gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SIEVE CASCADOGRAPHY FOR CHARACTERIZING PARTICLE SHAPE MIXES OF POWDERS (1984)

ABSTRACT Particle shape has a profound influence on the behavior of the particles present in powders, controlling the manner in which they react, segregate, flow, and agglomerate. The currently available technique of Fourier transformation to characterize particle shape is cumbersome and can be used only by a skilled operator. Recently developed, the Sieve Cascadograph is able to characterize the shape of particles in the 0.1 to 1.0 mm size range. Employing the principle that the residence time of a particle on a sieve is a function of the particle shape, the Cascadograph consists of a stack of sieves of identical size in a shaking device. An essentially monosize powder sample (closely sized on a regular sieve stack) of about 2 grams is placed in the topmost sieve, and shaking commenced. The weight of powder leaving the lowest sieve is measured as a function of time, and is used to produce a signature representative of the particle shape distribution in the powder sample. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that monosize, monoshape samples leave the lowest sieve at a rate given by the gamma function with respect to time. Preliminary experimental results prove that the Cascadograph results are reproducible, and that a 20-sieve Cascadograph has high resolving power.
Abstract P047: The Effect of Serum C-reactive Protein (CRP) or Handgrip Strength Inclusion on the Framingham Risk Score Model of CVD Risk in a Cohort of Middle-aged to Elderly Australian Men (2017)

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction models are used extensively in clinical practice. Recent reviews have suggested that such models would benefit from the identification of novel predictors to improve specificity and sensitivity. Both serum CRP and lower handgrip strength have been demonstrated to predict incident CVD suggesting its utility as a prognostic CVD marker. Objectives: To determine whether handgrip strength improves global CVD risk prediction models based on the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) (using NCEP-ATP-III criteria), and to validate CRP as a marker adding predictive value. Method: Participants were drawn from a randomly-selected, community-dwelling cohort of men residing in Adelaide, Australia. Of these, n=2162 men without CVD at baseline (2002-5) and covariate data (age, fasting total &amp; HDL cholesterol, smoking status, mean systolic blood pressure, and anti-hypertensive usage) were followed for a median period of 8.3 years. Incident CVD events (n=248) were identified through a state-wide registry of in-hospital events (emergency department visit or hospital separation) and cardiac-specific mortality. Mean handgrip strength (by dynamometry) and serum high-sensitivity CRP were obtained at baseline visit. The added prognostic value of handgrip strength and CRP was assessed using splines and log-likelihood ratio tests of nested Cox proportional models, BIC and AIC. Model discrimination was assessed using Harrell’s c-index. Results: Within the FRS 10-year risk groups 0-&lt;5%, 5-&lt;10%, 10-&lt;20%, and 20+% the estimated 10-year CVD event rates were 3% (95%CI: 2-5%), 7% (5-10%), 15% (13-18%) and 22% (17-27%), respectively. Hand grip strength did not add predictive value above standard Framingham risk factors ( p =0.25). CRP made a contribution to estimating global CVD risk ( p =0.002). Both the BIC and AIC were reduced (4.9 and 7.9 units, respectively) and the c-index increased from 0.727 to 0.732 (SE=0.024). Conclusions: A global risk prediction model that includes serum CRP improves CV risk classification in men.
Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Induces Endothelial Dysfunction and Structural Vascular Changes in Mice (2014)

Long-term sleep fragmentation induces vascular endothelial dysfunction and mild blood pressure increases. Sleep fragmentation also leads to morphologic vessel changes characterized by elastic fiber disruption and disorganization, increased recruitment of inflammatory cells, and altered expression of senescence markers, thereby supporting a role for sleep fragmentation in the cardiovascular morbidity of OSA.
Flow Investigation Around a V-Sector Ball Valve (2001)

Experimental and computational methods were used to study the structure and behavior of the shedded vortices around a V-ball valve. Strouhal frequency for shedded vortices around the valve over a range of operating conditions and flow rates using water as the medium were measured. The information gathered in this study would help to predict at what operating conditions pipe ruptures might occur. A dynamic pressure transducer was used to determine the Strouhal frequency. LDV was used to measure the mean velocity and turbulence magnitudes. FLUENT was used to develop a two dimensional fluid dynamics model. Flow was visualized using high-speed video photography. A dominant large three-dimensional vortex downstream of the valve was detected. The centerline of this vortex is a shadow of the valve lip. A fifth degree polynomial describing the relationship between the Strouhal number and Reynolds number is obtained.
Real-time Enhanced Vision System (2005)

Flying in poor visibility conditions, such as rain, snow, fog or haze, is inherently dangerous. However these conditions can occur at nearly any location, so inevitably pilots must successfully navigate through them. At NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC), under support of the Aviation Safety and Security Program Office and the Systems Engineering Directorate, we are developing an Enhanced Vision System (EVS) that combines image enhancement and synthetic vision elements to assist pilots flying through adverse weather conditions. This system uses a combination of forward-looking infrared and visible sensors for data acquisition. A core function of the system is to enhance and fuse the sensor data in order to increase the information content and quality of the captured imagery. These operations must be performed in real-time for the pilot to use while flying. For image enhancement, we are using the LaRC patented Retinex algorithm since it performs exceptionally well for improving low-contrast range imagery typically seen during poor visibility conditions. In general, real-time operation of the Retinex requires specialized hardware. To date, we have successfully implemented a single-sensor real-time version of the Retinex on several different Digital Signal Processor (DSP) platforms. In this paper we give an overview of the EVS and its performance requirements for real-time enhancement and fusion and we discuss our current real-time Retinex implementations on DSPs.
A Multi‐mechanistic Drug Release Approach in a Bead Dosage Form and In Vitro/In Vivo Correlations (2003)

An in vitro/in vivo relationship of a combined multi-mechanistic dosage form has now been established in the literature. In our previous study, we successfully prepared a combination of immediate release, enteric coated, and controlled-release (CR) beads and mathematically modeled in vitro and in vivo drug release characteristics of the combination based on the release profiles of individual beads. The objective of the present study is to develop in vitro/in vivo correlations (IVIVC) for three individual beads and the combination using theophylline as a model drug and the beagle dog as an animal model. In the study, an IVIVC correlation is estimated by two-stage procedures: deconvolution followed by comparison of the fraction of drug absorbed to the fraction of drug dissolved. The Wagner-Nelson mass balance method was used to deconvolute plasma drug concentration-time curves. In vitro, a two-stage medium (0.1 N HCl and pH 6.5 phosphate buffer) was used for the dissolution test; a 2h first stage (acidic) was selected based on the average gastric emptying time in a fasted dog. In vivo, t(lag) was used for the gastric emptying process for enteric coated beads and the combination, which contains enteric coated beads. A time-scaling technique was used to consider the rate difference between in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption in the process of IVIVC. As shown in the results, a point-to-point correlation was established for each formulation. The linear regression analysis of the correlation was r2>0.99 for all three individual beads and 0.97 for the combined bead dosage form. The results suggest level A IVIVCs indicating an appropriateness for the in vitro and in vivo models used in this study.
Synthesis of Multiple-Substituted Pyrroles via Gold(I)-Catalyzed Hydroamination/Cyclization Cascade (2015)

A gold-catalyzed cascade hydroamination/cyclization reaction of α-amino ketones with alkynes to form substituted pyrroles has been developed. The method offers several advantages such as high regioselectivity with the tested cases, wide functional group tolerance, and easily accessible starting materials. The synthetic utility of the obtained pyrrole products was demonstrated by their efficient transformations to 2-vinylated pyrroles via gold-catalyzed intermolecular hydroarylation.
Ammonia Desorption in Microscale Fractal-Like Branching Flow Networks (2004)

An experimental study is presented in which ammonia is desorbed from a binary mixture of ammonia and water using a network of microscale fractal-like branching channels. The objectives of the study are (1) to determine feasibility of desorption by boiling the fluid mixture inside a microchannel array, and (2) to quantify the rate of desorption as a function of applied heat flux and strong solution flow rate. The desorber is disk-shaped with an inlet plenum at the center and the flow network branching radially outward toward the edge of the disk. The flow network was chemically etched in a stainless steel disk with a nominal terminal branch hydraulic diameter of 88 μm. Inlet and exit mass flow rates, temperatures, pressures and mass fractions were measured along with the heat flux applied to the surface of the desorber disk. Results indicate that desorption rates and water vapor content in the refrigerant vapor stream increase with increases in heat flux and decrease with strong solution mass flow rate.
Construction and efficacy identification of the lentiviral vector harboring RNAi based on the hyperplasia suppressor gene (HSG). (2014)

e22177 Background: Our previous study suggested that hyperplasia suppressor gene (HSG) induced apoptosis of mitochondrial pathway via MAPK signal transduction pathway. In order to study on the apoptosis mechanisms via mitochondrial pathway induced by the HSG gene on human lung adenocarcinoma cells, we constructed and identified the efficacy of a lentiviral vector harboring RNA Interference sequence targeting the HSG gene. Methods: Three siRNA sequences targeting the HSG mRNA were designed. The levtivirus vectors of GCSIL-GFP-HSG were constructed and confirmed by DNA sequencing. The 293T cells were co-transfected with pGCSIL-GFP-HSG, pHelperl.0 and pHelper2.0 in order to produce the virus stocks. The titer of the virus was also tested. The lentivirus was transfected to human A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. The expression of the HSGgene was analyzed by Real-time PCR. Results: DNA sequencing suggested that the DNA sequences were consisted with it designed, which meant that the RNAi sequence targeting the human HSG gene was correct. Examination the co-transfected cells by fluorescence microscopy suggested that the cells grew well and had a strong fluorescence intensity. The titer of the virus was 3×108TU/ml. Real-time PCR shown that the expression of the HSG gene was knockdown after the lentivirus transfected to A549 cells. Conclusions: The lentiviral vector of the HSG gene of Homo sapiens has been successfully constructed. It could be further used in the research of oncology.
Functional Serum Response Elements Upstream of the Growth Factor-Inducible Gene zif268 (1989)

The zif268 gene, which encodes a protein with three typical zinc finger sequences, is induced in mouse 3T3 cells by serum, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate platelet-derived growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor. The induction is coordinate with that of c-fos. The 5'-flanking region of zif268 contains sequences that resemble known regulatory elements, including four CC(A or T)6GG sequences similar to the core serum response elements (SREs) found upstream of c-fos and actin genes. To determine whether the zif268 SRE-like elements mediate induction, CAT (chloramphenicol acetyltransferase) plasmids with different lengths of zif268 upstream sequences were tested for inducibility in 3T3 cells by serum, platelet-derived growth factor, or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. In addition, double-stranded oligonucleotides corresponding to each of the four zif268 putative SREs were tested individually for responsiveness when placed upstream of a thymidine kinase gene promoter. Each of the four SREs conferred inducibility by the agents tested, and multiple SREs resulted in greater inducibility than did a single element. Each of the zif268 SREs also competed with the c-fos SRE for binding by serum response factor present in HeLa cell nuclear extract. We conclude that the zif268 SRE-like sequences are functional and probably account for the coordinate induction of zif268 and c-fos.
A novel chiral approach to trans-3a,4,5,9b-tetrahydro-1H-benz[e]indene (1992)

Enantioselectivity in the thermolysis of the optically active alkenic benzocyclobutenes 9a–g has been studied, resulting in the development of a novel and efficient route to chiral trans-3a,4,5,9b-tetrahydro-1H-benz[e]indenes 10 and 11.
PHYSIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN THE PRODUCTS OF MICROBIOLOGICAL DECOMPOSITION OF STRAW OF CEREALS, AND THEIR EFFECT ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF PLANTS IN UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS (2018)

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Inhibitors of Phosphodiesterase (Pentoxifylline, Trequinsin) Inhibit Apical and Subcellular Matrix Expression of Tissue Factor in Cultured Human Endothelial Cells (1995)

Exposure of endothelial cells (ECs) to thrombin or cytokines leads to major changes in their biochemical properties, which confer procoagulant activities. Stimulated ECs express the procoagulant glycoprotein tissue factor (TF). Although some TF is expressed on the apical surface of the cells, most is deposited as a cryptic pool in the subendothelial matrix. This matrix-associated TF may play a role in thromboembolic complications associated with alterations in the integrity of the EC monolayer. We have measured TF activity on the surface and in the subcellular matrix of human saphenous vein ECs in culture, by assaying the TF-dependent formation of activated factor X in the presence of factor VII. The subcellular matrix was prepared by exposure of ECs to ammonium hydroxide. Incubation of ECs for 4 h with 1 U/ml human thrombin induced TF expression on the apical cell surface and in the matrix. Activity in the matrix was 4.1 +/- 0.5 times greater than on the cell surface. Pentoxifylline inhibited the expression of TF both on the cell surface and in the matrix. The EC50 was on the order of 3.9 mM in both cases. No signs of cell toxicity were observed at this concentration of pentoxifylline. Similar effects were obtained with trequinsin (HL 725), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, with an EC50 of 40 microM. This suggests that an increase in cAMP may be involved in the mechanism of action of pentoxifylline. Inhibition of TF deposition in the matrix may be important in the prevention of thromboembolic episodes in conditions where ECs either retract or are removed by major injury.
From Axonal Transport to Mitochondrial Trafficking: What Can We Learn from Manganese-Enhanced MRI Studies in Mouse Models of Alzheimers Disease? (2011)

Axonal transport perturbations are known to play a critical role in the pathological progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD); and Manganese-Enhanced MRI (MEMRI) provides a unique, non-invasive tool allowing for the <i>in vivo</i> evaluation of transport deficits in preclinical studies. In this paper, we provide a brief history of MEMRI, and review the current literature describing its biological basis. We propose a model of how manganese transport reflects both axonal and dendritic transport (termed "neuronal transport"), and potentially, mitochondrial trafficking in neurons. A framework for the analysis of MEMRI data is provided. It summarizes the significance of the various parameters describing manganese transport and the pathophysiological events that can alter their relevance, such as neuronal loss, gliosis and excitotoxicity. Lastly, we review publications describing different animal models of AD pathology that suggest the expression of either mutated human tau or mutated human amyloid ß alters neuronal transport, as measured by MEMRI. In this way, MEMRI correlates the <i>in vitro</i> observation of impaired axonal transport and mitochondrial mislocalization related to AD lesions, with direct <i>in vivo</i> data. Therefore, MEMRI has the potential to become a unique tool for assessing the effect of new AD treatments aimed at restoring neuronal transport and mitochondrial trafficking.
Data processing system for maskless lithography toward 65nm node and below (2006)

Multiple-beam and multiple-column exposure systems in maskless lithography tools are expected to significantly increase exposure throughput. However, the throughput performance obtained from a multiple-beam exposure system using vector writing did not improve as much as could be expected based on the number of beams. This is because the movement speed of a stage is determined by the maximum number of shots in each area to which multiple simultaneously emitted beams are deflected. We found that actual chips have a great variation in this number of shots, and that this variation halves the high throughput efficiency provided by multiple beams. Our proposed data processing system can provide high exposure throughput by controlling variations in the numbers of shots in the unit areas exposed to multiple beams emitted simultaneously, and suppresses these variations to an extremely low level. It succeeds in making throughput performance proportional to the number of beams by creating exposure data for the multiple-beam exposure system.
R269C variant of ESR1: high prevalence and differential function in a subset of pancreatic cancers (2020)

Our study shed new light on the role of the hinge region in regulating transcriptional activity of the ER and indicates cell-type specific activity, namely increased activity in pancreatic cancer cells but reduced activity in breast cancer cells. While rare, the presence of rs142712646 may serve as a novel genetic risk factor, and a possible target for therapy in a subset of non-ductal pancreatic cancers.
An optical method to differentiate wood from polymers using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (2021)

In this contribution investigations with fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) are made to optically distinguish polymers and wood. The results show that the distinction and identification is possible in a graphical and calculative way.
Preparation of wide range refractive index diamond-like carbon films by means of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (2011)

Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition technology has been elaborated for obtaining diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings of a wide range of properties. Alternative and direct bias voltages have been applied on the substrate, and refractive index dependencies upon various deposition technological parameters have been investigated. The frequency of the bias voltage has been varied in the region of 150-450 kHz. The maximum refractive index range that has been achieved is 1.46-3.2. Thin DLC films have been prepared on crystalline silicon substrates. Because of the wide range of physical, optical, and mechanical properties of the obtained films, they can successfully be applied in different fields of nano-optics.
Area and search space control for technology mapping (2000)

We present a technology mapping procedure in which an area-delay trade-off curve is constructed at each node using matches found for different decompositions of the node. This information is used effectively to find implementations that meet delay constraints while reducing area. The procedure combines state-of-the-art mapping procedures, in which a graph covering is applied to a special graph structure which succinctly encodes many representations. Major challenges were avoiding memory explosion and finding good cost estimations. The combined procedure outperforms the best result among any of the procedures used separately.
Optimal scheduling policies with mutual information accumulation in wireless networks (2012)

In this paper, we aim to develop scheduling policies to maximize the stability region of a wireless network under the assumption that mutual information accumulation is implemented at the physical layer. This enhanced physical layer capability enables the system to accumulate information even when the link between two nodes is not good and a packet cannot be decoded within a slot. The result is an expansion of the stability region of the system. The accumulation process does not satisfy the i.i.d assumption that underlies many previous analysis in this area. Therefore it also brings new challenges to the problem. We propose two dynamic scheduling algorithms to overcome this difficulty. One performs scheduling every T slot, which inevitably increases average delay in the system, but approaches the boundary of the stability region. The second constructs a virtual system with the same stability region. Through controlling the virtual queues in the constructed system, we avoid the non-i.i.d difficulty and attain the stability region. We derive performance bounds under both algorithms and compare them through simulation results.
A combined molecular-hydrodynamic approach to wetting kinetics (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA combined molecular-hydrodynamic approach to wetting kineticsP. Petrov and I. PetrovCite this: Langmuir 1992, 8, 7, 1762–1767Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00043a013https://doi.org/10.1021/la00043a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views850Altmetric-Citations182LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts