gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hypertonic Medium Treatment for Localization of Nuclear Material in Bovine Metaphase II Oocytes1 (2002)

Oocytes enucleated at the second metaphase stage (MII) are often used as recipient cytoplasts for nuclear transfer. The oocyte's nuclear material has been traditionally removed blindly by aspirating the first polar body (Pb1) along with a portion of the cytoplasm. However, the Pb1-guided enucleation method is unreliable because the position of the Pb1 is variable. A previous study showed that pretreatment of mouse oocytes with 3% (0.09 M) sucrose allowed visualization of the metaphase spindle and chromosomes under standard light microscopy and led to a 100% enucleation rate. The same sucrose treatment, however, did not produce the same effect in bovine oocytes. In this study, we increased the concentration of sucrose to 0.3-0.9 M in PBS containing 20% fetal bovine serum (SPF) and found that the majority of the treated bovine oocytes (75%-86%) formed a small transparent bud into the perivitelline space, as compared with the 0.1 M sucrose (6%) or the no sucrose (0%) control groups. Staining of DNA with Hoechst 33342 revealed that these projections coincided with the position of the metaphase chromosomes in 100% of sucrose-treated oocytes, whereas only 31% of oocytes showed alignment of the position of Pb1 with their nuclear materials. Furthermore, 95% of oocytes treated in 0.3 M SPF were successfully enucleated by removing a small amount of cytoplasm adjacent to the projection. This is a significantly higher enucleation rate than that obtained by conventional Pb1-guided enucleation, even when a larger amount of cytoplasm was removed. For nuclear transfer, the enucleated oocytes treated with sucrose did not differ from the control oocytes in rates of fusion, cleavage, or development to blastocysts, or in the average cell numbers in blastocysts. This study demonstrated that 0.3 M sucrose treatment of bovine oocytes facilitates the localization of metaphase chromosomes under normal light microscopy and hence increases enucleation efficiency without compromising the in vitro development potential of cloned embryos by nuclear transfer.
Calcium Uptake, Respiration, and Ultrastructure of Sperm Exposed to Ionophore A23187 (1987)

A rare spermatological malformation was seen in a 40 year old Turkish man with unexplained infertility since 17 years. Most of the spermatozoa were completely stiff, some of them developed a decreased motility confined only to the end of the flagellum. Electron microscopy studies revealed strongly elongated and partly disorganized mitochondrial sheaths; cytoplasma droplets were found frequently.
Real time services for future cloud computing enabled vehicle networks (2011)

Cloud computing technique is gaining more and more popularity recently. It can be applied to the vehicle applications to ensure real time performance as well as to improve accuracy and comfort degree for drivers. In this paper, we propose our novel vehicle cloud architecture which includes device level, communication level and service level. Each of these levels is explained in further detail with flow chart and taxonomy definition. Some innovative and real time vehicle cloud services are introduced to show the wide potential applications of vehicles and some discussion about research challenges, context classification is also provided.
RNA-Seq and find: entering the RNA deep field (2011)

Initial high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) experiments have revealed a complex and dynamic transcriptome, but because it samples transcripts in proportion to their abundances, assessing the extent and nature of low-level transcription using this technique has been difficult. A new assay, RNA CaptureSeq, addresses this limitation of RNA-Seq by enriching for low-level transcripts with cDNA tiling arrays prior to high-throughput sequencing. This approach reveals a plethora of transcripts that have been previously dismissed as 'noise', and hints at single-cell transcription fingerprints that may be crucial in defining cellular function in normal and disease states.
Data from A Novel Monoclonal Antibody to Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 2 Inhibits Tumor Growth (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) is overexpressed in human angiosarcoma and breast cancer and stimulates angiogenesis via activation of the calcineurin/NFATc3 pathway. There are conflicting reports in the literature as to whether SFRP2 is an antagonist or agonist of β-catenin. The aims of these studies were to assess the effects of SFRP2 antagonism on tumor growth and Wnt-signaling and to evaluate whether SFRP2 is a viable therapeutic target. The antiangiogenic and antitumor properties of SFRP2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) were assessed using &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; proliferation, migration, tube formation assays, and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; angiosarcoma and triple-negative breast cancer models. Wnt-signaling was assessed in endothelial and tumor cells treated with SFRP2 mAb using Western blotting. Pharmacokinetic and biodistribution data were generated in tumor-bearing and nontumor-bearing mice. SFRP2 mAb was shown to induce antitumor and antiangiogenic effects &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and inhibit activation of β-catenin and nuclear factor of activated T-cells c3 (NFATc3) in endothelial and tumor cells. Treatment of SVR angiosarcoma allografts in nude mice with the SFRP2 mAb decreased tumor volume by 58% compared with control (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.004). Treatment of MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma xenografts with SFRP2 mAb decreased tumor volume by 52% (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.03) compared with control, whereas bevacizumab did not significantly reduce tumor volume. Pharmacokinetic studies show the antibody is long circulating in the blood and preferentially accumulates in SFRP2-positive tumors. In conclusion, antagonizing SFRP2 inhibits activation of β-catenin and NFATc3 in endothelial and tumor cells and is a novel therapeutic approach for inhibiting angiosarcoma and triple-negative breast cancer. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Ther; 12(5); 685–95. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Statistical electromigration budgeting for reliable design and verification in a 300-MHz microprocessor (2002)

Statistical Electromigration Budgeting (SEB) is a novel method for setting and verifying electromigration (EM) design requirements for VLSI interconnect. SEB exploits the statistical nature of EM reliability to selectively supersede fixed current density design rules for some interconnect, allowing increased chip performance while simultaneously quantifying chip-level EM reliability to directly assure design conformance to reliability requirements. The concept and method of SEB are introduced, and some results from its application in the design and verification of the Alpha 21164300 microprocessor are given.
Sequence-specific affinity selection of mammalian splicing complexes (1990)

Antisense oligonucleotides made of 2'-OMe RNA are shown to bind specifically and efficiently to targeted sites on pre-mRNA substrates, allowing affinity selection of splicing complexes using streptavidin/biotin chromatography. The position of probe binding to the pre-mRNA influences which type of splicing complex can be selected. The accessibility of pre-mRNA sequences to antisense probes changes during the course of the splicing reaction. U1, U2, U4, U5 and U6 snRNAs are all detected in affinity-selected mammalian splicing complexes. However, antisense oligonucleotides targeted to snRNAs can block the binding of specific snRNPs to pre-mRNA. Quantitative affinity selection analyses show that only a small fraction of snRNPs in a HeLa nuclear splicing extract participate in spliceosome formation.
Proposed Mechanisms of Transfusion-Induced Immunomodulation (1999)

The effects of blood transfusion on the functions of the immune system have been studied in humans and laboratory animals for more than 25 years. It is becoming customary to refer to these effects on the immune system as “immunomodulatory,” as they may involve augmentation as well as suppression
The brain parenchyma has a type I interferon response that can limit virus spread (2016)

The brain has a tightly regulated environment that protects neurons and limits inflammation, designated "immune privilege." However, there is not an absolute lack of an immune response. We tested the ability of the brain to initiate an innate immune response to a virus, which was directly injected into the brain parenchyma, and to determine whether this response could limit viral spread. We injected vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a transsynaptic tracer, or naturally occurring VSV-derived defective interfering particles (DIPs), into the caudate-putamen (CP) and scored for an innate immune response and inhibition of virus spread. We found that the brain parenchyma has a functional type I interferon (IFN) response that can limit VSV spread at both the inoculation site and among synaptically connected neurons. Furthermore, we characterized the response of microglia to VSV infection and found that infected microglia produced type I IFN and uninfected microglia induced an innate immune response following virus injection.
Dense and Sparse Matrix Operations on the Cell Processor (2005)

The slowing pace of commodity microprocessor performance improvements combined with ever-increasing chip power demands has become of utmost concern to computational scientists. Therefore, the high performance computing community is examining alternative architectures that address the limitations of modern superscalar designs. In this work, we examine STI's forthcoming Cell processor: a novel, low-power architecture that combines a PowerPC core with eight independent SIMD processing units coupled with a software-controlled memory to offer high FLOP/s/Watt. Since neither Cell hardware nor cycle-accurate simulators are currently publicly available, we develop an analytic framework to predict Cell performance on dense and sparse matrix operations, using a variety of algorithmic approaches. Results demonstrate Cell's potential to deliver more than an order of magnitude better GFLOP/s per watt performance, when compared with the Intel Itanium2 and Cray X1 processors.
Biochemical Properties of Bovine Granulocytes (1978)

Granulocyte fractions, containing an average of about 92% neutrophils, were isolated from bovine blood. The electron microscope observation of these fractions showed that neutrophil granules have different shapes, but are all highly and homogeneously electron-dense. With respect to the granulocytes of human blood, bovine cells appear to have a lower content of azurophil enzymes and virtually lack lysozyme. Lysates of bovine granulocytes efficiently kill both E. coli (at pH 6.0 and 7.4) and S. aureus (mainly at pH 7.4). When exposed to opsonized B. mycoides, intact bovine granulocytes exhibit a marked enhancement in oxygen consumption, generation of O2- and H2O2, and glucose oxidation through the hexose monophosphate pathway. About 15% of the total oxygen reduced is recovered extracellularly as O2-. Hydrogen peroxide generated by phagocytizing cells is only partially utilized in reactions catalyzed by catalase and myeloperoxidase, and appears to mainly enter the glutathione cycle.
Characterization of mutations located in exon 18 of the CFTR gene (1998)

In order to get a better insight into the function of amino acid residues located in the second transmembrane domain of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, all exon 18 mutations found in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients were characterized at the protein and at the electrophysiological level. Of the different mutations present in transmembrane helix 12 (M1137V, M1137R, I11139V and deltaM1140), and the intracytoplasmic loop connecting TM12 and NBD2 (D1152H and D1154G), only M1137R interfered with the proper maturation of the protein. Permeability studies performed after injection of the different wild-type and mutant cRNAs in Xenopus laevis oocytes indicated that the mutations did not alter the permeability sequence of the CFTR channels. The whole cell cAMP activated chloride currents, however, were significantly reduced for M1137V, I1139V, D1152H and D1154G and close to zero for deltaM1140, indicating that these mutations interfere with the proper gating of the chloride channels.
Integrative analysis of microRNA, mRNA and aCGH data reveals asbestos‐ and histology‐related changes in lung cancer (2011)

Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate of all of the cancers in the world and asbestos-related lung cancer is one of the leading occupational cancers. The identification of asbestos-related molecular changes has long been a topic of increasing research interest. The aim of this study was to identify novel asbestos-related molecular correlates by integrating miRNA expression profiling with previously obtained profiling data (aCGH and mRNA expression) from the same patient material. miRNA profiling was performed on 26 tumor and corresponding normal lung tissue samples from highly asbestos-exposed and non-exposed patients, and on eight control lung tissue samples. Data analyses on miRNA expression, and integration of miRNA and previously obtained mRNA data were performed using Chipster. A separate analysis was used to integrate miRNA and previously obtained aCGH data. Both known and new lung cancer-associated miRNAs and target genes with inverse correlation were discovered. Furthermore, DNA copy number alterations (e.g., gain at 12p13.31) were correlated with the deregulated miRNAs. Specifically, thirteen novel asbestos-related miRNAs (over-expressed: miR-148b, miR-374a, miR-24-1*, Let-7d, Let-7e, miR-199b-5p, miR-331-3p, and miR-96 and under-expressed: miR-939, miR-671-5p, miR-605, miR-1224-5p and miR-202) and inversely correlated target genes (e.g., GADD45A, LTBP1, FOSB, NCALD, CACNA2D2, MTSS1, EPB41L3) were identified. In addition, over-expression of the well known squamous cell carcinoma-associated miR-205 was linked to down-regulation of the DOK4 gene. The miRNAs/genes presented here may represent interesting targets for further investigation and could eventually have potential diagnostic implications.
Synthesis, structure, and ligand dynamics of (.mu.,H)(.mu.3-.eta.2-CH3C=NCH2CH3)Ru3(CO)9 (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, structure, and ligand dynamics of (.mu.,H)(.mu.3-.eta.2-CH3C=NCH2CH3)Ru3(CO)9Silvio. Aime, Roberto. Gobetto, Franco. Padovan, Mauro. Botta, Edward. Rosenberg, and Robert W. GellertCite this: Organometallics 1987, 6, 10, 2074–2078Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00153a007https://doi.org/10.1021/om00153a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views66Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Mode-locked Lasers Applied to Deflecting a Near Earth Object on Collision Course with Earth (2013)

We consider synchronized trains of sub-picosecond pulses generated by mode-locked lasers applied to deflection of near Earth objects (NEO) on collision course with Earth. Our method is designed to avoid a predicted collision of the NEO with Earth by at least the diameter of Earth. We estimate deflecting a 10,000 MT NEO, such as the asteroid which struck Earth near Chelyabinsk, Russia to be feasible within several months using average power in the ten kilowatt range. We see this deflection method as scalable to larger NEO to a degree not possible using continuous laser systems.
Interleaved diffusion-weighted improved by adaptive partial-Fourier and multiband multiplexed sensitivity-encoding reconstruction (2014)

The integration of the multiband and adaptive Homodyne-MUSE algorithms significantly improves the spatial-resolution, image quality, and scan throughput of interleaved DWI. We expect that the reported reconstruction framework will play an important role in enabling high-resolution DWI for both neuroscience research and clinical uses.
Amazon.com recommendations: item-to-item collaborative filtering (2003)

Recommendation algorithms are best known for their use on e-commerce Web sites, where they use input about a customer's interests to generate a list of recommended items. Many applications use only the items that customers purchase and explicitly rate to represent their interests, but they can also use other attributes, including items viewed, demographic data, subject interests, and favorite artists. At Amazon.com, we use recommendation algorithms to personalize the online store for each customer. The store radically changes based on customer interests, showing programming titles to a software engineer and baby toys to a new mother. There are three common approaches to solving the recommendation problem: traditional collaborative filtering, cluster models, and search-based methods. Here, we compare these methods with our algorithm, which we call item-to-item collaborative filtering. Unlike traditional collaborative filtering, our algorithm's online computation scales independently of the number of customers and number of items in the product catalog. Our algorithm produces recommendations in real-time, scales to massive data sets, and generates high quality recommendations.
Efficient Registration ofAliased X-Ray Images (2007)

Multiframe imagereconstruction produces images beyondthenative resolution ofadigital imagesensor byway ofaccurate sub-pixel registration ofaliased images. We present a novelmultiframe registration approach forthepurposeof enhancing resolution ofdigital mammogramimages. We demon- strate theability toimprove resolution while maintaining normal radiation dosages.
Polymorphisms of chemokine and chemokine receptor genes in idiopathic immune-mediated posterior segment uveitis. (2007)

Though the utility for prediction of disease susceptibility of the studied polymorphisms in chemokine genes is in general not robust, we have found that polymorphisms in chemokine genes can influence the outcome of patients with idiopathic immune-mediated posterior segment uveitis. These associations require further analysis in other groups of patients.
Inverse Faraday effect in massive Dirac electrons (2022)

We study the inverse Faraday effect (IFE) in a Dirac Hamiltonian with random impurities using Keldysh formalism and diagrammatic perturbation theory. The mass term in the Dirac Hamiltonian is essential for IFE, where the spin magnetic moment induced by circularly polarized light is proportional to the frequency of the incident light within the THz regime. For massive Dirac electrons, the corrections due to short-range impurities on spin magnetic moment vertex exhibits mixing of the spin magnetic moment vertex and spin angular momentum vertex. The spin magnetic density response is divergently enhanced by the vertex corrections near the band edge, indicting a long-range diffusion of spin density profile in massive Dirac electrons.
Effect of adriamycin combined with whole body hyperthermia on tumor and normal tissues. (1991)

Thermal enhancement of Adriamycin-mediated antitumor activity and normal tissue toxicities by whole body hyperthermia were compared using a F344 rat model. Antitumor activity was studied using a tumor growth delay assay. Acute normal tissue toxicities (i.e., leukopenia and thrombocytopenia) and late normal tissue toxicities (i.e., myocardial and kidney injury) were evaluated by functional/physiological assays and by morphological techniques. Whole body hyperthermia (120 min at 41.5 degrees C) enhanced both Adriamycin-mediated antitumor activity and toxic side effects. The thermal enhancement ratio calculated for antitumor activity was 1.6. Thermal enhancement ratios estimated for "acute" hematological changes were 1.3, whereas those estimated for "late" damage (based on morphological cardiac and renal lesions) varied between 2.4 and 4.3. Thus, while whole body hyperthermia enhances Adriamycin-mediated antitumor effect, normal tissue toxicity is also increased, and the potential therapeutic gain of the combined modality treatment is eroded.
Erythropoietin treatment in allogeneic BMT accelerates erythroid reconstitution: results of a prospective controlled randomized trial. (1992)

Twenty-eight allogeneic BMT patients (16 with acute leukemia, 12 with chronic myeloid leukemia) were included in a single center, prospective, randomized, controlled trial to assess the value of recombinant human erythropoietin (rh-Epo) in this setting. rh-Epo was administered through a central venous catheter as a single bolus injection (days 0-7: 100 U/kg/d; days 7-30: 150 U/kg/d). No secondary effects to rh-Epo treatment were detected. An earlier appearance of reticulocytes and a diminished need of red blood cells (RBCs) transfusions were observed in patients who were treated with rh-Epo (4 units vs 12 units; p < 0.05). The time to unsupported platelets above 25 x 10(9)/l was less in patients treated with rh-Epo than in control patients (19 days vs 31; p < 0.05), and they received significantly fewer platelet transfusions (36 units vs 138.5; p < 0.05). Our results show that rh-Epo treatment is capable of accelerating the erythroid reconstitution and decreasing the need for RBC transfusions. A beneficial effect on platelet reconstitution is also suggested, but further studies are necessary to confirm this point.
A SYNCHROTRON DIFFRACTION STUDY OF TRANSFORMATION BEHAVIOUR IN 9 CR STEELS USING SIMULATED WELD HEAT-AFFECTED ZONE CONDITIONS (2007)

Synchrotron diffraction experiments were conducted to examine the real-time transformation behaviours of an ex-perimental 9Cr-3W-3Co-NbV steel with high B and low N (N130B), and the commercial P92 steel under simulated weld heat-affected zone thermal cycles. When heated to peak temperatures near 1100 C, both steels rapidly trans-formed from ferrite to 100% austenite. During cooling, both transformed to martensite near 400 C. Both steels also retained untransformed austenite: 1.7% in N130B, and 5.8% in P92. The N130B was also heated to about 60 C above its A3 of 847 C. About 56% of the original ferrite never transformed to austenite. During cooling an additional 21% of ferrite and 23% of martensite formed. It retained no austenite. The P92 was heated to just above its A3 of 889 C. About 15% of the original ferrite never transformed to austenite. During cooling an additional 22% of ferrite and 60% of martensite formed. This steel retained about 2.3% austenite. Metallographic examina-tions indicated that the M23C6 in N130B was much more stable than that in P92 for heating to the lower peak tem-peratures. Analysis using equilibrium thermodynamics suggested that the more stable M23C6 in N130B could raise its apparent A3 by sequestering C. This couldmore » cause the ferrite-austenite transformation to appear sluggish. Ther-modynamic analysis also indicated that the M23C6 in N130B contained about 3.9 at% B compared to about 0.08 at% B in that of P92. In contrast, the refractory metal element content of the M23C6 was predicted to be higher in P92.« less