gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evidence for the positive impact of ISO 9001 and ISO 15189 quality systems on laboratory performance – evaluation of immunohaematology external quality assessment results during 19 years in Austria (2018)

Background ISO 9001 and ISO 15189 have been established as continuative models for quality systems beyond national laws, mandatory standards and guidelines of expert associations regarding analytical and organisational performance of medical laboratories and transfusion services. Although widely used, their impact on laboratory performance has not been investigated. Methods We retrospectively analysed the results of 167 laboratories in 59 distributions of the Austrian red cell immunohaematology external quality assessment (EQA) scheme in the years 1999-2017. The performance for each parameter and trends of individual participants were compared with respect to certification or accreditation status of participants' quality systems and to laboratory type. Results Considering more than 52,000 EQA results, the absence or presence of a laboratory quality management system showed different error rates. Laboratories with ISO 9001 or ISO 15189 certification/accreditation had 0.7% incorrect results, while this rate was doubled without such quality systems (1.4%, p=0.0002). Statistically significant error reductions were seen upon ISO 9001/ISO 15189 implementation (1.3% before vs. 0.7% after; p=0.0468). Transfusion services had fewer errors (0.9%) compared to hospital and independent laboratories (both 1.2%). Conclusions Implementation and maintenance of quality systems according to ISO 9001 or ISO 15189 as well as laboratory specialisation result in better analytical performance as can be seen in immunohaematology EQA results. The conclusion is that these results apply to other laboratory tests and perhaps to other areas of health care.
Comparison between ultrafiltration and nanofiltration hollow-fiber membranes for removal of natural organic matter–a pilot study (2015)

Increasing trends of natural organic matter (NOM) in surface water in Nordic countries may cause future problems for drinking water producers. Emerging membrane technology, such as ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF), has the potential to produce safe drinking water of good quality from sources with high organic concentrations. In the present pilot study, surface water from three sources was treated by direct filtration on a hollow fiber ultrafilter (HFUF) and/or a hollow fiber nanofilter (HFNF). UV-absorbance (UVA) and total organic carbon (TOC) showed a high percentage of NOM removal by HFUF/coagulation, with retentions of around 75% for UVA and 55% for the TOC. NOM removal was notably greater by HFNF; with 93% in UVA retention and 88% in TOC retention. Regrettably, the water treated with HFNF retained 20-35% of the desired hardness. HFUF achieved retention comparable to traditional flocculation and sedimentation steps, while HFNF achieved even better removal of NOM. Importantly, results indicate that a membrane process with only an additional polishing step would result in decreased concentrations of NOM in the drinking water, even with higher organic loads in the raw water.
Collaborative work in class rooms with handheld devices using bluetooth and WLAN (2014)

Today's busy life requires us to be connected with others while we are on move. Such mobility incorporated collaborative systems are already available both in proprietary and in open source for personal computers, laptops, and other mobile devices. However, such services and devices could be more effectively used when integrated with class rooms where normally time is utilized in taking attendance, distributing question papers, and marking answer sheets whereas it could be invested in doing more productive learning tasks. We develop an intelligent collaborative environment which is installed quickly on a small network to support mobility within a small range. The mobile node gets itself registered for the service advertised by the server. The implemented system supports class instructors to conduct spot examinations, receive questions from students, taking their attendance within optimum time and in an easier way. Once registered, student mobile node can attempt quizzes, mark his attendance, get lecture reading material, and ask queries from his teacher. We use WLAN as it covers the service throughout the building floor in general. In the scenario of power outage, Bluetooth becomes in action as communication channel.
Optimizing the growth path for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films co-evaporated at low temperatures on flexible polyimide foil (2015)

Thin film solar cells with Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGSe) absorbers prepared by co-evaporation reach efficiencies >20% even on flexible polymer substrates and when deposited at low growth temperatures. The use of flexible polyimide (PI) substrates has advantages in terms of roll-to-roll device fabrication. Also, PI-based devices are extremely light weight and have a shorter energy pay-back time compared to devices on glass substrates. Commercial PI foils, however, only tolerate temperatures below 500°C, which can lead to limitations during deposition by multi-stage co-evaporation with the result of reduced absorber quality and a pronounced Ga gradient. Furthermore PI has no intrinsic alkaline reservoir like soda-lime glass. In the historical development of the CIGSe device, major steps for an improved absorber quality were the introduction of a Cu rich growth phase during the deposition process, the incorporation of Ga to modify energy band gradients and the supply of Na by using sodalime glass substrates. In this work, we adapt these steps to our in-house low-temperature CIGSe technology on PI and show, how we could increase the solar cell efficiency from 12.6% up to 17.9%. Studying the growth dynamics during our multi-stage co-evaporation process at a substrate temperature of 450°C by in-situ real-time energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction and comparing them to the high-temperature grown CIGSe at 530°C underlined the importance of the Cu-rich growth stage for low temperature growth. Then, the Ga depth profile was adjusted by a modified deposition sequence in all stages yielding an increased minimal band-gap energy. The dominant CIGSe XRD pattern was influenced by the Se flux profile, which, hence, needed to be adjusted with respect to the cationic flux rates. Finally, the Na supply was changed from a NaF precursor to a NaF post deposition treatment. An improved performance of the device was observed when the CIGSe thin film was treated with KCN before CdS-CBD deposition. Retracing our learning curve confirms the close intercorrelation of the different device aspects to be optimized.
Effect of 1600°C Heat Treatment on C/SiC Composites Fabricated by Polymer Infiltration and Pyrolysis with Allylhydridopolycarbosilane (2002)

Fiber‐coating debonding observed by transmission electron microscopy is suggested as the cause for an ∼60% reduction in strength after one cycle of 1600°C heat treatment in a carbon/silicon carbide (C/SiC) composite fabricated by polymer infiltration and pyrolysis with pure allylhydridopolycarbosilane polymer as the matrix precursor. Infiltration with a slurry of SiC powder and the polymer precursor was effective in preserving the coating integrity and composite strength. This study demonstrates that the addition of powder in polymer infiltration and pyrolysis process may impact composite mechanical properties significantly by altering the fiber‐matrix interface characteristics.
Electronically Tunable Microwave Bandpass Filters (1982)

Combline filters with novel input and output coupling networks which enable broad-band tuning to be achieved with minimum degradation in passband performance are discussed. Explicit design formulas for these filters are presented. Computer analysis of varactor tuned combine bandpass filters including the small signal varactor equivalent circuit is presented enabling filter performance to be easily evaluated. The design and experimental performance of a varactor tuned combline filter, realized in suspended substrate stripline is described. This filter toned from 3.2 GHz to 4.9 GHz exhibited low passband insertion loss and its performance was is close agreement with theoretical expectations.
An Improved Algorithm of Triangle Mesh Simplification Based on Re tiling (1998)

Triangle mesh simplification based on re tiling is an automatic method for creating models at multiple levels of detail. Its basic idea is to distribute a set of new points onto original mesh based on the local geometry and topology features of triangle mesh, create an intermediate mesh, remove old vertex from the intermediate mesh, retriangulate the holes left by removal of old vertex, then new triangle mesh containing new points is created. In this paper, the authors present a new method for distributing new points, using the curvature at the vertices of triangle and the area of triangle. Examples illustrate efficiency of the algorithm.
Mutagenecity of vinyl chloride monomer (1977)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Identification of a Gene Associated with Bt Resistance in Heliothis virescens (2001)

Transgenic crops producing insecticidal toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are widely used for pest control. Bt-resistant insect strains have been studied, but the molecular basis of resistance has remained elusive. Here, we show that disruption of a cadherin-superfamily gene by retrotransposon-mediated insertion was linked to high levels of resistance to the Bt toxin Cry1Ac in the cotton pest Heliothis virescens. Monitoring the early phases of Bt resistance evolution in the field has been viewed as crucial but extremely difficult, especially when resistance is recessive. Our findings enable efficient DNA-based screening for resistant heterozygotes by directly detecting the recessive allele.
Moving data in DTNs with HTTP and MIME (2009)

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) provide a simple way to describe the type of data sent and its use. Email and the Web use MIME extensively to carry different files. The Hypertext Transfer protocol (HTTP) is universally recognized as a straightforward method to carry MIME objects as binary streams. Taking MIME and HTTP as a starting point, and adopting the well-understood need for different `convergence layers' to carry HTTP in different challenged environments where TCP may not be suitable, this paper outlines work in progress to run HTTP over different transports, and how this can be used to create a simple, yet powerful, approach to relaying content in delay- and disruption-tolerant networks (DTNs).
[Mechanical and functional predictive factors for restenosis and arterial remodeling after experimental angioplasty]. (2001)

Arterial remodelling plays an important part in post-angioplasty restenosis but the physiopathology of this process is not fully understood. Abundant collagen synthesis and endothelial dysfunction have been demonstrated after angioplasty, but their role in restenosis and remodelling has not been studied. The aim of this study was therefore to assess endothelial function and collagen with respect to the severity of restenosis and the type of arterial remodelling. Atherosclerosis was induced by an association of endothelial abrasion and a high cholesterol diet in the femoral arteries of 22 white New Zealand rabbits. Four weeks later, angioplasty was performed. The acetylcholine endothelium-dependant vasomotricity (expressed as % inhibition of contraction to phenylephrine), collagen and morphology were assessed 28 days after angioplasty. The change in acetylcholine endothelium-dependant vasomotricity was greater in severe restenosis (r = 0.61, p = 0.02). Endothelium-dependant relaxation was not significantly altered when remodelling was expansive and very abnormal when it was constrictive (35.5 +/- 13.0 vs 3.7 +/- 7.9%; p = 0.04). Restenosis was associated with an increase in collagen (r = 0.69, p = 0.004). The density of collagen was significantly higher in constrictive remodelling than in expansive remodelling (34.5 +/- 4.5 vs 18.2 +/- 4.7%; p = 0.03). Endothelial dysfunction and collagen accumulation are correlated with the severity of restenosis and with constrictive remodelling after angioplasty in an experimental model.
IFATS Collection: The Conditioned Media of Adipose Stromal Cells Protect Against Hypoxia-Ischemia-Induced Brain Damage in Neonatal Rats (2008)

Adipose tissue stroma contains a population of mesenchymal stem cells, which support repair when administered to damaged tissues, in large part through secreted trophic factors. We directly tested the ability of media collected from cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) to protect neurons in a rat model of brain hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury. Concentrated conditioned medium from cultured rat ASCs (ASC-CM) or control medium was infused through the jugular vein of neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to HI injury. The ASC-CM was administered either 1 hour before or 24 hours after induction of injury. Analysis at 1 week indicated that administration at both time points significantly protected against hippocampal and cortical volume loss. Analysis of parallel groups for behavioral and learning changes at 2 months postischemia demonstrated that both treated groups performed significantly better than the controls in Morris water maze functional tests. Subsequent post-mortem evaluation of brain damage at the 2-month time point confirmed neuronal loss to be similar to that observed at 1 week for all groups. We have identified several neurotrophic factors in ASC-CM, particularly insulin-like growth factor-1 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which are important factors that could contribute to the protective effects of ASCs observed in studies with both in vitro and in vivo neuronal injury models. These data suggest that delivery of the milieu of factors secreted by ASCs may be a viable therapeutic option for treatment of HI, as well as other brain injuries.
Single channel noise reduction based on an auditory filterbank (2014)

Many noise reduction algorithms are designed in the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) domain. The STFT analysis results in frequency bands with a constant bandwidth. In contrast, perceptually motivated analysis-resynthesis filterbanks, such as the Gammatone filterbank, result in a higher frequency resolution in low frequencies as compared to high frequencies. This variable frequency resolution goes along with a changed temporal resolution and thus potentially different temporal correlations in the different frequency bands. In this paper, we design a noise power spectral density estimator at the output of a Gammatone filterbank. For this, we employ the state-of-the-art speech presence probability based estimator [13]. While [13] was designed in the STFT domain, in this paper the parameters of [13] are adjusted based on a statistical analysis of the changed temporal correlation at the output of the Gammatone filters. The proposed approach yields a comparable instrumentally predicted quality as the STFT-based baseline approach and thus allows for the integration of noise reduction with other algorithms that work in a perceptually motivated spectral domain.
Recent progress in outdoor sound propagation prediction by the parabolic equation method (1991)

During the past 5 years significant progress has been made in predicting long-range sound propagation in the atmosphere using numerical methods based on the parabolic approximation to the Helmholtz equation. The theory for the parabolic approximation is discussed starting from the one-way wave approximation to the two-way (Helmholtz) wave equation. The application of the theory for practical numerical algorithms is briefly reviewed, and some results are presented for sound propagation in a turbulent atmosphere. Finally, a new Green's function approach to the parabolic equation is presented. The new method is approximately 100 times faster than existing parabolic equation methods for outdoor sound propagation. Hence the new algorithm has the potential for useful calculations in the field using a desktop computer. [Work supported by NASA.]
Importance of fat as a support nutrient for energy: Metabolism of athletes (1991)

The two main fuels for muscle metabolism are carbohydrate and fat. There is a limited store of carbohydrate in the body but this is not the case with fat. The average lean man has about 15% of his body weight as fat, whereas the average lean women has about 25% of her body weight as fat. Male and female endurance athletes have only about 7-10% of their body weights as fat. Sedentary people consume diets which contain about 35-40% of their energy intake as fat. The recommended intake of fat in the diet of active and sedentary people is less than that percentage. Although there is a need to increase carbohydrate intake as part of the preparation for heavy training and competition there is no need to supplement the normal diet with additional fat. Fat is mobilized from adipose tissue in response to stimulation of an intracellular lipase by the catecholamines. The products of the hydrolysis of triglycerides, the storage form of fat, are fatty acids and glycerol. The 'free' fatty acids are transported to muscle in loose combination with plasma albumin where they are released and taken up and oxidized. Glycerol is not used directly as a substrate but undergoes gluconeogenesis in the liver. This process helps restock liver glycogen stores which, in turn, provides glucose as a fuel for the central nervous system and for muscle metabolism. Training increases the capacity of skeletal muscles to use fat as an energy source. An increase in fat metabolism during prolonged exercise has a glycogen sparing effect and as such improves endurance capacity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Reconstructing jaw defects with MSCs and PLGA-encapsulated growth factors. (2016)

Cell and growth factor-based tissue engineering has shown great potentials for skeletal regeneration. This study tested its feasibility in reconstructing large mandibular defects and compared the efficacy of varied construction materials and sealing methods. Bilateral mandibular critical-size (5-cm(3)) defects were created on six 4-month-old domestic pigs, and grafted with β-tricalcium phosphate (βTCP) only (Group-A), βTCP with autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) (Group-B), and βTCP with BM-MSCs and biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres containing bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (Group-C). The buccal sides of Groups-B/-C were either sealed by fibrin sealant or by a biodegradable PLGA barrier membrane before soft-tissue closure. Computed tomography (CT), microCT and histology analyses were performed 12 weeks postoperatively. In vitro data demonstrated that BM-MSCs, with MSC properties confirmed, remained vital after integration with βTCP; and PLGA microspheres exhibited an initial burst followed by slow and continuous release of growth factors over a period of 28 days. In vivo data demonstrated that Group-B/-C sites had significantly greater gap obliteration, higher tissue mineral densities and more residual βTCP granules (p<0.05, Kruskal-Wallis tests). Qualitatively, Group-B/-C defect sites had started remodeling while Group-A sites were mainly forming new bone to bridge the gaps. Furthermore, βTCP degradation was not mediated by macrophages or osteoclasts, and was significantly slowed down by sealing the defects with barrier membrane. Combined, these data present a promising formulation composed of βTCP granules, autologous MSCs, controlled-release growth factors and biodegradable PLGA barrier membrane for the reconstruction of critical-size mandibular defects.
Isolation and Cytotoxic Activity of Selaginellin Derivatives and Biflavonoids fromSelaginella tamariscina (2012)

Five selaginellin derivatives, including two new selaginellins termed selaginellins M (1) and N (2), and three previously identified compounds, selaginellin (3), selaginellin A (4), and selaginellin C (5), were isolated from the Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring plant. In addition, four known biflavonoids, namely neocryptomerin ( 6), hinokiflavone (7), pulvinatabiflavone (8), and 7''- O-methylamentoflavone (9), were also isolated. The structures of new compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. The cytotoxic activity of compounds 1- 9 was evaluated against a small panel of human cancer cell lines, including U251 (human glioma cells), HeLa (human cervical carcinoma cells), and MCF-7 (human breast cancer cells). The two new selaginellins, selaginellins M (1) and N (2), showed medium activity against the human cancer cell lines.
Hydrodechlorination of 1,2-dichloroethane on Pd-Ag catalysts supported on texture-tailored materials (2004)

peer reviewed
Stereoselective control in the Staudinger reactions involving monosubstituted ketenes with electron acceptor substituents: experimental investigation and theoretical rationalization (2010)

The stereoselectivity of the Staudinger reactions involving monosubstituted ketenes with electron acceptor substituents was investigated experimentally by determination of the product stereochemistry and theoretically via DFT calculations. The results indicate that imines preferentially attack the less sterically hindered exo-side of the ketenes to generate zwitterionic intermediates. Subsequently, for cyclic imines, the intermediates undergo a conrotatory ring closure directly to produce β-lactams, while for linear imines, the imine moiety of the intermediates isomerizes to more stable intermediates, which further undergo a conrotatory ring closure to afford trans-β-lactams. The steric hindrance and the isomerization, rather than the torquoelectronic effect, play crucial roles in controlling the stereoselectivity in the practical Staudinger reactions involving monosubstituted ketenes with electron acceptor substituents, although the unaccessible borylketene with a powerful electron acceptor group controls the stereoselectivity torquoelectronically, in theory.
Rheology and curing kinetics of fumed silica/cyanate ester nanocomposites (2008)

Abstract A low‐viscosity bisphenol E cyanate ester (BECy) monomer was combined with fumed silica with average primary particle diameters of 12 and 40 nm to form high‐temperature adhesives with processability at ambient temperatures. Rheological evaluation revealed that for silica loadings below 15 vol%, suspensions of both particle sizes exhibited shear thinning and thixotropic behavior. Samples with high silica loadings (&gt;15 vol%) of 40‐nm silica also showed intense shear thickening at shear rates above 10 s −1 . Thixotropy was most pronounced for the 12‐nm silica, but the formation of a gel was slow, indicating that the polar nature of the BECy monomer was responsible for disrupting hydrogen bonds between silica particles. Rheokinetic evaluation of catalyzed samples showed that increasing silica content reduced gel time and increased gel viscosity, and this effect was most pronounced for the 12‐nm silica. Differential scanning calorimetry confirmed that the silica's hydroxyl groups have a minor catalytic effect on the polymerization kinetics, such that the activation energies of the catalyzed suspensions were decreased with increased nanoparticle loading and decreased particle size. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers