gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effect of hepatic artery ligation for irresectable cavernous hemangioma of the liver. (1988)

During the past 19 years, 52 cases of hepatic cavernous hemangioma have been treated at our institution. Thirty patients underwent hepatic resection. In six patients, the extensive tumor mass invaded multiple segments or both lobes of the liver and complete resection was deemed hazardous. Therefore, hepatic artery ligation was carried out. In all six cases the hemangioma occupied more than two segments. Right hepatic artery ligation was done in five patients and left hepatic artery ligation in one. All are doing well without complication. The longest follow-up is 19 years and the shortest 2 years and 2 months following operation. Four patients have been followed for more than 4 years and in all patients there are no residual complaints. Computerized tomography (CT) revealed the reduction of the tumor size after arterial ligation. One patient suffered from cholecystolithiasis 9 years after hepatic artery ligation, and at the time of cholecystectomy, a biopsy and microscopic examination of the lesion revealed evidence of fibrotic degeneration of the hemangioma. These findings indicate the effectiveness of hepatic artery ligation for treatment of hepatic cavernous hemangioma that are judged hazardous to resect.
Synthesis of zeanoside B, a metabolite of IAA in Zea mays L. (1989)

In the previous paper, wereported the isolation and characterization of zeanoside A, B and C from immature sweet corn kernels.1'2' Thestructures of zeanoside A and C were determined as a stereoisomer of the 1-O-p-Dglucopyranoside of 3,7-dihydroxy-2-indolinone-3-acetic
Renal Complications of High-Dose Chemotherapy and Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation (2000)

Following bone marrow transplantation, acute renal failure and proteinuria are common complications with a high mortality, particularly in patients requiring hemodialysis. Incidence, potential predisposing factors, and outcome of acute renal complications in patients with hematological malignancies receiving autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation were prospectively studied in 53 patients. Eight patients developed acute renal failure. Three of them required hemodialysis. Of all patients with acute renal failure, only those requiring hemodialysis died, due to nonrenal causes. Only 1 of the 45 patients without renal failure died. Mild proteinuria of predominantly tubular origin occurred in 16 patients, in 3 with and in 13 without acute renal failure. As predisposing factors for acute renal failure were identified: renal hypoperfusion due to systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis or septic shock, and combined administration of nephrotoxic drugs. Especially those patients receiving high numbers of nephrotoxic drugs in combination with renal hypoperfusion were likely to develop acute renal failure. These results suggest that patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation have a low risk of developing acute renal failure and proteinuria.
Novel Acoustic Modeling with Structured Hidden Dynamics for Speech Coarticulation and Reduction (2004)

We report in this paper our recent progress on the new devel-opment, implementation, and evaluation of the structured speech model with statistically characterized hidden trajectories. Uni-directionality in coarticulation modeling in such hidden trajectory models as presented in previous EARS workshops has been ex-tended to bi-directionality (forward as well as backward in the temporal dimension), offering significantly more power in parsi-monious modeling of long-span context dependency. This new type of model, when appropriately implemented, also simultane-ously exhibits the property of contextually assimilated phonetic reduction or phonetic target undershooting that is prevalent in ca-sual, fluent speech (e.g., conversational speech). Experiments on large-scale N-best rescoring (N=1000) have demonstrated substan-tially lower phone recognition errors achieved by the model com-pared with a context-dependent (triphone) HMM system built with HTK. When the “error propagation ” effect of the long-span acous-tic model is artificially removed in the N-best rescoring paradigm (via adding the reference hypotheses into the 1000-best list), the error rate is further cut down in a dramatic manner. 1.
Effects of post-annealing temperature on carbon incorporated amorphous indium–zinc-oxide thin-film transistors fabrication using sputtering at room temperature (2014)

Amorphous carbon-incorporated indium zinc oxide (a-CIZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) were fabricated at room temperature using radio frequency sputtering and post-annealing. The structural, surface, and optical properties were studied of the as-deposited and the post-annealed a-CIZO thin-films. X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis confirmed the amorphous nature of the as-deposited and post-annealed a-CIZO thin-films. The root mean square roughness was measured ranging between 0.5 to 0.8 nm for the as-deposited and post-annealed a-CIZO thin films. The average transmittance ranging between 400 and 800 nm was observed for over 85% of the as-deposited and post-annealed a-CIZO thin-films. The estimated band gap varied in the range between 3.88 and 3.99 eV after post-annealing. The a-CIZO TFT post-annealed at 150 °C exhibited a saturation field-effect-mobility of 16.6 cm2 V−1 s−1, on/off current ratio of 107, subthreshold swing of 0.68 V per decade, and negligible hysteresis (0.4 V). The effects of the post-annealing temperature improved the performance of the a-CIZO TFTs.
High speed optical coherence microscopy with autofocus adjustment and a miniaturized endoscopic imaging probe (2010)

Optical coherence microscopy (OCM) is a promising technique for high resolution cellular imaging in human tissues. An OCM system for high-speed en face cellular resolution imaging was developed at 1060 nm wavelength at frame rates up to 5 Hz with resolutions of < 4 microm axial and < 2 microm transverse. The system utilized a novel polarization compensation method to combat wavelength dependent source polarization and achieve broadband electro-optic phase modulation compatible with ultrahigh axial resolution. In addition, the system incorporated an auto-focusing feature that enables precise, near real-time alignment of the confocal and coherence gates in tissue, allowing user-friendly optimization of image quality during the imaging procedure. Ex vivo cellular images of human esophagus, colon, and cervix as well as in vivo results from human skin are presented. Finally, the system design is demonstrated with a miniaturized piezoelectric fiber-scanning probe which can be adapted for laparoscopic and endoscopic imaging applications.
PLC-γ and PI3K Link Cytokines to ERK Activation in Hematopoietic Cells with Normal and OncogenicKras (2013)

Oncogenic K-Ras proteins, such as K-Ras(G12D), accumulate in the active, guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound conformation and stimulate signaling through effector kinases. The presence of the K-Ras(G12D) oncoprotein at a similar abundance to that of endogenous wild-type K-Ras results in only minimal phosphorylation and activation of the canonical Raf-mitogen-activated or extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase kinase (MEK)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling cascades in primary hematopoietic cells, and these pathways remain dependent on growth factors for efficient activation. We showed that phospholipase C-γ (PLC-γ), PI3K, and their generated second messengers link activated cytokine receptors to Ras and ERK signaling in differentiated bone marrow cells and in a cell population enriched for leukemia stem cells. Cells expressing endogenous oncogenic K-Ras(G12D) remained dependent on the second messenger diacylglycerol for the efficient activation of Ras-ERK signaling. These data raise the unexpected possibility of therapeutically targeting proteins that function upstream of oncogenic Ras in cancer.
Creation of nanoporous tantalum (Ta)-incorporated titanium (Ti) surface onto Ti implants by sputtering of Ta in Ar under extremely high negative substrate biases (2012)

The development of new surface modification techniques for improving the biological performances (i.e., osseointegration) and long-term stability of Ti implants is one of the most active research areas in dental and orthopedic implant industries. We herein propose a novel, simple way of creating nanoporous tantalum (Ta)-incorporated titanium (Ti) surfaces onto Ti substrates by applying extremely high negative substrate biases during sputtering of Ta in Ar. In this method, high energetic ions (Ta+, Ta2+, Ar+) could intensely bombard the Ti substrates, which would cause considerable re-sputtering of the deposited films, creating the nanopores on the surface of the Ti substrates. The highly uniform nanoporous surface with a pore size of ∼40 to 50 nm and a thickness of ∼300 nm could be successfully achieved by applying a negative substrate bias voltage of 800 V, where the Ta was uniformly incorporated in the Ti walls. This nanoporous surface remarkably improved the hydrophilicity of the Ti owing to its highly nanoporous structure. In addition, the attachment, proliferation and differentiation of pre-osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) were significantly enhanced, which was attributed to the nano-topographic feature and large surface area of the nanoporous surface.
Algorithms for oil spill detection in radarsat and ENVISAT SAR images (2004)

We present algorithms for detection of oil spills in Radarsat and ENVISAT SAR images. The algorithms are trained on 60-100 images from each sensor from European water (mainly the North Sea and the Baltic Sea). Results show that they perform very well when applied to benchmark data sets, but in some cases additional information is needed to discriminate between oil slicks and algae, particularly in the Baltic Sea
Convulsive liability of bupropion hydrochloride metabolites in Swiss albino mice (2008)

The demonstration of the dose-dependent and metabolite-dependent convulsive effects of bupropion metabolites is a novelty.
Design and tuning of a helicopter fuzzy controller (2002)

This paper presents a fuzzy controller applied at the control level of a helicopter navigation system. The helicopter concepts are introduced, and the fuzzy controller design and tuning phase are described. In particular, a method to help the tuning phase based on the rules evolution is presented and illustrated. The results obtained through simulation are described and commented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The effect of ethanol on the metabolism of amphetamine by the rat (1969)

Journal Article The effect of ethanol on the metabolism of amphetamine by the rat Get access P J Creaven, P J Creaven Section of Biochemistry, Texas Research Institute of Mental Sciences, Houston, Texas 77025, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T Barbee T Barbee Section of Biochemistry, Texas Research Institute of Mental Sciences, Houston, Texas 77025, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 21, Issue 12, December 1969, Pages 859–860, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1969.tb08188.x Published: 12 April 2011 Article history Received: 29 August 1969 Published: 12 April 2011
Stool pattern is associated with prevalence of tumorigenic bacteria of the microbiota and plasma and fecal fatty acids in healthy Japanese adults (2020)

Abstract Background: Colibactin-producing Escherichia coli containing polyketide synthase ( pks + E. coli ) has been shown involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) development through gut microbiota analysis in animal models. Stool status has been associated with potentially adverse gut microbiome profiles from fecal analysis in adults. We examined the association between stool patterns and the prevalence of pks + E. coli isolated from microbiota in fecal samples of 224 healthy Japanese individuals. Results: Stool patterns were determined by factorial analysis using a previously validated questionnaire including stool frequency, volume, color, shape, and odor. Factor scores were classified by tertile. The prevalence of pks + E. coli was determined using specific primers for pks + E. coli in fecal samples. Plasma and fecal fatty acids were measured via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The prevalence of pks + E. coli was 26.8%. Three stool patterns contributed 70.1 % of all patterns seen (factor 1: lower frequency, darker color, and softer shape, factor 2: higher volume and harder shape, and factor 3: darker color and stronger odor). Multivariable adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of the prevalence of pks + E. coli for the highest versus the lowest third of the factor 1 score was 3.16 (1.38 to 7.24; P for trend = 0.006). This stool pattern correlated with some plasma and fecal fatty acids. No other stool patterns were significant. Conclusions: These results suggest that stool pattern may be useful for evaluating gut microbiota, including the presence of tumorigenic bacteria and fecal fatty acids. It may provide useful insight for effective early discovery strategies for CRC.
Effect of hemorrhage on blood flow to marrow and osseous tissue in conscious rabbits (1980)

The effect of hemorrhage on blood flow to marrow and osseous tissue was determined in conscious rabbits by injecting radioactive microspheres (15 micron diam) at three time intervals: pretreatment control; 15 min after nonfatal hemorrhage (20 ml/kg body wt), and 16 h posthemorrhage. Cardiac output (CO), blood pressure, heart rate, resistance, arterial PCO2, PO2, and pH, and hematocrit were measured at each time interval. Tissues analyzed included heart, spleen, kidney, and femur with marrow and osseous tissue separated. At 15 min posthemorrhage, CO decreased to all tissues measured except the heart, where it increased. Sixteen hours later, CO returned to normal, and blood flow increased significantly to heart and marrow, while osseous tissue flow returned to control levels. The results show no immediate shunting of blood from bone to marrow; however, after 16 h there is a selective increase in marrow blood flow. This response is only detected by separating marrow and osseous tissue and it may reflect a preparatory mechanism for increased erythropoietic activity.
Effects of controlled three-dimensional perturbations on boundary layer transition (1989)

The laminar-turbulent transition in a flat plate boundary layer was studied experimentally using a spanwise array of computer-controlled surface heating elements. The elements were used to introduce disturbances at a point just downstream of the critical Reynolds number. When sinusoidal heating at an unstable frequency is carried out, instability waves develop and grow as they travel downstream. Measurements were made using flush-mounted hot-film wall shear sensors, and the later stages of transition were visualized using dye injection. Oblique Tollmien-Schlichting waves were successfully introduced, and their downstream development into the turbulent regime was studied. Exploratory studies of other types of 3D forcing are also reported.

Measurements of oblique waves in the linear region yielded phase speeds and wave angles that were consistent with the linear theory. Subharmonics of the oblique-wave wall shear were seen downstream, in the nonlinear region. Surprisingly, the amplitude of these subharmonic waves decreased abruptly with increasing oblique-wave angle, so that an oblique wave of about 10 degrees had a subharmonic amplitude which was an order of magnitude below that for a 2D wave. Waves of larger oblique angles did not produce detectable subharmonics. A simple explanation of this behavior is given, in terms of the wave-interaction theory.

The intermittency, defined as the fraction of time in which the wall shear is turbulent, was measured to determine the relative location of transition. These measurements, carried out further downstream, show that the introduction of a 2D wave is most effective in moving the transition point upstream, for a given power input. This upstream movement of transition slowly decreases as the oblique wave angle is increased. The fact that there is no abrupt movement of transition corresponding to the abrupt disappearance of the subharmonic nonlinear breakdown mechanism suggests there should be a simpler explanation for the nonlinear breakdown.
The Genomic Landscape of the Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumors Reveals Recurrent STAG2 Mutation (2014)

The Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (EFT) is a group of highly malignant small round blue cell tumors occurring in children and young adults. We report here the largest genomic survey to date of 101 EFT (65 tumors and 36 cell lines). Using a combination of whole genome sequencing and targeted sequencing approaches, we discover that EFT has a very low mutational burden (0.15 mutations/Mb) but frequent deleterious mutations in the cohesin complex subunit STAG2 (21.5% tumors, 44.4% cell lines), homozygous deletion of CDKN2A (13.8% and 50%) and mutations of TP53 (6.2% and 71.9%). We additionally note an increased prevalence of the BRCA2 K3326X polymorphism in EFT patient samples (7.3%) compared to population data (OR 7.1, p = 0.006). Using whole transcriptome sequencing, we find that 11% of tumors pathologically diagnosed as EFT lack a typical EWSR1 fusion oncogene and that these tumors do not have a characteristic Ewing sarcoma gene expression signature. We identify samples harboring novel fusion genes including FUS-NCATc2 and CIC-FOXO4 that may represent distinct small round blue cell tumor variants. In an independent EFT tissue microarray cohort, we show that STAG2 loss as detected by immunohistochemistry may be associated with more advanced disease (p = 0.15) and a modest decrease in overall survival (p = 0.10). These results significantly advance our understanding of the genomic and molecular underpinnings of Ewing sarcoma and provide a foundation towards further efforts to improve diagnosis, prognosis, and precision therapeutics testing.
Detecting bad smells in source code using change history information (2013)

Code smells represent symptoms of poor implementation choices. Previous studies found that these smells make source code more difficult to maintain, possibly also increasing its fault-proneness. There are several approaches that identify smells based on code analysis techniques. However, we observe that many code smells are intrinsically characterized by how code elements change over time. Thus, relying solely on structural information may not be sufficient to detect all the smells accurately. We propose an approach to detect five different code smells, namely Divergent Change, Shotgun Surgery, Parallel Inheritance, Blob, and Feature Envy, by exploiting change history information mined from versioning systems. We applied approach, coined as HIST (Historical Information for Smell deTection), to eight software projects written in Java, and wherever possible compared with existing state-of-the-art smell detectors based on source code analysis. The results indicate that HIST's precision ranges between 61% and 80%, and its recall ranges between 61% and 100%. More importantly, the results confirm that HIST is able to identify code smells that cannot be identified through approaches solely based on code analysis.
Thermodynamic properties of liquid Li-Pb, Na-Pb, and K-Pb alloys: similarities and differences (1985)

The thermodynamic properties (e.g., activities, activity coefficients, entropies, free energies of mixing) have been determined for liquid Li-Pb, Na-Pb, and K-Pb alloys over the entire composition range. For the two latter systems, a solid electrolyte consisting of either Na-..beta..Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ or K-..beta..Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ was used in the electrochemical cell which was operated by a standard coulometric titration technique. The results show an unusual composition dependence of the excess chemical potential of the alkali metal. For Li-Pb and K-Pb, a single inflection point is obtained at compositions around 20 at. % and 50 at. % Pb, respectively, while three inflection points are present in the Na-Pb system at about 20, 33, and 50 at. % Pb.
The cAMP-specific Phosphodiesterase PDE4D3 Is Regulated by Phosphatidic Acid Binding (2000)

Hormones and growth factors induce in many cell types the production of phosphatidic acid (PA), which has been proposed to play a role as a second messenger. We have previously shown in an acellular system that PA selectively stimulates certain isoforms of type 4 cAMP-phosphodiesterases (PDE4). Here we studied the effect of endogenous PA on PDE activity of transiently transfected MA10 cells overexpressing the PA-sensitive isoform PDE4D3. Cell treatment with inhibitors of PA degradation, including propranolol, induced an accumulation of endogenous PA accompanied by a stimulation of PDE activity and a significant decrease in both cAMP levels and protein kinase A activity. Furthermore, in FRTL5 cells, which natively express PDE4D3, pretreatment with compounds inducing PA accumulation prevented both cAMP increase and cAMP-responsive element-binding protein phosphorylation triggered by thyroid-stimulating hormone. To determine the mechanism of PDE stimulation by PA, endogenous phospholipids were labeled by preincubating MA10 cells overexpressing PDE4D3 with [(32)P]orthophosphate. Immuno- precipitation experiments showed that PA was specifically bound to PDE4D3, supporting the hypothesis that PDE4D3 activation occurs through direct binding of PA to the protein. PA binding site on PDE4D3 was characterized by engineering deletions of selected regions in the N-terminal regulatory domain of the enzyme. Deletion of amino acid residues 31-59 suppressed both PA-activating effect and PA binding, suggesting that this region rich in basic and hydrophobic residues contains the PA binding site. These observations strongly suggest that endogenous PA can modulate cAMP levels in intact cells, through a direct activation of PDE4D3.
Activation of the canonical ER stress IRE1–XBP1 pathway by insulin regulates glucose and lipid metabolism (2022)

Knockout of the transcription factor X-box binding protein (XBP1) is known to decrease liver glucose production and lipogenesis. However, whether insulin can regulate gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis through XBP1 and how insulin activates the inositol-requiring enzyme-XBP1 ER stress pathway remains unexplored. Here, we report that in the fed state, insulin-activated kinase AKT directly phosphorylates inositol-requiring enzyme 1 at S724, which in turn mediates the splicing of XBP1u mRNA, thus favoring the generation of the spliced form, XBP1s, in the liver of mice. Subsequently, XBP1s stimulate the expression of lipogenic genes and upregulates liver lipogenesis as previously reported. Intriguingly, we find that fasting leads to an increase in XBP1u along with a drastic decrease in XBP1s in the liver of mice, and XBP1u, not XBP1s, significantly increases PKA-stimulated CRE reporter activity in cultured hepatocytes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that overexpression of XBP1u significantly increases cAMP-stimulated expression of rate-limiting gluconeogenic genes, G6pc and Pck1, and glucose production in primary hepatocytes. Reexpression of XBP1u in the liver of mice with XBP1 depletion significantly increases fasting blood glucose levels and gluconeogenic gene expression. These data support an important role of XBP1u in upregulating gluconeogenesis in the fasted state. Taken together, we reveal that insulin signaling via AKT controls the expression of XBP1 isoforms and that XBP1u and XBP1s function in different nutritional states to regulate liver gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis, respectively.