gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Survey of Xylella fastidiosa Infection in Prunus Germplasm in Gainesville, FL, USA (2023)

The pathogen Xylella fastidiosa is a xylem-restricted, gram-negative bacterium that is known to cause diseases of many cultivated plant species. Recent outbreaks of X. fastidiosa diseases in Europe have brought attention to the impact of this pathogen, especially to perennial crops. Among the Prunus genus, X. fastidiosa is known to have a wide range of hosts, including plum, almond, peach, cherry, and apricot. Infected trees have reduced fruit quality, possibly resulting in unmarketable fruits, as well as reduced lifespan. There are no curative management options for X. fastidiosa diseases in Prunus ; therefore, development of resistant or tolerant cultivars through breeding represents an efficient option to reduce the impact of this pathogen. In this context, the main objective of this study was to determine the occurrence of X. fastidiosa in germplasm of the Stone Fruit Breeding Program at the University of Florida located in Gainesville, FL, USA, under natural infection conditions. A total of 43 individuals representing 10 different genotypic groups within the Prunus genus were tested for the presence of X. fastidiosa . Additionally, we report a novel and easy sampling method using sawdust collected from tree trunks for the detection of this pathogen in Prunus and the development of an endogenous control for improving the diagnosis of this pathogen using real-time polymerase chain reactions. Our results showed a high incidence of X. fastidiosa in the germplasm tested, with more than 65% of the samples positive for the presence of the bacterial pathogen. However, X. fastidiosa was not detected in most of the P. mume samples tested, whereas almost all the P. mume × P. armeniaca hybrids were positive. Negative individuals were also identified in P. avium , P. campanulata , P. umbellata , and P. salicina × P. ceracifera. These trees have been planted in the field, exposed to natural infection for 4 to 11 years, and are considered to show field resistance. Finally, primers and probes based on the Prunus COX gene developed in this study can be used as an internal amplification control to enhance the interpretation of results of X. fastidiosa detection assays using sawdust samples.
Role of miR-145 in human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (2014)

We have demonstrated the deregulation of miR-145 and SOX2 in laryngeal SCC. Based on these results, we propose that miR-145, as an important regulator of SOX2, carries crucial roles in laryngeal SCC tumorigenesis.
Factor IX Kawachinagano: impaired function of the Gla‐domain caused by attached propeptide region due to substitution of arginine by glutamine at position −4 (1989)

Factor IX Kawachinagano (KWC) is a mutant factor IX protein initially recognized in a patient with severe haemophilia B, who had 46% of normal factor IX antigen and no detectable clotting activity. Previous studies indicated that factor IX KWC was not activated by factor XIa in the presence of Ca ions. In the present study, we purified and analysed factor IX KWC at a structural level in an attempt to clarify the nature of the impaired reaction with factor XIa. Kinetic studies showed that activation of factor IX KWC by factor X activator from Russell's viper venom (RVV-X) was normal, whereas activation by factor XIa was defective. Amino acid sequence analysis of tryptic peptides and direct analysis of the NH2-terminal sequence of factor IX KWC demonstrated that this mutant factor IX retained the propeptide region of 18 amino acids due to a substitution of arginine-(-4) by glutamine. These data suggested that the Gla-domain of factor IX KWC was dysfunctional, although the total gamma-Gla content, measured by alkaline-hydrolysis, was normal. We assumed that this attached propeptide region of the molecule directly interferes with the adjacent NH2-terminus and prevents the metal-induced conformational changes which are essential for biological activity of normal factor IX.
Mixed Carbonate-Siliciclastic Sequence Development and Chemostratigraphy On a Distal Foreland During Miocene Glaciation, Eastern Saudi Arabia (2012)

The Miocene of the Lidam area, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia, was studied to examine the interaction of glacio-esustasy during moderate Antarctic glaciation, within a small back bulge basin on the slowly subsiding distal Arabian foreland, distal from the active Zagros fold-thrust belt. Low subsidence rates of 1 to 4 cm/k.y generated the long-term accommodation, which were considerable slower than those in the proximal foredeep in Iran. Deposition of the siliciclastics was driven by lowered sea levels, and moderately humid to arid climate. Rising sea levels pushed the siliciclastics updip allowing mixed siliciclastics and carbonates to form downdip, under semi-arid climate and locally hypersaline conditions. Maximum transgression slightly predated the Middle Miocene climatic optimum when prograding siliciclastics migrated across the platform. Falling triggered siliciclastic deposition under semi-arid climate. Sequences appear to relate to long-term obliquity (~1.2 m.y. cycles) and long-term eccentricity (400 k.y.) cycles. The succession contains numerous missing beats reflecting the updip position of the study area, and sea level changes of tens of meters that frequently exposed the platform. Siliciclastic units commonly are incised into muddy sediments beneath sequence boundaries. Multiple exposure surfaces occur within Hadrukh brecciated palustrine carbonates. Within Dam carbonates, parasequence boundaries commonly are capped by tidal flat laminites (some of which are incipiently brecciated). High frequency negative excursions of ∂¹³C within the succession appear to relate to near-surface diagenesis by soil gas depleted in ∂¹³C beneath sequence boundaries. Positive C isotope excursions in the Lidam Miocene section can be tied to similar excursions in Qatar and UAE, where Sr isotope dates constrain the ages of the units. The overall C isotope profile at Lidam shows depleted values early in the Miocene to heavy values in the Middle Miocene, becoming lighter again in the late Miocene. The profile appears to follow the long-term global ∂¹³C curve. Incursion of meteoric groundwaters into the study area was driven by the long-term global sea level changes. Oxygen isotopes are surprisingly light, extending down to -12.5 ‰VPDB. The very light δ¹⁸O values of the meteoric waters may be explained by rainfall associated with enhanced Miocene Indian monsoons, and with far travelled air mass trajectories migrating across north Africa and from the polar region.
Troglitazone inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell growth and intimal hyperplasia. (1996)

Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration are responses to arterial injury that are highly important to the processes of restenosis and atherosclerosis. In the arterial balloon injury model in the rat, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) are induced in the vessel wall and regulate these VSMC activities. Novel insulin sensitizing agents, thiazolidinediones, have been demonstrated to inhibit insulin and epidermal growth factor-induced growth of VSMCs. We hypothesized that these agents might also inhibit the effect of PDGF and bFGF on cultured VSMCs and intimal hyperplasia in vivo. Troglitazone (1 microM), a member of the thiazolidinedione class, produced a near complete inhibition of both bFGF-induced DNA synthesis as measured by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation (6.5+/-3.9 vs. 17.6+/-4.3% cells labeled, P < 0.05) and c-fos induction. This effect was associated with an inhibition (by 73+/-4%, P < 0.01) by troglitazone of the transactivation of the serum response element, which regulates c-fos expression. Inhibition of c-fos induction by troglitazone appeared to occur via a blockade of the MAP kinase pathway at a point downstream of MAP kinase activation by MAP kinase kinase. At this dose, troglitazone also inhibited PDGF-BB-directed migration of VSMC (by 70+/-6%, P < 0.01). These in vitro effects were operative in vivo. Quantitative image analysis revealed that troglitazone-treated rats had 62% (P < 0.001) less neointima/media area ratio 14 d after balloon injury of the aorta compared with injured rats that received no troglitazone. These results suggest troglitazone is a potent inhibitor of VSMC proliferation and migration and, thus, may be a useful agent to prevent restenosis and possibly atherosclerosis.
Three-bodyHe3photodisintegration in the Δ region (1994)

Three-body $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ photodisintegration was measured in the photon energy range (${\mathit{E}}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}$) of 145--425 MeV. The total cross section for photon absorption on the np pairs in $^{3}\mathrm{He}$, \ensuremath{\sigma}${(}^{3}$He(\ensuremath{\gamma},np)${\mathit{p}}_{\mathrm{sp}}$), where ${\mathit{p}}_{\mathrm{sp}}$ is a spectator proton, is reported here for the first time. The ${\mathit{E}}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}$ dependence of the \ensuremath{\sigma} is found to scale to that of \ensuremath{\sigma}${(}^{2}$H(\ensuremath{\gamma},np)), and the ratio is determined to be \ensuremath{\sigma}${(}^{3}$He(\ensuremath{\gamma},np)${\mathit{p}}_{\mathrm{sp}}$)/\ensuremath{\sigma}${(}^{2}$H(\ensuremath{\gamma},np))=1.24\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.,26.
Controlled traffic farming in precision agriculture (2018)

In the past few decades, there has been a continuous drive towards the development and adoption of larger, and more powerful, agricultural machinery (Kutzbach, 2000; Jorgensen, 2012). Larger machinery is often related with timeliness, higher work rates and lower labour requirements, which has led to significant improvements both in efficiency and productivity (Vermeulen et al., 2010). A drawback of this trend has been the associated increase in machinery weight, which has, to some extent, offset advances made by the industry in developing improved running gear, such as in tyre (e.g. radial ply tyres) and track technology (e.g. rubber belts) to reduce contact pressures (Ansorge and Godwin, 2008; Antille et al., 2013; Misiewicz et al., 2015). The progressive increase in axle loads, as observed for example with harvesting equipment (e.g. Ansorge and Godwin, 2007; Bennett et al., 2015), means that soil stresses have also continued to increase, extending deeper into the subsoil (e.g. ≥0.3 MPa at 400 mm deep) and exceeding historic values, such as those resulting from in-furrow ploughing (Koolen et al., 1992; Chamen, 2015).
ChemInform Abstract: Steric Effects in Stress Corrosion Fracture of Glass. (1988)

Abstract Crack growth rates in silica glass have been measured in the presence of a series of chemical agents having similar chemical reactivity and systematically increasing molecular size.
Biological Properties of Plant Flavonoids: An Overview (1996)

Plant flavonoids are a large group of naturally occurring phenylchromones found in fruits, vegetables, grains, bark, roots, stems, flowers, tea and wine. While as much as several hundred milligrams are consumed in the average western diet, much work remains to be done on the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of these compounds. A variety of in vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that selected flavonoids possess antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antioxidant activities. Moreover, acting by several different mechanisms, particular flavonoids have been shown to exert significant anticancer activity including anticarcinogenic and prodifferentiative activities. Certain flavonoids possess potent inhibitory activity against a wide array of enzymes but of particular note is their inhibitory effects on several enzyme systems intimately connected to cell activation processes such as protein kinase C, protein tyrosine kineses, and phospholipase A 2. It has been suggested that biologically activated cells are susceptible to the modulating effects of flavonoids. The cell types that are influenced by flavonoids including mast cells, basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, T & B Iymphocytes, macrophages, platelets, smooth muscle, hepatocytes and others. On balance, a considerable body of evidence suggests that plant flavonoids may be health- promoting, disease-preventing dietary compounds.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin (Enoxaparin) to Prevent Deep-Vein Thrombosis in Patients Undergoing Elective Hip Surgery (1986)

There is experimental evidence that low-molecular-weight fractions of heparin are as effective as the standard form but cause less bleeding. We therefore performed a double-blind, randomized trial comparing PK10169 low-molecular-weight heparin with placebo for the prevention of venous thrombosis in patients undergoing elective hip surgery. Prophylactic treatment with a fixed dose was begun postoperatively and continued for 14 days. Fifty patients in each treatment group underwent surveillance with [125I]fibrinogen leg scanning and impedance plethysmography. In the first 24 patients, venography was performed only if either surveillance test was positive. Because the rate of venous thrombosis detected in those patients was unexpectedly low, venography was requested in the remaining 76 patients, even if the screening tests were negative. In this latter group, venous thrombosis occurred in 4 patients (10.8 percent) given PK10169 heparin and 20 patients (51.3 percent) given placebo (P = 0.0002); the corresponding rates for proximal-vein thrombosis were 5.4 percent and 23.1 percent, respectively (P = 0.029). In the entire group of 100 patients, venous thrombosis occurred in 12 percent of those given PK10169 heparin and 42 percent of those given placebo (P = 0.0007), and the corresponding rates for proximalvein thrombi were 4 percent and 20 percent, respectively (P = 0.014). The observed hemorrhagic rate was 4 percent in each treatment group. We conclude that prophylaxis with fixed-dose PK10169 heparin is effective and safe for patients undergoing elective hip replacement.
Phase I-II trial of pentoxifylline for the prevention of transplant- related toxicities following bone marrow transplantation [published erratum appears in Blood 1992 Jun 15;79(12):3397] [see comments] (1991)

Disease relapse and transplant related toxicities have limited the application of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in the treatment for hematologic malignancies. Because elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) have been correlated with the development of transplant related complications, we conducted a phase I-II trial of pentoxifylline (PTX), a xanthine derivative capable of down-regulating TNF-alpha production, in patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing BMT. Thirty consecutive adult patients (median age, 34) were entered and received either an allogeneic (n = 26) or autologous (n = 4) BMT. Patients were enrolled at increasing dose levels (1,200, 1,600, and 2,000 mg/d) from day -10 through day +100 posttransplant. PTX was well tolerated with no significant adverse side effects noted at any of the dose levels administered. The actuarial day 100 survival for these 30 patients was 90% (95% confidence interval 79% to 100%). When compared with a good risk control group, PTX recipients experienced less mucositis (3.7 +/- 1.1 v 18.7 +/- 1.1 days, P = .004), less hepatic venocclusive disease (10% v 65%, P = .001), a lower incidence of renal insufficiency (3% v 65%, P = .0003), required less days of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) (24.0 +/- 1.3 v 35.0 +/- 2.4, P = .001) and were discharged from the hospital earlier than controls (day 26.0 +/- 1.8 v 37.0 +/- 3.8, P = .01). In addition the incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) greater than or equal to grade II was also reduced among the PTX recipients (35% v 68%, P = .03). PTX at doses in excess of 1,200 mg/d further reduced the severity of mucositis, and TPN requirements resulting in earlier hospital discharge than patients receiving 1,200 mg/d of PTX. In this study oral administration of PTX in doses up to 2,000 mg/d was well tolerated and associated with a reduction in morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing BMT. Prospective randomized trials are currently in progress to test these preliminary observations.
The Lombard Effect in Spontaneous Dialog Speech (2011)

The Lombard effect – environmental noise affects speech production – has already been studied extensively for read lab speech. In this study spontaneous dialog speech produced by 24 German speakers has been recorded under noisy conditions and analysed for the Lombard effect. A sophisticated experimental setup using behind-the-ear hearing aid equipment allows us to insert real car noise into the perceived audio stream of speakers while maintaining the normal auditory feedback loop. We found that the main Lombard effects – rising fundamental frequency and intensity – can be confirmed for dialog speech. Speaking rate did not slow down although reported earlier for read speech. We also found that certain rhythmicity features regarding the dynamic of the RMS energy contour change significantly under Lombard conditions but only for the female speakers. Index Terms: Lombard effect, dialog speech, spontaneous speech, fundamental frequency, energy, rhythmicity features
[ADC Characterization in Time Domain] Frequency Estimation to Linearize Time-Domain Analysis of A/D Converters (2006)

Time-domain analysis is a powerful tool for testing A/D converters (ADCs), particularly by incoherent sampling. This sampling is encountered for instance in real application and systems where the clock is generated by an on-board crystal oscillator. In the case of the sine-wave model for ADC output samples, fitting a sine-wave function to the data record is nonlinear with respect to the frequency. To overcome the convergence problem, the authors propose some alternative methods based on frequency estimation by means of fast Fourier transform and eigenanalysis of the autocorrelation matrix. This leads to a simple linear problem. The effectiveness of these methods is proven on both simulation and experimental results.
Perturbations in cell signaling elicit early cardiac defects in mucopolysaccharidosis type II (2017)

Morphogens release and activity can be negatively affected by an impaired glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) turnover and proteoglycans assembly in the extracellular matrix, leading to altered tissue morphogenesis. In this work, we show that loss of Iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) activity, affecting GAGs catabolism and responsible for a life-threatening valvulopathy in mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPSII), triggers early Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) and Wnt/β-catenin signaling defects, leading to aberrant heart development and atrioventricular valve formation in a zebrafish model. In addition, we consistently found impaired Shh signaling activity and cardiac electrophysiological abnormalities in IDS knockout mice at postnatal stages before any evident massive GAGs accumulation. These results suggest that IDS activity substantially affect cardiac morphogenesis through impaired Shh signaling and document an unexplored role of the enzyme in the fine-tuning of cell signaling pathways.
A multiplying encoder for digital signal processing (1988)

A multiplying encoder which generates a product of comparators output of flash type analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and the digital coefficient data in several nanoseconds will be revealed. As an application of the multiplying encoder, an analog input digital filter (ADF) which integrates one ADC and 16 multiplying encoders will also be reported.
Control of the dissociative mechanism in the hydrolysis of aryl 4-hydroxybenzoates (1984)

The title esters hydrolyse in mildly alkaline aqueous solution via either a E1 cB or BAC2 mechanism, depending on the basicity of the leaving phenolate ion; at high pH's a bimolecular anion–anion reaction carries the reaction flux.
Undetected Small Accessory Mental Foramina Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (2017)

The clinician should be aware that smaller foramina might not be detected on these images.
Introdução ao Espalhamento Brillouin em guias de onda (2019)

O Espalhamento Brillouin torna-se extremamente relevante em guias de onda quando a potência incidente é suficiente para induzir ondas acústicas por eletrostrição. Nesse caso, o espalhamento é estimulado pela transferência de energia das ondas eletromagnéticas para as ondas sonoras. O perfil do espectro retroespalhado determinado experimentalmente apresentou um crescimento exponencial da componente Stokes em função da potência incidente. Através de soluções numéricas, foi mostrado que essencialmente toda luz é refletida para potência incidente suficientemente alta.
Abstract 4740: Agonist anti-CD137 mAb act on tumor endothelial cells to enhance recruitment ofactivated T lymphocytes (2011)

Abstract Agonist monoclonal antibodies to the immune co-stimulatory molecule CD137, also known as 4-1BB, are presently in clinical trials for cancer treatment based on their co-stimulatory effects on primed T cells and perhaps other cells of the immune system. Here we provide evidence that CD137 is selectively expressed on the surface of tumor endothelial cells. Hypoxia upregulated CD137 on murine endothelial cells. Treatment of tumor-bearing immunocompromised Rag-/- mice with agonist CD137 mAb did not elicit any measurable anti-angiogenic effects. In contrast, agonist mAb stimulated tumor endothelial cells, increasing cell surface expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin. When adoptively transferred into mice, activated T lymphocytes derived from CD137-deficient animals entered more avidly into tumor tissue after treatment with agonist mAb. This effect could be neutralized with anti-ICAM-1 and anti-VCAM-1 blocking antibodies. Thus, stimulation of CD137 not only enhanced T cell activation but also augmented their trafficking into malignant tissue, through direct actions on the blood vessels that irrigate the tumor. Our findings identify an additional mechanism of action that can explain the immunotherapeutic effects of agonist CD137 antibodies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4740. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4740
Haut und Hormone: Aktuelles aus der Dermato-Endokrinologie (2013)

Drug Prescribing for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in General Practice: a Cross-Sectional Study
Planning with task-oriented knowledge acquisition for a service robot (2016)

We propose a framework for a service robot to behave intelligently in domains that contain incomplete information, underspecified goals and dynamic change. Human robot interaction (HRI), sensing actions and physical actions are uniformly formalized in action language BC. An answer set solver is called to generate plans that guide the robot to acquire task-oriented knowledge and execute actions to achieve its goal, including interacting with human to gather information and sensing the environment to help motion planning. By continuously interpreting and grounding useful sensing information, robot is able to use contingent knowledge to adapt to unexpected changes and faults. We evaluate the approach on service robot Ke-Jia that serves drink to guests, a testing benchmark for general-purpose service robot proposed by [email protected] competition.
Aperture-coupled printed antenna for MMIC applications (2002)

Experimental results of an aperture-coupled microstrip antenna, fed from a Transmit/Receive (T/R) case are presented. First the authors show graphical design curves, based on extensive measurements, which enable one to choose the geometrical parameters of the radiator according to desired frequency and bandwidth. Then same experimental results of an X-band active antenna are shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>