gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of ribonucleotide reductase in transfected human KB cells increases their resistance to hydroxyurea: M2 but not M1 is sufficient to increase resistance to hydroxyurea in transfected cells. (1995)

Ribonucleotide reductase (RR) is a rate-limiting enzyme in DNA synthesis. The enzyme consists of two subunits, M1 and M2. Hydroxyurea (HU) is an M2-specific inhibitor. It has been shown that a HU-resistant clone derived from stepwise exposure to HU overexpresses the M2 mRNA and the RR protein (Y. Yen et al., Cancer Res., 54: 3868-3691, 1994). In this study, we established stable clones by transfecting human KB cells with the cDNA of human wild-type RR in which each subunit was overexpressed by a SV40 promoter. The mammalian cell expression vector ph beta APr-1 was used for constructing M1, M2, and M1/M2 subunit cDNA. The transfected cells were selected with G418. The clones designated M2-D, M1-D, X-D, and KB-V represent transfectant clones which contain M2 cDNA, M1 cDNA, M1/M2 cDNA, and vector alone, respectively. The parental KB cells and clones containing vector plasmid KB-V express equally low amounts of M2 and M1 mRNA from the endogenous genes. The expression of M2 mRNA and M1 mRNA is elevated 2-3 fold in the X-D transfectants. M2-D clone demonstrated a 6-fold higher M2 mRNA level although the M1 mRNA expression remains the same as parental cells. M1-D transfectants have a 3-fold increase in M1 mRNA expression relative to parental cells, but reveal no alteration of M2 mRNA. Southern analysis of genomic DNA suggested the incorporation of the plasmid into the genome. The X-D clone revealed both integration of the M2 and M1 gene while the M2-D clone only showed M2 gene integration. The M1-D clone revealed M1 gene integration relative to the parental cells. The Western blot of M2 protein showed a 3-fold increase in the X-D and M2-D clones whereas the M2 protein level in M1-D was the same as it was in parental cells. The M1 protein was increased 3-fold in X-D and 1.5-fold in M1-D over that of parental cells. However, lower M1 protein levels were identified in the M2-D clone. The specific activity of the RR enzyme from each transfectant showed a 3-fold increase in both the X-D and M2-D clones and slightly increased in M1-D clone over that of parental cells. However, X-D and M2-D both demonstrated a 3-fold increase in resistance to HU as compared to M1-D which showed the same sensitivity as the parental enzyme.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Quantum noise in digital X-ray image detectors with optically coupled scintillators (1996)

Digital X-ray imaging detectors designed for soft X-rays (1 to 50 keV) are significant for medical mammography, dental radiography, microradiography, and microtomography. Detector designs involve either direct absorption of X-rays in solid state devices or thin scintillator screens optically coupled to solid state sensors. Well designed scintillator systems produce 10 or more electrons per detected X-ray and, used with charge coupled devices (CCD), detect 100,000 X-rays per pixel before saturation. However, if the scintillator is directly coupled to the detector, radiation can penetrate to the semiconductor detector with a small number of events producing large charge and noise. The authors have investigated the degradation of image noise by these direct absorption events using numerical models for a laboratory detector system consisting of a 60 /spl mu/m CsI scintillator optically coupled to a scientific CCD. Monte Carlo methods were used to estimate the charge deposition signal and noise for both the CsI and the semiconductor. Without a fiber optic coupler, direct absorptions dominate the signal and increase the signal variance by a factor of about 30 at energies above 10 keV. With a 3 mm fiber optic coupler, no significant degradation is observed for input energies below 45 keV.
Structural Comparison of Firefly Luciferase with the Latent Luciferase CG6178 (2015)

Firefly luciferase shares high sequence identity to insect fatty acyl‐CoA synthetases (ACSLs). These homologous enzymes operate through a similar two‐step mechanism. In the first step, the substrate is adenylated to form an AMP ester. Both firefly luciferase and ACSLs can accept fatty acid substrates. In the second step, CoA displaces AMP to form a fatty acyl‐CoA. Uniquely, firefly luciferase can adenylate D‐luciferin, and in the second step the adenylated D‐luciferin substrate is oxidized to an excited‐state oxyluciferin which emits a photon of light. ACSLs are unable to catalyze light emission from D‐luciferin. Recently, work in our lab demonstrated that an ACSL from the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (CG6178) can function as a luciferase when supplied with the synthetic luciferin CycLuc2. We sought to understand the structural basis for CG6178′s discrimination between luciferin substrates. Using x‐ray crystallography, we have solved a structure of CG6178. This structure shows conservation of the overall fold relative to luciferase, but the active site environment differs between the two enzymes. The structural differences between the two enzymes provide clues about how CG6178 adenylates CycLuc2 but not D‐luciferin. Engineering of the CG6178 enzyme based on these structural studies provides a novel avenue for future dissection of the fundamental requirements for bioluminescence and understanding how luciferases evolved from ACSLs.
Skin pressure profiles and variations with body postural changes beneath medical elastic compression stockings (2007)

Body postures may be one of the most important factors influencing the skin pressure profiles applied by compression stockings. The anatomic structure of individual legs, the special design of compression stockings, and the physical properties of stocking materials also influence skin pressure variations at different tested locations in different body positions. Appropriate leg postural changes and exercise may improve the therapeutic effectiveness of GCSs.
Green communications and computing networks [Series Editorial] (2015)

Environmental issues are increasingly becoming one of central concerns in global societies. The production, application, and disposal of information and communication technology (ICT) platforms and relevant systems may introduce significant environmental problems. These include increasing environmental pollution, the exhaustion of natural resources and energy sources, which motivate us to reduce the negative environmental impact of ICT. On the other hand, ICT may also provide strong tools to solve, mitigate, or reduce environmental problems introduced by a wide range of factors. These topics may be considered as the core contents of “green ICT.” Green ICT may profoundly impact the research, development, manufacturing, usage, and disposal processes of ICT systems and applications. The main motivation of green ICT is to support environmental sustainability.
The Mechanism of Recording in Pro‐ and Eukaryotes (2008)

Abstract Originally published in: Protein Synthesis and Ribosome Structure. Edited by Knud H. Nierhaus and Daniel N. Wilson. Copyright © 2004 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA Weinheim. Print ISBN: 3‐527‐30638‐1 The sections in this article are Introduction Maintaining Decoding Accuracy and the Reading Frame The Use of a Stop Signal for both Elongation and Termination of Protein Synthesis The Mechanism for Sec Incorporation at UGA Sites in Bacterial mRNAs The Gene Products The Mechanism of Sec Incorporation The Competition between Sec Incorporation and Canonical Decoding of UGA by RF2 Mechanism for Sec Incorporation at UGA Sites in Eukaryotic and Archaeal mRNAs The Gene Products The Mechanism of Sec Incorporation at Specific UGA Stop Codons Why does Recoding Occur at Stop Signals? The Stop Signal of Prokaryotic Genomes — Engineered for High Efficiency Decoding? The Stop Signal of Eukaryotic Genomes – Diversity Contributes to Recoding Readthrough of a Stop Signal: Decoding Stop as Sense Bypassing of a Stop Codon: ‘Free‐wheeling’ on the mRNA Frameshifting Around Stop or Sense Codons Forward Frameshifting: the +1 Event Programed −1 Frameshifting: A Common Mechanism used by Many Viruses During Gene Expression Conclusion
Bijapur (2012)

This chapter first focuses on the history, origins, and governance of Bijapur, a historical city in Karnataka. This is followed by a characterization of the city’s demographics (population, density patterns, labour force, and social composition), city economy (economic base, credit disbursed, investment flows, commercial infrastructure, residential and commercial buildings, and urban poverty). It then goes on to examine resources and finances (primarily revenues, tax collections, and capital expenditures), and provides information on basic infrastructure such as roads, street lights, and transport. Education (schools and colleges) and health (hospitals) are considered as social infrastructure. Next the chapter presents a profile of essential services, such as water supply, sewerage, electricity, and solid waste. It also presents several indicators for the quality of life in Bengaluru, taking into account air and water quality, entertainment (parks, recreation centres, and museums), and the traffic density on roads. Finally, the chapter captures public security and safety (measured in terms of crimes such as murders, dacoity, and theft).
Delay-Cognizant Interactive Streaming of Multiview Video With Free Viewpoint Synthesis (2012)

In interactive multiview video streaming (IMVS), a client receives and observes one of many available viewpoints of the same scene and periodically requests from the server view switches to neighboring views, as the video is played back in time uninterruptedly. One key technical challenge is to design a frame coding structure that facilitates periodic view switching and achieves an optimal tradeoff between storage cost and expected transmission rate. In this paper, we first propose three significant improvements over existing IMVS systems and then study the corresponding frame structure optimization. First, using depth-image-based rendering, the new IMVS system enables free viewpoint switching, i.e., by encoding and transmitting both texture and depth maps of captured views, a client can select and synthesize any virtual view from an almost continuum of viewpoints between the left-most and right-most captured views. Second, the IMVS system adopts a more realistic Markovian view-switching model with memory that more accurately captures user behaviors than previous memoryless models . A view-switching model is used in predicting client's future view-switching patterns. Third, assuming that the round-trip-time (RTT) delay during server-client communication is nonnegligible, during an IMVS session, the IMVS system additionally transmits redundant frames RTT into future playback, so that zero-delay view switching can be achieved. Given these improvements, we formalize a new joint optimization of the frame coding structure, transmission schedule, and quantization parameters of the texture and depth maps of multiple camera views. We propose an iterative algorithm to achieve fast and near-optimal solutions. The convergence of the algorithm is also demonstrated. Experimental results show that the proposed optimized rate-allocation method requires 38% lower transmission rate than the fixed rate-allocation scheme. In addition, with the same storage, the transmission rate of the optimized frame structure can be up to 55% lower than that of an I-frame-only structure and 27% lower than that of the structure without distributed source coding frames.
Antibacterial and antifungal activity of fruit bodies of Phellinus mushroom extract (2011)

The present study was carried out to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of methanol and aqueous extract of fruit bodies from Phellinus on selected five bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans and five fungal strains Penicillium sps., Aspergillus fumigatous, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Mucor indicus. For antimicrobial test, well diffusion technique was used and the zone of inhibition of microorganisms was measured in mm. The fruit body of Phellinus showed potential antimicrobial activities against the selected strains and maximum inhibition zone 42mm was recorded from 200mg of aqueous extract of Phellinus fruit body against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and minimum (5mm) by the above pathogen at 50 mg of methanol extract. The methanolic extract showed the maximum antifungal activity 35mm inhibition zone was recorded from 200mg of extract against Aspergillus flavus and minimum 3mm by
Smaller total brain volume but not subcortical structure volume related to common genetic risk for ADHD (2020)

Common genetic risk for ADHD is not expressed primarily as developmental alterations in subcortical brain volumes, but appears to alter brain development in other ways, as evidenced by TBV differences. This is among the first demonstrations of this effect using molecular genetic data. Potential sex differences in these effects warrant further examination.
A randomized pilot trial of low‐dose combination lipid‐lowering therapy following coronary artery bypass grafting (1994)

Vein graft atherosclerosis is a common and serious complication of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). There is mounting evidence that lipoprotein abnormalities play an equally important role in the development of lesions in saphenous vein grafts after CABG as in native coronary vessel disease. The potential benefit of low-dose lipid lowering combination therapy in these patients has not been investigated. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we compared the efficacy and safety of a low-dose combination of colestipol 10 g and simvastatin 10 mg/day (CS) to colestipol 10 mg and bezafibrate 400 mg/day (CB) for 2 months in 33 patients with serum total cholesterol > 6.5 mmol/l and triglyceride < 4.5 mmol/l who had undergone CABG for severe coronary artery disease. In the CS group, total cholesterol decreased by 29% and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol by 42%; similarly, CB reduced total cholesterol by 17%, LDL cholesterol by 23%, triglyceride by 19%, and increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol by 14%. Lipoprotein (a) and hemostatic factors were unaffected by either therapy in this study. Both combination therapies were well tolerated with no significant clinical or biochemical side effects. We conclude that low-dose combinations of colestipol and simvastatin or colestipol and bezafibrate are effective and well tolerated in the management of moderate hyperlipidemia in patients who had undergone CABG.
Erythrocyte depletion of ABO‐lncompatible bone marrow (1985)

Bone marrow transplantation results in the infusion of 150 to 360 ml of erythrocytes. While this poses no problem to a recipient of marrow from an ABO-compatible donor, it clearly represents a serious risk of intravascular hemolysis for the recipient of an ABO-incompatible marrow. Thus, there is a need for removing incompatible erythrocytes from the marrow preparation. We removed erythrocytes from the marrow preparations by automated centrifugation. The erythrocyte-depleted marrow (EDM) contained a mean of 5 ml erythrocytes, representing an average reduction of 98%. The mean mononuclear cell recovery was 88%, resulting in a mean infusion of 0.6 X 10(8) cells/Kg of recipient's body weight in a final average volume of 155 ml. EDM was infused into 22 ABO-incompatible marrow recipients (21 patients with hematologic malignancies and one patient with aplastic anemia) without clinical evidence of hemolysis. The isohemagglutinin titers of recipients ranged from 4 to 4096 and were not lowered prior to infusion. Engraftment (i.e., recovery of peripheral leukocyte and platelet counts) and incidence of graft versus host disease were similar to those observed in recipients of ABO-compatible marrow transplantation. Erythrocyte engraftment was significantly delayed in only one patient who had a high isohemagglutinin titer. The post-transplantation red cell requirement was increased in EDM recipients: 9 units compared to 6 units in ABO-compatible bone marrow transplanted patients with neither hemolysis nor interference with successful engraftment.
Propellanes. 12. A bridgehead olefin transoid in a six-membered ring. Formation of a stable cyclopropanone (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPropellanes. 12. A bridgehead olefin transoid in a six-membered ring. Formation of a stable cyclopropanonePhilip Warner and Shih-Lai LuCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 21, 6752–6753Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00437a083https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00437a083research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views75Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electrical conductivity of graphite intercalation compounds of strong oxidizers (1986)

Intercalation compounds of strong oxidizers in graphite, even in the case when they have high electrical conductivity, cannot be regarded as promising materials for conductors based on them - the so-called synthetic metals - because when these compounds are heated even up to comparatively low temperatures their structure changes and the electrical conductivity drops by a factor of 5-20.
Antitumor activity of new derivatives of 1,3-diazaheterocycles. (1998)

2-Naphthylidene derivatives of 1,3-diazaheterocycles were prepared in order to investigate the relationship between their structure and anticancer activity. Preliminary screening in the standard in vitro assay using 60-tumor cell lines showed that some of these derivatives exhibited a moderate growth inhibition activity on various tumor subpanel cell lines between 10(-6)-10(-4) molar concentration. The results obtained show that the structural features are important in inhibiting tumor cell lines.
The effect of magnesium vacancies on the π intraband scattering in MgxB2 as determined by point contact Andreev reflection (2007)

In order to introduce structural defects into the π band with minimal distortions in the σ band, bulk samples of varying magnesium content were prepared. Point contact Andreev reflection measurements reveal that the density of states of the π band and the behavior of the energy gaps in field imply a relative increase of π band to σ band scattering with increasing magnesium deficiency. The results are consistent with the observed increase of the low temperature Hc2 value in magnesium deficient MgB2.
Effects of Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-I) Therapy on Body Composition and Insulin Resistance in IGF-I Gene Deletion (2000)

We have recently reported a patient with a homozygous partial deletion of the insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) gene, resulting in IGF-I deficiency, insulin resistance, and short stature. Recombinant human IGF-I (rhIGF-I) therapy has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity (Si) and growth in other causes of IGF-I deficiency. We now report results of 1 yr of rhIGF-I therapy on body composition, bone mineral density (BMD), insulin sensitivity, and linear growth in this patient. rhIGF-I therapy was initiated at age 16.07 yr (bone age, 14.2 yr), at a starting dose of 40 μg/kg daily, increasing after 3 months to 80μ g/kg daily. Body composition, BMD, markers of bone mineralization, and auxological parameters (height, weight) were measured at 0, 6, and 12 months after start of therapy. Si, acute insulin response to glucose, and glucose effectiveness were determined at baseline, 3 months, and 12 months into therapy. On IGF-I therapy, body mass index increased from 17 kg/m2 to 18.6 kg/m2. Body composition studies (dual-energy x-ray absorbtiometry) revealed an initial decrease in total body fat, from 19.9% at baseline to 15.1% at 6 months; but by 12 months of therapy, this had reversed, with an increase to 21.8%. Si, calculated using Bergman's minimal model, was substantially reduced at baseline at 1.45 × 10−4 min−1 (μU/mL) [normal value, 5.1 × 10−4 min−1 (lean adult male)]. rhIGF-I therapy resulted in a dose-related improvement of Si into the normal range (NR) (rhIGF-I dose: 40 μg/kg·day, Si = 2.06 × 10−4 min−1; rhIGF-I dose: 80 μg/kg·day, Si = 4.39 × 10−4 min−1). Baseline reduction in Si was accompanied by elevated acute insulin response to glucose, which also fell in a dose-dependent manner. Baseline BMD was severely reduced when compared with age-matched controls (−4.88 sd); however, calculation of bone mineral apparent density indicated that the true reduction in BMD was minimal. rhIGF-I therapy increased BMD by 17% and bone mineral apparent density by 7%, indicating that IGF-I has a greater effect on bone growth than bone mineralization. Bone turnover markers also increased on rhIGF-I; mean serum osteocalcin: 8.3 ng/mL pretreatment, 21.7 ng/mL after 6 months of rhIGF-I (NR for adult male, 3.4–9.1 ng/mL); mean bone specific alkaline phosphatase: 36.5 U/L pretreatment, 82.2 U/L after 6 months of therapy (NR for adult male, 15–41). Height velocity increased from 3.8 cm/yr pretreatment to 7.3 cm/yr on 80 μg/kg·day of rhIGF-I.
Role of red blood cells in hemostasis and whole blood clot contraction in adults after Fontan procedure (2023)

DOI: 10.20452/pamw.16412, Published online: January 12, 2023, Authors: Paweł Skorek<sup>1,2</sup>, Maciej Skubera<sup>1,2</sup>, Joanna Natorska<sup>2,3</sup>, Michał Ząbczyk<sup>2,3</sup>, Monika Smaś-Suska<sup>2</sup>, Lidia Tomkiewicz-Pająk<sup>1,2</sup>
Dissipative Stabilization of Squeezing Beyond 3 dB in a Microwave Mode (2021)

While a propagating state of light can be generated with arbitrary squeezing by pumping a parametric resonator, the intraresonator state is limited to 3 dB of squeezing. Here, we implement a reservoir-engineering method to surpass this limit using superconducting circuits. Two-tone pumping of a three-wave-mixing element implements an effective coupling to a squeezed bath, which stabilizes a squeezed state inside the resonator. Using an ancillary superconducting qubit as a probe allows us to perform a direct Wigner tomography of the intraresonator state. The raw measurement provides a lower bound on the squeezing at about 6.7 0.2 dB below the zero-point level. Further, we show how to correct for resonator evolution during the Wigner tomography and obtain a squeezing as high as 8.2 0.8 dB. Moreover, this level of squeezing is achieved with a purity of 0.91 0.09.