gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of Monolithic Microwave Integrated Amplifiers as Readout for Detectors at 4.2 K (2010)

Readout amplifiers with high bandwidth and extremely low power dissipation at liquid helium temperature for various superconducting detectors (e.g. SNSPD, HEB and MKID) are necessary to increase the small detector output signals. Different types of cryogenic amplifiers were developed for these applications. The required combination of low noise, large bandwidth, high voltage gain and low power consumption is a driving force for an on-going process of improvements. In this paper, the developments of cryogenic low power hybrid amplifiers, which are based on commercial p-HEMT transistors, will be reported and discussed. In addition, simulation and measurement results of the first developed monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) amplifier for low power operation will be presented. The MMICs are based on a metamorphic HEMT technology and are realized on a 3×1.5 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> area. First measurements at room temperature showed a bandwidth of 0.3 GHz up to 9 GHz with a gain of 23 dB at 90 mW and 1.3 GHz up to 8 GHz with 20 dB of gain at 42 mW, respectively. The power consumption could be reduced by cooling the devices down to 7.2 K. At almost identical bandwidths, the measured gain decreased to 10 dB at 22 mW and 15 dB at 9.5 mW.
Color Constancy Algorithm Using Weighted Multi-scale Correction Coefficients (2016)

The degraded images can be improved by image quality enhancement techniques considering color, contrast, and various other parameters related to images. Based on color constancy, the previous image enhancement algorithms, such as white patch assumption (WPA) and gray world assumption (GWA) algorithms, have several limitations. The color correction of resulting image has an antagonistic effect if the local region of an input image is biased by an individual color. Also, the correction result is degraded when the image does not have any white patches. Furthermore, the resulting image has low saturation, which degrades the correction result if images have monotonic color. To improve on these limitations, this paper proposed a color image enhancement algorithm based on the weighted multi-scale compensation coefficients using GWA algorithm. The multi-scale Gaussian filter is used for computing average values of local and global degraded color and calculating correction coefficients for size, pixel, and channel of multi-scale filtered images independently based on the brightness of the image. Then, the weights are determined for weight-sum of multi-scale correction coefficients by analyzing local color distribution of the image. Finally, the degraded color is improved by utilizing correction coefficients, which are integrated in original image, and degraded color saturation is improved using the proposed weights. The experimental results have shown that, compared with previous algorithms, the proposed algorithm improved color and contrast of various degraded image and produced better correction results.
An Automatic Virtual Patient Reconstruction from CT-Scans for Hepatic Surgical Planning (2000)

We have developed new tools for hepatic surgical planning allowing a better surgery through an automatic delineation and visualization of anatomical and pathological structures. These tools represent a first step towards the development of an augmented reality system combined with computer assisted tele-robotical surgery.
Sampling mites in almonds: I. Within-tree distribution and clumping pattern of mites with comments on predator-prey interactions (1984)

Tetranychus spp. and peach silver mite, Aculus cornutus, are distributed randomly within the foliage of almond trees. Both, however, have extremely clumped patterns of distribution on a per leaf sample unit. The pattern of distribution for Tetranychus spp. was additionally affected by the phytoseiid mite, Metaseiulus occidentalis, the pattern being less clumped with the predator present. M. occidentalis was considerably less clumped than observed for the other mites. Additional analyses indicate that, except at low Tetranychus spp. densities, approximately one M. occidentalis per ten Tetranychus is sufficient to reduce the prey density 2 weeks hence. The distribution relationships in this paper provide a framework for development of a quantitative Tetranychus spp. monitoring program, presented in the following paper.
Electromagnetically tracked ultrasound for small animal imaging (2010)

The fusion of computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound (US) imaging has recently been examined for guiding interventional procedures such as biopsy, local drug delivery and radiofrequency ablation. During combined CT/US procedures, US facilitates real time visualization of blood flow and tissue structure, while CT provides a three-dimensional view of an extended region and is capable of differentiating tissue types based on Hounsfield units (HU). Our laboratory is working to extend this fusion to include therapeutic US co-registered with CT. Here, we demonstrate the ability to differentiate fat, protein-rich regions, and bone with CT by comparing segmented CT images to histology. Then we present methods for semi-automated registration between tracked US and CT with the objective of imaging and guiding acoustic therapy in small animals. A calibration phantom and fiducial markers were used to generate accurate transformation between the real-time US and pre-acquired CT image stack. The mean error in transducer calibration was 0.7±0.5mm with a maximum error of 1.75mm. Target registration error (TRE) of 1.98+/-1.12mm was observed between US and CT images of a dual-modality phantom. The combined CT/US system provides CT-based guidance with enough accuracy to plan and guide US-induced hyperthermia.
Efficient Submodular Function Maximization under Linear Packing\n Constraints (2010)

We study the problem of maximizing a monotone submodular set function subject\nto linear packing constraints. An instance of this problem consists of a matrix\n$A \\in [0,1]^{m \\times n}$, a vector $b \\in [1,\\infty)^m$, and a monotone\nsubmodular set function $f: 2^{[n]} \\rightarrow \\bbR_+$. The objective is to\nfind a set $S$ that maximizes $f(S)$ subject to $A x_{S} \\leq b$, where $x_S$\nstands for the characteristic vector of the set $S$. A well-studied special\ncase of this problem is when $f$ is linear. This special case captures the\nclass of packing integer programs.\n Our main contribution is an efficient combinatorial algorithm that achieves\nan approximation ratio of $\\Omega(1 / m^{1/W})$, where $W = \\min\\{b_i / A_{ij}\n: A_{ij} &gt; 0\\}$ is the width of the packing constraints. This result matches\nthe best known performance guarantee for the linear case. One immediate\ncorollary of this result is that the algorithm under consideration achieves\nconstant factor approximation when the number of constraints is constant or\nwhen the width of the constraints is sufficiently large. This motivates us to\nstudy the large width setting, trying to determine its exact approximability.\nWe develop an algorithm that has an approximation ratio of $(1 - \\epsilon)(1 -\n1/e)$ when $W = \\Omega(\\ln m / \\epsilon^2)$. This result essentially matches\nthe theoretical lower bound of $1 - 1/e$. We also study the special setting in\nwhich the matrix $A$ is binary and $k$-column sparse. A $k$-column sparse\nmatrix has at most $k$ non-zero entries in each of its column. We design a fast\ncombinatorial algorithm that achieves an approximation ratio of $\\Omega(1 /\n(Wk^{1/W}))$, that is, its performance guarantee only depends on the sparsity\nand width parameters.\n
Comparison between chloral hydrate and propofol-ketamine as sedation regimens for pediatric auditory brainstem response testing (2019)

Abstract Introduction: The use of diagnostic auditory brainstem response testing under sedation is currently the "gold standard" in infants and young children who are not developmentally capable of completing the test. Objective: The aim of the study is to compare a propofol-ketamine regimen to an oral chloral hydrate regimen for sedating children undergoing auditory brainstem response testing. Methods: Patients between 4 months and 6 years who required sedation for auditory brainstem response testing were included in this retrospective study. Drugs doses, adverse effects, sedation times, and the effectiveness of the sedative regimens were reviewed. Results: 73 patients underwent oral chloral hydrate sedation, while 117 received propofol-ketamine sedation. 12% of the patients in the chloral hydrate group failed to achieve desired sedation level. The average procedure, recovery and total nursing times were significantly lower in the propofol-ketamine group. Propofol-ketamine group experienced higher incidence of transient hypoxemia. Conclusion: Both sedation regimens can be successfully used for sedating children undergoing auditory brainstem response testing. While deep sedation using propofol-ketamine regimen offers more efficiency than moderate sedation using chloral hydrate, it does carry a higher incidence of transient hypoxemia, which warrants the use of a highly skilled team trained in pediatric cardio-respiratory monitoring and airway management.
Redistribution of the tight junction protein ZO-1 during physiological shedding of mouse intestinal epithelial cells (2011)

We questioned how tight junctions contribute to intestinal barrier function during the cell shedding that is part of physiological cell renewal. Intravital confocal microscopy studied the jejunal villus epithelium of mice expressing a fluorescent zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) fusion protein. Vital staining also visualized the cell nucleus (Hoechst staining) or local permeability to luminal constituents (Lucifer Yellow; LY). In a cell fated to be shed, ZO-1 redistributes from the tight junction toward the apical and then basolateral cell region. ZO-1 rearrangement occurs 15 ± 6 min (n = 28) before movement of the cell nucleus from the epithelial layer. During cell extrusion, permeation of luminal LY extends along the lateral intercellular spaces of the shedding cell only as far as the location of ZO-1. Within 3 min after detachment from the epithelial layer, nuclear chromatin condenses. After cell loss, a residual patch of ZO-1 remains in the space previously occupied by the departed cell, and the size of the patch shrinks to 14 ± 2% (n = 15) of the original cell space over 20 min. The duration of cell shedding measured by nucleus movement (14 ± 1 min) is much less than the total duration of ZO-1 redistribution at the same sites (45 ± 2 min). In about 15% of cell shedding cases, neighboring epithelial cells also undergo extrusion with a delay of 5-10 min. With the use of normal mice, ZO-1 immunofluorescent staining of fixed tissue confirmed ZO-1 redistribution and the presence of ZO-1 patches beneath shedding cells. Immunostaining also showed that redistribution of ZO-1 occurred without corresponding mixing of apical and basolateral membrane domains as marked by ezrin or E-cadherin. ZO-1 redistribution is the earliest cellular event yet identified as a herald of physiological cell shedding, and redistribution of tight junction function along the lateral plasma membrane sustains epithelial barrier during cell shedding.
Gastrointestinal Degradation of Fumonisin B1 by Carboxylesterase FumD Prevents Fumonisin Induced Alteration of Sphingolipid Metabolism in Turkey and Swine (2016)

The mycotoxin fumonisin B₁ (FB₁) is a frequent contaminant of feed and causes various adverse health effects in domestic animals. Hence, effective strategies are needed to prevent the impact of fumonisins on livestock productivity. Here we evaluated the capability of the fumonisin carboxylesterase FumD to degrade FB₁ to its less toxic metabolite hydrolyzed FB₁ (HFB₁) in the gastrointestinal tract of turkeys and pigs. First, an ex vivo pig model was used to examine the activity of FumD under digestive conditions. Within 2 h of incubation with FumD, FB₁ was completely degraded to HFB₁ in the duodenum and jejunum, respectively. To test the efficacy of the commercial application of FumD (FUMzyme) in vivo, female turkeys (n = 5) received either basal feed (CON), fumonisin-contaminated feed (15 mg/kg FB₁+FB₂; FB) or fumonisin-contaminated feed supplemented with FUMzyme (15 U/kg; FB+FUMzyme) for 14 days ad libitum. Addition of FUMzyme resulted in significantly decreased levels of FB₁ in excreta, whereas HFB₁ concentrations were significantly increased. Compared to the FB group (0.24 ± 0.02), the mean serum sphinganine-to-sphingosine (Sa/So) ratio was significantly reduced in the FB+FUMzyme group (0.19 ± 0.02), thus resembling values of the CON group (0.16 ± 0.02). Similarly, exposure of piglets (n = 10) to 2 mg/kg FB₁+FB₂ for 42 days caused significantly elevated serum Sa/So ratios (0.39 ± 0.15) compared to the CON group (0.14 ± 0.01). Supplementation with FUMzyme (60 U/kg) resulted in gastrointestinal degradation of FB₁ and unaffected Sa/So ratios (0.16 ± 0.02). Thus, the carboxylesterase FumD represents an effective strategy to detoxify FB₁ in the digestive tract of turkeys and pigs.
Polarization inverted (0001) / (000-1) ScAIN film resonators operating in second overtone mode (2012)

Polarization-inverted multilayered structure can excite high overtone mode resonance. Resonant frequency of high order mode resonator is higher than that of 1st mode resonator even though entire film thickness is same. The film thickness of high order mode resonator is thicker in same operating frequency. Therefore, high order mode resonator is expected to have high power handling capability. Polarization are controlled by bottom surface properties in epitaxial films, but polarization inverted multilayer structure can not be fabricated. We obtained polarization inversion in ScAlN film by Al target sputtering with small amount of Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ingot. Thickness extensional mode electromechanical coupling coefficient k <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> of the ScAlN film was estimated to be 0.21. Two layered polarization inverted ScAlN film resonator was prepared in this deposition process. Suppression of 1st mode resonance and excitation of 2nd overtone mode resonance were observed.
Properties of a 15-cm id Multipath CO_2 Laser Amplifier and Oscillator (1970)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text G. J. Dezenberg, E. L. Roy, and J. A. Merritt, "Properties of a 15-cm i.d. Multipath CO2 Laser Amplifier and Oscillator," Appl. Opt. 9, 516-517 (1970) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
[Treatment with octreotide (SMS 201-995) in a case of intestinal carcinoid tumor]. (1991)

Over the past few years the usefulness of some somatostatin's analogues in the treatment of intestinal tract endocrine tumors has been demonstrated. Notwithstanding, the results obtained are variable. The case of a carcinoid tumor with a hepatic metastasis is presented and its clinical as well as its biochemical and its morphological results are evaluated after treatment with octreotide over a seven months period. It is important to highlight the great clinical improvement obtained at the beginning of treatment. Treatment was not effective in the control of tumor progression. After the injection of such a drug, a decrease in serotonin and 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid serum levels was observed as well as a reduction in the urinary metabolite. It is concluded that octreotide is very useful for the symptomatic treatment of carcinoid syndrome.
Biologic Augmentation of Rotator Cuff Tendon-Healing with Use of a Mixture of Osteoinductive Growth Factors* (2007)

This model tests the effects of growth factors on scar tissue formation in a gap between tendon and bone. The administration of osteoinductive growth factors resulted in greater formation of new bone, fibrocartilage, and soft tissue, with a concomitant increase in tendon attachment strength but less stiffness than repairs treated with the collagen sponge carrier alone.
Isolation buffer calcium concentration and subsequent acute effects of insulin on metabolism of perfused rat liver. (1983)

During the surgical isolation for subsequent perfusion in situ with blood containing 1.3 mM Ca, livers from fed male rats were perfused with buffer containing 1.3 or 3.6 mM Ca. Total liver Ca was unaffected by buffer concentration and did not differ from non-perfused controls. In all groups a negative relationship was found between serum Ca and K+ concentrations and serum K+ was depressed by insulin and high buffer Ca while serum Ca was raised by the latter. Blood glucose was raised by isolation at high buffer Ca but was lowered by insulin with an increase in liver glycogen in both groups. Ketogenesis was unaffected by buffer Ca and was inhibited by insulin. The hormone raised serum triacylglycerol secretion and liver triacylglycerols in both groups, but the latter increase was abolished at the higher buffer Ca concentration. This effect on liver triacylglycerols may be related to the rise in microsomal Ca-ATPase activity found in these livers. We conclude that use of high concentrations of Ca in the isolation buffer, which may maintain hormone sensitivity in isolated hepatocytes, is not advantageous to the subsequent perfusion of the isolated liver with undiluted blood.
Increasing the Representation Accuracy of Quantum Simulations of Chemistry without Extra Quantum Resources (2020)

Proposals for experiments in quantum chemistry on quantum computers leverage the ability to target a subset of degrees of freedom containing the essential quantum behavior, sometimes called the active space. This approximation allows one to treat more difficult problems using fewer qubits and lower gate depths than would otherwise be possible. However, while this approximation captures many important qualitative features, it may leave the results wanting in terms of absolute accuracy (basis error) of the representation. In traditional approaches, increasing this accuracy requires increasing the number of qubits and an appropriate increase in circuit depth as well. Here we explore two techniques requiring no additional qubits or circuit depth that are able to remove much of this approximation in favor of additional measurements. The techniques are constructed and analyzed theoretically, and some numerical proof-of-concept calculations are shown. As an example, we show how to achieve the accuracy of a 20-qubit representation using only four qubits and a modest number of additional measurements for a hydrogen molecule. We close with an outlook on the impact such techniques may have on both near-term and fault-tolerant quantum simulations.
Operations Experience With a Wave and Wind Measurement Program in the Gulf of Alaska (1976)

ABSTRACT The Gulf of Alaska Wave and Wind Measurement Program (GAWWMP) has added extensively to the body of' knowledge covering operations in hostile environments. The primary objective was collection of wave and wind data; in addition, substantial experience has been gained in the use and performance of various mechanical and instrument systems. The results from 180 continuous buoy months of experience have been recorded and analyzed more than any other such effort has produced. This program has also yielded more wave spectral data than any other program of this type. Field measurement systems are analyzed extensively and revisions of the systems are discussed. Other elements discussed include the performance of an internal data logger - which has provided to be both reliable am accurate batteries, telemetry systems, and shore-based weather recorders. The buoy mooring system proved to be the most troublesome problem particularly in the first few months of operations. Based on these experiences in the Gulf of Alaska, certain improvements of the system will be used in similar studies planned for the U. S. East-Coast. INSTRUMENTATION AND EQUIPMENT PERFORMANCE Waverider System The standard 0.7-meter diameter Datawell Waverider, with reserve buoyancy of 200 pounds, was considered insufficient to support the mooring loads caused by strong currents in certain areas. Therefore, some 0.9-meter diameter buoy hulls were constructed on special order and installed at the beginning of the program. With a battery pack double the size of-the 0.7-meter buoy, the 0.9-meter diameter buoy has reserve buoyancy of 520 pounds. Analysis of the telemetered data from the first 9 months operations showed that the 0.7-meter buoy was occasionally submerged by currents at two of three stations, whereas the 0.9-meter buoy submerged at none. In order to reduce the hazard of damage to the Waverider's accelerometer suspension due to the buoy's rolling along a passing vessel's hull, a triangular fender supplied by Datawell was installed on some waveriders Of the Waveriders that broke adrift, none of those recovered had the triangle remaining. Concern that the fenders might break off, slide down the mooring line and thus contribute to mooring failure led to discontinuing their use on GAWWMP. Mooring System The mooring design criteria selected for 100 fathoms included a step current profile-- 3 knots in the upper third of the water column, 2 knots in the lower third, and 1 knot in the lowest third with a significant wave height of 60 feet and period of 14 seconds. The design is illustrated in Figure 2. Its special features include low drag wire rope in surface currents, double length, of elastic rubber cord, flotation at depth to insure against chafing of fiber rope, and chain ground tackle. The performance of this mooring design, with and without rubber cords, in the expected conditions was analyzed by the National Data Buoy Center (NOAA) using a modified hullmooring dynamics program.
Whole genome amplification with SurePlex results in better copy number alteration detection using sequencing data compared to the MALBAC method (2015)

Current whole genome amplification (WGA) methods lead to amplification bias resulting in over- and under-represented regions in the genome. Nevertheless, certain WGA methods, such as SurePlex and subsequent arrayCGH analysis, make it possible to detect copy number alterations (CNAs) at a 10 Mb resolution. A more uniform WGA combined with massive parallel sequencing (MPS), however, could allow detection at higher resolution and lower cost. Recently, MALBAC, a new WGA method, claims unparalleled performance. Here, we compared the well-established SurePlex and MALBAC WGA for their ability to detect CNAs in MPS generated data and, in addition, compared PCR-free MPS library preparation with the standard enrichment PCR library preparation. Results showed that SurePlex amplification led to more uniformity across the genome, allowing for a better CNA detection with less false positives compared to MALBAC amplified samples. An even more uniform coverage was observed in samples following a PCR-free library preparation. In general, the combination of SurePlex and MPS led to the same chromosomal profile compared to a reference arrayCGH from unamplified genomic DNA, underlining the large potential of MPS techniques in CNA detection from a limited number of DNA material.