gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract B29: The importance of epitope spreading in the generation of effective antitumor immunity in mice treated with combination immunotherapy (2020)

Abstract Recent clinical successes of PD-1/L1 and CTLA-4 blockade have demonstrated the potential of immunotherapies for the treatment of cancer. Research suggests the clinical efficacy of these checkpoint blockade therapies requires the presence of tumor-reactive T cells prior to therapy. It is thought that these tumor-reactive T cells primarily recognize nonsynonymous mutations (neoepitopes) uniquely expressed by a patient’s tumor. Unfortunately, at present the majority of patients fail to respond to checkpoint blockade, and it is hypothesized that one can improve their efficacy by combining them with vaccines targeting neoepitopes. Using the MC38 murine colon cancer model, we previously showed that an effective antitumor immunity could be generated when combining either a peptide or recombinant adenoviral-based vaccine targeting neoepitopes with three rationally selected immune-oncology agents. We utilized an IL-15 superagonist (N-803) to promote the generation and expansion of T cells and a tumor-targeted IL12 (NHS-IL12) and PD-L1 blockade to facilitate T-cell expansion and function within the tumor microenvironment. This multifaceted treatment regimen was effective at inducing tumor clearance in the majority of animals treated. In the present study, we examine the immune response in animals that fail to respond to our treatment regimen. By analyzing the spread of immunity to neoepitopes expressed by the MC38 tumor, but not contained within the vaccine, we were able to correlate treatment failures to less diversity in the antitumor immune response. To examine this observation more closely, tumor-bearing mice were treated with different combinations of neoepitope vaccine, N-803, PD-L1 blockade, and NHS-IL12, to ascertain which components of the combination therapy facilitated epitope spreading. We also examined which cell populations were able to cooperate with tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells to promote and/or inhibit epitope spread. Our observations demonstrate the importance of a diverse antitumor immune response and offers insights on how one might increase the diversity of the antitumor immune response following treatment with immune-oncology agents. These studies were performed in collaboration with NantOmics, NantBio and ImmunityBio, and EMD Serono as a part of Collaborative Research and Development Agreements (CRADA) with the NCI. Citation Format: Karin L. Lee, Claudia Palena, Jeffrey Schlom, Duane H. Hamilton. The importance of epitope spreading in the generation of effective antitumor immunity in mice treated with combination immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2019 Nov 17-20; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2020;8(3 Suppl):Abstract nr B29.
ADAM17 is the main sheddase for the generation of human triggering receptor expressed in myeloid cells (hTREM2) ectodomain and cleaves TREM2 after histidine 157 (2017)

Abstract Triggering receptor expressed in myeloid cells (TREM2) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and is expressed in macrophages, dendritic cells, microglia, and osteoclasts. TREM2 plays a role in phagocytosis, regulates release of cytokine, contributes to microglia maintenance, and its ectodomain is shed from the cell surface. Using both pharmacological and genetic approaches we report here that the main protease contributing to the release of TREM2 ectodomain is ADAM17, (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain containing protein, also called TACE, TNFα converting enzyme) while ADAM10 plays a minor role. Using mutational analysis, we demonstrate that the main cleavage site of the sheddases is located within the stalk region of TREM2 proximal to the plasma membrane. Complementary biochemical experiments reveal that cleavage occurs between histidine 157 and serine 158. Shedding is not altered for the R47H-mutated TREM2 protein that confers an increased risk for the development of Alzheimers disease. O-glycosylation is detected within the stalk region, but distant to the cleavage site. These findings reveal a link between shedding of TREM2 and its regulation during inflammatory conditions or chronic neurodegenerative disease like AD in which activity or expression of sheddases might be altered.
Adaptive dialog based upon multimodal language acquisition (2003)

Communicating by voice with speech-enabled computer applications based on preprogrammed rule grammars suffers from constrained vocabulary and sentence structures. Deviations from the allowed language result in an unrecognized utterance that will not be understood and processed by the system. One way to alleviate this restriction consists in allowing the user to expand the computer's recognized and understood language by teaching the computer system new language knowledge. We present an adaptive dialog system capable of learning from users new words, phrases and sentences, and their corresponding meanings. User input incorporates multiple modalities, including speaking, typing, pointing, drawing and image capturing. The allowed language can thus be expanded in real time by users according to their preferences. By acquiring new language knowledge the system becomes more capable in specific tasks, although its language is still constrained.
The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.1 (2006)

This document specifies Version 1.1 of the Transport Layer Security
(TLS) protocol. The TLS protocol provides communications security over
the Internet. The protocol allows client/server applications to
communicate in a way that is designed to prevent eavesdropping,
tampering, or message forgery. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
A Josephson ternary associative memory cell (1989)

The authors describe a three-valued content-addressable memory cell using a Josephson complementary ternary logic (JCTL) circuit. The memory cell can perform the operations of searching, writing and reading in the ternary logic system. The principle of the memory circuit is illustrated in detail by using the threshold characteristics of the JCTL. Computer simulations were performed to investigate how high-performance operation can be achieved. Simulation results show that the cycle time of memory operation is 120 ps, power consumption is about 0.5 mu W/cell, and tolerances of writing and reading operation are +or-15% and +or-24% respectively.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Salmonella enterica Serotype 4,5,12:i:−, an Emerging Salmonella Serotype That Represents Multiple Distinct Clones (2009)

The prevalence, among human clinical cases, of Salmonella enterica serotype 4,5,12:i:-, a serotype antigenically similar to Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium but lacking second-phase flagellar antigens, has increased considerably over the last 10 years. To probe the evolution and ecology of this emerging serotype, we characterized 190 Salmonella isolates initially classified as Salmonella serotypes 4,5,12:i:- (n = 90) and Typhimurium (n = 100) and obtained from various sources in the United States and Spain. These isolates were characterized into six sequence types (determined by multilocus sequence typing [MLST]) and 79 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types. The majority of Salmonella serotype 4,5,12:i:- and Typhimurium isolates (85 and 84 isolates, respectively) represented a single MLST type. Existing genome information revealed different genome deletions (which included genes responsible for phase 2 flagellum expression) in four Spanish Salmonella serotype 4,5,12:i:- isolates and one U.S. Salmonella serotype 4,5,12:i:- isolate. Fifty-nine isolates of both serotypes, representing different sources and geographical locations as well as different molecular subtypes, were thus screened for the presence of six genes and one specific region, all of which were previously found to show variable presence among Salmonella serotype 4,5,12:i:- and Typhimurium strains. All Salmonella serotype 4,5,12:i:- isolates lacked the phase 2 flagella genes fljA and fljB, which were present in all Salmonella serotype Typhimurium isolates. While all Spanish Salmonella serotype 4,5,12:i:- isolates carried the same deletion surrounding fljAB, all but two U.S. isolates showed a different genomic deletion; the two atypical U.S. isolates represented the "Spanish" deletion genotype and a unique deletion genotype. Salmonella serotype 4,5,12:i:- thus appears to represent at least two common clones, which cannot easily be differentiated with standard diagnostic procedures.
Spirolides B and D, two novel macrocycles isolated from the digestive glands of shellfish (1995)

Two polar lipid-soluble macrocycles 1 and 2, containing a spiro-linked tricyclic ether ring system and an unusual seven-membered spiro-linked cyclic iminium moiety, have been isolated from the digestive glands of mussels (Mytilus edulis) and scallops (Placopecten magellanicus).
Efficient coupling from semiconductor lasers into single-mode fibers with tapered hemispherical ends (1980)

An efficient coupling from semiconductor lasers in the 1.3-microm range into single-mode fibers with tapered hemispherical ends (TH fiber) is described. Coupling efficiency of more than 35% is attainable with TH fiber coupling. Optimum radius of the end hemisphere is ~20 microm and is obtained with good reproducibility by drawing the fiber in an arc discharge. It was found that changes in laser characteristics due to reflected light are far less for TH fiber coupling than for flat-end coupling. Stable coupling modules using TH fiber coupling were fabricated for system use.
The deleterious effects of cannabis during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes (2020)

Continuing to use cannabis during pregnancy is an independent risk factor for poorer neonatal outcomes.
A Retrospective Analysis of Secondary Revisions after Face Transplantation: Assessment of Outcomes, Safety, and Feasibility (2016)

Therapeutic, V.
Mechanical Behavior of PMMA-Impregnated Silica Gels (1989)

Abstract : Silica xerogels have been prepared from tetraethylorthosilicate with 50 volume percent open porosity. Methyl methacrylate monomer has been introduced into xerogel monoliths and polymerized with ultraviolet radiation. The fully infiltrated silica gel - PMMA composite has a bulk density of about 1.6 g/cm cubed. The resulting composite is light-weight and optically transparent. Elastic constants have been determined with ultrasonics. Flexure strengths have been measured in 4-point bending. The flexure strength of the composite is over 100 MPa in comparison to 20 MPa for the silica xerogel. The composite is designed for use at or below room temperature.
Synthese von Derivaten des 5‐Acetylamino‐1,3,4‐thiodiazol‐2‐sulfonamids (1958)

Abstract Es wird die Synthese neuer Derivate des 5‐Acetylamino‐1,3, 4‐thiodiazol‐2‐sulfonamids beschrieben, welche diuretisch wirksam sind, aber nicht die Wirkungsstärke des bekannten Diamox erreichen.
Paulomycins A and B. Isolation and characterization. (1982)

Paulomycin A, C34H46N2O17S and paulomycin B, C33H44N2O17S are two antibiotics produced by Streptomyces paulus strain 273 (UC 5142). Both antibiotics, which are mainly active against a variety of Gram-positive bacteria, contain an isothiocyanate group and in this respect they are related to senfolomycins A and B and proceomycin.
Line and boundary detection in speckle images (1998)

This paper considers the problem of detecting lines in speckle imagery, such as that produced by synthetic aperture radar (SAR) or ultrasound techniques. Using the physical principles that account for the speckle phenomenon, we derive the optimal detector for lines in fully developed speckle, and we compare the optimal detector to several suboptimal detection rules that are more computationally efficient. We show that when the noise is uncorrelated, a very simple suboptimal detection rule is nearly optimal, and that even in colored speckle, a related class of detectors can approach optimal performance. Finally, we also discuss the application of this technique to medical ultrasonic images, where the detection of tissue boundaries is considered as a problem of line detection.
A survey of key management for secure group communication (2003)

Group communication can benefit from IP multicast to achieve scalable exchange of messages. However, there is a challenge of effectively controlling access to the transmitted data. IP multicast by itself does not provide any mechanisms for preventing nongroup members to have access to the group communication. Although encryption can be used to protect messages exchanged among group members, distributing the cryptographic keys becomes an issue. Researchers have proposed several different approaches to group key management. These approaches can be divided into three main classes: centralized group key management protocols, decentralized architectures and distributed key management protocols. The three classes are described here and an insight given to their features and goals. The area of group key management is then surveyed and proposed solutions are classified according to those characteristics.
Expression of miR-33 from an SREBP2 Intron Inhibits Cholesterol Export and Fatty Acid Oxidation* (2010)

The regulation of synthesis, degradation, and distribution of lipids is crucial for homeostasis of organisms and cells. The sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) transcription factor family is post-translationally activated in situations of reduced lipid abundance and activates numerous genes involved in cholesterol, fatty acid, and phospholipid synthesis. In this study, we provide evidence that the primary transcript of SREBP2 contains an intronic miRNA (miR-33) that reduces cellular cholesterol export via inhibition of translation of the cholesterol export pump ABCA1. Notably, miR-33 also inhibits translation of several transcripts encoding proteins involved in fatty acid β-oxidation including CPT1A, HADHB, and CROT, thereby reducing fatty acid degradation. The genetic locus encoding SREBP2 and miR-33 therefore contains a protein that increases lipid synthesis and a miRNA that prevents export and degradation of newly synthesized lipids. These results add an additional layer of complexity to our understanding of lipid homeostasis and might open possibilities for future therapeutic intervention.
Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of D-(+)-biotin as a feed additive for all animal species based on a dossier submitted by EUROPE-ASIA Import Export GmbH (2012)

No abstract available
Range Correlation and&lt;tex&gt;$ I/ Q$&lt;/tex&gt;Performance Benefits in Single-Chip Silicon Doppler Radars for Noncontact Cardiopulmonary Monitoring (2004)

Direct-conversion microwave Doppler-radar transceivers have been fully integrated in 0.25-/spl mu/m silicon CMOS and BiCMOS technologies. These chips, operating at 1.6 and 2.4 GHz, have detected movement due to heartbeat and respiration 50 cm from the subject, which may be useful in infant and adult apnea monitoring. The range-correlation effect on residual phase noise is a critical factor when detecting small phase fluctuations with a high-phase-noise on-chip oscillator. Phase-noise reduction due to range correlation was experimentally evaluated, and the measured residual phase noise was within 5 dB of predicted values on average. In a direct-conversion receiver, the phase relationship between the received signal and the local oscillator has a significant effect on the demodulation sensitivity, and the null points can be avoided with a quadrature (I/Q) receiver. In this paper, measurements that highlight the performance benefits of an I/Q receiver are presented. While the accuracy of the heart rate measured with the single-channel chip ranges from 40% to 100%, depending on positioning, the quadrature chip accuracy is always better than 80%.
Superconducting Travelling Wave Accelerating Structure Development (2015)

The 3 cell superconducting TW accelerating structure was developed to experimentally demonstrate and to study tuning issues for a new experimental device - the superconducting traveling wave accelerator (STWA), a technology that may prove of crucial importance to the high energy SRF linacs by raising the effective gradient and therefore reducing the overall cost. Recently, a STWA structure with a feedback waveguide has been suggested. The structure was optimized and has phase advance per cell of 105° which provide 24% higher accelerating gradient than in SW cavities. Also STWA structure has no strong sensitivity of the field flatness and its length may be much longer than SW structure. With this presentation, we discuss the current status of a 3-cell L-band SC traveling wave along with the analysis of its tuning issues. Special attention will be paid to feedback loop operation with the two-coupler feed system. We also report on the development and fabrication of a niobium prototype 3-cell SC traveling wave structure to be tested at 2°K in fall 2015.
Benchmark Data for Evaluation of NASA Impedance Eduction Methods (2021)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-2143.vid Results achieved with three acoustic liner configurations are used to evaluate the effects of recent modifications to the NASA Normal Incidence Tube and Grazing Flow Impedance Tube. These include a calibration liner, a wire mesh liner, and a perforate liner. The effects of source type, source level, and mean flow Mach number on the impedances educed with these liners are explored. Existing models are used to predict the impedance for each test condition, and are compared with educed impedance spectra to determine their validity. The results suggest that educed impedances are similar for either a stepped sine or swept sine source. The predicted models are acceptable for the perforate liner, and are quite good for the calibration and wire mesh liners.
Rate constant of propagation reaction in stationary state of cationic polymerization. Part VII. Solvent effect (1965)

Abstract The solvent effect on cationic polymerization of styrene derivatives with iodine as the initiator was studied. It was proved that the propagation constant increased remarkably with the polarity of solvent. In the copolymerization the content of the monomer with less solvating power increased in copolymer as the polarity of the medium increased. It was assumed that the process of the dissociation of the gegen anion of the attacking monomer is predominantly rate‐determining in propagation reaction.
Phase-Divided MAC Protocol for Integrated Uplink and Downlink Multiuser MIMO WLANs (2017)

Multiuser multiple-input and multiple-output (MU-MIMO) technology is regarded as one of the most promising technologies to cope with the enormous amount of network traffic in wireless local area networks. However, combining uplink and downlink MU-MIMO on the basis of a distributed coordination function causes serious channel resource loss because of collisions between uplink and downlink transmissions. In this paper, we propose a phase-divided medium access control (PD-MAC) protocol, in which a novel integrated frame structure is introduced that allocates two phases for uplink and downlink in a periodic cycle to remove contentions between uplink and downlink transmissions. PD-MAC also adopts an overhead mitigation scheme to reduce control overhead in user selection and employs an algorithm to balance uplink and downlink throughputs. An analytical model is developed to characterize the PD-MAC network throughput. Simulation results show that PD-MAC outperforms the previous unified MAC with regard to network throughput by 21.2%, and that the overhead mitigation scheme improves PD-MAC network throughput by 47.3%.
An intrinsically robust technique for fault tolerance under multiple upsets (2004)

In this study, the use of stochastic operators for the design of inherently robust circuits for future technologies is proposed, being an alternative to conventional digital arithmetic operators.
Design and Synthesis of Pyrrolidine-5,5-trans-lactams (5-Oxo-hexahydro-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrroles) as Novel Mechanism-Based Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus Protease. 1. The α-Methyl-trans-lactam Template (2000)

Mechanism-based inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) protease have been designed based on the pyrrolidine-5,5-trans-lactam ring system. New routes to the beta-methyl-, desmethyl-, and alpha-methyl-pyrrolidine-5,5-trans-lactam templates have been developed from 2,4-diaminobutyric acid. ESI/MS studies have shown that these inhibitors can bind covalently and reversibly to the viral enzyme in a time-dependent manner by a mechanism which is consistent with acylation of HCMV deltaAla protease at the active site nucleophile Ser 132. SAR in this series of pyrrolidine-5, 5-trans-lactams has defined the relative stereochemisty of the methyl substituent adjacent to the lactam carbonyl, the functionality on the lactam nitrogen, and the mechanism of action of this novel series of serine protease inhibitors against the HCMV deltaAla protease. Activity decreases on moving from the alpha-methyl to the desmethyl to the beta-methyl series. This selectivity is the opposite of that observed for these templates against the elastase and thrombin enzymes. The activity against HCMV deltaAla protease is the greatest with inhibitors based on the Cbz-protected alpha-methyl-5,5-trans-lactam template which have low micromolar activity against the viral enzyme.
ChemInform Abstract: Internally Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Diels—Alder Cycloadditions. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Advances in Fibre Microendoscopy for Neuronal Imaging (2016)

Abstract Traditionally, models for neural dynamics in the brain have been formed through research conducted on slices, with electrodes, or by lesions to functional areas. Recent developments in functional dyes and optogenetics has made brain research more accessible through the use of light. However, this improved accessibility does not necessarily apply to deep regions of the brain which are surrounded by scattering tissue. In this article we give an overview of some of the latest methods in development for neural measurement and imaging.We specifically address methods designed to overcome the problem of imaging invivo for regions far beyond the mean free path of photons in brain tissue. These methodswould permit previously restricted neural research.
V-RBNN Based Small Drone Detection in Augmented Datasets for 3D LADAR System (2018)

A common countermeasure to detect threatening drones is the electro-optical infrared (EO/IR) system. However, its performance is drastically reduced in conditions of complex background, saturation and light reflection. 3D laser sensor LiDAR is used to overcome the problems of 2D sensors like EO/IR, but it is not enough to detect small drones at a very long distance because of low laser energy and resolution. To solve this problem, A 3D LADAR sensor is under development. In this work, we study the detection methodology adequate to the LADAR sensor which can detect small drones at up to 2 km. First, a data augmentation method is proposed to generate a virtual target considering the laser beam and scanning characteristics, and to augment it with the actual LADAR sensor data for various kinds of tests before full hardware system developed. Second, a detection algorithm is proposed to detect drones using voxel-based background subtraction and variable radially bounded nearest neighbor (V-RBNN) method. The results show that 0.2 m L2 distance and 60% expected average overlap (EAO) indexes are satisfied for the required specification to detect 0.3 m size of small drones.