gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel coding technique for depth images using quadtree decomposition and plane approximation (2005)

An efficient way to transmit multi-view images is to send the texture image together with a corresponding depth image. The depth image specifies the distance between each pixel and the camera. With this information, arbitrary views can be generated at the decoder. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for the coding of depth images that provides an efficient representation of smooth regions as well as geometric features such as object contours. Our algorithm uses a segmentation procedure based on a quadtree decomposition and models the depth image content with piecewise linear functions. We achieved a bit-rate as low as 0.33 bit/pixel, without any entropy coding. The attractivity of the coding algorithm is that, by exploiting specific properties of depth images, no degradations are shown along discontinuities, which is important for perceived depth.
Identity-Aware Decision Network Communication Budgeting: Is Who as Important as What? (2023)

All practical sensing operations must work with quantized data. In some settings, “high resolution” uniform quantization is used, and data are treated as approximately continuous. The aim of this work is to facilitate “cheap” central decision making by considering extremely low resolution quantization of data sent from distributed sensors. Along with measurement data, each sensor is assumed to have some label value that is relevant to its stochastic measurement model. All measurement and label data are transmitted to the decision maker in the form of discrete “types”. Censoring is also used to control the expected communication cost — each sensor decides locally whether or not to send its data to the decision center based on the value of its label as well as the value of its measurement. In this work we formalize the test statistic based on censored and quantized data. We also form a metric that is predictive of decision performance. This performance metric can be maximized to obtain optimal censoring and quantization rules. This optimization is demonstrated for a model that assumes passive sensors uniformly distributed in space.
Mechanical-Diode Mode Ultrasonic Friction Force Microscopy (2007)

We report on a novel technique, Mechanical-Diode Mode Ultrasonic Friction Force Microscopy, based on the study of the additional ultrasound-induced torsion of a cantilever when the cantilever tip scans in contact with a sample surface at low frequency in the presence of shear surface ultrasonic vibration of sufficiently high amplitude (lateral mechanical-diode effect). Data recorded on Si(111) are discussed. The results can be understood by considering the interaction of the tip with the lateral surface sample potential, and the presence of an ultrathin viscous liquid layer at the tip-sample contact which develops hydrodynamic pressure when sheared at ultrasonic velocities.
ChemInform Abstract: Dimethyldioxirane Epoxidation of Aurones and Isoflavones. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Figure S10 from Combination Therapy with Bispecific Antibodies and PD-1 Blockade Enhances the Antitumor Potency of T Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Flow cytometric dot plots showing PD-1 expression on CD3+ T cells in PBMCs (left) or CD3+ T cells purified from PBMCs&lt;/p&gt;
Open access journals are the future of scientific publishing and medical physicist should embrace the change (2020)

Drs. Low and Lamb have not conflict of interest related to this work.
Derivatives of 1,3,5-Triamino-1,3,5-trideoxy-cis-inositol as Versatile Pentadentate Ligands for Protein Labeling with Re-186/188. Prelabeling, Biodistribution, and X-ray Structural Studies (1998)

The pentadentate H3bhci [1,3,5-trideoxy-1, 3-bis((2-hydroxybenzyl)amino)-cis-inositol] and its bifunctionalized analogue H3bhci-glu-H [1,3,5-trideoxy-1, 3-bis((2-hydroxybenzyl)amino)-5-glutaramido-cis-inositol] were synthesized, and their coordination chemistry was investigated with inactive rhenium, with no carrier added Re-188 and with carrier added Re-186. The neutral Re(V) complexes [ReO(bhci)] and [ReO(bhci-glu-H)] are formed in good yields starting from [ReOCl3(P(C6H5)3)2] or in quantitative yield directly from [186/188ReO4]- in aqueous solution by reduction with Sn(II) or Sn(0). The X-ray structures of [ReO(bhci)] and [ReO(bhci-glu-H)] were elucidated revealing pentadentate "side on" coordination of the ligands to the "Re=O" core. The basic cyclohexane frame adopts a chair form in the case of [ReO(bhci)] and a twisted boat form in the case of [ReO(bhci-glu-H)]. [ReO(bhci)] crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with a = 27.425(3), b = 14.185(1), c = 19.047(2) A, and beta = 103.64(2) degrees and [ReO(bhci-glu-H)] in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 13.056(3), b = 10.180(1), c = 22.378(5) A, and beta = 98.205(9) degrees. Both 188Re complexes are stable in human serum for at least 3 days without decomposition. After injection into mice, [ReO(bhci-glu)]- is readily excreted through the intestines, while [ReO(bhci)] is excreted by intestines, liver, and the kidneys. TLC investigations of the urine showed exclusively the complexes [ReO(bhci-glu-H)] and [ReO(bhci)], respectively, and no decomposition products. For derivatization of antibodies, the carboxylic group of [ReO(bhci-glu-H)] was activated with N-hydroxysuccinimide, which required unusually vigorous reaction conditions (heating). The anti colon cancer antibody mAb-35 [IgG and F(ab')2 fragment] was labeled with [186/188ReO(bhci-glu)] to a specific activity of up to 1.5 mCi/mg (55 MBq/mg) with full retention of immunoreactivity. Labeling yields followed pseudo-first-order kinetics in antibody concentration with the ratio of rates between aminolysis and hydrolysis being about 2. Biodistributions of 186Re-labeled intact mAb-35 as well as of its F(ab')2 fragment in tumor-bearing nude mice revealed good uptake by the tumor with only low accumulation of radioactivity in normal tissue.
MRI-guided robotic system for transperineal prostate interventions: proof of principle (2010)

In this study, we demonstrate the proof of principle of the University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU) robot dedicated to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided interventions in patients. The UMCU robot consists of polymers and non-ferromagnetic materials. For transperineal prostate interventions, it can be placed between the patient's legs inside a closed bore 1.5T MR scanner. The robot can manually be translated and rotated resulting in five degrees of freedom. It contains a pneumatically driven tapping device to automatically insert a needle stepwise into the prostate using a controller unit outside the scanning room. To define the target positions and to verify the needle insertion point and the needle trajectory, a high-resolution 3D balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP) scan that provides a T2/T1-weighted contrast is acquired. During the needle insertion fast 2D bSSFP images are generated to track the needle on-line. When the target position is reached, the radiation oncologist manually places a fiducial gold marker (small seed) at this location. In total two needle trajectories are used to place all markers. Afterwards, a high-resolution 3D bSSFP scan is acquired to visualize the fiducial gold markers. Four fiducial gold markers were placed transperineally into the prostate of a patient with a clinical stage T3 prostate cancer. In the generated scans, it was possible to discriminate the patient's anatomy, the needle and the markers. All markers were delivered inside the prostate. The procedure time was 1.5 h. This study proves that MRI-guided needle placement and seed delivery in the prostate with the UMCU robot are feasible.
Chemical reactions in reactive powder metal mixtures during shock compression (2009)

A heterogeneous chemical reaction model is proposed and used to describe shock-induced chemical reactions that occur in reactive granular mixtures during shock compression. The proposed heterogeneous model is intended for application in mesoscale simulations at locations where reactant particles are in contact. Previous studies have employed homogeneous reaction rate models with Arrhenius type kinetics, in which the material transport mechanism is not spatially dependent. In contrast, the spatially heterogeneous model explicitly describes material transport at the interface between the reactants. A transport mechanism permits reactants to flow through the product that is formed between the reactant grains during reaction. Diffusion mechanisms alone are too slow to describe shock-induced chemical reactions. Therefore, the stress contribution is included in the activation energy to affect both the diffusion rate and the surface reaction kinetics. The model is demonstrated for the 2Al+Fe2O3 system, in which the pressure and temperature initial conditions are obtained from a mesoscale simulation. Calculated temperatures are compared with previously reported experimentally measured shock temperatures, showing the capability of the proposed model to describe this shock-induced chemical reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: RED. VON CIS‐BICYCLO(6,1,0)NONA‐2,4,6‐TRIEN IN AMMONIAK UND IN PHOSPHORSAEURE‐TRIS‐(DIMETHYLAMID)/TETRAHYDROFURAN (1972)

Abstract Die Umsetzung von cis‐Bicyclo(6,l ,0)nona‐2,4,6‐trien (I) mit Alkalimetallen in flüssigem Ammoniak bei ‐78°C ergibt die Homocyclooctatetraen‐Dianion‐Salze (II), von denen das Natriumsalz mit Ammoniumchlorid die Verbindungen (III) und (IV) in 67 bzw. 5%iger Ausbeute bildet.
Two-dimensional near-field images of the neonlike germanium soft-x-ray laser (1996)

We present what are believed to be the first two-dimensional near-field images of the neonlike germanium x-ray laser obtained with multilayer imaging mirrors. The Asterix iodine laser, with a low-intensity prepulse 5.23 ns before the main pulse, was used to irradiate germanium slab targets. We observe a large difference in the spatial dependence of the J = 0-1 and J = 2-1 lines of germanium, with the J = 2-1 emission peaking farther away from the target surface. The prepulse level is also observed to have a significant effect on the spatial dependence of the germanium laser lines. A great deal of structure is observed in the near-field images, particularly in the J = 0-1 emission.
Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Osteosarcoma: Examination of a Large Cohort Identifies Three Cases of Fibroblastic Osteosarcoma (2005)

Our results indicate that hyperparathyroidism is not more prevalent in affected individuals with osteosarcoma than in the general population. The finding of fibroblastic osteosarcoma in all three patients raises the question of whether coexistent hyperparathyroidism may modify the cytologic and histologic features of the malignancy.
Antioxidant-Based Lead Discovery for Cancer Chemoprevention: The Case of Resveratrol (2009)

Resveratrol is a well-known natural antioxidant and cancer chemopreventive agent that has attracted much interest in the past decade. Resveratrol-directed compounds were synthesized, and their antioxidant effects against reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced DNA damage, their prooxidant effects on DNA damage in the presence cupric ions, and their cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing effects on human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells were investigated in vitro. It was found that the compounds bearing o-diphenoxyl groups exhibited remarkably higher activities in inhibiting ROS-induced DNA damage, accelerating DNA damage in the presence cupric ions, and inducing apoptosis of HL-60 cells compared with the ones bearing no such groups. The detail mechanism of the structure-activity relationship was also studied by the oxidative product analysis of resveratrol and its analogues with galvinoxyl radical or cupric ions and UV-visible spectra change in the presence cupric ions. This study reveals a good and interesting correlation between antioxidant and prooxidant activity, as well as cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing activity against HL-60 cells, and provides an idea for designing antioxidant-based cancer chemoprevention agents.
National Cybersecurity Capacity Building Framework for Countries in a Transitional Phase (2020)

&lt;p dir="ltr"&gt;Building cybersecurity capacity has become increasingly a subject of global concern in both stable countries and those countries in a transitional phase. National and international Research &amp; Technology Organisations (RTOs) have developed a plethora of guidelines and frameworks to help with the development of a national cybersecurity framework. Current state-of-art literature provides guidelines for developing national cybersecurity frameworks but, relatively little research has focussed on the context of cybersecurity capacity building especially for countries in the transitional stage. This paper proposes a National Cybersecurity Capacity Building Framework (NCCBF) that relies on a variety of existing standards, guidelines, and practices to enable countries in a transitional phase to transform their current cybersecurity posture by applying activities that reflect desired outcomes. The NCCBF provides stability against unquantifiable threats and enhances security by embedding leading and lagging performance security measures at a national level. The NCCBF is inspired by a Design Science Research methodology (DSR) and guided by utilising enterprise architectures, business process and modelling approaches. Furthermore, the NCCBF has been evaluated by a focus group against a structured set of criteria. The evaluation demonstrated the valuable contribution of the NCCBF’s in representing the challenges in National Cybersecurity Capacity Building and the complexities associated to the build.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Other Information&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p dir="ltr"&gt;Published in: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems&lt;br&gt;License: &lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" target="_blank"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;See article on publisher's website: &lt;a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009576708410849" target="_blank"&gt;https://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009576708410849&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Palladium nanoparticles supported on a carbazole functionalized mesoporous organic polymer: synthesis and their application as efficient catalysts for the Suzuki–Miyaura cross coupling reaction (2017)

Pd nanoparticles supported on a carbazole functionalized mesoporous organic polymer exhibit high performance in the Suzuki–Miyaura cross coupling reaction with good catalytic activity, substrate adaptability and recyclability.
“On the Correct Use of the Bayesian Method for Reactor Core Melt Frequency” (1980)

"“On the Correct Use of the Bayesian Method for Reactor Core Melt Frequency”." Nuclear Science and Engineering, 74(2), pp. 158–
Performance of multidimensional algorithms for target detection in LADAR imagery (2002)

In this paper, we describe a new method of processing LADAR imagery for detecting and recognizing targets. LADAR is a unique sensor in that it allows data to be manipulated in 3D coordinates and "range-corrected" so that all objects are represented at their true size. For correlation-based detection methods, this leads to a significant reduction in the number of filters that need to be used. The detected regions of interest can be processed in 3D space using distortion tolerant volume correlation filters. We also discuss the performance of the algorithms for target detection on a set of LADAR images.
Towards the structure determination of P30: an autotransporter domain (2002)

The toxin of Clostridium perfringens (the first toxin identified with phospholipase C activity) has previously been shown to be the main causative agent in gas gangrene. C.absonum PLC, whilst maintaining 60% sequence identity when compared to C.perfringens toxin, has differing characteristics regarding phospholipid specificity and haemolytic activity. We report on the cloning, expression, characterisation and structure solution of this C.absonum PLC, and attempt to shed more light on the specificity and activity of this important family of cytotoxic PLCs. Differences between C.absonum PLC and C.perfringens -toxin are apparent, including major differences in the conformation in the functionally important 60-90s loop. This loop acts as a lid and is involved in the change between active and inactive forms. The proposed active site of C.absonum PLC structure is more open and exposed than that of the previously identified open form of C.perfringens -toxin. Differences in specificity between C.perfringens toxin and C.absonum PLC for various phospholipid types have also been discovered, and we will explain these differences using the structural information obtained from the C.absonum and other related toxin structures.
Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding human and rabbit forms of the Ca2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor) of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. (2021)

We have cloned cDNAs encoding the rabbit and human forms of the Ca2+ release channel of sarcoplasmic reticulum. The human cDNA encodes a protein of 5032 amino acids, with a molecular weight of 563,584, which is made without an NH2-terminal signal sequence. Amino acid substitutions between rabbit and human sequences were noted in 163 positions and deletions or insertions in eight regions accounted for additional sequence differences between the two proteins. Analysis of the sequence indicates that 10 potential transmembrane sequences in the COOH-terminal fifth of the molecule and two additional, potential transmembrane sequences nearer to the center of the molecule could contribute to the formation of the Ca2+ conducting pore. The remainder of the molecule is hydrophilic and presumably constitutes the cytoplasmic domain of the protein. A 114-120 amino acid motif is repeated four times in the protein, in residues 841-954, 955-1068, 2725-2844, and 2845-2958 and a 16 amino acid part of the motif is repeated twice more in residues 1344-1359 and 1371-1386. Although the channel is modulated by Ca2+, ATP, and calmodulin, no clear high affinity Ca2(+)-binding domain of the EF hand type and no clear high affinity ATP-binding domain were detected in the primary sequence. An acidic sequence in residues 1872-1923 contains 79% glutamate or aspartate residues and this sequence is a potential low affinity Ca2(+)-binding site. Several potential calmodulin-binding sites were observed in the sequence, in the region 2800 to 3050.
The use of the New york heart association's classification of cardiovascular disease as part of the patient's complete problem list (1999)

This paper extols the value of combining two systems in order to improve learning, teaching, communication, patient care, and clinical research in patients with heart disease. This is accomplished by using Weed's recommendation regarding the creation of a complete Problem List and, within this context, characterizing the cardiac or vascular problem according to the recommendations of the New York Heart Association.
The Hypothalamic-Neurohypophysial System of the Rat: Localization and Quantitation of Neurophysin by Light Microscopic Immunocytochemistry in Normal Rats and in Brattleboro Rats Deficient in Vasopressin and a Neurophysin (1976)

The cellular distribution of neurophysin was examined in hypothalami and neural lobes of normal Long-Evans rats and Brattleboro rats deficient in vasopressin and a major neurophysin. Tissue sections were treated with antisera to bovine, human, and rat neurophysins, using immunoperoxidase bridge techniques. Antisera to oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP) were applied to adjacent sections. Two distinct cell populations were discernible in both magnocellular nuclei on the basis of the intensity of cytoplasmic staining. About half of the magnocellular neurons in the supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei of homozygous Brattleboro rats with diabetes insipidus (DI) were devoid of immunoreactive neurophysin, OT, and VP. These cells were presumably the defective counterparts of those neurons that produce VP and its associated neurophysin in normal and heterozygous Brattleboro rats. The cells in homozygous DI rats which were stained with immunoreaction products to NP and OT were more concentrated in the dorsal part of the SON and in the periphery of the PVN. Spatial segregation of different neurons was also seen in the neural lobe, where clusters of stained axons were surrounded by bundles of nerve fibers lacking immunoreactive material. In normal rats and heterozygotes nearly all magnocellular neurons reacted immunologically with antiserum to neurophysin but with different intensities, so that "dark" and "light" cells could be distinguished. The darker cells in heterozygous Brattleboro rats had the same pattern of distribution as cells which contained OT. In homozygous DI rats, only some of those cells which contained neurophysin and OT exhibited a positive reaction with antiserum to VP due to slight reactivity with OT. The results obtained in the homozygous Brattleboro rat would suggest that OT and VP and their associated neurophysins are produced in different neurons in both the SON and PVN. However, in normal rats and in heterozygous Brattleboro rats, VP appeared to be present in both OT-positive and OT-negative neurons suggesting that some cells may have the capacity to synthesize two hormones.
Stretchable Triboelectric–Photonic Smart Skin for Tactile and Gesture Sensing (2018)

Smart skin is expected to be stretchable and tactile for bionic robots as the medium with the ambient environment. Here, a stretchable triboelectric-photonic smart skin (STPS) is reported that enables multidimensional tactile and gesture sensing for a robotic hand. With a grating-structured metal film as the bioinspired skin stripe, the STPS exhibits a tunable aggregation-induced emission in a lateral tensile range of 0-160%. Moreover, the STPS can be used as a triboelectric nanogenerator for vertical pressure sensing with a maximum sensitivity of 34 mV Pa<sup>-1</sup> . The pressure sensing characteristics can remain stable in different stretching conditions, which demonstrates a synchronous and independent sensing property for external stimuli with great durability. By integrating on a robotic hand as a conformal covering, the STPS shows multidimensional mechanical sensing abilities for external touch and different gestures with joints bending. This work has first demonstrated a triboelectric-photonic coupled multifunctional sensing terminal, which may have great applications in human-machine interaction, soft robots, and artificial intelligence.
Subatomic Many-Body Physics Simulations on a Quantum Frequency Processor (2019)

We demonstrate a photonic quantum simulation on a quantum frequency processor, computing the effective interaction potential between composite particles in the Schwinger model and determining the binding energies of three nuclei (3H, 3He, and 4He). © 2019 The Author(s)