gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A unified model for holistic power usage in cloud datacenter servers (2016)

Cloud datacenters are compute facilities formed by hundreds and thousands of heterogeneous servers requiring significant power requirements to operate effectively. Servers are composed by multiple interacting sub-systems including applications, microelectronic processors, and cooling which reflect their respective power profiles via different parameters. What is presently unknown is how to accurately model the holistic power usage of the entire server when including all these sub-systems together. This becomes increasingly challenging when considering diverse utilization patterns, server hardware characteristics, air and liquid cooling techniques, and importantly quantifying the non-electrical energy cost imposed by cooling operation. Such a challenge arises due to the need for multi-disciplinary expertise required to study server operation holistically. This work provides a unified model for capturing holistic power usage within Cloud datacenter servers. Constructed through controlled laboratory experiments, the model captures the relationship of server power usage between software, hardware, and cooling agnostic of architecture and cooling type (air and liquid). An exciting prospect is the ability to quantify the amount of non-electrical power consumed through cooling, allowing for more realistic and accurate server power profiles. This work represents the first empirically supported analysis and modeling of holistic power usage for Cloud datacenter servers, and bridges a significant gap between computer science and mechanical engineering research. Model validation through experiments demonstrates an average standard error of 3% for server power usage within both air and liquid cooled environments.
The Effects of Enhanced Compiler Error Messages on a Syntax Error Debugging Test (2018)

There is an active strand of research in the literature exploring the effects of Enhanced Compiler Error Messages on student programming behavior, however many results seem conflicting. This is compounded by the fact that directly comparing these results is difficult as these studies utilize different metrics, and what metrics are best suited to measure the effects of enhanced compiler error messages is not known. Common to most studies to-date is that the metrics employed measure how many errors students produce, and/or rectify while writing programs. This study takes a different approach by measuring how many pre-existing syntax errors are rectified by students while debugging programs. Specifically, we measured the effect of enhanced compiler error messages in an empirical control/intervention experiment where students were given the task of removing syntax errors from non-compiling source code they did not write. We find a significant positive effect on the overall number of errors rectified, as well as the number of certain specific error types, but no significant effect on the number of non-compiling submissions or student scores. These results (in different ways) support the findings of several recent studies and suggest that their results may not be as conflicting as they seem. This is evidence that enhanced error messages may be effective, but also that the signal of these effects are relatively weak, indicating that how and what is measured when attempting to observe these effects is important.
Oncogenic properties of the mutated forms of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3b (2005)

Germinal activating mutations of FGFR3 are responsible for several forms of dwarfism due to the inhibitory effect of FGFR3 on bone growth. Surprisingly, identical somatic activating mutations have been found at the somatic level in tumours: at high frequency in benign epithelial tumours (seborrheic keratosis, urothelial papilloma) and in low-grade, low-stage urothelial carcinomas, and at a lower frequency in other types of urothelial carcinoma, in cervix carcinoma, and in haematological cancer, multiple myeloma. FGFR3 exists as two isoforms, FGFR3b and FGFR3c, differs in ligand specificity and tissue expression. FGFR3b is the main form in epithelial cells and derived tumours, whereas FGFR3c is the main form in mesenchyme-derived cells and multiple myeloma. Several lines of evidence suggest that mutated FGFR3c has transforming properties. Although mutated FGFR3b is mostly found in benign epithelial tumours or carcinomas of low malignant potential, we present evidence here that mutated FGFR3b is oncogenic. All bladder tumours presenting FGFR3 mutations expressed this receptor more strongly than normal urothelium or non-mutated tumours. NIH-3T3 cells transfected with a mutated form of FGFR3b--FGFR3b-S249C, the most common mutation in bladder tumours--presented a spindle-cell morphology, grew in soft agar and gave rise to tumours when xenografted into nude mice. We identified one line of 17 bladder cell lines tested (MGH-U3) that expressed a mutated form of FGFR3b, FGFR3b-Y375C. We showed using siRNA and SU5402, an FGFR inhibitor, that the tumour properties of MGH-U3 depended on mutated receptor activity. Thus, in two different models, mutated FGFR3b presents oncogenic properties.
Orientation effect reduction through capless annealing of self-aligned planar GaAs Schottky barrier field-effect transistors (1983)

A reduction in the orientation effect on self-aligned ion-implanted planar GaAs Schottky barrier field-effect transistors (FET’s) has been found. The FET’s were fabricated using capless annealing to avoid thermal stress that occurs at a dielectric/GaAs interface during capped annealing. Both mean and standard deviation in FET threshold voltage as a function of gate length are compared for FET’s oriented in the two perpendicular [110] directions. Very little orientation dependence is observed. Similar high-speed switching operation is also found for either orientation. These results indicate that stress-enhanced preferential lateral diffusion which appears to be a major factor in the orientation effect can be reduced through capless annealing.
Chemical-Enzymatic Synthesis of 3′-Amino-2′, 3′-dideoxy-β-D-ribofuranosides of Natural Heterocyclic Bases and Their 5′-Monophosphates (1994)

Abstract Treatment of O2, 3′-anhydro-5′-O-trityl derivatives of thymidine (1) and 2′-deoxyuridine (2) with lithium azide in dimethylformamide at 150 °C resulted in the formation of the corresponding isomeric 3′-azido-2′, 3′-dideoxy-5′-O-trityl-β-D-ribofuranosyl N1- (the major products) and N3-nucleosides (3/4 and 5/6). 3′-Amino-2′, 3′-dideoxy-β-D-ribofuranosides of thymidine [Thd(3′NH2)], uridine [dUrd(3′NH2)], and cytidine [dCyd(3′NH2)] were synthesized from the corresponding 3′-azido derivatives. The Thd(3′NH2) and dUrd(3′NH2) were used as donors of carbohydrate moiety in the reaction of enzymatic transglycosylation of adenine and guanine to afford dAdo(3′NH2) and dGuo(3′NH2). The substrate activity of dN(3′NH2) vs. nucleoside phosphotransferase of the whole cells of Erwinia herbicola was studied.
Analyse multi-élémentaire rapide d’une coulée d’acier par spectrométrie d’émission induite par laser (1996)

La conduite des procédés et le contrôle de qualité en métallurgie secondaire nécessite une mesure directe de la composition de l’acier. Le procédé mis au point est la spectrométrie d’émission induite par laser. La productivité analytique est fortement améliorée grâce à un ajustement approprié de la puissance du laser. Les limites de détection pour 15 éléments sont comprises entre 6 et 300 ppm. L’analyse dure 30 s.
EVALUATING ROBOT TECHNOLOGIES AS TOOLS TO EXPLORE RADIOLOGICAL AND OTHER HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS (2016)

There is a general consensus that robots could be beneficial in performing tasks within hazardous radiological environments. Most control of robots in hazardous environments involves master-slave or teleoperation relationships between the human and the robot. While teleoperation-based solutions keep humans out of harms way, they also change the training requirements to accomplish a task. In this paper we present a research methodology that allowed scientists at Idaho National Laboratory to identify, develop, and prove a semi-autonomous robot solution for search and characterization tasks within a hazardous environment. Two experiments are summarized that validated the use of semi-autonomy and show that robot autonomy can help mitigate some of the performance differences between operators who have different levels of robot experience, and can improve performance over teleoperated systems.
Oxidation of ferrous ions by ozone in acidic solutions (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidation of ferrous ions by ozone in acidic solutionsTine Loegager, Jerzy Holcman, Knud Sehested, and Thorvald PedersenCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 17, 3523–3529Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00043a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00043a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1248Altmetric-Citations167LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Oxidative Stress Markers (2010)

Oxidative stress is a high-profile element among the risk factors for aging. Although several stress markers have been proposed for the evaluation of oxidative stress, there remains much room for improvement in testing and evaluation methods. In the Current Concept Session “Oxidative Stress Markers” at the of the most recent research works were presented under the titles “Present Status and New Development of Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Markers,” “Oxidative Modification of Proteins and Its Quantitative Detection,” and “Modification/Degeneration of Proteins and Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs)”.Several markers are available for evaluation of the oxidative stress status. Methods of detecting oxidatively modified substances as new markers by mass spectrography (MS) have been developed. Oxidative modifications of highly reactive cysteine residues in several target proteins such as tyrosine phosphatase and thioredoxin-related proteins control the functions of relevant molecules, and thereby play an important role in signal transmission. Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) gradually accumulate with aging and are involved in the development of diabetic complications, Alzheimer's disease, and arteriosclerosis. Basic studies of the indicators of glycation are also important.This general article outlines oxidative stress markers with a focus on oxidative modification of proteins and glycation of proteins, both of which have received attention in recent years, and introduces information regarding newly discovered markers for oxidative stress.
Characterization of the effect of in vivo doxorubicin treatment on skeletal muscle function in the rat. (2011)

DOX impaired muscle function in a dose-dependent manner. The degree of dysfunction was greater in the soleus and was consistent with the observed cardiac dysfunction.
A New Pipeline/parallel Architecture For Prime Factor Discrete Fourier Transform (2005)

A new method for implementing prime factor discrete Fourier transforms on array processors is presented. 'The prime factor Fourier transform system are mnstructed based on a new designed parallel processing array processor called Vector Engine. Basic architecture for short length Prime number Fourier transform implementations are discussed. By applying the short length architecture, the implemelltation of long length prime factor Fourier tansforms are discussed and designed. Compared with some well known FFT algorithms, the performance analysis of this system is also discussed.
Similar patterns of genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium in Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) and humans indicate highly conserved mechanisms of MHC molecular evolution (2020)

We conclude, first, that highly conserved mechanisms shaped the diversity of orthologous MHC genes in chimpanzees and humans. Furthermore, our findings support the hypothesis that an ancient demographic decline affecting the chimpanzee populations - like that ascribed to a viral epidemic - exerted a substantial effect on the molecular diversity of their MHC genes, albeit not more pronounced than that experienced by HLA genes in human populations that underwent rapid genetic drift during humans' peopling history. We thus propose a model where chimpanzees' MHC genes regenerated molecular variation through recombination/gene conversion and/or balancing selection after the selective sweep.
Synergistic interaction of epoxides and N‐vinylcarbazole during photoinitiated cationic polymerization (2000)

A kinetic study was conducted of the independent photoinitiated cationic polymerization of a number of epoxide monomers and mixtures of these monomers with N-vinylcarbazole. The results show that these two different classes of monomers undergo complex synergistic interactions with one another during polymerization. It was demonstrated that N-vinylcarbazole as well as other carbazoles are efficient photosensitizers for the photolysis of both diaryliodonium and triarylsulfonium salt photoinitiators. In the presence of large amounts of N-vinylcarbazole, the rates of the cationic ring-opening photopolymerization of epoxides are markedly accelerated. This effect has been ascribed to a photoinitiated free-radical chain reaction that results in the oxidation of monomeric and polymeric N-vinylcarbazole radicals by the onium salt photoinitiators to generate cations. These cations can initiate the ring-opening polymerization of the epoxides, leading to the production of copolymers. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38: 3697–3709, 2000
Blocking KV1.3 Channels Inhibits Th2 Lymphocyte Function and Treats a Rat Model of Asthma (2014)

Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways. Of the different lower airway-infiltrating immune cells that participate in asthma, T lymphocytes that produce Th2 cytokines play important roles in pathogenesis. These T cells are mainly fully differentiated CCR7(-) effector memory T (TEM) cells. Targeting TEM cells without affecting CCR7(+) naïve and central memory (TCM) cells has the potential of treating TEM-mediated diseases, such as asthma, without inducing generalized immunosuppression. The voltage-gated KV1.3 potassium channel is a target for preferential inhibition of TEM cells. Here, we investigated the effects of ShK-186, a selective KV1.3 channel blocker, for the treatment of asthma. A significant proportion of T lymphocytes in the lower airways of subjects with asthma expressed high levels of KV1.3 channels. ShK-186 inhibited the allergen-induced activation of peripheral blood T cells from those subjects. Immunization of F344 rats against ovalbumin followed by intranasal challenges with ovalbumin induced airway hyper-reactivity, which was reduced by the administration of ShK-186. ShK-186 also reduced total immune infiltrates in the bronchoalveolar lavage and number of infiltrating lymphocytes, eosinophils, and neutrophils assessed by differential counts. Rats with the ovalbumin-induced model of asthma had elevated levels of the Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 measured by ELISA in their bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. ShK-186 administration reduced levels of IL-4 and IL-5 and induced an increase in the production of IL-10. Finally, ShK-186 inhibited the proliferation of lung-infiltrating ovalbumin-specific T cells. Our results suggest that KV1.3 channels represent effective targets for the treatment of allergic asthma.
Aggregate formation from thermolabile intermediates in the maturation of the thermostable P22 tailspike (1988)

Conference Article| April 01 1988 Aggregate formation from thermolabile intermediates in the maturation of the thermostable P22 tailspike JONATHAN KING; JONATHAN KING 1Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar CAMERON HAASE-PETTINGELL CAMERON HAASE-PETTINGELL 1Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1988) 16 (2): 105–108. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0160105 Article history Received: October 10 1987 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation JONATHAN KING, CAMERON HAASE-PETTINGELL; Aggregate formation from thermolabile intermediates in the maturation of the thermostable P22 tailspike. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1988; 16 (2): 105–108. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0160105 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: TSS, temperature-sensitive synthesis This content is only available as a PDF. © 1988 Biochemical Society1988 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Combined aerobic/resistance/inspiratory muscle training as the ‘optimum’ exercise programme for patients with chronic heart failure: ARISTOS-HF randomized clinical trial (2020)

ARISTOS-HF trial recommends exercise training for 180 min/week and supports the prescription of the ARIS training regime for HF patients (Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. ARISTOS-HF Clinical Trial number, NCT03013270).
Information collection services for QoS-Aware mobile applications (2006)

Efficient resource provisioning that allows for cost-effective enforcement of application QoS relies on accurate system state information. However, maintaining accurate information about available system resources is complex and expensive, especially in mobile environments where system conditions are highly dynamic. Resource provisioning mechanisms for such dynamic environments must therefore be able to tolerate imprecision in system state while ensuring adequate QoS to the end-user. In this paper, we address the information collection problem for QoS-based services in mobile environments. Specifically, we propose a family of information collection policies that vary in the granularity at which system state information is represented and maintained. We empirically evaluate the impact of these policies on the performance of diverse resource provisioning strategies. We generally observe that resource provisioning benefits significantly from the customized information collection mechanisms that take advantage of user mobility information. Furthermore, our performance results indicate that effective utilization of coarse-grained user mobility information renders better system performance than using fine-grained user mobility information. Using results from our empirical studies, we derive a set of rules that supports seamless integration of information collection and resource provisioning mechanisms for mobile environments. These results have been incorporated into an integrated middleware framework AutoSeC (Automatic Service Composition) to provide support for dynamic service brokering that ensures effective utilization of system resources over wireless networks.
Duodenal bulb control of the flow rate of digesta in the fasted and fed dog. (1989)

1. Continuous measurement of the flow of digesta near the pylorus, and 5 cm aborally, was assessed in the conscious dog using a chronically implanted flowmeter. The patterns of flow were related to motor activity of the gastroduodenal junction. 2. Electromagnetic measurement of the flow was calibrated in vitro by means of a pulsatile pump. Validation was obtained in vivo by direct evaluation of the amount of chyme collected from an open duodenal cannula and indirectly by a dye-dilution technique. 3. After a 12 h fast, only small amounts of gastric contents were delivered into the duodenum. This transfer occurred during periods of irregular motor activity recorded along the gastroduodenal junction, which occupied less than 25% of the recording time. The patterns of flow near the pylorus and beyond the duodenal bulb were correlated to antral and duodenal contractions respectively. 4. After a meal, gastric emptying occurred intermittently and was related to enhanced antral motor activity beyond the duodenal bulb; digesta flowed in clusters of gushes which were related to the duodenal contractions. 5. It is concluded that the mechanical role of the duodenal bulb is to change the intermittent juxtapyloric flow of digesta into a uniform flow at the duodenal level.
Thermal annealing as an easy tool for the controlled arrangement of gold nanoparticles in block-copolymer thin films (2013)

Thermal annealing was used for the bottom-up fabrication of morphologically controlled gold-block-copolymer (Au-BC) nanocomposites. Three different blends formed by polystyrene (PS) homopolymer and PS-coated gold nanoparticles (PSSH@Au) were used as modifiers of asymmetric polystyrene-b-polymethylmethacrylate (PS-b-PMMA): PS26/PS26SH@Au, PS75/PS75SH@Au and PS167/PS167SH@Au (where the subscripts refer to the number of styrene monomeric units).The results indicated that all three blends used as modifiers (PSn/PSnSH@Au) were successfully located in the PS phase during thermally induced BC self-assembly for a composition range from 5 to 43 wt% without macro-phase separation. The PSnSH@Au moiety experienced molecular desorption, nanocrystal core coalescence and partial molecular re-encapsulation processes during thermal annealing, leading to sphere-like gold NPs with a larger average size (without exceeding an interdomain distance). Ligand chain length regulated the degree of coalescence and re-encapsulation, defining ultimate core size. Furthermore, proper combination of chain length and composition enabled tuning of NP partitioning and arrangement on different length scales through thermally activated cooperative assembly processes. These results have not only significant impact for establishing thermal processing as a useful tool for the precise control of NP size and distribution, but also much broader implications for many nanoparticle-based technologies.
Efficient conversion of a 1064 μm Nd:YAG laser to the eye-safe region using a diamond Raman laser (2011)

We report an efficient 1.485 μm external cavity diamond Raman laser operating on the 2nd Stokes shift of a 1.064 μm Nd:YAG pump laser. 1.63 W pulsed at 5 kHz is produced with a quantum conversion efficiency of 71% and excellent beam quality. Numerical modelling confirms that optimal operation is achieved with low output coupling reflectivity.
Manufacturing of Ti–6Al–4V Micro‐Implantable Parts Using Hybrid Selective Laser Melting and Micro‐Electrical Discharge Machining (2016)

This research is carried out to cover the gap in producing high-precision micro-components using SLM as well as to study the potential of using µ-EDM in the field of additive manufacturing. The process offers an optimized technique to manufacture high-quality micro implantable components with the highest density and the best surface finish.