gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemical Modification of Biomarkers through Accelerated Degradation: Implications for Ancient Plant Identification in Archaeo-Organic Residues (2022)

Biochemical and biomolecular archaeology is increasingly used to elucidate the consumption, use, origin, and trade of plants in the past. However, it can be challenging to use biomarkers to identify the taxonomic origin of archaeological plants due to limited knowledge of molecular survival and degradation for many key plant compounds in archaeological contexts. To gain a fundamental understanding of the chemical alterations associated with chemical degradation processes in ancient samples, we conducted accelerated degradation experiments with essential oil derived from cedar (<i>Cedrus atlantica</i>) exposed to materials commonly found in the archaeological record. Using GC-MS and multivariate analysis, we detected a total of 102 compounds across 19 treatments that were classified into three groups. The first group comprised compounds that were abundant in fresh cedar oil but would be unlikely to remain in ancient residues due to rapid degradation. The second group consisted of compounds that remained relatively stable or increased over time, which could be potential biomarkers for identifying cedar in archaeological residues. Compounds in the third group were absent in fresh cedar oil but were formed during specific experiments that could be indicative for certain storage conditions. These results show that caution is warranted for applying biomolecular profiles of fresh plants to ancient samples and that carefully designed accelerated degradation experiments can, at least in part, overcome this limitation.
Clonal anergy to staphylococcal enterotoxin B in vivo: selective effects on T cell subsets and lymphokines (1993)

Injection of bacterial superantigens such as staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in adult mice results in initial proliferation of SEB-responsive V beta 8+ T cells followed by induction of a state of non-responsiveness frequently referred to as clonal anergy. We show here that SEB-induced anergy involves selective changes in lymphokine production and that it affects CD4+ V beta 8+ and CD8+ V beta 8+ T cells in different fashions. Whereas both CD4+ V beta 8+ and CD8+ V beta 8+ cells from anergic mice exhibit strongly reduced proliferative capacity and interleukin(IL)-2 production upon restimulation with SEB either in vivo or in vitro the CD8+ subset from SEB-injected mice produces other lymphokines (such as interferon(IFN)-gamma) at normal or slightly increased levels in response to SEB. Changes in the levels of production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma protein correlated well with mRNA accumulation both in vivo and in vitro. Collectively these data suggest that superantigen-induced anergy involves selective changes in signal transduction and/or gene regulation in T lymphocytes.
The Relationship between Clinical Signs and Hypercoagulable State in Toxemia of Pregnancy (1991)

The hypercoagulable state in patients with toxemia of pregnancy was investigated in comparison with normal pregnant women using new coagulation parameters, mainly thrombin-antithrombin III (TAT) complexes, alpha 2-antiplasmin-plasmin complexes (PIP), and D-dimer FDP. When the patients were categorized by the classification of the WHO Study Group (1985), significant increases of TAT complexes and alpha 2-PIP complexes with decreases of the ATIII level were observed in the groups with preeclampsia and severe gestational hypertensive disease as compared to normal pregnant women. A significant increase of D-dimer FDP was observed in a group with severe gestational hypertensive disease. Additionally, the relationship between clinical signs and the hypercoagulable state in the patients was analyzed using canonical correlation analysis as a multivariate analysis. The clinical signs and coagulation parameters had a significantly high correlation of lambda 1 = 0.7219, p less than 0.01. The results showed that clinical signs were associated with simultaneous coagulation abnormalities. The indices obtained from the results of canonical correlation analysis, which were called the clinical index and the coagulation index, should be useful in evaluating the efficacy of anticoagulation therapy.
Comparison of the Roche AMPLICOR MYCOBACTERIUM assay and Digene SHARP Signal System with in-house PCR and culture for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in respiratory specimens (1996)

Two commercial primer kits and detection systems, the Roche AMPLICOR MYCOBACTERIUM test and the Digene primer-probe kit with the SHARP Signal System, were compared to in-house PCR as well as standard culture techniques. For the 27 culture-positive specimens, the Roche AMPLICOR MYCOBACTERIUM test detected 20 specimens, the Digene system detected 19, and in-house PCR detected 21. Of the 86 culture-negative specimens, 13 were positive by the Roche AMPLICOR MYCOBACTERIUM test, 16 were positive by the Digene system, and 21 were positive by in-house PCR. When clinical situations were evaluated, 11 of 13 culture-negative Roche AMPLICOR MYCOBACTERIUM test-positive specimens, 10 of 16 culture-negative Digene system-positive specimens, and 13 of 21 culture-negative-in-house PCR-positive specimens were diagnosed as true-positive specimens. The sensitivities of Roche AMPLICOR MYCOBACTERIUM test, the Digene system, and in-house PCR were 73.81, 69.05, and 80.95%, and the specificities were 97.18, 91.55 and 88.73%, respectively. The positive predictive values were 93.94, 82.86, and 80.95%, and the negative predictive values were 86.25, 83.33, and 88.73%, respectively. For the commercial kits, the Roche AMPLICOR MYCOBACTERIUM test seems to be more sensitive and specific than the Digene system. However, the Roche AMPLICOR MYCOBACTERIUM test cannot be used on nonrespiratory specimens.
Analysis of the spontaneous emission rate enhancement by surface plasmons in a thin metallic layer embedded in semiconductor (2007)

We study the modification of spontaneous emission rates from multi-quantum wells beneath a thin metallic layer embedded in semiconductor.
A Low-Capacitance Multielectrode Probe for Use in Extracellular Neurophysiology (1975)

A multielectrode structure containing integrated junction-FET input stages is described. Photoengraved microelectrodes are utilized to obtain high dimensional precision, small size, and extremely low capacitive coupling between electrodes. The interelectrode capacitance is less than 0.01 pf. The integrated input devices (JFET's) reduce the impedance levels on the recording channels to less than 500 ohms, virtually eliminating crosstalk and stray noise pickup from the system. The n-channel JFET's operate as source-followers from a common 2.5 volt drain supply and have input impedances greater than 100 megohms at 1 kHz. A simple external preamplifier ensures stable operation and easy interfacing with conventional recording and display equipment. Special considerations in the design of low-noise completely integrated input stages for use with metal microelectrodes are discussed in detail. As a result of the low interelectrode coupling in this structure, simultaneous recording and stimulation from closely adjacent areas of brain should be possible with virtually no stimulus artifact.
Lipid Mixing Assay for Murine Myoblast Fusion and Other Slow Cell-cell Fusion Processes (2020)

Lipid mixing (redistribution of lipid probes between fusing membranes) has been widely used to study early stages of relatively fast viral and intracellular fusion processes that take seconds to minutes. Lipid mixing assays are especially important for identification of hemifusion intermediates operationally defined as lipid mixing without content mixing. Due to unsynchronized character and the slow rate of the differentiation processes that prime the cells for cell-cell fusion processes in myogenesis, osteoclastogenesis and placentogenesis, these fusions take days. Application of lipid mixing assays to detect early fusion intermediates in these very slow fusion processes must consider the continuous turnover of plasma membrane components and potential fusion-unrelated exchange of the lipid probes between the membranes. Here we describe the application of lipid mixing assay in our work on myoblast fusion stage in development and regeneration of skeletal muscle cells. Our approach utilizes conventional <i>in vitro</i> model of myogenic differentiation and fusion based on murine C2C12 cells. When we observe the appearance of first multinucleated cells, we lift the cells and label them with either fluorescent lipid DiI as a membrane probe or CellTracker<sup>TM</sup> Green as a content probe. Redistribution of the probes between the cells is scored by fluorescence microscopy. Hemifused cells are identified as mononucleated cells labeled with both content- and membrane probes. The interpretation must be supported by a system of negative controls with fusion-incompetent cells to account for and minimize contributions of fusion-unrelated exchange of the lipid probes. This approach with minor modifications has been used for investigating fusion of primary murine myoblasts, osteoclast precursors and fusion mediated by a gamete fusogen HAP2, and likely can be adopted for other slow cell-cell fusion processes.
Performance Measurement of Fluoroscopic Systems (1980)

The performance measurement of fluoroscopic systems will have value provided the test methods can be defined in such a way that 1. results can be duplicated, and 2. results can be related to image quality requirements. These criteria were applied to the measurement of video resolution. In particular it was shown that system performance is primarily dependent on the low-frequency modulation transfer function characteristics of the image intensifier. These characteristics were defined in terms of contrast ratio, critical resolution frequency, and MTF shape factor.
On the probability distribution of busy virtual channels (2006)

A major issue in modelling the performance merits of interconnection network is dealing with virtual channels. Some analytical models chose not to deal with this issue at all i.e. one virtual channel per physical channel. More sophisticated models, however, relayed on a method proposed by Dally to capture the effect of arranging the physical channel into many virtual channels. In this study, we investigate the accuracy of Dally's method and propose an alternative approach to deal with virtual channels in analytical performance modelling. The new method is validated via simulation experiments and results reveal its accuracy under different traffic conditions.
Supplementary Table 4 from RNA-seq Reveals Aurora Kinase–Driven mTOR Pathway Activation in Patients with Sarcomatoid Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Significantly different genes sarcomatoid vs. clear cell.&lt;/p&gt;
Resolution of an intra‐coronary filling defect in the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery demonstrated by 64‐slice multi‐detector computed tomography (2006)

The evolution of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is not always clearly understood, and our understanding has been limited by the absence of serial information regarding the coronary vasculature in these patients. We describe a young patient with an acute inferior wall myocardial infarction in whom repeat multi-detector computed tomographic scanning (MDCT), supported by invasive studies, revealed a transient filling defect in the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery and nonobstructed circumflex and right coronary arteries. New generation 64-slice MDCT scanning provides a new method for visualizing both the coronary lumen and coronary plaque, and may prove to be a useful tool in improving our understanding of the dynamics of ACS.
Hormonal Changes during the Early Development of Ovarian Cysts in the Rat1 (1986)

The daily administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to rats with thiouracil-induced hypothyroidism results in the development of cystic ovaries. This study was undertaken to delineate hormonal changes during the first 48 h of hCG treatment. Groups of euthyroid and hypothyroid rats were injected daily with hCG or saline for up to two days and killed at 0, 12, 24, or 48 h after the initial hCG injection. Sera were analyzed for progesterone (P), testosterone (T), 17 beta-estradiol (E2), and prolactin (Prl) by specific radioimmunoassay (RIA). Serum levels of these hormones were not significantly different in the euthyroid and hypothyroid rats. However, P was significantly elevated at 12, 24, and 48 h in the hypothyroid/hCG rats. T and Prl were significantly elevated at 12 and 48 h in the hypothyroid/hCG rats. T levels were also elevated at 12 and 48 h in the euthyroid rats receiving hCG. In contrast, hCG had no effect on P and Prl levels in the euthyroid rats. E2 levels were undetectable in the euthyroid and hypothyroid rats. The administration of hCG increased E2 in both the euthyroid and hypothyroid rats at 48 h with significantly more E2 detected in the hypothyroid rats. These results show that ovarian steroids and Prl levels increase during the early stages of cyst induction and suggest they may be important in triggering ovarian cyst formation.
A Clinician’s Guide to Management of Intra-abdominal Hypertension and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome in Critically Ill Patients (2020)

This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2020. Other selected articles can be found online at https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/annualupdate2020. Further information about the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine is available from http://www.springer.com/series/8901.
Bacteriophages and the One Health Approach to Combat Multidrug Resistance: Is This the Way? (2020)

Antimicrobial resistance necessitates action to reduce and eliminate infectious disease, ensure animal and human health, and combat emerging diseases. Species such as <i>Acinetobacter baumanniii</i>, vancomycin resistant <i>Enterococcus</i>, methicillin resistance <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, as well as other WHO priority pathogens, are becoming extremely difficult to treat. In 2017, the EU adopted the "One Health" approach to combat antibiotic resistance in animal and human medicine and to prevent the transmission of zoonotic disease. As the current therapeutic agents become increasingly inadequate, there is a dire need to establish novel methods of treatment under this One Health Framework. Bacteriophages (phages), viruses infecting bacterial species, demonstrate clear antimicrobial activity against an array of resistant species, with high levels of specificity and potency. Bacteriophages play key roles in bacterial evolution and are essential components of all ecosystems, including the human microbiome. Factors such are their specificity, potency, biocompatibility, and bactericidal activity make them desirable options as therapeutics. Issues remain, however, relating to their large-scale production, formulation, stability, and bacterial resistance, limiting their implementation globally. Phages used in therapy must be virulent, purified, and well characterized before administration. Clinical studies are warranted to assess the in vivo pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic characteristics of phages to fully establish their therapeutic potential.
Metastructures of Genomes (2015)

The universe may be a 4-dimensional soap bubble in an 11-dimensional space. Who knows?– Christian Klixbull Jørgensen
REHABILITATION POSSIBILITIES OF SOFT CONTACT CORRECTION IN POST-TRAUMATIC AND CONGENITAL PATHOLOGY OF CHILDREN (2018)

Objective. To analyze the results of the use of contact correction in the rehabilitation of children with post-traumatic and congenital abnormalities. Material and methods. 424 patients, aged between 3 months and 17 years, using soft contact lenses using traditional and special methods of examination. Results and discussion. It was established that in the overwhelming number of children who were assigned to wear, the post-traumatic pathology prevailed - 341 (79.1%) patients; congenital abnormality was 83 cases (20.9%). Contact lenses were made individually according to the developed technologies from a hydrogel material by turning using biocompatible paint, which allows combining several color zones of different diameters, while achieving optimal functional and cosmetic results. Proved a significant increase in visual acuity compared with spectacle correction and correction of transparent contact lenses in 86.4% of children. Thus, the use of soft contact lenses, performing corrective, diaphragmatic and cosmetic function is a method of preventing the development of amblyopia, strabismus, contributing to the full development of the visual analyzer in children.
Advanced Power Electronic Interfaces for Distributed Energy Systems, Part 2: Modeling, Development, and Experimental Evaluation of Advanced Control Functions for Single-Phase Utility-Connected Inverter (2008)

Integrating renewable energy and distributed generations into the Smart Grid architecture requires power electronic (PE) for energy conversion. The key to reaching successful Smart Grid implementation is to develop interoperable, intelligent, and advanced PE technology that improves and accelerates the use of distributed energy resource systems. This report describes the simulation, design, and testing of a single-phase DC-to-AC inverter developed to operate in both islanded and utility-connected mode. It provides results on both the simulations and the experiments conducted, demonstrating the ability of the inverter to provide advanced control functions such as power flow and VAR/voltage regulation. This report also analyzes two different techniques used for digital signal processor (DSP) code generation. Initially, the DSP code was written in C programming language using Texas Instrument's Code Composer Studio. In a later stage of the research, the Simulink DSP toolbox was used to self-generate code for the DSP. The successful tests using Simulink self-generated DSP codes show promise for fast prototyping of PE controls.
Synthesis of Alkylating 1-Glycosyl-5-substituted 1,2,4-Triazoles1 (1982)

Abstract A series of alkylating derivatives of 5-subs-tituted 1-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazole having cytostatic activity has been prepared. The compounds synthesized include the 5-hydroxymethyl, 5-halomethyl, 5-(1-aziridino) methyl, and 5-bis (2-chloroethyl) aminomethyl derivatives.
GT-repeat polymorphism in the heme oxygenase-1 gene promoter and the risk of carotid atherosclerosis related to arsenic exposure (2010)

This exploratory study suggests that at a relatively high level of arsenic exposure, carriers of the short (GT)n allele (< 27 repeats) in the HO-1 gene promoter had a lower probability of developing carotid atherosclerosis than non-carriers of the allele after long-term arsenic exposure via ground water. The short (GT)n repeat in the HO-1 gene promoter may provide protective effects against carotid atherosclerosis in individuals with a high level of arsenic exposure.
Organocatalytic umpolung: N-heterocyclic carbenes and beyond (2012)

The umpolung strategy encompasses all the methods that make organic molecules react in an inverse manner compared to their innate polarity-driven reactivity. This concept entered the field of organocatalysis when it was recognized that N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) can provide catalytic access to acyl anion equivalents. Since then, tremendous efforts have followed to develop a broad variety of NHC-catalyzed reactions. In addition to this, more recent research developments have shown that other families of organocatalysts are also able to mediate transformations in which inversion of polarity is involved. This tutorial review aims at offering a didactic overview of organocatalytic umpolung and should serve as an inspiration for further progress in this field.
Variable versus fixed modulation of proton beams for treatments in the cranium (1989)

Dose distributions in the cranium with fixed and with variably modulated proton beams were compared. The variable modulation was designed to tailor the proximal high-dose region of each field to the target volume surface whereas the fixed modulation beams had a constant modulation determined by the greatest extent of the target. Dose-volume histograms of normal tissues were compared, as were the estimated complication probabilities. Twelve patients with chordomas or chondrosarcomas of the base of skull who had been treated to approximately 70 cobalt Gray equivalent (CGE) were evaluated. Dose distributions of the actual treatments were compared to those which would have been delivered had the proton beams been variably modulated; two patients for whom x-ray plans were available were also evaluated. The greatest difference in dose between the variable and fixed modulation proton beams, averaged over all the patients, was 13.8 CGE (8.0-18.0 CGE range). Much of this reduction occurred in the brain, particularly the temporal lobes. In those temporal lobes receiving significant doses, variable modulation reduced the volume receiving more than 54 CGE by 3.0 cc; all temporal lobes had at least a 5 CGE difference to some portion, half had more than 10 CGE and three more than 15 CGE difference to some portion. The optic structures, brainstem and spinal cord received from 1 to 3 CGE less dose with the variability modulated beams. Eight of the parotid glands received more than 20 CGE to more than half their volume with the fixed modulation beams; in these, variable modulation reduced the mean dose by 5.3 CGE. The reduction in integral dose with variable as compared to fixed modulation was in the range 3 to 12%; this gain was considerably less than the gain for uniformly modulated proton beams over x-rays in the two patients for whom x-ray plans were available.
Simulating IC reliability with emphasis on process-flaw related early failures (1995)

A Monte-Carlo reliability simulator for integrated circuits (IC) that incorporates the effects of process flaws, material properties, the mask layout, and use conditions is presented. The mask layout is decomposed into distinct objects, such as contiguous metal runs, vias, contacts, and gate-oxides, for which user-defined distributions are used for determining the failure probability. These distributions are represented by a mixture of defect-related and wearout-related distributions. The failure distributions for nets (sets of interconnected layout objects) are obtained by combining the distributions of their component objects. System reliability is obtained by applying control variate sampling to the logic network which is comprised of all nets. The effects of k-out-of-n substructures within the reliability network are accounted for. The methodology is illustrated by the effect of particulate-induced defects on metal runs and vias in a simple test circuit. The results qualitatively verify the methodology and show that predictions which incorporate failures due to process flaws are appreciably more pessimistic than those obtained from current practice.
Projecte d’innovació docent: Drets de a Infància i Ciutadania Global a les facultats d’educació. Implementació i avaluació des d’una proposta col·laborativa entre universitats (2017)

El poster presenta els primers resultats de l’experiencia d’implementacio i avaluacio de la proposta formativa “Los derechos de la infancia y la ciudadania global en las facultades de educacion” que es desenvolupa durant els cursos 2016/2017 y 2017/2018. Hi varen participar 4 universitats, 23 docents i mes de 750 alumnes. Els resultats mostren la bona rebuda de les activitats d’ensenyament – aprenentatge i els punts forts que varen identificar-se S’afegeixen recomanacions per a futures implementacions.