gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 500-dpi ac capacitive hybrid flip-chip cmos asic/sensor module for fingerprint, navigation, and pointer detection with on-chip data processing (2003)

A fingerprint detection technology that supports navigation, pointer, and fingerprint acquisition is described. The hybrid system consists of a silicon sensor substrate flip-chipped onto a mixed-signal ASIC. The sensor is linear and the finger is swiped over to scan the fingerprint. The navigation and pointer functions are based on the motion detection of the finger on the substrate sensor. Stroking and tapping the sensor substrate surface with the finger determines movement of the cursor and clicking-like mouse. To achieve 500 dpi fingerprint detection accuracy, separate process optimization for both the ASIC and the sensor substrate gives an alternative solution compared with all other silicon sensor approaches. The ASIC is 18 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in 0.25-μm CMOS and the sensor is 105 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Modeling NMR Chemical Shifts in Polymers and Amorphous Matter (1999)

Two theoretical approaches for calculating NMR chemical shift of polymers and its application to structural characterization have been described. One is that model molecules such as dimer, trimer, etc., as a local structure of polymer chains, are in the calculation by combining quantum chemistry and statistical mechanics. This approach has been applied to polymer systems in the solution, amorphous and solid states. Another approach is to employ the tight-binding molecular orbital theory to describe the NMR chemical shift and electronic structure of infinite polymer chains with periodic structure. This approach has been applied to polymer systems in the solid state. These approaches have been successfully applied to structural characterization of polymers
Business models for video clouds (2021)

This chapter deals with the economic foundation of online video clouds. The chapter analyzes the various options for business models, from advertising to subsidies to subscriptions, transactions, profit-sharing, licensing, various inter-industry charges, etc. It analyzes the effectiveness of the various approaches for different types of content, and the implementations by video cloud providers.
ChemInform Abstract: GAMMA‐ALKYLATION OF 2‐BUTYNOIC ACID, A ROUTE TO CONTROLLED PRENOL HOMOLOGATION (1975)

Abstract 2‐Butinsäure (I) reagiert mit dem Li‐Derivat (II) zu einem Dianion (III), das mit 1‐Brom‐3‐methyl‐2‐buten (IV) zu den beiden Carbonsäuren (Va) und (VIa) substituiert wird.
The production mechanism and spectral distribution of K MO X-rays in collisions of 35-200 keV N+-N (1978)

By comparing X-ray spectra from N++NH3 and N++N2 it is shown that the continuum X-rays observed during 35-200 keV N+ on N2 collisions can be interpreted as MO X-rays produced in a two-step process. Spectral distributions have been calculated in the quasi-static approximation and a comparison is made with experiment.
Molecular imaging with optical, magnetic resonance, and radioisotope techniques: potentials and relative limitations (2005)

Summary form only given. Advances in optical techniques of fluorescence and bioluminescence; molecular engineering of tracers or probes for magnetic resonance, ultrasound, and emission tomography have lead to new directions in research and new strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In the last 10 years the resolution, speed, volume of coverage and commercial availability of non-invasive imaging methods have improved many fold and at the same time the contrast resolution for metabolic and functional imaging of the body has shifted the thrust of medical imaging from anatomy to to function and identification of specific molecules and genes by in vivo imaging. The technology advances include photodiode arrays for optical methods, high field magnets proposed to 12 Tesla for functional imaging and multinuclear spectroscopy, 3D ultrasound and positron tomography systems with 2 mm resolution for animals and people. The engineered molecular probes have the potential do image specific enzyme expression and protein receptor patterns specific to diseases such as breast cancer, congestive heart failure, drug addiction and progressive stroke. This presentation will highlight current and future technological advances in the context of major diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, manic depressive diseases, heart failure, spinal vertebrae diseases, breast cancer and prostate cancer.
The Anti‐Parkinson Drug Rasagiline and Its Cholinesterase Inhibitor Derivatives Exert Neuroprotection Unrelated to MAO Inhibition in Cell Culture andin Vivo (2001)

The antiapoptotic and neuroprotective activity of irreversible monoamine oxidase (MAO) B inhibitor, rasagiline [R(+)-N-propargyl-1-aminioindan], its S-isomer (TVP1022) and TV 3219, a novel anti-Alzheimer cholinesterase-MAO inhibitor drug derived from rasagiline were examined in PC12 cells cultures and in vivo. We found that these drugs have potent antiapoptotic and neuroprotective activities in response to serum and NGF withdrawal in partially neuronally differentiated PC12 cells and prevent the fall in mitochondrial membrane potential, the first step in cell death. Closed head injury studies in mice have shown that both rasagiline and TVP1022 are neuroprotective. All these compounds possess a propargyl moiety, which normally is responsible for irreversible inactivation of MAO, as is seen with rasagiline. However, neither TVP1022 nor TV3219 are MAO inhibitors, both share the antiapoptotic and neuroprotective actions of rasagiline, indicating that MAO inhibition is not a prerequisite for neuroprotection and that the propargyl moiety exhibits intrinsic neuroprotective pharmacological activity that requires identification.
Carbon dioxide clearance using bubble CPAP with superimposed high frequency oscillations in a premature infant lung model with abnormal lung mechanics (2020)

Background: High frequency (HF) oscillatory ventilation has been shown to improve CO2 clearance in premature infants. In a previous in vitro lung model with normal lung mechanics we demonstrated significantly improved CO2 washout by HF oscillation of bubble CPAP (BCPAP). Objective: To examine CO2 clearance in a premature infant lung model with abnormal lung mechanics via measurement of end-tidal CO2 levels (EtCO2) while connected to HF oscillated BCPAP. Design/Methods: A 40mL premature infant lung model with either: normal lung mechanics (NLM): compliance 1.0 mL/cmH2O, airway resistance 56 cmH2O/(L/s); or abnormal lung mechanics (ALM): compliance 0.5 mL/cmH2O, airway resistance 136 cmH2O/(L/s), was connected to BCPAP with HF oscillation at either 4,6,8,10 or 12 Hz. EtCO2 was measured at BCPAPs of 4,6 and 8 cmH2O and respiratory rates (RR) of 40,60 and 80 breaths/min and 6mL tidal volume. Results: HF oscillation decreased EtCO2 levels at all BCPAPs, RRs, and oscillation frequencies for both lung models. Overall mean±SD EtCO2 levels decreased (p<0.001) from non-oscillated baseline by 19.3±10.2% for NLM vs. 14.1±8.8% for ALM. CO2 clearance improved for both lung models (p<0.001) as a function of oscillation frequency and RR with greatest effectiveness at 40-60 breaths/min and HF at 8-12 Hz. Conclusions: In this in-vitro premature infant lung model, HF oscillation of BCPAP was associated with improved CO2 clearance as compared to non-oscillated BCPAP for both NLM and ALM. The significant improvement in CO2 clearance in an abnormal lung environment is an important step towards clinical testing of this novel respiratory support modality.
Subtilisin integrated artificial plant cell walls as heterogeneous catalysts for asymmetric synthesis of (S)-amides (2023)

Subtilisin integrated artificial plant-cell walls (APCWs) were fabricated by self-assembly using cellulose or nanocellulose as the main component. The resulting APCW catalysts are excellent heterogeneous catalysts for the asymmetric synthesis of (<i>S</i>)-amides. This was demonstrated by the APCW-catalyzed kinetic resolution of several racemic primary amines to give the corresponding (<i>S</i>)-amides in high yields with excellent enantioselectivity. The APCW catalyst can be recycled for multiple reaction cycles without loss of enantioselectivity. The assembled APCW catalyst was also able to cooperate with a homogeneous organoruthenium complex, which allowed for the co-catalytic dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) of a racemic primary amine to give the corresponding (<i>S</i>)-amide in high yield. The APCW/Ru co-catalysis constitutes the first examples of DKR of chiral primary amines when subtilisin is used as a co-catalyst.
Quality assurance tools in the OpenCorpora project (2011)

OpenCorpora is a project that aims at creating an annotated corpus of Russian texts, which will be fully accessible to researchers, the annotation being crowd-sourced. The article deals with annotation quality assurance tools.
Optical Attenuation Characterization of Water Contaminated Lubricating Grease (2018)

Water-contaminated grease samples are investigated with attenuation spectra in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) regions in this article. The purpose of this investigation was to identify a model with optical attenuation spectra such that the water content of grease samples could be characterized with a simple measurement setup using common methodology from the field of instrumental chemistry. The ratio between two chosen wavelengths of light appears to approximate the water content of grease samples with an acceptable coefficient of determination using a methodology to show what can potentially be done to develop condition monitoring tools. To illustrate the outlined method, a prestudy of grease aging and oxidation levels is also investigated to show that other variables do not significantly change the measurement.
Why Do Some Patients Get Severe Pneumonia? (2005)

Most patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) will ask their physician at some point how and why they acquired it. When the pneumonia is severe or fatal, physicians are often left wondering ‘‘why’’ as well, particularly when the patient is young or has no obvious underlying chronic medical conditions.
Self-supervised learning for remote sensing scene classification under the few shot scenario (2023)

Scene classification is a crucial research problem in remote sensing (RS) that has attracted many researchers recently. It has many challenges due to multiple issues, such as: the complexity of remote sensing scenes, the classes overlapping (as a scene may contain objects that belong to foreign classes), and the difficulty of gaining sufficient labeled scenes. Deep learning (DL) solutions and in particular convolutional neural networks (CNN) are now state-of-the-art solution in RS scene classification; however, CNN models need huge amounts of annotated data, which can be costly and time-consuming. On the other hand, it is relatively easy to acquire large amounts of unlabeled images. Recently, Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) is proposed as a method that can learn from unlabeled images, potentially reducing the need for labeling. In this work, we propose a deep SSL method, called RS-FewShotSSL, for RS scene classification under the few shot scenario when we only have a few (less than 20) labeled scenes per class. Under this scenario, typical DL solutions that fine-tune CNN models, pre-trained on the ImageNet dataset, fail dramatically. In the SSL paradigm, a DL model is pre-trained from scratch during the pretext task using the large amounts of unlabeled scenes. Then, during the main or the so-called downstream task, the model is fine-tuned on the labeled scenes. Our proposed RS-FewShotSSL solution is composed of an online network and a target network both using the EfficientNet-B3 CNN model as a feature encoder backbone. During the pretext task, RS-FewShotSSL learns discriminative features from the unlabeled images using cross-view contrastive learning. Different views are generated from each image using geometric transformations and passed to the online and target networks. Then, the whole model is optimized by minimizing the cross-view distance between the online and target networks. To address the problem of limited computation resources available to us, our proposed method uses a novel DL architecture that can be trained using both high-resolution and low-resolution images. During the pretext task, RS-FewShotSSL is trained using low-resolution images, thereby, allowing for larger batch sizes which significantly boosts the performance of the proposed pipeline on the task of RS classification. In the downstream task, the target network is discarded, and the online network is fine-tuned using the few labeled shots or scenes. Here, we use smaller batches of both high-resolution and low-resolution images. This architecture allows RS-FewshotSSL to benefit from both large batch sizes and full image sizes, thereby learning from the large amounts of unlabeled data in an effective way. We tested RS-FewShotSSL on three RS public datasets, and it demonstrated a significant improvement compared to other state-of-the-art methods such as: SimCLR, MoCo, BYOL and IDSSL.
Simian T Lymphotropic Virus 1 Infection of Papio anubis:taxSequence Heterogeneity and T Cell Recognition (2017)

Baboons naturally infected with simian T lymphotropic virus (STLV) are a potentially useful model system for the study of vaccination against human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV). Here we expanded the number of available full-length baboon STLV-1 sequences from one to three and related the T cell responses that recognize the immunodominant Tax protein to the <i>tax</i> sequences present in two individual baboons. Continuously growing T cell lines were established from two baboons, animals 12141 and 12752. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of complete STLV genome sequences from these T cell lines revealed them to be closely related but distinct from each other and from the baboon STLV-1 sequence in the NCBI sequence database. Overlapping peptides corresponding to each unique Tax sequence and to the reference baboon Tax sequence were used to analyze recognition by T cells from each baboon using intracellular cytokine staining (ICS). Individual baboons expressed more gamma interferon and tumor necrosis factor alpha in response to Tax peptides corresponding to their own STLV-1 sequence than in response to Tax peptides corresponding to the reference baboon STLV-1 sequence. Thus, our analyses revealed distinct but closely related STLV-1 genome sequences in two baboons, extremely low heterogeneity of STLV sequences within each baboon, no evidence for superinfection within each baboon, and a ready ability of T cells in each baboon to recognize circulating Tax sequences. While amino acid substitutions that result in escape from CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell recognition were not observed, premature stop codons were observed in 7% and 56% of <i>tax</i> sequences from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from animals 12141 and 12752, respectively.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> It has been estimated that approximately 100,000 people suffer serious morbidity and 10,000 people die each year from the consequences associated with human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infection. There are no antiviral drugs and no preventive vaccine. A preventive vaccine would significantly impact the global burden associated with HTLV infections. Here we provide fundamental information on the simian T lymphotropic virus (STLV) naturally transmitted in a colony of captive baboons. The limited viral sequence heterogeneity in individual baboons, the identity of the viral gene product that is the major target of cellular immune responses, the persistence of viral amino acid sequences that are the major targets of cellular immune responses, and the emergence <i>in vivo</i> of truncated variants in the major target of cellular immune responses all parallel what are seen with HTLV infection of humans. These results justify the use of STLV-infected baboons as a model system for vaccine development efforts.
Crystals of Cr3+:Yb3+:Ln3+:YSGG as active media of solid-state lasers (1996)

An investigation was made of the active media of solid-state lasers based on Cr3+:Yb3+:Ln3+:YSGG crystals, where Ln3+ is Ho3+, Tm3+, or Er3+. The spectroscopic and lasing characteristics of these materials were determined.
Separation of gas mixtures by supported complexes. Final report, 1 October 1982-30 September 1984 (1985)

This final report covers research performed to identify and demonstrate advantageous procedures for the chemical separation of gases, such as CO, CO/sub 2/, and H/sub 2/, from medium-Btu gas mixtures by use of supported complexes. Three complexes were chosen for rapid gas uptake and selectivity at 25/sup 0/C from among a group of 22 coordination complexes synthesized during this program. The three complexes showed considerable selectivity toward individual gases. For instance, Pd/sub 2/(dpm)/sub 2/Cl/sub 2/ or bis-..mu..-(bisdiphenylphosphinomethane)-dichlorodipalladium (Pd-Pd), rapidly bound carbon monoxide from solution. This complex could be regenerated, with the carbon monoxide reversibly removed, by warming to 40/sup 0/C. The presence of other gases, such as carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, ethylene, or acetylene, had no effect upon the rapid uptake of carbon monoxide or its removal. Such selectivity was also noted with Ru(CO)/sub 2/(PPh/sub 3/)/sub 3/, biscarbonyltris(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium. Although this complex bound hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and oxygen in solution, the hydrogen was taken up twice as fast as carbon monoxide and seven times faster than oxygen. These gases could be removed from the complex with mild heat or decreased pressure. Crystalline Rh(OH)(CO)(PPh/sub 3/)/sub 2/, hydroxocarbonylbis(triphenylphosphine)rhodium, rapidly bound carbon dioxide; the complex was regenerated at 50/sup 0/C under reduced pressure. The rapid uptake of carbon dioxide by this complex was not changed in the presence of oxygen. In general the three selected crystalline or solvent dissolved complexes performed well in the absence of polymeric support. The stability and favorable kinetics of the three complexes suggest that they could be utilized in a solution system for gas separation (Conceptual Analyses and Preliminary Economics). Further, these complexes appear to be superb candidates as transport agents for facilitated-transport, membrane systems. 69 references, 21 figures.
Identification of Cross-reacting Glycoproteins of Four Herpesviruses by Western Blotting (1985)

Monospecific rabbit antisera against purified herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) gB, gC or gD antigens or polyvalent rabbit antiserum against equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1)-infected cells was used in Western blotting to identify antigenically related proteins in cells infected with HSV-1, HSV-2, bovine mammillitis virus or EHV-1. Monomeric and oligomeric polypeptides related to HSV-1 gB were found in cells infected with each of the four herpesviruses. The gC antiserum was specific for HSV-1 and the gD antiserum reacted only with polypeptides in HSV-1- or HSV-2-infected cells. Neither gC nor gD antiserum revealed the existence of oligomeric forms of the glycoproteins with the single exception of HSV-1 strain KOS which had a heat-unstable high molecular weight form gD. The EHV-1 antiserum reacted with high molecular weight polypeptides of the same mobility as the oligomeric form of gB in cells infected with each of the four herpesviruses.
Microstructure of the Cr underlayer and its effect on Sm-Co//Cr thin films (1995)

Sm-Co film is a potential candidate for the future high density recording media of 10 Gb/in2 which requires bit sizes of the order of 300 nm and grain sizes of about 10 nm. This article investigates the microstructure of the Cr underlayer in Sm-Co thin films and its effect on Sm-Co thin films prepared by the dc magnetron sputtering technique. The grain size of the Cr underlayer is found to be about 25 nm. Grains with small angle misorientation usually form local agglomerates. Studies by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) bright field images at different defocus settings and by high resolution electron microscopy indicate that a large proportion of the grain boundaries have gaps. The gap width (about 1–3 nm) varies from place to place. The Sm-Co films deposited on the Cr underlayer inherit similar gaps at positions adjacent to the grain boundary gaps of the Cr underlayer. Such gaps produce grain-like contrast of about 25 nm in TEM bright field images. However, such contrast becomes weak as the thickness of the film increases and disappears at a thickness of 96 nm, suggesting the gaps are sealed at places far from the Cr underlayer. The effect of the Cr underlayer on magnetic properties are discussed.
Decision making aid in mobile environment by behavioral characteristic (2011)

Despite the explosive growth of mobile environment and the rapidly increasing number of consumers who use location based search, we cannot find how consumers make purchase decisions in such situation. An unique characteristic of mobile environment is that they allow retails to create marketing context with location. A desirable recommendation from a consumer perspective is the implementation of sophisticated decision aid to assist consumers in their purchase decisions by providing the recommendation mechanism to their individual preferences.
Protocols and use cases for media independent management in SDN-based wireless access networks (2018)

This paper presents protocol messages, signalling procedures, and use cases for Media Independent Management (MIM) in Software-Defined Networking (SDN)-based wireless access networks. MIM control framework allows to control and to acquire information in a media independent way through a generic interface between higher layers and existing media-specific link layers. Focusing on tightly-coupled integration between SDN and MIM control planes, this paper describes signalling architecture, protocol messages, high-level signalling procedures for resource management and seamless handover, and three use cases of MIM in SDN-based heterogeneous wireless access networks.
Performance Evaluation Of An Sno2-Based Sensor Array For The Quantitative Measurement Of Mixtures Of H2s And No2 (1994)

In this paper arrays formed by SnO2-based sensors, for the quantitative measurement of H2S and NO2 mixtures, have been studied. The performance of the arrays, obtained by merging together a set of SnO2 sensors of different kinds, has been evaluated in terms of a set of figures of merit. The analysis allows us to select the arrays with the best performance among all the possible configurations obtainable using the available set of sensors.
Cable Fault Localization Using Instantaneous Frequency Estimation in Gaussian-Enveloped Linear Chirp Reflectometry (2012)

This paper presents an application of a cable fault localization using an instantaneous frequency (IF) estimation in the Gaussian-enveloped linear chirp (GELC) reflectometry. The GELC reflectometry sends a GELC signal into a cable and measures the reflected signals from the faults. A fault distance is calculated by the estimated time delay between the incident and reflected signals. The cross-correlation method for estimating time delay can be affected by the propagation characteristics of the cable and this results in the time offset in the time delay estimation. To reduce the time offset, we propose an IF-estimation-based fault-localization method. The proposed method uses the statistical-model-based detection with the hidden Markov model and the constrained Kalman filtering for estimating the IF of the GELC. We can obtain the time delay between the incident and reflected signals by calculating the time delay between the center frequencies corresponding to the incident and reflected signals, respectively. Experimental results show that the proposed method estimates the accurate fault distance without the compensation term for the time offset. Therefore, the proposed method is an appropriate method for estimating the fault localization in a cable.