gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemical effects following 14N(n,p)14C in magnesium nitride (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical effects following 14N(n,p)14C in magnesium nitrideRonald D. Finn, Hans J. Ache, and Alfred Peter WolfCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1969, 73, 11, 3928–3933Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100845a062https://doi.org/10.1021/j100845a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views46Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A formal specification of Java class loading (2000)

The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) has a novel and powerful mechanism to support lazy, dynamic class loading according to user-definable policies. Class loading directly impacts type safety, on which the security of Java applications is based. Conceptual bugs in the loading mechanism were found in earlier versions of the JVM that lead to type violations. A deeper understanding of the class loading mechanism, through such means as formal analysis, will improve our confidence that no additional bugs are present.The work presented in this paper provides a formal specification of (the relevant aspects of) class loading in the JVM and proves its type safety. Our approach to proving type safety is different from the usual ones since classes are dynamically loaded and full type information may not be statically available. In addition, we propose an improvement in the interaction between class loading and bytecode verification, which is cleaner and enables lazier loading.
[Study of the Eucalyptus and Poplar by generalized two-dimensional infrared correlation spectroscopy]. (2008)

Poplar and Eucalyptus were identified fast by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) combined with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D) in the present paper. The two kinds of wood were similar to each other in one-dimensional IR spectra but quite different in 2D FTIR spectra. In the range between 800 and 1500 cm(-1), they are similar and three strong auto-peaks were aroused around 1221, 954 and 879 cm(-1) in synchronous spectrum and four weak auto-peaks were aroused around 1470, 1150, 1105 and 1008 cm(-1), respectively. In the range between 1500 and 1800 cm(-1), one strong auto-peak appeared with Poplar around 1665 cm(-1) and one weak auto-peak appeared around 1600 cm(-1) in synchronous spectrum. They formed one pair of cross-peaks, whereas three auto-peaks not only at 1650 cm(-1) but also at 1725 and 1600 cm(-1) appeared with Eucalyptus and they became one 3 X 3 peak cluster. In addition, Eucalyptus has two weak auto-peaks at 1580, 1510 cm(-1) and four negative cross-peaks at (1725 and 1580 cm(-1), (1650 and 1580 cm(-1)), (1600 and 1580 cm(-1)) and (1510 and 1580 cm(-1)) and three positive cross-peaks at (1725 and 1510 cm(-1)), (1650 and 1510 cm(-1)) and (1600 and 1510 cm(-1)), respectively, which suggests that corresponding absorbance bands of Eucalyptus are more susceptive to the thermal perturbation than that of Poplar. The difference of 2D correlation between Eucalyptus and Poplar was obvious. The results proved that 2D correlation spectra could enhance the resolution of infrared spectra and increase the capacity of identification, which make it a powerful, rapid and new approach to identifying Eucalyptus and Poplar.
Toward Experimental Evolution with Giant Vesicles (2018)

Experimental evolution in chemical models of cells could reveal the fundamental mechanisms of cells today. Various chemical cell models, water-in-oil emulsions, oil-on-water droplets, and vesicles have been constructed in order to conduct research on experimental evolution. In this review, firstly, recent studies with these candidate models are introduced and discussed with regards to the two hierarchical directions of experimental evolution (chemical evolution and evolution of a molecular self-assembly). Secondly, we suggest giant vesicles (GVs), which have diameters larger than 1 µm, as promising chemical cell models for studying experimental evolution. Thirdly, since technical difficulties still exist in conventional GV experiments, recent developments of microfluidic devices to deal with GVs are reviewed with regards to the realization of open-ended evolution in GVs. Finally, as a future perspective, we link the concept of messy chemistry to the promising, unexplored direction of experimental evolution in GVs.
Exploiting bistable subharmonic orbits for a widen vibration energy harvesting bandwidth (2017)

National audience
What Will Win the Wide-Bandgap Wars? (2023)

The answer is a resounding yes. Such a change is actually well underway. Starting around 2001, the compound semiconductor gallium nitride fomented a revolution in lighting that has been, by some measures, the fastest technology shift in human history. In just two decades, the share of the global lighting market held by gallium-nitride-based light-emitting diodes has gone from zero to more than 50 percent, according to a study by the International Energy Agency. The research firm Mordor Intelligence recently predicted that, worldwide, LED lighting will be responsible for cutting the electricity used for lighting by 30 to 40 percent over the next seven years. Globally, lighting accounts for about 20 percent of electricity use and 6 percent of carbon dioxide emissions, according to the United Nations Environment Program.
Volatiles from grapes. Identification of volatiles from Concord essence (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVolatiles from grapes. Identification of volatiles from Concord essenceDonald J. Stern, Alson. Lee, William H. McFadden, and Kenneth Lloyd. StevensCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1967, 15, 6, 1100–1103Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60154a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60154a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views216Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
FadR, transcriptional co‐ordination of metabolic expediency (1998)

FadR is an Escherichia coli transcriptional regulator that optimizes fatty acid metabolism in response to exogenously added fatty acids. Many bacteria grow well on long-chain fatty acids as sole carbon source, but at the expense of consuming a useful structural material. Exogenous fatty acids are readily incorporated into membrane phospholipids in place of the acyl chains synthesized by the organism, and phospholipids composed of any of a large variety of exogenously derived acyl chains make biologically functional membranes. It would be wasteful for bacteria to degrade fatty acids to acetyl-CoA and then use this acetyl-CoA to synthesize the same (or functionally equivalent) fatty acids for phospholipid synthesis. This line of reasoning suggests that bacteria might shut down endogenous fatty acid synthesis on the addition of long-chain fatty acids to the growth medium. Moreover, this shutdown could be closely coupled to fatty acid degradation, such that a bacterial cell would use a portion of the exogenous fatty acid for phospholipid synthesis while degrading the remainder to acetyl-CoA. To a degree, the bacterium could both have its cake (the acyl chains for phospholipid synthesis) and eat it (to form acetyl-CoA). This scenario turns out to be true in E. coli. The key player in this regulatory gambit is FadR, a transcription factor that acts both as a repressor of the fatty acid degradation and as an activator of fatty acid biosynthesis.
A 250 mV 8 kb 40 nm Ultra-Low Power 9T Supply Feedback SRAM (SF-SRAM) (2011)

Low voltage operation of digital circuits continues to be an attractive option for aggressive power reduction. As standard SRAM bitcells are limited to operation in the strong-inversion regimes due to process variations and local mismatch, the development of specially designed SRAMs for low voltage operation has become popular in recent years. In this paper, we present a novel 9T bitcell, implementing a Supply Feedback concept to internally weaken the pull-up current during write cycles and thus enable low-voltage write operations. As opposed to the majority of existing solutions, this is achieved without the need for additional peripheral circuits and techniques. The proposed bitcell is fully functional under global and local variations at voltages from 250 mV to 1.1 V. In addition, the proposed cell presents a low-leakage state reducing power up to 60%, as compared to an identically supplied 8T bitcell. An 8 kbit SF-SRAM array was implemented and fabricated in a low-power 40 nm process, showing full functionality and ultra-low power.
Brain mechanisms underlying flavour and appetite (2006)

Complementary neurophysiological recordings in macaques and functional neuroimaging in humans show that the primary taste cortex in the rostral insula and adjoining frontal operculum provides separate and combined representations of the taste, temperature and texture (including viscosity and fat texture) of food in the mouth independently of hunger and thus of reward value and pleasantness. One synapse on, in the orbitofrontal cortex, these sensory inputs are for some neurons combined by learning with olfactory and visual inputs. Different neurons respond to different combinations, providing a rich representation of the sensory properties of food. In the orbitofrontal cortex, feeding to satiety with one food decreases the responses of these neurons to that food, but not to other foods, showing that sensory-specific satiety is computed in the primate (including human) orbitofrontal cortex. Consistently, activation of parts of the human orbitofrontal cortex correlates with subjective ratings of the pleasantness of the taste and smell of food. Cognitive factors, such as a word label presented with an odour, influence the pleasantness of the odour and the activation produced by the odour in the orbitofrontal cortex. These findings provide a basis for understanding how what is in the mouth is represented by independent information channels in the brain; how the information from these channels is combined; and how and where the reward and subjective affective value of food is represented and is influenced by satiety signals. Activation of these representations in the orbitofrontal cortex may provide the goal for eating, and understanding them helps to provide a basis for understanding appetite and its disorders.
Inheritance of the Arg64 Polymorphic Variants of the β3-Adrenergic Receptor is Linked to Impaired Insulin Secretion (2002)

Article Inheritance of the Arg64 Polymorphic Variants of the β3-Adrenergic Receptor is Linked to Impaired Insulin Secretion was published on April 1, 2002 in the journal International Journal on Disability and Human Development (volume 3, issue 2).
Automatic High-pressure Gas-sampling System for Gas Chromatography (1966)

The design and construction of a simple high-pressure-reducing and flow stabilization system for compressed gases is discussed. When used in conjunction with a conventional, automatic gas-sampling valve, this unit supplied suitable gas samples at predetermined pressures and flow rates for standard analytical procedures that employ gas chromatography. In this study the unit was used to sample compressed nitrogen, air, argon, and helium of up to 5,000 psi and to supply an analytical sample at 30 psig at a flow rate of 100 ml/min. Capillary restrictors, used to effect pressure reduction, greatly decreased the changes in gas composition due to contamination or coalescence of condensible components in the gas supply before analysis.
Expression of a Foreign Gene in a Line of Transgenic Mice Is Modulated by a Chromosomal Position Effect (1990)

Unusual aberrant expression of a foreign gene in a particular transgenic mouse line is often attributed to chromosomal position effect, although proof of this is lacking. An alternative explanation is that expression has been modified by the arrangement of multiple copies of the foreign gene at the insertion site or by mutation or gene rearrangement. We have distinguished between these explanations in the case of one particular transgenic line by recovering the aberrantly expressed foreign DNA and reintroducing it into the mouse genome to produce secondary transgenic mice. The expression pattern of the gene in the secondary transgenic mice was normal, showing that this case of aberrant expression is due to a chromosomal position effect.
2P288 Large-scale measurement of rotary motion properties of tethered Escherichia coli (E. coli) by video analysis(26. Measurements,Poster) (2013)

Recently, artificial cells have been attracted much attention as a model of living cells. The living cells are non-equilibrium chemically open systems and transport molecules in and out through their cell membrane in a controlled manner. However, artificial cells with a chemically open feature and a controlled transport of molecules have never been achieved yet.
High-pressure and high-temperature annealing as an activation method for ion-implanted dopants in diamond (2007)

The authors show that high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) annealing is very effective for the activation of ion-implanted dopants in diamond. The HPHT annealing condition is located in the thermodynamically stable region for diamond in the phase diagram and is, therefore, much more efficient for the recovery of implantation-induced damage and for the activation of ion-implanted dopants than thermal annealing in vacuum. The B-implanted film after HPHT annealing showed a high mobility of 632cm2∕Vs with a sheet hole concentration of 4.8×1010cm−2 at 300K and the doping efficiency of ∼7%. The mobility is the highest so far for ion-implanted diamond. In the entire annealing temperature range, the HPHT annealing is more efficient than the thermal annealing in vacuum.
Microscale Transport Processes in the Evaporator of a Constrained Vapor Bubble (2003)

Microgravity experiments on a constrained vapor bubble heat exchanger (CVB) are being developed for the space station. Results are presented of precursory experiments and modeling on microscale transport processes in the evaporator of the vertical constrained vapor bubble in the Earth's environment. A nonisothermal experimental setup was designed and built to study heat transfer and fluid flow in an ethanol/quartz vertical CVB system. Temperature profiles were measured using an in situ Labview® data acquisition system via thermocouples. Film thickness profiles were measured using image analyzing interferometry. A mathematical model was developed to yield the liquid film curvature profile in the evaporator. Experimentally measured curvature profiles were in good agreement with modeling results. A theoretical relation between the curvature and temperature profiles in the Earth's environment was developed. Under microgravity conditions, an analytical expression that reveals an inherent relation between temperature and liquid film curvature profiles was derived for the first time.
Terahertz-subterahertz BWO-spectroseopy (2006)

During last two decades we are successfully exploiting the quasioptical terahertz-subterahertz (THz-subTHz) BWO-spectrometers for spectroscopic needs (BWO - backward-wave oscillator, generator of the THz-subTHz radiation). The spectrometers allow for direct measurements of any optical characteristic of a material. In this contribution we demonstrate abilities of the THz-subTHz BWO-spectroscopy by presenting some latest results on measurements of dielectric, conducting, superconducting and magnetic materials.
Mechanisms Underlying Pneumococcal Transmission and Factors Influencing Host-Pneumococcus Interaction: A Review (2021)

<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (also called pneumococcus) is not only a commensal that frequently colonizes the human upper respiratory tract but also a pathogen that causes pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis. The mechanism of pneumococcal infection has been extensively studied, but the process of transmission has not been fully elucidated because of the lack of tractable animal models. Novel animal models of transmission have enabled further progress in investigating pneumococcal transmission mechanisms including the processes such as pneumococcal shedding, survival in the external environment, and adherence to the nasopharynx of a new host. Herein, we present a review on these animal models, recent research findings about pneumococcal transmission, and factors influencing the host-pneumococcus interaction.
Brazilian Biodiversity Fruits: Discovering Bioactive Compounds from Underexplored Sources (2019)

Large segments of the Brazilian population still suffer from malnutrition and diet-related illnesses. In contrast, many native fruits have biodiversity and are underexploited sources of bioactive compounds and unknown to consumers. The phytochemical composition of nine underexplored Brazilian fruits was determined. Carotenoids and anthocyanins were identified and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA-MS/MS), and phenolic compounds and iridoids were identified by flow injection analysis-electrospray-ion trap-tandem mass spectrometry (FIA-ESI-IT-MS/MS); in total, 84 compounds were identified. In addition, the chemical structure and pathway mass fragmentation of new iridoids from jenipapo ( Genipa americana) and jatoba ( Hymenae coubaril) are proposed. The highest level of carotenoids was registered in pequi ( Caryocar brasiliense; 10156.21 μg/100 g edible fraction), while the major total phenolic content was found in cambuci ( Campomanesia coubaril; 221.70 mg GAE/100 g). Anthocyanins were quantified in jabuticaba ( Plinia cauliflora; 45.5 mg/100 g) and pitanga ( Eugenia uniflora; 81.0 mg/100 g). Our study illustrates the chemical biodiversity of underexplored fruits from Brazil, supporting the identification of new compounds and encouraging the study of more food matrixes not yet investigated.
Association between Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Gene Polymorphism and Essential Hypertension: the Ohasama Study (2004)

Gene targeting approaches have suggested that the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) is involved in blood pressure (BP) regulation and modulation of the effect of angiotensin II. The A1166C polymorphism of the AT1 receptor gene (AT1R/A1166C) is associated with hypertension in Caucasians, but not in Japanese. The goal of this study, the Ohasama Study, was to examine the association between AT1R/A1166C and hypertension, especially home BP, in the Japanese general population. The Ohasama Study was a cohort study based on Japanese rural residents of Ohasama Town in the northern part of Japan. Subjects who gave informed consent to the study protocol and genetic analysis were recruited. Home BP was measured twice in the morning within 1 h of waking up and in the evening just before going to bed. The TaqMan polimerase chain reaction (PCR) method clearly determined AT1R/A1166C genotypes (n =1,207). The genotype distribution of AT1R/A1166C was as follows: AA 84%; AC 15%; CC 1%. There was almost no difference in baseline characteristics among the AT1R genotypes (AA, AC, CC). In the subjects not receiving antihypertensive medication (n =817), both casual BP and home BP were not different among the AT1R genotypes after adjusting for confounding factors (age, sex, body mass index, current smoking habit and current alcohol consumption). The frequency of hypertension showed no difference among AT1R genotypes after adjusting for confounding factors, though the AC and CC genotypes were more frequent in hypertensives than in normotensives. Our data suggested that the AT1R/A1166C polymorphism is not a major genetic predisposing factor for hypertension in Japanese.
Sustained Systemic Delivery of Green Tea Polyphenols by Polymeric Implants Significantly Diminishes Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced DNA Adducts (2011)

The polyphenolics in green tea are believed to be the bioactive components. However, poor bioavailability following ingestion limits their efficacy in vivo. In this study, polyphenon E (poly E), a standardized green tea extract, was administered by sustained-release polycaprolactone implants (two, 2-cm implants; 20% drug load) grafted subcutaneously or via drinking water (0.8% w/v) to female S/D rats. Animals were treated with continuous low dose of benzo[a]pyrene (BP) via subcutaneous polymeric implants (2 cm; 10% load) and euthanized after 1 and 4 weeks. Analysis of lung DNA by (32)P-postlabeling resulted in a statistically significant reduction (50%; p = 0.023) of BP-induced DNA adducts in the implant group; however, only a modest (34%) but statistically insignificant reduction occurred in the drinking water group at 1 week. The implant delivery system also showed significant reduction (35%; p = 0.044) of the known BP diolepoxide-derived DNA adduct after 4 weeks. Notably, the total dose of poly E administered was >100-fold lower in the implant group than the drinking water group (15.7 versus 1,632 mg, respectively). Analysis of selected phase I, phase II, and nucleotide excision repair enzymes at both mRNA and protein levels showed no significant modulation by poly E, suggesting that the reduction in the BP-induced DNA adducts occurred presumably due to known scavenging of the antidiolepoxide of BP by the poly E catechins. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that sustained systemic delivery of poly E significantly reduced BP-induced DNA adducts in spite of its poor bioavailability following oral administration.