gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
106 Early events in vaginal HIV transmission (2009)

Worldwide, the vast majority of HIV-1 cases occur through heterosexual transmission. Although the initial events involved in vaginal transmission are uncertain, studies suggest that dendritic cells in the vaginal epithelium may be involved in trapping viral particles on the surface, and transporting them to susceptible memory CD4+ T lymphocytes in the mucosa. However, studies show that the vaginal epithelium do not express known receptors for HIV attachment including CD4, CCR5, or DC-SIGN. Although dendritic cells expressing CD1a are present in the epithelium, and CD4+CCR5+ memory cells are abundant in the underlying lamina propria, the mechanisms involved in transport of HIV across the epithelium to the underlying target cells remains debated. Using a photoactivateable HIV, we are currently examining the earliest events in vaginal HIV transmission in rhesus macaques in vivo, and in human vaginal/cervical explants ex vivo. These studies have shown that HIV passively penetrates through layers of the squamous epithelium of the vagina, and thus gains access to intraepithelial antigen presenting cells. Breaks or thinning of the epithelium increase the level of penetration, and cervical mucus provides a protective barrier that traps most particles in the lumen. Although virus is frequently observed to penetrate the vaginal epithelium, in experimental macaques, virus is rarely found in the endocervix or upper reproductive tract. Combined, these data suggest that the vaginal mucosa is the major site of HIV entry, and is likely the major site of viral transmission in the female reproductive tract.
Draft Genome Sequence of Bacteroides reticulotermitis Strain JCM 10512 T , Isolated from the Gut of a Termite (2014)

Here we report the draft genome sequence of Bacteroides reticulotermitis strain JCM 10512(T), a xylanolytic and cellulolytic bacterium isolated from the gut of a wood-feeding termite. The genome information will facilitate the study of this strain for biomass degradation and adaptation to the gut environment.
Electric Field Effects on Armchair MoS2 Nanoribbons (2012)

Ab initio density functional theory calculations are performed to investigate the electronic structure of MoS(2) armchair nanoribbons in the presence of an external static electric field. Such nanoribbons, which are nonmagnetic and semiconducting, exhibit a set of weakly interacting edge states whose energy position determines the band gap of the system. We show that, by applying an external transverse electric field, E(ext), the nanoribbon band gap can be significantly reduced, leading to a metal-insulator transition beyond a certain critical value. Moreover, the presence of a sufficiently high density of states at the Fermi level in the vicinity of the metal-insulator transition leads to the onset of Stoner ferromagnetism that can be modulated, and even extinguished, by E(ext). In the case of bilayer nanoribbons we further show that the band gap can be changed from indirect to direct by applying a transverse field, an effect that might be of significance for opto-electronics applications.
Compensation Strategies for Gait Impairments in Parkinson Disease (2019)

Overall, these compensation strategies seem to appeal to processes that refer to earlier phases of the motor learning process rather than to a reliance on final consolidation. This review discusses the implications of the various compensation strategies for the management of gait impairment in Parkinson disease.
Internal stresses and antiferromagnetism in evaporated Cr films (1990)

We have prepared Cr films with thicknesses up to 100 nm by evaporation in ultrahigh (10−7 Torr) vacuum onto Corning glass (7059) substrates. The resistance of the films was measured in situ as a function of temperature and the shifts in Néel temperatures were measured as a function of film thickness. By using different substrate temperatures, it is possible to create compressive or tensile stresses in these films, which have a remarkable effect on the spin-density wave-paramagnetic transition. The results can be nicely correlated with the direct stress measurements of Abermann and Martinz.
PCR based polymorphisms for D14S242, D14S246, D14S241, D14S243,D14S244 and D14S245 (1993)

PCR based polymorphisms for D14S242, D14S246, D14S241, D14S243,D14S244 and D14S245 Get access Masayoshi lizuka, Masayoshi lizuka 1Oncogene Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute1-1, Tsukii 5-Chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mitsuo Oshimura, Mitsuo Oshimura 2Department of Life Sciences, Totton University Medical School86 Nishi-machi, Yonago-shi, Totton 683 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Takao Sekiya, Takao Sekiya 1Oncogene Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute1-1, Tsukii 5-Chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kenshi Hayashi Kenshi Hayashi * 1Oncogene Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute1-1, Tsukii 5-Chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1043Division of Genome Analysis, Institute of Genetic Information, Kyushu UniversityMaidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka 812, Japan *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 2, Issue 11, November 1993, Page 1979, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/2.11.1979 Published: 01 November 1993
Prognostic and diagnostic value of serum hyaluronan in patients with pancreatic carcinoma. (2018)

e16249 Background: Hyaluronan (HA) is a major component of the tumor stroma in pancreatic carcinoma (PC). HA accumulation increases tumor interstitial fluid pressure, which in turn compresses blood vessels and compromises blood flow. The aim of this prospective - retrospective biomarker study was to determine the prognostic and diagnostic value of serum HA in patients with PC. Methods: A cohort from the Danish BIOPAC study (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03311776) including 863 patients with histologically confirmed PC, ampullary carcinoma (n = 42), distal biliary tract cancer (n = 29), chronic pancreatitis (n = 15), intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (n = 41), patients subjected to surgery in whom PC was suspected but not histologically confirmed (no tumor) (n = 26), high grade dysplasia (n = 7) and 141 healthy controls were enrolled. Serum HA was determined by ELISA (R&D, catalog DHYALO). The main outcome was overall survival (OS) for patients with PC (male/female: 464/399; age < 50 vs. 50-69 vs. ≥70: 42/480/340; ECOG Performance Status (PS) of 0/1/2+: 285/346/107; stage 1/2/3/4: 15/211/153/484; diabetes yes/no: 208/655; smoking yes/no: 518/345; alcohol yes/no: 184/879; body mass index: low/normal/overweight: 64/436/250). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: Significant risk factors for poor outcome were log2-transformed HA (HR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.16-1.34, P < 0.001) and higher PS and stage in univariate analyses. Multivariable analyses showed that serum HA (HR = 1.21, 1.12-1.31), higher PS and higher stage were independently associated with a short OS. Higher HA was associated with higher stage (P < 0.001). HA was statistically significantly higher in PC patients compared with healthy subjects and benign conditions (P < 0.001, P = 002). No statistically significant difference in HA was observed comparing PC with chronic pancreatitis or other malign diseases. Conclusions: Serum HA was an independent prognostic biomarker in patients with PC. Serum HA may also be useful in differentiation between malignant and benign pancreatic conditions and may distinguish between early and late stage PC.
Total synthesis andin vivoevaluation of 8-deoxypumiliotoxin 193H (2019)

The total synthesis of both the double bond isomers of indolizine alkaloid 8-deoxypumiliotoxin 193H has been accomplished. Both the double bond isomers Z-4 and E-4 induced convulsions and inhibited neuro-muscular activity at a dose of 25 mg/kg after intraperitoneal injection in mice. The lethal dose of Z-4 and E-4 was 100 mg/kg, indicating that 8-deoxypumiliotoxin 193H is 10-times less toxic than the known pumiliotoxin (+)-251 D.
New composite materials based on cellulose fibres and biodegradable polymers (2008)

International audience
Electronic control of lasing regimes in an all-fiber cavity with an electro-optic switch-coupler (2020)

We report a new method for electronic control of lasing regimes in lasers with compact all-fiber cavities. The method relies on incorporation of a waveguide electro-optic switch which plays the dual role as a variable output coupler and an intracavity intensity modulator. We explored this method in a laser comprised of a semiconductor optical amplifier and an all-fiber cavity. Nanosecond pulse lasing at 1540 nm was achieved in mode-locked, harmonically mode-locked, and cavity-dumping regimes at different repetition rates on kHz and MHz scales. This method is suitable for different fiber lasers and will allow even picosecond pulse lasing with an appropriately fast switch.
Effects of the combined continuous administration of morphine and the high‐efficacy 5‐HT1A agonist, F 13640 in a rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain (2004)

F 13640 is a recently discovered high-efficacy 5-HT1A receptor agonist that has demonstrated robust anti-allodynic efficacy in a rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain upon acute and continuous administration. In this model, continuous morphine infusion (5 mg/day) was shown to be effective during the first week of its administration but became almost completely ineffective by the end of the second week; F 13640's effectiveness (0.63 mg/day) remained unchanged during two weeks. Here, we examined the effects of combining F 13640 infusion with that of morphine. During the first week, the combination of the two agents produced a magnitude of effect that was similar to that of morphine when given alone and larger than that of F 13640 alone. During the second week, the combination produced an effect that was similar to that of F 13640 alone, and more effective than that of morphine alone. The latter data suggest that the 5-HT1A agonist, F 13640, inhibits the development of tolerance to morphine in this model. However, it is also possible that little, if any, interaction occurred between the different mechanisms initiated by opioid and 5-HT1A receptor activation, and that the anti-allodynic effect that remained by the end of the two-week treatment period is due solely to 5-HT1A receptor activation. The stable effects of F 13640 during the second week of treatment surpassed those of morphine and were not improved by the addition of morphine to F 13640.
In Vivo and In Vitro Potency of Polyphosphazene Immunoadjuvants with Hepatitis C Virus Antigen and the Role of Their Supramolecular Assembly (2020)

Two well-defined synthetic polyphosphazene immunoadjuvants, PCPP and PCEP, were studied for their ability to potentiate the immune response to the hepatitis C virus (HCV) E2 glycoprotein antigen <i>in vivo</i>. We report that PCEP induced significantly higher serum neutralization and HCV-specific IgG titers in mice compared to other adjuvants used in the study: PCPP, Alum, and Addavax. PCEP also shifted the response toward the desirable balanced Th1/Th2 immunity, as evaluated by the antibody isotype ratio (IgG2a/IgG1). The <i>in vivo</i> results were analyzed in the context of antigen-adjuvant molecular interactions in the system and <i>in vitro</i> immunostimulatory activity of formulations. Asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (AF4) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis showed that both PCPP and PCEP spontaneously self-assemble with the E2 glycoprotein with the formation of multimeric water-soluble complexes, which demonstrates the role of polyphosphazene macromolecules as vaccine delivery vehicles. Intrinsic <i>in vitro</i> immunostimulatory activity of polyphosphazene adjuvants, which was assessed using a mouse macrophage cell line, revealed comparable activities of both polymers and did not provide an explanation of their <i>in vivo</i> performance. However, PCEP complexes with E2 displayed greater stability against agglomeration and improved <i>in vitro</i> immunostimulatory activity compared to those of PCPP, which is in line with superior <i>in vivo</i> performance of PCEP. The results emphasize the importance of often neglected antigen-polyphosphazene self-assembly mechanisms in formulations, which can provide important insights on their <i>in vivo</i> behavior and facilitate the establishment of a structure-activity relationship for this important class of immunoadjuvants.
On the Regret of $\mathcal{H}_{\infty}$ Control (2022)

The $\mathcal{H}_{\infty}$ synthesis approach is a cornerstone robust control design technique, but is known to be conservative in some cases. The objective of this paper is to quantify the additional cost the controller incurs planning for the worst-case scenario, by adopting an approach inspired by regret from online learning. We define the \textit{disturbance-reality gap} as the difference between the predicted worst-case disturbance signal and the actual realization. The regret is shown to scale with the norm of this \textit{gap}, which turns out to have a similar structure to that of the certainty equivalent controller with inaccurate predictions, obtained here in terms of the \textit{prediction error} norm.
MACS: maintenance assistance capability for software-a KADME (2002)

MACS's goal is to offer a customizable software maintenance assistance system. Its main concern is to help the maintainer in gaining a deep understanding of existing or in-progress applications, of the factual data (change management world and abstraction recovery world), the design decisions rationale (reasoning world), and the mapping of domain to programming components (interconnection world). This broad reverse-engineering approach is enhanced by impact analysis techniques to better perceive the interaction between components. The MACS supervisor proposes a set of maintenance process models to guide the maintainer through the MACS worlds. Knowledge base and expert system techniques are used in conjunction with software engineering techniques, which makes MACS a KADME (knowledge assistance for development and maintenance environment).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Human Endothelial Cell Spheroid-based Sprouting Angiogenesis Assay in Collagen (2018)

Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones plays an important role during organ development, regeneration and tumor progression. The spheroid-based sprouting assay is a well-established and robust method to study the influence of genetic alterations or pharmacological compounds on capillary-like tube formation of primary cultured endothelial cells. A major advantage of this assay is the possibility to study angiogenesis in a 3D environment. Endothelial cells are cultured as hanging drops to form spheroids. Those spheroids are embedded into a collagen matrix and tube formation is analyzed 24 h later. By analyzing sprout number and sprout length the effects of genetic manipulation or drug treatment on angiogenesis can be investigated.
Face Generation and Editing with StyleGAN: A Survey (2022)

Our goal with this survey is to provide an overview of the state of the art deep learning methods for face generation and editing using StyleGAN. The survey covers the evolution of StyleGAN, from PGGAN to StyleGAN3, and explores relevant topics such as suitable metrics for training, different latent representations, GAN inversion to latent spaces of StyleGAN, face image editing, cross-domain face stylization, face restoration, and even Deepfake applications. We aim to provide an entry point into the field for readers that have basic knowledge about the field of deep learning and are looking for an accessible introduction and overview.
Antiphospholipid Antibodies, Platelet and Endothelial Activation in Acute Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP). (2004)

Abstract BACKGROUND. Although the etiology of TTP remains controversial, some notable associated conditions have been identified. These include genetic predisposition, infections, drugs, pregnancy, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and deficiency of ADAMTS13. These associations underscore the suspected immunological nature of this disorder. Some authors have reported the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) with onset of fulminate severe TTP. Also, platelet and endothelial activation has been described in TTP but their possible relation with APLA is unknown. METHODS. We measured APLA in 19 patients with acute TTP and 17 in remission. Fifteen were female and four were male, mean age of 37 ± 15. All met the diagnostic criteria of TTP and were treated with standard therapy including exchange plasmapheresis. The severity of TTP was classified based on duration of hospitalization and numbers of plasmapheresis needed. Recurrence of TTP was assessed by history and review of medical records. CBC, platelet counts, blood chemistry and LDH were monitored. We investigated APLA antibodies IgG and IgM against 6 antigens (β2GP1, FVII/VIIa, CL, PC, PS, PE) by ELISA. To investigate platelet activation, we measured by flow cytometry: CD62P on platelets, and platelet microparticles (PMP) by CD41 (PMP41). We also measured endothelial microparticles (EMP) using CD62E. RESULTS. Lab study : In acute TTP, 42% (8/19) were APLA positive for at least one IgG antibody. The most frequent was aPS (33%) followed by aCL(28%), aPC(28%), aβ2GP1 (28%), FVII/VIIa (21%) and PE (21%). IgM antibodies were not detected. APLA was two-fold more prevalent in acute TTP (42%) than in remission (21%). In acute TTP multiple antibodies (two or more) were seen in 75% (6/8) while in remission only one (12.5%) had multiple antibodies. Platelet activation measured by CD62P was higher in APLA+ than in APLA− (102 ± 25 vs 33 ± 8 fluorescence units, p&lt;0.02, X ± SEM). PMP41 was higher in APLA+ than in APLA− but this difference was not significant. We also found that EMP62E was significantly higher in APLA+ than in APLA− patients (p&lt;0.01). Clinical observations : When comparing the two groups (APLA+ vs APLA−), APLA+ group had higher incidence of recurrence of TTP than APLA− (75% vs 36%), p&lt;0.05. Platelet counts, LDH, severity and incidence of CNS syndrome were not significantly different between APLA+ and APLA− groups. CONCLUSIONS: APLA are frequently seen in acute TTP (42%) and they tend to decline in remission. Their presence is associated with increased activation of platelets and endothelial cells, and also with clinical recurrence of TTP. APLA may play a role in excerbation and recurrence of TTP.
Nonheme oxoiron(iv) complexes of pentadentate N5 ligands: spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and oxidative reactivity (2012)

Oxoiron(IV) species have been found to act as the oxidants in the catalytic cycles of several mononuclear nonheme iron enzymes that activate dioxygen. To gain insight into the factors that govern the oxidative reactivity of such complexes, a series of five synthetic S = 1 [Fe(IV)(O)(L(N5))](2+) complexes has been characterized with respect to their spectroscopic and electrochemical properties as well as their relative abilities to carry out oxo transfer and hydrogen atom abstraction. The Fe=O units in these five complexes are supported by neutral pentadentate ligands having a combination of pyridine and tertiary amine donors but with different ligand frameworks. Characterization of the five complexes by X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals Fe=O bonds of ca. 1.65 Å in length that give rise to the intense 1s→3d pre-edge features indicative of iron centers with substantial deviation from centrosymmetry. Resonance Raman studies show that the five complexes exhibit ν(Fe=O) modes at 825-841 cm(-1). Spectropotentiometric experiments in acetonitrile with 0.1 M water reveal that the supporting pentadentate ligands modulate the E(1/2)(IV/III) redox potentials with values ranging from 0.83 to 1.23 V vs. Fc, providing the first electrochemical determination of the E(1/2)(IV/III) redox potentials for a series of oxoiron(IV) complexes. The 0.4-V difference in potential may arise from differences in the relative number of pyridine and tertiary amine donors on the L(N5) ligand and in the orientations of the pyridine donors relative to the Fe=O bond that are enforced by the ligand architecture. The rates of oxo-atom transfer (OAT) to thioanisole correlate linearly with the increase in the redox potentials, reflecting the relative electrophilicities of the oxoiron(IV) units. However this linear relationship does not extend to the rates of hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) from 1,3-cyclohexadiene (CHD), 9,10-dihydroanthracene (DHA), and benzyl alcohol, suggesting that the HAT reactions are not governed by thermodynamics alone. This study represents the first investigation to compare the electrochemical and oxidative properties of a series of S = 1 Fe(IV)=O complexes with different ligand frameworks and sheds some light on the complexities of the reactivity of the oxoiron(IV) unit.
Stabilized Blue Emission from Polyfluorene‐Based Light‐Emitting Diodes: Elimination of Fluorenone Defects (2003)

Abstract Polyfluorene (PF)‐based light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) typically exhibit device degradation under operation with the emergence of a strong low‐energy emission band (at ∼ 2.2–2.4 eV). This longer wavelength band converts the desired blue emission to blue–green or even yellow. We have studied both the photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) of PFs with different molecular structures and found that the low‐energy emission band originates from fluorenone defects which are introduced by photo‐oxidization, thermal oxidation, or during device fabrication. X‐ray photo‐emission spectroscopy (XPS) results show that the oxidation of PF is strongly catalyzed by the presence of calcium. The fluorenone defects generate a stronger contribution to the EL than to the PL. By utilization of a novel electron‐transporting material as a buffer layer between the emissive PF and the Ca/Ag (Ba/Ag) cathode, the blue EL emission from the PF was stabilized.
ChemInform Abstract: NOVEL PROCEDURE FOR SYNTHESIS OF TRIPHENODITHIAZINES (1979)

Abstract Die aus den Anilinen (I) durch Umsetzung mit Kaliumrhodanid über die Aminobenzothiazole (II) hergestellten Zinksalze von o‐Aminothiophenolen (III) werden mit Chloranil (IV) zu Dichlortriphenodithiazinen (V) kondensiert und durch Abspaltung des Chlors mit Zinnstaub in Polyphosphorsäure in Triphenodithiazine (VI) umgewandelt.
Estimation of multiple talker locations using randomly positioned microphones (method of subarray selection) (2001)

Abstract Technologies for estimating talker location are applicable to teleconference systems with the sense of presence and security systems. Our proposed method estimates multiple talker locations by using synchronous multipliers; it was assumed that the microphones surrounded the talkers. This paper considers the situation in which the talkers surround the microphones. In this arrangement, the main problem is that the capacity for detecting talker location is decreased. Therefore, we propose a new method of subarray selection. Experiments show that the proposed method of subarray selection is effective in estimating talker location. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 84(9): 42–48, 2001
Laughing at the Redeemer: Kundry and the Paradox of Parsifal (2007)

Matthew Wilson Smith discusses Wagner's “Parsifal” in relation to emerging discourses of psychology and aesthetics, and suggests that the work becomes in the process a proto-modern opera that dramatizes the increasingly problematic nature of both the self and representation.