gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Properties of Plant-Oil-Based Epoxy Acrylate-Like Resins for UV-Curable Coatings (2020)

Novel oil-based epoxy acrylate (EA)-like prepolymers were synthesized via the ring-opening reaction of epoxidized plant oils with a new unsaturated carboxyl acid precursor (MAAMA) synthesized by reacting maleic anhydride (MA) with methallyl alcohol (MAA). Since the employed epoxidized oils including epoxidized soybean oil (ESO), epoxidized rubber seed oil (ERSO), and epoxidized wilsoniana seed oil (EWSO) possessed epoxy values of 7.34-4.38%, the obtained epoxy acrylate (EA)-like prepolymers (MMESO, MMERSO, and MMEWSO) indicated a C=C functionality of 7.81-4.40 per triglyceride. Furthermore, effects of the C=C functionality and the addition of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) diluent on the ultimate properties of the resulting UV-cured EA-like materials were investigated and compared with those of commercially available acrylated ESO (AESO) resins. As the C=C functionality increased, the storage modulus at 25 °C (<i>E'</i><sub>25</sub>), glass transition temperature (<i>T</i><sub>g</sub>), 5% weight-loss temperature (<i>T</i><sub>5</sub>), tensile strength and modulus (<i>σ</i> and <i>E</i>), and hardness of the coating for both the pure EA and EA/HEMA resins increased significantly as well. These properties indicated similar trends when comparing the EA materials with 30% of HEMA with those pure EA materials. Specially, although ERSO had a clearly lower epoxy value that ESO, both the UV-cured pure MMERSO and MMERSO/HEMA materials showed much better <i>E'</i><sub>25</sub>, <i>T</i><sub>g</sub>, <i>σ</i>, and <i>E</i> than their AESO counterparts, indicating that the MAAMA modification of epoxidized plant oils was much more effective than the modification of acrylic acid to achieve high-performance oil-based epoxy acrylate resins.
Coupled systolic-ventricular and vascular stiffening with age (1998)

Arterial stiffening with age is matched by ventricular systolic stiffening even without hypertrophy. The two effects contribute to elevating systolic pressure sensitivity to altered chamber filling. In addition to recognized baroreflex and autonomic dysfunction with age, combined stiffening could further enhance pressure lability with diuretics and postural shifts in the elderly.
Organotypic Rat Testicular Organoids for the Study of Testicular Maturation and Toxicology (2022)

An <i>in vitro</i> system to study testicular maturation in rats, an important model organism for reproductive toxicity, could serve as a platform for high-throughput drug and toxicity screening in a tissue specific context. <i>In vitro</i> maturation of somatic cells and spermatogonia in organ culture systems has been reported. However, this has been a challenge for organoids derived from dissociated testicular cells. Here, we report generation and maintenance of rat testicular organoids in microwell culture for 28 days. We find that rat organoids can be maintained <i>in vitro</i> only at lower than ambient O<sub>2</sub> tension of 15% and organoids cultured at 34°C have higher somatic cell maturation and spermatogonial differentiation potential compared to cultures in 37°C. Upon exposure to known toxicants, phthalic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester and cadmium chloride, the organoids displayed loss of tight-junction protein Claudin 11 and altered transcription levels of somatic cell markers that are consistent with previous reports in animal models. Therefore, the microwell-derived rat testicular organoids described here can serve as a novel platform for the study of testicular cell maturation and reproductive toxicity <i>in vitro</i>.
An Effective PSO-Based Memetic Algorithm for Flow Shop Scheduling (2007)

This paper proposes an effective particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based memetic algorithm (MA) for the permutation flow shop scheduling problem (PFSSP) with the objective to minimize the maximum completion time, which is a typical non-deterministic polynomial-time (NP) hard combinatorial optimization problem. In the proposed PSO-based MA (PSOMA), both PSO-based searching operators and some special local searching operators are designed to balance the exploration and exploitation abilities. In particular, the PSOMA applies the evolutionary searching mechanism of PSO, which is characterized by individual improvement, population cooperation, and competition to effectively perform exploration. On the other hand, the PSOMA utilizes several adaptive local searches to perform exploitation. First, to make PSO suitable for solving PFSSP, a ranked-order value rule based on random key representation is presented to convert the continuous position values of particles to job permutations. Second, to generate an initial swarm with certain quality and diversity, the famous Nawaz-Enscore-Ham (NEH) heuristic is incorporated into the initialization of population. Third, to balance the exploration and exploitation abilities, after the standard PSO-based searching operation, a new local search technique named NEH_1 insertion is probabilistically applied to some good particles selected by using a roulette wheel mechanism with a specified probability. Fourth, to enrich the searching behaviors and to avoid premature convergence, a simulated annealing (SA)-based local search with multiple different neighborhoods is designed and incorporated into the PSOMA. Meanwhile, an effective adaptive meta-Lamarckian learning strategy is employed to decide which neighborhood to be used in SA-based local search. Finally, to further enhance the exploitation ability, a pairwise-based local search is applied after the SA-based search. Simulation results based on benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of the PSOMA. Additionally, the effects of some parameters on optimization performances are also discussed.
Implementation and vehicle tests of a vehicle stop-and-go cruise control system (2002)

Implementation and vehicle tests of a vehicle longitudinal control algorithm for stop-and-go cruise control have been performed. The vehicle longitudinal control scheme consists of a set-speed control algorithm, a speed control algorithm, and a distance control algorithm. A desired acceleration for the vehicle for the control of vehicle-to-vehicle relative speed and clearance has been designed using linear quadratic optimal control theory. Performance of the control algorithm has been investigated via vehicle tests. Vehicle tests have been conducted using two test vehicles. A 2000 cm 3 passenger car equipped with a radar distance sensor, throttle/brake actuators and a controller has been used as a subject vehicle in the vehicle tests. A millimetre wave radar sensor has been used for distance measurement. A step motor and an electronic vacuum booster have been used for throttle/brake actuators. It has been shown that the implemented vehicle longitudinal control system can provide satisfactory performance in vehicle set-speed control and vehicle clearance control at lower speeds.
Large standard cell libraries and their impact on layout area and circuit performance (2002)

We present a complete study of layout area and circuit performance as a result of utilizing a large library of standard cells. We built libraries of all possible static CMOS cells having a chain length of up to 7. We refer to a library of all possible cells having a chain length limit of n as sn. Although library s7 has billions of possible cells in it, our technology mapper only selected on the order of 100 of these cells to implement each of the MCNC logic synthesis benchmark circuits. We drew the following conclusions from this study. (1) For three or more layers of metal, using very large libraries (e.g., s7) is optimal in terms of area and delay. (2) For two layers of metal, limiting the library size to s5, but at least s4, is optimal in terms of area and delay. Given that the number of distinct combinational cells in industrial libraries today never exceeds 200 (and usually considerably fewer) and given that even library s4 has 3503 distinct cells, tremendous area savings (without increase in worst case path delay) are readily available by utilizing much larger cell libraries. Specifically, given that library s3 has 87 distinct cells (current industrial libraries typically have no more than this), we surmise that area savings of about 30% can be achieved try using library s7 for three or more metal layers versus any current industrial library.
A quantum ring gyroscope based on coherence de Broglie waves (2021)

In a Mach-Zenhder interferometer (MZI), the highest precision for a measurement error is given by vacuum fluctuations of quantum mechanics, resulting in a shot noise limit1,2,3,4,5. Because the intensity measurement in an MZI is correlated with the phase difference, the precision measurement (Δn) is coupled with the phase resolution (Δϕ) by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Quantum metrology offers a different solution to this precision measurement using nonclassical light such as squeezed light or higher-order entangled-photon pairs, resulting in a smaller Δϕ for the same Δn3,4,5,6,7,8. Here, we propose another method for the high precision measurement overcoming the Heisenberg photon-phase relation, where the smaller Δϕ is achieved by phase quantization in a coupled interferometric system via coherence de Broglie waves (CBWs)9,10. For a potential application of the proposed method, a quantum ring gyroscope is presented as a quantum version of the conventional ring laser gyroscope used for inertial navigation and geodesy11-13.
STUDY OF COPPER DIFFUSION INTO TANTALUM AND TANTALUM DIFFUSION INTO COPPER (2002)

We have carried out direct diffusion measurements of Cu into Ta and Ta into Cu. Thin films of 50nm thickness of Cu were grown onto a thick Ta layer of 1 μm by Ionized Metal Plasma. Samples were annealed in a rapid thermal system from temperatures ranging from 400°C to 800°C for periods of 60s and 180s. The diffusion profile was performed using Secondary ion mass spectroscopy. The Cu diffusion coefficients in Ta can be described by 3.0246 × 10 -15 exp(-0.1747eV/kT) at 60s and 2.7532 × 10 -15 exp(-0.1737eV/kT) at 180s. The Ta diffusion coefficients in Cu can be described by 2.7532 × 10 -15 exp(-0.1773eV/kT) at 60s and 2.1271 × 10 -15 exp(-0.1753eV/kT) at 180s. To assure reliability, the extent of both diffusions should be considered in device design and processing.
Corrections to “Application of Novel Cavity-Backed Proximity-Coupled Microstrip Patch Antenna to Design Broadband Conformal Phased Array” (2011)

In the above titled letter (ibid., vol. 9, pp. 1010-1013, 2010), there are two errors in need of attention. The corrections are presented here.
Pain Control Requirements for Percutaneous Ablation of Renal Tumors: Cryoablation versus Radiofrequency Ablation—Initial Observations (2005)

Image-guided percutaneous cryoablation of small (< or = 4-cm) renal lesions appears to require less analgesia than RF ablation. Prospective trials with validated pain scales are needed to examine this further.
ecancermedicalscience (2016)

Both baseline sEGFR and CEA levels in NSCLC patients receiving EGFR-TKIs showed a significant correlation with survival. To distinguish whether these factors have a predictive or a prognostic value, validation is warranted in an independent patient series containing a control arm without EGFR-TKI treatment.
Evaluation of bioavailability of hypolipidemic compound LK-903. (1983)

The bioavailability of two scarcely soluble hypolipidemic compounds, 1-O-[p-(myristyloxy)-α-methylcinnamoyl] glycerol (LK-903) and its free acid (LK-A : the parent compound), was evaluated in beagle dogs by determining plasma levels by means of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) scanning densitometry. Following oral administration of LK-903, the main chemical species in plasma were acylated forms in which natural fatty acid (s) was incorporated, while unchanged and hydrolyzed forms represented minor fractions. LK-A showed very poor bioavailability in solid formulations, but exhibited plasma levels comparable to those obtained with LK-903 in solubilized formulations. Intravenous ingestion of LK-903 or LK-A resulted in no detectable transformation to the acylated forms, whereas administration of authentic sample of mono- or diacylated LK-903 produced considerable amounts of LK-903 and LK-A in the plasma, indicating the occurrence of hydrolysis in the systemic circulation. On the basis of these findings, the mechanisms of intestinal absorption were supposed to resemble that of fat absorption, in which solubilization by bile acids and transacylation in the intestinal mucosa may play important roles. In relation to these absorption mechanisms, it is possible to compare the effect of chemical modification with the glyceride moiety with that of pharmaceutical modification of the dosage form for the parent compound.
The BMT/SCT pharmacopoeia (2009)

Individual drugs and classes of drugs page 431 Analgesics and adjuvant analgesics 431 Antibiotics 439 Anticoagulants and protamine 450 Antidiarrheal drugs 456 Antiemetics 458 Antifungal agents: systemic use 458 Antifungal agents: Topical oral use 462 Antifungal agents: Topical dermatologic use 463 Antineoplastic agents 466 Antivirals 471 Electrolytes 476 Immunosuppressive agents 480 Targeted Therapies 487 Miscellaneous 488 Further reading 491 The list of side effects discussed in this chapter is far from complete; the specialized literature, databases and package inserts should always be carefully consulted. Individual drugs and classes of drugs Analgesics and adjuvant analgesics Effective control of pain, especially from oropharyngeal mucositis secondary to the pretransplant conditioning regimen or posttransplant methotrexate, is essential in the BMT unit. Some of the most common medications used for pain are reviewed in this section. Acetaminophen Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) is an analgesic and antipyretic, but has no anti-inflammatory activity. It is well-absorbed orally and rectally, and comes in dosage forms including tablets, capsules, oral liquid, and suppositories. Acetaminophen is metabolized in the liver, and its metabolites are excreted in urine. Its duration of action is about 4 hours. Acetaminophen does not cause gastric irritation and is the analgesic of choice for mild pain. The maximum recommended daily dose of acetaminophen is 4 g. In some cases, such as in the palliative care setting or for acute pain, higher doses can be given for short durations. In these situations, risk factors must be taken into account, and patients must be monitored carefully.
Bidimensionality, Map Graphs, and Grid Minors (2005)

In this paper we extend the theory of bidimensionality to two families of graphs that do not exclude fixed minors: map graphs and power graphs. In both cases we prove a polynomial relation between the treewidth of a graph in the family and the size of the largest grid minor. These bounds improve the running times of a broad class of fixed-parameter algorithms. Our novel technique of using approximate max-min relations between treewidth and size of grid minors is powerful, and we show how it can also be used, e.g., to prove a linear relation between the treewidth of a bounded-genus graph and the treewidth of its dual.
B-cell targeting: a novel approach to immune intervention today and tomorrow (2007)

B cells and their products, antibodies, play an important role in the diagnosis and, in some instances, in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases. Specific B-cell directed therapies are of recent interest as their impact on B-cell activity can influence a variety of autoimmune diseases. The development and introduction of rituximab, a depleting antibody targeting CD20+ B cells, and previously CD52-directed treatment with Campath-1h for the treatment of B-cell malignancies as well as rheumatoid arthritis have pioneered this therapeutic field. Other non-depleting strategies employ CD22 or B-cell activating factor/B lymphocyte stimulator and apoptosis-inducing ligand as targets and are under clinical investigation at present. Abnormalities of B-cell subsets have been identified by a number of independent groups which often represent characteristic patterns of disturbances of the human B-cell repertoire. However, the clinical value of specific B-cell subset targeting/depletion has not been addressed extensively. As such an approach may afford the possibility to avoid unnecessary adverse events related to depletion of non-pathogenic B-cell populations, B-cell subset targeting may have the capacity to enhance the benefit/risk ratio of B-cell immune intervention.
Doing ‘strengths-based’ research: Appreciative Inquiry in a probation setting (2012)

This article considers the application of Appreciative Inquiry (AI) as a research methodology in the field of probation research. Although AI has previously been used in prisons research it has not to date been applied to research on probation. In this article we describe why and how AI was applied in an exploratory study of ‘quality’ in probation practice. The article includes some reflections from us as researchers and from the participants in our study (staff in three English Probation Trusts). It is argued not only that AI served our project well (in terms of furnishing us with a wealth of relevant, good quality data) but also that our choice of methodology rendered visible aspects of contemporary probation culture which, we believe, would have remained hidden had we not chosen to explore quality through an ‘appreciative’ lens. It is further argued that in organizations experiencing challenging times, an appreciative stance has ethical as well as instrumental advantages. There are, thus, both instrumental and normative rationales for recommending AI as a suitable approach in probation research.
Effects of bestatin on proteolysis in reticulocyte extracts (1985)

Conference Article| December 01 1985 Effects of bestatin on proteolysis in reticulocyte extracts V. C. WORTHINGTON; V. C. WORTHINGTON 1Department of Biochemistry, King's College, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S. A. WHARTON; S. A. WHARTON 1Department of Biochemistry, King's College, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar A. R. HIPKISS A. R. HIPKISS 1Department of Biochemistry, King's College, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1985) 13 (6): 1164–1165. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0131164 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation V. C. WORTHINGTON, S. A. WHARTON, A. R. HIPKISS; Effects of bestatin on proteolysis in reticulocyte extracts. Biochem Soc Trans 1 December 1985; 13 (6): 1164–1165. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0131164 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1985 Biochemical Society1985 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Methods of Microarray Data Analysis (2005)

This chapter outlines a typical workflow for micraorray data analysis. It aims at explaining the background of the methods as this is necessary for deciding upon a specific numerical method to use and for understanding and interpreting the outcomes of the analyses. We focus on error handling, various steps during preprocessing (clipping, imputing missing values, normalization, and transformation of data), statistic tests for variable selection and the use of multiple hypothesis testing procedures, various metrics and clustering algorithms for hierarchical clustering, principles, and results from principal components analysis and discriminant analysis, partitioning, self-organizing map, K-nearest neighbor classifier, and the use of a neural network and a support vector machine for classification.
Multisite Controlled Blinded Field Studies to Evaluate the Effect of an Oral Live Escherichia Coli Bivalent F4/F18 Vaccine in Pig Nurseries with Mild Cases of Post-Weaning Diarrhea or Subclinical ETEC Infections. (2020)

Abstract Background : Post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) caused by Escherichia coli is a worldwide economically important disease in pigs, linked with increased mortality and weight loss. F4- and F18-enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) are the most diagnosed causes of PWD. The efficacy of live oral E. coli vaccines has been previously demonstrated on farms with confirmed clinical cases of PWD. However, the impact of vaccination in subclinical cases with mild or not noticeable clinical manifestations needed to be assessed. This study evaluated the effect of an oral dose of a live E. coli bivalent F4/F18 vaccine in nurseries without ongoing clinical PWD outbreaks but with a history of pathogenic E. coli circulating within the herd. Two controlled blinded studies were performed under commercial conditions in a total of 6 European sites. Overall, 1941 vaccinated piglets and 1976 control piglets were enrolled and were monitored for health, growth, and feed conversion rate. Results : No clinical outbreak of ETEC PWD has been observed in the tested farms. Two farms faced episodes of non-ETEC enteric diseases that required treatments. Nursery weight gain was not statistically different between groups in these two farms. However, the nursery weight gain of the vaccinated pigs was significantly higher by 0.80, 0.87 and 1.24 kg than of the control pigs in three of the four farms without non-ETEC enteric diseases (p&lt;0.05) and by 0.69 kg (p=0.051) in the fourth one, leading to numerically heavier pigs at the exit of the four nurseries. No statistically difference was observed for the feed conversion rate, though it was numerically lower for vaccinated pigs of the two tested farms. Conclusions : Recent European legislations aimed at reducing the use of antibiotics and banning therapeutic use of zinc oxide in feed are leading to a search for alternatives to compensate animal health impacts and economic losses due to PWD. These studies demonstrate that, even in the absence of convincing clinical signs of PWD, ETEC infections limit nursery pig optimal growth performance that can be mitigated by vaccination with an oral live E. coli bivalent F4/F18 vaccine. These findings corroborate previous studies showing the effect of vaccination in clinical outbreaks of PWD.
Regulation of Steroid Biosynthesis (1974)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More