gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biochemical phenotype of 5-fluorouracil-resistant murine T-lymphoblasts with genetically altered CTP synthetase activity. (1984)

From wild type mouse lymphoma cells, a clone, (FURT-1A), was isolated by virtue of its resistance to 1 microM 5-fluorouracil and 10 microM thymidine. In comparative growth rate experiments, FURT-1A cells were also less sensitive than parental cells to the growth inhibitory effects of thymidine, deoxyguanosine, 5-fluorouridine, and arabinosylcytosine. The altered growth sensitivity of FURT-1A cells to cytotoxic nucleosides was directly related to their decreased ability to accumulate the corresponding triphosphate from exogenous nucleoside. FURT-1A cells contained elevated cytidylate nucleotide pools which prevented normal growth sensitivity and interfered with the salvage of nucleosides by inhibiting nucleoside kinase activities, by stimulating nucleotide dephosphorylating activities, and by overcoming certain allosteric inhibitions imposed on ribonucleotide reductase. Metabolic flux experiments with [3H]uridine in situ indicated that FURT-1A cells had a 2-fold enhanced rate of conversion of UTP to CTP. Kinetic analyses indicated that the CTP synthetase activity in extracts of FURT-1A cells was refractory to inhibition by CTP. The genetic loss of normal allosteric inhibition of the CTP synthetase activity in FURT-1A cells could account for the unusual phenotypic properties of these cells and conferred a high spontaneous mutator phenotype to cells possessing this mutation.
<title>Iodine Imaging Using Spectral Analysis</title> (1979)

Existing radiographic imaging systems provide images which represent an integration or averaging over the energy spectrum. In order to provide noninvasive angiography it is necessary to image the relatively small amounts of iodine which are available following an intravenous administration. This is accomplished by making use of the special spectral characteristics of iodine. Two methods will be presented. One involves a special grating for encoding the iodine information in the form of a fine line pattern. This is subsequently decoded to provide images of iodinated structures which are otherwise almost invisible. The second method utilizes a scanned x-ray beam which is rapidly switched in the high energy region. In this region, iodine experiences significant variations in the attenuation coefficient while bone and soft tissue do not. An efficient and accurate x-ray detector can be used with scanned x-ray beams. This provides a high degree of sensitivity enabling the visualization of small vessels containing relatively dilute iodine.
Methane Hydroxylation with Water as an Electron Donor under Light Irradiation in the Presence of Reconstituted Membranes Containing both Photosystem II and a Methane Monooxygenase (2018)

Methane/methanol conversion is one of the most important chemical reactions. Methane monooxygenases from methanotrophs are enzymes that catalyze methane/methanol conversion under mild conditions. Here we report the reconstitution of purified photosystem II (PSII) from Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1 into the membrane fraction containing particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) from Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b. Photoinduced hydroxylation of methane to methanol was successfully achieved by using the PSII-reconstituted membrane containing pMMO under light irradiation. This result indicates that the sequential redox chain from PSII through the quinone pool to pMMO can be constructed and that water can serve as the electron donor for methane hydroxylation under irradiation with light. pMMO in the membrane fraction produced hydrogen peroxide as a byproduct when an electron donor was added for methane hydroxylation, whereas under light irradiation conditions the PSII-reconstituted membrane containing pMMO did not generate hydrogen peroxide. Optimization of the electron-transfer rate can easily be achieved with this system by tuning the light intensity.
Cysteine Restriction-Specific Effects of Sulfur Amino Acid Restriction on Lipid Metabolism (2022)

Summary Decreasing dietary intake of methionine exerts robust anti-adiposity effects in rodents but modest effects in humans. Since cysteine can be synthesized from methionine, animal diets are formulated by decreasing methionine and eliminating cysteine. Such diets exert both methionine restriction (MR) and cysteine restriction (CR), i.e., sulfur amino acid restriction (SAAR). Contrarily, human diets used in clinical studies did not eliminate cysteine and thus might have exerted only MR. Epidemiological studies positively correlate body adiposity with plasma cysteine but not with methionine, suggesting that CR, but not MR, is responsible for the antiadiposity effects of SAAR in rodents. Whether this is true, and if so, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Using multiple diets with variable concentrations of methionine and cysteine, we demonstrate that the anti-adiposity effects of SAAR are due to CR. CR increased serinogenesis (serine biosynthesis from non-glucose substrates) by diverting substrates from glyceroneogenesis, essential for fatty acid/triglyceride cycling. Molecular data suggest that the CR results in glutathione depletion, which induces Nrf2 and downstream targets Phgdh (the serine biosynthetic enzyme) and Pepck-M. Using multiple mouse models, we show that the magnitude of SAAR-induced changes in molecular markers depends on dietary fat concentration (60 fat&gt;10% fat), gender (males&gt;females), and age-at-onset (young&gt;adult). Our findings are translationally relevant as we found a negative correlation of plasma serine with triglycerides and metabolic syndrome criteria in a cross-sectional epidemiological study. SAAR-like diets with high polyunsaturated fatty acids increased plasma serine in a short-term human feeding study. Serinogenesis might be a potential target to correct hypertriglyceridemia.
Powerful terahertz emission from Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ mesa arrays (2013)

Stacks of intrinsic Josephson junctions in high-temperature superconductors enable the fabrication of compact sources of coherent terahertz radiation. Here, we demonstrate that multiple stacks patterned on the same Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ crystal can—under optimized conditions—be synchronized to emit high-power THz-radiation. For three synchronized stacks, we achieved 610 μW of continuous-wave coherent radiation power at 0.51 THz. We suggest that synchronization is promoted by THz-waves in the base crystal. We note that synchronization cannot be achieved in all samples. However even in these cases, powers on the 100-μW scale can be generated.
Involvement of cannabinoids in the cardioprotection induced by lipopolysaccharide (2001)

We have examined the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in the cardioprotection triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Rats were treated with saline or LPS (10 microg x Kg(-1)). 24 h later, hearts were excised, retrogradely perfused, submitted to a low-flow ischaemia (0.6 ml x min(-1)) for 90 min and reperfused for 60 min. Some hearts were perfused with either SR 141716A (a cannabinoid CB(1), receptor antagonist 1 microM), SR 144528 (a CB2 receptor anagonist microM), NNLA (3 microM) or sodium nitroprusside (1 microM) 5 min before ischaemia and during the ischaemic period. The cardioprotective effects of LPS treatment, in terms of infarction and functional recovery, were not altered by the perfusion of SR 141716A but abolished by both SR 144528 and NNLA. Finally, SR 144528 abolished the beneficial effects of SNP perfusion. Our results suggest an involvement of endocannabinoids, acting through the CB2 receptors, in the cardioprotection triggered by LPS against myocardial ischaemia. This could be attributed to a relationship between cannabinoids and NO.
Management for Different Glioma Subtypes: Are All Low-Grade Gliomas Created Equal? (2019)

Following the identification of key molecular alterations that provided superior prognostication and led to the updated 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) Central Nervous System (CNS) Tumor Classification, the understanding of glioma behavior has rapidly evolved. Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase <i>(IDH)</i> 1 and 2 are present in the majority of adult grade 2 and 3 gliomas, and when used in conjunction with <i>1p/19q</i> codeletion for classification, the prognostic distinction between grade 2 versus grade 3 is diminished. As such, the previously often used term of "low-grade glioma," which referred to grade 2 gliomas, has now been replaced by the phrase "lower-grade glioma" to encompass both grade 2 and 3 tumors. Additional molecular characterization is ongoing to even further classify this heterogeneous group of tumors. With such a colossal shift in the understanding of lower-grade gliomas, management of disease is being redefined in the setting of emerging molecular-genetic biomarkers. In this article, we review recent progress and future directions regarding the surgical, radiotherapeutic, chemotherapeutic, and long-term management of adult lower-grade gliomas.
Traitement des matières de vidange par lits de séchage plantés de roseaux et valorisation des percolats en bois énergie : une approche écologique (2016)

/ La gestion pérenne des déchets issus de l'assainissement passe par des solutions adaptées au contexte des territoires. Elle doit notamment respecter les principes de proximité dans les circuits de collecte et traitement et permettre au mieux la valorisation des déchets. L'unité de traitement des matières de vidange de Nègrepelisse répond à ces impératifs avec une solution écologique qui offre plusieurs avantages : - sobriété énergétique dans les transports induits avec un site proche des déchets à éliminer, et dans la consommation énergétique de la filière extensive de traitement mise en ½uvre - valorisation énergétique vers une filière bois-énergie locale, - intégration paysagère avec une filière qui se fond dans le paysage environnant. - durabilité du système technique et agronomique. Le travail a consisté à suivre les performances de la filière dans son ensemble : traitements des effluents, distribution sur la parcelle et son homogénéité et valorisation des eaux usées traitées par la croissance des arbres sur une période de trois saisons d'irrigation. L'objectif était de valider la filière de traitement ainsi que de tester plusieurs modalités de conduite des irrigations afin de montrer que cette filière est très performante tant en terme de finalisation du traitement de l'effluent que de valorisation par la production de bois sans impacter le milieu.
&#x201C;Advanced surgical imaging&#x201D; (2009)

Minimally invasive surgical procedures using laparoscopes have certain benefits in that the surgical incisions are smaller and therefore heal quicker with less post-operative pain. The disadvantages of laparoscopic procedures are technical in nature; there is a loss of tactile feedback and loss of three-dimensional assessment. We have examined both visible and infrared imaging technology to enhance the assessment of anatomic structures as well as tissue oxygenation and viability. The visible light project focuses on enhancement of the standard 3 CCD camera using software algorithms to visualize the viability of various tissues by exploiting the inherent color differences between oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin. The infra-red project focuses on the use of temperature differentials to visualize anatomic structures such as the common bile duct in the liver. Common bile duct injury is the most significant complications from laparoscopic cholecystectomy (removal of gall stones) which is the most common minimally invasive surgery performed in the US. Indeed it was recently reported that on average every American will undergo 6 operations over their lifetime and 1 out of the 6 will be a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The capability to distinguish the structures and vessels in real-time coupled with the ability to evaluate the status of a given tissue or organ will greatly impact the field of surgery and increase the quality of life for the patient.
Placement of Guide-Wireless Sharp Percutaneous Pedicle Screws Utilizing Computed Tomography-Navigation and Sentinel Fluoroscopy: 2-Dimensional Operative Video (2019)

Many established techniques exist for minimally invasive pedicle screw placement. Nearly all techniques incorporate the use of a Kershner wire (K-wire) at various points in the work-flow. The use of a K-wire adds an additional step. If its position is lost, it requires repeating all previous steps, and placement is not without complication. The use of a guide-wireless sharp screws allows the surgeon to place a pedicle screw in 1 step with several fluid maneuvers.1 The patient underwent Institutional Review Board-approved consent for this study. Following traditional computed tomography-based navigation, a stab incision is made, followed by fascial dissection with monopolar cautery. The sharp screw is placed percutaneously at the facet-transverse process junction. The precise entry point is confirmed with navigation, followed by a sentinel anterior-posterior fluoroscopic image, verifying the accuracy of the navigation. The cortical bone is traversed by malleting the sharp tip through the cortex. When the cancellous bone is engaged, the screw is then advanced through the pedicle. This set of steps allows for safe, efficient placement of percutaneous pedicle screws without the need for a guidewire. Mal-placement regarding sharp pedicle screw insertion is similar to K-wire-dependent screw placement. Surgeons must be cognoscente of exceptionally sclerotic bone, which can prove difficult to cannulate. Conversely, osteoporotic bone that is liable to a cortical pedicle breach, transverse process fracture, and/or maltrajectory are all considerations when placing a K-wireless, sharp pedicle screw. Anterior-posterior fluoroscopy is utilized to confirm accuracy of image-guided navigation and mitigate malplacement of pedicle screws.
Muscle synergies after stroke are correlated with perilesional high gamma (2016)

Movements can be factored into modules termed "muscle synergies". After stroke, abnormal synergies are linked to impaired movements; however, their neural basis is not understood. In a single subject, we examined how electrocorticography signals from the perilesional cortex were associated with synergies. The measured synergies contained a mix of both normal and abnormal patterns and were remarkably similar to those described in past work. Interestingly, we found that both normal and abnormal synergies were correlated with perilesional high gamma. Given the link between high gamma and cortical spiking, our results suggest that perilesional spiking may organize synergies after stroke.
The utility of SPECT for 99mTc-MAA hepatic arterial perfusion scintigraphy (1985)

The utility of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for hepatic arterial perfusion scintigraphy was evaluated in 86 patients (91 studies). Previous reports have shown planar studies to be valuable for the clinical management of patients receiving intraarterial chemotherapy and more reliable than angiography in determining blood flow distribution. However, overlying areas of intra- and extrahepatic perfusion can sometimes make interpretation of these two-dimensional images difficult. Since SPECT has the potential to depict the three-dimensional distribution of perfusion, separate out overlying activity, and improve contrast resolution, SPECT Tc-MAA perfusion studies were compared to planar studies. Planar and SPECT studies both demonstrated the extent of hepatic and tumor perfusion, although occasionally SPECT added additional information. SPECT was most useful in confirming or excluding extrahepatic perfusion that was suspected but not definite on planar studies. Extrahepatic abdominal perfusion was found to be present in 11 (12%) of 91 studies. All patients with confirmed extrahepatic perfusion who received intraarterial chemotherapy had symptoms of drug toxicity compared to only a 23% incidence in those without evidence of extrahepatic perfusion (p less than 0.001). This report demonstrates that SPECT can improve the qualitative interpretation of hepatic arterial perfusion studies.
O ESTADO DA ARTE DOS ESTUDOS SOBRE A RELAÇÃO ENTRE APRENDIZAGEM E DESNUTRIÇÃO (2015)

Partindo da constante discussao existente no senso comum que cri­ancas com historico de desnutricao tendem a apresentar atrasos do desenvol­vimento fisico e problemas relacionados a aprendizagem, realizou-se uma revisao bibliografica, que teve como objetivo avaliar o estado da arte dos estudos a respeito da relacao entre a desnutricao e a aprendizagem, em peri­odicos produzidos no Brasil. O que se pode perceber foi uma escassez de pesquisas relacionadas ao tema. Chegou-se a conclusao de que nao ha com­provacao cientifica de tal hipotese. O que se propos foi uma pesquisa basica experimental, em que se possa controlar variaveis e encontrar aparatos cien­tificos que comprovem a existencia ou nao de uma correlacao entre aspectos nutricionais e aprendizagem. Palavras-chave: desnutricao; aprendizagem; educacao.
Pre-bypass cardiovascular stability with S(+)-ketamine anaesthesia for heart valve surgery (2002)

s: European Association of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesiologists; 17th Annual Meeting; Dublin, Ireland; June 12-15, 2002: Anaesthesia
Influence of Gender on Occurrence of Aseptic Loosening and Recurrent PJI after Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty (2021)

Background: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a common yet severe complication after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Surgical intervention and antibiotic therapy are obligatory to achieve successful, infection-free outcome. Compared to the outcomes after primary TKA, prosthesis failure rates are drastically increased after PJI-dependent revision surgery. Recurrent PJI and aseptic loosening are the most common reasons for prosthesis failure after revision TKA. An open question is the influence of the patients’ gender on long-term prosthesis survival after revision surgery. Additionally, it is unknown whether gender-related parameters and risk factors or differences in treatment are responsible for potential differences in outcome after revision arthroplasty. Patients and Methods: In this report, 109 patients that received TKA revision surgery due to PJI were retrospectively analyzed. We used clinical, paraclinical and radiological examinations to study the influence of gender on the long-term complications aseptic loosening and recurrent PJI after PJI-dependent revision arthroplasty. Results: While overall prosthesis failure rates and risk of recurrent PJI did not differ between genders, the long-term risk of aseptic loosening was significantly elevated in female patients. Postoperative coronal alignment was significantly more varus for women later diagnosed with aseptic loosening. Besides coronal alignment, no gender-dependent differences in clinical presentation or treatment were observed. Conclusions: Female patients displayed a significantly increased risk for aseptic loosening after PJI-dependent revision TKA. The observed gender-dependent differences in long-term outcome in our study support theories surrounding the role of bone metabolism in the development of aseptic loosening. Our data suggest that further research on a female design for PJI-dependent revision prostheses is warranted.
Review of safety reports of cardiac MR-imaging in patients with recently implanted coronary artery stents at various field strengths (2020)

<b>Background</b>: Aim of this study was to review current literature and data regarding the effects of MRI-examination post stent implantation on re-occlusion rates.<b>Methods</b>: We focused on representative studies in the database MEDLINE. Inclusion criteria were: clinical studies with the main focus on the safety of coronary artery stents after MRI-examination in the time interval of 8 weeks post stent implantation. During a follow up period the incidence of cardiac events was recorded. In addition, the time interval between stent implantation and MRI-examination should be defined.<b>Results</b>: Our search resulted in a total of relevant 17 studies. There were in-vivo as well as in-vitro studies and in addition three further publications f.e. guidelines. Concerning the patients, we differentiated between MRI performed shortly after acute cardiac event and in stable CAD. MRI-examinations were performed at different field strengths and reported different stent types. Considered were the incidences of cardiac events.<b>Conclusion</b>: Independent of MRI field strength (1.5 Tesla or 3.0 Tesla) or used stent type (BMS or DES), there was no increased rate for cardiac events in patients, who underwent MRI < 8 weeks after stent placement. MRI < 8 weeks after stent placement seems to be safe.
pH-dependent equilibrium swelling properties of hydrophobic polyelectrolyte copolymer gels (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTpH-dependent equilibrium swelling properties of hydrophobic polyelectrolyte copolymer gelsRonald A. Siegel and Bruce A. FirestoneCite this: Macromolecules 1988, 21, 11, 3254–3259Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00189a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00189a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2131Altmetric-Citations562LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor mobilizes into peripheral blood the complete clonal repertoire of hematopoietic precursors residing in the bone marrow of mice (1996)

We have established the clonal relationships between the hematopoietic precursors residing in the bone marrow (BM) and the peripheral blood (PB) of mice treated with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). The use of animals whose hematopoiesis was reconstituted with genetically labeled stem cells has allowed us to show that an almost identical repertoire of clones is found in the colony-forming unit (CFU-S) population present in the BM and mobilized PB. Moreover, our data has shown that the frequency of expression of the repopulating clones in both types of CFU-S populations is the same, evidencing that G-CSF mobilized PB progenitor cells (PBPCs) closely reflect the clonal make-up of the hematopoietic precursors residing in the BM. When secondary recipients were transplanted with BM or mobilized PB grafts that had been harvested from the genetically marked mice, the presence of long-term lympho-hematopoietic repopulating clones was showed not only in the BM but also in the PB samples. No new clones were identified in the long-term repopulating cells of the mobilized animals with respect to those found in the CFU-S population. Moreover, the hematopoietic precursors that were capable of long-term reconstitution corresponded to the clones, which were most highly represented in the CFU-S compartment, suggesting, at least in the case of G-CSF treated mice, that the frequency of expression of the repopulating clones in the CFU-S population is prognostic for the clone longevity. Based on our experimental data, new advantages for the use of mobilized PBPCs in place of hematopoietic grafts procured from limited areas of BM are proposed.