gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of silicon oxynitride thin films by infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (1996)

Silicon oxynitride thin films deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition on various substrates have been characterized by infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy. Shifts of the LO Si–O vibrational band to lower wave numbers have been observed with increasing N content and also with the thickness of the films. We observe that the ratio of LO Si–O vibrational mode wave number to film thickness (υ/t) varies linearly with the ratio of refractive index to thickness (n/t). This linear relationship does not depend on the nature of substrates on which films are deposited (Al/Si, Si, Si/Al). Our results show that the composition of silicon oxynitride films could be determined directly by measuring the LO Si–O mode position.
Independent Prognostication and Therapy Monitoring of Breast Cancer Patients by Dna/Rna Typing of Minimal Residual Cancer Cells (2000)

Clinical relevance, purification techniques and molecular characterization of minimal residual cancer cells (MRCC) is a controversial topic in the literature. An analytical concept including a novel isolation procedure and a panel of tests for DNA and RNA typing of MRCCs is described and clinically evaluated in this paper. The purification procedure exploiting the physical characteristics of MRCCs shows superior performance leading to > 50% pure and viable tumor cells. Proof of the presence and purity of MRCCs in an isolated sample is given by multiparametric DNA typing (amplifications, mutations, losses of heterozygosity). On the basis of the proven presence of MRCCs tumor-relevant mRNAs can be adequately analyzed by normalized quantitative real-time RT-PCR. The molecular characterization of MRCCs isolated from blood of breast cancer patients could have a strong clinical impact on prognostication, drug targeting and therapy monitoring.
Wnt and Notch signaling govern self-renewal and differentiation in a subset of human glioblastoma stem cells (2019)

Developmental signal transduction pathways act diversely, with context-dependent roles across systems and disease types. Glioblastomas (GBMs), which are the poorest prognosis primary brain cancers, strongly resemble developmental systems, but these growth processes have not been exploited therapeutically, likely in part due to the extreme cellular and genetic heterogeneity observed in these tumors. The role of Wnt/βcatenin signaling in GBM stem cell (GSC) renewal and fate decisions remains controversial. Here, we report context-specific actions of Wnt/βcatenin signaling in directing cellular fate specification and renewal. A subset of primary GBM-derived stem cells requires Wnt proteins for self-renewal, and this subset specifically relies on Wnt/βcatenin signaling for enhanced tumor burden in xenograft models. In an orthotopic Wnt reporter model, Wnt<sup>hi</sup> GBM cells (which exhibit high levels of βcatenin signaling) are a faster-cycling, highly self-renewing stem cell pool. In contrast, Wnt<sup>lo</sup> cells (with low levels of signaling) are slower cycling and have decreased self-renewing potential. Dual inhibition of Wnt/βcatenin and Notch signaling in GSCs that express high levels of the proneural transcription factor <i>ASCL1</i> leads to robust neuronal differentiation and inhibits clonogenic potential. Our work identifies new contexts for Wnt modulation for targeting stem cell differentiation and self-renewal in GBM heterogeneity, which deserve further exploration therapeutically.
Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Coordination Control Strategy Compatible with Feeder Automation (2019)

To solve the problem of incompatibility and mutual repulsion between a distribution network (DN) and distributed generation (DG), this paper first analyzes the conflicts between current feeder automation (FA) and doubly-fed induction generation (DFIG). Then, a DFIG coordination control strategy compatible with FA is proposed to cause the DFIG operating continuously during fault isolation and power supply recovery. The strategy consists of three aspects: (1) a DFIG islanding active synchronization control technology to support islanding and distant presynchronization control; (2) DFIG senses the status of circuit breakers/tie-switch through generic object oriented substation event (GOOSE) messages to achieve rapid switch of control modes and distant synchronization; (3) tie-switch senses the status of DFIG through GOOSE messages for closing. Finally, the effectiveness of the strategy is validated by multiple sound and detailed time-domain simulation cases. This study indicates future possible development trends and provides a simple and effective strategy for researches in the field of smart grid DN–DG compatibility.
Determination of monoclinic selenium in selenium (1976)

セレン(単斜セレンと六方セレンとの混合物)中の単斜セレンを有機溶媒に抽出分離しその吸光度を測定して定量する方法を検討した.単斜セレンは二硫化炭素90mlに対し,(250～420)μの粉砕試料約100mgは6時間で,光導伝厚膜約(10～25)mgのそれは3時間でソックスレー抽出器で抽出される.又,膜重量(0.1～1)mgの光導伝薄膜の単斜セレンは超音波照射3分で5mlの二硫化炭素に抽出される.前記抽出液は384nmに吸収極大があり,この波長を用いて単斜セレンの定量ができる.
Cooling of aerospace plane using liquid hydrogen and methane (1995)

This work studies the active cooling for aerospace plane, using liquid hydrogen and liquid methane. The ascending optimized trajectory to minimize the heat load in the hypersonic part is used to perform the study. The study includes the cooling for the stagnation point, the leading edges for wings and engine and other parts of the aerospace plane that are close to the leading edges. Laminar flow for the stagnation point and both laminar and turbulent flow for the leading-edge heating have been considered. The amount of heat rate (total, radiative, and convective) and the mass of liquid coolant needed for cooling are calculated. A design of minimum inlet-outlet areas for the amount of liquid needed for cooling is made with the consideration of the coolant's physical constraints in liquid and gaseous states. The study shows that the ratio of masses of coolant to the initial total mass (initial total mass of the vehicle including fuel and coolant masses) are in the limit of the reachable range, which requires about 20% or less of initial total mass for cooling in the worst case. Comparison of liquid hydrogen and liquid methane shows that liquid hydrogen is a clearly superior candidate for coolant and it saves 10% of the initial total mass as compared to methane. The study shows that there are no fundamental barriers for the cooling system of the vehicle in terms of its coolant mass and area size for coolant passage.
A giant trigeminal schwannoma of the infratemporal fossa removed by transmandibular approach and coronoidectomy (2016)

The whole spectrum of infratemporal fossa (IF) tumors comprises both intra- and extracranial tumors. Schwannomas are benign nerve tumors arising from the Schwann cells. Approximately 25%-45% of schwannomas occur in the head and neck region. The lesions commonly arise from the roots of cranial and cervical nerves in the parapharyngeal space, with the majority originating from the vagus nerve. Trigeminal schwannomas account for about 0.2% of all intracranial tumors, and 0.8% and 8% of intracranial schwannomas. Trigeminal schwannomas are commonly located in the intracranium. Exclusive extracranial trigeminal schwannoma are exceptional lesions that may also involve the maxillary sinus, the orbit, and the parapharyngeal space. Schwannomas of the head and neck can originate from any section of the fifth cranial nerve, from the root to the distal extracranial branches, but the majority develops at the Gasserian ganglion, usually growing in the middle cranium. Schwannomas arising primarily within the IF, without intracranial extension, are extremely rare. Many approaches were described for extracranial trigeminal schwannomas originating from the skull base, such as transmaxillary approach, or Le Fort I type I osteotomy, or facial translocation approach, or infratemporal approach, or transmandibular transcervical approaches. We present a case of voluminous extracranial schwannoma, arising from the extradural divisions of the trigeminal nerve, extending in the IF and parapharyngeal space, treated via a transmandibular approach. The literature regarding extracranial schwannomas of the IF and parapharyngeal space, and their approaches are reviewed.
Increased P-selectin plasma levels in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. (1996)

These findings suggest that activation of platelets and/or endothelium may play a relevant role in the pathogenesis of TTP.
Realtime textured 3D-models for medical applications. (2002)

Realistic visualisation becomes more and more important in medicine. Whenever a patient individual 3D-model was generated the aim is to visualise the model as realistic as possible. We use 3D-models in our diagnostic and therapeutic tools for intraoperative visualisation of e.g. CT-scans. Most medical tools uses surface-rendering or volume-rendering for virtual visualisation. The coloration of a visualised model is normally done by using a convenient colour for each surface resp. volume. Our approach for 3D-models generated from motion in image series (e.g. videoendoscopes) is to add textures to the 3D-model. The main problem is, to handle the huge amount of videoimage-data (20Mb/sec.) and render the model in realtime.
Library Tools for Connecting with the Curriculum (2004)

Serving as liaison librarians at the department level, the authors discuss strategies for integrating library and online resources with the curriculum. Examples of technology-based capabilities range from current awareness services, e-reserves, and journal finding applications to smart linking functions that can be built into library catalogs, licensed databases, course syllabi, and tailored research guides. Attendees will be able to increase student engagement with learning resources by using their institution’s library tools more effectively, and by requesting librarian assistance to employ these functions in online research guides and course syllabi.
Organized Monolayers by Adsorption. III. Irreversible Adsorption and Memory Effects in Skeletonized Silane Monolayers (1979)

Abstract Oleophobic mixed monolayers of n‐octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) and surfactant dyes are adsorbed on polar solid surfaces. The dye molecules are then removed by solvent treatment leaving holes entrapped within a stable network of chemisorbed and polymerized silane molecules. Surfaces coated with such skeletonized OTS monolayers are shown to exhibit adsorption properties related to specific geometrical features of the displaced molecules. This provides a new artificial means for directing molecular organization taking place at a solid‐liquid interface. Practical applications to the study of liquid crystals, chemical reactions of oriented molecules and chromatography are suggested.
Chlamydiaeas Symbionts in Eukaryotes (2008)

Members of the phylum Chlamydiae are obligate intracellular bacteria that were discovered about a century ago. Although Chlamydiae are major pathogens of humans and animals, they were long recognized only as a phylogenetically well-separated, small group of closely related microorganisms. The diversity of chlamydiae, their host range, and their occurrence in the environment had been largely underestimated. Today, several chlamydia-like bacteria have been described as symbionts of free-living amoebae and other eukaryotic hosts. Some of these environmental chlamydiae might also be of medical relevance for humans. Their analysis has contributed to a broader understanding of chlamydial biology and to novel insights into the evolution of these unique microorganisms.
Inhibitors of HIV‐1 Protease by Using In Situ Click Chemistry (2006)

Zweimal schwach gibt mächtig: Die HIV-1-Protease baut ihren eigenen leistungsfähigen Inhibitor zusammen, indem sie mit einem azid- und einem alkinhaltigen Fragment, die beide schwach binden, die Triazolverknüpfung erzeugt. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2006/z502161_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Protection of conjugated linoleic acids against 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline-induced colon carcinogenesis in the F344 rat: a study of inhibitory mechanisms (1995)

Journal Article Protection of conjugated linoleic acids against 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline-induced colon carcinogenesis in the F344 rat: a study of inhibitory mechanisms Get access C. Liew, C. Liew Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H.A.J Schut, H.A.J Schut 1Department of Pathology, Medical College of OhioToledo, OH 43614 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S.F. Chin, S.F. Chin 2Food Research Institute, Department of Food Microbiology and Toxicology, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI 53706, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M.W. Pariza, M.W. Pariza 2Food Research Institute, Department of Food Microbiology and Toxicology, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI 53706, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R.H. Dashwood R.H. Dashwood 3 3To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Carcinogenesis, Volume 16, Issue 12, December 1995, Pages 3037–3043, https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/16.12.3037 Published: 01 December 1995 Article history Received: 22 June 1995 Revision received: 22 August 1995 Accepted: 24 August 1995 Published: 01 December 1995
Photon-number statistics from the phase-averaged quadrature-field distribution: Theory and ultrafast measurement (1995)

We prove that the photon-number distribution of an arbitrary single-mode optical state can be calculated directly from the phase-averaged quadrature amplitude distribution, measured using optical homodyne detection. We experimentally demonstrate the application of this result by measuring the ultrafast (subpicosecond), time-resolved photon-number statistics of a weak field from a pulsed diode laser. Also presented is a numerical calculation of the photon-number distribution of a quadrature-squeezed vacuum state.
Î±-Galactosidase A fromPseudomonas fluorescenssubsp.cellulosa: cloning, high level expression and its role in galactomannan hydrolysis (2000)

A library of Pseudomonas fluorescens subsp. cellulosa genomic DNA, constructed in lambda ZAPII, was screened for alpha-D-galactosidase activity. The DNA inserts from six galactosidase-positive clones were rescued into plasmids. Restriction digestion and Southern analysis revealed that each of the plasmids contained a common DNA sequence. The sequence of the Pseudomonas DNA in one of the plasmids revealed a single open reading frame (aga27A) of 1215 bp encoding a protein of M(r) 45900, designated alpha-galactosidase 27A (Aga27A). Aga27A exhibited extensive sequence identity with alpha-galactosidases in glycoside hydrolase 27, and appeared to be a single domain protein. The recombinant alpha-galactosidase was expressed at high levels in Escherichia coli and the biophysical properties and substrate specificity of the enzyme were evaluated. The data showed that Aga27A was a mesophilic neutral acting non-specific alpha-galactosidase. Both P. fluorescens subsp. cellulosa mannanase A (ManA) and Aga27A hydrolyse the polymeric substrate, carob galactomannan. Sequential hydrolysis with AgaA followed by ManA, or ManA followed by AgaA enhanced product release. The positive effects of sequential hydrolysis are discussed.
Regioselective metathesis reactions of various polyunsaturated ketones and alcohols (2010)

Abstract The reactivity for metathesis reaction of some polyunsaturated cyclopentanols, and of a polyunsaturated ketone bearing vinyl groups or vinyl and propenyl groups has been examined. In the presence of two of these reactants, depending on the ruthenium catalyst employed, either the ring closing metathesis or the cross‐coupling metathesis was observed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Fabricating fiber bragg gratings with tailored spectral properties for strain sensor arrays using a post-exposure rescan technique (2005)

Multi-element sensor arrays of low-r@7ectivi@c, hiTed, apodized, 1 cm long, and 1 nm wide gratings hove been fabricated inter$emmetrically. Once exposed, points along each grating ore re-illuminated with fringeless ullro-violet light to achieve < 1 %flat top ripple in reflectiviw and no sideband to -30 dE.
Linear subspace design for real-time shape deformation (2015)

We propose a method to design linear deformation subspaces, unifying linear blend skinning and generalized barycentric coordinates. Deformation subspaces cut down the time complexity of variational shape deformation methods and physics-based animation (reduced-order physics). Our subspaces feature many desirable properties: interpolation, smoothness, shape-awareness, locality, and both constant and linear precision. We achieve these by minimizing a quadratic deformation energy, built via a discrete Laplacian inducing linear precision on the domain boundary. Our main advantage is speed: subspace bases are solutions to a sparse linear system, computed interactively even for generously tessellated domains. Users may seamlessly switch between applying transformations at handles and editing the subspace by adding, removing or relocating control handles. The combination of fast computation and good properties means that designing the right subspace is now just as creative as manipulating handles. This paradigm shift in handle-based deformation opens new opportunities to explore the space of shape deformations.
1,3,5-Triphenylbenzene and Corannulene as Electron Receptors for Lithium Solvated Electron Solutions (2016)

The authors report on conductivity studies carried out on lithium solvated electron solutions (LiSES) prepared using two types of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), namely 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene and corannulene, as electron receptors. The solid PAHs were first dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF) to form a solution. Metallic lithium was then dissolved into these PAH/THF solutions to yield either blue or greenish blue solutions, colors which are indicative of the presence of solvated electrons. Conductivity measurements at ambient temperature carried out on 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene-based LiSES, denoted by LixTPB(THF)24.7 (x = 1, 2, 3, 4), showed an increase of conductivity with increase of Li:PAH ratio from x = 1 to 2. However, the conductivity gradually decreased upon further increasing the ratio. Indeed the conductivity of LixTPB(THF)24.7 for x = 4 is even lower than for x = 1. Such behavior is similar to that of the previously reported LiSES prepared from biphenyl and naphthalene. Conductivity versus temperature measurements on corannulene-based LiSES, denoted by LixCor(THF)247 (x = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5), showed linear relationships with negative slopes, indicating a metallic behavior similar to biphenyl and naphthalene-based LiSES.
Implicit algorithms for viscous flow simulation at arbitrary Mach number (2009)

Two implicit numerical algorithms using a global preconditioning technique are presented for solving 3-D Navier-Stokes viscous flows.Computations were performed for both laminar and turbulent flows over a flat plate under different Mach numbers.The computed results show good agreement with the Balsius profile for the laminar flow and the Spalding of profile for the turbulent flow.The implicit numerical algorithms presented in this work are efficient,robust,and accurate for a wide range of Mach numbers.It also shows that the current preconditioning technique has a large effect on the convergence and accuracy at a very small Mach number.
Characterization of Condensed SF6 Layers for He Gas Pumping and Their Application in the JT-60 NBI Cryosorption Pump. (1991)

Pumping characteristics of condensed SF6 layers for He gas have been measured in a small-size cryosorption pump. From the experimental results, He pressure dependence of the effective adsorption conefficient of He on condensed SF6 layers is estimated with the aid of numerical simulation.
Ushering in the new century. (2013)

With this issue the Indian Journal of Medical Research (IJMR) steps in its new century. It marks an important milestone in the history of IJMR as in this very month a hundred years ago IJMR was born and with this July 2013 issue being the first issue in 101th year of IJMR, it marks the beginning of a new era. The question which has haunted mankind through centuries and made even the greatest of minds of our generation think twice was knocking on our doors, the question staring down at us and asking us, “Will we continue to succeed by rapid improvement in our impact factor and also the levels of satisfaction of Indian biomedical- scientific community?” The centenary highlights included initiating new sections such as Clinical Images, bringing out state-of-art centenary special review articles, the select IJMR classics, the most cited articles of the past five decades, all wrapped up in new get-up of the journal. The IJMR now begins to breathe the air of its new century, with further improved impact factor (IF) of 2.061, which not only is the highest ever in the history of IJMR but the highest among Indian biomedical journals. These are two momentous milestones of IJMR, which is now 100 years old with an extended outreach and popularity across the globe. In the last decade though the IJMR attained 1+IF which was a very significant achievement but remained between 1.224 and 1.883.
75. MicroRNA-Based Multi-Tissue Detargeted Mengovirus Therapy for Multiple Myeloma (2015)

Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell malignancy for which no cure is currently available. It is a disseminated cancer that is highly vascular, expresses minimal extracellular matrix, and is metabolically active making it an ideal candidate for oncolytic virotherapy. Oncolytic picornaviruses for cancer therapy have shown great promise in human clinical trials. Mengovirus is a novel picornavirus with potent oncolytic activity in a broad range of cancer cells, however it causes encephalitis and myocarditis. The pathogenesis of this virus can be attenuated by shortening a polycytidine tract in the 5’ untranslated region (UTR), but the toxicity profile of this virus (MC24) in mice bearing multiple myeloma tumors is still suboptimal. In this study we enhanced the safety profile of MC24 by incorporating sequences complementary to miR-124 (enriched in nervous tissue), miR-133 and miR-208 (both enriched in cardiac tissue) in the 5’ and 3’ UTRs of the viral genome. All microRNA target sequences were tolerated by MC24 and the viral replication kinetics in HeLa cells was unaltered. miR-124 targets in the 5’ UTR suppressed replication in the central nervous system. Insertions in the 3’ UTR led to nonspecific suppression of viral pathogenicity. The combination of miR-133 and miR-208 targets in the 3’ UTR resulted in suppressed viral replication in cardiac tissue. Finally, a dual-targeted virus, MC24-NC, eliminated the toxicity of the virus while maintaining oncolytic efficacy similar to unmodified MC24. 5 out of 10 immune competent BALB/c mice bearing subcutaneous murine multiple myeloma MPC-11 tumors developed hind-limb paralysis in the first five days following intratumoral treatment with MC24. In contrast no mice treated with MC24-NC developed hind-limb paralysis in the first five days. 2 out of 10 mice in both groups developed hind-limb paralysis between days 24 and 29 following treatment, however no infectious virus could be recovered from the nervous or cardiac tissues of these animals and all had developed metastatic tumor nodules. MC24-NC resulted in complete tumor regression in 4 out of 10 mice and significantly prolonged survival compared to saline treated mice. This study showed that dual-tropic microRNA-targeting of MC24 significantly improves the safety profile of the virus without altering the oncolytic activity.