gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microstrip antennas integrated with electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structures: a low mutual coupling design for array applications (2003)

Utilization of electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structures is becoming attractive in the electromagnetic and antenna community. In this paper, a mushroom-like EBG structure is analyzed using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Its band-gap feature of surface-wave suppression is demonstrated by exhibiting the near field distributions of the electromagnetic waves. The mutual coupling of microstrip antennas is parametrically investigated, including both the E and H coupling directions, different substrate thickness, and various dielectric constants. It is observed that the E-plane coupled microstrip antenna array on a thick and high permittivity substrate has a strong mutual coupling due to the pronounced surface waves. Therefore, an EBG structure is inserted between array elements to reduce the mutual coupling. This idea has been verified by both the FDTD simulations and experimental results. As a result, a significant 8 dB mutual coupling reduction is noticed from the measurements.
From humble beginnings to a modern-day academic institution: 100 years of Chemistry at the University of Natal in Pietermaritzburg (2011)

The article traces the history of the Department of Chemistry from 1910 to 2010. Emphasis is on the people involved and the influence they had in shaping the history of the Department. In the final pages the impact of the Chemistry Department, and its staff and students, have had on the wider South African scene, is discussed.
E-cadherin is the major mediator of human melanocyte adhesion to keratinocytes in vitro (1994)

E- and P-cadherin are calcium (Ca2+)-dependent cell adhesion molecules important in the morphogenesis and maintenance of skin structure. By use of flow cytometry and specific antibodies, we now show that cultured human melanocytes express E- and P-cadherin on their surfaces, and that these molecules have the same characteristics as reported for other cell types. Specifically, melanocyte cadherins are sensitive to trypsin digestion in the absence of Ca2+ and are protected from trypsin degradation by Ca2+, and are functional at 37 degrees C but not at 4 degrees C. We further show that melanocytes contain mRNA transcripts encoding both E- and P-cadherin. Adhesion of cultured melanocytes to keratinocyte monolayers is abolished by pre-treatment of the melanocytes with trypsin/EDTA, which degrades E- and P-cadherins, is greatly reduced by anti-E-cadherin antibodies and is slightly reduced by antibodies to P-cadherin, alpha 2, alpha 3 and beta 1 integrins. In contrast to normal melanocytes, eight of nine melanoma cell lines lacked E-cadherin (or expressed markedly reduced levels) and five were negative for P-cadherin. Melanoma cells also failed to adhere to keratinocyte monolayers. These results demonstrate that normal human melanocytes express functional E- and P-cadherin and that E-cadherin is primarily responsible for adhesion of human melanocytes to keratinocytes in vitro. In addition, transformed melanocytes express markedly reduced levels of E- and P-cadherin, and exhibit decreased affinity for normal keratinocytes in vitro, suggesting that loss of cadherins may play a role in melanoma metastasis.
Calibration of uniform-field spark-gaps for high-voltage measurement at power frequencies (1947)

A calibration is given for spark-gap electrodes designed to ensure that the spark path lies in a uniform field, and it is shown that for all three sizes of electrodes investigated, covering a range of 9 to 315 kV (peak), the sparkover voltages are within 0.2% of the values given by the empirical lawV=24.22S+6.082√SkV (peak) at 20°C and atmospheric pressure of 760 mm Hg, where S is the electrode spacing in centimetres.All observations were made with vertical gaps having the lower electrode connected to earth, and comparative data were obtained for a sphere gap with electrodes 25 cm in diameter. The effects of surrounding objects and of faulty alignment of the electrodes were determined experimentally, and on the basis of these results a number of recommendations are made, giving the limits within which the spark-over voltage is defined by the above equation.
A support vector method for optimizing average precision (2007)

Machine learning is commonly used to improve ranked retrieval systems. Due to computational difficulties, few learning techniques have been developed to directly optimize for mean average precision (MAP), despite its widespread use in evaluating such systems. Existing approaches optimizing MAP either do not find a globally optimal solution, or are computationally expensive. In contrast, we present a general SVM learning algorithm that efficiently finds a globally optimal solution to a straightforward relaxation of MAP. We evaluate our approach using the TREC 9 and TREC 10 Web Track corpora (WT10g), comparing against SVMs optimized for accuracy and ROCArea. In most cases we show our method to produce statistically significant improvements in MAP scores.
Is there a case for eculizumab for pediatric renal transplantation? (2018)

Pediatric TransplantationVolume 22, Issue 2 e13128 EDITORIAL Is there a case for eculizumab for pediatric renal transplantation? Guido Filler, Guido Filler orcid.org/0000-0003-1891-6765 Departments of Paediatrics and Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada The Lilibeth Caberto Kidney Clinical Research Unit, Western University, London, ON, Canada Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorChristoph Licht, Christoph Licht Division of Nephrology and Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorShih-Han Susan Huang, Shih-Han Susan Huang Departments of Paediatrics and Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada The Lilibeth Caberto Kidney Clinical Research Unit, Western University, London, ON, Canada Department of Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, CanadaSearch for more papers by this author Guido Filler, Guido Filler orcid.org/0000-0003-1891-6765 Departments of Paediatrics and Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada The Lilibeth Caberto Kidney Clinical Research Unit, Western University, London, ON, Canada Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorChristoph Licht, Christoph Licht Division of Nephrology and Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorShih-Han Susan Huang, Shih-Han Susan Huang Departments of Paediatrics and Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada The Lilibeth Caberto Kidney Clinical Research Unit, Western University, London, ON, Canada Department of Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, CanadaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 07 February 2018 https://doi.org/10.1111/petr.13128 Editorial for "A Prospective Randomized, Controlled Trial of Eculizumab to Prevent Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Pediatric Kidney Transplantation" by Kaabak et al. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume22, Issue2March 2018e13128 RelatedInformation
Growth and characterization of large high quality brownmillerite CaFeO2.5 single crystals (2012)

The growth conditions of large and high quality single-crystals of CaFeO2.5 by the floating-zone technique in an image furnace are discussed. Structural characterization of the as grown single crystals have been carried out by neutron and X-ray diffraction as well as by HRTEM revealed the excellent quality in terms of composition homogeneity and crystalline quality. Magnetic measurements have been performed on oriented crystals by SQUID and neutron diffraction in the range of 5–700 K in order to clear up controversial discussions on possible magnetic phase transitions. The magnetic transitions reported elsewhere are discussed in terms of oxygen non-stoichiometries leading to multiphase CaFeO2.5±δ related to the crystal growth conditions.
The Association of a SNP Upstream of INSIG2 with Body Mass Index is Reproduced in Several but Not All Cohorts (2007)

A SNP upstream of the INSIG2 gene, rs7566605, was recently found to be associated with obesity as measured by body mass index (BMI) by Herbert and colleagues. The association between increased BMI and homozygosity for the minor allele was first observed in data from a genome-wide association scan of 86,604 SNPs in 923 related individuals from the Framingham Heart Study offspring cohort. The association was reproduced in four additional cohorts, but was not seen in a fifth cohort. To further assess the general reproducibility of this association, we genotyped rs7566605 in nine large cohorts from eight populations across multiple ethnicities (total n = 16,969). We tested this variant for association with BMI in each sample under a recessive model using family-based, population-based, and case-control designs. We observed a significant (p < 0.05) association in five cohorts but saw no association in three other cohorts. There was variability in the strength of association evidence across examination cycles in longitudinal data from unrelated individuals in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring cohort. A combined analysis revealed significant independent validation of this association in both unrelated (p = 0.046) and family-based (p = 0.004) samples. The estimated risk conferred by this allele is small, and could easily be masked by small sample size, population stratification, or other confounders. These validation studies suggest that the original association is less likely to be spurious, but the failure to observe an association in every data set suggests that the effect of SNP rs7566605 on BMI may be heterogeneous across population samples.
Investigation of Buffer Iayer of Cubic GaN Epitaxial Films on (100) GaAs Grown by Metalorganic-Hydrogen Chloride Vapor-Phase Epitaxy (1996)

Cubic GaN epitaxial layers are grown with GaN buffer layers of various thicknesses on (100) GaAs substrate using (CH 3 ) 3 Ga, HCI and NH 3 as starting materials. The full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the X-ray peak, the surface roughness and the PL spectra show that the optimum thickness of the GaN buffer layer ranges from 20 to 50 nm. It is found by high-resolution TEM and electron diffraction measurements that a GaN buffer layer grown at 500° C is a polycrystal and becomes a single crystal upon thermal annealing at 850° C for 10 min prior to the growth of a cubic GaN epitaxial layer.
Direct Elucidation of Disulfide Bond Partners Using Ultraviolet Photodissociation Mass Spectrometry (2011)

Disulfide bonds stabilize the tertiary and quaternary structure of proteins. Identifying the correct disulfide bond pairs can be extremely useful to understand the nature of a protein. However identifying correct disulfide linkages remains a challenge for many proteins. We report the use of ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) at 266 nm to selectively cleave disulfide bonds in the gas phase, while leaving all other bonds intact. This methodology can be used to identify disulfide bonded pairs in complex systems with multiple disulfide bond partners. We have explored UVPD chemistry on pairs of model peptides with one disulfide bond to evaluate the importance of various sequence and structural effects. In addition, online experiments were performed on whole protein digests. Bond selective UVPD was able to correctly identify and characterize all known disulfide bonded pairs. The method also proved sufficiently sensitive to identify and characterize several non-native disulfide-bound peptide pairs which were present in trace amounts. Photodissociation at 266 nm can be a valuable tool for disulfide bond identification and pair assignment in high-throughput proteomics studies.
On the Risk of Stocks in the Long Run (1995)

A familiar proposition is that investing in common stocks is less risky the longer an investor plans to hold them. If this proposition were true, then the cost of insuring against earning less than the risk-free rate of interest should decline as the investment horizon lengthens. This paper shows that the opposite is true, even if stock returns are mean reverting in the long run. The case for young people investing more heavily than older people in stocks cannot, therefore, rest solely on the long-run properties of stock returns. For guarantors of money-fixed annuities, the proposition that stocks in their portfolios are a better hedge the longer the maturity of their obligations is unambiguously wrong.
The incidence of adrenal crisis in the postoperative period of HPA axis insufficiency after surgical treatment for Cushing’s syndrome (2019)

The incidence of adrenal crises after treatment for Cushing's syndrome is substantial, and patients who suffered from an adrenal crisis have higher risk for recurrent crisis. Adrenal crisis tends to present early after remission of Cushing's syndrome, which is probably the period of severest HPA axis suppression, despite in general higher hydrocortisone replacement doses for withdrawal complaints in this period. Additional pituitary hormone deficiencies may be a risk marker for increased risk of adrenal crisis. However, further risk factor analysis is needed to identify risks for a first crisis. Effective education methods to prevent adrenal crises should be identified and implemented, including stress instructions by trained nursing staff before hospital discharge.
Supplemental Figure S4 from Deep Transcriptome Profiling of Multiple Myeloma Using Quantitative Phenotypes (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Kaplan-Meier curves of overall survival by spectra and UAMS risk-groups in the CoMMpass data. CoMMpass patients were assigned to high and low risk separately using the OS Spectra score and the UAMS score (See Methods, Comparison to the UAMS risk score). Blue and orange lines: both methods agree on patient's risk category. Purple line: Spectra correctly identified high-risk patients (poorer survival) that are misclassified as low risk by UAMS. Green line: Spectra correctly identified low-risk patients (better survival) that are misclassified as high risk by UAMS.&lt;/p&gt;
Phase separation during film growth (1992)

A diffusion equation describing phase separation during co-deposition of a binary alloy is derived, and solved in the limit of dominant surface diffusion. Linear stability analysis yields results similar to bulk spinodal decomposition, except that long, and possibly all, wavelength are stabilized. Decomposition into two phases is investigated by solving the diffusion equation for lamellar and cylindrical symmetry. For the lamellar geometry, typically observed for near-equal volume fractions, the diffusion equation does not yield wavelength selection criteria. These can be obtained if free energy minimization is assumed. For the cylindrical geometry, solutions for small volume fractions yield domain dimensions proportional to the deposition-rate dependent surface diffusion length.
A Multi-resolution approach to Common Fate-based audio separation (2017)

We propose the Multi-resolution Common Fate Transform (MCFT), a signal representation that increases the separability of audio sources with significant energy overlap in the time-frequency domain. The MCFT combines the desirable features of two existing representations: the invertibility of the recently proposed Common Fate Transform (CFT) and the multi-resolution property of the cortical stage output of an auditory model. We compare the utility of the MCFT to the CFT by measuring the quality of source separation performed via ideal binary masking using each representation. Experiments on harmonic sounds with overlapping fundamental frequencies and different spectro-temporal modulation patterns show that ideal masks based on the MCFT yield better separation than those based on the CFT.
Role of endoscopic ultrasound in pancreatic cancer (2009)

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer deaths in Western societies. It is an aggressive tumor with an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. Surgical resection offers the only possibility of cure and long-term survival for patients suffering from PC; however, unfortunately, fewer than 20% of patients suffering from PC have disease that is amendable to surgical resection. Therefore, it is important to accurately diagnose and stage these patients to enable optimal treatment of their disease. The imaging modalities involved in the diagnosis and staging of PC include multidetector CT scanning, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography and MRI. The roles and relative importance of these imaging modalities have changed over the last few decades and continue to change owing to the rapid technological advances in medical imaging, but these investigations continue to be complementary. EUS was first introduced in the mid-1980s in Japan and Germany and has quickly gained acceptance. Its widespread use in the last decade has revolutionized the management of pancreatic disease as it simultaneously provides primary diagnostic and staging information, as well as enabling tissue biopsy. This article discusses the potential benefits and drawbacks of EUS in the primary diagnosis, staging and assessment of resectability, and EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration in PC. Difficult diagnostic scenarios and pitfalls are also discussed. A suggested management algorithm for patients with suspected PC is also presented.
Soluble lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1 in type 2 diabetes mellitus (2008)

The lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) can be proteolytically cleaved and released as soluble forms (sLOX-1). We have determined serums LOX-1 in type 2 diabetes and evaluated the effect of glucose and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on sLOX-1 in vitro and in vivo. Endothelial cells were incubated with glucose or AGEs, and sLOX-1 in cell medium was measured. Serum sLOX-1 was measured in 219 diabetic patients and 187 controls by ELISA. The effect of lowering glucose and AGEs on sLOX-1 was determined in 38 poorly controlled diabetic patients after improvement in glycemic control. Incubation of endothelial cells with AGE-BSA led to a dose-dependent increase in sLOX-1, whereas the effect of glucose on sLOX-1 was less marked. Serum sLOX-1 was 9% higher in diabetic patients compared with controls (P<0.01). In the poorly controlled patients, serum sLOX-1 decreased by 12.5% after improvement in glycemic control (P<0.05). The magnitude of reduction in sLOX-1 correlated with the improvement in hemoglobin A1c and AGEs but not with the reduction in oxidized LDL. sLOX-1 level is increased in type 2 diabetes. Both glucose and AGEs are important determinants of LOX-1 expression, and lowering glucose and AGEs leads to a reduction in sLOX-1.
ChemInform Abstract: Meisenheimer Rearrangement of Azetopyridoindoles. Part 6. Synthesis of 12‐Carbaeudistomin and Related Compounds. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
HK022 bacteriophage Integrase mediated RMCE as a potential tool for human gene therapy (2020)

HK022 coliphage site-specific recombinase Integrase (Int) can catalyze integrative site-specific recombination and recombinase-mediated cassette exchange (RMCE) reactions in mammalian cell cultures. Owing to the promiscuity of the 7 bp overlap sequence in its att sites, active 'attB' sites flanking human deleterious mutations were previously identified that may serve as substrates for RMCE reactions for future potential gene therapy. However, the wild type Int proved inefficient in catalyzing such RMCE reactions. To address this low efficiency, variants of Int were constructed and examined by integrative site-specific recombination and RMCE assays in human cells using native 'attB' sites. As a proof of concept, various Int derivatives have demonstrated successful RMCE reactions using a pair of native 'attB' sites that were inserted as a substrate into the human genome. Moreover, successful RMCE reactions were demonstrated in native locations of the human CTNS and DMD genes whose mutations are responsible for Cystinosis and Duchene Muscular Dystrophy diseases, respectively. This work provides a steppingstone for potential downstream therapeutic applications.
Analysis of dispersion of carbon black in polymeric melts and its effect on compound properties (1992)

Abstract The dispersion of carbon black agglomerates within melts of polystyrene and high density polyethylene has been investigated. Analysis of the evolution of the fragment size distribution indicates that a coarse rupturing of the agglomerates occurs during the early stages of the dispersion. This is followed by a more gradual erosion of small aggregates from larger fragments. These observations compare quantitatively with results of dispersion studies performed in fluid media having a viscosity two orders of magnitude smaller than that of the polymeric melts. The influence of dispersion quality on certain physical properties of the resulting polymeric compounds, namely UV absorption characteristics and tensile strength properties, is also quantified.
Real-Time Speed Trajectory Planning for Minimum Fuel Consumption of a Ground Vehicle (2019)

One of the most effective methods to reduce fuel consumption is modifying or shaping the driving loads of ground vehicles. For an automatic driving vehicle, the “pulse-and-glide” strategy is known to be optimal, and many analyses have been performed on this strategy in offline optimization. However, there is no pulse-and-glide algorithm that is implementable in real-time without loss of optimality. This paper presents the solution structure of an optimal control problem for the pulse-and-glide driving strategy. The solution structure is used in designing a real-time implementable algorithm that determines the optimal speed trajectory and the optimal gear shifting trajectory for pulse-and-glide operation. The optimal problem is formulated in a speed-acceleration domain (v-a domain) not in a time-velocity domain, which greatly reduces the complexity of the problem. Therefore, an optimal solution can be achieved by using the necessary conditions with a small number of grid search computations. The algorithm achieved 3%-5% fuel savings compared to the cruising case. In contrast, the previous real-time implementable pulse-and-glide method found in other literature achieved only 2%-3% savings with the same road conditions. By introducing a new domain for the problem formulation, the designed algorithm can be used in real-time without loss of optimality.