gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in Wolverines From Nunavut, Canada (2008)

The prevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii was determined in blood and tissue exudates recovered from the spleens of 41 wolverines (Gulo gulo) collected in Nunavut, Canada, using a modified agglutination test (MAT). Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 17 (41.5%) of the 41 wolverines with MAT titers of 1:25 in 1, 1:50 in 4, 1:100 in 5, 1:200 in 6, and 1:400 in 1. This is the first report of antibodies to T. gondii in wolverines, and the results indicate that exposure is common.
Patient characteristics and clinical features of Japanese sarcoidosis patients with low bronchoalveolar lavage CD4/CD8 ratios. (2005)

Low BALF CD4/CD8 ratios were due to increased number of BALF CD8+ cells. Younger age and male gender were independently associated with low BALF CD4/CD8 ratios in sarcoidosis patients.
Phosphoproteomic and Kinomic Signature of Clinically Aggressive Grade I (1.5) Meningiomas Reveals RB1 Signaling as a Novel Mediator and Biomarker (2019)

RB1 S780 staining distinguishes grade 1.5 meningiomas, independent of histology, subtype, WHO grade, or genotype. This promising biomarker for risk stratification of histologically bland WHO grade I meningiomas provides insight into the pathways of oncogenesis driving these outlying clinically aggressive tumors.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Thieno[3,2‐d][1,2,3]thiadiazoles. New Mechanistic Aspects of the Hurd—Mori Reaction. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Mixing characteristics of two-stage compulsory stirred pulp-mixing and its influence on fine coal flotation (2013)

A two-stage compulsory stirred tank with a pitched-blade opening-type turbine was designed based on the process intensification of pulp pretreatment before fine coal flotation.The mixing characteristics of the stirred system were evaluated by investigating its flow dimensionless number,power dimensionless number,shear characteristics, cycle characteristics and mixing efficiency.Coal flotation experiment of anthracite coal from Yongcheng Mine in central China was performed by two-stage compulsory pulp-mixing.When the rotational speed goes up,the energy input and the mixing efficiency of the stirred system increase,the pulp cycle performance and shear performance by unit energy consumption decrease,but the decreasing trend of the latter is less than that of the former.At the same rotational speed, high shear characteristics and mixing efficiency as well as low circulation/shear ratio can be obtained with a large diameter impeller by unit energy consumption.A cyclone-static micro-bubble flotation column can achieve a better flotation index and a greater capacity at the mode of two-stage compulsory stirred pulp-mixing.A large diameter impeller and high rotational speed favor to recover hard-to-float coal particles.The recovery of coarse particles is improved by two-stage compulsory stirred pulp-mixing when the processing capacity in appropriate conditions,but in large capacity conditions, the fine-particle ash increases in flotation tailings.
catena-Poly[[(diethylenetriamine-N,N',N'')copper(II)]-μ-succinato-O,O':O''] (1996)

The title compound, catena-Poly[{[N-(2-aminiethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine-N,N',N′′]copper(II)}-μ-succinato-O,O':O′′], [Cu(C4H4O4)(C4H13N3)]n, has a polymeric structure in which the central Cu atom is coordinated by three N atoms from the diethylenetriamine molecule, two O atoms from the succinate ion and one O atom from the succinate ion of the adjacent complex unit. The coordination polyhedron around the Cu atom can be regarded as a severely distorted octahedron.
Charging of Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) Colloids in Cyclohexyl Bromide: Locking, Size Dependence, and Particle Mixtures (2014)

We studied suspensions of sterically stabilized poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) particles in the solvent cyclohexyl bromide (CHB; εr = 7.92). We performed microelectrophoresis measurements on suspensions containing a single particle species and on binary mixtures, using confocal microscopy to measure the velocity profiles of the particles. We measured the charge of so-called locked PMMA particles, for which the steric stabilizer, a comb-graft stabilizer of poly(12-hydroxystearic acid) (PHSA) grafted on a backbone of PMMA, was covalently bonded to the particle, and for unlocked particles, for which the stabilizer was adsorbed to the surface of the particle. We observed that locked particles had a significantly higher charge than unlocked particles. We found that the charge increase upon locking was due to chemical coupling of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol to the PMMA particles, which was used as a catalyst for the locking reaction. For particles of different size we obtained the surface potential and charge from the electrophoretic mobility of the particles. For locked particles we found that the relatively high surface potential (∼ +5.1 kBT/e or +130 mV) was roughly constant for all particle diameters we investigated (1.2 μm < σ < 4.4 μm), and that the particle charge was proportional to the square of the diameter.
Fractals in the Neurosciences, Part II (2013)

It has been ascertained that the human brain is a complex system studied at multiple scales, from neurons and microcircuits to macronetworks. The brain is characterized by a hierarchical organization that gives rise to its highly topological and functional complexity. Over the last decades, fractal geometry has been shown as a universal tool for the analysis and quantification of the geometric complexity of natural objects, including the brain. The fractal dimension has been identified as a quantitative parameter for the evaluation of the roughness of neural structures, the estimation of time series, and the description of patterns, thus able to discriminate different states of the brain in its entire physiopathological spectrum. Fractal-based computational analyses have been applied to the neurosciences, particularly in the field of clinical neurosciences including neuroimaging and neuroradiology, neurology and neurosurgery, psychiatry and psychology, and neuro-oncology and neuropathology. After a review of the basic concepts of fractal analysis and its main applications to the basic neurosciences in part I of this series, here, we review the main applications of fractals to the clinical neurosciences for a holistic approach towards a fractal geometry model of the brain.
Infection as a potential cofactor in the genetic-epigenetic pathophysiology of endometriosis: a systematic review. (2019)

BACKGROUND: The genetic-epigenetic theory postulates that endometriosis is triggered by a cumulative set of genetic-epigenetic (GE) incidents. Pelvic and upper genital tract infection might induce GE incidents and thus play a role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Thus, this article aims to review the association of endometriosis with upper genital tract and pelvic infections. METHODS: Pubmed, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched for ‘endometriosis AND (infection OR PID OR bacteria OR viruses OR microbiome OR microbiota)’, for ‘reproductive microbiome’ and for ‘reproductive microbiome AND endometriosis’, respectively. All 384 articles, the first 120 ‘best match’ articles in PubMed for ‘reproductive microbiome’ and the first 160 hits in Google Scholar for ‘reproductive microbiome AND endomytriosis’ were hand searched for data describing an association between endometriosis and bacterial, viral or other infections. All 31 articles found were included in this manuscript. RESULTS: Women with endometriosis have a significantly increased risk of lower genital tract infection, chronic endometritis, severe PID and surgical site infections after hysterectomy. They have more colony forming units of Gardnerella, Streptococcus, Enterococci and Escherichia coli in the endometrium. In the cervix Atopobium is absent, but Gardnerella, Streptococcus, Escherichia, Shigella, and Ureoplasma are increased. They have higher concentrations of Escherichia Coli and higher concentrations of bacterial endotoxins in menstrual blood. A Shigella/Escherichia dominant stool microbiome is more frequent. The peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis contains higher concentrations of bacterial endotoxins and an increased incidence of mollicutes and of HPV viruses. Endometriosis lesions have a specific bacterial colonisation with more frequently mollicutes (54%) and both high and medium-risk HPV infections (11%). They contain DNA with 96% homology with Shigella. In mice transplanted endometrium changes the gut microbiome while the gut microbiome influences the growth of these endometriosis lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Endometriosis is associated with more upper genital tract and peritoneal infections. These infections might be co-factors causing GE incidents and influencing endometriosis growth.
Antisense Inhibition of the Nr Gene Restores Normal Ripening to the Tomato Never-ripe Mutant, Consistent with the Ethylene Receptor- Inhibition Model (2000)

The hormone ethylene regulates many aspects of plant growth and development, including fruit ripening. In transgenic tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plants, antisense inhibition of ethylene biosynthetic genes results in inhibited or delayed ripening. The dominant tomato mutant, Never-ripe (Nr), is insensitive to ethylene and fruit fail to ripen. The Nr phenotype results from mutation of the ethylene receptor encoded by the NR gene, such that it can no longer bind the hormone. NR has homology to the Arabidopsis ethylene receptors. Studies on ethylene perception in Arabidopsis have demonstrated that receptors operate by a "receptor inhibition" mode of action, in which they actively repress ethylene responses in the absence of the hormone, and are inactive when bound to ethylene. In ripening tomato fruit, expression of NR is highly regulated, increasing in expression at the onset of ripening, coincident with increased ethylene production. This expression suggests a requirement for the NR gene product during the ripening process, and implies that ethylene signaling via the tomato NR receptor might not operate by receptor inhibition. We used antisense inhibition to investigate the role of NR in ripening tomato fruit and determine its mode of action. We demonstrate restoration of normal ripening in Nr fruit by inhibition of the mutant Nr gene, indicating that this receptor is not required for normal ripening, and confirming receptor inhibition as the mode of action of the NR protein.
Design and Development of an Electromagnetic Micropower Generator for Activity Tracking (2018)

This paper goes through the process of designing an electromagnetic Micropower Generator (MPG) to be used for human activity tracking. Finite Element Method (FEM) was employed to simulate the MPG and calculate the power output under different excitations. The MPG was fabricated, tested, and the results compared to the implemented FEM simulations. Good agreement is observed between the two sets of results. The MPG generated 7.7 mW of power under a load of 220 Ω at a natural frequency of 8.9 Hz and acceleration level of 0.24g. The natural frequency is further reduced to 7.2 Hz by removing the top fixed magnet. This achieved higher levels of power output reaching 12 mW at resonance.
Leachability testing of sludge from street gullies (2006)

Sludge from gullies, on two types of streets with different traffic intensity, was investigated using two recommended EU methods for leachability testing of waste: a two-stage batch test and an up-flow percolation test. The main purpose of this investigation was to gain more knowledge about these leaching test methods to be able to make future decisions on the general applicability of the proposed tests. A number of parameters were determined in the sludge as well as in the eluates obtained from the two leaching tests. These include pH, conductivity, dissolved organic carbon and inorganic ions as chloride ions. A number of metals as Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni and Zn, were determined by inductive coupled plasmamass spectrometry and organic compounds were screened by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array UV detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. It was found that the concentrations of metals and organic compounds in the sludge were several orders of magnitudes higher than the actual eluate concentrations. For all metals the concentrations were well below the proposed limit values for non-hazardous waste included in the Council decision document 2003/33/EC. Generally, concentrations obtained in batch test were equal or higher than from percolation tests. The repeatability of the percolation and the batch test were in average 28 and 17%, respectively.
Processing and Structural Properties of Waxy Maize Starch Nanocrystals Reinforced Natural Rubber (2005)

Nanocomposite materials were obtained using a latex of natural rubber as the matrix and an aqueous suspension of waxy maize starch nanocrystals as the reinforcing phase. Starch nanocrystals were obtained after sulfuric acid hydrolysis of waxy maize starch granules. They consisted of crystalline platelets 6−8 nm thick, 40−60 nm long, and 15−30 nm wide. After mixing the latex and the starch nanocrystals, the resulting aqueous suspension was cast and evaporated. The solid nanocomposite films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, water and toluene absorption experiments, differential scanning calorimetry, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction analysis. The barrier properties of the nanocomposites to water vapor and oxygen were also investigated, and the effect of surface chemical modification of starch nanocrystals was studied.
Efficient architectures for streaming applications (2006)

This presentation will focus on algorithms and reconfigurable tiled architectures for streaming DSP applications. The tile concept will not only be applied on chip level but also on board-level and system-level. The tile concept has a number of advantages: (1) depending on the requirements more or less tiles can be switched on/off, (2) the tile structure fits well to future IC process technologies, more tiles will be available in advanced process technologies, but the complexity per tile stays the same, (3) the tile concept is fault tolerant, faulty tiles can be discarded and (4) tiles can be configured in parallel. Because processing and memory is combined in the tiles, tasks can be executed efficiently on tiles (locality of reference). There are a number of application domains that can be considered as streaming DSP applications: for example wireless baseband processing (for HiperLAN/2, WiMax, DAB, DRM, DVB), multimedia processing (e.g. MPEG, MP3 coding/decoding), medical image processing, color image processing, sensor processing (e.g. remote surveillance cameras) and phased array radar systems. In this presentation the key characteristics of streaming DSP applications are highlighted, and the characteristics of the processing architectures to efficiently support these types of applications are addressed.
Detection of endotoxin in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in vitro. (1991)

Numerous investigations have been performed in which volunteers have received infusions of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins without apparent screening of the infusates for bacterial endotoxin. This study was designed to examine the capacity of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins to mask their endotoxin content in vitro as measured by a chromogenic modification of the standard Limulus assay. Lipoproteins and lipoprotein-deficient plasma were isolated from normal human plasma by sequential ultracentrifugation under apyrogenic conditions. Individual lipoproteins and a synthetic lipid emulsion were suspended in 10% lipoprotein-deficient plasma. Samples were then incubated at 37 degrees C for 4 hours with increasing concentrations of E. coli (055:B5) endotoxin and assayed for detectable endotoxin activity. The capacity to inhibit detection of endotoxin in 10% lipoprotein-deficient plasma was significantly increased (10 to 100 times) by the addition of VLDL (1.0 mg triglyceride/ml), chylomicrons (1.0 mg triglyceride/ml), or the synthetic lipid emulsion (2.5 mg triglycerides/ml). These data demonstrate that triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and the synthetic lipid emulsion, can markedly inhibit the detection of endotoxin by the Limulus assay in vitro. In addition to the potential of harm to experimental subjects, infusion of endotoxin could vitiate kinetic studies by direct alteration of lipoprotein metabolism and by inducing changes in hepatic blood flow. Thus experimental protocols that involve the infusion of humans with triglyceride-rich lipoproteins should include detailed testing for the presence of endotoxin.
Accommodative Intraocular Lens with Spring Action Part 1. Design and Placement in an Excised Animal Eye (1990)

We designed an intraocular lens (IOL) with spring action, which we call the Spring IOL, with the idea of providing a slight but adequate accommodative power. The Spring IOL consists of two 6.0-mm optics, held 4.38 mm apart, and four flexible loops. The optics are made of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and the loops of polyvinylidene fluoride. The lens's refractive power is provided by the anterior optic; the posterior optic acts as a footplate to restrict the anteroposterior movement of the anterior optic. By torsionally compressing the obliquely arranged loops, a 10.0-mm 3-dimensional IOL can be reduced to 6.0 mm and inserted in the capsular bag through a 3.5-mm capsular opening. Because the Spring IOL is made of the same materials as conventional IOLs, most of the problems hindering the development of a refilling material (which could also provide accommodation) are avoided. In this first report we discuss the design of the lens, the refractive theory involved, and our experience inserting it in an excised animal eye.
Thickness dependent properties of acetate-derived PLZT films (1997)

Abstract The present trend in ferroelectric memories toward lower operating voltages, and consequently, thinner (less than 0.3 um) films is offset by other applications requiring thicker films in the range of 5 to 25 um. This wide range of film thicknesses imposes significantly different restraints on the films and their properties. The present investigation involved a study of selected properties of acetate-derived, multiply dip-coated PLZT films ranging in thickness from 0.3 um to 11.5 um. Films were deposited on Ag and Pt/Si substrates via a dip coating process and subsequently sintered at a temperature of 700°C for 3 minutes. Various properties (film smoothness, dielectric constant, hysteresis loop characteristics, etc.) of the films were determined as a function of film thickness. Coercive field was examined in more detail over the thickness range from 0.3 um to bulk material.
Evaluation of a Commercially Available Recombinant-Protein Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detection of Antibodies Produced in Scrub Typhus Rickettsial Infections (2000)

The 56-kDa major outer membrane protein antigen of Orientia tsutsugamuchi is the immunodominant antigen in human scrub typhus (ST) infections. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a recombinant 56-kDa protein (r56) to detect specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) produced in ST infections was developed, and its performance was evaluated using sera from patients with active ST (n = 59), spotted fever (SF) (n = 31), and murine typhus (MT) (n = 6) and from those without rickettsial infection (n = 52). The r56 ELISA was compared to an ELISA using native whole cell lysate of O. tsutsugamushi Karp or O. tsutsugamushi Gilliam as antigens. The performance of the assays using r56 was similar to that of those using native antigens. Using indirect immunoperoxidase (IIP) as the reference test, sensitivities were 86, 88, and 88% while specificities were 84, 90, and 87% in the three assays. Furthermore, cross-reactivity in confirmed cases of SF and MT was low (5.4, 2.7, and 2.7% respectively). The additional use of IgG in the r56 ELISA gave improved performance (sensitivity, 80%; specificity, 96%; cross-reactivity in SF and MT, 2.7%). The detection of high levels of IgG in some IgM-negative patients illustrates the importance of including a test for IgG in the detection of secondary or reactivated infections, since many of these patients were from regions in Thailand where these infections are endemic.
시각 자극에 의하여 유발된 긍/부정 정서의 뇌파 및 자율신경계 반응의 차이 (1998)

Autonomic and EEG responses of 38 college students were studied during 60-sec long presentation of International Affective Picture System (IAPS)slides evoking, according to subjective reports, negative (disgust, sadness, surprise) and positive (happiness, exciting) emotional states. Observed were significant heart rate (HR) deceleration, large skin conductance responses (SCR), moderate respiration frequency slowing, reduction of frontal (F3, F4 ) and occipital (O1, O2 ) fast alpha, and increases of theta, delta and beta relative spectral power values during the first 30 sec of exposure of IAPS pictures. Analysis carried out to differentiate emotion categories according to autonomic responses indicated that observed HR deceleration was larger in magnitude in surprise and sadness than in disgust, SCR amplitude higher in sadness than in disgust. EEC showed significant differences in theta (F3, F4 ) and delta (O1) power increase in disgust vs. happiness, fast alpha (F3, F4 ) power was lower in surprise than in happiness, and slow beta power higher. in happiness than in disgust (01). Despite some differences. observed within discrete emotion conditions, overall responses pattern of monitored parameters exhibited similar profiles with few variations, most. obvious. in disgust state, which suggests that affective visual stimulation elicits stereotypical responses in a given passive viewing paradigm. However, the magnitude of physiological responses may vary to certain extent across discrete emotional states making it possible to differentiate among particular experimentally-induced emotional states, e.g., disgust vs. sadness by ANS responses or disgust vs. happiness by EEG measures. (Supported by K RF grant.# 19997 - OOI-C00488 )
Investigation of the effect of chamazulene on lipid peroxidation and free radical processes. (1996)

Oxygen toxicity and related free radical reactions are implicated in numerous pathophysiological conditions, like atherosclerosis, inflammation, gastric ulceration, neuronal degeneration, tumour promotion. The flowers of Matricaria chamomilla, Asteraceae, have been used therapeutically for conditions in which oxidative stress is supposed to be implicated. We considered interesting to investigate the effect of Chamazulene, the active substance of chamomile, on free radical processes. Membrane lipid peroxidation was induced by Fe2+/ascorbate and assessed as the 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive material. The hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was studied as the competition of Chamazulene with DMSO for HO. generated by Fe3+/ascorbate. Finally, the interaction of Chamazulene with the N-centered stable free radical DPPH was estimated photometrically (517 nm). It was found that Chamazulene inhibited lipid peroxidation in a concentration and time dependent manner presenting an IC50 of 18 microM after 45 min incubation. It could also inhibit the autoxidation of DMSO (33 mM) by 76% at 25 mM, and had a weak capacity to interact with DPPH. In conclusion, Chamazulene presents interesting properties concerning radical processes.