gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Additive Manufacturing: A study on the Impact of Pulse Frequency (2019)

By Natalie Reed, Mechanical Engineering
 Advisor: Murali Sundaram
 Presentation ID: PM_D33
 Abstract: Electrochemical Additive Manufacturing (ECAM) is a new process in manufacturing metal parts. Using the methodology behind metal electroplating we can print 3 dimensional metal shapes in a liquid substrate. This results in a mask-less process that produces metal parts with improved properties compared to traditional metal 3D printing processes. Because this process is still relatively new there are gaps in the understanding of the influence of many parameters that affect the process, one of which is examined in this study. This study explores the relationship between the diameter of the material deposit and the frequency with which the electrical pulses are supplied. Currently, results indicate that with higher pulse frequencies the diameter of the deposit decreases. However, the total rate of deposit has shown to stay consistent meaning that higher pulse frequencies result in a faster rate of vertical deposit. The presentation will cover the methodology behind the electrochemical additive manufacturing process as well as the experimental procedure that led to the discovery of how pulse frequency impacts material deposit.
Enhancement of mass spectrometric detection of LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4 by derivatization (1994)

Several acylating reagents are synthesized and used to introduce quatemary phosphonium or ammonium or ternary sulfonium functions into a simple model of a peptido leukotriene (PLT). One of these reagents was selected for further study with LTE4, LTD4, and LTC4. We demonstrate that acylation of the free amine function of PLTs to produce the 5-triphenylphosphoniumvaleryl-amide (TPPV) derivatives enhances chemical stabilities and significantly increases responses in fast-atom bombardment and continuous-flow liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry (CF-LSIMS) relative to the native PLTs. With high-performance liquid chromatography inlet to CF-LSIMS, we demonstrate the facile detection in selected ion monitoring of the TPPV derivative of 3 pg of LTD4.
Arabidopsis subtilases promote defense-related pectin methylesterase activity and robust immune responses to botrytis infection (2023)

Plants involve a fine modulation of pectin methylesterase (PME) activity against microbes. PME activity can promote the cell wall stiffening and the production of damage signals able to induce defense responses and plant resistance to pathogens. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying PME activation during disease remain largely unknown. In this study, we explored the role of subtilases (SBTs) as PME activators in Arabidopsis immunity. By using biochemical and reverse genetic approaches, we found that the expression of SBT3.3 and SBT3.5 influences the induction of defense-related PME activity and resistance to the fungus Botrytis cinerea. Arabidopsis sbt3.3 and sbt3.5 knockout mutants showed decreased induction of PME activity and increased susceptibility to the fungus. SBT3.3 expression was stimulated by oligogalacturonides. Overexpression of SBT3.3 overactivated PME activity during fungal infection and enhanced resistance to B. cinerea. A negative correlation was observed between SBT3.3 expression and cell wall methyl ester content in the genotypes analyzed after B. cinerea infection. Increased expression of defense-related genes, including PAD3, CYP81F2 and WAK2, was also revealed in SBT3.3 overexpressing lines. We also demonstrated that SBT3.3 and pro-PME17 are both secreted into the cell wall using distinct protein secretion pathways and different kinetics. Our results propose SBT3.3 and SBT3.5 as modulators of PME activity in Arabidopsis against Botrytis to promptly boost immunity limiting the growth-defense trade-off.
Fluorescein Analogues as Photoremovable Protecting Groups Absorbing at ∼520 nm (2012)

A new photoremovable protecting group, (6-hydroxy-3-oxo-3H-xanthen-9-yl)methyl (1), with a molar absorption coefficient ε of ∼4 × 10(4) m(-1) cm(-1) at ∼520 nm for the release of carboxylates or phosphates is reported. Three derivatives of 1 (diethyl phosphate, acetate, and bromide) were isolated as complexes with DDQ and shown to release the ligands with quantum yields ≤2.4% in aqueous solution.
Ultrastructural, histochemical, and morphometric analysis of skeletal muscle in a murine model of type I diabetes (1994)

The degeneration and necrosis of myofibers concomitant with the sever atrophy of both the type 2A and 2B myofibers in the STZ muscle could account for the functional alterations seen in diabetic muscle.
Data-Driven Analytics for Benchmarking and Optimizing Retail Store Performance (2018)

Growing competitiveness and increasing availability of data is generating tremendous interest in data-driven analytics across industries. In the retail sector, stores need targeted guidance to improve both the efficiency and effectiveness of individual stores based on their specific locations, demographics, and environment. We propose an effective data-driven framework for internal benchmarking that can lead to targeted guidance for individual stores. In particular, we propose an objective method for segmenting stores using a model-based clustering technique that accounts for similarity in store performance dynamics. The proposed method relies on an effective Finite Mixture of Regressions technique based on competitive learning for carrying out the model-based clustering with `must-link' constraints and modeling store performance. We also propose an optimization framework to derive tailored recommendations for individual stores within store clusters that jointly improves profitability for the store while also improving sales to satisfy franchiser requirements. We validate the methods using synthetic experiments as well as a real-world automotive dealership network study for a leading global automotive manufacturer.
NFAT transcription factors: from cell cycle to tumor development (2005)

The nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) family of transcription factors has been primarily identified in immune cells; however, these proteins have been recently found to be functionally active in several other non-immune cell types. NFAT proteins are activated upon different stimuli that lead to increased intracellular calcium levels. Regardless of their widely known cytokine gene expression properties, NFATs have been shown to regulate other genes related to cell cycle progression, cell differentiation and apoptosis, revealing a broader role for these proteins in normal cell physiology. Several reports have addressed the participation of NFATs in many aspects of malignant cell transformation and tumorigenic processes. In this review, we will discuss the involvement of the different NFAT family members in the regulation of cell cycling, differentiation and tumor formation, and also its implications on oncogenesis. Better understanding the mechanisms by which NFATs regulate cell cycle and tumor-related events should be relevant for the development of rational anti-cancer therapies.
Venereal Transmission of Chikungunya Virus by Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) (2010)

Experiments were conducted to demonstrate the role of male Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in the maintenance and transmission of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) to female mosquitoes. We demonstrated that infected male mosquitoes are capable of infecting females during mating. The infection rate in female mosquitoes was 11% when virgin female mosquitoes were allowed to coinhabit with infected males. The body suspension of venereally infected female mosquitoes induced illness in infant Swiss albino mice, which demonstrated the infectivity of the venereally transmitted virus. The presence of CHIKV in the brains of the ill mice was confirmed by a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction specific for partial sequences of nonstructural protein 4 and envelope 1 genes. In the light of the recent report of transovarial transmission of CHIKV in mosquitoes, although at a lower level, this finding has significance because it may help in transmission of the virus to females venereally to start a new infection cycle.
Immunohistochemistry profiles of breast ductal carcinoma: factor analysis of digital image analysis data (2012)

The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1512077125668949.
Complementary roles of Fas-associated death domain (FADD) and receptor interacting protein kinase-3 (RIPK3) in T-cell homeostasis and antiviral immunity (2011)

Caspase-8 (casp8) is required for extrinsic apoptosis, and mice deficient in casp8 fail to develop and die in utero while ultimately failing to maintain the proliferation of T cells, B cells, and a host of other cell types. Paradoxically, these failures are not caused by a defect in apoptosis, but by a presumed proliferative function of this protease. Indeed, following mitogenic stimulation, T cells lacking casp8 or its adaptor protein FADD (Fas-associated death domain protein) develop a hyperautophagic morphology, and die a programmed necrosis-like death process termed necroptosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that receptor-interacting protein kinases (RIPKs) RIPK1 and RIPK3 together facilitate TNF-induced necroptosis, but the precise role of RIPKs in the demise of T cells lacking FADD or casp8 activity is unknown. Here we demonstrate that RIPK3 and FADD have opposing and complementary roles in promoting T-cell clonal expansion and homeostasis. We show that the defective proliferation of T cells bearing an interfering form of FADD (FADDdd) is rescued by crossing with RIPK3(-/-) mice, although such rescue ultimately leads to lymphadenopathy. Enhanced recovery of these double-mutant T cells following stimulation demonstrates that FADD, casp8, and RIPK3 are all essential for clonal expansion, contraction, and antiviral responses. Finally, we demonstrate that caspase-mediated cleavage of RIPK1-containing necrosis inducing complexes (necrosomes) is sufficient to prevent necroptosis in the face of death receptor signaling. These studies highlight the "two-faced" nature of casp8 activity, promoting clonal expansion in some situations and apoptotic demise in others.
UTILIZING SAR AND MULTISPECTRAL INTEGRATED DATA FOR EMERGENCY RESPONSE (2016)

Satellite images are used widely in the risk cycle to understand the exposure, refine hazard maps and quickly provide an assessment after a natural or man-made disaster. Though there are different types of satellite images (e.g. optical, radar) these have not been combined for risk assessments. The characteristics of different remote sensing data type may be extremely valuable for monitoring and evaluating the impacts of disaster events, to extract additional information thus making it available for emergency situations. To base this approach, two different change detection methods, for two different sensor's data were used: Coherence Change Detection (CCD) for SAR data and Covariance Equalization (CE) for multispectral imagery. The CCD provides an identification of the stability of an area, and shows where changes have occurred. CCD shows subtle changes with an accuracy of several millimetres to centimetres. The CE method overcomes the atmospheric effects differences between two multispectral images, taken at different times. Therefore, areas that had undergone a major change can be detected. To achieve our goals, we focused on the urban areas affected by the tsunami event in Sendai, Japan that occurred on March 11, 2011 which affected the surrounding area, coastline and inland. High resolution TerraSAR-X (TSX) and Landsat 7 images, covering the research area, were acquired for the period before and after the event. All pre-processed and processed according to each sensor. Both results, of the optical and SAR algorithms, were combined by resampling the spatial resolution of the Multispectral data to the SAR resolution. This was applied by spatial linear interpolation. A score representing the damage level in both products was assigned. The results of both algorithms, high level of damage is shown in the areas closer to the sea and shoreline. Our approach, combining SAR and multispectral images, leads to more reliable information and provides a complete scene for the emergency response following an event.
Variation in nitroxide probe chain flexibility within sodium dodecyl sulfate hemimicelles (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVariation in nitroxide probe chain flexibility within sodium dodecyl sulfate hemimicellesPrem. Chandar, P. Somasundaran, Kenneth C. Waterman, and Nicholas J. TurroCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1987, 91, 1, 148–150Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100285a033https://doi.org/10.1021/j100285a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views133Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Binding of Fluorescein and Carboxyfluorescein by Normal and Glycosylated Human Serum Proteins (1982)

The binding of fluorescein and 6-carboxyfluorescein by normal, diabetic and in vitro glycosylated human serum proteins was analyzed by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, gel filtration and equilibrium dialysis. The absorption spectra of bound fluorochromes showed red shifts and hypochromic changes, and fluorochrome fluorescence was reduced by serum proteins. Bio-gel P-6 and Sephadex G-200 gel filtration in solvents containing free fluorochrome demonstrated that fluorescein and carboxyfluorescein were bound by serum proteins of varying molecular weights and/or diffusion rates. Equilibrium dialysis at 37 degrees C showed that human sera contained 3.5 +/- (SD) 0.4 X 10(-3)M of fluorescein and carboxyfluorescein binding sites with an average association constant of 3.9 +/- 0.2 X 10(-3)M-1. Undiluted serum proteins bound 93% of the fluorochrome at a total concentration of 2 X 10(-4)M or less. Glycosylation of serum proteins in vivo or in vitro did not change the concentration-dependent or pH-dependent binding of fluorescein or carboxyfluorescein.
Virulence Factor Identification in the Banana Pathogen Dickeya zeae MS2 (2019)

The phytopathogen <i>Dickeya zeae</i> MS2 is a particularly virulent agent of banana soft rot disease. To begin to understand this banana disease and to understand the role of quorum sensing and quorum-sensing-related regulatory elements in <i>D. zeae</i> MS2, we sequenced its genome and queried the sequence for genes encoding LuxR homologs. We identified a canonical LuxR-LuxI homolog pair similar to those in other members of the genus <i>Dickeya</i> The quorum-sensing signal for this pair was <i>N</i>-3-oxo-hexanoyl-homoserine lactone, and the circuit affected motility, cell clumping, and production of the pigment indigoidine, but it did not affect infections of banana seedlings in our experiments. We also identified a <i>luxR</i> homolog linked to a gene annotated as encoding a proline iminopeptidase. Similar linked pairs have been associated with virulence in other plant pathogens. We show that mutants with deletions in the proline iminopeptidase gene are attenuated for virulence. Surprisingly, a mutant with a deletion in the gene encoding the LuxR homolog shows normal virulence.<b>IMPORTANCE</b><i>Dickeya zeae</i> is an emerging banana soft rot pathogen in China. We used genome sequencing and annotation to create an inventory of potential virulence factors and virulence gene regulators encoded in <i>Dickeya zeae</i> MS2, a particularly virulent strain. We created mutations in several genes and tested these mutants in a banana seedling infection model. A strain with a mutated proline iminopeptidase gene, homologs of which are important for disease in the <i>Xanthomonas</i> species phytopathogens, was attenuated for soft rot symptoms in our model. Understanding how the proline iminopeptidase functions as a virulence factor may lead to insights about how to control the disease, and it is of general importance as homologs of the proline iminopeptidase occur in dozens of plant-associated bacteria.
Identification of biomarkers for personalized peptide vaccination in 2,588 cancer patients (2020)

Peptide‑based cancer vaccines have failed to provide sufficient clinical benefits in order to be approved in clinical trials since the 1990s. To understand the mechanisms underlying this failure, the present study investigated biomarkers associated with the lower overall survival (OS) among 2,588 patients receiving personalized peptide vaccination (PPV). Survival data were obtained from a database of 2,588 cancer patients including 399 patients with lung, 354 with prostate and 344 with colon cancer. They entered into phase II clinical trials of PPV in which 2 to 4 of 31 warehouse peptides were selected for vaccination on an individual patient basis based on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class IA‑types and pre‑existing peptide‑specific IgG levels. Higher pre‑vaccination neutrophil, monocyte and platelet counts, and lower pre‑vaccination lymphocyte and red blood cell counts were inversely associated with OS, with higher sensitivities in the proportions of neutrophils and lymphocytes, respectively. The most potent unfavorable and favorable factors for OS were the median percentage of neutrophils (≥64.8%) or percentage of lymphocytes (≥25.1%) with correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.98 and 0.92, respectively. Higher pre‑vaccination levels of c‑reactive protein and other inflammatory soluble factors were inversely associated with OS. Pre‑vaccination peptide‑specific immunity levels had no effect on OS, although lower immune boosting levels were inversely associated with OS. None of the 31 peptides was inversely associated with OS, although a few peptides were positively associated with it. On the whole, the findings of the present study suggested that pre‑vaccination inflammatory signatures, but not those of post‑vaccination immune induction, were associated with lower clinical benefits of PPV.
Improving aerially deployed sensor networks using cooperative communications (2012)

Deploying wireless sensor networks (WSNs) from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can reduce the cost of large rollouts and make it safer to deploy sensors in disaster areas. However, aerial deployment can lead to nodes with arbitrary orientations and, thus, to misaligned antennas. While this problem was observed during experiments, it has not been systematically studied so far. This paper considers an aerially deployed network that utilizes routing designed to minimize latency and improve reliability. A new antenna model is used to demonstrate the performance degradation caused by aerial deployment. By mitigating a large share of this degradation, cooperative relaying substantially reduces the energy consumption of the network.
Concerted versus stepwise proton transfer reactions in the [2, 2′‐bipyridyl]‐3‐3′‐diol molecule: A static and dynamic ab‐initio investigation (2023)

The double proton transfer (PT) reaction has been investigated in the [2,2'-bipyridyl]-3-3'-diol, a complex molecule where the proton movements is coupled to significant rearrangement of the electronic structure. Moreover, the reaction could be concerted, that is the two protons are exchanged simultaneously, or stepwise, where the two protons are transferred sequentially. To this end, a static exploration of the potential energy surface (PES) was carried together with the analysis of the free-energy surface (FES), both surfaces being evaluated at density functional theory level and different exchange-correlation functionals. While the concerted mechanism has been clearly discharged, the characteristics of the stepwise PT significantly depends on the chosen functionals, some suggesting a clear stepwise mechanism characterized by a stable reaction intermediates and two transitions states, whereas other approaches propend for a asynchronous PT, with a single TS. These features appear on both PES and FES, albeit some differences appears due to their different nature.
Fine-tuning of Genome-Wide Polygenic Risk Scores and Prediction of Gestational Diabetes in South Asian Women (2020)

Gestational diabetes Mellitus (GDM) affects 1 in 7 births and is associated with numerous adverse health outcomes for both mother and child. GDM is suspected to share a large common genetic background with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of our study was to characterize different GDM polygenic risk scores (PRSs) and test their association with GDM using data from the South Asian Birth Cohort (START). PRSs were derived for 832 South Asian women from START using the pruning and thresholding (P + T), LDpred, and GraBLD methods. Weights were derived from a multi-ethnic and a white Caucasian study of the DIAGRAM consortium. GDM status was defined using South Asian-specific glucose values in response to an oral glucose tolerance test. Association with GDM was tested using logistic regression. Results were replicated in South Asian women from the UK Biobank (UKB) study. The top ranking P + T, LDpred and GraBLD PRSs were all based on DIAGRAM's multi-ethnic study. The best PRS was highly associated with GDM in START (AUC = 0.62, OR = 1.60 [95% CI = 1.44-1.69]), and in South Asian women from UKB (AUC = 0.65, OR = 1.69 [95% CI = 1.28-2.24]). Our results highlight the importance of combining genome-wide genotypes and summary statistics from large multi-ethnic studies to optimize PRSs in South Asians.
N » 2: Multi-speaker Display Systems for Virtual Reality and Spatial Audio Projection (1998)

This paper describes multi-speaker display systems for immersive auditory environments, collaborative projects, realistic acoustic modeling, and live musical performance. Two projects are described. The sound sub-system of the Princeton Display Wall project, and the NBody musical instrument body radiation response project. The Display Wall is an 18’ x 8’ rear-projection screen, illuminated by 8 high-resolution video projectors. Each projector is driven by a 4-way symmetric-multi-processor PC. The audio sub-system of this project involves 26 loudspeakers and server PCs to drive the speakers in real time from soundfile playback, audio effects applied to incoming audio streams, and parametric sound synthesis. The NBody project involves collecting and using directional impulse responses from a variety of stringed musical instruments. Various signal processing techniques were used to investigate, factor, store, and implement the collected impulse responses. A software workbench was created which allows virtual microphones to be placed around a virtual instrument, and then allows signals to be processed through the resulting derived transfer functions. Multi-speaker display devices and software programs were constructed which allow real-time application of of the filter functions to arbitrary sound sources. This paper also discusses the relation of spherical display systems to conventional systems in terms of spatial audio and sound-field reconstruction, with the conclusion that most conventional techniques can be used for spherical display systems as well.