gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Concerning Cyclodialysis and Hypotony (1962)

Since 1905, when Heine described his<i>neue glaucomoperation</i>,<sup>14</sup>cyclodialysis, this unique procedure has excited continuing interest. After a discussion concerning cyclodialysis and 1 of its complications, hypotony, we shall report on a case of long-standing postoperative hypotony (6 years) and the noteworthy result of therapy. The mode of action of cyclodialysis has been diligently sought. It was Heine's contention that his operation created a pathway through which aqueous could reach the suprachoroidal space, where it would be absorbed. Elschnig<sup>10</sup>and then Barkan<sup>3</sup>histologically demonstrated the presence of this surgically created pathway or cleft in the successfully cyclodialyzed eye. Some investigators<sup>16,19</sup>believe that cyclodialysis promotes the escape of aqueous through the usual exit channels either by facilitating access to, or egress from, the canal of Schlemm. By photographing the aqueous veins before and after transcorneal cyclodialysis, an admittedly crude technique, Saeteren and Thomassen<sup>20</sup>concluded that aqueous
The Shocking Catfish of the Nile (2011)

Abstract The earliest records showing or describing electric fish come from ancient Egypt. They depict what Humboldt called “the electric catfish of the Nile”—a smooth-skinned fish with a head which is as long as it is high, tiny eyes, an adipose dorsal fin without rays, and a round snout with three pairs of whiskers. This fish, the Malapterurus electricus of the scientific literature, is usually gray or brown with some bluish tinting and black blotches on its back, and with red, orange, and yellow markings on its ventral fins. Still encountered along the Nile by modern fishermen, it can grow over to a size of two feet (about sixty centimeters) in length. This chapter examines illustrations of these fish, associated with tombs of powerful early Egyptians.
OS6-8 Development of crack measuring technology to be applied to pipe weld for boiler facility (part 1) (2006)

Regarding to saving maintenance cost and extending the remain life of boiler facilities, if the amount of damages can be evaluated quantitatively in the early stage by Nondestructive inspection, the facilities can be operated without any unnecessary repair. To make this come true, the facilities should be checked, evaluated, and made the quantitative analysis data on the damages like crack etc. in the early stage. As the first stage of this development of crack measuring technology on steam pipe using the phased array UT technique, We performed measuring and quantitative analysis of test pieces having EDM slits.
A CMOS-Based ISFET Chemical Imager With Auto-Calibration Capability (2011)

This paper presents a novel auto-calibration technique for eliminating sensor mismatch in CMOS-based chemical imagers. Designed using an 8 × 8 array comprising of pH-sensitive ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs), the chemical imager is capable of implementing a gradient-based calibration algorithm by biasing programmable-gate (PG) ISFETs at a common operating point when exposed to a solution of homogenous pH. The system was fabricated in a typical 0.35-μm CMOS technology and demonstrated a fast rate of convergence (500 ms per iteration) while a convergence accuracy of 45 mV on a gain of 10 (0.5% relative standard error and 2% pixel-to-pixel variation) was achieved. A maximum pH sensitivity of 57 mV/pH is also reported.
Sulfonylamide‐Based Ionic Liquids for High‐Voltage Potassium‐Ion Batteries with Honeycomb Layered Cathode Oxides (2019)

Abstract The world is at the cusp of a new era where pivotal importance is being attached to the development of sustainable and high‐performance energy storage systems. Potassium‐ion batteries are deemed not only cheap battery candidates, but also as the penultimate high‐voltage energy storage systems within monovalent‐cation chemistries. However, their performance and sustainability are undermined by the lack of suitable electrolytes for high‐voltage operation, particularly owing to the limited availability of cathode materials. Here, the potential of ionic liquids based on potassium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (KTFSA) as high‐voltage electrolytes is presented by assessing their physicochemical properties along with the electrochemical properties upon coupling with new high‐voltage layered cathode materials. These ionic liquids demonstrate a wide electrochemical window (around 6.0 V), making them feasible and safe electrolytes for the high‐voltage potassium‐ion battery configuration. This is proven by matching this electrolyte with new high‐voltage layered cathode compositions, demonstrating stable electrochemical performance. The present findings of electrochemically stable ionic liquids based on potassium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide will bolster further advancement of high‐performance cathode materials, whose performance at high‐voltage regimes were apparently restricted by the paucity of suitable and compatible electrolytes.
Design Methodology for Human Symbiotic Machines Based on the Description of User’s Mental Model (2013)

This research establishes a methodology for designing human symbiotic machines. In our proposal, the mental model of a user is described by a user model diagram as an extended version of the well-known System Modeling Language (SysML). The user model diagram originated in the state machine diagram and the activity diagram of SysML. Concretely, the behavior of a machine observed by a user (user model), is drawn as a parallel to the actual behavior of a machine (system model). The user model diagram can visualize the physical processes required to use the machine and can reveal any inconsistencies between user and system models. We have selected a non-industrial stacker crane, which stores and retrieves containers through human manual operation, as an application target of the proposed design methodology. To make the stacker crane interface more user-friendly, several design plans are proposed and discussed together with descriptions of user model diagrams. To evaluate the relationship between diagrams and actual performance, prototypes of interfaces are developed, and usability tests are conducted. Results of usability tests indicate that the user model diagram is a good design tool for estimating the basic usability of a human symbiotic machine.
Modeling the toxicity of copper and zinc salts to wheat in 14 soils (2008)

Interest is mounting in developing and utilizing soil-specific soil quality guidelines. This requires quantifying the effects that soil physicochemical properties have on various ecotoxicological endpoints, including phytotoxicity. To this end, 14 agricultural soils from Australia with differing soil properties were spiked with copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) salts and used to conduct 21-d plant growth inhibition tests using wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in pot trials. The toxicity of Cu and Zn was similar with 10% effect concentration (EC10) values ranging from 110 to 945 and from 235 to 965 mg/kg, respectively, while the corresponding median effect concentration (EC50) values ranged from 240 to 1,405 and 470 to 1,745 mg/kg, respectively. Copper toxicity values (EC10, EC20, and EC50) were best modeled by the logarithm of cation exchange capacity (CEC) and either soil pH or electrical conductivity. Zinc EC50 and EC20 values were best modeled using the logarithm of CEC, while the EC10 data were best modeled using soil pH and the logarithm of organic carbon. These models generally estimated toxicity within a factor of two of the measured values.
Improved resolution in Bayesian lithology/fluid inversion from prestack seismic data and well observations: Part 2 — Real case study (2010)

Abstract We have performed lithology/fluid inversion based on prestack seismic data and well observations from a gas reservoir offshore Norway. The prior profile Markov random field model captures horizontal continuity and vertical sequencing of the lithology/fluid variables. The prior model is also locally adjusted for spatially varying lithology/fluid proportions. The likelihood model is inferred from basic seismic theory and observations in wells. An approximate posterior model is defined, which can be simulated from by an extremely computer-efficient algorithm. The lithology/fluid inversion results are compared to manual interpretations and evaluated by cross validation in one well. Moreover, inversions based on simplified prior models are developed for comparative reasons. Both lithology/fluid realizations and predictions look geologically reasonable. The results seem to reflect general reservoir experience and information provided by the prestack seismic data and well observations. The lithology/fluid proportions appear as geologically plausible and thin elongated lithology/fluid units are identified. The study is made in a 2D cross section, but extension to a full 3D setting is feasible.
Incidence Rates of Ischemic Stroke in Diabetics: Preliminary Race-Specific Results from the Greater Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky Stroke Study (2000)

P146 Intro: The Greater Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky Stroke Study provides epidemiologic data regarding stroke in blacks and whites. We present the incidence rates of ischemic stroke in diabetics. Methods: All strokes occurring between 1/1/93–12/31/93 for blacks and 7/1/93–12/31/93 for whites were identified by suveillance of ICD-9 discharge codes from hospitals (430–438, 1 o or 2 o ), coroner’s records, and surveillance of outpatient settings previously described (Stroke 31; 280, 2000) . Patient-medical encounters for all possible strokes/TIAs were reviewed and abstracted by a study nurse who determined diagnosis and stroke subtype using strict criteria (agreement with study physicians=87%, κ=0.71 on records completed by MD’s to date). For calculating incidence rates, the numerator consisted of cases determined to be a stroke by the study nurse. The denominator was calculated using self-reported age and gender specific rates of diabetes obtained from a 1995 random-digit dialing survey of 1850 study area residents proportionate to the stroke population (JAMA 279:1288–1292;1998 ). Reported incidence rates are adjusted to the 1990 US population. Conclusion: A preliminary analysis of our population-based study data reveals that diabetics have approximately a three-fold higher incidence of stroke as compared to non-diabetics, with slightly higher relative risk for whites. Diabetes is thus an important risk factor for ischemic stroke in both races although the prevelance of diabetes is higher in blacks.
Affective Conversational Agents (2011)

In this chapter, we revisit the main theories of human emotion and personality and their implications for the development of affective conversational agents. We focus on the role that emotion plays for adapting the agents’ behaviour and how this emotional responsivity can be conveniently modified by rendering a consistent artificial personality. The multiple applications of affective CAs are addressed by describing recent experiences in domains such as pedagogy, computer games, and computer-mediated therapy.
The supply of continence aids and products: navigating the choices (2004)

While promotion of continence is the aim for all professionals working with those suffering from incontinence there are a number of individuals for whom, despite active intervention and the provision of appropriate aids, the complete resolution of incontinence is not possible. For these individuals the provision of appropriate appliances and containment products is the next step. This article gives an overview of the range of products available and makes suggestions regarding suitability and usage. The number and different types of products and appliances available can be very confusing so it is important that nurses keep themselves up to date; there is no single product suitable for everyone. The key to finding the correct product is an holistic assessment that takes into account not only the underlying problems but also the individual’s needs, life style and preferences. It must also be remembered that an individual’s needs can change and that assessment should be a continuous process in order to ensure products are used appropriately and the individual’s needs are continuously met.
Immediate Preoperative Injection of 99m-Tc Sulfur Colloid Is Effective in the Detection of Breast Sentinel Lymph Nodes (2002)

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is an accurate technique to determine the metastatic status of lymph nodes. Radionuclide guidance makes the procedure easier and improves the success rate. Coordinating the operating room and nuclear medicine schedules causes delays when same-day radionuclide injection is used. We hypothesized that injection of 99m-Tc sulfur colloid immediately preoperatively is effective in SLN detection. We analyzed a prospective database of 70 patients treated at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center. The first 39 patients underwent completion axillary dissection (Group A) and subdermal injection of sulfur colloid immediately before surgery. A second group of 31 patients (Group B) had intraparenchymal injection immediately before surgery. We used isosulfan blue in all cases. SLNs were identified in 97 per cent of cases. SLNs were radioactive in 94 per cent and blue in 90 per cent. In Group A the accuracy and the positive and negative predictive values of SLN biopsy were 100 per cent. SLN counts per second ranged from 22 to 1700. The mean count per second was 290 +/- 281 (mean +/- standard deviation). Subdermal and intraparenchymal injections were equally successful (93% vs 92%). In conclusion injection of radiocolloid and isosulfan blue immediately preoperatively is highly successful and accurate in the detection of SLNs in breast cancer. It avoids operating room schedule delays.
Nonlinear dynamical system modeling viarecurrent neural networks and a weighted state space search algorithm (2011)

Given a task of tracking a trajectory, a recurrent neural network may be consideredas a black-box nonlinear regression model for tracking unknowndynamic systems. An error function is used to measure the differencebetween the system outputs and the desired trajectory thatformulates a nonlinear least square problem with dynamicalconstraints. With the dynamical constraints, classical gradient typemethods are difficult and time consuming due to the involving of thecomputation of the partial derivatives along the trajectory. Wedevelop an alternative learning algorithm, namely the weighted statespace search algorithm, which searches the neighborhood of thetarget trajectory in the state space instead of the parameter space.Since there is no computation of partial derivatives involved, ouralgorithm is simple and fast. We demonstrate our approach bymodeling the short-term foreign exchange rates. The empiricalresults show that the weighted state space search method is verypromising and effective in solving least square problems withdynamical constraints. Numerical costs between the gradient methodand our the proposed method are provided.
Del realce tardío al T1 mapping. ¿Qué queda para nuestra clínica? (2019)

La fibrosis miocárdica es un proceso patológico común a la mayoría de enfermedades cardiacas. Sin embargo, la afectación miocárdica resultante puede presentarse bajo formas muy distintas dependiendo de su etiología. La caracterización tisular de la fibrosis miocárdica y sus padrones de distribución pueden ser explorados de forma complementaria mediante las secuencias de realce tardío de gadolinio y de T1 mapping. En esta revisión, describiremos la evidencia actual del estado de estas técnicas de imagen y describiremos sus aplicaciones clínicas más destacadas.
Non-repudiation evidence generation for CORBA using XML (2003)

Focuses on the provision of a non-repudiation service for CORBA. The current OMG specification of a CORBA non-repudiation service forces the programmer to augment the application with calls to functions for generating or validating evidence. Furthermore, the application itself has to manage the exchange of this evidence between parties and its storage. The paper describes our design for a generic CORBA non-repudiation service implementation. Our approach provides a separation between the application business logic and the generation of evidence, allowing non-repudiation support to be incorporated into applications with the minimum of programmer effort. Our design is described in this paper using the example of ordering goods over the Internet. The non-repudiation service provides the parties with evidence proving that the transaction has taken place. This proof is a XML document based on the proposed IETF Internet standard "Digital Signatures for XML".
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES OF β‐LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS. 1. STRUCTURE‐ACTIVITY RELATIONS OF SODIUM 7β‐((Z)‐2‐(2‐AMINO‐4‐THIAZOLYL)‐2‐(METHOXYIMINO)ACETAMIDO)‐3‐CEPHEM‐4‐CARB# OXYLATE (CEFTIZOXIME) AND ITS RELATED COMPOUNDS (1981)

Abstract Es werden die Synthese und die in‐vitro‐Baktericidwirksamkeit einer neuen Gruppe von Breitband‐Cephalosporin‐ Antibiotica (I) mit erhöhter Stabilität gegen β‐Lactamasen beschrieben.
Update on the role of eslicarbazepine acetate in the treatment of partial-onset epilepsy (2016)

Eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) is a once daily new third generation antiepileptic drug that shares the basic chemical structure of carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine - a dibenzazepine nucleus with the 5-carboxamide substituent, but is structurally different at the 10,11-position. ESL is a pro-drug metabolized to its major active metabolite eslicarbazepine. Despite the fact that the exact mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated, it is thought to involve inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC). ESL inhibits sodium currents in a voltage-dependent way by an interaction predominantly with the inactivated state of the VGSC, thus selectively reducing the activity of rapidly firing (epileptic) neurons. ESL reduces VGSC availability through enhancement of slow inactivation. In Phase III studies, adjunctive therapy with ESL 800 or 1,200 mg/day leads to a significant decrease in the seizure frequency in adults with refractory partial onset epilepsy. Based on these results, ESL has been approved in Europe (by the European Medicines Agency) and in the United States (by the US Food and Drug Administration) as add-on therapy. Data on efficacy and safety have been confirmed by 1-year extension and real life observational studies. Recently, based on results from two randomized, double-blind, historical control Phase III trials, ESL received US Food and Drug Administration approval also as a monotherapy for patients with partial onset epilepsy. In the pediatric setting, encouraging results have been obtained suggesting its potential role in the management of epileptic children. Overall ESL was generally well tolerated. The most common adverse events were dizziness, somnolence, headache, nausea, diplopia, and vomiting. Adverse events can be minimized by appropriate titration. In conclusion, ESL seems to overcome some drawbacks of the previous antiepileptic drugs, suggesting a major role of ESL in the management of focal onset epilepsy for both new onset and refractory cases, either as monotherapy or as adjunctive treatment.
Tropolone (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTropoloneW. von E. Doering and Lawrence H. KnoxCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 2, 828–838Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1951https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01146a101Request reuse permissionsArticle Views923Altmetric-Citations108LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Relation between Perceived Need for Mental Health Treatment, DSM Diagnosis, and Quality of Life: A Canadian Population-Based Survey (2005)

Self-perceived need for mental health treatment, in addition to DSM diagnosis, may provide valuable information for estimating the number of people in the population who need mental health services. The relation between self-perceived need for treatment and objective measures of treatment need requires future study.
Evidence Theory Based Cooperative Energy Detection under Noise Uncertainty (2017)

Noise power uncertainty is a major issue in energy-based spectrum sensors. Any uncertainty in the noise power leads to significant reduction in the detection performance of the energy detector and also results in a performance limitation in the form of SNR walls. In this paper, we propose an evidence theory (also called Dempster-Shafer theory (DST)) based cooperative energy detection (CED) for spectrum sensing. The noise variance is modeled as a random variable with a known distribution. The analyzed system model is similar to a distributed parallel detection network where each secondary user (SU) evaluates the energy from its received signal samples and sends it to a fusion center (FC), which makes the final decision. However, in the proposed DST-based method, the SUs sends computed belief-values instead of actual energy value to the FC. The uncertainty in the noise variance is accounted for by discounting the belief values based on the amount of uncertainty associated with each SU. Finally, the discounted belief values are combined using Dempster rule to reach at a global decision. Simulation results indicate that the proposed DST scheme significantly improves the detection probability under low average signal-to-noise ratio(ASNR) compared to the traditional sum fusion rule in the presence of noise uncertainty.
Chromatic dispersion monitoring and automated compensation for NRZ and RZ data using clock regeneration and fading without adding signaling (2002)

We show that the clock signal can be extracted from both NRZ and RZ data, and that this extracted signal power represents the total accumulated dispersion. We also demonstrate dynamic dispersion compensation at 10 Gbit/s using the extracted power as a control signal.