gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carboxypeptidase H in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system: evidence for processing and activation of a prohormone-processing enzyme during axonal transport (1990)

Investigations of peptide precursor processing in nerve cells, including studies on prooxytocin and provasopressin processing in the rat hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system, show that prohormone processing occurs during axonal transport of maturing secretory vesicles. Recent studies (Fricker et al., 1989; Rodriguez et al., 1989) show that carboxypeptidase H (CPH), one of several proteases required for prohormone processing, is synthesized as a proenzyme that presumably requires activation. To determine if pro-CPH, like prohormone precursors, is processed and activated during axonal transport, we have analyzed the molecular forms of CPH present at several levels in the rat hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system. These biochemical and immunochemical studies showed that the supraoptic nucleus (SON), a region enriched in neuronal cell bodies, possesses primarily an inactive 65-kDa species of CPH. The median eminence and pituitary stalk regions that are enriched in axons possess both the inactive 65-kDa and the active 55-kDa forms of CPH, and nerve terminals of the posterior pituitary contain primarily the active 55-kDa CPH. These results support the hypothesis that pro-CPH is processed and activated during axonal transport from neuronal perikarya of SON to nerve terminals of the posterior pituitary. Furthermore, analysis of immunoreactive CPH in the rat and bovine pituitary showed that each tissue possessed different relative amounts of zymogen compared to mature forms of CPH, suggesting that tissue-specific processing of pro-CPH occurs. Thus, the biosynthesis of active peptide hormones requires the simultaneous processing of proenzyme and prohormone.
Adrenal, Hypertension, Renal Physiology and Renal Failure (1993)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Sep 1993Adrenal, Hypertension, Renal Physiology and Renal Failure W. Scott McDougalM.D. W. Scott McDougalW. Scott McDougal More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)35690-2AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1993 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 150Issue 3September 1993Page: 1078-1080 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1993 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information W. Scott McDougal More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
End-to-end based QoS provisioning in all-IP network (2005)

Telecommunications giants around the world are converging into embracing an all-IP network infrastructure. Evolving their legacy networks to an all-IP infrastructure means ensuring the new IP-based counterparts could provide similar or better level of service quality. Due to the rapid evolution and extensive user demands of multimedia communication services, quality of service (QoS) provisioning in all-IP network has become more and more important. In this paper, an adaptive codec switching techniques in providing improved conversational quality in an audio call is explored. This study takes an end-to-end approach in providing QoS complementing other network-layer QoS implementations.
Approaches to Antiviral Agents (1985)

The Clinical Need for Antiviral Agents Specific Inhibitors of Viral Replication Potential Targets for Selective Inhibition of Viral Replication Synthetic Pyrimidine Nucleoside Analogues Synthetic Purine Nucleoside Analogues Screening Leads_Synthetic Compounds Screening Leads_Natural Products Modulation of Host Defense Mechanisms Potential Targets for Host Defense Modulation Interferons: Direct Effects Upon Viral Replication Interferons: Immunoregulatory Agents Induction of Interferons and Modulation of Host Defense Mechanisms Assessment of Antiviral Drugs in Man.
Co-deposited Pt–WO3electrodes. Part 1.—Methanol oxidation and in situ FTIR studies (1994)

Pt–WO3 electrodes prepared by electrodeposition from an homogeneous solution show very high activity for methanol oxidation. Electrochemical and in situ FTIR spectroscopic methods have been used to characterise the properties of the Pt–WO3 electrodes and the influence of various experimental conditions on the electrode activity. The encouraging results achieved are due to the uniform dispersion of Pt on WO3 and the hydrogen spillover effect during the process of dehydrogenation of methanol. In addition, such electrodes are more resistant to poisoning by the reaction intermediates.
Hybrid Diffractive Elements for Planar Optics (1993)

Planar free-space optical components offer many advantages for compact micro optical systems. This configuration combines the 2 dimensional properties of free-space optics with a guiding substrate.
An energy-efficient MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks (2003)

This paper proposes S-MAC, a medium-access control (MAC) protocol designed for wireless sensor networks. Wireless sensor networks use battery-operated computing and sensing devices. A network of these devices will collaborate for a common application such as environmental monitoring. We expect sensor networks to be deployed in an ad hoc fashion, with individual nodes remaining largely inactive for long periods of time, but then becoming suddenly active when something is detected. These characteristics of sensor networks and applications motivate a MAC that is different from traditional wireless MACs such as IEEE 802.11 in almost every way: energy conservation and self-configuration are primary goals, while per-node fairness and latency are less important. S-MAC uses three novel techniques to reduce energy consumption and support self-configuration. To reduce energy consumption in listening to an idle channel, nodes periodically sleep. Neighboring nodes form virtual clusters to auto-synchronize on sleep schedules. Inspired by PAMAS, S-MAC also sets the radio to sleep during transmissions of other nodes. Unlike PAMAS, it only uses in-channel signaling. Finally, S-MAC applies message passing to reduce contention latency for sensor-network applications that require store-and-forward processing as data move through the network. We evaluate our implementation of S-MAC over a sample sensor node, the Mote, developed at University of California, Berkeley. The experiment results show that, on a source node, an 802.11-like MAC consumes 2-6 times more energy than S-MAC for traffic load with messages sent every 1-10 s.
Scalable video coding and transport over broadband wireless networks (2001)

With the emergence of broadband wireless networks and increasing demand of multimedia information on the Internet, wireless multimedia services are foreseen to become widely deployed in the next decade. Real-time video transmission typically has requirements on quality of service (QoS). However, wireless channels are unreliable and the channel bandwidth varies with time, which may cause severe degradation in video quality. In addition, for video multicast, the heterogeneity of receivers makes it difficult to achieve efficiency and flexibility. To address these issues, three techniques, namely, scalable video coding, network-aware adaptation of end systems, and adaptive QoS support from networks, have been developed. This paper unifies the three techniques and presents an adaptive framework, which specifically addresses video transport over wireless networks. The adaptive framework consists of three basic components: (1) scalable video representations; (2) network-aware end systems; and (3) adaptive services. Under this framework, as wireless channel conditions change, mobile terminals and network elements can scale the video streams and transport the scaled video streams to receivers with a smooth change of perceptual quality. The key advantages of the adaptive framework are: (1) perceptual quality is changed gracefully during periods of QoS fluctuations and hand-offs; and (2) the resources are shared in a fair manner.
The synthesis of ring‐expanded analogues of xanthine containing the imidazo[4,5‐e][1,4]diazepine ring system (1990)

Abstract The synthesis of 4,5,7,8‐tetrahydro‐6 H ‐imidazo[4,5‐ e ][1,4]diazepine‐5,8‐dione and its several 1‐ and 3‐alkyl (aralkyl) derivatives 2 has been reported. Mechanistic explorations of the final synthetic step as well as structural confirmation of a final product 2d by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses have also been presented.
Neurotransmitter Specific, Cellular-Resolution Functional Brain Mapping Using Receptor Coated Nanoparticles: Assessment of the Possibility (2015)

Receptor coated resonant nanoparticles and quantum dots are proposed to provide a cellular-level resolution image of neural activities inside the brain. The functionalized nanoparticles and quantum dots in this approach will selectively bind to different neurotransmitters in the extra-synaptic regions of neurons. This allows us to detect neural activities in real time by monitoring the nanoparticles and quantum dots optically. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with two different geometries (sphere and rod) and quantum dots (QDs) with different sizes were studied along with three different neurotransmitters: dopamine, gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), and glycine. The absorption/emission spectra of GNPs and QDs before and after binding of neurotransmitters and their corresponding receptors are reported. The results using QDs and nanorods with diameter 25nm and aspect rations larger than three were promising for the development of the proposed functional brain mapping approach.
An Exact Test for Hardy-Weinberg and Multiple Alleles (1987)

Algorithms for generating the exact distribution of a finite sample drawn from a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are given for multiple alleles. The finite sampling distribution is derived analogously to Fisher's 2 X 2 exact distribution and is equivalent to Levene's conditional finite sampling distribution for Hardy-Weinberg populations. The algorithms presented are fast computationally and allow for quick alternatives to standard methods requiring corrections and approximations. Computation time is on the order of a few seconds for three-allele examples and up to 2 minutes for four-allele examples on an IBM 3081 machine.
An antigenic determinant of human beta 2-microglobulin masked by the association with HLA heavy chains at the cell surface: analysis using monoclonal antibodies. (1981)

Four anti-human beta 2-microglobulin monoclonal antibodies were produced against whole lymphoid cells or against urinary beta 2-microglobulin. Their reactivity was fully inhibited by purified soluble beta 2-microglobulin. The B1.1G6, C23.24.2, and B2.62.2 antibodies bound either to free or to HLA-complexed beta 2m. They recognized the same or very close determinants, since they achieved mutual blocking. In contrast, the C21.48A1 antibody did not bind to the cell surface and did not recognize the same determinant on the purified beta 2-microglobulin molecule as the others. It was able to bind and to form a specific complex with membrane beta 2-microglobulin only, once separated from the HLA heavy chain. These data strongly suggest that the C21.48A1 antigenic determinant might be hidden when the beta 2-microglobulin is complexed with the HLA heavy chains at the cell surface.
A method to predict active sonar detection range in uncertain shallow water environments (2006)

Knowledge of maximum detection range is important for the appropriate operation of search sonar. For example, effective spacing of multistatic sonar sources and receivers will be influenced by good estimates of achievable detection range. But predicting detection range for low-frequency active sonar in shallow water can be problematic in the face of inadequate environmental characterization. Thus, incomplete knowledge of bottom sediment geoacoustics and bottom scattering strength, and absence of a good understanding of bottom reverberation mechanisms, will greatly hamper the accurate prediction of dependable detection ranges. Given a bistatic sonar configuration in shallow water, a method is proposed and described that exploits the observed transition time from reverberation to noise-limited conditions to simply and robustly predict maximum detection range for specified target strength. Modeling and analysis suggest that estimates of maximum detection range within 25% accuracy can be readily achieved.
Medical thoracoscopy in the diagnosis of pleural disease: a guide for the clinician (2020)

As the proficiency and number of interventional pulmonologists continues to grow, MT is ideally positioned to become a front-line diagnostic tool in pleural disease and play an increasingly prominent role in the treatment algorithm of various pleural pathologies.
Nitrogen quadrupole coupling constants for HCN and H2CN+: Explanation of the absence of fine structure in the microwave spectrum of interstellar H2CN+ (1986)

Nitrogen 14 quadrupole coupling constants for H2CN+ and HCN are predicted via ab initio self-consistent-field and configuration interaction theory. Effects of electron correlation, basis set completeness, and geometrical structure on the predicted electric field gradients are analyzed. The quadrupole coupling constant obtained for H2CN+ is one order of magnitude less than in HCN, providing an explanation for the experimental fact that the fine structure of the microwave spectrum of H2CN+ has not been resolved. This research also allows a reliable prediction of the nuclear quadrupole moment of 14N, namely Q(14N)=2.00×10−26 cm2.
코로나19 위험지각이 화장품 구매행동에 미치는 영향 (2021)

본 연구는 코로나19 위험지각이 코로나19 이후 화장품 구매행동에 미치는 영향에 관하여 알아보기 위해 2021년 2월 12일부터 3월 12일까지 서울 및 수도권에 거주하는 20대에서 50대의 성인을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 회수된 설문지 중 불성실한 응답 11부를 제외한 후 최종 189부를 분석에 사용하였다. 수집된 자료들은 SPSS 21.0 프로그램을 활용하여 빈도분석, 기술통계분석, 요인분석, 신뢰도분석, 일원배치분산분석, 상관관계분석, 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석된 결과를 살펴보면, 첫째, 코로나19 위험지각의 하위요인의 평균은 불안, 감염, 생활의 순으로 나타났으며, 코로나19 이후 화장품 구매행동의 하위요인의 평균은 활동적소비, 개인적 선호, 구매태도의 순으로 나타났다. 둘째, 일반적특성에 따른 코로나19 위험지각의 차이는 유의미한 결과가 나타나지 않았다. 셋째, 코로나19 이후 화장품 구매행동의 차이에서는 연령과 최종학력에서 평균의 차이가 유의미하게 나타났다. 넷째, 코로나19 위험지각과 코로나19 이후 화장품 구매행동 간의 상호관련성을 살펴본 결과에서 코로나19 이후 화장품 구매행동의 개인적 선호는 코로나19 위험지각의 불안과 부의 상관을, 코로나19 이후 화장품 구매행동의 구매 태도는 코로나19 위험지각의 감염, 불안, 생활의 모든 요인에서 정의 상관이 나타났으며, 활동적 소비는 생활요인에서만 유의미한 상관관계가 나타났다. 다섯째, 코로나19 위험지각이 코로나19 이후 화장품구매행동에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과에서 코로나19 위험지각의 생활, 불안 요인의 순서로 코로나19 이후 화장품 구매행동에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 화장품 산업에서 코로나19 이후의 소비자가 보여주는 화장품 구매행동의 변화된 소비형태를 반영하여 화장품 산업의 발전에 적극적으로 활용될 수 있는 전략적 방안을 제시하고자 한다.
Spiral Antennas in RFID and Their Size Reduction and Performance Enhancement (2007)

This paper reviews the state of the art of the spiral antenna used in RFID, and discusses design approaches and techniques for its performance enhancement, size reduction, as well as compatibility with operating environments, by using techniques including the slow-wave antenna and the magneto-dielectric antenna.
Accuracy and Precision of the Corneal Analysis System and the Topographic Modeling System (1992)

Two computer-assisted topographic analysis systems were evaluated with calibrated spherical surfaces and normal human corneas. The Topographic Modeling System-1 (TMS-1) was found to be statistically more accurate in determining the power of calibrated spheres near the apex and at 1 mm from the apex than the Corneal Analysis System (CAS). The CAS, however, was statistically more accurate at 3 mm from the apex with each calibrated sphere. The small differences in accuracy between the two instruments, however, are unlikely to be of clinical significance. The topographic patterns on color-coded maps from 22 normal corneas of 11 subjects were similar with the two instruments. Simulated keratometry values with the CAS more accurately identified the keratometer-determined major cylinder axis compared with the TMS-1. Conversely, the TMS-1 was more accurate than the CAS at determining the level of corneal astigmatism.
High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of 17 beta-estradiol and 17 beta-estradiol-3-acetate solubilities and diffusion coefficients in silicone elastomeric intravaginal rings (2000)

A rapid, sensitive reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of in vitro release of 17 beta-estradiol and its ester prodrug, 17 beta-estradiol-3-acetate, from silicone intravaginal rings. Partial hydrolysis of the acetate under the aqueous conditions provided by the 1% benzalkonium chloride release medium necessitates its conversion to 17 beta-estradiol prior to HPLC analysis. Both steroid peaks have been fully resolved from the benzalkonium chloride peaks by the reported chromatographic method,which employs a C-18 bonded reversed-phase column, an acetonitrile-water (50:50, v/v) mobile phase and a UV detection wavelength of 281 nm. The peak area versus 17 beta-estradiol concentration was found to be linear over the range of 0.0137-1347 mu g ml(-1) The HPLC method has also been used to determine the silicone solubilities and diffusion coefficients of the two related steroids. The almost 100-fold increase in 17 beta-estradiol-3-acetate release from the silicone core-type intravaginal rings compared to 17 beta-estradiol is shown to be due to a 60-fold increase in silicone solubility and a one and a half-fold increase in diffusitivity. The results demonstrate that an effective estrogen replacement therapy dose of 17 beta-estradiol may be administered from a silicone intravaginal reservoir device containing the labile 17 beta-estradiol-3-acetate prodrug. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Ribosomal Elongation of Cyclic γ-Amino Acids using a Reprogrammed Genetic Code (2020)

Because γ-amino acids generally undergo rapid self-cyclization upon esterification on the carboxyl group, for example, γ-aminoacyl-tRNA, there are no reports of the ribosomal elongation of γ-amino acids to the best of our knowledge. To avoid such self-cyclization, we utilized cyclic γ-amino acids and demonstrated their elongation into a peptide chain. Although the incorporation of the cyclic γ-amino acids is intrinsically slow, we here show that the combination of elongation factor P and engineered tRNAs improves cyclic γ-amino acid incorporation efficiency. Via this method, thioether-macrocyclic peptides containing not only cyclic γ-amino acids but also d-α-, <i>N</i>-methyl-α-, and cyclic β-amino acids were expressed under the reprogrammed genetic code. Ribosomally synthesized macrocyclic peptide libraries containing cyclic γ-amino acids should be applicable to in vitro screening methodologies such as mRNA display for discovering novel peptide drugs.
TIMP‐1 regulates cell proliferation by interacting with the ninth zinc finger domain of PLZF (2007)

The tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are multifunctional proteins that specifically inhibit matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and regulate extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover and tissue remodeling. This is directed by forming tightly bound inhibitory complexes with MMPs. Recent years have revealed important differences of various biological activities between TIMP families but molecular mechanisms are not clear. To define the molecular mechanisms of TIMP-1-dependent biological processes, we used TIMP-1 as bait in a yeast two-hybrid screen, along with a human ovary cDNA library. Further characterization revealed the ninth zinc finger domain as an interacting domain of the promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein (PLZF). Interaction of PLZF with TIMP-1 in mammalian cells was also confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and with in vitro binding assays. We investigated whether TIMP-1-mediated anti-apoptotic activity could promote the growth of ovarian cancer in an experimental model system. TIMP-1 treatment was found to be more effective at increasing ovarian cancer growth when compared with PLZF in parallel experiments. Subsequently, the efficacy of a combined treatment with TIMP-1 and PLZF was investigated. In the presence of both of these proteins, TIMP-1 significantly reduced apoptosis induced by PLZF in cervical carcinoma cells. These combined results indicate that TIMP-1 functions as an anti-activator of the transcriptional repressive activity of PLZF.
Induced Maturation of Striped Bass Morone saxatilis Exposed to 6, 9, and 12 Month Photothermal Regimes (1994)

Abstract Photoperiod and temperature manipulation were used to induce out‐of‐season spawning in striped bass Morone saxatilis Maturational status of 40 age V striped bass, held in five environmental chambers exposed to compressed 6 mo and 9 mo cycles and a 12 mo reference cycle, was monitored by monthly egg and gonadal (ultrasound) diameter measurements. The primary effect of shortened photothermal and reproductive cycles was a reduction in egg and ovary diameters, and the number of ovulating females. Egg diameters were directly related to cycle length, averaging 845 μm, 946 μm, and 1,073 μm for females held on the 6, 9, and 12 mo cycles, respectively. Ovary diameters of females held on the 6 mo cycle were smaller (19.6 mm) than those held on the 9 mo (27.4 mm) and 12 mo (24.5 mm) cycles. Ovary diameter was highly correlated with egg diameter ( r = 0.91). The number of ovulating females decreased with cycle length, totalling 38%, 88%, and 100% in the 6, 9, and 12 mo cycles, respectively. However, no differences in fecundity (58,452 eggslkg) or fertility (39%) were detected between photothermal treatments or tank‐spawned and strigspawned females. When held for a second 6 mo cycle, none of the females spawned repetitively. Males held on the 6 mo cycle had smaller testicular diameters (16.2 mm) than those held on 9 mo (23.6 mm) and 12 mo (19.2 mm) cycles. Testicular diameter of spermiating males (15.7 nun) was significantly larger than that of non‐spermiating males (6.9 mm) in all cycles. The low number of spawning females and small egg, ovarian, and testicular diameter offish held on the 6 mo cycle suggest that subjecting striped bass brood stock to an abbreviated cycle length (&lt;9 mo) constrains maturation development and reproductive success.
Multi-compartment scaffold fabricated via 3D-printing as in vitro co-culture osteogenic model (2018)

The development of in vitro 3D models to get insights into the mechanisms of bone regeneration could accelerate the translation of experimental findings to the clinic, reducing costs and duration of experiments. This work explores the design and manufacturing of multi-compartments structures in poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) 3D-printed by Fused Filament Fabrication technique. The construct was designed with interconnected stalls to host stem cells and endothelial cells. Cells were encapsulated within an optimised gellan gum (GG)-based hydrogel matrix, crosslinked using strontium (Sr<sup>2+</sup>) ions to exploit its bioactivity and finally, assembled within compartments with different sizes. Calcium (Ca<sup>2+</sup>)-crosslinked gels were also used as control for comparison of Sr<sup>2+</sup> osteogenic effect. The results obtained demonstrated that Sr<sup>2+</sup> ions were successfully diffused within the hydrogel matrix and increased the hydrogel matrix strength properties under compressive load. The in vitro co-culture of human-TERT mesenchymal stem cells (TERT- hMSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), encapsulated within Sr<sup>2+</sup> ions containing GG-hydrogels and inter-connected by compartmentalised scaffolds under osteogenic conditions, enhanced cell viability and supported osteogenesis, with a significant increase of alkaline phosphatase activity, osteopontin and osteocalcin respect with the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-crosslinked GG-PCL scaffolds. These outcomes demonstrate that the design and manufacturing of compartmentalised co-culture of TERT-hMSCs and HUVEC populations enables an effective system to study and promote osteogenesis.