gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Salt Bridges Regulate Both Dimer Formation and Monomeric Flexibility in HdeB and May Have a Role in Periplasmic Chaperone Function (2011)

Escherichia coli and Gram-negative bacteria that live in the human gut must be able to tolerate rapid and large changes in environmental pH. Low pH irreversibly denatures and precipitates many bacterial proteins. While cytoplasmic proteins are well buffered against such swings, periplasmic proteins are not. Instead, it appears that some bacteria utilize chaperone proteins that stabilize periplasmic proteins, preventing their precipitation. Two highly expressed and related proteins, HdeA and HdeB, have been identified as acid-activated chaperones. The structure of HdeA is known and a mechanism for activation has been proposed. In this model, dimeric HdeA dissociates at low pH, and the exposed dimeric interface binds exposed hydrophobic surfaces of acid-denatured proteins, preventing their irreversible aggregation. We now report the structure and biophysical characterization of the HdeB protein. The monomer of HdeB shares a similar structure with HdeA, but its dimeric interface is different in composition and spatial location. We have used fluorescence to study the behavior of HdeB as pH is lowered, and like HdeA, it dissociates to monomers. We have identified one of the key intersubunit interactions that controls pH-induced monomerization. Our analysis identifies a structural interaction within the HdeB monomer that is disrupted as pH is lowered, leading to enhanced structural flexibility.
Tunable Circular Polarization Detection and Full Stokes Measurement Structure (2021)

Measuring the polarization state of light is an inherent problem, especially for the detection of circularly polarized light. We propose a metasurface structure based on graphene to investigate the circular polarization detection function in the THz regime by using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. The proposed graphene metasurface consists of a layer of graphene arrays, a polymer dielectric spacer, and a layer of graphene bands. By adjusting the Fermi energy, the structure can realize tunable polarization detection functions. On this basis, we combine tunable filters with different angles into the structure to achieve full Stokes parameter measurement. The simulation results show that the structure's working band can be tuned in the range of 25.88 μm-28.68 μm. The structure we designed helps to develop a tunable and integrated polarization detection method.
Nonoverlapping roles of PD-1 and FoxP3 in maintaining immune tolerance in a novel autoimmune pancreatitis mouse model (2016)

PD-1 (programmed-death 1), an immune-inhibitory receptor required for immune self-tolerance whose deficiency causes autoimmunity with variable severity and tissue specificity depending on other genetic factors, is expressed on activated T cells, including the transcription factor FoxP3(+) Treg cells known to play critical roles in maintaining immune tolerance. However, whether PD-1 expression by the Treg cells is required for their immune regulatory function, especially in autoimmune settings, is still unclear. We found that mice with partial FoxP3 insufficiency developed early-onset lympho-proliferation and lethal autoimmune pancreatitis only when PD-1 is absent. The autoimmune phenotype was rescued by the transfer of FoxP3-sufficient T cells, regardless of whether they were derived from WT or PD-1-deficient mice, indicating that Treg cells dominantly protect against development of spontaneous autoimmunity without intrinsic expression of PD-1. The absence of PD-1 combined with partial FoxP3 insufficiency, however, led to generation of ex-FoxP3 T cells with proinflammatory properties and expansion of effector/memory T cells that contributed to the autoimmune destruction of target tissues. Altogether, the results suggest that PD-1 and FoxP3 work collaboratively in maintaining immune tolerance mostly through nonoverlapping pathways. Thus, PD-1 is modulating the activation threshold and maintaining the balance between regulatory and effector T cells, whereas FoxP3 is sufficient for dominant regulation through maintaining the integrity of the Treg function. We suggest that genetic or environmental factors that even moderately affect the expression of both PD-1 and FoxP3 can cause life-threatening autoimmune diseases by disrupting the T-cell homeostasis.
Time Resolved Measurements of Industrial Pulse-Cleaned Cartridge Dust Collectors (1986)

An optical particle counting system has been developed for testing industrial pulse-cleaned cartridge dust collectors. The system is applied to measure fractional penetration of a full scale dust collector and to study its short term and long term dynamic behavior. Results show collector efficiencies for dust loadings of 23 g/m3 exceeding 99.999% over the particle size range from 0.5 to 10 μm, with a minimum fractional penetration occurring at approximately 2 μm. The measurement system is shown to be capable of providing particle size and/or concentration measurements on time scales, ranging from 100 ms to many hours. Phenomena from details of individual cleaning pulses to overall collector life and efficiency are demonstrated.
Preliminary 7X and VN Results on Red Storm. (2007)

Abstract not provided.
The Meniscus-Deficient Knee (2015)

Meniscal tears are the most common knee injury, and partial meniscectomies are the most common orthopaedic surgical procedure. The injured meniscus has an impaired ability to distribute load and resist tibial translation. Partial or complete loss of the meniscus promotes early development of chondromalacia and osteoarthritis. The primary goal of treatment for meniscus-deficient knees is to provide symptomatic relief, ideally to delay advanced joint space narrowing, and ultimately, joint replacement. Surgical treatments, including meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT), high tibial osteotomy (HTO), and distal femoral osteotomy (DFO), are options that attempt to decrease the loads on the articular cartilage of the meniscus-deficient compartment by replacing meniscal tissue or altering joint alignment. Clinical and biomechanical studies have reported promising outcomes for MAT, HTO, and DFO in the postmeniscectomized knee. These procedures can be performed alone or in conjunction with ligament reconstruction or chondral procedures (reparative, restorative, or reconstructive) to optimize stability and longevity of the knee. Complications can include fracture, nonunion, patella baja, compartment syndrome, infection, and deep venous thrombosis. MAT, HTO, and DFO are effective options for young patients suffering from pain and functional limitations secondary to meniscal deficiency.
Coherent optical-scene generator (1993)

Generating optical scenes of moving objects for simulating purposes has a wide range of applications.
Earning, Appropriating, Concealing, and Denying the Identity of Folklorist (1991)

Robert A. Georges, Earning, Appropriating, Concealing, and Denying the Identity of Folklorist, Western Folklore, Vol. 50, No. 1, Taking Stock: Current Problems and Future: Prospects in American Folklore Studies (Jan., 1991), pp. 3-12
Fat Taste Sensitivity Is Associated with Short-Term and Habitual Fat Intake (2017)

Evidence suggests individuals less sensitive to fat taste (high fat taste thresholds (FTT)) may be overweight or obese and consume greater amounts of dietary fat than more sensitive individuals. The aims of this study were to assess associations between FTT, anthropometric measurements, fat intake, and liking of fatty foods. FTT was assessed in 69 Australian females (mean age 41.3 (15.6) (SD) years and mean body mass index 26.3 (5.7) kg/m²) by a 3-alternate forced choice methodology and transformed to an ordinal scale (FT rank). Food liking was assessed by hedonic ratings of high-fat and reduced-fat foods, and a 24-h food recall and food frequency questionnaire was completed. Linear mixed regression models were fitted. FT rank was associated with dietary % energy from fat ( β ^ = 0.110 [95% CI: 0.003, 0.216]), % energy from carbohydrate ( β ^ = -0.112 [-0.188, -0.035]), and frequency of consumption of foods per day from food groups: high-fat dairy ( β ^ = 1.091 [0.106, 2.242]), meat &amp; meat alternatives ( β ^ = 0.669 [0.168, 1.170]), and grain &amp; cereals ( β ^ = 0.771 [0.212, 1.329]) (adjusted for energy and age). There were no associations between FT rank and anthropometric measurements or hedonic ratings. Therefore, fat taste sensitivity appears to be associated with short-term fat intake, but not body size in this group of females.
N-Succinyl-(β-alanyl-l-leucyl-l-alanyl-l-leucyl)doxorubicin:  An Extracellularly Tumor-Activated Prodrug Devoid of Intravenous Acute Toxicity (2001)

Intravenous administration of N-(beta-alanyl-L-leucyl-L-alanyl-L-leucyl)doxorubicin (4) induces an acute toxic reaction, killing animals in a few minutes. This results from its positive charge at physiological pH combined with its propensity to form large aggregates in aqueous solutions. Negatively charged N-capped versions of 4 such as the succinyl derivative 5 can be administered by the iv route at more than 10 times the LD(50) of doxorubicin without inducing the acute toxic reaction, and they are active in vivo.
Chapitre 2. Analyser les usages : 12 techniques de base (2016)

Le pivot pour créer du plaisir et de l’engagement chez les utilisateurs est d’étudier quels sont leurs besoins, leurs préférences, leurs espoirs et leurs rêves. On ne peut y parvenir qu’en mettant en œuvre des enquêtes systématiques et cohérentes sur les usages et les usagers. Vous trouverez dans ce chapitre plusieurs techniques classiques : à l’inverse de la plupart des ouvrages sur l’UX, le Design UX ou l’utilisabilité, celui que vous avez entre les mains n’est pas organisé e
Heuristics for Scenario Creation to Enable General Loop Transformations (2007)

Embedded system applications can have quite complex control flow graphs (CFGs). Often their control flow prohibits design time optimizations, like advanced global loop transformations. To solve this problem, and enable far more global optimizations, we could consider paths of the CFG in isolation. However coding all paths separately would cause a tremendous code copying. In practice we have to trade-off the extra optimization opportunities vs. the code size. To make this trade-off, in this paper we use so-called system scenarios. These scenarios bundle similar control paths, while still allowing sufficient optimizations. The problem treated in this paper is: what are the right scenarios; i.e., which paths should be grouped together. For complex CFGs the number of possible scenarios (ways of grouping CFG paths) is huge; it grows exponentially with the number of CFG paths. Therefore heuristics are needed to quickly discover reasonable groupings. The main contribution of this paper is that we propose and evaluate three of these heuristics on both synthetic benchmarks and on a real-life application.
A randomized pilot study comparing graft-first to fistula-first strategies in older patients with incident end-stage kidney disease: Clinical rationale and study design (2019)

Timely placement of an arteriovenous (AV) vascular access (native AV fistula [AVF] or prosthetic AV graft [AVG]) is necessary to limit the use of tunneled central venous catheters (TCVC) in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) treated with hemodialysis (HD). National guidelines recommend placement of AVF as the AV access of first choice in all patients to improve patient survival. The benefits of AVF over AVG are less certain in the older adults, as age-related biological changes independently modulate patient outcomes. This manuscript describes the rationale, study design and protocol for a randomized controlled pilot study of the feasibility and effects of AVG-first access placement in older adults with no prior AV access surgery. Fifty patients age ≥65 years, with incident ESKD on HD via TCVC or advanced kidney disease facing imminent HD initiation, and suitable upper extremity vasculature for initial placement of an AVF or AVG, will be randomly assigned to receive either an upper extremity AVG-first (intervention) or AVF-first (comparator) access. The study will establish feasibility of randomizing older adults to the two types of AV access surgery, evaluate relationships between measurements of preoperative physical function and vascular access development, compare vascular access outcomes between groups, and gather longitudinal assessments of upper extremity muscle strength, gait speed, performance of activities of daily living, and patient satisfaction with their vascular access and quality of life. Results will assist with the planning of a larger, multicenter trial assessing patient-centered outcomes.
SIMULTANEOUS OBSERVATION OF A HOT EXPLOSION BY NST AND IRIS (2015)

We present the first simultaneous observations of so-called "hot explosions" in the cool atmosphere of the Sun made by the New Solar Telescope (NST) of Big Bear Solar Observatory and the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) in space. The data were obtained during the joint IRIS-NST observations on 2014 July 30. The explosion of interest started around 19:20 UT and lasted for about 10 minutes. Our findings are as follows: (1) the IRIS brightening was observed in three channels of slit-jaw images, which cover the temperature range from 4000 to 80,000 K; (2) during the brightening, the Si iv emission profile showed a double-peaked shape with highly blue and redshifted components ( and 80 km s−1); (3) wing brightening occurred in Hα and Ca ii 8542 Å bands and related surges were observed in both bands of the NST Fast Imaging Solar Spectrograph (FISS) instrument; (4) the elongated granule, seen in NST TiO data, is clear evidence of the emergence of positive flux to trigger the hot explosion; (5) the brightening in Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly 1600 Å images is quite consistent with the IRIS brightening. These observations suggest that our event is a hot explosion that occurred in the cool atmosphere of the Sun. In addition, our event appeared as an Ellerman bomb (EB) in the wing of Hα, although its intensity is weak and the vertical extent of the brightening seems to be relatively high compared with the typical EBs.
Disease Resistance Gene Analogs (RGAs) in Plants (2015)

Plants have developed effective mechanisms to recognize and respond to infections caused by pathogens. Plant resistance gene analogs (RGAs), as resistance (R) gene candidates, have conserved domains and motifs that play specific roles in pathogens' resistance. Well-known RGAs are nucleotide binding site leucine rich repeats, receptor like kinases, and receptor like proteins. Others include pentatricopeptide repeats and apoplastic peroxidases. RGAs can be detected using bioinformatics tools based on their conserved structural features. Thousands of RGAs have been identified from sequenced plant genomes. High-density genome-wide RGA genetic maps are useful for designing diagnostic markers and identifying quantitative trait loci (QTL) or markers associated with plant disease resistance. This review focuses on recent advances in structures and mechanisms of RGAs, and their identification from sequenced genomes using bioinformatics tools. Applications in enhancing fine mapping and cloning of plant disease resistance genes are also discussed.
Supplementary Table S1 from Potentiation of antileukemic therapies by Smac mimetic, LBW242: effects on mutant FLT3-expressing cells (2023)

Supplementary Table S1 from Potentiation of antileukemic therapies by Smac mimetic, LBW242: effects on mutant FLT3-expressing cells
Poison Control Center Foodborne Illness Surveillance (2008)

Foodborne illnesses continue to have a negative impact on the nation's health, accounting annually for an estimated 76 million illnesses, 325,000 hospitalizations, and 5,000 deaths in the United States. Syndromic surveillance systems that analyze pre-diagnostic data, such as pharmaceutical sales data are being used to monitor diarrheal disease. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of a poison control center (PCC) data collection and triage system for early detection of increases in foodborne illnesses.Data on calls to the Arizona Poison and Drug Information Center (APDIC) reporting suspected foodborne illnesses, and Pima County Health Department (PCHD) enteric illness reports were obtained for July 1, 2002 - June 30, 2007. Prediction algorithms were constructed using the first two and a half years, and validated in the remaining two and a half years. Multiple outcomes were assessed using unadjusted and adjusted raw counts, five and seven day moving averages, and exponentially weighted moving averages. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate model performance. Increases in PCHD laboratory reports of enteric illnesses were used as a proxy measure for foodborne disease outbreaks.Over the five year study period there were 1,094 APDIC calls reporting suspected foodborne illnesses, and 2,433 PCHD enteric illness cases. Seventy-five percent of cases were reported to PCHD within 23 days of symptom onset. In contrast, 62% of callers contacted APDIC within 24 hours of symptom onset. Forty percent of PCHD cases were missing symptom onset dates, which necessitated constructing and validating predictive algorithms using only those PCHD cases with known symptom onset dates.None of the prediction models performed at sensitivity levels considered acceptable by public health department standards. However, it is possible that a temporal relationship actually exists, but data quality (lack of outbreak dates, and missing symptom onset dates) may have prevented its detection. The study suggests that current surveillance by PCCs is insufficient as a univariate model for syndromic surveillance of diarrheal illness because of low caller volume reporting suspected foodborne illnesses; this can be improved. Methods were discussed to utilize PCCs for active surveillance of foodborne illnesses that are of public health significance.
COMMUNICATION MODULES IN BACTERIAL SIGNALING PROTEINS (1992)

Orthologs and paralogs are two fundamentally different types of homologous genes that evolved, respectively, by vertical descent from a single ancestral gene and by duplication. Orthology and paralogy are key concepts of evolutionary genomics. A ...Read More
Determination of 5-Fluorouracil in Human Plasma by High-Pressure Ion-Exchange Chromatography (1980)

A method has been developed for the measurement of 5-fluorouracil by isocratic high-pressure ion-exchange liquid chromatography. Chlorpheniramine was added to the standards and samples before extraction with 16% isopropanol in ethyl acetate. The extracts were then chromatographed using a mobile phase of 0.014 mol/l ammonium dihydrogen phosphate buffer, pH 3.5, at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Ultraviolet detection at 266 nm was used, and quantitation was by measurement of the peak height ratios of 5-fluorouracil to chlorpheniramine.
Imaging of intravitreal injected solution dispersion (2015)

Purpose The extent of activity of an intravitreal injected drug is linked to its dispersion within the vitreous body. Researchers have been trying to visualize dispersion of intravitreal injected solutions using Indian ink or fluorescein, either with subsequent dissection or with endoillumination, both invasive methods that could influence the dispersion pattern. Therefore, this pilot study aims at investigating and identifying the best minimal invasive imaging method for visualizing the dispersion of an intravitreal injected solution. Methods To determine the optimal imaging concentration, a series of 5 enucleated porcine eyes were injected with 0.1 cc of 100%, 50%, 25%, 20% and 10% standard iodium contrast medium, respectively. Injections were made using a standard 1 cc syringe and 30 gauge needle at 3.5 mm from the limbus aiming at the center of the globe. Subsequently, the dispersion of the contrast agent was monitored using high resolution imaging methods: mammography and ultra high resolution computed tomography ( UHRCT ). For the latter, 3D reconstructions were rendered. Results A 1:10 dilution mixture combined optimal visualization contrast with low viscosity of the injection solution using radiographic ultrahigh resolution mammography. Both mammography and UHRCT images were taken from two eyes; one with a slow injection, the other with a fast injection. Conclusions 3D reconstructed UHRCT images were favored over 2D mammography images for dynamic imaging of the intravitreal solution dispersion.
Diferencias de género en bienestar y malestar emocional: evidencias contradictorias (2004)

Existe amplia evidencia respecto a que las mujeres informan experimentar mas estados emocionales negativos en comparacion a los hombres. Paradojicamente, en diversos estudios, las mujeres tambien informan experimentar mas bienestar, emociones positivas y satisfaccion con la vida que los hombres. Se han desarrollado pocos esfuerzos explicativos de estos hallazgos aparentemente contradictorios, con excepcion de la hipotesis que plantea que las mujeres tendrian una mayor intensidad emocional. Sin embargo, no es claro hasta donde ello es un fenomeno real o un artefacto derivado de la mayor tendencia de las mujeres a expresar verbal y no verbalmente sus emociones
Design and implement of network billing system (2004)

According to the requirement of network technologies, billing system is more and more important in the network operation system. In this paper we designed a three layer infrastructure from the objective of network billing system, and define the function of every layer. Then we discussed the method and implement of each module in this system, from authentication to accounting, and more detailed access mode, data collection methods, data manipulation, etc. At last, we present a total solution of network integrative billing system. This system is operating in many MANs.
Camelina sativa: A Potential Oilseed Crop for Biofuels and Genetically Engineered Products (2008)

Camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crtz.] is an ancient crop belonging to the Brassicaceae family. It has been cultivated for oil production since prehistoric times, and it was extensively grown in Europe in the 19th century. However, Camelina fell into disfavor when more productive crops such as wheat and rapeseed began to be produced, and camelina production gradually declined and almost vanished after World War II. It became a common weed in Europe known as false flax (contaminating flax fields) and by its Roman name, Gold-of-Pleasure. The recent interests in camelina are inspired by its unique oil composition. About 90 % of fatty acids in camelina oil is unsaturated. The nutritionally essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid, 18:2n-6 and α-linolenic acid, 18:3n-3) constitute over 50 % of total fatty acids, and linolenic acid is the most predominant fatty acid (35-40%). Therefore camelina oil has great potential as an excellent source of omega-3 fatty acids1, which have been recommended in the diet to achieve essentiality and cardiovascular benefits. Non-food uses of camelina oil have also been exploited for the production of soaps, varnishes, and cosmetics2, 3. Because camelina has lower fertilizer and pesticide requirements, the production cost is substantially lower than many other oil crops such as rapeseed, corn, and soybean; therefore camelina is an attractive potential crop for biodiesel and many other industrial applications2. Currently, the lack of a clear utilization pattern of camelina oil limits its uses and large-scale production despite its adaptation to a wide range of climates2. Camelina oil contains about 15 % eicosenoic acid (20:1), which is unique among