gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polyphasic analysis indicates that Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salivarius and Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salicinius do not merit separate subspecies status (2006)

Lactobacillus salivarius Rogosa et al. 1953 was described as a homofermentative lactobacillus with two varieties: salivarius, typified inter alia by the ability to ferment rhamnose, and salicinius, characterized by the ability to ferment the glucoside salicin. These varieties have become accepted as subspecies divisions. We have examined the relatedness of 32 L. salivarius strains by a polyphasic approach. Carbohydrate fermentation profile analysis did not support clear distinction of the two subspecies. L. salivarius UCC118 was shown to be facultatively heterofermentative, confirming in silico genome analysis. 16S rRNA gene sequences and 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region sequences provided no discrimination between any of the strains or subspecies. Broad subdivisions were distinguishable by pulsed-field gel genomic digest patterns, but they did not allow subspecific or phenotypic distinctions. A phylogeny based upon groEL gene sequences was discordant with rhamnose or salicin fermentation data for many taxa, and no reliable phenotypic correlations could be established. In the absence of meaningful taxonomic criteria, we therefore propose that Lactobacillus salivarius comprises a single species with no infraspecific taxa. Based on the present study and literature data, an emended description of the species Lactobacillus salivarius is provided.
Beneficial effects of citrus leaf extract supplementation on renal vasoactive substances in rats fed with repeatedly heated palm oil diet. (2022)

Addition of citrus leaf extract (CLE) into frying oil was found to be renoprotective in rats that consumed heated palm oil diet. This study examined the effects of dietary CLE supplementation on renal vasoactive substances in rats given heated palm oil diet. Forty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly split and fed with (i) control, (ii) fresh palm oil (FPO), (iii) FPO + CLE, (iv) five-time-heated palm oil (5HPO), (v) 5HPO+CLE, (vii) ten-time-heated palm oil (10HPO) and (vii) 10HPO+CLE diets for 16 weeks. CLE was added into diet at 0.15% (w/w). CLE decreased renal angiotensin-converting enzyme, inducible nitric oxide synthase and angiotensin II expressions in rats given heated oil diets, but only decreased renal NADPH oxidase activity in the 5HPO group. Supplementation of citrus leaf extract has shown beneficial effects in regulating renal vasoactive substances in rats consumed heated palm oil diet.
Image Obfuscation in the User-Friendly Sensitive Area with the Use of a Sensor for Smart Devices and Image Processing Techniques (2014)

There are many different sensors such as gyroscope sensor, accelerometer sensor, and light sensor for smart devices. These sensors are applied in many fields such as health and medicine, education, augmented reality, and arts. This study aimed to create user-friendly artistic sensibility related to images in the sensitive areas needed for privacy protection by using a sensor in a smart phone and image processing techniques such as contour extraction, blurring, blending, and brightness adjustment. In many cases, the focus was placed on the matter that techniques such as blurring, pixelization, and low-resolution were used for images in the sensitive area needed for privacy protection so that the related area could not be recognized. The phenomenon of image transformation, which suddenly occurs in this way, can cause irritation to smart device users when they view it. In this context, this study showed the possibility of user-friendly image obfuscation through the reflection of artistic sensibility along with the purpose of privacy protection through the fusion of image obfuscation techniques for privacy protection and artistic sensibility.
To develop a dynamic model of a collector loop for purpose of improved control of solar heating and cooling. Final technical report. [TRNSYS code] (1980)

The program objectives were to (1) assess the feasibility of using the TRNSYS computer code for solar heating and cooling control studies and modify it wherever possible, and (2) develop a new dynamic model of the solar collector which reflects the performance of the collector under transient conditions. Also, the sensitivity of the performance of this model to the various system parameters such as collector time constants, flow rates, turn-on and turn-off temperature set points, solar insolation, etc., was studied. Results are presented and discussed. (WHK)
The Rat Albumin Promoter: Cooperation with Upstream Elements Is Required when Binding of APF/HNF1 to the Proximal Element Is Partially Impaired by Mutation or Bacterial Methylation (1989)

We have characterized in the accompanying paper (P. Herbomel, A. Rollier, F. Tronche, M.-O. Ott, M. Yaniv, and M. C. Weiss, Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:4750-4758, 1989) six different elements in the albumin promoter. One of them, the proximal element (PE), is the binding site for a strictly liver specific factor, APF/HNF1. This binding site contains a bacterial DAM DNA methylase methylation target sequence which, when methylated, decreases the affinity of the protein for this element. When the different albumin promoter constructions were prepared in an Escherichia coli deoxyadenosine methylase-negative strain, the respective contributions of the elements to the overall promoter activity were strikingly different. An intact proximal element plus the TATA box gave almost full transcriptional activity in transient transfection experiments and only in differentiated hepatoma cells of line H4II, whereas the distal elements (distal element III [DEIII], the NF1-binding site DEII, and the E/CBP-binding site DEI) had become essentially dispensable. Mutations affecting the CCAAT box showed only a two- to threefold decrease. When PE was methylated, mutated, or replaced by the homologous element from the alpha-fetoprotein gene, activity in the context of the short promoter (PE plus the TATA box) was abolished. However, activity was restored in the presence of the upstream elements, showing that cooperation with factors binding to the CCAAT box and distal elements favors the functional interaction of the liver-specific APF/HNF1 factor with lower-affinity binding sites.
Change detection in hierarchically structured information (1996)

Detecting and representing changes to data is important for active databases, data warehousing, view maintenance, and version and configuration management. Most previous work in change management has dealt with flat-file and relational data; we focus on hierarchically structured data. Since in many cases changes must be computed from old and new versions of the data, we define the hierarchical change detection problem as the problem of finding a "minimum-cost edit script" that transforms one data tree to another, and we present efficient algorithms for computing such an edit script. Our algorithms make use of some key domain characteristics to achieve substantially better performance than previous, general-purpose algorithms. We study the performance of our algorithms both analytically and empirically, and we describe the application of our techniques to hierarchically structured documents.
Popular and Scientifi c Attitudes Regarding Pandemic Infl uenza (2008)

Most of the patients whose cases were diagnosed in Buenos Aires, in-cluding 5 who required hospitaliza-tion, were referred to Muniz Hospital. Built a century ago, Muniz Hospital comprises a number of independent pavilions surrounded by a spacious garden, where mosquitoes thrive, especially in summer. Thus, vector-borne infection in this case might have occurred either in Muniz Hospital, in the Federal District, or in the southern city suburb, where the patient lives and works.Until recently, dengue had not been suspected in patients with a fever living in the Buenos Aires area in the absence of a recent history of travel to an endemoepidemic area. Conﬁ rma-tion of our case was evidence of local circulation of dengue virus. Thereafter, serum testing became recommended in Buenos Aires for acute febrile illness, among other dengue surveillance in-terventions in the area. More recently, epidemiologic surveillance of febrile illness has been strengthened country-wide upon the recent reporting of yel-low fever cases in Argentina (
Self-Supervised Multimodal Fusion Transformer for Passive Activity Recognition (2022)

The pervasiveness of Wi-Fi signals provides significant opportunities for human sensing and activity recognition in fields such as healthcare. The sensors most commonly used for passive Wi-Fi sensing are based on passive Wi-Fi radar (PWR) and channel state information (CSI) data, however current systems do not effectively exploit the information acquired through multiple sensors to recognise the different activities. In this paper, we explore new properties of the Transformer architecture for multimodal sensor fusion. We study different signal processing techniques to extract multiple image-based features from PWR and CSI data such as spectrograms, scalograms and Markov transition field (MTF). We first propose the Fusion Transformer, an attention-based model for multimodal and multi-sensor fusion. Experimental results show that our Fusion Transformer approach can achieve competitive results compared to a ResNet architecture but with much fewer resources. To further improve our model, we propose a simple and effective framework for multimodal and multi-sensor self-supervised learning (SSL). The self-supervised Fusion Transformer outperforms the baselines, achieving a F1-score of 95.9%. Finally, we show how this approach significantly outperforms the others when trained with as little as 1% (2 minutes) of labelled training data to 20% (40 minutes) of labelled training data.
Linkage of eye movement dysfunction to chromosome 6p in schizophrenia: Additional evidence (2004)

Establishing the genetics of physiological traits associated with schizophrenia may be an important first step in building a neurobiological bridge between the disease phenotype and its genetic underpinnings. One of the best known of the traits associated with schizophrenia is a disorder of smooth pursuit eye tracking (ETD), which is present in 50-80% of schizophrenia patients. ETD is more than three times more prevalent in the families of a schizophrenia patient than is schizophrenia itself. Arolt et al. [1999] estimated LOD scores for ETD of 2.85 for D6S282 and 3.70 for D6S271, two markers on 6p21.1, as well as obtaining an indication of possible linkage for schizophrenia. Our sample comprised two large families in Denmark. Markers in the region that was implicated by the study of Arolt et al. [1996, 1999] were analyzed as part of a genome scan using the "latent trait (L.T.) model" for the co-transmission of schizophrenia and ETD that we had previously fitted to segregation analysis data from Norway. We obtained a LOD score of 2.05 for D6S1017, a marker within 3 cM of the positive markers obtained by Arolt et al. [1996, 1999]. We regard our results as independent evidence supporting the findings of Arolt et al. [1996, 1999] and also as support for the L.T. model as a way of combining the traits ETD and schizophrenia.
[Junctional epidermolysis bullosa non-Herlitz with urethral affection]. (2003)

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB), a hereditary, blistering form of dermatosis, can be divided into the following three main groups: epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS), junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) and dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB). The previously known form of generalized atrophic benign epidermolysis bullosa (GABEB) is classified as junctional epidermolysis bullosa non-Herlitz (JEB-nH) today. An 11-year-old boy with junctional epidermolysis bullosa non-Herlitz with urethal involvement had a complicated course with bladder obstruction and secondary renal insufficiency. According to currently available literature, this is the earliest case known of JEB-nH with involvement of the urinary tract in childhood. Taking into account the complicated course in this young patient, it must be emphasized that in cases of epidermolysis bullosa hereditaria, uncommon affections occurring in infancy should be given careful attention, as such types of associated manifestations are mainly responsible for the lethality in this disease.
A generic memory module for events (2007)

The ability to remember past experiences enables a system to improve its performance as well as its competence. For example, a system might be able solve problems faster by adapting previous solutions. Additional tasks, such as avoiding unwanted behavior by detecting potential problems, monitoring long-term goals by remembering what subgoals have been achieved, and reflection on past actions, become feasible. 
As the tasks that an intelligent system accomplishes become more and more complex, so does the experience it acquires in the process. Such experience has a temporal extent and is expressed in terms of concepts and relations with deep semantics associated to them. Memory systems should be able to deal with the temporal aspect of experience, exploit this semantic knowledge for storage and retrieval and do so in a scalable fashion. However, relying just on experience will not achieve a broad coverage, as it needs to be used in conjunction with other reasoning mechanisms. That is why we need the ability to add episodic memory functionality to intelligent systems. 
Today's knowledge-based systems are complex software applications and the ability to develop them in a modular fashion, using generic, reusable components is essential. 
We propose to separate the episodic memory from the system that uses it and to build a generic, reusable memory module that can be attached to a variety of applications in order to provide this functionality. Its goal is to provide accurate, scalable, efficient and content-addressable access to prior episodes. Having such a reusable memory module should allow research to focus on the generic aspects of memory representation, organization and retrieval and its interaction with the external application and it should also reduce the complexity of the overall system. 
In this dissertation we propose a set of general requirements that any memory module should provide regarding memory encoding, storage and retrieval. We present an implementation that satisfies these requirements and evaluate it on three different tasks: plan synthesis, plan recognition and Physics problem solving. The memory module proved easily adaptable to these tasks, providing fast, accurate and scalable retrieval.
Optimum memory color extraction for digital TVs based on genetic algorithm (2011)

Perceptual image quality is one of the most important performance indicators for digital TVs. In order to provide pleasing impression on viewers, preferred color correction that modifies memory colors is often applied. The first step of the preferred color correction is to extract pixels of memory colors. This paper presents a new method to determine the optimized boundary of geometrical figures for memory color extraction. Genetic algorithm is utilized for optimization. Based on relationship between lightness and hue and/or chroma, range of lightness is subdivided into three groups. Boundary of geometrical figure is determined for each group. Performance of the proposed method is evaluated by calculating the extraction accuracies. Experimental results indicate that proposed method outperforms previous methods proposed for the memory color extraction.
Resolution enhancement by aerial image approximation with 2D-TCC (2007)

A newly developed sub-resolution assist feature (SRAF) placement technique with two-dimensional transmission cross coefficient (2D-TCC) is described in this paper. In SRAF placement with 2D-TCC, Hopkins' aerial image equation with four-dimensional TCC is decomposed into the sum of Fourier transforms of diffracted light weighted by 2D-TCC, introducing an approximated aerial image so as to place SRAFs into a given reticle layout. SRAFs are placed at peak positions of the approximated aerial image for enhanced resolution. Since the approximated aerial image can handle the full optical model, SRAFs can be automatically optimized to the given optical condition to generate the optimized reticle. The validity of this technique was confirmed by experiment using a Canon FPA6000-ES6a, 248 nm with a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.86. A binary reticle optimized by this technique with mild off-axis illumination was used in the experiment. Both isolated and dense 100 nm contacts (k<sub>1</sub> = 0.35) were simultaneously resolved with the aid of this technique.
Effect of cell number on mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in a canine disc degeneration model (2010)

Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) inhibits the progression of disc degeneration in animal models. We know of no study to determine the optimal number of cells to transplant into the degenerated intervertebral disc (IVD). To determine the optimal donor cell number for maximum benefit, we conducted an in vivo study using a canine disc degeneration model. Autologous MSCs were transplanted into degenerative discs at 10(5), 10(6), or 10(7) cells per disc. The MSC-transplanted discs were evaluated for 12 weeks using plain radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and gross and microscopic evaluation. Preservation of the disc height, annular structure was seen in MSC-transplantation groups compared to the operated control group with no MSC transplantation. Result of the number of remaining transplanted MSCs, the survival rate of NP cells, and apoptosis of NP cells in transplanted discs showed both structural microenvironment and abundant extracellular matrix maintained in 10(6) MSCs transplanted disc, while less viable cells were detected in 10(5) MSCs transplanted and more apoptotic cells in 10(7) MSCs transplanted discs. The results of this study demonstrate that the number of cells transplanted affects the regenerative capability of MSC transplants in experimentally induced degenerating canine discs. It is suggested that maintenance of extracellular matrix by its production from transplanted cells and/or resident cells is important for checking the progression of structural disruption that leads to disc degeneration.
Improvement of anti-tumor activity of photodynamic therapy through inhibition of cytoprotective mechanism in tumor cells (2009)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) leads to oxidative damage of cellular macromolecules, including numerous proteins that undergo multiple modifications such as fragmentation, cross-linking and carbonylation that result in protein unfolding and aggregation. Several mechanisms are involved in the protective responses to PDT that include activation of transcription factors, heat shock proteins, antioxidant enzymes and antiapoptotic pathways. Identification of these cytoprotective mechanisms might result in the design of more effective combination strategies to improve the antitumor efficacy of PDT. By using various molecular biology approaches, including microarray-based technologies we have identified genes that are up-regulated following PDT. Subsequent experiments revealed that some of these gene products can become targets for the combined therapeutic regimens encompassing PDT and selective small-molecule inhibitors. These include superoxide dismutase (SOD-2), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and proteins engaged in signaling endoplasmatic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR). Since a major mechanism for elimination of carbonylated proteins is their degradation by proteasomes, we hypothesized that a combination of PDT with proteasome inhibitors might lead to accumulation of carbonylated proteins in ER, aggravated ER stress and potentiated cytotoxicity towards tumor cells. Indeed, we observed that incubation of tumor cells with three different proteasome inhibitors, including bortezomib, MG132 and PSI gave increased accumulation of carbonylated and ubiquitinated proteins in PDT-treated cells. Proteasome inhibitors effectively sensitized tumor cells to PDT-mediated cytotoxicity and augmented antitumor effects of PDT in vivo.
A Rapid and Sensitive Chemical Screening Method for E-Cigarette Aerosols Based on Runtime Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy (2021)

Growing demand of Juul and other electronic cigarettes, despite critical knowledge gaps about their chemical composition, has led to concerns regarding their potential health effects. We introduce a novel analytical approach, runtime cavity ringdown spectroscopy (rtCRDS) for rapid detection of oxidative products in e-cigarette aerosols, to facilitate the study of aerosol from a single puff of e-liquid. We report a systematic investigation of three flavors of commercial Juul pods (Virginia tobacco, mango, and menthol) and known commercial e-liquid ingredients (propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG), nicotine, ethyl maltol, benzoic acid, and nicotine benzoate) vaped using Juul devices. Juul e-liquids and neat chemical additives spiked into a 30:70 PG/VG solution were vaped and their aerosols were collected in 1-L Tedlar gas bags and analyzed using rtCRDS. Acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, and acetone were identified as primary oxidative products in aerosolized PG/VG. Ethanol was detected as a major constituent of the three commercial Juul flavors. Spectral intensities of carbonyl compounds increased with the addition of spikes, benzoic acid, ethyl maltol, and nicotine to PG/VG, suggesting that oxidative product generation increases with common additives. The method of direct, rapid analysis of e-cig aerosols introduced here can be used to complement traditional methods in vaping exposures.
Froschgifte. Isolierung und Struktur von Pumiliotoxin C (1969)

Abstract Aus dem Hautextrakt des in Panama vorkommenden, auffallend gefärbten Froschs Dendrobates pumilio läβt sich das gut kristallisierende Hydrochlorid einer Base Pumiliotoxin C der Formel C 13 H 25 N isolieren. Durch Röntgen‐Strukturanalyse dieser Base nach dem „ symbolischen Additionsverfahren ”︁ (symbolic addition procedure) läβt sich zeigen, daβ es sich um einen zum ersten Mal in der Natur beobachteten, dem Coniin weitläufig verwandten Giftstofftyp handelt, nämlich um ein 2‐n‐Propyl‐5‐methyl‐ cis ‐decahydrochinolin, dessen vier asymmetrische Zentren in ihrer relativen stereochemischen Bezeichnung aufgeklärt werden. Neben Pumiliotoxin C leiten sich auf Grund der Massenspektren die Pumiliotoxine A und B sowie noch weitere aus dem verwandten Frosch Dendrobates auratus isolierte Basen von einem ähnlichen cis ‐Deca‐ oder Octahydrochinolin‐System ab.
The French “Phage therapy” transdisciplinary group is born! (2023)

International audience
An adaptable and QoS-aware routing protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (2009)

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are highly distributed networks consisting of a large number of tiny, low-cost, light-weight wireless nodes deployed to monitor an environment or a system. Each node in a WSN consists of three subsystems: the sensor subsystem which senses the environment, the processing subsystem which performs local computations on the sensed data, and the communication subsystem which is responsible for message exchange with neighboring sensor nodes. Routing in WSNs is a very important issue. This paper presents a query-based routing protocol for a WSN that provides different levels of quality of service (QoS): energy-efficiency, reliability, low latency and fault-tolerance-under different application scenarios. The algorithm has low computational complexity but can dynamically guarantee different QoS support depending on the requirement of the applications. The novelty of the proposed algorithm is its ability to provide multiple QoS support without reconfiguration and redeployment of the sensor nodes. The algorithm is implemented in network simulator ns-2 on 802.15.4 MAC and its performance has been evaluated. The results show that the algorithm is more efficient than some of the currently existing routing algorithms for WSNs.