gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimizing a high performance 32-bit processor for programmable logic (2005)

Summary form only given. Altera's SOPC Builder Tool enables engineers to create tailor-made systems in an FPGA with a short development cycle; one of the most popular components in SOPC Builder is Altera's NIOS II processor. As well as ease of use and flexibility, the NIOS II family of processors offers up to 200 DMIPs of performance and can cost as little as 35 cents worth of programmable logic. This high level of performance has been achieved by tailoring the processor architecture to fully exploit the FPGA resources used. Logic, registers, memory, and multipliers have different relative costs in an FPGA when compared to an ASIC; in an FPGA, registers and memories are relatively cheap, whereas logic and in particular, the implementation of multiplexers can be of relatively high cost. These cost differences have an influence on how engineers should design for FPGAs, and defined the design of NIOS II at the architectural level. This paper presents some novel techniques for implementing multiplexers and barrel-shifters efficiently, using the NIOS II processor as an example. These techniques are useful for improving FPGA designs in general, and have typically lead to area reductions and performance improvements of 20%.
Speed up of effective SINR mapping calculations for system level simulations (2007)

This paper proposes a method to speed up system level simulations by means of link performance model simplification. The simplified model for effective SINR mapping demonstrates sufficiently accurate results in MIMO-OFDM system level simulations. The suggested model offers effective reduction of quality measures to be taken into compression. The simulation results show that proposed simplification can significantly reduce required CPU time with reasonably small mean squared error between effective SINR value calculated from all quality measures and effective SINR value calculated from reduced number of quality measures. (6 pages)
Tularämie – eine seltene Differentialdiagnose von Infektionen im HNO-Gebiet (2022)

Ein 31-jähriger Mann stellte sich mit Fieber, Lymphknotenschwellung rechts zervikal sowie Odynophagie vor. Bei Peritonsillarabszess rechts erfolgte die Tonsillektomie á chaud. Unter i.v.-antibiotischer Therapie zeigte sich die Lymphknotenschwellung rechts nicht regredient. Im CT-Hals konnte ein eingeschmolzener Lymphknoten identifiziert werden, welcher operativ entfernt wurde. Hier erfolgte der Nachweis von Francisella tularensis.
P1370 Correlation of aortic stenosis by integrated transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography with calcium score (2020)

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements None BACKGROUND Aortic stenosis (AS) classification depends on left-ventricular ejection-fraction (LVEF &amp;lt;≥50%), aortic valve area (AVA&amp;lt;≥1cm2), mean pressure gradient (MG&amp;lt;≥40mmHg), peak velocity&amp;lt;≥400 cm/sec, and stroke-volume index (SVI&amp;lt;≥35ml/m2). Aortic Valve Agatston CT score (AVC) correlates with AS severity by trans-thoracic echo (TTE), but its association with AS severity determined by integrated TTE and TEE is unknown. PURPOSE We investigated correlation of AVC with dichotomous AS grouping by Integrated TTE + TEE vs TTE only. METHODS 64 TAVI candidates underwent sequential TTE and TEE, of which 24 underwent coronary CT within 4 months. Based on recommended conservative vs invasive treatment implication (A/B respectively), AS types were aggregated separately by TTE or Integrated TTE-TEE into two groups: Group-A (Moderate AS and Normal-Flow Low-Gradient), and Group-B (High-Gradient, Low-EF Low-Flow Low-Gradient, and Paradoxical Low-Flow Low-Gradient). Continuous and dichotomous AVC correlation (cutoffs based on guidelines) with echo binary classification was then determined. RESULTS Patients were 81.1(77.3-84.6) years old, 18(48.6%) were women, and had LVEF of 60% (49-65). AVC-score distribution in the two AS A/B Groups by two echo modalities is presented in the boxplot Figure. Only classification by TTE held discriminative accuracy in A/B grouping, with Area-Under-Curve of 0.736 (CI 0.57-0.9), and optimal threshold value of 1946 AU having 77% sensitivity and 74% specificity. Compared with AVC dichotomous classification, integrated TTE + TEE upgraded AS class (from A to B) in 5/6 (83.3%) patients vs 12/18 (66.7%) in which it downgraded AS class from B to A. CONCLUSIONS Aortic valve calcification correlates well with AS class dichotomized by operative implication through conventional TTE but not through integrated TTE + TEE. Our preliminary results appear to be caused by initial selection bias of patients in whom coronary CT performance was deemed to be justified by the treating physician rather than reflect a true better correlation between CT score and AS assessment by TTE vs by integrated TTE + TEE. Abstract P1370 Figure.
Unified Truss-Arch Model for the Analysis of Bending-Shear Interaction in Reinforced Concrete Members (2022)

The compatibility strut-and-tie method (C-STM) is a well-established nonlinear modeling tool to efficiently and accurately predict the overall load–deformation response of shear-critical RC members subjected to combined bending and shear. Such a high-performance tool, however, is computationally demanding. In this paper, a simplified limit analysis model based on C-STM is presented to predict the load-carrying capacity of RC beams. Amenable for hand methods of analysis, the approach is called the truss-arch model unified (TAMU). The TAMU approach accounts for the failure mechanism of the diagonal concrete strut that is softened because of the transverse tensile strain. Instead of providing overall force–deformation behavior, this model focuses on evaluating the ultimate load-carrying capacity by assuming the failure mechanism occurs when the principal diagonal strut reaches its softened strength in shear-critical beams. An explicit equation for the principal strain ratio is derived to evaluate the softened concrete strength and is used to develop formulas for the ultimate load-carrying capacity. The validity of the formulas is verified through a comparison of the predicted ultimate load-carrying capacities with maximum measured strengths from previous experimental results on large-scale physical tests representing bridge piers. The TAMU approach is then compared with other code-based strength analysis methods and shows better predictions of the maximum load-carrying capacity.
Integrating multiple genomic technologies to investigate an outbreak of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacter hormaechei (2020)

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) represent an urgent threat to human health. Here we report the application of several complementary whole-genome sequencing (WGS) technologies to characterise a hospital outbreak of bla<sub>IMP-4</sub> carbapenemase-producing E. hormaechei. Using Illumina sequencing, we determined that all outbreak strains were sequence type 90 (ST90) and near-identical. Comparison to publicly available data linked all outbreak isolates to a 2013 isolate from the same ward, suggesting an environmental source in the hospital. Using Pacific Biosciences sequencing, we resolved the complete context of the bla<sub>IMP-4</sub> gene on a large IncHI2 plasmid carried by all IMP-4-producing strains across different hospitals. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing of environmental samples also found evidence of ST90 E. hormaechei and the IncHI2 plasmid within the hospital plumbing. Finally, Oxford Nanopore sequencing rapidly resolved the true relationship of subsequent isolates to the initial outbreak. Overall, our strategic application of three WGS technologies provided an in-depth analysis of the outbreak.
Dielectric investigations and theoretical calculations of size effect in lead titanate nanocrystals (2006)

The dielectric properties of nanograin ferroelectric lead titanate crystals are presented. The PbTiO3 samples were prepared by pressing nanopowders into plates and were studied experimentally by dielectric permittivity measurements in a wide frequency and temperature range. The TC dependence obtained showed a critical change of behavior with increasing mean nanoparticle size in the 9-nm region. The theoretical calculations based on Monte Carlo simulation were performed to describe the behavior of this material. It was shown that the distribution of nanoparticle sizes in the sample taken into account with the Monte Carlo method describes the dielectric properties of PbTiO3 nanocrystals quite well.
Thomas Halyburton (1952)

Converging lines of thought suggest that it may be timely to revive the memory of the ‘great, little man’, Thomas Halyburton. There is a new emphasis on the distinction between the knowledge of hearsay and the knowledge of the heart (the distinction which Robert Barclay had in mind when he contrasted ‘the saving heart-knowledge’ with ‘the soaring, airy head-knowledge’). A whole school of thought has grown up around the importance of the I-Thou relation. Karl Heim made a particularly notable contribution to the discussion of the theological problem uncovered by this philosophy, namely the question to what extent our knowledge of God is analogous with our knowledge of the other person; and in his God Transcendent he underlines the fact that, when we pass from one ‘dimension’ of thought to another, it is not by the way of syllogistic reasoning, but by a species of illumination. Side by side with this movement of thought has gone an increasing interest in the work of Wilhelm Dilthey, who, drawing a sharp distinction between the natural sciences on the one hand and the humanistic studies on the other, sums up his wide and stimulating research in the principle, ‘We explain nature; but we understand the human spirit’.
Phenotyping of Human Melanoma Cells Reveals a Unique Composition of Receptor Targets and a Subpopulation Co-Expressing ErbB4, EPO-R and NGF-R (2014)

Malignant melanoma is a life-threatening skin cancer increasingly diagnosed in the western world. In advanced disease the prognosis is grave. Growth and metastasis formation in melanomas are regulated by a network of cytokines, cytokine-receptors, and adhesion molecules. However, little is known about surface antigens and target expression profiles in human melanomas. We examined the cell surface antigen profile of human skin melanoma cells by multicolor flow cytometry, and compared their phenotype with 4 melanoma cell lines (A375, 607B, Mel-Juso, SK-Mel28). Melanoma cells were defined as CD45-/CD31- cells co-expressing one or more melanoma-related antigens (CD63, CD146, CD166). In most patients, melanoma cells exhibited ErbB3/Her3, CD44/Pgp-1, ICAM-1/CD54 and IGF-1-R/CD221, but did not express CD20, ErbB2/Her2, KIT/CD117, AC133/CD133 or MDR-1/CD243. Melanoma cell lines were found to display a similar phenotype. In most patients, a distinct subpopulation of melanoma cells (4-40%) expressed the erythropoietin receptor (EPO-R) and ErbB4 together with PD-1 and NGF-R/CD271. Both the EPO-R+ and EPO-R- subpopulations produced melanoma lesions in NOD/SCID IL-2Rgamma(null) (NSG) mice in first and secondary recipients. Normal skin melanocytes did not express ErbB4 or EPO-R, but expressed a functional KIT receptor (CD117) as well as NGF-R, ErbB3/Her3, IGF-1-R and CD44. In conclusion, melanoma cells display a unique composition of surface target antigens and cytokine receptors. Malignant transformation of melanomas is accompanied by loss of KIT and acquisition of EPO-R and ErbB4, both of which are co-expressed with NGF-R and PD-1 in distinct subfractions of melanoma cells. However, expression of EPO-R/ErbB4/PD-1 is not indicative of a selective melanoma-initiating potential.
Supplementary Figure 4 from A Small Molecule Reacts with the p53 Somatic Mutant Y220C to Rescue Wild-type Thermal Stability (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S4: Ligand electron density maps (A) 1σ 2Fo-Fc electron density map and 1.5σ Fo-Fc simulated annealing omit density map for KG3. (B) 1σ 2Fo-Fc electron density map and 1.5σ Fo-Fc simulated annealing omit density map for KG6. (C) 1σ 2Fo-Fc electron density map and 1.5σ Fo-Fc simulated annealing omit density map for KG10. (D) 1σ 2Fo-Fc electron density map and 1.5σ Fo-Fc simulated annealing omit density map for KG13. (E) Allosteric stabilization by KG6. D228 makes intramolecular contacts with V147 amine rather through a small molecule directly.&lt;/p&gt;
Laboratory Automation in the Chemical Indus (2002)

Featuring extensive calculations and examples, this reference discusses theoretical and practical aspects of short-circuit currents in ac and dc systems, load flow, and harmonic analyses to provide a sound knowledge base for modern computer-based studies that can be utilized in real-world applications. Presenting more than 2300 figures, tables, and equations, the author explores matrix methods for network solutions and includes load flow and optimization techniques. He discusses ac and dc short-circuit systems calculations in accordance with standards set by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
Fungi growing on aromatic hydrocarbons: biotechnology's unexpected encounter with biohazard? (2005)

The biodegradation of aromatic hydrocarbons by fungi has traditionally been considered to be of a cometabolic nature. Recently, however, an increasing number of fungi isolated from air biofilters exposed to hydrocarbon-polluted gas streams have been shown to assimilate volatile aromatic hydrocarbons as the sole source of carbon and energy. The biosystematics, ecology, and metabolism of such fungi are reviewed here, based in part on re-evaluation of a collection of published hydrocarbon-degrading isolates obtained from authors around the world. Incorrect or outdated identifications in original publications are corrected by ribosomal DNA sequence analysis. The data show that many volatile-hydrocarbon-degrading strains are closely related to, or in some cases clearly conspecific with, the very restricted number of human-pathogenic fungal species causing severe mycoses, especially neurological infections, in immunocompetent individuals. Neurochemistry features a distinctive array of phenolic and aliphatic compounds that are related to molecules involved in the metabolism of aromatic hydrocarbons. Hence, there may be physiological connections between hydrocarbon assimilation and certain patterns of mammalian infection.
GPS integrity monitoring for an intelligent transport system (2013)

The integrity of positioning systems has become an increasingly important requirement for location-based ITS applications, such as electronic toll collection, pay-as-you-drive and traffic control systems. GPS receivers are used to provide vehicle position and velocity data. However, GPS cannot provide the high quality positioning information required by ITS applications due to atmospheric effects , receiver measurement errors, and multipath errors. In addition, some ITS applications, such as traffic law enforcement systems (e.g., speed fining), have legal or economic consequences and require integrity in both position and speed information. Therefore, the integrity of GPS data is required to guarantee that navigation systems will not produce misleading or faulty information. Instead, to achieve the integrity goal, systems should warn the user if there is a potential error in the GPS data. In this paper, a new technique for providing high integrity GPS information for land vehicle monitoring systems is proposed. The proposed method provides a three level integrity check. Each level uses a different technique to check the consistency of the GPS information. A receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) algorithm is used to measure the quality of GPS positioning output. GPS Doppler information is used to check the integrity of vehicle velocity, which adds a new layer of integrity and could improve the performance of the map matching process. The final level in the integrity check requires confirming the integrity of the map matching algorithm.
Experimentally Generating Faults in Rolling Element Bearings Via Shaft Current (2005)

The purpose of this research is to develop a method for experimentally generating in situ bearing faults. To motivate this topic, experimental results are provided that illustrate how the act of removing and replacing test bearings drastically alters the machine vibration and stator current spectral characteristics. Based on this observation, a method is developed that employs an externally applied shaft current to initiate and progress a bearing fault in an accelerated timeframe. This experimental method begins with a new, undamaged bearing and progresses it throughout its entire lifecycle in situ. The test machine is a standard induction motor that can be interfaced with any load and operate at any arbitrary speed or load level throughout the bearing failure process. Data generated by this experimental method can then be used to evaluate the performance of various bearing condition monitoring schemes.
Possible effects of prostaglandin (PGE2) on hypothalamo-hypophyseal-gonadal axis in male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). (1982)

The effect of hypothalamo-hypophyseal-gonadal axis of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) administered in a dose of 500 micrograms/kg body weight/day for 15 days to adult monkeys is reported. It altered the functional integrity of the testis and accessory sex organs as reflected by the changes in the estimations of the alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, succinic dehydrogenase in the testis, sialic acids in caput and cauda epididymis, citric acid in the seminal vesicles, and fructose in the prostate and seminal vesicles. Histologically, PGE2 produced a marked decrease in the sperm count and an increase in the number of and size of exfoliated granulocytes was observed, which might have been due to the stimulatory effect of PGE2 on gonadotrophin release. The alterations induced in the electroencephalograph also suggest an involvement of hypothalamic mechanisms for gonadotrophin release, for which certain plausible explanations have been provided. The results suggest that the changes in reproductive parameters might be a consequence of endocrinological and functional disturbance induced by PGE2 and there is a strong likelihood of involvement of hypothalamo-pituitary integration in this complex.
Axial-symmetric transmission gauge: Extension of its pressure measuring range and reduction of the electron stimulated desorption ion effect in ultrahigh vacuum (2005)

The basic characteristics of the axial-symmetric transmission gauge (AT gauge), that were modified for measurement over a wide pressure range, are reported. A Faraday cup ion collector is used instead of a secondary electron multiplier to extend the measurable pressure range to 10−3Pa. The sensitivity of the gauge was determined by a conductance modulation method, and by direct comparison against an extractor gauge and a spinning rotor gauge as well. When operating in O2, there was systematic disagreement between pressure readings with the AT gauge and the extractor gauge. This is due to the difference in the elimination efficiency of the electron stimulated desorption ion.
A Novel, Low Power Biosensor for Real Time Monitoring of Creatinine and Urea in Peritoneal Dialysis (2006)

Abstract Novel biosensors, based on immobilized creatininase, creatinase and urease are developed, using ISFETs with weak inversion at pH 6–8 and 37.0 °C. The ISFETs with circuitry, demonstrate a linear relationship of urea and creatinine at the range of 0–200 and 0–20 mM, respectively. Preliminary results show that biosensors operating in weak inversion mode can eliminate many of the disadvantages of ISFETs operating in the strong inversion region, providing a wide dynamic range output in nanoAmp. Such characteristics fit the analytical requirements for improving real-time monitoring in peritoneal dialysis (PD). Further work covers stability of ISFET sensors biased with CMOS circuits in the weak inversion mode working in the room temperature of 15–40 °C.
Composite cavity semiconductor fiber ring laser (2000)

A passive subring cavity that served as mode selector was inserted into a semiconductor fiber ring laser to generate a stable lasing spectrum. A narrow linewidth of less than 10 kHz with unidirectional operation in the composite cavity ring laser was achieved. Tuning over a range of 20 nm was obtained by application of 0-30 V dc to a piezoelectric transducer in the subring cavity.
Data from TC1 (C8orf4) Enhances the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway by Relieving Antagonistic Activity of Chibby (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The Wnt/β-catenin pathway has been implicated in human cancers. Here, we show that TC1 (C8orf4), a small protein present in vertebrates, functions as a positive regulator of the pathway. TC1 interacts with Chibby (Cby) and thereby enhances the signaling pathway by relieving the antagonistic function of Cby on the β-catenin–mediated transcription. Upon coexpression in mammalian cells, TC1 redistributes from nucleolus to nuclear speckles, where it colocalizes with Cby. TC1 up-regulates the expression of β-catenin target genes that are implicated in invasiveness and aggressive behavior of cancers, such as metalloproteinases, laminin γ2, and others. Our data indicate that TC1 is a novel upstream regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway that enhances aggressive behavior of cancers. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(2): 723-8)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Contrast‐enhanced specific absorption rate‐efficient 3D cardiac cine with respiratory‐triggered radiofrequency gating (2012)

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the use of radiofrequency (RF) gating in conjunction with a paramagnetic contrast agent to reduce the specific absorption rate (SAR) and increase the blood‐myocardium contrast in balanced steady‐state free precession (bSSFP) 3D cardiac cine. Materials and Methods: RF gating was implemented by synchronizing the RF‐excitation with an external respiratory sensor (bellows), which could additionally be used for respiratory gating. For reference, respiratory‐gated 3D cine images were acquired without RF gating. Free‐breathing 3D cine images were acquired in eight healthy subjects before and after contrast injection (Gd‐BOPTA) and compared to breath‐hold 2D cine. Results: RF‐gated 3D cine reduced the SAR by nearly 40% without introducing significant artifacts while providing left ventricle (LV) measurements similar to those obtained with 2D cine. The contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) was significantly higher for 3D cine compared to 2D cine, both before and after contrast injection; however, no statistically significant CNR increase was observed for the postcontrast 3D cine compared to the precontrast acquisitions. Conclusion: Respiratory‐triggered RF gating significantly reduces SAR in 3D cine acquisitions, which may enable a more widespread clinical use of 3D cine. Furthermore, CNR of 3D bSSFP cine is higher than of 2D and administration of Gd‐BOPTA does not improve the CNR of 3D cine. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;37:986–992. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.