gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Practical and Divergent Way to Trihydroxylated Pyrrolidine Derivatives as Potential Glycosidase Inhibitors via Stereoselective Intermolecular cis-Amidoalkylations (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Practical and Divergent Way to Trihydroxylated Pyrrolidine Derivatives as Potential Glycosidase Inhibitors via Stereoselective Intermolecular cis-AmidoalkylationsYoungha Ryu and Guncheol KimCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 1, 103–108Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00106a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00106a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views681Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Rapid high spatial resolution imaging of ground vibration for buried landmine detection using ESPI (2004)

Recent work has shown that many landmines exhibit a multimode vibration pattern. To fully map the vibration pattern of these modes requires spatial resolutions on the order of millimeters. Any practical field instrument to detect landmines that cues on such modal patterns must take advantage of parallel optical processing. An optical technique that lends itself to such vibration sensing is an electronic speckle pattern interferometer (ESPI). The double-pulsed ESPI system has been used for the vibration measurement of the ground surface. The first and second laser pulses synchronized with the vibration peak and the vibration valley, respectively, illuminate the object. The imaged object wavefronts are combined with a reference wavefront and recorded in two video frames by using a CCD camera. The spatial distribution of the 2D vibration amplitude is obtained by subtracting two speckle patterns and processing the corresponding fringe pattern. The displacement sensitivity of the ESPI is about 30 nm. Here, we not only consider airborne sound sources to excite vibrations in the ground, but also a mechanical shaker to significantly increase the vibration amplitudes at the spot of interest. The vibrational pattern at the surface of the ground over buried antitank and antipersonnel landmines is studied.
Transport of malate and chloride into barley mesophyll vacuoles Different carriers are involved (1990)

Transport of malate and chloride across the tonoplast of barley mesophyll vacuoles has been compared. Whereas malate inhibited chloride uptake, 1,2,3‐benzenetricarboxylic acid, a potent inhibitor of malate uptake which is assumed not to cross the tonoplast, was ineffective. In contrast to chloride uptake, malate uptake was inactivated by pyridoxal phosphate and phenylglyoxal. The malate transport system could be protected against pyridoxal phosphate when a substrate such as 1,2,3‐benzenetricarboxylic acid was present in the preincubation medium. It is concluded that the transfer of malate and chloride across the tonoplast is mediated by different systems.
Printable and foldable electrodes based on a carbon nanotube-polymer composite (2014)

Foldable components such as electrodes, transistors, and sensors are necessary to realize wearable electronics to be reliable use. In this paper, we propose a printable and foldable electrode using a composite ink of carbon nanotubes and polymer. Relative resistance change corresponding to the foldability by folding the electrode up to 1000 times is relatively small ∼9.9 and ∼1.7% for the folding directions of tensile and compressive stress in the electrodes, respectively. As a proof-of-concepts, a foldable calculator is demonstrated without malfunction. This electrode may lead to develop foldable electronics furthermore and can be applied to a wide range of applications. Printable, foldable carbon nanotube-based electrode and its application of a foldable calculator.
Variable-Conversion-Ratio Switched-Capacitor-Voltage-Multiplier/Divider DC-DC Converter (2011)

An interleaved scheme of variable-conversion-ratio (VCR) multistage switched-capacitor-voltage-multiplier/divider (SCVM/SCVD) converter is proposed by combining a VCR-based phase generator and pulse-width-modulation (PWM) controller to integrate step-up and down modes in one structure for high-efficiency conversion. The power part consists of two m <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> -stage SC cells (front) and two n <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> -stage SC cells (rear) in series for step-up/down gain of m <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> × n <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> or 1/(m <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> × n <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> ) at most. Here, VCR-based phase generator is suggested with changing the running stage number m, n and topological path to obtain a suitable gain of m × n or 1/(m × n) (m = 1, 2,..., m <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> , n = 1,2,..., n <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> ) for improving efficiency, especially for the lower desired output. Besides, PWM is adopted to enhance output regulation as well as robustness to source/loading variation. Further, some theoretical analysis and design include: formulation, steady-state analysis, conversion ratio, efficiency, output ripple, stability, capacitance selection, and control design. Finally, the closed-loop SCVM/SCVD is simulated, and the hardware is implemented and tested. All results are illustrated to show the efficacy of this scheme.
Supplementary Figure 3 from miRNA-34 Prevents Cancer Initiation and Progression in a Therapeutically Resistant K-ras and p53-Induced Mouse Model of Lung Adenocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 349K, As shown in all of the sections obtained from the pretreatment study, miR-34 prevents Kras;p53-induced tumorigenesis.&lt;/p&gt;
Increase of proton electrochemical potential and ATP synthesis in rat liver mitochondria irradiated in vitro by helium‐neon laser (1984)

Mitochondria Laser Transmembrane proton gradient Membrane potential ATP synthesis Oxygen uptake
Immunoregulatory changes induced by total lymphoid irradiation. II. Development of thymus-leukemia antigen-positive and -negative suppressor T cells that differ in their regulatory function. (1981)

BALB/c mice treated with total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) develop non-antigen-specific suppressor cells of the adoptive secondary antibody response and of the mixed leukocyte reaction. Suppressors of the adoptive anti-DNP response were eliminated by incubation of spleen cells with anti-Thy-1.2 or anti-thymus-leukemia (TL) antiserum and complement before cell transfer. Thymectomy before TLI prevented the appearance of the latter suppressor cells. On the other hand, suppressors of the MLR were eliminated by incubation of spleen cells with anti-Thy-1.2 but not anti-TL antiserum and complement. Thymectomy before TLI did not prevent their subsequent development. Thus, two subpopulations of suppressor T cells that differ in the expression of the TL surface antigen, dependence on the presence of the thymus, and in regulatory functions develop after TLI. The TL+, thymus-dependent cell suppresses the adoptive antibody response, and the TL-, thymus-independent cell suppresses the MLR.
Beyond the Damkohler Number: A New Interpretation of Carbonate Wormholing (2008)

Abstract Optimizing matrix acidizing is important to obtain the most effective stimulation treatment. Finding the optimum flow rate has been the subject of many papers and several of those focus on finding an optimum Damkohler number. This approach finds a unique solution only for a given linear core aspect ratio. Additionally, the pore volumes to breakthrough at the optimum Damkohler number are different between different laboratories and only scale to a master curve. This paper bridges the gap between data sets from different laboratories that have been performed using different aspect ratios. This paper uses the approach of minimizing the pore volumes to breakthrough as a function of interstitial velocity. To use the Damkohler number, the reactivities of all the rocks would need to be known, and they are generally not available from published work. Therefore, temperature is used in this model instead of reactivity. This paper analyzes many plain hydrochloric acid test results and takes into account differences in temperature, acid concentration, core aspect ratio, porosity, and permeability. Having obtained a global function to describe all the data, the data can be collapsed to form a master curve. From this master curve, one can predict the optimum pump rate given a set of experiments conducted on a given rock regardless of aspect ratio. The new methodology allows improved optimization of acid wormholing using linear core test data from various laboratories by taking into account acid concentration, core aspect ratio, test temperature, and rock morphology in a single mathematical description.
Comprehensive quality assessment of optical satellite imagery using weakly supervised video learning (2023)

Identifying high-quality (i.e., relatively clear) measurements of surface conditions is a near-universal first step in working with optical satellite imagery. Many cloud masking algorithms have been developed to characterize the likelihood that reflectance measurements for individual pixels were influenced by clouds, cloud shadows, and other atmospheric effects. However, due to the continuous density of the atmospheric volume, we argue that quantification of occlusion and corruption effects is better treated as a regression problem rather than a discretized classification problem as done in prior work. We propose a space-time context network trained using a bootstrapping procedure that leverages millions of automatically-mined video sequences informed by a weakly supervised measure of atmospheric similarity. We find that our approach outperforms existing machine learning and physical basis cloud and cloud shadow detection algorithms, producing state-of-the-art results for Sentinel-2 imagery on two different out-of-distribution reference datasets. The resulting product offers a flexible quality assessment (QA) solution that enables both standard cloud and cloud shadow masking via thresholding and more complex image grading for compositing or downstream models. By way of generality, minimal supervision, and scale of our training data, our approach has the potential to significantly improve the utility and usability of optical remote sensing imagery.
Draft Genome Sequences of Four Virulent Aeromonas hydrophila Strains from Catfish Aquaculture (2016)

Since 2009, a clonal group of virulent Aeromonas hydrophila strains has been causing severe disease in the catfish aquaculture industry in the southeastern United States. Here, we report draft genomes of four A. hydrophila isolates from catfish aquaculture that represent this clonal group.
3D Computational Model for an Electrochemical Gas Separation and Inerting System (2022)

Aircraft fuel tank inerting is employed to reduce the flammability of the fuel vapor in the ullage (air volume above the fuel) by restricting its oxygen concentration to a safe value—12% for commercial aircraft and 9% for military aircraft. Inerting is typically accomplished by displacing oxygen in the ullage with an inert gas like nitrogen. Electrochemical gas separation and inerting system (EGSIS) is an on-board method to generate and supply nitrogen-enriched air (NEA) to the fuel tank. EGSIS combines a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzer anode which dissociates water to evolve oxygen, and a PEM fuel cell cathode which reduces oxygen from atmospheric air to produce NEA at its outlet. This paper represents the first attempt to model and simulate EGSIS using a three-dimensional, steady state, isothermal model. Various EGSIS performance indicators such as current density, reactant concentration distribution, and polarization curves are studied as a function of operating conditions and design parameters. The results from the computational model are validated against our previous experimental results for various operating conditions. The simulation results reveal the effects of temperature, reactant flowrates, and material property optimization on EGSIS performance. Different operating strategies are explored with the goal of improving system performance.
Transmission of CJD from nasal brushings but not spinal fluid or RT‐QuIC product (2020)

Pellets from patients' olfactory mucosa brushings had ≥10,000-fold lower infectivity per unit volume than brain tissue, while CSF lacked detectable infectivity. Nonetheless, the results suggest that appropriate precautions may be warranted in surgical interventions involving the olfactory areas. The lack of pathogenic infectivity in the real-time quaking-induced conversion assay products provides evidence that the assay does not replicate biohazardous prions in vitro.
Preparation of conductivepolyaniline/chlorosulfonated polyethylene blends viasolution mixing and study of their properties (2012)

Polyaniline soluble in organic solvents was prepared by oxidative polymerisation of aniline in dodecylbenzenesulphonic acid (DBSA) media. The solubility parameter was calculated [1] and the most suitable solvent (tetrahydrofuran) was selected [2] for the solubility and the
most compatible polymer chlorosulfonated polyethylene [PCSPE] was selected for blending. Blending of polyaniline dodecylbenzenesulfonate (PAni.DBSA) with poly(chlorosulfonated polyethylene) was carried out via solution mixing.
Morphological studies were carried out by optical microscopy and TEM, and thermal analysis was performed. All the techniques showed a good degree of compatibility between the two polymers.
The electrical conductivities of blends with proportions of 1 to 50 wt% PAni.DBSA were measured by 2- and 4-probe techniques. The conductivity increased as the proportion of PAni.DBSA increased, showing a percolation threshold [3] below 1% by mass, which was explained by a change in the conformation of the polymeric chains leading to an increase in the conductivity. The critical exponent for percolation [4] was estimated. 

Keywords: conductive polymers; blends; PAni.DBSA; poly(chlorosulfonated polyethylene); conducting blends

References

[1] Hoy KL. Journal of Paint Technology 1970, 42, 76.
[2] Poussin D, Morgan H, Foot PJS. Polymer International 2003, 52, 433–8.
[3] Yong KC, Foot PJS et al, European Polymer Journal 2006, 42, 1716-1727
[4] Stauffer D. Introduction to Percolation Theory. London: Taylor and Francis, 1985.
A First Model of the Dynamics of the Bacteriophage T4 Injection Machinery (2016)

Bacteriophage T4 is one of the most common and complex of the tailed viruses that infect host bacteria using an intriguing contractile tail assembly. Despite extensive progress in resolving the structure of T4, the dynamics of the injection machinery remains largely unknown. This paper contributes a first model of the injection machinery that is driven by elastic energy stored in a structure known as the sheath. The sheath is composed of helical strands of protein that suddenly collapse from an energetic, extended conformation prior to infection to a relaxed, contracted conformation during infection. We employ Kirchhoff rod theory to simulate the nonlinear dynamics of a single protein strand coupled to a model for the remainder of the virus, including the coupled translation and rotation of the head (capsid), neck, and tail tube. Doing so provides an important building block toward the future goal of modeling the entire sheath structure which is composed of six interacting helical protein strands. The resulting numerical model exposes fundamental features of the injection machinery including the time scale and energetics of the infection process, the nonlinear conformational change experienced by the sheath, and the contribution of hydrodynamic drag on the head (capsid).
Light-Emitting Self-Assembled Materials Based on d8 and d10 Transition Metal Complexes (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTLight-Emitting Self-Assembled Materials Based on d8 and d10 Transition Metal ComplexesVivian Wing-Wah Yam*, Vonika Ka-Man Au, and Sammual Yu-Lut LeungView Author Information Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2015, 115, 15, 7589–7728Publication Date (Web):July 9, 2015Publication History Received5 February 2015Published online9 July 2015Published inissue 12 August 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00074https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00074review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views23994Altmetric-Citations1311LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Crystal structure,Excited states,Gold,Ligands,Luminescence Get e-Alerts
Spatially modulated fluorescence emission from moving particles (2009)

An optical detection technique for a flow cytometer is described, which delivers high signal-to-noise discrimination without precision optics to enable a flow cytometer that can combine high performance, robustness, compactness, low cost, and ease of use. The enabling technique is termed “spatially modulated emission” and generates a time-dependent signal as a continuously fluorescing bioparticle traverses a predefined pattern for optical transmission. Correlating the detected signal with the known pattern achieves high discrimination of the particle signal from background noise. The technique is demonstrated with measurements of fluorescent beads flowing through a microfluidic chip.
Correlation of Chromosomal Instability, Telomere Length and Telomere Maintenance in Microsatellite Stable Rectal Cancer: A Molecular Subclass of Rectal Cancer (2013)

MSS rectal cancer appears to represent a heterogeneous group of tumors that may be categorized both on the basis of CIN status and telomere maintenance mechanism. MSS CIN- rectal cancers appear to have longer telomeres than those of MSS CIN+ rectal cancers and to utilize ALT rather than activation of telomerase.
Gene expression profiling and silencing reveal that monolignol biosynthesis plays a critical role in penetration defence in wheat against powdery mildew invasion (2008)

Cell wall apposition (CWA) formation is one of the first lines of defence used by plants to halt invading fungi such as powdery mildew. Lignin is a complex polymer of hydroxylated and methoxylated phenylpropane units (monolignols) and lignification renders the cell wall more resistant to pathogen attack. The role of monolignol biosynthesis in CWA-mediated defence against powdery mildew penetration into cereals is demonstrated here using RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated gene silencing and enzyme-specific inhibitors. Thirteen cDNAs representing eight genes involved in monolignol biosynthesis were cloned from an expression sequence tag (EST) library derived from the epidermis of diploid wheat (Triticum monococcum) infected with Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt). Differential expression patterns were found for these genes in susceptible and resistant plants after infection. Transcripts of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (CAOMT), ferulic acid hydroxylase (FAH), caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase (CCoAMT), and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) were accumulated, particularly in the epidermis. RNAi-mediated transient gene silencing in the epidermis led to a higher penetration efficiency of Bgt than in the controls. Gene silencing also compromised penetration resistance to varying degrees with different genes against an inappropriate pathogen, B. graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh). Co-silencing led to greater penetration of Bgt or Bgh than when the genes were silenced separately. Fluorescence emission spectra analyses revealed that gene silencing hampered host autofluorescence response at fungal contact sites. These results illustrate that monolignol biosynthesis is critically important for host defence against both appropriate and inappropriate pathogen invasion in wheat.
AI-Based Resource Management in Beyond 5G Cloud Native Environment (2021)

5G system and beyond targets a large number of emerging applications and services that will create extra overhead on network traffic. These industrial verticals have aggressive, contentious, and conflicting requirements that make the network have an arduous mission for achieving the desired objectives. It is expected to get requirements with close to zero time latency, high data rate, and network reliability. Fortunately, a ray of hope comes shining the way of telecom providers with the new progress and achievements in machine learning, cloud computing, micro-services, and the ETSI ZSM era. For this reason there is a colossal impetus from industry and academia toward applying these techniques by creating a new concept called CCN environment that can cohabit and adapt according to the network and resource state, and perceived KPIs. In this article, we pursue the aforementioned concept by providing a unified hierarchical closed-loop network and service management framework that can meet the desired objectives. We propose a cloud-na-tive simulator that accurately mimics cloud-native environments, and enables us to quickly evaluate new frameworks and ideas. The simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of our simulator for parroting the real testbeds in various metrics.