gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Constructing, connecting and soldering nanostructures by environmental electron beam deposition (2004)

Highly conductive nanoscale deposits with solid gold cores can be made by electron beam deposition in an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM), suggesting the method to be used for constructing, connecting and soldering nanostructures. This paper presents a feasibility study for such applications. We identify several issues related to contamination and unwanted deposition, relevant for deposition in both vacuum (EBD) and environmental conditions (EEBD). We study relations between scan rate, deposition rate, angle and line width for three-dimensional structures. Furthermore, we measure the conductivity of deposits containing gold cores, and find these structures to be highly conductive, approaching the conductivity of solid gold and capable of carrying high current densities. Finally, we study the use of the technique for soldering nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes. Based on the presented results we are able to estimate limits for the applicability of the method for the various applications, but also demonstrate that it is a versatile and powerful tool for nanotechnology within these limits.
Effect of 10 Days of Bed Rest on Skeletal Muscle in Healthy Older Adults (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Intercomparison between optical and x-ray scatterometry measurements of FinFET structures (2013)

In this paper, we present a comparison of profile measurements of vertical field effect transistor (FinFET) fin arrays by optical critical dimension (OCD) metrology and critical dimension small angle X-ray scattering (CD-SAXS) metrology. Spectroscopic Muller matrix elements measurements were performed at various azimuthal angles for OCD, and X-ray diffraction intensities were collected for different incident angles in CD-SAXS measurements. A common trapezoidal model was used to compute the OCD and CD-SAXS signatures, using rigorous coupled wave (RCW) analysis and a 2D Fourier transform, respectively. Profile parameters, some material parameters, and instruments parameters were adjusted by a non-linear fitting procedure of the data. Results from both measurement techniques were compared and found in reasonable agreement with one another, although some of the parameters have differences that exceed the estimated uncertainties.
Group emotion recognition strategies for entertainment robots (2018)

In this paper, a system to determine the emotion of a group of people via facial expression analysis is proposed for the Waseda Entertainment Robots. General models and standard methods for emotion definition and recognition are briefly described, as well as strategies for computing the group global emotion, knowing the individual emotions of group members. This work is based on Ekman's extended “Big Six” emotional model, popular in Computer Science and Affective Computing. Emotion recognition via facial expression analysis is performed with a cloud-computing based solution, using Microsoft Azure Cognitive services. First, the performances of both the Face API to detect faces, and Emotion API, to compute emotion via face expression analysis, are tested. After that, a solution to compute the emotion of a group of people has been implemented and its performances compared to human perceptions. This work presents concepts and strategies which can be generalized for applications within the scope of assistive robotics and, more broadly, affective computing, wherever it will be necessary to determine the emotion of a group of people.
Cloud manufacturing: a computing and service-oriented manufacturing model (2011)

Combining the emerged advanced technologies (such as cloud computing, ‘internet of thing’, virtualization, and service-oriented technologies, advanced computing technologies) with existing advanced manufacturing models and enterprise ‘informationization’ technologies, a new computing- and service-oriented manufacturing model, called cloud manufacturing (CMfg), is proposed. The concept, architecture, core enabling technologies, and typical characteristics of CMfg are discussed and investigated, as well as the differences and relationship between cloud computing and CMfg. Four typical CMfg service platforms, i.e. public, private, community, and hybrid CMfg service platforms, are introduced. The key advantages and challenges for implementing CMfg are analysed, as well as the key technologies and main research findings.
Poverty in Scotland (2015)

This chapter gives an overview of current developments and approaches to tackling poverty and social inequalities in Scotland and examines how the problem of poverty has been reflected in current welfare debates, which were central to the Independence Referendum which took place in 2014. Scotland is a small country, with a population of just over 5 million people at the last Census in 2011. The last fifteen years have seen a profound transformation in Scotland’s political landscape. Since the devolved Parliament established in 1999, the issue of a ‘fairer Scotland’ which could break away from the Westminster-based Parliament and manage its own resources has remained a constant aspect of political and public debate. Poverty rates in Scotland remain higher than in other European countries, with about 20 percent of its population living in poverty, despite Scotland being among the richest OECD countries. When compared with other small European countries like Denmark, Norway, and Netherlands, where only about 10 percent of people live in poverty, poverty levels in Scotland have often been described as ‘shocking’ and ‘unacceptable’.
L’apoptose induite par les médicaments antileucémiques : le parcours d’obstacles (1999)

La mort cellulaire induite par les medicaments antileucemiques est le plus souvent une mort apoptotique. Au niveau moleculaire, elle met en jeu la liberation, par la mitochondrie, du cytochrome c qui, en s’associant a la molecule APAF-1 en presence d’ATP, active la procaspase-9. Celle-ci active les caspases effectrices, en particulier la caspase-3. Les agents cytotoxiques peuvent aussi augmenter, par un mecanisme transcriptionnel impliquant la p53, l’expression du ligand de CD95 (Fas/Apo-1) a la surface des cellules tumorales. L’interaction autocrine ou paracrine de ce ligand avec son recepteur a la surface des cellules tumorales participerait a la mort chimio-induite. Enfin, les agents cytotoxiques sensibilisent les cellules tumorales aux agonistes de CD95 et, probablement, a d’autres ligands des recepteurs membranaires a domaine de mort comme TRAIL. Cette sensibilisation, qui implique l’accumulation des recepteurs, de la molecule adaptatrice FADD et des procaspases, pourrait permettre d’optimiser la chimiotherapie a faibles doses ou sequentielle. La mise en jeu de la machinerie apoptotique en reponse aux lesions specifiques induites par les agents cytotoxiques peut etre freinee par de multiples obstacles, notamment des proteines oncogeniques comme Bcl-2 ou Bcr-abl, des proteines regulatrices du cycle cellulaire comme p27Kip1 et des proteines kinases comme la proteine kinase C et la phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase. L’utilisation d’oligonucleotides antisens ou d’inhibiteurs chimiques de ces molecules potentialise l’apoptose induite par les agents cytotoxiques. Les progres spectaculaires realises dans la comprehension des mecanismes de la mort cellulaire ouvrent ainsi des perspectives pour une utilisation plus efficace et moins toxique de la chimiotherapie.
Diagnostic of a Faulty Induction Motor Drive via Wavelet Decomposition (2007)

An approach to the analysis of ac side current is presented for the purpose of identification of faults in the stator phase resistance of an ac induction motor drive. The method relies on the correlation between wavelet decomposition coefficients of the current in healthy and faulty conditions. The findings highlight that the fault causes waveform variations that are localized at specific decomposition levels. The presented approach may open the way to efficient training for fault recognition systems.
Rational transfer function models for nitrifying trickling filters (1999)

An important step towards optimization and control of wastewater treatment plants is the development of dynamic models and efficient methods of simulation. Using standard simplifying assumptions, non-rational transfer function models describing the fast dynamics of nitrifying trickling filters, are derived. With a method based on the location of their singularities, it is shown how low order rational transfer functions can approximate the non-rational ones. These transfer functions can be used in efficient simulation routines and in standard methods of controller design. Effluent concentrations from trace substance pulse response experiments and an experiment with varying flow and varying influent ammonium concentration carried out on a large pilot plant NTF show close agreement with simulated effluent concentrations using the rational transfer functions.
Superradiant multiple-pulse emission from a dipole-ordered, state prepared by localized photons (2004)

Multiple pulse generation from a dipole-ordered state is predicted, which can be achieved by local state manipulation of an N two-level system interacting with localized photons. The origins of the phenomenon are discussed by comparison with Dicke's superradiance.
Mechanisms Driving the Emergence of Neuronal Hyperexcitability in Fragile X Syndrome (2022)

Hyperexcitability is a shared neurophysiological phenotype across various genetic neurodevelopmental disorders, including Fragile X syndrome (FXS). Several patient symptoms are associated with hyperexcitability, but a puzzling feature is that their onset is often delayed until their second and third year of life. It remains unclear how and why hyperexcitability emerges in neurodevelopmental disorders. FXS is caused by the loss of FMRP, an RNA-binding protein which has many critical roles including protein synthesis-dependent and independent regulation of ion channels and receptors, as well as global regulation of protein synthesis. Here, we discussed recent literature uncovering novel mechanisms that may drive the progressive onset of hyperexcitability in the FXS brain. We discussed in detail how recent publications have highlighted defects in homeostatic plasticity, providing new insight on the FXS brain and suggest pharmacotherapeutic strategies in FXS and other neurodevelopmental disorders.
High Specificity of Hepatitis C Second-Generation Enzyme Immunoassay in HIV-Infected Patients (1995)

Flomenberg, Phyllis; Balliet, Kelly; Bernstein, Barry; Gutierrez, Enrique; Carrigan, Donald Author Information
Experimental common cold increases mucosal output of eotaxin in atopic individuals (1999)

Common cold symptoms after nasal HRV 16 inoculation are associated with increased nasal mucosal output of eotaxin, suggesting that this chemokine is partly responsible for recruitment/activation of airway mucosal eosinophils in common cold infections.
Clinical results of stereotactic body frame based fractionated radiation therapy for primary or metastatic thoracic tumors (2006)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of stereotactic body radiation therapy for treating primary or metastatic thoracic tumors using a stereotactic body frame. Between January 1998 and February 2004, 101 lesions from 91 patients with thoracic tumors were prospectively reviewed. A dose of 10-12 Gy per fraction was given three to four times over consecutive days to a total dose of 30-48 Gy (median 40 Gy). The overall response rate was 82%, with 20 (22%) complete responses and 55 (60%) partial responses. The one- and two-year local progression free survival rates were 90% and 81%, respectively. The patients who received 48 Gy showed a better local tumor control than those who received less than 48 Gy (Fisher exact test; p = 0.004). No pulmonary complications greater than a RTOG toxicity criteria grade 2 were observed. The experience of stereotactic body frame based radiation therapy appears to be a safe and promising treatment modality for the local management of primary or metastatic lung tumors. The optimal total dose, fractionation schedule and treatment volume need to be determined after a further follow-up of these results.
Approaches to Detecting False Positives in Yeast Two-Hybrid Systems (2000)

While many novel associations predicted by two-hybrid library screens reflect actual biological associations of two proteins in vivo, at times the functional co-relevance of two proteins scored as interacting in the two-hybrid system is unlikely. The reason for this positive score remains obscure, which leads to designating such clones as false positives. After investigating the effect of over-expressing a series of putative false positives in yeast, we determined that expression of some of these clones induces an array of biological effects in yeast, including altered growth rate and cell permeability, that bias perceived activity of LacZ reporters. Based on these observations, we identify four simple strategies that can assist in determining whether a protein is likely to have been selected in a two-hybrid screen because of indirect metabolic effects.
Dynamic factors in state-space models for hourly electricity load signal decomposition and forecasting (2009)

A multivariate, periodic and time-varying regression model for high frequency data is proposed. The dependent univariate time series is transformed into a lower frequency multivariate time series which is analysed by a periodic regression model. In the case of hourly time series, a daily 24 times 1 vector time series is constructed and a model equation for each hour is specified. The regression coefficients are allowed to differ across equations and to vary stochastically over time. Since the unrestricted model may contain too many parameters, the state space methodology is adopted and common factors in the time-varying regression coefficients are used. Signal extraction and forecasting results are presented for French national hourly electricity loads with weather and calendar variables as regressors.
Contribution à la caractérisation multi-échelle de l'anisotropie des images texturées (1997)

Ce travail est consacré à la caractérisation de l'anisotropie des images. Pour y parvenir, il est établi que, dans le cas de textures complexes, la mesure de l'orientation dominante comme celle de l'anisotropie dépendent fortement de l'échelle à laquelle la texture a été observée. Le premier chapitre définit la notion de texture et celle d'échelle d'observation. Les différentes approches de caractérisation texturale existantes sont présentées et leur aptitude à rendre compte des phénomènes directionnels à différentes échelles d'observation est évaluée. Le second chapitre présente les méthodes les plus courantes pour l'estimation de l'orientation dominante d'une texture. Un indicateur local est ensuite proposé : le Vecteur Directionnel Moyen. Il s'appuie sur des caractéristiques locales et peut être calculé à toute échelle d'observation. Ses performances sont étudiées sur des images de synthèse et sur des textures naturelles. Le troisième chapitre introduit un nouvel indicateur d'anisotropie nommé Iso. Il est basé sur le calcul des différences locales des Vecteurs Directionnels Moyens obtenus à une échelle donnée. Ses performances sont comparées à celles des estimateurs classiques de dispersion directionnelle. Le dernier chapitre est consacré à l'évaluation de l'anisotropie de textures complexes (microscopiques et macroscopiques) en fonction de l'échelle d'observation. Un modèle de texture complexe est construit et le comportement de l'indicateur Iso sur ce modèle est établi. L'indicateur est ensuite appliqué à la caractérisation de textures naturelles et de synthèse. Il est ensuite montré que l'évolution de cet indicateur en fonction de l'échelle d'observation fournit une courbe qui caractérise à la fois l'anisotropie de la texture traitée ainsi que la taille des différentes primitives texturales microscopiques et macroscopiques formant cette texture. L'indicateur Iso , calculé à différentes échelles, est appliqué à des textures synthétiques, à des textures de l'album de Brodatz ainsi qu'à des images de matériaux composites observés par microscopie électronique à transmission.
FUSCA3 activates triacylglycerol accumulation in Arabidopsis seedlings and tobacco BY2 cells (2016)

Triacylglycerol (TAG) is the main storage lipid in plant seeds and the major form of plant oil used for food and, increasingly, for industrial and biofuel applications. Several transcription factors, including FUSCA3 (At3 g26790, FUS3), are associated with embryo maturation and oil biosynthesis in seeds. However, the ability of FUS3 to increase TAG biosynthesis in other tissues has not been quantitatively examined. Here, we evaluated the ability of FUS3 to activate TAG accumulation in non-seed tissues. Overexpression of FUS3 driven by an estradiol-inducible promoter increased oil contents in Arabidopsis seedlings up to 6% of dry weight; more than 50-fold over controls. Eicosenoic acid, a characteristic fatty acid of Arabidopsis seed oil, accumulated to over 20% of fatty acids in cotyledons and leaves. These large increases depended on added sucrose, although without sucrose TAG increased three- to four-fold. Inducing the expression of FUS3 in tobacco BY2 cells also increased TAG accumulation, and co-expression of FUS3 and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) further increased TAG levels to 4% of dry weight. BY2 cell growth was not altered by FUS3 expression, although Arabidopsis seedling development was impaired, consistent with the ability of FUS3 to induce embryo characteristics in non-seed tissues. Microarrays of Arabidopsis seedlings revealed that FUS3 overexpression increased the expression of a higher proportion of genes involved in TAG biosynthesis than genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis or other lipid pathways. Together these results provide additional insights into FUS3 functions in TAG metabolism and suggest complementary strategies for engineering vegetative oil accumulation.
Intramolecular crosslinking of tropomyosin via disulfide bond formation: evidence for chain register. (1975)

Rabbit skeletal muscle tropomyosin can be crosslinked in the native state by the use of 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoate), which forms disulfide bonds between the two subunits. Using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate we have shown that this crosslinking goes to completion over a wide range of protein concentration, ionic strength, and reagent concentration. Crosslinks are not formed in denaturing solvents such as sodium dodecyl sulfate and guanidine hydrochloride despite the fact that the same number of SH groups react as in the native state (2.3 +/- 0.2). The sedimentation coefficients of crosslinked and non-crosslinked samples are identical. Thus, crosslinks are formed between corresponding cysteines on different chains of the same molecule. This provides strong evidence for a model of chain interaction with both chains in register. Evidence has also been obtained that rabbit skeletal tropomyosin is composed only of alphaalpha and alphabeta subunits rather than a random mixture of chains.
Learning View-Disentangled Human Pose Representation by Contrastive Cross-View Mutual Information Maximization (2021)

We introduce a novel representation learning method to disentangle pose-dependent as well as view-dependent factors from 2D human poses. The method trains a network using cross-view mutual information maximization (CV-MIM) which maximizes mutual information of the same pose performed from different viewpoints in a contrastive learning manner. We further propose two regularization terms to ensure disentanglement and smoothness of the learned representations. The resulting pose representations can be used for cross-view action recognition.To evaluate the power of the learned representations, in addition to the conventional fully-supervised action recognition settings, we introduce a novel task called single-shot cross-view action recognition. This task trains models with actions from only one single viewpoint while models are evaluated on poses captured from all possible viewpoints. We evaluate the learned representations on standard benchmarks for action recognition, and show that (i) CV-MIM performs competitively compared with the state-of-the-art models in the fully-supervised scenarios; (ii) CV-MIM outperforms other competing methods by a large margin in the single-shot cross-view setting; (iii) and the learned representations can significantly boost the performance when reducing the amount of supervised training data. Our code is made publicly available at https://github.com/google-research/google-research/tree/master/poem.
Invited Talk Static and dynamic analysis (2004)

This talk presents two sets of observations relating static and dynamic analysis. The first concerns synergies between static and dynamic analysis. Wherever one is utilized, the other may also be applied, often in a complementary way, and existing analyses should inspire different approaches to the same problem. Furthermore, existing static and dynamic analyses often have very similar structure and technical approaches. The second observation is that some static and dynamic approaches are similar in that each focuses on, and generalizes from, a subset of all possible executions.The talk concludes with a challenge to researchers to develop new analyses that complement existing ones. More importantly, researchers need to erase the boundaries between static and dynamic analysis and create unified analyses that can operate in either mode, or in a mode that blends the strengths of both approaches.