gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ONO-8130, a selective prostanoid EP1 receptor antagonist, relieves bladder pain in mice with cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis (2011)

Given the previous evidence for involvement of prostanoid EP1 receptors in facilitation of the bladder afferent nerve activity and micturition reflex, the present study investigated the effect of ONO-8130, a selective EP1 receptor antagonist, on cystitis-related bladder pain in mice. Cystitis in mice was produced by intraperitoneal administration of cyclophosphamide at 300mg/kg. Bladder pain-like nociceptive behavior and referred hyperalgesia were assessed in conscious mice. Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in the L6 spinal cord was determined by immunohistochemistry in anesthetized mice. Cyclophosphamide treatment caused bladder pain-like nociceptive behavior and referred hyperalgesia accompanying cystitis symptoms, including increased bladder weight and vascular permeability and upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 in the bladder tissue. Oral preadministration of ONO-8130 at 0.3-30 mg/kg strongly prevented both the bladder pain-like behavior and referred hyperalgesia in a dose-dependent manner, but had slight effect on the increased bladder weight and vascular permeability. Oral ONO-8130 at 30 mg/kg also reversed the established cystitis-related bladder pain. Intravesical administration of prostaglandin E2 caused prompt phosphorylation of ERK in the L6 spinal cord, an effect blocked by ONO-8130. Our findings strongly suggest that the prostaglandin E2/EP1 system participates in processing of cystitis-related bladder pain, and that EP1 antagonists including ONO-8130 are useful for treatment of bladder pain, particularly in interstitial cystitis. Prostaglandin E2 contributes to cystitis-related bladder pain via EP1 receptors in mice, indicating possible therapeutic usefulness of selective EP1 antagonists.
Betamethasone: a novel therapeutic intervention for preeclampsia (2018)

The early pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE) involves a systemic inflammatory immune response. Recent data demonstrate that increased circulating arginine vasopressin (AVP) in humans is predictive of PE and that infusion of AVP in mouse dams phenocopies the pregnancy-specific cardiovascular and immune alterations observed in human PE. Specifically, AVP suppresses anti-inflammatory cytokines and cells. Betamethasone (BMTZ), commonly given to women at risk for preterm birth, is both an AVP and immune response modulator. We hypothesize that early treatment with BMTZ will prevent the development of AVP-induced PE.
Effects of Tyrosinase Activity on the Cytotoxicity of 3,4‐Dihydroxybenzylamine and Buthionine Sulfoximine in Human Melanoma Cells (1990)

The rationale for melanoma specific dihydroxybenzene containing antitumor agents is based in part upon the ability of the enzyme tyrosinase to oxidize these pro drugs to toxic intermediates. In situ tyrosinase activity was demonstrated to be affected by both cell density and time from plating in pigmented melanoma cells. Phenylthiourea, which completely inhibited tyrosinase activity with minimal cytotoxicity was found to block the growth inhibitory activity of the antitumor dopamine analog 3,4-dihydroxybenzylamine (3,4-DHBA) (NSC 263475). The antioxidant dithioerythritol was also found to inhibit tyrosinase activity and to block the growth inhibitory effects of 3,4-DHBA in pigmented melanoma cell lines. Buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) was shown to be cytotoxic to melanoma cells and its growth inhibitory effects appears to correlate with tyrosinase levels. Furthermore, BSO was shown to potentiate the growth inhibitory effects of 3,4-DHBA on marginally pigmented human melanoma cell lines.
High‐performance UV detector based on AlGaN/GaN junction heterostructure‐field‐effect transistor with a p‐GaN gate (2009)

Abstract A UV photodetector based on an Al x Ga 1‐x N/GaN junction hetero‐field‐effect transistor (JHFET) with a p‐GaN gate was fabricated. The dark current density was as low as 10 nA/mm at a drain‐source bias of 5 V. When the JHFET was irradiated with 356 nm (∼400 μW/cm 2 ) UV light, a photocurrent, of over 1 mA/mm with calculated responsivity of over 1 × 10 5 A/W was realized. Also, this device reacted to a flame. The responsivity is observed at a 4th‐order‐magnitude cutoff wavelength of approximately 370 nm, which correspond to the band edge of GaN. The decay and buildup response times are approximately 2.5 and 1.9 ms, respectively. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Photoinitiator Activity, Electrochemistry, and Spectroscopy of Cationic Organometallic Compounds (1993)

Of particular interest as photoinitiators of cationic polymenzation are the (η5-cyclopentadienyl)(η6-arene)iron(+) compounds. In an effort to produce compounds with longer wavelength sensitivity, we prepared a series of (η6-fluorenyl)(η5-cyclopentadienyl)iron(+) compounds along with the corresponding free fluorenyl ligands. The iron complexes of these ligands have transitions that are much more intense than the parent simple arene derivatives and electrochemistry more characteristic of the free ligand A comparison of the electrochemical and spectroscopic data for metal complex and free ligand showed that the electronic transitions in the metal complex are intraligand in origin, yet still give rise to metal-centered photochemistry. The metal complexes of the fluorenyl ligands provide a route to easily prepare variable-wavelength photoinitiators.
The effect of the edge current density on confinement and kink mode stability in H-mode and VH-mode discharges (1994)

The effect of the local current density in the outer portion of a tokamak discharge [J({rho} {approximately} a)] is discussed in three situations. In a H-mode discharge, a strong reduction of J({rho} {approximately} a) results in the loss of the H-mode pressure pedestal. A smaller reduction in J({rho} {approximately} a) can prevent the transition from H-mode to VH-mode. Finally, a sufficiently large value of J({rho} {approximately} a) accompanied by a sufficiently large value of the pressure gradient in the same region of the discharge, can destabilize low-n (e.g., n = 1 to 5) kink-type modes in a VH-mode discharge. Conference Information: European conference on controlled fusion and plasma physics, Montpellier (France), 26 Jun - 1 Jul 1994
New tumoricidal semisynthetic ether phospholipid, plasmanyl-(N-acyl)ethanolamine (PNAE(s)) and enhancement of its tumoricidal activity by calcium ions. (1993)

Recently we described a novel, nontoxic, natural ether phospholipid with selective antitumor activity, 1-0-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(N-acyl)ethanolamine, i.e., plasmanyl-(N-acyl)ethanolamine (PNAE), isolated from ischemic tissue of chick embryo. The chemical structure of PNAE has been confirmed by partial synthesis. The semisynthetic preparation PNAE(s), 1-0-octadecyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(N-palmitoyl)ethanolamine, exhibited tumoricidal activity against human tumor cells T24 and mouse sarcoma cells Mcll as well as in vivo against murine sarcomas S-180 and Mcll. PNAE(s) selectively destroyed tumor cell membranes as has been demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy. The antitumor activity of PNAE(s) in vitro and in vivo was significantly enhanced by Ca2+ ions. These results may be explained by selective damage of tumor cell membranes by PNAE(s), increasing also the tumor cell membrane permeability for exogenous Ca2+ ions and altering the intracellular calcium homeostasis in tumor cells. By increased concentration of Ca2+ in tumor cell cytosol selective damage and lysis of tumor cells was induced. The combined use of parenteral administration of PNAE(s) and peroral doses of calcium gluconate may provide a new approach to enhancement of antitumor activity of PNAE(s) by Ca2+ in a very selective and nontoxic antitumor therapy.
Use of a Variable Amplicon Typing Scheme Reveals Considerable Variation in the Accessory Genomes of Isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei (2006)

Melioidosis, a disease caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, is endemic in southeast Asia and northern Australia. We used suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) to identify sequences that varied between two B. pseudomallei isolates from Australia and determined the distribution of 45 SSH-derived sequences among a panel of B. pseudomallei and B. thailandensis isolates. Sequences exhibiting variable prevalence were included in a variable amplicon typing (VAT) scheme designed to score the presence or absence of 14 PCR amplicons. VAT analysis was carried out with 48 isolates from Thailand, which were typed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and 44 isolates from Australia of known MLST type. The VAT scheme could be used to divide the 48 isolates from Thailand into 23 VAT types and the 44 isolates from Australia into 36 VAT types. Some of the sequences included in the VAT scheme were more commonly PCR positive among isolates from Australia than among isolates from Thailand, and vice versa. No isolate from Australia was PCR positive for genomic island 11 or a putative transposase sequence, whereas four SSH-derived sequences were far more prevalent among the Australian isolates. Analysis based on the VAT scheme indicated that the isolates clustered into groups, some of which were mainly or exclusively from one geographical origin. One cluster included Australian isolates that were mostly associated with severe disease, including rare neurological melioidosis, suggesting that the content of the accessory genome may play an important role in determining the clinical manifestation of the disease.
Tiny (0.72 mm<sup>2</sup>) pressure sensor integrating MEMS and CMOS LSI with back-end-of-line MEMS platform (2009)

A back-end-of-line (BEOL) MEMS platform for a compact, high-precision pressure sensor was developed. A CMOS-LSI-integrated MEMS pressure-sensor chip (with a size of 0.72 mm2) was fabricated on the platform. The sensor provides both high accuracy and accommodates miniaturization. Its sensitivity offers design flexibility simply by changing the size of its MEMS capacitors. The pressure sensor is thus suitable for various pressure-range applications.
<title>Two-color parametric down conversion</title> (2005)

We propose a point to point quantum channel based on a two-color Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion (SPDC), that may be applied for a Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) system to gain better security. We use one arm of the SPDC (770 nm - optimal for Si detection) and a Si counter at Alice's side to count the exact number of photons in each pulse. Whenever the arm contains exactly one photon, the correlated photon (1550nm - optimal for fiber transmission) in the other arm is sent via a fiber to Bob. In the experiment we used an Ar^{+} laser of 514.5nm wavelength and a BBO crystal to produce type-I photon pairs. We measured the spectrum of the SPDC and resolved specifically the 770 nm wavelength. The rate of correlated pairs (at 890-1050 nm) from our SPDC source was compared to a non-correlated source. We further developed an InGaAs single photon detector based on Geiger mode APD and achieved 10% quantum efficiency and 5 * 10^{-3} dark counts per 20nsec pulse at a temperature of -35 degrees Celsius.
Predicción y solución de dificultades que un alumno de habla inglesa puede tener al aprender fonética española (2010)

Memoria de master (Universidad Antonio de Nebrija, 2000). Resumen basado en el de la publicacion
Does chemical shift imaging offer a biomarker for the diagnosis and assessment of disease severity in multiple myeloma? (2021)

To investigate whether chemical shift imaging (CSI) is useful for differentiating myelomatous infiltration from hematopoietic bone marrow (BM) and for quantitatively assessing disease severity.In this retrospective study, spinal MRI, including a sagittal iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation T2 fast spin-echo sequence, was performed on 76 myeloma patients (45 men, 67.0 ± 11.4 years; 31 women, 66.5 ± 11.0 years) and 30 control subjects (20 men, 67.0 ± 8.4 years; 10 women, 67.0 ± 9.2 years). The fat-signal fraction (FF) and mean signal dropout ratio (DR) were calculated from lumbar BM that contained no focal lesions. The BM plasma cell percentage (BMPC%) and serological data were obtained. As DR is highest when FF = 50%, the patients were divided into 2 groups: a water-dominant group (FF < 50%) and a fat-dominant group (FF > 50%).Serum monoclonal protein (M protein), β2-microglobulin, and BMPC% were significantly higher in the water-dominant group than in the fat-dominant group. In the water-dominant group, DR correlated significantly with BMPC% and M protein, whereas in the control group, DR showed a weak correlation with age but no correlation with other clinical factors. No significant differences in any clinical data were seen between high and low DR.CSI proved ineffective for differentiating myelomatous infiltration from hematopoietic BM. For myeloma patients with relatively high BM cellularity, a small signal drop on opposed-phase images indicated a higher tumor burden. For BM with relatively low cellularity, disease severity was not reflected by CSI.
Compact Analytical Description of Digital Radio-Frequency Pulse-Width Modulated Signals (2018)

Radio frequency pulse-width modulation (RF-PWM) has been used as a power coding method in all-digital transmitters, which employ highly efficient switched-mode power amplifiers (SMPA). The main drawback of RF-PWM is the high level of in-band harmonic distortion when digitally implemented. In order to reduce spectral aliasing effects and produce acceptable levels of harmonic noise, ultra-fast clock speeds are required, making it commercially infeasible. In this paper, we derive a novel compact analytical model of a multilevel digital RF-PWM, driven by an arbitrary bounded baseband signal. We show that the spectral aliasing effects are equivalent to a particular amplitude quantization of the input baseband signal. This result implies that highly linear digital RF-PWM can be realized with modest clock speeds if and only if the input baseband signal is pre-quantized according to the inherent quantization process. We provide full description of this quantization process and describe its dependence on RF-PWM design parameters. Presented results enable a complete understanding of the nonlinear behavior of digitally implemented RF-PWM, and therefore can aid in optimal transceiver design. Numerical simulations in MATLAB were used to verify the derived analytical expressions.
The pig as a model for myocardial ischemia and exercise. (1986)

The pig has been well characterized as an appropriate model for the study of coronary physiology, the coronary collateral circulation and exercise physiology. We compared both Yucatan miniature swine and young farm pigs in experiments involving myocardial ischemia, infarction and exercise. The Yucatan pig was vigorous, docile and proved to be an appropriate model of coronary physiology and exercise in man. The exercise capacity of the Yucatan pig was greater than that of the similar weight Hampshire pig, apparently because of the higher hematocrit and larger heart size. Both breeds were able to increase their maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) by approximately 25% after 10 weeks of training. Experiments measuring maximal coronary capacity suggest that the vascular capacity was similar to that of man, but less than that of the dog. Acute occlusion of the coronary artery in pigs infarcted most of the tissue of the vascular bed at risk. The collateral circulation of the pig is less than one fourth that of the dog and is similar to that of man. Slow occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery produces an ischemic vascular bed which is collaterally dependent with only 5% infarction. Collateral flow is sufficient to meet resting conditions, but during exercise, severe ischemia is unmasked. This ischemia is present for up to 16 weeks following occlusion. The observation of limited infarction in conjunction with limited collateral vessel development suggests that this is a good model for investigating the growth and development of coronary collateral circulation in man.
A Review of Mixed Strain Clostridium difficile Colonization and Infection (2019)

Given that <i>Clostridium difficile</i> is not part of the normal human microbiota, if multiple strains are to accumulate in the colon implies successive exposure events and/or persistent colonization must occur. Evidence of <i>C. difficile</i> infection (CDI) with more than one strain was first described in 1983. Despite the availability of increasingly discriminatory bacterial fingerprinting methods, the described rate of dual strain recovery in patients with CDI has remained stable at ∼5-10%. More data are needed to determine when dual strain infection may be harmful. Notably, one strain may block the establishment of and infection by another. In humans, patients colonized by non-toxigenic <i>C. difficile</i> strain are at a lower risk of developing CDI. Further studies to elucidate the interaction between co-infecting or colonizing and infecting <i>C. difficile</i> strains may help identify potential exploitable mechanisms to prevent CDI.
Single cell organization and cell cycle characterization of DNA stained multicellular tumor spheroids (2021)

Multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTSs) can serve as in vitro models for solid tumors and have become widely used in basic cancer research and drug screening applications. The major challenges when studying MCTSs by optical microscopy are imaging and analysis due to light scattering within the 3-dimensional structure. Herein, we used an ultrasound-based MCTS culture platform, where A498 renal carcinoma MCTSs were cultured, DAPI stained, optically cleared and imaged, to connect nuclear segmentation to biological information at the single cell level. We show that DNA-content analysis can be used to classify the cell cycle state as a function of position within the MCTSs. We also used nuclear volumetric characterization to show that cells were more densely organized and perpendicularly aligned to the MCTS radius in MCTSs cultured for 96 h compared to 24 h. The method presented herein can in principle be used with any stochiometric DNA staining protocol and nuclear segmentation strategy. Since it is based on a single counter stain a large part of the fluorescence spectrum is free for other probes, allowing measurements that correlate cell cycle state and nuclear organization with e.g., protein expression or drug distribution within MCTSs.
Method for Measuring Transient Intermodulation Distortion (TIM) (1976)

A description of the square-sine intermodulation measuring method is given. The practical measuring procedure is described, and measurement results of commercial audio power amplifiers and integrated operational amplifiers are presented, in many cases showing appreciable transient intermodulation in units which have excellent total harmonic distortion and SMPTE intermodulation distortion specifications. The correlation of these measurements with results obtained using other methods, such as the CCIF-IM and the noise-transfer method, is treated, and the interdependence of these with the slew rate and the power bandwidth is discussed. INTRODUCTION: The lack of correlation between con- which has been described in detail elsewhere [1]-[3]. ventional amplifier distortion measurements and listening So far TIM has been measured by determining the onset tests has been noted by many designers of audio equip- of suppression of the internal drive signal in an amplifier ment. Modem amplifiers often measuring under 0.01 % [4], but this has only yielded a qualitative limit beyond total harmonic distortion at 1 kHz or below 0.1 % inter- which TIM can be expected. The aim of the present work
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Septicine. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Documentation of Ornamental Flora of Balkumari College (2020)

The practice of decorating home Garden, temples, public parks, hotels, college and other places by ornamental plants have been known from ancient time. These plants are advantageous as they are so applicable for aesthetic purpose in landscaping and also provide fresh air to breathe. The study was destined to document about the circumstances of ornamental plants of Balkumari College. Information's were collected by direct observation questionnaires, interview, and photographic collection. 54 ornamental plants were documented belonging to 38 families. Out of them, 26 plants belong to the herbs .13 plants were shrubs and 10 plants were documented as trees whereas 5 plants were climbers. As 22 plants had entire plants as ornamental values, 28 plants are documented as flowers, as ornamental parts 3 plants had leaves as ornamental part only one plant had fruit, as ornamental part. Out of 54 plants, 42 plants were reported as perennial and 12 plants as annual growing pattern out of all documented plants, 39 plants were available throughout the year 14 plants were cultivated in winter season and only one plant cultivated in the summer season.
View Planning For Cloud-Based Active Object Recognition (2013)

Abstract — One of the central problems in computer vision and robotics is to recognize objects in a scene. State-of-the-art algorithms for object recognition are extremely data intensive. Cloud technologies hold the promise to make such algorithms available to robots with limited computation capabilities. However, collecting and transferring large amounts of data with such robots remains a challenge. In this work, we investigate the possibility of enabling cloud-based object recognition by carefully planning the robot’s viewpoints. While view planning techniques for object recognition exist, such techniques are too costly to be executed by robots with limited capabilities. This is unfortunate because these are the robots which would benefit most from cloud-based techniques. In this paper, we present evidence for the existence of universal viewpoints: a small number of viewpoints which guarantee accurate object recognition regardless of the object pose. Our experiments with real data show that such viewpoints exist for common objects. Hence, view-planning for object recognition can be performed in an open-loop fashion without the need for running costly algorithms on small robots. I.
Study of Asset Management Method for Galvanized Steel Railway Electrification Infrastructure in JR-EAST (2017)

As sea wind and acid rain gradually corrode galvanized steel, it is necessary for galvanized steel railway electrification infrastructure to be overpainted or rebuilt for long-term use. Maintenance policies such as painting or rebuilding are currently decided by maintenance engineers' experience and knowledge. It is not always cost-effective. Therefore, the authors have studied the application of the asset management methods for galvanized steel railway electrification infrastructure maintenance. We made an experimental asset management calculation tool. Using sample data, we concluded that the asset management methods are helpful in finding the most cost-effective maintenance policies.