gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A dynamic association between myosteatosis and liver stiffness: Results from a prospective interventional study in obese patients (2021)

The fat content in skeletal muscles (or myosteatosis) is strongly associated with liver stiffness in obese patients with MAFLD. After a dietary intervention, patients in which the degree of myosteatosis decreased also reduced their liver stiffness. The potential contribution of myosteatosis to liver disease progression should be investigated.
Peer Review #2 of "An elaborate data set on human gait and the effect of mechanical perturbations (v0.1)" (2015)

Here we share a rich gait data set collected from fifteen subjects walking at three speeds on an instrumented treadmill.Each trial consists of 120 seconds of normal walking and 480 seconds of walking while being longitudinally perturbed during each stance phase with pseudo-random fluctuations in the speed of the treadmill belt.A total of approximately 1.5 hours of normal walking (>5000 gait cycles) and 6 hours of perturbed walking (>20,000 gait cycles) is included in the data set.We provide full body marker trajectories and ground reaction loads in addition to a presentation of processed data that includes gait events, 2D joint angles, angular rates, and joint torques along with the open source software used for the computations.The protocol is described in detail and supported with additional elaborate meta data for each trial.This data can likely be useful for validating or generating mathematical models that are capable of simulating normal periodic gait and non-periodic, perturbed gaits.
Offensive Phalli and Frigid Caps (2002)

Abstract This chapter discusses phallic mushrooms. Phallic mushrooms belong to a large group of fungi that includes the more familiar organisms that generate brackets on trees and buttons and portabella caps. These organisms are members of a group of fungi called the Basidiomycota, a name that refers to a special kind of spore or microscopic seed called the basidiospore. Thirty thousand species of basidiomycete have been described by scientists, and seventy or so are phallic mushrooms and related fungi that manufacture smelly cages.
Akutes Wandhämatom des Truncus coeliacus (2002)

The report describes a previously healthy 24-year-old women presenting with acute abdominal pain following a hyperextension manoeuvre. The key finding of a continuous bruit with systolic and diastolic components in the epigastric region subsequently led to the diagnosis of an intramural haematoma of the coeliac artery, that caused a subtotal occlusion of the artery. The diagnosis was achieved by both colour-coded duplex sonography and magnetic resonance angiography. The case shows that a conservative management rather than operative reconstruction is justified in an oligo-symptomatic situation with no signs of end-organ damage as in this patient.
ChemInform Abstract: Addressing Challenges in Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Couplings of Aryl Mesylates: Monoarylation of Ketones and Primary Alkyl Amines. (2013)

Abstract For the first time examples of enolate α‐arylation employing aryl mesylate coupling partners and amination of inexpensive phenol derivatives with primary aliphatic amines are developed.
Ballistic hole transport in a quantum wire (2005)

We report ballistic hole conduction in 2μm long GaAs quantum wires of nominal cross-section 15 nm by 15 nm. In each of eight test wires, we observe several quantized conduction steps of approximate height 0.77e2∕h. The wires were fabricated using the cleaved edge overgrowth molecular-beam epitaxy process, and the modulation-doped acceptors were incorporated using a carbon filament as the source of atomic carbon.
Exogenous delivery of chaperonin subunit fragment ApiCCT1 modulates mutant Huntingtin cellular phenotypes (2013)

Aggregation of misfolded proteins is characteristic of a number of neurodegenerative diseases, including Huntington disease (HD). The CCT/TRiC (chaperonin containing TCP-1/TCP-1 ring) chaperonin complex can inhibit aggregation and cellular toxicity induced by expanded repeat Huntingtin (mHtt) fragments. The substrate-binding apical domain of CCT/TRiC subunit CCT1, ApiCCT1, is sufficient to inhibit aggregation of expanded repeat mHtt fragments in vitro, providing therapeutic promise for HD. However, a key hurdle in considering ApiCCT1 as a potential treatment is in delivery. Because ApiCCT1 has a region of similarity to the HIV Tat protein cell-transduction domain, we tested whether recombinant ApiCCT1 (ApiCCT1(r)) protein could enter cells following exogenous delivery and modulate an established panel of mHtt-mediated cell-based phenotypes. Cell fractionation studies demonstrate that exogenous ApiCCT1(r) can penetrate cell membranes and can localize to the nucleus, consistent with a strategy that can target both cytosolic and nuclear pathogenic events in HD. ApiCCT1(r) application does indeed modulate HD cellular phenotypes by decreasing formation of visible inclusions, fibrillar oligomers, and insoluble mHtt derived from expression of a truncated mHtt exon 1 fragment. ApiCCT1(r) also delays the onset of inclusion body formation as visualized via live imaging. ApiCCT1(r) reduces mHtt-mediated toxicity in immortalized striatal cells derived from full-length knock-in HD mice, suggesting that therapeutic benefit may extend beyond effects on aggregation. These studies provide the basis for a potentially robust and unique therapeutic strategy to target mHtt-mediated protein pathogenesis.
Critical considerations in the design of supersonic combustion ramjet /scramjet/ engines (1981)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Disposable roll-to-roll hot embossed electrophoresis chip for detection of antibiotic resistance genemecA in bacteria (2011)

We present a high-throughput roll-to-roll (R2R) manufacturing process for foil-based polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) chips of excellent optical quality. These disposable, R2R hot embossed microfluidic chips are used for the identification of the antibiotic resistance gene mecA in Staphylococcus epidermidis. R2R hot embossing is an emerging manufacturing technology for polymer microfluidic devices. It is based on continuous feeding of a thermoplastic foil through a pressurized area between a heated embossing cylinder and a blank counter cylinder. Although mass fabrication of foil-based microfluidic chips and their use for biological applications were foreseen already some years ago, no such studies have been published previously.
Investigation of Dual-Vortical-Flow Hybrid Rocket Engine without Flame Holding Mechanism (2018)

A 250 kgf thrust hybrid rocket engine was designed, tested, and verified in this work. Due to the injection and flow pattern of this engine, this engine was named dual-vortical-flow engine. This propulsion system uses N 2 O as oxidizer and HDPE as fuel. This engine was numerically investigated using a CFD tool that can handle reacting flow with finite-rate chemistry and coupled with the real-fluid model. The engine was further verified via a hot-fire test for 12 s. The ground I sp of the engine was 232 s and 221 s for numerical and hot-fire tests, respectively. An oscillation frequency with an order of 100 Hz was observed in both numerical and hot-fire tests with less than 5% of pressure oscillation. Swirling pattern on the fuel surface was also observed in both numerical and hot-fire test, which proves that this swirling dual-vortical-flow engine works exactly as designed. The averaged regression rate of the fuel surface was found to be 0.6~0.8 mm/s at the surface of disk walls and 1.5~1.7 mm/s at the surface of central core of the fuel grain.
On the wavelength assignment problem of multi-channel photonic dual bus networks (2002)

In a multi-channel photonic dual bus network, each unidirectional bus contains a control channel and several data channels (wavelengths), and each station has n tunable transmitters and m tunable receivers. Given a set of serving traffic and a set of new traffic requests, the wavelength assignment problem ((n,m)-WAP) is to assign the transmission wavelengths and receiving wavelengths of each station so that all the traffic requests can be served simultaneously and the number of assigned wavelengths is minimized. In this paper, we prove that the (n,m)-WAP is NP-complete by showing that the simplified version of the (n,m)-WAP (SWAP, or (1,1)-WAP), in which each station has only one tunable transmitter and one tunable receiver, is NP-complete. An efficient distributed wavelength assignment algorithm (DWAA) is proposed for the (1,m)-WAP. The throughput and delay characteristics of the DWAA is evaluated by simulation. Simulation results show that for a limited number of available wavelengths, the solutions obtained by the DWAA is attractive in terms of throughput, access delay, as well as fairness, under general traffic demands.
Edge Guided GANs with Semantic Preserving for Semantic Image Synthesis (2020)

We propose a novel Edge guided Generative Adversarial Network (EdgeGAN) for photo-realistic image synthesis from semantic layouts. Although considerable improvement has been achieved, the quality of synthesized images is far from satisfactory due to two largely unresolved challenges. First, the semantic labels do not provide detailed structural information, making it difficult to synthesize local details and structures. Second, the widely adopted CNN operations such as convolution, down-sampling and normalization usually cause spatial resolution loss and thus are unable to fully preserve the original semantic information, leading to semantically inconsistent results (e.g., missing small objects). To tackle the first challenge, we propose to use the edge as an intermediate representation which is further adopted to guide image generation via a proposed attention guided edge transfer module. Edge information is produced by a convolutional generator and introduces detailed structure information. Further, to preserve the semantic information, we design an effective module to selectively highlight class-dependent feature maps according to the original semantic layout. Extensive experiments on two challenging datasets show that the proposed EdgeGAN can generate significantly better results than state-of-the-art methods. The source code and trained models are available at this https URL.
Monitoring gradient formation in a jet aerated bioreactor (2018)

Jet aerated loop reactors (JLRs) provide high mass transfer coefficients (k<sub>L</sub>a) and can be used for the intensification of mass transfer limited reactions. The jet loop reactor achieves higher k<sub>L</sub>a values than a stirred tank reactor (STR). The improvement relies on significantly higher local power inputs (∼10<sup>4</sup>) than those obtainable with the STR. Operation at high local turnover rates requires efficient macromixing, otherwise reactor inhomogeneities might occur. If sufficient homogenization is not achieved, the selectivity of the reaction and the respective yields are decreased. Therefore, the balance between mixing and mass transfer in jet loop reactors is a critical design aspect. Monitoring the dissolved oxygen levels during the turnover of a steady sodium sulfite feed implied the abundance of gradients in the JLR. Prolonged mixing times at identical power input and aeration rates (∼100%) were identified for the JLR in comparison to the STR. The insertion of a draft tube to the JLR led to a more homogenous dissolved oxygen distribution, but unfortunately a reduction of mixing time was not achieved. In case of increased medium viscosities as they may arise in high cell density cultivations, no gradient formation was detected. However, differences in medium viscosity significantly altered the mass transfer and mixing performance of the JLR.
Digital signal transmission (1993)

From the Publisher:
Aimed at enabling readers to understand the fundamental concepts and processes, this volume provides a thorough up-to-date foundation in the concepts of modern digital transmission for undergraduate study in telecommunications.
Preparation of cellulose derivatives via ring-opening reactions with cyclic reagents in lithium chloride/N,N-dimethylacetamide (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of cellulose derivatives via ring-opening reactions with cyclic reagents in lithium chloride/N,N-dimethylacetamideCharles L. McCormick and Timothy R. DawseyCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 15, 3606–3610Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00217a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00217a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1664Altmetric-Citations109LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
HLA‐B35 and acute axonal polyneuropathy following Campylobacter infection (1991)

We performed HLA typing for class I antigens on five Japanese patients with acute polyneuropathy following Campylobacter infection, all of whom showed axonopathy causing pure motor dysfunction associated with IgG anti-GM1 antibodies. We demonstrated a statistically significant association between the disease and the HLA-B35 antigen.
Cellular fusion for gene delivery to SCA1 affected Purkinje neurons (2011)

Cerebellar Purkinje neurons (PNs) possess a well characterized propensity to fuse with bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs), producing heterokaryons with Purkinje cell identities. This offers the potential to rescue/repair at risk or degenerating PNs in the inherited ataxias, including Spinocerebellar Ataxia 1 (SCA1), by introducing therapeutic factors through BMDCs to potentially halt or reverse disease progression. In this study, we combined gene therapy and a stem cell-based treatment to attempt repair of at-risk PNs through cell-cell fusion in a Sca1(154Q/2Q) knock-in mouse model. BMDCs enriched for the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) population were genetically modified using adeno-associated viral vector 7 (AAV7) to carry SCA1 modifier genes and transplanted into irradiated Sca1(154Q/2Q) mice. Binucleated Purkinje heterokaryons with sex-mismatched donor Y chromosomes were detected and successfully expressed the modifier genes in vivo. Potential effects of the new genome within Purkinje heterokaryons were evaluated using nuclear inclusions (NIs) as a biological marker to reflect possible modifications of the SCA1 disease process. An overall decrease in number of NIs and an increase in the number of surviving PNs were observed in treated Sca1(154Q/2Q). Furthermore, Bergmann glia were found to have fusogenic potential with the donor population and reveal another potential route of therapeutic entry into at-risk cells of the SCA1 cerebellum. This study presents a first step towards a proof-of-principle that combines somatic cellular fusion events with a neuroprotective gene therapy approach for providing potential neuronal protection/repair in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders.
Ultradense Synthetic Gene Brushes on a Chip (2009)

Dense brushes of linear DNA polymers are assembled on a biochip with approximately 30 nm between anchorage points, amounting to a few mega-base-pairs/microm(3). In bulk solution, a barrier incurs to conjugate more than two end-functionalized DNAs. However, such doublets bind the surface with almost equal efficiency to singlets, suggesting that extended brush buildup reduces the barrier. On-chip transcription reveals that doublets are roughly 2-fold inefficient compared to singlets, a manifestation of the interaction of the enzymatic machinery with the dense brush. Synthetic gene brushes made of DNA conjugates provide simple means to regulate expression on a chip.
UV grafting: surface modification of cellulose nanofibers without the use of organic solvents (2019)

Polymers were grafted from the surfaces of cellulose nanofibers by UV irradiation with an organic solvent-free process.
Interfaces and Microstructures in Materials (2013)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Interfaces in Materials Practical Implications Summary and Outlook References
Arthroscopic treatment of osteochondritis dissecans of the scaphoid (1988)

Osteochondritis dissecans of the carpal scaphoid has been reported only rarely in the literature. A 29-year-old, right-hand-dominant oil-field worker with symptomatic osteochondritis dissecans of the left carpal scaphoid was treated by arthroscopic debridement and drilling of the lesion. Preliminary follow-up at 9 months revealed a dramatic relief in his symptoms.
Proteomics of Smad4 regulated transforming growth factor-beta signalling in colon cancer cells (2010)

TGF-β signalling can play a paradoxical cell type specific role in cancer progression. Smad4 is a key mediator of the TGF-β pathway, and is mutated and/or deleted in many cancers. To investigate Smad4 regulated TGF-β signalling in colon cancer we conducted an iTRAQ mass spectrometry quantitative screen using wild type SW480 (Smad4 negative) colon carcinoma cells and stably restored Smad4 positive SW480 cells. In cells possessing a restored canonical TGF-β signalling pathway, 48 h TGF-β stimulation induced the expression of 15 proteins and repressed 1 protein, while in Smad4 wild type cells, TGF-β induced 7 proteins and repressed 2 proteins. The expression of several S100 protein family members (A2, A4, A10, and A11), transgelin-2 and AKAP12, amongst others, were shown to be regulated by TGF-β in a Smad4 dependent manner. We observed that S100 A4 could be repressed by TGF-β, independently of Smad4 expression, while other Smad4 independent TGF-β responses were restricted to induction of ribosomes and cytoskeletal proteins. Our proteomic screen has identified new Smad4 dependent and independent TGF-β responses in colon carcinoma cells.
Identification of sulfonyl‐loxoprofen as novel phase 2 conjugate in rat (2019)

Loxoprofen is a prodrug that exerts strong analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects through its active trans-alcohol metabolite, which is produced in the liver by carbonyl reductase. Previous metabolic studies have evaluated loxoprofen, but its sulfate and taurine conjugates have not yet been studied. We characterized the metabolomic profile of loxoprofen in rat plasma, urine, and feces using high-resolution mass spectrometry. We identified 17 metabolites of loxoprofen in the three different biological matrices, 13 of which were detected in plasma and feces and 16 in urine. Amongst these metabolites, two novel taurine conjugates (M12 and M13) and two novel acyl glucuronides (M14, M15) were identified for the first time in rats. In addition, we detected three novel sulfate conjugates (M9, M10, and M11) of loxoprofen. Further study of these metabolites of loxoprofen is essential in order to assess their potency and toxicity.
Efficient Crosstalk Mitigation of OAM Based 400-Gbit/s QPSK Data Transmission in 1.1-km Vortex Fiber by Using Soft-Decision LDPC Codes (2013)

The efficient mitigation of crosstalk-induced “error floor” in system performance by using soft-decoding LDPC codes in an OAM-based four modes multiplexed fiber transmission system is experimentally demonstrated. A significant coding gain of &gt;15.5 dB is achieved, depending on the amount of crosstalk from other channels.
Stakes and Chips (2006)

Abstract Gambling has provided centuries of inspiration to probabilists and statisticians. The process continues. There also exist fundamental links between betting and a newer subject, Information Theory, which began with Claude Shannon and his ground-breaking 1948 paper A Mathematical Theory of Communication. It is a result which arises very naturally. A successful gambler and a successful data compression algorithm must both accurately estimate probability distributions. There are practical results as well as theoretical: Shannon and colleagues, including the legendary gambler and mathematician Edward Thorp, actually attempted to apply results from information theory in Las Vegas casinos and stock market transactions. Oliver Johnson examines the connections.
Novel, organosoluble, light‐colored fluorinated polyimides based on 2,2′‐bis(4‐amino‐2‐trifluoromethylphenoxy)biphenyl or 2,2′‐bis(4‐amino‐2‐trifluoromethylphenoxy)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl (2004)

Abstract Two series of fluorinated polyimides were prepared from 2,2′‐bis(4‐amino‐2‐trifluoromethylphenoxy)biphenyl ( 2 ) and 2,2′‐bis(4‐amino‐2‐trifluoromethylphenoxy)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl ( 4 ) with various aromatic dianhydrides via a conventional, two‐step procedure that included a ring‐opening polyaddition to give poly(amic acid)s, followed by chemical or thermal cyclodehydration. The inherent viscosities of the polyimides ranged from 0.54 to 0.73 and 0.19 to 0.36 dL/g, respectively. All the fluorinated polyimides were soluble in many polar organic solvents, such as N , N ‐dimethylacetamide and N ‐methylpyrrolidone, and afforded transparent and light‐colored films via solution‐casting. These polyimides showed glass‐transition temperatures in the ranges of 222–280 and 257–351 °C by DSC, softening temperatures in the range of 264–301 °C by thermomechanical analysis, and a decomposition temperature for 10% weight loss above 520 °C both in nitrogen and air atmospheres. The polyimides had low moisture absorptions of 0.23–0.58%, low dielectric constants of 2.84–3.61 at 10 kHz, and an ultraviolet–visible absorption cutoff wavelength at 351–434 nm. Copolyimides derived from the same dianhydrides with an equimolar mixture of 4,4′‐oxydianiline and diamine 2 or 4 were also prepared and characterized. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 2416–2431, 2004
Effects of injected leukemia inhibitory factor on hematopoietic and other tissues in mice (1990)

Purified bacterially synthesized recombinant murine leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) was injected in varying doses for up to 2 weeks into adult DBA/2 and C3H/HeJ mice. At high doses (2 micrograms, three times daily) LIF exhibited toxic effects seen as behavioral changes, loss of body fat, and thymus atrophy. Dose-related rises were observed in blood platelets, erythrocyte sedimentation rates, and serum calcium to albumin ratios, including dose schedules with no toxic effects. LIF induced a decrease in bone marrow cell numbers, particularly in marrow lymphocytes, and a moderate increase in spleen weight with a reduction in spleen lymphocytes and an elevation of erythroid populations. LIF- injected mice showed a rise in megakaryocytes up to twofold in the marrow and fivefold in the spleen, with an associated 10-fold rise in megakaryocyte progenitor cells in the spleen. Comparable rises in other types of progenitor cells were also observed in the spleen. The observed changes indicate the biologic activity of LIF in vivo and are consistent with the known wide range of in vitro actions of this molecule. The ability of LIF to elevate megakaryocyte and platelet levels suggests a potential clinical application of LIF in the treatment of thrombocytopenias.