gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Leukemia inhibitory factor production by rat mast cells (1993)

Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a pluripotent cytokine of importance in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. This cytokine may play an important role in neuronal development and bone metabolism. We have examined the ability of freshly isolated rat mast cells and mast cell lines to produce LIF at both the mRNA and bioactivity levels. Initial experiments demonstrated that two mucosal mast cell-like cell lines RBL.2H3 and RCMC9 endogenously produced low levels of LIF bioactivity. The production of this cytokine was examined using a hepatocyte-stimulating factor activity assay and confirmed by the use of neutralizing antibodies specific for LIF. This production was enhanced by treatment with the calcium ionophore A23187. No interleukin-6 production was observed by these cells either endogenously or following ionophore activation. Freshly isolated highly purified rat peritoneal mast cells also expressed mRNA for LIF. These results could have important implications for the role of mast cells in neuronal development, hematopoiesis bone metabolism and the acute-phase response.
Teacher training at theUniversity of Barcelona: satisfaction, transfer andimpact (2016)

Este estudio analiza el efecto que los programas de formación del Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación (ICE) de la Universidad de Barcelona (UB) tiene sobre la acción docente del profesorado que recibe esta formación. Se ha valorado la satisfacción del profesorado sobre los cursos recibidos, el nivel de transferencia de los conocimientos adquiridos a la docencia y su repercusión en el rendimiento académico, en la motivación y en la participación de los estudiantes. También se analizan las dificultades para transferir a la práctica los conocimientos y las habilidades adquiridas en la formación. Los indicadores utilizados para la recogida y el análisis de datos forman parte del Sistema Interno de Garantía de Calidad (SIGC) de los programas de formación del ICE de la UB. Los datos muestran una alta satisfacción del profesorado con la formación recibida. Indican que los programas diseñados favorecen la adquisición de competencias docentes y proporcionan a los profesores una mayor capacidad para introducir cambios en su docencia Dichos cambios repercuten en la mejora del rendimiento académico, así como en la participación y motivación de los estudiantes. La percepción de que algunos aspectos organizativos de la institución obstaculizan la transferencia es mayor en el profesorado que ha recibido más formación. Así mismo se pone de manifiesto que el SIGC es una buena herramienta para el seguimiento y la evaluación de los programas de formación, para su acreditarlos, y en consecuencia, para acreditar también el desarrollo docente del profesorado.
Creep of Superconducting Vortices in the Limit of Vanishing Temperature: A Fingerprint of Off-Equilibrium Dynamics (2001)

We theoretically study the creep of vortex matter in superconductors. The low temperature experimental phenomenology, previously interpreted in terms of "quantum tunneling" of vortices, is reproduced by Monte Carlo simulations of a purely "classical" vortex model. We demonstrate that a nonzero creep rate in the limit of vanishing temperature is to be expected in systems with slow relaxations as a consequence of their off-equilibrium evolution in a complex free energy landscape.
Validation of a LC/UV/MS method for determination of multiple water soluble vitamins in dietary supplements (2007)

In order to more accurately assess total dietary intake of vitamins from all sources, including foods and dietary supplements, a Dietary Supplement Ingredient Database (DSID) comprising analytical values is under joint development by the ARS and the Office of Dietary Supplements (NIH). Current “official” microbiological assay methods for water‐soluble vitamins (WSV), originally developed over 50 years ago involve detailed laborious procedures and thus require updating. We have developed a liquid chromatography/ultra‐violet/mass spectroscopy (LC/UV/MS) method using a C18 reverse‐phase column and dual detection with a diode array and a triple‐quad mass spectrometer for simultaneous determination of multiple water soluble vitamins (thiamine, vitamin C, pyridoxine, nicotinamide, pantothenic acid, biotin, and riboflavin). The method is specifically designed to quantify water‐soluble vitamins in dietary supplements that contain very different levels of vitamins. Single Laboratory Validation of the method included investigation of the parameters of extraction procedure, limits of quantitation (LOQ), dynamic range, accuracy, precision, and ruggedness. This methodology will allow more accurate, precise data to be generated to support quality control of analyses conducted by contract laboratories to be included in the DSID. Funded by USDA and the Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH.
Virtual reality and the exploration of cyberspace (1993)

Virtual Reality and the Exploration of Cyberspace is an introduction that covers not only the nuts and bolts of this emerging technology but also seeks to provide context by examining the social, political, and business implications of virtual reality. The two disks include virtual reality shareware and demos.
Electron scattering and line profiles in negative electron resists (1975)

Starting with a depth-dose theory of electron energy dissipation in negative electron resists and a quasimonoenergetic Gaussian scattering theory, we derive theoretical expressions for single-line profiles using the exposure parameters of the Bell Laboratories electron-beam exposure system (EBES). These profiles are calculated by convoluting the Gaussian scattering distribution with the experimentally determined relationship between resist thickness remaining after development and input electron dose. Calculated profiles for the negative electron resist P(GMA-co-EA) agree well with experimental results for the range of feature sizes exposed on EBES. Since features on EBES are built up by multiple passes, the theory is extended to line profiles separated by the address structure of EBES. The calculated resist profiles are in reasonably good agreement with experimental results. The observed profile heights are somewhat greater than predicted by theory since the developed gel is not perfectly rigid and gel interaction takes place between neighboring profiles. The results show the importance of good gel rigidity and high contrast for negative electron resists used in high resolution applications. The range of validity of the trends predicted by the quasimonoenergetic theory for increasing film thickness and operating voltage are extended using a Monte Carlo approach which includes the effects of energy loss. The calculated trends have led to the choice of optimum exposure conditions for EBES.
Numerical Modeling of Ultrawideband Propagation Along a Wind Turbine Blade (2018)

Full-wave numerical analysis of an ultrawideband wireless link in frequency band 3-5 GHz along a 37.3 m long wind turbine blade is presented. The method used for the analysis is the well-established finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method with staggered Yee mesh. Simulated results are compared to data obtained from measurement on a real blade, in two experiments involving antennas transmitting both from outside near the blade tip and from inside the blade. In the first experiment, when the wave is propagated along the entire blade and received near the blade root, the differences between the simulation and the measurement are found in pulse magnitudes within 3 dB and in delay within 1.5 ns. In the second experiment, the emitted waves are studied at only 10 m distance, but at higher elevations, and the error reaches 6 dB in magnitude and 1.9 ns in delay. Possible reasons for observed discrepancies between the simulations and the measurements are briefly discussed. Despite the long distances involved and challenges connected to the numerical dispersion and anisotropy, the FDTD method turns out to be a feasible choice for full-wave numerical modeling of problems of this type, albeit with slightly high sensitivity to the underlying model.
Trends and patterns of neurotology drug prescriptions on a nationwide insurance database (2021)

This study is the first to analyze neurotologists' trends in prescribing patterns, regional prescription cost distributions, and commonly treated pathologies. This can lead to better standardization of prescribing patterns and cost in the future.
Human adipocyte differentiation and composition of disease-relevant lipids are regulated by miR-221-3p (2020)

Abstract MicroRNA-221-3p (miR-221-3p) is associated with both metabolic diseases and cancers. However, its role in terminal adipocyte differentiation, adipocyte lipid metabolism, and lipid signaling in human disease are uncharacterized. miR-221-3p or its inhibitor were transfected into differentiating or mature human adipocytes. Triglyceride (TG) content and adipogenic gene expression were monitored, global lipidome analysis was carried out, and mechanisms underlying the effects of miR-221-3p were investigated. Finally, cross-talk between miR-221-3p expressing adipocytes and MCF-7 breast carcinoma (BC) cells was studied, and miR-221-3p expression in tumor-proximal adipose biopsies from BC patients analyzed. miR-221-3p overexpression inhibited terminal differentiation of adipocytes, as judged from reduced TG storage and gene expression of the adipogenic markers SCD1, GLUT4, FAS, DGAT1/2, AP2, ATGL and AdipoQ . The signaling adaptor protein 14-3-3γ was identified as a potential mediator of the miR-221-3p effects. Importantly, miR-221-3p overexpression inhibited de novo lipogenesis but increased the concentrations of ceramides and sphingomyelins, while reducing diacylglycerols, concomitant with suppression of sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase, ATP citrate lyase, and acid ceramidase. miR-221-3p expression was elevated in tumor proximal adipose tissue from patients with invasive BC. Conditioned medium of miR-221-3p overexpressing adipocytes stimulated the invasion and proliferation of BC cells, while medium of the BC cells enhanced miR-221-3p expression in adipocytes. miR-221-3p plays a pivotal role in the terminal differentiation of white adipocytes and their lipid composition. Elevated miR-221-3p impairs adipocyte lipid storage and differentiation, and modifies their ceramide, sphingomyelin, and diacylglycerol content. These alterations are relevant for metabolic diseases but may also affect cancer progression.
Innate activation of human primary epithelial cells broadens the host response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the airways (2017)

Early events in the human airways determining whether exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) results in acquisition of infection are poorly understood. Epithelial cells are the dominant cell type in the lungs, but little is known about their role in tuberculosis. We hypothesised that human primary airway epithelial cells are part of the first line of defense against Mtb-infection and contribute to the protective host response in the human respiratory tract. We modelled these early airway-interactions with human primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBECs) and alveolar macrophages. By combining in vitro infection and transwell co-culture models with a global transcriptomic approach, we identified PBECs to be inert to direct Mtb-infection, yet to be potent responders within an Mtb-activated immune network, mediated by IL1β and type I interferon (IFN). Activation of PBECs by Mtb-infected alveolar macrophages and monocytes increased expression of known and novel antimycobacterial peptides, defensins and S100-family members and epithelial-myeloid interactions further shaped the immunological environment during Mtb-infection by promoting neutrophil influx. This is the first in depth analysis of the primary epithelial response to infection and offers new insights into their emerging role in tuberculosis through complementing and amplifying responses to Mtb.
Supplementary Table 2 from Combination Therapy with Vidaza and Entinostat Suppresses Tumor Growth and Reprograms the Epigenome in an Orthotopic Lung Cancer Model (2023)

Supplementary Table 2 from Combination Therapy with Vidaza and Entinostat Suppresses Tumor Growth and Reprograms the Epigenome in an Orthotopic Lung Cancer Model
Cesium loaded on silica as an efficient and recyclable catalyst for the novel synthesis of selenophenes (2013)

A simple and efficient catalytic protocol for the 2-amino-5-substitutedselenophene-3-carbonitrile derivatives (4a–k) via the one-pot condensation of dicyanomethane, selenium and various substituted esters using 1% cesium silica is reported. The present method offers several advantages such as high to excellent yields, short reaction times, recovery and reusability of catalyst, mild reaction conditions and easy workup procedures.
A handheld point-of-care system for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 in under 20 minutes (2020)

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health emergency characterized by the high rate of transmission and ongoing increase of cases globally. Rapid point-of-care (PoC) diagnostics to detect the causative virus, SARS-CoV-2, are urgently needed to identify and isolate patients, contain its spread and guide clinical management. In this work, we report the development of a rapid PoC diagnostic test (&lt; 20 min) based on reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) and semiconductor technology for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 from extracted RNA samples. The developed LAMP assay was tested on a real-time benchtop instrument (RT-qLAMP) showing a lower limit of detection of 10 RNA copies per reaction. It was validated against 183 clinical samples including 127 positive samples (screened by the CDC RT-qPCR assay). Results showed 90.55% sensitivity and 100% specificity when compared to RT-qPCR and average positive detection times of 15.45 ± 4.43 min. For validating the incorporation of the RT-LAMP assay onto our PoC platform (RT-eLAMP), a subset of samples was tested (n=40), showing average detection times of 12.89 ± 2.59 min for positive samples (n=34), demonstrating a comparable performance to a benchtop commercial instrument. Paired with a smartphone for results visualization and geo-localization, this portable diagnostic platform with secure cloud connectivity will enable real-time case identification and epidemiological surveillance. One Sentence Summary We demonstrate isothermal detection of SARS-CoV-2 in under 20 minutes from extracted RNA samples with a handheld Lab-on-Chip platform.
Experimental study of effects of forebody geometry on high angle-of-attack stability (1988)

A series of low-speed wind-tunnel tests on a generic airplane model with a cylindrical fuselage are made to investigate the effects of forebody shape and fineness ratio, and fuselage/wing proximity on static and dynamic lateral/directional stability. During the stability investigation ten forebodies were tested including three different cross-sectional shapes with fineness ratios of 2,3, and 4. In addition, the wing was tested at two longitudinal positions to provide a substantial variation in forebody/wing proximity. Conventional force tests were conducted to determine static stability characteristics, and single-degree-of-freedom free-to-roll tests were conducted to study the wing rock characteristics of the model with the various forebodies. Flow visualization data were obtained to aid in the analysis of the complex flow phenomena involved. The results show that the forebody cross-sectional shape and fineness ratio and forebody/wing proximity can strongly affect both static and dynamic (roll) stability at high angles of attack. These characteristics result from the impact of these factors on forebody vortex development, the behavior of the vortices in sideslip, and their interaction with the wing flowfield.
Stratification of Destination Therapy Candidates by J-HeartMate Risk Score Among Elderly Non-Responders to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (2022)

<b><i>Background:</i></b> For elderly patients with refractory heart failure (HF), destination therapy (DT) with a continuous-flow left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is a possible treatment. The aim of DT is for long-term, satisfying quality of life on LVAD support. Previously, elderly non-responders to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) were primarily destined for palliative care, but DT has been available in Japan since April 30, 2021. This study investigated the prognosis of elderly CRT non-responders and assessed the feasibility of DT in these patients based on the J-HeartMate Risk Score (J-HMRS). <b><i>Methods and Results:</i></b> Of the 559 patients who underwent CRT at Tokyo Women's Medical University between 2000 and 2018, 198 were aged 65-75 years. Among these, 76 were identified as non-responders based on echocardiographic data, and were included in this study. We calculated patients' J-HMRS and investigated associations between the J-HMRS and cardiac events after CRT. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the J-HMRS: low (n=23), medium (n=29), and high (n=24) risk. Patients in the low-risk group experienced as many HF rehospitalizations and ventricular arrhythmia events as those in the other groups. However, survival analysis revealed that, after CRT, survival was higher for patients in the low- compared with high-risk group (P=0.04). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The J-HMRS classified 30% of elderly CRT non-responders as low risk and as suitable candidates for DT in Japan.
Symmetry Assembled Supramolecular Protein Cages: Investigating a Strategy for Constructing New Biomaterials (2011)

In nature, the assembly of individual protein subunits into larger quaternary structures allows new biological properties to emerge as consequence of the higher order structure. The biological function and physical properties exhibited by these higher order structures differ widely from those of the individual subunits of which they are composed. Inspired by nature, my research objective was to develop and test new strategies for creating novel biomaterials with useful properties by the directed assembly of natural proteins into larger artificial protein structures. In particular, my research has explored the assembly of proteins into “cages”, which have potential applications in drug delivery or gene therapy by encapsulating therapeutic agents within the “cage”. The strategy for making such higher order protein structures in a specific and directed manner is to use protein building blocks (PBBs) with well defined symmetrical quaternary xi structures that can coordinate the assembly, and to utilize novel non-covalent cross-linking agents that bring the PBBs together and link them to form the “cage” structures. To demonstrate proof of concept, the protein KDPG aldolase from T. maritima was utilized as a PBB, which consists of three identical subunits that form a trimeric quaternary structure that closely resembles a triangle. Geometry dictates that triangles can form various highly symmetrical 3-D structures; for example tetrahedrons, octahedrons, and/or icosahedrons depending on the number of units in the assembly. As linkers, we exploited peptides designed de novo to form anti-parallel heterodimeric coiled coils. This method of cross-linking is useful because the heterodimeric nature allows only subunits with complementary peptides to be joined, providing control over assembly and maintaining adequate spatial arrangement of the PBBs. The results from our investigations show that fusion proteins of KDPG aldolase and peptide linkers assemble into cage structures, cage structures predicted to form based on the symmetry of the KDPG aldolase PBB, upon mixing of fusion proteins with complementary peptide linkers.
Compressed sensing for practical optical imaging systems: A tutorial (2011)

The emerging field of compressed sensing (CS, also referred to as compressive sampling)1,2 has potentially powerful implications for the design of optical imaging devices. In particular, compressed sensing theory suggests that one can recover a scene at a higher resolution than is dictated by the pitch of the focal plane array. This rather remarkable result comes with some important caveats however, especially when practical issues associated with physical implementation are taken into account. This tutorial discusses compressed sensing in the context of optical imaging devices, emphasizing the practical hurdles related to building such devices and offering suggestions for overcoming these hurdles. Examples and analysis specifically related to infrared imaging highlight the challenges associated with large format focal plane arrays and how these challenges can be mitigated using compressed sensing ideas.
Magneto-optical studies of Sm(Fe,Ti)12 perpendicular textured sputtered films (1993)

Measurements of the polar Kerr rotation and optical coercivity as a function of photon energy have been made on ≊2 μm thick ThMn12-type crystalline sputtered films of Sm(Fe,Ti)12. The optical coercivity for a Ti containing (222) textured film was 3.10 kOe at a photon energy of 1.25 eV, 2.96 kOe at 1.84 eV, and 2.92 kOe at 2.45 eV. The optical coercivity for a similar composition (002) textured Sm(Fe,Ti)12 film was relatively constant at 1.24 kOe. These samples were measured in air at 300 K without any protective overcoating. The polar Kerr rotation observed for these crystalline films versus the photon energy paralleled that observed for pure Fe. The magnetometer and optical coercivities for the (222) textured Sm(Fe,Ti)12 films were 1.5 and 2.5 times as large, respectively, as for similar composition (002) textured films. Differences in grain sizes incorporated during the direct synthesis of the films onto heated substrates are needed to account for the large differences observed in the coercivities for the (222) versus (002) textured films.
Cephalexin for Susceptible Bacteriuria in Afebrile, Long-term Catheterized Patients (1982)

Patients with long-term indwelling urethral catheters are subject to acute and long-term complications of bacteriuria. To evaluate the common practice of short-course antibiotic therapy in such patients, we performed a randomized controlled trial of ten-day courses of cephalexin monohydrate repeated whenever a susceptible bacteriuria was present. We observed 17 cephalexin group patients for 545 patient-weeks (160 cephalexin courses) and 18 control group patients for 477 patient-weeks. Throughout the study, the groups were comparable in regard to incidence and prevalence of bacteriuria, number of bacterial strains per weekly urine specimen, incidence of febrile days, and incidence of obstructed catheters. In the cephalexin group, the frequency of fever during periods when antibiotics were being used was similar to that during periods when antibiotics were not being used. More cephalexin-resistant bacteria were isolated from cephalexin group patients. Routine treatment with cephalexin of asymptomatic long-term catheterized patients, even for susceptible organisms, does not seem to be warranted.
A force-reflecting teleoperated hand system for the study of tactile sensing in precision manipulation (2003)

The author describes a teleoperated hand system developed to study the role of tactile and fine-force sensing in telemanipulation. Both master and slave manipulators are two-fingered hands designed for precision tasks that humans typically execute with a pinch grasp. A direct drive parallel linkage configuration and brushless DC servomotors permit smooth, accurate control of contact forces and small motions, which is essential for effective tactile sensing and display. Initial experiments demonstrated that an operator can perform precision tasks using this system, and that the ability to convey small force levels to the operator required careful attention to the coupling between the operator's finger tips and the master manipulator. The system has been used to demonstrate that a tactile display can convey frictional information sensed at the slave manipulator.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>