gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mucilaginibacter oryzae sp. nov., isolated from soil of a rice paddy (2009)

A Gram-negative-staining, non-spore-forming bacterium devoid of flagella, designated strain B9(T), was isolated from rice paddy soil associated with the roots of Oryza sativa collected from Jinju, South Korea. Cells were straight rods, were catalase- and oxidase-positive and were able to hydrolyse pectin, xylan and laminarin. Growth of strain B9(T) was observed between 15 and 35 degrees C (optimum 25-30 degrees C) and between pH 5.0 and 8.0 (optimum pH 6.5-7.5). Strain B9(T) contained menaquinone-7 (MK-7) as a major isoprenoid quinone and summed feature 3 (C(16 : 1)omega7c and/or iso-C(15 : 0) 2-OH), iso-C(15 : 0) and C(16 : 0) as major fatty acids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 44.4 mol%. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain B9(T) belonged to the genus Mucilaginibacter, a member of the family Sphingobacteriaceae, and was most closely related to Mucilaginibacter kameinonensis SCK(T) (95.9 % sequence similarity). On the basis of chemotaxonomic data and molecular properties, strain B9(T) represents a novel species of the genus Mucilaginibacter, for which the name Mucilaginibacter oryzae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is B9(T) (=KACC 12816(T) =DSM 19975(T)).
Ballistic electron emission spectroscopy of magnetic multilayers (abstract) (1997)

The giant magnetoresistance observed in magnetic multilayers arises from spin-dependent scattering and transmission of electrons at the Fermi energy. We will describe a method for the measurement of these quantities in a “CPP” geometry at electron energies both above and below the Fermi energy. Initial results will also be presented. The measurements employ ballistic electron emission spectroscopy (BEES) to detect the ballistic electron current transmitted through a multilayer as a function of magnetic field and electron energy. The experiments are similar in concept to the “spin–valve transistor,”1 except that the injector is the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope. This allows the injection energy to be varied over a wide range, and spectra can be correlated with the local surface morphology on a nanometer scale. Spectral broadening due to sample inhomogeneities is also eliminated. We anticipate that BEES measurements and complementary scanning tunneling spectroscopy will provide information that is easily compared with calculations of the multilayer band structure and the electron transmittance versus energy.
The Probability Density Function of Rain Rate and the Estimation of Rainfall by Area Integrals (1994)

A database on the rain rate collected with disdrometers at various sites located from the middle to tropical latitudes is used to analyze the variations of the parameters of the probability density function of rain rate P(R). Experimental evidence shows that 〈R〉, the area-average rain rate, and F(τ), the fractional area occupied by rain rate exceeding a fixed threshold τ, are highly linearly related; that is, 〈R〉 = S(τ)F(τ), with R > τ. From the values of P(R), the variations of the proportionality factor S(τ) are computed. The P(R) can be represented by a lognormal distribution; the parameters of that distribution, the average mR and the variance σ2R, are shown to be very tightly linked by the relation σ2R = 5m2R. This is one of the reasons for the stability of S(τ). Using this relation, analytical expressions of P(R) and S(τ) as functions of mR only are proposed. Varying the integration time used for R measurements between 1 and 5 min does not significantly modify the parameters of P(R) or the computed S(τ) values.
Pyrrolidone ligand improved Cu‐based catalysts with high performance for acetylene hydrochlorination (2020)

A series of Cu‐pyrrolidone/spherical activated carbon (SAC) catalysts were prepared via a simple incipient wetness impregnation method and then assessed in acetylene hydrochlorination, and the catalytic evaluation result indicated that the 1‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidinone (NMP) ligand was found to be the most effective one to significantly improve the activity and stability of Cu catalyst. The catalyst with the optimal molar ratio of NMP/Cu = 0.25 showed 94.2% acetylene conversion at 180°C and an acetylene gas hourly space velocity of 180 h −1 . Moreover, the acetylene conversion of Cu‐0.25NMP/SAC remained stable over 99.1% for about 220 h under the industrial condition. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses proved that NMP ligand improved the dispersion of Cu species. In addition, hydrogen temperature‐programmed reduction (H 2 ‐TPR), X‐ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunner–Emmet–Teller (BET) indicated that the additive of NMP was preferential to stabilize the catalytic active Cu + and Cu 2+ species and inhibit the reduction of Cu α+ to Cu 0 during the preparation process and reaction, hence restraining the coke deposition. Furthermore, the steady coordination structure between Cu and NMP was confirmed by Fourier‐transform infrared spectra (FT‐IR) and Raman combining with density functional theory (DFT) calculation, which could effectively lower the adsorption energy of catalyst for C 2 H 2 and inhibit the serious carbon deposition caused by excessive acetylene self‐accumulation. Our findings suggest that the efficient, well‐stabilized cost‐effective, and environmentally friendly Cu catalyst has great potential in acetylene hydrochlorination.
Apparent Dissociation Constants of Haloaralkylamines (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTApparent Dissociation Constants of HaloaralkylaminesSeymour L. Shapiro, Elaine S. Isaacs, Victor. Bandurco, and Louis. FreedmanCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1962, 5, 4, 793–799Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm01239a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jm01239a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views101Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A critical examination of the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) sedimentation test for wheat meals (2007)

Abstract Sedimentation tests have long been used to characterise wheat flours and meals with the aim of predicting processing and end‐product qualities. However, the use of the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) sedimentation test for durum wheat (AACC International Approved Method 56–70) has not been characterised for hexaploid wheat varieties with a diverse range of protein quality and quantity. This paper reports the variation associated with important method parameters: sample weight, SDS concentration, technician, grinder and screen aperture (particle size). Sedimentation volumes were recorded every 5 min for 30 min and expressed as specific volume, i.e. sediment volume in mL g −1 meal. Ten diverse hexaploid wheat samples of markedly different protein quality and quantity were examined. The SDS sedimentation assay was shown to be highly robust and reproducible, with ANOVA (analysis of variance) model R 2 values greater than 0.98 (individual time points). The procedure delineated soft and hard hexaploid wheat samples based on a combination of protein quantity and quality. Sample weight (if corrected to unit weight basis), recording time of at least 10 min, SDS stock concentration of at least 10 g L −1 (final), grinder type and screen aperture were minor sources of variation in SDS sedimentation volume relative to the effects due to differences among wheat samples. Interactions among ANOVA model terms were of relatively minor importance. Published in 2007 by This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Enantiopure C1-Symmetric Bis(imino)pyridine Cobalt Complexes for Asymmetric Alkene Hydrogenation (2012)

Enantiopure C(1)-symmetric bis(imino)pyridine cobalt chloride, methyl, hydride, and cyclometalated complexes have been synthesized and characterized. These complexes are active as catalysts for the enantioselective hydrogenation of geminal-disubstituted olefins.
Semi-supervised feature selection under logistic I-RELIEF framework (2008)

We consider feature selection in the semi-supervised learning setting. This problem is rarely addressed in the literature. We propose a new algorithm as a natural extension of the recently developed Logistic I-RELIEF algorithm. The basic idea of the proposed algorithm is to modify the objective function of Logistic I-RELIEF to include the margins of unlabeled samples by following the large margin principle. Experimental results on artificial and benchmark datasets are presented to demonstrate the viability of the newly proposed method.
Effect of age on the duration and extent of amyloid plaque reduction and microglial activation after injection of anti‐Aβ antibody into the third ventricle of TgCRND8 mice (2004)

We have previously shown that anti beta-amyloid (Abeta) antibody injected into the third ventricle of mice is distributed throughout the brain within 24 hr and is completely washed out of brain within 36 hr after injection and that, in Tg2576 animals, a single injection of antibody reduces cerebral Abeta and restores presynaptic deficits 1 month after injection without producing hemorrhage or inflammation at an early plaque stage. Here we report the effects of a single ICV injection of anti-Abeta antibody on cerebral levels of immunoreactive Abeta and of microglial activation measured by immunoreactive interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) at 1, 4, and 8 weeks after injections in TgCRND8 mice at two ages, 2 months (sparse plaques) and 8 months (abundant plaques). The data show that parenchymal amyloid accumulates before cerebral microvascular amyloid and that a single ICV injection reduces only parenchymal amyloid by about 70%, without affecting vascular amyloid, and reduces microglial activation by 46-60% at 1 week after injection. The reappearance of plaques after antibody injection takes 4-8 weeks, whereas plaque-associated focal microglial activation begins increasing between 1 and 4 weeks, suggesting that accumulation of nonfibrillar oligomeric Abeta may account for the earlier onset of microglial activation. No perivascular hemorrhage or inflammation was observed. These results suggest that periodic intraventricular administration of anti-Abeta is a potentially useful method for rapid reduction of both preexisting amyloid load and associated inflammation, providing a window of 4 weeks' duration for possible pharmacological cotreatment(s) to prevent de novo Abeta formation. This ICV method of passive immunization may be safer than active immunization, which has been known to produce encephalitis, or systemic passive immunization, which exposes amyloid-laden cerebral microvasculature to high levels of antibody in the blood and the potential of perivascular hemorrhages.
Efficient Neural Vision Systems Based on Convolutional Image Acquisition (2020)

Despite the substantial progress made in deep learning in recent years, advanced approaches remain computationally intensive. The trade-off between accuracy and computation time and energy limits their use in real-time applications on low power and other resource-constrained systems. In this paper, we tackle this fundamental challenge by introducing a hybrid optical-digital implementation of a convolutional neural network (CNN) based on engineering of the point spread function (PSF) of an optical imaging system. This is done by coding an imaging aperture such that its PSF replicates a large convolution kernel of the first layer of a pre-trained CNN. As the convolution takes place in the optical domain, it has zero cost in terms of energy consumption and has zero latency independent of the kernel size. Experimental results on two datasets demonstrate that our approach yields more than two orders of magnitude reduction in the computational cost while achieving near-state-of-the-art accuracy, or equivalently, better accuracy at the same computational cost.
Vigilance et Transport Aspects Fondamentaux Dégradation et Prévention. (1995)

La securite dans les transports beneficie depuis longtemps d'efforts soutenus pour l'amelioration des infrastructures et des vehicules. Mais recemment en France et dans le monde, les responsables de la securite routiere ont decide de consacrer davantage d'attention et de moyens aux facteurs humains. Parmi les nombreux sujets de recherches qui se sont developpes, la vigilance tient une place importante, compte tenu de son interet scientifique et de son utilite sociale. Cet ouvrage presente 43 articles consacres aux divers aspects de la vigilance, des facteurs de degradation et des moyens de prevention. Il s'articule autour de 4 themes : l'alcool, les drogues et les medicaments, les rythmes biologiques, la detection automatique des baisses de vigilance.(A)
Wholly Aromatic Ether-imides. Potential Materials for n-Type Semiconductors (2002)

We report on the synthesis and characterization of a novel series low-molar-mass ether-imide rod-shaped model compounds. All ether-imides were obtained by terminating the appropriate rigid core dianhydride, i.e. pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NDA), 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA), and 3,3,4,4'-oxydiphthalic dianhydride (ODPA) with three flexible aryl-ether tails of different chain length. The mono-functional aryl-ether amines, i.e. 4-(3-phenoxy-phenoxy)-phenylamine (2) and 4-(3-phenoxy-3-phenoxy-phenoxy)-phenylamine (4), were synthesized using standard fluoro-displacement and Ullmann condensation techniques. The corresponding ether-imide model compounds were obtained in high yields using a one-step solution imidization procedure. Increasing the number of meta-substituted aryl-ether units reduces the melt transition temperatures and at the same time it increases the solubility of the model compounds. Most model compounds are crystalline solids and form isotropic melts upon heating. 2,7-Bis-(-4-phenoxy-phenyl)-benzo[Imn][3,8]phenanthroline1,3,6,8-tetraone (NDA-n0), however, displays a smectic A (SA) when cooled from the isotropic phase, followed by what appears to be either a highly ordered smectic phase or a, columnar phase. This is the first example, known to date, in which a mesophase is detected in a wholly aromatic ether-imide compound. For all compounds we present spectroscopic data and X-ray diffraction data. Cyclic voltammetry was used to determine the redox behavior and pertinent energy levels of the model compounds.
Structural Determinants of the β-Selectivity of a Bacterial Aminotransferase (2012)

Chiral β-amino acids occur as constituents of various natural and synthetic compounds with potentially useful bioactivities. The pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent S-selective transaminase from Mesorhizobium sp. strain LUK (MesAT) is a fold type I aminotransferase that can be used for the preparation of enantiopure β-Phe and derivatives thereof. Using x-ray crystallography, we solved structures of MesAT in complex with (S)-β-Phe, (R)-3-amino-5-methylhexanoic acid, 2-oxoglutarate, and the inhibitor 2-aminooxyacetic acid, which allowed us to unveil the molecular basis of the amino acid specificity and enantioselectivity of this enzyme. The binding pocket of the side chain of a β-amino acid is located on the 3'-oxygen side of the PLP cofactor. The same binding pocket is utilized by MesAT to bind the α-carboxylate group of an α-amino acid. A β-amino acid thus binds in a reverse orientation in the active site of MesAT compared with an α-amino acid. Such a binding mode has not been reported before for any PLP-dependent aminotransferase and shows that the active site of MesAT has specifically evolved to accommodate both β- and α-amino acids.
Targeting influenza virosomes to ovarian carcinoma cells (2001)

Reconstituted influenza virus envelopes (virosomes) containing the viral hemagglutinin (HA) have attracted attention as delivery vesicles for cytosolic drug delivery as they possess membrane fusion activity. Here, we show that influenza virosomes can be targeted towards ovarian carcinoma cells (OVCAR-3) with preservation of fusion activity. This was achieved by incorporating poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-derivatized lipids into the virosome membrane. This PEG layer serves as shield to prevent interaction of HA with ubiquitous sialic acid residues and as spatial anchor for antibody attachment. Coupling of Fab' fragments of mAb 323/A3 (anti-epithelial glycoprotein-2) to the distal ends of PEG lipids resulted in specific binding of virosomes to OVCAR-3 cells. These antibody-redirected virosomes fused with membranes of OVCAR-3 cells in a pH-dependent fashion.
STEP trial and HIV-1 vaccines inducing T-cell responses (2008)

Recombinant, nonreplicating, human adenovirus serotype 5-vectored vaccine, known as MRKAd5, expressing three HIV-1 clade B-derived internal proteins when used in a homologous immunization regimen, did not decrease HIV-1 infection rate nor postinfection virus load in the first Phase IIb proof-of-concept trial. However, the vaccine did not reach the limits of vaccine T-cell induction and its design can be improved both from the point of the HIV-1-derived immunogens and their delivery. Therefore, failure of the first experimental HIV-1 vaccine focusing on induction of T-cell responses cannot be a reason for dismissal of the whole T-cell vaccine concept, nor for losing a positive attitude toward systematic HIV-1 vaccine development.
Cryogenic positioning and alignment with micrometer precision in a magnetic resonance force microscope (2018)

Aligning a microcantilever to an area of interest on a sample is a critical step in many scanning probe microscopy experiments, particularly those carried out on devices and rare, precious samples. We report a series of protocols that rapidly and reproducibly align a high-compliance microcantilever to a <10 μm sample feature under high vacuum and at cryogenic temperatures. The first set of protocols, applicable to a cantilever oscillating parallel to the sample surface, involve monitoring the cantilever resonance frequency while laterally scanning the tip to map the sample substrate through electrostatic interactions of the substrate with the cantilever. We demonstrate that when operating a cantilever a few micrometers from the sample surface, large shifts in the cantilever resonance frequency are present near the edges of a voltage-biased sample electrode. Surprisingly, these "edge-finder" frequency shifts are retained when the electrode is coated with a polymer film and a ∼10 nm thick metallic ground plane. The second series of methods, applicable to any scanning probe microscopy experiment, integrate a single-optical fiber to image line scans of the sample surface. The microscope modifications required for these methods are straightforward to implement, provide reliable micrometer-scale positioning, and decrease the experimental setup time from days to hours in a vacuum, cryogenic magnetic resonance force microscope.
Photoluminescence Behavior of BaAl[sub 12]O[sub 19]:Mn Phosphor Prepared by Pseudocombinatorial Chemistry Method (2000)

A relatively detailed search for the optimum composition of phosphor was achieved by the pseudocombinatorial chemistry method (PCCM). The optimum ratio of BaO to was first found in terms of emission. As a result, the maximum luminance was obtained at the ratio of 1.3/6. Based on the host composition determined as , the optimum content was also obtained to be 0.3 mol. Consequently the final composition was determined to be . In parallel, was also taken into consideration as a co‐dopant, which enhances UV absorption efficiency, and simultaneously the energy transfer between and was investigated in terms of and concentration. The decay analysis based on a diffusion‐controlled quenching scheme also carried out to get an insight into the exact quenching mechanism of centers in host. © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Low numbers of cytokine transcripts drive inflammatory skin diseases by initiating amplification cascades in localized epidermal clusters (2021)

Abstract Abundant polyclonal T cells infiltrate chronic inflammatory diseases and characterization of these cells is needed to distinguish disease-driving from bystander immune cells. Here, we investigated 52,000 human cutaneous transcriptomes of non-communicable inflammatory skin diseases (ncISD) using spatial transcriptomics. Despite the expected T cell infiltration, we observed only 1-10 pathogenic T cell cytokine per skin section. Cytokine expression was limited to lesional skin and presented in a disease-specific pattern. In fact, we identified responder signatures in direct proximity of cytokines, and showed that single cytokine transcripts initiate amplification cascades of thousands of specific responder transcripts forming localized epidermal clusters. Thus, within the abundant and polyclonal T cell infiltrates of ncISD, only a few T cells drive disease by initiating an inflammatory amplification cascade in their local microenvironment.
Supplementary Data Table S1 from Follicular Lymphoma–associated BTK Mutations are Inactivating Resulting in Augmented AKT Activation (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Mutations and associated characteristics of 10 FL cases with BTK mutations&lt;/p&gt;
LLR Approximation for Wireless Channels Based on Taylor Series and Its Application to BICM with LDPC Codes (2011)

A new approach for the approximation of the channel log-likelihood ratio (LLR) for wireless channels based on Taylor series is proposed. The approximation is applied to the uncorrelated flat Rayleigh fading channel with unknown channel state information at the receiver. It is shown that the proposed approximation greatly simplifies the calculation of channel LLRs, and yet provides results almost identical to those based on the exact calculation of channel LLRs. The results are obtained in the context of bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) schemes with low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, and include threshold calculations and error rate performance of finite-length codes. Compared to the existing approximations, the proposed method is either significantly less complex, or considerably more accurate.