gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of key odor volatile compounds in the essential oil of nine peach accessions (2010)

This study reports the identification, quantification and potency, based on the OAVs, of the most important volatile compounds, along with fruit quality characteristics, of nine different peach/nectarine accessions and will help future peach volatile breeding programs for the selection of odor-rich accessions to be used in the development of new improved cultivars.
Device-level and module-level three-dimensional integrated circuits created using oblique processing (2016)

This paper demonstrates that another class of three-dimensional integrated circuits (3-D-ICs) exists, distinct from through-silicon-via-centric and monolithic 3-D-ICs. Furthermore, it is possible to create devices that are 3-D “at the device level” (i.e., with active channels oriented in each of the three coordinate axes), by performing standard CMOS fabrication operations at an angle with respect to the wafer surface into high aspect ratio silicon substrates using membrane projection lithography (MPL). MPL requires only minimal fixturing changes to standard CMOS equipment, and no change to current state-of-the-art lithography. Eliminating the constraint of two-dimensional planar device architecture enables a wide range of interconnect topologies which could help reduce interconnect resistance/capacitance, and potentially improve performance.
Grid‐ and dummy‐cluster‐based learning of normal and intrusive clusters for computer intrusion detection (2002)

Abstract As an important part of information security, computer intrusion detection aims at capturing intrusive activities occurring in computer and network systems. Many existing signature recognition techniques for intrusion detection cannot handle huge amounts of complex data from computer and network systems to detect intrusions in a scalable, incremental manner. This paper presents an application of an innovative data‐mining algorithm—CCAS—to intrusion detection through intrusion signature recognition. CCAS provides a scalable, incremental procedure to learn clusters of different classes (i.e. normal and intrusive classes) from historic training data of normal and intrusive activities in computer and network systems. These clusters of normal and intrusive computer activities are used to classify observed data of computer activities for intrusion detection. Two different methods of learning clusters are developed, tested and compared: grid based and dummy‐cluster based. Training and testing data are computer audit data produced by the Basic Security Module of a Solaris operating system to record activities in a UNIX‐based host machine. The two methods of CCAS are tested using four different input orders of training data points to examine the robustness (sensitivity) of these methods to the input order of training data points. The detection performance and robustness of both CCAS methods are analyzed. The testing results show that different input orders of training data have a certain impact on the performance of both methods. The impact on the performance of CCAS based on dummy clusters is more significant when all normal data are presented first, before attack data in the training data set. CCAS based on dummy clusters produces a better performance than grid‐based CCAS for three of the four input orders, and in overall produces fewer clusters and thus requires less computation time in clustering and classification for intrusion detection. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
A scheduling of database migration in wide-area networks (2000)

In broadband networks, appropriate use of database migration can drastically shorten the transaction processing time of a distributed database system. So far, we have proposed a transaction processing method based on database migration, where we have assumed that the network bandwidth is almost uniform and very broad over a whole network. However, WANs consist of various types of networks such as private LANs, narrowband public networks, and broadband backbones, and thus, it is difficult to control database migration in the granularity of the transaction and to execute database migration through networks other than backbones. Therefore, the proposed method cannot be used directly in such heterogeneous WAN environments. In this paper, we propose a scheduling method of database migration, which gives the shortest communication time for database operations, assuming that database migration is used in such heterogeneous WANs. We also discuss an implementation method of our proposed scheduling method in a practical environment. © 2000 Scripta Technica, Syst Comp Jpn, 31(10): 10-19, 2000
Evidence for diffusion-limited kinetics of ion-beam-induced epitaxial crystallization in silicon (1995)

The theoretical predictions of point defect related models for ion-beam-induced epitaxial crystallization (IBIEC) with reaction- or diffusion-limited kinetics are compared to each other and with experimental results. It is shown that the diffusion model provides the correct nuclear energy deposition and dose rate dependence of the IBIEC rate, whereas striking differences are observed for the reaction model. A compilation of several experimental data sets indicates a uniform diffusion regime for IBIEC in a wide range of defect generation rates. In this range the IBIEC rate can be estimated by a simple formula. The expected layer thickness dependence of the IBIEC rate is verified by in situ time-resolved reflectivity measurements. From these results it can be concluded that point defects originating from both the amorphous and the crystalline side contribute to IBIEC. It is speculated that divacancies are the defects which diffuse and stimulate the recrystallization at the amorphous/crystalline interface.
Comparison of Machine Learning Techniques with Classical Statistical Models in Predicting Health Outcomes (2004)

Several machine learning techniques (multilayer and single layer perceptron, logistic regression, least square linear separation and support vector machines) are applied to calculate the risk of death from two biomedical data sets, one from patient care records, and another from a population survey. Each dataset contained multiple sources of information: history of related symptoms and other illnesses, physical examination findings, laboratory tests, medications (patient records dataset), health attitudes, and disabilities in activities of daily living (survey dataset). Each technique showed very good mortality prediction in the acute patients data sample (AUC up to 0.89) and fair prediction accuracy for six year mortality (AUC from 0.70 to 0.76) in individuals from epidemiological database surveys. The results suggest that the nature of data is of primary importance rather than the learning technique. However, the consistently superior performance of the artificial neural network (multi-layer perceptron) indicates that nonlinear relationships (which cannot be discerned by linear separation techniques) can provide additional improvement in correctly predicting health outcomes.
Effects of Fermented Ginger Rhizome (Zingiber officinale) and Fenu Greek (Trigonella foenum-graceum) Supplements on Oxidative stress and Lipid Peroxidation Biomarkers in Poloxamer-407 Induced -Hyperlipidemic Wistar Rats. (2017)

This research was aimed at investigating the Effects of Fermented Ginger Rhizome (Zingiber officinale) and Fenu Greek (Trigonella foenum-graceum) on Oxidative stress and Lipid Peroxidation Biomarkers in Poloxamer 407Induced-Hyperlipidemic Wistar Rats. Hyperlipidaemia was induced with poloxamer P407 (1.5 g/kg b.w. i.p.) The Animals were grouped into six of five animals each group. Group 1 normal control, Group 2 served as the hyperlipidemic control, Group 3 administered 0.26 g/kg cholestyramine, Group 4 fed on Fenugreek 25% supplement. Group 5 fed on 25% fermented ginger supplement, while group 6 were fed on 25% ginger and fenu greek combined respectively. All treatments were given for a period of four week. Serum antioxidant activities such as catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Malondialdehyde were evaluated. As regards to the catalase activity there was a significant decrease in the groups' fed on 25% fenugreek and 25% fermented ginger supplements respectively. However, co-fed with both supplements significantly increase the catalase activity as compared with the hyperlipidaemic control untreated. Comparism with the positive control cholestyramine, there was also a significant increase. Also in relation to the SOD activity there was a significant increase in the activity as compared with the hyperlipidemic control. Furthermore, the Gpx activity there was a significant increase in the as compared with the hyperlipidemic control. oxidative stress biomarker activities SOD) there was significant increase (p<0.05) when compared with hyperlipidemic control. There was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the Malondialdehyde levels in the groups fed with the supplement when compared with hyperlipidemic control. In conclusion supplements of Fenugreek and Ginger improved antioxidant status and reduced Malondialdehyde in Poloxamer-407 Induced-Hyperlipidemic Wistar Rats.
Time-of-flight distance sensor with MOSFET lowpass filter as key element for suppression of ambient light (2010)

A lowpass filter consisting of small MOSFET transistors is presented for application in a time-of-flight distance sensor. As a decision-making element, it activates the mechanism for background-light suppression in combination with some logic components. The cutoff frequency around 1 MHz is designed to smooth a signal with 10 MHz ripple. A filter attenuation of −35 dB/decade is achieved at smaller area compared to an RC-filter of only first order in the used 0.6 µm BiCMOS technology. The functionality is proven by distance measurements up to 150 klx of extraneous light with centimetre accuracy, exceeding the performance of existing sensors.
Point Cloud Glue: constraining simulations using the procrustes transform (2010)

In physical simulation, it is frequently useful to define constraints between deformable objects, ensuring that one object follows another. Existing techniques for enforcing these constraints define the relationship between the objects using barycentric coordinates, a linear combination of vertices. While simple to implement and understand, barycentric coordinates have one important drawback: for stability, weights must be non-negative, which limits the types of constraints that can be defined. We introduce the Point Cloud Glue, which uses the nearest fit rigid rotation (the Procrustes transform) to the deformable object's particles. Our key contribution is to demonstrate that we can differentiate through this minimization in a numerically stable manner, allowing our method to be used in many constrained dynamics systems including those based on bindings/embeddings and those based on Lagrange multipliers. We demonstrate the flexibility of our method through several examples.
Quantitative Mechanochemical Methanation of CO2 with H2O in a Stainless Steel Ball Mill (2020)

Abstract Herein, we achieved nearly quantitative and selective mechanochemical conversion of CO2 to CH4 in the presence of H2O mediated by collision and friction of stainless steel balls without external heating, revealing that this conversion involves the formation of metal carbonates and hydrogenation by H2 gas in situ generated from H2O.
Designing an L-band phased array antenna for mobile satellite communications (2002)

In the standard design of a phased array antenna for mobile satellite communications, the cost of the array is prohibitive due to the use of expensive antenna elements and phase shifters. In this paper, low cost substrates for antenna elements and low cost diodes are used to build a good quality phased array. Special compensation techniques are applied to low-cost, low-quality diodes to improve their switching performance.
A step towards unifying schedule and storage optimization (2007)

We present a unified mathematical framework for analyzing the tradeoffs between parallelism and storage allocation within a parallelizing compiler. Using this framework, we show how to find a good storage mapping for a given schedule, a good schedule for a given storage mapping, and a good storage mapping that is valid for all legal (one-dimensional affine) schedules. We consider storage mappings that collapse one dimension of a multidimensional array, and programs that are in a single assignment form and accept a one-dimensional affine schedule. Our method combines affine scheduling techniques with occupancy vector analysis and incorporates general affine dependences across statements and loop nests. We formulate the constraints imposed by the data dependences and storage mappings as a set of linear inequalities, and apply numerical programming techniques to solve for the shortest occupancy vector. We consider our method to be a first step towards automating a procedure that finds the optimal tradeoff between parallelism and storage space.
A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial of CDP571, a humanized monoclonal antibody to tumour necrosis factor‐α, in patients with corticosteroid‐dependent Crohn's disease (2005)

The CDP571 was effective for corticosteroid-sparing at week 16 but not week 10, and was well-tolerated in patients with corticosteroid-dependent Crohn's disease.
Coarctation of the aorta from fetus to adult: curable condition or life long disease process? (2005)

oarctation of the aorta was described pathologically in the 1700s and clinical recognition occurred from the early 1900s. w1 w2 Postmortem data suggested a median age of death of 31 years-mainly from complications of the coarctation (cardiac failure in 26%, aortic rupture in 21%, bacterial endarteritis in 18%, and intracranial haemorrhage in 12%. w3 w4 The presurgical ''natural'' history data were similar accepting the case selection bias prevalent in that era. w5 Surgical repair was first described in 1945, balloon dilation in 1982, and stent implantation in 1991. w6-8 Currently, the clinical diagnosis (murmur, upper limb hypertension, and absent or diminished femoral pulses) can rapidly be confirmed non-invasively by echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and monitored by these techniques following treatment (fig Radiofemoral delay is a poor marker for follow up. 1 w9 The vast majority of coarctations are identified and treated in the first year of life and adult presentation is becoming less frequent.
Mechanistic and Structural Studies of Apoform, Binary, and Ternary Complexes of the Arabidopsis Alkenal Double Bond Reductase At5g16970 (2006)

In this study, we determined the crystal structures of the apoform, binary, and ternary complexes of the Arabidopsis alkenal double bond reductase encoded by At5g16970. This protein, one of 11 homologues in Arabidopsis thaliana, is most closely related to the Pinus taeda phenylpropenal double bond reductase, involved in, for example, heartwood formation. Both enzymes also have essential roles in plant defense, and can function by catalyzing the reduction of the 7-8-double bond of phenylpropanal substrates, such as p-coumaryl and coniferyl aldehydes in vitro. At5g16970 is also capable of reducing toxic substrates with the same alkenal functionality, such as 4-hydroxy-(2E)-nonenal. The overall fold of At5g16970 is similar to that of the zinc-independent medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily, the members of which have two domains and are dimeric in nature, i.e. in contrast to their original classification as being zinc-containing oxidoreductases. As provisionally anticipated from the kinetic data, the shape of the binding pocket can readily accommodate p-coumaryl aldehyde, coniferyl aldehyde, 4-hydroxy-(2E)-nonenal, and 2-alkenals. However, the enzyme kinetic data among these potential substrates differ, favoring p-coumaryl aldehyde. Tyr-260 is provisionally proposed to function as a general acid/base for hydride transfer. A catalytic mechanism for this reduction, and its applicability to related important detoxification mammalian proteins, is also proposed.
Prussian Blue and Carbon-Dot Hybrids for Enhanced Electrochromic Performance (2021)

In this study, Prussian blue@Carbon-dot (PB@C-dot) hybrids have been developed by one-step hydrothermal method. The incorporation of C-dots into Prussian blue thin film as a way of improving its electrochromic performance was investigated. The structure of the PB@C-dot hybrid was characterized through X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The electrochromic properties showed that incorporation of 10 mL C-dots into the film showed higher optical contrast of 1.6 and superior coloration/bleaching response of 10 and 3 s. It is proposed that the C-dots component used in the construction of the PB@C-dot hybrid plays a key role to achieve superior electrochromic performance.
Use of the Leco Automatic 70‐Second Carbon Analyzer for Total Carbon Analysis of Soils (1970)

Abstract Studies with surface and subsurface soils containing 0.3–34% organic carbon and with carbonate standards showed that the Leco automatic 70‐second carbon analyzer is satisfactory for determination of total carbon in soils. The Leco procedure evaluated involved high‐temperature combustion of soil with a high‐frequency induction furnace in a stream of purified oxygen and measurement of the carbon dioxide evolved by a thermal‐conductivity technique providing automatic readout of the carbon content of the sample. With all soils analyzed, the results of total carbon analysis by the Leco analyzer agreed closely with, and were as precise as, those obtained by the wet‐combustion method of Allison. Total carbon analysis of soils by the Leco analyzer is very simple and rapid, and a single operator can easily perform more than 150 analyses in a normal working day.
Hohe Variabilität des NS3 1406 CD8 Epitopes mit Entwicklung von Escape Mutationen in der Frühphase der akuten Hepatitis C Virus Infektion (2007)

Einleitung: Die Dynamik von Mutationen in bekannten CD8 Epitopen und deren Einfluss auf die Immunantwort und den Erkrankungsverlauf in der Frühphase einer akuten Hepatitis C Virusinfektion ist bisher wenig untersucht.
Damage Detection Technique for Cold-Formed Steel Beam Structure Based on NSGA-II (2015)

Cold-formed steel is uniform in quality, suitable for mass production, and light in weight. It is widely used for both structural and nonstructural members in buildings. When it is used in a bending structural member, damage such as local buckling is considered to be more important than general steel members in terms of failure mode. However, preceding studies on damage detection did not consider the failure characteristics of cold-formed beam members. Hence, this paper proposes a damage detection technique that considers the failure mode of local buckling for a cold-formed beam member. The differences between the dynamic characteristics from vibration-based measurements and those from finite element model are set to error functions. The error functions are minimized by the optimization technique NSGA-II. In the damage detection, the location of local damage and the severity of damage are considered variables. The proposed technique was validated through a simulation of damage detection for a cold-formed steel beam structure example.
Data from Cotargeting Stress-Activated Hsp27 and Autophagy as a Combinatorial Strategy to Amplify Endoplasmic Reticular Stress in Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Hsp27 is a stress-activated multifunctional chaperone that inhibits treatment-induced apoptosis and causes treatment resistance in prostate and other cancers. We previously showed that targeted suppression of Hsp27 sensitizes cancer cells to hormone and chemotherapy. However, mechanisms by which Hsp27 confers cell treatment resistance are incompletely defined. Here, we report that Hsp27 protects human prostate cancer cells against proteotoxic stress induced by proteasome inhibition, and that Hsp27 silencing using siRNA or antisense (OGX-427) induced both apoptosis and autophagy through mechanisms involving reduced proteasome activity and induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We found that autophagy activation protected against ER stress-induced cell death, whereas inhibition of autophagy activation following Hsp27 silencing using either pharmacologic inhibitors or atg3 silencing enhanced cell death. Importantly, cotargeting Hsp27 and autophagy by combining OGX-427 with the autophagy inhibitor, chloroquine, significantly delayed PC-3 prostate tumor growth &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. These findings identify autophagy as a cytoprotective, stress-induced adaptive pathway, activated following disruption of protein homeostasis and ER stress induced by Hsp27 silencing. Combinatorial cotargeting cytoprotective Hsp27 and autophagy illustrates potential benefits of blocking activation of adaptive pathways to improve treatment outcomes in cancer. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Ther; 11(8); 1661–71. ©2012 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Regioselective Palmitoylation of 9-(2,3-Dihydroxy- propyl)adenine Catalyzed by a Glycopolymer-enzyme Conjugate (2016)

The enzymatic regioselective monopalmitoylation of racemic 9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)- adenine (DHPA), an approved antiviral agent, has been performed by an immobilized form of Candida antarctica B lipase (CAL-B) using a 4:1 DMF/hexane mixture as the reaction medium. To improve the chemical yield of the desired monopalmitoylation reaction, solid-phase chemical modifications of the lipase were evaluated. The reaction yield was successfully increased obtaining 100% product after a second treatment of the product solution with fresh immobilised chemically glycosylated-CAL-B.
Human IgG/FcγR Interactions Are Modulated by Streptococcal IgG Glycan Hydrolysis (2008)

We provide novel information about bacterial enzymatic modulation of the IgG/Fc gamma R interaction that emphasizes the importance of glycosylation for antibody effector functions. Moreover, EndoS could be used as a biochemical tool for specific IgG N-glycan hydrolysis and IgG purification/detection, or as a potential immunosuppressing agent for treatment of antibody-mediated pathological processes.
Acoustic based safety emergency vehicle detection for intelligent transport systems (2009)

A system has been investigated for the detection of incoming direction of an emergency vehicle. Acoustic detection methods based on a cross microphone array have been implemented. It is shown that source detection based on time delay estimation outperforms sound intensity techniques, although both techniques perform well for the application. The relaying of information to the driver as a warning signal has been investigated through the use of ambisonic technology and a 4 speaker array which is ubiquitous in most modern vehicles. Simulations show that accurate warning information may be relayed to the driver and afford correct action.