gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combined Pirani and ionization gauge circuit (1953)

The construction of a combined Pirani and ionization gauge vacuum-meter is described. The Pirani gauge is of the constant temperature type with a working range of 10-3 to 10 mm of mercury. As a leak detector it may be used even at atmospheric pressure or higher. A relay circuit actuated by the gauge protects diffusion pumps and other equipment in case of vacuum failure. The emission current of the ionization gauge is held constant within 3% during the entire tube life by a stabilizer. The ion current is measured by a simple vacuum tube voltmeter.
Psychological interventions for rheumatoid arthritis: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (2002)

Despite some methodologic flaws in the literature, psychological interventions may be important adjunctive therapies in the medical management of RA.
Hard-Decision Performance of LDPC Codes on Binary Symmetric Channels with Small Crossover Probabilities (2006)

Upper and lower bounds are derived on the frame error rate (FER) of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes decoded by hard-decision iterative algorithms over binary symmetric channels (BSC). The bounds, which are tight for sufficiently small crossover probabilities of the channel, provide a good estimate of FER in this region. The derivation of the bounds is based on the enumeration of low-weight error patterns at the input of the decoder and is much less complex than the conventional Monte Carlo simulation in the crossover probability range of interest. The proposed method can be applied to any LDPC code and for any decoding algorithm
A feasible model-based OPC algorithm using Jacobian matrix of intensity distribution functions (2007)

The correction accuracy of a model-based OPC (MB-OPC) depends critically on its edge offset calculation scheme. In a normal MB-OPC algorithm, only the impact of the current edge is considered in calculating each edge offset. As the k1 process factor decreases and design complexity increases, however, the interaction between the edge segments becomes much larger. As a result, the normal MB-OPC algorithm may not always converge or converge slowly. Controlling the EPE is thus become harder. To address this issue, a new kind of MB-OPC algorithm based on MEEF matrix was introduced which is also called matrix OPC. In this paper, a variant of such matrix OPC algorithm is proposed which is suitable for kernel-based lithography models. Comparing with that based on MEEF matrix, this algorithm requires less computation in matrix construction. Sparsity control scheme and RT reuse scheme are also used to make the correction speed be close to a normal one while keeping its advantages on EPE control.
Centralized UWB/WLAN distribution network using low cost radio over multimode fiber technology (2006)

A low cost Radio-over-multimode Fiber (ROF) testbed has been setup to evaluate the transmission performance of Ultra Wideband (UWB) and WLAN RF signal through fiber. The BER, EVM, spectrum mask and waveform measurement results show that ROF technology is suitable for in-building UWB/WLAN RF signal distribution. This low cost ROF testbed consists of VCSELs, Photo Detectors (PDs) and multimode fiber (MMF) network. Two commercially available pulse positioning modulated (PPM) UWB evaluation kits were used to generate/receive and analyze UWB transmission performance. WLAN performance is analyzed by vector signal generator (VSG) and vector signal analyzer (VSA) test-set from Agilent. Based on measured results, we propose a novel network structure for indoor UWB/WLAN RF signal distribution, named as centralized UWB/WLAN distribution network. This network is able to coexist within the same Fiber To The Premises (FTTP) network and co-transmit different types wireless signal or even baseband digital signal.
X-ray Phase-Contrast Computed Tomography of Human Coronary Arteries (2015)

In an ex vivo setting, gb-PCCT provides improved differentiation and quantification of coronary atherosclerotic plaque and may thus serve as a tool for nondestructive histopathology.
High activity rhenium-186 hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate (HEDP) with autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplant: A novel treatment strategy in hormone refractory prostate cancer metastatic to bone (2004)

4562 Background: Bone marrow is the dose-limiting organ for bone seeking radionuclide therapy of bone metastases from prostate cancer. This prospective phase 2 trial investigated the potential for improvement in disease control by using autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplant to permit administration of high activities of a bone seeking radionuclide, Rhenium-186 HEDP in patients with progressive hormone refractory prostate cancer. Methods: Eligible patients had histologically confirmed prostate cancer metastatic to the skeleton, rising PSA despite castrate testosterone levels, WHO PS 0–1, and minimal soft-tissue disease. Patients received between 4500 and 5000MBq of Rhenium-186 HEDP i.v. (approximately 4 times the dose normally used for palliation), followed 14 days later by the return of pre-harvested PBSCs. Response was assessed using PSA, survival, pain scores, and quality of life measurement. Results: Thirty-eight patients with a median age of 67 years (range 50–77), and a median PSA of 57 ng/ml (range 4–3628) received a median activity of 4978 MBq Rhenium-186 HEDP (range 4400–5097). At a median follow up of 12 months (range 3–32), the most serious toxicity was short-lived (<7 days) grade 3 thrombocytopenia in 8 (21%) patients. The median survival of the group is 31 months with a Kaplan-Meier estimated 1 and 2-year survivals of 81% and 50% respectively. Twenty six patients (60%, 95% CI, 45–74%) had stable or reduced PSA levels 3 months post therapy, 10 of whom had PSA reductions of > 50% lasting > 4 weeks. Quality of life measures were stable or improved in 29 (76%) at 3 months. Conclusions: We believe the survival data and PSA response rates in this group of heavily pre-treated patients are encouraging and merit further investigation in a randomised trial. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Specific localization of a plant cell wall glycine-rich protein in protoxylem cells of the vascular system (1989)

An antibody against glycine-rich protein 1.8 of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was used for immunogold/silver localization of the protein in different organs of the plant. In hypocotyls, ovaries, and seed coats, the protein was found specifically in xylem cells of the vascular tissue. In hypocotyls, only protoxylem cells were labeled with the antibody, which indicates a remarkable cell-type specificity for accumulation of this cell wall protein. In mature hypocotyls, the protein was restricted to the same subset of xylem cells but was no longer detected on tissue prints, where a positive antibody reaction depends on the transfer of soluble material from plant tissue to the nitrocellulose filter. This indicates that the glycine-rich protein is insolubilized in the cell wall during development. In longitudinal sections of tracheary elements of young hypocotyls and seed coats, the antibody stained a pattern very similar to that of the lignified secondary thickenings of the cell wall, which suggests a close functional relationship between glycine-rich protein and lignin deposition during cell wall biogenesis in protoxylem cells.
Protocols for Predictable Aesthetic Dental Restorations (2006)

1. Treatment Planning - assessment and treatment. 2. The Health, Function and Aesthetic Triad. 3. Choice of All-ceramic Systems. 4. Colour and Shade Analysis. 5. Foundations and Intra-radicular Support. 6. Tooth Preparation. 7. Therapeutic Temporary Restorations. 8. Biological Impressions. 9. Try-in Procedures. 10. Cementation and Dentine Bonding Agents
Characterizing carbon nanotube samples with resonance Raman scattering (2003)

The basic concepts and characteristics of Raman spectra from carbon nanotubes (both isolated and bundled) are presented. The general characteristics of the radial breathing mode, tangential mode (G band), disorder-induced mode (D-band) and other Raman features are presented, with the focus directed toward their use for carbon nanotube characterization. Polarization analysis, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and complementary optical techniques are also discussed in terms of their advantages and limitations.
New Era of Diacylglycerol Kinase, Phosphatidic Acid and Phosphatidic Acid-Binding Protein (2020)

Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) phosphorylates diacylglycerol (DG) to generate phosphatidic acid (PA). Mammalian DGK consists of ten isozymes (α-κ) and governs a wide range of physiological and pathological events, including immune responses, neuronal networking, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, fragile X syndrome, cancer, and type 2 diabetes. DG and PA comprise diverse molecular species that have different acyl chains at the <i>sn</i>-1 and <i>sn</i>-2 positions. Because the DGK activity is essential for phosphatidylinositol turnover, which exclusively produces 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-DG, it has been generally thought that all DGK isozymes utilize the DG species derived from the turnover. However, it was recently revealed that DGK isozymes, except for DGKε, phosphorylate diverse DG species, which are not derived from phosphatidylinositol turnover. In addition, various PA-binding proteins (PABPs), which have different selectivities for PA species, were recently found. These results suggest that DGK-PA-PABP axes can potentially construct a large and complex signaling network and play physiologically and pathologically important roles in addition to DGK-dependent attenuation of DG-DG-binding protein axes. For example, 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-PA produced by DGKδ interacts with and activates Praja-1, the E3 ubiquitin ligase acting on the serotonin transporter, which is a target of drugs for obsessive-compulsive and major depressive disorders, in the brain. This article reviews recent research progress on PA species produced by DGK isozymes, the selective binding of PABPs to PA species and a phosphatidylinositol turnover-independent DG supply pathway.
Abstract 4036: Chromosomal amplification of LRRK2 is required for oncogenic MET signaling in papillary renal and thyroid carcinomas (2011)

Abstract The receptor tyrosine kinase MET is frequently amplified in human tumors, resulting in high cell surface densities and constitutive activation even in the absence of growth factor stimulation by its endogenous ligand, HGF. We sought to identify mechanisms of signaling crosstalk that promote MET activation by searching for kinases that are coordinately dysregulated with wild-type MET in human tumors. Bioinformatic analysis identified leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 (LRRK2), which is amplified and overexpressed in papillary renal and thyroid carcinomas. Downregulation of LRRK2 in cultured tumor cells compromises MET activation and selectively impairs MET signaling to mTOR and STAT3. Loss of these critical mitogenic pathways induces cell cycle arrest and cell death concomitant with loss of ATP production and induction of autophagy. Interestingly, knockdown of LRRK2 precisely phenocopies treatment of tumor cells with the endocytic inhibitor chlorpromazine, suggesting that LRRK2 is required for efficient internalization or post-endocytic trafficking of activated MET receptors. We propose that coordinate amplification of LRRK2 and MET functions to promote endosomal signal transduction by MET, which is required for transformation in papillary renal and thyroid cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4036. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4036
A Simple Method for Damping Transverse Motion of a High Intensity Electron Beam (1983)

We describe a simple electrostatic focusing method which efficiently damps transverse motion of a high intensity (both high current and high particle energy) electron beam. The principle is to create an electrostatic central force anharmonic potential field which phase mix damps transverse beam motion into increased beam emittance. The non-linear electrostatic field is created by a very resistive wire (L/ R time ~2 ns) strung axially down the accelerator vacuum pipe. Positive image charge equal to ~1/2 the negative beam charge is induced onto the wire. Since the beam self fields cancel to within 1/γ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , the resultant wire electric field dominates. Experimental results showing the guiding, focusing and damping of transverse motion will be presented.
Pentacyclic Laddersiloxane (2002)

A novel method which effects ring extension of the ladder oligosilsesquioxanes was developed. By applying this method, we synthesized the first functionalized tricyclic laddersiloxanes and pentacyclic laddersiloxane. The reaction of (i-PrSi(OH)O)4 with (i-PrPhClSiO)2 in pyridine gave the tetraphenyl tricyclic laddersiloxane. Following dephenylchlorination with AlCl3/HCl, and hydrolysis enabled us to isolate the tetrahydroxyl tricyclic laddersiloxane in good yield. We repeated the similar reaction from this tetrahydroxyl laddersiloxane, and the first pentacyclic laddersiloxane was obtained. The structures of the tetraphenyl and tetrahydroxyl tricyclic laddersiloxanes, and pentacyclic laddersiloxane were determined by X-ray crystallography.
Collision Tumors of the Ovary Associated with Teratoma: Clues to the Correct Preoperative Diagnosis (1999)

Preoperative imaging for ovarian teratoma revealed a collision tumor in six of seven cases. The possibility of a collision tumor should be considered when an ovarian teratoma has imaging findings that cannot be explained solely by an ovarian teratoma.
Oligosaccharide Synthesis with Glycosyl Phosphates (2007)

This chapter desribes the synthesis of glycosyl phosphates and their use as glycosylating agents. Their use in the construction of complex oligosaccharides, both in solution and on solid support, is presented. Their ease of synthesis in combination with their rapid activation have made them ideal glycosylating agents to be used for automated solid phase oligosaccharide synthesis.
Probabilistic Backpropagation for Scalable Learning of Bayesian Neural Networks (2015)

Large multilayer neural networks trained with backpropagation have recently achieved state-of-the-art results in a wide range of problems. However, using backprop for neural net learning still has some disadvantages, e.g., having to tune a large number of hyperparameters to the data, lack of calibrated probabilistic predictions, and a tendency to overfit the training data. In principle, the Bayesian approach to learning neural networks does not have these problems. However, existing Bayesian techniques lack scalability to large dataset and network sizes. In this work we present a novel scalable method for learning Bayesian neural networks, called probabilistic backpropagation (PBP). Similar to classical backpropagation, PBP works by computing a forward propagation of probabilities through the network and then doing a backward computation of gradients. A series of experiments on ten real-world datasets show that PBP is significantly faster than other techniques, while offering competitive predictive abilities. Our experiments also show that PBP provides accurate estimates of the posterior variance on the network weights.
Continued Versus Discontinued Oxytocin Stimulation in the Active Phase of Labour (CONDISOX): Double Blind Randomised Controlled Trial (2021)

(Abstracted from BMJ 2021;372:n716) Oxytocin stimulation is often used to induce labor. According to 4 meta-analyses, discontinuing oxytocin stimulation once active labor has begun may have some benefits, including reducing the rate of cesarean delivery.
Functional Properties of Endogenous Receptor- and Store-operated Calcium Influx Channels in HEK293 Cells (2005)

Activation of phospholipase C (PLC)-mediated signaling pathways in non-excitable cells causes the release of calcium (Ca2+) from inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3)-sensitive intracellular Ca2+ stores and activation of Ca2+ influx via plasma membrane Ca2+ channels. The properties and molecular identity of plasma membrane Ca2+ influx channels in non-excitable cells is a focus of intense investigation. In the previous studies we used patch clamp electrophysiology to describe the properties of Ca2+ influx channels in human carcinoma A431 cell lines. Now we extend our studies to human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells. By using a combination of Ca2+ imaging and whole cell and single channel patch clamp recordings we discovered that: 1) HEK293 cells contain four types of plasma membrane Ca2+ influx channels: I(CRAC), Imin, Imax, and I(NS); 2) I(CRAC) channels are highly Ca2+-selective (P(Ca/Cs)>1000) and I(CRAC) single channel conductance is too small for single channel analysis; 3) Imin channels in HEK293 cells display functional properties identical to Imin channels in A431 cells, with single channel conductance of 1.2 pS for divalent cations, 10 pS for monovalent cations, and divalent cation selectivity P(Ba/K)=20; 4) Imin channels in HEK293 cells are activated by InsP3 and inhibited by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, but store-independent; 5) when compared with Imin, Imax channels have higher conductance for divalent (17 pS) and monovalent (33 pS) cations, but less selective for divalent cations (P(Ba/K)=4), 6) Imax channels in HEK293 cells can be activated by InsP3 or by Ca2+ store depletion; 7) I(NS) channels are non-selective (P(Ba/K)=0.4) and display a single channel conductance of 5 pS; and 8) I(NS) channels are not gated by InsP3 but activated by depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores. Our findings provide novel information about endogenous Ca2+ channels supporting receptor-operated and store-operated Ca2+ influx pathways in HEK293 cells.
Analyzing a full-duplex cellular system (2013)

Recent progress in single channel full-duplex (SC-FD) radio design [1]-[4] has attracted the attention of many researchers. A SC-FD transceiver is capable of transmitting and receiving on the same frequency at the same time, which will have a great impact on the design and performance of current wireless networks that are based on half duplex designs. This paper analyzes the effects of adopting SC-FD enabled base stations in a cellular system with legacy mobile stations. We use a multi-cell analytical model based on stochastic geometry to derive the theoretical performance gain of such a system. To validate the performance using a realistic setting, we conduct extensive simulations for a multi-cell OFDMA system. Both sets of results show that a full-duplex design for a cellular system, while not quite doubling system capacity, does greatly increases capacity over traditional cellular systems. Our results show that the uplink, compared with the downlink, is more susceptible to the extra interference caused by using the same frequency in both directions.
A Survey on Knowledge Graph-Based Recommender Systems (2020)

To solve the information explosion problem and enhance user experience in various online applications, recommender systems have been developed to model users’ preferences. Although numerous efforts have been made toward more personalized recommendations, recommender systems still suffer from several challenges, such as data sparsity and cold-start problems. In recent years, generating recommendations with the knowledge graph as side information has attracted considerable interest. Such an approach can not only alleviate the above mentioned issues for a more accurate recommendation, but also provide explanations for recommended items. In this paper, we conduct a systematical survey of knowledge graph-based recommender systems. We collect recently published papers in this field, and group them into three categories, i.e., embedding-based methods, connection-based methods, and propagation-based methods. Also, we further subdivide each category according to the characteristics of these approaches. Moreover, we investigate the proposed algorithms by focusing on how the papers utilize the knowledge graph for accurate and explainable recommendation. Finally, we propose several potential research directions in this field.
Bioresorbable Scaffolds for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Do We Need an Off-the-Shelf ACL Substitute? (2010)

Currently available anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft sources, autograft and allograft, present potential problems that a natural biomaterial ACL graft might be able to solve. Earlier efforts in the development of synthetic ACL grafts were less than optimal, and those devices have largely been abandoned. We can learn from these past failures, and potentially develop a bioresorbable scaffold for ACL reconstruction, which will provide immediate stability, promote and direct tissue in growth, and degrade at an appropriate rate, without harmful wear debris. We have developed a modified silk scaffold, which is currently being evaluated in humans in a pilot study.
Getting lipids from glycerol: new perspectives on biotechnological exploitation of Candida freyschussii (2014)

C. freyschussii ATCC 18737 could be considered an interesting microorganism for utilization in biofuel industry. Cultivation of this yeast in media containing crude glycerol should be investigated deeper in order to evaluate whether it may find application in the valorization of the waste of biodiesel manufacturing.
Improving Vegetation Spatial Distribution Mapping in Arid and on Coastal Dune Systems Using GPR (2022)

Desertification and dune progression over vegetation is quantified using remote sensing data, but vegetation, eventually temporarily, buried under sand blowout may escape such assessment, and to estimate the extent of buried vegetation, a GPR campaign was conducted over the coastal sand-dune of Tottori Prefecture (Japan) in combination with a high-resolution topographic UAV-based survey of the topography. The result shows that buried vegetation exists underneath sand-blowout, especially near the dune ridges, and that this vegetation can extend 20 &amp;ndash; 30 m further than the estimation made from airborne remote sensing. Furthermore, the presence of palaeo-vegetation in palaeodune layers also provide information on the long-term evolution of sand dunes (with periods of stability vs rapid change), which can be used to reconstruct Quaternary coastal environments.
Value of sagittal color Doppler ultrasonography as a supplementary tool in the differential diagnosis of fetal cleft lip and palate (2016)

Sagittal CDUS of the fetal hard palate is a feasible method to directly reveal hard palate bony defects and flow through defects, which may have additional value in the differential diagnosis of fetal CL and CP.
The transformation of West European capitalism (1997)

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Biblioteca Centrale - P.le Aldo Moro, 7, Rome / CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche
Platinum-Catalyzed Enantioselective Tandem Alkylation/Arylation of Primary Phosphines. Asymmetric Synthesis of P-Stereogenic 1-Phosphaacenaphthenes (2008)

Enantioselective tandem alkylation/arylation of primary phosphines with 1-bromo-8-chloromethylnaphthalene catalyzed by Pt(DuPhos) complexes gave P-stereogenic 1-phosphaacenaphthenes (AcePhos) in up to 74% ee. Diastereoselective formation of four P-C bonds in one pot with bis(primary) phosphines gave C2-symmetric diphosphines, including the o-phenylene derivative DuAcePhos, for which the rac isomer was formed with high enantioselectivity. These reactions, which appear to proceed via an unusual metal-mediated nucleophilic aromatic substitution pathway, yield a new class of heterocycles with potential applications in asymmetric catalysis.