gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Natural lithography (1982)

A new form of microfabrication is presented in which spherical colloidal particles are used to define a large area lithographic mask. A monolayer of colloidal particles is deposited in either random or ordered array over the entire surface of a macroscopic substrate. Large area random or ordered mosaic arrays of identical submicron microcolumnar structures are produced by using the colloidal particles as either an etching or deposition mask.
How versatile are inositol phosphate kinases? (2004)

This review assesses the extent and the significance of catalytic versatility shown by several inositol phosphate kinases: the inositol phosphate multikinase, the reversible Ins(1,3,4) P (3)/Ins(3,4,5,6) P (4) kinase, and the kinases that synthesize diphosphoinositol polyphosphates. Particular emphasis is placed upon data that are relevant to the situation in vivo. It will be shown that catalytic promiscuity towards different inositol phosphates is not typically an evolutionary compromise, but instead is sometimes exploited to facilitate tight regulation of physiological processes. This multifunctionality can add to the complexity with which inositol signalling pathways interact. This review also assesses some proposed additional functions for the catalytic domains, including transcriptional regulation, protein kinase activity and control by molecular 'switching', all in the context of growing interest in 'moonlighting' (gene-sharing) proteins.
Improvement of Motion Judder on Converted Images by Telecine at the TV Station (1996)

Video images converted from films show unnatural reproduction of movement. To correct this, it is necessary to utilize a motion compensation technique which has already been employed for television standards conversion. We modified an existing high-definition television (HDTV) standards converter[1] by adding the necessary functions for motion-compensated film-to-video conversion. To test the practicality of the modified converter, we detected motion vectors on it by using the video signals of images already converted from film by a telecine. Then we interpolated the images using the detected motion vectors to compensate for movement. The result was less unnatural movement and better quality moving images with respect to film-to-video conversion.
Enhanced Power Factor of PANI/GNP nanocomposites (2013)

Comunicacion presentada en la 11th European Conference on Thermoelectrics (ECT2013), celebrada en Noordwijk (Holanda) del 18 al 20 de noviembre de 2013.
Finite-size and finite bond dimension effects of tensor network renormalization (2023)

We propose a general procedure for extracting the running coupling constants of the underlying field theory of a given classical statistical model on a two-dimensional lattice, combining tensor network renormalization (TNR) and the finite-size scaling theory of conformal field theory. By tracking the coupling constants at each scale, we are able to visualize the renormalization group flow and demonstrate it with the classical Ising and three-state Potts models. Furthermore, utilizing this methodology, we reveal the limitations due to finite bond dimension $D$ on TNR applied to critical systems. We find that a finite correlation length is imposed by the finite bond dimension in TNR, and it can be attributed to an emergent relevant perturbation that respects the symmetries of the system. The correlation length shows the same power-law dependence on $D$ as the ``finite entanglement scaling'' of the matrix product states.
Rapid Determination of Sequence Selectivity and Stability of Alkylated Oligonucleotide Adducts by Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry (2003)

The binding of the antitumor antibiotics, duocarmycin C2 (pyrindamycin A), duocarmycin C1 (pyrindamycin B), hedamycin, and DC92-B to self complementary oligonucleotides (ranging from 6 to 14-mers) has been studied using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The duocarmycins bind via non-covalent interactions in the minor groove of DNA with subsequent alkylation of the N3 atom of adenine. Hedamycin and DC92-B are intercalating, alkylating agents that target the N7 of guanines within 5'-CGT, and to a lesser extent, 5'-CGG sequences. We show here that the site(s) of alkylation by these ligands are strongly influenced by the location of high affinity binding sites within these short oligonucleotides. These data clearly demonstrate value of using ESI-MS/MS to pre-screen ligand–oligonucleotide complexes prior to performing more detailed structural studies, since subtle selectivity differences have been detected by this technique that were not evident from conventional sequencing studies on larger segments of DNA.
A new way to characterize the fracture network using seismic velocity volumes (2013)

Monitoring the change in velocity models for series of equivalent time periods may help determine the evolution of fracture network growth. The 2005 and 2010 compressional (P) and shear (S) wave seismic velocity volumes, provided by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory at The Geysers geothermal field, were fed into the workflow presented in this article to monitor changes in the reservoir. We derived various properties of the reservoir by integrating these volumes and available lithology logs. We implemented geostatistical tools such as kriging to enhance the resolution of velocity volumes as well as creating 3D density volume from lithology logs. This study points out the changes in the reservoir properties during steam production. We discuss the stress variation and rock properties within the normal temperature reservoir(NTR) where most wells have steam entries. For each year, the associated average daily production and injection rates were plotted to assist in correlation of the fluid movement with derived volumes. This analysis has allowed determination of regions with potentially higher fracture densities and may provide better understanding of the effects of water injection on reservoir properties. Results from studies within the overall framework of the workflow may help operators to optimize injection schemes, improve the production profiles and locate potential zones of interest for future development.
Streaming Tensor Factorization for Infinite Data Sources (2018)

Sparse tensor factorization is a popular tool in multi-way data analysis and is used in applications such as cybersecurity, recommender systems, and social network analysis. In many of these applications, the tensor is not known a priori and instead arrives in a streaming fashion for a potentially unbounded amount of time. Existing approaches for streaming sparse tensors are not practical for unbounded streaming because they rely on maintaining the full factorization of the data, which grows linearly with time. In this work, we present CP-stream, an algorithm for streaming factorization in the model of the canonical polyadic decomposition which does not grow linearly in time or space, and is thus practical for long-term streaming. Additionally, CP-stream incorporates user-specified constraints such as non-negativity which aid in the stability and interpretability of the factorization. An evaluation of CP-stream demonstrates that it converges faster than state-of-the-art streaming algorithms while achieving lower reconstruction error by an order of magnitude. We also evaluate it on real-world sparse datasets and demonstrate its usability in both network traffic analysis and discussion tracking. Our evaluation uses exclusively public datasets and our source code is released to the public as part of SPLATT, an open source high-performance tensor factorization toolkit.
Survey on audiovisual emotion recognition: databases, features, and data fusion strategies (2014)

Emotion recognition is the ability to identify what people would think someone is feeling from moment to moment and understand the connection between his/her feelings and expressions. In today's world, human–computer interaction (HCI) interface undoubtedly plays an important role in our daily life. Toward harmonious HCI interface, automated analysis and recognition of human emotion has attracted increasing attention from the researchers in multidisciplinary research fields. In this paper, a survey on the theoretical and practical work offering new and broad views of the latest research in emotion recognition from bimodal information including facial and vocal expressions is provided. First, the currently available audiovisual emotion databases are described. Facial and vocal features and audiovisual bimodal data fusion methods for emotion recognition are then surveyed and discussed. Specifically, this survey also covers the recent emotion challenges in several conferences. Conclusions outline and address some of the existing emotion recognition issues.
[Urodynamics of neurogenic lower urinary tract disfunction caused by spinal cord injury]. (2002)

The maximum urethral pressure and maximum pressure of detrusor contractile were lower in the cauda-equina injury group than in other groups. The cauda-equina injury group showed a lower incidence of detrusor sphincter because most of these patients were incompletely injured. The features of urethral pressure profile in bladder/external sphincter cystometry resulted from the abnormal contraction of external sphincter and periurethral striated muscles.
Documentation of high-level bacillus Sphaericus 2362 resistance in field populations of Culex quinquefasciatus breeding in polluted water in Thailand. (2004)

Bacillus sphaericus (Bsph) Neide has been recognized as an effective mosquito larvicide since its discovery 20 years ago. Various strains of this agent, such as 2362, 2297, 1593, and C3-41, have been developed, formulated, and field-evaluated against mosquito larvae in different countries. Their high efficacy in controlling mosquitoes breeding in various habitats, especially those in polluted water, has been documented. However, resistance to Bsph has been reported in Culex pipiens complex in both laboratory colonies and natural populations. During our field trials on Bsph water-dispersible granules (WDG) against natural populations of Cx. quinquefasciatus Say in a low-income community, Nonthaburi Province, Thailand, control failure occurred within 4 months after 5 treatments using VectoLex WDG at the dosages of 50-200 mg/m2. The suspected Bsph-resistant Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes were collected and colonized in the laboratory, from which the late stage larvae of generations F14 through F17 were used in bioassays to elucidate the resistance profile. A high level of Bsph resistance was documented in this colony as compared with the susceptible mosquitoes from the same area in Thailand or from California, USA. The resistance ratios (RR) at LC50, depending on reference colonies, were 21,100-28,100-fold against Bsph WDG or greater than 125,000-200,000-fold against Bsph technical-grade material. These Bsph-resistant mosquitoes, however, were completely susceptible to Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis, (Bti) preparations, LC50 ranging from 0.017 ppm for technical material with 7000 ITU/mg to 0.052 ppm for water-dispersible granules with 3000 ITU/mg. The RR to mixtures of Bsph + Bti in this highly Bsph-resistant mosquitoes increased steadily upon the increase of Bsph ratios in the mixtures from 50, 75, 90, 95 to 99%. The resistance levels to the mixtures with various ratios of Bsph and Bti, however, were substantially lower than that in Bsph alone, suggesting addition of Bti to Bsph substantially enhanced the mosquitocidal activity (synergism) against these highly Bsph-resistant Cx. quinquefasciatus. Moderate tolerance to low levels of resistance to Bsph/Bti recombinant (RR 7.29-12.75 at LC50 and 5.15-13.40 at LC90) was also noted in this Bsph-resistant population.
HYDROLYSIS OF LECITHIN BY PLANT PLASTID ENZYMES (1955)

Enzymatic liberation of choline from egg lecithin by plastid fractions from sugar beet, spinach, and cabbage leaves and from carrot root was a rapid, first order reaction (up to 70% hydrolysis), and was not preceded by a lag phase. None of the choline-containing products of lecithin degradation (lysolecithin, glycerylphosphorylcholine, or phosphorylcholine) lost choline on incubation with spinach chloroplasts. Inorganic phosphate liberation from lecithin by the plastids was preceded by a lag phase and was much slower than choline liberation. Spinach chloroplasts catalyzed the liberation of inorganic phosphate from L-α-phosphatidic acid and from L-α-glycerophosphate. The water-soluble organic phosphate liberated from lecithin by spinach chloroplasts was identified chromatographically as phosphorylcholine. The ether-soluble organic phosphate produced during the hydrolysis of egg lecithin by carrot plastids was isolated and identified as L-α-phosphatidic acid. These observations suggest that the enzymatic hydrolysis of lecithin by plant plastids involves the following reactions: (1) lecithin → L-α-phosphatidic acid + choline; (2) L-α-phosphatidic acid → inorganic phosphate + diglyceride and/or (3) L-α-phosphatidic acid → glycerophosphate + fatty acids and (4) glycerophosphate → inorganic phosphate + glycerol; and (5) lecithin → phosphorylcholine + diglyceride. The L-α-structure for egg lecithin was confirmed.
Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor‐I in preterm infants with chorioamnionitis (2008)

Abstract Aim: The aim of our study was (i) to determine whether chorioamnionitis (CAM) is associated with an elevated soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor I (sTNFR‐I) level and (ii) to examine the time course of the concentration of sTNFR‐I in preterm infants after birth. Methods: We measured sTNFR‐I levels in the cord blood of 112 preterm infants (gestational age ≤34 weeks), and those in peripheral blood of 30 preterm infants on days 7, 14, 21 and 28. Results: The median value for the sTNFR‐I was significantly elevated in 33 infants with CAM at stage 3 (4618 pg/mL) compared with the 52 infants without CAM (2866 pg/mL), or the 13 infants with CAM at stage 1 (3638 pg/mL) and the 14 infants at stage 2 (3242 pg/mL). The severity of CAM is an independent factor for the elevation of cord blood sTNFR‐I. The sTNFR‐I level on day 0 was significantly higher in eight infants with CAM at stage 3 than in the 22 infants without CAM or with CAM at stage 1 and 2; however there were no significant differences on days 7, 14, 21 and 28. The serum level of sTNFR‐I showed a significant gradual decline with time. Conclusions: We suggest that there is an association between elevated sTNFR‐I levels in cord blood and maternal CAM, and this elevation may reflect the fetal inflammation. However the elevation of sTNFR‐I could not persist postnatally for a long time.
Homochiral fluoro-organic compounds. Microbial reduction of 1-fluoro-3-(p-tolylsulphonyl)propan-2-one and of 1-fluoro-3-(p-tolylsulphenyl)propan-2-one (1988)

The reduction of 1-fluoro-3-(p-tolylsulphonyl)propan-2-one (3) and of the corresponding sulphenyl derivative (5) with Baker's yeast and with growing cultures of several micro-organisms has been studied. The production of (S)-1-fluoro-3-(p-tolylsulphonyl)propan-2-ol (4) and of (S)-1-fluoro-3(p-tolylsulphenyl)propan-2-ol (6) in high enantiomeric purity has been achieved.
Filamentous phage as vector-mediated antibody delivery to the brain (2002)

Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is prevented by lack of means to visualize and target beta amyloid plaques in the brains of affected people. There are many methods of detecting amyloid plaques by staining postmortem brain tissue, but none are available for monitoring in living patients. We propose anti-beta amyloid antibodies as a highly specific probe to monitor amyloid plaque formation in living patients. Intranasal administration of filamentous phage as delivery vector of anti-beta amyloid antibody fragment into Alzheimer's APP transgenic mice enables in vivo targeting of beta amyloid plaques. The plaques were co-visualized both by thioflavin-S and fluorescent-labeled anti-phage antibodies in the olfactory bulb and the hippocampus region. The genetically engineered filamentous bacteriophage proved to be an efficient and nontoxic viral delivery vector to the brain, offering an obvious advantage over other mammalian vectors. The ability to image A beta deposits in vivo would arguably provide the most useful diagnostic and monitoring test for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
Contribution to Understanding Iodine Sorption Mechanism onto Mixed Solid Alumina Cement and Calcium Compounds. (2002)

An experimental study on the iodine sorption mechanism onto mixed solid alumina cement and calcium compounds was carried out. The solids were prepared by mixing the alumina cement with Ca(OH)2 and/or CaSO4·2H2O. Batch experiments were performed for iodine sorption onto the solid and iodine desorption from the solid that was obtained after a sorption experiment. In order to clarify the hydrates in the solids, X-ray diffraction measurement and scanning electron microscopic observation were adopted. The iodine sorption onto the solid proceeded to replace the OH- in 4CaO·Al2O3·13H2O by I- in solution to form the new hydrate, 3CaO·Al2O3·CaI2·12H22O. The results of sorption and desorption experiments showed that the iodine sorption proceeded reversibly and was independent of concentration of iodine up to 1×10-2 mole/dm in solution.
Tony Pawson OC OOnt CH FRS FRSC (2013)

It is with feelings of great sadness and loss that friends and colleagues at McGill University note the passing of Tony Pawson of the Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital and the University of Toronto. [...]
Psychoacoustic equivalent of period histograms [in memoriam Dr. Russell Pfeiffer] (1976)

In masking period patterns, the SPL of a just-audible triggered sequence of short high-frequency test-tone pulses varies as a function of their temporal spacing throughout the period of a low-frequency masker. These patterns seem to be a psychocoustic equivalent of neurophysiologically measured period histograms. The duration of the test pulses resembles the bin-width of the histograms. Optimal conditions for the measurement of masking period patterns were ascertained. The influence of the test signal parameters (duration, repetition rate, and frequency) was determined. Masking-period patterns elicited by 50-, 100- and 200-Hz pure-tone maskers of different levels are described and compared with corresponding neurophysiological data. The masking-period patterns show similar periodic maxima and minima as physiological histograms, revealing the time structure of the stimulus. At high masker levels, the patterns seem to reflect nonlinear distortions. For masker frequencies higher than 100 Hz, the difference between maximum and minimum of the patterns decreases and drops to zero at about 500 Hz. This masker frequency corresponds to the psychoacoustically measured critical duration of about 2 msec, up to which the ear is able of resolving temporal fine structure. The correlation of masking-period patterns with physiological data is discussed. Subject Classification: [43]65.58, [43]65.35, [43]65.75.
Crown Rust Resistance Loci on Linkage Groups 4 and 13 in Cultivated Oat (1996)

Crown rust, caused by Puccinia coronata, is the major fungal disease of oat. Resistance to crown rust is usually, but not always, controlled by single dominant genes in hexaploid oat (Avena spp.). Hexaploid oat lines A. byzantina cv. Kanota and A. sativa cv. Ogle were found to differ in their responses to the two crown rust isolates, PC54 and PC59. Seventy recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between these two lines were examined. Analysis of rust infection type data indicates that resistance to both of these isolates is due to multiple loci, with major effects exerted by two loci located on linkage groups 4 and 13 of the molecular map developed from this cross. Additionally, resistance to the two isolates could not be separated unequivocally and so resistance to both isolates is apparently influenced by each of the two loci identified. These results corroborate the growing evidence that the two homoeologous groups containing linkage groups 4 and 13 contain many disease resistance genes.
Self-Adaptive Multimethod Search for Global Optimization in Real-Parameter Spaces (2008)

Many different algorithms have been developed in the last few decades for solving complex real-world search and optimization problems. The main focus in this research has been on the development of a single universal genetic operator for population evolution that is always efficient for a diverse set of optimization problems. In this paper, we argue that significant advances to the field of evolutionary computation can be made if we embrace a concept of self-adaptive multimethod optimization in which multiple different search algorithms are run concurrently, and learn from each other through information exchange using a common population of points. We present an evolutionary algorithm, entitled A Multialgorithm Genetically Adaptive Method for Single Objective Optimization (AMALGAM-SO), that implements this concept of self adaptive multimethod search. This method simultaneously merges the strengths of the covariance matrix adaptation (CMA) evolution strategy, genetic algorithm (GA), and particle swarm optimizer (PSO) for population evolution and implements a self-adaptive learning strategy to automatically tune the number of offspring these three individual algorithms are allowed to contribute during each generation. Benchmark results in 10, 30, and 50 dimensions using synthetic functions from the special session on real-parameter optimization of CEC 2005 show that AMALGAM-SO obtains similar efficiencies as existing algorithms on relatively simple unimodal problems, but is superior for more complex higher dimensional multimodal optimization problems. The new search method scales well with increasing number of dimensions, converges in the close proximity of the global minimum for functions with noise induced multimodality, and is designed to take full advantage of the power of distributed computer networks.
Topological isomers of human uroguanylin: interconversion between biologically active and inactive isomers (1998)

The solution structures of the two compounds of human uroguanylin (I and II), which were generated during disulfide bond forming reaction, were found to be topological isomers by 1 H‐nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. These isomers are interconvertible in aqueous media at rates which vary with the pH and temperature of the solution. Because compound I is active in the cGMP producing assay, but compound II is not, this interconversion may be useful for evaluating the activity of human uroguanylin both in vivo and in vitro.
Secondary Cell-Mediated Cytotoxic Response to Syngeneic Mouse Tumor Challenge (1975)

When C57BL/6 mice previously immunized with murine sarcoma virus (MSV) were challenged with a Rauscher virus-induced lymphoma, RBL-5, a secondary cell-mediated cytotoxic response could be detected by the Cr release cytotoxicity assay. The level and distribution of the secondary cytotoxic response was affected by the route of challenge. Animals injected i.p. demonstrated a high level of cytotoxicity in the peritoneal exudate cells 3 days after challenge and subsequently cytotoxicity was detected in most lymphoid organs, although at lower levels. However, when the animals were challenged intramuscularly in the leg, the response was not detected as rapidly and furthermore cytotoxic lymphocytes were found only in the draining lymph node and not in other lymphoid organs. Treatment of the effector cells with anti-theta and complement showed the secondary response to be predominately dependent on T cells. In addition, the cytotoxicity was specific in that cells lacking cross-reacting antigens were not killed by these attacker cells from mice undergoing a secondary response.