gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic in vivo monitoring of fracture healing process in response to magnesium implant with multimodal imaging: pilot longitudinal study in a rat external fixation model (2022)

Rodent models are commonly used in pre-clinical research of magnesium (Mg)-based and other types of biomaterials for fracture treatment. Most studies selected unstable fixation methods, and there is a lack of multimodal longitudinal <i>in vivo</i> monitoring of bone healing. The purpose of this study is to develop a rat femoral fracture model stabilized by external fixation with intra-medullary Mg implant, and to investigate the dynamic bone union process with several imaging techniques offering complementing insights into the process. Pure Mg pins were prepared, followed by an <i>in vitro</i> degradation test. Male Sprague-Dawley rats in the experimental group underwent femoral osteotomy stabilized by external fixators with intra-medullary implantation of Mg pins, and the control group underwent external fixation without intra-medullary implants. Post-operative radiograph, micro-CT and B-mode ultrasonography were acquired directly after surgery, and re-examined at week 4, 8 and 12. Bone tissue volume, <i>in vivo</i> implant degradation, histological staining and MRI images were analyzed using <i>ex vivo</i> samples. Both groups achieved fracture union at week 12, and the dynamic healing process was illustrated by <i>in vivo</i> radiograph, micro-CT and ultrasonography. Bilateral whole femur <i>ex vivo</i> analysis further demonstrated increased ratio of bone tissue volume in the surgical femur with Mg implants, and <i>in vivo</i> degradation of Mg pins was slower than <i>in vitro</i> results. Titanium screws rather than intra-medullary Mg pins were the source of artifact in MRI. This pilot study showed the rat fracture model with external fixation and intra-medullary Mg implantation to be an effective method for dynamic <i>in vivo</i> monitoring of the bone healing process. Future application of the animal model may facilitate pre-clinical translational research of biodegradable orthopaedic implant materials for fracture treatment.
From almost Gaussian to Gaussian: Bounding differences of differential entropies (2015)

International audience
Regulation of nutrient metabolism by the intestinal flora in colonocytes (2001)

Poster *INRA Laboratoire de Nutrition et securite alimentaire Jouy-en-Josas (FRA) Collation : 1 p. Diffusion du document : INRA Laboratoire de Nutrition et securite alimentaire Jouy-en-Josas (FRA)
Precision control of halo implantation for scaling-down ULSI manufacturing (2005)

This work is a study on process control of halo implants of MOS transistors in the ULSl manufacturing. We present the electrical test data corresponding to halo implant changes on the NMOS and PMOS transistors of a high density, high performance flash memory device of 0.11 /spl mu/m technology node. The device threshold voltage is found to be sensitive to small variations in both implant and wafer orientation angles. It is observed that the PMOS device is more sensitive to angle changes than the NMOS device. A TCAD model is made to simulate the device characteristics and correlate the device performance.
Capacitive Charge-based Self-Sensing for Resonant Electrostatic MEMS mirrors (2020)

This paper proposes capacitive charge-based self-sensing by integration of the comb drive intrinsic displacement current for resonant electrostatic MEMS mirrors in order to solve the problem of robust feedback for laser scanning in mobile light detection and ranging (Lidar) application. A two-channel switched current integrator circuit is implemented to determine the deflection angle and to distinguish the rotation direction from the asymmetric comb drive charge. Parameters of the MEMS mirror are calibrated with the deflection angle by an optical PSD setup. The resonant electrostatic MEMS mirror is parametrically driven by a square wave high voltage signal, which means, that the charge measurement is only available during the time with non-zero drive signal. From the partly available charge measurements, a nonlinear observer is developed to estimate the mirror state at all time for a potential feedback control. The feasibility for online position estimation is proven by simulation using experimental charge and deflection angle measurements resulting in less than 2% error at full amplitude operation. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is discussed for realization of active MEMS mirror feedback control, overcoming imprecise motions due to structural nonlinearities as well as external disturbances like vibration and climate variation.
von Willebrand factor alloantibodies in type 3 von Willebrand disease (2019)

: The development of neutralizing antibodies is a rare complication of von Willebrand disease treatment. In major surgical procedures for severe forms of the disease, the recognition of ineffective therapy and alternative treatment protocols are lifesaving. We report the case of a 6-year-old girl with type 3 von Willebrand disease in whom inhibitors were sought due to ineffective haemostasis together with lower than expected von Willebrand factor (VWF) recoveries after a surgical procedure. Replacement therapy first with recombinant factor VIIa and then with high doses of recombinant factor VIII in continuous infusion successfully stopped the bleeding. A high level of anti-VWF antibodies was determined by the immunological method. A frameshift mutation associated with premature termination codon (c.2435delC, p.Pro812ArgfsTer31) was determined in our patient. Although the reports on association of this mutation with inhibitor risk are inconsistent, it represents an evidence-based diagnostic and management practice in recognition of high-risk VWF genotype.
Amyloidogenic light chains induce cardiomyocyte contractile dysfunction and apoptosis via a non-canonical p38α MAPK pathway (2010)

Patients with primary (AL) cardiac amyloidosis suffer from progressive cardiomyopathy with a median survival of less than 8 months and a 5-year survival of <10%. Contributing to this poor prognosis is the fact that these patients generally do not tolerate standard heart failure therapies. The molecular mechanisms underlying this deadly form of heart disease remain unclear. Although interstitial amyloid fibril deposition of Ig light chain proteins is a major cause of cardiac dysfunction in AL cardiac amyloidosis, we have previously shown that amyloid precursor proteins directly impair cardiac function at the cellular and isolated organ levels, independent of fibril formation. In this study, we report that amyloidogenic light chain (AL-LC) proteins provoke oxidative stress, cellular dysfunction, and apoptosis in isolated adult cardiomyocytes through activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). AL-LC-induced p38 activation was found to be independent of the upstream MAPK kinase, MKK3/6, and instead depends upon transforming growth factor-beta-activated protein kinase-1 binding protein-1 (TAB1)-mediated p38alpha MAPK autophosphorylation. Treatment of cardiomyocytes with SB203580, a selective p38 MAPK inhibitor, significantly attenuated AL-LC-induced oxidative stress, cellular dysfunction, and apoptosis. Our data provide a unique mechanistic insight into the pathogenesis of AL-LC cardiac toxicity and suggest that TAB1-mediated p38alpha MAPK autophosphorylation may serve as an important event leading to cardiac dysfunction and subsequent heart failure.
Collagen fibrils are differently organized in weight-bearing and not-weight-bearing regions of pig articular cartilage (2000)

The magnetic resonance (MR) appearance of the weight-bearing ("loaded") and not-weight-bearing ("unloaded") regions in T(2)-weighted images of pig articular cartilage is different. On the hypothesis that this difference may be ascribed, at least in part, to a different collagen fibre organization in the two regions, this organization was studied using biochemical, histological, and X-ray diffraction methods. While the mean concentrations of collagen and of its cross-links were the same in the two regions, a regular small angle X-ray diffraction pattern was observed only for the habitually "loaded" tissue. It was also seen by light microscopy that the four typical functional zones were well displayed in the "loaded" cartilage whereas they were not clearly depicted in the "unloaded" tissue. Collagen presented a high concentration of fibrils forming an intricate and dense meshwork at the surface of both "loaded" and "unloaded" cartilage. A second zone of high collagen concentration was present at the upper layer of the deep zone of "loaded" cartilage. By contrast, this lamina of highly concentrated fibrils was lacking in "unloaded" cartilage and collagen fibrils appear thinner. Our study proves that the organization of collagen fibres is different for the "loaded" and "unloaded" regions of articular cartilage. It also suggests that this different organization may influence the MR appearance of the tissue. J. Exp. Zool. 287:346-352, 2000.
Modeling Infection and Tropism of Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 in Ferrets (2022)

Human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV-3) is a significant cause of lower respiratory tract infections, with the most severe disease in young infants, immunocompromised individuals, and the elderly. HPIV-3 infections are currently untreatable with licensed therapeutics, and prophylactic and therapeutic options are needed for patients at risk. To complement existing human airway models of HPIV-3 infection and develop an animal model to assess novel intervention strategies, we evaluated infection and transmission of HPIV-3 in ferrets. A well-characterized human clinical isolate (CI) of HPIV-3 engineered to express enhanced green fluorescent protein (rHPIV-3 CI-1-EGFP) was passaged on primary human airway epithelial cells (HAE) or airway organoids (AO) to avoid tissue culture adaptations. rHPIV3 CI-1-EGFP infection was assessed <i>in vitro</i> in ferret AO and in ferrets <i>in vivo</i>. Undifferentiated and differentiated ferret AO cultures supported rHPIV-3 CI-1-EGFP replication, but the ferret primary airway cells from AO were less susceptible and permissive than HAE. <i>In vivo</i> rHPIV-3 CI-1-EGFP replicated in the upper and lower airways of ferrets and targeted respiratory epithelial cells, olfactory epithelial cells, type I pneumocytes, and type II pneumocytes. The infection efficiently induced specific antibody responses. Taken together, ferrets are naturally susceptible to HPIV-3 infection; however, limited replication was observed that led to neither overt clinical signs nor ferret-to-ferret transmission. However, in combination with ferret AO, the ferret model of HPIV-3 infection, tissue tropism, and neutralizing antibodies complements human <i>ex vivo</i> lung models and can be used as a platform for prevention and treatment studies for this important respiratory pathogen. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> HPIV-3 is an important cause of pediatric disease and significantly impacts the elderly. Increasing numbers of immunocompromised patients suffer from HPIV-3 infections, often related to problems with viral clearance. There is a need to model HPIV-3 infections <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> to evaluate novel prophylaxis and treatment options. Currently existing animal models lack the potential for studying animal-to-animal transmission or the effect of immunosuppressive therapy. Here, we describe the use of the ferret model in combination with authentic clinical viruses to further complement human <i>ex vivo</i> models, providing a platform to study approaches to prevent and treat HPIV-3 infection. Although we did not detect ferret-to-ferret transmission in our studies, these studies lay the groundwork for further refinement of the ferret model to immunocompromised ferrets, allowing for studies of severe HPIV-3-associated disease. Such models for preclinical evaluation of prophylaxis and antivirals can contribute to reducing the global health burden of HPIV-3.
Validity of the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire in the palliative care setting: a multi-centre Canadian study demonstrating the importance of the existential domain (1997)

This study was carried out in eight palliative care services in four Canadian cities. A revised version of The McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire (MQOL) is compared to a single-item scale measuring overall quality of life (SIS), and the self-administered version of the Spitzer Quality of Life Index (SA-QLI), to obtain evidence of validity. MQOL total score predicts SIS better than does SA-QLI, although much of the variance remains to be explained. The results of principal components analysis of data using this revised version of MQOL are similar to those from previous MQOL studies with different patient populations. The MQOL subscales, constructed on the basis of principal components analysis, demonstrate acceptable internal consistency reliability. The MQOL measures reflecting physical well-being and existential well-being are important for predicting SIS.
AmpUMI: design and analysis of unique molecular identifiers for deep amplicon sequencing (2018)

AmpUMI is open-source and freely available at http://github.com/pinellolab/AmpUMI.
Load Weight Classification of The Quayside Container Crane Based On K-Means Clustering Algorithm (2017)

The precise knowledge of the load weight of each operation of the quayside container crane is important for accurately assessing the service life of the crane. The load weight is directly related to the vibration intensity. Through the study on the vibration of the hoist motor of the crane in radial and axial directions, we can classify the load using K-means clustering algorithm and quantitative statistical analysis. Vibration in radial direction is significantly and positively correlated with that in axial direction by correlation analysis, which means that we can use the data only in one of the directions to carry out the study improving then the efficiency without degrading the accuracy of load classification. The proposed method can well represent the real-time working condition of the crane.
Worst-Case Analysis of the X-38 Crew Return Vehicle Flight Control System (2001)

A linear fractional transformation (LFT) model of the linearized equation of the lateral-directional axes of the X-38 crew return vehicle is developed to facilitate the analysis of e ight control systems. The LFT model represents uncertainty in nine aerodynamic stability derivatives at a given e ight condition with frequency-domain performance specie cations. The X-38 LFT model combined with a controller at specie c e ight conditions is used to determine the aerodynamic coefe cients that result in the worst-case performance and gain/phase margin of the closed-loop system. The objective is to verify that a given controller remains stable and achieves desired performance objectives for all predee ned aerodynamic variations at select operating conditions along its e ight trajectory.
Reaction of Mo Thin Films on Si (100) Surfaces (1980)

The reaction between Mo thin films and single crystal Si (100) substrates has been studied as a function of various heat‐treatments. In the temperature range between 520° and 550°C, has been observed to grow linearly with time and with an activation energy of about 4.1 eV. X‐ray diffraction indicates that the hexagonal phase of changes continuously to the tetragonal phase as the temperature increases from 600° to 800°C. In contrast, the presence of native oxide prohibits formation of any silicide phases in the above temperature range and leads to the formation of a phase at temperatures near 1000°C. The formation of results in large compressive strains in the layer and in strains of the opposite sign in the underlying Si. In limited reaction areas the corresponding stresses were found to be sufficient to cause the nucleation and propagation of dislocations in the Si substrates. The dislocations are propagated for considerable distances away from the reaction areas. An anomalous growth of silicide occurs at the edges of the reaction areas. These phenomena are shown to result from cumulative stress effects. Stresses enhance the formation of layers, and thereby modify the kinetic laws of growth.
Investigation of Nonlinear Effects in Multitone-Driven Narrow-Linewidth High-Power Amplifiers (2009)

In this paper, we investigate two approaches to multitone seeding of high-power ytterbium-doped amplifiers using a symbolic and numerical code that solves a two-point boundary problem. Optimization of amplifier action through wavelength separation and/or seed power ratios is considered in relation to the two most dominant nonlinear effects: stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and four-wave mixing. One approach uses a large wavelength separation among the input signals, while the other approach entails that the wavelength separation is set to twice the Brillouin shift. Both techniques are shown to mitigate SBS effects, although for the latter case, four-wave mixing sidebands can carry a substantial amount of power.
Preparation of activated carbon from biomass and its’ applications in water and gas purification, a review (2020)

Without pure water, it is impossible to survive for any living beings. The ratio of freshwater on our planet is very poor and the demand is increasing with time for the growing population. Furthermore, water is being contaminated by industrial and agricultural activities, pharmaceuticals, technocratic civilization, pesticides, garments, global changes etc. In addition to this, environmental pollution and global warming are swelling due to the greenhouse and harmful gases generated from the dumping and burning of fossil fuel. Addressing these problems, it is necessary to find out the cost-effective and environmental friendly processes to purify the contaminated water and air. Activated carbons (ACs) are one of the best solutions for removing the pollutants from aqueous and atmosphere as it is the carbonaceous materials with a high degree of porosity, well-developed surface area, and distinguished functional groups which are required for elimination of contaminants. The preparations of activated carbon are easy and safe processes, mainly from the pyrolysis or gasification of biomass with heat and/or chemicals. The recycling and regeneration of activated carbon after use are also essential for resource maintenance and environmental safety. Thus, AC can protect the ecosystem in a double direction by purifying the water and air from the pollutants.
Supplementary Figure Legend from A Randomized Phase II Study of Coexpression Extrapolation (COXEN) with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Bladder Cancer (SWOG S1314; NCT02177695) (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure Legend&lt;/p&gt;
Intense, pulsed, ion-diode sources and their application to mirror machines (2012)

Startup conditions for future mirror fusion experiments require a rapidly formed target plasma of approximately 0.5 coulomb of ions with energy of 50 to 100 keV. Theory suggests that very intense ion-flux emission satisfying these requirements can be extracted from a pulsed ion diode. Developing such sources would be an ideal CTR application of the high-power, single-shot capability of pulsed power technology. Recent experimental results are reviewed in which approximately 2 kA/cm/sup 2/ of D/sup +/ at approximately 50 keV was extracted. In the experiment, an intense relativistic electron beam undergoes many transits through a solid but range-thin anode foil. With each transit the electrons lose energy, causing their trajectories to collapse toward the anode surface. In so doing, the increased space charge extracts an intense ion flux from the anode foil's plasma. Observations are reported on the importance of diode stability. The general agreement between theoretical scaling laws and experimental results are also presented.
EVALUACIÓN DE ESTRATEGIAS DE APRENDIZAJE CON TRANSFERENCIA DIGITAL E INNOVACIÓN EMPRESARIAL PARA LA EFECTIVA DIFUSIÓN DE LOS OBJETIVOS DE DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE EN META COLOMBIA CON AYUDA DE UN MODELO EMPRESARIAL SOSTENIBLE (2023)

La problemática identificada es el deficiente conocimiento sobre los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de la agenda 2030 en el área de Mesetas y Lejanías, en Meta, Colombia. La problemática se resolvió, compartiendo a nivel local, una estrategia de aprendizaje con transferencia digital e innovación empresarial con la participación de estudiantes de grado 10 y 11 y productores rurales de las localidades de estudio de utilidad para la difusión de los ODS en el sector rural del Ariari en Colombia. Se utiliza como modelo un negocio exitoso sostenible y se obtuvieron resultados inherentes a evaluación de efectividad de técnicas para divulgación de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas, así como implantación de estrategias metacognitivas de utilidad para la difusión de los ODS en Meta. Los datos obtenidos en la investigación implican estrategias de apoyo efectivas para autoevaluación y la práctica para consolidación del aprendizaje sobre los ODS.
BURN ENCEPHALOPATHY IN CHILDREN (1972)

Numerous reports suggest that burn encephalopathy has an obscure etiology. It has been our experience, however, that the cause is usually readily discovered. Neurological disturbances ranging from hallucination, personality changes, and delirium to seizures and coma were encountered in 20 children among 140 admitted with acute thermal injury to our unit during a two-year period. Encephalopathy was not restricted to children with the most extensive burns. Hypoxia was the principal determinant in nine of the 20 cases, hypovolemia in one, sepsis in four, hvponatremia in four, while cortical vein thrombosis was the cause of focal seizures in one child. In but a single patient was the cause obscure. Encephalopathy associated with hypertension or hypercalcemia was not encountered. Ten children succumbed to their burns. Only one died as a primary result of his central nervous system insult, the rest having been lost because of uncontrolled infections. All survivors of encephalopathic episodes showed virtually complete neurological recovery despite severe and prolonged symptoms in several of the children.
Experimental Support for and Analysis of Infrared Emission Data from Solid Propellant Combustion Tests (1990)

Abstract : The objective of this program was to analyze infrared emission spectra from solid propellant combustion to obtain a better understanding of the chemical, physical, and radiative processes occurring in these flames. The spectra analyzed were obtained in the High Pressure Combustion Lab. of the Pennsylvania State Univ. using an infrared spectrometer and a strand burner. Comparing measured data with predictive models for emission from a substantial number of molecules whose radiative properties are well known allows determination of temperature and species concentrations in flame hot regions. Observed spectra can also be analyzed to yield radiative parameters for less known radiators. Preliminary work included estimates of flowfield parameters, detailed chemical kinetics calculations to track conversion of initial decomposition products, the construction of line and band radiation models for several molecules. Analysis of observed spectra began with an inspection to determine what molecules contributed spectral features. Several techniques were evaluated which used spectral features to evaluate hot region temperatures. These included using the widths of C02 and H20 bands, the strengths ratios of low resolution H20 bands, and the peak intensities of resolved lines in HCR and HF bands. Relative concentrations were derived for several combustion product molecules which were in accord with propellant compositions. Keywords: Solid rocket propellants.