gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Material for resistive barriers in Bi-2223/Ag tapes (2001)

The reactivities of several oxide materials (OM) in direct contact with BSCCO powder has been tested at a temperature of approximately 845 °C in air. The OM such as BaZrO3, SrCO3, MgO and ZrO2 showing little or no reactivity with BSCCO were mixed (10 wt%) with a BSCCO precursor powder and used for monocore tapes made by a standard powder-in-tube technique. The microstructure of the BSCCO+OM cores was analysed by SEM and XRD and the transport current properties - critical current, pinning force and resistance up to 16 T - were measured as a function of the magnetic field for various orientations with respect to the ab plane. The OM used influenced the electrical properties of the Bi-2223 phase in different ways. This is because the oxides react with BSCCO during the heat treatment and simultaneously affect the 2212→2223 phase transformation as well as the Bi-2223 grain growth and grain connectivity. Submicrometre commercial SrCO3 powder was evaluated as the best material from all those tested, for resistive barriers in Bi-2223/Ag tapes.
LC–MS-Based Quantification of Intact Proteins: Perspective for Clinical and Bioanalytical Applications (2015)

Bioanalytical LC-MS for protein quantification is traditionally based on enzymatic digestion of the target protein followed by absolute quantification of a specific signature peptide relative to a stable-isotope labeled analog. The enzymatic digestion, nonetheless, limits rapid method development, sample throughput and turnaround time, and, moreover, makes that essential information regarding the biological function of the intact protein is lost. The recent advancements in high-resolution MS instrumentation and improved sample preparation techniques dedicated to protein clean-up raise the question to what extent LC-MS can be applied for quantitative bioanalysis of intact proteins. This review provides an overview of current and potential applications of LC-MS for intact protein quantification as well as the main limitations and challenges for broad application.
Analytical lifecycle management approach: Application to development of a reliable LC method for estimation of lacidipine (2019)

Abstract Lack of quality analytical methods with assured robustness and reliability has always been a serious concern for drug regulatory agencies. In the present study, a contemporary approach of analytical life‐cycle management resulted in the robust and reliable chromatographic analysis of lacidipine at a retention time of 5.1 min on a C‐18 column. Method variables such as %acetonitrile, flow rate, and pH were optimized using the design of experiment approach and their effect on critical quality attributes was studied. The attributes of the present study were significantly influenced by %acetonitrile and flow of the mobile phase. The newly optimized method was validated for various parameters with values in accordance with federal guidance. The lifecycle approach proved to be beneficial for routine application with a potential of future bio‐analytical utility.
Data from A Pooled Analysis of Smoking and Colorectal Cancer: Timing of Exposure and Interactions with Environmental Factors (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background:&lt;/b&gt; Considerable evidence suggests that cigarette smoking is associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). What is unclear, however, is the impact of quitting smoking on risk attenuation and whether other risk factors for CRC modify this association.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; We conducted a pooled analysis of eight studies, including 6,796 CRC cases and 7,770 controls, to evaluate the association between cigarette smoking history and CRC risk and to investigate potential effect modification by other risk factors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Current smokers [OR, 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11–1.43] and former smokers (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.09–1.27), relative to never smokers, showed higher risks of CRC. Former smokers remained at higher CRC risk, relative to never smokers, for up to about 25 years after quitting. The impact of time since quitting varied by cancer subsite: The excess risk due to smoking decreased immediately after quitting for proximal colon and rectal cancer but not until about 20 years post-quitting for distal colon cancer. Furthermore, we observed borderline statistically significant additive interactions between smoking status and body mass index [BMI; relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI]), 0.15; 95% CI, −0.01 to 0.31; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.06] and significant additive interaction between smoking status and fruit consumption (RERI, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.01–0.30; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.04).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; CRC risk remained increased for about 25 years after quitting smoking, and the pattern of decline in risk varied by cancer subsite. BMI and fruit intake modified the risk associated with smoking.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Impact:&lt;/b&gt; These results contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms through which smoking impacts CRC etiology. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(11); 1974–85. ©2012 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
New Mechanism of Acyclovir Resistance in Herpes Simplex Virus 1, Which Has a UAG Stop Codon between the First and Second AUG Initiation Codons (2020)

Morphological changes in the structure of the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) viral thymidine kinase (vTK) polypeptide usually lead to conferring acyclovir (ACV) resistance. HSV-1 I4-2, in which a UAG stop codon is present at the 8th position between the 1st initiation AUG codon (1st position) and the 2nd initiation AUG codon (46th position) of the HSV-1 vTK gene, showed sensitivity to ACV. In contrast, HSV-1 KG111, in which a UAG stop codon was artificially inserted at the 44th position, showed resistance to ACV at 39˚C. The mechanism underlying the difference in the sensitivity profiles was elucidated. The virus recombinants HSV-1-TK(8UAG) and HSV-1-TK(44UAG) containing a UAG stop codon at the 8th and 44th positions counted from the 1st initiation codon, respectively, were generated and tested for susceptibility to antiviral compounds. HSV-1-TK(8UAG) and HSV-1-TK(44UAG) were sensitive and resistant to ACV and BVdU at 37˚C, respectively. The expression level of the truncated vTK translated from the 2nd initiation codon in Vero cells infected with HSV-1-TK(44UAG) was clearly less than that with HSV-1-TK(8UAG) in a temperature-dependent manner. The differences in the antiviral sensitivity profiles were due to the position of the UAG stop codon between the 1st and the 2nd initiation codons.
Challenges in the diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: Recommendations from the North American Consortium for Histiocytosis (NACHO) (2019)

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a syndrome of pathologic immune activation, often associated with genetic defects of lymphocyte cytotoxicity. Though a distinctive constellation of features has been described for HLH, diagnosis remains challenging as patients have diverse presentations associated with a variety of triggers. We propose two concepts to clarify how HLH is diagnosed and treated: within the broader syndrome of HLH, "HLH disease" should be distinguished from "HLH disease mimics" and HLH subtypes should be categorized by specific etiologic associations, not the ambiguous dichotomy of "primary" and "secondary." We provide expert-based advice regarding the diagnosis and initiation of treatment for patients with HLH, rooted in improved understanding of its pathophysiology.
Management of Orthopaedic Sequelae of Congenital Spinal Disorders (2009)

Akbar, Michael MD; Bresch, Bjoern MD; Seyler, Thorsten M. MD; Wenz, Wolfram MD; Bruckner, Thomas PhD; Abel, Rainer MD; Carstens, Claus MD Author Information
Bond-on-Lead: A Novel Flip-Chip Interconnection Technology for Fine Effective Pitch and High I/O Density (2006)

A new flip chip interconnection structure termed BOL (bond on lead) comprising attachment of bumps to narrow pads or traces as opposed to conventional circular capture pads has been developed. The motivation for such a structure is to free up real estate for escape routing of signal lines between bumps on the topmost layer of the substrate leading to either complete elimination of layer pairs or relaxation of design rules for routing on the top layer. The reliability of the asymmetric solder joint structure so formed is investigated using hi Pb (97% lead & 3% tin) bumps and ABF (Ajinomoto build-up film, or other widely used film based high density substrates) build-up and laminate substrates by means of a test vehicle device and through finite element analysis. It is shown that the solder joints are at least as reliable as conventional solder joints; furthermore, it is found that the maximum plastic strain in the solder joint is in fact reduced by virtue of the asymmetric BOL structure which in turn increases the fatigue resistance of the solder joint as well as reduces the stress on the silicon induced by CTE (coefficient of thermal expansion) mismatch. Extended reliability studies and formal qualification results are presented. The implications of the higher routing density enabled by BOL interconnection on substrates for common device families such as GPUs, ASICs, DSPs and FPGAs are examined - it is found that an I/O (input/output) density parameter termed effective signal escape pitch for most devices falls in the range of 50 /spl mu/m to 110 /spl mu/m and greater than 50 % of these devices can be routed in 4 layers using BOL methodology and a microstrip transmission line architecture, while the rest can be designed so as to relax the design rules for signal escapes on the top layer of the substrate.
TSV multi-signal connection compact modeling (2013)

This paper presents wideband circuit level compact models of through-silicon via (TSV) multi-signal connections within an array. The models were developed for time and frequency domain characterization of periodic TSV array patterns, including crosstalk evaluation. A frequency dependent silicon substrate induced dispersion and loss effects are considered, as well as the skin and proximity effects. The models were verified by EM simulations up to 30 GHz.
NF-?B activation by N-CAM and cytokines in astrocytes is regulated by multiple protein kinases and redox modulation (2001)

Interaction of the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) with astrocytes activates a transcription factor, NF-kappaB, that mediates inflammatory responses after neural injury. Here we describe intracellular signaling events that link N-CAM binding to NF-kappaB-mediated transcription. Addition of the third immunoglobulin domain of N-CAM (Ig III), which mimics the activity of intact N-CAM, or of cytokines (interleukin-1beta or tumor necrosis factor-alpha), increased transcription from an NF-kappaB-responsive luciferase reporter gene construct that had been transiently transfected into neonatal rat forebrain astrocytes. NF-kappaB activity induced by Ig III or cytokines was decreased by inhibition of nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), phospholipase C, protein kinase C (PKC), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), or oxidative stress. Inhibition of PKC blocked nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB protein while binding of NF-kappaB to DNA was decreased by modulation of redox homeostasis. In contrast, inhibition of CaMKII and nonreceptor PTKs altered neither nuclear translocation nor DNA binding, suggesting that these kinases affect NF-kappaB transactivation. A number of agents that inhibit NF-kappaB activation in other cell types did not affect activation in astrocytes. These findings suggest that activation of NF-kappaB by N-CAM and cytokines in astrocytes involves multiple signals that differentially affect NF-kappaB nuclear translocation, DNA binding, and transactivation.
High Definition In Vivo Retinal Volumetric Video Rate OCT at 0.6 Giga-Voxels per Second (2015)

We present full volumetric high speed OCT imaging of the retina with multiple settings varying in volume size and volume rate. The volume size ranges from 255x255 A-scans to 160x40 A-scans with 450 samples per depth scan with volume rates varying between 20.8 V/s for the largest volumes to 195.2 V/s for the smallest. The system is based on a 1060nm Fourier domain mode locked (FDML) laser with 1.6MHz line rate. Scanning along the fast axis is performed with a 2.7 kHz or 4.3 kHz resonant scanner operated in bidirectional scanning mode, while a standard galvo scanner is used for the slow axis. The performance is analyzed with respect to various potential applications, like intraoperative OCT.
MonocrystallineInP Thin Films with Tunable SurfaceMorphology and Energy Band gap (2020)

InP
is currently being used in various (opto)­electronic and energy
device applications. However, the high cost of InP substrates and
associated epitaxial growth techniques has been huge impediments for
its widespread use. Here, large-area monocrystalline InP thin films
are demonstrated via a convenient cracking method,
and the InP thin films show material properties identical to their
bulk counterparts. Furthermore, the same substrate can be reused for
the production of additional InP thin films. This cracking technique
is also shown to be a versatile tool to form an ultrasmooth surface
or a microscale periodic triangular grating structure on the surface,
depending on the orientation of the donor substrate used. Strain-induced
band gap energy shift is also observed in localized regions of the
thin film with a grating structure. The simplicity of this technique,
which does not require any sophisticated equipment and complex fabrication
process, is promising to reduce the cost of InP thin-film devices.
Fuel ethanol from raw corn by Aspergilli hydrolysis with concurrent yeast fermentation (1983)

We report a fatal case of disseminated mpox infection that progressed over more than three months in an HIV-infected patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Mucocutaneous, pleuropulmonary, central nervous system, and gastrointestinal involvement was documented. This course of disease resembles progressive vaccinia, a formerly reported disease caused by uncontrolled replication of smallpox vaccination orthopoxviruses in immunosuppressed patients. Severe small bowel involvement jeopardized normal oral tecovirimat and antiretroviral therapy absorption. This problem prompted the use of full parenteral antiretrovirals and endovenous cidofovir. Although a remarkable decrease in HIV viral load occurred in six days, mpox infection continued to progress, and the patient died of septic shock. This case offers new clinical insights on the presentation of severe disease in AIDS patients. Moreover, this case alerts for the need for prompt therapy initiation in patients at risk of ominous clinical progression.
Repeated Vertical Semicircular Canal Stimulation Does not Habituate Horizontal Nystagmus in Cat (1964)

A group of cats was exposed to a series of angular accelerations about a vertical rotatory axis with the head tilted so that a synergic pair of vertical canals were in the plane of rotation, and then tested with the lateral canals in the plane of rotation. This group was compared with a second group that received only lateral canal stimulation, and with a third group that received neither lateral nor vertical canal stimulation. It was found that repeated acceleration of the vertical canals does not reduce that nystagmus elicited with the lateral canals accelerated in the plane of rotation.
INFLUENCE OF AUTONOMIC INNERVATION ON THE FOETAL RAT PANCREAS IN VITRO (1978)

Foetal rat pancreatic rudiments, explanted on day 14 of gestation and grown for 7 days in organ culture, were highly sensitive to the stimulatory effect of glucose on insulin secretion. The autonomic innervation of the cultivated explant was investigated as a possible explanation of this phenomenon. No sign of sympathetic innervation was detected in the pancreas explanted on day 14; the uptake of alpha-methyl-noradrenaline was not detectable by fluorescence microscopy, the concentration of noradrenaline/pancreatic rudiment was less than 7 pg and no nerve-endings containing granular vesicles were visible by electron microscopy. It was concluded that sympathetic innervation of the pancreas occurs after day 14 of gestation. Sympathetic receptors developed independently of innervation since phentolamine, and, to a lesser extent, phenoxybenzamine, potentiated the glucose-induced insulin release from cultured explants. The beta-agonists isoproterenol or salbutamol were inactive alone, but in combination with phentolamine, they potentiated the effect of glucose. Alpha-antagonists reversed the inhibitory effect of adrenaline in a dose-dependent manner. Intrapancreatic neurones were demonstrated microscopically as cholinesterase-positive cells; parasympathetic receptors were shown to be present after potentiation of glucose-stimulated insulin release by carbamylcholine and its reversal by atropine. The preservation of parasympathetic innervation and the absence of sympathetic innervation in the cultured pancreatic rudiment may explain in part the high sensitivity of the tissue to the stimulatory effect of glucose on the release of insulin.
Most valuable player: a robot device server for distributed control (2002)

Successful distributed sensing and control require data to flow effectively between sensors, processors and actuators on single robots, in groups and across the Internet. We propose a mechanism for achieving this flow that we have found to be powerful and easy to use; we call it Player. Player combines an efficient message protocol with a simple device model. It is implemented as a multithreaded TCP socket server that provides transparent network access to a collection of sensors and actuators, often comprising a robot. The socket abstraction enables platform- and language-independent control of these devices, allowing the system designer to use the best tool for the task at hand Player is freely available from http://robotics.usc.edu/player.
Studies on the Mechanism of the Reaction of Peroxides and Alkenes with Copper Salts*,1 (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies on the Mechanism of the Reaction of Peroxides and Alkenes with Copper Salts*,1Jay K. Kochi and Harold E. MainsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 6, 1862–1872Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01017a036https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01017a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views620Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Numerically stable and physically intuitive analysis of diffracting and subwavelength non-rectangular shape gratings (2016)

We propose and demonstrate a physically intuitive formulation of Simplified Modal Method (SMM) that can be applied for the analysis of diffracting and subwavelength gratings of non-rectangular shapes at arbitrary angles of incidence.
Taxonomy and geographic distribution of potential toxic cyanobacterial strains in Morocco (2002)

In Morocco, poisoning events of fish, aquatic birds and livestock have been observed in some reservoirs and shallow lakes. In all cases, the reasons for animal mortality reasons have not been confirmed and the toxic cyanobacteria strains that were abundant in these water bodies have been suggested as their cause. Since 1994, the authors started taxonomic, ecological and toxicological studies by collecting samples from various lakes reservoirs and ponds. The results show that more than 18 out of 26 lakes reservoirs used for human water supply contained at least one species of planktonic cyanobacteria, where the genus Microcystis was dominant (Microcystis aeruginosa f. aeruginosa, M. aeruginosa f. flos-aquae, M. ichthyoblabe, M. pulverea f. delicatissima) and was associated with Oscillatoria, Planktothrix, Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Phormidium and other genera. Taxonomic studies shows that among more than 150 cyanobacteria taxa identified in Moroccan freshwater ecosystems, 35 are potentially toxic. For several species, the toxicity of both natural blooms and isolated strains lyophilized material was confirmed by mouse bioassay and the microcystins content evaluated by the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A map of geographic distribution of Microcystis strains inventoried in moroccan water bodies is presented.
Low threshold room temperature GaAs quantum cascade lasers with Alo.45Gao.55As waveguide. (2004)

Significant improvements in the threshold current density of GaAs quantum cascade lasers are obtained by using waveguide with Al 045Ga0.55As cladding layers.
Net worth: shaping markets when customers make the rules (1999)

From the Publisher:
Sellers, beware. Buyers are losing their patience, and you're losing their trust. It's only a matter of time before they start hiring agents to represent them in many of their commercial transactions. This startling proposition lies at the heart of Net Worth, the new book from John Hagel. Here Hagel teams with Marc Singer to identify a powerful source of sustainable revenue through the internet, one with potential to upend the relationship between businesses and their customers and challenge our fundamental beliefs about marketing, brands, and value. In Net Worth, Hagel and Singer argue that consumers are mastering new technologies to capture their own information and deny access to others without their consent. Net Worth describes this convergence of commerce, technology, and consumer frustration as the incubator for a new kind of business - an information intermediary or infomediary - that seeks to protect customers' privacy while maximizing the value of their information assets. So that companies can get a jump on navigating this still-unfamiliar terrain, Net Worth lays out the underlying economic and competitive dynamics that will foster the emerging business of the infomediary.
Erratum: Coexistence of amplitude and frequency modulations in intracellular calcium dynamics [Phys. Rev. E77, 030903(R) (2008)] (2008)

The complex dynamics of intracellular calcium regulates cellular responses to information encoded in extracellular signals. Here we study the encoding of these external signals in the context of the Li-Rinzel model. We show that by control of biophysical parameters the information can be encoded in amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), or mixed (AM and FM) modulation. We briefly discuss the possible implications of this role of information encoding for astrocytes.