gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Authorization Identity Request and Response Controls (2004)

This document extends the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) bind operation with a mechanism for requesting and returning the authorization identity it establishes. Specifically, this document defines the Authorization Identity Request and Response controls for use with the Bind operation.
Training a vowel contrast using visual articulatory feedback (2001)

The /i/–/I/ distinction can be difficult to make in speech for deaf, dysarthric, and many non-native English speakers. A computer program was designed that prompted speakers, with orthograpraphy, to produce a simple single syllable word containing either vowel and recorded the speakers response. The program provided feedback in one of two forms: either auditory (AF) or auditory and visual articulatory feedback (VAF). The auditory feedback was the actual and correct pronunciation of the word. VAF provided schematic representations of where the tongue was according the speaker’s actual production of the vowel in relation to where it would be placed for the best production of the target vowel. Articulatory representations were inferred automatically based on the measured formant frequencies of the speaker’s production. Four subjects who were particularly poor at making the vowel distinction were recruited to test VAF in a single subject case study design. After baseline scores for the vowel distinction were established in four sessions, each subject was given training using each of AF and VAF, with no words the same for each of the types of training. There was more improvement in the vowel distinction for the auditory and visual feedback compared to the auditory feedback alone.
Conception d’ouvrages côtiers verticaux en enrochements (2021)

Les ouvrages verticaux en enrochements sont des dispositifs innovants et alternatifs aux ouvrages de type caissons verticaux. Les blocs sont encagés par une structure métallique ou des pieux, le tout occupant une emprise réduite au sol. Ce type d’ouvrage offre de multiples avantages : impact faible en cours de travaux, possibilité de s’implanter à proximité des zones de vie marine sans impact significatif, perméabilité laissant circuler une partie des courants. Dans le cadre du réaménagement du port de Banyuls-sur-Mer, la construction d’un musoir en enrochements verticalisé de 20 m de diamètre permet d’améliorer significativement la qualité du bassin portuaire et de respecter les herbiers environnants. Un modèle numérique de diffraction 2D/3D aux équations intégrales a été développé de manière à évaluer, sans calcul lourd, différentes configurations d’ouvrages poreux, pouvant associer par exemple caissons Jarlan et enrochements. Des premiers essais en modèle réduit physique ont permis de confirmer le fonctionnent d’ouvrages poreux simples. Une seconde campagne expérimentale a permis de tester une première géométrie d’ouvrages innovants. Design of vertical rockfill breakwaters Vertical riprap structures are innovative and alternative systems to vertical caissons. The blocks are enclosed by a metal framework or drilled piles occupying a reduced ground footprint. This type of structure offers many advantages: low impact during construction, possibility of implanting near areas of marine life without significant impact, permeability for currents. As part of the redevelopment of the port of Banyuls-sur-Mer, the construction of a 20 m diameter verticalized rockfill breakwater significantly improves the quality of the harbor basin and respect the surrounding seagrass. An easy-use numerical model of 2D/3D diffraction with integral equations has been developed to test different configurations of structures, combining for example Jarlan caissons and rocks. Physical scale models have confirmed the functioning of simple porous structures. Keywords: Breakwater, Porous media, Jarlan caisson.
Distortion Filtering for Communications Localization Denial (2018)

We present a novel single-antenna technique that can be used to guarantee degradation of adversarial passive geolocation within the context of a tactical communications link. To wit, we establish localization performance measures based on large-error estimation bounds along with information theoretic constructs and show how these measures can be manipulated through application of linear distortion filtering to a communications signal. We formulate and solve using Genetic Algorithm an optimization that allows one to maximize this degradation while simultaneously maximizing attainable communications throughput and show how this represents an order of magnitude gain over conventional spread-spectrum LPD techniques.
Silicon nitride electro-optic modulators enabled by heterogeneous integration of barium titanate films (2023)

We demonstrate electro-optic modulators on a low-loss silicon nitride platform by heterogeneously integrating crystalline barium titanate membranes.
Quasi-breakdown of ultrathin gate oxide under high field stress (2002)

A new oxide failure mode of ultrathin gate oxide is reported. During high constant current stressing, V/sub G/ variation with time shows two distinct modes, i.e., a stable mode and a fluctuation mode named as quasi-breakdown. Once the quasi-breakdown starts, gate current in low field abruptly increases. From the experimental results, it could be concluded that the quasi-breakdown occurs when injected electrons travel in the oxide conduction band ballistically. Localized physical damage near the Si/SiO/sub 2/ interface is believed to be the cause of the quasi-breakdown, The great increase of gate current after the quasi-breakdown was modeled by a superposition of F-N tunneling current and direct tunneling current with a finite series resistance, and a good agreement has been found.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Thin, substrate-based crystalline silicon solar cells with no grid shading (2002)

Two major opportunities for increasing the performance of present day silicon solar cells involve reducing both the thickness and the grid shading. The ideal silicon photovoltaic device will be 20-100 /spl mu/m thick, will incorporate light trapping, and will not be shaded by contact metallization. Practicality also requires that these devices be supported by a low cost substrate. For the first time, a thin, substrate-based crystalline silicon solar cell has been designed and fabricated with no grid shading. Contacts are sandwiched between a supportive silicon substrate and a 40 /spl mu/m thick active silicon device layer. Device results include a 535 mV V/sub oc/, and negligible shunt conductance and series resistance.
Lethality to human cancer cells through massive chromosome loss by inhibition of the mitotic checkpoint (2004)

A compromised mitotic checkpoint, the primary mechanism for ensuring that each new cell receives one copy of every chromosome, has been implicated as a contributor to carcinogenesis. However, a checkpoint response is shown here to be essential for cell survival, including that of chromosomally instable colorectal cancer cells. Reducing the levels of the checkpoint proteins BubR1 or Mad2 in human cancer cells or inhibiting BubR1 kinase activity provokes apoptotic cell death within six divisions except when cytokinesis is also inhibited. Thus, suppression of mitotic checkpoint signaling is invariably lethal as the consequence of massive chromosome loss, findings that have implications for inhibiting proliferation of tumor cells.
Oncogenic Amino Acid Substitutions in the Inhibitory rap-1A Protein Cause It to Adopt a

ras

-p21-like Conformation as Computed Using Molecular Dynamics (1996)

rap-1A is a membrane-bound G-protein in the ras superfamily that, like the ras-p21 protein, is activated by binding GTP in place of GDP. When activated, however, this protein inhibits the action of ras-p21, which is to induce mitogenesis in cells A chimeric protein containing RAS-p21 residues 1-65 and rap-1A residues 66-184 becomes ras-p21-like in its activity. The critical changes in sequence that result in this transformation are G26N, 127H, E30D, K31E, and E45V. All of these substitutions occur in or around a critical effector domain of p21 that is involved in interacting with GTPase activating protein (GAP), raf-p74 protein and inositol-3-hydroxy kinase. Using molecular dynamics, we have computed the average low energy structures for each of the three proteins, ras-p21, rap-1A and mutant rap1A, called rap-M, that contains these critical amino acid substitutions. We find that rap-M more closely superimposes on ras-p21 (rms deviation 1.9 A) than on wild-type rap-1A (rms deviation 3.4 A). In particular, the amino terminal domains (residues 3-59) of both RAS-p21 and rap-M are superimposable while they deviate when the average structures of these two proteins are superimposed on that of wild-type rap-1A. We have identified Pro 34 as a critical residue which may determine if the protein transforms cells or inhibits cell transformation. In addition, we have found that ras-p21 and rap-M proteins are superimposable in the region 96-110 except at Asp 105. The 96-110 domain of ras-p21 has been found to be involved in the binding of this protein to the nuclear transcription protein, jun and its kinase, jun kinase, JNK. Both segments differ in structure from that of the rap-1A segment at Asp 108, implicating this residue as also being important in determining the activity of the protein. Overall, the oncogenic substitutions introduced into the rap-1A protein cause it to adopt a conformation that is very similar to that of ras-p21 rather than wild-type rap-1A.
Packaging Energy and Reserves Bids through Risk Penalties for Enhanced Reliability in Co-optimized Markets (2012)

With increasing proportion of wind power, an important concern is that of maintaining the reliability of the electric grid in the face of higher supply-side volatility. In this paper, we examine the role of risk-based penalties in developing alternate designs in which firms combine energy bids associated with uncertain real-time availability with stable reserves bids. Such a study is carried out in a regime where firms have access to a day-ahead market, an uncertain real-time energy market and a reserves market. The resulting game-theoretic problem is a two-period stochastic Nash game with risk-based objectives and the associated equilibrium conditions are given by a complementarity problem. Preliminary numerical results on a 6-firm problem provide insights regarding the impact of reserves prices and risk penalties on wind-based generation, particularly in the face of high variability.
Grating-coupled excitation of multiple surface plasmon-polariton waves (2011)

The excitation of multiple surface plasmon-polariton (SPP) waves of different linear polarization states and phase speeds by a surface-relief grating formed by a metal and a rugate filter, both of finite thickness, was studied theoretically, using rigorous coupled-wave analysis. The incident plane wave can be either $p$ or $s$ polarized. The excitation of SPP waves is indicated by the presence of those peaks in the plots of absorptance vs the incidence angle that are independent of the thickness of the rugate filter. The absorptance peaks representing the excitation of $s$-polarized SPP waves are narrower than those representing $p$-polarized SPP waves. Two incident plane waves propagating in different directions may excite the same SPP wave. A line source could excite several SPP waves simultaneously.
Aqueous Hydricity of Late Metal Catalysts as a Continuum Tuned by Ligands and the Medium (2016)

Aqueous hydride transfer is a fundamental step in emerging alternative energy transformations such as H2 evolution and CO2 reduction. "Hydricity," the hydride donor ability of a species, is a key metric for understanding transition metal hydride reactivity, but comprehensive studies of aqueous hydricity are scarce. An extensive and self-consistent aqueous hydricity scale is constructed for a family of Ru and Ir hydrides that are key intermediates in aqueous catalysis. A reference hydricity is determined using redox potentiometry and spectrophotometric titration for a particularly water-soluble species. Then, relative hydricity values for a range of species are measured using hydride transfer equilibria, taking advantage of expedient new synthetic procedures for Ru and Ir hydrides. This large collection of hydricity values provides the most comprehensive picture so far of how ligands impact hydricity in water. Strikingly, we also find that hydricity can be viewed as a continuum in water: the free energy of hydride transfer changes with pH, buffer composition, and salts present in solution.
Effect of stent crimping on calcification of transcatheter aortic valves (2019)

This study concludes that stent-crimping damage is associated with a higher level of passive leaflet calcification, which may contribute to early valve degeneration.
Electro-active shape memory composites enhanced by flexible carbon nanotube/graphene aerogels (2015)

In this manuscript we present a novel, shape memory aerogel/epoxy composite structure composed of a reduced carbon nanotube and graphene compound aerogel as a scaffold and epoxy resin as a matrix.
Contraception in breast cancer survivors from the FEERIC case-control study (performed on behalf of the Seintinelles research network) (2022)

In this large French study, BC survivors had a prevalence of contraception use similar to that for matched controls, though almost one in five women at risk of unintentional pregnancy did not use contraception. Dedicated consultations at cancer care centers could further improve access to information and contraception counseling.
Ultra-low loading of Ni in catalysts supported on mesoporous SiO2 and their performance in hydrodeoxygenation of palmitic acid (2020)

Ni catalysts supported on KIT-5 are attractive heterogeneous catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation of biomass feedstocks.
Iris-claw lens in phakic eyes to correct hyperopia: Preliminary study (1998)

Implantation of a convex iris-claw lens into the anterior chamber of phakic eyes to correct high hyperopia was successful from a refractive aspect. The clinical risks appear tolerable. However, life-long observation by endothelial microscopy is mandatory.
Examining the Association of Academic Rank and Productivity with Metrics of Twitter Utilization Amongst Kidney Cancer Specialists (2020)

BACKGROUND: Twitter has emerged as an important platform for conversation surrounding cancer-related topics. As use has proliferated, a better classification of physicians engaging in cancer discussions on Twitter is warranted. OBJECTIVES: To better characterize the medical specialists involved in disseminating kidney cancer information on social media through academic and Twitter metrics. METHODS: Clinical practitioners with an expertise in kidney cancer were identified. Demographics, metrics of academic rank and productivity, and Twitter usage data were collected. Correlations were calculated for the generation of a model predictive of the number of Twitter followers. Analysis of the experts’ Twitter content was performed. RESULTS: Among 59 kidney cancer experts identified, 14 (23.7%) were assistant professors, 24 (40.7%) were associate professors, and 21 (35.6%) were full professors. A total of 5424 tweets were analyzed, 86% of which were medically-related. We identified several differences between academic rank and Twitter variables. Associate professors registered a greater median number of followers subscribed to their Twitter accounts (2360) versus assistant professors (1253) and full professors (934) ( p = 0.03) and a greater median number of accounts they themselves followed (752 vs. 290 vs. 235, respectively; p = 0.0009). Use of a more generalized approach (ANCOVA) showed that the most predictive variables for the number of followers are number of tweets, H-index, and percentage of medical tweets ( R 2 = 0.70). CONCLUSIONS: This study supported correlations between metrics of academic and Twitter activity. The generation of a model to predict the number of followers on Twitter is novel – future work will validate this in other disease types.
Binding Affinities of Commonly Employed Sensitizers of Viral Inactivation¶ (2002)

Methylene blue (MB), riboflavin (RB) and psoralen sensitizers (4' aminomethyl-4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen [AMT] and derivatives) are under study as sensitizers of viral inactivation of blood products such as plasma proteins, platelets and red cells, all of which lack genomic nucleic acid. To predict where these sensitizers accumulate in viruses and in cells, their relative affinities for calf thymus DNA, neutral and negatively charged phospholipids and albumin were determined by dialysis. MB has a strong affinity for nucleic acid and negatively charged phospholipid, but little affinity for albumin or neutral phospholipid. RB has modest affinity for nucleic acid and little affinity for albumin or either phospholipid. AMT has substantial affinity for nucleic acid, neutral and negatively charged phospholipids and albumin. Neither AMT nor RB binds to poly G, although MB has some affinity for this polymer. Evidence of association of RB with guanosine monophosphate, adenosine monophosphate and tryptophan methylester hydrochloride in PBS buffer in the presence and absence of formamide was obtained from nonlinear Stern-Volmer plots and shifts in the ground state absorption spectrum of RB.
[Taste changes in patients with AL amyloidosis. Preliminary studies]. (1994)

Taste acuity in 20 subjects affected by AL amyloidosis without oral complications was investigated by threshold determination. Sixteen cases did not recognize one or more fundamental tastes. Sour was the most frequently lost taste, as it was not recognized by 10 out of 20 cases. So, sensorial neuropathy, altering taste generation and/or transmission, seems frequently associated to AL amyloidosis. Further researches will show if taste losses realize typical symptomatic features in this disease.
Grain Handling and Storage Safety (1999)

There are several hazards that should be considered when working with grain. Storage structures, handling equipment, and the grain itself have all caused serious injuries and deaths.
Dietary Modulation of Cytochrome P450 in the Small Intestinal Epithelium (1991)

Cytochrome P450 function was compared in rats maintained on cereal-based chow or a purified diet that simulates nutrient levels present in the chow. Ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase activity was increased in small intestine (15-fold), colon (2.5-fold) and liver (1.6-fold) by cereal chow. Ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity was also increased by cereal chow (75- and 2.5-fold in small intestine and liver, respectively). Cytochrome P450IAI, detected by Western blotting, was observed in intestinal microsomes isolated from chow-fed rats. These data underscore the importance of dietary considerations when evaluating studies of xenobiotics that undergo 'first pass' cytochrome P450-dependent metabolism in the small intestine.
An object oriented programming approach for hardware design (2003)

An object oriented programming approach for the design of complex systems in hardware is presented. The paper describes how the usage of object oriented techniques resolves some major obstacles for system-on-chip design. The design of a 10 Mbit/s upstream cable modem is used as a driving example.
Markers of immune activation and inflammation in individuals with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (2021)

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND The biological processes associated with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) are unknown. METHODS We measured soluble markers of inflammation in a SARS-CoV-2 recovery cohort at early (&lt;90 days) and late (&gt;90 days) timepoints. We defined PASC as the presence of one or more COVID-19-attributed symptoms beyond 90 days. We compared fold-changes in marker values between those with and without PASC using mixed effects models with terms for PASC and early and late recovery time periods. RESULTS During early recovery, those who went on to develop PASC generally had higher levels of cytokine biomarkers including TNF-alpha (1.14-fold higher mean ratio, 95%CI 1.01-1.28, p=0.028) and IP-10 (1.28-fold higher mean ratio, 95%CI 1.01-1.62, p=0.038). Among those with PASC, there was a trend toward higher IL-6 levels during early recovery (1.28-fold higher mean ratio, 95%CI 0.98- 1.70, p=0.07) which became more pronounced in late recovery (1.44-fold higher mean ratio, 95%CI: 1.11-1.86, p&lt;0.001). These differences were more pronounced among those with a greater number of PASC symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Persistent immune activation may be associated with ongoing symptoms following COVID-19. Further characterization of these processes might identify therapeutic targets for those experiencing PASC.
Measurement of the oxygen content in high-Tcsuperconductors: Enhanced resonant ion-scattering analysis (1988)

A simple and accurate method is demonstrated to measure oxygen concentrations in thin films of ${R}_{1}{\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{7\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ (1:2:3 phase, where $R$ stands for the rare-earth element) by ion-beam analysis. Enhanced ion-scattering cross sections for 2.5-MeV protons and 8.7-MeV alpha particles, with depth resolutions of 200 and 50 nm, respectively, have been used to determine the oxygen content of laterally uniform thin-film and bulk superconductors. Both the H and He ion-beam analysis techniques are demonstrated to have the needed accuracy ($\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\delta}=0.3$) to ensure the proper composition for high-temperature superconductors in the 1:2:3 phase. These two techniques are based on enhanced ion-scattering cross section ($\ensuremath{\sigma}$) for which the ratios of $\ensuremath{\sigma}$ to the Rutherford cross sections are 5 for 2.5-MeV protons, and 22 for 8.7-MeV alpha particles.
A Rapid, Asymmetric Synthesis of the Decahydrofluorene Core of the Hirsutellones (2009)

A tandem ketene-trapping/Diels-Alder cyclization sequence was the pivotal transformation in an efficient, asymmetric synthesis of a decahydrofluorene tricyclic structure possessing eight stereogenic centers and key features of the hirsutellone class of antitubercular natural products. The hirsutellone-like beta-keto ester that was fashioned by this sequence (13 steps; 6% overall yield) demonstrated significant inhibitory activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The mechanism of action of this antitubercular compound is not yet known.
Working Hard or Hardly Working: Challenges of Integrating Typology into\n Neural Dependency Parsers (2019)

This paper explores the task of leveraging typology in the context of\ncross-lingual dependency parsing. While this linguistic information has shown\ngreat promise in pre-neural parsing, results for neural architectures have been\nmixed. The aim of our investigation is to better understand this\nstate-of-the-art. Our main findings are as follows: 1) The benefit of\ntypological information is derived from coarsely grouping languages into\nsyntactically-homogeneous clusters rather than from learning to leverage\nvariations along individual typological dimensions in a compositional manner;\n2) Typology consistent with the actual corpus statistics yields better transfer\nperformance; 3) Typological similarity is only a rough proxy of cross-lingual\ntransferability with respect to parsing.\n
<title>Multiwavelength and multicolor temporal and spatial optical solitons</title> (2000)

We present an overview of several novel types of multi- component envelope solitary waves that appear in fiber and waveguide nonlinear optics. In particular, we describe multi-channel solitary waves in bit-parallel-wavelength fiber transmission systems for high performance computer networks, multi-color parametric spatial solitary waves due to cascaded nonlinearities of quadratic materials, and quasiperiodic envelope solitons in Fibonacci optical superlattices.