gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The ‘Achilles Heel’ of Metabolism in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Glutaminase Inhibition as a Rational Treatment Strategy (2019)

An important hallmark of cancer is 'metabolic reprogramming' or the rewiring of cellular metabolism to support rapid cell proliferation [1-5]. Metabolic reprogramming through oncometabolite-mediated transformation or activation of oncogenes in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) globally impacts energy production as well as glucose and glutamine utilization in RCC cells, which can promote dependence on glutamine supply to support cell growth and proliferation [6, 7]. Novel inhibitors of glutaminase, a key enzyme in glutamine metabolism, target glutamine addiction as a viable treatment strategy in metastatic RCC (mRCC). Here, we review glutamine metabolic pathways and how changes in cellular glutamine utilization enable the progression of RCC. This overview provides scientific rationale for targeting this pathway in patients with mRCC. We will summarize the current understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying anti-tumor efficacy of glutaminase inhibitors in RCC, provide an overview of clinical efforts targeting glutaminase in mRCC, and review approaches for identifying biomarkers for patient stratification and detecting therapeutic response early on in patients treated with this novel class of anti-cancer drug. Ultimately, results of ongoing clinical trials will demonstrate whether glutaminase inhibition can be a worthy addition to the current armamentarium of drugs used for patients with mRCC.
Study and test of an active thermosiphon experimental set-up to validate Super-FRS dipoles cooling system (2019)

International audience
Bootstrapping Consistency Method for Optimal Gene Selection from Microarray Gene Expression Data for Classification Problems (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Consistency Modeling and Gene Selection Methods Cancer Diagnosis Experiments Summary Acknowledgment References
Power control using steffensen iterations for CDMA systems with beamforming or multiuser detection (2005)

We present an accelerated power control algorithm applicable for CDMA based communications systems employing advanced uplink receiver techniques such as beamforming or multiuser detection. The proposed algorithm operates a fixed point power control algorithm accelerated by utilizing Aitken's /spl Delta//sub 2/-process (also known as Steffensen's method) that is merged with linear MMSE filtering. The linear MMSE filter either performs beamforming or multiuser detection. The proposed algorithm shows asymptotically quadratic convergence and is benchmarked against Newton's method. We further evaluate a lower bound on the Lipshitz constant which can be used to ensure convergence of the proposed algorithm. Numerical results are given for a fully deployed sectorized UMTS network with MMSE multiuser detection. Beside its employment within CDMA based communication systems, the proposed algorithm can also be utilized for the acceleration of computational intensive network simulations.
Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl and bis(trimethylsilyl)amido complexes of the di- and trivalent lanthanides (1982)

The reaction of the divalent iodides YbI/sub 2/ and EuI/sub 2/ with NaN(SiMe/sub 3/)/sub 2/ has provided pentane-soluble, monomeric derivatives of the divalent lanthanides. These compounds are isolated as the solvated species Eu(N(SiMe/sub 3/)/sub 2/)/sub 2/L/sub 2/ (L = thf or 1,2-dme), Yb(N(SiMe/sub 3/)/sub 2/)/sub 2/(thf)/sub 1/ /sub 5/ and Yb(N(SiMe/sub 3/)/sub 2/)/sub 2/L/sub 2/ (L = 1,2-dme or OEt/sub 2/), or as the sodium salts NaM(N(SiMe/sub 3/)/sub 2/)/sub 3/ (M = Eu or Yb). The pentamethylcyclopentadienyl ligand has been used to obtain trivalent derivatives of the type (C/sub 5/Me/sub 5/)/sub 2/MCl/sub 2/M'L/sub x/ (M = Nd, Sm or Yb; M' = Li or Na; L = OEt/sub 2/ or tmed) or (C/sub 5/Me/sub 5/)/sub 2/MCl(thf) (M = Nd or Yb). These compounds undergo metathesis reactions. The interaction of NaC/sub 5/Me/sub 5/ with EuCl/sub 3/ yields only the divalent (C/sub 5/Me/sub 5/)/sub 2/EuL (L = thf or OEt/sub 2/). Analogous compounds of ytterbium are obtained by reaction of YbI/sub 2/ with NaC/sub 5/Me/sub 5/ in thf or OEt/sub 2/. The ytterbium amine complexes are weakly paramagnetic, apparently due to charge transfer from ytterbium to the aromatic rings. The divalent phosphine complexes (C/sub 5/Me/sub 5/)/sub 2/ML (M = Eu or Yb; L = dmpe or dmpm) are also described. Crystallographic data are summarized.
Atomic Scissors: A New Method of Tracking the 5-Bromo-2′-Deoxyuridine-Labeled DNA In Situ (2012)

A new method of the light microscopy detection of BrdU-labeled DNA in situ is described. It is based on the oxidative attack at the deoxyribose moiety by copper(I) in the presence of oxygen, which leads to the abstraction of hydrogen atom from deoxyribose culminating in the elimination of the nucleobase, scission of the nucleic-acid strand and formation of frequent gaps. The gaps allow the reaction of the antibodies with the commonly used markers of replication (e.g. 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine), which are otherwise masked. The method developed makes it possible to detect nuclear and mitochondrial DNA replication efficiently. In most cases, it does not inhibit effective protein detections and in addition enables simultaneous localization of newly-synthesized RNA. The alternative presently-used methods result in protein denaturation and/or extensive DNA cleavage followed by the DNA-bound proteins peeling off.
Desflurane and Isoflurane Exert Modest Beneficial Actions on Left Ventricular Diastolic Function during Myocardial Ischemia in Dogs (1995)

The results indicate that increases in contractility of remote myocardium during brief regional ischemia were preserved in the presence of desflurane and isoflurane anesthesia. In addition, desflurane and isoflurane blunted ischemia-induced increases in tau and regional chamber stiffness in both the ischemic and nonischemic zones. These results demonstrate that the volatile anesthetics may exert important beneficial actions on left ventricular mechanics in the presence of severe abnormalities in systolic and diastolic function during ischemia.
Magnetic flux patterns in superconductors deposited on a lattice of magnetic dots: A magneto-optical imaging study (2008)

We investigate the flux penetration in Pb films, of different shapes, deposited on top of a periodic array of $\mathrm{Co}∕\mathrm{Pt}$ dots with perpendicular anisotropy by means of magnetization and magneto-optical measurements. A clear dependence of the critical current density on the magnetic state of the dots and their polarity with respect to the direction of the applied magnetic field is observed by both techniques. The magnetic state of the dots changes the flux penetration from smooth to channelling. Additionally, in the fully magnetized state, an anisotropic current distribution is observed in circular-shaped samples. The flux penetration is dominated by avalanches only for configurations which correspond to a high critical current, irrespective of its origin, be it low temperature, magnetization state of the dots, or angle between the lattice of dots and the edge of the sample.
Effect of increased axial field of view of on the performance of a volume PET scanner. [Positron Emission Tomography (PET)] (2024)

The performance of the PENN-PET 240H scanner from UGM Medical Systems is tested and compared to the prototype PENN-PET scanner built at the University of Pennsylvania. The UGM PENN-PET scanner consists of six continuous position-sensitive NaI(Tl) detectors, which results in a 50-cm transverse field-of-view and a 12.8-cm axial field-of-view. The fine spatial sampling in the axial direction allows the data to be sorted into as many as 64 transverse planes, each 2-mm thick. A large axial acceptance angle, without interplane septa, results in a high sensitivity, with a low scatter and randoms fraction, due to the use of a narrow photopeak energy window. This paper emphasizes those performance measurements that illustrate the special characteristics of a volume imaging scanner and how they change as the axial length is increased.
Diversification of molecularly defined myenteric neuron classes revealed by single cell RNA-sequencing (2020)

ABSTRACT Autonomous functions of the gastrointestinal tract require the combined activity of functionally distinct neurons of the enteric nervous system (ENS). However, the range of enteric neuron diversity and how it emerges during development remain largely unknown. We here make a novel molecular definition of 12 enteric neuron classes (ENCs) within the myenteric plexus of the mouse small intestine. We identify communication features and provide histochemical markers for discrete motor, sensory, and interneurons together with genetic tools for class-specific targeting. Transcriptome analysis of embryonic ENS reveals a largely post-mitotic principle of diversification, where only ENC1 or ENC8 phenotypic traits arise through a binary neurogenic trajectory, and other identities form through subsequent differentiation. We propose generic and class-specific transcriptional regulators and functionally connect the transcription factor Pbx3 to one post-mitotic identity conversion. Our results offers a conceptual and molecular resource for dissecting ENS circuits, and predicting key regulators for the directed differentiation of distinct enteric neuron classes.
Loss and Reformation of Ruthenium Alkylidene: Connecting Olefin Metathesis, Catalyst Deactivation, Regeneration, and Isomerization (2017)

Ruthenium-based olefin metathesis catalysts are used in laboratory-scale organic synthesis across chemistry, largely thanks to their ease of handling and functional group tolerance. In spite of this robustness, these catalysts readily decompose, via little-understood pathways, to species that promote double-bond migration (isomerization) in both the 1-alkene reagents and the internal-alkene products. We have studied, using density functional theory (DFT), the reactivity of the Hoveyda-Grubbs second-generation catalyst 2 with allylbenzene, and discovered a facile new decomposition pathway. In this pathway, the alkylidene ligand is lost, via ring expansion of the metallacyclobutane intermediate, leading to the spin-triplet 12-electron complex (SIMes)RuCl<sub>2</sub> (<sup>3</sup>R21, SIMes = 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene). DFT calculations predict <sup>3</sup>R21 to be a very active alkene isomerization initiator, either operating as a catalyst itself, via a η<sup>3</sup>-allyl mechanism, or, after spin inversion to give R21 and formation of a cyclometalated Ru-hydride complex, via a hydride mechanism. The calculations also suggest that the alkylidene-free ruthenium complexes may regenerate alkylidene via dinuclear ruthenium activation of alkene. The predicted capacity to initiate isomerization is confirmed in catalytic tests using p-cymene-stabilized R21 (5), which promotes isomerization in particular under conditions favoring dissociation of p-cymene and disfavoring formation of aggregates of 5. The same qualitative trends in the relative metathesis and isomerization selectivities are observed in identical tests of 2, indicating that 5 and 2 share the same catalytic cycles for both metathesis and isomerization, consistent with the calculated reaction network covering metathesis, alkylidene loss, isomerization, and alkylidene regeneration.
Estrogen Receptor Modulators (2021)

Abstract The estrogen receptor (ER) has historically played and continues to play a prominent role in drug discovery as a target for medicinal chemists. The first targeted cancer therapy was directed at ERα and the first clinical drug that is a proteolysis targeting small molecule is also an ER ligand used to treat metastatic breast cancer. The last decade has been described as a renaissance in the medicinal chemistry of endocrine therapy, therefore, this article focuses on design of small molecule ERα ligands for treatment of hormone‐dependent breast cancer. As our understanding of the role of ER in resistance to endocrine therapy increases, further opportunities will be presented for medicinal chemists to design therapeutic agents for metastatic disease. Beyond breast cancer, ER, whether nuclear or extranuclear remains largely unexploited as a target for small molecule drug design, which is partly explained by the complexity of the underlying biology and partly by the cooling influence of the initial Women's Health Initiative outcomes on estrogen replacement therapy. Old and new concepts of ligand binding and signal transduction by ER are presented to stimulate the interests of medicinal chemists; accompanied by a catalogue of newer small molecule ligands reported in the literature and their interactions with ER.
Interrogation of FBG Sensors Based on Electro-optic Dual Optical Frequency Combs (2016)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. E. Posada-Roman, D. A. Poiana, J. A. Garcia-Souto, and P. Acedo, "Interrogation of FBG Sensors Based on Electro-optic Dual Optical Frequency Combs," in Latin America Optics and Photonics Conference, (Optica Publishing Group, 2016), paper LW2C.6. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Dexamethasone, Melphalan, Actinomycin D, Cytosine Arabinoside (DMAC) Protocol for Dogs with Relapsed Lymphoma (2006)

Background:In general, treatment of relapsed lymphoma is associated with a lower probability of response and shorter duration of remission. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the combination chemotherapy protocol DMAC (dexamethasone, melphalan, actinomycin D, and cytosine arabinoside) for reinduction of remission in dogs with relapsed lymphoma. Hypothesis:That DMAC would be an effective reinduction protocol for dogs with relapsed lymphoma. Animals:Fifty-four dogs. Results: Seventy-two percent of the dogs achieved remission (44% complete remission [CR] and 28% partial remission [PR]), 11% had stable disease (SD), and 17% had progressive disease (PD). The median remission duration was 61 days (range, 2–467+ days). The median remission durations for dogs with CR, PR, and SD were 112, 44, and 27 days, respectively. Factors that affected the response rate were previous treatment with doxorubicin and an inability to achieve remission with the previous protocol. Thrombocytopenia occurred in 56% of the dogs (grade 1 in 3 dogs, grade 2 in 6 dogs, grade 3 in 7 dogs, and grade 4 in 7 dogs) and neutropenia in 17% of the dogs (grade 2 in 1 dog, grade 3 in 2 dogs, and grade 4 in 4 dogs). Gastrointestinal toxicosis occurred in 22% of the dogs (grades 1 in 5 dogs, grade 2 in 3 dogs, and grade 3 in 1 dog). Conclusions and Clinical Importance: The DMAC protocol is an effective rescue protocol for dogs with relapsed multicentric lymphoma. Although thrombocytopenia is a common manifestation of toxicity, in general, the protocol is well tolerated.
Feasibility of Postpartum Insertion of IUCD (1966)

To the Editor:— In conjunction with the Family Planning Clinic at Pennsylvania Hospital, a pilot study of the intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) was initiated on the ward obstetrical service. The objectives were to evaluate the expulsion rate and safety of a (Lippes Loop D) inserted during the immediate postpartum period. An additional aim was to provide control of conception for those of our ward patients who failed to return for postpartum examination. Method:— Fifty postpartum ward patients were fitted with the loop three to five days after vaginal delivery. The women ranged in age from 17 to 42 years and in parity from one to eight. All were clinically free of infection and had completed a pregnancy of at least 32 weeks' duration. The majority delivered at term. They were followed up for a minimum of three months, at which time further expulsions or complications were considered to be
Statistical modelisation and simulation for degradation processes with covariables and traumatic events applied to survival data (2002)

International audience
Loss of polarization of elliptically polarized collapsing beams (2019)

We show theoretically and demonstrate experimentally that collapsing elliptically polarized laser beams experience a nonlinear ellipse rotation that is highly sensitive to small fluctuations in the input power. For arbitrarily small fluctuations in the input power and after a sufficiently large propagation distance, the polarization angle becomes uniformly distributed in $[0,2\ensuremath{\pi}]$ from shot to shot. We term this phenomenon loss of polarization. We perform experiments in fused-silica glass, nitrogen gas, and water and observe a significant increase in the fluctuations of the output polarization angle for elliptically polarized femtosecond pulses as the power is increased beyond the critical power for self-focusing. We also show numerically and confirm experimentally that this effect is more prominent in the anomalous group-velocity dispersion (GVD) regime compared to the normal-GVD regime due to the extended lengths of the filaments for the former. Such effects could play an important role in intense-field light-matter interactions in which elliptically polarized pulses are utilized.
Analysis of Steady‐State Temperature Profiles from a Laboratory Reactor by Means of a Process Simulator (2003)

Abstract A process simulator was used for the analysis of steady‐state results from a laboratory‐scale tubular reactor for the oxidation of carbon monoxide over a platinum catalyst. From a set of 14 steady‐state experiments, temperature profiles were simulated with two adjustable parameters recovered by optimizing the fit: k °, the pre‐exponential portion of the rate constant, and h out , the outer wall heat transfer coefficient for the reactor tube. Simulation showed that despite elaborate insulation the reactor did not behave adiabatically. Simulation also predicted fairly well the magnitude of phenomena such as ignition, extinction, and rate hysteresis (caused by changes in feed temperatures or concentrations) but at temperatures below the experimental values.
An approach to testing COTS software for robustness to operating system exceptions and errors (2003)

One of the least tested but most critical portions of software systems is error and exception handling. Error/exception handling routines are the safety net for any system to handle unexpected circumstances such as when operating system (OS) or hardware failures occur. As more critical systems are developed from commercial off the shelf (COTS) software, the robustness of these applications to operating system failures, and in general, to failures from third party software, becomes increasingly critical. We present an approach and tool for assessing the robustness of COTS applications to failures from OS functions or other third-party COTS software. The approach consists of wrapping executable application software with an instrumentation layer that can capture, record, perturb, and question all interactions with the operating system. The wrapper is used to return error codes and exceptions from calls to operating system functions. The effect of the failure from the OS call is then assessed. If the application crashes under these anomalous conditions, the application is determined to be non-robust to a particular failing OS call. A failure simulation tool has been developed for testing the robustness of Win32 applications to these types of anomalous OS conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: HYDRAZIDINE 1. MITT. SYNTHESE N‐UNSUBSTITUIERTER HYDRAZIDINE (1975)

Abstract Die Umsetzung der Hydrochloride der Amidrazone (I) mit wasserfreiem Hydrazin bei 40°C führt zu den N‐unsubstituierten Hydrazidinen (II), die als Hydrochloride erhalten werden.
Unravelling homologous recombination repair deficiency and therapeutic opportunities in soft tissue and bone sarcoma (2023)

Defects in homologous recombination repair (HRR) in tumors correlate with poor prognosis and metastases development. Determining HRR deficiency (HRD) is of major clinical relevance as it is associated with therapeutic vulnerabilities and remains poorly investigated in sarcoma. Here, we show that specific sarcoma entities exhibit high levels of genomic instability signatures and molecular alterations in HRR genes, while harboring a complex pattern of chromosomal instability. Furthermore, sarcomas carrying HRDness traits exhibit a distinct SARC-HRD transcriptional signature that predicts PARP inhibitor sensitivity in patient-derived sarcoma cells. Concomitantly, HRD<sup>high</sup> sarcoma cells lack RAD51 nuclear foci formation upon DNA damage, further evidencing defects in HRR. We further identify the WEE1 kinase as a therapeutic vulnerability for sarcomas with HRDness and demonstrate the clinical benefit of combining DNA damaging agents and inhibitors of DNA repair pathways ex vivo and in the clinic. In summary, we provide a personalized oncological approach to treat sarcoma patients successfully.
Comparative Performance of a Thermal Barrier Coating System Utilizing Platinum Aluminide Bond Coat on Alloys CMSX-4® and MAR M® 002DS (2011)

It is known that the relative performance of thermal barrier coatings is largely dependent upon the oxidation properties of the bond coat utilized in the system. Also, the oxidation properties of diffusion-type bond coats (aluminides and their modifications) are functions of the superalloy substrate used in blade applications. Therefore, the performance of a given coating system utilizing a diffusion-type bond coat can significantly vary from one superalloy to another. Toward the objective of developing coating systems with more universal applicability, it is essential to understand the mechanisms by which the superalloy substrate can influence the coating performance. In this study, we examined the relative performance of yttria-stabilized zirconia/platinum aluminide coating system on alloys CMSX-4 and MAR M 002DS representing single-crystal and directionally-solidified alloy systems respectively using thermal exposure tests at 1150 °C with a 24-h cycling period to room temperature. Changes in coating microstructure were characterized by various electron-optical techniques. Experiment showed that the coating system on alloy MAR M 002DS had outperformed that on alloy CMSX-4, which could be related to the high thermal stability of the bond coat on alloy MAR M 002DS. From a detailed microstructural characterization, this difference in behavior could be explained at least partially in terms of variation in chemical composition of the two alloys, which was also reflected on the exact failure mechanism of the coating system.