gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis and Modelling of Mobile Terrestrial Networks with COFDM (1998)

In this paper, several methods for analysis of DAB and DVB terrestrial broadcasting networks are presented. We assume that the network is in service and is broadcasting digital audio (DAB) or digital video (DVB) signals. The signals are considered to be degraded by effects of multipath distortion and additive Gaussian noise. Radio network operators have to provide for good network service by measurement campaigns and network improvement. As a basis of network management, we present an in-service measurement system with suitable channel characterization algorithms that produce information about multipath situation and channel noise. Channel identification is accomplished either by maximum likelihood (ML) impulse response estimation, by recursive LMS algorithm (for that an approximation of the optimal step parameter is derived) or a new approximation with even less computational burden than the LMS algorithm. For multipath modeling a new ML estimation technique considering colored Gaussian noise is given.
Microwave synthesis of large few-layer graphene sheets in aqueous solution of ammonia (2010)

Few-layer graphene (FLG) sheets with sizes exceeding several micrometers have been synthesized by exfoliation of expanded graphite in aqueous solution of ammonia under microwave irradiation, with an overall yield approaching 8 wt.%. Transmission electron microscopy (in bright-field and dark-field modes) together with electron diffraction patterns and atomic force microscopy confirmed that this graphene material consisted mostly of mono-, bi- or few-layer graphene (less than ten layers). The high degree of surface reduction was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron and infrared spectroscopies. In addition, the high stability of the FLG in the liquid medium facilitates the deposition of the graphene material onto several substrates via low-cost solution-phase processing techniques, opening the way to subsequent applications of the material.
System Concepts for Bi- and Multi-Static SAR Missions (2003)

The performance and capabilities of bi- and multistatic spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) are analyzed. Such systems can be optimized for a broad range of applications like frequent monitoring, wide swath imaging, single-pass cross-track interferometry, along-track interferometry, resolution enhancement or radar tomography. Further potentials arises from digital beamforming on receive, which allows to gather additional information about the direction of the scattered radar echoes. This directional information can be used to suppress interferences, to improve geometric and radiometric resolution, or to increase the unambiguous swath width. Furthermore, a coherent combination of multiple receiver signals will allow for a suppression of azimuth ambiguities. For this, a reconstruction algorithm is derived, which enables a recovery of the unambiguous Doppler spectrum also in case of non-optimum receiver aperture displacements leading to a non-uniform sampling of the SAR signal. This algorithm has also a great potential for systems relying on the displaced phase center (DPC) technique, like the high resolution wide swath (HRWS) SAR or the split antenna approach in the TerraSAR-X and Radarsat II satellites. 1.
Residential Passive Design for Temperate Climates (2011)

The primary intention of passive design is to create a thermally comfortable building with reduced demand on mechanical (active) forms of heating, air conditioning and ventilation. This paper provides design practitioners with a general overview of the techniques for maximising thermal performance of a house. It will also help to explain the benefits and operation of passive solar design to clients.
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedure: efficacy of 10-mm versus 12-mm Wallstents. (1996)

Twelve-millimeter Wallstents yield statistically significantly poorer short- and long-term results in TIPS procedures. This is most likely due to the decreased radial strength of the larger stent, which is 50% less than that of the 10-mm stent.
High-gain multipassed Yb:YAG amplifier for ultrashort pulse laser (2016)

We report on a Yb:YAG laser amplifier for ultrashort pulse applications at kW-class average power. The laser uses two large-aperture, disk-type gain elements fabricated from composite ceramic YAG material, and a multi-pass extraction architecture to obtain high gain in a chirped-pulse amplification system. The disks are edge-pumped, thus allowing for reduced doping of the host material with laser ions, which translates to lower lasing threshold and lower heat dissipation in the Yb:YAG material. The latter makes it possible to amplify a near diffraction-limited seed without significant thermo-optical distortions. This work presents results of testing the laser amplifier with relay optics and passive polarization switching configured for energy extraction with up to 40 passes through the disks. Applications for the ultrashort pulse laser amplifier include producing a laser-induced plasma channel, laser material ablation, and laser acceleration of atomic particles.
Infusion of cholecystokinin octapeptide in man: relation between plasma cholecystokinin concentrations and gallbladder emptying rates (1984)

To establish the sensitivity of the gallbladder in relation to plasma concentrations of cholecystokinin, a dose-response study was performed in five normal volunteers. Cholecystokinin octapeptide was infused in ascending incremental dose sequence, interval blood samples taken for estimation of plasma hormone concentrations and gallbladder emptying rates monitored continuously using 99mTc-HIDA. In five other volunteers, gallbladder emptying rates following a liquid fat meal were measured. Infusion rates of 0.0, 0.75 +/- 0.2, 6.8 +/- 0.5, 23.8 +/- 1.6 and 66.1 +/- 2.5 pmol cholecystokinin kg-1 h-1 produced plasma concentrations of less than 3.0 (undetectable), less than 3.0, 6.6 +/- 1.8, 13.3 +/- 1.5 and 26.9 +/- 2.9 pmol l-1 respectively and gallbladder emptying rates (% min-1) of 0.0, 0.0, 0.14 +/- 0.15, 1.57 +/- 0.38 and 4.29 +/- 1.12. Following the fat meal, peak plasma cholecystokinin concentrations reach 30 pmol l-1 and gallbladder emptying rates (% min-1) are 3.86 +/- 1.01. We conclude that the threshold of the gallbladder to circulating cholecystokinin octapeptide is around 6 pmol l-1, but that infusions which result in plasma levels of around 25 pmol l-1 produce gallbladder emptying rates comparable with those seen after oral fat. This suggests that the gallbladder is equally sensitive to endogenous and exogenous cholecystokinin and that plasma concentrations observed after oral fat can entirely account for the gallbladder response.
In vitro reaction of ethylene oxide with DNA and characterization of DNA adducts (1992)

Ethylene oxide (EO) is a direct-acting SN2 alkylating agent and a rodent and probable human carcinogen. In vitro reactions of EO with calf thymus DNA in aqueous solution at neutral pH and 37 degrees C for 10 h resulted in the following 2-hydroxyethyl (HE) adducts (nmol/mg DNA): 7-HE-Gua (330), 3-HE-Ade (39), 1-HE-Ade (28), N6-HE-dAdo (6.2), 3-HE-Cyt (3.1), 3-HE-Ura (0.8) and 3-HE-dThd (2.0). Reference (marker) compounds were synthesized from reactions of EO with 2'-deoxyribonucleosides and DNA bases, isolated by paper and high performance liquid chromatography and characterized on the basis of chemical properties and UV, NMR and mass spectra. In agreement with our earlier studies with propylene oxide (PO) (Chem.-Biol. Interact., 67 (1988) 275-294) and glycidol (Cancer Biochem. Biophys., 11 (1990) 59-67), alkylation at N-3 of dCyd by EO under physiological conditions resulted in the rapid hydrolytic deamination of 3-HE-dCyd to 3-HE-dUrd. The hydroxyl group on the alkyl side chain which forms after epoxide alkylation is mechanistically involved in this rapid hydrolytic deamination. These results may provide important insights into the mechanisms of mutagenicity and carcinogenicity exhibited by EO and other SN2 aliphatic epoxides.
A phase 2, multicenter study of FOLFIRINOX followed by ipilimumab in combination with allogeneic GM-CSF transfected pancreatic tumor vaccine in the treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer. (2014)

TPS4160 Background: Combinatorial strategies aimed at priming tumor antigen-specific T cells while simultaneously blocking negative immune checkpoints may improve immunotherapy for immune tolerant cancers such as pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDA). In a previously reported trial, concurrent administration of an allogeneic GM-CSF transfected pancreatic tumor vaccine and the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) antibody, ipilimumab (IPI), which blocks an inhibitory signal on T cells resulted in both CT scan regressions and CA19-9 declines in heavily preteated patients. This proposal will test vaccine + IPI in patients with metastatic PDA who have stable disease (SD) with upfront FOLFIRINOX (5-FU/irinotecan/oxaliplatin) chemotherapy. Integrating immunotherapy after upfront chemotherapy has several advantages. Chemotherapy can debulk the tumor and predispose cancer cells to cell death mediated by immune cells. Immunotherapy can take weeks to months to be effective and is therefore more likely to work in patients with SD. Vaccine + IPI showed promise in heavily pre-treated patients and giving it immediately after front line chemotherapy may improve activity. Methods: This is a phase 2, multicenter, randomized, controlled, open-label trial in patients with metastatic PDA who have SD after 8-12 doses of FOLFIRINOX. 92 patients will be randomized 1:1 to Arm A (vaccine + IPI) or Arm B (continue chemotherapy per standard of care). Patients on Arm A will receive vaccine + IPI (10mg/kg) every 3 weeks for 4 doses then every 8 weeks. The primary objective of the study is to compare the overall survival (OS) of Arm A vs Arm B. Secondary objectives include: assessment of safety, progression-free survival (PFS), immune-related PFS, duration of response, objective response rate by RECIST and immune-related response criteria, and tumor marker kinetics (CA 19-9). Exploratory objectives include: identification of predictors of response and toxicity using proteomic techniques, assessment of T cell responses and genomic and IHC analyses of tumor tissue. (FDA Office of Orphan Products Development, R01FD004819-01). Clinical trial information: NCT01896869.
A novel vaccine platform using glucan particles for induction of protective responses againstFrancisella tularensisand other pathogens (2019)

Vaccines are considered the bedrock of preventive medicine. However, for many pathogens, it has been challenging to develop vaccines that stimulate protective, long-lasting immunity. We have developed a novel approach using β-1,3-D-glucans (BGs), natural polysaccharides abundantly present in fungal cell walls, as a biomaterial platform for vaccine delivery. BGs simultaneously provide for receptor-targeted antigen delivery to specialized antigen-presenting cells together with adjuvant properties to stimulate antigen-specific and trained non-specific immune responses. This review focuses on various approaches of using BG particles (GPs) to develop bacterial and fungal vaccine candidates. A special case history for the development of an effective GP tularaemia vaccine candidate is highlighted.
Improved spiking neural networks for EEG classification and epilepsy and seizure detection (2007)

The goal of this research is to develop an efficient SNN model for epilepsy and epileptic seizure detection using electroencephalograms (EEGs), a complicated pattern recognition problem. Three training algorithms are investigated: SpikeProp (using bo
CSF cyclic nucleotides and somatostatin in Parkinson's disease (1986)

Concentrations of cyclic adenosine 3',5' monophosphate (cAMP) were significantly lower in parkinsonian patients than in controls, but concentrations of guanosine 3',5' monophosphate (cGMP) were not altered. Both cAMP and cGMP levels were lower in patients with more severe symptoms on the left side of the body. Somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) was similar in parkinsonian patients and controls. Both cAMP and SLI were significantly related to acetylcholinesterase activity.
Release of Omega‐3 Fatty Acids by the Hydrolysis of Fish Oil Catalyzed by Lipases Immobilized on Hydrophobic Supports (2011)

Abstract The release of omega‐3 fatty acids by the mild enzymatic hydrolysis of sardine oil was studied. The derivatives of different lipases physically adsorbed on hydrophobic porous supports Hydrophobic Lipase Derivatives (HLD) were tested. These immobilized lipases can only hydrolyze oil molecules partitioned into the aqueous phase of a biphasic reaction system. HLD biocatalysts were compared to other enzyme derivatives that were obtained by very mild covalent immobilization on CNBr‐activated Sepharose Cyanogen bromide Lipase Derivatives (CNLD) that behave almost identically to soluble enzymes (CNLD). In general, HLD biocatalysts were found to be more active and more selective for the release of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) than CNLD. The most interesting biocatalyst was the HLD derivative of Yarrowia lipolytica lipase, which was found to be sevenfold more active and tenfold more selective than CNLD. On the other hand, the most active (but non‐selective) derivative was the HLD of Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase (PFL). The activity of this derivative was 0.6 International Units under non‐optimal reaction conditions. High‐loaded PFL derivatives could be very interesting for the release of mixtures of EPA and docosahexaenoic acid. Hydrophobic supports promote the interfacial activation of lipases, similar to the interaction promoted by oil drops on soluble enzymes. The most effective overactivation obtained in this work ranged from 6‐ to 20‐fold. The hydrolytic process was carried out under very mild conditions (pH 7.0 and 25 °C), and all lipase derivatives remained fully active for at least 15 days under these conditions.
Angiogenesis and Eye Disease (2015)

The retina consists of organized layers of photoreceptors, interneurons, glia, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells. The economic model of supply and demand used to appropriately determine cost is highly applicable to the retina, in which the extreme metabolic demands of phototransduction are met by precisely localized and designed vascular networks. Proper development and maintenance of these networks is critical to normal visual function; dysregulation is characteristic of several devastating human diseases, including but not limited to age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. In this article, we focus on the lessons learned from the study of retinal vascular development and how these lessons can be used to better maintain adult vascular networks and prevent retinal diseases. We then outline the vasculotrophic contributions from neurons, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, and glia (specifically microglia) before we shift our focus to pathology to provide molecular contexts for neovascular retinal diseases. Finally, we conclude with a discussion that applies what we have learned about how retinal cells interact with the vasculature to identify and validate therapeutic approaches for neurovascular disease of the retina.
Organization and functions of the student chapter of a state society of hospital pharmacists (1974)

The founding, organization and current activities of a student chapter affiliated with the Virginia Society of Hospital Pharmacists is described. The objectives of the organization are discussed, and the advantages of affiliation with the state society of hospital pharmacists are presented. The group's objectives deal with increasing student knowledge about hospital pharmacy practice, providing experience in hospital pharmacy practice, providing exposure to professional organizations, and improving pharmacy practice. The student chapter participates in many extracurricular activities and continuing education programs with the state society.
Research of influence of ultrasound on process of reception of biochemical vinegar on the concentrate of head impurity of ethyl spirit by bacteria Acetobacter aceti (2009)

Now transition from synthetic vinegar to microbiological, development of effective technologies of its reception is actual. With the purpose of decrease in the cost price spirit vinegar in structure of nutrient medium Acetobacter aceti instead of expensive ethyl spirit cheaper raw material - a concentrate of head impurity of ethyl spirit (CHIES). Are certain optimum concentration CHIES in a nutrient medium for Acetobacter aceti which has made 20, 0% from volume of ethyl spirit and duration cultivation during 8 day. Thus accumulation of an acetic acid in cultural liquids 8, 0 r/100 sm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , concentration of residual spirit of 0, 34% vol. Therefore Optimum modes of an intensification of cultivation process Acetobacter aceti due to US-processing by capacity 40 W within 6 minutes at which concentration of an acetic acid increases for 11, 1% are established, and residual spirit reduces by 41, 2%.
Alteration in membrane permeability by diacylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine containing arachidonic acid (1983)

The phospholipid metabolites, stearoylarachidonylglycerol and diarachidonylglycerol, stimulate transepithelial sodium transport in frog skin epithelium. The increase in Na transport is due to an increase in the unidirectional influx of sodium, is amiloride sensitive and is prevented with pretreatment with indomethacin, mefanamic acid and phospholipase inhibitor, mepacrine. The data suggest a possible role of phospholipid metabolism and prostaglandin biosynthesis in the regulation of transepithelial ion transport.
A dynamic programming processor for speech recognition (1989)

A dynamic programming processor with parallel and pipeline architecture is described. A 2- mu m CMOS technology was applied to the DP processor, which is composed of 127309 transistors on a 7.17*8.62-mm/sup 2/ die and is housed in an 84-pin PLCC (plastic leaded chip carrier) or PGA (pin grid array) package. The clock frequency is 20 MHz, and the instruction cycle time is 100 ns. Precise electrical simulations permitted the safe use of nonstandard logic and area and power reduction. Implementation of a direct access to all internal registers has proven useful for chip test and software development. A system using one DP processor has given very good results on a wide variety of applications and 0.48% error rate on tests with standard NATO tapes. These results are significantly better than those published for other systems on the same tests.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
An Ion Gel as a Low-Cost, Spin-Coatable, High-Capacitance Dielectric for Electrowetting-on-Dielectric (EWOD) (2015)

For many practical electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) applications, the use of high-capacitance dielectric materials is critically demanded to induce a large surface tension modulation. Thin-film dielectric layers such as Parylene C, silicon dioxide (SiO2), and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) have been commonly used for EWOD. However, these dielectric materials are fabricated by conventional integrated circuit (IC) processes which are typically time-consuming and require complex and expensive laboratory setups such as high-vacuum facilities. In this article, a novel ion gel material was demonstrated as a spin-coatable and high-capacitance dielectric for low-cost EWOD applications. The ion gel offers a 2 or 3 order higher capacitance (c ≈ 10 μF/cm2) than conventional dielectrics commonly used for EWOD while being fabricated through a simple low-cost spin-coating process. We discuss the fundamentals of an ion gel dielectric, its fabrication process of spin coating, and the interaction with a hydrophobic layer for practical EWOD applications. The ion gel films, which consist of a copolymer, poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) [P(VDF-HFP)], and an ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [EMIM][TFSI], were successfully deposited on ITO substrates by using a simple spin-coating process. The experimental demonstrations validated the theoretical modeling of the ion gel layer as a high-capacitance dielectric. The EWOD performance of the ion gel samples was compared to that of other conventional dielectric materials to show the performance improvement.
Triphasic Nanocolloids (2006)

Triphasic nanocolloids, that is, nanocolloids with three distinct compartments, were successfully produced by use of electrified co-jetting. Simultaneous manipulation of the three parallel liquid with laminar flows yielded a liquid droplet with three interfaces between the jetting liquids. Under a high electric potential, a single liquid jet was produced from the triple point of the droplet. Separation between the phases was maintained throughout the jetting process and resulted in triphasic nanocolloids. Poly(ethylene oxide), poly(acrylic acid), and poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) solutions were used and verified to be compatible with the process. Fluorescent-labeled biomolecules were selectively incorporated in each phase of the nanocolloids, and confocal laser scanning microscopy was employed for the characterization. Scanning electron microscopy results verified that the sizes of the colloids are in the range of nanocolloids. This simple and versatile technique to fabricate multicompartment nanocolloids is expected to have great impact on drug delivery, molecular imaging, and smart displays.