gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An MOCVD Approach to High‐k Praseodymium‐Based Films (2006)

Abstract New high‐ k dielectric thin films have become of increasing interest over the last few years in the search for an alternative material to SiO 2 gate insulators in MOS devices. Lanthanide oxides have been studied as potential candidates for SiO 2 replacement. In this review, a description of the different CVD approaches to fabricating praseodymium oxide and silicate films with dielectric properties is presented. In particular, thermally activated and liquid‐injection metal‐organic (MO) CVD as well as atomic layer deposition (ALD), developed in recent years, are discussed. Examples highlighting the importance of different praseodymium precursors on the deposited phases are given. Special emphasis is placed upon deposition parameters crucial to obtain Pr 2 O 3 films and upon interfacial characterization. In addition, dielectric properties have been correlated to structural and compositional characteristics of praseodymium‐containing films.
Successful treatment of retinoic acid syndrome with high‐dose dexamethasone pulse therapy in a child with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with ATRA (1995)

A 5 year old female developed femoral pain, fever, and hemorrhagic tendency. She was diagnosed as having acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Approximately 2 weeks after the administration of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), she developed a high fever, edema, and respiratory distress which met the criteria for retinoic acid syndrome. At first, we tried to treat the patient with oral corticosteroid, however, this approach was unsuccessful. Considering the worsening of her condition, we then chose to administer a large dose of intravenous dexamethasone therapy for 3 days. Immediately after this therapy, she became afebrile, respiratory distress and edema disappeared, and there was a general improvement of the symptoms. All-trans retinoic acid at the reduced dose of 25 mg/m2, was continued for an additional 6 weeks and then discontinued. Since the cessation of dexamethasone and ATRA, there has been no relapse of APL in this patient. Although based on only one case, we recommend the intravenous high-dose dexamethasone pulse therapy (13 mg/m2 per day, for 3 days) for treating retinoic acid syndrome which develops in pediatric APL patients treated with ATRA.
Active Q switching and mode locking in a 153-μm fiber ring laser with saturable absorption in erbium-doped fiber at 42 K (1993)

The active Q switching and mode locking of an erbium-doped fiber ring laser with an erbium-doped fiber cooled to 4.2 K have been investigated. Curious Q-switched pulses were observed that were caused by mode beats between the longitudinal modes and the saturable absorption effect in the 4.2-K erbium-doped fiber. Stable cw mode locking was observed with a pump power of 250 mW to a room-temperature erbium-doped fiber amplifier, and the pulse width was 9–30 ns, which is broader than the dipole relaxation time T2.
Characterization of a Thermodynamic Reference Electrode for Molten LiF-BeF2(FLiBe) (2017)

2LiF-BeF2 (FLiBe) is proposed as coolant for advanced nuclear fission and fusion reactors designs. Electrochemical techniques can be used to answer important research questions about the chemistry, mass transport, and corrosion behavior of FLiBe. The use of electrochemical techniques is predicated upon a thermodynamic reference electrode (RE) for FLiBe. This paper reports the design and characterization of a RE for FLiBe based on the Ni/Ni(II) redox couple, a boron nitride body, and a LaF3 ionic membrane. This electrode, tested in the range of 500°C–600°C shows stability of +/−1 mV for ten hours, good polarizability behavior, and Nernstian behavior. This data is comparable to other RE data reported for other fluoride salt mixtures. This paper also shows that beyond ten hours the RE potential drifts and there is evidence of Ni(II) depletion from the RE. We discuss some of the mechanisms that may cause this drift.
A Distributionally Robust Approach for Transmission and Energy Storage Capacity Planning in a Remote Photovoltaic Power Plant (2020)

Photovoltaic (PV) power plants have developed rapidly in the past decade. In China, solar resources are abundant in the west, which is far away from the load center. The PV power plant there has to be connected to the power grid by a long transmission line. To further reduce the impact of its volatility on the power grid, energy storage can be built inside the PV power plant and the capacity requirement of the transmission line decreases. This paper proposes a method that jointly plans the capacity of the transmission and energy storage for a remote PV power plant. Since the historical data of the solar source may not be accurate enough, the distributionally robust optimization (DRO) technique based on Kullback-Leibler divergence (KL-divergence) is adopted, so that the difference between the empirical distribution and the real distribution is considered. Then a tractable form is derived, which comes down to linear programming. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown through a test case of a 200MW PV power plant.
Microbial Recovery from Genetically Featherless Broiler Carcasses after Forced Cloacal Fecal Expulsion (2008)

A study was conducted to determine external microbiology of genetically featherless broiler carcasses after forced cloacal fecal expulsion. Full-fed featherless broilers were placed into coops, transported, unloaded, shackled, stunned, suffocated, weighed, and divided into 3 treatments groups. Carcasses were transferred to a separate shackle line and passed through a machine designed to induce defecation (squeeze) and then remove external feces (wash). Treatments were obtained by turning the squeezing and washing components on or off. Treatments were as follows: S carcasses were squeezed but not washed; W carcasses were not squeezed but were washed; and SW carcasses were squeezed and washed. Concentrations of total aerobic microorganisms (AB), Escherichia coli (EC), coliforms (CF), and Campylobacter (CPY) recovered from whole carcass rinses did not vary with treatment (P > 0.05). However, counts of Salmonella (SAL) in rinses of S carcasses were 1.4 log(10) cfu/mL greater than counts of SAL found in rinses of SW carcasses (P < 0.05). The SAL prevalence was similar for S (86% positive), W (90% positive), and SW (83% positive) carcasses (P > 0.05). Populations of AB and CF recovered from wash water (water applied in the machine after fecal expulsion) for SW carcasses were significantly higher by 3.1 and 1.5 log(10) cfu/mL, respectively, than the populations of the same bacteria recovered from wash water for W carcasses (P < 0.05). Levels of EC and CPY recovered from wash water did not vary with treatment. There was no difference in CPY and SAL prevalence in water collected after washing W carcasses or SW carcasses (P > 0.05). Data from the present study show that controlled cloacal fecal expulsion followed by carcass washing immediately after slaughter can be used to minimize the numbers of carcass Salmonella and can reduce the likelihood of visible carcass fecal contamination or cross-contamination to other carcasses and processing equipment.
[Expressions and correlation with radiotherapy's effect of five kinds of genes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma]. (2006)

These findings indicated that to detect the expressions of CD44H and VEGF gene may predict short-term effect of radiotherapy. Furthermore, to detect the expressions of CD44H and nm23H1 gene may predict long-term effect of radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Model-Based Iterative Reconstruction Versus Adaptive Statistical Iterative Reconstruction and Filtered Back Projection in Liver 64-MDCT: Focal Lesion Detection, Lesion Conspicuity, and Image Noise (2013)

In routine-dose clinical CT of the liver, MBIR resulted in comparable lesion detection, lesion characterization, and subjective lesion conspicuity, but significantly lower background noise and higher contrast-to-noise ratio compared with ASIR or FBP. This finding suggests that further investigation of the use of MBIR to enable dose reduction in liver CT is warranted.
Maturation‐dependent Modulation of Apoptosis in Cultured Cerebellar Granule Neurons by Cytokines and Neurotrophins (1996)

Immature cerebellar granule neurons die by apoptosis within 1 week in vitro unless maintained in depolarizing (high) concentrations of potassium (25 mM K+). Neurons allowed to survive and differentiate in high K+ medium for several days in vitro are still induced to undergo apoptosis when switched back to physiological (low) concentrations of K+ (5 mM). Here we have investigated the effects of various cytokines and growth factors in these two well-defined paradigms of neuronal apoptosis. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha, leukaemia inhibitory factor, ciliary neurotrophic factor, interleukin-10 and interleukin-13 delayed apoptosis and prolonged survival of cerebellar granule neurons maintained in low K+ medium. The effect observed required continuous exposure of the cultures to the cytokines and appeared not to involve modulation of Bcl-2 protein expression. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor accelerated neuronal death in low K+ medium. In contrast, when apoptosis of the neurons was precipitated by switching mature high K+ neurons to low K+ medium, neither tumour necrosis factor-alpha, leukaemia inhibitory factor, ciliary neurotrophic factor, interleukin-10 nor interleukin-13 prevented apoptosis. When testing the cytokines and growth factors for their capacity to alter N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated excitotoxicity of differentiated cerebellar granule neurons, no significant effect was observed. These data appear to define a maturation-dependent modulation of cerebellar granule cell survival by cytokines and neurotrophic factors that are expressed in a developmental pattern in the mammalian brain.
Preparation and Comparison of Supported Gold Nanocatalysts on Anatase, Brookite, Rutile, and P25 Polymorphs of TiO2 for Catalytic Oxidation of CO (2005)

Nanosized anatase (≤10 nm), rutile (≤10 nm), and brookite (∼70 nm) titania particles have been successfully synthesized via sonication and hydrothermal methods. Gold was deposited with high dispersion onto the surfaces of anatase, rutile, brookite, and commercial titania (P25) supports through a deposition−precipitation (D−P) process. All catalysts were exposed to an identical sequence of treatment and measurements of catalytic CO oxidation activity. The as-synthesized catalysts have high activity with concomitant Au reduction upon exposure to the reactant stream. Mild reduction at 423 K produces comparably high activity catalysts for every support. Deactivation of the four catalysts was observed following a sequence of treatments at temperatures up to 573 K. The brookite-supported gold catalyst sustains the highest catalytic activity after all treatments. XRD and TEM results indicate that the gold particles supported on brookite are smaller than those on the other supports following the reaction and pretreatment sequences.
ChemInform Abstract: Study of the DNA Interaction with Water‐Soluble Cationic Fullerene Derivatives. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Various tomato cultivars display contrasted morphological and molecular responses to a heat wave (2022)

Summary Climate change is one of the biggest threats that human society currently needs to face. Heat waves associated with global warming negatively affect plant growth and development and will increase in frequency. Tomato is one of the most produced and consumed fruit in the world but remarkable yield losses occur every year due to the sensitivity of many cultivars to heat stress. New insights into how tomato plants are responding to heat waves will contribute to the development of new cultivars with high yields under harsh temperature conditions. In this study, the analysis of microsporogenesis and pollen germination rate of eleven tomato cultivars after exposure to a simulated heat wave revealed differences between genotypes. The transcriptome of floral buds at two developmental stages of five cultivars selected based on their pollen germination tolerance or sensitivity, revealed common and specific molecular responses implemented by tomato cultivars to cope with heat waves. These data provide valuable insights into the underlying molecular adaptation of floral buds to heat stress and will contribute to the development of future climate resilient tomato varieties.
Resonance radiation plasma (photoresonance plasma) (1988)

A plasma formed by the action on a gas of monochromatic radiation whose frequency corresponds to the energy of a resonance transition in the atom is studied. The elementary methods of creating and studying a plasma of this type are analyzed. The kinetics of formation of a photoresonance plasma is studied, including collision processes with participation of excited atoms leading to formation of molecular ions and highly excited atoms, processes of stepwise ionization and triple recombination, and radiative processes. A photoresonance plasma is characterized by a high electron density with a relatively low electron temperature; for this reason the condition of ideality is more easily violated in a plasma of this type. Some ways of utilizing a photoresonance plasma are presented.
Pattern-matching and text-compression algorithms (1996)

article Free Access Share on Pattern-matching and text-compression algorithms Authors: Maxime Crochemore Gaspard Monge Institute, University of Marne-la-Vallée, France Gaspard Monge Institute, University of Marne-la-Vallée, FranceView Profile , Thierry Lecroq Laboratoire d'Informatique de Rouen, University of Rouen, France Laboratoire d'Informatique de Rouen, University of Rouen, FranceView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Computing SurveysVolume 28Issue 1pp 39–41https://doi.org/10.1145/234313.234331Published:01 March 1996Publication History 20citation1,473DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations20Total Downloads1,473Last 12 Months81Last 6 weeks20 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
An Easy to Manufacture Micro Gas Preconcentrator for Chemical Sensing Applications (2017)

We have developed a simple-to-manufacture microfabricated gas preconcentrator for MEMS-based chemical sensing applications. Cavities and microfluidic channels were created using a wet etch process with hydrofluoric acid, portions of which can be performed outside of a cleanroom, instead of the more common deep reactive ion etch process. The integrated heater and resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) were created with a photolithography-free technique enabled by laser etching. With only 28 V DC (0.1 A), a maximum heating rate of 17.6 °C/s was observed. Adsorption and desorption flow parameters were optimized to be 90 SCCM and 25 SCCM, respectively, for a multicomponent gas mixture. Under testing conditions using Tenax TA sorbent, the device was capable of measuring analytes down to 22 ppb with only a 2 min sample loading time using a gas chromatograph with a flame ionization detector. Two separate devices were compared by measuring the same chemical mixture; both devices yielded similar peak areas and widths (fwhm: 0.032-0.033 min), suggesting reproducibility between devices.
Exploiting of optical transforms for bacteria evaluation in vitro (2009)

A novel method for evaluation of bacteria colonies concentration based on optical spectra examination, is proposed. The influence of bacteria colonies number on Fourier spectrum properties is considered in term of scalar diffraction theory and corresponding theoretical model is presented. Computational simulations are performed to confirm the theoretical predictions. Additionally, optical Mellin transform is used to omit the dependence of Fourier spectrum pattern on bacteria colonies size fluctuations and to provide a scale-invariant analysis. Presented results have shown high potential of the proposed approach for comparative study of bacteria colonies grown on solid medium in vitro.
Chebyshev orthogonal collocation technique to solve transport phenomena problems with Matlab® and Mathematica (2014)

ABSTRACT We present in this pedagogical paper an alternative numerical method for the resolution of transport phenomena problems encountered in the teaching of the required course on transport phenomena in the graduate chemical engineering curricula. Based on the Chebyshev orthogonal collocation technique implemented in Matlab® and Mathematica © , we show how different rather complicated transport phenomena problems involving partial differential equations and split boundary value problems can now readily be mastered. A description of several sample problems and the resolution methodology is discussed in this paper. The objective of the incorporation of this approach is to develop the numerical skills of the graduate students at King Fahd University of Petroleum &amp; Minerals (KFUPM) and to broaden the extent of transport‐phenomena problems that can be addressed in the course. We noted with satisfaction that the students successfully adopted this numerical technique for the resolution of problems assigned as term projects. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 23:422–431, 2015; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae ; DOI 10.1002/cae.21612
Automated Design of a High-Power High-Frequency LCC Resonant Converter for Electrostatic Precipitators (2012)

This work presents an automated design procedure for series parallel resonant converters (LCC) employed in electrostatic precipitator (ESP) power supplies, which reduces the designer effort significantly. The requirements for the power supplies in ESP applications and means to derive an accurate mathematical model of the LCC converter, such as the power loss from commercial insulated-gate bipolar transistors, are described in detail in this paper. The converter parameters, such as resonant tank elements, are selected in order to improve the overall efficiency of the system, when a typical ESP energization operation range is considered. The analysis comprises two different control strategies: the conventional variable frequency control and the dual control. Both control strategies are analyzed by comparing semiconductor losses of five commercial modules. Finally, the circuit operation and design are verified with a 60 kW LCC resonant converter test setup.
Identification of limiting factors for the optimum growth of Fusarium oxysporum in liquid medium (2011)

Fusarium oxysporum is a highly ubiquitous species that infects a wide range of hosts causing various diseases such as vascular wilts, yellows, rots, and damping-off. Despite the immense economic significance of this phytopathogen, few workers have reported growth studies in this genus in submerged culture. In the present study, several parameters such as change in media pH, biomass, pattern of substrate utilization, viability of the fungal cells, and protein content were observed over a period of time. The fungal biomass increased at a slow rate for the initial 48 h and thereafter increased at an exponential rate. However, after about 8 days the rapid growth stabilized and the trend became more toward stationary phase. The concentration of glucose in the liquid media decreased rapidly up to the initial 4 days, followed by a slow decrease. The pH of the medium gradually decreased as the fungal growth progressed, the reduction being more pronounced in the initial 48 h. This study would be of immense importance for utilization of F. oxysporum for diverse applications because we can predict the growth pattern in the fungus and modulate its growth for human benefit.
Mutation of the IIB myosin heavy chain gene results in muscle fiber loss and compensatory hypertrophy (2001)

The fast skeletal IIb gene is the source of most myosin heavy chain (MyHC) in adult mouse skeletal muscle. We have examined the effects of a null mutation in the IIb MyHC gene on the growth and morphology of mouse skeletal muscle. Loss in muscle mass of several head and hindlimb muscles correlated with amounts of IIb MyHC expressed in that muscle in wild types. Decreased mass was accompanied by decreases in mean fiber number, and immunological and ultrastructural studies revealed fiber pathology. However, mean cross-sectional area was increased in all fiber types, suggesting compensatory hypertrophy. Loss of muscle and body mass was not attributable to impaired chewing, and decreased food intake as a softer diet did not prevent the decrease in body mass. Thus loss of the major MyHC isoform produces fiber loss and fiber pathology reminiscent of muscle disease.
Introducing MINA – The Molecularly Imprinted Nanoparticle Assay (2014)

A new ELISA- (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)-like assay is demonstrated in which no elements of biological origin are used for molecular recognition or signaling. Composite imprinted nanoparticles that contain a catalytic core and which are synthesized by using a solid-phase approach can simultaneously act as recognition/signaling elements, and be used with minimal modifications to standard assay protocols. This assay provides a new route towards replacement of unstable biomolecules in immunoassays.
TMU Japanese-English Multimodal Machine Translation System for WAT 2020 (2020)

We introduce our TMU system submitted to the JapaneseEnglish Multimodal Task (constrained) for WAT 2020 (Nakazawa et al., 2020).This task aims to improve translation performance with the help of another modality (images) associated with the input sentences.In a multimodal translation task, the dataset is, by its nature, a low-resource one.Our method used herein augments the data by generating noisy translations and adding noise to existing training images.Subsequently, we pretrain a translation model on the augmented noisy data, and then fine-tune it on the clean data.We also examine the probabilistic dropping of either the textual or visual context vector in the decoder.This aims to regularize the network to make use of both features while training.The experimental results indicate that translation performance can be improved using our method of textual data augmentation with noising on the target side and probabilistic dropping of either context vector.