gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Kidney Function Throughout the Heart Failure Trajectory – A Position Statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology (2020)

Appropriate interpretation of changes in markers of kidney function is essential during the treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Historically, kidney function was primarily assessed by serum creatinine and the calculation of estimated glomerular filtration rate. An increase in serum creatinine, also termed worsening renal function, commonly occurs in patients with heart failure, especially during acute heart failure episodes. Even though worsening renal function is associated with worse outcome on a population level, the interpretation of such changes within the appropriate clinical context helps to correctly assess risk and determine further treatment strategies. Additionally, it is becoming increasingly recognized that assessment of kidney function is more than just glomerular filtration rate alone. As such, a better evaluation of sodium and water handling by the renal tubules allows to determine the efficiency of loop diuretics (loop diuretic response and efficiency). Also, though neurohumoral blockers may induce modest deteriorations in glomerular filtration rate, their use is associated with improved long-term outcome. Therefore, a better understanding of the role of cardio-renal interactions in heart failure in symptom development, disease progression and prognosis is essential. Indeed, perhaps even misinterpretation of kidney function is a leading cause of not attaining decongestion in acute heart failure and insufficient dosing of guideline-directed medical therapy in general. This position paper of the Heart Failure Association Working Group on Cardio-Renal Dysfunction aims at improving insights into the interpretation of renal function assessment in the different heart failure states, with the goal of improving heart failure care.
(Invited) Optical Tweezers to Isolate Single Er Ion Emitter Containing Nanocrystals and in-Situ Perovskite Quantum Dot Analysis (2022)

We have used optical tweezers with shaped apertures in metal films to hold onto individual nanoparticles including erbium containing nanoparticles and perovskite quantum dots. In this talk, I will talk about our ability to isolate nanocrystals with just one erbium emitter, paving the way for single photon sources at low loss fiber wavelengths. I will also talk about our new work on in-situ characterization and assembly of perovskite quantum dots, allowing to relate size to emission wavelength and look at quantum hybridization.
Clinical Outcomes of Hip Arthroscopy: A Prospective Survival Analysis of Primary and Revision Surgeries in a Large Mixed Cohort (2016)

Recent hip arthroscopy literature has focused on revision hip arthroscopies and conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA) or hip resurfacing (HR). This study reports a survival analysis at minimum two-year follow-up after hip arthroscopy and compares clinical outcomes of primary versus revision hip arthroscopy.
Decision tree analysis to better control treatment effects in spinal cord injury clinical research (2019)

Appropriate stratification factors are fundamental to accurately identify treatment effects. Inclusion of AOSC type improves stratification, and use of the 6 stratification groups could minimize confounding effects of variable neurological recovery so that effective treatments can be identified.
Dicyanoketenimine (Cyanoform) (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDicyanoketenimine (Cyanoform)S. TrofimenkoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 1, 217–218Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01036a503https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01036a503research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views177Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Enterovirus D68 Infection in Children with Acute Flaccid Myelitis, Colorado, USA, 2014 (2016)

During August 8, 2014-October 14, 2014, a total of 11 children with acute flaccid myelitis and distinctive neuroimaging changes were identified near Denver, Colorado, USA. A respiratory prodrome was experienced by 10, and nasopharyngeal specimens were positive for enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) for 4. To determine whether an association exists between EV-D68 infection and acute flaccid myelitis, we conducted a retrospective case-control study comparing these patients with 2 groups of outpatient control children (1 group tested for acute respiratory illness and 1 for Bordetella pertussis infection). Adjusted analyses indicated that, for children with acute flaccid myelitis, the odds of having EV-D68 infection were 10.3 times greater than for those tested for acute respiratory infection and 4.5 times greater than for those tested for B. pertussis infection. No statistical association was seen between acute flaccid myelitis and non-EV-D68 enterovirus or rhinovirus infection. These findings support an association between EV-D68 infection and acute flaccid myelitis.
Finerenone in Predominantly Advanced CKD and Type 2 Diabetes With or Without Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Therapy (2021)

UACR improvement was observed with finerenone in patients with CKD and T2D already receiving SGLT-2is at baseline, and benefits on kidney and cardiovascular outcomes appear consistent irrespective of use of SGLT-2i.
Patients with isolated REM-sleep behavior disorder have elevated levels of alpha-synuclein aggregates in stool (2023)

Misfolded and aggregated α-synuclein is a neuropathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). Thus, α-synuclein aggregates are regarded as a biomarker for the development of diagnostic assays. Quantification of α-synuclein aggregates in body fluids is challenging, and requires highly sensitive and specific assays. Recent studies suggest that α-synuclein aggregates may be shed into stool. We used surface-based fluorescence intensity distribution analysis (sFIDA) to detect and quantify single particles of α-synuclein aggregates in stool of 94 PD patients, 72 isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) patients, and 51 healthy controls. We measured significantly elevated concentrations of α-synuclein aggregates in stool of iRBD patients versus those of controls (p = 0.024) or PD patients (p < 0.001). Our results show that α-synuclein aggregates are excreted in stool and can be measured using the sFIDA assay, which could support the diagnosis of prodromal synucleinopathies.
Dendritic Cells Release HLA-B-Associated Transcript-3 Positive Exosomes to Regulate Natural Killer Function (2008)

NKp30, a natural cytotoxicity receptor expressed on NK cells is critically involved in direct cytotoxicity against various tumor cells and directs both maturation and selective killing of dendritic cells. Recently the intracellular protein BAT3, which is involved in DNA damage induced apoptosis, was identified as a ligand for NKp30. However, the mechanisms underlying the exposure of the intracellular ligand BAT3 to surface NKp30 and its role in NK-DC cross talk remained elusive. Electron microscopy and flow cytometry demonstrate that exosomes released from 293T cells and iDCs express BAT3 on the surface and are recognized by NKp30-Ig. Overexpression and depletion of BAT3 in 293T cells directly correlates with the exosomal expression level and the activation of NK cell-mediated cytokine release. Furthermore, the NKp30-mediated NK/DC cross talk resulting either in iDC killing or maturation was BAT3-dependent. Taken together this puts forward a new model for the activation of NK cells through intracellular signals that are released via exosomes from accessory cells. The manipulation of the exosomal regulation may offer a novel strategy to induce tumor immunity or inhibit autoimmune diseases caused by NK cell-activation.
Reduction of the Retention of 238Pu Inhaled as the Tributylphosphate Complex in Rats Treated by 3,4,3-LIHOPO (1994)

The ability of 3,4,3-LIHOPO, used at a dosage of 3 µmol.kg-1 of body weight, has been tested in Sprague-Dawley rats for reducing the retention of plutonium after inhalation of 238Pu-TBP. The comparison was made with DTPA, the reference substance for treatment in man. With low lung deposit (about 7 kBq) it was shown that the 3,4,3-LIHOPO was always more effective than DTPA, even at lower dosage. When the contamination level was higher (25 kBq) DTPA was more effective. In each case, the importance of prompt treatment after contamination is emphasised.
Anatomy of the Respiratory Neural Network (2022)

We provide an overview of the neuroanatomy of the respiratory control system including the circuitry that generates and transmits breathing rhythm; the efferent interneurons that carry information to the motor pools and the musculature of the chest wall, diaphragm, and upper airways; as well as the afferent pathways that provide mechano- and chemosensory feedback to modify respiration and maintain appropriate physiological blood gases. We also describe the genes and transcription factors that organize the respiratory neural control system during development. We briefly summarize clinical conditions caused by genetic or developmental factors as they pertain to respiratory anatomy and physiology. Our overarching goal is to provide the clinician with a state-of-the-art understanding of respiratory neuroanatomy.
Explanation of Product Distribution of Hydrocracking Reaction of Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Nickel-Loaded Zeolites Based on CAMD Study on Interaction between Zeolites and Substrates (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExplanation of Product Distribution of Hydrocracking Reaction of Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Nickel-Loaded Zeolites Based on CAMD Study on Interaction between Zeolites and SubstratesHisaji Matsui, Kenji Akagi, Satoru Murata, and Masakatsu NomuraCite this: Energy Fuels 1995, 9, 3, 435–438Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00051a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00051a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views196Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Information Retrieval On Empty Fields (2007)

We explore the problem of retrieving semi-structured documents from a realworld collection using a structured query. We formally develop Structured Relevance Models (SRM), a retrieval model that is based on the idea that plausible values for a given field could be inferred from the context provided by the other fields in the record. We then carry out a set of experiments using a snapshot of the National Science Digital Library (NSDL) repository, and queries that only mention fields missing from the test data. For such queries, typical field matching would retrieve no documents at all. In contrast, the SRM approach achieves a mean average precision of over twenty percent. 1
Human AKR1C Isoforms Oxidize the Potent Proximate Carcinogen 7,12-DMBA-3,4-diol in the Human Lung A549 Carcinoma Cell Line (2002)

Aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) oxidize structurally diverse PAH trans -dihydrodiols to yield reactive and redox active o -quinones. This study examined the ability of AKR1C2 and AKR1C4 to oxidize PAH trans -dihydrodiols of the benz[ a ]anthracene series. The enzymes oxidized 100% of the racemic trans -dihydrodiols and the highest utilization ratios were observed for the more potent proximate carcinogens 7,12-dimethylbenz[ a ]anthracene-3,4-diol (DMBA-3,4-diol) and 7-methylbenz[ a ]anthracene-3,4-diol (7-MBA-3,4-diol). Human multiple tissue expression array analysis revealed high expression of AKR1C isoforms in the human lung carcinoma cell line A549. Both Western blot analysis using AKR1C9 antisera and enzymatic assays using 1-acenapthanol as substrate confirmed the presence of active AKR1C enzymes in A549 cells. To determine the importance of AKR1C-mediated trans -dihydrodiol oxidation in A549 cells, DMBA-3,4-diol was incubated with cell lysates in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometric analysis identified peaks that corresponded to the synthetically prepared mono- and bis -thioether conjugates of DMBA-3,4-dione confirming the ability of these cells to oxidize DMBA-3,4-diol to the corresponding o -quinone. Together, these studies demonstrate the importance of human AKR1Cs in PAH activation and their possible role in lung cancer.
Mesh R-CNN (2019)

Rapid advances in 2D perception have led to systems that accurately detect objects in real-world images. However, these systems make predictions in 2D, ignoring the 3D structure of the world. Concurrently, advances in 3D shape prediction have mostly focused on synthetic benchmarks and isolated objects. We unify advances in these two areas. We propose a system that detects objects in real-world images and produces a triangle mesh giving the full 3D shape of each detected object. Our system, called Mesh R-CNN, augments Mask R-CNN with a mesh prediction branch that outputs meshes with varying topological structure by first predicting coarse voxel representations which are converted to meshes and refined with a graph convolution network operating over the mesh's vertices and edges. We validate our mesh prediction branch on ShapeNet, where we outperform prior work on single-image shape prediction. We then deploy our full Mesh R-CNN system on Pix3D, where we jointly detect objects and predict their 3D shapes.
Orientation of Adsorbed Antibodies on Charged Surfaces by Computer Simulation Based on a United-Residue Model (2003)

In this work, we develop a new residue-based protein−surface interaction potential model. With this model, the adsorption and orientation of two antibodies, IgG1 and IgG2a, are studied by Monte Carlo simulations. Effects of surface charge density and sign, and solution ionic strength are examined in our simulations. Simulation results show that van der Waals and electrostatic interactions codetermine the orientation of adsorbed antibodies. At low surface charge density and high solution ionic strength, where van der Waals interactions dominate, both IgG1 and IgG2a exhibit multiple orientations. At high surface charge density and low solution ionic strength, where electrostatic interactions dominate, there are preferred orientations for these two antibodies on both positively and negatively charged surfaces, which are verified by experimental results. Due to a smaller dipole moment, IgG2a has more possible orientations than IgG1. IgG1 adsorbed on a positively charged surface shows an “end-on” orientation, which is well suited for biosensor applications. The simulation methodology and model could be directly applied to predict the adsorption and orientation of other proteins and to provide a fundamental understanding of their behavior on surfaces at the molecular level.
Well-defined silicon patterns by imprinting of liquid silicon (2016)

“Liquid silicon”, a polymeric precursor for semiconducting silicon, was directly imprinted to form well-defined silicon patterns.
The Shiny Balancer - software and imbalance criteria for optimally balanced treatment allocation in small RCTs and cRCTs (2018)

The Shiny Balancer offers the possibility to visually explore the balancing properties of several well established or newly suggested imbalance metrics, and its use is particularly advocated in clinical studies with few randomisation units, as it is typically the case in cluster randomised trials.
Massively parallel sort-merge joins in main memory multi-core database systems (2012)

Two emerging hardware trends will dominate the database system technology in the near future: increasing main memory capacities of several TB per server and massively parallel multi-core processing. Many algorithmic and control techniques in current database technology were devised for disk-based systems where I/O dominated the performance. In this work we take a new look at the well-known sort-merge join which, so far, has not been in the focus of research in scalable massively parallel multi-core data processing as it was deemed inferior to hash joins. We devise a suite of new massively parallel sort-merge (MPSM) join algorithms that are based on partial partition-based sorting. Contrary to classical sort-merge joins, our MPSM algorithms do not rely on a hard to parallelize final merge step to create one complete sort order. Rather they work on the independently created runs in parallel. This way our MPSM algorithms are NUMA-affine as all the sorting is carried out on local memory partitions. An extensive experimental evaluation on a modern 32-core machine with one TB of main memory proves the competitive performance of MPSM on large main memory databases with billions of objects. It scales (almost) linearly in the number of employed cores and clearly outperforms competing hash join proposals -- in particular it outperforms the "cutting-edge" Vectorwise parallel query engine by a factor of four.
Spaltung von Estern und Ethern mit Iodtrimethylsilan (1976)

Ein neues Reagens zur Esterspaltung ist Iodtrimethylsilan ( 1 ), das sich unter milden Bedingungen in wasserfreier Lösung zunächst zum Silylester umsetzt. magnified image
Diastereoselective Tandem Diels-Alder Macrocyclizations Starting from Sorbyl or Sorboyl Derivatives (2008)

A novel class of diastereomeric macrocycles was synthesized via tandem Diels-Alder reactions of prochiral double sorbyl or sorboyl derivatives and short-bridged bis-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-diones.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Endophenotype-based in silico network medicine discovery combined with insurance record data mining identifies sildenafil as a candidate drug for Alzheimer's disease. (2021)

Read the full review for this Faculty Opinions recommended article: Endophenotype-based in silico network medicine discovery combined with insurance record data mining identifies sildenafil as a candidate drug for Alzheimer’s disease.
Electronic, Optical, Morphological, Transport, and Electrochemical Properties of PEDOT: A Theoretical Perspective (2021)

Among all conducting polymers, PEDOT or poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) has a special place within the field of organic electronics due to its outstanding conductivity, stability, and processability. Since PEDOT was first synthesized in the late 1980s, a massive amount of knowledge has been accumulated about its morphological, structural, electrical, and optical properties, along with its applications in various devices. Notably, however, is that the vast majority of the reports in the field are purely experimental, without any theoretical support from simulation and modeling. In many other fields of material science, molecular modeling has already become a standard tool for guiding the experimental work. For PEDOT, the lack of the theoretical understanding of many important aspects of the material properties and device functionality leads to misconceptions and controversial issues hindering the progress in the field. The purpose of this Perspective is to fill the knowledge gaps and to present the current state-of-the art of the theoretical understanding of PEDOT. As theoretical understanding is essential to correctly interpretate experimental results and for the design of materials and devices with better performance, this Perspective targets equally experimental and theoretical communities working on PEDOT and related materials. We also hope that this Perspective will attract further attention of the computational community, which would help to bring the theoretical understanding of PEDOT to the levels already achieved in many other fields of material science.
BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM A MARINE SPONGE DERIVED FUNGUS Penicillium oxalicum WR3 (2020)

Chromatographic workup on ethyl acetate extract of fungus culture, Penicillium oxalicum WR3, isolated from the marine sponge Haliclona fascigera, collected from Mandeh Island, south coast of West Sumatera, Indonesia, resulted in the isolation of two known fungal metabolites, culvularin (1) and sydowinin B (2). These compounds were evaluated for the antibacterial towards Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), as well as cytotoxic activities against Hela, T47D, and WiDR cell lines. Based on the results of the antibacterial assay, both compounds revealed relatively weak inhibition towards both tested bacterial strains when treated at a concentration of 125 g/disc and 500 g/disc, respectively. Furthermore, compound 1 showed mild cytotoxicity against the human cancer cell lines, T47D and HeLa, with IC50 values of 142.66 ppm and 164.88 ppm, respectively.
Die Evolution der Histokompatibilitätsantigene (2022)

Was unterscheidet den Menschen vom Schwein – immunologisch betrachtet? Und warum haben alle Säugetiere Transplantationsantigene, obwohl nur der Mensch Organe transplantiert? Durch die erste Transplantation eines genetisch veränderten Schweineherzens auf einen Menschen gewinnen solche scheinbar ungewöhnlichen Fragen an medizinischer Bedeutung.
Nonstationary chaos in acoustic emission from lathes (1997)

Acoustic emission (AE) signals have tremendous promise for monitoring machining processes, but current understanding of AE generation is very limited. In addition, existing techniques to analyze these signals are inadequate. Presented here is a new approach to analyze AE signals based on thorough characterization of the dynamics underlying the signals. The signals were collected from extensive experimentation on five different lathes, performed under various cutting conditions, with different tool–work combinations and sampling rates. First, a battery of statistical tests was applied on the collected AE signals. Tests revealed that AE in turning is chaotic with fractal dimensions ranging between three and six. But owing to nonstationarity, chaos was not clearly revealed in the lag plots. Next, the transients were quantified, based on a compact representation scheme that was developed—called suboptimal wavelet packet representation—that captured all salient features of the AE signals. This representation scheme was used in developing a neural network-based estimator for on-line monitoring of tool wear.