gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A scalable dc microgrid architecture for rural electrification in emerging regions (2015)

We present the design and experimental validation of a scalable dc microgrid architecture for rural electrification. The microgrid design has been driven by field data collected from Kenya and India. The salient features of the microgrid are distributed voltage control and distributed storage, which enable developed world grid cost parity. In this paper, we calculate that the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) for the proposed dc microgrid system will be less than $0.40 per kW-hr. We also present experimental results from a locally installed dc microgrid prototype that demonstrate the steady state behavior, the perturbation response, and the overall efficiency of the system. The experimental results demonstrate the suitability of the presented dc microgrid architecture as a technically advantageous and cost effective method for electrifying emerging regions.
P1–119: Establishment of a p75NTR transgenic mouse model (2006)

p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is a type I transmembrane receptor structurally related to the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily of death receptors. p75NTR binds non–neurotrophin ligands, including amyloid beta peptides (Abeta), known to abnormally accumulate in brains of Alzheimer Disease (AD) patients, and pro–NGF (Nerve Growth Factor) which is shown to be upregulated in AD brains. The abnormal accumulation of Abeta in the form of senile plaques is one of the main characteristics of AD. It has been shown that two members of the neurotrophin receptor superfamily, TrkA (tyrosine kinase receptor A) and p75NTR differentially regulate the processing of APP (amyloid precursor protein). TrkA reduces, whereas p75NTR activates the beta–cleavage of APP. The p75NTR–dependent effect requires NGF binding and activation of the second messenger ceramide. In addition normal aging activates Abeta generation in the brain by ‘switching’ from the TrkA to the p75NTR receptor system. In our study we have generated several hp75NTR transgenic mouse lines under control of the murine Thy–1–promoter in order to induce neuronal overexpression of this receptor. Three different mouse lines were intensively investigated. p75 expression, behavioral changes due to the transgene expression as well as brain histomorphological changes were evaluated. p75NTR mRNA and protein expression was detected in different brain regions as well as in spinal cord of tg mice. The Morris–Water–Maze test showed significant cognition disturbance in 8 month old transgenic mice. For the same groups of mice no difference could be detected between transgenic mice and non–transgenic littermates in the Open Field and in the RotaRod tests, indicating normal psychomotoric activity and motor function. A mouse line overexpressing full length hp75NTR could be a useful experimental animal model for evaluating the role of hp75NTR in neurodegenerative processes and its effects on human Abeta generation or its relationship with other ligands in vivo.
Petrophysical Seismic Inversion Over an Offshore Carbonate Field (2013)

Abstract The main objective of this project was to evaluate the ability to derive petrophysical properties like porosity from pre-stack seismic data in a carbonate environment. We apply a direct petrophysical inversion technique to an offshore carbonate reservoir. Starting from an initial geological model in depth and a number of carefully conditioned seismic angle stacks, we derive a detailed 3-D model of the porosity and hydrocarbon saturation matching the observed seismic data. We use a well-calibrated Petro-Elastic Model (PEM) to link the petrophysical properties to the seismic velocities. We compare inversion results obtained using the Xu-Payne and T-matrix PEMs which both account for carbonate pore geometry, lithology, porosity and fluid content but have different elastic sensitivity to fluid saturations. The inverted results provide detailed images of the spatial variations of porosity and fluid content across the reservoir interval. Obtaining estimates of absolute saturations values is more difficult, as saturation estimation is strongly dependent on the choice of PEM. Introduction Carbonate reservoirs are notoriously heterogeneous. Seismic inversion is therefore needed to help estimate the spatial variations of rock type, porosity and fluid content in between the available wells. We present the results of a direct inversion of porosity and saturations from seismic pre-stack data over an offshore carbonate reservoir.
Let's generate ideas - a review of web-based crowd sourcing tools for the basis of entrepreneurship (2018)

The main aim of this paper is to review web-based tools designed for generating and documenting business ideas. The paper first reviews related literature and then discusses useful instruments relevant for creative entrepreneurial tasks. These tools can be helpful in the initial phase of entrepreneurial activities. While several factors are crucial for successful ideas and their implementation, the discussed web-based idea generation tools might assist in creating, evaluating and selecting entrepreneurial ideas. The aim of this manuscript is to provide an overview of such tools so that scholars and practitioners can select a tool that is appropriate for their purpose. As future work we plan an in-depth empirical investigation of these tools.
Development of a simulation plateform for ACC radar application (2011)

This paper presents a simulation plate-form of an Adaptative Cruise Control radar. This simulation plate-form will be implemented in a multi-sensor simulator for ADAS system design. In this paper, the principle of the simulation plate-form is explained and illustrated with different examples.
The Vaccine Renaissance (2011)

Approximately 100 delegate drawn from academia, government and industry gathered in Providence, Rhode Island on the 20th October 2010, for the Vaccine Renaissance Conference IV. This meeting was the fourth in a series of annual conferences for vaccinologists in the US North-East organised by Prof. Annie De Groot (University of Rhode Island). The conference had a strong academic stream with a focus on early stage vaccine research and development with a major focus on cutting-edge developments in the vaccine field. This year, the day before the main conference, an associated immuno-informatic workshop was held at the University of Rhode Island, which provided training to delegates on use of immuno-informatic tools for rational vaccine design.
Humidity‐Responsive RGB‐Pixels via Swelling of 3D Nanoimprinted Polyvinyl Alcohol (2022)

Humidity-responsive structural coloration is actively investigated to realize real-time humidity sensors for applications in smart farming, food storage, and healthcare management. Here, humidity-tunable nano pixels are investigated with a 700 nm resolution that demonstrates full standard RGB (sRGB) gamut coverage with a millisecond-response time. The color pixels are designed as Fabry-Pérot (F-P) etalons which consist of an aluminum mirror substrate, humidity-responsive polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) spacer, and a top layer of disordered silver nanoparticles (NPs). The measured volume change of the PVA reaches up to 62.5% when the relative humidity (RH) is manipulated from 20 to 90%. The disordered silver NP layer permits the penetration of water molecules into the PVA layer, enhancing the speed of absorption and swelling down to the millisecond level. Based on the real-time response of the hydrogel-based F-P etalons with a high-throughput 3D nanoimprint technique, a high-resolution multicolored color print that can have potential applications in display technologies and optical encryption, is demonstrated.
Molecular Characterization and Tissue Distribution of a New Organic Anion Transporter Subtype (oatp3) That Transports Thyroid Hormones and Taurocholate and Comparison with oatp2 (1998)

Two complementary DNAs for the organic anion transporter subtypes oatp2 and oatp3, which transport thyroid hormones as well as taurocholate, were isolated from a rat retina cDNA library. The sequence of oatp2 is identical to that recently reported (Noé, B., Hagenbuch, B., Stieger, B., and Meier, P. J. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 94, 10346-10350), whereas the sequence of oatp3 is novel. oatp3 consists of 670 amino acid residues and exhibits a structural architecture common to the organic anion transporter family, possessing the 12 putative membrane-spanning segments. Oocytes injected with oatp2 and oatp3 cRNAs showed taurocholate uptake in a saturable manner. The oatp2 and oatp3 cRNA-injected oocytes also showed significant uptake of both thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Northern blot and in situ analyses showed that the oatp2 mRNA was widely expressed in neuronal cells of the central nervous system, especially in the hippocampus, cerebellum, and choroid plexus as well as in the retina and liver. The oatp3 mRNA was highly expressed in the kidney and moderately abundant in the retina. This suggests that oatp2 and oatp3 are multifunctional transporters involved in the transport of thyroid hormones in the brain, retina, liver, and kidney.
Building Customizable Multisite‐Targeting c‐Myc shRNA Array into Branch‐PCR‐Constructed DNA Nanovectors for Enhanced Tumor Cell Suppression (2020)

Abstract RNA interference (RNAi) has been extensively used to downregulate abnormal excessive mRNA in treating intractable diseases like cancers. Albeit with the success of siRNA drugs, the development of shRNA (small hairpin RNA) as RNAi drugs still meets the great challenge in clinical treatments for lacking the suitable delivery vector to express numerous shRNAs in cells. Considering our previously established branch‐PCR (branched polymerase chain reaction) technology, we herein introduced a multisite‐targeting c‐Myc shRNA array into DNA nanovectors via branch‐PCR. The results indicated that this kind of DNA nanovector retained better serum stability than plasmids and linear DNA. The cell viability test further showed that the transcription of c‐Myc shRNA arrays greatly enhanced the anti‐cancer activity by eliminating approximately 98.2 % c‐Myc mRNA, which posed a technical advance in augmenting the gene silencing efficiency of vector‐expressed shRNAs in cells. Hence, it would be promising to use this customizable and stable shRNA array‐based DNA nanovectors to enhance the curable efficacy of shRNAs in cancer treatment.
Effect of microalloying of copper with yttrium on its structure and mechanical properties (2011)

The influence of microalloying of copper of MV grade with yttrium on its macrostructure and mechanical properties is studied. It is shown that small amounts of yttrium refine the structure of the alloy ingot and lead to additional purification of copper from impurities. Alloying of copper with yttrium significantly changes the fine structure of the material, which significantly affects the strength characteristics.
A study on the vulnerability of OTP implementation by using MITM attack and reverse engineering (2011)

OTP (One Time Password) is widely used for protecting accounts on Internet banking, portal services and online game services in Korea. OTP is very strong method for enforcing account security but there are several ways for exploiting vulnerabilities caused by implementation errors. These attacks can work because of the weakness from OTP enabled system's vulnerabilities, not for OTP's algorithm itself. In this paper, we present the known attack scenarios such as MITM (Man-in-the-Middle) attack and various reverse engineering techniques; also, we show the test result of the attacks and countermeasures for these attacks.
Estimation of Wavenumber Spectra of Fluctuations by Using Fixed Probes (1977)

A spectral analysis technique is studied with respect to a stationary and homogeneous random field. The differential coefficients of the covariance function of the field, represented by an analytic signal, is related to its wavenumber spectrum moment. It is shown that the covariance function evaluated by using a pair of fixed probes with an appropriately small separation may provide good estimators of the mean wavenumber and the wavenumber spectral width. This method of measurement may be useful for the experimental study of plasma turbulence.
Differential responses to growth factors by normal human mesothelial cultures from individual donors (1989)

Abstract A significant interindividual variation in the growth rates is found in normal cultured human mesothelial (NHM) cells derived from different donors. This variation is observed when the mesothelial cells are incubated in medium containing serum and when the potencies of several separate growth factors are measured by using defined media. Depending on the donor, gamma‐interferon and interleukin‐2 can be toxic, have no effect, or stimulate the growth rate of NHM cells. Cultured NHM cells can be induced to multiply by growth factors that are released by activated macrophages. Thus, interindividual variation in NHM cell growth control could play a role in the pathogenesis of mesothelioma for a person exposed to asbestos.
Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (1-34) and (107-111) fragments prevent bone loss in old ovariectomized rats (1994)

*INRA, Centre de Theix Diffusion du document : INRA, Centre de Theix
Triple Procedure for Intraocular Lens Exchange (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —would like to comment on the recent article by Waring and colleagues.<sup>1</sup>There are several difficulties in placing an intraocular lens at the same time a corneal transplant is performed, especially at the same time an offending implant is removed. The new cornea must heal sitting on an eye that is inflamed from the extra manipulation of removing and/or replacing an intraocular lens. I think it is much wiser to perform this procedure in three separate operations. The first removes the intraocular lens, and the eye is allowed to "quiet down" completely before an atraumatic corneal transplant is performed. After the transplant is completely healed, a secondary lens implantation is performed. I will soon be reporting on a series of such cases. The most overwhelming argument for my proposal is the fact that it is extremely difficult, if not impossible, to estimate the postoperative curvature
Recovery of Vanadium from Boiler Slag of Oil Fired Power Plant. (1991)

of vanadium from boiler slag derived from oil fired power plant was carried out by water leaching of heated sample under addition of sodium hydroxide. Salting out and crystallization of vanadate
Polar, non-coordinating ionic liquids as solvents for the alternating copolymerization of styrene and CO catalyzed by cationic palladium catalystsElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: experimental details. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b2/b203367d/ (2002)

The palladium-catalyzed copolymerization of styrene and CO in an ionic liquid solvent, 1-hexylpyridinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, gave improved yields and increased molecular weights compared to polymerizations run in methanol.
Lung CD4 Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells Mediate Adaptive Immunity Induced by Previous Infection of Mice with Bordetella pertussis (2017)

Th1 and Th17 cells have an established role in protective immunity to <i>Bordetella pertussis</i>, but this evidence is based largely on peripheral T cells. There is emerging evidence that local tissue-resident memory T (T<sub>RM</sub>) cells that accumulate in tissue following mucosal infection may be crucial for long-term immunity. In this study, we examined the role of respiratory CD4 T<sub>RM</sub> cells in immunity to <i>B. pertussis</i> Natural immunity to <i>B. pertussis</i> induced by infection is considered long lasting and effective at preventing reinfection. Consistent with this, we found that convalescent mice rapidly cleared the bacteria after reinfection. Furthermore, CD4 T cells with a T<sub>RM</sub> cell phenotype (CD44<sup>+</sup>CD62L<sup>-</sup>CD69<sup>+</sup> or CD44<sup>+</sup>CD62L<sup>-</sup>CD69<sup>+</sup>CD103<sup>+</sup>) accumulated in the lungs of mice during infection with <i>B. pertussis</i> and significantly expanded through local proliferation following reinfection. These CD4 T<sub>RM</sub> cells were <i>B. pertussis</i> specific and secreted IL-17 or IL-17 and IFN-γ. Treatment of mice with FTY720, which prevented migration of T and B cells from lymph nodes to the circulation, significantly exacerbated <i>B. pertussis</i> infection. This was associated with significantly reduced infiltration of central memory T cells and B cells into the lungs. However, the local expansion of T<sub>RM</sub> cells and the associated rapid clearance of the secondary infection were not affected by treatment with FTY720 before rechallenge. Moreover, adoptive transfer of lung CD4 T<sub>RM</sub> cells conferred protection in naive mice. Our findings reveal that Ag-specific CD4 T<sub>RM</sub> cells play a critical role in adaptive immunity against reinfection and memory induced by natural infection with <i>B. pertussis</i>.
Activator protein 1-mediated transcriptional regulation strategy sustains long-term expression of a xenogeneic gene product in vivo: An implication for gene therapy targeting congenital protein deficiencies (2006)

Maintenance of high-level transgene expression is the main challenge in current gene therapy. Although the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter/enhancer or its derivative the CAG promoter has been harnessed in current gene therapy vectors, transgene expression by these vectors is often transient and remains at suboptimal levels due to undefined mechanisms, possibly including the shortage of transcriptional machinery. To overcome this drawback, we designed a novel transcriptional control system, designated here as transcription factor-supercharging promoter system, in which transgene expression is regulated by the positive feedback circuit consisting of cis- and trans-acting elements of gene expression machinery. Among combinations of these elements, a plasmid composed of a target gene expression cassette driven by the chimeric CMV promoter containing repetitive 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-responsive elements as cis-acting elements (CMV-TTT) and expression cassettes for c-Fos and c-Jun genes as trans-acting elements facilitated high and long-term (>10 months) expression of a transgene after its intramuscular electroporation-mediated delivery in mice. Since human secretory alkaline phosphatase was used as a reporter, it was suggested that the immune evasion mechanism elicited by the CMV-TTT and/or c-Fos/ c-Jun expression also contributed to the sustained expression in mice. Our strategy may open a new avenue for a gene therapy that involves lifelong supplementation of a deficient protein that could be targeted by the host's immune system.
Creep-Fatigue and Thermo-Mechanical Fatigue of Friction-Welded IN 718/MarM247 Dissimilar Joint (2008)

The high temperature strength of the friction welded superalloy joint between cast polycrystalline Mar-M247 and the forged IN718 alloys has been investigated under low cycle and thermomechanical fatigue loadings, in comparison with those of the base materials. The experiments showed that the lives of the dissimilar joints were significantly influenced by the test conditions and loading modes. Not only the lives themselves but also the failure positions and mechanisms were sensitive to the loading mode. Especially under the loading conditions in which the creep-fatigue interaction was pronounced, some specific failure phenomena appeared in the DFW joint. The fracture behavior dependences on the loading modes and test conditions were discussed, based on analyses of the macroscopic elastic follow-up mechanism, the stress state by finite element method, and the inhomogeneous microstructure in the joint.
Reactivity Insight into Reductive Coupling and Aldol Cyclization of Chalcones by Visible Light Photocatalysis (2012)

The reductive coupling and cyclization of chalcones to generate cyclopentanol derivatives in up to 84% yield by visible light photoredox catalysis is described. This reaction involves radical anion homocoupling, monoprotonation, and intramolecular cyclization cascade.
Bitter melon extract inhibits breast cancer growth in preclinical model by inducing autophagic cell death (2017)

Breast cancer is a major public health problem worldwide in women and current therapeutic strategies are not adequately effective for this deadly disease. We have previously shown the anti-proliferative activity of bitter melon extract (BME) in breast cancer cells. In this study, we observed that BME treatment induces autophagosome-bound Long chain 3 (LC3)-B and accumulates protein p62/SQSTM1 (p62) in breast cancer cells. Additionally, we observed that BME treatment in breast cancer cells increases phospho-AMPK expression and inhibits the mTOR/Akt signaling pathway. Subsequently, we demonstrated that BME feeding effectively inhibited breast cancer growth in syngeneic and xenograft mouse models. Further, we observed the increased p62 accumulation, induction of autophagy and apoptotic cell death in tumors from BME-fed animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate that BME treatment inhibits breast tumor growth, and this anti-tumor activity in breast cancer is, in part, mediated by induction of autophagy and modulation of the AMPK/mTOR pathway. The antitumor activity of BME by oral feeding in breast cancer models suggested the high potential for a clinical application.
Production, intake, and feeding behavior of dairy goats fed alfalfa via grazing and cassava (2022)

This study examined the replacement of maize and soybean meal with cassava chips and alfalfa grazing, respectively. Twelve lactating Anglo-Nubian goats were kept on a Panicum maximum cv. Tobiatã pasture. The experiment was laid out in a Latin square design in which the following diets were tested: ground maize + soybean meal, cassava chips + soybean meal, ground maize + alfalfa grazing, and cassava chips + alfalfa grazing. The evaluated variables were feed intake, daily weight gain, milk yield [...]
Identification of haemophilia B patients with mutations in the two calcium binding domains of factor IX: importance of a β‐OH Asp 64→Asn change (1991)

The polymerase chain reaction procedure (PCR) coupled with direct sequencing has been used to screen a panel of haemophilia B patients. This analysis has identified, amongst others, several mutations in the functionally important gla and type B EGF domains of factor IX, both of which are known to bind calcium. Type B EGF domains are widely distributed in proteins; located within these domains are highly conserved amino acid residues important for the formation of a high-affinity calcium binding site. One prominent feature of these domains is a highly conserved beta-hydroxylated Asp or Asn residue. Of particular interest is the identification of one patient, with a substitution of the beta-hydroxy Asp-64 residue normally present in factor IX for Asn. This change results in a functionally defective factor IX molecule with altered calcium binding properties. To explain the functional abnormality caused by this substitution of one amino acid residue for another which is commonly found at the equivalent position in other proteins with type B EGF domains, we propose the existence of additional conserved residues within this domain, which are important for calcium binding, and which correlate with whether the beta-hydroxylated residue is Asp or Asn.