gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Juran's quality handbook (1999)

Contributors. Preface to the Fifth Edition. How to Use the Handbook. How to Think About Quality. The Quality Planning Process. The Quality Control Process. The Quality Improvement Process. Process Management. Quality and Income. Quality and Costs. Measurement, Information, and Decision-Making. Computer Applications to Quality Systems. The ISO 9000 Family of International Standards. Benchmarking. Strategic Deployment. Total Quality Management. Human Resources and Quality. Training for Quality. Project Management and Product Development. Market Research and Marketing. Quality in Research and Development. Software Development. Operations. Inspection and Test. Job Shop Industries. Customer Service. Administrative and Support Operations. Process Industries. Quality in a High Tech Industry. Automotive Industry. Travel and Hospitality Industries. Government Services. Health Care Services. Financial Services Industries. Second-Generation Data Quality Systems. Quality and Society. Quality and the National Culture. Quality in Developing Countries. Quality in Western Europe. Quality in Central and Eastern Europe. Quality in the United States. Quality in Japan. Quality in the People's Republic of China. Quality in Latin America. Basic Statistical Methods. Statistical Process Control. Acceptance Sampling. Design and Analysis of Experiments. Reliability Concepts and Data Analysis. Appendix I-Glossary of Symbols and Abbreviations. Appendix II-Tables and Charts. Appendix III-Selected Quality Standards, Specifications, and Related Documents. Appendix IV-Quality Systems Terminology. Appendix V-Quality Improvement Tools. Name Index. Subject Index.
Liquid Processing of Interfacially Grown Iron‐Oxide Flowers into 2D‐Platelets Yields Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes with Capacities of Twice the Theoretical Value (2022)

Iron oxide (Fe<sub>2</sub> O<sub>3</sub> ) is an abundant and potentially low-cost material for fabricating lithium-ion battery anodes. Here, the growth of α-Fe<sub>2</sub> O<sub>3</sub> nano-flowers at an electrified liquid-liquid interface is demonstrated. Sonication is used to convert these flowers into quasi-2D platelets with lateral sizes in the range of hundreds of nanometers and thicknesses in the range of tens of nanometers. These nanoplatelets can be combined with carbon nanotubes to form porous, conductive composites which can be used as electrodes in lithium-ion batteries. Using a standard activation process, these anodes display good cycling stability, reasonable rate performance and low-rate capacities approaching 1500 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> , consistent with the current state-of-the-art for Fe<sub>2</sub> O<sub>3</sub> . However, by using an extended activation process, it is found that the morphology of these composites can be significantly changed, rendering the iron oxide amorphous and significantly increasing the porosity and internal surface area. These morphological changes yield anodes with very good cycling stability and low-rate capacity exceeding 2000 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> , which is competitive with the best anode materials in the literature. However, the data implies that, after activation, the iron oxide displays a reduced solid-state lithium-ion diffusion coefficient resulting in somewhat degraded rate performance.
Tactile and Force Sensing for Computerized Hand Diagnosis (1995)

Commercially available force sensors were investigated with respect to their applicability as force transducers to measure grasping and pinching forces during hand strength evaluation procedures. The sensors investigated were force sensitive resistors, ultrasonic force sensors and miniature strain gauges. The ultrasonic force sensor was found to have the most suitable statical and dynamical characteristics for our application. Electronic pinchmeter and J-mar dynamometer were also investigated as the devices currently used for evaluation of grip and pinch strength. A virtual reality graphics simulation was constructed in order to experiment with hand evaluation procedures.
Maleimide polymers. III. Color reactions and kinetics (1975)

Abstract We have shown previously that the free‐radical polymerization kinetics of maleimide can be explained by a scheme for retarded polymerization. The steps involve tautomerization of a growing maleimidyl chain to succinimidyl, the retarded addition of maleimide to the latter, and termination solely by resonance‐stabilized succinimidyl radicals. Combination termination is preferred, since this yields a very stable N , N ′‐bisuccinimidyl structure. Other authors also invoke tautomerization to succinimidyl radicals which they believe terminate by disproportionation with growing maleimidyl chains to generate polymer with unsaturated endgroups. Free‐radical‐initiated polymaleimides are colored in the presence of base. Our measurements of the absorbance of polymaleimides at 387 and 500 nm in the presence of excess strong organic base show there is essentially no dependence on molecular weight. This suggests that the chromophoric groups are intramolecular and that color does not arise from the ionization of allylic protons associated with terminal double bonds. The near‐ultraviolet spectra of polymaleimides in slightly acidic media contain absorption bands at about 288, 320, and 360 nm. The structural impurities that account for these bands cannot be terminal unsaturation. We propose that the origin of these bands is pyrrolinone type structures which are formed by a retarded polymerization step through succinimidyl oxygen.
Age-Related Changes in Phosphorylation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Rat Penis (2005)

Age-related ED is associated with eNOS inactivation through a decrease in phosphorylation of its positive regulatory site (Ser-1177) and an increase in phosphorylation of its negative regulatory site (Thr-495) in the penis. Altered phosphorylation/constitutive activation of eNOS by fluid shear stress may be a major determinant of compromised vascular homeostasis of the aged penis. The finding that VEGF rapidly induces erection and partly corrects alterations in eNOS phosphorylation in the aged rat penis suggests impaired eNOS activation by deficient endogenous VEGF and supports the potential for growth factor therapy in the treatment of age-related ED.
Remote Fiber-Based Velocimeter for Interface-Strength Measurements (2021)

Understanding the performance of nuclear reactor plate fuels is essential to the development of new fuel systems. The condition of pre- and post-irradiation plates must be characterized effectively and efficiently before and after irradiation within a high rad environment. Characterization work after irradiation must be performed remotely, in an environment hostile to instrumentation. Laser-based characterization methods provide a capability to be robust within a hot-cell environment. Laser-based characterization can provide high spatial resolution appropriate for scanning and imaging large areas. Idaho National Laboratory is developing a laser-shock system for use in the post-irradiation examination station of the Hot Fuel Examination Facility. This laser-shock system is used to characterize the strength of bonds between fuel and cladding and between cladding and cladding. The technique induces large-amplitude shockwaves to mechanically characterize interfaces between the materials. As the shockwave propagates as a compressional wave through the fuel plate to the free (unconfined) backside surface, it is reflected back through the test plate as a rarefaction (tensile) wave. This wave is the physical mechanism that induces internal delamination failure. However, accurate measurement of surface velocity to quantify the energy traveling through the interfaces to the back surface of the fuel plate was complicated by the original fiber-based velocimeter design, which was biased by parasitic back reflections. This paper discusses the discovery of the back-reflection issue and the design changes to resolve the issue. Supporting data will be presented.
Behavioural Science Principles for Supporting COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence and Uptake Among Ontario Health Care Workers (2021)

Health Care Workers (HCWs) are the backbone of Ontario’s COVID-19 pandemic response and are a key vaccination priority group. About 80% of Ontario HCWs intend to receive COVID-19 vaccine.1 Challenges include the logistics of delivering the vaccine to this mobile and diverse group and improving vaccine confidence in the remaining 20%. These challenges can be overcome by allaying safety concerns and highlighting personal benefits; tailoring messages to factors associated with lower intention (e.g. age, gender, ethnicity and work setting); employing trusted leaders to set the tone and peers to build social norms; and leveraging public health organizations and health institutions as existing channels of influence.
Coupling Elastic Bodies with an Enhanced Craig‐Bampton‐like Scheme (2015)

Abstract Elastic multibody systems are widely used as description of mechanical systems that consist of separable components. These components are represented by elastic bodies that interact by the means of force and damping elements as well as boundary conditions. The description of the elasticity is usually provided by a linear finite‐element model. If the bodies are densely meshed, a large system of differential equations is obtained. The numerical effort can be reduced by model order reduction. This contribution presents reduction approaches that are especially well suited for the elastic multibody system framework. (© 2015 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Preliminary results on passive eddy current damper technology for SSME turbomachinery (1985)

Some preliminary results have been obtained for the dynamic response of a rotor operating over a speed range of 800 to 10,000 rpm. Amplitude frequency plots show the lateral vibratory response of an unbalanced rotor with and without external damping. The mode of damping is by means of eddy currents generated with 4 c shaped permanent magnets installed at the lower bearing of a vertically oriented rotor. The lower ball bearing and its damper assembly are totally immersed in liquid nitrogen at a temperature of -197 deg C (-320 deg F). These preliminary results for a referenced or base line passive eddy current damper assembly show that the amplitude of synchronous vibration is reduced at the resonant frequency. Measured damping coefficients were calculated to phi = .086; this compares with a theoretically calculated value of phi = .079.
Effect of 1-DOPA on calcitonin secretion by thyroid C cells. (1983)

After administering 1-DOPA for 7 d a decreased number of secretory granules as well as pronounced rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus were noted in C cells. A single dose of 1-DOPA did not inhibit C cell stimulation induced by a single dose of calcium gluconate. On the other hand, parallel administration of alpha-methyl-DOPA and calcium gluconate did not decrease the number of C cell secretory granules, which were observed after administration of calcium gluconate alone. The data suggest that the presence of DOPAmine (formed the 1-DOPA) in the secretory granules is a prerequisite for normal functioning of secretory processes in thyroid C cells.
Interaction of the A0 lamb wave mode with a de-lamination type defect in GLARE3-3/2 composite material (2006)

Ultrasonic non-destructive testing and evaluation is one of the most common methods applied for inspection of composite materials. The measured wave velocity gives information about composite properties. Changes in the ultrasonic wave velocity or in the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal indicate possible defects. The application of a single-side access air-coupled ultrasonic technique for the investigation of the Lamb wave propagation in the composite material, and numerical simulations of the Lamb wave interaction with the de-lamination type defect, are presented here. The interaction between wave and damage is analysed in detail. The change of the Lamb wave velocity was measured in a de-laminated area of the composite material GLARE3-3/2. The influence of the de-lamination on the Lamb wave propagation velocity is investigated experimentally and numerically.
Rat thimet oligopeptidase: large-scale expression in Escherichia coli and characterization of the recombinant enzyme (1995)

The coding sequence for rat testis thimet oligopeptidase (TOP) (EC 3.4.24.15) was placed under the control of the T7 polymerase/promoter system. Cultures of Escherichia coli transfected with the resulting plasmid expressed the enzyme as a soluble cytoplasmic protein. Medium-scale cultures allowed isolation of the enzyme in quantities of tens of milligrams. The availability of the recombinant enzyme permitted the determination of such chemical properties as epsilon 280 (48,960), zinc content (2 atom/molecule) and available thiol content (8-10/molecule) for TOP. The recombinant enzyme showed the catalytic activities previously reported for the naturally occurring enzyme, so that we can now conclude with confidence that these are all due to TOP and there is no need to postulate the existence of separate 'Pz-peptidase' or 'endo-oligopeptidase A' enzymes.
Electrostatically Templated Self‐Assembly of Polymeric Particles: The Role of Friction and Shape Complementarity (2011)

Abstract Conductive electrodes held at kV potentials and patterned with non‐conductive circular islands can drive templated self‐assembly (TSA) of millimeter‐sized polymeric particles. It is found, however, that the complementarity of the shapes of the “capturing” islands and the projected shapes of the “adsorbing” particles is insufficient to produce high quality assemblies. For instance, while spherical particles center onto circular islands and form highly regular arrays, disk‐shaped particles remain off‐centered on the same islands. These effects are due to frictional effects that compete with electrostatic forces during TSA. A finite‐element model is used to quantify the forces acting in the system and suggests heuristic rules that guide the design of islands capturing particles of desired shapes and sizes.
MiniApp for Density Matrix Renormalization Group Hamiltonian Application Kernel (2018)

We present two miniapps that implement the core computational kernel of the DMRG++ application, a generic C++ code that implements the Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) algorithm. The DMRG++ core Kronecker multiplication kernel is formulated using a batched BLAS approach, with implementation that targets both multi-core CPUs using OpenMP and GPGPU using the MAGMA library. The kernel evaluates the matrix-vector multiplication of the target Hamiltonian matrix used in Lanczos algorithm for computing the lowest eigenvalue and eigenvector. The Hamiltonian matrix is expressed compactly as sums of Kronecker products of small dense matrices. We demonstrate improved performance of the miniapp on synthetic problem, and show the performance of the DMRG++ application using a plugin based on the miniapp. We also present an OpenMP miniapp that explores the use of nested parallel constructs to implement the Kronecker multiplication kernel, exploring the use of nested OpenMP worksharing and tasking abstractions to implement the multi-level parallel multiplication algorithm. The miniapp has been used as a co-design vehicle for evaluating features in the OpenMP-4.5 and upcoming OpenMP-5.0 standards.
Kinetic data analysis with a noisy input function (1987)

Methods of parameter estimation are proposed for the analysis of dynamic experiments in which the input function is noisy. Noise in the input function leads to uncertainties in the calculated model-predicted values, and therefore the covariance matrix of the residuals is a function of the model parameters. These statistical uncertainties in the model-predicted values significantly change the nature of the fitting process and the quality of the results. The proposed optimisation methods use weighted least-squares criteria, and three choices for the weighting matrix are considered. The proposed weighting matrices, in order of complexity are: (1) the identity matrix (no weighting), (2) the covariance matrix of the data (ignoring the noise in the input function), and (3) the full covariance matrix of the residuals (incorporating both the noise in the data and the noise in the input function). The methodology is applied to dynamic emission tomography studies of the heart, where the blood (input) and tissue tracer concentrations at each time are derived from two regions of interest in the same tomographic slice. Computer stimulations of compartmental systems show that parameters and their covariance matrix are more accurately estimated when the full covariance matrix of the residuals is used as a weighting matrix rather than either of the other two methods. For the practical example considered, parameter bias was increased by a factor of at least four when the noise in the input function was ignored, and one parameter had a bias of 24% when the unweighted least-squares criterion was used.
Generation and Maturation of Dendritic Cells for Clinical Application Under Serum-Free Conditions (2005)

Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) in clinical use for cancer immunotherapy are ideally generated in serum-free medium (SFM) with inclusion of a suitable maturation factor toward the end of the incubation period. Three good manfacturing practice (GMP) grade SFMs (AIM-V, X-VIVO 15, and X-VIVO 20) were compared with RPMI-1640, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum or 10% human serum. DCs generated for 7 days in SFM were less mature and secreted less interleukin (IL) 12p70 and IL-10 than DCs generated in 10% serum. DC yield was comparable in SFMs, and a greater proportion of cells was viable after maturation. Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands were compared for their ability to induce cytokine secretion under serum-free conditions in the presence of interferon (IFN) gamma. With the exception of Poly I:C, TLR ligands stimulated high levels of IL-10 secretion. High levels of IL-12p70 were induced by two TLR4-mediated stimuli, lipopolysaccharide and Ribomunyl, a clinical-grade bacterial extract. When T-cell responses were compared in allogeneic mixed leukocyte reaction, DCs stimulated with Ribomunyl induced higher levels of IFNgamma than DCs stimulated with the cytokine cocktail: tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and prostaglandin E2. In the presence of IL-10 neutralizing antibodies, DC IL-12p70 production and T-cell IFNgamma were increased in vitro. Similarly, DCs stimulated with Ribomunyl, IFNgamma, and anti-IL-10 induced high levels of tetanus toxoid-specific T-cell proliferation and IFNgamma secretion. Thus, MoDCs generated in SFM efficiently stimulate T-cell IFNgamma production after maturation in the presence of a clinical-grade TLR4 agonist and IL-10 neutralization.
Towards Programmable Fog Nodes in Smart Factories (2016)

Starting with the invention of the steam engine in the 18th century, the industrial revolutions formed an ecosystem of over 20 billion connected devices with unforeseeable influence to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Predictions are that, by 2020 the connectable assets will generate about 44 ZB of data, which pose interesting challenges related to privacy, connectivity, scalability and others. A current line of action is the development of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs), which can be monitored and controlled by private clouds or edge systems. Our approach is to bring functionalities, such as analytics, as close to the devices as possible (denoted as Fog Computing) to reduce latency and enhance data privacy and communication robustness. As a starting point we're extending a standard-compliant Machine-To-Machine Communication (M2M) architecture with container based orchestration mechanisms to enable CPSs to be programmable, autonomous and to communicate peer-to-peer. As the main field of application we are considering in particular smart factory environments and Industrial Internet domains in general.
Leveraging Skill Hierarchy for Multi-Level Modeling with Elo Rating System (2019)

In this paper, we are discussing the case of offering retired assessment items as practice problems for the purposes of learning in a system called ACT Academy. In contrast to computer-assisted learning platforms, where students consistently focus on small sets of skills they practice till mastery, in our case, students are free to explore the whole subject domain. As a result, they have significantly lower attempt counts per individual skill.
Oversampled Digital-to-Analog Converter for noise reduction in polar transmitters (2014)

Polar transmitters suffer from the problem of having high out-of-band noise. To solve this problem, most of the proposed solutions rely on increasing the sampling rate of the phase branch. In this paper, we present a novel method based on processing the digital radius signal in order to reduce the out-of-band noise. The proposed method modifies the output of the Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) in order to overcome the distortions introduced in the phase branch of the polar transmitter. By moving one part of the phase information to the radius path, the implementation of the phase branch can be simplified significantly while the out-of-band noise is reduced and the harmonics are attenuated.
Equal-dose spectral optimization of spectral CT mono-energy photon counting (2012)

The image quality entitlement is evaluated for multi-energy bin photon counting (PC) spectral CT relative to that of energy integration an dual kVp (dkVp) imaging. Physics simulations of X-ray projection channel data and CT images are used to map contrast-to-noise metrics for simple numerical phantoms objects with soft tissue, calcium and iodine materials. The benefits are quantified under ideal detector conditions. Spectral optimization yields on the order of 2X benefit for iodine visualization measured by CNR^2/dose in two different imaging modes: optimal energy weighting, and optimal mono-energy imaging. In another case studied, strict dose equivalence is maintained by use of a composite spectrum for PC simulation that combines simultaneously the two kVp excitations used sequentially for dkVp. In this case, mono-energetic imaging of iodine contrast agent is shown to achieve 40% higher dose efficiency for photon counting compared to dual kVp although non-ideal characteristics of the photon counting response can eliminate much of this benefit.
Enzymatic Reactive Distillation: Kinetic Resolution of rac-2-Pentanol with Biocatalytic Coatings on Structured Packings (2015)

An enantioselective biocatalytic reaction was carried out for the first time in a fully integrated batch reactive distillation setup. The investigated reaction was the lipase catalyzed kinetic resolution of a racemic mixture of (R/S)-2-pentanol with ethyl butyrate. The reaction is strongly limited by the reaction equilibrium so that the reactive distillation helped to shift the equilibrium toward the product side. The enantioselectivity of the applied lipase was high with ee values >99% for 2-pentanol at conversions of 69 ± 3%. As established in our previous work, the biocatalyst was again immobilized within a hydrophobic silica coating for structured packings. The production of the biocatalytic coating was further developed as a spray-coating method to allow reproducible coatings which also can be applied on larger surfaces. The influence of the coating on separation efficiency and pressure drop was studied as well as the stability of the coating under the required process conditions. Overall, this work demonstrates the first kinetic resolution in a reactive distillation setup with structured packings and presents the catalytic coating as an alternative structure for (bio)catalytic columns internals.