gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extended-Duration MK-8591-Eluting Implant as a Candidate for HIV Treatment and Prevention (2018)

Regimen adherence remains a major hurdle to the success of daily oral drug regimens for the treatment and prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Long-acting drug formulations requiring less-frequent dosing offer an opportunity to improve adherence and allow for more forgiving options with regard to missed doses. The administration of long-acting formulations in a clinical setting enables health care providers to directly track adherence. MK-8591 (4'-ethynyl-2-fluoro-2'-deoxyadenosine [EFdA]) is an investigational nucleoside reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitor (NRTTI) drug candidate under investigation as part of a regimen for HIV treatment, with potential utility as a single agent for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The active triphosphate of MK-8591 (MK-8591-TP) exhibits protracted intracellular persistence and, together with the potency of MK-8591, supports its consideration for extended-duration dosing. Toward this end, drug-eluting implant devices were designed to provide prolonged MK-8591 release <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> Implants, administered subcutaneously, were studied in rodents and nonhuman primates to establish MK-8591 pharmacokinetics and intracellular levels of MK-8591-TP. These data were evaluated against pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic models, as well as data generated in phase 1a (Ph1a) and Ph1b clinical studies with once-weekly oral administration of MK-8591. After a single administration in animals, MK-8591 implants achieved clinically relevant drug exposures and sustained drug release, with plasma levels maintained for greater than 6 months that correspond to efficacious MK-8591-TP levels, resulting in a 1.6-log reduction in viral load. Additional studies of MK-8591 implants for HIV treatment and prevention are warranted.
[Interposition of a synthetic mesh by vaginal approach in the cure of genital prolapse]. (1999)

There are two goals for treatment if vaginal prolapse, restauration of normal function and anatomy and prevention of recurrence. Most operations described for replacement and maintenance of prolapsed organs in the pelvic cavity do not treat the cause of the prolapse which is diastasis of levator muscles and, in most cases, failure of the pelvic fascia. By analogy with the treatment of parietal hernias, the concept of a synthetic graft to reinforce failing fascias and restauration of normal anatomy has been proposed. From June 1994 through March 1999, 46 patients were treated for genital prolapse by a vaginal approach with positioning of a polyester mesh sutured to the vaginal angles. No major complication was observed. One mesh exposure occurred 4 months after treatment of a cystocele with vaginal hysterectomy and was treated by partial resection with good outcome. With a 5-year follow-up (median 26 months), all patients are totally satisfied. No recurrence of prolapse was observed. Sexual function was preserved without dyspareunia. This study demonstrates the feasability and efficacy of using a synthetic graft in the cure via a vaginal approach of genital prolapse. Complementary studies are necessary to evaluate the indications for which the procedure can be proposed and how it should be integrated in to schemes with other procedures.
Effective Permittivity and Dielectric Loss in a Microstrip Transmission Line with Anisotropic Substrate and Isotropic Superstrate (2021)

We present approximate analytical expressions for the effective permittivity and dielectric loss of microstrip transmission line that has an anisotropic substrate and isotropic superstrate of comparable thickness. A good agreement with the direct solution of Maxwell&#x2019;s equations is observed. The obtained formulas can be particularly relevant to the design of reconfigurable liquid crystal RF devices, such as phase shifters.
A kinetic model for the hydrolysis and synthesis of maltose, isomaltose, and maltotriose by glucoamylase (1984)

Kinetic results on the glucomylase-catalysed hydrolysis of maltose and maltotriose, and glucose polymerization into maltose and isomaltose up to 450 g/L total sugar concentration are presented. Whereas the enzyme has a faster hydrolytic and synthetic activity on alpha-(1-->4) than on alpha-(1-->6) linkages, at equilibrium, on the contrary, the isomaltose level which represents 15% (w/w) of the total sugar concentration at the highest investigated concentrations is much higher than the corresponding maltose level. Under a wide range of initial conditions, experimental results are adequately described by a new kinetic model with simple first- and second-order, or Michaelian-type, rate expressions for the reversible hydrolysis of maltotriose, maltose, and isomaltose. The model also accounts for the inhibition of hydrolysis by glucose, but does not consider the concentration of water which, under the present conditions, was not found kinetically limiting.
Stochastic Second-order Methods for Non-convex Optimization with Inexact Hessian and Gradient (2018)

Trust region and cubic regularization methods have demonstrated good performance in small scale non-convex optimization, showing the ability to escape from saddle points. Each iteration of these methods involves computation of gradient, Hessian and function value in order to obtain the search direction and adjust the radius or cubic regularization parameter. However, exactly computing those quantities are too expensive in large-scale problems such as training deep networks. In this paper, we study a family of stochastic trust region and cubic regularization methods when gradient, Hessian and function values are computed inexactly, and show the iteration complexity to achieve $ε$-approximate second-order optimality is in the same order with previous work for which gradient and function values are computed exactly. The mild conditions on inexactness can be achieved in finite-sum minimization using random sampling. We show the algorithm performs well on training convolutional neural networks compared with previous second-order methods.
References (2009)

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Resonant cavity enhanced GaAs/AlGaAs IR detectors (2003)

HEterojunction Interfacial Workfunction Internal Photoemission (HEIWIP) detectors have been demonstrated with cutoff wavelengths &lambda;<sub>c</sub> up to 92 &mu;m. One method of increasing the response in a desired range is to employ the cavity effect to create resonant maxima. Results are reported here confirming the presence of cavity enhancements in both the absorption and the detector response of HEIWIP structures at the 3&lambda;/4 resonance. The detectors consisted of 13, 19 and 30 Be doped GaAs emitter and undoped Al<sub>0.02</sub>Ga<sub>0.98</sub>As barrier layers. Transmission and reflection spectra for multilayer GaAs/AlGaAs IR detectors in the range 2000-100 cm<sup>-1</sup> at room temperature are presented. Comparisons with the calculated results based on free carrier absorption and interaction with optical phonons model are reported. It is shown that the absorption can be maximized by using the resonant cavity effect. The use of the resonant cavity effect should allow the design of detectors with increased response in the desired wavelength ranges.
Excitation Energy Transport Processes of Porphyrin Monomer, Dimer, Cyclic Trimer, and Hexamer Probed by Ultrafast Fluorescence Anisotropy Decay (2003)

Femtosecond fluorescence anisotropy measurements for a variety of cyclic porphyrin arrays such as Zn(II)porphyrin m-trimer and hexamer are reported along with o-dimer and monomer as reference molecules. In the porphyrin arrays, a pair of porphyrin moieties are joined together via triphenyl linkage to ensure cyclic and rigid structures. Anisotropy decay times of the porphyrin arrays can be well described by the Förster incoherent excitation hopping process between the porphyrin units. Exciton coupling strengths of 74 and 264 cm(-1) for the m-trimer and hexamer estimated from the observed excitation energy hopping rates are close to those of B800 and B850, respectively, in the LH2 bacterial light-harvesting antenna. Thus, these cyclic porphyrin array systems have proven to be useful in understanding energy migration processes in a relatively weak interaction regime in light of the similarity in overall structures and constituent chromophores to natural light-harvesting arrays.
Evolutionarily conserved structural and functional roles of the FYVE domain (2007)

The FYVE domain is an approx. 80 amino acid motif that binds to the phosphoinositide PtdIns3P with high specificity and affinity. It is present in 38 predicted gene products within the human genome, but only in 12-13 in Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster. Eight of these are highly conserved in all three organisms, and they include proteins that have not been characterized in any species. One of these, WDFY2, appears to play an important role in early endocytosis and was revealed in a RNAi (RNA interference) screen in C. elegans. Interestingly, some proteins contain FYVE-like domains in C. elegans and D. melanogaster, but have lost this domain during evolution. One of these is the homologue of Rabatin-5, a protein that, in mammalian cells, binds both Rab5 and Rabex-5, a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for Rab5. Thus the Rabatin-5 homologue suggests that mechanisms to link PtdIns3P and Rab5 activation developed in evolution. In mammalian cells, these mechanisms are apparent in the existence of proteins that bind PtdIns3P and Rab GTPases, such as EEA1, Rabenosyn-5 and Rabip4'. Despite the comparable ability to bind to PtdIns3P in vitro, FYVE domains display widely variable abilities to interact with endosomes in intact cells. This variation is due to three distinct properties of FYVE domains conferred by residues that are not involved in PtdIns3P head group recognition: These properties are: (i) the propensity to oligomerize, (ii) the ability to insert into the membrane bilayer, and (iii) differing electrostatic interactions with the bilayer surface. The different binding properties are likely to regulate the extent and duration of the interaction of specific FYVE domain-containing proteins with early endosomes, and thereby their biological function.
Simulation and experimental study on coplanar patch and array antennas (2000)

In this paper, we introduced a new concept of coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed coplanar patch antenna and presented simulation and experimental results for the antenna. The coplanar patch antenna consists of a patch surrounded by a closely spaced ground conductor and a CPW feed line, which has a similar geometric configuration as the loop slot antenna. The simulation and experiment results clearly demonstrated that the coplanar patch antenna behaves, particularly the resonant property, more similarly to the microstrip patch antenna rather than a loop slot antenna. Simulation have been carried out by using a method of moments based commercial package, IE3D. Prototypes of the coplanar patch and array antennas were designed and fabricated at a center frequency of 10 GHz on a conductor backed dielectric substrate with a relative dielectric constant of 2.17. Return loss, radiation pattern and gain were measured. Good agreement between the simulation and measurement has been obtained. The similarity of microstrip patch and array antennas and coplanar patch antennas, and some design rules for the patch, have been discussed.
A clinical study of vertical partial laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer (2013)

目的：喉頭機能温存治療である喉頭垂直部分切除術（以下：部切術）に関して，病変制御，喉頭温存と共に術後の喉頭機能を評価することで部切術の有用性を検討すること。対象と方法：慈恵医大第三病院耳鼻咽喉科において部切術を施行した5症例。術後病変の再発，転移の観察と共に最長発声持続時間の測定とGRBASスコア等を用いて術後の喉頭機能評価を行った。結果：TNM分類では，声門型T2N0 1例，放射線治療後rT2N0 1例，T3N0 2例であり，声門上型ではT2N0 1例であり，全例M0であった。垂直部分切除が5例に施行された。術中，内視鏡を用いて内腔から明視下に切除を行うことと，舌骨付き胸骨舌骨筋弁を用いて輪状軟骨再建を行う工夫を行った。術後局所感染のために1例に喉頭全摘術を施行したため喉頭温存率は4/5例（80%）であったが，観察期間中（34～87か月，平均64.6か月）全例局所再発なく非担癌生存中である。術後の喉頭機能ではGRBAS評価において気息性の成分が強かったが，最長発声持続時間は全例14秒以上であり日常生活上の会話に支障はみられなかった。嚥下機能では，すべての症例で誤嚥性肺炎をきたしたものはなく気管切開孔は閉鎖され唾液のクリアランスも良好であり普通食の摂食が可能であった。結語：喉頭部分切除術は局所制御率が高く，術後の音声，嚥下機能に関しても化学放射線療法に比較して著しく劣るものではなかった。喉頭部分切除術は放射線治療後の救済手術としてばかりでなく，放射線治療に対する抵抗性が危惧されるようなT2および一部のT3症例に対して初回治療として用いることは有用であると思われる。
Dynamics of lipid oxidation and antioxidant depletion in Mediterranean fish stored at different temperatures (2005)

Numerous changes occur post-mortem in fish, affecting its chemical composition and nutritional quality. In the present paper we describe the effect of storage on ice or at -30 degrees C or -80 degrees C on 10 species of Mediterranean fish. Water and lipid soluble antioxidants, lipid pattern and products of oxidative attack on lipids, proteins and DNA were quantified for 7 consecutive days on homogenates of fish light muscle. The earliest events were oxidation of ubiquinol and vitamin C, which disappeared almost completely within 48 hours. Ubiquinol oxidation gave rise to an initial increase of ubiquinone, which peaked at the second day: thereafter ubiquinone itslef decreased, more rapidly and to a greater extent than vitamin E. The decrease in antioxidants was accompanied by significant oxidative damage to lipids, proteins and DNA. TBARS significantly increased beginning from the third day of storage in all species and were linked to a significant reduction in the n-3 PUFA of triglycerides (TG) and phospholipid fractions (PL). A remarkable elevation of protein carbonyls and 8OHdG occurred approximately 24 hours later than PUFA oxidation. For SOD, GPX and GSH significant depletions occurred for all species only at 6th or 7th day, but the final values were always higher than 50% compared to the initial ones. Deep-freezing of the same species at -30 degrees C and -80 degrees C for up to 12 months did not significantly affect the levels of enzymatic antioxidants, the redox couple GSH/GS-SG, n-3 and n-6 PUFA of TG and PL fractions of the light muscle. The only antioxidants, which at -30 degrees C and -80 degrees C appeared to be degraded after 6 and 12 months were ubiquinol and vitamin C. As expected their degradation was higher at -30 degrees C than at -80 degrees C. In fact the average decrease for ubiquinol at -80 degrees C was 42% at 6 and 12 months respectively, whereas at -30 degrees C the decrease was 61% and 87% For vitamin C the average decrease at -80 degrees C was 36% and 67% at 6 and 12 months respectively, and at -30 degrees C it was 61% and 82%. Vitamin E was considerably more stable than ubiquinol and vitamin C. The relative stability of the antioxidants, with the exceptions of ubiquionols, vitamin C and, to a certain extent, vitamin E, was accompanied by a very limited increase in oxidation products. In addition no significant hydrolysis of TG and PL fractions were observed throughout the storage time. The dynamics of lipid, protein and DNA oxidation is discussed in the light of depletion of the various antioxidant systems.
Recent advances in broadcast news transcription (2004)

Th paper describes recent advances in the CU-HTK Broadcast News English (BN-E) transcription system and its performance in the DARPA/NIST Rich Transcription 2003 Speech-to-Text (RT-03) evaluation. Heteroscedastic linear discriminant analysis (HLDA) and discriminative training, which were previously developed in the context of the recognition of conversational telephone speech, have been successfully applied to the BN-E task for the first time. A number of new features have also been added. These include gender-dependent (GD) discriminative training and modified discriminative training using lattice regeneration and combination. On the 2003 evaluation set, the system gave an overall word error rate of 10.7% in less than 10 times real time (10/spl times/RT).
Reliability test methods for media-compatible pressure sensors (1998)

Two applications of media exposure testing of pressure sensors with barrier coatings are presented. Experimentation was performed on an apparatus that was developed specifically for the exposure of these devices with in situ output voltage measurement in organic or aqueous environments. The first example illustrates the swelling of fluorosilicone gels in fuels and establishes a solubility parameter for one fluorosilicone gel between 6-8 (cal/cm/sup 3/)/sup 1/2/. While exposure to organic solutions has not been observed to cause catastrophic failure of fluorosilicone-gel-filled devices, corrosion is accelerated in subsequent aqueous solution exposure. An additional experiment was used to simulate automotive exhaust gases and water by exposing devices to a fuel mixture followed by an acidic solution. The second experiment was performed to study corrosion under parylene coatings during exposure to an alkaline test solution for white-goods applications. Acceleration factor expressions have been estimated considering parylene coating thickness, solution pH, and applied device supply voltage as acceleration means. These expressions have been used to evaluate parylene-coated pressure sensors against a benchmark lifetime requirement. For a 1% failure rate, parylene-coated pressure sensors survived approximately 500 h, whereas an alternative, fluorosilicone gel over parylene C coating survived over 2000 h. Furthermore, these media exposure experiments provided insight into the failure mechanisms and defined acceleration factors.
Electrochemical Enhancement of Photocatalytic Disinfection on Aligned TiO2 and Nitrogen Doped TiO2 Nanotubes (2017)

TiO₂ photocatalysis is considered as an alternative to conventional disinfection processes for the inactivation of waterborne microorganisms. The efficiency of photocatalysis is limited by charge carrier recombination rates. When the photocatalyst is immobilized on an electrically conducting support, one may assist charge separation by the application of an external electrical bias. The aim of this work was to study electrochemically assisted photocatalysis with nitrogen doped titania photoanodes under visible and UV-visible irradiation for the inactivation of <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Aligned TiO₂ nanotubes were synthesized (TiO₂-NT) by anodizing Ti foil. Nanoparticulate titania films were made on Ti foil by electrophoretic coating (P25 TiO₂). N-doped titania nanotubes and N,F co-doped titania films were also prepared with the aim of extending the active spectrum into the visible. Electrochemically assisted photocatalysis gave higher disinfection efficiency in comparison to photocatalysis (electrode at open circuit) for all materials tested. It is proposed that electrostatic attraction of negatively charged bacteria to the positively biased photoanodes leads to the enhancement observed. The N-doped TiO₂ nanotube electrode gave the most efficient electrochemically assisted photocatalytic inactivation of bacteria under UV-Vis irradiation but no inactivation of bacteria was observed under visible only irradiation. The visible light photocurrent was only a fraction (2%) of the UV response.
Transacylation between Phenyl Acylates and Amides. III. Kinetic Studies on the Transacetylation in Inert Organic Solvents (1984)

In the previous paper, the transacylation between substituted phenyl acylates and substituted benzamides in the molten state at high temperature was described. The transacetylation was examined in inert organic solvents under mild conditions, and the reaction order and the substituent effect were discussed according to kinetic data and Hammett's plots. It was found that the substituted benzamides were acetylated with pseudo first-order kinetics and the Hammett's plots were straight lines of slope (p)+1.19 (substituted phenyl acetates) and -0.68 (substituted benzamides).
The effect of TiO2 nanostructures on self-degrading polyurethane foams (2014)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Chao Chen, Paul A. Charpentier; The effect of TiO2 nanostructures on self-degrading polyurethane foams. AIP Conf. Proc. 31 March 2014; 1590 (1): 251–258. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4870226 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Development of high power laser ablation process for polycrystalline diamond polishing: Part 1. Fundamental understanding of PCD ultra-short pulsed laser ablation (2018)

Diamond exhibits incredible chemical and mechanical properties. Utilization of diamond for industrial applications has universally spread thanks to the discovery of its industrial synthesis and the enhancement of its properties by its formation under a polycrystalline form, named polycrystalline diamond composite (PCD). For industrial production PCD bulk material has to pass through several complex processes from leaving the belt press down to be polished as a wafer with a mirror-finished surface. Especially the polishing process is an extremely laborious method originally discovered to polish diamond gemstones hundred years ago. Laser ablation has repeatedly been proven to be a cost efficient process for industrial purposes. Elaboration of new ablation processes for PCD manufacturing is increasing supported by the continuous improvement of ultra-short lasers and their high performances. The ambition of this project is to develop an alternative polishing process of PCD wafers by ultra-short laser ablation achieving better performances than traditional mechanical polishing. This paper presents a relationship between material related properties of various PCD grades and performance of ultra-short laser ablation process at low laser average power. Specifically, this paper demonstrates the high impact of the pulse duration on the ablation rate, the dependence of the optimal fluence for highest ablation rate on the PCD composition and the effect of fluence on diamond graphitization through Raman spectroscopy analysis.
A novel three-level rectifier with emulated power factor modulation (2009)

A novel three-level rectifier topology and corresponding control strategy are proposed in this paper. Taking ON-OFF-state of the power devices as state variable, six work modes are presented within one-fundamental-cycle by grouping the variables. On the platform of the topology, the idea for power factor regulation is presented. It is called emulated power factor modulation (EPFM) because the power factor can be modulated very close to 1. Vector maps show the relationship on the terminals. To verify the topology and the control strategy, MATLAB/Simulink model is constructed, and show the key waveforms respectively. The simulation results indicate its validity and feasibility.
Comparison of Earthworm Bioluminescent Systems (2019)

The results of a comparative study of the luciferin-luciferase systems of seven species of bioluminescing oligochaetes-Henlea petushkovi, Henlea rodionovae, Fridericia heliota (Enchytraeidae), Microscolex phosphoreus (Acanthodrilidae), Pontodrilus litoralis (Megascolecidae), Eisenia lucens, and Avelona ligra (Lumbricidae)-are presented.
Purification of Antigen B from Taenia solium Cysticerci by Affinity to Mammalian Collagen (1990)

A 1-step procedure for the easy and rapid purification of milligram amounts of antigen B from a crude extract of Taenia solium cysticerci is described here. This procedure takes advantage of the property of the antigen B to bind to collagen and is based on antigen adsorption to polymeric collagen.