gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectrally partially coherent propagation-invariant fields (2009)

Polychromatic propagation-invariant fields (localized waves) with variable spectral coherence properties are considered. A bridge is provided between coherent propagation-invariant pulses, including Bessel pulses, X-waves and focus wave modes, and stationary polychromatic propagation-invariant fields using a difference-frequency spectral-correlation model. In the space-time domain, this assumption leads to a representation of a partially coherent field as a continuum of spectrally fully coherent, mutually independent pulses originating at different instants of time. The influence of partial spectral coherence on temporal coherence and pulse shape as well as intensity distribution and transverse spatial coherence is illustrated by considering fields with propagation-invariant Bessel-mode monochromatic components.
Stackable system-on-packages with integrated components (2004)

In recent years, an increasing number of mobile electronic products such as mobile communicators, combining the functions of a mobile phone and a PDA are beginning to emerge. These devices are highly miniaturized and yet provide a variety of functions at ever higher speeds. Additionally, the product cycle time is getting faster, requiring short design and production cycles at ever lower cost. These trends are posing great set of challenges for the microelectronics and packaging and assembly industry. There seem to be two approaches to solve these challenges-system-in-package (SIP) by stacking of packaged integrated circuits (ICs) or system-on-package (SOP) by stacking of packages with embedded active and passive components. The buried components in SOP require significantly less space in the Z direction, thereby allowing the formation of three-dimensional (3-D) stackable packages. In this paper, two approaches for stacking SOPs were presented, the so-called chip-in-polymer (CIP) technology and duromer molded interconnect device (MID)/WLP technology.
Discrimination of common and unique RNA-binding activities among Fragile X mental retardation protein paralogs (2009)

Fragile X mental retardation is caused by loss-of-function of a single gene encoding FMRP, an RNA-binding protein that harbors three canonical RNA-binding domains, two KH-type and one RGG box. Two autosomal paralogs of FMRP, FXR1P and FXR2P, are similar to FMRP in their overall structure, including the presence of putative RNA-binding domains, but to what extent they provide functional redundancy with FMRP is unclear. Although FMRP has been characterized as a polyribosome-associated regulator of translation, less is known about the functions of FXR1P and FXR2P. For example, FMRP binds intramolecular G-quadruplex and kissing complex RNA (kcRNA) ligands via the RGG box and KH2 domain, respectively, although the RNA ligands of FXR1P and FXR2P are unknown. Here we demonstrate that FXR1P and FXR2P KH2 domains bind kcRNA ligands with the same affinity as the FMRP KH2 domain although other KH domains do not. RNA ligand recognition by this family is highly conserved, as the KH2 domain of the single Drosophila ortholog, dFMRP, also binds kcRNA. kcRNA was able to displace FXR1P and FXR2P from polyribosomes as it does for FMRP, and this displacement was FMRP-independent. This suggests that all three family members recognize the same binding site on RNA mediating their polyribosome association, and that they may be functionally redundant with regard to this aspect of translational control. In contrast, FMRP is unique in its ability to recognize G-quadruplexes, suggesting the FMRP RGG domain may play a non-redundant role in the pathophysiology of the disease.
A computational framework for lexical description (1987)

this paper are taken from our implemented description and hence will contain this fifth field, with a value of NIL). There are two classes of rules. Lexical rules (of which there are three types) express relationships between entries, or between fields within entries, and have a procedural interpretation which maps a set of basic entries into a possibly larger set of entries with more specified categories. Morphological rules (of which there are two types) express relationships between characters and morphemes within a word, and have a procedural interpretation which allows a string of characters to be decomposed into a structural analysis of a word. There is also a very simple -4mechanism for defining default values for syntactic features, which does not properly fall into either of these classes of rules. The lexical rules are of the following types:
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Process for the Preparation of a β‐Alkynyl β‐Amino Acid Ester. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Highly nonlinear dynamics of third-harmonic generation by focused beams (7 pages) (2004)

Orexin-A exhibited a gastroprotective effect against ischemia-reperfusion-induced lesions by decreasing neutrophil activation and lipid peroxidation.
An a-Si:H/a-Si,Ge:H bulk barrier phototransistor with a-SiC:H barrier enhancement layer for high-gain IR optical detector (1993)

The design and fabrication of a high-gain amorphous silicon/amorphous silicon germanium (a-Si:H/a-Si,Ge:H) bulk barrier phototransistor for infrared light detection applications are reported. The a-Si,Ge:H material featured a lower energy gap and is suitable for the absorption of longer wave light, but it also leads to a low breakdown voltage and high dark current. An additional a-SiC:H thin-film layer was used at the collector/base interface in the conventional amorphous bulk barrier phototransistor to enhance the function of the bulk barrier and obtain high optical gain.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
High-Speed, Low-Current-Density 850 nm VCSELs (2009)

We report on the design, fabrication, and evaluation of large-aperture, oxide-confined 850 nm vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) with high modulation bandwidth at low current densities. We also compare the use of InGaAs and GaAs quantum wells (QWs) in the active region. Both VCSELs reach an output power of 9 mW at room temperature, with a thermal resistance of 1.9deg C/mW. The use of InGaAs QWs improves the high-speed performance and enables a small-signal modulation bandwidth of 20 GHz at 25degC and 15 GHz at 85degC. At a constant bias current density of only 11 kA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , we generate open eyes under large-signal modulation at bit rates up to 25 Gbit/s at 85degC and 30 Gbit/s at 55degC.
A Note on Argument Principle (2004)

The goal of this work is to show how the argument principle together with discrete Fourier transform (DFT) can be used to determine some properties of finite-length complex-valued sequences, precisely the localization of zeros with respect to unit circle of their related Z-transform. An upper bound of the DFT (in one step) length to exactly calculate the increase of the argument is also provided.
Obtaining of Betulin Diacetate and Betulin Dipropionate Composites with Aerosil (2015)

The composites of betulin diacetate and betulin dipropionate with aerosil were obtained by mechanochemical methods. The physico-chemical properties of the composites were studied. The composites are characterized by increased concentration of betulin diacetate and betulin dipropionate at dissolution in water.
Progress about Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Myocardial Infarction (2009)

Mesenchymal stem cell is multipotent stem cell,which can differentiate into a variety of organizations under certain conditions.Myocardial infarction is the most common and the most severe cardiovascular disease with a high incidence rate in the world.The method of treating myocardial infarction with mesenchymal stem cell provides a new idea for the treatment of acute cardiovascular disease.This article reviewed the research progress of mesenchymal stem cells in treating myocardial infarction.
Epidemiology and outcomes of traumatic vascular injury repair by trauma surgeons and vascular surgeons in a collaborative model (2023)

Prognostic and Epidemiological; Level IV.
DO UNUSUAL SITE-SPECIFIC POPULATION DYNAMICS OF RODENT RESERVOIRS PROVIDE CLUES TO THE NATURAL HISTORY OF HANTAVIRUSES? (2001)

Between January 1995 and November 1997, longitudinal mark-recapture studies of rodent hosts of hantaviruses in a disturbed microhabitat within a shortgrass prairie ecosystem in southeastern Colorado (USA) were conducted. The site was distinguished by edaphic and floristic characteristics unique to this area and associated with historical land use patterns, as well as the year-around availability of water from a functioning windmill. Populations of two common rodent species that are hosts for hantaviruses, Peromyscus maniculatus and Reithrodontomys megalotis, had unusually rapid turnover, a younger age structure, and a much lower prevalence of antibody to Sin Nombre virus than did populations at nearby sites in more typical shortgrass prairie and canyon habitats. Based on these findings, we suggest that a stable resident population of the reservoir is critical to the maintenance of hantaviruses at a given site, and we hypothesize that long-lived, persistently infected rodents are the principal transseasonal reservoir of hantaviruses.
Determining the effect of an oak bark formulation on methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and wound healing in porcine wound models. (2008)

Control of wound infections, especially those associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, is necessary for the wound healing process. Selection of topical agents should be based not only on their ability to eliminate pathogenic bacteria, but also on whether they may be detrimental to tissue repair. Two randomized, controlled in vivo studies using different porcine models were conducted to evaluate the effect of a topical oak bark ointment (treatment) on 1) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in partial-thickness wounds, and 2) healing of second-degree burn wounds. Silver sulfadiazine, oak bark ointment vehicle control (polyethylene glycol), and no treatment (untreated wounds) were used as controls in both studies. In the first study, 108 partial-thickness wounds in three animals were inoculated with a methicillin-resistant S. aureus suspension (average 6.96+/-0.4 log CFU/mL) and covered for 24 hours with a polyurethane film. After polyurethane film removal, treatments were applied twice daily and nine wounds per day (three per animal) from each treatment group were cultured after 24, 48, and 72 hours. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus colonization was lowest in the active treatment group at all three assessment times and after 72 hours ranged from (5.01+/-1.1 CFU/mL) in the treatment to (6.20+/-0.8 CFU/mL) in the vehicle control treated wounds. In the second study, treatments were applied twice daily to second-degree burn wounds (n = 720) on eight animals. Daily epithelialization assessment (n = five wounds) was performed on day 7 through 10 after wounding. At every assessment time, the proportion of wounds healed was higher in the treatment than in the control treatment groups - days 8, 9, and 10 (active versus vehicle and untreated), P <0.01; days 9 and 10 (vehicle versus untreated), P <0.001. The oak bark formulation studied reduces methicillin-resistant S aureus contamination and facilitates healing in vivo. Research to ascertain the importance of these findings for clinical practice is needed.
Instantaneous Pre-Fire Biomass and Fuel Load Measurements from Multi-Spectral UAS Mapping in Southern African Savannas (2021)

Landscape fires are substantial sources of (greenhouse) gases and aerosols. Fires in savanna landscapes represent more than half of global fire carbon emissions. Quantifying emissions from fires relies on accurate burned area, fuel load and burning efficiency data. Of these, fuel load remains the source of the largest uncertainty. In this study, we used high spatial resolution images from an Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) mounted multispectral camera, in combination with meteorological data from the ERA-5 land dataset, to model instantaneous pre-fire above-ground biomass. We constrained our model with ground measurements taken in two locations in savanna-dominated regions in Southern Africa, one low-rainfall region (660 mm year−1) in the North-West District (Ngamiland), Botswana, and one high-rainfall region (940 mm year−1) in Niassa Province (northern Mozambique). We found that for fine surface fuel classes (live grass and dead plant litter), the model was able to reproduce measured Above-Ground Biomass (AGB) (R2 of 0.91 and 0.77 for live grass and total fine fuel, respectively) across both low and high rainfall areas. The model was less successful in representing other classes, e.g., woody debris, but in the regions considered, these are less relevant to biomass burning and make smaller contributions to total AGB.
Juniper SRX Series (2013)

This complete field guide, authorized by Juniper Networks, is the perfect hands-on reference for deploying, configuring, and operating Junipers SRX Series networking device. Authors Brad Woodberg and Rob Cameron provide field-tested best practices for getting the most out of SRX deployments, based on their extensive field experience. While their earlier book, Junos Security, covered the SRX platform, this book focuses on the SRX Series devices themselves. You'll learn how to use SRX gateways to address an array of network requirementsincluding IP routing, intrusion detection, attack mitigation, unified threat management, and WAN acceleration. Along with case studies and troubleshooting tips, each chapter provides study questions and lots of useful illustrations.Explore SRX components, platforms, and various deployment scenarios Learn best practices for configuring SRXs core networking features Leverage SRX system services to attain the best operational state Deploy SRX in transparent mode to act as a Layer 2 bridge Configure, troubleshoot, and deploy SRX in a highly available manner Design and configure an effective security policy in your network Implement and configure network address translation (NAT) types Provide security against deep threats with AppSecure, intrusion protection services, and unified threat management tools
Molecular cloning and sequencing of a pectinesterase gene from Pseudomonas solanacearum (1991)

Two pectinesterase-positive Escherichia coli clones, differing in expression levels, were isolated from a genomic library of Pseudomonas solanacearum. Both clones contained a common DNA fragment which included the pectinesterase-encoding region. The different expression levels found with the two clones could be ascribed to different positioning of the pectinesterase gene with respect to a vector promoter. Restriction analysis, subcloning, and further exonuclease deletion mapping revealed that the genetic information for pectinesterase was located within a 1.3 kb fragment. A protein of 41 to 42 kDa was expressed from this fragment. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the respective region disclosed an open reading frame of 1188 bp. The deduced polypeptide had a calculated molecular mass of 41,004 Da, which is consistent with the determined size of the pectinesterase protein. The predicted amino acid sequence showed significant homology to pectinesterases from Erwinia chrysanthemi and tomato. In cultures of E. coli clones up to 30% of total pectinesterase activity was transported into the medium. However, no significant pectinesterase activity could be detected in the periplasm.
SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF NATALIZUMAB IN PATIENTS CONCURRENTLY RECEIVING INFLIXIMAB IN A PHASE 2 STUDY OF ACTIVE CROHNʼS DISEASE (2004)

Purpose: To evaluate safety and efficacy of Antegren™ (natalizumab), a humanized monoclonal IgG4 antibody to ?4 integrin, in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study in patients with active Crohn's disease (CD) receiving infliximab (IFX). Methods: Patients aged ≥18 years with active CD despite ongoing IFX treatment (Crohn's Disease Activity Index [CDAI] score ≥150) were randomized 2:1 to receive natalizumab (300 mg; n = 52) or placebo (n = 27) every 4 weeks for a total of 3 infusions. Patients received IFX (5 mg/kg) every 8 weeks for at least 10 weeks prior to randomization and throughout the study. The study was primarily designed to assess safety; however, efficacy was also evaluated by the proportion (%) of patients with clinical response (≥70-point decrease from baseline in CDAI score),% achieving clinical remission (CDAI score <150), and the mean change from baseline CDAI scores. Results: The incidence of adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs were similar between treatment groups. Frequently reported AEs in both groups were headache, disease exacerbation, nausea, and nasopharyngitis. No patient had a hypersensitivity-like reaction to natalizumab while 4 patients (5%) experienced a reaction to an IFX infusion. One patient (2%) had detectable levels of anti-natalizumab antibodies; 10 patients (13.5%) had anti-IFX antibodies. At Week 10, 42.3% of patients achieved clinical response in the natalizumab plus IFX group vs 29.6% in the IFX-alone group. An analysis of durability of clinical response showed 25.0% of patients in the natalizumab plus IFX group met the criteria for clinical response at all time points from Week 6 to Week 10, compared with 11.1% in the IFX-alone group. Clinical remission at Week 10 was achieved by 36.5% receiving natalizumab plus IFX vs 29.6% in the IFX-alone group. The mean changes in CDAI score from baseline were greater in the natalizumab plus IFX group compared to the IFX-alone group at Week 6 (−37.7 and 3.5, respectively) but were similar at Week 10 (−57.3 and −54.6, respectively). No drug-drug interactions were noted; natalizumab and IFX serum concentrations were unaffected. Conclusions: In this phase 2 safety study, the combination of natalizumab plus IFX was well tolerated. Several positive trends suggested improved efficacy when natalizumab was added to IFX in patients who were not in remission when receiving IFX alone.
Testicular sperm extraction: microdissection improves sperm yield with minimal tissue excision (1999)

Testicular sperm extraction (TESE) is often an effective method for sperm retrieval from men with non-obstructive azoospermia. However, TESE has been a blind procedure that does not identify the focal sperm-producing areas of the testicle until after tissue has been excised from the patient. Experience with a new technique of microdissection of testicular tubules is presented here that identifies sperm-containing regions before their removal. Identification of spermatogenically active regions of the testicle is possible by direct examination of the individual seminiferous tubules. The underlying concept for this technique is simple: seminiferous tubules containing many developing germ cells, rather than Sertoli cells alone, are likely to be larger and more opaque than tubules without sperm production. In a sequential series of TESE cases for men with non-obstructive azoospermia, the ability to find spermatozoa increased from 45% (10/22) to 63% (17/27) after introduction of the microdissection technique. Microdissected samples yielded an average of 160,000 spermatozoa per sample in only 9.4 mg of tissue, whereas only 64,000 spermatozoa were found in standard biopsy samples that averaged 720 mg in weight (P < 0.05 for all comparisons). For men where microdissection was attempted, successful identification of enlarged tubules was possible in 56% (15/27) of cases. However, spermatozoa were retrieved with microdissection TESE for six men in whom sperm retrieval was unsuccessful with standard TESE approaches (35% of all men with spermatozoa retrieved). These findings suggest that microdissection TESE can improve sperm retrieval for men with non-obstructive azoospermia over that achieved with previously described biopsy techniques.
Wounding, insect chewing and phloem sap feeding differentially alter the leaf proteome of potato, Solanum tuberosum L. (2012)

These observations illustrate the differential impacts of wounding and insect herbivory on defense- and photosynthesis-related components of the potato leaf proteome, likely associated with the perception of distinct physical and chemical cues in planta.
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Induced by Spores of Pholiota Nameko. (1996)

A 42-year-old man experienced recurrent episodes of nonproductive cough, fever, and dyspnea on exertion. He had worked as a mushroom farmer for 10 years. The diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis was confirmed immunologically by detecting a precipitin to spores of Pholiota nameko but not to other antigens. After separation from the antigen along with an addition of corticosteroid therapy, the symptoms, inflammatory findings and a reduced level of PaO2 quickly subsided.
Development of a Natural Product Optimization Strategy for inhibitors against the cell wall synthesis enzyme MraY, a promising antibacterial target (2023)

<title>Abstract</title> Optimization of natural products is often required to improve their drug-like properties for therapeutic use. However, chemical modifications of natural products are painstaking tasks due to complex synthetic processes, which is a bottleneck in advancing natural products to clinic. Here, we developed a strategy for a comprehensive <italic>in situ</italic> evaluation of the build-up library, which enables us to streamline the preparation of the analogue library and directly assess its biological activities. We applied this approach to a series of natural product inhibitors for MraY, an important target for the antibacterial development. Through construction and evaluation of the 686-compound library, we identified promising analogues that exhibit potent and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against highly drug-resistant strains <italic>in vitro</italic> as well as <italic>in vivo</italic> in an acute thigh infection model Structures of the MraY-analogue complexes reveal distinct interaction patterns, suggesting that these analogues represent new types of MraY inhibitors with unique pharmacological profiles.
Endocrine responses to exogenous bombesin and gastrin releasing peptide in conscious calves. (1983)

The effects of I.V. infusions of synthetic amphibian bombesin and porcine gastrin releasing peptide (GRP), at a dose of 5 pmol/kg. min for 30 min, have been investigated in conscious calves 3-6 weeks after birth. The protocols produced a closely similar rise in the bombesin-like immuno-reactivity of the arterial plasma of 208 +/- 14 pmol/l (bombesin) and 210 +/- 32 pmol/l (GRP) which fell exponentially with a half-life of about 3 min when the infusions were terminated. Neither peptide produced a discernible change in mean heart rate or aortic blood pressure, or in the mean arterial plasma concentrations of enteroglucagon, gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), gastrin or cholecystokinin (CCK). GRP, but not bombesin, produced a small but significant rise in the mean plasma somatostatin concentration. Both peptides produced a significant rise in mean plasma pancreatic glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide concentration and proved to be exceptionally potent insulinotropic agents. These responses were associated with a rise in plasma glucose concentration which could not be attributed to a direct action of GRP on the liver. The distribution of bombesin-like immunoreactivity in the gastrointestinal tract was consistent with the findings of other workers who have concluded that it is restricted to nerve terminals. However, our other findings show that GRP is capable of acting as a true hormone.