gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MXene-encapsulated hollow Fe3O4 nanochains embedded in N-doped carbon nanofibers with dual electronic pathways as flexible anodes for high-performance Li-ion batteries (2021)

Fe3O4 is one of the promising anode materials in Li-ion batteries and a potential alternative to graphite due to the high specific capacity, natural abundance, environmental benignity, non-flammability, and better safety. Nevertheless, the sluggish intrinsic reaction kinetics and huge volume variation severely limit the reversible capacity and cycling life. In order to overcome these hurdles and enhance the cycling life of Fe3O4, a one-dimensional (1D) nanochain structure composed of 2D Ti3C2-encapsulated hollow Fe3O4 nanospheres homogeneously embedded in N-doped carbon nanofibers (Fe3O4@MXene/CNFs) is designed and demonstrated as a high-performance anode in Li-ion batteries. The distinctive 1D nanochain structure not only inherits the high electrochemical activity of Fe3O4, but also exhibits excellent electron and ion conductivity. The Ti3C2 layer on the Fe3O4 hollow nanospheres forms the primary electron transport pathway and the N-doped carbon nanofiber network provides the secondary transport pathway. At the same time, Ti3C2 flakes partially accommodate the large volume change of Fe3O4 during Li+ insertion/extraction. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that the Fe3O4@MXene/CNFs electrode can efficiently enhance the adsorption of Li+ to promote Li+ storage. As a result of the electrospinning process, self-restacking of Ti3C2 flakes and aggregation of Fe3O4 nanospheres can be prevented resulting in a larger surface area and more accessible active sites on the flexible anode. The Fe3O4@MXene/CNFs anode has remarkable electrochemical properties at high current densities. For example, a reversible capacity of 806 mA h g-1 can be achieved at 2 A g-1 even after 500 cycles, corresponding to an area specific capacity of 1.612 mA h cm-2 at 4 mA cm-2 and a capacity as high as 613 mA h g-1 is retained at 5 A g-1, corresponding to an area capacity of 1.226 mA h cm-2 at 10 mA cm-2. The results indicate that the Fe3O4@MXene/CNFs anode has excellent properties for Li-ion storage.
The cell surface glycoprotein Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) mediates neutrophil adhesion and modulates degranulation independently of its quantitative cell surface expression. (1989)

It has previously been shown that during degranulation Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18)--a glycoprotein that plays a central role in neutrophil adhesion-is up-regulated on PMN surfaces. It has been assumed that this quantitative change in adhesion Ag expression on the cell surface would in turn lead to increased cellular adhesiveness. In contrast, we found that at an incubation temperature of 16 degrees C, stimulated neutrophil adhesion to plastic tissue culture dishes in the presence of FMLP (2.5 x 10(-6) M), TNF (10 ng/ml), or PAF (1 x 10(-4) M) occurred without cellular degranulation or Mac-1 surface up-regulation as measured cytofluorometrically. As shown by functional inhibition studies employing monoclonal antibodies 60.3 (anti-CD18) and 60.1 (anti-CD11b), adhesion at 16 degrees C, where no CD11b/CD18 up-regulation was seen, is mediated by CD11b/CD18 just as it is at 37 degrees C, where degranulation and CD11b/CD18 up-regulation could be demonstrated. The physiologic importance of these findings was underscored by experiments done on endothelial monolayers, which showed that PMN association with endothelial cells is absolutely independent from the quantitative up-regulation of Mac-1 on PMN surfaces. When neutrophils were stimulated at 37 degrees C by endotoxin, an agent that does not induce aggregation (a form of intercellular adhesion), Mac-1 surface expression increased only after cells had become adherent, whereas cells held in suspension to prevent cell-substrate adhesion neither degranulated nor up-regulated their Mac-1 surface expression. Thus, not only is adherence independent of degranulation and Mac-1 cell surface up-regulation, but both degranulation and Mac-1 surface up-regulation appear to depend on the process of adhesion. Correspondingly, incubation of neutrophils with antibodies 60.1 and 60.3 inhibited not only adhesion of cells stimulated with FMLP at 37 degrees C but degranulation as well. These results indicate that Mac-1 influences degranulation as well as it controls adhesion not by its mere quantity on the cell surface, but rather by an yet undefined molecular modulation.
Object-Based Morphometry of the Cerebral Cortex (2004)

Most of the approaches dedicated to automatic morphometry rely on a point-by-point strategy based on warping each brain toward a reference coordinate system. In this paper, we describe an alternative object-based strategy dedicated to the cortex. This strategy relies on an artificial neuroanatomist performing automatic recognition of the main cortical sulci and parcellation of the cortical surface into gyral patches. A set of shape descriptors, which can be compared across subjects, is then attached to the sulcus and gyrus related objects segmented by this process. The framework is used to perform a study of 142 brains of the International Consortium for Brain Mapping (ICBM) database. This study reveals some correlates of handedness on the size of the sulci located in motor areas, which was not detected previously using standard voxel based morphometry.
A cognitive robot supervision system (2009)

This paper applies new cognitive infocommunication channels in human-machine interaction to develop a new paradigm of robot teaching and supervision. The robot is considered as an unskilled worker who is strong and capable for precise manufacturing. It has a special kind of intelligence but it is handicapped in a sense, which requires it to be supervised. If people can learn how to communicate to this ldquonew workerrdquo they can get a new, capable ldquocolleaguerdquo. The goal is that the boss is able to give the daily task to a robot in a similar way as he/she gives the jobs to the human workers, for example using CAD documentations, gestures and some verbal explanation. This paper presents an industrial robot supervision system inspired by research results of cognitive infocommunication. The operator can steer the remote manipulator by certain gestures using a motion capture suit as input device. Every gesture has its own meaning, which corresponds to a specific movement of the robot. The manipulator interprets and executes the instructions invoking its on-board artificial intelligence, while feedback through a 3D visualization unit closes the supervisory loop. The system was designed to be independent of the geographical distance between the user and the manipulated environment, allowing to establish control loops spanning through countries and continents. Successful results have been achieved between Norway, France and Hungary.
Retinal Tears 180° and Greater (1976)

• A new technique for the treatment of giant retinal dialysis of 180° or more has been devised. After the lens and vitreous have been removed via the pars plana, the patient is rotated into a prone position on a special operating table. The retina is unfolded by filling the eye completely with gas and is held in place by gas. The patient is then brought back into the normal supine position, and a scleral encircling procedure is added. The initial success rate of reattachment is 12 out of 14 cases. Afterward, many eyes develop massive periretinal proliferation. After six months or more of follow-up, the retina remained attached in six of 14 cases.
Neue 1,6‐Methano[10]annulen‐Derivate durch Umlagerungsreaktionen der Trimethylsilyl‐Gruppe (1986)

New Derivatives of 1,6‐Methano[10]annulene by Rearrangement of Trimethylsilyl Groups Oxidation of derivatives of trimethylsilyl‐substituted bicyclo[4.4.1]undeca‐1,3,5,7‐tetraenes 1–3 leads to 1,6‐methano[10]annulenes. In the case of 2 and 3a , rearrangement of the trimethylsilyl group takes place. This rearrangement can be used to prepare 2,9‐disubstituted 1,6‐methano[10]annulenes.
Reconfigurable U-shaped tunnel field-effect transistor (2017)

A reconfigurable U-shaped tunnel field-effect transistor (RUTFET) is proposed as a low-power dynamically programmable logic device. It has several advantages over conventional reconfigurable TFETs: 1) Excellent scalability without any degradation of subthreshold swing (SS) and drain-induced barrier thinning (DIBT) with recessed channel structure. 2) High current drivability with increased band-to-band tunneling junction 3) Scaling of SS with tunneling barrier width defined by geometrical parameters. In this manuscript, its electrical characteristics are examined by technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulation. It shows ∼30× higher ON-state current than control devices and 41.8 mV/dec-SS during drain current increase by five orders magnitude. The reconfigurable operations for n- and p-type FETs are also discussed.
A Bottom-Up Clustering Approach to Unsupervised Person Re-Identification (2019)

Most person re-identification (re-ID) approaches are based on supervised learning, which requires intensive manual annotation for training data. However, it is not only resourceintensive to acquire identity annotation but also impractical to label the large-scale real-world data. To relieve this problem, we propose a bottom-up clustering (BUC) approach to jointly optimize a convolutional neural network (CNN) and the relationship among the individual samples. Our algorithm considers two fundamental facts in the re-ID task, i.e., diversity across different identities and similarity within the same identity. Specifically, our algorithm starts with regarding individual sample as a different identity, which maximizes the diversity over each identity. Then it gradually groups similar samples into one identity, which increases the similarity within each identity. We utilizes a diversity regularization term in the bottom-up clustering procedure to balance the data volume of each cluster. Finally, the model achieves an effective trade-off between the diversity and similarity. We conduct extensive experiments on the large-scale image and video re-ID datasets, including Market-1501, DukeMTMCreID, MARS and DukeMTMC-VideoReID. The experimental results demonstrate that our algorithm is not only superior to state-of-the-art unsupervised re-ID approaches, but also performs favorably than competing transfer learning and semi-supervised learning methods.
Ultraviolet Raman Stress Mapping in Silicon (1999)

We report micro-Raman stress imaging in silicon structures using 351 nm excitation. This excitation has an extremely shallow optical penetration depth (≈5 nm) in silicon. It should also ultimately provide higher spatial resolution compared to visible wavelengths used in micro-Raman studies. As a test we examine a wafer which consists of a patterned nitride/polycrystalline silicon/oxide/substrate “stack” with neighboring regions of device-quality silicon covered only by a thin oxide layer. We obtain two-dimensional images with spatial resolutions ranging from 1 to 4 μm. The smallest Raman shift reliably detectable is found to be ±0.07 cm−1, corresponding to a stress magnitude of 35 MPa. Stresses on the order of 140 MPa are observed beneath the stack region. The contrasting linewidths between the substrate and polycrystalline silicon provide a complementary image.
Quarterly Economic Commentary, Spring 2008 Special ArticleThe Decline of the Computer Hardware Sector:How Ireland AdjustedbyFrank Barry and Chris Van Egeraat (2008)

It has been evident for some time that 2008 was likely to be a year of slow economic growth. The leading indicators for house building that emerged last year suggested that this sector would contract in 2008. The absence of an SSIA effect also pointed to lower consumption growth in 2008. In the more recent weeks and months, most of the international developments are such that they will have the effect of compounding the difficulties that the economy is facing this year. Among these developments are the appreciation of the euro, the slowing in economic growth in the United States and the on-going difficulties in international financial markets.
Reduced O Glycosylation of Sp1 Is Associated with Increased Proteasome Susceptibility (1997)

Sp1 is a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor that is particularly important for the regulation of TATA-less genes that encode housekeeping proteins. Most growth factors and receptors are also encoded by such genes. Sp1 is multiply O glycosylated by covalent linkage of the monosaccharide N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to serine and threonine residues. Based on an earlier observation that growth factor gene transcription can be regulated by glucose and glucosamine in vascular smooth muscle cells, we determined whether Sp1 glycosylation could be regulated and if this modification altered Sp1 function. We found that Sp1 becomes hyperglycosylated when cells are exposed to 5 mM glucosamine, whereas under glucose starvation, stimulation with cyclic AMP (cAMP) results in nearly complete deglycosylation of this protein. Correlating with this hypoglycosylated state, Sp1 is rapidly proteolytically degraded by an enzyme(s) that can be inhibited by specific proteasome inhibitors, lactacystin and LLnL. Treatment of cells with glucose or glucosamine protects Sp1 from cAMP-mediated degradation, whereas blockade of glucosamine synthesis abrogates glucose but not glucosamine protection. This effect on Sp1 is specific, in that the Stat-3 and E2F transcription factors did not undergo degradation under these conditions. The O-GlcNAc modification of Sp1 may play a role as a nutritional checkpoint. In the absence of adequate nutrition, Sp1 becomes hypoglycosylated and thereby subject to proteasome degradation. This process could potentially result in reduced general transcription, thereby conserving nutrients.
PaRS: Parallel and Near-Optimal Grid-Based Cell Sizing for Library-Based Design (2009)

We propose Parallel and Randomized cell Sizing (PaRS), a parallel and randomized algorithm and tool to solve the discrete gate sizing (cell sizing) problem on a grid. PaRS is formulated based on an optimization framework known as nested partitions which we adopt for the first time in the computer-aided design area. PaRS uses parallelism from a novel perspective to better identify the optimization direction. It achieves near-optimal solutions (under 1%) for minimizing the total power subject to meeting a delay constraint. The embarrassingly parallel nature of PaRS makes it highly scalable. We show small algorithm runtimes, in at most minutes for large benchmarks featuring over 47 000 cells. We make comparison with the optimal solution which we are able to generate using customized and parallel branch-and-bound implementation on a grid. Consequently, we are able to generate the optimal solution within hours. While the optimal algorithm uses up to 200 central processing units (CPUs) on our grid, PaRS achieves significant speedups and near-optimal solutions using only 20 CPUs. We also study the impact of varying number of CPUs in PaRS. Finally, we discuss a grid-based implementation using the ldquomaster-workerrdquo framework.
Mechanism of functional residual capacity increase in haemorrhagic shock. (1983)

Shock was elicited in anaesthetized dogs by maintaining a haemorrhagic hypotension of 4 kPa until 30 per cent spontaneous refusion, followed by total reinfusion. Functional residual capacity (FRC) and minute ventilation increased considerably similarly to our previous experiments. Lactate content in both the external intercostal and the biceps femoris muscles increased significantly in advanced shock. The expiratory external abdominal oblique muscle showed electromyographic signs of fatigue. At the height of the FRC changes tonic contraction of the external intercostal muscle could be demonstrated electron microscopically. This tonic contraction is the main factor in the large FRC rise in late shock forming the basis of a hitherto unknown vicious circle.
Microfluidic static droplet array for analyzing microbial communication on a population gradient (2014)

Quorum sensing (QS) is a type of cell–cell communication using signal molecules that are released and detected by cells, which respond to changes in their population density.
‘Nebbiolo’ genome assembly allows surveying the occurrence and functional implications of genomic structural variations in grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) (2022)

Our results suggest that SVs accumulation rate and their functional implications in 'Nebbiolo' genome are highly-dependent on the organizational level under study. SVs are abundant when comparing 'Nebbiolo' to a different cultivar or the two haplotypes of the same individual, while they turned absent between the two analysed clones.
Non-linearity and related features of Makyoh (magic-mirror) imaging (2013)

Non-linearity in Makyoh (magic-mirror) imaging is analysed using a geometrical optical approach. The sources of non-linearity are identified as (1) a topological mapping of the imaged surface due to surface gradients, (2) the hyperbolic-like dependence of the image intensity on the local curvatures, and (3) the quadratic dependence of the intensity due to local Gaussian surface curvatures. Criteria for an approximate linear imaging are given and the relevance to Makyoh-topography image evaluation is discussed.
On automated generation of Diagnosers in Fault tolerant Service oriented Architectures (2009)

Journal of Digital Information Management Abstract: One of the key stages of the development of a fault tolerant Service Oriented Architecture is the creation of Diagnosers, which monitors the system’s behavior to identify the occurrence of failure. This paper presents a Model Driven Development (MDD) approach to the automated creation of the Diagnosing Services and integrating them into the system. The outline of the method is as follows. BPEL models of the services are transformed to Deterministic Automaton with Unobservable Event representations using the MDD transformations. Then, relying on Discrete Event System techniques Diagnosers Automaton for the Deterministic Automaton representations are created automatically. Finally, the Diagnosers Automaton is transformed into a new BPEL representation, which is integrated into the original architecture. The proposed approach is implemented as an Oracle JDevlopers plugin. To evaluate the presented method, a case study involving a Right-First-Time failure scenario motivated by telecom application is used.
Alternative Optimizations of X-ray TES Arrays: Soft X-rays, High Count Rates, and Mixed-Pixel Arrays (2007)

We are developing arrays of superconducting transition-edge sensors (TES) for imaging spectroscopy telescopes such as the XMS on Constellation-X. While our primary focus has been on arrays that meet the XMS requirements (of which, foremost, is an energy resolution of 2.5 eV at 6 keV and a bandpass from approx. 0.3 keV to 12 keV), we have also investigated other optimizations that might be used to extend the XMS capabilities. In one of these optimizations, improved resolution below 1 keV is achieved by reducing the heat capacity. Such pixels can be based on our XMS-style TES's with the separate absorbers omitted. These pixels can added to an array with broadband response either as a separate array or interspersed, depending on other factors that include telescope design and science requirements. In one version of this approach, we have designed and fabricated a composite array of low-energy and broad-band pixels to provide high spectral resolving power over a broader energy bandpass than could be obtained with a single TES design. The array consists of alternating pixels with and without overhanging absorbers. To explore optimizations for higher count rates, we are also optimizing the design and operating temperature of pixels that are coupled to a solid substrate. We will present the performance of these variations and discuss other optimizations that could be used to enhance the XMS or enable other astrophysics experiments.
Direct Synthesis of Quaternary Alkylammonium-Capped Perovskite Nanocrystals for Efficient Blue and Green Light-Emitting Diodes (2019)

Cesium lead halide nanocrystals (CsPbX&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; NCs) are new inorganic light sources covering the entire visible spectral range and exhibiting near-unity efficiencies. While the last years have seen rapid progress in green and red electroluminescence from CsPbX&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; NCs, the development of blue counterparts remained rather stagnant. Controlling the surface state of CsPbX&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; NCs had proven to be a major factor governing the efficiency of the charge injection and for diminishing the density of traps. Although didodecyldimethylammonium halides (DDAX; X = Br, Cl) had been known to improve the luminescence of CsPbX&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; NCs when applied postsynthetically, they had not been used as the sole long-chain ammonium ligand directly in the synthesis of these NCs. Herein we report a facile, direct synthesis of DDAX-stabilized CsPbX&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; NCs. We then demonstrate blue and green light-emitting diodes, characterized by the electroluminescence at 463-515 nm and external quantum efficiencies of 9.80% for green, 4.96% for sky-blue, and 1.03% for deep-blue spectral regions.
Error detection and DEM fusion using self-consistency (1999)

The ability to efficiently and robustly recover accurate 3D terrain models from sets of stereoscopic images is important to many civilian and military applications. Our long-term goal is to develop an automatic, multi-image 3D reconstruction algorithm that can be applied to these domains. To develop an effective and practical terrain modeling system, methods must be found for detecting unreliable elevations in digital elevation maps (DEMs), and for fusing several DEMs from multiple sources into an accurate and reliable result. This paper focuses on two key factors for generating robust 3D terrain models, (1) the ability to detect unreliable elevations estimates, and (2) to fuse the reliable elevations into a single optimal terrain model. The techniques discussed in this paper are based on the concept of using self-consistency to identify potentially unreliable points. We apply the self-consistency methodology to both the two-image and multi-image scenarios. We demonstrate that the recently developed concept of self-consistency can be effectively employed to determine the reliability of values in a DEM. Estimates with a reliability below an error threshold can be excluded from further processing. We test the effectiveness of the methodology, as well as the relationship between error rate and scene geometry by processing both real and photo-realistic simulations.
Why Knowledge Management in Project-Based Companies? (2008)

It was the 1980s when knowledge was supplanting physical assets as the dominant basis of capital value and when the current interest in knowledge and possibility of creating more and using it better began. Knowledge management emerged as a new branch of management theory, starting with the evidently knowledgeled industries, and progressive companies were quick to take up the idea. Their experience fed back into research, and understanding of the processes by which knowledge is acquired, shared and used, and how they can be improved, grew rapidly.