gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Objective speech measure for Chinese in wireless environment (2002)

The cellular phone is becoming an important means of mobile wireless communication, especially in metropolitan areas. One of the important operating considerations of the cellular phone service providers is the maintainence of the speech quality of the cellular phone network. Subjective evaluation by repeated listening tests at various sites within the coverage area is impractical due to its intrinsic laborious and expensive nature. As a result, it would be much desirable to have an automatic objective evaluation system which applies a good objective speech measure to estimate the statistical average of subjective opinions of the typical conversational speech sentences sent through the cellular network. While extensive work was done for objective speech measures for languages such as English, Japanese, French, and other western languages, little has been done for Chinese. In addition, little has been done to quantify speech quality in the wireless environment.
L-NAME-induced protein remodeling and fibrosis in the rat heart. (1999)

The aim of the present study was to determine whether NO deficiency itself or rather the elevation of systolic blood pressure is responsible for the protein and structural remodeling of the heart during hypertension induced by long-term treatment by nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Three groups of rats were investigated. The first group served as control. In the second group L-NAME was given in the dose of 20 mg/kg/day in the drinking water and in the third group L-NAME was given in the dose of 40 mg/kg/day during 4 weeks. While L-NAME treatment in both doses caused essentially the same increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP), NO synthase activity and cGMP concentration in the left ventricle decreased by 17% and 13%, respectively in the 20 mg/kg/day L-NAME group and by 69% and 27%, respectively in the 40 mg/kg/day L-NAME group. The protein profile of the left ventricle in both L-NAME groups was characterized by an increased concentration of metabolic proteins. Nevertheless, a significant increase in the concentration of pepsin-soluble collagenous proteins and the concentration of hydroxyproline in pepsin-insoluble collagenous proteins was found only in the group receiving 40 mg/kg/day L-NAME. The morphometric evaluation revealed a significant increase in myocardial fibrosis in both L-NAME groups. However, this was more pronounced in the 40 mg/kg/day L-NAME group. It is concluded that NO deficiency resulted in significant enhancement of fibrotic tissue growth in proportion to the administered L-NAME dose, while SBP was increased similarly in both L-NAME groups. Thus, NO deficiency rather than hemodynamic changes appears to be crucially involved in collagenous protein and fibrotic tissue changes of the left ventricle in hypertension induced by L-NAME.
Advanced signal processing technique for damage detection in steel tubes (2016)

In recent years, ultrasonic guided waves gained attention for reliable testing and characterization of metals and composites. Guided wave modes are excited and detected by PZT (Lead Zirconate Titanate) transducers either in transmission or reflection mode. In this study guided waves are excited and detected in the transmission mode and the phase change of the propagating wave modes are recorded. In most of the other studies reported in the literature, the change in the received signal strength (amplitude) is investigated with varying degrees of damage while in this study the change in phase is correlated with the extent of damage. Feature extraction techniques are used for extracting phase and time-frequency information. The main advantage of this approach is that the bonding condition between the transducer and the specimen does not affect the phase while it can affect the strength of recorded signal. Therefore, if the specimen is not damaged but the transducer-specimen bonding is deteriorated then the received signal strength is altered but the phase remains same and thus false positive predictions for damage can be avoided.
Adipose Tissue IL-6 Content Correlates with Resistance to Insulin Activation of Glucose Uptake both in Vivo and in Vitro (2002)

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are associated with insulin resistance, the mechanisms of which remain poorly understood. A significant correlation between circulating IL-6 level and insulin sensitivity has recently been found in humans. Because adipose tissue could be a significant source of IL-6, we analyzed the relationship between the levels of adipose tissue IL-6 and insulin action in vivo, during a hyperinsulinemic normoglycemic clamp, and in vitro by measuring glucose transport in adipocytes from 12 obese subjects with (n = 7) or without (n = 5) diabetes. We observed an inverse correlation between adipose tissue IL-6 content and maximal insulin-responsiveness measured in vivo (P < 0.02) and in vitro (P < 0.02). Conversely, there was no significant correlation between these two later parameters and adipose tissue leptin or tumor necrosis factor-α protein contents. Furthermore, we showed, for the first time, the presence of immunoreactive IL-6 receptors in the plasma membrane of human abdominal sc adipocytes. This suggests that locally secreted IL-6 could act on adipocytes by an autocrine/paracrine mechanism. In conclusion, increased IL-6 production by sc adipose cells might participate to the insulin-resistant state observed in human obesity.
Feasibility of carotid artery stenting in patients with angiographic string sign (2010)

In our experience, CAS in patients with severe symptomatic carotid stenosis and angiographic SS is feasible, with an acceptably low periprocedural complication rate.
Prognostic value of reported chest pain for cardiovascular risk stratification in primary care (2012)

In primary prevention, self-reported chest pain and a single measurement of NT-pro-BNP substantially improve cardiovascular risk prediction and allow for risk reclassification of approximately 40% of the subjects compared with assessing classical cardiovascular risk factors alone.
Farbqualität: Definition und Anwendungen (2015)

Die LED-Technologie hat sich in den letzten 15 Jahren stark entwickelt. Vor allem die leuchtstoffbasierte LED-Technologie gewann stark an Bedeutung: Sie bildet zusammen mit dynamischen intelligenten Steuerungen die technische Basis fur energieeffiziente, hinsichtlich der Lichtqualitat hochwertige, gesundheitsrelevante Lichtlosungen fur die Innen- und Ausen-, KFZ- sowie die Unterhaltungsbeleuchtung. Mittlerweile hat die LED eine im Vergleich zu konventionellen Lichtquellen hohe Lichtausbeute unter realen Betriebsbedingungen erreicht. Somit verlagert sich die technische Diskussion von der reinen Betrachtung der Lichtausbeute (in lm/W) zum einen hin zu wirtschaftlich-technischen Fragestellungen und zum anderen in die qualitative Richtung. Durch den vermehrten Einsatz der LED in der Innenraumbeleuchtung (z. B. im Hotelwesen, in der Gastronomie, im Verkaufsraum, im Buro, im Museum) und in der privaten Wohnraumbeleuchtung rucken Themen wie die Farbqualitat oder die chronobiologische Strahlungswirkung immer mehr in den Vordergrund. Daher bietet die LiTG-Schrift Farbqualitat: Definition und Anwendungen im ersten Teil einen Uberblick uber die wichtigsten Farbqualitatsmerkmale und ihre Bewertung.
Zur Bewertung von Lichtquellen hinsichtlich ihrer Farbqualitat mussen mehrere Qualitatsmerkmale berucksichtigt werden. Fur die Bewertung einzelner Farben von beleuchteten Oberflachen sind dies neben der ‚Naturlichkeit‘ (engl. naturalness) die ‚Buntheit‘ (engl. chroma), die ‚Farbbrillanz‘ (engl. vividness), die ‚Attraktivitat‘ (engl. attractiveness) und auch die ‚Akzeptanz‘ (engl. acceptability). Die ‚wahrgenommene Helligkeit‘ (engl. perceived brightness) der Korperfarben und die ‚Sehklarheit‘ (engl. visual clarity), die eng verbunden ist mit dem ‚Kontrastempfinden‘ (engl. feeling of contrast), spielen fur die subjektive Bewertung ebenfalls eine Rolle. Betrachtet man ganze Beleuchtungsszenarien, kommt zu den genannten Eigenschaften die Wirkung unterschiedlicher Korperfarben zueinander – die ‚Farbharmonie‘ (engl. harmony) – hinzu.
THE GROWTH OF SMALL CORROSION FATIGUE CRACKS IN ALLOY 2024 (1994)

Abstract— The corrosion fatigue crack growth characteristics of small surface and corner cracks in aluminium alloy 2024 is established. The damaging effect of salt water on the early stages of small crack growth is characterized by: (1) crack initiation at constituent particle pits, (2) intergranular microcracking for a≤100μm, and (3) transgranular small crack growth for a≥100μm. In aqueous 1% NaCl and at a constant anodic potential of −700 mV SCE , small cracks exhibit a factor of three increase in fatigue crack growth rates compared to laboratory air. Small cracks exhibit accelerated corrosion fatigue crack growth rates at low levels of Δ K (&lt; 1 MPa√m) below the long crack Δ K th value. When exposed to Paris regime levels of crack tip stress intensity, small corrosion fatigue cracks exhibit growth rates similar to that observed for long cracks. Similar small and long crack growth behavior at various levels of R suggest that crack closure effects influence the corrosion fatigue crack growth rates of small cracks for a≥100 μm. Contrary to the corrosion fatigue characteristics of small cracks in high strength steels, no pronounced chemical crack length effect is observed for alloy 2024 exposed to salt water.
Cancer of the Prostate (1992)

To the Editor. —The study by Johansson et al 1 is of limited relevance because their selection criteria resulted in a study group that is not representative of the patient population with early prostate cancer. Their study group included an inordinately high proportion of men over the age of 75 years, most of whom had low-grade tumors too small to be detected on rectal examination. Nearly half of the tumors were discovered at the time of an operation for presumed benign hyperplasia. Because such tumors progress slowly and most patients were elderly to begin with, it is not surprising that most patients died of other causes. The patient selection process was a self-fulfilling prophesy. During the first 2 years of their study, only patients with grade 1 tumors were accepted for the untreated group, which enriched the group with low-grade tumors. During the last 5 years, some patients under the
Target-oriented beamlet migration based on Gabor-Daubechies frame decomposition (2006)

Abstract We develop beamlet propagation and imaging using Gabor-Daubechies (G-D) frame decomposition based on local perturbation theory and apply it to target-oriented prestack depth migration. The method is formulated with local background velocities and local perturbations in wavefield extrapolation. The localized propagators and phase-correction operators are obtained analytically or semianalytically by one-way operator decomposition and screen approximation in the beamlet and space-beamlet mixed domain. Beamlet wavefields have superior localization properties in both local space and direction (wave-number) over Gaussian beams in the sense that localizations are not limited within short propagation distances in either homogeneous or heterogeneous media. Comparisons of the prestack depth-migrated images for the 2D SEG-EAGE salt model and the Marmousi model indicate that, for seismic-wave propagation and imaging in complex structural environments, the G-D beamlet propa-gator has higher accuracy and better wide-angle properties than do global propagators. Target-oriented prestack G-D beamlet migration is performed by means of local-angle-domain imaging and controlled superposition of common-dip-angle images based on the local directivity features of the target structures. This considers the spatial and di-rection localizations of beamlets. As a numerical example, we process the 2D SEG-EAGE salt-model prestack data. The results show that the proposed migration method has considerable advantages in suppressing noise and enhancing structural features. Image quality for subsalt structures, especially for steep faults, is improved through structure-based superposition of common-angle images. This demonstrates the potential and capability of beamlet migration in target-oriented seismic imaging.
Synthesis and antibody binding properties of glycodendrimers bearing the tumor related T-antigen (2001)

Breast cancer marker T-antigen (Gal(β1-3)αGalNAc) was prepared as an allyl glycoside that was transformed into an active ester and coupled to a series of poly(amidoamine) dendrimers showing strong binding to mouse monoclonal IgG antibodies and serving as useful coating antigens in microtiter plates.
Characterization of hydrocoptisonine metabolites in human liver microsomes using a high-resolution quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometer (2020)

Hydrocoptisonine is a new compound that has been isolated from the rhizomes of <i>Coptis chinensis</i>, which belongs to the Ranunculaceae family of Chinese medicines. Although studies on <i>C. chinensis</i> have been reported, the metabolic pathway of hydrocoptisonine in human liver microsomes (HLMs) remains unelucidated. We identified 13 metabolites in HLMs, including six Phase I metabolites and seven glucuronide conjugates, using a high-resolution quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometer. The major metabolic pathway was the <i>O</i>-demethylation and mono-hydroxylation of hydrocoptisonine in HLMs. Notably, M3 metabolite was <i>O</i>-demethylated in dioxolane structures (cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione), which was mediated by cytochrome P450 1A2. The locations of hydroxylation and hydroxyl-glucuronidation were identified by analyzing the signature fragments generated as a result of tandem mass spectrometry, indicating hydroxylation at an aliphatic chain or aromatic ring. We determined whether the hydroxylation and glucuronidation occurred in an aromatic moiety (M5 and M12) or an aliphatic moiety (M6 and M13), respectively, based on signature fragments of the metabolites.
Lumped Parameter Modeling of a Magnetorheological Fluid Clutch (2006)

A lumped-parameter mathematical model of an automotive magnetorheological (MR) fluid fan clutch was developed. This model is able to describe the average fluid temperature, average clutch temperature, and output fan speed as a function of time, input current, and fluid composition. The model also reproduces numerous features of fan operation observed experimentally and revealed a mechanism for some observed cases of hysteresis. However, it fails to capture certain other features which lead us to conclude that phenomena which are not included in the model, e.g., sedimentation and re-suspension, are important to the clutch behavior. In addition, the results indicate that certain physical properties need to be measured over a larger temperature range in order for the model to better predict the clutch behavior.
Total Body Movement Monitoring Using a Regular Smartphone to Detect Bicycle Accidents (2014)

This work was partly carried out in association with SAFER –\nVehicle and Traffic Safety Centre at Chalmers, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Unusual lectin-binding properties of a herpes simplex virus type 1-specific glycoprotein (1981)

Lysates from herpes simplex virus type 1-infected cells were subjected to affinity chromatography on soybean and Helix pomatia lectins. One of the virus-specified glycoproteins, probably the herpes simplex virus type 1-specific gC glycoprotein, bound to the lectins and was eluted with N-acetylgalactosamine. The affinity chromatography permitted a high degree of purification of the type-specific glycoprotein with respect to both host cell components and other viral glycoproteins. The lectin affinity pattern of this glycoprotein indicates the presence of a terminal alpha-N-acetylgalactosamine in an oligosaccharide, a finding not reported previously for glycoproteins of enveloped viruses.
Coating Electrospun Chitosan Nanofibers with Polyelectrolyte Multilayers Using the Polysaccharides Heparin and N,N,N‐Trimethyl Chitosan (2010)

A new method is presented for functionalizing electrospun nanofibers with GAGs and growth factors by PEM deposition. Electrospun chitosan nanofibers, spun from trifluoroacetic acid and dichloromethane, were coated with PEMs, using the polysaccharides heparin and N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan. FGF-2 was adsorbed on the PEM-coated nanofibers. Nanofiber neutralization, PEM construction, and FGF-2 adsorption were monitored using FT-IR spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Alcian blue staining was used to confirm the presence of heparin. SEM was used to study nanofiber morphology.
"History, Tradition, and Progress": The ceremony of 150<sup>th </sup>Anniversary of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine held in Tokyo, Japan (2019)

"History, Tradition, and Progress", a grand ceremony in celebration of the 150<sup>th</sup> Anniversary of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM) was held in Tokyo, Japan on December 3, 2018. Hundreds of distinguished guests from home and abroad attended the grand ceremony. The NCGM is a national research and development agency, which is a type of independent administrative entity. The NCGM originated from a temporary army hospital that was established in Tokyo in October 1868. After several rounds of restructuring and reorganization, the facility became the NCGM in April 2015. The NCGM has various departments, including the Center Hospital, Kohnodai Hospital, the Research Institute, the Center for Clinical Sciences, the Bureau of International Health Cooperation, and the National College of Nursing. The NCGM conducts research in various fields such as infectious diseases, immune disorders, diabetes, and metabolic disorders and it provides advanced and comprehensive medical care. The NCGM also comprehensively provides training for personnel in international cooperation and medicine. "As a research and development entity, the NCGM will continue to fulfil those tasks in accordance with Japan's national policies", Dr. Norihiro Kokudo, the president of NCGM, said in his speech of anniversary opening greeting.
Linearisation of micro loudspeakers using adaptive control (2014)

Loudspeakers were invented over 150 years ago, but the loudspeakers used todayare still based on the same ideas. Traditionally, good sound quality has been obtainedby using expensive materials in the loudspeakers and by allowing themto be big. However, nowadays loudspeakers are wanted in applications such asmobile phones and tablets where size and weight are very limited and there is aconstant desire to decrease production costs. Special small loudspeakers, knownas micro loudspeakers, have been developed for this purpose but due to the severerestrictions in size and manufacturing costs, the sound quality in the microloudspeakers is relatively poor. One problem is that the nonlinearities of thesystem, present in any loudspeaker, become more evident in the case of microloudspeakers and cause noticeable distortion of the sound.This master’s thesis has been performed in cooperation with Opalum (formerlyActiwave), a company specializing in using digital signal processing to improvethe sound in loudspeakers with poor acoustic properties. The objective of thethesis is to investigate ways to increase the sound quality in micro loudspeakersby using nonlinear control. Focus has been on frequencies below the resonancefrequency since the distortion is more noticeable at low frequencies. First, a nonlinearmodel of the micro loudspeaker has been obtained using system identificationstrategies. The model describes the relationship between the voltage overthe voice-coil and the diaphragm displacement. Subsequently, input-output linearisationhas been used to design a controller for the system and the effect onthe distortion has been investigated through experiments. Two different modelstructures have been tested, a physical model based on the Thiele-Small modeland a black-box model with a Hammerstein-Wiener structure. In both cases, thenonlinearities were modelled as polynomials. The controller was then extendedwith an updating algorithm, making it adaptive.The efficiency of the controllers has been proved by experiments, where distortionwas decreased by up to 60 % compared to the case without control. The effectwas largest for low frequencies, around one third of the resonance frequency,but improvements were noted up to about two thirds of the resonance frequency,depending on the loudspeaker unit. The approach using a physical model andthat using a black-box model have shown similar results.
La propaganda electoral en el Código Electoral (2010)

The paper approaches the new regulation of the electoral propaganda in the recently\napproved Electoral Code, articles 136 to 142: main changes, innovations and differences between\nthe former and the new legislation. Thus, first chapter examines the definition of propaganda\ndeveloped by the electoral jurisprudence over time and how this jurisprudence is included in the\nnew code; second chapter analyzes propaganda in the light of the electoral legislation and third\nchapter discusses the structure of the Electoral Code regarding the various activities related to\nelectoral propaganda.
Preferential Location for Arterial Dissection Presenting as Golf-Related Stroke (2013)

Golf-related stroke has not been systematically reviewed. The purpose of our study was to describe in detail this particular stroke syndrome. Seven patients were analyzed at a university hospital and 7 patients were reviewed from MEDLINE literature. General demographics, symptom onset, neurologic signs, radiologic findings, and outcome were investigated. A total of 14 patients including 7 patients from the MEDLINE search were analyzed; all were men, with a mean age of 46.9 ± 12.8 years. Symptom onset was classified as during the golf swing (n = 9), unknown (n = 3), and after playing golf (n = 2). Most patients (n = 12) showed involvement of the vertebral artery and 2 patients showed involvement of the internal carotid artery (P = .008). Nine dissections were found on the right side, 3 on the left side, and 2 were bilateral (P = .046). Twelve patients had extracranial involvement and 2 patients had intracranial involvement (P = .008). Seven patients returned to normal, 5 returned to independence, 1 had unknown status, and 1 died. The anatomic preference of golf-related craniocervical arterial dissection is associated with the extracranial and vertebrobasilar system with a right-sided tendency as the result of stereotypical rotational movement during a golf swing.
Nosocomial Outbreak of Serious Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis (Kennel Cough) Caused by Canine Herpesvirus Infection (2010)

ABSTRACT Canine herpesvirus (CHV; Canid herpesvirus 1 ) is principally a perinatal pathogen of pregnant bitches and newborn pups and secondarily a respiratory tract pathogen of older pups and dogs. Infectious disease of the canine respiratory tract frequently occurs among dogs in groups, in which it is called “ infectious tracheobronchitis” (ITB). Mortality from ITB is generally negligible, and the clinical importance of CHV as an ITB pathogen is considered to be low. The present report describes a novel ITB outbreak accompanied by death among aged dogs in an animal medical center. Most inpatient dogs had received medications that could induce immunosuppression. CHV was the only pathogen identified, and several CHV isolates were recovered in cell culture. No other viral pathogens or significant bacterial pathogens were found. Molecular and serological analyses revealed that the causative CHV isolates were from a single source but that none was a peculiar strain when the strains were compared with previous CHV strains. The virus had presumably spread among the dogs predisposed to infection in the center. The present results serve as a warning to canine clinics that, under the specific set of circumstances described, such serious CHV outbreaks may be expected wherever canine ITB occurs.