gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of everolimus, a novel mTOR inhibitor, against basal‐like triple‐negative breast cancer cells (2012)

Patients with triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) typically have a poor prognosis because such cancers have no effective therapeutic targets, such as estrogen receptors for endocrine therapy or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) receptors for anti-HER2 therapy. As the phosphatidylinositol 3' kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) cascade is activated in TNBCs, mTOR is a potential molecular target for anticancer therapy. In this study, we investigated the antitumor activities of everolimus, an oral mTOR inhibitor, in nine TNBC cell lines. Everolimus effectively inhibited cell growth at concentrations under 100 nM (IC(50)) in five cell lines and even in the 1-nM range in three of the five cell lines. To identify specific characteristics that could be used as predictive markers of efficacy, we evaluated the expressions of proteins in the mTOR cascade, basal markers, and cancer stem cell markers using western blotting, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), or immunohistochemistry. All five of the sensitive cell lines were categorized as a basal-like subtype positive for either epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or CK5/6, although resistant cell lines were not of this subtype and tended to exhibit the characteristics of cancer stem cells, with decreased E-cadherin and the increased expression of Snail or Twist. In vivo assays demonstrated antitumor activity in a mouse xenograft model of basal-like breast cancer, rather than non-basal breast cancer. These results suggest that everolimus has favorable activity against basal-like subtypes of TNBCs. Epidermal growth factor receptor and CK5/6 are positive predictive markers of the TNBC response to everolimus, while cancer stem cell markers are negative predictive markers.
A role of Hsp60 in autoimmune diabetes: analysis in a transgenic model. (1996)

A pathogenic role for self-reactive cells against the stress protein Hsp60 has been proposed as one of the events leading to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells in the diabetes of nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. To examine this hypothesis, we generated transgenic NOD mice carrying a murine Hsp60 transgene driven by the H-2E alpha class II promoter. This would be expected to direct expression of the transgene to antigen-presenting cells including those in the thymus and so induce immunological tolerance by deletion. Detailed analysis of Hsp60 expression revealed that the endogenous gene is itself expressed strongly in thymic medullary epithelium (and weakly in cortex) yet fails to induce tolerance. Transgenic mice with retargeted Hsp60 showed overexpression of the gene in thymic cortical epithelium and in bone marrow-derived cells. Analysis of spontaneous T-cell responses to a panel of self and heterologous Hsp60 antigens showed that tolerance to the protein had not been induced, although responses to an immunodominant 437-460 epitope implicated in disease were suppressed, probably indicating an epitope shift. This correlated with changes in disease susceptibility: insulitis in transgenic mice was substantially reduced so that pathology rarely progressed beyond periislet infiltration. This was reflected in a substantial reduction in hyperglycemia and disease. These data indicate that T cells specific for some epitopes of murine Hsp60 are likely to be involved in the islet-cell destruction that occurs in NOD mice.
Changes in morphology of multiwavelength photoplethysmography across and down major arteries in the forearm (2023)

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive optical measurement that detects blood volume changes within the tissue from the skin's surface and is traditionally integrated into wearable technology to measure heart rate from the dorsal side of the wrist. The dorsal side of the wrist contains no major arteries, whereas the palmar side has two; the radial and ulnar arteries. To better understand the morphology of a PPG signal acquired along a major artery, this study investigated the change in PPG signals acquired from the distal to proximal locations of these two major arteries within the forearm. A multiwavelength (670nm, 770nm, 810nm, 850nm, 950nm) reflectance-based system was used to analyze the change in PPG morphology with the change in measurement location. Specifically, the sensor was placed into several zones down both arteries in the forearm to evaluate PPG waveform features. As the sensor traversed the arteries, changes in the morphology in each forearm zone were observed. Additionally, by using multiple wavelengths distinct waveforms were acquired from each penetration depth, as both arteries descend deeper away from the surface as you travel distal to proximal.
A numerical approach for testing and evaluation of mild steel material by thermal wave imaging (2015)

Among the widely used active infrared non-destructive testing and evaluation methods, coded thermal wave imaging modalities have proved to be an efficient testing and evaluation methods for characterization of various solid materials. These techniques makes use of relatively low peak power heat sources in a moderate time compared with the conventional pulsed based and sinusoidal modulated thermographic approaches respectively. This present work introduces a 11-bit Barker coded thermal wave imaging approach for characterization of mild steel sample having flat bottom holes as defects. Capabilities of the proposed approach has been studied on a mild steel sample containing flat bottom holes as sub-surface defects located at different depths and it has been modeled using a finite element method. Results show the defect detection capabilities of the proposed 11-bit Barker coded excitation scheme as a promising testing and evaluation method to detect the subsurface defects.
Permanent middle ear aeration. (1994)

A new method using a flanged silicone-rubber (Silastic) tube inserted through a hole in the bony external canal, has been developed in an effort to create a permanent air-containing middle ear space. This method may be indicated when there is persistent and refractory malfunction or nonfunction of the eustachian tube in the following conditions: (1) chronic secretory otitis media; (2) chronic adhesive otitis media; (3) atrophic tympanic membranes that will not hold an indwelling pressure-equalizing tube; and (4) during or following tympanoplasty procedures for chronic suppurative otitis media.
Hiding Information in Noise: Fundamental Limits of Covert Wireless Communication (2015)

Widely-deployed encryption-based security prevents unauthorized decoding, but does not ensure undetectability of communication. However, covert, or low probability of detection/intercept (LPD/LPI) communication is crucial in many scenarios ranging from covert military operations and the organization of social unrest, to privacy protection for users of wireless networks. In addition, encrypted data or even just the transmission of a signal can arouse suspicion, and even the most theoretically robust encryption can often be defeated by a determined adversary using non-computational methods such as side-channel analysis. Various covert communication techniques were developed to address these concerns, including steganography for finite-alphabet noiseless applications and spread-spectrum systems for wireless communications. After reviewing these covert communication systems, this article discusses new results on the fundamental limits of their capabilities, as well as provides a vision for the future of such systems.
The Heparin/Heparan Sulfate Sequence That Interacts with Cyclophilin B Contains a 3-O-Sulfated N-Unsubstituted (2007)

Many of the biological functions of heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans can be attributed to specialized structures within HS moieties, which are thought to modulate binding and function of various effector proteins. Cyclophilin B (CyPB), which was initially identified as a cyclosporin A-binding protein, triggers migration and integrin-mediated adhesion of peripheral blood T lymphocytes by a mechanism dependent on interaction with cell surface HS. Here we determined the structural features of HS that are responsible for the specific binding of CyPB. In addition to the involvement of 2-O ,6 - O, and N-sulfate groups, we also demonstrated that binding of CyPB was dependent on the presence of N-unsubstituted glucosamine residues (GlcNH2), which have been reported to be precursors for sulfation by 3-Osulfotransferases-3 (3-OST-3). Interestingly, 3-OST-3B isoform was found to be the main 3-OST isoenzyme expressed in peripheral blood T lymphocytes and Jurkat T cells. Moreover, downregulation of the expression of 3-OST-3 by RNA interference potently reduced CyPB binding and consequent activation of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinases. Altogether, our results strongly support the hypothesis that 3-O-sulfation of GlcNH2 residues could be a key modification that provides specialized HS structures for CyPB binding to responsive cells. Given that 3-O-sulfation of GlcNH2-containing HS by 3-OST-3 also provides binding sites for glycoprotein gD of herpes simplex virus type I, these findings suggest an intriguing structural linkage between the HS sequences involved in CyPB binding and viral infection.
Active Surveillance for Small Renal Masses. (2012)

Active surveillance (AS) is a safe and reasonable management strategy for many patients with small renal masses (SRM) suspicious for a clinical T1a renal cell carcinoma based on excellent metastasis-free and cancer-specific survival. However, the expansion of robotic extirpation of SRM has outpaced the adoption of AS, resulting in the possibility of overtreatment for select patients with SRM, especially the elderly and comorbid. In this review of AS for SRM, with a focus on the Delayed Intervention and Surveillance for Small Renal Masses (DISSRM) Registry, we detail the rationale behind AS, review lessons learned from the past decades of literature, and offer suggestions for appropriate patient selection and follow-up. An improved understanding of the data supporting AS will empower physicians and patients to more comfortably pursue AS to avoid over-treatment and provide individualized care to patients with SRM.
Selective Electrochemical Etching of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2009)

Abstract Single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are a promising material for future nanotechnology. However, their applications are still limited in success because of the co‐existence of metallic SWNTs and semiconducting SWNTs produced samples. Here, electrochemical etching, which shows both diameter and electrical selectivity, is demonstrated to remove SWNTs. With the aid of a back‐gate electric field, selective removal of metallic SWNTs is realized, resulting in high‐performance SWNT field‐effect transistors with pure semiconducting SWNT channels. Moreover, electrochemical etching is realized on a selective area. These findings would be valuable for research and the application of SWNTs in electrochemistry and in electronic devices.
New Measurement Methods of Focal Spot Size and Shape of X-ray Tubes in Digital Radiological Applications in Comparison to Current Standards (2012)

Unsharpness in the image may reduce the visibility of details. Magnification is often required to achieve a spatial resolution similar to film technique, when using digital systems. A part of the unsharpness results from the focal spot size. To determine the effective focal spot size, thousands of images with different tubes, energies, magnifications and IQIs from different EN and ASTM standards were taken to evaluate the influence of the unsharpness in the digital image due to the focal spot. This leads to reference values for the effective focal spot size of the different tubes. These reference values were compared with the values of the pin hole camera images according to EN 12543-2 and they deviated significantly. Several modifications of the evaluation method were proposed and a method with Integrated Line Profiles which produces results like an edge profile method was developed and tested providing similar results as the reference values. A second more simple method for end-users was introduced based on the evaluation of Penetrameter hole edges. A proposed update of the standards for focal spot measurements in ASTM and ISO is introduced. New classes will help the users to identify more simple and reliable the X-ray tube for their application.
Program and Abstracts, Boron Americas IX Final Report (2006)

The Scientific and Technical Information (STI) submitted includes the final report and a collection of abstracts for the Ninth Boron in the Americas Conference which was held May 19-22, 2004, in San Marcos, Texas. The topics covered in the abstracts include: Application in Medicine, Application in Organic Synthesis and Catalysis, Boranes and Carboranes, Materials and Polymers, Metallaboranes and Metallacarboranes, Organoboron Compounds, Synthesis and Catalysis, and Theoretical Studies. Attendees represented researchers from government, industry, and academia.
Group-delay tracking and visibility fluctuations in long-baseline stellar interferometry (1999)

We investigate the limitations of group-delay fringe tracking for stellar interferometry in the presence of realistic uctuations of the fringe visibility amplitude. These uctuations can be considered as introducing an additional source of noise beyond those attributable to counting statistics and detector readout, and lead to a signicant increase in the probability of tracking failure compared with previous studies. We show that even for relatively bright targets, the probability of tracking loss can remain very high (> 0:5) unless the seeing conditions are favourable.
Probiotic alternatives to reduce gastrointestinal infections: the poultry experience (2005)

The intestinal mucosa represents the most active defense barrier against the continuous challenge of food antigens and pathogenic microorganisms present in the intestinal lumen. Protection against harmful agents is conferred by factors such as gastric acid, peristalsis, mucus, intestinal proteolysis, and the intestinal biota. The establishment of beneficial bacterial communities and metabolites from these complex ecosystems has varying consequences for host health. This hypothesis has led to the introduction of novel therapeutic interventions based on the consumption of beneficial bacterial cultures. Mechanisms by which probiotic bacteria affect the microecology of the gastrointestinal tract are not well understood, but at least three mechanisms of action have been proposed: production/presence of antibacterial substances (e.g., bacteriocins or colicins), modulation of immune responses and specific competition for adhesion receptors to intestinal epithelium. The rapid establishment of bacterial communities has been thought to be essential for the prevention of colonization by pathogenic bacteria. Some animal models suggest that the reduction in bacterial translocation in neonatal animals could be associated with an increase in intestinal bacterial communities and bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances produced by these species. This review emphasizes the role of the intestinal microbiota in the reduction of the gastrointestinal infections and draws heavily on studies in poultry.
ChemInform Abstract: AROMATISCHE ARYLIERUNG MIT ARYL‐RADIKALEN 3. MITT. GOMBERG‐RK. IN DIMETHYLSULFOXID (1972)

Abstract Benzoldiazonium‐tetrafluoroborat (I) reagiert in DMSO bzw. in Wasser mit äquimolaren Mengen an Benzol und seinen Derivaten (II) bei Zugabe von Cholin oder Tetramethylammoniumhydroxid spontan unter N 2 ‐Entwicklung und Bildung der phenylierten Derivate (III)‐(V).
Modeling software systems with rejuvenation, restoration and checkpointing through fluid stochastic Petri nets (2003)

In this paper, we present a Fluid Stochastic Petri Net (FSPN) based model which captures the behavior of aging software systems with checkpointing, rejuvenation and self-restoration, three well known techniques of software fault tolerance. The proposed FSPN based modeling framework is novel in many aspects. First, the FSPN formalism itself is extended by adding flush-out arcs. Second, the three techniques are simultaneously captured in a single model for the first time. Third, the formalism enables modeling dependencies of the three techniques on various system features such as failure, load and time in the same framework. Further, our base FSPN model can be viewed as a generalization of most previous models in the literature. We show that these FSPNs can not only mimic previously published models but can also extend them. For one FSPN model, we present numerical results to illustrate their usage in deriving measures of interest.
Application of the Multiwell Productivity Index-Based Method to Evaluate Interwell Connectivity (2010)

Abstract Numerous studies have concluded that connectivity is one of the most important factors controlling success of improved oil recovery processes. Interwell connectivity evaluation can help identify flow barriers and conduits and provide tools for reservoir management and production optimization. The multiwell productivity index (MPI)-based method provides the connectivity indices between well pairs based on injection/production data. By decoupling the effects of well locations, skin factors, injection rates, and the producers’ bottomhole pressures from the calculated connectivity, the heterogeneity matrix obtained by this method solely represents the heterogeneity and possible anisotropy of the formation. Previously, the MPI method was developed for bounded reservoirs with limited numbers of wells. In this paper, we extend the MPI method to deal with cases of large numbers of wells and open reservoirs. To handle open reservoirs, we applied some modifications to the MPI method by adding a virtual well to the system and by modifying the pore volume. We applied the modifications in two nonvolumetric systems where there was either a leaking zone or an isolated zone, and found the approaches using the virtual well could predict the reservoir performance accurately. In cases with large numbers of wells, the required computational time to calculate the heterogeneity matrix may make the problem intractable. Therefore, we applied a model reduction strategy based on the location of the wells, called windowing. This technique ignores the parameters that have smaller effects on reservoir performance. We applied windowing to two cases with large numbers of wells (16 and 41 wells). We observed that, by selecting the proper window size, we can predict the reservoir performance accurately (R2 values greater than 99%) and decrease the CPU time up to a factor of 20 for the studied cases. The approaches described enabled us to provide realistic interpretations of interwell connectivity for complex cases where the simple MPI method would be difficult to apply. Integration of these approaches with the MPI method can quickly and efficiently model field data to optimize well patterns and flood parameters.
Synthetic Organic Chemicals That Act through the Porphyrin Pathway (1994)

A survey of the known inhibitors of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (Protox) has resulted in their classification into three main chemical classes: the diaryl ethers, the phenyl heterocycles, and the heterocyclic carboxamides. The first class, the diaryl ethers, is subdivided into the diphenyl ethers (e.g., oxyfluorfen, acifluorfen and lactofen) and the heterocyclyl phenyl ethers (e.g., AH 2.430, 6-aryloxy-1H-benzotriazoles). A second major class of protox inhibitors, the phenyl heterocycles, is characterized by the 2,4,5-substitution pattern of the phenyl ring and contains two major subclasses. Most prominent in the N-phenyl heterocycle subclass are the imides (e.g., S 23031, S 53482), the tetrazolones (F 5231), the triazolones (F 6285), the uracils (UBI C4243) and the pyrazoles (M&B 39279). The smaller C-phenyl heterocycle subclass also contains several heterocyclic systems. The O-phenylcarbamates (RH 1422) are included with the phenyl heterocycles based on their characteristic phenyl substitution pattern. A third, presently small class is the heterocyclic carboxamide class which can be subdivided into the pyridone carboxamides (DLH 1777) and the pyridine carboxamides (LS 82 556).
Refinement of coarse indoor models using position traces and a low-cost range camera (2013)

In our previous work, we described the automatic reconstruction of coarse models of building interiors using a single photograph of an evacuation plan and an available model of the building's external shell. Additionally, we presented the extraction of the initial position and orientation for a foot-mounted MEMS IMU positioning system from the plan as well as the use of the coarse model for alignment and map-matching purposes. In this paper, we propose the geometric and semantic refinement of the coarse model employing an analysis of position traces delivered by such a system. While the addition of semantic attributes requires user interaction (like taking a photograph of a door plate to be analyzed by Optical Character Recognition), the update of the model's geometry (i.e. reconstruction of doors) is delivered automatically by analyzing position traces and model conjointly. The model's geometry is further refined using an automatic approach for the reconstruction of detailed CAD models of individual rooms, from the point clouds collected by the low-cost RGB-D sensor Microsoft Kinect. The user's track derived from the MEMS IMU positioning approach will be used for the registration and fusion of the detailed models to the coarse model.
Reviews (1979)

Journal Article Reviews Get access BILINGUAL, ESOL, AND FOREIGN-LANGUAGE TEACHER PREPARATION: Models, Practices, Issues. Ed. John F. Fanselow and Richard L. Light. Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages, Washington, D.C., USA, 1977. 263 pp. Bruce Pattison Bruce Pattison Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ELT Journal, Volume XXXIII, Issue 2, January 1979, Pages 152-b–154, https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/XXXIII.2.152-b Published: 01 January 1979
Differential protein modulation by ketoprofen and ibuprofen underlines different cellular response by gastric epithelium (2017)

Ketoprofen L-lysine salt (KLS), is widely used due to its analgesic efficacy and tolerability, and L-lysine was reported to increase the solubility and the gastric tolerance of ketoprofen. In a recent report, L-lysine salification has been shown to exert a gastroprotective effect due to its specific ability to counteract the NSAIDs-induced oxidative stress and up-regulate gastroprotective proteins. In order to derive further insights into the safety and efficacy profile of KLS, in this study we additionally compared the effect of lysine and arginine, another amino acid counterion commonly used for NSAIDs salification, in control and in ethanol challenged human gastric mucosa model. KLS is widely used for the control of post-surgical pain and for the management of pain and fever in inflammatory conditions in children and adults. It is generally well tolerated in pediatric patients, and data from three studies in >900 children indicate that oral administration is well tolerated when administered for up to 3 weeks after surgery. Since only few studies have so far investigated the effect of ketoprofen on gastric mucosa maintenance and adaptive mechanisms, in the second part of the study we applied the cMap approach to compare ketoprofen-induced and ibuprofen-induced gene expression profiles in order to explore compound-specific targeted biological pathways. Among the several genes exclusively modulated by ketoprofen, our attention was particularly focused on genes involved in the maintenance of gastric mucosa barrier integrity (cell junctions, morphology, and viability). The hypothesis was further validated by Real-time PCR.