gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance study of TCP Veno over WLAN and RED router (2004)

This paper examines the impact of RED on two versions of TCP - traditional TCP Reno and a newly proposed variant, TCP Veno - over 802.11b WLAN. TCP Reno was originally designed for wired networks where packet losses are primarily due to network congestion. This assumption is not always true in wireless networks, in which packet losses can be due to transmission errors on the noisy wireless link. TCP Veno refines the algorithms in Reno by distinguishing between noncongestive and congestive states, and avoids the unnecessary reduction of TCP congestion window when packet losses are not due to congestion. Our results show that TCP Veno can achieve up to 30% more throughput than TCP Reno when link quality is poor. Our results also show that TCP Veno is compatible with RED. In addition, although RED does not help to further improve the throughput in Veno, it can improve fairness among co-existing TCP flows.
Layered piezoelectric resonators with an arbitrary number of electrodes (general one-dimensional treatment) (1991)

A general transfer matrix description for one-dimensional layered structures consisting of piezoelectric and nonpiezoelectric anisotropic layers of arbitrary number is used to calculate the electrical admittance matrix for such resonators with N electrodes. The calculation is done in detail for linearly stacked resonators with two free surfaces as well as for ring resonators with a closed acoustical path. Experimental and theoretical results are given and compared for a ring resonator with two piezoelectric layers excited by four electrodes. Such a configuration can be used to generate unidirectional resonant waves.
3-D crystallization simulation in phase change recording media (2003)

The technique of phase change optical recording has been developing very rapidly over past few years. More complicated recording techniques are being studied to apply to phase change recording, including multi-level recording and multi-layer recording (H.D. Shieh et al, 2001; L. Shi et al, 2000; T. Akiyama et al, 2001). They require precise control of laser power and pulse duration to obtain optimal disk performance (writing and erasing). Therefore a better understanding of the kinetics of the crystallization of the recording material is needed. Considerable effort has been put into simulation of crystallization process in phase change optical recording. Mansuripur et al (Applied Optics, vol. 39, no. 35, pp. 6695-6701) studied transient nucleation effects, Sheila et al (Proc. SPIE, vol. 4090, pp. 116-121) modeled the jitter due to the statistical nature of the crystal nucleation and growth. Both of their simulations are based on the 2D crystallization model. However, in order to understand some crystallization phenomena, such as the effects of recording layer thickness and the effects of dielectric layer interfaces (heterogeneous nucleation), we must study the crystallization in thin films in three dimensions. In this paper, we set up an isothermal model to explain the recording layer thickness effects. Based on the isothermal model, we developed a method to simulate the crystallization process of phase change recording material in 3D.
Self-Aligned, Selective Area Poly-Si/SiO2 Passivated Contacts for Enhanced Photocurrent in Front/Back Solar Cells: Preprint (2019)

Poly-Si/SiO2 passivated contact front/back solar cells suffer low Jsc due to parasitic absorption in the front poly-Si layer. We demonstrate a self-aligned, selective area front contact dry-etch technique that retains the as-deposited poly-Si beneath the metal grid lines but thins it elsewhere. Jsc improves by 0.7 mA/cm2 over our standard 40 nm thick poly-Si. Greater improvements are expected with thicker poly-Si needed for fired metal contacts. Surface passivation is slightly diminished with poly-Si thinning but can be partially restored with re-hydrogenation.
Pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion: effect of the glycemic index on endurance exercise performance (1998)

These data indicate that pre-exercise CHO feedings with varying glycemic indexes do not affect exercise performance following short term submaximal exercise despite alterations in metabolism.
A CMOS associative memory chip based on neural networks (1987)

This report will describe a chip containing 54 amplifiers, 6K SRAM and programmable interconnections, that has been used to implement an algorithm based on biological neural networks. The 75K transistor chip was fabricated in 25μm CMOS, measures 6.7×6.7mm and dissipates 500mW. Ten vectors stored in the memory may be recalled within 500ns.
Electrostatics of Colloidal Particles Confined in Nanochannels: Role of Double-Layer Interactions and Ion-Ion Correlations (2017)

We perform computational investigations of electrolyte-mediated interactions of charged colloidal particles confined within nanochannels. We investigate the role of discrete ion effects, valence, and electrolyte strength on colloid-wall interactions. We find for some of the multivalent charge regimes that the like-charged colloids and walls can have attractive interactions. We study in detail these interactions and the free energy profile for the colloid-wall separation. We find there are energy barriers and energy minima giving preferred colloid locations in the channel near the center and at a distance near to but separated from the channel walls. We characterize contributions from surface overcharging, condensed layers, and overlap of ion double-layers. We perform our investigations using Coarse-Grained Brownian Dynamics simulations (BD), classical Density Functional Theory (cDFT), and mean-field Poisson-Boltzmann Theory (PB). We discuss the implications of our results for phenomena in nanoscale devices.
Underwater fluorescence photography in the presence of ambient light (2005)

Fluorescence photography is traditionally done in dark conditions owing to the relatively low level of the fluorescence emission compared to ambient light levels. Working in the dark can be awkward, especially underwater, and the ability to do the photography during the day would be an advantage. Recent experiments have demonstrated that with the appropriate off-the-shelf camera and lighting technology it is possible to make high-quality fluorescence images in the presence of moderate levels of ambient light. The factors that affect this technique are the ambient light and the specifics of the equipment being used. For the ambient light, the important factors are the inherent optical properties of the water body, depth at which the photography is being done, time of day, cloud cover, and subject orientation and location (insofar as they create shadowing). For the equipment, the important factors are the camera's flash synchronization speed, flash intensity, flash duration, detector sensitivity, and the spectral characteristics of fluorescence barrier filters. The range of conditions under which this technique can be used was determined by modeling. Results are presented for the relatively clear waters of a tropical reef (Bahamas) and the relatively turbid waters of New England. This method of fluorescence photography allows collection of fluorescence images under daylight conditions, rather than at night or with enclosures to create artificial darkness, and thus is much more practical and applicable in the field.
Affinity Labelling of Rat‐Muscle Hexokinase Type II by a Glucose‐Derived Alkylating Agent (1979)

The glucose-derived alkylating agent N-bromoacetylglucosamine (GlcNBrAc) is shown to cause a time-dependent irreversible inactivation of rat muscle hexokinase type II. The kinetics of inactivation are in accord with the reversible formation of an enzyme-inhibitor complex prior to modification, indicating that the reagent is active-site-directed. A Ki of 0.57 mM obtained for this reversible complexing is in agreement with a Ki of 0.65 mM obtained for the inhibition caused by N-propionylglucosamine, an isosteric analogue of GlcNBrAc and a competitive inhibitor with respect to glucose. Glucose itself protects competitively against inactivation. A KG of 0.26 mM obtained for the formation of enzyme-glucose complex from these studies is in agreement with the kinetically-determined Km of 0.2 mM. The substrate-unrelated but chemically similar alkylating agents bromoacetic acid and N-bromoacetylgalactosamine inactivate the enzyme at 20% of the rate caused by GlcNBrAc. The inactivation rate increases rapidly over the pH range 7--9. Analysis of this pH dependence shows that a single residue of pKa 8.9 is reacting with GlcNBrAc with a kmax (pH corrected, pseudo-first-order rate constant) of 1.5 x 10(-3) S-1. These values are typical of the reaction of model thiols with alkylating agents and suggests the reacting residue is probably a cysteine. Use of radioactively labelled GlcNBrAc indicates that uptake of 1 mol of reagent per mol protein causes complete activity loss. Finally the behaviour of this enzyme with active-site-directed alkylating agents is compared with published results of similar experiments carried out with yeast hexokinase and bovine brain hexokinase type I.
The Use of Protoplasts for Genetic Research (1973)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Prolonged cold storage using a new histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate-based preservation solution in isogeneic cardiac mouse grafts (2010)

The new solution markedly attenuates myocardial injury and yields better graft survival than traditional HTK solution. The presence of chloride ions is crucial for heart preservation. Some protective effects are obviously caused by iron chelators.
SU‐F‐T‐411: A Quantitative Parameter for Treatment Plan Quality (2016)

Purpose: To create an IMRT treatment plan quantitative score using QUANTEC dose/volume parameters to assess plan quality. Methods: 132 IMRT patient plans of various treatment sites were evaluated. The optimized plan's dose volume histogram (DVH) was exported to Velocity for evaluation. The proposed scoring was based on calculating the shortest distance from the QUANTEC objective to the DVH line of each organ. Each plan was normalized against the “perfect” plan where the organs at risk (OAR) received no dose and hence the distance between the QUANTEC objective and the DVH line was maximized. The normalized scores allowed comparing the quality of plans across the treatment sites, dosimetrists, and physicians. The scores were plotted and statistically analyzed to serve as basis for future plans. Results: The score for each site was evaluated and the average percentage score resulted in the abdomen having an average percent score of 1.68 ± 1.49, 34.61 ± 35.19, 11.00 ± 15.39, 28.44 ± 25.13, 1.99 ± 5.83 for abdomen, brain, chest, head/neck, and pelvis. Differences in scores between the treatment sites are largely attributed to OAR segmentation and proximity of the OAR to the PTV. Small score differences between dosimetrist were attributed to the number of plans they have completed per site. A larger sample of treatment plans is being evaluated to investigate the effect of dosimetrist's experience on plan quality. Conclusion: This approach allows comparison of patient treatments which will help improve patient care and treatment outcomes with a quantitative score. A larger number of patient plans is being evaluated for improved statistics.
THE SYNTHESIS OF GLUCOSIDOFERULIC ACID (1930)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE SYNTHESIS OF GLUCOSIDOFERULIC ACIDRaymond M. HannCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1930, 52, 12, 5049–5051Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1930Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1930https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01375a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01375a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Plant-derived tormentic acid alters the gut microbiota of the silkworm (Bombyx mori) (2022)

In recent years, phytochemicals have started to attract more attention due to their contribution to health and bioactivity. Microorganisms in the intestines of organisms contribute to the processing, function, and biotransformation of these substances. The silkworm (Bombyx mori) is one of the organisms used for the biotransformation of phytochemicals due to its controlled reproduction and liability to microbial manipulation. In this study, a bioactive compound, tormentic acid (TA), extracted from Sarcopoterium spinosum was used in the silkworm diet, and the alterations of intestinal microbiota of the silkworm were assessed. To do this, silkworms were fed on a diet with various tormentic acid content, and 16S metagenomic analysis was performed to determine the alterations in the gut microbiota profile of these organisms. Diet with different TA content did not cause a change in the bacterial diversity of the samples. A more detailed comparison between different feeding groups indicated increased abundance of bacteria associated with health, i.e., Intestinibacter spp., Flavonifractor spp., Senegalimassilia spp., through the utilization of bioactive substances such as flavonoids. In conclusion, it might be said that using TA as a supplementary product might help ameliorate the infected gut, promote the healthy gut, and relieve the undesirable effects of medicines on the gastrointestinal system.
Polymeric DABCO‐Bromine Complex: A Mild Oxidant for the Preparation of Ketones and Aldehydes. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A CMQ Middleware Architecture for Multimedia Application in Ubiquitous Environment (2006)

Traditional applications are executed using the restricted resources of a single computer, do not consider contextual information, and can not support mobile users. However, ubiquitous applications provide optimal services for mobile users using the various resources of computers and the contextual information around users and devices. Thus, ubiquitous applications need to have the functionality of context awareness, user mobility and QoS adaptability. This paper design the CMQ (context-aware, mobility -aware, QoS-aware) middleware framework for ubiquitous applications and implement the middleware framework using Jini and Java. The implemented middleware system can process various contexts, provide the session handoff for a mobile user, and allow applications to adjust its QoS dynamically
Proteomics-based identification of cancer-associated proteins in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (2021)

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is a neoplasm of B-cells characterized by variable prognosis. Exploring the proteome of CLL cells may provide insights into the disease. Therefore, eleven proteomics experiments were conducted on eleven primary CLL samples. We reported a CLL proteome consisting of 919 proteins (false discovery rate (FDR) ≤ 1%) whose identification was based on the sequencing of two or more distinct peptides (FDR of peptide sequencing ≤ 1%). Mass spectrometry-based protein identification was validated for four different proteins using Western blotting and specific antibodies in different CLL samples. Small sizes of nucleolin (~57 kDa and ~68 kDa) showed a potential association with good prognosis CLL cells (n = 8, p < 0.01). Compared with normal B-cells, CLL cells over-expressed thyroid hormone receptor-associated protein 3 (THRAP3; n = 9; p = 0.00007), which is implicated in cell proliferation; and heterochromatin protein 1-binding protein 3 (HP1BP3; n = 10; p = 0.0002), which promotes cell survival and tumourogenesis. A smaller form of HP1BP3, which may correspond to HP1BP3 isoform-2, was specifically identified in normal B-cells (n = 10; p = 0.0001). HP1BP3 and THRAP3 predicted poor prognosis of CLL (p ≤ 0.05). Consistently, THRAP3 and HP1BP3 were found to be associated with cancer-related pathways (p ≤ 0.05). Our findings add to the known proteome of CLL and confirm the prognostic importance of two novel cancer-associated proteins in this disease. How to cite: Alsagaby SA, Brennan P, Brewis IA, et al. Proteomics-based identification of cancer-associated proteins in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Electron J Biotechnol 2021;51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.04.006
Minimally invasive proximal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis using a locking compression plate and tissue engineering in horses: a pilot study. (2014)

This pilot study assessed the efficacy of 2 minimally invasive techniques for proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthrodesis in horses. The PIP joints of both forelimbs (n = 6) were stabilized with locking compression plates (LCP) using a minimally invasive technique (LCP technique). Subsequently, for 1 randomly selected PIP joint of each horse, surgical drilling (SurD) was performed and tissue engineering (TE) was applied (LCP/SurD/TE technique). Minimally invasive PIP joint arthrodesis with LCP demonstrated low postoperative infection rates. Gross and histological evaluations revealed considerable destruction of the articular cartilage in the LCP/SurD/TE-treated joints. In contrast, almost no destruction of the cartilage was observed in the LCP-treated joints. Our results suggest that the LCP technique alone is not sufficient for PIP joint arthrodesis and that the LCP/SurD/TE technique may be useful for PIP joint arthrodesis in horses.
Persistent Activation of GABAAReceptor/Cl− Channels by Astrocyte-Derived GABA in Cultured Embryonic Rat Hippocampal Neurons (2000)

Whole cell patch-clamp recordings using Cl(-)-filled pipettes revealed more negative levels of baseline current and associated current variance in embryonic rat hippocampal neurons co-cultured on a monolayer of astrocytes than those cultured on poly-D-lysine. These effects were mimicked by culturing neurons on poly-D-lysine in astrocyte-conditioned medium (ACM). The baseline current and variance decreased immediately in all cells after either local perfusion with saline or exposure to bicuculline, an antagonist of GABA at GABA(A) receptor/Cl(-) channels. Baseline current and variance in all cells reached a nadir at approximately 0 mV, the calculated equilibrium potential for Cl(-). Perfusion of ACM rapidly induced a sustained current in neurons, which also reversed polarity at approximately 0 mV. Bicuculline attenuated or eliminated the ACM-induced current at a concentration that completely blocked micromolar GABA-induced current. Quantitative analyses of spontaneously occurring fluctuations superimposed on the ACM-induced current revealed estimated unitary properties of the underlying channel activity similar to those calculated for GABA's activation of GABA(A) receptor/Cl(-) channels. Bicuculline-sensitive synaptic-like transients, which reversed at approximately 0 mV, were also detected in neurons cultured in ACM, and these were immediately eliminated along with the negative baseline current and superimposed current fluctuations by perfusion. Furthermore bicuculline-sensitive synaptic-like transients were rapidly and reversibly triggered when ACM was acutely applied. ACM induced an increase in cytoplasmic Ca(2+) in cultured embryonic hippocampal neurons that was completely blocked by bicuculline and strychnine. We conclude that astrocytes release diffusible substances, most likely GABA, that persistently activate GABA(A) receptor/Cl(-) channels in co-cultured neurons.
Technology-Enhanced Assessment of Math Fact Automaticity (2012)

Because math fact automaticity has been identified as a key barrier for students struggling with mathematics, we examined how initial math achievement levels influenced the path to automaticity (e.g., variation in number of attempts, speed of retrieval, and skill maintenance over time) and the relation between attainment of automaticity and gains in general math achievement. Findings indicated that most students did not meet the grade level recommendations for addition and subtraction identified by standards-setting organizations, but those that did were likely to achieve superior gains in math achievement, controlling for pretest scores. Relative to higher-achieving students, low-achieving students required more attempts to demonstrate automaticity, achieved automaticity later, and their speed of retrieval was lagging. Overall, low-achieving students were less likely to demonstrate fluent retrieval of math facts, but those that did also experienced particularly large gains in general math achievement.
Polymer-Supported Well-Defined Metathesis Catalysts (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTPolymer-Supported Well-Defined Metathesis CatalystsMichael R. Buchmeiser*View Author Information Leibniz-Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung e. V. (IOM), Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany and Institut für Technische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstrasse 3, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone: ++49 (0) 341 235 2229. Fax:++49 (0) 341 235 2584. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 2, 303–321Publication Date (Web):November 4, 2008Publication History Received5 March 2008Published online4 November 2008Published inissue 11 February 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr800207nhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr800207nreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views9821Altmetric-Citations287LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Catalyst supports,Catalysts,Immobilization,Metathesis,Ruthenium Get e-Alerts