gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Heat-Resistant Optical Fiber Sensor Module for Condition Monitoring (2006)

We studied the optical fiber sensor module that can detect the strain occurred by cracks and deformation of construction not only at normal temperature environment but also at high temperature environment.
Integration of Ag/AgCl reference electrode with MOSFET-type biosensor (2007)

In this study, a CMOS process-compatible MOSFET-type biosensor with a built-in Ag/AgCI thin film reference electrode have been fabricated on the same chip. Au was used as the gate metal of the MOSFET-type biosensor in order to immobilize biomolecules. Electrical characteristics of the MOSFET-type biosensor is quite stable and similar to the characteristics of the biosensor with the conventional Ag/AgCI glass electrode. Therefore, it is concluded that the Ag/AgCI thin film reference electrode might replace the voluminous Ag/AgCI glass reference electrode for realization of miniature biosensors and micro total analysis systems.
Decision Theory and Artificial Intelligence II: The Hungry Monkey* (1977)

This paper describes a problem‐solving framework In which aspects of mathematical decision theory are incorporated into symbolic problem‐solving techniques currently predominant in artificial intelligence. The utility function of decision theory IS used to reveal tradeoffs among competing strategies for achieving various goals, taking into account such factors as reliability, the complexity of steps in the strategy, and the value of the goal. The utility function on strategies can therefore be used as a guide when searching for good strategies. It is also used to formulate solutions to the problems of how to acquire a world model, how much planning effort is worthwhile, and whether verification tests should be performed. These techniques are illustrated by application to the classic monkey and bananas problem.
Effect of underlayer roughness, grain size, and crystal texture on exchange coupled IrMn/CoFe thin films (2000)

The exchange bias field (Hex) between a ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic film has been found to be sensitive to interface roughness, crystalline texture, and grain size. In order to isolate the effects of these three parameters, we deposited Si/UL/CoFe4/IrMn5/Ta5nm (top) and Si/UL/IrMn5/CoFe4/Ta5nm (bottom configuration) exchange coupled multilayers on three underlayers, namely Cu, Ru, and [Cu1/Ru1nm]n with thickness between 5 and 100 nm. With an increase in Cu (fcc) underlayer thickness, roughness and grain size increased rapidly up to 0.9 nm rms and 48 nm, respectively. For the Ru (hcp) underlayer, roughness increased gradually to 0.3 nm while the grain size increased to 30 nm. In case of Cu/Ru (hcp+fcc), the roughness observed is between that of Cu and Ru for comparable thickness. However, the grain size is much smaller compared to Ru and Cu. For both top and bottom exchange coupled films, Hex (200–300 Oe) is observed above a critical underlayer thickness (⩾5 nm for Ru and ⩾15 nm for Cu and Cu/Ru). In the top configuration, above the critical underlayer thickness, Hex decreases from 295 to 180 Oe with an increase in underlayer (UL) thickness due to the rougher interface. However, Hex did not change with roughness for the bottom case. The difference in Hex dependence on roughness for top and bottom cases can be explained in terms of magnetostatic effects on domain formation in the antiferromagnetic layer. In both cases, above the critical UL thickness, no correlation between Hex and the grain size and texture was found. After annealing at 225 °C for 1 h, high interfacial exchange energy (Jk∼0.22 ergs/cm2) for the top configuration is obtained for films deposited on UL which have large grain size. In the bottom case, a high Jk (∼0.3 ergs/cm2) is obtained for films with good fcc-IrMn(111) texture, corresponding to growth on Cu/Ru underlayers.
Process flow simulation for the fabrication of commercial nuclear fuel assembly subcomponents (2003)

Framatome ANP (FANP) recently merged with Siemens Power Corporation to form one of the world's largest suppliers of fuel assemblies for commercial nuclear power plants. This merger offers the potential for cost reductions and logistical improvements through the integration of FANP's two North American fuel fabrication facilities. According to plan, the current production uranium fuel rods and assemblies at Lynchburg, VA, will move to the Richland, WA, and the current production of spacer grids at Richland will move to Lynchburg. As a result, the number of different grids and the overall throughput of all grids at Lynchburg will double. We describe a simulation study commissioned by FANP to determine the impact of the consolidation at Lynchburg. Discrete-event simulation was applied first to study the existing grid fabrication process. A baseline model was developed that captures current process flows. This stochastic model was calibrated using data collected on the production floor, verified using deterministic line-of-balance calculations, and validated against historical throughput data. The baseline model was then extended to incorporate the new facility layout, equipment additions, and anticipated load. The enhanced model was used to predict potential bottlenecks and to refine resource and process modifications needed to manage the additional load effectively within the fabrication schedule constraints. To provide a tool for continuing operations management, use cases were developed and spreadsheet interfaces were implemented which allow FANP engineers to explore evolving operational scenarios.
Enteric ganglioneuritis and abnormal interstitial cells of Cajal (2007)

Visceral ganglioneuritis and pathologic ICCs were observed in patients with CD and UC. However, these histopathologic abnormalities could not be related to the clinical or autonomic features of the disease.
Energy monitoring and management in 5G integrated fronthaul and backhaul (2017)

Energy efficiency is likely to be the litmus test for the sustainability of upcoming 5G networks. Before the new generation of cellular networks are ready to roll out, their architecture designers are motivated to leverage the SDN technology for the sake of its offered flexibility, scalability, and programmability to achieve the 5G KPI of 10 times lower energy consumption. In this paper, we present Proofs-of-Concept of Energy Management and Monitoring Applications (EMMAs) in the context of three challenging, realistic case studies, along with a SDN/NFV-based MANO architecture to manage converged fronthaul/backhaul 5G transport networks.
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus as a Causative Agent of Postoperative Intra-abdominal Infection: Relation to Nasal Colonization (1999)

In the surgical intensive care unit of a university hospital, we investigated the frequency of and the risk factors for acquisition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) during postoperative intra-abdominal infection (pIAI). We conducted a prospective MRSA nasal screening and case evaluation for 17 months among 73 consecutive patients with having pIAI. MRSA pIAI was diagnosed when MRSA was obtained from culture of intraperitoneal fluids. The identity of nasal and peritoneal MRSA strains was assessed by genomic analysis. Twelve patients had MRSA pIAI, representing 21% of all MRSA infections acquired by the 73 patients. An organ system failure score of >/=1 and MRSA nasal carriage prior to pIAI were the independent risk factors for acquisition of MRSA pIAI. Patients with MRSA pIAI had a longer intensive care unit stay and more reoperations than did those free of MRSA pIAI. We conclude that MRSA may be a causative pathogen in pIAI and may be related to nasal colonization.
Effects of Purine Derivatives and Analogues on Multiplication of the Vaccinia Virus (1950)

Summary 2,6-diaminopurine inhibits multiplication of the vaccinia virus in an in vitro system containing chick embryonic tissue. This inhibition is abolished by adenine at an equivalent concentration, and by adenylic and guanylic acids, yeast nucleic acid, diphosphopyridine nucleotide and hypoxanthine at somewhat higher concentrations. Guanine, xanthine and uracil are inactive. Several halogenated purines appear to be virostatic in the same system, but adenine did not prevent the inhibition of viral growth produced by 2,6,8-trichloropurine. Three triazolopyrimidines, including 8-azaguanine, failed to prevent multiplication of the virus. Benzimidazole is inhibitory but the toxicity is not abolished by adenine, guanine or yeast nucleic acid. Mice inoculated intracerebrally with a neurotropic strain of vaccinia virus (IHD) were not protected by 2,6-diaminopurine, 2,6-dichloro-7-methyl purine or benzimidazole.
The Chemistry of 1,2-Dithiins (1989)

Abstract This report describes the bioactivity, the chemistry, and the synthesis of 1,2-dithiins, (o-dithiin, 1,2-dithia-3,5-cyclohexadiene) and its derivatives, including 1,2-benzodithiins, benzo[c]-1,2-dithiins (2,3-benzodithiins), dibenzo[c,e]-1,2-dithiins, 3,4-dihydro-1,2-dithiins, and 3,6-dihydro-1,2-dithiins. Key Words: 1,2-Dithiins1,2-benzodithiinsbenzo[c]-1,2-dithiins (2,3-benzodithiins)dibenzo[c,e]-1,2-dithiins3,4-dihydro-1,2-dithiins3,6-dihydro-1,2-dithiinssinglet sulfur
Edubot: a reconfigurable kit for control education. II. Identification and control (2002)

For pt.I see ibid., p.50-5 (2000). This paper describes the dynamical modeling, parameter identification, and initial experimental results of a reconfigurable educational robotic kit, named the Edubot. This kit can be easily assembled to perform a wide range of both linear and nonlinear control system experiments. Two examples, a pendubot and an acrobot, are discussed in detail to illustrate the potential of this kit.
Ocular Motor and Imaging Abnormalities of Midbrain Dysfunction in Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome (2009)

After rapid correction of severe hyponatremia, a 36-year-old man developed osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS), manifested neurologically by impaired cognition, extremity weakness, bilateral third cranial nerve palsies, and gaze-evoked upbeat and rotary nystagmus. Brain MRI showed restricted diffusion in the rostral midbrain and temporal and parietal lobes but not in the pons. Over several weeks, all neurologic and imaging deficits resolved. This is the first report to document ocular motor abnormalities associated with midbrain dysfunction in ODS.
Regulation of hepatitis B virus expression in progenitor and differentiated cell types: evidence for negative transcriptional control in nonpermissive cells. (1999)

Mechanisms regulating cell type-specific gene expression are not completely understood. We utilized hepatitis B virus (HBV) enhancer I and preS1 promoter sequences, which exhibit cell type specificity, to analyze transcriptional control in pluripotential murine embryonic stem (ES) cells, bipotential HBC-3 progenitor liver cells, mature hepatocytes, and fibroblasts. In transient transfection assays, HBV sequences were most active in primary hepatocytes, followed by HBC-3 and ES cells, and became inactive in fibroblasts. Cotransfections with HNF-3 or C/EBP plasmids increased expression of HBV sequences in hepatocytes and HBC-3 cells. However, increased HBV expression was not observed in ES cells and HBV remained inactive in fibroblasts, suggesting different transcriptional controls, which was compatible with alterations in the abundance of endogenous transcription factors. Analysis in somatic hybrid cells created from NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and Hepa1-6 mouse hepatocytes with expression of albumin and selected hepatic transcription factors showed that HBV sequences were expressed weakly but without increased expression following transfection of HNF-1, HNF-3, and C/EBP plasmids. These findings indicated that repression of HBV in nonpermissive cells involved inactivation of transcription factor activity. Expression of HBV in stem cells is relevant for mechanisms concerning viral persistence and oncogenesis, as well as analysis of hepatocytic differentiation in progenitor cells.
ANATOMIC FEATURES OF DISTAL ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY ANEURYSMS (2008)

The special neurovascular features and frequent ACA anomalies, best identified from computed tomographic angiography or rotational digital subtraction angiography, must be taken into account when planning occlusive treatment of DACA aneurysms.
CH‐Azidität und Tautomerie bei 2‐Chinolylmethanen (1965)

Abstract Di‐ und Trichinolylmethane treten im allgemeinen in zwei prototropen Formen auf. Die Lage des Gleich‐gewichts hängt von der Größe der aromatischen Reste ab und läßt sich auf den Unterschied der nach dem HMO‐Verfahren berechneten ϕ‐Bindungsenergien beider Formen zurückführen. Aus Temperatur‐ und Lösungsmittelabhängigkeit der Gleichgewichtslage lassen sich Rückschlüsse auf den Mechanismus der tautomeren Umlagerung ziehen.
Turnover Rate, Reaction Order, and Elementary Steps for the Hydrodechlorination of Chlorofluorocarbon Compounds on Palladium Catalysts (1999)

The rates of hydrodechlorination catalyzed by Pd supported on carbon for four chlorofluorocarbons spanned a range of 7 orders of magnitude. The rates scaled up to the bond strength of the carbon−chlorine bond for the gas-phase reactant. This finding demonstrates that the rate-determining step involves the scission of the C−Cl bond and suggests, through Polanyi and linear free-energy relationships, that rates for other compounds can be estimated if the C−Cl bond strength is known. The reaction orders for the most abundant products are approximately first-order for the chlorine-containing compound, half-order in H2, and inverse first-order in HCl. The reaction steps consistent with these orders include a rate-determining step involving the adsorption of the chlorofluorocarbon to a single site (which could be a single surface palladium atom) and equilibrated steps between gas-phase H2, gas-phase HCl, and adsorbed hydrogen and chlorine atoms. The rates on the supported catalysts are comparable to the ones reported before on a Pd foil, indicating that the support does not play a role in the reaction. The product distribution is independent of conversion, implying that the various products are formed from a single visit of the reactant on the surface and not from readsorption of gas-phase products. The four compounds studied were chloropentafluoroethane (CF3−CF2Cl), 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (CF3−CFClH), 1,1-dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CF3−CFCl2), and 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (CF3−CCl3).
Simulation-based characterization of electrolyte and small molecule diffusion in oriented mesoporous silica thin films (2017)

We developed a new workflow for simulating ion reaction-adsorption-diffusion in nanoporous silica-based materials that are resolved through electron microscopy. Firstly, we propose a matched filtering procedure to identify and segment unique porous regions of the material that will be subject to PDE simulation. Secondly, we perform reaction-adsorption-diffusion PDE simulations on representative material regions that are then applied to characterize the entire microscopy-resolved film surface. Using this model, we examine the capacity of a recently synthesized mesoporous film to tune small molecule permeation through modulating the material permeability, surface chemistry&lt;br&gt;including buffering and adsorption, as well as electrolyte composition. Specifically, we find that our proposed matched filtering approach reliably discriminates hexagonal close packed (HCP) porous regions (bulk) from characterized defect regions in transmission electron microscopy (EM) data for nanoporous silica films. Further, based on our implementation of a pH-/surface-chemistry dependent Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) model that is consistent with existing experimental measurements of KCl and CaCl2 conductance, we characterize ion and 5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein (CF) dye permeability in silica-based nanoporous materials over a broad range of ionic strengths, pHs, and surface chemistries. Using this protocol, we probe conditions for selectively tuning small molecule permeability based on mesoporous film pore size, surface charge, ionic strength and surface reactions in the rapid-equilibrium limit. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[Clinical features of girls with Asperger disorders]. (2013)

The results suggest that there are differences in the AD symptoms exhibited by boys and girls. Further research is required to clarify the behavioral, neurological, and genetic links to these gender differences. In order to prevent secondary complications, it is necessary to establish specific diagnostic criteria for girls with AD.
Synthesis and Photoresponsive Behavior of a Liquid-Crystalline Polymer with a 4-Ring Azotolane Moiety with Huge Birefringence (2007)

A novel liquid-crystalline polymer (LCP) containing an azobenzene group directly connected to a tolane moiety (azotolane moiety) was synthesized. The LCP showed a nematic phase in a broad temperature range (> 200°C). Trans-cis photoisomerization and cis-trans thermal isomerization occurred even though the LCP contains a long azotolane moiety. The homogeneously aligned film of the LCP exhibited an extremely large value of Δn (0.70 at 633 nm). Upon irradiation with a pumping beam in the LC phase, a large change in Δn was induced due to destruction of the homogeneous alignment of the azotolane moieties.
Micro drilling of Printed Circuit Boards. (4th Report). A Breakage Prevention Drilling Using a Quick Stop Mechanism of Drill Feed. (2002)

Drill breakage is one of the major problems in micro drilling and in-situ breakage prediction can improve production reliability remarkably. The authors have already reported an in-process detection of small cutting torque by the new torque sensor with a thin-walled elastic cylinder. In this paper, a feed control drilling according to an overload signal from this torque sensor is described. In order to prevent the drill breakage caused by the overrun of a drill feed stage, it is necessary to stop the drill feed quickly enough according to the overload signal. A quick stop mechanism, which consists of z stage for the drill feed motion by regular NC control and z' stage for a quick retreat motion, was developed. The advancing z stage can not be stopped quickly due to electric delays of feed control and the mechanical inertia. The quick retreat motion of z' stage according to overload signal can cancel this time delay of z stage. The automatic canceling motion can prevent drill breakage during the drilling operation. Through a few drilling experiments of multi-layered printed circuit boards, the availability of the developed quick stop mechanism in automatic feed control was verified.
Preparation and in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation of surface-modified poly (lactide-co-glycolide) fluorescent nanoparticles (2010)

Chitosan-modified PLGA nanoparticles showed significant uptake by neoplastic 4T1 cells, and were distributed to several major organs frequently seen as sites of cancer metastasis in mice.
Stereodivergent, Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Azaphilone Natural Products (2019)

Selective access to a targeted isomer is often critical in the synthesis of biologically active molecules. Whereas small-molecule reagents and catalysts often act with anticipated site- and stereoselectivity, this predictability does not extend to enzymes. Further, the lack of access to catalysts that provide complementary selectivity creates a challenge in the application of biocatalysis in synthesis. Here, we report an approach for accessing biocatalysts with complementary selectivity that is orthogonal to protein engineering. Through the use of a sequence similarity network (SSN), a number of sequences were selected, and the corresponding biocatalysts were evaluated for reactivity and selectivity. With a number of biocatalysts identified that operate with complementary site- and stereoselectivity, these catalysts were employed in the stereodivergent, chemoenzymatic synthesis of azaphilone natural products. Specifically, the first syntheses of trichoflectin, deflectin-1a, and lunatoic acid A were achieved. In addition, chemoenzymatic syntheses of these azaphilones supplied enantioenriched material for reassignment of the absolute configuration of trichoflectin and deflectin-1a based on optical rotation, CD spectra, and X-ray crystallography.
10.8 SYSTOLIC AORTIC PRESSURE DERIVED FROM DIFFERENT CALIBRATION METHODS IN THE GENERAL POPULATION (2016)

Background: There is recent evidence from different research groups that accuracy [1] and prognostic value [2,3,4] of systolic aortic pressure significantly depends on the method of calibration. Although these results consistently show superiority of mean pressure calibration (aSBP2) over both, traditional calibrated aortic systolic (aSBP1) and brachial systolic pressure (bSBP), the investigated cohorts were relatively small and it is still unclear whether the observed associations between pressures are preserved in the general population. Objective: Therefore the objective of this work is the investigation of associations between different methods of systolic pressure assessment it a large cohort and its comparison to reported outcome. Methods: During a public health campaign cardiovascular hemodynamic data was assessed using the Mobil-O-Graph® device and ARCSolver® algorithms in a kiosk like setting. Systolic aortic pressure was derived from two different calibrations: systolic and diastolic pressure and mean and diastolic pressure. Furthermore brachial pressures, age, sex and anthropometric data were recorded and regression analysis was performed to investigate associations. Results: Summary statistics of 7409 valid measurements are reported in Table 1. Systolic and subsequent pulse pressures significantly differed from bSPB for aSBP1 but not for aSBP2. Regression analysis unveiled that aSBP2 (R2=0.853) is significantly (p&lt;0.00001) less associated with bSBP than aSBP1 (R2=0.937), see Figure 1. Conclusions: Comparison of our data with literature suggests that unlike aSBP1 [5] the association between bSBP and aSBP2 is only slightly influenced by increased sample size [2] and therefore prognostic superiority over bSBP is likely to be sustainable and warrants further investigation. Male Female N Median 2.5 – 97.5 P N Median 2.5 – 97.5 P Age 2276 54,000 24,000 to 83,000 5133 54,000 20,000 to 81,000 aSBP1 2276 120,803 98,754 to 153,254 5133 114,872 91,723 to 152,578 aSBP2 2276 133,102 108,651 to 172,962 5133 124,914 100,692 to 167,257 SBP 2276 131,000 107,000 to 168,000 5133 124,000 100,000 to 165,000 MBP 2276 106,000 85,000 to 133,000 5133 99,000 79,000 to 129,000 DBP 2276 84,000 63,000 to 109,000 5133 77,000 58,000 to 102,175 BMI 2276 26,219 20,065 to 35,774 5133 23,875 18,218 to 36,634 Regression between bSBP, aSBP1 and aSBP2 respectively. Summary statistics
Compensatory Development of a Patent Vascular Supply to the Testis After Intra-Abdominal Transection of its Main Blood Vessels (1984)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Sep 1984Compensatory Development of a Patent Vascular Supply to the Testis After Intra-Abdominal Transection of its Main Blood Vessels E.N. Noordhuizen-Stassen, G. Dijkstra, H.C. Schamhardt, and C.J.G. Wensing E.N. Noordhuizen-StassenE.N. Noordhuizen-Stassen , G. DijkstraG. Dijkstra , H.C. SchamhardtH.C. Schamhardt , and C.J.G. WensingC.J.G. Wensing View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)49783-7AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Compensatory Development of a Patent Vascular Supply to the Testis After Intra-Abdominal Transection of its Main Blood Vessels." The Journal of Urology, 132(3), p. 623 © 1984 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 132Issue 3September 1984Page: 623 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1984 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.Metrics Author Information E.N. Noordhuizen-Stassen More articles by this author G. Dijkstra More articles by this author H.C. Schamhardt More articles by this author C.J.G. Wensing More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...