gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A boronic acid–diol interaction is useful for chiroselective transcription of the sugar structure to the Δ- versus Λ-[CoIII(bpy)3]3+ ratio (1998)

In order to apply boronic acid–saccharide interactions to the chiroselective synthesis of Δ- and Λ-[CoIII(bpy)3]3+ saccharide-binding ligands, 2,2′-bipyridine-4-boronic acid (bpymb) and 2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-diboronic acid (bpydb) were newly synthesized. It was shown that most D-saccharides form cyclic 1∶1 complexes with bpydb to afford the CD-active species. The positive exciton coupling band implies that two pyridine rings are twisted in a clockwise direction ((R)-chirality). In contrast, such a CD-active species was not yielded from bpymb. The treatment of the bpydb–D-saccharide complexes with Co(OAc)2 gave the substitution-active [CoII(bpyba)3]4––saccharide complexes, which were oxidized to the substitution-inactive [CoIII(bpyba)3]3––saccharide complexes. In this stage, the Δ vs. Λ ratio was fixed. The complexes were converted to [CoIII(bpy)]3+ by treatment with AgNO3 and the e.e. was determined by comparison with authentic Δ- or Λ-[CoIII(bpy)]3+. The Δ-isomer was obtained in excess from most D-saccharides but the Λ-isomer was also obtained from D-fructose and D-fucose. At 4 °C, the largest e.e. for bpydb was attained with D-glucose (47% e.e.; Δ excess). Under the same reaction conditions the bpymb + D-glucose system gave 16% e.e. (Δ excess). The e.e. of the bpydb + D-glucose system increased with lowering the reaction temperature and at –25 °C it reached 79% e.e. The foregoing results clearly establish that the saccharide-templated synthesis is useful as a new concept for the preparation of chiral tris(2,2′-bipyridine)–metal complexes. Furthermore, the Δ vs. Λ equilibrium can be shifted in either direction by the selection of saccharide enantiomers.
The Parkinson's disease protein DJ-1 is neuroprotective due to cysteine-sulfinic acid-driven mitochondrial localization (2004)

Loss-of-function DJ-1 mutations can cause early-onset Parkinson's disease. The function of DJ-1 is unknown, but an acidic isoform accumulates after oxidative stress, leading to the suggestion that DJ-1 is protective under these conditions. We addressed whether this represents a posttranslational modification at cysteine residues by systematically mutating cysteine residues in human DJ-1. WT or C53A DJ-1 was readily oxidized in cultured cells, generating a pI 5.8 isoform, but an artificial C106A mutant was not. We observed a cysteine-sulfinic acid at C106 in crystalline DJ-1 but no modification of C53 or C46. Oxidation of DJ-1 was promoted by the crystallization procedure. In addition, oxidation-induced mitochondrial relocalization of DJ-1 and protection against cell death were abrogated in C106A but not C53A or C46A. We suggest that DJ-1 protects against neuronal death, and that this is signaled by acidification of the key cysteine residue, C106.
SIGIRR limits colitic and epithelial homeostatic responses, but promotes microbiota dependent colonization resistance to enteric bacterial pathogens (P3067) (2013)

Abstract Enteric bacterial pathogens such as Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) and Salmonella typhimurium target the intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) lining the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Despite expressing Toll like receptors (TLRs), IEC are generally hypo-responsive to invading bacteria and their products. One reason is Single Ig IL-1 Related Receptor (SIGIRR), a negative regulator of interleukin (IL)-1R/ TLR signaling expressed by IEC. To address whether SIGIRR expression impacts on enteric host defense, Sigirr deficient (-/-) mice were infected with the EHEC related pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. Sigirr -/- mice responded with accelerated IEC proliferation and strong pro-inflammatory and antimicrobial responses that were primarily IL-1R signaling dependent. Surprisingly the Sigirr -/- mice were highly susceptible to infection, carrying 100-1000x heavier pathogen burden at Day (D) 6 and D10 post infection (pi). Sigirr -/- mice were also found to be unusually susceptible to intestinal S. typhimurium colonization, developing enterocolitis without the requirement for antibiotic based removal of commensal microbes. Strikingly, the exaggerated antimicrobial responses in the Sigirr -/- mice led to the rapid loss of competing commensal microbes (~80%) from the infected intestine, reducing colonization resistance as early as D1 pi. Thus, despite limiting IEC responses to infection, SIGIRR aids host defense by promoting commensal based resistance to pathogen colonization of the GI tract.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleotides. Part 66. β‐Heteroarylethyl Groups — New Phosphate‐Protecting Groups for Phosphotriester Chemistry. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An Examination of the Mori-Tanaka Effective Medium Approximation for Multiphase Composites (1989)

The Mori-Tanaka method is considered in the context of both scalar thermal conductivity and anisotropic elasticity of multiphase composites, and some general properties are deduced. Particular attention is given to its relation to known general bounds, and to the differential scheme. It is shown that the moduli predicted by the method always satisfy the Hashin-Shtrikman and Hill-Hashin bounds for two-phase composites. This property does not generalize to multiphase composites. A specific example illustrates that the method can predict moduli in violation of the Hashin-Shtrikman bounds for a three-phase medium. However, if the particle shapes are all spheres, then the prediction for the multiphase composite is coincident with the Hashin-Shtrikman bounds if the matrix material is either the stiffest or the most compliant phase. It is also shown that the generalized differential effective medium method yields the same moduli as the Mori-Tanaka approximation if certain conditions are satisfied in the differential scheme. Thus, it is required that at each stage in the differential process, and for each phase j (j = 1, 2, …, n) of new material, the average field in the incrementally added phase j material must be the same as the average field in the bulk phase j. For two phase media, n = 1, this condition reduces to the less stringent requirement that the ratio of the field in the incrementally added material to the average field in the matrix material is the same as the dilute concentration ratio. The cumulative findings of this paper, particularly those concerning bounds, suggest that the Mori-Tanaka approximation be used with caution in multiphase applications, but is on firmer ground for two-phase composites.
Conduction System Pacing Upgrade in Chronic Heart Failure with Severe Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Chronic Atrial Fibrillation (2023)

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a standard treatment for patients with severe congestive heart failure. However, one-third of patients receiving CRT are non-responders. Conduction system pacing (CSP), including His-bundle pacing (HBP) and left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP), has become an alternative to CRT therapy. Furthermore, CRT therapy with CSP has shown to be more effective than CRT alone. When an implantable cardiac defibrillator or CRT-defibrillator is implanted with CSP, the problem of which port the HBP lead and LBBAP lead should be connected to arises. We report 2 cases of upgrading to CRT with CSP by utilizing the atrial ports for HBP and LBBAP leads. The procedure is a simple, reasonable, and effective therapy for end-stage heart failure.
Preparation of Nucleoside Phosphorothioates, Phosphorodithioates and Related Compounds (1991)

Abstract This review describes synthetic pathways to mono-, di- and oligonucleotides modified in the phosphate group(s) by substitution of one or several oxygen atoms with sulfur. The known sulfur-modified phosphate groups are nucleoside 3′- and 5′-O-phosphorothioates, nucleoside thiodi- and triphosphates, nucleoside cyclic phosphorothioates, di- and oligonucleoside O,O-phosphorothioates, nucleoside 3′-S-phosphorothioates, nucleoside and oligonucleoside 5′-S-phosphorothioates, nucleoside O-phosphorodithioates, di- and oligonucleoside O,O-phosphorodithioates, di- and oligonucleoside O,S-phosphorodithioates, thiophosphortriesters, thiophosphoramidates, and methylphosphonothioates.
Design Optimization and Characterization of Silicon Microcooler System Through Finite-Element Modeling and Experimental Analyses (2016)

As chip power densities are now increasing beyond air cooling limits, a variety of liquid cooling methods are being investigated. The silicon microchannel cooling is an attractive approach due to its high heat transfer coefficient. In this paper, a thermal test chip with heating spots was mounted onto a synthetic diamond heat spreader, and then mounted onto the SMC cooler through the thermocompression bonding process. Finally, this structure was mounted onto the printed circuit board and connected with the manifold. The reliability of the cooler system was investigated through finite-element analysis (FEA) and characterization. Five types of FEA models were conducted considering process flow and application conditions, including shear test model, model of bonding the thermal chip to the heat spreader, model of the whole cooler system assembly, thermomechanical coupling analysis model considering hotspot heating, and temperature cycling reliability test model. Die attach materials were evaluated based on the shear test and modeling results. The cooler system was optimized based on the FEA results to reduce stress and warpage. The thermomechanical coupling simulation was conducted for the cooler system by considering nonuniform temperature distribution due to hotspots and cooling effect. The experimental results showed that the designed cooler system has good performance and reliability thermally and mechanically.
Refactoring Future Residential Networks into Slices (2018)

The following topics are dealt with: virtualisation; software defined networking; telecommunication traffic; 5G mobile communication; computer network security; cloud computing; computer network management; quality of service; mobile computing; telecommunication network routing.
The ExTINGUISH Trial: A Phase-2B Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of Inebilizumab in Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis (2022)

<h3>Objective</h3> To assess the safety and efficacy of inebilizumab in patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. <h3>Background</h3> The lack of approved therapies for NMDAR encephalitis has led to substantial variability in treatment. High-quality data is needed to guide treatment and optimize long-term outcomes in recovering patients. Inebilizumab is a humanized anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody that can be administered intravenously with good CSF penetration and high target engagement. Inebilizumab may be an efficacious treatment for NMDAR encephalitis, with the potential to achieve early robust and sustained suppression of NMDAR autoantibodies and CD19+ plasmablasts and plasma cells leading to better long-term outcomes. <h3>Design/Methods</h3> The ExTINGUISH trial is a Phase 2B randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of inebilizumab 300 mg for the acute treatment of moderate-to-severe NMDAR encephalitis. 120 participants will be enrolled at 20 US and two European sites (Barcelona, Spain; Rotterdam, The Netherlands). All patients will receive standard “first-line” immunotherapies prior to randomization. Cyclophosphamide IV rescue therapy will be provided after 6 weeks to patients who fail to respond to initial treatment. Motor, cognitive, and functional outcomes will be assessed over 96 weeks. Study operations will be supported via the NINDS-supported NeuroNEXT infrastructure. <h3>Results</h3> Primary outcomes will be ascertained at 16 weeks using the change in modified Rankin scale (adjusted for rescue therapy) and accepted safety measures. Comprehensive neuropsychological tests, bedside cognitive screening tools, and quality of life/ functional indices will be measured across study participation (secondary outcomes). Clinical data will be combined with biofluid biomarkers of immune activation to inform the biologic contributors to outcomes and identify surrogate endpoints that may be used in future clinical trials (tertiary outcomes). <h3>Conclusions</h3> ExTINGUISH Trial findings will immediately influence patient care, while informing the design and implementation of future clinical trials in autoimmune encephalitis.
Maternal Smoking and DNA Methylation in Newborns: In Utero Effect or Epigenetic Inheritance? (2014)

Smoking cessation in early pregnancy may negate effects on methylation. Analyses of maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring health outcomes, including cancer, limited to ever smoking might miss true associations. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(6); 1007-17. ©2014 AACR.
A multiscale model of virus pandemic: Heterogeneous interactive entities in a globally connected world (2020)

This paper is devoted to the multidisciplinary modelling of a pandemic initiated by an aggressive virus, specifically the so-called <i>SARS-CoV-</i>2 <i>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, corona virus n.</i>2. The study is developed within a multiscale framework accounting for the interaction of different spatial scales, from the small scale of the virus itself and cells, to the large scale of individuals and further up to the collective behaviour of populations. An interdisciplinary vision is developed thanks to the contributions of epidemiologists, immunologists and economists as well as those of mathematical modellers. The first part of the contents is devoted to understanding the complex features of the system and to the design of a modelling rationale. The modelling approach is treated in the second part of the paper by showing both how the virus propagates into infected individuals, successfully and not successfully recovered, and also the spatial patterns, which are subsequently studied by kinetic and lattice models. The third part reports the contribution of research in the fields of virology, epidemiology, immune competition, and economy focussed also on social behaviours. Finally, a critical analysis is proposed looking ahead to research perspectives.
Polynucleotide analogs. Synthesis, characterization, and optical properties (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolynucleotide analogs. Synthesis, characterization, and optical propertiesMan Jung Han and Sung Min ParkCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 25, 5295–5296Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00227a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00227a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views36Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Uncertainty quantification for turbulent mixing simulations (2011)

We have achieved validation in the form of simulation-experiment agreement for Rayleigh-Taylor turbulent mixing rates (known as {alpha}) over the past decade. The problem was first posed sixty years ago. Recent improvements in our simulation technology allow sufficient precision to distinguish between mixing rates for different experiments. We explain the sensitivity and non-universality of the mixing rate. These playa role in the difficulties experienced by many others in efforts to compare experiment with simulation. We analyze the role of initial conditions, which were not recorded for the classical experiments of Youngs et al. Reconstructed initial conditions with error bars are given. The time evolution of the long and short wave length portions of the instability are analyzed. We show that long wave length perturbations are strong at t = 0, but are quickly overcome by the rapidly growing short wave length perturbations. These conclusions, based solely on experimental data analysis, are in agreement with results from theoretical bubble merger models and numerical simulation studies but disagree with models based on superposition of modes.
Research (2002)

This paper describes a systematic review undertaken to discover the evidence base for different strategies in facilitating the discharge of older people with a physical illness between hospital and home. They reviewed qualitative and quantitative literature and identified 373 studies and examined 53 in detail. Of the papers reviewed, most were descriptive and gave accounts of the organisational and structural difficulties of care. They concluded that one of the most effective strategies for the exchange of information and transfer of older people from hospital to home was the appointment of a key worker. Often this was a nurse or a health visitor. Problems in communication were reported as arising because of pressures in both settings and their different priorities. The authors concluded that informal mechanisms of communication are inadequate and that neither setting is aware of the others’ needs. They suggest that more work needs to be done to establish common goals and structure the exchange of information. Appointment of a key worker may mean they act as a broker between the two settings and improve the exchange of information and the patient experience.
Actions of N-Arachidonyl-Glycine in a Rat Inflammatory Pain Model (2007)

These findings suggest that NA-glycine may provide a novel non-cannabinoid receptor mediated approach to alleviate inflammatory pain.
Three-dimensional ultrasonic trapping of micro-particles in water with a simple and compact two-element transducer (2017)

We report a simple and compact piezoelectric transducer capable of stably trapping single and multiple micro-particles in water. A 3D-printed Fresnel lens is bonded to a two-element kerfless piezoceramic disk and actuated in a split-piston mode to produce an acoustic radiation force trap that is stable in three-dimensions. Polystyrene micro-particles in the Rayleigh regime (radius λ/14 to λ/7) are trapped at the focus of the lens (F# = 0.4) and manipulated in two-dimensions on an acoustically transparent membrane with a peak trap stiffness of 0.43 mN/m. Clusters of Rayleigh particles are also trapped and manipulated in three-dimensions, suspended in water against gravity. This transducer represents a significant simplification over previous acoustic devices used for micro-particle manipulation in liquids as it operates at relatively low frequency (688 kHz) and only requires a single electrical drive signal. This simplified device has potential for widespread use in applications such as micro-scale manufacturing and handling of cells or drug capsules in biomedical assays.
Virtual videography (2006)

Well-produced videos provide a convenient and effective way to archive lectures. In this demonstration, we present a new way to create lecture videos that possess many of the advantages of well-composed recordings without the cost and intrusion of a video production crew. The videos are produced by an automated system called Virtual Videography that employs the art of videography to mimic videographer-produced videos, while being unobtrusive when recording the lectures. The system uses the data recorded by unattended video cameras and microphones to produce a new edited video as an offline post-process. By producing videos offline, our system can use future information when planning shot sequences and synthesizing new shots. Using syntactic cues gathered from the original video and a novel shot planning algorithm, the system makes cinematic decisions without any semantic understanding of the lecture.
Viable grass seeds in herbivore dung from a semi‐arid grassland (1983)

Abstract Faeces of cattle, pronghorn and rabbit were collected from the Central Plains Experimental Range, Colorado, 6, 18 and 30 months after being excreted. The faecal material was placed in moistened potting soil and seedling emergence observed. Bouteloua gracilis (blue grama grass) and Sporobolus cryptandrus (sand drop seed), emerged in abundance from cattle dung. Emergence of B. gracilis decreased with increasing period of exposure before collection, but emergence of S. cryptandrus increased with exposure. Forbs dominated the seedling populations in pronghorn dung, and few seedling populations of any species emerged from rabbit dung. The results are discussed in relation to the effect of large herbivores on the establishment of species from seed in rangeland.
Rotation Moment Invariants for Recognition of Symmetric Objects (2006)

In this paper, a new set of moment invariants with respect to rotation, translation, and scaling suitable for recognition of objects having N-fold rotation symmetry are presented. Moment invariants described earlier cannot be used for this purpose because most moments of symmetric objects vanish. The invariants proposed here are based on complex moments. Their independence and completeness are proven theoretically and their performance is demonstrated by experiments.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND REACTIVITY OF NITRONES BEARING A BUTADIENEIRON TRICARBONYL GROUP IN THE α POSITION (1981)

Abstract Die Nitrone (III) werden durch Kondensation der Aldehyde (I) mit den Hydroxylaminen (II) dargestellt.
Environmental Effects on Mechanical Properties of Wet Lay-Up Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (2010)

First Name is required invalid characters Last Name is required invalid characters Email Address is required Invalid Email Address Invalid Email Address
Ultra high frequency integrated circuits using transferred substrate heterojunction bipolar transistors (2003)

Using substrate transfer processes, we have fabricated heterojunction bipolar transistors with submicron emitter-base and collector-base junctions, minimizing RC parasitics and increasing f/sub max/ to 820 GHz, the highest reported for any transistor. The process also provides a microstrip wiring environment on low-/spl epsiv//sub r/ dielectric substrate. Demonstrated small-scale ICs in the process include lumped and distributed amplifiers with bandwidths to 85 GHz, 48 GHz static frequency dividers, and 50 GHz AGC/limiting amplifiers.
Cellular and humoral immunogenicity of a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in patients on haemodialysis (2021)

Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres, EU Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, State Ministry of Baden-Württemberg for Economic Affairs, Labour and Tourism.