gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stress Field Distribution and Deformation Law of Large Deformation Tunnel Excavation in Soft Rock Mass (2019)

The problem of large deformation is very prominent in deep-buried tunnel excavation in soft rock, which brings serious potential safety hazards and economic losses to projects. Knowledge of the stress field distribution and deformation law is the key to ensuring rational design and safe construction in large deformation tunnels of soft rock. As described in this paper, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field monitoring were employed to investigate the surrounding rock stress and displacement state in the Dongsong hydropower station in Sichuan Province, China. The results show that the short-bench construction method can effectively control the deformation of surrounding rock and range of the plastic zone. In order to reserve enough working space, the optimum bench length in the actual construction was 10 to 14 m. The peripheral displacement and plastic radius decreased with the increase of tunnel support strength and the advance of supporting time. The displacement can be effectively controlled by applying the second lining in time at a position about twice the diameter of the hole (16 m) from the working face. A reasonable reserved deformation should be adopted to avoid secondary expanding excavation. The values of different positions in the tunnel laterally and longitudinally may be different, and adjustments are needed according to the actual situation.
Effects of Heterogeneous Nucleation of Water Vapor in Nozzles (1970)

Condensation initiated by heterogeneous nucleation, which is surface dependent, is examined experimentally for the case of rapid nozzle expansions of water vapor. In contrast to previous de Laval nozzle steam experiments for vapor condensation initiated by homogeneous nucleation, the present results are for flows seeded with inorganic smoke and metallic ions. The influence of heterogeneous seeding materials on the condensation process is readily observable by comparison of seeded and unseeded experiments which are otherwise identical. Quantitative results for temperature and other properties, as well as condensation rates, follow based on pressure distribution. The results indicate that the prolonged isentropic expansion of a seeded flow gives a substantial decrease in entropy production for 1/10 micron and below particle sizes determined by electron microscopy. An attempt is made at determining the relative influence of ions and smokes. The competitive nature between heterogeneous and homogeneous processes is clearly evident.
PLGA conduit seeded with olfactory ensheathing cells for bridging sciatic nerve defect of rats (2010)

PLGA is thought to be a promising material for nerve scaffold. OECs have been shown to promote axon outgrowth and myelination following peripheral nerve transection. This study assessed the compatibility between PLGA and OECs in vitro, and evaluated the effect of PLGA conduit filled with OECs and extracellular matrix gel (ECM) (POE group) on 10 mm-defect sciatic nerve of rats. Silicon-OECs-EMC (SOE group), PLGA-ECM (PE group), and silicon-ECM (SE group)-were used as the controls. The survival and distribution of OECs in vivo, neurohistology and neurofunction of the bridged nerve, were quantitatively evaluated from 1 week to 12 weeks after surgery. PLGA possessed complete compatibility with OECs. After implantation, OECs migrated along the axis of the nerve and survived longer in the POE group than in the SOE group. Gross recovery of the animal, like ulcerious and autophagical rate as well as relative diameter recovery rate of the fiber, was more successful in the POE group than in other groups. The number of the fiber in the middle and distal segments of bridged sites and neurons in anterior horn of the spinal cord was increased in both OECs-contained groups, but the diameter and the myeline thickness of the fiber were increased only in the POE group. The nerve conduction velocity and the amplitude of compound muscle active potential were improved much successfully in the PLGA-guided group than in the silicon-guided group, but the best improvement was encountered in the POE group. Sciatic function index was not improved in all groups at 12 weeks after surgery due to the injury model. These results suggested that PLGA filled with OECs is a significant alternative to conventional autograft in repairing peripheral nerve defects, and OECs are potential seed cells for peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
Analytical Prediction Model of Sand Production Integrating Geomechanics for Open Hole and Cased – Perforated Wells (2014)

Abstract Sand production treatment, control and mitigation generate high costs for the petroleum industry. Therefore, this is considered a critical problem and requires a continuous monitoring and special management. A sand production study is fundamental in field development and will help to eliminate or mitigate the related problems. This way, an analytical geomechanical sand production model is proposed to design the best field sand free production plan and to select the type of sand control measures and sand management techniques. The model needs as input data, the reservoir characteristicsn and a mechanical earth model derived from well logs that includes the stress state regime. It also requires the well direction, azimuth and completion information in order to evaluate the well characteristics. In this model an onset sand production condition is calculated looking for the borehole pressure that makes the maximum effective tangential compressive stress equal or higher than the rock strength (failure criteria), which is usually known as critical borehole pressure (CBHP). The results are presented on two kinds of graphs: the CBHP versus depth graph that allows determining the sand production free interval and the CBHP versus reservoir pressure graph that helps to design different well production plans for optimizing the recovered volume avoiding sand production. Results must be calibrated and verified with data field to simulate the real reservoir behavior. Briefly, for a specific well path it is possible to propose the operating CBHP as a function of the reservoir depletion and well completion (open or cased hole), also for a new well, it is possible to design the best well direction and the completion type, in addition to the operating CBHP to minimize sand production.
Digital Holographic Tomography for 3-D Visualization (2011)

Using a novel single-beam holographic tomography (SHOT) based technique we are able to record holograms of translucent objects such as water droplets, and reconstruct the 3-D shapes using Radon transform. This technique can be used on any translucent 3D shape.
Characterization of Different Starches Oxidized by Hypochlorite (2001)

The effects of starch origin (potato, corn, and rice starches) and hypochlorite level (NaOCl, 0.8% and 2% w/w) on the structures and physicochemical properties of oxidized starches were investigated. Carboxyl and carbonyl group contents of oxidized starches increased with increasing NaOCl level, with potato starch having the highest and corn starch having the lowest carboxyl groups content at both NaOCl levels. Oxidation generally reduced the pasting temperature and viscosity of native starches as demonstrated by using a Rapid Visco Analyser. The peak viscosities of oxidized rice and corn starches were higher than those of their native counterparts at 0.8% NaOCl. The morphology of starches was not altered and X-ray diffraction patterns of all the starches remained unchanged after oxidation. Oxidized starch batters exhibited greater adhesions than did native starch batters, with rice starch batter exhibiting the greatest adhesion. Carbohydrate profiles by high-performance size-exclusion chromatography indicated that both amylopectin and amylose were degraded during oxidation. The level of oxidation was largely dependent on the degree of crystallinity of starch and the degree of polymerization of amylose, whereas the adhesion property of oxidized starch was mainly attributed to its granular size and shape.
Dynamics of Rhodamine 6G Sorption into a Porous Tri-block Copolymer Thin Film (2007)

The dynamics of sorption of the laser dye rhodamine 6G (R6G+) into a thin ion-exchange polymer film was measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry. The system under study consisted of a nanometer-sized polymer film in direct contact with a liquid phase. A thin film of a partially sulfonated tri-block copolymer preconcentrated the dye from dilute solutions (10-5 M) driven by ion-exchange to a film concentration of about 0.1 M. Spectroscopic ellipsometry was used to simultaneously measure the dynamics of the film physical (thickness) and optical changes (refractive index n(λ) and extinction coefficient k(λ)). The sorption is ultimately accompanied by dye aggregation in the film, which results in shifts and splitting of features in the monomer absorbance spectrum. The formation of nonluminescent aggregates was also confirmed by emission spectroscopy. Desorption of the dye from the film resulted in a reversal of film physical changes. Spectroscopic results were quantitatively accounted for by constructing an optical model that assumed a dye monomer/dimer (R6G+/(R6G+)2) equilibrium in the film. The relatively low magnitude of the dimerization constant in the polymer (KD ∼27 M-1) suggests an approach to minimize molecular aggregation. Concurrent quartz crystal microgravimetry of the sorption process showed generally similar results, confirming the quantitative results from ellipsometry measurements.
Keystone correction for stereoscopic cinematography (2012)

Keystone distortion is a long-standing problem in stereoscopic cinematography. Keystone distortion occurs when a stereoscopic camera toes in to achieve a desirable disparity distribution. One particular problem from keystone distortion is vertical disparity, which often compromises stereoscopic 3D viewing experience. Keystone distortion can be corrected by applying a proper homography; however, this damages the desirable disparity distribution. This paper presents an approach to keystone correction for stereoscopic cinematography that both corrects keystone distortion and preserves the original disparity distribution. Our method formulates keystone correction as a spatially-varying warping problem. Our method eliminates the vertical disparities and preserves the original horizontal disparities by encoding them as data terms in the warping problem. The energy terms are designed to be quadratic and thus the keystone correction problem can be quickly solved using a sparse linear solver. Our experiment shows that our method can effectively solve the keystone problem while preserving desirable horizontal disparities.
1-Palmitoyl-2-Linoleoyl-3-Acetyl-rac-Glycerol (PLAG) Rapidly Resolves LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury Through the Effective Control of Neutrophil Recruitment (2019)

Acute lung injury (ALI) is an acute respiratory failure that is associated with excessive neutrophil recruitment and high mortality. To assess the efficacy of 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (PLAG) as a therapeutic agent for ALI, this compound was administered orally to mice challenged with an intranasal dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Using this model, we found that PLAG promotes resolution of ALI through effective control of LPS-induced neutrophil infiltration, endothelial permeability, and inflammatory chemokine production. In addition, the Toll like Receptor 4 (TLR4) endocytosis/exocytosis cycle was significantly accelerated in Raw 264.7 cells co-treated with PLAG/LPS, as compared to cells treated only with LPS. During this cycle, a PLAG-induced exotoxin clearance pathway was observed to occur through the prompt assembly of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) units and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which ultimately lead to earlier LPS clearance. We further detected reduced expression, as well as faster return to homeostatic levels, of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, in PLAG/LPS- vs. LPS-treated cells. MIP-2 is a main inducer of neutrophil migration that is mainly controlled by interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) activation and is involved in the TLR4 endosomal-signaling pathway. PLAG induced TLR4-mediated TRIF-related adaptor molecules/Toll-interleukin receptor (TIR) domain-containing adaptor protein including interferon (IFN)-β/IRF3 endosomal signaling, leading to rapid association of TRAM/TRIF and TLR4 and earlier IRF3 phosphorylation in PLAG/LPS-treated vs. LPS-treated cells. PLAG specificity was further verified with PLAG analogs and metabolites known to control excessive neutrophil infiltration, suggesting that this acetylated diacylglycerol has a unique biological role in neutrophil motility. Thus, our data indicate that PLAG may represent a potential therapeutic agent for resolution of LPS-induced lung inflammation through effective MIP-2 modulation.
A Practical Non-Profiled Deep-Learning-Based Power Analysis with Hybrid-Supervised Neural Networks (2023)

With the rapid advancement of deep learning, the neural network has become the primary approach for non-profiled side-channel attacks. Nevertheless, challenges arise in practical applications due to noise in collected power traces and the substantial amount of data required for training deep learning neural networks. Additionally, acquiring measuring equipment with exceptionally high sampling rates is difficult for average researchers, further obstructing the analysis process. To address these challenges, in this paper, we propose a novel architecture for non-profiled differential deep learning analysis, employing a hybrid-supervised neural network. The architecture incorporates a self-supervised autoencoder to enhance the features of power traces before they are utilized as training data for the supervised neural network. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed architecture not only outperforms traditional differential deep learning networks by providing a more obvious distinction, but it also achieves key discrimination with reduced computational costs. Furthermore, the architecture is evaluated using small-scale and downsampled datasets, confirming its ability recover correct keys under such conditions. Moreover, the altered architecture designed for data resynchronization was proved to have the ability to distinguish the correct key from small-scale and desynchronized datasets.
Carbon monoxide (CO) as a novel approach for treatment of islet-directed autoimmunity (2013)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
Iterative regularized mixed norm multichannel image restoration (2005)

We present a regularized mixed norm multichannel image restoration algorithm. The problem of multichannel restoration using both within- and between-channel deterministic information is considered. For each channel a functional that combines the least mean squares (LMS), the least mean fourth (LMF), and a smoothing functional is proposed. We introduce a mixed norm parameter that controls the relative contribution between the LMS and the LMF, and a regularization parameter that defines the degree of smoothness of the solution, both updated at each iteration according to the noise characteristics of each channel. The novelty of the proposed algorithm is that no knowledge of the noise distribution for each channel is required, and the parameters just mentioned are adjusted based on the partially restored image.
Targeting proteins with metal complexes (2009)

Unique properties of metal complexes, such as structural diversity, adjustable ligand exchange kinetics, fine-tuned redox activities, and distinct spectroscopic signatures, make them exciting scaffolds not only for binding to nucleic acids but increasingly also to proteins as non-traditional targets. This feature article discusses recent trends in this field. These include the use of chemically inert metal complexes as structural scaffolds for the design of enzyme inhibitors, new strategies for inducing selective coordination chemistry at the protein binding site, recent advances in the development of catalytic enzyme inhibitors, and the design of metal complexes that can inject electrons or holes into redox enzymes. A common theme in many of the discussed examples is that binding selectivity is at least in part achieved through weak interactions between the ligand sphere and the protein binding site. These examples hint to an exciting future in which "organic-like" molecular recognition principles are combined with properties that are unique to metals and thus promise to yield compounds with novel and unprecedented properties.
Recent progress in novel macrolides, quinolones, and 2-pyridones to overcome bacterial resistance (1999)

Macrolides, such as clarithromycin and azithromycin, having good activity against pathogens such as Legionella, Chlamydia, Campylobacter spp, Branhamella spp, Pasteurella multocida and streptococci, have gained wide acceptance for the treatment of both upper and lower respiratory tracts, as well as cutaneous infections. Emergence of bacterial resistance, particularly in gram-positive bacteria, has been observed. Macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae and S. pyogenes are found in France and many other countries, resulting in failure of therapy for pneumonia, pharyngitis, and skin infection. RU 004, HMR 3647, and TE 802 were reported to be active against these resistant strains. Research at Abbott produced several macrolide derivatives in the anhydrolide, tricyclic and tetracyclic ketolides as well as 6-O-alkyl ketolides series having potent activity against macrolide resistant S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae. Research on streptogramins to overcome bacterial resistance in gram-positive bacteria has produced interesting compounds. Another class of antibacterial agent called quinolones is useful for the treatment of bacterial infections of respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin and soft tissues, as well as sexually transmitted diseases. Ciprofloxacin, the market leader, however, has low potency against anaerobes. Bacterial resistance ( such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus ) to ciprofloxacin is increasing rapidly. Many quinolone compounds are being synthesized to address these drawbacks. The new quinolones currently under development are characterized by enhanced activities against streptococci, staphylococci, enterococci, and anaerobes. This presentation reviews the current research in the identification of agents to overcome the macrolide and quinolone resistance.
Interleukin-24 inhibits the plasma cell differentiation program in human germinal center B cells (2009)

Complex molecular mechanisms control B-cell fate to become a memory or a plasma cell. Interleukin-24 (IL-24) is a class II family cytokine of poorly understood immune function that regulates the cell cycle. We previously observed that IL-24 is strongly expressed in leukemic memory-type B cells. Here we show that IL-24 is also expressed in human follicular B cells; it is more abundant in CD27(+) memory B cells and CD5-expressing B cells, whereas it is low to undetectable in centroblasts and plasma cells. Addition of IL-24 to B cells, cultured in conditions shown to promote plasma cell differentiation, strongly inhibited plasma cell generation and immunoglobulin G (IgG) production. By contrast, IL-24 siRNA increased terminal differentiation of B cells into plasma cells. IL-24 is optimally induced by BCR triggering and CD40 engagement; IL-24 increased CD40-induced B-cell proliferation and modulated the transcription of key factors involved in plasma cell differentiation. It also inhibited activation-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3), and inhibited the transcription of IL-10. Taken together, our results indicate that IL-24 is a novel cytokine involved in T-dependent antigen (Ag)-driven B-cell differentiation and suggest its physiologic role in favoring germinal center B-cell maturation in memory B cells at the expense of plasma cells.
Programmed Temperature Gas Chromatography (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProgrammed Temperature Gas ChromatographyStephen. Dal Nogare and W. E. LangloisCite this: Anal. Chem. 1960, 32, 7, 767–770Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60163a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60163a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views134Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An IP traceback mechanism for reflective DoS attacks (2004)

We present a new ICMP message and an automatic process capable of tracing reflective DoS attacks back to attack agents. The newly designed ICMP message carries the packet routing history and is signed by each forwarding router. After receiving the loaded ICMP messages, attack targets can identify the border routers of reflectors in the first flooding path and then use an ICMP message to inform accountable border routers to continue the traceback process to find the attack agents. In this paper, we propose an automatic, efficient, and secure traceback process across domains and discuss some limitations of the protocol.
Epoxy Nanocomposites Reinforced with Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes (2020)

In this article, amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared by chemical modification of the surface of a MWCNTs using γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and dispersed into the epoxy composition. The modifying agent (APTES) was directly deposited on the MWCNTs surfaces. For the functionalization of MWCNTs, was used not the APTES concentrate, as it had been described in previous works, but its freshly prepared aqueous solution. Properties of APTES-treated MWCNTs were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), Raman spectroscopy and FT-IR. The results showed that the functionalization and chemical compatibility of APTES-treated MWCNTs with epoxy composition provides their best dispersion in the epoxy composition, had important influence on curing behavior, structure and physicochemical properties of the epoxy composites plasticized with trichloroethyl phosphate. The results showed that the functionalization and chemical compatibility of APTES-treated MWCNTs with epoxy composition provides increased of physicomechanical properties of epoxy composites: bending stress increases by 194% and bending modulus increases by 137%, the tensile strength increases by 108% and the tensile elastic modulus increases by 52%, impact strength increases by 300%, in comparison with plasticized epoxy composite that does not contain MWCNTs.