gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Digital Spatial Profiling Links Beta-2-microglobulin Expression with Immune Checkpoint Blockade Outcomes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Programmed cell death protein‐1 (PD-1)-targeted immunotherapy is approved for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) treatment. Although its efficacy correlates with PD-L1 expression, response is limited even among positive cases. We employed digital spatial profiling (DSP) to discover potential biomarkers of immunotherapy outcomes in HNSCC. Fifty prospectively collected, pretreatment biopsy samples from patients with anti-PD-1–treated R/M HNSCC, were assessed using DSP, for 71 proteins in four molecularly defined compartments (tumor, leukocyte, macrophage, and stroma). Markers were evaluated for associations with progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). High beta-2 microglobulin (B2M), LAG-3, CD25, and 4-1BB in tumor; high B2M, CD45, CD4 in stroma, and low fibronectin in the macrophage compartment, correlated with prolonged PFS. Improved PFS and OS were observed for cases with high B2M by quantitative and mRNA. Findings were validated in an independent cohort for PFS (HR, 0.41; 95% confidence interval, 0.19–0.93; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.034). B2M-high tumors showed enrichment with immune cell and immune checkpoint markers. Our study illustrates B2M expression is associated with improved survival for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-treated HNSCC.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;In the current study, DSP revealed the positive association of B2M expression in the tumor compartment with immunotherapy outcomes in R/M HNSCC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
16 Mb DRAM/SOI technologies for sub-1 V operation (2002)

Extra low voltage DRAM/SOI technologies were developed using (1) modified MESA isolation without parasitic MOS operation, (2) dual gate CMOS for low Vth control, (3) optimized layout using both body-tied and floating body MOSFETs, and (4) reduced Cb/Cs ratio. Completely redesigned low voltage scheme 16 MDRAM/SOI was successfully realized and functional operation was obtained at very low supply voltage below 1 V.
A 12.4&#x03BC;m<sup>2</sup> 133.4&#x03BC;W 4.56mV/&#x00B0;C resolution digital on-chip thermal sensing circuit in 45nm CMOS utilizing sub-threshold operation (2011)

Dynamic thermal management (DTM) schemes rely on physical sensors to provide them with feedback to ensure an accurate and closed-loop throttling mechanism. Power-density trends in current-generation, high-performance processors motivate the need for multiple low-area, low-power and high-sensitivity temperature monitoring circuits. To this end, we have proposed and implemented in 45nm CMOS, a novel, digital, on-chip thermal sensing circuit with a high thermal sensitivity of 4.56mV/°C, low power dissipation of 133.4μW and a compact layout occupying 12.4μ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The design is robust towards process and supply induced noise incurring a 1-σ accuracy loss of <;=1.24°C for a +/-10% random variation in the physical and environmental parameters.
Intrathecal co-administration of substance P and NMDA augments nociceptive responses in the formalin test (1992)

The effects of intrathecal administration of substance P and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) were studied in the formalin test in mice. Both substances were administered 5 min before injection of formalin into the hind paw. Co-administration of substance P and NMDA intensified the response in both the 1st (0-10 min) and the 2nd phase (20-30 min) of the formalin test, and increased the duration of the response. The increase in the response to formalin depended on the formalin concentration and was significant with 1% and 5% concentrations of formalin but not with a 0.05% concentration. No increase in the response was observed when NMDA or substance P was given alone. These findings indicate that concurrent activation of spinal NMDA and substance P receptors induces an enhancement of spinal transmission of nociception, and that this enhancement is dependent on the intensity or the quality of the peripheral stimulus.
Critical Role of Spherulite Structure on Behavior of Stabilizers in Poly(propylene) Stabilization (2012)

Abstract Summary: We found that the spherulite structure of polypropylene (PP) significantly influences the stability of PP by affecting the behavior of stabilizers. Smaller spherulites resulted in more homogeneous dispersion of stabilizers and their slower release into air, so as to elongate the lifetime of PP. Moreover, chemically and physically weak spherulite boundaries were selectively oxidized in the presence of stabilizers. The significance to control higher order structures on the stabilization of PP is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: New Materials Based on Highly‐Functionalized Tetrathiafulvalene Derivatives (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Small-volume 7.5% NaCl adenocaine/Mg2+ preserves cardiac function during hypotensive resuscitation in the pig following severe hemorrhagic shock (2012)

[Extract] Background: Cardiac rescue is critical for successful resuscitation. Previously, we reported that ~1 ml/kg 7.5% NaCl with Adenocaine (adenosine and lidocaine) and Mg2+ (ALM) successfully resuscitated rats following severe hemorrhagic shock, and that in pigs ALM significantly reduced the volume of Ringers acetate required to raise MAP to a target of 50 mmHg following 74% blood loss. The present study examines the effect of small volume 7.5% NaCl ALM on cardiac function during 60 min hypotensive resuscitation following 90 min shock in the porcine model. Methods: Pigs (35-40kg) were subjected to pressure-controlled hemorrhage at a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 35-40mmHg for 90 min (~75% blood loss). Pigs were randomly assigned to receive either 4 ml/kg 7.5% NaCl ALM (ALM n=8) or 4 ml/kg 7.5% NaCl (Control n=8). Cardiac output (CO), stroke volume, left-ventricular pressures and hemodynamics were collected continuously. Significance *p<0.05. Results: MAP, end-systolic pressure and CO were significantly higher in the ALM pigs at the end of hypotensive resuscitation (Table). The higher CO was due to a higher stroke volume (SV) maintained at a significantly lower heart rate (HR). Paradoxically dP/dtmax tended to be higher in the Control group during the first 45min of hypotensive resuscitation (p=0.066) with no difference at 60min. Systolic ejection times were significantly increased in the ALM group and inversely related to HR. There was no difference in LV end-diastolic pressure between the two groups indicating that preload was similar during hypotensive resuscitation. LV blood flow at 30min resuscitation was comparable in the two groups (Control: 2.86±0.6 vs. ALM: 4.1±1.4 ml/min/g; p=0.7) Conclusion: Superior cardiac rescue was achieved in ALM by a higher SV and CO, lower HR and longer ejection times vs Controls. Longer isovolumic contraction and ejection times may be due to suppression of SA nodal activity or rebalancing of sympathetic/parasympathetic control.
Supplementary Methods 1 from A novel class of Ribosome Modulating Agents (RMAs) exploits cancer ribosome heterogeneity to selectively target the CMS2 subtype of colorectal cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary methods&lt;/p&gt;
The number of positively charged amino acids in the basic domain of Tat is critical for trans-activation and complex formation with TAR RNA. (1991)

The basic domain of Tat is required for trans-activation of viral gene expression. We have performed scanning peptide studies to demonstrate that only this domain is capable of binding to the TAR RNA stem-loop. Strikingly, the basic domain of the other human immunodeficiency virus trans-acting factor, Rev, but no other region, is also capable of binding to TAR. Peptide derivatives of Tat do not require the highly conserved glutamine residue at position 54 for TAR binding, since it may be substituted or deleted. In addition, the two lysine residues may be replaced by arginines. Analysis of binding and trans-activation demonstrated that homopolymers of arginine can completely substitute for the basic domain. Such homopolymers have high affinity for wild-type TAR RNA and lower affinity for mutant TAR. Homopolymers of six to nine arginines substituting for the basic domain of Tat enable full trans-activation in vivo. Homopolymers of at least seven arginines are required for detectable in vitro complex formation, although approximately 30% trans-activation is achieved with a mutant Tat containing only five arginines.
Multiple functional defects in peripheral autonomic organs in mice lacking muscarinic acetylcholine receptor gene for the M 3 subtype (2000)

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors consist of five distinct subtypes and have been important targets for drug development. In the periphery, muscarinic acetylcholine receptors mediate cholinergic signals to autonomic organs, but specific physiological functions of each subtype remain poorly elucidated. Here, we have constructed and analyzed mutant mice lacking the M(3) receptor and have demonstrated that this subtype plays key roles in salivary secretion, pupillary constriction, and bladder detrusor contractions. However, M(3)-mediated signals in digestive and reproductive organs are dispensable, likely because of redundant mechanisms through other muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes or other mediators. In addition, we have found prominent urinary retention only in the male, which indicates a considerable sex difference in the micturition mechanism. Accordingly, this mutant mouse should provide a useful animal model for investigation of human diseases that are affected in the peripheral cholinergic functions.
The current status of gastric prokinetic drugs. (1991)

Several current gastrokinetic drugs (metoclopramide, domperidone, cisapride) are analysed in this review. After comparing the pharmacokinetics, the gastrointestinal prokinetic mechanisms and the side effects of each drug, their therapeutic uses are reviewed. All drugs improve symptoms of patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, diabetic gastroparesis and idiopathic gastroparesis, but only cisapride seems capable to maintain a gastrokinetic effect under chronic administration. Erythromycin, which has a dramatic effect on hypomotility in diabetic gastroparesis, and opioid antagonists, may constitute new groups of efficient prokinetic drugs.
Treatment of the infected total hip arthroplasty with a two-stage reimplantation protocol. (1994)

Forty-four patients (46 hips) with infected total hip arthroplasties were evaluated. They were entered into a protocol that included resection arthroplasty, six weeks of intravenous antibiotics which obtained a minimum postpeak serum bactericidal titer of 1:8, and possible reimplantation. Thirty-two of 46 hips (70%) were reimplanted. At an average of 40 months (range, 24-74 months) after reimplantation, infection recurred in three hips (9%). In two of the three recurrent infections, 1:8 bactericidal titers were not attained. Both of these hips were infected with gram-negative organisms. Minimum postpeak serum bactericidal titers of 1:8 were attained in 28 of 32 hips that were reimplanted, and only one of these hips (4%) had a recurrent infection (p = 0.035). The presence of retained cement after resection arthroplasty (ten hips) was not associated with recurrent infection. Fourteen hips (12 patients were not reimplanted as a result of a combination of factors, including inadequate bone stock, poor soft-tissue quality, and antibiotic resistance of the infecting organism. The treatment of an infected total hip arthroplasty with resection arthroplasty, six weeks of intravenous antibiotics that attains a minimum postpeak serum bactericidal titer of 1:8, and reimplantation can be an effective and safe treatment.
Linear Direct Drive Mechanism Utilizing Shock Motion. (1995)

This paper deals with a small linear direct drive mechanism using a piezoelectric element and an example of its application. This mechanism can drive a small or thin object in steps of sub-micrometers up to several tens micrometers. It consists of a piezoelectric element, a guide and a moved object. It can also drive the object vertically. This mechanism has similar performances of displacement to the Impact Drive Mechanism. Because both mechanisms utilize shock excitation caused by rapid deformations of the piezoelectric element, and stick-slip mechanism of friction between the object and a guide. The displacement of the object does not depend on its mass. The experimental results of the displacement of the object are compared with the calculated results which are obtained by solving the motion equations. An application to a directly feeding device of an electrode which is used for electrical discharge machining (EDM) is proposed. The feeding device measures 8 × 9 × 28mm. It can machine holes without exchanging the electrode. This linear drive can be applied to EDM.
Repeaterless transmission of 80-channel AM-SCM signals over 100-km large-effective-area dispersion-shifted fiber (2000)

We have investigated the SBS threshold and transport of AM-SCM signal over large-effective-area dispersion-shifted fiber (LEAF), truewave/reduced slope fiber, and standard single-mode fiber with external modulation. The transmission performance of CNR /spl ges/49.4 dB, CSO/spl les/-60.5 dB, and CTB/spl les/-60.3 dB has been achieved for externally modulated 80-channel AM-SCM signals over 100-km LEAF without in-line optical amplifiers.
CounterPoint: Creating Jazzy Interactive Presentations (2001)

In this paper, we introduce Counterpoint, a zooming presentation tool. CounterPoint supports the construction of slide show style presentations with content arrangement in a 2.5D space. As with other Zoomable User Interfaces, CounterPoint provides animated navigations as transitions through this space. Our tool also supports both automated sequential paths and interactive navigation through the presentation. Multiple paths may also be defined within a single presentation space. This paper describes the functionality of our tool, some implementation details, and potential benefits of CounterPoint over more traditional slide show tools. Keywords Interactive presentations, Zoomable User Interfaces (ZUIs), spatial hypertext, dynamic paths, slide shows.
Ballistic Electron Transport in AlAs Quantum Wells (2004)

We report the observation of commensurability oscillations in an AlAs two-dimensional electron system where two conduction-band valleys with elliptical in-plane Fermi contours are occupied. The Fourier power spectrum of the oscillations shows two frequency components consistent with those expected for the Fermi contours of the two valleys. From an analysis of the spectra we deduce m(l)/m(t)=5.2+/-0.5 for the ratio of the longitudinal and transverse electron effective masses, a fundamental parameter that cannot be directly measured from other transport experiments.
Demonstration of auditory impedance/reflectance measurement technique, and MIDI enters the research lab (1988)

A microcomputer-based implementation of a two-microphone wavetube technique for measuring acoustical impedance and energy reflectance will be demonstrated. Data can be fully analyzed with graphical output while the subject is present, thus giving the researcher important flexibility. The Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) is a standard in electronic music with potential research applications in the areas of acoustical stimulus generation, instrumentation control, and data collection. Selected applications will be demonstrated on the microcomputer with MIDI peripheral devices, and a MIDI software library designed for integration into the research setting will be described. [Work partially supported by NINCDS.]
Slang (2018)

Designers of real-time rendering engines must balance the conflicting goals of maintaining clear, extensible shading systems and achieving high rendering performance. In response, engine architects have established effective design patterns for authoring shading systems, and developed engine-specific code synthesis tools, ranging from preprocessor hacking to domain-specific shading languages, to productively implement these patterns. The problem is that proprietary tools add significant complexity to modern engines, lack advanced language features, and create additional challenges for learning and adoption. We argue that the advantages of engine-specific code generation tools can be achieved using the underlying GPU shading language directly, provided the shading language is extended with a small number of best-practice principles from modern, well-established programming languages. We identify that adding generics with interface constraints, associated types, and interface/structure extensions to existing C-like GPU shading languages enables real-time Tenderer developers to build shading systems that are extensible, maintainable, and execute efficiently on modern GPUs without the need for additional domain-specific tools. We embody these ideas in an extension of HLSL called Slang, and provide a reference design for a large, extensible shader library implemented using Slang's features. We rearchitect an open source Tenderer to use this library and Slang's compiler services, and demonstrate the resulting shading system is substantially simpler, easier to extend with new features, and achieves higher rendering performance than the original HLSL-based implementation.
Reversible Mechanochromism of a Luminescent Elastomer (2013)

A novel mechanochromic elastomer was manufactured by doping bis(benzoxazolyl)stibene (BBS) into a thermoplastic polyurethane. Both solution casting and melt compounding approaches were tried with a range of BBS concentrations, and an optimal concentration of 0.5% was selected to investigate the mechanochromic mechanism in detail. When the blend film was stretched up to 100%, its emission peaks at 475 and 413 nm changed in intensity ratio from 6.3 to 1.8. When it was released, both the film size and emission peaks largely recovered. By a short annealing at 120 °C, their full recovery was achieved. Its reversion mechanism was proposed and proved by X-ray diffraction. In comparison to previous mechanochromic materials, this smart elastomer is easy to prepare, highly sensitive to stress, facilely renewable in usage, and totally based on biocompatible materials, having potential applications like stress sensors, intelligent devices, and alarming packages.
STOCHASTIC ANALYSIS AND GENERATION OF MONTHLY AND 14-DAY EVAPORATION DATA (1990)

In this paper, two hydrometeorological series, namely, monthly and 14-day evaporation data measured at the Hong Kong Royal Observatory King's Park meteorological station were decomposed into their respective constituent components. The dependent stochastic components were represented by Box-Jenkins type Auto Regressive Moving Average (ARMA) models while the independent random components were represented by various probability distribution functions. Synthetic data were generated by carrying out the decomposition procedure in the reverse order and compared with recorded data. The basic statistical characters have been satisfactorily preserved.
Figure S1 from Metformin Inhibits Progression of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Acting Directly on Carcinoma-Initiating Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The inhibitory effect of metformin on mTOR signaling and cell viability in CAL27 and SCC47 cells.&lt;/p&gt;
The Anti-thyroid Drug Methimazole Induces Neovascularization in the Neonatal Rat Analogous to ROP (2004)

The anti-thyroid drug, MMI, induces NV in neonatal rats. This may be mediated by the initial suppression of serum IGF-1. Nevertheless, the lower incidence of NV when serum IGF-1 levels are initially suppressed followed by complete recovery, is contrary to a purely permissive role for serum IGF-1, as reported previously. The relationship between the temporal course of serum IGF-1 and NV in immature retinas needs further investigation.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Targeting PRPK Function Blocks Colon Cancer Metastasis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Materials and Methods&lt;/p&gt;
Numerical Solution of Asymmetric Auctions (2021)

We propose the backward indifference derivation (BID) algorithm, a new method to numerically approximate the pure strategy Nash equilibrium (PSNE) bidding functions in asymmetric first-price auctions. The BID algorithm constructs a sequence of finite-action PSNE that converges to the continuum-action PSNE by finding where bidders are indifferent between actions. Consequently, our approach differs from prevailing numerical methods that consider a system of poorly behaved differential equations. After proving convergence (conditional on knowing the maximum bid), we evaluate the numerical performance of the BID algorithm on four examples, two of which have not been previously addressed.
Research on vehicle-based driver status/performance monitoring, part I (1996)

A driver detection/alarm/countermeasures system was specified, tested and evaluated, resulting in the development of revised algorithms for the detection of driver drowsiness. Previous algorithms were examined in a test and evaluation study, and were found to be ineffective in detecting drowsiness. These previous algorithms had been developed and validated under simulator conditions that did not emphasize the demand for maintaining the vehicle in the lane as would be expected in normal driving. Revised algorithms were then developed under conditions that encouraged more natural lane-keeping behavior by drivers in the simulator. In these revised algorithms, correlations between dependent measures and independent performance-related measures were lower than expected. However, classification accuracy improved when a criterion of drowsiness or was used, with performance assessed directly from a lane-related measure.
Communication on Power Lines Using Frequency and Duty-Cycle Modulation in digitally Controlled dc-dc Converters (2006)

This paper investigates power line communication in digitally-controlled dc-dc converters in distributed architectures that share the same bus voltage. Communication between different dc-dc converters is obtained by means of switching frequency and duty-cycle modulation detecting the switching signal on the common supply bus voltage. The proposed solution is simple and it takes the full advantages of integrated digital control, enabling intelligent power management and communication. Even if aimed to an integrated digital controller, experimental investigation has been performed using discrete components, implementing the communication architecture in FPGAs. Simulation and experimental results in a dc-dc buck converter confirm the proposed analysis and the performance achievable by the proposed power line communication techniques.
Synthesis of Si and Ti-Si-MCM-48 mesoporous materials with controlled pore sizes in the absence of polar organic additives and alkali metal ions (1998)

A new route for the synthesis of Si- and Si-Ti-MCM-48 has been developed which allows these materials to be obtained without using polar organic additives and alkali metal ions; this procedure not only produces more active and selective Ti-MCM-48 oxidation catalysts than those reported before, but also permits the synthesis of MCM-48 with controlled pore diameters.