gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparison of high-availability media recovery techniques (1989)

We compare two high-availability techniques for recovery from media failures in database systems. Both techniques achieve high availability by having two copies of all data and indexes, so that recovery is immediate. “Mirrored declustering” spreads two copies of each relation across two identical sets of disks. “Interleaved declustering” spreads two copies of each relation across one set of disks while keeping both copies of each tuple on separate disks. Both techniques pay the same costs of doubling storage requirements and requiring updates to be applied to both copies. Mirroring offers greater simplicity and universality. Recovery can be implemented at lower levels of the system software (e.g., the disk controller). For architectures that do not share disks globally, it allows global and local cluster indexes to be independent. Also, mirroring does not require data to be declustered (i.e., spread over multiple disks). Interleaved declustering offers significant improvements in recovery time, mean time to loss of both copies of some data, throughput during normal operation, and response time during recovery. For all architectures, interleaved declustering enables data to be spread over twice as many disks for improved load balancing. We show how tuning for interleaved declustering is simplified because it is dependent only on a few parameters that are usually well known for a specific workload and system configuration.
Adaptive broadcast for travel and traffic information distribution based on inter-vehicle communication (2004)

Conventional Traffic and Travel Information (TTI) systems are based on a centralized structure: Sensors deployed at the roadside monitor the traffic and transmit the results to a central unit, which performs a situation analysis. TTI is made available to the drivers via broadcast service (e.g. TMC/RDS) or on demand via cellular phone. In contrast to this centralized approach. a decentralized, Self-Organizing Traffic Information System (SOTIS) based on Inter-Vehicle Communication (IVC) has many advantages: It requires no expensive infrastructure. can provide detailed information for the local area with low delay and is available everywhere. In such an IVC based decentralized system, TTI is sensed by each individual vehicle. The information is analyzed, combined with TTI received from other vehicles and the results are distributed using recurring broadcast packets. In this paper; an adaptive broadcast scheme for efficient TTI distribution called Provoked Broadcast is presented. The algorithm favors the propagation of significant TTI changes within the self-organizing network. Nodes adapt their communication behavior to the local environment and avoid redundant transmissions. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated by using simulations of typical traffic scenarios. Compared to a strictly periodic broadcast, the new scheme decreases the average error of information available at an individual vehicle and still requires significantly less bandwidth.
In Situ Video‐STM Studies of Adsorbate Dynamics at Electrochemical Interfaces (2010)

The dynamic behavior of individual adsorbates at electrochemical interfaces was studied directly by in situ high-speed scanning tunneling microscopy, using sulfur adsorbed on Cu(100) electrodes in 0.01 M HCl solution as an example. By dosing from diluted Na(2)S solutions S(ad) coverages of a few percent can be prepared, with the sulfur adsorbates occupying positions within the c(2x2) lattice of coadsorbed chloride. S(ad) tracer diffusion occurs via hopping between neighboring c(2x2) lattice sites at considerably higher rates than those of sulfur on Cu(100) under UHV conditions, indicating a pronounced influence of the electrochemical environment on the adsorbate surface dynamics. The diffusion barrier linearly increases by 0.5 eV per V with potential and is strongly affected by neighboring S(ad) and surface defects. The S(ad)-S(ad) interactions extend over approximately 7 A. They are repulsive between nearest-neighbor and attractive between next-nearest-neighbor sites, respectively, and result in significantly reduced diffusion barriers. S(ad) on the upper terrace side of steps are transiently trapped and exhibit lower diffusion rates, leading to the formation of small metastable p(2x2) domains. Attractive interactions between S(ad) and domain boundaries in the c(2x2) adlayer result in boundary pinning as well as transient trapping and enhanced diffusion of S(ad) along the boundary.
Using XML and controlled vocabularies to achieve unambiguous knowledge acquisition from multiple heterogeneous medical data sources (2003)

In this paper we describe an innovative system that aims to integrate heterogeneous distributed healthcare information resources. It is based on the advantages of technologies like the extensible markup language (XML), controlled vocabularies (CVs) such as wordnet and the unified medical language system (UMLS), as well as the common object request broker architecture (CORBA). The proposed approach is based on three key functionalities: a) the user-transparent acquisition of each source's structural information, b) the lexical and semantical analysis based elaboration of the user's initial query and c) the appropriate combination of the results from the two previous functionalities, aiming to the selection of the query that corresponds with each source. CORBA is responsible for providing the interoperability between objects in this disparate distributed environment.
Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia with Upper Common Pathway Block (2023)

We present the case of a 34-year-old man with paroxysmal narrow complex tachycardias. An EP study revealed AVNRT with upper common pathway block. Our case shows a diagnostic approach and treatment for this rare scenario in the EP lab.
Octreotide, a Somatostatin Analogue, Fails to Inhibit Hypoxia‐induced Retinal Neovascularization in the Neonatal Rat (1999)

Twice-daily injections of octreotide failed to produce sustained decrease in serum GH, but produced rebound elevation of serum IGF-I. Accordingly, no statistically significant effect of injections on retinal pathology was noted. This finding, however, does not contradict our assumption that GH suppression may decrease the severity of retinopathy.
Investigation of Material Properties for Load Rating of Historical Bridges (2020)

More than 6,500 material test observations of historical reinforcing steel bars, structural steel, and concrete were compiled from the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) database. Statistical distributions were fitted to represent the strengths of concrete and different grades of steel from given eras. Strength values to be used in load ratings of historical bridges were determined based on the 5th-percentile strengths from these distributions. For bridges built prior to 1954, the data support a yield strength increase of up to 40% for reinforcing steel bars based on this approach. The compressive strength used for load ratings of bridges built prior to 1959 could be increased by up to 20% compared with the current guideline. Specific recommended values are applicable to load ratings of Texas bridges, whereas the statistical framework is applicable generally.
A multifaceted heuristic for the orienteering problem (1988)

The orienteering problem involves the selection of a path between an origin and a destination which maximizes total score subject to a time restriction. In previous work we presented an effective heuristic for this NP-hard problem that outperformed other heuristics from the literature. In this article we describe and test a significantly improved procedure. The new procedure is based on four concepts—center of gravity, randomness, subgravity, and learning. These concepts combine to yield a procedure which is much faster and which results in more nearly optimal solutions than previous procedures.
Nonfluoroscopic Guidance for Catheter Placement into the Coronary Sinus under Direct Vision Using a Balloon‐Tipped Cardioscope (1998)

The right atrial posterior septum, including the coronary sinus (CS) ostium, is an important landmark in radiofrequency catheter ablation therapy for supraventricular tachycardia or atrial flutter. The anatomical findings around the CS ostium would be useful to determine a target site or line during catheter ablation. The aim of the study was to test the ability of the imaging catheter to identify structures in the posterior septal area of the right atrium and to evaluate the feasibility of guidance for catheter placement in the CS using a cardioscope that we recently developed. In 12 anesthetized dogs, the cardioscope, consisting of a deflectable 7 Fr fiberoptic endoscope with an inflatable and transparent balloon, was introduced into the right atrium via the femoral vein. The cardioscope was manipulated to observe the right atrial posterior septum. A deflectable electrode catheter was inserted via the jugular vein and positioned in the CS under cardioscopic guidance. In 10 of 12 dogs, the right atrial posterior septum, including the CS ostium, and the tendon of Todaro could be anatomically identified by cardioscopy. It was possible to position an electrode catheter in the CS in all 10 dogs under direct vision without fluoroscopy. But the CS ostium could not be detected in the remaining two dogs, although the cardioscope was placed at as many sites as possible. No complication occurred. The balloon-tipped cardioscope appears to be useful in observing the right atrialposterior septum and in guiding an electrode catheter into the CS.
Blocking immune cell infiltration of the central nervous system to tame Neuroinflammation in Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2022)

Neuroinflammation is one of the main hallmarks of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Recently, peripheral immune cells were discovered as pivotal players that promptly participate in this process, speeding up neurodegeneration during progression of the disease. In particular, infiltrating T cells and natural killer cells release inflammatory cytokines that switch glial cells toward a pro-inflammatory/detrimental phenotype, and directly attack motor neurons with specific ligand-receptor signals. Here, we assessed the presence of lymphocytes in the spinal cord of sporadic ALS patients. Furthermore, we demonstrate that blocking the extravasation of immune cells in the central nervous system using Natalizumab (NAT), an antibody for the α4 integrin, reduces the level of interferon-γ in the spinal cord of ALS mouse models, such as the hSOD1<sup>G93A</sup> and TDP43<sup>A315T</sup> mice, modifying microglia and astrocytes phenotype, increasing motor neuron number and prolonging the survival time. Taken together, our results establish a central role for the immune cells as drivers of inflammation in ALS.
Modeling Longitudinal Metabonomics and Microbiota Interactions in C57BL/6 Mice Fed a High Fat Diet (2016)

Longitudinal studies aim typically at following populations of subjects over time and are important to understand the global evolution of biological processes. When it comes to longitudinal omics data, it will often depend on the overall objective of the study, and constraints imposed by the data, to define the appropriate modeling tools. Here, we report the use of multilevel simultaneous component analysis (MSCA), orthogonal projection on latent structures (OPLS), and regularized canonical correlation analysis (rCCA) to study associations between specific longitudinal urine metabonomics data and microbiome data in a diet-induced obesity model using C57BL/6 mice. 1H NMR urine metabolic profiling was performed on samples collected weekly over a period of 13 weeks, and stool microbial composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing at three specific time periods (baseline, first week response, end of study). MSCA and OPLS allowed us to explore longitudinal urine metabonomics data in relation to the dietary groups, as well as dietary effects on body weight. In addition, we report a data integration strategy based on regularized CCA and correlation analyses of urine metabonomics data and 16S rRNA gene sequencing data to investigate the functional relationships between metabolites and gut microbial composition. Thanks to this workflow enabling the breakdown of this data set complexity, the most relevant patterns could be extracted to further explore physiological processes at an anthropometric, cellular, and molecular level.
A Cross-Layer Architecture for Motion-Adaptive Video Transmission over MIMO Channels (2011)

In this paper, we study the impact of spatio-temporal variations of a video sequence on wireless MIMO video transmission. In the light of our findings, we propose a cross-layer MIMO video communication architecture for efficient multimedia communication. Existing methods complement Spatial Multiplexing (SM) and Space Time Block Coding (STBC) with enhanced source and channel coding strategies to improve video PSNR at a MIMO receiver. However, these methods ignore the adverse impacts of spatio-temporal content variations on video quality and decoding complexity. We show that the decision to switch between SM and STBC for effective video communication must be based on both channel conditions and motion intensity of a video. We quantify a video's spatio-temporal characteristics using a motion intensity measure, and propose a simple motion-adaptive MIMO video communication technique which can judiciously switch between SM and STBC configurations. Experimental evaluations show that the proposed technique provides significantly better video quality while having very low decoding complexity at the receiver. Based on this technique, we propose a novel cross-layer motion-adaptive architecture for wireless video communication.
Fracture zone Characterization—Micro-Mechanical Study (2007)

The experimental and numerical characterization of the fracture process zone in softwoods is presented.In-situ real-time Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used as a tool to examine the physical mechanism of fracture in softwoods (spruce) using end-tapered Double Cantilever Beam specimens.Fracture process zone has been characterized in terms of failure mechanisms.It was found that bridging behind the crack tip is the main toughening mechanism, which contributes to nonlinear wood bchavior in the presence of stress concentrations.
Stiffness of laminated glass: influence of different loading conditions (2009)

It is generally known that the stiffness of laminated glass varies between two ultimate states: the lower limit corresponds to the sum of the stiffness of the individual glass sheets (as if there were no interaction between the different layers), while the upper limit corresponds to the stiffness of a monolithic glass sheet with a thickness equal to the overall thickness of the laminate. Because the difference between these two extremes is significant (e.g. a factor of four for laminates with two glass sheets with equal thickness), it is quite important to have a good understanding of this behaviour. Although these two limits exist for all possible loading conditions, the type of loading, the temperature, the load duration, as well as the dimensions of the element can determine whether a laminate with certain material properties leans towards the upper limit, or towards the lower one. Because of this influence, it makes little sense to make a generalised statement concerning the actual stiffness of laminates. At the laboratory for Research on Structural Models, different series of finite element analyses are executed to increase the insight in this complex subject, in particular for bending and torsion. With this, more rational choices can be made when deciding on the composition of laminated glass elements.
Self-Commissioning Industrial IoT-Systems in Process Automation: A Reference Architecture (2018)

Distributed control systems are currently evolving towards Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) systems. However, they still suffer from complex commissioning processes that incur high costs. Researchers have proposed several so-called "Plug and Produce" (PnP) approaches, where commissioning shall be largely automated, but they have suffered from semantic ambiguities and usually rely on proprietary information models. We propose a novel reference architecture for PnP in IIoT systems, which is based on OPC UA and PLCopen standards and can reduce industrial device commissioning times across vendor products to a few seconds. Our proof-of-concept implementation can handle more than 500 signals per millisecond during runtime, sufficient for most application scenarios.
Overlay enhancement with product-specific emulation in electron-beam lithography tools (1994)

Electron-beam image–placement errors, commonly expressed as registration and overlay errors, are becoming increasingly critical as the device dimensions shrink into the subhalf-micrometer range. Contributors to image-placement errors include: (1) system limitations, i.e., noise and minimum exposure increment or least-significant bit (LSB); (2) column and resist charging; (3) substrate and carrier clamping; (4) resist stress; (5) thermal effects; and (6) mask-processing effects. This article attempts to quantify the magnitude of positional errors attributable to these effects using experimental data from x-ray membrane exposures under various conditions; when possible, a comparison to theoretical data is made. Although the image–placement errors from many of the previously mentioned contributors are typically very repeatable, they are difficult to eliminate. Methods such as discharge layers, decreased exposure time, and alternate resist systems can minimize the effects but may cause other problems such as defects due to an increased number of processing steps. A new method has been developed to address the repeatable errors. Pattern-specific errors for a particular exposure are measured, and a calibration known as product-specific emulation (PSE) is formed. This article explains the method used to accumulate the PSE data and demonstrates results on some dense product patterns.
A new peripheral planar structure allowing a symmetrical blocking voltage (2003)

A new peripheral symmetrical planar structure of junction termination type is presented, allowing symmetrical blocking voltage. This peripheral structure can be considered as a new element for power monolithic integration. Based on 2D simulations, this peripheral structure has been optimized to obtain the maximum two-directional breakdown voltage capability.
Role of PdxR in the activation of vitamin B6 biosynthesis in Listeria monocytogenes (2014)

Listeria monocytogenes PdxR is a member of the poorly characterized but widespread group of MocR/GabR-type chimeric bacterial proteins that have DNA-binding and aminotransferase-like domains. Using mutational analysis, real-time RT-PCR, transcriptional fusions, gel-shift assays, DNase I footprinting, and in vitro transcription, it was shown that PdxR is a direct activator of the pdxST operon, transcribed divergently from pdxR and responsible for the de novo synthesis of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), the major active form of vitamin B6 . PLP acts as an anti-activator of PdxR and is the only effector required to reduce the activity of PdxR. PdxR is also a negative autoregulator, and its ability to repress is increased by PLP. A dyad-symmetry sequence, which overlaps the -35 region of the pdxS promoter and lies downstream of the pdxR transcription start point, serves as an important element of the PdxR binding site. Unexpectedly, some mutations in this activator binding site, disrupting the dyad-symmetry element, caused constitutive, B6 -independent expression from the pdxS promoter. The data suggest that PdxR-like proteins, for which PLP plays just a signalling role, form a separate functional group among the MocR/GabR-type proteins.
General methods of synthesis of indole alkaloids. VI. Syntheses of dl-corynantheidine and a camptothecin model (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeneral methods of synthesis of indole alkaloids. VI. Syntheses of dl-corynantheidine and a camptothecin modelErnest. Wenkert, K. G. Dave, Ronald Gene. Lewis, and Peter W. SpragueCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 25, 6741–6745Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01001a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01001a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views385Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pose Analysis of Alpha-Carbons in Proteins (2005)

In this paper we present a novel method to describe the pose (position and orientation) distribution of amino acid residue pairs within a protein, which are proximal in space and distal in sequence. While the Ramachandran plot provides information of protein conformations using the φ and ψ angles between sequentially proximal residues, our method can offer six-dimensional relative pose information. Distribution data are visualized in the form of continuous distributions by using Gaussian distribution functions on SO(3) and R3. Hence, we discuss how the classical Gaussian functions can be generalized to capture both positional and orientational data. The method is applied to 168 protein structures in the Protein Data Bank and results are discussed.