gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative Coronary Angiography Using Fluorescein: Basic Studies and Clinical Application (1992)

To improve the safety and reliability of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), intraoperative coronary angiography using fluorescein was investi gated both experimentally and clinically. Results. In experiments using mongrel dogs, the optimal procedures were determined to be as follows. 1. Complete all distal anastomoses. 2. Under the illumination of a 6-watt black light hung 10 cm above the heart, 0.06% fluorescein (0.5 mg/kg BW) is injected as a bolus from the proximal end of the graft. Histologically the direct injection of fluorescein into the coronary artery was shown to cause no injury to the vascular wall. In clinical application, the distribution of the graft flow, the area perfused through the graft, and the patency of the anastomoses were well evaluated in real time by observing the fluorescence. Unexpected narrowing of the anasto mosis and the maldistribution of graft flow were detected in 2 patients by this examination during cardioplegic arrest, and the necessity for additional graft ing, as well as the extent of revascularization, could be evaluated on the operat ing table. It was concluded that intraoperative coronary angiography using fluorescein rapidly provided essential information for the real-time evaluation of CABG surgery without any side effects.
Unusual Applications of Ultrasound in Industry (2016)

The application of physical acoustics in industry has been accelerated by increased understanding of the physics of industrial processes, coupled with rapid advancements in transducers, microelectronics, data acquisition, signal processing, and related software fields. This has led to some unusual applications of ultrasound to improve industrial processes.
Structure–Uptake Relationship Studies of Oxazolidinones in Gram-Negative ESKAPE Pathogens (2022)

The clinical success of linezolid for treating Gram-positive infections paired with the high conservation of bacterial ribosomes predicts that if oxazolidinones were engineered to accumulate in Gram-negative bacteria, then this pharmacological class would find broad utility in eradicating infections. Here, we report an investigative study of a strategically designed library of oxazolidinones to determine the effects of molecular structure on accumulation and biological activity. <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> strains with varying degrees of compromise (in efflux and outer membrane) were used to identify motifs that hinder permeation across the outer membrane and/or enhance efflux susceptibility broadly and specifically between species. The results illustrate that small changes in molecular structure are enough to overcome the efflux and/or permeation issues of this scaffold. Three oxazolidinone analogues (<b>3e</b>, <b>8d</b>, and <b>8o</b>) were identified that exhibit activity against all three pathogens assessed, a biological profile not observed for linezolid.
A measurement system for determining inductor losses in inverters in the MHz range (2006)

Inductors in resonant inverters are exposed to high currents and frequencies. As a consequence, the high losses occurring in these components are usually the most significant loss factor for the entire circuit and thus limit the efficiency and size of the power electronic system. Little attention is given to this fact in many publications on inverters in the MHz range due to the wide use of air-core coils. However, these lead to relatively large sizes and thus to problems of electromagnetic compatibility. To optimize an HF inverter with respect to size and losses, therefore, it is necessary to measure the losses of a specific coil design based on a suitable core material. However, standard measurement methods have the drawback of either being very complex or measuring the losses only with a small excitation. But to determine the losses that occur in practice requires a measurement system that can be used both at high core frequencies and excitations. Such a measurement is needed particularly if the core manufacturer provides insufficient or no material data in the relevant frequency and excitation range. This paper therefore describes a simple measurement method for determining the losses in an inductor on the basis of a damped oscillation that can be used up to frequencies in the MHz range and for excitations of several amperes. Experimental results are given and compared with analytical loss calculations based on manufacturer data.
Communication mechanism for automatic identification system (2005)

Automatic Identification (AIS) System is becoming one of the most important information systems for navigation. How to make full use of communication power of AIS is a very important issue for navigation research. This paper proposes such a communication mechanism, if the communication system is combined with navigation mode (route searching mode), it will raises the efficiency of the ship’s traffic system.
Higienización de huevo líquido por ultrasonidos y calor (1999)

El consumo de ovoproductos, especialmente el de huevo liquido entero, esta aumentando en los paises desarrollados, en detrimento del huevo cascara. Desafortunadamente, ninguno de los tratamientos termicos de pasterizacion actualmente aplicados permiten obtener un producto totalmente satisfactorio, es decir, con las suficientes garantias sanitarias, estabilidad y calidad funcional. El objetivo final de esta investigacion consistio en la puesta a punto de un nuevo sistema de higienizacion del huevo, mediante el uso de los ultrasonidos y del calor. Para ello fue necesario determinar la resistencia al calor y a los ultrasonidos bajo presion de las tres serovariedades de Salmonella de mayor interes en el huevo (S. tyhpimurium, S. enteritidis y S. senftenberg 775W), y como se modificaban con los diversos factores medioambientales (temperatura y tiempo de incubacion, pH del medio de tratamiento, composicion del medio de tratamiento y choques termicos) y parametros de tratamiento (amplitud de las ondas ultrasonicas, presion hidrostatica y temperatura). El comportamiento de S. senfteng frente al calor fue muy distinto del de las otras dos cepas, ya que los alimentos producian una estabilizacion de su membrana externa que le protegia frente a la muerte termica. Tambien los choques termicos, especialmente los anisotermicos eran capaces de proteger a S. senftenberg frente al calor, incrementando notablemente su termorresistencia, lo que sugiere que los modernos metodos de ultrapasterizacion industrial del huevo (con una fase de calentamiento prolongada) podrian tener un margen de seguridad sanitaria inferior al esperado. Sin embargo, todos estos factores, que si protegian a las celulas de Salmonella frente al calor, no lo hacian frente a los ultrasonidos bajo presion, por lo que se diseno un proceso de higienizacion por ultrasonidos y calor. Este proceso permitio obtener un huevo liquido de ca
The origin of fine structure in near-field scanning optical lithography of an electroactive polymer (2008)

Near-field scanning optical lithography (NSOL) has been used to produce arbitrary structures of the electroactive polymer polyphenylenevinylene at sizes comparable to optical wavelengths, which are of interest for integrated optical devices. The structures are characterized using AFM and SEM and exhibit interesting fine structure. The characteristic size and shape of the lithographic features and their associated fine structure have been examined in the context of the electric field distribution at the near-field scanning optical microscope tip. In particular, the Bethe–Bouwkamp model for electric field distribution at an aperture has been used in combination with a recently developed model for precursor solubility dependence on UV energy dose to predict the characteristics of lithographic features produced by NSOL. The fine structure in the lithographic features is also investigated and explained. Suggestions for the further improvement of the technique are made.
HoldemML: A Framework to generate No Limit Hold'em Poker Agents from Human Player Strategies (2011)

Developing computer programs that play Poker at human level is considered to be challenge to the A.I research community, due to its incomplete information and stochastic nature. Due to these characteristics of the game, a competitive agent must manage luck and use opponent modeling to be successful at short term and therefore be profitable. In this paper we propose the creation of No Limit Hold'em Poker agents by copying strategies of the best human players, by analyzing past games between them. To accomplish this goal, first we determine the best players on a set of game logs by determining which ones have higher winning expectation. Next, we define a classification problem to represent the player strategy, by associating a game state with the performed action. To validate and test the defined player model, the HoldemML framework was created. This framework generates agents by classifying the data present on the game logs with the goal to copy the best human player tactics. The created agents approximately follow the tactics from the counterpart human player, thus validating the defined player model. However, this approach proved to be insufficient to create a competitive agent, since the generated strategies were static, which means that they are easy prey to opponents that can perform opponent modeling. This issue can be solved by combining multiple tactics from different players. This way, the agent switches the tactic from time to time, using a simple heuristic, in order to confuse the opponent modeling mechanisms.
Enhancement of Liquid Flow Through a Porous Medium by Ultrasonic Radiation (1998)

Abstract A new method to enhance the oil production rate is irradiation of the near-wellbore region by an ultrasonic source. The limited success for the application of ultrasound in well stimulation to date, however, is due to the lack of understanding of the physical mechanisms between an acoustic wave field and a porous medium. In this paper the mechanism in which ultrasonic radiation deforms the walls of the pores in the shape of travelling transversal waves, is studied. A quantitative description of the mechanism indicates that these waves induce a net flow of the liquid inside the pores, identical to peristaltic transport. Numerical calculations show a damping effect of liquid compressibility and a strong influence of pore wall hardness and power output on the net flow rate induced. The occurrence of a flow induced by ultrasound has been confirmed by laboratory experiments. In these experiments a water velocity of almost 1 cm/s through a rubber capillary of 0.15 mm radius could be induced by an ultrasonic source of frequency of 20 kHz. By a comparison between the trends observed in the experiments and the theoretically predicted trends, the role of the peristaltic transport mechanism in acoustic well stimulation is discussed. P. 239
FAILURE OF INDUCED PLASMA VOLUME EXPANSION TO ALTER THE THERMOREGULATORY RESPONSE TO PROLONGED CYCLE EXERCISE (1998)

1312 To define the isolated effect of an increase in plasma volume (PV), commonly observed with short-term training, on thermogregulatory function during prolonged exercise, we have induced an increase in PV using either Dextran (6%) or Pentispan (10%). Eight untrained males (˙VO2max = 43.9±1.4 ml/kg/min), cycled for 90 min on two occasions, either with no PV expansion (CON) or immediately following a calculated 15.8% increase in PV(EXP). Both conditions, performed in random order and separated by at least 7 days, resulted in a progressive drift (P<0.05) in core temperature(1.53±.10 °C) and heart rate (91.7±4.5 b/min) in the absence of a change in exercise ˙VO2. No difference was found between conditions for T. In contrast, exercise cardiac output (CO) and stroke volume(SV) were persistently elevated (P<0.05) while heart rate was reduced in EXP compared to CON. It is concluded that acutely induced PV expansion does not altar the thermoregulatory response to prolonged exercise. Since mean arterial pressure was not different between conditions, it is postulated that the decreased vascular resistance results in an increase in blood flow to the working muscles to offset the dilutionary reduction in arterial 02 content.
Studies on Shinshiki Shoyu (Semi-chemical Soy Sauce). Part II (1960)

新式分解液,中和液,熟成液を中性でエーテル抽出し,得られたカルボニル化舎物の2, 4-DNPHをアルミナを用いた液体クロマトグラフィーにより分離し,フルフラール,メチルフルフラール,ハイドロオキシメチルフルフラール,アセトアルデヒドの存在を確認,定量した.フルフラールは塩酸分解により大量生成するが中和後急減して微量となり,逆にアセトアルデヒドが生成し之は熟成中更に増加する.
Off-Line Calibration of Autonomous Wheeled Mobile Robots (2018)

Wheeled mobile robots (WMRs) are very interesting regarding different applications from in-house activities in assisting elderly people and patients to space exploration. While the design concept and the application of the WMRs determine specifications of the robot, the positional errors occur during the WMR motion. The positional errors are inevitable, as they are caused by imperfections in design to fabrication; therefore, there is a need to rectify them using calibration techniques such as odometry, camera-based error detection, or using gyroscope and compasses. This chapter focuses on the use of odometry as it provides improved short-term accuracy with high sampling rates while it is more economical and requires fewer landmarks to localize the WMR. The context provides an overview of WMRs mechanisms, differential and omnidirectional drive, and then introduces an odometry-based method to correct the motion of both types of WMRs. Experimental results on four robots exhibited that positional error was significantly improved. Using analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, the authors could not detect any change in error improvement when the robot changed.
Effects of different protein and carbohydrate contents on growth and survival of juveniles of southern Chilean freshwater crayfish, Samastacus spinifrons (2017)

In cultivated aquatic organisms nutritional requirements are critical, not only for their impact on production techniques, but also, for their high incidence on production costs. There is limited knowledge on some species such as the southern Chilean freshwater crayfish, Samastacus spinifrons. In order to generate practical knowledge, a study was carried out to determine protein and carbohydrate content requirements. These factors were evaluated upon their effects on growth and survival of juveniles. For this purpose, individual weight, biomass gain, survival, and feed conversion parameters were measured. The assay was carried out in 42 days, It was conducted in a flow through system, using 21 plastic tanks of 10.6 L capacity. Each tank was seeded with 20 juveniles weighing 50 mg average each. A 3x2 factorial design was proposed with three protein contents (20, 30, 40%) and two carbohydrate contents (low: from 16.3 to 23.5% and high: from 34.6 to 35.8%). Six treatments and three replicates were performed. Individuals were fed on apparent satiation once a day. The diets formulated with 30% of protein and the two carbohydrate contents resulted in higher biomass increases, food conversion efficiencies over 26%, and specific growth rate of 0.78%, all displaying significant differences. Survival showed highly significant differences; in all diets were superior to 60%, however the diets with 30% of protein surpassed 90%.
An in vitro Culture System used to Investigate Possible Interactions between the Embryo Proper and the Suspensor in Embryogenesis in Japanese Larch (Larix leptolepis GORDON) (2004)

It has been proposed that the suspensor has important roles in early embryogenesis in seed plants. However, the roles of the suspensor are not well understood, because the development of zygotic embryos normally occurs deep within both the endosperm and the maternal cells. In this paper, we report the development of an in vitro culture system to investigate the roles of the suspensor in the development of the embryo proper, using a somatic embryogenesis system with Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis GORDON). Our results indicate that the suspensor is essential for the normal development of somatic embryos of this species. This method provides a useful experimental system to investigate the interactions between the embryo proper and the suspensor.
Shadow fading in mobile radio channel (2002)

A mobile radio channel is usually characterized by superposition of three independent components which reflect small-, medium-, and large-scale propagation effects. The contributions of each of these components are considered. Emphasis is made on the effect of shadow fading (the medium-scale propagation component), which is important in handover decision making in cellular networks.
Prevalence of antibody to influenza C virus among pigs in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan (1991)

The prevalence of influenza C virus among pigs in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan, was investigated by serological techniques. Out of 240 sera tested, 45 (19%) showed haemagglutination inhibition (HI) to influenza C virus. Pig sera with high HI titres also scored high in neutralization tests and ELISAs. When fractionated by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation, the HI/ELISA reactivities corresponded to antibodies of the IgM and IgG classes. Radioimmunoprecipitation tests revealed that some, but not all, of the pig sera with high HI activities precipitated HEF glycoprotein of influenza C virus. These results suggested that the HI activities of pig sera in Hyogo Prefecture were due to the presence of antibody to influenza C virus. Sera with IgM class antibody to influenza C virus were found throughout the year. However, the question of whether or not pigs serve as a natural reservoir for human influenza C virus still remains to be solved.
Spray pyrolysis of CZTS nanoplatelets (2014)

We demonstrate that copper-zinc-tin-sulphide nanoplatelets can be directly grown onto a molybdenum-coated substrate using spray pyrolysis starting from a mixture of metal thiocarbamates precursors. The structure and phase purity of the nanoplatelets is discussed in detail.
Extended Lifetime of Organic Field‐Effect Transistors Encapsulated with Titanium Sub‐Oxide as an ‘Active’ Passivation/Barrier Layer (2009)

A thin capping layer of titanium sub-oxide (TiOx) prepared by sol–gel synthesis from titanium alkoxides extends the lifetime of organic FETs. The TiOx layer functions as an ‘active’ passivation/barrier layer that actually removes oxygen and water vapor from the organic semiconductor. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in the lifetime of organic field-effect transistors when exposed to air.
Dynamic Behavior of Intermediate Adsorbates to Control Activity and Product Selectivity in Heterogeneous Catalysis: Methanol Decomposition on Pt/TiO2(110) (2023)

Dynamic behavior of intermediate adsorbates, such as diffusion, spillover, and reverse spillover, has a strong influence on the catalytic performance in oxide-supported metal catalysts. However, it is challenging to elucidate how the intermediate adsorbates move on the catalyst surface and find active sites to give the corresponding products. In this study, the effect of the dynamic behavior of methoxy intermediate on methanol decomposition on a Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub>(110) surface has been clarified by combination of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The methoxy intermediates were formed by the dissociative adsorption of methanol molecules on Pt nanoparticles at room temperature followed by spillover to the TiO<sub>2</sub>(110) support surface. TPD results showed that the methoxy intermediates were thermally decomposed at >350 K on the Pt sites to produce CO (dehydrogenation) and CH<sub>4</sub> (C-O bond scission). A decrease of the Pt nanoparticle density lowered the activity for the decomposition reaction and increased the selectivity toward CH<sub>4</sub>, which indicates that the reaction is controlled by diffusion and reverse spillover of the methoxy intermediates. Time-lapse STM imaging and DFT calculations revealed that the methoxy intermediates migrate on the five-fold coordinated Ti (Ti<sub>5c</sub>) sites along the [001] or <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mo>[</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mover><mml:mi>1</mml:mi><mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover><mml:mn>0</mml:mn><mml:mo>]</mml:mo></mml:math> direction with the aid of hydrogen adatoms bonded to the bridging oxygens (O<sub>br</sub>) and can move over the entire surface to seek and find active Pt sites. This work offers an in-depth understanding of the important role of intermediate adsorbate migration in the control of the catalytic performance in oxide-supported metal catalysts.
Optimizing energy and performance for server-class file system workloads (2010)

Recently, power has emerged as a critical factor in designing components of storage systems, especially for power-hungry data centers. While there is some research into power-aware storage stack components, there are no systematic studies evaluating each component's impact separately. Various factors like workloads, hardware configurations, and software configurations impact the performance and energy efficiency of the system. This article evaluates the file system's impact on energy consumption and performance. We studied several popular Linux file systems, with various mount and format options, using the FileBench workload generator to emulate four server workloads: Web, database, mail, and fileserver, on two different hardware configurations. The file system design, implementation, and available features have a significant effect on CPU/disk utilization, and hence on performance and power. We discovered that default file system options are often suboptimal, and even poor. In this article we show that a careful matching of expected workloads and hardware configuration to a single software configuration—the file system—can improve power-performance efficiency by a factor ranging from 1.05 to 9.4 times.
Single Event Effects Testing on the SERDES, Fabric Flip-Flops and PLL in a Radiation-Hardened Flash-Based FPGA-RT4G150 (2016)

Heavy-ion beam is used to perform Single Event Effects testing on the Flash-based and radiation hardened FPGA, the RT4G150 device. Soft errors due to SEU and SET in the fabric Flip-Flops and PLL generated clocks are measured and analyzed. SEFIs in PLL and SERDES are also observed.
Histamine as an emergent indoor contaminant: Accumulation and persistence in bed bug infested homes (2018)

Histamine is used in bronchial and dermal provocation, but it is rarely considered an environmental risk factor in allergic disease. Because bed bugs defecate large amounts of histamine as a component of their aggregation pheromone, we sought to determine if histamine accumulates in household dust in bed bug infested homes, and the effects of bed bug eradication with spatial heat on histamine levels in dust. We collected dust in homes and analyzed for histamine before, and up to three months after bed bug eradication. Histamine levels in bed bug infested homes were remarkably high (mean = 54.6±18.9 μg/100 mg of sieved household dust) and significantly higher than in control homes not infested with bed bugs (mean < 2.5±1.9 μg/100 mg of sieved household dust). Heat treatments that eradicated the bed bug infestations failed to reduce histamine levels, even three months after treatment. We report a clear association between histamine levels in household dust and bed bug infestations. The high concentrations, persistence, and proximity to humans during sleep suggest that bed bug-produced histamine may represent an emergent contaminant and pose a serious health risk in the indoor environment.