilage in various arthritides, including osteoarthritis (OA). Competitive inhibition of IL-1β by IL-1 receptor antagonists (IL-1Ra) may represent a pathogenesis-based strategy for inhibiting degradation of the cartilage matrix. We investigated the hypothesis that controlled release of IL-1Ra using injectable, thermoreversible and complex coacervate combination gels as drug delivery systems might reduce matrix degradation in OA. Methods Thermoreversible combination gels that can be injected into joints were formed in aqueous solution by making a complex coacervate with recombinant human IL-1Ra (anakinra) and cationic macromolecules, and this was followed by co-formulation with methylcellulose as a negative thermosensitive polysaccharide. Gels containing anakinra were positioned in the upper insert of a transwell system and human OA chondrocytes were placed in the lower compartment and then they were stimulated with IL-1β. The expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was examined by performing real time PCR and ELISA. Results Complex coacervation between anakinra and protamine was successfully completed. IL-1Ra was released from the gels in a sustained release pattern for extended periods with minimal initial bursts. IL-1β markedly enhanced the expression of MMP. The IL-1Ra released from the gels significantly inhibited the IL-1β-induced MMP expression in the chondrocytes. Conclusion We developed and optimized a novel injectable and thermoreversible gel system for the controlled release of IL-1Ra, and this drug delivery system effectively inhibited the IL-1β-induced MMP expression of chondrocytes in a transwell system. Intraarticular local delivery of injectable and thermoreversible gels containing IL-1Ra into knees has the potential to provide prolonged therapy based on the pathophysiology of knee OA.
Study on a Rheological Analysis System of LSI Packaging Molds (1st Report) (1995)

A rheological analysis system of molds was developed with the purpose of improving the yield of molded plastic semiconductor packages and shortening the time required for mold design. The capability for formulation of analytical models, which constitutes the salient feature of this system, will be described in the present paper. This system does not directly model the entire object of analysis, but rather models portions of this object and then integrates these into an overall analytical model. Approximate modelling is effected in such a manner that preprepared standard programs can be used in the respective partial models. The process of synthesizing the analytical model is represented by a hierachical structure of frames, and modelling is accomplished via the three stages of shape partitioning, shape allocation and model decision.