gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Implementation of a Reduced Latency MAC Sublayer for High-Speed Ethernet Applications (2023)

Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) recently developed a new high-speed data link with low latency and data prioritization as part of the Data Line Control subsystem. The project team worked on designing and testing the hardware and FPGA IP to provide the lowest latency possible for the current specification while maintaining the reliability of the PHY Ethernet sublayer. The data link consists of a single Advanced Extensible Interface (AXI) into two custom Media Access Control (MAC) blocks on an FPGA. The MACs each control separate 1 Gb Physical Layer Transfer ICs with a max throughput of 2 gigabits. The AXI is routed into the MAC IP that prioritizes data and transmits to the PHY at a latency of <50ns. This paper will focus on the design concepts, the functionality of the data link, lessons learned, and how the connection can be developed for different high-speed Ethernet applications in the future.
Paint flow and pigment dispersion (1964)

Paint flow and pigment dispersion , Paint flow and pigment dispersion , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Vibrationally assisted quantum energy pumps (2015)

We show that directed energy transport in a linear array of coupled quantum dots can be achieved by a coherent coupling of each dot to a single coherently driven mechanical mode. Recent work on light harvesting molecules have implicated the role of discrete mechanical modes in enhancing the energy transport through dipole arrays but say less about directed transport. The study of quantum ratchets indicates how directed energy transport is possible in quantum dot arrays. Inspired by these two apparently unrelated models we show how directed energy transport may be implemented in an engineered quantum systems using a single mechanical degree of freedom. This may have implications for nano-engineered artificial energy harvesting systems.
Tumor‐Associated MUC1 Tandem‐Repeat Glycopeptide Microarrays to Evaluate Serum– and Monoclonal–Antibody Specificity (2009)

Zuckersüße Diagnose: Ein Mikroarray von Sialyl-TN- und TN-Tandem-Repeat-Mucin-Glycopeptiden wurde entwickelt (siehe Bild) und verwendet, um die Spezifität von Serumantikörpern zu untersuchen, die durch Immunisierung von Mäusen mit synthetischen Krebsvakzinen erzeugt worden waren.
Le renouveau des triglycérides (2000)

Apres des annees de controverse, le role des triglycerides est mieux compris. En effet une meilleure connaissance du role pathologique des triglycerides, de leur metabolisme, du mecanisme d'action des fibrates et de nouvelles donnees epidemiologiques viennent renforcer les suspicions de role deletere de ce facteur de risque tant debattu. Toutefois il reste difficile de conclure formellement sur un role direct des triglycerides car il n'existe pas de traitement permettant specifiquement d'abaisser les triglycerides sans action pleiotrope. En effet les fibrates ou les huiles de poisson ont des effets annexes (par exemple sur le HDL-cholesterol pour les fibrates, sur les plaquettes et les troubles du rythme pour les huiles de poisson) qui pourraient expliquer les benefices cliniques observes dans les grandes etudes. Seul un essai controle avec un hypotriglyceridemiant pur qui n'existe pas permettrait de mettre un terme a la discussion. Le role des triglycerides peut toutefois etre analyse sous les angles cliniques, epidemiologiques, physiopathologiques et therapeutiques. Les consequences pratiques pour le clinicien des donnees recentes sont la necessite de doser les triglycerides dans tout bilan lipidique, de considerer le patient hypertriglyceridemique comme etant a risque vasculaire et de discuter au cas par cas l'approche therapeutique.
Using a Large Ensemble of Crop Models to Simulate the Climate Sensitivity of Wheat Yields Across a European Transect (2015)

This study was conducted as part of the impact uncertainty research of the crop modelling (CropM) component of MASUR, a project funded by national funding agencies and the EC.
Mechanisms of Isomerization of Sym-Monothiopyrophosphates (1987)

Abstract The detailed mechanistic studies of the thiolo-thiono isomerization of monothiopyrophosphate 1 is presented. The application of isotopic tracers and isotopic effects kinetic methods provide evidence for two distinct mechanisms: SN2(P) reaction induced by external anionic species and the dissociative isomerization proceeding via ion pairs and ions.
[Age specific reference ranges and clinical trial for complexed prostate specific antigen (cPSA)]. (2006)

We compared the complexed PSA (cPSA) reference range of values by age against that for total PSA. The subjects were 1,210 men who underwent a complete medical checkup at our center between September and November 2003. We found an upward trend of the measured values associated with age and defined a set of expected result range by age groups. The cPSA 95th percentile upper limit value increased across all age groups: for men under 40 years, 1.38ng/ml: for men 40 to 49 years, 1.60ng/ml; for men 50 to 59 years, 2.25 ng/ml; for men 60 to 69 years, 2.50 ng/ml; and for men 70 years older, 4.31 ng/ml (The number of subjects in each group was 153, 323, 429, 220 and 77). The total PSA also increased with age: 1.85 ng/ml, 2.11 ng/ml, 2.80 ng/ml, 4.20 ng/ml, and 5.69 ng/ml, respectively. We also compared other prostatic tumor markers in urology patients.
Histamine regulates mucin expression through H1 receptor in airway epithelial cells (2012)

Histamine increased MUC2 gene expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Peak response was reached at 12 h after histamine administration. MUC2 protein production was also dose-dependently increased, while it decreased with time in NCI-H292 cells. Pretreatment with histamine at a concentration of 1 mM induced MUC2 mRNAand protein production, which was equivalent to that caused by 10 µg/ml LPS, but less than that of 0.5 µM PMA. Histamine-induced MUC2 mRNA expression and mucin secretion were significantly suppressed by pretreatment with H1R antagonist.
A NOVEL SELECTIVE EXTRACORPOREAL INTERVENTION IN SEPSIS (2007)

In sepsis, endotoxin, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and complement-activation product 5a (C5a) trigger inflammatory cascades resulting in monocytic deactivation. When this occurs, the outcome is often uncontrolled infection, multiple organ dysfunction, and death. We tested here whether simultaneous reduction of systemic endotoxin, IL-6, and C5a levels could be achieved via selective extracorporeal immunoadsorption (IA) and whether this would restore monocytic responsiveness and improve organ function. Therefore, 33 patients with severe sepsis or septic shock were enrolled in a prospective, 1:2 case-control matched, blinded endpoint evaluation trial. In addition to best supportive care, 11 of these patients (mean age, 57.8 +/- 2.2 years; Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, 23.7 +/- 1.6) received simultaneous endotoxin IA, IL-6 IA, and C5a IA on 5 consecutive days for 7.5 h each. Our observational end points were the course of monocytic immunity (monocytic HLA-DR expression) and other indices of inflammation and disease severity. In patients receiving IA, the mean circulating level of IL-6 was reduced from 361.7 +/- 116.0 to 38.2 +/- 15.2 pg/mL (P = 0.02), and of C5a from 297.6 +/- 43.1 to 79.2 +/- 14.5 ng/mL (P < 0.001). Two indices of endotoxemia were reduced also. Treated patients had lower C-reactive protein and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores at day 7 (P = 0.004 and P = 0.0001, respectively). Monocytic HLA-DR improved in the treated patients but not in controls (P < 0.0001). Under treatment, HLA-DR was found to recover in all patients with immunoparalysis (4,993.6 +/- 1,162 to 15,295.3 +/- 2,197 molecules per cell; P = 0.002). Here, we demonstrate that simultaneously reducing circulating endotoxin, IL-6, and C5a levels by selective IA reverses monocytic deactivation and improves organ system functions. This novel strategy might open a new therapeutic avenue for an interventional extracorporeal treatment of patients with sepsis.
Pangolin: A Fault-Tolerant Persistent Memory Programming Library (2019)

Non-volatile main memory (NVMM) allows programmers to build complex, persistent, pointer-based data structures that can offer substantial performance gains over conventional approaches to managing persistent state. This programming model removes the file system from the critical path which improves performance, but it also places these data structures out of reach of file system-based fault tolerance mechanisms (e.g., block-based checksums or erasure coding). Without fault-tolerance, using NVMM to hold critical data will be much less attractive. This paper presents Pangolin, a fault-tolerant persistent object library designed for NVMM. Pangolin uses a combination of checksums, parity, and micro-buffering to protect an application's objects from both media errors and corruption due to software bugs. It provides these protections for objects of any size and supports automatic, online detection of data corruption and recovery. The required storage overhead is small (1% for gigabyte-sized pools of NVMM). Pangolin provides stronger protection, requires orders of magnitude less storage overhead, and achieves comparable performance relative to the current state-of-the-art fault-tolerant persistent object library.
Trays inhibit foaming (1992)

Polymerisation plugging associated with foaming is avoided in a high-thruput unit at the DSM petrochemical plant in the Nederlands (Geleen) by revamping the 1,3-butadiene column with Multiple Downcomer (MD) trays. The trays were designed to function near, or in, the spray regime of tray hydraulics. In this case of the butadiene extractive distillation column where dimethylformamide (DMF) is used as the solvent, severe foam-induced problems were eliminated, and a capacity increase was effected
Search for the standard model Higgs boson produced in association with a vector boson and decaying into a tau pair inppcollisions ats=8  TeVwith the ATLAS detector (2016)

A search for the standard model Higgs boson produced in association with a vector boson with the decay $H\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\tau}$ is presented. The data correspond to $20.3\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of integrated luminosity from proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC during 2012. The data agree with the background expectation, and 95% confidence-level upper limits are placed on the cross section of this process. The observed (expected) limit, expressed in terms of the signal strength $\ensuremath{\mu}=\ensuremath{\sigma}/{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\mathrm{SM}}$ for ${m}_{\mathrm{H}}=125\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$, is $\ensuremath{\mu}&lt;5.6$ (3.7). The measured value of the signal strength is $\ensuremath{\mu}=2.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.6$.
Creation and evaluation of software teams - a social approach (2014)

This work discusses an important issue in the area of human resource management by proposing a novel model for creation and evaluation of software teams. The model consists of several assessments, including a technical test, a quality of life test and a psychological-sociological test. Since the technical test requires particular organisational specifications and cannot be examined without reference to a specific company, only the sociological test and the quality of life tests are extensively discussed in this work. Two strategies are discussed for assigning roles in a project. Initially, six software projects were selected and after extensive analysis of the projects, two projects were chosen and correctives actions were applied. An empirical evaluation was also conducted to assess the model’s effectiveness. The experimental results demonstrate that the application of the model improved the productivity of project teams.
Constant-Complexity Models for Wireless Channels (2006)

High-order full-state Markov (FSM) chains have been employed to model errors and losses in many wireless studies. The complexity of this modeling paradigm is an exponential function of a random process’ memory-length and hence the viability of FSM chains in resource-constrained wireless environments is severely limited. In this paper, we address an important yet unsettled question: What characteristics of high-order FSM chains should be captured by a low-complexity approximate model? We analytically derive vital guidelines for accurate approximation of an FSM chain of arbitrary memory-length. These guidelines lead to a novel constant-complexity model (CCM), which always comprises of five states irrespective of a process’ memory-length. Our trace-driven evaluations for 802.11b and GSM channels demonstrate that the 5 state CCM, while providing orders of magnitude reduction in complexity, is comparable to FSM chains and better than linear-complexity models.
Design of an Insulin Analog with Enhanced Receptor Binding Selectivity (2009)

Insulin binds with high affinity to the insulin receptor (IR) and with low affinity to the type 1 insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor (IGFR). Such cross-binding, which reflects homologies within the insulin-IGF signaling system, is of clinical interest in relation to the association between hyperinsulinemia and colorectal cancer. Here, we employ nonstandard mutagenesis to design an insulin analog with enhanced affinity for the IR but reduced affinity for the IGFR. Unnatural amino acids were introduced by chemical synthesis at the N- and C-capping positions of a recognition alpha-helix (residues A1 and A8). These sites adjoin the hormone-receptor interface as indicated by photocross-linking studies. Specificity is enhanced more than 3-fold on the following: (i) substitution of Gly(A1) by D-Ala or D-Leu, and (ii) substitution of Thr(A8) by diaminobutyric acid (Dab). The crystal structure of [D-Ala(A1),Dab(A8)]insulin, as determined within a T(6) zinc hexamer to a resolution of 1.35 A, is essentially identical to that of human insulin. The nonstandard side chains project into solvent at the edge of a conserved receptor-binding surface shared by insulin and IGF-I. Our results demonstrate that modifications at this edge discriminate between IR and IGFR. Because hyperinsulinemia is typically characterized by a 3-fold increase in integrated postprandial insulin concentrations, we envisage that such insulin analogs may facilitate studies of the initiation and progression of cancer in animal models. Future development of clinical analogs lacking significant IGFR cross-binding may enhance the safety of insulin replacement therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at increased risk of colorectal cancer.
A Case of Bile Duct Carcinoma with Situs Inversus Totalis (2009)

完全内臓逆位を伴った胆管癌の1例を経験したので報告する．症例は75歳の女性で，前医にて閉塞性黄疸を指摘され，当院へ紹介入院した．腹部CTで完全内臓逆位および胆管腫瘍による閉塞所見を認め，経皮経肝胆道造影検査にて肝門部胆管から中部胆管に隆起性の腫瘍性病変が認められた．以上より，胆管癌の診断にて，手術を施行した．開腹時，肝門部より膵内胆管まで広がる比較的やわらかい腫瘍が認められたため，胆管切除・リンパ節郭清術・胆管空腸吻合術を施行した．腫瘍は表層拡大進展を伴った乳頭型の早期胆管癌であり，病理組織学的には中分化型腺癌であった．完全内臓逆位に伴った胆管癌の本邦での報告は自験例を含め7例目であり報告した．
Carotid Embolectomy and Endarterectomy for Symptomatic Complete Occlusion of the Carotid Artery as a Rescue Therapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke (2011)

Emergency endarterectomy of an occluded internal carotid artery (ICA) has not been investigated as an option of rescue therapy for severe acute ischemic stroke in the era of intravenous (IV) thrombolysis treatment neither as a primary treatment nor after failed IV thrombolysis. Data from the pre-IV thrombolysis era are conflicting and therefore emergency endarterectomy has not been recommended. The number of patients reaching the emergency room within the IV thrombolysis time window has vastly grown due to advanced acute stroke treatment protocols. The efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy as a primary or add-on to IV thrombolysis therapy option is being actively investigated. We herein report 2 cases of acute ischemic stroke with computerized tomography (CT) angiography-documented occlusion of an ICA that were treated with emergency carotid endarterectomy and embolectomy to restore cerebral blood flow. Both cases presented with severe stroke symptoms and signs not responding to IV thrombolysis and showed severe CT-perfusion deficits mainly representing ischemic penumbra. Blood flow was surgically restored after 5 h of symptom onset. Both patients achieved a favorable outcome. We conclude that timely surgical approach of acute ICA occlusion after failed thrombolysis as a rescue therapy may be a viable option in well-selected patients.
Enhancing trappable antiproton populations through deceleration and frictional cooling (2012)

CERN currently delivers antiprotons for trapping experiments with the antiproton decelerator (AD), which slows the antiprotons down to about 5 MeV. This energy is currently too high for direct trapping, and thick foils are used to slow down the beam to energies which can be trapped. To allow further deceleration to $\ensuremath{\sim}100\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{keV}$, CERN is initiating the construction of ELENA, consisting of a ring which will combine rf deceleration and electron cooling capabilities. We describe a simple frictional cooling scheme that can serve to provide significantly improved trapping efficiency, either directly from the AD or first using a standard deceleration mechanism (induction linac or rf quadrupole). This scheme could be implemented in a short time. The device itself is short in length, uses accessible voltages, and at reasonable cost could serve in the interim before ELENA becomes operational, or possibly in lieu of ELENA for some experiments. Simple theory and simulations provide a preliminary assessment of the concept and its strengths and limitations, and highlight important areas for experimental studies, in particular to pin down the level of multiple scattering for low-energy antiprotons. We show that the frictional cooling scheme can provide a similar energy spectrum to that of ELENA, but with higher transverse emittances.
Characterization of spatial distribution of syphilis in China, 2011 (2014)

Objective To characterize the spatial distribution pattern of syphilis at the county level in China,and to provide a new method for syphilis surveillance and control.Methods A national geographic information system (GIS) database was developed based on reported cases of syphilis from all counties in China,2011.Exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) methods were used to study the frequency distribution of incidence,global and local spatial autocorrelation,of syphilis.Results The median incidence rate of syphilis was 21.17/100 000 (range:0.00-515.34/100 000; 25th percentile 9.28/100 000,75th percentile 43.00/100 000) in 2 925 counties in the mainland of China in 2011,with a highly positively skewed distribution (skewness =3.11).The global spatial autocorrelation analysis showed a positive spatial autocorrelation of syphilis incidence at the county level in China (global Moran's index =0.576 2,P ＜ 0.001),with the type of correlation being high-high cluster (General G index =0.033 1,P ＜ 0.001).The local spatial autocorrelation analysis delineated hot spots of syphilis (including primary and secondary syphilis,latent syphilis) at the county level.Totally,117 counties,which were mainly distributed in the Yangtze River delta region,northwest,northeastern and south China,were identified as hot spots for syphilis,with the incidence rate of primary or secondary syphilis being higher than 50/100 000.Conclusions The GIS and exploratory spatial data analysis,with the advantages of visualization and accurate localization,may serve as an important novel tool for syphilis surveillance and control.

Key words: 
Syphilis;  Geographic information systems;  Spatial analysis
Noninfectious rotavirus (strain RRV) induces an immune response in mice which protects against rotavirus challenge (1989)

We found that female adult mice parenterally inoculated with noninfectious rotavirus (simian strain RRV) developed virus-specific neutralizing antibodies in the serum; newborn mice from these dams were protected against RRV-induced gastroenteritis. In addition, mice parenterally inoculated with noninfectious RRV developed virus-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte precursors in the spleen. Replication of rotavirus in intestinal epithelial cells was apparently not required to induce rotavirus-neutralizing antibodies or rotavirus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Parenteral immunization of infants and young children with noninfectious rotaviruses may induce an immune response which protects against rotavirus challenge.
Kinetic Parameters and Diffusivity of Uranium in FLiNaK and ClLiK (2020)

Anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements at 773, 823, and 873 K were made of uranium trifluoride (UF 3 ) in lithium fluoride-sodium fluoride-potassium fluoride eutectic (FLiNaK) and uranium trichloride (UCl 3 ) in lithium chloride-potassium chloride eutectic (ClLiK). ASV data were used to estimate the charge transfer coefficients, exchange current densities, and activation energies of the uranium reactions. Charge transfer coefficients of both salt systems were within the range of 0.17 to 0.38. Exchange current densities in the fluoride and chloride salts were estimated within the range of 0.060 to 0.12 A cm −2 . Activation energy of uranium exchange current was 16.0 kJ mol −1 in the fluoride salt and 28.9 kJ mol −1 in the chloride salt. Kinetics of charge transfer were found to be faster in FLiNaK. Analyses of the CV data suggest the electrochemical system was diffusion controlled and irreversible in the chloride and fluoride salt mixtures. Diffusion coefficients of uranium in the range of temperatures were on the order of 10 −5 cm 2 s −1 in both systems. Greater values of diffusivity in ClLiK are attributed to its lower density compared with FLiNaK. Activation energy of uranium diffusion in the fluoride and chloride salt mixtures were 53.4 and 89.4 kJ mol −1 , respectively.
Resveratrol Content in Strawberry Fruit Is Affected by Preharvest Conditions (2007)

This study investigated the occurrence of resveratrol in Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne and the effect of preharvest conditions on resveratrol content. Both cis- and trans-resveratrol were detected in strawberry achenes (seeds) and pulp (receptacle tissue). Resveratrol was found to be higher in achenes than in fruit pulp. The levels of resveratrol were affected by genotype variations, fruit maturation, cultural practices, and environmental conditions. High growing temperature (25 and 30 degrees C) or enriched CO 2 in the atmosphere significantly enhanced resveratrol content of strawberries. Advancing maturation also increased resveratrol content. The mature pulp and achenes contained higher amounts of resveratrol than the immature fruit. Adding compost as a soil supplement or preharvest application of methyl jasmonate (MJ) also significantly enhanced the level of resveratrol in strawberry fruit. Among the plants grown in hill plasticulture, fruits of 'Ovation (B28)', 'Mohawwk', 'Earliglow', and 'B35' had higher amounts of resveratrol than fruits of other genotypes. 'Ovation' contained the highest amount of resveratrol among strawberries grown in matted row, whereas 'Latestar' contained the least. Ten of 14 tested genotypes (all except 'Allstar', 'Delmarvel', 'Northeaster', and 'MEUS 8') had higher amounts of resveratrol when grown in hill plasticulture compared to matted row.