gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Soldier Integrated Headwear System: System Design Process (2006)

The aim of the Soldier Integrated Headwear System - Technology Demonstration Project (SIHS TDP) is to empirically determine the most promising headwear integration concept that significantly enhances the survivability and effectiveness of the future Canadian soldier/warfighter. The SIHS TDP will develop, evaluate, and demonstrate novel concepts for integrating enhanced protection, sensing, information display, and communications technologies into a headwear system. To achieve this aim the SIHS programme will develop and demonstrate three unique technology concept types that represent different levels of integration. These concept types will range from a combined add on system where components are added to existing headwear systems, to a modular/compatible approach where subsystem functionality can be added or removed as and when needed, to a fully and permanently encapsulated design where weight, space, protection and functionality are optimized. The three systems would ideally used in comparative studies to determine the most suitable integration concept for the future Canadian soldier. This document outlines a process for designing and developing the three alternative SIHS concept types to successfully meet the objectives of the programme. The process outlined in this document provides both a philosophical viewpoint on the SIHS design process as well as a framework for achieving these goals. This document is not intended as a detailed project plan with timings and taskings but serves as the framework for writing such a plan.
Rapid diagnostic test for the major mutation underlying Batten disease. (1996)

Batten disease is the most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder of childhood in western countries. A novel cDNA responsible for Batten disease has recently been identified. We have developed a rapid diagnostic solid phase minisequencing test to detect the major 1.02 kb deletion which is responsible for 81% of affected chromosomes in Batten disease worldwide. In Finland, 90% of Batten chromosomes carry the major deletion owing to the enrichment of the CLN3 gene in the isolated Finnish population.
Injecting Memory Leaks to Accelerate Software Failures (2011)

A number of studies have reported the phenomenon of "Software aging", caused by resource exhaustion and characterized by progressive software performance degradation. We develop experiments that simulate an on-line bookstore application, following the standard configuration of TPC-W benchmark. We study the application failures caused by memory leaks, using the accelerated life tests method. In our experiments, the memory consumption rate is selected as the acceleration factor, and an IPL-lognormal model is used to estimate the time to failure at each acceleration level. Subsequently, the estimate of the time to failure distribution at normal condition is obtained. Our acceleration experimental results based on the IPL-lognormal model show that it can be used to greatly reduce the cost to obtain the time to failure at normal level, which can be used in scheduling software rejuvenation. Finally, we select the Weibull time to failure distribution at normal level, to be used in a semi-Markov process, to optimize the software rejuvenation trigger interval.
Home telerehabilitation maintenance program for patients affected by COPD and CHF (2016)

<b>Aim:</b> COPD and CHF often coexist. There is a lack of studies about rehabilitative interventions in these patients. This multicenter RCT was conducted to study efficacy of an Home Maintenance Telerehabilitation Program (HMTP) compared to usual care. <b>Methods:</b> After inpatient rehabilitation, the patients were randomized into a treatment group (TG, n = 57) and a control group (CG,n= 56). The TG received nurse telemonitoring and an home rehabilitation program (≥3 sessions/week of mini-ergometer, muscle strengthening, walking sessions, pedometer, and 2/week phone or videocalls by the physiotherapist). At baseline(T0), at the end of HMTP (4 months-T4), and after 2 months of follow-up(T6) we evaluated: exercise tolerance, dispnea and muscle fatigue, blood oxygenation, physical activity profile and quality of life. Also, mortality, hospitalizations, drop-outs and side effects were evaluated. <b>Results:</b> 20% of patients in the TG and 37.5% in the CG were lost to follow-up (p=0.0365). The days free of hospitalizations were more higher in the TG than CG (p=0.0374). At T4, TG improved respect to CG: exercise capacity (Δ6mWT +60±133 vs -15±82, p=0.001),dyspnea (ΔBorg scale -0.4±1.2 vs +0.6±1.4, p&lt;0.001),muscular fatigue (ΔBorg scale -0.5±1.3 vs +0.8±1.3, p&lt;0.001),physical activity (ΔPASE +18±67 vs -28±50, p&lt;0.001)and quality of life(ΔMinnesota -1.06±13.1 vs -10.04±12.1, p=0.0017 and ΔCAT -5.11±5.7 vs -1.4±5.72,p&lt;0.001). At T6, all outcome measures maintained an improving trend in TG compared to CG. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our HMPT was proved feasible and effective to maintain the improvement in rehabilitative outcomes and quality of life in patients with COPD and CHF. ** study partially founded by MINISTERO DELLA SALUTE ITALIANO.
Hormone-sensitive lipase is involved in hepatic cholesteryl ester hydrolysis (2008)

Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) regulates the hydrolysis of acylglycerol and cholesteryl ester (CE) in various organs, including adipose tissues. However, the hepatic expression level of HSL has been reported to be almost negligible. In the present study, we found that mice lacking both leptin and HSL (Lep(ob/ob)/HSL(-/-)) showed massive accumulation of CE in the liver compared with Lep(ob/ob)/HSL(+/+) mice, while triacylglycerol (TG) accumulation was modest. Similarly, feeding with a high-cholesterol diet induced hepatic CE accumulation in HSL(-/-) mice. Supporting these observations, we detected significant expression of protein as well as mRNA of HSL in the liver. HSL(-/-) mice showed reduced activity of CE hydrolase, but not of TG lipase, in the liver compared with wild-type mice. Furthermore, we confirmed the expression of HSL in viable parenchymal cells isolated from wild-type mice. The hepatocytes from HSL(-/-) mice showed reduced activity of CE hydrolase and contained more CE than those from HSL(+/+) mice even without the incubation with lipoproteins. Incubation with LDL further augmented the accumulation of CE in the HSL-deficient hepatocytes. From these results, we conclude that HSL is involved in the hydrolysis of CE in hepatocyes.
Measurement of Glucose in Blood with a Phenylboronic Acid Optical Sensor (2008)

The ability of phenylboronic acid sensors to measure glucose in whole blood was demonstrated for the first time. Holographic sensors are ideally suited to continuous blood glucose measurements, being physically and chemically robust and potentially calibration free.
EEG Neurofeedback: A Brief Overview and an Example of Peak Alpha Frequency Training for Cognitive Enhancement in the Elderly (2006)

Neurofeedback (NF) is an electroencephalographic (EEG) biofeedback technique for training individuals to alter their brain activity via operant conditioning. Research has shown that NF helps reduce symptoms of several neurological and psychiatric disorders, with ongoing research currently investigating applications to other disorders and to the enhancement of non-disordered cognition. The present article briefly reviews the fundamentals and current status of NF therapy and research and illustrates the basic approach with an interim report on a pilot study aimed at developing a new NF protocol for improving cognitive function in the elderly. EEG peak alpha frequency (PAF) has been shown to correlate positively with cognitive performance and to correlate negatively with age after childhood. The present pilot study used a double-blind controlled design to investigate whether training older individuals to increase PAF would result in improved cognitive performance. The results suggested that PAF NF improved cognitive processing speed and executive function, but that it had no clear effect on memory. In sum, the results suggest that the PAF NF protocol is a promising technique for improving selected cognitive functions.
Anorectal physiology is not changed following transanal haemorrhoidal dearterialization for haemorrhoidal disease: clinical, manometric and endosonographic features (2011)

THD does not cause trauma to the anal canal and rectum.
Effect of neutron irradiation on Nb 3 Sn wire (2018)

Abstract A Nb 3 Sn wire which was manufactured for the ITER toroidal field coil conductor by a bronze route process was prepared for this study to investigate the effect of neutron irradiation on the critical current in a high magnetic field. The critical current of the virgin wire was measured in liquid helium with a 28 T hybrid superconducting magnet at the High Field Laboratory for Superconducting Materials in Tohoku University. It was also measured in vacuum with a heat conduction type variable temperature insert (VTI) at the International Research Center for Nuclear Materials Science at Tohoku University. The wire was irradiated at below 100 °C by fission neutrons at up to 4.9 × 10 22 neutrons m −2 (&gt;0.1 MeV) at BR2 in Belgium, and the critical current after the irradiation was evaluated with a VTI in the range of 8–15.5 T. The difference of the critical current measured with two facilities was discussed, focussing on Joule heating of the sample holder which was made of pure copper, and the neutron irradiation effect on the critical current was investigated in the range of up to 15.5 T. The results show that the critical current measured in vacuum becomes lower than that in liquid helium because of the temperature rise of the sample holder where the sample was soldered, the critical current was increased by the neutron irradiation, and the current ratio (I C /I C0 ) was almost constant of 1.75 in the range of 8–15.5 T at around 4 K.
Inversion of Experimental Optical Data. (1984)

Abstract : There exist several inversion techniques for inferring the particle size distributions from scattering measurements done on aerosols composed of spherical particles. This report will treat several areas related to the practical application of inversion algorithms to actual experimental measurements to obtain size distributions. The first area to be discussed is the one of which measurements to make. Optimization of the measurement process will be discussed in Section 2. Section 3 presents the data that will be used in the inversion and preliminary analysis. In Section 4 an analytic inversion technique will be applied to the simulated experimental data provided by the Chemical Research and Development Center (CRDC) to obtain particle size distributions. Section 5 will discuss an extension of the analytic inversion method in which constraints can added to improve the inversion and yet the effects of the data and constraints can be separated quantitatively. Recommendations for future research are made in Section 6.
Increased Plasma S100A12 (EN-RAGE) Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (2004)

S100A12, also called EN-RAGE (extracellular newly identified receptor for advanced glycation end products binding protein) or calcium-binding protein in amniotic fluid-1, is a ligand for RAGE. It has been shown that S100A12 induces adhesion molecules such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in the vascular endothelial cell and mediates migration and activation of monocytes/macrophages through RAGE binding and that infusion of lipopolysaccharide into mice causes time-dependent increase of S100A12 in the plasma. Therefore, circulating S100A12 protein may be involved in chronic inflammation in the atherosclerotic lesion. In this study, we developed an ELISA system that uses specific monoclonal antibodies against recombinant human S100A12 to measure plasma S100A12 levels in patients with diabetes. On using our S100A12 ELISA system, the coef-ficients of variation of intra-and interassay were less than 4 and 9%, respectively. The analytical lower detection limit was 0.2 ng/ml. When plasma S100A12 levels were measured by this system, the concentrations were more than twice as high in the patients with diabetes, compared with those without. Using univariate analysis in all subjects, plasma S100A12 concentrations correlated with hemoglobin A1c, fasting glucose, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and white blood cell count.
Neuroimaging in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2003)

Several neuroimaging modalities have been used with varying success to aid the clinical process of establishing the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). By demonstrating evidence of occult upper motor neuron degeneration in vivo, a speedier and more definitive diagnosis in suspected cases could lead to earlier treatment and earlier enrollment in clinical trials. Findings compatible with ALS on routine MRI are not consistently found and are non-specific. Thus, routine anatomic imaging is useful in ruling out diseases that mimic ALS, but not in classification of new cases. Functional imaging techniques, such as PET and fMRI, have provided fascinating insights into the cortical functional reorganization that accompanies muscular weakness. PET and SPECT have revealed involvement of regions of the brain beyond the motor cortex, something not well appreciated by pathological examination. Of great need is a surrogate marker of therapeutic efficacy to make drug evaluation more efficient; neuroimaging, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy in particular, holds great promise in this regard in addition to helping us better understand the of neurodegeneration.
Modeling and Simulation of Drug Release from Granule Coated with an Aqueous-Based System of Acrylic Copolymer. (1995)

In a previous paper, [Watano et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 42, 2338 (1994)], we proposed a simple model which could be used to analyze data of controlled release of a water-soluble drug from spherical particles coated with an aqueous-based system of acrylic copolymer by a tumbling fluidized bed process. The model predicted that the fractional release of drug was related to exponential of release time, and drug release data of several samples prepared with various levels of operational moisture content were studied to determine the effect of this content on film thickness and drug permeability.In this study, to confirm the method's validity, we simulated the drug release rate at various moisture content and coating levels using the proposed model. The simulated results were compared with the experimental data to evaluate the accuracy of the model. The mechanism of aqueous coating was also described using the simulated results.
PROMs+ : AI-based PROMs (Patient-Reported Outcome Measures) as a Decision Support System (DSS) for the physician (2022)

PROMs are based on patient’s perception of a disease and its treatment. It is used to collect important data from the patient regarding a disease progression or treatment outcomes that might not be captured by a clinical measurement at the clinic and may be as important as clinical measurements for
Viral persistence redirects CD4 T cell differentiation toward T follicular helper cells (2011)

CD4 T cell responses are crucial to prevent and control viral infection; however, virus-specific CD4 T cell activity is considered to be rapidly lost during many persistent viral infections. This is largely caused by the fact that during viral persistence CD4 T cells do not produce the classical Th1 cytokines associated with control of acute viral infections. Considering that CD4 T cell help is critical for both CD8 T cell and B cell functions, it is unclear how CD4 T cells can lose responsiveness but continue to sustain long-term control of persistent viral replication. We now demonstrate that CD4 T cell function is not extinguished as a result of viral persistence. Instead, viral persistence and prolonged T cell receptor stimulation progressively redirects CD4 T cell development away from the Th1 response induced during an acute infection toward T follicular helper cells. Importantly, this sustained CD4 T cell functionality is critical to maintain immunity and ultimately aid in the control of persistent viral infection.
Lensfree 3D Tracking of Sperms at High-throughput (2012)

A lensfree holographic imaging platform which can track the 3D motion of &gt;1,500 human sperms within an observation volume of 8-17 mm3 is developed to reveal the statistics of the rare (~4.4%) and mostly right-handed (~90%) helical trajectories.
Comparison of log-periodic, dual-stacked log-periodic, and horn antenna on the field uniformity and power efficiency from 80 MHz to 1 GHz (2017)

A Comparison of 4 different types of antennas, - a biconical (dipole like-type) antenna, a single log periodic dipole antenna (LPDA), a dual-stacked log periodic antenna (dual-stacked LPDA, HL043E) and Extended-Double Ridge Guide (Ext-DRG) Horn antenna has been performed. The aims are to obtain an analysis of the homogeneity of the field as well as the required power, i.e, the efficiency. For all measurements the same test setup, according to IEC 61000-4-3 at 3 m distance, has been used. The result show that field uniformities from-Dual-stacked LPDA antenna and Ext-DRG Horn antenna are very good, comparable and much below the limit, while single LPDA has lower uniformity. Regarding to the forward power injected to the antennas, the Ext-DRG Horn antenna is the most efficient antenna compared to the other antennas.
Measurement of sunlight-induced transient species in surface waters (1988)

Sunlight irradiation of natural waters results in absorption of light by dissolved organic and inorganic compounds which then generate a variety of transient species including excited state dissolved organic materials ( 3 DOM), singlet oxygen ('02), peroxy radicals (ROO-), hydroxyl radicals (HO-), solvated electrons (caq), and superoxide ion (2-) 11-125.The transient nature of these species causes
Regioselective Nucleophilic Substitution of Halogen Derivatives of 1-Substituted 4-Oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic Acids (1998)

The rate of the nucleophilic displacement of the fluoro atom of 7fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylate could he enhanced either by the introduction of further fluoro atom(s) into position(s) 6 andlor 8, or by the formation of a boron chelate (e.g. 3).The regioselectivity of the nucleophilic substitution of the chloro atom in 1-substituted 6-fluoro-7-chloro-4-0x0-1,4dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acids could also be enhanced by the formation of a boron chelate (e.g. 7).The discovery' of the 3rd generation of quinoline-3-carhoxylic acids2 and the introduction of compounds of this type into human3 and veterinary4 therapy (e.g. 1, "oxacins") were milestones in the treatment of bacterial infections.'In the synthesis of these drugs, the regioselective nucleophilic substitution of a halogen atom in position 7 is a key step.When 6,7-difluoro intermediates (2, X = 6-F, 7-F) are applied,
Game Plan: What AI can do for Football, and What Football can do for AI (2021)

The rapid progress in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning has opened unprecedented analytics possibilities in various team and individual sports, including baseball, basketball, and tennis. More recently, AI techniques have been applied to football, due to a huge increase in data collection by professional teams, increased computational power, and advances in machine learning, with the goal of better addressing new scientific challenges involved in the analysis of both individual players’ and coordinated teams’ behaviors. The research challenges associated with predictive and prescriptive football analytics require new developments and progress at the intersection of statistical learning, game theory, and computer vision. In this paper, we provide an overarching perspective highlighting how the combination of these fields, in particular, forms a unique microcosm for AI research, while offering mutual benefits for professional teams, spectators, and broadcasters in the years to come. We illustrate that this duality makes football analytics a game changer of tremendous value, in terms of not only changing the game of football itself, but also in terms of what this domain can mean for the field of AI. We review the state-of-the-art and exemplify the types of analysis enabled by combining the aforementioned fields, including illustrative examples of counterfactual analysis using predictive models, and the combination of game-theoretic analysis of penalty kicks with statistical learning of player attributes. We conclude by highlighting envisioned downstream impacts, including possibilities for extensions to other sports (real and virtual).
ChemInform Abstract: Directed ortho‐Metalation ‐ Suzuki Cross Coupling Connections. Convenient Regiospecific Routes to Functionalized m‐ and p‐Teraryls and m‐Quinquearyls. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Steady-State Flow in a Porous Cylinder With Permeable Walls and Restricted or Unrestricted Ends (1975)

Even though flow through porous media has received con-siderable attention, flow through a medium bound by permeable boundaries has not been studied in any detail in the past. Media bound by permeable boundaries are however often encountered in practice. Flow of gases through a cigarette where both the tobacco rod and the wrapping paper are porous is of this type [1).1 A closely related system is that of the graphite block in a gas-cooled nuclear reactor where the nuclear fuel is separated from the rapidly circulating coolant by a porous graphite septum with a narrow gap between fuel and septum [2). Related problems having different geometries include seepage from streams bounded by porous banks [3), leakage into some aquifers [4) and the displacement of oil from sandstones by shalewater influx [5). This type of flow presents certain peculiari-ties, such as the lack of simple additivity of effective resistances
Task Difficulty and EEG Alpha Asymmetry: An Amplitude and Frequency Analysis (1988)

The effects of mathematical, spatial and verbal task difficulty on EEG alpha amplitude and mean frequency asymmetry were investigated. Twenty right-handed subjects with no familial left-handedness (10 female, 10 male) were presented 3 levels of difficulty for each type of task. Difficulty was varied through increasing the rate of auditorily presented numerical stimuli. Also examined were EEG alpha correlates with measures of performance anxiety, subjective difficulty, loss of vigilance, confusion, the tendency to rely on a guessing strategy and performance. While increasing task difficulty led to right-parietal and posttemporal alpha acceleration for all tasks, task-dependent bilateral changes in alpha frequency were also observed. Increased mathematical task difficulty widened parietal amplitude asymmetry differences between high- and low-performance subjects, and produced performance-dependent changes in left-parietal and right-temporal alpha frequency. A curvilinear relationship between spatial-task difficulty and relative right-hemisphere alpha attenuation was found for the high-performance group only. Finally, numerous correlations were found between alpha measures and subjective and performance variables. Most of these correlations were found to be both task- and difficulty-level-specific. Task anxiety appeared to play a significant role in the determination of parietal- and temporal-lobe asymmetry.