gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of the Shutdown of a Coal-Fired Power Plant on Urban Ultrafine Particles and Other Pollutants (2011)

Ultrafine particle (UFP) monitoring over the size range of 10–500 nm has been ongoing in Rochester, New York, since November 2001. A nearby large coal-fired power plant (CFPP) was shut down in the spring of 2008 for conversion to natural gas combustion. This shutdown resulted in a reduction in observed concentrations of UFP number and other pollutants. In this study, positive matrix factorization (PMF) model and conditional probability function (CPF) were used to elicit the CFPP source information based on 2005–2010 hourly concentration data of particles and gaseous species and meteorological variables. Five factors were identified, i.e., nucleation, regional transport, traffic, CFPP, and O3-rich secondary aerosol that influenced the measured pollution levels. The average 10–50 nm, 50–100 nm, and 100–500 nm particle number concentrations decreased 49.8%, 51.9%, and 52.9% from 2007 to 2008, respectively. The annual average SO2, CO, and PM2.5 concentrations also decreased by 64.1%, 39.6%, and 45.6% from 2007 to 2008, respectively. The largest reductions of 10–50 nm particles, CO, and SO2 concentrations between 2007 and 2009 were observed with northerly winds. These changes were clearly attributed to the shutdown of the large CFPP in the study area.
A Fully Coupled Multiphysics Model for a H[sub 2]S SOFC (2010)

Experimental results from solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) exhibit characteristics, e.g., an unusual dependence of cell performance on fuel composition and flow rate, which are poorly explained in current literature. In this paper, we demonstrate the importance of multiphysics modeling in understanding these results. We present a fully coupled two-dimensional multiphysics model that accounts for all transport processes and the chemical/electrochemical reactions in a working SOFC including dissociation kinetics in the fuel channels and heat transfer in the entire fuel cell assembly. A key aspect of the model developed in this work is the ability to model the coupled transport and reaction processes with thermodynamically consistent rate equations for the chemistry and electrochemistry. Simulation results from this comprehensive multiphysics model suggest that for the anode material used in our experiments, the electrochemically active species is and not . The model developed here allows the simulation of an SOFC with an anode that can electro-oxidize more than one fuel species, and we present results for the mixed open-circuit voltage from such a simulation.
Preliminary Design of a Double Sided Linear Induction Motor as a Catapult for Light Weight Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (2022)

In the last years, the technology of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has reached a maturity which allows their use in a number of relevant missions. The reduction of the take-off requirements is essential to extend the operating scenario of UAVs. In this paper the authors describe the design of an electromagnetic launch system for a light weigh UAV based on a Double Sided Linear Induction Motor. The length of the launcher and the average thrust force are assigned. The design, based on a multistage configuration, is performed in two steps. In the former, a semi-analytical model of the linear motor is established and the most relevant parameters are chosen. In the latter, the design is iteratively refined by the use of more accurate models based on the Finite Element Method (FEM).
Rotigotine Schwarz Pharma. (2003)

Schwarz Pharma AG, under license from Aderis Pharmaceuticals Inc, is developing rotigotine CDS, a once-daily transdermal patch formulation of rotigotine, which is a naphthol-derived selective D(2) dopamine agonist, for the potential treatment of Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome.
ChemInform Abstract: DIRECT FLUORINATION OF TETRAMETHYLTIN. SYNTHESIS OF TRIFLUOROMETHYLTIN COMPOUNDS (1978)

Abstract Die Reaktion von SnMe4 mit Fluor bei niedriger Temp. unter kontrollierten Reak‐ tionsbedingungen lieferte die teilweise fluorierten Verbindungen (I), die durch Methyl‐ Austausch zwischen Dimethylcadmium und den fluorhaltigen Methylzinnfluoriden, die in der Reaktion entstehen, identifiziert werden.
Human motion database with a binary tree and node transition graphs (2009)

Database of human motion has been widely used for recognizing human motion and synthesizing humanoid motions. In this paper, we propose a data structure for storing and extracting human motion data and demonstrate that the database can be applied to the recognition and motion synthesis problems in robotics. We develop an efficient method for building a binary tree data structure from a set of continuous, multi-dimensional motion clips. Each node of the tree represents a statistical distribution of a set of human figure states extracted from the motion clips. We also identify the valid transitions among the nodes and construct node transition graphs. Similar states in different clips may be grouped into a single node, thereby allowing transitions between different behaviors. Using databases constructed from real human motion data, we demonstrate that the proposed data structure can be used for human motion recognition, state estimation and prediction, and robot motion planning.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured Blends of Epoxy Resin and Block Copolymers (2013)

Polystyrene–polybutadiene block copolymers having different molecular architectures were epoxidized by using meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (MCPBA). Then, the blends with epoxy resin (diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A; DGEBA) and their nanocomposites with boehmite and layered silicate nanofiller in presence of methylene dianiline (MDA) as a hardener were prepared. The epoxidized copolymers and the composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and microindentation technique. In this way, it was possible to tune the morphology of the nanostructured blends of the epoxy resin using the functionalized block copolymer as the template. The presence of nanostructured morphology was attested by the optical transparency of the blends as well as of the composites with nanofiller. The microhardness properties were improved by the incorporation of the nanoparticles, viz. boehmite and layered silicate. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 13, No. 1 (2012) 81-88 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v13i1.7445
Design and Construction of a One Meter Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectrometer (1973)

An off-plane Eagle mounting has been employed in the design and construction of a one meter vacuum ultraviolet spectrometer. Either film or photoelectric detection can be used from below 120 nm in the vacuum ultraviolet to 650 nm in the visible. Resolution of 0.016 nm (measured as full width at half height) has been attained in the second order. The combination of spectral range, resolution and choice of detection make the instrument applicable to many areas of research at a reasonable price. The mechanical design is simplified for ease of construction in small machine shops. Complete mechanical drawings and parts list are included. (Author)
Excretion pattern of dietary catechin in gnotobiotic rats associated with a human intestinal microflora (1998)

*INRA Laboratoire d'Ecologie et Physiologie du Système digestif Jouy-en-Josas (FRA) Diffusion du document : INRA Laboratoire d'Ecologie et Physiologie du Système digestif Jouy-en-Josas (FRA)
Proceedings of the 2011 ACM SIGPLAN X10 Workshop (2011)

We are delighted to welcome you to the 2012 ACM SIGPLAN X10 Workshop | X10'12. This second edition of the workshop provided a forum for X10 developers, researchers, and educators to interact with the larger X10 community by sharing their insights, experiences, and plans.

The call for papers attracted eight submission. The program committee accepted six papers that cover a variety of topics, including applications written in X10, compilers for X10, garbage collection for X10, libraries for X10, and compilers that use X10 as a target language. Slides for all presentations are available at the workshop website (x10-lang.org). We hope that these proceedings will serve as a valuable reference for programming language researchers, educators, and developers.

In addition to the six presentations, the program also included an introduction to the language, a discussion of future language directions and community feedback, as well as several invited talks.
Transcriptome Changes for Arabidopsis in Response to Salt, Osmotic, and Cold Stress, (2002)

To identify genes of potential importance to cold, salt, and drought tolerance, global expression profiling was performed on Arabidopsis plants subjected to stress treatments of 4 degrees C, 100 mM NaCl, or 200 mM mannitol, respectively. RNA samples were collected separately from leaves and roots after 3- and 27-h stress treatments. Profiling was conducted with a GeneChip microarray with probe sets for approximately 8,100 genes. Combined results from all three stresses identified 2,409 genes with a greater than 2-fold change over control. This suggests that about 30% of the transcriptome is sensitive to regulation by common stress conditions. The majority of changes were stimulus specific. At the 3-h time point, less than 5% (118 genes) of the changes were observed as shared by all three stress responses. By 27 h, the number of shared responses was reduced more than 10-fold (< 0.5%), consistent with a progression toward more stimulus-specific responses. Roots and leaves displayed very different changes. For example, less than 14% of the cold-specific changes were shared between root and leaves at both 3 and 27 h. The gene with the largest induction under all three stress treatments was At5g52310 (LTI/COR78), with induction levels in roots greater than 250-fold for cold, 40-fold for mannitol, and 57-fold for NaCl. A stress response was observed for 306 (68%) of the known circadian controlled genes, supporting the hypothesis that an important function of the circadian clock is to "anticipate" predictable stresses such as cold nights. Although these results identify hundreds of potentially important transcriptome changes, the biochemical functions of many stress-regulated genes remain unknown.
Boosting the Area under the ROC Curve (2007)

We show that any weak ranker that can achieve an area under the ROC curve slightly better than 1/2 (which can be achieved by random guessing) can be efficiently boosted to achieve an area under the ROC curve arbitrarily close to 1. We further show that this boosting can be performed even in the presence of independent misclassification noise, given access to a noise-tolerant weak ranker. 1
Experimental models of reflex contractile activity in the rabbit bladder (1989)

Abstract We were able to produce two highly reproducible experimental models (in the rabbit) that demonstrated a high degree of reflex bladder contractile activity. In one model, a somatovesical reflex was induced by touching or pinching the perineal area. This reflex may be organized through a neurogenic reflex at the spinal level. In another model, rhythmic bladder contractions were produced by distal urethral constriction in the absence of bladder distension. These rhythmic contractions were thought to be due to a supraspinal reflex. In both types of contractile reflexes, intravenous administration of hexamethonium inhibited the reflex contractile activity virtually completely, intravenous atropine inhibited over 90% of the induced contractile activity, thus suggesting that these contractions were mediated reflexly through cholinergic stimulation. These two models of reflex bladder contractions should be useful for the study of hyperreflexic bladders.
Advanced CMOS gate array architecture combining `gate isolation' and programmable routing channels (1985)

A description is given of a novel CMOS gate array architecture for LSI/VLSI complexity. The new structure is based on the `gate isolation' technique for logic implementation, in addition to the programmability of the amount of routing channels. This concept uses double-level metal with the first contact level programmable for the circuit customization. The gate array has been designed in a 3-/spl mu/m Si-gate CMOS process. A maximum 2-input gate density of 290 gates/mm/SUP 2/ can be achieved. As a test vehicle for this novel gate array structure, a ninth-order LDI digital filter (4652 transistors) has been designed automatically with the aid of the gate array design system (GARDS) layout tool, on a 3/spl times/3 mm/SUP 2/ gate array size. In a first approach, the filter has been realized with the internal gate structure as used in classical gate arrays, and in a second approach the same filter has been laid out on 60% of the array size using the new concept. In this last version as much as 40% reduction of silicon area has been achieved.
A fast sequential learning technique for real circuits with application to enhancing ATPG performance (1998)

This paper presents an efficient and novel method for sequential learning of implications, invalid states, and tied gates. It can handle real industrial circuits, with multiple clock domains and partial set/reset. The application of this method to improve the efficiency of sequential ATPG is also demonstrated by achieving higher fault coverages and lower test generation times.
Touch and trace on the free-form surface of virtual object (2002)

The Space Perception System with a 3D man-computer interface device, has been built for human factors experiments. An algorithm using a distribution function is utilized to define model shapes in a virtual environment. In this algorithm, the system is able to recognize the interference between the 3D cursor following an operator's hand and virtual objects in real time. Impedance control of robotics is utilized to calculate the reaction force which is transmitted in real time from the virtual object to the operator's hand through the 3D man-computer interface device. With the combination of the algorithm using the distribution function and the impedance control, the operator can touch and trace the surface of the virtual model which is composed of free-form surfaces in a virtual environment, and can recognize its hardness.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Effects of Stimulant Medication on Learning in Children with ADHD (1991)

It is well established that stimulant medication improves classroom manageability and attention in terms of time on task, but does stimulant medication improve learning or long-term academic achievement in children with ADHD? There is no clear evidence that it does, but there are at least two reasons why beneficial effects may be obscured in research studies and clinical practice: (1) Higher-than-optimal doses may be prescribed if behavioral response (rather than cognitive response) is used to titrate the dose, and (2) treatment may be overinclusive if diagnostic groups are targeted in which a significant proportion of cases do not have favorable cognitive responses to medication. This article addresses these two issues and describes a large clinical series of patients who were evaluated using a double-blind medication assessment protocol designed to overcome some of the theoretical deficiencies suggested by these issues.
The role of three distinct Ia-like antigen molecules in human T cell proliferative responses: effect of monoclonal anti-Ia-like antibodies. (1982)

Murine monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) to three distinct Ia-like molecules were studied for their inhibitory effects on antigen- and alloantigen-induced T cell proliferations. The MoAb were classified into three groups according to the molecules they recognized. Both the group I MoAb reacting with DR molecules and the group III MoAb were capable of inhibiting T cell proliferative responses to PPD- and HSV-Ag-pulsed APC, autologous B-LCL, and alloantigens. On th other hand, the group II MoAb, which reacted with a determinant on the molecule carrying MB1 determinants, was only capable of inhibiting T cell responses to alloantigens. These results suggest that the structure of the molecules correlates with the functional repertoire of the human Ia-like antigens.
Oxidation inhibition in organic materials (1990)

This two volume publication provides an overview of processes developed to inhibit oxidative deterioration of organic materials. It discusses aspects of auto-oxidation, photo-oxidation and combustion, the major mechanisms involved, oxidation inhibitors classes, and practices in oxidation inhibition. The books include physical phenomena in polymer oxidation, and thermoanalytical methods for studying oxidation inhibition. Covered are analytical methods for inhibitors in organic materials, and scientific and technical prospects in the stabilization of organic materials. This comprehensive title is useful for investigators and students at all levels who have interest in polymer sciences.
Substrate effects on the properties of Y-Ba-Cu-O superconducting films prepared by laser deposition (1988)

Superconducting thin films of Y1Ba2Cu3Ox with superconducting transition temperature (Tc) near 90 K have been prepared by a laser deposition technique. We show that films prepared on sapphire, lithium niobate, and strontium titanate under identical processing conditions exhibit different electrical characteristics. The film surfaces, interfaces, and crystallinity have been studied by a number of analytical techniques. We conclude that the substrate influences the film properties primarily in three ways: the thermal expansion mismatch introduces cracks in the film, the interface reaction changes the film composition, and the substrate lattice influences the crystallographic orientation of the film.
Auricular neural stimulation as a new non-invasive treatment for opioid detoxification (2020)

The recent opioid crisis is one of the rising challenges in the history of modern health care. New and effective treatment modalities with less adverse effects to alleviate and manage this modern epidemic are critically needed. The FDA has recently approved two non-invasive electrical nerve stimulators for the adjunct treatment of symptoms of acute opioid withdrawal. These devices, placed behind the ear, stimulate certain cranial nerves with auricular projections. This neural stimulation reportedly generates a prompt effect in terms of alleviation of withdrawal symptoms resulting from acute discontinuation of opioid use. Current experimental evidence indicates that this type of non-invasive neural stimulation has excellent potential to supplement medication assisted treatment in opioid detoxification with lower side effects and increased adherence to treatment. Here, we review current findings supporting the use of non-invasive neural stimulation in detoxification from opioid use. We briefly outline the neurophysiology underlying this approach of auricular electrical neural stimulation and its role in enhancing medication assisted treatment in treating symptoms of opioid withdrawal. Considering the growing deleterious impact of addictive disorders on our society, further studies on this emerging treatment modality are warranted.
Quantifying Vessel Material Properties Using MRI Under Pressure Condition and MRI-Based FSI Mechanical Analysis for Human Atherosclerotic Plaques (2006)

Atherosclerotic plaques may rupture without warning and cause acute cardiovascular syndromes such as heart attack and stroke. Mechanical image analysis using MRI-based models with fluid-structure interactions (FSI) and MRI-determined material properties may improve the accuracy of plaque vulnerability assessment and rupture predictions. A plaque-phantom was set up to acquire plaque MR images under pressurized conditions. The 3D nonlinear modified Mooney-Rivlin (M-R) model was used to describe the material properties with parameters selected to fit the MRI data. The Navier-Stokes equations were used as the governing equations for the flow model. The fully-coupled FSI models were solved by ADINA. Our results indicate that doubling parameter values in the M-R model led to 12.5% decrease in structure maximum principal stress (Stress-P1) and 48% decrease in maximum principal strain (Strain-P1). Flow maximum shear stress (MSS) was almost unchanged. Results from a modified carotid plaque with 70% stenosis severity (by diameter) showed that Stress-P1 at the plaque throat from the wall-only model is 145% higher than that from the FSI model. MSS from a flow-only model is about 40% higher than that from the FSI model. This approach has the potential to develop non-invasive patient screening and diagnosis methods in clinical applications.
Extending the Scope of Site-Specific Cysteine Bioconjugation by Appending a Prelabeled Cysteine Tag to Proteins Using Protein Trans-Splicing (2011)

Incorporating synthetic probes site-specifically into proteins is of central interest in several areas of biotechnology and protein chemistry. Bioconjugation techniques provide a simple and effective means of chemically modifying a protein. In particular, covalent chemical modifications of cysteine residues belong to one of the most important reactions due to the unique reactivity of its thiol moiety and the relatively low abundance of this amino acid in proteins. However, such types of modifications cannot be performed in a regioselective fashion when one or more additional cysteines are present. To address this limitation, we have developed an approach where a short cysteine-containing tag (Cys-Tag) fused to one part of a split intein and modified at its sulfhydryl group can be used to label proteins by trans-splicing with a protein of interest (POI) fused to the other half of the split intein. In this way, it is possible to selectively label a protein containing multiple cysteines. The artificially split Mycobacterium xenopi GyrA intein and the Synechocystis sp. DnaB intein were highly suitable for this purpose and were successfully used for the labeling of several proteins. This approach enables a simple route for labeling proteins by site-specific cysteine bioconjugation with any one of several commercially available cysteine-modifying probes.
Diagnosing otitis media using terahertz otoscope (2016)

We designed and fabricated a primary terahertz (THz) otoscope to help physicians to diagnose otitis media (OM) with both THz diagnostics and conventional optical diagnostics. We evaluated the potential of this equipment for diagnosing OM using mouse skin tissues and a human tympanic membrane samples prior to clinical application.
Correction for Koel et al., Antigenic Variation of Clade 2.1 H5N1 Virus Is Determined by a Few Amino Acid Substitutions Immediately Adjacent to the Receptor Binding Site (2014)

Volume 5, no. 3, doi:10.1128/mBio.01070-14, 2014. Table S1 is being replaced with a revised version that contains GISAID accession numbers. The new Table S1 can be found at http://mbio.asm.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1128/mBio.01070-14/-/DCSupplemental. The caption for Table S1 should appear as shown below: …
Detection of Right‐to‐Left Shunts: Comparison between the International Consensus and Spencer Logarithmic Scale Criteria (2008)

Although both grading scales provide agreement as to any shunt presence, using the Spencer Scale grade III or higher can decrease by one-half the number of false positive TCD diagnoses to predict large RLS on TEE.