gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A dynamic masking technique for combined measurements of PIV and synthetic schlieren applied to internal gravity waves (2005)

We present a novel technique for dynamically masking images for synthetic schlieren, a recently developed technique for measuring density gradients in fluids. Synthetic schlieren uses pattern matching algorithms to determine the apparent displacement of a background pattern. In the present case this pattern is displayed on a regular LCD monitor. By changing what is displayed on the monitor, foreground features (such as particles or optical defects in the apparatus) can be identified separately from the background pattern. The influence of these features can then be locally masked out from the synthetic schlieren calculations. The technique also has the benefit of enabling the simultaneous use of particle image velocimetry or particle tracking velocimetry, and hence it may produce combined measurements of both density gradients and velocity. The masking techniques introduced here significantly reduce the errors in the measured density gradient that would otherwise be introduced by the presence of particles in the flow. The mask itself will introduce errors in the pattern matching, but we show that these are smaller than the benefits.
[BP2]3⊖ and [BAs2]3⊖, Zintl Anions with Propadiene Structure (1990)

It is not the composition of the compounds K 3 BX 2 ( 1 : X = P, 2 : X = As) that enforces the propadiene‐like structure on their anions [XBX] 3⊖ which was established by X‐ray structure analyses and vibration spectra. Bond lengths of d B−P = 176.7 and d B−As = 186.8 pm were determined; these correspond to a Pauling bond order of 1.9. The compounds 1 and 2 , the first ternary boron phosphides and arsenides, are accessible at 1000–1100 K from the elements or by use of BP and BAs, respectively.
Implantable loop recorder (2018)

This chapter covers the use of insertable loop recorders (ILR) to provide extended rhythm monitoring for patients with syncope or presyncope but without arrhythmia. The cost effectiveness is noted. Indications and contraindications for ILR implantation are described, and positioning technique is illustrated. Implantation, from patient preparation to post-operative care is described. Programming and complications are briefly summarized, along with common pitfalls with ILRs. Finally, the interpretation and explanation of the output is discussed.
The optical properties of twisted nematic liquid crystal structures with twist angles ⩽90 degrees (1975)

Liquid-crystal twisted nematic structures can be made with twist angles other than the conventional 90 degrees . It is shown that theoretically the transmission of such a structure when placed between two polarizers aligned parallel and perpendicular to the respective surface molecular directors is given by T=(1+u2)-1 sin2( theta (1+u2)12/) where u= pi d Delta n/ theta lambda , and theta is the twist angle, d being the cell thickness, Delta n the refractive index anisotropy of the nematic material, and lambda the wavelength of the transmitted radiation. In the idealized case T is taken to be zero. The departures from this, predicted by the above expression, are due to the fact that plane-polarized light becomes elliptically polarized as it passes through the nematic structure. Experiments confirm the validity of the theoretical model.
The economic impact of vehicular trauma: One year treatment related expenditures (1988)

The total cost to society of injured survivors of motor vehicle crashes has been estimated at $17.5 billion dollars. These estimates have been based, however, on broad assumptions and on fragmentary data derived from multiple, often unrelated sources. The present study was designed to provide better estimates of the total treatment related costs associated with motor vehicle related trauma on a per episode basis and to examine more closely the relationship between these costs and type and severity of injury as measured using the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS). The study consisted of a prospective survey of 269 survivors of traffic related injuries (170 auto/truck, 60 motorcycle and 39 pedestrian) who were admitted to one of two trauma centers. Study participants (ages 16 to 45 inclusive) were interviewed at the time of discharge from acute care and again at 6 months and one- year following discharge. Information was obtained about the use of health and human services within the year since the injury, their associated costs and expected source of payment. Health care providers and third-party payers were contacted to verify and supplement the information provided by the respondent. Average treatment related expenditures associated with motor vehicle related injuries ranged from $9,680 for those with maximum AIS scores of 1-2 to $101,194 for those with maximum AIS scores of 5. Estimates of direct one-year expenditures are presented by category of goods and services (eg. inpatient versus outpatient care, medical/surgical care versus rehabilitation; medical supplies/equipment, etc) and by type of severity of injury. The generalizability of these estimates to a defined population of young adults treated at trauma centers and non-trauma centers is discussed.
The Design and implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX operating system (1991)

This book describes the design and implementation of the BSD operating system--previously known as the Berkeley version of UNIX. Today, BSD is found in nearly every variant of UNIX, and is widely used for Internet services and firewalls, timesharing, and multiprocessing systems. Readers involved in technical and sales support can learn the capabilities and limitations of the system; applications developers can learn effectively and efficiently how to interface to the system; systems programmers can learn how to maintain, tune, and extend the system. Written from the unique perspective of the system's architects, this book delivers the most comprehensive, up-to-date, and authoritative technical information on the internal structure of the latest BSD system.As in the previous book on 4.3BSD (with Samuel Leffler), the authors first update the history and goals of the BSD system. Next they provide a coherent overview of its design and implementation. Then, while explaining key design decisions, they detail the concepts, data structures, and algorithms used in implementing the system's facilities. As an in-depth study of a contemporary, portable operating system, or as a practical reference, readers will appreciate the wealth of insight and guidance contained in this book.Highlights of the book: Details major changes in process and memory management Describes the new extensible and stackable filesystem interface Includes an invaluable chapter on the new network filesystem Updates information on networking and interprocess communication
Cover Image, Volume 58, Issue 9 (2019)

Cover Caption: The cover image is based on the In Perspective Targeting ERK beyond the boundaries of the kinase active site in melanoma by Rachel M. Sammons et al., DOI 10.1002/mc.23047.
Purification and Characterization of Gallic Acid Decarboxylase from Pantoea agglomerans T71 (1998)

Oxygen-sensitive gallic acid decarboxylase from Pantoea (formerly Enterobacter) agglomerans T71 was purified from a cell extract after stabilization by reducing agents. This enzyme has a molecular mass of approximately 320 kDa and consists of six identical subunits. It is highly specific for gallic acid. Gallic acid decarboxylase is unique among similar decarboxylases in that it requires iron as a cofactor, as shown by plasma emission spectroscopy (which revealed an iron content of 0.8 mol per mol of enzyme subunit), spectrophotometric analysis (absorption shoulders at 398 and 472 nm), and inhibition of the enzyme activity by 2,2'-bipyridyl, o-phenanthroline, and EDTA. Another interesting feature of this strain is the fact that it contains a tannase, which is used together with the gallic acid decarboxylase in a two-enzyme resting cell bioconversion to synthesize valuable pyrogallol from readily available tannic acid.
Supplementary Fig 5 from Myc and Loss of p53 Cooperate to Drive Formation of Choroid Plexus Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S5 shows reduced expression of genes on mouse chomosomes 8, 12 and 19 due to decreased DNA copy number.&lt;/p&gt;
A New Object Representation For Graphics (1999)

Thall, Andrew. (1999). A New Object Representation For Graphics. (Link Foundation Fellowship Final Reports: Modeling, Simulation, and Training Program.) Retrieved from The Scholarship Repository of Florida Institute of Technology website: https://repository.lib.fit.edu/
Options to Prevent Dicalcium Silicate-Driven Disintegration of Stainless Steel Slags (2010)

Options to Prevent Dicalcium Silicate-Driven Disintegration of Stainless Steel Slags In this paper, a short overview is given on the strategy for high dicalcium silicate stainless steel slags stabilisation along with some results from work done and currently being performed at the K.U. Leuven.
Gladstone, Vaticanism, and the Question of the East (1978)

That Gladstone was religious is obvious enough, and to state it does not get us very far, but this remains as far as most historians get. The aim of this paper is to show by exposition the religious motivation behind two of the greatest Gladstonian and Victorian outbursts—the clutch of writings on the Vatican council published in 1874–5 and the pamphlet and articles on the ‘Bulgarian Horrors’ in 1876. These two expostulations, though they occurred within twenty two months of each other, are usually treated by historians as quite unrelated. Moreover, although attention has been paid to their proximate causes, they have not been placed in the complex and long-drawn out process of Gladstone’s religious development. I hope to show that both groups of pamphlets, though written in passion spurred by proximate causes, reflected long standing and interrelated intellectual, theological and political interests, an understanding of which illuminates both Gladstone and his age. If this paper ranges from idealism to cabinet diplomacy, this reflects the range of influences on Gladstone who consistently and deliberately tried to place himself at the cross-roads of Victorian culture, society, religion and politics.
On asymptotic matching and the sheath edge (2003)

The position of the sheath edge and the value of the electric field at the sheath edge are found using asymptotic matching techniques for collisionless plasma-wall systems. It is demonstrated that specifying the position of the sheath edge by the Bohm criterion or by Riemann's weak electric field is inconsistent with the asymptotic matching theory and contradicts the commonly accepted definition of the sheath as a region where ionization can be neglected. It is shown that the sheath found using the asymptotic matching theory is the ion sheath, characterized by negligible electron density, and that the value of the electric field at the sheath edge practically coincides with the value of Godyak's electric field. In addition, analytical expressions are given for the position of the wall, the sheath width, and sheath characteristics for arbitrary potentials at the wall.
Rapid Excited-State Deactivation of BODIPY Derivatives by a Boron-Bound Catechol (2019)

The excited-state dynamics and energetics of a series of BODIPY-derived chromophores bound to a catechol at the boron position were investigated with a combination of static and time-resolved spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and density functional theory calculations. Compared with the difluoro-BODIPY-derived parent compounds, the addition of the catechol at the boron reduced the excited-state lifetime by three orders of magnitude. Deactivation of the excited state proceeded through an intermediate charge-transfer state accessed from the initial optically excited π* state in <1 ps. Despite differences in the structures of the BODIPY derivatives and absorption maxima that spanned the visible portion of the spectrum, all compounds exhibited the same, rapid, excited-state deactivation mechanism, suggesting the generality of the observed dynamics within this class of compounds.
Efficient and Reliable Link State Information Dissemination (2004)

Distributing link state information may place a heavy burden on the network resource. In this letter, based on the tree-based reliable topology (TRT), we propose a simple but efficient and reliable scheme for disseminating link state information. We show that the computational complexity of computing the subnet topology over which link state information is distributed is the same as that of computing the minimum spanning tree.
Peripapillary Staphyloma in a Child with Intermittent Exotropia (2014)

Peripapillary staphyloma is an extremely rare non-hereditary congenital anomaly in which an excavation surrounds the relatively normal optic disk [1]. The aetiology of peripapillary staphyloma is unknown. It is thought to arise as a sequel to disturbance of scleral development at about 20 weeks gestation, perhaps arising as a consequence of the new development of intraocular pressure causing scleral herniation at this stage of development [2,3]. It is generally occurs in isolation [3,4]. Peripapillary staphyloma is generally unilateral, but a few cases of bilateral staphylomas have been reported [1,5-7]. Patients with peripapillary staphyloma are generally emmetropic or slightly myopic and their visual acuity usually is markedly reduced in the affected eye [5,8]. Occlusion therapy may rarely provides visual improvement [4]. Retinal detachment associated with peripapillary staphyloma has been published in a few reports [4,6,8,9]. We document the clinical features of peripapillary staphyloma in a 3-year-old girl with intermittent exotropia.
Transdermal application of prostaglandin E1 ethyl ester for the treatment of trophic acral skin lesions in a patient with systemic scleroderma (2002)

An early dinical symptom in scleroderma patients is Raynaud's phenomenon. Later cutaneous manifestations of the disease include oedematous swelling in the extremities and in more extreme cases often very painful, refractory acral necroses. We report on a 56-year-old female patient who participated in a prospective, double-blind, multicentre comparative pilot study because of her severe Raynaud symptoms, with dystrophic skin lesions on both hands. The goal of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of prostaglandin E1 ethyl ester in a transdermal drug delivery system compared with placebo in patients with secondary Raynaud's phenomenon associated with systemic scleroderma or mixed connective tissue disease. After 2 weeks of verum treatment the patient experienced a marked improvement of Raynaud's attacks, with increased capillary flow velocity, reduced blood stasis and dinical healing of the acral trophic lesions. For this patient the transdermal application of prostaglandin E1 ethyl ester in the form of a medicated patch proved to be a simple and effective therapy for the acral trophic skin lesions associated with systemic scleroderma.
Microstructures of Air Atomized Al-Cr Powders and the Mechanical Properties of the Hot Extruded Powders (1995)

Article Microstructures of Air Atomized Al-Cr Powders and the Mechanical Properties of the Hot Extruded Powders was published on April 1, 1995 in the journal International Journal of Materials Research (volume 86, issue 4).
DED melt pool dimensions ANN dataset (2020)

Melt pool dimensions of cross-sections of single track DED deposits produced by a Trumpf TruLaser Cell 7040. More details of the work herein are contained in the work titled "On the use of Artificial Neural Networks to Determine Processing Windows in Directed Energy Deposition Applications".
Asymmetric conjugate addition of organometallic reagents to chiral vinyl sulfoximines (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric conjugate addition of organometallic reagents to chiral vinyl sulfoximinesStephen G. PyneCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 1, 81–87Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00351a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00351a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views475Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Controlled, radical reversible addition–fragmentation chain‐transfer polymerization in high‐surfactant‐concentration ionic miniemulsions (2004)

Abstract Living free‐radical polymerization of methacrylate and styrenic monomers with ionic surfactants was carried out with reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer in miniemulsion with different surfactant types and concentrations. The previously reported problem of phase separation was found to be insignificant at higher surfactant concentrations, and control of the molar mass and polydispersity index was superior to that of published miniemulsion systems. Cationic and anionic surfactants were used to examine the validity of the argument that ionic surfactants interfere with transfer agents. Ionic surfactants were suitable for miniemulsion polymerization under certain conditions. The colloidal stability of the miniemulsions was consistent with the predictions of a specific model. The living character of the polymer that comprised the latex material was shown by its transformation into block copolymers. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 960–974, 2004
Diversity Characterization of Optimized Two-Antenna Systems for UMTS Handsets (2008)

This paper presents the evaluation of the diversity performance of several two-antenna systems for UMTS terminals. All the measurements are done in a reverberation chamber and in a Wheeler cap setup. First, a two-antenna system having poor isolation between its radiators is measured. Then, the performance of this structure is compared with two optimized structures having high isolation and high total efficiency, thanks to the implementation of a neutralization technique between the radiating elements. The key diversity parameters of all these systems are discussed, that is, the total efficiency of the antenna, the envelope correlation coefficient, the diversity gains, the mean effective gain (MEG), and the MEG ratio. The comparison of all these results is especially showing the benefit brought back by the neutralization technique.
Solid-Phase Synthesis of a 4-Substituted γ-Lactam Library (2004)

Pyrrolidin-2-one (gamma-lactam) derivatives have shown a wide range of activities as ligands to diverse receptors, e.g., integrin, CCR5, and CCK. Therefore, we have prepared a large library of these derivatives for high-throughput screening against various protein targets, after developing a synthesis of pyrrolidin-2-ones on solid phase. Exploration of the ring formation was key to the success of this synthesis. First, acylation of resin-bound amines with N-Fmoc-protected amino acids and subsequent deprotection of the Fmoc group were accomplished readily. The resulting resin-bound primary amines were treated with beta-monomethyl itaconate under gentle heat in a mixture of methanol and toluene to yield the desired intermediates. Finally, saponification, amide formation, and cleavage from the resin led to the production of a library of 12,000 pyrrolidin-2-one derivatives. These products were isolated as diastereomeric mixtures of high purity and were obtained in good yields.
Memory effect in cadmium telluride quantum dots doped ferroelectric liquid crystals (2010)

A pronounced memory effect has been observed in cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe-QDs) doped ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) by using dielectric and electro-optical methods. The memory effect has been attributed to the charge storage on the CdTe-QDs upon the application of dc bias across the sample cell. The FLC molecules remain in the switched state in vicinity of the charge stored on QDs even after removal of bias. It has been observed that the memory effect depends on doping concentrations of CdTe-QDs and the FLC material used.
Beneficiation Studies on Low Grade Chromite Ores using Multi Gravity Separator (2017)

Chromite is the most important mineral of chromium and is essential raw material for the production of
special steel and ferrochrome alloys. From the mineral conservation point of view it is necessary to
maximize the utilization of low grade ores and minimize the high grade ore consumption. Generally low
grade and finely disseminated ores need fine grinding, posing problem in recovering of chromium values.
In many cases the finely ground feed does respond well to process involving simple gravitational force
for recovering the valuable minerals, hence processing under higher G-force may be worth investigating.
Multi gravity separator (MGS) is such an equipment which uses enhanced gravitational force for
processing ultrafine particles. In the present study, a laboratory Mozley MGS was used for upgrading a
low grade chromite ore assaying 26.8% Cr2O3. The chromite ore under study contained gangue minerals
such as olivine, serpentine, chrysotile and magnetite. Liberation study on different size fractions reveals
that 80% liberation occurs at a size 150μm. Considering the mineralogical information, as received ore
was ground separately to three top sizes, namely -250μm, -150μm and -75μm respectively and were
subjected to concentration using MGS separately. The other parameters such as drum speed and wash
water flow rate were also varied to get the optimum condition with respect to grade and recovery. Under
the optimum operating conditions, low grade chromite sample was upgraded to 41.1% Cr2O3 with 62%
recovery using MGS.
Distributed video coding encoder/decoder complexity sharing method by phase motion estimation algorithm (2009)

Distributed video coding is a coding paradigm that allows complexity to be shared between encoder and decoder, in contrast with conventional video coding. To improve coding efficiency, accurate motion estimation in encoder is required. However, the encoder of distributed video coding performs incomplete motion estimation because of increasing complexity. Therefore, coding efficiency is decreased by inefficient local motion estimation. To solve this problem, we propose that the encoder perform a partial motion estimation using the three step search. It is possible to control complexity of encoder and coding efficiency by performance of terminal. The result of the partial motion estimation is transferred to the decoder, and the decoder performs motion estimation within the narrow range. Therefore, complexity of the decoder is decreased and coding efficiency is increased.