gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunogenicity of Purified Duck Embryo Rabies Vaccine (Lyssavac-N) with Use of the WHO-Approved Intradermal Postexposure Regimen (1995)

The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended the following regimen for administration of intradermal postexposure rabies vaccines (tissue or avian cultures): 0.1 mL of the vaccine given intradermally at two sites on days 0, 3, and 7 and at one site on days 28 and 90. WHO did not specify which types of vaccines should be used when following this regimen. We evaluated the efficacy of purified duck embryo rabies vaccine (Lyssavac-N) under the above regimen conditions; although purified duck embryo rabies vaccine is highly immunogenic when given intramuscularly, it differs significantly from the other rabies vaccination products in that it is not a solution, but rather, a suspension with an added preservative. Lyssavac-N was found to produce lower mean neutralizing antibody titers with the WHO-recommended intradermal regimen. However, when the volume of each dose was increased from 0.1 mL to 0.2 mL and the same schedule of administration was followed, satisfactory titers were obtained. We concluded that the WHO intradermal postexposure rabies vaccine regimen should only be used with vaccines that have been subjected to immunogenicity studies with satisfactory results.
Modular Construction of a Functional Artificial Epothilone Polyketide Pathway (2012)

Natural products of microbial origin continue to be an important source of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals exhibiting potent activities and often novel modes of action. Due to their inherent structural complexity chemical synthesis is often hardly possible, leaving fermentation as the only viable production route. In addition, the pharmaceutical properties of natural products often need to be optimized for application by sophisticated medicinal chemistry and/or biosynthetic engineering. The latter requires a detailed understanding of the biosynthetic process and genetic tools to modify the producing organism that are often unavailable. Consequently, heterologous expression of complex natural product pathways has been in the focus of development over recent years. However, piecing together existing DNA cloned from natural sources and achieving efficient expression in heterologous circuits represent several limitations that can be addressed by synthetic biology. In this work we have redesigned and reassembled the 56 kb epothilone biosynthetic gene cluster from Sorangium cellulosum for expression in the high GC host Myxococcus xanthus. The codon composition was adapted to a modified codon table for M. xanthus, and unique restriction sites were simultaneously introduced and others eliminated from the sequence in order to permit pathway assembly and future interchangeability of modular building blocks from the epothilone megasynthetase. The functionality of the artificial pathway was demonstrated by successful heterologous epothilone production in M. xanthus at significant yields that have to be improved in upcoming work. Our study sets the stage for future engineering of epothilone biosynthesis and production optimization using a highly flexible assembly strategy.
Human 100-kDa homologous DNA-pairing protein is the splicing factor PSF and promotes DNA strand invasion (2000)

Proteins promoting homologous pairing could be involved in various fundamental biological processes. Previously we detected two mammalian nuclear proteins of 100 and 75 kDa able to promote homologous DNA pairing. Here we report isolation and characterisation of the human (h) 100-kDa DNA-pairing protein, hPOMp100, from HeLa nuclei. The peptide sequences of hPOMp100 revealed identity to the human splicing factor PSF and a DNA-binding subunit of p100/p52 heterodimer of unknown function. Bacterially expressed PSF promotes DNA pairing identical to that of hPOMp100. hPOMp100/PSF binds not only RNA but also both single-stranded (ss) and double-stranded (ds) DNA and facilitates the renaturation of complementary ssDNAs. More important, the protein promotes the incorporation of a ss oligonucleotide into a homologous superhelical dsDNA, D-loop formation. A D-loop is the first heteroduplex DNA intermediate generated between recombining DNA molecules. Moreover, this reaction could be implicated in re-establishing stalled replication forks. Consistent with this hypothesis, DNA-pairing activity of hPOMp100/PSF is associated with cellular proliferation. Significantly, phosphorylation of hPOMp100/PSF by protein kinase C inhibits its binding to RNA but stimulates its binding to DNA and D-loop formation and may represent a regulatory mechanism to direct this multifunctional protein to DNA metabolic pathways.
Three noncontiguous peptides comprise binding sites on high-molecular-weight kininogen to neutrophils (1998)

The binding of high-molecular-weight kininogen (HK) to neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes, PMN) is required for the stimulation of aggregation and degranulation by human plasma kallikrein as well as the displacement of fibrinogen from this cell surface. The putative receptor for HK is the leukocyte integrin alphaMbeta2, and domains 3 (D3) and 5 (D5) of HK form its binding site. To further map the binding sites on HK for PMN, we used D3 recombinant exon products and designed peptides from D3 and D5. In D3, a heptapeptide, Leu271-Ala277, from exon 7 product, and a peptide, Cys333-Cys352, from exon 9 product can inhibit binding of kininogen to PMN. Two contiguous peptides from D5 in the histidine-glycine-rich region, Gly442-Lys458 and Phe459-Lys478, each inhibit the binding of HK to PMN. This study has thus delineated three noncontiguous surface-oriented sequences on HK, which together comprise all or most of the binding site for human PMN.
Publisher Correction: Identification of microRNAs and relative target genes in Moringa oleifera leaf and callus (2019)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Anomalous photovoltaic effect in organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (2017)

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) have been demonstrated to be highly successful photovoltaic materials yielding very-high-efficiency solar cells. We report the room temperature observation of an anomalous photovoltaic (APV) effect in lateral structure OIHP devices manifested by the device's open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i><sub>OC</sub>) that is much larger than the bandgap of OIHPs. The persistent <i>V</i><sub>OC</sub> is proportional to the electrode spacing, resembling that of ferroelectric photovoltaic devices. However, the APV effect in OIHP devices is not caused by ferroelectricity. The APV effect can be explained by the formation of tunneling junctions randomly dispersed in the polycrystalline films, which allows the accumulation of photovoltage at a macroscopic level. The formation of internal tunneling junctions as a result of ion migration is visualized with Kelvin probe force microscopy scanning. This observation points out a new avenue for the formation of large and continuously tunable <i>V</i><sub>OC</sub> without being limited by the materials' bandgap.
Generation of a Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) Resistant Cell Line in a Polyamine Depletion Strategy (2019)

Polyamines are essential growth factors for normal and malignant cells. Cells obtain polyamines via biosynthesis or transport from the extracellular environment and polyamine depletion therapy is an attractive option to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Previous reports have indicated that depletion therapy (e.g. androgen depletion in prostate cancer) can lead to epigenetic changes resulting in resistance to the therapy and aggressive metastatic cancer. We were interested to know if polyamine depletion driven by treatment with the polyamine biosynthesis inhibitor difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) could lead to similar outcomes. The pancreatic cancer cell line Panc‐1 was passaged for 10 generations on IC 50 and IC 75 concentrations of DFMO, after which a decreased sensitivity to DFMO was observed. Our results indicate the need for further investigation into the mechanism of resistance to DFMO, and it's potential consequences for clinical outcomes. Support or Funding Information University of Central Florida, College of Sciences Seed Award This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
On "Exponential Lower Bounds for Polytopes in Combinatorial Optimization" by Fiorini et al. (2015): A Refutation For Models With Disjoint Sets of Descriptive Variables (2016)

We provide a numerical refutation of the developments of Fiorini et al. (2015)* for models with disjoint sets of descriptive variables. We also provide an insight into the meaning of the existence of a one-to-one linear map between solutions of such models. *: Fiorini, S., S. Massar, S. Pokutta, H.R. Tiwary, and R. de Wolf (2015). Exponential Lower Bounds for Polytopes in Combinatorial Optimization. Journal of the ACM 62:2, Article No. 17.
245: Novel Telomerase-Immortalized Primary Prostate Epithelial Cell Lines Retain Biological Features of Benign and Cancerous Prostate Specimens (2006)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Sunday, May 21, 2006, 9:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 2006245: Novel Telomerase-Immortalized Primary Prostate Epithelial Cell Lines Retain Biological Features of Benign and Cancerous Prostate Specimens Yongpeng Gu, Hongzhen Li, Jun Miki, Kee-Hong Kim, Bungo Furusato, Isabell A. Sesterhenn, Wei-Sing Chu, David G. McLeod, Charles M. Ewing, Shiv Srivastava, William B. Isaacs, and Johng S. Rhim Yongpeng GuYongpeng Gu More articles by this author , Hongzhen LiHongzhen Li More articles by this author , Jun MikiJun Miki More articles by this author , Kee-Hong KimKee-Hong Kim More articles by this author , Bungo FurusatoBungo Furusato More articles by this author , Isabell A. SesterhennIsabell A. Sesterhenn More articles by this author , Wei-Sing ChuWei-Sing Chu More articles by this author , David G. McLeodDavid G. McLeod More articles by this author , Charles M. EwingCharles M. Ewing More articles by this author , Shiv SrivastavaShiv Srivastava More articles by this author , William B. IsaacsWilliam B. Isaacs More articles by this author , and Johng S. RhimJohng S. Rhim More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)32512-6AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "245: Novel Telomerase-Immortalized Primary Prostate Epithelial Cell Lines Retain Biological Features of Benign and Cancerous Prostate Specimens." The Journal of Urology, 175(4S), pp. 81–82 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 175Issue 4SApril 2006Page: 81-82 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Yongpeng Gu More articles by this author Hongzhen Li More articles by this author Jun Miki More articles by this author Kee-Hong Kim More articles by this author Bungo Furusato More articles by this author Isabell A. Sesterhenn More articles by this author Wei-Sing Chu More articles by this author David G. McLeod More articles by this author Charles M. Ewing More articles by this author Shiv Srivastava More articles by this author William B. Isaacs More articles by this author Johng S. Rhim More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
P164: Ultrasound prenatal diagnosis of Idiopathic Arterial Calcification of Infancy: a case report and review of the literature (2003)

Idiopathic aortic calcification of infancy (IACI) is a rare, lethal condition characterized by extensive vascular and cardiac calcification. We describe the prenatal ultrasound findings of a case of IACI encountered at our institution. A 44 year old G4P3002 woman was referred for ultrasound evaluation at 30 wks gestation. The amniotic fluid volume was normal. The heart was enlarged with poor contractility. The mitral and tricuspid valves appeared bright and dyskinetic. The aortic and pulmonary valves were stenotic and their roots appeared as bright rigid cylinders. Intense echolucency of the aorta, pulmonary valve annulus, and biventricular hypertrophy were seen, suggesting idiopathic aortic calcinosis. TORCH titers were negative. The fetus suffered intrauterine demise at 32 wks gestation. Autopsy confirmed prenatal findings. Including our case, we identified 10 antenatally diagnosed cases of calcified heart and great vessels in the literature. All were detected at 26–32 wks gestation and demonstrated hyperechoic hypokinetic heart chambers. The most common associated finding was polyhydramnios with fetal hydrops (60%), and 20% had ventriculomegaly and microcephaly with high toxoplasma and CMV titers suggesting possible congenital infection. None of the cases survived (3 in utero demises, one elective termination, and 6 neonatal deaths). The outcome of fetuses with calcified heart and great vessels is dismal. If the presence of calcified heart and great vessels is associated with other findings, such as ventriculomegaly and microcephaly, congenital infection should be suspected. In the absence of other findings, except hydrops, IACI should be suspected.
Rh‐Catalyzed Enantioselective [2 + 2] Cycloaddition of Alkynyl Esters and Norbornene Derivatives. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
List Decoding of Polar Codes: How Large Should the List Be to Achieve ML Decoding? (2021)

Successive-cancellation list (SCL) decoding is a widely used and studied decoding algorithm for polar codes. For short blocklengths, empirical evidence shows that SCL decoding with moderate list sizes (say, <tex>$L \leq 32$</tex>) closely matches the performance of maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding. Hashemi et al. proved that on the binary erasure channel (BEC), SCL decoding actually coincides with ML decoding for list sizes <tex>$L \geq 2^{\gamma}$</tex>, where <tex>$\gamma$</tex> is a new parameter we call the mixing factor. Loosely speaking, the mixing factor counts the number of information bits mixed-in among the frozen bits; more precisely <tex>$\gamma=\vert\{i\in \mathcal{F}^{c}:i\leq \max\{\mathcal{F}\}\}\vert$</tex>, where <tex>$\mathcal{F}\subset [n]$</tex> denotes the set of frozen indices. Herein, we extend the aforementioned result of Hashemi et al. from the BEC to arbitrary binary-input memoryless symmetric channels. Our proof is based on capturing all <tex>$2^{\gamma}$</tex> decoding paths that correspond to the <tex>$\gamma$</tex> information bits appearing before the last frozen bit, and then finding the most-likely extension for each of these paths efficiently using a nearest coset decoding algorithm introduced herein. Furthermore, we present a hybrid successive-cancellation list (H -SCL) decoding algorithm, which is a hybrid between conventional SCL decoding and nearest coset decoding. We believe that the hybrid algorithm can outperform the conventional SCL decoder with lower decoding complexity.
Chicken osteoclasts do not possess calcitonin receptors (1987)

Osteoclasts freshly isolated from embryonic chicks have been examined for calcitonin receptors using radio-iodine-labeled salmon calcitonin. Calcitonin binding to chick osteoclasts could not be shown by either autoradiography or biochemical binding studies. Furthermore, calcitonin did not stimulate cyclic AMP production. By contrast, rat osteoclasts have abundant calcitonin receptors, and a sensitive cyclic AMP response to calcitonin has been shown previously. It is concluded that chick osteoclasts do not possess calcitonin receptors, a finding which could explain the lack of calcitonin responsiveness observed in other avian osteoclast culture systems.
Establishing the Pharmaceutical Quality of Chinese Herbal Medicine: A Provisional BCS Classification (2013)

The Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS), which is a scientific approach to categorize active drug ingredient based on its solubility and intestinal permeability into one of the four classes, has been used to set the pharmaceutical quality standards for drug products in western society. However, it has received little attention in the area of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM). This is likely, in part, due to the presence of multiple active components as well as lack of standardization of CHM. In this report, we apply BCS classification to CHMs provisionally as a basis for establishing improved in vitro quality standards. Based on a top-200 drugs selling list in China, a total of 31 CHM products comprising 50 official active marker compounds (AMCs) were provisionally classified according to BCS. Information on AMC content and doses of these CHM products were retrieved from the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. BCS parameters including solubility and permeability of the AMCs were predicted in silico (ACD/Laboratories). A BCS classification of CHMs according to biopharmaceutical properties of their AMCs is demonstrated to be feasible in the current study and can be used to provide a minimum set of quality standards. Our provisional results showed that 44% of the included AMCs were classified as Class III (high solubility, low permeability), followed by Class II (26%), Class I (18%), and Class IV (12%). A similar trend was observed when CHMs were classified in accordance with the BCS class of AMCs. Most (45%) of the included CHMs were classified as Class III, followed by Class II (16%), Class I (10%), and Class IV (6%); whereas 23% of the CHMs were of mixed class due to the presence of multiple individual AMCs with different BCS classifications. Moreover, about 60% of the AMCs were classified as high-solubility compounds (Class I and Class III), suggesting an important role for an in vitro dissolution test in setting quality control standards ensuring consistent biopharmaceutical quality for the commercially available CHM products. That is, provisionally, more than half of the AMCs of the top-selling CHMs included in this study would be candidates for a bioequivalence (BE) biowaiver, based on WHO recommendations and EMEA guidelines. Thus a dissolution requirement on these AMCs would represent a significant advance in the pharmaceutical quality of CHM today.
Trichome Cell Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana Can Be Derepressed by Mutations in at Least Five Genes (1999)

Leaf trichomes in Arabidopsis are unicellular epidermal hairs with a branched morphology. They undergo successive endoreduplication rounds early during cell morphogenesis. Mutations affecting trichome nuclear DNA content, such as triptychon or glabra3, alter trichome branching. We isolated new mutants with supernumerary trichome branches, which fall into three unlinked complementation groups: KAKTUS and the novel loci, POLYCHOME and RASTAFARI. They map to chromosomes IV, II, and V, respectively. The trichomes of these mutants presented an increased DNA content, although to a variable extent. The spindly-5 mutant, which displays a constitutive gibberellin response, also produces overbranched trichomes containing more nuclear DNA. We analyzed genetic interactions using double mutants and propose that two independent pathways, defined by SPINDLY and TRIPTYCHON, act to limit trichome growth. KAKTUS and POLYCHOME might have redundant actions mediating gibberellin control via SPINDLY. The overall leaf polysomaty was not notably affected by these mutations, suggesting that they affect the control of DNA synthesis in a tissue- or cell type-specific manner. Wild-type tetraploids also produce overbranched trichomes; they displayed a shifted polysomaty in trichomes and in the whole leaf, suggesting a developmental program controlling DNA increases via the counting of endoreduplication rounds.
Evaluation of a New Commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Detection of Porcine Antibodies against Trichinella Spp. (2009)

Trichinellosis is a zoonotic disease that is caused by the nematode Trichinella spp. Both European Union regulations and guidelines from the World Organization for Animal Health foresee the possibility of conducting serological surveillance for Trichinella spp. A newly developed commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was evaluated against 2 existing diagnostic techniques: an in-house ELISA and an in-house Western blot. A total of 875 Trichinella larva-negative samples of pigs and 93 Trichinella larva-positive samples of both naturally and experimentally infected pigs were included in the study. Bayesian modeling techniques were used to correct for the absence of a perfect reference test. The sensitivity and specificity of the commercial ELISA was 97.1-97.8% and 99.5-99.8%, respectively. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated high stability in the models. In a serological surveillance system, ELISA-positive samples should be tested by a confirmatory test. The Western blot is a suitable test for this purpose. With the use of the results of the models, the sensitivity and specificity of a test protocol in both ELISA and Western blot were 95.9% and 99.9%, respectively. The high sensitivity and specificity were achieved with a lower limit of detection than that of the routine artificial digestion test, suggesting that serological surveillance is a valuable alternative in surveillance for Trichinella spp. in pig production.
[Evaluation of the hospital management of insulin-dependent diabetics]. (1997)

This assessment of hospital care demonstrated a deviation of medical surveillance from standard care. More frequent consultations would help improve patient information. It is important to recall that an annual hospitalization and rigorous application of clinical surveillance with annual fundus examination are essential. Information provided by physicians, nurses and dietitians should be an integral part of hospital care. Likewise, it is undoubtedly useful to provide psychological counselling for diabetic patients. A reassessment should evaluate the impact of such recommendations in order to determine the impact, in terms of reduced mortality, of improved hospital care.