gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Field amplification and ferroelectric switching in a bilayer linear insulator-ferroelectric heterostructure (2009)

Langmuir-Blodgett thin-film heterostructures consisting of molecular layers of the ferroelectric copolymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) and an insulator (the azo dye) are prepared and studied. A physical model is proposed for amplification of a local electric field in regions of arrangement of the dye and ferroelectric molecules. Experimental studies of the ferroelectric switching confirm that, in the heterostructures, the effective external coercive voltage decreases and the switched polarization increases.
Quantum Coherence Beyond the Thermal Length (2001)

Recent experiments have used scattering to map the flow of electrons in a two-dimensional electron gas. Among other things, the data from these experiments show perseverance of regular interference fringes beyond the kinematic thermal length. These fringes are seen in full quantum-mechanical simulations with thermal averaging, and within the phase coherence length they can also be understood with a simple, single-scattering model. This effect provides a new way to gauge the coherence length independent of thermal broadening. Appealing to higher-order scattering, we present a mechanism by which interference fringes may survive even beyond the phase coherence length.
Unusual regioselective mercuration of metalloporphyrins and its potential applications (2007)

The reaction of Hg(CF3CO2)2 with metalloporphyrins produces mercurated porphyrins regioselectively, the reaction, surprisingly occurring at the most hindered betaB-position; this behavior is in marked contrast to the usual electrophilic substitution reactions of porphyrins, whose reactions produce meso-substituted porphyrins; the obtained mercurated porphyrins are active to transition metal-catalyzed coupling reactions, such as the Mizoroki-Heck reaction.
Nonlinear generation of elastic waves in crystalline rock (1987)

The nonlinear interaction of two elastic waves at frequencies ƒ 1 and ƒ 2 in an elastically nonlinear material can give rise to a collimated wave at the difference frequency ƒ 1 ‐ ƒ 2 . Because the amplitude of a difference frequency beam is proportional to the degree of elastic nonlinearity of the material through which it passes, amplitude should be higher in a material containing microcracks such as rock than it is in uncracked materials such as metals, single crystals, or water in which nonlinear elastic interactions have previously been observed. The “nonlinear signal” is important for investigating the nonlinear properties of rocks. Such a beam has already proved useful as a low‐frequency acoustic source in water and may ultimately be useful in geophysical exploration. In this paper, our observations of nonlinear signal generation in experiments with crystalline rocks are presented. Three criteria must be fulfilled in such experiments to establish that nonlinear interactions take place in the rock and not in the associated experimental apparatus: (1) The frequency of the observed nonlinear signal must precisely equal the difference frequency Δƒ = ƒ 1 ‐ ƒ 2 , (2) the amplitude of the nonlinear signal must be proportional to the product of the amplitudes of the primary beams, and (3) the trajectory of the nonlinear signal, which is a function of the input trajectories, wave types, frequencies, and rock velocities, must match that predicted by theory. We observed signals that satisfy the above three criteria in the frequency range from 0.1 to 1.0 MHz.
MLP-Based Equalization and Pre-Distortion Using an Artificial Immune Network (2005)

Due to its universal approximation capability, the multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network has been applied to several function approximation and classification tasks. Despite its success in solving these problems, its training, when performed by a gradient based method, is sometimes hindered by the existence of unsatisfactory solutions (local minima). In order to overcome this difficulty, this paper proposes a novel approach to the training of a MLP based on a simple artificial immune network model. The application domain for assessing the performance of the proposed technique is that of digital communications, in particular, the problems of channel equalization and pre-distortion. The obtained simulation results demonstrate that the proposal is capable of efficiently solving the problems tackled.
Communication in the presence of replication (2008)

We consider the following problem. Suppose that a big amount of data is distributed among several parties, so that each party misses only few pieces of data. The parties wish to perform some global computation on the data while minimizing the communication between them. This situation is common in many real-life scenarios. A naive solution to this problem is to first perform a synchronization step, letting one party learn all pieces of data, and then let this party perform the required computation locally. We study the question of obtaining better solutions to the problem, focusing mainly on the case of computing low-degree polynomials via non-interactive protocols. We present interesting connections between this problem and the well studied cryptographic problem of secret sharing. We use this connection to obtain nontrivial upper bounds and lower bounds using results and techniques from the domain of secret sharing. The relation with open problems from the area of secret sharing also provides evidence for the difficulty of resolving some of the questions we leave open.
Non-uniform C-section phasers for enhanced design flexibility in Radio Analog Signal Processing (2014)

A non-uniform C-section phaser is introduced as a powerful approach to enhance the design flexibility of uniform phasers. Moreover, an efficient synthesis technique is provided to design such phasers. Two design examples are presented. The first example is a single non-uniform C-section phaser. The second one is a cascaded double non-uniform C-section phaser featuring larger group delay swing and bandwidth, and hence higher resolution in Radio Analog Signal Processing (R-ASP).
Brazilian green propolis improves gut microbiota dysbiosis and protects against sarcopenic obesity (2022)

This is the first study to demonstrate that propolis can improve sarcopenic obesity by improving dysbiosis due to overeating and provides new insights into diet-microbiota interactions during sarcopenic obesity.
Jak2-Stat5 Interactions Analyzed in Yeast (1998)

Many cytokine receptors employ Janus protein tyrosine kinases (Jaks) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (Stats) for nuclear signaling. Here, we have established yeast strains in which an autoactivated Jak2 kinase induces tyrosine phosphorylation, dimerization, nuclear translocation, and DNA binding of a concomitantly expressed Stat5 protein. Transcriptional activity of Stat5 on a stably integrated, Stat-dependent reporter gene required the C-terminal fusion of the VP16 transactivation domain. In such yeast strains, the interaction between Jak2 and Stat5 was analyzed without interference by other mammalian proteins involved in regulating Jak-Stat signaling, and mutant versions of both proteins were analyzed for their ability to productively interact. Complexes between Jak2 and Stat5 were found to be stable under stringent co-immunoprecipitation conditions. Deletion of the Jak homology regions 2-7 (JH2-JH7) of Jak2, leaving only the kinase domain (JH1) intact, reduced the ability of the kinase to phosphorylate Stat5, whereas deletion of the JH2 domain caused an increased enzymatic activity. A site-directed R618K mutation in the Stat5 SH2 domain abolished the phosphorylation by Jak2, while deletion of the C terminus led to Stat5 hyperphosphorylation. A single phosphotyrosine-SH2 domain interaction was sufficient for the dimerization of Stat5, but such dimers bound to DNA very inefficiently. Together, our data show that yeast cells are appropriate tools for studying Jak-Stat or Stat-Stat interactions. Our mutational analysis suggests that the Stat5 SH2 domain is essential for the interaction with Jak2 and that the kinase domain of Jak2 is sufficient for Jak2-Stat5 interaction. Therefore, the Jak kinase domain may be all that is needed to cause Stat phosphorylation in situations where receptor docking is dispensable.
Toward Reconciling STEM and SAXS Data from Ionomers by Investigating Gold Nanoparticles (2005)

To date, the sizes of the nanoscale ionic aggregates present in ionomers as determined by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) experiments are inconsistent with small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data interpreted by the Yarusso−Cooper model. To address this discrepancy, we have investigated a pair of model nanoparticles (11- and 55-atom Au clusters) with both STEM and SAXS. To mimic ionic aggregates, these nanoparticles were supported by amorphous PS films of predetermined thickness. While the size of the STEM probe was inconsequential to the resolution and measurement of the particles, the optimal specimen thickness was determined to be less than 50 nm. SAXS was performed on dilute solutions of the nanoparticles and fit using a monodisperse, noninteracting hard-sphere form factor model. For Au 11, STEM finds a diameter of 1.3 ± 0.14 nm and SAXS finds a diameter of 1.4 nm. Similarly, both STEM and SAXS determine a diameter of 1.7 nm for Au 55. For a combined system of Au 11 and Au 55, STEM data suggests a bimodal distribution of particle sizes consistent with those of the individual particles while SAXS data indicate hard spheres with diameter of 1.6 nm. Analysis of this model system has allowed us to optimize several experimental conditions of potential importance in reconciling STEM and SAXS data from ionomers.
Mucuna pruriens in Parkinson disease (2017)

NCT02680977.
SELECTIVE ACETYLENIC ‘SUICIDE’ AND REVERSIBLE INHIBITORS OF MONOAMINE OXIDASE TYPES A AND B (1981)

1 A number of aromatic-N-propargyl (acetylenic) compounds and indoleamines were tested for their inhibitory action on monoamine oxidase (MAO) type A and type B using the substrates 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), beta-phenylethylamine (PEA) and dopamine. 2 Structure activity studies with aromatic-N-propragyl (acetylenic) derivatives have shown that MAO inhibitory potency is least dependent on the aromatic portion of the compounds. N-methylated propargyl derivatives are the most active and replacement of the methyl group with a higher alkyl or aromatic group results in significant reduction of activity. The triple bond in the N-propargyl portion is absolutely essential for activity and must be beta-to the nitrogen. It is the acetylenic group that gives these compounds their irreversible MAO inhibitory property. 3 The present study has indicated that since the acetylenic compounds resemble the enzyme substrates the distance between the aromatic ring and the N-propargyl terminal is crucial in designating the type A or type B MAO inhibitory property. For MAO type A inhibition, a distance equivalent to at least three carbon units is required, while for the inhibition of the B type enzyme this distance can be 1 or 2 carbon units. 4 The compounds AGN-1133 and AGN-1135 show most promise in Parkinson's disease or as anti-depressants because of their irreversible selective type B MAO inhibition in vitro and in vivo. 5 A number of indoleamine derivatives were found to be reversible selective type A inhibitors.
Stoichiometric and Kinetic Studies of Phenolic Antioxidants from Andean Purple Corn and Red-Fleshed Sweetpotato (2003)

Stoichiometric and kinetic values of phenolics against DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) were determined for Andean purple corn (Zea mays L.) and red sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas). Both crops had higher antioxidant capacity and antiradical kinetics than blueberries and higher or similar anthocyanin and phenolic contents. The second-order rate constant (k(2)) was 1.56, 1.12, 0.57, and 0.26 (mg antiradical/mL)(-1) s(-1) for red sweetpotato, Trolox, purple corn, and blueberry, respectively. On the molar basis of active hydroxyl groups, k(2)' showed the same order as for k(2). Corn cob and sweetpotato endodermis contributed the most in phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. Both crops studied can be considered as excellent novel sources of natural antioxidants for the functional food and dietary supplement markets.
Active and passive sensors for art works analysis and investigations (2007)

In this contribution we describe the modern 2D and 3D technologies for the documentation, analysis and restoration of paintings. RGB color imaging, IR and UV fluorescence sensors, together with highly precise active sensors are among the most widely technologies in this field. The devices provide information on the painting's materials, on the employed technique and on the conservation's state of the art work. However, all information must be correctly registered to be able to draw safe conclusions and perform the most adequate conservation interventions. We also present a complete example where multispectral visible images, IR reflectography, UV fluorescence and 3D data are acquired and then combined, showing how the integration gives a new and significant improvement in the analysis of painting.
Lunar Rover Analogue Mission Deployments (2014)

The Canadian Space Agency has been funding the design and development of several lunar rover prototypes since 2008. During development of these rovers, multiple analogue deployments have occurred in an effort to further the design and function of the rover and to validate and improve operations within the field. This paper will review the analogue testing with respect to the design and development of the mobility platforms that were designed by ODG and partners and provided by the CSA for various analogue tests, particularly several locations located on the Island of Hawaii in association with the Pacific International Space Centre for Exploration Systems (PISCES). 1 Space/Robotics Engineering Manager, 220 Bergey Court, New Hamburg, Ontario, Professional Member AIAA 2 Space/Robotics Senior Engineer, 220 Bergey Court, New Hamburg, Ontario
Demography and Intercontinental Spread of the USA300 Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Lineage (2016)

To trace the origin, evolution, and dissemination pattern of the USA300 CA-MRSA clone in France, we sequenced a collection of strains of this lineage from cases reported in France in the last decade and compared them with 431 ST8 strains from the United States. We determined that the French CA-MRSA USA300 sporadic and micro-outbreak isolates resulted from multiple independent introductions of the USA300 North American lineage. At a global level, in the transition from an MSSA lineage to a successful CA-MRSA clone, it first became resistant to multiple antibiotics and acquired the arginine catabolic mobile element and subsequently acquired resistance to fluoroquinolones, and these two steps were associated with a dramatic demographic expansion. This expansion was followed by the current stabilization and expected decline of this lineage. These findings highlight the significance of horizontal gene acquisitions and point mutations in the success of such disseminated clones and illustrate their cyclic and sporadic life cycle.
An economic evaluation of the use of rare earth screens to reduce the radiation dose from diagnostic X-ray procedures in Israel. (1998)

In Israel the diffusion of rare earth screen technology has been limited. These screens could halve the radiation dose to the patient from diagnostic X-ray radiography, with little managerial effort and without being detrimental to the quality of the diagnostic image. We estimated the total effective dose from diagnostic film radiography capable of reduction by the use of rare earth screens, based on the number of hospital and ambulatory diagnostic X-ray procedures. This number was multiplied by the computed radiation dose per body site for a series of diagnostic procedures. The annual dose was approximately 0.53 mSv per head, approximately half of which could be averted by the introduction of rare earth screen technology. Based on a fatality risk of 3% Sv-1, it is estimated that the adoption of rare earth screen technology might reduce the annual incidence of cancer by some 93 cases, half of which would be fatal after an average latency period of 18.4 years. The cost of purchasing rare earth screens on a nationwide basis is approximately $3.0 million. This cost is outweighed by a saving of $9.6 million in X-ray tube replacement costs over the period 1997-2006. Government legislation enforcing the use of rare earth screens is essential, because of the lack of prestige associated with acquiring rare earth technology, as well as institutional reluctance to accept the external benefits of reduced morbidity and mortality and/or to extend budgetary time horizons.
A survey of advanced ethernet forwarding approaches (2009)

The higher transmission rates currently supported by Ethernet lead to the possibility of expanding Ethernet beyond the local area network scope, bringing it into the core of large scale networks, of which a metropolitan area network (MAN) is a significant example. However, originally Ethernet was not devised to scale in such environments: its design does not contemplate essential requirements of larger and more complex networks, such as the need for resilience, scalability, or even integrated control features. Furthermore, its spanning-tree based forwarding results in slow convergence and weak resource efficiency. Specifically focusing on Ethernet's forwarding behaviour, this survey covers solutions that enhance the Ethernet's path computation, allowing it to scale in larger, more complex environments. General notions concerning the application of Ethernet in Metro areas are also provided, as a specific example of Ethernet's application in large scale networks.
A Label Free Electrochemical Nanobiosensor Study (2009)

Abstract Nano-porous silicon (PS) is an attractive material for incorporation into biosensors, because it has a large surface area combined with the ability to generate both optical and electrical signals. In this paper, we describe a label-free nanobiosensor for bovine serum albumin (BSA). Nano-porous silicon produced in our laboratory was functionalized prior to immobilization of anti-BSA antibody on the surface. Reaction with BSA in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) buffer resulted in an impedance change which was inversely proportional to the concentration of the analyte. The system PBS buffer/antigen-antibody/PS constitutes an electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) structure, thus furnishing an impedance EIS nanobiosensor. The linear range of the sensor was 0–0.27 mg mL−1 and the sensitivity was less than 10 µg mL−1.
Conductance catheter measurements of left ventricular volume in the intact dog: parallel conductance is independent of left ventricular size (1994)

While alpha Vc varies between animals, it remains constant within any given animal over a broad range of left ventricular volumes. Thus the conductance catheter can provide reliable absolute left ventricular volume measurements under steady state conditions.
Hepatoma-derived Growth Factor Is a Neurotrophic Factor Harbored in the Nucleus (2004)

Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) is a heparin-binding proliferating factor originally isolated from conditioned medium of the hepatoma-derived cell line HuH-7. HDGF has greatest homology in an amino acid sequence with high mobility group 1 (HMG1), which has been characterized as a DNA-binding, inflammatory, and potent neurite outgrowth molecule. HDGF is reported to be widely expressed and act as a growth factor in many kinds of cells. However, it has not been investigated in the nervous system. Here, we show by Western blot analysis that HDGF is present in the mouse brain from the embryonic period until adulthood. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that HDGF was expressed mainly in neurons, and HDGF protein was localized to the nucleus. HDGF and high mobility group 1 were secreted under physiological conditions and released extracellularly in necrotic conditions. Furthermore, we showed that exogenously supplied HDGF had a neurotrophic effect and was able to partially prevent the cell death of neurons in which endogenous HDGF was suppressed. Therefore, we propose that HDGF is a novel type of neurotrophic factor, on account of its localization in the nucleus and its potential to function in an autocrine manner under both physiological and pathological conditions throughout life.
The tendency of supports to generate oxygen vacancies and the catalytic performance of Ni/ZrO2 and Ni/Mg(Al)O in CO2 methanation (2022)

CO 2 methanation – TPSR profiles of the Ni/ZrO 2 , Ni/Mg(Al)O, and Ni/SiO 2 catalysts.
From stage to sepulchre (2013)

There is little doubt that any list arranging the multifarious genres of early music according to the practicalities of reviving newly discovered works for modern audiences would be headed by solo keyboard pieces. The precise order of precedence in the middle ranks would be open to debate, but that opera would be relegated to the lowest place of all—far below even oratorio, let alone even the most colossally monumental of sacred liturgical pieces, or the most exorbitantly extravagant wedding festivities mounted by the Florentine court—is beyond dispute. Because it is seen as well as heard, opera has always been an extortionately expensive entertainment, as well as an ‘exotic and irrational’ one, and the manifold risks attendant on staging a full-length piece by a little-known composer, whether living or long dead, which could all too easily to be a disastrous flop, are very high. Given that the process of bringing Handel’s...
Colloidal Particles at Liquid Interfaces (2006)

Small solid particles adsorbed at liquid interfaces arise in many industrial products and process, such as anti-foam formulations, crude oil emulsions and flotation. They act in many ways like traditional surfactant molecules, but offer distinct advantages. However, the understanding of how these particles operate in such systems is minimal. This book brings together the diverse topics actively being investigated, with contributions from leading experts in the field. After an introduction to the basic concepts and principles, the book divides into two sections. The first deals with particles at planar liquid interfaces, with chapters of an experimental and theoretical nature. The second concentrates on the behaviour of particles at curved liquid interfaces, including particle-stabilized foams and emulsions and new materials derived from such systems. This collection will be of interest to academic researchers and graduate students in chemistry, physics, chemical engineering, pharmacy, food science and materials science.
Integrating data mining with SQL databases: OLE DB for data mining (2002)

The integration of data mining with traditional database systems is key to making it convenient, easy to deploy in real applications, and to growing its user base. We describe the new API for data mining proposed by Microsoft as extensions to the OLE DB standard. We illustrate the basic notions that motivated the API's design and describe the key components of an OLE DB for the data mining provider. We also include examples of the usage and treat the problems of data representation and integration with the SQL framework. We believe this new API will go a long way in enabling deployment of data mining in enterprise data warehouses. A reference implementation of a provider is available with the recent release of Microsoft SQL Server 2000 database system.