gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors and their clinical potential in the treatment of B-cell malignancies: focus on ibrutinib (2014)

Aberrant signaling of the B-cell receptor pathway has been linked to the development and maintenance of B-cell malignancies. Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), a protein early in this pathway, has emerged as a new therapeutic target in a variety of such malignancies. Ibrutinib, the most clinically advanced small molecule inhibitor of BTK, has demonstrated impressive tolerability and activity in a range of B-cell lymphomas which led to its recent approval for relapsed mantle cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. This review focuses on the preclinical and clinical development of ibrutinib and discusses its therapeutic potential.
Cell Phenotyping: Multiparametric Biomechanical and Biochemical Phenotypic Profiling of Single Cancer Cells Using an Elasticity Microcytometer (Small 17/2016) (2016)

An elasticity microcytometer capable of multiparametric biomechanical and biochemical phenotypic profiling of single cancer cells is developed to interpret cell deformation along antibody-coated confining microchannels as quantitative cell characteristics including cell size, cell deformability/stiffness, and expression levels of surface receptors simultaneously for the same single live cancer cells. This elasticity microcytometer, developed by R. H. W. Lam, J. Fu and co-workers on page 2300, holds a great promise for comprehensive molecular, cellular, and biomechanical phenotypic profiling of live cancer cells at the single cell level.
Ignition of solid propellants by forced convection (1956)

Abstract Experimental data are reported for the ignition of single grains of solid propellant in a stream of gas at high temperature. The investigation encompassed gas temperatures from 578° to 1,070°K., gas velocities corresponding to free‐stream Reynolds numbers from 156 to 624, a complete range of oxygen‐nitrogen mixtures, and a few oxygen‐carbon dioxide mixtures. Pyrocellulose and double‐base propellants were tested. The grains were approximately 1/8 in. in diameter and extended through the gas stream, so that ignition was forced to take place on the cylindrical surface rather than on the end of the grain. The exposure before ignition was measured for a large number of grains. The data can be represented by an equation that is consistent with the known effect of flow rate on convective heat transfer and the known effect of temperature on chemical reaction rates, an indication that both processes are important in ignition.
A stable tracking control method for an autonomous mobile robot (2002)

A stable tracking control rule is proposed for nonholonomic vehicles. The stability of the rule is proved through the use of a Liapunov function. Inputs to the vehicle are a reference posture (x/sub r/, y/sub r/, theta /sub r/)/sup t/ and reference velocities ( nu /sub r/, omega /sub r/)/sup t/. The major objective of this study is to propose a control rule to find reasonable target linear and rotational velocities ( nu , omega )/sup t/. Linearizing the system's differential equation is useful for deciding parameters for critical dumping for a small disturbance. In order to avoid slippage, a velocity/acceleration limitation scheme is introduced. Several simulation results are presented with or without the velocity/acceleration limiter. The control rule and limiting method proposed are robot independent and hence can be applied to various kinds of mobile robots with a dead reckoning ability. This method was implemented on the autonomous mobile robot Yamabico-11. Experimental results obtained are close to the results with the velocity/acceleration limiter.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Dynamic mechanical studies of irradiated polypropylene (1962)

Abstract The internal friction and the dynamic modulus of isotactic polypropylene samples subject to varying degrees of pile irradiation have been studied at low audio frequencies and over the temperature range from 100°K. to over 400°K. The radiation dosages used varied from 5.4 × 10 17 to 14 × 10 18 nvt. For irradiation doses up to about 3 × 10 18 nvt, one observed change is a decrease in the temperature at which the final upswing in damping and drop in modulus occurs, presumably as a result of defects produced in the crystallites by the irradiation. As the irradiation dose increases above 3 × 10 18 nvt, all evidence of crystallinity is lost, and the internal friction peak which occurs in the neighborhood of 300°K. and which is associated with the glass transition of the amorphous regions moves to higher temperatures as a result of the increasing chainstiffening effect due to crosslinking. The secondary loss peak at 250°K. attributed to the motion of a small number of segments in the amorphous regions is found to increase in magnitude with increasing dose. The results of density determinations made before and after irradiation and also after subsequent exposure of the irradiated samples to melting temperatures and of solvent extraction studies of the irradiated samples confirm the simultaneous occurrence of crosslinking and of crystalline degradation upon pile irradiation of polypropylene samples.
White Matter Lesions Are Not Related toβ-Amyloid Deposition in an Autopsy-Based Study (2011)

Population-based studies have investigated the relation between β-amyloid levels in cerebrospinal fluid or plasma and white matter lesions (WMLs). However, these circulating levels of β-amyloid in cerebrospinal fluid or plasma may not reliably reflect the actual degree of amyloid present in the brain. Therefore, we investigated the relation between WMLs and β-amyloid plaques and amyloid angiopathy in brain tissue. WML on MRI or CT were rated in 28 nondemented patients whose neuroimaging was available prior to death. β-amyloid in plaques and arterioles were immunohistochemically stained and quantified in postmortem brain necropsies. WMLs were present in 43% of the total population. Both cortex and periventricular region showed no differences for β-amyloid deposition in either plaques or blood vessel walls in patients with WMLs compared to those without WMLs. Thus, our results indicate that there is no relation between the degree of WMLs and β-amyloid deposition in the brain.
Chondrogenic Potential of Human Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells Is Independent of Age or Osteoarthritis Etiology (2007)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disease strongly correlated with history of joint trauma, joint dysplasia, and advanced age. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising cells for biological cartilage regeneration. Conflicting data have been published concerning the availability of MSCs from the iliac crest, depending on age and overall physical fitness. Here, we analyzed whether the availability and chondrogenic differentiation capacity of MSCs isolated from the femoral shaft as an alternative source is age- or OA etiology-dependent. MSCs were isolated from the bone marrow (BM) of 98 patients, categorized into three OA-etiology groups (age-related, joint trauma, joint dysplasia) at the time of total hip replacement. All BM samples were characterized for cell yield, proliferation capacity, and phenotype. Chondrogenic differentiation was studied using micromass culture and analyzed by histology, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Significant volumes of viable BM (up to 25 ml) could be harvested from the femoral shaft without observing donor-site morbidity, typically containing >10(7) mononuclear cells per milliliter. No correlation of age or OA etiology with the number of mononuclear cells in BM, MSC yield, or cell size was found. Proliferative capacity and cellular spectrum of the harvested cells were independent of age and cause of OA. From all tested donors, MSCs could be differentiated into the chondrogenic lineage. We conclude that, irrespective of age and OA etiology, sufficient numbers of MSCs can be isolated and that these cells possess an adequate chondrogenic differentiation potential. Therefore, a therapeutic application of MSCs for cartilage regeneration of OA lesions seems feasible. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Thin layer ablation with lasers of different beam profiles: energy efficiency and over filling factor (2009)

Structuring and patterning of thin layer via selective laser ablation is one of the key technologies in production of display and photovoltaic. Concurrently, there are two ablation processes used in production of thin film solar cells: Scribing via selective ablation and edge isolation via deletion. The common laser beams have circular cross section. Furthermore, the most currently lasers of high beam quality have Gaussian beam profile. Because of threshold behaviour Gaussian beam profile is not favourable for ablation process. On the other side there are emerging laser concepts which deliver rectangular or saqure top-hat beams with high beam quality. In this paper we will discuss the fundamentals of ablation processes with circular Gaussian beams, one dimensional top-hat beams and two dimensional square top-hat beams. The major issues will be the energy efficiency of the process and the area over filling aspect for the different beam profiles. The corresponding experimental results will be presented.
Does Glycated Albumin Increase with Body Weight Reduction in Obese Non-Diabetic Subjects? (2019)

We reported that the body mass index (BMI) may exert a negative effect on glycated albumin (GA) in non-diabetic subjects and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition, we suggested a mechanism in which chronic inflammation in obesity may enhance albumin catabolism, leading to a decrease in GA levels for non-diabetic subjects. In the present study, we examined whether GA levels increased with body weight reduction in obese, non-diabetic subjects. Among the subjects who underwent complete medical checkups in 2010 and in 2015, 101 subjects with BMIs of 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup> or higher, without diabetes mellitus in 2010 were included in this study. Correlations of changes in BMI for five years (ΔBMI) with changes in various clinical laboratory test values [ΔC-reactive protein (CRP), ΔGA, ΔHbA1c, Δfasting plasma glucose (FPG), ΔGA/HbA1c and ΔGA/FPG] were investigated. ΔBMI significantly and positively correlated with ΔCRP, while ΔBMI did not significantly correlate with ΔGA. ΔBMI significantly and positively correlated with ΔHbA1c and ΔFPG. Furthermore, ΔBMI showed significant negative correlations with ΔGA/HbA1c and ΔGA/FPG. GA levels did not increase with body weight reduction in obese non-diabetic subjects. Such a phenomenon might be considered the result when the positive control of GA levels through decreases in chronic inflammation due to body weight reduction was counterbalanced by the negative control of GA levels through improvement in glucose tolerance.
A Model of Energetic Interactions Between a Car Engine, the Cabin Heating System and the Electrical System (2002)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Reduction of internal combustion engines fuel consumption is permanently researched. It leads automotive companies towards global energetic simulation tools to describe the interactions between the engine and the energy consumer systems.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Valeo with the EMN Department of Energetic, develop a vehicle energy management tool. It will be able to describe the interactions between: engine, the car cabin heating system, electrical systems and other energy consumers (additional heating system, air conditioning system) implied in the vehicle operation.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The first results given by the simulation model have approached quite accurately, the coolant loop warm-up curve, measured during a vehicle test in wind tunnel.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The model solves the energy balance on the oil and coolant loops and computes: the heat flux from engine to coolant, the distribution of coolant flows in branches, the thermal exchanges involved in the heater core, the cooling radiator and the oil cooler.&lt;/div&gt;
Stromal cell-derived factor-1 as a potential therapeutic target for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis (2019)

With age, joints become subject to chronic inflammatory processes that lead to degeneration of articular cartilage. Although multifactorial, cytokines have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of these chronic disease states. Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) is a chemokine that has been shown to be active in homeostatic mechanisms and developmental processes throughout the body, such as endochondral bone formation. SDF-1 plays a role in the transition from cartilage to bone. Although it has been shown to be a factor in normal development, it has also been shown to involve in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). In RA, SDF-1 has been shown to stimulate the recruitment of proinflammatory cells, as well as osteoclasts to the synovium, aiding in the facilitation of synovial degradation. Similarly, in OA, SDF-1 has been shown to regulate key proteins involved in the degradation of the cartilage of the joint. Because of its role in degenerative joint disease, SDF-1 has been investigated as a potential therapeutic target. Animal studies have been employing SDF-1 inhibitors, such as AMD3100 and T140, to study their effects on attenuating degenerative joint disease. These studies have shown promising results in slowing the progression of cartilage degradation and could potentially be used as therapeutic target for humans OA and RA.
Antisense‐transformation reveals novel roles for class I β‐1,3‐glucanase in tobacco seed after‐ripening and photodormancy (2001)

Little is known about the molecular basis for seed dormancy, after-ripening, and radicle emergence through the covering layers during germination. In tobacco, endosperm rupture occurs after testa rupture and is the limiting step in seed germination. Class I beta-1,3-glucanase (betaGLU I), which is induced in the micropylar endosperm just prior to its penetration by the radicle, is believed to help weaken the endosperm wall. Evidence is presented here for a second site of betaGLU I action during after-ripening. Tobacco plants were transformed with antisense betaGLU I constructs with promoters thought to direct endosperm-specific expression. Unexpectedly, these transformants were unaffected in endosperm rupture and did not exhibit reduced betaGLU I expression during germination. Nevertheless, antisense betaGLU I transformation delayed the onset of testa rupture in light-imbibed, after-ripened seeds and inhibited the after-ripening-mediated release of photodormancy. It is proposed that betaGLU I expression in the dry seed contributes to the after-ripening-mediated release of seed dormancy.
Epigenitic Modifications by the Histone Demethylase LSD1 in Hepatic Stellate Cells Contribute to Liver Fibrosis (2019)

Liver fibrosis is the final progress of different kinds of chronic liver diseases, independently if chronic inflammation is caused by viral infection, alcohol abuse or other factors. The Hepatic Stellate Cells (HSC), transdifferentiating into myofibroblasts during chronic liver disease, are crucial for the extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) production and accumulation. Recent studies suggest that epigenetic mechanisms are important in triggering processes of liver fibrosis. The lysine specific histone 3 demethylase LSD1 is shown to be a central mediator of histone modification, shown to be involved in tumor progression of different cancer types. However, its function in inflammatory and fibrotic processes is not yet known. Hereby, we aimed to study the function of LSD1 in cellular and molecular mechanisms of liver fibrosis.
Addition chain heuristics (1989)

Much current research focuses on fast evaluation of RSA, which consists of computing powers modulo a large number n. While some try to increase the speed of multiplica- tions, here we consider reducing the number of multiplications. In particular, we present a precomputation method that reduces the number of multiplications for the computation of a given power.
Quantity and Quality of Trabecular Bone in the Femur Are Enhanced by a Strongly Anabolic, Noninvasive Mechanical Intervention (2002)

The skeleton's sensitivity to mechanical stimuli represents a critical determinant of bone mass and morphology. We have proposed that the extremely low level (< 10 microstrain), high frequency (20-50 Hz) mechanical strains, continually present during even subtle activities such as standing are as important to defining the skeleton as the larger strains typically associated with vigorous activity (>2000 microstrain). If these low-level strains are indeed anabolic, then this sensitivity could serve as the basis for a biomechanically based intervention for osteoporosis. To evaluate this hypothesis, the hindlimbs of adult female sheep were stimulated for 20 minutes/day using a noninvasive 0.3g vertical oscillation sufficient to induce approximately 5 microstrain on the cortex of the tibia. After 1 year of stimulation, the physical properties of 10-mm cubes of trabecular bone from the distal femoral condyle of experimental animals (n = 8) were compared with controls (n = 9), as evaluated using microcomputed tomography (microCT) scanning and materials testing. Bone mineral content (BMC) was 10.6% greater (p < 0.05), and the trabecular number (Tb.N) was 8.3% higher in the experimental animals (p < 0.01), and trabecular spacing decreased by 11.3% (p < 0.01), indicating that bone quantity was increased both by the creation of new trabeculae and the thickening of existing trabeculae. The trabecular bone pattern factor (TBPf) decreased 24.2% (p < 0.03), indicating trabecular morphology adapting from rod shape to plate shape. Significant increases in stiffness and strength were observed in the longitudinal direction (12.1% and 26.7%, respectively; both, p < 0.05), indicating that the adaptation occurred primarily in the plane of weightbearing. These results show that extremely low level mechanical stimuli improve both the quantity and the quality of trabecular bone. That these deformations are several orders of magnitude below those peak strains which arise during vigorous activity indicates that this biomechanically based signal may serve as an effective intervention for osteoporosis.
SIXTY YEARS OF CHANGES TO THE POTALA PALACE SQUARE (2011)

Having traveled to Tibet more than once,I find I have visited 74 counties in seven prefectures of Tibet,such as Lhasa,Ngaqu,Shigatse,Lhoka,Nyingchi and so on. Time has just flown with 25 years of travels.
The Control Strategy of VRB-ESS for Wind Power (2012)

Aiming at the application of Vanadium Redox-Flow Battery Energy Storage System (VRB-ESS) on wind power, this paper studied on the control strategy of BESS under the different time scale. Firstly, the paper introduced the operation mode of BESS under different working condition and the judgment principle for operation mode switch, which based on the comprehensive characteristics of wind power prediction, SOC of BESS and control objective of wind power- BESS. According to the technical requirements, the control strategy of BESS was presented, namely smooth control based on ultra-short-term wind power prediction. The smooth control works on smooth the rapid fluctuation of power output from wind farm with time scale 0–15min, it is very helpful to improve the power quality of wind power and reduce the influence from wind power on the frequency regulation capability of power system. Lastly, by means of simulation, the control strategy was applied to a study wind farm to verify the effectiveness.
Glycerol Ether Synthesis: A Bench Test for Green Chemistry Concepts and Technologies (2015)

International audience
Neuroprotection by the PGE2 EP2 receptor in permanent focal cerebral ischemia (2005)

Recent studies suggest a neuroprotective function of the PGE2 EP2 receptor in excitotoxic neuronal injury. The function of the EP2 receptor was examined at time points after excitotoxicity in an organotypic hippocampal model of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) challenge and in a permanent model of focal forebrain ischemia. Activation of EP2 led to significant neuroprotection in hippocampal slices up to 3 hours after a toxic NMDA stimulus. Genetic deletion of EP2 resulted in a marked increase in stroke volume in the permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion model. These findings support further investigation into therapeutic strategies targeting the EP2 receptor in stroke.
생태학적 변인에 따른 만 2세 영아의 사회，정서적 적응에 관한 연구 (2013)

본 연구는 만 2세 영아의 사회·정서적 적응과정에 생태학적 변인들이 어떠한 영향을 미치는지, 각 변인들을 중심으로 적응과정에 초점을 맞추어 살펴보고 분석해 보는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 광주 광역시에 소재한 어린이집중 20개의 어린이집을 무작위 표집하여 선정한 후, 선정된 어린이집에 재 원하고 있는 만 2세 영아의 부모와 담임교사 97쌍을 대상으로 하였고, 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫 째, 만 2세 영아의 사회·정서적 적응에 영향을 미치는 생태학적 변인들의 상대적 영향력에 대한 분 석 결과, 영아성별, 출생순위, 첫 입소시기, 양육태도(거부·방임), 교사학력, 교사직무만족도가 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 입소 후주차별, 만 2세 영아의 사회·정서적 적응에 영향을 미치는 생태학적 변인들의 상대적 영향력을 살펴본 결과, 사회적 유능성에서는 영아성별, 양육태도(거 부·방임), 교사학력, 외현적 문제행동에서는 교사학력, 교사직무만족도, 내면적 문제행동에서는 첫 입소시기, 교사학력, 교사직무만족도, 조절문제에서는 출생순위, 교사학력, 교사직무만족도 변인이 영 향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 만 2세 영아의 사회·정서적 적응을 위해서는 영아성별과 첫 입소시기, 출생시기, 부모의 양육태도(거부·방임)가 사회·정서적 적응에 중요한 영향을 미치며, 특히 교사학력과 교사직무만족도의 교사관련변인은 다른 생태학적 변인들보다 모든 적응하위요인에 있어서 매우 중요한 역할을 하고 있다는 연구결과를 살펴볼 때, 만 2세 영아의 사회·정서적 적응을 위해 교 사의 질적인 향상에 대한 중요성을 시사한다고 볼 수 있다.
A Critique of the Remote Procedure Call Paradigm (1988)

The remote procedure call paradigm is widely used in distributed operating systems. It is conceptually simple to use and straightforward to implement. Nevertheless, experience has shown that it also has some subtle, but less pleasant aspects. In this paper we discuss problems with RPC in the areas of conceptual problems with the model itself, technical problems with implementing it, problems caused by client and server crashes, problems caused by heterogeneous systems, and performance problems. The paper concludes with a discussion and analysis of the problems and proposed solutions.
Customized Corneal Ablation (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Basics of Laser Refractive Surgery Forms of Customization The Excimer Laser Treatment Biomechanics and Variable Ablation Rate Effect of the LASIK Flap Wavefront Technology and Higher Order Aberration Correction Clinical Results of Excimer Laser Ablation Summary
Silicon Nanodisk Huygens Metasurfaces for Portable and Low-Cost Refractive Index and Biomarker Sensing (2022)

Biomarker detection and bulk refractive index sensing are important across multiple industries ranging from early medical diagnosis to chemical process quality control. The bulky size, high cost, and complex architecture of existing refractive index and biomarker sensing technologies limit their use to highly skilled environments like hospitals, large food processing plants, and research labs. Here, we demonstrate a compact and inexpensive refractive index sensor based on resonant dielectric photonic nanoantenna arrays or metasurfaces. These dielectric resonances support Mie dipole and asymmetric resonances that shift with changes in their external environment. A single-wavelength transmission measurement in a portable (<250 in.<sup>3</sup>), low-cost (<$4000) sensor shows sensitivity to 1.9 × 10<sup>-6</sup> change in the fluid refractive index without the use of a spectrometer or other complex optics. Our sensor assembly allows for measurements using multiple metasurfaces with identical resonances or varying resonance types for enhanced diagnostics on the same chip. Furthermore, a 10 kDa culture filtrate peptide CFP-10, a marker for human tuberculosis, is detected with our sensor with 10 pM resolution. This system has the potential to enable facile, fast, and highly sensitive measurements with adequate limits of detection for personalized biomedical diagnoses.