gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deep Generative Variational Autoencoding for Replay Spoof Detection in Automatic Speaker Verification (2020)

Automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems are highly vulnerable to presentation attacks, also called spoofing attacks. Replay is among the simplest attacks to mount - yet difficult to detect reliably. The generalization failure of spoofing countermeasures (CMs) has driven the community to study various alternative deep learning CMs. The majority of them are supervised approaches that learn a human-spoof discriminator. In this paper, we advocate a different, deep generative approach that leverages from powerful unsupervised manifold learning in classification. The potential benefits include the possibility to sample new data, and to obtain insights to the latent features of genuine and spoofed speech. To this end, we propose to use variational autoencoders (VAEs) as an alternative backend for replay attack detection, via three alternative models that differ in their class-conditioning. The first one, similar to the use of Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) in spoof detection, is to train independently two VAEs - one for each class. The second one is to train a single conditional model (C-VAE) by injecting a one-hot class label vector to the encoder and decoder networks. Our final proposal integrates an auxiliary classifier to guide the learning of the latent space. Our experimental results using constant-Q cepstral coefficient (CQCC) features on the ASVspoof 2017 and 2019 physical access subtask datasets indicate that the C-VAE offers substantial improvement in comparison to training two separate VAEs for each class. On the 2019 dataset, the C-VAE outperforms the VAE and the baseline GMM by an absolute 9 - 10% in both equal error rate (EER) and tandem detection cost function (t-DCF) metrics. Finally, we propose VAE residuals - the absolute difference of the original input and the reconstruction as features for spoofing detection.
An iterative statistical tolerance analysis procedure to deal with linearized behavior models (2015)

Tolerance analysis consists of analyzing the impact of variations on the mechanism behavior due to the manufacturing process. The goal is to predict its quality level at the design stage. The technique involves computing probabilities of failure of the mechanism in a mass production process. The various analysis methods have to consider the component’s variations as random variables and the worst configuration of gaps for over-constrained systems. This consideration varies in function by the type of mechanism behavior and is realized by an optimization scheme combined with a Monte Carlo simulation. To simplify the optimization step, it is necessary to linearize the mechanism behavior into several parts. This study aims at analyzing the impact of the linearization strategy on the probability of failure estimation; a highly over-constrained mechanism with two pins and five cotters is used as an illustration for this study. The purpose is to strike a balance among model error caused by the linearization, computing time, and result accuracy. In addition, an iterative procedure is proposed for the assembly requirement to provide accurate results without using the entire Monte Carlo simulation.
Kinetik in elektrochemischen Reaktoren (1980)

Elektrochemischer Satzreaktor Zellen mit Fest- und Wirbelbettelektroden Vielfach-Platten-Zellen
Pd NPs Decorated on POPs as Recyclable Catalysts for the Synthesis of 2‐Oxazolidinones from Propargylic Amines via Atmospheric Cyclizative CO2 Incorporation (2019)

Abstract A novel approach has been taken for the synthesis of a microporous polymeric materials of BBA‐1 and BBA‐2 (benzene−benzylamine), which is a POP (porous organic polymer) with its excellent surface area determined by BET study, via Friedel‐Crafts alkylation of benzene and benzylamine (or 4‐methoxybenzylamine) by utilizing a cross‐linker (formaldehyde dimethyl acetal) and a promoter (anhydrous FeCl 3 ). Pd NPs were decorated over BBA‐1 and modified BBA‐2 to generate the desired catalysts (Pd@BBA‐1 and Pd@BBA‐2 respectively). The characterizations of the synthesized nanomaterials have been conducted by FE‐SEM, wide‐angle powder XRDmethods, N 2 adsorption/desorption studies and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Pd NPs decorated porous polymers are described here to facilitate the carboxylative cyclization of several propargylamine derivatives leading to the corresponding desired products (2‐oxazolidinone) under the application of ambient conditions (0.1 MPa of CO 2 , DMSO, 40–80 °C, 30–60 mg nanocatalyst). The Pd NPs‐loaded POP is competitive with previously reported catalytic systems. These pure polymeric microporous catalytic systems exhibited outstanding catalytic performances for the generation of oxazolidinones from several propargylic amines in the absence of organic and inorganic bases through atmospheric cyclizative CO 2 incorporation. The modified nanocatalyst (Pd@BBA‐2) displayed exceptional recycling efficiency for the generation of oxazolidinones up to five runs without any noticeable decay in the activity of Pd@BBA‐2.
Transition metal-free photochemical C–F activation for the preparation of difluorinated-oxindole derivatives (2023)

The development of strategies for single and selective C–F bond activation represents an important avenue to overcome limitations in the synthesis of valuable fluorine-containing compounds.
Cancer Exacerbates Ischemic Brain Injury Via Nrp1 (Neuropilin 1)-Mediated Accumulation of Regulatory T Cells Within the Tumor (2018)

Background and Purpose- Adoptive transfer of regulatory T cells (Tregs) protect against stroke; however, Treg-based therapy raises concerns in stroke patients with cancer because of the immunosuppressive function of Tregs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of Tregs in cerebral ischemic brain injury with concomitant cancer. Methods- To establish a cancer phenotype, MC38 colon cancer or B16 melanoma cells (5×10<sup>5</sup>/mice) were injected subcutaneously into C57BL/6J mice 2 to 3 weeks before distal middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery. Infarct volume, neuroinflammation, and Tregs infiltration were measured by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, immunofluorescence staining, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and flow cytometry. Mechanistically, Nrp1 (neuropilin-1) monoclonal antibody was used to block the Nrp1 effect on Tregs ex vivo before being transferred into recombination activating gene 1 (Rag1-/-) stroke mice, which are devoid of T and B cells, or a Nrp1 neutralization antibody was injected systemically into cancer-bearing wild-type mice after stroke. Results- Cancer-bearing mice with stroke exhibited augmented neuroinflammation and fewer Tregs in the brain, but more infiltration of Tregs to the tumor was apparent after distal middle cerebral artery occlusion. Depletion of Tregs increased infarct volume in stroke mice but did not further exacerbate brain injury in cancer-bearing stroke mice. Nrp1 blocking ex vivo or Nrp1 systemic neutralization attenuated ischemic brain injury and reversed accumulation of Tregs within tumor after stroke in cancer-bearing mice. Conclusions- Nrp1 signaling mediated accumulation of Tregs within tumor might play a critical role in exacerbating ischemic brain injury in cancer-bearing mice and may represent a promising immune modulatory target for the combined condition of cancer and stroke.
[The clinical application of scalp expansion in the repair of cicatricial baldness in children]. (1999)

The head scalp expansion might be the first choice in the repair of cicatricial baldness following burn.
Sound signature of Quiet Vehicles: state of the art and experience feedbacks (2013)

cote interne IRCAM: Misdariis13b
Toplu Konutlarda Reaktif Güç Kompanzasyonunun Uygulanabilirliğinin Analizi (2020)

Bu çalışmada, teknolojinin hızla gelişmesi sonucu ortaya çıkan elektrik enerjisi ihtiyacının karşılanması için yapılabilecek iyileştirmeler ele alınmıştır. Bu ihtiyacın karşılanması için enerji üretiminin artırılmasının yanı sıra üretilen enerjinin verimli bir şekilde kullanılması büyük önem arz etmektedir. Enerjinin üretimi ve planlanması, enerji verimliliği açısından son derece önemlidir. Reaktif enerji tüketimini minimuma indirmek yani kompanzasyon yapmak, verimlilik artırır. Ancak günümüzde kompanzasyon sadece belirli gücün üstündeki işletmelerde uygulanmaktadır. Günümüzde elektrik üretimi zor ve pahalı hâle gelmiştir. Bu konuda yapılacak her türlü tasarruf ve iyileştirme; ülke ekonomisine ve enerji verimliliğine büyük katkı sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmada, meskenlerde (kompanzasyonun zorunlu kabul edilmediği mekânlarda) kullanılan elektriğin kompanzasyona ihtiyaç duyulup duyulmadığı incelenmiştir. Yapılan bu çalışmada, dört kişilik bir ailenin kaldığı meskene, enerji analizör sistemi kurularak evin elektrik tüketimi iki aylık süreyle izlenmiş ve elde edilen verilere göre değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır.
Identification and Characterization of a Sphingolipid Δ4-Desaturase Family (2002)

Sphingolipids desaturated at the Delta4-position are important signaling molecules in many eukaryotic organisms, including mammals. In a bioinformatics approach, we now identified a new family of protein sequences from animals, plants, and fungi and characterized these sequences biochemically by expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This resulted in the identification of the enzyme sphingolipid Delta4-desaturase (dihydroceramide desaturase) from Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Drosophila melanogaster, and Candida albicans, in addition to a bifunctional sphingolipid Delta4-desaturase/C-4-hydroxylase from M. musculus. Among the sequences investigated are the Homo sapiens membrane lipid desaturase, the M. musculus degenerative spermatocyte, and the Drosophila melanogaster degenerative spermatocyte proteins. During spermatogenesis, but not oogenesis of des mutant flies, both cell cycle and spermatid differentiation are specifically blocked at the entry into the first meiotic division, leading to male sterility. This mutant phenotype can be restored to wild-type by complementation with a functional copy of the des gene (Endo, K., Akiyama, T., Kobayashi S., and Okada, M. (1996) Mol. Gen. Genet. 253, 157-165). These results suggest that Delta4-desaturated sphingolipids provide an early signal necessary to trigger the entry into both meiotic and spermatid differentiation pathways during Drosophila spermatogenesis.
Uplink system capacity of a cellular network with cooperative mobile relay (2011)

This paper studies the performance of a hybrid cellular network with cellular controlled direct radio links between multiple mobile User Equipments (UEs). The main focus is on the uplink of the proposed system with multiple idle UEs acting as relays to assist the communication of any given UE with an active connection. In the presence of multiple UEs as relays, the Base Station (BS) dynamically chooses the best relay to maximize the throughput of each radio link. We present system capacity results using Monte Carlo system simulation techniques. Further, we compare results with and without the use of distributed beam forming techniques. Our results indicate that cell edge capacity could be improved by more than 99% by using idle UEs in the system as mobile relays. The performance improvement at cell edge is achieved while improving the mean cell throughput by more than 50%.
A stroll through the park : evaluating the usefulness of phytolith and starch remains found on medieval sherds from Wicken, Northamptonshire, England (2007)

The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file.
The carboxyl terminus of VEGF-A is a potential target for anti-angiogenic therapy (2014)

Anti-VEGF-A therapy has become a mainstay of treatment for ocular neovascularisation and in cancer; however, their effectiveness is not universal, in some cases only benefiting a minority of patients. Anti-VEGF-A therapies bind and block both pro-angiogenic VEGF-Axxx and the partial agonist VEGF-Axxxb isoforms, but their anti-angiogenic benefit only comes about from targeting the pro-angiogenic isoforms. Therefore, antibodies that exclusively target the pro-angiogenic isoforms may be more effective. To determine whether C-terminal-targeted antibodies could inhibit angiogenesis, we generated a polyclonal antibody to the last nine amino acids of VEGF-A165 and tested it in vitro and in vivo. The exon8a polyclonal antibody (Exon8apab) did not bind VEGF-A165b even at greater than 100-fold excess concentration, and dose dependently inhibited VEGF-A165 induced endothelial migration in vitro at concentrations similar to the VEGF-A antibody fragment ranibizumab. Exon8apab can inhibit tumour growth of LS174t cells implanted in vivo and blood vessel growth in the eye in models of age-related macular degeneration, with equal efficacy to non-selective anti-VEGF-A antibodies. It also showed that it was the VEGF-Axxx levels specifically that were upregulated in plasma from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. These results suggest that VEGF-A165-specific antibodies can be therapeutically useful.
The Seattle Alzheimer's disease data set (1993)

Abstract Forty families submitted to Genetic Analysis Workshop 8 are described. These are the families in the Seattle data set which have been typed for at least one genetic marker from the centromeric region of chromosome 21 or the q arm of chromosome 19. Thirteen of these families have average ages of onset below age 61 and are therefore considered to be early onset families. Seven of the families are of Volga German descent. Thirty‐four of the families have autopsy documented Alzheimer's disease, including all 13 of the early onset pedigrees. The data set includes both the clinical and pedigree information available on the portions of the pedigrees used in the linkage analyses, genotype data on three loci on chromosome 19 and four loci on chromosome 21, and more extended family data on individuals who have not been included in the linkage analyses. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hydrosilylation of Aldehydes and Ketones Catalyzed by Nickel PCP-Pincer Hydride Complexes (2008)

Nickel PCP-pincer hydride complexes catalyze chemoselective hydrosilylation of C═O bonds of aldehydes and ketones in the presence of other functional groups. The mechanism involves C═O insertion into a nickel−hydrogen bond, followed by cleavage of the newly formed Ni−O bond with a silane.
Pressure-Induced Changes in Astrocyte GFAP, Actin, and Nuclear Morphology in Mouse Optic Nerve (2020)

The changes in structure elucidated IOP-generated alterations that underlie astrocyte mechanotranslational responses relevant to glaucoma.
Preparation and evaluation of highly dispersible and Ca<sup>2+</sup> level responsive PEGylated calcium phosphate nanoparticle with PEG-<i>block</i>-poly(4-vinylbenzylphosphonate) for the application of drug carrier (2012)

PEGylated calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CaPNPs) were prepared through the simple mixing of calcium and phosphate solutions in the presence of a PEG-block-poly(4-vinylbenzylphosphonate) (PEG-b-PVBP). The PEG-b-PVBP possesses the phosphonate side chains and the hydrophobic polystyrene segment which enhance the stability of the PEG brush layer on the CaPNP surface. The size of CaPNPs was controlled within the range of several tens of nanometer depending on the [PVBP unit]/[phosphate ion] feed-molar ratio upon the CaP coprecipitation reaction. The obtained CaPNPs showed excellent colloidal stability and it was sustained even after the lyophilization. In vitro cell cytotoxicity assay suggested that the CaPNPs do not induce serious cytotoxicity in the murine colon adenocarcinoma 26 (C-26) cells. Light scattering study revealed that the CaPNPs can be dissolved into the low Ca 2+ condition ([Ca 2+ ] = 0.1 mM). Since intracellular Ca 2+ concentration is four orders of magnitude lower than the extracellular one, the Ca 2+ concentration responsive dissolution behavior of CaPNPs is promising for the intracellular delivery of therapeutic materials.
Immune complexes (IC) down-regulate the basal and interferon-γ-induced expression of MHC Class II on human monocytes (2001)

The interaction of Fc receptors for IgG (FcgammaRs) on monocytes/macrophages with immune complexes (IC) triggers regulatory and effector functions. Previous studies have shown that FcgammaR-IC interactions inhibit the IFN-gamma-induced expression of MHC class II in murine macrophages. However, the mechanism(s) responsible for these effects have not been elucidated. In addition, whether this IC-dependent effect also occurs in human cells is not known. Taking into account the fact that IC and IFN-gamma are frequently found in infections and autoimmune disorders, together with the crucial role MHC class II molecules play in the regulation of immune response, we explored the effect and mechanism of IC-induced MHC class II down-regulation in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). This effect was studied either in the presence or absence of IFN-gamma. We demonstrate that IC exert a drastic inhibition of basal and IFN-gamma-induced expression of MHC class II on human monocytes. This effect was mediated through the interaction of IC with both FcgammaRI and FcgammaRII. Moreover, similar results were obtained using supernatants from IC-treated PBMC. The IC-induced down-regulation of MHC class II is abrogated by pepstatin and phosphoramidon, supporting the role of aspartic protease(s) and metalloprotease(s) in this process. In parallel with MHC class II expression, antigen presentation was markedly inhibited in the presence of IC.
Real-time gradient-domain painting (2008)

We present an image editing program which allows artists to paint in the gradient domain with real-time feedback on megapixel-sized images. Along with a pedestrian, though powerful, gradient-painting brush and gradient-clone tool, we introduce an edge brush designed for edge selection and replay. These brushes, coupled with special blending modes, allow users to accomplish global lighting and contrast adjustments using only local image manipulations --- e.g. strengthening a given edge or removing a shadow boundary. Such operations would be tedious in a conventional intensity-based paint program and hard for users to get right in the gradient domain without real-time feedback. The core of our paint program is a simple-to-implement GPU multigrid method which allows integration of megapixel-sized full-color gradient fields at over 20 frames per second on modest hardware. By way of evaluation, we present example images produced with our program and characterize the iteration time and convergence rate of our integration method.
One-Dimensional Nanocomposites Based on Polypyrrole-Carbon Nanotubes and Their Thermoelectric Performance (2021)

Conducting polymers have attracted significant attention due to their easy fabrication, morphology modification, and their electrical properties. Amongst them, polypyrrole (PPy) has attractive thermoelectric (TE) properties. Engineering of this polymer in one-dimensional (1D) nanostructured form is found to enhance its TE performance. This was achieved in the present work by using multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a core template to direct the self-assembly of PPy and also to further enhance its TE performance. The growth of PPy on the sidewalls of MWCNTs was performed in an acidic medium based oxidative in situ polymerization. Various concentrations of MWCNTs within the range 1.1-14.6 wt.% were used to form the MWCNTs/PPy nanocomposites in 1D core-shell structures. The morphology and microstructure results of the produced nanocomposite samples showed that this MWCNTs were successfully coated by thick and thin layers of PPy. At low concentrations of MWCNTs, thick layers of PPy are formed. While at high concentrations thin layers are coated. The formed 1D nanocomposites have enhanced TE performance, particularly those containing higher contents of MWCNTs. The power factor and figure of merit values for the formed 1D nanocomposites recorded around 0.77 µV/mK<sup>2</sup> and 1 × 10<sup>-3</sup> at room temperature (RT), respectively. This enhancement was attributed to the perfect coating and good interaction between PPy and MWCNT through π-π stacking between the polymer chains and these nanotubes. These results might be useful for developing future TE materials and devices.
Cardiac overexpression of Mammalian enabled (Mena) exacerbates heart failure in mice (2013)

Mammalian enabled (Mena) is a key regulator of cytoskeletal actin dynamics, which has been implicated in heart failure (HF). We have previously demonstrated that cardiac Mena deletion produced cardiac dysfunction with conduction abnormalities and hypertrophy. Moreover, elevated Mena expression correlates with HF in human and animal models, yet the precise role of Mena in cardiac pathophysiology is unclear. In these studies, we evaluated mice with cardiac myocyte-specific Mena overexpression (TTA/TgTetMena) comparable to that observed in cardiac pathology. We found that the hearts of TTA/TgTetMena mice were functionally and morphologically comparable to wild-type littermates, except for mildly increased heart mass in the transgenic mice. Interestingly, TTA/TgTetMena mice were particularly susceptible to cardiac injury, as these animals experienced pronounced decreases in ejection fraction and fractional shortening as well as heart dilatation and hypertrophy after transverse aortic constriction (TAC). By "turning off" Mena overexpression in TTA/TgTetMena mice either immediately prior to or immediately after TAC surgery, we discovered that normalizing Mena levels eliminated cardiac hypertrophy in TTA/TgTetMena animals but did not preclude post-TAC cardiac functional deterioration. These findings indicate that hearts with increased levels of Mena fare worse when subjected to cardiac injury and suggest that Mena contributes to HF pathophysiology.
FMCW Transceiver Wideband Sweep Nonlinearity Software Correction (2015)

Abstract — This paper presents a novel wideband sweep non-linearity software correction method for a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) transceiver based on the high-order ambiguity function (HAF) and time resampling. By emphasizing the polynomial-phase nature of the FMCW signal, it is shown that the HAF processing algorithm is well suited for estimating the sweep nonlinearity coefficients. The estimated coefficients are used to build a correction function which is applied by resampling the beat signal on each sweep interval. The sweep nonlinearity correction procedure is validated on real data acquired with a low-cost X-band T/R module. I.
Association of anger attacks with suicidal ideation in adults with major depressive disorder: Findings from the EMBARC study (2020)

Anger attacks in outpatients with MDD may be associated with chronically elevated SI. Clinical Trials Registration: Establishing Moderators and Biosignatures of Antidepressant Response for Clinical Care for Depression (EMBARC); NCT01407094; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01407094.
Cytotoxic Arylnaphthalide Lignan Glycosides from the Aerial Parts ofPhyllanthus taxodiifolius (2006)

The arylnaphthalide lignan glycosides, taxodiifoloside, cleistanthoside A, cleistanthin A and cleistanthin A methyl ether, together with a triterpene, glochidone, have been isolated from the aerial parts of Phyllanthus taxodiifolius. The structures were established using spectral and chemical methods. Compounds and, as well as the derivatives and exhibited potent cytotoxic activities with GI50 values in the range of 10(-7)-10(-9) M in five cultured mammalian cancer cell lines while the new compound showed moderate activity (GI50 in the order of 10(-6) M). Compounds and were inactive in all tested cell lines.