gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Molecular Genetic Revolution (1988)

Applying the techniques of molecular genetics to the study of inherited diseases has made significant progress in recent years. The goal of this review is to update the clinical neurologist on the current state of progress in neurogenetic research. This progress has been primarily in the field of gene mapping--assigning a disease to its chromosomal locus. More recent advances have been in the cloning and study of the involved proteins in disorders such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The techniques are powerful and predictable in outcome. Knowledge in the field of genetic disorders will continue to expand rapidly. Many neurologic disorders have a genetic origin. As progress continues in the study of neurogenetic diseases, the clinical neurologist will have increasing options for diagnosis and counseling. Eventually, it is anticipated that therapeutic interventions will be available for some disorders. The clinical neurologist is a key worker in both research as well as the practical application of research advances. This review will focus initially and briefly on the basic methods of molecular genetic research. After the introduction to these methods, the remainder of the review will discuss recent advances in several neurogenetic disorders by the clinical neurologist. Gene therapy will also be briefly discussed.
Replication Data for: Spatially Nonuniform Reaction Rates during Selective Oxidation on Gold (2019)

The data underlying this published work have been made publicly available in this repository as part of the IMASC Data Management Plan. This work was supported as part of the Integrated Mesoscale Architectures for Sustainable Catalysis (IMASC), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences under Award # DE-SC0012573.
Interfacial Phenomena of Bubble Evolution in Water Electrolysis under Microgravity (2008)

Water electrolysis is carried out in alkaline (0.1 M KOH) solution for 4 s under a terrestrial and microgravity environment realized in a drop shaft. Moreover, the effect of the electrode surface wettability for water electrolysis is investigated by surface modified platinum electrode by alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The wettability of electrode surface is possible to control the evolved oxygen gas bubbles behavior and surface coverage of the electrode, and improve the energy efficiency especially under microgravity environment. Under terrestrial environment, the anode potential increases by oxygen gas bubbles layer due to adsorption of a great deal of oxygen gas bubbles only on hydrophobic electrode surface. Under microgravity environment, the anode potential is significantly different from the property of surface wettability, and reduced on hydrophilic electrode due to the oxygen gas bubbles behavior.
Gemifloxacin versus Amoxicillin/Clavulanate in the Treatment of Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis (2000)

Six hundred patients were evaluated in this randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, multicenter, parallel-group study comparing the efficacy and safety of gemifloxacin (320 mg once-daily for 5 days) and amoxicillin/clavulanate (500/125 mg three-times daily for 7 days) for the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (AECB). Of note, more than 90% of study participants had stage 2 disease at study entry. The two drugs were found to be equally effective, with clinical success rates of 93.6% for gemifloxacin and 93.2% on amoxicillin/clavulanate (95% CI -3.9 to 4.6). Bacteriological success rates favored gemifloxacin (90.9% compared with 79.5% for amoxicillin/clavulanate; 95% CI -3.3 to 26.0); however, this difference was not statistically significant. Gemifloxacin and amoxicillin/clavulanate were both well tolerated. In summary, gemifloxacin was found to be well tolerated and effective for the treatment of AECB, suggesting it is well suited for empirical treatment of this common respiratory condition in the current clinical environment.
Idiotype-anti-idiotype network. II. Activation of silent clones by treatment at birth with idiotypes is associated with the expansion of idiotype-specific helper T cells. (1982)

BALB/c mice immunized with bacterial levan (BL) produce a vigorous antibody response that fails to include antibodies expressing the idiotype of the beta 2 leads to 6 fructosan-binding myeloma protein ABPC48 (A48). Treatment of newborn BALB/c mice at 1 d of age with 0.1-10 microgram of either the A48 myeloma protein or monoclonal proteins that share idiotopes with the A48 family, followed by immunization with BL 2-4 wk later, produces an anti-BL response that is dominated by the A48Id. Various degrees of activation of the A48Id BL response were observed by injecting mice with A48 monoclonal protein only up until 3 wk of age. Activation of the A48Id clones by treating with A48 monoclonal protein was ineffective in mice who were older than 4 wk. Elicitation of an A48Id BL response required specific antigenic stimulation with either beta 2 leads to 6 or beta 2 leads to 1 fructosan epitopes, because it does not occur after injection with TNP-Ficoll in spite of the A48 treatment. The expansion of A48Id clones in mice treated at birth with A48 monoclonal protein is associated with an increase in A48Id-specific helper T cells. The binding specificity of these cells was demonstrated by infusing them into nu/nu BALB/c mice and observing that they rendered help that enalbed the animal to mount an anti-TNP response after immunization only with A48-TNP, but not with MOPC384-TNP conjugates. The helper activity of these cells is sensitive to the effects of treatment with anti-Lyt-1.2 antibodies plus complement. A predominantly A48Id BL-specific response can be transferred into lethally irradiated mice by infusing them with purified T and B cells from A48-treated mice. The transfer of this response can be ablated by treating the T cells with anti-Lyt-1.2 antibodies plus complement. These results indicate that A48Id-specific helper cells possess the ability to select the A48Id-bearing B cell precursors for expression, thus exerting a fine-tuning effect on the idiotypic expression of the anti-BL repertoire. We propose that this idiotype-induced idiotype response, which can be, in principal, induced by idiotypes provided by the mother, plays an important role in the expansion of precursors of antibody-forming cells during embryonic as well as postnatal life.
A low-cost laser distance sensor (2008)

Many indoor robotics systems use laser rangeflnders as their primary sensor for mapping, localization, and obstacle avoidance. The cost and power of such systems is a major roadblock to the deployment of low-cost, efficient consumer robot platforms for home use. In this paper, we describe a compact, planar laser distance sensor (LDS) that has capabilities comparable to current laser scanners: 3 cm accuracy out to 6 m, 10 Hz acquisition, and 1 degree resolution over a full 360 degree scan. The build cost of this device, using COTS electronics and custom mechanical tooling, is under $30.
Can Lumbopelvic Parameters Be Used to Predict Thoracic Kyphosis at all Ages? A National Cross-Sectional Study (2022)

The formula TK=2 (PT+LL-PI) yielded moderate accuracy for adolescents and young adults, but did not fit for over 35 years and under 15. The amount and variance in TK increased in elderly subjects, which made the formula less accurate.
Infectious Dose Dictates the Host Response during Staphylococcus aureus Orthopedic-Implant Biofilm Infection (2016)

Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) that are typified by biofilm formation. Given the diversity of S. aureus strains and their propensity to cause community- or hospital-acquired infections, we investigated whether the immune response and biofilm growth during PJI were conserved among distinct S. aureus clinical isolates. Three S. aureus strains representing USA200 (UAMS-1), USA300 (LAC), and USA400 (MW2) lineages were equally effective at biofilm formation in a mouse model of PJI and elicited similar leukocyte infiltrates and cytokine/chemokine profiles. Another factor that may influence the course of PJI is infectious dose. In particular, higher bacterial inocula could accelerate biofilm formation and alter the immune response, making it difficult to discern underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. To address this issue, we compared the effects of two bacterial doses (10(3) or 10(5) CFU) on inflammatory responses in interleukin-12p40 (IL-12p40) knockout mice that were previously shown to have reduced myeloid-derived suppressor cell recruitment concomitant with bacterial clearance after low-dose challenge (10(3) CFU). Increasing the infectious dose of LAC to 10(5) CFU negated these differences in IL-12p40 knockout animals, demonstrating the importance of bacterial inoculum on infection outcome. Collectively, these observations highlight the importance of considering infectious dose when assessing immune responsiveness, whereas biofilm formation during PJI is conserved among clinical isolates commonly used in mouse S. aureus infection models.
Quantum efficiency of ZnO nanowire nanolasers (2005)

Crystalline ZnO nanowires were grown on sapphire and silicon substrates using pulsed-laser deposition. The optical properties of nanowire nanolasers, including their absolute light emission intensity and external and internal quantum efficiencies were experimentally determined. The external differential quantum efficiency was measured to be as high as 60% for lasing ZnO nanowires of 7.5μm in length, compared to a value of approximately 10% for photoluminescence. The absolute light emission intensity for individual nanowires was found to be in the vicinity of 0.1mW. By measuring the dependence of external differential quantum efficiency on the cavity length, the internal quantum efficiency of ZnO nanowire nanolasers was determined to be about 85%.
Taming the giant within (2019)

In many eukaryotes, it is common to find genes with more DNA in their introns than in their exons. However, some genes take this to the extreme. "Intron gigantism," a phenomenon wherein relatively small exons are interspersed with introns up to megabases long, has been observed for a handful of genes-in particular, it has been well documented for several Y chromosomal male fertility genes across diverse Drosophila species Although this exceptional gene structure has long been recognized, it is as yet unclear whether genes with gigantic introns have any special requirements for efficient expression. Fingerhut and colleagues
Growth and characterization of Ge islands on Si(110) (2002)

The structural and optical properties of self-assembled Ge dots grown on Si(1 1 0) substrates by low pressure chemical vapour deposition have been studied. A monomodal island size distribution with multifaceted domes has been determined from an atomic force microscopy characterization. An analysis of the island size provided information on the strain in islands. Thus, dome shape islands appear on our samples as elastically relaxed. Photoluminescence spectroscopy investigations as a function of temperature and excitation power allowed to identify two broad lines, which are respectively attributed to the wetting layer and the islands emissions. A good hole confinement allowing excitonic recombinations has also been pointed out.
Optimal Design of a Ferromagnetic Yoke for Reducing Crosstalk in Optical Image Stabilization Actuators (2011)

In this study, we propose the optimal shape of a ferromagnetic yoke intended to reduce the crosstalk that occurs because of fringe effects at the edge of the magnet used in optical image stabilization (OIS) actuators. Topology optimization was performed with finite element (FE) analysis to determine the optimal shape of the ferromagnetic yoke without degrading the performance of the actuator. To promote the effective use of the topology optimization, the problem was simplified into a 2-D FE analysis, and finite difference approximation was used in the sensitivity analysis. The closest objective function to the special reference value was defined to minimize both the standard deviation and the average magnetic flux density in the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</i> -direction for the Hall effect sensor. Consequently, the optimal shape of the ferromagnetic yoke, obtained by using topology optimization under various volume fraction constraints, was verified using 3-D FE analysis. The results demonstrate that the suggested design method is useful and effective.
Authentication and Encryption in GSM and 3GUMTS: An Emphasis on Protocols and Algorithms (2012)

Mobile communication touches every aspect of our life, it become one of the major dependencies that the 21st Century civilizations rely on. Thereby, security is a major issue that should be targeted by communication technologies. In this paper we will target authentication and encryption in GSM and 3G/UMTS. In order to understand clearly how things work, we will start by presenting the architecture of each network, its major components, its authentication algorithms, protocols used, and KASUMI Block Cipher.
Electrical Characteristics of Horizontally and Vertically Oriented Few-Layer Graphene on Si-Based Dielectrics (2016)

Horizontally and vertically oriented few-layer graphenes have been synthesized directly on SiO2 coated Si substrates via thermal and hot-filament chemical vapor deposition, respectively. The effect of the direction of mass flow on the fabrication of graphene film is analysed and a plausible mechanism is proposed. The graphene/p-Si heterojunction is fabricated and tested for its potential in optoelectronic devices. Rectification behaviour is observed at the interface of graphene/p-Si under dark conditions. A dark current of 1.1 mA with an ideality factor of 1.5, in addition of a high rectification ratio of 15.99 at ± 0.5 V is found for the vertically oriented graphene/p-Si heterojunction.
The Touristic Sector in the 5G Technology Era: The 5G-TOURS Project Approach (2020)

5G mobile networks are designed to fulfill very stringent requirements and support new vertical use cases. This transition to a vertical oriented delivery model will have a strong impact in the touristic sector. In this context, the “touristic city node” of 5G-TOURS, built in the city of Turin, aims at exploiting the potential of the media vertical. The objective is to develop an innovative tourism concept based on complementary and linked trials for five specific use cases. The trials will promote an overall integrated indoor/outdoor immersive experience to the visitors using any possible device, enhancing the accessibility to the technology, especially for disadvantaged and disabled people. They will also utilize 5G to drive “remote tourism” based on augmented/virtual reality (AR/VR) experiences and bridge the gap between the physical and virtual worlds for tourism. This paper provides an overview of the 5G technology deployed in the touristic node, explaining the different services to be provided and discussing the need of 5G technology to support this vision. This work also assesses the business potential of each of the considered use cases, corroborating their potential in the context of future network services.
Cyclic Diaryl λ3‐Bromanes as Original Aryne Precursors (2021)

Abstract Despite the widespread application of hypervalent iodines, the corresponding λ 3 ‐bromanes are less explored. Herein we report a general, safe, and high‐yielding strategy to access cyclic diaryl λ 3 ‐bromanes. These unique compounds feature reactivity that is appealing and complementary to that of λ 3 ‐iodanes, generating arynes under mild reaction conditions and in the presence of a weak base. Accordingly, formal meta ‐selective transition‐metal‐free C–O and C–N couplings may be achieved. Mechanistic studies unambiguously support the aryne generation mechanism.
Identification of Straggler Node in Distributed Environment Using Soft Computing Algorithms (2021)

Node straggling is most impactful thing to improve the Quality of Service (QoS) in distributed as well as cloud environment. On the other hand, the reason for which node discharges are caused is complicated. The precedents work mainly focus on detecting Stragglers, optimizing the level of programming and analysis of the root cause. Without order to help users automate their services, these approaches cannot provide valuable information. We in proposed new approach, a general method that incorporates framework and characteristics of the system for the analysis of root cause for detection of stragglers in the big data system, which basically reduce the process execution time and generate job failure issues during execution. We proposed an framework for straggler node detection from distributed environment using machine learning algorithm based on large scale job performed log data. After execution of machine learning algorithm system will predict straggler nodes list and dynamically eliminate such nodes from execution list. Q-Learning based reinforcement learning algorithm initially proposed for execution and validate the system result in multi node environments.
High resolution, self-compensated, sense amplifier for FRAM technology (2017)

Ferroelectric RAM (FRAM) is a non-volatile memory with fast, low power, high endurance, read and write operations. Hence, this technology remains an attractive choice for embedded system solutions. In this paper, we analyze Si data that initiated the effort to design a compensated Sense Amplifier (SA) with improved input offset-sigma. We evaluate the cost vs benefit tradeoffs associated with this metal-cap based approach to offset compensation. Lastly, we present design improvements, which will preserve the benefits of SA with compensation while reducing the cost. In this work we propose a self-compensated and high resolution SA, in 130nm FRAM technology, which will enable a more accurate and consistent delineation of smaller signal margins.
Phase I Dose Escalation Trial Evaluating the Pharmacokinetics, Anti-Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) Activity, and Safety of 1263W94 in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Men with Asymptomatic HCMV Shedding (2002)

1263W94 [maribavir; 5,6-dichloro-2-(isopropylamino)-1,beta-L-ribofuranosyl-1-H-benzimidazole] is a novel benzimidazole compound for treatment of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and disease, with potent in vitro activity against HCMV and good oral bioavailability. A phase I study was conducted to determine the pharmacokinetics (PK), anti-HCMV activity, and safety of 1263W94 administered as multiple oral doses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected adult male subjects with asymptomatic HCMV shedding. Subjects received one of six dosage regimens (100, 200, or 400 mg three times a day, or 600, 900, or 1,200 mg twice a day) or a placebo for 28 days. 1263W94 demonstrated linear PK, with steady-state plasma 1263W94 profiles predictable based on single-dose data. 1263W94 was rapidly absorbed following oral dosing, and values for the maximum concentration of the drug in plasma and the area under the concentration-time curve increased in proportion to the dose. 1263W94 demonstrated in vivo anti-HCMV activity in semen at all of the dosage regimens tested, with mean reductions in semen HCMV titers of 2.9 to 3.7 log(10) PFU/ml among the four regimens evaluated for anti-HCMV activity. 1263W94 was generally well tolerated; taste disturbance was the most frequently reported adverse event over the 28-day dosing period.
Integrated analysis of competing endogenous RNA network revealing lncRNAs as potential prognostic biomarkers in human lung squamous cell carcinoma (2017)

Accumulating evidence shows the important role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks for predicting survival in tumor patients. However, prognostic biomarkers for lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) are still lacking. The objective of this study is to identify a lncRNA signature for evaluation of overall survival (OS) in 474 LUSC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. A total of 474 RNA sequencing profiles in LUSC patients with clinical data were obtained, providing a large sample of RNA sequencing data, and 83 LUSC-specific lncRNAs, 26 miRNAs, and 85 mRNAs were identified to construct the ceRNA network (fold change>2, P<0.05). Among these above 83 LUSC-specific lncRNAs, 22 were assessed as closely related to OS in LUSC patients using a univariate Cox proportional regression model. Meanwhile, two (FMO6P and PRR26) of the above 22 OS-related lncRNAs were identified using a multivariate Cox regression model to construct a risk score as an independent indicator of the prognostic value of the lncRNA signature in LUSC patients. LUSC patients with low-risk scores were more positively correlated with OS (P<0.001). The present study provides a deeper understanding of the lncRNA-related ceRNA network in LUSC and suggests that the two-lncRNA signature could serve as an independent biomarker for prognosis of LUSC.
A MILD ACUTE COMPRESSION INDUCES NEURAPRAXIA IN RAT SCIATIC NERVE (2004)

The pressure that induces neurapraxia in rat remains unrevealed. To determine the appropriate force to induce neurapraxia, two types of clips were applied to the sciatic nerve and were evaluated with functional, electrophysiological, and histological examinations. With a compression of 60 g/mm2, walking track analysis showed complete sciatic nerve paralysis one day postoperatively, but became normal in 14 days. Electrophysiologically, complete conduction block occurred one day post operatively, whereas the motor conduction velocity (MCV) below the compression site remained normal. Histologically, only limited signs of Wallerian degeneration were seen. The model in this study exhibited the features of neurapraxia.
Intramolecular [3 + 2] cycloaddition routes to carbon-bridged dibenzocycloheptanes and dibenzazepines (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular [3 + 2] cycloaddition routes to carbon-bridged dibenzocycloheptanes and dibenzazepinesPat N. Confalone and Edward M. HuieCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 18, 2994–2997Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00166a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00166a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views649Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts