gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Calibration of Antenna for EMI Measurements in Compact Semi-anechoic Rooms (2008)

Abstract- The accurate knowledge of the antenna factor is a fundamental requirement for reliable electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) measurements in emissions, immunity and human exposure tests. According to international standards, this would imply calibrating antennas in close-to-ideal test sites (calibration test sites), characterized by very large sizes of the ground plane and of the empty space volume above it (free-space behaviour). On the other hand the greater number of EMC test sites is designed for measurements at 3 meters distance, therefore it would be very convenient to calibrate antennas in such facilities at the cost of an acceptable loss of accuracy. In this paper, the authors investigate on the suitability of compact (standard compliant for measurements at 3 m) semi-anechoic rooms for reliable antenna factor calibrations of EMI antennas. As an example, the calibration of a common broadband biconical antenna in the range 200 MHz-1 GHz has been considered. A detailed experimental analysis was performed for estimating all the involved uncertainty components. I.
Agricultural Sustainability: Microbial Biofertilizers in Rhizosphere Management (2021)

The world’s human population continues to increase, posing a significant challenge in ensuring food security, as soil nutrients and fertility are limited and decreasing with time. Thus, there is a need to increase agricultural productivity to meet the food demands of the growing population. A high level of dependence on chemical fertilizers as a means of increasing food production has damaged the ecological balance and human health and is becoming too expensive for many farmers to afford. The exploitation of beneficial soil microorganisms as a substitute for chemical fertilizers in the production of food is one potential solution to this conundrum. Microorganisms, such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and mycorrhizal fungi, have demonstrated their ability in the formulation of biofertilizers in the agricultural sector, providing plants with nutrients required to enhance their growth, increase yield, manage abiotic and biotic stress, and prevent phytopathogens attack. Recently, beneficial soil microbes have been reported to produce some volatile organic compounds, which are beneficial to plants, and the amendment of these microbes with locally available organic materials and nanoparticles is currently used to formulate biofertilizers to increase plant productivity. This review focuses on the important role performed by beneficial soil microorganisms as a cost-effective, nontoxic, and eco-friendly approach in the management of the rhizosphere to promote plant growth and yield.
Yellow light dilemma zone researches: a review (2014)

The yellow light dilemma zone is widely known as an area on the high-speed intersection approach, where vehicles neither safely stop before the stop line nor proceed through the intersection during amber interval. Within such an area, a vehicle might be involved in a right-angle crash or rear-end collision. This issue has been extensively discussed over five decades in traffic engineering field, covering from theory to practice. However, few comprehensive review literatures on the amber signal dilemma zone problems can be found. The objective of this paper is to summarize the evolution of yellow light dilemma zone researches. Basic definition and boundary of dilemma zone followed by driver behavior and dilemma zone hazard measurement are depicted. At last, the future directions of yellow light dilemma zone research are discussed.
Improved efficiency for respiratory motion compensation in three-dimensional flow measurements (2013)

Background Phase contrast (PC) CMR is clinically used for in-vivo assessment of blood flow in cardiovascular disease [1]. Typically, a through-plane 2D acquisition is performed for evaluating the blood flow. Recently, 3D time-resolved PC CMR has been used for quantification and visualization of the blood flow in all three directions of a volume [2]. However, such acquisitions require long scan times, which are further prolonged by the need for respiratory motion compensation, typically using respiratory navigators. In this study, we hypothesized that respiratory gating the center of k-space only will yield similar measurements to a fully respiratory-gated acquisition, since the phase information is mainly coming from the central k-space, and evaluated these two gating approaches.
Outils pour l’optimisation structurelle d’assemblages de structures 3D en contexte incertain (2009)

International audience
The effects of inlet liner configuration and septum purge flow rate on discrimination in splitless injection (1993)

Abstract An unmodified split/splitless inlet system using forward‐pressure controlled pneumatics was operated in splitless injection mode with several inlet liners under a range of septum purge flow rates. The relative recovery (discrimination) of hydrocarbons ranging from n ‐C 8 to n ‐C 20 depended strongly upon the injected sample volume with open‐ended liners at high septum purge flow rates of e.g. 50 mL/min. Little or no discrimination was observed at septum purge flows of 2–3 mL/min. The same inlet was also operated in a back‐pressure regulated configuration that produced mass discrimination similar to that observed with the higher septum purge flows in the forward‐pressure configuration. An inlet liner with a restricted inlet and outlet gave mass‐discrimination levels independent of septum purge flow rate, but in the reverse sense of that observed with open‐ended liners. Preferential volatile‐component losses out of the inlet liner to the septum purge vent are principally responsible for the observed mass discrimination with openended liners, while mass‐dependent losses with doubly‐restricted liners seem due to slow sample evaporation.
Maternal residential exposure to agricultural pesticides and birth defects in a 2003 to 2005 North Carolina birth cohort (2016)

Our results provide some evidence of associations between residential exposure to agricultural pesticides and several birth defects phenotypes. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:240-249, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
New Omega-3 Derivatives Reduce Airway Inflammation and Prevent Rho-Kinase Activation in an Allergic Model of Asthma (2012)

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airways disease characterized by early and late asthmatic reactions that are associated with infiltration and activation of inflammatory cells in the airways. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness to a variety of stimuli is part of the symptomology which include neurotransmitters and inflammatory mediators. Omega-3 fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are known to reduce inflammation in the lung. In the present study, we synthesized new omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n3-PUFA) derivatives, namely DHA monoglyceride (MAG-DHA) and EPA monoglyceride (MAG-EPA), and investigated their effects on lung inflammation and RhoA activation in an in vivo guinea pig model of allergic asthma. Histological analyses and leukocyte count in bronchoalveolar lavages revealed that oral MAG-DHA and MAG-EPA treatments led to less inflammatory cell recruitment in the lung of ovalbumine (OVA)-sensitized guinea pigs when compared to lung from control animals. Results also revealed a reduction in mucus production in OVA-sensitized animals treated with either MAG-DHA or MAG-EPA. Moreover, per os n-3 PUFA administrations prevented NFkB activation and COX2 over-expression in OVA-sensitized animals. Mechanical tension measurements revealed that oral MAG-DHA and MAG-EPA treatments prevented U-46619-induced bronchial hyperresponsiveness in OVA-sensitized guinea pigs. MAG-DHA and MAG-EPA also prevented U-46619-induced Ca 2+ hypersensitivity of bronchial smooth muscle through a decrease in RhoA activation. Together, these findings provide key evidences regarding the mode of action of MAG-DHA and MAG-EPA in the lung and point to new potential therapeutic strategies for modulating inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma.
Establishment of two human renal cell carcinoma cell lines with different chemosensitivity. (1996)

Two cell lines, SKR1 and NKK1, were established from renal cell carcinomas (RCC) with different histopathologic characteristics: SKR1 from grade 3, solid type, pleomorphic cell type carcinoma in a 66-year-old male and NKK1 from grade 2, alveolar type, clear cell carcinoma in a 49-year-old female. Electron microscopic study showed the presence of microvilli on cell surface and desmosome-like structures between cells in both lines. Doubling time and plating efficiency of SKR1 were 28 h and 37%, respectively, whereas those of NKK1 were 45 h and 22%, respectively. The chromosome number of both cell lines was 100% aneuploid with a mode of 74 chromosomes for SKR1 and 84 for NKK1. Both SKR1 and NKK1 induced tumors at the site of subcutaneous injection of nude mice. The morphologic characteristics of the tumor were similar to those of each original tumor. NKK1 was about 20 times more resistant to doxorubicin and vinblastine as compared to SKR1. Expression of P-glycoprotein was considered to be one of the factors responsible for such multidrug resistant phenotype of NKK1 cells. These two lines with different chemosensitivity may be a useful model for developing new therapeutic strategies for RCC.
Transcriptome Profiling of Antimicrobial Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2016)

Emerging resistance to antimicrobials and the lack of new antibiotic drug candidates underscore the need for optimization of current diagnostics and therapies to diminish the evolution and spread of multidrug resistance. As the antibiotic resistance status of a bacterial pathogen is defined by its genome, resistance profiling by applying next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies may in the future accomplish pathogen identification, prompt initiation of targeted individualized treatment, and the implementation of optimized infection control measures. In this study, qualitative RNA sequencing was used to identify key genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance in 135 clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from diverse geographic and infection site origins. By applying transcriptome-wide association studies, adaptive variations associated with resistance to the antibiotic classes fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and β-lactams were identified. Besides potential novel biomarkers with a direct correlation to resistance, global patterns of phenotype-associated gene expression and sequence variations were identified by predictive machine learning approaches. Our research serves to establish genotype-based molecular diagnostic tools for the identification of the current resistance profiles of bacterial pathogens and paves the way for faster diagnostics for more efficient, targeted treatment strategies to also mitigate the future potential for resistance evolution.
Biosynthesis of Phenolic Compounds (1985)

Biosynthetic pathways of phenolic compounds, including many allelochemicals, in higher plants are influenced by various chemicals such as certain herbicides and growth regulators. Although most of these compounds have little or no direct effect on phenolic compound biosynthesis, others such as glyphosate, have profound effects that may seriously affect allelochemical interactions under field conditions. Two known primary sites of chemical manipulation of phenolic production exist: 1) 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSP synthase) and 2) phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL). Certain amino-phosphonic acids, such as glyphosate, strongly inhibit aromatic amino acid synthesis by inhibiting the activities of EPSP synthase and other enzymes of the shikimate pathway. PAL, a pivotal enzyme in the transformation of aromatic amino acids to secondary phenolic compounds is strongly and specifically inhibited by ∝-aminooxy-β-phenylpropionic acid (AOPP) and its analogues. The herbicides chlorsulfuron and acifluorfen induce high levels of PAL and aromatic compounds. These compounds have potential in studies of the role of phenolic compounds in allelopathy.
Curare la malattia da HIV: ritorno al paziente? (2016)

HIV disease has dramatically changed in the last two decades from a progressive, lethal disease to a chronic manageable condition. These changes are due to the availability of potent antiretroviral combination therapy, which also have the potential to contribute significantly to the control of the epidemic. Among persons living with HIV, incidence of immunosuppression-related opportunistic illnesses has clearly decreased, while an increase was observed in the prevalence of age-related noncommunicable comorbidities, including cardiovascular, metabolic, renal, bone and hepatic disease, due to chronic inflammatory state and to an overall aging of the population of persons with HIV. It has been predicted that by 2030 more than 80% of older persons with HIV will have at least one comorbidity, compared to 19% of non HIV-infected persons, and that one fourth of these persons will have three or more comorbidities. Among persons with HIV, the prevalence of frailty is increasing. Choice of therapeutic approach to HIV disease should take into account, in addition to the ability of drug combination to suppress viral replication, the potential for long term adherence to treatment, the lack of long term toxicity, the possibility to fully restore immune function and prevent immune activation, thus reducing the risk of chronic inflammation related disease. In addition the overall impact of treatment on patients' well-being must be considered, and patients related outcomes should be used to measure this impact.
Self‐tolerance of Human Natural Killer Cells Lacking Self‐HLA‐specific Inhibitory Receptors (2008)

Natural killer (NK) cells identify cells with altered human leucocyte antigen (HLA) expression as targets through lacking engagement of self-HLA-specific inhibitory receptors (e.g. killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, KIR). Thus, they eliminate cells with 'missing self' because of viral or malignant transformation. We performed analysis of HLA, KIR genotypes and KIR receptor expression patterns at single cell level in NK cells in 17 donors. The function of NK cell subsets is determined by degranulation assays using target cells expressing self, cognate, control or no HLA class I. Donors could be grouped into three groups: their NK cells possess potential for alloreactivity, autoreactivity based on the presence of NK cells expressing particular KIR only (mono-KIR) in the absence of its ligand or lack alloreactivity. All donors possess NK cells lacking all detectable inhibitory receptors. Both potential autoreactive subpopulations did not respond to HLA class I-positive target cells. They retain partial reactivity against HLA class I-negative tumour target cells. Mono-KIR NK cells without the corresponding ligands in the individuals and NK cells lacking all inhibitory receptors behave self-tolerant. Our results suggest alternative mechanisms than HLA-specific inhibitory receptors to control NK cell activity. But HLA seems to be involved in shaping effector function of the NK cell repertoire.
Low power BIST design by hypergraph partitioning: methodology and architectures (2002)

Power consumption of digital systems may increase significantly during testing. In this paper, we propose a novel low power/energy Built-in Self Test (BIST) strategy based on circuit partitioning. The strategy consists of partitioning the original circuit into structural subcircuits so that each subcircuit can be successively tested through different BIST sessions. In partitioning the circuit and planning the test session, the switching activity in a time interval (i.e. The average power) as well as the peak power consumption are minimized. Moreover, the total energy consumption during BIST is also reduced since the test length required to test the subcircuits is not so far from the test length for the original circuit. The proposed strategy can be applied to either test-per-scan or test-per-clock BIST schemes by slightly modifying conventional TPG structures as illustrated in this paper. Results on ISCAS circuits show that average power reduction of up to 62%, peak power reduction of up to 57%, and energy reduction of up to 82% can be achieved at a very low area cost in terms of area overhead and with almost no penalty on the circuit timing.
Best compromise between tele supply and modulated rate of back scattered signal in RFID system (2005)

Emerging applications of contact less smart card operating at 13.56 MHz like video transmission and ICAO e-passport need high data rates. This study focuses on the communication from the deported element (batteryless smartcard or transponder) to the reader. In order to limit the cost of the transponders, most of the time, smart cards are batteryless. The chip is connected to an antenna and is supplied by the power coming from the induced voltage of the coupled antennas. Designers have to deal with a compromise between best chip supply and best load modulation. The purpose of this paper is to present a new method to compute the best load to switch for a given power supply. For this supply, the best modulation degree of the back scattered signal will be reached. The theoretical results and the simulation results will be compared to measurements.
Sorting mouse jejunal epithelial cells with CD24 yields a population with characteristics of intestinal stem cells (2010)

Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) have been studied for more than three decades; however, their isolation has remained a challenge. We hypothesized that, just as for stem cells of other tissues, one or more membrane markers would allow positive selection of ISCs by antibody-based sorting. To explore this hypothesis, microarray data of putative ISC fractions generated by side population sorting and laser capture microdissection were subjected to bioinformatic analysis to identify common membrane antigens. The microarray comparison suggested CD24 as a candidate surface marker, and immunohistochemistry showed expression of CD24 in epithelial cells of crypt bases. Flow cytometry of jejunal epithelial preparations revealed a CD24(+) CD45(-) fraction comprising ∼1% of the cells. Analysis with epithelial cell adhesion molecule and CD31 confirmed that the cell preparations were epithelial and without endothelial contamination. Cycling cells identified by prior injection with 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine were found predominantly in the CD24(lo) subfraction. Transcript analysis by real-time RT-PCR showed this subfraction to be enriched in the ISC markers leucine-rich-repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (40-fold) and Bmi1 (5-fold), but also enriched in lysozyme (10-fold). Flow cytometry with anti-lysozyme antibodies demonstrated that Paneth cells comprise ∼30% of the CD24(lo) subfraction. Additional flow analyses with leucine-rich-repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) epithelium demonstrated colocalization of EGFP(hi) and CD24(lo). In contrast, CD24 cells were negative for the quiescent ISC marker doublecortin and CaM kinase-like-1. Culture of CD24(lo) cells in Matrigel generated organoid structures, which included all four epithelial lineages, thus giving functional evidence for the presence of ISCs. We conclude that the CD24(lo) fraction of jejunal epithelium is highly enriched with cycling ISCs. This isolation method should be useful to many investigators in the field to advance both the basic understanding of ISC biology and the therapeutic applications of ISCs.
From early requirements to user interface prototyping: a methodological approach (2002)

The objective of this paper is to define a software production process which represents the correspondence between the primitive elements of a business model (represented in the framework i*) and the user interface of the software system. The representation of the user interface is compliant with the Unified Model Language (UML). We use a use case model as an intermediary between the business requirements and the application software. By doing this, we go a step further in the process of properly embedding early requirements engineering into the software production process, because organizational users can validate their requirements as early as possible. This is done through the validation of the user interfaces which are generated as a software representation of these requirements. These interfaces can also be reused for further refinement as a useful starting point in the software development process.
Impact of gene vector design on the control of recombinant monoclonal antibody production by chinese hamster ovary cells (2011)

Abstract In this study, we systematically compare two vector design strategies for recombinant monoclonal antibody (Mab) synthesis by Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells; a dual open reading frame (ORF) expression vector utilizing separate cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoters to drive heavy chain (HC) and light chain (LC) expression independently, and a single ORF vector design employing a single CMV promoter to drive HC and LC polypeptide expression joined by a foot and mouth disease virus F2A polypeptide self‐cleaving linker sequence. Initial analysis of stable transfectants showed that transfectants utilizing the single ORF vector designs exhibited significantly reduced Mab production. We employed an empirical modeling strategy to quantitatively describe the cellular constraints on recombinant Mab synthesis in all stable transfectants. In all transfectants, an intracellular molar excess of LC polypeptide over HC polypeptide was observed. For CHO cells transfected with the single ORF vectors, model‐predicted, and empirical intracellular intermediate levels could only be reconciled by inclusion of nascent HC polypeptide degradation. Whilst a local sensitivity analysis showed that qMab of all transfectants was primarily constrained by recombinant mRNA translation rate, our data indicated that all single ORF transfectants exhibited a reduced level of recombinant gene transcription and that Mab folding and assembly reactions generically exerted greater control over qMab. We infer that the productivity of single ORF transfectants is limited by ER processing/degradation “capacity” which sets a limit on transcriptional input. We conclude that gene vector design for oligomeric recombinant proteins should be based on an understanding of protein‐specific synthetic kinetics rather than polypeptide stoichiometry. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2011