gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recent Progress in Corrosion and Protection of Magnesium Alloys (2005)

Abstract Magnesium alloys are advanced light structural and functional materials being increasingly used in the automotive, aerospace, electronic, and energy industries. However, their corrosion performance at the current stage of development is still not good enough for increasingly diverse practical applications. The Cooperative Research Centre for Cast Metals Manufacturing (CAST) in Australia is one of the most active research organizations in the world established to cope with the problems associated with the development and application of advanced light metals. Corrosion and prevention of magnesium and its alloys is an important part of CAST's research program. This paper presents a brief summary of recent research achievements by CAST and relevant research work in this area in the world. This overview covers “anodic hydrogen evolution”, estimation of corrosion rate, corrosion of aluminum‐ and non‐aluminum‐containing magnesium alloys, influences of composition and microstructure on corrosion, corrosion of a die‐cast magnesium alloy, galvanic corrosion, coolant corrosion, and an aluminum‐alloyed coating. The aim of this overview is to deepen the current understanding of corrosion and protection of magnesium and its alloys and to provide a base for future research work in this field.
Asymmetric Amino Acid Catalysis (2008)

The origins of biological homochirality have intrigued researchers since Pasteur's discovery of the optical activity of biomolecules. Herein, I discuss our observations of asymmetric amplification in amino acid catalyzed carbon‐carbon bond‐forming reactions under homogenous reaction conditions. Our model shows a synergistic mechanism between the amino acid catalyst and the optically active products such as sugars and amino acid derivatives.
Evaluation of web usage mining approaches for user's next request prediction (2003)

Analysis of Web server logs is one of the important challenge to provide Web intelligent services.In this paper, we describe a framework for a recommender system that predicts the user's next requests based on their behaviour discovered from Web Logs data. We compare results from three usage mining approaches: association rules, sequential rules and generalised sequential rules. We use two selection rules criteria: highest confidence and last-subsequence. Experiments are performed on three collections of real usage data: one from an Intranet Web site and two from an Internet Web site.
New sulfonated engineering polymers via the metalation route. I. Sulfonated poly(ethersulfone) PSU Udel� via metalation-sulfination-oxidation (1996)

A new process has been developed for the sulfonation of arylene polymers which can be lithiated, like polysulfone Udel®. The sulfonation process consists of the following steps: (1) lithiation of the polymer at temperatures from −50 to −80°C under argon, (2) gassing of the lithiated polymer with SO2; (3) oxidation of the formed polymeric sulfinate with H2O2, NaOCl, or KMnO4; (4) ion-exchange of the lithium salt of the sulfonic acid in aqueous HCl. The advantages of the presented sulfonation procedure are: (1) in principle all polymers which can be lithiated can be subjected to this sulfonation process; (2) by this sulfonation procedure the sulfonic acid group is inserted into the more hydrolysis-stable part of the molecule; (3) this process is ecologically less harmful than many common sulfonation procedures. The sulfonated polymers were characterized by NMR, titration and elemental analysis, by IR spectroscopy, and by determination of ionic conductivity. Also the hydrolytic stability of the sulfonated ion-exchange polymers was investigated. Polymers with an ion-exchange capacity of 0.5 to 3.2 mequiv SO3H/g Polymer have been synthesized and characterized. The following results have been achieved: membranes made from the sulfonated polymers show good conductivity, good permselectivity (>90%), and good hydrolytic stability in 1N HCl and water at temperatures up to 80°C. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Measurement of conductivity and temperature in the sea for salinity determination (1972)

Problems of obtaining in situ measurements of electrical conductivity and temperature in the sea at known levels of accuracy are outlined and practical solutions offered with an emphasis on calibration procedures. The conversion of the resulting values into salinities is discussed.
Kinetic Mechanism of the Fastest Motor Protein, Chara Myosin (2007)

Chara corallina class XI myosin is by far the fastest molecular motor. To investigate the molecular mechanism of this fast movement, we performed a kinetic analysis of a recombinant motor domain of Chara myosin. We estimated the time spent in the strongly bound state with actin by measuring rate constants of ADP dissociation from actin.motor domain complex and ATP-induced dissociation of the motor domain from actin. The rate constant of ADP dissociation from acto-motor domain was >2800 s(-1), and the rate constant of ATP-induced dissociation of the motor domain from actin at physiological ATP concentration was 2200 s(-1). From these data, the time spent in the strongly bound state with actin was estimated to be <0.82 ms. This value is the shortest among known values for various myosins and yields the duty ratio of <0.3 with a V(max) value of the actin-activated ATPase activity of 390 s(-1). The addition of the long neck domain of myosin Va to the Chara motor domain largely increased the velocity of the motility without increasing the ATP hydrolysis cycle rate, consistent with the swinging lever model. In addition, this study reveals some striking kinetic features of Chara myosin that are suited for the fast movement: a dramatic acceleration of ADP release by actin (1000-fold) and extremely fast ATP binding rate.
Fundamentals of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Absorption. I (1950)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation G. E. Pake; Fundamentals of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Absorption. I. Am. J. Phys. 1 October 1950; 18 (7): 438–452. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1932628 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAmerican Association of Physics TeachersAmerican Journal of Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Effects of Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary Control of Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Secretion in Adult Male Rats (1987)

The main psychoactive component of marihuana, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) was injected into the 3rd cerebral ventricle. A single dose of THC (2 microliter of 10(-6) M) decreased serum LH temporarily but did not alter serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. The mediobasal hypothalamic (MBH) luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) content was elevated by 30 min after the injection. The elevation persisted for 1 h. Then, the LHRH content returned towards the preinjection level. In contrast, the LHRH in the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis did not change after a single dose of THC. The results indicate that THC alters pituitary LH release by inhibiting the release of LHRH which then increases in the MBH by continued synthesis or transport from rostral areas. In addition, the data support the existence of an FSH releasing factor, the release of which is not suppressed by this dose of THC. THC did not alter the release, storage or responsiveness to LHRH of cultured anterior pituitary cells, which further supports the view that its principal site of action is on the hypothalamus.
Camera grids for laboratory automation (2012)

This paper presents a straightforward method for mapping a multi-camera system to inspect multiple analytical samples carried in a microtiterplate, a labware standard used in life-science laboratories today. The high number of small samples that are provided by microplates burden difficulties when designing an inspection system with a single camera. The major concern is the perspective that is unique for every sample, and only a limited number of samples can be imaged in a favourable perspective, that is directly from below or above the sample. A way to overcome this problem is to use multiple cameras. This work presents the integration of an arbitrary number of cameras to support microplates of all types and densities. It provides a mapping framework to deliver the subimages to the inspection algorithms and includes a one-step registration procedure that uses a registration plate with microplate dimensions. Furthermore, an estimation of the system's mapping uncertainty is given.
Protection from chemotherapy- and antibiotic-mediated dysbiosis of the gut microbiota by a probiotic with digestive enzymes supplement (2018)

There are numerous downstream consequences of marketed drugs like antineoplastic agents on the gut microbiome, an effect that is suggested to contribute to adverse event profiles and may also influence drug responses. In cancer, progress is needed toward modulation of the host microbiome to prevent off-target side effects of drugs such as gastrointestinal mucositis that result from gut dysbiosis. The objective of this study was evaluation of the bioactivity of a supplement consisting of capsules with a blend of 9 probiotic organisms of the genera <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Bifidobacterium</i> plus 10 digestive enzymes, in protecting the human gastrointestinal tract from chemotherapy and an antibiotic. We used the Simulator of Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME) model, an <i>in vitro</i> model of a stable colon microbiota, and introduced 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and vancomycin as microbiome-disrupting drugs. The probiotic with digestive enzymes supplement, added in capsules at <i>in vivo</i> doses, improved fermentation activity in the colon reactors and accelerated the recovery of microbial populations following 5-FU/vancomycin treatment. The supplement restored the Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes ratios in the colon reactors, increased the diversity of microbiota, and induced the production of microbial metabolites that elicited anti-inflammatory cytokines in an <i>in vitro</i> model of intestinal inflammation. In the proximal colon, preventative administration of the supplement resulted in full recovery of the gut microbial community after cessation of 5-FU and vancomycin treatment. These results identify a probiotic with digestive enzymes formulation that protects against drug-induced gut dysbiosis, highlighting its potential utility as a component of routine cancer care.
Structures of two O‐chain polysaccharides of Citrobacter gillenii O9a,9b lipopolysaccharide (2002)

Mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of Citro- bacter gillenii O9a,9b released a polysaccharide (PS), which was found to consist of a single monosaccharide, 4- acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-d-mannose (d-Rha4NAc, N-acetyl-d-perosamine). PS was studied by methylation analysis and (1)H-NMR and (13)C-NMR spectroscopy, using two-dimensional (1)H,(1)H COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, and H-detected (1)H,(13)C heteronuclear correlation experiments. It was found that PS includes two structurally different polysaccharides: an alpha1-->2-linked homopolymer of N-acetyl-d-perosamine [-->2)-alpha-d-Rhap4NAc-(1-->, PS2] and a polysaccharide composed of tetrasaccharide repeating units (PS1) with the following structure: -->3)-alpha-d-Rhap4NAc-(1-->2)-alpha-d-Rhap4NAc-(1-->2)-alpha-d-Rhap4NAc-(1-->3)-alpha-d-Rhap4 N Ac2Ac-(1--> where the degree of O-acetylation of a 3-substituted Rha4NAc residue at position 2 is approximately 70%. PS could be fractionated into PS1 and PS2 by gel-permeation chromatography on TSK HW-50S. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization MS data indicate sequential chain elongation of both PS1 and PS2 by a single sugar unit, with O-acetylation in PS1 beginning at a certain chain length. Anti-(C. gillenii O9a,9b) serum reacted with PS1 in double immunodiffusion and immunoblotting, whereas neither PS2 nor the lipopolysaccharide of Vibrio cholerae O1 with a structurally related O-chain polysaccharide were reactive.
An efficient network coding based retransmission algorithm for wireless multicast (2009)

Retransmission based on packet acknowledgement (ACK/NAK) is a fundamental error control technique employed in IEEE 802.11-2007 unicast network. However the 802.11-2007 standard falls short of proposing a reliable MAC-level recovery protocol for multicast frames. In this paper we propose a latency and bandwidth efficient coding algorithm based on the principles of network coding for retransmitting lost packets in a single-hop wireless multicast network and demonstrate its effectiveness over previously proposed network coding based retransmission algorithms.
Organisational characteristics associated with the use of daily interruption of sedation in US hospitals: a national study (2011)

Several elements of hospital organisational culture were associated with regular use of DIS in US hospitals. These findings emphasise the importance of combining specific administrative approaches with strategies to encourage receptivity to change among bedside clinicians in order to successfully implement complex evidence-based practices in the intensive care setting.
Developments in the Understanding of Bluff Body Flows. (1998)

The understanding of bluff body flows and their prediction are important in many areas of industrial development. The complex nature of these flows provides a challenge to both experimental and computational fluid dynamicists. Some of the more recent advances are reviewed, including the understanding of the near wake region and the instabilities that develop there. The role of vortex dislocations is discussed and it is shown how encouraging their formation can reduce drag. In addition to describing the improved insight that can be provided by computational fluid dynamics, the likely impact of new, non-intrusive measurement techniques is also assessed.
NEUROENDOCRINE CHANGES DURING FUNCTIONAL ELECTRICAL STIMULATION (1992)

This study examined the effects of a computerized functional electrical stimulation exercise program on plasma beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity (BEP-ir), cortisol levels and depression parameters in spinal cord-injured individuals. Nine subjects from 1.2 to 33.5 yr postinjury with both motor and sensory complete lesions between C5 and T12 participated. It was determined that patients who sustained spinal cord-injuries less than 5 yr before this study had lower than normal baseline levels of BEP-ir and flattened circadian rhythms. Patients who sustained their injury greater than 5 yr before this study had higher baseline levels of BEP-ir with some return to normal circadian rhythmicity. Baseline cortisol levels, regardless of time since injury, appeared to be dysregulated. Regular exercise with computerized functional electrical stimulation caused significantly (P less than 0.05) sustained increases in BEP-ir in all patients and improved the regulation of cortisol. Furthermore, the more strenuous the exercise training, greater increases in BEP-ir levels were seen. Last, depression scores improved, which suggests a possible association between subjective mood and BEP-ir levels.
The Relationship of Magnetotransconductance Mobility Profiles and RF Performance of GaAs FETs (2005)

The mobility profiles of FET channels were measured on fabricated low noise and power GaAs MESFETs, using the recently developed magnetotransconductance technique. The results are used to study the correlation between the RF performance and the material parameter.
Efficient Coordination of Wind Power and Price-Responsive Demand—Part I: Theoretical Foundations (2011)

In Part I of this two-part paper, we introduce several possible methods for integrating wind power, price-responsive demand and other distributed energy resources (DERs). These methods differ with respect to information exchange requirements, computational complexity, and physical implementability. A novel look-ahead interactive dispatch that internalizes inter-temporal constraints at the DERs level, and dispatches the results of distributed decisions subject to spatial security constraints, is proposed as a possible effective algorithm. This method requires only the use of today's static security-constrained economic dispatch (SCED) by the system operators. The optimization accounting for inter-temporal constraints, and ramping rates in particular, is done by the DERs while they create their own supply and demand functions. To implement this method, today's supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) needs to be transformed into a multi-directional, multi-layered information exchange system.
Tepary Bean Starch Part III: In vitro Digestibility (1987)

Abstract In vitro digestibility of starch from tepary bean, Phaseolus acutifolius var. latifolius , was determined in comparison with tepary bean flour and maize starch. The extent of sample hydrolysis by α‐amylase was measured as mg reducing sugar (maltose) released per 100 mg substrate. After 2 h incubation at 37°C, values obtained for tepary starch, tepary flour and maize starch treated in various ways were as follows: raw 8.0, 8.6 and 25.6; freeze dried 2.6, 3.2 and 17.8; autoclaved 7.4, 5.7 and 27.7; cooked (15 min) 81.7, 23.1 and 87.8; resp. Raw tepary starch was more resistant to hydrolysis than maize starch due, perhaps, to differences in granule structure and amylose content. Freeze‐drying and autoclaving slightly decreased digestibility of both tepary starch and flour. Cooking greatly increased susceptibility to hydrolysis for each substrate. The rate of increase was reduced after 15 min exposure to enzymes, and no appreciable difference was found between cooked tepary and maize starches.
SATELLITE-BASED PM2.5 EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES (2011)

Background and Aims: Satellite- based PM2.5 air quality monitoring data has been used to complement ground PM2.5 monitoring networks, especially for regions with sparsely distributed PM2.5 monitors. This study developed a statistical method to predict daily PM 2.5 concentrations for both retrieval and non-retrieval days. Methods: AOD data from 2003 MODIS and GOES was used to predict surface-level PM2.5 concentrations based on a mixed effects model with random intercepts and slopes, allowing daily calibrations of PM2.5-AOD relationships, in the New England region. The model using MODIS AOD was also applied to an extended study period (Years 2000-2008), using daily spatial patterns of PM2.5ground measurements to estimate PM2.5 concentrations for non-retrieval days. This model for non-retrieval days took into account the temporal variability of regional PM2.5 levels along witha spatial smoothing function of coordinates. Results: The AOD-derived PM2.5 concentrations were compared with the measured PM2.5 concentrations, and both 2003 MODIS and GOES AOD predicted ground PM2.5 concentrations quite well (CV R2=0.92 for MODIS; CV R2=0.89 for GOES). For the entire period of 2000-2008, this model presented high PM2.5 predictability for both retrieval (CV R2=0.88) and non-retrieval (R2=0.81) days. The spatial pattern of PM2.5 for 9 years overlapped quite well with mapping of dense population areas, major interstate highways, and high point emission sources. Conclusions: This statistical model greatly improved the PM2.5 predictability for both retrieval and non-retrieval days (compared to previous methods that did not use daily calibrations), and the predicted PM2.5 concentrations may be reliably applied to epidemiological studies. Our study indicates that satellite-based PM2.5 exposure assessment can reduce the exposure measurement error which is likely to occur for current epidemiological studies using sparse ground PM2.5 monitoring networks.
Long-Term Mechanical Circulatory Support System Reliability Recommendation by the National Clinical Trial Initiative Subcommittee (2009)

The Long-Term Mechanical Circulatory Support (MCS) System Reliability Recommendation was published in the American Society for Artificial Internal Organs (ASAIO) Journal and the Annals of Thoracic Surgery in 1998. At that time, it was stated that the document would be periodically reviewed to assess its timeliness and appropriateness within 5 years. Given the wealth of clinical experience in MCS systems, a new recommendation has been drafted by consensus of a group of representatives from the medical community, academia, industry, and government. The new recommendation describes a reliability test methodology and provides detailed reliability recommendations. In addition, the new recommendation provides additional information and clinical data in appendices that are intended to assist the reliability test engineer in the development of a reliability test that is expected to give improved predictions of clinical reliability compared with past test methods. The appendices are available for download at the ASAIO journal web site at www.asaiojournal.com.
Isolation and mapping of a human gene (MCM2) encoding a product homologous to yeast proteins involved in DNA replication (1995)

From a human fetal-lung cDNA library, we isolated a gene, human MCM2, whose nucleotide sequence predicts a protein product homologous to the yeast nuclear proteins MCM2, MCM3, CDC21, and CDC46. Determination of cDNA sequences covering the entire coding region demonstrated an open reading frame of 1,629 nucleotides encoding 543 amino acids. Sequence comparison revealed 30-40% amino acid identity with these four yeast proteins, all of which are considered to play important roles in DNA replication. Analysis by Northern blotting revealed that the human MCM2 gene is expressed ubiquitously in normal tissues. Furthermore, we localized this gene to chromosomal bands 7q21.3-->q22.1 by fluorescence in situ hybridization.
Bioprospecting of fungi with antiproliferative activity from the mangrove sediment of the Tampamachoco coastal lagoon, Veracruz, Mexico (2018)

Background: Fungi from mangrove forests represent a great potential for the bioprospecting of new bioactive metabolites. The rhizosphere of several regions of the world has been widely studied, however, there are no studies on the biodiversity of Mexican mangroves.Objectives: To evaluate the anti-proliferative activity of fungal extracts isolated from accumulated sediments in the rhizosphere of three mangrove species distributed in three zones with different degrees of salinity in Mexico.Methods: The isolated fungi were identified at genus level by taxonomic keys. The anti-proliferative activity was determined by the SRB assay and the strains with values of GI50 &lt;100 μg.mL-1 were identified molecularly.Results and conclusions: Six extracts from four strains exhibited GI50 values &lt; 100 µg.mL-1 in at least one cancer cell line. A strain of Aspergillus pulverulentus isolated from a disturbed area of Avicennia germinans showed the highest anti-proliferative activity against six different cancer cell lines. The GI50 values ranged from 40 to 83 µg.mL-1 in biomass extracts and 6 to 28 µg.mL-1 in culture broth extracts. This paper is the first study of bioprospecting fungi showing anti-proliferative activity in mangrove sediments in Mexico.