gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The X11α Protein Slows Cellular Amyloid Precursor Protein Processing and Reduces Aβ40 and Aβ42 Secretion (1998)

Constitutive amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism results in the generation of soluble APP (APPs) and Abeta peptides, including Abeta40 and Abeta42-the major component of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease brain. The phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domain of X11 binds to a peptide containing a YENPTY motif found in the carboxyl terminus of APP. We have cloned the full-length X11 gene now referred to as X11alpha. Coexpression of X11alpha with APP results in comparatively greater levels of cellular APP and less APPs, Abeta40, and Abeta42 recovered in conditioned medium of transiently transfected HEK 293 cells. These effects are impaired by a single missense mutation of either APP (Y682G within the YENPTY motif) or X11alpha (F608V within the PTB domain), which diminishes their interaction, thus demonstrating specificity. The inhibitory effect of X11alpha on Abeta40 and Abeta42 secretion is amplified by coexpression with the Swedish mutation of APP (K595N/M596L), which promotes its amyloidogenic processing. Pulse-chase analysis demonstrates that X11alpha prolongs the half-life of APP from approximately 2 h to approximately 4 h. The effects of X11alpha on cellular APP and APPs recovery were confirmed in a 293 cell line stably transfected with APP. The specific binding of the PTB domain of X11alpha to the YENPTY motif-containing peptide of APP appears to slow cellular APP processing and thus reduces recovery of its soluble fragments APPs, Abeta40, and Abeta42 in conditioned medium of transfected HEK 293 cells. X11alpha may be involved in APP trafficking and metabolism in neurons and thus may be implicated in amyloidogenesis in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease brain.
Optimization of nutritional requirements for gentamicin production by Micromonospora echinospora. (2006)

Effect of various fermentation media, carbon sources, nitrogen sources, phosphate concentration and culture requirements includes inoculum levels and age were determined on gentamicin production and biomass dry weight production for Micromonospora echinospora, a gentamicin producing strain. Of the substrates tested, starch as a sole carbon source promoted maximal gentamicin production, while maltose promoted maximal growth. Yeast extract as a sole nitrogen source promoted maximal growth, while soyabean meal for gentamicin production. Increasing phosphate concentration enhanced gentamicin production and observed optimum production at 1.2 g/1 (6% v/v) of phosphate having 72 h old inoculum in the medium. Highest gentamicin production was obtained after cultivation with shaking for 120 h in a medium containing starch 0.75% (w/v), soyabean meal 0.5%, K2HPO4 0.12%, CaCO3 0.4%, FeSO4 0.003% and CoCl2 0.0001%. The gentamicin production was 1.2-fold in this medium as compared to basal medium.
Endoscopic balloon dilatation of Crohn's strictures: a safe method to defer surgery in selective cases (2016)

EBD is safe for both primary and post-surgical strictures. Stricture length and diameter of dilatation are predictive of success. In selected patients, treatment with EBD may reduce or delay the need for surgery.
Cache-, hash-, and space-efficient bloom filters (2009)

A Bloom filter is a very compact data structure that supports approximate membership queries on a set, allowing false positives. We propose several new variants of Bloom filters and replacements with similar functionality. All of them have a better cache-efficiency and need less hash bits than regular Bloom filters. Some use SIMD functionality, while the others provide an even better space efficiency. As a consequence, we get a more flexible trade-off between false-positive rate, space-efficiency, cache-efficiency, hash-efficiency, and computational effort. We analyze the efficiency of Bloom filters and the proposed replacements in detail, in terms of the false-positive rate, the number of expected cache-misses, and the number of required hash bits. We also describe and experimentally evaluate the performance of highly tuned implementations. For many settings, our alternatives perform better than the methods proposed so far.
Quantification of noninvasive fat reduction: A systematic review (2017)

For quantifying noninvasive fat reduction, all available methods had significant limitations: photographic comparisons were subjective; circumference or caliper measurements were confounded; ultrasound was operator dependent; MRI was expensive; computed models and simulations were in early development. As new technologies are developed, the need for reliable, accurate and practical measures of subcutaneous fat will increase. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:96-110, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Attacking Heterogeneity in Schizophrenia by Deriving Clinical Subgroups From Widely Available Symptom Data (2017)

Previous research has identified (1) a "deficit" subtype of schizophrenia characterized by enduring negative symptoms and diminished emotionality and (2) a "distress" subtype associated with high emotionality-including anxiety, depression, and stress sensitivity. Individuals in deficit and distress categories differ sharply in development, clinical course and behavior, and show distinct biological markers, perhaps signaling different etiologies. We tested whether deficit and distress subtypes would emerge from a simple but novel data-driven subgrouping analysis, based on Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) negative and distress symptom dimensions, and whether subgrouping was informative regarding other facets of behavior and brain function. PANSS data, and other assessments, were available for 549 people with schizophrenia diagnoses. Negative and distress symptom composite scores were used as indicators in 2-step cluster analyses, which divided the sample into low symptom (n = 301), distress (n = 121), and deficit (n = 127) subgroups. Relative to the low-symptom group, the deficit and distress subgroups had comparably higher total PANSS symptoms (Ps < .001) and were similarly functionally impaired (eg, global functioning [GAF] Ps < .001), but showed markedly different patterns on symptom, cognitive and personality variables, among others. Initial analyses of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from a 182-participant subset of the full sample also suggested distinct patterns of neural recruitment during working memory. The field seeks more neuroscience-based systems for classifying psychiatric conditions, but these are inescapably behavioral disorders. More effective parsing of clinical and behavioral traits could identify homogeneous target groups for further neural system and molecular studies, helping to integrate clinical and neuroscience approaches.
An 8×3.2Gb/s Parallel Receiver with Collaborative Timing Recovery (2008)

This paper explores the architecture and design of an 8x3.2 Gb/s parallel receiver that relies on collaborative timing recovery. Given synchrony between parallel data channels, per-channel clock recovery can be replaced by a single global timing-recovery (TR) block to save power. Moreover, collecting timing-error information across all of the data channels greatly enhances effective edge transition density, which decreases dithering jitter on the recovered clock.
Random Number Generators Based on Metastable Behavior in Double-Scroll Chaotic Attractors (2022)

This paper presents the numerical analysis, circuit implementation and simulation of a random number generator (RNG) exploiting the metastable behavior arising in a double scroll chaotic attractor. Random bits are generated by sampling a regular clock signal at times when a jump between scrolls of the chaotic attractor occurs. The double-scroll chaotic oscillator used in this study is implemented using mosfet transistors and metal-insulator-metal (mim) capacitors at 65nm TSMC process. The overall monolithic RNG circuit consists of a chaotic attractor, a Schmitt trigger and a dual edge triggered D flip-flop. The RNG circuit is simulated in time domain using Cadence Analog Design Environment. Then to generate the output bit stream, a regular clock signal is sampled when the chaotic signal jumps from one of the scrolls to the other representing the metastable characteristic of chaos. The event of jump between scrolls is detected using the mosfet based Schmitt trigger and an irregular clock signal is generated which is used to sample a regular clock signal by using a dual-edge triggered D flip-flop to generate RNG output. The generated bit stream is demonstrated to satisfy the NIST 800–22 statistical randomness test suite. The layout of the proposed RNG is also given along with the circuit schematic. The area of the RNG is approximately <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$0.004\ mm^{2}$</tex> , the power consumption is <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$30\ \mu W$</tex> , and the data throughput is approximately <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$0.72\ Mbps$</tex> .
Neuropathic pain sensations are differentially sensitive to dextrorphan (1994)

Rats with an experimental painful peripheral neuropathy (the CCI model) display heat-hyperalgesia and mechanoallodynia. Previous work has shown that the heat-hyperalgesia is suppressed by dextrorphan (DEX) and other N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists. The present work shows that when tested in the same rats, a dose of DEX that is maximally effective against heat-hyperalgesia has no effect on mechano-allodynia. The results suggest that different kinds of abnormal pain sensations may be caused by different pathophysiologic mechanisms that may respond differently to drug therapy.
Role of micro‐heterogeneities on fabric, stress, and elastic anisotropy in granular media (2011)

We report the effect of micro‐scale contact heterogeneities on fabric, stress, and elastic anisotropy in granular media using granular dynamics simulation. Uniaxial compaction (with zero lateral strain) of initially isotropic frictional grain packs is the source of anisotropy in our computational experiments. We provide evidence of fabric anisotropy using second order fabric tensor. Further, the horizontal‐to‐axial stress ratio (K0) evolves non‐linearly and becomes constant with increasing uniaxial compaction. This stress ratio depends on the grain‐to‐grain friction, and possibly on “granular jamming”. We also show that the usual linear elasticity‐based expressions for estimating stress ratio are not good predictors for uniaxial compaction. We further estimate key elastic stiffness elements (C11, C33, C44, and C66). Analogous to our earlier results on isotropic compaction, we observe infinitesimal grain relaxation (without sliding) while computing elastic stiffness constants. We present functional forms of pressure dependent relaxation corrections for these constants.
Supplementary Table from Long-Term Survival Analysis of Adjuvant Chemotherapy with or without Trastuzumab in Patients with T1, Node-Negative HER2-Positive Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary table 1. Restricted mean survival time (RMST) analysis of overall survival in patients with pT1N0M0 HER2-positive breast cancer who received no adjuvant chemotherapy (group A) or adjuvant chemotherapy only (group B).&lt;/p&gt;
Comparison of high‐dose (86.4  G y) IMRT vs combined brachytherapy plus IMRT for intermediate‐risk prostate cancer (2013)

Enhanced dose escalation using combo-RT was associated with superior PSA-RFS and DMFS outcomes for patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer compared with high-dose IMRT alone at a dose of 86.4 Gy. While acute GU toxicities were more prevalent in the combo-RT group, the incidence of late GI and GU toxicities was similar between the treatment groups.
Dynamic population pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic modelling and simulation supports similar efficacy in glycosylated haemoglobin response with once or twice‐daily dosing of canagliflozin (2016)

Simulations using this model demonstrated the absence of clinically meaningful between-regimen differences in efficacy, supported the regulatory approval of a canagliflozin-metformin immediate release fixed-dose combination tablet and alleviated the need for an additional clinical study.
Antenna agnostic feed cancellation STAR system for improved cancellation (2020)

Due to increased consumer demand for higher data rates, additional but discontinuous frequency bands will be allocated for commercial use. As a result, only a small percentage of the RF spectrum will be assigned to US departments and agencies. This spectrum shrinkage has led to the development of creative techniques for efficient spectrum utilization. A well-known technique to better utilize existing bandwidth is that of “Same Frequency — Simultaneous Transmit and Receive” (SF-STAR). SF-STAR allows for concurrent transmission and reception of RF signals across the entire available bandwidth to double throughput. A major challenge in realizing STAR is the high power transmitted (Tx) signal coupling into the collocated receiver (Rx), resulting in direct interference. As a result, implementation of SF-STAR requires significant isolation of 90 dB to 120 dB between the transmitter and receiver. To achieve this, we must (1) cancel interference caused by the transmitter itself that is collocated with the receiving antenna; (2) remove multipath transmitted signals; (3) suppress spurious signals from nearby interferers; and (4) cancel noise from the transmitting chain via self-interference cancellation (SIC). In this paper, we present an interference-cancellation circuit that is antenna agnostic and achieves isolation up to 60 dB at the antenna stage across 400 MHz of instantaneous bandwidth. In addition, we present an SF-STAR cancellation that employs RF cancellation filters to provide ∼70 dB cancellation across 1 GHz of instantaneous bandwidth.
Mobility-limited polyarylamine biscarbonate ester (PABC) /[6,6]-phenyl $C_{61}$ butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) bulk heterojunction photovoltaic device (2016)

Photovoltaic (PV) devices made from blends of a polyarylamine biscarbonate ester (PABC) and [6,6]-phenyl $C_{61}$ butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) have been fabricated and characterized. PABC is a hole transporting co-polymer prepared from reacting N,N'diphenyl-N,N'bis(3-hydroxyphenyl)1,1;biphenyl(4,4'diamine), diethylene glycol bischloroformate, and triethylemine. By varying the polymer loading in the blend, optimal power conversion efficiency (PCE) of approximately 0.45\% has been achieved for a blend consisting of 25 wt\% PABC, which is an order of magnitude higher than the PCE for a 45 wt\% blend. The optimal ratio is at about 0.44:0.56 molar ratio of the active hole transporting to electron transporting moieties. Results of mobility studies suggest that blends with higher PABC loading have efficiencies limited by 'hole' transport. Also responsible for the lower efficiency at higher PABC concentrations was optical filtering. The efficiency does not appear to be limited by deep charge trapping. Density functional theory calculations conducted pointed toward a strong localization of the frontier orbitals, which might offer an explanation for the low PABC hole mobility. Calculated frontier orbital energy levels found band gap to be consistent with the $V_{OC}$ measured.
A novel narrowband interference canceller for OFDM systems (2004)

Narrowband interference (NBI) will degrade the performance in an OFDM system not only on the overlapped subcarriers, but also on the nearby subchannels due to the spectral leakage effect of DFT demodulation. In this paper we proposed a novel NBI suppression method in the case that NBI is caused by a narrowband digital communication system. We estimate the "transmitted data" of NBI signal and reconstruct its waveform, by measuring interference information on certain unmodulated subcarriers. And then subtract estimated disturbance in frequency domain. Simulation results show that this method can achieve an average SINR gain about 6 dB on a multipath fading channel, when the interference has equal power with the desired signal and twice bandwidth of an OFDM bin. With less bandwidth of NBI, more performance gain will be obtained.
Does a Cemented Cage Improve Revision THA for Severe Acetabular Defects? (2010)

Level IV, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
An in-the-wild study of learning mid-air gestures to browse hierarchical information at a large interactive public display (2015)

This paper describes the design and evaluation of our Media Ribbon, a large public interactive display for browsing hierarchical information, with mid-air gestures. Browsing a hierarchical information space is a fundamental form of interaction. Designing learnable mid-air gestures is a current challenge for large display interaction. Our in-the-wild evaluation draws on 41 days of quantitative log data, with 4484 gestures detected, and qualitative data from 15 interviews, and associated video. We explored: whether our design enabled people to learn the gestures; how our tutorial and feedback mechanisms supported learning; and the effectiveness of support for browsing hierarchical information. Our contributions are: (1) design of large public display for browsing of hierarchical information; (2) with its gesture set; (3) insights into the ways people learn and use this interface in our context; and (4) guidelines for designing learnable mid-air gestures.
Personalized Epigenomic Signatures That Are Stable Over Time and Covary with Body Mass Index (2010)

The epigenome consists of non-sequence-based modifications, such as DNA methylation, that are heritable during cell division and that may affect normal phenotypes and predisposition to disease. Here, we have performed an unbiased genome-scale analysis of ~4 million CpG sites in 74 individuals with comprehensive array-based relative methylation (CHARM) analysis. We found 227 regions that showed extreme interindividual variability [variably methylated regions (VMRs)] across the genome, which are enriched for developmental genes based on Gene Ontology analysis. Furthermore, half of these VMRs were stable within individuals over an average of 11 years, and these VMRs defined a personalized epigenomic signature. Four of these VMRs showed covariation with body mass index consistently at two study visits and were located in or near genes previously implicated in regulating body weight or diabetes. This work suggests an epigenetic strategy for identifying patients at risk of common disease.
Gold-particle-mediated detection of ferroelectric domains on the nanometer scale (2005)

We report on an unique optical method which facilitates detection of ferroelectric (FE) domain orientation on the subwavelength scale. The FE material of interest is decorated with Au nanoparticles of 100nm diameter and then completely covered with a thin film of birefringent liquid-crystal (LC) molecules. The latter align to the FE surface in accordance to the domain-specific electric stray field, which causes a characteristic spatial orientation of the dielectric tensor ε̂m of the LC layer. As their spectral response strongly depends on the dielectric constant of the surrounding medium, the embedded Au particles are used as nanoscale optical antennas revealing either an intensity, a polarization, or a spectral contrast. This technique provides an ultrafast optical read-out mechanism for detecting antiparallel oriented FE domains with subwavelength resolution.
Fluorescence Regeneration as a Signaling Principle for Choline and Carnitine Binding: A Refined Supramolecular Sensor System Based on a Fluorescent Azoalkane (2005)

Abstract The fluorescent azoalkane, 2,3‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]oct‐2‐ene (DBO), forms inclusion complexes with p ‐sulfonatocalix[4]arene (CX4). The binding constants are on the order of 10 3 M –1 in water. The addition of CX4 to DBO solutions results in an efficient fluorescence quenching (up to 90 %). This supramolecular system can be used as a truly water‐soluble sensor system to signal the binding of organic ammonium ions over a large pH range. Addition of choline and carnitine derivatives and tetraalkylammonium ions results in regeneration of this fluorescence, from which the binding constants ( K C = 10 3 –10 5 M –1 ) are calculated by means of a competitive complexation model. Electrostatic effects are observed, namely, a more‐than‐one order of magnitude weaker binding of the carnitines in neutral solution.
Visual Routines For Outdoor Navigation (2005)

This paper describes several visual routines which can be used to assist the navigation of a car in an outdoor environment. These routines are based on the grouping of edge chains in two classes of straight segments and on a suitable segmentation of the image in different regions. Such routines are able to provide a preliminary recovery of the 3D structure of the viewed scene, in which the sides of the road and the buildings are detected, and to recognize several landmarks, such as street signs, trees and light lamps. These results suggest that it is possible to construct drivers' assistant systems based on computer vision technologies.
Rhabdomyolysis and Compartment Syndrome with Coadministration of Risperidone and Simvastatin (2004)

We report a case of rhabdomyolysis and acute compartment syndrome of the lower extremity in a schizophrenic patient taking risperidone following the addition of simvastatin to treat hyperlipidemia. We suspect that disrupted drug metabolism, resulting from interactions with cytochrome P450 enzymes, rapidly elevated drug plasma levels, which then led to muscle toxicity. Clinicians who pharmacologically treat medical comorbidities in patients receiving atypical antipsychotics must be proactive in anticipating potential drug-drug interactions.
IL11 negatively impacts adult lung alveolar organoid formation (2021)

<b>Introduction</b>: IL11 was recently reported to induce the formation of myofibroblasts and their secretion of collagen, while its subcutaneous administration drives the development of pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Less is known as to how IL11 affects epithelial-mesenchymal communication associated with epithelial repair, and regarding which cell types are the main producers and responders to IL11 <i>in vivo</i>. Here we aim to investigate the role of IL11 in alveolar regeneration. <b>Methods</b>: Epithelial progenitor cell behavior was studied using an organoid model, comprised of a co-culture of primary mouse CD31-CD45-Epcam+ cells with either CCL206 fibroblasts or primary human fibroblasts. After 14 days, the number and size of the organoids were determined, and immunofluorescent staining for Surfactant protein C (SPC) and acetylated tubulin (ACT) was performed to define alveolar vs airway organoids. Immunohistochemical staining of IL11 and IL11R was performed on human lung tissue to observe producer and responder cells of IL11 signaling. <b>Results</b>: The presence of rhIL11 significantly decreased the number of both mouse and human organoids formed in a concentration-dependent manner, and the fraction of SPC+ organoids was reduced by rhIL11 whereas the fraction of SPC-ACT- organoids was increased. Organoid size was not affected. Finally, immunohistochemistry revealed that IL11R is found in smooth muscle, airway epithelium and endothelium, whereas IL11 was primarily observed in airway epithelium, alveolar type 2 cells and macrophages. <b>Conclusions</b>: IL11 may impair epithelial progenitor function by suppressing their activation and by suppressing the formation of mature alveolar cell types. IL11R localization suggests mesenchymal activation by IL11 may contribute to observed effects on progenitor function.