gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Direct brainstem recording of auditory evoked potentials during vestibular schwannoma resection: nuclear BAEP recording (1997)

The usefulness of intraoperative monitoring in cerebellopontine angle surgery should be improved by obtaining faster and stronger brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) responses. A new technique of direct recording at the brainstem has been developed, which is applicable to all tumor sizes. By placing a retractor with electrodes attached to its tip at the cerebellomedullary junction, the authors have recorded BAEP amplitudes that are 10 times greater than those recorded using the conventional technique. Only small sampling numbers (64-256 recordings) are required and are obtained in 5 to 15 seconds. The technique has been applied successfully in 34 patients who underwent vestibular schwannoma resections. It has also been tested in patients with intrameatal-extrameatal meningiomas and in those with vascular compressive disorders; there have been no false results. The advantages of this new technique are: 1) identification of BAEP components is easier and faster; 2) reliable BAEP responses are obtained in some cases in which conventional BAEP responses are lost or severely deformed; and 3) BAEP response deterioration and improvement are recognized earlier than would occur using the conventional technique. This last advantage provides the surgeon with a useful warning at a stage of surgery at which BAEP changes are still temporary and can be reversed. This method is different from other trials of intradural BAEP recordings in three respects: its use is not limited to particular tumor sizes; there is no interference with the surgical process; and, most important, the obtained responses correlate well with those of conventional BAEP responses, probably because the recording site is in the vicinity of the anterior cochlear nucleus. In conclusion, the chances of useful monitoring feedback with adequate adaptation of the microsurgical strategy are improved considerably.
JAK-STAT Signaling Pathways and Inhibitors Affect Reversion of Envelope-Mutated HIV-1 (2017)

HIV can spread by both cell-free and cell-to-cell transmission. Here, we show that many of the amino acid changes in Env that are close to the CD4 binding pocket can affect HIV replication. We generated a number of mutant viruses that were unable to infect T cells as cell-free viruses but were nevertheless able to infect certain T cell lines as cell-associated viruses, which was followed by reversion to the wild type. However, the activation of JAK-STAT signaling pathways caused the inhibition of such cell-to-cell infection as well as the reversion of multiple HIV Env mutants that displayed differences in their abilities to bind to the CD4 receptor. Specifically, two T cell activators, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), both capable of activation of JAK-STAT pathways, were able to inhibit cell-to-cell viral transmission. In contrast, but consistent with the above result, a number of JAK-STAT and mTOR inhibitors actually promoted HIV-1 transmission and reversion. Hence, JAK-STAT signaling pathways may differentially affect the replication of a variety of HIV Env mutants in ways that differ from the role that these pathways play in the replication of wild-type viruses.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Specific alterations in HIV Env close to the CD4 binding site can differentially change the ability of HIV to mediate infection for cell-free and cell-associated viruses. However, such differences are dependent to some extent on the types of target cells used. JAK-STAT signaling pathways are able to play major roles in these processes. This work sheds new light on factors that can govern HIV infection of target cells.
State of Stress and Intraplate Earthquakes in the United States (1981)

Recently compiled data on the state of stress have been used to define stress provinces in the conterminous United States in which the orientation and relative magnitude of the horizontal principal stresses are fairly uniform. The observed pattems of stress constrain mechanisms for generating intraplate lithospheric stresses. Coupled with new information on geologic structure and tectonism in seismically active areas of the Midcontinent and East, these data help to define some characteristics common to these areas and to identify key questions regarding why certain faults seem to be seismically active.
Role of the solvent in large crystal grain growth of inorganic-organic halide FA0.8Cs0.2PbIxBr3 − x perovskite thin films monitored by ellipsometry (2019)

The role of an additional solvent thiosemicarbazide (TSC) in the synthesis of a highly crystallized inorganic–organic halide FA0.8Cs0.2PbIxBr3 − x perovskite using the co-solvent N,N-dimethylformamide/1-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone has been investigated. Ellipsometry combined with x-ray diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy was used for characterization purposes. The average crystal grain size increased from several hundred nanometers to 1–1.5 μm with increasing content of TSC in the co-solvent. Ellipsometry and FTIR spectroscopy revealed that the as-deposited perovskite film before thermal annealing was distorted and featured a large number of voids; also, the Pb ions formed complexes with the C˭S groups in TSC, which suppressed the excessive nucleation. Removal of the co-solvent at the thermal annealing stage facilitated the rearrangement of the [Pb(IxBr3 − x)6]4− octahedral structure from a zero-dimensional to a three-dimensional network, which enhanced crystal grain growth.
Examination of fetal well‐being evaluation metrics for fetal growth restriction as seen from Japan Obstetric Compensation Cause Analysis Report data (2021)

Advances in perinatal care have improved the prognoses of both mothers and neonates; however, cerebral palsy continues to occur. In this study, we examined methods for the intragestational evaluation of the health of infants who later developed cerebral palsy. A retrospective review was conducted on light-for-dates cases among the 2113 cause analysis reports issued by the Japan Obstetric Compensation System between January 2009 and September 2018. In our examination, we determined that non-stress tests and ultrasonic Doppler tests were used to evaluate fetal well-being. Moreover, we observed cases in which additional testing was not performed even when fetal growth restriction (FGR) was identified. Appropriate management of FGR may help reduce the incidence of cerebral palsy.
Positive association of Phencyclidine‐responsive genes, PDE4A and PLAT, with schizophrenia (2011)

Abstract As schizophrenia‐like symptoms are produced by administration of phencyclidine (PCP), a noncompetitive antagonist of N ‐methyl‐ D ‐aspartate (NMDA) receptors, PCP‐responsive genes could be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. We injected PCP to Wistar rats and isolated five different parts of the brain in 1 and 4 hr after the injection. We analyzed the gene expression induced by the PCP treatment of these tissues using the AGILENT rat cDNA microarray system. We observed changes in expression level in 90 genes and 21 ESTs after the treatment. Out of the 10 genes showing &gt;2‐fold expressional change evaluated by qRT‐PCR, we selected 7 genes as subjects for the locus‐wide association study to identify susceptibility genes for schizophrenia in the Japanese population. In haplotype analysis, significant associations were detected in combinations of two SNPs of BTG2 ( P = 1.4 × 10 −6 ), PDE4A ( P = 1.4 × 10 −6 ), and PLAT ( P = 1 × 10 −3 ), after false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Additionally, we not only successfully replicated the haplotype associations in PDE4A ( P = 6.8 × 10 −12 ) and PLAT ( P = 0.015), but also detected single‐point associations of one SNP in PDE4A ( P = 0.0068) and two SNPs in PLAT ( P = 0.0260 and 0.0104) in another larger sample set consisting of 2,224 cases and 2,250 controls. These results indicate that PDE4A and PLAT may be susceptibility genes for schizophrenia in the Japanese population. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Centralized Power Allocation for Interference Limited Networks (2010)

The goal of our work is to limit in-band inter-cell interference in wireless communication cellular systems. Based on interference classification techniques, we propose a novel centralized inter-cell power allocation algorithm which computes the minimum power budget required in each cell to meet its local quality of service (QoS) constraints. Both analytical and numerical results applied to cellular networks show how our algorithm permits to notably reduce both power budget and harmful effects of in-band inter-cell interference, while meeting QoS constraints of users in each cell.
Tracking and Landing of QUAV under Complex Conditions based on Ground-Air Information Fusion (2020)

In recent years, the quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (QUAV) and its combination with the mobile ground vehicle have been widely used in various military and civilian scenarios. This paper takes the cooperation system composed of the QUAV and the mobile ground vehicle as the research object, and conducts in-depth research on the tracking and landing of the QUAV on the mobile ground vehicle. For the tracking and landing of the QUAV in the actual environment, two difficult problems that are easy to appear are mainly discussed: when the mobile ground vehicle has acceleration, the QUAV is easy to loss the target due to the strong maneuverability of the ground vehicle; when the mobile ground vehicle moves on non-horizontal roads, changes of the slope will also affect the tracking and landing of the QUAV. In response to the above two problems, the method of ground-air information fusion is adopted. The sensor information of the ground vehicle is used to reflect the movement and driving conditions of the mobile ground vehicle. And then combined with the current visual tracking status of the QUAV to achieve information adaptive fusion and reasonably adjust the control amount of the QUAV. The tracking and landing strategies of the QUAV under two conditions are designed separately. Finally, the experimental scenarios are built in Gazebo and the effectiveness of the designed methods and strategies are verified.
Successful Treatment of Severe Lamotrigine Intoxication with CytoSorb Hemoadsorption (2021)

Severe intoxication with the anti-epileptic drug, lamotrigine can cause cardiovascular collapse, neurotoxicity - expressed as intractable seizures, and even death. As there is currently no known specific antidote, extracorporeal removal therapies such as CytoSorb hemoadsorption might represent a promising therapeutic option. We report on a deeply comatosed 60-year-old woman who was treated in our intensive care unit with severe lamotrigine intoxication. To support removal from the blood, combined treatment with continuous veno-venous hemodialysis and CytoSorb hemoadsorption was started. Pre- and post-adsorber drug level measurements showed the rapid elimination of lamotrigine accompanied by an impressive clinical improvement in the patient. Two days after treatment discontinuation, there were no more clinical signs of intoxication and the patient could be extubated, followed by transfer to the stroke unit in a stable condition the following day. In the absence of a viable antidote, for the efficient short-term removal of lamotrigine, hemoadsorption with the CytoSorb device could represent a feasible treatment option for patients with severe lamotrigine intoxication.
Minimal Invasive Approach in Atrophic Jaws Rehabilitation Using A Reduced Number of Implants (2019)

In partially or totally edentulous patient, the jaws can have severe limitation for conventional implant treatment. Resorption of jaw reduce in many cases the amount of bone available both in thickness and height, and in the lower jawbone quality is less dense, more bone narrow and thinner than the forehead.
PKC412 inhibits the zinc finger 198-fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 fusion tyrosine kinase and is active in treatment of stem cell myeloproliferative disorder (2004)

Human stem cell leukemia-lymphoma syndrome usually presents itself as a myeloproliferative disorder (MPD) that evolves to acute myeloid leukemia and/or lymphoma. The syndrome associated with t(8;13)(p11;q12) results in expression of the ZNF198-fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 1 fusion tyrosine kinase. Current empirically derived cytotoxic chemotherapy is inadequate for treatment of this disease. We hypothesized that small-molecule inhibitors of the ZNF198-FGFR1 fusion would have therapeutic efficacy. We characterized the transforming activity of ZNF198-FGFR1 in hematopoietic cells in vitro and in vivo. Expression of ZNF198-FGFR1 in primary murine hematopoietic cells caused a myeloproliferative syndrome in mice that recapitulated the human MPD phenotype. Transformation in these assays, and activation of the downstream effector molecules PLC-gamma, STAT5, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT, required the proline-rich domains, but not the ZNF domains, of ZNF198. A small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor, PKC412 (N-benzoyl-staurosporine) effectively inhibited ZNF198-FGFR1 tyrosine kinase activity and activation of downstream effector pathways, and inhibited proliferation of ZNF198-FGFR1 transformed Ba/F3 cells. Furthermore, treatment with PKC412 resulted in statistically significant prolongation of survival in the murine model of ZNF198-FGFR1-induced MPD. Based in part on these data, PKC412 was administered to a patient with t(8;13)(p11;q12) and was efficacious in treatment of progressive myeloproliferative disorder with organomegaly. Therefore, PKC412 may be a useful therapy for treatment of human stem cell leukemia-lymphoma syndrome.
‘Come for the Weight Loss, Stay for the Enjoyment’- Exploring Attributions for Initiating and Maintaining Exercise (2001)

The potential benefits from engaging in physical activity and exercise in terms of both physical and mental health are well established. Regular exercise has been demonstrated to have preventative effects for several chronic illnesses, and it is generally agreed that there is a strong relation between exercise and psychological health. Despite this, exercise levels in the community are generally low. Irish National Health Strategy targets are to increase exercising rates by 20 – 30%. Approximately 50% of adults who commence exercise programmes drop out within six months indicating that, if exercise promotion strategies are to be successful, it is necessary to know both how to get people to adopt exercise, and how to get people to maintain their exercise activity. With a view to informing health promotion practice at community level, this study aimed to identify why regular exercisers continue to exercise, and to determine whether important gender differences exist.
Adaptation Based on Generalized Discrepancy (2019)

We present a new algorithm for domain adaptation improving upon a discrepancy minimization algorithm, (DM), previously shown to outperform a number of algorithms for this problem. Unlike many previ...
MULTI-DIMENSIONAL MODELING OF THE CFR ENGINE FOR THE INVESTIGATION OF SI NATURAL GAS COMBUSTION AND CONTROLLED END-GAS AUTOIGNITION (2021)

Engine knock and misfire are barriers to pathways leading to high-efficiency Spark-Ignited (SI) Natural Gas engines. The general tendency to knock is highly dependent on engine operating conditions and the fuel reactivity. The problem is further complicated by low emission limits and the wide range of chemical reactivity in pipeline quality natural gas. Depending on the region and the source of the natural gas, its reactivity, described by its methane number (analogous to the octane number for liquid SI fuels) can span from 65 - 95. In order to realize diesel-like efficiencies, SI natural gas engines must be designed to operate at high BMEP near knock limits over a wide range of fuel reactivity. This requires a deep understanding regarding the combustion-engine interactions pertaining to flame propagation and end-gas autoignition (EGAI). However, EGAI, if controlled, provides an opportunity to increase SI natural gas engine efficiency by increasing combustion rate and the total burned fuel, mitigating the effects of the slow flame speeds of natural gas fuels which generally reduce BMEP and increase unburned hydrocarbon emissions. For this reason, in order to study EGAI phenomenon, the present work highlights multi-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models of the Cooperative Fuel Research (CFR) engine. The CFR engine models are used to investigate fuel-engine interactions that lead to EGAI with natural gas, including effects of fuel reactivity, engine operating parameters, and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). A Three-Pressure Analysis, performed with GT-Power, was used to estimate initial and boundary conditions for the three-dimensional CFD model. CONVERGE CFD v2.4 was used for the three-dimensional CFD modeling where the level set G-Equation model and SAGE detailed chemical kinetics solver were used. An assessment of the different modeling approaches is also provided to evaluate their limitations, advantages and disadvantages, and for which situations they are most applicable. Model validation was performed with experimental data taken with a CFR engine over varying compression ratio, CA50, EGR fraction, and IMEP and shows good agreement in Peak Cylinder Pressure (PCP), PCP crank angle, and the location of the 10%, 50%, and 90% mass fraction burned (CA10, CA50, and CA90, respectively). The models can predict the onset crank angle and pressure rise rate for light, medium, and heavy EGAI under a variety of fuel reactivities and engine operating conditions.
Highly efficient polymer light-emitting devices using a phosphorescent sensitizer (2002)

Highly efficient single-layer polymer light-emitting diodes that employ Nile Red as a fluorescent dye, with a green phosphorescent-sensitizer, bis(2-phenyl pyridinato-N,C2′) iridium (acetylacetonate) doped in a PVK/PBD host are demonstrated. The function of the phosphorescent sensitizer is to convert the triplet exciton into a singlet exciton during the energy transfer process. Therefore, ideally, all the excitons can be utilized. For comparison, devices with the same structure, but using a fluorescent sensitizer instead of a phosphorescent sensitizer, were fabricated. The efficiency of the phosphor-sensitized device is 6.4 cd/A, almost triple that of lumophor-sensitized or nonsensitized devices. This result indicates that not only singlet excitons but also triplet excitons are efficiently transferred from the host to the fluorescent dye when a phosphorescent material is used as a sensitizer.
Type-2 Isopentenyl Diphosphate Isomerase: Evidence for a Stepwise Mechanism (2011)

Isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase (IDI) catalyzes the interconversion of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). These two molecules are the building blocks for construction of isoprenoid carbon skeletons in nature. Two structurally unrelated forms of IDI are known. A variety of studies support a proton addition/proton elimination mechanism for both enzymes. During studies with Thermus thermophilus IDI-2, we discovered that the olefinic hydrogens of a vinyl thiomethyl analogue of isopentenyl diphosphate exchanged with solvent when the enzyme was incubated with D(2)O without concomitant isomerization of the double bond. These results suggest that the enzyme-catalyzed isomerization reaction is not concerted.
#653 Chromosomal mapping of a new helicase gene (1998)

Kim, J.; Lee, D. W.; Ning, Z. Q.; Zhang, K.; Blough, R.; Raabe, E.; Arceci, R. Author Information
A slow-adapting microfluidic based tactile sensor (2008)

We present a microfluidic based tactile sensor mimicking the human slow-adapting mechanoreceptor. The sensor is composed of a Polyimide (PI) / Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) multilayer structure. The device uses a hemispherical reservoir filled with electrolyte solution in PDMS layer, a microchannel in PI layer and a pair of sensing electrodes below the microchannel as the force transducer. The tactile signal is detected as the impedance change resulting predominantly from the resistance variance by the electrodes coverage of 1M NaCl solution and is measured across the electrode pair. The testing results demonstrate the device working range, various force sensing and long term signal stability.
Genomic Analysis of a Serotype 5Streptococcus pneumoniaeOutbreak in British Columbia, Canada, 2005–2009 (2016)

Background. Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause a wide spectrum of disease, including invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). From 2005 to 2009 an outbreak of IPD occurred in Western Canada, caused by a S. pneumoniae strain with multilocus sequence type (MLST) 289 and serotype 5. We sought to investigate the incidence of IPD due to this S. pneumoniae strain and to characterize the outbreak in British Columbia using whole-genome sequencing. Methods. IPD was defined according to Public Health Agency of Canada guidelines. Two isolates representing the beginning and end of the outbreak were whole-genome sequenced. The sequences were analyzed for single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and putative genomic islands. Results. The peak of the outbreak in British Columbia was in 2006, when 57% of invasive S. pneumoniae isolates were serotype 5. Comparison of two whole-genome sequenced strains showed only 10 SNVs between them. A 15.5 kb genomic island was identified in outbreak strains, allowing the design of a PCR assay to track the spread of the outbreak strain. Discussion. We show that the serotype 5 MLST 289 strain contains a distinguishing genomic island, which remained genetically consistent over time. Whole-genome sequencing holds great promise for real-time characterization of outbreaks in the future and may allow responses tailored to characteristics identified in the genome.
A next-generation tumor-targeting IL-2 preferentially promotes tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T-cell response and effective tumor control (2019)

While IL-2 can potently activate both NK and T cells, its short in vivo half-life, severe toxicity, and propensity to amplify Treg cells are major barriers that prevent IL-2 from being widely used for cancer therapy. In this study, we construct a recombinant IL-2 immunocytokine comprising a tumor-targeting antibody (Ab) and a super mutant IL-2 (sumIL-2) with decreased CD25 binding and increased CD122 binding. The Ab-sumIL2 significantly enhances antitumor activity through tumor targeting and specific binding to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). We also observe that pre-existing CTLs within the tumor are sufficient and essential for sumIL-2 therapy. This next-generation IL-2 can also overcome targeted therapy-associated resistance. In addition, preoperative sumIL-2 treatment extends survival much longer than standard adjuvant therapy. Finally, Ab-sumIL2 overcomes resistance to immune checkpoint blockade through concurrent immunotherapies. Therefore, this next-generation IL-2 reduces toxicity while increasing TILs that potentiate combined cancer therapies.