gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Epistasis between COMT and MTHFR in Maternal-Fetal Dyads Increases Risk for Preeclampsia (2011)

Preeclampsia is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. This disorder is thought to be multifactorial in origin, with multiple genes, environmental and social factors, contributing to disease. One proposed mechanism is placental hypoxia-driven imbalances in angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors, causing endothelial cell dysfunction. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (Comt)-deficient pregnant mice have a preeclampsia phenotype that is reversed by exogenous 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME), an estrogen metabolite generated by COMT. 2-ME inhibits Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1α, a transcription factor mediating hypoxic responses. COMT has been shown to interact with methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), which modulates the availability of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), a COMT cofactor. Variations in MTHFR have been associated with preeclampsia. By accounting for allelic variation in both genes, the role of COMT has been clarified. COMT allelic variation is linked to enzyme activity and four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs6269, rs4633, rs4680, and rs4818) form haplotypes that characterize COMT activity. We tested for association between COMT haplotypes and the MTHFR 677 C → T polymorphism and preeclampsia risk in 1103 Chilean maternal-fetal dyads. The maternal ACCG COMT haplotype was associated with reduced risk for preeclampsia (P = 0.004), and that risk increased linearly from low to high activity haplotypes (P = 0.003). In fetal samples, we found that the fetal ATCA COMT haplotype and the fetal MTHFR minor "T" allele interact to increase preeclampsia risk (p = 0.022). We found a higher than expected number of patients with preeclampsia with both the fetal risk alleles alone (P = 0.052) and the fetal risk alleles in combination with a maternal balancing allele (P<0.001). This non-random distribution was not observed in controls (P = 0.341 and P = 0.219, respectively). Our findings demonstrate a role for both maternal and fetal COMT in preeclampsia and highlight the importance of including allelic variation in MTHFR.
Effect of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (Proportion and Type) and Binder Grade on Asphalt Mixtures (2008)

Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) has been used in the United States for more than 25 years because of the benefits in costs and environmental stewardship. The recent substantial increases in asphalt prices have led asphalt technologists to examine the increase in RAP use. The evaluation of the performance of the asphalt mixture containing RAP is therefore a priority for the asphalt materials community. This paper investigates the effect of RAP percentage and sources on the properties of asphalt mixtures. Ten asphalt mixtures, including two different RAP sources, three RAP content percentages (0%, 20%, 40%), and two different asphalt binders (PG 58-28 and PG 58-34) were investigated in this study. The complex dynamic modulus was performed on all mixtures at different temperatures and frequencies, and semicircular bend (SCB) fracture testing was performed for all mixtures at three low temperatures. Experimental results indicate that asphalt mixtures containing RAP have higher dynamic modulus values than the control mixtures containing no RAP. The stiffer asphalt binder was found to result in higher dynamic modulus values for both the control and the RAP-modified mixtures. Experimental data also show that the RAP source is not a significant factor for the dynamic modulus at low temperatures, although it significantly affects dynamic modulus values at high temperatures. In addition to test temperature, the RAP percentage was found to significantly affect the SCB fracture resistance of mixtures. However, for the dynamic modulus, values for the softer binder were higher than for the stiffer one at low temperatures. No significant statistical relationship between dynamic modulus and fracture energy was found.
Condensed Matter Field Theory (2006)

Over the past few decades, in concert with ground-breaking experimental advances, condensed matter theory has drawn increasingly from the language of low-energy quantum field theory. This primer is aimed at elevating graduate students of condensed matter theory to a level where they can engage in independent research. It emphasizes the development of modern methods of classical and quantum field theory with applications oriented around condensed matter physics. Topics covered include second quantization, path and functional field integration, mean-field theory and collective phenomena, the renormalization group, and topology. Conceptual aspects and formal methodology are emphasized, but the discussion is rooted firmly in practical experimental application. As well as routine exercises, the text includes extended and challenging problems, with fully worked solutions, designed to provide a bridge between formal manipulations and research-oriented thinking. This book will complement graduate level courses on theoretical quantum condensed matter physics.
Cardiotoxicity of Anthracyclines (2020)

Cardiotoxicity is a relevant complication that may compromise the clinical use of anthracyclines, affecting the quality of life and overall survival in cancer patients, independently of the oncological prognosis. The paper provides an overview of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in terms of definition, classification, incidence, risk factors, possible mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment. We also reported effective strategies for preventing cardiotoxicity. Furthermore, we discussed the limitation of current approaches, the need for a new classification, for early detection and treatment of cardiotoxicity. Probably, anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is a unique and continuous phenomenon starting with myocardial cell injury, followed by progressive left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) decline that, if disregarded and not cured progressively leads to overt heart failure. Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity can be detected at an early preclinical phase, very much before the onset of heart failure symptoms or before LVEF drops. The role of troponins in identifying subclinical cardiotoxicity and treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors to prevent LVEF reduction is an effective strategy that has emerged in the last fifteen years. If cardiac dysfunction has already occurred, partial or complete LVEF recovery may still be obtained if cardiotoxicity is detected early and heart failure treatment is promptly initiated.
Novos derivados do sistema heterocíclico 1H-pirazolo[3,4-b]piridina: síntese e assinalamentos de hidrogênios e carbonos por RMN 1D e 2D (1999)

ASSIGNMENTS BY 1D AND 2D NMR.The synthesis and NMR analysis of seven new 4-(aryl)amino-5-carboethoxy-1,3-dimethyl-1H -pyrazolo[3,4b]pyridines (7-13) are described.The synthetic approach used involved the preparation of intermediates 5-aminopyrazol ( 4), the enamine derivative (5) and the 4-chloro-1H -pyrazolo[3,4b]pyridine (6).Compounds (7-13) were obtained by treatment of 6 with the desired aniline.The structures of new heterocyclic compounds and their precursors intermediates were assigned on the basis of spectral analysis including 1D and 2D NMR experiments [ 1 H; 13 C{ 1 H} and DEPT; 1 H x 1 H -COSY; 1 H x 13 C -COSY, n J CH , n = 1, 2 or 3 (HETECOR and COLOC)].
Quality of Healthcare Improved with Pharmacist Intervention with Prescription Support on the Neurosurgery Ward (2014)

A new administration fee was introduced for the clinical activities of hospital pharmacists responsible for inpatient pharmacotherapy monitoring in medical institutions in April 2012 in Japan. In September 2012, in Okayama University Hospital, we established prescription-support based on a protocol for physicians on the Neurosurgery Ward. The pharmacist assessed the “status of the patient” and “medication adherence,” and then subjectively decided on “continuing administration,” “medicine withdrawal,” “changing the method of dispensation (one-dose-package or powdered medicines),” and “changing the dosage form.” In this study, to verify the effect of the intervention for prescription-support based on the protocol, we investigated the number of revised prescriptions and the contents of revision in the periods of June-August 2012 and June-August 2013. The results of investigation revealed that the pharmacists significantly contributed to reducing prescriptions from 84 (changed medicine: 1, changed administration and/or dosage: 5, changed dosage form: 3, changed method of dispensation: 25, discontinued prescription: 50, respectively) to 10 (changed administration and dosage: 1, discontinued prescription: 9) (P < 0.001). The total amount of drug fees decreased from 63,732.68 to 2,148.65 yen. According to the questionnaire survey of neurosurgeons on the ward, the pharmacists were highly evaluated regarding the “efficiency of work,” “improvement of medical safety,” and “improvement of medication quality.” In conclusion, the pharmacists provided individual patients with optimized prescriptions, and markedly contributed to assuring the safety and efficacy of treatment with medication.
Approximation for limit cycles and their isochrons (2006)

Local analysis of trajectories of dynamical systems near an attractive periodic orbit displays the notion of asymptotic phase and isochrons. These notions are quite useful in applications to biosciences. In this note, we give an expression for the first approximation of equations of isochrons in the setting of perturbations of polynomial Hamiltonian systems. This method can be generalized to perturbations of systems that have a polynomial integral factor (like the Lotka-Volterra equation).
Metal‐Free Synthesis of Fluorinated Indoles Enabled by Oxidative Dearomatization (2016)

Abstract Nitrogen heterocycles are found in a majority of approved small‐molecule pharmaceuticals, and the number of approved fluorinated drugs is increasing each decade. Therefore, new approaches for accessing fluorinated nitrogen heterocycles are of great significance. A novel, scalable, and metal‐free method for accessing a wide range of fluorinated indoles is described. This oxidative‐dearomatization‐enabled approach assembles 2‐trifluoromethyl NH‐indole products from simple commercially available anilines with hexafluoroacetylacetone in the presence of an organic oxidant. The nature of the aniline N‐capping group is critical for the success of this new reaction. Furthermore, the indole products contain a 3‐trifluoroacetyl group, which can be exploited to access a plethora of useful functional groups.
Traité de bioéthique (2010)

Résumé S’interroger sur l’usage de l’expérimentation animale en vue d’un bien-être futur chez l’homme, mais engendrant une souffrance immédiate chez l’animal, renvoie à un dilemme ancien dont la formulation a varié aux cours des âges. Aujourd’hui, les acteurs se sont organisés au niveau national, régional et institutionnel pour mener une réflexion éthique sur l’utilisation des animaux dans les laboratoires de recherche et de développement. La théorie darwinienne permet d’extrapoler dans une certaine mesure nos connaissances d’une espèce à l’autre. Cette justification scientifique doit s’accompagner d’une réflexion tout aussi bien éthique et technique pour continuer à Remplacer et Raffiner les modèles d’études actuels afin de Réduire (préconisation des trois R) le nombre d’animaux inclus dans des protocoles expérimentaux. Les méthodes alternatives issues de ces recherches demandent encore à être combinées avec l’expérimentation animale pour être physiologiquement pertinentes. Sur la base de l’acceptation du principe de l’expérimentation animale jugée nécessaire, tout doit être mis en place pour favoriser le bien-être, éviter toute souffrance inutile et rendre l’expérimentation éthiquement plus acceptable.
Kinetic data for the BM‐5 insect cell line in repeated‐batch suspension cultures (1991)

The kinetics and growth characteristics of the BM-5 insect cell line of Bombyx mori (silkworm) have been experimentally investigated in order to develop optimal growth protocols when these cells are used to produce large quantities of human proteins by recombinant baculoviruses. Experiments were performed in 200-mL spinner flasks, which were operated at 80 rpm with 0.3% methyl cellulose (MCL) added to the medium to protect the cells from shear stress. Exposure of the cells to varying nutrient and metabolite concentrations was accomplished through a repeated-batch mode of feeding. The results indicate that glutamine is a limiting nutrient and that lactate has an inhibitory effect on cell growth. Ammonia depletion from the medium was accompanied by uric acid accumulation suggesting that ammonia is converted to this metabolic product by the "uricotelic" and "nucleicolytic" metabolic pathways. With the examined medium formulation, glucose, fructose, and sucrose remained at high concentrations throughout the cultivation period.
Electro-optic response of chromophores in a viscoelastic polymer matrix to a combined dc and ac poling field (2003)

We present a generalized model for the electro-optic response of chromophores in a viscoelastic polymer matrix to a combined dc and ac applied poling field. The model includes a local molecular field of random orientation at each chromophore site to take into account the influence of the polymer matrix on the chromophore reorientation. Hence the model relies on a physically intuitive picture of chromophore dynamics in a viscoelastic polymer matrix. The dynamics is described by the rotational diffusion equation, where the local molecular field is inferred and a solution is presented with a variational approach. We obtain an analytical expression for the electro-optic response both at the modulating frequency and at two times the modulating frequency, having explicit frequency and molecular-field dependence. The model is successfully compared with frequency-resolved ellipsometric measurements in an azo-dye containing polymer guest–host system that is poled in a combined dc and ac electric field. The experimental setup is a modified Teng–Man ellipsometer in a balanced detection scheme, and, as a model system for investigating the electro-optic response, we use the chromophore Disperse Red 1 in a polymer matrix of poly(methyl methacrylate). Finally, the model is compared with independent experiments on a 2,5-dimethyl-4-(p-nitrophenylazo)-anisole containing photorefractive polymer composite, and good qualitative agreement is found.
Simple Large-Scale Preparationof 1,2,3-Tris-Acceptor Substituted Cyclopropanes (2003)

Triethyl (1α,2α,3β)cyclopropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate (3aa), as well as diethyl (4ab) and dimethyl (1α,2β,3α)-1-acetylcyclopropane-2,3-dicarboxylate (4bb) have been prepared on a scale of up to 60 g by Michael initiated ring-closure (MIRC) cyclopropanation of dialkyl fumarates 1a,b with ethyl chloroacetate (2a) and chloroacetone (2b) in 62%, 51% and 56% yield, respectively. For the success of the new procedure it is essential to slowly add (within 5-7 h) the mixture of compounds 1 and 2 to a vigorously stirred suspension of K2CO3 in DMF in the presence of benzyltriethylammonium chloride.
Neurosurgical Robotics: A Cadaveric Feasibility Trial of Cerebrovascular Applications for the DaVinci Surgical System (2009)

Introduction: The daVinci Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA) has become standard instrumentation for prostatectomy and other urological procedures, and is FDA-approved for a wide spectrum of general and gynecological surgeries. Given its tremor reduction, motion scaling capabilities, multiple working arms, and patented Endowrist technology, which allows for full range of motion at the instrument head comparable with that of the human wrist, this device was tested at our institution for cerebrovascular applications as well.
ChemInform Abstract: AMINOTETRALONE ANALOGS OF KETAMINE: SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF HYPNOTIC AND LOCOMOTOR PROPERTIES IN MICE (1985)

Abstract Das auf zwei Wegen hergestellte Keton (II) sowie die Tetralone (VI) und (VII) zeigen bei Mäusen lokomotorische Aktivität, sind aber hypnotisch unwirksam.
QoI-aware energy-efficient participant selection (2014)

In increasingly popular participatory sensing systems, new challenges are arising to select the most appropriate participants when considering their hand-held smart device's different energy conditions, uncontrollable mobility pattern, and associated sensing capabilities to best satisfy the quality-of-information (QoI) requirements of sensing tasks. This paper proposes a QoI-aware energy-efficient participant selection strategy, where four key design elements are proposed. First is QoI satisfaction metric of a sensing task that uses the data granularity and quantity collected by participants to measure to what extend the task's QoI requirements are satisfied. Second is an “energy consumption index”, which estimates the impact of energy cost during the data collection on different participant's smart devices with different remaining energy levels. Third is the estimation of the collected amount of data by participants, where a probability-based movement model is proposed. Fourth is the proposal of a multi-objective constrained optimization problem for participant selection, where task QoI requirements and energy consumption index of all participants are taken as optimization objectives, and solved by our proposed suboptimal, easy-to-implement solution. Real and extensive trace-based experiments show that, the proposed participant selection scheme can well balance the trade-off between the task QoI and energy consumptions by selecting most efficient participants, compared with existing schemes.
Vascular endothelial growth factor promotes proliferation of cortical neuron precursors by regulating E2F expression (2003)

Neurogenesis, or the production of new neurons, is regulated by physiological and pathological processes including aging, stress, and brain injury. Many mitogenic and trophic factors that regulate proliferation of nonneuronal cells are also involved in neurogenesis. These include vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF), which stimulates the incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) into neuronal precursor cells in vitro and in the adult rat brain in vivo. Using BrdU labeling as an index of cell proliferation, we found that the in vitro neuroproliferative effect of VEGF was associated with up-regulation of E2F family transcription factors, cyclin D1, cyclin E, and cdc25. VEGF also increased nuclear expression of E2F1, E2F2, and E2F3, consistent with regulation of the G1/S phase transition of the cell cycle. The proliferative effect of VEGF was inhibited by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD98059, the phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor U73122, the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor GF102390X, and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor wortmannin, indicating involvement of multiple signaling pathways. These findings help to provide a molecular basis for some of the recently identified neuronal effects of VEGF.
Latex Blends of Fluorinated and Fluorine-Free Acrylates:  Emulsion Polymerization and Tapping Mode Atomic Force Microscopy of Film Formation (1999)

Latex based upon fluorinated acrylates such as perfluorooctylethyl methacrylate (FMA) and perfluorooctylethyl acrylate (FA) and fluorine-free acrylates such as n-butyl methacrylate (BMA) was prepared by means of emulsion polymerization in the presence of octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (C18TAB) and 2,2‘-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (V50) as water-soluble azo initiator. Reaction calorimetric studies revealed that acetone addition, preferably 15−25 wt %, was the key to achieve high monomer conversion and to produce stable latex with average particle sizes varying between 50 and 300 nm. Monomer conversion was increased, and latex particle size was reduced when 2 wt % n-butyl acrylate (BA) was added together with fluorine-containing monomers. The reaction enthalpy of FMA was determined to be 62 kJ/mol with respect to 75 kJ/mol for the more reactive FA. Stable poly(perfluorooctylethyl methacrylate)/poly(n-butyl methacrylate) (PFMA/PBMA) latex blends were formed. According to tapping mode atomic force microscopy, PBMA formed a dense film at 65 °C containing PFMA nanoparticles dispersed in the PBMA matrix. Annealing at 100 °C caused accumulation of PFMA at the surface and formation of a gradient film containing a surface layer with high fluorine content. Such latex blends are of interest in water-, oil-, and soil-repellent coatings.
A model of secessions (2016)

Trabajo presentado en la Conference In Honor of Shlomo Weber, celebrada en la Southern Methodist University, en Dallas, Texas, los días 29 y 30 de abril de 2016
1.2. Past, Present and Future of Control Theory Applied to Autonomous Agents (2015)

This chapter introduces classical and modern control theory by providing a short history of automatic control theory and describing basic elements and techniques of classical and modern control theory. Finally, the section concludes with a brief overview of existing autonomous platforms and navigation techniques in severe environments.
Privacy-Preserving Verification of Aggregate Queries on Outsourced Databases (2006)

It is often desirable to be able to guarantee the integrity of historical data, ensuring that any subsequent modifications to the data can be detected. It would be especially convenient to extend such proofs of integrity to certain computations performed later using the historic data. We approach this question in the context of outsourced databases, where a data owner delegates the ability to answer users ’ queries to a service provider, and distrustful users may desire to verify the integrity of responses to their queries on the data. We present a solution for integrity verification of database aggregate queries, such as SUM and MAX. We design proofs of correctness and completeness of aggregate results. What makes the problem challenging is that individual data entries may be sensitive (e.g. as in medical databases), and should not be revealed to the user. We give cryptographic protocols to support verification of query results in a privacy-preserving fashion.
Abstract 1761: Small molecule restoration of wildtype structure and function of mutant p53 using a novel zinc metallochaperone based mechanism (2015)

Abstract NSC319726 (ZMC1) is a small molecule that reactivates mutant p53 by restoration of WT structure/function to the most common p53 missense mutant (p53-R175H). We investigated the mechanism by which ZMC1 reactivates p53-R175H and provide evidence that ZMC1: 1) restores WT structure by functioning as a zinc-metallochaperone, providing an optimal concentration of zinc to facilitate proper folding; 2) increases cellular reactive oxygen species that transactivate the newly conformed p53-R175H (via post-translational modifications), inducing an apoptotic program. We not only demonstrate that this zinc metallochaperone function is possessed by other zinc-binding small molecules, but that it can reactivate other p53 mutants with impaired zinc binding. This represents a novel mechanism for an anti-cancer drug and a new pathway to drug mutant p53. Citation Format: Xin Yu, Adam R. Blanden, Sumana Narayanan, Lalithapriya Jayakumar, David Lubin, David J. Augeri, S. David Kimball, Stewart N. Loh, Darren R. Carpizo. Small molecule restoration of wildtype structure and function of mutant p53 using a novel zinc metallochaperone based mechanism. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1761. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1761
Turning a hobby into millions (2003)

Before Philip King sold his five bookstores in Christchurch roughly 10 years ago to Whitcoulls, a large Australian-owned bookstore and office supplies operation, he hardly fancied himself as an entrepreneur. Books were his passion: He loved to read. However, his first job was selling barbeque charcoal to New Zealand℉s South Island residents.