gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Confrontation and support in bonobo-human discourse (2002)

As part of a program to explore the communicative abilities of bonobo apes within the human-ape culture at the Language Research Center at Georgia State University, we made two complementary analyses of a conversation between Sue Savage-Rumbaugh and Kanzi. We made both a conversation analysis and a lexico-grammatical analysis of their interaction. The conversation analysis revealed the participants negotiating the interpersonal meanings of confrontation and support, while the lexico-grammatical analysis revealed the ideational domain of the confrontation and support. Although many of the contributions of both participants did not fully express all the relevant meanings, both participants interpreted each others contributions in terms of their relevance to the patterns of interpersonal and ideational meanings being expressed in the conversation. We conclude that Kanzis considerable language abilities have been underestimated. First, Kanzi (despite his limited syntax) and Sue jointly construe a recognizable social world through discourse. Second, in exchanging discourse roles with Sue, Kanzi negotiates the asymmetrical power relation between himself and Sue. Finally, Kanzis accomplishment suggests that discourse semantics is a powerful motivation for the evolution of both interpersonal and ideational grammar.
Development of a Standard Code for Colored Graphs and its Application to Kinematic Chains (1992)

Abstract The development of an efficient solution procedure for the detection of isomorphism and canonical numbering of vertices of colored graphs is introduced. This computer based algorithm for colored graphs is formed by extending the standard code approach earlier developed for the canonical numbering of simple noncolored graphs, which fully utilizes the capabilities of symmetry analysis of such noncolored graphs. Its application to various kinematic chains and mechanisms is investigated with the aid of examples. The method never failed to produce unique codes, and is also found to be robust and efficient. Using this method, every kinematic chain and mechanism, as well as path generators and function generators, will have their own unique codes and a corresponding canonical numbering of their respective links. Thus, based on its efficiency and applicability, this method can be used as a universal standard code for identifying isomorphisms, as well as for enumerating nonisomorphic kinematic chains and mechanisms.
Implementing an Improved Stereoscopic Camera Model (2005)

The usable perceived depth range of all stereoscopic 3D displays is limited by human factors considerations to a bounded range around the plane of the display. To account for this our Three Region stereoscopic camera model is able to control the depth mapping from scene to display while allowing a defined region of interest in scene depth to have an improved perceived depth representation compared to other regions of the scene. This can be categorized as a focus+context algorithm that manipulates stereoscopic depth representation along the viewing axis of the camera. We present a new implementation of the Three Region stereoscopic camera model as a Utility plug-in for the popular modelling and rendering package 3ds max. We describe our user interface, designed to incorporate stereoscopic image generation into the users natural work flow. The implementation required us to overcome a number of technical challenges including; accurately measuring scene depth range, simulating asymmetric camera frustum in a system only supporting symmetric frustum, merging multiple renderings and managing anti-aliasing in layered images. We conclude from our implementation that it is possible to incorporate high quality stereoscopic camera models into standard graphics packages.
Cytokine-Facilitated Transduction Leads to Low-Level Engraftment in Nonablated Hosts (1997)

Using a murine bone marrow transplantation model, we evaluated the long-term engraftment of retrovirally transduced bone marrow cells in nonmyeloablated hosts. Male bone marrow was stimulated in a cocktail of interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-6, IL-11, and stem cell factor (SCF) for 48 hours, then cocultured on the retroviral producer line MDR18.1 for an additional 24 hours. Functional transduction of hematopoietic progenitors was detected in vitro by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification of multiple drug resistance 1 (MDR1) mRNA from high proliferative potential-colony forming cell (HPP-CFC) colonies. After retroviral transduction, male bone marrow cells were injected into nonablated female mice. Transplant recipients received three TAXOL (Bristol-Myers, Princeton, NJ) injections (10 mg/kg) over a 14-month period. Transplant recipient tissues were analyzed by Southern blot and fluorescence in situ hybridization for Y-chromosome-specific sequences and showed donor cell engraftment of approximately 9%. However, polymerase chain reaction amplification of DNAs from bone marrow, spleen, and peripheral blood showed no evidence of the transduced MDR1 gene. RT-PCR analysis of total bone marrow RNA showed that transcripts from the MDR1 gene were present in a fraction of the engrafted donor cells. These data show functional transfer of the MDR1 gene into nonmyeloablated murine hosts. However, the high rates of in vitro transduction into HPP-CFC, coupled with the low in vivo engraftment rate of donor cells containing the MDR1 gene, suggest that the majority of stem cells that incorporated the retroviral construct did not stably engraft in the host. Based on additional studies that indicate that ex vivo culture of bone marrow induces an engraftment defect concomitantly with progression of cells through S phase, we propose that the cell cycle transit required for proviral integration reduces or impairs the ability of transduced cells to stably engraft.
Sodium Borohydride Reduction of 1-Acyl-1,2(1H)-Diazepines and their Iron Tricarbonyl Complexes. Some Reactions of 2,3-Dihydro-1,2(1H)-Diazepines (1975)

Sodium borohydride reduction of the 1,2(lH)-diazepines 1a-e and 7, and the 1,2(1H)-diazepine iron tricarbonyl complexes 4a–b provides the 2,3-dihydro-1,2(1H)-diazepines 2a–e and 8, and the (2,3-dihydro-1,2(1H)-diazepine)Fe(CO) 3 derivatives 5a–b, respectively. Fe(CO) 3 complexes 5a and 6a may be also directly obtained from the 1,2(1H)-diazepines 2a and 3a, respectively. A number of diacylated compounds (3a–c, 6a–b, and 9) are prepared some of which (2a, 3a, 8, and 9) are readily converted into their corresponding (4 + 2)π cycloadducts (14a–d). Treatment of the borohydride reduction products 2a–c with sodium methoxide in methanol gives the 3,4-dihydro-1,2(2H)-diazepines 15a–c. Acetylation of 15a affords the 2-acetyl derivative 16a which may also be prepared by sodium methoxide deacetylation of either 3a or 9. 2-Tosyl-3,4-dihydro-1,2(2H)-diazepine (18) is obtained from 2a by a similar tosylation and deacetylation sequence. When either 2a or 3a are subjected to sodium methoxide in methanol-O-d, compounds 15a and 16a, respectively, are produced which show high deuterium incorporation at C 4 and C 6 (n.m.r. analysis). Photolysis of the 2,3-dihydro-1,2(1H)-diazepines 2a, 3a, 8, and 9 and the 3,4-dihydro-1,2(2H)-diazepine 16a affords the unstable 2,3-diazabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-6-ene 23a, 23b, 25a, and 25b and 1,2-diazabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-6-ene 27 derivatives, respectively. Treatment of either 25a or25b with sodium methoxide results cleanly in N 2 -deacylation to give compound 26.
Outcomes of partial nephrectomy for non-metastatic cT2 renal tumors: Results from a Canadian multi-institutional collaborative. (2023)

690 Background: The role of partial nephrectomy (PN) is not well defined for cT2 renal cell carcinoma (RCC) as compared to radical nephrectomy (RN). The aim of this study was to examine oncological outcomes of PN as compared to RN for non-metastatic cT2 RCC. Methods: The Canadian Kidney Cancer information system was used to define patients who underwent surgery for non-metastatic cT2 RCC from January 2011 to October 2022. Patients with clear-cell, papillary, and chromophobe RCC were included. Other histology, multiple tumours, and hereditary RCC syndrome patients were excluded. Each PN patient was individually matched to RN up to 1:4 depending on availability of patients based on tumor size (+/- 1cm), histology, grade (clear cell and papillary), and necrosis (clear cell). Matched patients were analyzed as clusters. Results: A total of 1523 patients were identified, and 50 PN patients met study criteria who were then matched to 185 RN patients. Both groups had similar age, gender, smoking status, BMI, Charlson comorbidity index score, symptoms at presentation, baseline eGFR, hemoglobin and pathological characteristics. PN patients had smaller tumors (7.6 cm [IQR 2] vs 8.4 [IQR 2.4], p=0.05), had higher likelihood of undergoing open surgery (72.9% vs 31.8%, p&lt;0.0001) and less likely received adrenalectomy (2% vs 24.3%, p=0.0004). Positive surgical margin rates were similar in both groups (8.2% in PN vs 3.4% in RN, p=0.2). Median follow up was not significantly different in either group (3.6 yrs [IQR 4.7] in PN vs 3.3 [4.7] yrs in RN, p=0.9). During the follow up period, PN patients had higher risk of local recurrence (HR 3.0, 95%CI 1.08-8.37), lower risk of distant metastasis (HR 0.36, 95%CI 0.15-0.88), better cancer specific survival (HR 0.56, 95%CI 0.18-1.78) and overall survival (HR 0.36, 95%CI 0.11-1.19) and as compared to RN. At 6 months and beyond after surgery, PN patients had less decline in eGFR than RN patients (-16.6 [SD 21.1] vs -24.4[SD 16.2], p=0.0002). Complications rates between PN and RN were (18% vs 9%, p=0.057). Conclusions: In this multi-institutional Canadian cohort of patients with non-metastatic cT2 RCC undergoing surgery, PN compared to RN was associated with slightly higher risk of peri-operative complications, better preservation of renal function, and higher risk of local recurrence. The lower risk of distant metastasis and death was likely from residual confounding unaccounted for in the individual patient match. [Table: see text]
Use of magnetic nanoparticles to monitor alginate‐encapsulated βTC‐tet cells (2009)

Noninvasive monitoring of tissue-engineered constructs is an important component in optimizing construct design and assessing therapeutic efficacy. In recent years, cellular and molecular imaging initiatives have spurred the use of iron oxide-based contrast agents in the field of NMR imaging. Although their use in medical research has been widespread, their application in tissue engineering has been limited. In this study, the utility of monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs) as an NMR contrast agent was evaluated for betaTC-tet cells encapsulated within alginate/poly-L-lysine/alginate (APA) microbeads. The constructs were labeled with MIONs in two different ways: 1) MION-labeled betaTC-tet cells were encapsulated in APA beads (i.e., intracellular compartment), and 2) MION particles were suspended in the alginate solution prior to encapsulation so that the alginate matrix was labeled with MIONs instead of the cells (i.e., extracellular compartment). The data show that although the location of cells can be identified within APA beads, cell growth or rearrangement within these constructs cannot be effectively monitored, regardless of the location of MION compartmentalization. The advantages and disadvantages of these techniques and their potential use in tissue engineering are discussed.
Histoplasmosis—Diagnosis and Treatment. (1965)

This monograph on histoplasmosis is deceptively small. It gives the impression on first reading that only the bare essentials of the subject have been covered because of the limitation of space. But after systematically looking for a number of small details, I became convinced that this book has nearly all of the current information worth knowing about histoplasmosis. Negroni seems to have turned out this concise compendium by two devices. The first is to string together summary statements from key references and the second to write much of the material in telegraphic style. While these writing techniques get everything into 115 pages, they don't make for easy reading. A series of references, compiled in chronological order, emphasizes the historical sequence of contributions but obscures the relative importance of certain facts in their contemporary setting. For example, in the section on treatment, a novice in the field would have to read
Analysis of a Large Structure‐Activity Data Set Using Recursive Partitioning (1997)

Abstract Conventional parametric methods such as linear regression have not been entirely successful in analyzing structure‐activity data sets. This is because the underlying relationships may involve nonlinearities, thresholds and interactions, all of which considerably impede linear additive modelling approaches. Recursive partitioning, RP, is able to accommodate all these modelling difficulties seamlessly and therefore invites investigation as a general approach for study of structure activity relationships. In this paper we apply a recursive partitioning procedure, FIRM, to a large monoamine oxidase structure‐activity data set. The methodology is successful in uncovering nonlinearities in the response. Coupling RP with the use of correspondence analysis provides further insights into the distinction between compounds that are inactive, moderately active and active.
Electronic Absorption and Emission Spectra of 1, 3‐Diaryltriazenes (1981)

Abstract The Pariser‐Parr‐Pople (PPP) type LCI‐SCF‐MO calculations were used to study the models of 1, 3‐diphenyltriazene (1) , 1, 3‐bis(3‐pyridyl)triazene (2) , 1, 3‐bis (2, 4‐dichlorophenyl)triazene (3) , and 1, 3‐bis (4‐ethoxycarbonyl)triazene (4) . The results of the calculations were compared with the experimental electronic absorption and emission (fluorescence, phosphorescence) spectra of these compounds.
Abstract 37: Proteomic Signatures of Obesity-Related Heart Failure in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study (2023)

Background: Obesity is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The excess heart failure (HF) risk associated with obesity is uniquely unexplained by traditional risk mediators. We sought to identify proteomic signatures that reflect mechanistic pathways associated with obesity-related HF. Methods: We quantified 4955 plasma proteins in stored plasma samples of ARIC Visit 2 (1990-1992) participants without HF using an aptamer-based platform (SOMAScan v4.0). We used Cox regression to identify the proteins associated with incident HF, stratified by obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m 2 ). We used Bonferroni-corrected p-values to assess statistical significance in 2/3 discovery and 1/3 validation subsets. We assessed the biological pathways overexpressed by these proteins using a canonical pathway analysis. Results: We included 9940 participants (28% with obesity, mean age 57 years, 55% female, 22% Black adults). Over a median 21-year follow-up, 2,345 HF events (886 in obesity) occurred. In the discovery subset with obesity, we identified 110 proteins associated with incident HF after demographic adjustment, 19 proteins (7 specific to obesity, Figure B) had robust HF associations after additional adjustment for lifestyle and cardiometabolic risk factors (p&lt;10 -5 ) (Figure A). Of 19 proteins, 12 were also linked to prevalent obesity status. Angiopoietin-2 was associated with higher risk of HF and higher odds of obesity. Conversely, ephrin type-A receptor 4 and seizure 6-like protein were linked to lower HF risk and lower odds of obesity. Lipid and bile acid metabolism (inhibited), cytokine signaling and wound healing pathways (activated) were overexpressed by HF-associated proteins in those with obesity. Conclusion: We identified established and novel proteins associated with HF risk in obesity. Many proteins linked to incident HF in obesity are also strongly associated with prevalent obesity. Formal mediation analysis can help elucidate the potential role of these proteins in the development of obesity-related HF.
Progress in Superconducting Optoelectronic Networks for Neuromorphic Computing (2020)

We have proposed a superconducting opto-electronic platform for neuromorphic computing utilizing semiconductor light sources coupled to integrated waveguides for communication, and superconducting detectors and electronics for efficient computation. Here we summarize the recent experimental progress.
Molecular basis for substrate recruitment to the PRMT5 methylosome (2020)

Abstract PRMT5 is an arginine methyltransferase and a therapeutic target in MTAP null cancers. PRMT5 utilizes adaptor proteins for substrate recruitment through a previously undefined mechanism. Here, we identify an evolutionarily conserved peptide sequence shared among the three known substrate adaptors (pICln/CLNS1A, RIOK1 and COPR5) and show it is necessary and sufficient for interaction with PRMT5. We structurally resolve the interface with PRMT5 and show via genetic perturbation that it is required for methylation of adaptor-recruited substrates including the spliceosome, histones, and ribosome assembly complexes. Genetic disruption of the PRMT5-substrate adaptor interface leads to a hypomorphic decrease in growth of MTAP null tumor cells and is thus a novel site for development of therapeutic inhibitors of PRMT5.
Mooring System for Moderate Size Arctic Vessel Terminal in Heavy Ice Conditions (2010)

With considerable amount of oil and gas resources, the Arctic zones are becoming more and more attractive for oil and gas exploration and production. However, to be able to produce oil and gas in this region, several new challenges have to be faced. One of these is the heavy ice condition. Thus, to face this challenge, new technologies are required. In drifting ice to heavy ice conditions, a floating stationary unit must withstand the important design ice loadings. Due to these loadings, a safe design of the vessel to seabed connection, however, cannot rely on thrusters’ utilization alone. A mooring system needs to be particularly reliable and strong. Eventually, disconnection may be needed in the event of loss of position [Gudmestad et al., 09]. With regard to these observations, it seems relevant to compute and analyze the loading in the mooring device. The vessel studied in this paper is a moderately sized mono-hull icebreaker suitable as an offloading terminal for deep or shallow water production systems or onshore facilities, as control centre for subsea facilities, as process facility with a small process plant or as an intervention vessel for subsea satellites. The Arctic Ocean has a water depth varying from tens of meters (Pechora Sea and Kara Sea as well as parts of the Beaufort Sea) to a couple of thousands meters (Canada Basin). This implies finding different mooring solutions to suit these different water depths. Due to weight limitations, it is challenging to design a mooring system for arctic deep water made of chain or wire. The partial use of polyester ropes may be an attractive alternative. Due to its particular features, the polyester rope’s behavior is not fully understood and it is needed to be further studied for use with a moored installation in this region with very large mooring forces. This paper aims at presenting the results of ice load calculations on mooring systems composed of different kinds of mooring elements (polyester ropes, wire ropes, chains and buoyant elements) and proposing different geometries according to the water depth.
Authors' Reply (2010)

We are pleased to respond to the interesting comments of Dr Stewart concerning the molecular subtyping of ovarian endometrioid carcinomas. We recently published a study on epithelial ovarian cancer in which we concluded that a number of high-grade endometrioid carcinomas may, in effect, be better classified as high-grade serous carcinoma. We reported that these tumours typically are reactive for nuclear WT1 protein by immunohistochemistry. Our diagnostic findings reflected the correlative nature of gene expression data and immuno-phenotyping (WT1+/p53+/CTNNB1−) for high-grade serous and high-grade endometrioid tumours 1. Dr Stewart raises a number of interesting observations on this subject, with an emphasis on low-grade endometrioid tumours. Stewart et al reported that 4/41 low-grade endometrioid tumours displayed nuclear localized WT1 protein 2. We also reported that 4/18 grade 1 endometrioid tumours were WT1-positive 1. While these observations are interesting, and the nature of low-grade WT1-positive tumours should be pursued by further study, our investigation focused on the molecular classification of poorly differentiated high-grade tumours. Another observation reported by Stewart et al is that nuclear WT1 protein expression was associated with a lack of concomitant endometriosis in a subset of low-grade endometrioid carcinomas 2. As surgical pathology reporting for endometriosis was not available for the entirety of our dataset, we cannot confirm this association. When reporting was available for our cohort, endometriosis was found in both WT1-negative (6/24) and WT1-positive (2/16) groups. However, the correlation was not significant (p = 0.43, Fisher's exact test). Although it is tempting to speculate that WT1-positive low-grade endometrioid tumours may arise from the surface epithelium as suggested by Dr Stewart, our study is not designed to address this question. Furthermore, we point out in our discussion that WT1 positivity is also associated with Fallopian tube epithelium and tubal intraepithelial carcinoma, currently debated as a candidate precursor to high-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary 3, 4. Though we did not document morphological variants of low-grade endometrioid carcinoma in our study, it should be noted that in some instances the differential diagnosis of a WT1-expressing endometrioid carcinoma with Sertoliform features versus a WT1-expressing Sertoli cell tumour may be diagnostically challenging 5-7. The issue of WT1-positive low-grade endometrioid tumours requires further investigation in order to be resolved. It would be advantageous to examine these putative low-grade endometrioid variants using an integrated gene expression and immunohistochemical approach to discern the true nature of the relationship.
Clinical Benefit from Ipilimumab Therapy in Melanoma Patients may be Associated with Serum CTLA4 Levels (2014)

Stage IV metastatic melanoma patients historically have a poor prognosis with 5-10% 5-year survival. Ipilimumab, a monoclonal antibody against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4), is one of the first treatments to provide beneficial durable responses in advanced melanoma. However, less than 25% of those treated benefit, treatment is expensive, and side effects can be fatal. Since soluble (s) CTLA4 may mediate inhibitory effects previously ascribed to the membrane-bound isoform (mCTLA4), we hypothesized patients benefiting from ipilimumab have higher serum levels of sCTLA4. We found that higher sCTLA4 levels correlated both with response and improved survival in patients treated with ipilimumab in a small patient cohort [patients with (n = 9) and without (n = 5) clinical benefit]. sCTLA4 levels were statistically higher in ipilimumab-treated patients with response to ipilimumab. In contrast, sCTLA4 levels did not correlate with survival in patients who did not receive ipilimumab (n = 11). These preliminary observations provide a previously unrecognized link between serum sCTLA4 levels and response to ipilimumab as well as to improved survival in ipilimumab-treated melanoma patients and a potential mechanism by which ipilimumab functions.