gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance Comparison of Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) against Air Source Heat Pump (ASHP) for Domestic Applications: A case study in Perth, Australia (2021)

The goal of this research is to evaluate the efficacy and practicality of installing a ground source heat pump (GSHP) with an air source heat pump (ASHP) in a residential setting. The results of this comparison were obtained by monitoring each of the systems in two almost identical residences in Perth, Western Australia. There is an open-loop groundwater system in the previous home. Each residence has one family whose air conditioning system has its own set of operational needs. The cooling capacity supplied and coefficient of performance (COP) as a function of seasonal changes in ambient temperatures were determined using data gathered from both residences over a two-year period. For both heating and cooling, the GSHP system COP was found to be greater than that of the ASHP system. Furthermore, these two performance measures were independent of ambient circumstances in the former, but they exhibit a noticeable ambient dependent trend in the latter. The GSHP had an average COP of 4.0 for heating, regardless of external conditions, while the ASHP COP ranged from 2.0 to 3.0. Conversely, the GSHP had an average COP of 3.2 for cooling, whereas the ASHP COP ranged from 1.4 to 2.9. It is found that GSHPs result in significant operational cost reductions and a significant decrease in greenhouse gas emissions when a borewell is part of a home.
Mimir: Finding Cost-efficient Storage Configurations in the Public Cloud (2023)

Public cloud providers offer a diverse collection of storage types and configurations with different costs and performance SLAs. As a consequence, it is difficult to select the most cost-efficient allocations for storage backends, while satisfying a given workload's performance requirements, when moving data-heavy applications to the cloud. We present Mimir, a tool for automatically finding a cost-efficient virtual storage cluster configuration for a customer's storage workload and performance requirements. Importantly, Mimir considers all block storage types and configurations, and even heterogeneous mixes of them. In our experiments, compared to state-of-the-art approaches that consider only one storage type, Mimir finds configurations that reduce cost by up to 81% for real-application-based key-value store workloads.
Low-Power ASIC for Microwatt Electrostatic Energy Harvesters (2012)

This paper presents a technique for enhancing the power output from vibration-based charge-constrained electrostatic energy harvesters (EEHs). Starting from a diode-based charge pump and a buck converter stage with an inductive energy flyback scheme, a novel controller integrated circuit is proposed to monitor and control the charging/discharging events of the electrostatic converter. The fundamental challenges of designing self-powered event-synchronization circuits for charge-constrained EEHs are addressed. Synchronous energy conversion is accomplished with minimal power dissipation without the complexity of precise timing circuitry. Experimental results are presented for the design, implemented in AMI 0.7-μm high-voltage CMOS process, using a macroscale electrostatic converter prototype. The energy-harvesting circuit produces a measured 1.688 μW of power for a power investment of 417 nW. The measured power consumption associated with the on-chip controller unit is 24nW, approximately 1.42% of the total power harvested.
Resolvin E1 and E3 dampens asthmatic inflammation in a murine model (2020)

<b>Background:</b> We previously reported that Resolvin E3(RvE3) dampens allergic airway inflammation in murine asthma model and suppresses the interleukin 23 pathway on bone marrow-derived dendritic cells(BMDCs). Though whether the efficacy of RvE3 is comparable to that of Resolvin E1(RvE1) is still unknown. <b>Aims and Objects:</b> We determined the effect of RvE1 and RvE3 on allergic airway inflammation using a murine model of asthma and BMDCs. <b>Methods:</b> In vivo, allergic airway inflammation was induced in BALB/c mice by House dust mite (HDM) sensitization and challenge (Day0-2,14-17) and RvE1 or RvE3 was administrated intraperitoneally after the last HDM challenge(Day17,18), and sacrificed on day 19. In vitro, BMDCs obtained from HDM-sensitized mice were stimulated with IL-33 and IL-4, then treated with RvE1 or RvE3 (10nM). <b>Results:</b> In vivo, both RvE1 and RvE3 treatment significantly decreased the number of total inflammatory cell and eosinophil in BAL fluid and the difference of efficacy between RvE1 and RvE3 were not significant. In vitro, both RvE1 and RvE3 treatment suppressed the IL-23 release from IL-33/IL-4 stimulated BMDCs. <b>Conclusion:</b> The efficacy of RvE3 on allergic airway inflammation is comparable to that of RvE1.
Geeni siittiöiden puolihäntävian takana (2006)

Siittiöiden puolihäntävika havaittiin ensimmäisen kerran 1987. Vuonna 1998 oireesta tuli huomattava tuotannollinen ongelma, kun se havaittiin yhdeksässä jalostukseen käytettävässä karjussa. Karjujen siittiöiden hännän pituus on huomattavasti lyhentynyt, siittiömäärä on alentunut ja siittiöt ovat täysin liikkumattomia (Andersson et al. 2000). Karjujen epämuodostuneet siittiöt on nimetty sytologisten tutkimusten yhteydessä puolihäntäisiksi siittiöiksi. Siittiöiden puolihäntäisyys aiheuttava geenivirhe näyttää vaikuttavan ainoastaan siittiöiden muodostukseen, koska sairailta karjuilta ei ole löydetty muita oireita ja myös naaraat on todettu terveiksi. Siittiöiden puolihäntäsyndrooman paikantamiseksi sian genomi kartoitettiin noin 10 cM:n välein käyttäen 258 mikrosatelliittimarkkeria Kartoituksessa käytettiin kahta eri ryhmää, sairaista ja terveistä verrokeista koostuvaa, joista haettiin sairauteen liittyvää homotsygotiaa sairaista yksilöistä verrattuna terveisiin. Kartoituksessa löydettiin kolme markkeria sisältävä kromosomialue, joka selvästi kytkeytyi sairauteen. Vertailemalla kaikkien sairaiden haplotyyppejä keskenään voitiin oireen taustalla vaikuttavan geenin sijainti rajata 3 cM:n alueelle kahden markkerin välille. Jotta riittävä erotuskyky markkeriavusteista valintaa ja kandidaattigeenien etsimistä varten saavutettaisiin, täytyi kromosomaalista aluetta rajata. Oireeseen kytkeytyvää aluetta rajaavilla markkereilla poimittujen BAC–kloonien sisältämää sian genomista emäsjärjestystä verrattiin ihmisen sekvenssitietokantaan. Sialla oireeseen kytkeytynyttä aluetta vastasi 2 Mbp:n alue ihmisen kromosomissa 5. Yhteistyössä tanskalaisen tutkimuskeskuksen (Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, DIAS) kanssa poimittiin heidän tietokannastaan sian sekvenssejä tällä alueella sijaitsevien ihmisen tunnettujen geenien avulla. Näistä sian geeneistä etsittiin sekvenssimuuntelua sekvensoimalla terveitä ja sairaita yksilöitä. Sekvenssimuuntelun ja sairaissa kromosomeissa havaittujen rekombinaatioiden perusteella oire pystyttiin rajaamaan vain muutaman geenin alueelle ihmisen geenikartalla. Näistä yksi, siittiön hännän muodostuksessa ilmenevä geeni, oli varteenotettava oireen kandidaattigeeni. Kandidaattigeenin mRNA sekvensoitiin ja havaittiin yhden eksonin puutos sairailla yksilöillä verrattuna terveisiin. Sairaiden yksilöiden DNA:ta sekvensoimalla löydettiin retrovirusinsertio puuttuvan eksonin jälkeisestä intronista. Sairailta yksilöiltä löydettiin myös toinen virheellisesti silmukoitu RNA tuote, jossa puuttuva eksoni oli mukana, mutta lisäksi siihen oli liitetty osa inserttiä. Nämä molemmat muutokset geenin lukukehyksessä johtavat ennenaikaiseen translaation lopetukseen. Geenin ekspressiota on myös alustavasti tutkittu ja puuttuva eksoni näyttää ilmentyvän vain testiksessä, mikä on odotettavaa, koska sairailla karjuilla ei havaita muita oireita ja homotsygootit emakot ovat terveitä.
On Frivolous Litigation: A Study of Tort Liability and Procedural Sanctions (1986)

This idea is frequently expressed by judges and law review writers.From the many examples that might have been chosen, I have selected one to quote.It is taken from an opinion of Judge Henry Edgerton, written over forty years ago:The law tries to avoid both too much discouragement and too much encouragement of litigation.Some sort of balance has to be struck between the social interests in preventing unconscionable suits and in permitting honest assertion of supposed rights.These interests conflict because a suit which its author thinks honest may look unconscionable to a jury.Soffos v. Eaton, 152 F.2d 682, 683 (D.C.Cir.1945).He resolved this case because the person bringing the original action had brought several of them in succession.We see no good reason why the law should tolerate repeated abuse of its processes.To allow redress for such abuse will not seriously hamper the honest assertion of supposed rights.No one is likely to be deterred from litigating an honest claim by fear that some future jury may erroneously decide that he has brought two suits maliciously and without probable cause.Id.We do not often have the luxury of successive suits to make the decision easier.The task is to protect the harassed defendant by affording him appropriate relief, but to accompany it with sufficient limitations and restrictions to avoid injury to the honest plaintiff.3.
AlGaN based deep ultraviolet light emitting diodes with high internal quantum efficiency grown by molecular beam epitaxy (2011)

We report the development of AlGaN based deep ultraviolet light emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) by molecular beam epitaxy. By growing the AlGaN well layer under Ga-rich conditions to produce strong potential fluctuations, internal quantum efficiency of a quantum well structure emitting at 300 nm was found to be 32%. By combining such Ga-rich growth condition in the active region with polarization field enhanced carrier injection layers, deep UV-LEDs emitting at 273 nm were obtained with output power of 0.35 mW and 1.3 mW at 20 mA continuous wave and 100 mA pulsed drive current, respectively. The maximum external quantum efficiency was 0.4%.
Skin and vascular lesions in chronic hepatitis: clinical, laboratory and morphological aspects (2020)

The study of 184 patients with chronic hepatitis (CH) of diff erent etiology was carried out. Skin and vascular lesions were detected in 129 of them. A comparative assessment of clinical manifestations of skin and vascular lesions, assessment of morphological changes according to the bio-PSIA of the skin and muscle fl ap, evaluation of hemostasis indicators, immunological tests depending on the etiology of HCG was carried out. It was found that the most common cause of skin and vascular lesions are various forms of chronic viral hepatitis (CVI B+C) and CVI B. The predominant morphological feature of lesions is mixed-cell vasculitis of small and medium vessels. Analysis of hemostasis indicators and immunological tests showed an important role in the development of vasculitis in HVG immunological disorders and of disorders of hemostasis.
Volar Plate Fixation of Intra-Articular Distal Radius Fractures: A Retrospective Study (2013)

Background Intra-articular fractures of the distal radius represent a therapeutic challenge as compared with the unstable extra-articular fractures. With the recent development of specifically designed internal fixation materials for the distal radius, treatment of these fractures by fragment-specific implants using two or more incisions has been advocated. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a fixed-angle locking plate applied through a single volar approach in maintaining the radiographic alignment of unstable intra-articular fractures as well as to report the clinical outcomes. We only excluded those with massive comminution, as is discussed in greater detail in the text. Patients and Methods This is a multicentered, retrospective study involving three hospitals situated in Spain, Switzerland, and the United States. In the period between January 2000 and March 2006, 97 patients with 101 intra-articular distal radius fractures, including 13 volarly displaced and 88 dorsally angulated fractures were analyzed. Over 80% were C2/C3 fractures, based on the AO classification. 16 open fractures were noted. Results With an average follow-up of 28 months (range 24-70 months), the range of movement of the wrist was very satisfactory, and the mean grip strength was 81% of the opposite wrist. The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score was 8. The complications rate was < 5%, including loss of reduction in two patients. All fractures healed by 3 months postinjury. Conclusions Irrespective of the direction and amount of initial displacement, a great majority of intra-articular fractures of the distal radius can be managed with a fixed-angle volar plate through a single volar approach. Level IV retrospective case series.
Diseases of the alimentary system. Haematemesis and melaena. (1977)

Acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage remains a common cause of emergency hospital admission, with a mortality close to 10OO despite recent improvements in resuscitation, anaesthesia, and surgery.' In Britain, most patients bleed from peptic ulcers or from erosions of the stomach or oesophagus.' The range of potential sources is large, however, and includes varices, tumours, mucosal tears, vascular malformations, and foreign bodies. The outlook for an individual patient depends upon the source of the bleeding, age, and the presence of co-existing disease.3
[Cloning and sequencing of variable region genes of HAb25 McAb against hepatocellular carcinoma]. (1999)

Both of the two genes are rearranged variable region genes, which are VHDJH3 for the VH and VK J K4 for the VL.
Improving outcomes for patients with lymphoma: design and development of the Australian and New Zealand Lymphoma and Related Diseases Registry (2022)

Challenges in establishing the LaRDR have been successfully overcome and the registry is now a valuable resource for lymphoma clinicians, researchers, health economists and others in Australia, New Zealand and globally.
Aberrant CD3- and CD28-Mediated Signaling Events in Cord Blood T Cells Are Associated with Dysfunctional Regulation of Fas Ligand-Mediated Cytotoxicity (1999)

There have been numerous reports of decreased acute and chronic graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) in patients receiving HLA-matched or HLA-disparate umbilical cord transplants. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the low incidence of GVHD in umbilical cord blood transplantation (CBT). In this study, we examined CD3- and CD28-mediated functional properties and signaling events in CB T cells (CBTCs). Dual stimulation of peripheral blood TCs (PBTCs) and bone marrow TCs (BMTCs) with mAbs to CD3- and CD28-induced expressions of Fas ligand (FasL), as well as CD25 and CD154 (CD40L), whereas defective induction of these activation-associated cell surface molecules were observed in CBTCs. Engagement of both CD3 and CD28 induced FasL-mediated cytotoxicity in peripheral blood TCs (PBTCs) but not CBTCs; however, both of these tissue sources possess intrinsically similar proliferative responsiveness. Analysis of CD3- and CD28-induced signal transduction revealed a deficiency in signaling events that involved repressed tyrosine phosphorylation and enzymatic activities of a family of mitogen-activated protein kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2, stress-activated protein kinase/c-jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK), and p38mapk, as well as p56lck and ZAP-70 in CBTCs compared with those in PBTCs. These results suggest that CD3- and CD28-mediated signaling events blockage in CBTCs may be responsible for dysfunction of FasL-mediated cytotoxicity and lead to the low incidence of severe GVHD in CBT.
Gold-indium Transient Liquid Phase (TLP) wafer bonding for MEMS vacuum packaging (2008)

This paper reports the first wafer-level vacuum packages created with gold-indium transient liquid phase (TLP) wafer bonding. The packages were bonded at 200degC for 1 hour under a vacuum environment in a commercially available wafer bonder. After bonding, the integrated getters were activated for 1 hour resulting in internal pressures as low as 200 mTorr. The pressures have been stable for over 6 months as measured by integrated Pirani gauges. Although no leak rate trend has been observed, the worst case leak rate that fits within the error of the pressure measurement is 16 mTorr/year (1ldr10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-16</sup> atm.cc.s <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> ).
An Investigation of the Critical Parameters of an Atomized, Accelerated Liquid Spray to Remove Particles (2006)

Abstract not Available.
Differential Immunomodulating Effects of Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin Nanoparticles on Human Macrophages (2012)

The PLD containing HSPC may cause retention of doxorubicin with greater amount and longer period in human macrophages than that containing DSPC. This effect was accompanied by greater toxicity and more profound dysfunction. The correlation of this differential effect to clinical outcome remains to be extensively investigated by performing in vivo experiments or conducting clinical trials.
Broker Bots: Analyzing automated activity during High Impact Events on\n Twitter (2014)

Twitter is now an established and a widely popular news medium. Be it normal\nbanter or a discussion on high impact events like Boston marathon blasts,\nFebruary 2014 US Icestorm, etc., people use Twitter to get updates. Twitter\nbots have today become very common and acceptable. People are using them to get\nupdates about emergencies like natural disasters, terrorist strikes, etc.\nTwitter bots provide these users a means to perform certain tasks on Twitter\nthat are both simple and structurally repetitive. During high impact events\nthese Twitter bots tend to provide time critical and comprehensive information.\nWe present how bots participate in discussions and augment them during high\nimpact events. We identify bots in high impact events for 2013: Boston blasts,\nFebruary 2014 US Icestorm, Washington Navy Yard Shooting, Oklahoma tornado, and\nCyclone Phailin. We identify bots among top tweeters by getting all such\naccounts manually annotated. We then study their activity and present many\nimportant insights. We determine the impact bots have on information diffusion\nduring these events and how they tend to aggregate and broker information from\nvarious sources to different users. We also analyzed their tweets, list down\nimportant differentiating features between bots and non bots (normal or human\naccounts) during high impact events. We also show how bots are slowly moving\naway from traditional API based posts towards web automation platforms like\nIFTTT, dlvr.it, etc. Using standard machine learning, we proposed a methodology\nto identify bots/non bots in real time during high impact events. This study\nalso looks into how the bot scenario has changed by comparing data from high\nimpact events from 2013 with data from similar type of events from 2011.\nLastly, we also go through an in-depth analysis of Twitter bots who were active\nduring 2013 Boston Marathon Blast.\n
The protease inhibitor chagasin of Trypanosoma cruzi adopts an immunoglobulin‐type fold and may have arisen by horizontal gene transfer (2001)

Chagasin, a protein from Trypanosoma cruzi, is the first member of a new family of tight binding cysteine protease inhibitors [Monteiro, A.C.S., Abrahamson, M., Lima, A.P.C., Vannier-Santos, M.A. and Scharfstein, J. (2001) J. Cell Sci., in press] [corrected]. Despite its lack of significant sequence identity with known proteins, convincing structural models, using variable light chain templates, could be constructed on the basis of threading results. Experimental support for the final structure came from inhibition data for overlapping oligopeptides spanning the chagasin sequence. Chagasin therefore exemplifies a new protease inhibitor structural class and a new natural use for an immunoglobulin-like domain. Limited sequence resemblance suggests that chagasin may represent the result of a rare horizontal gene transfer from host to parasite.
Synthesis and structural characterization of ordered supermicroporous MSU type silica–tin molecular sieves (2004)

Supermicroporous Sn–Si molecular sieves, with different amounts of tin, have been prepared using polyethylene oxide type surfactants as structure directing agents and a silicon alkoxide as precursor. Syntheses have been carried out in acidic media. The structural and chemical properties of the prepared materials, have been studied using a variety of techniques such as Wide Angle X-Ray Scattering (WAXS), physisorption of N2 at 77K, FT-IR spectroscopy of chemisorbed pyridine, skeletal FT-IR, Temperature Programmed Desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD) and 119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy.
Distribution of the Post‐illumination CO2 Burst Among Grasses1 (1972)

Evolution of CO 2 upon transition of leaves from light to darkness was studied in 44 species of grasses, mostly from genera possessing the 4‐carbon dicarboxylic acid cycle of CO 2 fixation. Attached leaves were placed in small acrylic plastic chambers and illuminated at 6,500‐7,000 ft‐c. Ten to 15 min after steady rates of photosynthesis had heen attained, the lights were turned off and CO 2 evolution was measured for at least 5 min thereafter. Species that exhibited a post‐illumination CO 2 burst (PIB) had a peak CO 2 output at slightly less than 0.5 min after the lights were extinguished. Species lacking the PIB required about 1 min to reach the maximum respiration rate. The PIB was lacking in all species tested in the tribe Andropogoneae. Of 22 species in the tribe Paniceae, none possessed the PIB except those in the Panicum genus. All 10 Panieum species exhibited a burst. Five species in the tribe Chlorideae exhibited a PIB, as did Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees of the Eragrosteae tribe and Uniola paniculata L. of the Unioleae tribe. Well‐developed grana were observed in parenchyma sheath chloroplasts of the species that possessed the PIB. Species lacking the PIB also lacked well‐developed grana in parenchyma sheath chloroplasts. There was a fairly close association between the existence of a PIB and location of the parenchyma sheath chloroplasts against the centripetal walls of the sheath cells.
Peripheral Embolization of Separated Angiographic Catheter (1982)

A complication of separation of an angioqraphic catheter is described. Contributing factors and preventive measures are discussed.
Angular Alignment Testing of Laser Mirror Mounts Under Temperature Cycling (1997)

A number of commercial and custom-build laser mirror mounts were tested for angular alignment sensitivity during temperature cycling from room temperature (20 Degrees C) to 40 Degrees C. A Nd:YAG laser beam was reflected off a mirror that was held by the mount under test and was directed to a position-sensitive detector. Horizontal and vertical movement of the reflected beam was recorded, and the angular movement, as a function of temperature (coefficient of thermal tilt (CTT)) was calculated from these data. In addition, the amount of hysteresis in the movement after cycling from room temperature to 40 Degrees C and back was determined. All commercial mounts showed greater angular movement than the simpler National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lidar Atmospheric Sensing Experiment (NASA LASA) custom mirror mounts.