gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gonyautoxins 2/3 Local Periarticular Injection for Pain Management after Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Double-Blind, Randomized Study (2021)

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of periarticular infiltration of gonyautoxin 2/3 (GTX 2/3) and a mixture of levobupivacaine, ketorolac, and epinephrine for pain management after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Forty-eight patients were randomly allocated to receive periarticular infiltration of 40 µg GTX 2/3 (<i>n</i> = 24) diluted in 30 mL of sodium chloride 0.9% (study group) or a combination of 300 mg of levobupivacaine, 1 mg of epinephrine, and 60 mg ketorolac (<i>n</i> = 24) diluted in 150 mL of sodium chloride 0.9% (control group). Intraoperative anesthetic and surgical techniques were identical for both groups. Postoperatively, all patients received patient-controlled analgesia (morphine bolus of 1 mg; lockout interval of 8 minutes), acetaminophen, and ketoprofen for 72 hours. A blinded investigator recorded morphine consumption, which was the primary outcome. Also, the range of motion (ROM) and static and dynamic pain were assessed at 6, 12, 36, and 60 hours after surgery. The incidence of adverse events, time to readiness for discharge, and length of hospital stay were also recorded. The median of total cumulative morphine consumption was 16 mg (range, 0-62 mg) in the GTX 2/3 group and 9 mg (range, 0-54 mg) in control group, which did not reach statistical difference (median test, <i>p</i> = 0.40). Furthermore, static and dynamic pain scores were similar at all time intervals. GTX 2/3 was inferior in range of motion at 6 and 12 hours; nevertheless, we noted no difference after 36 hours. No differences between groups were found in terms of complications, side effects, or length of hospital stay. No significant differences were found between groups in terms of breakthrough morphine requirement. However, local anesthetic use resulted in an increased ROM in the first 12 hours. This prospective randomized clinical trial shows that GTX 2/3 is a safe and efficient drug for pain control after TKA; nevertheless, more studies using GTX 2/3 with larger populations are needed to confirm the safety profile and efficiency. This is level 1 therapeutic study, randomized, double-blind clinical trial.
Unilateral Contact With Friction of Polyhedron Multibody Systems: Numerical Aspects (2002)

This paper presents ways for modeling the unilateral contact with friction between solids in order to simulate a collection of polyhedrons during evolution. In a first stage 2D problems of polygon collections are explored, then the friction conditions are easy to take into account by several available equivalent modeling. In a second stage 3D problems of polyhedron collections are considered. The aim of this paper is to propose efficient algorithm to solve the 3D numerical problems in granular material simulations.
A highly digital 0.5-to-4Gb/s 1.9mW/Gb/s serial-link transceiver using current-recycling in 90nm CMOS (2011)

Ever-growing demand for higher communication bandwidth in high performance compute systems is driving the need for energy-efficient multi-Gb/s I/O serial links. Improved power efficiency was demonstrated using adaptive supply regulation. However, power losses in the DC-DC converter needed to generate the optimal supply voltage and the difficulty in operating analog circuits at low voltages limit the power savings. Instead of scaling the supply with the data rate, we seek to operate with two fixed voltages and eliminate the need for a high-efficiency DC-DC converter. To this end, this paper presents a serial link using a highly efficient current recycling-based implicit DC-DC conversion to generate 0.6V from a 1.2V supply. Highly digital clocking circuits capable of operating at 0.6V maximize power savings. A 0.5-to-4Gb/s serial-link transceiver is designed in a 1.2V LP 90nm CMOS process to operate with a short channel and plesiochronous timing. The transceiver dissipates 1.9mW/Gb/s at 3.2Gb/s.
Improved Ion-Channel Biosensors (2004)

An effort is underway to develop improved biosensors of a type based on ion channels in biomimetic membranes. These sensors are microfabricated from silicon and other materials compatible with silicon. As described, these sensors offer a number of advantages over prior sensors of this type.
Use of Cell Envelope Targeting Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Agents as a Powerful Tool to Select for Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains With Improved Texturizing Ability in Milk Fermentations (2021)

Many antibiotics and antimicrobial agents have the bacterial cell envelope as their primary target, interfering with functions such as synthesis of peptidoglycan, membrane stability and permeability, and attachment of surface components. The cell envelope is the outermost barrier of the bacterial cell, conferring protection against environmental stresses, and maintaining structural integrity and stability of the growing cell, while still allowing for required metabolism. In this work, inhibitory concentrations of several different cell envelope targeting antibiotics and antimicrobial agents were used to select for derivatives of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with improved properties for dairy applications. Interestingly, we observed that for several LAB species a fraction of the isolates had improved milk texturizing capabilities. To further improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the improved rheology and to validate the efficacy of this method for strain improvement, genetic and physiological characterization of several improved derivatives was performed. The results showed that the identified genetic changes are diverse and affect also other cellular functions than the targeted cell surface. In short, this study describes a new versatile and powerful toolbox based on targeting of the cell envelope to select for LAB derivatives with improved phenotypic traits for dairy applications.
Association of the phosphatidylinositol signal pathway with prolonged myocardial ischemia. (2002)

The phosphatidylinositol signal pathway is involved in prolonged myocardial ischemia, but its mechanism needs further study.
Internationale Studierende in Deutschland zum Studienerfolg begleiten: Ergebnisse und Handlungsempfehlungen aus dem SeSaBa-Projekt (2022)

Internationale Studierende sind eine immer größere und wichtigere Interessengruppe an deutschen Hochschulen. Im Vergleich zu deutschen Studierenden sind sie allerdings mit besonderen Herausforderungen konfrontiert. Schätzungen des Deutschen Zentrums für Hochschul- und Wissenschaftsforschung (DZHW) zufolge bricht derzeit knapp die Hälfte (49 %) der internationalen Bachelorstudierenden (Studienbeginn 2014/15) sowie ein gutes Viertel (26 %) der internationalen Masterstudierenden (Studienbeginn 2016) das Studium in Deutschland vorzeitig ab (im Vergleich zu 27 bzw. 17 % bei den deutschen Bachelor- und Masterstudierenden). Im BMBF-Projekt „Studienerfolg und Studienabbruch bei Bildungsausländern und -ausländerinnen in Deutschland im Bachelor- und Masterstudium“ (SeSaBa) analysierten der Deutsche Akademische Austauschdienst, das Bayerische Staatsinstitut für Hochschulforschung und Hochschulplanung und die FernUniversität in Hagen gemeinsam die Studiensituation internationaler Studierender. Zwischen dem Wintersemester 2017/18 und dem Sommersemester 2020 wurden über 4.500 internationale Bachelor- bzw. Masterstudierende von 125 Hochschulen in halbjährlichen Abständen insgesamt sechs Mal zu ihrer Studien- und Lebenssituation in Deutschland befragt. In diesem praxisorientierten Abschlussbericht werden zentrale Ergebnisse aus dem Projekt SeSaBa zusammengefasst.
Silicon Dissolution from Microporous Silicon Substituted Hydroxyapatite and its Effect on Osteoblast Behaviour (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Apoptosis of human vascular smooth muscle cells derived from normal vessels and coronary atherosclerotic plaques. (1995)

We studied death of human vascular smooth muscle cells derived from coronary plaques and normal coronary arteries and aorta. Cells from normal arteries underwent death only upon removal of serum growth factors. In contrast, plaque-derived cells died even in high serum conditions, and death increased after serum withdrawal. Death was characteristically by apoptosis in both normal and plaque-derived cells, as determined by time-lapse videomicroscopy, electron microscopy, and DNA fragmentation patterns. IGF-1 and PDGF were identified as potent survival factors in serum, whereas EGF and basic fibroblast growth factor had little effect. Stable expression of bcl-2, a protooncogene that regulates apoptosis in other cell lines, protected smooth muscle cells from apoptosis, although there was no detectable difference in endogenous bcl-2 expression between cells from plaques or normal vessels. We conclude that apoptosis of human vascular smooth muscle cells is regulated by both specific gene products and local cytokines acting as survival factors. Apoptosis may therefore regulate cell mass in the normal arterial wall and the higher rates of apoptosis seen in plaque smooth muscle cells may ultimately contribute to plaque rupture and breakdown and thus to the clinical sequelae of atherosclerosis.
Micro-Raman and photoluminescence characterization of polycrystallization in bulk In/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/As crystals (2003)

Raman and photoluminescence experiments have been performed to characterize the polycrystalline region in the wafers cut from a bulk InGaAs crystal, which was found to be initiating from the inner part of the ingot, unlike the usual observation of polycrystallization starting from the peripheral part of an ingot. This indicates the existence of polycrystallization mechanism other than those relating to the boundary effects. The polycrystalline region was found to have a random fluctuation of composition. The possibility of drastic local fluctuation in composition, which is induced by convection-induced local supercooling, being the main cause of polycrystallization, is investigated here.
Modelling effects of root growth and decay on soil water retention and permeability (2018)

Plant roots can change the soil water retention curve (SWRC) and saturated permeability (k sat ) of vegetated soils. However, there is no model that could capture both the effects of root growth and root decay on these soil hydraulic properties simultaneously. This note proposes a new void ratio function that can model the decrease and increase in soil void ratio due to root occupancy (upon growth) and root shrinkage (upon decay), respectively, in an unsaturated vegetated coarse-grained soil. The function requires two root parameters; namely, root volume ratio and root decay ratio, both of which can be readily measured through root excavation and image-based analysis. The new function is incorporated into a void ratio–dependent SWRC model for predicting the SWRC of vegetated soils. Similarly, the same function can be combined with the Kozeny–Carman equation for predicting k sat . The model prediction is then compared with a set of new field test data and an existing laboratory dataset for a silty sand vegetated with plant species under the family Schefflera. Good agreements are obtained between the measurements and predictions.
Monoorganotin Phosphinate Clusters: The Oxygen‐Capped Cluster [( n ‐BuSn(OH)O 2 PPh 2 ) 3 O] [Ph 2 PO 2 ] (1) and its Conversion to the Cubic Cluster [ n ‐BuSn(O)O 2 PPh 2 ] 4 (2) (1992)

This chapter contains sections titled: Oxygen-Capped cluster[(n-BuSn(OH)O2PPh2)3O]-[Ph2PO2](1) Cubic Cluster[n-BuSn(O)O2PPh2]4(2)
A type system for functional traversal-based aspects (2009)

We present a programming language model of the ideas behind Functional Adaptive Programming (AP-F) and our Java implementation, DemeterF. Computation in AP-F is encapsulated in sets of functions that implement a fold over a data structure with the help of a generic traversal. In this paper we define the syntax, semantics, and typing rules of a simple AP-F model, together with a proof of soundness that guarantees that traversal expressions result in a value of the expected type. Applying a function set to a different structure can then be statically checked to eliminate some runtime tests and sources of program errors.
SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater settled solids is associated with COVID-19 cases in a large urban sewershed (2020)

Abstract Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) may be useful for informing public health response to viral diseases like COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2. We quantified SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater influent and primary settled solids in two wastewater treatment plants to inform the pre-analytical and analytical approaches, and to assess whether influent or solids harbored more viral targets. The primary settled solids samples resulted in higher SARS-CoV-2 detection frequencies than the corresponding influent samples. Likewise, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was more readily detected in solids using one-step digital droplet (dd)RT-PCR than with two-step RT-QPCR and two-step ddRT-PCR, likely owing to reduced inhibition with the one-step ddRT-PCR assay. We subsequently analyzed a longitudinal time series of 89 settled solids samples from a single plant for SARS-CoV-2 RNA as well as coronavirus recovery (bovine coronavirus) and fecal strength (pepper mild mottle virus, PMMoV) controls. SARS-CoV-2 RNA targets N1 and N2 concentrations correlate positively and significantly with COVID-19 clinical confirmed case counts in the sewershed. Together, the results demonstrate that measuring SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in settled solids may be a more sensitive approach than measuring SARs-CoV-2 in influent. Abstract Figure
Reactive Scattering in Molecular Beams (1966)

This chapter contains sections titled: Experimental Methods and Results Chemical Forces in Charge-Transfer Reactions
Protofibrillar and Fibrillar Amyloid-β Binding Proteins in Cerebrospinal Fluid (2018)

Aggregation and deposition of misfolded amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide in the brain is central to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Oligomeric, protofibrillar, and fibrillar forms of Aβ are believed to be neurotoxic and cause neurodegeneration in AD, but the toxicity mechanisms are not well understood and may involve Aβ-interacting molecular partners. In a previous study, we identified potential Aβ42 protofibrillar-binding proteins in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using an engineered version of Aβ42 (Aβ42CC) that forms protofibrils, but not fibrils. Here we studied binding of proteins to Aβ42 fibrils in AD and non-AD CSF and compared these with protofibrillar Aβ42CC-binding partners. Aβ42 fibrils sequestered 2.4-fold more proteins than Aβ42CC protofibrils. Proteins with selective binding to fibrillar aggregates with low nanomolar affinity were identified. We also found that protofibrillar and fibrillar Aβ-binding proteins represent distinct functional categories. Aβ42CC protofibrils triggered interactions with proteins involved in catalytic activities, like transferases and oxidoreductases, while Aβ42 fibrils were more likely involved in binding to proteoglycans, growth factors and neuron-associated proteins, e.g., neurexin-1, -2, and -3. Interestingly, 10 brain-enriched proteins were identified among the fibril-binding proteins, while protofibril-extracted proteins had more general expression patterns. Both types of Aβ aggregates bound several extracellular proteins. Additionally, we list a set of CSF proteins that might have potential to discriminate between AD and non-AD CSF samples. The results may be of relevance both for biomarker studies and for studies of Aβ-related toxicity mechanisms.
[Construction of DNA transfer system of Streptomyces tenebrarius]. (2002)

To establish a gene transfer ssystem in Streptomyces tenebrarius, several methods including PEG-mediated transformation of protoplasts, conjugal transfer were investigated. Many attempts were made to introduce plasmid pIJ702 into Sreptomyces tenebrarius. It was found that plasmid pIJ702 isolated from S. lividans TK24 failed to transform the protoplasts of Sreptomyces tenebrarius. No transformant was achieved even if the protoplast was inactivated by heat treatment or dsDNA was converted ssDNA before transformation. All the results suggested that Sreptomyces tenebrarius exists a strong restriction and modification system for the transformation of foreign DNA. A recombinant E. coli ET12567 (pUZ8002, pHZ132) was obtained by transforming E. coli ET12567(pUZ8002) with oriT-containing E. coli-Sreptomyces shuttle plasmid pHZ132. In mating experiments, E. coli ET12567 (pUZ8002, pHZ132) was the donor, and the recipient was Sreptomyces tenebrarius 9904 spores after pregerminating by heat shock. Matings between dornor and recipient were conducted. Plasmid pHZ132 was introduced into Sreptomyces tenebrarius 9904 by conjugation from E. coli ET12567. The transfer system of Sreptomyces tenebrariu was established by conjugation. S. tenebrarius 9904 protoplasts were transformed by plasmid DNA modified by the host itself, and the transformation frequency was about 10(3)/microgram DNA (pHZ132).
Studies on Novel 3-lsoxazolylvinylcephalosporins: II. Synthesis and Biological Activity of 7-(2-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-hydroxyiminoacetamido) Derivatives. (1998)

In the previous paper, we found that 7-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(alkoxy)iminoacetamido]-3-[3-(substituted)isoxazolyl]vinylcephalosporins showed increased antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Variation of the alkyl group of the oxime functionality at the C-7 side chain of the cephalosporins from methyl to cyclopentyl, though the pharmacokinetic profile got worse, improved their activity especially against Gram-positive bacteria. Based on those results, we prepared the cephalosporin compounds of the general structure 1 by replacing the alkyl group of the oxime with hydrogen, and evaluated their biological activity focusing on Gram-positive bacteria. And also the C-4 ester prodrugs were prepared and their oral availability was investigated.
A Study on Biofouling and Cleaning of Anion Exchange Membranes for Reverse Electrodialysis (2022)

This study covers the modification, (bio)fouling characterization, use, and cleaning of commercial heterogeneous anion exchange membranes (AEMs) to evaluate their feasibility for reverse electrodialysis (RED) applications. A surface modification with poly (acrylic) acid resulted in an improved monovalent perm-selectivity (decreased sulfate membrane transport rate). Moreover, we evaluated the (bio)fouling potential of the membrane using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS), and Aeromonas hydrophila as model organic foulants and a biofoulant, respectively. A detailed characterization of the AEMs (water contact angle, ion exchange capacity (IEC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra) was carried out, verifying that the presence of such foulants reduces IEC and the maximum current obtained by CV. However, only SDS and SDBS affected the contact angle values. Cleaning of the biofouled membranes using a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution allows for (partially) recovering their initial properties. Furthermore, this work includes a fouling characterization using real surface and sea water matrixes, confirming the presence of several types of fouling microorganisms in natural streams. A lower adhesion of microorganisms (measured in terms of total bacteria counts) was observed for the modified membranes compared to the unmodified ones. Finally, we propose a cleaning strategy to mitigate biofouling in AEMs that could be easily applied in RED systems for an enhanced long-term process performance.
Copper Catalysis for Nicotinate Synthesis through β‐Alkenylation/Cyclization of Saturated Ketones with β‐Enamino Esters (2017)

Abstract The first example of a Cu‐catalyzed and 4‐OH‐TEMPO mediated intermolecular [3+3] annulation of saturated ketones with β ‐enamino esters is reported herein, which was successfully used for the synthesis of versatile nicotinates through sequential β‐ C( sp 3 )‐H bond alkenylation, enamine‐carbonyl condensation and aromatization. This protocol tolerates a variety of functional groups, thereby providing a practical and efficient method for the fabrication of 5H ‐chromeno[4,3‐b]pyridin‐5‐one skeletons. magnified image
Strain and Temperature Dependence of Elliptical Core Two-Mode Fiber Acousto-Optic Interaction (2005)

The unique characteristics of elliptical core two-mode optical fibers make new solutions available within the field of fiberoptic sensors [1]. Their optical propagation characteristics under static perturbations have been examined in detail [2].
Pathogenesis‐targeting therapeutics for spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) (2009)

Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is an hereditary, adult-onset, lower motor neuron disease caused by an aberrant elongation of a trinucleotide CAG repeat, which encodes the polyglutamine tract, in the first exon of the androgen receptor (AR) gene. The main symptoms are slowly progressive muscle weakness and atrophy of bulbar, facial and limb muscles. The cardinal histopathological findings of SBMA are an extensive loss of lower motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord as well as in brainstem motor nuclei and intranuclear accumulations of mutant AR protein in the residual motor neurons. Androgen deprivation therapy rescues neuronal dysfunction in animal models of SBMA, suggesting that the molecular basis for motor neuron degeneration in this disorder is testosterone-dependent nuclear accumulation of the mutant AR. Suppression of disease progression by leuprorelin acetate has also been demonstrated in a phase 2 clinical trial. In addition, the clarification of pathophysiology leads to appearance of candidate drugs to treat this devastating disease: heat shock protein (HSP) inducer, Hsp90 inhibitor, and histone deacetylase inhibitor. Advances in basic and clinical research on SBMA are now paving the way for clinical application of pathogenesis-targeting therapeutics.
Phospholipase D promotes Arcanobacterium haemolyticum adhesion via lipid raft remodeling and host cell death following bacterial invasion (2010)

These data indicate that PLD enhances bacterial adhesion and promotes host cell necrosis following invasion, and therefore, may be important in the disease pathogenesis of A. haemolyticum infections.
Demonstration of Enhanced Piezo-Catalysis for Hydrogen Generation and Water Treatment at the Ferroelectric Curie Temperature (2020)

Hydrogen can contribute significantly to the energy mix of the near future, as it is an attractive replacement for fossil fuels due to its high energy density and low greenhouse gas emission. A fascinating approach is to use the polarization change of a ferroelectric due to an applied stress or temperature change to achieve piezo- or pyro-catalysis for both H<sub>2</sub> generation and wastewater treatment. We exploit low Curie temperature (T<sub>c</sub>) ferroelectrics for polarization-driven electrochemical reactions, where the large changes in polarization and high activity of a ferroelectric near its T<sub>c</sub> provides a novel avenue for such materials. We present experimental evidence for enhanced water splitting and rhodamine B degradation via piezo-catalysis by ultrasonic excitation at its T<sub>c</sub>. Such work provides an effective strategy for water splitting/treatment systems that employ low T<sub>c</sub> ferroelectrics under the action of mechanical stress or/and thermal fluctuations.