gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resin-Based Materials with Chlorhexidine-Loaded MCM-41: Surface Characteristics, Drug Release, and Antibiofilm Activity (2018)

Poly(methyl methacrylate) resins containing chlorhexidine diacetate (CHX)-loaded mesoporous silicate MCM-41 have the ability to prevent <i>Candida</i> biofilm adhesion and growth over time. With the aim of increasing knowledge of the drug release and surface properties of these materials and their relationship with antibiofilm activity, in this paper an acrylic-based resin containing CHX-loaded spherical and narrow size silanized MCM-41 was prepared. Resins containing CHX but no filler were prepared as well and compared. Samples were characterized for polymerization degree, water sorption, and drug release. The sample capacity of inhibiting <i>Candida</i> biofilm adhesion and formation over time was evaluated. All samples were able to reduce the <i>Candida</i> biofilm mass over time. The resin containing CHX loaded into silanized MCM-41 mesopores resulted in less activity during the first 4 h but was able to maintain antibiofilm activity for a longer time. This effect was correlated to the prolonged CHX release and to the sample surface modifications observed after treatment with water and artificial saliva, evaluated by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, scanning electron, and atomic force microscopies.
Optimum processing for delay-vector estimation in passive signal arrays (1973)

For the purpose of localizing a distant noisy target, or, conversely, calibrating a receiving array, the time delays defined by the propagation across the array of the target-generated signal wavefronts are estimated in the presence of sensor-to-sensor-independent array self-noise. The Cramér-Rao matrix bound for the vector delay estimate is derived, and used to show that either properly filtered beamformers or properly filtered systems of multiplier-correlators can be used to provide efficient estimates. The effect of suboptimally filtering the array outputs is discussed.
Conservative Quantum Computing (2002)

The Wigner-Araki-Yanase theorem shows that conservation laws limit the accuracy of measurement. Here, we generalize the argument to show that conservation laws limit the accuracy of quantum logic operations. A rigorous lower bound is obtained of the error probability of any physical realization of the controlled-NOT gate under the constraint that the computational basis is represented by a component of spin, and that physical implementations obey the angular momentum conservation law. The lower bound is shown to be inversely proportional to the number of ancilla qubits or the strength of the external control field.
Human Blood Cell Sensing with Platinum Black Electroplated Impedance Sensor (2007)

AC impedance sensing is an important method for biological cell analysis in flow cytometry. For micro impedance cell sensors, downsizing electrodes increases the double layer impedance of the metal-electrolyte interface, thus leaves no sensing zone in frequency domain and reduces the sensitivity significantly. We proposed using platinum black electroplated electrodes to solve the problem. In this paper, using this technique we demonstrated human blood cell sensing with high signal to noise ratio.
Intensity and Phase Modulators in Epitaxial III-V Layers Directly Grown on Silicon Operating at 1.55 µm (2017)

We report for the first time electro-optic phase and amplitude modulators in GaAs/AlGaAs epitaxial layers grown on Si substrates. Intensity modulators with 4-mm long electrodes have Vπ of 3.59V corresponding to 1.44 V-cm modulation efficiency.
A point mutation in HIV-1 integrase redirects proviral integration into centromeric repeats (2022)

Retroviruses utilize the viral integrase (IN) protein to integrate a DNA copy of their genome into host chromosomal DNA. HIV-1 integration sites are highly biased towards actively transcribed genes, likely mediated by binding of the IN protein to specific host factors, particularly LEDGF, located at these gene regions. We here report a substantial redirection of integration site distribution induced by a single point mutation in HIV-1 IN. Viruses carrying the K258R IN mutation exhibit a high frequency of integrations into centromeric alpha satellite repeat sequences, as assessed by deep sequencing, a more than 10-fold increase over wild-type. Quantitative PCR and in situ immunofluorescence assays confirm this bias of the K258R mutant virus for integration into centromeric DNA. Immunoprecipitation studies identify host factors binding to IN that may account for the observed bias for integration into centromeres. Centromeric integration events are known to be enriched in the latent reservoir of infected memory T cells, as well as in elite controllers who limit viral replication without intervention. The K258R point mutation in HIV-1 IN is also present in databases of latent proviruses found in patients, and may reflect an unappreciated aspect of the establishment of viral latency.
Differential phase standard-deviation-based optical coherence tomographic angiography for human retinal imaging in vivo (2019)

We present a differential phase standard-deviation (DPSD)-based optical coherence tomographic (OCT) angiography (OCTA) technique to calculate the angiography images of the human retina. The standard deviation was calculated along the depth direction on the differential phase image of two B-scans (from the same position, at different times) to contrast dynamic vascular signals. The performance of a DPSD was verified by both phantom and in vivo experiments. When compared to other OCTA algorithms such as phase variance OCT, speckle variance OCT, and optical microangiography, we showed that a DPSD achieved improved image contrast and higher sensitivity. Furthermore, we also found the improved signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio of 1.6 dB and 0.5, respectively, in large scanning range images.
New user interface strategies for public telephones (1991)

BNR and Northern Telecom recently introduced a new public pay telephone. The Millennium telephone accepts cards or coins and as a public telephone, must cater to a wide variety of users, including the handicapped.
Construction and characterization of bicistronic retroviral vectors encoding the multidrug transporter and beta-galactosidase or green fluorescent protein. (1998)

Multidrug resistance (MDR) can be conferred by overexpression of the adenosine triphosphate-driven multidrug transporter P-glycoprotein (Pgp) known as MDR1. Thus, two potential applications of the MDR1 gene that may be useful in gene therapy are the protection of bone marrow cells from the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy regimens in cancer patients and its possible use as an in vivo selectable gene when linked to a therapeutic gene. In this study, we have designed two retroviral bicistronic expression vectors by linking the MDR1 gene to the reporters known as beta-galactosidase and the red-shifted green fluorescent protein (GFP). We report the creation of stable producer cell lines that synthesize virus particles carrying the MDR-internal ribosomal entry site (IRES)-lacZ and the MDR-IRES-GFP transgenes. These transcriptional fusions allow coordinate expression of Pgp and the reporter gene product to easily mark the MDR phenotype. Using the MDR-IRES-lacZ retrovirus, we demonstrate that periodic pulses of cytotoxic drug selection with a Pgp substrate enable sustained, long-term expression of the reporter beta-galactosidase in otherwise unstable transductants. We have also incorporated the improved features of GFP as a reporter gene into our MDR-IRES-GFP retrovirus. This vector allows rapid and specific identification of MDR1 gene transfer and expression in living cells either by fluorescence microscopy or by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis. These two MDR/reporter gene systems should be useful for in vivo studies, the evaluation of the potential of the MDR1 gene in gene therapy applications, and as a monitor of the selective efficacy of its MDR phenotype.
A Foot Placement Strategy for Robust Bipedal Gait Control (2008)

This thesis introduces a new measure of balance for bipedal robotics called the foot placement estimator (FPE). To develop this measure, stability first is defined for a simple biped. A proof of the stability of a simple biped in a controls sense is shown to exist using classical methods for nonlinear systems. With the addition of a contact model, an analytical solution is provided to define the bounds of the region of stability. This provides the basis for the FPE which estimates where the biped must step in order to be stable. By using the FPE in combination with a state machine, complete&#13;\ngait cycles are created without any precalculated trajectories. This includes gait initiation and termination. The bipedal model is then advanced to include more realistic mechanical and environmental models and the FPE approach is verified in a dynamic simulation. From these results, a 5-link, point-foot robot is designed and constructed to provide the final validation that the FPE can be used to provide closed-loop gait control. In addition, this approach is shown to demonstrate significant robustness to external disturbances. Finally, the FPE is shown in experimental results to be an unprecedented estimate of&#13;\nwhere humans place their feet for walking and jumping, and for stepping in response to an external disturbance.
Gentherapie in der Ophthalmologie123 - Übersicht über Perspektiven und Möglichkeiten für Erkrankungen der Kornea - (2001)

Background: Gene therapy has gained increasing attention and a number of ongoing clinical trials have been iniciated. This article provides current perspectives and limitations on gene therapy in ophthalmology. Since a number of comprehensive studies on gene therapy for retinal diseases already exist, we focus attention to the treatment of anterior segment disorders of the eye. Material and methods: We undertook a reference search (DIMDI, PubMed) of articles published between (1989-2000) using the key words cornea, conjunctiva, eye, gene therapy, and keratoplasty. The search was restricted to publications in English, French and German. In addition, we incorporated some results of our recent experiments on cytokine gene transfer to the cornea. Results: Attention to gene therapy in ophthalmology is currently focused on retina and choroidea (40 articles) however, an increasing number of publications includes the cornea (12 articles). The majority of these contributions deals with improvements in the design of gene therapy vectors in particular for targeted application. Conclusions: Gene therapy to the cornea may offer interesting new venues. Currently, insufficient gene transfer technologies and safety concerns prevent the broad application in humans. However, a broad spectrum of applications can be supposed.
Metallic State in a Lime−Alumina Compound with Nanoporous Structure (2007)

We report a metallic state in a nanostructured porous crystal 12CaO x 7Al2O3 by incorporating electrons in the inherent subnanometer-sized cages, in which a three-dimensionally closely packed cage structure acts as an electronic conduction path. High-density electron doping ( approximately 2 x 10(21) cm(-3)), which was achieved by a thermal treatment in Ti metal vapor at approximately 1100 degrees C, induces homogenization of the cage geometry to a symmetric state, resulting in an insulator-metal transition with a sharp enhancement of the electron drift mobility from approximately 0.1 to 4 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1). The results provide an approach for the realization of electroactive functions in materials composed only of environmentally benign elements by utilizing the appropriate nanostructures.
Flexible Nanoscale High-Performance FinFETs (2014)

With the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT), flexible high-performance nanoscale electronics are more desired. At the moment, FinFET is the most advanced transistor architecture used in the state-of-the-art microprocessors. Therefore, we show a soft-etch based substrate thinning process to transform silicon-on-insulator (SOI) based nanoscale FinFET into flexible FinFET and then conduct comprehensive electrical characterization under various bending conditions to understand its electrical performance. Our study shows that back-etch based substrate thinning process is gentler than traditional abrasive back-grinding process; it can attain ultraflexibility and the electrical characteristics of the flexible nanoscale FinFET show no performance degradation compared to its rigid bulk counterpart indicating its readiness to be used for flexible high-performance electronics.
Integrating product takeback and technical service (2003)

Product service and product takeback are often interrelated, as the reclamation of parts from end-of-life products is a low-cost alternative for obtaining spares for product repair. In this paper, we outline a concept for the integration of product repair and product takeback. We show that the replacement of a large share of conventional repairs with remanufacturing and reconditioning would result in a higher service level in product repair, and a significantly improved financial performance in both product takeback and product repair. The concept outlined in this paper could be a financially and environmentally sustainable solution for high return volumes in product takeback for a variety of electromechanical and electronic products. Low-cost alternatives to new products could become available on the market through the offering of remanufactured and reconditioned products with the same warranty as newly manufactured products. This extends the purchase options for consumers from simply getting a defective product repaired and buying a new product.
Luminescent solar concentrators based on molecular cocrystals as novel fluorescent materials (2014)

Thin-film luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) have been proposed as a promising technolo-gy to reduce manufacturing and installation costs of photovoltaic (PV) systems and to simultaneously achieve a more efficient light management in PV devices (Debije et al., 2012). In order to achieve op-timal optical efficiency of devices, different promis-ing luminescent species have been synthesized and incorporated in high performance LSC devices, such as organic dyes, quantum dots and inorganic phos-phors/rare earth ions. However, a fundamental issue common to all these systems is the need of achieving high levels of solubility of the luminescent species in the host matrix material during processing in order to obtain high device efficiencies. In fact, poor dye sol-ubility may lead to the formation of dimers and ag-gregates that may cause drop of fluorescence quan-tum yield and device performance (Griffini et al., 2013). For this reason, appropriate choice of luminophore/host matrix combination is very im-portant for optimal LSC device operations. In this work, we report the preparation of fluorescent films based on PMMA doped with Ac/Tc host/guest cocrystals and their use in LSC devices (Fig. 1). The fluorescent polymeric films were obtained by spin coating a solution of PMMA containing Ac and Tc onto glass substrate. Different process parameters were analyzed and
New thermal crosslinkers based on triazene: crosslinking of fluorinated polyimides and aromatic polymers (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew thermal crosslinkers based on triazene: crosslinking of fluorinated polyimides and aromatic polymersAldrich N. K. Lau and Lanchi P. VoCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 26, 7294–7299Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00052a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00052a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views385Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: UEBER DIE DARST. VON EIN‐ UND ZWEIZAEHNIGEN DITHIOPHOSPHINATO‐KOMPLEXEN DES RHENIUMS (1972)

Abstract Durch Ammoniak wird der zweizähnige Dithiophosphinato‐Ligand in (II) mit steigender Temperatur schrittweise ersetzt, wobei (I) und (III) entstehen, von denen (III) als (IV) charakterisiert werden kann.
Prototype air cleaning system for a firing range (1985)

This report recommends air cleaning system components for the US Army Ballistics Research Laboratory's new large-caliber firing range, which is used for testing depleted uranium (DU) penetrators. The new air cleaning system has lower operating costs during the life of the system compared to that anticipated for the existing air cleaning system. The existing system consists of three banks of filters in series; the first two banks are prefilters and the last are high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters. The principal disadvantage of the existing filters is that they are not cleanable and reusable. Pacific Northwest Laboratory focused the search for alternate air cleaning equipment on devices that do not employ liquids as part of the particle collection mechanism. Collected dry particles were assumed preferable to a liquid waste stream. The dry particle collection devices identified included electrostatic precipitators; inertial separators using turning vanes or cyclones; and several devices employing a filter medium such as baghouses, cartridge houses, cleanable filters, and noncleanable filters similar to those in the existing system. The economics of practical air cleaning systems employing the dry particle collection devices were evaluated in 294 different combinations. 7 references, 21 figures, 78 tables.
Polarization characteristics of alumina films anodized with large current density (1991)

Abstract To use an anodic alumina film as an optical functional device, the optical characteristics of the film was evaluated experimentally. Alumina film anodized in sulfuric acid with high current density has a polarization characteristic. The extinction ratio increases with the increase of the current density. When alumina film is used as an optical polarizer, the insertion loss can be reduced by filling the pores with dielectric material.
A high resolution study of stretched-spin states in 116-Sn. (1988)

In de grondtoestand van de kern 116-SN zijn de schillen die met protonen zijn gevuld, gesloten. Door een proton van de buitenste schil naar een hogere schil te brengen, komt de kern in een aangeslagentoestand met een zg, een deeltje- een gat- karakter (1p1h). .. Zie: Samenvatting
Polyethers. VIII. Isotactic polymerization of phenyl glycidyl ether (1959)

Abstract Phenyl glycidyl ether has been polymerized, using aluminum catalysts, to crystalline as well as amorphous polymers. The crystalline fraction is high melting ( ca. 200°) and insoluble at room temperature. The amorphous fractions are soluble at room temperature and some show rubber‐like properties. The best yields of polymer were obtained when reactions were carried out in bulk, in open, stirred systems using aluminum isopropoxide and zinc chloride as cocatalysts.
Robot-measured performance metrics in stroke rehabilitation (2009)

One of the useful features of robotic rehabilitation is the possibility of movement quantification, which is currently lacking in conventional rehabilitation therapy. Movement performance measures calculated from this quantitative information serves various purposes - (a) a good supplement to clinical assessment measures, (b) can be more sensitive than many clinical measures which use ordinal scales for scoring, (c) can be used to track a patient's recovery over time. Our research group has developed a 5 degree-of-freedom wearable exoskeleton robot for upper-extremity rehabilitation (RUPERT); RUPERT provides movement kinematics information in the form of joint angles, and also provides the pressure inside the pneumatic muscle actuators that drive the robot. In this paper we describe some useful robot-measured performance metrics that can be calculated from the sensor information collected from RUPERT. Some of the important performance-metrics described in this paper are - (a) Amount-of-assistance, (b) Smoothness, and (c) Movement synergy. We present a new method for calculating smoothness, which is uses a very different approach from some of the currently available approaches for calculating smoothness.; we call this approach the dasiaspectral methodpsila, which looks at the frequency spectrum of the movement velocity signal to estimate movement smoothness. In addition, we also present a method to analyze the effect of target location and DOF on the performance metrics, and also a method to detect fatigue.
Imaging Intratumor Heterogeneity: Role in Therapy Response, Resistance, and Clinical Outcome (2014)

Tumors exhibit genomic and phenotypic heterogeneity, which has prognostic significance and may influence response to therapy. Imaging can quantify the spatial variation in architecture and function of individual tumors through quantifying basic biophysical parameters such as CT density or MRI signal relaxation rate; through measurements of blood flow, hypoxia, metabolism, cell death, and other phenotypic features; and through mapping the spatial distribution of biochemical pathways and cell signaling networks using PET, MRI, and other emerging molecular imaging techniques. These methods can establish whether one tumor is more or less heterogeneous than another and can identify subregions with differing biology. In this article, we review the image analysis methods currently used to quantify spatial heterogeneity within tumors. We discuss how analysis of intratumor heterogeneity can provide benefit over more simple biomarkers such as tumor size and average function. We consider how imaging methods can be integrated with genomic and pathology data, instead of being developed in isolation. Finally, we identify the challenges that must be overcome before measurements of intratumoral heterogeneity can be used routinely to guide patient care.