gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantitative evaluation of energy distribution of interface trap density at MoS<inf>2</inf> MOS interfaces by the Terman method (2016)

We have evaluated interfacial properties of exfoliated MoS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> MOS interfaces with HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , and SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> by C-V measurements of thick-body MoS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> MOS capacitors. The Terman method have revealed that most of the MoS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> MOS interfaces exhibit a D <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">it</sub> peak of approximately 1×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">13</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> eV <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> at an energy level of around 0.35-0.4 eV from the midgap regardless of the gate dielectrics, which is attributable to the sulfur vacancies of MoS2. We have also revealed that some MoS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> MOS interfaces have a nearly constant D <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">it</sub> of around 1×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> eV <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> when there seems to be no sulfur vacancies. The analysis of the subthreshold swings in the MoS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> MOSFETs and TCAD simulation support the same energy distribution of D <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">it</sub> . Thus, we have successfully grasped the energy distribution of D <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">it</sub> at the native MoS2 MOS interfaces which is not strongly dependent on the gate dielectrics.
6.3: Field‐Sequential Smectic LCD with TFT Pixel Amplifier (2001)

Abstract A field‐sequential color smectic LCD has been developed using low‐temperature poly‐Si TFTs. An active‐load type TFT pixel amplifier is used to drive a V‐shaped‐switching smectic LC without voltage fluctuation. The optical response time is 300 μs for a field frequency of 180 Hz. This LCD is capable of displaying high‐quality motion‐picture images.
Development of a CO2 gas analyzer for monitoring soil CO2 concentrations (2008)

Measurement of soil CO2 concentrations is important for investigating the dynamics and diffusion of CO2 in soil. In this study, we developed a small CO2 analyzer for measuring in situ-soil CO2 concentrations. The CO2 analyzer consists of a module containing an infrared CO2 gas sensor, a temperature sensor, and a relative humidity sensor. These sensors are installed in a protective box with an air vent, which is suitable for burying in the soil. The output response time of the CO2 analyzer was 349 s, as evaluated from the phase lag after input of known CO2 concentrations. This response time is short enough to measure soil CO2 concentrations, because variations in concentration are slower than the response time of the analyzer. In a field test, we used the CO2 analyzer to measure soil CO2 concentrations at five depths (0–50 cm) over 2.5 months. While the CO2 concentration generally increased with depth, the amplitude of the variation in CO2 concentration decreased with depth. The phase lag of the variations in soil CO2 concentration also increased with depth, as did soil temperature. The tests confirm that the CO2 analyzer is applicable to continuous monitoring of soil CO2 concentrations.
Recording, Photometric Particle-Size Analyzer (1956)

A recording, photometric particle-size analyzer has been developed which is useful in comparing the particle-size distributions of dusts in the subsieve range. The instrument follows the progress of the sedimentation of a suspension by means of a collimated beam. Provision for continuously varying the sedimentation depth allows analysis of the entire range within 1 hr. The optical system and temperature control were designed to increase the accuracy of analysis of the finer particles. A simplified system is given for calibrating the sedimentation curves in terms of particle size.
Quality control ofBacillus thuringiensisssp.israelensisproducts based on toxin quantification with monoclonal antibodies (2007)

Abstract Quality control of Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. israelensis (Bti) products is currently based on international toxic units (ITUs). The potency of products is related to the activity of a standard (IPS-82, Institute Pasteur, Paris) assessed in bioassays using Aedes aegypti as a target host. The procedure is time consuming and costly, often producing variable results. The activity of Bti is based on four different insecticidal crystal proteins (ICPs): Cry4Aa, Cry4Ba, Cry11Aa and Cyt1Aa. Monoclonal antibodies were produced using IPS-82 for immunisation and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed. Antibodies were selected with specificity against Cry11A and Cyt1A. Cry4 specific antibodies could not distinguish between Cry4A and Cry4B. Within five replicate assessments of the three ICPs (in µg mg−1 ICP protein), an error between 3 and 8% was recorded, whereas a 14% error was obtained comparing seven samples of the same production batch for ITUs mg−1. The toxicity against A. aegypti expressed in ITUs correlated well with the results of the ELISA (correlation coefficient r Cyt 1=0.79; Cry 11=0.87; Cry 4=0.91) also when related to the sum of all ICPs (r=0.87). The ELISA can reduce efforts to determine Bti quality compared with the labour-intensive and variable ITU bioassay.
Electrochemistry of Anodes in Solid‐State Li‐Ion Polymer Batteries (1998)

An examination of the electrochemical performance of solid‐state lithium‐ion batteries was carried out using a solvent‐free solid‐polymer electrolyte at 60°C. We studied two different types of anode (negative electrode) material: graphite intercalation compound (GIC) or lithium‐titanium oxide , and was used as the cathode (positive electrode). Natural graphite and carbon fiber gave high reversible capacities of about 372 and 300 mAh/g, respectively. A vs. lithium cell discharged at the C/15 rate delivered 155 mAh/g corresponding to a 97% first‐cycle Coulombic efficiency. The irreversible capacity was high when carbon material was used as the negative electrode. However, this sacrificial capacity was very small when we replaced carbon with the spinel material. The crystallographic structure of was analyzed by X‐ray diffraction, and its stability was demonstrated by in situ scanning electron microscopy using , which is a zero‐strain insertion material that offers advantages for the solid‐polymer electrolyte cell including safety, long life, and reliability.
Monoclonal Antibodies against the Tn-Specific Isolectin B4 from Vicia villosa Seeds: Characterization of the Epitope of the Blocking Antibody VV34 (2004)

Vicia villosa isolectin B4 (VVLB4) recognizes the Tn antigen (GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr) exposed in certain human carcinomas. We have produced anti-VVLB4 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), and their lectin recognition selectivity was assessed by ELISA and Western blot against the purified Gal/GalNAc-specific lectins from Vicia villosa, Salvia sclarea, Helix pomatia, Arachis hypogaea, Glycine max, and Dolichos biflorus. The antibodies were also tested for their ability to block the binding of VVLB4 to the Tn antigen expressed on immobilized asialo ovine submaxillary mucin. Two MAbs, VV34 and VV2, specifically recognized VVLB4 and impaired the binding of the lectin to the Tn antigen by 98% and 21%, respectively. On the other hand, MAbs VV1 and VV22 cross-reacted with other purified lectins. The four antibodies recognized native and periodate-oxidized nonreduced as well as reduced VVLB4 after SDS-PAGE and Western blot, suggesting that they were recognizing continuous polypeptide epitopes. The VV34 antibody recognized two tryptic peptides (7-29 and 96-106) from VVLB4, which are contiguous in the three-dimensional structure of the lectin. The minimum structural determinant of the epitope was mapped to the polypeptide stretch (18)LILQED(23) using a set of overlapping synthetic peptides. This region of the molecule encompasses the C-terminal part of the loop joining strands beta1 and beta2 and the N-terminal part of beta2, and is located about 20-25 A away from the center of the Tn-combining site.
Adaptive bioinspired landmark identification for navigation control (2007)

In this paper a new methodology for landmark navigation will be introduced. Either for animals or for artificial agents, the whole problem of landmark navigation can be divided into two parts: first, the agent has to recognize, from the dynamic environment, space invariant objects which can be considered as suitable landmarks for driving the motion towards a goal position; second, it has to use the information on the landmarks to effectively navigate within the environment. Here, the problem of determining landmarks has been addressed by processing the external information through a spiking network with dynamic synapses plastically tuned by an STDP algorithm. The learning processes establish correlations between the incoming stimuli, allowing the system to extract from the scenario important features which can play the role of landmarks. Once established the landmarks, the agent acquires geometric relationships between them and the goal position. This process defines the parameters of a recurrent neural network (RNN). This in turn drives the agent navigation, filtering the information about landmarks given within an absolute reference system (e.g the North). When the absolute reference is not available, a safety mechanism acts to control the motion maintaining a correct heading. Simulation results showed the potentiality of the proposed architecture: this is able to drive an agent towards the desired position in presence of stimuli subject to noise and also in the case of partially obscured landmarks.
EEG/MEG Error Bounds for a Dynamic Dipole Source with a Realistic Head Model (2000)

This work presents the background and derivation of Cramér-Rao bounds on the errors of estimating the parameters (moment and location) of a dynamic current dipole source using data from electro- and magneto-encephalography. A realistic head model, based on knowledge of surfaces separating tissues of different conductivities, is used.
Reversibility Of Superconducting Nb Weak Links Driven By The Proximity Effect In A Quantum Interference Device (2015)

We demonstrate the role of the proximity effect in the thermal hysteresis of superconducting constrictions. From the analysis of successive thermal instabilities in the transport characteristics of micron-size superconducting quantum interference devices with a well-controlled geometry, we obtain a complete picture of the different thermal regimes. These determine whether or not the junctions are hysteretic. Below the superconductor critical temperature, the critical current switches from a classical weak-link behavior to one driven by the proximity effect. The associated small amplitude of the critical current makes it robust with respect to the heat generation by phase slips, leading to a nonhysteretic behavior.
Impact of peritumoral brain edema on pre- and postoperative clinical conditions and on long-term outcomes in patients with intracranial meningiomas (2023)

Preoperative PTBE significantly increased the incidences of specific preoperative symptoms, neurological deficits and postoperative complications in patients with intracranial meningiomas. After surgery, patients with preoperative PTBE required medical support significantly more often than patients without PTBE. However, all patients had favorable outcomes after surgery.
Estimation of fringe parameters (2004)

In this report we explore replacing the widely used optimal V<sup>2</sup> estimator with a model-fitting approach. We show that it is possible to fit the fringe power spectra with a physically reasonable model. This approach eliminates the biggest problem with the standard squared visibility estimator - determining the additive, dector-noise bias. We examine the dependence of the bias on count rate for consistency betwee on- and off-fringe measurements. The change of bias with fringe frequency provides additional information about the performance of the detectors. We have also applied a similar approach to the bias correction for the triple product, with comparable results.
Supplementary Figure 10 from The Exomes of the NCI-60 Panel: A Genomic Resource for Cancer Biology and Systems Pharmacology (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 880K, Volcano plots for 28 FDA approved cancer drugs of interest.&lt;/p&gt;
P059 Diet controls segmented filamentous bacteria in driving Crohn’s disease-like inflammation in TNFdeltaARE mice (2022)

Abstract Background Crohn’s disease (CD)-like inflammation in TNFdeltaARE mice (ARE) mice is triggered by dysbiotic gut microbial communities. Similar to the therapeutic effect of exclusive enteral nutrition in CD, dietary intervention using semi-synthetic experimental diet prevents disease development in ARE mice. The aim of this study is to identify the causal microbial cues responsible for CD-like inflammation and to dissect the protective role of diet in ARE mice. Methods Bacterial communities in ARE and wildtype (WT) mice were profiled by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, FISH and qPCR. Germfree WT and ARE mice were colonized with segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) from dysbiotic ARE mice. Disease activity, cytokine expression, mucosal immune cell infiltrates as well as Paneth and goblet cells phenotypes were assessed in murine ileal and colonic tissue. To assess the influence of diet on disease development, ARE mice were fed either chow, purified semi-synthetic experimental diet (SED) or fiber-rich diet. Impact of SFB on ileo-colonic inflammation was tested in additional mouse models (XIAP-/- and IL10 -/-). Mucosal biopsies from adult and pediatric IBD patients (N=407) were screened for the presence of human SFB using SFB-specific PCR primers. Results Under specific pathogen-free (SPF) conditions, ARE mice developed CD-like ileal inflammation which correlated strongly with increasing abundance of SFB. Mono-colonization of germfree ARE mice with SFB resulted in severe enterocolitis. Parallel to high tissue levels of TNF and IL-17, SPF-mediated inflammation was associated with neutrophil infiltration and the expansion of IFNγ expressing Th1 cells in the mucosa. Loss of Paneth and goblet cell function allowed SFB to penetrate mucus layers towards the epithelium. SED eradicated SFB and completely abolished inflammation in ARE mice. In contrast, fiber-rich diet partially restored SFB colonization and led to increased levels of inflammatory cytokines. SFB mono-colonization of GF XIAP-/- and IL10 -/- failed to induce inflammation, emphasizing host specificity to the mucosa-adherent SFB. Presence of SFB was confirmed in 12 ileal and 11 colonic mucosal biopsies from IBD patients with active or inactive disease. Conclusion We identified a novel pathogenic role of SFB in driving severe CD-like ileo-colonic inflammation characterized by loss of Paneth and goblet cell functions in ARE mice. Detection of SFB in mucosal biopsies of patients with IBD opens new perspectives about therapeutic strategies targeting SFB-mediated processes. Purified diet antagonized SFB colonization and prevented disease development in ARE mice in contrast to fiber-rich diet, clearly demonstrating the important role of diet in modulating a novel IBD-relevant pathobiont.
Pharmacokinetics of KRM-1648, a new benzoxazinorifamycin, in rats and dogs (1996)

The pharmacokinetics of 3'-hydroxy-5'-(4-isobutyl-1-piperazinyl) benzoxazinorifamycin (KRM-1648) in rats and dogs given a single oral dose of 3, 30, or 100 mg/kg of body weight were studied. In the rats, the concentrations of KRM-1648 in plasma, whole blood, and tissues peaked between 2.0 and 24.0 h, with elimination half-lives ranging from 6.2 to 19.5 h. The peak concentrations and the areas under the concentration-versus-time curves (AUC) for whole blood and tissues were 2 to 277 times higher than those for plasma. The high levels of KRM-1648 in tissues were consistent with its large volume of distribution (in excess of 10 liters/kg). A nonlinear increase in peak concentrations and AUCs for plasma, whole blood, and tissues occurred as the dose was increased and was consistent with the dose-dependent decrease in bioavailability. In the dogs, KRM-1648 levels in plasma and whole blood also exhibited a late time to the peak concentration (ranging from 4.0 to 11.2 h), a long elimination half-life (ranging from 15.2 to 24.0 h), and nonlinear kinetics. KRM-1648 exhibited high levels of plasma protein binding (more than 99%) and a high degree of affinity for lipoproteins in the plasma of both animals. After administration of KRM-1648, measurable levels of its metabolites, 25-deacetyl KRM-1648 in rats and 25-deacetyl KRM-1648 and 30-hydroxy KRM-1648 in dogs, were found in the biological samples tested. Thus, KRM-1648 is characterized by a high tissue affinity, a long elimination half-life, and nonlinear pharmacokinetics.
Molecular basis of Tocotrienols activity in modulating the growth and proliferation of breast cancer cells (2008)

Several studies have reported that tocotrienols (T3s) have an anti-proliferative activity on different cell lines, and in particular on breast tumor cells. At present, in vivo supplementation studies are in progress, providing encouraging indications on the possible utilization of T3s in the nutritional management within cancer therapy. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects are still scarcely understood. We have studied the effect of a T3s rich fraction from palm oil (TRF) utilizing a cDNA gene array, both on cultured human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA lines), human cervical cancer (HeLa cells) and on MCF-7 sub-cutaneously implanted on athymic mice. This articulated approach allowed the identification of a set of candidate genes modulated at transcriptional level by TRF and the building up of a conceptual basis to be utilized as the background for further studies addressing the molecular events induced by T3s. Our data strongly suggest that T3 action is at least in part dependent from signaling pathways associated to estrogen receptors (ERs). Utilizing in silico studies, in vitro ligand-displacement test and cultured cells we could in fact demonstrate that T3 can bind to both ERbeta and to the orphan receptors ERRs (estrogen-related receptors). This interaction, appears cell-type-dependent and, in some cases, mediated by a non-canonical activity of ERbeta, associated to the activation of AP1 transcription, induces an apoptotic response depending, at least in part, by the positive regulation of the expression of the gene encoding for MIC-1 (Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1), a member of the transforming growth factor-b superfamily, known to regulate tissue differentiation and maintenance. We concluded that T3s are able to bind to ERR acting as a negative agonist, driving the expression of a number of pro-apoptotic genes and triggering apoptosis in different tumor cells lines. Our data also contribute to the understanding of the ERR functions and the complex interaction with ERs and support the indication of a pivotal role of non-ERE mode of action of ERs in determining cell survival.
Current distribution in a 12 strand Nb/sub 3/Sn CICC and its influence on ramp rate limitation (1997)

Direct measurements of the current in each strand of a chrome coated Nb/sub 3/Sn CICC were performed during current and/or external magnetic field ramps. Severe non-uniformity of the strand currents was found immediately before quench. The currents in some of the strands were also observed to change abruptly at various points during external field ramps. The observed peculiarities of the strands' current behaviors are considered in the present paper and a simple "ad hoc" model of the ramp rate limitation phenomenon is proposed based on the hypothesis that current non-uniformity is a main cause of RRL. This model is compared with the experimental results.
A self-supervised feature selection algorithm for spectral embedding based on block HSIC lasso (2022)

Abstract With the rapid development of information technology, a large amount of unlabeled high-dimensional data has been generated. To be able to better handle these data, we propose a new self-supervised feature selection algorithm for spectral embedding based on block HSIC lasso (FSSBH). It innovatively applies the HSIC theoretical approach to unlabeled scenarios for feature importance assessment, and performs feature selection by self-supervised learning with the pseudo-label matrix formed by the spectral embedding. The algorithm is compared with five popular algorithms for classification experiments on seven publicly available datasets. The results show the superior performance of the FSSBH algorithm.
Formal verification of hardware: misconception and reality (2002)

Formal verification in hardware, is a novel technique for validating the functional correctness of designs through the various phases of the design process, starting from the first specification. Simulation, the present industrial standard tool for verification, relies on propagating a set of input test vectors through the design and manually observing the validity of the outputs corresponding to the inputs. In contrast, formal verification does not require any input vectors and at the same time guarantees 100% correctness. The idea behind the formal verification engines is to use mathematical techniques to exercise all possible inputs and automatically check for outputs that are not in order. The use of formal verification for equivalence checking, especially at the lower levels of abstraction, is of real advantage. In spite of the various informalities which creep into the verification process it is definitely a boon for coping with the complexity of today's design. However, giant strides need to be taken by the FV tool vendors in developing an adequate environment for performing sequential equivalence checking and property checking on large industrial designs.