gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A High Temperature SOI-CMOS Chipset Focusing Sensor Electronics for Operating Temperatures up to 300 °C (2021)

Abstract Sensors are key elements for capturing environmental properties and are increasingly important in the industry for the intelligent control of industrial processes. While in many everyday objects highly integrated sensor systems are already state of the art, the situation in an industrial environment is clearly different. Frequently the use of sensor systems is impossible, because the extreme ambient conditions of industrial processes like high operating temperatures or strong mechanical load do not allow a reliable operation of sensitive electronic components. Fraunhofer is running the Lighthouse Project ‘eHarsh’ to overcome this hurdle. In the course of the project an integrated sensor readout electronic has been realized based on a set of three chips. A dedicated sensor frontend provides the analog sensor interface for resistive sensors typically arranged in a Wheatstone configuration. Furthermore, the chipset includes a 32-bit microcontroller for signal conditioning and sensor control. Finally, it comprises an interface chip including a bus transceiver and voltage regulators. The chipset has been realized in a high temperature 0.35 micron SOI-CMOS technology focusing operating temperatures up to 300 °C. The chipset is assembled on a multilayer ceramic LTCC-board using flip chip technology. The ceramic board consists of 4 layers with a total thickness of approx. 0.9 mm. The internal wiring is based on silver paste while external contacts were alternatively manufactured in silver (sintering/soldering) or in gold-alloys (wire bonding). As interconnection technology, silver sintering has been applied. It has already been shown that a significant increase in lifetime can be reached by using silver sintering for die attach applications. Using silver sintering for flip chip technology is a new and challenging approach. By adjusting the process parameter geared to the chipset design and the design of the ceramic board high quality flip chip interconnects can be generated.
Oxidation of Carbon Nanotubes for Improving the Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Oil-Well Cement-Based Composites (2022)

Carbon nanotubes are used to improve both the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of cement, allowing the preparation of a strengthened and toughened cement that can be used for self-monitoring applications. Functionalization by reaction with acid is necessary to guarantee both a good dispersion in water and a strong interaction with cement. Sulfonitric acid (a solution of sulfuric acid and nitric acid) is the best oxidation treatment to decorate the surface of carbon nanotubes with polar groups. The time of treatment influences the mechanical and electrical properties of the composites, and in this work, the effect of the length of the treatment on both CNTs and composites was thoroughly analyzed. It was shown that a long-time oxidation treatment (90 min) was very effective to obtain well-dispersed carbon nanotubes that allow us to obtain cement-based composites with a large improvement of mechanical properties with respect to plain cement: 213% for flexural strength, 90% for fracture energy, and 20% for compressive strength. Furthermore, the electrical resistivity of cement-based composites was reduced to only 3% of the value of plain cement.
High-order Raman sidebands generated from the near-infrared to ultraviolet region by four-wave Raman mixing of hydrogen using an ultrashort two-color pump beam (2012)

A two-color pump beam consisting of a fundamental beam of a Ti:sapphire laser (35 fs, 802 nm) and a signal beam generated by optical parametric amplification (55 fs, 1203 nm) was utilized to generate multiple Raman sidebands by vibrational four-wave Raman mixing. The second harmonic emission (401 nm) was further employed as a seed beam for enhancing efficiency. Numerous sidebands emitting at 602, 481, 344, 301, 267, 241, 219, 200, and 185 nm were observed by irradiating the beam onto a screen coated with sodium salicylate. The spectral band width of these emission lines was capable of generating 0.9-fs optical pulses by Fourier synthesis.
A Brief Tour of Deep Learning from a Statistical Perspective (2023)

We expose the statistical foundations of deep learning with the goal of facilitating conversation between the deep learning and statistics communities. We highlight core themes at the intersection; summarize key neural models, such as feedforward neural networks, sequential neural networks, and neural latent variable models; and link these ideas to their roots in probability and statistics. We also highlight research directions in deep learning where there are opportunities for statistical contributions.
Experimental proof of universal conductance fluctuation in quasi-one-dimensional epitaxial Bi2Se3wires (2013)

We report on conductance fluctuation in quasi-one-dimensional wires made of epitaxial Bi${}_{2}$Se${}_{3}$ thin film. We found that this type of fluctuation decreases as the wire length becomes longer and that the amplitude of the fluctuation is well scaled to the coherence, thermal diffusion, and wire lengths, as predicted by conventional universal conductance fluctuation (UCF) theory. Additionally, the amplitude of the fluctuation can be understood to be equivalent to the UCF amplitude of a system with strong spin-orbit interaction and no time-reversal symmetry. These results indicate that the conductance fluctuation in Bi${}_{2}$Se${}_{3}$ wires is explainable through UCF theory. This work verifies the scaling relationship of UCF in a system with strong spin-orbit interaction.
Management of High-risk Patients on Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs or Aspirin (2006)

Low-dose aspirin is increasingly used for the primary prevention of cardiovascular events. However, current evidence suggests that the gastrointestinal and other bleeding risks of aspirin probably outweigh its potential benefits in primary prevention. Various strategies have been proposed to reduce the gastrointestinal risk of aspirin, including gastroprotection with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection and replacing aspirin with other anti-platelet agents. Although co-therapy with a PPI and the eradication of H. pylori substantially reduce the risk of recurrent ulcer bleeding with aspirin, the replacement of aspirin by clopidogrel cannot be recommended to patients with a high gastrointestinal risk. Traditionally, strategies for the prevention of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced ulcer complications included co-therapy with a gastroprotective agent and the substitution of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors for non-selective NSAID. Evidence emerged recently that COX-2 inhibitors and some non-selective NSAID increase cardiovascular risk. Before prescribing anti-inflammatory therapy, both gastrointestinal and cardiovascular risk factors of individual patients need to be evaluated. In patients with increased cardiovascular risk requiring anti-inflammatory analgesics, the combination of a non-selective NSAID, low-dose aspirin and a PPI is the preferred treatment.
THz Zenneck surface wave (THz surface plasmon) propagation on a metal sheet (2006)

We present an experimental study of the propagation of the THz Zenneck surface wave on an aluminum sheet, now more commonly denoted as the THz surface plasmon (TSP). Here, the TSP pulse is generated by coupling the THz pulse from a metal parallel-plate waveguide onto the aluminum sheet; the propagated TSP pulse is detected at the output end of the sheet using a standard photoconductive dipole antenna. We separate the associated free-space THz pulse from the TSP pulse using a curved sheet. The observed weakly guided TSP propagation has the expected low group velocity dispersion, but also has anomalously high attenuation and much tighter binding to the metal surface than predicted by Zenneck theory.
"Dynamic Model Of Laser Cutting Including; Pulsed Operation" (1986)

A dynamic description of laser cutting based on a previously developed steady state model has been elaborated. With that dynamic model the periodic striation pattern that is formed on the cut surfaces can be satisfactory explained. i2loreover, the above model can be used to analyse cutting with pulsed radiation and elucidates some important technical aspects of pulsed cutting.
Discovery of piperlongumine as a potential novel lead for the development of senolytic agents (2016)

Accumulating evidence indicates that senescent cells play an important role in many age-associated diseases. The pharmacological depletion of senescent cells (SCs) with a "senolytic agent", a small molecule that selectively kills SCs, is a potential novel therapeutic approach for these diseases. Recently, we discovered ABT-263, a potent and highly selective senolytic agent, by screening a library of rationally-selected compounds. With this screening approach, we also identified a second senolytic agent called piperlongumine (PL). PL is a natural product that is reported to have many pharmacological effects, including anti-tumor activity. We show here that PL preferentially killed senescent human WI-38 fibroblasts when senescence was induced by ionizing radiation, replicative exhaustion, or ectopic expression of the oncogene <i>Ras</i>. PL killed SCs by inducing apoptosis, and this process did not require the induction of reactive oxygen species. In addition, we found that PL synergistically killed SCs in combination with ABT-263, and initial structural modifications to PL identified analogs with improved potency and/or selectivity in inducing SC death. Overall, our studies demonstrate that PL is a novel lead for developing senolytic agents.
The expression of biologically active human p53 inLeishmaniacells: a novel eukaryotic system to produce recombinant proteins (1995)

We have investigated the use of Leishmania cells as a novel eukaryotic expression system for the production of recombinant protein. These cells are easy to maintain, requiring no CO2 incubator or shaker, and can be grown in standard tissue culture media. Leishmania cells can be readily transfected with plasmid DNA by electroporation and transformants selected with antibiotic resistance. Recent studies have shown that it is possible to express foreign genes in Leishmania for the purpose of understanding the biology of this protozoan cell. In the present study we report the use of this system as a means of producing a biologically functional human p53 protein. The conformation of the p53 protein is critical for its ability to bind specific DNA sequences. It is demonstrated that Leishmania-synthesized human p53 is phosphorylated and can bind specifically to its enhancer DNA sequence. These data demonstrate that Leishmania may represent a simple eukaryotic expression system for the production of biologically active recombinant proteins.
Summary of Twenty Years of Kansas SDI Research (2009)

This paper will summarize research efforts with subsurface drip irrigation in Kansas that have occurred during the period 1989 through 2009. Special emphasis will be made on brief summaries of the different types of research that have been conducted including water and nutrient management for the principal crops of the region, SDI design parameters and system longevity and economics. Annual system performance evaluations have shown that dripline flowrates are within 5% of their original values. Economic analysis shows that systems with such longevity can be cost competitive even for the lower-valued commodity crops grown in the region.
The Murine L-plastin Gene Promoter: Identification and Comparison with the Human L-plastin Gene Promoter (1997)

Plastins (or fimbrins) are a family of actin-binding proteins that are conserved from yeast to humans. In mammals, three tissue-specific plastin isoforms have been identified. The L isoform (L-plastin) is normally expressed only in leukocytes but is also found in >90% of neoplastic nonleukocyte human cells. Because L-plastin expression in tissue-specifically regulated in both humans and rodents, it is likely that similar mechanisms regulate L-plastin gene expression in human and rodent cells and that they could be identified by comparing the function and nucleotide sequences of the human and murine L-plastin gene promoters. Previously, we reported the isolation and characterization of the human L-plastin gene promoter. In this study, we isolated a murine L-plastin 5' end cDNA and used it as a probe to isolate several murine genomic clones. A representative clone contained 7 kb of the flanking region, 0.1 kb of the first exon, and 9.9 kb of the first intron. A continuous 1,354-bp sequence was identified around the first exon. Five transcription initiation sites were found 40 to 73 bp downstream from a perfect TATA box. Alignment of the sequence with its human counterpart revealed approximately 60% homology in a 1-kb region spanning the first exon and the flanking region. The TATA box, one ER binding site, and two ETS binding sites were completely conserved. An Sp1 binding sequence in the human promoter was partially conserved in the murine promoter but could still bind to Sp1. A second ER binding sequence, lying 5' adjacent to the TATA box in the human promoter, was conserved only at the 3' half-site in the murine promoter; the 5' half-site was changed into a potential AP1 binding site. This AP1/ER hybrid sequence was incapable of binding to ER. However, both human and murine promoters were found to function equally well in either human or murine leukocytes.
Dynamic attribute-based privacy-preserving genomic susceptibility testing (2019)

Developments in the field of genomic studies have resulted in the current high availability of genomic data which, in turn, raises significant privacy concerns. As DNA information is unique and correlated among family members, it cannot be regarded just as a matter of individual privacy concern. Due to the need for privacy-enhancing methods to protect these sensitive pieces of information, cryptographic solutions are deployed and enabled scientists to work on encrypted genomic data. In this paper, we develop an attribute-based privacy-preserving susceptibility testing method in which genomic data of patients is outsourced to an untrustworthy platform. We determine the challenges for the computations required to process the outsourced data and access control simultaneously within patient-doctor interactions. We obtain a non-interactive scheme regarding the contribution of the patient which improves the safety of the user data. Moreover, we exceed the computation performance of the susceptibility testing over the encrypted genomic data while we manage attributes and embedded access policies. Also, we guarantee to protect the privacy of individuals in our proposed scheme.
Abiotic Stresses and Agricultural Sustainability (2012)

Abiotic stress is a major factor limiting the yield of crops. Some species are able to acclimate to stresses such as cold, drought, and heat, whereas many cultivated species have a limited capacity to do so. Days to weeks are required to acclimate to a cold and drought stress, whereas plants acclimate within hours to a heat stress. Stress-tolerant plants are able to perceive an oncoming stress and upregulate stress associated genes that produce protective proteins and metabolites. The effect of stress-associated genes, e.g., DNH4, CBF 1, ROB5, and SOD 3, on the stress tolerance of genetically transformed or modified (GM) canola (Brassica) and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plants growing both in the field and in growth chambers after subjected to heat, drought, and frost was studied. The effect of these genes on seed vigor, germination, and seed yield was also determined. This was one of the first studies that showed in the field the benefits of GM crops for enhanced stress tolerance. Genetically transformed canola plants were grown at five sites in Western Canada; two sites were mildly drought stressed, whereas the other three sites were severely stressed, especially in the spring. ROB5 and SOD were the main genes that improved overall plant performance. Compared with the control, seedlings emerged earlier with a higher percentage, grew taller, flowered and matured earlier, had larger seeds and higher seed yield. Under mild-stress conditions, plants containing ROB5 yielded higher than the control plants, indicating no yield drag. Genomic analysis of the stressed plants revealed ROB5 plants were overall stressed less than control plants. In plants subjected to 42°C for two days, ROB5 plants produced more and larger seed compared with the control. Plants transformed with either CBF1 or ROB5 were 4°C more frost tolerant than the controls. Canola seeds transformed with ROB5 and SOD germinated sooner than controls at 4°C. Potato seedlings transformed with the above stress-tolerance genes showed a significant yield advantage both in the field and under drought and heat stress conditions in the field in a five-year study. Under severe drought and heat stress conditions, plants overexpressing ROB5, CBF1, DNH4, and SOD had significantly higher yields than control plants. Potato plants overexpressing ROB5 and CBF1 were 2°C more freeze-tolerant than the controls. We have learned from these studies that a single stress-tolerance gene has multiple effects on plant-stress tolerance, growth and development, and yield in the field. Through a combined effort from a team composed of molecular biologists, plant physiologists, and plant breeders, it will be possible to produce non-GMO plants with superior traits listed above.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR (1998)

The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care: November 1998 - Volume 45 - Issue 5 - p 980
Assessing the Influence of Subsequent Immunotherapy on Overall Survival in Patients with Unresectable Stage III Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer from the PACIFIC Study (2021)

Results were consistent with the intention-to-treat analysis, supporting the conclusion that durvalumab after chemoradiotherapy provides substantial OS benefit in patients with Stage III, unresectable non-small cell lung cancer. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02125461 (Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2021; 82:XXX-XXX).
Overexpression of AtBBD1, Arabidopsis Bifunctional Nuclease, Confers Drought Tolerance by Enhancing the Expression of Regulatory Genes in ABA-Mediated Drought Stress Signaling (2021)

Drought is the most serious abiotic stress, which significantly reduces crop productivity. The phytohormone ABA plays a pivotal role in regulating stomatal closing upon drought stress. Here, we characterized the physiological function of AtBBD1, which has bifunctional nuclease activity, on drought stress. We found that AtBBD1 localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm, and was expressed strongly in trichomes and stomatal guard cells of leaves, based on promoter:GUS constructs. Expression analyses revealed that <i>AtBBD1</i> and <i>AtBBD2</i> are induced early and strongly by ABA and drought, and that <i>AtBBD1</i> is also strongly responsive to JA. We then compared phenotypes of two <i>AtBBD1</i>-overexpression lines (<i>AtBBD1</i>-OX), single knockout <i>atbbd1</i>, and double knockout <i>atbbd1/atbbd2</i> plants under drought conditions. We did not observe any phenotypic difference among them under normal growth conditions, while OX lines had greatly enhanced drought tolerance, lower transpirational water loss, and higher proline content than the WT and KOs. Moreover, by measuring seed germination rate and the stomatal aperture after ABA treatment, we found that <i>AtBBD1</i>-OX and <i>atbbd1</i> plants showed significantly higher and lower ABA-sensitivity, respectively, than the WT. RNA sequencing analysis of <i>AtBBD1</i>-OX and <i>atbbd1</i> plants under PEG-induced drought stress showed that overexpression of <i>AtBBD1</i> enhances the expression of key regulatory genes in the ABA-mediated drought signaling cascade, particularly by inducing genes related to ABA biosynthesis, downstream transcription factors, and other regulatory proteins, conferring <i>AtBBD1</i>-OXs with drought tolerance. Taken together, we suggest that AtBBD1 functions as a novel positive regulator of drought responses by enhancing the expression of ABA- and drought stress-responsive genes as well as by increasing proline content.
Synthesis and in Vitro Degradation of Testosterone‐Lipid Conjugates (1995)

Testosterone-lipid conjugates were obtained by covalent binding of the drug to 1,3-dipalmitoylglycerol via succinic acid to 4-(1,3-dipalmitoyl-2-glyceryl)butyric acid and to 3-palmitoyloxy-2-palmitoyloxmethylpropionic acid. In contrast to the corresponding bis-deacyl derivatives, the lipids were not significantly hydrolyzed in aqueous buffers and in plasma. Incubation with pancreatic lipase yielded primarily the bis-deacyl compounds, which are comparable to monoglycerides, and subsequently slowly liberated testosterone. It is concluded that the lipid conjugates are substrates for pancreatic lipase. However, the drug was released very slowly due to steric hindrance.
A Morphology Filter-Assisted Extreme-Point Symmetric Mode Decomposition (MF-ESMD) Denoising Method for Bridge Dynamic Deflection Based on Ground-Based Microwave Interferometry (2020)

Bridge dynamic deflection is an important indicator of structure safety detection. Ground-based microwave interferometry is widely used in bridge dynamic deflection monitoring because it has the advantages of noncontact measurement and high precision. However, due to the influences of various factors, there are many noises in the obtained dynamic deflection of bridges obtained by ground-based microwave interferometry. To reduce the impacts of noise for bridge dynamic deflection obtained with ground-based microwave interferometry, this paper proposes a morphology filter-assisted extreme-point symmetric mode decomposition (MF-ESMD) for the signal denoising of bridge dynamic deflection obtained by ground-based microwave interferometry. First, the original bridge dynamic deflection obtained with ground-based microwave interferometry was decomposed to obtain a series of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) with the ESMD method. Second, the noise-dominant IMFs were removed according to Spearman’s rho algorithm, and the other decomposed IMFs were reconstructed as a new signal. Finally, the residual noises in the reconstructed signal were further eliminated using the morphological filter method. The results of both the simulated and on-site experiments showed that the proposed MF-ESMD method had a powerful signal denoising ability.
Detoxification of Citrinin and Ochratoxin A by Hydrogen Peroxide (1994)

The effects of hydrogen peroxide on citrinin and ochratoxin A toxicity were examined using HeLa cells. The citrinin was completely detoxified by prior incubation with 0.05% hydrogen peroxide for 30 min at room temperature, and the toxic compound(s) that resulted from heating citrinin at 100 degrees C were also detoxified upon reheating it with hydrogen peroxide. On the other hand, ochratoxin A was not detoxified by hydrogen peroxide at room temperature, but its toxicity was reduced by heating ochratoxin A with hydrogen peroxide under alkaline conditions.