gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AccConF: An Access Control Framework for Leveraging In-Network Cached Data in ICNs (2016)

The fast-growing Internet traffic is increasingly becoming content-based and driven by mobile users, with users more interested in data rather than its source. This has precipitated the need for an information-centric Internet architecture. Research in information-centric networks (ICNs) have resulted in novel architectures, e.g., CCN/NDN, DONA, and PSIRP/PURSUIT; all agree on named data based addressing and pervasive caching as integral design components. With network-wide content caching, enforcement of content access control policies become non-trivial. Each caching node in the network needs to enforce access control policies with the help of the content provider. This becomes inefficient and prone to unbounded latencies especially during provider outages. In this paper, we propose an efficient access control framework for ICN, which allows legitimate users to access and use the cached content directly, and does not require verification/authentication by an online provider authentication server or the content serving router. This framework would help reduce the impact of system down-time from server outages and reduce delivery latency by leveraging caching while guaranteeing access only to legitimate users. Experimental/simulation results demonstrate the suitability of this scheme for all users, but particularly for mobile users, especially in terms of the security and latency overheads.
Pressure-diameter relations during early diastole in dogs. Incompatibility with the concept of passive left ventricular filling. (1981)

We studied left ventricular (LV) pressure-diameter relations in 13 open-chest mongrel dogs to explore whether ventricular filling is passive, active, or a combination of both. Left ventricular internal diameter along the minor axis and thickness of the LV free wall were measured with ultrasonic dimension gauges. Pressures in the LV, left atrium (LA), and aorta were measured with catheter-tip micromanometers. Pressure in the LV during the rapid filling phase of diastole decreased from 13 +/- 1 mm Hg to 3 +/- 0.4 mm Hg (mean +/- SE). During this period, LV internal diameter increased from 32.6 +/- 1.5 to 36.7 +/- 1.5 mm, and this represented 49% of the total change of LV diameter that occurred during diastole. The pressure-diameter relation that we observed during the rapid phase of filling suggests that active enlargement rather than passive distension of the left ventricle occurred. Reduction of pressure within the left ventricle during rapid filling, while the ventricular diameter increased, appears to be due to forces within the LV wall that act to restore the LV to its diastolic dimensions. This allows the LV to draw blood from the atrium by creating a pressure in the LV that is lower than in the LA. On the other hand, during the latter part of diastole, following atrial contraction, the pressure-diameter relation suggests that the left ventricle undergoes passive distention.
Inhibition of NR2B-Containing N-methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors (NMDARs) in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, a Model of Multiple Sclerosis. (2014)

Neurodegeneration is the pathophysiological basis for permanent neurological disabilities in multiple sclerosis (MS); thus neuroprotection is emerging as a therapeutic approach in MS research. Modulation of excitotoxicity by inhibition of NMDARs has been suggested for neuroprotection, but selective antagonisation of the NR2B subtype of these receptors, a subtype believed to play a more pivotal role in neurodegeneration, has not been tested in MS. In this study inhibition of NR2B-containing NMDAR was evaluated on the animal model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). EAE induction was done using MOG in C57BL/6 mice. Therapeutic administration of different doses of highly selective NR2B-containing NMDAR inhibitor (RO25-6981) was compared with memantine (non-selective NMDAR antagonist) and vehicle. Neurological deficits in EAE animals were more efficiently decreased by selective inhibition of NR2B-containing NMDARs. Histological studies of the spinal cords also showed decreased inflammation, myelin degradation and neuro-axonal degeneration when RO25-6981was administered with higher doses. The effects were dose dependent. Regarding the role of NR2B-containing NMDARs in excitotoxicity, selective inhibition of these receptor subtypes seems to modulate the neurological disabilities and pathological changes in EAE. Further elucidation of the exact mechanism of action as well as more experimental studies can suggest NR2B-containing NMDAR inhibition as a potentially effective treatment strategy for slowing down the clinical deterioration of disability in MS.
The oldest fungicide and newest phytoalexin – a reappraisal of the fungitoxicity of elemental sulphur (2004)

Elemental sulphur (S 0 ) is man's oldest fungicide. In biological systems it is formed by certain specialized prokaryotes but the element has rarely been found in eukaryotes. The recent discovery that certain plant species from diverse families produce S 0 as a localized component of active defence to vascular pathogens, and that S 0 is constitutive in some crucifers, led to this review. Because of the age and relative inaccessibility of some of the past literature and the inconsistency in the methods used, the spectrum of activity and the toxicity of S 0 are reassessed here. Interpretation of bioassays of this and other hydrophobic compounds are offered. Also, brief coverage is given to the history of S 0 use and its suggested mode(s) of action. The element's possible role in defence and the form, location and levels in planta are considered. Sulphur is one of many S‐containing defence‐related compounds and it is ironic that sulphur deficiency has recently become a widespread nutrient disorder in crops, largely due to restrictions on fossil fuel burning. The problem is being addressed by sulphur application, but the future manipulation of genes for sulphate uptake and sulphur biosynthesis are likely goals.
Editorial: The First Three Years (2002)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTEditorial: The First Three YearsAmos B. SmithView Author Information Editor-in-Chief December 15, 2001Cite this: Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 1, 1Publication Date (Web):January 3, 2002Publication History Published online3 January 2002Published inissue 1 January 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ol017190ihttps://doi.org/10.1021/ol017190ieditorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views483Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (9 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Biomaterials,Organic chemistry,Spectroscopy Get e-Alerts
Inexpensive and disposable copper mini-sensor modified with bismuth for lead and cadmium determination using square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry (2012)

The fabrication and evaluation of a disposable copper mini-sensor ex situ modified bismuth film for the sensing of lead(II) and cadmium(II) via square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) technique is presented. The sensor was ex situ modified with a bismuth film via electro-deposition through applying a potential of −0.18 V vs. Ag/AgCl (3.0 mol L−1 KCl) for 200 seconds in a 0.02 mol L−1 Bi(NO3)3, 0.15 mol L−1 sodium citrate in 1.5 mol L−1 HCl solution. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the voltammetric response was linearly dependent on the analyte concentrations over the range from 1.3 × 10−6 to 1.3 × 10−5 mol L−1 and from 9.9 × 10−7 to 1.2 × 10−5 mol L−1 with a limit of detection of 8.3 × 10−7 mol L−1 and 5.3 × 10−7 mol L−1 for Pb(II) and Cd(II), respectively. The determination of both toxic metallic species was carried out in natural waters using the sensor obtaining results which are in close agreement with those obtained using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry at a 95% confidence level.
Microvascular heparin-like species with anticoagulant activity (1983)

Calf microvasculature was isolated from retina and cerebral gray matter. These preparations contained 0.048-0.060 U of heparin-like anticoagulant activity per gram of wet tissue. The retinal microvascular material contained no detectable mast cells. The anticoagulant potency of this product was associated solely with endothelial cells. This property appears to be due to a heparinlike proteoglycan since molecular species with biologic activity are precipitated with 10% (wt/vol) trichloroacetic acid and are destroyed by incubation with Flavobacterium heparinase. Furthermore, the above component functions in a manner virtually identical to heparin since approximately 60% of these species with anticoagulant activity bind to antithrombin-concanavalin A-Sepharose 4B, and only 15% of their biologic potency is expressed in the presence of antithrombin modified near the mucopolysaccharide binding domain. The cerebral microvascular tissue contained a trace subpopulation of mast cells (approximately 0.3%). The anticoagulant activity of this preparation is most probably associated with both endothelial cells and mast cells. However, complete separation of these two cellular elements has proven difficult with current methodology.
REAL TIME DATA MANAGEMENT FOR ESTIMATING PROBABILITIES OF INCIDENTS AND NEAR MISSES (2011)

Abstract. Advances in real-time data collection, data storage and computational systems have led to development of algorithms for transport administrators and engineers that improve traffic safety and reduce cost of road operations. Despite these advances, problems in effectively integrating real-time data acquisition, processing, modelling and road-use strategies at complex intersections and motorways remain. These are related to increasing system performance in identification, analysis, detection and prediction of traffic state in real time. This research develops dynamic models to estimate the probability of road incidents, such as crashes and conflicts, and incident-prone conditions based on real-time data. The models support integration of anticipatory information and fee-based road use strategies in traveller information and management. Development includes macroscopic/microscopic probabilistic models, neural networks, and vector autoregressions tested via machine vision at EU and US sites.
Enhanced access to the human phosphoproteome with genetically encoded phosphothreonine (2022)

Protein phosphorylation is a ubiquitous post-translational modification used to regulate cellular processes and proteome architecture by modulating protein-protein interactions. The identification of phosphorylation events through proteomic surveillance has dramatically outpaced our capacity for functional assignment using traditional strategies, which often require knowledge of the upstream kinase a priori. The development of phospho-amino-acid-specific orthogonal translation systems, evolutionarily divergent aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase and tRNA pairs that enable co-translational insertion of a phospho-amino acids, has rapidly improved our ability to assess the physiological function of phosphorylation by providing kinase-independent methods of phosphoprotein production. Despite this utility, broad deployment has been hindered by technical limitations and an inability to reconstruct complex phopho-regulatory networks. Here, we address these challenges by optimizing genetically encoded phosphothreonine translation to characterize phospho-dependent kinase activation mechanisms and, subsequently, develop a multi-level protein interaction platform to directly assess the overlap of kinase and phospho-binding protein substrate networks with phosphosite-level resolution.
Molecular Cloning of Single-stranded RNAs of Potato Leafroll Virus and Beet Western Yellows Virus (1988)

Summary Complementary DNA libraries were synthesized using the genomic RNAs of potato leafroll virus (PLRV) and beet western yellows virus (BWYV), by random as well as oligo(dT) priming of polyadenylated RNA, and cloned into pBR322. Two restriction endonuclease maps were constructed, extending to 6·1 kbp and 5·5 kbp for the PLRV and BWYV genomes respectively. The 3′ ends of genomic RNAs were verified by sequence analysis of oligo(dT)-primed clones; 5′-terminal sequences of PLRV and BWYV were not detected among the cDNA fragments mapped. Selected clones were used to demonstrate specific virus detection in total nucleic acid preparations of PLRV- or BWYV-infected Physalis floridana Rydb. One PLRV-derived clone showed cross-hybridization with purified BWYV RNA.
Differentiating Upper from Lower Airway Compromise in Neonates (1985)

Technologic advancements and improvements in supportive care have resulted in increased survival of very low birth weight and premature infants. With salvage of these high risk newborns, many difficult management problems arise. Respiratory distress of the newborn is the most common airway problem that affects these patients and subglottic edema or stenosis may frequently complicate management of the airway. Decision-making in airway maintenance and respiratory care can be problematic due to multiple factors that must be considered. The otolaryngologist is often consulted when upper airway obstruction is suspected. Relevant respiratory physiology is reviewed in order to help direct therapeutic decision-making. Parameters of assessment are enumerated and methods for choosing among therapeutic alternatives are presented. A paradigm to aid in differential diagnosis is described.
Characterization of three-dimensional cancer cell migration in mixed collagen-Matrigel scaffolds using microfluidics and image analysis (2017)

Microfluidic devices are becoming mainstream tools to recapitulate in vitro the behavior of cells and tissues. In this study, we use microfluidic devices filled with hydrogels of mixed collagen-Matrigel composition to study the migration of lung cancer cells under different cancer invasion microenvironments. We present the design of the microfluidic device, characterize the hydrogels morphologically and mechanically and use quantitative image analysis to measure the migration of H1299 lung adenocarcinoma cancer cells in different experimental conditions. Our results show the plasticity of lung cancer cell migration, which turns from mesenchymal in collagen only matrices, to lobopodial in collagen-Matrigel matrices that approximate the interface between a disrupted basement membrane and the underlying connective tissue. Our quantification of migration speed confirms a biphasic role of Matrigel. At low concentration, Matrigel facilitates migration, most probably by providing a supportive and growth factor retaining environment. At high concentration, Matrigel slows down migration, possibly due excessive attachment. Finally, we show that antibody-based integrin blockade promotes a change in migration phenotype from mesenchymal or lobopodial to amoeboid and analyze the effect of this change in migration dynamics, in regards to the structure of the matrix. In summary, we describe and characterize a robust microfluidic platform and a set of software tools that can be used to study lung cancer cell migration under different microenvironments and experimental conditions. This platform could be used in future studies, thus benefitting from the advantages introduced by microfluidic devices: precise control of the environment, excellent optical properties, parallelization for high throughput studies and efficient use of therapeutic drugs.
Polygenic Risk Modelling for Prediction of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk (2020)

Abstract Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have the potential to improve risk stratification. Joint estimation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) effects in models could improve predictive performance over standard approaches of PRS construction. Here, we implemented computationally-efficient, penalized, logistic regression models (lasso, elastic net, stepwise) to individual level genotype data and a Bayesian framework with continuous shrinkage, “select and shrink for summary statistics” (S4), to summary level data for epithelial non-mucinous ovarian cancer risk prediction. We developed the models in a dataset consisting of 23,564 non-mucinous EOC cases and 40,138 controls participating in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC) and validated the best models in three populations of different ancestries: prospective data from 198,101 women of European ancestry; 7,669 women of East Asian ancestry; 1,072 women of African ancestry, and in 18,915 BRCA1 and 12,337 BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers of European ancestry. In the external validation data, the model with the strongest association for non-mucinous EOC risk derived from the OCAC model development data was the S4 model (27,240 SNPs) with odds ratios (OR) of 1.38(95%CI:1.28–1.48,AUC:0.588) per unit standard deviation, in women of European ancestry; 1.14(95%CI:1.08–1.19,AUC:0.538) in women of East Asian ancestry; 1.38(95%CI:1.21-1.58,AUC:0.593) in women of African ancestry; hazard ratios of 1.37(95%CI:1.30–1.44,AUC:0.592) in BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers and 1.51(95%CI:1.36-1.67,AUC:0.624) in BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers. Incorporation of the S4 PRS in risk prediction models for ovarian cancer may have clinical utility in ovarian cancer prevention programs.
Analysis of electron confinement by a periodic semiconductor structure (1993)

The use of a periodic quantum-well heterostructure as cladding layer in semiconductor laser structures based on AlxGa1–xAs/GaAs and GaxIn1–xAsyP1–y/InP is analyzed theoretically. The dependence of the reflection coefficient for electron waves on the electron energy is calculated. The dependence of the leakage current density of electrons injected into the active region on the electron concentration is also calculated. Parameters are found for the superlattice which raise the height of the effective potential barrier by more than 100% and which lower the leakage current density of electrons injected into the active region by more than three orders of magnitude. It is concluded that such heterostructures can be used as cladding layers for semiconductor lasers operating at high temperatures or at short wavelengths.
The Broadvoice Speech Coding Algorithm (2007)

This paper describes the BroadVoice® speech coding algorithm, which has been standardized as PacketCable™, SCTE®, and ANSI standards for VoIP cable telephony. The BroadVoice family of codecs includes a 16 kb/s BroadVoice 16 narrowband codec and a 32 kb/s BroadVoice32 wideband codec. BroadVoice is based on two-stage noise feedback coding with vector quantization of excitation and is optimized for low delay, low complexity, and high quality. It has an algorithmic delay of merely 5 ms and a complexity of only 12 and 17 MIPS for BroadVoice16 and BroadVoice32, respectively. The speech quality of BroadVoice16 is better than that of G.728, G.729, and 32 kb/s G.726. The speech quality of BroadVoice32 is better than that of 64 kb/s G.722.
Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair Without Ring Annuloplasty for Acute Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation (2003)

Alfieri repair did not prevent acute IMR nor alter ischemic valvular or subvalvular geometric perturbations. Adjunct surgical procedures, such as ring annuloplasty, are also necessary.
Tailored Polymeric Materials for Controlled Delivery Systems (1998)

As a topic of considerable contemporary interest, cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis is briefly reviewed and its relevance to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been highlighted. Traditional therapies for halting the progression of CMV retinitis, which culminates in loss of eyesight, are outlined, and limitations to these therapies are analyzed. The local route for controlled drug delivery through intravitreal application is advocated as the choice strategy. Among the intravitreal controlled release systems that show some promise are (a) non-absorbable implants for administering ganciclovir; and (b) intravitreal liposomal formulations of antiviral agents. The latter approach was cited among the emerging trends along with the use of minimally invasive injectable gel-forming liquids for the controlled release of highly potent, but considerably toxic drugs such as cidofovir.
Low Citrate Synthase Activity Is Associated with Glucose Intolerance and Lipotoxicity (2019)

Citrate synthase (CS) is a key mitochondrial enzyme. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that low CS activity impairs the metabolic health of mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) and promotes palmitate-induced lipotoxicity in muscle cells. C57BL/6J (B6) mice and congenic B6.A-(rs3676616-D10Utsw1)/KjnB6 (B6.A), a strain which carries the A/J allele of CS on the B6 strain background, were fed HFD (45% kcal from fat) for 12 weeks. C2C12 mouse muscle cells were used to investigate effects of CS knockdown on cell viability and signalling after incubation in 0.8 mM palmitate. CS activity, but not that of <i>β</i>-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme-A dehydrogenase was lower in the gastrocnemius muscle and heart of B6.A mice compared to B6 mice (<i>P</i> < 0.001). During HFD feeding, glucose tolerance of mice decreased progressively and to a greater extent in B6.A females compared to B6 females, with males showing a similar trend. Body weight and fat gain did not differ between B6.A and B6 mice. After an 18 h incubation in 0.8 mM palmitate C2C12 muscle cells with ∼50% shRNA mediated reduction in CS activity showed lower (<i>P</i> < 0.001) viability and increased (<i>P</i> < 0.001) levels of cleaved caspase-3 compared to the scramble shRNA treated C2C12 cells. A/J strain variant of CS is associated with low enzyme activity and impaired metabolic health. This could be due to impaired lipid metabolism in muscle cells.
Operational challenges for low and high temperature electrolyzers exploiting curtailed wind energy for hydrogen production (2021)

Understanding the system performance of different electrolyzers could aid potential investors achieve maximum return on their investment. To realize this, system response characteristics to 4 different summarized data sets of curtailed renewable energy is obtained from the Irish network and was investigated using models of both a Low Temperature Electrolyzer (LTE) and a High Temperature Electrolyzer (HTE). The results indicate that statistical parameters intrinsic to the method of data extraction along with the thermal response time of the electrolyzers influence the hydrogen output. A maximum hydrogen production of 5.97 kTonne/year is generated by a 0.5 MW HTE when the electrical current is sent as a yearly average. Additionally, the high thermal response time in a HTE causes a maximum change in the overall flowrate of 65.7% between the 4 scenarios, when compared to 7.7% in the LTE. This evaluation of electrolyzer performance will aid investors in determining scenario specific application of P2G for maximizing hydrogen production.