gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of Pediococcus pentosaceus IMI 507024 for all animal species (ALL‐TECHNOLOGY (IRELAND) LIMITED [Alltech Ireland]) (2021)

Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of <i>Pediococcus pentosaceus</i> IMI 507024 as a technological additive for all animal species. The additive is intended to improve the production of silage at a proposed application rate of 1 × 10<sup>9</sup> colony forming units (CFU)/kg fresh material. The bacterial species <i>P. pentosaceus</i> is considered by EFSA to be suitable for the qualified presumption of safety approach. As the identity of the strain has been established and no antimicrobial resistance determinants of concern were detected, the use of the strain as a silage additive is considered safe for livestock species, for consumers and for the environment. In the absence of data, the FEEDAP Panel cannot conclude on the potential of the additive to be a skin/eye irritant or a skin sensitiser. Given the proteinaceous nature of the active agent, the additive should be considered a respiratory sensitiser. The additive at the proposed application rate of 1 × 10<sup>9</sup> CFU/kg fresh material has the potential to improve the fermentation of the silages from easy to moderately difficult to ensile forages.
Task effects on BOLD signal correlates of implicit syntactic processing (2010)

BOLD signal was measured in sixteen participants who made timed font change detection judgments in visually presented sentences that varied in syntactic structure and the order of animate and inanimate nouns. Behavioral data indicated that sentences were processed to the level of syntactic structure. BOLD signal increased in visual association areas bilaterally and left supramarginal gyrus in the contrast of sentences with object- and subject-extracted relative clauses without font changes in which the animacy order of the nouns biased against the syntactically determined meaning of the sentence. This result differs from the findings in a non-word detection task (Caplan et al, 2008a), in which the same contrast led to increased BOLD signal in the left inferior frontal gyrus. The difference in areas of activation indicates that the sentences were processed differently in the two tasks. These differences were further explored in an eye tracking study using the materials in the two tasks. Issues pertaining to how parsing and interpretive operations are affected by a task that is being performed, and how this might affect BOLD signal correlates of syntactic contrasts, are discussed.
Dynamics of Matrix‐Fracture Coupling During Shale Gas Production (2019)

In this work, a dynamic permeability model for organic-rich shale is constructed and implemented into a flow simulation to investigate the impact on production. Effective stress and molecular transport effects on the apparent permeability are considered during the production. Using a sector model with a single hydraulically induced fracture, the dynamic nature of fracture-matrix coupling is investigated during the first year of production. The apparent permeability is found to be a strongly pressure-dependent quantity which improves transport near the fracture due to adsorption capacity of the rock and due to molecular transport mechanisms. This fosters drainage and leads eventually to a larger cumulative production. Away from the fracture, however, within the region of depletion, sensitivity to the stress is more pronounced which may impair the local permeability and reduce the production. Overall, the shale matrix could yield more fluid compared with the constant-permeability case. When the fracture-matrix coupling is considered during the production, an infinite conductivity fracture has negligible effect on the production trends. Production optimization efforts should focus on considerations to improve the flow rates in the matrix.
Factors Associated with Work Ability in a Population of Dock Workers (2021)

Background: Work ability consists in the balance between employee’s capabilities and work demands. It can be measured by the Work Ability Index, a validated questionnaire that has been used in Europe since 1980s. This study is the first evaluating work ability among dock workers, a workforce which carries out complex activities requiring physical and mental engagement (night shifts, irregular shifts, constant demand for attention and concentration and significant physical effort). Objective: It was hypothized that the high strain level affecting this peculiar job may lead to a decrease in work ability. The aim of the study was to assess work ability and investigate if and how much not work-related factors, such as psycho-emotional state, lifestyle, health conditions and socio-demographic aspects, can interfere with it. Psycho-diagnostic protocol consisted of 6 questionnaires, chosen because of fast and effective data collection aiming to worker compliance and simple interpretation of results. Method: A total of 105 workers was engaged in different companies involved in port services. A protocol consisting of 6 questionnaires has been applied individually before the work shift: Work Ability Index (WAI), Effort-reward imbalance questionnaire (ERI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results: Work ability resulted excellent in 60 subjects and good in 37. No significant correlation between individual characteristics and work ability was found. Our results indicated that work ability was negatively related with emotional states, particularly with anxiety. Univariate and multivariate linear regression model for work ability, have shown a statistically significant correlation with BDI, HAM-A and ERI questionnaires’ results. Conclusion: Our results showed that WAI is a useful tool for routine occupational health surveillance. The association of work ability with psychosocial factors suggests that actions at the workplace adopted by occupational physicians in order to prevent a reduction in working capacity, should have a multidimensional approach evaluating not only individual lifestyle, but also mood states.
Levodopa/carbidopa/entacapone 200/50/200 mg (Stalevo® 200) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease: a case series (2009)

Levodopa continues to be the most efficacious and widely used treatment for Parkinson's disease. Levodopa dosing is understood to be critical for the optimal control of symptoms, and increasing the levodopa dose is a common method to treat advancing disease. Escalating levodopa dosages coupled with disease progression is associated with increasing likelihood of developing levodopa-induced dyskinesia. Moreover, frequent and complicated dosing schemes, combined with limited dose availability, leads to increasing pill burden and its associated impairment of patient adherence issues. Levodopa/carbidopa/entacapone has been shown to improve the pharmacokinetic profile of levodopa and provide superior symptomatic control compared with conventional levodopa/dopa decarboxylase inhibitor therapy. We report four case histories describing clinical experience of using levodopa/carbidopa/entacapone 200/50/200 mg, one of the latest doses of this formulation, in a range of patients with Parkinson's disease. These cases illustrate that levodopa/carbidopa/entacapone 200/50/200 mg provides improvements in symptomatic control and convenience, and that switching to this dose was not associated with safety concerns.
Interaction-based Detection Strategy Against Probabilistic SSDF Attack in CSS Network (2020)

This paper investigates the malicious users (MUs) detection problem with M-ary quantized data against spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF) attack in cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) network. We consider a CSS network with M-ary quantized data, in which there are interactions among secondary users (SUs). We simplify the interaction process with proper assumptions. For the detection of MUs, we construct a detection architecture with SUs partitioned into groups of two. Then we propose a detection algorithm based on interaction. Simulation results prove correctness of the proposed theorem. Compared with previous detection schemes, proposed scheme shows better detection performance.
A Pragmatic Approach to Biases in Visual Data Analysis (2014)

Visual biases and more generally cognitive biases are a part of human life. Often to the frustration of the rational decision makers we aspire to be. Research into these biases has sparked a recent burst in interest, and more and more people are aware of possible pitfalls. In this paper, we argue that the consequences of biases during data analysis have to be considered rather than the occurrences themselves. In applying this, we distinguish between (visual) analysis for exploration and validation. Especially the latter turns out to be hard in some cases, indicated by a qualitative measure we call validation cost. Examples are provided of situations with a high validation cost and the role of visualization is discussed in these cases. For cases with a low validation cost, we argue that biases leading to false positives are far better than trying to avoid biases and ending up with false negatives.
Catalytic Solvent-Free Arsination:  First Catalytic Application of Pd−Ar/As−Ph Exchange in the Syntheses of Functionalized Aryl Arsines (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTCatalytic Solvent-Free Arsination: First Catalytic Application of Pd−Ar/As−Ph Exchange in the Syntheses of Functionalized Aryl ArsinesFuk Yee Kwong, Chi Wai Lai, and Kin Shing ChanView Author Information Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 36, 8864–8865Publication Date (Web):August 16, 2001Publication History Received13 December 2000Published online16 August 2001Published inissue 1 September 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja005875shttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja005875srapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views743Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chemical reactions,Functionalization,Ligands,Organic reactions,Salts Get e-Alerts
Standardized 11-color flow cytometry panel for the functional phenotyping of human T regulatory cells (2020)

T regulatory cells (Tregs) are a cell subset that can suppress immune responses to maintain homeostasis and self-tolerance. In some scenarios, the immunosuppressive nature could be associated to other pathological developments such as autoimmune diseases and cancers. Due to the importance of Tregs in disease pathogenesis, we developed and validated an 11-color flow cytometry panel for phenotypic and functional detection of Treg markers using healthy human donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Our panel contains 4 Treg surface proteins and 2 functional cytokines as well as T-lymphocyte lineage markers CD3, CD4, and CD8. Our data shows an increase in expression of markers CD25, FoxP3, CTLA4, GITR and intracellular cytokines IL4 and TGFβ when comparing unstimulated samples to CD3/CD28 bead stimulated samples. This 11-color panel can be used to functionally evaluate immunosuppressive Tregs in human PBMC samples.
Machine Learning Approach to RF Transmitter Identification (2018)

With the increasing domain and widespread use of wireless devices in recent years (mobile phones, Internet of Things, Wi-Fi), the electromagnetic spectrum has become extremely crowded. To counter security threats posed by rogue or unknown transmitters, we must identify RF transmitters not only by the data content of the transmissions but also based on the intrinsic physical characteristics of the transmitters. RF waveforms represent a particular challenge because of the extremely high data rates involved and the potentially large number of transmitters sharing a channel in a given location. These factors outline the need for rapid fingerprinting and identification methods that go beyond the traditional hand-engineered approaches. In this paper, we investigate the use of machine learning strategies to the classification and identification problem. We evaluate four different strategies: conventional deep neural nets, convolutional neural nets, support vector machines, and deep neural nets with multi-stage training. The latter was by far the most accurate, achieving 100% classification accuracy of 12 transmitters, and showing remarkable potential for scalability to large transmitter populations.
Effect of UV-C light or hydrogen peroxide wipes on the inactivation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium difficile spores and norovirus surrogate (2019)

Chemical disinfection wipes are widely used in healthcare facilities, but they are not recommended for use on handheld mobile devices which may harbour pathogenic micro-organisms. The powerful bactericidal, sporicidal and virucidal activity of this high dose UV-C light device, shows that this technology is a promising alternative to chemical disinfectants, particularly for control of MRSA.
Synthesis and esterolytic reactions of linear and cross‐linked asymmetric imidazole‐containing polymers (1987)

Abstract Asymmetric linear and cross‐linked imidazole‐containing polymers were prepared from 1‐[2(S)‐methylbutyl]‐4‐vinylimidazole and 1‐[2(S)‐methylbutyl]‐5‐vinylimidazole. The esterolytic reactions of these linear and cross‐linked asymmetric polymers with the enantiomeric substrates (R)‐ and (S)‐4‐(3‐methylpentadecanoyl)‐3‐nitrobenzoic acid, (R)‐ and (S)‐S , were studied by measuring the pseudo‐first order kinetics of the solvolysis of these enantiomeric substrates in the presence of these asymmetric polymers. The linear homopolymers and copolymers of 1‐[2(S)‐methylbutyl]‐4‐ and 5‐vinylimidazole showed hydrophobic and electrostatic effects in the solvolysis of the enantiomeric substrates with these linear asymmetric polymers. Cross‐links were introduced into these asymmetric polymers to increase the rigidity and reduce the number of conformations available to the polymer. The reduced conformational mobility was expected to enhance any enantioselectivity in the solvolysis of the enantiomeric substrates with these polymers. Using these cross‐linked polymers, hydrophobic interactions were observed in the solvolysis of a series of substrates with increasing alkyl chain length. Also, on changing the polarity of the solvent, a bell‐shaped rate profile was observed in the solvolysis of the long chain substrate S . This effect was attributed to a combination of the coiling of the cross‐linked polymer chains and hydrophobic interactions with the substrate on changing solvent polarity. Even with the increased rigidity of these cross‐linked polymers, no significant enantioselectivity in the solvolysis of the enantiomeric substrates was observed. So, neither the linear nor the cross‐linked asymmetric polyvinylimidazoles showed enantioselectivity in the solvolysis of these enantiomeric substrates. In this case, the hydrophobic interactions and the reduced conformational mobility through crosslinking were not strong enough to bring about enantioselectivity in the solvolysis of these enantiomeric substrates.
Hollow carbon spheres, synthesis and applications – a review (2016)

The first review of synthetic strategies and engineering applications of hollow carbon spheres is given herein.
Synthesis of kesterite nanopowders with bandgap tuning ligands (2015)

A rapid development of solar cells has been observed within recent years. Semiconducting materials based on Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 with the kesterite structure offer a promise of low‐cost and environmentally friendly solar cells. The energy gap of Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 , which is about 1.5 eV, can be optimized with addition of organic ligands. We report a method of obtaining kesterite nanopowders with grain diameter of approximately 5 nm via solution synthesis using metal chlorides and sulfur in oleylamine at 230 °C. The ligand exchange for diphenylamine upshifted the value of the bandgap to 2.2 eV, which makes it a promising material for an upper layer in tandem photovoltaic devices.
Healthy Weight Loss Maintenance with Exercise, Liraglutide, or Both Combined (2021)

A strategy combining exercise and liraglutide therapy improved healthy weight loss maintenance more than either treatment alone. (Funded by the Novo Nordisk Foundation and others; EudraCT number, 2015-005585-32; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04122716.).
The crystal structure of 5-benzoyloxyoctaethylporphyrin (1978)

5-Benzoyloxyoctaethylporphyrin, C43HsoN402, monoclinic, .P2~/c, a = 15.105 (1), b = 20-729 (2), c-=-
12-721 (1) A, fl = 112.05 (2) °, D m = I. 18, D c = 1.177 gcm -3 for Z = 4. The structure was solved by direct
methods, and refined to R = 0.0474, R w = 0.0510 for 4076 reflections measured on an automatic diffractometer.
The central porphyrin system is distinctly non-planar, and adopts a shallow saucer shape. A 'halfhydrogen'
atom has been located attached to each central nitrogen atom; however, it is not clear whether
these are truly representative of N-H tautomerism, or are crystallographic artifacts.
Effect of GutsyGumtm, A Novel Gum, on Subjective Ratings of Gastro Esophageal Reflux Following A Refluxogenic Meal (2014)

Chewing gum alleviates symptoms of gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) following a refluxogenic meal. GutsyGum(tm), a chewing gum developed to alleviate the symptoms of GER contains calcium carbonate, with a proprietary blend of licorice extract, papain, and apple cider vinegar (GiGs®). The efficacy of GutsyGum(tm) was determined in alleviating the symptoms of GER after a refluxogenic meal compared to placebo gum. This double-blind, placebo-controlled-crossover trial with a one-week washout between treatments had 24 participants with a history of GER consume a refluxogenic meal and then chew GutsyGum(tm) or placebo gum. Participants completed GER symptom questionnaires, consisting of symptom based 10 cm Visual Analogue Scales, immediately following the meal and then at regular intervals out to four hours postmeal. Adjusted mean ± SEM heartburn score (15-min postmeal to 240 min) was significantly lower in GutsyGum(tm) than in placebo gum treatment (0.81 ± 0.20 vs. 1.45 ± 0.20 cm; p = 0.034). Mean acid reflux score was significantly lower in GutsyGum(tm) than in placebo treatment (0.72 ± 0.19 vs. 1.46 ± 0.19 cm; p = 0.013). There were no significant differences for any of the secondary outcomes. However, pain approached significance with less pain reported in GutsyGum(tm) versus placebo treatment (0.4 ± 0.2 vs. 0.9 ± 0.2 cm; p = 0.081). Although nausea (p = 0.114) and belching (p = 0.154) were lower following GutsyGum(tm), the difference was not statistically significant. GutsyGum(tm) is more effective than a placebo gum in alleviating primary symptoms of heartburn and acid reflux (Clinical Trial Registration: ACTRN12612000973819).
Automated Documentation of End-to-End Experiments in Data Science (2019)

Reproducibility plays a crucial role in experimentation. However, the modern research ecosystem and the underlying frameworks are constantly evolving and thereby making it extremely difficult to reliably reproduce scientific artifacts such as data, algorithms, trained models and visualizations. We, therefore, aim to design a novel system for assisting data scientists with rigorous end-to-end documentation of data-oriented experiments. Capturing data lineage, metadata, and other artifacts helps reproducing and sharing experimental results. We summarize this challenge as automated documentation of data science experiments. We aim at reducing manual overhead for experimenting researchers, and intend to create a novel approach in dataflow and metadata tracking based on the analysis of the experiment source code. The envisioned system will accelerate the research process in general, and enable capturing fine-grained meta information by deriving a declarative representation of data science experiments.
A guided tour of the fast Fourier transform (1969)

For some time the Fourier transform has served as a bridge between the time domain and the frequency domain. It is now possible to go back and forth between waveform and spectrum with enough speed and economy to create a whole new range of applications for this classic mathematical device. This article is intended as a primer on the fast Fourier transform, which has revolutionized the digital processing of waveforms. The reader's attention is especially directed to the IEEE Transactions on Audio and Electroacoustics for June 1969, a special issue devoted to the fast Fourier transform.
Changes in expression of glial antigens M1 and C1 after cerebellar injury (1982)

In response to mechanical injury in the adult mouse cerebellum, Bergmann glia and astrocytes of the granular layer exhibit abnormally increased expression of M1 antigen, while expression of C1 antigen in Bergmann glia is reduced. these reciprocal changes in two different astrocytic antigenic determinants (each recognized by monoclonal antibodies) are easily detected in the immediate area of the wound 4 days after the lesion. Although loss of C1 antigen from Bergmann glia remains localized to the area of the wound, abnormal M1 expression becomes widespread in cerebellar astrocytes, also affecting the contralateral side of the injured cerebellum at its peak 8 to 12 days after injury. These findings suggest that previous observations of abnormal expression of the two antigens in the cerebellum of mutant mice (Sommer, I., and M. Schachner (1981) J. Supramol. Struct. 16: 53-74) might be interpreted with the view that a glial reaction to pathological state might be induced by genetically programmed neuronal cell death and/or abnormal development. We therefore postulate that expression of M1 in astrocytes that normally do not express this antigen and repression of C1 in normally positive astrocytes are indicative of a distinct functional state of astroglia, reactive gliosis.
Derived Piecewise Continuous Controller: Application to Nonlinear Mechanical X-Y Robot's Trajectory Tracking (2009)

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