gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dielectric relaxations in bilayer structures of comb‐like copolymers: Perfluoralkyl and liquid‐crystalline side chains (1995)

Abstract Abstract : A series of comb‐like copolymers and homopolymers containing different liquid‐crystalline and perfluoralkyl side chains was studied by frequency and temperature dependent dielectric measurements. The structure and the phase behaviour of the systems were characterized by X‐ray scattering and differential scanning calorimetry. The dielectric relaxation spectra of these polymers reflect the molecular mobility in bilayer structures formed by the mesogenic or crystalline side chains. By changing temperature it was possible to investigate the molecular motions in the different phases of the copolymers (smectic‐crystalline, smectic‐isotropic, and isotropic). The homopolymer containing perfluoralkyl side chains and all copolymers show a β‐relaxation at low temperatures, which is assigned to local molecular motions. Above the glass transition temperature, all samples exhibit a segmental (α) relaxation with WLF‐like temperature dependence in the activation plots. For the polymers forming LC structures only one relaxation process was detected in all phases, i.e. in the smectic, nematic, and isotropic structure or, in case of the copolymers, in the smectic‐crystalline and smectic‐isotropic double structures. This process was attributed always to the segmental motions, assisted by tumbling motions of the mesogens. The phase transitions are clearly indicated by discontinuities in the dielectric relaxation times and changes in the relaxation strength Δϵ. The dipole reorientations of the mesogens seem to be more restricted by the crystalline layers in the copolymers as by the smectic order of the LC homopolymers.
Is triquinacene homoaromatic? An MM3 study of triquinacene and its hydrogenation products (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIs triquinacene homoaromatic? An MM3 study of triquinacene and its hydrogenation productsJoey W. Storer and K. N. HoukCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 4, 1165–1168Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00030a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00030a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views127Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Etude D'heterocycles Germanies Synthetises a Partir de L'acide Salicylique et D'acides Derives (1995)

Abstract The syntheses of five or six membered germa heterocycles are described by two different methods. These derivatives were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR and mass spectrometry. Their thermal decomposition was studied. These germa-heterocycle structures are, according to their size, precursors of germylenes or germanones. An original synthesis of dialkyl or diaryl germaoxalates is also described. These derivatives are good precursors of dialkyl(aryl)germylenes.
Characterization of B-Cell Subsets in MuSK Myasthenia Gravis (P3.017) (2014)

Objective: To characterize B-cell subsets in patients with muscle specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK) myasthenia gravis (MG). Background: We previous found that MuSK MG patients have increased levels of Th1 and Th17 associated responses. Methods: In accordance with Human Immunology Project guidelines, we performed polychromatic flow cytometry assays in peripheral blood samples from 9 MuSK MG patients and 8 healthy controls. To complement the B-cell phenotype assay, we also measured B10 cell frequencies. Eight MuSK patients were on immunosuppressive therapies and 2 had previously received rituximab. Results: Total B-cell frequencies were similar in control and MuSK patients. Memory B cell subsets (CD19+CD27+) were lower and plasmablasts were higher in MuSK MG, but these findings may be driven by the 2 rituximab treated patients. Importantly, B10 cell frequencies were lower in MuSK MG patients than controls (0.45% versus 1.64%; p=0.011). Conclusions: We previously described normal regulatory T cell numbers, but enhanced proinflammatory CD4+ T cell responses in MuSK MG. B10 cells are a recently-described rare regulatory B-cell subset that potently block Th1 and Th17 responses. Reduced numbers of B10 cells suggest a mechanism for the breakdown in immune tolerance in MuSK MG patients. A recent study showed reduced B10 cell numbers in MG patients and that effective treatment with rituximab was associated with an early increase in B10 cell populations. Further studies are necessary to determine the possible effect of immunosuppressive medications on our findings and whether novel B-cell markers could serve as targets for immunomodulatory therapies in MuSK MG.
The Impact of Plasticizer and Degree of Hydrolysis on Free Volume of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Films (2018)

The effect of plasticizer species and the degree of hydrolysis (DH) on the free volume properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were studied using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy. Both glycerol and propylene glycol caused an increase in the free volume cavity radius, although exhibited distinct plasticization behavior, with glycerol capable of occupying existing free volume cavities in the PVA to some extent. The influence of water, normally present in PVA film under atmospheric conditions, was also isolated. Water added significantly to the measured free volume cavity radius in both plasticized and pure PVA matrices. Differences in plasticization behavior can be attributed to the functionality of each plasticizing additive and its hydrogen bonding capability. The increase in cavity radii upon plasticizer loading shows a qualitative link between the free volume of voids and the corresponding reduction in <i>T</i><sub>g</sub> and crystallinity. Cavity radius decreases with increasing DH, due to PVA network tightening in the absence of acetate groups. This corresponds well with the higher <i>T</i><sub>g</sub> observed in the resin with the higher DH. DH was also shown to impact the plasticization of PVA with glycerol, indicating that the larger cavities-created by the weaker hydrogen bonding acetate groups-are capable of accommodating glycerol molecules with negligible effect on the cavity dimensions.
A β‐amyloid oligomer directly modulates P/Q‐type calcium currents inXenopusoocytes (2011)

The α1A subunit of the P/Q-type calcium channel is directly modulated by oligomeric Aβ. Threshold reduction as well as an increase in current at synaptic terminals may facilitate vesicle release and could trigger excitotoxic events in the brains of patients with AD.
Codes for erasures over directed graphs (2017)

In this work we continue the study of a new class of codes, called codes over graphs. Here we consider storage systems where the information is stored on the edges of a complete directed graph with n nodes. The failure model we consider is of node failures which are erasures of all edges, both incoming and outgoing, connected to the failed node. It is said that a code over graphs is a ρ-node-erasure-correcting code if it can correct the failure of any ρ nodes in the graphs of the code. While the construction of such optimal codes is an easy task if the field size is O(n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ), our main goal in the paper is the construction of codes over smaller fields. In particular, our main result is the construction of optimal binary codes over graphs which correct two node failures with a prime number of nodes.
The human homologue of the yeast mitochondrial AAA metalloprotease Yme1p complements a yeast yme1 disruptant (2000)

In yeast, three AAA superfamily metalloproteases (Yme1p, Afg3p and Rca1p) are localized to the mitochondrial inner membrane where they perform roles in the assembly and turnover of the respiratory chain complexes. We have investigated the function of the proposed human orthologue of yeast Yme1p, encoded by the YME1L gene on chromosome 10p. Transfection of both HEK-293EBNA and yeast cells with a green fluorescent protein-tagged YME1L cDNA confirmed mitochondrial targeting. When expressed in a yme1 disruptant yeast strain, YME1L restored growth on glycerol at 37 degrees C. We propose that YME1L plays a phylogenetically conserved role in mitochondrial protein metabolism and could be involved in mitochondrial pathologies.
Childhood vaccination : Attitudes, beliefs and experiences of parents (1999)

Current immunisation rates among preschool children in Australia are below levels required to prevent epidemics of diseases such as pertussis and measles. Uptake rates for preschool children are lowest for 12-month MMR and 18-month DTP/Hib boosters. Attitudes and beliefs about vaccinations and diseases, together with the socio-demographic characteristics of families, have direct impact on the decisions parents make about vaccinations and rates of completion of immunisation schedules. Health practitioners' attitudes to parents' questions have been identified as a barrier to making the decision to immunise or to continue with further vaccinations. The major contributor to low vaccination rates is incomplete immunisation, rather than opposition to immunisation. General practitioners and other immunisation providers have a major role to play both in parents' decisions to immunise and in the completion of immunisation. (author abstract)
Mitochondrial Translation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae COX2 mRNA Is Controlled by the Nucleotide Sequence Specifying the Pre-Cox2p Leader Peptide (2001)

The mitochondrial gene encoding yeast cytochrome oxidase subunit II (Cox2p) specifies a precursor protein with a 15-amino-acid leader peptide. Deletion of the entire leader peptide coding region is known to block Cox2p accumulation posttranscriptionally. Here, we examined in vivo the role of the pre-Cox2p leader peptide and the mRNA sequence that encodes it in the expression of a mitochondrial reporter gene, ARG8m, fused to the 91st codon of COX2. We found within the coding sequence antagonistic elements that control translation: the positive element includes sequences in the first 14 codons specifying the leader peptide, while the negative element appears to be within codons 15 to 91. Partial deletions, point mutations, and local frameshifts within the leader peptide coding region were placed in both the cox2::ARG8m reporter and in COX2 itself. Surprisingly, the mRNA sequence of the first six codons specifying the leader peptide plays an important role in positively controlling translation, while the amino acid sequence of the leader peptide itself is relatively unconstrained. Two mutations that partially block translation can be suppressed by nearby sequence substitutions that weaken a predicted stem structure and by overproduction of either the COX2 mRNA-specific translational activator Pet111p or the large-subunit mitochondrial ribosomal protein MrpL36p. We propose that regulatory elements embedded in the translated COX2 mRNA sequence could play a role, together with trans-acting factors, in coupling regulated synthesis of nascent pre-Cox2p to its insertion in the mitochondrial inner membrane.
Neurosurgeon Appointed to NINDS Council (2004)

Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy G. Thompson recently announced new appointments to the National Advisory Neurological Disorders and Stroke Council, the major advisory panel of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). The NINDS, a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) within the Department of Health and Human Services, is the nation's primary supporter of basic and translational research on the brain and nervous system. NINDS Director Story Landis, Ph.D., welcomed the new members, who will serve until 2007, at the Council's September meeting. The National Advisory Neurological Disorders and Stroke Council meets three times each year to prioritize applications from scientists seeking financial support for biomedical research and research training on disorders of the brain and nervous system. Members also advise the Institute on research program planning and priorities. The 18-member council is composed of physicians, scientists, and representatives of the public. The sole member from the field of Neurological Surgery on the NINDs council is John D. Loeser, M.D., professor of Neurological Surgery and Anesthesiology at the University of Washington School of Medicine. Dr. Loeser received his undergraduate degree (magna cum laude) from Harvard University and his medical degree from the New York University Medical School. A faculty member at the University of Washington since 1969, he directed its Multidisciplinary Pain Center from 1983-1997 and served 5 years as Assistant Dean for Curriculum. He is author of more than 100 original papers, contributor to nearly 100 book chapters, and author and/or editor of 5 books on pain and the human nervous system. Dr. Loeser is a past president of the American Pain Society and the International Association for the Study of Pain. He was a Fulbright Senior Scholar in Australia (1989-1990) and received the University of Washington Medical School Award for Teaching Excellence and Distinguished Service Award from the American Pain Society. His presence on the NIH Advisory Committee can only be viewed as a very positive sign for the relatively small field of Neurological Surgery. Dr. Loeser maintains a very active clinical practice and has been very active and vocal in supporting clinical and translational research that impacts neurosurgical patients and will augment investigative work at Universities that support Neurosurgical Training Programs. He is exceptionally interested in fostering a broad spectrum of Neurosurgical investigative work, in addition to the pathophysiology and treatment of pain. RICHARD G. ELLENBOGEN, M.D. PRINCIPAL
Analog coherent optical space communication system using polarization ellipticity angle modulation (1996)

Abstract It is expected that analog coherent optical communication systems will become an important system for future space communications, in which an optical carrier is coherently modulated by frequency‐multiplexed radio signals and optically transmitted. In this paper, the fundamental of the analog coherent optical space communication system are investigated, and a new analog optical communication scheme suitable for the space communication is proposed and analyzed. In the proposed analog scheme, the polarization ellipticity angle is selected as the modulation parameter, and the insensitiveness to the phase noise of the high‐power laser and to the polarization axis mismatch are obtained as well as the high detection gain due to the use of a wideband FM signal during the demodulation of the polarization ellipticity angle.
Robot wrist actuators (1989)

From the Publisher:
The first book devoted to robot wrists, this text/reference describes the various morphologies of wrist actuators through the lavish use of photographs, and diagrammatic and isometric drawings. Displays the most significant robot wrists of the past, now is use, and under development. Provides background material covering history of robot wrists, and use of the human wrist as a model for robot wrist actuators. All types of wrist actuators are surveyed, and new wrist designs are disclosed in full detail. Treatment is practical--there are helpful design guidelines, with specific design techniques and methods. Also includes a detailed, annotated bibliography of patents, articles, and books.
Two Stages Refinement of Query Translation for Pivot Language Approach to Cross Lingual Information Retrieval: A Trial at CLEF 2003 (2003)

This paper reports experimental results of cross-lingual information retrieval from German to Italian. The authors are concerned with CLIR in the case that available language resources are very limited. Thus transitive translation of queries using English as a pivot language was used to search Italian document collections for German queries without any direct bilingual dictionary or MT system of these two languages. In order to remove irrelevant translations produced by the transitive translation, we propose a disambiguation technique, in which two stages of refinement of query translation are executed. Basically, this refinement is based on the idea of pseudo relevance feedback. In the first stage, for each source query term, we select a translation candidate that appears most frequently in the set of top-ranked documents searched for a set of terms provided via transitive translation of the source query. Next, in the second stage, a standard query expansion based on pseudo relevance feedback is conducted. Our experiment result showed that the two stages refinement method is able to improve significantly search performance of bilingual IR using a pivot language. However, it also turned out that performance of this method is inferior to that of machine translation method.
Analytical analysis of tip travel in a Bourdon tube (1995)

Bourdon tubes are the most commonly used elastic elements in mechanical pressure gauges. Basic theory describing the principles of Bourdon behavior is readily available but very few analytical studies have been published that model Bourdon element behavior. The purpose of this research is to develop an analytical model to determine tip displacement in tubular elastic elements using basic principles of solid mechanics. To determine the validity of the results obtained from the analytical model, a study of results from finite element solutions and experimental data is also presented.
Synergistic Impact of Xanthorrhizol and d-δ-Tocotrienol on the Proliferation of Murine B16 Melanoma Cells and Human DU145 Prostate Carcinoma Cells (2020)

Isoprenoids suppress the mevalonate pathway that provides prenyl groups for the posttranslational modification of growth-regulating proteins. We hypothesize that xanthorrhizol and <i>d</i>-δ-tocotrienol synergistically suppress the growth of murine B16 melanoma and human DU145 prostate carcinoma cells. Xanthorrhizol (0-200 µmol/L; half maximal inhibitory concentration [IC<sub>50</sub>] = 65 µmol/L) and <i>d</i>-δ-tocotrienol (0-40 µmol/L; IC<sub>50</sub> = 20 µmol/L) each induced a concentration-dependent suppression of the proliferation of B16 cells and concurrent cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. A blend of 16.25 µmol/L xanthorrhizol and 10 µmol/L <i>d</i>-δ-tocotrienol suppressed B16 cell proliferation by 69%, an impact greater than the sum of those induced by xanthorrhizol (15%) and <i>d</i>-δ-tocotrienol (12%) individually. The blend cumulatively reduced the levels of cyclin-dependent kinase four and cyclin D1, key regulators of cell cycle progression at the G1 phase. The expression of RAS and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) in the proliferation-stimulating RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway was downregulated by the blend. Xanthorrhizol also induced a concentration-dependent suppression of the proliferation of DU145 cells with concomitant morphological changes. Isobologram confirmed the synergistic effect of xanthorrhizol and <i>d</i>-δ-tocotrienol on DU145 cell proliferation with combination index values ranging 0.61-0.94. Novel combinations of isoprenoids with synergistic actions may offer effective approaches in cancer prevention and therapy.
Electronic structure of ferromagnetic semiconductor CrGeTe3 by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (2018)

As one of the rare ferromagnetic semiconductors, ${\mathrm{CrGeTe}}_{3}$ has recently attracted a great deal of attention as a potential candidate for next-generation high-performance nano-spintronic devices. In this study, by combining density functional theory calculations and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements, we explore the electronic structure of ${\mathrm{CrGeTe}}_{3}$ directly. The low-lying valence bands are centered around the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}$ point and mainly consist of Te $5p$ orbitals. The majority of the bands show almost no ${k}_{z}$ dispersion, consistent with its layered crystalline structure. Due to the higher hopping integral along the out-of-plane direction, however, bands comprised of ${p}_{z}$ orbitals exhibit significant ${k}_{z}$ dispersion. Furthermore, an indirect band gap of 0.38 eV is directly measured by surface electron doping with potassium deposition.
Dihydrofolate Reductase Deficiency Causing Megaloblastic Anemia in Two Families (1976)

To determine the cause of severe megaloblastosis detected at birth and at four weeks in two unrelated infants their bone marrow and liver cells were studied. Both patients had abnormal deoxyuridine suppression tests, corrected to normal by 5-formyl tetrahydrofolic acid. Liver-cell homogenate from one patient had a previously undetectable level of dihydrofolate reductase restored to normal by high cation concentration in the assay. Activity of the liver-cell homogenate from the other patient, which was one quarter of the normal level, was restored to only half normal activity by high cation concentration. Dihydrofolic acid reductase deficiency prevents this conversion of folic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid; the enzyme activity appears to differ in each patient. A satisfactory clinical response in both patients followed parenteral therapy with 5-formyl tetrahydrofolic acid. One sibling in each family died of a similar illness. Autosomal recessive inheritance is probable.
Using a discrete dipole approximation to predict complete scattering of complicated metamaterials (2012)

We develop a numerical technique for simulating metamaterial electromagnetic response based on an adaptation of the discrete dipole approximation (DDA). Our approach reduces each constituent metamaterial element within the composite to a point dipole with electric and magnetic polarizabilities, rather than assuming a homogenized effective material. We first validate the approach by computing the scattering cross-section for a collection of densely spaced isotropic dipole moments arranged within a cylindrical area, and compare with the known result from Mie theory. The discrete dipole approach has considerable advantages for the design of gradient and transformation optical media based on metamaterials, since the absence of local periodicity in other common design approaches leaves them with questionable validity. Several variants of iconic cloaking structures are investigated to illustrate the method, in which we study the impact that different configurations of dipolar elements can have on cloak performance. The modeling of a complex medium as polarizable dipoles provides a much closer connection to actual metamaterial implementations, and can address key nonlocal phenomena, such as magnetoelectric coupling, not accessible to most current numerical metamaterial approaches.