gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of a Single-Nucleotide Insertion in the Promoter Region Affecting the sodC Promoter Activity in Brucella neotomae (2010)

Brucella neotomae is not known to be associated with clinical disease in any host species. Previous research suggested that B. neotomae might not express detectable levels of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), a periplasmic enzyme known to be involved in protecting Brucella from oxidative bactericidal effects of host phagocytes. This study was undertaken to investigate the genetic basis for the disparity in SOD expression in B. neotomae. Our Western blot and SOD enzyme assay analyses indicated that B. neotomae does express SOD, but at a substantially reduced level. Nucleotide sequence analysis of region upstream to the sodC gene identified a single-nucleotide insertion in the potential promoter region. The same single-nucleotide insertion was also detected in the sodC promoter of B. suis strain Thomsen, belonging to biovar 2 in which SOD expression was undetectable previously. Examination of the sodC promoter activities using translational fusion constructs with E. coli β-galactosidase demonstrated that the B. neotomae and B. suis biovar 2 promoters were very weak in driving gene expression. Site-directed mutation studies indicated that the insertion of A in the B. neotomae sodC promoter reduced the promoter activity. Increasing the level of SOD expression in B. neotomae through complementation with B. abortus sodC gene did not alter the bacterial survival in J774A.1 macrophage-like cells and in tissues of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. These results for the first time demonstrate the occurrence of a single-nucleotide polymorphism affecting promoter function and gene expression in Brucella.
Lamellar-Grating-Based MEMS Fourier Transform Spectrometer (2012)

Design, fabrication, and characterization of a high-performance micromachined lamellar-grating-interferometer-based Fourier transform spectrometer are presented. The device is designed to give high deflections with very low dynamic deformation and good mode separation. Mechanical self-stoppers are introduced to withstand accelerations larger than 500 g due to shock. The clear aperture area of the grating is about 10 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The maximum deflection while electrostatically actuated at ambient conditions is ±356 μm at 71.2 V and 340 Hz, setting a record for comparable devices. At a pressure of 8.6 Pa, the same deflection is reached at 4.3 V. Six hundred eighty spectra per second can be recorded with a resolution of 14 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> . With a HeNe laser at 633 nm, a spectral resolution of 0.54 nm (22 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> ) is reached using electrostatic actuation. The microelectromechanical systems device is integrated into a compact Fourier transform spectrometer setup including a blackbody source, an infrared (IR) detector, and a visible laser using the device back side for reference. Early results with IR interferograms are also reported. In addition, the devices are actuated with pressure waves in the ambient air to reach deflections up to ±700 μm. With this setup, the spectrum of a red laser is measured with a resolution of 0.3 nm (12.4 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> ).
Review on the Occasion of a Decade of Recombinant Human TSH: Prospects and Novel Uses (2008)

The introduction of recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (rhTSH) almost a decade ago represents a remarkable achievement in the history of clinical thyroidology. rhTSH now contributes substantially to the diagnostic approach to thyroid cancer, offering a reliable and safe alternative to thyroid hormone withdrawal by avoiding the morbidity of hypothyroidism. Several recent studies have also demonstrated the efficacy of radioiodine ablation of thyroid remnants after preparation with rhTSH. Moreover, the use of rhTSH in this context is associated with a lower whole body exposure to radiation compared to thyroid hormone withdrawal. Although not approved officially, rhTSH-assisted treatment of locoregional or distant metastatic disease may be the treatment of choice for patients in whom hypothyroidism may be relatively contraindicated, such as the very young and the aged, although additional efficacy studies are necessary. The compound has also been shown to be useful in the treatment of nontoxic multinodular goiter, especially when the radioiodine uptake is low. Finally, rhTSH may prove to be useful in studying the functional reserve of thyroid in the aging process, as well as the putative role of the TSH receptor in extrathyroidal tissue, such as lymphocytes, osteocytes, and adipocytes.
Fairway sour gas development proves new materials, monitoring (1993)

In developing the Fairway field in Mobile Bay, offshore Alabama, Shell Offshore Inc. used several unusual materials and techniques to handle the field's hot, sour gas. This conclusion of a two-part series discusses the project's corrosion-monitoring approach, its use of CRA materials is process vessels and piping, and the efforts at diamondoid control in the flow lines. Part 1 covered the project's first-ever field use of bimetallic corrosion-resistant alloy (CRA) pipe as well as the extensive use of corrosion inhibition. Most of the innovations Shell Offshore employed proved successful; none delayed start-up of the field, and several contributed significantly to the economics of the project. This concluding article elaborates on many of the project's lessons as well as the needs for further technology development and industry standardization which the development project revealed.
Validation of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Hebrew translation (PSQI-H) in a sleep clinic sample. (2007)

The PSQI-H differentiated between clinical and non-clinical samples and showed adequate reliability and good validity. It may be used as a standardized tool for the assessment of subjective sleep quality in clinical research studies conducted in the Hebrew-speaking population.
DQ 65–79, a Peptide Derived from HLA Class II, Induces IκB Expression (2002)

A synthetic peptide corresponding to residues 65-79 of the alpha helix of the alpha-chain of the class II HLA molecule DQA03011 (DQ 65-79) inhibits the proliferation of human T lymphocytes in an allele nonrestricted manner. By using microarray technology, we found that expression of 29 genes was increased or decreased in a human CTL cell line after treatment with DQ 65-79. This study focuses on one of these genes, IkappaB-alpha, whose expression is increased by DQ 65-79. IkappaB proteins, including IkappaB-alpha and IkappaB-beta, are increased in T cells treated with DQ 65-79. Nuclear translocation of the NF-kappaB subunits p65 and p50 is decreased in T cells after treatment with DQ 65-79, while elevated levels of p65 and p50 are present in cytosol. DQ 65-79 inhibits the degradation of IkappaB-alpha mRNA and inhibits the activity of IkappaB kinase. These findings indicate that the DQ 65-79 peptide increases the level of IkappaB proteins, thereby preventing nuclear translocation of the transcription factor, NF-kappaB, and inhibiting T cell proliferation.
13C NMR spectra of phosphole–P(IV) dimers; ABX and AA′X 13C31P coupling in some derived structures (1982)

Abstract The easily obtained dimers of phosphole oxides, sulfides and methiodides give 13 C NMR spectra where carbons within three (sometimes four) bonds of each 31 P nucleus are doublets of doublets and thus constitute X in an AMX spectrum. Most of the spectra have been completely interpreted with the aid of spectral measurements at two magnetic fields. Saturation of the double bonds in dimers of methylphosphole–P(IV) derivatives causes the 31 P nuclei to have very similar chemical shifts, with Δν not adequately different from 3 J (PP) to give first‐order coupling. When both 31 P nuclei couple with a given 13 C, a second‐order (ABX) 31 C NMR spectrum is obtained. The presence of the effect is revealed by running the 13 C NMR spectra at high magnetic field; J (AX)+ J (BX) is constant at all fields, but spacing between the lines of the multiplet varies. The spectrum of the oxide, with Δν/ J =1.44 for the 31 P spectrum at 36.43 MHz, approaches first order character at 75 MHz; the methiodide spectrum (Δν/ J =4.55) is second order at 15 MHz but clearly first order at 50 MHz, and the sulfide (Δν/ J =5.6) is nearly first order at 15 MHz. [2 + 2]‐Photochemical intramolecular cyclization of the dimer oxides provides cage‐like structures where the 31 P nuclei are chemically equivalent, but magnetically non‐equivalent, making the 13 C signals have the characteristics of X in an AA′X coupling pattern.
Prenatal Enzyme-Replacement Therapy (2022)

This editorial explains the genetic basis of Pompe’s disease and other lysosomal storage disorders, as well as the foundations of enzyme-replacement therapy.
Triple-Stranded Metallo-Helicates Addressable as Lloyd’s Electron Spin Qubits (2010)

We have first achieved the synthesis of triple-stranded metallo-helicates composed of 4,4':2',2'':4'',4'''-quaterimidazole (Qim) and Mn(II) or Zn(II) ions, which serve as synthetic electron spin qubits (quantum bits). In the crystal structure, a hydrogen-bonding network through counteranions and/or crystal solvents was constructed by the outward N-H hydrogen-bonding functional groups intrinsic to the imidazole skeleton. Importantly, these helicates showed high stability even in a solution state at room temperature. These salient features of triple helicates of Qim are different from those of reported metallo-helicates. These chemical properties of the Qim-based triple helicates allow us to synthesize magnetically diluted single crystals composed of Mn(II) (S = 5/2) and diamagnetic Zn(II) complexes of Qim in an appropriate Mn(II)/Zn(II) ratio. The magnetically diluted crystals can afford to build up the prototype of electron-spin qubits of Lloyd's one-dimensional periodic system, which gives a practical approach to scalable quantum computers/quantum information processing systems (QCs/QIPSs). The experiments have proven the practical capability of oligo(imidazole)s as a component of Lloyd's system which has nonequivalent g-tensors within the helicate (g-engineering). The helical symmetry plays an important role in giving a prototype of the synthetic spin qubits of the formidable Lloyd model. This result links supramolecular chemistry to the field of QCs/QIPSs.
Relaxation of the alignment tolerances of a 155-μm extended-cavity semiconductor laser by use of an intracavity photorefractive filter (2001)

Commercial grating-tuned single-mode extended-cavity semiconductor lasers (ECLDs) can be tuned over 100 nm near 1.55mum . This continuous tuning with no mode hopping requires delicate factory adjustments and high mechanical stability so that the wavelength precision is kept as high as possible and the mismatch between the lasing wavelength and the wavelength of minimum loss remains as small as possible. The addition of a photorefractive crystal inside the cavity creates an adaptive spectral filter that decreases the loss of the lasing mode and thus enhances its stability. For what is to our knowledge the first time, we demonstrate the extension of the available wavelength-mismatch range without mode hopping by the addition of a CdTe photorefractive crystal inside the cavity of a single-mode grating-tuned ECLD.
The comparison of highly stable frequency standards (1962)

In the comparison of frequency standards of different types and of different frequencies to an accuracy of within 1 part in 1010, certain precautions must be taken in the design and operation of the electronic circuits involved.The present system used at the National Physical Laboratory for the calibration of the 100kc/s quartz standards by means of the caesium resonator is described, including an automatic frequency comparator which eliminates certain possibilities of error inherent in other methods of measurement.Brief reference is made to a proposed method for controlling a 5Mc/s quartz oscillator by means of the caesium resonance.
PP-047 Effect of rosiglitazone on hepatic oxidative stress in fructose-induced fatty liver disease (2011)

examine the epidemiology and microbiology of bacteremia in adult patients who hospitalized in the infectious disease department of First Hospital, Jilin University.Methods: A retrospective observational study involving 87 adult septicemia patients and 113 blood cultures (Oct 2010-Apr 2011) of septicemia cases was performed in the infectious disease department, and the epidemiology and microbiology were analysised.Results: Among these blood cultures, 38 (33.6%) were pathogens positive.Most common pathogen was Escherichia coli 11 (40.7%), then Staphylococcus 5 (18.5%).Urinary tract infections (41.4%, 36/87) were most common in these patients.Liver abscess (10.7%, 9/87) were risk factor of septicemia too.Conclusions: Gram-negative bacterias is main pathogens of septicemia in our department.Infections such as urinary tract infections, liver abscess, and so on, should be pay more attention.
Linda — A System for Automated Linear Feature Detection and Analysis (1993)

RÉSUMÉLa reconnaissance et l'interprétation automatisées de formes linéaires à partir de données de télédétection et d'autres données cartographiques sont des opérations importantes dans un grand nombre d'activités liées à l'environnement, telles que la mise à jour des réseaux routiers et des données sur l'utilisation des sols, la cartographie des linéaments géologiques et les applications hydrologiques.Cet article présente un nouveau système articulé sur X-Window et appelé LINDA (Linear-feature Network Detection and Analysis). Différent des systèmes actuels de traitement d'images numériques et des SIG (système d'informations géographiques), ce système permet la reconnaissance et l'analyse automatisées de structures telles les lignes et les contours. Toute image numérique contenant des lignes et (ou) des contours peut constituer une donnée d'entrée. Le système LINDA est composé de plusieurs modules conçus notamment pour:• la détection des lignes — identification automatisée des routes, du réseau hydrographique, etc.;• la détection des contours — identification automatisée des limites des champs, des frontières entre la terre et l'eau, etc.;• l'exécution d'une transformée de Hough — détection automatisée des linéaments géologiques (contours rectilignes);• la reconnaissance des structures — génération automatisée des mesures des structures et des statistiques correspondantes à partir des cartes des structures linéaires qui ont été extraites;• d'autres fonctions.Le présent article décrit l'architecture du système LINDA; des exemples illustrant son mode d'utilisation sont présentés et certains aspects liés à son implantation sont décrits. Grâce à son interface graphique, LINDA est un système piloté par menus, facile d'utilisation. On peut l'utiliser en combinaison avec d'autres systèmes de traitement d'images ou avec des SIG existants. Il se prête à de multiples applications environnementales.
Evolution of Therapy for Older Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2022)

Most patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are 65 years or older. The treatment of AML in older patients has been characterized by distinct patient- and disease-related challenges that have impeded the meaningful progress that has been observed in younger patients with AML. Higher rates of comorbidities and frailty contribute to higher rates of treatment-related complications, whereas adverse disease features such as poor-risk genomics and secondary AML are associated with therapeutic resistance and shortened survival. Intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplant, although still considered standard for many newly diagnosed patients with AML, may not be appropriate for a larger subset of older patients with AML. Lower-intensity approaches such as hypomethylating agents have been widely applied for newly diagnosed older and unfit patients with AML, improving tolerability among this subset, but providing more modest response rates. Numerous analyses have attempted to tackle the utility of higher- versus lower-intensity therapy in older AML and identify the factors that can help choose the approach that best optimizes tolerability and efficacy. Recently, a greater understanding of the genomic and biologic heterogeneity of AML has led to better risk stratification and has contributed to the development of specific targeted therapies that are starting to narrow the gap between safety and efficacy. Newly approved agents, such FLT3 (FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3) inhibitors, IDH1 and IDH2 inhibitors, and the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax, as well postremission maintenance therapy with CC-486 (oral 5-azacitidine), are being systematically incorporated into the evolving treatment of older patients with newly diagnosed AML.
Review on Bioorganometallic Chemistry and New Outcomes in the Synthesis and Substitution of Tetracarbonyl(pyrrolylimine) Complexes of Rhenium with Organophosphorus Ligands (2017)

: After a short review dealing with bioorganometallic chemistry, the synthesis of tetracarbonyl (pyrrolylimine) complexes of rhenium bearing chirality on the pyrrolyl ligands was reported.The reactivity of these compounds towards the substitution of one carbonyl ligand with triphenyl phosphine, tricyclohexyl phosphine and trimethyl phosphite was studied. The rhenium becoming a stereogenic center in that transformation, the resulting tricarbonyl species were obtained as mixtures of diastereomers, with diastereomeric excesses varying from 8 to 84%, according to the reaction conditions and the relative steric hindrances of the pyrrolylimine and the organophosphorus ligands. These bioorganometallics are potential CO releasing molecules that could be used in the field of medicinal chemistry.
CD8+T Cells but Not Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes Are Required To Limit Chronic Oral Carriage ofCandida albicansin Transgenic Mice Expressing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (2006)

Candida albicans causes oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) but rarely disseminates to deep organs in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Here, we used a model of OPC in CD4C/HIV(Mut) transgenic (Tg) mice to investigate the role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and CD8+ T cells in limiting candidiasis to the mucosa. Numbers of circulating PMNs and their oxidative burst were both augmented in CD4C/HIV(MutA) Tg mice expressing rev, env, and nef of HIV type 1 (HIV-1), while phagocytosis and killing of C. albicans were largely unimpaired compared to those in non-Tg mice. Depletion of PMNs in these Tg mice did not alter oral or gastrointestinal burdens of C. albicans or cause systemic dissemination. However, oral burdens of C. albicans were increased in CD4C/HIV(MutG) Tg mice expressing only the nef gene of HIV-1 and bred on a CD8 gene-deficient background (CD8-/-), compared to control or heterozygous CD8+/- CD4C/HIV(MutG) Tg mice. Thus, CD8+ T cells contribute to the host defense against oral candidiasis in vivo, specifically in the context of nef expression in a subset of immune cells.
[A giant testicular tumor detected with dyspnea due to lung metastases: a case report]. (2001)

A 19-year-old male presented with dyspnea. Clinical examination revealed the left infant-head-sized testicular tumor, multiple lung metastases and retroperitoneal bulky lymph node metastasis with marked elevation of serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and alpha-fetoprotein. Left radical orchiectomy followed by the chemotherapy with etoposide and cisplatin (EP) for 4 cycles was performed. The tumor weighed 1,700 g, and was pathologically diagnosed as mixed germ cell tumor consisting of embryonal carcinoma and yolk sac tumor. After the treatment, the tumor markers were normalized with partial response (PR) of lung metastases and complete response (CR) of retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis. Thereafter, biopsy of lung metastases through video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) was performed, and pathologically no viable cells were detected. Five months after the treatment, he was seized with convulsion due to brain metastasis with hemorrhage. Therefore, a surgical resection of brain metastasis and 2nd line chemotherapy with etoposide, ifosfamide and cisplatin (VIP) chemotherapy for 3 cycles was performed. The patient has been free of recurrence for 21 months after the 2nd line chemotherapy.
Minimizing the Disruption of Traffic Flow of Automated Vehicles During Lane Changes (2014)

Vehicles that are becoming more highly automated are revolutionizing the world's transportation systems for their promise of increased safety and efficiency. The advantage of vehicles incorporating automation is that they do not suffer from the same limitations as human drivers, such as being distracted or impaired. In order to realize the potential of these vehicles, which operate in highly dynamic environments, online techniques are needed. This paper presents such an algorithm to minimize the disruption of traffic flow by optimizing for the number of safe lane changes, thereby increasing throughput and reducing congestion. The proposed algorithm is distributed in nature and makes use of vehicle-to-vehicle and/or vehicle-to-infrastructure communication technologies to judiciously make local lane-change decisions while guaranteeing that no collisions will occur. In contrast to existing work, the proposed technique requires no assumption on the number of lanes, nor on the dynamic attributes of the vehicles such as velocity and acceleration. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is both efficient and effective in maximizing the number of lane changes on a given stretch of a highway.
Biosynthesis of the Naturally Occurring Nucleoside Antibiotics from Adenosine (1989)

Abstract 9-β-D-Arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A, l), first isolated from the culture filtrates of StreDtomyces antibioticus, has a broad spectrum of activity against DNA viruses in cell culture and is successfully used in therapy of herpes simplex encephalitis, neonatal herpes, herpes zoster and chronic myelogenous leukemia1. 2′-Chlorodeoxycoformycin (2′CldCF, 2), 2′-amino-Zt-deoxyadenosine (3) and nucleocidin (4) have been isolated from the culture medium of Fctinomadura and S. clavus, respectively.
Superlinear threshold detectors in quantum cryptography (2011)

We introduce the concept of a superlinear threshold detector, a detector that has a higher probability to detect multiple photons if it receives them simultaneously rather than at separate times. Highly superlinear threshold detectors in quantum key distribution systems allow eavesdropping the full secret key without being revealed. Here, we generalize the detector control attack, and analyze how it performs against quantum key distribution systems with moderately superlinear detectors. We quantify the superlinearity in superconducting single-photon detectors based on earlier published data, and gated avalanche photodiode detectors based on our own measurements. The analysis shows that quantum key distribution systems using detector(s) of either type can be vulnerable to eavesdropping. The avalanche photodiode detector becomes superlinear toward the end of the gate. For systems expecting substantial loss, or for systems not monitoring loss, this would allow eavesdropping using trigger pulses containing less than 120 photons per pulse. Such an attack would be virtually impossible to catch with an optical power meter at the receiver entrance.