gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3D CNNs on Distance Matrices for Human Action Recognition (2017)

In this paper we are interested in recognizing human actions from sequences of 3D skeleton data. For this purpose we combine a 3D Convolutional Neural Network with body representations based on Euclidean Distance Matrices (EDMs), which have been recently shown to be very effective to capture the geometric structure of the human pose. One inherent limitation of the EDMs, however, is that they are defined up to a permutation of the skeleton joints, i.e., randomly shuffling the ordering of the joints yields many different representations. In oder to address this issue we introduce a novel architecture that simultaneously, and in an end-to-end manner, learns an optimal transformation of the joints, while optimizing the rest of parameters of the convolutional network. The proposed approach achieves state-of-the-art results on 3 benchmarks, including the recent NTU RGB-D dataset, for which we improve on previous LSTM-based methods by more than 10 percentage points, also surpassing other CNN-based methods while using almost 1000 times fewer parameters.
A model for structured information representation in neural networks (2016)

Humans possess the capability to reason at an abstract level and to structure information into abstract categories, but the underlying neural processes have remained unknown. Experimental evidence has recently emerged for the organization of an important aspect of abstract reasoning: for assigning words to semantic roles in a sentence, such as agent (or subject) and patient (or object). Using minimal assumptions, we show how such a binding of words to semantic roles emerges in a generic spiking neural network through Hebbian plasticity. The resulting model is consistent with the experimental data and enables new computational functionalities such as structured information retrieval, copying data, and comparisons. It thus provides a basis for the implementation of more demanding cognitive computations by networks of spiking neurons.
Modelization of the whispering gallery mode in microgear resonators using the Floquet-Bloch formalism (2005)

In this paper, a two-dimensional (2-D) method describing the whispering gallery mode in a microgear resonator is presented. The microgear is a microdisk surrounded by a circular grating. The method, which is based on the Floquet-Bloch formalism, analytically describes the field within the disk and outside the grating. On the other hand, the field within the grating is calculated using a finite-difference scheme in polar coordinates. Matching the boundary conditions, it is possible to work in a forced oscillation regime or in a free oscillation regime (laser mode). The resonant wavelength and quality factor can then be deduced. Compared to the coupled mode theory and to 2-D finite-difference time-domain computations, the method is faster and more accurate. Moreover, a polarization effect of the microgear is demonstrated. The TE polarization experiences a Q-factor improvement contrary to TM polarization. Finally, microgear structures prove to be more efficient than micro flowers.
Centrifugal analysis with automated sequential reagent addition: measurement of serum calcium. (1981)

Abstract We describe an automated method for calcium assay, for use with the Cobas-Bio centrifugal analyzer. Calcium is reacted with cresolphthalein complexone and the absorbance of the calcium--dye complex at 575 nm is measured. EDTA is then added to break up the calcium--dye complex and the absorbance at 575 nm is re-measured, to correct for endogenous color and turbidity. Day-to-day precision data, determined over four months, were as follows: mean = 92.9 mg/L, CV = 1.47%; n = 216; mean = 128.7 mg/L, CV = 1.72%; n = 216. Comparison of the Cobas-Bio method (y) with an atomic absorption spectrometric method (x) gave the following results: y = 1.012x--2.05, r = 0.991, Sy/x = 1.2, mean x = 92.63 mg/L, mean y = 91.69 mg/L, n = 74. Hemoglobin, bilirubin, or turbidity does not interfere. At the medical decision value (110 mg/L), the overall analytical error is 4.6 mg/L, which is less than the 5 mg/L allowable (95% confidence limit) error.
Isolation between internal UMTS and WLAN antennas for a dual-mode wireless device (2006)

Isolation performances of the internal (universal mobile telecom- munications system (UMTS) and wireless local area networks (WLAN) antennas (one patch planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) and one strip PIFA) embedded in a wireless device (such as a mobile phone or PDA phone) for cellular/WLAN dual-mode operations are studied. Results indicate that the isolation S21 between the two antennas is strongly controlled by their relative position in the system ground plane of the wireless device and varies in a wide range of larger than 20 dB (from about −10 dB to less than −30 dB). In addition, the isolation is found to be strongly related to the excited surface current distributions in the system ground plane. Measured and simulated results are presented, and the isolation performances are analyzed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 2001–2008, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21846
Controlled trial of bright light and negative air ions for chronic depression (2005)

Both bright light and negative air ions are effective for treatment of chronic depression. Remission rates are similar to those for SAD, but without a seasonal dependency or apparent mediation by circadian rhythm phase shifts. Combination treatment with antidepressant drugs may further enhance clinical response.
Efficient high-power continuous-wave operation of monomode Tm-doped fibre laser at 2μm pumped by Nd:YAG laser at 1.064μm (1989)

We describe the efficient 2μm operation of a monomode Tm3+-doped silica-based fibre laser pumped with a Nd:YAG laser at 1.06μm. The maximum fibre laser output power was 51 mW at 2.038μm for an absorbed pump power of 230 mW. The threshold power was 60 mW absorbed and the slope efficiency with respect to absorbed power was 30%
Methylazoxymethanol microencephaly in rats: neurochemical characterization and behavioral studies with the nootropic oxiracetam. (1984)

The administration of methylazoxymethanol (MAM) to pregnant rats induced a marked reduction in the weight of the offspring's brain. This reduction was due to aplasia of the cortex and hippocampus, whose thicknesses were 50% of those of control animals. A significant reduction was also observed in the striatum. This aplasia could be ascribed to the antimitotic effect of MAM, which, when given at gestational day 15, prevented the development of neurons in the three brain areas mentioned. Indeed, we infer here that the total number of GABA-receptor complexes, as measured by [3H]muscimol and [3H]flunitrazepam binding, was reduced to the same degree as was the weight of the cortex. Similarly, total [3H]haloperidol binding sites were reduced in the striatum. From the behavioral point of view, offspring of MAM-treated rats (MAM rats) showed impaired acquisition in the water-maze and pole-climbing tests, indicating that this brain aplasia had disrupted cognitive processes. In contrast, these animals showed normal growth, and grossly their behavior appeared normal. Oxiracetam, a new compound that belongs to the recently described class of nootropic drugs, was able to restore acquisition processes in MAM rats. We propose therefore that MAM rats might become an interesting and quite simple animal model for evaluation of new acquisition-enhancing drugs. Moreover, this model could also be useful to study the neurochemical correlates of cognitive processes.
Second Harmonic Generation in Poled Tellurite Glasses (1993)

Second harmonic generation has been observed in electrically poled tellurite glasses with 80TeO 2 ·10Li 2 O·10Nb 2 O 5 and 70TeO 2 ·15Li 2 O·15Nb 2 O 5 compositions. The poling was carried out at 200 to 300°C for 30 min under applied dc field of 4 to 5 kV. To explain the mechanism generating the second-order nonlinearity in the poled tellurite glasses, it is proposed that strong local polarization is caused by migration of lithium ions and/or periodic orientation of lone pairs of electrons in the tellurium ions.
DIEP VERSUS TRAM FOR BREAST RECONSTRUCTION (2003)

Section of Plastic Surgery Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center 1542 Tulane Avenue New Orleans, La. 70112-2822
Design and Error Analysis of a Compact T/R Module for PWG Measurement System (2022)

In this paper, a compact T/R Module is designed and fabricated for the PWG which is used for the antenna measurement. The amplitude and phase distributions of source elements are synthesized using the hybridization of the Least Squares Method (LSM) and Genetic Algorithm (GA). Based on the synthesized distribution and the measurement results of the fabricated T/R module consisting of a phase shifter, two RF switches, and two VGAs, some inherent errors such as quadrature errors, system errors, and random errors are investigated. Based on the investigated results, we can see that the performance of the PWG is robust enough and can be used in antenna measurement with acceptable accuracy.
Differential effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on marrow- and blood-derived hematopoietic and immune cell populations in healthy human donors (2004)

A recent phase III trial comparing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-stimulated bone marrow (G-BM) and G-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood (G-PB) in matched sibling allograft recipients showed that G-BM produced a similar hematologic recovery but a reduced incidence of extensive chronic graft-versus-host disease, indicating differences in the cell populations infused. As a first step toward identifying these differences, we treated a group of healthy adult humans with 4 daily doses of G-CSF 10 μg/kg and monitored the effects on various hematopoietic and immune cell types in the PB and BM over 12 days. G-CSF treatment caused rapid and large but transient increases in the number of circulating CD34+ cells, colony-forming cells, and long-term culture-initiating cells and in the short-term repopulating activity detectable in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency/β2-microglobulin-null mice. Similar but generally less marked changes occurred in the same cell populations in the BM. G-CSF also caused transient perturbations in some immune cell types in both PB and BM: these included a greater increase in the frequency of naive B cells and CD123+ dendritic cells in the BM. The rapidity of the effects of G-CSF on the early progenitor activity of the BM provides a rationale for the apparent equivalence in rates of hematologic recovery obtained with G-BM and G-PB allotransplants. Accompanying effects on immune cell populations are consistent with a greater ability of G-BM to promote tolerance in allogeneic recipients, and this could contribute to a lower rate of chronic graft-versus-host disease.
Fiber Bragg grating optochemical sensor basing on evanescent-field interaction with surface plasmon waves (2009)

Fiber Bragg grating sensors in side-polished optical fiber are sensitive to an external analyte by evanescent field interaction. Deposition of sensor-specific transducer layers can advance such fiber Bragg grating refractometer to the optochemical monitoring of specific substances: absorbed gases, vapors, and adsorbed biomolecules as well. Refractive index range of highest sensitivity can be adjusted to the analyte medium of interest by proper construction of the multilayer waveguide. A specific application example aims at hydrogen detection using a palladium thin film transducer.
Halogenotrinitromethanes: A Combined Study in the Crystalline and Gaseous Phase and Using Quantum Chemical Methods (2014)

The halogenotrinitromethanes FC(NO2 )3 (1), BrC(NO2 )3 (2), and IC(NO2)3 (3) were synthesized and fully characterized. The molecular structures of 1-3 were determined in the crystalline state by X-ray diffraction, and gas-phase structures of 1 and 2 were determined by electron diffraction. The Hal-C bond lengths in F-, Cl-, and Br-C(NO2 )3 in the crystalline state are similar to those in the gas phase. The obtained experimental data are interpreted in terms of Natural Bond Orbitals (NBO), Atoms in Molecules (AIM), and Interacting Quantum Atoms (IQA) theories. All halogenotrinitromethanes show various intra- and intermolecular non-bonded interactions. Intramolecular N⋅⋅⋅O and Hal⋅⋅⋅O (Hal=F (1), Br (2), I (3)) interactions, both competitors in terms of the orientation of the nitro groups by rotation about the C-N bonds, lead to a propeller-type twisting of these groups favoring the mentioned interactions. The origin of the unusually short Hal-C bonds is discussed in detail. The results of this study are compared to the molecular structure of ClC(NO2 )3 and the respective interactions therein.
A multipole expansion model for compact ferrous object detection (1990)

Location and identification of compact ferrous objects is of major concern for detection of vehicles, submarines, achaeological objects, buried or hidden explosive objects, geological ore inclusions and inclusions in the human body. In principle, measurement of the spatial variation of the magnetostatic field associated with a compact ferrous object may be used to locate and identify the object and considerable success has been achieved in this area [1].
General-purpose object recognition in 3D volume data sets using gray-scale invariants - classification of airborne pollen-grains recorded with a confocal laser scanning microscope (2003)

A technique is described which may be employed to establish a fully automated system for the recognition of airborne pollens. As different pollen taxa have only marginal differences, a full 3D volume data set of the pollen grain was recorded with a confocal laser scanning microscope (LSM) at a voxel size of about (0.2 /spl mu/m)/sup 3/. This represents an intrinsic and complete data set. 14 invariant gray-scale features based on an integration over the 3D Euclidian transformation group with nonlinear kernels were extracted from these volume data sets. The classification was done with support vector machines. The use of these general gray scale features allows one to easily adapt the system to other objectives (e.g., pollen of a special area) or even other objects than pollen (e.g., spores, bacteria, etc.) just by exchanging the reference database. When using a reference database with the 26 most important German pollen taxa (385 samples), the recognition rate is 92%. With a special database for allergological purposes recognizing only Corylus, Alnus, Betula, Poaceae, Secale, Artemisia and "allergological nonrelevant", the recognition rate is 97.4%.
Structured regression models for high-dimensional spatial spectroscopy data (2017)

Modeling and analysis of spectroscopy data is an active area of research with applications to chemistry and biology. This paper focuses on modelling high-dimensional spectra for the purpose of noise reduction and prediction in problems where the spectra can be used as covariates. We propose a functional representation of the spectra as well as functional regression model that accommodates multiple spatial dimensions. Both steps emphasize sparsity to reduce the number of parameters and mitigate over-fitting. The motivating application for these models, discussed in some detail, is predicting bone-mineral-density (BMD), an important indicator of fracture healing, from Raman spectra, in both the in vivo and ex vivo settings of a bone fracture healing experiment. To illustrate the general applicability of the method, we also use it to predict lipoprotein concentrations from spectra obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
Divergence Frontiers for Generative Models: Sample Complexity, Quantization Level, and Frontier Integral (2021)

The spectacular success of deep generative models calls for quantitative tools to measure their statistical performance. Divergence frontiers have recently been proposed as an evaluation framework for generative models, due to their ability to measure the quality-diversity trade-off inherent to deep generative modeling. However, the statistical behavior of divergence frontiers estimated from data remains unknown to this day. In this paper, we establish non-asymptotic bounds on the sample complexity of the plug-in estimator of divergence frontiers. Along the way, we introduce a novel integral summary of divergence frontiers. We derive the corresponding non-asymptotic bounds and discuss the choice of the quantization level by balancing the two types of approximation errors arisen from its computation. We also augment the divergence frontier framework by investigating the statistical performance of smoothed distribution estimators such as the Good-Turing estimator. We illustrate the theoretical results with numerical examples from natural language processing and computer vision.
Modulated scatterer microwave telemetry inside automobile engines and transmissions (2002)

Measuring temperature and pressure inside automobile engines and transmissions poses a difficult set of problems. Since the measurement transducers are mounted on moving parts inside sealed housings, it is generally impossible to simply connect the transducers to the laboratory instrumentation with wires. We have had some success with infrared telemetry links for piston-mounted transducers with the infrared receiver mounted inside the engine crankcase, but optical scattering in the oil-covered engine is very low, so a short-direct path between the infrared LED and receiver is needed. Inside an automatic transmission there are no direct paths, so an alternative telemetry link that can propagate around corners must be used. Other constraints on the telemetry system are operation in a severe mechanical environment with high temperature, pressure and vibration; small size and weight so that the instrument package does not interfere with the operation of the engine or transmission; and long battery life, since the engine or transmission must be disassembled to change batteries. Our current telemetry systems use either low-powered FM transmitters or modulated scatterers operating between 2 and 3 GHz. Since the entire environment is electromagnetically enclosed, there is no potential for interference to or from other services operating at these frequencies.
A portable fluorescent sensing system using multiple LEDs (2017)

This paper presents a portable fluorescent sensing system that utilizes different light emitting diode (LED) excitation lights for multiple target detection. In order to identify different analytes, three different wavelengths (385 nm, 448 nm, and 590 nm) of excitation light emitting diodes were used to selectively stimulate the target analytes. A highly sensitive silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) was used to detect corresponding fluorescent signals from each analyte. Based on the unique fluorescent response of each analyte, it is possible to simultaneously differentiate one analyte from the other in a mixture of target analytes. A portable system was designed and fabricated consisting of a display module, battery, data storage card, and sample loading tray into a compact 3D-printed jig. The portable sensor system was demonstrated for quantification and differentiation of microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) and cyanobacteria (Spirulina) by measuring fluorescent responses of chlorophyll a in microalgae and phycocyanin in cyanobacteria. Obtained results suggest that the developed portable sensor system could be used as a generic fluorescence sensor platform for on-site detection of multiple analytes of interest.
System for interrelating sound transducers or sound sources and their environment (1986)

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Generation of biofuel from anaerobic digestion of Scenedesmus obliquus grown in energetic‐laden industrial wastewater: Understanding microalgae strains, co‐digestants, and digestate toxicity (2022)

Abstract Microalgae as a substrate for anaerobic digestion (AD) offer promising outcomes over other conventional feedstocks. In this work, the generation of biofuel in the form of biogas via AD using wastewater‐grown microalgae was investigated. In particular, batch screening of different microalga strains and co‐substrates, culminated into the evaluation of biomethane potential (BMP) from AD of Scenedesmus obliquus grown in energetic‐laden wastewater through benchtop‐scale semi‐continuous reactor. Effectiveness of AD was evaluated for biogas yield, volatile solids (VS) removal, and kinetics for various microalga strains as potential substrate candidates. High carbon content co‐digestants were also investigated including return activated sludge and waste office pulped paper. At semi‐continuous scale, the specific BMPs associated with of 15, 20, and 30 days hydraulic residence times (HRT) were determined as 67.0, 86.6, and 86.3 ml CH 4 /g VS (added) with average methane content of 70%. In addition, toxicological assessments showed that AD effluent was benign towards renew growth of biomass, thus showing the potential for nutrients recover.
Caractérisation physico-chimique de couches minces de niobium déposées par pulvérisation magnétron sur la surface interne de cavités électromagnétiques accélératrices (1993)

Les performances energetiques des cavites acceleratrices supraconductrices en cuivre massif recouvertes interieurement d'un film de niobium, dependent de la resistivite dudit film a basse temperature. Cette resistivite est elle-meme fonction de la nature et de la quantite des defauts introduits dans les films durant leur elaboration par pulverisation magnetron. Des films de rapport resistif residuel (RRR) d'environ 60 ont ete produits sur des substrats de cuivre prealablement recuit, s:simultanement a des films de RRR d’environ 20, deposes sur cuivre non recuit. Divers moyens de caracterisation ont ete mis en œuvre sur les deux types de films, afin de determiner quels sont les defauts majoritairement responsables de leur resistivite. Les observations en microscopie electronique revelent que seuls les films de forts RRR presentent des grains en relation d'epitaxie avec le substrat la taille moyenne de ces grains est de deux a trois fois plus importante que pour les films de RRR faibles. Les mesures par diffraction X montrent que les deformations et micro-deformations sont sensiblement egales pour les deux types d'echantillons. Il en est de meme de la teneur en argon des films mesuree par thermo-desorption. Les tentatives de masure des teneurs en impuretes interstitielles se sent revelees infructueuses. Il est cependant que la resistivite des films n'etant pas en epitaxie sur le substrat, est due aux joints de grains, la. Resistivite specifique moyenne de ces derniers etant comprise entre 3 et 4. E ( -16) Ohm metre carre. Ces travaux montrent que l’amelioration des couches de niobium des cavites passe par une optimisation de la preparat1on du substrat en cuivre.
Compact 340 GHz homodyne transceiver modules for FMWC imaging radar arrays (2016)

We present a solution where one single LO chain is used to feed a homodyne FMCW radar transceiver. An InGaAs pHEMT active frequency multiplier MMIC (x8) and a Schottky diode frequency doubler make up the LO chain. The novel Schottky diode based transceiver operates both as a frequency multiplier (x2) and as a sub-harmonic mixer. The modules operate at a center frequency of 340 GHz with a 30 GHz modulation bandwidth. An output power of 0 dBm, an IF noise level of -168 dBm/Hz and a receiver conversion loss of 18 dB is achieved in the band. The form factor of the modules is adapted to build one- or two-dimensional FMCW radar arrays. State of the art system performance is achieved while system complexity, size and cost is significantly reduced.