gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modulation Schemes for Single-Laser 100 Gb/s Links: Single-Carrier (2015)

We evaluate single-carrier modulation techniques for 100 Gb/s single-laser data center interconnects. We present numerical performance analysis for various single-carrier schemes including pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), carrierless amplitude phase modulation, and orthogonal multipulse modulation in the presence of optical modulator bandwidth limitations and nonlinearity, clipping, quantization noise, and fiber chromatic dispersion. The performance is evaluated in terms of the required average optical power to achieve a target bit-error ratio for a given modulator bandwidth. We compare the complexity of different designs in terms of the required resolution and sampling rate of digital-to-analog (DAC) and analog-to-digital (ADC) converters, as well as the number of complex operations required for digital signal processing. We find that 4-PAM is the most power efficient scheme among those considered, and that it can be implemented with DAC/ADC resolution as low as 5 bits.
Immunohistochemical Demonstration of Enkephalin-containing Nerve Fibers in Guinea Pig and Rat Lungs (1989)

Met-enkephalin (Met-Enk) and Leu-enkephalin (Leu-Enk), the opioid peptides originally isolated from the brain, are believed to act as inhibitory neuromodulators at various synaptic sites. In this immunohistochemical study, we have investigated the localization and distribution of Met- and Leu-Enk immunoreactivities in airways and pulmonary vessels of guinea pigs and rats. Immunoreactivities to both peptides were found in nerve fibers and nerve terminals distributed mainly to the trachea and major bronchi, and were especially prevalent in the smooth muscle layer, in the lamina propria, and around tracheal and bronchial glands, but not in the epithelium. Few immunoreactive nerve fibers were detected in smaller bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli. Enkephalin-immunoreactive nerve fibers were also localized in the walls of pulmonary and bronchial vessels. Within airway microganglia, immunoreactivity was observed in a few nerve terminals, but not in ganglion cell bodies. Met- and Leu-Enk immunoreactive nerve fibers showed similar distribution patterns, though minor differences were noted between the two species: Enk-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the smooth muscle layer were more abundant in guinea pigs than in rats, whereas those in mucous glands were richer in rats than in guinea pigs. These results document the presence of Met- and Leu-Enk immunoreactivity in nerve fibers supplying guinea pig and rat airways and pulmonary vessels, and provide a morphologic basis for the view that enkephalins are likely neurotransmitters or neuromodulators in the lung.
Development of Direct-Ethanol Anion-Conducting Solid Alkaline Inorganic Fuel Cell (2010)

Anion-conducting solid alkaline inorganic fuels cell was developed. This fuel cell could be operated at high temperature of 110ºC. NaCo 2 O 4 showed OH - conduction and activity for oxygen reduction reaction. The Fe-Co-Ni alloy catalyst prepared in this experiment showed activity not only for hydrogen oxidation reaction but also for ethanol oxidation reaction. Completely precious metal-free fuel cell composed of NaCo 2 O 4 and Fe-Co-Ni cell was made. The cell generated a high output power density of 64 mW/cm 2 directly from ethanol at current density of 160 mA/cm 2 .
Bathymetric, Subsurface, and Gravity Survey off the Sada-misaki Peninsula, the Seto Inland Sea (2018)

新青丸KS-16-E01航海で，瀬戸内海の海域にある中央構造線断層帯西端の詳細マッピング，基礎地質情報取得を目的として，佐田岬半島沖において，海底地形，浅層構造，重力調査を行った．調査域東側の詳細海底地形には，強い潮流により形成されたと考えられるサンドウェーブ構造が見られた．調査域の西側はサンドウェーブが発達せず，比較的滑らかな海底地形である．中央構造線断層帯に対応するような段差地形，横ずれ断層の活動によって形成されたと考えられる窪みが見られた．調査域西側のサブボトムプロファイラ記録からイメージされる浅層構造には，完新世と更新世の堆積層境界と解釈できる音響層序，断層と考えられる堆積層構造の上下方向のずれが確認された．中央構造線に沿って重力異常の急変帯があり，海岸沿いの南東側が高異常，北西側が低異常となっている．重力異常は海底近くの堆積層より深部の基盤構造を反映するものと思われる．重力異常から推定される基盤構造の形状は，リストリック断層を伴うハーフグラーベン構造と調和的である．
POMDP-BCI: A Benchmark of Active BCI Using POMDP to Issue Commands (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Past research on Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) have presented specific decoding algorithms for each of these modalities. However, some modalities lack efficient decision-making pipelines to treat decoding output, while others have developed highly specific decision-making approaches that are not generalizable to other BCI modalities. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In our study, we present a model based on the Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) framework that works as a general high-level decision-making framework for three different active / re-active BCI modalities. The model is defined and tested on publicly available datasets. Our key findings are: (i) that our general model can be integrated with the three different BCI modalities without any modifications, while performing comparatively to those that include a decision-making process; (ii) the POMDP model offers adaptable trial lengths that maximize the speed/accuracy trade-off depending on the decoding performance of each subject, while also being able to withhold any commands if the current belief about the target command of a particular trial is not conclusive.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;These findings should enable future BCI research to focus on decoding performance, using POMDP as a high-level decision-making framework in addition to the classification algorithm. Moreover, the POMDP framework should allow for the integration of brain data with other physiological data modalities, as well as two or more simultaneous BCI systems.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;We declare that this manuscript is original, has not been published before and is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere. We know of no conflicts of interest associated with this publication, and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome.&lt;/p&gt;
Scaled GaN-HEMT Large-Signal Model Based on EM Simulation (2020)

This paper presents a scaled GaN-HEMT large-signal model based on EM simulation. A large-signal model of the 10-finger GaN-HEMT consists of a large-signal model of the two-finger GaN-HEMT and an equivalent circuit of the interconnection circuit. The equivalent circuit of the interconnection circuit was extracted according to the EM simulation results. The large-signal model for the two-finger device is based on the conventional Angelov channel current model. The large-signal model for the 10-finger device was verified through load-pull measurement. The 10-finger GaN-HEMT produced an output power of about 20 W for both simulation and load-pull measurements.
Randomized Controlled Trial of DHA Supplementation during Pregnancy: Child Adiposity Outcomes (2017)

Investigating safe and effective interventions in pregnancy that lower offspring adiposity is important given the burden of obesity and subsequent metabolic derangements. Our objective was to determine if docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) given during pregnancy to obese mothers results in lower offspring adiposity. This study was a long-term follow-up of a randomized trial of mothers with gestational diabetes or obesity who were randomized to receive DHA supplementation at 800 mg/day or placebo (corn/soy oil) starting at 25-29 weeks gestation. Anthropometric measures were collected at birth and maternal erythrocyte DHA and arachidonic (AA) levels were measured at 26 and 36 weeks gestation. At two- and four-year follow-up time points, offspring adiposity measures along with a diet recall were assessed. A significant increase in erythrocyte DHA levels was observed at 36 weeks gestation in the supplemented group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). While no significant differences by measures of adiposity were noted at birth, two or four years by randomization group, duration of breastfeeding (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and DHA level at 36 weeks (<i>p</i> = 0.002) were associated with body mass index z-score. Our data suggest that DHA supplementation during pregnancy in obese mothers may have long-lasting effects on offspring measures of adiposity.
HEPATOCELLULAR AND ENDOTHELIAL CELL FUNCTION IN HYPOTHERMICALLY STORED PORCINE LIVERS: COMPARISON OF HYPOTHERMIC MACHINE PERFUSION VS. COLD STORAGE (2004)

P34 Aims: The long-term goal of this research program is to increase the number and quality of donor livers available for transplantation by developing a clinically usable, portable, hypothermic perfusion method of liver preservation that will reliably preserve human livers for 24 hours. There is substantial published evidence to suggest that the best method to preserve abdominal organs for transplantation is continuous hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP). The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of HMP upon the hepatic microcirculation and heptocellular function in an isolated perfused porcine liver model. Methods: Livers isolated from male mini-pigs (30-40kg) were either perfused with the Belzer’s Kidney Perfusion Solution (KPS) (HMP group, n=2), at 0.3 ml/min/g liver through the portal vein and 0.1 ml/min/g liver through the hepatic artery on a prototype LifePort™ Liver Transporter, or statically cold-stored in Viaspan™ (SCS group, n=5) at 4°C for 24 hr. Following preservation, livers from HMP, SCS and control group (without preservation, n=3) were perfused with Krebs-Henseleit Buffer solution with 30% hematocrit red blood cells at 37°C for 4hrs at flow rates of 0.6ml/min/g liver through the portal vein and 0.2 ml/min/g liver through the hepatic artery. Samples were taken every 30 min during warm perfusion to assess O2 consumption, hepatocyte damage and function (ALT, bile production, indocyanine green secretion). Endothelial cell function and permeability were determined by hyaluronic acid (HA) uptake during hour 2 and 3. Results: After 24hrs hypothermic preservation, HMP livers showed lower initial ALT level (13.0 ± 1.2 U/L) than SCS livers (20.6 ± 2.6 U/L). Oxygen consumption of HMP and SCS livers were comparable (2.12 ± 0.60 vs. 1.74 ± 0.71 × 103 μlO2/min/g liver) but were lower than controls (4.54 ± 0.83 × 103 μlO2/min/gliver) after 4hr rewarming. HMP, SCS, and control livers displayed comparable bile production (0.22 ± 0.25 in HMP vs. 0.48 ± 0.20 in SCS vs.0.34 ± 0.13 in control unit: μl/min/g liver) and indocyanine green secretion (5.8 ± 1.3 in HMP, 3.7 ± 1.7 in SCS vs. 4.4 ±0.9 in control unit: Abs/g bile). Endothelial cell function was improved as indicated by HA uptake (17.6%± 10.1 in HMP vs. 6.8 %±0.6 in SCS compared with 48.2±9.7% for controls) after 3hr rewarming. Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest that the hepatocellular functions were similar between perfused and statically stored livers, but perfusion improved endothelial cell function compared with static storage following 24hr preservation. Given that endothelial cell damage is implicated in cold preservation injuries in the literature and confirmed in this study, improved function of the sinusoidal endothelial cells are an important indicator of graft function following HMP preservation. Further studies in progress will confirm the significance of these observations.
Thermoelectric Microconverter for Energy Harvesting Systems (2009)

This paper presents a solution for energy microgeneration through energy harvesting by taking advantage of temperature differences that are converted into electrical energy using the Seebeck effect. A thermoelectric microconverter for energy scavenging systems that can supply low-power electronics was fabricated using thin films of bismuth and antimony tellurides. Thin films of n-type bismuth (Bi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Te <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) and p-type antimony (Sb <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Te <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) tellurides were obtained by thermal coevaporation with thermoelectric figures of merit (ZT) at room temperature of 0.84 and 0.5 and power factors (PF × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> [W · K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> ·m-2]) of 4.87 and 2.81, respectively. The films were patterned by photolithography and wet-etching techniques. The goal for this thermoelectric microconverter is to supply individual electroencephalogram (EEG) modules composed by an electrode, processing electronics, and an antenna, where the power consumption ranges from hundredths of microwatts to a few milliwatts. Moreover, these wireless EEG modules allow patients to maintain their mobility while simultaneously having their electrical brain activity monitored.
An ultrasensitive electrochemical “turn-on” label-free biosensor for Hg2+with AuNP-functionalized reporter DNA as a signal amplifier (2009)

A highly selective electrochemical biosensor for the ultrasensitive detection of Hg2+ in aqueous solution has been developed based on the strong and specific binding of Hg2+ by two DNA thymine bases (T-Hg2+-T) and the use of AuNP-functionalized reporter DNA to achieve signal amplification.
Integrated In-Flight Fault Detection and Accommodation: A Model-Based Study (2005)

In-flight fault accommodation of safety-critical faults requires rapid detection and remediation. Indeed, for a class of safety critical faults, detection within a millisecond range is imperative to allow accommodation in time to avert undesired engine behavior. We address these issues with an integrated detection and accommodation scheme. This scheme comprises model-based detection, a bank of binary classifiers, and an accommodation module. The latter biases control signals with pre-defined adjustments to regain operability while staying within established safety limits. The adjustments were developed using evolutionary algorithms to identify optimal biases off-line for multiple faults and points within the flight envelope. These biases are interpolated online for the current flight conditions. High-fidelity simulation results are presented showing accommodation applied to a high-pressure turbine fault on a commercial, high-bypass, twin-spool, turbofan engine throughout the flight envelope.
Multi-armed Bandit Problem with Known Trend (2015)

We consider a variant of the multi-armed bandit model, which we call multi-armed bandit problem with known trend, where the gambler knows the shape of the reward function of each arm but not its distribution. This new problem is motivated by different online problems like active learning, music and interface recommendation applications, where when an arm is sampled by the model the received reward change according to a known trend. By adapting the standard multi-armed bandit algorithm UCB1 to take advantage of this setting, we propose the new algorithm named A-UCB that assumes a stochastic model. We provide upper bounds of the regret which compare favourably with the ones of UCB1. We also confirm that experimentally with different simulations
Genomic structure and evolution of the mating type locus in the green seaweed Ulva partita (2017)

The evolution of sex chromosomes and mating loci in organisms with UV systems of sex/mating type determination in haploid phases via genes on UV chromosomes is not well understood. We report the structure of the mating type (MT) locus and its evolutionary history in the green seaweed Ulva partita, which is a multicellular organism with an isomorphic haploid-diploid life cycle and mating type determination in the haploid phase. Comprehensive comparison of a total of 12.0 and 16.6 Gb of genomic next-generation sequencing data for mt<sup>-</sup> and mt<sup>+</sup> strains identified highly rearranged MT loci of 1.0 and 1.5 Mb in size and containing 46 and 67 genes, respectively, including 23 gametologs. Molecular evolutionary analyses suggested that the MT loci diverged over a prolonged period in the individual mating types after their establishment in an ancestor. A gene encoding an RWP-RK domain-containing protein was found in the mt<sup>-</sup> MT locus but was not an ortholog of the chlorophycean mating type determination gene MID. Taken together, our results suggest that the genomic structure and its evolutionary history in the U. partita MT locus are similar to those on other UV chromosomes and that the MT locus genes are quite different from those of Chlorophyceae.
Influence of the Choice of the Template on the Short- and Long-Term Stability of SAPO-34 Zeolite (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfluence of the Choice of the Template on the Short- and Long-Term Stability of SAPO-34 ZeoliteM. Briend, R. Vomscheid, M. J. Peltre, P. P. Man, and D. BarthomeufCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 20, 8270–8276Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100020a060https://doi.org/10.1021/j100020a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1434Altmetric-Citations132LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Effect of haemodiafiltration with online regeneration of ultrafiltrate on oxidative stress in dialysis patients (2007)

Background. Increased oxidative stress (OxSt) as well as inflammation are risk factors for cardiovascular events and determinant of cardiovascular disease which remains the most common cause of excess morbidity and mortality for end-stage renal disease ESRD patients. Haemodiafiltration with on-line regeneration of ultrafiltrate (HFR) has been shown to have a positive impact on markers of inflammation while its effect on OxSt is not known. Methods. This study evaluates in haemodialysis patients the effect of HFR on the plasma level of oxidized LDL (OxLDL), a marker of OxSt, and mononuclear cell gene and protein expression of OxSt-related proteins such as p22 phox (subunit of NAD(P)H oxidase), PAI-1 (induced by OxSt and atherothrombogenetic) and haeme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) (induced by OxSt). Fourteen patients were randomized into two groups in a crossover design, treated for 6 month periods with HFR (SG8 Plus-Bellco, Mirandola, Italy) or low-flux bicarbonate dialysis (HD) using a polysulphone dialyser 1.8 m 2 . Blood samples were collected at the beginning of the study, after 6 months (crossover) and after 12 months. Results. ANOVA analysis of the data performed to rule out any crossover effect in either sequence was not significant and thus data from both sequences were combined and then analysed further statistically. HFR reduced mRNA production and protein expression of p22 phox and PAI-1 compared with HD (9 AE 5 vs 2 AE 6 %, P < 0.0001 and 15 AE 20 vs 3 AE 17 %, P < 0.05 for p22 phox ; 19 AE 6 vs 5 AE 5 %, P < 0.0001 and 24 AE 12 vs 9 AE 15 %, P < 0.0001 for PAI-1). HO-1 was unchanged (12 AE 8 vs 10 AE 8 % and 21 AE 12 vs 14 AE 8 %) while plasma OxLDL was reduced (14 AE 19 vs 1 AE 14 %, P < 0.01). Conclusions. The results of our study indicate that HFR treatment, compared with standard dialysis, has a lower impact on OxSt. Given, the strong relationship between OxSt and inflammation and their impact on the long-term cardiovascular complications in endstage renal disease patients, HFR might have a more beneficial impact in reducing the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in dialysis patients.
[Hydrocephalus of venous origin]. (1989)

The relationship between intracranial pressure and superior sagittal venous pressure has been often debated. On one side, the observation of patients with achondroplasia or hydrocephalus associated with craniostenosis suggest that the venous hyperpressure could be the cause of the enlarged ventricles; on the other side, reports have demonstrated that an increased superior sagittal venous pressure could be the consequence of increased intracranial pressure. Therefore, the authors undertook a study to determine if there was a test that could distinguish between rare instances of increased superior sagittal venous pressure caused by structural and irreversible narrowing of the sinus, and those caused by increased intraranial pressure. This test is based on the study of venous pressure variation during cerebrospinal fluid withdrawal as compared to simultaneous intracranial pressure variations. The relationship between a sinus venous hyperpressure and an enlargement of the ventricles, the pathology of pericerebral collection occurring in such cases of hydrocephalus are discussed.
Scaling the mode instability threshold with multicore fibers (2014)

Mode instabilities (MIs) have quickly become the most limiting effect for the average power scaling of nearly diffraction-limited beams from state-of-the-art fiber laser systems. In this work it is shown that, by using an advanced multicore photonic crystal fiber design, the threshold power of MIs can be increased linearly with the number of cores. An average output power of 536 W, corresponding to 4 times the threshold power of a single core, is demonstrated.
Thrombin generation assays: accruing clinical relevance (2004)

The method can be profitably applied to various hitherto unyielding problems such as the control of (low-molecular-weight) heparin therapy, the detection of lupus anticoagulant, and various forms of thrombomodulin and activated protein C resistance (including the use of oral contraceptives) as well as monitoring the treatment of hemophiliacs by factor VIII bypassing therapy. In PRP it reflects the abnormalities encountered in von Willebrand disease and Glanzmann and Bernard-Soulier thrombopathy as well as the action of antiplatelet drugs.
Stereo-based road obstacle detection and tracking (2011)

We present a novel visual obstacle detection and tracking system based on stereo vision. A robust stereo matcher, an obstacle detector and a tracker module are implemented and tested under actual driving conditions. Implemented system shows reliable range estimation, detection and tracking performance. Our system has showed 82.4 percent correctly detected rate in complex traffic situations.
Neoadjuvant therapy for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (2018)

Molecular-targeting therapy using tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate is effective for metastasis/recurrent gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Likewise, imatinib would be effective in the neoadjuvant therapy for high-risk GIST. Neoadjuvant therapy may have the potential to increase the complete resection rate and to avoid the surgical rupture by decreasing the tumor size. Thereby, it is expected that improvement of recurrence rate and survival rate can be obtained by neoadjuvant therapy. Neoadjuvant therapy is also expected to be favored from the viewpoint of organ/function preservation by tumor shrinkage. The existing results of clinical trials established the feasibility of neoadjuvant imatinib therapy. However, proof of the survival effectiveness of neoadjuvant imatinib therapy has not been sufficiently demonstrated. The aim of this article is to introduce previous evidence and strategies regarding neoadjuvant therapy for GIST.