gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of a logarithmic k‐space spiral trajectory (2001)

Spiral acquisitions are used in fast cardiac imaging because they traverse k-space efficiently and minimize flow artifacts. A variable pitch logarithmic spiral trajectory is designed to critically sample the low-frequency region in k-space and gradually undersample the high-frequency region. An approximate analytical expression for the trajectory provides a fast means to calculate the gradient waveforms and the sampled data points. A numerical method is introduced based on the trajectory curvature and the rate of change in the gradient magnitude with time for the composite Archimedean-logarithmic trajectory. The pulse sequence is implemented and images are acquired on phantoms and human hearts. The images show improved image resolution and some improvement in image quality as a result of increased extent in k-space and reduction in aliasing artifacts, respectively.
Crucial role of effector T cell-derived IL-10 in regulating lung inflammation and pulmonary function during primary RSV infection (137.13) (2010)

Abstract Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the leading viral cause of severe lower respiratory tract illness in young infants. Clinical studies have documented that genetic polymorphism of a regulatory cytokine IL-10 is associated with the development of severe bronchiotis in RSV infected infants. However the tempo, source and function of IL-10 during the RSV infection remain unclear. Here, we have examined the role of IL-10 in a murine model of primary RSV infection. We found that high levels of IL-10 are produced in the respiratory tract at the onset of adaptive immune responses. The main cellular sources of the IL-10 are infiltrating anti-viral effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (Te). We showed that the function of the Te-derived IL-10 in vivo is mainly to limit the pro-inflammatory activity of the anti-viral Te themselves and thus to control the exaggerated pulmonary inflammation induced by the infiltrating Te. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the inhibition of the exaggerated inflammation by IL-10 is essential in maintaining normal pulmonary function of the host. Our data not only discovered a novel function of IL-10 (i.e., autocrine inhibition of the inflammatory activity of Te) during infection but provided potential explanation and cellular mechanism for the early clinical studies demonstrating a link between IL-10 gene polymorphism and the development of pulmonary diseases during RSV infection.
Massively parallel simulations of Brownian dynamics particle transport in low pressure parallel-plate reactors (1996)

An understanding of particle transport is necessary to reduce contamination of semiconductor wafers during low-pressure processing. The trajectories of particles in these reactors are determined by external forces (the most important being neutral fluid drag, thermophoresis, electrostatic, viscous ion drag, and gravitational), by Brownian motion (due to neutral and charged gas molecule collisions), and by particle inertia. Gas velocity and temperature fields are also needed for particle transport calculations, but conventional continuum fluid approximations break down at low pressures when the gas mean free path becomes comparable to chamber dimensions. Thus, in this work we use a massively parallel direct simulation Monte Carlo method to calculate low-pressure internal gas flow fields which show temperature jump and velocity slip at the reactor boundaries. Because particle residence times can be short compared to particle response times in these low-pressure systems (for which continuum diffusion theory fails), we solve the Langevin equation using a numerical Lagrangian particle tracking model which includes a fluctuating Brownian force. Because of the need for large numbers of particle trajectories to ensure statistical accuracy, the particle tracking model is also implemented on a massively parallel computer. The particle transport model is validated by comparison to the Ornstein–Furth theoretical result for the mean square displacement of a cloud of particles. For long times, the particles tend toward a Maxwellian spatial distribution, while at short times, particle spread is controlled by their initial (Maxwellian) velocity distribution. Several simulations using these techniques are presented for particle transport and deposition in a low pressure, parallel-plate reactor geometry. The corresponding particle collection efficiencies on a wafer for different particle sizes, gas temperature gradients, and gas pressures are evaluated.
Supercritical Fluid Spray Application Process for Adhesives and Primers (2003)

In this project, we reformulated various solvent borne, high volatile organic compound (VOC) adhesives and adhesive primers, as cited in SERDP's Statement of Need, for application by a supercritical carbon dioxide spray process. Over the last several years, a new spray application process has been developed for polymeric based paints and other coatings that can reduce solvent VOC emissions up to 80%. This process was conceived by the principal investigator of this project and has been commercialized by the Dow Chemical Company. This unique process (known as the UNICARB (trademark) process) is based on the use of supercritical carbon dioxide as a replacement for organic solvents in multi-component spray coating formulations. By adapting this process to adhesives and adhesive primer applications, stringent compliance standards can be achieved respective to environmental, toxicological, materials compatibility, and, physical property performance characteristics as outlined in the original proposal and Statement of Need. Furthermore, by employing this process to apply adhesives that are presently used in the military, the costs incurred for developing and testing new (different) low/no-VOC, non-structural adhesives will be negated.
Chemical‐modification rescue assessed by mass spectrometry demonstrates that γ‐thia‐lysine yields the same activity as lysine in aldolase (2002)

The role of active site residues in fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase is investigated by chemical-modification rescue. An active-site mutation, K107C, is constructed in a background where the four solvent-accessible cysteine residues are converted to alanine. The resulting mutant, tetK107C, when reacted with bromoethylamine (BrEA), shows a 40-fold increase in activity (to 80% that of wild type). Determination of the sites and their degree of modification using electrospray ionization Fourier transform mass spectrometry (ESI-FTMS) is developed, allowing correlation of activity after chemical modification rescue to the degree of modification. The stoichiometry of the reaction is 2.5 aminoethylations per subunit, as measured by ESI-FTMS. Protein modification with a double-labeled mix (1:1) of natural abundance isotope (d(0)-BrEA) and 2-bromoethyl-1,1,2,2-d4-amine hydrobromide (d(4)-BrEA), followed by dialysis and trypsin digestion, shows aminoethylated peptides as "twin peptides" separated by four mass units in ESI-FTMS analysis. Using this detection procedure under nondenaturing (native) conditions, C107 is aminoethylated, whereas the four buried thiols remain unlabeled. Aminoethylation of other residues is observed, and correlates with those peptides containing histidine, methionine, and/or the amino terminus. Quantification of the aminoethylation reaction is achieved by labeling with nondeuterated d(0)-BrEA under denaturing conditions following double labeling under native conditions. In addition to complete labeling all five thiols, the intensity of the d(0)-BrEA peak for C107 containing peptides increases, and the change in the d(0)/d(4) ratio between native and denaturing conditions shows 82 +/- 4.5% aminoethylation at C107. This correlation of modification with the recovered activity, indicates that gamma-thia-lysine replaces lysine in the catalytic mechanism. Kinetic constants measured for the rescued K107C mutant enzyme with the substrates fructose 1-phosphate and fructose 1,6-bisphosphate are consistent with the role of the positively charged lysine binding to the C6-phosphate. ESI-FTMS, combined with this double-labeling procedure, allows precise identification of sites and measurement of degree of protein modification.
Two-Photon Fluorescence Imaging with a Tumor Penetrating Bioconjugate (2011)

2PA fluorophores optimized for targeting and tissue penetrating capability should enable monitoring of tumors. 2PFM micrographs of whole-mount prostate tumor specimens using a novel tissue-penetrating bioconjugate probe showed remarkable detail of the tumor cell morphology.
Cultured Vagal Afferent Neurons as Sensors for Intestinal Effector Molecules (2023)

The gut-brain axis embodies the bi-directional communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system (CNS), where vagal afferent neurons (VANs) serve as sensors for a variety of gut-derived signals. The gut is colonized by a large and diverse population of microorganisms that communicate via small (effector) molecules, which also act on the VAN terminals situated in the gut viscera and consequently influence many CNS processes. However, the convoluted in vivo environment makes it difficult to study the causative impact of the effector molecules on VAN activation or desensitization. Here, we report on a VAN culture and its proof-of-principle demonstration as a cell-based sensor to monitor the influence of gastrointestinal effector molecules on neuronal behavior. We initially compared the effect of surface coatings (poly-L-lysine vs. Matrigel) and culture media composition (serum vs. growth factor supplement) on neurite growth as a surrogate of VAN regeneration following tissue harvesting, where the Matrigel coating, but not the media composition, played a significant role in the increased neurite growth. We then used both live-cell calcium imaging and extracellular electrophysiological recordings to show that the VANs responded to classical effector molecules of endogenous and exogenous origin (cholecystokinin serotonin and capsaicin) in a complex fashion. We expect this study to enable platforms for screening various effector molecules and their influence on VAN activity, assessed by their information-rich electrophysiological fingerprints.
Integration of LED chip within patch antenna geometry for hybrid FSO/RF communication (2010)

A free space optical (FSO)/radio frequency (RF) dual mode communication transmitter using a LED integrated within the geometry of a planar patch antenna on a shared substrate is demonstrated. An experimental FSO link is constructed with a bare die visible LED and a commercial silicon photodetector. The antenna radiating at a centre frequency of 10 GHz, provides a simultaneously operated backup RF channel for the FSO data communication link to enhance reliability. A date rate of 20 Mbits is achieved for the FSO data communication.
Biological Control for Insect Management in Strawberries (1969)

The strawberry, Fragaria ananassa Duch., is an intensively cultivated high value crop that requires inputs of chemicals, including insecticides and miticides. Through early identification of arthropod problems, and targeted releases of reared beneficial insects and mites, it may be feasible to minimize the requirements for pesticides on strawberry. This document is HS923, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: June 2003.
Use of interlock fibered detachable coils for occlusion of collaterals, coronary artery fistulae, and patent ductus arteriosus (2009)

Transcatheter vascular coil embolization with IDCs can be performed safely and effectively in a variety of circumstances.
Donor haptoglobin phenotype determines outcome following liver transplantation (2011)

Haptoglobin (Hp) is a polymorphic plasma protein with multiple functions defined by three major phenotypes (Hp 1-1, Hp 2-1, and Hp 2-2). In this article, the effects of the donor Hp phenotype (determined by starch gel electrophoresis) on the outcome and the iron status after liver transplantation were investigated. A total of 450 liver transplant patients were enrolled in this study with a median follow-up of 37 months. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression survival analyses showed a significantly worse graft survival for liver transplantation cases with an Hp 2-2 donor phenotype, which was associated with an increased mortality rate in this group. In male patients, the Hp 2-2 phenotype was associated with higher serum ferritin concentrations, which may be linked to the significantly increased likelihood of infectious complications in this phenotype. Liver transplant patients with Hp 1-1 and Hp 2-1 grafts had a better outcome probability than recipients of an Hp 2-2 graft, which may be explained by differences in iron metabolism induced by the Hp genotype of the graft.
EcoCyc: Encyclopedia of Escherichia coli genes and metabolism (1998)

The EcoCyc database describes the genome and gene products of Escherichia coli, its metabolic and signal-transduction pathways, and its tRNAs. The database describes 4391 genes of E.coli, 695 enzymes encoded by a subset of these genes, 904 metabolic reactions that occur in E.coli, and the organization of these reactions into 129 metabolic pathways. The EcoCyc graphical user interface allows scientists to query and explore the EcoCyc database using visualization tools such as genomic-map browsers and automatic layouts of metabolic pathways. EcoCyc has many references to the primary literature, and is a (qualitative) computational model of E. coli metabolism. EcoCyc is available at URL http://ecocyc. PangeaSystems.com/ecocyc/
A model-based traction control strategy non-reliant on wheel slip information (2011)

A traction control system (TCS) for two-wheel-drive vehicles can conveniently be realised by means of slip control. Such a TCS is modified in this paper in order to be applicable to four-wheel-drive vehicles and anti-lock braking systems, where slip information is not readily available. A reference vehicle model is used to estimate the vehicle velocity. The reference model is excited by a saw-tooth signal in order to adapt the slip for maximum tyre traction performance. The model-based TCS is made robust to vehicle modelling errors by extending it with (i) a superimposed loop of tyre static curve gradient control or (ii) a robust switching controller based on a bi-directional saw-tooth excitation signal. The proposed traction control strategies are verified by experiments and computer simulations.
Preparation and Characterization of PVB/Nano-TiO_2 Composites by In-situ Polymerization (2009)

Through dispersion of nano-TiO2 in an aqueous PVA solution with supersonic vibration,PVB/nano-TiO2 composites were prepared.The microstructure,morphology,and properties of the composites were studied using FT-IR,UV-VIS,DSC,TG,and AFM.The nano-TiO2 was well dispersed in PVB.The mechanical properties were improved obviously by nano-TiO2,the elongation at break was increased by 6 times based on neat resin.Meanwhile,the composites showed excellent shielding to the ultraviolet ray.The heat-resistance of the composites was also improved.
Spectral ellipsometry of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides: Analysis of excitonic peaks in dispersion (2019)

Optical constants of monolayers MoS2 and WS2 were measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry in the spectral range 365–1700 nm. Analysis of ellipsometry spectra was carried out, taking into account the excitonic nature of dispersion. In the considered wavelength range, excitons originate from different interband transitions. As a result, they can be described via Tauc–Lorentz oscillators, one for each exciton. The scalability and universality of such an approach could be applied for the extended wavelength range and to the other transition metal dichalcogenides.
Photosensitized cationic polymerizations using dialkylphenacylsulfonium and dialkyl(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfonium salt photoinitiators (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotosensitized cationic polymerizations using dialkylphenacylsulfonium and dialkyl(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfonium salt photoinitiatorsJ. V. Crivello and J. L. LeeCite this: Macromolecules 1981, 14, 5, 1141–1147Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1981https://doi.org/10.1021/ma50006a001Request reuse permissionsArticle Views625Altmetric-Citations104LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (770 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An electrical crevasse detector (1956)

Abstract Numerous fatal encounters with large crevasses concealed by bridges of drifted snow have occurred on the Greenland icecap and elsewhere. In response to an urgent need for rapid and reliable means of crevasse detection, a promising geophysical method has now been developed for the Department of Defense. This method is analogous to the four-electrode method of measuring earth resistivities. It is different in that an alternating dielectric displacement-current field is employed rather than a field of conduction current since the ice medium is essentially a nonconductor. As a result, basic differences in technique are necessary. The systems tested in Greenland and Antarctica, to date, which employ this method, continuously indicate or record the capacitive transfer reactance between pairs of electrode sleds or vehicles. Systems have been operated successfully while in motion at surface speeds up to 20 miles per hour. Pronounced and distinctive electrical anomalies have been obtained at every crevasse tested to date. Typical crevasse-detector recordings and details of the equipment and techniques used are presented. Some potential applications of the mutual-capacitance method in mineral prospecting and other fields are suggested.
Soybean yield, biological N2 fixation and seed composition responses to additional inoculation in the United States (2019)

It is unclear if additional inoculation with Bradyrhizobia at varying soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] growth stages can impact biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), increase yield and improve seed composition [protein, oil, and amino acid (AA) concentrations]. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of different soybean inoculation strategies (seed coating and additional soil inoculation at V4 or R1) on: (i) seed yield, (ii) seed composition, and (iii) BNF traits [nodule number and relative abundance of ureides (RAU)]. Soybean field trials were conducted in 11 environments (four states of the US) to evaluate four treatments: (i) control without inoculation, (ii) seed inoculation, (iii) seed inoculation + soil inoculation at V4, and (iv) seed inoculation + soil inoculation at R1. Results demonstrated no effect of seed or additional soil inoculation at V4 or R1 on either soybean seed yield or composition. Also, inoculation strategies produced similar values to the non-inoculated control in terms of nodule number and RAU, a reflection of BNF. Therefore, we conclude that in soils with previous history of soybean and under non-severe stress conditions (e.g. high early-season temperature and/or saturated soils), there is no benefit to implementing additional inoculation on soybean yield and seed composition.
The role of association of ions in ionic liquid/molecular solvent mixtures on metal extraction (2017)

Several mixtures of butyl acetate (BA) and an ionic liquid (1-methyl-3-octylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [C<sub>1</sub>C<sub>8</sub>Pyrro][NTf<sub>2</sub>], 1-octyl-pyridinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [C<sub>8</sub>Pyr][NTf<sub>2</sub>], 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [C<sub>1</sub>C<sub>4</sub>Im][NTf<sub>2</sub>] or 1-octyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [C<sub>1</sub>C<sub>8</sub>Im][NTf<sub>2</sub>]) have been characterized by measuring density, viscosity and conductivity, from pure BA to pure ILs at 298.15 K. The ionicity of these mixtures has been determined on the basis of electrical conductivity and NMR spectroscopy. IR spectra of these mixtures were used to examine the interactions between ions. In parallel, Pt(iv) was extracted from the acidic aqueous phase towards mixtures of BA and [C<sub>1</sub>C<sub>8</sub>Im][NTf<sub>2</sub>] over the entire composition range. A drastic modification in the distribution coefficient of Pt(iv) was observed at ca x<sub>AB</sub> = 0.8. A drop was also observed in the ionicity of the extracting phase (IL + BA) at a similar composition. The variation of the distribution coefficient is ascribed to changes in the interactions in the mixtures, which in turn could induce changes in the extraction mechanism.
The association between lower Hounsfield units on computed tomography and cage subsidence after lateral lumbar interbody fusion (2020)

Lower HU values on preoperative CT are associated with cage subsidence after LLIF. Measurement of preoperative HU values on CT may be useful when planning LLIF surgery.
Feasibility study on quantitative analysis of coal content in co-firing biomass-coal blends by near infrared spectroscopy (2011)

Rapid quantitative analysis of coal content in co-firing biomass-coal blends is greatly important for drawing up reasonable precept about biomass co-firing power generation subsidy. The use of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) predicting coal content in straw-coal blends was investigated in this study. A total of 81 straw-coal blends samples with the coal content from 1% to 9% were prepared and separated into a calibration set and a validation set according to 7/9 and 2/9 ratio. Spectra were scanned by a FT-NIR spectrometer. The regression coefficient method (RC) and the genetic algorithm (GA) were used for spectral region selection. Quantitative analysis models for coal content were established by partial least squares (PLS). The results showed that variables for models decreased from 3, 001 to 141, relative coefficient (R), standard error of prediction (SEP) and the ratio of performance to standard deviation (RPD) in validation were 0.95, 0.80% and 3.31 by using RC-PLS method, respectivelly. When using GA-PLS, the variables for models decreased from 3, 001 to 11, R, SEP and RPD in validation were 0.90, 1.17% and 2.59, respectivelly. It is concluded that NIRS with RC-PLS or GA-PLS is feasible for fast quantitative analysis of the coal content in co-firing biomass-coal blends.