gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Optimal Application-Aware Resource Block Scheduling in LTE (2014)

In this paper, we introduce an approach for application-aware resource block scheduling of elastic and inelastic adaptive real-time traffic in fourth generation Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems. The users are assigned to resource blocks. A transmission may use multiple resource blocks scheduled over frequency and time. In our model, we use logarithmic and sigmoidal-like utility functions to represent the users applications running on different user equipments (UE)s. We present an optimal problem with utility proportional fairness policy, where the fairness among users is in utility percentage (i.e user satisfaction with the service) of the corresponding applications. Our objective is to allocate the resources to the users with priority given to the adaptive real-time application users. In addition, a minimum resource allocation for users with elastic and inelastic traffic should be guaranteed. Every user subscribing for the mobile service should have a minimum quality-of-service (QoS) with a priority criterion. We prove that our scheduling policy exists and achieves the maximum. Therefore the optimal solution is tractable. We present a centralized scheduling algorithm to allocate evolved NodeB (eNodeB) resources optimally with a priority criterion. Finally, we present simulation results for the performance of our scheduling algorithm and compare our results with conventional proportional fairness approaches. The results show that the user satisfaction is higher with our proposed method.
Successful treatment of non-healing pressure ulcers with topical n-acetyl cysteine (2015)

Our data indicate that NAC may be used in treatment-resistant PUs successfully.
Studies on microbial cholinesterase. II. Purification and characterization of the cholinesterase of Pseudomonas aeruginosa A-16. (1975)

The cholinesterase of Pseudomonas aeruginosa A-16 was purified approximately 11, 150-fold with an overall recovery of 15.2% and proved to be homogeneous by electrophoresis, ultracentrifugation and chromatography. The molecular weight of the enzyme was determined as approximately 30, 000 by equilibrium centrifugation and gel filtration methods. The sedimentation coefficient, s20, w was determined to be 3.3 S. Isoelectric focusing electrophoresis with carrier ampholite revealed that the enzyme had an isoelectric point around pH 8.1. The purified cholinesterase, which was considered to be an acetylcholinesterase from its substrate specificity, hydrolyzed acetylthiocholine and acetylcholine at the highest rates among the various esters tested. The estimated values of Km at pH 7.5 and 25°C were 1.5×10-4M for acetylthiocholine and 1.9×10-4M for acetylcholine. The enzyme also hydrolyzed the acetyl and propionyl esters of several aliphatic and aromatic alcohols at a lower rate which was entirely dependent on the properties of the alcohol moiety of those esters.
СОХ-2 как ранний маркер в диагностике вирусассоциированных злокачественных новообразований человека (2012)

The review analyzes recent data and current ideas on the enzyme cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) as a possible biomarker of virus-associated human malignant neoplasm. Possible mechanisms of COX-2 activation in the cells infected with oncogenic human viruses, such as hepatitis B virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and human papillomavirus are considered in detail.
An Evaluation of Five ARW-WRF Microphysics Schemes Using Synthetic GOES Imagery for an Atmospheric River Event Affecting the California Coast (2011)

Abstract The main purpose of the present study is to assess the value of synthetic satellite imagery as a tool for model evaluation performance in addition to more traditional approaches. For this purpose, synthetic GOES-10 imagery at 10.7 μm was produced using output from the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting (ARW-WRF) numerical model. Use of synthetic imagery is a unique method to indirectly evaluate the performance of various microphysical schemes available within the ARW-WRF. In the present study, a simulation of an atmospheric river event that occurred on 30 December 2005 was used. The simulations were performed using the ARW-WRF numerical model with five different microphysical schemes [Lin, WRF single-moment 6 class (WSM6), Thompson, Schultz, and double-moment Morrison]. Synthetic imagery was created and scenes from the simulations were statistically compared with observations from the 10.7-μm band of the GOES-10 imager using a histogram-based technique. The results suggest that synthetic satellite imagery is useful in model performance evaluations as a complementary metric to those used traditionally. For example, accumulated precipitation analyses and other commonly used fields in model evaluations suggested a good agreement among solutions from various microphysical schemes, while the synthetic imagery analysis pointed toward notable differences in simulations of clouds among the microphysical schemes.
AJAXSearch (2008)

Current search engines such as Google and Yahoo! are prevalent for searching the Web. Search in dynamic pages, however, is either inexistent or far from perfect. AJAX and Rich Internet Application are such applications. They are increasingly frequent on the Web (in YouTube, Amazon, GMail, Yahoo!Mail) or mobile devices and are offering a high degree of interactivity to the user, by seamlessly loading content from the server without the need to refresh the page. Current search engines cannot correctly index AJAX applications. This produces false positives and false negatives, because search engines do not understand the application logic that loads content dynamically. Crawling an AJAX application is a difficult problem. Since the user invokes events on the page, crawling must identify the different application states generated by the client-side logic. This demo sets the stage for this new type of search and shows that a search engine for AJAX can be built. Among others, the challenges, as opposed to traditional search engines, are: automatically identifying states by triggering events, efficiently crawling application states, avoiding the invocation of potentially very numerous events, scalability in the number of events, duplicate elimination of states, result presentation and aggregation, ranking. The demo presents the AJAX search engine: crawler, indexer and query processor, applied on a real application and showcases challenges and solutions.
Simulation of shear wave elastography imaging using the toolbox “k-wave” (2016)

Elastography is used to map the local elasticity of tissue. It can detect areas inside the body with a different elasticity from that of surrounding tissue indicative of pathologies like tumors. Shear wave elastography imaging produces an elasticity map by analyzing the propagation of shear waves. One source of shear wave is the acoustic radiation force produced by ultrasound. The prediction of the acoustic radiation force and of the shape and amplitude of the ensuing shear displacement is crucial. In this study, we present simulations of the radiation force produced by an ultrasound transducer and of the shear displacement it produces using the software package “k-wave.” Results from simulations in a homogeneous and isotropic medium are compared against analytical solutions and results from a finite element modeling software. The obtained shear displacements from k-wave are very similar to the analytical solution with a root mean square error around the focal zone below 9% and 21% for short and large propagation times, respectively. K-wave appears to be an accurate and efficient tool for simulation of acoustic radiation force and shear wave propagation. It combines the simplicity of finite time differences methods with the flexibility to simulate in any heterogeneous medium.
An Electromagnetic Interference Immune PAM-4 Transceiver System (2023)

This article presents the design of a pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) transceiver that supports high-speed wireline communication in the presence of electromagnetic interference (EMI). The proposed PAM-4 transceiver uses an input level shifter (ILS) and a modified electrostatic discharge (ESD)-protection circuit to reduce the effects of EMI at the transmitter. In order to overcome the effects of EMI at the receiver, the front end is designed with an enhanced input common-mode range. The transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell method, as provided in the IEC 62132-2 standard, is followed to experimentally verify the radiated EMI-immunity of the proposed PAM-4 transceiver system over its traditional counterpart. For proof of concept, the proposed EMI-immune PAM-4 transceiver and the traditional PAM-4 transceiver circuits are implemented using the 130-nm BiCMOS process. The proposed transceiver operates at a data rate of 6.5 Gbps while maintaining an eye-opening of 70 mV for each bit in the presence of EMI, meeting the requirement of the IEEE 802.3 bs standard. The proposed PAM-4 transceiver withstands a wide range of EMI frequencies that span from 150 kHz to 2 GHz with an EMI power of 0–20 dBm.
Novel and chiral hantzsch-type 1,4-dihydropyridines having A p-tolylsulfinyl group. Synthesis and biological activities as calcium channel antagonists. (1995)

Both C-4 stereoisomers of novel Hantzch-type 4-aryl- and 4-methyl-1, 4-dihydropyridines 3 having a p-tolylsulfinyl group at C-5 were efficiently synthesized in optically pure forms starting from the α-sulfinyl enones 6 which could be easily obtained from (-)-menthyl (S)-p-tolylsulfinate (4). The stereochemistry at C-4 was found to be largely responsible for the biological activities as calcium channel antagonists of these compounds.
Quantum dot based turn-on fluorescent probes for anion sensing (2012)

The design of fluorescent probes for turn-on sensing of anions has been especially significant because it can effectively enhance sensing sensitivity by decreasing the background interference. In the present work, we have systematically studied the potential applications of fluorescent quantum dots (QDs) in turn-on anion sensing. The fluorescence of QDs are firstly quenched by three different mechanisms, i.e. fluorescence resonance energy transfer, electron transfer and surface states modulated fluorescence. The fluorescence of the pre-quenched QDs can then be recovered by various anions due to the modulating effects of added anions on the interaction between QDs and QDs, the interaction between QDs and quenchers, and the surface chemistry of the quenched QDs, respectively. The results described here indicate that turn-on sensing of various anions by QDs-based systems can be achieved by rationally choosing fluorescence modulating strategies, demonstrating the versatility of QDs in the corresponding applications.
Identification of the Human Bronchial Tissues by the Spectroscopic Image Analysis (2004)

Autofluorescence (AF) measurement of human bronchus tissues are practically used for the detection of early stage lung cancers. Problems associated with the interference between the excitation light and the AF signal and the lack of the precise analysis of the AF characteristics limit the capability of the technique. In this study, we used a ultra-violet laser diode (UV-LD) and a ultra-violet light emitting diode (UV-LED) as the alternative light source for the AF measurement. An AF analysis system that can analyze the spectroscopic data of about 5mm×5mm with a spatial resolution of about 10 micro meters were established. The AF spectrum was measured for 512×512 pixels and the intensity mapping as a function of a certain emission wavelength was obtained. The numerical calculation of the data (including differential imaging and the chromaticity diagram projection) was performed and the precise feature of the AF was revealed.
Free Energy Methods in Ligand Design (2013)

This chapter gives an overview of currently available free energy (FE) methods to support the optimization of ligand binding to protein targets. The calculations provide insights into the physical chemistry of protein–ligand interactions and can be used as a practical tool to optimize initial hit compounds during drug discovery. After a broad introduction to these methods, the techniques are reviewed with particular emphasis on their use in the lead optimization (LO) phase of drug discovery. Besides providing examples which are of pharmaceutical interest, it also gives practical suggestions on the choice of an FE method and best practices.
In silicoChemical–Protein Docking and Molecular Dynamics (2017)

This chapter briefly explores the principles and applications to the field of toxicology of two computational structural biology techniques: molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In general, these in silico approaches enable us to do two important things: (1) gain insight into molecular mechanisms of toxicity; and (2) suggest mechanistic hypotheses for experimental validation or refutation. In addition, through the application of inverse docking and pharmacophore/toxicophore mapping, it is possible to identify potential macromolecular targets of toxicants, including off-targets of pharmaceutical agents. Although docking and MD simulations can be used to examine protein–protein and protein–DNA interactions, our focus is on small-molecule toxicants and protein targets.
Crank-Lever Electromagnetic Damper (CLEMD) Design for Automobile Suspension System (2020)

&lt;div&gt;An effective damper is among the most important components of the suspension system. It ensures the right amount of damping force is acting on the suspension system to provide comfort to the passengers and proper road holding to tires. Unfortunately, the energy absorbed by the dampers from the suspension system gets wasted in the form of heat. In this article, it is proposed to use innovative electromagnetic damper (EMD) with a crank-lever mechanism to recover energy from the suspension system. The goal is to develop a lightweight design of EMD that can recover a high amount of power. For the design, an off-road vehicle is used since in off-road vehicles the amount of power wasted in the suspension system is high. Three different design approaches are used, which include single-stage gearbox type, two-stage gearbox type, and three-stage gearbox type of CLEMD. Out of them, the best design, i.e. three-stage gearbox type of CLEMD is selected because of minimum weight and inertia of the components. This article is focused on the design and analysis of the three-stage gearbox type of CLEMD. On the basis of the output of numerical simulations of vehicle model, specifications for crank-lever electromagnetic damper (CLEMD) are driven and design is carried out. Also, performance analyses of CLEMD are carried out by interfacing model of CLEMD with the model of a vehicle. The advantage of CLEMD is it can act as an actuator to provide active force in an active suspension system.&lt;/div&gt;
Optimal buffer partitioning on a multiuser wireless link (2010)

We consider a finite buffer shared by multiple packet queues. Throughput can be considerably improved by partitioning the buffer space among the queues judiciously, especially under a high load regime. We formulate optimal buffer partitioning as a resource allocation problem, the solution of which is found through a greedy incremental algorithm in polynomial time. The rest of the work is devoted to applying the optimal buffer allocation strategy in different scenarios modeling a wireless downlink. First, the strategy is applied in a general parallel M/M/1/m <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> system and a numerical study verifies that the strategy may boost the throughput considerably. Then, a multichannel extension of this system is considered when the users have different arrival rates and channels have different outage probabilities. Jointly optimal buffer space allocation and channel assignment problems in this scenario are shown to be separable. Lastly, buffer allocation is considered in a system where users need to be multiplexed and scheduled based on channel state. It is shown that this system can be modeled as a set of parallel M/G/1/m <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> queues to which the optimum buffer allocation strategy is again applicable. The improvement brought by optimal buffer allocation to scheduling based solely on channel-state is explored. It is observed that buffer optimization can result in remarkable throughput increase on top of channel-based user selection.
Activation of apoptotic caspase‐3 and nitric oxide synthase‐2 in buccal mucosa with chronic alcohol ingestion (1998)

Apoptosis, the process of programmed cell death, involves activation of caspase proteases cascade that remains under the regulatory control of nitric oxide. In this study, we investigated the activity of a key apoptotic protease, caspase-3, and the expression of nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2) associated with buccal epithelial cells apoptosis induced by chronic ethanol diet. The assays revealed that a 7.9-fold enhancement in buccal epithelial cells apoptosis, observed in the alcohol diet group, was accompanied by a 37.6-fold increase in caspase-3 activity and a 10.1-fold increase in NOS-2. Furthermore, the expression of NOS-2 showed a positive correlation (r = 0.92) with the extent of changes induced in caspase-3 activity. These results implicate caspase-3 in the process of alcohol-induced epithelial cells apoptosis, and point towards participation of NOS-2 in the amplification of the cell death signaling cascade.
Membrane Compartments in Immune Cell Signaling and Trafficking (2008)

Abstract Cells of the immune system detect and respond to the presence of foreign antigens by signaling through an array of receptors, which include the multichain immune recognition receptor (MIRR) family. Stimulated changes in membrane architecture, which includes protein and lipid segregation within membranes as well as membrane trafficking, regulate these cellular responses. We provide a brief overview of MIRR signaling, which focuses on signaling through the IgE receptor in mast cells, and we highlight specific examples in which membrane compartmentalization plays a role in this signaling pathway. We summarize biochemical methods used to isolate and characterize membrane subdomains. Finally, we discuss cross‐correlation microscopy methods, application of antigen‐patterned surfaces, and fluorescence‐based trafficking assays to study dynamics of stimulated proteins interactions and membrane trafficking.
Influence of Light on Flight Activity of Noctuids (Lepidoptera) in South Sweden (1971)

Abstract In I968 and I969 noctuids were caught by means of a light trap at Bunkeflo, south of Malmo (prov. Scania). Hourly catches were separated. Sex differences in the diel distribution of catch were found. In summer, the males showed their highest activity around midnight. The females then showed a bimodal catch curve with the highest catch before, and a second weaker peak after midnight. In summer, light was found to be the factor governing the nocturnal distribution of catch, in autumn temperature. In I970 observations and experiments on captured moths were performed. Start of flight in the twilight period was found to be induced by the decreasing light. The moths started at higher light values if the temperature during this period was high. In actograph experiments it was found that moonlight has a depressing effect on the activity of noctuids.
Operating system support for virtual machines (2003)

A virtual-machine monitor (VMM) is a useful technique for adding functionality below existing operating system and application software. One class of VMMs (called Type II VMMs) builds on the abstractions provided by a host operating system. Type II VMMs are elegant and convenient, but their performance is currently an order of magnitude slower than that achieved when running outside a virtual machine (a standalone system). In this paper, we examine the reasons for this large overhead for Type II VMMs. We find that a few simple extensions to a host operating system can make it a much faster platform for running a VMM. Taking advantage of these extensions reduces virtualization overhead for a Type II VMM to 14-35% overhead, even for workloads that exercise the virtual machine intensively.
The Lloyd-Berry effective wave number in multiple scattering (2007)

The scattering of an acoustic field by an ensemble of many discrete objects is a phenomenon observed in many different contexts. In underwater acoustics, one finds examples in propagation through bubbly water, fish schools, non-homogeneous sediments (embedded shells for example), etc. The effective wave number associated with the propagation of the statistically averaged acoustic field scattered by an ensemble of many scatterers is a quantity of physical interest that is also experimentally accessible. Theoretically, this quantity can be evaluated only approximately. Typically, it is evaluated as an expansion in the average density of scatterers. In the literature, one finds two distinct expressions for the second-order contribution, one, the oldest, due to Waterman and Truell, and another by Lloyd and Berry. A new derivation of the Lloyd-Berry formula is provided using an approximation similar to the one used by Waterman and Truell and also by Foldy and Lax. This derivation should shed light on the origin of the different expressions and lend support to the contention that the Lloyd-Berry expression is the correct second-order term in the density expansion.
Voice Conversion with Conditional SampleRNN (2018)

Here we present a novel approach to conditioning the SampleRNN generative model for voice conversion (VC). Conventional methods for VC modify the perceived speaker identity by converting between source and target acoustic features. Our approach focuses on preserving voice content and depends on the generative network to learn voice style. We first train a multi-speaker SampleRNN model conditioned on linguistic features, pitch contour, and speaker identity using a multi-speaker speech corpus. Voice-converted speech is generated using linguistic features and pitch contour extracted from the source speaker, and the target speaker identity. We demonstrate that our system is capable of many-to-many voice conversion without requiring parallel data, enabling broad applications. Subjective evaluation demonstrates that our approach outperforms conventional VC methods.
Magnetic energy storage (1981)

Magnetic energy storage has become the foundation for near time and longer range electric utility applications and for current induction in the plasma of fusion devices. The fusion program embraces low loss superconductor strand development with integration into cables capable of carrying 50 kA in pulsed mode at high fields. This evolvement has been paralleled with pulsed energy storage coil development and testing from tens of kJ at low fields to a 20 MJ prototype tokamak induction coil at 7.5 T. Energy transfer times have ranged from 0.7 ms to several seconds. Electric utility magnetic storage for prospective application is for diurnal load leveling with massive systems to store 10 GWh at 1.8 K in a dewar structure suported on bedrock underground. An immediate utility application is a 30 MJ system to be used to damp power oscillations on the Bonneville Power Administration electric transmission lines. An off-shoot of this last work is a new program for electric utility VAR control with the potential for use to suppress subsynchronous resonance. Pulsed magnetic energy storage is not a widely developed technology. Current work is done almost exclusively in Japan and the United States. This paper does not cover past work or completed studies but presents work in progress, work planned, and recently completed unusual work.