gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Heat stress triggers an antioxidant response in porcine skeletal muscle (2013)

Heat stress (HS) is a major concern for the swine industry as it negatively impacts pig production efficiency. Also, heat related illnesses remain a serious concern for human health. HS pigs exhibit reduced feed intake and diminished growth rate, still, little is known about the molecular effects of HS on pig skeletal muscle. This study aimed to determine the extent to which HS disrupts redox balance in pig red semitendinosus (STR) muscle. Crossbred gilts were subjected to thermoneutral (TN; 20°C) or heat stress (35°C) conditions for 1, 3 or 7 days. To account for reduced feed intake in HS animals a group of TN animals were pair fed to mimic intake of 7 day HS animals. To assess redox imbalance in STR, nitrotyrosine and MDA, markers of oxidatively modified proteins, were measured by Western blots. Additionally, catalase activity, a major antioxidant enzyme, was measured. Nitrotyrosine was similar between all treatment groups; however, 1 and 3 days of HS decreased MDA content by 25% (P&lt;0.05) in HS pigs compared to TN pigs, but recovered to TN levels after 7 days of HS. Catalase activity increased ~30% after 1 day of HS (P&lt;0.05), though after 3 days of HS catalase activity was similar to TN. These results suggest that there is an initial antioxidant response to HS to alleviate free radical injury, however this response is not sustained. Supported by USDA/NIFA Grant No. 2011–67003‐30007.
Influence of TaN Gate Electrode Microstructure on Its Dry Etch Properties (2006)

The etch properties of physical vapor deposited used as a metal gate electrode have been found to be dependent on its crystalline microstructure. As found by X-ray diffraction, the initially amorphous crystallizes at temperatures above . The crystallization results in lower resistivity (decreased by 13%), and lower etch rate in plasma (decreased by 24%). The different crystalline microstructure can manifest itself in different etch results when the same etch process is applied for gate stacks that contain the same but were subjected to different thermal budget.
Coupled Maxwell-Bloch equations with inhomogeneous broadening for a 3-level system (2003)

The phenomenon that describes the effect of a coherent medium response to an incident electric field, to which the medium is totally transparent and which undergoes lossless propagation, is known as self-induced transparency (SIT). SIT was first discovered by McCall and Hahn (1969) in the case of nondegenerate two-level atoms. Special solutions for the two-level system were found by Lamb (1971), while the initial value problem for the propagation of a pulse through a resonant two-level optical medium was solved by Inverse Scattering Transform (IST) in [1, 2]. It is possible to formulate the SIT equations in the framework of the IST also in the case of a three-level system, as in [3]. While the associated scattering problem is the same as for the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation, the time evolution depends on asymptotic values of the material polarizability envelopes and is highly non-trivial. This talk will address the solution of the initial value problem for the SIT equations for three level systems, for generic preparation of the medium, and
Visor Use Among U.S. Army Rotary-Wing Aviators. (1998)

Abstract : Visors are optical devices that provide a level of comfort and protection from dust, wind, sun glare and particle fragments and, in the case of a crash, from tree branches, rocks, debris and aircraft structural parts. This report presents the results of a survey whose objective was to document visor usage, and identify problems associated with optical quality, and maintenance in Army rotary wing aviation. The survey was distributed to U.S. Army aviators and crewmen at Fort Hood, Texas; Fort Rucker, Alabama; Fort Campbell, Kentucky; and Fort Bragg, North Carolina. The survey identified that guidelines for visor use need to be established. Minor problems with haze, distortion, luminous transmittance, and prismatic deviation were also identified. Other problems include' mechanical difficulties, e.g., visors sticking and coming off track, inadequate custom trimming for IHADSS visors, and ANVIS incompatibility. Data support that dual visor design results in higher percentage of visor use.
ChemInform Abstract: Theoretical and Experimental Studies of the Diels‐Alder Dimerizations of Substituted Cyclopentadienes. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A new class of monopole solutions in five-dimensional general relativityand the role of negative scalar field energy in vacuum solutions (2021)

The Four Corners Section, established in 1997, has a strong commitment to support the work of physics students and to give them opportunities to present their research and to meet physicists in our region. To that end, we offer small, regional meetings of limited expense and activities that can reach more APS members and potential members, including students and industry physicists.
In vitro drug release from liquid crystalline creams; cream structure dependence (2007)

The general aim of this study is to develop skin-compliant liquid crystalline creams for controlled transdermal drug delivery. To achieve this aim, we try to use the colloidal gel structures inside the creams to control the drug release rate. This study deals specifically with the relationship between cream structures and drug release in vitro. Creams have been prepared by mixing Brij96R (polyoxyethylene(10)-oleylether, a nonionic surfactant) and water. Depending on the mixing ratio, they can adopt a lamellar, a viscous isotropic, or a hexagonal gel structure. The model drug benzocaine (ethyl p-aminobenzoate) was solubilized (1%) in the creams without disturbing the gel structures. Because the creams are able to swell quickly upon contact with water, an in vitro drug release model was developed using a water-impermeable membrane (dialysis membrane impregnated with silicone adhesive) to separate the cream from the aqueous acceptor phase (0.1 M HCl). In the lamellar and hexagonal creams the effective diffusion coefficient of benzocaine increases gradually with the water content due to a volume increase of the hydrophilic domains of the creams that form the continuous phase. In the viscous isotropic cream the diffusion of benzocaine is relatively high, most likely because of the low tortuosity of the cream.
Object segmentation by alignment of poselet activations to image contours (2011)

In this paper, we propose techniques to make use of two complementary bottom-up features, image edges and texture patches, to guide top-down object segmentation towards higher precision. We build upon the part-based pose-let detector, which can predict masks for numerous parts of an object. For this purpose we extend poselets to 19 other categories apart from person. We non-rigidly align these part detections to potential object contours in the image, both to increase the precision of the predicted object mask and to sort out false positives. We spatially aggregate object information via a variational smoothing technique while ensuring that object regions do not overlap. Finally, we propose to refine the segmentation based on self-similarity defined on small image patches. We obtain competitive results on the challenging Pascal VOC benchmark. On four classes we achieve the best numbers to-date.
Classification of infectious bursal disease virus into genogroups (2017)

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes infectious bursal disease (IBD), an immunosuppressive disease of poultry. The current classification scheme of IBDV is confusing because it is based on antigenic types (variant and classical) as well as pathotypes. Many of the amino acid changes differentiating these various classifications are found in a hypervariable region of the capsid protein VP2 (hvVP2), the major host protective antigen. Data from this study were used to propose a new classification scheme for IBDV based solely on genogroups identified from phylogenetic analysis of the hvVP2 of strains worldwide. Seven major genogroups were identified, some of which are geographically restricted and others that have global dispersion, such as genogroup 1. Genogroup 2 viruses are predominately distributed in North America, while genogroup 3 viruses are most often identified on other continents. Additionally, we have identified a population of genogroup 3 vvIBDV isolates that have an amino acid change from alanine to threonine at position 222 while maintaining other residues conserved in this genogroup (I242, I256 and I294). A222T is an important mutation because amino acid 222 is located in the first of four surface loops of hvVP2. A similar shift from proline to threonine at 222 is believed to play a role in the significant antigenic change of the genogroup 2 IBDV strains, suggesting that antigenic drift may be occurring in genogroup 3, possibly in response to antigenic pressure from vaccination.
Absolute wave-number measurements in ^130Te_2: reference lines spanning the 4209-4646-nm region (2005)

We have measured the absolute wave numbers of 39 transitions of ^130Te_2 spanning the spectral region of 420.9-464.6 nm to an accuracy of better than 2 parts in 10^9 by use of saturation spectroscopy and Fabry-Pérot interferometry. These measurements provide a set of convenient and accurate transfer standards for laser wavelength calibration spanning the entire Stilbene-420 dye-tuning curve.
Demonstration of Intelligent HVAC Load Management With Deep Reinforcement Learning: Real-World Experience of Machine Learning in Demand Control (2022)

Buildings account for 40&#x0025; of total primary energy consumption and 30&#x0025; of all CO<sub>2</sub> emissions worldwide. A large portion of building energy consumption is due to heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems. In the summer, for example, more than 50&#x0025; of a building&#x2019;s electricity consumption is used for cooling. With proper energy management, buildings can provide load shifting, peak shaving, frequency regulation, and many other demand response services.
CNS Markers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Early Stage Schizophrenia: A Combined Study of CSF and [11C]DPA-713 PET-Based Imaging. (2015)

302 Objectives Our early biochemical studies of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) revealed evidence of both central nervous system (CNS) oxidative stress and inflammation in early stage disease. Complementary results from a recent post-mortem study using [11C]PBR28 demonstrated a 16% increase in specific binding to translocator protein (TSPO), a candidate marker of inflammatory response, in prefrontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia. We sought to test for in vivo tissue markers consistent with a model integrating these two processes in early stage disease using both molecular imaging and CSF analysis in parallel. Methods We quantified regional distribution of TSPO in vivo using [11C]DPA-713 PET-based neuroimaging data of 12 well-characterized patients with recent onset of schizophrenia (within five years of diagnosis) and 14 age-matched healthy controls. All subjects were genotyped for the rs6971 TSPO polymorphism. Regional total distribution volume (VT) measurements were calculated using the Logan method for cortical and subcortical regions from each subject’s 90 min dynamic PET data, and their metabolite-corrected plasma input function. Markers of inflammation and oxidative stress were also assessed from plasma and CSF specimens of these same patients and controls, and correlated with regional [11C]DPA-713 VT. Results We found no significant change in [11C]DPA-713 binding to TSPO between patients with early stage schizophrenia and well-matched controls after controlling for rs6971 genotype. Nevertheless, complementary molecular analysis of both plasma and CSF suggest alterations in immune function and oxidative pathways in these same patients with recent onset of disease. Conclusions Our findings highlight the benefit of using a parallel design of CSF study with PET-based neuroimaging to characterize in vivo molecular changes in early schizophrenia.
Underwater stereo (2004)

Images of underwater scenes suffer from poor contrast. Water-induced contrast decay varies across the scene and is exponential in the depths of scene points, which prevents standard computer vision algorithms from operating properly. In this paper we show how to overcome this problem by adapting an existing model of light propagation in the (foggy) atmosphere to describe the behavior of light in liquid media. By integrating the resulting model within a dense stereo algorithm, we recover disparity maps of scenes immersed in water from pairs of images of these scenes acquired from distinct viewpoints. Experiments performed with real underwater images of various degrees of turbidity show that the use of a physically based light-propagation model allows one to reconstruct underwater scenes more accurately than with standard stereo algorithms alone.
Determining the minimum number of detectable cardiac-transplanted111In-tropolone-labelled bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by SPECT (2005)

In this work, we determined the minimum number of detectable 111In-tropolone-labelled bone-marrow-derived stem cells from the maximum activity per cell which did not affect viability, proliferation and differentiation, and the minimum detectable activity (MDA) of 111In by SPECT. Canine bone marrow mesenchymal cells were isolated, cultured and expanded. A number of samples, each containing 5x10(6) cells, were labelled with 111In-tropolone from 0.1 to 18 MBq, and cell viability was measured afterwards for each sample for 2 weeks. To determine the MDA, the anthropomorphic torso phantom (DataSpectrum Corporation, Hillsborough, NC) was used. A point source of 202 kBq 111In was placed on the surface of the heart compartment, and the phantom and all compartments were then filled with water. Three 111In SPECT scans (duration: 16, 32 and 64 min; parameters: 128x128 matrix with 128 projections over 360 degrees) were acquired every three days until the 111In radioactivity decayed to undetectable quantities. 111In SPECT images were reconstructed using OSEM with and without background, scatter or attenuation corrections. Contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in the reconstructed image was calculated, and MDA was set equal to the 111In activity corresponding to a CNR of 4. The cells had 100% viability when incubated with no more than 0.9 MBq of 111In (80% labelling efficiency), which corresponded to 0.14 Bq per cell. Background correction improved the detection limits for 111In-tropolone-labelled cells. The MDAs for 16, 32 and 64 min scans with background correction were observed to be 1.4 kBq, 700 Bq and 400 Bq, which implies that, in the case where the location of the transplantation is known and fixed, as few as 10,000, 5000 and 2900 cells respectively can be detected.
Process of Progression of Coronary Artery Lesions From Mild or Moderate Stenosis to Moderate or Severe Stenosis (1999)

Two types of stenosis progression provide a new insight into the mechanism of coronary artery disease.
A comparative study of copper-67 radiolabeling and kinetic stabilities of antibody-macrocycle chelate conjugates (1994)

The preparation of 67Cu labeled immunoconjugates of therapeutic quality has been improved by the determination of optimum radiolabeling conditions, and by development of a titration protocol which rapidly and accurately predicts the radiolabeling ratio in mCi per mg immunoconjugate. The surprising difference in the properties of 6-BAT and 2-BAT shows the exquisite dependence of kinetic stability on structure.
Defect inspection technology for a gloss-coated surface using patterned illumination (2013)

In this paper, we discuss the development of an inspection system for a gloss-coated surface using patterned illumination. The convex defect on a gloss-coated surface is caused by top-coating paint on a primary coating with minute particles such as dust remaining. Since the convex defect is transparent, it is difficult to observe it in conventional illumination. Thus, we developed an optical system with patterned illumination and an inspection system using imaging technology with a phase-shifting method given the behavior of specular reflection on a gloss surface. The inspected surface is illuminated with the patterned illumination by shifting the phase of a stripe pattern, and a camera takes multiple images of the specular reflection. By calculating the amplitude of the luminance modulation according to a phase-shifting method, the amplitude image can be obtained from the multiple images. The amplitude image means the distribution of the reflectance. The scratch and dirt as well as small convex defects on a gloss surface can be observed in the amplitude image. This inspection system can make an image of the shape and specular reflectance on a gloss surface and allows inspection of gloss coating, which was difficult in the conventional method.
Der Bamberger Bronzeschildfund (2016)

[nicht verfügbar / not available]
Subjective and Objective Premonitory Symptoms as Epileptic Prodromes (2009)

To investigate the prevalence of epileptic prodromes, 293 subjects with epilepsy, ranging in age from 12 to 72 years, were interviewed. Sixty subjects (20.5%) had generalized epilepsies and 233 (79.5%) had localization-related epilepsies. Twenty-one subjects (7.2%) were found to have experienced prodromes. These prodromes were classified as "subjective" if the subject himself or herself perceived them, or "objective" if the subject's family or friends noted the symptoms while the subject did not. Although it is necessary to differentiate between a prodrome and a simple partial seizure, it is important to recognize the prodrome as an anticipating factor of an epileptic incident.
Eleven years' experience with Carpentier-Edwards biological valves in relation to survival and complications (1989)

The Carpentier-Edwards porcine valve bioprosthesis was implanted in 299 patients (325 prostheses) from April 1976 to April 1982. The series consisted of aortic valve replacement in 150 patients, mitral valve replacement in 120, multiple valve replacement in 26, pulmonary valve replacement in 2 and tricuspid valve replacement in 1 patient. The postoperative follow-up was 100% complete. The total accumulated follow-up was 1956 patient-years. The early mortality was 6.4% (20 patients) and the late mortality was 22% (62 patients). Valve-related mortality was seen in 8 patients (2.7%): 1 paravalvular leak during the 1st 30 postoperative days and 7 late mortalities (1 endocarditis, 2 paravalvular leaks and 4 deaths during reoperation). Three operative deaths (1.5%) occurred. The overall patient survival including operative deaths was 78.5% +/- 5% at 5 years and 66% +/- 4% at 10 years. The incidence of the different complications were: thromboembolism in 5 patients (1.7%) with a risk of 0.3%, haemorrhage in 1 (0.3%) with a risk of 0.05%, endocarditis in 2 (0.7%) with a risk of 0.1%, and paravalvular leak in 11 patients (3.7%) with a risk of 0.6%. There was a high incidence of tissue failure during the last 6 years which occurred in 54 patients (18%) with a risk of 2.7%. Sixty-seven patients (22.5%) were reoperated upon during the 11 years with an annual risk of 3.4% and the main cause of reoperation was primary tissue failure. The Carpentier-Edwards biological valve was shown to be efficient during the first 5 years of implantation after which the incidence of tissue failure increased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A mechanical analyzer for the prediction of earthquake stresses* (1941)

Abstract The earthquake stresses in a structure are generally greater than those which would be produced by a constant acceleration equal to the maximum value reached during the earthquake; there is an amplification due to resonance. This effect depends on the period of the structure and is measured by a function of the period, designated here as the spectrum of the earthquake. A mechanical analyzer is described by which the spectrum curves for several strong-motion earthquakes have been plotted. It is shown how the spectrum can be used for the evaluation of earthquake stresses in complicated structures, and the particular example is treated of a multistory building with an elastic first story.
High gain solid-state modules for picosecond pulses amplification (2010)

We present both numerical models and experimental results of ultra-short pulses solid-state laser grazing-incidence amplifier modules for generation of intense picosecond pulses, in various regimes from single shot to repetition rates of GHz.
Polyphosphate drilling-mud thinners deserve second look. (1983)

In this work, the authors show that the sodium polyphosphates (SAPP, SHMP, STPP, TSPP) are a family of drilling mud thinners that are cost effective and suitable for use in various types of freshwater muds at temperatures of up to 280 degrees F., and that the choice of the best polyphosphate thinner to use will depend on mud composition and drilling conditions. The purpose in this study is not to portray polyphosphates as all-purpose mud thinners, nor as universal replacements for other thinner chemicals whose utility has already been well established. Rather, the objective is to demonstrate those circumstances under which polyphosphates may be effective, attractive, and economical choices for drilling mud thinning applications. This is part of a research effort devoted to technically supporting known uses and discovering new uses for phosphates in oil-field fluids in general, as well as in other applications in the oil and gas recovery industry.
Kallikrein markers performance in pretreatment blood to predict early prostate cancer recurrence and metastasis after radical prostatectomy among very high‐risk men (2019)

Conventional risk prediction tools were poor discriminators for risk of adverse outcomes after RP (Kattan risk and GPSM risk) in patients with very high-risk disease. Further studies are needed to define the role of individual kallikrein marker forms in the blood to predict adverse prostate cancer outcomes after RP in this high-risk setting.
Application of Electron Beam to Surimi Seafood (2004)

Color, texture, microbial inactivation, and protein-protein interactions of surimi seafood subjected to electron beam (e-beam) were investigated. Color whitening and stronger gel of surimi seafood was measured. The D10 value for Staphylococcus aureus was 0.34 kGy. Modeling of microbial inactivation demonstrated that two-sided e-beam may control S. aureus if the surimi seafood package is thinner than 82 mm. SDS-PAGE showed gradual degradation of myosin heavy chain (MHC) as e-beam dose increased. Degradation rate was slower when frozen samples were treated. The integrity of actin (AC) was slightly affected by e-beam.