gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Osteotropic Radiolabeled Nanophotosensitizer for Imaging and Treating Multiple Myeloma (2020)

Rapid liver and spleen opsonization of systemically administered nanoparticles (NPs) for <i>in vivo</i> applications remains the Achilles' heel of nanomedicine, allowing only a small fraction of the materials to reach the intended target tissue. Although focusing on diseases that reside in the natural disposal organs for nanoparticles is a viable option, it limits the plurality of lesions that could benefit from nanomedical interventions. Here we designed a theranostic nanoplatform consisting of reactive oxygen (ROS)-generating titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) NPs, coated with a tumor-targeting agent, transferrin (Tf), and radiolabeled with a radionuclide (<sup>89</sup>Zr) for targeting bone marrow, imaging the distribution of the NPs, and stimulating ROS generation for cell killing. Radiolabeling of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs with <sup>89</sup>Zr afforded thermodynamically and kinetically stable chelate-free <sup>89</sup>Zr-TiO<sub>2</sub>-Tf NPs without altering the NP morphology. Treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) cells, a disease of plasma cells originating in the bone marrow, with <sup>89</sup>Zr-TiO<sub>2</sub>-Tf generated cytotoxic ROS to induce cancer cell killing <i>via</i> the apoptosis pathway. Positron emission tomography/X-ray computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging and tissue biodistribution studies revealed that <i>in vivo</i> administration of <sup>89</sup>Zr-TiO<sub>2</sub>-Tf in mice leveraged the osteotropic effect of <sup>89</sup>Zr to selectively localize about 70% of the injected radioactivity in mouse bone tissue. A combination of small-animal PET/CT imaging of NP distribution and bioluminescence imaging of cancer progression showed that a single-dose <sup>89</sup>Zr-TiO<sub>2</sub>-Tf treatment in a disseminated MM mouse model completely inhibited cancer growth at euthanasia of untreated mice and at least doubled the survival of treated mice. Treatment of the mice with cold Zr-TiO<sub>2</sub>-Tf, <sup>89</sup>Zr-oxalate, or <sup>89</sup>Zr-Tf had no therapeutic benefit compared to untreated controls. This study reveals an effective radionuclide sensitizing nanophototherapy paradigm for the treatment of MM and possibly other bone-associated malignancies.
Manufacturing and Performance of Supported BSCF‐Membranes for Oxygen Separation (2014)

Oxygen transport membranes present a promising alternative to the widely used cryogenic air separation for the generation of oxygen. Especially ceramic membranes made of perovskites show high oxygen flux and purity, leading to advanced research in optimization, module design and manufacturing. This work is investigating the manufacturing and oxygen transport through planar membranes made of Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-σ. Disc shaped samples were fabricated by means of tape casting, consisting of gas tight membrane layers with varying thickness and porous support layers for mechanical strength. The microstructure was analyzed using SEM and X-ray computer tomography with regard to characteristic values (porosity, tortuosity, and specific surface area). These results combined with literature approaches were used as a basis for a model concept, extending the Wagner equation to account for both bulk transfer and surface exchange kinetics. Permeation measurements with varying operating conditions were carried out and used to validate the model approach. Good agreement was found in case of constant porosity and adjusted characteristic thickness. A basic design approach for a modular system is presented, consisting of gastight planar multilayer compounds intended for 3-end operation. The manufacturing of components via tape lamination and the joining and sealing of the components is discussed.
REACTIVE HYPERSONIC FLOWS COMPUTED WITH DETAILED CHEMICAL KINETICS MODELS (2018)

International audience
In situsynchrotron x-ray diffraction study of electrical field induced fatigue in Pt/PbZr0.45Ti0.55O3/Pt ferroelectric capacitors (2005)

Highly brilliant synchrotron x-ray radiation was used to measure in situ the microstructural response of a ferroelectric capacitor subjected to bipolar rectangular pulses. High-resolution x-ray diffraction experiments were performed on a (111)-oriented PbZr0.45Ti0.55O3 thin film with a composition in the morphotropic region and sandwiched between two platinum electrodes. From original real time measurements, the microstructural changes with electrical cycling have been evidenced and correlated with the observed polarization fatigue measured during the x-ray diffraction experiment. From concomitant variations of the diffracted intensity and the switching current maximum, several mechanisms have been discussed as a possible origin of the polarization fatigue: field induced phase transformation, oxygen vacancy self-ordering and widening of the internal bulk screening field distribution function during cyclic switching.
From Micelle Supramolecular Assemblies in Selective Solvents to Isoporous Membranes (2011)

The supramolecular assembly of PS-b-P4VP copolymer micelles induced by selective solvent mixtures was used to manufacture isoporous membranes. Micelle order in solution was confirmed by cryo-scanning electron microscopy in casting solutions, leading to ordered pore morphology. When dioxane, a solvent that interacts poorly with the micelle corona, was added to the solution, polymer-polymer segment contact was preferential, increasing the intermicelle contact. Immersion in water gave rise to asymmetric porous membranes with exceptional pore uniformity and high porosity. The introduction of a small number of carbon nanotubes to the casting solution improved the membrane stability and the reversibility of the gate response in the presence of different pH values.
Update of the BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Ag-110m of activity measurements of the radionuclide 110m Ag to include the 2015 result of the PTB (Germany) (2020)

Main text Since 1983, 6 laboratories have submitted 7 samples of 110m Ag to the International Reference System (SIR) for activity comparison at the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), with comparison identifier BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Ag-110m. Recently, the PTB (Germany) participated in the comparison and the key comparison reference value (KCRV) has been updated. The degrees of equivalence between each equivalent activity measured in the SIR and the updated KCRV have been calculated and the results are given in the form of a table. A graphical presentation is also given. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report . Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/ . The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Monoamine oxidase inhibition and neuroprotection by N1‐propargylphenelzine (2001)

Abstract The ability of N 1 ‐propargylphenelzine and related N 1 ‐propargylhydrazines to inhibit monoamine oxidase‐A (MAO‐A) and ‐B (MAO‐B) and to prevent N‐(2‐chloroethyl)‐N‐ethyl‐2‐bromobenzylamine (DSP‐4)‐induced noradrenergic neurotoxicity was examined. N 1 ‐Propargylphenelzine strongly inhibited MAO‐A and MAO‐B in in vitro assays using rat brain or liver as the enzyme source. In ex vivo studies in rats, both intraperitoneal and oral administration of N 1 ‐propargylphenelzine strongly inhibited brain and liver MAO‐A and MAO‐B. The extent of ex vivo MAO inhibition and increased levels of noradrenaline and 5‐hydroxytryptamine by N 1 ‐propargylphenelzine was comparable to that of phenelzine. Unlike phenelzine, however, N 1 ‐propargylphenelzine did not elevate γ‐aminobutryic acid (GABA) concentrations in rat brain. A single intraperitoneal administration of N 1 ‐propargylphenelzine to mice, 1 week prior to sacrifice, reduced DSP‐4‐induced depletion of noradrenaline in the hippocampus. The brains of N 1 ‐propargylphenelzine‐treated mice from the DSP‐4 neurotoxicity experiments had normal MAO‐B activity, but MAO‐A was significantly inhibited; this was in contrast to animals that had received (–)‐deprenyl, who showed normal MAO‐A activity but a decrease of MAO‐B. The present results indicate that N 1 ‐propargylphenelzine may be a useful neuroprotective compound with a long‐term in vivo propensity to inhibit MAO‐A. Drug Dev. Res. 53:15–21, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Radiologic-pathologic correlation conference: SUNY Upstate Medical Center. Late deterioration after treatment of brain neoplasm (1985)

Radiologic-pathologic correlation conference: SUNY Upstate Medical Center. Late deterioration after treatment of brain neoplasmSA Kieffer, GA King, RB King, ED Cacayorin, B Cowan, Jr, GH Collins, G Petro, EM Levinsohn and B MarkarianAudio Available | Share
Optically pumped InP: Nuclear polarization from NMR frequency shifts (2011)

There are a number of mechanisms that can produce frequency shifts in the NMR spectra of optically pumped semiconductors, including the hyperfine interaction, nuclear dipolar fields, and indirect or $J$ couplings. Using optically pumped Fe-doped InP, we explore how to experimentally distinguish these shift mechanisms from one another, and then exploit the shifts to measure the absolute nuclear polarization. Furthermore, we optically pump, using circularly polarized light, at a much lower field (2.35 T) than previous work, permitting us to explore the field dependence of the nuclear polarization rate, the spin-lattice relaxation time, and the NMR photon energy spectrum. We measure similar polarizations as obtained at higher fields, but with a significantly faster nuclear polarization rate, making operation at lower fields attractive for optically pumped InP as a source of nuclear spin polarization.
Computed Fractional Flow Reserve (FFTCT) Derived from Coronary CT Angiography (2013)

Recent advances in image-based modeling and computational fluid dynamics permit the calculation of coronary artery pressure and flow from typically acquired coronary computed tomography (CT) scans. Computed fractional flow reserve is the ratio of mean coronary artery pressure divided by mean aortic pressure under conditions of simulated maximal coronary hyperemia, thus providing a noninvasive estimate of fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) at every point in the coronary tree. Prospective multicenter clinical trials have shown that computed FFRCT improves diagnostic accuracy and discrimination compared to CT stenosis alone for the diagnosis of hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease (CAD), when compared to invasive FFR as the reference gold standard. This promising new technology provides a combined anatomic and physiologic assessment of CAD in a single noninvasive test that can help select patients for invasive angiography and revascularization or best medical therapy. Further evaluation of the clinical effectiveness and economic implications of noninvasive FFRCT are now being explored.
Effect of stem cell source on outcomes after unrelated donor transplantation in severe aplastic anemia (2011)

Outcome after unrelated donor bone marrow (BM) transplantation for severe aplastic anemia (SAA) has improved, with survival rates now approximately 75%. Increasing use of peripheral blood stem and progenitor cells (PBPCs) instead of BM as a graft source prompted us to compare outcomes of PBPC and BM transplantation for SAA. We studied 296 patients receiving either BM (n = 225) or PBPC (n = 71) from unrelated donors matched at human leukocyte antigen-A, -B, -C, -DRB1. Hematopoietic recovery was similar after PBPC and BM transplantation. Grade 2 to 4 acute graft-versus-host disease risks were higher after transplantation of PBPC compared with BM (hazard ratio = 1.68, P = .02; 48% vs 31%). Chronic graft-versus-host disease risks were not significantly different after adjusting for age at transplantation (hazard ratio = 1.39, P = .14). Mortality risks, independent of age, were higher after PBPC compared with BM transplantation (hazard ratio = 1.62, P = .04; 76% vs 61%). These data indicate that BM is the preferred graft source for unrelated donor transplantation in SAA.
Sorting of Cytochrome b2 to the Intermembrane Space of Mitochondria. (1995)

Precytochrome b2 is targeted to the mitochondrial intermembrane space by a dual targeting sequence comprising 80 amino acids. A kinetic analysis of intramitochondrial sorting was performed. The intermediate-size form accumulated transiently in the matrix. When import was performed in the presence of metal chelators to prevent the first processing by the matrix processing peptidase, > 40% of the imported precursor was localized in the matrix. A deletion of 13 amino acids in the intermembrane space sorting sequence caused partial inhibition of the first processing, and a transient accumulation of the precursor form in the matrix was also observed. The decrease in this matrix-localized precursor form paralleled an increase in the mature-size form in the intermembrane space. A point mutation in the mitochondrial targeting sequence (N-terminal to the sorting sequence) resulted in missorting to the matrix space. Furthermore, a chimeric protein consisting of the initial 85 residues of cytochrome b2 fused to dihydrofolate reductase was partially targeted to the matrix at 15 degrees C, but not at 25 degrees C. Together, the results presented here indicate that cytochrome b2 passes through the matrix on its sorting pathway to the intermembrane space.
Object-oriented hardware modelling—where to apply and what are the objects? (1996)

The importance of reusability of hardware models for the necessary increase in design productivity are explained for different modelling problems. Methods having previously been proven to be successful in software engineering are analysed with respect to their applicability to hardware design. It is shown that object-oriented modelling techniques do potentially increase design productivity, but that VHDL in its current version does not support object oriented modelling. Possible subjects to object-orientation are discussed.
Application to steam turbine 50-inch and 60-inch titanium blades for large capacity plants (2019)

The low pressure last stage blade of the steam turbine is one of the most important components that determine the performance, reliability and overall structure of a turbine because of its large output burden. The lengthening of the last stage blades results in the expectation of a reduction in exhaust loss and leads to the expansion of the single turbine capacity, contributing to the efficiency enhancement of steam turbines and to a reduction in the number of turbine casings that can make turbine buildings compact and construction costs lower. MHPS developed the world's largest 50 inch and 60 inch titanium last stage blade (LSB). The application of 60-inch titanium LSB for 50 Hz is Kozienice No. 11 of Poland. This turbine constitutes of four exhaust flows in two low pressure casings, and whose output is 1075 MW. On the other hand, the 50-inch titanium LSB for 60 Hz is applied to Korean Taean No. 9 & 10, and whose output is 1050 MW. It is notable that reheat temperature of Kozienice is USC 620 °C class, whose plant efficiency has reached 45% and more. In this paper, we introduce development contents of new Titanium LSB and its application to a large capacity thermal power plant of over 1000 MW.
A General Synthesis of Ynones from Aldehydes via Oxidative C–C bond Cleavage under Aerobic Conditions (2014)

We describe a direct synthesis of various ynones from readily available aldehydes and hypervalent alkynyl iodides. In this method, a gold catalyst and a secondary amine work synergistically to produce the trisubstituted allenyl aldehyde, which can be converted to the desired ynone through an in situ C-C bond oxidative cleavage using molecular oxygen.
Individual Discrimination Method by Magneto-Optical Microscopy (2018)

For this study, a novel magnetization-free micro-magnetic tag is proposed and fabricated with low cost to make a tracking living bodies under water condition to establish a system for biometric identification within short time. Conventional identification system has a disadvantage that sensing signal is too weak to be identified because of the water absorption of electromagnetic waves and the highly in cost. For the present study, Magneto-Optics is employed as a high throughput sensing by 2D magnetic field. In order to magnify the sensing ability, FEM analysis has successfully optimized the configurations of external magnetic field and additional yoke module using double layer structure. The amplified magnetic information has successfully measured by magneto-optical (MO) sensor without contacting the magnetic tag whose maximum distance from sensor is 250μm. This study contributes to environmental technology and sensing / tracing technology.
Role of 24‐Epibrassinolide in Wheat Production: Physiological Effects and Uptake (2010)

Abstract Brassinosteroids are plant steroid hormones important for plant growth and development. They include more then 70 compounds. Their physiological effect and possibilities of practical use are still being investigated. In this study, we evaluated the effects of exogenously applied 24‐epibrassinolide, one of the brassinosteroids, on the grain yield and grain chemical composition (carbohydrates, proteins, fats and minerals) of wheat. Moreover, we analysed the presence of brassinosteroids in newly formed wheat grains after exogenous plant treatment with 24‐epibrassinolide. Experiments were performed in a vegetation hall (plants cultivated in pots) and in the field. The tested regulator was applied via 48 h seed soaking (1 mg·dm −3 ) or spraying plants at the heading stage (0.25 mg·dm −3 ). 24‐epibrassinolide increased grain yield in plants growing in the field (by about 20 %), but not in plants cultivated in vegetation hall. Grain chemical composition was altered by 24‐epibrassinolide in wheat growing in the vegetation hall; the content of soluble sugars was higher while that of total fats and calcium was lowered, whereas the starch and soluble protein content was not affected. The effect of the hormone was in these cases dependent on the method of its application. As for plants cultivated in the field, the hormone impact on the amount of carbohydrates, proteins, fats and minerals contained in the grains was rather negligible. In wheat grains, the presence of brassinolide, castasterone and 24‐epicastasterone was found. 24‐Epibrassinolide applied exogenously to plants was not accumulated in newly formed grains. Additionally, significance of ethanol as a hormone solvent is discussed.
Effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on ripening of apple fruit without cold storage (2009)

SummaryThe objectives of this study were to determine the efficacy of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment on ripening of ‘Tsugaru’ fruit at different stages of maturity (early, mid-, and late harvest) and the responses of the early- to late-maturing apple cultivars,‘Tsugaru’,‘Hongro’ and ‘Fuji’, respectively, during storage at ambient temperature (20º ± 2ºC). Fruit at different stages of ripening were treated with 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 µl l–1 1-MCP for different durations (e.g., 1.0 µl l–1 1-MCP for 8 h, 16 h, or 24 h) or with various delays before treatment (e.g., 1.0 µl l–1 1-MCP on the day of harvest, or 1 d, or 2 d later). Application of 1-MCP to unripe fruit inhibited ethylene production, lowered the rate of respiration and maintained titratable acidity (TA) more effectively than when more mature fruit was treated. However, the effects of 1-MCP on flesh firmness were similar for apples at mid- or late harvests. 1-MCP treatment of early-harvested fruit of the early-maturing ‘Tsugaru’, which had the highest level of ethylene production and respiration rate, inhibited softening and loss of TA to a greater extent than for late harvested fruit. The same pattern of softening was found for ‘Hongro’ and ‘Fuji’. Firmness of ‘Tsugaru’ and ‘Fuji’ apples was maintained after 8 h treatment with 1.0 µl l–1 1-MCP, while a 16 h treatment was required for ‘Hongro’. Treatment delays of ≤ 2 d before the application of 1-MCP had no negative impact on fruit firmness. Overall, these results indicate that 1-MCP can be used to maintain the quality of non-refrigerated apples.
Water-solubilization of alkyloxo(methoxo)porphyrinatoantimony bromides (2009)

In order to develop water-soluble porphyrins, alkyloxo(methoxo)porphyrinatoantimony bromides (alkyl = hexyl (1a), decyl (1b), dodecyl (1c), tetradecyl (1d), octadecyl (1e)) were prepared. 1 had more than 1 mmol dm(-3) of solubility in water. From the dependence of the half-width of the bands in the absorption spectra and surface tension on the concentration of 1, it was estimated that 1b-d were present as aggregates in concentrations higher than 10 micromol dm(-3). From the NMR analysis in D(2)O, it was deduced that the alkyloxo ligands of 1 were arranged alternately in the aggregates. The diameter of the aggregates of 1 in water was determined to be around 100 nm by the dynamic light scattering method. Since the solubilities of di(methoxo)tetraphenylporphyrinatoantimony bromide and 5-(4'-decyloxyphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrinato(dimethoxo)antimony(v) bromide were low, it was calculated that the long alkyl axial ligands were requisite for the high solubility in water.
Epizootiology of Velogenic Viscerotropic Newcastle Disease in Southern California, 1971-1973 (1973)

SUMMARY Velogenic viscerotropic Newcastle disease ( vvnd ) was first diagnosed in southern California near Fontana in San Bernardino County in late November, 1971. The virus appeared to have escaped from a nearby exotic bird importer. Once established in poultry, the virus spread rapidly to other areas, primarily by movement of poultry, service people, and equipment among the poultry ranches. Initial quarantine and eradication measures proved inadequate to curb the spread. By March 14, 1972, when the national emergency was declared, more than 150 flocks were known to be infected, including most of the major poultry areas of southern California. A massive effort was mounted by a state-federal task force to contain vvnd in southern California and to eradicate the disease before it became established as an enzootic disease. Eight southern California counties were quarantined. The eradication effort was organized to diagnose and depopulate all known infected flocks, vaccinate the entire avian population rapidly, and to restrict movement of birds and poultry products. This program contained vvnd within the quarantine area and, with some adjustments in surveillance methods, has allowed the eradication of the disease from most of the 8 counties.
NRF2 activation by antioxidant antidiabetic agents accelerates tumor metastasis (2016)

Cancer is a common comorbidity of diabetic patients; however, little is known about the effects that antidiabetic drugs have on tumors. We discovered that common classes of drugs used in type 2 diabetes mellitus, the hypoglycemic dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) saxagliptin and sitagliptin, as well as the antineuropathic α-lipoic acid (ALA), do not increase tumor incidence but increase the risk of metastasis of existing tumors. Specifically, these drugs induce prolonged activation of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-mediated antioxidant response through inhibition of KEAP1-C151-dependent ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of NRF2, resulting in up-regulated expression of metastasis-associated proteins, increased cancer cell migration, and promotion of metastasis in xenograft mouse models. Accordingly, knockdown of NRF2 attenuated naturally occurring and DPP-4i-induced tumor metastasis, whereas NRF2 activation accelerated metastasis. Furthermore, in human liver cancer tissue samples, increased NRF2 expression correlated with metastasis. Our findings suggest that antioxidants that activate NRF2 signaling may need to be administered with caution in cancer patients, such as diabetic patients with cancer. Moreover, NRF2 may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for tumor metastasis.