gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical implications of drug resistance (1998)

Drug resistance is the single most important stumbling block in the fight against metastatic cancer. In fact, 90% of the advanced cancers that can be eradicated by chemotherapy are rare tumor types, which altogether account for only 10% of all malignant tumor types. Tumor types that are responsive for chemotherapy can be categorized into three groups, according to whether chemotherapy produces cure, survival gain, or no survival gain (see also Table 6.1):
A simple standardized Ada command line interface (1990)

This paper describes an implementation approach for developing a common command-line interface for Ada tools. This paper is not directed towards tool vendors but rather to contractors that may have small internal tools development groups to supplement their purchase of tools from vendors.The paper first describes the reasoning behind the approach taken to develop a common command-line user interface. It then describes in some detail the design of the user interface package developed. An Ada package specification for the described subsystem is then presented, followed by some conclusions.
Intraperitoneal injection of dextran sulfate as an anti-adherent drug for the prevention of peritoneal metastasis of cancer shows low toxicity in animals (2000)

Intraperitoneal dextran sulfate with a mean molecular weight of 5 x 10(5) has been developed for use in an anti-adherent therapy against peritoneal carcinomatosis. The present study examined acute toxicity of i.p. injection of dextran sulfate in mice and rabbits. The 10, 50 and 90% lethal dose values are 0.213 (0.146-0.252), 0.336 (0.291-0.405) and 0.530 mg/g (0.431-0.873 mg/g: 95% confidence interval) in mice, respectively. These are markedly larger than the efficacious dose of 0.005-0.01 mg/g obtained previously. Death or symptoms of intoxication were seen within 3 days after administration of toxic doses. Rabbits received i.p. injection of dextran sulfate at 0.02 mg/g, which was close to the efficacious dose. At 2, 4, 6, 8 and 13 days after administration, blood was taken for biochemical and hematological analyses. Dextran sulfate at 0.02 mg/g induced no remarkable abnormal findings. These results suggest that the i.p. dextran sulfate is safe as an anti-adherent agent against peritoneal metastasis of cancer.
Engine Management System for Fuel Injection System Specifically Designed For Small Engines (2008)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;As a result of environmental pressures and end-user demands many manufacturers are working on fuel injection systems for the small engines market [&lt;span class="xref"&gt;reference 1&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class="xref"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class="xref"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class="xref"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class="xref"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. A common approach is to take an automotive or motorcycle system and work to reduce its cost and complexity. This paper will present an engine management system designed from the outset specifically for low cost small engines.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The key topics covered in this paper are sensor selection &amp;amp; minimisation, practical application of electronic throttle &amp;amp; ignition, power consumption minimisation and discussion of the software control strategy.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In conclusion, this paper shows that most components required for a small engine management system can be integrated into a throttle body requiring only 3 external components. It is also possible, with the addition of electronic throttle and ignition, to deliver significant user enhancements.&lt;/div&gt;
CDC7 kinase phosphorylates serine residues adjacent to acidic amino acids in the minichromosome maintenance 2 protein (2006)

Cdc7 is an essential kinase required for the initiation of eukaryotic DNA replication. Previous studies in many species showed that the minichromosome maintenance complex is a major physiological target of this kinase. In this study, we have mapped the sites in human Mcm2 protein that are phosphorylated by Cdc7. The in vitro phosphorylation of several Mcm2 truncated proteins and peptides revealed that Mcm2 contains two major ((5)S and (53)S) and at least three minor phosphorylation sites ((4)S, (7)S, and (59)T) located at the N-terminal region. Alanine substitution experiments with Mcm2 peptides showed that the phosphorylation of (5)S and (53)S by Cdc7 required the presence of an acidic amino acid adjacent to a serine residue. Furthermore, although Cdc7 was unable to phosphorylate a Mcm2 peptide (spanning amino acids 19-30 and containing (26)S and (27)S), it phosphorylated (26)S efficiently when this peptide contained a chemically synthesized phospho-(27)S modification. Hence, additional Cdc7 phosphorylation sites could be generated in Mcm2 by its prior phosphorylation by a cyclin-dependent kinase. This finding may explain why the sequential action of cyclin-dependent and Cdc7 kinases is essential for the initiation of DNA replication.
80~200 GHz erbium doped fibre laser using a rationalharmonic mode-locking technique (1996)

Pulse trains with repetition rates as high as 80~200 GHz were obtained at 1.55 µm, using rational harmonic mode-locking with an erbium doped fibre laser. A fundamental repetition frequency (fosc) of 40 GHz was first generated by applying a 40 GHz modulation frequency to an LN intensity modulator in the fibre cavity, in which the longitudinal mode spacing (Δf) was 1.5 MHz. By rationally detuning the modulation frequency by Δf/n, the authors succeeded in obtaining a repetitive oscillation of (nfosc+Δf). The maximum frequency was 200 GHz, at which n corresponds to 5.
Research on 3D geological property modeling and its visualization (2010)

Starting from the Operations Research, the methods of linear programming approach with weight to fitting variogram is proposed, which effectively guarantee the non-negative of the results of solving. The sample points are established grid index of three-dimensional space, which greatly simplify the process of neighborhood searching sample points to insertion point, and improves the speed of model attributes based the general Kriging. In OpenGL graphics library, it achieves the three-dimensional of property model, which will effectively realizes quantitative of the geological information.
Gastric A-Cell Function in Insulin-Deprived Depancreatized Dogs1 (1976)

To determine if gastric A-cells are a major source of the glucagonemia of insulin-deprived depancreatized dogs and to examine their secretory behavior, immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) was measured simultaneously in plasma from the inferior vena cava (VC) and from a gastric vein (GV) draining the fundus. Basal GV IRG averaged 205 +/- 35 pg/ml, significantly above the VC level of 71 +/- 30 (P less than 0.001) and rose to 1417 +/- 498 1.5 minutes after the start of an arginine infusion, exceeding VC IRG at all points (P less than 0.01). Measurement of IRG in gastric, jejunal, and ileal veins and vena cava revealed an IRG gradient only across the stomach. Measurement of glucagon-like immunoreactivity (GLI) revealed no gradient across the stomach, jejunum, or ileum, thus excluding cross-reaction with GLI as the cause of the GV hyperglucagonemia. Intragastric arginine elicited a near doubling of GV IRG within 1.5 minutes and this persisted for at least 120 minutes, ranging from 142 to 623 pg/ml above the VC level. Infusion of insulin at a physiologic rate lowered GV IRG from 665 +/- 66 to 151 +/- 49 pg/ml in 20 minutes and abolished the GV-VC gradient within 60 minutes, whereas intravenous and intragastric glucose administration without insulin did not alter GV IRG. It is concluded that: 1) in the insulin-deprived depancreatized dog, the stomach is a major source of IRG; 2) gastric IRG secretion is somehow stimulated by intravenous and intragastric arginine administration; 3) it is not influenced by intravenous or intragastric glucose administration; and 4) its release is suppressed by physiologic levels of insulin.
Design of a 12-MW HTS Wind Power Generator Including a Flux Pump Exciter (2016)

A flux pump (FP) exciter injects dc current into the high-temperature superconducting (HTS) field coils of an HTS rotating machine without a slip ring and current leads. When designing a large-scale HTS generator with integrated FP exciter, the coil inductance, field current, and time constant need to be optimized for better performance of the machine. In this paper, a 12-MW HTS wind power generator with integrated FP exciter was designed. The essential parameters of a 12-MW HTS generator were optimized using the Taguchi method, targeting the minimization of weight and volume of the generator, the length of HTS wire, and the inductance. In particular, the FP exciter was adopted for supplying dc current to the HTS field coils without the power supply and the slip ring. The magnetic field distribution was analyzed using the 3-D finite-element method. The induced dc current and charging and discharging times of the FP exciter were compared with the metal current leads, for confirmation of the effectiveness of the FP exciter. The detailed results of the HTS generator design were discussed in detail.
Ceruloplasmin levels in human sera from various diseases and their correlation with patient’s age and gender (2009)

Ceruloplasmin (Cp), a copper metalloprotein in human serum has been a valuable diagnostic marker in Wilson’s disease where Cp levels tend to be low while high levels in serum were asso-ciated with myocardial infarction, neoplastic and inflammatory conditions. There is no stan-dardized reference method for Cp and current immunologic and bichromatic assays have a number of drawbacks. The method described here uses immunoaffinity chromatography to remove six of the most abundant proteins from a serum sample and high-pressure liquid chro- matography (HPLC) with a size-exclusion col-umn to separate Cp from other serum proteins and any free Cu prior to analysis of 63Cu and 65Cu by inductively-coupled plasma mass spec-trometry (ICPMS). Identification of Cp is based on retention time match of the unknown protein in the serum sample with the Cp external stan-dard and the presence of 63Cu and 65Cu at a ratio of 2.2 ± 0.1. The method accuracy, as estab-lished independently by two of the authors with a reference serum certified for Cp, is 98 to 101% and the coefficient of variation is 6.4% and 5.4%, respectively. The assay was used to analyze a total of 167 human sera for Cp from patients with myocardial infarction (MI), pulmonary em-bolism (PE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), other forms of ar-thritis, and a set of healthy patients as normal controls (NC). Our data show that Cp concen-trations tend to be higher in MI, RA, and SLE patients, higher in female as compared to male patients, and we did not observe a correlation between Cp concentration and patient’s age for the set of 70 patients for which we had gender and age information.
Robust Broadband Adaptive Beamforming via Polynomial Eigenvalues (2006)

A novel technique for robust broadband adaptive beamforming (ABF) is proposed. The technique, referred to as domain-weighted polynomial matrix eigenvalue decomposition (DW-PEVD), is founded on a basic paradigm shift from one of broadband noise cancellation to one of signal separation. It uses the second-order sequential best rotation (SBR2) algorithm to perform second order convolutive blind signal separation after applying a simple transformation to the data. The transformation is designed to exploit prior knowledge in the form of an estimated steering vector. The method is quite distinct from existing algorithms for robust broadband ABF and can offer improved performance in many cases. The results of some computer simulations that demonstrate this point are presented
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 14β‐MERCAPTOCODEINONE DERIVATIVES FROM N‐TERT‐BUTOXYCARBONYL‐N‐NORTHEBAINE (1985)

Abstract Die aus Thebain zugängliche Titelverbindung (I) reagiert mit den Sulfenylchloriden (II) unter Bildung der l4ß‐substituierten Thioether (II I), von denen (IIIa) und (IIIb) weiter zu den N‐substituierten Vertretem (VI) derivatisiert werden.
Direct recovery of motion and range from images of scenes with time-varying illumination (2002)

We present a direct closed-form solution for estimating 3D depth and translational motion of a camera from image sequences where the scene illumination can vary from one frame to the next. The method is based on a dynamic image model that we proposed previously for the computation of optical flow. We use only selected moments of the image and its spatio-temporal derivatives in small image regions to calculate the solution. The direct solution for selected experiments with real images are given, and compared with that from the computed optical flow, to show that the former typically gives better estimates than the flow-based approach even though both techniques are based on the same dynamic image model. In particular, the direct solution is more robust with respect to motion sizes of more than one pixel per frame.
Symbol error rate performance of M-ary NCFSK with S + N selection combining in Rician fading (2005)

In this paper, we consider the performance of M-ary orthogonal noncoherent frequency shift keying (NCFSK) with two signal-plus-noise (S + N) selection combining (SC) models in slow, flat Rician fading channels. We assume the fading branches are independent but not necessarily identically distributed. The probability of error for each model is derived as a single integral with finite integration limits. Extensive Monte Carlo simulation results are presented to assess the validity of our analytical expressions. Our results indicate that, unlike previously published results, the performance of S + N SC is not always superior to that of classical SC in fading and is dependent on the value of the signal-to-noise ratio, the modulation order, the multipath intensity profile and the fading parameter. The performances of S + N SC schemes are also compared to the performances of equal gain combining and square-law combining receivers.
Identification of PDE isozymes in human pulmonary artery and effect of selective PDE inhibitors (1994)

The effects of the nonselective phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) and the selective PDE inhibitors motapizone (type III), rolipram (type IV), zardaverine (type III/IV), and zaprinast (type V and I) on prostaglandin F2 alpha (PFG2 alpha)-induced tone in human pulmonary arteries was investigated. Relaxation was achieved by IBMX [concentration eliciting 50% of maximum response (EC50): 11.3 microM, n = 10], motapizone (EC50:3.0 microM, n = 7), zardaverine (EC50: 3.2 microM, n = 9), and zaprinast (EC50: 31.8 microM, n = 6), whereas rolipram was almost ineffective. The combination of motapizone and zaprinast (10 microM) was the most effective relaxant with supra-additive relaxation and a motapizone EC50 of 575 nM. Biochemical studies revealed the presence of the PDE isozymes I, III, IV and V in the cytosolic and particulate phases of arterial homogenates; PDE II was not detectable. Partial inhibition of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)-hydrolyzing PDE activity was achieved with rolipram (26 +/- 2.2%) or motapizone (60 +/- 5.4%), whereas there was almost complete inhibition of total PDE activity with zardaverine (81 +/- 2.0%) or the combination of motapizone and rolipram (82 +/- 2.3%). Inhibition of guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP)-hydrolyzing PDE activity was achieved with zaprinast (62 +/- 2.6%) and motapizone (13 +/- 2.3%), indicating the cGMP-hydrolyzing activity of PDE III. We conclude that four out of the five recognized PDE isozyme families are present in human pulmonary artery. PGF2 alpha-induced tone in this tissue is effectively relaxed through PDE inhibitors with selectivity for type III, III/IV, and type V PDE.
Recent Work: Cultural Excavations (1993)

For many people, the relationship of the "product" of architecture to the contents within which it is produced, commissioned, or used ultimately remains unquestioned. Our work in design research concerns itself with a critical inquiry into new surfaces, sites, programs, and materials that may operate as a scaffolding for contemporary logics of production which define our culture's attitudes towards the artifacts which it produces.
ChemInform Abstract: INTRAMOLECULAR FREE‐RADICAL SUBSTITUTION AT THE SULPHUR ATOM IN SULPHIDES (1974)

Abstract Aprotische Diazotierung der Diphenylsulfide (I) mit (II) in Äthylacetat liefert die Produkte (III)‐(V).
Surgical Approaches to the Suprasellar Infrachiasmatic Region: Comparison among Pterional, Subfrontal, and Endoscopic Endonasal Approaches (2013)

Introduction: The suprasellar infrachiasmatic region (SSICR) can be reached through many different surgical corridors. The goal of this study is to compare two microsurgical (pterional and subfrontal) approaches and the endoscopic endonasal route to access the SSICR.
Simultaneously generating multiple keys over a cascade of a noiseless channel and a wiretap channel (2016)

In this paper, the problem of simultaneously generating multiple keys over a cascade of a noiseless channel and a wiretap channel is considered. The problem consists of three legitimate parties, i.e., Alice, Bob and Carol, where Alice and Bob wish to agree with Carol on independent secret keys. Alice and Bob are connected via a noiseless channel, and Bob is connected with Carol via a wiretap channel, while there is no direct connection between Alice and Carol. To Alice and Carol, Bob acts as a relay. Under this model, a single-letter characterization of the secret-key capacity region is provided. The result shows that there exists a trade-off between the individual secret-key rates.
Young and Early Career Investigators: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group (2010)

The scientific challenges facing HIV-1 vaccine development are unprecedented in the history of vaccinology. As a result, investigators, funders, and other stakeholders generally agree that “game-changing” ideas are required. While innovation can certainly arise from investigators at all career stages, young and early-career investigators, defined as those under 40 years of age or within 10 years of their final degree or clinical training, are especially key contributors of novel and transformative ideas. Young and early-career investigators bring energy, enthusiasm, and fresh perspectives that are unbiased by prevailing dogma and that are essential to scientific progress.
Template-free synthesis of uniform magnetic mesoporous TiO2 nanospindles for highly selective enrichment of phosphopeptides (2014)

A novel, simple and template-free strategy was developed for the synthesis of uniform magnetic mesoporous TiO2 nanospindles. Unlike previous synthetic approaches which mainly involve the strict control of sol–gel processes, templates, or capping agents, our strategy is based on an additional post-hydrolysis route, giving rise to mesoporous TiO2 with a high surface area (366 m2 g−1). After crystallization, the mesoporous TiO2 nanospindles obtained a high surface area (∼117 m2 g−1) and a large pore size (∼5.4 nm), and exhibited a high magnetic susceptibility (∼18.0 emu g−1), as well as showed a remarkable performance for highly selective and rapid enrichment of phosphopeptides with an unprecedented enrichment capacity of ∼300 mg g−1. These understandings open up a new way for the preparation of functional mesoporous TiO2-based materials with high surface areas in a template-free manner, which is of significant importance for applications from both environmental and industrial points of view.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus persistence in Vero cells (2005)

SARS-CoV can establish a persistent infection in vitro. The mechanism for viral persistence is consistent with the formation of a carrier culture whereby a limited number of cells are infected with each round of virus replication and release. Persistence is associated with selected mutations in the SARS-CoV genome. This model may provide insight into SARS-related lung pathology and mechanisms by which humans and animals can serve as reservoirs for infection.
P08.27 Isolation of tumor mesenchymal stem-like cells from high grade gliomas according to the weight of fresh specimens (2017)

It is known that tumor mesenchymal stem-like cells (tMSLCs) can be isolated from high-grade gliomas and also play a role in glioma progression. Moreover, it has been reported that the success of tMSLCs isolation is a critical indicator of the overall survival of World Health Organization grade IV glioma patients. Despite these reports, attempts to isolate tMSLCs from surgical specimen are not always successful. Given that weights of surgical specimens from high-grade gliomas vary, we presumed that weightier surgical specimens would be better for tMSLC isolation. To test this, we assessed 51 fresh, high-grade glioma specimens and divided them into two groups according to success or failure of tMSLCs isolation. We found no significant difference in the weights of specimens in the two groups. We further found no significant differences between the two groups in terms of patient age, sex, pathological diagnosis, tumor type, or molecular markers. We did, however, determine that the estimated optimal weight of samples for tMSLC isolation was 180 mg. Collectively, our findings indicate that, contrary to our expectations, the efficiency of tMSLCs isolation was not related to the weight of surgical specimens.This study was supported by grants from the Korean Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (HI14C0042, HI14C1324), and the “Dongwha” Faculty Research Assistance Program of Yonsei University College of Medicine (6-2015-0171).