gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relative responses to luminal and adventitial adenosine in perfused arteries (1992)

Responses to luminal and adventitial adenosine were compared in perfused rabbit central ear arteries. Perfused arteries precontracted with 0.5 microM norepinephrine relaxed dose dependently but asymmetrically to luminal and adventitial adenosine. Arteries were more responsive to luminal adenosine in the 0.1- to 1.0-microM range, but they were more responsive to adventitial adenosine at doses > 10 microM. Alternatively, 2-chloroadenosine, a metabolically stable and poorly transported analogue, was equipotent when applied luminally or adventitially. Endothelial damage reduced sensitivity and response asymmetry to luminal and adventitial adenosine. This was consistent with reduced responses to adenosine in luminally rubbed arterial ring segments. Transport inhibition (10 microM dipyridamole) enhanced arterial reactivity to luminal and adventitial adenosine and reduced response asymmetry but was without effect on responses to 2-chloroadenosine. A comparison of the inhibitory effectiveness of adventitial and luminal 8-phenyltheophylline revealed that adventitial antagonist was approximately threefold more effective in inhibiting responses to adventitial adenosine than luminal antagonist (P < 0.05). This "side-dependent" difference was reduced by prolonged antagonist incubation or endothelial removal. The data indicate that adenosine relaxes ear arteries by activation of smooth muscle [half-maximum effective concentration (ED50) approximately 11 microM] and endothelial (ED50 approximately 2 microM) receptors. Nevertheless, a sensitive endothelial-dependent response does not consistently enhance responses to luminal adenosine in perfused arteries. This appears to be attributable to relative differences in the smooth muscle and endothelium-dependent components of the dilator response and transvascular concentration gradients for luminally and adventitially applied adenosine. A transendothelial diffusion barrier also reduces the ability of luminally applied antagonists to inhibit responses to adventitial adenosine.
A fast method for finding maximum range of motion in the hip joint (2007)

VRLAB
The Green’s function method of sensitivity analysis in quantum dynamics (1979)

The paper considers the sensitivity of quantum dynamics systems with respect to parameters or features in the underlying Hamiltonians. The analysis allows for the calculation of the gradient of the wave function with respect to any well defined system parameters in the Hamiltonian. Differential sensitivity equations are derived from the Schrödinger equation and their solution is expressed in terms of a Green’s function. For scattering problems the necessary asymptotic Green’s function can be exclusively expressed in terms of the available solution to the original Schrödinger equation. Also considered are problems from time-dependent quantum mechanics. In this latter situation sensitivity theory allows for the calculation of gradients of the time evolution operator with respect to system parameters. The scattering formalism is illustrated with a study of the anisotropy coefficient sensitivity in the collision of an atom and a ridgid rotor. The time-dependent theory was applied to a collision-free molecular beam translating through a region of space containing electric and magnetic fields. This case examined the sensitivity of the molecular transition probabilities to field parameters. These brief examples serve to illustrate the potential usefulness of sensitivity analysis in quantum dynamics.
Abstract 4658: Resveratrol aspirinate derivatives as novel chemopreventive agents for colon cancer (2015)

Abstract In more than a century of use, the benefits of aspirin have been exploited in different therapeutic areas, from inflammation to cardiovascular diseases and cancer prevention. However, the major limitation to the use of aspirin is its side effect to cause ulceration and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract. The present study found that resveratrol, a natural chemopreventive agent from grapes and berries, and its methylated derivatives can react with acetylsalicyloyl chloride to form resveratrol aspirinate (RAS) and related derivatives. Among all the synthesized derivatives, we found that RAS is the most active component and have much stronger growth inhibitory effect on human colon cancer cells (HCT-116 and HT-29) than resveratrol and aspirin along, as well as the combination of resveratrol and aspirin. In addition, we found that RAS can be hydrolyzed to regenerate resveratrol and aspirin in mice and in human colon cancer cells. Therefore they serve as prodrugs of aspirin and resveratrol and its derivatives. Compared to simply combining aspirin and resveratrol, RAS has not only greater growth inhibitory effects on human colon cancer cells, but also can prevent the damage of gastric epithelial cells caused by direct contact between aspirin and gastric mucosa. Further mechanistic studies found that RAS inhibited cell growth through regulating cell cycle arrest via down-regulation of cyclins D1 and E, and inducing cancer cell apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway. In addition, two stable RAS analogues, for the first time, were successfully synthesized to demonstrate the importance of the scaffold composed of resveratrol and aspirin in the anti-cancer activity of RAS. Our results demonstrated for the first time that resveratrol based aspirin derivatives represent a brand-new, safer and improved alternative to aspirin in anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory therapies. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Shengmin Sang, Yingdong Zhu, Junsheng Fu, Kelly Shurlknight. Resveratrol aspirinate derivatives as novel chemopreventive agents for colon cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4658. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4658
Formation Testing While Underbalanced Drilling (1997)

Abstract Underbalanced drilling is more and more considered an option for the drilling of low-pressured reservoirs and a method to prevent formation damage, especially in the case of horizontal wells. The production rate during drilling depends on reservoir characteristics and the degree of undcrbalancc. As such it carries similar information as a pressure transient test. However, the boundary conditions for this particular situation are distinctly more complex. Underbalanced drilling results in boundary conditions which vary with time. Measurements of these boundary conditions downhole would make it possible to de-couple the wellbore physics from the formation. The significance of such measurements can be shown by simulating the formation response to the time-varying boundary conditions. In order to do this, a (semi-)analytical model has been developed. The model describes the dynamic process of producing while lengthening the wellbore. It connects pressure with rate of penetration and can be used to predict production rates as a result. In addition we developed an analytical procedure that allows direct interpretation of the rate data, yielding estimates of reservoir parameters. A Boundary Element Model (BEM) has been developed to model the rate transient response for time varying well parameters (underbalanced drilling).
YidC-mediated Membrane Insertion of Assembly Mutants of Subunit c of the F1F0 ATPase (2006)

YidC is a member of the OxaI family of membrane proteins that has been implicated in the membrane insertion of inner membrane proteins in Escherichia coli. We have recently demonstrated that proteoliposomes containing only YidC support both the stable membrane insertion and the oligomerization of the c subunit of the F(1)F(0) ATP synthase (F(0)c). Here we have shown that two mutants of F(0)c unable to form a functional F(1)F(0) ATPase interact with YidC, require YidC for membrane insertion, but fail to oligomerize. These data show that oligomerization is not essential for the stable YidC-dependent membrane insertion of F(0)c consistent with a function of YidC as a membrane protein insertase.
Glyoxylic acid as an active site marker of yeast pyruvate decar☐ylase (1976)

As part of the research work carried out by the Working Group 3 of COST Action FP0702, the need for vibrational comfort design for buildings and current regulations for comfort assessment of structural vibrations of timber floors in Europe have been summarised. Also the design practices of timber floors with respect to vibrational serviceability criteria, including those for fundamental frequency, unit point load deflection and unit impulse velocity, in up to thirteen European countries have been gathered and their differences been further assessed by analysing flooring systems constructed with three types of joists, i.e. solid timber joists, engineered I-joists and metal web joists. The unit point load deflection criterion is the most crucial one for structural design of timber floors with various types of joists and usually dominates the whole design. Finland tends to be the strictest, followed by Italy, the Netherlands, Austria and Norway, while Denmark, the UK and Ireland are the most generous. Even though EN 1995-1-1 has given general criteria for vibrational serviceability design of timber floors, the variations in the design equations and design limits are still large in the European countries, and hence further harmonisation is still needed.
Experimental validation of structural health monitoring for flexible bridge structures (2005)

The complex behavior of flexible structures such as cable-stayed bridges poses a challenge to the field of structural health monitoring. Modes are often closelyspaced and coupled translational and rotational motions hinder modal identification. This study proposes a structural health monitoring technique that uses vibrational characteristics to detect, identify and quantify damage. The technique can be automated using a procedure based on the finite element method. The technique is validated on an experimental model designed for this study representing a cable-stayed bridge. Accelerometers are employed to measure vertical responses of the bridge, and an impulse hammer provides the excitation to the structure. Damage is successfully detected in the experimental bridge model. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genomic analysis of three Bifidobacterium species isolated from the calf gastrointestinal tract (2016)

Ruminant animals contribute significantly to the global value of agriculture and rely on a complex microbial community for efficient digestion. However, little is known of how this microbial-host relationship develops and is maintained. To begin to address this, we have determined the ability of three Bifidobacterium species isolated from the faeces of newborn calves to grow on carbohydrates typical of a newborn ruminant diet. Genome sequences have been determined for these bacteria with analysis of the genomes providing insights into the host association and identification of several genes that may mediate interactions with the ruminant gastrointestinal tract. The present study provides a starting point from which we can define the role of potential beneficial microbes in the nutrition of young ruminants and begin to influence the interactions between the microbiota and the host. The differences observed in genomic content hint at niche partitioning among the bifidobacterial species analysed and the different strategies they employ to successfully adapt to this habitat.
PLL-free synchronous QPSK polarization multiplex/diversity receiver concept with digital I&Q baseband processing (2005)

This synchronous quadrature-phase-shift keying (QPSK) receiver concept allows us to process signals in parallel after electronic demultiplexing. An automatic electronic polarization control with a control time constant in the low microsecond range is provided. It is followed by a phase-locked loop free carrier recovery. An intermediate frequency linewidth tolerance of up to 10/sup -3/ times the QPSK symbol rate is expected. Commercially available distributed feedback lasers shall, therefore, suffice.
Optimization of time-multiplexed computer-generated holograms with surrogate gradients (2022)

Gradient descent is an efficient algorithm to optimize differentiable functions with continuous variables, yet it is not suitable for computer generated holography (CGH) with binary light modulators. To address this, we replaced binary pixel values with continuous variables that are binarized with a thresholding operation, and we introduced gradients of the sigmoid function as surrogate gradients to ensure the differentiability of the binarization step. We implemented this method both to directly optimize binary holograms, and to train deep learning-based CGH models. Simulations and experimental results show that our method achieves greater speed, and higher accuracy and contrast than existing algorithms.
[Fabrication and study of sputtered NbN thin films]. (2005)

In this work the authors discussed the fabrication of NbN thin films deposited using two methods: reactive magnetron sputtering system and DC bias-voltage sputtering system. The thickness and the surface morphology of the thin films were measured and observed by SEM. The crystalloid structure was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The authors also measured the critical temperature (Tc) of the thin films. The authors compared the characters of NbN thin films that the authors prepared through two methods. The results showed that the films the authors prepared were uniform, compact, well constructed and sing-phase FCC delta-NbN. It is shown that the deposition temperature and the flux of N2 have a strong effect on the preferred orientation, while the critical temperature of the films is influenced by the quality of the original vacuum.
A simple, sensitive method for detecting early peripheral nerve dysfunction in the rat following acrylamide treatment. (1984)

The "ocular zingerone test" was employed to detect early alterations in peripheral nerve function which were associated with acrylamide intoxication in the rat. Acrylamide treatment resulted in a dose-related prolongation of the behavioral response to ocular zingerone. Significant alterations in the zingerone response occurred prior to detectable alterations in peripheral sensory and motor nerve function. Acrylamide-induced prolongation of the zingerone response appears to be the result of functional alterations in cholinergic neurotransmission in the autonomic nervous system. It is concluded that the "ocular zingerone test" is a simple, sensitive technique with which the degree of acrylamide intoxication may be quantified in the rat.
<title>Elements of real-space imaging: a proposed taxonomy</title> (1991)

Along with the marriage of motion pictures and computers has come an increasing interest in making images appear to have a greater degree of realness or presence, or `realspace imaging.'' Such topics as high-definition television, 3-D, fisheye lenses, surrogate travel, and `cyberspace'' reflect such interest. These topics are usually piled together and are unparsable, with the implicit assumptions that the more resolution, the more presence, and the more presence, the better. This paper proposes a taxonomy of the elements of real-space imaging. The taxonomy is organized around six sections: (1) monoscopic imaging, (2) stereoscopic imaging, (3) multiscopic imaging, (4) panoramics, (5) surrogate travel, and (6) real-time imaging.
Aero-Structural Discrete Adjoint Sensitivities in SU2 using Algorithmic Differentiation (2022)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-3358.vid In recent years, extensive research has been conducted on the integration of high-fidelity aero-structural analysis models in Multidisciplinary Design Analysis and Optimization (MDAO) applications for aircraft design. In this paper, we outline a number of key requirements for the implementation of such methods in industrial-scale design processes. These requirements have emerged from efforts to couple SU2 with external structural solvers, such as NASTRAN and the Airbus structural MDAO suite Lagrange, for gradient-based optimization using large-scale MDAO frameworks. We also detail the implementation and validation of a new discrete adjoint flow solver in SU2, providing previously unavailable partial derivatives required for the calculation of coupled aero-structural gradients. As part of this work, the Python interface of SU2 was revised and extended to enable easy in-memory integration of its primal and adjoint mesh deformation and flow solvers. The new discrete adjoint solver is demonstrated in sensitivity analyses for multiple test cases, varying in scale, geometric complexity, and flow conditions. Excellent agreement is observed between the new residual-based formulation and the existing fixed-point approach, as well as with finite-difference approximations. The newly available partial derivatives are exact, efficient to evaluate, and not susceptible to truncation and cancellation error.
“Open Access” Requires Clarification: Medical Journal Publication Models Evolve (2017)

While Arthroscopy journal is a traditional subscription model journal, our companion journal Arthroscopy Techniques is "open access." We used to believe open access simply meant online and free of charge. However, while open-access journals are free to readers, in 2017 authors must make a greater sacrifice in the form of an article-processing charge (APC). Again, while this does not apply to Arthroscopy, the APC will apply to Arthroscopy Techniques.
FDA Approves First Agent to Treat Locally Advanced, Metastatic Urothelial Cancer. (2020)

The FDA approved enfortumab vedotinejfv (Padcev)-the first drug to treat adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer who have received prior treatment with a programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/ programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1) inhibitor and platinum-containing chemotherapy.
Subpixel rendering on nonstriped colour matrix displays (2004)

Luminance resolution of colour matrix displays can be enhanced when subpixel resampling is used to render images, but at the cost of colour aliasing if appropriate filtering is not done. The problem has been effectively solved for the case of one-dimensional RGB striped matrix displays by using a high-pass chrominance filter, based on a human perceptual model, following resampling. In this paper we motivate the case of 2D subpixel geometries and suggest an extension to the ID solution.
Dynamic Duty-Cycle Scheduling Schemes for Energy-Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks (2011)

In this letter, we propose two novel dynamic duty-cycle scheduling schemes (called DSR and DSP) in order to reduce sleep latency, while achieving balanced energy consumption among sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with energy harvesting capability. In DSR, each sensor node is allowed to adjust its duty-cycle according to the current amount of residual energy only. Since the residual energy of nodes in energy-harvesting WSNs can increase over time due to their harvesting opportunity, the estimation of prospective increase in their residual energy is useful to achieve our goal. Hence, DSP allows each of sensor nodes to reduce its duty-cycle more aggressively in proportion to such an increase. Through NS-2 simulations, we verified that our proposed schemes outperform the duty-cycle scheduling scheme used in a representative existing MAC protocol such as RI-MAC.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Neutrophils transport antigen from the dermis to the bone marrow, initiating a source of memory CD8+ T cells. (2012)

The bone marrow (BM) has been identified as a possible organ for T cell priming, yet the fundamental mechanisms of a polyclonal immune response in the BM remain unknown. We found that after intradermal injection of modified vaccinia Ankara virus, unexpected sources of newly primed polyclonal virus-specific CD8(+), but not CD4(+), T cells were localized in the BM and the draining lymph nodes (dLNs) prior to blood circulation. We identified neutrophils as the virus-carrier cells from the dermis to the BM. In both neutrophil-depleted and Ccr1(-/-) mice, virus-specific BM CD8(+) responses were lost. Myeloid antigen-presenting cells were required for BM CD8(+) T cell priming. A systems biology analysis of dLN and BM virus-specific CD8(+) T cells revealed distinct transcriptional and multifunctional profiles for cells primed in each organ. We provide direct evidence for how antigen is transported to the BM, providing a source of virus-specific memory CD8(+) T cells.Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. PMID: 23142782
Markers for metastatic adenocarcinoma in serous effusion specimens (1994)

A variety of stains have been proposed as useful adjuncts to the morphologic diagnosis of serous effusion specimens. This study evaluates the sensitivity and specificity of nine stains for the detection of metastatic adenocarcinoma in effusions. Mucin cytochemistry with the Periodic acid-Schiff reaction after diastase digestion (PASd) and the mucicarmine method, as well as immunochemical staining for five glycoprotein antigens, was undertaken on 153 effusion specimens with histological and/or clinically confirmed diagnoses. Immunochemical stains included three antibodies to CEA (Dako polyclonal, 4E7 and A5B7) and antibodies to HEA (Ber-EP4), TAG 72 (B72.3), CD15 (LeuM1) and Epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) were evaluated. The sensitivity of the stains for adenocarcinoma (102 cases) was: PASd 37%; mucicarmine 24%; polyclonal anti-CEA 69%; 4E7 52%; A5B7 21%; EMA 91%; B72.3 44%; Ber-EP4 32%; LeuM1 24%. With the exception of EMA, none of the stains reacted with any cases of benign mesothelial cells (11 cases), reactive mesothelial cells (34 cases), or with six cases of mesothelioma. However, EMA staining was present in two cases (6%) of reactive mesothelial cells and all cases of mesothelioma. The optimal combination of stains for use in a panel was polyclonal anti-CEA/B72.3/PASd. Combined results from these three stains yielded a sensitivity of 83% for adenocarcinoma with no false positive results. It is concluded that special staining may provide valuable information to assist in the classification of difficult effusion cases.
Curcumin-like compounds designed to modify amyloid beta peptide aggregation patterns (2017)

This study suggests new concepts and potential difficulties in the design of novel drugs against diverse amyloidoses, including Alzheimer’s disease.
Spinal cord injury and male infertility. (2002)

Spinal cord injury (SCI) commonly affects males in their reproductive years. After spinal cord injury, most men experience fertility related problems including erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction, impaired spermatogenesis, abnormal sperm viability, motility, and morphology, genitourinary infection and endocrine abnormalities. In this article we will review the pathophysiology, evaluation and management of infertility in spinal cord injury. The impact of spinal cord injury on seminal plasma and the contribution of seminal oxidative stress to the poor sperm quality of men with spinal cord injury will be presented. Success with sperm retrieval techniques and assisted reproductive technology in SCI men with spinal cord injury will be discussed.
Synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanorods with a narrow size distribution (2015)

Production of ZnO nanorods with high crystallographic purity and PL emission properties.
Synthesis of Enantiomerically Enriched Isoquinoline Derivatives (2016)

Key words aromatic sulfonylimines - Morita–Baylis–Hillman reaction - asymmetric catalysis - gold catalysis - isoquinolines