gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface expression of CD74 by type II alveolar epithelial cells: a potential mechanism for macrophage migration inhibitory factor-induced epithelial repair (2009)

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic proinflammatory cytokine involved in acute lung injury and other processes such as wound repair and tumor growth. MIF exerts pro-proliferative effects on a variety of cell types including monocytes/macrophages, B cells, and gastric epithelial cell lines through binding to the major histocompatibility complex type II-associated invariant chain, CD74. In acute lung injury, inflammatory damage of the alveolar epithelium leads to loss of type I alveolar epithelial cells (AEC-I), which are replaced by proliferation and differentiation of type II alveolar epithelial cells (AEC-II). In this study we have investigated the potential of MIF to contribute to alveolar repair by stimulating alveolar epithelial cell proliferation. We show that murine AEC-II, but not AEC-I, express high surface levels of CD74 in vivo. Culture of AEC-II in vitro resulted in decreased mRNA levels for CD74 and loss of surface CD74 expression, which correlated with a transition of AEC-II to an AEC-I-like phenotype. MIF stimulation of AEC-II induced rapid and prolonged phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt, increased expression of cyclins D1 and E, as well as AEC-II proliferation. Corresponding MIF signaling and enhanced thymidine incorporation was observed after MIF stimulation of MLE-12 cells transfected to overexpress CD74. In contrast, MIF did not induce MAPK activation, gene transcription, or increased proliferation in differentiated AEC-I-like cells that lack CD74. These data suggest a previously unidentified role of MIF-CD74 interaction by inducing proliferation of AEC-II, which may contribute to alveolar repair.
Développement moteur : la robotique au secours de la psychobiologie du développement (2007)

<titre>R&#201;SUM&#201;</titre> Cet article a pour objectif de susciter une discussion sur les possibles contributions des exp&#233;riences robotiques &#224; la connaissance du d&#233;veloppement moteur des jeunes enfants. Plus pr&#233;cis&#233;ment, il se focalise sur les points suivants&#160;: 1 / comment les interactions entre les syst&#232;mes nerveux, musculaire et osseux et les forces agissant sur le corps, induisent des changements d&#8217;organisation du syst&#232;me d&#8217;ensemble, et&#160;2 / comment le comportement exploratoire et les signaux d&#8217;information s&#233;lectifs impliqu&#233;s dans l&#8217;apprentissage d&#8217;une nouvelle comp&#233;tence &#224; l&#8217;&#233;chelle microg&#233;n&#233;tique, peuvent permettre de stabiliser le comportement &#224; l&#8217;&#233;chelle du d&#233;veloppement macrog&#233;n&#233;tique. L&#8217;article d&#233;crit la d&#233;marche qui a conduit &#224; d&#233;gager trois principes g&#233;n&#233;ratifs, inspir&#233;s de la biologie d&#233;veloppementale et se r&#233;v&#233;lant &#234;tre &#224; la base de l&#8217;apprentissage du saut sur Jolly Jumper par de jeunes enfants. Ces principes ont &#233;t&#233; ensuite d&#233;compos&#233;s en un ensemble de m&#233;canismes permettant de contr&#244;ler un syst&#232;me robotique, et ont abouti &#224; un profil d&#233;veloppemental similaire. Une comparaison des performances des enfants et des robots a conduit &#224; &#233;laborer un ensemble de crit&#232;res destin&#233;s &#224; am&#233;liorer la contribution des &#233;tudes robotiques &#224; la connaissance du d&#233;veloppement moteur.
Weld pool edge detection for automated control of welding (1991)

A vision system that determines the edges of the weld pool in sequences of gas-tungsten-arc welding images acquired by a coaxial viewing system is described. The vision system uses a transformation that maps the edge of a weld pool into a vertical line. The weld pool edge is detected in the transform domain by using a directional filter, which retains only intensity changes of interest, and a one-dimensional edge detector. The edge of the weld pool, in the physical domain, is determined using the inverse transformation. The transformation uses parameters that are updated when processing a sequence of images, and are initially determined by analyzing the first image frame in the physical domain.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Xyletinus Latreille, 1809, and Lasioderma Stephens, 1835 (Insecta, Coleoptera: Anobiidae): proposed designation of a type-species under the plenary powers to avoid synonymy. Z.N. (S.) 1871 (1969)

his application is being submitted to have the Commission fix the typespecies of Xyletinus and to thereby remove Lasioderma from its synonymy. This action will serve to maintain the present status of these two names.
Immunoelectrophoretic Study of Mouse Serum and Urinary Esterases (1963)

Summary Normal mouse serum is separated electrophoretically into seven protein bands and four esterase zones designated ρ, albumin, fast α2 and α2-β1. All but albumin are associated with lipoproteins. These zones correspond on immunoelectrophoretic analysis with six precipitin lines that retain esterase activity after antigen-antibody precipitation: the ρ- and slow lipoproteins, albumin and three α2-globulins. The serum cholinesterase is associated with the α2-β1-lipoprotein and is completely removed by chloroform extraction. Mouse serum albumin is separated by CM-and DEAE-cellulose column chromatography into two immunologically identical fractions one of which lacks the ability to hydrolyze carboxylic esters. This phenomenon represents and example of the molecular heterogeneity of mouse serum albumin. Normal mouse urine contains two esterases of α1 and β2 mobility, the latter probably of renal origin. Normal mouse urinary albumin, unlike serum albumin, has no esterase activity.
Biosimilars: controversies as illustrated by rhGH (2010)

The validity of the current criteria for comparability and interchangeability of biosimilars and their reference products remains controversial. The authors conclude that long-term clinical investigations and systematic monitoring of the efficacy and tolerability of rhGH biosimilars in all indications are needed. In addition, the medico-economical environment should allow physicians to take a free and informed decision about the type of rhGH to be prescribed.
Holistic design of 8-way combining transformers in SiGe technology for use in millimetre-wave power amplifiers (2013)

This paper presents the design of a novel 8-way power-combining transformer for use in mm-wave power amplifier (PA). The combiner exhibits a record low insertion loss of 1.25 dB at 83.5 GHz. A complete circuit comprised of a power splitter, two-stage cascode PA array, a power combiner and input/output matching elements was designed and realized in SiGe technology. Measured gain of at least 16.8 dB was obtained from 76.4 GHz to 85.3 GHz with a peak 19.5 dB at 83 GHz. The prototype delivered 12.5 dBm OP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1dB</sub> and 14 dBm saturated output power when operated from a 3.2 V DC supply voltage at 78 GHz.
Heat‐induced phosphorylation of NBS1 in human skin fibroblast cells (2006)

NBS1 is known to be involved in DNA damage-induced cellular responses after exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). Phosphorylation of NBS1 contributes to cell-cycle checkpoints. The aim of this study was to determine whether heat exposure induces or stimulates cellular responses mediated by the phosphorylation of NBS1 in human skin fibroblast cell lines. The results of immunofluorescent staining and Western blot analysis showed that NBS1 proteins are phosphorylated after exposure to heat in the nucleus of a normal skin fibroblast cell line (82-6 cells). This suggests that the NBS1-mediated signal transduction could be induced by heat. We further examined whether a deficiency in the NBS1 protein modifies heat sensitivity in human skin fibroblast cell lines. A skin fibroblast cell line (Gmtert), derived from a Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) patient containing mutant NBS1, showed higher sensitivity to heat than the same cell line transfected with the wild-type copy of the NBS1 gene. We also showed that transfection of a DNA cassette expressing small interference RNA (siRNA) targeted to NBS1 into 82-6 cells enhanced cell sensitivity to heat. These results suggest that NBS1 is involved in cellular responses to DNA damage which is induced by heat exposure as well as by radiation exposure in human skin fibroblast cells.
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy and Vessel Dysfunction (2002)

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), defined by deposition of the beta-amyloid peptide in medium and small cortical and meningeal vessels, is a well-recognized cause of hemorrhagic stroke. This paper reviews the accumulating evidence supporting an additional role for CAA in producing vessel dysfunction, reduced cerebral blood flow and ischemia. Ischemic lesions are characteristic of several hereditary CAA syndromes, including a recently described mutation of the amyloid precursor protein associated with dementia (but not hemorrhagic stroke) in an Iowa family. Ischemic lesions are seen in some sporadic CAA patients as well, and recent data from transgenic mice suggest potential mechanisms by which beta-amyloid may alter vessel physiology. Future studies will seek to define the clinical importance of vascular beta-amyloid as a potential target for drug therapy in dementia.
No Requirement of Vernalization for Flower Formation in Ri-Transformed Cichorium Plants. (1992)

Hairy roots of Cichorium intybus L. cv. Witloof were induced by inoculation with Agrobacterium rhizogenes harboring different types of Ri plasmids (pRiA4, pRi15834 and pRi8196). Whole plants were regenerated from the hairy roots by culturing them on a modified Murashige and Skoog's medium containing BA (1 mg/l). Transformation was confirmed by the presence of agropine and mannopine in the hairy roots and of internal fragments of the T-DNA of Ri plasmid in the leaves of the regenerated plants. These tansgenic plants flowered without vernalization under a long-day condition, but normal (nontransformed) plants did not show any flower bud formation under the same condition. Ro1C gene was cloned into T-DNA of a disarmed mini Ti plasmid (pBI101) and transformation was achieved by the leaf disc method. The transgenic plants with rolC gene flowered without vernalization under a long-day condition.
Image processing approach to features extraction in classification of control chart patterns (2005)

Control chart patterns can be used to determine behavior of system. They are vital in process control as they are used in detecting the abnormalities which may occur. Accurate identification of these charts is necessary to the efficiency and reduction of system troubleshooting time. The accuracy of the classification depends largely on how noisy the signals in these charts are. If their noise ratio is very high, this suggests that reliable classification is almost impossible. One of the major difficulties lies in differentiation between increasing and decreasing patterns especially where gradients of inclination and declination are small. This paper describes an improvement in identifying highly noisy control chart patterns by utilizing features extraction in classification using neural networks in previous works. Features, which were founded useful for the classification, are mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis. The improvement can be summarized into two factors, the introduction of two more useful features, slope and Pearson correlation coefficient, and the additional transformation derived from the original signal. This work yields better performance than previous works which used the same data set by increasing the overall accuracy from 83.30% to 90.47%.
Differences in Melanogenesis-related Gene Expression between Korean Brindle Cattle and Korean Native Cattle for Coat Color Decisions (2021)

In melanocytes, the expression of different pigments is controlled by the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R: E D , E + , and e) and the agouti locus alleles. This study aimed to identify melanogenesis-associated genes that are differentially expressed in the yellow and brindle coat of the Korean native cattle. The expression level of MC1R protein in the Korean brindle cattle (KBC) and the Korean dark cattle (KDC: Black coat color) was evaluated and it was found that the MC1R protein level in KDC was much higher than expected, but the expression was found to be lower in the large sweat glands present in the epidermis. The results of the RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the mRNA expression level of MC1R in the KBC was completely correlated to the localization analysis. The expression level of MC1R mRNA was found to be elevated in the Korean Hanwoo cattle (KHC) compared to those in other groups. Moreover, the genes involved in the MAPK vs. Wnt signaling pathway are differentially expressed between KBC and KHC. The expression of melanogenesis-associated genes was higher in the KBC, while the Wnt signal pathways and other minor genes were highly expressed in KHC. From these results, we were able to demonstrate the diversity in Korean native cattle by assessing the differences in the expression of melanogenesis-associated genes.
Downregulation of histone H4 gene transcription during postnatal development in transgenic mice and at the onset of differentiation in transgenically derived calvarial osteoblast cultures (1992)

In vivo regulation of cell cycle dependent human histone gene expression was examined in transgenic mice using a fusion construct containing 6.5 kB of a human H4 promoter linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene. Transcriptional control of histone gene expression, as a function of proliferative activity, was determined. We established the relationship between DNA replication dependent H4 mRNA levels (Northern blot analysis) and H4 promoter activity (CAT assay) during postnatal development in a broad spectrum of tissues. In most tissues sampled in adult animals, the cellular representation of H4 gene transcripts declined in parallel with promoter activity. This result is consistent with transcriptional control of H4 gene expression at the cessation of proliferation. Interestingly, while H4 mRNA was detectable at very low levels post-proliferatively in brain, promoter activity persisted in adult brain, where most of the cells are terminally differentiated. This dissociation between histone gene promoter activity and histone mRNA accumulation points to the possibility of post-transcriptional regulation of histone gene expression in brain. Cultures of osteoblasts were prepared from calvaria of transgenic mice carrying the H4 promoter/CAT reporter construct. In contrast to the brain, in these bone-derived cells, we established by immunohistochemistry that the transition to the quiescent, differentiated state is associated with a transcriptionally mediated downregulation of histone gene expression at the single cell level.
Curcumin Blocks High Glucose-Induced Podocyte Injury via RIPK3-Dependent Pathway (2022)

Podocyte loss is well known to play a critical role in the early progression of diabetic nephropathy. A growing number of studies are paying attention to necroptosis, a programmed form of cell necrosis as a mechanism of podocyte loss. Although necroptosis is a recently established concept, the significance of receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 3 (<i>RIPK3</i>), a gene that encodes for the homonymous enzyme RIPK3 responsible for the progression of necroptosis, is well studied. Curcumin, a natural hydrophobic polyphenol compound responsible for the yellow color of <i>Curcuma longa,</i> has drawn attention due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on cells prone to necroptosis. Nonetheless, effects of curcumin on high glucose-induced podocyte necroptosis have not been reported yet. Therefore, this study investigated RIPK3 expression in high glucose-treated podocytes to identify the involvement of necroptosis <i>via</i> the RIPK3 pathway and the effects of curcumin treatment on RIPK3-dependent podocytopathy in a hyperglycemic environment. The study discovered that increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) in renal podocytes induced by high glucose was improved after curcumin treatment. Curcumin treatment also significantly restored the upregulated levels of VEGF, TGF-β, and CCL2 mRNAs and the downregulated level of nephrin mRNA in cultured podocytes exposed to a high glucose environment. High glucose-induced changes in protein expression of TGF-β, nephrin, and CCL2 were considerably reverted to their original levels after curcumin treatment. Increased expression of RIPK3 in high glucose-stimulated podocytes was alleviated by curcumin treatment as well as N-acetyl cysteine (NAC, an antioxidant) or GSK'872 (a RIPK3 inhibitor). Consistent with this, the increased necroptosis-associated molecules, such as RIPK3, pRIPK3, and pMLKL, were also restored by curcumin in high glucose-treated mesangial cells. DCF-DA assay confirmed that such a result was attributed to the reduction of RIPK3 through the antioxidant effect of curcumin. Further observations of DCF-DA-sensitive intracellular ROS in NAC-treated and GSK'872-treated podocyte groups showed a reciprocal regulatory relationship between ROS and RIPK3. The treatment of curcumin and GSK'872 in podocytes incubated with high glucose protected from excessive intracellular superoxide anion production. Taken together, these results indicate that curcumin treatment can protect against high glucose-induced podocyte injuries by suppressing the abnormal expression of ROS and RIPK3. Thus, curcumin might be a potential therapeutic agent for diabetic nephropathy as an inhibitor of RIPK3.
A Framework for Estimating Mold Performance Using Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Injection Mold Tooling Prototypes (2018)

Additive Manufacturing (AM), 3D printing, rapid prototyping, or rapid tooling refer to a range of technologies that are capable of translating virtual CAD model data into physical model. It is executed in growing number of applications nowadays. A wide range of materials are currently being used to produce consumer products and production tools. AM has brought in revolutionary changes in traditional manufacturing practices. Yet, there are certain drawbacks that hinder its advancement at mass manufacturing. High cost associated with AM is one of them. Using 3D printed tooling can provide long-time cost effectiveness and better product quality. Additively manufactured injection molds can increase the cooling performance, reduce production cycle time, and improve surface finish and part quality of the final plastic product. Yet, manufacturers are still not using the printed molds for industrial mass production. Numerical analysis can provide approximation of such improved performance, but, factual experimental results are necessary to satisfy performance criteria of molds to justify the large investment into tooling for existing industries. In this research work, a desktop injection molding machine is used to evaluate performance of 3D printed molds to develop a cost and performance analysis tool. It serves as a baseline to predict the performance of molds in real-time mass manufacturing of consumer products. The analysis describes how appropriate the estimation can be from any simulation study of molds, how much the scaling down of tool and molding system can affect the prediction of actual performance, what correction factors can be used for better approximation of performance matrices. Several “scaled down” prototypes of injection molds have been used. They have design variations as: with or without cooling system, conformal or straight cooling channels, solid or lattice matrix, and metal or tough resin as the mold material. The molds are printed in in-house printing machines and can also be printed online with limited charges. This also provides an excellent demonstration of using inexpensive material and manufacturing process, such as resin to estimate the performance of highly expensive 3D printed stainless steel molds. The work encompasses a framework to reduce overall cost of implementing AM, by lowering time and monetary expenses during the research and development, and prototyping phases.
Free Toe-to-Fingertip Neurovascular Flaps (1979)

Six cases of free toe-to-fingertip neurovascular flaps are presented. The principal advantages of this procedure over rotation island flaps are (1) achievement of better two-point discrimination, (2) an acceptable donor defect, (3) no cortical reorientation is necessary, and (4) there is minimal tension on the nerve.
The Integral and Extrinsic Bioactive Proteins in the Aqueous Extracted Soybean Oil Bodies (2013)

Soybean oil bodies (OBs), naturally pre-emulsified soybean oil, have been examined by many researchers owing to their great potential utilizations in food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and other applications requiring stable oil-in-water emulsions. This study was the first time to confirm that lectin, Gly m Bd 28K (Bd 28K, one soybean allergenic protein), Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI), and Bowman-Birk inhibitor (BBI) were not contained in the extracted soybean OBs even by neutral pH aqueous extraction. It was clarified that the well-known Gly m Bd 30K (Bd 30K), another soybean allergenic protein, was strongly bound to soybean OBs through a disulfide bond with 24 kDa oleosin. One steroleosin isoform (41 kDa) and two caleosin isoforms (27 kDa, 29 kDa), the integral bioactive proteins, were confirmed for the first time in soybean OBs, and a considerable amount of calcium, necessary for the biological activities of caleosin, was strongly bound to OBs. Unexpectedly, it was found that 24 kDa and 18 kDa oleosins could be hydrolyzed by an unknown soybean endoprotease in the extracted soybean OBs, which might give some hints for improving the enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction processing of soybean free oil.
Freezing of feeder-free hPSCs v1 (2022)

This protocol describes the process of freezing feeder-free human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) using Accutase or ReLeSR Protocol overview: A. Accutase B. ReLeSR General Notes: For this protocol, hPSCs refers collectively to hiPSCs and hESCs. All described procedures have been tested and work equally well for hiPSCs and hESCs. Until otherwise indicated, feeder-free hPSCs are routinely grown in a humidified cell culture incubator under “low” oxygen conditions. We have successfully maintained hPSCs using either 3% O2 (3% O2, 5% CO2) or 5% O2 (5% O2, 5% CO2) conditions. We have routinely maintained feeder-free cells in either mTeSR-plus or StemFlex, however these two mediums are not interchangeable. Pick one and stick to it. We have routinely maintained feeder-free hPSC cultures on VTN, Matrigel and Geltrex coated cell culture plates without observing obvious differences.