gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
261. Recombinant Adeno-Associated Viral (rAAV) Microdystrophin Vectors as Therapeutic Tools for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) (2005)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal genetic muscle disorder affecting 1:3500 male individuals, caused by recessive mutations in the dystrophin gene. The size of the gene (2.4Mb) and mRNA (14kb) in addition to immunogenicity problems and inefficient transduction of mature myofibres by currently available vector systems (that could incorporate the full dystrophin cDNA cassette) are formidable obstacles to the development of gene therapy. AAV vectors overcome many of the problems associated with other vector systems but accommodate limited transgene capacity (<5kb). More than 8 AAV vector serotypes have been identified to date with certain serotypes (1, 5, 6, 7) displaying more favourable tropism in transducing muscle fibers compared to the traditionally used AAV2.
Structural and functional implications of the phospholamban hinge domain: impaired SR Ca2+ uptake as a primary cause of heart failure (2002)

Increased inhibition of Ca2+ sequestration may be a causative factor in the development of left ventricular dysfunction and myocyte remodeling leading to heart failure. Furthermore, the hinge domain may play an important role in transmitting PLB's regulatory effects on SERCA.
Silica gel mediated photoreactivity of (.eta.6-arene)tricarbonylchromium(0) complexes (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSilica gel mediated photoreactivity of (.eta.6-arene)tricarbonylchromium(0) complexesMary E. Zawadzki and Arthur B. EllisCite this: Organometallics 1984, 3, 2, 192–197Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1984https://doi.org/10.1021/om00080a002RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views44Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (824 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Hypothyroid state does not protect but delays neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 region following transient cerebral ischemia: Focus on oxidative stress and gliosis (2010)

We investigated protective effects of hypothyroidism on delayed neuronal death, gliosis, lipid peroxidation and Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) after 5 min of transient cerebral ischemia. The hypothyroidism was induced by 0.025% methimazole treatment. Free triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels were markedly decreased in the hypothyroid group. Four days after ischemia/reperfusion, only a few NeuN-immunoreactive (+) neurons were detected in the CA1 of euthyroid-ischemia (eu-ischemia) group; however, at this time point, the number of NeuN(+) neurons was significantly higher in the hypothyroid-ischemia (hypo-ischemia) group than in the eu-ischemia group. At 5 days postischemia, NeuN(+) neurons were significantly decreased in the hypo-ischemia group: The number of NeuN(+) neurons in this group was similar to that in the eu-ischemia group. Activations of GFAP(+) astrocytes and Iba-1(+) microglia in the CA1 were higher in the eu-ischemia group 3 and 4 days after ischemia/reperfusion. At 5 days postischemia, the activations of both the glial cells in the CA1 were similar between the two groups. 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), a marker for lipid peroxidation, immunoreactivity in the eu-ischemia group was higher than in the hypo-ischemia group; at 5 days postischemia, the immunoreactivity was similar between the two groups. In contrast, SOD1 level was lower in the CA1 of the eu-ischemia group. These results suggest that hypothyroid state does not protect against delayed neuronal death but only delays the neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 region after transient cerebral ischemia by reducing lipid peroxidation and increasing SOD1.
Combining lexical and prosodic features for automatic detection of sentence modality in French (2015)

International audience
Electrostatic Modeling Predicts the Activities of Orthopoxvirus Complement Control Proteins (2005)

Regulation of complement activation by pathogens and the host are critical for survival. Using two highly related orthopoxvirus proteins, the vaccinia and variola (smallpox) virus complement control proteins, which differ by only 11 aa, but differ 1000-fold in their ability to regulate complement activation, we investigated the role of electrostatic potential in predicting functional activity. Electrostatic modeling of the two proteins predicted that altering the vaccinia virus protein to contain the amino acids present in the second short consensus repeat domain of the smallpox protein would result in a vaccinia virus protein with increased complement regulatory activity. Mutagenesis of the vaccinia virus protein confirmed that changing the electrostatic potential of specific regions of the molecule influences its activity and identifies critical residues that result in enhanced function as measured by binding to C3b, inhibition of the alternative pathway of complement activation, and cofactor activity. In addition, we also demonstrate that despite the enhanced activity of the variola virus protein, its cofactor activity in the factor I-mediated degradation of C3b does not result in the cleavage of the alpha' chain of C3b between residues 954-955. Our data have important implications in our understanding of how regulators of complement activation interact with complement, the regulation of the innate immune system, and the rational design of potent complement inhibitors that might be used as therapeutic agents.
Influenza A virus nucleoprotein is acetylated by histone acetyltransferases PCAF and GCN5 (2018)

Histone acetylation plays crucial roles in transcriptional regulation and chromatin organization. Viral RNA of the influenza virus interacts with its nucleoprotein (NP), whose function corresponds to that of eukaryotic histones. NP regulates viral replication and has been shown to undergo acetylation by the cAMP-response element (CRE)-binding protein (CBP) from the host. However, whether NP is the target of other host acetyltransferases is unknown. Here, we show that influenza virus NP undergoes acetylation by the two host acetyltransferases GCN5 and P300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) and that this modification affects viral polymerase activities. Western blot analysis with anti-acetyl-lysine antibody on cultured A549 human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells infected with different influenza virus strains indicated acetylation of the viral NP. A series of biochemical analyses disclosed that the host lysine acetyltransferases GCN5 and PCAF acetylate NP <i>in vitro</i> MS experiments identified three lysine residues as acetylation targets in the host cells and suggested that Lys-31 and Lys-90 are acetylated by PCAF and GCN5, respectively. RNAi-mediated silencing of <i>GCN5</i> and <i>PCAF</i> did not change acetylation levels of NP. However, interestingly, viral polymerase activities were increased by the <i>PCAF</i> silencing and were decreased by the <i>GCN5</i> silencing, suggesting that acetylation of the Lys-31 and Lys-90 residues has opposing effects on viral replication. Our findings suggest that epigenetic control of NP via acetylation by host acetyltransferases contributes to regulation of polymerase activity in the influenza A virus.
Race, Ethnicity, and the Patient-Caregiver Relationship (2002)

Shortly before his death in 1995, Kenneth B. Schwartz, a cancer patient at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), founded The Kenneth B. Schwartz Center at MGH. The Schwartz Center is a non-profit organization dedicated to supporting and advancing compassionate health care delivery, which provides hope to the patient, gives support to caregivers, and encourages the healing process. The center sponsors the Schwartz Center Rounds, a monthly multidisciplinary forum where caregivers reflect on important psychosocial issues faced by patients, their families, and their caregivers, and gain insight and support from fellow staff members. Racial discrimination is a pervasive problem with multiple damaging effects. It is naïve to believe that medicine is somehow immune to race-based practices, but there is a growing literature detailing poorer disease-specific outcomes in minority populations for a range of illnesses. A recent study in the New England Journal of Medicine has implicated physician prejudice as a significant contributing factor. The March 1999 Schwartz Center Rounds sought to explore the influence of ethnic bias on the patient-provider interaction and the quality of health care delivery. Using a different format with a current affairs video clip and an interactive panel discussion, participants were encouraged to identify the often subconscious racial prejudices which may undermine their relationships with patients. Staff members were challenged to think creatively about how institutions and individuals might promote "cultural competence" and a more equitable health care environment.
Application of a H4SiMo12O40@SiO2 catalyst with a hollow core–shell structure to oxidative desulfurization (2015)

Designing a catalyst with excellent recyclability to improve oxidative desulfurization continues to challenge many researchers.
Supplemental Figure Legends from IL15 Trispecific Killer Engagers (TriKE) Make Natural Killer Cells Specific to CD33<sup>+</sup> Targets While Also Inducing Persistence, <i>In Vivo</i> Expansion, and Enhanced Function (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure Legends&lt;/p&gt;
Novel 10-Hydroxydocosapolyenoic Acids from Deep-Water Scleractinian Corals (1999)

The new 10-hydroxydocosapolyenoic acids (10R,7Z,11E,13E,16Z,19Z)-10-hydroxydocosa-7,11,13,16,19-pentaenoic acid (1a) and (10R*,4Z,7Z,11E,13Z,16Z,19Z)-10-hydroxydocosa-4,7,11,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid (2a) were isolated as methyl esters 1b and 2b, respectively, following CH2N2 treatment of the EtOH extract of the scleractinian coral Madrepora oculata from deep-water of the southern Indian Ocean. From the same species from the Norwegian Sea, 1b and the methyl ester 3b of the new (10R,7Z,11E,13Z,16Z)-10-hydroxydocosa-7,11,13,16-tetraenoic acid (3a) were analogously isolated, while from the untreated extract, the free acid 3a itself could be isolated. The absolute configuration of 1a and 3a was established by the chiral exciton coupling of the C(10) benzoate esters 1c and 3c. Other known 10-hydroxydocosapolyenoic acids and 8-hydroxyeicosapolyenoic acid were also isolated from M. oculata from both locations. These results imply the intervention of a rare lipooxygenase with high ω13 specificity. In an examination of several other deep-water scleractinians, hydroxypolyenoic acids were found only in Lophelia pertusa from the northeastern Atlantic Ocean.
Multifunctional acoustic metamaterial composites (2011)

Composite structures used in aerospace applications are designed to optimize high bending stiffness to weight ratio. Acoustical performance of composite structures, however, is notoriously poor due to decreased mass law performance and decreased coincidence frequency. Efforts to improve the acoustic properties of composite structures have included optimization of material selection as well as addition of acoustic treatments. Additionally, development of composite structures to include multifunctional properties has increased. In this study, two types of multifunctional approaches were examined using acoustic metamaterials. Locally resonant acoustic metamaterials (LRAM), which have sound insulation performance of 500% increase over the mass law prediction, were integrated into a high-strength sandwich structure array to provide increased acoustic performance without increase in mass. LRAM were constructed of thin, tensioned membranes with centrally located masses in the form of small magnets. Varying the geometry of the metamaterial to tune effective frequencies optimized acoustic performance. Acoustic excitation of the central magnet was used to harvest energy by positioning a wire coil around each cell such that the displacement of the magnet induced a voltage. Combination of energy harvesting and array configurations produced multifunctional materials with three applications: increased stiffness, optimal acoustic performance, and harvesting of acoustic energy.
Consensus Statement on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Children with Idiopathic Short Stature: A Summary of the Growth Hormone Research Society, the Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society, and the European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology Workshop (2008)

ISS is defined auxologically by a height below -2 sd score (SDS) without findings of disease as evident by a complete evaluation by a pediatric endocrinologist including stimulated GH levels. Magnetic resonance imaging is not necessary in patients with ISS. ISS may be a risk factor for psychosocial problems, but true psychopathology is rare. In the United States and seven other countries, the regulatory authorities approved GH treatment (at doses up to 53 microg/kg.d) for children shorter than -2.25 SDS, whereas in other countries, lower cutoffs are proposed. Aromatase inhibition increases predicted adult height in males with ISS, but adult-height data are not available. Psychological counseling is worthwhile to consider instead of or as an adjunct to hormone treatment. The predicted height may be inaccurate and is not an absolute criterion for GH treatment decisions. The shorter the child, the more consideration should be given to GH. Successful first-year response to GH treatment includes an increase in height SDS of more than 0.3-0.5. The mean increase in adult height in children with ISS attributable to GH therapy (average duration of 4-7 yr) is 3.5-7.5 cm. Responses are highly variable. IGF-I levels may be helpful in assessing compliance and GH sensitivity; levels that are consistently elevated (>2.5 SDS) should prompt consideration of GH dose reduction. GH therapy for children with ISS has a similar safety profile to other GH indications.
Bone marrow transplantation in dogs after radio-ablation with a new Ho- 166 amino phosphonic acid bone-seeking agent (DOTMP) (1993)

beta-emitting 166Ho (t1/2 = 26.78 hours, E(beta)max = 1.8 MeV) complexed with the phosphonic acid chelator, 1,4,7,10 tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetra(methylene phosphonic acid) (DOTMP) at a ligand-to-metal ratio of 1.5:1 binds to bone. This radioactive complex is a marrow-ablating radiopharmaceutical that appears useful for preparation of bone marrow (BM) transplant recipients without the morbidity usually associated with total body irradiation preparatory regimens. We have found with seven splenectomized young adult beagle dogs that a 166Ho radiopharmaceutical dosage of 370 MBq/kg body weight provides an initial skeletal radioactivity burden of at least 1.5 GBq/kg skeleton and results in complete ablation of hematopoietic marrow cell populations within 7 days. The beta particle flux distribution in BM-forming skeletal tissue is not uniform. Red marrow radiation doses varied from 30 to 115 Gy as estimated by direct radioassay and autoradiographic analyses of both bone biopsies and postmortem samples; the median value of 61 Gy agreed with our theoretical expectations. In vivo radioactivity distribution was evaluated with nuclear imaging methods. Apparently, normal hematopoiesis was restored in three dogs with autologous BM transplants performed 5 to 6 days after administration of the marrow ablative radiopharmaceutical, 166Ho-DOTMP. BM biopsies at 7 to 10 months posttransplantation indicate continued normal hematopoietic activity.
Wave propogation scattering due to defect on thin composite plates (2013)

The engineering structures which based on laminated composites, have a high probability of unexpected damage development during services. The damage formations must be monitored from the beginning before it headed towards structural failure which could result in substantial damage. This lead to the necessity of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system to be installed during the construction of laminated composite structures. However, an understanding of damage area detection and damage characteristics is essential, before a SHM system can be integrated into the structures. This article presents the effects of propagating wave propagation through an existing damage on composite plates. Theoretically, a propagating wave that started from any source will vary when crossing an area with damage. This study shows a high frequency wave propagation (kHz range) show different reactions when passing through the damaged area, compared with the low frequency wave propagation. Results of the study will lead to good damage detection method, which utilizing the available vibration source; especially for the condition monitoring of thin laminated composite structures.
Wavelength-resolved all-Silicon microring avalanche photodiode for telecom wavelength detection (2022)

We report a p + pn + junction silicon microring avalanche photodiode based on linear defect state absorption. The large avalanche photocurrent gives rise to giant thermo-optic nonlinearity in the microring, resulting in a unique linear photocurrent-wavelength response.
Studies on phase transition of magnesium phthalocyanine and its potential application to optical recording medium. (1988)

マグネシウムフタロシアニン (MgPc) の相転移および追記型光記録媒体への応用について検討した。MgPc 蒸着膜をクロロホルムを含む種々のハロゲン系溶媒で処理することにより得られる結晶性薄膜 (x1-型会合体) を 110℃ 以上の温度で加熱処理をすると, その吸収スペクトルのλmaxは 820 から 690nm にシフトした。クロロホルム処理をした MgPc 蒸着膜および結晶について, 熱処理による変化を可視吸収スペクトル, 熱分析 (DSC) およびX線回折スペクトルにより解析した。その結果, x1-型結晶は, 熱処理により中間相を経てα-型結晶に相転移することがわかった。一方, MgPC とポリ (メチルメタクリラート), エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体などのポリマーを含むクロロホルム溶液を塗工することにより, x1-型会合体がポリマーマトリックス中に分散した塗主膜を得た。この会合体も加熱により消滅し, ポリマーの種類によっては単量体となってポリマートマリック中に分子分散した。x1-型 MgPc 蒸着膜および塗工膜媒体に半導体レーザー光 (発振波長:830=nm, パワー:3～10mW, ビーム径:1μm) を照射した結果, 透過率の増加が認められ, 相転移型光記録媒体への応用の可能性が示唆された。
An Area Efficient 19.25 GHz to 77 GHz Gilbert Cell Frequency Quadrupler with 55% Shrinked Delay Lines in 130nm SiGe BiCMOS (2019)

This paper presents an area-efficient 19.25 GHz to 77 GHz frequency quadrupler for automotive radar applications. To reduce chip area, the delay lines of each doubler stage have been drastically shrunk by means of meandering, slow wave structures, and capacitive loading. Additional circuit techniques were applied to further reduce chip area. Compared to previously published Gilbert cell frequency multipliers the presented quadrupler achieves the shortest electrical length of the delay lines reported so far allowing for compact, low-cost radar transceivers. The chip was implemented in a IHP 130nm SiGe BiCMOS technology (f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> /f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> =240/340GHz). It dissipates 91.5mW from a 3.3V supply.
Embracing diversity in the Barrelfish manycore operating system (2008)

We discuss diversity and heterogeneity in manycore computer systems, and identify three distinct types of diversity, all of which present challenges to operating system designers and application writers alike. We observe that most current research work has concentrated on a narrow form of one of these (non-uniform memory access) to the exclusion of the others, and show with measurement why this makes sense in the short term. However, we claim that this is not viable in the long term given current processor and system roadmaps, and present our approach to dealing with both heterogeneous hardware within a single system, and the increasing diversity of complete system configurations: we directly represent detailed system information in an expressive “system knowledge base ” accessible to applications and OS subsystems alike, and use this to control tasks such as scheduling and resource allocation. 1.
Chrymutasins: a new type of aglycone related to chartreusin; novel antitumour antibiotics from a mutant of Streptomyces chartreusis (1994)

H. Uchida, Y. Nakakita, N. Enoki, N. Abe, T. Nakamura and M. Munekata, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1994, 323 DOI: 10.1039/C39940000323
Pseudorandomness and Cryptographic Applications (1996)

From the Publisher:
A pseudorandom generator is an easy-to-compute function that stretches a short random string into a much longer string that looks just like a random string to any efficient adversary. One immediate application of a pseudorandom generator is the construction of a private key cryptosystem that is secure against chosen plaintext attack. There do not seem to be natural examples of functions that are pseudorandom generators. On the other hand, there do seem to be a variety of natural examples of another basic primitive: the one-way function. A function is one-way if it is easy to compute but hard for any efficient adversary to invert on average. The first half of the book shows how to construct a pseudorandom generator from any one-way function. Building on this, the second half of the book shows how to construct other useful cryptographic primitives, such as private key cryptosystems, pseudorandom function generators, pseudorandom permutation generators, digital signature schemes, bit commitment protocols, and zero-knowledge interactive proof systems. The book stresses rigorous definitions and proofs.
Metal Complexes of Phenylpiperazine‐Based Dithiocarbamate Ligands. Synthesis, Characterization, Spectroscopic, Thermal, and Antimicrobial Activity Studies (2003)

Potassium salts of phenylpiperazine (Phpzdtc), fluorophenylpiperazine (F‐Phpzdtc) and nitrophenylpiperazine (N‐Phpzdtc) dithiocarbamates and their manganese(II), iron(II), cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, UV‐VIS, magnetic moment measurements and thermal analysis techniques. On the basis of experimental data, the dithiocarbamates (dtcs) have been observed to coordinate to the metal ions via both sulphur atoms of the –NCS2 group forming metal complexes with a metal to ligand ratio of 1:2. The thermal reactivity and antimicrobial activity of the ligands and their metal complexes were also studied. The decomposition of the metal complexes resulted in the formation of the corresponding metal thiocyanates or cyanates as stable intermediates. Phpzdtc was found to be microbiologically more active than its nitro and fluoro derivatives and biological activity of the dtc ligands either remained unaltered or decreased on complexation with metal ions.
Contingencies for Bioelectronic Modification of Nasality (1972)

This article cites traditional difficulties in assessing and modifying nasality and proposes bioelectronic instrumentation, TONAR II, designed to overcome the problems. Specific criteria are listed for detecting and modifying nasality, and instrumental applications to meet the criteria are presented. A series of substudies are then reported which highlight important factors in the clinical management of nasality. Recent extension of the instrumentation to measure and manage other voice disorders is also described.