gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polypropylene nanocomposite using maleated PP and diamine (2009)

Abstract The insertion of the aliphatic diamine inside the organoclay will help the dispersion of the clay platelets in the PP/clay nanocomposite due to the reaction between the maleated PP and the diamine. Cloisite®20A was just simply mixed with hexamethylene diamine (HMDA) under shearing condition in Brabender mixer. HMDA group was successfully penetrated into silicate layers. As a result of penetration, d‐spacing of organoclay was increased. Polypropylene/clay nanocomposites were prepared by compounding with maleated PP and amine‐treated clay. From the FTIR spectra, reaction between amine group and maleic‐anhydride group was confirmed. The effect of the organoclay on the properties of the nanocomposite such as the morphology, dynamic mechanical properties, crystal structure and crystallization behavior, glass transition temperature, thermal stability, and tensile properties were investigated and analyzed. Nanocomposites with amine‐treated clays show enhanced properties compared with those with non–amine‐treated clay (Cloisite®20A). From the TEM analysis, nanocomposites with amine‐treated clays shows better dispersibility compared with those with Cloisite®20A alone. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Investigating the efficiency of ITS cooperative systems for a better use of urban transport infrastructures : The iTETRIS simulation platform (2009)

Abstract — The use of cooperative ITS communication systems, supporting driving through the dynamic exchange of Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) messages, is a potential candidate to improve the economical and societal welfare. The application of such systems for novel cooperative traffic management strategies can introduce a lot of beneficial effects not only for road safety, but also for the economy related to transportation systems and the environmental impact. Despite this apparent set of promising features, City Road Authorities, which hold a key-role in determining the final adoption of such systems, still look at cooperative systems without sharing a clear opinion. This is mainly due to the current lack of definitive and solid evidences of the effectiveness of such systems when applied in the real world. In order to fill this gap and let Road Authorities estimate the usefulness of such technologies in achieving the objectives dictated by cities ’ traffic management policies, the EU consortium iTETRIS is developing a simulation platform for large scale testing of traffic management solutions making use of cooperative ITS systems. Thanks to its own distinguishing features, iTETRIS aims at becoming a good supporting tool for Road Authorities to implement preliminary tests on the effectiveness of ITS solutions prior to investing money for the physical deployment of the communication infrastructures allowing their functioning.
Adaptive Backstepping Control for Attitude Tracking of a Spacecraft (2007)

The problem of adaptive attitude tracking control for a rigid spacecraft with uncertain inertia matrix is addressed by means of backstepping technique. As a stepping-stone, we first construct a nonadaptive control scheme that is dependent on exact knowledge of the spacecraft inertia matrix. The control scheme is then redesigned to be adaptive, which is independent of any inertia parameters. The Modified Rodrigues Parameter (MRP) is adopted as attitude variable due mainly to its global nonsingular description when combined with its shadow sets. One salient feature of the proposed controllers is that they allow integral control action, which can potentially eliminate or reduce steady-state attitude errors in the presence of constant external disturbances. Simulation results for the derived controllers demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed backstepping strategy in achieving attitude tracking for spacecraft with inertia uncertainty.
Application of silica gel‐sintered plate to thin layer lipid chromatographic analysis (1973)

The merits and disadvantages of using the silica gel-sintered plate for lipid chromatographic analysis were investigated in detail. The commercially available sintered plate could be used repeatedly, employing the reconditioning procedure which involved chromic-sulfuric acid treatment and subsequent activation. The reconditioned sintered plate has now been used successfully 20 times, for lipid analysis without any deterioration of the excellent resolution power for complex lipid mixtures for all the solvent systems. Since the sintered plate is sturdy, the chromatogplate could be immersed directly in the liquid reaction mixture, so that spots on the chromatogram could be seen and impregnated plates prepared simply. The sintered plate was found to be much more economical than the silica gel-coated plate.
The curing reaction of an epoxide resin with 2‐ethyl‐4‐methylimidazole, a calorimetric study of the kinetics of formation of epoxide‐imidazole adducts (1975)

Abstract The kinetics of formation of the 1:1 and 2:1 adducts of (in terms of equivalents of epoxide) 2,3‐epoxypropyloxybenzene ( 2 ) and 2,2‐bis[ p ‐(2,3‐epoxypropyloxy)phenyl]‐propane ( 1 ) with 2‐ethyl‐4‐methylimidazole ( 3 ) have been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A comparison of isothermal and dynamic data for the 1:1 system 2/3 showed that the dynamic rate cannot simply be equated to the isothermal rate, but the true dynamic rate equation, dα/d t = (∂α/∂ t T )+(∂α/∂ T t ) (d T /d t ), gave good agreement with the isothermal data. The dynamic DSC measurements indicate that all of the reactions approximate to first order kinetics and have similar values for activation energy ( E = 81–93 kJ/mol) and pre‐exponential factor (log A ≈ 9–10). The results support the suggestion that adduct formation is likely to be the first stage of the resin curing reaction catalyzed by 3 .
Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields and Normal Chick Development (1986)

AbstractThe effects of two clinical-type signals of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEW) were tested on a large sample of developing chick embryos by two independent laboratories. The embryos were examined after seven days of incubation to avoid the early stages when most spontaneous abnormalities occur. The data were pooled and analyzed statistically. Neither signal, when administered continuously for the first seven days of development, or for the first 24 hours, produced a significant increase in the incidence of malformations. These results are discussed in relation to those of other investigators claiming PEW-related effects on normal development.
Performance of a High-Resolution Polarimetric SAR Automatic Target Recognition System (1993)

targets were used to study the performance of these algorithms. The prescreener required a low threshold to detect most of the targets in the data, which resulted in a high density of false alarms. The discriminator and classifier stages then reduced this false-alarm density by a factor of 100. We improved targetdetection performance by using fully polarimetric imagery processed by the polarimetric whitening filter (PWF), rather than by using single-channel imagery. In addition, the PWF-processed imagery improved the probability of correct classification in a four-class (tank, armored personnel carrier, howitzer, or clutter) classifier.
A UDP-based file transfer protocol with flow control using fuzzy logic approach (2004)

A UDP-based application-level file transfer protocol, UFTP, with flow control using fuzzy logic is proposed in this paper. UFTP is designed for moving large-size files over WANs where traditional file transfer protocols are found to be very inefficient. Compared to FTP, which uses TCP as its transport-level protocol, it uses UDP packets to send data to avoid round trip propagation delay, a limiting factor in data transferring. The fuzzy flow control (FFC) module calculates the date flow rate for UFTP by monitoring the packet receive success rate and its rate of change, then by using a set of fuzzy linguistic rules. The design scheme of UFTP with FFC is explained in details and the performance of the FFC scheme is evaluated through experiments in a high-speed WAN environment. The experimental results show that UFTP, with flow control using FFC, is up to 7.4 times faster than the traditional protocol FTP. It is also shown that FFC offers fast transient response and leads to low end-to-end transmission delay.
Indoor Localization With Probability Density Functions Based on Bluetooth (2006)

We present a simple system to help people navigate inside of buildings or even in outside areas close to buildings. It is based on the "RSSI" and "transmit power" data of an established Bluetooth link. The system is in principle sufficient for the intended application (pedestrian, indoor), but it is certainly not a high resolution indoor location system. The achievable accuracy is dependent on the setup (number of access points and their constellation and available Bluetooth devices) but will not be better than in the order of several meters. A main feature of this fingerprinting-like system is the representation of the estimated position in the form of probability density functions.
Modeling and Characterization of Gas‐Phase Etching of Thermal Oxide and TEOS Oxide Using Anhydrous HF and  CH 3 OH (1996)

We propose a model for a gas‐phase etching of silicon dioxide using anhydrous HF gas and methanol vapor on the basis of its mechanism and characteristics which were reported by previous researchers. Here, the etch reaction rate was assumed to be determined by the formation step of resulting from the ionization reaction between HF and adsorbed physcially on the oxide surface. The validity of this etch model was confirmed by the experimental data obtained from etching thermal oxide and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) oxide at various etching conditions: HF partial pressure of 2 to 35 Torr, partial pressures of 0.3 to 4.5 Torr, and wafer temperatures of 25 to 75°C. It was shown that the gas‐phase etching of the oxides could be well characterized by the behaviors of physical adsorptions for HF and molecules on the oxides, which were expected from the Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) equation with the values of parameters in the etch model. Also, it was shown that the etch selectivities between the thermal oxide and the TEOS were mainly dependent on the wafer temperature and the reactant partial pressures, and could be in the range of 2 to 30 according to the etching conditions in the gas‐phase regime.
Recognition of 3D hand gestures using partially tuned composite hidden Markov models (2004)

Stroke-based composite HMMs with articulation states are proposed to deal with 3D spatio-temporal trajectory gestures. The direct use of 3D data provides more naturalness in generating gestures, thereby avoiding some of the constraints usually imposed to prevent performance degradation when trajectory data are projected into a specific 2D plane. Also, the decomposition of gestures into more primitive strokes is quite attractive, since reversely concatenating stroke-based HMMs makes it possible to construct a new set of gesture HMMs without retraining their parameters. Any deterioration in performance arising from decomposition can be remedied by a partial tuning process for such composite HMMs.
Longitudinal Quantitative Ultrawide-field Fluorescein Angiography Dynamics in the RUBY Diabetic Macular Edema Study (2023)

Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.
Automated Design of an FDI System for the Wind Turbine Benchmark (2012)

We propose an FDI system for the wind turbine benchmark designed by the application of a generic automated method. No specific adaptation of the method for the wind turbine benchmark is needed, and the number of required human decisions, assumptions, as well as parameter choices is minimized. The method contains in essence three steps: generation of candidate residual generators, residual generator selection, and diagnostic test construction. The proposed FDI system performs well in spite of no specific adaptation or tuning to the benchmark. All faults in the predefined test sequence can be detected and all faults, except a double fault, can also be isolated shortly thereafter. In addition, there are no false or missed detections.
East meets West: current practices and policies in the management of musculoskeletal aging (2019)

Healthy aging is defined as the process of developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables wellbeing in older age. Healthy aging is dependent upon intrinsic capacity, a composite of physical and mental capacities, and the environment an individual inhabits and their interactions with it. Maintenance of musculoskeletal health during aging is a key determinant of functional ability. Sarcopenia, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, are a triad of musculoskeletal diseases of aging that are major contributors to the global burden of disease and disability worldwide. The prevention and management of these disorders is of increasing importance with pressure mounting from the aging population. In a new initiative, the Chinese Medical Association, Chinese Society of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Research, and the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases jointly organized a symposium to discuss current practices and policies in the management of musculoskeletal aging. The meeting allowed experts from Europe and China to share their experience and recommendations for the management of these three major diseases. Discussing and analyzing similarities and differences in their practice should lead, through a mutual enrichment of knowledge, to better management of these diseases, in order to preserve intrinsic capacity and retard the age-related degradation of physical ability. In future, it is hoped that sharing of knowledge and best practice will advance global strategies to reduce the burden of musculoskeletal disease and promote healthy aging tailored to meet the individual patient's needs.
Supplementary Data from <i>Ex Vivo</i> Profiling of PD-1 Blockade Using Organotypic Tumor Spheroids (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure Legends and Figures&lt;/p&gt;
Performance-Based Expert Judgement Weighting Using Moment Methods (PSAM-0264) (2006)

When we want to express the uncertainty about the value of a quantity of interest, we can do this by describing a probability distribution for it. Alternatively, we can provide information on the moments of the uncertain quantity, as the probability distribution of an uncertain quantity can be approximated arbitrarily well by describing enough moments for it. When considering the case where the information about the moments is obtained through expert judgment elicitation, we are confronted with the problem of what to do when different experts provide different assessments.
Determinants of nevirapine hypersensitivity and its effect on the association between hepatitis C status and mortality in antiretroviral drug-naive HIV-positive patients (2007)

Results of this study suggest that the hypersensitivity reaction behaves as an effect modifier of the association between HCV infection and mortality in this cohort of antiretroviral drug-naive HIV-positive patients. These results support the current recommendation against the use of nevirapine in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients.
Poly(Vinyl Arene Sulfones) as Novel Positive Photoresists (1975)

The synthesis and photosensitivities of a number of copolymers of sulfur dioxide and various arylethylenes are described. Irradiation with ultraviolet light causes chain scission and increases the solubility of these polymers; thus they function as positive photoresists.
Vaccine strategies against human cytomegalovirus infection (2007)

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates and immunocompromised populations, such as transplant recipients and HIV-infected patients. The development of a vaccine to prevent HCMV infection or disease has been assigned the highest priority by the US Institute of Medicine. Although, after 30 years of intensive study, a clinically licensed vaccine is still not available, significant progress has been made in the field of HCMV vaccine development, along with greater understanding of HCMV immunology, molecular biology and pathology. In recent years, new vaccine strategies have been developed that have shown promising results in preclinical studies and are able to induce HCMV-specific immune responses in clinical studies, although efficacy data are not yet available. Here we review the history of HCMV vaccine development and the current strategies in the development of new HCMV vaccines. We propose that research should focus on the development of a vaccine to prevent or control HCMV-related disease rather than to prevent infection, and that discerning strategies should be used for targeting HCMV disease in different clinical settings.
Supplementary Figures 1-2 from Immunomodulation of Curcumin on Adoptive Therapy with T Cell Functional Imaging in Mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 160K&lt;/p&gt;
Periodic forcing of a Brownian particle (1995)

We study the effect on a Brownian particle (2 \ensuremath{\mu}m diameter polystyrene sphere in water) of an infrared optical tweezer moving in a circle. For a given potential depth of the optical trap, three different regimes for the particle motion are observed as a function of the trap velocity. For small velocity of the tweezer (typically 100 \ensuremath{\mu}m/s), the particle is trapped and moves with the beam. For intermediate velocities (between 100 \ensuremath{\mu}m/s and 3 mm/s), the particle escapes but is caught by the returning trap: its mean angular velocity scales asymptotically as the inverse of the trap rotation frequency. For large tweezer velocities (&gt;3 mm/s), the particle diffuses along the circle but is confined in the radial direction. We describe these observations by a simple deterministic model. We justify the use of this model solving the corresponding Fokker-Planck equation.
Obstacles in the analysis of azimuth information from prestack seismic data (2015)

Summary The azimuth information derived from prestack seismic data at target layers is very sensitive to many aspects of the analysis process, making reliability a serious issue. This is true for both AVAZ and VVAZ analysis. In this paper we analyze some of the major factors affecting the reliability of the results and show our approach to dealing with the main obstacles.
Adopting SP/SI-Frames in Dual-Bitstream Video Streaming with VCR Support (2006)

Digital video cassette recording (VCR) operations such as fast-forward and fast-reverse playbacks enable quick and user-friendly browsing of video. However, the predictive techniques adopted in current video standards severely complicate these operations. One approach to implement the fast-forward/reverse playback is to store an additional reverse-encoded bitstream into the server. Once a client requests a fast-forward/reverse operation, the server can select an appropriate frame for the client from either the forward or reverse-encoded bitstreams to reduce the network traffic and the decoder complexity. Unfortunately, the forward and reverse-encoded bitstreams are encoded separately. The frame that has previously decoded by the client may not be exactly identical to the reference of the current selected frame and the mismatch problem occurs frequently. In this paper, a novel H.264 dual-bitstream scheme aiming at providing fast-forward/reverse playback based on SP/SI-frames is proposed to eliminate mismatch errors during switching between the forward and reverse-encoded bitstreams. As a result, the proposed scheme enhances the performance of the conventional dual-bitstream scheme.
Hand gesture interface for content browse using wearable wrist contour measuring device (2015)

Recently, there are an increasing number of developing wearable devices that intent to display various contents. As can be seen in sign languages and hand signals, hand gestures can express rich information with small motions, therefore, they are useful input for those devices. Especially, these gestures are less obtrusive actions than other actions such as speaking. It means that hand-gesture-based input interfaces are very suitable for public use, where a user can't use desktop devices such as a mouse or a keyboard. Although there are many studies on recognition of hand gestures, existing hand shape recognition methods have several problems to be applied for home automation. A wearable wrist contour sensor device has been proposed in previous studies. However discussions about how to design the protocols of hand gesture interface are insufficient. In this paper, we develop real time hand gesture interfaces of content browse for wearable or remote displays. Usability test using the developed interfaces reveals that pronation is to be assigned as a variable configurator and hand shape is to be assigned as an operation switcher.
Dopamine Signaling in the Dorsal Striatum Is Essential for Motivated Behaviors (2008)

Genetically engineered mice that lack tyrosine hydroxylase in all dopaminergic neurons become hypoactive and aphagic, and they starve by 4 weeks of age. However, they can be rescued by daily treatment with l-dopa, which restores activity and feeding for about 10 hours. Thus, these mice can be examined in both dopamine-depleted and dopamine-replete states. A series of behavioral experiments lead to the primary conclusion that in the dopamine-depleted state these mice are not motivated to engage in goal-directed behaviors. Nevertheless, they still have a preference for sucrose, they can learn the location of food rewards, and they can form a conditioned-place preference for drugs. Dopamine signaling can be restored to the striatum by several different viral gene-therapy procedures. Restoring dopamine signaling selectively to the dorsal striatum is sufficient to allow feeding, locomotion, and reward-based learning. The rescued mice appear to have normal motivation to engage in all goal-directed behaviors that have been tested. The results suggest that dopamine facilitates the output from dorsal striatum, which provides a permissive signal allowing feeding and other goal-directed behaviors.
Verification of an Industrial CC-NUMA Server (2002)

Directed tes program-based verification or formal verification methods are usually quite ineffective on large cache-coherent, non-uniform memory access (CC-NUMA) multi-processors because of the size and complexity of the design and the complexity of the cache-coherence protocol. A controllable biased/constrained random stimuli generator coupled with an error detection mechanism using scoreboards and feedback with coverage analysis tools is a promising alternative methodology. We applied this methodology to verify a shared memory and message passing multiprocessor system consisting of 32 and 64 bit processor-based symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) servers connected by a proprietary cache coherent router-based interconnect fabric. This paper describes the problems faced, solutions implemented, and design decisions taken to design the scoreboard and discusses the errors found by this methodology.
Cross-Device Tracking: Measurement and Disclosures (2017)

Abstract Internet advertising and analytics technology companies are increasingly trying to find ways to link behavior across the various devices consumers own. This cross-device tracking can provide a more complete view into a consumer’s behavior and can be valuable for a range of purposes, including ad targeting, research, and conversion attribution. However, consumers may not be aware of how and how often their behavior is tracked across different devices. We designed this study to try to assess what information about cross-device tracking (including data flows and policy disclosures) is observable from the perspective of the end user. Our paper demonstrates how data that is routinely collected and shared online could be used by online third parties to track consumers across devices.