gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Rigid body pose estimation accuracy: a comparison of single-camera and stereo techniques</title> (1994)

This paper analyzes the accuracy of rigid body pose estimation (measurement of attitude angles and position, i.e., six degrees of freedom, or six DOF) using imaging sensors. Different approaches are evaluated using an analytic model and actual measurements made on the video images of an airplane. The performance of the single-camera technique is compared with stereo methods. Single-camera pose estimation is preferred in a number of measurement and control applications because, in addition to requiring less hardware and processing resources, it simplifies the system setup and operation. Except for the camera-to-object distance, the single-camera accuracy is shown to be comparable with stereo techniques and viable for a number of applications. The analytic results are validated using measurements made on the airplane video sequence using a software specially developed for image-based six DOF estimation.
Live Cell Interferometry Quantifies Dynamics of Biomass Partitioning during Cytokinesis (2014)

The equal partitioning of cell mass between daughters is the usual and expected outcome of cytokinesis for self-renewing cells. However, most studies of partitioning during cell division have focused on daughter cell shape symmetry or segregation of chromosomes. Here, we use live cell interferometry (LCI) to quantify the partitioning of daughter cell mass during and following cytokinesis. We use adherent and non-adherent mouse fibroblast and mouse and human lymphocyte cell lines as models and show that, on average, mass asymmetries present at the time of cleavage furrow formation persist through cytokinesis. The addition of multiple cytoskeleton-disrupting agents leads to increased asymmetry in mass partitioning which suggests the absence of active mass partitioning mechanisms after cleavage furrow positioning.
Multiple decomposition pathways for monoalkylpalladium(II) complexes lacking accessible .beta.-hydrogens (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMultiple decomposition pathways for monoalkylpalladium(II) complexes lacking accessible .beta.-hydrogensEfi. Gretz and Ayusman. SenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 19, 6038–6039Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00279a062https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00279a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views191Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Coping with packet replay attacks in wireless networks (2011)

In this paper, we consider a variant of packet replay attacks wherein, an attacker simply replays overheard frames as they are, or with minor manipulations in the packet header; we refer to this as the copycat attack. When routers forward such replayed packets, the levels of congestion and interference increase in large portions of the network. Our experiments indicate that even a single attacker can degrade the route throughput by up to 61%. While simple to use techniques such as digitally signing every packet can stem the dissemination of such packets, they are resource intense. Thus, we design a lightweight detection and prevention system, COPS (for Copycat Online Prevention System), that intelligently uses a combination of digital signatures and Bloom filters to cope with the attack. With our system, the task of identifying and discarding replayed packets is distributed across a plurality of nodes on a route. We implement COPS on real hardware and perform experiments on our 42 node wireless testbed. Our measurements indicate that COPS achieves its objective; it can efficiently contain the effects of replayed packets to a local neighborhood without incurring high resource consumption penalties. Specifically, we show that COPS reduces the route throughput degradation by up to 66%.
Stereocomplex formation in ABA triblock copolymers of poly(lactide) (A) and poly(ethylene glycol) (B) (1995)

Abstract Two series of triblock copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG, number‐average molecular weight M n = 6000) and poly( L ‐lactide) (PLLA) or poly( D ‐lactide) (PDLA) were prepared by ring‐opening polymerization of lactide initiated by PEG end groups using stannous octoate as a catalyst, either in refluxing toluene or in the melt at 175°C. The weight percentage of PLA in the polymers varied between 15 and 75 wt.‐%. Blends of polymers containing blocks of opposite chirality were prepared by co‐precipitation from homogeneous solutions. The melting temperatures of the crystalline PEG and PLA phases strongly depended on the composition of the polymers. The melting temperature of the PLA phase in the blends was approximately 40°C higher than that of the single block copolymers. Stereocomplex formation between blocks of enantiomeric poly(lactides) in PEG/PLA block copolymers was established for the first time. Water uptake of polymeric films prepared by solution casting was solely determined by the PEG content of the film.
Degradation study of mesotrione and other triketone herbicides on soils and sediments (2015)

Triketone compounds are considered to be less stable in the ecosystems in comparison with other herbicides. However, their degradation processes in environment are under investigation as both parents and degradation products can exhibit toxicity on non-target organisms. The objective of this research was to investigate the degradation of triketone herbicides: mesotrione, sulcotrione, and tembotrione, as well as their degradation products in soils and sediments. The degradation studies were conducted in soil and sediment samples with different physicochemical properties. All experiments were conducted under standard experimental conditions; therefore, it was possible to assess the influence of pH, organic carbon (OC) content of soils and sediments, and the sunlight on the stability of triketones and their degradation products. The conditions of extraction and chromatographic determination were optimized for the determination of triketones and their degradation products in laboratory-spiked sediment and soil samples. The triketone degradation products exhibited higher stability in soil and sediment samples in comparison with parent herbicides. Soil microorganisms accelerated the degradation of all investigated compounds. In alkaline soil and sediments, all analytes exhibited higher stability in comparison with the acidic sorbents. The influence of OC content in sorbents was not evident. Photodegradation was the main path of triketones decomposition in soils and sediments. Since the stability of triketone herbicides may be significant, depending on the environmental conditions, the monitoring of the concentration of these compounds and in particular their degradation products should be conducted under the field conditions.
Treatment area considerations for mass casualty incidents. (2006)

Mass casualty response is one of the most difficult aspects of emergency medical services. The medical incident command system is designed to treat and stabilize patients in a safe and effective manner. At the center of this is the treatment area. A well-thought-out, adequately staffed treatment area will greatly enhance any system's ability to meet and exceed the demands of almost any multicasualty event.
Evaluation of Organic Sulfonic Acids as Catalyst during Cellulose Liquefaction Using Ethylene Carbonate (2001)

Cellulose liquefaction was successfully conducted using ethylene carbonate (EC) as a liquefying agent and organic sulfonic acids, such as methanesulfonic acid (MSA) or p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA), as a catalyst. Due to the higher crystallinity of cellulose, organic sulfonic acids were more effective at higher temperatures (170 ~ 180 ℃). Consequently, at 180 ℃ with 3.58 mmol of organic sulfonic acid catalysts, liquefaction yield was about 99% compared to 80% at 150 ℃ and with 8.95 mmol. In addition, at 180 ℃, the rate of reaction using MSA was approximately 5 times faster than at 150 ℃. Sulfuric acid (SA) was more effective than the organic sulfonic acids at lower acid concentrations and temperatures. FTIR spectroscopy of the residue revealed a strong carbonyl band when SA was used as the catalyst, indicating more decomposition of the cellulose. An X-ray analysis showed similar crystallinity results for the cellulose and the residue that remained after liquefaction, indicating that most of the residue was derived from the crystalline area of cellulose.
<title>Effect of controlled vacancy injection by ion implantation on the intermixing of InGa/GaAs quantum wells</title> (1992)

- The diffusion coefficient of interdiffusion in InGaAs/GaAs strained quantum wells has been determined as a function of time following implantation with gallium arsenic and krypton ions. All implants were shown to produce some collisional mixing. Gallium implantation produced no enhancement of the intermixing over unimplanted samples whilst krypton implantation produced a factor oftwo increase in the interdiffusion. Arsenic implantation produced a two step diffusion mechanism with a fast initialdiffusion(20 times unimplanted)and a steady state region similar to that observed with krypton implants. I.
Taxation of Series LLCs in Texas: Bigger Isn’t Always Better in the Lone Star State (2014)

Texas’s Comptroller of Public Accounts announced a policy concerning the taxation of series LLCs in which all series of a series LLC should be aggregated and treated as a single taxable entity for Texas franchise tax purposes. The comptroller’s policy of aggregating a series LLC into a single taxable entity for Texas franchise tax purposes illustrates that bigger is not always better. This article addresses whether the comptroller’s policy concerning the taxation of series LLCs is correct or sound tax policy. The author believes the policy is not sound because the comptroller’s policy does not have statutory support and creates constitutional and procedural issues. The comptroller’s policy also treats similarly situation taxpayers differently, and it likely will not significantly lessen administrative burdens for either the comptroller or taxpayers. Furthermore, the comptroller’s policy is at odds with the position adopted by other states and the policy adopted for federal income tax purposes.
Basic belief assignment approximations using degree of non-redundancy for focal element (2019)

Dempster-Shafer evidence theory, also called the theory of belief function, is widely used for uncertainty modeling and reasoning. However, when the size and number of focal elements are large, the evidence combination will bring a high computational complexity. To address this issue, various methods have been proposed including the implementation of more efficient combination rules and the simplifications or approximations of Basic Belief Assignments (BBAs). In this paper, a novel principle for approximating a BBA into a simpler one is proposed, which is based on the degree of non-redundancy for focal elements. More non-redundant focal elements are kept in the approximation while more redundant focal elements in the original BBA are removed first. Three types of degree of non-redundancy are defined based on three different definitions of focal element distance, respectively. Two different implementations of this principle for BBA approximations are proposed including a batch and an iterative type. Examples, experiments, comparisons and related analyses are provided to validate proposed approximation approaches.
The Effect of Seoritae Extract in Men with Mild to Moderate Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Suggestive of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (2016)

We evaluated the effects of Seoritae extract (SE) on mild to moderate lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Seventy-six subjects with mild to moderate LUTS suggestive of BPH were prospectively recruited from the urology outpatient clinic and assigned to either SE (4200 mg or 6 tablets 3 times a day) or matching placebo. The primary outcome variable, the International Prostatic Symptom Score (IPSS), was evaluated at baseline and at 4 and 12 weeks. Postvoid residual volume (PVR), maximum urine flow rate (Q max), and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were evaluated. IPSSs decreased significantly from baseline to 12 weeks within the SE group. Significant improvements in IPSS voiding scores at 4 and 12 weeks were also observed in the SE group compared to the placebo group. IPSS storage and quality of life scores were also significantly decreased at 12 weeks in the SE group. There was no change in Q max or PVR in both groups after 12 weeks. Administration of SE for 12 weeks led to significant improvements in LUTS, and it can be concerned as a reasonable and safe alternative for men with mild to moderate LUTS.
Mapping of Purkinje Neuron Loss and Polyglucosan Body Accumulation in Hereditary Cerebellar Degeneration in Scottish Terriers (2011)

A hereditary cerebellar degenerative disorder has emerged in Scottish Terriers. The aims of this study were to describe and quantify polyglucosan body accumulation and quantify Purkinje neurons in the cerebellum of affected and control dogs. The brains of 6 affected Scottish Terriers ranging in age from 8 to 15 years and 8 age-matched control dogs were examined histopathologically. Counts of Purkinje neurons and polyglucosan bodies were performed in control and affected dogs on cerebellar sections stained with periodic acid-Schiff. Affected dogs showed a significant loss of Purkinje neurons compared with control dogs (vermis: P < .0001; hemisphere: P = .0104). The degeneration was significantly more pronounced dorsally than ventrally (P < .0001). There were significantly more polyglucosan bodies in the ventral half of the vermis when compared with the dorsal half (P < .0001) in affected dogs. In addition, there were more polyglucosan bodies in the ventral half of the vermis in affected dogs than in control dogs (P = .0005). Polyglucosan bodies in all affected dogs stained positively with toluidine blue and alcian blue. Immunohistochemically, polyglucosan bodies in affected dogs were positive for neurofilament 200 kD and ubiquitin and negative for glial fibrillary acidic protein, synaptophysin, neurospecific enolase, vimentin, and S100; the bodies were negative for all antigens in control dogs. Ultrastructurally, polyglucosan bodies in 1 affected dog were non-membrane-bound, amorphous structures with a dense core. This study demonstrates significant Purkinje cell loss and increased polyglucosan bodies in the cerebellum of affected Scottish Terriers.
A Compromised-Time-Cost Scheduling Algorithm in SwinDeW-C for Instance-Intensive Cost-Constrained Workflows on a Cloud Computing Platform (2010)

The concept of cloud computing continues to spread widely, as it has been accepted recently. Cloud computing has many unique advantages which can be utilized to facilitate workflow execution. Instance-intensive cost-constrained cloud workflows are workflows with a large number of workflow instances (i.e. instance intensive) bounded by a certain budget for execution (i.e. cost constrained) on a cloud computing platform (i.e. cloud workflows). However, there are, so far, no dedicated scheduling algorithms for instance-intensive cost-constrained cloud workflows. This paper presents a novel compromised-time-cost scheduling algorithm which considers the characteristics of cloud computing to accommodate instance-intensive cost-constrained workflows by compromising execution time and cost with user input enabled on the fly. The simulation performed demonstrates that the algorithm can cut down the mean execution cost by over 15% whilst meeting the user-designated deadline or shorten the mean execution time by over 20% within the user-designated execution cost.
Transition metal carbonyl cluster chemistry (2001)

INTRODUCTION Definition and Scope Transition Metal Carbonyl Clusters ELECTRON COUNTING AND METAL-METAL BONDING The Ligands The Eighteen-Electron Rule The Effective Atomic Number (EAN) Rule Wade's Rules The Isolobal Principle Polyhedral Skeletal Electron Pair Theory (PSEPT) The Capping Principle Condensed Polyhedra STRUCTURE Mononuclear and Dinuclear Complexes Trinuclear and Tetranuclear Clusters Pentanuclear and Hexanuclear Clusters Capped Polyhedra Coupled and Condensed Polyhedra Open and Planar Clusters Larger Clusters Clusters with Metal-Metal Multiple Bonds LIGANDS Carbon Monoxide Ligands Related to CO Phosphorus Ligands Interstitial Main Group Atoms Hydride Ligands Unsaturated Organic Ligands Other Ligands CHARACTERISATION TECHNIQUES Infrared Spectroscopy Mass Spectrometry Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy X-ray Crystallography Miscellaneous Characterisation Techniques Cluster-Surface Analogy SYNTHESIS Simple Homoleptic Carbonyls High Nuclearity Carbonyl Clusters REACTIVITY Reduction Protonation Substitution Association and Dissociation Oxidative Addition and Reductive Elimination Carbide Formation Cluster Decomposition Reactions REACTIONS WITH ORGANIC LIGANDS Alkyl and Alkylidyne Clusters Alkenes, Alkynes and Allyls C5-Rings C6-Rings C7 and C8-Rings Heterocycles HETERONUCLEAR CARBONYL CLUSTERS Synthesis Heterosite Reactivity ORGANIC TRANSFORMATIONS USING STOICHIOMETRIC AND CATALYTIC QUANTITIES OF CLUSTERS Establishing Catalysis by Clusters Hydrogenation Reactions Hydroformylation The Water-Gas Shift Reaction C-H Bond Activation and C-C Bond Formation Mixed -metal Clusters in Catalysis Supported Cluster Catalysis and Use of Non-Organic Solvents
Regeneration of bicortical defects in the iliac crest of estrogen‐deficient sheep, using new biodegradable polyurethane bone graft substitutes (2006)

Porous scaffolds for cancellous bone graft substitutes were prepared from new experimental biodegradable aliphatic polyurethane elastomers with varying hydrophilicity. The ratios of the hydrophilic-to-hydrophobic content in the polymers were 30-70, 50-50, and 70-30%, respectively. The hydrophilic component consisted of poly(ethylene oxide) diol and the hydrophobic component of poly(epsilon-caprolactone) diol. To promote the materials' biological performance, the calcium complexing moiety, the polysaccharide, and vitamin D(3) were incorporated into the polymer chain upon synthesis. The scaffolds had an interconnected porous structure with an average pore size in the range of 300-2,000 microm and pore-to-volume ratios of (85 +/- 5)%. The bone substitutes were implanted (press-fit) in biocortical 10 x 10 mm(2) defects created in the tuber coxae of 21 skeletally mature Warhill ewes, which were ovariectomized 12 months prior to implantation. At the time of euthanasia at 18 and 25 months, all the defects in the ilium implanted with polyurethane bone substitutes had healed with new bone. The extent of bone healing depended on the chemical composition of the polymer from which the implant was made, although for the same material there were animal-related differences in healing. The structure of the newly formed cancellous bone was radiographically and histologically similar to the native bone. The implants from polymers with the incorporated calcium-complexing additive were the most effective promoters of bone healing, followed by those with vitamin D(3) and polysaccharide-containing polymer. There was no bone healing in the control defects.
Optical Wavelength Shifter for Wavelength-Division-Multiplexed Networks (1992)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text B. Glance and J. M. Wiesenfeld, "Optical Wavelength Shifter for Wavelength-Division-Multiplexed Networks," Optics & Photonics News 3(12), 31-31 (1992) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Bridging the Accuracy Gap for 2-bit Quantized Neural Networks (QNN) (2018)

Deep learning algorithms achieve high classification accuracy at the expense of significant computation cost. In order to reduce this cost, several quantization schemes have gained attention recently with some focusing on weight quantization, and others focusing on quantizing activations. This paper proposes novel techniques that target weight and activation quantizations separately resulting in an overall quantized neural network (QNN). The activation quantization technique, PArameterized Clipping acTivation (PACT), uses an activation clipping parameter $α$ that is optimized during training to find the right quantization scale. The weight quantization scheme, statistics-aware weight binning (SAWB), finds the optimal scaling factor that minimizes the quantization error based on the statistical characteristics of the distribution of weights without the need for an exhaustive search. The combination of PACT and SAWB results in a 2-bit QNN that achieves state-of-the-art classification accuracy (comparable to full precision networks) across a range of popular models and datasets.
Digitization of Scalar Fields for NISQ-Era Quantum Computing (2018)

Qubit, operator and gate resources required for the digitization of lattice $\lambda\phi^4$ scalar field theories onto quantum computers in the NISQ era are considered, building upon the foundational work by Jordan, Lee and Preskill. The Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem, introduced in this context by Macridin, Spetzouris, Amundson and Harnik building on the work of Somma, provides a guide with which to evaluate the efficacy of two field-space bases, the eigenstates of the field operator, as used by Jordan, Lee and Preskill, and eigenstates of a harmonic oscillator, to describe $0+1$- and $1+1$-dimensional scalar field theory. We show how techniques associated with improved actions, which are heavily utilized in Lattice QCD calculations to systematically reduce lattice-spacing artifacts, can be used to reduce the impact of the field digitization in $\lambda\phi^4$, but are found to be inferior to a complete digitization-improvement of the Hamiltonian using a Quantum Fourier Transform. When the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem is satisfied, digitization errors scale as $|\log|\log |\epsilon_{\rm dig}|||\sim n_Q$ (number of qubits describing the field at a given spatial site) for the low-lying states, leaving the familiar power-law lattice-spacing and finite-volume effects that scale as $|\log |\epsilon_{\rm latt}||\sim N_Q$ (total number of qubits in the simulation). We find that fewer than $n_Q =10$ qubits per spatial lattice site are sufficient to reduce digitization errors below noise levels expected in NISQ-era quantum devices for both localized and delocalized field-space wavefunctions. For localized wavefunctions, $n_Q = 4$ qubits are likely to be sufficient for calculations requiring modest precision.