gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P378 A novel approach to managing patients with idiopathic gastroparesis (2021)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Patients with idiopathic gastroparesis often have difficult to manage upper gastrointestinal symptoms, resulting in many requiring enteral nutrition and becoming high service users. It is known that many of these patients will have previously experienced significant psychological trauma, including from multiple invalidating healthcare experiences. Previous work on the role of the gut-brain axis emphasises the benefit of a holistic approach to physical symptoms that may manifest as a result of trauma (Kinsinger S. et al. (2015). Snapshot of an integrated psychosocial gastroenterology service. World Journal of Gastroenterology.21(6): 1893–1899). There is therefore a need for a novel approach to this patient population, in particular earlier identification of confounding psychiatric co-morbidities. However measuring the success of such an approach would be challenging, given the lack of data on outcome measures. <h3>Methods</h3> A pathway for patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of gastroparesis, was created. This included earlier involvement of psychology and psychiatry as part of a multi-disciplinary team (MDT) approach. The MDT would also contribute to long-term management plans from an earlier stage, individualised treatment goals and defined criteria for commencing enteral nutrition. Measures of management success would include anthropometric measurements and use of symptom questionnaires. Outcome measures were identified and the relevant data recorded that reflected both patient and clinician costs of commencing and supporting enteral nutrition. <h3>Results</h3> Records for 18 patients with idiopathic gastroparesis (17 female, one male) were found, with an average age of 27 at diagnosis. 69% had a confirmed psychiatric diagnosis. Outcome measures were identified, which included number of radiological investigations for upper gastrointestinal symptoms, number of outpatient appointments, time between diagnosis and contact with mental health services, and number and length of stay of inpatient admissions. Diagnosed patients had on average 2.7 inpatient admissions between 01/09/18 - 31/08/19, with an average length of stay of 16.8 days. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The results have shown that there is a high burden of psychiatric co-morbidity and health service use in patients with idiopathic gastroparesis, supporting the need for the forthcoming implementation of a management pathway that better recognises this at an earlier stage in the patients journey. This study has proposed outcome measures, which may be useful in measuring improvements in the management of this patient population. However more research is required to support the use of such outcome measures.
Simultaneous Tracking of Capsid, Tegument, and Envelope Protein Localization in Living Cells Infected with Triply Fluorescent Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (2008)

We report here the construction of a triply fluorescent-tagged herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) expressing capsid protein VP26, tegument protein VP22, and envelope protein gB as fusion proteins with monomeric yellow, red, and cyan fluorescent proteins, respectively. The recombinant virus enabled us to monitor the dynamics of these capsid, tegument, and envelope proteins simultaneously in the same live HSV-1-infected cells and to visualize single extracellular virions with three different fluorescent emissions. In Vero cells infected by the triply fluorescent virus, multiple cytoplasmic compartments were found to be induced close to the basal surfaces of the infected cells (the adhesion surfaces of the infected cells on the solid growth substrate). Major capsid, tegument, and envelope proteins accumulated and colocalized in the compartments, as did marker proteins for the trans-Golgi network (TGN) which has been implicated to be the site of HSV-1 secondary envelopment. Moreover, formation of the compartments was correlated with the dynamic redistribution of the TGN proteins induced by HSV-1 infection. These results suggest that HSV-1 infection causes redistribution of TGN membranes to form multiple cytoplasmic compartments, possibly for optimal secondary envelopment. This is the first real evidence for the assembly of all three types of herpesvirus proteins-capsid, tegument, and envelope membrane proteins-in TGN.
Chronic NF-κB blockade improves renal angiotensin II type 1 receptor functions and reduces blood pressure in Zucker diabetic rats (2015)

Our present study indicates blockade of NF-κB, via inhibition of binding of NF-κB with AT1R promoter, reduces renal AT1R expression and function, improves oxidative stress and inflammatory/anti-inflammatory balance, therefore, lowers blood pressure and recovers renal function in ZDF rats.
Dynamic Simulation of n-Axis Serial Robotic Manipulators Using a Natural Orthogonal Complement (1988)

The concept of natural orthogonal complement is used to devise an algorithm that allows the systematic derivation of the n × n generalized inertia matrix of a general n-axis manipulator. To compute the joint accelerations from the governing equations of motion, two methods are presented, one based on the Cholesky decomposition of the generalized inertia matrix, and one based on a combination of mini mum-norm and least-squares approximations of underdeter mined and overdetermined linear algebraic systems, respec tively. Based on these methods, two corresponding algorithms for the dynamic simulation of general n-axis serial robotic manipulators are presented. The comparison of the two methods with those existing in the literature shows that the methods presented here are computationally more ef ficient. A simulation example of a well-known industrial manipulator is given.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Investigation of the Chemical and Physicochemical Properties of 6‐(1,4,5,6‐Tetrahydro‐6‐oxo‐3‐pyridazinyl)‐2,3‐dihydro‐2‐indolinones. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Viral Co-Infection Does Not Reduce the Efficacy of Vaccination against Non-Typeable <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> Middle Ear Infection in a Rat Model (2001)

The mucosal vaccination of rodents with killed non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) has been previously shown to enhance live NTHi clearance following middle ear challenge. This study assessed the efficacy of mucosal anti-NTHi vaccination during a concomitant viral infection of the respiratory tract. Animals were mucosally immunised with killed NTHi by intra-Peyer's patch primary inoculation and lung (intratracheal) boost. At the time of both immunisations rats were also infected intra-nasally with Sendai virus. Concomitant Sendai virus infection did not influence the efficacy of anti-NTHi vaccination mediated clearance of NTHi from the middle ear. This would suggest that immunisation strategies to prevent bacterial middle ear infection would be effective despite the presence of concomitant viral agents.
ChemInform Abstract: Conformationally Constrained Analogues of Diacylglycerol. Part 12. Ultrapotent Protein Kinase C Ligands Based on a Chiral 4,4‐ Disubstituted Heptono‐1,4‐lactone Template. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Optimal decision fusion with applications to target detection in wireless ad hoc sensor networks (2005)

Decision fusion is a decentralized decision making process where local decisions are combined to reach a global decision. In this work, we propose a complementary optimal decision fusion (CODF) method to the target detection task that arises in wireless ad hoc sensor network signal processing. We conduct extensive comparative study using standard datasets, and observe superior performance of CODF when compared with state-of-the-art decision fusion methods. In addition to distributed sensor network applications, the proposed CODF algorithm can be applied to numerous multi-modality, multi-agent, multi-media signal processing problems.
Exosomal let-7d-3p and miR-30d-5p as diagnostic biomarkers for non-invasive screening of cervical cancer and its precursors (2019)

Cervical cancer screening through detection and treatment of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is most successful in cancer prevention. However, the accuracy of the current cervical cancer screening tests is still low. The aim of this study was to develop a more accurate method based on circulating exosomal miRNAs. The miRNA sequencing was performed to identify candidate exosomal miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers in 121 plasma samples from healthy volunteers, cervical carcinoma patients, and CIN patients. A panel with eight differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs was identified to distinguish patients in the CIN II+ group (including advanced CIN II patients) from those in the CIN I- group (including CIN I patients and healthy volunteers). Let-7d-3p and miR-30d-5p showed significant difference between cervical tumors and adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.005), exhibited a consistent trend in plasma samples, and were further validated in 203 independent plasma samples. Integrating these two miRNAs yielded an AUC value of 0.828 to distinguish patients in CIN II+ group from those in CIN I- group. Further integrating them into a cytological test-based model resulted in a higher AUC of 0.887, while the AUC value based on the cytological test alone was 0.766. In summary, plasma exosomal miR-30d-5p and let-7d-3p are valuable diagnostic biomarkers for non-invasive screening of cervical cancer and its precursors. Further validation using large sample sizes is required for clinical diagnosis.
Pixel-level delta-sigma ADC with optimized area and power for vertically-integrated image sensors (2008)

Area and power optimization of a first-order delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for pixel-level data conversion is presented. The ADC is designed for use in a vertically-integrated logarithmic CMOS image sensor. A switched-capacitor modulator with minimum area has been employed. Unlike other similar structures, the decimation is performed inside the pixel to decrease its output bit rate. The proposed ADC has an area of 32 times 31 mum <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and consumes 680 nW of power to achieve 80 dB of signal-to-noise ratio with a frame rate of 50 Hz. The circuit was implemented in 0.18 mum CMOS technology with a die area of 2 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and has been sent for fabrication.
Potentially inappropriate medications in geriatric blood or marrow transplantation (BMT) survivors: A BMT Survivor Study report (2022)

This study shows the health problems associated with PIM use and identifies vulnerable populations at higher risk for PIM use, providing evidence for caution in using PIMs in high-risk populations.
Measure transformed quasi likelihood ratio test for Bayesian binary hypothesis testing (2016)

In this paper, a generalization of the Gaussian quasi likelihood ratio test (GQLRT) for Bayesian binary hypothesis testing is developed. The proposed generalization, called measure-transformed GQLRT (MT-GQLRT), selects a Gaussian probability model that best empirically fits a transformed conditional probability measure of the data. By judicious choice of the transform we show that, unlike the GQLRT, the proposed test is resilient to outliers and involves higher-order statistical moments leading to significant mitigation of the model mismatch effect on the decision performance. Under some mild regularity conditions we show that the test statistic of the proposed MT-GQLRT is asymptotically normal. A data driven procedure for optimal selection of the measure transformation parameters is developed that minimizes an empirical estimate of the asymptotic Bayes risk. The MT-GQLRT is applied to signal classification in a simulation example that establishes significantly improved probability of error performance relative to the standard GQLRT.
Every Click You Make: How the Proposed Disclosure of Law Students' Online Identities Violates Their First Amendment Right to Free Association (2009)

hen a state attempts to make inquiries about a person's beliefs or associations, its power is
The Use of Animal-Borne Biologging and Telemetry Data to Quantify Spatial Overlap of Wildlife with Marine Renewables (2021)

The growth of the marine renewable energy sector requires the potential effects on marine wildlife to be considered carefully. For this purpose, utilization distributions derived from animal-borne biologging and telemetry data provide accurate information on individual space use. The degree of spatial overlap between potentially vulnerable wildlife such as seabirds and development areas can subsequently be quantified and incorporated into impact assessments and siting decisions. While rich in information, processing and analyses of animal-borne tracking data are often not trivial. There is therefore a need for straightforward and reproducible workflows for this technique to be useful to marine renewables stakeholders. The aim of this study was to develop an analysis workflow to extract utilization distributions from animal-borne biologging and telemetry data explicitly for use in assessment of animal spatial overlap with marine renewable energy development areas. We applied the method to European shags (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) in relation to tidal stream turbines. While shag occurrence in the tidal development area was high (99.4%), there was no overlap (0.14%) with the smaller tidal lease sites within the development area. The method can be applied to any animal-borne bio-tracking datasets and is relevant to stakeholders aiming to quantify environmental effects of marine renewables.
A Highly Efficient and Photostable Photosensitizer with Near‐Infrared Aggregation‐Induced Emission for Image‐Guided Photodynamic Anticancer Therapy (2017)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), which relies on photosensitizers (PS) and light to generate reactive oxygen species to kill cancer cells or bacteria, has attracted much attention in recent years. PSs with both bright emission and efficient singlet oxygen generation have also been used for image-guided PDT. However, simultaneously achieving effective <sup>1</sup> O<sub>2</sub> generation, long wavelength absorption, and stable near-infrared (NIR) emission with low dark toxicity in a single PS remains challenging. In addition, it is well known that when traditional PSs are made into nanoparticles, they encounter quenched fluorescence and reduced <sup>1</sup> O<sub>2</sub> production. In this contribution, these challenging issues have been successfully addressed through designing the first photostable photosensitizer with aggregation-induced NIR emission and very effective <sup>1</sup> O<sub>2</sub> generation in aggregate state. The yielded nanoparticles show very effective <sup>1</sup> O<sub>2</sub> generation, bright NIR fluorescence centered at 820 nm, excellent photostability, good biocompatibility, and negligible dark in vivo toxicity. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments prove that the nanoparticles are excellent candidates for image-guided photodynamic anticancer therapy.
Influence of localised surface plasmons on energy transfer between quantum dots (2010)

The effects of surface plasmons (SPs) on Förster resonant energy transfer (FRET) in colloidal quantum dot (QD) structures have been investigated. CdTe QDs of two different sizes acted as donors and acceptors in a mixed donor-acceptor monolayer on top of a gold nanoparticle layer and an acceptor-gold-donor sandwich structure. The structures were prepared by a layer-by-layer technique and characterized by absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy as well as time-resolved PL measurements. For the case of the mixed QD monolayer a recovery of the acceptor emission is observed when increasing the acceptor-gold separation. The reduction of the donor lifetime indicates that the FRET process is enhanced by 30%. In the sandwich structure a clear modification of the FRET distance dependence towards a typical SP influenced dependence on the QD-gold separation is observed. The maximum acceptor QD emission occurs at approximately 12 nm from the intermediate gold layer, corresponding to a donor-acceptor separation at which no FRET is observed in structures without gold. By varying the gold concentration the acceptor PL enhancement can be increased and an absolute enhancement of 25% compared to structures without gold is achieved.
Massively‐parallel sequencing assists the diagnosis and guided treatment of cancers of unknown primary (2013)

The clinical management of patients with cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is hampered by the absence of a definitive site of origin. We explored the utility of massively-parallel (next-generation) sequencing for the diagnosis of a primary site of origin and for the identification of novel treatment options. DNA enrichment by hybridization capture of 701 genes of clinical and/or biological importance, followed by massively-parallel sequencing, was performed on 16 CUP patients who had defied attempts to identify a likely site of origin. We obtained high quality data from both fresh-frozen and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples, demonstrating accessibility to routine diagnostic material. DNA copy-number obtained by massively-parallel sequencing was comparable to that obtained using oligonucleotide microarrays or quantitatively hybridized fluorescently tagged oligonucleotides. Sequencing to an average depth of 458-fold enabled detection of somatically acquired single nucleotide mutations, insertions, deletions and copy-number changes, and measurement of allelic frequency. Common cancer-causing mutations were found in all cancers. Mutation profiling revealed therapeutic gene targets and pathways in 12/16 cases, providing novel treatment options. The presence of driver mutations that are enriched in certain known tumour types, together with mutational signatures indicative of exposure to sunlight or smoking, added to clinical, pathological, and molecular indicators of likely tissue of origin. Massively-parallel DNA sequencing can therefore provide comprehensive mutation, DNA copy-number, and mutational signature data that are of significant clinical value for a majority of CUP patients, providing both cumulative evidence for the diagnosis of primary site and options for future treatment.
Non-muscle myosin II in disease: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities (2015)

ABSTRACT The actin motor protein non-muscle myosin II (NMII) acts as a master regulator of cell morphology, with a role in several essential cellular processes, including cell migration and post-synaptic dendritic spine plasticity in neurons. NMII also generates forces that alter biochemical signaling, by driving changes in interactions between actin-associated proteins that can ultimately regulate gene transcription. In addition to its roles in normal cellular physiology, NMII has recently emerged as a critical regulator of diverse, genetically complex diseases, including neuronal disorders, cancers and vascular disease. In the context of these disorders, NMII regulatory pathways can be directly mutated or indirectly altered by disease-causing mutations. NMII regulatory pathway genes are also increasingly found in disease-associated copy-number variants, particularly in neuronal disorders such as autism and schizophrenia. Furthermore, manipulation of NMII-mediated contractility regulates stem cell pluripotency and differentiation, thus highlighting the key role of NMII-based pharmaceuticals in the clinical success of stem cell therapies. In this Review, we discuss the emerging role of NMII activity and its regulation by kinases and microRNAs in the pathogenesis and prognosis of a diverse range of diseases, including neuronal disorders, cancer and vascular disease. We also address promising clinical applications and limitations of NMII-based inhibitors in the treatment of these diseases and the development of stem-cell-based therapies.
Nanomedicines for Cancer Therapy: Current status, Challenges and Future Prospects (2019)

The emergence of nanomedicine as an innovative and promising alternative technology shows many advantages over conventional cancer therapies and provides new opportunities for early detection, improved treatment, and diagnosis of cancer. Despite the cancer nanomedicines' capability of delivering chemotherapeutic agents while providing lower systemic toxicity, it is paramount to consider the cancer complexity and dynamics for bridging the translational bench-to-bedside gap. It is important to conduct appropriate investigations for exploiting the tumor microenvironment, and achieving a more comprehensive understanding of the fundamental biological processes in cancer and their roles in modulating nanoparticle-protein interactions, blood circulation, and tumor penetration. This review provides an overview of the current cancer nanomedicines, the major challenges, and the future opportunities in this research area.
Advanced image processing for optical coherence tomographic angiography of macular diseases (2015)

This article provides an overview of advanced image processing for three dimensional (3D) optical coherence tomographic (OCT) angiography of macular diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). A fast automated retinal layers segmentation algorithm using directional graph search was introduced to separates 3D flow data into different layers in the presence of pathologies. Intelligent manual correction methods are also systematically addressed which can be done rapidly on a single frame and then automatically propagated to full 3D volume with accuracy better than 1 pixel. Methods to visualize and analyze the abnormalities including retinal and choroidal neovascularization, retinal ischemia, and macular edema were presented to facilitate the clinical use of OCT angiography.
Back Cover: Aromaticity Reversal in the Lowest Excited Triplet State of Archetypical Möbius Heteroannulenic Systems (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 22/2016) (2016)

In analogy to the two faces of the Roman god Janus, the aromaticity of metalated expanded porphyrins that are Möbius aromatic in the ground state can be reversed, as they become Möbius antiaromatic in the lowest excited triplet state. In their Communication on page 6487 ff., D. Kim, A. Osuka, and co-workers analyze this reversal of aromaticity by optical spectroscopy and quantum calculations.
A simple method to study colony development inStreptomyces (1985)

The study, by electron microscopy, of colony development in streptomycetes, is a laborious and time-consuming process which requires the use of large ultrathin sections that are usually difficult to obtain. In this work we have examined the colony growth in Streptomyces by means of semi-fine sections under the light microscope. The results obtained indicate that this simple and rapid method is useful for the study and characterization of both wild-type and 'bald' colonies in Streptomyces.