gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In-situ light measurement in heterogeneous gain media (2021)

We demonstrate the feasibility of using a metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor (MOSCAP) junction to monitor light inside the gain section of heterogeneous lasers/amplifiers.
A dynamic interplay of enhancer elements regulates Klf4 expression in naïve pluripotency (2017)

Transcription factor (TF)-directed enhanceosome assembly constitutes a fundamental regulatory mechanism driving spatiotemporal gene expression programs during animal development. Despite decades of study, we know little about the dynamics or order of events animating TF assembly at <i>cis</i>-regulatory elements in living cells and the long-range molecular "dialog" between enhancers and promoters. Here, combining genetic, genomic, and imaging approaches, we characterize a complex long-range enhancer cluster governing <i>Krüppel-like factor 4</i> (<i>Klf4</i>) expression in naïve pluripotency. Genome editing by CRISPR/Cas9 revealed that OCT4 and SOX2 safeguard an accessible chromatin neighborhood to assist the binding of other TFs/cofactors to the enhancer. Single-molecule live-cell imaging uncovered that two naïve pluripotency TFs, STAT3 and ESRRB, interrogate chromatin in a highly dynamic manner, in which SOX2 promotes ESRRB target search and chromatin-binding dynamics through a direct protein-tethering mechanism. Together, our results support a highly dynamic yet intrinsically ordered enhanceosome assembly to maintain the finely balanced transcription program underlying naïve pluripotency.
Spatial-temporal dynamics and recurrence of chikungunya virus in Brazil (2022)

Abstract Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an Aedes mosquito-borne virus that has caused explosive epidemics linked to acute, chronic, and severe clinical outcomes. Since 2014, Brazil has had the highest number of chikungunya fever (CHIKF) cases in the Americas. Here, we report and contextualize the spatiotemporal dynamic of CHIKF in Brazil and combine genomic, epidemiological, and vector analyses to investigate CHIKF recurrence in several Brazilian states. From 2013 to 2022, CHIKV caused seven epidemic waves across Brazil, affecting 59.5% (3,316 of 5,570) of the country’s municipalities. To date, Ceará State in the northeast has been the most affected, with 81,274 cases during the two largest epidemic waves in 2016 and 2017, and the ongoing third wave in 2022. The 2022 CHIKF recurrence was associated with a new introduction of an East/Central/South African strain. Also, the CHIKV recurrences in Ceará, Tocantins, and Pernambuco States were limited to municipalities with few or no prior reported cases in the previous epidemic waves, suggesting that spatial heterogeneity of CHIKV spread and population immunity may explain the recurrence pattern in the country. In addition, the population density metrics of main CHIKV vector in Brazil, Ae. aegypti , were not correlated spatially with locations of CHIKF recurrence in Ceará and Tocantins States. Also, we show that CHIKF disproportionally affected females, and we estimated the case-fatality ratio in Ceará at ∼1.3 deaths per 1,000 cases. These findings more comprehensively describe CHIKV epidemics in Brazil and contribute to understanding CHIKF recurrence in urban settings. Overall, this information may help guide public health policy to mitigate and reduce the burden of urban arboviruses.
Nanopartikulär geprägte Polymere für die größenselektive Erkennung von Nanopartikeln (2013)

Abstract Citrat‐stabilisierte Goldnanopartikel von 15 und 33 nm Durchmesser wurden durch Langmuir‐Blodgett‐Transfer bei pH 5 gleichzeitig mit einer Monolage positiv geladenen Polyanilins auf einen Träger aus leitfähigem Indium‐dotiertem Zinnoxid (ITO) übertragen. Filme aus 1–3 Lagen Polyanilin mit 1–3 nm Dicke wurden hergestellt und durch Rasterelektronenmikroskopie (SEM), Rasterkraftmikroskopie (AFM) sowie Röntgenphotoelektronenspektroskopie charakterisiert. Nach Elektrooxidation der Goldnanopartikel in 0.1 M KCl blieben Kavitäten im Film zurück, die durch SEM analysiert werden konnten. Diese Kavitäten waren in der Lage, Analytnanopartikel aus einer Lösung bei pH 10 wieder einzufangen, und zeigten dabei Größenausschlussverhalten. Die Menge der durch die Kavitäten aufgenommenen Nanopartikel war leicht durch die Ladung zu analysieren, die mit der Elektrooxidation dieser Partikel in 0.1 M KCl nach Waschen mit Wasser assoziiert war. Die Größenausschlusseigenschaften verbesserten sich mit der Zahl der übertragenen Langmuir‐Blodgett‐Lagen.
ER-dependent membrane repair of mycobacteria-induced vacuole damage (2023)

Abstract Several intracellular pathogens, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, damage endomembranes to access the cytosol and subvert innate immune responses. The host counteracts endomembrane damage by recruiting repair machineries that retain the pathogen inside the vacuole. Here, we show that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi protein oxysterol binding protein (OSBP) and its Dictyostelium discoideum homologue OSBP8 are recruited to the Mycobacterium -containing vacuole (MCV) after ESX-1-dependent membrane damage. Lack of OSBP8 causes a hyperaccumulation of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) on the MCV and decreased cell viability. OSBP8-depleted cells had reduced lysosomal and degradative capabilities of their vacuoles that favoured mycobacterial growth. In agreement with a function of OSBP8 in membrane repair, human macrophages infected with M. tuberculosis recruited OSBP in an ESX-1 dependent manner. These findings identified an ER-dependent repair mechanism for restoring MCVs in which OSBP8 functions to equilibrate PI4P levels on damaged membranes. Importance Tuberculosis still remains a global burden and is one of the top infectious diseases from a single pathogen. Mycobacterium tuberculosis , the causative agent, has perfected many ways to replicate and persist within its host. While mycobacteria induce vacuole damage to evade the toxic environment and eventually escape into the cytosol, the host recruits repair machineries to restore the MCV membrane. However, how lipids are delivered for membrane repair is poorly understood. Using advanced fluorescence imaging and volumetric correlative approaches, we demonstrate that this involves the recruitment of the ER-Golgi lipid transfer protein OSBP8 in the D. discoideum / M. marinum system. Strikingly, depletion of OSBP8 affects lysosomal function accelerating mycobacterial growth. This indicates that an ER-dependent repair pathway constitutes a host defence mechanism against intracellular pathogens such as M. tuberculosis .
Efficacy of intermittent therapy in growth hormone-deficient children (1994)

Eighty-six growth hormone-deficient children treated with extractive growth hormone were transferred to recombinant growth hormone (rGH): 57 children were transferred directly to rGH, but 29 experienced a 9.7 +/- 1-month pause in growth hormone administration. The retrospective analysis of growth from 1 year before to 1 year after initiation of rGH showed that the interruption of growth hormone administration did not modify the final height gain. During the 2 years, children with continuous therapy gained 12.2 +/- 0.5 cm with a cumulative growth hormone dose of 43 +/- 3 U/kg, while those who paused gained 12.1 +/- 0.3 cm with a cumulative growth hormone dose of only 24 +/- 2 U/kg (p < 0.0005). As expected, during the year preceding the onset of rGH, the children who paused gained less height than those treated continuously, but grew more rapidly during the first year of rGH administration. This was due to an important re-acceleration of growth rate at re-initiation of therapy after the pause. Our observation suggests that regimens of discontinuous rGH administration could be as efficient as continuous treatment. If confirmed in prospective randomized trials, this could have important consequences for improving the clinical efficiency of a given dose of rGH, as well as for the patient's comfort, secondary effects and cost of therapy.
The Study and Design on Data Security System of E-government Intranet (2010)

To deal with the data security problems in the storage system for the E-government intranet, an integrated data security defense system, which incorporates information isolation, access control, virus detection, content filtering, real time backup and rapid information retrieval, has been designed and implemented. The result on trial displays that this system can ensure the data security of storage system for E-government intranet, with few side effects on the I/O performance of the network.
HLA loci predisposing to immune TTP in Japanese: potential role of the shared ADAMTS13 peptide bound to different HLA-DR (2020)

Abstract Immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is a rare autoimmune disorder caused by neutralizing anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies. In white individuals, HLA allele DRB1*11 is a predisposing factor for iTTP, whereas DRB1*04 is a protective factor. However, the role of HLA in Asians is unclear. In this study, we analyzed 10 HLA loci using next-generation sequencing in 52 Japanese patients with iTTP, and the allele frequency in the iTTP group was compared with that in a Japanese control group. We identified the following HLA alleles as predisposing factors for iTTP in the Japanese population: DRB1*08:03 (odds ratio [OR], 3.06; corrected P [Pc] = .005), DRB3/4/5*blank (OR, 2.3; Pc = .007), DQA1*01:03 (OR, 2.25; Pc = .006), and DQB1*06:01 (OR,: 2.41; Pc = .003). The estimated haplotype consisting of these 4 alleles was significantly more frequent in the iTTP group than in the control group (30.8% vs 6.0%; Pc &amp;lt; .001). DRB1*15:01 and DRB5*01:01 were weak protective factors for iTTP (OR, 0.23; Pc = .076; and OR, 0.23, Pc = .034, respectively). On the other hand, DRB1*11 and DRB1*04 were not associated with iTTP in the Japanese. These findings indicated that predisposing and protective factors for iTTP differ between Japanese and white individuals. HLA-DR molecules encoded by DRB1*08:03 and DRB1*11:01 have different peptide-binding motifs, but interestingly, bound to the shared ADAMTS13 peptide in an in silico prediction model.
On Exponential Ergodicity of Multiclass Queueing Networks (2006)

One of the key performance measures in queueing systems is the exponential decay rate of the steady-state tail probabilities of the queue lengths. It is known that if a corresponding fluid model is stable and the stochastic primitives have finite moments, then the queue lengths also have finite moments, so that the tail probability \pr(\cdot &gt;s) decays faster than s^{-n} for any n. It is natural to conjecture that the decay rate is in fact exponential. In this paper an example is constructed to demonstrate that this conjecture is false. For a specific stationary policy applied to a network with exponentially distributed interarrival and service times it is shown that the corresponding fluid limit model is stable, but the tail probability for the buffer length decays slower than s^{-\log s}.
Performance of an adaptive space-time processing receiver for the user terminal of 3G WCDMA systems under COST 259 channel models (2003)

This paper presents an adaptive multi-target space-time architecture for downlink receivers in the user terminal of WCDMA systems under soft handoff. The receiver consists of M antennas and K array processors, each one followed by a chip-rate equalizer and a despreader. The resulting signals from these K branches are combined in an adaptive ratio combiner which is updated by the common channel information in UTRA FDD systems. When a large number of antennas is used each array processor is able to collect a given target ray and filter out all the others. On the other hand, when only a small number of antennas is used, due to cost or physical limitation, the chip-rate equalizers try to eliminate the residual interchip interference that strongly affects receiver performance. In both cases an efficient coherent receiver is obtained that exploits the space and time diversity in the incoming signal at the user terminal. All the signal structure of the FDD WCDMA downlink signal is exploited for improved performance. Simulation results using COST-259 channel models for vehicle speed of 50 km/h are compared with results obtained for a difficult hypothetical fixed channel condition.
Ca2+ Binding to Troponin C in Skinned Skeletal Muscle Fibers Assessed with Caged Ca2+ and a Ca2+ Fluorophore (1997)

Ca2+ sensitivity of tension varies with sarcomere length in both skeletal and cardiac muscles. One possible explanation for this effect is that the Ca2+ affinity of the regulatory protein troponin C decreases when sarcomere length is reduced. To examine length dependence of Ca2+ binding to troponin C in skeletal muscle, we developed a protocol to simultaneously monitor changes in sarcomere length, tension, and Ca2+ concentration following flash photolysis of caged Ca2+. In this protocol, [Ca2+] was rapidly increased by flash photolysis of caged Ca2+, and changes in [Ca2+] due to photolysis and the subsequent binding to troponin C were assessed using a Ca2+ fluorophore. Small bundles of fibers from rabbit skinned psoas muscles were loaded with Ca2+ fluorophore (Fluo-3) and caged Ca2+ (dimethoxynitrophenamine or o-nitrophenyl-EGTA). The bundles were then transferred to silicone oil, where [Ca2+]free, tension, and sarcomere length were monitored before and after photolysis of caged Ca2+. Upon photolysis of caged Ca2+, fluorescence increased and then decayed to a new steady-state level within approximately 1 s, while tension increased to a new steady-state level within approximately 1.5 s. After extracting troponin C, fibers did not generate tension following the flash, but steady-state post-flash fluorescence was significantly greater than when troponin C was present. The difference in [Ca2+]free represents the amount of Ca2+ bound to troponin C. In fibers that were troponin C-replete, Ca2+ binding to troponin C did not differ at short (approximately 1.97 microm) and long (approximately 2.51 microm) sarcomere length, yet tension was approximately 50% greater at the long sarcomere length. These results show that the affinity of troponin C for Ca2+ is not altered by changes in sarcomere length, indicating that length-dependent changes in Ca2+ sensitivity of tension in skeletal muscle are not related to length-dependent changes in Ca2+ binding affinity of troponin C.
Emulsion-templated flexible epoxy foams (2021)

Flexible epoxy foams were successfully prepared by curing medium internal phase emulsions (MIPEs) with a continuous organic phase containing epoxy resin and hardener, surfactant and carbon nanotubes and an aqueous internal phase. Curing the MIPEs at ambient temperature resulted in interconnected polyepoxide foams with average pore size of about 10 μm, while curing the MIPEs (with carbon nanotubes as a thickening agent) at 50 °C resulted in epoxy foams with pore sizes of one magnitude higher. The polyepoxide foams were compressible up to a strain of 70% of their original height and did not fracture. The polyepoxide foams were resilient with energy loss coefficients ranging from 40% to 60%, representing their energy adsorption during cyclic loading.
An intent-based network virtualization platform for SDN (2016)

Currently, the Software Defined Networking (SDN) paradigm has attracted significant interests from industry and academia as a future network architecture. SDN brings many benefits to network operations and management including programmability, agility, elasticity, and flexibility. With SDN and OpenFlow, one of the promising SDN protocols, software defined Network Virtualization (NV) techniques can be designed and implemented via flow table segmentation to provision independent virtual networks (VNs). In this paper, we propose an intent based virtual network management platform based on software defined NV. The objective of the proposed NV platform is to automate the management and configuration of virtual networks based on high level tenant requirement specifications, called intents. The design and implementation of the platform is based on ONOS, an open-source SDN controller, and OpenVirteX, a network hypervisor. The platform is designed to provide multiple VNs over the same physical infrastructure to multiple tenants.
Analytical Transport Network Theory for Onsager, Coupled Flows: Part 2—Network-Scale Modeling of Linear, Electrokinetic Flow (2020)

Abstract The analytical transport network (ATN) model was developed to study transport through heterogeneous and hierarchical microstructural networks. Here, ATN is extended to electrokinetic flow, a linear, coupled flow that satisfies Onsager’s reciprocity relations. In Part 1, a channel-scale model was developed to describe electrokinetic flow through a channel of arbitrary morphology. In Part 2, we exploit the computational economy of the channel-scale model to develop an efficient network-scale model of electrokinetic flow in large, geometrically complex material structures. The corresponding algorithm for applying the theory to voxel-based, three-dimensional (3D) images is automated and computationally efficient. In addition, it provides a means for rapidly obtaining a structure’s tortuosity factor from a 3D image. We outline the manner in which morphology and topology exerts an additional influence on electrokinetic flow relative to pure conduction and viscous fluid flow. The effort represents an important initial step in extending the ATN approach to a broader range of linear and eventually nonlinear coupled flow phenomena. The extension is relevant to a number of technological fields, including emerging energy conversion and storage technologies.
Mining Retail Transaction Data for Targeting Customers with Headroom - A Case Study (2009)

Abstract We outline a method to model customer behavior from retail transaction data. In particular, we focus on the problem of recommending relevant products to consumers. Addressing this problem of filling holes in the baskets of consumers is a fundamental aspect for the success of targeted promotion programs. Another important aspect is the identification of customers who are most likely to spend significantly and whose potential spending ability is not being fully realized. We discuss how to identify such customers with headroom and describe how relevant product categories can be recommended. The data consisted of individual transactions collected over a span of 16 months from a leading retail chain. The method is based on Singular Value Decomposition and can generate significant value for retailers. 1
Adaptive optimization in the Jalapeno JVM (2011)

Future high-performance virtual machines will improve performance through sophisticated online feedback-directed optimizations. This paper presents the architecture of the Jalapeno Adaptive Optimization System, a system to support leading-edge virtual machine technology and enable ongoing research on online feedback-directed optimizations. We describe the extensible system architecture, based on a federation of threads with asynchronous communication. We present an implementation of the general architecture that supports adaptive multi-level optimization based purely on statistical sampling. We empirically demonstrate that this profiling technique has low overhead and can improve startup and steady-state performance, even without the presence of online feedback-directed optimizations. The paper also describes and evaluates an online feedback-directed inlining optimization based on statistical edge sampling. The system is written completely in Java, applying the described techniques not only to application code and standard libraries, but also to the virtual machine itself.
Transition through triaxial shapes of the light samarium isotopes and the beta decay of136,138,140Eu (1987)

Levels in $^{136}$,138,140Sm were populated by the beta decay of Eu, following (HI,pxn) reactions and on-line mass separation. The beta decay of $^{136}\mathrm{Eu}$ with a half-life of 3.9(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5) s was observed for the first time. Members of the \ensuremath{\gamma} band were observed in all three daughter nuclei. Spectroscopic calculations were made using the triaxial rotor model, with all parameters derived microscopically from a Woods-Saxon deformed shell model. Other spectroscopic models were also considered. Comparison with the data supports the characterization of these nuclei in terms of a triaxial intrinsic shape.
3-D segmentation of MR brain images using seeded region growing (2002)

A simple yet accurate method for segmenting magnetic resonance (MR) brain images has been implemented. The semi-automatic technique carries out region growing in all three dimensions guided by initial seed points. Seed voxels may be specified interactively with a mouse or automatically through the selection of intensity thresholds. The 3-D seeded region growing (3-D SRG) algorithm offers significant advantages for MR brain segmentation, particularly in terms of speed and flexibility.
Scintigraphic Studies in Rats: Kinetics of Insulin Analogues Covering Wide Range of Receptor Affinities (1991)

Whole-body kinetics of 123I-labeled human insulin and five insulin analogues were investigated by scintigraphic studies in rats. The amino acid substitutions and the relative receptor affinities (RAs), determined by binding to HepG2 cells, were: GluB12, des-B30 insulin, RA 0.15%; AspB9, GluB27 insulin, RA 18%; AspB26 insulin, RA 80%; AspB18 insulin, RA 327%; and HisA8, HisB4, GluB10, HisB27 insulin, RA 687%. All analogues were compared with human insulin (RA 100%). The analogue with RA 0.15% showed a significantly slower disappearance in the heart window, no liver uptake, and the greatest kidney radioactivity, the latter probably caused by high plasma concentrations. The low-affinity analogue (RA 18%) reached a surprisingly high hepatic peak value, although significantly lower than insulin. Kidney radioactivity was higher than for insulin. The analogue with RA 80% showed liver and kidney radioactivities that were not significantly different from those of insulin. The two high-affinity analogues (RAs 327 and 687%) showed peak liver radioactivities not significantly different from insulin. However, liver radioactivity after the peaks declined significantly more slowly. Compared with insulin, the kidney radioactivity curves were not significantly different. We conclude that high-affinity insulin analogues will bind to any available receptor that, because of the large number of receptors in the periphery and the distribution of cardiac output, favors extrahepatic elimination. In contrast, low-affinity analogues bind to receptors several times before they are eliminated. This leads to recirculation and, thus, hepatic elimination due to the high receptor density there. It follows that hepatopreferential binding cannot be expected solely by use of an insulin analogue with a particular receptor affinity.
Comparative Study of Different Parts ofWedelia paludosaby Gas Chromatography (2000)

Abstract Wedelia paludosa is frequently employed in popular medicine to treat several diseases. This work describes a comparative study of different parts (stems, leaves, flowers and roots) of this plant. The results showed that kaurenoic acid, the main active compound present in this plant, is located in all parts, but it is more concentrated in roots and stems. Such results could be useful in the development of a suitable method of standardization of the extracts of this plant and their phytopreparations. Key Words: Wedelia paludosa gas chromatographykaurenoic acid.