gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Voice search of structured media data (2009)

This paper addresses the problem of using unstructured queries to search a structured database in voice search applications. By incorporating structural information in music metadata, the end-to-end search error has been reduced by 15% on text queries and up to 11% on spoken queries. Based on that, an HMM sequential rescoring model has reduced the error rate by 28% on text queries and up to 23% on spoken queries compared to the baseline system. Furthermore, a phonetic similarity model has been introduced to compensate speech recognition errors, which has improved the end-to-end search accuracy consistently across different levels of speech recognition accuracy.
Analysis of a pharmaceutical batch freeze dryer: resource consumption, hotspots, and factors for potential improvement (2019)

Whilst freeze drying is known for its high energy requirements, few studies have been conducted assessing the efficiency of freeze dryers, especially related to pharmaceuticals. A quantitative analysis is conducted on a batch freeze dryer used for biopharmaceuticals, aiming to calculate the process efficiency and to identify the components causing the highest resource consumption as well as factors for potential improvement. Exergy and energy analysis were performed combining experimental and modeled data. The process showed a task efficiency (exergy efficiency) lower than 1%. This value is influenced by the low Coefficient of Performance of the refrigeration cycle as well as the large mass of steel in the device which is heated up and cooled down throughout the process.
CloudML: An Integrated Language for Resource, Service and Request Description for D-Clouds (2011)

Distributed Clouds, or just D-Clouds, can be seen as a paradigm that is able to exploit the potential of sharing resources across geographic boundaries and provide latency-bound allocation of resources to third-party developers. The representation of D-Cloud resources is a challenge that involves the careful choice of characteristics that drive the mapping of requests on the substrate resources. Regarding these problems, this paper introduces the Cloud Modeling Language (CloudML), a vendor-neutral XML-based language intended to integrate the description of different cloud related aspects such as computational and network resources, services profiles, and developers' requests in an integrated way. Furthermore, the CloudML provides a way to describe geographical location aware services, seen particularly indispensable in D-Cloud scenarios.
An interspecies hybrid RNA virus is significantly more virulent than either parental virus. (1996)

Cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV) infects a very wide range of plant species (>1000 species). We recently demonstrated that a previously undescribed gene (2b) encoded by RNA 2 of the tripartite RNA genome of CMV is required for systemic virus spread and disease induction in its hosts. Herein we report that when this CMV gene is replaced by its homologue from tomato aspermy cucumovirus (TAV), the resultant hybrid virus is significantly more virulent, induces earlier onset of systemic symptoms, and accumulates to a higher level in seven host species from three families than either of the parents. Our results indicate that CMV and the TAV 2b protein interact synergistically despite the fact that no synergism occurs in double infections with the two parental viruses. To our knowledge, this is the first example of an interspecific hybrid made from plant or animal RNA viruses that is more efficient in systemic infection of a number of hosts than the naturally occurring parents. As CMV and the hybrid virus accumulated to a similar level in the infected tobacco protoplasts, the observed synergistic responses most likely resulted from an increased efficacy of the hybrid virus in systemic spread in host plants provided by the TAV 2b protein. The relevance of our finding to the application of pathogen-derived resistance is discussed.
Utility of Glucose Testing and Treatment of Hypoglycemia in Patients with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (2021)

<b>Objective:</b> Many emergency medical services (EMS) protocols for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) include point-of-care (POC) glucose measurement and administration of dextrose, despite limited knowledge of benefit. The objective of this study was to describe the incidence of hypoglycemia and dextrose administration by EMS in OHCA and subsequent patient outcomes.<b>Methods:</b> This was a retrospective analysis of OHCA in a large, regional EMS system from 2011 to 2017. Patients ≥18 years old with non-traumatic OHCA and attempted field resuscitation by paramedics were included. The primary outcomes were frequency of POC glucose measurement, hypoglycemia (glucose <60 mg/dl), and dextrose/glucagon administration (treatment group). The secondary outcomes included field return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), survival to hospital discharge (SHD), and survival with good neurologic outcome.<b>Results:</b> There were 46,211 OHCAs during the study period of which 33,851 (73%) had a POC glucose test performed. Glucose levels were documented in 32,780 (97%), of whom 2,335 (7%) were hypoglycemic. Among hypoglycemic patients, 41% (959) received dextrose and/or glucagon. Field ROSC was achieved in 30% (286) of hypoglycemic patients who received treatment. Final outcome was determined for 1,714 (73%) of the hypoglycemic cases, of whom 120 (7%) had SHD and 66 (55%) had a good neurologic outcome. Of the 32,780 patients with a documented POC glucose result who were identified as hypoglycemic, only 27 (0.08%) received field treatment, and survived to discharge with good neurologic outcome. 48 (6%) of patients in the treatment group had SHD vs. 72 (8%) without treatment, risk difference -2.0% (95%CI -4.4%, 0.4%), <i>p</i> = 0.1.<b>Conclusion:</b> In this EMS system, POC glucose testing was common in adult OHCA, yet survival to hospital discharge with good neurologic outcome did not differ between patients treated and untreated for hypoglycemia. These results question the common practice of measuring and treating hypoglycemia in OHCA patients.
Alternatives and Attitudes (1973)

(1973). Alternatives and Attitudes. Journal of Health, Physical Education, Recreation: Vol. 44, Including Leisure Today, pp. 49-50.
Patterning and switching of nanosize ferroelectric memory cells (1999)

A fundamental limitation on the recent development of nonvolatile ferroelectric memories in 64 Mbit–4 Gbit densities has been the ability to scale ferroelectric capacitor cell sizes below 1 μm2. In the present work, ferroelectric memory cells with lateral sizes down to 100 nm were fabricated by electron-beam direct writing. Switching of single 100 nm cells was achieved and piezoelectric hysteresis loops were recorded using a scanning probe microscope working in piezoresponse mode.
Histochemical staining and quantification of plant mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes using blue‐native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2005)

Our knowledge of the respiratory chain and associated defects depends on the study of the multisubunit protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Functional analysis of the plant mitochondrial respiratory chain has been successfully achieved by a combination of blue-native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) for separation of the protein complexes, and in-gel histochemical staining of the enzyme activities. We have optimized this powerful technique by determining linear ranges of amount of protein and enzyme activity for each respiratory complex. Time courses of the in-gel enzyme activities were also performed to determine optimal reaction times. Using the in-gel activity staining method we have previously shown decreased activity of complex V (F(1)F(0)-ATPase) in male-sterile sunflowers (Sabar et al., 2003). Here we have identified unique supercomplexes comprising complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase) in sunflower mitochondria. This method therefore represents a reliable tool for the diagnosis of respiratory dysfunction. In addition, the wider application of BN-PAGE in combination with enzyme activity staining is discussed.
Intracellular Localization of UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Expressed from the Transfected cDNA in Cultured Cells. (1993)

Liver UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT) is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), with its catalytic domain exposed to the lumenal side of the membrane structure. The proteins expressed from the transfected UDPGT cDNA in cultured cells were found to be localized in the ER membrane. Its enzyme activity was in a latent state and was fully expressed in an in vitro assay system when the membrane integrity was disrupted by a detergent, Triton X-100, suggesting that the orientation of the expressed enzyme in the membrane was the same as that of the liver enzyme. To investigate how the expressed UDPGT was retained in the ER, we constructed chimeric plasmids of cDNAs of UDPGT and ErbB2 which is a receptor protein localized in the cell membranes. Analysis of chimeric proteins expressed in the stable transformants of the cultured cells transfected with these plasmids to reveal that the cytoplasmic tail of UDPGT is responsible for the ER retention of the expressed proteins. Deletion and mutation analysis in the cytoplasmic tail of the enzyme demonstrated that the two lysine residues positioned at 3 and 5 from the C-terminus of the molecule are important for conferring the ER residency. Furthermore, the distance of the ER retention signal composed of the two lysine residues from the transmembrane domain may be influential for the efficiency of the ER retention activity.
Detection of Japanese Encephalitis Virus RNA in Host-Questing Ticks in Japan, 2019–2020 (2022)

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a mosquito-borne virus, causes severe clinical symptoms in humans in the Asian-Pacific region, where it circulates in a primary transmission cycle among Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes, domestic swine (Sus scrofa domesticus), and wading birds. We report here an anomalous result that mosquito-borne JEV was detected in unfed host-questing ticks collected from the field in Japan. JEV genomic RNA was detected in four pools of Haemaphysalis flava nymphs collected in November and December 2019, and March 2020, when Cx. tritaeniorhynchus adults were not presumed to be active. Moreover, JEV antigenomic RNA was detected in some JEV-positive tick samples, suggesting virus replication in ticks. However, taken together with no infectious virus isolated, the possibility that the antigenomic RNA was derived from the undigested bloodmeal source in ticks cannot be ruled out. Thus, the role of the ticks as a natural reservoir for JEV remains to be confirmed.
Atomic-layer engineering of superconducting oxides: yesterday, today, tomorrow (2001)

In the last decade, great progress has been made in atomic-layer synthesis of high-temperature superconductors (HTS) and related oxides. Achievements include growth of single-crystal films of various HTS phases, precise multilayers and superlattices, the first artificial HTS compounds, and superconductor-normal metal-superconductor (SNS) trilayer Josephson junctions with good characteristics and uniformity. Today, we are trying to integrate atomic-layer engineering, combinatorial molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) synthesis, and state-of-the-art analytical tools for surface science. In future. I expect the technique to be improved further and scaled up to manufacturing. This will trigger progress in basic physics, materials science, and electronics. A variety of novel devices, combining different oxide functionality, will be built. Large-scale integration will be achieved. Eventually, one can envision multi-functional all-oxide electronics-sensors, processing, and memory devices, all monolithically integrated within a single chip.
Indirect identification of magnetostriction properties of SiFe alloys (2004)

In this paper, it deals with the identification of the magnetostrictive properties of nonoriented (NO) and grain oriented (GO) materials using the variation of the magnetization characteristics when considering different values of the applied mechanical stress.
Genome-Enabled Estimates of Additive and Nonadditive Genetic Variances and Prediction of Apple Phenotypes Across Environments (2015)

The nonadditive genetic effects may have an important contribution to total genetic variation of phenotypes, so estimates of both the additive and nonadditive effects are desirable for breeding and selection purposes. Our main objectives were to: estimate additive, dominance and epistatic variances of apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) phenotypes using relationship matrices constructed from genome-wide dense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers; and compare the accuracy of genomic predictions using genomic best linear unbiased prediction models with or without including nonadditive genetic effects. A set of 247 clonally replicated individuals was assessed for six fruit quality traits at two sites, and also genotyped using an Illumina 8K SNP array. Across several fruit quality traits, the additive, dominance, and epistatic effects contributed about 30%, 16%, and 19%, respectively, to the total phenotypic variance. Models ignoring nonadditive components yielded upwardly biased estimates of additive variance (heritability) for all traits in this study. The accuracy of genomic predicted genetic values (GEGV) varied from about 0.15 to 0.35 for various traits, and these were almost identical for models with or without including nonadditive effects. However, models including nonadditive genetic effects further reduced the bias of GEGV. Between-site genotypic correlations were high (>0.85) for all traits, and genotype-site interaction accounted for <10% of the phenotypic variability. The accuracy of prediction, when the validation set was present only at one site, was generally similar for both sites, and varied from about 0.50 to 0.85. The prediction accuracies were strongly influenced by trait heritability, and genetic relatedness between the training and validation families.
Context Transfer Protocol (CXTP) (2005)

This document presents the Context Transfer Protocol (CXTP) that enables authorized context transfers. Context transfers allow better support for node based mobility so that the applications running on mobile nodes can operate with minimal disruption. Key objectives are to reduce latency and packet losses, and to avoid the re-initiation of signaling to and from the mobile node.
Surface Wave Impedance Modelling with 2D Finite Elements (2006)

A methodology for deriving a surface wave impedance that can be used within an asymptotic UTD ray-tracing model of surface wave diffraction is described in this paper. Fock theory can be used to calculate electromagnetic surface wave propagation on non-conducting, convex surfaces that are represented by an impedance boundary condition. A numerical estimate of the surface wave impedance presented to TE electromagnetic radiation propagating over a conducting, convex surface uniformly coated with a thin, lossy layer can be found from a 2D finite element time domain analysis. Surface wave impedance values derived from the CEM modelling are subsequently plugged into an asymptotic model in order to produce comparative prediction data with which to validate the approach. Simple curve-fitting procedures can be used to characterise the impedance over a range of frequencies and material properties for which the impedance boundary approximation is valid. The material corrections for the TM polarisation state are an order of magnitude smaller than the standard Fock theory predictions for a perfectly conducting body and have therefore been neglected. The problem is relevant to the performance prediction of antennas installed on non-perfectly conducting, coated bodies on which impedance boundary conditions apply. Only surfaces with constant curvature that were uniformly coated with linear, isotropic homogeneous materials were considered for this study.
Afbeeldingstechnieken (2015)

Het vermogen van straling om door materie heen te dringen maakt dat straling geschikt is voor het afbeelden van interne structuren.
Increased Expression of Lamin A/C Correlate with Regions of High Wall Stress in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (2015)

Lamin A/C protein is specifically increased in areas of high wall stress in AAA from patients, but is not increased on other vascular beds of aneurysm patients, suggesting that its elevation may be a compensatory response to the pathobiology leading to aneurysms.
Ethological resolution of behavioral topography and D2-like vs. D1-like agonist responses in congenic D4 dopamine receptor “knockouts”: Identification of D4:D1-like interactions (2005)

To clarify the involvement of dopamine D4 receptors in behavioral regulation, the phenotypic ethogram of congenic D4 “knockout” mice was studied in terms of (i) course of exploration and habituation, and (ii) topographical responsiveness to the selective D2-like agonist RU 24213 and the selective D1-like agonists A 68930, SK&F 83959 and SK&F 83822. Congenic D4 knockouts were characterized by a small reduction in exploratory sniffing with delayed habituation of sifting. The magnitude and topographical specificity of these effects indicated that any functional role for D4 receptors in exploratory processes is subtle. Induction of stereotyped, ponderous locomotion by RU 24213 was reduced in D4-null mice consistent with an involvement of D4 receptors in the topographical expression of stereotypy. Induction of grooming and, at higher doses, seizures by A 68930, which stimulates both adenylyl cyclase (AC) and phospholipase C (PLC), were unaltered in congenic D4 knockouts. In contrast, induction of grooming by SK&F 83959, which stimulates PLC but not AC and fails to induce seizures, was reduced in D4-null mice; this indicates that D4 receptors interact with PLC-coupled D1-like receptors in regulating D1-like-mediated grooming. Conversely, induction of seizures by SK&F 83822, which stimulates AC but not PLC and fails to induce grooming, was reduced in congenic D4 knockouts; this indicates that D4 receptors interact with AC-coupled D1-like receptors in regulating D1-like-mediated seizures. These studies identify novel functional roles for the D4 receptor that are distinct from those of closely related D2-like family members and involve interactions with their D1-like counterparts. Synapse 59:107–118, 2006. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
FATCOP: A Fault Tolerant Condor-PVM Mixed Integer Programming Solver (2001)

We describe FATCOP, a new parallel mixed integer program solver written in PVM. The implementation uses the Condor resource management system to provide a virtual machine composed of otherwise idle computers. The solver differs from previous parallel branch-and-bound codes by implementing a general purpose parallel mixed integer programming algorithm in an opportunistic multiple processor environment, as opposed to a conventional dedicated environment. It shows how to make effective use of resources as they become available while ensuring the program tolerates resource retreat. The solver performs well on test problems arising from real applications and is particularly useful for solving long running hard mixed integer programming problems.
Heat sensation in image creation with thermal vision (2005)

We introduce how to involve the heat sensation in image creation by using thermal vision. We develop ThermoTablet which can detect touch regions of physical input objects on a sensing surface using changes of a temperature distribution of the surface when those objects are hotter or colder than the surface. Image creation applications of painting, image modifications are implemented on it. In the painting application, users can directly use physical paintbrushes and airbrushes with hot water in spite of paint, and even use their own fingers, hands, and breaths directly. ThermoInk transforms the temperature information into a variation of painting. Image modification application aims an intuitive user interface for color saturation modification, hue modification, shape modification and CAD model deformation which are strongly related to heat sensations.
Analysis of lipids from cooked beef by thin‐layer chromatography with flame‐ionization detection (1993)

Abstract Lipids were extracted from cooked ground beef with methylene chloride/methanol (2:1). The lipids were separated on a silicic acid column, into neutral and polar fractions by elution with methylene chloride, followed by methanol. These fractions were analyzed by Iatroscan thin‐layer chromatography with flame‐ionization detection instrumentation on Chromarods S‐III (silica gelcoated quartz rods). Comparison of cooked beef stored for 0, 4 and 7 d at 4°C indicated that storage caused a decrease in total lipids, an increase in neutral lipids and a decrease in polar lipids, specifically in phosphatidylcholine. These changes in the lipid fraction were associated with meat flavor deterioration and an increase in lipid oxidation.
A Statistically Efficient Estimator for Co-array Based DoA Estimation (2018)

Co-array-based Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation using Sparse linear arrays (SLAs) has recently gained considerable interest in array processing due to the attractive capability of providing enhanced degrees of freedom. Although a variety of estimators have been suggested in the literature for co-array-based DoA estimation, none of them are statistically efficient. This work introduces a novel Weighted Least Squares (WLS) estimator for the co-array-based DoA estimation employing the covariance fitting method. Then, an optimal weighting is given so that the asymptotic performance of the proposed WLS estimator coincides with the Cramér-Rao Bound (CRB), thereby ensuring statistical efficiency of resulting WLS estimator. This implies that the proposed WLS estimator has significantly better performance compared to existing methods in the literature. Numerical simulations are provided to corroborate the asymptotic statistical efficiency and the improved performance of the proposed estimator.
[Fluorescence-based semi-automated gene scan with microsatellite markers by multiplex PCR techniques]. (1998)

This high output and low cost genotyping protocol is applicable to gene mapping, human evolution and forensic analysis.
Cu-Al Hydrotalcite: An Efficient and Reusable Ligand-Free Catalyst for the Coupling of Aryl Chlorides with Aliphatic, Aromatic, and N(H)-Heterocyclic Amines (2009)

Copper-aluminum hydrotalcite catalysts were effectively used in the coupling of aryl chlorides with aliphatic, aromatic, and N(H)-heterocyclic amines to afford the corresponding N-alkylated/arylated amines in excellent yields. The catalyst was quantitatively recovered from the reaction by simple filtration and reused for a number of cycles with almost consistent activity.
Carving the Active Site of Almond R‐HNL for Increased Enantioselectivity (2005)

Structure-guided redesign of the active site of almond (R)-PaHNL5 for increased enantioselectivity resulted in four improved muteins. In particular, mutation V360I gave enhanced conversion rates and enantioselectivities higher than 96 % ee for two structurally related substrates 1 and 2. Chiral building blocks for the synthesis of pharmaceutically active “prils” (example shown) can thus be produced on a large scale. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2005/z500435_s.html or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.