gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of B‐cell development and function by microRNAs (2013)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a new class of gene expression regulators whose functions influence a myriad of biological processes, from developmental decisions through immune responses and numerous pathologies, including cancer and autoimmunity. miRNAs are small RNA molecules that drive post-transcriptional negative regulation of gene expression by promoting the degradation or translational block of their target mRNAs. Here, we review some of the data relating to the role of miRNAs in the regulation of the B-cell lineage, with a special focus on results obtained in vivo. We start by giving a general overview of miRNA activity, including the issue of target specificity and the experimental approaches more widely used to analyze the function of these molecules. We then go on to discuss the function of miRNAs during B-cell differentiation in the bone marrow and in the periphery as well as during the humoral immune response. Finally, we describe a few examples of the contribution of miRNAs, both as oncogenes and tumor suppressors, to the development of B-cell neoplasias.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF NEW IRIDIUM AND RHODIUM COMPLEXES WITH DIPHENYLPHOSPHINITO‐ AND DIMETHYLPHOSPHITO LIGANDS (1982)

Abstract Aus dem dimeren Iridium‐Komplex (I) wird mit Diphenylchlorphosphin (II) der monomere Komplex (III) hergestellt, aus dem mit den zweizähnigen Liganden (IV) bzw. (VII) die Komplexe (V) bzw. (VIII) entstehen.
Inorganic Alignment Layers Using Noncontact Method for Liquid Crystal Displays (2005)

Inorganic alignment materials were deposited on indium–tin-oxide (ITO) glass by reactive sputtering deposition. After deposition, inorganic alignment materials such as a-SiO x and a-SiO x :H were irradiated using an Ar + ion beam (IB) for liquid crystal (LC) alignment. On the basis of the experimental results, an a-SiO x film deposited by sputtering does not align LCs regardless of IB treatment, but an a-SiO x :H film treated with varying IB energies, IB incident angles, IB doses, and IB irradiation times has excellent alignment properties and electro optical properties, the same as polyimide (PI). We investigated period of the stability of an inorganic alignment layer treated with IB after a long time. From the experimental results, the inorganic alignment layer irradiated with an IB does not experience degradation of its electro optical properties. These results imply that an inorganic alignment layer irradiated with IB can be adopted as an LC alignment layer instead of rubbed PI and that hydrogen plays an important role in LC alignment due to the difference in alignment properties between a-SiO x films and a-SiO x :H films.
Clinical Validation of Optical Genome Mapping for the Detection of Structural Variations in Hematological Malignancies (2022)

Abstract Structural variations (SVs) play a key role in the pathogenicity of hematological malignancies. Standard-of-care (SOC) methods such as karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), employed globally for the past three decades have significant limitations in the resolution or the number of recurrent aberrations that can be simultaneously assessed, respectively. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) based technologies are now widely used to detect clinically significant sequence variants but are limited in their ability to accurately detect SVs. Optical genome mapping (OGM) is an emerging technology enabling the genome-wide detection of all classes of SVs at a significantly higher resolution than karyotyping and FISH. OGM neither requires cultured cells nor amplification of DNA and hence addresses the limitations of culture and amplification biases. This study reports the clinical validation of OGM as a laboratory developed test (LDT), according to CLIA guidelines, for genome-wide SV detection in different hematological malignancies. In total, 68 cases with hematological malignancies (of various subtypes), 27 controls and two cancer cell lines were used for this study. Ultra-high molecular weight DNA was extracted from the samples, fluorescently labeled, and run on the Bionano Genomics Saphyr system. A total of 207 datasets, including replicates, were generated and 100% could be analyzed successfully. Sample data were then analyzed using either disease specific or pan-cancer specific BED files to prioritize calls that are known to be diagnostically or prognostically relevant. Accuracy, precision, PPV and NPV were all 100% against standard of care results. Sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility were 100%, 100% and 96%, respectively. Following the validation, 11 cases were run and analyzed using OGM at three additional sites. OGM found more clinically relevant SVs compared to SOC testing due to its ability to detect all classes of SVs at much higher resolution. The results of this validation study demonstrate OGM’s superiority over traditional SOC methods for the detection of SVs for the accurate diagnosis of various hematological malignancies.
Expression and kinetic characterization of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase from patients with the mut- phenotype: evidence for naturally occurring interallelic complementation (1997)

L-Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MUT) is an adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl)-requiring mitochondrial matrix enzyme that catalyzes the isomerization of L-methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA. Inherited defects in the gene encoding this enzyme result in the mut forms of methylmalonic acidemia. Expression of mature human MUT cDNA in Escherichia coli at a post-induction cultivation temperature of 12 degrees C, rather than 37 degrees C, led to the folding of the majority of the synthesized protein to a soluble form, with an activity of 0.2-0.3 U/mg protein in the cell-free extract, 10-15 times higher than that in human liver homogenate. Six missense mutations, producing the amino acid changes G94V, Y231N, R369H, G623R, H678R and G717V, were detected in MUT cDNA of patients suffering from the mut- form of methylmalonic acidemia, resulting from defective AdoCbl binding. Two (G623R and G717V) had been reported in other patients. Three (G94V, Y231N and R369H) are the first changes in the NH2-terminal part of the enzyme reported to cause the mut- phenotype. Enzymes with the mutations were individually expressed, and their kinetic parameters were generally in accord with published biochemical data from extracts of fibroblasts from these patients. The mutations increased the K(m) for AdoCbl by 40- to 900-fold, while V(max) values varied from 0.2% to nearly 100% of that of wild-type protein. In one case of a doubly heterozygous cell line, however, neither of the constituent mutant enzymes had a K(m) corresponding to the lower of the two estimated from the extract data. This finding may reflect the natural occurrence of interallelic complementation in vivo in this cell line.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Management of the Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. Review of the Literature and Report of an Italian Experience (2022)

The Thoracic Outlet Syndrome is a clinical potentially disabling condition characterized by a group of upper extremity signs and symptoms due to the compression of the neurovascular bundle passing through the thoracic outlet region. Because of the non-specific nature of signs and symptoms, to the lack of a consensus for the objective diagnosis, and to the wide range of etiologies, the actual figure is still a matter of debate among experts. We aimed to summarize the current evidence about the pathophysiology, the diagnosis and the treatment of the thoracic outlet syndrome, and to report a retrospective analysis on 324 patients followed for 5 years at the Padua University Hospital and at the Naples Fatebenefratelli Hospital in Italy, to verify the effectiveness of a specific rehabilitation program for the syndrome and to evaluate if physical therapy could relieve symptoms in these patients.
Establishment of primary vestibular schwannoma cultures from neurofibromatosis type-2 patients. (1999)

Primary cultures were established from vestibular schwannomas of NF2 patients. The cultured tumor cells were selectively amplified by growth factor supplemented medium and characterized by immunocytochemistry. NF2 cDNA was amplified by RT-PCR and mutations were detected by both the non-isotopic RNase cleavage assay and direct DNA sequencing, no detectable wild-type NF2 transcript was found in cDNA from the cultured cells. Distinguishable morphology and growth rate differences have been observed in different passages of the primary cells. The data suggest that a pure schwannoma primary culture can be established and could be very useful in vitro model for further understanding the NF2 gene function in Schwann cells.
Multi-Way Relay Networks: Orthogonal Uplink, Source-Channel Separation and Code Design (2013)

We consider a multi-way relay network with an orthogonal uplink and correlated sources, and we characterise reliable communication (in the usual Shannon sense) with a single-letter expression. The characterisation is obtained using a joint source-channel random-coding argument, which is based on a combination of Wyner et al.'s Cascaded Slepian-Wolf Source Coding and Tuncel's Slepian-Wolf Coding over Broadcast Channels. We prove a separation theorem for the special case of two nodes; that is, we show that a modular code architecture with separate source and channel coding functions is (asymptotically) optimal. Finally, we propose a practical coding scheme based on low-density parity-check codes, and we analyse its performance using multi-edge density evolution.
Advances in calcium phosphate coatings - anodic spark deposition: a review (2014)

High voltage anodization of titanium in the presence of an electrolytic medium containing calcium and phosphate ions has shown improved osteointegration and biocompatibility compared to untreated titanium. Processing parameters influence the unique porous microstructure developed during anodization. These parameters tailor the specific properties of the surface to achieve improved osseointegration of an implant. In addition, subsequent treatment following anodization further alters the microstructure. Numerous studies have examined the influence of these properties on the cellular response and the mechanical properties in terms of coating adhesion and pull-out strength in bone; however, there are conflicting reports on the cellular responses. This review examines those processing parameters and the related influence on cellular responses and mechanical properties. In addition, this review provides a summary of published reports regarding the work related to the advancement of calcium phosphate coatings achieved through high voltage anodization.
Comparison Study between Results of Ecosystem Model and Satellite Data in the Tokyo Bay (2004)

The hydro-dynamical and ecological coupled model were applied in the Tokyo Bay, to evaluate the flow pattern including water quality parameters and the distribution of biomass flux, and to compare with the results obtained from the satellite data during March 2001. The flow pattern and salinity distribution obtained from the present model were nearly identical with those of the previous studies. SST from NOAA/AVHRR was higher than model results in the mouth of bay and lower than model results in the inner bay, respectively. It was found that the concentration of chlorophyll-a estimated from SeaWiFS was considerably higher than that of model result, regardless similar distribution pattern. This disagreement will be studied through the more elaborate investigation in the future.
New substituted 4‐azatricyclo[4.3.1.13,8]undecane derivatives (1986)

Abstract The synthesis of a series of new substituted 4‐azatricyclo[4.3.1.1 3.8 ]undecane and 4‐azatricyclo[4.3.1.1 3.8 ]‐undecan‐5‐one derivatives is described. Compounds 4f and 4g displayed antiviral activity.
A Mn3O4nanospheres@rGO architecture with capacitive effects on high potassium storage capability (2019)

A two dimensional (2D) Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@rGO architecture has been investigated as an anode material for potassium-ion secondary batteries. Herein, we report the synthesis of a Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@rGO nanocomposite and its potassium storage properties. The strong synergistic interaction between high surface area reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets and Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanospheres not only enhances the potassium storage capacity but also improves the reaction kinetics by offering an increased electrode/electrolyte contact area and consequently reduces the ion/electron transport resistance. Spherical Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanospheres with a size of 30-60 nm anchored on the surface of rGO sheets deliver a high potassium storage capacity of 802 mA h g<sup>-1</sup> at a current density of 0.1 A g<sup>-1</sup> along with superior rate capability even at 10 A g<sup>-1</sup> (delivers 95 mA h g<sup>-1</sup>) and cycling stability. A reversible potassium storage capacity of 635 mA h g<sup>-1</sup> is retained (90%) after 500 cycles even at a high current density of 0.5 A g<sup>-1</sup>. Moreover, the spherical Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@rGO architecture not only offers facile potassium ion diffusion into the bulk but also contributes surface K<sup>+</sup> ion storage. The obtained results demonstrate that the 2D spherical Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@rGO nanocomposite is a promising anode architecture for high performance KIBs.
Theory of mirror spectrographs. II. General theory of focal surfaces and slit curvatures (1964)

Kia us D
The Blood Flow Shutdown Induced by Combretastatin A4 Impairs Gemcitabine Delivery in a Mouse Hepatocarcinoma (2016)

In recent clinical studies, vascular disrupting agents (VDAs) are mainly used in combination with chemotherapy. However, an often overlooked concern in treatment combination is the VDA-induced impairment of chemotherapy distribution in the tumor. The work presented here investigated the impact of blood flow shutdown induced by Combretastatin A4 (CA4) on gemcitabine uptake into mouse hepatocarcinoma. At 2 h after CA4 treatment, using DCE-MRI, a significant decrease in the perfusion-relevant parameters K<sup>trans</sup> and Vp were observed in treated group compared with the control group. The blood flow shutdown was indeed confirmed by a histology study. In a third experiment, the total gemcitabine uptake was found to be significantly lower in treated tumors, as assessed in a separate experiment using <i>ex vivo</i> fluorine nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The amount of active metabolite gemcitabine triphosphate was also lower in treated tumors. In conclusion, the blood flow shutdown induced by VDAs can impact negatively on the delivery of small cytotoxic agents in tumors. The present study outlines the importance of monitoring the tumor vascular function when designing drug combinations.
The role of pre-anneal conditions on the microstructure of Ge<sup>+</sup> implanted Si after high temperature milli-second flash annealing (2002)

The effect of the pre-anneal conditions on the final defect microstructure after flash annealing of Ge implanted Si is investigated using transmission electron microscopy. (100) Si wafers were implanted with 30keV Ge <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> implant at a dose of 1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">15</sup> /cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> followed by a 500eV B implant at a dose of 1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">15</sup> /cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The germanium implant produces an amorphous layer 480Å thick and the boron implant is completely contained within the amorphous layer. The wafer was subsequently subjected to an impulse anneal at ramp rates between 50°C/sec and 400°C/sec to temperatures between 700 and 900°C followed by a flash anneal to temperatures between 1100°C and 1300°C. The flash anneal occurred over a microsecond time scale so the ramp rates and the cooling rates are estimated to be 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> °C/sec. It was found that the ramp rate and temperature of the impulse pre-anneal has a remarkable effect on the final microstructure and sheet resistance of the implant. For the 760°C pre-anneal impulse temperature, followed by a 1300°C flash, decreasing the ramp rate of the impulse anneal from 400°C/sec to 50°C/sec increases the end of range defect density by 270% while the sheet resistance increased from 613 to 704 ohms/square. As the impulse temperature is increased the effects of the impulse ramp rate appear to decrease. The changes in the electrical and microstructural properties of the Si imply that the relatively low temperature impulse conditions play an increasingly important role as the high temperature flash anneals become shorter.
FDG-PET Positivity and Overall Survival in Renal Cell Carcinoma (2022)

This cohort study examines positron emission tomography in renal cell carcinoma and its association with overall survival among adults.
Polymer waveguide optical switch with <–40 dB polarisation independent crosstalk (1996)

A polymer waveguide thermooptic (2×2) switch is reported. It exhibits very low polarisation independent crosstalk of &lt;–40 dB for either switching state with only 3 mW (‘cross’ state) and 20 mW (‘bar’ state) electrical power consumption at λ = 1.55 µm. Based on this switching element, a (4×4) switching matrix with a crosstalk of &lt;–30 dB was fabricated.
How to Succeed in Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Primary Repair? Step‐by‐Step Technique (2018)

Historically, poor results of open primary repair of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries have been reported. It has recently been recognized that favorable outcomes of primary ACL repair are possible when selectively performed in patients with proximal tears and good tissue quality. Moreover, with arthroscopic technological advances, primary repair can be a valuable treatment option for patients with proximal tears. Preserving the native ACL has several advantages, including maintenance of native proprioceptive function and biology. The procedure is also minimally invasive and reduces the inflammatory reaction often seen in ACL reconstruction. Recently, it has been suggested that additional suture augmentation of the primary repair technique may be beneficial for protecting ligament healing during early range of motion. In this Technical Note, we present the step-by-step surgical technique of arthroscopic primary repair using a femoral suspensory device with suture augmentation.
Aortic Valve-Sparing Operations for Aortic Root Aneurysms in Grown-up Patients with Congenital Heart Disease (2018)

Objective: Aortic root aneurysms are unusual in children or patients with congenital heart disease and have received little attention to develop a best approach for management. In this study we analyzed our experience with aortic valve-sparing operations in grown-up patients with congenital heart disease.
Establishment and characterization of a human neuroblastoma cell line (1989)

A continuous human cell line RN-GA was established from a stage-III primary neuroblastoma prior to therapy. Light and electron microscopic analysis of the biopsy showed morphological features typical of neuroectodermal origin. Relative cellular DNA content and N-myc oncogene copy number were also analyzed in the biopsy tissue: the tumor cells presented a near-diploid genome with N-myc amplification. The derived tumor cell line expressed distinctive ultrastructural, cytogenetic and immunological markers of neuroblastoma. Moreover, cells from the culture could be serially transplanted into splenectomized-irradiated nude mice, where they formed a progressively growing solid tumor. Surprisingly, the cells in culture did not show any N-myc amplification, while they retained a near-diploid DNA content. We propose that several techniques (electron microscopy, oncogene analysis, flow cytometry, cytogenetics, tissue culture, cell antigen immunodetection) should be used to establish a firm diagnosis and a correct clinical grading of this tumor. The establishment of this continuous cell line should be valuable as an experimental in vitro system for further studies of neuroblastoma biology and morphology.
Tricyclic antidepressants as long-acting local anesthetics (2003)

Amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, doxepin, desipramine, protriptyline, trimipramine, and maprotiline are tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) used orally in treating major depressive disorders. Recent studies showed that amitriptyline is more potent in blocking the sciatic nerve functions in vivo by local injection than bupivacaine, a long-acting local anesthetic. We therefore tested whether various TCAs could likewise act as local anesthetics in vivo after single injection via the rat sciatic notch. The duration of complete sciatic nerve blockade by TCAs and the time to reach full recovery were measured with neurobehavioral assays and compared with results from bupivacaine. Amitriptyline, doxepin, and imipramine at 5mM elicited a longer complete sciatic nerve blockade than did bupivacaine at 15.4mM (0.5%), whereas trimipramine and desipramine at 5mM produced a shorter blockade. In contrast, nortriptyline, protriptyline, and maprotiline failed to elicit complete sciatic nerve blockade. Thus, TCAs have very different efficacy as local anesthetics in vivo. The duration of rat sciatic nerve blockade in vivo by TCAs is not well correlated with the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of TCAs in blocking human cardiac Nav1.5 Na(+) channels expressed in human embryonic kidney cells. With this in vitro expression system, TCAs appear more potent than bupivacaine as Na(+) channel blockers in Nav1.5 Na(+) channels. We suggest that the ability of TCAs to pass through various membrane barriers within peripheral nerve trunks is crucial to their local anesthetic efficacy in vivo. TCAs with a tertiary amine appear more effective in penetrating these membrane barriers than TCAs with a secondary amine.
Structure and Microbial Synthesis of Sub-10 nm Bi2O3 Nanocrystals (2008)

After the advent of novel chemical and microbial techniques, providing control over grain size and shape of the nanomaterials, several binary-oxide materials have been explored in size less than 10 nm for their tunable physical properties. Bi2O3 nanoparticles have also redrawn attention due to their excellent properties, mostly as optoelectronic material. Here, we report the room-temperature biosynthesis of Bi2O3 nanoparticles in a size range of 5-8 nm by extra-cellularly challenging the plant pathogenic fungus--Fusarium oxysporum with the bismuth nitrate as precursor. The as-synthesized particle-surfaces are inherently functionalized by a robust layer of proteins which provides them very good stability in the aqueous medium. Structural investigation using selected area electron diffraction, high resolution transmission electron microscopy and powder XRD shows that particles are almost perfectly single crystalline and primarily crystallize in alpha-phase with monoclinic structure.