gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Surfactant for Chemical Flood in High-Salinity Reservoir (2003)

Evaluation of the chemical flood potential in the Chihuido de la Sierra Negra field, Argentina, has been carried out using several different recovery scenarios. This field has been submitted to extensive waterflooding for several years, and surface facilities have been designed to recycle produced brine as injection brine. The use of produced brine, as chemical solution make-up water is therefore very advantageous from both an operational and economical point of view. However, the formation brine contains around 110,000 PPM Total Dissolved Solids with around 2,800 PPM divalent cations. This makes the selection of the proper surfactant extremely difficult. Processes such as Alkali Surfactant Polymer Flooding have been considered, however, the requirement of large amounts of fresh water as well as softening units in the field adversely affects the economics of this process.This paper will discuss the development of a new anionic surfactant that provides solubility in high salinities and low interfacial tension at low concentration. The Chihuido de la Sierra Negra field history will be briefly described, and the laboratory screening and evaluation of the surfactants, including the interfacial tension properties, the adsorption, the core evaluation, and the performance of the flood will also be discussed.The significance of this development is that it could lend feasibility to EOR projects that would be deemed uneconomical because of water treatment and handling costs.
Differential Geometry and Polymer Conformation. 1. Comparison of Protein Conformations1a,b (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDifferential Geometry and Polymer Conformation. 1. Comparison of Protein Conformations1a,bS. Rackovsky and H. A. ScheragaCite this: Macromolecules 1978, 11, 6, 1168–1174Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60066a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60066a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views293Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Distribution and habitat preferences of the rufous bristlebird, Dasyornis broadbenti, in Portland, Victoria (2003)

\n\t\t\t\t\tThe Rufous Bristlebird Dasyornis broadbenti is a ground-dwelling bird that is listed as nearthreatened (Lower Risk) in Victoria. The species has been observed in a variety of habitats ranging from thickets of shrubs in coastal gullies, shrubland and heathlands on limestone cliffs to sheltered gullies. This study aimed to assess the distribution and habitat preferences of a population of the species in Portland, southwest Victoria. Monthly surveys were conducted on foot in the study area for one hour following sunrise and one hour prior to sunset, and bird presence was recorded on the basis of calls and sightings. Observations outside of the survey times were also recorded to determine habitat utilisation. Vegetation floristics and structure and food availability were measured in areas where birds were present as well as surrounding areas where they were absent to determine habitat preferences. A population size of between 45 and 60 individuals was estimated in the 200ha study area. Bird presence was significantly positively correlated with increasing vegetation density. No significant associations were found between Rufous Bristlebird presence and the floristic associations. Although Rufous Bristlebirds occupy a variety of vegetation communities, results indicate that the key common factor appears to be structure of the vegetation. The findings of this study will be incorporated into a Geographic Information System to develop a spatial model of suitable habitat.&lt;br /&gt;\n\t\t\t\t
Natural killer cell recognition of target cells expressing different antigens of vesicular stomatitis virus. (1985)

Natural killer (NK) cells have the capability of lysing virus-infected, transformed, and embryonal cells, yet the nature of the target structure(s) recognized remains unclear. The availability of well-characterized temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of vesicular stomatitis virus, defective in expression of individual viral-encoded polypeptides at the nonpermissive temperature (39 degrees C), offered an approach to elucidating NK-cell recognition of virus-infected cells. Target cells were infected with ts mutants in three functions: the viral surface glycoprotein (G protein; ts 045); the matrix (M) protein (ts G31, ts G33), and the polymerase (ts G11). Cells infected with wild-type virus and all ts mutants at the permissive temperature (31 degrees C) were killed by murine spleen cells. Similar to results on cytotoxic T lymphocytes, target cells infected by ts 045 defective in expression of G protein at 39 degrees C were not killed by NK cells. Unexpectedly, cells infected at 39 degrees C with the M-protein mutants also were not killed, although G protein was expressed at the cell surface. Target binding studies indicated that conjugates were not formed by cells infected with the ts mutants at the nonpermissive temperature. That expression of G protein was not sufficient for NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity was established in experiments in which a plasmid (pSVGL) containing the gene for vesicular stomatitis virus G protein was transfected into COS cells. Although G antigen was expressed on the plasma membrane, the cells were not lysed. These results suggest either that recognition of virus-infected cells depends on an appropriate conformation imparted to the viral G protein by association with the M protein or that NK cells can recognize alterations in the structure of the cell membrane induced by insertion of viral M and G molecules.
Characterization and Properties of Novel Gallium-Doped Calcium Phosphate Ceramics (2011)

Addition of a gallium (Ga) precursor in the typical reaction protocols used for the preparation of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) led to novel Ga-doped β-TCP ceramics with rhombohedral structures (R3c space group). From the refinement of their X-ray diffraction patterns, it was found that the incorporation of Ga in the β-TCP network occurs by substitution of one of the five calcium (Ca) sites, while occupation of another Ca site decreases in inverse proportion to the Ga content in the structure. The Ga local environment and the modification of the phosphorus environments due to the Ga/Ca substitution in Ga-doped β-TCP compounds are probed using (31)P and (71)Ga magic-angle spinning NMR. A decrease of the unit cell volume is observed with increasing Ga content, together with improved mechanical properties. Indeed, the compressive strength of these new bioceramics is enhanced in direct proportion of the Ga content, up to a 2.6-fold increase as compared to pure β-TCP.
Cocaine as a risk factor for acute dystonic reactions (1991)

We conducted a retrospective study of 116 hospitalized psychiatric patients treated with neuroleptic drugs. Nineteen of 45 cocaine users (42%) and 10 of 71 nonusers (14%) developed dystonic reactions during their hospitalizations. Based on this statistically significant finding, we suggest that cocaine use is a major risk factor for acute dystonic reactions.
[Microspheres, nanospheres and flow cytometry: from cellular to molecular analysis]. (2004)

Micro- and nanospheres are tightly associated with the development of flow cytometry. They are indispensable tools to optimize diffraction and fluorescence signals as well as for fluorescence calibration and cellular purification (magnetic micro- and nanospheres). They are also usefull to evaluate phagocytosis and to detect slightly expressed antigens. Recently, developments of microspheres-based flow cytometric assays have raised to quantify soluble analytes in biological fluids, cellular and tissue samples. The technology utilizes spectrally distinct fluorescent microspheres as a solid support for a conventional immunoassay, affinity assay or DNA hybridisation assay which is subsequently analyzed on a flow cytometer. Several multiplexed bead systems are now available facilitating the development of multiplexed assays that simultaneously measure many different analytes in few microliters of sample. Some recent applications with fluorescent microspheres coated with antibodies or oligonucleotides include cytokines and PCR products quantitation and single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping. Thus, multiplex assays using microspheres and flow cytometry technologies are exciting techniques which have the potential to contribute to the development of efficient diagnostic and research methods.
Enabling HH-60G Predictive Maintenance via Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Artificial Intelligence (AI) Rotorcraft Development and Modeling (CARD-M) (2023)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-0422.vid 4G accelerometer signal dropout results in significant H-60 maintenance (Mx) downtime due to overly conservative requirements to compensate for corrupted 4G flight data. When the data is in fact corrupt or unavailable, worst case scenario conditions must be assumed to reduce risk; this causes significant impacts to H-60 fleet readiness, cost, and system level impact. One tactic to address this issue is to partially or fully reconstruct the corrupt signal using stacked modeling with a combination of Artificial Intelligence (AI)/Machine Learning (ML) in conjunction with a semi-empirical synthetic signal leveraging CFD. To support and inform the separate AI/ML modeling, and aid in the reconstruction of these signal dropouts, a CFD model of the HH-60G is developed using CREATE-AVTM Helios to simulate flight performance during predetermined maneuvers. That being said, CFD simulations can be exceedingly computationally expensive and as such high fidelity methods are compared to medium fidelity methods in order to reduce the computational burden and accelerate data generation. The results of the CFD simulation are post-processed to generate synthetic force and acceleration signals corresponding to aerodynamic and inertial loads on the vehicle during flight, along with off-body complex flow visualization for additional insight into flight characteristics. Using heritage flight data, the Joint AI Center (JAIC) Predictive Maintenance (PMx) technical guidance, and the Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) High Performance Computing (HPC) computational resources, these modeled synthetic signals are compared to scripted flight data for Verification and Validation (V&V) against baseline flight conditions of interest.
File Layout and File System Performance (1994)

Most contemporary implementations of the Berkeley Fast File System optimize file system throughput by allocating logically sequential data to physically contiguous disk blocks. This clustering is effective when there are many contiguous free blocks on the file system. But the repeated creation and deletion of files of varying sizes that occurs over time on active file systems is likely to cause fragmentation of free space, limiting the ability of the file system to allocate data contiguously and therefore degrading performance. This paper presents empirical data and the analysis of allocation and fragmentation in the SunOS 4.1.3 file system (a derivative of the Berkeley Fast File System). We have collected data from forty-eight file systems on four file servers over a period of ten months. Our data show that small files are more fragmented than large files, with fewer than 35% of the blocks in two block files being allocated optimally, but more than 80% of the blocks in files larger than 256 kilobytes being allocated optimally. Two factors are responsible for this difference in fragmentation, an uneven distribution of free space within file system cylinder groups and a disk allocation algorithm which frequently allocates the last block of a file discontiguously from the rest of the file. Performance measurements on replicas of active file systems show that they seldom perform as well as comparable empty file systems but that this performance degradation is rarely more than 10–15%. This decline in performance is directly correlated to the amount of fragmentation in the files used by the benchmark programs. Both file system utilization and the amount of fragmentation in existing files on the file system influence the amount of fragmentation in newly created files. Characteristics of the file system workload also have a significant impact of file system fragmentation and performance, with typical news server workloads causing extreme fragmentation.
L’ostéoporose : épidémiologie, clinique et approches thérapeutiques (2001)

L’ostéoporose est un problème majeur de santé publique. On observe chaque année en France 50 000 à 150000 nouveaux cas de fractures vertébrales et 50 000 fractures de l’extrémité supérieure du fémur entraînant une morbidité et une mortalité accrue par rapport à la population générale. La définition de l’ostéoporose a évolué au cours des années et elle est actuellement définie par une masse osseuse faible et une détérioration de la micro-architecture osseuse conduisant à une fragilité osseuse et une augmentation du risque de fractures. L’absorptiométrie osseuse, qui mesure la densité minérale osseuse, permet de faire le diagnostic d’ostéoporose et de définir des groupes à risque de fractures. La stratégie thérapeutique a également évolué avec l’apparition au cours des dernières années de molécules ayant démontré leur efficacité pour réduire de 30 à 50 % le risque de survenue de fractures vertébrales et non vertébrales au cours d’essais thérapeutiques contrôlés de grande ampleur. Outre le traitement hormonal substitutif, qui reste un traitement préventif de choix chez les femmes à risque, les bisphosphonates (alendronate et risédronate) et les modulateurs sélectifs des œstrogènes (raloxifène), représentent des traitements efficaces de l’ostéoporose. Le calcium et la vitamine D sont un traitement d’appoint utile, et leur utilisation doit être large chez les vieillards institutionnalisés. D’autres traitements, en particulier des stimulateurs de la formation osseuse, sont en cours d’évaluation.
Coulomb explosion dynamics of triatomic molecules in laser pulses ranging from 7 to 200fs (2012)

Femtosecond laser pulses from 7fs to 200fs have been used to explore the ionization process and dissociation dynamics of triatomic molecules. Time and position sensitive detection allows us to detect each fragment ion in coincidence. We observe and characterize which ionization channels are Coulombic and which are non-Coulombic, and we observe concerted and stepwise processes which involve metastable fragment ions.
Cone-beam filtered backprojection image reconstruction using a factorized weighting function (2007)

We present several new families of mathematically exact cone-beam image reconstruction algorithms for a general source trajectory that fulfills Tuy's data sufficiency condition. The basic structure of the new algorithms is to reconstruct images via filtered backprojection (FBP) with a 1-D shift-invariant filter. Specifically, the general weighting function w(x,;t) for redundant data was decomposed into three components w1(x,), w2(x,t), and sgn[·y(t)], viz. w(x,;t)=[w1(x,)w2(x,t)sgn(·y(t))]. Based upon the normalization condition of the weighting function, the first component w1(x,) may be calculated using the second component w2(x,t) Thus, the design of the weighting function was reduced to the selection of the second component w2(x,t). Using this scheme, it has been demonstrated that, for a given scanning configuration, one may develop infinitely many different, exact cone-beam FBP image reconstruction algorithms. To demonstrate how this general procedure may be used to develop FBP image reconstruction algorithms, a two-concentric-circle scanning configuration is discussed in detail. Numerical simulations have been conducted to validate several of the derived image reconstruction algorithms. Several possible scan strategies are presented, and the possibility of performing multiple reconstructions with different scan configurations to reduce image noise is described. Noise properties also have been numerically studied for the implemented image reconstruction algorithms, then compared with two other shift-invariant FBP reconstruction algorithms.
LA CULTURE: ¿MODELE, FORMATION, EXERCICE? (2002)

Un jugement moral étroit ne cesse de condamner la culture contemporaine parce qu&#39;elle n&#39;engendrerait que des lieux communs. Il voue aux gémonies l&#39;absence de véritable culture chez nos contemporains. Dans la bouche de ces imprécateurs, la déploration et le ressentiment à l&#39;égard des pratiques et des institutions culturelles passent pour des sentiments positifs. Avec ces jugements, la théorie contemporaine de la culture s&#39;enferme dans l&#39;idéologie régressive ...
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Properties of S,S‐Diphenyl Amino Acid Phosphorodithioates. (1989)

Abstract Phosphorylation of protected serine (I) and tyrosine (VI) with (II) leads to the title products (III) and (VIIa).
Colony-stimulating factor 1 expression is down-regulated during the adipocyte differentiation of H-1/A marrow stromal cells and induced by cachectin/tumor necrosis factor. (1991)

We isolated clonal sublines of the established mouse marrow stromal cell line, H-1. These clonal sublines underwent differentiation into adipocytes in various degrees. One subline, H-1/A, underwent adipocyte differentiation after confluence, while another subline, H-1/D, did not differentiate. In H-1/A cells, the 4.5- and 2.5-kb major mRNA species of colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) were expressed before differentiation and were down-regulated at a posttranscriptional level during the differentiation of H-1/A cells. The down-regulation of the CSF-1 gene was not a result of arrested cellular growth, because no down-regulation was detected in the nondifferentiating sister line, H-1/D. This down-regulation appeared to be an early event in differentiation. Cachectin/tumor necrosis factor transiently induced the expression of CSF-1 and inhibited the differentiation of H-1/A cells into adipocytes. This induced expression of CSF-1 was due to an increased rate of transcription.
Use of immunotoxin to inhibit proliferating human corneal endothelium. (1988)

Transferrin plays a central role in cellular proliferation and proliferating cells have been shown to express transferrin receptors with increased density. We examined the effect of an immunotoxin consisting of anti-transferrin receptor monoclonal antibody (454A12) conjugated to recombinant ricin A chain (rRTA) on the proliferation of human corneal endothelium (HCE) in vitro. In proliferating cultures an immunotoxin (454A12-rRTA) concentration of 50 ng/mL reduced cell counts at day 7 by at least 89%, with no effect observed at 0.01 ng/ml. In contrast, cell counts were only minimally reduced in confluent cultures, even after 7 days' exposure to high concentrations of immunotoxin. These data suggest that 454A12-rRTA may be used to prevent growth of human corneal endothelium in pathological conditions such as the iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome.
Characterization of the 300 K and 700 K Calibration Sources for Space Application with the Bepicolombo Mission to Mercury (2011)

The Mercury Radiometer and Thermal Infrared Spectrometer (MERTIS) onboard the European–Japanese space mission BepiColombo to Mercury will be launched in 2014. The MERTIS scientific objective is to identify rock-forming minerals and measure surface temperatures by infrared spectroscopy (7 μm to 14 μm) and spectrally unresolved infrared radiometry (7 μm to 40 μm). To achieve this goal, MERTIS utilizes two onboard infrared calibration sources, the MERTIS blackbody at 700 K (MBB7) and the MERTIS blackbody at 300 K (MBB3), together with deep space observations corresponding to 3 K. All three sources can be observed one after the other using a rotating mirror system. The leaders of the project MERTIS are the Westfälische University of Münster, institute for planetary investigation, Mr. Prof. Dr. H. Hiesinger (PI) and the DLR, Institute of Planetary Research Berlin-Adlershof, Mr. Dr. J. Helbert (CoPI). Both blackbody radiators have to fulfill the severe mass, volume, and power restrictions of MERTIS. The radiating area of the MBB3 is based on a structured surface with a high-emissivity space qualified coating. The relatively high emissivity of the coating was further enhanced by a pyramidal surface structure to values over 0.99 in the wavelength range from 5 μm to 10 μm and over 0.95 in the wavelength range from 10 μm to 30 μm. The MBB7 is based on a small commercially available surface emitter in a standard housing. The windowless emitter is an electrically heated resistor, which consists of a platinum structure with a blackened surface on a ceramic body. The radiation of the emitter is expanded and collimated through use of a parabolic mirror. The design requirements and the radiometric and thermometric characterization of these two blackbodies are described in this paper.
Dry Extract and Minerals (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Dry extract Ash Inorganic anions Inorganic cations Iron and the ferric casse mechanism Copper and copper casse Heavy metals References
Supplementary Excel File 10 from Functional Synergies yet Distinct Modulators Affected by Genetic Alterations in Common Human Cancers (2023)

Supplementary Excel File 10 from Functional Synergies yet Distinct Modulators Affected by Genetic Alterations in Common Human Cancers
Electrical conduction in metal foils (1980)

The most popular theory concerning the electrical resistivity of metal foils is that given by Fuchs, despite the presence of a physically more realistic theory developed by Soffer. It is shown that as a result of using Fuchs' theory experimentalists have been led to erroneous conclusions regarding both the surface-induced deviations from Mathiessen's rule (DMR) and the temperature dependence of the product of the bulk resistivity and the bulk electron mean free path rho infinity lambda infinity . It is shown that Soffer's theory may be well fitted to the available data on aluminium foils using a temperature-independent rho infinity lambda infinity whilst also satisfactorily explaining surface-produced DMR. Consequently surface scattering is shown to be better characterised by Scoffer's model, which involves an angle-dependent scattering parameter, than by Fuchs' model which assumes that surface scattering is independent of angle of incidence. The two theories are shown to be equivalent only when the sample thickness is greater than the bulk electron mean free path.