gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Water‐Based Silver‐Nanowire Screen‐Print Ink for the Fabrication of Stretchable Conductors and Wearable Thin‐Film Transistors (2016)

A water-based silver-nanowire (AgNW) ink is formulated for screen printing. Screen-printed AgNW patterns have uniform sharp edges, ≈50 μm resolution, and electrical conductivity as high as 4.67 × 10(4) S cm(-1) . The screen-printed AgNW patterns are used to fabricate a stretchable composite conductor, and a fully printed and intrinsically stretchable thin-film transistor array is also realized.
Morphine Induces Bacterial Translocation in Mice by Compromising Intestinal Barrier Function in a TLR-Dependent Manner (2013)

Opiates are among the most prescribed drugs for pain management. However, morphine use or abuse results in significant gut bacterial translocation and predisposes patients to serious infections with gut origin. The mechanism underlying this defect is still unknown. In this report, we investigated the mechanisms underlying compromised gut immune function and bacterial translocation following morphine treatment. We demonstrate significant bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph node (MLN) and liver following morphine treatment in wild-type (WT) animals that was dramatically and significantly attenuated in Toll-like receptor (TLR2 and 4) knockout mice. We further observed significant disruption of tight junction protein organization only in the ileum but not in the colon of morphine treated WT animals. Inhibition of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) blocked the effects of both morphine and TLR ligands, suggesting the role of MLCK in tight junction modulation by TLR. This study conclusively demonstrates that morphine induced gut epithelial barrier dysfunction and subsequent bacteria translocation are mediated by TLR signaling and thus TLRs can be exploited as potential therapeutic targets for alleviating infections and even sepsis in morphine-using or abusing populations.
Conjugates of Semitelechelic Poly[N-(2-Hydroxypropyl)Methacrylamide] with Enzymes for Protein Delivery (1999)

The semitelechelic poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide] [poly(HPMA)] with a carboxyl end group was prepared with 3-mercaptopropionic acid as a chain transfer agent. Bovine seminal ribonuclease (BSR) and α-chymotrypsin (ChT) were modified with various molecular weights of active poly(HPMA) succinimidyl ester by the reaction with the amino groups of the respective enzyme. The modification of ChT did not significantly change the activity or the substrate specificity of the conjugates towards low-molecular-weight tripeptidic substrates. However, modified ChT activity towards the corresponding poly(ethylene glycol)-based synthetic substrate was significant. The activity decreased as a result of the elevated steric hindrance to the active site of the polymer-modified enzyme. Similarly, the ChT conjugates completely lost their proteolytic activity toward native bovine serum albumin. The autolytic stability of ChT conjugates was improved and the proteolytic stability of the ChT and BSR conjugates substantially increased compared with the free enzymes. The modification of ChT with poly(HPMA) significantly decreased the immunogenicity of ChT conjugates depending on the molecular weight of the poly(HPMA) and the degree of enzyme substitution.
An adaptive total variation regularization method for SAR image despeckling (2013)

In this paper, we introduce a total variation (TV) regularization model for SAR image despeckling. A dual formulation based adaptive total variation (ATV) regularization method is applied to solve the TV regularization. The parameter adaptation of the TV regularization is performed based on the noise level estimated via wavelets. The TV regularization based image restoration model has a good performance in preserving image sharpness and edges while removing noises and it is therefore effective for edge preserve SAR image despeckling. Experiments have been carried out using optical images contaminated with artificial speckles first and then SAR images. An evaluation index is designed to assess the effectiveness of edge preserve despeckling on SAR images, which is based on the ratio of the standard deviations of two neighborhood areas of a pixel with different sizes. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively suppress SAR image speckles without compromise the edge sharpness of image features according to both subjective visual examination and objective evaluation indices of image quality.
Molecular Events for an Epoxy–Amine System at a Copper Interface (2020)

Epoxy is a class of thermosetting resins and has been widely used as a representative example of structural adhesives. Nevertheless, it remains unclear how the epoxy resin and curing agent are present on the adherend surface and how they move around dynamically and react with each other to form a three-dimensional network. We here adopt a fully atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to study molecular events of an epoxy resin composed of hydrogenated bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and 1,4-cyclohexanebis(methylamine) at the interface using a narrow gap, which was sandwiched between copper surfaces. The depth profiles of the density, molecular orientation, and concentration in addition to molecular diffusivity at the interface are addressed. These are finally combined with the kinetics for the curing reactions at the interface. Although some of the information here obtained is accessible by experimentation, most is not. We believe that the findings of this study will lead to a better understanding of the adhesion phenomenon.
Cell-Mediated Immunity during Natural Measles Infection (1978)

Natural measles causes prolonged depression of cell-mediated immunity yet little is known as to how the infection influences lymphocyte function. Therefore, we studied the properties and function of lymphocytes during and after measles. The number and proportion of circulating thymus-derived lymphocytes was low during the acute stage of measles, and at this time 37% of these cells showed positive immunofluorescent staining for measles virus after stimulation with phytohemagglutinin. 7% of B cells were shown to contain virus but their numbers did not alter during the infection. Acute-phase lymphocytes, when stimulated, yielded infective virus and half were killed on incubation with autologous serum and complement. In acute measles the increase in [(3)H]-thymidine uptake of lymphocytes when stimulated with an optimal dose of PHA was normal in media with 10% fetal calf serum and low in media containing 10% autologous serum: the mean values were 56.8+/-34.1 and 23.7+/-25.9 cpm x 10(3) per 10(6) lymphocytes, respectively. Stimulation of acute-phase lymphocytes by Candida antigen was also low in media containing autologous serum averaging 1.2 x 10(3) cpm per 10(6) lymphocytes. On recovery 4-6 wk later this rose significantly to 18.9+/-19.8. The mean migration index of leukocytes to heat-killed candida cells in acute measles was 0.84+/-SD 0.08, and this fell significantly to 0.75+/-SD 0.08 4 wk later. Thus, depletion of T cells, an inhibitor of lymphocyte proliferation in the serum and a possible defect in antigen processing, interacts to depress cell-mediated immunity in measles.
upplementary Figure 3 from Anti-PD-1 Antibody Therapy Potently Enhances the Eradication of Established Tumors By Gene-Modified T Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;upplementary Figure 3 - PDF file 17K, Gr1+ cells express PD-1 and PD-L1&lt;/p&gt;
Molecular alterations underlying colitis-related colorectal carcinogenesis in a mouse model of induced colitis (2005)

6066 Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a diffuse inflammatory disease of the colorectum, which is often accompanied by the development of colon cancer from dysplastic precursor lesions. Development and progression of UC-associated colorectal cancer (CRC) involves multiple genetic alterations that appear to be different from those of sporadic cancer. Aberrations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and K-ras genes, hallmarks of sporadic colon cancer, are less frequently found in neoplasms arising in a background of inflammation. Mutation of β-catenin, a key component of both Wnt signaling and cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion, is rare while nuclear translocation of β-catenin is observed frequently in both sporadic and UC-associated colorectal neoplasms. Previous studies by this group have demonstrated that administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to Swiss Webster mice in combination with azoxymethane (AOM) results in the induction of flat and polypoid colonic dysplasias and cancers similar, both clinically and histopathologically, to those seen in UC patients. Based upon the observed ability of select chemopreventive agents to preferentially inhibit flat or polypoid lesions in this model, the present study was initiated to characterize and compare the molecular events that accompany the development of flat and polypoid dysplasias in the AOM/DSS model. Polypoid (N=28) and flat (N=21) lesions with high grade dysplasia were laser capture microdissected (PixCell II, Arcturus) to obtain a pure population of dysplastic colonic epithelial cells and DNA was isolated for mutational analysis. Neither mutation of K-ras nor p53 was detected in flat or polypoid precursor lesions by pyrosequencing or direct sequence analysis, respectively. The same colonic lesions were negative for p53 expression as assessed by immunohistochemistry. Although sequence analysis of the full-length β-catenin gene failed to reveal mutations in any of the lesions, nuclear translocation of β-catenin was observed in 100% of the polypoid and 92% of the flat dysplasias; a common feature of human UC-associated colonic dysplasias. Loss of heterozygosity of the APC gene was not detected. No significant difference in the mutational status of p53, K-ras or β-catenin was observed in flat and polypoid dysplasias. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of CRC in the setting of chronic inflammation is required before surveillance programs that are currently failing to accurately detect UC-related dysplasias/cancers can be optimized and efficacious chemopreventive regimens can be established for UC patients at high risk for colorectal cancer. (Supported by a grant from the AHEPA Cancer Research Foundation, Inc.)
Is Laser Technology Ready for Precision Tuning of Emission Wavelength of Arrays of Semiconductor Quantum Dots? (2018)

International audience
Liquid crystal based Rotman lens antenna with switchable monopulse patterns (2013)

ABSTRACT An electronically reconfigurable Rotman lens is described which generates multiple beams that can be switched from monopulse sum to difference radiation patterns when used in conjunction with a six element Vivaldi antenna array. This is achieved by exploiting the voltage‐dependent dielectric anisotropy property of nematic state liquid crystals to provide switched 0° and 180° phase shifts in the array feed lines. The viability of the concept is demonstrated by designing an antenna which exhibits dynamically reconfigurable monopulse radiation patterns over the frequency band 6–10 GHz. Measured and simulated results are shown to be in good agreement. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2721–2726, 2013
Ultrafast THz-driven electron emission from metal metasurfaces (2020)

Field-driven emission of electrons from metals is a technology that has had a large impact on science and society over the past century, for instance, in early and contemporary vacuum tube electronics, cathode ray displays, and high-power microwave and sub-millimeter electronics. In this Perspective article, we discuss the role of field-driven electron emission in the broader context of tunneling phenomena, and we discuss some aspects of the physics behind field emission. We focus on the use of ultrafast single-cycle transients of electromagnetic radiation in the terahertz (THz) frequency range to drive the electron emission process. With electric fields of such short duration, it becomes possible to generate electron bursts of sub-picosecond duration controllable on the sub-cycle time scale due to the large nonlinearity of the emission process. We review the recent literature on THz-driven field emission and then finally present selected experiments from our own laboratories to emphasize aspects such as design of the emitter structure with respect to optimal field enhancement properties, measurement of the electron bunch duration, visualization of the spatial emission pattern of emitted electrons, and material damage caused by the electrons.
Liquid phase separations by crystalline microporous coordination polymers (2010)

Crystalline microporous coordination polymers (MCPs) are highly ordered, porous materials that have recently seen increasing attention in the literature. Whereas gas phase separations using MCPs have been extensively studied and reviewed, studies on applications in the liquid phase have lagged behind. This review details the work that has previously been reported on liquid phase separations using MCPs. Both enantioselective separations and separations of complex mixtures have been achieved using either adsorptive selectivities or size exclusion effects. Molecules that have been adsorbed include those as small as water to large organic dyes. In many cases, MCPs outperform their zeolite and activated carbon counterparts both kinetically and in efficiency of separation. The future outlook for the field is discussed in the context of current challenges in separations technologies.
Proposal for fast-response radial Schottky junction photodetectors based on silicon nanowires (2015)

We propose a silicon-nanowire-based photodetector with a radial metal junction that is predicted to exhibit a significantly reduced response time. The width of the radial depletion layer across the nanowire can be controlled by adjusting the doping concentration of the silicon nanowire. We calculated depletion region widths for silicon nanowires of various diameters and doping concentrations, and then calculated the photogenerated carrier transit time, the RC time constant, and the diffusion time in the nanowire structure. We found that by using the radial junction configuration we could significantly improve the response time to 81 ps. We also found that the diffusion time for the photogenerated carriers depends strongly on the nanowire length and doping concentration.
Compiling Electronic Customer Relationship Management (E-CRM) Strategy with Approach to Balanced Scorecard (BSC) at the Level of MASKAN BANK (2014)

Survival of any market requires accepting its necessities and demands. In the market of financial services, banks have online offers and web-base services. Some viewpoints of E-CRM consider a combination of the three factors: people, process, and technology effective. CRM and E-CRM have been categorized in three groups: operational, analytical, and interactive .This research has been done in the second half of 2012 at Maskan Bank branches in Iran, and random sampling has been used for sampling method ,and questionnaires were distributed among the two statistical population of bank employees and bank customers and after validity and reliability confirmation of the research and proper tests to insure absence of unacceptable errors, Pearson and regression tests (t-value) were used to find the primary and secondary equation of the research. Contrary to initial assumption of the researcher, connection of some factors like, continuous improvement of electronic services, increase of exchanges speeding up of processes, and cost reduction of online exchanges were ineffective and were deleted from the research model. Then balanced score cards were designed for each aspect and operational methods were suggested and at the end the strategy plan has been designed and sketched.
Differential Regulation of Inflammation and Immunity in Mild and Severe Experimental Asthma (2013)

This study aimed at exploring innate and adaptive immunity in allergic asthma by investigation of mRNA expression of pattern recognition receptors, T-cell-specific cytokines, and transcription factors. Mouse models for mild and severe asthma, with similar pathological characteristics observed in humans, were used to study the involved inflammatory markers as a first step in the development of phenotype-directed treatment approaches. In the mild model, mice were sensitized to ovalbumin-Imject Alum and challenged with ovalbumin. In the severe model, mice were sensitized to trinitrophenyl-conjugated ovalbumin and challenged with trinitrophenyl-ovalbumin/IgE immune complex. Pulmonary airway inflammation and mRNA expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), NOD-like receptors (NLRs), T cell cytokines, and transcription factors in lung tissue were examined. Different mRNA expression profiles of TLRs, NLRs, T cell cytokines, and transcription factors were observed. In the mild model, Il10 showed the largest increase in expression, whereas in the severe model, it was Inf γ with the largest increase. Expression of Tbet was also significantly increased in the severe model. Inflammation and immunity are differentially regulated in mild and severe experimental asthma. This preclinical data may help in directing clinical research towards a better understanding and therapy in mild and severe asthmatic patients.
Altered Mental Status in Cirrhosis: Etiologies and Outcomes (2013)

Nearly one third of admissions in cirrhotic patients were due to AMS, most commonly caused by HE. The overall mortality of patients admitted with AMS was greater than with NMS, particularly for those with infection or structural lesions, emphasizing the importance of a search for these causes of AMS in all patients with cirrhosis.
Near Maximum Likelihood Detection Schemes for Wireless MIMO Systems (2004)

In this letter, we propose two near maximum-likelihood detection (MLD) schemes for multiple input-multiple output antenna systems over flat fading channels. The schemes are based on utilizing an initial estimate of the received symbol and improving it by selectively updating various bits within the symbol. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed schemes can approach that of MLD but with a significant reduction in complexity.
Magnetic domain state and coercivity predictions for biogenic greigite (Fe3S4): A comparison of theory with magnetosome observations (1992)

The discovery of bacteria that precipitate greigite within intracellular organelles (magnetosomes) offers new evidence about the origin of greigite in natural environments. Unlike magnetite, only scarce information is available about the magnetic characteristics of greigite. For this reason, and the present inability to grow these microorganisms in pure culture, it is not known whether or not the magnetosomes in the newly discovered greigite‐precipitating bacteria are of single‐domain (SD) size, as are the magnetosomes from magnetite‐precipitating bacteria. Hie hypothesis of natural selection for magnetotactic behavior predicts that the greigite‐bearing magnetosomes should also be single magnetic domains. Using previously reported magnetic properties and crystallographic features for greigite, we have calculated the size and shape boundaries expected for SD and superparamagnetic (SPM) behavior in this mineral. For further characterization of the greigite crystals, we analyzed the domain state at various length/width ratios assuming crystal shapes of parallelepipeds and prolate spheroids. Magnetite was used as control for the current theories supporting these calculations. We also present a simple algorithm to calculate the upper size limit of single‐domain grains. Our results show that the crystals of bacterial greigite characterized so far are located in the region close to the single‐domain superparamagnetic boundary and should have relatively low coercivity. If these crystals contribute to the magnetization of sediments, remanence produced by bacterial greigite could be mistaken for large, multidomain magnetite in alternating field demagnetization studies.
Chest pain: cause and consequence of coronary artery bypass grafting? (2001)

aPsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Multidisciplinary Pain Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA bMid-America Heart Institute, St. Luke's Hospital, 4401 Wornall Road, Kansas City, MO 64111, USA *Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-206-685-3184; fax: +1-206-221-5414 E-mail: [email protected] Accepted February 8, 2001.
Pharmacological Profile Of Nociceptin/Orphanin Fq Receptors (2002)

1. Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NC) and its receptor (OP4) represent a novel peptide/receptor system pharmacologically distinct from classical opioid systems. 2. Via OP4 receptor activation, NC regulates several biological functions, both at peripheral and central levels; therefore, the OP4 receptor may be viewed as a novel target for drug development. However, the pharmacology of this receptor is still in its infancy, with few molecules interacting selectively with this receptor. 3. In the present article, we review the findings of studies that have investigated the pharmacological profile of ligands selective for the OP4 receptor, these being two antagonists, the peptide [Nphe1]NC(1-13)NH2 and the non-peptide J-113397, and two agonists, the peptide [Arg14,Lys15]NC, and the non- peptide Ro 64-6198. 4. The results of these studies indicate that agents that selectively activate or block the OP4 receptor may represent new potential drugs for the treatment of human diseases.
Carbofilm-Covered Prostheses in Plastic Surgery (1993)

Bocchiotti, G. M.D.; Verna, G. M.D.; Fracalvieri, M. M.D.; Fanton, E. M.D.; Datta, G. M.D.; Robotti, E. M.D.; Caffee, H. Hollis M.D.Author Information
Practical 3 dimensional sound reproduction using Wave Field Synthesis, theory and perceptual validation (2012)

Sound ï¬eld reproduction using Wave Field Synthesis has been so far limited to the positioning of virtual sources and listeners in the horizontal plane only although the underlying formulation (Kirchhoï¬-Helmholtz) describes the reproduction of 3 dimensional sound ï¬elds in a 3 dimensional subspace. However, a strict use of this formulation would require a surface loudspeaker array with an impractical number of loudspeakers. The authors propose here an optimized formulation of Wave Field Synthesis in 3 dimensions that account both for the limitation of localization accuracy of elevated sources and the target listening area size. In contrast to other 3 dimensional sound reproduction techniques such as Higher Order Ambisonics, the proposed approach allows for irregular and incomplete loudspeaker layouts for targeting speciï¬c areas for virtual positioning and accounting for practical limitations in loudspeaker positioning. The paper also proposes a subjective evaluation of the proposed approach in an extended listening area. The experiment relies on elevated physical sources (loudspeakers) to be matched in localization with virtual sources reproduced with the proposed approach with a 24 channels loudspeaker array that covers the frontal quarter of the upper half of a rectangular room.
Regeneration pattern of cardiac and skeletal muscle after transplantation into a skeletal muscle bed in rats (1995)

These results show that skeletal muscle is capable of growth, regeneration, and integration with the cardiac muscle after cotransplantation. Combination of skeletal and cardiac muscle may prove useful in defining the cellular processes necessary for enhancing cardiac repair after injury.