gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Rod-Like Copper Oxide Crystals (2007)

A hyrdrothermal reaction process has been developed to prepare rod-like crystals of copper oxide using copper nitrate trihydrate as a function of synthesis temperature, stirring speed and solution pH value. The properties of the fabricated crystals were studied using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and particle size analysis. The morphology of the synthesized CuO was dependent on both the pH value of the solution and the morphology of the seed materials. Synthesized particles have regular morphologies and a uniform size distribution.
Nonequilibrium Green’s function method: Büttiker probes for carrier generation and recombination (2018)

The non-equilibrium Green function (NEGF) method is capable of nanodevice performance predictions including coherent and incoherent effects. To treat incoherent scattering, carrier generation and recombination is computationally very expensive. In this work, the numerically efficient Buttiker-probe model is expanded to cover recombination and generation effects in addition to various incoherent scattering processes. The capability of the new method to predict nanodevices is exemplified with quantum well III-N light-emitting diodes and anti-ambipolar 2D material hetero junctions.
Temperature fields and heat exchange balances in injection moulding of reactive polymers (2004)

Der Warmeaustausch in Werkzeugen ist ein wichtiger Parameter bei der Optimierung des Spritzgiesprozesses. Die Forschungsarbeiten zu dieser Thematik auf dem Gebiet des Spritzgiesens von thermoplastischen Schmelzen sind wohl bekannt und sehr ausfuhrlich beschrieben. Dies ist nicht der Fall beim Spritzgiesen von reaktionsfahigen polymeren Stoffen. In den Produktionsabteilungen von drei technischen Partnern wurden mit einem Phenol-Formaldehyd-Harz (PF), einem niedrigviskosen Epoxidharz (EP) und einer Gummimischung Untersuchungen durchgefuhrt. Die Ergebnisse haben gezeigt, dass die Carslaw-Jaeger-Beziehung zur Berechnung der Kontakttemperatur TC und damit der Werkzeugwandtemperatur des Werkzeughohlraumes mit Erfolg angewendet werden kann. Gemas der Warmebilanz, die aufgestellt wurde, wird nur 27 % der Gesamtwarme zur Verarbeitung von PF, 15 % von EP und 20 % von Gummi genutzt. Die restliche Warme wird in die Umgebung abgegeben oder den versuchsbedingten Fehlern zugeschrieben. Basierend auf eigener Erfahrung mit dem Warmeaustausch in Werkzeugen fur Spritzgiesen von thermoplastischen Schmelzen, pulverformigen Phenolen und Gummimischungen, wurde wahrend der Untersuchung eine Abweichung beim Spritzgiesen eines niedrigviskosen Epoxidharzes festgestellt (einem Verarbeitungsverfahren, das auch als Druck-Gelierprozess bekannt ist). Hierbei hat sich herausgestellt, dass aufgrund der langen Zykluszeit einige zusatzliche Faktoren den Warmeaustausch und das Temperaturfeld beeinflussen.
Targeting Human Glioblastoma Cells: Comparison of Nine Viruses with Oncolytic Potential (2005)

Brain tumors classified as glioblastomas have proven refractory to treatment and generally result in death within a year of diagnosis. We used seven in vitro tests and one in vivo trial to compare the efficacy of nine different viruses for targeting human glioblastoma. Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing vesicular stomatitis (VSV), Sindbis virus, pseudorabies virus (PRV), adeno-associated virus (AAV), and minute virus of mice i-strain (MVMi) and MVMp all infected glioblastoma cells. Mouse and human cytomegalovirus, and simian virus 40 showed only low levels of infection or GFP expression. VSV and Sindbis virus showed strong cytolytic actions and high rates of replication and spread, leading to an elimination of glioblastoma. PRV and both MVM strains generated more modest lytic effects and replication capacity. VSV showed a similar oncolytic profile on U-87 MG and M059J glioblastoma. In contrast, Sindbis virus showed strong preference for U-87 MG, whereas MVMi and MVMp preferred M059J. Sindbis virus and both MVM strains showed highly tumor-selective actions in glioblastoma plus fibroblast coculture. VSV and Sindbis virus were serially passaged on glioblastoma cells; we isolated a variant, VSV-rp30, that had increased selectivity and lytic capacity in glioblastoma cells. VSV and Sindbis virus were very effective at replicating, spreading within, and selectively killing human glioblastoma in an in vivo mouse model, whereas PRV and AAV remained at the injection site with minimal spread. Together, these data suggest that four (VSV, Sindbis virus, MVMi, and MVMp) of the nine viruses studied merit further analysis for potential therapeutic actions on glioblastoma.
System-level parametric study of pulsed laser beam propagation (2003)

A numerical parametric investigation using a 2-level factorial design of experiments was performed to determine the effect of the f-number, sample position, sample thickness and the number of passes through the nonlinear optical sample on the beam transmittance through an optical system and on the threshold intensity. Calculated temperature profiles and excited state population dynamics are also reported. These results describe trends that are used in making decisions during the design process.
Oxy-fuel burner investigations for CO2 capture in cement plants (2017)

Oxy-fuel conditions may have a considerable influence on the cement production process. This paper presents the results of a first validation work aiming to model the combustion behavior under rich CO2 conditions. The experiments took place in a 500 kWth pulverized fuel combustion rig. A swirl burner is employed to stabilize an air and an oxy-fuel case (29% oxygen in combustion gases). Detailed measurements of temperature and concentrations (O2, CO2, CO) along the furnace length are used to validate the simulation work. A commercial CFD software (Ansys Fluent) is employed to simulate both air and oxy-fuel cases. The results from the simulations indicate a good agreement with the measured values. However, some discrepancies are observed in near burner region that may be also be related to the measurement method employed.
<title>Real-time stereo and motion integration for navigation</title> (1994)

Our purpose in this paper is to describe new techniques for high-resolution range sensing and dynamic vehicle localization. An emphasis of the work is rapid processing, with data redundancy, rather than complex analysis, being used to ensure high quality range estimates. Two aspects of the work are presented here. The first is the use of spatiotemporal consistency filtering to verify range estimates, and the second is the development of a fast registration method that dynamically solves for position and orientation of the platform from stereo range and motion tracking estimates. These methods will enable us to integrate range information over time into a consistent local 3D map.
Cocaine Radioimmunoassay-Structure Versus Reactivity (1981)

Twenty-seven different cocaine-related substances were analyzed by radioimmunoassay (RIA) at several concentrations. An attempt was made to relate structural differences to the affinity of the compounds with the RIA benzoylecgonine (cocaine metabolite) antibody. The effects of substituent placement in the cocaine molecule were studied. Adding an alkyl group to the 2-carboxylic acid (conversion to an alkyl ester) increased reactivity, whereas changes in all other positions reduced reactivity.
Feasibility study of acoustic agglomeration of fly ash in shaped resonators (2002)

An interesting method for controlling fine particulate emission is acoustic agglomeration. Acoustic agglomeration is a process where fine particles coalesce and grow into bigger particles when they are subjected to a high intensity sound field. As a result the particle size distribution shifts to larger sizes. Acoustic agglomeration can thus be used as a preconditioner prior to a conventional filter and improve the overall capture rate of the filter. An experimental study was performed to evaluate the potential of a new high intensity acoustics technology, resonant macrosonic synthesis (RMS), to agglomerate fly ash. RMS allows the generation of very high amplitude shock-free acoustic standing waves within shaped resonators. Experiments were performed in a football shaped resonator at 570 Hz under varying fly ash loadings and sound pressure levels. Particle size measurements were obtained using a laser diffraction particle-sizing instrument. Reduction of fine particulate matter (diameter of particles less than 5 micron) of up to 50% has been achieved. [Work supported by Dominion Corp.]
[Embryotoxicity and teratogenicity studies on artemether in mice, rats and rabbits]. (1984)

Artemther (methyl-dihydroartemisinine) is a new antimalarial agent derived from qinghaisu (artemisinine). When the mice were given im 0.7 or 5.4 mg/kg/d on d 6-15 of gestation, no adverse effects on the fetuses were seen. At 10.7 and 21.4mg/kg/d, 30% and 100% of the surviving fetuses remained normal. Their second generations appeared to be normal. In rats with a dose of 21.4mg/kg/d on d 9-11, all embryos were resorbed. The embyyotoxicity of artemether in rats and rabbits was similar to that in mice. No teratogenic effects were observed in mice, rats and rabbits.
Parallel expreriments in rats with aspirin 250 mg/kg/d showed that 66% of the embryos were resorbed and 36% of the remaining fetuses exhibited exhibited external malformations (P＜0.01).
Efficient facial recognition using vector quantization of 2D DWT features (2016)

A new approach for facial recognition employing Two Dimensional Discrete Wavelet Transform (2D DWT) and Vector Quantization (VQ) is proposed. preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification are the three main phases in this paper. A cropping technique and appropriate dimensions selection are employed in the preprocessing step. In the feature extraction step, 2D DWT is applied to the processed facial images for dimensionality reduction and feature extraction. Then the VQ algorithm using Kekre Fast Codebook Generation (KFCG) for codebook initialization is implemented to the resultant DWT features for further feature compression and better facial representation. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using four databases, namely, ORL, YALE, FERET, and FEI that have different facial variations, such as facial expressions, illumination, rotations, etc. Then the experimental results are analyzed using K-fold Cross Validation (CV). The results show that the proposed approach improves the recognition rates and reduces the storage requirements compared with existing methods.
Design of carrier recovery algorithm for high-order QAM with large frequency acquisition range (2002)

We propose a polarity decision carrier recovery algorithm that is useful for carrier acquisition in high order-QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation). The PD (phase detector) output and its variance characteristics are mathematically derived and the simulation results are presented. We design a carrier recovery loop with this polarity decision PD and ATC (automatic transfer-mode controller), which is proposed to detect a proper time for mode change and to yield fine phase tracking error in the steady state. While the conventional DD (decision directed) algorithm can only acquire frequency offsets of less than /spl plusmn/10 kHz, the proposed carrier recovery algorithm can acquire up to /spl plusmn/200 kHz without AFC (automatic frequency control). We show the RMS (root mean square) phase error performance using the proposed carrier recovery PLL (phase locked loop).
Contour Correspondence via Ant Colony Optimization (2007)

We formulate contour correspondence as a Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP), incorporating proximity information. By maintaining the neighborhood relation between points this way, we show that better matching results are obtained in practice. We propose the first Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm specifically aimed at solving the QAP-based shape correspondence problem. Our ACO framework is flexible in the sense that it can handle general point correspondence, but also allows extensions, such as order preservation, for the more specialized contour matching problem. Various experiments are presented which demonstrate that this approach yields high-quality correspondence results and is computationally efficient when compared to other methods.
Distributed antenna system for mass transit communications (2002)

This paper presents an overview of an antenna system designed to support communications between underground subway trains and other users and their central control stations. The antenna system design is based on a leaky coaxial cable. The system is capable of providing simultaneous RF coverage in three bands (VHF, UHF and 800/900 MHz) with self-monitoring and auto-reconfiguration in the event of a failure. The system has been installed, tested and in operation for over 12 months with the Toronto Transit Commission. This paper discusses the overall system design requirements and the details of the antenna system that was eventually built and installed to satisfy these requirements.
An architecture for deploying wireless services (2002)

We present an architecture to efficiently provide both voice and data services where the nature of the service or the data provided by the service may differ from one geographical region to another. The key to efficiency is to base the service at the local base station or switch.
Antibody response after immunization of Brazilian children with serogroup C meningococcal polysaccharide noncovalently complexed with outer membrane proteins. (1995)

We have studied the antibody response of Brazilian vaccinees to C meningococcal polysaccharide (C-PS) after one or two doses of a vaccine composed of C-PS, outer membrane proteins of B meningococci and aluminum hydroxide. Total IgG, IgG1 and IgG2 as well as bactericidal activity mediated by complement were measured in serum samples from children 3 to 83 months of age (post-vaccination IgG, IgG1 and IgG2 levels of 2.4 to 13.4 micrograms/ml; less than 18 to 67.8 U/ml and less than 18 to 106.8 U/ml, respectively) and from individuals 10 to 14 years of age (post-vaccination IgG, IgG1 and IgG2 levels of 14.6 micrograms/ml, 23.7 U/ml and 112.0 U/ml, respectively). The antibody response, measured as IgG levels, was age-dependent. Although high antibody levels were demonstrable by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), bactericidal activity was not demonstrable (less than 1:4) in serum from children aged less than 24 months. A significant bactericidal activity was detected in serum of children older than 49 months of age and in individuals 10 to 14 years of age. A predominance of IgG2 was observed in post-vaccination serum samples from children belonging to those two age groups. The antibody concentration sufficient to confer protection as well as the possible causes of the poor correlation observed between ELISA and bactericidal activity results are discussed.
Efficacy of Combination of N-acetylcysteine, Gentamicin, and Amphotericin B for Prevention of Microbial Colonization of Ventricular Assist Devices (2008)

We assessed the in vitro antimicrobial activity and the in vivo efficacy of dipping ventricular assist devices in a combination of N-acetylcysteine, gentamicin, and amphotericin B (NAC/G/A). Ventricular assist devices dipped in NAC/G/A exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity in vitro and were less likely than undipped devices to become colonized with Staphylococcus aureus in a rabbit model.
Therapeutic Peptides and Proteins: Formulation, Processing, and Delivery Systems, Second Edition (2005)

Upon publication of the first edition of Therapeutic Peptides and Proteins ten years ago there were only 19 biotechology medicines on the market. Currently there are more than 100, with at least 400 more in various stages of development. That alone would be grounds for a new edition. Add to that the fact that it is still difficult to find up
Distribution of Man-Machine Controls in Space Teleoperation (1982)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The distribution of control between man and machine is dependent on the tasks, available technology, human performance characteristics and control goals. This dependency has very specific projections on systems designed for teleoperation in space. This paper gives a brief outline of the space-related issues and presents the results of advanced teleoperator research and development at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). The research and development work includes smart sensors, flexible computer controls and intelligent man-machine interface devices in the area of visual displays and kinesthetic man-machine coupling in remote control of manipulators. Some of the development results have been tested at the Johnson Space Center (JSC) using the simulated full-scale Space Shuttle Remote Manipulator System (RMS). The research and development work for advanced space teleoperation is far from complete and poses many interdisciplinary challenges.&lt;/div&gt;
Donor–Acceptor Interaction Determines the Mechanism of Photoinduced Electron Injection from Graphene Quantum Dots into TiO2: π-Stacking Supersedes Covalent Bonding (2017)

Interfacial electron transfer (ET) constitutes the key step in conversion of solar energy into electricity and fuels. Required for fast and efficient charge separation, strong donor-acceptor interaction is typically achieved through covalent chemical bonding and leads to fast, adiabatic ET. Focusing on interfaces of pyrene, coronene, and a graphene quantum dot (GQD) with TiO<sub>2</sub>, we demonstrate the opposite situation: covalent bonding leads to weak coupling and nonadiabatic (NA) ET, while through-space π-electron interaction produces adiabatic ET. Using real-time time-dependent density functional theory combined with NA molecular dynamics, we simulate photoinduced ET into TiO<sub>2</sub> from flat and vertically placed molecules and GQD containing commonly used carboxylic acid linkers. Both arrangements can be achieved experimentally with GQDs and other two-dimensional materials, such as MoS<sub>2</sub>. The weak through-bond donor-acceptor coupling is attributed to the π-electron withdrawing properties of the carboxylic acid group. The calculated ET time scales are in excellent agreement with pump-probe optical experiments. The simulations show that the ET proceeds faster than energy relaxation. The electron couples to a broad spectrum of vibrational modes, ranging from 100 cm<sup>-1</sup> large-scale motions to 1600 cm<sup>-1</sup> C-C stretches. Compared to graphene/TiO<sub>2</sub> heterojunctions, the molecule/TiO<sub>2</sub> and GQD/TiO<sub>2</sub> systems exhibit energy gaps, allowing for longer-lived excited states and hot electron injection, facilitating charge separation and higher voltage. The reported state-of-the-art simulations generate a detailed time-domain, atomistic description of the interfacial charge and energy transfer and relaxation processes, and demonstrate that the fundamental principles leading to efficient charge separation in nanoscale materials depend strongly and often unexpectedly on the type of donor-acceptor interaction. Understanding these principles is critical to the development of highly efficient photovoltaic and photocatalytic cells.
Compromised store‐operated Ca2+ entry in aged skeletal muscle (2008)

In aged skeletal muscle, changes to the composition and function of the contractile machinery cannot fully explain the observed decrease in the specific force produced by the contractile machinery that characterizes muscle weakness during aging. Since modification in extracellular Ca(2+) entry in aged nonexcitable and excitable cells has been recently identified, we evaluated the functional status of store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) in aged mouse skeletal muscle. Using Mn(2+) quenching of Fura-2 fluorescence and confocal-microscopic imaging of Ca(2+) movement from the transverse tubules, we determined that SOCE was severely compromised in muscle fibers isolated from aged mice (26-27 months) as compared with those from young (2-5 months) mice. While reduced SOCE in aged skeletal muscle does not appear to result from altered expression levels of STIM1 or reduced expression of mRNA for Orai, this reduction in SOCE is mirrored in fibers isolated from young mice null for mitsugumin-29, a synaptophysin-related protein that displays decreased expression in aged skeletal muscle. Our data suggest that decreased mitsugumin-29 expression and reduced SOCE may contribute to the diminished intracellular Ca(2+) homeostatic capacity generally associated with muscle aging.
Nanodiamond preparation and surface characterization for biological applications (2017)

Nanodiamonds contain stable fluorescent emitters and hence can be used for molecular fluorescence imaging and precision sensing of electromagnetic fields. The physical properties of these emitters together with their low reported cytotoxicity make them attractive for biological imaging applications. The controlled application of nanodiamonds for cellular imaging requires detailed understanding of surface chemistry, size ranges and aggregation, as these can all influence cellular interactions. We compared these characteristics for graphitic and oxidized nanodiamonds. Oxidation is generally used for surface functionalization, and was optimized by Thermogravimetric Analysis, achieved by 445&plusmn;5&deg;C heating in air for 5 hours, then confirmed via Raman and Infrared spectroscopies. Size ranges and aggregation were assessed using Atomic Force Microscopy and Dynamic Light Scattering. Biocompatibility in breast cancer cell lines was measured using a proliferation assay. Heating at 445&plusmn;5&deg;C reduced the Raman signal of graphitic carbon (1575 cm<sup>-1</sup>) as compared to that of diamond (1332 cm<sup>-1</sup>) from 0.31&plusmn;0.07 Raman intensity units to 0.07&plusmn;0.04. This temperature was substantially below the onset of major mass loss (observed at 535&plusmn;1&deg;C) and therefore achieved cost efficiency, convenience and high yield. Graphitic and oxidized nanodiamonds formed aggregates in water, with a mean particle size of 192&plusmn;4nm and 166&plusmn;2nm at a concentration of 66&mu;g/mL. We then applied the graphitic and oxidized nanodiamonds to cells in culture at 1&mu;g/mL and found no significant change in the proliferation rate (-5&plusmn;2% and -1&plusmn;3% respectively). Nanodiamonds may therefore be suitable for development as a novel transformative tool in the life sciences.