gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective roles for antiapoptotic MCL-1 during granulocyte development and macrophage effector function (2008)

During hematopoiesis, myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL-1) mediates the survival of bone marrow progenitors and lymphocytes. However, its requirement during myeloid cell differentiation, development, and effector function is less clear. Lineage-specific deletion of MCL-1 in myeloid precursors results in neutropenia due to death during differentiation. The loss of mature neutrophils induced by Mcl-1 deletion was not rescued by genetic deletion of proapoptotic Bim and Puma or by exogenous cytokine treatment. However, blockade of intrinsic apoptosis by lineage-specific deletion of both multidomain proapoptotics Bax and Bak was capable of rescuing the neutropenia associated with Mcl-1 deletion. In the monocytic lineage, despite efficient Mcl-1 deletion, monocytes and macrophages undergo normal development. During the phagocytosis of extracellular bacteria, macrophages concomitantly increase the expression of both MCL-1 and BIM. However, Mcl-1-deficient macrophages exhibit increased sensitivity to death during bacterial phagocytosis that can be abolished by codeletion of Bim. These data suggest that MCL-1 may be necessary to antagonize BIM during macrophage effector responses. Thus, MCL-1 plays selective roles in myeloid development, being required for neutrophil development and setting the threshold for apoptosis during a macrophage effector response.
Complex Interplay of Factors in Institutional Model of Decentralization: Theory and Application (2013)

The Institutional Model of Decentralization (IMD) is elaborated and used to explain two&#13;\nthings: first, how the hypothesized improvements in efficiency and growth after&#13;\ndecentralization may fail to materialize; second, how the interplay among economic,&#13;\nadministrative and institutional factors affect the welfare outcome of decentralization,&#13;\ngiven the widespread local capture following political decentralization. Rather than&#13;\nexerting direct effects, however, the mechanism is complex, involving intangibles and&#13;\nfeedback effects. When applied to actual cases in some regions, a particular method&#13;\ncapable of capturing complex inter-relations and quantifying intangibles is therefore used.&#13;\nIt is revealed that people’s participation plays the most critical role in reducing capture&#13;\nwhile simultaneously maximizing welfare. As the quality of local leaders is found to be&#13;\ndecisive in influencing the outcome, a typology of leaders is subsequently constructed
Silicon photonics based switching technology for telecom, datacom and computercom (2015)

This paper presents our recent works on the silicon photonics based switching technology, the key to scale the emerging flexible network technologies for saving cost and energy as well as enhancing capacity of ICT infrastructures.
Sparse Overcomplete Word Vector Representations (2015)

Current distributed representations of words show little resemblance to theories of lexical semantics. The former are dense and uninterpretable, the latter largely based on familiar, discrete classes (e.g., supersenses) and relations (e.g., synonymy and hypernymy). We propose methods that transform word vectors into sparse (and optionally binary) vectors. The resulting representations are more similar to the interpretable features typically used in NLP, though they are discovered automatically from raw corpora. Because the vectors are highly sparse, they are computationally easy to work with. Most importantly, we find that they outperform the original vectors on benchmark tasks.
Highly Efficient and Reliable Transparent Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Film (2018)

Electromagnetic protection in optoelectronic instruments such as optical windows and electronic displays is challenging because of the essential requirements of a high optical transmittance and an electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE). Herein, we demonstrate the creation of an efficient transparent EMI shielding film that is composed of calcium alginate (CA), silver nanowires (AgNWs), and polyurethane (PU), via a facile and low-cost Mayer-rod coating method. The CA/AgNW/PU film with a high optical transmittance of 92% achieves an EMI SE of 20.7 dB, which meets the requirements for commercial shielding applications. A superior EMI SE of 31.3 dB could be achieved, whereas the transparent film still maintains a transmittance of 81%. The integrated efficient EMI SE and high transmittance are superior to those of most previously reported transparent EMI shielding materials. Moreover, our transparent films exhibit a highly reliable shielding ability in a complex service environment, with 98 and 96% EMI SE retentions even after 30 min of ultrasound treatment and 5000 bending cycles (1.5 mm radius), respectively. The comprehensive performance that is associated with the facile fabrication strategy imparts the CA/AgNW/PU film with great potential as an optimized EMI shielding material in emerging optoelectronic devices, such as flexible solar cells, displays, and touch panels.
Structure of a novel pectate lyase fromAzospirillum irakense (2002)

Pectate lyases are the major pectinases that play a key role in the development of the soft-rot disease. Besides in phytopathogens, pectin depolymerization has also been reported in non-pathogenic plant associated bacteria such as the N2fixing endosymbiont Rhizobium and the N2-fixing soil bacterium Azospirillum irakense. A gene from A. irakense encoding a pectate lyase (termed PelA) was isolated by heterologous expression of the gene in Escherichia coli. Analysis of the corresponding amino acid sequence revealed no homology to other bacterial, plant and fungal pectinases leading to the classification of the enzyme in a new pectate lyase family (family 10). The A. irakense PelA has been crystallized using the hanging-drop vapor diffusion method at 277K. These crystals are hexagonal with cell dimensions of a = b = 85.55 , c = 230.13 , = 120, and space group P6522 having one molecule per asymmetric unit2. Diffraction data to a resolution of 1.97 were collected at synchrotron facilities, as well as a three-wavelengths MAD data set on a Hg derivate crystal to a resolution of 2.6 . The preliminary structural results show that PelA does not have the characteristic parallel -helix fold of the polysaccharide pectate lyase families. References
Polarization and polarization induced electric field in nitrides - critical evaluation based on DFT studies (2011)

Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were used to evaluate polarity of group III nitrides, such as aluminum nitride (AlN), gallium nitride (GaN) and indium nitride (InN) providing physically sound quantitative measure of polarity of these materials. Two different approaches to polarization of nitride semiconductors were assessed and the conclusions have been used to develop models. It was shown that Berry phase formulation of the electron related polarization component provides a number of various solutions, different for various selection of the simulated volume. The electronic part gives saw-like pattern for polarization. A total number of these solutions, related to well known scaling of the geometric phase, is equal to the number of valence electrons in the system. Summation with similar pattern for ionic part provides several polarization values. Standard dipole density formulation depends on the selection of the simulation volume in periodic continuous way. Using a condition of continuous embedding into the infinite medium, and simultaneously, the zero surface charge representation at crystal boundary provides to physically sound solution. This solution is corresponding to maximal and minimal polarization values and also corresponds to different physical termination of the crystal surfaces, either bare or covered by complementary atoms. This change leads to polarization and electric field reversal. The polarization and related fields in finite size systems were obtained.
Flow‐Based Enzymatic Ligation by Sortase A (2014)

Sortase-mediated ligation (sortagging) is a versatile, powerful strategy for protein modification. Because the sortase reaction reaches equilibrium, a large excess of polyglycine nucleophile is often employed to drive the reaction forward and suppress sortase-mediated side reactions. A flow-based sortagging platform employing immobilized sortase A within a microreactor was developed that permits efficient sortagging at low nucleophile concentrations. The platform was tested with several reaction partners and used to generate a protein bioconjugate inaccessible by solution-phase batch sortagging.
Results of a Zika Virus (ZIKV) Immunoglobulin M–Specific Diagnostic Assay Are Highly Correlated With Detection of Neutralizing Anti-ZIKV Antibodies in Neonates With Congenital Disease (2016)

Among neonates, detection of ZIKV IgM in serum is confirmatory of congenital ZIKV infection, and detection of ZIKV IgM in CSF is confirmatory of neurologic infection. Therefore, we recommend testing for ZIKV IgM in neonates suspected of having congenital ZIKV infection and performance of PRNTs in equivocal cases.
Photolithographic deposition of indium oxide from metalorganic films (1998)

The photochemical deposition of indium oxide films from thin films of indium (III) 2-ethylhexanoate is described. The photolysis of thin films of indium (III) 2-ethylhexanoate results in the fragmentation of the carboxylate ligand and the production of indium along with volatile organic products. When conducted in air, the product of the reaction is indium oxide. Films react depending upon the thickness such that thinner films react more efficiently. This results in a variation in the quantum yield for reaction from near 0.23 for thin films to less than 0.0034 for thicker films. This effect is interpreted as due to partial order within the amorphous precursor film resulting in a lower photosensitivity. Films constructed of indium (III) 2-ethylhexanoate were used to deposit lines of less than 2 micron feature size lithographically using a contact mask.
Efficient conversion of CO2 into cyclic carbonates at room temperature catalyzed by Al-salen and imidazolium hydrogen carbonate ionic liquids (2020)

Synthesis of cyclic carbonates from CO<sub>2</sub> and epoxides at room temperature in the absence of a solvent has been achieved by using Al-salen complexes as catalysts and imidazolium hydrogen carbonate ionic liquids as cocatalysts.
<title>Initial experience with a prototype clinical intelligent mammography workstation for computer-aided diagnosis</title> (1995)

This paper reports on the preliminary results of an on-going prospective evaluation of an `intelligent' mammography workstation. This workstation can provide to radiologists a `second opinion' as to the location of suspicious lesions on mammograms. The workstation consists of a high speed computer, film digitizer, image archive, and both hard and soft copy output. Running on the workstation are automated computerized schemes for the detection of breast masses and clustered microcalcifications. In the current study, all screening mammograms are digitized on the workstation and then analyzed by the computerized schemes. The preliminary results for the first 37 days (573 patients) have been analyzed. Although follow-up to establish truth has not been done for all patients, the two schemes detected the lesion in 10 of the 14 patients who had a `suspicious' lesion present mammographically. Three of the lesions missed by the computer were found to be benign either at biopsy or after further work-up, and the fourth one is scheduled for further work-up. For two patients, a cluster of microcalcifications was detected by the computerized scheme that was initially missed by the radiologist. The false positive rate was 1.2 false masses and 0.87 false clusters per image. Over 70% of the false positive masses were caused by nodular densities and approximately 50% of the false cluster included obviously benign calcifications. The results from this ongoing study will be used to plan a full-scale clinical study.
Multi-exposure high dynamic range image synthesis with camera shake correction (2017)

Machine vision plays an important part in industrial online inspection. Owing to the nonuniform illuminance conditions and variable working distances, the captured image tends to be over-exposed or under-exposed. As a result, when processing the image such as crack inspection, the algorithm complexity and computing time increase. Multiexposure high dynamic range (HDR) image synthesis is used to improve the quality of the captured image, whose dynamic range is limited. Inevitably, camera shake will result in ghost effect, which blurs the synthesis image to some extent. However, existed exposure fusion algorithms assume that the input images are either perfectly aligned or captured in the same scene. These assumptions limit the application. At present, widely used registration based on Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) is usually time consuming. In order to rapidly obtain a high quality HDR image without ghost effect, we come up with an efficient Low Dynamic Range (LDR) images capturing approach and propose a registration method based on ORiented Brief (ORB) and histogram equalization which can eliminate the illumination differences between the LDR images. The fusion is performed after alignment. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed method is robust to illumination changes and local geometric distortion. Comparing with other exposure fusion methods, our method is more efficient and can produce HDR images without ghost effect by registering and fusing four multi-exposure images.
Real-Time Implementation of Model Predictive Control on Maricopa-Stanfield Irrigation and Drainage District’s WM Canal (2010)

Water resources are limited in many agricultural areas. One method to improve the effective use of water is to improve delivery service from irrigation canals. This can be done by applying automatic control methods that control the gates in an irrigation canal. The model predictive control (MPC) is one such advanced control method. In this article, the MPC is used to deliver irrigation water to the WM Canal at the Maricopa-Stanfield Irrigation and Drainage District. The tests show that the water is efficiently delivered to the users and water level deviations at all locations are small. The control is compared to the results from an advanced Linear Quadratic Regulator control method, also tested on the actual canal.
Humidity Profiles over the Ocean (1991)

The distribution of water vapor in the atmosphere affects climate change through radiative balance and surface evaporation. The variabilities of atmospheric humidity profile over oceans from daily to interannual time scales were examined using nine years of daily and semidaily radiosonde soundings at island stations extending from the Arctic to the South Pacific. The relative humidity profiles were found to have considerable temporal and geographic variabilities, contrary to the prevalent assumption. Principal component analysis on the profiles of specific humidity were used to examine the applicability of a relation between the surface-level humidity and the integrated water vapor; this relation has been used to estimate large-scale evaporation from satellite data. The first principal component was found to correlate almost perfectly with the integrated water vapor. The fractional variance represented by this mode increases with increasing period. It reaches approximately 90% at two weeks and decreases sharply, below one week, down to approximately 60% at the daily period. At low frequencies, the integrated water vapor appeared to be an adequate estimator of the humidity profile and the surface-level humidity. At periods shorter than a week, more than one independent estimator is needed. High-frequency surface humidity can be estimated if additional information on the vertical structure of the humidity profile is available or if the integrated water vapor in the boundary layer, instead of the entire atmospheric column, can be measured accurately by spaceborne sensors.
Inherited Colorectal Cancer - validation of molecular diagnosis by Next Generation Sequencing (2015)

Introduction:Colorectal cancer is the third major cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Around 5% of these cases are due to Inherited Colorectal Cancer (ICC) associated with highly penetrant single-gene mutations. Conventional molecular analysis of patients with ICC is well established and usually comprises PCR followed by Sanger sequencing of different genes with autosomal dominant inheritance - MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2 and EPCAM-3’ deletions in Lynch syndrome, APC in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP), or the study of an autosomal recessive condition with colorectal polyps associated with MUTYH variants. As standard molecular methodologies have high costs and are time consuming, they are progressively being replaced by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), which allows the analysis of multiple genes simultaneously and with lower costs compared to Sanger sequencing. In order to validate NGS analysis for a set of genes associated with ICC, we performed NGS in 26 DNA samples from patients previously analysed by Sanger sequencing. Methods: NGS was performed using the Trusight Cancer Sequencing Panel and the MiSeq sequencer (Illumina), followed by bioinformatic analysis of the MLH1, MSH2, APC, MUTYH and STK11 genes using the MiSeq Reporter, VariantStudio and Isaac Enrichment tools. Results: Data analysis revealed 77 variants (31 unique, comprising 4 deletions, 1 insertion, 2 indels and 24 single nucleotide variants). Of these, 76 variants were previously identified by Sanger sequencing. NGS produced a false positive result associated with low coverage in STK11 (c.375-49G>A). Discussion: Results obtained by NGS are consistent with Sanger sequencing and showed high analytical sensitivity and specificity. Therefore after this initial validation, with high repeatability, conventional molecular analysis can be replaced by NGS, allowing us to offer the possibility to screen more genes, at lower costs and with a shorter turnaround time.
P1757 Novel echocardiographic markers as predictors for left ventricular reverse remodeling one year after edge-to-edge mitral valve repair in patients with functional mitral regurgitation (2020)

Abstract Background Percutaneous edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (PMVR) is a safe treatment option for high surgical risk patients with severe functional mitral regurgitation (FMR). Recent trials have proven this method’s efficiency but novel echocardiographic markers such as deformation imaging have never been analyzed in this subgroup of patients. Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze novel echocardiographic parameters in patients treated for FMR and identify predictors of response in patients undergoing PMVR. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 79 consecutive high surgical risk patients (logistic EuroSCORE 21.8 ± 15.2%), with ischemic or dilated cardiomyopathy, reduced EF (31.0 ± 8.5%) and severe functional MR (FMR). Effective regurgitant orifice area (EROA) was measured at 28.8 ± 15.1mm2 and regurgitant volume (RV) at 41.7 ± 18.3ml. At baseline and 1-year after PMVR or optimal medical treatment (OMT) we assessed echocardiographic parameters such as LV global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) and peak left atrial longitudinal strain (PALS), LV end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes (LVESV, LVEDV), LA volume, MR severity along with BNP levels, NYHA class and 6 minute walking distance (6MWT). Results One year after PMVR there was a significant reduction of MR (3.7 ± 0.4 vs 1.7 ± 0.8) and BNP levels (980 ± 1027pg/ml vs 420 ± 338pg/ml, p = 0.005), improvement of NYHA class (3.20 ± 0.55 to 2.0 ± 0.6, P &amp;lt; 0.05) and increase of 6MWD (240 ± 137 to 298 ± 139m, P &amp;lt; 0.01). LA volume and LVEDV were reduced (141 ± 79ml to 114 ± 74ml and 221 ± 74 to 193 ± 62ml respectively) (P &amp;lt; 0.01 for all comparisons). On the other hand, patients treated with OMT didn’t have any change of their MR (3.4 ± 0.5 vs 3.4 ± 0.9), BNP levels (601 ± 652 vs 610 ± 748) or NYHA class status (2.6 ± 0.6 vs 2.4 ± 0.6). Additionally, LA and LV volumes were approximately the same (134 ± 69 vs 141 ± 61ml and 222 ± 64 vs 222 ± 56ml respectively) (p &amp;lt; 0.05 for all comparisons). Baseline LVGLS slightly increased post intervention (-8.5 ± 4.1% vs -9.1 ± 3.7%, r = 0.76, P &amp;lt; 0.01), and was associated with the absolute (r=-0.46, p = 0.01) and percentage difference in LVEDV (r= -0.61, P &amp;lt; 0.01). ROC curve analysis identified a cut-off value for GLS of -7.45% (AUC 0.815, 95% CI: 0.647-0.983; p = 0.007) associated with more than 15% LV reverse remodeling, with a sensitivity and specificity of 71% and 75% respectively. Conclusions Edge-to-edge repair is a safe and effective method for treating patients with functional MR and has a positive clinical impact in patients at one year follow up. A preserved LVGLS seems to be a good predictor of LV reverse modeling post intervention.
Novel subscalp and intracranial devices to wirelessly record and analyze continuous EEG in unsedated, behaving dogs in their natural environments: A new paradigm in canine epilepsy research (2022)

Epilepsy is characterized by unprovoked, recurrent seizures and is a common neurologic disorder in dogs and humans. Roughly 1/3 of canines and humans with epilepsy prove to be drug-resistant and continue to have sporadic seizures despite taking daily anti-seizure medications. The optimization of pharmacologic therapy is often limited by inaccurate seizure diaries and medication side effects. Electroencephalography (EEG) has long been a cornerstone of diagnosis and classification in human epilepsy, but because of several technical challenges has played a smaller clinical role in canine epilepsy. The interictal (between seizures) and ictal (seizure) EEG recorded from the epileptic mammalian brain shows characteristic electrophysiologic biomarkers that are very useful for clinical management. A fundamental engineering gap for both humans and canines with epilepsy has been the challenge of obtaining continuous long-term EEG in the patients' natural environment. We are now on the cusp of a revolution where continuous long-term EEG from behaving canines and humans will be available to guide clinicians in the diagnosis and optimal treatment of their patients. Here we review some of the devices that have recently emerged for obtaining long-term EEG in ambulatory subjects living in their natural environments.
Efficacy of the need ratio for prediction of respiratory condition during sleep following pharygeal flap operation. (1996)

Pharyngeal flap surgery may be used to correct hypernasality following primary palatal closure with a pharyngeal flap to create airway resistance. Obstructive sleep apnea has been reported to be one of the serious complications after operation. However, there has been no report made on how to predict postoperative changes in sleep condition. This article attempts to estimate the possibility of predicting postoperative changes in sleep condition with the need ratio (NR), based on the velopharyngeal distance divided by the velum length, which is obtained from lateral cephalograms taken preoperatively. Fifteen patients who underwent unified velopharyngoplasty to correct velopharyngeal incompetence were selected as subjects. Oxygen saturation during sleep was recorded daily after operation in all subjects. The lowest value of mean SpO2(Lo-SpO2) was considered to be representative of postoperative sleep condition. Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between Lo-SpO2 and NR. It was suggested that NR could be an indicator for postoperative sleep changes.