gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Highly Integrated 60 GHz 6-Channel Transceiver With Antenna in Package for Smart Sensing and Short-Range Communications (2016)

This work presents a highly integrated 57-64 GHz 4-channel receiver 2-channel transmitter chip targeting short range sensing and large bandwidth communications. The chip is housed in an embedded wafer level ball grid array package. The package includes 6 integrated patch antennas realized with a metal redistribution layer. The receiver patch antennas have a combined antenna gain of ≈10 dBi while each transmitter antenna has a gain of ≈6 dBi. The chip features a wide tuning range integrated VCO with a measured phase noise lower than -80 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset. Each of the differential transmitter channels shows a measured output power of 2-5 dBm over the complete frequency range. In addition, one transmitter channel features a modulator that can be digitally programmed to operate in either radar or communication mode. Each of the receiver channels has a measured conversion gain of 19 dB, a single-side-band noise figure of less than 10 dB and an input referred 1 dB compression point of less than 10 dBm. With all channels turned on the chip consumes a current of 300 mA from a 3.3 V supply. The functionality of the chip is demonstrated for both sensing and short range wireless communications.
Giant Cell Tumor of the Distal Femur Associated with Complete Tumor Necrosis (2010)

Giant cell tumor is a benign tumor of bone with a predilection for juxta-articular locations. Although not malignant, giant cell tumor often exhibits unpredictable and locally aggressive behavior, and in rare cases can metastasize in the absence of histologic malignancy. Partial tumor necrosis has been infrequently reported within typical giant cell tumor. A 17-year-old girl presented with a right distal femur giant cell tumor associated with complete tumor necrosis on histopathologic analysis. The etiology, prevalence, and implications of complete necrosis in previously untreated giant cell tumor of bone remain unclear, as there are no previously published reports. Despite the complete necrosis evident in our patient, she nonetheless presented with pain. There were no radiographic signs of the necrotic tumor space remodeling with new bone. The patient was treated with standard extended intralesional curetting through a generous cortical window permitting visualization of the entire lesion, and systematic high speed burring and thermal electrocautery ablation of the periphery, followed by micro particulate allogenic bone grafting. At short-term follow-up, she had healed well with no evidence of tumor recurrence. This article presents the first case, to our knowledge, of complete spontaneous tumor necrosis in a previously untreated bone giant cell tumor. Increased understanding of spontaneous tumor necrosis associated with giant cell tumor may help guided future targeted medical and surgical treatment modalities.
Drosophila acidic ribosomal protein rpA2: Sequence and characterization (1993)

A cDNA encoding the Drosophila melanogaster acidic ribosomal protein rpA2 was cloned and sequenced. rpA2 is homologous to the Artemia salina acidic ribosomal protein eL12'. In situ hybridization to salivary gland polytene chromosomes localizes the rpA2 gene to band 21C. It is a single copy gene, with an mRNA of 0.8 kb. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of Drosophila ribosomal proteins followed by immuno-blotting showed that the rpA2 protein has an apparent relative mobility in SDS of 17 kD and an isoelectric point less than pH 5.0. Although the Drosophila gene rp21C may be the same as rpA2, the reported sequences differ. Comparisons of the aligned nucleotide sequences coding for the acidic ribosomal proteins rpA1 and rpA2 of Drosophila with those of other eukaryotes support the view of two separate, though closely related, groups of acidic proteins. Comparison with the Artemia homologues suggests that nucleotide identity may have been conserved by some constraint that acts in addition to the requirement for substantial similarity of amino acid sequences.
Brain-machine interfaces for real-time speech synthesis (2011)

This paper reports on studies involving brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) that provide near-instantaneous audio feedback from a speech synthesizer to the BMI user. In one study, neural signals recorded by an intracranial electrode implanted in a speech-related region of the left precentral gyrus of a human volunteer suffering from locked-in syndrome were transmitted wirelessly across the scalp and used to drive a formant synthesizer, allowing the user to produce vowels. In a second, pilot study, a neurologically normal user was able to drive the formant synthesizer with imagined movements detected using electroencephalography. Our results support the feasibility of neural prostheses that have the potential to provide near-conversational synthetic speech for individuals with severely impaired speech output.
BER performance comparisons in digital tape recording (2002)

Bit-error-rate (BER) performances of various DC free coding and detection methods have been compared in digital tape recording environments. Performance sensitivities to additive noise, head-tape space variations and offtrack interference have been investigated at two representative linear densities. The results indicate that the performance ranking of different techniques depends strongly on the type of interference assumed in the channel. In particular, the fixed delay tree search with decision feedback (FDTS/DF) detector used in conjunction with the rate 8/10 code performs comparably to or better than the partial response maximum likelihood technique combined with the rate 24/25 code in all cases considered, despite the significantly lower code rate.
Determinación de deleciones en el cromosoma Y en hombres infértiles candidatos a técnicas de reproducción asistida (2004)

El compromiso espermático severo en el hombre infértil, puede ser el resultado de la presencia de deleciones en el cromosoma Y en la región AZFc (Factor de azoospermia región c). En este estudio se caracterizaron 97 hombres con infertilidad con una frecuencia del 6% para la presencia de deleciones en la población estudiada. De estos hombres positivos para deleción en la región Yq (AZFc), nacieron tres niños mediante el uso de inyección intracitoplasmática (ICSI) que heredaron la mutación en el cromosoma Y, fundamentando la importancia de crear un programa de tamizaje para detectar la presencia de deleción en este cromosoma en la población de hombres infértiles candidatos para técnica de fertilización asistida (ART) mediante ICSI.
Microflora of Retained Intracochlear Electrodes from Infected Cochlear Implants (2017)

Objectives Cochlear implant infections may be refractory to medical management and require device removal with subsequent reimplantation. During device removal, the intracochlear electrode array is commonly left in place to prevent obliteration of the cochlear lumen. If the electrode is colonized with pathogens, this risks contaminating the replacement implant. In this study, we compare the microorganisms detected on infected cochlear implants against those on the retained electrode using culture and microbial gene‐sequencing techniques. Study Design Prospective single‐cohort study. Setting Tertiary medical center. Subjects and Methods Six patients with refractory cochlear implant infections had the receiver‐stimulator and extracochlear electrode removed to facilitate treatment of the infection. The intracochlear electrode was removed at (delayed) reimplantation. Implant specimens were analyzed by microbial culture and 16S DNA gene sequencing. Results Staphylococcus aureus was the organism most commonly identified. None of the 6 patients’ intracochlear electrodes yielded microbes by culture. Two intracochlear electrodes revealed bacterial species, and 1 revealed fungal species by gene sequencing. There was no correlation between the microbes on the infected extracochlear implants and the retained intracochlear electrodes. All subjects underwent reimplantation after resolution of their infections. One of 6 subjects developed a second infection after reimplantation, with S aureus in the primary and secondary infections. Conclusions The intracochlear electrodes of infected cochlear implants carry a low microbial burden. Preserving intracochlear electrodes upon removal of infected cochlear implants appears to carry a low risk of contaminating a replacement cochlear implant.
Blood Stage Malaria Disrupts Humoral Immunity to the Pre-erythrocytic Stage Circumsporozoite Protein (2016)

Many current malaria vaccines target the pre-erythrocytic stage of infection in the liver. However, in malaria-endemic regions, increased blood stage exposure is associated with decreased vaccine efficacy, thereby challenging current vaccine efforts. We hypothesized that pre-erythrocytic humoral immunity is directly disrupted by blood stage infection. To investigate this possibility, we used Plasmodium-antigen tetramers to analyze B cells after infection with either late liver stage arresting parasites or wild-type parasites that progress to the blood stage. Our data demonstrate that immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against the pre-erythrocytic antigen, circumsporozoite protein (CSP), are generated only in response to the attenuated, but not the wild-type, infection. Further analyses revealed that blood stage malaria inhibits CSP-specific germinal center B cell differentiation and modulates chemokine expression. This results in aberrant memory formation and the loss of a rapid secondary B cell response. These data highlight how immunization with attenuated parasites may drive optimal immunity to malaria.
Basal cerebral activity in a mouse model of trait anxiety as revealed by in vivo manganese enhanced MRI and cytochrome-c oxidase staining (2011)

We investigated the neurofunctional correlates of trait anxiety in mice selectively bred for extremes in anxiety related behaviour. We employed manganese enhanced MRI (MEMRI), a calcium channel dependent imaging technique, to study in vivo patterns of different neuronal activity between high, normal and low anxiety related behaviour mice (HAB, NAB and LAB, respectively) under basal conditions. Compared to LAB animals, HAB mice showed increased neuronal activity in the piriform cortex, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, septum, globus pallidus, hippocampus, periaqueductal gray, inferior colliculi, parabrachial nucleus, and cerebellar nucleus. These regions are well known to mediate anxiety related behaviour. We verified MEMRI results with cytochrome-c oxidase staining, which represents the current gold standard to quantify sustained metabolic demand in histological brain specimens. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of in vivo MEMRI to identify trait specific differences in cerebral activity. Particularly, complex behavioural paradigms and pharmacological interventions can be combined with this technique as the performance of longitudinal studies is enabled. Furthermore, MEMRI may be used to screen for activity differences and use these results to guide region-of-interest based histological analysis.
Amylolytic Activity in Taproots of Diploid and Tetraploid Medicago sativa L. (1991)

Our objective was to determine whether starch degradation in taproots of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after defoliation was associated with activity and isoform complement of endo- and exo-amylases. Taproots of genetically comparable diploid (2x) and tetraploid (4x) populations and the tetraploid cultivar Hi-Phy were recovered immediately after defoliation and at approx. 4-d intervals thereafter. Taproot tissues were analysed for starch concentrations and activities of endo- and exo-amylases. An electrophoretic blotting technique was used to examine amylase isoforms. Starch degradation was most rapid in taproots of Hi-Phy, slowest in taproots of the 2x population, with the 4x population being intermediate. The 4x population had a greater initial increase in endo-amylase activity compared to the 2x population; however, Hi-Phy averaged eightfold greater endo-amylase activity than either 2x or 4x populations. Although exo-amylase specific activity was at least 500-fold greater than endo-amylase specific activity in all populations, changes in endo-amylase activity were more closely associated with trends in starch degradation. Multiple isoforms of endo- and exo-amylase were observed in taproots of all populations. Taproots of Hi-Phy contained an endo-amylase isoform that was not apparent in the 2x or 4x populations that may contribute to the high activity of this amylase in taproots of this cultivar. These results, although correlative, suggest an important role for endo-amylase in taproot starch hydrolysis after defoliation.
Streptococcus pneumoniae types 19A and 19F and Streptococcus suis capsular type 8 share common capsular epitopes (1995)

Two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to Streptococcus pneumoniae types 19A and 19F were tested with the 35 reference strains and 334 field strains of Streptococcus suis by dot blotting. Both MAbs reacted with the capsular type 8 reference strain, and one reacted with 69% and one reacted with 100% of 81 S. suis capsular type 8 field strains tested. Epitopes recognized by both MAbs are capsular in origin.
Efficacy of adjunct tacrolimus treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with inadequate responses to methotrexate (2012)

This study demonstrated the efficacy of add-on therapy with TAC to MTX in patients with RA in daily practice.
Cannabinoid System and Neuroinflammation: Implications for Multiple Sclerosis (2007)

There is a growing amount of evidence suggesting that cannabinoids may be neuroprotective in central nervous system inflammatory conditions. Advances in the understanding of the physiology and pharmacology of the cannabinoid system have potentiated the interest in cannabinoids as potential therapeutic targets. Here our aim was to update the actions of cannabinoids on immune system and glial cells and their implications on multiple sclerosis. We also show our results on the modulation of cytokines of the IL-12 family by cannabinoids in macrophages and brain microglia. We used murine primary cultures of macrophage and microglia activated by lipopolysaccharide/IFN-gamma and Theiler's virus to study the effects of cannabinoids on the regulation of IL-12 and IL-23 mRNA and protein IL-12p40, evaluated by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Cannabinoids negatively regulate the production of these cytokines by microglial cells in part due to the activation of CB(2) receptors. The effects of cannabinoids on cytokine brain work and on the regulation of neuroinflammatory processes may affect chronic inflammatory demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
Lipoprotein distribution in sheep lung lymph. (1983)

The composition of lymph draining the sheep caudal mediastinal lymph node is believed to reflect the composition of lung interstitial fluid. Although long-term lymph fistulas have been extensively utilized in studies related to lung microvascular fluid and protein flux, attention has thus far not been focused on lipoproteins as they might appear in lung interstitial space. We therefore characterized the lipoprotein distributions and measured triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations of lung lymph and plasma in nine unanesthetized sheep with long-term embedded instrumentation. We also measured triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations in prefemoral and thoracic duct lymph. The plasma LDL concentration was 55.3 +/- 20.2 mg/dl and HDL concentration was 99.9 +/- 27.2 mg/dl. By comparison, the lung lymph LDL concentration was 27.7 +/- 3.0 mg/dl and the HDL concentration was 45.4 +/- 11 mg/dl. The major sheep lipoprotein classes (LDL, HDL), although low in concentration compared to humans, are present in lung lymph in relative proportions similar to those of plasma. Analytical ultracentrifugation revealed the presence of a fast-floating component in lung lymph HDL that was not present in plasma. Electron microscopy showed two sizes of particles in lung lymph HDL, 135A and 97A, which probably correspond to the fast-floating and slow-floating components, respectively; plasma HDL contained only 94 A particles. Changes in the physical properties of HDL present in lung lymph suggest modification of the HDL either in the endothelial barrier or interstitial fluid of the lung.
A closed-form low-frequency statistical model for field-to-wire coupling in twisted-wire pairs with non-ideal twisting (2014)

A statistical model is developed to predict the noise induced in the terminal loads of a TWP running above ground and illuminated by a plane-wave electromagnetic field. The model accounts for random variations of the pitch of the bifilar helix formed by wires, and is derived under the assumption that the TWP is electrically-short at the frequency of interest. The obtained closed-form formulation makes the proposed model computationally efficient and suitable to perform extensive parametric simulations, aimed at unveiling the impact played by the geometrical features of non-uniform twisting on the statistical estimates of the induced noise.
Thermoluminescence and photoluminescence characteristics of nanocrystalline LiNaSO4 : Eu phosphor (2003)

Europium doped LiNaSO4 in its nanocrystalline form has been prepared and its thermoluminescence (TL) properties are studied. The TL glow curve of the phosphor has been found to have a simple structure with a single peak at 432 K. Though the highly sensitive, commercially available TL phosphor LiF : Mg, Cu, P (TLD-700H) is about 1.5 times more sensitive than the nanocrystalline material, the sensitivity of the concerned nanomaterial is much higher (∼10 times) than the other standard phosphor TLD-100 (LiF : Mg, Ti). Compared to the conventional LiNaSO4 : Eu phosphor (prepared through a melting procedure and having particle size of 125 µm), the nano-sized phosphor has a lesser TL sensitivity. However, this reduction in TL sensitivity on decreasing the particle size from micrometres to nanometres gives a better understanding of the TL phenomenon. The order of TL kinetics for the concerned nanomaterial is also found to be different from that of the conventional material. Photoluminescence studies that have been performed on these materials throw light on the reasons for such a change in the order of kinetics. Further, fading and reusability of the concerned nanomaterial has also been studied and it has been found that the phosphor is quite suitable for radiation dosimetry.
DUSPs strike again (2011)

CeLL CyCLe newS & viewS Knocking down hyvH1/DUSP12 in human cells results in cell cycle arrest, as revealed by the striking increase in cells with G 0 /G 1 DnA content following siRnA treatment. This result was further reiterated by a complementary experiment, in which ectopic hyvH1/DUSP12 expression led to arrest at the next checkpoint, with a decrease in G 0 /G 1 population and a matched increase in G 2 /M cell population. 1 These interesting observations are outlined in the May 15th issue of Cell Cycle in a report by Kozarova et al. Together, they unveil a new dramatic role for hyvH1/DUSP12 at two critical checkpoints of the cell cycle that comes on the heels of a newly identified role of yvH1/ DUSP12 in eukaryotes ribosome biogenesis.
Intraoperative detection of occult colon cancer micrometastases using125I-radiolabeled monoclonal antibody CC49 (1996)

The finding of a RIGS-positive LN had a significant association with the presence of tumor cells (P < 0.05). In this study, the RIGS procedure was more sensitive than clinical or histopathologic examination in detecting the regional spread of a tumor. Furthermore, in LN that showed no evidence of tumor by routine histopathologic examination, a positive RIGS reading was significantly associated with the presence of occult LN metastases (P < 0.01). This study is the first to demonstrate the detection of histologically occult tumor by a remote imaging device. RIGS assessment is a highly sensitive method for detecting occult tumor deposits, and may guide therapeutic intervention in patients with colorectal carcinoma.
Unpopping: Solving the Image‐Space Blend Problem for Smooth Discrete LOD Transitions (2007)

Abstract This paper presents a new, simple and practical algorithm to avoid artifacts when switching between discrete levels of detail (LOD) by smoothly blending LOD representations in image space. We analyse the alternatives of conventional alpha‐blending and so‐called late‐switching (the switching of LODs ‘far enough’ from the eye‐point), widely thought to solve the LOD switching discontinuity problem, and conclude that they either do not work in practice, or defeat the concept of LODs. In contrast we show that our algorithm produces visually pleasing blends for static and animated discrete LODs, for discrete LODs with different types of LOD representations (e.g. billboards and meshes) and even to some extent totally different objects with similar spatial extent, with a very small runtime overhead.
Electrospun fiber-based micro- and nano-system for delivery of high concentrated quercetin to cancer cells (2023)

The anticancer potential of quercetin (Q), a plant-derived flavonoid, and underlining molecular mechanisms are widely documented in cellular models in vitro. However, biomedical applications of Q are limited due to its low bioavailability and hydrophilicity. In the present study, the electrospinning approach was used to obtain polylactide (PLA) and PLA and polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based micro- and nanofibers containing Q, namely PLA/Q and PLA/PEO/Q, respectively, in a form of non-woven fabrics. The structure and physico-chemical properties of Q-loaded fibers were characterized by scanning electron and atomic force microscopy (SEM and AFM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), goniometry and FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. The anticancer action of PLA/Q and PLA/PEO/Q was revealed using two types of cancer and nine cell lines, namely osteosarcoma (MG-63, U-2 OS, SaOS-2 cells) and breast cancer (SK-BR-3, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, Hs 578T, and BT-20 cells). The anticancer activity of Q-loaded fibers was more pronounced than the action of free Q. PLA/Q and PLA/PEO/Q promoted cell cycle arrest, oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death that was not overcome by heat shock protein (HSP)-mediated adaptive response. PLA/Q and PLA/PEO/Q were biocompatible and safe, as judged by in vitro testing using normal fibroblasts. We postulate that PLA/Q and PLA/PEO/Q with Q releasing activity can be considered as a novel and more efficient micro- and nano-system to deliver Q and eliminate phenotypically different cancer cells.
A Survey on Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access for 5G Networks: Research Challenges and Future Trends (2017)

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is an essential enabling technology for the fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks to meet the heterogeneous demands on low latency, high reliability, massive connectivity, improved fairness, and high throughput. The key idea behind NOMA is to serve multiple users in the same resource block, such as a time slot, subcarrier, or spreading code. The NOMA principle is a general framework, and several recently proposed 5G multiple access schemes can be viewed as special cases. This survey provides an overview of the latest NOMA research and innovations as well as their applications. Thereby, the papers published in this special issue are put into the context of the existing literature. Future research challenges regarding NOMA in 5G and beyond are also discussed.