gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimization of CSF biological investigations for CNS lymphoma diagnosis (2019)

Abstract Diagnosis of lymphoma leptomeningeal dissemination is challenging and relies on a wide array of methods. So far, no consensus biological guidelines are available. This increases the chance of intra‐ and interpractice variations, despite the shared concern to perform the minimum amount of tests while preserving clinically relevant results.We evaluated a training cohort of 371 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with putative lymphomatous central nervous system (CNS) localization using conventional cytology (CC), flow cytometry (FCM), molecular clonality assesment by PCR and cytokine quantification (CQ). This led us to propose a biological algorithm, which was then verified on a validation cohort of 197 samples. The samples were classified according to the clinical context and the results of each technique were compared. Using all four techniques was not useful for exclusion diagnosis of CNS lymphoma (CNSL), but they proved complementary for cases with suspected CNSL. This was particularly true for CQ in primary CNSL. Overall, diagnosis can be obtained with a two‐step approach. The first step comprises CC and FCM, as results are available quickly and FCM is a sensitive method. Both PCR and CQ can be postponed and performed in a second step, depending on the results from the first step and the clinical context.The proposed algorithm missed none of the CNSL samples of the validation cohort. Moreover, applying this algorithm would have spared 30% of PCR tests and 20% of CQ over a one‐year period, without compromising clinical management.
A PROPOSED BENCHMARK PROBLEM FOR SCATTER CALCULATIONS IN RADIOGRAPHIC MODELLING (2009)

Code Validation is a permanent concern in computer modelling, and has been addressed repeatedly in eddy current and ultrasonic modeling. A good benchmark problem is sufficiently simple to be taken into account by various codes without strong requirements on geometry representation capabilities, focuses on few or even a single aspect of the problem at hand to facilitate interpretation and to avoid that compound errors compensate themselves, yields a quantitative result and is experimentally accessible. In this paper we attempt to address code validation for one aspect of radiographic modeling, the scattered radiation prediction. Many NDT applications can not neglect scattered radiation, and the scatter calculation thus is important to faithfully simulate the inspection situation. Our benchmark problem covers the wall thickness range of 10 to 50 mm for single wall inspections, with energies ranging from 100 to 500 keV in the first stage, and up to 1 MeV with wall thicknesses up to 70 mm in the extended stage. A simple plate geometry is sufficient for this purpose, and the scatter data is compared on a photon level, without a film model, which allows for comparisons with reference codes like MCNP. We compare results of three Monte Carlo codes (McRay, Sindbad and Moderato) as well as an analytical first order scattering code (VXI), and confront them to results obtained with MCNP. The comparison with an analytical scatter model provides insights into the application domain where this kind of approach can successfully replace Monte‐Carlo calculations.
FPGA implementation of principal component regression (PCR) for real-time differentiation of dopamine from interferents (2015)

This paper reports on field-programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation of a digital signal processing (DSP) unit for real-time processing of neurochemical data obtained by fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) at a carbonfiber microelectrode (CFM). The DSP unit comprises a decimation filter and two embedded processors to process the FSCV data obtained by an oversampling recording front-end and differentiate the target analyte from interferents in real time with a chemometrics algorithm using principal component regression (PCR). Interfaced with an integrated, FSCV-sensing front-end, the DSP unit successfully resolves the dopamine response from that of pH change and background-current drift, two common dopamine interferents, in flow injection analysis involving bolus injection of mixed solutions, as well as in biological tests involving electrically evoked, transient dopamine release in the forebrain of an anesthetized rat.
Smart Novel Semi-Active Tuned Mass Damper for Fixed-Bottom and Floating Offshore Wind (2016)

The intention of this paper is to present the results of a novel smart semi-active tuned mass damper (SA-TMD), which mitigates unwanted loads for both fixed-bottom and floating offshore wind systems. The paper will focus on the most challenging water depths for both fixed-bottom and floating systems. A close to 38m Monopile and 55m Tension Leg Platform (TLP) will be considered. A technical development and trade-off analysis will be presented comparing the new system with existing passive non-linear TMD (N-TMD) technology and semi-active. The SA-TMD works passively and activates itself with low power source under unwanted dynamic loading in less than 60msec. It is composed of both variable stiffness and damping elements coupled to a central pendulum mass. The analysis has been done numerically in both FAST (NREL) and Orcaflex (Orcina), and integrated in the Wind Turbine system employing CAD/CAE. The results of this work will pave the way for experimental testing to complete the technology qualification process. The load reductions under extreme and fatigue cases reach up significant levels at tower base, consequently reducing LCOE for fixed-bottom to floating wind solutions. The nacelle acceleration is reduced substantially under severe random wind and sea states, reducing the risks of failure of electromechanical components and blades at the rotor nacelle assembly. The SA-TMD system is a new technology that has not been applied previously in wind solutions. Structural damping devices aim to increase offshore wind turbine system robustness and reliability, which eases multiple substructures installations and global stability. The paper is part of the US Department of Energy grant # DE-EE0005494.
The anatomy of diving waves (1994)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1994The anatomy of diving wavesAuthors: Franklyn K. LevinConsultantFranklyn K. LevinWestern Geophysicalhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822838 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822838FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1994ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1994 Pages: 1679 publication data© 1994 Copyright © 1994 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Franklyn K. Levin, (1994), "The anatomy of diving waves," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1561-1563. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822838 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
The glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 immunoglobulin G subclass profile differs between adult-onset type 1 diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) up to 3 years after clinical onset (2009)

Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GADA) are found frequently in patients with autoimmune diabetes. Immunoglobulin (Ig)G(1) is the most frequent subclass among the GADA IgG subclasses. IgG(4) is a more common subclass in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) at clinical onset compared to type 1 diabetes. The aim of this work was to study the different GADA-IgG subclass profiles during a 3-year follow-up in these groups of autoimmune diabetes. Adult-onset subjects, classified as either type 1 (n = 40) or LADA (n = 43), were included in the study. New samples were collected every year from these patients. In addition to conventional GADA analyses, GADA-IgG subclasses were also analysed with a radioimmunoprecipitation assay using biotin-conjugated antibodies (directed against human IgG subclasses and IgM) and streptavidin Sepharose. During 3 years' follow-up, all the IgG subclass levels decreased in type 1 diabetes - IgG(1): P < 0.001; IgG(2): P < 0.001; IgG(3): P < 0.001; IgG(4): P < 0.05 (Friedman's' test) - while levels remained stable for all four subclasses in LADA. GADA IgM, however, decreased in both groups (P < 0.001). Patients with LADA have higher GADA IgG(3) and IgG(4) at clinical onset and seem to maintain the levels and profile of their IgG subclasses up to 3 years after clinical onset, while all the GADA IgG subclass levels decrease in type 1 diabetic patients. This indicates a persistent different immune response in LADA compared to type 1 diabetes and further indicates the difference in pathogenesis.
Prenatal Diagnosis of 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia by Simultaneous Radioimmunoassay of 21-Deoxycortisol and 17-Hydroxyprogesterone in Amniotic Fluid (1988)

Amniotic fluid levels of 21-deoxycortisol (21-DOF) and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) were measured in 49 pregnancies, including 31 pregnancies at risk for CAH. The results were compared with those obtained by HLA typing and linkage analysis to a HLA DNA probe. The mean amniotic fluid levels in the control pregnancies were 0.28 nmol/L for 21-DOF and 4.1 nmol/L for 17-OHP. The levels were similar in early and midpregnancy for 21-DOF (0.29 vs. 0.27 nmol/L) and 17-OHP (3.4 vs. 4.2 nmol/L). The amniotic fluid 21-DOF level was 1.75 nmol/L in affected pregnancies, significantly higher than in the control pregnancies (mean, 0.28 nmol/L). The mean amniotic fluid 17-OHP level in the affected pregnancies (30.5 nmol/L) also was significantly higher than that in the control pregnancies (4.10 nmol/L). Simultaneous measurement of 21-DOF and 17-OHP levels in amniotic fluid from 10-18 weeks of gestation can be used for early diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Ganglioside GD1alpha functions in the adhesion of metastatic tumor cells to endothelial cells of the target tissue. (1997)

We studied the role of glycosphingolipids expressed on the cell surfaces of a metastatic tumor cell line. Glycosphingolipid compositions of the low-metastatic murine lymphosarcoma cell line RAW117-P and its sub-line, RAW117-H10, which shows higher metastatic potential for the liver than P cells, were compared. Both types of cells had LacCer, Gg3Cer, and Gg4Cer as the major neutral glycosphingolipids and GM1b and GD1alpha as the gangliosides. There are differences in glycosphingolipid contents, the neutral glycosphingolipid contents in the parental cells being 1.5-fold higher than that in the variant ones. In contrast, the level of GD1alpha in H10 cells was twice as much as that in the P cells; however, the expression of other gangliosides was down-regulated. On the basis of the results of glycosphingolipid analysis, we investigated the functional role of GD1alpha in H10 cells in the adhesion of the tumor cells to the target tissue by using hepatic sinusoidal endothelial (HSE) cells. GD1alpha and GM1b inhibited the adhesion when HSE cells were incubated prior to coculture with the tumor cells. This inhibitory effect by GD1alpha and GM1b was observed within 30 min after addition of H10 cells to HSE cells and was dose dependent. GD1alpha showed a higher inhibitory effect on the adhesion than GM1b, whereas other glycosphingolipids showed no inhibitory effect. Anti-GD1alpha monoclonal antibody also inhibited the adhesion between the H10 and HSE cells. When cultured without fetal bovine serum for 30 min in a various glycosphingolipids-coated dish for bacterial culture, HSE cells adhered to the area coated with GD1alpha but not to areas coated with other glycosphingolipids. HSE cell adhesion depended on the amount of GD1alpha coated on the plate. These data indicate that GD1alpha functions as an adhesion molecule in the process of metastasis of H10 cells.
Chemistry of Abrasive Action (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of Abrasive ActionLoring CoesCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1955, 47, 12, 2493–2494Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1955https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50552a036RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (347 KB) Get e-Alerts
Beyond Gaussian Statistical Modeling in Geophysical Data Assimilation (2010)

Abstract This review discusses recent advances in geophysical data assimilation beyond Gaussian statistical modeling, in the fields of meteorology, oceanography, as well as atmospheric chemistry. The non-Gaussian features are stressed rather than the nonlinearity of the dynamical models, although both aspects are entangled. Ideas recently proposed to deal with these non-Gaussian issues, in order to improve the state or parameter estimation, are emphasized. The general Bayesian solution to the estimation problem and the techniques to solve it are first presented, as well as the obstacles that hinder their use in high-dimensional and complex systems. Approximations to the Bayesian solution relying on Gaussian, or on second-order moment closure, have been wholly adopted in geophysical data assimilation (e.g., Kalman filters and quadratic variational solutions). Yet, nonlinear and non-Gaussian effects remain. They essentially originate in the nonlinear models and in the non-Gaussian priors. How these effects are handled within algorithms based on Gaussian assumptions is then described. Statistical tools that can diagnose them and measure deviations from Gaussianity are recalled. The following advanced techniques that seek to handle the estimation problem beyond Gaussianity are reviewed: maximum entropy filter, Gaussian anamorphosis, non-Gaussian priors, particle filter with an ensemble Kalman filter as a proposal distribution, maximum entropy on the mean, or strictly Bayesian inferences for large linear models, etc. Several ideas are illustrated with recent or original examples that possess some features of high-dimensional systems. Many of the new approaches are well understood only in special cases and have difficulties that remain to be circumvented. Some of the suggested approaches are quite promising, and sometimes already successful for moderately large though specific geophysical applications. Hints are given as to where progress might come from.
Shipworm bioerosion of lithic substrates in a freshwater setting, Abatan River, Philippines: Ichnologic, paleoenvironmental and biogeomorphical implications (2019)

Teredinid bivalves, commonly referred to as shipworms, are known for their propensity to inhabit, bioerode, and digest woody substrates across a range of brackish and fully marine settings. Shipworm body fossils and/or their borings, which are most allied with the ichnotaxon Teredolites longissimus, are found in wood preserved in sedimentary sequences ranging in age from Early Cretaceous to Recent and traditionally they have been regarded as evidence of marginal marine or marine depositional environments. Recent studies associated with the Philippine Mollusk Symbiont International Collaboration Biodiversity Group (PMS-ICBG) expedition on the island of Bohol, Philippines, have identified a new shipworm taxon (Lithoredo abatanica) that is responsible for macrobioerosion of a moderately indurated Neogene foraminiferal packstone cropping out along a freshwater reach of the Abatan River. In the process of drilling into and ingesting the limestone, these shipworms produce elongate borings that expand in diameter very gradually toward distal termini, exhibit sinuous or highly contorted axes and circular transverse outlines, and are lined along most of their length by a calcite tube. Given their strong resemblance to T. longissimus produced in wood but their unusual occurrence in a lithic substrate, these shipworm borings can be regarded as incipient Gastrochaenolites or, alternatively, as Apectoichnus. The alternate names reflect that the borings provide a testbed for ideas of the appropriateness of substrate as an ichnotaxobasis. The discovery of previously unrecognized shipworm borings in lithic substrates and the co-occurrence of another shipworm (Nausitora) in submerged logs in the same freshwater setting have implications for interpreting depositional conditions based on fossil teredinids or their ichnofossils. Of equal significance, the Abatan River study demonstrates that macrobioerosion in freshwater systems may be just as important as it is in marine systems with regard to habitat creation and landscape development. L. abatanica serve as ecosystems engineers in the sense that networks of their abandoned borings provide habitats for a variety of nestling invertebrates, and associated bioerosion undoubtedly enhances rates of mechanical and chemical degradation, thus influencing the Abatan River profile.
ChemInform Abstract: Low‐Valent Zirconocene‐Mediated Cyclization of γ,δ‐Unsaturated Oximes. (2010)

Abstract Treatment of γ,δ‐unsaturated syn oximes bearing an N‐methoxy group with low‐valent zirconocene prepared by Negishi′s procedure results in cyclization to dihydropyrazoles.
Pulsed heating of semiconductors (1984)

A new approach in temperature calculations for a semiconductor wafer subjected to pulsed heating with intense light is developed. The heating processes are distinguished as adiabatic (< 10−6s), thermal flux (10−6 to 10−2s) and heat balance (>10−2s) whereas the last includes transient and steady-state (isothermal) phases. Thermal flux and heat balance regimes being the most practically important ones are analysed in detail for Si, Ge, GaAs, InSb heated with ruby laser, xenon and halogen lamp rediation. Temperature profiles as well as their time evolution are numerically calculated for semiconductor wafers 200 to 800 μm of thick exposed to an energy density of 5 to 150 J/cm2 in the millisecond range and a power density of 5 to 65 W/cm2 in the pulse duration interval of seconds. [Russian Text Ignored].
Chemically decorated microalgae for environmental application (2022)

The presence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in different natural matrices and consequent toxic effects represent a public health issue. Due to their bioaccumulation, they have negative effects on different living organisms, including humans. Here we report a preliminary investigation of suitability of a microalgae-based technique for the bioremediation of marine sediment and water column. Phaeodactylum tricornutum, a model benthic diatom is tested for removal of different biphenyl molecules from sea water solutions. Moreover, cells are individually modified with a polydopamine coating, to enhance both their resistance in harsh environmental conditions and the capability of remediation to hydrophobic pollutants.
122 GHz low-noise-amplifier in sige technology (2009)

The paper presents two types of 122 GHz low-noise-amplifiers (LNA) fabricated in SiGe BiCMOS technology. The amplifier design takes advantage of a novel transmission line structure with thick metal ground-shield on top of the MMIC. The circuit is a two-stage cascode topology utilizing transmission lines for input, output and inter-stage matching. The amplifiers are designed for high gain, minimum noise figure and low power consumption. Measurements show a gain of 13.5 dB and a noise figure of 9.6 dB at 122 GHz. The power consumption is 52 mW from a 3.5 Volt supply. The other version of the LNA with transformer coupling to the output instead of capacitive coupling has slightly lower gain. The amplifier is intended for the use in ISM-band radar and communication systems, wide-band communication systems and in radar imaging systems.
Solubility of Fullerene C60and C70in Toluene, o-Xylene and Carbon Disulfide at Various Temperatures (1997)

Abstract The solubilities of fullerene C60 and C70 in toluene, o-xylene and carbon disulfide between the melting point and boiling point of the solvents, respectively, have been measured. The temperature dependent solubility of C60 displays anomalous behaviors. A solubility maximum of C60 around 0 °C for toluene and carbon sulfide and around 30 °C for o-xylene was observed. The temperature-dependent solubility of C70 behaves normally for all the three solvents studied.
Structure and Immune Recognition of the Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Spike Protein (2020)

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an alphacoronavirus responsible for an enteric infection in pigs. This pathogen is highly transmissible and especially lethal to neonatal piglets with mortalities approaching 100%. PEDV has a global prevalence and represents a significant economic burden in losses to the pork industry. Coronaviruses enter cells using their spike proteins to bind to host receptors and mediate the fusion of virus and host membranes and release viral genomic material into infected cells. As the major protein on the surface of virions, the PEDV spike protein is also a key target for the host antibody response and a good candidate for a protein-based vaccine immunogen. We used single-particle electron microscopy to evaluate the PEDV spike structure, as well as pig polyclonal antibody responses to viral infection. The cryo-electron microscopy structure of the PEDV spike determined to 3.5 reveals a domain configuration similar to that of HuCoV-NL63. In the structure determined here, the PEDV S1 domain 0 lies adjacent to the S2 fusion machinery in contrast to a previously determined PEDV spike structure. We further determined that this alternate conformation is not a result of differing recombinant expression systems or glycosylation patterns. Several PEDV spike domain interfaces are mediated by non-protein components including a glycan at Asn264 and two bound palmitoleic acid molecules. To examine the spike polyclonal antibody response to PEDV infection, we isolated spikes bound to polyclonal Fab and performed negative-stain electron microscopy. Extensive sorting of Fab-bound particles shows a predominance of epitopes in the spike S1 region. This includes an epitope to S1 receptor binding domains as well as a known neutralizing epitope on S1 subdomains both of which are convergent responses across three independent porcine sera samples. This structural and immune characterization provides new insights into coronavirus spike stability determinants and explores the immune landscape of viral spike proteins.
Adenovirus E4orf6 oncoprotein modulates the function of the p53-related protein, p73 (1998)

Recently, several proteins have been identified that are related in their sequence to the p53 tumor-suppressor protein. One of these proteins, which is termed p73, exhibits sequence homology to the p53 transcriptional activation, DNA binding, and oligomerization domains. The adenovirus E1B 55-kDa protein, the adenovirus E4orf6 protein, and SV40 T antigen each can bind to p53 and inhibit p53 function. Here we demonstrate that the adenovirus E4orf6 protein, but not the E1B 55-kDa protein or T antigen, interacts with p73. The E4orf6 protein inhibits p73-mediated transcriptional activation and cell killing in a manner similar to its effect on p53. Thus, only a subset of viral oncoproteins that antagonize p53 function also interacts with the related p73 protein.