gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Time-varying wavelet transforms with lifting steps for lossless image compression (2003)

Most natural images are well modeled as smoothed areas segmented by edges. The smooth areas can be well represented by a wavelet transform with high regularity and with fewer coefficients which requires high-pass filters with some vanishing moments. However for the regions around edges, short highpass filters are preferable. In one recently proposed approach, this problem was solved by switching filter banks using longer filters for smoothed areas of the images and shorter filters for areas with edges. This approach was applied to lossy image coding resulting in a reduction of ringing artifacts. As edges were predicted using neighboring pixels the nonlinear transforms made the decorrelation more flexible. In this paper we propose a time-varying filterbank and apply it to lossless image coding. In this scheme, we estimate the standard deviation of the neighboring pixels of the current pixel by solving the maximum likelihood problem. The filterbank is switched between three filter banks, depending on the estimated standard deviation.
Another look at co-treatment with growth hormone and human menopausal gonadotrophins in poor ovarian responders (1993)

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether a combined human growth hormone (HGH) and human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) treatment can improve ovulation induction in poor ovarian responders. Ten patients aged 28-43 years and requiring > 25 ampoules of HMG for ovulation were admitted to the study. Pituitary growth hormone reserve was evaluated by clonidine stimulation and insulin tolerance tests before commencement of treatment. The patients underwent one treatment cycle with D-tryptophan-6-luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (D-Trp6-LHRH) and HMG and another cycle with D-Trp6-LHRH, HMG and HGH. Serum HGH, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and oestradiol were measured throughout the two treatment cycles and follicular maturation was assessed by ultrasonographic studies. All patients tested showed no elevation of their serum HGH concentration during a clonidine test, but showed an adequate response during insulin tolerance tests. No significant difference was found in the number of HMG ampoules, duration of treatment, number of leading follicles, and serum oestradiol concentration between the two treatment cycles. Co-treatment with HGH and HMG did not improve ovarian performance in poor ovarian responders. No correlation was found between the results of HGH pituitary function tests and the ovarian response to gonadotrophins.
Video representation with three-dimensional entities (1998)

Very low bit-rate coding requires new paradigms that go well beyond pixel- and frame-based video representations. We introduce a novel content-based video representation using tridimensional entities: textured object models and pose estimates. The multiproperty object models carry stochastic information about the shape and texture of each object present in the scene. The pose estimates define the position and orientation of the objects for each frame. This representation is compact. It provides alternative means for handling video by manipulating and compositing three-dimensional (3-D) entities. We call this representation tridimensional video compositing, or 3DVC for short. We present the 3DVC framework and describe the methods used to construct incrementally the object models and the pose estimates from unregistered noisy depth and texture measurements. We also describe a method for video frame reconstruction based on 3-D scene assembly, and discuss potential applications of 3DVC to video coding and content-based handling. 3DVC assumes that the objects in the scene are rigid and segmented. By assuming segmentation, we do not address the difficult questions of nonrigid segmentation and multiple object segmentation. In our experiments, segmentation is obtained via depth thresholding. It is important to notice that 3DVC is independent of the segmentation technique adopted. Experimental results with synthetic and real video sequences where compression ratios in the range of 1:150-1:2700 are achieved demonstrate the applicability of the proposed representation to very low bit-rate coding.
ChemInform Abstract: RING‐FORMING DEOXYGENATION OF ORTHO‐SUBSTITUTED AROYLPHOSPHONIC DIESTERS (1977)

Abstract Beim Erhitzen der Phosphonate (I), (III) und (V) in Gegenwart von molaren Mengen Triäthylphosphit erhält man die Cyclisierungsprodukte (II), (IV) und (VI).
Arquitetura e implementação aberta de um sintetizador subtrativo e aditivo para platafroma de baixo custo (2017)

Existem inúmeras técnicas de síntese de áudio utilizadas atualmente em instrumentos musicais profissionais, dentre as quais as mais fundamentais são a síntese aditiva e a síntese subtrativa. A síntese subtrativa se tornou popular e foi muito explorada entre as décadas de 60 e 70 com a criação de módulos analógicos de hardware que podiam ser interconectados, criando o conceito de sintetizador analógico modular. Apesar do uso deste tipo de sintetizador ter diminuído durante as décadas subsequentes, nos últimos anos sua utilização voltou a crescer e diversos modelos deste tipo de instrumento são vendidos atualmente, porém em geral a preços elevados. Sintetizadores digitais também disponibilizam a técnica de síntese subtrativa utilizando componentes eletrônicos customizados e desenvolvidos pelos fabricantes de sintetizadores com o intuito de utilizar avançadas técnicas de processamento de sinais, o que ainda mantém seus preços elevados. Neste trabalho investigamos a hipótese de que é possível desenvolver um instrumento musical funcional e de qualidade com recursos limitados de processamento, e exploramos essa hipótese implementando síntese subtrativa em uma plataforma acessível e de baixo custo. O desenvolvimento é baseado em linguagem orientada a objetos para criação de módulos de software replicando as características dos módulos encontrados em sintetizadores analógicos modulares. Com esta abordagem, obtemos um software modular que pode ser facilmente modificado baseado nas preferências do programador. A implementação foi testada na plataforma Arduino Due, que é uma plataforma de baixo custo e contém um processador 32-bits ARM 84 MHz. Foi possível adicionar osciladores com algoritmo anti-aliasing, filtros, geradores de envelope, módulo de efeito, uma interface MIDI e um teclado externo, obtendo assim um sintetizador subtrativo completo. Além disto, incluímos no desenvolvimento a implementação de um órgão baseado em síntese aditiva, com polifonia completa e inspirado na arquitetura de órgãos clássicos, mostrando a possibilidade de possuir dois importantes e poderosos métodos de síntese em uma plataforma acessível e de baixo custo. Com esta implementação aberta e pública, buscamos contribuir com o movimento maker e faça-você-mesmo, incentivando novos desenvolvimentos nesta área, em especial na computação e engenharia, aumentando o uso e acesso a instrumentos musicais eletrônicos e a criatividade musical.
FIPSER a novel low cost and high performance readout for astrophysics (2016)

We propose a novel readout system FIPSER to record signals from detectors with a fixed pulse shape. The primarily targeted applications, but not the only ones, are the digitization of signals from fast photon detectors, i.e. classical photomultipliers and Silicon photomultipliers in astroparticle and high-energy physics experiments. FIPSER is based on the flash analog to digital converter (FADC) concept but has the potential of significantly lower power consumption and costs. These savings are realized by reducing the number of comparators in FIPSER by at least one order of magnitude when compared to an FADC. In this paper we present first results of a study that investigates the performance of FIPSER in terms of achievable charge and time resolution and compare the results to the Poisson limit, which is often a requirement to be met in experiments.
Robotic salvage retroperitoneal and pelvic lymph node dissection for ‘node‐only’ recurrent prostate cancer: technique and initial series (2016)

The initial series of robot-assisted sRPLND+PLND is presented, wherein we duplicate open surgery with superior nodal counts and decreased morbidity. Robot-assisted technical details for an anatomical LND template up to the renal vessels are presented. Longer follow-up is necessary to assess oncological outcomes.
The Conformation of a Diastereoisomeric Pair of 2,2-Dimethyl-4-phenyl-3-pentanols (1979)

Abstract The conformations of a diastereoisomeric pair of 2,2-dimethyl-4-phenyl-3-pentanols were studied by means of 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, IR, GC, and MS analyses. All of the results point to an unambiguous conclusion that these molecules are present dominantly in conformers where the t-butyl and the phenyl group lie close to each other. The generality of the phenomenon (favored gauche interaction) as well as the nature of the interactions involved were discussed in light of the conformational problems of the structurally related molecules. The presence of an attractive interaction (CH/π interaction) is suggested between an alkyl and a phenyl group, the possible importance of which in some dynamic phenomena (e.g., selectivities in certain reactions) has then been discussed on this basis.
Role of T cell TGF‐β signaling in intestinal cytokine responses and helminthic immune modulation (2009)

Colonization with helminthic parasites induces mucosal regulatory cytokines, like IL-10 or TGF-beta, that are important in suppressing colitis. Helminths induce mucosal T cell IL-10 secretion and regulate lamina propria mononuclear cell (LPMC) Th1 cytokine generation in an IL-10-dependent manner in WT mice. Helminths also stimulate mucosal TGF-beta release. As TGF-beta exerts major regulatory effects on T lymphocytes, we investigated the role of T lymphocyte TGF-beta signaling in helminthic modulation of intestinal immunity. T cell TGF-beta signaling is interrupted in TGF-beta receptor II dominant negative (TGF-betaRII DN) mice by T-cell-specific over-expression of a TGF-betaRII DN. We studied LPMC responses in WT and TGF-betaRII DN mice that were uninfected or colonized with the nematode, Heligmosomoides polygyrus. Our results indicate an essential role of T cell TGF-beta signaling in limiting mucosal Th1 and Th2 responses. Furthermore, we demonstrate that helminthic induction of intestinal T cell IL-10 secretion requires intact T cell TGF-beta-signaling pathway. Helminths fail to curtail robust, dysregulated intestinal Th1 cytokine production and chronic colitis in TGF-betaRII DN mice. Thus, T cell TGF-beta signaling is essential for helminthic stimulation of mucosal IL-10 production, helminthic modulation of intestinal IFN-gamma generation and H. polygyrus-mediated suppression of chronic colitis.
Swampy Lowlands of Melbourne (2023)

This book chapter from In Time With Water: 3 Design Studies of Australian Cities explores changing climatic, environmental and social conditions in the suburbs of Elwood and Arden Macaulay in Melbourne. The method, which first studies the past, present and possible future context of an area, tests multi-purposed, alternative design scenarios towards a water-sensitive city that are embedded in the fine grain of the city.
Rapid and Highly Sensitive Detection of Dopamine Using Conjugated Oxaborole-Based Polymer and Glycopolymer Systems (2017)

A conjugated polymer interface consisting of an oxaborole containing polymer and a glycopolymer was used for achieving very high selectivity in dopamine (DA) detection. The optimum binding affinity between the polymers promotes the selectivity to DA through a displacement mechanism while remaining unaffected by other structurally related analogs and saccharide derivatives. Real-time detection of DA with very high selectivity and sensitivity has been demonstrated by immobilizing the polymer conjugates on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and microcantilever (MCL) sensor platforms. Using the conjugated polymer sensing layer, the SPR biosensor was capable of detecting DA in the concentration range of 1 × 10<sup>-9</sup> to 1 × 10<sup>-4</sup> mol L<sup>-1</sup>, whereas the MCL sensor showed a limit of detection (LOD) of 5 × 10<sup>-11</sup> mol L<sup>-1</sup>. We find that the sensing mechanism is based on DA-induced reversible swelling of the conjugated polymer layer and this allows regeneration and reuse of the sensor multiple times. Also, we conclude that SPR is a suitable sensor platform for DA in-line detection at clinical level considering the detection time and stability, whereas MCL can achieve a much lower LOD.
Novel Modification Method of Sol-Gel Thin Films (1994)

Significant structural changes in silica gel films with synchrotron radiation (SR) and energetic He+ ions have been found. Irradiation with photons in the energy range higher than -8eV and 100-keVHe+ ions induce an increase in refractive index and a decrease in thickness of silica gel films. Fourier transform infrared absorption spectra indicate that irradiation with the photons and the ions reduces the Si-OH content and the average Si-O-Si bridging angle. Electronic excitation with energetic photons is suggested to induce atomic rearrangement which causes densification of silica gel. Structural changes with He+ implantation is also tentatively ascribed to an electronic process. Electronic processes using SR and light ion implantation are anticipated to offer an alternative route to prepare dense thin films derived from sol-gel method.
Active laser radar systems with stochastic electromagnetic beams in turbulent atmosphere (2008)

Propagation of stochastic electromagnetic beams through paraxial ABCD optical systems operating through turbulent atmosphere is investigated with the help of the ABCD matrices and the generalized Huygens-Fresnel integral. In particular, the analytic formula is derived for the cross-spectral density matrix of an electromagnetic Gaussian Schell-model (EGSM) beam. We applied our analysis for the ABCD system with a single lens located on the propagation path, representing, in a particular case, the unfolded double-pass propagation scenario of active laser radar. Through a number of numerical examples we investigated the effect of local turbulence strength and lens' parameters on spectral, coherence and polarization properties of the EGSM beam.
Report of the Working Party on Hybridoma-Derived Monoclonal Antibodies to Platelets (1984)

A registry of 24 hybridoma-derived monoclonal antibodies to platelets is reported along with the deliberations of the Working Party on criteria for inclusion into the registry and nomenclature.
Symmetry Breaking in Anonymous Networks: Characterizations. (1996)

We characterize exactly the cases in which it is possible to elect a leader in an anonymous network of processors by a deterministic algorithm, and we show that for every network there is a weak election algorithm (i.e., if election is impossible all processors detect this fact in a distributed way). 1 Introduction We consider the problem of electing a leader in an anonymous network of processors. More precisely our model is that of a directed graph, with vertices corresponding to processors, and arcs to communication links (we freely interchange symmetric digraphs and undirected graphs). We make no assumption on the structure of the network: selfloops and parallel arcs are allowed. In particular, processors are anonymous: they do not have unique identifiers. We consider both synchronous and asynchronous processor activation models, and models with and without &amp;quot;port awareness&amp;quot; (local names for outgoing and/or for incoming arcs). We consider both unidirectional and bidirectional links. ...
Novel method of differentiating human induced pluripotent stem cells to mature cardiomyocytes via Sfrp2 (2023)

Current methods to generate cardiomyocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSc) utilize broad-spectrum pharmacological inhibitors. These methods give rise to cardiomyocytes which are typically immature. Since we have recently demonstrated that cardiomyogenesis in vitro and in vivo requires Sfrp2, we asked if Sfrp2 would drive differentiation of human iPSc into cardiomyocytes. Indeed, we found that Sfrp2 induced robust cardiac differentiation. Importantly, replacement of broad spectrum pharmacological inhibitors with Sfrp2 gave rise to mature cardiomyocytes as evidenced by their sarcomere structure, electrophysiological profiles, and ability to form gap junctions.
In Situ Determination of the Active Catalyst in Hydrosilylation Reactions Using Highly Reactive Pt(0) Catalyst Precursors (1999)

The mechanism of hydrosilylation using the highly active precatalyst Karstedt's precatalyst (Ptx(MvinylMvinyl)y, MvinylMvinyl = divinyltetramethyldisiloxane) was investigated using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and ultraviolet−visible (UV−vis) spectroscopy. Contrary to previous reports suggesting colloidal catalysts, we find that regardless of the stoichiometric ratio of hydrosilane to olefin, the catalyst is a monomeric platinum compound with silicon and carbon in the first coordination sphere. The platinum end product, however, is a function of the stoichiometry of the reactants. At excess olefin concentration, the platinum end product contains only platinum−carbon bonds, whereas at high hydrosilane concentration, the platinum end product is multinuclear and also contains platinum−silicon bonds. The two end products can interconvert by adding additional aliquots of the stoichiometrically deficient reagent. An explanation of the “oxygen” effect is also given. In the absence of oxygen, hydrosilylation of certain olefins does not occur. Oxygen serves to disrupt multinuclear platinum species that are formed when poorly stabilizing olefins are employed. Finally, we discuss the olefin isomerization reaction that may accompany hydrosilylation of terminal olefins. When the hydrosilylation reaction proceeds slowly due to poorly reactive olefins, the olefin isomerization products become significant. EXAFS analysis of solutions after olefin isomerization has occurred shows the presence of platinum−platinum bonded compounds.
Solid‐state lasers based on inorganic–organic hybrid materials obtained by combined sol–gel polymer technology (2004)

Abstract Sol–gel glass matrices in which organic laser dyes are embedded can be used as the gain medium in solid‐state, continuously tunable lasers. Such lasers are very simple to construct, and potentially very compact and efficient. Unlike the commonly used liquid dye laser systems, solid‐state dye lasers can be made mechanically robust and portable. In this article, the development of sol–gel/dye lasers, including the sol–gel technology, dye properties, and laser operation, is reviewed. In addition, new solid‐state hosts (such as polyurethane/silica ORMOSILs), additional organic dyes (cyanines), and new studies on the stability of the dyes are presented. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Optical modeling of microwave scattering from objects buried in dielectric media with rough surfaces (2002)

If the presence of a buried reflecting plane would enhance or reduce the radar response from a rough interface, still remains not completely understood. Real experiments with airborne ground-penetrating radar are so expensive and complicated that a comprehensive experimental study of microwave scattering from various underground targets in controlled conditions is practically impossible. Under these circumstances optical modeling of microwave scattering processes could take on great significance. Its validity is based on the fact that, according to the general theory of similarity in electrodynamics, all solutions of a wave equation for different frequencies are identical if the geometric and electrodynamic parameters are re-scaled in such a way that all ratios a/sub i///spl lambda/ (a/sub i/ are characteristic geometrical sizes, /spl lambda/ the wavelength) and the complex dielectric constant remains the same. The authors present two optical models of microwave remote sensing processes: (i) scattering from a plane perfectly reflecting object buried in a soil with rough surface, (ii) reflection from soils with different moisture contents.
Methods for classification of nocturnal migratory bird vocalizations using Pseudo Wigner-Ville Transform (2013)

Many species of birds in Americas vocalize during nocturnal migration flights. Acoustic detection and classification of the calls show potential for study of the natural history of these migrant birds. In particular, information about the species' composition and number of birds involved in migration movements may be obtainable through acoustic techniques. Other methods such as radar monitoring may have capability only to assess the number, but not the composition. Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients-Gaussian Mixture Model-based methods (MFCC-GMM), Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients-Hidden Markov Model-based methods (MFCC-HMM) and spectrogram correlation-based methods have been proposed to automate the recognition/classification of the nocturnal flight calls. Here we investigate the choice of Pseudo Wigner-Ville Transform (PWVT) on MFCC-HMM-based classifier and correlation-based classifier performance. We use a collection of recordings of nocturnal flight calls of several species of thrushes and other bird species with similar calls to evaluate and compare classifiers.
An MR compatible robot technology (2004)

Magnetically compatible robots are required to develop haptic interfaces for neuroscience studies and MRI guided robots for minimally invasive interventions. This paper introduces an MR compatible master slave concept using a hydraulic transmission, and presents an operational robot able to work within an MRI/fMRI scanner and acquire images continuously during motion. It describes a magnetically inert actuator using a direct drive to power the hydraulic circuitry and a modular set of position and force/torque sensors that we have developed. These were integrated into a haptic interface prototype with on rotary degree of freedom, which can be used in conjuction with an fMRI. The MR compatibility was confirmed experimentally, and the performances show a manipulation accuracy of a few micrometers over a range of several centimeters, and forces up to several thousand Newton.
Surface Finishing Method Using Plasma Chemical Vaporization Machining for Narrow Channel Walls of X-Ray Crystal Monochromators (2019)

Channel-cut Si crystals are useful optical devices for providing monochromatic X-ray beams with extreme angular stability. Owing to difficulties in the high-precision surface finishing of narrow-channel inner walls of the crystals, typical channel-cut crystals have considerable residual subsurface crystal damage and/or roughness on their channel-wall reflection surfaces that decrease intensity and distort the wavefronts of the reflected X-rays. This paper proposes a high-precision surface finishing method for the narrow-channel inner walls based on plasma chemical vaporization machining, which is a local etching technique using atmospheric-pressure plasma. Cylinder- and nozzle-shaped electrodes were designed for channel widths of more than 5 and 3 mm, respectively. We optimized process conditions for each electrode using commercial Si wafers, and obtained a removal depth of 10 μm with a surface flatness and roughness of less than 1 μm and 1 nmRMS, respectively, which should allow the damaged layers to be fully removed while maintaining the wavefront of coherent X-rays.