gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of acylpyrroles via .alpha.-(dimethylamino)-.alpha.-pyrrolylacetonitriles (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of acylpyrroles via .alpha.-(dimethylamino)-.alpha.-pyrrolylacetonitrilesBrian L. Bray and Joseph M. MuchowskiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 26, 6115–6118Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00261a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00261a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views621Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Clustering and indexing of experience sequences for popularity-driven recommendations (2006)

As part of our iCare efforts, we are developing mechanisms that provide guidance to individuals who are blind in diverse contexts. A fundamental challenge in this context is to represent and index experiences that can be used to provide recommendations. In this paper, we address the challenge of indexing experiences in order to retrieve them based on their popularities. In particular, we model experiences as sequences of propositional statements from a particular domain (daily life, web browsing, etc.). We then show that knowledge about domain constraints (such as commutativity between possible statements) need to be used for clustering and indexing experiences for popularity-search. We also highlight that don't cares (propositional statements not relevant to the user's query) make the task of popularity indexing challenging. Thus, we develop a canonical-sequence based approach that significantly reduces the experience sequence retrieval time in the presence of commutations. We introduce rule-compression, which helps achieve further reductions in the retrieval cost. We propose a novel two-level index structure, EXPdex, to efficiently answer wildcard (don't care) queries. We compare the proposed approach analytically and experimentally to a don't care-unaware solution, which does not take into account wildcards in queries while constructing the popularity index. Experiments show that the proposed approach provides large savings in retrieval time when commutations between the elements of sequences are allowed.
The DOGMA Approach to Parallel and Distributed Computing (1999)

Heterogeneous distributed computing has traditionally been a problematic undertaking which increases in complexity as heterogeneity increases. This paper presents results obtained using DOGMA--a Java based system which simplifies parallel computing on heterogeneous computers. The performance of Java just-in-time compilers currently approaches C++ for many applications, making Java a serious contender for parallel application development. DOGMA provides support for dedicated clusters as well as idle workstations through the use of a web based browse-in feature or the DOGMA screen saver. DOGMA supports parallel programming in both a traditional message passing form and a novel object-oriented approach. This research provides a unified environment for developing high performance parallel applications on heterogeneous systems.
Adaptive spatiotemporal multiple sensor fusion (2003)

We have developed and applied a spatiotemporal fusion framework that uses different fusion strategies across time frames (temporal fusion) as well as between sensors (spatial fusion). We have developed, at the feature level, new and different fusion strategies (additive and minmax fusion) in addition to the traditional strategies (multiplicative, min, and max fusion). These different fusion strategies are compared and predicted by their receiver operating characteristics performance in the likelihood-reading domain. Furthermore, by applying the additive fusion strategy, we have developed methods for adaptive sensor weighting using reliability functions to improve fusion performance. Our simulated test and analysis results show that temporal fusion (as well as spatial fusion) can considerably improve target classification, and also show that the adaptive sensor weighting using reliability functions can significantly improve fusion performance when one sensor is much more reliable than the other. Finally, we propose an optimal integrated spatiotemporal multiple sensor fusion system that includes two new processors: the adaptive processor and the fusion selection processor.
Maintaining Transitive Closure of Graphs in SQL (1999)

It is common knowledge that relational calculus and even SQL are not expressive enough to express recursive queries such as the transitive closure. In a real database system, one can overcome this problem by storing a graph together with its transitive closure and maintaining the latter whenever updates to the former occur. This leads to the concept of an incremental evaluation system, or IES. Much is already known about the theory of IES but very little has been translated into practice. The purpose of this paper is to ll in this gap by providing a gentle introduction to and an overview of some recent theoretical results on IES. The introduction is through the translation into SQL of three interesting positive maintenance results that have practical importance { the maintenance of the transitive closure of acyclic graphs, of undirected graphs, and of arbitrary directed graphs. Interestingly, these examples also allow ustoshow the relationship between power and cost in the incremental maintenance of database queries. 1
A new sequential classification to assist Ad auction agent in making decisions (2010)

One of the critical abilities of intelligent agents is making quick, accurate and wise decision within dynamic environments in a reasonable period of time. This paper introduces a new sequence classification method based on positive and negative sequential patterns. The historical log data from previous performance “TAC/Ad auction” has been used for the classification. We have applied Nconf: an “interestingness measure” to prune meaningless negative and positive candidates. Our experiments showed that agents equipped with this classifier can earn higher profit compared to non equipped ones. Our findings lead us to believe that with some additional tune during the run we may achieve more qualified agents.
Detecting quantum correlations for quantum key distribution (2005)

Practical quantum key distribution can be understood as a two-step procedure: in a first step two parties exchange quantum mechanical signals and perform measurements on them, in a second step auxiliary classical communication protocols are performed over an authenticated public channel to transform the data of the first step into an information-theoretic secure key. In this article we address the question of necessary conditions on the correlated (classical) data of the first step such that there can be a successful second step at all. As it turns out, a necessary condition is that these data, together with the knowledge about the physical set-up of sender and receiver, allow to establish a proof of effective entanglement between the two parties. We then demonstrate methods to systematically search for such a proof in basic settings, involving the 2-, 4-, and 6-state protocols.
A newapproach totheassessment ofanaerobic metabolism: measurementoflactate insaliva (1996)

Objective-To testthehypothesis that saliva lactate concentrations may reflect thosepresentinbloodandthatsaliva lactatecan beusedas a very convenient and usefulvariable inthestudyofanaerobic metabolism. Methods-Parallel determinations were madeoflactate insaliva andincapillary bloodsamples, obtained at3minintervals fromnineindividuals duringtheperformance ofa maximum gradedexercise test on a cycleergometeragainst increasing workloads (from25up toa maximum of 300W).Lactate determinations were done bymeans ofan electroenzymatic method using25plsamplesinbothtypesoffluids. Results-For eachsituation, theconcentration oflactate insaliva was showntobe about15%ofthatinplasmabutitfollowed thesame patternofevolution duringthe exercise test.A goodcorrelation (r= 0.81) betweenbloodandsaliva lactate concentrations was found.The precision ofthe methodwas very good,witha coefficient ofvariation ranging(n=10) between2.2% forsampleswithvery lowlactate concentrations and0.7%forsamplewithmoderate lactateconcentrations. Lactate appeared tobevery stable insaliva over a periodof40daysaftercollection, when keptat4'C.Thevalues obtained after this periodwere virtually identical to those showninfreshsamples. Conclusions-Determination oflactate in saliva can be usedas an alternative to determination inblood, overcoming most ofthedrawbacksoftheprocedures being usedatpresent,sincethecollection ofthe samplesrequired no special expertise. (BrJSports Med1996;30:305-309)
MCL1 Enhances the Survival of CD8 + Memory T Cells after Viral Infection (2014)

During an immune response to a virus, CD8(+) T cells kill cells infected by the virus, and most die when the infection resolves. However, a small proportion of cells survives and differentiates into long-lived memory cells that confer protection from reinfection by the same virus. This report shows that transgenic expression of an MCL1 protein enhances survival of memory CD8(+) T cells following infection with vaccinia virus. This is important because it shows that MCL1 expression may be an important determinant of the formation of long-term CD8(+) T cell memory.
Boronic Acid-Catalyzed Final-Stage Site-Selective Acylation for the Total Syntheses of <i>O</i>-3′-Acyl Bisabolol β-D-Fucopyranoside Natural Products and Their Analogues (2021)

The first concise total syntheses of O-3'-senecioyl α-bisabolol β-D-fucopyranoside (4a) and O-3'-isovaleroyl α-bisabolol β-D-fucopyranoside (4b) were achieved through final-stage site-selective acylation via the activation of cis-vicinal diols by imidazole-containing boronic acid catalysts as a key step. This synthetic method was also effective for the syntheses of unnatural analogues with modified acyl side chains or carbohydrate moiety.
Synthesis and Reactivity of Molybdenum(IV) Complexes with Alkyl and Aryl Isocyanides (2005)

The synthesis and characterization of the bis(isocyanide) complexes (RNC)2Mo(NPh)(o-(Me3SiN)2C6H4) (2: 2a, R = tBuNC; 2b, R = 2,6-dimethylphenyl) and the subsequent reactivity of these complexes with excess isocyanide have been reported. An X-ray crystal structure of (RNC)2Mo(NPh)(o-(Me3SiN)2C6H4) (R = 2,6-dimethylphenyl) is reported. Treatment of 2a with excess tert-butyl isocyanide resulted in the formation of the tris(isocyanide) complex (tBuNC)3Mo(NPh)(o-(Me3SiN)2C6H4) (3). Complex 3 exists in solution in equilibrium with 2a. Using a two-site exchange mechanism the activation barrier for the dissociative exchange of tBuNC has been calculated. The X-ray crystal structure of (tBuNC)3Mo(NPh)(o-(Me3SiN)2C6H4) is reported. Computational studies (ONIOM) performed on 3 reveal that π conflicts in this complex results in the lengthening of the Mo−N(amido)cis bond relative to the Mo−N(amido)transbond. Treatment of 2b with excess 2,6-dimethylphenyl isocyanide results in the slow insertion of the isocyanide ligands into the Mo−N bond of the chelating diamide ligand, resulting in a novel chelating iminocarbamoyl bis(isocyanide) complex, 4. An X-ray crystal structure of 4 is reported.
Two-dimensional synthetic-aperture focusing technique in photoacoustic microscopy (2011)

Angiogenesis plays an important role in tumor growth and expansion, which makes it one of the most critical subjects in oncologic research. Angiogenesis can be imaged with photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), however the lateral resolution deteriorates significantly out of focus. Virtual-point-detector-based synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT) combined with the coherence weighting factor (CF) can alleviate the blurring, at a cost of anisotropy of resolution. In this study, a two-dimensional SAFT with CF was investigated to improve resolution and yield lateral resolution isotropy simultaneously. In a phantom study, two carbon fibers with a diameter of 6 μm fixed perpendicularly to each other were imaged with PAM developed in our laboratory. In the depth range of 0.6 mm near the focal spot, the best resolution processed with one-dimensional (1D) SAFT is 40 μm better than that processed with two-dimensional (2D) SAFT. However, the maximum difference in lateral resolution between the z-x and z-y planes is about 15 μm processed with 2D SAFT, while it is 145 μm processed with 1D SAFT. Furthermore, the 2D SAFT increased the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by up to 8 dB higher than 1D SAFT at an imaging depth of 700 μm below the focal spot. Finally, in vivo imaging of the dorsal subcutaneous microvasculature of a mouse was used to validate the improved performance of 2D SAFT.
<title>Adaptive surface meshing and multiresolution terrain depiction for SVS</title> (2001)

Many of today's and tomorrow's aviation applications demand accurate and reliable digital terrain elevation databases. Particularly future Vertical Cut Displays or 3D Synthetic Vision Systems (SVS) require accurate and hi-resolution data to offer a reliable terrain depiction. On the other hand, optimized or reduced terrain models are necessary to ensure real-time rendering and computing performance. In this paper a new method for adaptive terrain meshing and depiction for SVS is presented. The initial data set is decomposed by using a wavelet transform. By examining the wavelet coefficients, an adaptive surface approximation for various Level-of-Detail is determined. Additionally, the dyadic scaling of the wavelet transform is used to build a hierarchical quad-tree representation for the terrain data. This representation enhances fast interactive computations and real-time rendering methods. The proposed terrain representation is integrated into a standard navigation display. Due to the multi-resolution data organization, terrain depiction e.g. resolution is adaptive to a selected zooming level or flight phase. Moreover, the wavelet decomposition helps to define local regions of interest. A depicted terrain resolution has a finer grain nearby the current airplane position and gets coarser with increasing aircraft distance. In addition, flight critical regions can be depicted in a higher resolution.
Potential action of copper surfaces on meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (2010)

This research provides a mechanistic explanation in support of previous suggestions that although copper surfaces do not affect membrane integrity of cells, there is still a rapid antimicrobial effect.
Gas Adsorption Isotherm for Dealuminated Zeolites (1997)

A new equation for complex adsorption isotherms was developed by using a mathematical method well-known in control engineering. On the basis of this analogy, it is possible to describe the transitional region between Langmuir isotherms and isotherms following Henry's law. Development and verification of the equation are based on experimental data of the system zeolite DAY−ethanol−air.
Experimental study of noise and dissipation effects on dynamical localization (2003)

Summary form only given. Caesium atoms are trapped and cooled in a magneto-optical trap. Deterministic entanglement is a crucial requirement for large-scale quantum computation. We investigate the several technical problems with this ion trap quantum computer.
Supplemental Legends from Hypoxia Selectively Enhances Integrin α<sub>5</sub>β<sub>1</sub> Receptor Expression in Breast Cancer to Promote Metastasis (2023)

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Curriculum-focused design (2003)

In this paper we describe a technique of Curriculum-Focused Design, and the aspects of our research experience on which the technique is based. Our technique is a variant of Druin's Cooperative Inquiry. Cooperative Inquiry is a well-developed design practice for children, but it has been practised largely outside the classroom. Druin's technique has also been developed in American schools, which have greater curriculum flexibility than English schools, which are highly curriculum-focused. We studied the English curriculum and identified an area that we believed could fruitfully be augmented by technology. Our design approach was novel insofar as our evaluation sessions doubled as lessons for students. Our interdisciplinary design team, including a former teacher with over 10 years' classroom experience, evaluated the interface in a classroom setting, providing strong environmental validity to the design process.
Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in the COL1A1 regulatory regions are associated with otosclerosis (2007)

Otosclerosis (MIM 166800) has a prevalence of 0.2-1% among white adults, making it the single most common cause of hearing impairment in this ethnic group. Although measles virus, hormones, human leukocyte antigen alleles and genetic factors have been implicated in the development of otosclerosis, its etiology remains unknown. In a focused effort to identify genetic factors in otosclerosis, we have mapped four disease loci (MIM 166800/605727/608244/608787); however, cloning the disease-causing genes in these intervals has not been successful. Here, we used a case-control study design to investigate the association between collagen type I genes and otosclerosis. We identified susceptibility and protective haplotypes in COL1A1 that are significantly associated with otosclerosis in the Caucasian population. These haplotypes alter reporter gene activity in an osteoblast cell line by affecting binding of transcription factors to cis-acting elements. Our data suggest that increased amounts of collagen alpha1(I) homotrimers are causally related to the development of otosclerosis. Consistent with this hypothesis, mouse mutants homozygous for a Col1a2 frameshift mutation on a C57BL/6J background that deposit only homotrimeric type I collagen have hearing loss.
Synthesis, Cation Ordering, and Magnetic Properties of the (Sb1‐xPbx)2 (Mn1‐ySby)O4 Solid Solutions with the Sb2MnO4‐Type Structure. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Alendronate Inhibits Bone Resorption at the Bone-screw Interface (2005)

In the current study, we investigated whether the systemic administration of alendronate, a third-generation bisphosphonate, suppressed the loosening of screws at the bone-screw interface. We systemically administered alendronate to rats fitted with external fixators. External fixators with two half pins were applied to the right femurs of rats, and alendronate was administrated once a week during a 5-week postoperative period. Radiographic, histologic, and immunohistochemical findings subsequently were analyzed. Treatment with alendronate reduced the width of the fibrous loosening membrane and the number of osteoclasts at the bone-screw interface. These findings indicate that systemic treatment with alendronate exerts an inhibitory effect on local bone resorption at the bone-screw interface.
[Changes in systolic and diastolic function of reperfused myocardium after short coronary occlusions in conscious dogs]. (1990)

Mongrel dogs were chronically implanted with sonomicrometer crystals and a high fidelity tip micromanometer to measure ventricular wall thickness (WT) and left ventricular pressure (LVP), respectively. Two weeks after surgical operation, the left circumflex coronary artery was occluded with a hydraulic occluder for 3 minutes in conscious condition. During reperfusion, the hemodynamic parameters and systolic wall thickening recovered to the normal level quickly, while an abnormal thickening phase during early relaxation (extra phase) appeared in the dWT/dt-WT loop (X-axis = WT, Y-axis = dWT/dt) with its pattern different from that during control and ischemic conditions. This kind of pattern of the loop could be observed during hypoxia and during rapid overfilling of coronary artery. It is supposed that some substances, which may be produced in the ischemic myocardium, induced an extra dilation of coronary artery during reperfusion and a rapid overperfusion in the early relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle, leading to the abnormal pattern in the loop.
Quantitation of cation binding by silica gel bound thiamacrocycles and the design of highly selective concentration and purification columns for palladium(II), gold(III), silver(I), and mercury(II) (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuantitation of cation binding by silica gel bound thiamacrocycles and the design of highly selective concentration and purification columns for palladium(II), gold(III), silver(I), and mercury(II)Ronald L. Bruening, Bryon J. Tarbet, Krzysztof E. Krakowiak, Merlin L. Bruening, Reed M. Izatt, and Jerald S. BradshawCite this: Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 10, 1014–1017Publication Date (Print):May 15, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 May 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00010a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00010a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views187Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Anomalous temperature dependence of the surface resistance of copper at 10 GHz (1982)

Effects of temperature on the surface resistance and volume resistivity of high-purity copper are investigated. The experimental investigation is based on accurate Q-factor measurements on a specially designed cavity resonator. Special experimental procedures were developed to yield the necessary accuracy. The results indicate an anomalous temperature variation of the surface resistance. The equivalent temperature coefficient of resistivity has a nonlinear temperature dependence.