gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-224 inhibits proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells by down-regulating Frizzled 5 expression (2016)

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling is crucial for the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. However, the expression of microRNA-224 (miR-224) in the different types of breast cancers and its role in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling and the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells are poorly understood. In this study, the levels of miR-224 in different types of breast cancer tissues and cell lines were examined by quantitative RT-PCR and the potential targets of miR-224 in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling were investigated. The effects of altered miR-224 expression on the frequency of CD44+CD24- cancer stem-like cells (CSC), proliferation and migration of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were examined by flow cytometry, MTT and transwell migration. We found that the levels of miR-224 expression in different types of breast cancer tissues and cell lines were associated inversely with aggressiveness of breast cancers. Enhanced miR-224 expression significantly reduced the fizzled 5-regulated luciferase activity in 293T cells, fizzled 5 expression in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, the β-dependent luciferase activity in MCF-7 cells, and the nuclear translocation of β-catenin in MDA-MB-231 cells. miR-224 inhibition significantly increased the percentages of CSC in MCF-7 cells and enhanced proliferation and migration of MCF-7 cells. Enhanced miR-224 expression inhibited proliferation and migration of MDA-MB-231 cells, and the growth of implanted breast cancers in vivo. Induction of Frizzled 5 over-expression mitigated the miR-224-mediated inhibition of breast cancer cell proliferation. Collectively, these data indicated that miR-224 down-regulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling possibly by binding to Frizzled 5 and inhibited proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells.
Supplementary Table S5 from Molecular Portraits of Epithelial, Mesenchymal, and Hybrid States in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Their Relevance to Survival (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S5. Differentially expressed proteins and gene ontology after TGFB treatment.&lt;/p&gt;
Using hardware classification to improve PC-based OpenFlow switching (2011)

OpenFlow is a promising technology that offers a flexible flow-based forwarding scheme based on multiple fields in the packet headers of different protocol layers. It provides a feasibility to adopt new network protocols and innovations thanks to a more flexible forwarding compared to traditional IP forwarding. In this paper, we propose an architectural design to improve lookup performance of PC-based OpenFlow switching in Linux using a standard commodity network interface card based on the Intel 82599 Gigabit Ethernet controller. We introduce a fast data path based on caching of flow table entries in on-board classification hardware on the NIC. We describe our design, and we present an experimental evaluation of its performance. Our results show that the throughput of our fast path gives over 40 percent higher throughput compared to the regular software-based OpenFlow switching.
Inter‐observer variation in the histopathological diagnosis of clinically suspicious pigmented skin lesions (2002)

When a biopsy is taken of a suspicious pigmented skin lesion, histological examination is expected to establish the definitive diagnosis. This study evaluated the inter-observer variation of 20 pathologists in the histological diagnosis of a randomly selected set of suspicious pigmented skin lesions (PSLs), by comparing their diagnoses to a reference diagnosis. Overall sensitivity for melanoma was 87%, ranging from 55% to 100% between the observers. Sensitivity was significantly lower for thin (Breslow thickness <1 mm) than for thick melanomas (83% versus 97%, p=0.005). Overall melanoma specificity was 94%, ranging from 83% to 100% between observers. Dysplastic naevus was the most important source of false-positive diagnoses, mainly in situ melanomas. Positive and negative predictive values in the given test set were 75% and 97%, respectively. In the case of melanoma, there was quite some variation in measured Breslow thickness. This would have led to a different therapeutic approach in 12% of the readings. Some of the variation seemed to be due to a different interpretation of the presence of a co-existent naevus. In 9% (3/35) of the readings, participants did not agree on the presence of ulceration. These results reflect a tendency to overdiagnose mainly thin melanomas in general histopathological practice. They also demonstrate variation in the assessment of major prognostic factors of melanoma.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROCHEMICAL FORMATION OF Δ1,2‐NORBORNENE (1978)

Abstract Bei der Elektrolyse der 1,2‐Dihalogen‐norbornane (I) in THF/Furan entstehen die Furan‐Addukte (III) und (IV) im Verhältnis N30:70 bei von den Reaktionsbedingungen abhängigen Ausbb.
Eye Gaze Tracking With a Web Camera in a Desktop Environment (2015)

This paper addresses the eye gaze tracking problem using a low cost and more convenient web camera in a desktop environment, as opposed to gaze tracking techniques requiring specific hardware, e.g, infrared high-resolution camera and infrared light sources, as well as a cumbersome calibration process. In the proposed method, we first track the human face in a real-time video sequence to extract the eye regions. Then, we combine intensity energy and edge strength to obtain the iris center and utilize the piecewise eye corner detector to detect the eye corner. We adopt a sinusoidal head model to simulate the 3-D head shape, and propose an adaptive weighted facial features embedded in the pose from the orthography and scaling with iterations algorithm, whereby the head pose can be estimated. Finally, the eye gaze tracking is accomplished by integration of the eye vector and the head movement information. Experiments are performed to estimate the eye movement and head pose on the BioID dataset and pose dataset, respectively. In addition, experiments for gaze tracking are performed in real-time video sequences under a desktop environment. The proposed method is not sensitive to the light conditions. Experimental results show that our method achieves an average accuracy of around 1.28° without head movement and 2.27° with minor movement of the head.
Enhanced thermal contact conductance using carbon nanotube arrays (2004)

Novel heat-conduction interfaces that employ carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays have been fabricated and studied experimentally. A reference calorimeter testing rig in a high vacuum environment with infrared temperature measurement has been established. Arrays of mat-type carbon nanotube layers have been grown directly on silicon substrates with microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Iron and nickel are used as carbon nanotube catalysts. The thermal contact resistance of carbon nanotubes with a copper interface shows promising results with a minimum resistance of 23 mm/sup 2/K/W at a pressure of 0.445 MPa. Carbon nanotube arrays grown under different synthesis parameters exhibit different pressure-contact conductance characteristics. CNT-copper interface thermal contact conductance could be improved by optimization of carbon nanotube array parameters. Combinations of thermal gels and phase change materials with CNT array composites are proposed for further thermal contact conductance reduction.
On the Detectability of Density Distributions of Asteroids and SAGD Reservoirs Using Gravimetry and Muon Tomography (2018)

In this thesis, the procedures of modelling density distributions for different targets are investigated. In the process of evaluating density distributions of asteroids, gravity forward modelling shows that homogeneous and heterogeneous distributions are distinguishable. Also, this study demonstrates that muon tomography forward and inversion modelling of SAGD reservoirs could be used for monitoring fluid migration and bitumen depletion in the subsurface. &#13;\n&#13;\nTwo different asteroids and spherical models with homogeneous and heterogeneous density distributions are investigated and the resulting surface gravitational accelerations are calculated. The asteroid forward modelling assists in the analysis of surface gravimetry sensitivity, by studying the heterogeneity of asteroids and surface boulder detectability. Results indicate that asteroids with heterogeneous and homogeneous density distributions are distinguishable. However, a gravimeter with sub-mGal accuracy is needed to sense asteroid surface gravity. Results show that a boulder of 8 m3 causes gravitational accelerations on the order of µGal and is not detectable using gravimetry with sub-mGal accuracy. &#13;\n&#13;\nA real SAGD density model is used at two time steps and forward modelled using muon tomography. This results in maps of opacity and muon count in a 2D plane view of the reservoir. The forward modelled 2D image arrays, used to construct the 2D reservoir plane view at surface, estimate bitumen depletion around wellbores during the raising phase and the spreading phase. The depletion patterns in the reservoir are studied by testing different arrays of muon sensors in the in-line and cross-line directions. Results show that depletion trends can be resolved with high resolution by using 120 sensors and also when using 60 sensors with a reduced resolution. In the inversion modeling approach, 3D density change models are estimated using 2D opacity image arrays as observations. The depletion trends around wellbores are determined individually until the reservoir reaches the spreading phase when depletion areas become interconnected.
Effect of the miscut direction in (111) 3C-SiC film growth on off-axis (111)Si (2009)

Two miscut directions of (111) Si substrate on 3C-SiC heteroepitaxial growth have been studied with the resulting 3C-SiC stress and defects as a function of miscut axis direction toward [110] and [112] of (111) Si analyzed. We studied this dependency from an experimental point of view, investigating the structural properties of 3C-SiC, and using a kinetic Monte Carlo method on superlattice to confirm our experimental findings with numerical simulations. Residual stress and stacking fault density were halved by growing on a (111) Si substrate off-cut toward the [110] direction. A different surface morphology was revealed between the two inclinations.
Comparing Predictive Accuracy and Correct Classification (2013)

Illustrates differences in screening predictions using predictive power and sensitivity/specificity using letter names/sounds, phonological awareness and word reading.
Electrochemistry in Flames (2010)

Flames and combustion science are well established fields having contributed to the foundations of engineering and chemistry and led to remarkable achievements in our 'industrial age'. The aim of this paper however is to highlight the electrochemical properties of flames, which are known to a lesser extent. First a historical account on the study on flames is given, followed by a general discussion on the formation and properties of common flames. The core of the discussion deals with the presence of charged species in flames, or else their plasma nature. It is this property that allows us to treat flames as conductive media and even develop flame electrochemical systems that yield voltages in the same fashion as standard batteries. Due to their very interesting plasma properties, therefore, flames can be incorporated with already developed electrochemical methodologies and generate new research areas of great potential.
A Randomized, Placebo Controlled, Double Blind, Parallel Group, Multiple Dosing, Dose Escalation Clinical Study to Evaluate Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics and Tolerability of Zofenopril in Healthy Korean Subjects (2013)

Background: Zofenopril is a new Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor for the treatment of the patients with hypertension and congestive heart failure. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PKs)/pharmacodynamics (PDs) and tolerability of zofenopril in healthy Korean subjects. Methods: A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, multiple dosing parallel group study with two dosage groups (zofenopril 30 mg or 60 mg) was conducted in healthy Korean male subjects. Each dosage group consisted of 10 subjects and they were randomly assigned to receive zofenopril or placebo with a ratio of 4:1. PK characteristics of zofenopril and its active metabolite, zofenoprilat, were evaluated after single or multiple dosing. Serum ACE activities and blood pressures were measured for PD evaluation. Adverse events, clinical laboratory tests, electrocardiograms, vital signs and physical examinations were performed for tolerability evaluation. Results: The PK characteristics of zofenopril and zofenoprilat after single dose and multiple doses were similar to one another. The metabolic ratio of zofenoprilat to zofenopril after single dose and multiple doses were 12.4 and 14.9, respectively, in the 30 mg dosage group, and were 6.8 and 6.6, respectively, in the 60 mg dosage group. Complete serum ACE activity inhibition was observed within 1 hour in both doses but it was maintained longer in the 60 mg dosage group compared to the 30 mg dosage group. There were no clinically significant abnormalities in tolerability evaluations.
Chemistry for Positive Pattern Transfer Using Area‐Selective Atomic Layer Deposition (2006)

A chemically selective process to achieve high-resolution area-selective atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Pt thin films on dielectrics (see figure) is introduced. By utilizing the intrinsically selective adsorption behavior of 1-octadecene, a monolayer resist is attached only to the hydride-terminated silicon regions of a patterned SiO2/Si substrate. Subsequently, a Pt thin film is selectively deposited only onto the oxide regions by ALD.
Pluripotente Stammzellquellen heute (2011)

Wohl keine andere wissenschaftliche Entdeckung der letzten Jahre hat die regenerative Medizin so beschleunigt und gleichzeitig heftige gesellschaftliche Kontroversen ausgelöst wie die Gewinnung von embryonalen Stammzellen (ESC). Heute, rund ein Jahrzehnt später, werden in kleinem Rahmen diese pluripotenten Zellen in ersten klinischen Studien angewandt. Trotz immunologischer Probleme, ethischer Bedenken und der Gefahr der Teratombildung sind die ESCs nach wie vor wegen ihrer Plastizität und Expansionsfähigkeit ein interessanter Kandidat für die Therapie. Adulte Stammzellen (ASC) werden schon länger therapeutisch sowohl allogen als auch autolog insbesondere in der hämatopoietischen Stammzelltransplantation genutzt, und derzeit gewinnen bei den ASCs besonders mesenchymale Stammzellen durch überlegene Plastizität und ­Expansion mehr und mehr an Bedeutung. Re­programmierte Zellen sind speziell in der auto­logen Anwendung und in Verbindung mit Gen­therapie von größtem therapeutischem Interesse, allerdings gibt es trotz erheblicher Fortschritte auch bei der nicht-invasiven Reprogrammierung im Bereich der klinischen Sicherheit in bezug auf Mutationen und Teratombildung noch großen Forschungsbedarf.
Dexcom G4AP: An Advanced Continuous Glucose Monitor for the Artificial Pancreas (2013)

Input from continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) is a critical component of artificial pancreas (AP) systems, but CGM performance issues continue to limit progress in AP research. While G4 PLATINUM has been integrated into AP systems around the world and used in many successful AP controller feasibility studies, this system was designed to address the needs of ambulatory CGM users as an adjunctive use system. Dexcom and the University of Padova have developed an advanced CGM, called G4AP, to specifically address the heightened performance requirements for future AP studies. The G4AP employs the same sensor and transmitter as the G4 PLATINUM but contains updated denoising and calibration algorithms for improved accuracy and reliability. These algorithms were applied to raw data from an existing G4 PLATINUM clinical study using a simulated prospective procedure. The results show that mean absolute relative difference (MARD) compared with venous plasma glucose was improved from 13.2% with the G4 PLATINUM to 11.7% with the G4AP. Accuracy improvements were seen over all days of sensor wear and across the plasma glucose range (40-400 mg/dl). The greatest improvements occurred in the low glucose range (40-80 mg/dl), in euglycemia (80-120 mg/dl), and on the first day of sensor use. The percentage of sensors with a MARD <15% increased from 69% to 80%. Metrics proposed by the AP research community for addressing specific AP requirements were also computed. The G4AP consistently exhibited improved sensor performance compared with the G4 PLATINUM. These improvements are expected to enable further advances in AP research.
Rituximab Combined with Chemotherapy and Interferon in Follicular Lymphoma Patients: Final Analysis of the GELA-GOELAMS FL2000 Study with a 5-Year Follow-Up. (2007)

Abstract Background. The FL2000 study evaluated the combination of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab with chemotherapy plus interferon in the first line treatment of follicular lymphoma patients. Methods. Untreated follicular lymphoma patients (n=359) presenting with a high tumor burden were randomly assigned to receive either 12 courses of the chemotherapy regimen CHVP (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, etoposide and prednisolone) plus interferon-α2a (CHVP+I arm) over 18 months or 6 courses of the same chemotherapy regimen combined with 6 infusions of 375 mg/m2 of rituximab and interferon for the same time period (R-CHVP+I arm). The primary endpoint of the study was event free survival and all results are shown as intent to treat. Results. Six months after treatment initiation, 156 out of 183 (85%) and 164 out of 175 (94%) patients had a response to therapy in the CHVP+I and R-CHVP+I study arm, respectively (P=.009). At the end of the 18 months treatment period, 59% and 75% of the patients were respectively in CR or CRu in the CHVP+I and R-CHVP+I arm (P&lt;.05). After a median follow-up of five years, event-free survival (EFS) estimates were respectively 37% [95% C.I. 29 – 44] and 53% [95% C.I. 45 – 60] in the CHVP+I and R-CHVP+I arm (P=.0004). Response duration in CR/CRu or PR patients at the end of the 18 months treatment was also improved in the R-CHVP+I arm (P=.012). 5-year overall survival (OS) estimates were not statistically different in the CHVP+I (79%) [95% C.I. 72 – 84]) and R-CHVP+I (84% [95% C.I. 78 – 84]) arms. The Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) score allowed separation of the whole study population into 3 different risk categories with significantly different outcome for each group both for 5 year EFS and OS (P&lt;.0001, respectively each). In a multivariate regression analysis, event free survival was significantly influenced by both the FLIPI score (HR=2.08; 95% C.I. [1.6 – 2.8]) and the treatment arm (HR=0.59; 95% C.I. [0.44 – 0.78]). In an exploratory analysis considering the 187 patients with a low/intermediate (&lt;3) FLIPI score, the outcome according to each treatment arm was not statistically different while the benefit of the rituximab combination was highly significant in term of EFS (P=.0002) and OS (P=.025) in the 162 patients with a high (≥3) FLIPI score. Conclusions. These results extend our previous interim analyses and confirm that with a five year follow-up, the combination of rituximab with CHVP+I provides superior disease control in follicular lymphoma patients despite a shorter duration of chemotherapy. However, this combination appears to benefit essentially to high risk patients for whom overall survival is also significantly improved.
Evolution of nematic fluctuations in\n CaK(Fe$_{1-x}$Ni$_{x}$)$_{4}$As$_{4}$ with spin-vortex crystal magnetic order (2020)

The CaK(Fe$_{1-x}$Ni$_{x}$)$_{4}$As$_{4}$ superconductors resemble the\narchetypal 122-type iron-based materials but have a crystal structure with\ndistinctly lower symmetry. This family hosts one of the few examples of the\nso-called spin-vortex crystal magnetic order, a non-collinear magnetic\nconfiguration that preserves tetragonal symmetry, in contrast to the\northorhombic collinear stripe-type magnetic configuration common to the\n122-type systems. Thus, nematic order is completely absent from its phase\ndiagram. To investigate the evolution of nematic fluctuations in such a case,\nwe present elastoresistance and elastic modulus measurements in\nCaK(Fe$_{1-x}$Ni$_{x}$)$_{4}$As$_{4}$ ($x = 0-0.05$) combined with\nphenomenological modeling and density functional theory. We find clear\nexperimental signatures of considerable nematic fluctuations, including\nsoftening of the Young's modulus $Y_{[110]}$ and a Curie-Weiss type divergence\nof the B2g elastoresistance coefficient in\nCaK(Fe$_{0.951}$Ni$_{0.049}$)$_4$As$_4$. Overall, nematic fluctuations within\nthis series bear strong similarities to the hole-doped\nBa$_{1-x}$K$_x$Fe$_2$As$_2$ series, including a substitution-induced sign\nchange. Our theoretical analysis addresses the effect of the specific crystal\nsymmetry of the 1144-type structure in determining its magnetic ground state\nand on the nematic fluctuations.\n
Distributed Management Information System Based on Components (2002)

This paper describes the structure and advantage of multi tier distributed application services suite from the point of view of information system design.It provides the implementing designs of distributed management information system based on components and compares these designs with other technique designs.And it sets out nicer application in the future of distributed management information system based on components.
Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of Dracaena cinnabari Balf. f. resin (2014)

Dracaena cinnabari Balf. f. (Family- Dracaenaceae) resin is a traditional medicine since ancient times in many cultures. Most of the pharmacological investigations of this resin have been addressed to its anti-microbial, anti-viral and antioxidant activities. However, anti-inflammatory activity of D. cinnabari resin is not evaluated so far. The present study indicates that methanol extract of D. cinnabari resin (MEDC) and one of its components, 4'-hydroxy-7,8-methylenedioxyhomoisoflavan (MHF) inhibited nitrite, TNF-α and IL-6 productions in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 with increase in their concentrations. Anti-inflammatory activities of these treatments were further confirmed by the reduction of rat hind paw edema. These results suggest that MEDC and MHF have potential anti-inflammatory activity at the selected doses.
Incremental Verification of Timing Constraints for Real-Time Systems (2005)

Testing constraints for real-time systems are usually verified through the satisfiability of propositional formulae. In this paper, we propose an alternative where the verification of timing constraints can be done by counting the number of truth assignments instead of boolean satisfiability. This number can also tell us how “far away” is a given specification from satisfying its safety assertion. Furthermore, specifications and safety assertions are often modified in an incremental fashion, where problematic bugs are fixed one at a time. To support this development, we propose an incremental algorithm for counting satisfiability. Our proposed incremental algorithm is optimal as no unnecessary nodes are created during each counting. This works for the class of path RTL. To illustrate this application, we show how incremental satisfiability counting can be applied to a well-known rail-road crossing example, particularly when its specification is still being refined.