gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Research data supporting: Iterative reactions of transient boronic acids enable sequential C-C bond formation (2016)

NMR files
Ph2 encodes the mismatch repair protein MSH7-3D that inhibits wheat homoeologous recombination (2021)

Meiotic recombination is a critical process for plant breeding, as it creates novel allele combinations that can be exploited for crop improvement. In wheat, a complex allohexaploid that has a diploid-like behaviour, meiotic recombination between homoeologous or alien chromosomes is suppressed through the action of several loci. Here, we report positional cloning of Pairing homoeologous 2 (Ph2) and functional validation of the wheat DNA mismatch repair protein MSH7-3D as a key inhibitor of homoeologous recombination, thus solving a half-century-old question. Similar to ph2 mutant phenotype, we show that mutating MSH7-3D induces a substantial increase in homoeologous recombination (up to 5.5 fold) in wheat-wild relative hybrids, which is also associated with a reduction in homologous recombination. These data reveal a role for MSH7-3D in meiotic stabilisation of allopolyploidy and provides an opportunity to improve wheat's genetic diversity through alien gene introgression, a major bottleneck facing crop improvement.
Novel MBTPS2 Missense Mutation in the N‐Terminus Transmembrane Domain in a Patient with Ichthyosis Follicularis, Alopecia, and Photophobia Syndrome (2013)

Ichthyosis follicularis, alopecia, and photophobia (IFAP) syndrome is an X-linked dominant condition characterized by the triad of ichthyosis follicularis, alopecia, and photophobia caused by mutations in the MBTPS2 gene. Herein we describe a proband with IFAP syndrome with mild cutaneous manifestations and a novel MBTPS2 mutation in the N-terminal transmembrane domain.
The prospects for ultrahigh-speed VLSI GaAs digital logic (1979)

Recent advances in the state of GaAs integrated circuit fabrication technology have made possible the demonstration of ultrahigh performance ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\tau_{d} \sim 100</tex> ps) GaAs digital IC's with up to 64 gate MSI circuit complexities and with gate areas and power dissipations sufficiently low to make VLSI circuits achievable. It is the purpose of this paper to evaluate, based on the current state of GaAs IC technology and the fundamental device physics involved, the prospects of achieving an ultrahigh-speed VLSI GaAs IC technology. The paper includes a performance comparison analysis of Si and GaAs FET's and switching circuits which indicates that, for equivalent speed-power product operation, GaAs IC's should be about six times faster than Si IC's. The state of the art in GaAs IC fabrication and logic circuit approaches is reviewed, with particular emphasis on those approaches which are LSI/VLSI compatible in power and density. The experimental performance results are compared for the leading GaAs logic circuit approaches, both for simple ring oscillators and for more complex sequential logic circuits (which have demonstrated equivalent gate delays as low as <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\tau_{d} = 110</tex> ps).
High-Frequency Plasma Heating (1992)

Contents: Electron-cyclotron resonance heating of toroidal plasmas. Lower-hybrid plasma heating in tokamaks. RF heating in the ion cyclotron frequency range. Alfven wave heating and current drive. Noninductive methods of current drive in tokamaks. Linear conversion of electromagnetic and plasma waves in a two-dimensional inhomogenous plasma. Nonlinear effects in RF plasma heating. Plasma diagnostic and toroidal systems using microwave radiation at frequencies close to electron cyclotron harmonics.
Impacts of Autonomous Vehicles on Traffic Flow Characteristics under Mixed Traffic Environment: Future Perspectives (2021)

Vehicle automation and communication technologies are considered promising approaches to improve operational driving behavior. The expected gradual implementation of autonomous vehicles (AVs) shortly will cause unique impacts on the traffic flow characteristics. This paper focuses on reviewing the expected impacts under a mixed traffic environment of AVs and regular vehicles (RVs) considering different AV characteristics. The paper includes a policy implication discussion for possible actual future practice and research interests. The AV implementation has positive impacts on the traffic flow, such as improved traffic capacity and stability. However, the impact depends on the factors including penetration rate of the AVs, characteristics, and operational settings of the AVs, traffic volume level, and human driving behavior. The critical penetration rate, which has a high potential to improve traffic characteristics, was higher than 40%. AV’s intelligent control of operational driving is a function of its operational settings, mainly car-following modeling. Different adjustments of these settings may improve some traffic flow parameters and may deteriorate others. The position and distribution of AVs and the type of their leading or following vehicles may play a role in maximizing their impacts.
Appliance Automation Using LiFi with MQTT in Hybrid Star & Tree Network Setup (2018)

The project demonstrates Appliance Automation using a combination of specialized technologies (such as LiFi and MQTT) in a hybrid star and tree network setup. The aim is to ensure the operation of various appliances using our model all the while analyzing, monitoring and evaluating the data accrued via the sensors and the appliances. The project is seen as an advancement towards overcoming the limitations posed by other wireless communication technologies when it comes to realizing IoT efficiently. In particular, the project demonstrates light automation using LiFi with Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol. In addition, machine learning has been applied in regards to the light intensity being adjusted by a prediction model generated through Polynomial Regression. The model accurately predicts the light intensity required based on particular time of the day using the Regression model. This predicted value can be used to reset the light intensity.
Exploring divisibility and summability of 'photon' wave packets in nonlinear optical phenomena (2009)

Formulations for second and higher harmonic frequency up & down conversions, as well as multi photon processes directly assume summability and divisibility of photons. Quantum mechanical (QM) interpretations are completely congruent with these assumptions. However, for linear optical phenomena (interference, diffraction, refraction, material dispersion, spectral dispersion, etc.), we have a profound dichotomy. Most optical engineers innovate and analyze all optical instruments by propagating pure classical electromagnetic (EM) fields using Maxwell's equations and gives only 'lip-service' to the concept "indivisible light quanta". Further, irrespective of linearity or nonlinearity of the phenomena, the final results are always registered through some photo-electric or photo-chemical effects. This is mathematically well modeled by a quadratic action (energy absorption) relation. Since QM does not preclude divisibility or summability of photons in nonlinear & multi-photon effects, it cannot have any foundational reason against these same possibilities in linear optical phenomena. It implies that we must carefully revisit the fundamental roots behind all lightmatter interaction processes and understand the common origin of "graininess" and "discreteness' of light energy.
Coiled tubing used for slim hole re-entry (1992)

A coiled tubing unit with slim hole tools successfully re-entered and cored an existing Elf Aquitaine vertical well in the Paris basin in France. This experiment proved that coiled tubing could be used to drill, core, and test a slim hole well. Elf Aquitaine studied the use of coiled tubing for drilling inexpensive exploration wells in the Paris basin. As a result of this study, Elf believed that coiled tubing exploration drilling could significantly reduce exploration costs. This paper reports on a number of questions raised by this study: Can coiled tubing be used effectively to drill slim open hole How would the drilling rate compare with that of a conventional drilling rig If the rate were too slow, coiled tubing might not be economical. Can a straight vertical well be drilled Coiled tubing pipe has a residual curvature from bending over the reel and gooseneck. Will this curvature make it impossible to drill straight Can the coiled tubing also be used to take cores Once the hole is drilled, can it be tested with coiled tubing
Amorphous Iridium Oxide Nanoparticle Films Prepared by Low-temperature Annealing and Plasma Treatment as Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts (2020)

This study reports a facile strategy to prepare IrOx nanoparticle films on FTO substrates through simple spin-coating, annealing, and plasma treatment, which act as efficient electrocatalysts towards oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Typical amorphous IrOx nanoparticle film obtained by annealing at 300 °C and air-plasma treatment exhibits excellent OER performance in acidic electrolyte with a low overpotential of 290 mV at 10 mA cm−2, a Tafel slope of 55.4 mV dec−1, and an ultrahigh mass activity of 993 A g−1 at 1.55 V, which is among the best compared to the results reported in the literature. This study reports a facile approach to preparing IrOx nanoparticles on FTO substrates by spin-coating, annealing, and air-plasma treatment for efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Typical amorphous IrOx nanoparticle film exhibits excellent catalytic performance towards OER in acidic electrolyte with a low overpotential of 290 mV at 10 mA cm−2, a Tafel slope of 55.4 mV dec−1, and an ultrahigh mass activity of 993 A g−1 at 1.55 V.
Phase delay of pulmonary acoustic transmission from trachea to chest wall (1992)

The frequency-dependent propagation time, or phase delay tau (f), of sonic noise transmission from the trachea to the chest wall was estimated over the 100-600 Hz frequency range using a phase estimation technique from measurements performed on eight healthy subjects. Since tau (f) can be greater than one period of the input signal at frequencies greater than 100 Hz, the unambiguous phase estimate at 100 Hz was used as a starting-point to determine the phase angle H(f) and tau (f) at higher frequencies under the constraint that the spectra did not exhibit large point-to-point discontinuities. The resulting tau (f) range of 0.9-4.1 ms is consistent with sound propagation to the chest wall through both airways and surrounding parenchyma. The frequency and spatial dependence of tau (f) indicates that with increasing frequency more sonic energy travels further into the branching airway structure before coupling into the parenchyma. These results suggest that information concerning distinct regional lung structures may be obtained by probing the system acoustically over selected frequency bands.
A Tandem Michael Addition/Amino-Nitrile Cyclization in the Synthesis of Novel Indolizines (2007)

International audience
Selective synthesis of chlorophosphoramidites using ionic liquids (2009)

A range of chlorophosphoramidites have been prepared in ionic liquids and compared with material synthesised in molecular solvents. Through the use of ionic liquids as reaction media the moisture sensitivity and impurity issues hampering existing traditional synthetic routes have been eased. Not only can stock chemicals be used without purification, but the reactions may be conducted at room temperature and at high concentrations. Furthermore, reaction times are reduced and rapid addition of reagents is possible whilst retaining tight control over product selectivity. Beyond their role as reaction media, ionic liquids also present a unique storage medium for these highly moisture sensitive chlorophosphoramidites.
Human milk oligosaccharides – the plot thickens (2008)

Human milk is a complex physiological fluid that provides nutrients as well as bioactive factors for the infant ( 1 ) . A distinctive property of human milk among all other species is its remarkable content and structural diversity of oligosaccharides ( 2 – 4 ) .
Robo1-specific CAR-NK Immunotherapy Enhances Efficacy of 125I Seed Brachytherapy in an Orthotopic Mouse Model of Human Pancreatic Carcinoma (2019)

Robo1 specific CAR-NK immunotherapy enhances efficacy of <sup>125</sup>I seed brachytherapy in an orthotopic pancreatic cancer mouse model.
An Automated Fuel Injector Shear Stability Tester (1969)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The automated Fuel Injector Shear Stability Tester, a simple mechanical bench test for evaluating shear stability of polymer-containing oils, is described. Its advantages include unattended operation, fast, repeatable results, relatively small sample size requirement, and availability of several levels of shearing severity. The test shows good agreement with viscosity loss due to shear for various polymer types in a motored engine and in field tests of automotive crankcase oils. Good correlation with road test data for automatic transmission fluids is also shown.&lt;/div&gt;
Chronic oxytocin administration inhibits food intake, increases energy expenditure, and produces weight loss in fructose-fed obese rhesus monkeys (2014)

Despite compelling evidence that oxytocin (OT) is effective in reducing body weight (BW) in diet-induced obese (DIO) rodents, studies of the effects of OT in humans and rhesus monkeys have primarily focused on noningestive behaviors. The goal of this study was to translate findings in DIO rodents to a preclinical translational model of DIO. We tested the hypothesis that increased OT signaling would reduce BW in DIO rhesus monkeys by inhibiting food intake and increasing energy expenditure (EE). Male DIO rhesus monkeys from the California National Primate Research Center were adapted to a 12-h fast and maintained on chow and a daily 15% fructose-sweetened beverage. Monkeys received 2× daily subcutaneous vehicle injections over 1 wk. We subsequently identified doses of OT (0.2 and 0.4 mg/kg) that reduced food intake and BW in the absence of nausea or diarrhea. Chronic administration of OT for 4 wk (0.2 mg/kg for 2 wk; 0.4 mg/kg for 2 wk) reduced BW relative to vehicle by 3.3 ± 0.4% (≈0.6 kg; P < 0.05). Moreover, the low dose of OT suppressed 12-h chow intake by 26 ± 7% (P < 0.05). The higher dose of OT reduced 12-h chow intake by 27 ± 5% (P < 0.05) and 8-h fructose-sweetened beverage intake by 18 ± 8% (P < 0.05). OT increased EE during the dark cycle by 14 ± 3% (P < 0.05) and was associated with elevations of free fatty acids and glycerol and reductions in triglycerides suggesting increased lipolysis. Together, these data suggest that OT reduces BW in DIO rhesus monkeys through decreased food intake as well as increased EE and lipolysis.
Optimization of an internally finned rotating heat pipe. (1992)

A finite element formulation with linear triangular elements was used to solve the steady-state, two-dimensional conduction heat transfer equation in the condenser wall section of-an internally finned rotating heat pipe. A FORTRAN program using this method was coupled with the ADS program for automated design of the internal heat pipe fin geometry to optimize heat transfer. An increase in surface area, which increases heat transfer, also increases the condensate level, which decreases heat transfer. The additional condensate level does not offset the advantage gained by the increased surface area. The investigation provided combinations of fin half angle, number of fins, and fin height for an optimum design. Water in used as the working fluid and the heat pipe is constructed from copper. Optimization, Heat Pipe.
Ergebnisse mit Goldpistons bei der Stapedektomie mit kleiner Fensterung (1997)

Fragestellung: Bei der Stapesplastik mit kleiner Fensterung werden seit Beginn der 90er Jahre zunehmend aus reinem Gold gefertigte Pistons (K-Piston) verwendet. Ziel dieser klinischen Untersuchung war die Analyse der funktionellen Ergebnisse anhand eigener Patienten, die anlÄsslich einer Stapedektomie mit kleiner Fensterung mit Goldpistons versorgt wurden, im Hinblick auf HÖrgewinn, zeitliche Entwicklung der HÖrgewinne, mÖgliche Risken, sowie mÖgliche EinflÜsse des Pistondurchmessers auf den HÖrgewinn. Patienten und Methoden: Bei im Zeitraum 1994-1996 insgesamt 158 durchgefÜhrten primÄren Stapedektomien mit kleiner Fensterung wurde das im Durchmesser 0,4 mm messende Goldpiston in 70, das 0,6 mm messende in 88 Fallen eingesetzt. Die HÖrergebnisse wurden reintonaudiometrisch prÄoperativ sowie 3 und > 6-24 Monate postoperativ fÜr die Frequenzen 0,5, 1,2 und 4 kHz analysiert. Zum Nachweis einer Signifikanz der Unterschiede im HÖrgewinn mit den einzelnen PistongrÖssen wurden der t-Test und der Kolmogorov-Smirnov-Test angewandt. Ergebnisse: Nach > 6 Monaten betrug das Mittel der individuellen HÖrgewinne entsprechend den erwÄhnten Frequenzen 32, 31, 22 und 6 dB. In Über 90% der FÄlle wurde ein Verschluss der Luft-Knochen-LÜcke auf < 10 dB bei den Frequenzen 1 und 2 kHz beobachtet. Das Risiko einer HÖrverschlechterung > lOdB war annÄhernd 0% bei 0,5 und 1 kHz, 3% bei 2 kHz und 19% bei 4 kHz. Bei 1 Patienten trat infolge einer Labyrinthfistel eine an Taubheit grenzende sensorineurale SchwerhÖrigkeit auf. Der HÖrgewinn war nach 3 Monaten erreicht und blieb stabil. Beim Vergleich der Pistondurchmesser war das Mittel der individuellen HÖrgewinne mit 0,6-mm-Pistons bei 0,5 und 1 kHz um 6 bzw. 5 dB grosser als mit 0,4-mm-Pistons und zeigte zunehmende Gleichheit bei 2 und 4 kHz. Dementsprechend war der prozentuale Anteil der FÄlle mit Anhebung der Luftleitung Über die Knochenleitung («overclosure») bei den Frequenzen 0,5 und 1 kHz betrÄchtlich grosser mit 0,6-mm-Pistons als mit 0,4-mm-Pistons. Die statistische PrÜfung bestÄtigte einen signifikant grÖsseren HÖrgewinn mit 0,6-mm-Pistons mit BeschrÄnkung auf die Frequenz 0,5 kHz. Schlussfolgerungen: Mit Goldpistons wurden im Sprachfrequenzbereich gute und stabile HÖrergebnisse erzielt, die dem Vergleich mit Pistons aus anderen Materialien standhalten. Zur Optimierung des HÖrgewinns bei den tiefen Frequenzen kann die Insertion von 0,6-mm-Pistons empfohlen werden.
Polyanionic clusters embedded in lattice-type hydrogen bonding networks involving in situ bond activation and coupling of organic cations (2015)

Grid-type hydrogen bonding networks of organic cations are used to capture pseudo-spherical Keggin-type anionic clusters.
An airborne infrared laser spectrometer for in-situ trace gas measurements: application to tropical convection case studies (2015)

Abstract. A three-channel laser absorption spectrometer called SPIRIT (SPectromètre InfraRouge In situ Toute altitude) has been developed for airborne measurements of trace gases in the troposphere and lower stratosphere. More than three different species can be measured simultaneously with high time resolution (each 1.6 s) using three individual CW-DFB-QCLs (Continuous Wave Distributed FeedBack Quantum Cascade Lasers) coupled to a single Robert multipass optical cell. The lasers are operated in a time-multiplexed mode. Absorption of the mid-infrared radiations occur in the cell (2.8 L with effective path lengths of 134 to 151 m) at reduced pressure, with detection achieved using a HgCdTe detector cooled by Stirling cycle. The performances of the instrument are described, in particular precisions of 1, 1 and 3 %, and volume mixing ratio (vmr) sensitivities of 0.4, 6 and 2.4 ppbv are determined at 1.6 s for CO, CH4 and N2O, respectively (at 1σ confidence level). Estimated accuracies without calibration are about 6 %. Dynamic measuring ranges of about four decades are established. The first deployment of SPIRIT was realized aboard the Falcon-20 research aircraft operated by DLR (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt) within the frame of the SHIVA (Stratospheric Ozone: Halogen Impacts in a Varying Atmosphere) European project in November-December 2011 over Malaysia. The convective outflows from two large convective systems near Borneo Island (6.0° N–115.5° E and 5.5° N–118.5° E) were sampled above 11 km in altitude on 19 November and 9 December, respectively. Correlated enhancements in CO and CH4 vmr were detected when the aircraft crossed the outflow anvil of both systems. These enhancements were interpreted as the fingerprint of transport from the boundary layer up through the convective system and then horizontal advection in the outflow. Using these observations, the fraction of boundary layer air contained in fresh convective outflow was calculated to range between 22 and 31 %, showing the variability of the mixing taking place during convective transport.
The Michigan Robotics Undergraduate Curriculum: Defining the Discipline of Robotics for Equity and Excellence (2023)

The Robotics Major at the University of Michigan was successfully launched in the 2022-23 academic year as an innovative step forward to better serve students, our communities, and our society. Building on our guiding principle of "Robotics with Respect" and our larger Robotics Pathways model, the Michigan Robotics Major was designed to define robotics as a true academic discipline with both equity and excellence as our highest priorities. Understanding that talent is equally distributed but opportunity is not, the Michigan Robotics Major has embraced an adaptable curriculum that is accessible through a diversity of student pathways and enables successful and sustained career-long participation in robotics, AI, and automation professions. The results after our planning efforts (2019-22) and first academic year (2022-23) have been highly encouraging: more than 100 students declared Robotics as their major, completion of the Robotics major by our first two graduates, soaring enrollments in our Robotics classes, thriving partnerships with Historically Black Colleges and Universities. This document provides our original curricular proposal for the Robotics Undergraduate Program at the University of Michigan, submitted to the Michigan Association of State Universities in April 2022 and approved in June 2022. The dissemination of our program design is in the spirit of continued growth for higher education towards realizing equity and excellence. The most recent version of this document is also available on Google Docs through this link: https://ocj.me/robotics_major
La invención del desierto chaqueño: Una aproximación a las formas de apropiación simbólica de los territorios del Chaco en los tiempos de formación (1999)

Un conjunto de representaciones organizan la experiencia social y son constitutivas de ciertas practicas. Algunas de ellas, se manifiestan en la apropiacion de conceptos por parte de sujetos o grupos sociales para nominar aspectos del mundo y visiones sobre dichos aspectos que, a veces, condensan en un mismo termino diferentes concepciones del mundo social. Pero la fuerte recurrencia de ciertas metaforas puede entenderse como la institucionalizacion de una imagen ­por cierto, no univoca-, de una mirada particular sobre los fenomenos que conceptualiza. En este articulo se abordaran algunos usos y resignificaciones que del termino desierto se hicieron en ambitos vinculados con las practicas de apropiacion territorial del Chaco en el periodo de consolidacion del Estado-nacion argentino, entre ellos, los organismos militares que encabezaron los avances sobre el Chaco en forma sistematica desde 1884 a partir de la Campana del General B. Victorica, y las instituciones geograficas que participaron de los debates intelectuales en torno de las problematicas sobre la ocupacion y colonizacion del Chaco. El objetivo de este trabajo es, entonces, indagar acerca de las imagenes construidas sobre el Chaco y articuladas en la metafora desierto por parte de aquellos sujetos interesados en transformarlo en un no-desierto, en el seno del proceso de formacion estatal argentino.