gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Genome-wide Association and Admixture Mapping Study of Bronchodilator Drug Response in African Americans with Asthma (2017)

Abstract Background Short-acting B 2 -adrenergic receptor agonists (SABAs) are the most commonly prescribed asthma medications worldwide. Response to SABAs is measured as bronchodilator drug response (BDR), which varies among racial/ethnic groups in the U.S 1, 2 . However, the genetic variation that contributes to BDR is largely undefined in African Americans with asthma 3 Objective To identify genetic variants that may contribute to differences in BDR in African Americans with asthma. Methods We performed a genome-wide association study of BDR in 949 African American children with asthma, genotyped with the Axiom World Array 4 (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA) followed by imputation using 1000 Genomes phase 3 genotypes. We used linear regression models adjusting for age, sex, body mass index and genetic ancestry to test for an association between BDR and genotype at single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). To increase power and distinguish between shared vs. population-specific associations with BDR in children with asthma, we performed a meta-analysis across 949 African Americans and 1,830 Latinos (Total=2,779). Lastly, we performed genome-wide admixture mapping to identify regions whereby local African or European ancestry is associated with BDR in African Americans. Two additional populations of 416 Latinos and 1,325 African Americans were used to replicate significant associations. Results We identified a population-specific association with an intergenic SNP on chromosome 9q21 that was significantly associated with BDR (rs73650726, p=7.69 × 10 −9 ). A trans-ethnic meta-analysis across African Americans and Latinos identified three additional SNPs within the intron of PRKG1 that were significantly associated with BDR (rs7903366, rs7070958, and rs7081864, p≤5 × 10 −8 ). Conclusions Our findings indicate that both population specific and shared genetic variation contributes to differences in BDR in minority children with asthma, and that the genetic underpinnings of BDR may differ between racial/ethnic groups. Key messages A GWAS for BDR in African American children with asthma identified an intergenic population specific variant at 9q21 to be associated with increased bronchodilator drug response (BDR). A meta-analysis of GWAS across African Americans and Latinos identified shared genetic variants at 10q21 in the intron of PRKG1 to be associated with differences in BDR. Further genetic studies need to be performed in diverse populations to identify the full set of genetic variants that contribute to BDR.
Vasopressin cells in the medial amygdala of the rat project to the lateral septum and ventral hippocampus (1987)

The rat brain contains a large number of vasopressin (VP) immunoreactive fibers, the sites of origin of which have not yet been established completely. For instance, the sources of VP fiber systems in the amygdala, ventral hippocampus (VH), mediodorsal thalamic nucleus, ventral tegmental area, and dorsal raphe yet remain obscure. These VP fibers may originate in any of the recently described extrahypothalamic VP cell groups, viz., medial amygdaloid nucleus (AME), dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus, or locus coeruleus, since VP efferents from these cells still remain to be demonstrated. In search of AME VP efferents three approaches were followed: (1) the Phaseolus vulgaris anterograde tracing method, (2) immunocytochemistry after AME lesioning, and (3) retrograde transport of a fluorescent dye in combination with immunofluorescence. The results demonstrate that VP cells in the AME project to (1) the lateral septum (LS) by the ventral amygdalofugal pathway and (2) the VH via the amygdalohippocampal transition zone. In addition, the VP projection from the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST) to the LS was confirmed. There was no indication that VP cells in the AME project through the amygdalotegmental pathway to the medulla oblongata and spinal cord. The results support the possibility that the BST and AME are an anatomical entity that may be part of the central loci controlling sexual processes in the rat.
UML distilled: applying the standard object modeling language (1997)

Today, a software designer or architect who seeks to represent the design of a software system can choose from a wide variety of notational languages, each aligned with a particular analysis and design methodology. Ironically, this wide variety of choice is one impediment to the significant benefits promised by software reuse. The emergence of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) -- created by the joint efforts of leading object technologists Grady Booch, Ivar Jacobson, and James Rumbaugh with contributions from many others in the object community -- represents one of the most significant developments in object technology. Supported by a broad base of industry-leading companies, the UML merges the best of the notations used by the three most popular analysis and design methodologies, Booch, OOSE (use-cases), and OMT, to produce a single, universal modeling language that can be used with any method.Written for those already grounded in object-oriented analysis and design, this concise overview introduces you to UML, highlighting the key elements of its notation, semantics, and processes. Included is a brief explanation of UML's history, development, and rationale, as well as discussions on how UML can be integrated into the object-oriented development process. In addition, the book profiles various modeling techniques associated with UML -- use cases, CRC cards, design by contract, dynamic classification, interfaces, and abstract classes -- along with concise descriptions of notation and semantics and numerous insightful tips for effective use based on the authors' experience. In addition, the authors offer the first look at the emerging Objectory Software Development Process derivedfrom the methodologies of Grady Booch, Ivar Jacobson, and James Rumbaugh. To give you a feel for the UML in action, the book includes a Java programming example that outlines the implementation of a UML-based design.You will come away with an excellent understanding of UML essentials, insight into how UML functions within the software development process, and a firm foundation upon which to expand and build your knowledge of the Unified Modeling Language.
Adaptive soft starting method with current limit strategy for sensorless BLDC motors (2012)

This paper proposes an adaptive soft start-up strategy for sensorless control of three-phase BLDC motors in applications to consumer electronics and high efficiency cooling fans. The proposed start-up control scheme combines a closed-loop I/Hz control with adaptive ramping current profile in accordance to different load torque-speed characteristic. The proposed start-up scheme can reduce the start-up current while at the same time provides a robust and smooth start-up for different applications. A synchronous current sampling control scheme based on the dc-link current is developed for the regulation of motor phase current. A start-up current limit profile is calculated based on assumed load torque-speed characteristics. The controller will switch to sensorless control mode once a verified sensorless commutation signal is detected. Simulation and experimental results have been given to show the robustness of the proposed sensorless start-up control scheme.
Fuzzy FMEA of Floating Wind Turbine Based on Related Weights and TOPSIS Theory (2015)

The failure of floating wind turbine can suspend the operation of the offshore wind turbine generator, which will severely affect the generated energy and cause huge economic loss. Hence, the reliability evaluation of floating wind turbine is of vital importance. RPN calculation which adopts the traditional FMEA method carries significant limitations and cannot solve failure sequence in case RPN is the same. Therefore, the paper makes use of fuzzy FMEA method based on Related Weights and TOPSIS Theory to make fuzzy evaluation on each failure mode of floating wind turbine as well as construct a failure matrix which adopts triangular fuzzy number. This paper utilizes Related Weights that come from different experts to different failure modes and TOPSIS Theory to calculate similarity algorithm to replace RPN value to sequence the risks. Results show that fuzzy FMEA method that applies Related Weights and TOPSIS Theory can more accurately judge the degree of risks of floating wind turbine system's failure mode to avoid the effect of subjectivity on evaluation results to the extreme extent. In this way, the more effective maintenance strategy can be formulated so as to improve the system's reliability.
An Iqml Type Algorithm For Ar Parameter Estimation From Noisy Covariance Sequences. (2009)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Glasgow, Scotland, 2009
Studies on Pyrimidine Derivatives and Related Compounds. LXXVII. Reaction of Thiamine Analogues with Diethyl Benzoylphosphonate (1973)

Reaction of thiamine analogues (8, 14, and 17) with diethyl benzoylphosphonate (20) was carried out and an interesting difference in reactivity in aprotic solvent according to substituents and nuclei was observed.
Genetic Distance and Genetic Identity between Hindu and Muslim populations of Barak Valley for ABO and Rh genes (2010)

A genetic study was carried out in two endogamous populations namely Hindus and Muslims in the Barak Valley Zone of Assam in India. Neis genetic distance and genetic identity between two populations were calculated on the basis of estimated allele frequencies of ABO and Rh blood group genes. The genetic distance between Hindus and Muslims was 0.12% for ABO gene and 0.10% for Rh gene. The genetic identity between two populations was estimated as 99.88% for ABO gene and 99.90% for Rh gene suggesting very high genetic similarity between these two populations. Observed heterozygosity estimate was higher in Hindus (0.5598 for ABO gene and 0.2822 for Rh gene) than Muslims (0.5346 for ABO gene and 0.2408 for Rh gene) indicating lesser inbreeding in Hindus than Muslims. Fixation index was lower in Hindus (16.02% for ABO gene and 43.56% for Rh gene) than Muslims (19.80% for ABO gene and 51.84% for Rh gene). Panmictic index was higher in Hindus than Muslims for both the genes. Fixation and panmictic indices revealed that during evolutionary process the Hindus maintained more outbreeding feature than the Muslims in the valley. In this study, the concepts of genetic load of a population and genotype fitness were extended to alleles to estimate the magnitude of allele genetic load (GL) and allele fitness for 3 alleles in ABO gene and for 2 alleles in Rh gene in two populations. The genetic load for O, A and B alleles were lower in Hindus than Muslims. Similar results for genetic load were found for the alleles of Rh gene in the comparison of two populations. The fitness estimates of O, A and B alleles for ABO gene and D and d alleles for Rh gene were higher in Hindus than Muslims. A population with low allele genetic load (GL) and high allele fitness (AF) might have greater survival advantage in nature in the absence of heterozygote advantage and higher adaptive value of the allele with increased frequency.
The influence of missing value imputation on detection of differentially expressed genes from microarray data (2005)

The R package for LinImp is available at http://folk.uio.no/idasch/imp.
Trust Management for Service-Oriented SIoT Systems (2020)

With the proliferation of fairly powerful mobile devices and ubiquitous wireless technology, there is a transformation from traditional ad hoc networks into a new era of service-oriented Internet of Things (IoT) networks wherein an object can provide and receive services. One of the principal conceptions of IoT is to socialize the objects. A social IoT system is a mixture of IoT and social networks, where objects inde- pendently create social relationships among other objects in the vicinity and search the most trusted objects to render services required when they remain connected with each other. We propose a service-oriented trust management scheme for detecting the adversarial attacks that ex- ist in the SIoT network to build a reliable system. The proposed scheme integrates multiple constituents such as trust metrics, intended trust and recurrent trust update to determine the trust score among objects. We aggregate all the trust metrics to select the best metric for assessing each object that provides service; thus, an object with the lesser score is identified and filtered out efficiently. Simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed trust management scheme against co-relative service attack.
Illegitimate recombination in plants: a model for T-DNA integration. (1991)

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a soil bacterium capable of transferring DNA (the T-DNA) to the genome of higher plants, where it is then stably integrated. Six T-DNA inserts and their corresponding preinsertion sites were cloned from Arabidopsis thaliana and analyzed. Two T-DNA integration events from Nicotiana tabacum were included in the analysis. Nucleotide sequence comparison of plant target sites before and after T-DNA integration showed that the T-DNA usually causes only a small (13-28 bp) deletion in the plant DNA, but larger target rearrangements can occur. Short homologies between the T-DNA ends and the target sites, as well as the presence of filler sequences at the junctions, indicate that T-DNA integration is mediated by illegitimate recombination and that these processes in plants are very analogous to events in mammalian cells. We propose a model for T-DNA integration on the basis of limited base-pairing for initial synapsis, followed by DNA repair at the junctions. Variations of the model can explain the formation of filler DNA at the junctions by polymerase slipping and template switching during DNA repair synthesis and the presence of larger plant target DNA rearrangements.
Establishing a Unified COVID-19 “Immunome”: Integrating Coronavirus Pathogenesis and Host Immunopathology (2020)

sponsorship: We acknowledge internal funding by KU Leuven (Belgium), UZ Leuven (Belgium) and VIB (Belgium) for this study, as well as the massive effort of all patients, researchers (PhDs/postdocs/technicians), clinicians and nurses involved in COntAGIous clinical-trial consortium (NCT04327570), currently aiming to establish a COVID-19 immunome. EW is supported by Stichting tegen Kanker (Mandate for basic & clinical oncology research). JG holds a postdoctoral research fellowship granted by the University Hospitals Leuven. AG is supported by Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) (G0B4620N; EOS grant: 30837538), KU Leuven (C14/19/098; POR/16/040) and Kom op Tegen Kanker (KOTK/2018/11509/1). (KU Leuven (Belgium), UZ Leuven (Belgium), VIB (Belgium), Stichting tegen Kanker (Mandate for basic & clinical oncology research), University Hospitals Leuven, Research Foundation Flanders (FWO)|G0B4620N, Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) (EOS grant)|30837538, KU Leuven|C14/19/098, KU Leuven|POR/16/040, Kom op Tegen Kanker|KOTK/2018/11509/1)
A Pulsed Gas Valve for Fast Timeable High Pressure Operation (1969)

A fast opening, high pressure gas valve has been developed. It is electrically timeable and can admit several hundred cubic centimeters · atm gas from a plenum of 1 to 10 cm3 volume, initially filled at pressures up to 100 atm. The opening rate of the valve stopper is about 7 m/sec and is derived from the sudden release of the stored energy in an axially compressed nylon rod. Emptying time depends on plenum volume and is of the order of a few hundred microseconds.
Planar hydrodynamic traps and buried channels for bead and cell trapping and releasing (2021)

We present a novel concept for the controlled trapping and releasing of beads and cells in a PDMS microfluidic channel without obstacles present around the particle or in the channel. The trapping principle relies on a two-level microfluidic configuration: a top main PDMS channel interconnected to a buried glass microchannel using round vias. As the fluidic resistances rule the way the liquid flows inside the channels, particles located in the streamlines passing inside the buried level are immobilized by the round <i>via</i> with a smaller diameter, leaving the object motionless in the upper PDMS channel. The particle is maintained by the difference of pressure established across its interface and acts as an infinite fluidic resistance, virtually cancelling the subsequent buried fluidic path. The pressure is controlled at the outlet of the buried path and three modes of operation of a trap are defined: idle, trapping and releasing. The pressure conditions for each mode are defined based on the hydraulic-electrical circuit equivalence. The trapping of polystyrene beads in a compact array of 522 parallel traps controlled by a single pressure was demonstrated with a trapping efficiency of 94%. Pressure conditions necessary to safely trap cells in holes of different diameters were determined and demonstrated in an array of 25 traps, establishing the design and operation rules for the use of planar hydrodynamic traps for biological assays.
Plasmaoxidative and Chemical Degradation of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Studied by Matrix‐assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (1996)

A model system of linear ethylene glycol terminated poly(ethylene terephthalate) oligomers of the general formula H–[GT]n–G (where G is an ethylene glycol unit and T represents a terephthalic acid unit) was synthesized and exposed to an oxygen plasma. The degradation of the oligomers was investigated by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). The results were compared to a chemical degradation of commercial poly(ethylene terephthalate) which had been exposed to an aqueous solution of natural chalk for many years. In both cases an ester scission process was found which generates terephthalic acid terminated oligomers (H–[GT]m–OH) and decomposes linear ethylene glycol terminated oligomers (H–[GT]m–G). The scision of the ester bonds during the chemical treatment additionally leads to the formation of T–[GT]m–OH like oligomers and to a strong decrease of the number of cyclic oligomers ([GT]m). Furthermore during the plasma treatment an additional formation of [GT]m–G like cyclic oligomers was observed.
The Influence of Cultural and Psychological Factors on Mental Health Status during COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia (2022)

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) announced a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) on 30 January 2020 due to the rapid increase in the number of COVID-19 cases outside China. Every pandemic is associated with other problems such as psychological and mental health problems. Methods: The current research investigated the relationship between mental health status and demographic variables and the psychological impact of COVID-19. Furthermore, this study explored the relationship between collectivism and low infection rates. The sample included 1700 adults aged 18 years and older. The questionnaire started with demographic questions followed by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), a scale that was applied to the COVID-19 outbreak, and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Results: Findings indicated that depression, anxiety, and stress were associated with the psychological impact of COVID-19. In addition, students experienced a higher level of psychological impact of COVID-19 than other occupational groups. Finally, cultural collectivism was associated with a lower COVID-19 infection rate. Conclusion: It is recommended based on the findings of this paper that the mental health of university students should be observed and assessed during epidemics. Training regarding mental health should be provided to university faculty and staff.
Planar Antenna-Coupled SIS Devices for Detection and Mixing (1981)

In order to avoid the difficulties associated with waveguide and cat-whisker contacts at frequencies above 100GHz, a planar integrated circuit combining lead-alloy SIS junctions and a receiving antenna has been developed. A novel tuning device for the planar circuit will also be described.
Midinfrared IV–VI vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with zero-, two-, and three-dimensional systems in the active regions (2002)

A comparison between IV–VI vertical-cavity surface-emitting midinfrared lasers containing active regions of different dimensionality is presented. Optically pumped laser emission is observed at wavelengths between 3.5 and 4.4 μm. The microcavities consist of high-reflectivity EuTe/PbEuTe Bragg mirrors, with active regions consisting either of a self-organized PbSe/PbEuTe quantum-dot superlattice, PbTe/PbEuTe multiquantum wells, or bulk-like PbTe. For the zero dimensional active medium, laser emission is obtained at temperatures up to 150 K. The results for the lasers with two-dimensional active region are similar to those with the three-dimensional bulk-like active region, for which lasing is observed up to 317 K. The threshold pump intensity is only 4 kW/cm2 at 195 K, and 15.6 kW/cm2 at room temperature.
Exploration of Melt Granulation Technique for the Development of Coprocessed Directly Compressible Adjuvant Containing Lactose and Microcrystalline Cellulose (2003)

The objective of the present investigation was to prepare and evaluate lactose and microcrystalline cellulose based, directly compressible adjuvant using melt granulation technique. The percentage of polymer blend (PVP K 30 and PEG 4000; 5, 10, or 15%) and the polymer blend ratio (9:1, 1:1, or 1:9) were selected as independent variables in a 3(2) full factorial design. The lactose and microcrystalline cellulose blend (3:1) was mixed with the meltable binder on a water bath at 90 degrees C. The agglomerates were cooled to 35 degrees C and subsequently passed through 30 mesh. A batch containing 12.5% of the polymer blend containing 1:9 ratio of PVP:PEG was used for further studies. In an another 3(2) full factorial design, disintegrant (crospovidone, croscarmellose sodium, or sodium starch glycolate) and mode of addition of disintegrant (intragranular, extragranular, or combination of intragranular and extragranular) were used as independent variables. The agglomerates were evaluated for percentage fines and Carr's index. Tablets were prepared on a single-punch tablet machine, and they were evaluated for tensile strength, friability, and disintegration time. Regression analysis was carried out to evolve full and refined models. Contour plots are presented for graphical expression of the results. The use of composite index is demonstrated for the selection of an appropriate batch. The disintegration time of tablets reduced from 18 min to 6 min when 6% crospovidone was included in the product. The optimized adjuvant was characterized for particle size distribution, granular friability, Kawakita's and Kuno's equation, and dilution potential study. Turmeric, glycyrrhiza, acetaminophen, and metformin HCl were used as model drugs for the preparation of tablets. The present study underlines the fact that melt granulation technique may be adopted for the development of multifunctional directly compressible adjuvant for use in pharmaceuticals. The advantages of melt granulation technique over the classical wet granulation and spray-drying are presented.
Xanthostatin, a new antibiotic. (1987)

A strain of Streptomyces isolated from a soil sample collected in Jiangsu Province, China, was found to produce a new antibiotic selectively active against Xanthomonas sp. The strain has not yet been identified but the