gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic CT angiography for therapy evaluation after transarterial chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma (2019)

Background Liver dynamic computed tomography (CT) is an established method for pre- and post-interventional evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma. To date only the liver parenchyma and perfusion information of dynamic CT has been evaluated widely. Purpose To evaluate the vascular information contained in dynamic CT datasets. Material and Methods Dynamic CT performed one day after transarterial chemoembolization (60 mL of contrast medium, 6 mL/s, 40 s scan duration) were retrospectively evaluated. Conventional slice and angiographic maximum-intensity-projection reconstructions were calculated on a multi-modality post-processing platform. Datasets were evaluated for viable tumor, anatomy of the vasculature, and potential tumor-feeding vessels. The results were compared to digital subtraction angiography images. Results In total, 94 treated hepatocellular carcinoma nodules were evaluated (62 dynamic CT scans, 46 patients [34 men; mean age = 69 years]). Forty-six partially viable tumors were diagnosed after transarterial chemoembolization. In all of these, tumor-feeding vessels were found in dynamic CT. Seventeen suspected extra-hepatic tumor feeders were reported, of which 14 had not been found during previous transarterial chemoembolization. Conclusion Dynamic CT is useful in post-interventional imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma after transarterial chemoembolization due to its ability to detect residual viable tumor parts and to show previously unknown intra- and extra-hepatic tumor-feeding vessels.
Maestro tissue factor reaches new hEIGHT (2017)

In this issue of Blood, Kamikubo et al broaden the already diverse tissue factor (TF) repertoire to include activation of anti–hemophilia A clotting factor VIII (FVIII), which amplifies coagulation initiation.1
Of Writing, Imagination, and Dialogue: A Transformative Experience (1997)

Abstract Using our voice, expressing ourselves through writing, and allowing our imaginative spirit to lead us to new perspectives are intertwining strands in a transformative experience.
Limitations on the Re-use of patient specific coefficients for 12-lead ECG reconstruction (2008)

Patient specific coefficients for reconstructing missing precordial leads (patient-specific single-use or PSS) show good performance but require a 12-lead ECG to start monitoring. A more convenient approach is either the use of population based coefficients (POP) or patient specific coefficients from an old 12-lead ECG (patient-specific multi-use or PSM). We used a data set of 1493 resting 12-lead ECGs from 224 patients. Waveform comparisons were made between recorded 12-lead and reconstructed cases using RMS difference. Three cases were compared, PSS, PSM and POP. Median RMS reconstruction error in the ST-T region was 16, 46 and 40μV for lead configuration V1/V4 in the PSS, PSM and POP cases respectively. For the V2/V5 configuration, median ST-T RMS error was 8, 40 and 41μV. The RMS error for the PSS case was lower and significantly better by paired T-test. The difference between the two more convenient use-models, PSM and POP, was not significant. Population based coefficients are preferred over patient-specific coefficients if the single-use use-model cannot be followed.
Femtosecond Spectroscopy of Carrier Relaxation Dynamics in Type II CdSe/CdTe Tetrapod Heteronanostructures (2005)

Branched nanocrystal heterostructures synthesized from CdSe and CdTe exhibit a type II band structure alignment that induces separation of charge upon photoexcitation and localizes carriers to different regions of the tetrahedral geometry. The dynamics of carrier relaxation examined with femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy showed heterostructures having rise times and biexponential decays longer than those of nanorods with similar dimensions. This is attributed to weaker interactions with surface states and nonradiative relaxation channels afforded by the type II alignment.
Land Cover Characterization and Classification of Arctic Tundra Environments by Means of Polarized Synthetic Aperture X- and C-Band Radar (PolSAR) and Landsat 8 Multispectral Imagery — Richards Island, Canada (2014)

In this work the potential of polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PolSAR) data of dual-polarized TerraSAR-X (HH/VV) and quad-polarized Radarsat-2 was examined in combination with multispectral Landsat 8 data for unsupervised and supervised classification of tundra land cover types of Richards Island, Canada. The classification accuracies as well as the backscatter and reflectance characteristics were analyzed using reference data collected during three field work campaigns and include in situ data and high resolution airborne photography. The optical data offered an acceptable initial accuracy for the land cover classification. The overall accuracy was increased by the combination of PolSAR and optical data and was up to 71% for unsupervised (Landsat 8 and TerraSAR-X) and up to 87% for supervised classification (Landsat 8 and Radarsat-2) for five tundra land cover types. The decomposition features of the dual and quad-polarized data showed a high sensitivity for the non-vegetated substrate (dominant surface scattering) and wetland vegetation (dominant double bounce and volume scattering). These classes had high potential to be automatically detected with unsupervised classification techniques.
A Review of Gene, Drug and Cell-Based Therapies for Usher Syndrome (2020)

Usher syndrome is a genetic disorder causing neurosensory hearing loss and blindness from retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Adaptive techniques such as braille, digital and optical magnifiers, mobility training, cochlear implants, or other assistive listening devices are indispensable for reducing disability. However, there is currently no treatment to reduce or arrest sensory cell degeneration. There are several classes of treatments for Usher syndrome being investigated. The present article reviews the progress this research has made towards delivering commercial options for patients with Usher syndrome.
Cyclopentadienylmolybdenum(VI) and Molybdenum(V) Oxo Chemistry: New Synthetic and Structural Features (2002)

Convenient syntheses for Cp, Cp*, and related cyclopentadienyl derivatives (4Cp = C5HiPr4; Cp′′′ = C5H2tBu3-1,2,4) of formula [(Ring)2Mo2O5] are described. Compound [Cp2Mo2O5] was produced in good yields by the rapid oxidation of red [CpMoO2]4 with PhIO in CH2Cl2. [Cp*2Mo2O5] was obtained by CH3COOH acidification of aqueous solutions of [Cp*MoO3]−Na+, the latter being generated in a single step from [Cp*MoCl4] and more than 5 equiv. of aqueous NaOH in air. Minor quantities of [Cp*MoO2]2 were also isolated from this reaction, although the formation of this by-product may be reduced by using a two-step basic hydrolysis procedure. Extension of the latter strategy also allowed the preparation of [4Cp2Mo2O5], [Cp′′′2Mo2O5], and [4CpMoO2Cl] in good yields, in addition to the by-product [Cp′′′MoO2]2. X-ray structures are reported for compounds [4Cp2Mo2O5], [Cp′′′2Mo2O5], [Cp*MoO2]2, [Cp′′′MoO2]2, and [4CpMoO2Cl]. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2002)
Liquid-activated quantum emission from pristine hexagonal boron nitride for nanofluidic sensing (2023)

Liquids confined down to the atomic scale can show radically new properties. However, only indirect and ensemble measurements operate in such extreme confinement, calling for novel optical approaches that enable direct imaging at the molecular level. Here we harness fluorescence originating from single-photon emitters at the surface of hexagonal boron nitride for molecular imaging and sensing in nanometrically confined liquids. The emission originates from the chemisorption of organic solvent molecules onto native surface defects, revealing single-molecule dynamics at the interface through the spatially correlated activation of neighbouring defects. Emitter spectra further offer a direct readout of the local dielectric properties, unveiling increasing dielectric order under nanometre-scale confinement. Liquid-activated native hexagonal boron nitride defects bridge the gap between solid-state nanophotonics and nanofluidics, opening new avenues for nanoscale sensing and optofluidics.
Fabrication of Hydroxyapatite Microcapsules for Controlled Release of Hydrophobic Drug (2016)

Hydroxyapatite (HAp), a principal component of living bone and teeth, is collecting a lot of attention as a biomaterial owing to its biocompatibility. Also, HAp formed in simulated body fluid (SBF) has flake-like structure and porous body. From these properties, in this study, we fabricated HAp microcapsules encapsulating ibuprofen by attaching the Apatite Nuclei (ANs) on oil droplets containing the ibuprofen and soaking the mixture in SBF. In addition, we evaluated the behavior of drug release from the microcapsules In Vitro.
Native fluorescence changes induced by bactericidal agents (2005)

Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy were measured for five species of bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcusaureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) subjected to three bactericidal agents, formaldehyde, sodium hypochlorite (bleach), and hydrogen peroxide. For all species, the fluorescence was dominated by tryptophan emission with a fluorescence lifetime that can be described by a bi-exponential decay profile. Application of bleach resulted in an almost total loss of scattering and fluorescence, which indicated that total destruction of proteins and amino acids may have occurred. Hydrogen peroxide decreased the fluorescence intensity and shifted /spl lambda//sub max/ to shorter wavelengths, except in S. aureus, which is resistant to oxidizing agents. The formaldehyde shifted /spl lambda//sub max/ to shorter wavelengths for B. subtilis, S. aureus, E. faecalis, and E. coli. The formaldehyde shortened the lifetime of the slow component and increased the amplitude of the fast component relative to the slow component. This study demonstrates that fluorescence spectroscopy offers a method to evaluate the potential for killing bacteria and decontaminating areas by disinfecting agents.
Synthetic Route Discovery and Introductory Optimization of a Novel Process to Idebenone (2011)

An environmentally benign, convenient, high yielding, and cost-effective synthesis leading to idebenone is disclosed. The synthesis includes a bromination process for the preparation of 2-bromo-3,4,5-trimethoxy-1-methylbenzene, a protocol for the Heck cross-coupling reaction using either thermal or microwave heating, olefin reduction by palladium catalyzed hydrogenation, and a green oxidation protocol with hydrogen peroxide as oxidant to achieve the benzoquinone framework. The total synthesis is composed of six steps that provide an overall yield of 20% that corresponds to a step yield of 76%.
Bipolar disorder with seasonal pattern (2012)

Geoffroy, PAa,b,c,d; Etain, Ba,b,d; Boudebesse, Ca,b; Lajnef, Ma; Bellivier, F1,d,e; Leboyer, Ma,b,d,e Author Information
Familial multiple coagulation factor deficiencies – chance associations and distinct clinical disorders (2008)

Summary. The familial multiple coagulation factor deficiencies (FMCFDs) are a group of rare haemostatic disorders of genetic origin in which there is reduced plasma activity of more than one coagulation factor. FMCFDs may arise from co‐incidental inheritance of separate coagulation factor deficiencies or from a single genetic or cytogenetic defect. All the FMCFDs present significant challenges in diagnosis and management yet there is little systematic evidence with which to guide clinical practice. This review summarizes the historical literature that describes the FMCFDs and introduces a refined classification of these disorders. The clinical and laboratory characteristics of the most common FMCFDs are considered in detail.
Specific-Pathogen-Free Pigs as an Animal Model for Studying Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infection (2005)

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate pigs as a large-animal model for female genital infection with two Chlamydia trachomatis human serovar E strains. Sixteen-week-old specific-pathogen-free female pigs (gilts) were intravaginally infected with the trachoma type E reference strain Bour or the urogenital serovar E strain 468. Several conclusions can be drawn from our findings on the pathogenicity of a primary C. trachomatis genital infection in gilts. First of all, we demonstrated that the serovar E strains Bour and 468 could ascend in the genital tract of gilts. The serovar E strains could replicate in the superficial columnar cervical epithelium and in the superficial epithelial layer of the uterus, which are known to be the specific target sites for a C. trachomatis genital infection in women. Second, inflammation and pathology occurred at the replication sites. Third, the organisms could trigger a humoral immune response, as demonstrated by the presence of immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG, and IgA in both serum and genital secretion samples. Our findings imply that the pig model might be useful for studying the pathology, pathogenesis, and immune response to a C. trachomatis infection of the genital system.
BIOLUMINESCENCE IN THE MARINE DINOFLAGELLATE PYROCYSTIS LUNULA (2000)

Marine dinoflagellates are the main contributors to a phenomenon commonly known as “phosphorescence of the sea”. Several investigators using different dinoflagellate species have shown that dinoflagellate bioluminescence is regulated by a circadian rhythm. Diverse bioluminescent systems exist in different organisms; however, all systems utilize an enzyme luciferase and the substrates luciferins, which show inter‐species cross‐reactivity. In marine dinoflagellates, luciferase and luciferin are localized in specific organelles, termed scintillons, which are usually located in close proximity to the vacuole during their active state. Bioluminescence is stimulated by mechanical stress or by acidification of the medium. Nicolas and co‐workers (1987, J. Cell Biol. 105: 723‐735) suggested that bioluminescence is triggered by an acidification of the scintillon caused by events that depolarize the tonoplast (proton trigger model). However, little is known about the signal transduction cascade that relays the mechanical stimulus perceived at the plasma membrane to the tonoplast. This study investigates the response of the bioluminescent system of Pyrocystis lunula to various parameters such as age of culture, light quality and quantity, disturbance (handling), sensitivity to chemicals, etc. to determine, if the bioluminescent response of P. lunula suitable for measuring environmental toxicants. The assay system used measures bioluminescence in response to mechanical stimuli or acidification allowing us to determine, if the response varies amongst the two different types of stimulation under different experimental conditions. The use of cell‐permeant inhibitors for certain signaling pathways in this assay may help to biochemically characterize events involved in signal transduction from the plasma membrane to the scintillon.
Evaluation of the quality of blood components obtained after automated separation of whole blood by a new multiunit processor (2012)

Blood components prepared with the Reveos from fresh or overnight-held WB meet quality criteria without any relevant difference between the two groups. The Reveos system has the potential to increase efficacy and standardization of blood component preparation.
OPTIMUM UTILIZATION AND SELECTION OF MOWERS FOR HIGHWAY RIGHTS-OF-WAY (1967)

A STUDY OF ROADSIDE MOWING OPERATIONS WAS CONDUCTED IN LOUISIANA TO DETERMINE THE OPTIMUM SIZE AND COMBINATION OF MOWERS FOR ROADSIDE MOWING. STUDY OF OPTIMIZATION PROCEDURES USED IN INDUSTRY INDICATED THAT LINEAR PROGRAMMING METHODS COULD BE APPLIED TO THE PROBLEM OF UTILIZING AND SELECTING ROADSIDE MOWING. THE ROADSIDES IN A PARISH MODEL WERE SURVEYED TO DETERMINE THE AREA, PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS AND THE NUMBER AND TYPES OF OBSTRUCTIONS WITHIN EACH CONTROL SECTION. TIME AND MOTION STUDIES WERE CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE THE WORKDAY LENGTH AND FIELD CAPACITIES OF THE MOWERS AS THEY OPERATED ON THE DIFFERENT CLASSES OF ROADSIDES. THE MOWING COSTS PER ACRE WERE DETERMINED FROM THIS INFORMATION. A PROGRAMMED MOWING CYCLE WAS SET UP BY USING FIELD TEST DATA IN CONJUNCTION WITH LINEAR PROGRAMMING METHODS TO ASSIGN THE MOWERS TO DIFFERENT CLASSES. SEVEN CLASSES OF RIGHT-OF-WAY ADEQUATELY DESCRIBED THE PARISH ROAD NETWORK. FOUR TYPES OF MOWERS WERE TESTED IN THE PARISH MODEL. THE ASSIGNMENT PROCEDURE CAN BE ADAPTED TO ANY NUMBER OF RIGHT- OF-WAY CLASSES AND ANY NUMBER OF MOWERS. THE PROCEDURE MAXIMIZES PRODUCTION OF AN EXISTING COMBINATION OF MOWERS WHILE MINIMIZING THE COST OF COMPLETING A MOWING CYCLE. IT CAN ALSO BE ADAPTED TO AID IN SELECTING OPTIMUM REPLACEMENT MOWERS.
Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Aza[n]helicenes (2016)

Synthesis and study of aza[7]helicene and aza[9]helicene is presented in this paper. Photo-dehydrocyclization of the 3,6-bis-styryl derivative of carbazole leading to sterically less demanding aza[7]helicene resulted in smooth reaction, and only the desired angular-angular product was detected. However, in the case of aza[9]helicene, along with the expected angular-angular cyclization, three other products involving linear mode of cyclization were also isolated and characterized. In this case, the helical compound aza[9]helicene was predominantly formed at lower concentration while the other isomers were obtained at higher concentration. All of the compounds formed by angular-angular, angular-linear, and linear-linear modes of cyclization were fully characterized, and their photophysical properties were investigated.
Loss of Interleukin-21 Receptor Activation in Hypoxic Endothelial Cells Impairs Perfusion Recovery After Hindlimb Ischemia (2015)

Our data indicate that IL-21R upregulation and ligand activation in hypoxic ECs may help perfusion recovery by limiting/preventing apoptosis and favoring cell survival and angiogenesis through the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway.
Reduced Nhe1 (Na + -H + Exchanger-1) Function Protects ApoE-Deficient Mice From Ang II (Angiotensin II)–Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (2020)

IgE-mediated activation of Nhe1 (Na<sup>+</sup>-H<sup>+</sup> exchanger-1) induces aortic cell extracellular acidification and promotes cell apoptosis. A pH-sensitive probe pHrodo identified acidic regions at positions of macrophage accumulation, IgE expression, and cell apoptosis in human and mouse abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) lesions. Ang II (angiotensin II)-induced AAA in Nhe1-insufficient <i>Apoe</i><sup>-/-</sup><i>Nhe1</i><sup>+/-</sup> mice and <i>Apoe</i><sup>-/-</sup><i>Nhe1</i><sup>+/+</sup> littermates tested Nhe1 activity in experimental AAA, because <i>Nhe1</i><sup>-/-</sup> mice develop ataxia and epileptic-like seizures and die early. Nhe1 insufficiency reduced AAA incidence and size, lesion macrophage and T-cell accumulation, collagen deposition, elastin fragmentation, cell apoptosis, smooth muscle cell loss, and MMP (matrix metalloproteinase) activity. Nhe1 insufficiency also reduced blood pressure and the plasma apoptosis marker TCTP (translationally controlled tumor protein) but did not affect plasma IgE. While pHrodo localized the acidic regions to macrophage clusters, IgE expression, and cell apoptosis in AAA lesions from <i>Apoe</i><sup>-/-</sup><i>Nhe1</i><sup>+/+</sup> mice, such acidic areas were much smaller in lesions from <i>Apoe</i><sup>-/-</sup><i>Nhe1</i><sup>+/-</sup> mice. Nhe1-FcεR1 colocalization in macrophages from AAA lesions support a role of IgE-mediated Nhe1 activation. Gelatin zymography, immunoblot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses demonstrated that Nhe1 insufficiency reduced the MMP activity, cysteinyl cathepsin expression, IgE-induced apoptosis, and NF-κB activation in macrophages and blocked IgE-induced adhesion molecule expression in endothelial cells. A near-infrared fluorescent probe (LS662) together with fluorescence reflectance imaging of intact aortas showed reduced acidity in AAA lesions from Nhe-1-insufficient mice. This study revealed extracellular acidity at regions rich in macrophages, IgE expression, and cell apoptosis in human and mouse AAA lesions and established a direct role of Nhe1 in AAA pathogenesis.
A combination of nonsolvent and thermally induced phase separation (N-TIPS) technique for the preparation of highly porous cellulose acetate membrane as lithium-ion battery separators (2023)

<title>Abstract</title> Polyolefin-based lithium-ion battery separators generally exhibit poor wettability and low porosity, which hamper their ability to preserve electrolyte solution, thus adversely impacting battery performance because it correlates with ionic transport. Therefore, developing a separator with better wettability and porosity has received significant interest in improving battery performance due to its contribution to ionic transport. Herein, porous cellulose acetate (CA) separators were prepared via nonsolvent and thermally induced phase separation (N-TIPS) technique using N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as the polymer solvent and water as the nonsolvent. A glass plate was casted with cellulose acetate dissolved in NMP. Following this, the polymer solution was evaporated at 75°C, then was immersed in a water coagulation bath as the nonsolvent, resulting in a flexible membrane. An evaporation time at 55, 65, or 75 minutes was performed to determine how evaporation affected the structures of membrane pore. CA-based separator that treated with 55 minutes of evaporation generates the highest ionic conductivity of 3.07 x 10 − 2 mS.cm<sup>-1</sup>, which can be attributed to their uniform microporous structure, porosity of 62%, and electrolyte uptake of 331%. In comparison to Celgard, a commercial polyolefin-based separator that just able to generates an ionic conductivity of 9.41 x 10 − 4 mS.cm<sup>-1</sup>, the CA 55 membrane exhibits far superior electrochemical performance. Based on these results, the CA 55 membrane is considered a feasible alternative for utilization in lithium-ion battery separators.
Simulating Remote Support for Mathematical Perseverance Through a Digital Sketching Application (2021)

This exploratory study showed how a digital sketching application helped keep 4th-grade students engaged with challenging mathematics tasks and support their perseverance to learn mathematics conceptually. The application is currently being developed as a tool based on digital assignments for which students freehand sketch visual representations to solve conceptual fractions tasks. Participants engaged with a simulation of the application and received personalized and conceptual feedback based on their sketching mistakes. Our findings showed that participants were able to leverage such feedback to persevere with the task and make mathematical progress, even at moments when they were most challenged and frustrated.
High resolution index of refraction profiling of optical waveguides (2003)

A comparison is made between three high spatial resolution index of refraction profiling techniques:reflection-NSOM, microreflection and AFM plus selective chemical etching using the very small elliptical core of a polarization maintaining E-fiber from Andrew Corporation as a test waveguide.
Adaptive Internal Model Control for Mid-Ranging of Closed-Loop Systems with Internal Saturation (2013)

This paper considers the problem of performing mid-ranging control of two closed-loop controlled systems that have internal saturations. The problem originates from previous work in machining with industrial robots, where an external compensation mechanism is used to compensate for position errors. Because of the limited workspace and the considerably higher bandwidth of the compensator, a mid-ranging control approach is proposed. An adaptive, model-based solution is presented, which is verified through simulations and experiments, where a close correspondence of the obtained results is achieved. Comparing the IAE of experiments using the proposed controller to previously established methods, a performance increase of up to 56 % is obtained.