gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exploiting Data-Usage Statistics for Website Fingerprinting Attacks on Android (2016)

The browsing behavior of a user allows to infer personal details, such as health status, political interests, sexual orientation, etc. In order to protect this sensitive information and to cope with possible privacy threats, defense mechanisms like SSH tunnels and anonymity networks (e.g., Tor) have been established. A known shortcoming of these defenses is that website fingerprinting attacks allow to infer a user's browsing behavior based on traffic analysis techniques. However, website fingerprinting typically assumes access to the client's network or to a router near the client, which restricts the applicability of these attacks.
Transforming Growth Factor-β-induced Osteoblast Elongation Regulates Osteoclastic Bone Resorption through a p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase- and Matrix Metalloproteinase-dependent Pathway (2001)

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is a powerful modulator of bone metabolism, and both its anabolic and catabolic effects on bone have been described. Here we have tested the hypothesis that TGF-beta-induced changes in osteoblast shape promote bone resorption by increasing the surface area of bone that is accessible to osteoclasts. The addition of TGF-beta1 to MC3T3-E1 cells resulted in cytoskeletal reorganization, augmented expression of focal adhesion kinase, and cell elongation, accompanied by an increase in the area of cell-free substratum. TGF-beta1 also triggered activation of Erk1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. The p38 MAP kinase inhibitor PD169316, but not an inhibitor of the Erk1/2 pathway, abrogated the effect of TGF-beta1 on cell shape. The matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor GM6001 also interfered with osteoblast elongation. Treatment of MC3T3-E1 cells seeded at confluence onto bone slices to mimic a bone lining cell layer with TGF-beta1 also induced cell elongation and increased pit formation by subsequently added osteoclasts. These effects were again blocked by PD169316 and GM6001. We propose that this novel pathway regulating osteoblast morphology plays an important role in the catabolic effects of TGF-beta on bone metabolism.
Energy Stress Regulates Hippo-YAP Signaling Involving AMPK-Mediated Regulation of Angiomotin-like 1 Protein (2014)

Hippo signaling is a tumor-suppressor pathway involved in organ size control and tumorigenesis through the inhibition of YAP and TAZ. Here, we show that energy stress induces YAP cytoplasmic retention and S127 phosphorylation and inhibits YAP transcriptional activity and YAP-dependent transformation. These effects require the central metabolic sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the upstream Hippo pathway components Lats1/Lats2 and angiomotin-like 1 (AMOTL1). Furthermore, we show that AMPK directly phosphorylates S793 of AMOTL1. AMPK activation stabilizes and increases AMOTL1 steady-state protein levels, contributing to YAP inhibition. The phosphorylation-deficient S793Ala mutant of AMOTL1 showed a shorter half-life and conferred resistance to energy-stress-induced YAP inhibition. Our findings link energy sensing to the Hippo-YAP pathway and suggest that YAP may integrate spatial (contact inhibition), mechanical, and metabolic signals to control cellular proliferation and survival.
New phase in stoichiometric Cu6Sn5 and effect of Ni addition on phase stabilization in wide temperature range (2013)

The intermetallic compound Cu6Sn5 layer presenting at the solder-substrate interfaces is integral to micro-electronic solder reliability and a fundamental understanding of Cu6Sn5 crystallography is thus essential to the reliable manufacture and service of a large number of electronic devices. Cu6Sn5 has been shown to exist in at least four variants (η, η’, η6 and η8). A new monoclinic based structure in directly alloyed stoichiometric Cu6Sn5 was identified in our research using variable temperature synchrotron XRD and transmission electron microscopy. The new monoclinic phase is associated with a departure from the equilibrium temperature of the polymorphic monoclinic-hexagonal transformation temperature and the crystal structure was determined from electron diffraction patterns. The addition of Ni can stabilize the hexagonal η - Cu6Sn5 phase in stoichiometric sample by preventing the monoclinic-hexagonal transformation in a wide temperature range and the minimum Ni addition required for stabilisation was determined.
Data from MultiDimensional ClinOmics for Precision Therapy of Children and Adolescent Young Adults with Relapsed and Refractory Cancer: A Report from the Center for Cancer Research (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; We undertook a multidimensional clinical genomics study of children and adolescent young adults with relapsed and refractory cancers to determine the feasibility of genome-guided precision therapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Patients with non-central nervous system solid tumors underwent a combination of whole exome sequencing (WES), whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS), and high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism array analysis of the tumor, with WES of matched germline DNA. Clinically actionable alterations were identified as a reportable germline mutation, a diagnosis change, or a somatic event (including a single nucleotide variant, an indel, an amplification, a deletion, or a fusion gene), which could be targeted with drugs in existing clinical trials or with FDA-approved drugs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Fifty-nine patients in 20 diagnostic categories were enrolled from 2010 to 2014. Ages ranged from 7 months to 25 years old. Seventy-three percent of the patients had prior chemotherapy, and the tumors from these patients with relapsed or refractory cancers had a higher mutational burden than that reported in the literature. Thirty patients (51% of total) had clinically actionable mutations, of which 24 (41%) had a mutation that was currently targetable in a clinical trial setting, 4 patients (7%) had a change in diagnosis, and 7 patients (12%) had a reportable germline mutation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; We found a remarkably high number of clinically actionable mutations in 51% of the patients, and 12% with significant germline mutations. We demonstrated the clinical feasibility of next-generation sequencing in a diverse population of relapsed and refractory pediatric solid tumors. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 22(15); 3810–20. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Efficient polyphase decomposition of Comb decimation filters in ΣΔ analog-to-digital converters (2002)

A power efficient multi-rate multi-stage Comb decimation filter for mono-bit and multi-bit /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ A/D converters is presented. Polyphase decomposition in all stages, with high decimation factor in the first stage, is used to significantly reduce the sampling frequency of the Comb filter. Several implementations indicate that proper choice of the first stage decimation factor can considerably improve power consumption, area and maximum sampling frequency. In multibit /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ A/Ds, this optimum first stage decimation factor is function of the input wordlength.
ChemInform Abstract: NEW SYNTHESES IN DIHYDROJASMONE SERIES (1974)

Abstract Cyclopentanon‐2‐carbonester (I) wird nach Alkylierung zu (II) sauer zu den 2‐substituierten Cyclopentanonen (III) verseift und decarboxyliert.
NMR Studies of Tautomerism and Protonation Patterns in Bis(6-purinyl) Disulfide and Ionic Forms of 6-Mercaptopurine (2007)

1 H- 13 C and 1 H- 15 N HMBC-NMR spectroscopy was applied to study tautomerism and the protonation patterns in 6-mercaptopurine (6mpH) derivatives: bis(6-purinyl) disulfide ((6puS) 2 ), 6-mercaptopurinium cation (6mpH2) and purine-6-thiolate anions (6mp - , 6mp-deH 2- ). 1 H, 13 C, 15 N resonances were assigned and the respective δ 1H , δ 13C , δ 15N chemical shifts as well as J HC , J HN coupling constants determined. Quantum-chemical NMR calculations by GIAO method (B3LYP/6-31G**//RHF/6-31G*) allowed to evaluate the ratio of N(1), N(3), N(7), N(9)H: N(1), N(3), N(7)H, N(9) tautomeric forms for the DMSO-solvated (6puS) 2 molecules as ca. 9:1. The existence of semi-protonated 6mpH·H 3 O + species, intermediate between 6mpH and 6mpH + 2 , and readily oxidized to (6puS) 2 was suggested in the DMSO-d 6 + HCl solution. Further hydrolysis and oxidation of the formed disulfide lead to the derivatives ofpurine-6-sulfenic and purine-6-sulfinic acid.
Mitigating the Negative Side Effects of Reasoning with Imperfect Models: A Multi-Objective Approach (2020)

Agents often operate using imperfect models of the environment that ignore certain aspects of the real world. Reasoning with such models may lead to negative side effects (NSE) when satisfying the primary objective of the available model, which are inherently difficult to identify at design time. We examine how various forms of feedback can be used to learn a penalty function associated with NSE during execution. We formulate the problem of mitigating the impact of NSE as a multi-objective Markov decision process with lexicographic reward preferences and slack. Empirical evaluation of our approach on three domains shows that the proposed framework can successfully mitigate NSE.
The Endometrial Response to Chorionic Gonadotropin Is Blunted in a Baboon Model of Endometriosis (2010)

Endometriosis-associated infertility has a multifactorial etiology. We tested the hypothesis that the endometrial response to the early embryonic signal, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), alters over time in a nonhuman primate model of endometriosis. Animals with experimental or spontaneous endometriosis were treated with hCG (30 IU/d), from d 6 after ovulation for 5 d, via an oviductal cannula. Microarray analysis of endometrial transcripts from baboons treated with hCG at 3 and 6 months of disease (n=6) identified 22 and 165 genes, respectively, whose levels differed more than 2-fold compared with disease-free (DF) animals treated with hCG (P<0.01). Quantitative RT-PCR confirmed abnormal responses of known hCG-regulated genes. APOA1, SFRP4, and PAPPA, which are normally down-regulated by hCG were up-regulated by hCG in animals with endometriosis. In contrast, the ability of hCG to induce SERPINA3 was lost. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated dysregulation of C3 and superoxide dismutase 2 proteins. We demonstrate that this abnormal response to hCG persists for up to 15 months after disease induction and that the nature of the abnormal response changes as the disease progresses. Immunohistochemistry showed that this aberrant gene expression was not a consequence of altered LH/choriogonadotropin receptor distribution in the endometrium of animals with endometriosis. We have shown that endometriosis induces complex changes in the response of eutopic endometrium to hCG, which may prevent the acquisition of the full endometrial molecular repertoire necessary for decidualization and tolerance of the fetal allograft. This may in part explain endometriosis-associated implantation failure.
Town digitizing: recording of street views by using omnidirectional vision sensors (2002)

In this paper, we propose an environment modeling method using an omni-directional vision. sensor (ODVS). In this method. the environment is memorized using the ODVS which is mounted on a vehicle. A Global Positioning System (GPS) is used in order to measure the position of the vehicle. By combining the ODVS with the accurate GPS, high speed model acquisition can be realized. Moreover, in our method, we apply a Fourier transform to the obtained image in order to reduce memory capacity. We have experimented outdoors in order to verify the effectiveness of this method.
Artificial Symmetry-Breaking for Morphogenetic Engineering Bacterial Colonies (2016)

This document is the unedited Author's version of a Submitted Work that was subsequently accepted for publication in ACS Synthetic Biology, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/acssynbio.6b00149. <br><br>Deposited by shareyourpaper.org and openaccessbutton.org. We've taken reasonable steps to ensure this content doesn't violate copyright. However, if you think it does you can request a takedown by emailing help@openaccessbutton.org.
Retronasal Transport of Aroma Compounds (2002)

A comparison was made between the amounts of volatiles in the headspace above a solution and the breath volatile content (exhaled from the nose or mouth) after consumption of the same solution. The amounts of volatiles in the breath were lower than those in the headspace, with breath exhaled via the mouth containing, on average, 8-fold more volatiles than breath exhaled via the nose. Dilution of the sample by saliva in-mouth did not appear to be a major factor affecting volatile delivery. Instead, the rate of in vivo equilibration (mass transfer) appeared to be the most significant factor, principally affecting volatile delivery from the solution to the gas phase. Thereafter, gas-phase dilution of the volatile as it passed through the upper airway resulted in a further decrease in volatile concentration. The final factor affecting the volatile concentration exhaled from the nose was absorption of volatiles to the nasal epithelia, which was greatest for those compounds with the lowest air/water partition coefficients.
Insulin and Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Receptors Act as Ligand-specific Amplitude Modulators of a Common Pathway Regulating Gene Transcription (2010)

Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) act on highly homologous receptors, yet in vivo elicit distinct effects on metabolism and growth. To investigate how the insulin and IGF-1 receptors exert specificity in their biological responses, we assessed their role in the regulation of gene expression using three experimental paradigms: 1) preadipocytes before and after differentiation into adipocytes that express both receptors, but at different ratios; 2) insulin receptor (IR) or IGF1R knock-out preadipocytes that only express the complimentary receptor; and 3) IR/IGF1R double knock-out (DKO) cells reconstituted with the IR, IGF1R, or both. In wild-type preadipocytes, which express predominantly IGF1R, microarray analysis revealed approximately 500 IGF-1 regulated genes (p < 0.05). The largest of these were confirmed by quantitative PCR, which also revealed that insulin produced a similar effect, but with a smaller magnitude of response. After differentiation, when IR levels increase and IGF1R decrease, insulin became the dominant regulator of each of these genes. Measurement of the 50 most highly regulated genes by quantitative PCR did not reveal a single gene regulated uniquely via the IR or IGF1R using cells expressing exclusively IGF-1 or insulin receptors. Insulin and IGF-1 dose responses from 1 to 100 nm in WT, IRKO, IGFRKO, and DKO cells re-expressing IR, IGF1R, or both showed that insulin and IGF-1 produced effects in proportion to the concentration of ligand and the specific receptor on which they act. Thus, IR and IGF1R act as identical portals to the regulation of gene expression, with differences between insulin and IGF-1 effects due to a modulation of the amplitude of the signal created by the specific ligand-receptor interaction.
Ni-P Coated Sn Powders as Anode for Lithium Secondary Batteries (2007)

Nano-sized Sn particles were coated with Ni-P layer using an electroless deposition method and their anodic performance was tested for lithium secondary batteries. Uniform coating layers were obtained, of which the thickness was controlled by varying the <TEX>$Ni^{2+}$</TEX> concentration in the plating bath. It was found that the Ni-P layer plays two important roles in improving the anodic performance of Sn powder electrode. First, it prevents the inter-particle aggregation between Sn particles during the charge/discharge process. Second, it provides an electrical conduction pathway to the Sn particles, which allows an electrode fabrication without an addition of conductive carbon. A pseudo-optimized sample showed a good cyclability and high capacity (<TEX>$>400mAh\;g^{-1}$</TEX>) even without conductive carbon loading.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Fragmentations and Rearrangements of 3‐(1‐Haloalkyl) oxaziridines. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Hydrophilic Residues Are Crucial for Ribosomal Protein L11 (RPL11) Interaction with Zinc Finger Domain of MDM2 and p53 Protein Activation (2011)

Ribosomal protein L11 (RPL11) has been shown to activate p53 by binding to MDM2 and negating its p53 suppression activity in response to ribosomal stress. Although a mutation at Cys-305 within the zinc finger domain of MDM2 has been shown to drastically impair MDM2 interaction with RPL11 and thus escapes the inhibition by this ribosomal protein, it still remains elusive whether RPL11 inactivates MDM2 via direct action on this zinc finger domain and what is the chemical nature of this specific interaction. To define the roles of the MDM2 zinc finger in association with RPL11, we conducted hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, computational modeling, circular dichroism, and mutational analyses of the zinc finger domain of MDM2 and human RPL11. Our study reveals that RPL11 forms a stable complex with MDM2 in vitro through direct contact with its zinc finger. This binding is disrupted by single mutations of non-cysteine amino acids within the zinc finger domain of MDM2. Basic residues in RPL11 are crucial for the stable binding and RPL11 suppression of MDM2 activity toward p53. These results provide the first line of evidence for the specific interaction between RPL11 and the zinc finger of MDM2 via hydrophilic residues as well as a molecular foundation for better understanding RPL11 inhibition of MDM2 function.
Organometallic Glutathione S-Transferase Inhibitors (2017)

A new family of organometallic p-cymene ruthenium(II) and osmium(II) complexes conjugated to ethacrynic acid, a glutathione transferase (GST) inhibitor, is reported. The ethacrynic acid moiety (either one or two) is tethered to the arene ruthenium(II) and osmium(II) fragments via strongly coordinating modified bipyridine ligands. The solid-state structure of one of the complexes, i.e. [Os(eta(6)-p-cymene)CI][(4'-methyl-[2,2'-bipyridin]-4-y1)methyl-2-(2,3-dichloro-4-(2-methylenebutanoyl)phenoxy)acetate]Cl, was established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, corroborating the expected structure. The complexes are efficient inhibitors of GST P1-1, an enzyme expressed in cancer cells and implicated in drug resistance, and are cytotoxic to the GST-overexpressing chemoresistant A2780cisR ovarian cancer cell line.
Receiver Front-end Design for WiMAX/LTE in 90 nm CMOS (2009)

The development of wireless communication systems into multi-standard radio architectures that can process a multitude of frequency bands and modulation schemes has lead to a growing demand for wideband receiver front-ends. To allow for portability and low cost, these new architectures also need to be low power, compact size integrated circuits with a higher degree of components integrated on chip. These requirements have made the simple architecture of the Zero IF receiver especially attractive for this application. The design of a Zero IF receiver that complies both with current standards such as GSM and UMTS as well as the new standards WiMAX and LTE meet several challenges. Both the new standards take advantage of the multi carrier modulation scheme OFDM to increase spectral efficiency, which demands for higher linearity because of a non constant signal envelope. Also the frequency spectrum allocated for WiMAX/ LTE range from 900MHz to 5.8GHz which is several GHz higher than current multi-standard receivers. One possible solution for a high linearity wideband Zero IF receiver is to use the recently developed common gate LNA with capacitive cross-coupling technique, together with a passive down-conversion mixer that has inherently high linearity. In this work an inductorless wideband zero IF receiver front-end is designed. System level budget analysis is performed for the targeted standards WiMAX/LTE to extract noise figure, gain and linearity requirements for the design of the LNA and down-conversion mixer. The WiMAX/LTE receiver front-end is designed using 1.2V 90nm CMOS and consumes 7mW. The receiver front-end provides a gain of 25 dB covering a bandwidth of 4.5 GHz with a noise figure below 5 dB and midband IIP3 of -20 dBm. The layout of the front-end occupies a total chip area of 0.06 mm2.
The Malham Pipe: A Reassessment of Its Context, Dating and Significance (2018)

The Malham Pipe is a musical instrument formed from the tibia of a sheep, and was discovered in 1950 among artefacts revealed during the excavation of a Bronze Age burial mound at Seaty Hill on Malham Moor in the Yorkshire Dales. On the basis of associated finds the pipe was dated originally to the Iron Age, and in a study published in 1952 the musical properties of the pipe were examined physically at a level of detail that set a benchmark for the characterization of other such objects discovered subsequently. However, in the intervening period the dating of the pipe has been questioned. In this paper, following a detailed reappraisal of the Seaty Hill finds and dating evidence, including burial practice and settlement remains in the locality, and their wider historical context, we have concluded that the Malham Pipe is of post-Roman date. We believe, therefore, that although the Malham Pipe may no longer be claimed to be the earliest known duct flute found in the British Isles, nevertheless it appears to be the first recorded bone flute found in a post-Roman (Anglo-Saxon) burial context.
OZONOLYSIS OF UNSATURATED NORBORNENE OLIGOESTERS (2001)

It was shown that the polycondensation of endic anhydride with diethylene glycol is described by the second-order kinetic equation and proceeds according to the A ac1 mechanism. The acidic catalysis of ozonolysis of unsaturated norbornene oligoesters in the presence of carboxyl oxide catchers is accompanied by the occurrence of several processes: crosslinking of oligomeric chains, formation of aldehyde alkoxyhydroperoxides, and decomposition of peracids to the carboxylic ones. When the ozonolysis reaction is carried out in the presence of ethyl alcohol, a carbon-carbon double bond transforms into monoesters of dicarboxylic acids.
Position estimation using GPS and dead reckoning (2002)

A method for estimating vehicle position by using GPS, a fiber optic gyro and encoders is proposed. The position estimator in this method is the optimal in the sense of least variance. The production of an experimental autonomous lawn mower and the evaluation of the performance of the method are reported. The relation between the performance and the accuracy of GPS is discussed in terms of the parallelism of the lines, the uniformity of the spaces between the lines, and the straightness of the lines.