gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrolyte and additive effects on enantiomer separation of peptides by nonaqueous ion-pair capillary electrophoresis using tert.-butylcarbamoylquinine as chiral counterion (2002)

Nonaqueous ion-pair capillary electrophoresis separations of N-protected (all-R)/(all-S) alanine peptide enantiomers with up to six amino acid residues using tert.-butylcarbamoylquinine as selector and employing the partial filling technique are presented. The effects of various conditional parameters on separation were studied, namely chemical nature of the capillary wall, solvent composition of the background electrolyte (BGE), acid-base-ratio (equivalent to apparent pH), ionic strength and selector concentration. The influence of the solvent composition (methanol-ethanol ratios) on resolution turned out to be rather complex. The separation of the peptide enantiomers was strongly altered by small changes in pH and ionic strength. An increase of the selector concentration was found to offer an easy way for enhancing enantioselectivity, although some drawbacks, e.g., elongation of run times, have to be considered. A method was developed that allowed the separation of N-3,5-dinitrobenzoyl oligoalanine enantiomers containing 1-6 amino acid residues in one run. Like in a recent high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) study, separation selectivity thereby decreased from 1.541 (Ala), 1.340 (Ala(2)), 1.054 (Ala(3)), 1.029 (Ala(4)), 1.024 (Ala(5)) to 1.020 (Ala(6)). In addition, all four stereoisomers of N-2,4-dinitrophenyl- and N-3,5-dinitrobenzyloxycarbonyl-protected alanylalanine could be baseline-resolved.
Studies on silane to 70 GPa (2008)

Raman and x-ray diffraction studies were made on silane in the diamond anvil cell using three different gaskets, stainless steel, tungsten and rhenium. The structure existing between 10 and 27 GPa is well characterized by the monoclinic space group P21c (#14). While the Gibbs free energy of formation of silane is positive at one atmosphere, it is calculated from the equation of state of silane and its reactants that this becomes negative near 4 GPa and remains negative until 13 GPa and then becomes positive again. At about 27 GPa, where quasi-quantum mechanical calculations suggest there should be a transformation from 4-fold to 6-fold (or even higher), the sample turns black. The Raman modes seize to exist beyond 30 GPa after showing softening above 25 GPa. At higher pressures it turns silvery. The gaskets play a different role as will be discussed. The sample brought back from 70 GPa contains amorphous Si (with attached hydrogen) as well as crystalline silicon. The lowest free energy system at high pressure is the decomposed reactants as observed.
B-Cell Epitopes of Intracellular Autoantigens: Myth and Reality (2000)

say employed, and the selection and number of
A new approach for the prediction of the neutron-induced SEU rate (1998)

A new approach for SEU rate prediction in components submitted to neutron environment is presented. The method aims to take into account the characteristics of the secondary particles in terms of electrical effect. So, in addition to the critical energy/charge criterion generally used until now, two criteria are tentatively proposed : a critical LET and a limited distance in which energy must be deposited. The starting point of each computation is a common neutron-silicon interaction database.
An electrospun polydioxanone patch for the localisation of biological therapies during tendon repair (2012)

Rotator cuff tendon pathology is thought to account for 30-70 % of all shoulder pain. For cases that have failed conservative treatment, surgical re-attachment of the tendon to the bone with a non-absorbable suture is a common option. However, the failure rate of these repairs is high, estimated at up to 75 %. Studies have shown that in late disease stages the tendon itself is extremely degenerate, with reduced cell numbers and poor matrix organisation. Thus, it has been suggested that adding biological factors such as platelet rich plasma (PRP) and mesenchymal stem cells could improve healing. However, the articular capsule of the glenohumeral joint and the subacromial bursa are large spaces, and injecting beneficial factors into these sites does not ensure localisation to the area of tendon damage. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop a biocompatible patch for improving the healing rates of rotator cuff repairs. The patch will create a confinement around the repair area and will be used to guide injections to the vicinity of the surgical repair. Here, we characterised and tested a preliminary prototype of the patch utilising in vitro tools and primary tendon-derived cells, showing exceptional biocompatibility despite rapid degradation, improved cell attachment and that cells could migrate across the patch towards a chemo-attractant. Finally, we showed the feasibility of detecting the patch using ultrasound and injecting liquid into the confinement ex vivo. There is a potential for using this scaffold in the surgical repair of interfaces such as the tendon insertion in the rotator cuff, in conjunction with beneficial factors.
The Gut Microbiome: An Advanced Understanding of Microbial Health Across Countries and Cultures (2017)

Recent research has shown that the microbiome of the human gut plays a significant role in an individual’s health. Gut microflora composition can be correlated with health or disease, such as Crohn’s disease and colon polyps. The gut microbiome is known to vary among individuals and across geo-locations. Therefore, measuring the extent of such variation is critical in determining the baseline microbiome. CosmosID has developed an innovative analysis platform to detect, identify, and characterize microorganisms in a metagenomic sample, using its ultrafast bioinformatics tool and curated databases containing more than 65,000 genomes. Over 500 whole genome shotgun (WGS) metagenomic sequenced samples of human stool of healthy and diseased subjects were downloaded from public databases, including the Human Microbiome Project (HMP). Samples from geographic locations, including Spain, Denmark, Tanzania, India, Japan, and the United States, comprised the dataset. The samples were analyzed using CosmosID’s automated cloud-based metagenomics software to investigate correlation of geographical location with the microbiome and to analyze differences between healthy and diseased microflora. Diverse gut microflora, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protists, were identified in samples collected from different geographic regions. Samples from the same geographic locations, such as Denmark and Spain, showed differences in microbiome composition, but more limited compared with samples from Tanzania. Additionally, the gut microbiome of healthy individuals from all locations revealed the presence of pathogens with genomic potential for causing disease. These results will be used to assess differences in gut microbial composition of individuals from different geographic locations and to characterize baseline compositions for future analyses. Subspecies and strain level data describing the microbiome of healthy and diseased individuals provide valuable in-depth information for the clinician, including identifying the community resistome and virulence. R. Colwell, CosmosID: Board Member, Salary. N. Hasan, CosmosID: Employee, Salary. M. Dadlani, CosmosID: Board Member and Employee, Salary
Using association patterns for discrete-valed data clustering (2007)

Statistical research in clustering has mainly focused on numerical data sets. It is difficult for existing clustering methods to apply to data sets involving nominal values. Besides, existing methods are seldom concerned with helping the users to interpret the results obtained. This paper proposes a novel clustering method that uses association patterns to obtain and characterize the clustering results. In many data mining applications such as basket analysis, association patterns have been used to capture relationship among events which can be easily understood by human. Using association patterns to describe the obtained clusters make the tasks of cluster interpretation and understanding easier. Experiments show that useful information can be readily acquired from the clustering outputs.
Dielectric properties and morphology of polymer composites filled with dispersed iron (2003)

Abstract The dielectric properties and the structure of various metal–polymer composites, based on a polymer matrix of polyamide (PA), polyethylene (PE), polyoxymethylene (POM), or blend PE/POM filled with dispersed iron (Fe) particles, have been investigated in this work. In PE–Fe, PA–Fe, and POM–Fe composites the filler spatial distribution is random. In the PE/POM–Fe composites, the polymer matrix is two‐phase and the filler particles are localized only in the POM phase, resulting in an ordered distribution of the dispersed filler particles within the blend. The concentration and frequency dependence of the dielectric permittivity, ε′, and the dielectric loss tangent, tanδ, are described in terms of the percolation theory. The experimental values of the critical exponents (namely, s , r , and y ) are in good agreement with those predicted by the theory for the composites with random filler distribution. The PE/POM–Fe composites demonstrate low value of the percolation threshold, P C , and high values of the critical exponents r and y . This is attributed to the specific structure of these composites. A schematic model for the morphology of the composites studied has been proposed. This model explains the peculiar behavior of the PE/POM–Fe composites by assuming ordered distribution of the filler particles in a binary polymer matrix. The proposed model is in good agreement with the results of optical microscopy. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 3013–3020, 2003
A Second Order Ensemble Timestepping Algorithm for Natural Convection (2018)

This paper presents a second-order accurate algorithm for calculating an ensemble of solutions to natural convection problems. Solutions are calculated by solving two uncoupled linear systems, each involving a shared coefficient matrix, for multiple right-hand sides at each timestep. Storage requirements and solution time are reduced. Stability and second-order accuracy of the method are proven under a CFL-type condition involving fluctuations of the velocity. Numerical tests are presented which confirm the theoretical analyses.
Antennes compactes en cavité pour applications GNSS (2018)

International audience
A Microfluidic Flow Chamber Model for Platelet Transfusion and Hemostasis Measures Platelet Deposition and Fibrin Formation in Real-time (2017)

Microfluidic models of hemostasis assess platelet function under conditions of hydrodynamic shear, but in the presence of anticoagulants, this analysis is restricted to platelet deposition only. The intricate relationship between Ca<sup>2+</sup>-dependent coagulation and platelet function requires careful and controlled recalcification of blood prior to analysis. Our setup uses a Y-shaped mixing channel, which supplies concentrated Ca<sup>2+</sup>/Mg<sup>2+</sup> buffer to flowing blood just prior to perfusion, enabling rapid recalcification without sample stasis. A ten-fold difference in flow velocity between both reservoirs minimizes dilution. The recalcified blood is then perfused in a collagen-coated analysis chamber, and differential labeling permits real-time imaging of both platelet and fibrin deposition using fluorescence video microscopy. The system uses only commercially available tools, increasing the chances of standardization. Reconstitution of thrombocytopenic blood with platelets from banked concentrates furthermore models platelet transfusion, proving its use in this research domain. Exemplary data demonstrated that coagulation onset and fibrin deposition were linearly dependent on the platelet concentration, confirming the relationship between primary and secondary hemostasis in our model. In a timeframe of 16 perfusion min, contact activation did not take place, despite recalcification to normal Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> levels. When coagulation factor XIIa was inhibited by corn trypsin inhibitor, this time frame was even longer, indicating a considerable dynamic range in which the changes in the procoagulant nature of the platelets can be assessed. Co-immobilization of tissue factor with collagen significantly reduced the time to onset of coagulation, but not its rate. The option to study the tissue factor and/or the contact pathway increases the versatility and utility of the assay.
Lesson 115 (1973)

en' words If you have difficulty typing words featuring the letters 'en', try this exercise.Revise numbers Test your Skill 7 minutes.MARGINS: Pica, 10-72; Elite, 15-85.Keep the right margin as straight as possible.Use double-line spacing.Mark all your errors and look up the suggested corrective exercises in the Clinic Index.Do you always move the carriage to one side when you erase mistakes?Is your machine one of those that needs cleaning each time the mechanic calls?
Optical breakdown in transparent media with adjustable axial length and location (2010)

We demonstrate a highly elongated (aspect ratio over 500:1) optical breakdown in water produced by a single pulse of a picosecond laser focused with a combination of an axicon and a lens. Locations of the proximal and distal ends of the breakdown region can be adjusted by modifying radial intensity distribution of the incident beam with an amplitude mask. Using Fresnel diffraction theory we derive a transmission profile of the amplitude mask to create a uniform axial intensity distribution in the breakdown zone. Experimentally observed dynamics of the bubbles obtained with the designed mask is in agreement with the theoretical model. A system producing an adjustable cylindrical breakdown can be applied to fast linear or planar dissection of transparent materials. It might be useful for ophthalmic surgical applications including cataract surgery and crystalline lens softening.
Performance of a Glucose Meter with a Built-in Automated Bolus Calculator versus Manual Bolus Calculation in Insulin-Using Subjects (2012)

Insulin-using patients made errors in more than half of the manually calculated insulin doses. Use of the automated bolus calculator in the FreeStyle InsuLinx meter minimized errors in dose determination. The patients also expressed confidence and preference for using the meter. This may increase adherence and help optimize the use of mealtime insulin.
Resistive Switching Behavior and Multiple Transmittance States in Solution-Processed Tungsten Oxide (2011)

In this work, a tungsten oxide (WO(x)) film is prepared using a thiourea-assisted solution process. We demonstrate a device composed of fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO)-glass/WO(x)/electrolyte/indium-tin oxide (ITO)-glass stacking electrochromic (EC) structure and Al electrodes that are locally patterned and interposed between the WO(x) film and electrolyte, which form an Al(top electrode)/WO(x)/FTO(bottom electrode) resistance random access memory (RRAM) unit. According to transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses, the WO(x) film contains nanosize pores and metallic-tungsten nanoclusters which are scattered within the tungsten oxide layer and concentrated along the interface between the Al electrode and WO(x) film. With application of voltage to the ITO electrode, multiple transmittance states are achieved for the EC unit due to the different quantity of intercalated Li ions in the WO(x) film. As for the Al/WO(x)/FTO RRAM unit, a bipolar nonvolatile resistive switching behavior is attained by applying voltage on the Al top electrode, showing electrical bistability with an ON/OFF current ratio up to 1 × 10(4).
Functional Oral Rehabilitation using Lollipop Candy for a Dysphagia Patient with Moderate Dementia (2015)

症例の概要：患者は73歳男性で脳血管性認知症を有しており，認知症病棟に入院中である．唾液や食物を飲み込みにくいという主訴の下，摂食観察を行ったところ多量の口腔内食物残留および喫食率の低下を認めた．また，嚥下造影検査（Videofluoroscopic examination of swallowing: VF）では，舌搾送運動の不良，嚥下反射の惹起遅延，ならびに口蓋から咽頭部にかけての食物残留を認めた．そこで，従来からの口腔機能リハビリテーションに加え，飴を舐める機能を応用したリハビリテーションを6カ月間行い，訓練介入前後および介入期間中の嚥下機能，口腔機能，口腔内環境，体重および摂食状況を観察したところ，舌搾送運動の改善，最大舌圧値，体重，喫食率の増加，口腔内の食物残留量や細菌数の減少を認めた．考察：中等度認知症患者に対し，従来のリハビリテーションに加えて，複雑な指示理解を必要としない飴を舐めるリハビリテーションを継続することにより，口腔内および口腔周囲筋の廃用防止と口腔内環境の改善につながったものと考えられた． 結論：6カ月間の本口腔機能リハビリテーションにより，口腔の機能と環境に改善を認めたことより，中等度認知症患者において，飴を用いたリハビリテーションが有効である可能性が示唆された．
The Inhibition of Insulin-stimulated Proliferation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Rosiglitazone Is Mediated by the Akt-mTOR-P70S6K Pathway (2008)

The inhibitory effect of rosiglitazone on RAoSMC proliferation in vitro and in vivo is mediated by the inhibition of the Akt-mTOR-P70S6K pathway.
Comprehensive review of PV/EV/grid integration power electronic converter topologies for DC charging applications (2014)

In recent years, there has been great interest in the research and development of electric vehicles (EVs). In the past 5 years, numerous EVs and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have been introduced in the market by auto manufacturers. However, with the increase in demand of EVs/PHEVs comes the need to provide charging facilities at convenient locations, for recharging of the on-board batteries. Fast charging is also a necessity for consumer convenience. Therefore, off-board charging infrastructures have to be looked at closely. This need for fast charging is creating a shift in EV charger development work to focus on DC charging facilities. This paper provides an overview of various power converter topologies used for a photovoltaic (PV) and grid connected DC charging infrastructures. Specific focus is placed on Z-source converters that can be used for a single-stage connection of PV, grid, and EV. PWM control techniques for off-board converters are also reviewed in this paper.
Reaction dynamics of O(1D)+HD. II. Effects of excited surfaces (1999)

To explore the effects of excited surfaces on the title reaction, an in-depth crossed-beam investigation was carried out at two collision energies, 3.7 and 4.6 kcal/mol. In combination with the results obtained at the lower energy, 2.05 kcal/mol (the preceding paper), the extent of abstraction contribution to total reactivity was deduced from the doubly differential cross-section measurements and its dominant dynamical features were revealed for the first time. The former was found to be in reasonable agreement with our previous estimate based on the excitation function data. We also present quasiclassical trajectory results based on accurate potential energy surfaces for the 1 1A′ and 1 1A″ surfaces. The trajectory results give approximately the same breakdown into insertion and abstraction components as in the experiments, and some aspects of the product distributions, such as the angular distributions, are in rough agreement. However, other aspects of the product distributions, such as the abstraction component of the product translational distributions, are in serious disagreement. Possible deficiencies in the potential surfaces and dynamics that could be responsible for these results are considered.
A tile-based 3D frame using a reconfigurable display matrix (2003)

No abstract available.
Mitigating Range Anxiety via Vehicle-to-Vehicle Social Charging System (2017)

Vehicle-to-vehicle charging/discharging system can provide more flexibility to electric vehicles (EV) with increased range operation. In this paper, we propose the usage of EVs with excess energy than they need as alternative charging points for other EVs that are in need of urgent charge energy. To this end, we develop a mobility model for EVs during their trips and provide communication with other EVs in proximity through a location based social networking system. Simulation results show that such a system can decrease the number of drivers with range anxiety yielding larger number of EVs operating in the area while providing mutual benefits to sellers and buyers without having installation costs of new dedicated charging stations.
Embodied Cognition is Not What you Think it is (2013)

The most exciting hypothesis in cognitive science right now is the theory that cognition is embodied. Like all good ideas in cognitive science, however, embodiment immediately came to mean six different things. The most common definitions involve the straight-forward claim that "states of the body modify states of the mind." However, the implications of embodiment are actually much more radical than this. If cognition can span the brain, body, and the environment, then the "states of mind" of disembodied cognitive science won't exist to be modified. Cognition will instead be an extended system assembled from a broad array of resources. Taking embodiment seriously therefore requires both new methods and theory. Here we outline four key steps that research programs should follow in order to fully engage with the implications of embodiment. The first step is to conduct a task analysis, which characterizes from a first person perspective the specific task that a perceiving-acting cognitive agent is faced with. The second step is to identify the task-relevant resources the agent has access to in order to solve the task. These resources can span brain, body, and environment. The third step is to identify how the agent can assemble these resources into a system capable of solving the problem at hand. The last step is to test the agent's performance to confirm that agent is actually using the solution identified in step 3. We explore these steps in more detail with reference to two useful examples (the outfielder problem and the A-not-B error), and introduce how to apply this analysis to the thorny question of language use. Embodied cognition is more than we think it is, and we have the tools we need to realize its full potential.
Surface versus solution chemistry: manipulating nanoparticle shape and composition through metal–thiolate interactions (2018)

Nanostructures with well-defined crystallite sizes, shapes, and compositions are finding use in areas such as energy, security, and even medicine. Seeded growth is a promising strategy to achieve shape-controlled nanostructures, where specific structural features are often directed by the underlying symmetry of the seeds. Here, thiophenol derivatives capable of different metal-thiolate interactions were introduced into the synthesis of Au/Pd nanostructures by seed-mediated co-reduction. Our systematic analysis reveals that the symmetry and composition of the bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) can be tuned as a function of additive binding strength and concentration, with symmetry reduction observed in some cases. Furthermore, additives with both thiol and amine functionalities facilitate random branching on the octahedral seed. Significantly, this synthetic versatility arises because the thiophenol derivatives modify both the surface capping of the growing nanostructures and the local ligand environment of the metal precursors, highlighting how the dual roles of synthesis components can be exploited to achieve high quality bimetallic nanostructures.
Virtual machines and data security (1973)

Our concern is the ability of the computing system to ensure that data under its control is accessed only in accordance with the explicit intention of the owner of the data, as expressed in the directory or access control table of the system.