gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Virtual Reality Study of Human Adaptability in Industrial Human-Robot Collaboration (2020)

Modern industrial automation may benefit from humans and robots collaborating with each other in a shared workspace. Even though collaborative robots are often designed to be physically safe, mental and emotional well-being of humans working with industrial robots, as well as the fluency of collaboration, are rarely considered. This study uses Pimax 5k+ Virtual Reality headset to study human behaviours in a potential collaborative task, where a human and a robot work at the same time on the same workpiece. The human's motion and physiological responses were collected from the VR equipment, wearable Zephyr Biomodule sensor and a subjective questionnaire. The results show that some people can easily adapt to the robot and work fluently even when it speeds up, while others fail to keep up with it and give up any attempts to collaborate. It was shown that participants, who fail to keep up with the robot can often be detected before they give up. This study shows not only the need to adapt the robot's behaviour (especially its speed) to each worker individually, but also the possibility to use human motion and physiological data to predict which worker is going to require additional support to improve the collaboration.
Synthetic and stereochemical aspects of intramolecular reactions of α-diazoketones catalysed by rhodium(II) carboxylates (1989)

Chapter 1 of this thesis is a brief introduction to the preparation and reactions of α-diazocarbonyl compounds, with particular emphasis on the areas relating to the research undertaken: C-H insertion, addition to aromatics, and oxonium ylide generation and rearrangement. A short summary of catalyst development illustrates the importance of rhodium(II)carboxylates for α-diazocarbonyl decomposition. Chapter 2 describes intramolecular C-H insertion reactions of α-diazo-β-keto sulphones to form substituted cyclopentanones. Rhodium(II) carboxylates derived from homochiral carboxylic acids were used as catalysts in these reactions and enantioselection achieved through their use is discussed. Chapter 3 describes intramolecular Buchner cyclisation of aryl diazoketones with emphasis on the stereochemical aspects of the cyclisation and subsequent reaction of the bicyclo[5.3.0]decatrienones produced. The partial asymmetric synthesis achieved through use of chiral rhodium(II) carboxylates as catalysts is discussed. The application of the intramolecular Buchner reaction to the synthesis of hydroazulene lactones is illustrated. Chapter 4 demonstrates oxonium ylide formation and rearrangement in the decomposition of an α-diazoketone. The consequences of the use of chiral rhodium(II) carboxylates as catalysts are described. Particularly significant was the discovery that rhodium(II) (S)-mandelate acts as a very efficient catalyst for α-diazoketone decompositions, in general. Moderate asymmetric induction was possible in the decomposition of α-diazoketones with chiral rhodium(II) carboxylates, with rhodium(II) (S)-mandelate being one of the more enantioselective catalysts investigated. However, the asymmetric induction obtained was very dependent on the exact structure of the α-diazoketone, the catalyst, and the nature of the reaction. Chapter 5 contains the experimental details, and the spectral and analytical data for all new compounds reported.
Predicting spatial patterns of soil bacteria under current and future environmental conditions (2021)

Abstract Soil bacteria are largely missing from future biodiversity assessments hindering comprehensive forecasts of ecosystem changes. Soil bacterial communities are expected to be more strongly driven by pH and less by other edaphic and climatic factors. Thus, alkalinisation or acidification along with climate change may influence soil bacteria, with subsequent influences for example on nutrient cycling and vegetation. Future forecasts of soil bacteria are therefore needed. We applied species distribution modelling (SDM) to quantify the roles of environmental factors in governing spatial abundance distribution of soil bacterial OTUs and to predict how future changes in these factors may change bacterial communities in a temperate mountain area. Models indicated that factors related to soil (especially pH), climate and/or topography explain and predict part of the abundance distribution of most OTUs. This supports the expectations that microorganisms have specific environmental requirements (i.e., niches/envelopes) and that they should accordingly respond to environmental changes. Our predictions indicate a stronger role of pH over other predictors (e.g. climate) in governing distributions of bacteria, yet the predicted future changes in bacteria communities are smaller than their current variation across space. The extent of bacterial community change predictions varies as a function of elevation, but in general, deviations from neutral soil pH are expected to decrease abundances and diversity of bacteria. Our findings highlight the need to account for edaphic changes, along with climate changes, in future forecasts of soil bacteria.
Frontotemporal dementia or frontotemporal lobar degeneration--overview of a group of proteinopathies. (2010)

Frontotemporal dementia is the second most common early onset dementia after Alzheimer disease. Frontotemporal dementias are a complex group of dementias. The clinical diagnosis can be perplexing because of concurring psychiatric and neurologic syndromes. Frontotemporal lobar degeneration, the underlying pathology, represents an emerging group of proteinopathies. Genetic factors play an important part in the etiologies of dementias. This article overviews current defining characteristics of frontotemporal dementias known also as frontotemporal lobar degenerations.
The human growth hormone gene family: structure and evolution of the chromosomal locus (1983)

The structure of the human growth hormone gene cluster has been determined over a 78 kilobase region of DNA by the study of two overlapping cosmids. There are two growth hormone genes interspersed with three chorionic somatomammotropin genes, all in the same transcriptional orientation. One of the growth hormone genes lies in an active chromatin conformation in the pituitary and at least one of the chorionic somatomammotropin genes lies in an active chromatin conformation in the placenta. The two groups of genes are highly homologous throughout their 5' flanking and coding sequences, but diverge in their 3' flanking regions which raises the paradox of how genes so similar in structural and flanking sequences can be so differentially regulated. Analysis of the sequences of the genes and identification of at least three different classes of duplication units interspersed throughout the five gene cluster suggests that the cluster evolved quite recently and that the mechanism of gene duplication involved homologous but unequal exchange between middle repetitive elements of the Alu family.
Oxidation of Carbanions (1968)

Oxidation of diphenylmethane in basic solutions involves a process where rate is limited by and equal to the rate of ionization of diphenylmethane. The diphenylmethide ion is trapped by oxygen more readily than it is protonated in dimethyl sulfoxide-tert-butyl alcohol (4 to 1) solutions. Fluorene oxidizes by a process involving rapid and reversible ionization in text-butyl alcohol solutions. However, in the presence of m-trifluoromethylnitrobenzene, which readily accepts one electron from the carbanion, the rate of oxygen absorption can approach the rate of ionization. 9-Fluorenol oxidizes in basic solution by a process that appears to involve dianion or carbanion formation. Benzhydrol under similar conditions oxidizes to benzophenone by a process not involving carbanion or dianion formation.
Adding of Nitrogen in Helium DBD: Consequences on the Self-Organization of the Discharge (2014)

Depending on the operating conditions, different regimes can be obtained in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD): filamentary, diffuse/homogeneous, or self-organized. For a planeto-plane DBD operated at high frequency (150 kHz) and at atmospheric pressure in helium gas, we show that the addition of a small amount of nitrogen induces a transition from the homogenous regime to a self-organized regime characterized by the appearance of several stable strips always located at the same position.
The Physics of Cancer (2019)

While often described as a "disease of the genes," cancer is, in fact, a complex dynamic system in which evolving cells both affect and are affected by the physical properties of their environment. About 10 years ago, after a number of multidisciplinary workshops and meetings, the NCI leadership embarked on a bold program to systematically integrate physical sciences into cancer biology and treatment through formation of the Physical Sciences-Oncology Network (PS-ON). Here, we highlight key areas in which the two disciplines have been successfully integrated and lessons learned from the first decade of the PS-ON experiment.
[Symptoms and clinical course of epilepsy with myoclonic absences]. (2011)

There is no comprehensive study so far in Japan on epilepsy with myoclonic absences (EMA), characterized by myoclonic absences (MA) as a specific seizure type. We retrospectively studied 9 patients (4 males and 5 females) with EMA confirmed by ictal video EEG and polygraph (EEG+EMG) recordings. The age at MA onset ranged from 18 to 92 months and the age at the last follow-up ranged from 3 to 39 years. The patients had IQ of 40 to 79. Eight patients had been free from seizures for more than one year at the last follow up. MA was controlled by valproate sodium monotherapy or combination of valproate sodium and ethosuximide with appropriate plasma levels. Generalized tonic clonic seizures and severe mental retardation were not necessarily associated with poor seizure outcome. Patients with long MA duration or MA status epilepticus were prone to be refractory to medication. EMA can be divided into two subgroups based on the seizure outcome, favorable and unfavorable. Further large-scale study is required.
<title>Polarization Michelson interferometer: principles and applications</title> (1999)

Applications of the polarization Michelson interferometer are reviewed. These include analog and binary polarization modulation, time shearing of a light pulse into a doublet of two separate pulses with orthogonal linear polarizations, creation of 'polarization-chirped' light pulses, generation of total and partial polarization states on and within the Poincare sphere, and measurement of the coherence and spectral properties of a quasimonochromatic light source.
Apoptosis and anthracycline cardiotoxicity (2006)

Anthracyclines were originally isolated from Streptomyces and consist of aglyconic and sugar moieties ([1][1]). The molecules are among the most effective anticancer drugs available with antitumor activity against both hematopoietic and solid tumors ([2][2]); however, important side effects of these
A Randomized Study of Alglucosidase Alfa in Late-Onset Pompe's Disease (2010)

In this study population, treatment with alglucosidase alfa was associated with improved walking distance and stabilization of pulmonary function over an 18-month period. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00158600.)
Expression of DSD‐1‐PG in primary neural and glial‐derived cell line cultures, upregulation by TGF‐β, and implications for cell‐substrate interactions of the glial cell line Oli‐neu (1998)

DSD-1-PG is a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan with neurite-outgrowth promoting properties expressed during development and upon lesion of neural tissues which has been defined with the specific monoclonal antibody 473HD. Double immunofluorescence studies performed on primary cerebellar cultures document that the proteoglycan is expressed on the surface of immature glial cells and the neural cell line Oli-neu, a model of mouse oligodendrocyte progenitors. Biochemical and immunoprecipitation studies performed with biosynthetically labelled Oli-neu and primary neural cells demonstrated that DSD-1-PG is expressed in vitro as a proteoglycan of 1000 kD apparent Mr with two core glycoproteins of 250 kD and 400 kD. In order to study the regulation of DSD-1-PG expression, an in vitro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on Oli-neu and mAb 473HD was established. TGF-β1-3 induced up-regulation of the proteoglycan, while various growth factors and cytokines did not significantly affect DSD-1-PG expression in both the supernatant and the extract of the culture monolayer. FACSCAN analysis suggested that the proteoglycan is upregulated on the surface of Oli-neu. Cell substrate adhesion assays revealed that this enhanced expression correlates with a selective reduction of adhesion to laminin, but not fibronectin or merosin, which could specifically be neutralized by antibodies to DSD-1-PG. We conclude that the proteoglycan contributes to the regulation of glial precursor interactions with the extracellular matrix. GLIA 23:99–119, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Combining supervised and unsupervised learning for zero-day malware detection (2013)

Malware is one of the most damaging security threats facing the Internet today. Despite the burgeoning literature, accurate detection of malware remains an elusive and challenging endeavor due to the increasing usage of payload encryption and sophisticated obfuscation methods. Also, the large variety of malware classes coupled with their rapid proliferation and polymorphic capabilities and imperfections of real-world data (noise, missing values, etc) continue to hinder the use of more sophisticated detection algorithms. This paper presents a novel machine learning based framework to detect known and newly emerging malware at a high precision using layer 3 and layer 4 network traffic features. The framework leverages the accuracy of supervised classification in detecting known classes with the adaptability of unsupervised learning in detecting new classes. It also introduces a tree-based feature transformation to overcome issues due to imperfections of the data and to construct more informative features for the malware detection task. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the framework using real network data from a large Internet service provider.
Studies in increasing the dynamic of cutting machines (2008)

Cutting of sheet metal is still a growing market which has especially changed with the appearance of the new solid state lasers which could improve the cutting speed dramatically. For using the capability of fiber or disc lasers with their excellent beam quality, their higher absorption in metal and the possibility of beam guidance by fibers, the dynamic of cutting machines must be tremendously improved for cutting complex 2D contours. [1][2][4] For thin metal sheets it was shown that cutting is possible in “remote technology” with very high average speeds [2] and without assisting gas. On the other hand the dynamic of the most standard machines is sufficient for cutting thick metal sheets. However, for cutting metal sheets in the most common middle range, a new system will be presented which can highly increase the dynamic and the accuracy of cutting machines by decreasing the peak loads of the machine axes. Especially for cutting complex geometries with a lot of small features, the system offers a promising gain in productivity.
Experimental Study of Sodium/Carbon Dioxide Reaction (2008)

Supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) is being investigated as a material for a secondary cooling system of sodium (Na)-cooled fast reactor to avoid Na/water reaction. In this type of reactor, however, it is necessary to consider the consequences of Na/CO2 reaction, which might occur in the case of tube rupture in a heat exchanger between primary and secondary systems. Experiments were carried out with test equipment for the Na/CO2 reaction, which can handle 1-5 g order of Na and measure temperatures using thermocouples. The solid products of the Na/CO2 reaction sampled from the equipment were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and chemical analysis. The parts of exhaust gases were analyzed by gas chromatography. From these experimental results, we proved that the reaction proceeded between liquid Na and CO2. The Na/CO2 reaction stopped only the pool surface reaction with a small quantity of aerosol emission when the initial temperature of Na was lower than 570°C. On the other hand, the reaction continuously proceeded with an orange-colored flame and aerosol release when the Na initial temperature was higher than 580°C, and the reaction products expanded to the margin of the Na pool tray.
Comparative Study of the Excess versus Absolute Adsorption of CO2 on Superactivated Carbon for the Near-Critical Region (2003)

The adsorption of CO2 on superactivated carbon was measured for the near-critical region, and a comparative study between the excess and the absolute adsorption was presented. The quantity of absolute adsorption was determined based on the principle that it is equal to the excess one if the product of the gas-phase density and the volume of the adsorbed phase can be neglected. However, all isotherms in the ranges of 273−360 K and 0−18 MPa can be satisfactorily modeled by properly accounting for such product. The number of molecular layers in the adsorbed phase was estimated based on the density and volume of the adsorbed phase as evaluated. It was shown that multilayer adsorption is possible for near-critical temperatures but seems impossible if the temperature is fairly far away from the critical. Finally, it was shown that the difference between the absolute and the excess isotherms of CO2 at 273 K could yield about 20% difference in adsorbent characterization.
Prosthetically directed implant placement using computer software to ensure precise placement and predictable prosthetic outcomes. Part 1: diagnostics, imaging, and collaborative accountability. (2006)

The need for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan remains essential for predictable treatment outcomes with dental implants. Advances in computerized tomography (CT) technology now enable the execution of a surgical outcome based on presurgical planning. Precise implant placement no longer relies on socalled mental navigation but rather can be computer guided, based on a three-dimensional, prosthetically directed plan. Current CT technology enables all implant team members to embrace the concept of collaborative accountability, which can ensure consistent outcomes. Clinicians can fabricate an implant-supported prosthesis presurgically using patients' CT scan data. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the use of scanning appliances to transfer clinically relevant prosthetic outcome information to a CT data set. With SimPlant software, this information can be used to provide a pretreatment outcome analysis, which can be used for fabrication of stereolithographic models and surgical drilling guides used during osteotomy preparation.
Evaluation of the Dynamic Behavior, Elastic Properties, and in Vitro Bioactivity of Some Borophosphosilicate Glasses for Orthopedic Applications (2021)

Abstract The present work employed the finite element model (FEM) to predict the influence of successive increases in borate (B 2 O 3 ) contents, from 0 to 25 mol%, on both the mechanical properties and dynamic behavior. By feeding the isotropic elasticity characteristics of the phosphosilicate glass to the model, such as Young's modulus, density, and maximum compressive stress of the produced glass samples to fit the aim of their clinical use. The effect of successive addition of B 2 O 3 on the in vitro bioactivity of the examined glasses in addition to examined after being dipped in simulated body fluid (SBF) at different times. Moreover, tracking the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA)-like layers on their surfaces using X-ray diffraction technique (XRD) technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results obtained indicated that increasing B 2 O 3 content to 25% was responsible for improving the deflect resistance by 39%. On the other hand, neither shear stress nor principles stress was affected by this increase in B 2 O 3 content. Moreover, the gradual increases in B 2 O 3 contents were very helpful in improving the bioactivity of the samples. From these promising results, the prepared glasses can be successfully used in bone replacement applications.
Source identification of oil spills by pattern recognition analysis of natural elemental composition (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSource identification of oil spills by pattern recognition analysis of natural elemental compositionD. L. Duewer, B. R. Kowalski, and T. F. SchatzkiCite this: Anal. Chem. 1975, 47, 9, 1573–1583Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60359a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60359a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views82Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Control Design for a Generic Commercial Aircraft Engine (2010)

This paper describes the control algorithms and control design process for a generic commercial aircraft engine simulation of a 40,000 lb thrust class, two spool, high bypass ratio turbofan engine. The aircraft engine is a complex nonlinear system designed to operate over an extreme range of environmental conditions, at temperatures from approximately -60 to 120+ F, and at altitudes from below sea level to 40,000 ft, posing multiple control design constraints. The objective of this paper is to provide the reader an overview of the control design process, design considerations, and justifications as to why the particular architecture and limits have been chosen. The controller architecture contains a gain-scheduled Proportional Integral controller along with logic to protect the aircraft engine from exceeding any limits. Simulation results illustrate that the closed loop system meets the Federal Aviation Administration s thrust response requirements