gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Localization of borated constituents in steels using neutron irradiation and (n,$alpha$) autoradiography and solid track detectors (1973)

The principles of the method are described together with the preparation of samples, the detector used (cellulose nitrate), the irradiation and development conditions, and the image reader. The following two metallurgical applications are described: determination of boron in a stainless steel, 12R72HV, and in a soft laminated steel. (FR)
Functional studies of 18 heterologously expressed medium‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) variants (2014)

Medium-chain acyl-coenzyme-A dehydrogenase (MCAD) catalyzes the first step of mitochondrial beta-oxidation for medium-chain acyl-CoAs. Mutations in the ACADM gene cause MCAD deficiency presenting with life-threatening symptoms during catabolism. Since fatty-acid-oxidation disorders are part of newborn screening (NBS), many novel mutations with unknown clinical relevance have been identified in asymptomatic newborns. Eighteen of these mutations were separately cloned into the human ACADM gene, heterologously overexpressed in Escherichia coli and functionally characterized by using different substrates, molecular chaperones, and measured at different temperatures. In addition, they were mapped to the three-dimensional MCAD structure, and cross-link experiments were performed. This study identified variants that only moderately affect the MCAD protein in vitro, such as Y42H, E18K, and R6H, in contrast to the remaining 15 mutants. These three mutants display residual octanoyl-CoA oxidation activities in the range of 22 % to 47 %, are as temperature sensitive as the wild type, and reach 100 % activity with molecular chaperone co-overexpression. Projection into the three-dimensional protein structure gave some indication as to possible reasons for decreased enzyme activities. Additionally, six of the eight novel mutations, functionally characterized for the first time, showed severely reduced residual activities < 5 % despite high expression levels. These studies are of relevance because they classify novel mutants in vitro on the basis of their corresponding functional effects. This basic knowledge should be taken into consideration for individual management after NBS.
Vitamin D and narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy for chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (2023)

The effect of NB-UVB phototherapy on patients with CKD-aP correlated with their increase in serum vitamin D levels. Further well-designed clinical and experimental studies are needed to clarify the relationship between NB-UVB phototherapy and serum vitamin D levels in patients with CKD-aP.
Distribution of Trop 3 and 4 Antigens as Defined by Monoclonal Antibodies Raised Against a Human Choriocarcinoma Cell Line (1986)

The reactivities of Trop 3 and 4 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were studied on human term and 7-week extraembryonic membranes, adult tissues, and cell lines. Trop 3 MAb reacted with cells of chorionic villi, decidua, amniotic epithelium, and basal plate trophoblast. Trop 4 MAb reacted only with syncytiotrophoblast. On epithelium, Trop 3 MAb bound to stratified and glandular epithelium, but Trop 4 MAb reactivity was limited to basal keratinocytes. On peripheral blood mononuclear cells, Trop 3 MAb reacted with the majority of cells and Trop 4 MAb with the totality. Most cell lines were positive with both MAbs. However, one chemically induced MHC mutant was negative and another decreased its expression of Trop 3 antigen. Our results suggest Trop 3 MAb might recognize a monomorphic determinant of TLX antigens and Trop 4 is involved in cell proliferation or in cell-to-cell interaction.
Clinical Applications of FDG‐PET in Oncology (2002)

Positron emission tomography together with F-18-deoxyglucose (FDG) has emerged as a valuable clinical tool in the field of oncology. FDG-PET diagnoses, stages and restages most cancers with a high diagnostic accuracy. The effects of chemotherapy on tumour metabolism can be monitored with this whole-body technique. Recent studies have established a high prognostic accuracy of PET for predicting the clinical outcome of cancer patients. The current review addresses the role of FDG-PET for diagnosing, staging and restaging of lung cancer, colorectal cancer, lymphoma, melanoma and breast cancer staging and provides a brief outlook for future applications of clinical PET imaging.
Examination of the dual‐band microwave wireless access system using radio on fiber technique (2007)

Abstract The Radio on Fiber (ROF) technique has great potential in wireless communication systems. In this paper, we report on a fundamental examination of microwave wireless access systems based on Radio on Fiber. First, we designed and constructed examination systems by applying dual band (2.4 and 5 GHz) multiservice transmission systems and confirmed that there was sufficient performance through a transmission experiment. Then, application of FP‐LD (Fabry Perot Laser Diode) was considered in order to reduce the system cost, and for the most part degradation of the transmission characteristics was not observed when FP‐LD was used. Finally, a BIDI (bidirectional) module which integrated LD and PD within one package was made to further reduce costs. By measuring the transmission performance, applying the BIDI module to ROF systems was shown to be effective. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 160(4): 32–40, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20471
Tumor Targeting Peptides for Cytotoxic Chemotherapy Delivery (2001)

Abstract : Tumors cannot grow without a blood supply. The distinct characteristics of tumor vasculature make it possible to design therapeutic agents that specifically target the tumor, but not normal blood vessels. Identifying tools for therapeutic tumor targeting was the focus of the project. A new tumor-homing phage (F3) was isolated by combining ex vivo screening of a phage cDNA library on cell suspensions prepared from bone marrow and in vivo screening for tumor homing. The F3 phage recognizes the blood vessels in the MDA-MB-435 breast cancers and HL-60 leukemia xenograft tumors. Fluorescein-labeled F3, injected intravenously into mice, accumulates in the endothelium of tumor blood vessels. Small subpopulations of cells in the skin, gut, and bone marrow also pick up F3, but the vessels in normal tissues are all negative. F3 may be a marker of certain progenitor cells. Importantly, the F3 peptide can carry a payload, such as the fluorescein label, into the nucleus of the target cells. It may be particularly well suited as a carrier of drugs that act in the nucleus.
The AVR Reconstruction of Rectifying Gangteeth Based on Geometric Active Contour Model (2007)

A method of A VR reconstruction is presented to realize the course simulation of rectifying gangteeth from two perspective images of teeth model. In order to obtain accurate AVR reconstruction, we take the following measures: (i) Geometric active contour model is used to realize the teeth segmentation and get the edge curves of structure contour. The geometric active contour model is modified to enhance its performance, (ii) A simple and robust method was proposed to compute the fundamental matrix for 3d reconstruction. (Hi) Curve-based stereo is used to reconstruct the 3d structure of teeth. Experiment results show that the A VR reconstruction is successful.
Identification and type III‐dependent secretion of the Yersinia pestis insecticidal‐like proteins (2007)

Plague, or the Black Death, is a zoonotic disease that is spread from mammal to mammal by fleas. This mode of transmission demands that the causative agent of this disease, Yersinia pestis, is able to survive and multiply in both mammals and insects. In recent years the complete genome sequence of a number of Y. pestis strains have been determined. This sequence information indicates that Y. pestis contains a cluster of genes with homology to insecticidal toxin encoding genes of the insect pathogen Photorhabdus luminescens. Here we demonstrate that Y. pestis KIM strains produced the encoded proteins. Production of the locus-encoded proteins was dependent on a gene (yitR) encoding a member of the LysR family of transcriptional activators. Evidence suggests the proteins are type III secretion substrates. N terminal amino acids (100 to 367) of each protein fused to an epitope tag were secreted by the virulence plasmid type III secretion type. A fusion protein comprised of the N-terminus of YipB and the enzymatic active component of Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase (Cya) was translocated into both mammalian and insect cells. In conclusion, a new class of Y. pestis type III secreted and translocated proteins has been identified. We hypothesize that these proteins function to promote transmission of and infection by Y. pestis.
Generation of Carbonaceous Structures in Silica Aerogel (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeneration of Carbonaceous Structures in Silica AerogelFritz Schwertfeger and Ulrich SchubertCite this: Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 10, 1909–1914Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00058a023https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00058a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views292Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
One‐, two‐, and three‐dimensional root water uptake functions for transient modeling (2001)

Although solutions of multidimensional transient water flow can be obtained by numerical modeling, their application may be limited as root water uptake is generally considered to be one‐ or two‐dimensional only. This is especially the case for trees. The first objective of this paper is to test the suitability of a three‐dimensional root water uptake model for the simultaneous simulation of transient soil water flow around an almond tree. The soil hydraulic and root water uptake parameters were optimized by minimizing the residuals between measured and simulated water content data. Water content was measured in a three‐dimensional grid around a sprinkler‐irrigated almond tree for a 16 day period, following irrigation. A second objective was to compare the performance and results of the three‐dimensional flow model with one‐ and two‐ dimensional root water uptake models. For this purpose, measured water contents were aggregated in the x and y direction in the one‐dimensional case and in the radial direction for the two‐dimensional uptake model. For the estimation of root water uptake model parameters a genetic algorithm was used to estimate the approximate global minimum of the parameter space, whereas final parameters were determined using the Simplex optimization algorithm. With the optimized root water uptake parameters, simulated and measured water contents during the 16‐day period were in excellent agreement for all root water uptake models. Most significantly, the spatial variation in flux density below the rooting zone decreased when reducing multidimensional root water uptake to fewer dimensions, thereby justifying the proposed multidimensional approach.
Resistance of Enterococci to Aminoglycosides and Glycopeptides (1992)

High-level resistance to aminoglycosides in enterococci often is mediated by aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, and the corresponding genes generally are located on self-transferable plasmids. These enzymes are similar to those in staphylococci but differ from the modifying enzymes of gram-negative bacteria. Three classes of enzymes are distinguished, depending upon the reaction catalyzed. All but amikacin and netilmicin confer high-level resistance to the antibiotics that are modified in vitro. However, the synergistic activity of these last two antibiotics in combination with beta-lactam agents can be suppressed, as has always been found in relation to high-level resistance to the aminoglycosides. Acquisition of glycopeptide resistance by enterococci recently was reported. Strains of two phenotypes have been distinguished: those that are resistant to high levels of vancomycin and teicoplanin and those that are inducibly resistant to low levels of vancomycin and susceptible to teicoplanin. In strains of Enterococcus faecium highly resistant to glycopeptides, we have characterized plasmids ranging from 34 to 40 kilobases that are often self-transferable to other gram-positive organisms. The resistance gene vanA has been cloned, and its nucleotide sequence has been determined. Hybridization experiments showed that this resistance determinant is present in all of our enterococcal strains that are highly resistant to glycopeptides. The vanA gene is part of a cluster of plasmid genes responsible for synthesis of peptidoglycan precursors containing a depsipeptide instead of the usual D-alanyl-D-alanine terminus. Reduced affinity of glycopeptides to these precursors confers resistance to the antibiotics.
The alkyl glycidyl ether as synthetic building blocks (1994)

Abstract Alkyl glycidyl ether is one of the most useful key materials for industrial applications because the addition reaction of various kinds of nucleophilic reagents to the reactive epoxy bond of the glycidyl ethers has led to glyceryl ether derivatives. Glyceryl ether exhibits many interesting physical and pharmacological properties. The alkyl glycidyl ether can presently be produced at an industrial scale under the phase‐transfer catalytic Williamson ether synthesis. We have reviwwed some addition reactions of the alkyl glycidyl ether and possibilities for use as the building blocks for the syntheses of surfactants, pharmaceuticals, etc. that contain glyceryl ether skeletons. Typical examples of alkyl glyceryl ether derivatives include: amino ether as cosmetic material, and isodiglycerin mono‐ and dialkyl ethers and triglycerin monoalkyl ether as a cosmetic or a pharmacologically useful material, respectively. Another interesting reaction is the rearrangement of the epoxy bond of the alkyl glycidyl ether, which gives alkoxy ketone in a one‐pot synthesis.
The Exocyst Affects Protein Synthesis by Acting on the Translocation Machinery of the Endoplasmic Reticulum (2003)

We previously showed that the exocyst complex specifically affected the synthesis and delivery of secretory and basolateral plasma membrane proteins. Significantly, the entire spectrum of secreted proteins was increased when the hSec10 (human Sec10) component of the exocyst complex was overexpressed, suggestive of post-transcriptional regulation (Lipschutz, J. H., Guo, W., O'Brien, L. E., Nguyen, Y. H., Novick, P., and Mostov, K. E. (2000) Mol. Biol. Cell 11, 4259-4275). Here, using an exogenously transfected basolateral protein, the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR), and a secretory protein, gp80, we show that pIgR and gp80 protein synthesis and delivery are increased in cells overexpressing Sec10 despite the fact that mRNA levels are unchanged, which is highly indicative of post-transcriptional regulation. To test specificity, we also examined the synthesis and delivery of an exogenous apical protein, CNT1 (concentrative nucleoside transporter 1), and found no increase in CNT1 protein synthesis, delivery, or mRNA levels in cells overexpressing Sec10. Sec10-GFP-overexpressing cell lines were created, and staining was seen in the endoplasmic reticulum. It was demonstrated previously in yeast that high levels of expression of SEB1, the Sec61beta homologue, suppressed sec15-1, an exocyst mutant (Toikkanen, J., Gatti, E., Takei, K., Saloheimo, M., Olkkonen, V. M., Soderlund, H., De Camilli, P., and Keranen, S. (1996) Yeast 12, 425-438). Sec61beta is a member of the Sec61 heterotrimer, which is the main component of the endoplasmic reticulum translocon. By co-immunoprecipitation we show that Sec10, which forms an exocyst subcomplex with Sec15, specifically associates with the Sec61beta component of the translocon and that Sec10 overexpression increases the association of other exocyst complex members with Sec61beta. Proteosome inhibition does not appear to be the mechanism by which increased protein synthesis occurs in the face of equivalent amounts of mRNA. Although the exact mechanism remains to be elucidated, the exocyst/Sec61beta interaction represents an important link between the cellular membrane trafficking and protein synthetic machinery.
Overview of Low-Voltage Low-Power Design Techniques and Design Low-Voltage Low-Power Low-Noise Operational Amplifier (2013)

In this paper an overview of circuit techniques dedicated to design low-power low-voltage is presented. These techniques (a) dynamic threshold voltage MOSFET (DTMOS)  (b) bulk-driven and (c) current-driven bulk (CDB) are applied to design low-power low-voltage and low-noise CMOS operational amplifier (op amp) using sub-threshold region of MOSFET for bio-medical instrumentation operating with a 0.6 V supply. The operational amplifier is designed and simulated using TSMC 0.18μm CMOS technology. With DTMOS technique, the open loop gain is 60.51 dB, the unity gain-bandwidth (UGBW) is 12.08 kHz, phase margin is 52.3 degree and power consumption is 53.21 nW. With bulk-driven technique, the open loop gain is 49.04 dB, the unity gain-bandwidth is 3.32 kHz, phase margin is 71.96 degree and power consumption is 53.3 nW. With CDB technique, the open loop gain is 53.54 dB, the unity gain-bandwidth is 19 kHz, phase margin is 50 degree and power consumption is 55.79 nW. DTMOS technique provides high open loop gain, CDB technique provides high unity gain-bandwidth and bulk-driven technique provides better phase margin. Also DTMOS technique has less input-referred noise than the other methods.
Accumulation of Porphyrins in Plasma and Tissues of Dogs after &delta;-Aminolevulinic Acid Administration: Implications for Photodynamic Therapy (1996)

Protoporphyrin accumulates in tissues after administration of δ-aminolevulinic acid, and can be used as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy. To determine the distribution of porphyrins in a large animal model after administration of this porphyrin precursor, δ-aminolevulinic acid was administered to anesthetized dogs (100 mg/kg body weight intravenously) and porphyrin concentrations were measured in tissues (liver, pancreas, prostate, bladder, muscle and skin), plasma and urine for 6-10 h. Porphyrins increased markedly (up to 50-fold) in plasma within 1 h, were still markedly increased at 8 h, and consisted mostly of coproporphyrin III and protoporphyrin. Tissue porphyrin concentrations increased more slowly, were highest in liver, pancreas and prostate 7-10 h after δ-aminolevulinic acid administration, and were predominantly protoporphyrin. Maximum porphyrin concentrations in liver were 3- and 4-fold higher than in pancreas and prostate, respectively. Urinary δ-aminolevulinic acid excretion increased and was greatest 2-4 h after dosing; urinary porphobilinogen and porphyrins increased more gradually and remained increased up to at least 8 h. Coproporphyrin III was the predominant porphyrin in urine at all times, but hepta-, hexa- and pentacarboxyl porphyrins increased proportionally after administration of δ-aminolevulinic acid. These results indicate that porphyrins accumulate in plasma as well as tissues and urine after administration of δ-aminolevulinic acid, and may contribute to tumor necrosis during photodynamic therapy.
In-Clinic Versus Web-Based Multidisciplinary Exercise-Based Rehabilitation for Treatment of Low Back Pain: Prospective Clinical Trial in an Integrated Practice Unit Model (Preprint) (2020)

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> The recent onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to reduce barriers to access physical therapy and associated care through the use of web-based programs and telehealth for those seeking treatment for low back pain (LBP). Despite this need, few studies have compared the effectiveness of clinic-based versus web-based or telehealth services. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of clinic-based multidisciplinary therapy in an integrated practice unit (C-IPU) model with online integrated multidisciplinary therapy (O-IPU) in individuals undergoing conservative care for LBP. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> A total of 1090 participants were prospectively recruited to participate in a clinical trial registry (NCT04081896) through the SpineZone rehabilitation IPU program. All participants provided informed consent. Participants were allocated to the C-IPU (N=988) or O-IPU (N=102) groups based on their personal preferences. The C-IPU program consisted of a high-intensity machine-based core muscle resistance training program, whereas the O-IPU program consisted of therapist-directed home core strengthening exercises through a web-based platform. Changes in LBP symptom severity (Numeric Pain Rating Scale), disability (Oswestry Disability Index), goal achievement (Patient-Specific Functional Scale), and frequency of opioid use were compared between the C-IPU and O-IPU groups using multivariate linear regression modeling adjusted for age, gender, treatment number, program duration, and baseline pain and disability. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> Approximately 93.03% (1014/1090) of the participants completed their recommended programs, with no group differences in dropout rates (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=.78). The C-IPU group showed greater pain relief (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt;.001) and reductions in disability (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=.002) than the O-IPU group, whereas the O-IPU group reported greater improvements in goal achievement (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt;.001). Both programs resulted in reduced opioid use frequency, with 19.0% (188/988) and 21.5% (22/102) of participants reporting cessation of opioid use for C-IPU and O-IPU programs, respectively, leaving only 5.59% (61/1090) of participants reporting opioid use at the end of their treatment. </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> Both in-clinic and web-based multidisciplinary programs are beneficial in reducing pain, disability, and opioid use and in improving goal achievement. The differences between these self-selected groups shed light on patient characteristics, which require further investigation and could help clinicians optimize these programs. </sec> <sec> <title>CLINICALTRIAL</title> ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04081896; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04081896 </sec>