gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vidrios bioactivos en odontología: revisión (2016)

espanolLos biomateriales para reemplazo oseo se han utilizado du - rante decadas en Cirugia Maxilofacial y Oral para el relleno de defectos. El descubrimiento a finales de los anos 60 de los vidrios bioactivos o bioactive glasses (BGs), capaces de formar en su superficie una capa biologicamente activa al ponerse en contacto con los fluidos biologicos, ha impulsa - do la actividad investigadora en busca de nuevos biomate - riales innovadores con propiedades bioactivas para la fabri - cacion de un scaffold ideal para el tejido oseo. El objetivo de este trabajo es hacer una revision bibliogra - fica para proporcionar al lector una vision clara de la idonei - dad y el prometedor potencial de los biovidrios como bioma - terial en la ingenieria de tejidos, tanto duros como blandos y sus fascinantes aplicaciones en Odontologia. La bondad y versatilidad de este biomaterial se ha pues - to especialmente de manifiesto con el desarrollo de nuevas generaciones de vidrios bioactivos. Los requerimientos que actualmente exigen las aplicaciones biomedicas se exhiben en los biovidrios de cuarta generacion o biovidrios libres de P 2 O 5 (como los vidrios con alto contenido en CaO y ZnO), que abren nuevas perspectivas en diferentes ambitos biomedi - cos como la Odontologia, la Traumatologia y la Ortopedia. En Odontologia, los vidrios bioactivos tienen aplicacion en Periodoncia, Cirugia, Implantologia Conservadora, Endodon - cia y en la confeccion y rehabilitacion protetica. EnglishThe use of biomaterials for bone replacement in maxillofacial and oral surgery has been used for decades to restore the function of damaged tissues in the filling of defects. The dis - covery of bioactive glasses in the late 60s has prompted the search for new biomaterials with bioactive properties for the manufacture of an ideal scaffold for bone tissue. The aim of this paper is to review the potential of bioacti - ve glasses as biomaterial in both hard and soft tissue engi - neering, and their many applications in dentistry. The development of new generations of bioactive glasses has shown their great performance as biomaterials. The new demanded requirements in biomedical applications are met in the so called four generation of free P 2 O 5 bioactive glasses (such as CaO and ZnO containing glasses), opening up op - portunities in several medical fields such as dentistry, trau - matology and orthopedics. In dentistry, bioactive glasses have applications in perio - dontics, surgery, implantology, conservative dentistry, en - dodontics and prosthetic rehabilitation and manufacturing.
PD‐1/PD‐L1 expression on CD4+ T cells and myeloid DCs correlates with the immune pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (2015)

Although immuno-inflammatory response contributes to pathogenesis of AF, molecular and cellular mechanism in this process remains poorly understood. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that Programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand (PD-L) pathway may be a potential pathway participating in AF pathogenesis. In this study, we detected the PD-1 and PD-L1, 2 expression on peripheral blood function cells by flow cytometry in 91 atrial fibrillation (AF) patients and 35 healthy volunteers. The expression of PD-1 on CD(4+) T cells and PD-L1 on myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) in AF patients is significantly down-regulated compared with healthy volunteers. In addition, the extent of PD-1/PD-L1 down-regulation is closely related with AF burden. More importantly, Allogeneic mixed leukocyte reactions (MLR) shows that the mDCs PD-L1 down-regulation is associated with increased T cell (CD(4+) and CD(8+)) proliferation, increased type 1 effector cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-γ) secretion, and decreased type 2 effector cytokine (IL-10) secretion. Then, PD-L1 up-regulation by the stimulation of IFN-α can significantly convert this representation. Collectively, our report suggest that T(CD(4+))/mDCs-associated PD-1/PD-L1 pathway plays a key role in AF immune regulation. PD-1/PD-L1 down-regulation in AF patients promotes T cells function and may contribute to AF pathogenesis.
Nanoscale surface modifications of medically relevant metals: state-of-the art and perspectives (2010)

Evidence that nanoscale surface properties stimulate and guide various molecular and biological processes at the implant/tissue interface is fostering a new trend in designing implantable metals. Cutting-edge expertise and techniques drawn from widely separated fields, such as nanotechnology, materials engineering and biology, have been advantageously exploited to nanoengineer surfaces in ways that control and direct these processes in predictable manners. In this review, we present and discuss the state-of-the-art of nanotechnology-based approaches currently adopted to modify the surface of metals used for orthopedic and dental applications, and also briefly consider their use in the cardiovascular field. The effects of nanoengineered surfaces on various in vitro molecular and cellular events are firstly discussed. This review also provides an overview of in vivo and clinical studies with nanostructured metallic implants, and addresses the potential influence of nanotopography on biomechanical events at interfaces. Ultimately, the objective of this work is to give the readership a comprehensive picture of the current advances, future developments and challenges in the application of the infinitesimally small to biomedical surface science. We believe that an integrated understanding of the in vitro and particularly of the in vivo behavior is mandatory for the proper exploitation of nanostructured implantable metals and, indeed, of all biomaterials.
Implementierung und Parametrierung eines physikalischen Simulationsmodells einer Lithium-Ionen Zelle zur Analyse elektrochemisch-mechanischer Wechselwirkungen (2018)

Die Interkalationsreaktion von Lithium (Li) in Li-Ionen Batterien ist häufig mit signifikanten Volumenänderungen der Aktivmaterialien verbunden. Zusätzlich kommt es über die Lebensdauer zu einer irreversiblen mechanischen Ausdehnung, die u.a. durch die Reaktion von Elektrolytkomponenten an der Elektrodenoberfläche hervorgerufen wird. Die Limitierung des mechanischen Bauraums in Batteriezellen und -systemen führt in Folge der Elektrodenausdehnung zu mechanische Spannungen, die nachgewiesener Weise die Zellalterung und damit die Eigenschaften des elektrochemischen Systems beeinflussen. Für eine fundamentale Beschreibung des mechanischen Einflusses sind grundlegende elektrochemische Methoden notwendig. Zur physikalischen Beschreibung dieser Effekte stellt diese Arbeit ein umfassendes Simulationsmodell vor. Die elektrochemischen Gleichungen basieren auf dem Modell nach Newman, welches um einen mechanischen und thermischen Ansatz ergänzt wurde. Die mechanische Erweiterung ermöglicht die Berechnung der Volumenänderung der Komponenten in Abhängigkeit der Li-Konzentration und der mechanischen Randbedingungen. Die mechanisch-elektrochemische Kopplung ist dadurch abgebildet, dass die herrschenden mechanischen Drücke die Porosität und somit die ionischen Transporteigenschaften der porösen Elektroden und des Separators beeinflussen. Die temperatur- und konzentrationsabhängige Parametrisierung des elektrochemisch-mechanischen Modells wird vollständig in dieser Arbeit durchgeführt. Die Bestimmung der Eigenschaften der verwendeten Aktivmaterialien erfolgt durch Anwendung spezieller Dreielektroden-Zellen, wodurch Anode und Kathode getrennt voneinander parametrisiert werden. Besonders dünne Elektrodenschichten minimieren dabei den Einfluss des Elektrolyten. Die physikalische Beziehung zwischen dem mechanischen Druck und der ionischen Leitfähigkeit der Komponenten konnte direkt gemessen und mittels Simulationsergebnissen bestätigt werden. Der physikalische Modellansatz verdeutlicht, dass eine mechanische Verspannung von Zellen die Entstehung von Li-Konzentrationsgradienten während der Ladung und Entladung verstärkt.
Electrochemical Stability of Copper in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolytes (2000)

The electrochemical stability of copper substrate was studied in three different lithium‐ion battery electrolytes. Cyclic voltammetry was used to study the oxidation‐reduction behavior of copper in these electrolyte solutions. The reduction of electrolyte and its effect on the oxidation of copper was also studied. Bulk electrolysis was used to quantitatively study the dissolution of copper in dry electrolytes and in electrolytes doped with impurities of or HF. The stability of copper was closely related to the composition of the electrolytes. Impurities dramatically increased the oxidation tendency of copper. © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
A blood-based miRNA signature for early non-invasive diagnosis of preeclampsia (2022)

We developed and validated a novel and robust blood-based miRNA signature, which may serve as a promising clinically applicable non-invasive tool for the early detection of PE.
Miscellaneous new North American centipeds of the order Lithobiida (1952)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Experiences of using the 1 kV three phase supply in rural electricity distribution (2006)

Modern society is dependent on electricity distribution. The expectations for more reliable and continuous electricity are growing all the time. Short and long outages in electricity distribution have shown the vulnerability of modern society. The customers' quality consciousness and the role of energy market authority have grown during the last years. In addition, to allow the rate of return of companies, the authority supervises power quality in the sense of reliability. In the near future, power quality is an actual part of the distribution regulation model. The focus of this paper deals with practical experiences of application of the three-voltage-level 20/1/0.4 kV system and results of studies in which alternative network solutions are evaluated. Network designs and practical experiences have shown that the 20/1/0.4 kV system is an economical solution compared to the traditional system when it enables replacing 20 kV medium voltage lines with 1 kV low voltage lines
Space Transportation Systems (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Systems Multistage Rocket Technologies Propulsion Systems Launch Infrastructure System Qualification Bibliography
A principal component feedforward algorithm for active noise control: flight test results (2001)

An in-flight evaluation of a principal component algorithm for feedforward active noise control is discussed. Cabin noise at the first three harmonics of the blade passage frequency (103 Hz) of a Raytheon-Beech 1900D twin turboprop aircraft was controlled using 21 pairs of inertial force actuators bolted to the ring frames of the aircraft; 32 microphones provided error feedback inside the aircraft cabin. In a single frequency noise control test, the blade passage frequency was reduced by 15 dB averaged across the microphone array. When controlling the first three harmonics simultaneously, reductions of 11 dB at 103 Hz, 1.5 dB at 206 Hz, and 2.8 dB at 309 Hz were obtained. For single frequency feedforward control problems, the principal component algorithm is shown to be useful for reducing the computational burden and simplifying the implementation of control effort penalties in high channel count control systems. Good agreement was found between the in-flight behavior of the controller and the predicted optimal control solution.
Prisotnost različnih genotipov bakterije Clostridium difficile pri hospitaliziranih bolnikih v Sloveniji med dvomesečnim zimskim obdobjem (2013)

Background : Clostridium difficile is an important cause of nosocomial diarrhoea. Strains are further differentiated into PCR ribotypes, and some ribotypes (e.g. 027) are often associated with outbreaks, increased disease severity and increased mortality. Here we describe the diversity of C. difficile among human isolates in Slovenia. Methods : All eight microbiological diagnostic laboratories providing C. difficile diagnostics in Slovenia have participated. Isolates from two–month- winter period were collected and ribotyped. The following data were also collected from the laboratories: number of all tested samples, number of all positive samples, and patient age and gender. Results : In a two-month period, altogether 860 samples were tested for C. difficile in all participating laboratories. Of those, 154 (17.9 %) samples from 125 patients were positive. The percentage of positive samples in different laboratories ranged from 13.3 to 43.2 %. Two out of eight laboratories did not have positive samples. C. difficile strains (n= 149) were grouped into 35 ribotypes. However, 57.7 % of all strains belonged only to two PCR ribotypes (027 and 014/020). PCR ribotype 027 was not present in Slovenia until 2010, but was in this study the most prevalent PCR ribotype and present mainly in the northeast region. Conclusions : There is a substantial diversity of C. difficile ribotypes in Slovenia. A high prevalence of ribotype 027 and a high percentage of positive samples in some laboratories indicate the presence of C. difficile outbreaks.
Experimental inoculation of Treponema pedis T A4 failed to induce ear necrosis in pigs (2017)

Ear necrosis is a syndrome affecting pigs shortly after weaning and is regarded as an animal welfare issue. The etiology is unknown but <i>Treponema</i> spp., predominantly <i>Treponema pedis</i>, are commonly detected in the lesions. Oral treponemes have been suggested as source of infection, transferred by biting and licking behavior. In this study, five pigs were intradermally inoculated with <i>Treponema pedis</i> strain T A4 with the aim of investigating if this strain would induce ear lesions. Three pigs served as controls. The inoculation was repeated after 29 days, and the study continued for 56 days. Serum samples were collected throughout the study and analyzed by ELISA for IgG antibodies towards <i>T. pedis</i> T A4 lysate. Skin biopsies were taken from the inoculation area at the end of the study. Gingival samples were collected and cultivated for treponemes, for comparison to the inoculation strain and to follow colonisation. The challenged pigs did not develop any clinical signs of infection and no spirochetes were detected in sections from skin biopsies. The number of <i>Treponema</i>-positive gingival samples increased during the study. In the challenge group, IgG towards the bacterial lysate peaked 7 days after each inoculation and decreased rapidly hereafter. In the control group a weak IgG response was observed after the second inoculation, possibly caused by the oral treponemes.
Diffusion of Tin into GaAs from Doped SiO[sub 2] Film Sources (1971)

Diffusion of tin into from a doped source layer has produced average carrier concentrations twice as high as those previously reported in the literature for diffusions from such films. The average carrier concentration in the diffused layers was for junctions 1 to 2 µm deep. The surface concentration appears to be nearly constant during the first hour of diffusion at 1050°C and decreases due to source film depletion. Carrier concentrations in the diffused layers were measured with both Hall effect and infrared reflectivity techniques.
Multiplexing system for Walsh waves (1974)

A sequency-division multiplexing system is described that operates on multilevel data signals, where the output carrier does not contain more levels than the input. The system also possesses an efficient tradeoff between error correction and the number of channels in use. All operations are done in the residue number system, where the ideal p is any odd number. The system is particularly suited for data coded in is-complement fashion, and results for a 16-channel system are shown.
Contrasting Sensitivities of Escherichia coli Aconitases A and B to Oxidation and Iron Depletion (2002)

Superoxide damages dehydratases that contain catalytic [4Fe-4S](2+) clusters. Aconitases are members of that enzyme family, and previous work showed that most aconitase activity is lost when Escherichia coli is exposed to superoxide stress. More recently it was determined that E. coli synthesizes at least two isozymes of aconitase, AcnA and AcnB. Synthesis of AcnA, the less-abundant enzyme, is positively controlled by SoxS, a protein that is activated in the presence of superoxide-generating chemicals. We have determined that this arrangement exists because AcnA is resistant to superoxide in vivo. Surprisingly, purified AcnA is extremely sensitive to superoxide and other chemical oxidants unless it is combined with an uncharacterized factor that is present in cell extracts. In contrast, AcnB is highly sensitive to a variety of chemical oxidants in vivo, in extracts, and in its purified form. Thus, the induction of AcnA during oxidative stress provides a mechanism to circumvent a block in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. AcnA appears to be as catalytically competent as AcnB, so the retention of the latter as the primary housekeeping enzyme must provide some other advantage. We observed that the [4Fe-4S] cluster of AcnB is in dynamic equilibrium with the surrounding iron pool, so that AcnB is rapidly demetallated when intracellular iron pools drop. AcnA and other dehydratases do not show this trait. Demetallated AcnB is known to bind its cognate mRNA. The absence of AcnB activity also causes the accumulation and excretion of citrate, an iron chelator for which E. coli synthesizes a transport system. Thus, AcnB may be retained as the primary aconitase because the lability of its exposed cluster allows E. coli to sense and respond to iron depletion.
Projections of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) emissions and the resulting global warming based on recent trends in observed abundances and current policies (2022)

Abstract. The emissions of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) have increased significantly in the past 2 decades, primarily as a result of the phaseout of ozone-depleting substances under the Montreal Protocol and the use of HFCs as their replacements. In 2015, large increases were projected in HFC use and emissions in this century in the absence of regulations, contributing up to 0.5 ∘C to global surface warming by 2100. In 2019, the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol came into force with the goal of limiting the use of HFCs globally, and currently, regulations to limit the use of HFCs are in effect in several countries. Here, we analyze trends in HFC emissions inferred from observations of atmospheric abundances and compare them with previous projections. Total CO2 eq. inferred HFC emissions continue to increase through 2019 (to about 0.8 GtCO2eq.yr-1) but are about 20 % lower than previously projected for 2017–2019, mainly because of the lower global emissions of HFC-143a. This indicates that HFCs are used much less in industrial and commercial refrigeration (ICR) applications than previously projected. This is supported by data reported by the developed countries and the lower reported consumption of HFC-143a in China. Because this time period preceded the beginning of the Kigali provisions, this reduction cannot be linked directly to the provisions of the Kigali Amendment. However, it could indicate that companies transitioned away from the HFC-143a with its high global warming potential (GWP) for ICR applications in anticipation of national or global mandates. There are two new HFC scenarios developed based (1) on current trends in HFC use and Kigali-independent (K-I) control policies currently existing in several countries and (2) current HFC trends and compliance with the Kigali Amendment (KA-2022). These current policies reduce projected emissions in 2050 from the previously calculated 4.0–5.3 GtCO2eq.yr-1 to 1.9–3.6 GtCO2eq.yr-1. The added provisions of the Kigali Amendment are projected to reduce the emissions further to 0.9–1.0 GtCO2eq.yr-1 in 2050. Without any controls, projections suggest a HFC contribution of 0.28–0.44 ∘C to global surface warming by 2100, compared to a temperature contribution of 0.14–0.31 ∘C that is projected considering the national K-I policies current in place. Warming from HFCs is additionally limited by the Kigali Amendment controls to a contribution of about 0.04 ∘C by 2100.
ChemInform Abstract: Water‐Soluble Metal Complexes and Catalysts. Part 5. 2,2′‐Bipyridine‐5‐sulfonic Acid and Organometallic Complexes: Spectroscopy and Structures. (1990)

Abstract Coplanar orientation of the pyridine rings in (I) and in metal complexes of this ligand is evident from IR and NMR studies.
Protection against benzo[α]pyrene- and N-nitrosodiethylamineinduced lung and forestomach tumorigenesis in A/J mice by water extracts of green tea and licorice (1992)

Next to water, tea is the most widely consumed beverage in the world. Licorice, a traditional herb, is used as a food sweetening and flavoring agent worldwide. Previously we have shown that the polyphenolic fraction isolated from green tea (GTP*) and constituents derived from licorice possess significant antimutagenic activity and afford protection against carcinogenesis in murine skin. In this study we observed that oral feeding in drinking water of 1.2% water extract of green tea (WEGT) or 1 % water extract of licorice (WEL) to female A/J mice during the entire period of the experiment results in significant protection against lung and forestomach tumorigenesis induced by benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) (p.o., 100 mg/kg body wt total four times at 2 week intervals) or N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) (p.o., 20 mg/kg body wt, once weekly for 8 weeks). At the termination of the experiment at 33 weeks post B[a]P and NDEA administration, the animals receiving WEGT developed respectively 56 and 55% (P < 0.05) fewer tumors in lungs than did controls receiving normal drinking water. WEGT feeding also reduced these two carcinogen-induced tumor yields in forestomach by 71 and 80% (P < 0.05) respectively, as compared to that in animals receiving normal drinking water. Similarly, the animals receiving WEL developed 60 and 55% and 24 and 68% (P < 0.05, except for 24% protective effect) fewer tumors than did controls receiving normal drinking water. The results of the present study, in conjunction with prior publications, suggest that green tea and licorice possess cancer chemopreventive effects against various carcinogens in different animal tumor bioassay protocols.
NOTES ON MYRIAPODS FROM DOUGLAS LAKE, MICHIGAN (1914)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Supplementary Figure Legends from β2-Integrin Adhesion Regulates Dendritic Cell Epigenetic and Transcriptional Landscapes to Restrict Dendritic Cell Maturation and Tumor Rejection (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure Legends&lt;/p&gt;
Hydrophobin Genes Involved in Formation of Aerial Hyphae and Fruit Bodies in Schizophyllum (1991)

Joseph G. H. Wessels, Onno M. H. de Vries, , Frank H. J. Schuren, Hydrophobin Genes Involved in Formation of Aerial Hyphae and Fruit Bodies in Schizophyllum, The Plant Cell, Vol. 3, No. 8 (Aug., 1991), pp. 793-799