gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Patterns for Parallel Application Programs (1999)

We are involved in an ongoing effort to design a pattern language for parallel application programs. The pattern language consists of a set of patterns that guide the programmer through the entire process of developing a parallel program, including patterns that help find the concurrency in the problem, patterns that help find the appropriate algorithm structure to exploit the concurrency in parallel execution, and patterns describing lower-level implementation issues. The current version of the pattern language can be seen at http://www.cise.ufl.edu/research/~ParallelPatterns.
Exploring heterogeneity for cooperative localization in Swarm Robotics (2015)

Cooperative localization allows groups of robots to improve their overall localization by sharing position estimates within the team. In Swarm Robotics a large number of very simple agents is used to perform different types of tasks, however, this simplicity may have a direct impact on the estimated localization. In this work, we consider the use of a single robot (leader) with improved localization capability (e.g. GPS) which will be used to enhance the position estimates of the rest of the group. By using a potential function, we are able to place the leader in the region (near the center) that best benefits its position broadcasting and also to execute a coordinated and continuous movement of the entire group by controlling only this unity. Numerous trials in a simulated environment were executed, providing statistical examination of the final results.
Vector‐pathogen‐host plant relationships of chrysanthemum yellows (CY) phytoplasma and the vector leafhoppers Macrosteles quadripunctulatus and Euscelidius variegatus (2001)

Abstract Chrysanthemum yellows (CY) phytoplasma is a plant‐pathogenic mollicutes belonging to the 16Sr‐IB genetic group which infects a variety of dicotyledonous plants and is transmitted in nature by some species of Cicadellidae Deltocephalinae. The transmission characteristics of CY and the factors influencing the vector efficiencies of the leafhoppers Macrosteles quadripunctulatus Kirschbaum and Euscelidius variegatus Kirschbaum are described in the present study using transmission experiments and phytoplasma‐specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Vector insects were allowed to acquire CY under different experimental conditions and then transferred to healthy test plants for inoculation and/or sampled for DNA extraction and amplification. The transmission efficiency of CY was very high and almost all the leafhoppers became infective following acquisition on CY‐infected daisies. The latent period in the vector ranged from 16 to 20 days after the start of the acquisition and infectivity lasted, in general, for life. The PCR assay was successful in detecting CY phytoplasmas in the insects well before they became infective (5 versus 16–18 days) and was used to estimate the proportion of infective insects. When analysed for CY presence by PCR, all the leafhoppers fed for 7–18 days on source daisy reacted positively while, following one day of acquisition, some insects failed to provide amplification. Host‐plant species influenced CY acquisition, and daisy appeared a more efficient source for both leafhoppers compared to periwinkle. Life stage did not appear to be critical for CY acquisition, although newly‐hatched nymphs of E. variegatus acquired CY less efficiently than fifth instar nymphs.
MAP image reconstruction for land mine and IED detection using ground penetrating radar (2013)

In this paper, we introduce an iterative maximum a posteriori (MAP) algorithm that reconstructs reflectance images from ground penetrating radar (GPR) data. Typically, the scene of interest (SOI) being illuminated by the GPR contains only a few electromagnetic wave scatterers. We account for this prior information through the use of a novel sparsity-promoting density function, which we call the Butterworth prior. The Butterworth prior can mimic the Dirac Delta function or a uniform density function, and possesses the added benefit of mathematical tractability. We have tested our algorithm on real data provided by the US Army Research Laboratory.
Overview of the Columbia Non-neutral Torus program (2006)

Age-related clinical management, decision-making autonomy, and survival are apparent in this study, and there was an increasing trend of patient's involvement in decision making as the age increases and, thus, affecting the age-related clinical management.
THE EFFECT OF CHANGE OF MEDIUM UPON THE VELOCITY OF HYDROLYSIS OF ETHYL ORTHOFORMATE1 (1932)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTTHE EFFECT OF CHANGE OF MEDIUM UPON THE VELOCITY OF HYDROLYSIS OF ETHYL ORTHOFORMATE1Herbert S. Harned and Nicholas N. T. SamarasCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1932, 54, 1, 1–8Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1932Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1932https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01340a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01340a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views48Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Vancomycin dimer formation between analogues of bacterial peptidoglycan surfaces probed by force spectroscopy (2010)

Functionalised thiols presenting peptides found in the peptidoglycan of vancomycin-sensitive and -resistant bacteria were synthesised and used to form self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold surfaces. This model bacterial cell-wall surface mimic was used to study binding interactions with vancomycin. Force spectroscopy, using the atomic force microscope (AFM), was used to investigate the specific rupture of interfacial vancomycin dimer complexes formed between pairs of vancomycin molecules bound to peptide-coated AFM probe and substrate surfaces. Clear adhesive contacts were observed between the vancomycin-sensitive peptide surfaces when vancomycin was present in solution, and the adhesion force demonstrated a clear dependence on antibiotic concentration.
Effect of Different Inorganic Nanoparticles on Physical and Ultraviolet Aging Properties of Bitumen (2015)

The research reported in this paper evaluates a novel bitumen modification through the use of different inorganic nanoparticles, such as nanozinc oxide, nanosilica, and nanotitanium dioxide. In order to improve the dispersion of inorganic nanoparticles in bitumen, inorganic nanoparticles were surface-modified by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The effect of surface modified inorganic nanoparticles on physical and ultraviolet (UV) aging properties of bitumen was investigated. The UV aging mechanism of the inorganic-nanoparticle-modified bitumen was characterized by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is successfully bound on the surface of the three inorganic nanoparticles in the form of a covalent bond according to the FTIR result. Surface-modified inorganic nanoparticles show good compatibility with bitumen on the basis of high-temperature storage stability. Compared with nanosilica and nanotitanium dioxide, nanozinc oxide shows better dispersion in bitumen. The physical properties of bitumen are slightly influenced by the addition of inorganic nanoparticles. In addition, the changes of physical properties of bitumen depend on the nature of inorganic nanoparticles. The UV aging of bitumen is a process that causes bitumen to harden as indicated by FTIR, penetration, viscosity, and softening point values. However, the viscosity aging index and softening point increment of bitumen can be effectively reduced with the introduction of inorganic nanoparticles, indicating good UV aging resistance of inorganic-nanoparticle-modified bitumen. Three inorganic nanoparticles show different influence on the UV aging resistance of bitumen. Compared with nanosilica and nanotitanium dioxide, nanozinc oxide shows the better improvement in UV aging resistance of bitumen by displaying lower viscosity aging index and softening point increment values as well as the carbonyl index.
Third-order Analysis of Channel Coding in the Moderate Deviations Regime (2022)

The channel coding problem in the moderate deviations regime is studied; here, the error probability sub-exponentially decays to zero, and the rate approaches the capacity slower than $O(1/\sqrt n )$. The main result refines Altuğ and Wagner’s moderate deviations result by deriving lower and upper bounds on the third-order term in the asymptotic expansion of the maximum achievable message set size. The third-order term of the expansion employs a new quantity called the channel skewness. For the binary symmetric channel and most practically important (n,ϵ) pairs, including n ∈ [100, 500] and ϵ ∈ [10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−10</sup> ,10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−1</sup> ], an approximation up to the channel skewness is the most accurate among several expansions in the literature.
Characterizing the Feeding Injury Caused by Phylloscelis rubra (Hemiptera: Dictyopharidae) to Cranberries (2020)

Due to changes in pest management practices, farmers' reports of severe feeding injury to cranberries, Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton Ericales: Ericaceae, caused by the cranberry toad-bug, Phylloscelis rubra Ball, have increased in recent years in New Jersey (United States). Currently, however, limited information is available on the effects of P. rubra feeding or density of individuals needed to cause injury to cranberry vines and fruit. In 2015‒2017, we conducted studies to characterize injury to cranberry at a range of P. rubra densities by using cages in a screen-house and field, to establish a correlation between P. rubra density and crop injury in an open field experiment, and to measure the effects of P. rubra injury on the nutritional content (i.e., amounts of macro- and microelements) of cranberry vines. Phylloscelis rubra feeding on cranberry vines produced typical injury symptoms at relatively low densities (i.e., 2 individuals per vine in field cages or <10 individuals per sweep net sample in open fields), which included discolored (yellowish or reddish) or dead (brown) vines. This vine injury could lead to reductions in fruit mass and total fruit number. However, P. rubra injury to cranberry vines did not alter their nutritional composition. In general, this study highlights the ability of P. rubra to cause substantial injury to cranberry vines even when population densities were relatively low, which could result in declines in fruit production (quality and quantity). Therefore, infestations by P. rubra in cranberries must be considered when making pest management decisions in regions where this insect is present.
The Relevance of Apoptosis for Cellular Homeostasis and Tumorogenesis in the Intestine (2001)

Intestinal epithelium is a rapidly renewing tissue in which cell homeostasis is regulated by a balance among proliferation, growth arrest, differentiation and apoptosis (programmed cell death). Until recently, studies on oncogenesis have focused on the regulation of cell proliferation. The recognition that apoptosis must be understood to comprehend how appropriate cell numbers are maintained and how alterations in any part of the equation can contribute to malignancy has led to an explosion of research in this field. The first half of this review gives an overview of morphology and mechanisms of apoptosis, emphasizing key areas of genetic control such as the bcl-2 family and p53. The second half of the review focuses on the role of apoptosis in normal cellular homeostasis and tumorigenesis in the gastrointestinal epithelium. The importance of understanding the molecular biology of apoptotic pathways in cancer therapy and future directions are also addressed.
A highly manufacturable high density embedded SRAM technology for 90 nm CMOS (2003)

A highly manufacturable high density embedded SRAM technology with a 0.8 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ cell for the 90 nm technology node has been developed. Based on a cell layout study by lithography simulation, both cell layout and key processes were carefully optimized and scaled down from those of 100 nm technology. The fabricated SRAM using 0.25 /spl mu/m well isolation and 0.1 /spl mu/m contacts showed good functionality down to VDD=0.6 V. An electrical fuse utilizing MOSFETs was also developed for redundancy to avoid Cu/low-k BEOL damage from laser blow.
Experimental Design of TF/TA Testing for SOF Aircraft (2005)

This paper discusses an application of experimental design for special operations aircraft . These highly -specialized aircraft have missions that require the ability to penetrate hostile airspace at low altitudes, using terrain following and terrain avoidance operations. Designing a flight test to evaluate TF capability was complex because of the large number of factors included. However, the proce ss of manually picking combinations until there was an adequate, balanced design led to a reduction in test points from 1008 to 192. This design reduced the testing by 176 flight hours, 30 flights, and over 3 months. operations forces to combatant commands. † The Air Force Special Operation s Command (AFSOC) is responsible to USSOCOM for the readiness of Air Force special operations forces for worldwide deployment and assignment to regional unified commands. AFSOC's core tasks have been grouped into four mission areas: forward presence and en gagement, information operations, precision employment and strike, and special operations forces mobility. The command's special operations forces ( SOF ) are composed of highly trained, rapidly deployable airmen who are equipped with highly specialized airc raft, including AC -130 Gunships and MC -130 Combat Talons. These forces provide global ability to conduct special operations missions ranging from precision application of firepower, to infiltration, exfiltration, resupply and refueling of SOF operational e lements. ‡ Test and evaluation of AFSOC weapon systems is related to these missions. In Air Force Special Operations, much of flight testing involves system performance testing rather than aircraft performance testing. Corresponding to Air Force Special Ope rations missions, typical functions tested include navigation (infil/exfil), gunfire accuracy (firepower), electronic combat, and general regression to ensure current system performance is not degraded. Regarding AFSOC aircraft, the MC -130E Combat Talon I and MC -130H Combat Talon II provide infiltration, exfiltration and resupply of special operations forces and equipment in hostile or denied territory. Secondary missions include psychological operations and helicopter air refueling. The aircraft are able to penetrate hostile airspace at low altitudes and crews are specially trained in night and adverse weather operations. Both aircraft feature terrain -following (TF) and terrain -avoidance (TA) radars capable of operations as low as 250 feet in adverse weath er conditions. Structural changes to a basic C -130 include the addition of an in -flight refueling receptacle, and strengthening of the tail to allow high speed/low -signature airdrop. Their navigation suites include dual ring -laser gyros, mission computers and integrated global positioning system. They can locate, and either land or airdrop on small, unmarked zones with pinpoint accuracy day or night. §
Some Recent Results in Single Molecule Spectroscopy (1994)

Abstract Fluorescence excitation spectra of small and dilute samples show the spectrally resolved lines of single solute molecules. The narrow lines can be used as probes of the low-temperature motion of the matrix around the molecule, or as probes of intramolecular transitions between electronic levels. In particular, electron spin resonance of a single molecule can be observed.
Sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy of a Langmuir film: Study of molecular orientation of a two-dimensional system (1987)

Using infrared-visible sum-frequency generation as a probe, we have obtained the vibrational spectrum of a monolayer of pentadecanoic acid on a water surface in the CH stretch region. We have monitored the molecular orientation at different surface densities. It was found that the molecules in the liquid condensed phase have their alkane chains extended and oriented nearly normal to the surface, while in the liquid expanded phase the chains are highly disordered.
Encoded multisite two-photon microscopy (2013)

The advent of scanning two-photon microscopy (2PM) has created a fertile new avenue for noninvasive investigation of brain activity in depth. One principal weakness of this method, however, lies with the limit of scanning speed, which makes optical interrogation of action potential-like activity in a neuronal network problematic. Encoded multisite two-photon microscopy (eMS2PM), a scanless method that allows simultaneous imaging of multiple targets in depth with high temporal resolution, addresses this drawback. eMS2PM uses a liquid crystal spatial light modulator to split a high-power femto-laser beam into multiple subbeams. To distinguish them, a digital micromirror device encodes each subbeam with a specific binary amplitude modulation sequence. Fluorescence signals from all independently targeted sites are then collected simultaneously onto a single photodetector and site-specifically decoded. We demonstrate that eMS2PM can be used to image spike-like voltage transients in cultured cells and fluorescence transients (calcium signals in neurons and red blood cells in capillaries from the cortex) in depth in vivo. These results establish eMS2PM as a unique method for simultaneous acquisition of neuronal network activity.
Inverse Relationship of Leucine Flux and Oxidation to Free Fatty Acid (2016)

To determine the effect of fatty acid availability on leucine metabolism, 14-h fasted dogs were infused with either glycerol or triglyceride plus heparin, and 46-h fasted dogs were infused with either nicotinic acid or nicotinic acid plus triglyceride and heparin. Leucine metabolism was assessed using a simultaneous infusion of L-14,5-3H]leucine and a-[1-'4Cjketoisocaproate. Leucine, aketoisocaproate (KIC), and totalleucine carbon (leucine plus KIC) flux and oxidation rates were calculated at steady state. In 14h fasted animals, infusion of triglyceride and heparin increased plasma free fatty acids (FFA) by 0.7 mM (P < 0.01) and decreased leucine (P < 0.01), total leucine carbon flux (P < 0.02), and oxidation (P< 0.05). The estimated rate of leucine utilization not accounted for by oxidation and KIC flux decreased, but the changes were not significant. During glycerol infusion, leucine and KIC flux and oxidation did not change. In 46-h fasted dogs, nicotinic acid decreased FFA by 1.0mM (P < 0.01) and increased (P< 0.05) the rate of leucine and total leucine carbon flux, but did not affect KIC flux. Leucine oxidation increased (P < 0.01) by nearly threefold, whereas nonoxidized leucine utilization decreased. Infusion of triglyceride plus heparin together with nicotinic acid blunted some of the responses observed with nicotinic acid alone. In that changes in oxidation under steady state condition reflect changes in net leucine balance, these data suggest that FFA availability may positively affect the sparing ofat least one essential amino acid and may influence whole body protein metabolism.
Suppression of insulin secretion by C-peptide infusion in humans. (1995)

A role for insulin in the regulation of its own secretion has been established; however, no such effect of C-peptide has been demonstrated. In order to reexamine the role of C-peptide and insulin in regulating beta cell secretion, we infused C-peptide as a primed continuous infusion of 1 ng/min per kg for 45 min to 7 healthy volunteers, and insulin in a similar manner at rates of 1 and 10 mU/min per kg for 2 h to 14 healthy subjects using the euglycemic insulin clamp technique. Plasma insulin and C-peptide were measured before and during the infusions. During C-peptide infusion, C-peptide levels rose from 1.8 +/- 0.2 to 2.3 +/- 0.2 ng/ml, and insulin levels fell from 14.5 +/- 0.8 to 11.0 +/- 1.0 microU/ml (P < 0.01). During low and high rate insulin infusions, insulin levels rose to 70 +/- 8 and 1,020 +/- 105 microU/ml, while C-peptide levels fell significantly from 1.9 +/- 0.2 to 1.5 +/- 0.2 and to 1.3 +/- 0.1 ng/ml, respectively. Thus 5- and 70-fold increases in circulating insulin levels caused 15% and 33% drops in serum C-peptide, respectively. However, a 30% increase in C-peptide levels caused a significant approximately 24% decrease in the levels of plasma insulin. We conclude that insulin induces a dose-dependent inhibition of beta cell secretion, which is even more sensitive to inhibition by C-peptide. These data suggest a physiological role for C-peptide in regulating human insulin secretion in vivo.
Development of automatic acquisition system of surgical-instrument informantion in endoscopic and laparoscopic surgey (2009)

To compensate for severe shortage of scrub nurses, we have been developing the Scrub Nurse Robot (SNR) system that is capable of functioning as a skilled human scrub nurse, who is able to accurately predict which surgical instrument a surgeon will request next and to give it to the surgeon without any delay. In order to achieve this accurate prediction, we have been acquiring surgical-instrument information in laparoscopic and endoscopic surgery (ELS). To facilitate the acquisition, we developed an automatic acquisition system of surgical-instrument information (AASSI) using RFID technology, and evaluated it. The main components of the RFID hardware were an RFID antenna connecting to a trocar cannula and an RFID tag attaching to a surgical instrument. The AASSI detected insertion of the tagged instrument into the RFID-antenna trocar cannula and its extraction as well because the insertion started RF communication between the tag and antenna and the extraction ended the communication. However, electrocautery used frequently in ELS can interrupt the RF communication, thereby resulting in false recognition of insertion and extraction. We investigated and specified the conditions under which the electromagnetic interference occurred. Next, to prevent such incorrect recognition, we proposed a software-based solution, developed an algorithm against electromagnetic interference and verified that it worked in a laboratory setting. In conclusion, the AASSI is able to facilitate acquisition of intraoperative information on surgical instruments and also contribute to creation of extremely precise and accurate operative records.