gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using in situ synchrotron radiation wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) to study CaCO3 scale formation at ambient and elevated temperature (2007)

The formation of calcium carbonate mineral scale is a persistent and expensive problem in oil and gas production, water piping systems, power generator, and batch precipitation. The aim of this paper is to further the understanding of scale formation and inhibition by in situ probing of crystal growth by synchrotron radiation wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) at ambient and elevated temperature. This novel technique enables in situ study of mineral scale formation and inhibition and as such, information on the nucleation and growth processes are accessible. This technique studies bulk precipitation and surface deposition in the same system and will be of great benefit to the understanding of an industrial scaling system. It offers an exciting prospect for the study of scaling. It has been shown that the nucleation and growth of various calcareous polymorphs and their individual crystal planes can be followed in real-time and from this the following conclusions are reached. The process of scale deposition on the surface can be divided into an unstable phase and a stable phase. The initial phase of crystallization of calcium carbonate is characterized by instability with individual planes from various vaterite and aragonite polymorphs emerging and subsequently disappearing under the hydrodynamic conditions. After the initial unstable phase, various calcium carbonate crystal planes adhere on the surface and then grow on the surface. At 25 degrees C, the main plane of surface deposit is calcite and a strong (104) peak is detected. The other calcite planes (102), (006), (110) (113) and (202) are hardly detectable under this condition. At 80 degrees C, the main planes in the surface deposit are the (104), (113) and (110) planes of calcite. Stable planes of vaterite and aragonite are also observed. This paper will discuss how surface scale evolves--exploring the power of the synchrotron in situ methodology.
Eine neue Generation multimodal sichtbarer Embolisatpartikel: Automatisiertes Produktionsverfahren und erste Anwendung im Tierversuch (2014)

Ein multimodal – in Fluorskopie, Computer- und Magnetresonanztomotraphie – sichtbares Embolisat wurde in einem neuartigen, automatisierten Verfahren hergestellt. Die Embolisatpartikel können damit in definierten Größen und minimaler Größenvariation unter 100%-iger Qualitätskontrolle in verkürzter Zeit produziert werden. In dieser Studie wurde die multimodale Sichtbarkeit und die Anwendbarkeit im Tiermodell im Rahmen selektiver Embolisationen überprüft.
Gating of TRP channels: a voltage connection? (2005)

TRP channels represent the main pathways for cation influx in non-excitable cells. Although TRP channels were for a long time considered to be voltage independent, several TRP channels now appear to be weakly voltage dependent with an activation curve extending mainly into the non-physiological positive voltage range. In connection with this voltage dependence, there is now abundant evidence that physical stimuli, such as temperature (TRPV1, TRPM8, TRPV3), or the binding of various ligands (TRPV1, TRPV3, TRPM8, TRPM4), shift this voltage dependence towards physiologically relevant potentials, a mechanism that may represent the main functional hallmark of these TRP channels. This review discusses some features of voltage-dependent gating of TRPV1, TRPM4 and TRPM8. A thermodynamic principle is elaborated, which predicts that the small gating charge of TRP channels is a crucial factor for the large voltage shifts induced by various stimuli. Some structural considerations will be given indicating that, although the voltage sensor is not yet known, the C-terminus may substantially change the voltage dependence of these channels.
Modeling, Design, and Experimental Verification of a WPT Level-3 Wireless Charger with Compact Secondary Coupler (2019)

This study introduces a wireless power transfer (WPT) Level-3 rated charger with >11 kW nominal output. The proposed system is interoperable for WPT Level-1, 2, and 3 charger applications of which power levels and airgap separations are defined in SAE J2954. The system designed for this study is capable of operating at Z <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</inf> (100-150 mm), Z <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> (140-210 mm) and Z <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> (170-250 mm) vehicle assembly ground clearance range classes with a very compact vehicle-side (secondary) coupler. The couplers are characterized for the maximum output power (P <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">out</inf> ) and the coupling coefficient (k) with different airgaps. System frequency response and the sensitivity analysis are presented. Experimental results are shown for 190.5 mm and 216 mm airgap separations. These results demonstrate that the proposed system with a very compact secondary can be operated at these ground clearance classes with high efficiency at WPT level-3 charging levels.
General Strategy for Self-Assembly of Highly Oriented Nanocrystalline Semiconducting Polymers with High Mobility (2014)

Solution processable semiconducting polymers with excellent film forming capacity and mechanical flexibility are considered among the most progressive alternatives to conventional inorganic semiconductors. However, the random packing of polymer chains and the disorder of the polymer matrix typically result in low charge transport mobilities (10(-5)-10(-2) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1)). These low mobilities compromise their performance and development. Here, we present a strategy, by utilizing capillary action, to mediate polymer chain self-assembly and unidirectional alignment on nanogrooved substrates. We designed a sandwich tunnel system separated by functionalized glass spacers to induce capillary action for controlling the polymer nanostructure, crystallinity, and charge transport. Using capillary action, we demonstrate saturation mobilities with average values of 21.3 and 18.5 cm(2) V(-1 )s(-1) on two different semiconducting polymers at a transistor channel length of 80 μm. These values are limited by the source-drain contact resistance, Rc. Using a longer channel length of 140 μm where the contact resistance is less important, we measured μh = 36.3 cm(2) v(-1) s(-1). Extrapolating to infinite channel length where Rc is unimportant, the intrinsic mobility for poly[4-(4,4-dihexadecyl-4H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b']dithiophen-2-yl)-alt-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-c]pyridine] (Mn = 140 kDa) at this degree of chain alignment and structural order is μh ≈ 47 cm(2 )v(-1) s(-1). Our results create a promising pathway toward high performance, solution processable, and low-cost organic electronics.
Directing the Structural Features of N2‐Phobic Nanoporous Covalent Organic Polymers for CO2 Capture and Separation (2013)

A family of azo-bridged covalent organic polymers (azo-COPs) was synthesized through a catalyst-free direct coupling of aromatic nitro and amine compounds under basic conditions. The azo-COPs formed 3D nanoporous networks and exhibited surface areas up to 729.6 m(2) g(-1) , with a CO2 -uptake capacity as high as 2.55 mmol g(-1) at 273 K and 1 bar. Azo-COPs showed remarkable CO2 /N2 selectivities (95.6-165.2) at 298 K and 1 bar. Unlike any other porous material, CO2 /N2 selectivities of azo-COPs increase with rising temperature. It was found that azo-COPs show less than expected affinity towards N2 gas, thus making the framework "N2 -phobic", in relative terms. Our theoretical simulations indicate that the origin of this unusual behavior is associated with the larger entropic loss of N2 gas molecules upon their interaction with azo-groups. The effect of fused aromatic rings on the CO2 /N2 selectivity in azo-COPs is also demonstrated. Increasing the π-surface area resulted in an increase in the CO2 -philic nature of the framework, thus allowing us to reach a CO2 /N2 selectivity value of 307.7 at 323 K and 1 bar, which is the highest value reported to date. Hence, it is possible to combine the concepts of "CO2 -philicity" and "N2 -phobicity" for efficient CO2 capture and separation. Isosteric heats of CO2 adsorption for azo-COPs range from 24.8-32.1 kJ mol(-1) at ambient pressure. Azo-COPs are stable up to 350 °C in air and boiling water for a week. A promising cis/trans isomerization of azo-COPs for switchable porosity is also demonstrated, making way for a gated CO2 uptake.
Kisspeptin treatment induces gonadotropic responses and rescues ovulation in a subset of preclinical models and women with polycystic ovary syndrome (2019)

This work was supported by research agreements between Ferring Research Institute and the Universities of Cordoba and Edinburgh. K.S. was supported by the Wellcome Trust Scottish Translational Medicine and Therapeutics Initiative (STMTI). Some of this work was undertaken in the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health which is funded by the MRC Centre grant MR/N022556/1. M.T.-S. is a member of CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, which is an initiative of Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Dr Mannaerts is an employee of Ferring International PharmaScience Center (Copenhagen, Denmark), and Drs Qi, van Duin and Kohout are employees of the Ferring Research Institute (San Diego, USA). Dr Anderson and Dr Tena-Sempere were recipients of a grant support from the Ferring Research Institute, and Dr Anderson has undertaken consultancy work and received speaker fees outside this study from Merck, IBSA, Roche Diagnostics, NeRRe Therapeutics and Sojournix Inc. Dr Skorupskaite was supported by the Wellcome Trust through the Scottish Translational Medicine and Therapeutics Initiative 102419/Z/13/A. The other authors have no competing interest.
The Role of Nucleoside Analogues in the Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia-Lessons Learned from Prospective Randomized Trials (2002)

The newer purine nucleoside analogues (PNA), fludarabine (FAMP) and cladribine (2-chlorodeoxyadenosine, 2-CdA) have been synthesized recently and introduced into the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The results of large phase II studies indicate that FAMP and 2-CdA are similarly active in CLL. Unfortunately, no prospective randomized study comparing the results of the treatment of CLL patients with FAMP and 2-CdA has been published so far. Significantly higher overall response (OR) and complete remission (CR) in patients treated initially with PNA than with chlorambucil or cyclophosphamide based combination regimens has been recently confirmed in five prospective multicentre randomized trials. These studies have also shown longer response duration in patients treated with PNA than with conventional chemotherapy. Overall survival progression free and events free survival were similar in patients treated with PNA and with chlorambucil or other alkylating agent based regimens. However, the majority of randomized trials were designed as cross over studies and most patients, treated with conventional chemotherapy were given PNA when refractory or in early relapse, which may influence the survival time. The results of a randomized study have shown a higher incidence of neutropenia and infections in patients treated with PNA than with chlorambucil. However. the frequency of autoimmune hemolytic anemia, pure red cell aplasia, secondary neoplasms and Richter's syndrome seems to be similar in patients treated with PNA and standard alkylating agents based chemotherapy. In conclusion, alkylating agents still have an important place in the routine management of the majority of CLL patients. They are in general safe, given on an out patients basis and significantly cheaper than PNA. PNA should be routinely used as second line treatment, and possibly as first line therapy in younger patients, who are candidates for potentially curative treatment such as stem cell transplantation and/or monoclonal antibodies.
Benzoxazinoid Metabolites Regulate Innate Immunity against Aphids and Fungi in Maize (2011)

Benzoxazinoids (BXs), such as 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIMBOA), are secondary metabolites in grasses. The first step in BX biosynthesis converts indole-3-glycerol phosphate into indole. In maize (Zea mays), this reaction is catalyzed by either BENZOXAZINELESS1 (BX1) or INDOLE GLYCEROL PHOSPHATE LYASE (IGL). The Bx1 gene is under developmental control and is mainly responsible for BX production, whereas the Igl gene is inducible by stress signals, such as wounding, herbivory, or jasmonates. To determine the role of BXs in defense against aphids and fungi, we compared basal resistance between Bx1 wild-type and bx1 mutant lines in the igl mutant background, thereby preventing BX production from IGL. Compared to Bx1 wild-type plants, BX-deficient bx1 mutant plants allowed better development of the cereal aphid Rhopalosiphum padi, and were affected in penetration resistance against the fungus Setosphaeria turtica. At stages preceding major tissue disruption, R. padi and S. turtica elicited increased accumulation of DIMBOA-glucoside, DIMBOA, and 2-hydroxy-4,7-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one-glucoside (HDMBOA-glc), which was most pronounced in apoplastic leaf extracts. Treatment with the defense elicitor chitosan similarly enhanced apoplastic accumulation of DIMBOA and HDMBOA-glc, but repressed transcription of genes controlling BX biosynthesis downstream of BX1. This repression was also obtained after treatment with the BX precursor indole and DIMBOA, but not with HDMBOA-glc. Furthermore, BX-deficient bx1 mutant lines deposited less chitosan-induced callose than Bx1 wild-type lines, whereas apoplast infiltration with DIMBOA, but not HDMBOA-glc, mimicked chitosan-induced callose. Hence, DIMBOA functions as a defense regulatory signal in maize innate immunity, which acts in addition to its well-characterized activity as a biocidal defense metabolite.
PCL−PEG-Based Nanoparticles Grafted with GRGDS Peptide: Preparation and Surface Analysis by XPS (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTPCL−PEG-Based Nanoparticles Grafted with GRGDS Peptide: Preparation and Surface Analysis by XPSVincent Pourcelle†, Sabrina Devouge†, Marie Garinot‡, Véronique Préat‡, and Jacqueline Marchand-Brynaert*†View Author Information Université Catholique de Louvain, Unité de Chimie Organique et Médicinale, Bâtiment Lavoisier, place Louis Pasteur 1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium and Université Catholique de Louvain, Unité de Pharmacie Galénique, Avenue E. Mounier 73-20, 1200 Brussels, Belgium* Corresponding author. E-mail: email:[email protected]. Telephone: +32-10-472740 . Fax:+32-10-474168.†Unité de Chimie Organique et Médicinale.‡Unité de Pharmacie Galénique.Cite this: Biomacromolecules 2007, 8, 12, 3977–3983Publication Date (Web):November 27, 2007Publication History Received31 July 2007Revised19 September 2007Published online27 November 2007Published inissue 1 December 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bm700841yhttps://doi.org/10.1021/bm700841ybrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1335Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Copolymers,Ligands,Nanoparticles,Nitrogen,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Get e-Alerts
Real time measurement of instantaneous torque by magnetostrictive sensor (2002)

A novel torque measurement system has been developed using a magnetostrictive sensor and a digital sensor processing technique. This system contains a miniature magnetostrictive sensor, a digital signal processor (DSP), and a rotary encoder. The miniature sensor does not require a special space for installation. Generally, inexpensive commercial steels with high strength are used for the torque drive shaft of an automobile, although their magnetic properties are quite poor. With this system, instantaneous torque can be accurately measured in real time, even of a shaft made of a commercial steel. Therefore, the application of this system to automobiles would be effective. The torque was measured within an error of 2% FS in spite of using a commercial shaft (carbon steel S43C).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Direct oral anticoagulant use and subsequent start of proton pump inhibitors as proxy for gastric complaints (2018)

Abstract Purpose Dabigatran use has been linked to gastrointestinal complaints, but it is unknown if this leads to more use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI). Furthermore, it is unknown whether gastrointestinal complaints occur more frequently in dabigatran users compared with other direct oral anticoagulant (DOACs) users. We investigated the association between DOAC use (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or apixaban) and subsequent PPI initiation as a proxy for gastrointestinal complaints. Methods In this population‐based observational study with an active‐comparator new user study design, anonymised dispensing data from Community Pharmacies in the Netherlands from 2012 to 2016 were used. Patients initiating DOAC for the treatment of atrial fibrillation without any PPI use before or at time of DOAC initiation were included. The outcome measure, subsequent PPI initiation, was determined in 28553 DOAC users. Results The patients initiating dabigatran (10 942), apixaban (4897), or rivaroxaban (12714) were comparable for age (mean 69 years), sex (62% men), socioeconomic class, and concomitant medication use. The risk of PPI initiation in apixaban versus rivaroxaban users was similar (adjusted hazard ratio 1.06; 95% confidence interval 0.96‐1.31) The adjusted hazard ratio of initiating PPI for dabigatran users was 1.21 (95% confidence interval 1.14‐1.29) compared with rivaroxaban/apixaban users. The cumulative incidence of PPI initiation at 6 months of follow‐up for patients using dabigatran was 13.0%, and 10.0% for those using rivaroxaban/apixaban, yielding a number needing treatment of 33. Conclusions Proton pump inhibitor initiation occurred frequently in incident DOAC users but more often in patients treated with dabigatran than in those treated with rivaroxaban or apixaban.
Synthesis and electric characterization of protein-shelled CdSe quantum dots (2013)

A CdSe quantum dot encapsulated by ClpP, a bacterial protease, was synthesized and its electrical transport properties were investigated. ClpP–CdSe was shown to act as a semiconductor and display p-type behavior in a field effect transistor device. This study reports a platform technology for the development of novel nano-electrical devices.
Arrays of multielement ultrasound applicators for interstitial hyperthermia (1999)

Arrays of multielement ultrasound applicators for interstitial hyperthermia have been developed and tested both in vitro and in vivo. The system includes multielement applicators, a 64 channel RF driving unit, a power measuring unit, a 112 channel multisensor temperature measuring unit, and a water cooling unit. Ninety-five arrays of single-element and nine arrays of three-element ultrasound applicators were designed, built, and characterized by measuring transducer efficiency and ultrasound field distribution. Improved uniformity in the azimuthal direction was achieved by using multiple driving frequencies. In addition, production of ultrasound in a desired sector of the transducer was possible by selecting a suitable frequency. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that 92% of monitored temperature points within the target volume of 30 mm x 30 mm x 35 mm achieved a therapeutic temperature rise (above 5 degrees C) when an array of five three-element applicators were used. These results indicated that the arrays of multielement ultrasound applicators have distinct advantages over present interstitial hyperthermia modalities in terms of the capability to control the temperature distribution with a large catheter spacing. As a conclusion, the feasibility of a practical arrays of multielement ultrasound applicators for interstitial hyperthermia was demonstrated.
Development of Big Data-Analysis Pipeline for Mobile Phone Data with Mobipack and Spatial Enhancement (2022)

Frequent and granular population data are essential for decision making. Further-more, for progress monitoring towards achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs), data availability at global scales as well as at different disaggregated levels is required. The high population coverage of mobile cellular signals has been accelerating the generation of large-scale spatiotemporal data such as call detail record (CDR) data. This has enabled resource-scarce countries to collect digital footprints at scales and resolutions that would otherwise be impossible to achieve solely through traditional surveys. However, using such data requires multiple processes, algorithms, and considerable effort. This paper proposes a big data-analysis pipeline built exclusively on an open-source framework with our spatial enhancement library and a proposed open-source mobility analysis package called Mobipack. Mobipack consists of useful modules for mobility analysis, including data anonymization, origin–destination extraction, trip extraction, zone analysis, route interpolation, and a set of mobility indicators. Several implemented use cases are presented to demonstrate the advantages and usefulness of the proposed system. In addition, we explain how a large-scale data platform that requires efficient resource allocation can be con-structed for managing data as well as how it can be used and maintained in a sustainable manner. The platform can further help to enhance the capacity of CDR data analysis, which usually requires a specific skill set and is time-consuming to implement from scratch. The proposed system is suited for baseline processing and the effective handling of CDR data; thus, it allows for improved support and on-time preparation.