gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimation robuste et apprentissage aveugle de modèles pour la séparation de sources sonores (2008)

Blind source separation in the underdetermined case is an ill-posed problem where it is usually assumed that sources are independent and sparse in the time-frequency domain. Separation is then done in two steps : the estimation of the mixture parameters, followed by the estimation of the sources. The assumptions made about the sources are not valid for all the time-frequency points, so that the approaches which naively address all the points identically and independently, are little robust in estimating the mixture parameters and the sources. In this thesis we exploit the local distribution of the mixture in the neighborhood of each time-frequency point, to : - Detect the time-frequency regions where only one source is active and to estimate the direction of the dominant source in these regions ; - Estimate the distribution of the sources in each time-frequency point using the knowledge on the mixture parameters. The proposed local approach is supported by a clustering algorithm called DEMIX, which robustly estimates the mixture parameters in the instantaneous and anechoic cases. On the other hand, the local spatial distribution of the sources can be used to learn Spectral-GMM which until now required a learning step with source examples. We show that this approach improve the source estimation performance of some dB in SDR.
Performance-Based Comparative Assessment of Open Source Web Vulnerability Scanners (2017)

The widespread adoption of web vulnerability scanners and the differences in the functionality provided by these tool-based vulnerability detection approaches increase the demand for testing their detection effectiveness. Despite the advantages of dynamic testing approaches, the literature lacks studies that systematically evaluate the performance of open source web vulnerability scanners. The main objectives of this study are to assess the performance of open source scanners from multiple perspectives and to examine their detection capability. This paper presents the results of a comparative evaluation of the security features as well as the performance of four web vulnerability detection tools. We followed this comparative assessment with a case study in which we evaluate the level of agreement between the results reported by two open source web vulnerability scanners. Given that the results of our comparative evaluation did not show significant performance differences among the scanners while the results of the conducted case study revealed high level of disagreement between the reports generated by different scanners, we conclude that the inconsistencies between the reports generated by different scanners might not necessarily correlate with their performance properties. We also present some recommendations for helping developers of web vulnerabilities scanners to improve their tools’ capabilities.
Quantitative and morphometric analysis of Langerhans cells in non‐exposed skin in renal transplant patients (1991)

Renal transplant recipients have a high incidence of cutaneous complications such as neoplasia and viral or fungal infections. Morphologic alterations of epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) have furthermore been described in these patients. Since these changes have been mainly found in sun-exposed skin, a direct effect of immunosuppressive therapy remains a matter of discussion. A quantitative and morphometric study of epidermal LC in non-exposed skin was performed in 28 renal transplant patients (RTP). RTP were divided in two groups according to immunosuppressive treatment: group A; azathioprine + prednisone (14 cases) and group B; cyclosporine + prednisone (14 cases). Twenty sex-age matched non-immunosuppressed patients acted as controls (group C). Epidermal sheets were obtained by incubation in EDTA and stained for ATPase activity and with the monoclonal antibody T6 (CD1) using the avidin-biotin peroxidase method. Langerhans cells were counted using a calibrated graticule (400x) and expressed as the mean number of LC/mm2. The mean area of the LC and the number of primary dendrites (pd) and secondary dendrites (sd) were determined with a morphometer adapted to an Apple II computer. The mean number of positive cells in controls was: ATPase, 677 +/- 157; T6, 695 +/- 164. Patients in group A had the maximum reduction in both ATPase and T6 LC density (ATPase, 339 +/- 142; T6, 402 +/- 194). Patients in group B had an intermediate reduction in the number of LC (ATPase, 494 +/- 121; T6, 529 +/- 112).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Population attributable fractions of risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States (2016)

Among US Medicare recipients, metabolic disorders contribute more to the burden of HCC than any other risk factor, and the fraction of HCC caused by metabolic disorders has increased in the last decade. Cancer 2016;122:1757-65. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA..
Statistics of cone responses to natural images: implications for visual coding (1998)

We gathered hyperspectral images of natural, foliage-dominated scenes and converted them to human cone quantal catches to characterize the second-order redundancy present within the retinal photoreceptor array under natural conditions. The data are expressed most simply in a logarithmic response space, wherein an orthogonal decorrelation robustly produces three principal axes, one corresponding to simple changes in radiance and two that are reminiscent of the blue–yellow and red–green chromatic-opponent mechanisms found in the primate visual system. Further inclusion of spatial stimulus dimensions demonstrates a complete spatial decorrelation of these three cone-space axes in natural cone responses.
The Use of Formal IT Investment Evaluation Methods in Organizations: A Survey of European Countries (2006)

IT investment evaluation has been the subject of many academic studies and often rated as one of the top concerns of IT managers.While many studies have focused on the issue of how to evaluate IT projects, we are more interested in understanding why formal IT evaluation methods and techniques are used or not used in various organizations.In this paper, we present the preliminary findings of a large scale, multi-country survey on the usage of formal IT evaluation methods in organizations.Our results show that, despite the fact that most IT managers consider IT investment evaluation as a critical issue in IT management, only about one third of IT investment projects are subjected to some formal evaluation processes.What is even more interesting is that only about 10% of the organizations surveyed claim to use formal quantitative evaluation methods such as ROI, NPV, IRR, or C/B, while over half of the organizations report that their IT investment decisions are made based on experience and manager discretion.We find that the managers' perception about the usefulness of and attitudes toward formal evaluation methods and techniques correspond well to the percentage of usage in each of the three countries we surveyed.Our findings provide an update to the state of the art of IT investment evaluation usage in organizations and raise some interesting questions for future research.
Refined localization of the gene for Clouston syndrome (hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia) in a large French family (2000)

Hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) or Clouston syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by nail dystrophy, alopecia and palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, which maps to chromosome 13q11-q12.1. We confirmed linkage of HED to this region in a large French family. To define the critical region for HED, detailed haplotypes were constructed with new pericentromeric polymorphic markers. A recombination event in the family indicates that the HED locus maps centromeric to D13S1832. Our French family does not share a common haplotype with other pedigrees previously published (particularly French-Canadian), indicating that the mutations in these families are likely to be of different origin.
[Clinical features of Gorham-Stout syndrome and literature review]. (2009)

GSS is a rare disorder characterized by progressive osteolysis. The clinical presentations of this disease are variable and depend on the sites of involvement. There were no standard therapy available. Prognosis depends on the site of involvement, extent of the disease and presence of complications. Those who have pleural effusion had poor prognosis.
Coherent Control by Shaped Pulses in Room Temperature InAs/InP Quantum Dot Optical Amplifiers (2016)

By shaping their excitation pulses, we demonstrate control over coherent Rabi-oscillations exhibited in room temperature quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifiers designed for telecommunication applications. Experimental results and comprehensive numerical analysis are presented.
Reducing the Frequency of Errors in Medicine Using Information Technology (2001)

Appropriate increases in the use of information technology in health care- especially the introduction of clinical decision support and better linkages in and among systems, resulting in process simplification-could result in substantial improvement in patient safety.
Glycosylated hemoglobin A2 components (1980)

Partially purified hemoglobin A2 has been examined for the existence of glycosylated components by isoelectric focusing and by acid agar gel electrophoresis. Bands analogous to the glycohemoglobin derivatives of hemoglobin A, hemoglobin-A1.a.b.c, were readily detected. Evidence that these minor bands are in fact glycohemoglobins was obtained by showing that 14C-glucose bound to hemoglobin A2 moved with these minor bands. The amounts of glycohemoglobin derivatives of hemoglobin A2 were increased in the blood of diabetic patients.
Direct, highly efficient synthesis from (S)-(+)-phenylglycine of the taxol and taxotere side chains (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect, highly efficient synthesis from (S)-(+)-phenylglycine of the taxol and taxotere side chainsJean Noel Denis, Arlene Correa, and Andrew E. GreeneCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 24, 6939–6942Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00024a044https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00024a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views816Altmetric-Citations101LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dietary Soy Phytoestrogens Effects on Retinal Thickness in Rats (2003)

Naturally occurring estrogen-like molecules in plants (phytoestrogens), present via soy, in animal diets are known to alter brain morphology and reproductive endocrine parameters. This study characterized dietary phytoestrogens' effect on retinal thickness in male and female Long-Evans rats. Experiment 1a and 1b: upon arrival (50 day-old) animals received either a phytoestrogen-rich diet (containing 600 microg phytoestrogen/g diet; referred to as Phyto-600) or a diet low in phytoestrogens (Phyto-free). Males remained on these diets until 140 days of age (females until 160 days of age). In both sexes a significant (but opposite) diet difference in retinal thickness was identified. Male Phyto-600 and female Phyto-free animals had significantly greater retinal thickness compared to Phyto-free males and Phyto-600 females, respectively. Experiment 2: male or female rats were raised from conception on either the Phyto-600 or Phyto-free diet until sacrifice at 75 days of age. Consistent with experiment 1, males exposed to the Phyto-600 diet lifelong had significantly greater retinal thickness than lifelong fed Phyto-free males (no significant differences were identified in females). These data suggest that phytoestrogens influence rat retinal characteristics in a sexually dimorphic manner (more robust effect in males vs. females) and that this influence can occur even in adulthood.
Cutaneous Drug Eruptions Associated with the Use of New Oncological Drugs (2012)

There is a variety of adverse effects and toxicities of newer and older chemotherapeutic agents which emerge in the skin, mucosa and adnexa. Common skin reactions while undergoing chemotherapy include alopecia, changes in skin pigmentation, palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia, nail dystrophies and stomatitis. Extravasation injuries or hypersensitivity reactions may be severe. New oncologic agents have led to the development of different, class-specific cutaneous side effects. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors induce papulopustular rashes in a high percentage of patients as well as, to a smaller degree, xerosis cutis, hair and nail changes, hyper pigmentation and enhancement of radiation dermatitis. Multikinase inhibitors will often cause hand-foot syndrome, but may also induce facial erythema, subungual splinter hemorrhages and other less frequent skin changes. BRAF inhibitors can lead to rash and development of cutaneous keratinocytic neoplasias for which patients should be closely monitored. Finally, MEK/ERK inhibitors induce similar skin toxicities to EGFR inhibitors such as papulopustular rashes, xerosis cutis and paronychia. Our chapter will focus on the clinical picture, histopathology and treatment options of these new class-specific cutaneous side effects.
Navigation from time differences of arrival (2004)

A brief history and a few modern developments are given for hyperboliclike navigation systems in which location is estimated from measurements of the difference in the propagation time of a signal from two or more known locations. Today, hyperbolic navigation is used in locating ships, calling animals, GPS receivers, cellular telephones, and other objects. Topics discussed include the minimum number of receivers required for location, the effects of environmental fluctuations and receiver positioning errors on location accuracy, methods for obtaining probability density functions for location, and methods for allowing the speed of signal propagation to vary from path to path. Recent developments indicate that this 67-year-old navigation problem is not mature.
Ultrashort echo time bi‐component analysis of cortical bone—a field dependence study (2013)

Ultrashort echo time bi-component analysis provides consistent bound and free water fractions at 1.5 T and 3 T, thereby allowing field-independent comparisons.
Inhibition of ATR Reverses a Mitochondrial Respiratory Insufficiency (2022)

Diseases that affect the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) often manifest as threshold effect disorders, meaning patients only become symptomatic once a certain level of ETC dysfunction is reached. Cells can invoke mechanisms to circumvent reaching their critical ETC threshold, but it is an ongoing challenge to identify such processes. In the nematode <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>, severe reduction of mitochondrial ETC activity shortens life, but mild reduction actually extends it, providing an opportunity to identify threshold circumvention mechanisms. Here, we show that removal of ATL-1, but not ATM-1, worm orthologs of ATR and ATM, respectively, key nuclear DNA damage checkpoint proteins in human cells, unexpectedly lessens the severity of ETC dysfunction. Multiple genetic and biochemical tests show no evidence for increased mutation or DNA breakage in animals exposed to ETC disruption. Reduced ETC function instead alters nucleotide ratios within both the ribo- and deoxyribo-nucleotide pools, and causes stalling of RNA polymerase, which is also known to activate ATR. Unexpectedly, <i>atl-1</i> mutants confronted with mitochondrial ETC disruption maintain normal levels of oxygen consumption, and have an increased abundance of translating ribosomes. This suggests checkpoint signaling by ATL-1 normally dampens cytoplasmic translation. Taken together, our data suggest a model whereby ETC insufficiency in <i>C. elegans</i> results in nucleotide imbalances leading to the stalling of RNA polymerase, activation of ATL-1, dampening of global translation, and magnification of ETC dysfunction. The loss of ATL-1 effectively reverses the severity of ETC disruption so that animals become phenotypically closer to wild type.
Shotgun proteomics identification of proteins expressed in the Descemet’s membrane of patients with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (2023)

Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is a slowly evolving, bilateral disease of the corneal endothelium, characterized by an abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the basement membrane (Descemet's membrane, DM). This results in the formation of small round excrescences, called guttae, and a progressive disappearance of endothelial cells. In the intermediate stage, the numerous guttae create significant optical aberrations, and in the late stage, the loss of endothelial function leads to permanent corneal edema. The molecular components of guttae have not been fully elucidated. In the current study, we conducted shotgun proteomics of the DMs, including guttae, obtained from patients with FECD and revealed that 32 proteins were expressed only in the FECD-DMs but not in the DMs of control subjects. Subsequent enrichment analyses identified associations with multiple ECM-related pathways. Immunostaining of flat-mounted DMs confirmed that 4 of the top 5 identified proteins (hemoglobin α, SRPX2, tenascin-C, and hemoglobin γδεβ) were expressed in FECD-DMs but not in non-FECD-DMs. Fibrinogen α was strongly expressed in FECD-DMs, but weakly expressed in non-FECD-DMs. We also demonstrated that matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS) can display the in situ spatial distribution of biomolecules expressed in the DM, including the guttae.
Liquid Crystal Devices: Physics and Applications (1999)

Liquid Crystals -- Basic Physical Properties: Structure and Symmetry of Liquid Crystal Phases. LC Mixtures, the Temperature Range and Phase Transitions. Basic Physical Properties. Surface Phenomena and Cell Preparation. New Basic Developments in Liquid Crystals. Electrooptical Effects in Liquid Crystal Materials: Electrically Controlled Birefringence. Twist-Effect. Supertwist Effects. Bistable Effects. 'Guest-Host Effect'. Electrooptical Properties of Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal Films. Electrooptic Effects in Ferroelectric and Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals. Recent Developments of Electrooptical Modes for LCD Applications. Liquid Crystal Displays: Liquid Crystal Displays Among the Other Types of Flat Panel Displays. Active - Matrix Addressing LCDs. Other LCD Types. Recent Advances in LCDs and Competing Technologies. Non-Display Applications of Liquid Crystals: Liquid Crystals in Optical Data Processing Systems. Other Non-Display Applications of Liquid Crystals. Novel Non-Display LC Devices. Appendices
Efficient and selective hydrogenation of amides to alcohols and amines using a well-defined manganese–PNN pincer complex (2017)

Novel well-defined NNP and PNP manganese pincer complexes have been synthetized and fully characterized. The catalyst <b>Mn-2</b> containing an imidazolyaminolphosphino ligand shows high activity and selectivity in the hydrogenation of a wide range of secondary and tertiary amides to the corresponding alcohols and amines, under relatively mild conditions. For the first time, more challenging substrates like primary aromatic amides including an actual herbicide can also be hydrogenated using this earth-abundant metal-based pincer catalyst.
Exact-exchange asymptotics in polymer Hartree-Fock calculations (1981)

The asymptotic behavior of direct lattice sums for exact, nonlocal exchange in polymer Hartree-Fock calculations is analyzed. That behavior is entirely determined by that of the density matrix. An exactly solvable two-band model, describing both filled- and half-filled-band situations, allows the study of the density-matrix asymptotics for various realistic parameter choices. For filled bands it is found that the density matrix falls off exponentially in the latticevector index $n$. This is due to the presence of first-order branch points in the complex Bloch vector plane, symmetrically placed about the real axis. With the use of contour integration, formulas for large-$n$ behavior are obtained, including one valid for all $n$ values when parameters are chosen that correspond to H\"uckel theory. A simple relationship is found between band gap, bandwidth, and the (exponential) large-$n$ behavior of filled-band density-matrix elements. The results are related to work by Kohn and Des Cloiseaux on Wannier functions but are more specific about the relation between exponential behavior and band properties. With inspiration from numerical experiments, a conjecture for multiband exchange asymptotics is formulated. Half-filled-band results verify earlier work by Ukrainskii, and it is shown how exchange-sum truncation errors increase dramatically when the nearly-half-filled-band situation is reached. This is borne out by recent work by Piela, Andr\'e, Fripiat, and Delhalle.
Kripo Gpcr Subset (2016)

KRIPO stands for Key Representation of Interaction in POckets, see reference for more information. Subset of Kripo fragments and distance matrix of all G protein-coupled receptor in the Protein Data Bank. pdbs.txt -- List of GPCR PDB identifiers kripo.gpcr.sqlite -- Fragments of PDB identifiers kripo.gpcrandhits.sqlite -- Fragments of GPCR PDB identifiers and their most similar fragments from whole PDB kripo.gpcr.h5 -- Distance matrix of GPCR PDB identifiers and their most similar fragments from whole PDB