gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Imaging by intensity interferometry of x-ray fluorescence at a compact x-ray free-electron laser (2021)

A semiclassical theory of incoherent diffractive imaging is given, based on the Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect when used to image inner-shell x-ray fluorescence from heavy atoms excited by the femtosecond pulses of an x-ray laser. Interference between emission from different atoms is expected when the pulse duration is shorter than the fluorescent lifetime. Simulations for atoms at the vertices of an icosahedral virus capsid are given, and reconstructions are presented based on phasing of the pair correlation function between photons emitted independently from many different atoms at two different detector pixels. The dependence of the pair-correlation function on the fluorescence lifetime relative to the pulse duration of the x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) is computed, and a simple expression is obtained for the contrast of incoherent diffractive imaging speckles as a function of the XFEL's flux and lifetime. This indicates that compact XFELs, with reduced flux but sub-femtosecond pulses, should be ideally suited to atomic-resolution three-dimensional mapping of heavy atoms in materials science, chemistry, and biology.
Content Based Re-ranking Scheme for Video Queries on the Web (2007)

We present a novel content-based re-ranking scheme for enhancing the precision of video retrieval on the Web. We use ontology specified knowledge of the video domain to map user queries to domain-based concepts. The user preferences are learned implicitly from the web logs of users' interaction with a video search engine. A ranking SVM is trained for each concept to learn the ranking function which incorporates user preferences for the concept. The videos are represented by a set of ingeniously derived content- based features which are based on MPEG-7 descriptors. Our re-ranking scheme thus effectively re-ranks results for new text queries submitted to our video retrieval system, leading to better satisfaction of the users' information need.
Nucleic Acid Conjugated Nanomaterials for Enhanced Molecular Recognition (2009)

Nucleic acids, whether designed or selected in vitro, play important roles in biosensing, medical diagnostics, and therapy. Specifically, the conjugation of functional nucleic acid based probe molecules and nanomaterials has resulted in an unprecedented improvement in the field of molecular recognition. With their unique physical and chemical properties, nanomaterials facilitate the sensing process and amplify the signal of recognition events. Thus, the coupling of nucleic acids with various nanomaterials opens up a promising future for molecular recognition. The literature offers a broad spectrum of recent advances in biosensing by employing different nanoplatforms with designed nucleic acids, especially gold nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, silica nanoparticles, and quantum dots. The advantages of these novel combinations are discussed from the perspective of molecular recognition in chemistry, biology, and medicine, along with the problems confronting future applications.
Organization of threonine biosynthesis genes from the obligate methylotroph Methylobacillus flagellatus The GenBank accession numbers for the aspC-hom-thrC-thyA gene cluster and thrB gene sequences from M. flagellatus reported in this paper are L78665 and L78666, respectively. (1999)

The genes encoding aspartate kinase (ask), homoserine dehydrogenase (hom), homoserine kinase (thrB) and threonine synthase (thrC) from the obligate methylotroph Methylobacillus flagellatus were cloned. In maxicells hom and thrC directed synthesis of 51 and 48 kDa polypeptides, respectively. The hom, thrB and thrC genes and adjacent DNA areas were sequenced. Of the threonine biosynthesis genes, only hom and thrC were tightly linked in the order hom-thrC. The gene for thymidylate synthase (thyA) followed thrC and the gene for aspartate aminotransferase (aspC) preceded hom. All four genes (aspC-hom-thrC-thyA) were transcribed in the same direction. mRNA analysis indicated that hom-thrC are apparently transcribed in one 7.5 kb transcript in M. flagellatus. Promoter analysis showed the presence of a functional promoter between aspC and hom. No functional promoter was found to be associated with the DNA stretch between hom and thrC. The thrB gene encoded an unusual type of homoserine kinase and was not linked to other threonine biosynthesis genes.
High-Throughput Flow Cytometry for Predicting Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity (2012)

The development of a new drug is a long, expensive and complex process which aims to identify a pharmacologically-active low toxicity drug candidate. Large amount of resources and time are wasted if a drug fails in late stages of development or is withdrawn from the market because of toxicity. Hepatotoxicity in particular is a frequent cause for the failure of a drug to get approved, or for the withdrawal of already marketed medicines (Stevens & Baker, 2009). Current preclinical testing systems lack predictivity and need to be significantly improved in order to allow the identification of potentially hepatotoxic drug candidates, and the safety-based prioritization of compounds early in the development process. A cost-effective identification of compounds with potential liver liabilities in the initial preclinical phase of drug development would undoubtedly reduce the number of drug nonapprovals and withdrawals.
SIP-based internetwork system between Future IP Networks and ZigBee based Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPAN) (2012)

The internetwork system between Future IP Networks and ZigBee Wireless Networks has two main approaches; the SIP Proxy Based approach, and the ZigBee Stack Based approach. Because of the dynamic nature of the ZigBee devices, both approaches need to be improved to support the connectivity system and the Quality of Service (QoS) for different types of sensing and actuating applications. This paper proposes an initial design for a modified version of SIP (Mod-SIP) for ZigBee Stack Based approach. In addition, the paper introduces the Combined Approach which is an enhanced internetwork system used to provide more reliable and flexible connectivity system between ZigBee WPANs, and the IP clouds. An initial design and simulation efforts on OPNET implemented to study the current approaches and compare it with the proposed approaches. It shows that the SIP Proxy Based approach is not efficient for Future IP Networks applications as it has a high rate of End-to-End delays because of the lack of flexibility between SIP signaling system and the ZigBee WPANs. The initial investigations shown that the Combined approach can provide more reliable connectivity system with the support for the QoS for different types of instantaneous applications such as VoIP and video conferencing.
The VMP multiprocessor: initial experience, refinements, and performance evaluation (1988)

VMP is an experimental multiprocessor being developed at Stanford University, suitable for high-performance workstations and server machines. Its primary novelty lies in the use of software management of the per-processor caches and the design decisions in the cache and bus that make this approach feasible. The design and some uniprocessor trace-driven simulations indicating its performance have been reported previously. In this paper, we present our initial experience with the VMP design based on a running prototype as well as various refinements to the design. Performance evaluation is based both on measurement of actual execution as well as trace-driven simulation of multiprocessor executions from the Mach operating system.
Three-Dimensional Model for Elastic Properties of Textile Composites (2020)

The mechanical properties of triax fabric composites are determined using an equivalent elastic energy approach. The structure of the fabric is decomposed into unit cells. The geometry of the fiber arrangement in the unit cell is closely described. The unit cell is assumed to take up uniform strains or uniform stresses. Elastic energies are calculated based upon these assumptions. These elastic energies are formulated based on equivalent elastic constants for the material. Using the equivalence in energies calculated from both the constituent materials and those from the equivalent elastic constants, the elastic constants for the composites are obtained. There are many other models available for the calculation of elastic constants of textile composites. However the approach developed here is particularly suited for the case of single-layered triax fabric with open-hole structure. This is due to the distinct single-tow arrangement and the open holes in the structure.
Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Patients With an Acute ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Stratified by Angiography-Derived Index of Microcirculatory Resistance (2021)

<b>Aims:</b> Despite the prognostic value of coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), its assessment with pressure-wire-based methods remains limited due to cost, technical and procedural complexities. The non-hyperaemic angiography-derived index of microcirculatory resistance (NH IMR<sub>angio</sub>) has been shown to reliably predict microvascular injury in patients with STEMI. We investigated the prognostic potential of NH IMR<sub>angio</sub> as a pressure-wire and adenosine-free tool. <b>Methods and Results:</b> NH IMR<sub>angio</sub> was retrospectively derived on the infarct-related artery at completion of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) in 262 prospectively recruited STEMI patients. Invasive pressure-wire-based assessment of the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) was performed. The combination of all-cause mortality, resuscitated cardiac arrest and new heart failure was the primary endpoint. NH IMR<sub>angio</sub> showed good diagnostic performance in identifying CMD (IMR > 40U); AUC 0.78 (95%CI: 0.72-0.84, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) with an optimal cut-off at 43U. The primary endpoint occurred in 38 (16%) patients at a median follow-up of 4.2 (2.0-6.5) years. On survival analysis, NH IMR<sub>angio</sub> > 43U (log-rank test, <i>p</i> < 0.001) was equivalent to an IMR > 40U(log-rank test, <i>p</i> = 0.02) in predicting the primary endpoint (hazard ratio comparison <i>p</i> = 0.91). NH IMRangio > 43U was an independent predictor of the primary endpoint (adjusted HR 2.13, 95% CI: 1.01-4.48, <i>p</i> = 0.047). <b>Conclusion:</b> NH IMR<sub>angio</sub> is prognostically equivalent to invasively measured IMR and can be a feasible alternative to IMR for risk stratification in patients presenting with STEMI.
Electronic Distinction between Porphyrins and Tetraazaporphyrins. Insights from X-Ray Photoelectron Spectra of Free Base Porphyrin, Porphyrazine, and Phthalocyanine Ligands (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectronic Distinction between Porphyrins and Tetraazaporphyrins. Insights from X-Ray Photoelectron Spectra of Free Base Porphyrin, Porphyrazine, and Phthalocyanine LigandsAbhik Ghosh, Jeffrey Fitzgerald, Paul G. Gassman, and Jan AlmlofCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 26, 6057–6060Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00104a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00104a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views566Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Highly Luminescent Gels and Mesogens Based on Elaborated Borondipyrromethenes (2006)

Supramolecular gels and liquid-crystalline materials containing borondipyrromethene (F-Bodipy) are a new class of highly luminescent materials built by attachment of long-chain alkoxydiacylamido scaffoldings to boradiazaindacene templates. Robust gels were formed in nonane, and luminescence spectroscopy was used to probe the aggregation processes of the flat indacene cores. Coincidently, columnar mesophase was obtained from the pure material over a wide temperature range, allowing textural observations by fluorescence microscopy.
A unified algorithm framework for quality control of sensor data for behavioural clinimetric testing (2017)

The use of smartphone and wearable sensing technology for objective, non-invasive and remote clinimetric testing of symptoms has considerable potential. However, the clinimetric accuracy achievable with such technology is highly reliant on separating the useful from irrelevant or confounded sensor data. Monitoring patient symptoms using digital sensors outside of controlled, clinical lab settings creates a variety of practical challenges, such as unavoidable and unexpected user behaviours. These behaviours often violate the assumptions of clinimetric testing protocols, where these protocols are designed to probe for specific symptoms. Such violations are frequent outside the lab, and can affect the accuracy of the subsequent data analysis and scientific conclusions. At the same time, curating sensor data by hand after the collection process is inherently subjective, laborious and error-prone. To address these problems, we report on a unified algorithmic framework for automated sensor data quality control, which can identify those parts of the sensor data which are sufficiently reliable for further analysis. Algorithms which are special cases of this framework for different sensor data types (e.g. accelerometer, digital audio) detect the extent to which the sensor data adheres to the assumptions of the test protocol for a variety of clinimetric tests. The approach is general enough to be applied to a large set of clinimetric tests and we demonstrate its performance on walking, balance and voice smartphone-based tests, designed to monitor the symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
A Method of Breast Reconstruction with a Deepithelialized TRAM Flap via the Abdominal Approach for Failed Implant Salvage in Postmastectomy Patients (1997)

Postmastectomy reconstruction of breasts is one of the most commonly performed procedures of the plastic surgeon today. Tissue expansion with subsequent implant placement, transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flaps, latissimus dorsi flaps, gluteal flaps, Ruben's fat pad flaps, and free flaps from other areas have all been utilized with consistently good aesthetic results. One special class of patient is the woman who has undergone breast reconstruction with tissue expansion, with or without subsequent implant placement, who than receives external beam radiation therapy. Capsular contraction frequently complicates this therapy. In the past, women have undergone capsulotomy or capsulectomy with replacement of the implant. Recently, women are more reluctant to have foreign tissue in their bodies and are opting for autologous tissue reconstructions. TRAM reconstruction following removal of implants has been previously reported. A new approach to the placement of the TRAM flap after implant reconstruction via the abdominal approach, with avoidance of any incision on the breast itself, is presented. This is especially important in a patient who has evidence of radiation damage to the skin, placing any incision through the treated tissue at risk.
Treatment of Medial Collateral Ligament Injury During Total Knee Arthroplasty With Internal Suture Brace Augmentation: A Cadaveric and Biomechanical Study (2022)

Intraoperative medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a serious complication. External bracing and/or conversion to a constrained implant has previously been studied. The technique of using an internal high-strength suture brace to augment an MCL repair has been evaluated in the nonarthroplasty patient and could provide an alternate solution. The goal of this study was to determine whether MCL repair with internal suture bracing restores stability of the implanted knee joint. A robotic simulator completed laxity testing on 5 cadaveric knee specimens in 4 sequential phases: (1) intact knee, (2) after implantation with TKA, (3) after sectioning of the MCL, and (4) after MCL repair with suture brace augmentation. Laxity was compared between the different test phases throughout range of motion. Subsequently, the internal brace was tested to failure under valgus load. The MCL repair with internal bracing was effective at restoring laxity in varus-valgus, internal-external, and medial-lateral degrees of freedom through midflexion, with limited support at deeper flexion angles and in anterior-posterior laxity. Rotational laxity was not significantly different than intact knee laxity. Generally, medial-lateral translations were less and anterior-posterior translations were greater and were significantly different at 30° to 45° and 90°, respectively. The mean failure moment was 46.4±9.1 Nm, with the primary mode of failure being MCL repair. Primary MCL repair with internal bracing using a high-strength suture augment showed the potential to provide adequate stability and strength to correct MCL incompetence in TKA without the use of an external knee brace or constrained implants. [<i>Orthopedics</i>. 2022;45(5):e269-e275.].
Rethinking accountable privacy supporting services (2008)

As privacy concerns among consumers rise, service providers will increasingly want to provide services that support privacy enhancing technologies. At the same time, providers of commercial services require the security of identifying misbehaving users. For instance, users that do not pay their bill can be held accountable for their behavior. We propose a scheme that permits privacy support while retaining accountability. In our proposed scheme an honest user may enjoy full anonymity, but dishonest users who do not pay their bill have their identity revealed. In contrast to existing revocable anonymity systems, our proposed scheme requires less trust in an external authority, while simultaneously making accountability easier (and less costly) to achieve. We contribute the concept of a time capsule, that is, a verifiable encryption with timed and revocable decryptability.
An overview of level set methods for etching, deposition, and lithography development (1997)

The range of surface evolution problems in etching, deposition, and lithography development offers significant challenge for numerical methods in front tracking. Level set methods for evolving interfaces are specifically designed for profiles which can develop sharp corners, change topology, and undergo orders of magnitude changes in speed. They are based on solving a Hamilton-Jacobi type equation for a level set function, using techniques borrowed from hyperbolic conservation laws. Over the past few years, a body of level set methods have been developed with application to microfabrication problems. In this paper, we give an overview of these techniques, describe the implementation in etching, deposition, and lithography simulations, and present a collection of fast level set methods, each aimed at a particular application. In the case of photoresist development and isotropic etching/deposition, the fast marching level set method, introduced by Sethian (1996), can track the three-dimensional photoresist process through a 200/spl times/200/spl times/200 rate function grid in under 55 s on a Sparc10. In the case of more complex etching and deposition, the narrow band level set method, introduced in Adalsteinsson and Sethian (1995), can be used to handle problems in which the speed of the interface delicately depends on the orientation of the interface versus an incoming beam, the effects of visibility, surface tension, reflection and re-emission, and complex three-dimensional effects. Our applications include photoresist development, etching/deposition problems under the effects of masking, visibility, complex flux integrations over sources, nonconvex sputter deposition problems, and simultaneous deposition and etch phenomena.
Effect of Polyethylene Glycol in Nanocellulose/PLA Composites (2019)

Poly (lactic acid) or PLA was reinforced by nanocellulose and polyethylene glycol (PEG), which were introduced into PLA matrix from 0 to 3 wt.% to enhance compatibility and strength of the PLA. The nanocellulose was prepared by TEMPO-mediated oxidation from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) powder and characterized by TEM, AFM, and XRD to reveal rod-like shaped nanocellulose with nanosized dimensions, high aspect ratio and high crystallinity. Films of nanocellulose/PEG/PLA nanocomposites were prepared by solvent casting method to evaluate the mechanical performance. It was found that the addition of PEG in nanocellulose-containing PLA films resulted in an increase in tensile modulus with only 1 wt% of PEG, where higher PEG concentrations negatively impacted the tensile strength. Furthermore, the tensile strength and modulus of nanocellulose/PEG/PLA nanocomposites were higher than the PLA/PEG composites due to the existence of nanocellulose chains. Visual traces of crazing were detailed to describe the deformation mechanism.
Polymerase chain reaction for fast, nonradioactive detection of high‐ and low‐risk papillomavirus types in routine cervical specimens and in biopsies (1989)

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure capable of amplifying specific DNA sequences by up to a millionfold was developed for detection of infection by human papillomaviruses (HPVs) of low (HPV6, HPV11) or high (HPV16, HPV18, HPV33) oncogenic potential. For high-risk HPVs the region chosen was within the E6 open reading frame, which can become integrated into genomic DNA. A region corresponding to this was chosen for low-risk HPVs. After repeated cycles of specific oligonucleotide-primed extension of viral DNA with Klenow or thermophilic DNA polymerase, the type of HPV present was then determined on the basis of the size of the ethidium-bromide-stained band visible after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis: for HPV6 or 11 the band was approximately 120 bp, for HPV 16 or 33 it was approximately 200 bp, and for HPV18 it was approximately 100 bp. Specific hybridization to the relevant band was seen using radioactive or nonradioactive (alkaline-phosphatase-linked) target oligonucleotide probes. Using the PCR method, we have determined, within as little as a few hours, the infection status of a variety of clinical specimens, including cervical scrapes and lavages, anal scrapes, and anogenital biopsies. The PCR steps can be automated, adding to the potential of PCR for widespread use in the detection of HPV, which is becoming increasingly popular in cervical screening.