gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Islet β cell expression of constitutively active Akt1/PKBα induces striking hypertrophy, hyperplasia, and hyperinsulinemia (2001)

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt/PKB pathway mediates the mitogenic effects various nutrients and growth factors in cultured cells. To study its effects in vivo in pancreatic islet beta cells, we created transgenic mice that expressed a constitutively active Akt1/PKB alpha linked to an Insulin gene promoter. Transgenic mice exhibited a grossly visible increase in islet mass, largely due to proliferation of insulin-containing beta cells. Morphometric analysis verified a six-fold increase in beta cell mass/pancreas, a two-fold increase in 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation, a four-fold increase in the number of beta cells per pancreas area, and a two-fold increase in cell size in transgenic compared with wild-type mice at 5 weeks. At least part of the increase in beta cell number may be accounted for by neogenesis, defined by criteria that include beta cells proliferating from ductular epithelium, and by a six-fold increase in the number of single and doublet beta cells scattered throughout the exocrine pancreas of the transgenic mice. Glucose tolerance was improved, and fasting as well as fed insulin was greater compared with wild-type mice. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was maintained in transgenic mice, which were resistant to streptozotocin-induced diabetes. We conclude that activation of the Akt1/PKB alpha pathway affects islet beta cell mass by alteration of size and number.
EFEITO DA SUPLEMENTAÇÃO DO AMIDO RESISTENTE NA OBESIDADE E DIABETES TIPO 2 (2011)

Intoduction: The starch resistent (SR) is defined as starch and products from starch hydrolysis that are not absorbed in the small intestine. The green banana presents significant levels of SR, and it is considered a national alternative source for the intake of this substance. Objective: This article aims to review the supplementation of the starch resistant effects on the reduction of the obesity and glycemia of patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Literature Review: The effect is similar to dietary fiber. Because it is a slowly digested food, the SRhas been associated with a better control of the diabetes by the likely reduction of the glycemic index of the food. Furthermore, the SR which is not digested is capable of extending the period of satiety. Conclusion: Studies indicate that dietary fibers are closely linked to the prevention and treatment of various diseases, all things considered, the starch resistant proved to be benefic, with a low cost and easy access, enabling the generation of benefits to the public health, because the starch resistant is being capable of modifying the colonic microbiota.
Investigation of the properties of an optothermal detector (1978)

An optothermal detector with a pyroelectric sensitive element is described. Estimates are given of the limits of applicability of this device and its performance compared with the spectrophone. The dependences of the absorption coefficient of formaldehyde CH2O on its pressure and that of the buffer gas, determined experimentally at the P12–11 (17) CO line wavelength, are discussed. It is shown that the device can be used at low pressures of the investigated gas.
Botulinum Toxin A (Botox) for Relieving Penile Retraction (2009)

This preliminary report of botulinum toxin A (Botox) injection into the dartos muscle shows that Botox may have a potential effect in temporarily decreasing penile retractions in terms of frequency and amplitude.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New 1,2,3‐Triazolo[1,5‐a]quinazolinones. (2010)

Abstract The reaction of azidobenzoates (I) with nitriles (II) affords novel triazolo[1,5‐a]quinazolinone derivatives (III) in high yields.
Porous polymeric platform repairs primates after spinal cord injury (2017)

Amine-containing polymers immobilized on mesh and placed at trauma sites scavenge biomolecules that initiate a damaging immune response.
Synthesis of Biphenylenes and Their Higher Homologues by Cyclization of Aryne Derivatives (2017)

Abstract This investigation demonstrates that a series of biphenylenes can be easily prepared from their corresponding halobiphenyls by the cyclization of in situ generated 2′,3′‐didehydro‐2‐lithiobiphenyls at low temperature. Two remarkable advantages of this synthetic method include 1) the lack of any need for transition‐metal catalysts or reagents in the cyclization, and 2) the ability to obtain C1‐functionalized products by treating the reaction intermediate 1‐lithiobiphenylene with an electrophilic reagent. π‐Extended derivatives, such as benzobiphenylenes, dibenzobiphenylene, linear/angular [3]phenylenes, and biphenyleno[2,3‐ b ]biphenylenes, were synthesized similarly using suitable biaryls or teraryls.
Digital Decentralized Current Control for Parallel Multiphase Converter (2019)

This paper presents the study of a current control strategy using the decentralized principle for a parallel multiphase converter. Each cell of the converter synchronizes and regulates its own current simply and only by using information from neighboring cells. The first part will present this principle applied to obtain the interleaving of the control signals by using a local carrier phase-shift correction then in the second part this principle will be used for the balancing of the currents in the parallel association of the converter cells.
cdk/cdk: Patch Release of 2.1 (2017)

This patch release removes the SNAPSHOT dependency.
Power Control for D2D Underlay in Multi-cell Massive MIMO Networks (2018)

This paper proposes a new power control and pilot allocation scheme for device-to-device (D2D) communication underlaying a multi-cell massive MIMO system. In this scheme, the cellular users in each cell get orthogonal pilots which are reused with reuse factor one across cells, while the D2D pairs share another set of orthogonal pilots. We derive a closed-form capacity lower bound for the cellular users with different receive processing schemes. In addition, we derive a capacity lower bound for the D2D receivers and a closed-form approximation of it. Then we provide a power control algorithm that maximizes the minimum spectral efficiency (SE) of the users in the network. Finally, we provide a numerical evaluation where we compare our proposed power control algorithm with the maximum transmit power case and the case of conventional multi-cell massive MIMO without D2D communication. Based on the provided results, we conclude that our proposed scheme increases the sum spectral efficiency of multi-cell massive MIMO networks.
Reevaluation of the Role of Cellular Hypoxia and Bioenergetic Failure in Sepsis (1992)

Sepsis is frequently characterized by a number of metabolic abnormalities: increased plasma lactate concentration, metabolic acidosis, increased glycolysis, and an abnormal "delivery-dependent" oxygen consumption. Two hypotheses have been advanced to explain these metabolic abnormalities: (1) cellular hypoxia resulting from abnormal microcirculatory blood flow or (2) defect(s) in energy-producing metabolic pathways of cells. Results of our studies on rat muscle, liver, heart, brain, and plasma suggest that there is no evidence of bioenergetic failure in these septic tissues and that the increase in lactate production is not necessarily due to cellular hypoxia. The adequacy of cellular oxygenation and bioenergetics was verified using in vivo phosphorus 31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, [18F]fluoromisonidazole, and microfluorometric enzymatic techniques. Findings from these studies as well as results from several clinical investigations indicate that neither hypothesis can adequately account for the metabolic features typical of sepsis and that the pathophysiology of sepsis awaits further clarification. These studies and important clinical implications are discussed.
Construction of sheet–belt hybrid nanostructures from one-dimensional mesoporous TiO2(B) nanobelts and graphene sheets for advanced lithium-ion batteries (2012)

TiO2(B) is considered as a new kind of anode material, and an alternative to graphite, for high-power lithium ion batteries (LIBs) due to its characteristic pseudocapacitive energy storage mechanism. Herein, we firstly report the synthesis of one-dimensional (1D) mesoporous TiO2(B) nanobelts by hydrothermal treatment of commercial TiO2 (P25) powders in NaOH medium. The as-prepared TiO2(B) nanobelts, with typical sizes of 50–100 nm in width and several micrometers in length, have mesopore channels in the range of 10–30 nm. Moreover, we demonstrate the use of graphene as an excellent mini-current collector to in situ construct unique hybrid sheet–belt nanostructures (G–TiO2(B)) to optimize the performance. Such a 1D mesoporous TiO2(B) structure can provide numerous open channels for the electrolyte to access and facilitate the ultrafast diffusion of lithium ions. In addition, the introduced graphene layers will both be favorable for the fast electron transport in the electrode and make a great contribution to the specific capacity. As a consequence, this G–TiO2(B) hybrid can deliver an ultrahigh reversible capacity (over 430 mA h g−1 at a low current density of 0.15 A g−1), and present a superior rate capability (210 mA h g−1 at 3 A g−1).
A New Device for Arterial Blood Gas Sampling (1978)

Artifacts in CO<sub>2</sub>tension measurements owing to heparin dilution are eliminated by use of a sampling device employing crystalline heparin. The absence of a plunger and the low resistance to filling allows the use of small, 23- or 25-gauge needles, thus reducing pain during arterial puncture and hematoma formation. (<i>JAMA</i>239:2016-2017, 1978)
An Asian-specific MPL genetic variant alters JAK–STAT signaling and influences platelet count in the population (2021)

Genomic discovery efforts for hematological traits have been successfully conducted through genome-wide association study on samples of predominantly European ancestry. We sought to conduct unbiased genetic discovery for coding variants that influence hematological traits in a Han Chinese population. A total of 5257 Han Chinese subjects from Beijing, China were included in the discovery cohort and analyzed by an Illumina ExomeChip array. Replication analyses were conducted in 3827 independent Chinese subjects. We analyzed 12 hematological traits and identified 22 exome-wide significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP)-trait associations with 15 independent SNPs. Our study provides replication for two associations previously reported but not replicated. Further, one association was identified and replicated in the current study, of a coding variant in the myeloproliferative leukemia (MPL) gene, c.793C > T, p.Leu265Phe (L265F) with increased platelet count (β = 20.6 109 cells/l, Pmeta-analysis = 2.6 × 10-13). This variant is observed at ~2% population frequency in East Asians, whereas it has not been reported in gnomAD European or African populations. Functional analysis demonstrated that expression of MPL L265F in Ba/F3 cells resulted in enhanced phosphorylation of Stat3 and ERK1/2 as compared with the reference MPL allele, supporting altered activation of the JAK-STAT signal transduction pathway as the mechanism underlying the novel association between MPL L265F and platelet count.
Treatment of hepatitis B virus-infected patients: utility of therapeutic recommendations in developing countries (2009)

Treatment of HBV-infected patients should be appropriately followed up and healthcare delivery systems should be able to combat treatment-induced adverse side effects. Current therapeutic guidelines should be optimized based on the socio-economic conditions of developing countries.
Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering for medical diagnostics and biological imaging (2005)

Abstract We present recent development and applications of a surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology for use in medical diagnostics and biological imaging. For medical diagnostics, we use Raman‐active dye‐labeled DNA gene probes and nanostructured metallic substrates as SERS‐active platforms. The surface‐enhanced Raman gene probes can be used to detect DNA biotargets (e.g. gene sequences, bacteria and viral DNA) via hybridization to DNA sequences complementary to these probes. The SERS gene probes eliminate the need for radioactive labels and have great potential to provide both sensitivity, selectivity and label multiplexing for DNA sequencing and clinical assays. We also describe a hyperspectral surface‐enhanced Raman imaging (HSERI) system that combines imaging capabilities with SERS detection to identify cellular components with high spatial and temporal resolution. The HSERI system's application to biological imaging is demonstrated using Raman dye‐labeled silver nanoparticles in cellular systems. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Bending strain analysis considering a shift of the neutral axis for YBCO coated conductors with and without a Cu stabilizing layer (2011)

Bending tolerance is one of the most fundamental mechanical properties of YBCO coated conductors for application to a superconducting coil. In order to reveal the origin of the difference in critical current (Ic) with bending radius among various conductors, it is essential to estimate the bending strain at a superconducting layer. In this study, the bending strain was evaluated both experimentally and analytically for YBCO coated conductors with and without a Cu stabilizing layer. The internal tensile and bending strain of YBCO film in a composite conductor was directly evaluated from the shift of the Bragg peaks of a YBCO film using synchrotron radiation. We also present an analytical method to calculate the neutral axis position by considering its shift due to the progress of plastic deformation of the components such as Cu, Ag and Hastelloy. The validity of our strain analysis was confirmed by agreement of the measured and calculated internal bending strains. The calculation result shows that yielding of the Cu stabilizing layer has a strong influence on the position of the neutral axis and results in a weaker dependence of Ic. A comparison with tensile strain measurements shows that the effect of bending can be predicted from the tensile strain dependence.
Recombinant Protein Stability in Cyanobacteria (2021)

The living cell possesses extraordinary molecular and biochemical mechanisms by which to recognize and efficiently remove foreign, damaged, or denatured proteins. This essential function has been a barrier to the overexpression of recombinant proteins in most expression systems. A notable exception is the overexpression in <i>E. coli</i> of recombinant proteins, most of which, however, end-up as "inclusion bodies", <i>i.e.</i>, cytoplasmic aggregates of proteins that are inaccessible to the cell's proteasome. "Fusion constructs as protein overexpression vectors" proved to be unparalleled in their ability to cause substantial accumulation of recombinant proteins from plants, animals, and bacteria, as soluble proteins in unicellular cyanobacteria. Recombinant protein levels in the range of 10-20% of the total cellular protein can be achieved. The present work investigated this unique property in the context of recombinant protein stability in <i>Synechocystis</i> sp. PCC 6803 by developing and applying an <i>in vivo</i> cellular tobacco etch virus cleavage system with the objective of separating the target heterologous proteins from their fusion leader sequences. The work provides new insights about the overexpression, cellular stability, and exploitation of transgenes with commercial interest, highly expressed in a cyanobacterial biofactory. The results support the notion that eukaryotic plant- and animal-origin recombinant proteins are unstable, when free in the cyanobacterial cytosol but stable when in a fusion configuration with a highly expressed cyanobacterial native or heterologous protein. Included in this analysis are recombinant proteins of the plant isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway (isoprene synthase, β-phellandrene synthase, geranyl diphosphate synthase), the human interferon protein, as well as prokaryotic proteins (tetanus toxin fragment C and the antibiotic resistance genes kanamycin and chloramphenicol). The future success of synthetic biology approaches with cyanobacteria and other systems would require overexpression of pathway enzymes to attain product volume, and the work reported in this paper sets the foundation for such recombinant pathway enzyme overexpression.
Reliable profile reconstruction of GRIN lenses produced by ion-exchange processes (2018)

We propose a method that allows for a fast and accurate reconstruction of the refractive index profile of radially symmetric gradient index lenses fabricated by ion-exchange processes. The presented method enables the reconstruction of the profile up to the 10th polynomial order without direct spatially resolved refractive index measurements. It requires as input a working distance measurement at the paraxial limit and an accurate wavefront aberration measurement at full aperture. In addition, the approach combines the information about the optical behavior with the knowledge about the overall mass density changes of the glass rods during the ion exchange production processes to refine the reconstruction. Finally, the reconstruction of multiple profiles produced with different boundary conditions is demonstrated and confirms the functionality of the method.
ASOP: arithmetic sum-of-products generator (2002)

We present a complex arithmetic structure generator ASOP (arithmetic sum-of-products), one of the features of Autologic Blocks. This structure generator is capable of producing multipliers, multioperand adders, filters, and other complex arithmetic structures useful for signal processing applications. The approach presented for recoding the operands in an arithmetic expression is very different from conventional methods. The recoding algorithms takes into account the representation (signed/unsigned) and the type (constant/signal) of the operands in arithmetic expressions. We use some fine tuning techniques to enhance the performance of structures.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Tri-n-butylstannylacetylene (2001)

[994-89-8] C14H28Sn (MW 315.13) InChI = 1S/3C4H9.C2H.Sn/c3*1-3-4-2;1-2;/h3*1,3-4H2,2H3;1H; InChIKey = YEMJHNYABQHWHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (addition of organometallic reagents affords alkenic stannanes; palladium-catalyzed coupling yields enynes; 1,3-dipolarophile) Physical Data: bp 70 °C/0.2 mmHg; d 1.089 g cm−3. Solubility: sol common hydrocarbon and ethereal solvents. Form Supplied in: available from several commercial sources. Preparative Method: prepared by the reaction of Lithium Acetylide with Tri‐n‐butylchlorostannane.2 Purification: distillation. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: organostannane reagents are potentially toxic.3 Therefore their preparation and use must be conducted wearing appropriate protective clothing and in a well ventilated fume hood.
Elastic modulus of amorphous boron suboxide thin films studied by theoretical and experimental methods (2003)

Boron suboxide BOx thin films have been deposited on Si (100) by reactive rf magnetron sputtering of B powders in an Ar/O2 atmosphere. Elastic recoil detection analysis and x-ray diffraction were used to study the influence of the O incorporation on the film composition and structure and relate them to mechanical properties, which were evaluated by nanoindentation. As x in BOx was increased from 0.08 to 0.18, the elastic modulus of the x-ray amorphous films decreased from 273 to 231 GPa, by 15%. This can be understood using classical molecular dynamics (MD) with a Buckingham-like interaction potential: The increase in the O concentration and corresponding formation of B–O bonds, shown to be longer than the B–B bonds, resulted in larger ionic contributions as well as a density reduction. This increased ionicity was responsible for the observed decrease in elastic modulus. As even more O was incorporated (x&amp;gt;0.18), the H concentration increased, exceeding 0.3 at. %. This may cause the formation of boric acid (H3BO3) as a result of the chemical reaction with H2O upon atmosphere exposure. The presence of van der Waals and hydrogen bonding, associated with H3BO3 formation, provides a reasonable explanation for the extensive decrease in elastic modulus from 231 to 15 GPa, by 94%. The parameterization for the Buckingham-like interaction potential, introduced in this study, can be used for MD simulations of amorphous BOx systems without H3BO3.
Blood Glucose Measurements by Photoacoustics (1998)

Glucose concentrations have been measured by the pulsed photoacoustic technique both in-vitro and in-vivo. The in- vitro results show that glucose concentrations in the physiological range (30 - 600mg/dl) can be measured with an accuracy of better than 0.1% with a correlation of R 2 = 0.989. The role of other blood analytes in photoacoustic measurements have been explored, ¡η-vivo measurements on 8 subjects have been achieved with a standard deviation of between ± 1.5% and ± 12 % with an R 2 = 0.959 over the glucose concentration range 80 - 640mg/dl.
Ibuprofen in Therapeutic Concentrations Affects the Secretion of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells, but Not Their Proliferative and Migratory Capacity (2022)

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are able to modulate the immune system activity and the regeneration processes mainly through the secretion of multiple soluble factors, including prostaglandin E2 (PGE<sub>2</sub>). PGE<sub>2</sub> is produced as a result of cyclooxygenases (COX) activity. In the present study, we investigated how ibuprofen, a nonselective COX inhibitor, affects the proliferation, migration and secretion of human bone marrow MSCs (hBM-MSCs). For this purpose, six hBM-MSCs populations were treated with ibuprofen at doses which do not differ from maximum serum concentrations during standard pharmacotherapy. Ibuprofen treatment (25 or 50 µg/mL) substantially reduced the secretion of PGE<sub>2</sub> in all tested populations. Following ibuprofen administration, MSCs were subjected to proliferation (BrdU), transwell migration, and scratch assays, while its effect on MSCs secretome was evaluated by Proteome Profiler and Luminex immunoassays. Ibuprofen did not cause statistically significant changes in the proliferation rate and migration ability of MSCs (<i>p</i> > 0.05). However, ibuprofen (25 µg/mL for 3 days) significantly decreased mean secretion of: CCL2 (by 44%), HGF (by 31%), IL-6 (by 22%), VEGF (by 20%) and IL-4 (by 8%) compared to secretion of control MSCs (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Our results indicate that ibuprofen at therapeutic concentrations may impair the pro-regenerative properties of hBM-MSCs.
Untangling the Complex Web of IL-4– and IL-13–Mediated Signaling Pathways (2008)

Unraveling the exact signaling events mediating the distinct functions of the T cell-derived cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13 has been challenging because they are structurally similar and share a functional signaling receptor chain. A study now proposes a potential molecular mechanism to explain the functional differences between IL-4 and IL-13 that involves the ability of IL-4, but not IL-13, to effectively activate the insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2) signaling cascade through binding to its receptor. A better understanding of the interactions of IL-4 and IL-13 with their cognate receptors may facilitate the development of therapies without unintended side effects.
Influence on ocular surface after cataract surgery and effect of topical diquafosol on postoperative dry eye: a multicenter prospective randomized study (2017)

Our study suggests that cataract surgery has harmful effects on tear film stability and ocular surface, and DQS has a capability to improve them.