gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A RECONFIGURABLE AND SCALABLE EFFICIENT ARCHITECTURE FOR AES (2008)

A new 32-bit reconfigurable FPGA implementation of AES algorithm is presented in this thesis. It employs a single round architecture to minimize the hardware cost. The combinational logic implementation of S-Box ensures the suitability for non-Block RAMs (BRAMs) FPGA devices. Fully composite field GF((24)2) based encryption and keyschedule lead to the lower hardware complexity and convenience for the efficient subpipelining. For the first time, a subpipelined on-the-fly keyschedule over composite field GF((24)2) is applied for the all standard key sizes (128-, 192-, 256-bit). The proposed architecture achieves a throughput of 805.82Mbits/s using 523 slices with a ratio throughput/slice of 1.54Mbps/Slice on Xilinx Virtex2 XC2V2000 ff896 device.
Subjective quantification of earplug occlusion effect using external acoustical excitation of the mouth cavity (2010)

Occlusion of the ear canal by hearing aids or hearing protectors often results in an occlusion effect, which creates a discomfort to wearers in that it changes their perception of their own voice. As no account was found in the literature on the quantification of this subjective voice occlusion effect, an experimental method is proposed based on the use of an artificial sound source emitting within the subject's mouth to replace his own voice. A block diagram is constructed to identify the different internal sound path components involved in the perception of one's own voice and is used to show that the subjective voice occlusion effect is the weighted energy summation of two components. The first component, the voice air and body conduction occlusion effect for which data is obtained from the experiments reported in the present paper, constitute the lower limit of the subjective voice occlusion effect. The second component, the voice body conduction occlusion effect for which data is available in the literature, constitutes the upper limit. From these limits, order of magnitudes for subjective voice occlusion effect intervals are estimated to be [+5+20] dB below 2000 Hz and [-10+5] dB above 2000 Hz.
Non-destructive determination of local damage and material condition in high-performance components (2013)

Abstract In modern aircraft engines, a high number of complex high-performance components are employed, which are partly subjected to extreme loading. For instance, the high-pressure turbine blades of the first stage after the combustor are both thermally-mechanically loaded and experience severe corrosive attack. Therefore they are furnished with several protective systems in order to improve the fatigue life and reliability of the high-temperature material blades employed. A ceramic thermal barrier coating insulates the internally and film-cooled blades against the hot gas stream whilst the underlying layer (PtAl, Al, MCrAlY) protects the substrate material against corrosive attack and oxidation. Owing to the low electrical conductivity of the materials employed in the multilayered system of the high-pressure turbine blades with layer thicknesses of 20–150 μm, conventional eddy-current and thermographic technologies are only suitable to a limited extent to non-destructively detect the condition of the individual layers separately from the substrate material. In contrast to this, with the aid of multi-parameter, high-frequency eddy-current technologies and high-frequency induction thermography using pulsed excitation, the eddy-currents with test frequencies in the mega-Hertz range (up to 100 MHz) can be limited to the near subsurface and produce standard penetration depths of &lt;50 μm; which enables the layer and substrate materials to be differentially studied. The objective of the present study was to non-destructively detect the condition of the coatings, to characterise and determine the thickness of the coating as well as to detect the condition of the substrate material and sensitively analyse local damage and defects.
Impact of alectinib on survival after crizotinib failure in ALK-positive NSCLC patients. (2015)

e19138 Background: The next generation ALK inhibitor, alectinib, reportedly has potent efficacy after crizotinib failure in ALK-positive NSCLC patients. In the present study, we investigated progression patterns at crizotinib failure and clinical outcome after crizotinib failure, and evaluated the impact of progression patterns and alectinib on survival after crizotinib failure. Methods: Among a total of 76 ALK-positive NSCLC patients who underwent chemotherapy from January 2010 to December 2014 at our institution, 71 were treated with ALK inhibitors, 49 of whom were treated with crizotinib as the initial ALK inhibitor. We retrospectively evaluated these 49 patients for baseline characteristics, initial response to crizotinib, initial progression sites, treatment after crizotinib and post progression survival (PPS) from Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors- progressive disease (RECIST-PD) on crizotinib. Results: Of the 49 patients treated with crizotinib, 18 (37%) were male, median age was 52 years (range: 31–80), 33 (67%) were stage IV at diagnosis, and 39 (80%) patients received crizotinib as first or second line treatment. The overall response rate (ORR) and median progression free survival (PFS) on crizotinib was 61% and 298 days (range: 26–1421), respectively. Thirty-five (71%) patients had RECIST-PD, as assessed by radiologic findings. In 35 of the patients with RECIST-PD, the initial progression sites were isolated brain metastasis in 9 (26%) patients, and systemic in 26 (74%) patients. Disease progression consisted of solitary lesions in 7 (20%) patients, and multiple lesions in 28 (80%). After crizotinib failure, 11 patients were treated with alectinib, nine of whom (82%) had partial response. The median PPS from RECIST-PD on crizotinib in patients treated with alectinib was significantly longer than those without alectinib (NR vs. 4.5 months, p = 0.0003). Multivariate analysis identified that treatment with alectinib after crizotinib failure was associated with significantly longer PPS (Alectinib: HR 0.118, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.018-0.427, P< 0.001). Conclusions: Alectinib was significantly associated with longer PPS after crizotinib failure in ALK-positive NSCLC patients.
Microelectrofluidic iris for variable aperture (2012)

This paper presents a variable aperture design based on the microelectrofluidic technology which integrates electrowetting and microfluidics. The proposed microelectrofluidic iris (MEFI) consists of two immiscible fluids and two connected surface channels formed by three transparent plates and two spacers between them. In the initial state, the confined aqueous ring makes two fluidic interfaces, on which the Laplace pressure is same, in the hydrophobic surface channels. When a certain voltage is applied between the dielectric-coated control electrode beneath the three-phase contact line (TCL) and the reference electrode for grounding the aqueous, the contact angle changes on the activated control electrode. At high voltage over the threshold, the induced positive pressure difference makes the TCLs on the 1st channel advance to the center and the aperture narrow. If there is no potential difference between the control and reference electrodes, the pressure difference becomes negative. It makes the TCLs on the 1st channel recede and the aperture widen to the initial state. It is expected that the proposed MEFI is able to be widely used because of its fast response, circular aperture, digital operation, high aperture ratio, and possibility to be miniaturized for variable aperture.
Tγδ LGLL identifies a subset with more symptomatic disease: analysis of an international cohort of 137 patients (2022)

Tγδ large granular lymphocyte leukemia (LGLL) is a rare variant of T-cell LGLL (T-LGLL) that has been less investigated as compared with the more frequent Tαβ LGLL, particularly in terms of frequency of STAT3 and STAT5b mutations. In this study, we characterized the clinical and biological features of 137 patients affected by Tγδ LGLL; data were retrospectively collected from 1997 to 2020 at 8 referral centers. Neutropenia and anemia were the most relevant clinical features, being present in 54.2% and 49.6% of cases, respectively, including severe neutropenia and anemia in ∼20% of cases each. Among the various treatments, cyclosporine A was shown to provide the best response rates. DNA samples of 97 and 94 cases were available for STAT3 and STAT5b mutation analysis, with 38.1% and 4.2% of cases being mutated, respectively. Clinical and biological features of our series of Tγδ cases were also compared with a recently published Tαβ cohort including 129 cases. Though no differences in STAT3 and STAT5b mutational frequency were found, Tγδ cases more frequently presented with neutropenia (P = .0161), anemia (P < .0001), severe anemia (P = .0065), and thrombocytopenia (P = .0187). Moreover, Vδ2- cases displayed higher frequency of symptomatic disease. Overall, Tγδ cases displayed reduced survival with respect to Tαβ cases (P = .0017). Although there was no difference in STAT3 mutation frequency, our results showed that Tγδ LGLL represents a subset of T-LGLL characterized by more frequent symptoms and reduced survival as compared with Tαβ LGLL.
Defining the Dynamic Regulation of O-GlcNAc Proteome in the Mouse Cortex---the O-GlcNAcylation of Synaptic and Trafficking Proteins Related to Neurodegenerative Diseases (2021)

O-linked conjugation of ß-N-acetyl-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to serine and threonine residues is a post-translational modification process that senses nutrient availability and cellular stress and regulates diverse biological processes that are involved in neurodegenerative diseases and provide potential targets for therapeutics development. However, very little is known of the networks involved in the brain that are responsive to changes in the O-GlcNAc proteome. Pharmacological increase of protein O-GlcNAcylation by Thiamet G (TG) has been shown to decrease tau phosphorylation and neurotoxicity, and proposed as a therapy in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, acute TG exposure impairs learning and memory, and protein O-GlcNAcylation is increased in the aging rat brain and in Parkinson's disease (PD) brains. To define the cortical O-GlcNAc proteome that responds to TG, we injected young adult mice with either saline or TG and performed mass spectrometry analysis for detection of O-GlcNAcylated peptides. This approach identified 506 unique peptides corresponding to 278 proteins that are O-GlcNAcylated. Of the 506 unique peptides, 85 peptides are elevated by > 1.5 fold in O-GlcNAcylation levels in response to TG. Using pathway analyses, we found TG-dependent enrichment of O-GlcNAcylated synaptic proteins, trafficking, Notch/Wnt signaling, HDAC signaling, and circadian clock proteins. Significant changes in the O-GlcNAcylation of DNAJC6/AUXI, and PICALM, proteins that are risk factors for PD and/or AD respectively, were detected. We compared our study with two key prior O-GlcNAc proteome studies using mouse cerebral tissue and human AD brains. Among those identified to be increased by TG, 15 are also identified to be increased in human AD brains compared to control, including those involved in cytoskeleton, autophagy, chromatin organization and mitochondrial dysfunction. These studies provide insights regarding neurodegenerative diseases therapeutic targets.
Development and Testing of an Individual Kernel Detection System for Genetically Modified Soybean Events in Non-identity-preserved Soybean Samples (2020)

A genetically modified (GM) soybean kernel detection system using combination of DNA preparation from individual soybean kernels and event-specific real-time PCR was developed to simultaneously identify GM soybean events authorized for food after safety assessments in Japan. Over 100 kernels in the non-identity-preserved soybean samples imported from the United States of America (two U.S.A. lots) and Brazil (one lot) were randomly selected and examined. In total, 98 and 96% of the two independent U.S.A. lots, and 100% of the Brazilian lot contained GM soybean kernels. Herbicide-tolerant events, MON89788 (trade name Genuity<sup>®</sup> Roundup Ready 2 Yield™), GTS 40-3-2 (trade name Roundup Ready™ soybean) and A2704-12 (trade name Liberty Link<sup>®</sup> soybean), were detected similarly in both U.S.A. lots. In the Brazilian lot, in addition to GTS 40-3-2, a stacked GM event, MON87701 × MON89788, having insect-resistance and herbicide-tolerance, was detected. There were no unauthorized GM soybeans comingled, and the ratio of GM soybean events detected was consistent with statistical reports on the cultivated GM soybean events in both countries.
Supplementary Table Legends 1-5, Figures 1-8 from Combined Gene Expression Profiling and RNAi Screening in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Identify PLK1 and Other Therapeutic Kinase Targets (2023)

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Ingested particles reduce susceptibility of insect larvae to Bacillus thuringiensis (2003)

Abstract: Susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis of mosquito and lepidopteran larvae is affected by feeding behaviour and nutritional value of the available food. Reduced mortality is attributed to feeding inhibition and dilution of the pathogen in the presence of nutritional and inert particles, which limit the amount of ingested toxin. These reasons are, however, not sufficient to explain the data presented here. Values of LC 50 (the concentration that kills 50% of exposed population) of B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Berliner) against Aedes aegypti (L.) larvae and of B. thuringiensis subsp. kenyae (Berliner) against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) larvae were about 20–217 and 2.3–44‐fold higher, respectively, in the presence of nutritional or biologically inert (non‐nutritional) particles than without. The number of B. thuringiensis spores in carcasses of B. thuringiensis ‐killed A. aegypti and S. littoralis larvae were between 1.9 and 5.6‐fold and between 8.5 and 12‐fold higher, respectively, in the presence of particles than without. In all cases, non‐nutritional particles better protected the exposed larvae than nutritious particles. We propose that another basic mechanism exists, that ingested particles protect midgut epithelial cells by covering their surface and thus preventing availability of the toxin to the gut receptors. Understanding the defence mechanisms of insects against B. thuringiensis toxicity may lead to improved pest management methods.
Characterization of the Fluorescent Spectra and Intensities of Various Lignans: Application to HPLC Analysis with Fluorescent Detection (2015)

There is considerable interest in dietary lignans since they have been shown to have antioxidant, estrogenic and lipid-lowering activity in humans. In this study, the fluorescent excitation and emission spectra of seven lignans were characterized and their relative fluorescent intensities compared. The lignans were found to have similar excitation (286.6 ± 2.5 nm, X ± SD) and emission (320.1 ± 6.4 nm) maxima; however, their fluorescence intensities on a molar basis decreased in the following order: asarinin, sesamin, sesamolin, seco-isolariciresinol, seco-isolariciresinol diglucoside and matairesinol. Enterolactone, a mammalian lignan conversion product, and sesamol, an antioxidant found in sesame oil, also exhibited significant fluorescence excitation and emission intensities. A high-performance liquid chromatographic method using photodiode array (PDA) and fluorescent detection was developed for the analysis of the individual lignans. Analysis was performed on a reversed phase C-18 column with methanol-water (70:30, v/v) as the mobile phase. With fluorescent detection, the limits of quantitation (LOQ) was 0.1 ng or 2.82 nmol for sesamin and asarinin, 2.70 nmol for sesamolin, 2.76 nmol for seco-isolariciresinol, 1.45 nmol for seco-isolariciresinol diglucoside, 2.79 nmol for matairesinol and 0.5 ng or 1.67 nmol for enterolactone. With PDA detection, the LOQ was a 1000-fold less sensitive than with fluorescent detection.
Fuzzy observers for nonlinear dynamic systems fault diagnosis (2002)

This paper presents a new fault diagnosis scheme for nonlinear dynamic systems. In this scheme, the residual signal is generated by a fuzzy observer which is based on Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy models. The stability as well as eigenvalue constraint conditions for the fuzzy observer design are presented and solved in the linear matrix inequality framework. Finally, the paper demonstrates the application of fuzzy observers in detecting and isolating intermittent faults in the induction motor of a railway traction system.
Effect of Acene Length on Electronic Properties in 5‐, 6‐, and 7‐Ringed Heteroacenes (2011)

Three novel soluble acene derivatives consisting of the same functional group but varying in backbone size were characterized for their structural and electrical properties. An increase in acene length was found to directly contribute to more favourable packing schemes for hole transport, leading to field-effect mobilities of 1.8 cm2V−1s−1 for difluoro tri-sec-butylsilylethynyl pentacenedithiophene, the longest derivative. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
The effects of acupuncture, electroneedling and transcutaneous electrical stimulation therapies on peripheral haemodynamic functioning (1998)

For decades, acupuncture and electroneedling treatments have been used, predominately in the Eastern countries, in the management of patients with compromised cardiovascular and digestive functions. Similarly, neuromuscular electrical stimulation is commonly employed in Western countries to modulate pain, augment muscle strength and enhance blood flow in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Many rehabilitation specialists believe that electrical stimulation of acupuncture points with surface electrodes can elicit the same physiological and therapeutic effects as those produced by acupuncture and electroneedling techniques. Electrical stimulation of acupuncture points with surface electrodes is a relatively new and non-invasive treatment with potential clinical application in the management of patients with peripheral vascular disease. Presently, there are controversies in the literature as to the effects of traditional acupuncture, electroneedling and neuromuscular electrical stimulation treatments on peripheral haemodynamic functioning. This paper provides a detailed review of published studies on the above promising therapies. An attempt was made to clarify the pitfalls in the extant literature and delineate the fact from the fiction. Areas for further research were proposed.
Progress in compensating pulse sequences for quantum computation (2012)

The control of qubit states is often impeded by systematic control errors. Compensating pulse sequences have emerged as a resource efficient method for quantum error reduction. In this review, we discuss compensating composite pulse methods, and introduce a unifying control-theoretic framework using a dynamic interaction picture. This admits a novel geometric picture where sequences are interpreted as vector paths on the dynamical Lie algebra. Sequences for single-qubit and multi-qubit operations are described with this method.
Categorical Analysis of Human T Cell Heterogeneity with One-Dimensional Soli-Expression by Nonlinear Stochastic Embedding (2015)

Rapid progress in single-cell analysis methods allow for exploration of cellular diversity at unprecedented depth and throughput. Visualizing and understanding these large, high-dimensional datasets poses a major analytical challenge. Mass cytometry allows for simultaneous measurement of >40 different proteins, permitting in-depth analysis of multiple aspects of cellular diversity. In this article, we present one-dimensional soli-expression by nonlinear stochastic embedding (One-SENSE), a dimensionality reduction method based on the t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) algorithm, for categorical analysis of mass cytometry data. With One-SENSE, measured parameters are grouped into predefined categories, and cells are projected onto a space composed of one dimension for each category. In contrast with higher-dimensional t-SNE, each dimension (plot axis) in One-SENSE has biological meaning that can be easily annotated with binned heat plots. We applied One-SENSE to probe relationships between categories of human T cell phenotypes and observed previously unappreciated cellular populations within an orchestrated view of immune cell diversity. The presentation of high-dimensional cytometric data using One-SENSE showed a significant improvement in distinguished T cell diversity compared with the original t-SNE algorithm and could be useful for any high-dimensional dataset.
PigGIS: Pig Genomic Informatics System (2006)

Pig Genomic Information System (PigGIS) is a web-based depository of pig (Sus scrofa) genomic learning mainly engineered for biomedical research to locate pig genes from their human homologs and position single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in different pig populations. It utilizes a variety of sequence data, including whole genome shotgun (WGS) reads and expressed sequence tags (ESTs), and achieves a successful mapping solution to the low-coverage genome problem. With the data presently available, we have identified a total of 15 700 pig consensus sequences covering 18.5 Mb of the homologous human exons. We have also recovered 18 700 SNPs and 20 800 unique 60mer oligonucleotide probes for future pig genome analyses. PigGIS can be freely accessed via the web at http://www.piggis.org/ and http://pig.genomics.org.cn/.
INL Laboratory Scale Atomizer (2010)

A laboratory scale atomizer has been built at the Idaho National Laboratory. This has proven useful for laboratory scale tests and has been used to fabricate fuel used in the RERTR miniplate experiments. This instrument evolved over time with various improvements being made ‘on the fly’ in a trial and error process.
Temperature Dependence of Emission Cross-section of Yb:glass (1997)

The temperature dependence of the emission cross-section of Yb (5 ×10 20 atoms/cm 3 )-doped fluorophosphate glass has been investigated in the temperature range from 77 K to 380 K. The emission cross-section has been evaluated from the measured fluorescence spectra and the lifetime, using the Füchtbauer-Ladenburg formula. A large change in the emission cross-section from about 0.6×10 -20 cm 2 at 380 K to 1.1×10 -20 cm 2 at 77 K was obtained by decreasing the temperature. The effect of reabsorption is found to be significant even at temperatures as low as 160 K which leads to underestimation of the emission cross-section values.
Mortality According to CD4 Count at Start of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Among HIV-infected Patients Followed for up to 15 Years After Start of Treatment: Collaborative Cohort Study (2016)

After surviving 5 years of ART, the mortality of patients who started ART with low baseline CD4 count converged with mortality of patients with intermediate and high baseline CD4 counts.
Green's function retrieval by cross‐correlation in case of one‐sided illumination (2006)

The cross‐correlation of acoustic wave fields at two receivers yields the exact Green's function between these receivers, provided the receivers are surrounded by sources on a closed surface. In most practical situations the sources are located on an open surface and as a consequence the illumination of the receivers is one‐sided. In this Letter we discuss the conditions for accurate Green's function retrieval for the situation of one‐sided illumination. It appears that the Green's function retrieval method benefits from the fact that the earth is inhomogeneous, without relying on assumptions about disorder.