gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of ASCE-41 Modeling Parameters and Acceptance Criteria through an RC Building Case Study (2018)

The ability to simulate the nonlinear dynamic response of RC buildings up to significant levels of component damage is of fundamental importance to evaluate their expected performance for different levels of seismic hazard. In the United States there is an increasing reliance on the provisions in the ASCE-41 standard for developing models to simulate the nonlinear response of structures during strong earthquakes. This paper presents fragility relationships from incremental dynamic analyses performed with ASCE 41 modeling parameters on a non-ductile reinforced concrete building located in Van Nuys, California, that was instrumented during several earthquakes. Analyses were performed for the ground motion sets in FEMA P695 and ground motions from earthquakes recorded at the building site. Results from incremental dynamic analyses are used to evaluate modeling parameters and acceptance criteria in ASCE 41 as well as the calculated intensity measure at collapse.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae: A key yeast for the wine-making process (2018)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most important yeast species involved in wine fermentation. Traditionally, this species has been used as a starter culture to conduct the alcoholic fermentation due to its optimal fermentative properties. For this reason, nowadays S. cerevisiae is commercialized as an active dry yeast and used in wineries worldwide to improve the fermentative processes and wine quality. However, over the last years it has been reported that wines fermented by commercial strains lack sensory attributes of typical regions of a country. Thus, the selection of S. cerevisiae indigenous strains is being promoted to preserve typical quality and ﬂavor of regional wines.Moreover, S. cerevisiae could act as a biocontrol agent producing killer toxins during wine-making process. Killer strains are able to inhibit the growth of spoilage microorganisms that affect wine quality. The addition of sulfur dioxide as an antioxidant and antimicrobial additive is a common practice during wine production. However, due to current trends to reduce the use of chemical additives, the utilization of starter cultures producers of killer toxins is an interesting alternative to avoid the contamination by spoilage yeasts. Therefore, the inclusion of S. cerevisiae killer yeasts with appropriate fermentation properties is essential to accomplish controlled fermentations, pointing out the importance of a clever selection of strains.
Anti-HLA Class I Antibodies Activate Endothelial Cells and Promote Chronic Rejection (2005)

Transplant recipients exhibiting a humoral immune response to the allograft demonstrate lower graft survival and increased risk for the development of chronic rejection and transplant arteriosclerosis. Our studies suggest that anti-HLA class I antibodies (Ab) play an important role in controlling endothelial cell (EC) function by binding to class I molecules on the surface of the EC and transducing intracellular signals. Anti-HLA Ab exhibit two primary effector functions: stimulation of cell proliferation and up-regulation of cell survival genes. Importantly, the intracellular events initiated by class I ligation appear to be influenced by the concentration of the Ab. High-titered anti-HLA Ab stimulate cell proliferation whereas low-titered Ab activate the PI3K/Akt pathway and promote expression of cell survival proteins including Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Anti-HLA class I Ab may contribute to the process of chronic allograft rejection by promoting EC survival and proliferation.
High‐Brightness Blue Light‐Emitting Polymer Diodes via Anode Modification Using a Self‐Assembled Monolayer (2003)

Device perfomance of a blue‐emitting polyfluorene‐based single‐layer light‐emitting diode are considerably enhanced by the inclusion of a self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) of a hole‐transporting material (see Figure). The SAM of silyl‐functionalized triarylamine (TPD‐Si 2 ) is inserted between the ITO anode and the active layer, offering improved hole injection, low visible absorption, and high stability.
Brief Communication: Early Appearance of Islet Autoantibodies Predicts Childhood Type 1 Diabetes in Offspring of Diabetic Parents (2004)

Childhood autoimmune diabetes is associated with autoimmunity that starts before 2 years of age.
THE NEEL TEMPERATURE OF MNF2 IN THE TWO-SPIN CLUSTER-VARIATION LIMIT, (1966)

The Neel temperature of MnF2 was calculated by application of the Cluster-Variation method in the two-spin limit. By treating the anisotropy energy as a quantity comparable to the exchange energy (as indicated by experiment) a considerable improvement over the molecular field value is obtained for T sub N. (Author)
Differing Mechanisms for Glutamate Receptor Aggregation on Dendritic Spines and Shafts in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons (2002)

We have explored the ability of axons from spinal and hippocampal neurons to aggregate NMDA- and AMPA-type glutamate receptors on each other as a way of exploring the molecular differences between their presynaptic elements. Spinal axons, which normally cluster only AMPA-type glutamate receptors on other spinal neurons, cluster both AMPA- and NMDA-type glutamate receptors on the dendritic shafts of hippocampal interneurons but are ineffective at clustering either subtype of glutamate receptor on the dendritic spines of hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Conversely, hippocampal axons appear to be multipotent, capable of clustering both AMPA- and NMDA-type glutamate receptors on hippocampal interneurons and pyramidal cells. The secretion of the neuronal activity-regulated pentraxin (Narp) by hippocampal axons is restricted to contacts with interneurons. Exogenous application of Narp to cultured hippocampal neurons results in clusters of both NMDA- and AMPA-type glutamate receptors on hippocampal interneurons but not hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Because Narp displays no ability to directly aggregate NMDA receptors, we propose that Narp aggregates NMDA receptors in hippocampal interneurons indirectly through cytoplasmic coupling to synaptic AMPA receptors. Furthermore, our data suggest the existence of a novel molecule(s), capable of forming excitatory synapses on dendritic spines.
A Data-Driven Methodology for Considering Feasibility And Pairwise Likelihood in Deep Learning Based Guitar Tablature Transcription Systems (2022)

Guitar tablature transcription is an important but understudied problem within the field of music information retrieval. Traditional signal processing approaches offer only limited performance on the task, and there is little acoustic data with transcription labels for training machine learning models. However, guitar transcription labels alone are more widely available in the form of tablature, which is commonly shared among guitarists online. In this work, a collection of symbolic tablature is leveraged to estimate the pairwise likelihood of notes on the guitar. The output layer of a baseline tablature transcription model is reformulated, such that an inhibition loss can be incorporated to discourage the co-activation of unlikely note pairs. This naturally enforces playability constraints for guitar, and yields tablature which is more consistent with the symbolic data used to estimate pairwise likelihoods. With this methodology, we show that symbolic tablature can be used to shape the distribution of a tablature transcription model's predictions, even when little acoustic data is available.
RPN11 deubiquitinase promotes proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells (2017)

The deubiquitinase enzyme RPN11 is involved in oncogenesis in various types of cancer. However, in breast cancer, the expression levels, prognostic relevance and biological function of RPN11 remains unclear. In the present study, RPN11 expression levels in breast cancer tissues and adjacent non‑tumor tissues were determined by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical staining, and the association of RPN11 with clinicopathological features of breast cancer was evaluated. RPN11 expression was upregulated in breast cancer tissues compared with healthy tissues. Additionally, high expression levels of RPN11 may be an indicator of poor prognosis, as validated by a breast cancer cohort from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Knockdown of RPN11 in MDA‑MB‑231 and T47D cells significantly reduced cell proliferation and enhanced G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis. Exogenous overexpression of RPN11 in MCF7 and Hs578T cells promoted cell growth and inhibited apoptosis. In addition, knockdown of RPN11 abrogated cell migration and reduced epithelial‑mesenchymal transition. In conclusion, these findings suggested that RPN11 may function as an oncogene and its upregulation in breast cancer suggests that it may be a therapeutic target.
ChemInform Abstract: A SHORT BIOMIMETIC SYNTHESIS OF THE ISOQUINOLINE AND THE NAPHTHALENE MOIETIES OF ANCISTROCLADUS ALKALOIDS FROM COMMON β‐POLYCARBONYL PRECURSORS (1982)

Abstract Aceton (I) wird in das gemischte Dianion (II) übergeführt, das mit den Dicarbonsäureestern (III)′ bzw. (VII) zu Tetraketonen (IV) bzw. (VIII) umgesetzt wird.
Gas‐permeation properties of asymmetric polycarbonate, polyestercarbonate, and fluorinated polyimide membranes prepared by the generalized dry–wet phase inversion process (1992)

Abstract Essentially defect‐free, ultrathin asymmetric polycarbonate, polyestercarbonate, and 6FDA–IPDA polyimide membranes were prepared by a dry/wet phase inversion process using forced‐convective evaporation. The pure gas permeation properties of these membranes were determined for N 2 , O 2 , He, CO 2 , and CH 4 . The average apparent skin‐layer thicknesses of the membrane samples varied between 330 and 580 Å, which is substantially thinner than for previous defect‐free membranes formed by the conventional wet phase inversion process. This study indicates that the dry/wet phase inversion process appears to be universally applicable to form ultrathin, defect‐free asymmetric membranes from hydrophobic, glassy polymers. © 1992 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Functional Characterization of Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts from Alkaline Phosphatase Knockout Mice (2000)

Tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) knockout (ko) mice manifest defects in bone mineralization that mimic the phenotypic abnormalities of infantile hypophosphatasia. In this article, we have searched for phenotypic differences between calvarial osteoblasts and osteoclasts in wild-type (wt), heterozygous and homozygous TNAP null mice. In vitro release of 45Ca from calvarial bones, with and without stimulation with parathyroid hormone (PTH), revealed no functional difference between osteoclasts from the three TNAP genotypes. Studies of primary cultures of TNAP+/+, TNAP+/-, and TNAP-/- calvarial osteoblasts revealed no differences in the rate of protein synthesis or in the expression levels of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) for osteopontin (OP), osteocalcin (OC), collagen type I, core binding factor alpha1 (Cbfa 1), N-cadherin, Smad 5, and Smad 7. Release of interleukin-6 (IL-6) from calvarial osteoblasts under basal conditions and after stimulation with PTH, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) or IL-1beta was similar in all genotypes. The amount of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation also was comparable. However, although cultures of primary TNAP-/- osteoblasts were able to form cellular nodules as well as TNAP positive osteoblasts do, they lacked the ability to mineralize these nodules in vitro. Mineralization also was delayed in TNAP+/- osteoblast cultures compared with cultures of wt osteoblasts. Incubation with media supplemented with recombinant TNAP, but not with enzymatically inactive TNAP, restored mineralization in ko osteoblast cultures. Our data provide evidence that osteoblasts in TNAP null mice differentiate normally but are unable to initiate mineralization in vitro. The fact that even heterozygous osteoblasts show delayed mineralization provides a rationale for the presence of bone disease in carriers of hypophosphatasia.
Solar Field Output Temperature Optimization Using a MILP Algorithm and a 0D Model in the Case of a Hybrid Concentrated Solar Thermal Power Plant for SHIP Applications (2021)

Using solar power for industrial process heat is an increasing trend to fight against climate change thanks to renewable heat. Process heat demand and solar flux can both present intermittency issues in industrial systems, therefore solar systems with storage introduce a degree of freedom on which optimization, on a mathematical basis, can be performed. As the efficiency of solar thermal receivers varies as a function of temperature and solar flux, it seems natural to consider an optimization on the operating temperature of the solar field. In this paper, a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) algorithm is developed to optimize the operating temperature in a system consisting of a concentrated solar thermal field with storage, hybridized with a boiler. The MILP algorithm optimizes the control trajectory on a time horizon of 48 h in order to minimize boiler use. Objective function corresponds to the boiler use, for completion of the heat from the solar field, whereas the linear constraints are a simplified representation of the system. The solar field mass flow rate is the optimization variable which is directly linked to the outlet temperature of the solar field. The control trajectory consists of the solar field mass flow rate and outlet temperature, along with the auxiliary mass flow rate going directly to the boiler. The control trajectory is then injected in a 0D model of the plant which performs more detailed calculations. For the purpose of the study, a Linear Fresnel system is investigated, with generic heat demand curves and constant temperature demand. The value of the developed algorithm is compared with two other control approaches: one operating at the nominal solar field output temperature, and the other one operating at the actual demand mass flow rate. Finally, a case study and a sensitivity analysis are presented. The MILP’s control shows to be more performant, up to a relative increase of the annual solar fraction of 4% at 350 °C process temperature. Novelty of this work resides in the MILP optimization of temperature levels presenting high non-linearities, applied to a solar thermal system with storage for process heat applications.
Design EG-LDPC codes for soft error mitigation in memory (2011)

As the feature sizes of integrated circuits decreasing, single event transient (SET) in combinational circuits can not been ignored any longer. In this paper, a novel fault-secure scheme for memory has been proposed by studying the structural features of Euclidean Geometry-Low Density Parity Check (EG-LDPC) codes. The proposed fault-secure scheme can tolerate transient faults both in the storage cell and in the encoder and decoder, using the parallel majority decoding and the feedback loop structure. In order to improve the decoding speed, an algorithm is presented, which can reduce the majority decoding of EG-LDPC codes into two steps. Furthermore, the proposed scheme can suit ordinary data width (e.g., 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> bits) in memory. Finally, the correcting capability and the reliability of the proposed scheme are analyzed. The experiment results reveal that the Mean Time to Failure (MTTF) of the proposed scheme is 419%, 104% and 118% compared with that of Hamming code, Matrix code and Reed-Muller code, respectively.
Porcine Dendritic Cells as an In Vitro Model to Assess the Immunological Behaviour of Streptococcus suis Subunit Vaccine Formulations and the Polarizing Effect of Adjuvants (2017)

An in vitro porcine bone marrow-derived dendritic cell (DC) culture was developed as a model for evaluating immune polarization induced by adjuvants when administered with immunogens that may become vaccine candidates if appropriately formulated. The swine pathogen <i>Streptococcus suis</i> was chosen as a prototype to evaluate proposed <i>S. suis</i> vaccine candidates in combination with the adjuvants Poly I:C, Quil A ®, Alhydrogel ®, TiterMax Gold ® and Stimune ®. The toll-like receptor ligand Poly I:C and the saponin Quil A ® polarized swine DC cytokines towards a type 1 phenotype, with preferential production of IL-12 and TNF-α. The water-in-oil adjuvants TiterMax Gold ® and Stimune ® favoured a type 2 profile as suggested by a marked IL-6 release. In contrast, Alhydrogel ® induced a type 1/type 2 mixed cytokine profile. The antigen type differently modified the magnitude of the adjuvant effect, but overall polarization was preserved. This is the first comparative report on swine DC immune activation by different adjuvants. Although further swine immunization studies would be required to better characterize the induced responses, the herein proposed in vitro model is a promising approach that helps assessing behaviour of the vaccine formulation rapidly at the pre-screening stage and will certainly reduce numbers of animals used while advancing vaccinology science.
Simulation of an Electrostatically Driven Microinjector (2007)

This paper presents results of analytical and numerical simulations of an electrostatically actuated microfuel injector. The electrostatic-structural coupling, efficiency of valves, and net flow rate of the pump are calculated using analytical relations and compared with numerical simulations. One way to increase flow rate is to increase the stroke volume, which may lead to large deflection of the diaphragm. Thus, the membrane load deflection relationship is no longer linear and when coupled to the inherently nonlinear fluid behavior leads to a complex problem. We used numerical methods to solve for the fluid-structure interaction and the large deflection of the membrane, and studied the effect of actuation frequency on the net flow rate.
In Situ Spectroelectrochemical Characterization Reveals Cytochrome-Mediated Electric Syntrophy in Geobacter Coculture (2021)

Direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) between microbial species prevails in some key microbial consortia. However, the electron transfer mechanism(s) in these consortia is controversial due to lack of efficient characterization methods. Here, we provide an in situ anaerobic spectroelectrochemical coculture cell (in situ ASCC) to induce the formation of DIET coculture biofilm on the interdigitated microelectrode arrays and characterize the electron transfer directly. Two typical <i>Geobacter</i> DIET cocultures, <i>Geobacter metallireducens</i> and wild-type <i>Geobacter sulfurreducens</i> (G.m&G.s) and <i>G. metallireducens</i> and a <i>G. sulfurreducens</i> strain deficient in citrate synthase (G.m&G.s-Δ<i>gltA</i>), were selected. In situ Raman and electrochemical Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated that cytochromes are abundant in the electric syntrophic coculture. Cyclic voltammetry and potential step experiment revealed a diffusion-controlled electron transfer process and the electrochemical gating measurements further demonstrated a cytochrome-mediated electron transfer in the DIET coculture. Furthermore, the G.m&G.s-Δ<i>gltA</i> coculture displayed a higher redox conductivity than the G.m&G.s coculture, consistent with the existence of an intimate and efficient electrical connection between these two species. Our findings provide the first report of a redox-gradient-driven electron transport facilitated by c-type cytochromes in DIET coculture, supporting the model that DIET is mediated by cytochromes and suggest a platform to explore the other DIET consortia.
[Experimental studies of prolonged circulatory maintenance with a left ventricular assistance in cardiac arrested goats]. (1989)

Recently, various types of left ventricular assist systems (LVAS) have become available to treat the patients in profound heart failures beyond the limit of the effects of IABP. However, the occurrence of an intractable severe bi-ventricular failure, ventricular fibrillation (VF) or cardiac arrest during the time with left ventricular assistance became a more serious problem. Since during the usage of these assist devices, pulmonary venous return will decrease, consequently, LVAS will not be able to maintain sufficient systemic circulation over a extended duration. This study was intended to develop a method of prolonged circulatory maintenance only with a LVAS in cardiac arrested goats until the time when heart transplantation will be performed. In this study, our LVAS was implanted between the left atrium and the aorta in twelve goats in which the hearts were fibrillated. We have followed the principle of circulatory maintenance only with our LVAS in cardiac arrest based on the pressure gradient between the right and left atria and at the same time the pump suction effect through the lungs. The results showed that when pulmonary vascular resistances (PVRs) were kept within normal ranges (less than 15,000 dynes.sec.cm-5), systemic circulations were well maintained only with LVAS as long as RAPs were kept in 14-18 mmHg. Under these conditions, the systemic circulatory flows have fluctuated between 80-140 ml/kg/min depending on the animals demands. The mean arterial pressures were kept above 80 mmHg and the goats have shown quite normal behaviors. However, in goats which showed the presence of pleural effusions and ascites were found to be more difficult to maintain prolonged normal circulation. In our study, the maintenance of total serum protein level above 6.0 g/dl was found to be essential to prevent the development of both pleural effusions and ascites . The authors have achieved the longest survival goat for a duration of 38 days after implantation with our LVAS. We have concluded that when PVRs may be kept in normal ranges, our LVAS can maintain normal systemic circulation even in arrested hearts for a prolonged duration during which time heart transplantation or total artificial heart replacement can be performed.
Reaction Mechanism and Regioselectivity of Methyl Oxirane on Si(111)-(7 × 7) (2014)

The reaction mechanism and regioselectivity of methyl oxirane (C3H6O) adsorbed on Si(111)-(7 × 7) have been studied using high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS), in situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The experimental results demonstrate that methyl oxirane chemically binds to Si(111)-(7 × 7) through both dative-bonded addition and ring-opening reaction via cleavage of C–C or one C–O bond within the epoxy group. The STM images also reveal that the adsorption is site-selective with a preference for center adatoms on the faulted half of the (7 × 7) unit cell. The DFT calculations further show that breaking the C(CH3)–O bond is most kinetically favorable with a relatively small barrier of ∼3 kcal/mol. The dative-bonded states are observable on the surface only after three adjacent adatom–rest atom pairs within one-half unit cell are fully reacted with the methyl oxirane molecules during the ring-opening reaction.