gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance of One- Compared With Two-Catheter Concepts in Transradial Coronary Angiography (from the Randomized Use of Different Diagnostic Catheters-Radial-Trial) (2018)

The Use of Different Diagnostic Catheters-Radial-Trial sought to compare the safety and efficacy of one-catheter concepts (OCC) using Tiger II or BLK catheters with two-catheter concepts (TCC) using standard Judkins catheters for transradial coronary angiography. A total of 300 patients planed for coronary angiography were enrolled into this single-center, single-blinded trial. Patients were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to either OCC by Tiger II (n = 100) and BLK (n = 100) or TCC by Judkins (n = 100) catheters. Primary end point was time required to perform a complete coronary angiography. Coronary angiography duration was 603 ± 29 seconds and 552 ± 26 sec in the OCC and the TCC groups (p = 0.052). Fluoroscopy time was longer in the OCC (408 ± 28 sec) as compared with the TCC group (258 ± 28 sec, p = 0.009) and the amount of contrast volume used significantly higher (98 ± 5 ml vs 67 ± 4 ml, p < 0.001). Crossover rates were increased in the OCC as compared with the TCC group (37% vs 4%, p < 0.001). These effects were observed irrespective of OCC catheter type. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that OCC do not reduce angiography time, but are associated with an increased amount of contrast volume and longer fluoroscopy time as compared with TCC.
The technologies of printing (2009)

The technique of printing and its ancillary processes is more certainly known for the eighteenth century than for any previous period. Changes in the technology of printing were driven by an increase in the scale of production, which was the fruit of the rapid increase in the population and its urbanization during the course of the nineteenth century, and of the improvement in networks for the distribution of products. Copperplate engraving and printing was a technique that differed radically from that of letterpress printing, and the two trades were generally carried on separately. Some major printing houses may have had several copperplate presses if an important part of their work included the printing of maps and charts. The introduction of industrial techniques to printing seems at first halting and partial if one compares it with contemporary changes in other industries.
Venom and viral expression products of the endoparasitic wasp Campoletis sonorensis share epitopes and related sequences. (1990)

Endoparasitic wasps of lepidopteran insects must induce changes in host immunity and development to survive. Depending on the species, this may require wasp venom proteins and/or a polydnavirus. We describe an immunological and genetic relationship between the Campoletis sonorensis polydnavirus and the wasp's venom gland. Monoclonal antibodies raised against venom glands recognized epitopes conserved on several polydnavirus proteins and on multiple wasp oviduct and venom proteins. The viral envelope proteins had molecular masses of 16, 20, 45, and 50 kDa, while a complex of at least five immunoreactive venom-gland and soluble oviduct proteins ranged in size from 24 to 36 kDa. Since the conserved epitopes were present on the viral envelope, neutralization assays were performed. Monoclonal antibodies added to purified virus blocked the normal viral inhibition of host growth and development. To determine whether venom mRNA and viral genes were also related, venom-related cDNA clones were isolated from the wasp oviduct with a venom-gland cDNA probe. Venom-related viral clones were then identified and selected from a viral genomic library and from a parasitized Heliothis virescens cDNA library. Venom-related mRNAs were expressed in the venom gland, the oviduct, and the parasitized host. We propose that the immunological relationship between venom and viral proteins, and the hybridization of venom and viral genes, may reflect an evolutionary relationship in which venom gene homologs were incorporated into the viral genome, thereby allowing viral expression of venom-related genes and enhancing parasite survival.
Encoding innate ability through a genomic bottleneck (2021)

A bstract Animals are born with extensive innate behavioral capabilities, which arise from neural circuits encoded in the genome. However, the information capacity of the genome is orders of magnitude smaller than that needed to specify the connectivity of an arbitrary brain circuit, indicating that the rules encoding circuit formation must fit through a “genomic bottleneck” as they pass from one generation to the next. Here we formulate the problem of innate behavioral capacity in the context of artificial neural networks in terms of lossy compression of the weight matrix. We find that several standard network architectures can be compressed by several orders of magnitude, yielding pre-training performance that can approach that of the fully-trained network. Interestingly, for complex but not for simple test problems, the genomic bottleneck algorithm also captures essential features of the circuit, leading to enhanced transfer learning to novel tasks and datasets. Our results suggest that compressing a neural circuit through the genomic bottleneck serves as a regularizer, enabling evolution to select simple circuits that can be readily adapted to important real-world tasks. The genomic bottleneck also suggests how innate priors can complement conventional approaches to learning in designing algorithms for artificial intelligence.
Simian immunodeficiency virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and cell-associated viral RNA levels in distinct lymphoid compartments of SIVmac-infected rhesus monkeys (2000)

Major histocompatibility class I-peptide tetramer technology and simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques (SIVmac)-infected rhesus monkeys were used to clarify the distribution of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in secondary lymphoid organs and to assess the relationship between these CTL and the extent of viral replication in the various anatomic compartments. SIVmac Gag epitope-specific CD8(+) T cells were evaluated in the spleen, bone marrow, tonsils, thymus, and 5 different lymph node compartments of 4 SIVmac-infected rhesus monkeys. The average percentage of CD8(+) T lymphocytes that bound this tetramer in all the different lymph node compartments was similar to that in peripheral blood lymphocytes in individual monkeys. The percentage of CD8(+) T cells that bound the tetramer in the thymus was uniformly low in the monkeys. However, the percentage of CD8(+) T cells that bound the tetramer in bone marrow and spleen was consistently higher than that seen in lymph nodes and peripheral blood. The phenotypic profile of the tetramer-binding CD8(+) T lymphocytes in the different lymphoid compartments was similar, showing a high expression of activation-associated adhesion molecules and a low level expression of naive T-cell-associated molecules. Surprisingly, no correlation was evident between the percentage of tetramer-binding CD8(+) T lymphocytes and the magnitude of the cell-associated SIV RNA level in each lymphoid compartment of individual monkeys. These studies suggest that a dynamic process of trafficking may obscure the tendency of CTL to localize in particular regional lymph nodes or that some lymphoid organs may provide milieus that are particularly conducive to CTL expansion. (Blood. 2000;96:1474-1479)
β-Caryophyllene inhibits monoacylglycerol lipase activity and increases 2-AG levels: a new mechanism of endocannabinoid-mediated analgesia? (2021)

Introduction. β-Caryophyllene (BCP) has been shown to be an effective anti-inflammatory agent in chronic and inflammatory pain models. Since limited data are available for BCP in acute pain, we tested efficacy of BCP in an acute post-surgical pain model. Methods. BCP was tested in an acute postsurgical pain model. Animals were treated with vehicle, 10, 25, 50 and 75 mg/kg BCP that was injected intra-peritoneally (i.p.). Time dependent paw withdrawal response (PWR) were evaluated using von Frey filaments and plasma and tissue samples were taken. BCP levels were determined in tissue (paw and spine) and plasma using an HPLC-MS based approach. Endocannabinoids (2-arachidonoylglycerol) were also evaluated in plasma and tissues using an HPLC-MS based approach. Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) activity was evaluated in-vitro as well as ex vivo. Results. A dose-dependent improvement of hyperalgesia was observed up to 85% of the baseline value 30 minutes after administration of the highest BCP dose of 75 mg/kg. A BCP dose-dependent increase in the 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) levels was observed with 9.9 ± 6.4 ng/mL in the 75 mg/kg dose group as compared to vehicle controls with 3.0 ± 2.5 ng/mL. In vitro MAGL enzyme activity assessment using 2-AG as the substrate revealed an IC50 of 7.4 µM of BCP for MAGL inhibition. Conclusion. These data showed that BCP inhibits MAGL activity in-vitro and in-vivo causing 2-AG levels to rise. Since the endocannabinoid 2-AG is a CB1 and CB2 receptor agonist, we propose the 2-AG-mediated cannabinoid receptor activation may contribute to BCP’s mechanism of analgesia.
Organic–Inorganic Sol–Gel Composites Incorporating Semiconductor Nanocrystals for Optical Gain Applications (2009)

Organic-inorganic sol-gel composite incorporating highly emitting CdSe/ZnS quantum dots and CdSe/CdS/ZnS quantum rods is reported. Optical gain measurements conducted on a quantum rod/sol-gel composite film show stable room temperature amplified spontaneous emission under ambient conditions.
Von Willebrand syndrome induced by a Bothrops venom factor: bioassay for venom coagglutinin. (2020)

Hereditary deficiency of the macromolecular Factor VIII complex results in classic von Willebrand disease in man and animals, a bleeder state characterized by loss of the multiple biologic activities associated with the Factor VIII complex, including the platelet-aggregating von Willebrand factor. The bleeding time is also long. Venom coagglutinin, a Bothrops factor that causes platelet aggregation in vitro, depletes the plasma of its von Willebrand factor. The rate of platelet aggregation is a function of the amount of the coagglutinin present. Based on this observation, a sensitive and quantitative assay for the venom coagglutinin was developed. We administered the purified Bothrops factor to normal pigs and dogs and induced a von Willebrand syndrome similar to the inherited disease. The plasma von Willebrand factor was severely depleted; the antihemophilic factor and the Factor VIII-related antigen were not depleted as much. The bleeding time was normal. During the induction phase of the syndrome, transient thrombocytopenia with a long bleeding time occurred. The pig was less sensitive than the dog to the effect of coagglutinin. The severity of the syndrome is determined by the amount of venom coagglutinin administered. It is suggested that the syndrome could be induced in any mammalian species because the plasma of all mammals tested in vitro is sensitive to the venom factor. This model provides another avenue for the study of the heterogeneity of the Factor VIII complex and the pathophysiology of its components.
Analytical Methods in Conduction Heat Transfer (1971)

Keywords: transfert de chaleur ; conduction ; analyse ; numerique ; superposition ; methodes : numeriques ; differences : finies ; elements : finis ; methodes de : calcul Reference Record created on 2005-11-18, modified on 2016-08-08
Reversal of spherical remodelling of the left atrium after pulmonary vein isolation: incidence and predictors (2014)

Pulmonary vein isolation leads to spherical RR in a substantial proportion of patients, and in higher proportion of patients with paroxysmal AF. Reverse remodelling may be caused by a combination of scarring and myocardial structural recovery. Changes in LASP might be more specific than volume reduction to detect favourable remodelling.
Thomson parabola and time-of-flight detector cross-calibration methodology on the ALLS 100 TW laser-driven ion acceleration beamline (2020)

We report on the cross-calibration of Thomson Parabola (TP) and Time-of-Flight (TOF) detectors as particle diagnostics, implemented on the most recent setup of the ALLS 100 TW laser-driven ion acceleration beamline. The Microchannel Plate (MCP) used for particle detection in the TP spectrometer has been calibrated in intensity on the tandem linear accelerator at the Université de Montréal. The experimental data points of the scaling factor were obtained by performing a pixel cluster analysis of single proton impacts on the MCP. A semi-empirical model was extrapolated and fitted to the data to apply the calibration also to higher kinetic energies and to extend it to other ion species. Two TOF lines using diamond detectors, placed at +6° and -9° with respect to the target-normal axis, were benchmarked against the TP spectrometer measurements to determine the field integrals related to its electric and magnetic dispersions. The mean integral proton numbers obtained on the beamline were about 4.1 × 10<sup>11</sup> protons/sr with a standard deviation of 15% in the central section of the spectrum around 3 MeV, hence witnessing the high repeatability of the proton bunch generation. The mean maximum energy was of 7.3 ± 0.5 MeV, well in agreement with similar other 100 TW-scale laser facilities, with the best shots reaching 9 MeV and nearly 10<sup>12</sup> protons/sr. The used particle diagnostics are compatible with the development of a high-repetition rate targetry due to their fast online readout and are therefore a crucial step in the automation of any beamline.
Examination of Sensing for Perception of Internal State in Peristaltic Mixer (2019)

The authors have developed a peristaltic mixer simulating intestinal movement that can transport highly viscous fluids and mixed fluids of solid and liquid. Currently, we are aiming to manufacture solid propellant and realize sediment transport. In this report, we will consider real-time understanding of the internal state of the equipment by sensing compressed air related to the drive of the equipment. Specifically, since volumetric change of contents occurs at the time of solid propellant production, we attempted to detect volume change of contents. From the experimental results, we believe that it is possible to detect the volume change of contents.
Genome-based outcome prediction in MYCN nonamplified high-risk neuroblastoma. (2012)

9534 Background: Less than 40% of children with high-risk neuroblastoma achieve long-term survival, and at diagnosis, it is not possible to identify patients who will be cured. Microarray studies have proposed expression signatures associated with outcome within high-risk cohorts. However, integrating this technology as a clinical test has been difficult, in part due to the lack of available frozen tissue and high quality RNA. The nCounter overcomes this obstacle, using formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue (FFPE). Our objective is to test the correlation of a previously published “ultra high-risk” microarray gene signature developed in the MYCN nonamplified high-risk population (Asgharzadeh et al, J Natl Cancer Inst, 2006) with the gene expression signature obtained with the nCounter (NanoString Technologies) using RNA isolated from FFPE MYCN nonamplified high-risk neuroblastoma samples. Methods: FFPE tumor samples linked to clinical outcome data were obtained from 6 collaborative institutions. Tumor content of each sample was assessed morphologically. RNA was isolated using the RNeasy FFPE-kit. Customized probes corresponding to the candidate genes were designed by NanoString. Hybridization reactions were performed in duplicate using 100 ng of RNA. Positive and negative control probes and housekeeping probes were included in every reaction and were used to normalize data for differences in purification, hybridization, and capture efficiencies Results: Forty-two MYCN nonamplified high-risk neuroblastoma samples were analyzed by the nCounter. The cohort 5-year event-free survival and overall survival were 44.6 +/- 8.0% and 53.8 +/- 8.4% respectively. Highly degraded RNA (RIN ~ 1.5-2.8) was obtained. Unsupervised clustering and principle components analysis on normalized expression data showed differential expression of most of the genes with clustering of cases depending upon outcome (FDR = 0.05). Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that the nCounter can yield gene expression profiles that are similar to microarray gene signatures. Further investigation of the clinical utility the nCounter technology to prognosticate outcome in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma is warranted.
Efficient Organic Tandem Solar Cells based on Small Molecules (2011)

Abstract In this paper, two vacuum processed single heterojunction organic solar cells with complementary absorption are described and the construction and optimization of tandem solar cells based on the combination of these heterojunctions demonstrated. The red‐absorbing heterojunction consists of C 60 and a fluorinated zinc phthalocyanine derivative (F4‐ZnPc) that leads to a 0.1–0.15 V higher open circuit voltage V oc than the commonly used ZnPc. The second heterojunction incorporates C 60 and a dicyanovinyl‐capped sexithiophene derivative (DCV6T) that mainly absorbs in the green. The combination of both heterojunctions into one tandem solar cell leads to an absorption over the whole visible range of the sun spectrum. Thickness variations of the transparent p‐doped optical spacer between both subcells in the tandem solar cell is shown to lead to a significant change in short circuit current density j sc due to optical interference effects, whereas V oc and fill factor are hardly affected. The maximum efficiency η of about 5.6% is found for a spacer thickness of 150‐165 nm. Based on the optimized 165nm thick spacer, effects of intensity and angle of illumination, and temperature on a tandem device are investigated. Variations in illumination intensity lead to a linear change in j sc over three orders of magnitude and a nearly constant η in the range of 30 to 310 mW cm −2 . Despite the stacked heterojunctions, the performance of the tandem device is robust against different illumination angles: j sc and η closely follow a cosine behavior between 0° and 70°. Investigations of the temperature behavior of the tandem device show an increase in η of 0.016 percentage points per Kelvin between −20 °C and 25 °C followed by a plateau up to 50 °C. Finally, further optimization of the tandem stack results in a certified η of (6.07 ± 0.24)% on (1.9893 ± 0.0060)cm 2 (Fraunhofer ISE), i.e., areas large enough to be of relevance for modules.
Tongues Untied: A Bridge over Interlanguage for Learning Online (2009)

Unfettered electronic live chat can bridge the gap between fear and freedom in learning a new language.Free-of-cost chat rooms that have been used for more than fifteen years to stimulate creativity and foster the development of successful learning strategies in a foreign language have permitted learners unrestricted contexts in which to improve grammar and vocabulary as they escape from "interlanguage".But electronic live chat has been regarded with suspicion by many educators, as Noet-Morand (2003), among others, has pointed out; complaints about the academic/pedagogical viability of chat have surrounded its failure to help students with pronunciation, its inability to engage the paralinguistic and kinesic aspects of conversation, and its inadequacy in thought processing development in a new tongue.Simple, exemplary methods exist, however, that incorporate live chat effectively into online coursework to keep learning current, "real", and relevant.Moreover, live chat has been demonstrated to reduce student timidity, even as it encourages participation and the development of useful conversational strategies.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Synthesis of 5‐Substituted 1H‐Tetrazoles Catalyzed by Cu—Zn Alloy Nanopowder, Conversion into 1,5‐ and 2,5‐Disubstituted Tetrazoles, and Synthesis and NMR Studies of New Tetrazolium Ionic Liquids. (2012)

Abstract Cycloaddition of a wide variety of aromatic and aliphatic nitriles with sodium azide proceeds smoothly in the presence of Cu—Zn alloy nanopowder to give 5‐substituted tetrazoles (II) and (VII) in good yields.
Percutaneous Posterolateral Discectomy (1987)

The evacuation and decompression of the herniated lumbar disc through a sheath inserted dorsolaterally represents a new concept in the treatment of radiculopathy associated with disc herniation. Only a small portion of the spinal nerve before its descent and positioning anterior to the transverse process is subject to insult by an instrument introduced into the intervertebral disc through a posterolateral approach. The chance of injury to the spinal nerve is further minimized when the instruments are introduced a distance of approximately 9–10 cm from the midline, parallel to the vertebral plates, and penetrating the annulus at 10 o'clock or 2 o'clock. The rapid decline of intradiscal pressure after dorsolateral fenestration of the annulus appears to be an important factor in the relief of sciatic pain following percutaneous posterolateral discectomy. The evacuation and decompression of an extruded intervertebral disc with a straight instrument may not be possible. Patients with sequestered discs require laminectomy.
Pharmacokinetics and intramuscular bioavailability of amikacin in chickens following single and multiple dosing (1992)

The pharmacokinetics of amikacin were studied in healthy mature female chickens (n = 6). Single doses of amikacin were injected as an i.v. bolus (10 mg/kg) and i.m. (20 mg/kg) into the same birds with a 30-day rest period between treatments. Amikacin was determined by the fluorescence polarization immunoassay method. The i.v. pharmacokinetics could be described by a two-compartment model with a t1/2 alpha of 0.150 +/- 0.064 h and a t1/2 beta of 1.44 +/- 0.34 h. The total body clearance was 0.109 +/- 0.017 1/h/kg and the volume of distribution at steady-state was 0.193 +/- 0.060 l/kg. Following a single i.m. injection, the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) was 50.79 +/- 4.05 micrograms/ml and occurred at 0.50 +/- 0.26 h. The i.m. extent of absorption was 91.2 +/- 17.6%. Simultaneous modeling of i.v. and i.m. results provided estimates of an absorption half-life of 0.480 +/- 0.158 h. The i.m. pharmacokinetics after repeated administration were studied following the tenth dose (20 mg/kg, every 8 h). The Cssmax was 38.58 +/- 6.96 micrograms/ml and occurred at 0.79 +/- 0.37 h, and the biological half-life of amikacin was 1.86 +/- 0.47 h. The multiple dosing yielded peak concentrations of 39 micrograms/ml and trough concentrations of 3.26 micrograms/ml. Based on these data, the recommended amikacin dosage in chickens is 20 mg/kg body weight every 8 h.
Draft genome sequence of Inquilinus limosus strain MP06, a multidrug-resistant clinical isolate. (2016)

The bacterium, Inquilinus limosus, with its remarkable antimicrobial multiresistant profile, has increasingly been isolated in cystic fibrosis patients. We report draft genome sequence of a strain MP06, which is of considerable interest in elucidating the associated mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in this bacterium and for an insight about its persistence in airways of these patients.