gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Op18 during Spindle Assembly in Xenopus Egg Extracts (2001)

Oncoprotein 18 (Op18) is a microtubule-destabilizing protein that is negatively regulated by phosphorylation. To evaluate the role of the three Op18 phosphorylation sites in Xenopus (Ser 16, 25, and 39), we added wild-type Op18, a nonphosphorylatable triple Ser to Ala mutant (Op18-AAA), and to mimic phosphorylation, a triple Ser to Glu mutant (Op18-EEE) to egg extracts and monitored spindle assembly. Op18-AAA dramatically decreased microtubule length and density, while Op18-EEE did not significantly affect spindle microtubules. Affinity chromatography with these proteins revealed that the microtubule-destabilizing activity correlated with the ability of Op18 to bind tubulin. Since hyperphosphorylation of Op18 is observed upon addition of mitotic chromatin to extracts, we reasoned that chromatin-associated proteins might play a role in Op18 regulation. We have performed a preliminary characterization of the chromatin proteins recruited to DNA beads, and identified the Xenopus polo-like kinase Plx1 as a chromatin-associated kinase that regulates Op18 phosphorylation. Depletion of Plx1 inhibits chromatin-induced Op18 hyperphosphorylation and spindle assembly in extracts. Therefore, Plx1 may promote microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly by inhibiting Op18.
A Novel Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Activity Detection Using Wide-Angle Low-Resolution Infrared Array Sensor (2021)

In this paper, we propose a deep learning-based technique for activity detection that uses wide-angle low-resolution infrared (IR) array sensors. Alongside with the main challenge which is how to further improve the performance of IR array sensor-based methods for activity detection, throughout this work, we address the following challenges: we employ a wide-angle infrared array sensor with peripheral vision in comparison to a standard IR array sensor. This makes activities at different positions have different patterns of temperature distribution, making it challenging to learn these different patterns. In addition, unlike previous works, our goal is to perform the activity detection using the least possible amount of information. While the conventional works use a time window equal to 10 seconds where a single event occurs, we aim to identify the activity using a time window of less than 1 second. Nevertheless, we aim to improve over the accuracy obtained in previous work by employing deep learning, while keeping the approach light for it to run on devices with low computational power. Therefore, we use a hybrid deep learning model well suited for the classification of distorted images because the neural network learns the features automatically. In our work, we use two IR sensors ( 32×24 pixels), one placed on the wall and one on the ceiling. We collect data simultaneously from both the IR sensors and apply hybrid deep learning classification techniques to classify various activities including “walking”, “standing”, “sitting”, “lying”, “falling”, and the transition between the activities which is referred to as “action change”. This is done in two steps. In the first step, we classify ceiling data and wall data separately as well as the combination of both (ceiling and wall) using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). In the second step, the output of the CNN is fed to a Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) with a window size equal to 5 frames to classify the sequence of activities. Through experiments, we show that the classification accuracy of the ceiling data, wall data, and combined data with the LSTM reach 0.96, 0.95, and 0.97, respectively.
Diﬀerences in gastric cancer surgery outcome between East and West: diﬀerences in surgery or diﬀerent diseases? (2019)

The Dutch D1D2 Trial revealed a noncompliance rate of 51% in gastric cancer patients who should have undergone a D2 dissection, while it disclosed that the D2 lymph node dissection group of patients exhibited a higher 15-year overall survival (OS) rate, lower rates of local and regional recurrence, lower rates of liver metastases and lower cancer-related death rates compared to the D1 group, implying that the surgical technique per se may inﬂuence outcomes. On the other hand, the predominant up-regulation of invasive and metastatic genes in the Western tumor libraries, the diﬀerences in the criteria used for gastric cancer diagnosis in the East and the steady fnding that the Asian ethnicity is a favorable prognostic factor for patients with gastric cancer treated in the US, have been proposed as possible explanations for the diﬀerences observed in the gastric cancer outcome between the East and the West. Moreover, literature addresses that gastric cancers in the East are mainly diagnosed at younger ages, they are of intestinal type, located distally, diagnosed at an early stage of disease, while gastric cancers in the West are mainly affecting elderly patients with comorbidities, they are of diffuse type, located proximally, and diagnosed at an advanced stage of disease. Future discoveries in genetics and molecular biology may clarify the characteristics of each tumor, while future achievements in imaging modalities and biological or target therapies may establish "personalized" therapies. Until that time, all eﬀorts for improving our surgical techniques and optimizing the perioperative care are mandatory.
Preparation of 25,26,26,26,27,27,27-heptafluoro-15-ketosterols labeled at C-23 with deuterium or tritium (1998)

Side-chain fluorinated 15-ketosterols are potent regulators of sterol synthesis. For investigations of their metabolism, we have prepared 3β-hydroxy-25,26,26,26,27,27,27-heptafluoro-5α-cholest-8(14)-en-15-one and its 7α-methyl and 8(14)-saturated derivatives with one deuterium or tritum atom at C-23. The isotopic hydrogen was introduced by reduction of 23-iodo-15-ketosterols with tributyltin deuteride or tritide. Mass spectral analyses of the deuterated sterols showed incorporation of one deuterium in the side chain, and 2H and 13C NMR showed that deuterium was present only at C-23. The tritiated sterols had specific activities of 82-179 mCi/mmol and showed high radiochemical purities. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clinical pharmacologic considerations for the phase II/III dose/regimen of the investigational Aurora A kinase (AAK) inhibitor MLN8237 (alisertib): Pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and exposure-safety relationships. (2012)

2597 Background: MLN8237, an oral selective AAK inhibitor, is primarily metabolized by multiple glucuronidation enzymes including the polymorphic UGT1A1. Phase 1 studies included comprehensive PK and PD sampling. We report integrated PK, PD, and PK-safety analyses in support of dose/regimen selection for phase 2/3 studies. Methods: Phase 1 studies in adults with advanced cancers evaluated dosing on d 1-7 in 21-d cycles or d 1-21 in 35-d cycles. Data from 294 patients in 4 phase 1 and 2 phase 2 studies contributed to population PK modeling. PD endpoints included mitotic index (MI) in skin and chromosome alignment and spindle bipolarity (CA/SB) in mitotic tumor cells. Logistic regression analyses evaluated relationships between MLN8237 PK parameters and DLTs (N=86) or CNS adverse events (AEs; n=134) in 2 phase 1 studies. Results: MLN8237 displayed dose-linear PK (5-200 mg/d), described by a 2-compartment model with first order absorption. Covariate analyses did not reveal significant effects of age, body size, sex, UGT1A1 genotype, or creatinine clearance (≥30 mL/min). Exposure-related increases in skin MI and decreases in CA/SB in tumor mitotic cells confirmed AAK inhibition by MLN8237. At the MTD of 50 mg BID (d 1-7 dosing) geometric mean steady-state exposures (48,200 nM.hr) were comparable to those associated with ≥50% CA/SB reductions in mitotic tumor cells (57,300 nM.hr). Exposures at the 21-d MTD (QD dosing) were lower, favoring 50 mg BID (d 1-7 dosing) for further development. At 50 mg BID (d 1-7 dosing) logistic regression relating MLN8237 AUC to DLT rate estimated a DLT probability of 8% (95% CI 3-20%). Similar analyses identified C max rather than AUC as the predictor of CNS AEs, supporting BID dosing in adults to reduce peak concentrations while preserving total systemic exposure. Conclusions: MLN8237 exhibits dose-linear PK independent of age, body size, mild or moderate renal impairment, or UGT1A1*28 polymorphism. Exposures achieved at or near 50 mg BID are expected to result in tumor AAK inhibition, supporting a pharmacologically active dose range for future clinical development.
Effect of Fluorine on Surface Morphology in Selective Epitaxial TiSi2 Growth by Plasma‐Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (1998)

We studied the effect of gas addition on the surface morphology of titanium silicide films grown by plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition using a low‐density plasma of gases. We examined the use of , and as additional gases and found the F‐containing gases to be effective for forming continuous films. Deposition with SiCl4 and without additional gases results in films with slits among the silicide grains, showing that the effect on the surface morphology is due to fluorine. The surface morphology of the film indicated that the fluorine suppresses atom movement. Although gas addition caused etch pits in the substrate, it also resulted in a continuous epitaxial film with a C49‐structure being selectively deposited on a (001)‐oriented Si surface with a mask.
Microstructure and Kinetics of Crystallization of MgO‐Al 2 O 3 −Si0 2 Glass‐Ceramics (1978)

Quantitative X‐ray diffraction and microscopy were used to study the morphology development and overall crystallization rate between 900° and 990°C of MgO‐Al 2 O 3 −SiO 2 glasses with added ZrO, TiO 2 , CaF 2 , or CeO 2 . Three basic stages of micro‐structural development were distinguishable: I, an induction period, II, a spherulitic crystallization stage, and III, a final crystallization stage. The duration of the induction period, the crystallization rate of the high‐quartz solid solution, and the microstructures varied markedly with prior nucleation treatment and the type of modifier present in a glass of nearly equal silica content. The roles of major (high‐quartz ss , high cordierite) and of minor crystalline and liquid phases in textural development are discussed, and it is postulated that nucleants (ZrO 2 , TiO 2 ) act also as growth‐modifying “impurities” in crystal growth.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of β‐Lactams by the Cycloaddition of 2,3‐Dihydrofuran to Isocyanates. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Bilin Attachment Sites in the a! and /3 Subunits of B-Phycoerythrin (1984)

The amino acid sequence about the sites of attachment of all of the bilin prosthetic groups of the a and subunits of Porphyridium cruentum B-phycoerythrin has been determined. The sequences of five unique tryptic peptides, each carrying one phycoerythrobilin, are as follows: ff- 1 a-2 8- 1 8-2 8-3 Ile-Asx-Lys-Cys*-Tyr-Arg Asx-Arg-Leu-Cys*-Val-Pro-Arg Met-Ala-Ala-Cys*-Leu-Arg Met-Ser-Phe-Ala-Ala-Gly-Asp-Cys*-Thr-Ser-LeuAla-Ser-Glu-Val-Ala-Gln-Tyr-Phe-Asp-Arg Leu-Asp-Ala-Val-Asn-Ser-Ile-Val-Ser-Asn-Ala-SerCys*-Met-Val-Ser-Asp-Ala-Val-Ser-Gly-Met-IleCys*-Glu-Asn-Pro-Gly-Leu-Ile-Ser-Pro-Gly-GlyAsn-Cys-Tyr-Thr-Asn-Arg where the designations a and 8 refer to the subunit from which the peptide was derived. Cysteinyl residues involved in bilin attachment are indicated with an asterisk. The bilins in peptides a-1, a-2, 8-1, and 8-2 are attached to the peptide through a single thioether linkage to a cysteinyl residue. In contrast, the phycoerythrobilin on peptide 8-3 is attached through two thioether linkages to cysteinyl residues 10 residues apart. This appears to be the first report of a prosthetic group covalently bound to a polypeptide through two linkages separated by such a considerable distance in the linear sequence. The visible absorption spectrum of peptide 8-3 is red-shifted by about 10 nm relative to the spectra of the other four bilin peptides, Comparison of the sequences from B-phycoerythrin to sequences of several other biliproteins has revealed the presence of a number of invariant tyrosyl and arginyl residues near bilin attachment sites,
Two Cyclohexanespiro-5'-hydantoin Monohydrates (1997)

Cyclohexanespiro-5'-hydantoin monohydrate, C8H12N2O2.H2O, has a chair-shaped cyclohexane ring with endocyclic torsion-angle magnitudes in the range 54.4 (2)-56.3 (2) degrees. All potential hydrogen-bond donors are involved in intermolecular hydrogen bonding, with lengths in the range 2.760 (2)-2.908 (2) A. In its indolyl adduct, 2-(3-indolyl)cyclohexanespiro-5'-hydantoin monohydrate, C16H17N3O2.H2O, the cyclohexane moiety adopts a chair conformation with the indolyl substituent in an equatorial position. The N-H portion of the hydantoin ring is cis to indolyl, while the C=O of the hydantoin is trans. Endocyclic torsion-angle magnitudes of the cyclohexane ring are in the range 54.2 (2)-56.7 (2) degrees. All potential hydrogen-bond donors are involved in intermolecular hydrogen bonds, with lengths 2.828 (2)-3.187 (2) A.
Study on microfracture mechanism of short glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate by using acoustic emission (2017)

ABSTRACT The influence of the difference in wettability between glass fiber (GF) and polycarbonate (PC) on the microfractures of GF reinforced PC was investigated by using an acoustic emission (AE) method. In the case of well‐coupled GF‐reinforced PC, it is suggested that in the AE amplitude region higher than about 16 mV, microfracture related to scission of polymer chains occurs at the interfacial layer between GF and PC. On the other hand, in the case of poorly‐coupled GF‐reinforced PC under stress, debonding and interfacial slippage between GF and PC occurred below the yield stress of PC, whereas interfacial fracture and GF breakage occurred above the yield stress. Debonding and interfacial slippage between GF and the PC matrix were closely related to an AE amplitude smaller than about 16 mV. The relationship between stress and AE events is expressed in this case by the Eyring model. The activation energy of interfacial slippage between GF and PC was about 74 kJ/mol, which corresponds to the energy of chain‐backbone motion of PC in the glassy state. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135 , 45664.
Do Beta-Blockers Prevent New-Onset HF in Dialysis Patients? (2005)

People who receive long-term kidney dialysis often develop heart failure (HF). Researchers hypothesized that the HF-prevention benefits of
Infusion of mature megakaryocytes into mice yields functional platelets (2010)

Thrombopoiesis, the process by which circulating platelets arise from megakaryocytes, remains incompletely understood. Prior studies suggest that megakaryocytes shed platelets in the pulmonary vasculature. To better understand thrombopoiesis and to develop a potential platelet transfusion strategy that is not dependent upon donors, of which there remains a shortage, we examined whether megakaryocytes infused into mice shed platelets. Infused megakaryocytes led to clinically relevant increases in platelet numbers. The released platelets were normal in size, displayed appropriate surface markers, and had a near-normal circulating half-life. The functionality of the donor-derived platelets was also demonstrated in vivo. The infused megakaryocytes mostly localized to the pulmonary vasculature, where they appeared to shed platelets. These data suggest that it may be unnecessary to generate platelets from ex vivo grown megakaryocytes to achieve clinically relevant increases in platelet numbers.
Histidine 326 is critical for the function of GLT-1, a (Na+ + K+)-coupled glutamate transporter from rat brain. (1994)

Removal of glutamate from the synaptic cleft is carried out by transporter molecules located in presynaptic nerve terminals and fine glial processes surrounding the cleft. Three such transporters, which are approximately 55% identical to each other, have recently been cloned. They catalyze electrogenic transport of this neurotransmitter, which is coupled to the fluxes of three ions: sodium, potassium, and protons (or hydroxyl). One of these transporters, GLT-1, contains 573 amino acids and 6-10 putative membrane-spanning alpha-helices. These helices contain only two positively charged amino acid residues (lysine 298 and histidine 326) that are fully conserved in the glutamate transporters and two related neutral amino acid transporters. Using site-directed mutagenesis we have investigated the role of these residues, each of which was replaced by small hydrophilic as well as by positively charged amino acids. Expression of all replacement mutants at the histidine 326 position reveals that they are severely impaired in sodium-dependent glutamate transport. On the other hand, mutations at lysine 298 retain significant activity, especially if a positively charged amino acid replaces the lysine. After prelabeling of the proteins with [35S]methionine, immunoprecipitation of all mutant transporters indicates that their expression levels are similar to those of wild type. Reconstitution experiments, aimed to reveal the activity of transporter molecules not located in the plasma membrane, indicate that the lowered activity of the K298T and K298N transporters in intact cells is partly due to a targeting defect. Histidine residue 326 appears to be required for the intrinsic activity of the transporter. As histidine residues have been implicated in the mechanism of H+ transport in several systems, we propose that histidine 326 may be involved in the proton translocation accompanying sodium- and potassium-coupled glutamate transport.
Calibration of the forward scattering spectrometer probe used on the ER‐2 during the Airborne Antarctic Ozone Experiment (1989)

The Particle Measuring Systems (PMS) Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe (FSSP‐100) which was flown on the ER–2 during the Airborne Antarctic Ozone Experiment for the measurement of particles in polar stratospheric clouds has been evaluated and calibrated. The sample volume of the probe per 10‐s sampling period increases from 257 cm 3 for 1‐μm particles to 412 for 15‐μm particles, but there is substantial uncertainty in this value. Limitations in the measurements from this instrument and possible corrections are discussed. The uncertainty in the total particle mass measured by the probe may be as large as ± 100%. Recommendations are given for the processing of data from the FSSP used in this project.
Refrigerant Distribution Characteristics in Vertical Header of Flat-Tube Heat Exchanger (2016)

A heat exchanger that arranges flat tubes horizontally has a vertical header that distributes the refrigerant to each tube. When the heat exchanger works as an evaporator, differences in flow conditions at each branch, such as the ratio and distribution of vapor and liquid, due to the differences in densities and momentums of vapor and liquid in the two-phase flow make equal distribution difficult. This paper describes the distribution characteristics of a four-branch header that has a rectangular cross-section without the internal protrusion of flat tubes in the case of the inflow of the refrigerant R32 from the bottom of the header by using an equipment that can estimate the distribution ratio of the liquid and vapor phase to each branch. This paper also discusses the distribution characteristics on the basis of the flow visualization in the header. The flow visualization shows that a liquid level that contains vapor phase exists in the header and affects the distribution greatly.
Dystrophies musculaires congénitales : une percée (1995)

Les dystrophies musculaires congenitales figurent parmi les plus redoutables des dystrophies musculaires : responsables d'hypotonies neonatales, leur evolution est severe avec apparition de contractures et de deformations articulaires ; elles conduisent souvent a la mort dans la premiere decennie. Ces dystrophies forment un groupe heterogene. Au Japon (myopathie de Fukuyama) et en Finlande, elles sont souvent accompagnees d'anomalies du developpement cerebral, alors que dans la plupart des pays occidentaux les fonctions mentales sont respectees, meme si l'imagerie cerebrale revele des alterations majeures de la substance blanche du cerveau. Une forme particuliere a ete tres recemment individualisee, due a un deficit complet en merosine, une proteine de la matrice extracellulaire isoforme de la laminine. Le gene de cette forme a ete localise en 6q2. Il existe, en outre, un modele animal pour cette maladie, la souris dy/dy. Une variante de cette souche (dy 2j /dy 2j ) a deja fait l'objet de travaux experimentaux, montrant une amelioration remarquable apres greffe de cellules myogeniques.
NapA Na+/H+Antiporter as a Sodium Extrusion System Supplementary to the Vacuolar Na+-ATPase inEnterococcus hirae (1998)

Enterococcus hirae has two sodium extrusion systems: the NapA Na(+)/H(+) antiporter and the vacuolar Na(+)-ATPase. We found that a NapA mutant, WD4, which is deficient in Na(+)/H(+) antiporter activity, grew well in the pH range of 6 to 10 up to 200 mM sodium. This was due to active, potential-independent sodium extrusion by the Na(+)-ATPase, which was induced under these conditions. The NapA Na(+)/H(+) antiporter is thus not a prerequisite for growth of E. hirae in the presence of sodium, but plays a supplementary role in sodium extrusion at acidic pH.
Sektion Sprachsoziologie (1993)

Arbeitsgruppe Bielefelder Soziologen (Hrsg.), Alltagswissen, Interaktion und gesellschaftliche Wirklichkeit. Band 1: Symbolischer Interaktionismus und Ethnomethodologie. Band 2: Ethnotheorie und Ethnographie des Sprechens. Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag, 1981, 5. Aufl. (vormals: Reinbek: Rowohlt, 1973).
Supplementary Methods from Biological and Clinical Relevance of miRNA Expression Signatures in Primary Plasma Cell Leukemia (2023)

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Effect of anesthesia carrier gas on in vivo circulation times of ultrasound microbubble contrast agents in rats (2020)

Microbubble contrast agents are currently implemented in a variety of both clinical and preclinical ultrasound imaging studies. The therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities of these contrast agents are limited by their short in-vivo lifetimes, and research to lengthen their circulation times is ongoing. In this manuscript, observations are presented from a controlled experiment performed to evaluate differences in circulation times for lipid shelled perfluorocarbon-filled contrast agents circulating within rodents as a function of inhaled anesthesia carrier gas.
Interaction of NiAl Intermetallic During SHS Synthesis with Ta Substrate (2018)

NiAl intermetallic is obtained during exothermic reaction of mechanically activated Ni and Al powders, taking place by thermal explosion (TE) mode of self‐propagating high‐temperature synthesis (SHS). When a layer of Ni–Al blend is placed in contact with Ta substrate, the heat this exothermic reaction results in reaction multilayer with composition corresponding to intermetallic predicted by Ta–Ni–Al ternary phase diagram. The used approach is proposed for processing of oxidation resistant coating on Ta as well as for joining of parts from ta and its alloys.
Basic Biological Sciences Relationships Among the Oral Fusobacteria Assessed by DNA-DNA Hybridization (1983)

DNA was purified from 16 strains of Fusobacterium nucleatum and from five strains representing other Fusobacterium species. The relationships among fusobacteria were examined by DNA-DNA hybridization and by determining the guanine plus cytosine content of the DNA. F. nucleatum was found to comprise a heterogenous group of organisms related to Fusobacterium periodonticum and Fusobacterium simiae, but unrelated to any of the other species of Fusobacterium tested.