gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The tumor suppressor gene RhoBTB1 is a novel target of miR-31 in human colon cancer (2012)

miRNAs are a class of endogenous non-coding RNA, which can regulate downstream target genes through binding to the 3'UTR of those genes. Numerous studies have indicated that abnormal expression of miRNAs is implicated in tumor development. Aberrant expression of miR-31 has been found in various cancers, including colorectal cancer. Here, we show that miR-31 is upregulated in human colon cancer tissues and cell lines, and that repression of miR-31 inhibited colon cancer cell proliferation and colony formation in soft agarose. To further elucidate the mechanism underlying the role of miR-31 in promoting colon cancer, we used online miRNA target prediction databases and found that the tumor suppressor RhoTBT1 may be a target of miR-31. Imunohistochemistry assay revealed that RhoBTB1 was significantly decreased in HT29 cells. In addition, ectopic expression of miR-31 reduced RhoBTB1 in the colon cancer cell line HT29. The results suggested that suppression of RhoBTB1 may be responsible for colon tumorigenesis, which was inhibited directly by miR-31. The results of MTT and soft agarose colony-formation assays showed that knockdown of RhoBTB1 by RNAi induced cell proliferation, and colony formation in soft agarose, which mimicked the function of miR-31. This further suggested that suppression of RhoBTB1 was responsible for colon tumorigenesis. In conclusion, we found that miR-31 acts as an oncogene in colon cancer and identified RhoBTB1 as a new target of miR-31 further study demonstrated that miR-31 contributed to the development of colon cancer at least partly by targeting RhoBTB1.
Linear accelerator-based stereotactic fractionated photon radiotherapy as an eye-conserving treatment for uveal melanoma (2018)

Linear accelerator-based stereotactic fractionated photon radiotherapy is an effective method in the treatment of uveal melanoma with excellent local control rates and a 2-year vision retention rate comparable to brachytherapy (BRT) or proton beam radiotherapy, even available in small centers and easy to implement. Interdisciplinary decision making is necessary to guarantee best treatment for every patient.
AI-driven applications over telecom networks by distributed fiber optic sensing technologies (2022)

By employing distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) technologies, field deployed fiber cables can be utilized as not only communication media for data transmissions but also sensing media for continuously monitoring of the physical phenomenon along the entire route. The fiber can be used to monitor ambient environment along the route covering a wide geographic area. With help of artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) technologies on information processing, many applications can be developed over telecom networks. We review the recent field results and demonstrate how DFOS can work with existing communication channels and provide holistic view of road traffic monitoring included vehicle counts and average vehicle speeds. A long-term wide-area road traffic monitoring system is an efficient way of gathering seasonal vehicle activities which can be applied in future smart city applications. Additionally, DFOS also offers cable cut prevention functions such as cable self-protection and cable cut threat assessment. Detection and localization of abnormal events and evaluating the threat to the cable are realized to protect telecom facilities.
Energy transfer between ripplons and phonons in liquid helium at low temperatures (1992)

We discuss the energy transfer between ripplons and phonons in liquid helium at temperatures T1 K. The dominant process proves to be one wherein a phonon incident on the liquid surface is completely absorbed with the emission of two ripplons. The inelastic scattering of a phonon from the surface is found to be less effective. The thermal contact between ripplons and phonons is very poor at low temperatures; below 0.1 K it is worse than that between bulk helium and copper. This can have serious consequences for experiments on atomic hydrogen.
Concept of the homemade coronary stent: Experimental results and initial clinical experience (1996)

To defray the escalating cost of coronary stenting, we handmade a balloon expandable coil stent with stainless steel wire. Preliminary comparison with the Palmaz-Schatz stent showed that, when implanted in porcine iliac arteries, there was no difference in immediate angiographic results or in the degree of foreign body reaction at 6 wk. Subsequently, a total of 73 stents were implanted in 52 patients, either as a bailout device (54%) or for suboptimal angiographic results (46%). All but two implantations were successful. The postprocedural regimen consisted of heparin 1,000 IU/hr, aspirin 250 mg daily, and ticlopidine 500 mg daily. In-hospital complications were limited to two groin hematomas, one necessitating blood transfusion. Importantly, stent thrombosis was not observed. While 6-mo follow-up is pending, we already conclude that a balloon expandable coil stent can be handmade easily at low cost and implanted safely in patients.
Variable point guidance for space missions (1964)

An explicit space guidance scheme, which combines the phasing and propellant advantages of parking orbits with the rapid response time of direct ascent, is described. Resulting flight plans yield multiburn trajectories spanning the continuum from direct ascent (2-burns) to parking orbit approaches (4 or more burns). The onboard computer selects automatically and continuously the flight plan depending on instantaneous geometry. The system reaction time to an arbitrary mission situation is measured in seconds. Results of a computer sizing study are presented, showing that the scheme can be implemented in a modern aerospace computer.
An Organoplatinum(II) Metallacycle-Based Supramolecular Amphiphile and Its Application in Enzyme-Responsive Controlled Release (2022)

Enzyme-responsive nanomaterials are emerging as important candidates for bioanalytical and biomedical applications due to their good biocompatibilities and sensitivities. However, the lack of promising operation platforms compatible with enzyme responsiveness greatly limits the scope and functionality of smart materials. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a naphthalene-functionalized organoplatinum(II) metallacycle <b>1</b> by means of coordination-driven self-assembly, which is subsequently exploited as the organometallic platform to enable enzyme-responsive supramolecular materials. Specifically, a [2 + 2] self-assembled metallacycle <b>1</b> first self-assembles into nanosheets in aqueous solution, which can further transform into vesicles with the introduction of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) because of the formation of a bola-type supramolecular amphiphile <b>β-CD-1</b>. Interestingly, these vesicles show rare α-amylase responsiveness, as demonstrated by structurally transforming back into nanosheets after the addition of α-amylase to their solutions due to the enzyme-induced degradation of cyclodextrins. We also demonstrate the potential application of the self-assembled vesicles in amylase-responsive controlled release.
A review of artificial pancreas technologies with an emphasis on bi‐hormonal therapy (2013)

Since the discovery of insulin, great progress has been made to improve the accuracy and safety of automated insulin delivery systems to help patients with type 1 diabetes achieve their treatment goals without causing hypoglycaemia. In recent years, bioengineering technology has greatly advanced diabetes management, with the development of blood glucose meters, continuous glucose monitors, insulin pumps and control systems for automatic delivery of one or more hormones. New insulin analogues have improved subcutaneous absorption characteristics, but do not completely eliminate the risk of hypoglycaemia. Insulin effect is counteracted by glucagon in non-diabetic individuals, while glucagon secretion in those with type 1 diabetes is impaired. The use of glucagon in the artificial pancreas is therefore a logical and feasible option for preventing and treating hypoglycaemia. However, commercially available glucagon is not stable in aqueous solution for long periods, forming potentially cytotoxic fibrils that aggregate quickly. Therefore, a more stable formulation of glucagon is needed for long-term use and storage in a bi-hormonal pump. In addition, a model of glucagon action in type 1 diabetes is lacking, further limiting the inclusion of glucagon into systems employing model-assisted control. As a result, although several investigators have been working to help develop bi-hormonal systems for patients with type 1 diabetes, most continue to utilize single hormone systems employing only insulin. This article seeks to focus on the attributes of glucagon and its use in bi-hormonal systems.
Multi-core fibre–fed integral field spectrograph (MCIFU) – III: an ultrafast laser inscribed photonic reformatter and mask (2020)

We report on the conception and the fabrication of a 3D photonic reformatter of 73 waveguides and its associated opaque mask in a wide collaboration to develop a multi-core fiber-fed integral field spectrograph (MCIFU) centered on the Jband. The reformatter is a 3D structure that light from the input quasi-hexagonal multicore fiber is spread out by rearrangement to avoid individual core spectra overlapping when the light is dispersed. The reformatter is fabricated using ultrafast laser inscription (ULI) in a borosilicate glass of 20 mm length. Using a similar ULI process, a 73-hole mask was fabricated in silica glass that precisely matched the waveguides at the output of the reformatter. The output surface of the mask was coated with a 120 nm layer of chromium to block scattered light generated in the bulk material and enhance the signal-to-noise. All inscribed waveguides, characterized using a stable laser centered at 1310 nm from the multicore fiber to the output mask, present consistent single-mode output behavior with a maximum throughput exceeding 60%. Over the 73 cores, the average throughput was measured at 40%. First observations of the full MCIFU device during on-sky measurements have shown promising results to the potential of this novel fiber integral field unit.
A Sampling-Based Data Filtering Scheme for Reducing Energy Consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks (2011)

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are widely used in the various monitoring systems. When implementing WSN-based monitoring systems, there are three important issues to be considered. At first, we should consider a node failure detection method to provide continuous monitoring. Secondly, because sensor nodes use limited battery power, we need an efficient data filtering method to reduce energy consumption. At last, we should consider a data filtering method for reducing processing overhead. The existing Kalman filtering scheme has good performance on data filtering, but it causes too much processing overhead for estimating sensed data. To solve this problem, we, in this paper, propose a sampling-based data filtering scheme based on statistical data analysis. First, our scheme periodically aggregates nodes' survival massages to support node failure detection. Secondly, to reduce energy consumption, our scheme sends the sampled data including node survival massage and perform data filtering based on the messages. Finally, it analyzes the sampled data to estimate filtering range at a server. As a result, each sensor node can use only a simple compare operation for filtering data. Through performance analysis, we show that our scheme outperforms the Kalman filtering scheme in terms of the number of data transmissions.
Sonophoresis Using Ultrasound Contrast Agents: Dependence on Concentration (2016)

Sonophoresis can increase skin permeability to various drugs in transdermal drug delivery. Cavitation is recognized as the predominant mechanism of sonophoresis. Recently, a new logical approach to enhance the efficiency of transdermal drug delivery was tried. It is to utilize the engineered microbubble and its resonant frequency for increase of cavitation activity. Actively-induced cavitation with low-intensity ultrasound (less than ~1 MPa) causes disordering of the lipid bilayers and the formation of aqueous channels by stable cavitation which indicates a continuous oscillation of bubbles. Furthermore, the mutual interactions of microbubble determined by concentration of added bubble are also thought to be an important factor for activity of stable cavitation, even in different characteristics of drug. In the present study, we addressed the dependence of ultrasound contrast agent concentration using two types of drug on the efficiency of transdermal drug delivery. Two types of experiment were designed to quantitatively evaluate the efficiency of transdermal drug delivery according to ultrasound contrast agent concentration. First, an experiment of optical clearing using a tissue optical clearing agent was designed to assess the efficiency of sonophoresis with ultrasound contrast agents. Second, a Franz diffusion cell with ferulic acid was used to quantitatively determine the amount of drug delivered to the skin sample by sonophoresis with ultrasound contrast agents. The maximum enhancement ratio of sonophoresis with a concentration of 1:1,000 was approximately 3.1 times greater than that in the ultrasound group without ultrasound contrast agent and approximately 7.5 times greater than that in the control group. These results support our hypothesis that sonophoresis becomes more effective in transdermal drug delivery due to the presence of engineered bubbles, and that the efficiency of transdermal drug delivery using sonophoresis with microbubbles depends on the concentration of microbubbles in case stable cavitation is predominant.
DNA Damage Disrupts the p14ARF-B23(Nucleophosmin) Interaction and Triggers a Transient Subnuclear Redistribution of p14ARF (2005)

The p14 alternate reading frame (ARF) tumor suppressor plays a central role in cancer by binding to mdm2 (Hdm2 in humans) and enhancing p53-mediated apoptosis following DNA damage and oncogene activation. It is unclear, however, how ARF initiates its involvement in the p53/mdm2 pathway, as p53 and mdm2 are located in the nucleoplasm, whereas ARF is largely nucleolar in tumor cells. We have used immunofluorescence and coimmunoprecipitation to examine how the subnuclear distribution and protein-protein interactions of ARF change immediately after DNA damage and over the time course of the DNA damage response in human tumor cells. We find that DNA damage disrupts the interaction of ARF with the nucleolar protein B23(nucleophosmin) and promotes a transient p53-independent translocation of ARF to the nucleoplasm, resulting in a masking of the ARF NH2 terminus that correlates with the appearance of ARF-Hdm2 complexes. The translocation also results in an unmasking of the ARF COOH terminus, suggesting that redistribution disrupts a nucleolar interaction of ARF involving this region. By 24 hours after irradiation, DNA repair has ceased and the pretreatment immunofluorescence patterns and complexes of ARF have been restored. Although the redistribution of ARF is independent of p53 and likely to be regulated by interactions other than Hdm2, ARF does not promote UV sensitization unless p53 is expressed. The results implicate the nucleolus and nucleolar interactions of the ARF, including potentially novel interactions involving its COOH terminus as sites for early DNA damage and stress-mediated cellular events.
Potentiometric stripping analysis with a thin-film gold electrode for determination of copper, bismuth, antimony, and lead (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPotentiometric stripping analysis with a thin-film gold electrode for determination of copper, bismuth, antimony, and leadErkang. Wang, Wenta. Sun, and Yunfa. YangCite this: Anal. Chem. 1984, 56, 11, 1903–1906Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00275a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00275a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views377Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A 1-V–0.6-V 9-b 1.5-MS/s Reference-Free Charge-Sharing SAR ADC for Wireless-Powered Implantable Telemetry (2014)

This brief presents a successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that literally obviates the need for a reference supply. The reference (charge) of the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is instead passively recovered from the residual input common-mode signal after each conversion. Such a fully passive DAC is proved to consume no switching energy in silicon, and the ADC is able to sustain a signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio (SNDR) of 47 dB with only one supply even if the supply voltage varies from 1 to 0.6 V. Implemented in the 0.18- μm CMOS process, the ADC dissipates a linearly scalable dynamic power of 20.5-0.77 μW at a speed from 1.5 to 0.13 MS/s. As no power rail is connected to the DAC, the power supply modulation ratio is improved by 59 dB as compared to conventional designs. Without the need for a reference supply or a supply regulator, the ADC is able to share the same supply with digital systems while achieving energy-efficient data conversion regardless of the supply noise.
Area dependence of high-frequency spin-transfer resonance in giant magnetoresistance contacts up to 300nm diameter (2006)

We measured high-frequency spin-transfer resonances from &amp;lt;8GHz to &amp;gt;26GHz excited by dc currents through giant magnetoresistance point contacts with diameters d from &amp;lt;50 to almost 300nm. The slope of resonance frequency versus current decreased with increased d and was fit best by a spin-transfer model where the effective d extends ⩾50nm past the contact edge into the surrounding magnetic film. An increased resonance critical current versus contact area was also fit well by this model including a surrounding ring of excited area. Spin-transfer resonance in large devices eliminates the need for electron-beam lithography in applications.
Immunofluorescence detection of ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) proteins with their carboxyl-terminal threonine phosphorylated in cultured cells and tissues Application of a novel fixation protocol using trichloroacetic acid (TCA) as a fixative (1999)

Ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) proteins are thought to play an important role in organizing cortical actin-based cytoskeletons through cross-linkage of actin filaments with integral membrane proteins. Recent in vitro biochemical studies have revealed that ERM proteins phosphorylated on their COOH-terminal threonine residue (CPERMs) are active in their cross-linking activity, but this has not yet been evaluated in vivo. To immunofluorescently visualize CPERMs in cultured cells as well as tissues using a mAb specific for CPERMs, we developed a new fixation protocol using trichloroacetic acid (TCA) as a fixative. Immunoblotting analyses in combination with immunofluorescence microscopy showed that TCA effectively inactivated soluble phosphatases, which maintained the phosphorylation level of CPERMs during sample processing for immunofluorescence staining. Immunofluorescence microscopy with TCA-fixed samples revealed that CPERMs were exclusively associated with plasma membranes in a variety of cells and tissues, whereas total ERM proteins were distributed in both the cytoplasm and plasma membranes. Furthermore, the amounts of CPERMs were shown to be regulated in a cell and tissue type-dependent manner. These findings favored the notion that phosphorylation of the COOH-terminal threonine plays a key role in the regulation of the cross-linking activity of ERM proteins in vivo.
Toxicology Versus Allergy in Restorative Dentistry (1992)

The frequency of side-effects among dental patients is very low and is seen mostly as mild allergic reactions. Among the dental staff, contact allergic eczema is occasionally seen, induced by certain metals and various organic materials.
In vitroconservation and propagation of medicinal plants (2004)

Abstract In recent years the quest for longevity and an improved quality of life has ventured into the realm of natural therapeutics, resulting in a wider acceptance of plant-based medicine in the Western world. This increased interest in natural remedies has also brought about the great challenge of maintaining a balance between the demand of expanding markets for plant-based medicines and the need to protect medicinal biodiversity. The development of effective cultivation technologies that define plant yield in terms of both biomass and medicinally active phytochemicals is therefore extremely important for long-term conservation of medicinal plants and their sustainable use. In vitro culture offers many advantages for the creation of germplasm banks of living, growing medicinal plant tissues, mass-propagation, and long-term storage in a suspended physiological state. This review describes some of the challenges and approaches of this rapidly growing discipline. The Plant Cell Technology Laboratory at the University of Guelph maintains a living collection of medicinal and endangered species collected over the last 4 years as part of an international interdisciplinary research collaboration.