gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flash Lamp Annealing of ITO thin films on ultra‐thin glass (2015)

Abstract Ultra‐fast thermal annealing of thin films with annealing times of few milliseconds are faster und more energy efficient than conventional furnace annealing methods. By using flash lamp annealing, only the surface is heated while the substrate remains cold. This allows the refinement of indium‐tin‐oxide films on rigid and ultra‐thin flexible glass and improves their conductivity and transmittance.
Cleavage of the Carbon—Carbon Bond in Biphenylene Using Transition Metals (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Polymer-based parallel tandem solar cells with a transparent ferroelectric interconnecting layer (2014)

We present a parallel polymer tandem solar cell that contains a transparent ferroelectric interconnecting layer based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) between two subcells. The interconnecting layer suppresses charge recombination, which leads to a large increase in short-circuit current and, thereby, effective parallel connection of the two subcells. The tandem cells maintained open-circuit voltages in the region between those of the subcells. An additional increase in the short-circuit current of the tandem cells was attained by introducing another ferroelectric layer to suppress charge recombination at the interface between the front subcell and a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonic acid) layer. As a result, a power conversion efficiency of 5.61% was obtained with the tandem structure PVDF/PCDTBT:PC71BM/PVDF/PTB7:PC71BM (PCDTBT is poly[N-9″-hepta-decanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4′,7′-di-2-thienyl-2′,1′,3′-benzothiadiazole)], PC71BM is [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester, and PTB7 is thieno[3,4-b]-thiophene/benzodithiophene). The tandem cell was analyzed using a parallel two-diode circuit model. The results obtained from modeling showed excellent agreement with the experimental ones.
Comparison Between Time-Frequency Techniques to Predict Ball Bearing Faults in Drives Executing Arbitrary Motion Profiles (2008)

In this paper Wavelet Transform (WT) and Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) are used as bearing diagnostics tools in drives executing arbitrary motion profiles. This field is increasingly drawing the attention of the industries because the modern electric motors work as electric cams inducing the shaft to move with a cyclic variable-velocity profile. The literature papers take into account only a constant velocity profile and they are not suitable for such applications. In fact literature methods analyse the signal only in the frequency domain, while in variable-velocity condition the bearing diagnostics should be performed in time domain. Both WT and HHT are time-frequency techniques which describe an input signal as a sum of specific functions. These functions are compared with a signal which simulates the expected vibrations of a bearing with a given fault, e.g. on the outer race. The comparison is done through a cross-correlation between the expected signal and the time-frequency techniques output. WT and HHT are used separately in an industrial case, which consists in bearing fault prediction in an automated packaging machine. In the end of the paper the WT and HHT results are discussed to analyse the different responses.
Autonomous component carrier selection: interference management in local area environments for LTE-advanced (2009)

Low-power base stations such as femtocells are one of the candidates for high-data-rate provisioning in local areas, such as residences, apartment complexes, business offices, and outdoor hotspot scenarios. Unfortunately, the benefits are not without new challenges in terms of interference management and efficient system operation. Due to the expected large number of user-deployed cells, centralized network planning becomes impractical, and new scalable alternatives must be sought. In this article we propose a fully distributed and scalable solution to the interference management problem in local areas, basing our study case on LTEAdvanced. We present extensive network simulation results to demonstrate that a simple and robust interference management scheme, called autonomous component carrier selection, allows each cell to select the most attractive frequency configuration; improving the experience of all users and not just the few best ones, while overall cell capacity is not compromised.
Restricted amino acid nutrition induces attachment to glass and spreading of Ehrlich ascites tumour cells. (1988)

Ehrlich ascites tumour (EAT) cells were cultured in vitro in Eagle's MEM and Medium 199 with a lowered amino-acid content. Under these conditions EAT cells lose their rounded shape typical of highly malignant cancer cells, and begin to spread on the substratum. The changes in EAT cell morphology are preceded by a decrease in the rate of protein synthesis. These changes were maintained for three days after returning the cells to Eagle's MEM with a normal amino-acid content, but the return to control media did not cause reasumption of growth in the once spread cells. The increase in glucose content (up to five-fold) or the presence of inhibitors of DNA synthesis did not prevent the attachment and flattening of EAT cells in media with a lowered amino acid content. Several possible mechanisms of the influence of restricted amino-acid availability on the changes in EAT cell surface properties are pointed out and the need for study of cancer cell responses to restricted nutrition is discussed.
An Expeditious Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Valilactone (2006)

The title compound was synthesized through an expeditious route using Crimmins aldolization to establish the two key stereogenic centers and a hydroxyl group activation (HGA) protocol to construct the anti alpha,beta-disubstituted beta-lactone from the corresponding syn aldol.
Touch-Driven Interaction between Physical Space and Cyberspace with NFC (2011)

Nowadays, natural and intuitive interactions between physical space and cyberspace have become increasingly important in our daily life. In this paper, we propose touch-driven interaction, which translates touch action into information flow in cyberspace, and result in media activity in physical space. Using NFC technology, user can simply touch smart phone with NFC tags to interact with TV, stereo, digital frame, etc. Compared with recognition-based interactions, touch-driven interaction features full user controllability, fine-grain accuracy and high usability. We also present several applications, including Touch&Connect, Touch&Watch, Touch&Listen and Touch&MakeFriends, to demonstrate touch-driven interaction, and conclude that such interaction is both intuitive and convenient in daily life.
Effects of Halothane on Human and Rat Hepatocyte Cultures (1990)

The aim of this study was to investigate direct cytotoxicity to human and rat hepatocytes in primary culture from halothane and compare it with that of isoflurane, which is known to be minimally metabolized and less toxic in vivo. Both human and rat parenchymal cells were isolated by the two-step collagenase perfusion method and after attachment to plastic were incubated with either volatile anesthetic for 24 h. All the cultures were maintained in 20% O2 condition and were not induced prior to anesthetic treatment. Temperature, atmosphere conditions, and anesthetic concentrations were kept constant during the study period. Evaluation of cytotoxicity was based on morphologic, biologic (determination of both extracellular and intracellular lactate dehydrogenase activity), and metabolic (protein synthesis and secretion) end points. Protein synthesis and secretion rates were found to be the most sensitive parameters in hepatocyte cultures from both species. Protein synthesis was inhibited by 18% and protein secretion by 50% in the presence of 1 and 1.25 mM halothane, respectively, in human cell cultures (P less than 0.05). With 1.25 mM halothane intracellular lactate dehydrogenase was also decreased; lactate dehydrogenase leakage and morphologic alterations were detected only beyond 5 mM halothane. By contrast, in rat hepatocyte cultures protein secretion was inhibited by 26% and protein synthesis by 20% in the presence of 0.1 and 0.75 mM halothane, respectively, whereas morphologic alterations and a 37% lactate dehydrogenase leakage increase were observed with the concentration of 1 mM (P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Successful Management of Intractable Coronary Spasm With a Coronary Stent (2000)

Although the long-term survival of patients suffering from coronary spasm is usually excellent, serious complications can develop, such as disabling pain, myocardial infarction, ventricular tachyarrhythmias, atrioventricular block and sudden cardiac death. A 40-year-old man who had intractable chest pain from coronary artery spasm suffered ventricular fibrillation and an acute anterior myocardial infarction upon first admission. The patient underwent a coronary angiogram, which revealed a spontaneous focal spasm at the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). He was treated by the combination of nitrate and calcium channel blocker, but continued to complain of severe chest pain despite intensive medical therapy and he had to be treated in the emergency room 5 times during an 8-month follow-up period. An ergonovine coronary angiogram was performed and an intracoronary ultrasound examination, which revealed a focal spasm at the same site of the proximal LAD with a small amount of localized eccentric atheromatous plaque. A coronary artery stent was placed in the proximal LAD and his symptoms resolved. A follow-up coronary angiogram was performed 3 years after stenting and the stent remained patent without any in-stent restenosis or spasm.
Truncated Online Arithmetic with Applications to Communication Systems (2006)

Truncation in digit-precision is a very important and common operation in embedded system design for bounding the required finite precision and for area-time-power savings. In this paper, we present the use of online arithmetic to provide truncated computations with communication systems as one of the applications. In contrast to truncation in conventional arithmetic, online arithmetic can truncate dynamically and produce both area and time benefits due to the digit-serial nature of computations. This is of great advantage in communication systems where the precision requirements can change dynamically with the environment. While truncation in conventional arithmetic can have significant truncation errors, especially when the output precision is less than the input precision, the redundancy and most significant digit first nature of online arithmetic restricts the truncation error to only the least significant digit of the truncated result. As an application that uses significant truncation in precision, a code matched filter detector for wireless systems is designed using truncated online arithmetic. The detector can provide both hard decisions and soft(er) decisions dynamically as well as interface with other conventional arithmetic circuits or act as a DSP coprocessor. Thus, optimized communication receivers with coexisting conventional arithmetic for saturation and online arithmetic for truncation can now be built. The truncated online arithmetic detector was also verified with a VLSI implementation in an AMI 0.5 mu MOSIS tiny chip process
Cereulide synthetase gene cluster from emetic : Structure and location on a mega virulence plasmid related to toxin plasmid pXO1-3 (2011)

<b>Copyright information:</b>Taken from "Cereulide synthetase gene cluster from emetic : Structure and location on a mega virulence plasmid related to toxin plasmid pXO1"BMC Microbiology 2006;6():20-20.Published online 2 Mar 2006PMCID:PMC1459170.Copyright © 2006 Ehling-Schulz et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.(for details on probes see Supplemental Materials Table S1). Hybridization with both probes revealed a single band for emetic strains which has the same size as the pBc10987 plasmid from ATCC 10987 (lane 2).
Bloch Surface Wave Photonic Device Fabricated by Femtosecond Laser Polymerisation Technique (2018)

We applied femtosecond laser polymerisation technique to fabricate a novel Bloch surface wave integrated photonic device with a compact coupling scheme. The device consisted of a waveguide, coupling and decoupling gratings and focusing and defocusing triangles. We manufactured an array of devices with varying geometrical parameters of waveguide. Excitation and propagation of Bloch surface wave waveguide modes were studied by direct and back focal plane imaging. The obtained results prove that the maskless and flexible femtosecond laser polymerisation technique may be applied for fabrication of Bloch-surface-wave based integrated photonics.
Boosting local binary pattern with bag-of-filters for content based image retrieval (2015)

Local descriptors are mostly extracted over the raw intensity values of the image and requires the analysis of patterns in local pixel neighborhoods. The raw images don't provide much local relationship information required for the local descriptors. To resolve this problem, a new method of local image feature description is proposed in this paper based on the patterns extracted from the multiple filtered images. The whole process is structured as follows: First, the images are filtered with the bag of filters (BoF) and then local binary pattern (LBP) is computed over each filtered image and finally concatenated to find out the single BoF-LBP descriptor. The local information enriches in the filtered images improves the discriminative ability of the final descriptor. Content based image retrieval (CBIR) experiments are performed to observe the effectiveness of the proposed approach and compared with the recent state-of-the-art methods. The experiments are conducted over four benchmark databases having natural and texture images such as Corel-1k, Corel-10k, MIT-VisTex and STex-512S. The experimental results confirm that the introduced approach is able to improve the retrieval performance of the CBIR system.
Soluble matrix protein is a potent modulator of mesenchymal stem cell performance (2019)

We challenge the conventional designation of structural matrix proteins primarily as supporting scaffolds for resident cells. The extracellular matrix protein tropoelastin is classically regarded as a structural component that confers mechanical strength and resilience to tissues subject to repetitive elastic deformation. Here we describe how tropoelastin inherently induces a range of biological responses, even in cells not typically associated with elastic tissues and in a manner unexpected of typical substrate-dependent matrix proteins. We show that tropoelastin alone drives mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation and phenotypic maintenance, akin to the synergistic effects of potent growth factors such as insulin-like growth factor 1 and basic fibroblast growth factor. In addition, tropoelastin functionally surpasses these growth factors, as well as fibronectin, in allowing substantial media serum reduction without loss of proliferative potential. We further demonstrate that tropoelastin elicits strong mitogenic and cell-attractive responses, both as an immobilized substrate and as a soluble additive, via direct interactions with cell surface integrins αvβ3 and αvβ5. This duality of action converges the long-held mechanistic dichotomy between adhesive matrix proteins and soluble growth factors and uncovers the powerful, untapped potential of tropoelastin for clinical MSC expansion and therapeutic MSC recruitment. We propose that the potent, growth factor-like mitogenic and motogenic abilities of tropoelastin are biologically rooted in the need for rapid stem cell homing and proliferation during early development and/or wound repair.
Treatment of the hospitalized cystic fibrosis patient (1998)

Making and Confirming the Diagnosis, Beryl J. Rosenstein The Newly Diagnosed Patient, David M. Orenstein General Care of the Hospitalized Cystic Fibrosis Patient, Robert C. Stern Inpatient Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Disease, Robert C. Stern Gastrointestinal Complications, Robert J. Rothbaum Nutrition and Electrolytes, Drucy Borowitz and Christine Coburn-Miller Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes Mellitus, William B. Zipf Thoracic Surgery for Patients with Cystic Fibrosis, Thomas M. Egan Abdominal and General Surgery, Frederick J. Rescorla Intensive Care, John C. Stevens and Howard Eigen Clinical Pharmacokinetics: Concepts to Practice, Michael D. Reed and Michael Spino Special Considerations for the Hospitalized Adult, Pamela B. Davis Lung Transplantation, Blakeslee E. Noyes, Bartley P. Griffith, and Geoffrey Kurland Terminal Care, David M. Orenstein New Therapies for Cystic Fibrosis, Thomas F. Boat
Modelling size effects in micro/nano-systems by including interfacial effects in a gradient plasticity framework (2010)

The effect of the material microstructural interfaces increases as the surface-to-volume ratio increases. It is shown in this work that interfacial effects have a profound impact on the scale-dependent plasticity encountered in micro/nano-systems. This is achieved by developing a physically-based higher-order gradient-dependent plasticity theory that enforces microscopic boundary conditions at interfaces and free surfaces. These non-standard boundary conditions relate the micro traction stress at the interface to the interfacial energy. Application of the proposed framework to size effects in biaxial tension of a thin-film on an elastic substrate is presented. Three film-interface conditions are modelled: soft, intermediate, and hard interfaces.
Re-visit local coupling correction in the interaction regions of RHIC (2011)

In this article we will re-visit the local coupling correction in the interaction regions (IRs) of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). We will review the measurement data of triplet quadrupole rolls, the local coupling correction strengths in the RHIC control system, and the methods for the local coupling correction with local skew quadrupole correctors. Based on the in-turnnel measurement data of triplet roll errors in 2011, we will analytically calculate and simulate IR-bump method to find out the local skew correction strengths and compare them at store and at injection with the Blue and Yellow ring lattices in the 2011 polarized proton (p-p) and Au-Au runs. The vertical dispersion from the triplet roll errors, local and global coupling correction skew quadrupoles, and the vertical dipole correctors are calculated and discussed.
Virtual Screening and Synthesis of New Chemical Scaffolds as VEGFR-2 Kinase Inhibitors (2012)

VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors are currently receiving high interest in drug discovery process as anticancer agents. We have used virtual screening techniques in order to discover new scaffolds that can be used for developing new VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors.Similarity ensemble approach was used to reduce the chemical space of ZINC database to select a subset of compounds. A validated structure-based pharmacophore was developed and adopted to screen the selected subset. Initial hits mapped to the pharmacophore were filtered using docking and scoring. Selected compounds were synthesized and biologically tested. Compound 9 showed very good cytotoxicity profile against the NCI 60 cancer cell lines, while compound 8 showed reasonable inhibition of VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase.Stepwise virtual screening of databases such as ZINC may result in new scaffolds for developing VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors.
DEVELOPMENT OF PRE-COOLING SYSTEM USING FROZEN SAND WITH LIQUID NITROGEN (1989)

The outline of pre-cooling system using frozen sand with liquid nitrogen (LN2) and the results of the tests adopted in the development of the system are described first in this paper. As a result of tests, the following items are confirmed; (1) There were no changes in the physical properties of frozen sand. (2) The properties of the pre-cooled concrete using frozen sand were rather improved. (3) Higher cooling efficiency was attained compared to other pre-cooling methods using LN2. And next the study on thermal crack control measures utilizing this system and the results obtained from the actural construction of the bottom slab of an LPG in-ground storage tank are mentioned. Consequently, thermal crack in the slab was well controlled and this system was confirmed to be practical.
Hierarchical clustering approach for unsupervised image classification of hyperspectral data (2004)

A multistage hierarchical clustering technique, which is an unsupervised technique, has been proposed in this paper for classifying the hyperspectral data. The multistage algorithm consists of two stages. The "local" segmentor of the first stage performs region-growing segmentation by employing the hierarchical clustering procedure of CN-chain with the restriction that pixels in a cluster must be spatially contiguous. The "global" segmentor of the second stage, which has not spatial constraints for merging, clusters the segments resulting from the previous stage, using a context-free similarity measure. This study applied the multistage hierarchical clustering method to the data generated by band reduction, band selection and data compression. The classification results were compared with them using full bands.
Cranes (2002)

The northern village lay snug beneath the high, bright autumn sky, near the border at the thirty-eighth parallel. White gourds lay one against the other on the dirt floor of an empty farmhouse. Any village elders who passed by extiguished their bamboo pipes first, and the children, too, turned back some distance off. Their faces were marked with fear.
Measuring laser flow fields with a 64-channel heterodyne interferometer (1983)

The digital heterodyne interferometer has been equipped to simultaneously measure and record phase at 64 discrete locations on a single beam. The measurements are obtained at 10-μsec time intervals and have a resolution in phase of 1/500 of a wave rms and a full scale accuracy of 1/100 of a wave rms. Associated with each phase detector is a dedicated data recording system 16 bits wide and 4096 words deep. Additionally, the system records simultaneously the rigid body motions of the interferometer optics, allowing the post priori removal of the corrupting motions of the interferometer optics. This instrument was used to obtain measurements of the optical quality of the media of a transverse-flow electron beam-pumped laser simulator.
Atomic processes of NO oxynitridation on Si(100) surfaces (2002)

Atomic processes of NO oxynitridation on Si(100) surfaces were studied by the first-principles calculation technique. NO is molecularly chemisorbed at very low temperatures. A channel toward dissociative chemisorption opens at slightly elevated temperatures. The N atom is chemisorbed mostly in between dimer atoms and the O atom in a backbond. The energy barrier for the secondary NO chemisorption increases and further dissociative chemisorption is suppressed in accordance with the observed self-limiting process below room temperature. At high temperatures the N atom substitutes for an adjacent Si atom, forming threefold coordination. The ejected Si atoms may occupy interstitial sites. The calculated N $1s$ core level shifts at each stage of chemisorption correspond well with the observed variation of core-level shifts upon temperature.
How Bad Do You Spell?: The Lexical Quality of Social Media (2021)

In this study we present an analysis of the lexical quality of social media in the Web, focusing on the Web 2.0, social networks, blogs and micro-blogs, multimedia and opinions. We find that blogs and social networks are the main players and also the main contributors to the bad lexical quality of the Web. We also compare our results with the rest of the Web finding that in general social media has worse lexical quality than the average Web and that their quality is one order of magnitude worse than high quality sites.