gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plasma extracellular vesicle protein content for diagnosis and prognosis of global cardiovascular disease (2013)

Cardiovascular disease is a major public health problem worldwide. Its growing burden is particularly ominous in Asia, due to increasing rates of major risk factors such as diabetes, obesity and smoking. There is an urgent need for early identification and treatment of individuals at risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Plasma extracellular vesicle proteins are novel biomarkers that have been shown to be useful in the diagnosis, risk stratification and prognostication of patients with cardiovascular disease. Ongoing parallel biobank initiatives in European (the Netherlands) and Asian (Singapore) populations offer a unique opportunity to validate these biomarkers in diverse ethnic groups.
Composites C/C à Interface Modulée : Elaboration et Relation Microstructure - Comportement (2007)

A wide range of carbon/carbon (C/C) composites with modulated interface was obtained by treating the carbon surface (ex-polyacrylonitrile type) before gaseous densification. The production processes are based on the impregnation of the fibrous preforms by liquid means and / or the carboreduction of oxides deposited on the fibers. The control of carboreduction required an in-depth study of the physico-chemical phenomena involved. At the interface level, changes in the microstructure (presence of submicron particles of various nature, fiber roughness, chemical bridging) result in a fiber/matrix bond of variable strength. The mechanical properties of the interfaces could be measured in shear and aperture mode, using specific techniques developed for C/C composites. These techniques combine push-out and traction tests. The study finally made it possible to establish quantitative and qualitative relationships between the fiber/matrix interfaces (microstructure and bond strength) and the mechanical behavior of C/C composites.
Physical and Structural Stability of the Monoclonal Antibody, Trastuzumab (Herceptin®), Intravenous Solutions (2013)

A major limitation of biological therapeutics is their propensity for degradation particularly in aqueous solutions hence resulting in their short shelf-life. In this study, the stability of trastuzumab (Herceptin®) intravenous (i.v.) solutions, an IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb), indicated for the treatment of HER2 positive breast cancer, stored under refrigerated conditions, was evaluated over 28 days. No change in visual appearance or average particle size was observed. The pH values of the trastuzumab i.v. solutions remained stable over time. Interestingly, no change in trastuzumab monomer concentration was observed throughout the 28-day study, as determined by SEC-HPLC. SDSPAGE showed only a monomer band corresponding to the molecular weight of trastuzumab. Circular dichroism spectra obtained following 28-day storage demonstrated integrity of the secondary structural conformation of trastuzumab. Results from this study show that trastuzumab i.v. solutions remain physically and structurally stable on storage at 2-8°C for 28 days. These findings suggest that trastuzumab in solution may not be as sensitive to degradation as expected for a mAb and therefore may have important implications in extending trastuzumab shelf life for clinical use and reducing associated healthcare cost.
Predictions of a cortical model of induced visual fading (2012)

At last year’s VSS, Francis & Kim (2010) demonstrated that simulations of a cortical model of visual perception explained the large scale induced fading effects reported by Simons et al. (2006). The main model feature was that oriented boundary responses to luminance edges were subject to adaptation, and when the adaptation was substantial enough the weakened boundaries allowed color and brightness signals to spread across surfaces in a diffusive filling-in process. Changes in the image (such as the disappearance of high contrast dots or a global decrease in luminance) exacerbated these effects by introducing an orientation after-response among boundary representations. In new model simulations we explored this explanation by varying the duration of high contrast dots and measuring the amount of model-predicted fading. As the duration of the dots increased over several seconds, the model predicts stronger adaptation and more induced fading at dot offset. These predictions are in contrast to a possible alternative hypothesis that the transient signals at dot offset are critical for induced fading. Given the durations of the dots, this alternative explanation would not predict any difference because the transient offset responses should be equivalent. In further explorations of the model, we noted that the model suggests that there should be substantial variation in fading across the images used by Simons et al. (2006). Overall, the model both accounts for previous findings and suggests novel properties of induced fading that can be tested in future experiments. Because the model has previously been used to explain a wide variety of related phenomena (including afterimages and visual persistence), it seems that a relatively small set of mechanisms in visual cortex provide a unified explanation of disparate phenomena. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2012
The Use of Poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) in the Delivery of Drugs: A Review (2020)

Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is a hydrophilic polymer widely employed as a carrier in the pharmaceutical, biomedical, and nutraceutical fields. Up to now, several PVP-based systems have been developed to deliver different active principles, of both natural and synthetic origin. Various formulations and morphologies have been proposed using PVP, including microparticles and nanoparticles, fibers, hydrogels, tablets, and films. Its versatility and peculiar properties make PVP one of the most suitable and promising polymers for the development of new pharmaceutical forms. This review highlights the role of PVP in drug delivery, focusing on the different morphologies proposed for different polymer/active compound formulations. It also provides detailed information on active principles and used technologies, optimized process parameters, advantages, disadvantages, and final applications.
Principles of parametric temporal imaging. I. System configurations (2000)

The recently developed process of temporal imaging expands or compresses time waveforms while preserving the shapes of their envelope profiles. A key element in a temporal imaging system is a time lens which imparts a quadratic phase modulation to the waveform being imaged. Several methods, such as electrooptic modulation, can be used to produce the phase modulation. In this paper, we concentrate on the parametric mixing of a signal waveform with a linearly chirped optical pump as the time lens mechanism. We analyze all single-lens system configurations including sum- and difference-frequency mixing schemes with positive and negative group velocity dispersions using temporal ray diagrams as an aid in understanding their operation.
Increased caspase activity primes human lyme arthritis synovial γδ T cells for proliferation and death (160.11) (2011)

Abstract γδ T cells function between the innate and adaptive immune responses, promoting antigen-presenting cell function, presenting antigen, and manifesting cytolytic activity. Their numbers increase in infections, such as HIV, and at sites of chronic inflammation. However, the turnover dynamics of human γδ T cells are poorly understood. Here we find that despite more rapid proliferation, human Lyme arthritis synovial γδ T cells of the Vδ1 subset have reduced cell number expansion in vitro compared to αβ T cells due to increased cell death by the γδ T cells. Because caspases are involved in cell proliferation and death, and signaling is more efficient through the γδ-TCR than the αβ-TCR, we examined active caspases during cell cycling and following TCR restimulation. We observed higher overall caspase activity in Borrelia-reactive γδ T cells than comparable αβ T cells. This was paralleled by greater spontaneous and TCR restimulation-induced cell death of the γδ T cells. Furthermore, the transition from cell growth to death was associated with a transition of active caspases from the cell membrane to the cytoplasm. Our current findings thus are consistent with a model where human γδ T cells evolved to function quickly and transiently, in an innate fashion.
Optimal transistor sizing and voltage scaling for minimal energy use at fixed performance (2012)

This paper presents a simple sizing method for low-power that is comparable in speed and simplicity to the Logical Effort sizing. Yet, the accuracy of the results is in the range of simulation errors. The method is two orders of magnitude faster than methods based on convex optimization, allowing to make quick design choices and architectural trade-offs. In the standard cell environment the method can reduce power by more than 30% over existing designs obtained using synthesis tools. These results are confirmed on examples implemented in 45nm process.
Orchestral Maneuvers in the Operative Room (2004)

The investigation of how a complex motor sequence is organized and learned is being elucidated by the study of music and the brain. From the perspective of cognitive neuroscience, a concert pianist can illustrate how a tightly coordinated effort between sensory perception and fine motor movement exhibits mechanisms of attention and self- timing that model the neural organization of complex human behavior. In a recent collection of reviews in Nature Neuroscience (6:661–695, 2003), the frontiers in the study of music and brain are summarized. The meta-analysis of a large body of neuroimaging studies suggest that there is a “core circuit” composed of the sensorimotor cortex (SMC), supplementary motor area (SMA), cerebellum (Cb), and premotor cortex (PMC) which is activated during simple sequencing tasks which then recruits additional cortical and subcortical areas as the complexity of the behavior increases (see photo). For example, the task of discriminating a particular target embedded within a musical sequence will recruit the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) from the frontal operculum to the inferior frontal sulcus (IFS). The authors acknowledge that as music allows the neural circuitry of timing and sequence repre-sentations to be delineated, neuroscience will move closer to understanding why “music induces one to move in synchrony with one's environment.” Furthermore, in theories of attention, music induces concentration on rhythms which can be viewed as oscillatory neural processes which emulate the neural timing mechanisms that underlie coordinated action. Which begs the question: Is it better to listen to Mozart or the Smashing Pumpkins when performing the complex coordinated task of a neurosurgical operation?Figure: Activation loci using musical stimuli and tasks. Neuroscience 6:682–687, 2003BRYAN E. FIGUEROA, M.D. Robert M. FRIEDLANDER, M.D. BASIC SCIENCES RESEARCH
Structure refinement of commensurately modulated bismuth titanate, Bi4Ti3O12 (1990)

Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 dont les parametres sont a=5,450, b=5,4059, c=32,832 A, β=90,00°, Z=4; affinement jusqu'a R=0,0177. Il peut se decrire comme une modulation commensurable d'une structure parent F. Differentes transformations par deplacement reduisent la symetrie les composantes des symetries F2mm et Bbab contribuent seulement a la partie imaginaire des facteurs de structure. La composante reelle des facteurs de structure etant predominante, les composantes de ces symetries des atomes O peuvent etre fausses
CXCL12-PLGA/Pluronic Nanoparticle Internalization Abrogates CXCR4-Mediated Cell Migration (2020)

Chemokine-induced chemotaxis mediates physiological and pathological immune cell trafficking, as well as several processes involving cell migration. Among them, the role of CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling in cancer and metastasis is well known, and CXCR4 has been often targeted with small molecule-antagonists or short CXCL12-derived peptides to limit the pathological processes of cell migration and invasion. To reduce CXCR4-mediated chemotaxis, we adopted a different approach. We manufactured poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Pluronic F127 nanoparticles through microfluidics-assisted nanoprecipitation and functionalized them with streptavidin to docking a biotinylated CXCL12 to be exposed on the nanoparticle surface. Our results show that CXCL12-decorated nanoparticles are non-toxic and do not induce inflammatory cytokine release in THP-1 monocytes cultured in fetal bovine and human serum-supplemented media. The cell internalization of our chemokine receptor-targeting particles increases in accordance with CXCR4 expression in FBS/medium. We demonstrated that CXCL12-decorated nanoparticles do not induce cell migration on their own, but their pre-incubation with THP-1 significantly decreases CXCR4<sup>+</sup>-cell migration, thereby antagonizing the chemotactic action of CXCL12. The use of biodegradable and immune-compatible chemokine-mimetic nanoparticles to reduce cell migration opens the way to novel antagonists with potential application in cancer treatments and inflammation.
Teoria aktora-sieci jako ontologia dla socjologii wizualnej (2014)

W artykule omówię możliwości, jakie niesie związanie socjologii wizualnej jako metody badawczej z teorią aktora-sieci, propagowaną przede wszystkim przez Bruno Latoura, przy czym ANT miałaby stanowić dla socjologii wizualnej ontologię uzasadniającą użycie obrazu w badaniach. Wychodzę bowiem z założenia, że wciąż niepewne położenie wizualności w ramach nauk społecznych wynika między innymi z braku odpowiedniego umocowania teoretycznego.&#x0D; W celu uzgodnienia obu dziedzin posiłkuję się pojęciami pochodzącymi z teorii historii sztuki, przede wszystkim terminem symptomu Georges’a Didi-Hubermana. Jest to o tyle konieczne, że sam Latour, mimo że wykonał kilka projektów wizualnych i pewne wzmianki na temat obrazu są obecne w jego pismach, zbyt rzadko odnosi się bezpośrednio do socjologii wizualnej i problematyki wizualności w badaniach. Tematyka ontologii obrazu nie należy też do problemów socjologii – tego rodzaju teoretyczne rozważania powinna więc przyjąć z innych dziedzin.
Human-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen Hybrids (2001)

The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a highly conserved protein required for the assembly of the DNA polymerase delta (pol delta) holoenzyme. Because PCNAs from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and human do not complement each other using in vitro or in vivo assays, hybrids of the two proteins would help identify region(s) involved in the assembly of the pol delta holoenzyme. Two mutants of human PCNA, HU1 (D21E) and HU3 (D120E), and six hybrids of human and S. cerevisiae PCNA, HC1, HC5, CH2, CH3, CH4, and CH5, were prepared by swapping corresponding regions between the two proteins. In solution, all PCNA assembled into trimers, albeit to different extents. These PCNA variants were tested for stimulation of pol delta and in vitro replication of M13 and SV40 DNA as well as to stimulate the ATPase activity of replication factor C (RF-C). Our data suggest that in addition to the interdomain connecting loop and C terminus, an additional site in the N terminus is required for pol delta interaction. PCNA mutants and hybrids that stimulated pol delta and RF-C were deficient in M13 and SV40 DNA replication assays, indicating that PCNA-induced pol delta stimulation and RF-C-mediated loading are not sufficient for coordinated DNA synthesis at a replication fork.
The use of vascularized spheroids to evaluate the in vitro activity of antiangiogenic drugs. (2006)

5124 Angiogenesis is a key aspect of cancer progression and patient survival. We have produced three-dimensional spheroid co-cultures of breast cancer and melanoma cell lines with microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs). Numerous obstacles had to be overcome in the development of these models, which are homogeneous and reproducible in both size and shape. Different methods of producing spheroids were explored, ranging from a hanging drop model to methylcellulose to agar matrix models. Additionally, nutritional requirements for all co-cultured cell-types had to be satisfied, leading to a comparison of various media. In these models, lumen-like structures made up of MVECs penetrate the tumor spheroid, thereby creating a model of angiogenesis. Whereas numerous models for angiogenesis exist, few allow for the direct analysis of MVEC-cancer cell interactions. Our model of vascularized spheroids makes it possible to examine how cell lines of differing phenotypes modulate MVEC-mediated lumen formation. Another advantage of our model is based on its spherical shape, which leads to radial gradients in nutrient exposure, hypoxia, and drug concentrations. Such gradients produce hypoxic and non-hypoxic populations that mimic in vivo tumor growth. These models were developed in part to test our hypothesis that spheroids derived from tumor cell lines expressing low levels of Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) would have greater endothelial cell invasion than those with high TSP-1. TSP-1 is the natural inhibitor of neovascularization and tumorigenesis in healthy tissue. It activates the CD36 receptor on endothelial cells, which can induce apoptosis. TSP-1 expression by various tumor cell lines was characterized using western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Endothelial cell invasion was measured by staining MVECs with CD31 and CD105 reagents, and the cells were enumerated using light microscopy at a 200x field. The cytotoxic activities of anti-angiogenesis and chemotherapeutic agents on vascularized tumor spheroids are also evaluated to determine if TSP-1 levels modulated the apoptotic response of MVECs to therapy.
Boundary Mobilities during Recovery and Recrystallization of Binary Al - Mn Alloys (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
N-mirror Robot System for Laser Surgery: A Simulation Study (2023)

Automated laser surgery with sensor fusion is an important problem in medical robotics since it requires precise control of mirrors used to steer the laser systems. The propagation of the laser beam should satisfy the geometric constraints of the surgical site but the relation between the number of mirrors and the design of the optical path remains an unsolved problem. Furthermore, different types of surgery (e.g. endoscopic vs open surgery) can require different optical designs with varying number of mirrors to successfully steer the laser beam to the tissue. A generalized method for controlling the laser beam in such systems remains an open research question. This paper proposes an analytical model for a laser-based surgical system with an arbitrary number of mirrors, which is referred as an "<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>N</mml:mi></mml:math>-mirror" robotic system. This system consists of three laser inputs to transmit the laser beam to the tissue surface through <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>N</mml:mi></mml:math> number of mirrors, which can achieve surface scanning, tissue resection and tissue classification separately. For sensor information alignment, the forward and inverse kinematics of the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>N</mml:mi></mml:math>-mirror robot system are derived and used to calculate the mirror angles for laser steering at the target surface. We propose a system calibration method to determine the laser input configuration that is required in the kinematic modelling. We conduct simulation experiments for a simulated 3-mirror system of an actual robotic laser platform and a 6-mirror simulated robot, both with 3-laser inputs. The simulation experiments for system calibration show results of maximum position offset smaller than 0.127 <i>mm</i> and maximum angle offset smaller than 0.05° for the optimal laser input predictions.
Micro‐RNAs in the aqueous humour of patients with diabetic macular oedema (2020)

This study is the first to perform miRNA profiling of the AH of DMO patients. We identified differentially expressed miRNAs in DMO AH, which may be used as potential biomarkers or novel therapeutic targets for DMO.
Virtual Reality-Based Immersive Rehabilitation for Cognitive- and Behavioral-Impairment-Related Eating Disorders: A VREHAB Framework Scoping Review (2022)

Virtual reality (VR) technology is one of the promising directions for rehabilitation, especially cognitive rehabilitation. Previous studies demonstrated successful rehabilitation in motor, cognitive, and sensorial functions using VR. The objective of this review is to summarize the current designs and evidence on immersive rehabilitation interventions using VR on cognitive- or behavioral-related eating disorders, which was mapped using a VREHAB framework. Two authors independently searched electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. Ten (<i>n</i> = 10) articles were eligible for review. Treatments for anorexia nervosa and binge eating disorder/bulimia nervosa were reported through enhanced/experimental cognitive behavior therapy (ECT), cue exposure therapy (CET), and body exposure therapy (BET) via the virtual environment. Some studies reported that the VR effects were superior or comparable to traditional treatments, while the effects may last longer using VR technology. In addition, VR was perceived as acceptable and feasible among patients and therapists and could be valuable for supplementing existing therapies, relieving manpower and caregiver burdens. Future studies may consider incorporating haptic, smell, and biofeedback to improve the experience, and thus the effects of the treatments for the users.