gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plasticizer Effect on Grease Barrier and Color Properties of Whey‐protein Coatings on Paperboard (2003)

ABSTRACT Whey protein concentrates with ˜80% protein (WPC‐80) plasticized with 0.64 M glycerol or sucrose, or with 0.34 or 0.64 M sorbitol or polyethylene glycol (PEG) 200, produced flexible films. WPC‐80 with hydrolyzed lactose required addition of less sucrose to produce flexible films. WPC‐80 films formed as coatings on paperboard gave a grease barrier comparable to WPI film‐coatings. Long‐term ambient storage of WPC‐80 coated paperboard indicated that the use of sucrose as plasticizer imparted good grease resistance and minimized plasticizer migration.
Antimicrobial Peptide Exposure Selects for Resistant and Fit Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Mutants That Show Cross-Resistance to Antibiotics (2020)

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential components of the innate immune system and have been proposed as promising therapeutic agents against drug-resistant microbes. AMPs possess a rapid bactericidal mode of action and can interact with different targets, but bacteria can also avoid their effect through a variety of resistance mechanisms. Apart from hampering treatment by the AMP itself, or that by other antibiotics in the case of cross-resistance, AMP resistance might also confer cross-resistance to innate human peptides and impair the anti-infective capability of the human host. A better understanding of how resistance to AMPs is acquired and the genetic mechanisms involved is needed before using these compounds as therapeutic agents. Using experimental evolution and whole-genome sequencing, we determined the genetic causes and the effect of acquired <i>de novo</i> resistance to three different AMPs in the opportunistic pathogen <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i>, a bacterium that is intrinsically resistant to a wide range of antibiotics. Our results show that AMP exposure selects for high-level resistance, generally without any reduction in bacterial fitness, conferred by mutations in different genes encoding enzymes, transporters, transcriptional regulators, and other functions. Cross-resistance to AMPs and to other antibiotic classes not used for selection, as well as collateral sensitivity, was observed for many of the evolved populations. The relative ease by which high-level AMP resistance is acquired, combined with the occurrence of cross-resistance to conventional antibiotics and the maintained bacterial fitness of the analyzed mutants, highlights the need for careful studies of <i>S. maltophilia</i> resistance evolution to clinically valuable AMPs.<b>IMPORTANCE</b><i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i> is an increasingly relevant multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterium found, for example, in people with cystic fibrosis and associated with other respiratory infections and underlying pathologies. The infections caused by this nosocomial pathogen are difficult to treat due to the intrinsic resistance of this bacterium against a broad number of antibiotics. Therefore, new treatment options are needed, and considering the growing interest in using AMPs as alternative therapeutic compounds and the restricted number of antibiotics active against <i>S. maltophilia</i>, we addressed the potential for development of AMP resistance, the genetic mechanisms involved, and the physiological effects that acquisition of AMP resistance has on this opportunistic pathogen.
Missense mutations in a transmembrane domain of the Komagataeibacter xylinus BcsA lead to changes in cellulose synthesis (2019)

Abstract Background Cellulose is synthesized by an array of bacterial species. Komagataeibacter xylinus is the best characterized as it produces copious amounts of the polymer extracellularly. Despite many advances in the past decade, the mechanisms underlying cellulose biosynthesis are not completely understood. Elucidation of these mechanisms is essential for efficient cellulose production in industrial applications. Results In an effort to gain a better understanding of cellulose biosynthesis and its regulation, cellulose crystallization was investigated in K. xylinus mutants resistant to an inhibitor of cellulose I formation, pellicin. Through the use of forward genetics and site-directed mutagenesis, A449T and A449V mutations in the K. xylinus BcsA protein were found to be important for conferring high levels of pellicin resistance. Phenotypic analysis of the bcsAA449T and bcsAA449V cultures revealed that the mutations affect cellulose synthesis rates and that cellulose crystallinity is affected in wet pellicles but not dry ones. Conclusions A449 is located in a predicted transmembrane domain of the BcsA protein suggesting that the structure of the transmembrane domain influences cellulose crystallization either by affecting the translocation of the nascent glucan chain or by allosterically altering protein-protein interactions.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of The fusion kinase ITK-SYK mimics a T cell receptor signal and drives oncogenesis in conditional mouse models of peripheral T cell lymphoma. (2010)

Read the full review for this Faculty Opinions recommended article: The fusion kinase ITK-SYK mimics a T cell receptor signal and drives oncogenesis in conditional mouse models of peripheral T cell lymphoma.
Thermoelectric Properties of Doped (ZnO)mIn2O3 (2004)

The thermoelectric properties of layer-structured homologous compounds of (ZnO) m In 2 O 3 ( m is an integer) were investigated in terms of the detailed dependence of the molar ratio of ZnO to In 2 O 3 , n (=ZnO/In 2 O 3 ), and of doping, such as with Ba 2+ , Ca 2+ , Sr 2+ , and Sn 4+ , for an In site. Except for the Ba and Sr dopings, all sintered specimens with n ≥3 were found to be in the phases of (ZnO) m In 2 O 3 . The highest power factor apparently existed around n =3 while the thermal conductivity was minimum at the range from n =3.5 to 5. The Ca doping effectively reduced the thermal conductivity, resulting in a dimensionless figure of merit of 0.23 (at 1053 K) for n =3.5, which was relatively high among n-type oxides.
Amphiphilic Core−Shell Nanoparticles with Poly(ethylenimine) Shells as Potential Gene Delivery Carriers (2004)

Spherical, well-defined core−shell nanoparticles that consist of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) cores and branched poly(ethylenimine) shells (PEI) were synthesized via a graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate from branched PEI induced by a small amount of tert-butyl hydroperoxide. The PMMA-PEI core−shell nanoparticles were between 130 to170 nm in diameter and displayed zeta-potentials near +40 mV at pH 7 in 1 mM aqueous NaCl. Plasmid DNA (pDNA) was mixed with nanoparticles and formed complexes of approximately 120 nm in diameter and was highly monodispersed. The complexes were characterized with respect to their particle size, zeta-potential, surface morphology, and DNA integrity. The complexing ability of the nanoparticles was strongly dependent on the molecular weight of the PEI and the thickness of the PEI shells. The stability of the complexes was influenced by the loading ratio of the pDNA and the nanoparticles. The condensed pDNA in the complexes was significantly protected from enzymatic degradation by DNase I. Cytotoxity studies using MTT colorimetric assays suggested that the PMMA-PEI (25 kDa) core−shell nanoparticles were three times less toxic than the branched PEI (25 kDa). Their transfection efficiencies were also significantly higher. Thus, the PEI-based core−shell nanoparticles show considerable potential as carriers for gene delivery.
An algorithm for solving the dual problem of hydrothermal scheduling (1998)

Lagrangian relaxation has been widely used for the hydrothermal scheduling of power systems. The idea is to use Lagrangian multipliers to relax system-wide demand and reserve requirements, and decompose the problem into unit-wise subproblems that are much easier to solve. The multipliers are then updated at the high level, most commonly by using a subgradient method (SGM). Since the high level dual function is nondifferentiable with many "ridges", the SGM may zigzag across ridges resulting in slow convergence. This paper presents an algorithm that utilizes a recently developed "reduced complexity bundle method" (RCBM) to update the multipliers at the high level. The RCBM is a kind of "bundle method" that enjoy faster convergence compared to SGM, but has much reduced complexity as compared to a conventional bundle method. Testing results show that RCBM can find better directions, avoid zigzagging behavior and obtain better dual and feasible solutions as compared to the SGM.
Carbon Nanotube Interconnection and Its Electrical Properties for Semiconductor Applications (2009)

In this work, the integration and its electrical properties of a carbon nanotube (CNT) interconnect for semiconductor applications are presented. A series array of 1000 vias made of vertically grown CNTs was achieved with uniform electrical resistance within the wafer. The integration of CNT interconnection was implemented with conventional semiconductor processes by following sequential steps: bottom electrode and via hole patterning, CNT growth and planarization, and top electrode patterning on the wafer. Multi walled CNTs (MWCNTs) as the interconnection, titanium nitride as the bottom electrode, and aluminum with a titanium contact layer as the top electrode were used. We demonstrated well-defined CNT via interconnect with 700 nm via holes on a full-sized wafer. A via resistance of 350 kΩ and a CNT density of 2.7×1010/cm2 were achieved with a small resistance variation within the wafer, which also corresponded to 51.3 kΩ per MWCNT 10 nm in diameter. Possible approaches to further decrease of electrical resistance are suggested.
Micro- and Nanoparticles via Capillary Flows (2006)

This review surveys some capillary flows capable of stretching fluid interfaces down to the micrometric dimension and below. These types of flows have become the basis for attractive techniques to produce monodisperse micro- and nanoparticles with either simple or core-shell structure (micro- and nanocapsules, coaxial nanofibers, and hollow nanofibers). These techniques enable precise control on the particle mean size. We also review the basic physics of the flow and the dimensionless parameters that govern these capillary flows. Some examples of the types of particles produced by a few devices are also presented.
Emotional consequences of wheel running in mice: Which is the appropriate control? (2010)

An overview of the literature on the emotional impacts of wheel running reveals contradictory findings. Among the hypotheses underlying such a discrepancy, that related to the different housing conditions of the controls, i.e., standard housing without any object or housing with blocked running wheels, merits attention. We addressed this point in C57Bl/6N mice by examining the consequences of chronic wheel running on anxiety, context fear recall, and behavioral despair compared either to standard control housing or to housing with blocked wheels. Compared to standard housing, wheel running proved anxiolytic while facilitating fear memory. On the other hand, wheel running increased behavioral despair but influenced neither anxiety nor fear memory when compared to housing with blocked wheels. This study suggests that investigations aimed at measuring the emotional consequences of wheel running should take into consideration the housing conditions of the controls to which are compared the runners.
Hemodynamic Dysfunction in Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome and the Effects of Treatment with Surgically Induced Weight Loss (1988)

Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS), defined as a PaO2 less than or equal to 55 mmHg and/or PaCo2 greater than or equal to 47 mmHg, was found in approximately 8% of morbidly obese patients undergoing gastric surgery for morbid obesity and was frequently associated with clinically significant pulmonary hypertension and cardiac dysfunction. Forty-six morbidly obese patients, 26 with and 20 without OHS, underwent preoperative pulmonary artery catheterization. Although the two groups had similar values for percent ideal body weight, blood pressure, and cardiac index, the OHS patients had significantly higher mean pulmonary artery pressures (PAP), p less than 0.0001, and pulmonary artery occlusion pressures (PAOP), p less than 0.01. Eighteen OHS patients were restudied 3-9 months after gastric surgery. PaO2 increased from 50 +/- 10 to 69 +/- 14 mmHg, p less than 0.0001, and PaCO2 decreased from 52 +/- 7 to 42 +/- 4 mmHg, p less than 0.0001), after the loss of 42 +/- 19% excess weight. These changes were associated with significant decreases in PAP (from 36 +/- 14 to 23 +/- 7 mmHg, p less than 0.0001) and PAOP (from 17 +/- 7 to 12 +/- 6 mmHg, p less than 0.01). Significant correlations were noted between PAP and PAOP (r = +0.8, p less than 0.0001) and PAP and PaO2 (r = -0.6, p less than 0.0001). Both left ventricular dysfunction, defined as a PAOP greater than or equal to 18 mmHg, as well as pulmonary artery vasoconstriction, defined as PAEDP greater than 5 mmHg above PAOP, contributed to pulmonary hypertension in OHS patients. In conclusion, weight loss after gastric surgery for morbid obesity significantly improved arterial blood gases and hemodynamic function in OHS patients.
Table S1. Immunosuppressive Pathways Decreased Following miR-200c Restoration from Reversal of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer EMT by miR-200c Decreases Tryptophan Catabolism and a Program of Immunosuppression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Extended list of genes associated with enriched immunosuppressive pathways following GSEA analysis in BT549-TripZ-200c cells following miR-200c restoration.&lt;/p&gt;
Spent Li-Ion Battery Electrode Material with Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide as a Reusable Catalyst for Oxidation of Biofurans (2022)

The wide use of Li-ion batteries in energy storage has resulted in a new waste product stream rich in valuable metals Mn, Ni, and Co with well-known catalytic activities. In this work, a spent Li-ion battery electrode material with lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide is shown as an excellent reusable catalyst for oxidation of biomass-derived furan aldehydes and alcohols to their value-added oxidation products with applications in the sustainable polymer industry. A mechanically separated, combined cathode and anode black material from a spent DELL 1525 laptop battery was pyrolyzed in air at 600 °C to remove binders and electrolytes to prepare the catalyst. The SEM, XRF, and X-ray crystallography analysis of the catalyst showed the presence of C, O, Li, Ni, Co, and Mn, indicating the presence of a lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (LiNixMnyCozO2)-type cathode material in the spent Li-ion battery employed in the study. This material was shown as an efficient catalyst for the oxidation of aldehyde and alcohol functional groups in biofurans, furan-2-aldehyde, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, and 5,5′-[oxybis(methylene)]bis[2-furaldehyde], to their corresponding carboxylic acids in 82–97% yield, at 120–140 °C, under 1.24 MPa oxygen, and in 0.10 M aq. Na2CO3 medium.
A proteomic analysis of canine serum during the course of babesiosis (2013)

Canine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease that is caused by the haemoprotozoan parasites of the genus Babesia (Taboada and Merchant, 1991). There are limited data of serum proteomics in dogs, and none of babesiosis. The aim of this study was to identify the potential serum biomarkers using proteomic techniques and to increase our understanding about disease pathogenesis.
Cervical ripening and labor outcome with preinduction intracervical prostaglandin E2 (Prepidil) gel. (1987)

Delivery with an unfavorable cervix using oxytocin is frequently unsuccessful. Used widely in Europe and increasingly in this country, locally applied prostaglandin E2 appears to improve labor induction. The present study prospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of a prostaglandin gel (0.5 mg) placed intracervically. The use of the gel, when compared to a control group who received no pretreatment prior to labor induction, resulted in improved Bishop scores (7.5 +/- 1.0 vs. 1.8 +/- 0.3, P less than 0.0001), reduced induction to delivery intervals (10.1 +/- 2.1 vs. 20.6 +/- 2.0 hours), reduced oxytocin infusion duration (10.0 +/- 2.1 vs. 20.0 +/- 2.3 hours. P less than 0.0001) resulting in a lower cesarean delivery rate, 26 vs. 47 per cent (P greater than 0.05). Thirty-two per cent of patients receiving the prostaglandin gel labored and delivered within 12 hours and required no oxytocin. In addition, the use of prostaglandin E2 gel appeared safe in that no patient experienced an untoward reaction. Two cases of uterine hyperstimulation occurred that required uterine tocolysis but were not associated with fetal distress. The use of prostaglandin gel appears to be a safe and effective method to improve cervical inducibility in patients undergoing induction for a variety of maternal and fetal indications.
The Willgerodt Reaction Applied to α- and γ-Alkylpyridines (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Willgerodt Reaction Applied to α- and γ-AlkylpyridinesHerschel D. PorterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 1, 127–128Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01630a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01630a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views293Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chemical equilibrium systems as numerical test problems (1990)

A system of nonlinear equations has been used as a test case by at least two authors. This system is purported to describe the equilibrium of the products of hydrocarbon combustion. The given system does not describe the stated physical problem, a fact which invalidates it as a test of solution methods for chemical equilibrium systems. In this note, the problem is correctly stated and then solved by the method of element variables.
Recommendations for Rotavirus Vaccine (2013)

Rotavirus infection has been the leading cause of gastroenteritis among children in Taiwan. Studies have shown that 40% of hospitalization for acute gastroenteritis can be prevented through the use of vaccines, including a live, attenuated monovalent rotavirus vaccine and a pentavalent, human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine. In 2009, the World Health Organization suggested that rotavirus vaccine should be included in all national immunization programs. This review summarizes issues and recommendations discussed during an expert meeting in Taiwan. The recommendations included: (1) rotavirus vaccine should be offered to all healthy infants (including those without contraindications, such as immunodeficiency) at an appropriate age; (2) either monovalent or pentavalent vaccine can be administered concurrently with routine injected vaccines; (3) the administration of rotavirus vaccine must be administered at least 2 weeks prior to oral polio vaccination; (4) the first vaccine dose for infants should be administered between age 6 weeks and age 14 weeks 6 days and the course should be completed by age 8 months 0 day; (5) pentavalent vaccines can be administered at 2 months, 4 months, and 6 months while monovalent vaccines can be taken at 2 months and 4 months; (6) a combined use of monovalent and pentavalent vaccine is justified only when the previous dose is unavailable or unknown; and (7) rotavirus vaccines may be given to premature infants, human immunodeficiency virus infected infants and infants who have received or are going to receive blood products.
Basic Policy for Nuclear Energy” and “White Paper on Nuclear Energy 2016” (2018)

新しい原子力委員会は，自らの役割に鑑み，かつて策定してきた｢原子力の研究，開発及び利用に関する長期計画｣や｢原子力政策大綱｣のような網羅的かつ詳細な計画を策定しないものの，今後の原子力政策について政府としての長期的な方向性を示唆する羅針盤となる｢原子力利用に関する基本的考え方｣を2017年7月20日に策定し，翌21日には閣議決定された。
Preventing a surgical complication during cesarean delivery in a morbidly obese patient: a simple apparatus to retract the abdominal panniculus. (2006)

Obesity is no longer just a "Western" problem, as evidenced by an increase in prevalence of up to 75% in parts of the developing world. It is important to transfer experience from the developed world to developing countries in an attempt to prepare for the inevitable health and economic problems. This case report highlights an unusual intraoperative complication that has medical and medico-legal implications. A simple apparatus designed to retract the panniculus of an obese patient might reduce complications when performing abdominal surgery in such cases.
Thermally-Responsive Loading and Release of Elastin-Like Polypeptides from Contact Lenses (2019)

Contact lenses are widely prescribed for vision correction, and as such they are an attractive platform for drug delivery to the anterior segment of the eye. This manuscript explores a novel strategy to drive the reversible adsorption of peptide-based therapeutics using commercially available contact lenses. To accomplish this, thermo-sensitive elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) alone or tagged with a candidate ocular therapeutic were characterized. For the first time, this manuscript demonstrates that Proclear Compatibles<sup>TM</sup> contact lenses are a suitable platform for ELP adsorption. Two rhodamine-labelled ELPs, V96 (thermo-sensitive) and S96 (thermo-insensitive), were employed to test temperature-dependent association to the contact lenses. During long-term release into solution, ELP coacervation significantly modulated the release profile whereby more than 80% of loaded V96 retained with a terminal half-life of ~4 months, which was only 1-4 days under solubilizing conditions. A selected ocular therapeutic candidate lacritin-V96 fusion (LV96), either free or lens-bound LV96, was successfully transferred to HCE-T cells. These data suggest that ELPs may be useful to control loading or release from certain formulations of contact lenses and present a potential for this platform to deliver a biologically active peptide to the ocular surface via contact lenses.