gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human Factors and the Cardiac Surgical Team: A Role for Simulation (2007)

Human factors play an important role in determining the outcome of cardiac surgery. The interaction of humans with their equipment, and with each other in teams, is critical to success. Simulation provides a means of teaching and assessing the technical and non-technical skills of clinicians and can facilitate research into interventions to improve safety. Simulation in anesthesia has taken much from aviation and provides a model that could be extended to perfusion. The cost of setting up a simulation center (or even of adding a perfusion simulator to an existing center) is relatively high, but the potential return on this investment is also substantial, particularly at a time when access to patients for teaching and research is becoming harder. Different degrees of complexity and fidelity in simulation lend themselves to different objectives, whether in teaching, assessment, or research. In the longer term, comprehensive simulations of cardiac surgical procedures involving all participants in meaningful simulated roles may be possible.
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT IN “BELT” APPARATUS AND PROBLEM OF TEMPERATURE CORRELATION AT HIGH PRESSURES (1979)

摘要 Abstract 作者及机构信息 赵有祥, 徐小平, 陈红, 王文魁 1. 中国科学院物理研究所 Authors and contacts ZHAO YOU-XIANG, XU XIAO-PING, CHEN HONG, WANG WEN-KUI 1. 中国科学院物理研究所 参考文献 [1] 施引文献
Efficient Control Plane for Passive Optical Burst Switching Network (2013)

International audience
APOE ε4 and Memory Among Patients With Heart Failure (2016)

Twenty-three percent to 50% of heart failure (HF) patients have memory loss. Objectives were to (a) characterize major allelic frequency of 2 variants in apolipoprotein ( APOE) gene in HF patients, (b) evaluate differences in memory and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels based on APOE ε4 allele(s), and (c) estimate effect sizes (ESs) and confidence intervals (CIs). In this pilot, 29 HF patients were enrolled and 26 completed. Recall and delayed recall memory were measured at baseline and 12 weeks. Serum was collected at baseline and 8 weeks. Seven (24.1%) patients had APOE ε4 allele. No significant differences were found in recall and delayed recall memory or serum BDNF levels based on APOE ε4 allele. ESs were small to medium; CIs indicated ES precision was small. Future studies are needed to fully understand how genotypic and neuropsychological phenotypic variables influence response to computerized cognitive training.
5β-(1-Pentyl)-2,3,3aβ,4,5,7aα-hexahydroindene-4β-carboxanilide (1988)

C 21 H 29 NO cristallise dans p2 1 /c avec affinement jusqu'a 0,061. Le cycle a 6 chainons (respectivement 5 chainons) a une conformation demi-chaise (respectivement croisee). Les molecules sont reliees entre elles par liaison hydrogene
La incidencia democrática de la nebulosa obligación de claridad del Dictamen relativo a la secesión del Quebec (2017)

espanolEl articulo analiza los efectos que el Dictamen del Tribunal supremo de Canada relativo a la secesion del Quebec genera desde una perspectiva democratica. Para ello se centra en dos aspectos. El primero propone una reflexion sobre los fundamentos del Estado de Derecho; sobre el alcance del constitucionalismo asi como sobre las exigencias asociadas al imperio de la ley y a la comprension del margen de discrecionalidad atribuido a los actores politicos. El segundo pone en evidencia la definicion estrecha de la democracia constitucional propuesta por el Tribunal asi como sus multiples zonas de sombra. EnglishThis article analyses the impact generated by the Reference re Secession of Quebec from a democratic perspective. Following that objective, it focuses on two aspects. The first one proposes a reflexion on the foundations of the Rule of Law, the range of constitutionalism as well as the requests associated to the supremacy of the law and to the understanding of the margin of discretion conferred to political agents. The second one shows up the narrow definition of constitutional democracy proposed by the Court as well as its large grey areas.
Endocrine-disrupting activity of chemicals in diesel exhaust and diesel exhaust particles. (2004)

Diesel exhaust (DE) is known as the main cause of air pollution. DE is a complex mixture of particulate and vapor-phase compounds. The soluble organic fraction of the particulate materials in DE contains thousands of compounds including a variety of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals. To clarify the endocrine-disrupting activities of DE, we have reviewed the reports about the effects of DE on the reproductive and brain-nervous systems, and the endocrine-disrupting action of diesel exhaust particles (DEP). In utero exposure to low levels (0.1 mg DEP/m3) of DE from day 2 postcoitum (p.c.) until day 13 p.c. reduced the expression level of Ad4BP/SF-1 mRNA and thereby might affect the development of gonads. Low levels of DE also reduced the expression of several genes known to play key roles in gonadal development, including an enzyme necessary for testosterone synthesis. Mature male rats exposed to DE during the fetal period showed an irreversible decrease in daily sperm production due to an insufficient number of Sertoli cells. DE exposure during the fetal period influenced the brain tissue in newborn mice. In the 3 mg DEP/m3 exposure group at 10 weeks of age, a significant reduction in performance was observed in the passive avoidance learning test in both male and female mice. In addition, the fetal exposure of mice to DE affected the emotional behaviors associated with the serotonergic and dopaminergic systems in the mouse brain. In toluidine blue-stained specimens from the DE-exposed group, edema around the vessels where fluorescent granular perithelial (FGP) cells exist and degenerated granules within the FGP cytoplasm were observed; similar findings were obtained by electron microscopic examination. DEP contain many substances that stimulate Ah receptors, such as the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon containing benzo[a]pyrene. DEP also contain substances with estrogenic, antiestrogenic and antiandrogenic activities. The neutral substance fraction of DEP has the causal substance that reduces estrogen receptor mRNA expression. Evaluating the influence of these chemicals present in the environment on human health is an important task.
From proteins to polysaccharides: lifestyle and genetic evolution of Coprothermobacter proteolyticus (2018)

ABSTRACT Microbial communities that degrade lignocellulosic biomass are typified by high levels of species- and strain-level complexity as well as synergistic interactions between both cellulolytic and non-cellulolytic microorganisms. Coprothermobacter proteolyticus frequently dominates thermophilic, lignocellulose-degrading communities with wide geographical distribution, which is in contrast to reports that it ferments proteinaceous substrates and is incapable of polysaccharide hydrolysis. Here we deconvolute a highly efficient cellulose-degrading consortium (SEM1b) that is co-dominated by Clostridium (Ruminiclostridium) thermocellum - and multiple heterogenic strains affiliated to C. proteolyticus . Metagenomic analysis of SEM1b recovered metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) for each constituent population, whilst in parallel two novel strains of C. proteolyticus were successfully isolated and sequenced. Annotation of all C. proteolyticus genotypes (two strains and one MAG) revealed their genetic acquisition of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), presumably derived from horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events involving polysaccharide-degrading Firmicutes or Thermotogae-affiliated populations that are historically co-located. HGT material included a saccharolytic operon, from which a CAZyme was biochemically characterized and demonstrated hydrolysis of multiple hemicellulose polysaccharides. Finally, temporal genome-resolved metatranscriptomic analysis of SEM1b revealed expression of C. proteolyticus CAZymes at different SEM1b life-stages as well as co-expression of CAZymes from multiple SEM1b populations, inferring deeper microbial interactions that are dedicated towards community degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose. We show that C. proteolyticus , a ubiquitous keystone population, consists of closely related strains that have adapted via HGT to presumably degrade both oligo- and longer polysaccharides present in decaying plants and microbial cell walls, thus explaining its dominance in thermophilic anaerobic digesters on a global scale.
Supplementary Table S2 from Genetic and Expression Analysis of MET, MACC1, and HGF in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Response to Met Inhibition in Patient Xenografts and Pathologic Correlations (2023)

Supplementary Table S2 from Genetic and Expression Analysis of MET, MACC1, and HGF in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Response to Met Inhibition in Patient Xenografts and Pathologic Correlations
456 (2013)

Introduction: Treatment of Refractory Status Epilepticus (RSE), which is defined as status epilepticus that is resistant to initial standard antiepileptic treatment, requires intravenous anesthetic agents. In addition to propofol, benzodiazepines and barbiturates, the use of ketamine administration for RSE has been reported in isolated cases and collectively in multi-center series. Methods: A retrospective chart review of 14 patients admitted to the Neurological ICU for management of RSE between 2010 and 2012 at Ochsner Medical Center. Results: RSE in 14 patients with ages ranging from 26–89 years (8 Females and 4 Males) were treated with a combination of propofol and ketamine infusions after failure of initial conventional therapy. Propofol infusion rates varied from 10 – 183 micrograms/ kg per/minute; the duration varied from 4–41 days. Ketamine infusion rates varied from 15–100 mcg/kg/min; the duration varied from 3 – 28 days. The duration of combination therapy varied from 1–26 days. Decrease in blood pressure requiring the use of vasopressors was observed in 4/14 (28%) of the cases and anti-hypertensive infusion was required in one 1(7%) case. The resolution of RSE was achieved in 11/14(78%) of the patients. The mortality rate our group was 4/14(35%). The mortality did not result from of complications of the anti-epileptic management. In 4/14 (35%) patients care was family’s request to withdraw care based on patient’s wishes and severity of underlying neurological injury. Conclusions: Successful control of RSE was obtained in all patients who completed this course of therapy. The combination of propofol and ketamine infusion did lead to some hemodynamic changes that were easily managed with vasoactive agents. These findings suggest that this regiment can be a therapeutic modality in treatment of refractory status epilepticus.
Anomaly detection in heterogeneous media via saliency analysis of propagating wavefields (2014)

This work investigates the problem of anomaly detection by means of an agnostic inference strategy based on the concepts of spatial saliency and data sparsity. Specifically, it addresses the implementation and experimental validation aspects of a salient feature extraction methodology that was recently proposed for laser-based diagnostics and leverages the wavefield spatial reconstruction capability offered by scanning laser vibrometers. The methodology consists of two steps. The first is a spatiotemporal windowing strategy designed to partition the structural domain in small sub-domains and replicate impinging wave conditions at each location. The second is the construction of a low-rank-plus-outlier model of the regional data set using principal component analysis. Regions are labeled salient when their behavior does not belong to a common low-dimensional subspace that successfully describes the typical behavior of the anomaly-free portion of the surrounding medium. The most at­ tractive feature of this method is that it requires virtually no knowledge of the structural and material properties of the medium. This property makes it a powerful diagnostic tool for the inspection of media with pronounced heterogeneity or with unknown or unreliable material property distributions, e.g., as a result of severe material degradation over large portions of their domain.
Video Transmission Over Lossy Wireless Networks: A Cross-Layer Perspective (2014)

Video content currently makes up nearly half of the “fixed” Internet traffic and more than a third of the mobile traffic in North America, with most other regions showing similar trends. As mobile data rates continue to increase and more people rely on 802.11 wireless for home and commercial Internet access, the amount of video transmitted over at least one wireless hop will likely continue to increase. In addition, as cameras continue to become smaller and cheaper, the demand for video services in sensor and MANET networks will also increase. In this paper, we examine the state of the art of wireless video communication at each layer of the networking stack. We consider both existing and emerging technologies at each layer of the protocol stack as well as cross-layer designs, and discuss how these solutions can increase the video experience for the end user.
Causation of Bias: The Episcope (2001)

A risk ratio or difference from a meta-analysis is as many as ten steps away from the unobservable causal risk ratios and differences in target populations. The steps are like lenses, filters, or other fallible components of the epidemiologist's "telescope" for observing populations. Each step is another domain where different biases can be caused. How biases combine across domains in the production of epidemiologic evidence can be quickly explained to nonepidemiologists by using a sequence of causal arrow diagrams with easy notation: (a) agent of interest, (b) background risk factors, (c) correlated causes, (d) diagnosis, (e) exposure measurement, (f) filing of data, (g) grouping of cohorts, (h) harvesting of cases and controls, (i) interpretations of investigators, (j) judgments of journals, and (k) knowledge of meta-analysts. For epidemiologists, this article serves as a review of ideas about confounding, information bias, and selection bias and underscores the need for routinely analyzing the sensitivity of study findings to multiple hypothesized biases.
Immunogenicity of Toxic and Detoxified Endotoxin Preparations (1968)

Several-times repeated injections of heat-killed cells, toxic endotoxins, or CH3OK detoxified derivative thereof (endo-toxid-2) result in a comparable antibody titer after 8-10 injections. The antibody titer produced by toxic preparations shows a rapid initial increase, while endotoxoid-2 produces a lower titer of circulating antibodies in the first 10 days. While toxic preparations produce both 2-Me resistant and sensitive antibodies from the beginning of the immunization, endotoxoid-2 produces almost exclusively 2-Me sensitive antibodies in the first 10 days. Simultaneous with the appearance of 2-Me resistant antibodies, the level of total antibodies rises rapidly. A single injection of toxic endotoxin produces a rapid antibody production which starts to decline after approximately 2 weeks. Booster injections bring this antibody level back to previous highs, but hardly any additional effect can be observed. A single injection of endotoxoid-2 gives a very slow output of antibodies, which seems to remain stable for 1 month. Booster injection of endotoxoid-2 results in a strong increase of antibody production.
A novel compact center-fed reflector antenna with one-dimensional beam scanning function (2012)

Recently, a small earth observation satellite has attracted considerable attention. However, for the small satellite whose resource is limited, it is difficult to load a high performance radar antenna used on the conventional large-sized satellite [1]. Therefore, a compact and light-weight radar antenna is demanded as an alternative for a conventional one.
Kernelized Subspace Pooling for Deep Local Descriptors (2018)

Representing local image patches in an invariant and discriminative manner is an active research topic in computer vision. It has recently been demonstrated that local feature learning based on deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) can significantly improve the matching performance. Previous works on learning such descriptors have focused on developing various loss functions, regularizations and data mining strategies to learn discriminative CNN representations. Such methods, however, have little analysis on how to increase geometric invariance of their generated descriptors. In this paper, we propose a descriptor that has both highly invariant and discriminative power. The abilities come from a novel pooling method, dubbed Subspace Pooling (SP) which is invariant to a range of geometric deformations. To further increase the discriminative power of our descriptor, we propose a simple distance kernel integrated to the marginal triplet loss that helps to focus on hard examples in CNN training. Finally, we show that by combining SP with the projection distance metric [13], the generated feature descriptor is equivalent to that of the Bilinear CNN model [22], but outperforms the latter with much lower memory and computation consumptions. The proposed method is simple, easy to understand and achieves good performance. Experimental results on several patch matching benchmarks show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-arts significantly.
Spinal muscular atrophy (2019)

“Take her home, love her, and we will strive together to prioritize her quality of life as her symptoms progress”: this is what many parents recall hearing when receiving a diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) in the past. The most common inherited basis of infant death, SMA is caused by recessive, loss-of-function mutations of SMN1 (survival motor neuron 1 gene), with retention but altered splicing of SMN2 , deficient expression of SMN protein, and degeneration of motor neurons causing profound muscle weakness. Two-thirds of patients with SMA develop symptoms before age 6 months, and without interventions of tube feeding and mechanical ventilation, had a nearly 100% mortality rate at age 2 years.1
Speeding up Support Vector Machine (SVM) image classification by a kernel series expansion (2008)

Due to their flexibility, and capacity to handle high dimensional vectorial data, support vector machines (SVMs) have become the reference for remote sensing imagery classification. However when processing large amounts of data the SVM classification could be a time consuming process. In this paper a new decomposition scheme of the SVM decision function is proposed. The decomposition is based on using the Taylor series expansion to approximate the kernel function. Then, using the results of the optimization problem of the SVM after the learning phase, this expansion is used to obtain an approximate decision function that provides a trade-off between the classification accuracy and the processing time. This speeds-up the SVM classification if limited processing time is available and favors accuracy if sufficient processing time is available.
User Involvement in Training Smart Home Agents (2022)

Smart home systems contain plenty of features that enhance wellbeing in everyday life through artificial intelligence (AI). However, many users feel insecure because they do not understand the AI’s functionality and do not feel they are in control of it. Combining technical, psychological and philosophical views on AI, we rethink smart homes as interactive systems where users can partake in an intelligent agent’s learning. Parallel to the goals of explainable AI (XAI), we explored the possibility of user involvement in supervised learning of the smart home to have a first approach to improve acceptance, support subjective understanding and increase perceived control. In this work, we conducted two studies: In an online pre-study, we asked participants about their attitude towards teaching AI via a questionnaire. In the main study, we performed a Wizard of Oz laboratory experiment with human participants, where participants spent time in a prototypical smart home and taught activity recognition to the intelligent agent through supervised learning based on the user’s behaviour. We found that involvement in the AI’s learning phase enhanced the users’ feeling of control, perceived understanding and perceived usefulness of AI in general. The participants reported positive attitudes towards training a smart home AI and found the process understandable and controllable. We suggest that involving the user in the learning phase could lead to better personalisation and increased understanding and control by users of intelligent agents for smart home automation.
On the Usefulness of Fibonacci Compression Codes (2009)

Journal Article On the Usefulness of Fibonacci Compression Codes Get access Shmuel T. Klein, Shmuel T. Klein * Department of Computer Science, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel *Corresponding author: tomi@cs.biu.ac.il Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Miri Kopel Ben-Nissan Miri Kopel Ben-Nissan Department of Computer Science, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Computer Journal, Volume 53, Issue 6, July 2010, Pages 701–716, https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxp046 Published: 14 May 2009 Article history Received: 07 June 2008 Revision received: 29 December 2008 Published: 14 May 2009
QFT design of a PI controller with dynamic pressure feedback for positioning a pneumatic actuator (2004)

Quantitative feedback theory (QFT) is applied towards the design of a simple and an effective position controller for a typical low-cost industrial pneumatic actuator with a 5-port three-way control valve, that is subject to disturbing forces. A simple fixed-gain proportional-integral control law with dynamic pressure feedback is synthesized to guarantee the satisfaction of a priori specified closed-loop performance requirements, including robust stability, tracking performance and disturbance attenuation, despite the presence of nonlinearities and parametric uncertainty in the pneumatic functions. A novel outer-inner design approach is proposed to avoid the synthesis of an unnecessarily complex outer loop controller. The merits of the inner loop feedback are examined from the perspective of system responses to step changes in the reference position and step changes in the disturbing force. Simulation results show clearly that the inner loop feedback improves the closed-loop disturbance response by eliminating oscillation and reducing the overshoot. The main contribution of this paper is the presentation of a systematic approach to the design of position controllers for pneumatic servos with dynamic pressure feedback, within the framework of QFT.
Diameters of finite upper half plane graphs (1996)

Let GF(q) be a finite field of q elements. Let G denote the group of matrices M(x, y) = (y x0 1) over GF(q) with y ≠ 0. Fix an irreducible polynomial For each a ϵ GF(q), let Xa be the graph whose vertices are the q2 − q elements of G, with two vertices M(x, y), M(v, w) joined by an edge if and only if The graphs Xa with a ϵ/ {0, t2 − 4n} are (q + 1)-regular connected graphs which have received recent attention, as they've been shown to be Ramanujan graphs. We determine the diameter of these graphs Xa. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Clinical and surgical applications of smart glasses (2015)

In order for the device to gain acceptance by medical professionals, smart glasses will need to be tailored to fit the needs of medical and surgical sub-specialties. Future studies will need to qualitatively assess the benefits of smart glasses as an adjunct to the current health information technology infrastructure.