gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Upconversion emission of erbium-doped lanthanum oxysulfide powders for temperature sensing (2017)

In this work we report a detailed spectroscopic study of the near-infrared to visible upconversion luminescence in Erdoped lanthanum oxysulfide crystal powders after excitation of level <sup>4</sup>I<sub>9/2</sub>. The analysis of the decay curves of the upconversion emission indicates that energy transfer upconversion is the main mechanism responsible for the green (<sup>4</sup>S<sub>3/2</sub>) and red (<sup>4</sup>F<sub>9/2</sub>) upconversion luminescence. The temperature dependence of the green upconverted emission from the two thermally coupled <sup>2</sup>H<sub>11/2</sub> and <sup>4</sup>S<sub>3/2</sub> levels has been analyzed in the 230 K- 300 K temperature range in order to check its availability as a temperature sensor.
Corrigendum: Deep Learning-Based Haptic Guidance for Surgical Skills Transfer (2021)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/frobt.2020.586707.].
Cavernous Neurotomy Causes Hypoxia and Fibrosis in Rat Corpus Cavernosum (2003)

The etiologies of erectile dysfunction (ED) after nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy have not been clearly elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cavernous nerve injury on cavernous fibrosis, and to consider measures to prevent irreversible damage to the cavernous tissues. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats constituted the study population. The animals were divided into 2 groups; group 1 consisted of sham-operated rats (n = 10), and group 2 consisted of rats that underwent incision of both cavernous nerves (n = 10). Three months later, all rats underwent intracavernous papaverine injection (300 and 600 mg), and intracorporal pressures were recorded. Transforming growth factor-beta(1) (TGF-beta(1)) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression from rat penile tissue was measured using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha), TGF-beta(1), and collagen I and III protein expressions were determined by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical staining. Erectile function as studied with intracavernosal papaverine injection and histological analysis of penile cross-sections at 3 months was similar in both groups. TGF-beta(1) mRNA expression, HIF-1alpha, TGF-beta(1), and collagen I and III protein expressions were significantly greater in the neurotomy group. Immunohistochemical staining for TGF-beta(1), HIF-1alpha, and collagen III were qualitatively more positive in the neurotomy group, whereas collagen I staining was similar. This study demonstrates an increase in TGF-beta(1), HIF-1alpha, and collagen III synthesis in rat cavernosal smooth musculature after cavernous neurotomies. In theory, cavernous fibrosis may be reduced by employing various vasoactive agents or interventions that increase oxygenation to the corporal tissues during the postoperative period.
Crescimento micelial de esporos pré-germinados do fungo endomicorrízico Gigaspora gigantea em meio líquido suplementado com compostos orgânicos nitrogenados (1994)

Foram avaliados os efeitos de 14 compostos orgânicos nitrogenados sobre o crescimento micelial de esporos do fungo endomicorrizico Gigaspora gigantea (Nicol & Gerd) Gerdemann & Trappe. Esporos pre-germinados em agar-agua foram transferidos para tubos com meio nutritivo liquido contendo os aminoacidos glicina, histidina, leucina, lisina, fenilalanina, asparagina, arginina, cistina, cisteina, metionina, prolina, acido aspartico, acido glutâmico, e a peptona, os quais foram adicionados individualmente ao meio em diferentes concentracoes. Os tubos foram incubados por 15 dias, quando o crescimento micelial foi avaliado atraves do uso de microscopio estereoscopico. Os aminoacidos histidina, cistina e leucina e a peptona estimularam o crescimento micelial, enquanto a fenilalanina e a metionina mostraram-se inibitorios para o crescimento. A histidina mostrou efeito linear enquanto para leucina e cistina as respostas foram maximas nas concentracoes mais baixas dos aminoacidos, seguindo um modelo raiz quadrada. Os demais compostos avaliados nao mostraram efeitos significativos sobre o crescimento micelial.
Kinetics, Spectroscopy, and Computational Chemistry of Arylnitrenes (2006)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics, Spectroscopy, and Computational Chemistry of ArylnitrenesN. P. Gritsan and M. S. PlatzView Author Information Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion and Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, and Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 9, 3844–3867Publication Date (Web):August 23, 2006Publication History Received7 October 2005Published online23 August 2006Published inissue 1 September 2006https://doi.org/10.1021/cr040055+Copyright © 2006 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2612Altmetric-Citations167LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (539 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Azides,Cyclization,Kinetic parameters,Photodissociation,Substituents Get e-Alerts
Manipulation of the properties of molecular materials based on small push-pull systems. (2017)

International audience
On the design of voltage-controlled sinusoidal oscillators using OTAs (1990)

A unified systematic approach to the design of voltage-controlled oscillators using only operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) and capacitors is discussed. Two classical oscillator models, i.e. quadrature and bandpass-based, are employed to generate several oscillator structures. They are very appropriate for silicon monolithic implementations. The resulting oscillation frequencies are proportional to the transconductance of the OTA, and this makes the structures well-suited for building voltage controlled oscillators (VCOs). Amplitude stabilization circuits using both automatic gain control (AGC) mechanisms and limitation schemes are presented. The circuits are compatible with the transconductance amplifier capacitor oscillator (TACO). Experimental results from bipolar breadboard and CMOS IC prototypes showing the potential of OTA-based oscillators for high-frequency VCO operation are included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Identification of a small peptide that inhibits the phosphorylation of ErbB2 and proliferation of ErbB2 overexpressing breast cancer cells (2004)

ErbB2 is overexpressed in approximately 30% of breast cancer patients with a correlation to poor prognosis. ErbB2 has been identified as a useful receptor for molecular targeting. A cyclic 20 amino acid phage display random peptide library was constructed using the fUSE5 gene III system. The library was panned against 2 different purified forms of the external domain of ErbB2. This resulted in the identification of several ErbB2-binding phage clones with variable binding to different ErbB2 preparations. One clone (EC-1) bound all preparations of ErbB2 including live cells and fresh frozen human breast cancer specimens. The synthetic peptide based on the deduced sequence of the EC-1 clone and its biotin-conjugated form retained binding affinity for purified ErbB2 and ErbB2 overexpressing cell lysates. EC-1 peptide was able to effectively inhibit the phosphorylation of ErbB2 on residues Y1248 and Y877 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, EC-1 peptide selectively inhibits the proliferation of ErbB2 overexpressing breast cancer cells. The linear portion of the cyclic EC-1 peptide was shown to be essential for binding ErbB2. In addition, 4 biased phage libraries were constructed allowing 4 different regions of the EC-1 peptide to have random sequence. Screening these EC-1 biased libraries did not result in higher affinity peptides but did demonstrate the importance of amino acids at position 1-4 on the N-terminal flanking arm and 11-15 within the cyclic ring. Interestingly, EC-1 contains homologous motifs with known ErbB receptor family ligands. We have identified a small peptide that binds to the extracellular domain of ErbB2, inhibits ErbB2 autophosphorylation and inhibits the proliferation of ErbB2 overexpressing cells. This supports the notion that small peptides can bind to targets important in cancer therapy even if a target does not have a natural ligand. Continuing research with this peptide includes increasing its affinity to ErbB2, evaluation of pharmacokinetics and evaluation of anti-proliferative effects with conjugate anti-cancer agents.
Stability and degradation pattern of cefpirome (HR 810) in aqueous solution. (1990)

The stability and degradation pathways of a new semi-synthetic cephalosporin, 1-[[(6R,7R)-7-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)glyoxylamido]-2-carboxy-8-ox o-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-3-yl]methyl]-6,7-dihydro-5H-1- pyridinium hydroxide, inner salt, 7(2)-(Z)-(O-methyloxime) sulfate (cefpirome sulfate, HR 810), were studied. Cefpirome in various buffer solutions was allowed to stand at 40 degrees C and its degradation patterns were investigated by high performance liquid chromatography. Cefpirome was stable in the region of pH 4-7 and slightly unstable beyond this range. In aqueous solution from the neutral to alkaline regions, the produced degradation products were: 1- [[(6R,7S)-7-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)glyoxylamido]-2-carboxy-8-oxo -5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-3-yl]methyl]-6,7-dihydro-5 H-1- pyridinium hydroxide, inner salt, 7(2)-(Z)-(O-methyloxime) (epi-cefpirome); 1-[[(6R,7R)-7-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)glyoxylamido]-2-carboxy-8-ox o-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-3-en-3-yl]methyl]-6,7-dihydro-5H-1- pyridinum hydroxide, inner salt, 7(2)-(Z)-(O-methyloxime) (delta 2-cefpirome); 2-[[(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)((Z)-methoxy-imino)acetyl]amino]acetaldehyde; and 6,7-dihydro-5H-1-pyrindine. On the other hand, 1-[[(6R,7R)-7-[2-(2- amino-4-thiazolyl)glyoxylamido]-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia-1- azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-3-yl]methyl]-6,7-dihydro-5H-1-pyridinium++ + hydroxide, inner salt, 7(2)-(E)-(O-methyloxime) (anti-cefpirome), 2-[[(2- amino-4-thiazolyl)-((Z)-methoxyimino)-acetyl]aminomethyl]-1,2,5,7- tetrahydro-7-oxo-4H-furo[3,4-D]-[1,3]thiazine, and 6,7-dihydro-5H-1- pyrindine were produced in strongly acidic solution or under irradiation by artificial sunlight.
Crystal structure of (.+-.)-trans-2-cyclobutylamino-5,6-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenol hydrobromide. (1980)

The crystal structure of (±)-trans-2-cyclobutylamino-5, 6-dihydroxy-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenol hydrobromide, a potent β-adrenergic stimulant, has been determined by X-ray diffraction techniques. The compound crystallizes from water in the triclinic space group P1 with a=9.198 (1), b=10.472 (2), c=8.020 (1) Å, α=109.09 (2), β=78.20 (1), γ=102.55 (2)°. The structure was solved by the heavy atom method, and the final R for 1300 independent reflections measured with a four circle diffractometer was 5.0%. The cyclohexene moiety of the compound is in a half-chair conformation, with both the benzylic hydroxyl and the substituted amino groups occupying diequatorial positions. Comparison of the crystal structure with that of dl-isoproterenol sulfate shows that both compounds have similar conformations of the aliphatic side chain moiety, including the alkyl amino side chain.
Prognostic impact of retrieved lymph node number in patients with gastric carcinoma (2014)

Okajima, Wataru; Komatsu, Shuhei MD, PhD; Ichikawa, Daisuke MD; Konishi, Hirotaka MD; Kubota, Takeshi MD, PhD; Okamoto, Kazuma MD; Shiozaki, Atsushi MD, PhD; Fujiwara, Hitoshi MD; Sakakura, Chohei; Otsuji, Eigo Author Information
The Case for Early Arabia and Arabic Language: A Reply to the New Arabia Theory by Ahmad al-Jallad (2020)

A reply to an article published on May 23rd, 2018, in The New Yorker magazine by Elias Muhanna, titled A New History of Arabia, Written in Stone, introducing a new theory by Ahmad al-Jallad, a Harvard trained scholar of ancient Near East languages and scripts, asserting that the Arabic language (and presumably the Arabs) was originated in the south Levant desert and migrated southward. This theory would reverse the established conclusions set forth by the esteemed work of numerous Islamic Arab linguists and historians, over more than a thousand years, who believed the Arabs and the Arabic language originated in the southern Arabian Peninsula region. This reply also addresses several claims raised by al-Jallad, Sofia Chair of Arabic at Ohio State University, to support his new theory, during his recent lecture in Kuwait on December 16th, 2019, titled The Rise of Arabic: From an Epic Past to an Evidence-Based History.
Cutting activates a 46-kilodalton protein kinase in plants. (1995)

Using SDS/polyacrylamide gels that contained myelin basic protein, we identified a 46-kDa protein kinase in tobacco that is transiently activated by cutting. Although the activity of the kinase was rarely detectable in mature leaves, marked activity became apparent within several minutes after isolation of leaf discs and subsided within 30 min. In the presence of cycloheximide (CHX), the kinase activity did not diminish after the isolation over the course of 2 hr, suggesting that protein synthesis was not required for the activation of the kinase. A second cutting of leaf discs between 30 min and 60 min after the isolation failed to activate the kinase, whereas a second cutting given 3 hr after isolation apparently activated the kinase. These results suggest that the 46-kDa protein kinase is desensitized immediately after the first activation, which can be blocked by CHX, but the response ability recovers with time. When protein extracts containing the active kinase were treated with serine/threonine-specific or tyrosine-specific protein phosphatase, the kinase activity was abolished. After immunoprecipitation with antibody against phosphotyrosine, activity of the kinase was recovered in the immunoprecipitate. These results suggest that the active form of the kinase is phosphorylated at both serine/threonine and tyrosine residues. It seems likely that the 46-kDa protein kinase can be activated by dual phosphorylation. The activity of a 46-kDa protein kinase was also detected in leaves of a wide variety of plant species including dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants. We propose the name PMSAP (plant multisignal-activated protein) kinase for this kinase because the kinase was also activated by various signals other than cutting.
Implementation of a test system for advanced calibration and performance analyses of flickermeters (2004)

The paper presents an implementation of a test system for advanced calibration and performance verification of flickermeters. Test include not only the complete set of IEC standard test points, but also an array of different voltage fluctuations - related to common power quality issues - that may be encountered in actual use. This is done because it can be shown that different digital flickermeter implementations fully meeting the performance tests defined in IEC 61000-4-15 can still disagree significantly in some actual measurements. After the description and the performance analysis of the test system, a commercial instrument is tested and its response is presented.
Rhinovirus-Induced Macrophage Cytokine Expression Does Not Require Endocytosis or Replication (2014)

Rhinovirus (RV) is responsible for the majority of virus-induced asthma exacerbations. We showed previously that RV infection of ovalbumin-sensitized and -challenged BALB/c mice induces production of type 2 cytokines from M2-polarized macrophages. In the present study, we sought to determine the mechanism of RV-induced cytokine expression. We infected bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) from BALB/c mice with RV serotype 1B, a minor group virus that infects mouse cells. Selected cultures were pretreated with IL-4, a type 2 cytokine increased in allergic asthma. RV infection of untreated cells increased messenger RNA and protein expression of the M1 cytokines TNF-α, CXCL1, and IL-6 but failed to induce expression of the M2 cytokines CCL22 and CCL24. Cells pretreated with IL-4 showed decreased expression of M1 cytokines but increased expression of Ym-1, Arg-1 (M2 markers), CCL22, and CCL24. Infection with ultraviolet (UV)-irradiated, replication-deficient RV elicited similar cytokine responses, suggesting that the outcome is replication independent. Consistent with this, viral RNA copy number did not increase in RV-treated BMMs or bronchoalveolar macrophages. RV-induced cytokine expression was not affected when cells were pretreated with cytochalasin D, suggesting that viral endocytosis is not required for the response. Finally, RV-induced cytokine expression and viral attachment were abolished in BMMs from myeloid differentiation factor 88 and Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 KO mice, suggesting a specific requirement of TLR2. We conclude that RV elicits a proinflammatory cytokine response in BMMs through a cell-surface-mediated, TLR2-dependent mechanism that does not require viral endocytosis or replication.
Broad cross-reactivity across sarbecoviruses exhibited by a subset of COVID-19 donor-derived neutralizing antibodies (2021)

Many anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) neutralizing antibodies target the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) binding site on viral spike receptor-binding domains (RBDs). Potent antibodies recognize exposed variable epitopes, often rendering them ineffective against other sarbecoviruses and SARS-CoV-2 variants. Class 4 anti-RBD antibodies against a less-exposed, but more-conserved, cryptic epitope could recognize newly emergent zoonotic sarbecoviruses and variants, but they usually show only weak neutralization potencies. Here, we characterize two class 4 anti-RBD antibodies derived from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) donors that exhibit breadth and potent neutralization of zoonotic coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 variants. C118-RBD and C022-RBD structures reveal orientations that extend from the cryptic epitope to occlude ACE2 binding and CDRH3-RBD main-chain H-bond interactions that extend an RBD β sheet, thus reducing sensitivity to RBD side-chain changes. A C118-spike trimer structure reveals rotated RBDs that allow access to the cryptic epitope and the potential for intra-spike crosslinking to increase avidity. These studies facilitate vaccine design and illustrate potential advantages of class 4 RBD-binding antibody therapeutics.
Advances in post AFM repair cleaning of photomask with CO 2 cryogenic aerosol technology (2009)

As the mask technology matures, critical printing features and sub-resolution assist features (SRAF) shrink below 100 nm, forcing critical cleaning processes to face significant challenges. These challenges include use of new materials, oxidation, chemical contamination sensitivity, proportionally decreasing printable defect size, and a requirement for a damage-free clean. CO<sub>2</sub> cryogenic aerosol cleaning has the potential to offer a wide process window for meeting these new challenges, if residue adder issues and damage can be eliminated. Some key differentiations of CO<sub>2</sub> cryogenic aerosol cleaning are the non-oxidizing and non-etching properties compared to conventional chemical wet clean processes with or without megasonics. In prior work, the feasibility of CO<sub>2</sub> cryogenic aerosol in post AFM repair photomask cleaning was demonstrated. In this paper, recent advancements of CO<sub>2</sub> cryogenic aerosol cleaning technology are presented, focusing on the traditional problem areas of particle adders, electrostatic discharge (ESD), and mask damage mitigation. Key aspects of successful CO<sub>2</sub> cryogenic aerosol cleaning include the spray nozzle design, CO<sub>2</sub> liquid purity, and system design. The design of the nozzle directly controls the size, density, and velocity of the CO<sub>2</sub> snow particles. Methodology and measurements of the solid CO<sub>2</sub> particle size and velocity distributions will be presented, and their responses to various control parameters will be discussed. Adder control can be achieved only through use of highly purified CO<sub>2</sub> and careful materials selection. Recent advances in CO<sub>2</sub> purity will be discussed and data shown. The mask cleaning efficiency by CO<sub>2</sub> cryogenic aerosol and damage control is essentially an optimization of the momentum of the solid CO<sub>2</sub> particles and elimination of adders. The previous damage threshold of 150 nm SRAF structures has been reduced to 70nm and data will be shown indicating 60 nm is possible in the near future. Data on CO<sub>2</sub> tribocharge mitigation, the main cause of ESD, will also be presented and application to current technology nodes discussed.
Evidence for the involvement of vicinal sulfhydryl groups in the insulin stimulation of intracellular glucose metabolism in Zajdela Hepatoma cells (1990)

Phenylarsine oxide (PhAsO), a dithiol reagent that blocks insulin stimulation of glucose transport in 3T3 L1 cells, also altered insulin stimulation of intracellular glucose metabolism in Zajdela Hepatoma cultured cells. PhAsO (2 microM) similarly inhibited the insulin-induced glycogen and lipid syntheses without modifying the basal level of these processes, cell viability or the ATP content. Prior incubation of the cells with PhAsO did not prevent insulin binding to the cells, or activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase, while it minimally (16%) altered receptor internalization. These results indicate that cellular dithiols located at a post-receptor step are involved in the transduction of the insulin signal to intracellular glucose metabolism.
Entendiendo las terapias actuales en melanoma metastásico (2016)

Cutaneous melanoma is a highly aggressive tumor developing from melanocytes, its incidence is increasing, and prognosis in advanced stages is daunting. New therapies have been approved during the recent years with unprecedented results, including inhibitors of MAPK/ERK pathway and immune checkpoint blockade (anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) as ipilimumab, anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-L1) as pembrolizumab and anti-programmed cell death protein 1 ligand (PD-L1), among many others). The aim of this paper is to review currently available metastatic melanoma therapies focusing mainly on new therapies that have demonstrated effectiveness, after several decades of little progress in the treatment of this disease.