gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Motion estimation of ocular fundus images (2002)

Unstable fixation due to involuntary eye movements, poor visual acuity or oculomotor disorder is one of the biggest difficulties in applying noninvasive diagnostic techniques to the human eye in a clinical setting. To address this limitation, the authors have implemented a motion estimation algorithm applicable to fundus image sequences which is based on an affine model of eye movement. A hierarchical coding scheme accommodating various spatial resolutions was used in view of minimizing the processing time and adapting the algorithm to various types of eye movements that may be encountered in patients suffering from different eye diseases. The results suggest that the technique can successfully monitor patient fixation and could be used to disable other measurements or procedures during those time intervals when fixation is not maintained within predetermined limits.
Study on Application of Apriori Algorithm in Data Mining (2010)

With the rapid development of networks and information technology, the endless information has paid more and more attention by people. While in the pursuit of information with high speed, the analysis and mining of the information and rules hidden deep in the data are also paid more emphasis. Data mining technology is to organize and analyze the data, which can extract and discover knowledge from the mass of data, so how to apply the data mining technology into enterprise stock management is the focus of this topic studied. In this paper, combining with data mining theory, Apriori algorithm in association rule mining algorithm is described in detail, the algorithm implementation process is illustrated, and the improved methods of the algorithm are discussed.
Combining backwards wave oscillator and solid state frequency multipliers to extend spectral coverage of electronic sources to 2.2 THz (2011)

The operating frequency range of millimeter wave Backward Wave Oscillators (BWOs) are extended to 2.2 THz using solid state frequency multipliers, enabling continuously tunable, narrow linewidth THz sources across the 0.1-2.2 THz range. Power conversion efficiency of frequency multipliers was improved substantially by optimizing impedance matching between the BWOs, multipliers, and free space. Impedance matching extracts more THz power out of BWOs coupled to frequency multipliers, than is emitted from BWOs radiating into free space.
Reduction of the haemolytic effect in a biologically recognisable β-cyclodextrin (1995)

Abstract β-cyclodextrin derivatives having azido, amino and bioactive galactosylamido spacer functions were tested for haemolytic effect and compared with that of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. The cyclodextrin coupled to the bioactive saccharide galactose via a spacer and which has bio-recognition properties for cell-wall lectin shows an extremely reduced haemolytic effect.
Neural versus difference equation modeling for 2D pattern recognition problems (2002)

The article study compares neural network based models and difference equation based models in 2D pattern recognition of handwritten digits. Pattern classifier models based on two neural network models were implemented using multi-layer feed forward neural networks: single layer perceptron and a multi-layer perceptron with one hidden layer. These two neural network models have nonlinear sigmoidal threshold units. A classifier model based on difference equations with linear weighted sum of all inputs was also implemented. Beside linear inputs, nonlinearities were introduced in all of the models by including products of inputs as new inputs. All models were trained/adjusted and tested using a handwritten digit database composed of a training set of 2360 digits and a testing set of 1320 digits. Each handwritten digit is composed of 15/spl times/23 binary pixels and each pixel is considered as a single input to the classifier. Classifier performance was measured as the correct classification rate on the testing database. Results show that the difference equation model with only linear inputs yielded the worse results (72.4%). Nevertheless, as products among inputs were included as new inputs, the classification performance increased (84.1%), thus exceeding the results of the single-layer perceptron with linear inputs (72.7%). The single-layer perceptron with nonlinear inputs gave an improvement of the classification result to 86.3%. The products among inputs can be interpreted as convolutional filtering over the input image to detect lines in different directions producing an overall improvement in the classification performance of all models.
Similarities in the thermodynamics and kinetics of aggregation of disease‐related Aβ(1–40) peptides (2007)

Increasing evidence indicates that polypeptide aggregation often involves a nucleation and a growth phase, although the relationship between the factors that determine these two phases has not yet been fully clarified. We present here an analysis of several mutations at different sites of the Abeta(1-40) peptide, including those associated with early onset forms of the Alzheimer's disease, which reveals that the effects of specific amino acid substitutions in the sequence of this peptide are strongly modulated by their structural context. Nevertheless, mutations at different positions perturb in a correlated manner the free energies of aggregation as well as the lag times and growth rates. We show that these observations can be rationalized in terms of the intrinsic propensities for aggregation of the Abeta(1-40) sequence, thus suggesting that, in the case of this peptide, the determinants of the thermodynamics and of the nucleation and growth of the aggregates have a similar physicochemical basis.
Q-space Conditioned Translation Networks for Directional Synthesis of Diffusion Weighted Images from Multi-modal Structural MRI (2021)

Current deep learning approaches for diffusion MRI modeling circumvent the need for densely-sampled diffusion-weighted images (DWIs) by directly predicting microstructural indices from sparsely-sampled DWIs. However, they implicitly make unrealistic assumptions of static $q$-space sampling during training and reconstruction. Further, such approaches can restrict downstream usage of variably sampled DWIs for usages including the estimation of microstructural indices or tractography. We propose a generative adversarial translation framework for high-quality DWI synthesis with arbitrary $q$-space sampling given commonly acquired structural images (e.g., B0, T1, T2). Our translation network linearly modulates its internal representations conditioned on continuous $q$-space information, thus removing the need for fixed sampling schemes. Moreover, this approach enables downstream estimation of high-quality microstructural maps from arbitrarily subsampled DWIs, which may be particularly important in cases with sparsely sampled DWIs. Across several recent methodologies, the proposed approach yields improved DWI synthesis accuracy and fidelity with enhanced downstream utility as quantified by the accuracy of scalar microstructure indices estimated from the synthesized images. Code is available at https://github.com/mengweiren/q-space-conditioned-dwi-synthesis.
DNAzymes: Selected for Applications (2018)

Abstract DNA‐based enzymes, also known as deoxyribozymes or DNAzymes, are single‐stranded DNA molecules with catalytic activity. DNAzymes do not exist in nature but can be isolated from random‐sequence DNA pools using in vitro selection. To date, many DNAzymes that collectively catalyze a diverse range of chemical transformations have been reported. Here, examples of new DNAzymes engineered to mimic some intriguing functions of naturally occurring protein‐based enzymes are discussed. This is followed by discussions of recent examples of a particular class of DNAzymes, known as “RNA‐cleaving DNAzymes”, that have been derived specifically so that their activity is strictly dependent on a given chemical or biological stimulus. Some unique ways to employ ligand‐responsive DNAzymes for the design of bioanalytical assays and biosensors are then highlighted. Being DNA molecules, DNAzymes have proven to be entirely compatible with DNA amplification. Several approaches are then discussed, which relay the activity of an analyte‐activated DNAzyme into the production of massive amounts of DNA amplicons, via “rolling circle amplification”, in biosensing applications designed to deliver very high levels of detection sensitivity.
Temperature Insensitive Glass Microring Resonator Add/Drop Filters by Means of a Polymer Overlay (1999)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text S. T. Chu, W. Pan, S. Suzuki, B. E. Little, S. Sato, and Y. Kokubun, "Temperature Insensitive Glass Microring Resonator Add/Drop Filters by Means of a Polymer Overlay," in Integrated Photonics Research, OSA Technical Digest Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1999), paper RMF6. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
ChemInform Abstract: Thiophosphates and Selenophosphates as Tools in the Construction of Carbon—Carbon Double Bond. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Attenuation of Protein Adsorption on Static and Oscillating Magnetostrictive Nanowires (2005)

The research described here investigates the hypothesis that nanoarchitecture contained in a nanowire array is capable of attenuating the adverse host response generated when medical devices are implanted in the body. This adverse host response, or biofouling, generates an avascular fibrous mass transfer barrier between the device and the analyte of interest, disabling the implant if it is a sensor. Numerous studies have indicated that surface chemistry and architecture modulate the host response. These findings led us to hypothesize that nanostructured surfaces will inhibit the formation of an avascular fibrous capsule significantly. We are investigating whether arrays of oscillating magnetostrictive nanowires can prevent protein adsorption. Magnetostrictive nanowires were fabricated by electroplating a ferromagnetic metal alloy into the pores of a nanoporous alumina template. The ferromagnetic nanowires are made to oscillate by oscillating the magnetic field surrounding the wires. Radiolabeled bovine serum albumin, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and other protein assays were used to study protein adhesion on the nanowire arrays. These results display a reduced protein adsorption per surface area of static nanowires. Comparing the surfaces, 14-30% of the protein that absorbed on the flat surface adsorbed on the nanowires. Our contact angle measurements indicate that the attenuation of protein on the nanowire surface might be due to the increased hydrophilicity of the nanostructured surface compared to a flat surface of the same material. We oscillated the magnetostrictive wires by placing them in a 38 G 10 Hz oscillating magnetic field. The oscillating nanowires show a further reduction in protein adhesion where only 7-67% of the protein on the static wires was measured on the oscillating nanowires. By varying the viscosity of the fluid the nanowires are oscillated in, we determined that protein detachment is shear-stress modulated. We created a high shearing fluid with dextran, which reduced protein adsorption on the oscillating nanowires by 70% over nanowires oscillating in baseline viscosity fluid. Our preliminary studies strongly suggest that the architecture in the static nanowire arrays and the shear created by oscillating the nanowire arrays would attenuate the biofouling response in vivo.
Effect of nominal composition on the superconductivity inLa2CuO4−y (1987)

Samples of ${\mathrm{La}}_{2}$Cu${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ prepared with a nominal stoichiometry slightly deficient in lanthanum (i.e., ${\mathrm{La}}_{1.9}$Cu${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$) show a greater diamagnetic susceptibility and a sharper resistive transition than samples prepared from stoichiometric amounts of starting materials. The effect of adding ${\mathrm{K}}_{2}$C${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ to the reaction mixture is also discussed.
Development of enabling technologies for regional residual biomass valorization in a context of circular economy (2021)

International audience
Redox Activation of a Polyaniline-Coated Cantilever: An Electro-Driven Microdevice Parts of this research are supported by The Israel Ministry of Science and the Israel Science Foundation. M. Lahav gratefully acknowledges the support of The Clore Israel Foundation Scholars Programme. (2001)

Durch Oxidation verbogen! Ein mit Polyanilin (PAn, blau) beschichteter Cantilever (Blattfeder) eines Rasterkraftmikroskops wurde zum elektronisch gesteuerten Mikrohebel umfunktioniert – die reversible Oxidation des Polymers führt zu einer ebenso reversiblen Verbiegung des Cantilevers (siehe schematische Darstellung). Diese ist auf die elektrostatische Abstoßung der positiv geladenen Polymerketten zurückzuführen (PAn2+, grün). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.angewandte.com or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
No Mixing of Superconductivity and Antiferromagnetism in a High‐Temperature Superconductor. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Front Matter: Volume 8361 (2012)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 8361, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, and the Conference Committee listing.© (2012) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Delivery, substantivity and clinical response of a direct application percarbonate tooth whitening film. (2003)

In the substantivity study, 84.7% of the subject teeth surfaces were covered on average with the blue pigment-containing film immediately after application. Following overnight use, excellent retention was demonstrated as 77.4% of the initially covered surfaces still had pigment-containing film on them. These means did not differ significantly (P > 0.44). In the clinical efficacy study, there was significant (P < 0.0001) color improvement versus baseline after 2 weeks of treatment as measured by a mean (SD) delta b* of -1.71 (0.85) and mean (SD) delta L* of 1.62 (0.68). The product was well-tolerated, with the primary adverse events being oral irritation (13%) and tooth sensitivity (6%). No participants discontinued product use because of a product-related adverse event.
The 22q11 deletion syndromes (2000)

DiGeorge syndrome, velocardiofacial syndrome and various other malformations have been described in association with deletions and translocations involving human chromosome 22q11. Many of the structural malformations observed are also seen in animal models of neural crest disruption suggesting that the haplo-insufficiency resulting from the deletion somehow affects this group of cells or their interactions. Over the past few years it has been shown that the deletion predisposes to a range of psychotic conditions prompting the hypothesis that the deleted region may contain a predisposition locus for psychotic illness. The DiGeorge chromosomal region has been entirely sequenced and many of the genes mapping to the deletion interval have been studied in some detail. Despite these efforts, no gene has yet been proved to play a defined role in the pathogenesis of the syndrome. Current efforts are directed at the study of engineered chromosome mouse models which offer the potential to dissect at least some of the developmental pathways disrupted in this intriguing group of malformation syndromes.
Integrated MTOS Circuits for Color TV Applications (1968)

A complete color processing circuitry has been designed using integrated Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor techniques. The primary objectives in this work are 1) Show feasibility of integrated circuit MTOS for this application 2) Establish design rules enabling circuit designer to utilize this technology, allowing sufficient flexibility of design and 3) Show potential for cost savings over established tube and/or bipolar transistor approaches by considering the total systems cost. The evolved design uses four MTOS chips to perform the following functions: 1. Chroma-Burst Separator-Amp-Keyer-Color Killer. 2. Color Demodulator 3. Color Matrix 4. Color Synchronization
Abstract PR01: Mitochondrial lactate metabolism in M2 macrophage polarization and ACL-dependent histone acetylation (2020)

Abstract Tumor-associated macrophages polarized to an M2 phenotype (M2-TAMs) promote neo-angiogenesis, tumor-stromal matrix remodeling, and immuno-evasion which, collectively, contribute to immunotherapeutic resistance and reduced cancer patient survival. Therefore, identifying dominant mechanisms that drive TAM polarization is needed to better understand M2-TAM biology and to identify more clinically efficacious TAM-directed immunotherapies. Highly glycolytic “Warburg” cancer cells produce lactate that independently drives naïve M0→immunosuppressive M2 (M0→M2) macrophage polarization, but the mechanism(s) have not been fully elucidated. Metabolic-epigenetic links are increasingly being recognized as driving macrophage polarization. Because M0→M2 polarization induces metabolic reprogramming resulting in reduced glycolysis and increased mitochondrial metabolism/tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity we asked whether extracellular, tumor-derived lactate provides substrates for epigenetic modifications via the mitochondrial TCA cycle. Using a combination of gene expression assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and 13C-lactate isotope tracing metabolomics, we now show that macrophages undergoing M0→M2 polarization metabolize extracellular lactate to indirectly fuel ATP citrate lyase (ACL)-dependent histone acetylation. Specifically, our data shows that M2 macrophages incorporate exogenous lactate into the TCA cycle as pyruvate, which is then converted to citrate and exported for nucleo-cytoplasmic cleavage by ACL to generate acetyl-CoA necessary for histone acetylation. Inhibition of pyruvate import into the mitochondria or loss/inhibition of ACL attenuates lactate-induced M2 gene promoter histone acetylation, M2-specific gene expression and immunosuppressive effector functions. Importantly, the defects observed in lactate-dependent histone acetylation and M2 gene expression following loss/ inhibition of ACL or mitochondrial pyruvate uptake is fully reversed with exogenous acetate. In summary, these studies identify a novel functional role for extracellular lactate as a bona fide mitochondrial metabolite and indirect substrate for histone acetylation necessary to drive M2 TAM polarization. These results increase our understanding of the important metabolic relationship between lactate production/accumulation in “Warburg-like” tumor microenvironments and the resulting pro-tumorigenic properties of tumor infiltrating macrophages. Citation Format: Jordan T. Noe, Beatriz E. Rendon, Eun J. Kim, Samantha M. Morrissey, Anne E. Geller, Lindsey R. Conroy, Lyndsay E. Young, Ronald C. Bruntz, Hayley Affronti, Brian F. Clem, Jun Yan, Kathryn E. Wellen, Ramon C. Sun, Robert A. Mitchell. Mitochondrial lactate metabolism in M2 macrophage polarization and ACL-dependent histone acetylation [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Special Virtual Conference on Epigenetics and Metabolism; October 15-16, 2020; 2020 Oct 15-16. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(23 Suppl):Abstract nr PR01.
Identification of the amino acid residues responsible for cold tolerance in Flaveria brownii pyruvate,orthophosphate dikinase (1997)

© 1997 Federation of European Biochemical Societies.
A novel technique for the solution of second-order difference equations (2001)

The class of second-order difference equations that arise in the diffraction of a plane wave at skew incidence on an impedance wedge is investigated. For a typical equation which was solved by the introduction of elliptic integrals, it is shown that the solution can be obtained in a very trivial manner from a convolution-type integral equation and the results are in complete agreement with those previously found.
Workshop on Thermal Shock of Ceramics: Summary of Proceedings held at Naval Surface Weapons Center, White Oak Laboratory 19-20 December 1977, (1977)

A workshop on thermal shock behavior of ceramic materials was held on December 19 and 20, 1977. Experts in the area discussed several aspects of thermal shock of ceramics, including theory and analysis, applications limitations and thermal shock test methods. In addition to 18 abstracts, a summary of the main points presented or discussed during this meeting is included in this report. A number of gaps in understanding of thermal shock behavior of ceramics and specific recommendations on how to overcome them are identified. (Author)
<title>Design and demonstration of an optical field programmable gate array</title> (2001)

The design, demonstration and evaluation of a general purpose, field programmable smart pixel based photonic information processing system is presented. This novel architecture incorporates photoreceiver cells into a field programmable gate array (FPGA). Implemented with a photonic VLSI technology the device is suitable for prototyping photonic information processing systems. We report here on the photoreceiver design methodology and measure device performance.
Interpreting Compound Noun Phrases Using Web Search Queries (2015)

A weakly-supervised method is applied to anonymized queries to extract lexical interpretations of compound noun phrases (e.g., "fortune 500 companies"). The interpretations explain the subsuming role ("listed in") that modifiers (fortune 500) play relative to heads (companies) within the noun phrases. Experimental results over evaluation sets of noun phrases from multiple sources demonstrate that interpretations extracted from queries have encouraging coverage and precision. The top interpretation extracted is deemed relevant for more than 70% of the noun phrases.
[Is the process of localized lysosomal exocytosis responsible for the cytolytic action of killer T-lymphocytes?]. (1979)

In this paper, we formulate the hypothesis that in the process of target cell lysis a lysosomal enzyme regurgitation, performed by killer cells at the level of the target effector junction, accounts for the target lesion which precedes the lysis (lethal hit). This process of exocytosis, similar to the one described previously in polymorphonuclear neutrophils is supported by cytological studies performed directly on identified killers isolated by micromanipulation. Light and electron microscopy observations confirm a previous report which describes the effector cells rich in lysosomal bodies. In addition, when a killer cell is associated with a target cell to form a conjugate, lysosomes are concentrated near the cell junction and, after incubation at 37 degrees C, acid phosphatases may be detected at the junction. Lysosomal enzyme exocytosis explains why target lysis needs an effector target binding to occur and also the other conditions required for any exocytosis process such as Ca++ in the medium, integrity of the microtubular apparatus, a low level of cyclic AMP and energy dependancy.