gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Online Physician Rating Subscores and Association With Overall Satisfaction: Observational Study of 212,933 Providers (Preprint) (2018)

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Online physician rating websites commonly ask consumers to rate providers across multiple physician-based (eg, spending sufficient time, listening) and office-based (eg, appointment scheduling, friendliness) subdimensions of care in addition to overall satisfaction. However, it is unclear if consumers can differentiate between the various rated subdimensions of physicians. It is also unclear how each subdimension is related to overall satisfaction. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> The objectives of our study were to determine the correlation of physician-based and office-based subdimensions of care and the association of each with overall satisfaction. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> We sampled 212,933 providers from the Healthgrades website and calculated average provider metrics for overall satisfaction (likelihood to recommend doctor), physician-based subdimensions (trust in physician, ability to explain, ability to listen and answer questions, and spending adequate time), and office-based subdimensions (ease of scheduling, office environment, staff friendliness, and wait time). We used Spearman rank correlation to assess correlation between subdimension ratings. Factor analysis was used to identify potential latent factors predicting overall satisfaction. Univariate and multivariable linear regression were performed to assess the effect of physician and office-based factors on overall satisfaction. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> Physician-based metrics were highly correlated with each other (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;=.95 to .98, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt;.001), as were office-based metrics (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;=.84 to .88, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt;.001). Correlations between physician-based and office-based ratings were less robust (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;=.79 to .81, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt;.001). Factor analysis identified two factors, clearly distinguishing between physician-based metrics (factor loading = 0.84 to 0.88) and office-based metrics (factor loading = 0.76 to 0.84). In multivariable linear regression analysis, the composite factor representing physician-based metrics (0.65, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.65) was more strongly associated with overall satisfaction than the factor representing office-based metrics (0.42, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.42). These factors eclipsed other demographic variables in predicting overall satisfaction. </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> Consumers do not differentiate between commonly assessed subdimensions of physician-based care or subdimensions of office-based care, but composite factors representing these broader categories are associated with overall satisfaction. These findings argue for a simpler ratings system based on two metrics: one addressing physician-based aspects of care and another addressing office-based aspects of care. </sec>
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Non‐Peptide GPIIb/IIIa Antagonists: Synthesis and Biological Activities of 2‐[4‐[2‐(4‐Amidinobenzoylamino)‐2‐(substituted)acetyl] ‐3‐(2‐methoxy‐2‐oxoethyl)‐2‐oxopiperazinyl]acetic Acids. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Molecular basis for expression of the A48 regulatory idiotope on antibodies encoded by immunoglobulin variable-region genes from various families. (1989)

The idiotype defined by the levan-specific BALB/c myeloma protein ABPC48 (A48) has previously been encountered only in antibodies the variable regions of which derive from the VHX24 and V kappa 10 gene families. We have demonstrated expression of the idiotope recognized by the monoclonal anti-A48 idiotype antibody IDA10 on five monoclonal antibodies from different mouse strains, with different specificities including foreign and self antigens and deriving their variable regions from families other than VHX24 and V kappa 10. We analyzed variable region protein structure (deduced from nucleotide sequences) and hydrophilicity profiles of idiotype+ and idiotype- antibodies. We identified four surface-exposed areas (one in the heavy chain and three in the light chain) that may contribute to expression of the idiotope defined by antibody IDA10.
Control of drum level dynamics in Coal-Fired Boiler-Turbine Units (2019)

Boiler systems face many parametric issues due to inconsistency with grid integrated renewable power generation systems and varying load conditions. In order to achieve an efficient operation of boiler systems, varying conditions such as steam temperature, drum pressure along with drum water level must be controlled. In this paper, a nonlinear model of boiler system is simulated, with feed-water flow and fuel mass rates as the system inputs. A model-free sliding mode controller (MFSMC) is implemented with the simulated model to control the parametric uncertainties. It is observed that the implemented controller improved the performance and robustness of the system irrespective of the perturbations. With the application of the MFSM controller, the system tracks down the desired reference inputs in comparatively lesser time, resulting in smoother responses. The final simulation and results were depicted, discussed, and compared with the fuzzy control system for a better understanding of the developed phenomenon.
Circular dichroism calculation for natural products (2013)

Determination of the absolute configuration (AC) is often a challenging aspect in the structure elucidation of natural products. When chiral compounds possess appropriate chromophore(s), electronic circular dichroism (ECD) may provide a powerful approach to the determination of their absolute configuration. Recently, ECD calculations by time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) have come to be used more commonly. In the present review, we give several examples of recent studies using TDDFT-calculated ECD spectra for the AC determination of natural products.
The Design-Build-Test-Learn cycle for metabolic engineering of Streptomycetes (2021)

Streptomycetes are producers of a wide range of specialized metabolites of great medicinal and industrial importance, such as antibiotics, antifungals, or pesticides. Having been the drivers of the golden age of antibiotics in the 1950s and 1960s, technological advancements over the last two decades have revealed that very little of their biosynthetic potential has been exploited so far. Given the great need for new antibiotics due to the emerging antimicrobial resistance crisis, as well as the urgent need for sustainable biobased production of complex molecules, there is a great renewed interest in exploring and engineering the biosynthetic potential of streptomycetes. Here, we describe the Design-Build-Test-Learn (DBTL) cycle for metabolic engineering experiments in streptomycetes and how it can be used for the discovery and production of novel specialized metabolites.
Laser beam refraction traversely through a graded-index preform to determine refractive index ratio and gradient profile (1979)

A technique is described which permits the determination of geometric and refractive index characteristics of graded-index preforms from measurements of the refraction of rays traced through the preform perpendicular to the preform axis. A computer program was developed to trace rays through graded-index preforms to display the refracting effect of the index properties and relate the ray incidence angle to its deflection in traversing the preform. An experimental apparatus has been developed in which a narrow beam of laser radiation is directed at the preform and its deflection angle measured. Comparison between the experimental results and the ray trace calculations using an interative curve-fitting procedure gave nondestructive determinations of the refractive index ratio Delta and index gradient profile parameter alpha as well as measurement of the core dimensions.
Abstract LB-217: CK2 protein kinase promotes resistance to MAPK pathway inhibition (2014)

Abstract Small molecule kinase inhibitors have opened potential new avenues for treating cancers dependent on the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK MAPK pathway, yet identification of both de novo/innate/intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms will be critical for the successful application of these inhibitors in the clinic. We interrogated the kinome to identify resistance mechanisms towards the novel ERK1/2-selective inhibitor SCH772984. We first utilized a kinome-focused RNAi screen to identify genes that, when silenced, sensitized KRAS-dependent pancreatic cancer cells to SCH772984. In our drug dose-response screen of 711 kinases (QIAGEN library), we used 4 independent siRNA duplexes to knock down each gene, treated at 5 different drug doses, then evaluated viability with a standard CellTiter-Glo assay. Nineteen kinases enhanced sensitivity to SCH772984 (where at least 2 siRNAs for each target decreased IC50) at least 5-fold, indicating that they could drive ERK1/2 inhibitor resistance. Among these were 4 of the 9 protein kinases (Cot, Raf-1, PAK3 and PRKCH) identified in a cDNA expression screen for kinases that caused resistance of BRAF-mutant melanoma to the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib. We therefore hypothesized that at least some of the kinases that scored positive in this screen might be conserved both across the MAPK pathway and across different cancer types. The tetrameric protein kinase CK2 (formerly casein kinase II) has crucial roles in cell survival, proliferation and differentiation, and its expression and/or activity is dysregulated in cancers including melanoma. In very recent studies, we have now determined that the alpha subunit of CK2 is sufficient to cause resistance to each of the three ERK MAPK pathway inhibitors currently approved for treatment of melanoma: vemurafenib (BRAFi), dabrafenib (BRAFi) and trametinib (MEKi). Co-inhibition of the MAPK pathway and CK2 (e.g., with CX-4945, currently in phase I trials) further enhanced sensitivity. Thus, this combination may offer an effective regimen to forestall or delay tumor relapse. We also observed that CK2alpha maintains ERK phosphorylation in the presence of MAPK inhibitors, and that it posttranslationally reduces abundance of the ERK phosphatase DUSP6/MKP-3, in a kinase-dependent manner. The relationship of these findings to CK2-mediated mechanisms of drug resistance will be discussed. Citation Format: Bingying Zhou, Michelle Kassner, Holly Yin, Channing J. Der, Adrienne D. Cox. CK2 protein kinase promotes resistance to MAPK pathway inhibition. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-217. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-217
Dispute Settlement and Sanctity: An Ethiopian Example (1972)

It is proposed in this paper that the sanctified decision, meaning the acceptance of a decision in faith, is an alternative to negotiated or decisions and is the key to understanding the dispute settlement process in some societies. Settlement procedures, the most frequently occurring delicts, and sanctions as applied by the Sidamo of Ethiopia serve to illustrate the sanctity oriented type of society. Examination is also made of the process involved in a shift to the use of judicial power from resolution of disputes by sanctified procedures.
Knockout of REST/NRSF shows that the protein is a potent repressor of neuronally expressed genes in non-neural tissues (1999)

The protein repressor element 1 silencing transcription factor/neuron restrictive silencer factor (REST/NRSF) is a negative regulator of neuronal genes that contain a particular DNA sequence, the neuron restrictive silencer element (NRSE). REST is expressed ubiquitously in non-neural tissues but is down-regulated in neural precursors and turned off in postmitotic neurons, suggesting that it can act both to prevent extraneural expression of certain genes and to delay the differentiation of neuronal subtypes. In a recent paper, Chen et al.(1) describe the production of a null mutant for REST in mice and the mosaic inactivation of REST function in chicken embryos. Knockout of REST led to malformations in several non-neural tissues, as well as apoptosis and embryonic lethality in mice. In addition, the expression of several REST target genes was derepressed in non-neural tissues and in neural progenitors in both mouse and chicken embryos. These studies clearly demonstrate that active repression of tissue-specific genes is required for proper tissue differentiation during embryonic development.
Effects of High Doses of A-74273, a Novel Nonpeptidic and Orally Bioavailable Renin Inhibitor (1993)

Previous studies with peptidic renin inhibitors have shown that high intravenous (i.v.) doses can induce unexpectedly large decreases in blood pressure (BP) that appear to be independent of plasma renin inhibition. A-74273 represents a new class of potent and orally bioavailable nonpeptidic renin inhibitors. We evaluated the BP effects of this renin inhibitor administered orally (p.o.) or i.v. at high doses to conscious salt-depleted dogs. Administration of A-74273 at 30 and 60 mg/kg p.o. (n = 6 per dose) produced similar maximum reductions in BP (-40 +/- 4 vs. -46 +/- 5 mm Hg) despite the occurrence of greater plasma drug concentrations at the higher dose. Duration of hypotension, however, was increased (p < 0.05) from 9 h at 30 mg/kg to 18 h at 60 mg/kg. The initial depressor response to 10 and 30 mg/kg i.v. doses of A-74273 (n = 6 per dose) was comparable, although duration and overall BP response was greater at 30 mg/kg i.v. No BP responses to A-74273 were noted in salt-replete dogs (n = 5). The hypotension produced by 30 mg/kg p.o. A-74273 was completely reversed by norepinephrine (NE 5 micrograms/kg/min; n = 5) or isotonic saline (4 ml/min/kg, n = 5) infusion. These studies demonstrate that high doses of A-74273 result in predictable BP responses that are renin-dependent and reversible. Therefore, large decreases in BP with high doses is not an attribute common to all renin inhibitors but appears to be a function of the structural characteristics specific to a particular compound.
Therapeutic Advances in the Treatment of Cigarette Addiction (1997)

Smoking-related diseases are preventable. Along with behavioral counseling, nicotine replacement therapies improve the chance for a successful attempt at quitting. Many of these nicotine replacement products are available without a prescription. Pharmacists are in a unique position to help decrease the number of smokers by encouraging smokers to quit. Once a patient has made the decision to quit, the pharmacist should discuss the physical and psychological effects of nicotine addiction and withdrawal and provide counseling on behavioral modifications and nicotine replacement products. Pharmacists can offer smoking cessation programs in their practice and will be rewarded for cost-effective management of smoking cessation.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF TRICYCLIC RIBONUCLEOSIDES (1974)

Abstract Das Kaliumsalz des Mercaptoinosins (I) wird mit Dibromalkanen (II) bzw. (V) in Gegenwart von Alkali zu den tricyclischen Verbindungen (III) bzw. (VI) umgesetz Im Falle des Dibrompentans (VII) wird nur ein Bis‐(thioinosyl)‐pentan (VIII) isoli Beim Erhitzen mit alkoholischer Salzsäure wird aus dem Ribonucleosid (III) der Ribofuranosylrest unter Bildung des Dihydrothiazolopurinons (IV) abgespalten.
Naphthyridine-based thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters for multi-color organic light-emitting diodes with low efficiency roll-off (2019)

1,8-Naphthyridine-based TADF molecules were utilized as a new kind of emitter for multi-color OLEDs with low efficiency roll-off.
Investigations on bonding wire array for interconnect of RFICs (2012)

In this paper, analytical Moment Method (MoM) is used as one method for analyzing the equivalence between a flat solid rectangular plate and an array of bond wires. In addition, fuzzy Electromagnetism (EM) method is firstly used to derive the formulas of the inductance and capacitance of bonding wire array. To verify the validity and accuracy of proposed formulas for the bonding wire array, several structures with different numbers of bonding wires have been analyzed and simulated. Very good agreements can be found between the simulated S-parameters from the structures and that of the corresponding equivalent circuits. The proposed formulas can be used effectively in the design of practical bonding wire array in internal matching of transistors and IC packaging etc.
Diffusion propagator as a probe of the structure of porous media (1992)

We propose a simple ansatz that relates the diffusion propagator for the molecules of a fluid confined in a porous medium to the pore-space structure factor. Theoretical arguments and numerical simulations show that it works well for both periodic and disordered geometries. The ansatz allows us to deconvolve structural data from momentum dependent pulsed field gradient spin-echo data.
Studies on Diluents for Erythrocyte Count in Domestic Animals (1962)

1. When Hayem's solution containing 0-1.0% HgCl2 was used in microscopical examination the blood, clumps of erythrocytes appeared more of less in all kinds of animals. They were very large in number in the blood of goats, not so large in that of sheep and swine, and very small that of horses, cattle, and dogs.2. It was thought that such clump had been caused in the diluted blood of horses and cattle mainly by some factors existing in the blood plasma and in that of sheep, goats, swine, and dogs by some factors in the erythrocytes.3. There were the following relations between the concentration of HgC12 in Hayem's solution and the species of animals in which hemolysis occurred when such solution had been used as diluent: under 0.25% in cattle, under 0.05% horses and dogs, and under 0.01% in goats, sheep, and swine.4. Taking the clumping of erythrocytes and hemolysis into consideration, the optimum concentrations of HgC12 in Hayem's solution are as fallows; 0.25-1.0% for horses and dogs, 0.5% for cattle, and 0.05% for sheep, goats, and swine.5. No clumping occurred in physiologic saline solution at all, but hemolysis appeared in the blood diluted with this solution in all domestic animals examined in a short time. Therefore, physiologic saline solution cannot be a suitable diluent for erythrocytes of domestic animals.6. When blood was diluted with Gowers' solution, no clumping nor hemolysis occurred for 24 hours. So, this solution can be recommended as a satisfactory diluent.7. Toisson's solution caused no clumping but sometimes hemolysis especially in swine.
Design, Development and Utility of Glycosyl Donors Bearing an Acetoxymethoxy Leaving Group (1998)

Abstract Novel glycosyl donors 2d, 4d and 6d bearing an ‘acetoxy methoxy’ leaving group have been prepared and their utility is shown by coupling them with alcohols A-G to obtain di- and trisaccharides by use of BF3-Et2O as a promoter.
Role of Gas Type on Foam Transport in Porous Media (2016)

We present the results of an experimental investigation of the effect of gas type and composition on foam transport in porous media. Steady-state foam strengths with respect to three cases of distinct gases and two cases containing binary mixtures of these gases were compared. The effects of gas solubility, the stability of lamellae, and the gas diffusion rate across the lamellae were examined. Our experimental results showed that the steady-state foam strength is inversely correlated with the gas permeability across a liquid lamella, a parameter that characterizes the rate of mass transport. The results are also in good agreement with existing observations that the foam strength for a mixture of gases is correlated with the less soluble component. Three hypotheses with different predictions of the underlying mechanism that explain the role of gas type and composition in foam strength are discussed in detail.
Uptake of Quercetin and Quercetin 3-Glucoside from Whole Onion and Apple Peel Extracts by Caco-2 Cell Monolayers (2004)

Evidence suggests that regular consumption of fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and phytochemicals from fruits and vegetables may be responsible for this health benefit. However, there is limited knowledge on the bioavailability of specific phytochemicals from whole fruits and vegetables. This study used Caco-2 cells to examine uptake of quercetin aglycon and quercetin 3-glucoside as purified compounds and from whole onion and apple peel extracts. Pure quercetin aglycon was absorbed by the Caco-2 cells in higher concentrations than quercetin 3-glucoside (p < 0.05). Caco-2 cells treated with quercetin 3-glucoside accumulated both quercetin 3-glucoside and quercetin. Caco-2 cells absorbed more onion quercetin aglycon than onion quercetin 3-glucoside (p < 0.05), and the percentage of onion quercetin absorbed was greater than that of pure quercetin, most likely due to enzymatic hydrolysis of quercetin 3-glucoside and other quercetin glucosides found in the onion by the Caco-2 cells. Caco-2 cells absorbed low levels of quercetin 3-glucoside from apple peel extracts, but quercetin aglycon absorption was not detected. Caco-2 cell homogenates demonstrated both lactase and glucosidase activities when incubated with lactose and quercetin 3-glucoside, respectively. This use of the Caco2 cell model appears to be a simple and useful system for studying bioavailability of whole food phytochemicals and may be used to assess differences in bioavailability between foods.
Risk Factors for Colistin-Resistant Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Postacute Care Setting (2022)

We assessed risk factors for colistin resistance among carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (CRKP) from 375 patients in long-term acute care hospitals. Recent colistin or polymyxin B exposure was associated with increased odds of colistin resistance (adjusted odds ratio = 1.11 per day of exposure, 95% confidence interval = 1.03-1.19, <i>P</i> = .007).
Diversity of spatiotemporal coding reveals specialized visual processing streams in the mouse cortex (2022)

The cerebral cortex contains diverse neural representations of the visual scene, each enabling distinct visual and spatial abilities. However, the extent to which representations are distributed or segregated across cortical areas remains poorly understood. By determining the spatial and temporal responses of >30,000 layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons, we characterize the functional organization of parallel visual streams across eight areas of the mouse cortex. While dorsal and ventral areas form complementary representations of spatiotemporal frequency, motion speed, and spatial patterns, the anterior and posterior dorsal areas show distinct specializations for fast and slow oriented contrasts. At the cellular level, while diverse spatiotemporal tuning lies along a continuum, oriented and non-oriented spatial patterns are encoded by distinct tuning types. The identified tuning types are present across dorsal and ventral streams. The data underscore the highly specific and highly distributed nature of visual cortical representations, which drives specialization of cortical areas and streams.