gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Privacy Preserving Integration of Health Care Data (2012)

For health care related research studies the medical records of patients may need to be retrieved from multiple sites with different regulations on the disclosure of health information. Given the sensitive nature of health care information, privacy is a major concern when patients' health care data is used for research purposes. In this paper, we propose an approach for integration and querying of health care data from multiple sources in a secure and privacy preserving manner.
Particle Filter-Based Estimation of Instantaneous Frequency for the Diagnosis of Electrical Asymmetries in Induction Machines (2014)

Fault diagnosis of induction machines operating under variable load conditions is still an unsolved matter. Under those regimes, the application of conventional diagnostic techniques is not suitable, since they are adapted to the analysis of stationary quantities. In this context, modern transient-based methodologies become very appropriate. This paper improves a technique, based on the application of Wigner-Ville distribution as time-frequency decomposition tool, using a particle filtering method as feature extraction procedure, to diagnose and quantify electrical asymmetries in induction machines, such as wound-rotor induction generators used in wind farms. The combination of both tools allows tracking several variable frequency harmonics simultaneously and computing their energy with high accuracy, yielding magnitudes and values similar to those obtained by the application of the fast Fourier transform in stationary operation. The experimental results show the validity of the approach for rapid speed variations, independently of any speed sensor.
The advantages of laparoscopic assisted bipolar high-frequency surgery. (1993)

Monopolar and bipolar application techniques of high-frequency surgery are compared concerning safety regulations, functional and energetic aspects and aspects of application. The availability of newly developed bipolar and multipolar surgical instruments for cutting and coagulating without instrument change and at low high-frequency power opens up a new dimension in laparoscopic assisted electrosurgery. The well-known risks of using monopolar instruments in laparoscopy have been eliminated with the new instrumentation presented.
<em>Ex Vivo</em> Intestinal Sacs to Assess Mucosal Permeability in Models of Gastrointestinal Disease (2016)

The epithelial barrier is the first innate defense of the gastrointestinal tract and selectively regulates transport from the lumen to the underlying tissue compartments, restricting the transport of smaller molecules across the epithelium and almost completely prohibiting epithelial macromolecular transport. This selectivity is determined by the mucous gel layer, which limits the transport of lipophilic molecules and both the apical receptors and tight junctional protein complexes of the epithelium. In vitro cell culture models of the epithelium are convenient, but as a model, they lack the complexity of interactions between the microbiota, mucous-gel, epithelium and immune system. On the other hand, in vivo assessment of intestinal absorption or permeability may be performed, but these assays measure overall gastrointestinal absorption, with no indication of site specificity. Ex vivo permeability assays using "intestinal sacs" are a rapid and sensitive method of measuring either overall intestinal integrity or comparative transport of a specific molecule, with the added advantage of intestinal site specificity. Here we describe the preparation of intestinal sacs for permeability studies and the calculation of the apparent permeability (Papp) of a molecule across the intestinal barrier. This technique may be used as a method of assessing drug absorption, or to examine regional epithelial barrier dysfunction in animal models of gastrointestinal disease.
Measurement of Bundle Sizes of Martensite Structures and Facet Sizes of Brittle Fracture Surfaces by Applying a Technique of Texture Analysis (1985)

Bundle sizes of the martensite structures and facet sizes of brittle fracture surfaces were measured in quenched and tempered 80 kgf/mm2 steels by applying a technique of texture analysis. The cooccurrence matrix derived by HARALICK was useful to analyse degital images of the martensite structures and the brittle fracture surfaces.The contrast parameter which is one of the parameters derived from the cooccurrence matrix, was found to have good relationships with the bundle size of the martensite structure and the facet size of the brittle fracture surface. Therefore, a bundle size and a facet size can be quantitatively known by measuring contrast parameters of a martensite structure and a brittle fracture surface, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Ritter Reaction: Recent Catalytic Developments (2012)

Abstract Review: 33 refs.
The landscape of RNA polymerase II–associated chromatin interactions in prostate cancer (2020)

Transcriptional dysregulation is a hallmark of prostate cancer (PCa). We mapped the RNA polymerase II-associated (RNA Pol II-associated) chromatin interactions in normal prostate cells and PCa cells. We discovered thousands of enhancer-promoter, enhancer-enhancer, as well as promoter-promoter chromatin interactions. These transcriptional hubs operate within the framework set by structural proteins - CTCF and cohesins - and are regulated by the cooperative action of master transcription factors, such as the androgen receptor (AR) and FOXA1. By combining analyses from metastatic castration-resistant PCa (mCRPC) specimens, we show that AR locus amplification contributes to the transcriptional upregulation of the AR gene by increasing the total number of chromatin interaction modules comprising the AR gene and its distal enhancer. We deconvoluted the transcription control modules of several PCa genes, notably the biomarker KLK3, lineage-restricted genes (KRT8, KRT18, HOXB13, FOXA1, ZBTB16), the drug target EZH2, and the oncogene MYC. By integrating clinical PCa data, we defined a germline-somatic interplay between the PCa risk allele rs684232 and the somatically acquired TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusion in the transcriptional regulation of multiple target genes - VPS53, FAM57A, and GEMIN4. Our studies implicate changes in genome organization as a critical determinant of aberrant transcriptional regulation in PCa.
ChemInform Abstract: Conjugate Addition of Zincates Derived from Ketone α,β‐Dianions to Enones. An Access to Unsymmetrical 1,6‐Diketones. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
International comparison of bank fraud reimbursement: customer perceptions and contractual terms (2017)

The study presented in this article investigated to what extent bank customers understand the terms and conditions (T&Cs) they have signed up to. If many customers are not able to understand T&Cs and the behaviours they are expected to comply with, they risk not being compensated when their accounts are breached. An expert analysis of 30 bank contracts across 25 countries found that most contract terms were too vague for customers to infer required behaviour. In some cases the rules vary for different products, meaning the advice can be contradictory at worst. While many banks allow customers to write Personal identification numbers (PINs) down (as long as they are disguised and not kept with the card), 20% of banks categorically forbid writing PINs down, and a handful stipulate that the customer have a unique PIN for each account. We tested our findings in a survey with 151 participants in Germany, the USA and UK. They mostly agree: only 35% fully understand the T&Cs, and 28% find important sections are unclear. There are strong regional variations: Germans found their T&Cs particularly hard to understand, and USA bank customers assumed some of their behaviours contravened the T&Cs, but were reassured when they actually read them.
Micrometastases in the cervical lymph nodes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (2001)

Few studies have investigated the presence of lymph node micrometastases (MM) in the cervical region of patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer. The present study examines the presence of cervical MM and attempts to determine a way to predict the occurrence and site of such micrometastases. A total of 2203 cervical lymph nodes and 118 mediastinal recurrent nerve nodes obtained from 86 patients with esophageal carcinoma were examined immunohistochemically using cytokeratins. Cervical lymph nodes and mediastinal recurrent nerve nodes metastases were detected histologically in 33 and 41 of the 86 patients respectively. Cervical lymph node and mediastinal recurrent nerve node MM were immunohistochemically detected in 16 (18.6%) and 6 (7.0%) patients respectively. Of these 16 patients with cervical MM, seven were found to have lymph node metastases in different cervical regions, whereas cervical MM only were detected in nine patients. Among the former group of patients, five were diagnosed by ultrasound examination as having cervical lymph node metastases. Mediastinal recurrent nerve node metastases and MM correlated with the presence of cervical MM in all but one patient. Cervical lymph node metastasis, including micrometastasis, can be predicted by preoperative ultrasonography and the routine histologic examination of mediastinal recurrent nerve nodes.
Anti-inflammatory effects and improved metabolic derangements in ob/ob mice by a newly synthesized prenylated benzopyran with pan-PPAR activity (2022)

BP-2 emerges as a novel pan-PPAR lead candidate to normalize glycemia/triglyceridemia and minimize inflammation in metabolic disorders, likely preventing the development of further cardiovascular complications.
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of new heterocyclic compounds containing thieno[3,2-c]coumarin and pyrazolo[4,3-c]coumarin frameworks (2013)

Reaction of 4-chlorocoumarin-3-carbonitrile with ethyl thioglycolate and ethyl glycinate hydrochloride leads to a series of title products. Hydrazinolysis of amino thienocoumarin carboxylate afforded the hydrazine derivative which underwent various reactions to build new heterocyclic rings containing thienocoumarin moiety. Chloro acetylation of aminoester compound afforded the chloro acetyl amino which underwent nucleophilic substitution reactions various amines. The following treatment with formaldehyde under Mannich conditions afforded the corresponding imidazo derivatives. Reaction of Ghloroacetylamino with potassium thiocyanate yielded ethylpyrimidothieno coumarin sulfanylacetate which was used as a versatile precursor for synthesis of other heterocycles. On the other hand, reaction of chloro coumarin carbo nitrile with hydrazine gave the aminopyrazolocoumaine which reacted with bifunctionally compounds to give the substituted pyrimido derivatives. Diazotization and coupling of aminopyrazole with ethylcyanoacetate yielded ethylaminotriazinopyrazolocoumarine carboxylate. Several of the compounds obtained demonstrated considerable antifungal and antibacterial activity in the in vitro test systems.
Mass spectrometrically detected directly coupled high performance liquid chromatography/nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy/mass spectrometry for the identification of xenobiotic metabolites in maize plants (2000)

Reconstructed ion chromatograms have been used to identify relevant high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) peaks in a directly coupled high performance liquid chromatography/nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy/mass spectrometry (HPLC/NMR/MS) experiment. This has been applied to a study of the metabolism of a model compound, 5-nitropyridone (2-hydroxy-5-nitropyridine), in maize plants grown hydroponically. By monitoring the on-flow reconstructed ion chromatogram corresponding to the 5-nitropyridone fragment at m/z 143, and additional molecular ions corresponding to metabolites identified as products from similar compounds, relevant peaks were identified rapidly for subsequent stopped-flow 1H NMR spectroscopic analysis. The combination of coupled HPLC/NMR/MS enabled the direct identification of three metabolites, namely the N-glucoside, N-malonylglucoside, and O-malonylglucoside. This work demonstrates the power of HPLC/NMR/MS for the structural elucidation of xenobiotic metabolites in complex biological matrices (such as plant material) with minimal sample preparation. In particular, using mass spectrometry for the initial identification of relevant HPLC peaks allows the analysis of complex samples without the necessity for other spectroscopic markers, such as 19F NMR signal for fluorinated compounds or UV spectroscopy for molecules with strong UV chromophores.
Experimental and CFD investigation of fractal distributor on a novel plate and frame ion‐exchanger (2017)

Conventional pressure based flow distributors face challenges in the form of operational limits as their low outlet density and non-uniform flow distribution path, often act as bottleneck in the overall chemical equipment efficiency. Recently, a new distributor design inspired by the concept of fractal shows promising performance over a wide range of applications and operating conditions. The inherent scaling symmetry from such fractal distributors allows identical hydraulic flow path length to all outlets as well as much higher outlet density. In this study, we have designed a novel 12” by 12” plate and frame type ion-exchanger called “Fractal Pack” and tested it in pilot scale adopting fractal distributors with 256 outlets under operating flow rates ranging from 6.31x10-5 m3/s to 2.52x10-4m3/s. For comparison, ion-exchanger with 16 distributor outlets has also been assembled to mimic the performance of conventional pressure-based design. Both residence time distribution test and CFD investigations have been conducted. From CFD results, at highest flow rate, we found the overall pressure drop for ion-exchanger with 16 outlets is about 6 times larger than with fractal distributor and 78% of its pressure drop is caused by sudden expansion and contraction at 16 outlets. In addition, a key index, degree of heterogeneity which measures the percentage of maldistribution zones inside resin, has been defined to quantify flow distribution inside resin. The distributor equipped with 16 outlets shows 4 times more mal-distribution zones than 256 outlets at highest flow rate. This work demonstrates that fractal distributors can reliably provide superior performance over conventional distributors in a compact design framework; by introduction of symmetry, fractal distributors can aid process intensifications for many chemical processes that are plagued by heterogeneities and poor process efficiencies. The work also demonstrates how CFD can assist in avoiding ad-hoc design decision on dimensions and systematically explore the design space for optimum design decisions, using optimization criteria like coefficient of variation, degree of dispersion or heterogeneity.
Evidence for the formation of a photoactive tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ion pair (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEvidence for the formation of a photoactive tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ion pairTeresa Kennelly, Thomas C. Strekas, and Harry D. GafneyCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1986, 90, 21, 5338–5339Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100412a087https://doi.org/10.1021/j100412a087research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views68Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Systems Genetics Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Novel Associations Between Key Biological Processes and Coronary Artery Disease (2015)

These findings provide novel insights into how genetic variation, interpreted in the context of biological processes and functional interactions among genes, may help define the genetic architecture of CAD.
Spectroelectrochemical thin-layer cell for nonaqueous solvent systems (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpectroelectrochemical thin-layer cell for nonaqueous solvent systemsJosef. SalbeckCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 15, 2169–2173Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00063a043RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views341Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
An Architecture for Non Functional Properties Management in Distributed Computing (2008)

One of the primary benefits of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) [1] is the ability to compose applications, processes or more complex services from other services. As the complexity and sophistication of theses structures increases, so does the need for adaptability of each component. In recent years, a lot of effort has been put into improving the flexibility of these systems so that totally loose services can be integrated dynamically without imposing any architectural restrictions. This proposal presents a project to devise a novel model that aims at increasing the adaptability of the resources exposed through it by dynamically managing their non-functional requirements. To manage these non-functional properties, we aggregate the services required into what we define as a profile.
Noise analysis of real-life listening situations for maximal speech audibility in hearing aid fitting (1999)

This study attempts to prescribe hearing aid characteristics for one listening environment selected by an individual hearing aid user in order to provide better speech intelligibility than standard insertion gain prescriptions. The procedure is based on acoustic analyses of noise recorded by the user. The main purpose is to show the feasibility of the measurement and analysis procedure as a tool to investigate the consequences of the noise characteristics of everyday hearing aid use. The Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) is used as a criterion to optimize the insertion gain frequency response of the hearing aid. The results indicate that realistic background noise information is essential to achieve the best possible speech audibility. Maximizing the SII required higher insertion gain above 5000 Hz than assumed in conventional fitting procedures. Different insertion gain frequency responses are required for different listening conditions. The measurement procedure could identify acoustic listening conditions where hearing instruments would probably give no benefit.
Determination of Hot‐Fill‐Hold‐Cool Process Specifications for Crushed Tomatoes (1990)

ABSTRACT To establish continuous process specifications for hot‐fill‐hold‐cool of crushed tomatoes, heat resistance parameters (D and Z) were determined for Bacillus coagulans (ATCC 8038) for a temperature range from 85°C to 108°C at two pH levels: 4.3 and 4.5. A required Integrated Sterilizing Value “IS 110 ” of 1.56 min was calculated, given a value for D 110 of 0.46 min for a product with a pH of 4.5. By a study of the inoculation of cans and of the distribution of residence times, 2.56 min was derived as the treatment holding period necessary to achieve the required IS 110 value.
Constructive interference in steady state-3DFT MR imaging of the inner ear and cerebellopontine angle. (1993)

The CISS sequence allows detailed study of the normal and pathologic inner ear and promises to be highly valuable in the demonstration of the vascular loop.
Evaluation of Desirable Accuracy for Nuclear Data in Fast Reactors by Optimization Method (1977)

The desirable accuracy of nuclear data for minimizing the design margin in fast reactor nuclear designs is evaluated through an optimization method, in which a parameter termed the “degree of difficulty” has been introduced in order to represent the relative degree of difficulty expected to be encountered in improving the accuracy of the data. This parameter serves to determine the desirable accuracy, by which the design margin could be reduced the least onerously, to obviate uselessly severe requirements being imposed on the accuracy demanded of data with high sensitivity coefficients. Application of this method to the equilibrium core of a prototype fast reactor leads to the conclusion that nuclear data that should to best advantage be improved in accuracy are: Furthermore, it is indicated that the ratio between the desirable accuracy and the present uncertainty level of nuclear data is roughly inversely proportional to the square root of the product of the sensitivity coefficient and the present uncertainty level of nuclear data.
Facet-Dependent Electrical Conductivity Properties of Cu2O Crystals (2015)

It is interesting to examine facet-dependent electrical properties of single Cu2O crystals, because such study greatly advances our understanding of various facet effects exhibited by semiconductors. We show a Cu2O octahedron is highly conductive, a cube is moderately conductive, and a rhombic dodecahedron is nonconductive. The conductivity differences are ascribed to the presence of a thin surface layer having different degrees of band bending. When electrical connection was made on two different facets of a rhombicuboctahedron, a diode-like response was obtained, demonstrating the potential of using single polyhedral nanocrystals as functional electronic components. Density of state (DOS) plots for three layers of Cu2O (111), (100), and (110) planes show respective metallic, semimetal, and semiconducting band structures. By examining DOS plots for varying number of planes, the surface layer thicknesses responsible for the facet-dependent electrical properties of Cu2O crystals have been determined to be below 1.5 nm for these facets.