gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neural substrates of accurate perception of time duration: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study (2022)

Time duration, an essential feature of the physical world, is perceived and cognitively interpreted subjectively. While this perception is deeply connected with arousal and interoceptive signals, the underlying neural mechanisms remain elusive. As the insula is critical for integrating information from the external world with the organism's inner state, we hypothesized that it might have a central role in the perception of time duration and contribute to its estimation accuracy. We conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging study with 27 healthy participants performing temporal duration and pitch bisection tasks that used the same stimuli. By comparison with two referents with short and long duration in the time range of 1 s (close to the heart rate period), or low and high pitch, participants had to decide whether target stimuli were closer in duration or pitch to the referent stimuli. The temporal bisection point between short and long duration perception was obtained through a psychometric response curve analysis for each participant. The deviation between the bisection point and the average of reference stimuli durations was used as a marker of duration accuracy. Duration discrimination-specific activation, contrasted to pitch discrimination, was found in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, bilateral cerebellum, and right anterior insular cortex (AIC), extending to the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), inferior parietal lobule, and frontal pole. The activity in the right AIC and IFG was positively correlated with the accuracy of duration discrimination. The right AIC is known to be related to the reproduction of duration, whereas the right IFG is involved in categorical decisions. Thus, the comparison between the referent durations reproduced in the AIC and the target duration may occur in the right IFG. We conclude that the right AIC and IFG contribute to the accurate perception of temporal duration.
Deep clustering for abdominal organ classification in ultrasound imaging (2023)

This method can be used as a tool to preprocess large unprocessed databases, thus reducing the need for prior annotations of abdominal ultrasound studies for the training of image classification algorithms, which in turn could improve the clinical use of ultrasound images.
Supplementary Figure Legend from Myeloid Cells Obtained from the Blood but Not from the Tumor Can Suppress T-cell Proliferation in Patients with Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 42K.&lt;/p&gt;
Conditional expectations associated with quantum states (2005)

An extension of the conditional expectations (those under a given subalgebra of events and not the simple ones under a single event) from the classical to the quantum case is presented. In the classical case, the conditional expectations always exist; in the quantum case, however, they exist only if a certain weak compatibility criterion is satisfied. This compatibility criterion was introduced among others in a recent paper by the author. Then, state-independent conditional expectations and quantum Markov processes are studied. A classical Markov process is a probability measure, together with a system of random variables, satisfying the Markov property and can equivalently be described by a system of Markovian kernels (often forming a semigroup). This equivalence is partly extended to quantum probabilities. It is shown that a dynamical (semi)group can be derived from a given system of quantum observables satisfying the Markov property, and the group generators are studied. The results are presented in the framework of Jordan operator algebras, and a very general type of observables (including the usual real-valued observables or self-adjoint operators) is considered.
Diallel analysis in rice (Oryza sativa L.) for physiological traits (2003)

Genetic components and combining ability analyses of various physiological traits were carried out by using seven parents diallel mating design excluding reciprocals. Results revealed that both additive and non-additive gene effects were important for the inheritance of characters studied with preponderance of latter for all traits, except plant height and harvest index in both F, and F, generations. The significance of gene distribution indicated the presence of gene asymmetry. At least one major group of genes controlled the inheritance of each trait. High narrow-sense heritability further suported the importance of additive gene effects for harvest index and plant height. NDR 359, Sarjoo 52, Mahsuri, T 21 and Jal Lahari were good general combiners. The promising cross combinations were NDR 359/Jal Lahari, NDR 359/T 21, Mahsuri/ T 21, Sarjoo 52/NDR 359 and Sarjoo 52/T 21. Since non-additive/dominance components were higher than the additive for all the characters in both F, and F, generations, therefore, biparental mating and/or reciprocal recurrent selection could be used for genetic improvement of these characters.
Applications of 3D Bioprinting in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (2021)

Regenerative medicine is an emerging field that centers on the restoration and regeneration of functional components of damaged tissue. Tissue engineering is an application of regenerative medicine and seeks to create functional tissue components and whole organs. Using 3D printing technologies, native tissue mimics can be created utilizing biomaterials and living cells. Recently, regenerative medicine has begun to employ 3D bioprinting methods to create highly specialized tissue models to improve upon conventional tissue engineering methods. Here, we review the use of 3D bioprinting in the advancement of tissue engineering by describing the process of 3D bioprinting and its advantages over other tissue engineering methods. Materials and techniques in bioprinting are also reviewed, in addition to future clinical applications, challenges, and future directions of the field.
Ordinary Hall Effect inFe3O4and(NiO)0.75(FeO)0.25(Fe2O3) at Room Temperature (1959)

Room temperature Hall measurements on a synthetic crystal of ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ and on a synthetic single crystal of ${(\mathrm{NiO})}_{0.75}$${(\mathrm{FeO})}_{0.25}$${(\mathrm{F}\mathrm{e}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$) are reported. The thermoelectric power of the sample of ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ was also measured and verified that the sign of the charge carrier was negative. The ordinary Hall measurement of ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ suggests that the number of conduction electrons at room temperature is of the order of 3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{21}$/${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$, in rough agreement with Verwey's model. The ordinary Hall coefficient of ${(\mathrm{NiO})}_{0.75}$${(\mathrm{FeO})}_{0.25}$${(\mathrm{F}\mathrm{e}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$) also suggests a large carrier concentration, of the order of 5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{20}$/${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$ at room temperature. The Hall mobility of ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ is of the order of 0.5 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$/volt-sec and the Hall mobility of ${(\mathrm{NiO})}_{0.75}$${(\mathrm{FeO})}_{0.25}$${(\mathrm{F}\mathrm{e}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$) is of the order of 0.05 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$/volt-sec. The conductivities of ${(\mathrm{NiO})}_{0.75}$${(\mathrm{FeO})}_{0.25}$(${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$) and of a synthetic single crystal of ${(\mathrm{NiO})}_{0.56}$${(\mathrm{ZnO})}_{0.14}$${(\mathrm{FeO})}_{0.30}$(${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$) have been measured and compared with the conductivity of ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ employing a simple model for the mobility and associating the activation energy obtained from resistivity data with the number of conduction electrons. The observed data are in good agreement with the simple model.
Inertial energy distribution error control for optimal wind-shear penetration (1990)

The principle of inertial energy distribution error control for optimal airplane microburst wind-shear penetration was developed, and a controller based on this principle was tested for its robustness in a realistic environment. A Monte Carlo approach together with a nonlinear simulation of a takeoff flight condition was used to evaluate system performance. Statistical models for the microburst strength, size, and location were used for the Monte Carlo simulation. A microburst-specific controller, based on a minimax height-loss performance index, was used in the Monte Carlo simulation as a reference controller. These trajectory results were compared with those of the controller based on an inertial energy distribution error performance index. The results obtained demonstrated two important concepts: 1) It is important to distribute inertial energy error equally between potential energy and inertial kinetic energy of the airplane system to minimize height losses. 2) Minimization of height loss results in maintaining an approximately constant inertial speed.
Title advances in optical fabrication for astronomy (2018)

The fabrication of precision optical surfaces has undergone a revolution in recent years. The first purpose of this paper is to present case studies of novel optical designs not previously published, that utilize complex, or ‘freeform’, surfaces. These designs are described both for their own merits, and as pointers towards the types of adventurous designs for ground or space-based astronomy that might now be envisaged. The potential benefits are enhanced optical performance in more compact, lower mass, and rugged packages. Such designs would, until recently, have been impossible to fabricate, and so we also describe some of the recent technical advances that have materially changed this position.
Error Resilient Infrastructure for Data Transfer in a Distributed Neutron Detector (2011)

In a radiating harsh environment, a distributed neutron sensor needs a robust data transfer infrastructure, since the latter is exposed to radiations as well as the sensing elements. In this paper, we present the architecture of a communication framework that ensures a high standard of data transfer and system reliability. This infrastructure embeds data redundancy and provides diagnostic protocols to identify the faulty elements of the system. The proposed communication framework has been validated by means of model checker tool and then implemented and tested under many faulty scenarios.
Ultrahigh spatial-frequency, high-contrast periodic structures produced by interference lithography (1996)

We have developed a process to produce high-aspect ratio, high- frequency periodic profiles recorded in a photoresist layer by interference lithography. We are able to independently control the period, duty cycle, and sidewall angle of the profiles. High-contrast diazonapthoquinone-based photoresist and single mode operation of the exposure laser are critical. The high-aspect ratio profiles are necessary for many applications such as transfer etch masks for etching oxides and field emitter array patterning. 5 refs., 5 figs.
La radiación electromagnética no-ionizante en la ciudad de Neiva (2020)

La exposicion a los Campos electromagneticos (CEM), ha estado presente desde el inicio de la humanidad, es parte de nuestra historia y gracias a estos se ha generado muchos avances tecnologicos dejando a su paso positivas y negativas.
En la actualidad hay muchas incognitas respecto a que tan peligroso puede ser los campos electromagneticos, especificamente las radiaciones no ionizantes. 
Este trabajo de investigacion aborda sobre el peligro a la salud que puede generar las antenas de telecomunicaciones en la ciudad de Neiva porque la mayoria de las antenas estan instaladas sin la reglamentacion adecuada lo que contribuye a una mayor exposicion y a un mayor peligro consecuentemente.
Por medio del analisis sistematico de literatura, se investigara de diversas fuentes, resultados investigativos con respecto a la problematica, ademas de hacer mediciones de los campos electromagneticos de las distintas antenas de la ciudad y la recepcion de los ciudadanos de estas mismas.
Genetic Alterations During Carcinogenesis in Rodents: Implications for Cancer Risk Assessment (1990)

Recent advances in the molecular genetics of cancer in humans and experimental rodents provide strong support for the somatic mutation theory of carcinogenesis. It is now known that at least two distinct classes of genes, proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, are altered in cancer cells. A number of tumor types frequently contain ras proto-oncogenes that have been activated by a point mutation. Losses of heterozygosity in specific chromosomal regions which are detected by the analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphisms suggest the involvement of tumor suppressor genes in a wide variety of human cancers. This review discusses results from a series of studies that have characterized activating ras mutations in spontaneous and chemically induced liver and lung tumors of mice and rats. Initial results from the application of restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis for tumor suppressor gene identification in liver and lung tumors of B6C3F1 mice are also presented.
Unexplained Deaths of Type 1 Diabetic Patients (1991)

The suggestion of an increase in the number of sudden deaths of young people with Type 1 diabetes in the UK has been investigated. It was suggested that such deaths were due to hypoglycaemia and related to the increasing use of human insulin. In total we were notified of 50 deaths of people with Type 1 diabetes under age 50 years in the UK in 1989 which our informants (relatives, physicians, and pathologists) considered sudden and unexpected. An autopsy had been done in all cases and we supplemented this with detailed clinical information from relatives and case records. Of the 50 cases we excluded five with a definite cause of death, 11 suicides or self-poisonings, six cases of ketoacidosis, and four in which there was insufficient information about the circumstances of death to drawn any conclusions. Of the other 24 cases, two patients had been found with irreversible hypoglycaemic brain damage and died after a period of artificial ventilation. The most puzzling group were 22, aged 12-43 years, most of whom had gone to bed in apparently good health and been found dead in the morning. Nineteen of the 22 were sleeping alone at the time of death and 20 were found lying in an undisturbed bed. Most had uncomplicated diabetes and in none were anatomical lesions found at autopsy. There are major difficulties in diagnosing hypoglycaemia post-mortem, but the timing of death and other circumstantial evidence suggests that hypoglycaemia or a hypoglycaemia-associated event was responsible. All patients were taking human insulin at the time of death but most had been changed from animal insulin between 6 months and 2 years earlier and there was nothing to implicate the species of insulin as a factor in these deaths.
Influence of an Antioxidant Vitamin-Enriched Drink on Pre- and Post-Exercise Lymphocyte Antioxidant System (2008)

Intense exercise increases lipid peroxidation, decreases Bcl-2 expression and induces an antioxidant response in lymphocytes. Supplementation with moderate levels of antioxidant vitamins reduces exercise-induced oxidative damage, but without blocking the cellular adaptation to exercise.
Greater Diversity of HIV-1 Quasispecies in HIV-Infected Individuals With Active Tuberculosis (2000)

An increase in HIV-1 heterogeneity may be associated with a TB-mediated increase in HIV-1 replication. However, a diverse HIV-1 quasispecies population in HIV/TB patients as opposed to tight quasispecies clusters in HIV patients suggests a possible dissemination of lung-derived HIV-1 isolates from the TB-affected organ.
The Impact of Fictional Television Portrayals of Psychotherapy on Viewers' Expectations of Therapy, Attitudes Toward Seeking Treatment, and Induction into Dramatic Narratives (2013)

ROBISON, TROY A., Ph.D., August 2013, Psychology The Impact of Fictional Television Portrayals of Psychotherapy on Viewers’ Expectations of Therapy, Attitudes Toward Seeking Treatment, and Induction into Dramatic Narratives. Directors of Dissertation: Benjamin M. Ogles & John P. Garske Many have speculated that portrayals of psychotherapy in the popular media can influence viewer’s expectations, attitudes, and intentions to seek therapy. Unfortunately, these claims are rarely (if ever) validated by research studies using sound, controlled methodology. Similarly, no studies have examined therapy portrayals in connection to theories of media persuasion. The purpose of this study was to empirically investigate the impact of fictional television portrayals of psychotherapy on the viewers’ beliefs about psychotherapeutic treatment. This study experimentally explored the effects of therapy portrayals on viewers’ expectations of treatment, attitudes about seeking psychotherapy, and explored the relationship between psychological distress and theoretically supported variables of media persuasion such as transportation and narrative engagement. The results of the study indicate that media portrayals influence viewers’ beliefs about seeking psychotherapy and characteristics of the therapist. A relationship between psychological distress and induction into dramatic media narratives was not found, however perceived realism of the portrayals was highly related to narrative induction.
Total maternal and child care: an approach to the population problem. (1977)

This article describes the Bohol Province Maternal Child Health/Family Planning Project, a 5-year project financed by the United Nations Fund for Population Activities and the Philippines Department of Health. The objectives of the project are to improve general health services, introduce family planning services in the context of the MCH program, improve training of personnel and evaluated the results of the program. 88 barrio health centers have been established, offering a range of maternal, child health and family planning services. 34 boticas (drugstores) have been set up in local variety stores, dispensing drugs at low cost. A strong research unit collects data for program evaluation and has so far published 23 reports, which are listed at the end of this article. Community acceptance of the program has, in general, been good; midwives have been welcomed. The program has encountered problems of religious conservatism and insufficient contraceptive supplies and has learned the need for good relations with the barrio leaders and residents. The 5-year limit needs to be extended. Progress in health services has been excellent. The effect on family planning, while encouraging, cannot yet be evaluated.
Design Education for Social Change (2016)

Every step from savagery to civilization is dependent upon the invention of media which enlarge the range of purely immediate experience and give it independent as well as wider meaning by connecting it with things which can only be signified or symbolized.Design education is the process of acquirin
MRI‐guided stereotactic neurosurgical procedures in a diagnostic MRI suite: Background and safe practice recommendations (2017)

The development of navigation technology facilitating MRI‐guided stereotactic neurosurgery has enabled neurosurgeons to perform a variety of procedures ranging from deep brain stimulation to laser ablation entirely within an intraoperative or diagnostic MRI suite while having real‐time visualization of brain anatomy. Prior to this technology, some of these procedures required multisite workflow patterns that presented significant risk to the patient during transport. For those facilities with access to this technology, safe practice guidelines exist only for procedures performed within an intraoperative MRI. There are currently no safe practice guidelines or parameters available for facilities looking to integrate this technology into practice in conventional MRI suites. Performing neurosurgical procedures in a diagnostic MRI suite does require precautionary measures. The relative novelty of technology and workflows for direct MRI‐guided procedures requires consideration of safe practice recommendations, including those pertaining to infection control and magnet safety issues. This article proposes a framework of safe practice recommendations designed for assessing readiness and optimization of MRI‐guided neurosurgical interventions in the diagnostic MRI suite in an effort to mitigate patient risk. The framework is based on existing clinical evidence, recommendations, and guidelines related to infection control and prevention, health care–associated infections, and magnet safety, as well as the clinical and practical experience of neurosurgeons utilizing this technology.
Validation of a Non-Linear Finite Element Vehicle Model Using Multiple Impact Data (1996)

Abstract A detailed multi-purpose finite element model of a 1994 Chevrolet C-1500 pick-up truck was developed at the FHWA/NHTSA National Crash Analysis Center. The model is the first of its kind developed specifically to address vehicle safety issues, including front and side performance, as well as road side hardware design. The former application typically involves large regional deformation with impact durations of no more than 150 msec. The latter encompasses damage along a larger portion of the vehicle, and due to longer interaction time between the vehicle and impacted device coupled with the need to observe post impact dynamics, requires simulations that could last as long as 1 second. This paper describes the results of a non-linear finite element computer simulation using this model for frontal full barrier and median highway barrier impacts. These simulations are conducted in support of research studies undergoing at the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to investigate vehicle compatibility, new offset barrier tests, and highway/vehicle safety issues. Full scale vehicle crash tests conducted by NHTSA and FHWA are used for evaluation of the performance of the model. Two tests are compared, a frontal impact with a full rigid wall and a corner impact to a 42-inch Vertical Concrete Median. The comparisons between tests and simulations in terms of overall impact deformation, component failure modes, velocity and acceleration at various locations in the vehicle are presented. Modeling issues including element size, connectivity, and slide line interface of different parts are discussed. In addition, some simulation related hardware and software issues are addressed. The results clearly indicate the model to be consistent with the full scale tests. Additional simulations need to be performed to fully evaluate and validate the model.
Internal fluidity of a sessile droplet with the presence of particles on a hydrophobic surface (2016)

Thermocapillary flow inside a sessile droplet is considered in relation to microsized particles, resembling the environmental dust particles’ removal from the hydrophobic surface. Polycarbonate surface is textured through solution-induced crystallization to generate surfaces with hydrophobic characteristics. The dusts are collected from the local environment and characterized using the analytical tools. Internal fluidity of the droplet is simulated numerically in line with the experimental conditions. An experiment is carried out to measure the velocity of the dust particles using the optical microscopic system. It is found that thermocapillary-induced forces generate counter-rotating cells in the droplet, which depends on the droplet contact angle. The percentage of dust particles removed from the hydrophobic surface into the droplet, due to droplet internal fluidity, increases with the size of the dust particles and it remains almost constant with progressing time. The dust particles follow the streamlines in the circulation cells inside the droplet.