gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Total Synthesis of α‐Linked Rha–Rha–Gal Undecaprenyl Diphosphate Found in Geobacillus stearothermophilus (2011)

Abstract A (2+1) glycosylation approach was employed to construct the core structure of a trisaccharide found in the soil bacterium Geobacillus stearothermophilus . The phospholipid was assembled by the reaction of a peracetylated trisaccharide bearing an anomeric hydroxy group with phosphoramidite and subsequent oxidation to the phosphate. The final coupling step with undecaprenyl monophosphate followed by global acetate deprotection completed the total synthesis of the highly amphiphilic target molecule.
394 (2012)

Introduction: We studied the effectiveness of a standardized protocol for emergent warfarin reversal in intracranial hemorrhage using prothrombin complex concentrate (Profilnine SD®). Hypothesis: We hypothesized that Profilnine SD® would shorten time to achieve INR less than or equal to 1.4, limit hemorrhage growth and improve outcome at hospital discharge. Methods: Sixty three patients with INR greater than or equal to 1.2 from 2009-2011 (38 on protocol after 2010) were included in this retrospective analysis. Pre-protocol patients received Vitamin K and plasma; post-protocol patients with INR 1.6 – 4 and > 4 received in addition, 25 and 35-50 units/kg of Profilnine SD® respectively. Hemorrhage volumes were measured on consecutive CT scans using MIPAV semi-automated software. Modified Rankin Score (mRs) was calculated at hospital discharge. Results: Twenty three post protocol patients (61%) received Profilnine SD® (median dose 28 units, IQR 25-46). They had similar baseline median INR’s (2.7 Vs 2.3) and a trend towards larger baseline hemorrhage volumes (9.9 Vs 1.6 cc) compared to other post-protocol patients. Despite faster times to INR reversal in Profilnine SD® patients, (7 Vs 16 hrs, p = 0.008), absolute hemorrhage growth (1.6 Vs 3.1 cc) and median mRs at discharge (3 Vs 3) were similar. However, post-protocol patients had significantly lower hemorrhage growth (absolute: 1 Vs 6.3 cc, p=0.01 and relative: 29% Vs 95% p=0.02) and a higher proportion (66 Vs 52%) achieved good neurological outcome (mRs 0-3). Thirteen of 15 eligible post-protocol patients did not get Profilnine SD®. There were no thrombotic complications related to use of Profilnine SD®. Conclusions: Profilnine SD® significantly shortened time to INR reversal. We could not demonstrate improvement in terms of hemorrhage growth or neurological outcome from Profilnine SD® administration, probably due to small number of patients and imperfect protocol compliance. Despite these limitations, implementation of an emergency warfarin reversal protocol did result in less hemorrhage expansion and better outcomes at hospital discharge.
Development of a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry assay for the quantification of PM00104, a novel antineoplastic agent, in mouse, rat, dog, and human plasma (2005)

A rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) assay was developed and validated to quantify a novel antineoplastic agent, PM00104, in mouse, rat, dog, and human plasma. The method was validated to demonstrate the specificity, limit of quantification (LOQ), accuracy, and precision of measurements. The calibration range for PM00104 was established using PM00104 standards from 0.01-5.0 ng/mL in blank plasma. The selected reaction monitoring (SRM), based on the m/z 692.2 --> 218.2 transition, was specific for PM00104, and that based on the m/z 697.2 --> 218.2 transition was specific for PM00104 ((13)C(2),(2)H(3)) (the internal standard, IS); no endogenous materials interfered with the analysis of PM00104 and IS from blank plasma. The assay was linear over the concentration range 0.01-5.0 ng/mL. The correlation coefficients for the calibration curves ranged from 0.9981-0.9999. The mean intra-day and inter-day accuracies for all calibration standards (n = 8) ranged from 97-105% (< or =5% bias) in human plasma, and the mean inter-day precision for all calibration standards was less than 8.5%. The mean intra- and inter-day assay accuracy for all quality control (QC) replicates in human plasma (n = 9), determined at each QC level throughout the validated runs, ranged from 96-112% (< or =12% bias) and from 102-105% (< or =5% bias), respectively. The mean intra- and inter-day assay precision was less than 15.0 and 11.8% for all QC levels, respectively. For the QC samples prepared in animal species plasma, the %CV values of the assays ranged from 1.8-8.8% in mouse plasma, from 3.7-13.8% in rat plasma, and from 3.0-7.2% in dog plasma. The assay accuracies ranged from 92-102% (< or =8% bias) for all QC levels prepared in mouse plasma; ranged from 93-106% (< or =7% bias) in rat plasma; and ranged from 95-114% (< or =14% bias) in dog plasma. The assay has been used to support preclinical pharmacokinetic and toxicokinetic studies and is currently used to measure PM00104 plasma concentrations to support clinical trials.
Supplementary Figure Legends and Tables 1-2 from Cytogenetic Instability in Ovarian Epithelial Cells from Women at Risk of Ovarian Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legends and Tables 1-2 from Cytogenetic Instability in Ovarian Epithelial Cells from Women at Risk of Ovarian Cancer
Erianin inhibits high glucose-induced retinal angiogenesis via blocking ERK1/2-regulated HIF-1α-VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway (2016)

Abstract Erianin is a natural compound found in Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious and common microvascular complication of diabetes. This study aims to investigate the inhibitory mechanism of erianin on retinal neoangiogenesis and its contribution to the amelioration of DR. Erianin blocked high glucose (HG)-induced tube formation and migration in choroid-retinal endothelial RF/6A cells. Erianin inhibited HG-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) translocation into nucleus and ERK1/2 activation in RF/6A and microglia BV-2 cells. MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126 blocked HG-induced HIF-1α and ERK1/2 activation in both above two cells. In addition, erianin abrogated VEGF-induced angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo and also inhibited VEGF-induced activation of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and its downstream cRaf-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways in RF/6A cells. Furthermore, erianin reduced the increased retinal vessels, VEGF expression and microglia activation in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemic and oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that erianin inhibits retinal neoangiogenesis by abrogating HG-induced VEGF expression by blocking ERK1/2-mediated HIF-1α activation in retinal endothelial and microglial cells and further suppressing VEGF-induced activation of VEGFR2 and its downstream signals in retinal endothelial cells.
Hyperostotic and destructive osteoarthritis in a patient with vitamin A intoxication syndrome: a case report. (1996)

The authors present a case report of a 59-year-old female suffering from hyperlipidemia who developed chronic vitamin A intoxication syndrome after ingestion of 30,000 IU retinol/daily over a period of six years. The patient's main complaints included severe headaches, morning nausea, myalgias and disability around the hip, knee, and ankle joints. Radiologically, hyperostosis of the acetabular circumference and the spine was demonstrated. Because of rapidly increasing pain, total hip replacement was performed. Histology of cross sections from the femoral head revealed destructive osteoarthritis. Since no other causative reason was found, retinol may not only be responsible for hyperostotic bone and soft tissue formations but may perhaps also account for rapid progressing of degenerative joint disease. Despite the cessation of vitamin A intake the clinical symptoms persisted due to hyperlipidemia. The enlarged number of chylomicrons and the higher fraction of very low density lipoproteins may represent a second retinyl ester pool in case of overloaded fat storing Ito-cells in the liver. Therefore, rheumatological treatment reducing risk factors such as hyperlipidemia is mandatory.
Strigolactone Analogs: Two New Potential Bioactiphores for Glioblastoma (2022)

Strigolactones (SLs), carotenoid-derived phytohormones, control the plant response and signaling pathways for stressful conditions. In addition, they impact numerous cellular processes in mammalians and present new scaffolds for various biomedical applications. Recent studies demonstrated that SLs possess potent antitumor activity against several cancer cells. Herein, we sought to elucidate the inhibitory effects of SL analogs on the growth and survival of human brain tumor cell lines. Among four tested SLs, we showed for the first time that two lead bioactiphores, indanone-derived SL and EGO10, can inhibit cancer cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and induce G1 cell cycle arrest at low concentrations. SL analogs were marked by increased expression of Bax/Caspase-3 genes and downregulation of Bcl-2. In silico studies were conducted to identify drug-likeness, blood-brain barrier penetrating properties, and molecular docking with Bcl-2 protein. Taken together, this study indicates that SLs may be promising antiglioma agents, presenting novel pharmacophores for further preclinical and clinical assessment.
Molecularly Targeted Therapy for Mendelian Disorders (2014)

Abstract The era of genomic medicine brings many new opportunities for treatment of genetic diseases where few existed previously. In Mendelian disorders the essentially causal relationship between mutation and disease provides the rationale for very specific therapies targeted to pathology at the DNA, RNA or protein level. The development of such therapies for rare Mendelian disorders often requires novel approaches in terms of biology, trial design and regulatory requirements and the emerging field of molecularly targeted therapy for these disorders has been characterised by setbacks and disappointments as well as stunning successes. Examples include exon skipping for X-linked Duchenne/ Becker muscular dustrophy; mTOR inhibitors for angioleiomyomas in tuberous sclerosis complex, enzyme replacement for metabolic storage disorders like Fabry, Gaucher and Pompe and new developments for Huntington’s disease.
Protecting Nurse Whistleblowers (1999)

Bich-Quyen Nguyen is staff counsel at the American Nurses Association. For information on your state laws regarding whistleblower protections, contact your state nurses association or your state board of nursing. For information on federal legislation, go to <http://www.nursingworld.org>.
Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (2007)

Abstract Background : Many randomized controlled trials of the pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have been undertaken. Several meta-analyses of these trials, and a number of expert consensus guidelines, have been published. This article summarizes these works, and suggests future research directions. Methods : Meta-analyses of OCD were assessed with the QUORUM statement and the Oxman and Guyatt rating scale, and consensus guidelines on the treatment of OCD were assessed with the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation (AGREE) instrument. Current principles in the treatment of OCD, and gaps in our knowledge, were reviewed. Results : Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and cognitive-behavioral therapy are currently viewed as the first-line treatments of choice for adult and pediatric OCD.There is also good evidence for the efficacy of atypical antipsychotics in the augmentation of patients refractory to SSRIs. Important questions remain for the field. Conclusions : There have been significant advances in both the pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy of OCD. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of longer-term trials, data on symptom remission and functional improvement, and data on treatment effectiveness in wider clinical practice. It is hoped that improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying OCD will lead to future advances.
A procedure for multiple-pulse maximum permissible exposure determination under the Z136.1-2000 American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers (2001)

The current national consensus standard for laser safety in the United States is the American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers (ANSI Z136.1). Over the past few years, a comprehensive rewrite of this standard has been conducted. The updated version of the standard (Z136.1-2000) incorporates a wealth of new bioeffects data and establishes a number of new maximum permissible exposure (MPE) limits for laser safety. The updated standard also includes new procedures for the computation of MPE values, which must be understood by health physicists, laser safety officers, and others in the field of occupational safety. Here we present the first in a series of tutorial articles to clarify laser safety analysis procedures under this new standard. This article deals with the proper application of three rules for determining the appropriate MPE values for repetitively pulsed lasers or repeated exposures from laser beams.
The new Nucleus 5 model cochlear implant: a new surgical technique and early clinical results (2012)

The new design can safely be inserted without drilling a well for the receiver-stimulator package. Some early post-operative movement of the package was observed which caused no clinical impact. This modified surgical technique reduces the risk of intracranial complications and reduces operating time.
Case of H syndrome with massive skin involvement, retroperitoneal fibrosis and Raynaud's phenomenon with a novel mutation in the SLC29A3 gene (2015)

We describe a case of H syndrome with massive skin involvement, retroperitoneal fibrosis and Raynaud's phenomenon. A 48-year-old man with parents of a consanguineous marriage, first appeared with decreased urine output, skin sclerosis on his inner thighs and short stature (142 cm, 47 kg). The patient had suffered from hearing loss since the age of 1 year, and his secondary sexual characteristics had not developed. Computed tomography showed periaortic fibrosis, bilateral ureteral stenosis, hydronephrosis and sclerosis of the germinal cords. A biopsy from the retroperitoneal mass revealed remarkable fibrosis with chronic inflammatory cells. Biopsies from the skin lesion showed thick collagen bundles through the dermis and lymphohistiocytic infiltration with numerous plasma cells. Serum inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein, vascular endothelial factor, transforming growth factor-β and soluble interleukin-2 receptor, were elevated. Prednisolone was effective in treating skin lesions and in lowering serum inflammatory markers. After a long period of follow up, genomic DNA of the patient was obtained, and we identified a homozygous mutation in exon 5, c.625G>A, which caused transition of glycine to arginine, p.Gly208Arg, in the patient, but not in DNA samples from another 50 healthy individuals. This is the first case of H syndrome with Raynaud's phenomenon and retroperitoneal fibrosis, and the first Japanese case of H syndrome reported in the English published work with a novel mutation in the SLC29A3 gene.
An empirical study of conservative scheduling (2000)

It is well known that the critical path provides an absolute lower bound on the execution time of a conservative parallel discrete event simulation. It stands to reason that optimal execution time can only be achieved by immediately executing each event on the critical path. However, dynamically identifying the critical event is difficult, if not impossible. In this paper, we examine several heuristics that might help to determine the critical event, and conduct a performance study to determine the effectiveness of using these heuristics for preferential scheduling.
Technology enhanced learning and augmented reality : an application on multimedia interactive books (2009)

Multimedia Interactive Book (miBook) reflects the development of a new concept of virtual interpretation of traditional text books and audio-visual content. By encompassing new technological approaches, using augmented reality technology, allows the final user to experience a variety of sensorial stimuli while enjoying and interacting with the content; therefore enhancing the learning process. miBook stands for a global educational intention to enable people not only to access but also to appropriate intellectually valuable contents coming from different linguistic and cultural contexts.
Advanced vaginal opening and precocious activation of the reproductive axis by KiSS‐1 peptide, the endogenous ligand of GPR54 (2004)

The awakening of the gonadotrophic axis at puberty is the end-point of a complex cascade of sex developmental events that leads to the attainment of reproductive capacity. Recently, loss-of-function mutations of the gene encoding GPR54, the putative receptor for the KiSS-1-derived peptide metastin, have been linked to hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism, both in rodents and humans. However, the actual role of the KiSS-1/GPR54 system in the timing of puberty onset remains unexplored. We report herein that chronic central administration of KiSS-1 peptide to immature female rats induced the precocious activation of the gonadotrophic axis, as estimated by advanced vaginal opening, elevated uterus weight, and increased serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and oestrogen. The central effect of KiSS-1 upon LH release appeared to be mediated via the hypothalamic LH-releasing hormone. In contrast, despite the well-documented permissive role of body fat stores and the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin in puberty maturation, acute activation of the gonadotrophic axis by KiSS-1 was persistently observed in pubertal animals under food deprivation, after central immunoneutralization of leptin, and in a model of leptin resistance. Overall, the present results, together with our recent data on maximum expression of KiSS-1 and GPR54 genes in the hypothalamus at puberty, provide novel evidence for a role of the KiSS-1 system as a downstream element in the hypothalamic network triggering the onset of puberty.
Quantum thermodynamics in a multipartite setting: A resource theory of local Gaussian work extraction for multimode bosonic systems (2019)

Quantum thermodynamics can be cast as a resource theory by considering free access to a heat bath, thereby viewing the Gibbs state at a fixed temperature as a free state and hence any other state as a resource. Here, we consider a multipartite scenario where several parties attempt at extracting work locally, each having access to a local heat bath (possibly with a different temperature), assisted with an energy-preserving global unitary. As a specific model, we analyze a collection of harmonic oscillators or a multimode bosonic system. Focusing on the Gaussian paradigm, we construct a reasonable resource theory of local activity for a multimode bosonic system, where we identify as free any state that is obtained from a product of thermal states (possibly at different temperatures) acted upon by any linear-optics (passive Gaussian) transformation. The associated free operations are then all linear-optics transformations supplemented with tensoring and partial tracing. We show that the local Gaussian extractable work (if each party applies a Gaussian unitary, assisted with linear optics) is zero if and only if the covariance matrix of the system is that of a free state. Further, we develop a resource theory of local Gaussian extractable work, defined as the difference between the trace and symplectic trace of the covariance matrix of the system. We prove that it is a resource monotone that cannot increase under free operations. We also provide examples illustrating the distillation of local activity and local Gaussian extractable work.
Dual emissive dinuclear Pt(ii) complexes and application to singlet oxygen generation (2021)

Dual emissive dinuclear Pt(<sc>ii</sc>) complexes showing green fluorescence and infrared phosphorescence stemming from a single chromophoric moiety are reported. The compounds are efficient O<sub>2</sub> photosensitizers with <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> generation efficiencies of up to 77%.
ChemInform Abstract: VITISPIRANES, IMPORTANT CONSTITUENTS OF VANILLA AROMA (1978)

Abstract cis‐Vitispiran (V) wird aus cis‐Theaspiran (Ia) ‐ das durch Destillation vom Isomeren (Ib) getrennt wird ‐ über die Intermediären (III) und (IV) dargestellt.
Survey on reconfigurable intelligent surfaces below 10 GHz (2021)

Abstract Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a programmable structure that can be used to control the propagation of electromagnetic waves by changing the electric and magnetic properties of the surface. By placing these surfaces in an environment, the properties of radio channels can be controlled. This opens up new opportunities to improve the performance of wireless systems. In this paper, the basic operation of antenna array and metasurface based RIS is described. While the current long term (6G) research on RIS often prioritizes very high frequencies from tens to hundreds of GHz, this paper puts emphasis rather on operating frequencies below 10 GHz which promise a much faster to market track for RIS applications. For this purpose, review of the literature on the use of RIS in wireless communication applications operating below 10 GHz frequency band is provided.
Distribution of charge in electrets (1975)

Measurements are reported of the total charge and its mean position in liquid-charged FEP electrets. A new nondestructive technique has been used. The large difference in decay rates of positive and negative liquid-charged electrets is accompanied by quite different behavior of the deposited charge as it migrates through the electret. The total volume charge density present in untreated FEP has been measured: it typically amounts to 0.1–0.6 C m−3 for 25-μ-thick material.
Theoretical Analysis of the X-Ray Intensity Response of the Ionization Detector Used in the CT System (1980)

The intensity response of the ionization chamber as the X-ray detector of the CT-system is theoretically analyzed. Basic equations are derived from charged particles. Using numerical results of these equations, appropriate E/P values, the errors caused by impurities in xenon gas, and the relations between the sensitivity and the electrode separation are discussed.
Fault Detection and Correction Using Observation Domain Optimization for GNSS Applications (2022)

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is ubiquitously used and integrated into a variety of applications that require accurate and reliable positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT). The rapid growth in research and development into autonomous and semi-autonomous land and aerial vehicle platforms in recent years has redefined industry standards for accurate and reliable PNT. To ensure the integrity of a PNT solution, effective fault detection and exclusion/correction (FDE/C) is needed. Least-squares residuals (LSR) and solution separation (SS) are two well-known receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) methods. LSR is computationally efficient but is not applicable, nor is theoretically correct, in scenarios where multiple faulty observations are present. While SS is effective for detecting and isolating multiple faulty observations at a time, it has high computational complexity, hence not suitable for most real-time applications. Other existing fault classifier methods lack the industry required performance due to either data generalization and/or high computational complexity. A novel scalable multi-fault detection and correction method is presented here. As demonstrated by our analysis and test results based on both simulated and real data, the proposed method outperforms LSR providing a more accurate PNT solution and is 80% more computationally efficient than SS under nominal multi-constellation scenarios with 30 or more satellites used in the position estimation.