gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bortezomib for the treatment of multiple myeloma patients (2009)

This paper presents a summary of the evidence review group (ERG) report into the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of bortezomib for the treatment of multiple myeloma patients at first relapse and beyond, in accordance with the licensed indication, based upon the evidence submission from Ortho Biotech to the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) as part of the single technology appraisal (STA) process. The outcomes stated in the manufacturer's definition of the decision problem were time to disease progression, response rate, survival and quality of life. The literature searches for clinical and cost-effectiveness studies were adequate and the one randomised controlled trial (RCT) included was of reasonable quality. Results from the RCT suggest that bortezomib increases survival and time to disease progression compared with high-dose dexamethasone (HDD) in multiple myeloma patients who have had a relapse after one to three treatments. Cost-effectiveness analysis based on the same trial and an observational study was reasonable and gave an estimated cost per life-year gained of 30,750 pounds, which ranged from 27,957 pounds to 36,747 pounds on sensitivity analysis. An attempt was made to replicate the results of the manufacturer's model and to compare the results to the Kaplan-Meier survival curve presented in the manufacturer's submission. In addition, a one-way sensitivity analysis and a probabilistic sensitivity analysis were undertaken, as well as additional scenario analyses. Based on these analyses the ERG suggests that the cost-effectiveness results presented in the manufacturer's submission may underestimate the cost per life-year gained for bortezomib therapy (versus high-dose dexamethasone) when potential UK practice and scenarios are considered. The guidance issued by NICE in June 2006 as a result of the STA states that bortezomib monotherapy for the treatment of relapsed multiple myeloma is clinically effective compared with HDD but has not been shown to be cost-effective and is not recommended for the treatment of progressive multiple myeloma in patients who have received at least one previous therapy and who have undergone, or are unsuitable for, bone marrow transplantation.
Wilson protein expression, copper excretion and sweat production in sweat glands of Wilson disease patients and controls (2008)

Wilson patients show a reduced sweat production with unaltered sweat copper concentration. The Wilson protein might play an important role in physiological sweat production.
Apports de mutants d’Arabidopsis thaliana affectés dans la voie de biosynthèse du KDO à la compréhension de la fonction du rhamnogalacturonane II (2008)

National audience
Automatic Structuring of Radiology Free-Text Reports (2001)

A natural language processor was developed that automatically structures the important medical information (eg, the existence, properties, location, and diagnostic interpretation of findings) contained in a radiology free-text document as a formal information model that can be interpreted by a computer program. The input to the system is a free-text report from a radiologic study. The system requires no reporting style changes on the part of the radiologist. Statistical and machine learning methods are used extensively throughout the system. A graphical user interface has been developed that allows the creation of hand-tagged training examples. Various aspects of the difficult problem of implementing an automated structured reporting system have been addressed, and the relevant technology is progressing well. Extensible Markup Language is emerging as the preferred syntactic standard for representing and distributing these structured reports within a clinical environment. Early successes hold out hope that similar statistically based models of language will allow deep understanding of textual reports. The success of these statistical methods will depend on the availability of large numbers of high-quality training examples for each radiologic subdomain. The acceptability of automated structured reporting systems will ultimately depend on the results of comprehensive evaluations.
Closed-loop adaptive control for electrostatically driven torsional micromirrors (2005)

We demonstrate a closed-loop adaptive control scheme for achieving accurate positioning and trajectory tracking of an electrostatically driven torsional micromirror. Compared to the conventional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, the proposed adaptive self-tuning controller has advantages of on-line compensating parameter variations and model uncertainty of the torsional micromirror, resulting from fabrication imperfections. Numerical simulation results utilizing MATLAB indicate that the proposed adaptive controller has a better transient response and can more precisely follow the reference trajectory, compared to the PID control scheme. The torsional micromirror is designed and successfully fabricated using surface micromachining processes. Real-time experimental results demonstrate that the proposed adaptive control is feasible and can improve the performance of the micromirror.
Abstract 1285A: Erythropoietin can cancelchemo-resistances viadown regulation of ABC transporters (2019)

Introduction: Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein cytokine which stimulates red blood cell production (erythropoiesis) in the bone marrow. The receptor of it (EPOR) was reported to exist on the cancer cellular membrane: more than 85% cancer cell expresses EPOR. Several reports suggested to play an important role for cancer cellular growth, however, the role of EPOR in cancer cells is not confirmed. The authors have studied the cancer cellular porphyrin accumulation, metabolism and excretion to clear the pathogenetic mechanism which involved the high concentration of porphyrins. The authors found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) accelerate both the cancer cellular porphyrin accumulation and the effect of photodynamic therapy. However, we cannot confirm which substrate is a key of signal transduction. EPO has been known used to be up-regulated at the metabolic acidosis via the stabilization of HIF-1α, a nuclear factor. Since HIF-1α can be stabilized by not only acidosis but also the high concentration of nitric oxide (NO), NO rich cancer cells may involve EPOR. Moreover, the purpose of EPO-EPOR system is likely to survive the hypoxic condition, it may keep intracellular heme/ porphyrins. The authors’ hypothesis is EPO-EPOR system in cancer cells may down-regulate ABCG2 which excretes heme/ porphyrins, and several anti-cancer drugs. Moreover, if so, the excretion of several anti-cancer chemo reagents should be inhibited to involve more effective chemotherapy.Methods: To prove these possibilities, the authors carry out following experiments with gastric and colorectal cancer cells. The existence of EPOR, the amount of ABC transporters (B1, C5, G2) after the recombinant EPO (rEPO) exposure (dose dependency and time dependency) were analyzed by western blotting. Cytotoxicity of anti-cancer drugs with or without rEPO was measured with the Cell Counting Kit-8.Result: (1) EPOR existed in each cell line used in this study. (2) rEPO treatment involved down regulation of ABC transporters (B1, C5, G2) in dose dependently. (3) ABCG2 expression decreased until 24 hours after rEPO treatment. However, its expression re-increased 48 hours after treatment. (4) The 24 hours pretreatment of EPO significantly increased the effect of doxorubicin, paclitaxel, irrinotecan, cisplatin, 5-FU and oxaliplatin even in chemo-resistant cells.Conclusions: rEPO accelerates the effect of anti-cancer drugs via the down regulation of ABC transporters.Citation Format: Hirofumi Matsui, Hiromi Kurokawa. Erythropoietin can cancelchemo-resistances viadown regulation of ABC transporters [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1285A.
A Generic and Extensible Framework for Monitoring Energy Consumption of OpenStack Clouds (2014)

Although cloud computing has been transformational to the IT industry, it is built on large data centres that often consume massive amounts of electrical power. Efforts have been made to reduce the energy clouds consume, with certain data centres now approaching a Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) factor of 1.08. While this is an incredible mark, it also means that the IT infrastructure accounts for a large part of the power consumed by a data centre. Hence, means to monitor and analyse how energy is spent have never been so crucial. Such monitoring is required not only for understanding how power is consumed, but also for assessing the impact of energy management policies. In this article, we draw lessons from experience on monitoring large-scale systems and introduce an energy monitoring software framework called Kilo Watt API (KWAPI), able to handle Open-Stack clouds. The framework - whose architecture is scalable, extensible, and completely integrated into Open Stack - supports several wattmeter devices, multiple measurement formats, and minimises communication overhead.
Systematic Investigation of Gettering Effects on 4th Row Element Impurities in Si by Dopant Atoms (2009)

The gettering of 4th row element impurities (K, Ca, 3d transition metals, and Zn) in Si crystals by dopant atoms was systematically investigated by first‐principles calculation through evaluation of the diffusion barrier and the binding energy. The dopant atoms considered include p‐type dopants (B), n‐type dopants (P, As, Sb), or light elements (C, O). It was found that (1) the diffusion barrier of impurity atoms decreases with an increase in their atomic number up to Ni, (2) B atom becomes an efficient gettering center for metals except for Ni, (3) most of the metals except for Fe and Co cannot be gettered by n‐type dopants, and (4) C and O atoms alone do not become efficient gettering centers for the metals used in actual LSI processes. The vacancy V c and n‐type dopant complexes (P V c , As V c , Sb V c ) can be efficient gettering centers for Cu in n/n+ epitaxial wafers.
Automated Alarm System for Diaper Wet Using GSM (2014)

Wearing a wet diaper for prolonged periods, cause diaper rash. This paper presents an automated alarm system for Diaper wet. The design system using an advanced RF transceiver and GSM system to sound an alarm on the detection of moisture in the diaper to alert the intended person to change the diaper. A wet diaper detector comprises an elongated pair of spaced fine conductors which form the wet sensor. The sensor is positioned between the layers of a diaper in a region subject to wetness. The detector and RF transmitter are adapted to be easily coupled to the protruding end of the elongated sensor. When the diaper is wet the resistance between the spaced conductors falls below a pre-established value. Consequently, the detector and RF transmitter sends a signal to the RF receiver and the GSM to produce the require alarm. When the diaper is changed, the detector unit is decoupled from the pressing studs for reuse and the conductor is discarded along with the soiled diaper. Our experimental tests show that the designed system perfectly produces the intended alarm and can be adjusted for different level of wet if needed.
Ultra Thin Poly-Si Nanosheet Junctionless Field-Effect Transistor with Nickel Silicide Contact (2017)

This study demonstrated an ultra thin poly-Si junctionless nanosheet field-effect transistor (JL NS-FET) with nickel silicide contact. For the nickel silicide film, two-step annealing and a Ti capping layer were adopted to form an ultra thin uniform nickel silicide film with low sheet resistance (Rs). The JL NS-FET with nickel silicide contact exhibited favorable electrical properties, including a high driving current (>10⁷A), subthreshold slope (186 mV/dec.), and low parasitic resistance. In addition, this study compared the electrical characteristics of JL NS-FETs with and without nickel silicide contact.
A system model for feedback control and analysis of yield: A multistep process model of effective gate length, poly line width, and IV parameters (2001)

We present a large system model capable of producing Pareto charts for several yield metrics, including effective channel length, poly line width, I/sub on/ and I/sub sub/. These Pareto charts enable us to target specific processes for improvement of the yield metric(s). Our neural network model has an accuracy of 80% and can be trained with a small data set to minimize the feedback time in the control loop for the yield. The system we describe has been implemented in a Lucent Technologies microelectronics lab in Orlando, FL.
Age‐related variation in immunity in a wild mammal population (2011)

Age-related changes in immunity are well documented in humans and laboratory mammals. Using blood samples collected from wild Soay sheep, we show that pronounced differences in T-cell subsets and inflammatory markers amongst age classes are also evident under natural conditions. These shifts parallel those observed in mammals experiencing protected environments. We found progressive declines in the proportion of naïve CD4 T cells with age, a precipitous drop in γδ T cells after the second year of life and an increase in acute phase protein levels amongst geriatric sheep. Our findings suggest immune aging patterns observed in laboratory and domestic mammals may generalize to more complex, challenging environments and could have fitness costs under natural conditions.
Accounting best practices (2000)

Preface. Chapter 1. Introduction. Chapter 2. How to Use Best Practices. Chapter 3. Accounts Payable Best Practices. Chapter 4. Billing Best Practices. Chapter 5. Budgeting Best Practices. Chapter 6. Cash Management Best Practices. Chapter 7. Collections Best Practices. Chapter 8. Commissions Best Practices. Chapter 9. Costing Best Practices. Chapter 10. Filing Best Practices. Chapter 11. Finance Best Practices. Chapter 12. Financial Statements Best Practices. Chapter 13. General Best Practices. Chapter 14. General Ledger Best Practices. Chapter 15. Internal Auditing Best Practices. Chapter 16. Inventory Best Practices. Chapter 17. Payroll Best Practices. Appendix A: Summary of Best Practices. Index.
Selectivity and kinetics of the catalytic multiphase hydrodehalogenation of halo-aromatics (2000)

Poster no. 165
AN EMPIRICAL RELATION FOR CRITICAL LOAD OF DLC COATINGS PREPARED ON SILICON SUBSTRATES (2002)

The adhesion, of a coating to the underlying substrate, in terms of critical load (using scratch test) is complex and is a function of many parameters such as coating thickness, interfacial stress, coefficient of friction, intermixing, hardness, structural parameters, etc. The present study examines the relationship of critical load to other properties such as film thickness, compressive stress, coefficient of friction, etc. of diamond-like carbon coatings prepared under floating condition (no substrate bias), on silicon substrates. The results show that the compressive stress increases with increasing thickness. However, the adhesive strength in terms of critical load increases with increasing the film thickness up to a certain value and then it decreases. The decrease in critical load with thickness of the films is due to the dominant effect of compressive stress. In order to obtain the parameters that affect the adhesion, a factor analysis has been carried out on the experimental data using SPSS — a statistical software package. Thickness, stress, and critical load emerged as one of the factors and hence it suggests that thickness and stress are two primary parameters that affect adhesion. None of the parameters of Raman study were emerged in the factor analysis along with critical load and thickness. This suggests that the variation of the sp 3 -bonded carbon with thickness is relatively small and that may not have any direct impact on the adhesion. In this case, stress shows a strong linear relationship with thickness. Moreover, it is not an operational parameter. Hence inclusion of stress in the model becomes unnecessary. Therefore, an empirical relation has been obtained for critical load as a function of thickness.
A1C predicts type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in a population at risk: the community diabetes prevention project (2009)

Baseline A1C>=5.8% was a significant predictor of IGT/T2DM within 5 years in a population at high risk for T2DM. A1C is routinely performed among patients with diabetes, however these data and other evidence suggest that it may also be a useful tool for risk assessment and screening.
Mag-B (2014)

This project describes the installation of an interactive sand work, plus a workshop to create a device called 'Mag-B', which presents a tactile experience using an interactive magnetic display. We have developed a multi-display by using tactile and visual electromagnetic interaction as a power source for tactile presentation. The goal of this project is to create and experience interaction technology and tactile expression, and facilitate the understanding of haptic communication through a workshop. This workshop developed from an earlier electronic work created in 2010. This paper describes the development of both an interactive tactile display and the Mag-B workshop (Figure 1).
Crystal Structures of CH2 = CHCH2OC(O)CH2CH2SnCl3.OPPh3 and BuOC(O)CH(CH3)CH2SnCl3.OPPh3 (1993)

Abstract The crystal structures of the title compounds, CH 2 CHCH 2 OC(O)CH 2 CH 2 SnCl 3 .OPPh 3 1 and BuOC(O)CH(CH 3 )CH 2 SnCl 3 .OPPh 3 2 , have been determined. The Sn atom in each structure exists in a distorted octahedral geometry defined by three CI atoms, the C and O atoms of a chelating alkoxycarbonylalkyl group and an O atom derived from the strongly attached OPPh 3 ligand.
CT-Funktionsaufnahmen des Larynx und Hypopharynx (1989)

Ten healthy volunteers and sixty-four patients with various abnormalities of the hypopharynx and larynx were examined by CT in different functional stages in order to study the normal anatomy and the diagnostic value of CT. CT images during quiet respiration are best for showing small glottic carcinomas. To demonstrate, or exclude, fixation of the vocal cords, it is important to obtain images during "E" phonation. Images during "E" phonation, or during Valsalva's manoeuvre, are essential for demonstrating small carcinomas of the hypopharynx and should be obtained in these cases. These images are also helpful in studying functional abnormalities from paralyses of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, trauma of the larynx and laryngoceles. Images during "E" phonation should therefore be obtained in addition to those during quiet respiration as part of the standard examination of the hypopharynx and larynx.
Diffusion welding of Al-Sn alloy in the atmosphere. (1992)

Effects of Sn or/and Mg addition on the diffusion weldability of aluminum alloy were investigated. The welding treatment was carried out in the temperature range from 573 to 873K for 1.8, 3.6 and 7.2ks under the pressure of 1, 2 and 4MPa in the atmosphere, respectively. The liquid Sn containing Mg filled the interface and prevented the interface from an attack of the air which oxidized the surfaces of specimens. Mg in the liquid Sn reduced a part of the oxidation film at the interface. Both Sn and Mg addition showed the almost same shear strength as that of AI-Mg alloy, which was remarkably higher than that obtained by the single addition of Sn.
Assessing the Impact of Management Strategies on Water Use Efficiency Using Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Models (2012)

Studies on water use efficiency (WUE) have primarily dealt with crops grown under water limited conditions and have usually not considered crop management factors other than irrigation. Improvements in crop management strategies, such as supplemental irrigation, proper fertilizer use, plant population and row-spacing, and new cultivars, attempt to minimize a crop exposure to soil water deficits. Under these circumstances, factors other than water supply can become limiting and production related to evaporation may not be a useful approach. Crop simulation models like CERES and SALUS have proven capability to provide reasonable estimates of each evaporation component as affected by management. Using simulated transpiration to estimate growth through transpiration efficiency, or simulated growth to estimate transpiration has major limitations when management influences yield and water supply is fixed or non-limiting. The microenvironment in sparse canopies strongly influences transpiration and soil evaporation due to large possible variations in sensible heat arising from variations in wetness of the soil surface. Crop growth is related to photosynthesis and plant development rates and is influenced primarily by intercepted photosynthetically active radiation whereas evaporation is influenced by a wider spectrum of energy. Factors related to management such as plant population and nutrient supply influences biomass production but has less influence on evaporation rates. Our analysis of published data and simulation studies indicates the use of simulated transpiration to estimate growth, or growth simulations to estimate transpiration is an unreasonable approach when management influences yield and water supply is fixed or not-limiting.
Superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MR imaging: pulse sequence optimization for detection of liver cancer. (1989)

The effects of magnetic resonance (MR) pulse sequences and timing parameters on tumor-liver contrast were studied in an animal model of metastatic liver cancer. Six spin-echo (SE), three inversion-recovery (IR), and four gradient-echo (GRE) sequences were evaluated at 0.6 T before and after injection of super-paramagnetic iron oxide. GRE techniques, irrespective of echo time and flip angle, showed the greatest change in signal intensity (enhancement) of the liver after administration of iron oxide. Single-acquisition GRE sequences (16 seconds) matched the contrast-to-noise ratio (C/N) performance of the most effective 6.4-minute SE sequences. Multiexcitation GRE sequences showed tumor-liver C/Ns per unit time that were significantly (P less than .05) higher than those achieved with SE and IR sequences. GRE sequences, which recruit intravoxel dephasing as an additional source of transverse relaxation enhancement (T2*), show a higher C/N per unit time and in this respect seem superior to SE and IR sequences for MR imaging with superparamagnetic iron oxide.
Takotsubo syndrome is a coronary microvascular disease: experimental evidence (2023)

Abnormalities in flow regulation between the LV apex and base cause TTS. When perfusion is normalized between the two regions, normal ventricular function is restored.
Role of video capsule endoscopy in patients with constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) syndrome: report from the International CMMRD Consortium (2018)

Digestive Disease Week 2017 and World Congress of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition 2016.