gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recent ENDOR and Pulsed Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Studies of Cytochrome c Peroxidase ‐ Compound I and Its Site‐Directed Mutants (1989)

Abstract EPR, ENDOR and pulsed EPR were applied to the radical signals of yeast cytochrome c peroxidase‐compound I from this protein expressed in E. coli and two variants prepared after site‐directed mutagenesis. The compound I complexes studied were first, that of the parent peroxidase expressed in E. coli , and next, those of the following amino acid mutants as specific probes for the radical in compound I: 1. Tryptophan‐51 → Phenylalanine; 2. Tryptophan‐191 → Phenylalanine. Tryptophan‐51 lies near the heme on the distal (H 2 O 2 ‐binding) side of cytochrome c peroxidase, while Tryptophan‐191 lies in contact with the proximal heme ligand, Histidine‐175. EPR above 20 K and saturation recovery T 1 measurements at liquid He temperatures showed the unusual temperature‐dependent relaxation of compound I's axially symmetric signal ( g __ = 2.035, g⟂ = 2.00), which has comprised the major radical species in bakers' yeast wildtype compound I and here in all but the Tryptophan‐191 → Phenylalanine mutant. The ENDOR of the major radical species was characterized by the substantial hyperfine couplings previously proposed to be at a sulfur‐based radical. The mutation Tryptophan‐51 → Phenylalanine does not perturb these ENDOR features. Pulse field‐sweep EPR resolved for the first time distinct proton hyperfine couplings due to the features observed by ENDOR. A narrow, more typical organic free radical signal at g = 2.001 with resolved hyperfine structure was the only species observed from the Tryptophan‐191 → Phenylalanine mutant and was a minor feature in all samples. The Tryptophan‐191 → Phenylalanine mutation does perturb or destabilize the majority radical species of compound I. Thus, Tryptophan‐191 is either intimately involved with the kinetics of radical formation or participates intimately in the majority radical site, despite not being a sulfur‐containing amino acid.
MSW time variations of the solar neutrino flux (1998)

We consider the possibility of MSW time variations of the solar neutrino flux due to the radial motion of the Earth and neutrino interference effects. We have calculated the time variations of the detected neutrino flux including collisional decoherence and all other significant physical decoherence effects. Exact results for the detected neutrino flux and its time variations are presented for both the case of a solar neutrino line, and the case of a continuous neutrino spectrum with a Gaussian shape of the energy response function of the neutrino detector. We obtain constraints on the neutrino masses and the vacuum mixing angle required for significant flux time variations to be observed. Pac(s): 14.60.Pq, 26.65.+t, 96.60.Jw
Extracting contact misalignment from 4- and 6-terminal contact resistors (2003)

A heuristic model is derived from simulations describing quantitatively the effect of contact misalignment on four- and six-terminal contact resistance measurements with L-type test structures. The four-terminal resistor pair allows only the extraction of the sum of the misalignment components and the extraction of the average interfacial resistance of the two contacts while a quantitative evaluation is restricted to such small misalignments that the second-order effect can be neglected. The six-terminal contact resistor allows the separation of the misalignment components and the determination of a single interfacial resistance while the magnitude of the misalignment can extend into the validity range of the second-order model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A Tour of High Resolution Transforms (2009)

Summary Transform methods have provided effective tools to remove undesired events and for seismic data reconstruction. The purpose of this talk is to review transform-based seismic data processing methods and their application to noise reduction and data reconstruction. In particular, I will discuss the implementation of high resolution transforms via regularization techniques. I will also provide an example where the Gabor transform is turned into a high resolution transform and used for seismic data reconstruction.
Application of S-shaped curves (2011)

This paper deals with the application of S-shaped curves in the contexts of inventive problem solving, innovation and technology forecasts. After explaining the origin of the logistic S-curve its application, as seen in publications from different domains, is reviewed. Despite much criticism and the failure to apply the logistic function for long-term forecasting, it continues to be a popular model for describing the evolution of systems (technological, economical, social and others) over time. This paper can help researchers and practitioners to understand the scope of application of S-shaped patterns, their limitations, and peculiarities.
Differential expression of antiapoptotic gene BAG-1 in human breast normal and cancer cell lines and tissues. (1999)

BAG-1 is an antiapoptotic protein that binds to and enhances the antiapoptotic activity of Bcl-2. It binds several growth factor and hormone receptors and modulates their function. BAG-1 was also shown recently to be expressed as four protein isoforms, p50, p46, p33, and p29, through alternative translation initiation. Although many apoptosis-associated genes have been linked to oncogenesis of human breast cancer, the role of BAG-1 has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we examined the expression of BAG-1 RNA or protein isoforms and its interacting antiapoptotic proteins, Bcl-2 and BcI-X(L), in breast normal and tumor cell lines and tissues by Northern or Western blot analysis. We provide convincing evidence that both BAG-1 RNA and protein are overexpressed in human breast cancer cell lines. More importantly, we found that the expression of two isoforms of BAG-1, p46 and p33, was also much higher in breast primary tumors. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L) correlated with that of BAG-1 in breast normal and carcinoma cell lines but not tissues. Our study suggests that BAG-1 isoforms may serve as a molecular marker, independent of Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L), for human breast cancer.
Electrical activity of the human uterus during pregnancy as recorded from the abdominal surface (1997)

Recording of uterine electromyographic activity from the abdominal surface is a reliable method to follow the evolution of uterine contractility during pregnancy and during term and preterm labor. Further studies will define the usefulness of this noninvasive technology in the prediction and management of labor.
Relative-intensity-noise cancellation in bandpass external-modulation links (1998)

A new method of optically summing time-shifted complementary signals to cancel relative intensity noise (RIN) in narrow-band external-modulation optical links is proposed and demonstrated. Differential-link noise figure and dynamic-range improvement are compared to the conventional low-biased modulator configuration for suboctave applications. RIN suppression of 12 dB at 4 GHz is demonstrated.
Media Independent Handovers: LAN, MAN and WAN Scenarios (2009)

A new plethora of wireless access technologies and services are emerging, driving the Internet access paradigm to a different stage. In order to provide seamless connectivity among the new wireless access technologies, such as Wi-Fi, WiMAX and UMTS, the IEEE 802.21 standard has defined the media independent handover framework. This paper presents a thorough description of a seamless handover procedure in a heterogeneous access network environment, by describing the different phases of the handover process to support the interactions with Wi-Fi, WiMAX and UMTS. Further, we present a meticulous evaluation of the depicted handover mechanisms, optimized by the 802.21 framework, demonstrating that seamless mobility is achieved with low latency and no packet loss. To perform the evaluation, significant add-ons, described in this paper, were implemented in the NS-2 simulator to support all the functionalities defined by the IEEE 802.21 standard.
Moment-Based Power Estimation in Very Deep Submicron Tech n o log i es (2003)

The significant power optimization possibilities in the early stages of the design Row advice the use of energy evaluation techniques at high levels of abstraction. With this aim, the present work addresses the estimation ofthe energy consumption in very deep submicron technologies. Using the characterization of the probability density function with a projection in an orthogonal polynomial base, and a symbolic propagation mechanism, a technique is presented to estimate the dynamic and static power consumption in digital systems. The proposed approach has been validated with circuits and excitations from realistic applications. Comparisons with reference transistor and bit level simulations are reported in order to asses the the accuracy of the technique.
Centrin-anchored hydrodynamic shape changes underpin active nuclear rerouting in branched hyphae of an oomycete pathogen (2019)

Abstract Polyenergid fungi and oomycetes are phylogenetically distant but structurally similar. To address whether they share similar nuclear dynamics we carried out time-lapse imaging of fluorescently labelled Phytophthora palmivora nuclei. Nuclei underwent coordinated bi-directional movements during plant infection. Within hyphal networks growing in planta or in axenic culture nuclei are either dragged passively with the cytoplasm or actively become rerouted toward nuclei-depleted hyphal sections and often display a very stretched shape. Benomyl-induced depolymerization of microtubules reduced active movements and the occurrence of stretched nuclei. A centrosome protein localized at the leading end of stretched nuclei, suggesting that like fungi astral microtubule-guided movements contribute to nuclear distribution within oomycete hyphae. The remarkable hydrodynamic shape adaptations of Phytophthora nuclei contrast those in fungi and likely enable them to migrate over longer distances. Therefore, our work summarises mechanisms which enable a near equal nuclear distribution in an oomycete. We provide a basis for computational modelling of hydrodynamic nuclear deformation within branched tubular networks.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMAL REARRANGEMENT OF VINYLALLENES: SYNTHESIS OF 3‐DEOXY‐1α‐HYDROXY‐14‐EPIPREVITAMIN D3 (1984)

Abstract Aus dem Olefin (I) erhält man mit Dibromcarben das Dibrom‐cyclopropan (II), das mit Methyllithium zum Allen (III) führt.
Feasibility Study on Direct Counting of Viruses and Bacteria by Using Microelectrode Array (2011)

Abstract A concept of a system is proposed for counting viruses (∼100 nm) and bacteria (∼1 µm) using a sensor array with microelectrodes that are almost the same size as the target. A finite element method simulation theoretically clarified that single targets can be detected using the microelectrode as an 8 % increase in resistance in impedance spectroscopy and a 10 % decrease in redox current in amperometry. In experiments, the polystyrene beads used as model targets were successfully detected in both impedance spectroscopy and amperometry. The results showed that even a 100‐nm target can be detected by optimizing measurement conditions.
Reflecting on transference and countertransference in a forensic inpatient setting: The perspective of three Assistant Psychologists (2017)

Within psychology, reflective practice is an important tool to aid the personal and professional development of the clinician. In this article, three assistant psychologists reflect on their clinical experiences, in the context of the psychodynamic principles of transference and countertransference.
Assessment of Oritavancin Serum Protein Binding across Species (2010)

Biophysical methods to study the binding of oritavancin, a lipoglycopeptide, to serum protein are confounded by nonspecific drug adsorption to labware surfaces. We assessed oritavancin binding to serum from mouse, rat, dog, and human by a microbiological growth-based method under conditions that allow near-quantitative drug recovery. Protein binding was similar across species, ranging from 81.9% in human serum to 87.1% in dog serum. These estimates support the translation of oritavancin exposure from nonclinical studies to humans.
Generation IV SFR nuclear reactors: under-sodium repair for ASTRID (2013)

For non-removable components of the future ASTRID prototype, repair operations will be performed in a gas environment. If the faulty area is located under the sodium free level, the gas-tight system will have to contain the inspection and repair tools and to protect them from the surrounding liquid sodium. Concerning repair tools, the unique laser tool has been selected for future SFRs: the repair scenario for in-sodium structures will first involve removing the sodium (after bulk draining), then machining and finally welding. Concerning conventional tools (brush or gas blower for sodium removal, milling machine for machining and TIG for welding for which its feasibility was demonstrated in the 1990s) are still considered as a back-up solution. In-pile examination or repair requires robotic carriers. These carriers have to be compatible with the sodium environment: either in the cover-gas plenum or in gas after sodium draining, or even under liquid sodium. This R&D programme has been divided into nine parts in order to provide an overall design of the required robotic carriers and to develop technological solutions for their components: detailed definition for SFR carrier needs (access to internal structures, possible defects to be detected/repaired), definition and specifications of carrier architecture (depending on inspection and repair scenarios), in-sodium leaktightness of carrier components, carrier material compatibility with sodium, temperature resistance (200°C), irradiation resistance (depending on the location of the main vessel), gas-tight bell for operations under liquid sodium, carrier positioning control in liquid sodium, development, validation and qualification of technological solutions, for future SFRs, and worldwide benchmark regarding the previous areas of investigation.
Rac2 in murine pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) (2010)

Rac2 is a small GTPase in the Rho family. The lungs of uninjured Rac2−/− mice show enhanced plasma flux. This study determined if Rac2 is expressed and regulates phosphorylation of cytoskeletal proteins in ECs. Real time PCR showed that ECs isolated from murine lung digests by negative selection of CD45+ cells (leukocytes) and positive selection of CD105+ ECs express Rac2 mRNA. An 11 amino acid region in the C‐terminus of murine Rac2 was used to generate a rabbit polyclonal anti‐Rac2 antibody (Pacific Immunology). This antibody recognized Rac2 (21kDa) on immunoblots of murine Rac2+/+ but not −/− ECs and splenocytes, and not human Rac2 in HL60 cells. Protein arrays assessing 95 proteins associated with the cytoskeleton (cytoskeleton phospho antibody microarray, Full Moon Biosystems) showed that Rac2−/− ECs had increased expression of 2 proteins (caveolin‐1: 2.5 fold, LIMK1: 2.0 fold) and decreased expression or phosphorylation of 4 proteins (cortactin: 0.41, MEK1(Phospho‐Ser217): 0.06, MEK1(Phospho‐Thr291): 0.54, Src: 0.53, Vav(Phospho‐Tyr174): 0.54 fold). Thus, Rac2 mRNA and protein are expressed by ECs. Rac2 appears to regulate the cytoskeletal structure and function of ECs. Funded by HL 077370.
New Manufacturing Process of Nickel-Free Stainless Steel through Nitrogen Absorption Treatment (2006)

Ingots of ferritic stainless steels, Fe-24Cr-2Mo in mass%, were worked to various dimensions for test specimens. Nitrogen was absorbed by the specimens in a furnace filled with nitrogen gas with a pressure of 101.3 kPa at 1473 K to develop a simple and convenient manufacturing process of nickel-free austenitic stainless steels. Changes in the mechanical properties of the alloy with nitrogen absorption treatment are discussed on the basis of the resultant microstructure. Ferritic Fe-24Cr-2Mo was austenitized with 129.6-ks nitrogen absorption to a 2-mm depth from the surface. On the other hand, Fe-24Cr-2Mo was completely austenitized with 7.2-ks nitrogen absorption to a 0.5-mm depth from the surface. The hardness, tensile strength, 0.2% proof stress, and elongation to fracture increased, and the reduction of area decreased in Fe-24Cr-2Mo by austenitization due to nitrogen absorption. Tensile properties of the alloy after nitrogen absorption were improved by grain refinement process before nitrogen absorption. The tensile strength and 0.2% proof stress of the alloy with nitrogen absorption for 129.6 ks were much larger than those of 316L steel, while the elongation to fracture was much smaller than that of 316L steel. Therefore, small devices and parts with a maximum thickness or diameter of 4 mm were manufactured with this process in this study.
Is Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection the Option for Early Gastric Cancer Patients with Contraindication to Surgery (2010)

Surgical therapy is the traditional approach for early gastric cancer. Patients with comorbidities cannot benefit from this treatment because of high surgical morbidities and mortalities. Endoscopic submucosal dissection is a new technique for complete en bloc resection of early gastric cancer. We report the case of a patient with severe cardiomyopathy who developed early gastric cancer without metastases present on CT scan. The patient underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection because of the high risk associated to surgery due to severe comorbidity. The patient had complete submucosal dissection with complete en bloc resection. The lateral and deep margins were free of cancerous cells based on histopathology study. The patient was controlled every 6 months for 30 months by endoscopy. Systematic biopsies were done. No recurrences were diagnosed. This report supports the application of endoscopic treatment for patients with early gastric cancer and at high risk for surgery due to comorbidities.
Cellular Mechanisms of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling in Health and Disease. 3. Orchestrating the unfolded protein response in oncogenesis: an update (2014)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-induced unfolded protein response (UPR) is an adaptive mechanism that is activated upon accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER and aims at restoring ER homeostasis. In the past 10 years, the UPR has emerged as an important actor in the different phases of tumor growth. The UPR is transduced by three major ER resident stress sensors, which are protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), and inositol-requiring enzyme-1 (IRE1). The signaling pathways elicited by those stress sensors have connections with metabolic pathways and with other plasma membrane receptor signaling networks. As such, the ER has an essential position as a signal integrator in the cell and is instrumental in the different phases of tumor progression. Herein, we describe and discuss the characteristics of an integrated signaling network that might condition the UPR biological outputs in a tissue- or stress-dependent manner. We discuss these issues in the context of the pathophysiological roles of UPR signaling in cancers.
Distributed fair scheduling in a wireless LAN (2000)

Fairness is an important issue when accessing a shared wireless channel. With fair scheduling, it is possible to allocate bandwidth in proportion to weightsof the packet flows sharing the channel. This paper presents a fully distributed algorithm for fair scheduling in a wireless LAN. The algorithm can be implemented without using a centralized coordinator to arbitrate medium access. The proposed protocol is derived from the Distributed Coordination Function in the IEEE 802.11 standard. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is able to schedule transmission such that the bandwidth allocated to different flows is proportional to their weights. An attractive feature of the proposed approach is that it can be implemented with simple modifications to the IEEE 802.11 standard.
Fast Model-Based X-Ray CT Reconstruction Using Spatially Nonhomogeneous ICD Optimization (2010)

Recent applications of model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) algorithms to multislice helical CT reconstructions have shown that MBIR can greatly improve image quality by increasing resolution as well as reducing noise and some artifacts. However, high computational cost and long reconstruction times remain as a barrier to the use of MBIR in practical applications. Among the various iterative methods that have been studied for MBIR, iterative coordinate descent (ICD) has been found to have relatively low overall computational requirements due to its fast convergence. This paper presents a fast model-based iterative reconstruction algorithm using spatially nonhomogeneous ICD (NH-ICD) optimization. The NH-ICD algorithm speeds up convergence by focusing computation where it is most needed. The NH-ICD algorithm has a mechanism that adaptively selects voxels for update. First, a voxel selection criterion VSC determines the voxels in greatest need of update. Then a voxel selection algorithm VSA selects the order of successive voxel updates based upon the need for repeated updates of some locations, while retaining characteristics for global convergence. In order to speed up each voxel update, we also propose a fast 1-D optimization algorithm that uses a quadratic substitute function to upper bound the local 1-D objective function, so that a closed form solution can be obtained rather than using a computationally expensive line search algorithm. We examine the performance of the proposed algorithm using several clinical data sets of various anatomy. The experimental results show that the proposed method accelerates the reconstructions by roughly a factor of three on average for typical 3-D multislice geometries.
DNA Extraction Strategies for Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis (1994)

Abstract A polymerase chain reaction-based DNA typing method, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AMP-FLP) analysis, has shown promise as a means of analyzing forensic biological evidence. A variety of DNA extraction methods were evaluated for their suitability for AMP-FLP analysis. Factors that were considered in the evaluation included DNA yield, ability of DNA to be amplified, the presence of DNA fragments other than those expected for the alleles in the sample, and differential amplification of different sized alleles for a sample. An initial screen of eight extraction methods was conducted on bloodstains deposited on cotton sheeting. These methods included Chelex® 100, organic extraction followed by Centricon 100® (Amicon, Inc., Beverly, MA) dialysis and concentration, Geneclean™ (Bio 101, La Jolla, CA), GlassMax™ columns (Gibco BRL, Gaithersburg, MD); GlasPac™ (National Scientific Supply Co., Inc., San Rafael, CA), Qiaex (Qiagen Inc., Chatsworth, CA), Elu-Quik™ (Schleicher and Schuell, Keene, NH), and DNA Capture Reagent (Gibco BRL, Gaithersburg, MD). Then, four methods, Chelex® 100 extraction, organic extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, organic extraction followed by Centricon 100® (Amicon, Inc., Beverly, MA) dialysis and concentration, and Geneclean were evaluated on blood and semen stains. These stains were deposited on a variety of substrates, including cotton sheeting, denim, wallboard, nylon, wood, and carpet. The effect of addition of bovine serum albumin (BSA) to the amplification reaction was also examined. The method judged most suitable for AMP-FLP analysis was organic extraction followed by Centricon 100® dialysis and concentration, with BSA added to the amplification reaction. Additionally, a modification of an existing differential extraction procedure for separating non-sperm from sperm DNA was developed.