gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multivalent Ion Distribution around a Cylindrical Polyion:  Contribution of Polarization Effects Due to Difference between Dielectric Properties of the Macromolecule's Interior and the Aqueous Solvent (1997)

The Bogolyubov−Born−Green−Yvon (BBGY) equations have been applied to study ionic and mean electrostatic potential distributions around an extremely simplified model of the DNA at low ionic concentrations. Dielectric discontinuities have been taken into account. Results are compared with those obtained in classical Poisson−Boltzmann calculations which neglect the effect of ion−image charge interactions and interionic correlations. It is shown that concentration profiles of divalent counterions are sensitive to the structural elements of the solvent, i.e., the location of the dielectric discontinuities, whereas this effect is negligible for monovalent ions. The numerical method used can be applied to calculate ionic distributions around macromolecules of arbitrary shape placed into dilute solution of multivalent electrolyte.
Brachiocephalic artery dilation by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. (1986)

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) was used to dilate stenotic lesions in 38 brachiocephalic arteries in 36 patient. Complete evaluation of the central nervous system blood supply is a prerequisite for the brachiocephalic PTA when cerebral symptoms are present. The femoral artery is the best vascular entry site; use of digital subtraction angiography equipment for arterial mapping is helpful. Balloon diameter should be the same as or slightly wider than the diameter of the normal artery adjacent to the stenotic segment. Spasm was successfully treated with intraarterial injection of nitroglycerin. The only drug therapy consistently used with PTA was aspirin. Complete dilation of the stenosis is the best prevention of thrombotic or embolic complications. In properly selected cases, proximal subclavian artery stenoses can be safely dilated, and the balloon can eventually be placed across the origin of the vertebral artery. Because of potential complications associated with brachiocephalic PTA, indications must be well established, and interventions should not be performed on marginal or asymptomatic stenoses.
Development of a source of femtosecond X-ray pulses based on the electron storage ring (2003)

The dynamic properties of materials are governed by atomic motion which occur on the fundamental time scale of a vibrational period /spl sim/100 fs. This is the time scale of interest for ultrafast chemical reactions, non-equilibrium phase transitions, vibrational energy transfer, surface desorption and reconstruction, and coherent phonon dynamics. To date, our understanding of these processes has been limited by lack of appropriate tools for probing atomic structure on an ultrafast time scale. The time resolution of high-brightness 3rd generation synchrotron light sources is more than two orders of magnitude too slow for these studies. However, the desired X-ray pulses may be achieved by selecting radiation which originates from a thin /spl sim/100 fs temporal slice of an electron bunch.
In vivo degradation of semi‐rigid polymeric films made of alginate and polyethylene glycol (2005)

Abstract Alginate‐based biomaterials can form naturally derived polymeric hydrogels with sufficient structural integrity to readily be used in many clinical applications. However, ionically cross‐linked alginate gels do not always possess structural properties suitable for application as erodable polymeric films for controlled release of drugs and growth factors. In this study, semi‐rigid polymeric films were constructed of sodium alginate and polyethylene glycol (PEG) by means of a rehydration cross‐linking technique. The films were assembled by dehydrating a solution of alginate and PEG and cross‐linking the alginate during its rehydration with a solution of calcium chloride. The product is a highly dense polymeric network that prevents in vivo cellular infiltration and disassembles primarily by surface erosion. By implanting the PEG‐alginate films into the subcutis of rats, the mechanism of polymer degradation was demonstrated to occur via inflammation‐mediated erosion of the material rather than by means of cellular infiltration. There were extensive areas of foamy macrophages at the site of the implant, indicating a likely mechanism of removal and disposal of the disassembled PEG and alginate polymer. The eroded fragments of the film that remained after six weeks did not exhibit signs of a cellular infiltrate but rather stayed intact, appearing as small, dense fragments of polymer. Our observations that nearly all the PEG‐alginate material was cleared from the implantation site by the sixth postoperative week highlight the potential exploitation of these films as bioresorbable wound dressings with prospective utilization as a drug delivery device. Moreover, the employment of polymeric films made of functionalized PEG, which enables covalent attachment of biological molecules, potentiates their use for growth factor delivery applications.
Near-Infrared Luminescent Lanthanide MOF Barcodes (2009)

We demonstrate the conceptual advantage of using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for the creation of a polymetallic material that contains several different near-IR-emitting lanthanide cations and operates as a barcode material with unique luminescence properties. By choosing the ratio of lanthanide salts used during the synthesis, we can control the ratio of lanthanide cations present in the resulting material. We have demonstrated that the emission intensity of each of the different lanthanide cations is proportional to its amount in the MOF crystal, resulting in unique spectroscopic barcodes that depend on the lanthanide cation ratios and compositions.
Quantifying the Gap Between FPGA and Custom CMOS to Aid Microarchitectural Design (2013)

This paper compares the delay and area of a comprehensive set of processor building block circuits when implemented on custom CMOS and FPGA substrates, then uses these results to show how soft processor microarchitectures should be different from those of hard processors. We find that the ratios of the custom CMOS versus FPGA area for different building blocks varies considerably more than the speed ratios, thus, area ratios have more impact on microarchitecture choices. Complete processor cores on an FPGA use 17-27 × more area (“area ratio”) than the same design implemented in custom CMOS. Building blocks with dedicated hardware support on FPGAs such as SRAMs, adders, and multipliers are particularly area-efficient (2-7×), while multiplexers and content-addressable memories (CAM) are particularly area-inefficient (>100×). Applying these results, we find out-of-order soft processors should use physical register file organizations to minimize CAM size.
Effect of Spikelets ofMiscanthus sinensison IgE-Mediated Biphasic Cutaneous Reaction in Mice (1998)

The effect of spikelets of Miscanthus sinensis Andersson (M. sinensis) on IgE-mediated biphasic cutaneous reactions was investigated in BALB/c mice. Mice were passively sensitized by an intravenous (i.v.) injection of monoclonal antidinitrophenol IgE antibody (anti-DNP IgE mAb), or actively by an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of DNP-derivatized ovalbumin (DNP-OVA) plus aluminium hydroxide gel (Alum) as an adjuvant. Skin reactions were elicited by an epicutaneous challenge of dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) and occurred biphasically with peak responses at 1 and 24 h in both animal models. The administrations of a nondialysable water extract of M. sinensis within 2 h before or after DNFB challenge via oral or i.p. route significantly inhibited the biphasic cutaneous reactions in passively and actively sensitized mice. The inhibitory effect was much stronger than those of a glucocorticoid, prednisolone, and histamine release inhibitor, amlexanox, as positive controls. The active component(s) was predominantly located in the glycoprotein fraction by gel chromatography. In the ears of DNFB-challenged mice, this fraction suppressed the accumulation of inflammatory cells, including mast cells and neutrophils/macrophages. In addition, the biphasic ear swelling was also improved by an administration of the glycoprotein fraction 24 h before active sensitization. These findings indicate that the glycoprotein fraction of M. sinensis was able to inhibit not only the IgE-mediated allergic inflammatory reaction but also the IgE formation. Thus, this fraction may be a useful antiallergic therapy.
Practical distributed garbage collection for networks with asynchronous clocks and message delay (2002)

Distributed garbage collection over a message passage network is discussed in this paper. Traditionally, this can be done by reference counting, which is fast but cannot reclaim cyclic structures or by graph traversal, e.g. mark-and-sweep or time stamping, which is capable of reclaiming cyclic structures but is slow. We propose a combined scheme which is fast in reclaiming acyclic garbage and guaranteed to reclaim cyclic garbage. Our scheme does not rely on synchronized clocks nor zero message delay and is thus practical.
Analgetics based on .alpha.-phenyl-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalgetics based on .alpha.-phenyl-3-pyrrolidineacetic acidAlbert D. Cale and Carl D. LunsfordCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1968, 11, 3, 470–471Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00309a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00309a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views43Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Investigating the Targets of MIR-15a and MIR-16-1 in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) (2009)

The genes identified here as being subject to MIR-15a/16-1 regulation could represent direct or indirect targets of these miRNAs. Many of these are good biological candidates for involvement in tumorigenesis and as such, may be important in the aetiology of CLL.
Stable expression in HEK‐293 cells of the rat α3/β4 subtype of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (1996)

The alpha3/beta4 subtype of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) was stably expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells that co-expressed a voltage-gated Ca2+ channel. alpha3/beta4-nAChR-expressing clones were identified using the fura-2 Ca2+ imaging technique, and were further characterised by single-cell and whole-cell patch-clamp studies. Acetylcholine (ACh) induced fast activating currents which showed desensitisation and inward rectification. The conductance of the ACh-activated channel was 29 pS. The order of potency of the nicotinic agonists tested was cytisine approximately = nicotine > acetylcholine. The EC50 value for ACh was 145 microM; the Hill coefficient was close to 2. The currents elicited by ACh were effectively blocked by nicotinic antagonists, but not by the muscarinic antagonist atropine. These properties are comparable to the pharmacological and physiological profile of ganglionic nicotinic receptors and type III currents of cultured hippocampal neurons.
Efficiency Implications of Term Weighting for Passage Retrieval (2020)

Language model pre-training has spurred a great deal of attention for tasks involving natural language understanding, and has been successfully applied to many downstream tasks with impressive results. Within information retrieval, many of these solutions are too costly to stand on their own, requiring multi-stage ranking architectures. Recent work has begun to consider how to "backport" salient aspects of these computationally expensive models to previous stages of the retrieval pipeline. One such instance is DeepCT, which uses BERT to re-weight term importance in a given context at the passage level. This process, which is computed offline, results in an augmented inverted index with re-weighted term frequency values. In this work, we conduct an investigation of query processing efficiency over DeepCT indexes. Using a number of candidate generation algorithms, we reveal how term re-weighting can impact query processing latency, and explore how DeepCT can be used as a static index pruning technique to accelerate query processing without harming search effectiveness.
Suppression of Root Diseases and Weeds in Peas(Pisum sativum)Treated with Dinitrophenol and Dinitroaniline Herbicides (1978)

Dinoseb (2- sec -butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol) and certain dinitroaniline herbicides suppressed root rot caused by Aphanomyces euteiches Drechs. and other fungal pathogens in peas (Pisum sativum L.). Dinoseb was the most effective. At 6.72 kg/ha pre-plant incorporated (PPI) it reduced the disease severity index (DSI) in glasshouse bioassays to the level considered safe for general use by commercial growers. In fields tests disease severity was reduced and yield of peas was increased with dinoseb. Dinitroaniline herbicides reduced DSI values to the level considered safe for early crop peas. A simplified DSI method of measuring root rot based on mid-season root symptoms was found to be effective. Weed control was superior with the dinitroanilines and propachlor (2-chloro- N -isoproylacetanilide). Dinoseb significantly reduced weed populations relative to untreated plots. Several dinitroaniline treatments caused stunting and stand reduction.
TILTING OF FEMORAL CANAL IN THE AXIAL PLANE – CAN IT BE A FACTOR FOR SURGEON’S CONSIDERATION DURING PLANNING AND EVALUATING A ROBOTIC THA? (2010)

For radiographic assessment of THA, we must estimate a 3-D structure with 2-D images. Basically, it has been good. But even after a successful surgery, sometimes we encountered an undersized stem in radiograph. Interestingly, it was more frequent after we introduced surgical robot for primary THA. It sometimes brought a huge dilemma during planning and evaluating the surgery. We performed this study to elucidate the cause of this problem. We used image data of 30 consecutive THAs using ROBODOC (ISS, USA). The measurement was made with the built-in tool in the Orthodoc, which is for the CT-based preoperative planning, and digital imaging system (PiView, Infinitt, Korea). We measured femoral anteversion, tilting angle at corresponding level, the longest and shortest diameters of femoral canal and their ratio. Also we measured anteversion and alignment of the stem. The canal filling of the stem was measured in projected images with CT and postoperative radiographs. The mean femoral anteversion was 21.1±10.2°. The canal tiling angle was 39.3±7.9°(p This result suggests that the femoral canal at this particular or more distal level is elliptically shaped constantly. It tilts (in axial plane) to the same direction but not to the same degrees with femoral anteversion. Because of this tilt, relatively well-fixed round femoral stem can be considered as undersized in plane radiograph. Therefore, rather than using two plain radiographs alone for postoperative evaluation, adding postoperative CT may provide appropriate accuracy for assessment. And surgeon should keep in mind this axial tilt during planning and evaluating a robotic THA, especially not to remove too much healthy cortical bones to obtain full distal filling.
Humans do it better : Inside the open directory project (2000)

L'auteur retrace la genese et le succes de l'Open Directory Project (ODP), projet de repertoire qui fait appel aux ressources humaines que represente la communaute du Web. La qualite du travail effectue par ces compilateurs humains fait l'objet de mesures de controle rigoureuses. En depit de certaines critiques, les plus grands moteurs de recherche ont desormais integre les donnees ODP dans leur service de recherche.
Source-model technique analysis of electromagnetic scattering by surface grooves and slits (2011)

A computational tool, based on the source-model technique (SMT), for analysis of electromagnetic wave scattering by surface grooves and slits is presented. The idea is to use a superposition of the solution of the unperturbed problem and local corrections in the groove/slit region (the grooves and slits are treated as perturbations). In this manner, the solution is obtained in a much faster way than solving the original problem. The proposed solution is applied to problems of grooves and slits in otherwise planar or periodic surfaces. Grooves and slits of various shapes, both smooth ones as well as ones with edges, empty or filled with dielectric material, are considered. The obtained results are verified against previously published data.
Optimization of Soft Tissue Management, Spacer Design, and Grafting Strategies For Large Segmental Bone Defects Using The Chronic Caprine Tibial Defect Model (2014)

Abstract : This proposal addresses the treatment of segmental bone defects and methods that can be used to manipulate the Masquelet induced membrane to create a graft bed that optimizes bone regeneration. The results showed that scraping the inner surface of the induced membrane provided a highly desirable environment that promoted more bone regeneration by providing exposure of the autograft placed in the defect site to fresh blood and competing non-osteogenic cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Free Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of Trisubstituted Cyclic Allyl Bromides Using Grignard Reagents. (2014)

Abstract A regio‐ and enantioselective method for the preparation of alkyl‐, allyl‐substituted benzothiopyran and tetralone derivatives is developed.
Food and drug reactions and anaphylaxis Effects of cooking methods on peanut allergenicity (2001)

Background: Allergy to peanut is a significant health problem. Interestingly, the prevalence of peanut allergy in China is much lower than that in the United States, despite a high rate of peanut consumption in China. In China, peanuts are commonly fried or boiled, whereas in the United States peanuts are typically dry roasted. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine whether the method of preparing peanuts could be a factor in the disparity of allergy prevalence between the 2 countries. Methods: Two varieties of peanuts grown in the United States were roasted, boiled, or fried. Proteins were analyzed by using SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. Allergenicity was compared by using immunolabeling with sera from 8 patients with peanut allergy. Results: The protein fractions of both varieties of peanuts were altered to a similar degree by frying or boiling. Compared with roasted peanuts, the relative amount of Ara h 1 was reduced in the fried and boiled preparations, resulting in a significant reduction of IgE-binding intensity. In addition, there was significantly less IgE binding to Ara h 2 and Ara h 3 in fried and boiled peanuts compared with that in roasted peanuts, even though the protein amounts were similar in all 3 preparations. Conclusion: The methods of frying or boiling peanuts, as practiced in China, appear to reduce the allergenicity of peanuts compared with the method of dry roasting practiced widely in the United States. Roasting uses higher temperatures that apparently increase the allergenic property of peanut proteins and may help explain the difference in prevalence of peanut allergy observed in the 2 countries. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001;107:1077-81.)
1.5 µm GaInAsP traveling-wave semiconductor laser amplifier (1987)

This paper presents a theoretical and experimental study in terms of small-signal gain, signal gain saturation, and noise characteristics of a 1.5 μm GaInAsP traveling-wave amplifier (TWA), realized through the application of SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> film antireflection coatings. This TWA, having a residual facet reflectivity of 0.04 percent, exhibits a wide, flat signal gain spectrum and a saturation output power of +7 dBm at a 20 dB signal gain. The TWA also has a noise figure of 5.2 dB, which is the smallest value reported for semiconductor laser amplifiers. The experimental results are confirmed to be in good agreement with the theoretical predictions based on the multimode traveling-wave rate equations in conjunction with the photon statistic master equation analysis, which takes into account the amplifier material and device structural parameters. Signal gain undulation, saturation output power, and noise figure are also theoretically evaluated as functions of the facet reflectivity. The superior performance of the TWA demonstrates that the device is favorable for use in linear optical repeaters in fiber transmission systems.
Mozambique - Communication Sector Reform : environmental impact assessment (2001)

This environmental pre-audit of public enterprises for the Communication Sector Reform Project aims to assist the government to a) identify the extent of the existing environmental liabilities of public enterprises and rank them accordingly as to which needs full audit or no audit; b) broadly assess the environmental conditions at the enterprises to be privatized against the risk of being held responsible for damages after privatization; c) use the environmental pre-audit as a starting point for assessing the enterprise's environmental and health status prior to privatization; and d) assess the responsibility of monitoring and compliance of each party to meet the internationally accepted environmental standards. The pre-audit will be conducted in two phases: focusing to privatize the telecommunication company -- Telecommunicacoes de Mozambique (TDM), the national airline -- Linheas Aeras de Mozambique (LAM) , and to concession the Maputo International Airport (MIA). For MIA, a partial pre-audit will be required to deal with solid waste disposal, treatment of water, and VOA equipment. For LAM, no audit is required since the current fleet being operated does not pose any environmental concerns, For TDM, no audit is required since TDM has been able to resolve the main concerns relating to the decommissioning of cross-bar exchanges and other analog equipment with a Zimbabwean enterprise.
Systemische Sklerodermie und sekundäre pulmonale Hypertonie (PAH) unter Bosentan – von HU zu NT, ein Case Report (2005)

Anliegen des Case Report ist es, die unerwartete Effizienz der Bosentan-Therapie bei Progressiver systemischer Sklerodermie und pulmonaler Hypertonie zu illustrieren.
Benzene dioxygenase in Pseudomonas putida. Subunit composition and immuno-cross-reactivity with other aromatic dioxygenases (1987)

The terminal oxygenase component of benzene dioxygenase from Pseudomonas putida strain ML2 was shown to contain two subunits, of Mr 54,500 and 23,500, by SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. The native Mr of the terminal oxygenase was estimated to be 168,000 +/- 4000. Polyclonal antibodies raised against each of the subunits cross-reacted with two polypeptides in cell-free extracts from toluene-grown Pseudomonas putida strain N.C.I.B. 11767. The Mr values of these polypeptides were similar to those reported for the subunits from the terminal dioxygenase component of toluene dioxygenase. These polypeptides were present only when this strain was grown on toluene. No cross-reactivity was observed with subunits of the naphthalene dioxygenase or benzoate dioxygenase systems.