gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Maximal expected benefits from lowering cholesterol in primary prevention for a high-risk population (2016)

Our estimation showed the maximal clinical benefit that could be reasonably expected by an intervention that would lower total cholesterol in high-risk patients.
Modeling Engine Spray/Wall Impingement (1988)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A computer model was used to study the impingement of sprays on walls. The spray model accounts for the effects of drop breakup, drop collision and coalescence, and the effect of drops on the gas turbulence. These effects have been shown to be important in high-pressure sprays where breakup of the liquid yields a core region near the nozzle containing large drops. A new submodel was developed to describe the spray/wall interaction process. The model uses an analogy with the oblique impact on a wall of liquid jets. Following impact, the trajectory of a drop is specified to be tangent to the wall surface. The computations were compared with recent endoscope pictures of engine sprays impinging on a piston bowl and also with constant-volume-bomb measurements of spray shape and penetration. Predictions of the effect of engine swirl, ambient gas pressure (density), wall inclination angle and the distance from the nozzle to the wall, were in good qualitative agreement with the experiments. The computations showed that small drops approaching the wall are deflected away by the stagnation flowfield which is set up in the gas near the wall; large drops strike the wall and then flow along the wall surface. The effect of gas swirl is to spread the liquid layer over the surface leading to higher vaporization and fuel-air mixing rates.&lt;/div&gt;
Deep Learning Investigation of Mass Spectrometry Analysis from Melanoma Samples (2019)

Deep learning has yet to be widely applied in the field of chemical gas sensing, in part due to the nature of this data. Many applications of chemical gas sensing suffer from a limited number of samples of high dimensional data. In this study, a novel data approach is introduced to address these issues and is applied to a dataset from mass spectrometry (MS) for melanoma detection. Samples were taken from 32 patients presenting with a dermatological mole. Various data analyses were performed. Traditional analysis such as primary component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and a perceptron were used. In addition, a 1-hidden layer, fully connected neural network (also known as a multilayer perceptron) and a deeper 5-hidden layer, fully connected neural network was trained to classify inputs as deriving from a melanoma or non-melanoma mole. We segmented each sample and trained the network to assign a probabilistic output interpreted as “confidence in melanoma” to each segment. Traditional inference testing on these confidence measures found highly significant differences in the outputs of the multilayer perceptrons between melanoma versus non-melanoma samples. This provides a statistically grounded approach to deep learning-based classification of small amounts of high dimensional data, given the ability to segment the samples into a sufficient number of inputs for model training.
Cross-linking of CD23 antigen by its natural ligand (IgE) or by anti-CD23 antibody prevents B lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation (1991)

The possible role of CD23 in the activation of human B lymphocytes was systematically investigated by examining the effect of: 1) anti-CD23 mAb; 2) IgE or IgE-immune complexes and; 3) native or recombinant soluble CD23 of different m.w., on B cell proliferation. Intact anti-CD23 mAb or its F(ab')2 fragments inhibit the proliferation of tonsillar B lymphocytes costimulated with either Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (SAC) or anti-IgM and IL-4. The antibody has no effect when IL-2 or LMW-BCGF is used as the second stimulant. The response of IL-4-pretreated B cells (expressing high levels of CD23) to anti-IgM together with IL-2 or B cell-derived B cell growth factor is inhibited by anti-CD23 mAb, indicating that this antibody prevents B cell activation regardless of the B cell activators but provided that the density of CD23 on B cells is sufficient. Anti-CD23 mAb markedly inhibits DNA synthesis only when added during the first 12 h of the culture and has no effect on the ongoing proliferation of CD23-bearing B cell blasts (SAC induced and IL-4 supported or EBV transformed). Monovalent Fab fragments of anti-CD23 mAb are inactive unless they are used in tandem with goat anti-mouse Fab suggesting that the inhibition is due to cross-linking of surface CD23. Most interestingly, polymeric IgE or IgE-immune complexes have the same effect as anti-CD23 and moreover they inhibit IgM production by SAC and IL4-stimulated B cells. The inhibiting effect of IgE or of anti-CD23 mAb is not due to their neutralization of soluble CD23 because these failed to display B cell growth factor activity under various experimental conditions. It is concluded that IgE-immune complexes may regulate activation and differentiation of CD23-bearing surfaceIgM/surfaceIgD precursor B lymphocytes.
Open-Label, Multicenter Study of Combined Intrathecal Morphine and Ziconotide: Addition of Morphine in Patients Receiving Ziconotide for Severe Chronic Pain (2007)

Objective. To assess the safety and efficacy of adding intrathecal morphine to intrathecal ziconotide in patients treated with stable ziconotide doses. Design. Multicenter, open-label study with a 4-week morphine titration phase during which ziconotide was held constant and an extension phase during which dosing of either drug could vary. Setting. Outpatient clinics. Patients. Patients with suboptimal pain relief receiving stable ziconotide doses (≥4.8 µg/day) in one of two ongoing ziconotide trials. Interventions. Ziconotide dosing remained constant during the titration phase; intrathecal morphine titration was based on each patient's daily systemic opioid dose at the study's start. During the extension phase, intrathecal ziconotide and morphine dosing were adjusted per investigator discretion. Outcome Measures. Safety was assessed primarily via adverse events. Efficacy was analyzed via percentage change on the visual analog scale of pain intensity and in weekly systemic opioid consumption. Results. Twenty-five patients enrolled. The most common (≥10% of patients in either study phase) study drug-related (i.e., ziconotide/morphine combination [or ziconotide monotherapy in the extension phase only]) treatment-emergent adverse events included dizziness, peripheral edema, pruritus, and nausea. From the initial visit to week 4, visual analog scale of pain intensity scores improved by a mean of 26.3% (95% confidence interval: 15.6%–37.1%) but varied during the extension phase (mean percentage change from the initial visit ranged from −0.4% at week 16 to −35.0% at week 72). Mean percentage decrease in systemic opioid consumption from the initial visit was 49.1% at week 4 and 51.2% at week 56 of the extension phase. Conclusions. Intrathecal morphine, combined with stable intrathecal ziconotide doses, reduced pain in patients with previously suboptimal pain relief on ziconotide monotherapy.
ortho-HYDROXY DERIVATIVES OF THE CARCINOGEN 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTortho-HYDROXY DERIVATIVES OF THE CARCINOGEN 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENEELIZABETH K. WEISBURGER and JOHN H. WEISBURGERCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1954, 19, 6, 964–972Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01371a014https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01371a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views78Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cross‐Metathesis Reactions of Vinyl‐Chlorins and ‐porphyrins Catalyzed by a “Second Generation” Grubbs′ Catalyst. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reliability of polynomial I/sub DS/-V/sub GS/-V/sub DS/ model fitted using harmonic-balance simulation (2006)

A distortion tear-down analysis technique based on harmonic-balance (HB) simulation and polynomial model fitting has been presented recently. However, the fitting of I/sub DS/-V/sub GS/-V/sub DS/ current source of LDMOS RF power transistor amplifier suffers from high correlation between controlling voltages V/sub GS/ and V/sub DS/. In this paper, the accuracy of the analysis results is discussed, and techniques to improve the reliability of the fitting are presented.
Vortex cooling for subambient temperature gas chromatography (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVortex cooling for subambient temperature gas chromatographyThomas J. BrunoCite this: Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 7, 1595–1596Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00298a080https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00298a080research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views109Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On the integration of dispatching and covering for emergency vehicles management system (2010)

In the vehicle management systems, two important issues have to be considered by managers: the dispatching problem with the aim of minimizing the response time for current emergency calls; and the covering problem with the objective of keeping proper coverage to satisfy future calls in best times. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the value, in term of service quality, of integrating the dispatching and covering problems in the same model. A heuristic algorithm, combining Ant optimization and Tabu search, is used as a solution approach. Several numerical examples are used to compare the integrated approach and the non-integrated one.
Characterization of Affinity-Purified Cell Wall-Binding Proteins ofSaccharomyces Cerevisiae: Possible Role in Flocculation (1995)

The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize the cell wall protein or proteins that mediate flocculation directly from yeast cell extracts. A urea/ mercaptoethanol extract of the yeast cell wall was prepared from flocculent yeast cells grown to stationary phase. Sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of the extract revealed a broad range of proteins ranging in apparent relative molecular mass from 20 to 85 kilodaltons (kDa). Periodic acid Schiff's staining, after SDS-PAGE, revealed several glycoprotein bands in the range of 40–80 kDa. Interestingly, the extracted proteins were able to partially inhibit the flocculation of yeast cells, whereas the extraction treatment itself greatly reduced the flocculence of the yeast. Taken together, these data suggest that the protein or proteins that mediate flocculation of these yeast cells are present in the urea/mercaptoethanol extract. Further fractionation of the extract on an immobilized yeast cell column in the presence of calcium resulted in only a single fraction with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) elution. However, analysis of this fraction by SDS-PAGE yielded several distinct proteins with apparent relative molecular masses of 20–65 kDa, all of which are presumably binding to the yeast cells in a calcium-dependent manner. Notably, no larger proteins were detected, suggesting that perhaps the putative FLOI protein (predicted molecular weight of 93–150 kDa) may have a regulatory role in flocculation, rather than mediating directly in the lectin-carbohydrate interaction.
VFTLP characteristics of ESD protection diodes in advanced bulk FinFET technology (2015)

Beyond 20nm nodes, bulk FinFET is the mainstream technology; however, new process options can result in significant impacts on intrinsic ESD performance. In this work, we study on vfTLP characteristics of two types of ESD diodes. The corresponding TCAD simulations bring an in-depth understanding on the physical mechanism of these ESD diodes.
JNK modifies neuronal metabolism to promote proteostasis and longevity (2019)

Aging is associated with a progressive loss of tissue and metabolic homeostasis. This loss can be delayed by single-gene perturbations, increasing lifespan. How such perturbations affect metabolic and proteostatic networks to extend lifespan remains unclear. Here, we address this question by comprehensively characterizing age-related changes in protein turnover rates in the Drosophila brain, as well as changes in the neuronal metabolome, transcriptome, and carbon flux in long-lived animals with elevated Jun-N-terminal Kinase signaling. We find that these animals exhibit a delayed age-related decline in protein turnover rates, as well as decreased steady-state neuronal glucose-6-phosphate levels and elevated carbon flux into the pentose phosphate pathway due to the induction of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). Over-expressing G6PD in neurons is sufficient to phenocopy these metabolic and proteostatic changes, as well as extend lifespan. Our study identifies a link between metabolic changes and improved proteostasis in neurons that contributes to the lifespan extension in long-lived mutants.
Expression of the familial cardiac valvular dystrophy gene, filamin‐A, during heart morphogenesis (2010)

Myxoid degeneration of the cardiac valves is a common feature in a heterogeneous group of disorders that includes Marfan syndrome and isolated valvular diseases. Mitral valve prolapse is the most common outcome of these and remains one of the most common indications for valvular surgery. While the etiology of the disease is unknown, recent genetic studies have demonstrated that an X-linked form of familial cardiac valvular dystrophy can be attributed to mutations in the Filamin-A gene. Since these inheritable mutations are present from conception, we hypothesize that filamin-A mutations present at the time of valve morphogenesis lead to dysfunction that progresses postnatally to clinically relevant disease. Therefore, by carefully evaluating genetic factors (such as filamin-A) that play a substantial role in MVP, we can elucidate relevant developmental pathways that contribute to its pathogenesis. In order to understand how developmental expression of a mutant protein can lead to valve disease, the spatio-temporal distribution of filamin-A during cardiac morphogenesis must first be characterized. Although previously thought of as a ubiquitously expressed gene, we demonstrate that filamin-A is robustly expressed in non-myocyte cells throughout cardiac morphogenesis including epicardial and endocardial cells, and mesenchymal cells derived by EMT from these two epithelia, as well as mesenchyme of neural crest origin. In postnatal hearts, expression of filamin-A is significantly decreased in the atrioventricular and outflow tract valve leaflets and their suspensory apparatus. Characterization of the temporal and spatial expression pattern of filamin-A during cardiac morphogenesis is a crucial first step in our understanding of how mutations in filamin-A result in clinically relevant valve disease.
Deficiency of leukocyte surface glycoproteins Mo1, LFA-1, and Leu M5 in a dog with recurrent bacterial infections: an animal model. (1987)

A dog with severe recurrent bacterial infections, impaired pus formation, delayed wound healing, and severe persistent leukocytosis was the result of a mother-son mating. Assessment of leukocyte function revealed profound abnormalities in adherence-dependent activities including impaired granulocyte adhesion to glass/plastic surfaces or nylon wool, decreased granulocyte aggregation and chemotaxis, and diminished lymphocyte blastogenesis, but normal neutrophil oxidative activity, serum immunoglobulin, and complement levels. By immunofluorescence analysis, CD11b and CD18 monoclonal antibodies specific for the 155-kd alpha polypeptide of Mo1 (gp 155, 94) and the 94 kd beta peptide common to Mo1, LFA-1 (gp 170, 94), and Leu M5 (p 150, 94) (surface molecules that promote leukocyte adhesion) failed to bind to unstimulated and A23187 calcium ionophore-stimulated granulocytes or mononuclear cells of the affected dog as compared with strong specific binding to canine control cells. The Mo1 glycoproteins were only barely detectable by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of immunoprecipitates from lysates of 125I surface-labeled neutrophils from the affected dog as compared with intense bands seen with canine control cell precipitates. We conclude that this dog has a severe leukocyte surface glycoprotein deficiency syndrome that is similar, if not identical, to that recently recognized in humans. Dogs with deficiency of leukocyte Mo1, LFA-1, and Leu M5 expression may represent a useful animal model to characterize further the molecular basis for an inherited disorder in leukocyte effector function.
A new adaptive MAC layer protocol for wireless ATM networks in harsh fading and interference environments (2002)

A new media access protocol is proposed for sharing a high speed radio channel among a number of small wireless packet access units, some of which may be stationary and some of which may be within moving vehicles. Such a system could provide fixed point, pedestrian and remote users with wireless access to CPU and database resources of an underlying ATM wireline network, essentially extending the ATM bandwidth-upon-demand interface directly to the wireless units and enabling delivery of multimedia services (albeit at the lower peak rate afforded by the radio channel). A primary goal of the proposed media access protocol is the pre-delivery of a signal from each packet access unit as needed to enable the deployment of a rapidly adaptive array antenna at the base station, thereby protecting the packet flow in each direction from the effects of both multipath propagation and adjacent channel interference arising in neighboring radio cells. An impairment-robust direct sequence spread spectrum-based polling signal is invoked to stimulate a pilot tone from a given remote immediately prior to packet transfer in either direction, thereby permitting the base station to determine a good set of antenna element combining or power splitting weights to be used for that packet. Reasonable approximations are invoked to study the performance of the proposed protocol, and link utilization efficiency and average message delay are found. By proper choice of protocol parameters, a radio resource utilization efficiency of about 95% is readily achieved. The accuracy of the approximations is confirmed by extensive computer simulations.
Mechanism of electron trapping in Ge-doped SiO2 glass (2001)

We present a possible mechanism of electron trapping in Ge-doped SiO2 glass on the basis of first-principles quantum chemical calculations on clusters of atoms modeling the local structures in the glassy system. The calculations suggest that the so-called “Ge(1) and Ge(2)” centers are distinctly different electron centers rather than GeO4− variants and that an electron trapped at an oxygen vacancy site is a promising candidate for Ge(2).
Improvement of muscle function in acid maltase deficiency by high‐protein therapy (1983)

Progressive muscle weakness in acid maltase deficiency (AMD) is associated with intralysosomal accumulation of glycogen and altered myofibrillar morphology. A rapid fall in circulating branched chain amino acids after protein ingestion in a child with AMD suggested that increased net muscle protein catabolism may play a part in the pathogenesis of this condition. To reduce this muscle catabolism, the patient was treated with a high-protein diet for 12 months. This has reversed the weakness and wasting, with improvement in muscle function, exercise tolerance, and growth.
New Three Dimensional High Density S-SGT Flash Memory Architecture using Self-Aligned Interconnection Fabricating Technology without Photo Lithography Process for Tera Bits and Beyond (2003)

2003 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,New Three Dimensional High Density S-SGT Flash Memory Architecture using Self-Aligned Interconnection Fabricating Technology without Photo Lithography Process for Tera Bits and Beyond
Ultra‐Fast One‐Step Fabrication of Cu2Se Thermoelectric Legs With Ni–Al Electrodes by Plasma‐Activated Reactive Sintering Technique (2016)

In this study, a novel ultra‐fast method is developed to fabricate thermoelectric (TE) legs and electrodes from raw elemental materials in just one‐step plasma‐activated reactive sintering (PARS) process. We have demonstrated this approach with TE legs made of Cu 2 Se and the Ni–Al multiphase composite electrode. The obtained Cu 2 Se material shows a maximum ZT value of 0.9 at 773 K. The lowest specific interfacial resistivity of the as‐prepared Cu 2 Se/electrode junction is about 30 mΩ cm 2 at room temperature. The interfacial bonding strength is about 10 MPa. This method shows great prospects for large‐scale, low‐cost, and rapid fabrication of thermoelectric modules.