gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An immune cell spray (ICS) formulation allows for the delivery of functional monocyte/macrophages (2018)

Macrophages are key cells of the innate immune system and act as tissue resident macrophages (TRMs) in the homeostasis of various tissues. Given their unique functions and therapeutic use as well as the feasibility to derive macrophages in vitro from hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) sources, we propose an "easy-to-use" immune cell spray (ICS) formulation to effectively deliver HSC-derived macrophages. To achieve this aim, we used classical pump spray devices to spray either the human myeloid cell line U937 or primary murine HSC-derived macrophages. For both cell types used, one puff could deliver cells with maintained morphology and functionality. Of note, cells tolerated the spraying process very well with a recovery of more than 90%. In addition, we used osmotic preconditioning to reduce the overall cell size of macrophages. While a 800 mosm hyperosmolar sucrose solution was able to reduce the cell size by 27%, we identified 600 mosm to be effective to reduce the cell size by 15% while maintaining macrophage morphology and functionality. Using an isolated perfused rat lung preparation, the combinatorial use of the ICS with preconditioned and genetically labeled U937 cells allowed the intra-pulmonary delivery of cells, thus paving the way for a new cell delivery platform.
Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections in Animals (2004)

Pathogenesis of bacterial infections in animals , Pathogenesis of bacterial infections in animals , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Dimensional Constraints on High Aspect Ratio Silicon Microstructures Fabricated by HF Photoelectrochemical Etching (2002)

The fabrication of macropores in crystalline silicon by photoelectrochemical etching in a hydrofluoric acid electrolyte is investigated. It is shown that the dimensional constraints on the pore diameters, which, in previous literature, are considered to depend on substrate doping, can be significantly relaxed. We show that it is possible to fabricate arrays of square section macropores with sides ranging from 2 to 15 mum using the same n-doped (2.4- 4 Omega cm) silicon substrate. Moreover, we demonstrate that macropore arrays with pitch variation up to 100% (8 and 16 mum) can be simultaneously grown on the same silicon sample. The same process is used to fabricate arrays of silicon walls with different spacing and pitch as well. A simple model, based on the coalescence in a single pore of multiple stable pores, is proposed to explain the experimental data. (C) 2002 The Electrochemical Society.
Polymerizations in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymerizations in Supercritical Carbon DioxideJonathan L. Kendall, Dorian A. Canelas, Jennifer L. Young, and Joseph M. DeSimoneView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1999, 99, 2, 543–564Publication Date (Web):January 22, 1999Publication History Received30 June 1998Revised23 November 1998Published online22 January 1999Published inissue 1 February 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr9700336https://doi.org/10.1021/cr9700336research-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5192Altmetric-Citations758LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Monomers,Polymer particles,Polymerization,Polymers,Solvents Get e-Alerts
Three-transistor one-time programmable (OTP) ROM cell array using standard CMOS gate oxide antifuse (2003)

A three-transistor (3-T) cell CMOS one-time programmable (OTP) ROM array using CMOS antifuse (AF) based on permanent breakdown of MOSFET gate oxide is proposed, fabricated and characterized. The proposed 3-T OTP cell for ROM array is composed of an nMOS AF, a high-voltage blocking nMOS, and cell access transistor, all compatible with standard CMOS technology. The experimental results show that the proposed structure can be a viable technology option of high-density CMOS OTP ROM array for modern digital as well as analog circuits.
Optimization of Planar Phased Arrays for Vehicles (2022)

Radar sensors are used for the detection of objects surrounding a vehicle to enable advanced driver assistance systems. Wide angle azimuth field-of-view (FOV) sensor having high angular resolution is beneficial, but presents challenges for low-cost implementation where element-to-element spacing may be larger than one-half wavelength. Irregular placement of array elements in a two-dimensional (2-D) array can achieve low-cost targets, but may generate large sidelobes if done without care. We introduce an optimization method to determine placement of array elements in a vehicular volumetric beam-scanning radar to minimize sidelobe power for typical automotive beam steering angles. Optimization with array constraints is realized using a gradient-based nonlinear programming technique. Optimization is accelerated by extending <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">uv</i> -projection planes beyond the unit circle. For a grating lobe-free scan area based on vehicular applications, the azimuth scanning FOV is increased by 11° bidirectionally to <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 54° compared to a reference triangular grid array with 24 elements. The validity of an antenna design generated using the optimization method is established by a three-dimensional (3-D) electromagnetic wave simulation of a representative optimized array configuration.
Ex-Reactor Determination of Thermal Gap Conductance Between Uranium Dioxide and Zircaloy-4: Stage II: High Gas Pressure (1980)

An ex-reactor study of the thermal gap conductance between Uranium Dioxide (UO{sub 2}) and Zircaloy-4 (Zr4) was performed under varying conditions of gas pressure (0.1 to 7 MPa); temperature (283 to 673 K); gas composition (He (100); Ar (100); He:Ar (51.79:48.21); and He:Xe (89.4:10.6)); and, average mean-plane separation distance D{sub mp} = 5.9 {micro}m (light contact); and, D{sub mp} = 23.1 {micro}m). In this report a description of the high pressure autoclave, specimen holder and associated apparatus is given together with experimental results. In conjunction with the experimental apparatus an assessment of determinant and indeterminant errors is made. In this report the predicted gap conductance based on the "ideal" expression for the gap conductance, H{sub g} = K{sub gas}/(d + g{sub 1} + g{sub 2}) and assuming D{sub m}p = d and g{sub 1} = g{sub 2}, is compared to the H{sub g} results and found not to be in agreement. Use of the ideal gap conductance expression under these conditions is seen to under-estimate the value of H{sub g} results. A discussion of possible reasons for the differences between the observed and predicted behavior is made. In addition to experimental errors resulting from gaseous convection, a detailed examination of the ideal gap conductance expression reveals that the basic assumptions (upon which the ideal gap conductance expression is derived) are not valid for real surfaces in close proximity and/or contact.
An Acoustic Method for the Detection of Defects in the Nozzle of Plasma Cutting Torches (1987)

An off-line acoustic technique the automatic remote detection of nozzle wear in plasma cutting torches was developed, and a laboratory prototype able to sort out the degraded tips from a batch with 100 percent accuracy was built. The instrument listens for the strong resonant tone that unworn tips were found to generate under certain Row conditions. The amplitude and spectral structure of this tone are extremely sensitive to any changes in the orifice geometry, and thus nozzle wear can be monitored from a very early stage. An exper- imental study revealed conclusively that this sound is produced by the periodic shedding of ring vortices at the exit of the sharp-edged cylin- drical orifice. A linear relationship between peak frequency and the bulk average velocity through the orifice three diameters of tips was observed. Strouhal numbers calculated from this data are in very good agreement with similar experimental work.
Experimental Determination of Valence Band Discontinuities at Cu(Al,Ga)(S,Se)2/GaAs(001) Heterointerfaces Using Ultraviolet Photoemission Spectroscopy (2001)

Ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy measurement was carried out for c (001) plane Cu(Al,Ga)(S,Se) 2 chalcopyrite structure epilayers grown on GaAs(001) substrates to determine valence band discontinuities, Δ E v , at the heterointerfaces. The values of Δ E v were estimated to be about 1.2 eV for CuAlS 2 /GaAs, 1.0 eV for CuAlSe 2 /GaAs, 1.1 eV for CuGaS 2 /GaAs and 0.3 eV for CuGaSe 2 /GaAs. From these values and bandgap energies of the corresponding compounds, Cu(Al,Ga)(S,Se) 2 system is considered to offer the TYPE-I heterostructures between the corresponding narrow bandgap materials and wide bandgap ones.
P1412 A new light to improve the view of the anatomical details during micro-invasive trans-ventricular repair of degenerative prolapse of mitral valve (2020)

Abstract BACKGROUND Mitral valve repair is the preferred surgical treatment for severe mitral regurgitation due to degenerative leaflet prolapse. Within the growing era of transcatheter treatments for valvular heart disease, an innovative micro-invasive trans-ventricular beating-heart procedure was developed. Three-dimensional (3D) transoesophageal echocardiographic guidance is crucial to assist the operator in instrument navigation and chords positioning. 3D ultrasound technology is constantly evolving and a special light, that can be mobilized within the 3D images, has recently been invented. This light allows to illuminate the structures from different points of view and increase the definition of the anatomical details. PURPOSE To show the advantages of this new 3D image analysis technology, described above, through a sequence of intra-procedural images of a mitral valve repair by trans-ventricular polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) chords implantation. METHODS The procedure is performed using a device that is introduced through a posterolateral ventriculotomy and it is advanced towards the mitral valve under real-time 3D transoesophageal guidance. The prolapsing segment, in this case central part of posterior leaflet (Fig. 1 A, B and C), is grasped with the jaw of the instrument (J in Fig. 1D), then the chords are implanted, tensioned and secured outside the ventricle. Figure 1A shows the pre-operative image of posterior leaflet prolapse with flail (P2 segment) and the light illuminates the valve from above. The broken chords (arrow in Fig. 1A) can be recognized with high definition. The light can also be placed on the valve plane (Fig. 1B) or below (Fig. 1C). When illumination occurs from the left ventricular side, the coaptation loss due to the P2 flail is highlighted (arrow in Fig. 1C). After placement, tensioning and securing the chords outside the ventricle, the prolapse disappears and the correct coaptation is re-established (Fig. 1E). The coaptation deficit is no longer visible, even with the light placed below the valve and it is possible to see the light coming out of the aortic valve (Ao), opened in systole, with mitral valve closed (Fig. 1F). RESULTS At the end of the procedure the residual mitral regurgitation was trivial and no loss of coaptation can be evidenced even with the light placed in the left ventricle (Fig. 1F). CONCLUSIONS This new light allows to improve the anatomical definition of 3D echocardiographic images, allows better visualization of the coaptation defects and can be used as a further verification of the result especially in cases of micro-invasive mitral repair. Abstract P1412 Figure 1
Use of ECT for the Inpatient Treatment of Recurrent Major Depression (1998)

The longer stays and higher treatment costs associated with ECT may be a consequence of patient selection. When patient selection is taken into account, prompt administration of ECT is associated with shorter and less costly hospital stays. Nonetheless, economically disadvantaged patients are relatively unlikely to receive this treatment.
Open photoacoustic cell for concentration measurements in rapidly flowing gas (2023)

High temporal resolution concentration measurements in rapid gas flows pose a serious challenge for most analytical instruments. The interaction of such flows with solid surfaces can generate excessive aero-acoustic noise making the application of the photoacoustic detection method seemingly impossible. Yet, the fully open photoacoustic cell (OC) has proven to be operable even when the measured gas flows through it at a velocity of several m/s. The OC is a slightly modified version of a previously introduced OC based on the excitation of a combined acoustic mode of a cylindrical resonator. The noise characteristics and analytical performance of the OC are tested in an anechoic room and under field conditions. Here we present the first successful application of a sampling-free OC for water vapor flux measurements.
The bicarbonate proton in carbonic anhydrase catalysis (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe bicarbonate proton in carbonic anhydrase catalysisY. Pocker and Thomas L. DeitsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 4, 980–986Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00342a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00342a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views127Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multiwavelength cw laser oscillation in a Nd3+ and Er3+ doubly doped fiber laser (1988)

Nd3+ and Er3+ ions are doubly doped in the core part of a single-mode silica fiber. By end-pumping with an Ar ion laser at 514 nm, multiwavelength laser oscillations at 0.908, 0.932, 1.08, and 1.552 μm have been successfully achieved in the 1.5-m-long fiber with an adsorbed pump power of 70 mW.
A Three-Dimensional-Based Morphometric Analysis of a Standardized Overcorrection Technique for Fronto-Orbital Advancement in Metopic Craniosynostosis (2021)

This standardized "overcorrection" approach for trigonocephaly can provide the appropriate changes to maintain a normal ECA despite a reduction in bifrontal width over time. 3D photogrammetry positively correlated with CT-based measurements and may provide useful information when following patients clinically. Long-term follow-up assessment to determine the necessary degree of overcorrection at skeletal mature is needed.
Germline-encoded neutralization of a Staphylococcus aureus virulence factor by the human antibody repertoire (2016)

Staphylococcus aureus is both an important pathogen and a human commensal. To explore this ambivalent relationship between host and microbe, we analysed the memory humoral response against IsdB, a protein involved in iron acquisition, in four healthy donors. Here we show that in all donors a heavily biased use of two immunoglobulin heavy chain germlines generated high affinity (pM) antibodies that neutralize the two IsdB NEAT domains, IGHV4-39 for NEAT1 and IGHV1-69 for NEAT2. In contrast to the typical antibody/antigen interactions, the binding is primarily driven by the germline-encoded hydrophobic CDRH-2 motifs of IGHV1-69 and IGHV4-39, with a binding mechanism nearly identical for each antibody derived from different donors. Our results suggest that IGHV1-69 and IGHV4-39, while part of the adaptive immune system, may have evolved under selection pressure to encode a binding motif innately capable of recognizing and neutralizing a structurally conserved protein domain involved in pathogen iron acquisition.
Self-Ignition of an Advanced Fuel Field-Reversed Configuration Reactor by Fusion Product Heating (1987)

A self-ignition of a deuterium-deuterium (D-D)-3He fuel field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasma by fusion product heating is studied by using the point plasma model, where an FRC plasma equilibrium is taken into account. It is numerically demonstrated that the D-D-3He plasma can be evolved from a deuterium-tritium burning plasma in a controlled manner by means of a compression-decompression control as well as a fueling control. It is also indicated that the increase of a trapped flux is effective for suppressing the excessive elongation of a plasma during the transition. The proposed method may provide a solution to the problem on plasma heating to attain a D-D-3He self-ignition.
Combined Nonlinear Echo Cancellation and Residual Echo Suppression (2014)

We describe a combined nonlinear acoustic echo cancellation and residual echo suppression system. The echo canceler uses parallel Hammerstein branches consisting of fixed nonlinear basis functions and linear adaptive filters. The residual echo suppressor uses an Artificial Neural Network for modeling of the residual echo spectrum from spectral features computed from the far-end signal. We show that modeling nonlinear ef-fects both in the echo canceler and in the echo suppressor leads to an increased performance of the combined system. 1
Intralesional administration of VAX014 facilitates in situ immunization and potentiates immune checkpoint blockade in immunologically cold tumors (2023)

Intratumoral administration of VAX014 stimulates local immune activation and robust systemic antitumor lymphocytic responses. Combination with systemic ICB deepens systemic antitumor responses to mediate clearance of injected and distal non-injected tumors.
Aperiodic subwavelength Lüneburg lens with nonlinear Kerr effect compensation (2011)

We introduce a Lüneburg lens design where Kerr nonlinearity is used to compensate for the focal point shift caused by diffraction of a Gaussian source. A computationally efficient iterative method introduced in [Opt. Lett. 35, 4148 (2010)] is used to provide ray diagrams in the nonlinear case and verify the focal shift compensation. We study the joint dependence of focal shift on waist size and intensity of Gaussian source, and show how to compensate spherical aberration caused by the nonlinearity by a small perturbation of the Lüneburg profile. Our results are specific to Lüneburg lens but our approach is applicable to more general cases of nonlinear nonperiodic metamaterials.
Molecular characterization of the thermosensitive E1 ubiquitin‐activating enzyme cell mutant A31N‐ts20 (2000)

According to our current knowledge, protein ubiquitination involves three steps: activation of ubiquitin through formation of an energy-rich bond with an E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme; and transfer of activated ubiquitin onto E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, which, in turn, alone, or in combination with E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase enzymes, transfer ubiquitin onto target proteins. A31N-ts20 cells are mouse embryo fibroblasts, thermosensitive for E1. We show here that: (a) the enzymatic activity of the enzyme is heat-inactivatable in vitro; and (b) a major mechanism responsible for E1 inactivation in vivo consists of accelerated destruction. Surprisingly, a >90% reduction in E1 abundance little alters the formation of the bulk of protein-ubiquitin conjugates when A31N-ts20 cells are grown at the nonpermissive temperature, indicating that cautious interpretation of results is required when studying ubiquitination of specific substrates using this cell line. Surprisingly, our data also indicate that, in vivo, ubiquitination of the various protein substrates in A31N-ts20 cells requires different amounts of E1, indicating that this mutant cell line can be used for unveiling the existence of differences in the intimate mechanisms responsible for the ubiquitination of the various cell proteins in vivo, and for providing criteria of reliability when developing in vitro ubiquitination assays for specific proteins.
Foreign Matter Effects on Cotton Color Measurement: Determination and Correction (1993)

Literature has implied that foreign matter affects cotton reflectance and yellowness measurements made with color meters. Samples of seed cotton and lint were measured for reflectance and yellowness before and after hand cleaning of the sample faces. Results confirmed the existence of the cleaning effect on color measurements which was more pronounced with seed cotton. Because disturbance of the sample face was minimized, change in trash content appeared to be the main cause of the effect. The change in the measured area of trash in the sample face correlated well with the change in reflectance for seed cotton, but change in yellowness was less predictable. To remove the effects of trash particles on color measurements, a new method was devised in which spectrally filtered images of lint and seed cotton samples were acquired with a monochrome video camera, and a computer algorithm was written to allow color measurement on essentially lint only by not considering pixels classified as trash in the calculation of either reflectance or yellowness. Color and trash measurements were also made with a High Volume Instrument color/trash meter. Trash particles then were removed by hand from the faces of the cotton samples. Color and trash measurements were then made again with the High Volume Instrument color/trash meter. While prediction of green-red reflectance after cleaning was not improved with the new method, the blue-band reflectance of uncleaned seed cotton was more highly correlated with that of cleaned seed cotton when the new measurement technique was used. This improvement was also marginally true with lint. Additionally, prediction of blue-band reflectance of cleaned lint from that of uncleaned seed cotton was improved with the new method. Gin process-control systems requiring evaluation of seed cotton color would benefit from the use of such a technique which lessens the effects of nonlint material on color measurements.
Downsizing of Ferroelectric-Gate Field-Effect-Transistors for Ferroelectric-NAND Flash Memory Cells (2011)

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