gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Illinois Justice: The Scandal of 1969 and the Rise of John Paul Stevens (2002)

Illinois justice: The of 1969 and the Rise of John Paul Stevens. By Kenneth A. Manaster. Foreword by Justice John Paul Stevens. (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2001. Pp. xv, 317. Photographs, bibliography, index. $27.50) Illinois politics in the middle of the 20th century was rough and colorful, punctuated by scandal and corruption that ranged from Paul Powell's infamous shoebox to Otto Kerner's imprisonment. Kenneth Manaster has written an interesting and valuable book that contributes to our understanding of this turbulent period. Through his study of the investigation and eventual resignation of two Illinois Supreme Court Justices in 1969, Manaster gives us a peek into some of the sordid details of Illinois politics. In February 1969, Sherman Skolnick, a self-appointed Chicago crusader and local gadfly, began investigating the stockholders of the Civic Center Bank & Trust Company. In June, he publicly accused Illinois Chief Justice Roy J. Solfisburg and Associate Justice Ray I. Klingbiel of accepting stock in the bank from Theodore Isaacs, Chicago lawyer and Democratic Party power broker, in exchange for a ruling to vacate a judgement against Isaacs. The Alton Evening Telegraph and Chicago Daily News began investigating Skolnik's charges of corruption, and the public soon demanded action. The Illinois Legislature appointed a special committee to investigate, but under Illinois Law, the Supreme Court had the authority to examine judicial impropriety through the Courts Commission. In mid-June, the Illinois Supreme Court appointed a Special Commission with a charge to report by the end of July on the of the judgment in the Supreme Court's ruling on People v. Isaacs. Having served as one of the lawyers on the Special Commission's staff, Kenneth Manaster, currently a professor of law at Santa Clara University, brings special insight into his well researched book on the investigation of Chief Justice Roy J. Solfisburg Jr. and Associate Justice Ray I. Klingbiel. Using court records, interviews, and correspondence with the participants, Manaster provides a taut account of the Scandal of 1969. He carefully unfolds the tedium, hard work, dead ends, and frustrations of the Special Commission's investigation. With a certain dramatic flare, Manaster depicts the colorful personalities surrounding the Scandal; the imperious Albert E. Jenner, of Watergate fame, the eccentric Skolnick, the formidable presence of Solfisburg, and the unquestioned integrity and talent of John Paul Stevens. John Paul Stevens receives special attention from Manaster. Indeed, one of the principal purposes of the book is to explain the rise to prominence of John Paul Stevens. According to Manaster, Steven's appointment to the U.S. Supreme Court can be attributed in part to the reputation he earned as Chief Counsel to the Special Commission. Equally significant, Manaster contends, Justice Steven's experience on the Special Commission distinctly shaped his later work on the bench. …
Towards Pitch-Scheduled Drive Train Damping in Variable-Speed, Horizontal-Axis Large Wind Turbines (2006)

Given the prohibitive costs of replacement of damaged gearboxes, damping drive train osillations is of immense significance in large wind turbine control design. The Drive Train Damper (DTD) is an important constituent of the power production control routine in variable-speed, pitch-regulated large wind turbines. The DTD is used to mitigate fatigue loading of drive train components. This paper motivates the need for scheduling the parameters of the damper based on blade pitch angle. It is shown that due to the strong coupling between blade edgewise motion and the drive train torsion, the fundamental frequency associated with the drive train's torsional motion can vary significantly across the range of blade pitch angles observed in practice. If left unaccommodated, this variation in fundamental frequency is shown to adversely affect the performance of the DTD.
Familial Risk of Gout and Interaction With Obesity and Alcohol Consumption: A Population‐Based Cohort Study in Korea (2023)

Our findings indicate the possibility of an interaction between gout-associated genetic factors and obesity/alcohol consumption.
Kinetic studies on the hydroxylation of p-coumaric acid to caffeic acid by spinach-beet phenolase (1975)

1. A spectrophotometric assay is described that enables the hydroxylation of p-coumaric acid to caffeic acid, catalysed by spinach-beet phenolase, to be followed continuously. 2. Initial-velocity and inhibitor studies indicate that the order of substrate addition is oxygen, p-coumaric acid and electron donor, with an irreversible step separating the binding of each substrate. 3. Caffeic acid is most likely to act as electron donor at the active site; other electron donors, such as ascorbic acid, NADH and dimethyltetrahydropteridine, function mainly to recycle cofactor amounts of caffeic acid. 4. A reaction scheme, consistent with these data, is proposed.
Tandem Action of Glycosyltransferases in the Maturation of Vancomycin and Teicoplanin Aglycones:  Novel Glycopeptides, (2001)

The glycopeptides vancomycin and teicoplanin are clinically important antibiotics. The carbohydrate portions of these molecules affect biological activity, and there is great interest in developing efficient strategies to make carbohydrate derivatives. To this end, genes encoding four glycosyltransferases, GtfB, C, D, E, were subcloned from Amycolatopsis orientalis strains that produce chloroeremomycin (GtfB, C) or vancomycin (GtfD, E) into Escherichia coli. After expression and purification, each glycosyltransferase (Gtf) was characterized for activity either with the aglycones (GtfB, E) or the glucosylated derivatives (GtfC, D) of vancomycin and teicoplanin. GtfB efficiently glucosylates vancomycin aglycone using UDP-glucose as the glycosyl donor to form desvancosaminyl-vancomycin (vancomycin pseudoaglycone), with k(cat) of 17 min(-1), but has very low glucosylation activity, < or = 0.3 min(-1), for an alternate substrate, teicoplanin aglycone. In contrast, GtfE is much more efficient at glucosylating both its natural substrate, vancomycin aglycone (k(cat) = 60 min(-1)), and an unnatural substrate, teicoplanin aglycone (k(cat) = 20 min(-1)). To test the addition of the 4-epi-vancosamine moiety by GtfC and GtfD, synthesis of UDP-beta-L-4-epi-vancosamine was undertaken. This NDP-sugar served as a substrate for both GtfC and GtfD in the presence of vancomycin pseudoaglycone (GtfC and GtfD) or the glucosylated teicoplanin scaffold, 7 (GtfD). The GtfC product was the 4-epi-vancosaminyl form of vancomycin. Remarkably, GtfD was able to utilize both an unnatural acceptor, 7, and an unnatural nucleotide sugar donor, UDP-4-epi-vancosamine, to synthesize a novel hybrid teicoplanin/vancomycin glycopeptide. These results establish the enzymatic activity of these four Gtfs, begin to probe substrate specificity, and illustrate how they can be utilized to make variant sugar forms of both the vancomycin and the teicoplanin class of glycopeptide antibiotics.
Advanced Secondary Cooling Systems for Light Trucks (2005)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Improvements in microprocessor-based electric motor drives have opened up new opportunities for advances in automotive thermal management. For light trucks and SUV's, secondary cooling systems can provide benefits of improved heat rejection, variable temperature control, packaging flexibility, improved warm-up, and reduced primary cooling system power consumption. Of particular attraction are the relatively low power consumption, 12 V operating voltage, and size of the electric drive components. This paper details the design and testing of two separate systems; the first being a controlled transmission cooling/heating system on a 1999 Chevrolet Tahoe; the second being an independent EGR cooling system on a 2004 Ford Excursion. Future drivers for such systems include higher engine horsepower (resulting in higher heat rejection), tighter emissions limits, reduced packaging requirements, increased emphasis on fuel economy, and continued improvement of the electric drive performance/cost ratio.&lt;/div&gt;
Measurements of the Flow From a High Speed Compressor Rotor Using a Dual Probe Digital Sampling (DPDS) Technique (1983)

The flow from a high speed rotor in a rotor-first arrangement has been measured using a “dual-probe, digital sampling (DPDS)” technique. The flow field was found to be steady in rotor coordinates (periodic in machine coordinates) outside the rotor wake, and 3 components of velocity and the pressure field were determined in this area. The wake regions were unsteady. In these regions the measurements based on ensemble averages of multiple samples did not follow the behavior established during calibration in steady uniform freejet flow except near the wake center. The broadening of the wake and three dimensional effects in the flow field were measured at reduced throttle and increased speeds. The results serve to illustrate the potential of the measurement technique, on which the emphasis of the presentation is placed.
Primary cutaneous lymphoma: recommendations for clinical trial design and staging update from the ISCL, USCLC, and EORTC (2021)

The number of patients with primary cutaneous lymphoma (PCL) relative to other non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) is small and the number of subtypes large. Although clinical trial guidelines have been published for mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome, the most common type of PCL, none exist for the other PCLs. In addition, staging of the PCLs has been evolving based on new data on potential prognostic factors, diagnosis, and assessment methods of both skin and extracutaneous disease and a desire to align the latter with the Lugano guidelines for all NHLs. The International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas (ISCL), the United States Cutaneous LymphomaConsortium (USCLC), and the Cutaneous Lymphoma Task Force of the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) now propose updated staging and guidelines for the study design, assessment, endpoints, and response criteria in clinical trials for all the PCLs in alignment with that of the Lugano guidelines. These recommendations provide standardized methodology that should facilitate planning and regulatory approval of new treatments for these lymphomas worldwide, encourage cooperative investigator-initiated trials, and help to assess the comparative efficacy of therapeutic agents tested across sites and studies.
Controlling Light with Light in a Plasmonic Nanooptomechanical Metamaterial (2014)

We demonstrate metamaterial with a cubic optical nonlinearity that is ten orders of magnitude greater than the reference nonlinearity of CS2. The nonlinearity has optomechanical nature and is underpinned by light-induced electromagnetic near-field interactions.
Controlling flow reconfigurations in SDN (2016)

Software-Defined Network (SDN) controllers include mechanisms to globally reconfigure the network in order to respond to a changing environment. While iterative methods are employed to solve flow optimization problems, demands arrive or leave the system changing the optimization instance and requiring further iterations. In this paper, we focus on the general class of iterative solvers considering an exponential decrease over time in the optimality gap. Assuming dynamic arrivals and departures of demands, the computed optimality gap at each iteration Q(t) is described by an auto-regressive stochastic process. At each time slot the controller may choose to apply the current iteration to the network or not. Applying the current iteration improves the optimality gap but requires flow reconfiguration which hurts QoS and system stability. To limit the reconfigurations, we propose two control policies that minimize the flow allocation cost while respecting a network reconfiguration budget. We validate our model by experimenting with a realistic network setting and using standard Linear Programming tools used in the SDN industry. We show that our policies provide a practical means of keeping the optimally gap small within a given reconfiguration constraint.
Rendering greyscale image using color feature (2008)

Color Transfer between images is one of the most common tasks in image processing. In this paper, we present a method of color feature extraction and selection to increase the successful possibility of transferring color from color image to greyscale image. A kind of HSV quantization algorithm plays an important role in this procedure. In source image, it is used to convert three-dimensional RGB pixels into one-dimensional pixels. Thus, the pixels can be clustered if their color is similar. It will help to select sample pixels from colorful image reasonably and transfer their color information to greyscale image.
Application of deuterium magnetic resonance to biosynthetic studies. 2. Rosenonolactone biosynthesis and stereochemistry of a biological SN2' reaction (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTApplication of deuterium magnetic resonance to biosynthetic studies. 2. Rosenonolactone biosynthesis and stereochemistry of a biological SN2' reactionDavid E. Cane and Pushpalatha P. N. MurthyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 25, 8327–8329Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00467a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00467a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views79Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structure of the orthorhombic form of human inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (2006)

The structure of human inosine triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase (ITPA) has been determined using diffraction data to 1.6 A resolution. ITPA contributes to the accurate replication of DNA by cleansing cellular dNTP pools of mutagenic nucleotide purine analogs such as dITP or dXTP. A similar high-resolution unpublished structure has been deposited in the Protein Data Bank from a monoclinic and pseudo-merohedrally twinned crystal. Here, cocrystallization of ITPA with a molar ratio of XTP appears to have improved the crystals by eliminating twinning and resulted in an orthorhombic space group. However, there was no evidence for bound XTP in the structure. Comparison with substrate-bound NTPase from a thermophilic organism predicts the movement of residues within helix alpha1, the loop before alpha6 and helix alpha7 to cap off the active site when substrate is bound.
Behavior of flavor components in aqueous ethanol distillation by a pot still. (1990)

蒸留酒製造用の単式蒸留機の性能を調べるために, エタノールおよび微量香味成分の蒸留曲線を測定した.まず試験研究用単式蒸留機にもろみを仕込み蒸留実験を行い, ついでもろみと同じ濃度のエタノール水溶液に10種の微量成分を加えた調製液について, 同じ蒸留機で実験を行った.留出液は分割採取し, 分析を行って蒸留曲線を作成した.単式蒸留機のモデルを作り, エタノールおよび5種の微量成分の蒸留曲線を計算によって求めた.計算値を実験値と比較して考察を加えた.エタノールの蒸留曲線は両者がよく合っていて, パラメーターを適当に選べば実測値をシミュレートできる.比較的多量に存在する微量成分の蒸留曲線は, 蒸留中期までは実測値は計算値と同じ傾向を示している.その他の微量成分の蒸留曲線はそれぞれ特有な形をしており, その挙動は複雑である.
Co-Targeting IL-6 and EGFR signaling for the treatment of schwannomatosis and associated pain (2023)

Patients with Schwannomatosis (SWN) overwhelmingly present with intractable, debilitating chronic pain. There are no effective therapies to treat SWN. The drivers of pain response and tumor progression in SWN are not clear. The pain is not proportionally linked to tumor size and is not always relieved by tumor resection, suggesting that mechanisms other than mechanical nerve compression exist to cause pain. SWN research is limited by the lack of clinically-relevant models. Here, we established novel patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, dorsal root ganglia (DRG) imaging model, and combined with single-cell resolution intravital imaging and RNASeq, we discovered: i) schwannomas on the peripheral nerve cause macrophage influx into the DRG, via secreting HMGB1 to directly stimulate DRG neurons to express CCL2, the key macrophage chemokine, ii) once recruited, macrophages cause pain response via overproduction of IL-6, iii) IL-6 blockade in a therapeutic setting significantly reduces pain but has modest efficacy on tumor growth, iv) EGF signaling is a potential driver of schwannoma growth and escape mechanism from anti-IL6 treatment, and v) combined IL-6 and EGFR blockade simultaneously controlled pain and tumor growth in SWN models. Our findings prompted the initiation of phase II clinical trial ( NCT05684692 ) for pain relief in patients with SWN.
Video Coding: An Introduction to Standard Codecs (1999)

The text works up from basic principles to the advanced video compression systems now being developed, including MPEG 1,2,4 and 7, JPEG, H.261 and H.263.
(Butadiene)metallocene/B(C6F5)3 Pathway to Catalyst Systems for Stereoselective Methyl Methacrylate Polymerization:  Evidence for an Anion Dependent Metallocene Catalyzed Polymerization Process (2004)

The ansa-zirconocene dichlorides [Me(2)Si(C(5)H(4))(3-R-C(5)H(3))]ZrCl(2) 7a-e (R = H, CH(3), cyclohexyl, -CHMe(2), -CMe(3)) were reacted with butadiene-magnesium to yield the respective (eta(4)-butadiene)metallocenes 17a-e. The chiral examples give a mixture of two s-cis and two s-trans diastereomers. The strong Lewis acid B(C(6)F(5))(3) adds selectively to a terminal butadiene carbon atom to yield the (butadiene)metallocene/B(C(6)F(5))(3) betaine complexes 18a-e. Initially, the formation of the Z-18 isomers is preferred. These consecutively rearrange to the thermodynamically favored isomers E-18. The dipolar systems 18 are active single component metallocene catalysts for the stereospecific polymerization of methyl methacrylate. With increasing steric bulk of the attached single alkyl substituent an increasingly isotactic poly(methyl methacrylate) is obtained. A similar trend is observed in the methyl methacrylate polymerization at the [Me(2)Si(C(5)H(4))(3-R-C(5)H(3))]ZrCH(3)(+) catalysts (9a-e) that were conventionally prepared by methyl abstraction from the corresponding ansa-zirconocene dimethyl complexes by treatment with B(C(6)F(5))(3). A comparison of the poly(methyl methacrylates) obtained at these two series of catalysts has revealed substantial differences in stereoselectivity that probably originate from an influence of the respective counteranions. An initial reactive intermediate of methyl methacrylate addition to the dipolar single component metallocene catalyst E-18a was experimentally observed and characterized by NMR spectroscopy at 253 K. The subsequently formed series of [PMMA-C(4)H(6)(-)B(C(6)F(5))(3)](-) anion oligomers (at the catalyst 18c) was monitored (after quenching) and characterized by electrospray mass spectrometry.
Nifedipine Gastrointestinal Therapeutic System versus Nifedipine Coat-Core: Comparison of Efficacy via 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (1997)

GITS and CC demonstrated clinically equivalent antihypertensive efficacy in the study population. The CC produce may have a higher rate of adverse effects, but drug discontinuation was uncommon.
Identification and Characterization of Novel Phosphorylation Sites on Jak2 (2008)

Members of the Janus (Jak) family of tyrosine kinases, including Jak2, mediate signaling via many cytokine receptors. Cytokine binding to cognate receptors (such as the leptin receptor, LepRb) activates Jak2 to promote the multisite phosphorylation of Jak2. In order to understand the function of Jak2 phosphorylation, we used mass spectrometry to identify phosphorylation sites on exogenously expressed Jak2 purified from 293 cells during LepRb signaling. Of the seventeen Jak2 phosphorylation sites we identified, we closely examined two sites: Tyr317 in the COOH‐terminus of the FERM domain and Tyr637 in the SH2‐like domain. Multiple cytokines stimulated the phosphorylation of each of these sites on endogenous as well as overexpressed Jak2. While the phosphorylation of Tyr637 peaked between 15–30 minutes of stimulation, the maximal phosphorylation of Tyr317 occurred hours later. Furthermore, while mutation of Tyr317 to Phe or Glu increased Jak2 activity, similar substitution of Tyr637 blunted Jak2 activity. The altered activity of the mutants compared to normal Jak2 was independent of cytokine receptor expression, suggesting that these sites regulate Jak2 activity per se ‐ as opposed to indirectly via receptor association. Thus, the phosphorylation of Tyr317 mediates feedback inhibition of Jak2 during prolonged signaling, whereas Tyr ­ 637 rapidly stimulates kinase activity. (AHA 0715806Z)
Microfluidic Assembly of Homogeneous and Janus Colloid-Filled Hydrogel Granules (2006)

The microfluidic assembly of colloid-filled hydrogel granules of varying shape and composition is described. First, drops are formed by shearing a concentrated colloidal microsphere-acrylamide suspension in a continuous oil phase using a sheath-flow device. Both homogeneous and Janus (hemispherically distinct) spheres and disks are produced by confining the assembled drops in microchannels of varying geometry. Next, photopolymerization is carried out shortly after drop breakup to preserve their morphology. Representative wet and dried granules are characterized using fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Our approach offers a facile route for assembling colloid-filled hydrogel granules with controlled shape and composition.
WHAT IS THE LD50 OF MECHANICAL VENTILATION IN SEVERE ARF? (1994)

Read Online: Critical Care Medicine | Society of Critical Care Medicine Critical Care Medicine is the premier peer-reviewed, scientific publication in critical care medicine. Learn more about the journal and subscribe today! Editor-in-Chief: Timothy G. Buchman, PhD, MD, MCCM
Regulation by Ca2+ in the Yersinia low‐Ca2+ response (1993)

The Yersinia low-Ca2+ response (LCR) is a regulatory response in which a set of plasmid-borne operons is transcriptionally regulated at 37 degrees C in response to the presence or absence of mM concentrations of Ca2+. LCR-regulated operons encode secreted proteins with regulatory and virulence roles as well as non-secreted regulatory proteins and components of the secretion machinery. Downregulation by Ca2+ is imposed by a signalling cascade that includes secreted proteins and possibly also components of the secretion system and is hypothesized to act on membrane-bound inductive components. An important role in LCR induction is played by LcrD, an inner-membrane protein with homologues in several virulence-associated and flagella assembly-related systems in diverse bacterial species. The mechanism of signal transduction in response to Ca2+ is not known, and the proteins that bind DNA to downregulate transcription have not been identified.