gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intracellular distribution and pharmacokinetics of daunorubicin in anthracycline-sensitive and -resistant HL-60 cells. (1989)

Anthracycline-sensitive (HL-60) and -resistant (HL-60/AR) cells, which do not overexpress the P-glycoprotein, each transport and distribute daunorubicin (DNR) into distinct intracellular locations, as visualized by digitized video fluorescence microscopy. At pH 7.4, the fluorescence of DNR in HL-60 cells appears distributed diffusely in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. In contrast, HL-60/AR cells show much less fluorescence in the nucleus and cytoplasm; most of the fluorescence localizes first to the Golgi apparatus and is then gradually shifted to the lysosomes and/or mitochondria. In pharmacokinetic studies, HL-60/AR cells exposed to different extracellular concentrations of [14C]DNR consistently accumulated less radioactive drug than the parent HL-60 cells. Incubation of HL-60/AR cells with sodium azide and deoxyglucose blocked the efflux of [14C]DNR and also prevented the shift of DNR fluorescence from the Golgi apparatus to the lysosomes/mitochondria. The efflux and the intracellular shift of DNR could also be inhibited by lowering the temperature to 18 degrees C, which stops endosomal membrane fusion. When DNR was allowed to accumulate in HL-60 or HL-60/AR cells at pH 5 there was an increase in the proportion of drug fluorescence in the membranes of both HL-60 and HL-60/AR cells; a decrease in the amount of drug retained by HL-60, but not by HL-60/AR cells; and a decrease in the cytostatic effects of DNR on both HL-60 and HL-60/AR cells. These data suggest that DNR resistance is associated with a failure of DNR to pass through membranes and to bind to cytoplasmic and nuclear structures. Instead, most of the drug is taken up by the Golgi apparatus from which it is then shifted to the lysosomes or to mitochondria, or out of the cell.
Synthesis and radical polymerization of hydrolytically stable dentin bonding agents (2001)

Acrylic groups containing phosphonic acids were synthesized by ether formation of ethyl α-chloromethylacrylate with hydroxyalkyl phosphonates and subsequent hydrolysis to the corresponding phosphonic acid α-methylsubstituted acrylates. Furthermore, phosphonic acids derived from acrylonitrile and acrylamide were synthesized. The monomers are hydrolytically stable in aqueous ethanol. The radical polymerization of the monofunctional phosphonic acids results in water soluble polymers, whereas in case of a phosphonic acid diacrylate a cross-linked polymer was formed. The most radical polymerizable phosphonic acids can be used to promote the adhesion to dentin.
Dependence of the X-Ray Photoacoustic Signal Intensity of Brass on Sample Thickness and Modulation Frequency (1992)

Hard X-ray photoacoustic signal intensities of brass have been measured in the Cu K-edge region as functions of sample thickness d (from 10 µm to 300 µm) and modulation frequency f (from 5 Hz to 50 Hz). The photoacoustic signal intensities are proportional to d -1 for each modulation frequency. The X-ray photoacoustic signal varies as f -1.0 up to a sample thickness of 20 µm, whereas it varies as f -0.5 beyond the sample thickness of 20 µm.
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in primary and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (2000)

The objective of this study was to characterize and compare the proton magnetic resonance spectrum of a voxel, containing lesions or normal-appearing white matter (NAWM), in primary-progressive (PP) and secondary-progressive (SP) multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Single-voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging were performed in 35 MS patients (17 PP and 18 SP) and 17 controls. Spectra from an 8 ml voxel located in the parieto-occipital region were obtained with a spin-echo pulse sequence (1600 ms/135 ms/256, TR/TE/acquisitions). Resonance areas due to N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine/phosphocreatine (Cr) and choline compounds (Cho) were determined, and results expressed in terms of area in arbitrary units or as metabolite ratios. With respect to the control group, there were significant reductions in NAA and NAA/Cho ratio in the PP–lesion, SP–lesion, PP–NAWM and SP–NAWM groups. There were no significant differences between the PP–NAWM and SP–NAWM groups. These results support the existence of metabolic changes in the white matter of PP and SP patients and suggest that there is neuronal damage and/or loss in both clinical courses. Finally, characterization of the parieto-occipital region showed no significant differences in the spectral pattern of NAWM between PP and SP clinical courses of MS. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hematopoiesis and Thymic Apoptosis Are Not Affected by the Loss of Cdk2 (2007)

Cell cycle regulation is essential for proper homeostasis of hematopoietic cells. Cdk2 is a major regulator of S phase entry, is activated by mitogenic cytokines, and has been suggested to be involved in antigen-induced apoptosis of T lymphocytes. The role of Cdk2 in hematopoietic cells and apoptosis in vivo has not yet been addressed. To determine whether Cdk2 plays a role in these cells, we performed multiple analyses of bone marrow cells, thymocytes, and splenocytes from Cdk2 knockout mice. We found that Cdk2 is not required in vivo to induce apoptosis in lymphocytes, a result that differs from previous pharmacological in vitro studies. Furthermore, thymocyte maturation was not affected by the lack of Cdk2. We then analyzed the hematopoietic stem cell compartment and found similar proportions of stem cells and progenitors in Cdk2(-)(/)(-) and wild-type animals. Knockouts of Cdk2 inhibitors (p21, p27) affect stem cell renewal, but a competitive graft experiment indicated that renewal and multilineage differentiation are normal in the absence of Cdk2. Finally, we stimulated T lymphocytes or macrophages to induce proliferation and observed normal reactivation of Cdk2(-)(/)(-) quiescent cells. Our results indicate that Cdk2 is not required for proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells in vivo, although in vitro analyses consider Cdk2 to be a major player in proliferation and apoptosis in these cells and a potential target for therapy.
SOME DERIVATIVES OF α-AMYLCINNAMIC ACID (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSOME DERIVATIVES OF α-AMYLCINNAMIC ACIDHARRY L. YALECite this: J. Org. Chem. 1951, 16, 5, 713–715Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01145a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01145a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views41Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
New generation of bisphosphonates: broad clinical utility in breast and prostate cancer. (2004)

Cancer treatment-induced bone loss is an emerging problem for patients with breast and prostate cancer, who are often treated with cancer therapies earlier in the disease process. Bone loss associated with cancer therapy can also progress rapidly and may cause significant morbidity in these patients. Many patients with metastatic prostate or breast cancer develop bone metastases and subsequent skeletal-related events. Studies suggest that bisphosphonates can maintain bone health when introduced early in the continuum of cancer care. They have shown efficacy in the prevention of bone loss and the more potent i.v. bisphosphonate, zoledronic acid, has prevented bone loss in addition to increasing BMD in prostate cancer patients with cancer treatment-induced bone loss. Intravenous zoledronic acid or pamidronate can be considered the standard of care for the treatment of osteolytic bone metastases in breast cancer. Clinical trials addressing the treatment of bone metastases related to prostate cancer have shown zoledronic acid to be the only bisphosphonate to have a significant positive effect on skeletal-related events.
Dengue Virus Type 1 Nonstructural Glycoprotein NS1 Is Secreted from Mammalian Cells as a Soluble Hexamer in a Glycosylation-Dependent Fashion (1999)

Nonstructural glycoprotein NS1, specified by dengue virus type 1 (Den-1), is secreted from infected green monkey kidney (Vero) cells in a major soluble form characterized by biochemical and biophysical means as a unique hexameric species. This noncovalently bound oligomer is formed by three dimeric subunits and has a molecular mass of 310 kDa and a Stokes radius of 64.4 A. During protein export, one of the two oligosaccharides of NS1 is processed into an endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase F-resistant complex-type sugar while the other remains of the polymannose type, protected in the dimeric subunit from the action of maturation enzymes. Complete processing of the complex-type sugar appears to be required for efficient release of soluble NS1 into the culture fluid of infected cells, as suggested by the repressive effects of the N-glycan processing inhibitors swainsonine and deoxymannojyrimicin. These results, together with observations related to the absence of secretion of NS1 from Den-infected insect cells, suggest that maturation and secretion of hexameric NS1 depend on the glycosylation status of the host cell.
The genes for three xylan-degrading activities from Bacteroides ovatus are clustered in a 3.8-kilobase region (1990)

Genes coding for three xylan-degrading activities, xylanase, xylosidase, and arabinosidase, were simultaneously cloned from the colonic anaerobic organism Bacteriodes ovatus. The genes for the three enzymes were located on a 3.8-kilobase EcoRI genomic insert and were cloned by using plasmid pUC18. All three activities were expressed in Escherichia coli JM83, and all were cell associated. Expression of the xylanase gene was independent from expression of the xylosidase and arabinosidase genes, whereas expression of the latter two genes appeared to be coordinated. Restriction endonuclease analysis of the arabinosidase and xylosidase genes and partial purification of these enzyme activities from E. coli suggested that these activities were catalyzed by a bifunctional protein or two proteins of very similar molecular weight. All three enzyme activities were regulated in B. ovatus in response to the carbon source used for growth. This is the first report of the cloning and expression of B. ovatus genes.
Complex oxides useful for thermoelectric energy conversion (2023)

The invention provides for a thermoelectric system comprising a substrate comprising a first complex oxide, wherein the substrate is optionally embedded with a second complex oxide. The thermoelectric system can be used for thermoelectric power generation or thermoelectric cooling.
Inflammatory cutaneous lesions and pulmonary manifestations in a new patient with autosomal recessive ISG15 deficiency case report (2020)

Abstract Interferon-stimulated gene 15 ( ISG15) was the first ubiquitin-like modifier protein identified that acts by protein conjugation (ISGylation) and is thought to modulate IFN-induced inflammation. Here, we report a new patient from a non-consanguineous Argentinian family, who was followed for recurrent ulcerative skin lesions, cerebral calcifications and lung disease. Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) revealed two novel compound heterozygous variants (c.285del and c.299_312del, NM_005101.4 GRCh37(hg19), both classified as pathogenic according to ACMG criteria) in the ISG15 gene, resulting in a complete deficiency due to disruption of the second ubiquitin domain of the corresponding protein. The clinical phenotype of this patient is unique given the presence of recurrent pulmonary manifestations and the absence of mycobacterial infections, thus resulting in a phenotype distinct from that previously described in patients with biallelic loss-of-function (LOF) ISG15 variants. This case highlights the role of ISG15 as an immunomodulating factor whose LOF variants result in heterogeneous clinical presentations.
Li-Ion Battery Electrode Contact Resistance Estimation by Mechanical Peel Test (2022)

Li-ion battery electrode electronic properties, including bulk conductivity and contact resistance, are critical parameters affecting cell performance and fast-charge capability. Contact resistance between the coating and current collector is often the largest electronic resistance in an electrode and is affected by chemical, microstructural, and interfacial variations. Direct measurements of contact resistance and bulk conductivity have proven to be challenging. In their absence, a mechanical electrode peel test is often used to compare adhesion and electrical contact resistance. However, using a micro-flexible-surface probe, contact resistance can be directly determined. This work compares contact resistance and mechanical peel strength of multiple commercial-grade HE5050 and NCM523 cathodes and graphite and silicon anodes. It was found that peel strength correlates well with contact resistance in a carefully curated data set (p &lt; 0.05) and in some situations may be a good metric to estimate electrical properties. However, there were distinct outliers in the data set, indicating that peel strength may not accurately reflect electrical properties when there is significant variation in electrode composition. These results illustrate the value of the micro-flexible-surface probe in quantifying contact resistance and bulk conductivity to better understand how battery composition and processing steps affect microstructure and resulting cell performance.
Vacancy migration in hexagonal boron nitride (2007)

Activation energies and reaction paths for diffusion and nucleation of mono- and divacancy defects in hexagonal boron nitride layers are theoretically investigated. Migration paths are derived using the nudged elastic band method combined with density-functional-based techniques. We find a different behavior for migration of single boron and nitrogen vacancies with the existence of intermediate metastable states along the migration paths. The temperature dependence of entropic and vibrational contributions to the free Gibbs energies is explicitly taken in account. A rich phase diagram for vacancy migration is then obtained. Boron vacancies are first thermally activated and can migrate to form more stable BN divacancies. At high temperatures, the divacancies can further be activated. In the contrary, nitrogen vacancy migration is energetically unfavorable within all the temperature range below the melting point of h-BN.
Large electrostrictive effect and strong photoluminescence properties in Sm2O3-modified lead-free potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramics (2020)

In this work, the phase transition behavior and electrostrictive and photoluminescence properties of Sm2O3-modified 0.965(K0.48Na0.52)(Nb0.95Sb0.05)–0.035Bi0.5(Na0.82K0.18)0.5HfO3 (KNNS–0.035BNKH) ceramics were investigated. Results showed that the phase structure of the Sm2O3-modified ceramics evolved from coexisting orthogonal and tetragonal ferroelectric phases to a relaxor pseudocubic phase along with the strong destruction of the long-range ferroelectric order. Domain switching in Sm-modified ceramics with a relaxor pseudocubic phase became difficult, evident from the PFM images. Consequently, large electrostrictive effect with an electrostrictive coefficient of 0.022 m4/C2 was obtained in 1.0 mol% Sm-modified samples. With regard to long-term stability, the materials exhibited temperature-independent (20–100 °C) and fatigue−free (up to 105 cycles) behavior, which guarantees their application in various devices. The KNNS–0.035BNKH–xSm ceramics have the advantages of photoluminescence performance with bright orange emission under 407 nm visible light excitation. Overall, KNNS−0.035BNKH−xSm ceramics have broad application prospects in multifunction devices due to their large electrostrictive effect, excellent photoluminescence performance, and long-term stability.
low molecular weight heparin in rabbits The relationship between the hemorrhagic and antithrombotic properties of (2011)

Summary of Ear Blood Loss Expe riments in Rabbits Treate d With Saline Placebo Standard Heparin. or Dep 1MW Heparin Blood Loss Heparin LevelEar Blood Loss Difference p (Anti-Xa U/rn). ‘7 Treatments (ml) (ml) Value ± 1 SD(13 Standard heparin 0.053vs 0.047 0.5 NDSaline 0.004610 Standard heparin 0.087 3.3 ± 0.5vs 0.057 <0.02Dep LMW heparin 0.030 3.7 ± 0.7Both heparins were given as a 500 USP U bolus.ND, not determined. The heparin levels are in coagulation anti-Xa units (see text).Standard heparin vs Dep LMW heparin levels, p < 0.05 (paired t test). Hemorrhagic EffectsAt a USP dose of 500 U per rabbit, both heparinscaused significantly increased bleeding compared withsaline placebo (Table I ). The amount of blood lostfrom ear to ear after saline injection was very similar.When compared directly in the same animal after theadministration of 500 USP U of each hepanin, thestandard hepanin produced a significantly greateramount of blood loss than the Dep LMW hepanin (p
Purification and characterization of p27, a protein from hepatocyte chromatin Evidence suggesting that it binds selectively to guanine‐rich single‐stranded DNA (1993)

A protein designated p27 that binds preferentially to single-stranded DNA rich in guanine tracts was purified to near homogeneity from rabbit hepatocyte non-histone protein extract. Purified p27 migrated as a 27 kDa polypeptide on denaturing SDS-PAGE and displayed a native molecular mass of approximately 155 kDa on Sephadex G-150 or Sepharose 6B-Cl gel filtration columns. Gel shift analysis indicated that maximum binding of p27 to single-stranded DNA required the presence of tracts of four or more contiguous guanine residues. The lowest found dissociation constant, 1.4 x 10(-8) M/l, was for single-stranded DNA that contained a (dG)17 run.
All-optical storage of a picosecond-pulse packet using parametric amplification: demonstration of single-shot loading (2002)

Summary form only given. Summary form only given. Optical storage buffers are expected to be an important component in high-speed time-division multiplexed (TDM) optical networks. Storage loops capable of up to 80 GHz bit rates have been demonstrated; however, these require either direct amplitude modulation or indirect optical modulation via cross-gain saturation to maintain the bit timing. Such devices have made use of Er-doped fiber amplifiers to compensate for the linear loss and require filtering to suppress the amplified spontaneous emission noise. We have recently demonstrated all-optical storage of a picosecond-pulse packet in a fiber buffer that made use of a fiber-optic phase-sensitive parametric amplifier (PSA) to overcome the loss. Recently, the use of PSAs for amplitude noise suppression and, with independent phase-locked sources, for in-line amplification has been demonstrated. In this paper we present further results pertaining to our demonstration of the use of a PSA in a fiber buffer that can store picosecond-pulse packets of ones and zeros. In particular, we present data showing single-shot loading of the injected packet.
FAT, E-cadherin, β catenin, HER 2/neu, Ki67 immunoexpression, and histological grade in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (2005)

Reduced immuno-expression of E-cadherin and FAT at their normal membranous location may be potential prognostic markers, and the overexpression of HER 2/neu and beta catenin nuclear translocation may have a role in cholangiocarcinogenesis.
Mobilization of Specific Neuropeptides by Peripheral Stimulation of Identified Frequencies (1992)

Three families of endogenous opioid peptides have been characterized in the CNS: enkephalins, endorphins and dynorphins. These can be mobilized by peripheral electrical stimulation. Stimulation at 2 Hz may accelerate the release of enkephalins and Beta-endorphin, whereas 100 Hz is most effective in releasing dynorphin.
Amyloid-β Peptides are Generated in Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes (2014)

Extracellular aggregates of amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) are a hallmark in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains. Recent findings suggest that Aβ is generated intracellularly and potential production sites include endosomes and trans-Golgi network. We determined the production of Aβ in subcellular fractions isolated from mouse brain. We found that a considerable amount of Aβ is produced at mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact sites including outer mitochondrial membrane and mitochondria-associated ER membranes. Enhanced Aβ production at this site may disturb ER, mitochondrial and mitochondria-ER contact site function. This may be one key step in the cascade of events eventually leading to neurodegeneration in AD.
Table S3 from HPV Integration in HNSCC Correlates with Survival Outcomes, Immune Response Signatures, and Candidate Drivers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Network statistics for network constructed from 89 genes with/near integration events.&lt;/p&gt;
Elevated colonic microbiota-associated paucimannosidic and truncated N-glycans in pediatric ulcerative colitis (2021)

Abstract Pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC) is a distinct type of inflammatory bowel disease with severe disease activity and rapid progression, which can lead to detrimental life-long consequences. The pathogenesis of pediatric UC remains unclear, although dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been considered an important factor. In this study, we used mass spectrometry-based glycomic approaches to examine the N-glycans that were associated with the intestinal mucosal-luminal interface microbiota cells of treatment-naïve pediatric UC or control patients. We observed abundant paucimannosidic and other truncated N-glycans that were associated with the microbiota and found that the pediatric UC microbiota samples contained significantly higher levels of these atypical N-glycans compared to those of controls. This study indicates that intestinal N-glycans may be used as novel UC biomarker candidates and the aberrant metabolism of glycans by gut microbiota may be involved in the pathogenesis of UC in children.
Experimental and Theoretical Study of Polarization Dependent Loss in a Optical Recirculation Loop (2011)

An investigation of Polarization Dependent Loss (PDL) behavior is performed in an Recirculation Loop (RCL) experimental apparatus. The RCL allows to simulate the transmission for several links of fiber with only one line amplifier, some filters and devices for tests and a fiber coil, with a very lesser cost. The PDL statistical nature turns its accumulated contribution in the RCL different from the sum of each different elements contributions, therefore the alignment of the elements with PDL changes, depending on the ambient conditions as tensions and temperature. Theoretical analyses are also performed using the Jones and Mueller matrix approach to represent each element in the loop. The PDL in the devices must be characterized correctly, with the objective to foresee the impact in the performance of the new generations of systems DWDM. Experimental errors are considered in the theoretical results and compared with experimental ones. A 7% depolarization most likely due to optical amplifier amplified spontaneous emission is identified in the experimental apparatus.