gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation method of aeroacoustic bogie noise of Shinkansen train considering the acoustic filed (2018)

Aerodynamic bogie noise generated from Shinkansen train is one of main sources above 300 km/h and its reduction is one of the important issues to conserve the environment along the railway lines. Currently, the contribution of aerodynamic bogie noise generated by a bogie at measuring points is estimated quantitatively by using a spatial distribution of sound pressure level (SPL) obtained by a two-dimensional microphone array in a wind tunnel test. However, it is necessary to account for noise generation precisely and the sound field appropriately by using acoustic properties such as ground reflection and insertion loss of a bogie side cover. In this paper, the transfer function from the integrated spatial distribution in SPL to the result obtained by an omnidirectional microphone is obtained by numerical method. This function is calculated under the bogie condition that side cover would be set and that the ground reflection effect would be included. The sound pressure level of aerodynamic bogie noise of Shinkansen train is estimated by using this transfer function and compared with the result obtained in the field test.
Identification of Candidate Biomarkers and Prognostic Analysis in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases (2021)

In this study, we identified a robust set of potential candidate biomarkers in CLM, which would provide potential value for early diagnosis and prognosis, and would promote molecular targeting therapy for CRC and CLM.
Evaluation of a Novel EEG Preamplifier (2006)

The authors performed initial clinical testing of a novel EEG transduction module (ETM), designed to record EEG signals from electrodes with high and unbalanced contact impedances. Twenty patients underwent two consecutive EEG studies. In the first, "experimental" study, electrodes were applied to an unprepared scalp, and the ETM performed initial signal transduction and pre-amplification. The second, "routine" EEG was acquired in the standard manner, with electrode contact impedances of 5 k Omega or less. Power spectral analysis was performed on all electrode signals from three experimental studies, and all studies were interpreted by three board-certified electro-encephalographers. Individual electrode impedances in the experimental studies ranged from 10 to 560 k Omega (mean 129 k Omega). Power spectra on 54 of 57 electrode signals analyzed were free of 60-Hz noise. The majority of experimental studies were technically adequate, and technical limitations were unrelated to the ETM. Interrater reliability of preparation-free and standard EEG interpretation was high. The ETM device is an effective "preparation-free" technology in the setting of a clinical EEG laboratory. It provided easily interpretable EEG signals free of 60-Hz noise, recorded from electrodes with high and unbalanced impedances placed on completely unprepared scalp with minimal electrode paste.
Adaptive along-track multi-channel sar interferometry for moving target detection and tracking (2005)

Along-track interferometry (ATI) is a SAR technique that can be used to detect moving targets and estimate radial velocities. This paper examines the possibility of generating the MTI statistic by utilizing a multi-channel ATI processing method. This method is based on a 2D adaptive filtering algorithm, called signal subspace processing, which was developed to blindly calibrate two channels of an along-track monopulse SAR system. The merits of this method are studied using both simulated data and real data from multi-channel airborne radar measurement (MCARM) system.
Stacked patch antenna and hybrid beamforming network for 5G picocell applications (2019)

This paper addresses the design of an antenna array for a portable picocell station with omnidirectional coverage. The proposed solution includes a stacked patch antenna as a single radiating element of the antenna array and a hybrid beamforming network. The antenna element works at 26 GHz with a bandwidth of 20% and a gain of approximately 8.5 dB along the operational bandwidth. The antenna is fed by a suspended stripline transitioned from a waveguide. This antenna element is used to compute a 5x12-element antenna array fed by the hybrid beamforming network. Results are analytically obtained for a fixed analog beamforming network that generates a csc squared pattern shape in elevation. Additionally, a digital beamforming network is computed to perform beamsteering for a desired set of constraints in the azimuth plane. Simulated results of the complete system yield promising insights on the capacity of the proposed design to provide omnidirectional coverage.
Entanglement Swapping Demonstration in the Telecom Band Using Polarization-Entangled Photon Pairs (2011)

Entanglement swapping at 1550 nm was experimentally demonstrated based on two polarization‐entangled photon pairs, which were created in two independent PPLN waveguides. Mandel dip was measured by using fourfold coincidences to yield a visibility of 71.8% and verify quantum interference between photons from two separated sources. By making Bell‐state measurement, the two initially independent photons were projected into an entanglement state. An interference visibility of 37.5% was observed for these two photons indicating the entanglement state was successfully swapped by using polarization‐entangled photon pairs in the telecom band.
Detection of Sudden Pedestrian Crossings for Driving Assistance Systems (2011)

In this paper, we study the problem of detecting sudden pedestrian crossings to assist drivers in avoiding accidents. This application has two major requirements: to detect crossing pedestrians as early as possible just as they enter the view of the car-mounted camera and to maintain a false alarm rate as low as possible for practical purposes. Although many current sliding-window-based approaches using various features and classification algorithms have been proposed for image-/video-based pedestrian detection, their performance in terms of accuracy and processing speed falls far short of practical application requirements. To address this problem, we propose a three-level coarse-to-fine video-based framework that detects partially visible pedestrians just as they enter the camera view, with low false alarm rate and high speed. The framework is tested on a new collection of high-resolution videos captured from a moving vehicle and yields a performance better than that of state-of-the-art pedestrian detection while running at a frame rate of 55 fps.
Lipid Mediators Up-regulate CD11b and Prime for Concordant Superoxide and Elastase Release in Human Neutrophils (1997)

PAF and LTB4 prime human PMNs for the concordant release of elastase, generation of O2-, and CD11b up-regulation. Understanding the physiologic characteristics of PMN priming may offer new therapeutic targets to avoid the development of multiple organ failure after injury.
Trace-based correction of breathing-induced field fluctuations in T2 * -weighted imaging of the spinal cord (2018)

Abstract Purpose Spinal cord MRI at ultra-high field is hampered by time-varying magnetic fields associated with the breathing cycle, giving rise to ghosting artifacts in multi-shot acquisitions. Here, we suggest a correction approach based on linking the signal from a respiratory bellows to field changes inside the spinal cord. The information is used to correct the data at the image reconstruction level. Methods The correction was demonstrated in the context of multi-shot T2*-weighted imaging of the cervical spinal cord at 7T. A respiratory trace was acquired during a high-resolution multi-echo gradient-echo sequence, used for structural imaging and quantitative T2* mapping, and a multi-shot EPI time series, as would be suitable for fMRI. The coupling between the trace and the breathing-induced fields was determined by a short calibration scan in each individual. Images were reconstructed with and without trace-based correction. Results In the multi-echo GRE, breathing-induced fields caused severe ghosting in the long echo time images, which led to a systematic underestimation of T2* in the spinal cord. The trace-based correction reduced the ghosting and increased the estimated T2* values. Breathing-related ghosting was also observed in the multi-shot EPI images. The correction largely removed the ghosting, thereby improving the temporal signal-to-noise ratio of the time series. Conclusions Trace-based retrospective correction of breathing-induced field variations can reduce ghosting and improve quantitative metrics in multi-shot structural and functional T2*-weighted imaging of the spinal cord. The method is straightforward to implement and does not rely on sequence modifications or additional hardware beyond a respiratory bellows.
Early activation of the host complement system is required to restrict central nervous system invasion and limit neuropathology during Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection (2011)

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is a mosquito-borne RNA virus of the genus Alphavirus, family Togaviridae, that is responsible for sporadic outbreaks in human and equid populations in Central and South America. In order to ascertain the role that complement plays in resolving VEEV-induced disease, complement-deficient C3(-/-) mice were infected with a VEEV mutant (V3533) that caused mild, transient disease in immunocompetent mice. In the absence of a functional complement system, peripheral inoculation with V3533 induced much more severe encephalitis. This enhanced pathology was associated with a delay in clearance of infectious virus from the serum and more rapid invasion of the central nervous system in C3(-/-) mice. If V3533 was inoculated directly into the brain, however, disease outcome in C3(-/-) and wild-type mice was identical. These findings indicate that complement-dependent enhancement of peripheral virus clearance is critical for protecting against the development of severe VEEV-induced encephalitis.
Texture synthesis and unsupervised recognition with a nonparametric multiscale Markov random field model (2002)

We present noncausal, nonparametric, multiscale, Markov random field model for synthesising and recognising texture. The model has the ability to capture the characteristics of a wide variety of textures. For texture synthesis, we use our own novel multiscale approach, incorporating local annealing, allowing one to use large neighbourhood systems to model some complex textures. We show how one is able to manipulate the statistical order of our high dimensional model without over compromising the integrity of the representation. Also, by varying the statistical order of our model we are able to optimise it for the unsupervised recognition of textures with respect to textures that have not been modelled.
Improved Effector Activity and Memory CD8 T Cell Development by IL-2 Expression during Experimental Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (2004)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of lower respiratory infection in young children and the elderly. Studies of mice suggest that RSV suppresses the effector activity of CD8 T cells and the development of pulmonary CD8 T cell memory, in which the impaired effector activity could be recovered by in vitro IL-2 treatment. To investigate the effect of in vivo IL-2 expression on RSV immunity, mice were infected with RSV followed by administration of replication-defective adenovirus expressing IL-2. The effector activity of RSV M2-specific CD8 T cells and the development of CD8 T cell memory in the lung was significantly increased by IL-2 expression. Furthermore, the Ab responses against RSV were augmented by IL-2. Interestingly, weight loss and illness caused by RSV challenge were substantially reduced by IL-2 priming, suggesting that the pathogenesis of RSV-related disease could be prevented by IL-2-mediated enhancement of beneficial immune responses. Thus, our results show that IL-2 has potential to be used as a vaccine adjuvant against RSV infection.
Raman microspectroscopy of a silicon solar cell (2021)

A fully finished, aluminum back-surface field, multi crystalline silicon solar cell was analyzed using Raman microspectroscopy. New insights into the process and material quality of the finished device is obtained. First, the image scan obtained on the multi crystalline silicon surface is reflective of the textured surface contributing to the surface topology. Second, the analysis helps to identify differences in the Raman spectra of the remnant saw marks on the silicon surface when compared to a textured silicon surface. Third, Raman analysis of the silver line shows a clear silver oxide signal that is detected up to 25 μm away from the edge of the silver line thus, quantifying the quality and effectiveness of the screen-printing and firing process. Finally, inclusions embedded inside the silicon surface are unambiguously identified as nanocrystalline silicon. Using confocal Raman microspectroscopy 3D tomography of the inclusions are constructed and the state of compressive stress around these particulates are measured. Taken together, these results demonstrate Raman microspectroscopy as a valuable tool for identification of micron-scale feature sizes and defects, otherwise too small to be identified using current metrology techniques.
Use of rapid enzymatic assays to study the distribution of faecal coliforms in the Seine river (France) (2001)

In 1997 and 1998 faecal contamination of the Seine river and its estuary was studied for the first time by rapid enzymatic methods, based on the presence of the beta-D-glucuronidase enzyme in E. coli, in parallel with traditional plate counts of faecal coliforms on specific culture medium. Our study focused on a 450 km stretch of the river, including the Parisian area, and presenting highly variable levels of faecal pollution. Both methods showed that wastewater outfalls of the Parisian area and the presence of a maximum turbidity zone (at the mouth of the estuary) had a strong impact on the abundance of faecal coliforms in the river. Downstream from the Parisian outfalls, beta-D-glucuronidase activity measurements decreased 5-6x less rapidly than plate counts suggesting that rapid enzymatic assays could detect enzymatically-active but non-culturable bacteria.
25.4: Contact Model Analysis of GaN‐based Micro Light Emitting Diodes (Micro‐LEDs) With Distinct Structures and Bonding Pads (2021)

In this paper, the contact model analysis based on gold (Au) and aluminum (Al) with distinct structures and bonding pads of GaN‐based Micro‐LED was proposed. Firstly, the fabrication process and three different structures (testing, bottom emitting and top emitting structures) with 30–200 µm size were introduced. Then, the electrical properties of testing structure were analyzed by extracting the series resistances and ideality factors. Next, the performances of two metals with bottom and top emitting structures were evaluated electrically and optically throughout the injection current at forward bias, leakage current at reverse bias, radiometric power and luminous flux. The final results indicated Au contact is superior to Al for the indium bonding pads on Micro‐LEDs.
Establishment and characterization of a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of bone continuous cell line (LAP‐35) (1990)

A continuous tumor cell line (LAP-35) was established from a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of bone from the right tibia of a 12-year-old female. The neural character of the cell line was documented by the spontaneous growth of neurites and by the presence of several neural markers, including neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S-100 protein, neurofilaments, chromogranin A, synaptophysin and positivity to monoclonal antibodies UJ127.11, UJ13A, UJ181.4. Cell-sorter analysis showed a high expression of nerve growth factor receptor (NGFr) and major histocompatibility complex class I-related molecules. A unique cytogenetic profile was observed, including a reciprocal chromosomal translocation (rct) 11:22 (q24;q12), typically associated with Ewing's sarcoma and neuroepithelioma, and deletion of the short arm of chromosome 1 (lp-), otherwise a feature of neuroblastoma. N-myc proto-oncogene was neither amplified nor expressed, whereas the expression of c-myc was documented by northern blot analysis. These features distinguish this new cell line from previously reported neuroectodermal cell lines, identifying LAP-35 as a unique model of a group of neural bone tumors that share characteristics of neuroblastoma as well as neuroepithelioma.
A BASIC computer program for use in evaluating enzyme-substrate-inhibitor kinetics. (1985)

Journal Article A BASIC computer program for use in evaluating enzyme-substrate-inhibitor kinetics. Get access R A Lutz, R A Lutz Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D Rodbard D Rodbard Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 31, Issue 4, 1 April 1985, Page 656, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/31.4.656 Published: 01 April 1985
The Switch Book: The Complete Guide to LAN Switching Technology (2000)

From the Publisher:
The most in-depth guide to the capabilities, application, and design of LAN switches and switched internetworksWritten by an innovator who has been at the forefront of networking technology for more than two decades, this comprehensive book covers everything you need to know about LAN switching. From understanding switch functions and features to technology integration and network management, it provides valuable insights for network planners, developers, and managers. Seifert helps you gain a clear understanding of the often-complex features and options available in LAN switches, along with detailed explanations of the latest technology enhancements-including previously unpublished information on Link Aggregation, Virtual LANs, and Layer 3 switches. Packed with the most up-to-date and complete information on LAN switches, this book:
*Explains how switches and bridges operate, and explores implementation and performance issues
*Details how switches can be deployed in both homogeneous and heterogeneous LAN environments
*Provides a comprehensive explanation of the Spanning Tree Protocol
*Covers source routing, which is available on Token Ring and FDDI networks
*Explains full duplex LAN operation and link flow control methods
*Looks at the applications and IEEE 802.3ad standard for aggregated links and their effect on system and higher-layer protocol behavior
*Introduces Virtual LANs and the IEEE 802.1Q standard 
*Discusses the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) as well as other forms of itch management
*Explores the architecture and data flow through a typical switch, including an analysis of switch fabric options
Display blocks (2013)

This paper details the design and implementation of a new type of display technology. Display Blocks are a response to two major limitations of current displays: dimensional compression and physical-digital disconnect. Each Display Block consists of six organic light emitting diode (OLED) screens, arranged in a cubic form factor. We explore the possibilities that this type of display holds for data visualization, manipulation and exploration. To this end, we accompany our design with a set of initial applications that leverage the form factor of the displays. We hope that this work shows the promise of display technologies which use their form factor as a cue to understanding their content.
Exploitation stresses and challenges in diagnostics of electrical industrial equipment (2011)

Exploitation strategies of electric power and industrial equipment, stimulated mainly by economic and environmental trends, play a crucial role in ensuring uninterrupted power delivery and continuous operation. The diagnostics of industrial equipment is particularly important in this context, due to both operational multistresses and the strive for higher and higher voltage levels as well as due to increasing requirements with respect to safety, security and reliability in electric power and industrial networks. Modern diagnostics is a multidisciplinary domain. The development of power electronics, sensors, optoelectronics, communication, information technology and new materials has a strong influence on new approaches. This keynote will address the challenges and trends of modern diagnostics with a special focus on electric insulation systems exposed to power electronics stimuli. The main challenge nowadays is the proper interpretation of acquired diagnostic information and correlation with physical phenomena and degradation processes. Various complementary methods will be presented along with industrial examples; like the signal and image processing methods applied for assessing pulse diagnostic symptoms coming from stochastic signals of partial discharges in various structures of the insulation systems and high frequency response analysis applied to winding assessment. New challenges caused by electronic converters subjecting and stressing the electric insulation systems with high slew rate and repetition frequency of switching pulses is shown. The noninvasive and non-destructive character of applied methods make them especially attractive for diagnostics and monitoring purposes. Further, from the global perspective, reliability and safety drive the recent trends in industrial diagnostics.
New Cyclic and Spirocyclic Metal-Containing Phosphazenes (1994)

Abstract The ligand system [R-NPR′2NPR′2N-R″]- has heen used to build up new heterocycles. When the substituents R and R″ are leaving groups such as hydrogen or trimethylsilyl (SiMe3), quasi aromatic metallacycles could be obtained upon reaction with metal halides or metal oxides.1 Group 13 metal alkyls have been shown to give cyclic chelates with R═R″═SiMq and R′═Ph or NM9. Group 2 and 12 N(SiMqh-substituted metals form spirocycles or cubes depending on the size of the metal and the ligand.2
Carbonyl Post-Translational Modification Associated with Early Onset Type 1 Diabetes Autoimmunity (2022)

&lt;p&gt;Inflammation and oxidative stress in pancreatic islets amplify the appearance of various post-translational modifications (PTMs) to self-proteins. Herein, we identified a select group of carbonylated islet proteins arising before the onset of hyperglycemia in non-obese diabetic mice. Of interest, we identified carbonyl modification of the prolyl-4-hydroxylase beta subunit (P4Hb) that is responsible for proinsulin folding and trafficking as an autoantigen in both human and murine type 1 diabetes. We found the carbonylated P4Hb is amplified in stressed islets coincident with decreased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and altered proinsulin to insulin ratios. Autoantibodies against P4Hb were detected in prediabetic NOD mice and in early human type 1 diabetes prior to the onset of anti-insulin autoimmunity. Moreover, we identify autoreactive CD4+ T cell responses toward carbonyl-P4Hb epitopes in the circulation of patients with type 1 diabetes. Our studies provide mechanistic insight into the pathways of proinsulin metabolism and in creating autoantigenic forms of insulin in type 1 diabetes. &lt;/p&gt;
Study on Methanol Conversion Efficiency of Steam-Methanol Reforming on Pipe Shape and Flow Rate Variation in Curved Channel (2016)

본 연구에서는 전산유체역학 상용코드를 이용하여 수소 개질기의 곡유로 채널형에 대하여 수치해석적 연구를 수행하였다. 선행연구모델(8)에 대한 수치해석 모델과 다른 관 형태의 곡유로 채널을 모델링하여 수치해석적으로 비교하였다. 4가지 타입의 곡유로 채널형 개질기의 수치해석 결과 메탄올 전환율은 타입1~4까지 각각 45.0%, 45.3%, 45.6%, 45.6%로 ±0.6% 포인트의 차이로 거의 차이가 없음을 나타내었다. 유동특성에 대해서는 사각타입의 관과 45도 곡관의 각도를 가지는 타입2에서 상대적으로 가장 균일한 유동 특성 및 메탄올 농도 분포를 보였으며, 원형타입의 관과 90도 곡관의 각도를 가지는 타입3에서 상대적으로 가장 불균일한 유동특성 및 메탄올 농도분포 특성을 나타내었다. 곡유로 채널형 개질기의 설계 시에는 45도 곡관의 각도를 가지는 타입과 같이 사각타입의 관과 45에 가까운 곡관의 각도를 가지도록 설계해야 한다는 결과에 도달하였다.