gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In VitroActivity of Cefodizime (HR-221) in Combination with β-Lactamase Inhibitors (1993)

Cefodizime (formerly HR221) was tested either for in vitro microbiological activity or for its stability to beta-lactamases in the presence of two beta-lactamase inhibitors (clavulanic acid, tazobactam). Cefodizime was a poor substrate of class C enzymes but hyperproducer strains were generally resistant with or without a beta-lactamase inhibitor used in combination. On the contrary, class A enzymes were able to hydrolyze cefodizime. However, strains expressing class A beta-lactamase were susceptible to cefodizime in combination with clavulanic acid.
Spatial Learning and Memory Deficits Induced by Exposure to Iron-56-Particle Radiation (2000)

It has previously been shown that exposing rats to particles of high energy and charge (HZE) disrupts the functioning of the dopaminergic system and behaviors mediated by this system, such as motor performance and an amphetamine-induced conditioned taste aversion; these adverse behavioral and neuronal effects are similar to those seen in aged animals. Because cognition declines with age, spatial learning and memory were assessed in the Morris water maze 1 month after whole-body irradiation with 1.5 Gy of 1 GeV/nucleon high-energy (56)Fe particles, to test the cognitive behavioral consequences of radiation exposure. Irradiated rats demonstrated cognitive impairment compared to the control group as seen in their increased latencies to find the hidden platform, particularly on the reversal day when the platform was moved to the opposite quadrant. Also, the irradiated group used nonspatial strategies during the probe trials (swim with no platform), i.e. less time spent in the platform quadrant, fewer crossings of and less time spent in the previous platform location, and longer latencies to the previous platform location. These findings are similar to those seen in aged rats, suggesting that an increased release of reactive oxygen species may be responsible for the induction of radiation- and age-related cognitive deficits. If these decrements in behavior also occur in humans, they may impair the ability of astronauts to perform critical tasks during long-term space travel beyond the magnetosphere.
Parallel Resampling in the Particle Filter (2015)

Modern parallel computing devices, such as the graphics processing unit (GPU), have gained significant traction in scientific and statistical computing. They are particularly well-suited to data-parallel algorithms such as the particle filter, or more generally sequential Monte Carlo (SMC), which are increasingly used in statistical inference. SMC methods carry a set of weighted particles through repeated propagation, weighting, and resampling steps. The propagation and weighting steps are straightforward to parallelize, as they require only independent operations on each particle. The resampling step is more difficult, as standard schemes require a collective operation, such as a sum, across particle weights. Focusing on this resampling step, we analyze two alternative schemes that do not involve a collective operation (Metropolis and rejection resamplers), and compare them to standard schemes (multinomial, stratified, and systematic resamplers). We find that, in certain circumstances, the alternative resamplers can perform significantly faster on a GPU, and to a lesser extent on a CPU, than the standard approaches. Moreover, in single precision, the standard approaches are numerically biased for upward of hundreds of thousands of particles, while the alternatives are not. This is particularly important given greater single- than double-precision throughput on modern devices, and the consequent temptation to use single precision with a greater number of particles. Finally, we provide auxiliary functions useful for implementation, such as for the permutation of ancestry vectors to enable in-place propagation. Supplementary materials are available online.
Impact of Overlapping Trajectories in Laser Micro-Polishing (2014)

The quality of a laser micro-polished (LμP) surface is dependent upon the part material, initial surface topography and roughness, and the energy density of the beam used to produce a thin molten layer on the finished part. Prior research has shown that the amount of energy delivered to the work piece can also be controlled by adjusting the “focal offset distance” (FOD) of the laser optics. In this paper, the impact of using multiple overlapping trajectories for laser polishing on the average surface roughness (Ra) is investigated. The analysis is performed on ball-end micromilled H13 tool steel specimens polished using a nanosecond Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. The initial surface roughness is dependent on the height and width of micromilled scallops. The trajectory overlap percentage (TO%) is an advanced machining parameter used to describe the ratio between the size of the polishing step and the molten LμP diameter. The average surface roughness of the “best” experimental specimen was reduced from a Ra of 746 nm to 205 nm (~73% improvement) using a short distance polishing regime (1.3 mm <; FOD <; 1.8 mm) with a TO% = 96.8% (or 2 μm step trajectory). Similar, but less dramatic, reductions in profile Ra were also observed for the longer polishing regime (FOD > 2.2 mm). The experiments also illustrate that the quality of the final surface finish can be further improved by combining continuous wave laser polishing (CW-LP) and LμP.
First mixed valence cerium–organic trinuclear cluster [Ce3(OBut)10NO3] as a possible molecular switch: synthesis, structure and density functional calculations (2002)

The crystalline trinuclear cerium cluster complex [{(Ce(OBut)2}2(μ-OBut)3(μ3-OBut)2{Ce(OBut)(NO3)}] 1 has been obtained in good yield from 2 [Ce(OBut)4(thf)2], [Ce(OBut)3(NO3)] and Sn(C5H3But2-1,3)Me3 by refluxing in hexane, and was characterised by microanalysis, 1H NMR, IR and UV–Vis spectra and MS data. Its structure and bonding have been analysed by X-ray diffraction. Density functional calculations were carried out on the model compound 2, in which each OBut substituent was replaced by OH, and 3, related to 2 but with OH instead of NO3. The geometric parameters showed good agreement with experiment. It is concluded that 1 is a mixed valence Ce(III)[Ce(IV)]2 cluster, that the single f electron is localised on the NO3-bearing Ce atom, and that excitation of this electron to a low energy alternative state is facile. Hence the cluster may offer potential as an f-electron molecular switch.
Temperature Changes in Donor Blood under Different Storage Conditions (1971)

Units of whole blood freshly collected in plastic bags or conventional bottles required up to 1/2 hr at refrigeration temperature before the core temperature fell below 10 C. Subsequent incubation at room temperature raised the core temperature of the blood units past an acceptable 10 C limit within 45 to 60 minutes.
Mouse Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains Are Coded by Multiple Germ Line Variable Region Genes (1974)

The N-terminal 20 residues of 13 heavy immunoglobulin chains from myeloma protein of the BALB/c mouse are compared with the same residues of 15 other heavy chains described in the literature. Sixteen of 28 sequences are different from one another. These proteins fall into four major sets, with 18 of the proteins in the largest set being further divisible into at least five subsets. This pattern of diversity suggests there are at least eight germ line genes coding for the variable regions of mouse heavy chain. Many of the immunoglobulins from which these heavy chains are derived exhibit binding activity for various haptens. The differing hapten specificities are closely correlated with distinct primary amino-acid sequences.
Aryl sulfide bond formation using the sulfoxide-acid system for synthesis of poly(p-phenylene sulfide) via poly(sulfonium cation) as a precursor (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAryl sulfide bond formation using the sulfoxide-acid system for synthesis of poly(p-phenylene sulfide) via poly(sulfonium cation) as a precursorKimihisa Yamamoto, Eiichi Shouji, Hiroyuki Nishide, and Eishun TsuchidaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 13, 5819–5820Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00066a058https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00066a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views704Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reading Guidance: Death and Grief (1989)

Guidelines are given for the librarian using reading guidance. A brief annotated bibliography on the subject of death and grief is provided.
Energy Relaxation by Warm Two-Dimensional Electrons in a GaN/AlGaN Heterostructure (2001)

The rate of energy loss per electron, Pe, by a two-dimensional electron gas in an GaN/AlGaN heterostructure has been measured as a function of electron temperature, Te, in the range 0.4–35 K. A combination of zero and high magnetic field electrical transport measurements were used to determine Te as a function of the power dissipated in the device. It was found that Pe ∝ Ten, with n ≈ 5 at the lowest temperatures, Te ≪ 2 K, while for higher temperatures, Te >10 K, n → 1. The experimental results are compared with numerical calculations of the energy relaxation rate. In the range of temperatures studied, emission of piezoelectrically coupled acoustic phonons was found to be the dominant energy relaxation mechanism.
Isolation of Actinomycetes from Live Plants and Evaluation of Antiphytopathogenic Activity of Their Metabolites. (2002)

Actinomycetes were isolated from live plants collected in Toyama and Miyagi prefectures, Japan. Three hundred and ninety eight actinomycete strains were obtained from the leaves, stems and roots of 11 harbaceous and 13 arbor plants of agricultural and wild species. n-Butanol extracts of the fermentation broths of these strains were screened for antiphytopathogenic activity using in vitro antimicrobial and in vivo antiinfective assays. About 10–20% of the extracts showed antagonistic activity against fungal or bacterial plant pathogens. In addition, several extracts suppressed the infection of Alternaria brassicicola TP-F0423, a fungal pathogen to seedlings of Chinese cabbages in vivo.
Spectral-Luminescent Properties of ZrO2-Y2O3-Pr2O3 Crystals (2022)

We studied the spectral-luminescent properties of (ZrO2)0.805(Y2O3)0.188(Pr2O3)0.007 and (ZrO2)0.802(Y2O3)0.195(Pr2O3)0.003 crystals grown by directional melt crystallization in a cold skull. Analysis of the absorption spectra of the crystals suggested the presence of Pr3+ and Pr4+ ions. Measurement of the relative intensities of the luminescence bands corresponding to the 3P0 → 3H4,5, 3P0 → 3F2,3,4, 3P1 → 3H5 and 1D2 → 3H4 optical transitions of the Pr3+ ions, and analysis of luminescence extinction kinetics for the 3P0 and 1D2 levels of the Pr3+ ions, suggests the presence of cross-relaxation (1D2 → 1G4) → (3H4 → 3F4) of the Pr3+ ions in the ZrO2-Y2O3-Pr2O3 crystals.
New Structural Variants of Aeruginosin Produced by the Toxic Bloom Forming Cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena (2013)

Nodularia spumigena is a filamentous diazotrophic cyanobacterium that forms blooms in brackish water bodies. This cyanobacterium produces linear and cyclic peptide protease inhibitors which are thought to be part of a chemical defense against grazers. Here we show that N. spumigena produces structurally novel members of the aeruginosin family of serine protease inhibitors. Extensive chemical analyses including NMR demonstrated that the aeruginosins are comprised of an N-terminal short fatty acid chain, L-Tyr, L-Choi and L-argininal and in some cases pentose sugar. The genome of N. spumigena CCY9414 contains a compact 18-kb aeruginosin gene cluster encoding a peptide synthetase with a reductive release mechanism which offloads the aeruginosins as reactive peptide aldehydes. Analysis of the aeruginosin and spumigin gene clusters revealed two different strategies for the incorporation of N-terminal protecting carboxylic acids. These results demonstrate that strains of N. spumigena produce aeruginosins and spumigins, two families of structurally similar linear peptide aldehydes using separate peptide synthetases. The aeruginosins were chemically diverse and we found 11 structural variants in 16 strains from the Baltic Sea and Australia. Our findings broaden the known structural diversity of the aeruginosin peptide family to include peptides with rare N-terminal short chain (C2-C10) fatty acid moieties.
Analysis of peptides by amino acids composition: contribution of ultraviolet derivative spectrophotometry and retention time prediction (1996)

Amino acid composition analysis is sometimes used for the identification of peptides obtained from the hydrolysis of a protein of known sequence. Nevertheless, the interpretation of the analysis can be difficult if only one hydrochloric acid hydrolysis can be performed because of the partial destruction of some amino acids and the lack of cleavage of certain peptidic bonds. In this paper we propose combining the analysis of amino acids by two techniques (derivative UV spectrometry and retention time estimation) associated on-line with the purification step of the peptides (reversed-phase HPLC).A set of 56 peptides from the peptic and chymotryptic hydrolysis of bovine αs1-casein (αs1-CN) were analysed in this manner. The difference between the theoretical and observed retention times was 1.9 min, for aromatic amino acids ratios the difference was 4.0%. The ambiguities coming from repeated residues in the sequence or the presence of Trp residues, destroyed by acidic hydrolysis, were solved and a fragment of the αs1-CN sequence could be attributed to each peptide.
The effect of high‐ and low‐frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation upon cutaneous blood flow and skin temperature in healthy subjects (2000)

The reported non-analgesic effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) include alterations to the local circulation; however, research in this area has produced equivocal findings. In the present study, the effect of low- (4 Hz) and high-frequency (110 Hz) TENS on forearm skin blood perfusion was assessed using laser Doppler flowmetry. The effect on skin temperature was also assessed using a skin thermistor. Thirty healthy human volunteers were recruited and randomly assigned to a control or one of the two treatment groups. TENS was applied to the skin overlying the median nerve under double-blind conditions for 15 min. Blood flow and skin temperature readings were recorded pre-TENS, during TENS application and continued for 15 min post-TENS application. Analysis of results showed significant increases in blood perfusion during the treatment period in the low-frequency group when compared to the other two groups (P = 0.0106; ANOVA). No significant changes in skin temperature were observed. The results of this study demonstrate that low-frequency TENS produces a local increase in cutaneous blood flow.
APRV for ARDS: the complexities of a mode and how it affects even the best trials (2018)

APRV is a mode of mechanical ventilation that has generated enough controversy to fuel a war. A major challenge has been the lack of randomized control studies on the application of APRV in patients with ARDS.
Algorithms for compressed ISAR autofocusing (2011)

This paper is reporting some experimental results of compressed inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging. Autofocusing is applied on the sparse echoes, which consists of range alignment and phase correction as in conventional ISAR processing. Range alignment is implemented through minimizing the entropy of the average range profile, while phase correction is accomplished using the eigenvector method. Experimental results have validated the presented autofocusing scheme, and suggested further applicability of compressed sensing (CS) in the ISAR technique.
Trithiocarbonates as intrinsic photoredox catalysts and RAFT agents for oxygen tolerant controlled radical polymerization (2017)

In this study, we reported on the discovery that trithiocarbonates (RAFT agents) can act as intrinsic photocatalyst to significantly reduce the oxygen level in a controlled radical polymerization under visible light irridation.
To Talk or not to Talk with a Computer: On-Talk vs. O-Talk. (2006)

If no specific precautions are taken, people talking to a com- puter can - the same way as while talking to another human - speak aside, either to themselves or to another person. On the one hand, the computer should notice and process such utterances in a special way; on the other hand, such utterances provide us with unique data to contrast these two registers: talking vs. not talking to a computer. By that, we can get more insight into the register 'Computer-Talk'. In this paper, we present two dierent databases, SmartKom and SmartWeb, and classify and analyse On-Talk (addressing the computer) vs. O-Talk (addressing someone else) found in these two databases.
Synthesis, Diastereomer Separation, and Optoelectronic and Structural Properties of Dinuclear Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes with Bridging Diarylhydrazide Ligands (2017)

A series of diiridium complexes 13–16 bridged by diarylhydrazine ligands and cyclometalated by phenylpyridine or phenylpyrazole ligands was synthesized. In all cases the ΛΔ meso and ΛΛ/ΔΔ rac diastereomers were separated and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, revealing intramolecular π–π stacking between arenes of the bridging and cyclometalating ligands. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that in general the HOMOs are mainly localized on the iridium centers, the cyclometalating phenyl moieties, and the central hydrazide components of the bridging ligands, while the LUMOs are primarily localized on the N-heterocycles (pyridine or pyrazole) of the cyclometalating ligands. This series of complexes, especially with the separated diastereomers, provides an ideal opportunity to study the effects of subtle structural changes on the optoelectronic properties of diiridium systems: significant differences are observed between the rac and meso isomers in some cases. A cyclic voltammetric study of the electrochemical properties of the eight complexes reveals strong intramolecular interactions between the iridium centers. The photophysical properties are reported in solution and in rigid poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF) (at 77 K) matrices, where some of the complexes are strongly emissive in the turquoise and green regions (ΦPL = 42–68 ± 10%) due to matrix-induced restricted intramolecular motion (RIM).
Fast Host Service Interface design for embedded Java application processor (2009)

In this paper, we have proposed a fast inter-processor communication interface (IPC) for a dual-core Java application processor. The dual-core Java application processor is a SoC composed of a RISC core and a double-issued Java bytecode execution core. The proposed fast IPC mechanism provides Java system software a high-level way to invoke a host processor service routine from Java source code. The proposed IPC has much lower overhead than that of the standard Java Native Interface (JNI). Unlike other fast native call interface designed for VM interpreter, the proposed IPC mechanism is exclusively designed for the communication between two physical hardwired processor cores. Based on the experimental results, the proposed mechanism is very promising for embedded Java runtime environment.
Diabetes Antibody Standardization Program: First Assay Proficiency Evaluation (2003)

The aims of the first proficiency evaluation of the Diabetes Antibody Standardization Program (DASP) were to assess general implementation of assay methods and to evaluate the new World Health Organization (WHO) reference reagent for autoantibodies to GAD and IA-2. Forty-six laboratories in 13 countries received coded sera from 50 patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes and 50 blood donor control subjects, together with the WHO reference reagent and diluent serum. Results were analyzed using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. Sensitivity was adjusted to 90% specificity in workshop controls. The median adjusted sensitivity for GADA (45 laboratories) was 84% (range 62-96%), for IA-2A (43 laboratories) was 58% (50-74%), and for insulin autoantibody (IAA; 23 laboratories) was 36% (13-66%). ROC curve analysis showed all GADA and IA-2A assays, and 18/23 IAA assays found significant differences between patients and control subjects. There was good concordance between laboratories in ranking of samples by GADA and IA-2A levels or if results were expressed in relation to the WHO reference reagent. Assays that achieved the highest sensitivity for IAA were also concordant in ranking samples, but overall concordance for IAA was poor. Differences in assay protocols between laboratories must be addressed so that all centers and kit manufacturers can perform to the same high standard.
The X-ray crystal structure of a 1:1 adduct between α-cyclodextrin and cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylatodiammineplationum(II) (1985)

In the second sphere co-ordination of a cyclobitane-1,1-dicaroxy;atiammimeplatinum(II)µ-cyclodextrin, stabilisation of the crystalline adduct is achieved by the cyclobutane ring if the guest penetrating into the cavity of the hoist and the ammine ligands on the guest participating in the formation of two(N–H ··O) hydrogen bonds with secondary hydroxy group at C(3) on neighboring α-D-glucopyranosidic units in the host.
Electric field distribution in the liver tissue obtained by MREIT. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;Electric field distribution in the liver tissue exposed to the sequence of four electric pulses of different amplitudes (&lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;el&lt;/sub&gt; = 1000, 1500 V). All four distributions are scaled to the same range for easier comparison.&lt;/p&gt;
Inflammatory Demyelinating Brain Lesions Heralding Primary CNS Lymphoma (2012)

Brain biopsy plays a crucial role in the exploration of suspect white matter lesions in the differential diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and inflammatory demyelination. We present the case of a previously healthy, immunocompetent woman, aged fifty-nine, who developed a histologically confirmed demyelinating white matter lesion months prior to the manifestation of a PCNSL. Similar cases of "sentinel lesions" preceding a PCNSL have been reported. In a literature review, we compared the diagnostic features that may be useful to differentiate a PCNSL from inflammatory demyelinating disease in older age. We conclude that the occurrence of large, contrast-enhancing cerebral lesions in older patients with a relapsing-remitting disease course and steroid-resistant vision disorders should lead to the consideration of a PCNSL.
Relationship between oxidative stress and hepatic glutathione levels in ethanol-mediated apoptosis of polarized hepatic cells (2009)

Apoptotic cell death induced as a consequence of ethanol metabolism is not completely dependent upon ROS status but is dependent on sustained GSH levels.