gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interaction between calcium, a model divalent cation, and a range of poly (Acrylic Acid) resins as a function of solution pH (1991)

The interaction between calcium, a small divalent cation, and selected polyacrylic acid polymers has been studied. The addition of calcium chloride to dispersions of the polymer reduced the maximal viscosity through an interaction which was not dependent upon physical entrapment of the cation by the viscous medium. The binding interaction between the cation and the polymer was pH dependent and apparently related to an ionic interaction with the ionized carboxylate groups in the polymer. The pH dependency of the calcium binding was more closely related to the intrinsic pKa (4.3) of the acrylic acid residues in the polymer rather than the apparent pKa (6.8) of the polymeric species.
Detection and Evaluation of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) in Rat Tissue by an Improved Immunohistochemical Procedure (1991)

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), an endogenous cell replication marker, was detected by an improved immunohistochemical procedure (super sensitive biotin-streptavidin), in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue. Small intestine, liver, kidney, testis, and esophagus from rats were stained for the detection and evaluation of PCNA as asuitable marker for cell proliferation. Different patterns of staining that are believed to correlate with the individual phases of the cell cycle (G1, S, G2, M, G0) were recognized. PCNA offers an alternative to established cell labeling techniques for investigating cell proliferation.
Post-operative epidural analgesia with low dose fentanyl, adrenaline and bupivacaine in children after major orthopaedic surgery. A prospective evaluation of efficacy and side effects (1997)

The efficacy and side effects of 100 lumbar epidural treatments with low concentrations of bupivacaine (1 mg mL−1), fentanyl (2 μg mL−1) and adrenaline (2 μg mL−1) combined with rectal paracetamol were prospectively evaluated in children aged 4-14 years after femoral osteotomy. The mean treatment time was 43 h and the mean dose was 0.18 mL kg−1 h−1. Ninety-nine per cent of the children were either without pain or experienced very low pain at rest for at least 80% of the treatment time. The same was the case in 80% of children when pain evaluation was made on active movement. No cases of seizures, signs of catheter migration, hypotension or respiratory depression were observed. Sixty-three per cent of the patients experienced nausea or vomiting, but antiemetic treatment was indicated in only 11%. One epidural treatment had to be stopped in a child who did not respond to antiemetics. The incidence of pruritus was high (49%), but the symptoms were mild and limited.
Distance corrections for single‐ and dual‐color lasers by ray tracing (1980)

The appendix is available with entire article on microfiche. Order from the American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20009. Document J80‐007; $1.00. Payment must accompany order. The physical arc length difference between the red and blue beam of a dual‐color laser generates an error term in determining Δ n (and thus n , the refractive index, and D , the line length). Numerical ray trace examples and theoretical approximations show the resulting relative error Δ D/D to increase as D 2 . The error reaches 1 part in 10 8 (10 7 ) at D of 12 (40) km, respectively, through an atmospheric structure of a line with Δ h ≅ 2000 m. Error reduction by a factor of nearly 10 is possible by using the pressure, temperature, and humidity of both endpoints to calculate n or, to a lesser degree, by assuming a standard coefficient of refraction k . Two lines, approximately 30 km each, with Δ h of 2000 and 3000 m, were sampled by helicopter on the island of Maui through an inversion layer. The two ray trace lengths were compared to standard reductions. Hypothetical shorter and longer lines through the same atmospheric structures and elevation difference Δ h are also reduced by both methods. Length differences from the two methods appear at 10 −7 level for lines longer than 60 km and depend on the sharpness of the temperature inversion. The dual zenith angle method of determining Δ h would yield errors of the order of 60 cm for the real line.
Structural Health Monitoring Applications (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Structural health monitoring of composite wing-type structures using magnetostrictive sensors/actuators Assesment of damage severity and health monitoring using PZT sensors/actuators Actuation of DCB specimen under Mode-II dynamic loading Wireless MEMS–IDT microsensors for health monitoring of structures and systems References
Two waves of γ δ T cells expressing different V δ genes are recruited into schistosome-induced liver granulomas (1995)

Isolated granulomas provide a unique model to study T cells in the site of inflammation. Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice develop liver granulomas in response to schistosome egg deposition and the granulomas contain gamma delta T cells that appear to be activated (Pgp-1high and L-selectin low). Analysis of kinetics and TCR gene usage of granuloma gamma delta T cells revealed a limited TCR repertoire restricted to V gamma 1.1, V delta 4, and V delta 6 genes, suggesting that the occurrence of gamma delta T cells in the granuloma is influenced by TCR V gene usage. The V delta 4+, but not the V delta 6+, gamma delta T cells expressed CD69, a marker of recent activation. To determine if there was a preferred order of accumulation of the gamma delta T cells in granulomas, s.c. sponge grafts were implanted into schistosome-infected mice, schistosome eggs were injected into the grafts, and accumulated T cells were sequentially analyzed. The earliest gamma delta T cell immigrants expressed V delta 6 and later immigrants expressed V delta 4 V genes. Additional evidence for a role of TCR specificity in the accumulation of gamma delta T cells in granulomas is their absence from schistosome granulomas in TCR transgenic mice that express only a single MHC-specific gamma delta TCR. Finally, gamma delta T cell recruitment into the granulomas did not require beta 2-microglobulin, since gamma delta T cells were present in liver granulomas of beta 2-microglobulin gene-disrupted mice. The analysis of the influx of gamma delta T cells into schistosome-induced, liver granulomas and schistosome egg-containing sponges provides a model system to investigate the role, if any, of gamma delta T cells in schistosome infections.
Anytime Stereo Image Depth Estimation on Mobile Devices (2018)

Many applications of stereo depth estimation in robotics require the generation of accurate disparity maps in real time under significant computational constraints. Current state-of-the-art algorithms force a choice between either generating accurate mappings at a slow pace, or quickly generating inaccurate ones, and additionally these methods typically require far too many parameters to be usable on power- or memory-constrained devices. Motivated by these shortcomings, we propose a novel approach for disparity prediction in the anytime setting. In contrast to prior work, our end-to-end learned approach can trade off computation and accuracy at inference time. Depth estimation is performed in stages, during which the model can be queried at any time to output its current best estimate. Our final model can process 1242$ \times $375 resolution images within a range of 10-35 FPS on an NVIDIA Jetson TX2 module with only marginal increases in error -- using two orders of magnitude fewer parameters than the most competitive baseline. The source code is available at https://github.com/mileyan/AnyNet .
Theoretical and computer study on the possibility of sub-femtosecond (attosecond) temporal focusing of photoelectron probing bunches with quasi-stationary electromagnetic fields (2003)

The problem of ideal first-order temporal focusing of photoelectron bunches with quasi-stationary electromagnetic fields is discussed on the basis of theoretical electron optics and computer modelling.
Sparso (2016)

The sparse matrix is a key data structure in various domains such as high-performance computing, machine learning, and graph analytics. To maximize performance of sparse matrix operations, it is especially important to optimize across the operations and not just within individual operations. While a straightforward per-operation mapping to library routines misses optimization opportunities, manually optimizing across the boundary of library routines is time-consuming and error-prone, sacrificing productivity.
Comparison of MRAS and novel simple method for position estimation in PMSM drives (2003)

The control of a high performance permanent magnet synchronous motor drive needs accurate information on rotor angle and angular speed. Two methods to estimate the position angle and angular speed of a surface magnet motor without the use of mechanical motion sensors are compared in this paper. The proposed estimator is compared to the model reference adaptive system (MRAS) estimator, which is a well known method of estimating the angle and speed of the PMSM. The simple algorithms studied in this paper do not need any information about mechanical system of the motor. The applicability of the estimators for closed-loop, estimator based, feedback control was studied using simulations and measurements with a real PMSM drive.
Transient response simulations of recombinant microbial populations (1988)

An asynchronous bacterial population has been approximated using a finite number of "computer" cells, each based on a complex single-cell model for Escherichia coli. This formulation correctly simulates the transient responses of protein and total cell mass synthesis rate to the sudden increase in the concentration of limiting energy source in the growth medium. Experimentally observed responses of rRNA and mRNA synthesis rates to growth rate shifts are qualitatively mirrored by the model. Simulation trends following those of a rel(-) mutant suggest that model modifications are needed to describe the dynamics of the stringent response. Simulations of the responses of recombinant populations to plasmid amplification or plasmid promoter induction also result in behavior similar to that determined experimentally. The calculated responses for recombinant populations subjected to constant promoter induction or cyclic induction-noninduction lead to the conclusion that inducible systems give greater productivity than those with fixed promoter strength. This formulation may be utilized as a basis for exploring other aspects of recombinant population dynamics.
Comment on “Spaser Action, Loss Compensation, and Stability in Plasmonic Systems with Gain” (2011)

A Comment on the Letter by Mark I. Stockman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 156802 (2011). The author of the Letter offers a Reply.Received 13 May 2011DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.259701© 2011 American Physical Society
Corrosion Resistance of Alumina-Chromia Ceramic Materials Against Molten Slag (2002)

Improvement of the corrosion resistance of refractories is required critically, since Al2O3 based conventional refractories used for incineration at the power generation plants are seriously corroded by the molten oxide mixture. In this study, the effect of the addition of Cr2O3 to Al2O3 on the corrosion resistance, and the corrosion behavior of Cr2O3–Al2O3 system are investigated in the molten oxide. Cr2O3–Al2O3 ceramic materials with TiO2 as a sintering additive were used for the corrosion tests. Specimens were soaked into the SiO2–CaO–Al2O3 based molten oxide and rotated. The corrosion rate of the material is controlled by the diffusion of components of Cr2O3–Al2O3 through the boundary layer. The corrosion resistance was improved by addition of Cr2O3. The largest improvement was achieved when the addition of Cr2O3 was 81.6 mol%. It can be explained by the difference of diffusion rate of Cr3+ and Al3+.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF FATTY ACIDS USING ORGANOCOPPER(I) ATE COMPLEXES DERIVED FROM GRIGNARD REAGENTS (1975)

Abstract Methylkupfer(I) (I) reagiert mit Grignardverbindungen (II) zu den Cu(I)‐at‐Komplexen (III), die mit den Jodverbindungen (IV) zu (V) führen.
Przekraczanie granic polityki zinstytucjonalizowanej. Ruchy społeczne jako aktorzy polityki nieinstytucjonalnej – od teorii do praktyki (2023)

Artykuł jest próbą konceptualizacji polityki pozainstytucjonalnej, a także ukazuje jej rosnącą rolę we współczesnej polityce. W artykule przyjęto tezę, że wspólnym elementem przyczyn wzrostu znaczenia polityki pozainstytucjonalnej, który zbliża, a nawet włącza politykę pozainstytucjonalną do polityki konwencjonalnej, jest protest. Stanowi on centralną kategorię analityczną, wokół której można zbudować teoretyczne uzasadnienie przyjętej tu tezy, zgodnie z którą polityka pozainstytucjonalna stała się współcześnie częścią tzw. polityki tradycyjnej. Argumenty przemawiające za tą tezą można po- dzielić na dwa główne nurty: pierwszy, systemowy, dotyczy przemian, jakie dotknęły zinstytucjonalizowaną politykę w systemach demokratycznych na przestrzeni ostatniego półwiecza, drugi, partycypacyjny, odnosi się do wieloaspektowego rozwoju ruchów społecznych we współczesnych społeczeństwach. Oba argumenty obejmują szeroki zestaw czynników, które oddziałują na siebie w procesie kształtowania polityki pozainstytucjonalnej, a w konsekwencji podnoszą jej rangę i poziom legitymizacji. The article attempts to conceptualize non-institutional politics, as well as shows the process of its growing role in contemporary politics. The thesis was adopted that a common element of the detailed reasons for the growing importance of non-institutional politics, which brings closer and even includes non-institutional politics into conventional politics, is protest. It constitutes the central analytical category around which to build a theoretical justification for the thesis adopted here, which states that nowadays non-institutional politics has become part of the so-called traditional politics. The arguments for this thesis can be divided into two main streams: the first, systemic, concerns the transformations that have affected the institutionalized politics within democratic systems over the last half-century, the second, participatory, refers to the multifaceted development of social movements. Both include a broad set of factors that the process of developing non-institutional policy and, consequently, increase its rank and legitimacy.
Differential expression of galectin 3 in solid cell nests and C cells of human thyroid: Figure 1 (2003)

Galectin 3 immunoreactivity permits a better characterisation and differentiation between solid cell nests and C cells, avoiding the misidentification of two biologically and clinically different thyroid structures.
Mechanical properties of functionally graded carbon black–styrene butadiene rubber composites: Effect of modifying gradation and average filler loading (2012)

Abstract The mechanical properties of functionally graded polymeric composites (FGPCs) with varying carbon black loading and the effect of stacking sequence in styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix were studied. For a given average amount of nanofiller, the modulus of FGPCs for any given stacking sequence of layers is higher when compared with its uniformly dispersed polymeric composites (UDPCs) counterpart. Tensile strength, elongation at break, and tear strength either increase or decrease depending on the stacking sequence and average loading of the filler in FGPCs. In addition, the smoother gradation (i.e., lesser difference in the amounts of CB content in adjacent layers) and a wide gap of difference in CB content in a stack has a profound effect on the modulus and tensile strength of FGPCs. Dynamic mechanical analysis shows lesser damping in FGPCs than UDPCs. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Trade-offs between spatial and temporal resolutions in stochastic super-resolution microscopy techniques (2016)

Widefield stochastic microscopy techniques such as PALM or STORM rely on the progressive accumulation of a large number of frames, each containing a scarce number of super-resolved point images. We justify that the redundancy in the localization of detected events imposes a specific limit on the temporal resolution. Based on a theoretical model, we derive analytical predictions for the minimal time required to obtain a reliable image at a given spatial resolution, called image completion time. In contrast to standard assumptions, we find that the image completion time scales logarithmically with the ratio of the image size by the spatial resolution volume. We justify that this non-linear relation is the hallmark of a random coverage problem. We propose a method to estimate the risk that the image reconstruction is not complete, which we apply to an experimental data set. Our results provide a theoretical framework to quantify the pattern detection efficiency and to optimize the trade-off between image coverage and acquisition time, with applications to $1$, $2$ or $3$ dimension structural imaging.
O2009 TREATMENT OF TYPE III ACETABULAR DEFICIENCIES USING A PEDESTAL CUP IN REVISION TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLATSY (2004)

Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the results with use of a newly developed, conical, titanium, ribbed shaft socket designed for cementless pressþt into the dorsocranial ilium for revision total hip arthroplasty Methods: 25 hips had an acetabular revision with a pedestal cup (Centerpulse). All of the patients had a type III defect according the AAOS classiþcation. There was an average follow-up of 4.3 years, with a range of 3 to 5 years. One patient died during the study period. All patients were evaluated radiographically, by CT-Scan and clinically. Results: At the time of follow-up, 22 (91.7%) of 24cups were stable. Both loosenings affected patients with an low-grade infect. In this group none aseptical loosening occurred. The average Harris Hip Score improved from 41 points (range: 16–78 points) preoperatively to 84 points (range 56–98 points) postoperatively. Complications included four dislocations without recurrency. The radiological follow-up examinations revealed osteointegration of 21 implants. Conclusion: The presented þndings show the short-term efþcancy of the prcedure with respect to implant þxation and clinical results in large acetabular defects, but longer follow-ups and a larger number of patients are needed before the durability of this reconstructive technique can be assessed. Our results should be considered encouraging.
Absolute Configuration of Oryzalexin A and Structures of Its Related Phytoalexins Isolated from Rice Blast Leaves Infected withPyricularia oryzae (1984)

Journal Article Absolute Configuration of Oryzalexin A and Structures of Its Related Phytoalexins Isolated from Rice Blast Leaves Infected with Pyricularia oryzae Get access Yoshiki Kono, Yoshiki Kono The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Setsuo Takeuchi, Setsuo Takeuchi The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Osamu Kodama, Osamu Kodama The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351, JapanLaboratory of Agricultural Chemicals, Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami-machi, Ibaraki 300–03, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tadami Akatsuka Tadami Akatsuka The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351, JapanLaboratory of Agricultural Chemicals, Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami-machi, Ibaraki 300–03, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 48, Issue 1, 1 January 1984, Pages 253–255, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1984.10866132 Published: 01 January 1984 Article history Received: 31 August 1983 Published: 01 January 1984
Autocorrelation of Ultrasound Speckle and Its Relationship to Beef Marbling (1993)

Speckle noise in ultrasound B-mode images of the longissimus dorsi or ribeye muscle acquired from live beef was statistically modeled and related to beef carcass intramuscular fat or marbling score that was determined visually on its corresponding carcass rib cross-section by experienced meat scientists. This model was applied to a total of 60 ultrasound images from two sets of beef populations. The highest correlations between the autocorrelations of speckle noise in the images and the carcass degrees of marbling were 0.822 for the first population (n = 15) and 0.206 for the second one (n = 45). With further research and confirmation, this approach may have the potential to be used as an objective method for beef marbling evaluation.
Withdrawn (2011)

Our research group has developed diets we refer to as Low Biologically Available Glucose (LoBAG) diets. These diets, in short-term studies (5–10 weeks), result in a decrease in glycated hemoglobin that is similar to or greater than that typically obtained with oral medications in patients with type 2 diabetes (1–3). The diet is lower in carbohydrates (CHOs) and higher in protein and fat than that recommended by the American Heart Association (4) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (5). It is not ketogenic and does not require weight loss. The diets are designated by the CHO content, which is given as a subscript; for example, if the CHO content is 30% of food energy, the diet would be termed as a LoBAG30 diet.
Construction of Recombinant Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus Expressing the LacZ Gene of E. coli with Thymidine Kinase Gene. (1994)

We constructed the recombinant infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV), CE strain, containing the LacZ gene of E. coli in the thymidine kinase gene. The growth property of the recombinant virus was almost the same as parental CE strain in chicken embryo fibroblasts. The recombinant CE strain of ILTV could be used as a live vaccine vector.
Leg ulcers in sickle cell disease (2010)

Sickle cell disease is a single amino acid molecular disorder of hemoglobin leading to its pathological polymerization, red cell rigidity that causes poor microvascular blood flow, with consequent tissue ischemia and infarction. The manifestations of this disease are protean.Among them, leg ulcers represent a particularly disabling and chronic complication, often associated with a more severe clinical course.Despite the fact that this complication has been recognized since the early times of SCD, there has been little improvement in the efficacy of its management and clinical outcome over the past 100 years. Recently, vasculopathic abnormalities involving abnormal vascular tone and activated, adhesive endothelium have been recognized as another pathway to end organ damage in sickle cell disease. Vasculopathy of sickle cell disease has been implicated in the development of pulmonary hypertension, stroke, leg ulceration and priapism, particularly associated with hemolytic severity, and reported in other severe hemolytic disorders. The authors present the proceedings from the Educational Session on Chronic leg ulcers in Sickle cell disease, held during the 4th Annual Sickle Cell Disease Research and Educational Symposium, on February 17, 2010 in Fort Lauderdale, Fla.
Design and optimization of large area thin‐film CdTe detector for radiation therapy imaging applications (2010)

The proposed CdTe-based large area thin-film detector has a potential of becoming an efficient low-cost electronic portal imaging device for radiation therapy applications.