gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reactions of Cyclohexylisonitrile and Isobutyraldehyde with Various Nucleophiles and Catalysts (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Cyclohexylisonitrile and Isobutyraldehyde with Various Nucleophiles and CatalystsJames W. McFarlandCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 9, 2179–2181Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1963https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01044a006RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views767Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (371 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Nonpharmacologic Treatment of Supraventricular and Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias: A Review of 249 Consecutive Patients (1992)

Incapacitating or life-threatening tachyarrhythmias were treated nonpharmacologically in 249 patients from 1982 to 1991. Among 92 patients surgically treated for supraventricular tachycardia the cure rate was 93% and the complication rate 12%. Radiofrequency catheter ablation gave an equal cure rate in 51 patients, but with no major complications or mortality. Direct-current catheter ablation of the His bundle was successful in 96% of 27 patients with drug-refractory atrial fibrillation or other supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. Among 64 patients undergoing surgery for ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation, the perioperative mortality was 9%, estimated 5-year survival 69% and estimated 5-year freedom from the preoperative arrhythmias 72%. Of 18 patients treated with implantable cardioverter defibrillator, three (18%) died of heart failure during follow-up. Nonpharmacologic treatment of tachyarrhythmias is concluded to be effective and often definitively curative. The safety-risk ratio is improving as new treatment modalities are developed.
Zur Entwicklung des Finanzbinnenmarktes in Phase 3 der Europäischen Währungsunion (1999)

Abstract Die Einführung des Euro kann die Integration der nationalen Märkte für Finanzdienstleistungen fördern, aber nicht allein hervorbringen. Erforderlich ist vielmehr die Schaffung entsprechender rechtlicher Rahmenbedingungen auf mindestens drei Ebenen: hinsichtlich der Freiheit des Zahlungs- und Kapitalverkehrs, hinsichtlich der Vereinfachung und Harmonisierung der Aufsichtsrechte für Banken und sonstige Finanzdienstleistungen und hinsichtlich der Entwicklung einheitlicher oder harmonisierter rechtlicher Spielregeln für Marktoperationen, vor allem für Wertpapierdienstleistungen. Es verbleiben Unterschiede der nationalen Rechte. Insgesamt darf mit verstärkten Integrationsprozessen gerechnet werden, ohne daß die nationalen Märkte gänzlich verschwinden
Figure S1 from Talazoparib Is a Potent Radiosensitizer in Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines and Xenografts (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Mouse Weights after treatment with talazoparib + IR&lt;/p&gt;
Effect of glass fibres and fire retardant on the combustion behaviour of composites, glass fibres-poly(butylene terephthalate) (1998)

The oxygen index (OI) of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) tends to decrease when it is combined with milled-glass fibres either with or without the sizing treatment. This shows that the previously found apparent increase of flammability of PBT glass fibre composites (GFPBT) as compared to PBT is not due to the introduction of the flammable sizing together with the glass fibres in the polymer which was one suggested explanation in the literature, but rather to the wick and anti-dripping effects of glass fibres. The effectiveness of a typical brominated organic compound-antimony trioxide fire retardant system (FR), as measured by OI, is found to be larger in GFPBT as compared to PBT. A linear increase of the temperature index (TI) of PBT and of GFPBT is observed with increasing concentration of the FR. The fire retardant increases the time to ignite while it decreases the maximum rate of heat release and increases the smoke optical density and CO evolution on burning in the cone calorimeter. The dependence of fire risk and hazard assessement on the combustion model of the combustion test method is discussed for OI and cone calorimeter in the case of PBT, GFPBT and FR corresponding materials. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nitroprusside and methylene blue methods for silicone membrane differentiated flow injection determination of sulfide in water and wastewater (1992)

Hydrogen sulfide evolved from an acidified sample is pre-concentrated by permeation in a stationary alkaline acceptor solution enclosed in a silicone rubber sample loop. Depending on the sample volume pre-concentrated, the applicable analytical range spans low micrograms/L to tens of mg/L for both methods. The methylene blue method is more sensitive by a factor of approximately 30 and actually permits practical determinations in the sub-micrograms/L levels. The limit of detection (LOD) for the nitroprusside method ranges from 20 micrograms/L for a 20 microL sample by conventional flow-injection determination (no membrane, throughput 30 samples/h) to less than 2 micrograms/L for 12 mL sample pre-concentrated in the membrane system (throughput 5 samples/h). The membrane is highly resistant to fouling and permits analysis of untreated wastewater samples bearing suspended solids, oil, grease, etc. without any pretreatment. No significant interference is observed with either chemistry. Although the nitroprusside chemistry is less sensitive, it does not involve the use of concentrated aggressive reagents and is recommended unless ultratrace determinations are essential. Viable reaction mechanisms are proposed for both of these chemistries.
Potency of bactericidal proteins purified from the large granules of bovine neutrophils (1983)

The novel population of large granules of bovine neutrophils, which is the cell store of bactericidal activity independent of O2 derivatives, was extracted with an acid medium. Several fractions were resolved from the extract by ion-exchange chromatography (with carboxymethyl-cellulose) and gel filtration (with Sephadex G-50). Some of these fractions contained only a very limited number of major components, as detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purified bactericidal proteins exhibited their activity at 0.1 to 10 micrograms/0.3 ml of assay mixture containing 1 X 10(6) to 2 X 10(6) CFU of Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli in media with physiological concentrations of Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+. Two fractions, containing polypeptides with apparent molecular weights ranging from 28,000 to less than 12,000, caused rather selective and rapid (5 to 20 min) killing of S. aureus. Their action was accompanied by significant binding to the gram-positive bacteria of some low (less than 12,000)-molecular-weight components. Other Sephadex G-50 fractions, containing the first emerging proteins with relatively high molecular weights, were more active on E. coli than on S. aureus. With the gram-negative bacteria there was a 10-min delay in the onset of bactericidal activity, which thereafter developed very fast. On the basis of the in vitro potency of the large-granule bactericidal proteins, we suggest that even partial discharge of granule content into the phagosomes may supply the phagocytic vacuoles of bovine neutrophils with a very efficient nonoxidative bactericidal system acting on both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.
Do geometric models affect judgments of human motion? (1997)

Human figures have been animated using a wide variety of geometric models including stick figures, polygonal models, and NURBS-based models with muscles, flexible skin, or clothing. This paper reports on experiments designed to ascertain whether a viewer's perception of motion characteristics is affected by the geometric model used for rendering. Subjects were shown a series of paired motion sequences and asked if the two motions in each pair were ''the same'' or ''different.'' The two motion sequences in each pair used the same geometric model. For each trial, the pairs of motion sequences were grouped into two sets where one set was rendered with a stick figure model and the other set was rendered with a polygonal model. Sensitivity measures for each trial indicate that for these sequences subjects were better able to discriminate motion variations with the polygonal model than with the stick figure model.
Characterization of Choline Dehydrogenase fromPseudomonas aeruginosaA-16 (1976)

Journal Article Characterization of Choline Dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa A-16 Get access Toru Nagasawa, Toru Nagasawa Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Nobuhiro Mori, Nobuhiro Mori Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yoshiki Tani, Yoshiki Tani Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Koichi Ogata Koichi Ogata Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 40, Issue 10, 1 October 1976, Pages 2077–2084, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1976.10862351 Published: 01 October 1976 Article history Received: 11 June 1976 Published: 01 October 1976
Photochemistry and Photophysics in Phenyloxazolones (2008)

The semi-empirical calculations carried out according with the theory of the PM3/CI level has shown, that at an irradiating of their solutions by UV-light give no possibilities of the photo-Fries reaction. The calculated values are in a good accordance with the experimental ones.
Proximity of a Tat Peptide to the HIV-1 TAR RNA Loop Region Determined by Site-Specific Photo-Cross-Linking (1999)

Transcriptional regulation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) requires specific interactions of Tat protein with the trans-activation responsive region (TAR) RNA, a 59-base stem-loop structure located at the 5'-ends of all HIV-1 mRNAs. We have used a site-specific cross-linking method based on 4-thio-uracil (4-thioU) photochemistry to determine the interactions of a Tat peptide, Tat(38-72), with the loop region of TAR RNA under physiological conditions. A TAR RNA construct with a single 4-thioU residue at positions U31 in the loop sequence was synthesized by chemical methods. Upon UV irradiation, 4-thioU at U31 formed a covalent cross-link with the Tat peptide. We did not observe any RNA-RNA cross-link formation. Competition experiments revealed that a specific RNA-protein complex formation was necessary for the RNA-protein cross-linking reaction. Our results demonstrate that, during RNA-protein recognition, the Tat peptide is located in close proximity to O4 of U31 in the TAR RNA loop sequence.
Nanometric holograms based on a topological insulator material (2017)

Holography has extremely extensive applications in conventional optical instruments spanning optical microscopy and imaging, three-dimensional displays and metrology. To integrate holography with modern low-dimensional electronic devices, holograms need to be thinned to a nanometric scale. However, to keep a pronounced phase shift modulation, the thickness of holograms has been generally limited to the optical wavelength scale, which hinders their integration with ultrathin electronic devices. Here, we break this limit and achieve 60 nm holograms using a topological insulator material. We discover that nanometric topological insulator thin films act as an intrinsic optical resonant cavity due to the unequal refractive indices in their metallic surfaces and bulk. The resonant cavity leads to enhancement of phase shifts and thus the holographic imaging. Our work paves a way towards integrating holography with flat electronic devices for optical imaging, data storage and information security.
Otoacoustic Emissions: an Objective Measure of Hearing Health (2019)

Despite efforts to integrate hearing conservation programs into the workplace, noise-induced hearing loss remains the number one cause of disability among North American workers. To better assess the risk in the workplace, changes in workers' hearing health can be correlated with the level of ambient noise. The purpose of the study presented below is to develop an approach to improve hearing conservation practises by continuously monitoring otoacoustic emissions.
Direct Measurements of Ionic Transport Behavior of Dual-Layer Porous Electrodes (2023)

To improve power and cycling performance of lithium-ion batteries, dual-layer or porosity-gradient electrodes have been proposed. By engineering a higher porosity close to the separator, the intention is to improve ion transport where it is most impactful. In this research, MacMullin numbers of two dual-layer anode samples are tested using an impedance measurement technique developed previously. To characterize the microstructure of each layer independently, we developed an improved transmission-line model that accounts for each layer’s properties.Virtual experiments using COMSOL Multiphysics to simulate impedance measurements are used to examine and improve the accuracy of the numerical inversion procedure. The results for the two dual-layer anodes studied show that MacMullin numbers follow expected trends, though the anodes are quite different from each other.
The Interrelation and Cooperation between Public Administration Spheres in the Republic of South Africa (2023)

The article deals with certain issues related to the participation of public authorities and local governments in the Republic of South Africa. An analysis is made of the main sensations in the organs, as well as the procedure for delegating certain diseases at the municipal level.
Identifying related cancer types based on their incidence among people with multiple cancers (2006)

Our analysis suggests there are several pairs of primary cancers that might be related by a shared etiological factor. We think that our method is more appropriate than others when multiple diagnoses of primary cancer are unlikely to be the result of therapeutic or diagnostic procedures.
Supplementary Figures from Systematic Analysis of Intronic miRNAs Reveals Cooperativity within the Multicomponent <i>FTX</i> Locus to Promote Colon Cancer Development (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S1 showing FTX-derived miRNAs are upregulated in colon cancer patients. Figure S2 showing FTX possesses oncogenic properties in colon cancer. Figure S3 showing FTX interacts with DHX9 and DICER. Figure S4 showing intronic miR-374b and -545 possess oncogenic properties in colon cancer. Figure S5 showing miR-374b targets PTEN in colon cancer. Figure S6 showing miR-545 targets RIG-I in colon cancer. Figure S7 showing cooperativity between FTX, miR-374b and -545 enhances the growth of colon cancer cells&lt;/p&gt;
A Regularization of the Burgers-Continuity Equations using High Wavenumber Filtering (2010)

ltering techniques are used to remedy the problem of high wavenumber mode generations common to both shock-formation and turbulence. In this manuscript, a spatial averaging technique called the method of observable divergence is utilized for the Burgers-continuity (or transport) equations as an alternative method to vanishing viscosity. The transport equations have the interesting property that its distribution solution to some initial value problems may contain delta-shock waves. In fact, the delta-shock solution to the Burgers-continuity equation with Riemann initial data is known to be the weak- limit of solutions to the viscous perturbed Burgers-continuity equations as viscosity vanishes. In comparison, it is shown that the Riemann problem for the averaged equations will recover the same distribution solution. Furthermore, the existence and uniqueness of classical solutions within the class of smooth initial conditions is provided along with a brief discussion on the mathematical and physical motivation for using spatial averaging.
Immunoglobulin Restores Immune Responses to BTH1677 in Patients With Low Levels of Antibodies to Beta-glucan (2020)

Infusion of immunoglobulin can restore activity of BTH1677 in individuals with low serum ABA level.
Advanced interconnects and contact materials and processes for future integrated circuits : symposium held April 13-16, 1998, San Francisco, California, U.S.A. (1998)

The unprecedented growth of the semiconductor/electronics industry is the result of continued miniaturization of circuit devices, increases in chip functionality, improved performance and decreases in the per-function cost. The increasingly important role of surfaces, interfaces, defects and impurities has raised serious questions about interconnection performance, dimensional control of the functional properties, reliability and performance. New sets of materials are being proposed to replace conventional materials. Limiting electronic materials choices are becoming apparent and new directions are being sought. Processing schemes and physical layouts of circuits are being pursued to minimize the impact of miniaturization. This book focuses on the directions taken by researchers to meet these challenges. It provides an update of state-of-the-art materials, process and technology and also examines newer concepts in these research areas for application in silicon, GaAs, InP and other compound-semiconductor-based electronic, photonic and optoelectronic devices and circuits. Topics include: inter- connection frontiers; aluminum interconnects; cobalt and other silicides; MOSFET; copper interconnects and barriers; contacts to compound semiconductor devices; interconnect materials and schemes and diffusion barriers.
Autoimmune kidney disease and lymphadenopathy in NODlpr mice are not modified by deficiency in tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 or beta2-microglobulin (2003)

Fas and TNFRI, two members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family with an intracellular death domain, each play critical roles in apoptotic death of lymphocytes and certain other cell types. We determined the overlapping functions of Fas and TNFRI by breeding non-obese diabetic (NOD) mutant mice that lacked both receptors. NODlpr mice developed extensive lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, CD4(-)CD8(-) B220(+) alpha beta TCR(+) T cells and autoimmune kidney disease. This pathology was not modified by concomitant deficiency in TNFRI as was reported for lpr mice on a B6 background. NODlpr mice lacking CD8(+) T cells, because of a null mutation in beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)m), also developed a similar disease profile to NODlpr animals, but the CD4(-)CD8(-) B220(+) alpha beta TCR(+) T cells now derived from a CD4(+) T cell lineage. These results demonstrate that, as in the autoimmune-prone MRL stain, the NOD genetic background promotes lupus nephritis-like pathology and extensive lymphadenopathy when lpr is present. Loss of TNFRI does not exacerbate the pathology caused by deficiency in Fas and loss of beta(2)m does not reduce it.
Functional Baseline Specification for ATC Data Link Service Implementation in the Host Computer System. (1991)

Abstract : This specification defines the requirements for implementing the initial ATC Data Link services in the Host Computer system. In addition to describing how each of the initial services will operate in the context of current Host processing, the document defines the new controller data entries and display features associated with each of the initial Data Link services. System supervisory and support functions are also specified.
T cell-independent joint destruction (1998)

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic disorder of unknown etiology. Although, early and late stages of the disease may be driven by different processes, affected joints are characterized by inflammation, synovial hyperplasia, and abnormal immune responses [1]. The abundance of T cells within the rheumatoid synovium as well as the association of certain major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules with RA [2] implied a central role for T cells in the pathophysiology of the disease. However, recent advances in molecular biology have fostered new concepts for the pathogenesis of RA. Specifically, the investigation of early stages of disease, the development of novel animal models, and the application of novel molecular biology techniques such as in-situ hybridization (ISH) and poly-merase chain reaction (PCR) have identified “alternative”, T cell-independent mechanisms involved in the initiation and perpetuation of the destructive synovitis characteristic of RA.
Cooperative Autocrine and Paracrine Functions of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in the Progression of Skin Carcinoma Cells (2004)

Tumor growth and progression are critically controlled by alterations in the microenvironment often caused by an aberrant expression of growth factors and receptors. We demonstrated previously that tumor progression in patients and in the experimental HaCaT tumor model for skin squamous cell carcinomas is associated with a constitutive neoexpression of the hematopoietic growth factors granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), causing an autocrine stimulation of tumor cell proliferation and migration in vitro. To analyze the critical contribution of both factors to tumor progression, G-CSF or GM-CSF was stably transfected in factor-negative benign tumor cells. Forced expression of GM-CSF resulted in invasive growth and enhanced tumor cell proliferation in a three-dimensional culture model in vitro, yet tumor growth in vivo remained only transient. Constitutive expression of G-CSF, however, caused a shift from benign to malignant and strongly angiogenic tumors. Moreover, cells recultured from G-CSF-transfected tumors exhibited enhanced tumor aggressiveness upon reinjection, i.e., earlier onset and faster tumor expansion. Remarkably, this further step in tumor progression was again associated with the constitutive expression of GM-CSF strongly indicating a synergistic action of both factors. Additionally, expression of GM-CSF in the transfected tumors mediated an earlier recruitment of granulocytes and macrophages to the tumor site, and expression of G-CSF induced an enhanced and persistent angiogenesis and increased the number of granulocytes and macrophages in the tumor vicinity. Thus both factors directly stimulate tumor cell growth and, by modulating the tumor stroma, induce a microenvironment that promotes tumor progression.
Variation of Lenticule Thickness for SMILE in Low Myopia (2018)

Increasing minimum lenticule border thickness seems to improve the safety and efficacy of SMILE in low myopia. [J Refract Surg. 2018;34(7):453-459.].