gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impact of PV string shading conditions on panel voltage equalizing converters and optimization of a single converter system with overcurrent protection (2014)

Unequal irradiance of series connected PV panels in a string strongly decreases the output power of the PV system, as either PV panels are bypassed or operated below their MPP. By connecting balancing converters around each pair of adjacent PV panels, all panels can maintain the operation close to their MPP regardless of any mismatched operating condition. In this paper a balancing converter concept with ZVS is introduced and the operation of a string of PV panels equipped with balancing converters is analytically described. Based on this analytic framework, different examples of shading scenarios of a PV string are examined regarding the average inductor current values that occur within the balancing modules, in order to derive the required specifications of a balancing converter. Moreover, a two-level overcurrent protection concept is introduced which enables to keep all balancing converters within the safe operating area at all times, even at shading conditions with high mismatch. Furthermore, the design optimization of a highly efficient PV voltage balancing converter with a wide input voltage range is explained in detail and finally the concept is verified with measurement results of a demonstrator system.
Quantum mechanical simulation of charge transport in very small semiconductor structures (1989)

A quantum-mechanical simulation method of charge transport in very small semiconductor devices is presented that is based on the numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation (coupled self-consistently to the Poisson equation to determine the electrostatic potential in the device). Carrier transport is considered within the effective mass approximation, while the effects of the electron-phonon interaction are included in an approximation that is consistent with the results of the perturbation theory and gives the correct two-point time correlation function. Numerical results for the transient behaviour of a planar ultrasubmicrometer three-dimensional GaAs MESFETs (gate length of 26 nm) are also presented. They indicate that extremely fast gate-step response times (switching times) characterize such short-channel GaAs devices.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Clinical Coagulation Laboratory and Oral Anticoagulant Therapy Treatment. Instrumentation and Methodology (1995)

To assess the organization and the quality of care of an anticoagulation clinic, the structure, the process of laboratory control and the clinical outcome in our Center are described. 1068 patients under control in 1994 (M/F 572/496; median age 63 range 6-91 ys., 74% in long-term prophylaxis) were evaluated. The clinic was run twice weekly by a physician, two nurses and a technician; management for emergencies was always warranted. Prothrombin time was carried out with a sensitive thromboplastin (ISI &lt; 1.1) and a computer program provided calculation and graphical representation of INR, comparison with therapeutic range, automatic dosage prescription and print out. Laboratory quality of therapy was assessed by three different techniques: 'cumulative INR', 'last check in file' and 'linear change', yielding respectively 69% of laboratory controls, 71% of patients and 80% of days within the therapeutic range. The rate of thrombosis, major and total bleeding were respectively 0.2%, 0.2% and 12.5%. An anticoagulation clinic represents an effective organizational model for the management of patients taking oral anticoagulants.
Numerical Simulations of Nine-Building Portions of a Typical City (2006)

This paper summarizes research conducted in the first half of FY 2005 under High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP) Challenge Project C-83 "Evaluation and Retrofit for Blast Protection in Urban Terrain." This is a 6-month extension to the Challenge Project originally scheduled to end at the end of FY 2004. The ERDC is continuing the development of improved models for predicting the blast environment for high-explosive detonations in urban terrain. This is an integrated experimental analytical program, where high performance computing (HPC) simulations are used to assist in designing experiments. The experiments are used to validate the numerical simulations, and the validated numerical simulations are used to help in understanding the phenomenology associated with blast in urban terrain. The experimental and numerical research is used to develop engineering models that can be used to quickly predict effects of adjacent buildings on the blast load on a building of interest. The primary focus of FY 2005 research was the simulation of blast environment for two different sets of nine buildings. Each nine-building configuration includes the two-building configuration simulated and tested previously. This report summarizes the effects of the additional seven buildings on the loads applied to the two buildings originally tested.
Sign Language Recognition using 3D convolutional neural networks (2015)

Sign Language Recognition (SLR) targets on interpreting the sign language into text or speech, so as to facilitate the communication between deaf-mute people and ordinary people. This task has broad social impact, but is still very challenging due to the complexity and large variations in hand actions. Existing methods for SLR use hand-crafted features to describe sign language motion and build classification models based on those features. However, it is difficult to design reliable features to adapt to the large variations of hand gestures. To approach this problem, we propose a novel 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) which extracts discriminative spatial-temporal features from raw video stream automatically without any prior knowledge, avoiding designing features. To boost the performance, multi-channels of video streams, including color information, depth clue, and body joint positions, are used as input to the 3D CNN in order to integrate color, depth and trajectory information. We validate the proposed model on a real dataset collected with Microsoft Kinect and demonstrate its effectiveness over the traditional approaches based on hand-crafted features.
Screening for occult malignancy with FDG‐PET/CT in patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism (2013)

Extensive screening strategies to detect occult cancer in patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE) are complex and no benefit in terms of survival has been reported. FDG-PET/CT (2-[F-18] fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography), a noninvasive technique for the diagnosis and staging of malignancies, could be useful in this setting. Consecutive patients ≥ 50 years with a first unprovoked VTE episode were prospectively included. Screening with FDG-PET/CT was performed 3-4 weeks after the index event. If positive, appropriate diagnostic work-up was programmed. Clinical follow-up continued for 2 years. Blood samples were collected to assess coagulation biomarkers. FDG-PET/CT was negative in 68/99 patients (68.7%), while suspicious FDG uptake was detected in 31/99 patients (31.3%). Additional diagnostic work-up confirmed a malignancy in 7/31 patients (22.6%), with six of them at early stage. During follow-up, two patients with negative FDG-PET/CT were diagnosed with cancer. Sensitivity (S), positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) of FDG-PET/CT as single tool for the detection of occult malignancy were 77.8% (95% CI: 0.51-1), 22.6% (95% CI: 0.08-0.37) and 97.1% (95% CI: 0.93-1), respectively. Median tissue factor (TF) activity in patients with occult cancer was 5.38 pM vs. 2.40 pM in those without cancer (p = 0.03). Limitation of FDG-PET/CT screening to patients with TF activity > 2.8 pM would improve the PPV to 37.5% and reduce the costs of a single cancer diagnosis from 20,711€ to 11,670€. FDG-PET/CT is feasible for the screening of occult cancer in patients with unprovoked VTE, showing high S and NPV. The addition of TF activity determination may be useful for patient selection.
Group optimization for multi-attribute visual embedding (2018)

Understanding semantic similarity among images is the core of a wide range of computer graphics and computer vision applications. However, the visual context of images is often ambiguous as images that can be perceived with emphasis on different attributes. In this paper, we present a method for learning the semantic visual similarity among images, inferring their latent attributes and embedding them into multi-spaces corresponding to each latent attribute. We consider the multi-embedding problem as an optimization function that evaluates the embedded distances with respect to qualitative crowdsourced clusterings. The key idea of our approach is to collect and embed qualitative pairwise tuples that share the same attributes in clusters. To ensure similarity attribute sharing among multiple measures, image classification clusters are presented to, and solved by users. The collected image clusters are then converted into groups of tuples, which are fed into our group optimization algorithm that jointly infers the attribute similarity and multi-attribute embedding. Our multi-attribute embedding allows retrieving similar objects in different attribute spaces. Experimental results show that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art multi-embedding approaches on various datasets, and demonstrate the usage of the multi-attribute embedding in image retrieval application.
A New Fixation Technique For Phalangeal Neck Fracture in Adults (2013)

Several open and closed surgical techniques have been reported in the treatment of displaced phalangeal neck fractures. The most common fixation is provided by a Kirschner wire, which is placed in a retrograde manner through the interphalangeal joint in extension. Although it provides a stable fixation, it may lead to joint stiffness and cartilage damage. The purpose of this report is to describe a new fixation technique for phalangeal neck fractures in 2 cases, which may provide stable fixation and prevent cartilage damage and joint stiffness.
Supplementary Figures 1-5 from Reciprocal Activation of Prostate Cancer Cells and Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Stimulates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Cancer Stemness (2023)

Supplementary Figures 1-5 from Reciprocal Activation of Prostate Cancer Cells and Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Stimulates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Cancer Stemness
Human chorionic gonadotrophin for threatened miscarriage (2010)

The current evidence does not support the routine use of hCG in the treatment of threatened miscarriage.
Reaction of Selenium with Bromine (Se:Br = 1:1) in Acetonitrile in the Presence of Tetramethylammonium Bromide: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of [(CH3)4N]2[Se16Br18], the Salt of a Unique Bromoselenate(I) Anion. (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Interleukin-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with COPD. (2001)

Our results suggest that the concentration of IL-6 released by AM may be related with pulmonary function, and IL-6 may play a role in the development of emphysema in patients with COPD.
Channels: Runtime System Infrastructure for Security-Typed Languages (2007)

Security-typed languages (STLs) are powerful tools for provably implementing policy in applications. The pro- grammer maps policy onto programs by annotating types with information flow labels, and the STL compiler guaran- tees that data always obeys its label as it flows within an application. As data flows into or out of an application, however, a runtime system is needed to mediate between the information flow world within the application and the non-information flow world of the operating system. In the few existing STL applications, this problem has been han- dled in ad hoc ways that hindered software engineering and security analysis. In this paper, we present a principled ap- proach to STL runtime system development along with pol- icy infrastructure and class abstractions for the STL, Jif, that implement these principles. We demonstrate the ef- fectiveness of our approach by using our infrastructure to develop a firewall application, FLOWWALL, that provably enforces its policy.
2-(2-Pyridylimino)-2H-1,2,4-thiadiazolo[2,3-a]pyridine (2000)

The title compound, C11H8N4S, is found to have a symmetrical resonance structure in which both pyridyl-N atoms interact with the S atom forming hemi-bonds. This also results in the formation of a delocalized di­imine region and disturbance of the aromaticity in the pyridyl rings.
The Effect of an Ergonomie Intervention on Musculoskeletal, Psychosocial and Visual Strain of VDT Data Entry Work: The Norwegian Part of the International Study (2005)

A group of routine data entry operators (female) was included in the Polish MEPS (musculoskeletal--eyestrain--psychosocial--stress) study. Before the intervention, ergonomic assessment revealed improper working conditions such as inadequate lighting, uncomfortable chairs, and lack of forearm and wrist support while medical examination revealed that trapezius muscle load along with upper arm, head and back angles were higher than advisable. Subjects complained about neck and shoulder pain, visual problems, and psychosocial conditions. The ergonomic intervention included installation of new luminaires and Venetian blinds, new chairs, repair of ventilators, and optometric corrections. The results after the intervention showed mainly improvement in chair comfort, lighting conditions, visual strain, and sitting posture. However, financial limitations did not allow satisfactory completion of the intervention leading to a mixed interpretation of the results.
Thermodynamic Limits of Electrical Efficiency in Hydrocarbon Fueled SOFC Using Internal Reforming (2005)

This paper examines the behavior of a miniature tubular anode-supported SOFC at the limits of complete fuel utilization. Fuels include H2, CO and a 3:1-H2:CO mixture, selected to represent syngas. Construction of the NiO/8YSZ anode support, 8YSZ electrolyte, cathode and experimental apparatus are described. Current vs. voltage plots for fuel flow rates ranging from 0.6 to 6 seem show the affects of fuel depletion near limiting currents. I–V plots are also used to investigate air leak rates and oxidation of Ni metal in the anode support. Measured electrical efficiencies are found to depend strongly on the operating conditions of the fuel cell and minute air leaks into anode channel. These leaks are quantified from open circuit voltages. Fuel composition, fuel flow, and operating voltage are found to influence the overall electrical efficiency. Because of air diffusing into the anode channel and the water gas shift reaction (CO + H2O ↔ CO2 + H2), syngas yields higher efficiencies than pure H2. Experimental results are compared with results of a thermodynamic model, which predicts the maximum theoretical electrical efficiency as a function of operating voltage.
A Kinetic Approach to Food Quality Prediction Using Full‐History Time‐Temperature Indicators (1988)

ABSTRACT A mathematical model based on the theory of chemical kinetics was derived to predict food quality change from the response of a full‐history time‐temperature indicator. A first‐order kinetic reaction (n = 1) was used to describe both indicator response and changes in food quality. A storage investigation of mature green tomatoes showed that the quality prediction model satisfactorily predicted changes in tomato firmness induced by variable temperature storage. Tomato firmness as predicted from the response of a LifeLines model 57 time‐temperature indicator was not significantly different from the observed changes (F = 1.99, p = 0.18) for 28 days of storage. The mathematical derivation was extended to develop a quality‐based interpretation of the shelf life of perishable foods.
Thermal polymerizations of alkali and alkaline earth 4-vinylbenzoates in bulk (1998)

Thermal polymerizations of alkali and alkaline earth 4-vinylbenzoates (4-VBAs) in bulk were investigated. The relative reactivity of the alkali salts decreases in the following order: K > Na > Li, which is in reverse order to that of alkali methacrylates. In the polymerization of K-4-VBA at 240°C, the number-average molecular weight decreases with increasing reaction time, although the yield of polymer increases. The polymerization of the K salt proceeds as long as the crystallinity of the monomeric salt is maintained, and is terminated when there is no crystalline compound in the reaction mixture left. The relative reactivity of the alkaline earth salts decreases in the following order: Mg > Ca > Sr ≫ Ba. The polymerization of Mg-4-VBA proceeds rapidly at 240°C in the initial stage (30 min) and then levels off, however, the appearance of the reaction mixture still remains crystalline.
Automata for interaction protocols in multiagent systems (2002)

Interaction among agents in multiagent systems may be tackled in various ways. The most common one though relies on the notion of a protocol the agents follow in order to structure the messages they exchange. In the literature however, one notices that the interpretation and representation of interaction protocols vary. We set a formal framework based on the theory of computing languages. After a quick introduction to some basic definitions of this theory applied to the domain of interaction protocols we develop the concepts of deterministic and nondeterministic protocols. We show that these two protocol classes are identical. Actually, although this property of nondeterminism introduces some true flexibility for protocol design it does not allow for an extension of this class. Then we focus on the definition of syntactically correct protocols and present grammars for generating authorized message sequences. We also show that the class of interaction protocols used in multiagent systems is the class of regular protocols. Finally we conclude with some limits and weaknesses of this class.
Metabolic engineering of Bacillus subtilis for high‐titer production of menaquinone‐7 (2019)

Abstract Menaquinone‐7 (MK‐7) is a member of vitamin K 2 used for prevention from osteoporosis and cardiovascular calcification. This study constructed Bacillus subtilis strains for high‐titer production of MK‐7 through metabolic engineering approaches. In B. subtilis , MK‐7 biosynthesis was categorized into five modules: glycerol dissociation pathway, shikimate pathway, pyrimidine metabolic pathway, methylerythritol phosphate pathway, and MK‐7 pathway. Overexpression of GlpK and GlpD (glycerol dissociation pathway) led to a ~10% increase in the MK‐7 titer. Deletion of the genes mgsA and araM increased the MK‐7 production by 15%. Furthermore, overexpression of AroG D146N (shikimate pathway), PyrG E156K (pyrimidine metabolic pathway), HepS (methylerythritol phosphate pathway), and VHb could also increase the MK‐7 titer. Finally, we obtained a recombinant strain BSMK_11 with simultaneous overexpressing the genes glpK , glpD , aroG fbr , pyrG fbr , hepS , vgb , and knockouting the genes mgsA and araM , and the MK‐7 titer reached 281.4 ± 5.0 mg/L (i.e., 12.0 mg/g DCW) in a 5 L fermenter.
Little or No Residual Prostate Cancer at Radical Prostatectomy: Vanishing Cancer or Switched Specimen? (2005)

With more vigilant screening for prostate cancer, there has been an associated increase in patients with little or no residual cancer at radical prostatectomy after an initial diagnosis of minute cancer on needle biopsy. This raises a critical question as to whether the biopsy and subsequent radical prostatectomy in these patients are from the same patient. We used PCR-based microsatellite marker analysis to perform identity test in 46 men (35 with minute cancer and 11 with no residual cancer). Of them, 41 were interpretable, including 31 with minute cancer and 10 with no residual cancer. All 31 interpretable cases with minute cancer showed match between the initial biopsy and radical prostatectomy specimens. Nine of the 10 interpretable cases with no residual cancer showed match and 1 showed mismatch. The remaining 5 cases (4 with minute cancer and 1 with no residual cancer) were considered uninterpretable due to technical problems. The initial biopsy of the mismatched case had high-grade cancer (Gleason score 4 + 4 = 8) measuring 9.6 mm in length with perineural invasion. Our results confirm that, in most cases of "vanishing cancer" in radical prostatectomy specimens, it reflects a chance sampling of a minute cancer and not a switch in specimens. However, specimen switch can rarely occur, and if there is high grade or a lot of cancer on the biopsy with no or very minimal cancer in the radical prostatectomy specimen, one should evaluate for patient identity.
First-principles investigations of multimetallic transition metal clusters (2008)

This brief overview summarizes the state-of-the-art of simulations of transition metal nanoclusters based on density functional theory calculations. Besides the monometallic clusters like iron, we focus on alloy nanoclusters like Fe-Pt, Co-Pt and (Ni, Co)-Mn-Ga which are of current interest for recording media and actuators involving the magnetic shape memory effect, respectively. Although catalysis is not the subject of the present paper, trimetallic nanoclusters are of special interest because the third element can be used to achieve higher catalytic and selective properties compared to the corresponding monometallic and bimetallic clusters. For clusters of Fe-Pt and Co-Pt below a critical size, the L12 structure with its technologically relevant high magnetocrystalline anisotropy, is difficult to stabilize. For trimetallic systems like Ni-Mn-Ga, the rather versatile properties of the bulk material can be used to achieve shape changes or magnetocaloric effects (depending on the composition) also in nanoclusters. More importantly, it might be cheaper to manufacture the nanocrystalline materials from the trimetallic nanoclusters than to fabricate corresponding single-crystal bulk systems.
Prevalence, impact, and management strategies for asymptomatic bacteriuria in the acute care elderly patient: a review of the current literature (2020)

<b>Introduction</b>: It is unclear how to prevent the negative impact of inappropriate urine cultures in older acute care patients who have a high rate of asymptomatic bacteriuria.<b>Areas covered</b>: A nonsystematic literature review of the definition, impact, and management of elderly acute care patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB).<b>Expert opinion</b>: In the elderly, patients with ASB include those with extra-urinary tract diseases (e.g. pneumonia) and those with symptoms/signs that resolve without antibiotic therapy, but the diagnosis of ASB is unclear in febrile patients responding to antibiotics. We consider four management strategies that could decrease the negative impact of culturing the urine including unnecessary antibiotic therapy in those with ASB: (1) Prevent urine testing in patients with extra-urinary tract reasons for their acute care (2) Cancel urine cultures if the urine dipstick is negative. (3) Avoid catheterization in stable patients who cannot provide a urine specimen on demand and (4) Withhold antibiotics in stable non-febrile elderly patients who do not have new local urinary tract symptoms or decompensation on follow-up, and pursue further investigations for another etiology/diagnosis.
Rotary absorption heat pump sensitivity analysis final report (1989)

Conserve Resources, Incorporated is currently developing an innovative, patented absorption heat pump. The heat pump uses rotation and thin film technology to enhance the absorption process and to provide a more efficient, compact system. The purpose of this report is to present the results of a sensitivity analysis of the rotary absorption heat pump (RAHP) performance conducted to further the development of a 1-ton RAHP. 5 refs.