gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of mechanical deformation and mineral dissolution/precipitation on reservoir thermal energy storage (2022)

Reservoir thermal energy storage (RTES) is a promising technology to balance the mismatch between energy supply and demand. In particular, high temperature (HT) RTES can stabilize the grid with increasing penetration of renewable energy generation. This paper presents the investigation of the mechanical deformation and chemical reaction influences on the performance of HT-ATES for the Lower Tuscaloosa site. Thermo-hydraulic (TH), thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM), and thermo-hydro-chemical (THC) coupled simulations were performed with different operational modes and injection rates for a fixed five-spot well configuration and a seasonal cycle. The results show that (1) geomechanical-induced porosity change is mainly contributed by effective stress change, and the porosity change is distributed through the whole system; (2) geochemistry-induced porosity change is located near the hot well, and its change is one order of magnitude higher than the geomechanical effect; (3) both the operation mode and the injection rate have a huge influence on the RTES performance and lower injection rate with push-pull operation mode has the best performance with recovery factor around 70% for this RTES system. These results shed light on the deployment of HT-RTES in the US and around the world.
Computer Security: Principles and Practice (2008)

Computer Security, 5th Edition features a balanced presentation of both principles and practice. It incorporates broad and comprehensive coverage of computer and network security with current developments and topics in the field. Principles, design approaches, standards, and real-world examples give you an understanding of both the theory and application of important concepts. Hands-on security education, research, programming and firewall projects give you practice applying the material. Hacking and lab exercises, real-world case studies, and security assessments further your understanding of text concepts.
Pumping of methane by St707 at low temperatures (1986)

A simple means of pumping small leak rates of methane is frequently required in long-term sealed-off devices such as evacuated solar absorbers. In this paper we examine, in this context, a chemisorption or catalytic pump the SAES getter St707. After suitable activation in an ultrahigh vacuum system a small sample of St707 (2.7×3 cm), with heater external to the vacuum system, was exposed to a methane leak as the sample temperature was raised in steps from room temperature to 400 °C, the highest temperature used. Pumping was first detected at 100 °C and at 400 °C the pumping speed was 2×10−3 l s−1 cm−2 (pumping area assumed 8 cm2), after 0.34 Torr l of methane had been pumped. Care was taken to distinguish these small pumping speeds from ionic pumping by the gages. The conclusion is that the St707 getter is suitable as a methane pump of low speed at low temperatures and pressures.
The calcium channel blocker nifedipine attenuates slow excitatory amino acid neurotoxicity (1990)

High concentrations of potent N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) agonists can trigger degeneration of cultured mouse cortical neurons after an exposure of only a few minutes; in contrast, selective non-NMDA agonists or low levels of NMDA agonists require exposures of several hours to induce comparable damage. The dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist nifedipine was used to test whether this slow neurotoxicity is mediated by a calcium influx through voltage-gated channels. Nifedipine had little effect on the widespread neuronal degeneration induced by brief exposure to high concentrations of NMDA but substantially attenuated the neurotoxicity produced by 24-hour exposure to submaximal concentrations of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate, kainate, or quinolinate. Calcium ion influx through dihydropyridine-sensitive, voltage-dependent calcium channels may be an important step in the neuronal injury induced by the prolonged activation of NMDA or non-NMDA glutamate receptors.
Agents affecting lipid metabolism. XXVI. Specificity of some inhibitors of the late stages of cholesterol biosynthesis (1967)

The capacity of 22,25-DAC, AY-9944 and triparanol to inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis from three precursors, mevalonate, 7-dehydrocholesterol and desmosterol, has been studied in rat liver homogenates.Evidence is presented that, in vitro, 22,25-DAC, a potent inhibitor of the sterol Delta(24)-reductase, also inhibits the 7-dehydrocholesterol-Delta(7)-reductase system.
Conversion of 7-Dehydrocholesterol to 7-Ketocholesterol Is Catalyzed by Human Cytochrome P450 7A1 and Occurs by Direct Oxidation without an Epoxide Intermediate (2011)

7-Ketocholesterol is a bioactive sterol, a potent competitive inhibitor of cytochrome P450 7A1, and toxic in liver cells. Multiple origins of this compound have been identified, with cholesterol being the presumed precursor. Although routes for formation of the 7-keto compound from cholesterol have been established, we found that 7-dehydrocholesterol (the immediate precursor of cholesterol) is oxidized by P450 7A1 to 7-ketocholesterol (k(cat)/K(m) = 3 × 10(4) m(-1) s(-1)). P450 7A1 converted lathosterol (Δ(5)-dihydro-7-dehydrocholesterol) to a mixture of the 7-keto and 7α,8α-epoxide products (~1:2 ratio), with the epoxide not rearranging to the ketone. The oxidation of 7-dehydrocholesterol occured with predominant formation of 7-ketocholesterol and with the 7α,8α-epoxide as only a minor product; the synthesized epoxide was stable in the presence of P450 7A1. The mechanism of 7-dehydrocholesterol oxidation to 7-ketocholesterol is proposed to involve a Fe(III)-O-C-C(+) intermediate and a 7,8-hydride shift or an alternative closing to yield the epoxide (Liebler, D. C., and Guengerich, F. P. (1983) Biochemistry 22, 5482-5489). Accordingly, reaction of P450 7A1 with 7-[(2)H(1)]dehydrocholesterol yielded complete migration of deuterium in the product 7-ketocholesterol. The finding that 7-dehydrocholesterol is a precursor of 7-ketocholesterol has relevance to an inborn error of metabolism known as Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) caused by defective cholesterol biosynthesis. Mutations within the gene encoding 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase, the last enzyme in the pathway, lead to the accumulation of 7-dehydrocholesterol in tissues and fluids of SLOS patients. Our findings suggest that 7-ketocholesterol levels may also be elevated in SLOS tissue and fluids as a result of P450 7A1 oxidation of 7-dehydrocholesterol.
Interactive exemplar-based segmentation toolkit for biomedical image analysis (2015)

In the field of biomedical imaging analysis on single-cell level, reliable and fast segmentation of the cell nuclei from the background on three-dimensional images is highly needed for the further analysis. In this work we propose an interactive cell segmentation toolkit that first establishes a set of exemplar regions from user input through an easy and intuitive interface in both 2D and 3D in real-time, then extracts the shape and intensity features from those exemplars. Based on a local contrast-constrained region growing scheme, each connected component in the whole image would be filtered by the features from exemplars, forming an “exemplar-matching” group which passed the filtering and would be part of the final segmentation result, and a “non-exemplar-matching” group in which components would be further segmented by the gradient vector field based algorithm. The results of the filtering process are visualized back to the user in near real-time, thus enhancing the experience in exemplar selecting and parameter tuning. The toolkit is distributed as a plugin within the open source Vaa3D system (http://vaa3d.org).
Direction of arrival estimation using antenna arrays (1996)

The objective of this thesis is to design, build and evaluate a direction-of-arrival measurement system using an antenna array operating at 2050 MHz. The first phase of the project is an extensive study of various high resolution DOA estimation algorithms. The algorithms studied include subspace-based techniques such as the MUSIC (MUltiple Signal Classification) and ESPRIT (Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance) algorithm, and the integrated approaches which combine property restoral-based techniques such as the Iterative Least Squares Projection-based Constant Modulus Algorithm (lLSP-CMA) with subspace-based techniques. All these algorithms were simulated in MATLAB and their performance under different conditions were tested and compared. In the second phase of the project a six element uniformly spaced linear array receiver was built. Three Ariel DSP-96 boards based on the Motorola DSP96002 are used to simultaneously sample, collect, and store data from each of the array elements. The data collected by the DSP boards are processed off-line to estimate the directions of arrival. Several experiments are conducted to test the functioning of the system under various conditions, and demonstrate the performance of different algorithms. Results of these experiments are also presented in this thesis.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMOLYSIS OF MODEL COMPOUNDS FOR COAL. 3. RADICAL CHAIN DECOMPOSITION OF 1,3‐DIPHENYLPROPANE AND 1,4‐DIPHENYLBUTANE (1983)

Abstract Die Thermolyse von 1,3‐Diphenylpropan (I) zu Toluol (II) und Styrol (III) sowie dem Folgeprodukt (IV) und.
Chromatin Remodeling by Transcriptional Activation Domains in a Yeast Episome (1997)

We examine the generality of transcription factor-mediated chromatin remodeling by monitoring changes in chromatin structure in a yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) episome outside of the context of a natural promoter. The episome has a well defined chromatin structure and a binding site for the transcription factor GAL4 but lacks a nearby functional TATA element or transcription start site, so that changes in chromatin structure are unlikely to be caused by transcription. To separate changes caused by binding and by activation domains, we use both GAL4 and a chimeric, hormone-dependent activator consisting of the GAL4 DNA-binding domain, an estrogen receptor (ER) hormone-binding domain, and a VP16 activation domain (Louvion, J.-F., Havaux-Copf, B. and Picard, D. (1993) Gene (Amst.) 131, 129-134). Both GAL4 and GAL4.ER.VP16 show very little perturbation of chromatin structure in their nonactivating configurations. Substantial additional perturbation occurs upon activation. This additional perturbation is marked by changes in micrococcal nuclease cleavage patterns, restriction endonuclease accessibility, and DNA topology and is not seen with the nonactivating derivative GAL4.ER. Remodeling by GAL4.ER.VP16 is detectable within 15 min following hormone addition and is complete within 45 min, suggesting that replication is not required. We conclude that activation domains can exert a major influence on chromatin remodeling by increasing binding affinity and/or by recruitment of other chromatin remodeling activities and that this remodeling can occur outside the context of a bona fide promoter.
Simple-structure, generally applicable chip-scale package (2002)

One way to provide the ultimate shrinkage, required for the fabricating of small, lightweight, and high-performance electrical devices is by using chip-scale packaging. We have therefore developed an original chip-scale package called fine-pitch BGA (FPBGA), which has a very simple structure, consisting of carrier tape, an adhesive layer, and solder bumps. Its assembly process is similar to that of TCP assembly, and FPBGA has many advantages over other IC mounting processes and other similar chip-scale packages.
Shunt failure due to intracranial migration of BioGlide ventricular catheters (2011)

BioGlide snap-design ventricular catheters are prone to disconnection. Continued vigilance and specific imaging are important. Catheter removal after disconnection may be difficult. Elective removal prior to disconnection in asymptomatic children has not been performed.
¿El Cabure-í (<i>Glaucidium brasilianum</i>) consume frutos? (2016)

This article does not have an abstract.
Incidence of natural resistance mutations in naïve chronic hepatitis B patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis (2014)

The resistance mutations occurred frequently in untreated CHB patients, especially in China. The lamivudine resistance had the highest natural prevalence rate, while other nucleos(t)ide analogues showed rarely spontaneous resistance. Detecting the spontaneous resistance mutations will benefit the clinical management of CHB patients.
Associations between metabolic disorders and risk of cancer in Danish men and women – a nationwide cohort study (2016)

Diabetes and hypertension were associated with increased risk of all-site cancer.
Bus encoding to prevent crosstalk delay (2002)

The propagation delay across long on-chip buses is increasingly becoming a limiting factor in high-speed designs. Crosstalk between adjacent wires on the bus may create a significant portion of this delay. Placing a shield wire between each signal wire alleviates the crosstalk problem but doubles the area used by the bus, an unacceptable consequence when the bus is routed using scarce top-level metal resources. Instead, we propose to employ data encoding to eliminate crosstalk delay within a bus. This paper presents a rigorous analysis of the theory behind "self-shielding codes", and gives the fundamental theoretical limits on the performance of codes with and without memory. Specifically, we find that a 32-bit bus can be encoded with 40 wires using a code with memory or 46 wires with a memoryless code, in comparison to the 63 wires required with simple shielding.
A detailed investigation of the core@shell structure of exchanged coupled magnetic nanoparticles after performing solvent annealing (2022)

Solvent annealing at around 300 °C resulted in a significant modification of the structure and the magnetic properties of core–shell metal oxide nanoparticles as shown by DANES and XMCD.
Privacy protection for users of location-based services (2012)

With the proliferation of mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets, location-based services are becoming increasingly popular. LBSs, albeit useful and convenient, pose a serious threat to users' privacy as they are enticed to reveal their locations to LBS providers via their queries for location-based information. How to protect users' privacy against potentially compromised LBS providers is of vital importance to the well being of the LBS ecosystem, given that the LBS market can expand and prosper only if users feel comfortable about using LBSs. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the existing schemes for protecting LBS users' privacy. We first introduce potential privacy threats to LBS users, followed by a discussion on privacy metrics. We then classify the protection schemes according to their architectural properties (i.e., server-based or mobile-device-based) and privacy metrics (e.g., k-anonymity or location entropy). Finally, we discuss several promising directions for future research into LBS users privacy protection.
Continuous liquid level measurements with time domain reflectometry (1972)

A time domain reflectometer is considered as a closed loop, one-dimensional radar system. Applying the principle of time domain reflectometry to the detection of cryogenic liquid levels, measurements on the order of + or - 0. 3% of total liquid level probe length are possible. The time domain reflectometer liquid level measurement is independent of liquid density variations and is simple to calibrate and operate. Construction of the liquid level sensing probe is described.
Closed-loop actuator identification for Brazilian Thrust Vector Control development (2016)

This paper presents the current status of the development of a Thrust Vector Control system for new Brazilian launch vehicles, looking for the highest performance by closed-loop servo hydraulic actuator identification. Therefore, a test environment with a mass-spring test bench is introduced. Engineering models of two different types of actuators, three-way and four-way valve controlled pistons with direct drive control valves are developed. The dynamic responses are experimentally determined and subsequently mathematically modeled.
Speech Intelligibility in Adverse Conditions in Recorded Virtual Auditory Environments (1998)

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of presentation mode on speech intelligibility in adverse listening conditions as signal-to-noise ratio was systematically varied in anechoic and reverberant environments. Speech intelligibility scores were obtained from 21 normally hearing listeners using a nonsense syllable test. The syllables were recorded in three environments (mono anechoic, spatial anechoic and spatial reverberant) at three SNR (0, 5, and 9dB) using two simultaneous interfering sound sources. The findings indicate (a) percent correct performance was about 40% lower with the traditional diotic presentation compared to a virtual presentation; (b) performance in the virtual reverberant was about 5% lower than in the virtual anechoic environment.
Development Process for Custom Three-Dimensional Printing (3DP) Material Systems (2010)

The development of a new material system for three-dimensional printing (3DP) can be difficult without experience in the field, since the flexibility of the 3DP process implies a large number of material and processing parameters. This paper presents a detailed explanation of the steps involved in developing specific implementations of 3DP, along with tools and insight for each step. This material system development procedure should provide a clear understanding of the 3DP process steps and development decisions to help the user take advantage of the considerable flexibility of 3DP and expedite a new system development. The paper concludes with a demonstration of how the guidance provided is applied in the development of fully dense ceramic dental copings; a research problem uniquely suited to the flexibility of 3DP.
Experimental Study of Turbulent Flow Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop in a Plate Heat Exchanger With Chevron Plates (1999)

Experimental heat transfer and isothermal pressure drop data for single-phase water flows in a plate heat exchanger (PHE) with chevron plates are presented. In a single-pass U-type counterflow PHE, three different chevron plate arrangements are considered: two symmetric plate arrangements with β = 30 deg/30 deg and 60 deg/60 deg, and one mixed-plate arrangement with β = 30 deg/60 deg. For water (2 &lt; Pr &lt; 6) flow rates in the 600 &lt; Re &lt; 104 regime, data for Nu and f are presented. The results show significant effects of both the chevron angle β and surface area enlargement factor φ. As β increases, and compared to a flat-plate pack, up to two to five times higher Nu are obtained; the concomitant f, however, are 13 to 44 times higher. Increasing φ also has a similar, though smaller effect. Based on experimental data for Re a 7000 and 30 deg ≤ β ≤ 60 deg, predictive correlations of the form Nu = C1,(β) D1(φ) Rep1(β)Pr1/3(μ/μw)0.14 and f = C2(β) D2(φ) Rep2(β) are devised. Finally, at constant pumping power, and depending upon Re, β, and φ, the heat transfer is found to be enhanced by up to 2.8 times that in an equivalent flat-plate channel.
Shock timing on the National Ignition Facility: First Experiments (2011)

\nAn experimental campaign to tune the initial shock compression sequence of capsule implosions on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) was initiated in late 2010. The experiments use a NIF ignition-scale hohlraum and capsule that employs a re-entrant cone to provide optical access to the shocks as they propagate in the liquid deuterium-filled capsule interior. The strength and timing of the shock sequence is diagnosed with velocity interferometry that provides target performance data used to set the pulse shape for ignition capsule implosions that follow. From the start, these measurements yielded significant new information on target performance, leading to improvements in the target design. We describe the results and interpretation of the initial tuning experiments.\n
Electronic Warfare Target Location Methods (2005)

Introduction to Emitter Geolocation -Introduction. Gradient Descent Algorithm. Concluding Remarks. Triangulation -Introduction. Basic Concepts. Least-Squares Error Estimation. Total Least-Squares Estimation. Least-Squares Distance Error PF Algorithm. Minimum Mean-Squares Error Estimation. The Discrete Probability Density Method. Generalized Bearings. Maximum Likelihood PF Algorithm. Multiple Sample Correlation. Bearing-Only Target Motion Analysis. Sources of Error in Triangulation. Concluding Remarks. DF Techniques -Introduction. Array Processing Direction of Arrival Measurement Methods. Other Methods of Estimating the AOA. MSE Phase Interferometer. DF with a Butler Matrix. Phase Difference Estimation Using SAW Devices. Concluding Remarks. MUSIC -Introduction. MUSIC Overview. MUSIC. Performance of MUSIC in the Presence of Modeling Errors. Determining the Number of Wavefields. Effect of Phase Errors on the Accuracy of MUSIC. Other Superresolution Algorithms. Concluding Remarks. Quadratic Position-Fixing Methods -Introduction. TDOA Position-Fixing Techniques. Differential Doppler. Range Difference Methods. Concluding Remarks. Time Delay Estimation -Introduction. System Overview. Cross Correlation. Generalized Cross-Correlation. Estimating the Time Delay with the Generalized Correlation Method. Time Delay Estimation Using the Phase of the Cross-Spectral Density. Effects of Frequency and Phase Errors in EW TDOA Direction-Finding Systems. Concluding Remarks. Single-Site Location Techniques -Introduction. HF Signal Propagation. Single-Site Location. Passive SSL. Determining the Reflection Delay with the Cepstrum. MUSIC Cepstrum SSL. Earth Curvature. Skywave DF Errors. Ray Tracing. Accuracy Comparison of SSL and Triangulation for Ionospherically Propagated Signals. Concluding Remarks.
CURIE TEMPERATURE AND BAND STRUCTURE OF METALLIC FERROMAGNETS (1995)

A soft-spin Heisenberg model is used to investigate the Curie temperature of elementary iron and iron-rich intermetallics such as Sm2Fe17. In the localized limit the mean-field solution of the classical Heisenberg model is reproduced, while quasi-localized perturbation theory accounts for band-structure effects. An extrapolation of this quasi-localized approach yields physically reasonable results, which makes it possible to interpolate between the delocalized band-structure and localized Heisenberg limits. Using Stoner-type magnetic energies derived from paramagnetic band-structure calculations it is argued that the comparatively low Curie temperature of iron-rich rare-earth intermetallics such as R2Fe17 originates from their quasi-weak ferromagnetism. Upon interstitial modification, these materials leave the quasi-weak limit and become nearly strong ferromagnets with enhanced Curie temperature.
Pseudo-accommodation With Intraocular Lenses Implanted in the Bag (2002)

Patients who had uncomplicated small incision phacoemulsification surgery with continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and in-the-bag implanted lens seemed to preserve some pseudo-accommodation after surgery.
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS OF THE VIBRATION MACHINE WITH ELECTRODYNAMIC ACTUATOR OF VIBRATIONS POWERED FROM A VOLTAGE SOURCE (2020)

Аннотация. Приведены результаты анализа динамических свойств вибрационной технологической машины с электродинамическим возбудителем колебаний при ее питании