gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase Behavior Modeling of Gas-Condensate Fluids Using an Equation of State (1991)

Abstract A modified Zudkevitch and Joffe method of determining parameters of an equation of state (EOS) is described and applied to the Patel and Teja (PT) equation. All the parameters of the PT equation are considered temperature dependent and evaluated from the vapour pressure, liquid molar volume and critical compressibility factor of pure compounds. The attraction term in the PT equation is modified by a temperature dependent parameter for super critical components. Conventional random mixing rules are applied to obtain the EOS parameters for mixtures, with no binary interaction coefficients for hydrocarbon mixtures. The modified equation was validated against experimental data of gas condensate systems and compared with other leading EOS. A large number of data, including the dew point pressure, condensate drop-out, and the density of gas and condensate phases at equilibrium conditions over a wide temperature range was generated and used in this validation. The proposed method predicted the experimental data, particularly the retrograde condensate volume, more accurately than others. The method can be applied to any equation of state.
Solanapyrone Synthase, a Possible Diels–Alderase and Iterative Type I Polyketide Synthase Encoded in a Biosynthetic Gene Cluster from Alternaria solani (2010)

The solanapyrone biosynthetic gene cluster was cloned from Alternaria solani. It consists of six genes-sol1-6-coding for a polyketide synthase, an O-methyltransferase, a dehydrogenase, a transcription factor, a flavin-dependent oxidase, and cytochrome P450. The prosolanapyrone synthase (PSS) encoded by sol1 was expressed in Aspergillus oryzae and its product was identified as desmethylprosolanapyrone I (8). Although PSS is closely related to the PKSs/Diels-Alderases LovB and MlcA of lovastatin and compactin biosynthesis, it did not catalyze cycloaddition. Sol5, encoding a flavin-dependent oxidase (solanapyrone synthase, SPS), was expressed in Pichia pastoris and purified. The purified recombinant SPS showed activity for the formation of (-)-solanapyrone A (1) from achiral prosolanapyrone II (2), establishing that this single enzyme catalyzes both the oxidation and the subsequent cycloaddition reaction, possibly as a Diels-Alder enzyme.
Separate Gut Plasma Cell Populations Produce Autoantibodies Against Transglutaminase 2 and Transglutaminase 3 in Dermatitis Herpetiformis (2023)

Abstract Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is an inflammatory skin disorder often considered as an extraintestinal manifestation of celiac disease (CeD). Hallmarks of CeD and DH are autoantibodies to transglutaminase 2 (TG2) and transglutaminase 3 (TG3), respectively. DH patients have autoantibodies reactive with both transglutaminase enzymes. We here report that in DH both gut plasma cells and serum autoantibodies are specific for either TG2 or TG3 with no TG2-TG3 cross-reactivity. By generating monoclonal antibodies from TG3-specific duodenal plasma cells of DH patients, we define three conformational epitope groups. Both TG2-specific and TG3-specific gut plasma cells have few immunoglobulin mutations, and the two transglutaminase-reactive populations show distinct selection of certain heavy and light chain V-genes. Mass spectrometry analysis of TG3-specific serum IgA corroborates preferential usage of IGHV2-5 in combination with IGKV4-1 . Collectively, our results demonstrate parallel induction of anti-TG2 and anti-TG3 autoantibody responses involving separate B-cell populations in DH patients.
[Effect of the association of caffeine-indomethacin on the production of prostacyclin in the rat stomach]. (1982)

Prostaglandin (PG) E1, PGD2 and the unstable PGI2 are inhibitors of human platelet aggregation and increase the concentration on cAMP in human platelets, presumably by stimulation of the adenylate cyclase. Methylxanthines exert their antiaggregatory effect by inhibiting the platelet cAMP phosphodiesterase. We examined whether caffeine-indomethacin is able to block PGI2 release from gastric mucosa less than the administration of indomethacin alone. PGI2 production was determined on aliquots of incubated mucosal strips, tested for ADP-induced aggregation of human platelet rich plasma. The obtained data indicate that the PGI2 production found in rats treated with the association was higher than that observed in rats treated with indomethacin alone. The present preliminary findings suggest that caffeine when given together with indomethacin reduces the indomethacin-induced inhibition of PGI2 release from the gastric mucosa.
Understanding Deviations between Spatially Resolved and Homogenized Cathode Models of Lithium‐Ion Batteries (2020)

Porous electrode models are essential for inexpensively predicting the performance and lifetime of lithium‐ion batteries. Physics‐based models range from microscopic 3D models, which spatially resolve the microstructural characteristics of all phases in porous electrodes, to reduced and computationally effective models, which do not resolve the microstructure. The homogenized Newman model, also known as the pseudo‐2D (P2D) model, is well established and widely used. However, the necessary simplification shows its weaknesses, especially for high charge and discharge rates, and these lead to significant differences in comparison with the microscopic 3D model. Herein, the validity of the homogenized Newman model is investigated with respect to variations of the microstructural characteristics of a porous cathode. The effects of 1) a homogenized conductive additive; 2) non‐spherical particle geometries; and 3) overlapping particles on charge/discharge curves are analyzed. The result is a better understanding of the validity limits of P2D models. These new insights about the individual influences of the simplifications will be used to improve the homogenized model. The simulation of complex cathode structures, where several homogenization assumptions are violated, shows that the improved homogenized model reaches a very high accuracy, and, thus, overcomes the existing limitations of the P2D model approach.
Elevated Levels of Circulating Procoagulant Microparticles in Patients With Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria and Aplastic Anemia (1999)

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), frequently occurring during suppressed hematopoiesis including aplastic anemia (AA), is a clonal disorder associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events. Complement-mediated hemolysis, impairment of the fibrinolytic system, or platelet activation are thought to be responsible for the associated thrombotic risk. We investigated here the elevation of membrane-derived procoagulant microparticles in the blood flow of such patients. Elevated levels of circulating microparticles were in fact detected in both de novo PNH patients and AA subjects with a PNH clone, but not in those with AA without a PNH clone. The cellular origin of the microparticles was determined in PNH samples; most stemmed from platelets. Glycophorin A+ particles were rarely detected. Therefore, platelet activation, resulting in the dissemination of procoagulant phospholipids in the blood flow, could be one of the main causes for the elevated thrombotic risk associated with PNH. These observations suggest that shed membrane particles can be considered a valuable biological parameter for the assessment of possible thrombotic complications in patients with PNH.
Optical fibre sensors and networks for environmental monitoring (2003)

Describes the author's work on the development of fibre sensors and networks for monitoring trace gases such as methane, acetylene, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulphide and for detection of spills of gasoline, diesel and organic solvents, all of which are important in environmental and safety management. As an example, a 45‐point fibre optic sensor network has been installed on a landfill site to assess the distribution of methane generation across the site. System operation is based on near‐IR absorption and is currently being extended to monitor other gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide. Concurrently, research is being conducted on fibre lasers for the realisation of multi‐point, multi‐gas monitoring systems. Based on other principles (periodic micro‐bending loss effects), detection of hydrocarbon fuel spills has been demonstrated at multiple locations along the length of a specially designed fibre optic cable using standard optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) measurements.
Mean subaxial space available for the cord index as a novel method of measuring cervical spine geometry to predict the chronic stinger syndrome in American football players (2009)

A critical value of 5.0 mm for the MSCSAC provides the clinician with a screening test for chronic stingers and anything < 4.3 mm adds additional confidence as a confirmatory test. These results are approximately 20% more accurate than the classic Torg ratio based on our AUC analysis. It was found that measuring the spinal geometry throughout the length of the subaxial cervical spine produced a more reliable method by which to predict neurological symptoms than the traditional approach of measuring individual levels. This shows that the underlying pathogenesis of the chronic stinger syndrome is best characterized as a process that involves the entire subaxial region uniformly.
Peptide secondary structure mimetics: applications to vaccines and pharmaceuticals. (1996)

An important goal of structural biochemistry is the reduction of complex molecules to small functional units that are amenable to high-resolution structural analysis and rapid modification. The dissection of multidomain proteins into small synthetic conformationally restricted components is an important step in the design of low molecular weight nonpeptides that mimic the activity of the native protein. Mimetics of critical functional domains might possess beneficial properties in comparison to the intact proteinaceous species with regard to specificity and therapeutic potential, and are valuable probes for the study of molecular recognition events, and the development of novel vaccines and pharmaceuticals.
Applications of rare-earth-doped fibres (2002)

Rare-earth-doped fiber lasers and their applications are reviewed. Erbium-doped fiber lasers operating around 1.55 /spl mu/m and thulium-doped fiber lasers operating around 1.9 /spl mu/m are described. Mode-locking, Q-switching, wavelength tuning, and narrow and broad linewidth operation are discussed. Presented applications of fiber lasers include lidar, remote sensing, coherent detection, and fiber gyroscope sources.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
An Investigational Antiviral Drug, DAS181, Effectively Inhibits Replication of Zoonotic Influenza A Virus Subtype H7N9 and Protects Mice From Lethality (2014)

Human infections caused by avian influenza A virus type subtype H7N9 have been associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Emergence of virus variants carrying markers of decreased susceptibility to neuraminidase inhibitors was reported. Here we show that DAS181 (Fludase), an antiviral drug with sialidase activity, potently inhibited replication of wild-type influenza A(H7N9) and its oseltamivir-resistant R292K variants in mice. A once-daily administration initiated early after lethal infection hampered body weight loss and completely protected mice from lethality. We observed a time-dependent effect for 24-72-hour delayed DAS181 treatments on morbidity and mortality. The results warrant further investigation of DAS181 for influenza treatment.
Control of Lysine Reactivity in Four-Helix Bundle Proteins by Site-Selective pKa Depression: Expanding the Versatility of Proteins by Postsynthetic Functionalisation (2002)

Five 42-residue polypeptides have been designed to fold into hairpin helix-loop-helix motifs that dimerize to form four-helix bundles, and to serve as protein scaffolds for the elucidation at the molecular level of the principles that control and fine-tune lysine and ornithine reactivities in a protein context. Site-selective control of Lys and Orn reactivity provides a mechanism for addressing directly individual residues and is a prerequisite for the site-selective functionalization of folded proteins. Several lysine and one ornithine residues were introduced on the surface and in the hydrophobic core of the folded motif. The reactivity of each residue was determined by measuring the degree of acylation of the trypsin cleaved fragments by HPLC and mass spectrometry. The most reactive residues were Orn34 and Lys19, both of which were located in d positions in the heptad repeat, and therefore in hydrophobic environments. Upon reaction of the helix-loop-helix dimer KA-I with one equivalent of mono-p-nitrophenyl fumarate, Orn34 was acylated approximately three times more efficiently than Lys19, whereas Lys10 (b position), Lys15 (g position), and Lys33 (c position) remained unmodified. In the sequence KA-I-A(15) Lys15 was replaced by an alanine residue and the selectivity of Orn34 over Lys19 increased to approximately a factor of six, probably because Lys15 had the capacity to reduce the pK(a) value of Lys19 and 85 % of site-selectively monoacylated product was obtained. The pH dependence of the acylation reaction was determined and showed that the pK(a) of the reactive residues were 9.3, more than a pK(a) unit below the magnitude of the corresponding residue in a solvent exposed position. Introducing Lys and Orn residues into a or d positions of the heptad repeat therefore serves as a mechanism of depressing their pK(a) to increase their reactivity site selectively. Extensive NMR and CD spectroscopic analyses showed that the sequences fold according to prediction.
Gestion de l'eau et dégradation dans les micropiles à combustible planaires (2016)

Les micropiles a combustibles sont envisagees pour remplacer ou prolonger l’autonomie des batteries dans les dispositifs nomades. Dans ce domaine, la miniaturisation tres poussee a abouti a la realisation de prototypes planaires multi-cellules d’une puissance de 3 a 5 W. La difference d’architecture par rapport aux piles a combustibles « classiques », l’absence d’auxiliaires de fonctionnement et l’utilisation direct de l’air ambiant comme reactif amenent de nouvelles problematiques au niveau de la gestion de l’eau produite. Le travail de cette these porte sur la caracterisation de la gestion de l’eau et l’augmentation de la duree de vie d’un systeme de micropiles a combustible planaire « a respiration », a temperature ambiante. L’impact preponderant de la thermique a ete mis en avant, au niveau des points de fonctionnement (noyage aux faibles densites de courant et assechement aux forts courants) comme au niveau local (gradients entre cellules). Les phenomenes d’assechement et de noyage ont ete etudies grâce a l’imagerie neutronique. Un des principaux phenomenes observe est la retrodiffusion d’eau vers l’anode suite une condensation au niveau de la cathode, conduisant a une importante perte de puissance. Une etude de la degradation lors de fonctionnement longue duree a permis de montrer qu’une mauvaise gestion de l’eau favorise la corrosion d’elements metalliques, conduisant a une diminution des performances. Une solution visant a eliminer ces phenomenes a ete developpee et implementee avec succes. L’integration du microporeux developpe lors de cette these a permis d’atteindre une degradation de 0,1 mV/h sur 2500 h de fonctionnement a 3,5 W.
Damping circuit to suppress motor terminal overvoltage and ringing in PWM inverter-fed AC motor drive systems with long motor leads (2002)

This paper proposes an equivalent circuit analysis to suppress overvoltage and ringing in PWM inverter-fed AC motor drive systems where long motor leads are required. Conventional analysis of the phenomenon is based on voltage reflection theory for the terminal end of the long cable. The authors implemented another analytical method using equivalent lumped L and C of the cable, and a transfer function for the equivalent circuit with a simple damping circuit. C-R or L-R damping circuit constants are determined from the nonoscillatory condition of the transfer-function. Digital simulations and experiments are used to verify that a simple damping circuit can satisfactorily suppress overvoltage and ringing in drive system with a long cable such as a 100 m cable.
The Research of Parallel CRC Pipeline Algorithm Based on Matrix Transformation (2012)

According the universal serial cyclic redundancy check (CRC) technology, one of the new CRC algorithm based on matrix is referred, which describe an new parallel CRC coding circuit structure with r matrix transformation and pipeline technology. According to the method of parallel CRC coding in high-speed data transmitting, it requires a lot of artificial calculation. Due to the large amount of calculation, it is easy to produce some calculation error. According to the traditional thought of the serial CRC, the algorithm of parallel CRC based on the thought of matrix transformation and iterative has been deduced and expressed. The improved algorithm by pipeline technology has been applied in other systems which require high timing requirements of problem, The design has been implemented through Verilog hardware description language in FPGA device, which has achieved a good validation. It has become a very good method for high-speed CRC coding and decoding.
Gap Junctions as Common Cause of High-Frequency Oscillations and Epileptic Seizures in a Computational Cascade of Neuronal Mass and Compartmental Modeling (2015)

High frequency oscillations (HFO) appear to be a promising marker for delineating the seizure onset zone (SOZ) in patients with localization related epilepsy. It remains, however, a purely observational phenomenon and no common mechanism has been proposed to relate HFOs and seizure generation. In this work we show that a cascade of two computational models, one on detailed compartmental scale and a second one on neural mass scale can explain both the autonomous generation of HFOs and the presence of epileptic seizures as emergent properties. To this end we introduce axonal–axonal gap junctions on a microscopic level and explore their impact on the higher level neural mass model (NMM). We show that the addition of gap junctions can generate HFOs and simultaneously shift the operational point of the NMM from a steady state network into bistable behavior that can autonomously generate epileptic seizures. The epileptic properties of the system, or the probability to generate epileptic type of activity, increases gradually with the increase of the density of axonal–axonal gap junctions. We further demonstrate that ad hoc HFO detectors used in previous studies are applicable to our simulated data.
Roofs in cold regions : Marson's Store, Claremont, New Hampshire (1980)

A reinforced, single-ply PVC membrane was examined five years after being applied over a leaky, built-up, bituminous membrane. The bare PVC membrane was dirty, poorly drained and littered with broken glass, nails and such, yet no flaws were evident or leaks reported. Even at 0 F the PVC was quite flexible. Diagonal wrinkles at a parapet wall were attributed to workmanship; other observations suggested that membrane shrinkage had not occurred. The membrane has functioned well for five years and appears to be in good condition. (Author)
Synthesis and crystallinity of all-conjugated poly(3-hexylthiophene) block copolymers (2012)

A simplified approach towards the synthesis of high molecular weight (Mw > 50 kg mol−1) poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)-based all-conjugated block copolymers is demonstrated and applied to prepare a series of all-conjugated block copolymers. Grazing-incidence X-ray scattering measurements show that P3HT crystallization is suppressed in all-conjugated block copolymers with low (<25 wt%) P3HT content.
Cerebrospinal fluid as a liquid biopsy for molecular characterization of brain metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (2023)

Our approach of combining ctDNA and exosomal RNA analyses in CSF presents a potential surrogate for BM biopsy. The specific variants that were only observed in the CNS compartments could serve as targets for individually tailored therapies in NSCLC patients with BM.
Poultry Disease Control in California (1949)

BASICALLY, the purpose of any attempt to control diseases of livestock and poultry is the reduction of the economic loss due to pathological conditions. This applies equally whether the abnormalities causing the decreased income are infectious or non-infectious; whether they cause mortality or decreased efficiency of production. Similarly, the difference between disease control and disease eradication is merely a matter of degree. Each attempts to increase the efficiency of production and enable the producer of livestock, poultry, or products of livestock and poultry to have a greater return from the time and money invested. The title of this paper is somewhat misleading, in that one might get the impression that in the State of California we have a single program of disease control. For rather obvious reasons this is not true. Wide variation is found in California. For example, the highest and lowest elevations in the United States are situated . . .
Passive coherent combining of 15 fiber lasers by phase contrast filtering (2013)

This paper has experimentally investigated a new phase contrast filtering technique for synchronizing arrays of 3x3 and 4x4 ytterbium doped fiber lasers. Improvement in terms of power combining stability with respect to most of the standard cavity configurations has been characterized, and changes in the laser spectra as well.
RF/Microwave Interaction Mechanisms in Biological Materials (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Bioelectricity Tissue Characterization Thermodynamics Energy References Problems
Heat Pumping Technologies Magazine - The State of Art of Heat-Pump integrated Thermal Energy Storage for Demand Response (2021)

Heat pump integrated thermal energy storage is analyzed for demand response in grid-interactive buildings. We have reviewed various configurations presented in the literature, in both active and passive storage, and analyzed the reported demand impact, energy savings, and cost savings.
Caractérisation et modélisation causale d'un frein à liquide magnétorhéologique en vue de sa commande (2009)

Magnetorheological fluids are suspensions of micrometric magnetic particles in nonmagnetic fluids. When such a fluid is exposed to a magnetic field, the particles agregate into "chains" which increase the flow resistance highly. In this dissertation, we present the design of a discoid magnetorheological fluid brake and its characterization in two operating cases. In the first one, the brake axis rotates under constant input current, its speed being slowly and repeatedly varied following a triangle shape. The input current is changed during the rest intervals between two triangles. We could observe that the torque must typically increase until a threshold to allow the axis rotation to initiate, then it "falls" and increases again when speed increases. We also noticed that the torque thresholds measured in the first triangles of speed after changing the current differ from the thresholds measured in the following triangles, which repeat. A modelling of the brake, only valid for the maximum permissible current of the brake and in the case that at least one triangle of speed has been performed, was presented. This modelling, which was built up using the Causal Ordering Graph (C.O.G.) formalism, could match the evolution of torque when the rotation of the axis initiates in the first triangle of speed, but not in the following triangles. In the second operating case, the brake axis rotates at constant speed under slowly varying input current. Different plots of the hysteresis of torque versus current were obtained. These plots could be modelled precisely using a 2D Finite-Elements analysis of the brake and a hysteretic behaviour law for steel.