gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation on Neurocognitive Outcome After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery (2002)

Neurocognitive decline is a continuing source of morbidity after cardiac surgery. Atrial fibrillation occurs often after cardiac surgery and has been linked to adverse neu-rologic events. We sought to determine whether postoperative atrial fibrillation was associated with postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Four-hundred-eleven patients were enrolled to receive a battery of neurocognitive tests both preoperatively and 6 wk after elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Neurocognitive test scores were separated into four cognitive domains, with a composite cognitive index (the mean of the four domain scores) determined for each patient at every testing period. Multivariable analysis controlling for age, years of education, diabetes mellitus, left ventricular ejection fraction, and preoperative atrial fibrillation compared the presence of postoperative atrial fibrillation with change in cognitive function. Three-hundred-eight patients completed both pre- and postoperative cognitive testing; 69 patients (22%) had postoperative atrial fibrillation. Those who developed atrial fibrillation showed more cognitive decline than those who did not develop postoperative atrial fibrillation (P = 0.036). Atrial fibrillation was associated with poorer cognitive function 6 wk after surgery. Although the mechanism of this association is yet to be determined, prevention of atrial fibrillation may result in improved neurocognitive function.
Coordinate induction of two antibiotic genes in tracheal epithelial cells exposed to the inflammatory mediators lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor alpha (1996)

Peptides with potent broad-spectrum antibiotic activity have been identified in many animal species. Recent investigations have demonstrated that epithelial cells are a site of antibiotic peptide expression, suggesting that these peptides contribute to host defense at mucosal surfaces. Expression of tracheal antimicrobial peptide (TAP), a member of the beta-defensin family of peptides, is inducible in cultured tracheal epithelial cells (TEC) upon challenge with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (G. Diamond, J.P. Russell, and C.L. Bevins, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, in press). In this study, an anchored reverse transcriptase PCR strategy was used to determine if TAP was the sole beta-defensin isoform expressed upon stimulation of the cells with LPS. In addition to TAP, a second class of cDNA clones which encoded lingual antimicrobial peptide (LAP), a beta-defensin peptide recently isolated from a different mucosal site, the bovine tongue, was identified (B.S. Schonwetter, E.D. Stolzenberg, and M. Zasloff, Science 267:1645-1648, 1995). Northern (RNA) blot analysis demonstrated in vivo expression of LAP mRNA in tracheal mucosa. Levels of LAP mRNA were higher in cultured TEC challenged with either LPS or tumor necrosis factor alpha than in control cells. Thus, a response of TEC exposed to inflammatory mediators is induction of antibiotic-encoding genes, including both TAP and LAP. This work complements the in vivo studies of Schonwetter et al. (cited above), which showed elevated levels of LAP mRNA in squamous epithelial cells of the tongue near sites of tissue injury and inflammation, by suggesting possible mediators of the in vivo observation. Together these lines of investigations support the hypothesis that inducible expression of endogenous antibiotic peptides by inflammatory mediators characterizes local defense of mammalian mucosal surfaces.
Poseidon P-8A - God of the Sea and Shaker of the Earth (2011)

Australia has international legal responsibility for the 3rd largest Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in the world - which equates to 8,148,250 square kilometres of ocean. As an island nation, Australia is highly dependent upon its Sea Lines of Communication (SLOC) for trade and defence and they need to be monitored and protected. This role is currently carried out in part by the 18 AP3-CII Orion Maritime Patrol Aircraft - upgrades P3Cs - of the Royal Australian Air Force. However, they are reaching the end of their operational lives and they will be replaced toward the end of the decade.
QRNAstruct: a method for extracting secondary structural features of RNA via regression with biological activity (2022)

Recent technological advances have enabled the generation of large amounts of data consisting of RNA sequences and their functional activity. Here, we propose a method for extracting secondary structure features that affect the functional activity of RNA from sequence-activity data. Given pairs of RNA sequences and their corresponding bioactivity values, our method calculates position-specific structural features of the input RNA sequences, considering every possible secondary structure of each RNA. A Ridge regression model is trained using the structural features as feature vectors and the bioactivity values as response variables. Optimized model parameters indicate how secondary structure features affect bioactivity. We used our method to extract intramolecular structural features of bacterial translation initiation sites and self-cleaving ribozymes, and the intermolecular features between rRNAs and Shine-Dalgarno sequences and between U1 RNAs and splicing sites. We not only identified known structural features but also revealed more detailed insights into structure-activity relationships than previously reported. Importantly, the datasets we analyzed here were obtained from different experimental systems and differed in size, sequence length and similarity, and number of RNA molecules involved, demonstrating that our method is applicable to various types of data consisting of RNA sequences and bioactivity values.
The TH29 support sections made of 31Mn4-13130 steel (1993)

Analyzes mechanical properties of the Th29 (V-shaped) sections used for manufacturing arched supports for underground coal mines in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Mechanical and physical properties of the 31Mn4-13120 steel and properties of the modified 31Mn4-13120 steel are comparatively evaluated: yield point, strength, ductility, impact strength, etc. Methods for improving steel properties and manufacturing steel with a high mechanical strength are analyzed (rolling, heat treatments, etc.). Testing mechanical properties of the V-shaped sections made of the 31Mn4-13120 steel with a high mechanical strength is discussed. Yield strength of arched supports made of the original steel and the steel with improved mechanical properties is comparatively evaluated. Effects of improving steel mechanical properties on its manufacturing cost and efficiency of strata control in underground coal mines are analyzed. 15 refs.
Ionic polymer–metal composites: III. Modeling and simulation as biomimetic sensors, actuators, transducers, and artificial muscles (2004)

This paper, the third in a series of four review papers to appear in this journal, presents a number of descriptions of various modeling and simulation techniques and, briefly, the associated experimental results in connection with ionic polymer-metal composites and, in general, ionic polymer-conductor composites, as soft biomimetic distributed sensors, actuators, transducers, and artificial muscles.
Micro-coils for MR spectroscopy by deep silicon etching (2005)

A process for batch fabrication of low-cost microcoils for magnetic resonance spectroscopy is demonstrated. Conductors are fabricated on oxidised silicon substrates by electroplating metals inside a deep photoresist mould, and passivated using an epoxy-based resist. Through-wafer deep reactive ion etching is used to define sample volumes and stencil cuts around each die, and dies are separated by snap-out. Single-coil and multiple-coil sensors are constructed by stacking parts on baseplates fabricated on the same wafer. Single turn coils have a Q-factor of ≈ 15 at 63.6 MHz, and Helmholtz coils a Q-factor of ≈ 13. Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy are performed, and a SNR of 900 is achieved.
Video-server retrieval scheduling and resource reservation for variable bit rate scalable video (2000)

State-of-the-art digital video compression produces bursty, variable bit rate video. The bursty nature of compressed video raises challenges in the design of video servers. In this paper, we first present a method for the efficient retrieval of bursty video data from the disk system to the memory of a digital video server. For a single video stream, the proposed retrieval schedule minimizes the buffer requirement for continuous retrieval, given that a fixed disk bandwidth is reserved for the entire duration of retrieval. Secondly, we present an optimal resource-reservation algorithm for multiple video streams based on the proposed retrieval schedule. The resource-reservation algorithm maximizes the number of bursty video streams that ran be supported by a video server given any disk bandwidth and memory resource. Thirdly, we present a progressive display scheme for scalable video that is based on the retrieval schedule and resource-reservation algorithm. Performance evaluations based on simulations using MPEG-2 trace data are presented. For a personal computer with four disks and a memory resource of 120 MB, our approach can support 50%-275% more video streams than previously proposed approaches, depending on the pre-fetch delay that users are willing to tolerate in interactive viewing of videos.
Specific Features of Synthesis, Structure, Magnetometry, and NMR Spectroscopy of Different-Type Nanowires (2022)

Nanowires of different types (homogeneous (made of iron) and heterogeneous (layered)), obtained by the template synthesis method, have been investigated. A technique for preparation of layered nanowire arrays with alternating thin layers of magnetic and nonmagnetic metals (Co/Cu and Ni/Cu) has been developed and described. Microscopy methods (SEM and TEM with elemental analysis) are used to study topography of the obtained structures, nanowire diameters, individual-layer thicknesses, and specific features of layer interfaces. Several ways of synthesis of nanowires with thin layers and sharp interfaces are proposed: dilution of electrolyte, use of a reference electrode, and monitoring of the charge passage. Layered nanowires are investigated by magnetometry; it is shown that the magnetic properties of a layered nanowire array (in particular, direction of the easy magnetization axis in the Co/Cu nanowire array) depend not only on the aspect ratio of the magnetic layer but also on the thickness ratio between the magnetic-metal layer and the nonmagnetic spacer (copper interlayer). Nanowires of the two types are studied using the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method. Layered Co/Cu structures are analyzed by 59Co NMR: it is shown that nanowires with smaller-thickness layers (and, accordingly, with a larger contribution from the interfaces) are characterized by a larger fraction of Co atoms coordinated by Cu atoms. The large fraction of the Cu-coordinated atoms suggests that copper impurity enters cobalt layers. Homogeneous nanowires made of iron are compared with bulk iron samples (57Fe NMR). The line is found to be shifted to higher frequencies (by 0.3 MHz), which is indicative of an increase in the field by about 0.2 T. A significant line broadening and a decrease in the spin–lattice relaxation time may indicate that there is a large dispersion between the local magnetic field values.
Evaluation of protein-DNA binding affinity by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (2004)

Binding affinity of complexes between a DNA-binding domain (DBD) of a transcription factor, c-Myb, and several double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) were evaluated by collision-induced dissociation (CID) of the multiply protonated molecules generated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Complexes of the c-Myb DBD and dsDNA were prepared in solution and analyzed by ESI-MS. Multiply protonated molecules of a high-affinity complex, the c-Myb DBD and dsDNA with a specific sequence, were clearly observed in ESI mass spectrum. Protonated molecules of the complex were quite stable in the gas-phase, and not easily dissociated even if high cone voltage was applied in the first vacuum chamber source when the sample was prepared in 10 mM ammonium acetate. As for the sample prepared in buffer with higher concentration of ammonium acetate, such as 500 mM ammonium acetate, protein-dsDNA complexes could easily be dissociated with an increase in the cone voltage, giving multiply protonated molecules of free c-Myb DBD and some DNA fragments. Systematic CID experiments were carried out on seven complexes between the c-Myb DBD and 22-mer dsDNA with different solution-Kd values in the range of 10(-9) M to 10(-7) M. For each complex dissociation curve as a function of cone voltage was plotted, and the cone voltage where 50% of the complex was dissociated (V(50%)) was calculated. Consequently, positive correlation was obtained between V(50%) and relative binding free energy change (DeltaDeltaG) in complex formation in solution. This suggests that ESI-CID experiments can provide quantitative evaluation of the stability of protein-DNA complexes based on proper calibration.
Stable and Transient Colour Centers in YAlO3-ND Laser Crystals (1998)

The result of investigation of the UV, gamma irradiation, annealing in air (700-1300 K) and N 2 +H 2 gas mixture (1700 K) on optical and lasing properties of Nd-doped YAlO 3 (YAP-Nd) laser crystals are presented The crystals were grown by the Czochralski technique from iridium crucibles in 98% Ar+2% O 2 atmosphere.
Modeling MOG Antibody–Associated Disorder and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder in Animal Models (2023)

In a multimodal longitudinal characterization of visual outcome in animal models of MOGAD and NMOSD, differential retinal injury and optic nerve involvement were not conclusively clarified. Yet optic nerve inflammation was earlier in AQP4-IgG-associated pathophysiology. Retinal atrophy determined by GCC thickness (OCT) and RGC counts correlating with mobility impairment in the chronic phase of MOG-IgG and AQP4-IgG EAE may serve as a generalizable marker of neurodegeneration.
Volumetric heat kernel signatures (2010)

Invariant shape descriptors are instrumental in numerous shape analysis tasks including deformable shape comparison, registration, classification, and retrieval. Most existing constructions model a 3D shape as a two-dimensional surface describing the shape boundary, typically represented as a triangular mesh or a point cloud. Using intrinsic properties of the surface, invariant descriptors can be designed. One such example is the recently introduced heat kernel signature, based on the Laplace-Beltrami operator of the surface. In many applications, however, a volumetric shape model is more natural and convenient. Moreover, modeling shape deformations as approximate isometries of the volume of an object, rather than its boundary, better captures natural behavior of non-rigid deformations in many cases. Here, we extend the idea of heat kernel signature to robust isometry-invariant volumetric descriptors, and show their utility in shape retrieval. The proposed approach achieves state-of-the-art results on the SHREC 2010 large-scale shape retrieval benchmark.
Impaired intestinal localization of mesenteric lymphoblasts associated with vitamin A deficiency and protein-calorie malnutrition. (1982)

We examined whether protein-calorie (PC) and vitamin A (VA) deficiencies altered the intestinal localization of mesenteric lymph node (MLN) lymphoblasts using an adoptive lymphocyte transfer method. MLN cells from donor rats were labelled in vitro with [125I]-deoxyuridine and injected i.v. into various recipients. Twenty-two to twenty-four hours after transfer of labelled cells prepared from PC-deficient donors, the percentage of radioactivity in the small intestine of normal recipients was two-thirds of that detected after transfer of cell obtained from normal donors. When donor cells were obtained from rats suffering both PC and VA malnourishment, this decrease was even greater, being only one-third of the normal donor cell control. Other experiments indicated that the defect in localization behaviour was associated with the donor blasts and not the recipient intestine. These findings suggest that defective localization in mucosal lymphoblasts may be a factor contributing to morbidity in malnourished populations.
Analysis of SecA Dimerization in Solution (2014)

[Image: see text] The Sec pathway mediates translocation of protein across the inner membrane of bacteria. SecA is a motor protein that drives translocation of preprotein through the SecYEG channel. SecA reversibly dimerizes under physiological conditions, but different dimer interfaces have been observed in SecA crystal structures. Here, we have used biophysical approaches to address the nature of the SecA dimer that exists in solution. We have taken advantage of the extreme salt sensitivity of SecA dimerization to compare the rates of hydrogen–deuterium exchange of the monomer and dimer and have analyzed the effects of single-alanine substitutions on dimerization affinity. Our results support the antiparallel dimer arrangement observed in one of the crystal structures of Bacillus subtilis SecA. Additional residues lying within the preprotein binding domain and the C-terminus are also protected from exchange upon dimerization, indicating linkage to a conformational transition of the preprotein binding domain from an open to a closed state. In agreement with this interpretation, normal mode analysis demonstrates that the SecA dimer interface influences the global dynamics of SecA such that dimerization stabilizes the closed conformation.
Profiling spatiotemporal gene expression of the developing human spinal cord and implications for ependymoma origin (2023)

The spatiotemporal regulation of cell fate specification in the human developing spinal cord remains largely unknown. In this study, by performing integrated analysis of single-cell and spatial multi-omics data, we used 16 prenatal human samples to create a comprehensive developmental cell atlas of the spinal cord during post-conceptional weeks 5-12. This revealed how the cell fate commitment of neural progenitor cells and their spatial positioning are spatiotemporally regulated by specific gene sets. We identified unique events in human spinal cord development relative to rodents, including earlier quiescence of active neural stem cells, differential regulation of cell differentiation and distinct spatiotemporal genetic regulation of cell fate choices. In addition, by integrating our atlas with pediatric ependymomas data, we identified specific molecular signatures and lineage-specific genes of cancer stem cells during progression. Thus, we delineate spatiotemporal genetic regulation of human spinal cord development and leverage these data to gain disease insight.
Enabling IPTV Service Assurance Using OpenFlow (2013)

One difficulty facing Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) service providers is the issue of monitoring and managing their service delivery network. An in-depth monitoring regime is required, which performs measurements within different networking devices. When network conditions deteriorate to the point where they could disrupt IPTV services, Network Operators (NOs) can use the measurements as a basis to reconfigure the network with minimal delay. OpenFlow (OF) presents a potential solution to this problem as it provides vendor-neutral access to the packet forwarding interface of the different hardware device types. This work investigates how OF can leverage video packet inspection measurements taken from within the IPTV service delivery network and combine these with OF statistics to make decisions regarding routing in order to assure service quality.
From optical proximity correction to lithography-driven physical design (1996-2006): 10 years of resolution enhancement technology and the roadmap enablers for the next decade (2006)

The past decade has experienced a remarkable synergy between Resolution Enhancement Technologies (RET) in Optical Lithography and Optical Proximity Correction (OPC). This heterogeneous array of patterning solutions ranges from simple rule-based to more sophisticated model-based corrections, including sub-resolution assist features, partially transmitting masks and various dual mask approaches. A survey of the evolutionary development from the early introduction of the first OPC engines in 1996 to the debut of Immersion Lithography in 2006 reveals that the convergence of RET and OPC has also enabled a progressive selection and fine-tuning of Geometric Design Rules (GDR) at each technology node, based on systematic adoption of lithographic verification. This paper describes the use of "full-chip" lithography verification engines in current Design For Manufacturing (DFM) practices and extends the analysis to identify a set of key technologies and applications for the 45, 32 and 22 nm nodes. As OPC-derived tools enter the stage of maturity, from a software standpoint, their use-model is being greatly broadened from the back-end mask tape-out flow, upstream, directly integrated into physical design verification. Lithography awareness into the physical design environment, mediated by new DFM verification tools and flows, is driving various forms of manufacturable physical layout implementation: from Restricted Design Rules and Flexible Design Rules to Regular Circuit Fabrics. As new lithography solutions, such as immersion lithography and EUV, will have to be deployed within a complex technology framework, the paper also examines the trend towards "layout design regularization" and its implications for patterning and next generation lithographies.
Object monitoring by prediction and localisation of nodes by using Ant Colony Optimization in Sensor Networks (2012)

Wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of tiny sensor nodes with sensing, computation and wireless communication capabilities. Now days, it is finding wide applicability and increasing deployment, as it enables reliable monitoring and analysis of environment. The design of routing protocols for WSN is influenced by many challenging factors like fault tolerance, energy efficiency, scalability, latency, power consumption and network topology. Mobile Sensor Networks (MSN) is networks composed of a large number of wireless devices having sensing, processing, communication, and movement capabilities. In WSN, the coverage of the large area can be improved by the moving the sensor nodes. Coverage in a wireless sensor network can be thought of as how well the wireless sensor network is able to monitor a particular field of interest. In this paper the problem of object monitoring in Mobile Sensor Networks can be identified. The proposed system consists of estimating the position of nodes and then the estimated positions are used to predict the location of nodes. Once the object is determined, the mobile node moves to cover the particular object. If the Target cannot be defined then the set of new nodes are located and each node is assigned a position to minimize the total travelled distance. The estimation and prediction of nodes are done by Interval Theory and the Relocation of Nodes is done by using Ant Colony Optimization. ACO is the Localization of Sensor Nodes which Tracks the Targets. In this proposed paper the simulation results are compared to object monitoring methods considered for networks with static nodes.