gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New polypyromellitimide films based on cyclotriphosphazene and bisaspartimide derived diamines (1984)

Abstract Three new thermally stable polypyromellitimide films were made by the thermal cyclodehydration of the corresponding polyamic acids obtained by the polymerization of pyromellitic dianhydride with 4,4′‐bis{N 2 ‐[4‐(4‐aminobenzyl)phenyl]aspartimido} diphenylmethane, 4,4′‐bis{N 2 ‐[4‐(4‐aminophenoxy)phenyl]aspartimido} diphenylether, and bis(4‐aminophenoxy)tetrakis (4‐phthalamic acid phenoxy)cyclotriphosphazene. The bis(4‐aminophenoxy)tetrakis (4‐phthalamic acid phenoxy)cyclotriphosphazene was obtained from hexakis(4‐aminophenoxy)cyclotriphosphazene involving its reaction with phthalic anhydride. The structure of these materials and precursors were characterized by using Fourier‐transform‐infrared (FT–IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The thermal stabilities of the films were evaluated by the thermogravimetric analysis, showing char yields at 800°C ranging from 68% to 58% in a nitrogen atmosphere and 24% in air atmosphere.
Effects of cholecystokinin and secretin on pancreatic duct pressure and pancreatic blood flow in Australian brush-tailed possums (2007)

AIM:To investigate the effects of cholecystokinin (CCK) and secretin on pancreatic duct pressure (PDP) and pancreatic blood flow (PBF) in Australian brush-tailed possums. METHODS:CCK and secretin (5μg/kg) were intravenously injected into 6 brush-tailed pos- sums respectively.Pancreatic duct of the pos- sums were cannulated and PDP was measured by Maclab recording system separately.PBF was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry. RESULTS:Five minutes after CCK and secretin injection,PDP increased from 16.2±1.8 and 16.8±1.7 mmHg to 18.9±2.1 and 25.6±1.9 mmHg, and maintained high levels (17.6±2.4 mmHg and 21.5±2.5 mmHg) at the 15~(th) minute (P0.002 and P0.001);PBF increased from 0.58±0.09 and 0.55±0.04 mL/100 g to 0.75±0.11 and 0.85±0.12 mL/100 g,respectively,at the begin- ning after CCK and secretin injection.However, CCK and secretin made a continual PDP in- crease along with PBF decrease till maintaining a low level (0.51±0.09 mL/100 g and 0.39±0.11 mL/100 g,P0.001) within 15 minutes,but the influence of secretin was more significant than that of CCK (P0.05). CONCLUSION:PDP can be increased by CCK and secretin injection,resulting in an increase of PBF,which may be the initial factor in the pathogenesis and development of acute biliary pancreatitis.
3D-CE5.h: Additional merge candidates derived from shifted disparity candidate predictors (2013)

Joint Collaborative Team on 3D Video Coding Extension Development of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, JCT3V-C0148, 3rd Meeting: Geneva, CH, 17-23 Jan. 2013
Developmental propagation of V(D)J recombination-associated DNA breaks and translocations in mature B cells via dicentric chromosomes (2014)

Mature IgM(+) B-cell lymphomas that arise in certain ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM)-deficient compound mutant mice harbor translocations that fuse V(D)J recombination-initiated IgH double-strand breaks (DSBs) on chromosome 12 to sequences downstream of c-myc on chromosome 15, generating dicentric chromosomes and c-myc amplification via a breakage-fusion-bridge mechanism. As V(D)J recombination DSBs occur in developing progenitor B cells in the bone marrow, we sought to elucidate a mechanism by which such DSBs contribute to oncogenic translocations/amplifications in mature B cells. For this purpose, we applied high-throughput genome-wide translocation sequencing to study the fate of introduced c-myc DSBs in splenic IgM(+) B cells stimulated for activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID)-dependent IgH class switch recombination (CSR). We found frequent translocations of c-myc DSBs to AID-initiated DSBs in IgH switch regions in wild-type and ATM-deficient B cells. However, c-myc also translocated frequently to newly generated DSBs within a 35-Mb region downstream of IgH in ATM-deficient, but not wild-type, CSR-activated B cells. Moreover, we found such DSBs and translocations in activated B cells that did not express AID or undergo CSR. Our findings indicate that ATM deficiency leads to formation of chromosome 12 dicentrics via recombination-activating gene-initiated IgH DSBs in progenitor B cells and that these dicentrics can be propagated developmentally into mature B cells where they generate new DSBs downstream of IgH via breakage-fusion-bridge cycles. We propose that dicentrics formed by joining V(D)J recombination-associated IgH DSBs to DSBs downstream of c-myc in ATM-deficient B lineage cells similarly contribute to c-myc amplification and mature B-cell lymphomas.
Tunable channel width of a UV-gate field effect transistor based on ZnO micro-nano wire (2014)

A n-channel field effect transistor (FET) based on ZnO microwire has been fabricated for ultraviolet detection, where a PEDOT:PSS/ZnO wire junction serves as the gate. The sensitivity of the junction FET was enhanced by two orders of magnitude with a fast response time <1 s at 3 V compared with a Ag–ZnO–Ag detector under the illumination of UV light (325 nm). Such a great improvement in photoresponse is attributed to the introduction of a depletion layer, resulting in a lower dark current. The change of the junction FET channel width with various UV light intensities was calculated and discussed in terms of the carrier diffusion theory and the ideal I–V characteristics of the depletion mode JFET.
Medicaid reform in the 1990s. (2000)

The 1990s saw considerable change in the Medicaid program. At the beginning of the decade, Medicaid was still primarily a program that provided health care coverage to persons receiving cash assistance under the Aid to Families with Disabled Children (AFDC) or Supplemental Security Income (SSI) programs, although expansions of eligibility for low income pregnant women and children had already begun shifting the focus of coverage away from cash recipients. Health care providers were reimbursed directly for services rendered, and little was offered in the way of care management. While fee-for-service (FFS) reimbursement remains important, by the end of the decade State Medicaid programs had taken on a new role as purchasers of managed health care and case management services. At the same time, many States relaxed eligibility standards for Medicaid, extending coverage to higher income pregnant women and children or, in some cases, to the general low income uninsured population. In these States, Medicaid reform was a component of a broader effort to increase access to health insurance generally, and to encourage the development of managed care.

The States were not the only actors in the Medicaid reform arena. Congress enacted a number of reforms at the national level, including changes in the laws governing Medicaid payments to disproportionate share hospitals (DSH), welfare reform, repeal of the Boren Amendment and enactment of the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP).

As we enter the first decade of the 21st Century, these various reform movements continue to develop, and their full implications are not yet clear. One thing that is certain, however, is that Medicaid reform has thrown into relief the program's broad reach and its relationships to multiple constituencies. It has also highlighted the administrative, logistical, and political challenges inherent in any attempt to reform a large public program such as Medicaid. This special issue of the Health Care Financing Review features eight articles that examine various aspects of Medicaid reform, their impact and possible future directions for the reform movement. Together they provide an overall view of the impact, successes, and challenges of Medicaid reform, and the prospects for the future.
A Stochastic-Geometry Approach to Coverage in Cellular Networks with Multi-Cell Cooperation (2011)

Multi-cell cooperation is a promising approach for mitigating inter-cell interference in dense cellular networks. Quantifying the performance of multi-cell cooperation is challenging as it integrates physical-layer techniques and network topologies. For tractability, existing work typically relies on the over-simplified Wyner-type models. In this paper, we propose a new stochastic- geometry model for a cellular network with multi-cell cooperation, which accounts for practical factors including the irregular locations of base stations (BSs) and the resultant path-losses. In particular, the proposed network-topology model has three key features: i) the cells are modeled using a Poisson random tessellation generated by Poisson distributed BSs, ii) multi-antenna BSs are clustered using a hexagonal lattice and BSs in the same cluster mitigate mutual interference by spatial interference avoidance, iii) BSs near cluster edges access a different sub- channel from that by other BSs, shielding cluster-edge mobiles from strong interference. Using this model and assuming sparse scattering, we analyze the shapes of the outage probabilities of mobiles served by cluster-interior BSs as the average number K of BSs per cluster increases. The outage probability of a mobile near a cluster center is shown to be proportional to e(-c(2- √v) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) K where v is the fraction of BSs lying in the interior of clusters and c is a constant. Moreover, the outage probability of a typical mobile is proved to scale proportionally with e(-c(2- √v) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) K where c' is a constant.
Explosion protection with metal dust fuels (2002)

Abstract Metal dust explosions have unique deflagration characteristics in comparison to organic fuels, and that can make them more difficult to control. The flame temperature of some metals dusts can exceed 3,500° K, more than 1,000° K higher than an organic flame. This can result in high explosion pressures, P max . Also, the pressure rate of rise, K max , as well as the flame speed, can greatly exceed that found with organic fuels. All of these contribute to making explosion protection more difficult. Successful explosion protection lies in the speed of the system as well as its effectiveness. Detection and activation processes, as well as the mechanical response of the components, determine the overall speed. The effectiveness, for example, of suppression lies in the ability of the agent to stop the flame from propagating. This paper reviews the potential effectiveness of explosion protection techniques (containment, suppression, venting and isolation) in metal dust explosions, and the limits associated with each technique. Experimental results will show that metal dust explosions can be controlled when the explosion protection techniques are properly applied.
The effects of circulating antigen on the pharmacokinetics and radioimmunoscintigraphic properties of 99m Tc labelled monoclonal antibodies in cancer patients. (2000)

These clearance patterns resulted in acceptable, though higher radiation doses to the spleen and urinary bladder wall for these patients when compared to the MAb-170H.82 group. Both MAbs were found to produce acceptable radioimmunoscintigraphic images
GATA3 Promotes the Neural Progenitor State but Not Neurogenesis in 3D Traumatic Injury Model of Primary Human Cortical Astrocytes (2019)

Astrocytes are abundant cell types in the vertebrate central nervous system and can act as neural stem cells in specialized niches where they constitutively generate new neurons. Outside the stem cell niches, however, these glial cells are not neurogenic. Although injuries in the mammalian central nervous system lead to profound proliferation of astrocytes, which cluster at the lesion site to form a gliotic scar, neurogenesis does not take place. Therefore, a plausible regenerative therapeutic option is to coax the endogenous reactive astrocytes to a pre-neurogenic progenitor state and use them as an endogenous reservoir for repair. However, little is known on the mechanisms that promote the neural progenitor state after injuries in humans. Gata3 was previously found to be a mechanism that zebrafish brain uses to injury-dependent induction of neural progenitors. However, the effects of GATA3 in human astrocytes after injury are not known. Therefore, in this report, we investigated how overexpression of GATA3 in primary human astrocytes would affect the neurogenic potential before and after injury in 2D and 3D cultures. We found that primary human astrocytes are unable to induce GATA3 after injury. Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of GATA3 significantly increased the number of GFAP/SOX2 double positive astrocytes and expression of pro-neural factor ASCL1, but failed to induce neurogenesis, suggesting that GATA3 is required for enhancing the neurogenic potential of primary human astrocytes and is not sufficient to induce neurogenesis alone.
DEPENDENCE OF THE YIELD OF MOLECULAR PRODUCTS OF THE RADIOLYSIS OF WATER ON THE RADICAL ACCEPTOR CONCENTRATION (1963)

It was found experimentally for many systems that, in an irradiated solution (for example, by hard gamma rays of Co/sup 60/), as the concentration of the radical acceptors H and OH increases, the yield of H/sub 2/ and H/sub 2/O/sub 2/ molecules decreases linearly with the cube root of the acceptor concentration. Attempts to derive the cube-root equation were not successful, but an approximate method is presented. It is considered valid for the following conditions: the number of radicals captured by an acceptor in a short time is small compared to the number recombining in that same interval of time; and the number of radicals recombining in a long time is small compared to the number captured by an acceptor in this same interval of time. This was found to hold true for the case of an acceptor concentration much less than 1 mole/l. Calculations were made by means of the derived equation and were found to be in good agreement with data found in experimental work. (TTT)
Outdoor-to-Indoor Office MIMO Measurements and Analysis at 5.2 GHz (2008)

The outdoor-to-indoor wireless propagation channel is of interest for cellular and wireless local area network applications. This paper presents the measurement results and analysis based on our multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) measurement campaign, which is one of the first to characterize the outdoor-to-indoor channel. The measurements were performed at 5.2 GHz; the receiver was placed indoors at 53 different locations in an office building, and the transmitter was placed at three "base station" positions on a nearby rooftop. We report on the root-mean-square (RMS) angular spread, building penetration, and other statistical parameters that characterize the channel. Our analysis is focused on three MIMO channel assumptions often used in stochastic models. 1) It is commonly assumed that the channel matrix can be represented as a sum of a line-of-sight (LOS) contribution and a zero-mean complex Gaussian distribution. Our investigation shows that this model does not adequately represent our measurement data. 2) It is often assumed that the Rician if-factor is equal to the power ratio of the LOS component and the other multipath components (MPCs). We show that this is not the case, and we highlight the difference between the Rician if-factor often associated with LOS channels and a similar power ratio for the estimated LOS MPC. 3) A widespread assumption is that the full correlation matrix of the channel can be decomposed into a Kronecker product of the correlation matrices at the transmit and receive array. Our investigations show that the direction-of-arrival (DOA) spectrum noticeably depends on the direction-of-departure (DOD); therefore, the Kronecker model is not applicable, and models with less-restrictive assumptions on the channel, e.g., the Weichselberger model or the full correlation model, should be used.
Identification of bipotential progenitor cells in human liver development (1996)

Intermediate filament proteins have been reported to be expressed in a cell lineage-specific manner during morphogenesis. We studied the expression of cytokeratin (CK)14, CK19, and vimentin and of the hepatocyte-specific HepPar1 antigen during the development of human liver. Nineteen fetal livers (gestational ages 4 to 40 weeks), 3 normal infant livers, and 3 normal adult livers were studied by immunoperoxidase staining of paraffin sections with monoclonal anti-CK19, anti-vimentin, and HepPar1 antibodies and polyclonal anti-CK14 antibodies. Double-immunostaining for CK14 and CK19 as well as bile duct cytokeratin and HepPar1 antigen was also done. CK19 and HepPar1 antigen were the first markers detected in immature progenitor cells of the liver primordium at 4 weeks' gestation. During subsequent liver development, the progenitor cells expressed HepPar1 antigen, CK14, and CK19, from 8 to 14 weeks' gestation. As hepatocyte differentiation progressed, expression of HepPar1 antigen increased, and CK14 and CK19 were abrogated from hepatoblasts at 14 to 16 weeks' gestation. In contrast, as progenitor cells transformed into ductal plate cells, CK19 expression increased and persisted in differentiated bile ducts, whereas CK14 and HepPar1 antigen were lost. Vimentin was detected in ductal plate and biliary epithelial cells from 9 to 36 weeks' gestation, but not in hepatoblasts or hepatocytes. Double-immunostaining confirmed coexpression of CK14 and CK19 in the progenitor cells for a short time (8 to 14 weeks' gestation) during early development. Double immunostaining for bile duct CK and HepPar1 antigen clearly demonstrated the divergence of the hepatocyte and bile duct epithelial cell lineages. Our findings suggest that hepatic progenitor cells differentiate in steps marked by the acquisition or loss of specific phenotypic characteristics. Commitment of the HepPar1+CK19+ progenitor cells to either hepatocyte or bile duct epithelial cell lineages results in increased expression of one marker and loss of the other marker. These characteristics clearly identify bipotential hepatic progenitor cells in the developing human liver.
A Fully Distributed Topology Identification Approach for Active Distribution Network Based on Multi-Agent Framework (2018)

In this paper, we proposed a fully distributed topology identification approach for active distribution networks with radial topology. The estimation model of the branch impedance of a typical unit of the distribution network is firstly studied. Then, a recursive estimation algorithm is developed based on the multi-agent framework and fully distributed communication structure. Results show that the proposed method can obtain accurate estimates of the network impedance, which is very promising in supporting other distributed optimization modules and control strategies.
Precursor for the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding protein synthesized in Escherichia coli blocks import of the small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. (1992)

When synthesized in Escherichia coli, the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding protein (LHCP) precursor accumulates in inclusion-like bodies (Abad, M. S., Oblong, J. E., and Lamppa, G. K. (1991) Plant Physiol. 96, 1220-1227). In this study we show that after solubilization in 6 M urea and dialysis into 20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0) the recombinant LHCP precursor (preLHCP) was not found as a monomer (31 kDa), but instead produced a heterogeneous population of oligomeric complexes, ranging from 60-300 kDa as determined by gel filtration chromatography. Circular dichroism analysis indicated that the oligomers had folded structure, and that it was composed of both alpha-helix and beta-sheet. Approximately half of recombinant preLHCP found in these complexes was cleavable at the transit peptide-mature protein junction by a soluble chloroplast-processing enzyme in an organelle-free reaction. At 1.5 microM the recombinant precursor inhibited the import of radiolabeled preLHCP and the precursor of the small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase generated by reticulocyte lysate translations. When chloroplasts were preincubated with the precursor, followed by their reisolation, import was still blocked, providing evidence that competition between recombinant preLHCP and these substrates occurred at the chloroplast per se. Recombinant preLHCP was visualized on the envelope by immunofluorescence microscopy, and its presence there was mediated by a thermolysin-sensitive factor.
Barley Inclusion and Avoparcin Supplementation in Broiler Diets. (1992)

The clinical, pathological, and bacteriological findings of a mild form of necrotic enteritis (NE) in broiler chickens are presented. The term subclinical NE (SNE) is proposed for this condition. A diagnosis of SNE was based on the detection of macroscopically visible, focal necrotic lesions in the small intestinal mucosa. The ileal gut contents from SNE birds yielded increased numbers of Clostridium perfringens and reduced numbers of coliform bacteria. Reduced numbers of lactobacilli and streptococci were detected in birds from SNE pens and coccidial oocysts were not found in the rectal contents of SNE birds. Statistical analyses showed strong correlations between SNE and increased feed conversion ratio and retarded growth rate. An increased occurrence of SNE was observed in birds on a diet containing a large amount of barley.
Study on Energy Conservation for Cellular Systems: A Global Optimization Approach (2015)

With the increasing popularity of wireless devices and multimedia services, data transmission in cellular systems has increased dramatically, resulting in huge energy consumption. This impacts negatively on the environment (e.g., high CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> emissions and the depletion of nonrenewable energy sources) and increases the operation cost for telecommunications. Effectively solving this issue has become a significant research topic. In this study, we aim to minimize the total power consumption for cellular systems by jointly considering base station (BS) deployment and power allocation, while providing user transmission rate and quality of experience (QoE) guarantees. We construct a mathematical model which is a nonconvex mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem. To solve it with global optimality, we design a novel branch-and-bound (B&B) algorithm based on the characteristics of the MINLP problem. We compare our proposed B&B algorithm with a reference B&B algorithm using the relaxation method published in previous literatures. Numerical results show that our algorithm substantially surpassed the reference algorithm in terms of computational complexity. Moreover, we investigate in detail the effect of distinct factor on the energy consumption of cellular systems. Our results not only provide insights into the design of green cellular systems but also serve as performance benchmarks for heuristic and distributed algorithms developed for practical implementations.