gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Entranced by death: Horace Smith’s Mesmerism (2017)

Blending aspects of the religious novel with Gothic motifs, Horace Smith’s 1845 novel <italic>Mesmerism: A Mystery</italic> employs mesmerism to make its case for a radical transvaluation of death. Prematurely spiritualised by mesmeric treatment, the protagonist Jane Harvey attains a preternatural awareness of the liminal space between life and death, and, in the novel’s affirmative re-conception of the Death and the Maiden motif, she repeatedly encounters a mysterious phantom that proves to be the mildly uncanny yet enticing embodiment of death itself. The text evokes the ‘mistaken terror of death’ in order to dispel it and enthusiastically affirms both the Evangelical ‘good death’ and what Phillipe Ariès calls the ‘beautiful death’. However, in its disproportionate emphasis on death per se, and its polemical drive to reconceive death as ‘The Universal Friend’, the novel flirts with the heterodoxy that its personified Death is the principal redeemer of humankind.
Switch cache: a framework for improving the remote memory access latency of CC-NUMA multiprocessors (1999)

Cache coherent non-uniform memory access (CC-NUMA) multiprocessors continue to suffer from remote memory access latencies due to comparatively slow memory technology and data transfer latencies in the interconnection network. We propose a novel hardware caching technique, called switch cache. The main idea is to implement small fast caches in crossbar switches of the interconnect medium to capture and store shared data as they flow from the memory module to the requesting processor. This stored data acts as a cache for subsequent requests, thus reducing the latency of remote memory accesses tremendously. The implementation of a cache in a crossbar switch needs to be efficient and robust, yet flexible for changes in the caching protocol. The design and implementation details of a CAche Embedded Switch ARchitecture, CAESAR, using wormhole routing with virtual channels is presented. Using detailed execution-driven simulations, we find that the CAESAR switch cache is capable of improving the performance of CC-NUMA multiprocessors by reducing the number of reads served at distant remote memories by up to 45% and improving the application execution time by as high as 20%. We conclude that the switch caches provide a cost-effective solution for designing high performance CC-NUMA multiprocessors.
Selectivity estimation for hybrid queries over text-rich data graphs (2013)

Many databases today are text-rich, comprising not only structured, but also textual data. Querying such databases involves predicates matching structured data combined with string predicates featuring textual constraints. Based on selectivity estimates for these predicates, query processing as well as other tasks that can be solved through such queries can be optimized. Existing work on selectivity estimation focuses either on string or on structured query predicates alone. Further, probabilistic models proposed to incorporate dependencies between predicates are focused on the relational setting. In this work, we propose a template-based probabilistic model, which enables selectivity estimation for general graph-structured data. Our probabilistic model allows dependencies between structured data and its text-rich parts to be captured. With this general probabilistic solution, BN+, selectivity estimations can be obtained for queries over text-rich graph-structured data, which may contain structured and string predicates (hybrid queries). In our experiments on real-world data, we show that capturing dependencies between structured and textual data in this way greatly improves the accuracy of selectivity estimates without compromising the efficiency.
Ex Vivo Culture of CTCs: An Emerging Resource to Guide Cancer Therapy (2015)

With increasing application of targeted therapies and the development of acquired resistance, much attention is being focused on developing in vitro and in vivo patient-specific tumor models for individualized therapeutic evaluation of cancers. Circulating tumor cells provide a source of noninvasively and sequentially sampled invasive cancer cells suitable for propagation in vitro. We review the advantages and challenges associated with ex vivo culture of tumor cells circulating in the blood of patients with cancer.
Characterization and Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenolysis of Deep Eutectic Solvent Extracted Sorghum Lignin to Phenolic Compounds (2018)

Deep eutectic solvent (DES) is intrinsically cheaper than many ionic liquids (ILs) due to low precursor cost, simple synthesis, and improved recyclability. Meanwhile, DES can be as effective as ILs toward dissolving lignin from plant materials. However, the lignin depolymerization mechanism in DES, the structural and chemical properties of DES-extracted lignin (DES-EL), and the possible valorization pathways of DES-EL toward value-added products were not well understood. This study aims to characterize the lignin streams from DES (1:2 choline chloride:lactic acid) treated sorghum and further upgrade the extracted lignin to phenolic compounds. As revealed by HSQC, 13C, and 31P NMR analysis, DES cleaved nearly all ether linkages in native lignin, resulting in significant size reduction. We further catalytically upgraded DES-EL to phenolic compounds via catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis in the presence of isopropyl alcohol. Among the three tested catalysts (Ru/C, Pd/C, and Pt/C), Ru/C proved the most effective in deconstructing DES-EL, with oil, char, and gas yields of 36.3, 46.4, 17.3 wt %, respectively. Major lignin monomeric products in the oil were phenol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol, 2-methoxy-4-propylphenol, and 4-hydroxy-benzenepropanoic acid. This study provides a mechanistic understanding of lignin depolymerization in DES and demonstrates a possible way to catalytic upgrading of DES-EL to low molecular weight phenolic compounds.
Transfer Learning in Brain-Computer Interfaces (2015)

The performance of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) improves with the amount of available training data, the statistical distribution of this data, however, varies across subjects as well as across sessions within individual subjects, limiting the transferability of training data or trained models between them. In this article, we review current transfer learning techniques in BCIs that exploit shared structure between training data of multiple subjects and/or sessions to increase performance. We then present a framework for transfer learning in the context of BCIs that can be applied to any arbitrary feature space, as well as a novel regression estimation method that is specifically designed for the structure of a system based on the electroencephalogram (EEG). We demonstrate the utility of our framework and method on subject-to-subject transfer in a motor-imagery paradigm as well as on session-to-session transfer in one patient diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), showing that it is able to outperform other comparable methods on an identical dataset.
Task Specific Uncertainty Estimation for Roundness Measurement (2002)

As it is necessary to supply uncertainty with measurement [1], fast, task-specific estimation of uncertainty is needed. A concept, already successfully implemented in roughness measurement [4,5], is now adapted to be used for roundness measurements. The concept is implemented in software. As a result, uncertainty budgets for four different specimens, three ring gauges and a spherical standard, are given as examples of the presented concept. The results of these measurements show that noise and spindle errors are specimen dependent. Calculation of uncertainty Hybrid method A classical on-line uncertainty budget is set up, but elements of this budget, such as spindle errors and noise effects, are estimated using Monte-Carlo techniques [3]. The uncertainty budget is given for a single measurement; for calibration of a roundness standard, averaging reversal techniques are used for which the uncertainty is much smaller. The method means that for each influencing factor virtual measurements are
Combustion of High-Energy-High-Density Fuels (2001)

Abstract Quantitative analyses of combustion products of a High Energy/High Density (HED) hydrocarbon, Methylated Pentacycloundecane Alkene Dinner (MPCU), are presented. This compound is a large molecule, C24H28, which dissolves in large proportions in existing liquid hydrocarbons, such as JP-10, forming stable blends to 50% w/w. These blends exhibited a five-fold larger burning rate compared with pure JP-10 droplets. Identification of combustion products of MPCU by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR) and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy (GC/MS) indicated that major components are CO2, H2O, CH4, C2H2, toluene, benzene and pentagonal ring structures such as cyclopentadiene and methyl-cyclopentadiene, along with small concentrations of ethylbenzene, dimethyl benzene and phenylethyne. These aromatic compounds are suspected to lead to the formation of PAH and the soot that was observed in the combustion products. Specific heat capacities, viscosities and surface tensions of the mixtures of MPCU with JP-10 and their burning rates have been measured and the data is included below.
Deep Neural Networks for Road Surface Roughness Classification from Acoustic Signals (2018)

Vehicle noise emissions are highly dependent on the road surface roughness and materials. A classification of the road surface conditions may be useful in several regards, from driving assistance to in-car audio equalization. With the present work we exploit deep neural networks for the classification of the road surface roughness using microphones placed inside and outside the vehicle. A database is built to test our classification algorithms and results are reported, showing that the roughness classification is feasible with the proposed approach.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of tert‐Butyldimethylsilyl Protected Cyanohydrins. (1986)

Abstract Die silylierten Cyanhydrine (IV) lassen sich im Einstufenverfahren aus den Aldehyden (I), dem tert.‐Butyldimethylsilylchlorid (II) und Kaliumcyanid (III) in Gegenwart katalytischer Mengen Zinkiodid herstellen.
Generation of diffuse air plasmas at atmospheric pressure using nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges (2008)

A diffuse non-thermal plasma regime in air at atmospheric pressure from 300-1000 K has been generated using the nanosecond repetitively pulsed method. This diffuse plasma develops through an initial cathode-directed streamer, followed by a return wave of potential redistribution. Furthermore, at a given gas temperature, there is a minimum gap distance required for the existence of the diffuse regime. The sequence of events observed in the formation of the diffuse plasma lead us to conclude that it is an "imminent" glow discharge. The applied electric field is maintained long enough (~10 ns) to initiate a streamer that interacts with the cathode to produce a return wave. However, the field is switched off before the development of significant ion- electron emission, which requires tens of nanoseconds. This limits the formation of the cathode fall, thus avoiding the imminent creation of a glow discharge.
Cramer-rao bounds for wavelet transform-based instantaneous frequency estimates (2003)

We use an asymptotic integral approximation of a wavelet transform as a model for the estimation of instantaneous frequency (IF). Our approach allows the calculation of the Cramer-Rao bound for the IF variance at each time directly, without the need for explicit phase parameterization. This is in contrast to other approaches where the Cramer-Rao bounds rely on a preliminary decomposition of the IF with respect to a (usually polynomial) basis. Attention is confined to the Morlet wavelet transform of single-component signals corrupted with additive Gaussian noise. Potential computationally and statistically efficient IF extraction algorithms suggested by the analysis are also discussed.
Highly Porous Carbon From Azadirachta Indica Leaves and Uio-66 Derived Metal Oxide for Asymmetrical Supercapacitors (2022)

Bio-wastes are a great source of carbon possessing good electrical conductivity and high specific surface area for non-faradic charge adsorption. Unlike, metal oxides provide faradic type charge storage due to their high redox activity. Herein, we have utilized the neem leaves (Azadirachta Indica) derived activated carbon (NDAC) and UiO-66 (Zr-based metal-organic framework) derived zirconium oxide ZrO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (ZO) based electrodes for hybrid supercapacitors. In a three-electrode system, the NDAC as a negative electrode shows a high specific capacitance of 262 F/g at 1A/g using 1M Na <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> SO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> electrolyte. Besides, ZO as a positive electrode material delivered a high specific capacitance of 337 F/g at a current density of 0.25 A/g using the same electrolyte. Furthermore, an asymmetrical supercapacitor is assembled using charged balanced NDAC and ZO electrodes using 1M Na <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> SO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> electrolyte. The NDAC//ZO based asymmetrical device delivers a maximum energy density of 49.2 Wh/kg at a high-power density of 540 W/kg along with a long cycle life of ∼78% (after 5000 cycles). These results give new directions for the application of low-cost bio-wastes and MOF-derived metal oxides for next-generation high-energy-density hybrid supercapacitors.
Proteome (2019)

Recommendations are given concerning the terminology of methods of bioanalytical chemistry. With respect to dynamic development particularly in the analysis and investigation of biomacromolecules, terms related to bioanalytical samples, enzymatic methods, immunoanalytical methods, methods used in genomics and nucleic acid analysis, proteomics, metabolomics, glycomics, lipidomics, and biomolecules interaction studies are introduced.
Design and analysis of polarization selective tunable photonic crystal filters (2011)

Our goal in this work is to achieve a tunable photonic crystal micro-opto-electro-mechanical system which excites two resonances with opposite polarization. In order to get a polarization selectivity we use two-dimensional photonic crystals with periodically arranged elliptical holes. We investigate the tunability and make statements about parameters that play an important role in optimization of this system. A final design is found for our goal. For the computation we use a three-dimensional finite element solver which solves the inhomogeneous Helmholtz equation.
A CMOS charge pump for low voltage operation (2002)

This paper proposes a low-voltage, high performance charge pump circuit suitable for implementation in standard CMOS technologies. The proposed charge pump utilises the cross-connected NMOS, voltage doubler, as a pumping stage. For low-voltage operation, where the performance of the NMOS is limited due to body effect, PMOS are used to increase the pumping gain. Simulations at 50 MHz have shown that for power supply voltages of 2 V, 1.5 V, 1.2 V and 0.9 V an output voltage of 11.5 V, 8.4 V, 6.5 V and 4 V can be generated respectively, using five pumping stages.
Intramedullary Tuberculoma of the Spinal Cord (1994)

A case report of intramedullary tuberculoma is presented. Only one other case of intramedullary tuberculoma has been reported in the North American literature in the last 30 years. It is also unique because it is the only documented case of the paradoxical enlargement of an intramedullary tuberculoma after the initiation of antituberculous chemotherapy. Excellent results were obtained with a combination of medical and surgical management.
Liquid matrices for liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry–fast atom bombardment: An update (1991)

peer reviewed
Kinematics of vortex ring generated by a drop upon impacting a liquid pool (2019)

We herein report an experimental study on the morphological evolution of a vortex ring formed inside a liquid pool after it is impacted and penetrated by a coalescing drop of the same liquid. The dynamics of the penetrating vortex ring along with the deformation of the pool surface has been captured using simultaneous high-speed laser induced fluorescence and shadowgraph techniques. It is identified that the motion of such a vortex ring can be divided into three stages, during which inertial, capillary and viscous effects alternatingly play dominant roles to modulate the penetration process, resulting in linear, non-monotonic and decelerating motion in these three stages respectively. Furthermore, we also evaluate the relevant time and length scales of these three stages and subsequently propose a unified description of the downward motion of the penetrating vortex ring. Finally, we use the experimental data for a range of drop diameters and impact speeds to validate the proposed scaling.
The Steric Effect in the Platinum-Catalyzed Exchange Reaction between Aromatic Ring Protons and Deuterium Oxide (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Steric Effect in the Platinum-Catalyzed Exchange Reaction between Aromatic Ring Protons and Deuterium OxideRobert R. Fraser and Roger N. RenaudCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1966, 88, 19, 4365–4370Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00971a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00971a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views213Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Geometric Design and Fabrication of Developable Bezier and B-spline Surfaces (1994)

In this paper we study Computer Aided Geometric Design (CAGD) and Manufacturing (CAM) of developable surfaces. We develop a direct representation of developable surfaces in terms of plane geometry. It uses control planes to determine a surface which is a Bezier or a B-spline interpolation of the control planes. In the Bezier case, a de Casteljau type construction method is presented for geometric design of developable Bezier surfaces. In the B-spline case, de Boor type construction for the geometric design of the developable surface and Boehm type knot insertion algorithm are presented. In the area of manufacturing or fabrication of developable surfaces, we present simple methods for both development of a surface into a plane and bending of a flat plane into a desired developable surface. The approach presented uses plane and line geometries and eliminates the need for solving differential equations of Riccatti type used in previous methods. The results are illustrated using an example generated by a CAD/CAM system implemented based on the theory presented.
Construction and Optoelectronic Properties of Organic One-Dimensional Nanostructures (2009)

In the last 10 years, nanomaterials based on small organic molecules have attracted increasing attention. Such materials have unique optical and electronic properties, which could lead to new applications in nanoscale devices. Zero-dimensional (0D) organic nanoparticles with amorphous structures have been widely studied; however, the systematic investigation of crystalline one-dimensional (1D) organic nanostructures has only emerged in recent years. Researchers have used inorganic 1D nanomaterials, such as wires, tubes, and belts, as building blocks in optoelectronic nanodevices. We expect that their organic counterparts will also play an important role in this field. Because organic nanomaterials are composed of molecular units with weaker intermolecular interactions, they allow for higher structural tunability, reactivity, and processability. In addition, organic materials usually possess higher luminescence efficiency and can be grown on almost any solid substrate. In this Account, we describe recent progress in our group toward the construction of organic 1D nanomaterials and studies of their unique optical and electronic properties. First, we introduce the techniques for synthesizing 1D organic nanostructures. Because this strategy is both facile and reliable, liquid phase synthesis is most commonly used. More importantly, this method allows researchers to produce composite materials, including core/sheath and uniformly doped structures, which allow to investigate the interactions between different components in the nanomaterials, including fluorescent resonance energy transfer and photoinduced electron transfer. Physical vapor deposition allows for the synthesis of organic 1D nanomaterials with high crystallinity. Nanomaterials produced with this method offer improved charge transport properties and better optoelectronic performance in areas including multicolor emission, tunable emission, optical waveguide, and lasing. Although inorganic nanomaterials have developed rapidly, our findings highlight the importance of organic compounds as components of novel 1D nanomaterials.
Type X collagen alterations in rachitic chick epiphyseal growth cartilage. (1988)

We examined collagens of both normal and vitamin D-deficient chick epiphyseal growth cartilage. Special emphasis was placed on the study of Type X collagen, a recently described product of hypertrophic chondrocytes. Scanning electron microscopy of the epiphyseal growth cartilage of vitamin D-deficient chickens showed an enlarged growth cartilage with a disorganized extracellular matrix. The cartilage collagens were solubilized by proteolytic digestion and disulfide bond reduction of both normal and rachitic growth tissues. Sequential extraction with neutral salt and acetic acid buffers followed by pepsin digestion at 4 degrees C solubilized about 12% of normal tissues and about 7% of collagen from rachitic growth cartilage. Treatment of the pepsin-resistant collagens with neutral salt-dithiothreitol buffer under nondenaturing conditions and a subsequent pepsin digestion increased the yield of solubilized collagen to greater than 95% of the total tissue collagen. Results of the biochemical studies showed a marked increase in the relative proportion of Type X collagen (from 5.6 to 27.9%), a corresponding decrease in the proportions of Types II and IX collagens, and a moderate increase in Type XI collagen in rachitic cartilage. Amino acid analysis indicated that there were no differences in the Types II and X collagens of normal and rachitic cartilage. However, an abnormality in the relative proportions of the CNBr peptides of Type X collagen was detected in the rachitic cartilage. We suggest that the increase in collagen in the rachitic state may reflect increased levels of Type X collagen synthesis by cells in the hypertrophic region. It is likely that in rickets the overproduction of Type X collagen may be a compensatory mechanism by which the hypertrophic chondrocyte attempts to provide a maximum area of calcifiable matrix for the calcium-depleted serum.