gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Convenient Synthesis of α,β-Acetylenic Ketones (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTA Convenient Synthesis of α,β-Acetylenic KetonesPei Li, Wai Man Fong, Lisa C. F. Chao, Stephen H. C. Fung, and Ian D. WilliamsView Author Information Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China [email protected]Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 11, 4087–4090Publication Date (Web):May 5, 2001Publication History Received22 January 2001Published online5 May 2001Published inissue 1 June 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo015534chttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo015534cbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1201Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Hydrocarbons,Ketones,Oxidation,Selectivity Get e-Alerts
Sensorless Position Detection Framework for a Multi-State Switched Reluctance Actuator of a Textile Machine (2018)

Sensorless needle position detection for the actuator of a textile machine is challenging because of its multi current levels used and the transient state when the current changes. A local regression method can be used to represent the variation of inductance via the measurement of the current through the actuator while the keys pass the selection area of the actuator. By calculating its correlation with a mother function, the position of the needle can be obtained. A Kalman filter is added at the end to compensate discretisation errors. The experimental results with different working speed have validated the proposed sensorless detection method.
CXCR4 Ligands: The Next Big Hit? (2017)

The G protein-coupled protein receptor C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is an attractive target for cancer diagnosis and treatment, as it is overexpressed in many solid and hematologic cancers. Binding of its ligand, C-X-C chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), results in receptor internalization and activation of several signal transduction pathways, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B, which are critical in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, development of metastasis, and survival. Also, the CXCR4-CXCL12 axis is involved in the interaction between hematopoietic stem cells (as well as hematologic and solid tumor cells) and their protective microenvironment. This interaction can be disrupted by CXCR4 antagonists. This concept is being used clinically to harvest hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells from bone marrow and to sensitize cancer cells to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and the potential to overcome tumor microenvironment-driven immunosuppression is being explored. This review focuses on new strategies for improvement of cancer treatment by targeting of the CXCR4-CXCL12 interaction. Because of its critical role in cancer, many peptidic and nonpeptidic ligands with different modes of antagonistic activity against the CXCR4-CXCL12 axis have been developed, with some of them reaching clinical trials. Molecular imaging with recently developed radiolabeled CXCR4 ligands could facilitate the selection of patients who might benefit from directed targeted therapy, including CXCR4-directed endoradiotherapy.
A 3D generalization of user-steered live-wire segmentation (2000)

We have been developing user-steered image segmentation methods for situations which require considerable human assistance in object definition. In the past, we have presented two paradigms, referred to as live-wire and live-lane, for segmenting 2D/3D/4D object boundaries in a slice-by-slice fashion, and demonstrated that live-wire and live-lane are more repeatable, with a statistical significance level of P < 0.03, and are 1.5-2.5 times faster, with a statistical significance level of P < 0.02, than manual tracing. In this paper, we introduce a 3D generalization of the live-wire approach for segmenting 3D/4D object boundaries which further reduces the time spent by the user in segmentation. In a 2D live-wire, given a slice, for two specified points (pixel vertices) on the boundary of the object, the best boundary segment is the minimum-cost path between the two points, described as a set of oriented pixel edges. This segment is found via Dijkstra's algorithm as the user anchors the first point and moves the cursor to indicate the second point. A complete 2D boundary is identified as a set of consecutive boundary segments forming a "closed", "connected", "oriented" contour. The strategy of the 3D extension is that, first, users specify contours via live-wiring on a few slices that are orthogonal to the natural slices of the original scene. If these slices are selected strategically, then we have a sufficient number of points on the 3D boundary of the object to subsequently trace optimum boundary segments automatically in all natural slices of the 3D scene. A 3D object boundary may define multiple 2D boundaries per slice. The points on each 2D boundary form an ordered set such that when the best boundary segment is computed between each pair of consecutive points, a closed, connected, oriented boundary results. The ordered set of points on each 2D boundary is found from the way the users select the orthogonal slices. Based on several validation studies involving segmentation of the bones of the foot in MR images, we found that the 3D extension of live-wire is more repeatable, with a statistical significance level of P < 0.0001, and 2-6 times faster, with a statistical significance level of P < 0.01, than the 2D live-wire method, and 3-15 times faster than manual tracing.
Biophysical Detection of Diversity and Bias in GPCR Function (2014)

Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors (GPCRs) function in complexes with a range of molecules and proteins including ligands, G proteins, arrestins, ubiquitin, and other receptors. Elements of these complexes may interact constitutively or dynamically, dependent upon factors such as ligand binding, phosphorylation, and dephosphorylation. They may also be allosterically modulated by other proteins in a manner that changes temporally and spatially within the cell. Elucidating how these complexes function has been greatly enhanced by biophysical technologies that are able to monitor proximity and/or binding, often in real time and in live cells. These include resonance energy transfer approaches such as bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Furthermore, the use of fluorescent ligands has enabled novel insights into allosteric interactions between GPCRs. Consequently, biophysical approaches are helping to unlock the amazing diversity and bias in G protein-coupled receptor signaling.
Gene co-expresson network analysis in relation to cell wall formation and organic acid metabolisms of forest microorganisms(RECENT RESEARCH ACTIVITIES) (2007)

It is becoming more important to establish a sustainable society, which depends on renewable resources. Because wood biomass is the most abundant renewable resource, studies of wood formation is the key to improve forest biomass production. In this context, we are involved in analyzing metabolic functions of forest plants and microorganisms from a wide variety of aspects, including organic chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology, and metabolomics, in order to conduct basic investigations contributing cultivation and protection of forest resources. These projects are conducted in collaboration with Dr. Shiro Suzuki, Institute of Sustainability Science, Kyoto University.
Combined multiple clusterings on flow cytometry data to automatically identify chronic lymphocytic leukemia (2010)

We described a combined multiple clustering approach to automatically identify chronic lymphocytic leukemia neoplastic population by flow cytometry immunophenotyping. Flow cytometry data from various specimens were preprocessed by data cross-linking and subset selection before undergoing subspace and consensus clustering. This approach was implemented as a Server-side application, with results comparable to those performed by manual gating on commercial software.
<title>Airborne laser depth sounding: system aspects and performance</title> (1994)

In Sweden work on airborne depth sounding lidar has taken place for more than ten years. Activities include the development of a helicopter borne lidar called FLASH as well as instrumentation (HOSS) for in situ measurement of the optical water parameters. These instruments have been used in rather extensive field trials some of which are discussed in more detail. Recently we have been engaged in analysis of lidar data to determine system performance and possible ways to optimize that relation to lidar parameters and anticipated bottom depth and topography. Examples from that analysis are presented. Comparisons between laser and acoustic soundings are presented. The FLASH system has been further developed into two operational systems called Hawk Eye with Saab Instruments as the main contractor and Optech Inc. as the main subcontractor. The first of these two systems has now been delivered for helicopter installation and acceptance flights. Data from Hawk Eye is discussed.
METHOD TO DETERMINE FAST AND THERMAL NEUTRON FLUXES BY FOIL ACTIVATION ANALYSIS. (1971)

A general method of foil activation analysis for measuring neutron fluxes is presented with a complete' derivation of the mathematical expressions used.Although the method is not new, de'scriptions of the theory, experimental procedures, and the constants and parameters used in the analysis are widely scattered in the literature.This report compiles this information for easy reference.Detailed examples using copper foil activation for measuring fast neutron fluxes and indium foil activation for measuring thermal neutron fluxes are given.
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF GNOTOBIOTIC CULTURES: INVESTIGATION OF THE MYCORRHIZAL-HOST INTERACTION WITH FLAVONOIDS IN VITRO (2000)

ISHS International Symposium on Methods and Markers for Quality Assurance in Micropropagation THE ESTABLISHMENT OF GNOTOBIOTIC CULTURES: INVESTIGATION OF THE MYCORRHIZAL-HOST INTERACTION WITH FLAVONOIDS IN VITRO
Detection of neutrophils and possible involvement of interleukin-8 in diffuse lamellar keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis (2003)

The major cell type in the DLK infiltration induced by LPS instillation in rabbit eyes was the neutrophil. Interleukin-8, a prototype of CXC chemokine produced by keratocytes and neutrophils, may contribute to the development of DLK.
Fluorescent β -ketoenole AmyGreen dye for visualization of amyloid components of bacterial biofilms (2020)

Green-emitting water-soluble amino-ketoenole dye AmyGreen is proposed as an efficient fluorescent stain for visualization of bacterial amyloids in biofilms and the detection of pathological amyloids in vitro. This dye is almost non-fluorescent in solution, displays strong green emission in the presence of amyloid fibril of proteins. AmyGreen is also weakly fluorescent in presence to biomolecules that are components of cells, extracellular matrix or medium: nucleic acids, polysaccharides, lipids, and proteins. Thus, the luminescence turn-on behavior of AmyGreen can be utilized for visualization of amyloid components of bacterial biofilm extracellular matrix. Herein we report the application of AmyGreen for fluorescent staining of a number of amyloid-contained bacteria biofilms produced by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bordetella avium, and Staphylococcus aureus. The effectiveness of AmyGreen was compared to traditional amyloid sensitive dye Thioflavine T. The main advantage of AmyGreen (concentration 10<sup>-5</sup> M) is a higher sensitivity in the visualization of amyloid biofilm components over Thioflavine T (10<sup>-4</sup> M) as it was revealed when staining E. coli and K. pneumoniae bacterial biofilms. Besides, AmyGreen displays lower cross-selectivity to nucleic acids as demonstrated both in in-solution experiments and upon staining of eukaryotic human mesenchymal stem cells used as amyloid-free negative control over amyloid-rich bacterial biofilms. The results point to a lower risk of false-positive response upon determination of amyloid components of bacterial biofilm using AmyGreen. Co-staining of biofilm by AmyGreen and cellulose sensitive dye Calcofluor White show difference in their staining patterns and localization, indicating separation of polysaccharide-rich and amyloid-rich regions of investigated biofilms. Thus, we suggest the new AmyGreen stain for visualization and differentiation of amyloid fibrils in bacterial biofilms to be used solely and in combination with other stains for confocal and fluorescence microscopy analysis.
The Role of Disulfide-linked Dimerization in Interleukin-3 Receptor Signaling and Biological Activity (2000)

Cysteine residues 86 and 91 of the beta subunit of the human interleukin (hIL)-3 receptor (hbetac) participate in disulfide-linked receptor subunit heterodimerization. This linkage is essential for receptor tyrosine phosphorylation, since the Cys-86 --> Ala (Mc4) and Cys-91 --> Ala (Mc5) mutations abolished both events. Here, we used these mutants to examine whether disulfide-linked receptor dimerization affects the biological and biochemical activities of the IL-3 receptor. Murine T cells expressing hIL-3Ralpha and Mc4 or Mc5 did not proliferate in hIL-3, whereas cells expressing wild-type hbetac exhibited rapid proliferation. However, a small subpopulation of cells expressing each mutant could be selected for growth in IL-3, and these proliferated similarly to cells expressing wild-type hbetac, despite failing to undergo IL-3-stimulated hbetac tyrosine phosphorylation. The Mc4 and Mc5 mutations substantially reduced, but did not abrogate, IL-3-mediated anti-apoptotic activity in the unselected populations. Moreover, the mutations abolished IL-3-induced JAK2, STAT, and AKT activation in the unselected cells, whereas activation of these molecules in IL-3-selected cells was normal. In contrast, Mc4 and Mc5 showed a limited effect on activation of Erk1 and -2 in unselected cells. These data suggest that whereas disulfide-mediated cross-linking and hbetac tyrosine phosphorylation are normally important for receptor activation, alternative mechanisms can bypass these requirements.
Inferring trip destinations from driving habits data (2013)

The collection of driving habits data is gaining momentum as vehicle telematics based solutions become popular in consumer markets such as auto-insurance and driver assistance services. These solutions rely on driving features such as time of travel, speed, and braking to assess accident risk and driver safety. Given the privacy issues surrounding the geographic tracking of individuals, many solutions explicitly claim that the customer's GPS coordinates are not recorded. Although revealing driving habits can give us access to a number of innovative products, we believe that the disclosure of this data only offers a false sense of privacy. Using speed and time data from real driving trips, we show that the destinations of trips may also be determined without having to record GPS coordinates. Based on this, we argue that customer privacy expectations in non-tracking telematics applications need to be reset, and new policies need to be implemented to inform customers of possible risks.
Rebuilding Coral Reefs: A Decadal Grand Challenge (2021)

This document is the work of a team assembled by the International Coral Reef Society (ICRS). The mission of ICRS is to promote the acquisition and dissemination of scientific knowledge to secure the future of coral reefs, including via relevant policy frameworks and decision-making processes. This document seeks to highlight the urgency of taking action to conserve and restore reefs through protection and management measures, to provide a summary of the most relevant and recent natural and social science that provides guidance on these tasks, and to highlight implications of these findings for the numerous discussions and negotiations taking place at the global level.
Thematic review series: Adipocyte Biology. Adipocyte stress: the endoplasmic reticulum and metabolic disease (2007)

In the context of obesity and its related maladies, the adipocyte plays a central role in the balance, or imbalance, of metabolic homeostasis. An obese, hypertrophic adipocyte is challenged by many insults, including surplus energy, inflammation, insulin resistance, and considerable stress to various organelles. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is one such vital organelle that demonstrates significant signs of stress and dysfunction in obesity and insulin resistance. Under normal conditions, the ER must function in the unique and trying environment of the adipocyte, adapting to meet the demands of increased protein synthesis and secretion, energy storage in the form of triglyceride droplet formation, and nutrient sensing that are particular to the differentiated fat cell. When nutrients are in pathological excess, the ER is overwhelmed and the unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated. Remarkably, the consequences of UPR activation have been causally linked to the development of insulin resistance through a multitude of possible mechanisms, including c-jun N-terminal kinase activation, inflammation, and oxidative stress. This review will focus on the function of the ER under normal conditions in the adipocyte and the pathological effects of a stressed ER contributing to adipocyte dysfunction and a thwarted metabolic homeostasis.
Small Reorganization Energy for Ligand-Centered Electron-Transfer Reduction of Compound I to Compound II in a Heme Model Study (2019)

The electron-transfer (ET) processes from electron-donor substrates to oxoiron(IV) porphyrin π-cation-radical species (Cpd I) are key steps in their oxygenation reactions. Here, we have evaluated the rate constants of the outer-sphere ET reduction of Cpd I model complexes of meso-tetramesitylporphyrin (1) and 2,7,12,17-tetramesityl-3,8,13,18-tetramethylporphyrin (2) in light of the Marcus theory of ET to determine the ET reorganization energies (λ). The λ values of the ligand-centered ET reduction of Cpd I model complexes are much smaller than those of the metal-centered ET reduction of various oxoiron(IV) complexes. Moreover, the λ value of 1 is larger than that of 2, resulting from the difference in the nature of the a<sub>1u</sub>/a<sub>2u</sub> porphyrin π-cation-radical orbitals.
Integrated All-fiber Thulium-doped PCF Pump Combiner (2013)

An integrated thulium-doped photonic crystal fiber pump combiner is characterized for potential use in an ultrashort pulse amplifier. Spectral modulations were mitigated with amplification, and further investigations into coupling efficiencies and gain are ongoing.
Probing alloy composition gradient and nanometer-scale carrier localization in single AlGaN nanowires by nanocathodoluminescence (2013)

The optical properties of single AlGaN nanowires grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy have been studied by nanocathodoluminescence. Optical emission was found to be position-dependent and to occur in a wide wavelength range, a feature which has been assigned to a composition gradient along the nanowire growth axis, superimposed on local composition fluctuations at the nanometer scale. This behavior is associated with the growth mode of such AlGaN nanowires, which is governed by kinetics, leading to the successive formation of (i) a zone with strong local composition fluctuations followed by (ii) a zone with a marked composition gradient and, eventually, (iii) a zone corresponding to a steady state regime and the formation of a homogeneous alloy.
Polarization characteristics of coastal waters and their impact on in-water visibility (2009)

Polarization characteristics of coastal waters were recently measured during a cruise on the R/V "Connecticut" in the areas of New York Harbor - Sandy Hook, NJ region using a new Stokes vector instrument developed by the Optical Remote Sensing Laboratory at CCNY. The instrument has three hyperspectral Satlantic radiance sensors each with a polarizer positioned in front of it, with polarization axes aligned at 0, 90 and 45&deg;. The measured degrees of polarization (DOPs) and normalized radiances as a function of angle and wavelength match very well with simulated ones obtained with a Monte Carlo radiative transfer code for the atmosphere-ocean system. In order to numerically reproduce the polarized images for underwater horizontal imaging system the measured typical underwater polarized radiance was used to estimate the polarized components of the background veiling light and the blurring effects were modeled by point spread functions obtained from the measured volume scattering functions from this cruise and other typical oceanic environments. It is shown that the visibility can be improved for unpolarized target by placing a polarizer oriented orthogonally to the partially polarized direction of the veiling light before camera. The blurring effects strongly depend on the small angle scattering in the forward directions. For polarized targets the Monte Carlo simulation of slab geometry for polarized pencil light shows that the scattering medium with high g value has a very strong ability to retain the polarization status of the incident light, which can be utilized to improve the image contrasts for targets with very different polarized reflection properties.
Dispense the drugs you prescribe? (2001)

Computerized systems are making it increasingly profitable to do this in your office. Here's what you need to be successful at it.