gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Persistent post-surgical pain and experimental pain sensitivity in the Tromsø study: Comorbid pain matters (2013)

In a large survey incorporating medical examination (N=12,981), information on chronic pain and surgery was collected, and sensitivity to different pain modalities was tested. Tolerance to the cold pressor test was analysed with survival statistics for 10,486 individuals, perceived cold pressor pain intensity was calculated for 10,367 individuals, heat pain threshold was assessed for 4,054 individuals, and pressure pain sensitivity for 4,689 individuals. Persistent post-surgical pain, defined by self-report, was associated with lower cold pressor tolerance (sex-adjusted hazard ratio=1.34, 95% confidence interval=1.08-1.66), but not when adjusting for other chronic pain. Other experimental pain modalities did not differentiate between individuals with or without post-surgical pain. Of the individuals with chronic pain (N=3352), 6.2% indicated surgery as a cause, although only 0.5% indicated surgery as the only cause. The associations found between persistent post-surgical pain and cold pressor tolerance is largely explained by the co-existence of chronic pain from other causes. We conclude that most cases of persistent post-surgical pain are coexistent with other chronic pain, and that, in an unselected post-surgical population, persistent post-surgical pain is not significantly associated with pain sensitivity when controlling for comorbid pain from other causes. A low prevalence of self-reported persistent pain from surgery attenuates statistically significant associations. We hypothesize that general chronic pain is associated with central changes in pain processing as expressed by reduced tolerance for the cold pressor test.
Transparent optical protection ring architectures and applications (2005)

This paper reviews recent progress in optical protection rings with the focus on transparent optical protection rings. Different optical protection ring architectures, such as dedicated and shared protection rings, in both the optical-channel (OCh) layer and the optical multiplex section (OMS) layer, are described. In particular, OCh shared protection rings (OChSPRINGs) are discussed in detail including node-architecture designs, ring protocols, triggers, and messaging channels. Feasibility studies and experimental results from Corning Inc. and other companies are reviewed. The paper also discusses how protection-switching times scale with number of nodes and number of wavelengths, and shows examples of applications using the scaling rules for practical optical networks such as metro, regional, and long-haul ring networks. The cost benefits of transparent optical protection rings are analyzed using a typical metro network. Finally, the paper discusses remaining issues and future developments in the optical protection ring area.
An Analytical Approach to File Prefetching (1996)

File prefetching is an effective technique for improving file access performance. In this paper, we present a file prefetching mechanism that is based on on-line analytic modeling of interesting system events and is transparent to higher levels. The mechanism, incorporated into a client's file cache manager, seeks to build semantic structures, called access trees, that capture the correlations between file accesses. It then heuristically uses these structures to represent distinct file usage patterns and exploits them to prefetch files from a file server. We show results of a simulation study and of a working implementation. Measurements suggest that our method can predict future file accesses with an accuracy around 90\%,that it can reduce cache miss rate by up to 47\% and application latency by up to 40\%. Our method imposes little overhead, even under antagonistic circumstances.
Considerations in the simulation of large monolithic microwave integrated circuits enclosed in a conducting package (1993)

This thesis presents a numerical and experimental analysis of MMIC circuits enclosed in a conducting package. Three different simulation techniques are developed: a full-wave method of moments (MOM) procedure, a simple circuit model and the enhanced diakoptic method. In the design of MMICs, the effect of enclosing the circuit is typically assumed to be negligible. However, as the electrical size of enclosures increase package resonances are possible. If the system operates at frequencies near one of these resonances, coupling between the fundamental microstrip mode and the resonant mode is possible. This phenomenon is referred to as parasitic coupling to a resonant mode and its importance is emphasized in this thesis. An experimentally verified full-wave MOM procedure is used to examine some of the fundamental aspects of resonant mode coupling. In addition, methods of reducing this coupling will also be investigated. For example, both the addition of loss to an enclosure or layout modifications can be used to reduce resonant mode coupling. Since a full-wave analysis, although rigorous, is also very complex to implement, a simple circuit model is developed to describe resonant mode coupling. Simple analytical expressions for the entire model are easily evaluated, making this is a very attractive feature for implementation into a CAD package. In addition, it requires several orders of magnitude less CPU time than the MOM. As the size of MMIC circuits increase they become too complicated to analyze using a straightforward full-wave approach. A full-wave analysis of a typical MMIC of moderate complexity may require the solution of a large system of equations. Therefore, as second alternative to the MOM the diakoptic method is modified to analyze an MMIC in an enclosure. For very large circuits significant CPU savings result. A new spectral filtering technique, called the enhanced diakoptic method, is developed to improve accuracy.
Folding of Long-Chain Alkanediammonium Ions Promoted by a Cucurbituril Derivative (2008)

We report the isolation and characterization of two top-bottom differentiated CB[n]-type receptors, namely ns-CB[6] and cucurbituril derivative 2, which display diastereoselective recognition toward unsymmetrical guests. Compound 2 also promotes the back-folding of long chain alkanediammonium ions in water.
Reversible shift in the superconducting transition for La1.85Sr0.15CuO4and BaFe1.8Co0.2As2using piezoelectric substrates (2010)

The use of piezoelectric substrates enables a dynamic observation of strain dependent properties of functional materials. Based on studies with La1.85Sr0.15CuO4 we extended this approach to the iron arsenic superconductors represented by BaFe2-xCoxAs2 to investigate strain driven changes in detail. We demonstrate that epitaxial thin films can be prepared on (001)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.72Ti0.28O3 substrates using pulsed laser deposition. The structural as well as the electric properties of the grown films were characterized in detail. A reversible shift of the superconducting transition of 0.44 K for La1.85Sr0.15CuO4 and 0.2 K for BaFe1.8Co0.2As2 was observed applying a biaxial strain of 0.022% and 0.017% respectively.
A novel vCPE framework for enabling virtual network functions with multiple flow tables architecture in SDN switches (2017)

The virtual Customer Premise Equipment (vCPE) concept has been proposed recently to reduce OPEX and CAPEX. Software-defined networking (SDN) and network functions virtualization (NFV) are key roles for this innovation. This paper proposes a vCPE framework enables deploying VNFs as edge of network. These VNFs are achieved by the synergies between a VNF controller on the cloud and an SDN switch at the edge. A multiple flow table management model is also proposed to implement virtual network functions. Through the proposed vCPE framework, the customer only needs a generic SDN switch at local network and very easy to subscribing different network services, such as Firewall, NAT, DHCP, and applications quality of service (QoS) by a browser-based dashboard. Experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of VNFs implemented by the proposed multiple flow table management model. The flexibility of framework to integrate with other application classification systems, such as IDS or IPS, is also demonstrated.
EFFECTS OF MULTIMEDIA-BASED GRAPHIC NOVEL PRESENTATION ON CRITICAL THINKING AMONG STUDENTS OF DIFFERENT LEARNING APPROACHES (2013)

This study investigated the effects of graphic novels on the critical thinking skills in history learning among 291 Secondary Two students in three secondary schools in Malaysia. This research consisted of two parts, namely, development and evaluation. In the first part, the multimedia learning material entitled ‘Japanese Occupation of Malaya 1942-1945’ was designed and developed. In the second part of this research, this study investigated the critical thinking effects of three multimedia graphic novel instructional modes on students of different learning approaches – deep and surface. This study utilized the quantitative method to gather information. ANOVA and ANCOVA analyses were conducted to test the five hypotheses in this study. The results showed that students who were exposed to the Graphic novel and Narration (GN) mode performed significantly better than their counterparts in the Graphic novel and Text (GT) mode and the Graphic novel, Text and Narration (GTN) mode. Both the surface-approach students and the deep-approach students who were exposed to the GN mode performed significantly better than those in the GT mode and the GTN mode. It was also found that the GN mode provides equivalent benefits to both surface-approach and deep-approach students. The interaction effects between the students’ learning approach and the three learning modes related to the posttest scores were not significant. The conclusion of this study is supportive of the positive value of the GN mode multimedia graphic novel learning environment based on Mandell and Malone’s Thinking like a Historian (TLH) model to enhance and facilitate students’ critical thinking skills toward history learning.
Task-oriented control of a 9-DoF WMRA system for opening a spring-loaded door task (2011)

A 9-Dof wheelchair mounted robotic arm system (WMRA) has been developed to assist wheelchair-bound persons with upper limb motion limitations to perform activities of daily living (ADL) tasks. In this paper, we utilize mobile manipulation control to keep the end-effector stationary while moving the base and vice versa. This allows easier execution of a group of pre-set ADL tasks including opening and holding a spring loaded door passing through by locking the end-effector position and orientation. Redundancy resolution is achieved by optimizing the manipulability measure while the ADL task is being performed. Combined mobility and manipulation is expanded in this work to turn the USF WMRA into a task-oriented robotic system.
Airborne measurements in the longwave infrared using an imaging hyperspectral sensor (2008)

Emerging applications in Defense and Security require sensors with state-of-the-art sensitivity and capabilities. Among these sensors, the imaging spectrometer is an instrument yielding a large amount of rich information about the measured scene. Standoff detection, identification and quantification of chemicals in the gaseous state is one important application. Analysis of the surface emissivity as a means to classify ground properties and usage is another one. Imaging spectrometers have unmatched capabilities to meet the requirements of these applications. Telops has developed the FIRST, a LWIR hyperspectral imager. The FIRST is based on the Fourier Transform technology yielding high spectral resolution and enabling high accuracy radiometric calibration. The FIRST, a man portable sensor, provides datacubes of up to 320x256 pixels at 0.35mrad spatial resolution over the 8-12 &mu;m spectral range at spectral resolutions of up to 0.25cm<sup>-1</sup>. The FIRST has been used in several field campaigns, including the demonstration of standoff chemical agent detection [http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.795119.1]. More recently, an airborne system integrating the FIRST has been developed to provide airborne hyperspectral measurement capabilities. The airborne system and its capabilities are presented in this paper. The FIRST sensor modularity enables operation in various configurations such as tripod-mounted and airborne. In the airborne configuration, the FIRST can be operated in push-broom mode, or in staring mode with image motion compensation. This paper focuses on the airborne operation of the FIRST sensor.
Relationship between genetic variants in the adenosine pathway and outcome of methotrexate treatment in patients with recent‐onset rheumatoid arthritis (2006)

Polymorphisms in the AMPD1, ATIC, and ITPA genes are associated with good clinical response to MTX treatment. These findings indicate that genotyping may help in the identification of patients who will benefit most from MTX treatment and may assist clinicians in making treatment decisions regarding patients with recent-onset RA.
Gradient interpenetrating polymer networks. I. Poly(ether urethane) and polyacrylamide IPN (1981)

Abstract The swelling properties of poly(ether urethane)s and the preparation of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) from a poly(ether urethane) thermoplastic elastomer and hydrogel forming polyacrylamide have been studied. The acrylamide monomer was polymerized with simultaneous crosslink formation, in the presence of the swollen thermoplastic elastomer. Upon removal of the swelling solvent, an IPN was obtained which absorbed water in the manner of a hydrogel but had mechanical properties superior to a hydrogel.
Multitarget Antithrombotic Drugs (2011)

Thromboembolic disorders are still the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in developed societies. Therefore, prophylaxis and treatment of arterial and venous thrombosis are among the main therapeutic challenges nowadays. Simultaneous action on several targets involved in pathology of thrombosis offers potential advantages compared to existing drugs which were developed as selective modulators of single targets. The review focuses on dual inhibitors of coagulation enzymes, dual antiaggregatory compounds exerting their action on different combinations of platelet targets, as well as on anticoagulant/antiaggregatory compounds which interfere with at least one target involved in blood coagulation and at least one target engaged in the process leading to platelet aggregation.
A Chinese Meta-Font (1983)

METAFONT is Donald E. Knuth''s system for alphabet design. The system allows an entire family of fonts or meta-fonts to be specified precisely and mathematically so that it can be produced in different sizes and styles for different raster devices. We present a new technique for defining Chinese characters hierarchically with METAFONT. We define METAFONT subroutines for commonly used portions of strokes and then combine some of these into routines for drawing complete strokes. Parameters describe the skeletons of the strokes and the stroke routines are carefully designed to transform themselves appropriately. This allows us to handle all of the basic strokes with only 14 different routines. The stroke routines in turn are used to build up groups of strokes and radicals. Special routines for positioning control points ensure that the strokes will join properly in a variety of different styles. The radical routines are parameterized to allow them to be placed at different locations in the typeface and to allow for adjusting their size and shape. Key points are positioned relative to the bounding box for the radical, and the special positioning routines find other points that must be passed to the stroke routines. We use this method to design high quality Song style characters. Global parameters control the style, and we show how these can be used to create Song and Long Song from the same designs. Other settings can produce other familiar styles or even new styles. We show how it is possible to create completely different styles, such as Bold style, merely by substituting different stroke routines. The global parameters can be used to augment simple scaling by altering stroke width and other details to account for changes in size. We can adjust stroke widths to help even out the overall darkness of the characters. We also show how it is possible to experiment with new ideas such as adjusting character widths individually. While many of our characters are based on existing designs, the stroke routines facilitate the design of new characters without the need to refer to detailed drawings. The skeletal parameters and special positioning routines make it easy to position the strokes properly. In our previous paper, in contrast to this, we parameterized the strokes according to their boundaries and copied an existing design. The previous approach made it very difficult to create different styles with the same METAFONT program.
In-line Smart Oil Sensor for Machine Condition Monitoring (2008)

An integrated in-line oil monitoring detector assigned for continuous in situ monitoring multiple parameters of oil performance for predicting economically optimal oil change intervals and equipment condition control is presented in this study. The detector estimates oil deterioration based on the information about chemical degradation, total contamination, water content of oil and oil temperature. The oil oxidation is estimated by chromatic ratio, total contamination is measured by the changes in optical intensity of oil in three optical wavebands (Red, Green and Blue) and water content is evaluated as Relative Saturation of oil by water. The detector is able to monitor oils with low light absorption (hydraulic, transformer, turbine, compressor and etc. oils) as well as oils with rather high light absorption in visible waveband (diesel and etc. oils). In a case study that the detector is applied to a diesel engine oil, it is found that the detector provides good results on oil chemical degradation as well as soot concentration.
Effect of Microstructure on Material‐Removal Mechanisms and Damage Tolerance in Abrasive Machining of Silicon Carbide (1995)

Effects of microstructural heterogeneity on material‐removal mechanisms and damage‐formation processes in the abrasive machining of silicon carbide are investigated. It is shown that the process of material removal in a conventional silicon carbide material with equiaxed‐grain micro‐structure and strong grain boundaries consists of the formation and propagation of transgranular cracks which results in macroscopic chipping. However, in a silicon carbide material, containing 20 vol% yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) second phase, with elongated‐grain micro‐structure and weak grain boundaries, intergranular micro‐cracks are formed at the interphase boundaries, leading to dislodgment of individual grains. These different mechanisms of material‐removal affect the nature of machining‐induced damage. While in the conventional silicon carbide material the machining damage consists of transgranular median/radial cracks, in the heterogeneous silicon carbide material, abrasive machining produces interfacial micro‐cracks distributed within a thin surface layer. These two distinct types of machining damage result in a different strength response in the two forms of silicon carbide materials. In the case of the conventional silicon carbide, grinding damage results in a dramatic decrease in strength relative to the as‐polished specimens. In contrast, the ground heterogeneous silicon carbide specimens show no strength loss at all.
The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) activator dh404 protects against diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction (2017)

These studies demonstrate that upregulation of Nrf2 by dh404 represents a novel therapeutic strategy to limit diabetes-associated vascular injury.
ChemInform Abstract: Rapid Synthesis of 3‐Aminoisoquinoline‐5‐sulfonamides Using the Buchwald—Hartwig Reaction. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fabrication of impedimetric sensors for label-free Point-of-Care immunoassay cardiac marker systems, with passive microfluidic delivery (2006)

Miniaturised point-of-care cardiac marker sensors are being developed, based on impedimetric sensing of cardiac enzyme capture by an antibody layer immobilised on a planar gold electrode sensor. Gold/Ti-on-glass substrates have been used, in a 2 electrode configuration, with antibodies immobilised on the working electrode. Microfluidic structures have been fabricated by a CO2 laser, in 25 mum thick pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA), on a PMMA lid, and the structure bonded on top of the planar sensor. Microfluidic blood/serum delivery has been investigated using a visualisation dye. Some flow problems are observed if the sensor is exposed to air for several days, suggesting that flow channel nanopillars and hermetic encapsulation may be required to guarantee flow properties in commercially produced modules. Work is ongoing to characterise the impedimetric signal changes for myoglobin capture by antimyoglobin, using these sensors. Fifty micron thick PSA, incorporating a robust spacer layer, will be used to give better definition of channel walls.
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF CARBONIC ANHYDRASE IX AND KI67 AS PREDICTORS OF SURVIVAL FOR RENAL CLEAR CELL CARCINOMA (2004)

Ki67and CAIX are useful prognostic biomarkers for RCC that improve the survival prediction and classification of kidney cancer.
Isolation and Preliminary Taxonomic Studies of Thermus Strains Isolated from Yellowstone National Park, USA (1986)

Forty-eight strains of Thermus isolated from hot springs in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA, and eight reference strains were subjected to a numerical taxonomic analysis using Gower's coefficient (SG) with single and average linkage clustering. Two major groups were distinguished, which could be differentiated by colony morphology, ability to reduce nitrate and proteolytic activity. Cluster 1 contained Thermus aquaticus YT-1, the type strain of the species, and cluster 2 contained authentic strains of 'T. flavus' and 'T. thermophilus'. T. ruber was recovered as a single member cluster. The mol % G + C of DNA from representative strains from each cluster was 64.4 to 66.8 for cluster 1, 62.2 to 67.1 for cluster 2 and 62.5 for T. ruber.
Deeply learned attributes for crowded scene understanding (2015)

Crowded scene understanding is a fundamental problem in computer vision. In this study, we develop a multi-task deep model to jointly learn and combine appearance and motion features for crowd understanding. We propose crowd motion channels as the input of the deep model and the channel design is inspired by generic properties of crowd systems. To well demonstrate our deep model, we construct a new large-scale WWW Crowd dataset with 10, 000 videos from 8, 257 crowded scenes, and build an attribute set with 94 attributes on WWW. We further measure user study performance on WWW and compare this with the proposed deep models. Extensive experiments show that our deep models display significant performance improvements in cross-scene attribute recognition compared to strong crowd-related feature-based baselines, and the deeply learned features behave a superior performance in multi-task learning.
FPGA resources for simple heterodyne filter (2001)

A very simple heterodyne tunable filter can be designed with up-samplers, two heterodyne units, two low pass filters, a single prototype filter and a down-sampler. A complicated prototype band pass filter can be tuned over a range of 90-degrees in the unit circle by simply changing the heterodyne frequency. The simple heterodyne tunable filter offers hardware savings over the other heterodyne filters at the cost of a smaller tuning range and the need for the fixed low-pass filters to remove images.