gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Poly(styrene‐graft‐ethylene oxide) as a compatibilizer in polystyrene/polyamide blends (1995)

Abstract Polystyrene (PS) blends containing a dispersed phase of either polyamide‐6 (PA‐6) or polyamide‐12 (PA‐12) were compatibilized by additions of 1, 3, or 5 wt % poly(styrene‐ graft ‐ethylene oxide). The graft copolymers were found to have a stabilizing effect on the domain sizes. Weight average radii of PA‐6 domains in compression molded samples were reduced by a factor of 5 with 3 wt % graft copolymer added. The corresponding size reduction for PA‐12 domains was by a factor of 3. Also, the domain sizes were more uniformly distributed in blends containing the graft copolymers. Thermal analysis of the blends revealed that compatibilization retarded the PA crystallization, with some PA crystallizing at the PS glass transition. This retarded crystallization is explained as a result of the domain size reduction and by the presence of graft copolymer at the interface. The graft copolymers had a toughening effect on the blends and the impact strength of a PS/PA‐12 blend was improved by 65% by adding 3 wt % of graft copolymer. Binary blends of the PA and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) were investigated in a separate study to verify miscibility of the graft copolymer side chains and the PA. Hydrogen bonding between PA‐6 and PEO was confirmed by IR spectroscopy and partial miscibility was indicated by melting point depressions. © 1995 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Dissimilar Metal Welding of Steel to Al-Mg Alloy by Spot Resistance Welding (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Sugar-Installed Polymer Micelles:  Synthesis and Micellization of Poly(ethylene glycol)−Poly(d,l-lactide) Block Copolymers Having Sugar Groups at the PEG Chain End (1999)

A poly(ethylene glycol)−poly(d,l-lactide) block copolymer (PEG−PLA) having a site specifically protected-sugar group at the PEG chain end was synthesized through a successive ring-opening polymerization of ethylene oxide and d,l-lactide using a metalated protected sugar as an initiator. Removal of protective groups from the sugar residue in the block copolymer was quantitatively carried out using 80% trifluoroacetic acid at room temperature, yielding a block copolymer having a glucose or galactose residue at the chain end in a regioselective manner. Polymer micelles having sugar residues on the surface were then prepared by dialyzing an N,N-dimethylacetamide solution of the sugar-bearing PEG−PLA block copolymer against water. Dynamic light-scattering measurement of the polymer micelle solution revealed that the scaled characteristics line width had essentially no angular dependence, consistent with the spherical geometry of the polymer micelle. The diameter and polydispersity index of the polymer micelle, determined by a cumulant method, were approximately 40 nm and less than 0.1, respectively. Further, a galactose-bearing PEG−PLA micelle was confirmed to selectively attach to RCA-1 lectin, which is known to recognize β-d-galactose residues. These polymer micelles having sugar groups regioselectively on their exterior are expected to have wide utility in the field of drug delivery as glyco-receptor-directed carrier systems.
S‐Parameter broadband measurements of microstrip lines and extraction of the substrate intrinsic properties (2001)

Abstract A measurement technique for the broadband determination of the complex permittivity and permeability of isotropic film‐shaped materials is presented. ε r and μ r are computed from S ‐parameter measurements of microstrip lines propagating in the dominant mode and used as cells. The material under test is the microstrip‐line substrate, which is the original feature of this method in comparison with existing techniques. This leads to a simple and reproducible measurement process. Measurements for several materials in the 0.05–40 GHz frequency range show good agreement between measured and predicted data. © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 30: 65–69, 2001.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Caffeic Acid 3,4-Dihydroxyphenethyl Ester (2010)

A high-yield synthesis of caffeic acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester (1) has been achieved through Knoevenagel condensation of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl monomalonate as the key step. Compound 1 was tested against a 56-cell-line cytotoxicity panel and for its free-radical-scavenging activity in the DPPH test.
Practical Papers, Articles and Application Notes (2021)

Due to the increasing number of applications that are bandwidth hungry, the evaluation of high-speed data connectors is vital to ensure that they have met the necessary bitrate performance. Mohamed Kheir will share a practical approach to estimate the bandwidth-dependent channel capacity for multi-channel high-speed data connectors in the first paper, “Relative Bitrate Estimation of Multi-Channel Connectors Based on RF and EMC Parameters”. The well-known Shannon-Hartley theorem is adopted in this paper where a detailed signal-to-noise-and-interference analysis is performed in terms of scattering and EMC parameters.
Towards Improved Saccade Landing Position Estimation Using Velocity Profile Methods (2018)

The following topics are dealt with: mobile robots; security of data; learning (artificial intelligence); Internet; data analysis; pattern classification; distributed power generation; mobile computing; control engineering computing; diseases.
Partitioned logistic regression for spam filtering (2008)

Naive Bayes and logistic regression perform well in different regimes. While the former is a very simple generative model which is efficient to train and performs well empirically in many applications,the latter is a discriminative model which often achieves better accuracy and can be shown to outperform naive Bayes asymptotically. In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid model, partitioned logistic regression, which has several advantages over both naive Bayes and logistic regression. This model separates the original feature space into several disjoint feature groups. Individual models on these groups of features are learned using logistic regression and their predictions are combined using the naive Bayes principle to produce a robust final estimation. We show that our model is better both theoretically and empirically. In addition, when applying it in a practical application, email spam filtering, it improves the normalized AUC score at 10% false-positive rate by 28.8% and 23.6% compared to naive Bayes and logistic regression, when using the exact same training examples.
Improving COO on KLA-Tencor wafer fab reticle inspections by implementing pixel migration as new STARlight2+ capability (2008)

KLA-Tencor has introduced the new TeraFab reticle inspection systems for wafer fabs to address market demand for systems with high productivity and high sensitivity. The core inspection technology of the TeraFab systems is STARlight2+ (SL2+). STARlight is the industry accepted method for mask inspection in wafer fabs for reticle requalification. STARlight uses transmitted and reflected light images of a reticle to generate reference images of the reticle that are used to detect defects that have been added to the reticle while the reticle has was exposed or in storage. The improvements in reference generation in SL2+ relative to previous generations of STARlight is made possible, in part, by increases in computation resources for TeraFab systems. Improved modeling capability of SL2+ leads to increased usable sensitivity in dense geometries. Improved modeling capability also allows the user to optimize inspection cost of ownership (COO) if the maximum sensitivity of the TeraFab system is not required for a specific application. This paper describes an investigation of sensitivity versus throughput using SL2+ on multi-die production reticles with haze at the 65nm technology node. SL2+ data is also provided showing the feasibility of using larger inspection pixels (pixel migration) while retaining good sensitivity at the 45nm technology node.
Carriers Selective Methanation of CO in CO2–rich feed Gases on Supported Ru Catalysts (2010)

ObjectiveEconomically and ecologically efficient techniques for the production of sufficiently pure H 2 are a prerequisite for the introduction of H 2 based energy technologies [1].Today, H 2 is mainly produced by steam reforming / partial oxidation of fossil fuels [2][3], which, among other components, leaves CO (1-8 %) and substantial amounts of CO 2 (up to 20 %) in the resulting H 2 -rich gas mixture ('reformate').For the operation of low-temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells (PEFCs), the resulting H 2 -rich gas should be free of (anode) catalyst poisons, in particular the CO content has to be reduced to 10 ppm [4], which is most commonly achieved catalytically, by a combination of the Water Gas Shift (WGS) reaction and the Preferential Oxidation of CO (PROX) [5].In cost sensitive, small scale applications, however, methanation of the CO may be a more attractive alternative for CO removal compared to the PROX reaction, since it uses the H 2 present in the feed gas and avoids the need for an additional dosing unit for O 2 dosing [6].The losses of H 2 are tolerable, as long as the initial CO contents, after the WGS reaction, are low (0.5 %).Precondition for this concept, however, is that the reaction is highly selective for the oxidation of CO and that CO 2 methanation is essentially inhibited, otherwise the losses of hydrogen would become intolerable [6].The selectivity for CO methanation in the selective methanation in CO 2 -rich gas mixtures is generally attributed to a surface blocking by adsorbed CO, which is driven by the much higher adsorption energy of CO compared to CO 2 .In this model CO ad blocks the surface for (dissociative) adsorption of CO 2 and subsequent methanation reaction [7][8].In that case, CO 2 methanation will be inhibited, as long as the CO partial pressure and hence the CO ad coverage on the catalyst are sufficiently high [9][10][11].However, most of the previous studies were conducted under conditions, where only little mechanistic insight on the reaction could be gained.Increasing the selectivity of Ru supported catalysts was also already tried in many different ways, including the use of different support materials such as TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 [12] or of dopants [13], or varying the Ru particle size [14].Also the use of zeolite supports was proposed as a promising alternative to standard supports such as TiO 2 or Al 2 O 3 , and the catalysts showed indeed a higher selectivity for the selective methanation of CO compared to Ru/Al 2 O 3 or Ru/SiO 2 catalysts [15].However, the physical origin, for improvement of the selectivity remained still unclear.
Harmonic distortion reduction technique of the power amplifier for very high frequency ultrasonic transducer applications (2013)

Power amplifiers are used to trigger the transducers in order to generate the acoustic waves into the desired target. The resolution of the ultrasound imaging systems is related with the sensitivity of the transducers so the high voltage output signals of the power amplifiers are required to be used to drive the transducers. Therefore, a linear power amplifier is more attractive choice because of its higher dynamic range of the output signals. The novel pre-distortion circuit using the passive resistor, capacitor and inductor components with a power MOSFET device was designed to enhance the dynamic range of the power amplifiers. The dynamic range of the power amplifiers is defined as the characteristic to amplify an input signal with less distortion. This characteristic can be improved by reducing the harmonic distortion components of the high voltage signals produced by the power amplifiers.
Treatment of gastrointestinal cytomegalovirus infection with twice-daily foscarnet: a pilot study of safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics in patients with AIDS (1997)

Ten patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus (CMV) gastrointestinal infection were included in an open-label study to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of 90 mg of intravenous foscarnet/kg of body weight twice daily accompanied by (pre)hydration of 500 to 750 ml. Efficacy was documented endoscopically, while safety was evaluated clinically by patient reports and physical and laboratory observation. The pharmacokinetics of foscarnet was evaluated after the first dose and following approximately 20 days of therapy. Nine patients (90%) responded histopathologically, nine (90%) responded endoscopically, and nine (90%) responded symptomatically to foscarnet therapy. Adverse events resulted in discontinuance of medication in the case of one patient. The mean maximal concentration was 621 microM following the first dose and 687 microM at steady state (P = 0.11). The apparent elimination rate constant and elimination half-life were not different between dose 1 and steady state. There were no significant changes in foscarnet excretion or renal clearance between dose 1 and steady state. The steady-state volume of distribution was 23.4 liters following the first dose and 19.0 liters at steady state (P < 0.002). Twice-daily foscarnet appeared to be safe and efficacious in the treatment of CMV gastrointestinal disease in this study, resulting in endoscopic or histologic improvement in 9 of the 10 (90%) patients. Minor changes in clearance and volume of distribution noted at steady state compared to single-dose administration are readily explained by study design, known information about foscarnet pharmacokinetics, and changes in body weight and creatinine clearance in the patients.
Alkylcobalt carbonyls. 10. Carbon monoxide activation and phase-transfer-active coordination sites in organocobalt carbonyls. Mechanism of the reaction of benzyl halides and tetracarbonylcobaltate(I) (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkylcobalt carbonyls. 10. Carbon monoxide activation and phase-transfer-active coordination sites in organocobalt carbonyls. Mechanism of the reaction of benzyl halides and tetracarbonylcobaltate(I)Ferenc Haasz, Tamas Bartik, Vilmos Galamb, and Gyula PalyiCite this: Organometallics 1990, 9, 10, 2773–2779Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00160a026https://doi.org/10.1021/om00160a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views93Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Complication From Neurocranial Restructuring (2003)

We report a case of nasal septum fracture after a complementary and alternative medicine procedure called neurocranial restructuring (NCR) that was used to treat a patient with chronic sinusitis. We initially evaluated this patient, obtained a computed tomographic scan, and recommended frontal sinus obliteration. The patient opted to see an alternative medicine practitioner, who performed NCR. This treatment involves the expansion of endonasal balloons in the nasopharynx that are used to “alter the skeletal structure.” During the NCR procedure, the patient experienced severe midface pain and a crunching sound. Because of persisting pain, she presented to the emergency department, at which time another computed tomographic scan showed new septal fractures. The patient ultimately received a frontal sinus obliteration, bilateral revision antrostomies, and repositioning of her nasal septum. To our knowledge, this is the first published case report of a complication from NCR.
Trained immunity: adaptation within innate immune mechanisms (2022)

The mechanisms underlying innate immune memory have been extensively explored in the last decades but are in fact largely unknown. Although the specificity of adaptive immune memory in vertebrates is ensured through the recombination of immunoglobulin family genes and clonal expansion, the basic mechanisms of innate immune cells' nonspecific increased responsiveness rely on epigenetic, transcriptional, and metabolic programs after transient stimulation. Changes in these programs result in enhanced responsiveness to secondary challenges with a wide variety of stimuli. This phenomenon is termed "trained immunity" or "innate immune memory." On one hand, trained immunity improves the response to infections and vaccination, facilitating stronger innate immune responses and enhanced protection against a variety of microbial stimuli. Conversely, trained immunity may contribute to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular, autoinflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we gather the current body of knowledge in this field and summarize the foundations and mechanisms of trained immunity, the different cell types involved, its consequences for health and disease, and the potential of its modulation as a therapeutic tool.
Network-Guided Discovery of Influenza Virus Replication Host Factors (2018)

ABSTRACT The position of host factors required for viral replication within a human protein-protein interaction (PPI) network can be exploited to identify drug targets that are robust to drug-mediated selective pressure. Host factors can physically interact with viral proteins, be a component of pathways regulated by viruses (where proteins themselves do not interact with viral proteins) or be required for viral replication but unregulated by viruses. Here, we demonstrate a method of combining a human PPI network with virus-host protein interaction data to improve antiviral drug discovery for influenza viruses by identifying target host proteins. Network analysis shows that influenza virus proteins physically interact with host proteins in network positions significant for information flow. We have isolated a subnetwork of the human PPI network which connects virus-interacting host proteins to host factors that are important for influenza virus replication without physically interacting with viral proteins. The subnetwork is enriched for signaling and immune processes. Selecting proteins based on network topology within the subnetwork, we performed an siRNA screen to determine if the subnetwork was enriched for virus replication host factors and if network position within the subnetwork offers an advantage in prioritization of drug targets to control influenza virus replication. We found that the subnetwork is highly enriched for target host proteins – more so than the set of host factors that physically interact with viral proteins. Our findings demonstrate that network positions are a powerful predictor to guide antiviral drug candidate prioritization. IMPORTANCE Integrating virus-host interactions with host protein-protein interactions, we have created a method using these established network practices to identify host factors (i.e. proteins) that are likely candidates for antiviral drug targeting. We demonstrate that interaction cascades between host proteins that directly interact with viral proteins and host factors that are important to influenza replication are enriched for signaling and immune processes. Additionally, we show that host proteins that interact with viral proteins are in network locations of power. Finally, we demonstrate a new network methodology to predict novel host factors and validate predictions with an siRNA screen. Our results show that integrating virus-host proteins interactions is useful in the identification of antiviral drug target candidates.
FastReID: A Pytorch Toolbox for General Instance Re-identification (2020)

General Instance Re-identification is a very important task in the computer vision, which can be widely used in many practical applications, such as person/vehicle re-identification, face recognition, wildlife protection, commodity tracing, and snapshop, etc.. To meet the increasing application demand for general instance re-identification, we present FastReID as a widely used software system in JD AI Research. In FastReID, highly modular and extensible design makes it easy for the researcher to achieve new research ideas. Friendly manageable system configuration and engineering deployment functions allow practitioners to quickly deploy models into productions. We have implemented some state-of-the-art projects, including person re-id, partial re-id, cross-domain re-id and vehicle re-id, and plan to release these pre-trained models on multiple benchmark datasets. FastReID is by far the most general and high-performance toolbox that supports single and multiple GPU servers, you can reproduce our project results very easily and are very welcome to use it, the code and models are available at https://github.com/JDAI-CV/fast-reid.