gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Formation of low-resistance ohmic contacts between carbon nanotube and metal electrodes by a rapid thermal annealing method (2000)

The contact resistance between a carbon nanotube and metal electrodes decreases by several orders of magnitude and becomes long-term stable when the nanotube contacted by Ti-Au electrodes was annealed by a rapid thermal annealing method at 600-800 °C for 30 s. The contact resistances of the annealed samples are in the range 0.5-50 kΩ at room temperature, depending on the electrical properties of the nanotube. The short and relatively low-temperature annealing process enables us to make a surface Ti-nanotube contact suitable for electrical measurements. For the samples with relatively low contact resistances (0.5-5 kΩ) at room temperature, the contact resistance remained constant or decreased slightly as the temperature was lowered. Those with a relatively high contact resistance (5-50 kΩ), on the other hand, showed increasing contact resistance with a lowering of the temperature.
Right ventricular outflow tract and dual site right ventricular pacing - the comparison with apex pacing (2005)

It was proved that right ventricular apex pacing (RVAp) deteriorates synchrony of ventricular contraction and decreases cardiac performance. Right ventricular outflow tract pacing (RVOTp) is more favorable pacing option due to better sequence of ventricular activation. The aim of the study was to compare acute hemodynamic effects of RVAp and RVOTp and to find the predictors of differences between those two modes. Methods: In 51 patients, during implantation of pacing system, cardiac performance was evaluated at RVA and RVOT pacing modes by means of impedance cardiography (BioZ.com; Cardiodynamics). Indices of contractility: Acceleration Index (ACI), Velocity Index (VI) and Cardiac Index (CI) were determined as well as the LV ejection time (LVET) and pre-ejection period (PEP). The measurements in 3 min periods were collected and averaged, after the adaptation period of 5 min. Results. In 65% of pts RVOTp showed to be more favourable than RVAp. The differences of CI after replacement of RVA to RVOTp were dependent on cardiac contractility during RVA pacing (CI: r=-0,48 p<0,001; PEP: r=0,27 p=0,052, LVET: r=-0,34 p=0,02; VI: r=-0,29 p=0,04) and echocardiographic parameters as LVEF (r=-0,36 p=0,02) and LVPWd (r=0,40 p=0,01). The differences did not correlated with RVA paced QRS duration and with change of axis deviation after RVAp to RVOTp change. Multivariate analysis showed that only CI during RVAp was the independent factor influencing RVAp-RVOTp differences of CI. Conclusions: RVOT pacing provides significantly higher cardiac performance than standard RVA pacing. The acute positive effect of RVOT vs RVA pacing is more visible in insufficient hearts. RVOTp should be considered as an alternative for patients with impaired cardiac performance (without current CRT indications).
A P2P approach for membership management and resource discovery in grids (2005)

As deployed grids increase from tens to thousands of nodes, peer-to-peer (P2P) techniques and protocols can be used to implement scalable services and application in grids. This paper proposes a P2P approach for handling two key services in grid environments: membership management and resource discovery. The membership management service exploits the use of "contact nodes", i.e. of nodes elected within virtual organizations to facilitate the assignment of neighbours and the construction of interconnections between grid nodes. The resource discovery service uses these interconnections to give grid nodes the opportunity to explore the grid and discover available resources. The paper analyzes the performance of the resource discovery service on grid networks with different sizes.
Novel hydrophobically associative polyacrylamide with tunable viscosity (2009)

) 被 DMHAB 的臼齿的部分在混合微粒控制，它能被 CTAB 的比率调停到 DMHAB。不变的荧光探查和 viscometry 实验的结果证明 HAPAM 协会的能力被恐水病的微块的长度决定。有悦耳的协会能力的 HAPAM 为变厚的代理人正在答应材料。
A Biosensor for Aromatic Aldehydes Comprising the Mediator Dependent PaoABC‐Aldehyde Oxidoreductase (2012)

Abstract A novel aldehyde oxidoreductase (PaoABC) from Escherichia coli was utilized for the development of an oxygen insensitive biosensor for benzaldehyde. The enzyme was immobilized in polyvinyl alcohol and currents were measured for aldehyde oxidation with different one and two electron mediators with the highest sensitivity for benzaldehyde in the presence of hexacyanoferrate(III). The benzaldehyde biosensor was optimized with respect to mediator concentration, enzyme loading and pH using potassium hexacyanoferrate(III). The linear measuring range is between 0.5–200 µM benzaldehyde. In correspondence with the substrate selectivity of the enzyme in solution the biosensor revealed a preference for aromatic aldehydes and less effective conversion of aliphatic aldehydes. The biosensor is oxygen independent, which is a particularly attractive feature for application. The biosensor can be applied to detect contaminations with benzaldehyde in solvents such as benzyl alcohol, where traces of benzaldehyde in benzyl alcohol down to 0.0042 % can be detected.
A Predictive Display With Force Feedback And Its Application To Remote Manipulation System With Transmission Time Delay (2005)

This paper discusses the design of a predictive display system with force feedback and its application to a remote manipulation system with transmission time delay. In the field of telerobotics, it has been found that an operator's performance is enhanced by the ability to obtain the information of remote environment with high fidelity. However, the transmission time delay produces one of the most crucial problems in space telerobotics. It is not practical to feed back force data continuously to the operator's hands because the delayed feedback may cause instability. In order to improve the manipulability, a system that presents the information of environments pre- cisely to the operator without time delay is re- quired. In this paper, a method for virtual genera- tion of the constraining forces in the model world is proposed. As a first step, a simple robot and its environment model are constructed. It is assumed that the environment model consists of several polyhedral objects without friction on the surface and that the slave robot is a point object. The spring effects are assumed at the surface of the ob- jects and then the constraining forces are produced in the direction normal to the surface, and those magnitudes are in proportion to the amount of the penetrations. A predictive display remote manipu- lation system with a force generation function is implemented. Some experiments were performed to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Sublinear Optimization for Machine Learning (2010)

We give sublinear-time approximation algorithms for some optimization problems arising in machine learning, such as training linear classifiers and finding minimum enclosing balls. Our algorithms can be extended to some kernelized versions of these problems, such as SVDD, hard margin SVM, and L2-SVM, for which sublinear-time algorithms were not known before. These new algorithms use a combination of a novel sampling techniques and a new multiplicative update algorithm. We give lower bounds which show the running times of many of our algorithms to be nearly best possible in the unit-cost RAM model. We also give implementations of our algorithms in the semi-streaming setting, obtaining the first low pass polylogarithmic space and sublinear time algorithms achieving arbitrary approximation factor.
The Role of Metastables in the Formation of an Argon Discharge in a Two-Pin Geometry (2010)

The breakdown process in gases is a versatile research topic. Numerous processes play more or less important roles in discharge formation, strongly depending on the gas mixture, the electrode configuration, the applied electric field, the size of the geometry, and even on the structures surrounding the active volume where the breakdown takes place. We focus our research on the breakdown process in argon at 700 mbar, in a pin–pin (point-to-point) electrode geometry, with increasing positive voltage at the active electrode. The voltage rises by 100 V/ns. We use a 2-D fluid model to examine the formation of a charged channel between the electrodes under given conditions. We find that the results describe previous experiments reasonably well. We also explore the role of excited argon atoms at $(4s)$ metastable levels in the breakdown process, and we conclude that the ionization path with an intermediate step containing the metastables does indeed make a notable difference in the breakdown process.
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of LC3-I (2003)

Aut7/Apg8 is located in the intermediate structures of the autophagosome and plays an essential role in autophagosome formation. The processed form, cleaved at a C-terminus of Gly120 and called LC3-I, was expressed, purified and crystallized in two crystal forms. One form belongs to space group I4(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 84.39, c = 36.89 A. The other form belongs to space group P4(1) or P4(3), with unit-cell parameters a = 60.48, c = 35.28 A. From the latter form, a complete diffraction data set was collected to 2.1 A resolution.
Relationships between hypoxia markers and the leptin system, estrogen receptors in human primary and metastatic breast cancer: effects of preoperative chemotherapy (2010)

Background: Tumor hypoxia is marked by enhanced expression of hypoxia-inducible factor- (HIF-1) and glucose transporter-1 (Glut-1). Hypoxic conditions have also been associated with overexpression of angiogenic factors, such as leptin. The aim of our study was to analyze the relationships between hypoxia markers HIF-1, Glut-1, leptin, leptin receptor (ObR) and other breast cancer biomarkers in primary and metastatic breast cancer in patients treated or untreated with preoperative chemotherapy.
The Role of Glutathione in Protecting against the Severe Inflammatory Response Triggered by COVID-19 (2020)

The novel COVID-19 pandemic is affecting the world's population differently: mostly in the presence of conditions such as aging, diabetes and hypertension the virus triggers a lethal cytokine storm and patients die from acute respiratory distress syndrome, whereas in many cases the disease has a mild or even asymptomatic progression. A common denominator in all conditions associated with COVID-19 appears to be the impaired redox homeostasis responsible for reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation; therefore, levels of glutathione (GSH), the key anti-oxidant guardian in all tissues, could be critical in extinguishing the exacerbated inflammation that triggers organ failure in COVID-19. The present review provides a biochemical investigation of the mechanisms leading to deadly inflammation in severe COVID-19, counterbalanced by GSH. The pathways competing for GSH are described to illustrate the events concurring to cause a depletion of endogenous GSH stocks. Drawing on evidence from literature that demonstrates the reduced levels of GSH in the main conditions clinically associated with severe disease, we highlight the relevance of restoring GSH levels in the attempt to protect the most vulnerable subjects from severe symptoms of COVID-19. Finally, we discuss the current data about the feasibility of increasing GSH levels, which could be used to prevent and subdue the disease.
Influence and Manipulation (2015)

This chapter identifies the difference between influence and manipulation. It discusses the principles of influence and why they work. The chapter describes the effectiveness of influence that is affected by the social nature, physiological factors, and psychological factors and addresses the basic techniques used in manipulation. Establishing rapport is a skill that successful social engineers must build quickly in order to be effective. Rapport is one of the necessary conditions of influence. Manipulation through punishment can act as a catalyst or create a link to other strong emotions that compel behavior. Social proof is a great segue, because it explains a little more about why the principles of influence work. In modern times, social engineers use the knowledge of the social natures to create conditions that mimic group pressure. Social engineers basically manufacture situations to create a certain level of tension, anxiety, or motivation to act.
Control of inter-layer coupling field in spin valves by thin oxide layer (2005)

Summary form only given. The complete presentation was not made available for publication as part of the conference proceedings.
Coordination of sonic hedgehog and Wnt signaling determines ventral and dorsal telencephalic neuron types from human embryonic stem cells (2009)

The directed differentiation of forebrain neuronal types from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) has not been achieved. Here, we show that hESCs differentiate to telencephalic progenitors with a predominantly dorsal identity in a chemically defined medium without known morphogens. This is attributed to endogenous Wnt signaling, which upregulates the truncated form of GLI3, a repressor of sonic hedgehog (SHH). A high concentration of SHH, or the inhibition of Wnt by dickkopf 1 (DKK1) together with a low concentration of SHH, almost completely converts the primitive dorsal precursors to ventral progenitors, which is partially achieved through both downregulation of the truncated GLI3 and upregulation of full-length GLI3 expression. These dorsal and ventral telencephalic progenitors differentiate to functional glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons, respectively. Thus, although hESCs generate dorsal telencephalic cells, as opposed to ventral progenitors in other vertebrates, in the absence of exogenous morphogens, human cells use a similar molecular mechanism to control the dorsal versus ventral fate. The coordination of Wnt and SHH signaling through GLI3 represents a novel mechanism that regulates ventral-dorsal patterning in the development of forebrain neuronal subtypes.
Flux guide type tunnel-valve head for tape storage applications (2002)

The feasibility of tunnel magnetoresistive read heads with flux-guide (FG) layers was investigated for helical-scan tape storage applications. In order to stabilize tunnel-valve elements, a long-range exchange coupling bias scheme was employed, consisting of a Cu layer and an antiferromagnet deposited on top of a free layer in the tunnel-valve element. The maximum output of the FG type reader was about four times larger than that of a conventional anisotropic magnetoresistive reader, and thermal asperity noise of the magnetoresistance reader could be reduced drastically. The tunnel-valve readers have symmetrical track profiles, which are suitable for nontracking tape systems.
On the semi-classical description of molecular orbiting collisions (1968)

The semi-classical analysis of molecular orbiting collisions is discussed in the context of Breit-Wigner theory. The explicit introduction of a complex energy is used to characterize the quasi-stationary states in the dip of the effective potential characterizing the collision. Expressions for the resonance energies and widths of the quasi-stationary states are derived from the semi-classical wavefunctions and a formula given for the resonant contribution to the measurable total elastic cross section. The semi-classical wavefunctions are derived with the help of connection formulae based on an exact solution of the Schrödinger equation for a parabolic well and a parabolic barrier. The connection formulae for the case a parabolic well are derived and their properties developed.
Über Germanosiloxane, III. Spaltung von Germansiloxanen durch Schwefelsäure‐ und Chromsäureanhydrid (1961)

Abstract Bis‐trimethylgermanyl‐sulfat wird durch doppelte Umsetzung mit Lithiumtri‐methylsilanolat in Lithiumsulfat und Hexamethylgermanosiloxan (II) übergeführt. II liefert mit SO 3 Trimethylgermanyl‐trimethylsilyl‐sulfat (III), das sich bei höherer Temperatur zu Bis‐trimethylsilyl‐sulfat und Bis‐trimethylgermanylsulfat disproportioniert. Wasserfreies Chromsäureanhydrid spaltet II in gleicher Weise und führt es in ein explosives Trimethylgermanyl‐trimethylsilyl‐chromat über.
Chiral quasiparticle local density of states maps in graphene (2008)

We present a theory of momentum-space local density of states (LDOS) maps $N(\mathbit{q},\ensuremath{\omega})$ in graphene. The LDOS map has both intravalley contributions centered near zero momentum and reciprocal-lattice vectors and intervalley contributions displaced by the wave vector ${\mathbit{K}}^{\ensuremath{'}}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathbit{K}$ which connects graphene's two distinct Dirac points. Using graphene's Dirac equation chiral quasiparticle continuum model, we obtain analytic results which explain the qualitative differences between these two LDOS-map features. We comment on the sensitivity of both $N(\mathbit{q},\ensuremath{\omega})$ features to the mix of atomic length scale and smooth disorder sources present in a particular graphene sample.
A NOVEL SOURCE OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES IN THE MITOCHONDRIA. (2007)

Oxidative stress has been implicated in diverse human diseases, including diabetes and atherosclerosis, as well as in aging. The bulk of oxidative pathways are harbored in the mitochondria, where various redox carriers leak electrons to oxygen to form superoxide anion. In phagocytic cells, however, gp91phox-based NAD(P)H oxidase has long been recognized as a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). More recently, several isoforms of gp91phox, called Nox proteins, have been cloned and identified in somatic cells. Nox4 was cloned from the kidney, and we have recently shown that it is a major source of ROS in renal cells and kidney tissue of diabetic animals. We generated specific rabbit polyclonal Nox4 antibodies and found that Nox4 localizes to mitochondria. Several approaches were used to confirm Nox4 localization. (1) Immunoblot analysis in cultured rat glomerular mesangial cells (MCs) as well as renal cortex revealed that Nox4 was present in crude mitochondrial fractions, in mitochondria-enriched heavy fractions and in purified mitochondria. (2) Independent confirmation of Nox4 localization to the mitochondria was analyzed by immunogold electron microscopy. (3) Immunofluorescence confocal microscopy was also used to localize Nox4 in MCs and nonrenal cells, such as aortic endothelial or vascular smooth muscle cells. Our observation was confirmed using the mitochondrial localization prediction program MitoProt, where the probability score for Nox4 obtained was identical to mitochondrial protein human cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV. Functionally, siRNA-mediated knockdown of Nox4 reduces NADPH oxidase activity in pure mitochondria and blocks glucose-induced mitochondrial superoxide generation. Our data provide the first evidence that a functional Nox4 is present and regulated in mitochondria, indicating the existence of a novel source of ROS in this organelle. Collectively, our findings offer a possible explanation for the data of the literature reporting that both mitochondria and Nox-containing oxidases are sources of ROS. The present demonstration that Nox4 resides in mitochondria and plays a key role in disease-induced oxidative stress may reconcile the mitochondrial and the NAD(P)H oxidase hypotheses.
Antiemetic activity of ondansetron in acute gastroenteritis (1997)

Background : The mechanism of nausea and vomiting associated with gastroenteritis is unknown. The role of 5‐HT 3 receptors in emesis associated with gastroenteritis was investigated in paediatric patients. Methods : A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group study was conducted in three groups of 12 patients each, receiving either a single i.v. dose of ondansetron (0.3 mg/kg), metoclopramide (0.3 mg/kg) or placebo (sterile saline). Food was restricted and oral rehydration was administered for 4 h. Results : During 0–24 h, the number of emetic episodes experienced was significantly greater ( P =0.048) with placebo (mean=5) than ondansetron (mean=2) and the proportion of patients experiencing no emesis was significantly greater ( P =0.039) with ondansetron (58%) than placebo (17%). A numerical difference, in favour of ondansetron, was observed between ondansetron and metoclopramide groups for both of the above parameters. Fewer treatment failures were observed with ondansetron (17%) than placebo (33%) and metoclopramide (42%). More diarrheal episodes were observed in the groups receiving anti‐emetic treatment. All three treatments were well tolerated. Conclusions : Ondansetron, a 5HT 3 receptor antagonist, was significantly superior to placebo in preventing emesis associated with acute gastroenteritis, in paediatric patients. Therefore, serotonin, acting through 5HT 3 receptors, may play a role in this form of emesis.
Value of laboratory tests in early prediction of rheumatoid arthritis (2002)

IgM-RF, IgG-AKA, and the latex test are the best laboratory tests for discriminating between patients with and without RA. Combining these tests slightly improves diagnostic value.
Cytogenetické vyšetření lymfocytů periferní krve po stimulaciIL 2 a CpG oligonukleotidem DSP30 u pacientů s chronickoulymfocytární leukemiíridization and conventional cytogeneticsafter stimulation with CpG oligonucleotides and interleukin-2:A prospective analysis. (2013)

Cytogeneticke vysetřeni lymfocytů periferni krve po stimulaci
IL 2 a CpG oligonukleotidem DSP30 u pacientů s chronickou
lymfocytarni leukemii. Cytogeneticke vysetřeni lymfocytů
periferni krve po stimulaci IL 2 a CpG oligonukleotidem DSP30 u
pacientů s chronickou lymfocytarni leukemii.
Three-component stereoselective enzymatic synthesis of amino diols and amino-polyols (2022)

Amino polyols represent attractive chemical building blocks but can be challenging to synthesize because of the high density of asymmetric functionalities and the need for extensive protection group strategies. Here we present a three-component strategy for the stereoselective enzymatic synthesis of amino diols and amino polyols using a diverse set of prochiral aldehydes, hydroxy ketones and amines as starting materials. We were able to combine biocatalytic aldol reactions, using variants of D-fructose-6-phosphate aldolase (FSA), with reductive aminations catalyzed by IRED-259, identified from a metagenomic library. A two-step process, without the need for intermediate isolation, was developed to avoid cross-reactivity of the carbonyl components. Stereoselective formation of the (R),(R),(R) enantiomers of amino polyols was observed and confirmed by x-ray crystallography.
Early detection system considering types of dementia by behavior sensing (2013)

If dementia is detected at an early stage, the progress of the disease can be slowed. Therefore, early detection of dementia is important. In this study, we propose a system for elderly people living alone which detects suspicion of dementia at an early stage of the disease. In addition, the system determines types of dementia by initial symptom of the elderly people. We compared two different analytical methods for determining initial symptom from obtained data. The first method is an analytical method by threshold and the second method is an analytical method by trend of data. We evaluated validity and immediacy of the analytical methods by scenarios.
The design and experiment of a software-defined acoustic modem for underwater sensor network (2010)

In this paper, the design scheme and system implementation of a compact, low-cost, energy-efficient, real-time, software-defined acoustic (SDA) modem for underwater sensor network are described. The hardware and software performance of the SDA modem are presented by the underwater experiment results of different underwater communication and networking method using the same modem.