gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Drone-based polarization imaging for phenotyping peanut in response to leaf spot disease (2022)

Polarization imaging has been used extensively in applications related to atmospheric monitoring, remote sensing, and quality control. However, it has been used less extensively in agricultural applications, where color sensing - either red, green, and blue (RGB) imaging, multispectral, and/or hyperspectral cameras are more common. In this paper, we discuss our preliminary results related to the use of polarization imaging to quantify defoliation in peanut plants in response to leaf spot disease. A key metric for breeding resistant peanut varieties involves identifying the point at which defoliation occurs. Since defoliation is a geometrical property of the plant canopy, we investigated whether polarization imaging can provide a better-automated score when compared to conventional visual scoring. Initial results are presented, as well as a discussion of our drone-based platform and our experimental trials conducted during the 2021 North Carolina growing season.
Preliminary functional characterization of a 24,000 dalton platelet surface protein involved in platelet activation. (1985)

We have recently investigated three monoclonal antibodies, FMC 8, FMC 48 and FMC 56, directed against a 24,000 dalton (24K) cell surface protein on human platelets and pre-B progenitor cells. These monoclonal antibodies (at 0.1-10 micrograms/ml) were found to be potent inducers of platelet aggregation with normal and with aspirin-treated platelets. FMC 8 Fab' and FMC 56 (Fab')2 fragments blocked aggregation induced by intact antibody. The Fab' and (Fab')2 fragments, however, were ineffective by themselves (at 100 micrograms/ml) as platelet agonists but augmented (at 10-25 micrograms/ml) the aggregation response of normal and aspirin-treated platelets to threshold concentrations of ADP. It has been suggested that the 24K cell surface protein may be identical to a 24K cAMP-dependent phosphoprotein involved in regulating transmembrane calcium flux. To examine this, 32P-phosphate-loaded platelets were treated with prostaglandin E1 to raise intracellular cAMP levels and then analysed on two-dimensional O'Farrell gels. No labelled phosphoprotein corresponded in mobility to the 24K cell surface protein. Further, FMC 56 failed to immunoprecipitate a 24K phosphoprotein. The combined results suggest that the three monoclonal antibodies activate platelets via a prostaglandin-independent and as yet undefined mechanism which requires the intact bivalent antibody for full platelet response. Fab' fragments (monovalent) and (Fab')2 fragments (altered Fab-Fab configuration) are ineffective as platelet agonists but can augment the response of other stimuli. Thus, further studies with this system should allow delineation of those intracellular events necessary for partial and full platelet responses.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON NON-ADIABATIC FLOW OF HFC-134a THROUGH CAPILLARY TUBES (2000)

This paper discusses results from an experimental work on concentric capillary tube-suction line heat exchangers commonly used as refrigerant control devices in household refrigerators and freezers. Heat exchanger performance with the hydrofluorcarbon R-134a was experimentally evaluated for a range of heat exchanger geometries (diameter and length of the capillary tube, length and position of the heat exchanger) and operating boundary conditions (condensing pressure and subcooling). The results provided enough data to study the influence of the independent variables (geometry and operating conditions) on the dependent variables (refrigerant mass flow rate and temperature profiles).
Concurrent error detection in block ciphers (2002)

Today, encryption is widely used to incorporate privacy in data communications. Hardware implementations of encryption algorithms are fast enough to cope with the high throughput required in modern transmission channels. However, faults may occur in such circuits that can cause errors in encrypted text. A new technique is proposed to concurrently detect errors in block ciphers. It introduces very low area overhead in the system. In addition, a new encoding scheme is presented that has higher detection capabilities than other common error detection codes, when applied to encryption systems. Experiments conducted with widely used encryption algorithms (DES, RC5, IDEA and SKIPJACK) demonstrate the advantages of the proposed technique.
Benchmark Comparison of HyRAM and ALDEA Software for Hydrogen Release Behavior (2021)

There are several different calculation approaches and tools that can be used to evaluate the risk of hydrogen energy applications. A comparative study of Air Liquide?s ALDEA (Air Liquide Dispersion and Explosion Assessment) tools suite and Sandia?s HyRAM (Hydrogen Risk Assessment Models) toolkit has been conducted. The purpose of this study was to understand and evaluate the differences between the two calculation approaches, and identify areas for model improvements. There were several scenarios examined in this effort regarding hydrogen release dynamics. These scenarios include free jet release cases at varying pressures, vessel blowdown, and hydrogen build-up scenarios with and without ventilation. For each scenario, the input and output of the HyRAM calculations are documented, along with a comparison to the ALDEA results. Generally, the results from the two different tools were reasonably aligned. However, there were fundamental differences in evaluation methodology and functional limitations in HyRAM that caused discrepancies in some calculations.
A Disconnect in Stakeholders' Perceptions from Emerging Realities of Teledensity Growth in Africa's Least Developed Countries (2004)

With the dynamic and meteoric rise in teledensity diffusion across Sub Saharan Africa, one would expect a departure in the perceptions of stakeholders as they relate to the Bernt and Weiss framework that identifies organizational, financial, technological, and geographical factors as the key impediments to teledensity growth. The findings of this research show that there is disconnect between current happenings and perception of stakeholders. Specifically, there is no change in stakeholders’ perceptions with respect to the framework mentioned above. However, historical and recent teledensity data from Africa’s Least Developed Countries illustrate that the model is inconsistent with the emerging realities in these countries, and that it may be getting obsolete. This leads us to conjecture that in this new dispensation, there may be some emerging factors, issues, constraints, and opportunities that may be of greater importance to understanding telecommunications capabilities in these countries and the world at large.
A new method for spin estimation using the data of Doppler radar (2002)

A new approach for spin measurements using the extended Prony method and an LMS adaptive filter is introduced. Experiments and real measured radar data computation is conducted. The results show that this method is efficient for the Doppler and spin measurements.
The Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Atypical Parkinsonism (2016)

Causal treatments for neurodegenerative diseases are now being developed and tested, and thus a molecular diagnosis is desirable. This will require the cooperation of primary care physicians with specialized centers.
A highly sensitive, rapid screening method for the detection of antibodies directed against HLA class I and II antigens (1993)

Screening of potential transplant recipients for antibodies that can cause graft rejection is an essential part of the pre-transplant monitoring carried out by tissue typing laboratories. This is a time-consuming process and the rapid reporting of results is dependent on the maintenance of frozen cell panels. The usual procedure of screening against a panel of random cells takes up to 6 weeks. In this study we have used flow cytometric analysis of pooled chronic lymphatic leukaemia (CLL) cells to detect antibodies directed against HLA antigens. We show that FACS screening of pooled cells can accurately and rapidly detect these antibodies and that the method is suitable for routine use. An estimate of the degree of patient panel reactivity can be determined within a few hours. In addition, the technique is more sensitive than those conventionally used, an advantage that may be of importance in preventing graft damage.
Supplementary Table 8 from Genome-Wide Promoter Analysis Uncovers Portions of the Cancer Methylome (2023)

Supplementary Table 8 from Genome-Wide Promoter Analysis Uncovers Portions of the Cancer Methylome
Connected Filtering on Tree-Based Shape-Spaces (2015)

Connected filters are well-known for their good contour preservation property. A popular implementation strategy relies on tree-based image representations: for example, one can compute an attribute characterizing the connected component represented by each node of the tree and keep only the nodes for which the attribute is sufficiently high. This operation can be seen as a thresholding of the tree, seen as a graph whose nodes are weighted by the attribute. Rather than being satisfied with a mere thresholding, we propose to expand on this idea, and to apply connected filters on this latest graph. Consequently, the filtering is performed not in the space of the image, but in the space of shapes built from the image. Such a processing of shape-space filtering is a generalization of the existing tree-based connected operators. Indeed, the framework includes the classical existing connected operators by attributes. It also allows us to propose a class of novel connected operators from the leveling family, based on non-increasing attributes. Finally, we also propose a new class of connected operators that we call morphological shapings. Some illustrations and quantitative evaluations demonstrate the usefulness and robustness of the proposed shape-space filters.
Immunoglobulin M Antibody Responses toMycobacterium ulceransAllow Discrimination between Cases of Active Buruli Ulcer Disease and Matched Family Controls in Areas Where the Disease Is Endemic (2004)

Buruli ulcer disease (BUD) is an emerging disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. In the present study we have characterized the serological reactivities of sera from volunteer case patients with laboratory-confirmed BUD and controls living in three different regions of Ghana where the disease is endemic to determine if serology may be useful for disease confirmation. Our results showed highly reactive immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses among patients with laboratory-confirmed disease, healthy control family members of the case patients, and sera from patients with tuberculosis from areas where BUD is not endemic. These responses were represented by reactivities to multiple protein bands found in the M. ulcerans culture filtrate (CF). In contrast, patient IgM antibody responses to the M. ulcerans CF (MUCF) proteins were more distinct than those of healthy family members living in the same village. A total of 84.8% (56 of 66) of the BUD patients exhibited strong IgM antibody responses against MUCF proteins (30, 43 and 70 to 80 kDa), whereas only 4.5% (3 of 66) of the family controls exhibited such responses. The sensitivity of the total IgM response for the patients was 84.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 74.3 to 91.6%), and the specificity determined with sera from family controls was 95.5% (95% CI, 87.5 to 98.4%). These studies suggest that the IgM responses of patients with BUD will be helpful in the identification and production of the M. ulcerans recombinant antigens required for the development of a sensitive and specific serological assay for the confirmation of active BUD.
Single-cell RNA sequencing of Tocilizumab-treated peripheral blood mononuclear cells as an in vitro model of inflammation (2020)

COVID-19 has posed a significant threat to global health. Early data has revealed that IL-6, a key regulatory cytokine, plays an important role in the cytokine storm of COVID-19. Multiple trials are therefore looking at the effects of Tocilizumab, an IL-6 receptor antibody that inhibits IL-6 activity, on treatment of COVID-19, with promising findings. As part of a clinical trial looking at the effects of Tocilizumab treatment on kidney transplant recipients with subclinical rejection, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of comparing stimulated PBMCs before and after Tocilizumab treatment. We leveraged this data to create an in vitro cytokine storm model, to better understand the effects of Tocilizumab in the presence of inflammation. Tocilizumab-treated cells had reduced expression of inflammatory-mediated genes and biologic pathways, particularly amongst monocytes. These results support the hypothesis that Tocilizumab may hinder the cytokine storm of COVID-19, through a demonstration of biologic impact at the single-cell level.
Image Denoising of Low Dose PET Mouse Scans with Deep Learning: Validation Study for Cross-Tracer Preclinical Imaging Applicability (2023)

Abstract Purpose: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) image quality can be improved by higher injected activity and/or longer acquisition time, but both may often not be practical in preclinical imaging. Common preclinical radioactive doses (10 MBq) have been shown to cause deterministic changes in biological pathways. Reducing the injected tracer activity and/or shortening the scan time inevitably results in low-count acquisitions which poses a challenge because of the inherent noise introduction. We present an image-based deep learning (DL) framework for denoising lower count micro-PET images. Procedures: For 36 mice, a 15-min 18 F-FDG (8.15 ± 1.34 MBq) PET scan was acquired at 40 min post-injection on the Molecubes b-CUBE (in list mode). The 15-min acquisition (high-count) was parsed into smaller time fractions of 7.50, 3.75, 1.50 and 0.75 mins to emulate images reconstructed at 50, 25, 10 and 5% of the full counts, respectively. A 2D U-Net was trained with mean-squared-error loss on 28 high-low count image pairs. Results: The DL algorithms were visually and quantitatively compared to spatial and edge-preserving denoising filters; the DL-based methods effectively removed image noise and recovered image details much better while keeping quantitative (SUV) accuracy. The largest improvement in image quality was seen in the images reconstructed with 10 and 5% of the counts (equivalent to sub-1-MBq or sub-1-min mouse imaging). The DL-based denoising framework was also successfully applied on the NEMA-NU4 phantom and different tracer studies ( 18 F-PSMA, 18 F-FAPI and 68 Ga-FAPI). Conclusion: Visual and quantitative results support the superior performance and robustness in image denoising of the implemented DL models for low statistics micro-PET. This offers tremendous flexibility in optimizing scan protocols with reduced tracer doses or shorter durations.
Functional Organic Materials for Optoelectronic Applications (2019)

Guest Editors Graeme Cooke, Ivana Evans and Peter Skabara introduce this themed collection on functional organic materials for optoelectronic applications, in celebration of Professor Martin Bryce’s contributions to this field.
ORAL PRESENTATION OF POSTTRANSPLANTATION LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS (1996)

Cyclosporine, an immunosuppressive agent widely used in organ transplantation, has several undesirable side effects, including gingival hyperplasia, which occurs in up to 70% of patients. Another complication associated with use of cyclosporine and other immunosuppressants is an increased incidence of malignancies. Long-term use of cyclosporine also is associated with a spectrum of hyperproliferative disorders ranging from reactive lymphoid hyperplasia to aggressive malignant lymphomas. While cyclosporine-related lymphoproliferative disorders have been widely reported, they have not been described in the oral cavity as the first manifestation of this disease. We report on two cardiac transplantation patients with a history of cyclosporine use who presented initially with oral symptoms of lymphoproliferative disorder. Both had erythematous to cyanotic and hyperplastic gingiva. On gingivectomy, the fixed tissue was soft, glistening, and tan colored, in contrast to the usual firm, white, cyclosporine-associated, benign gingival fibrous hyperplasia. Histologically, a dense, diffuse infiltrate of lymphoplasmacytoid cells with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, a moderate amount of cytoplasm, and high mitotic activity was observed. Immunocytochemical studies confirmed that the cells were monoclonal for lambda light chains in one patient and kappa light chains in the other. The cells from one patient were positive for CD45, while both patients were negative for CD20 and all nonhematopoietic antigens tested. Both tissues were strongly positive for Epstein-Barr virus. Morphology and immunocytochemistry findings are consistent with a posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder. These are the first two reported cases of cyclosporine-associated posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders presenting as gingival hyperplasia.
Reconstrucción plantar con matriz de regeneración dérmica (Integra ® ) en paciente quemado eléctrico. Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura (2017)

Reconstrucción plantar; Matriz de regeneración dérmica ResumenIntroducción: Las lesiones complejas de la cara plantar del pie son de difícil manejo desde el punto de vista reconstructivo.En la literatura el tratamiento de elección es la cobertura mediante colgajos libres.Nuestro objetivo es presentar el caso de un paciente con una lesión plantar compleja, exitosamente resuelta con el uso de matriz de regeneración dérmica (Integra ® ) e injerto dermoepidérmico.Caso clínico: Hombre de 35 años, que sufre quemadura eléctrica de alta tensión con lesión compleja plantar bilateral.Se manejó con escarectomías sucesivas hasta delimitar el daño tisular, y posterior cobertura con Integra ® e injerto con resultado estético y funcional óptimo.
HGF and c-Met Participate in Paracrine Tumorigenic Pathways in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer (2009)

These results show that HGF acts mainly as a paracrine factor in HNSCC cells, the HGF/c-Met pathway is frequently up-regulated and functional in HNSCC, and a clinically relevant c-Met TKI shows antitumor activity in vivo. Blocking the HGF/c-Met pathway may be clinically useful for the treatment of HNSCC.
Catalytic Asymmetric Hydrogenation in the Manufacture of d-Biotin and Dextromethorphan (1997)

Two enantiomerically pure products, (+)-biotin and dextromethorphan, have been chosen to illustrate the acquisition, development, and implementation of the catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation technology at Lonza Fine Chemicals. Taking advantage of the recently developed Ciba-Geigy ferrocenyl-type phosphine ligands, processes for the stereoselective hydrogenation of a C=C- and a C=N bond, respectively, have been developed and successfully scaled up.
Tendon Disorders of the Foot and Ankle, Part 2 (2009)

Disorders of the Achilles tendon include both acute and chronic ruptures as well as a spectrum of chronic overuse injuries involving inflammatory and degenerative changes within the tendon and surrounding tissues. These injuries are relatively common in athletes as well as among the general population. There is no consensus on the optimal treatment of Achilles tendon disorders. The goals of this review are to develop a current understanding of the anatomy and diagnostic evaluation of the Achilles tendon, and to present current treatment options and the authors' preferred surgical techniques for operative management of Achilles tendon disorders.
Synthesis, characterization of some new 1-aroyl-3-(4-aminosulfonylphenyl)thioureas and crystal structure of 1-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)- 3-(4-aminosulfonylphenyl)thiourea (2011)

A small library of novel 1-aroyl-3-(4-aminosulfonylphenyl)thiourea derivatives was synthesized by the reaction of sulfanilamide with substituted aroyl isothiocyanates in dry acetonitrile. The scope of the reaction was indicated by the synthesis of 1-undecanoyl-3-(4-aminosulfonylphenyl)thiourea, an acyl derivative involving alkanoyl isothiocyanate. All the compounds have been characterized by analytical and spectroscopic methods and in one case by single-crystal X-ray diffraction data.
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Phosphoprotein Dimerization Domain Is Dispensable for Virus Growth (2019)

The phosphoprotein (P) of the nonsegmented negative-sense RNA viruses is a multimeric modular protein that is essential for RNA transcription and replication. Despite great variability in length and sequence, the architecture of this protein is conserved among the different viral families, with a long N-terminal intrinsically disordered region comprising a nucleoprotein chaperone module, a central multimerization domain (P<sub>MD</sub>), connected by a disordered linker to a C-terminal nucleocapsid-binding domain. The P protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) forms dimers, and here we investigate the importance of its dimerization domain, P<sub>MD</sub>, for viral gene expression and virus growth. A truncated P protein lacking the central dimerization domain (P<sub>ΔMD</sub>) loses its ability to form dimers both <i>in vitro</i> and in a yeast two-hybrid system but conserves its ability to bind N. In a minireplicon system, the truncated monomeric protein performs almost as well as the full-length dimeric protein, while a recombinant virus harboring the same truncation in the P protein has been rescued and follows replication kinetics similar to those seen with the wild-type virus, showing that the dimerization domain of P is dispensable for viral gene expression and virus replication in cell culture. Because RNA viruses have high mutation rates, it is unlikely that a structured domain such as a VSV dimerization domain would persist in the absence of a function(s), but our work indicates that it is not required for the functioning of the RNA polymerase machinery or for the assembly of new viruses.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> The phosphoprotein (P) is an essential and conserved component of all nonsegmented negative-sense RNA viruses, including some major human pathogens (e.g., rabies virus, measles virus, respiratory syncytial virus [RSV], Ebola virus, and Nipah virus). P is a modular protein with intrinsically disordered regions and folded domains that plays specific and similar roles in the replication of the different viruses and, in some cases, hijacks cell components to the advantage of the virus and is involved in immune evasion. All P proteins are multimeric, but the role of this multimerization is still unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the dimerization domain of VSV P is dispensable for the expression of virally encoded proteins and for virus growth in cell culture. This provides new insights into and raises questions about the functioning of the RNA-synthesizing machinery of the nonsegmented negative-sense RNA viruses.
Eco-Design of a Basin Mixer in Geometric Modeling Phase (2013)

Reducing the environmental impacts of products surrounding us in our daily lives has become a common concern for the industry as well as for consumers. The practice of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) allow s determin ing not only the environmental impacts centers but also the overriding factors on which it is still possible to act at the design phase. The geometric modeling phase in the design process represents an important step to make the necessary changes on the product in order to reduce its environmental hotspots. In this paper, we have eco-designed a basin mixer by acting on its geometric modeling phase, after identifying its various environmental hotspots from a LCA practiced and determining the factors still editable on CAD phase. An environmental comparison between the eco-designed mixer and the original one has been established, which shows a 66% reduction of impacts linked only to the amount of material used.