gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Onset of Self-Excited Oscillations of Traveling Wave Thermo-Acoustic-Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Using Root-Locus Analysis (2011)

The onset of self-excited oscillations is developed theoretically for a traveling wave thermo-acoustic-piezoelectric (TAP) energy harvester. The harvester is intended for converting thermal energy, such as solar or waste heat energy, directly into electrical energy without the need for any moving components. The thermal energy is utilized to generate a steep temperature gradient along a porous regenerator. At a specific threshold of the temperature gradient, self-sustained acoustic waves are generated inside an acoustic resonator. The resulting pressure fluctuations excite a piezoelectric diaphragm, placed at the end of the resonator, which converts the acoustic energy directly into electrical energy. The pressure pulsations are amplified by using an acoustic feedback loop which introduces appropriate phasing that make the pulsations take the form of traveling waves. Such traveling waves render the engine to be inherently reversible and thus highly efficient. The behavior of this class of harvesters is modeled using the lumped-parameter approach. The developed model is a multifield model which combines the descriptions of the acoustic resonator, feedback loop, and the regenerator with the characteristics of the piezoelectric diaphragm. A new method is proposed here to analyze the onset of self-sustained oscillations of the traveling wave engine using the classical control theory. The predictions of the developed models are validated against published results. Such models present invaluable tools for the design of efficient TAP energy harvesters and engines.
Loss of mechanosensitivity in a mouse model for gerodermia osteodysplastica due to an altered lacuno-canalicular osteocyte network (2019)

With increasing age bone tissue loses its capacity to respond to mechanical loading. But whether this is also true for premature aging disorders is unknown.
Effect of Al-distribution on oxygen activation over Cu–CHA (2018)

The Al-distribution affects the formation of Cu(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>-pairs during NH<sub>3</sub>-SCR over Cu–CHA and oxygen dissociates with low barriers over such pairs.
Current state of heterotrophic bacterioplankton in the Kosinskie Lakes (2013)

From December 2009 to December 2010, the total abundance of bacteria, the abundance of bacteria with electron transport chain, the abundance of viable saprotrophic bacteria, and the concentration of chlorophyll a were studied in water samples from lakes Svyatoe, Beloe, and Chernoe in Kosino-Ukhtomskoe district, Moscow City. The abundance of bacteria with active electron transport chain (CTC+bacteria) and its seasonal variations in Kosinskie Lakes are studied for the first time. Those lakes were found to contain well-developed and actively functioning heterotrophic bacterioplankton, the abundance of which have increased considerably since the 1930s–1940s. The seasonal dynamics of bacterioplankton has also changed. The largest absolute abundance of CTC+bacteria in lakes Svyatoe and Beloe was recorded in summer and autumn (from August to November). The abundance peak of CTH+bacteria in Lake Svyatoe was recorded in September and that in Lake Beloe, in October. The abundance of CTC+bacteria also showed a peak in April. In Lake Chernoe, the abundance of CTC+bacteria was much less than in lakes Svyatoe and Beloe; its maximums were recorded in December 2009 and April 2010. The share of CTC+bacteria in the total abundance of bacteria was 2.4–19.2% in Lake Svyatoe, 1.8–63.0% in Lake Beloe, and 0.96–22.5% in Lake Chernoe. Significant correlations were found to exist in all three lakes between the abundance of active bacterioplankton fraction and chlorophyll a content of water.
Differential Phosphorylation Controls Maskin Association with Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4E and Localization on the Mitotic Apparatus (2005)

Several cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE)-containing mRNAs that are repressed in Xenopus oocytes become active during meiotic maturation. A group of factors that are anchored to the CPE are responsible for this repression and activation. Two of the most important are CPEB, which binds directly to the CPE, and Maskin, which associates with CPEB. In oocytes, Maskin also binds eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), an interaction that excludes eIF4G and prevents formation of the eIF4F initiation complex. When the oocytes are stimulated to reenter the meiotic divisions (maturation), CPEB promotes cytoplasmic polyadenylation. The newly elongated poly(A) tail becomes bound by poly(A) binding protein (PABP), which in turn binds eIF4G and helps it displace Maskin from eIF4E, thereby inducing translation. Here we show that Maskin undergoes several phosphorylation events during oocyte maturation, some of which are important for its dissociation from eIF4E and translational activation of CPE-containing mRNA. These sites are T58, S152, S311, S343, S453, and S638 and are phosphorylated by cdk1. Mutation of these sites to alanine alleviates the cdk1-induced dissociation of Maskin from eIF4E. Prior to maturation, Maskin is phosphorylated on S626 by protein kinase A. While this modification has no detectable effect on translation during oocyte maturation, it is critical for this protein to localize on the mitotic apparatus in somatic cells. These results show that Maskin activity and localization is controlled by differential phosphorylation.
Multistable inflatable origami – from deployable structures to robots (2021)

Multistable structures can reversibly change between multiple stable configurations when a sufficient energetic input is provided. While originally the field focused on understanding what governs the snapping, more recently it has been shown that these systems also provide a powerful platform to design a wide range of smart structures. In this talk, I will first show that pressure-deployable origami structures characterized by two stable configurations provide opportunities for a new generation of large-scale inflatable structures that lock in place after deployment and provide a robust enclosure through their rigid faces. Then, I will demonstrate that the bistable origami modules provide an ideal platform to design actuators that can switch between different configurations, reach multiple, pre-defined targets in space, and move along complex trajectories. Unlike previously proposed robots that require complex input control of multiple actuators, a single input signal suffices to activate our robot, as all features required for functionality are embedded into the architecture of the building blocks.
Terpyridine-Based, Flexible Tripods: From a Highly Symmetric Nanosphere to Temperature-Dependent, Irreversible, 3D Isomeric Macromolecular Nanocages (2017)

A three-dimensional, highly symmetric sphere-like nanocage was synthesized using a terpyridine (tpy)-based, flexible tris-dentate ligand and characterized by single crystal X-ray analysis. To introduce more rigidity, one of the tpy units of the tris-dentate ligand was preblocked by stable <tpy-Ru<sup>2+</sup>-tpy> connectivity to form the corresponding Ru<sup>2+</sup>-dimer. The complexation between Ru<sup>2+</sup>-dimer and Fe<sup>2+</sup> demonstrates an unexpected temperature-dependent assembly between two irreversible isomeric 3D nanocages. Investigation of the coordination process and structural configurations of the metal-ligand framework, affected by the introduction of rigidity and in the presence of external stimuli (temperature), is reported.
Highly sensitive ELISA for determining serum keratan sulphate levels in the diagnosis of OA (2009)

HS-ELISA proved useful for determining KS level in serum and the diagnosis of OA. Pretreatment of serum samples with a protease further improved the performance of HS-ELISA.
Emulsification properties of hydrocolloids (2001)

Water soluble/dispersible polysaccharides, termed hydrocolloids or gums, are known as viscosity builders and/or gelling agents in aqueous systems. Technologists call them stabilizers, since they can improve long-term stability in systems consisting of water and oil. Many scientists claim that hydrocolloids are not true emulsifiers, since they do not actively adsorb onto liquid interfaces and the stability that they impart is mainly via increasing viscosity and decreasing mobility. Only certain hydrocolloids, such as gum arabic, were known to exhibit emulsification properties. The surface activity was proved to be derived from the anchoring ability of the hydrophobic proteineous moieties (attached to the polysaccharide backbone) onto the oil phase. The aim of this review is to demonstrate that certain hydrophilic (anionic or non-ionic) polysaccharides purified to a level of being almost protein-free can exhibit surface and emulsification properties inspite of their rigid and hydrophilic nature. The adsorption isotherms of the surface-active biopolymers are similar to other macromolecular amphiphiles. The main gums to be discussed are those of the galactomannan family [locust bean gum (LBG), guar and fenugreek]. Other gums from less known sources (Portulaca Oleracea and Opuntia Ficus) also exhibit surface properties. It appears that the statements made by several authors claiming that hydrocolloids cannot be considered as emulsifiers, were inaccurate. It seems that the requirements for built-in hydrophobic moieties on the hydrocolloids' backbone internal structure, are not obligatory for active adsorption. Adsorption can be induced by a salting-out effect, resulting in semi-solid interfacial layers. Hydrocolloids can form thick birefringent gel-like mechanical barriers at the oil–water interface of emulsion oil droplets. This new category of natural-occurring hydrocolloid-emulsifiers should be reconsidered by food technologists and by other emulsion technologists for other industrial applications. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Kinetics of Temperature‐induced and Reaction‐induced Phase Separation Studied by Modulated Temperature DSC (2006)

Abstract Temperature‐induced phase separation of P(EO75‐ ran ‐PO25)/PES and reaction‐induced phase separation of DGEBA/MDA modified with PVME are studied using MTDSC as an in‐situ tool. Phase separation can be probed by the onset of an ‘excess’ contribution in the MTDSC heat capacity signal, in good correspondence with the cloud point temperature. This feature enables the complete construction of the state diagram of P(EO75‐ ran ‐PO25)/PES. The detection of phase separation‐induced partial vitrification of the high‐ T g phase (PES‐rich phase) enables to sub‐divide the LCST‐type heterogeneous region in a zone 1 (no interference of partial vitrification) and a zone 2 (interference of partial vitrification of the PES‐rich phase). This sub‐division of the heterogeneous region has drastic implications on the remixing behavior of demixed blends. In DGEBA/MDA modified with PVME, reaction‐induced phase separation accompanied by an increase in reaction rate, followed by a vitrification step of the epoxy‐amine phase can be detected in‐situ. In non‐isothermal conditions, a diffusion‐controlled reaction after vitrification and a final devitrification of the system is also observed.
Use of tracers in laboratory and field tests of underground coal gasification and oil shale retorting. [35 references] (1978)

Tracers have recently been suggested for laboratory and field experiments of simulated and actual underground retorting of coal and oil shale. The intended use of laboratory and field retort testing is examined and found to be mainly for estimation of properties of the flow field. The field implementation, data reduction procedure and preliminary results of helium tracer work at Hoe Creek II coal gasification experiment are presented. It was found that the active void volume calculated from the tracer data generally agrees with the consumed coal volume determined from material balances. One and two-dimensional dispersion models predict a highly dispersive system. This review of tracer theory and its usual laboratory application has served to point out its limitations and proper usage. The usage of tracer theory in laboratory and field tests of UCG and oil shale retorting was found to include: generation of information on the flow properties; determination of the total amount of active void volume; determination of the dispersiveness of the injected gas; and analysis of flow channeling and fissuring. At this time lack of knowledge of the flow field needed for interpreting the tracer experiments makes the analysis difficult. In order to understand the tracer data, amore » theory involving the solution of an inverse problem needs to be developed.« less
Data from Prognostic Impact of Natural Killer Cell Count in Follicular Lymphoma and Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Patients Treated with Immunochemotherapy (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Natural killer (NK) cells are key effector cells for anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAb), such as obinutuzumab and rituximab. We assessed whether low pretreatment NK-cell count (NKCC) in peripheral blood or tumor tissue was associated with worse outcome in patients receiving antibody-based therapy.&lt;/p&gt;Patients and Methods:&lt;p&gt;Baseline peripheral blood NKCC was assessed by flow cytometry (CD3&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;CD56&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and/or CD16&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; cells) in 1,064 of 1,202 patients with follicular lymphoma treated with obinutuzumab or rituximab plus chemotherapy in the phase III GALLIUM trial (NCT01332968) and 1,287 of 1,418 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treated with obinutuzumab or rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (G-CHOP or R-CHOP) in the phase III GOYA trial (NCT01287741). The prognostic value of tumor NK-cell gene expression, as assessed by whole-transcriptome gene expression using TruSeq RNA sequencing, was also analyzed. The association of baseline variables, such as treatment arm, was evaluated using multivariate Cox regression models using a stepwise approach.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;In this exploratory analysis, low baseline peripheral blood NKCC was associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS) in both follicular lymphoma [hazard ratio (HR), 1.48; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02–2.14; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.04] and DLBCL (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.01–1.83; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.04), and overall survival in follicular lymphoma (HR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.26–3.86; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0058). Low tumor NK-cell gene expression was associated with shorter PFS in G-CHOP–treated patients with DLBCL (HR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.22–3.15; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01).&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;These findings indicate that the number of NK cells in peripheral blood may affect the outcome of patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma receiving anti-CD20–based immunochemotherapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Clinical applications of new advances in occlusal caries diagnosis. (2000)

Because of the difficulties associated with the diagnosis of occlusal caries, many clinicians have adopted the philosophy of "watch and wait". The decision to treat, be it by sealing or cavity preparation, is often made after the caries process is well established, and either bonding techniques fail, or unnecessary sound tooth structure is lost. The current diagnostic model of visual, probe, and radiographic examination is qualitative, subject to operator interpretation, and consequently can produce varied diagnoses from dentists examining the same patient. Recent advances in caries diagnosis and an understanding of the caries process, fissure morphology, and bonding principles allow early intervention. Mirror and probe examination is only 25 percent accurate in detecting early occlusal caries. The use of caries detection dye and laser caries diagnosis raises diagnostic accuracy beyond 90 percent. Hidden caries is now an historic phrase. Early and accurate diagnosis of occlusal caries enables successful prevention and minimal intervention restorative techniques, ending the common evolution from occlusal restorations through to cusp restorations, crowns, and endodontics.
Implementation of a rapid correction algorithm for adaptive optics using a plenoptic sensor (2016)

Adaptive optics relies on the accuracy and speed of a wavefront sensor in order to provide quick corrections to distortions in the optical system. In weaker cases of atmospheric turbulence often encountered in astronomical fields, a traditional Shack-Hartmann sensor has proved to be very effective. However, in cases of stronger atmospheric turbulence often encountered near the surface of the Earth, atmospheric turbulence no longer solely causes small tilts in the wavefront. Instead, lasers passing through strong or “deep” atmospheric turbulence encounter beam breakup, which results in interference effects and discontinuities in the incoming wavefront. In these situations, a Shack-Hartmann sensor can no longer effectively determine the shape of the incoming wavefront. We propose a wavefront reconstruction and correction algorithm based around the plenoptic sensor. The plenoptic sensor’s design allows it to match and exceed the wavefront sensing capabilities of a Shack-Hartmann sensor for our application. Novel wavefront reconstruction algorithms can take advantage of the plenoptic sensor to provide a rapid wavefront reconstruction necessary for real time turbulence. To test the integrity of the plenoptic sensor and its reconstruction algorithms, we use artificially generated turbulence in a lab scale environment to simulate the structure and speed of outdoor atmospheric turbulence. By analyzing the performance of our system with and without the closed-loop plenoptic sensor adaptive optics system, we can show that the plenoptic sensor is effective in mitigating real time lab generated atmospheric turbulence.
Electrical Stimulation and Electrode Properties. Part 2: Pure Metal Electrodes (2010)

Electrical stimulation can cause significant damage to clinical electrodes as well as patient injury. In this study, the effects of stimulation on pure metal electrodes were investigated without the complexities introduced by the multiple elements that make up the clinical electrode. As with the clinical electrodes, there was significant decomposition of pure stainless steel anodes with no associated significant changes in the cathodes when stimulation employed long pulse durations. Effects of stimulation were greater when the anode and cathode were closer under constant voltage stimulation but were distance independent under constant current stimulation. High ionic content of the solution also increased the degree of damage to the anode as did the presence of chloride in the solution. Electrode composition also influenced the amount damage to the anode. Platinum and platinum-iridium electrodes showed no damage with any stimulus while stainless steel showed the lowest resistance to corrosion for direct current (DC) stimulation. Tungsten electrodes behaved very differently than stainless steel, decomposing with pulse stimulation and resisting decomposition during DC stimulation because of the formation of surface protective layers. Because platinum was able to maintain high levels of current over time, prolonged stimulation produced dramatic increases in the temperature of the solution; however, even short periods of stimulation were sufficient to produce dramatic changes in pH in the neighborhood of the electrode.
Workers in Inequality, the Mumbling of Meritocratic Aspiration and Frustration: Based on the Self-Narrative of Production Workers in the 1970s and 1980s (2022)

This thesis is a study analyzing workers’ perceptions of inequality and meritocracy issues through the memoirs left by production workers in Korea in the 1970s and 1980s. In the 1970s and 1980s, workers were in a structure of inequality that included wage gaps between genders, educational backgrounds, and type of occupations, and they reacted sensitively to unequal realities. In particular, the female workers who became factory workers through migration to urban lamented that they had lost the opportunity to build up their education due to poverty, and tried to combine work and study. However, they often found it difficult to continue their studies due to working conditions, including overtime, and, even after graduating from middle school or high school, in most cases, they were merely fulfilling their personal wishes. The real way for production workers to achieve social advancement was to improve their technical skills and get promoted or changed jobs. Since the evaluation of workers was not made solely on their technical proficiency, relationships with managers and conducts were emphasized as evaluation factors. In many cases, workers showed patience in the face of unreasonable instructions and daily violence from middle managers, but internally they were disobedient, and when connected with issues such as dismissal, they took part in collective resistance.
Atividade enzimática e perfil da comunidade bacteriana em solo submetido à solarização e biofumigação (2008)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da solarização e da biofumigação sobre a comunidade microbiana do solo, por meio da atividade da enzima beta-glicosidase e do perfil do 16S rDNA, determinado com PCR-DGGE. A solarização do solo, com cobertura de plástico, foi feita por períodos de dois, quatro e seis meses, e a biofumigação foi realizada pela incorporação de 2 e 5% (v/v) de cama-de-frango ao solo. Logo após a retirada da cobertura de plástico e aos 30 dias após a remoção, a atividade da beta-glicosidase foi menor em relação ao tratamento não solarizado. Aos 60 dias, não foram mais observadas diferenças entre os tratamentos. A adição de cama-de-frango a 5% estimulou a atividade da beta-glicosidase. O perfil da estrutura da comunidade bacteriana foi influenciado pelo tempo de solarização, independentemente da época da retirada da cobertura de plástico. Não foi observado efeito da adição de cama-de-frango ao solo, no perfil da comunidade. A solarização afeta a atividade da beta-glicosidase, mas esses efeitos não são mais detectáveis após 60 dias da retirada da cobertura de plástico, diferentemente do que foi observado em relação à estrutura da comunidade bacteriana por PCR-DGGE. A biofumigação estimula a atividade da beta-glicosidase, mas não afeta o perfil da comunidade microbiana.
Control of Curie Temperature of FePt(Cu) Films Prepared From Pt(Cu)/Fe Bilayers (2008)

Addition of Cu into <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</i> 1 <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> -ordered FePt alloy thin films with (001) preferential orientation results in the change of Curie temperature. Due to these aspects, the films have potential for next-generation high density perpendicular magnetic recording media, especially, heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) media. FePt(Cu) films were fabricated by annealing Pt(Cu)/Fe bilayers prepared by facing targets sputtering. Their magnetic properties were investigated from room temperature to 300 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">deg</sup> C. As a result, it is possible to control Curie temperature from 150 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">deg</sup> C to 250 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">deg</sup> C by changing the amount of Cu in FePt(Cu) films. In addition, we discuss required characteristics of medium for HAMR and mention that the Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">55.3</sub> Pt <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">37.5</sub> (Cu) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7.2</sub> film exhibited favorable characteristics for the HAMR medium.