gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-Performance Zn–TiC–C Nanocomposite Alloy Anode with Exceptional Cycle Life for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2015)

A Zn-based nanocomposite has been prepared through a facile, low-cost high-energy mechanochemical process and employed as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries. Structural characterization reveals that the micrometer-sized Zn-TiC-C nanocomposite is composed of Zn nanocrystals uniformly dispersed in a multifunctional TiC and conductive carbon matrix with a tap density of 1.3 g cm(-3). The Zn-TiC-C nanocomposite exhibits high reversible volumetric capacity (468 mA h cm(-3)), excellent cyclability over 800 cycles (79.2% retention), and good rate performance up to 12.5C (75% of its capacity at 0.25C rate). The enhanced electrochemical performance is mainly due to the presence of the well-mixed TiC+C matrix that plays an important role in providing high conductivity as well as mechanical buffer that mitigates the huge volume expansion and contraction during prolonged cycling. In addition, it prevents the particle growth by uniformly dispersing nanosized Zn within itself during cycling, maintaining high utilization (∼100%) and fast reaction kinetics of Zn anode.
The Non-identified Method of Preserving the Mandibular Branch of the Facial Nerve in Submandibular Surgery of the Non-malignant Disease (2006)

Surgical management of the mandibular branch of the facial nerve is important during excision of the mandibular triangle components. In general, there are two surgical approaches to preserve the nerve; the identified method and the non-identified method. We studied 45 patients who underwent excision of mandibular triangle components without malignancies. We used the non-identified method for all cases in this study. Facial paralysis occurred in 4 cases (8.9%) of pleomorphic adenoma, sialolithiasis, chronic inflammation and cyst, respectively. All paralyses were temporary. The non-identified method is likely to be more effective than the other method.
Stealthy Secret Key Generation (2017)

In this work, we consider a complete covert communication system, which includes the source-model of a stealthy secret key generation (SSKG) as the first phase. The generated key will be used for the covert communication in the second phase of the current round and also in the first phase of the next round. We investigate the stealthy SK rate performance of the first phase. The derived results show that the SK capacity lower and upper bounds of the source-model SKG are not affected by the additional stealth constraint. This result implies that we can attain the SSKG capacity for free when the sequences observed by the three terminals Alice ($X^n$), Bob ($Y^n$) and Willie ($Z^n$) follow a Markov chain relationship, i.e., $X^n-Y^n-Z^n$. We then prove that the sufficient condition to attain both, the SK capacity as well as the SSK capacity, can be relaxed from physical to stochastic degradedness. In order to underline the practical relevance, we also derive a sufficient condition to attain the degradedness by the usual stochastic order for Maurer's fast fading Gaussian (satellite) model for the source of common randomness.
Modeling of Bank Asset Management System based on Intelligent Agent (2001)

In this paper, we investigated the modeling of Bank Asset Management System(BAME) based on intelligent agent. To achieve this goal, we introduced several kinds of agents that show intelligent features. BAMS is a user friendly system and adopts fuzzy converting system and fuzzy matching system that returns reasonable similarity matching results. Generation function of the proximity degree is suggested. Fuzzification of investment type categories and feature values are defined, and generation of proximity degree is also derived. An example of bank asset management system is introduced and simulated. Investment type matching utilizing fuzzy measure is tested and it showed quite reasonable similarity matching results.
INTELLIGENT OPTIMAL CONTROL OF URBAN TRAFFIC LIGHTS BASED ON FUZZY CONTROL (2020)

Traffic congestion is an important problem of urban traffic. In this paper, the intelligent optimal control of traffic lights was studied. Firstly, the theory of traffic light control was introduced, then the principle and steps of fuzzy control were analyzed, the fuzzy control method of traffic lights was designed, and the simulation experiment was carried out in MATLAB environment. The results showed that the control effect of the method proposed in this study was good under different traffic flow, the average delay time was reduced by 22.58%, 22.65%, and 6.7%, respectively, and the average queue length was reduced by 35.19%, 31.63%, and 27.92%, respectively. The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective for the intelligent optimal control of traffic lights and has a role in easing traffic congestion, which is worth promotion and application.
Preserving Median Filtering Algorithm in Chip Images (2014)

The types and characteristics of noise in chip images were analyzed in this paper. A new kind of details preserving adaptive median filtering algorithm with directional sub-window was introduced in which the shape and size of filtering window can be adjusted according to the noise level and the sensitivity can be set by parameter. The filter can effectively get rid of most of the impulse noise and speckles from the chip image, and improve the accuracy of processing and analyzing image.
Nature and mechanism of anodic film formation on Cu in alkaline phosphate media (1981)

Potentio- and galvanodynamic cycling traces of Cu rods in a wide range of [OH−] of aqueous alkaline phosphate solutions were investigated. While the number of anodic peaks varied with solution pH, their relative intensities depended on phosphate. The presence of phosphate drastically decreased the intensity of the anodic current of Cu(II). Peaks of Cu(I) remained practically unaffected. The passivating film is found to be composed of only Cu(I) and Cu(II) oxide species. No sign of Cu(III) is exhibited, as confirmed by the XPS study of Cu surfaces selectively oxidized at a number of fixed anodic potential values. Mechanistic evidence based on the comparative effect of cycling at constant and increasing scan rate on the intensity of the peak currents of Cu(I) and Cu(II) processes is discussed. Under conditions of slow sweep anodic passivation, where successive formation of Cu(I) followed by Cu(II) species occurs, the CuO process is shown to be governed by diffusion.
Phase II study of radiotherapy combined with gemcitabine for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (2004)

Gemcitabine has been reported to be a potent radiosensitiser in human pancreatic cell lines. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of radiotherapy combined with gemcitabine for locally advanced pancreatic cancer. In all, 42 patients with pancreatic cancer that was unresectable but confined to the pancreatic region were treated with external-beam radiation (50.4 Gy in 28 fractions over 5.5 weeks) and weekly gemcitabine (250 mg m(-2), 30-min infusion). Maintenance gemcitabine (1000 mg m(-2) weekly x 3 every 4 weeks) was initiated 1 month after the completion of the chemoradiotherapy and continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Of the 42 patients, 38 (90%) completed the scheduled course of chemoradiotherapy. The major toxicity was leucopenia and anorexia. There was one death attributed to duodenal bleeding and sepsis. The median survival time was 9.5 months and the 1-year survival rate was 28%. The median progression-free survival time was 4.4 months. In 35 patients with documented disease progression at the time of analysis, 34 (97%) showed distant metastasis as the cause of the initial disease progression. The chemoradiotherapy used in this study has a moderate activity against locally advanced pancreatic cancer and an acceptable toxicity profile. Future investigations for treatment with more systemic effects are warranted.
Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and symptomatic cerebral infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study (2003)

Overall, we conclude that an increase in brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity is associated with symptomatic cerebral infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Synthesis, Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry, and PCR Amplification of 3′–5′ and 3′–6′ Disulfide‐linked Oligonucleotides (2014)

Disulfide dithymidines linked 3'-5' or 3'-6' were synthesized and incorporated into oligonucleotides through a combined phosphotriester and phosphoramidite solid-phase oligonucleotide synthesis approach. The disulfide links are cleaved and formed reversibly in the presence of thiols and oligonucleotides. This link was shown to be sequence-adaptive in response to given templates in the presence of mercaptoethanol. The artificial 3'-5' and 3'-6' disulfide link was tolerated by polymerases in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). By using sequencing analysis, we show that single mutations frequently occurred randomly in the amplification products of the PCR.
Atmospheric ammonia measurements in Houston, TX using an external-cavity quantum cascade laser-based sensor (2011)

Abstract. In order to improve the current understanding of the dynamics of ammonia (NH3) in a major industrial and urban area, intensive measurements of atmospheric NH3 were conducted in Houston during two sampling periods (12 February 2010–1 March 2010 and 5 August 2010–25 September 2010). The measurements were performed with a 10.4-μm external cavity quantum cascade laser (EC-QCL)-based sensor employing conventional photo-acoustic spectroscopy. The mixing ratio of NH3 ranged from 0.1 to 8.7 ppb with a mean of 2.4 ± 1.2 ppb in winter and ranged from 0.2 to 27.1 ppb with a mean of 3.1 ± 2.9 ppb in summer. The larger levels in summer probably are due to higher ambient temperature. A notable morning increase and a mid-day decrease were observed in the diurnal profile of NH3 mixing ratios. Motor vehicles were found to be major contributors to the elevated levels during morning rush hours in winter. However, changes in vehicular catalytic converter performance and other local or regional emission sources from different wind directions governed the behavior of NH3 during morning rush hours in summer. There was a large amount of variability, particularly in summer, with several episodes of elevated NH3 mixing ratios that could be linked to industrial facilities. A considerable discrepancy in NH3 mixing ratios existed between weekdays and weekends. This study suggests that NH3 mixing ratios in Houston occasionally exceeded previous modeling predictions when sporadic and substantial enhancements occurred, potentially causing profound effects on particulate matter formation and local air quality.
Antitumor Benzothiazoles. 16. Synthesis and Pharmaceutical Properties of Antitumor 2-(4-Aminophenyl)benzothiazole Amino Acid Prodrugs (2001)

A series of water-soluble L-lysyl- and L-alanyl-amide prodrugs of the lipophilic antitumor 2-(4-aminophenyl)benzothiazoles has been synthesized to address formulation and bioavailability issues related to the desired parenteral administration of the chosen clinical candidate. The prodrugs exhibit the required pharmaceutical properties of good water solubility (in weak acid) and stability at ambient temperature and degradation to free base in vivo. The lysyl-amide of 2-(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)-5-fluorobenzothiazole (NSC 710305, 6d) has been selected for phase 1 clinical evaluation.
Research of Formed Lunar Regholit Analog AGK-2010 / Badania wytworzonego analogu gruntu księżycowego AGK-2010 (2013)

The results investigations of a soil having similar properties as lunar regolith performed at the Department of Drilling and Geoengineering, Faculty of Drilling, Oil and Gas, AGH University of Science and Technology in Kraków are presented in this paper. The research was carried out jointly with the Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. The objective of the cooperation was to minimize the cost of tests of penetrator KRET, which will be used on the surface of the Moon. The American lunar regolith (e.g. CHENOBI) was used as reference soil. The most important properties were presented graphically in the form of figures and tables: grain size distribution, selected physical properties (bulk density, colour), selected mechanical parameters (shear strength, inner friction strength, cohesion). As a result the first Polish lunar soil analog AGK-2010 was produced.
1,2‐α‐l‐Fucosynthase: A glycosynthase derived from an inverting α‐glycosidase with an unusual reaction mechanism (2008)

Fucosyloligosaccharides have great therapeutic potential. Here we present a new route for synthesizing a Fucα1,2Gal linkage by introducing glycosynthase technology into 1,2‐α‐ l ‐fucosidase. The enzyme adopts a unique reaction mechanism, in which asparagine‐423 activated by aspartic acid‐766 acts as a base while asparagine‐421 fixes both a catalytic water and glutamic acid‐566 (an acid) in the proper orientations. Glycosynthase activity of N421G, N423G, and D766G mutants was examined using β‐fucosyl fluoride and lactose, and among them, the D766G mutant most effectively synthesized 2′‐fucosyllactose. 1,2‐α‐ l ‐Fucosynthase is the first glycosynthase derived from an inverting α‐glycosidase and from a glycosidase with an unusual reaction mechanism.
An improved fault diagnosis approach based on support vector machine (2016)

Fault diagnosis is extremely important for guaranteeing safe and reliable operation of modern industrial process. As an active branch of fault diagnosis, data-driven methods attract more and more attention in recent years, because they solely depend on information collected in historical databases. The support vector machine (SVM), aims at minimizing the structural risk, exhibits superior generalization ability, and succeeds in the nonlinear classification problem. This paper proposes an improved SVM based fault diagnosis framework, which consists of two primary components: (1) feature extraction; (2) classification. More specifically, multi-scale principal component analysis (MSPCA) is performed to achieve multi-scale analysis and dimension reduction. Classification combines SVM classifier with parameters optimization method, which further encompasses grid search (GS) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). To demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of our approach, we perform experiments on the classical Tennessee Eastman (TE) process.
Gaussian States Minimize the Output Entropy of One-Mode Quantum Gaussian Channels (2017)

We prove the long-standing conjecture stating that Gaussian thermal input states minimize the output von Neumann entropy of one-mode phase-covariant quantum Gaussian channels among all the input states with a given entropy. Phase-covariant quantum Gaussian channels model the attenuation and the noise that affect any electromagnetic signal in the quantum regime. Our result is crucial to prove the converse theorems for both the triple trade-off region and the capacity region for broadcast communication of the Gaussian quantum-limited amplifier. Our result extends to the quantum regime the entropy power inequality that plays a key role in classical information theory. Our proof exploits a completely new technique based on the recent determination of the p→q norms of the quantum-limited amplifier [De Palma et al., arXiv:1610.09967]. This technique can be applied to any quantum channel.
[Positron emission tomography in breast cancer]. (2008)

PET18FDG is an imaging diagnostic technique that shows changes in glycolitic metabolism that appear at a very early phases in the tumoral process. The main limitation of PET in breast cancer is the detection of small tumor lesions and axillary micrometastases. However it offers important information in the staging of high risk patients, in clinical relapse or in therapeutic evaluation. The new PET-CT devices offer advantages over conventional techniques. It provides a greater precision in the localization of tumoral foci. In spite of current difficulties for clinical applications, fluoro-estradiol (18F-ES) offers the possibilty of studying the presence of estrogenic receptors both in the primary and in the metastases. It may prove to be a useful tool to obtain information about therapeutic management and prognosis of breast cancer.
Distributed matchmaking and ranking of Web APIs exploiting descriptions from Web sources (2011)

Semantic Web service (SWS) technology promotes the definition of Web service descriptions with semantic annotations to better support Web service selection. Unfortunately, SWS descriptions tend to be huge and complex and their evaluation is characterized by limited scalability. The result is that very few descriptions exist in reality. Web service providers prefer to publish functional and non-functional properties (NFPs) of their RESTful services, also called Web APIs, by means of structured data (e.g., XML, JSON) or textual descriptions. In this paper we define an effective and efficient distributed matchmaking for Web API ranking based on: (i) techniques for the extraction of property descriptions from heterogeneous, dynamic and distributed information on the Web and (ii) a distributed architecture to improve the performance of the Web API matchmaking processes.
Resveratrol production from several types of saccharide sources by a recombinant Scheffersomyces stipitis strain (2021)

Resveratrol is a plant-derived aromatic compound with a wide range of beneficial properties including antioxidant and anti-aging effects. The resveratrol currently available on the market is predominantly extracted from certain plants such as grape and the Japanese knotweed <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i>. Due to the unstable harvest of these plants and the low resveratrol purity obtained, it is necessary to develop a stable production process of high-purity resveratrol from inexpensive feedstocks. Here, we attempted to produce resveratrol from a wide range of sugars as carbon sources by a using the genetically-engineered yeast <i>Scheffersomyces stipitis</i> (formerly known as <i>Pichia stipitis</i>), which possesses a broad sugar utilization capacity. First, we constructed the resveratrol producing strain by introducing genes coding the essential enzymes for resveratrol biosynthesis [tyrosine ammonia-lyase 1 derived from <i>Herpetosiphon aurantiacus</i> (<i>HaTAL1</i>), 4-coumarate: CoA ligase 2 derived from <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (<i>At4CL2</i>), and stilbene synthase 1 derived from <i>Vitis vinifera</i> (<i>VvVST1</i>)]. Subsequently, a feedback-insensitive allele of chorismate mutase was overexpressed in the constructed strain to improve resveratrol production. The constructed strain successfully produced resveratrol from a broad range of biomass-derived sugars [glucose, fructose, xylose, <i>N</i>-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc), galactose, cellobiose, maltose, and sucrose] in shake flask cultivation. Significant resveratrol titers were detected in cellobiose and sucrose fermentation (529.8 and 668.6 mg/L after 120 h fermentation, respectively), twice above the amount obtained with glucose (237.6 mg/L). Metabolomic analysis revealed an altered profile of the metabolites involved in the glycolysis and shikimate pathways, and also of cofactors and metabolites of energy metabolisms, depending on the substrate used. The levels of resveratrol precursors such as L-tyrosine increased in cellobiose and sucrose-grown cells. The results indicate that <i>S. stipitis</i> is an attractive microbial platform for resveratrol production from broad types of biomass-derived sugars and the selection of suitable substrates is crucial for improving resveratrol productivity of this yeast.
The prostate 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 -hydroxylase is not influenced by parathyroid hormone and calcium: implications for prostate cancer chemoprevention by vitamin D (2004)

The hormonal form of vitamin D, 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D] promotes the differentiation and inhibits the proliferation, invasiveness and metastasis of prostate cells. However, 1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D is not suitable as a chemopreventive agent because its administration can cause hypercalcemia. Serum levels of 1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D are tightly regulated by the renal enzyme, 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase (1 alpha-OHase), which synthesizes 1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D from the prohormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. Normal prostate epithelial cells in primary culture, as well as several prostate cancer cell lines, also express 1 alpha-OHase and synthesize the hormone intracellularly. We now investigated the regulation of the prostate 1 alpha-OHase by the three most important regulators of the renal 1 alpha-OHase: calcium, 1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D and parathyroid hormone (PTH). The 1 alpha-OHase activity in the primary cultures of prostate epithelial cells was inhibited by 1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) at 10 and 100 nM, whereas PTH at 10 and 100 nM had no significant effect. Calcium at 1.2 and 2.4 mM had no significant effect on the enzyme activity in the PZ-HPV-7 cell line, a prostate epithelial cell line derived from normal prostate tissue. Conversely, 1.2 or 2.4 mM calcium markedly inhibited 1 alpha-OHase activity in a human kidney cell line used as a positive control. Furthermore, PTH at 100 nM and calcium at 1.2 and 2.4 mM had no effect on the 1 alpha-OHase gene promoter activity in prostate cells, whereas the promoter activity was inhibited 48 +/- 5% by 100 nM 1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3). Our findings suggest that, unlike the renal enzyme, the prostate 1 alpha-OHase appears to be largely unregulated by serum levels of PTH and calcium. These findings support the hypothesis that vitamin D or 25(OH)D may be useful as chemopreventive agents for prostate cancer because their administration should cause an increased synthesis of 1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D within prostate cells.
Fourth sound in porous media (1975)

The velocity of fourth sound in liquid helium is calculated for the case where the liquid fills the interstices of a macroscopically isotropic porous medium of arbitrary porosity. (auth)
ECG-Guided Placement of Sorenson CVP Catheters via Arm Veins (1984)

Department of Anesthesiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. Address correspondence to Dr. Colley, Department of Anesthesiology, RN-10, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195. Accepted for publication July 3, 1984.
Postprandial hyperglycaemia: noxious effects on the vessel wall. (2002)

In recent years postchallenge or postprandial hyperglycaemia has been found to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular comorbidities and all-cause mortality in impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes. With the database of the Risk Factors in IGT for Atherosclerosis and Diabetes (RIAD) study, it was also shown that atherosclerosis as measured by intima-media thickness of the common carotid arteries was associated with 2-hour postchallenge glucose level when HbA1c was normal. Taken together there are now comprehensive and consistent data from pathophysiological as well as epidemiological studies that excessive post-load glucose excursions have acute and chronic harmful effects on the endothelium and vessel wall. This is supported by four outcome studies that included control of postprandial glucose to prevent cardiovascular disease: Diabetes Intervention Study (DIS), Kumamoto study, DIGAMI study, and STOP-NIDDM trial. Therefore, in addition to HbA1c and fasting blood glucose, postprandial glucose monitoring should be an integral part of treatment to prevent acute and chronic complications.