gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GNSS Augmentation using the VHF Data Exchange System (VDES) (2018)

There is an observed trend for the extent of sea ice in the Arctic to recede over recent years. Research by the Arctic Council and the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme suggests that the Arctic Ocean could be largely free of sea ice in summer by earlier than mid-century, possibly as early as the late 2030s. Given these predictions, GNSS could be increasingly required to support maritime navigation for a growing number of ships over diverse Arctic regions. The safety of maritime navigation relies on the accuracy, integrity, availability and continuity of the navigation solution. At present, ground-based navigation augmentation systems are used to provide integrity and enhance the accuracy of GNSSbased positioning in major coastal and port areas of shipping around the world. Additionally, the provision of wide area maritime navigation augmentation services via Satellite-Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) is gradually being developed. However, the geosynchronous satellites deployed by most existing SBAS are not visible at the high latitudes of the Arctic. The satellite component of the VHF Data Exchange System (VDES), currently being defined by the International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) and endorsed by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) offers the potential to provide a data link capability for an Arctic GNSS augmentation system based on a number of possible satellite configuration options. This paper provides an overview of current and future GNSS and their augmentation systems and discusses their applicability to Arctic maritime navigation. Key technical characteristics of VDES are then described and two alternative navigation augmentation system architectures using VDES are proposed, each optimised for a different type of service: (i) an SBAS-type service providing near real-time integrity and correction data to maritime users in the Arctic; (ii) a store-and-forward type of service to deliver Integrity Support Messages (ISM) to users equipped with ARAIM (Advanced Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring) enabled GNSS receivers. The system could also allow other data or messages to be conveyed, such as Maritime Safety Information, Virtual Aids to Navigation or ice charts. The availability of navigation augmentation services for Arctic waters could have significant economic impact for shipping and global trade, especially as the North Eastern Passage (including the Northern Sea Route over Russia) may become navigable all year round within a few decades. The proposed ARAIM ISM service also has the potential to benefit users in other parts of the world as the ISM data has global applicability.
Proposed test for detection of nonlinear responses in biological preparations exposed to RF energy (2002)

Demodulation of amplitude modulated radio frequency (RF) energy has been proposed as a mechanism for the biological responses to these fields. The experiment proposed here tests whether the electric and magnetic structures of biological cells exhibit the nonlinear responses necessary for demodulation. A high Q cavity and very low noise amplification can be used to detect ultraweak nonlinear responses that appear as a second harmonic of a RF field incident on the sample. Nonlinear fields scattered from metabolically active biological cells grown in monolayer or suspended in medium can be distinguished from nonlinearities of the apparatus. Estimates for the theoretical signal sensitivity and analysis of system noise indicate the possibility of detecting a microwave signal at 1.8 GHz (2nd harmonic of 900 MHz) as weak as one microwave photon per cell per second. The practical limit, set by degradation of the cavity Q, is extremely low compared to the much brighter thermal background, which has its peak in the infrared at a wavelength of about 17 microm and radiates 10(10) infrared photons per second per cell in the narrow frequency band within 0.5% of the peak. The system can be calibrated by introduction of known quantities of nonlinear material, e.g., a Schottky diode. For an input power of 160 microW at 900 MHz incident on such biological material, the apparatus is estimated to produce a robust output signal of 0.10 mV at 1.8 GHz if detected with a spectrum analyzer and a 30-dB gain low noise amplifier. The experimental threshold for detection of nonlinear interaction phenomena is 10(10) below the signal produced by a Schottky diode, giving an unprecedented sensitivity to the measurement of nonlinear energy conversion processes in living tissue.
Theory of multicontact miscible displacement with nitrogen (1995)

Analytical solutions for displacement of mixtures of methane, butane and decane by nitrogen or nitrogen/methane mixtures are used to explain conflicting experimental observations concerning the sensitivity of minimum miscibility pressures to changes in the compositions of an initial oil or the injection gas. The solutions presented show why some investigators have reported weak dependence of the minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) on methane concentrations while others have reported significant sensitivity. The analysis of displacement composition routes indicates that either observation can be correct for some ranges of initial and injection fluid compositions, and shows that the sensitivity behavior depends on the relative positions in composition space of three key tie lines, the initial, injection, and crossover tie lines.
EVALUATION OF THE CHARACTER IMPACT ODORANTS IN SKIM MILK POWDER BY SENSORY STUDIES ON MODEL MIXTURES (2004)

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to verify key aroma‐active compounds responsible for reconstituted fresh skim milk powder (SMP) aroma using threshold analysis, odor activity values, and model systems. Twelve odor‐active compounds of SMP and one odor‐active compound from fluid milk were selected based on flavor dilution factors from gas chromatography‐olfactometry. Thresholds for the 13 odor‐active compounds were identified using five‐set ascending forced choice threshold analysis in odor‐free water and fluid skim milk. Model systems were prepared using rehydrated milk retentate (RMR). The aroma of each model was evaluated by descriptive sensory analysis and by difference‐from‐control testing using a trained panel. The aroma of reconstituted fresh SMP and liquid skim milk were used as controls. Models containing a mixture of twelve of the thirteen chemicals had the most similar odor characteristics to rehydrated SMP aroma (9.0/10) indicating that these compounds constitute the character impact odorants of rehydrated fresh SMP.
Introduction to spectral clustering (2008)

Spectral clustering methods are based on graph and matrix theories. Their principle is simple: given some data inputs, build similarity matrix, analyse the spectrum of its Laplacian matrix, and often get a perfect clustering from the eigenvectors analysis. This paper presents an introduction to spectral clustering methods and some applications in signal and image segmentation.
A Radiological Review of Ewing's Sarcoma of Mandible: A Case Report with One Year Follow-up (2013)

Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is an uncommon round cell tumor with an aggressive course affecting mainly children and young adults. Only 1% of cases is reported with jaw involvement and have mandibular predilection. Radiographic finding in ES reflect many destructive nature of the lesion, like osteolysis, cortical erosion, periostitis and soft tissue mass. A case of ES of the mandible is reported with special consideration to the radiological appearance. How to cite this article: Krishna KBB, Thomas V, Kattoor J, Kusumakumari P. A Radiological Review of Ewing's Sarcoma of Mandible: A Case Report with One Year Follow-up. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(2):109-114.
The placental form of glutathione S-transferase as a new marker protein for preneoplasia in rat chemical hepatocarcinogenesis. (1984)

A neutral form of glutathione S-transferase (GST-P), which has a subunit of 26,000 (or 21,500) daltons and charge isomers with isoelectric points of 6.7 (major), 6.3 and 6.0, was purified from rat placenta cytosol. Immunohistochemical staining using anti-GST-P rabbit antibody demonstrated that GST-P, which is hardly detectable in normal liver, is markedly increased and localized in preneoplastic hepatic lesions such as hyperplastic nodules, indicating that GST-P could be a useful marker proteins for preneoplasia in chemical hepatocarcinogenesis.
Brief announcement (2005)

Secret handshakes offer anonymous and unobservable authentication and serve as an important tool in the arsenal of privacy-preserving techniques. Prior research focused on 2-party secret handshakes with one-time credentials. This paper breaks new ground on two accounts: (1) we obtain secure and efficient secret handshakes with reusable credentials, and (2) we provide the first treatment of multi-party secret handshakes.
Fiber Recruiting Peptides:  Noncovalent Decoration of an Engineered Protein Scaffold (2004)

Fiber Recruiting (FiRe) peptides are described. These are derivatives of self-assembling fiber (SAF) forming peptides that are conjugated with small molecules (in our case, biotin or a FLAG-tag octapeptide). The FiRe peptides are co-assembled into fibers and used as bait to recruit folded and functional proteins to the fiber surfaces. This was demonstrated using two molecular recognition models: namely, a protein-ligand interaction (biotin-streptavidin) and an antigen-antibody (FLAG octapeptide-anti-FLAG-antibody) interaction. This concept offers an approach to mimicking in natural fibrillar systems, such as collagen or fibrin, that communicate specifically with their environments via incorporated or decorated active peptide and protein components.
Partial Adherence to Antipsychotic Medication Impacts the Course of Illness in Patients With Schizophrenia (2009)

Clinicians in primary care and psychiatric settings need to be vigilant for signs of adherence problems among their patients and to act when necessary to prevent or alleviate the consequences of inadequate medication cover. Relapse prevention strategies, particularly for patients with early psychosis, should include ensuring that medication lapses are minimized or eliminated.
Transient mode beating in disk microresonator at picosecond pulse excitation (2011)

Transient pulse travelling inside circular microcavity has been studied theoretically using developed rigorous and efficient mathematical method. This method allows us to obtain analytical solution of the wave equation in the Laplace domain. Inverse transformation is obtained through evaluation of residues at singular points that represent excited modes of a resonator. External beam excitation is modelled by the point source with complex coordinates. Transient mode beating has been investigated and visualized.
Significant Association of Aldosterone and Liver Fat Among HIV-Infected Individuals With Metabolic Dysregulation (2018)

These data highlight a robust association between aldosterone and liver fat among individuals with HIV and metabolic dysregulation. Increased aldosterone may be a risk factor for liver fat accumulation among the population with HIV.
Characterization of hepatitis B virus genotypes among Yucpa Indians in Venezuela (2001)

The complete genome sequences of hepatitis B virus (HBV) from 12 HBV-infected Yucpa Indians of Venezuela, a group with highly endemic HBV, were amplified and sequenced. The 12 isolates were closely related to each other, with 98.6-100% nucleotide identity. A phylogenetic tree based on the complete genome indicated clearly that they were genotype F. Three individuals had evidence of infection with two different HBV deletion mutants. In two individuals, a three amino acid deletion was identified just prior to the 'a' determinant loop of the S region. A third individual was infected with virus that contained a complete core reading frame and a population that contained a deletion in the middle of the core region. These results indicate that genotype F HBV is present in the Venezuelan Yucpa Amerindians and the complete genome sequence allowed the identification of two unique deletion mutants in a limited set of samples.
A genome-wide screen identifies a single β-defensin gene cluster in the chicken: implications for the origin and evolution of mammalian defensins (2004)

We conclude that the chicken genome encodes only beta-defensin sequences and that all mammalian defensins are evolved from a common beta-defensin-like ancestor. The alpha-defensins arose from beta-defensins by gene duplication, which may have occurred after the divergence of mammals from other vertebrates, and theta-defensins have arisen from alpha-defensins specific to the primate lineage. Further analysis of these defensins in different vertebrate lineages will shed light on the mechanisms of host defense and evolution of innate immunity.
Notizen: Übergangsmetall-Carbin-Komplexe, XXIV1 Trans-Bromotetracarbonyl(2-thienyl) carbinchrom und -wolfram / Transition Metal Carbyne Complexes, XXIV1 Trans-Bromotetracarbonyl (2-thienyl)carbyne Chromium and Tungsten (1977)

Pentacarbonyl[acetoxy(2-thienyl)carbene]-chromium(0) and -tungsten(0) react with BBr 3 to give trans-bromotetracarbonyl(2-thienyl)carbyne-chromium and -tungsten. Beim Versuch an Pentacarbonyl(hydroxyphenyloarben)chrom(0) 2 mit BBr 3 die Hydroxygruppe
Synthesis, characterization, stability, aqueous surface activity, and aqueous solution aggregation of the novel, cationic siloxane surfactants (Me3SiO)2Si(Me)-(CH2)3+NMe2(CH2)2OR X- (R = hydrogen, acetyl, N-phenylcarbamyl; X = chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, methyl sulfate) (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, characterization, stability, aqueous surface activity, and aqueous solution aggregation of the novel, cationic siloxane surfactants (Me3SiO)2Si(Me)-(CH2)3+NMe2(CH2)2OR X- (R = hydrogen, acetyl, N-phenylcarbamyl; X = chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, methyl sulfate)Steven A. SnowCite this: Langmuir 1993, 9, 2, 424–430Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00026a011https://doi.org/10.1021/la00026a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views318Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Waveguide design for minimum nonlinear effective area and switching energy in AlGaAs at half the band gap (1995)

The authors report a waveguide design which has been optimised to allow efficient, all-optical switching, in AIGaAs at half the bandgap. The effective area has been reduced to 6 μm2, allowing us to observe a nonlinear phase shift of &gt; 5π. Nonlinear directional couplers, fabricated in the same material, exhibit a critical power of 42W of energy of 31 pJ. © 1995, IEE. All rights reserved.
Spatial Scale and Field Management Affect Patterns of Phosphorus Loss in Cranberry Floodwaters (2015)

Although cranberries ( Ait.) are indigenous to the northeastern United States, phosphorus (P) fertilizer additions and periodic flooding make commercial cranberry a potential source of P to the region's lakes and streams. In this study, we report values of P export in cranberry floodwaters that range from <0.8 to 4.7 kg P ha, generally reflecting differences in the hydrological, edaphic, and management factors underlying soil P transfer to floodwater. The relatively high P loading rate (4.7 P kg P ha) was associated with harvest flooding of organic-rich soils. Periods of winter flooding and the discharge of harvest floodwater from mineral soils resulted in relatively low P loss (<0.8 kg P ha). Increases in concentrations of total dissolved P (DP) and total particulate P (PP) in floodwater as stage decreased below the surface of the cranberry bed were consistent with the transport of dissolved P in soil porewater and mobilization of particulate P in ditches. Variations in floodwater DP, as well as conservative and reactive tracer concentrations, suggested that the processes by which soil P is released to porewater included desorption of near-surface soil P and anaerobic dissolution of iron-P compounds deeper in the soil profile. At the farm scale, concentrations of DP and PP steadily increased over time, presumably because drainage waters from beds farther upgradient had longer contact times with P-rich sources, such as soil porewater and ditch sediments. Overall, the study illustrates the role that scale-dependent processes impart on patterns of P loss in agricultural production systems.
Modified highly accelerated life test for aerospace electronics (2003)

Highly accelerated life test (HALT) uses stimulation to find out the weakness of the product and thus improve the quality. The current HALT test has its limitations. Aerospace electronics face much higher vibration environments than consumer electronics and telecom industries. In many cases, the traditional HALT testing level may not be high enough to stimulate a failure. That defeats the purpose of HALT. Aerospace electronics also require a more regulated testing with predictable results. Current HALT procedure has many random factors which may change the outcome of the testing. The product that passed HALT may not be able to pass the same level qualification test. The proposed modified HALT test uses the same traditional chamber used by most aerospace electronics manufacturers and performs at a level of 80% or more of the traditional HALT test. The results are more regulated and predictable. The failure mechanism will be more obvious to detect. The results can also be used to calculate the reliability of the product using the most published methods.
Lower Extremity Bypass Graft Revision in Diabetics (2001)

Revision of lower extremity bypass graft stenoses identified by surveillance duplex scanning is frequently required in diabetic patients. The authors evaluated (1) the value of routine angiography before graft revision in diabetics, (2) factors that predict patients in whom angiography alters management, and (3) the incidence of recurrent stenosis and factors that might predict it. Forty-two infrainguinal primary vein bypasses undergoing primary revision were retrospectively studied. The initial graft stenosis was detected at a mean of 11.5 +/-3.6 months after the original bypass. Angiograms were obtained in 38 cases, revealing additional findings in 29 of 38 cases (76%), with a resultant alteration of the operative plan in 27 cases (71%). The most frequent additional angiographic finding was the identification or localization of a lesion in the inflow or outflow tracts (18 of 27 cases). Cases where the angiogram altered the management plan had a mean systolic velocity ratio across the stenosis (Vr) of 7.3 +/-6.1, versus a Vr of 4.8 +/-1.3 for cases where the angiogram did not alter the management plan (p<0.04). Duplex scanning identified 4 lesions that were not seen on angiography; 3 of 4 were confirmed as webs at surgery. Twenty of 42 grafts (48%) developed recurrent stenoses at a mean of 4.9 +/-3.8 months from initial revision. Restenosis occurred in 69% of female limbs as compared to 38% of male limbs (p=0.06). Recurrent stenosis was not a predictor of ultimate graft failure, unless left untreated. Four of 10 untreated grafts ultimately failed. A total of 9 of the 42 grafts eventually failed (21%), leading to 3 amputations (7%). The authors conclude that failing infrainguinal bypass grafts identified by duplex in diabetics should undergo a detailed angiographic evaluation. This frequently leads to an alteration in the management plan, especially in the presence of a high Vr across stenoses. High rates of limb salvage (93%) and assisted primary graft patency (79%) despite a high recurrent stenoses rate (48%) justify routine duplex surveillance, preoperative angiography, and aggressive graft revision in diabetic patients with infrainguinal grafts.
Neuroprotection by corticotropin releasing factor during hypoxia in rat brain. (1993)

Corticotropin releasing factor provides moderate protection to hypoxic hippocampal neurons in the brain slice preparation. The mechanism of action is unknown but appears to be a direct neuronal effect. These results support the hypothesis that corticotropin releasing factor may act as an endogenous neuroprotective hormone during hypoxia.
Successful recording of direct cortical motor-evoked potential from a pediatric patient under remimazolam anesthesia: a case report (2022)

We present a pediatric case whose dc-MEP was recorded under remimazolam anesthesia. The cardiovascular stability and avoidance of propofol infusion syndrome with remimazolam were superior to propofol.
Forward scattering and filamentation of a spatially smoothed laser pulse in the hydrodynamic and kinetic frameworks (2021)

We address the scattering of a high energy laser pulse on a large wavelength acoustic turbulence of relevance for Laser M'egajoule or National Ignition Facility-class experiments. Both kinetic and hydrodynamic frameworks are adopted and combined with a linearized description of the laser propagation. The resulting dispersion relations display important kinetic contributions to the growth of the forward Brillouin instability. Moreover, proof is made that the spatial incoherence often used in high energy laser facilities is, for cold enough plasmas or in the multi-ion species case, not enough to reach full control of the laser filamentation. Comparisons with experimental results and dedicated hydrodynamic simulations confirm our results. The derived dispersion relations present new tools for assessing the propagation quality and energy deposition region of high energy laser pulses. They also underline the importance of accounting for kinetic effects, even in the millimeter and nanosecond scale of many inertial confinement fusion or high-energy-density experiments.
Natural killer cells fertile with receptors for HLA-G? (1999)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.