gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effect of nickel, silicon and austenite deep-freezing treatment on the microstructure and wear properties of high chromium white iron containing niobium (1998)

The influence of sub-zero treatments on erosion and abrasion resistance of a high chromium white cast iron with different amounts of nickel and silicon was investigated. It was found that nickel stabilises the residual austenite in white irons, decreasing their wear resistance. On the other hand, the corrosion resistance of these alloys is improved by nickel addition. Silicon was found to be an austenite-destabilising element increasing the γ → M transformation temperature. Up to 58% of predominantly austenitic matrix in the alloys containing 3.8% Ni is transformed to martensite by the addition of 3.6% Si and the application of sub-zero treatments. A tempered martensite matrix structure was found to offer the best resistance to both erosion and abrasion. SEM observations revealed that a martensitic matrix, because of its high hardness, can effectively support the massive carbides by preventing their fracture during abrasion and erosion processes.
Solid State Electrochemically Generated Luminescence Based on Serial Frozen Concentration Gradients of RuIII/II and RuII/I Couples in a Molten Ruthenium 2,2‘-Bipyridine Complex (1997)

The attachment of two polyethylene glycol tails (n = 7, MW = 350) to ruthenium tris(bipyridine) via ester links on the 4,4‘-positions of one of the bipyridine ligands yields a highly viscous (η ≈ 107 cP) molten salt (abbreviated [Ru(bpy)2(bpy(CO2MePEG350)2)](ClO4)2) that glasses at ca. −5 °C. At room temperature, the ionic conductivity of the melt is sufficiently high that application of 2.4 V across the fingers of a Pt interdigitated electrode array (IDA) coated with the melt leads to the electrolytic development of serial concentration gradient microstructures of RuIII/II and RuII/I states. At the intersection of the two concentration gradients, in the interior of the coating, reaction between the RuIII and RuI states leads to ECL emission with an efficiency of 0.2% photons/electron. Cooling a concentration gradient-containing film to −20 °C under voltage bias, so as to preserve the gradient microstructure, yields a film that has an emission efficiency of 0.1%, a current and light emission response that rapidly changes with the applied voltage bias, and a diode-like current−voltage profile with a ca. 100 rectification ratio.
Sample Subset Optimization Techniques for Imbalanced and Ensemble Learning Problems in Bioinformatics Applications (2013)

Data sampling is a widely used technique in a broad range of machine learning problems. Traditional sampling approaches generally rely on random resampling from a given dataset. However, these approaches do not take into consideration additional information, such as sample quality and usefulness. We recently proposed a data sampling technique, called sample subset optimization (SSO). The SSO technique relies on a cross-validation procedure for identifying and selecting the most useful samples as subsets. In this paper, we describe the application of SSO techniques to imbalanced and ensemble learning problems, respectively. For imbalanced learning, the SSO technique is employed as an under-sampling technique for identifying a subset of highly discriminative samples in the majority class. In ensemble learning, the SSO technique is utilized as a generic ensemble technique where multiple optimized subsets of samples from each class are selected for building an ensemble classifier. We demonstrate the utilities and advantages of the proposed techniques on a variety of bioinformatics applications where class imbalance, small sample size, and noisy data are prevalent.
Selectively buried waveguide sensors for monolayer and sub-monolayer detection of biological and chemical analytes (2004)

This paper describes a new form of optical waveguide structure that is suitable for detecting low concentrations of chemical and biological analytes and can be efficiently integrated into fiber networks. The waveguide is formed in glass and inherently provides a good interface to recognition layers that can be tailored to interact with specific chemical or biological analytes at monolayer and potentially sub-monolayer concentration levels. The glass platform is also compatible with other optical materials such as sol-gels and polymers allowing the formation of composite waveguide/microresonator or waveguide/PBG devices.
Improvement of the measurement accuracy of distributed Brillouin sensing via radio frequency filtering (2019)

This paper presents and experimentally demonstrates a new approach for the noise reduction and measurement accuracy enhancement in Brillouin optical time domain analyzers (BOTDA) by applying low pass filtering to the detected radio frequency (RF) signal. The simulation and experimental results indicate that the noise level of the BOTDA traces is reduced by using RF filtering. The corresponding measurement accuracy improvement depends on the cut-off frequency of the employed low pass filter. RF filtering is more efficient than other post-processing methods since it overcomes the long processing time. However, the results also imply that RF filters with too low bandwidths distort the trace signals and lead to detection errors.
Antithrombotic and Vasorelaxant Properties of a Novel Synthetic RGD Peptide Containing Nitric Oxide (1997)

We have developed a novel synthetic peptide containing both the antiadhesive Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) amino acid sequence and a nitric oxide (NO) moiety well known for its vasorelaxant properties. The main objective of this study was to determine whether this hybrid molecule is concurrently effective with regard to antithrombotic and vasorelaxation actions. Studies of in vitro platelet adhesion and of in vivo platelet thrombus formation in the rat demonstrated that the RGD-NO peptide increased the antithrombotic characteristics of the RGD peptide alone. The RGD-NO peptide also caused relaxation of rat aortic rings, while the RGD peptide did not induce relaxation. These characteristics of Ac-RGDC-SNO suggest that this or similar compounds may have potential as effective antithrombotic agents in coronary and peripheral artery disorders.
The presence of the cyanobacterial toxin microcystin in black band disease of corals (2007)

Black band disease (BBD) is a migrating, cyanobacterial dominated, sulfide-rich microbial mat that moves across coral colonies lysing coral tissue. While it is known that BBD sulfate-reducing bacteria contribute to BBD pathogenicity by production of sulfide, additional mechanisms of toxicity may be involved. Using HPLC/MS, the cyanotoxin microcystin was detected in 22 field samples of BBD collected from five coral species on nine reefs of the wider Caribbean (Florida Keys and Bahamas). Two cyanobacterial cultures isolated from BBD, Geitlerinema and Leptolyngbya sp. contained microcystin based on HPLC/MS, with toxic activity confirmed using the protein phosphatase inhibition assay. The gene mcyA from the microcystin synthesis complex was detected in two field samples and from both BBD cyanobacterial cultures. Microcystin was not detected in six BBD samples from a different area of the Caribbean (St Croix, USVI) and the Philippines, suggesting regional specificity for BBD microcystin. This is the first report of the presence of microcystin in a coral disease.
Historical Dissertations Defended in 2005 (2006)

of Culture, Philosophy and Art, Vilnius Academy of Fine Arts).Vilniaus vėlyvojo baroko meno rinka [The Late-Baroque Vilnius Art Market]
Room temperature electroluminescence from a c-Si p-i-n structure (2001)

The time dependent electroluminescence (EL) of c-Si (at 1.1 eV) is investigated at room temperature for a p-i-n structure under excitation with forward biased current pulses. The EL intensity increases by square law at shorter times (&amp;lt;3 μs) and reaches a steady state value at longer times (&amp;gt;10 μs). The parabolic dependence of the EL intensity on the current density at the shorter times points to the bimolecular recombination mechanism. The EL response time has been decreased to less than 200 ns for the given p-i-n structure by application of a reverse bias potential. The maximal EL quantum efficiency is of the order of 0.01% for the investigated p-i-n structure and possible ways to increase this value are discussed.
Geminal bis(haloorganostannanes) and their complexation as mono- and bidentate Lewis acids with dimethyl sulfoxide (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeminal bis(haloorganostannanes) and their complexation as mono- and bidentate Lewis acids with dimethyl sulfoxideThomas J. Karol, John P. Hutchinson, Jeffrey R. Hyde, Henry G. Kuivila, and Jon A. ZubietaCite this: Organometallics 1983, 2, 1, 106–114Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00073a020https://doi.org/10.1021/om00073a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views200Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Effect of host fatty acid-binding protein and fatty acid uptake on growth of Chlamydia trachomatis L2 (2007)

Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular bacterium and acquires both building blocks and energy from host cells for growth. The fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) plays an important role in uptake of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) and energy metabolism by eukaryotic cells. The roles of FABP and LCFA in chlamydial infection were evaluated. Infection of liver cells with chlamydial organisms promoted fatty acid uptake by the infected cells, suggesting that LCFA may benefit chlamydial growth. Introduction of FABP into the liver cells not only enhanced fatty acid uptake, but also increased chlamydial intravacuolar replication and maturation. The FABP-enhanced chlamydial intracellular growth was dependent on the host cell uptake of fatty acids. These results have demonstrated that C. trachomatis can productively infect liver cells and utilize FABP-transported LCFA for its own biosynthesis.
Cell Selectivity and Mechanism of Action of Antimicrobial Model Peptides Containing Peptoid Residues (2005)

To develop a useful method for designing cell-selective antimicrobial peptides and to investigate the effect of incorporating peptoid residues into an alpha-helical model peptide on structure, function, and mode of action, we synthesized a series of model peptides incorporating Nala (Ala-peptoid) into different positions of an amphipathic alpha-helical model peptide (KLW). Incorporation of one or two Nala residues into the hydrophobic helix face of KLW was more effective at disrupting the alpha-helical structure and bacterial cell selectivity than incorporation into the hydrophilic helix face or hydrophobic/hydrophilic interface. Tryptophan fluorescence studies of peptide interaction with model membranes indicated that the cell selectivity of KLW-L9-a and KLW-L9,13-a is closely correlated with their selective interactions with negatively charged phospholipids. KLW-L9,13-a, which has two Nala residues in its hydrophobic helix face, showed a random structure in membrane-mimicking conditions. KLW-L9,13-a exhibited the highest selectivity toward bacterial cells, showing no hemolytic activity and no or less cytotoxicity compared with other peptides against four mammalian cell lines. Unlike other model peptides, KLW-L9,13-a caused no or little membrane depolarization in Staphylococcus aureus or lipid flip-flop in negatively charged vesicles. In addition, KLW-L9,13-a caused very little fluorescent dye leakage from negatively charged vesicles. Furthermore, confocal laser-scanning microscopy and DNA-binding assays showed that KLW-L9,13-a probably exerts its antibacterial action by penetrating the bacterial membrane and binding to cytoplasmic compounds (e.g., DNA), resulting in cell death. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the incorporation of two Nala residues into the central position of the hydrophobic helix face of noncell-selective alpha-helical peptides is a promising strategy for the rational design of intracellular, cell-selective antimicrobial peptides.
Structure formation in low-concentrated solutions of cholesterol and ergosterol (2016)

The conformational behavior of biologically important chiral molecules of cholesterol and ergosterol was studied via the method of molecular dynamics. The formation of strings and their absence was experimentally observed in methanol solutions of cholesterol and ergosterol, respectively. It was shown that the intermolecular dynamics of the molecule significantly affects the possibility of structure formation. We proposed an alternative explanation of the functional significance of cholesterol, which is apparently associated with the formation of commutation structures outside the membrane, and the biological feasibility of the presence of ergosterol in the non-commuting cells of fungi and cholesterol in the commuting cells of macroorganisms.
Mapping out the in-plane spin wave modes of constriction based spin Hall nano-oscillators (2018)

We experimentally study the auto-oscillating spin wave modes in NiFe/β-W constriction-based spin Hall nano-oscillators versus bias current, in-plane applied field strength, and azimuthal angle. We ...
Comparative mutagenesis and interaction between near-ultraviolet (313- to 405-nm) and far-ultraviolet (254-nm) radiation in Escherichia coli strains with differing repair capabilities (1981)

Comparative mutagenesis and possible synergistic interaction between broad-spectrum (313- to 405-nm) near-ultraviolet (black light bulb [BLB]) radiation and 254-nm radiation were studied in Escherichia coli strains WP2 (wild type), WP2s (uvrA), WP10 (recA), WP6 (polA), WP6s (polA uvrA), WP100 (uvrA recA), and WP5 (lexA). With BLB radiation, strains WP2s and WP6s demonstrated a high level of mutagenesis, whereas strains WP2, WP5, WP6, WP10, and WP100 did not demonstrate significant mutagenesis. In contrast, 254-nm radiation was mutagenic in strains WP2, WP2s, WP6, and WP6s, but strains WP5, WP10, and WP100 were not significantly mutated. The absence of mutagenesis by BLB radiation in lexA and recA strains WP10, WP5, and WP100 suggests that lex+ rec+ repair may play a major role in mutagenesis by both BLB and 254-nm radiation. The hypothesis that BLB radiation selectively inhibits rec+ lex+ repair was tested by sequential BLB-254-nm radiation. With strain WP2, a fluence of 30 J/m2 at 254 nm induced trp+ revertants at a frequency of 15 X 10(-6). However, when 10(5) J/m2 or more of BLB radiation preceded the 254-nm exposure, no trp+ revertants could be detected. A similar inhibition of 254-nm mutagenesis was observed with strain WP6 (polA). However, strains WP2s (uvrA) and wP6s (polA uvrA) showed enhanced 254-nm mutagenesis when a prior exposure to BLB radiation was given.
Land Cover Mapping Using Ensemble Feature Selection Methods (2008)

Ensemble classification is an emerging approach to land cover mapping whereby the final classification output is a result of a consensus of classifiers. Intuitively, an ensemble system should consist of base classifiers which are diverse i.e. classifiers whose decision boundaries err differently. In this paper ensemble feature selection is used to impose diversity in ensembles. The features of the constituent base classifiers for each ensemble were created through an exhaustive search algorithm using different separability indices. For each ensemble, the classification accuracy was derived as well as a diversity measure purported to give a measure of the inensemble diversity. The correlation between ensemble classification accuracy and diversity measure was determined to establish the interplay between the two variables. From the findings of this paper, diversity measures as currently formulated do not provide an adequate means upon which to constitute ensembles for land cover mapping.
Design of New Drugs for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease Based on Tacrine Structure (2013)

Tacrine was the first drug approved by FDA for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. However, its use was restricted in function of side effects observed in some patients. Investigations on the structural basis by which tacrine inhibits cholinesterases activity brought new perspectives for the design of more potent analogs with fewer side effects. This review discusses the recent advances on the development of tacrine-structure-based compounds capable to target multiple molecules involved in Alzheimer’s disease. Detailed information on strategies of molecular modifications commonly used in medicinal chemistry, such as bioisosterism, hybridization, dimerization and simplification is presented as well. Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, tacrine, bioisosterism, dimerization, hybridization, molecular simplification, multi target directed ligands
La transmisión de roles de género y estereotipos de la mujer a través de los videojuegos (2017)

Treball Final de Grau en Humanitats: Estudis Interculturals. Codi: HU1036. Curs academic: 2016/2017
Delay in diagnosis of cancer as a patient safety issue - a root cause analysis based on a representative case report (2011)

It is well known in the literature that imaging has almost no value for diagnosis of superficial bladder cancer. However, wide gap exists between knowledge on diagnosis of bladder cancer and actual clinical practice. Delay in diagnosis of bladder cancer in a male person with tetraplegia occurred because of reliance on negative flexible cystoscopy and single biopsy, negative ultrasound examination of urinary bladder, and computerised tomography of pelvis. Difficulties in scheduling cystoscopy also contributed to a delay of nearly ten months between the onset of haematuria and establishing a histological diagnosis of vesical malignancy in this patient. The time interval between transurethral resection and cystectomy was 42 days. This delay was mainly due to scheduling of surgery. We learn from this case that doctors should be aware of the limitations of negative flexible cystoscopy and single biopsy, cytology of urine, ultrasound examination of urinary bladder, and computed tomography of pelvis for diagnosis of bladder cancer in spinal cord injury patients. Random bladder biopsies must be considered under general anaesthesia when there is high suspicion of bladder cancer. Spinal cord injury patients with lesions above T-6 may develop autonomic dysreflexia; therefore, one should be extremely well prepared to prevent or manage autonomic dysreflexia when performing cystoscopy and bladder biopsy. Spinal cord injury patients, who pass blood in urine, should be accorded top priority in scheduling of investigations and surgical procedures.
ChemInform Abstract: Tetra‐n‐butylammonium Iodide Catalyzed C—H Azidation of Aldehydes with Thermally Stable Azidobenziodoxolone. (2016)

Abstract The process succeeds using various aryl and alkyl aldehydes, and the products are isolated in moderate yields as the corresponding methyl carbamates obtained via Curtius‐rearrangement.
Draft Genome Sequence of Bowmanella denitrificans JL63, a Bacterium Isolated from Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) That Can Inhibit the Growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (2018)

<i>Bowmanella denitrificans</i> strain JL63 was isolated from a whiteleg shrimp (<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>) and was determined to have antibacterial activity against an acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) strain of <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> Here, we report the draft genome sequence of this strain and identify genes that are potentially involved in its antibacterial activity.
Effects of surgical stress on natural killer activity, proliferative response of spleen cells and cytostatic activity of lung macrophages in rats. (1981)

The effects of surgical procedures such as thoracotomy and/or laparotomy on natural killer (NK) activity, proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) of spleen cells and cytostatic activity of lung macrophages were investigated in rats. NK activities of rats that had undergone the surgical procedures were significantly depressed on day 1. By day 7, NK activity in the thoracotomy group exceeded that of normal rats, while the activity in the laparotomy group was similar to that in normal rats. However, NK activity in the laparothoracotomy group remained depressed. Spleen cell proliferative response to PHA was also significantly depressed on day 1 in all groups, and in the laparothoracotomy group, a depressed response was still apparent on day 14. The cytostatic activities of lung macrophages were significantly reduced in thoracotomy groups, but the effect was rather slight in the laparotomy group. It is likely that the extensive surgical stress of laparothoracotomy can depress the host's immunological reactivity and furthermore result in an enhancement of tumor growth.
Extraction of keyterms by simple text mining for business information retrieval (2005)

Much of business information is text and the information is subject to frequent changes. The use of efficient and effective mechanisms to retrieve required business information is a key to business success, and automated processing of text to extract key terms is an essential component of such an information retrieval (IR) system. Traditional text processing methods based on complex linguistic or statistic techniques are not efficient in dealing with frequently changing business information and do not necessarily provide satisfying IR results. We propose a simple method to extract important terms (keyterms) from text for application in different aspects of IR and show through experimentation that its performance is comparable to or better than complex methods.
High-Flux Entanglement Sources using Periodically-Poled Nonlinear Crystals (2002)

Entangled photons are essential in many quantum information applications such as quantum communications, implementation of quantum computation algorithms, and cryptographic key distributions. Typically UV-pumped optical parametric downconversion in a thin angle-phase-matched beta barium borate (BBO) crystal produces spatially-separated, entangled photon pairs that are emitted in a cone.