gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparison of two cases of low-latitude thundersnow (2009)

Se examinan dos eventos de nevada con relmpagos en latitudes bajas a fin de identificar sus caractersticas.Ambos eventos se originaron a escala sinptica y tuvieron impactos de pequea escala (por ejemplo, ascenso orogrfico e inestabilidad elevada).El primer evento ocurri en el hemisferio sur y se desarroll a finales del invierno influenciado por la orografa subyacente.Este evento present abundancia de relmpagos (94 destellos nube-suelo en la regin); sin embargo, la acumulacin de nieve fue insignificante.Este evento fue dominado por relmpagos con polaridad negativa, con una amplitud mxima promedio de -43.2 kA.El segundo evento fue un caso de conveccin elevada en el hemisferio norte con frontognesis debajo de una capa extensa de inestabilidad potencial.Este evento tambin present abundantes relmpagos (706 destellos nube-suelo en la regin), as como considerable acumulacin de nieve sobre un rea extensa.Este evento tambin fue dominado por relmpagos con polaridad negativa, con una amplitud mxima promedio de -23.7 kA.Ambos eventos ameritan mayor investigacin dado que estudios sobre tormentas similares no son abordados frecuentemente en la literatura.Ms an, teniendo en consideracin que las regiones clidas sub-tropicales usualmente no estn preparadas para enfrentar ni siquiera los efectos de pequeas acumulaciones de nieve o hielo.En el futuro, los pronosticadores pueden anticipar mejor estos eventos anmalos observando las siguientes caractersticas generales: 1) sistemas climticos sinpticos significativos y bien definidos en bajas latitudes; 2) una zona baroclnica fuerte con estructura de chorro superpuesta bien definida (60 ms -1 ); 3) una extensin considerable y profunda de aire fro ms prximo al ecuador de lo tpico; y 4) una capa con humedad neutral a inestabilidad condicional sobre la zona frontal.
PhacePhinder (2012)

This demo presents a client-server application which collects images and personal information from social networks to build face recognition databases. The client runs on a mobile phone allowing any face captured by a mobile phone's camera to be identified. Using the personal information collected we give back the most meaningful social connection between the user and the recognized individual.
Stereospezifische Fragmentierungen in den Massenspektren von Cyclohexandiaminen und Bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexanen. 33. Mitteilung über massenspektrometrische Untersuchungen,, (1979)

Stereospecific Fragmentations in the Mass Spectra of Cyclohexanediamines and Bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexanes The mass spectral behaviour, especially loss of NH 3 , of the six isomeric cyclohexanediamines 1‐‐3 ( cis and trans each, Scheme 1 ) as well as of the six isomeric bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexanes 4‐‐6 ( cis and trans each, Scheme 6 ) has been investigated. The cis ‐ and trans ‐compounds of the 1,2‐isomers 1 and 4 show very similar spectra, because of the ease of ring cleavage at C(1)–‐C(2) and the similar geometrical relations in all ring conformations. The cis ‐ and trans ‐compounds of both the 1,3‐ and 1,4‐isomers 2, 3, 5 and 6 show striking differences in their mass spectra due to stereospecific elimination of NH 3 from the molecular ion.
Project W-151 flexible receiver radiation detector system acceptance test plan. Revision 1 (1994)

The attached document is the Acceptance Test Plan for the portion of Project W-151 dealing with acceptance of gamma-ray detectors and associated electronics manufactured at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL). The document provides a written basis for testing the detector system, which will take place in the 305 building (300 Area).
Drug Discovery over the Past Thirty Years: Why Aren’t There More New Drugs? (2016)

The rate of drug discovery has not kept pace with the exponential increase in biomedical knowledge. For the past 30 years, the number of new molecular enti- ties approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration has averaged 20 to 30 drugs per year, except for a peak in the mid-1990s that briefly doubled this rate. This modest productivity cannot be explained by lack of funding, as the research budgets of government and industry-funded programs have increased threefold to fivefold over the past three decades. Various arguments have been proposed to account for the relative lack of innovative new drugs, but little consideration has been given to the focus on hypothesis-driven translational research. In theory, the emphasis on translational research should have led to an increase in the number of new drugs. However, in considering the historical perspective of drug discovery and the role of serendipity, it can be argued that the emphasis on translational research diverts scientists from pursuing basic-science studies that give rise to fundamental discoveries. In many cases, retro-translational research (from clinic to basic science) is necessary before the disease process can be understood well enough for scientists to develop therapeutics. Ultimately, a balance of disease-oriented and basic-science research on fundamental processes is optimal.
Deep Reader: Information extraction from Document images via relation extraction and Natural Language (2018)

Recent advancements in the area of Computer Vision with state-of-art Neural Networks has given a boost to Optical Character Recognition (OCR) accuracies. However, extracting characters/text alone is often insufficient for relevant information extraction as documents also have a visual structure that is not captured by OCR. Extracting information from tables, charts, footnotes, boxes, headings and retrieving the corresponding structured representation for the document remains a challenge and finds application in a large number of real-world use cases. In this paper, we propose a novel enterprise based end-to-end framework called DeepReader which facilitates information extraction from document images via identification of visual entities and populating a meta relational model across different entities in the document image. The model schema allows for an easy to understand abstraction of the entities detected by the deep vision models and the relationships between them. DeepReader has a suite of state-of-the-art vision algorithms which are applied to recognize handwritten and printed text, eliminate noisy effects, identify the type of documents and detect visual entities like tables, lines and boxes. Deep Reader maps the extracted entities into a rich relational schema so as to capture all the relevant relationships between entities (words, textboxes, lines etc) detected in the document. Relevant information and fields can then be extracted from the document by writing SQL queries on top of the relationship tables. A natural language based interface is added on top of the relationship schema so that a non-technical user, specifying the queries in natural language, can fetch the information with minimal effort. In this paper, we also demonstrate many different capabilities of Deep Reader and report results on a real-world use case.
Object use-cases clustering using MDL (2011)

Today the software researchers and the industry specialists are paying more attention towards the component based software development. It is a powerful tool to enhance the productivity and accelerate the development time. There are different areas for which the components can be developed. This is well formulated in the 3C model [13]. There are two concepts in the field of software reusable process. One is development with reuse and other is development for reuse [1]. Development with existing reusable software components is known as the development with reuse. One should follow a software life cycle to develop the software. The artifacts resulting from the software life cycle phases can be reused. Our work deals with the extraction of software components from the software design phase. Many researchers have proposed the extraction of software components from the software design. Some of them are based on Unified Modeling Language (UML). These techniques focused on the various models and their corresponding inter and intra relationships. Our method is also based on UML but have a different perspective. It describes various models and their relationships. The information about the models and their relationships has been extracted not from the model directly but from their corresponding petal/mdl (model description language) files. Petal/mdl is an unstructured representation of the information contained in the various UML diagrams like use case, class, sequence etc in textual format. Extracted information is mapped into database tables to form clusters. The process of clustering is to facilitate the retrieval of components so as to gain high precision and recall.
The effectiveness of the Salter innominate osteotomy in the treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip. (1986)

A retrospective review of sixty-eight innominate osteotomies that were performed in fifty-four patients at a university teaching hospital was undertaken to compare the results of these operations with those published by Salter and by his colleagues and to see if the results were different when the procedure was combined with open reduction compared with when it was performed after open reduction. Over-all, nearly three-quarters of the patients had excellent or good radiographic and clinical results. Avascular necrosis occurred in four patients after open reduction and innominate osteotomy. Postoperatively, eight complications developed in seven patients. Innominate osteotomy improved coverage of the femoral head. There was no noticeable difference between the results of innominate osteotomy combined with open reduction and those of innominate osteotomy performed after a previous open reduction. The patients who had an open reduction combined with innominate osteotomy before the age of four years had better results and required fewer subsequent procedures than did patients who had the operation after that age.
ROSCOE: A Suite of Metrics for Scoring Step-by-Step Reasoning (2022)

Large language models show improved downstream task performance when prompted to generate step-by-step reasoning to justify their final answers. These reasoning steps greatly improve model interpretability and verification, but objectively studying their correctness (independent of the final answer) is difficult without reliable methods for automatic evaluation. We simply do not know how often the stated reasoning steps actually support the final end task predictions. In this work, we present ROSCOE, a suite of interpretable, unsupervised automatic scores that improve and extend previous text generation evaluation metrics. To evaluate ROSCOE against baseline metrics, we design a typology of reasoning errors and collect synthetic and human evaluation scores on commonly used reasoning datasets. In contrast with existing metrics, ROSCOE can measure semantic consistency, logicality, informativeness, fluency, and factuality - among other traits - by leveraging properties of step-by-step rationales. We empirically verify the strength of our metrics on five human annotated and six programmatically perturbed diagnostics datasets - covering a diverse set of tasks that require reasoning skills and show that ROSCOE can consistently outperform baseline metrics.
Training Conditional Random Fields Using Transfer Learning for Gesture Recognition (2010)

Recently, combining Conditional Random Fields (CRF) with Neural Network has shown the success of learning high-level features in sequence labeling tasks. However, such models are difficult to train because of the increase of the parameters to tune which needs enormous of labeled data to avoid over fitting. In this paper, we propose a transfer learning framework for the sequence labeling task of gesture recognition. Taking advantage of the frame correlation, we design an unsupervised sequence model as a pseudo auxiliary task to capture the underlying information from both the labeled and unlabeled data. The knowledge learnt by the auxiliary task can be transferred to the main task of CRF with a deep architecture by sharing the hidden layers, which is very helpful for learning meaningful representation and reducing the need of labeled data. We evaluate our model under 3 gesture recognition datasets. The experimental results of both supervised learning and semi-supervised learning show that the proposed model improves the performance of the CRF with Neural Network and other baseline models.
Experimental characterization of a non linear electrostatic quadripole: application to insulated gate power components (2002)

Switching of insulated gate semiconductors (MOSFET, IGBT, ...) is dominated by electrostatic properties. Unfortunately, current manufacturer datasheets do not include relevant information to accurately forecast transients waveforms. First, a non linear electrostatic quadripole is studied from a theoretical point of view. This short but rigorous analysis allows the reader to understand why supplied data are not relevant. Second, a novel method of experimental characterisation is proposed. It leads to a more complete description of the electrostatic behaviour of such a component. Finally, transient waveforms are acquired on a simple circuit including a switch and they are compared to simulated ones. Benefit of the improved characterisation, then, becomes obvious.
Zero-error network coding for acyclic networks (2003)

Consider transmitting a set of information sources through a communication network that consists of a number of nodes. Between certain pair of nodes, there exist communication channels on which information can be transmitted. At a node, one or more information sources may be generated, and each of them is multicast to a set of destination nodes on the network. In this paper, we study the problem of under what conditions a set of mutually independent information sources can be faithfully transmitted through a communication network, for which the connectivity among the nodes and the multicast requirements of the source information are arbitrary except that the connectivity does not form directed cycles. We obtain inner and outer bounds on the zero-error admissible coding rate region in term of the regions /spl Gamma//sub N//sup */ and /spl Gamma/~/sub N//sup */, which are fundamental regions in the entropy space defined by Yeung. The results in this paper can be regarded as zero-error network coding theorems for acyclic communication networks.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Insulin-like Growth factor Binding Protein 3, and Atrial Fibrillation in the Elderly (2013)

Low IGF-I and low IGFBP-3 serum levels were independently associated with AF in this elderly population. This result should be confirmed in a longitudinal study to evaluate whether IGF-I and/or IGFBP-3 serum levels are predictive of incident AF.
Modeling cis-regulation with a compendium of genome-wide histone H3K27ac profiles (2016)

Model-based analysis of regulation of gene expression (MARGE) is a framework for interpreting the relationship between the H3K27ac chromatin environment and differentially expressed gene sets. The framework has three main functions: MARGE-potential, MARGE-express, and MARGE-cistrome. MARGE-potential defines a regulatory potential (RP) for each gene as the sum of H3K27ac ChIP-seq signals weighted by a function of genomic distance from the transcription start site. The MARGE framework includes a compendium of RPs derived from 365 human and 267 mouse H3K27ac ChIP-seq data sets. Relative RPs, scaled using this compendium, are superior to superenhancers in predicting BET (bromodomain and extraterminal domain) -inhibitor repressed genes. MARGE-express, which uses logistic regression to retrieve relevant H3K27ac profiles from the compendium to accurately model a query set of differentially expressed genes, was tested on 671 diverse gene sets from MSigDB. MARGE-cistrome adopts a novel semisupervised learning approach to identify cis-regulatory elements regulating a gene set. MARGE-cistrome exploits information from H3K27ac signal at DNase I hypersensitive sites identified from published human and mouse DNase-seq data. We tested the framework on newly generated RNA-seq and H3K27ac ChIP-seq profiles upon siRNA silencing of multiple transcriptional and epigenetic regulators in a prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP-abl. MARGE-cistrome can predict the binding sites of silenced transcription factors without matched H3K27ac ChIP-seq data. Even when the matching H3K27ac ChIP-seq profiles are available, MARGE leverages public H3K27ac profiles to enhance these data. This study demonstrates the advantage of integrating a large compendium of historical epigenetic data for genomic studies of transcriptional regulation.
Robotic‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy: An update on functional and oncologic outcomes, techniques, and advancements in technology (2015)

The robotic platform has revolutionized the management of prostate cancer over the last 15 years. Several techniques have been developed to improve functional and oncologic outcomes, including meticulous apical and posterior dissection, nerve sparing techniques, bladder neck and urethral length sparing, and anastomotic reconstruction. Future developments involving novel single-site, robotic technology will undoubtedly further the field of minimally invasive urology. These topics are reviewed within this article.
Evaluation of a prototype Trypanosoma cruzi antibody assay with recombinant antigens on a fully automated chemiluminescence analyzer for blood donor screening (2006)

The results obtained to date, in terms of sensitivity as well as specificity, strongly suggest that the PRISM Chagas assay should function well as a tool for screening blood for serologic evidence of T. cruzi infection.
AIRD: Adversarial Learning Framework for Image Repurposing Detection (2019)

Image repurposing is a commonly used method for spreading misinformation on social media and online forums, which involves publishing untampered images with modified metadata to create rumors and further propaganda. While manual verification is possible, given vast amounts of verified knowledge available on the internet, the increasing prevalence and ease of this form of semantic manipulation call for the development of robust automatic ways of assessing the semantic integrity of multimedia data. In this paper, we present a novel method for image repurposing detection that is based on the real-world adversarial interplay between a bad actor who repurposes images with counterfeit metadata and a watchdog who verifies the semantic consistency between images and their accompanying metadata, where both players have access to a reference dataset of verified content, which they can use to achieve their goals. The proposed method exhibits state-of-the-art performance on location-identity, subject-identity and painting-artist verification, showing its efficacy across a diverse set of scenarios.
RNA polymerase II pausing modulates hematopoietic stem cell emergence in zebrafish (2016)

The promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) plays a critical role in regulating metazoan gene transcription. Despite the prevalence of Pol II pausing across the metazoan genomes, little is known about the in vivo effect of Pol II pausing on vertebrate development. We use the emergence of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in zebrafish embryos as a model to investigate the role of Pol II pausing in vertebrate organogenesis. Disrupting Pol II pausing machinery causes a severe reduction of HSC specification, a defect that can be effectively rescued by inhibiting Pol II elongation. In pausing-deficient embryos, the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling is elevated due to enhanced transcription elongation of key pathway genes, leading to HSC inhibition; in contrast, the interferon-γ (IFN-γ) signaling and its downstream effector Jak2/Stat3, which are required for HSC formation, are markedly attenuated owing to reduced chromatin accessibility on IFN-γ receptor genes. These findings reveal a novel transcription mechanism instructing HSC fate by pausing-mediated differential regulation of key signaling pathways.
Comparison of McN-3495 [N-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinylidene-N' -phenyl-1-pyrrolidinecarboximidamide], A New, Orally Effective, Hypoglycemic Agent, with the Biguanides (1978)

McN-3495 [chemical name: N-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinylidene)-N'-phenyl-1-pyrrolidinecarboximidamide], a new, oral, effective hypoglycemic agent that is structurally distinct from the biguanides, has been shown to be mechanistically distinct from the biguanides and to lack comparable side effects in animals. The biguanides (phenformin, buformin, metformin), which were active when glucose was given orally to fasted rats and dogs, failed to lower fasting blood glucose or improve glucose tolerance when the glucose was administered parenterally, thus suggesting that biguanides inhibit intestinal glucose absorption. McN-3495, however, lowered the fasting concentrations of glucose and increased glucose disappearance whether the glucose was administered orally or parenterally. Furthermore, intestinal glucose transport, measured by use of the everted sac technique, was inhibited after oral pretreatment of rats with buformin and phenformin but not with McN-3495. However, both phenformin and McN-3495 inhibited glucose transport when added directly in vitro, although McN-3495 did so at higher concentrations. The reasons for the differing actions of McN-3495 and the biguanides on intestinal transport in vivo and in vitro are discussed. New models for biguanide-induced lactacidemia using normal and streptozotocin-diabetic rats were developed. In addition, a number of the gastrointestinal side effects of phenformin use were observed in animal experiments. McN-3495, at doses above projected therapeutic doses, however, did not produce lactacidemia or comparable gastrointestinal side effects. Thus, McN-3495 is a novel oral hypoglycemic agent, probably safer than phenformin, that could provide better control of blood glucose in diabetic patients.
Off-axis variable focus and aberration control mirrors (2003)

Elliptical-boundary deformable mirrors have been developed for focus control of an optical beam incident at forty-five degrees with respect to the surface normal. The mirrors are silicon nitride membranes 1.4×1 mm in size, designed to accommodate a 1 mm diameter beam. Two electrostatic actuation zones provide control over spherical aberration. Focal lengths ranging from infinity to 36 mm have been achieved, and the mirror surface figure has been characterized to quantify aberration. Residual aberrations have been observed to be less than λ/5 (peak to peak) measured at λ = 660 nm.
Gait Patterns in Children With Limb Length Discrepancy (2014)

Level II.
Neonatal urinary ascites. (1985)

Two neonates with spontaneous rupture of the bladder and an otherwise normal genitourinary tract are described. Conservative management resulted in complete resolution of the lesion in one but the other child died from a coliform septicaemia. Necropsy showed a discrete ischaemic lesion in the fundus of the bladder.