gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A MODELLING APPROACH TO EXTRA VIRGIN OLIVE OIL EXTRACTION (2007)

In the present work is described a feasibility assessment for a new approach in virgin olive oil production control system. A predicting or simulating algorithm is implemented as artificial neural network based software, using literature found data concerning parameters related to olive grove, process, machine. Test and validation proved this tool is able to answer two different frequently asked questions by olive oil mill operators, using few agronomic and technological parameters with time and cost saving: â€“ which quality level is up to oil extracted from defined olive lot following a defined process (predicting mode); â€“ which process and machine parameters set would determine highest quality level for oil extracted from a defined olive lot (simulating mode).
Thermal morphing anisogrid smart space structures: Part 1. Introduction, modeling, and performance of the novel smart structural application (2017)

To meet the requirements for the next generation of space missions, a paradigm shift is required from current structures that are static, heavy, and stiff to innovative structures that are adaptive, lightweight, versatile, and intelligent. The largest benefit provided by this new structural concept is in the ability to deliver high precision position stability. The conventional high precision structural design uses two decoupled systems to achieve positional stability. First, a high mass structure delivers the effectively infinite stiffness and thermal stability so that no deformations occur under all operational loading conditions. Second, to meet the morphing and on-orbit positional requirements, supplementary mechanisms provide the nano, micro, and macro displacement control required. This paper proposes the use of a novel morphing structure, the thermally actuated anisogrid morphing boom, to meet the design requirements through actively morphing the primary structure in order to adapt to the on-orbit environment and meet both requirements in a consolidated structure. The proposed concept achieves the morphing control through the use of thermal strain to actuate the individual helical members in the anisogrid structure. Properly controlling the temperatures of multiple helical members can introduce six degree of freedom morphing control. This system couples the use of low coefficient of thermal expansion materials with precise thermal control to provide the high precision morphing capability. This concept has the potential to provide substantial mass reductions relative to current methods and meet the high precision displacement requirements of spacecraft systems. This paper will detail the concept itself, demonstrate the modeling procedure, and investigate the design space to quantify the potential of the thermally morphing anisogrid smart structure.
[Experimental study for a combination chemo-immunotherapy using dendritic cells]. (2004)

This study was designed to seek for the optimal anticancer agents for a combination of chemotherapy and specific immunotherapy using dendritic cells (DC) in gastric cancer. We investigated the immuno-suppressive activity of anticancer agents on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), apoptosis inducing activity on gastric cancer cells and expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 mRNA on immatureDCs (iDCs) by paclitaxel (TXL) and docetaxel (TXT). We further compared the cytotoxicity of cytotixic T lymphocytes (CTLs) induced by DCs pulsed with tumor cell lysate and apoptotic cells induced by TXT. Although most of the anticancer agents demonstrated the suppression activity on proliferation of PBMC in a dose dependent manner, TXT, doxifluridine and irinotecan did not show the suppressive activity on PBMC even in the highest drug concentration. About 60% of gastric cancer cells demonstrated apoptosis after a 24-48 hour treatment with both TXL and TXT. Expression of TLR-4 mRNA in iDCs was up-regulated by TXT, not by TXL, and peaked at 2 hours after the treatment. CTLs induced by DCs pulsed with tumor cell lysate and apoptotic cells showed a similar killing activity to target cells. These results suggest that TXT appears to be an optimal anticancer agent for a combination therapy with chemotherapy and tumor specific immunotherapy using dendritic cells in gastric cancer.
In vivo assessment of brain interstitial fluid with microdialysis reveals plaque-associated changes in amyloid-beta metabolism and half-life. (2003)

Soluble amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide converts to structures with high beta-sheet content in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Soluble Abeta is released by neurons into the brain interstitial fluid (ISF), in which it can convert into toxic aggregates. Because assessment of ISF Abeta levels may provide unique insights into Abeta metabolism and AD, an in vivo microdialysis technique was developed to measure it. Our Abeta microdialysis technique was validated ex vivo with human CSF and then in vivo in awake, freely moving mice. Using human amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice, we found that, before the onset of AD-like pathology, ISF Abeta in hippocampus and cortex correlated with levels of APP in those tissues. After the onset of Abeta deposition, significant changes in the ISF Abeta40/Abeta42 ratio developed without changes in Abeta1-x. These changes differed from changes seen in tissue lysates from the same animals. By rapidly inhibiting Abeta production, we found that ISF Abeta half-life was short ( approximately 2 hr) in young mice but was twofold longer in mice with Abeta deposits. This increase in half-life, without an increase in steady-state levels, suggests that inhibition of Abeta synthesis reveals a portion of the insoluble Abeta pool that is in dynamic equilibrium with ISF Abeta. This now measurable in vivo pool is a likely target for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
ChemInform Abstract: Potassium 4‐Iodylbenzenesulfonate: Preparation, Structure, and Application as a Reagent for Oxidative Iodination of Arenes. (2013)

Abstract A thermally stable and water‐soluble hypervalent iodine oxidant for oxidative iodination of aromatic substrates is synthesized.
Polymer Planar Bragg Gratings (2015)

Abstract Combining the advantageous properties of cyclo olefin copolymers (COC) with a rapid UV laser based fabrication process, we highlight the generation of planar waveguide Bragg gratings suitable for multi‐axial strain sensing (Fig. 1). Bragg gratings are optical filters reflecting a small wavelength band, which is determined by the spatial grating period and the effective refractive index. As both determining factors depend, e. g., on mechanical load conditions and temperature, measuring the reflected Bragg wavelength facilitates optical sensing of these conditions.
T cell-intrinsic IL-10 signaling negatively regulates Th1 immunity by restraining IL-12 responsiveness of effector T cells. (49.20) (2010)

Abstract The principal mechanism by which IL-10 mediates downregulation of T cell immunity is through its action on antigen presenting cells, including dendritic cells and macrophages. Whether or not T cells themselves are important physiologic targets of IL-10 regulation has remained unclear. Here we report that transgenic mice expressing a dominant-negative acting, truncated form of the IL-10 R alpha chain in T cells (CD4-IL-10DNR transgenic mice) exhibit enhanced Th1 responses to the parasite, Toxoplasma gondii. CD4-IL-10DNR transgenic mice were considerably more susceptible to peroral T. gondii infection and exhibited enhanced production of IFN-gamma, but not IL-17 or IL-12, indicating that T cells are important targets of IL-10 downregulation in a Th1 response in vivo. To investigate the mechanism of IL-10’s negative effect on Th1 cytokine, we interrogated the ability of Th1 effector cells from the peritoneal cavity of T. gondii-primed mice to respond to IL-12. Our analysis showed that normally, effector cells are highly responsive to IL-12, but rapidly lose signaling competence 12 hrs following the challenge with parasites in vivo. Remarkably, effectors from CD4-IL-10DNR transgenic mice retain their IL-12 responsiveness under the same circumstances. Our results clearly establish the importance of T-cell intrinsic IL-10 signaling for the control of Th1 responses in vivo and shed light on a new mechanism for the antagonistic interactions between IL-10 and IL-12.
Tungsten as a marker in thin-film diffusion studies (1976)

Vacuum-deposited tungsten of about 30-Å thickness has been used as a diffusion marker in the reaction between a thin Co film and Si. In order to produce a discontinuous W film, it is necessary first to deposit a Sn film with island structure and then W, after which the Sn is dissolved. It was found by MeV He+ backscattering analysis that the W is located at the Co-Co2Si interface, which means that Co is the dominant diffuser in Co2Si.
An open-source software analysis package for Microspheres with Ratiometric Barcode Lanthanide Encoding (MRBLEs) (2018)

Abstract Multiplexed bioassays, in which multiple analytes of interest are probed in parallel within a single small volume, have greatly accelerated the pace of biological discovery. Bead-based multiplexed bioassays have many technical advantages, including near solution-phase kinetics, small sample volume requirements, many within-assay replicates to reduce measurement error, and, for some bead materials, the ability to synthesize analytes directly on beads via solid-phase synthesis. To allow bead-based multiplexing, analytes can be synthesized on spectrally encoded beads with a 1:1 linkage between analyte identity and embedded codes. Bead-bound analyte libraries can then be pooled and incubated with a fluorescently-labeled macromolecule of interest, allowing downstream quantification of interactions between the macromolecule and all analytes simultaneously via imaging alone. Extracting quantitative binding data from these images poses several computational image processing challenges, requiring the ability to identify all beads in each image, quantify bound fluorescent material associated with each bead, and determine their embedded spectral code to reveal analyte identities. Here, we present a novel open-source Python software package (the mrbles analysis package) that provides the necessary tools to: (1) find encoded beads in a bright-field microscopy image; (2) quantify bound fluorescent material associated with bead perimeters; (3) identify embedded ratiometric spectral codes within beads; and (4) return data aggregated by embedded code and for each individual bead. We demonstrate the utility of this package by applying it towards analyzing data generated via multiplexed measurement of calcineurin protein binding to MRBLEs ( M icrospheres with R atiometric B arcode L anthanide E ncoding) containing known and mutant binding peptide motifs. We anticipate that this flexible package should be applicable to a wide variety of assays, including simple bead or droplet finding analysis, quantification of binding to non-encoded beads, and analysis of multiplexed assays that use ratiometric, spectrally encoded beads.
Investigation of a repetitive pulsed electrothermal thruster (1986)

A pulsed electrothermal (PET) thruster with 1000:1 ratio nozzle is tested in a repetitive mode on water propellant. The thruster is driven by a 60J pulse forming network at repetition rates up to 10 Hz (600W). The pulse forming network has a .31 ohm impedance, well matched to the capillary discharge resistance of .40 ohm, and is directly coupled to the thruster electrodes without a switch. The discharge is initiated by high voltage breakdown, typically at 2500V, through the water vapor in the interelectrode gap. Water is injected as a jet through a .37 mm orifice on the thruster axis. Thruster voltage, current and impulse bit are recorded for several seconds at various power supply currents. Thruster to power ratio is typically T/P = .07 N/kW. Tank background pressure precludes direct measurement of exhaust velocity which is inferred from calculated pressure and temperature in the discharge to be about 14 km/sec. Efficiency, based on this velocity and measured T/P is .54 + or - .07. Thruster ablation is zero at the throat and becomes measurable further upstream, indicating that radiative ablation is occurring late in the pulse.
PSEUDO-STEADY INDENTATION CREEP (2010)

Theoretical analysis and computational modeling have been performed to carry out constant-indentation strain rate tests. Results show that both the indentation pressure and indentation strain rate become constant after a lapse of loading time. Moreover, the finite element simulation reveals that the contour-line patterns of equivalent stress and equivalent plastic stain rate underneath a conical indenter evolve with geometrical self-similarity corresponding to indenter displacement. This finding confirms that pseudo-steady indentation creep occurs in the region beneath the indenter. We define representative points in the underlying material as those with equivalent stress equal to the indentation pressure divided by a constraint coefficient of 3. During the pseudo-steady indentation creep of a power-law material, the equivalent plastic strain rate at these points is proportional to the indentation strain rate for compatibility. These results point out that a constitutive equation for the tensile creep of a power-law material can be predicted by constant-indentation strain rate tests.
Impact of absolute junction temperature on power cycling lifetime (2013)

The influence of the absolute junction temperature T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j</sub> * on IGBT power module lifetime was systematically investigated by means of active power cycling tests. Both the impact on the wire bond lift-off and the chip solder degradation mechanism could be determined separately by applying the concept of separating failure modes. The test results not only prove that classical lifetime models overestimate the influence of T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j</sub> *, but also show that the two dominant failure mechanisms have to be treated differently. The wire bond lift-off failure mode is weakly affected by the absolute temperature level and possesses a very small activation energy of 0.069 eV. The solder degradation mode exhibits a significantly larger activation energy of 0.159 eV, which results in a massive decrease (factor 3) in power cycling capability when increasing T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j</sub> * by 85 K. For junction temperatures above 175°C SnAg-based solder joints are no longer suitable for reliable power module designs and advanced die attach technologies such as silver sintering have to be deployed. For the description of such advanced power modules specific lifetime curves are under development which exclusively represent the pure wire bond lifetime, as for common power cycling conditions the silver sintered die attach is not subjected to ageing.
The Time is Crucial for Ex Vivo Expansion of T Regulatory Cells for Therapy (2011)

Ex vivo expanded CD4(+)CD25(high)CD127(-) T regulatory cells (Tregs) are recognized as a promising candidate for immunosuppressive therapy in humans. However, due to the plasticity of Tregs lineage and artificial environment present during ex vivo expansion, Tregs easily lose suppressive activity. Here, we followed expanding CD4(+)CD25(high)CD127(-) Tregs and their naive (CD45RA(+)) and memory-like (CD45RA(-)) subsets in order to establish the best conditions of the expansion. We found that, regardless of the phenotype sorted, expanding Tregs were undergoing changes resembling homeostatic proliferation and transformed into effector memory-like cells which produced not only suppressive interleukin-10 (IL-10) but also IL-6, IL-17, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). With the time ex vivo, Tregs were losing the expression of FoxP3 and suppressive activity both when stimulated and when at rest. The only variable that helped preserve suppressive abilities of Tregs was the limitation of the time of ex vivo cultures to 2 weeks only. According to our study, the highest number of highly suppressive Tregs could be yielded with CD4(+)CD25(high)CD127(-) Tregs cultured no longer than 2 weeks. Thorough quality check, preferentially with the assessment of FoxP3 expression and IFN-γ suppression assay, should be applied to assess suppressive activity of the cells.
Reactor coolant seal testing under station blackout conditions (1988)

Failures of reactor coolant pump (RCP) seals that could result in a significant loss-of-coolant inventory are of current concern to the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Particular attention is being focused on seal behavior during station blackout conditions, when failure of on-site emergency diesel generators occurs simultaneously with loss of all off-site alternating current power. Under these conditions, both seal injection flow and component cooling water flow are lost, and the RCP seals are exposed to full reactor coolant temperature. Overheating of elastomeric components and flashing of coolant across the sealing faces can cause unacceptably high leakage rates, with potential catastrophic consequences. A test program has been conducted that subjects full-scale seal cartridges to typical pressurized water reactor (PWR) coolant system steady-state and transient operation conditions including associated dynamic shaft motions. A special test segment was developed to evaluate seal operation under station blackout conditions. The test program successfully mirrored the severity of an actual loss-of-seal cooling water event under station blackout conditions, and the Byron Jackson{reg sign} N-9000 seal cartridge maintained its integrity.
Window and Acknowledgement Strategy in TCP (1982)

This RFC describes implementation strategies to deal with two
mechanisms in TCP, the window and the acknowledgement. It also
presents a particular set of algorithms which have received testing in
the field, and which appear to work properly with each other. With
more experience, these algorithms may become part of the formal
specification, until such time their use is recommended.
Aprepitant, an antiemetic agent, interferes with metal ion homeostasis ofCandida aurisand displays potent synergistic interactions with azole drugs (2020)

With the rapid increase in the frequency of azole-resistant species, combination therapy appears to be a promising tool to augment the antifungal activity of azole drugs against resistant <i>Candida</i> species. Here, we report the effect of aprepitant, an antiemetic agent, on the antifungal activities of azole drugs against the multidrug-resistant <i>Candida auris</i>. Aprepitant reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of itraconazole <i>in vitro</i>, by up to eight-folds. Additionally, the aprepitant/itraconazole combination interfered significantly with the biofilm-forming ability of <i>C. auris</i> by 95 ± 0.13%, and significantly disrupted mature biofilms by 52 ± 0.83%, relative to the untreated control. In a <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> infection model, the aprepitant/itraconazole combination significantly prolonged the survival of infected nematodes by ~90% (five days post-infection) and reduced the fungal burden by ~92% relative to the untreated control. Further, this novel drug combination displayed broad-spectrum synergistic interactions against other medically important <i>Candida</i> species such as <i>C. albicans, C. krusei, C. tropicalis</i>, and <i>C. parapsilosis</i> (ƩFICI ranged from 0.08 to 0.31). Comparative transcriptomic profiling and mechanistic studies indicated aprepitant/itraconazole interferes significantly with metal ion homeostasis and compromises the ROS detoxification ability of <i>C. auris</i>. This study presents aprepitant as a novel, potent, and broad-spectrum azole chemosensitizing agent that warrants further investigation.
Rescue of deficits by Brwd1 copy number restoration in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome (2022)

With an incidence of ~1 in 800 births, Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal condition linked to intellectual disability worldwide. While the genetic basis of DS has been identified as a triplication of chromosome 21 (HSA21), the genes encoded from HSA21 that directly contribute to cognitive deficits remain incompletely understood. Here, we found that the HSA21-encoded chromatin effector, BRWD1, was upregulated in neurons derived from iPS cells from an individual with Down syndrome and brain of trisomic mice. We showed that selective copy number restoration of Brwd1 in trisomic animals rescued deficits in hippocampal LTP, cognition and gene expression. We demonstrated that Brwd1 tightly binds the BAF chromatin remodeling complex, and that increased Brwd1 expression promotes BAF genomic mistargeting. Importantly, Brwd1 renormalization rescued aberrant BAF localization, along with associated changes in chromatin accessibility and gene expression. These findings establish BRWD1 as a key epigenomic mediator of normal neurodevelopment and an important contributor to DS-related phenotypes.
Prozessanalytik in der Biotechnologie (2006)

Definition der Biotechnologie Randbedingungen Prozesstechnik Regulatorische Aspekte Produktumfeld Übersicht über verwendete Methoden Offline/atline Online Inline Beispiele für den Einsatz der Prozessanalytik in der Biotechnologie Prozessschritte beim Arbeiten mit Mikroorganismen Mikrobielle Fermentationsverfahren Aufarbeitungsverfahren Biotransformationen Prozessführung Prozessanalytik Zellkulturtechnik Sonderfelder in der Biotechnologie Feststofffermentationen Abwasseraufarbeitung Auswerteverfahren
Controlling the Kinetics of Contact Electrification with Patterned Surfaces (2009)

This communication describes a new approach for controlling static charging (contact electrification), and resulting electrical discharging, that occurs when two contacting materials separate. The prevention of contact electrification is an important problem; unwanted adhesion between oppositely charged materials, spark-initiated explosions, and damage to microelectronic circuitry are some of the deleterious effects of static charging. Current strategies for controlling contact electrification rely upon dissipating an accumulated charge by making contacting surfaces conductive and, therefore, can be difficult to implement with electrically insulating materials. Specifically, using our understanding of the ion-transfer mechanism of contact electrification, we patterned glass slides with negatively charging areas (clean glass) and positively charging areas (glass silanized with a cationic siloxane terminated with a quaternary ammonium group). The rate of charge separation due to a steel sphere rolling on the patterned glass surface correlated linearly with the percentage of the glass surface that was silanized; the rate of charge transfer was minimal when 50% of the glass surface area was silanized. Patterned surfaces also prevented electrical discharges between electrically conducting (bare steel) or insulating (acrylate-coated steel) spheres rolling on the glass, because the rate of charging was sufficiently slow to prevent electric fields greater than the dielectric strength of air to develop. This strategy for preventing static charging therefore does not require one of the two contacting surfaces to be electrically conductive. More generally, these results show that our enhanced understanding of the ion-transfer mechanism of contact electrification enables the rational design of chemically tailored surfaces for functional electrets.