gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of sorption properties of carbon treated with low-temperature plasma (2007)

Plasma based technology for producing active carbon is proposed.
Viral Myocarditis—From Pathophysiology to Treatment (2021)

The diagnosis of acute and chronic myocarditis remains a challenge for clinicians. Characterization of this disease has been hampered by its diverse etiologies and heterogeneous clinical presentations. Most cases of myocarditis are caused by infectious agents. Despite successful research in the last few years, the pathophysiology of viral myocarditis and its sequelae leading to severe heart failure with a poor prognosis is not fully understood and represents a significant public health issue globally. Most likely, at a certain point, besides viral persistence, several etiological types merge into a common pathogenic autoimmune process leading to chronic inflammation and tissue remodeling, ultimately resulting in the clinical phenotype of dilated cardiomyopathy. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms is necessary to assess the prognosis of patients and is fundamental to appropriate specific and personalized therapeutic strategies. To reach this clinical prerequisite, there is the need for advanced diagnostic tools, including an endomyocardial biopsy and guidelines to optimize the management of this disease. The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has currently led to the worst pandemic in a century and has awakened a special sensitivity throughout the world to viral infections. This work aims to summarize the pathophysiology of viral myocarditis, advanced diagnostic methods and the current state of treatment options.
Snapshots of ADP-ribose bound to Getah virus macro domain reveal an intriguing choreography (2020)

Alphaviruses are (re-)emerging arboviruses of public health concern. The nsP3 gene product is one of the key players during viral replication. NsP3 comprises three domains: a macro domain, a zinc-binding domain and a hypervariable region. The macro domain is essential at both early and late stages of the replication cycle through ADP-ribose (ADPr) binding and de-ADP-ribosylation of host proteins. However, both its specific role and the precise molecular mechanism of de-ADP-ribosylation across specific viral families remains to be elucidated. Here we investigate by X-ray crystallography the mechanism of ADPr reactivity in the active site of Getah virus macro domain, which displays a peculiar substitution of one of the conserved residues in the catalytic loop. ADPr adopts distinct poses including a covalent bond between the C''1 of the ADPr and a conserved Togaviridae-specific cysteine. These different poses observed for ADPr may represent snapshots of the de-ADP-ribosylation mechanism, highlighting residues to be further characterised.
A 155K Acid Carboxypeptidase O fromAspergillus oryzae (1986)

When Aspergillus oryzae IAM 2640 was grown in liquid medium, a high molecular weight acid CPase was produced exclusively in the medium. The enzyme was purified and characterized. The purified enzyme was homogeneous by PAGE at pH 9.4, by isoelectric focusing, and by FPLC, and its molecular weight was 155K by gel filtration. When the 155K enzyme was electrophoresed in SDS–polyacrylamide gel, a single band with a molecular weight of 73K was obtained. The enzyme was inhibited by TPCK and PMSF but not IAA or PCMB. The Km and kcat values of the enzyme for Z-Glu-Tyr, angiotensin, and bradykinin at pH 3.7 and 30°C were 0.48mm, 86sec-1, 0.1 mm, 0.34sec-1, and 0.06mm, 14.7sec-1, respectively. The enzyme hydrolyzed proangiotensin and bradykinin sequentially at pH 3.7 from their C-terminus. The enzyme shared an antigen with low molecular weight A. oryzae acid CPase O-1.
Clinical management of antidepressant discontinuation. (1997)

To minimize the symptoms of antidepressant discontinuation, gradual tapering is necessary for all serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) except fluoxetine, which has an extended half-life. Agents with shorter half-lives such as venlafaxine, fluvoxamine, and paroxetine should be tapered gradually. Discontinuation symptoms, which frequently emerge after abrupt discontinuation or intermittent non-compliance and, less frequently, during dose reduction, are generally mild, short-lived, and self-limiting but can be distressing and may lead to missed work days and decreased productivity. The symptoms may be somatic (e.g., dizziness and light-headedness; nausea and vomiting; fatigue, lethargy, myalgia, chills, and other flu-like symptoms; sensory and sleep disturbances) or psychological (anxiety and/or agitation, crying spells, irritability). Mild symptoms can often be treated by simply reassuring the patient that they are usually transient, but for more severe symptoms, it may be necessary to reinstitute the dosage of the original antidepressant and slow the rate of taper. Symptoms of discontinuation may be mistaken for physical illness or relapse into depression; misdiagnosing the symptoms may lead to unnecessary, costly tests and treatment. Thus, health care professionals need to be educated about the potential adverse effects of SRI discontinuation.
Manganese Complex of a Rigidified 15-Membered Macrocycle: A Comprehensive Study (2020)

Owing to the increasing importance of manganese(II) complexes in the field of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), large efforts have been devoted to find an appropriate ligand for Mn(II) ion encapsulation by providing balance between the seemingly contradictory requirements (i.e., thermodynamic stability and kinetic inertness vs low ligand denticity enabling water molecule(s) to be coordinated in its metal center). Among these ligands, a large number of pyridine or pyridol based open-chain and macrocyclic chelators have been investigated so far. As a next step in the development of these chelators, 15-pyN<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Ph and its transition metal complexes were synthesized and characterized using established methods. The 15-pyN<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Ph ligand incorporates both pyridine and <i>ortho</i>-phenylene units to decrease ligand flexibility. The thermodynamic properties, protonation and stability constants, were determined using pH-potentiometry; the solid-state structures of two protonation states of the free ligand and its manganese complex were obtained by single crystal X-ray diffractometry. The results show a seven-coordinate metal center with two water molecules in the first coordination sphere. The longitudinal relaxivity of [Mn(15-pyN<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Ph)]<sup>2+</sup> was found to be 5.16 mM<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> at 0.49 T (298 K). Furthermore, the <i>r</i><sub>2p</sub> value of 11.72 mM<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> (0.49 T), which is doubled at 1.41 T field, suggests that design of this Mn(II) complex does achieve some characteristics required for contrast imaging. In addition, <sup>17</sup>O NMR measurements were performed in order to access the microscopic parameters governing this key feature (e.g., water exchange rate). Finally, manganese complexes of ligands with analogous polyaza macrocyclic scaffold have been investigated as low molecular weight Mn(CAT) mimics. Here, we report the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> disproportionation study of [Mn(15-pyN<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Ph)]<sup>2+</sup> to demonstrate the versatility of this ligand scaffold as well.
Vandetanib, an Inhibitor of VEGF Receptor-2 and EGF Receptor, Suppresses Tumor Development and Improves Prognosis of Liver Cancer in Mice (2012)

The antitumor effects of vandetanib in mice suggest that it is a potentially suitable and safe chemotherapeutic agent for HCCs.
Indocyanine Green Angiography in Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Occult Neovascularization (1998)

This study has been conducted to assess the sensitivity of indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) in detecting choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in patients with age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) with occult CNV at fluorescein angiography (FA) and to establish their eligibility for laser photocoagulation. Three hundred eighty-three eyes of 355 consecutive patients with occult CNV at FA were studied by ICGA; occult CNV with or without pigment epithelial detachment (PED) were detected as well. Eligibility for laser treatment was established on the basis of the ICGA-guided CNV extension and localization. Out of 157 eyes (41%) with occult CNV and PED, 74 (47.1%) showed focal ICGA CNV, 35 eyes (22.3%) had plaque CNV. Thirty-five eyes with PED (22.3%) appeared serous without CNV, and in 13 eyes (8.3%) no CNV was detectable because of large hemorrhages. Out of the 226 eyes (59%) presenting occult CNV without PED, 94 eyes (41.6%) had plaque CNV, and 58 (25.7%) had focal CNV. In 74 eyes (32.7%), there was no detectable CNV or only an ill-defined ICGA appearance. ARMD with PED is closely associated with focal CNV, while plaque CNV is largely found in exudative ARMD without PED (p < 0.001). Considering all the cases examined by ICGA, CNV was evident in 261 eyes (68%) occult at FA. Extrafoveal CNV laser treatment was recommended for 103 eyes (27%). Our results suggest that ICGA may be useful in the diagnosis and management of ARMD with occult CNV at FA increasing the number of patients eligible for laser treatment.
Detecting the B-mode Polarisation of the CMB with Clover (2008)

We describe the objectives, design and predicted performance of Cℓover, which is a ground-based experiment to measure the faint “B-mode” polarisation pattern in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). To achieve this goal, Cℓover will make polarimetric observations of approximately 1000 deg2 of the sky in spectral bands centred on 97, 150 and 225 GHz. The observations will be made with a two-mirror compact range antenna fed by profiled corrugated horns. The telescope beam sizes for each band are 7.5, 5.5 and 5.5 arcmin, respectively. The polarisation of the sky will be measured with a rotating half-wave plate and stationary analyser, which will be an orthomode transducer. The sky coverage combined with the angular resolution will allow us to measure the angular power spectra between 20 &amp;lt; ℓ &amp;lt; 1000. Each frequency band will employ 192 single polarisation, photon noise limited TES bolometers cooled to 100 mK. The background-limited sensitivity of these detector arrays will allow us to constrain the tensor-to-scalar ratio to 0.026 at 3σ, assuming any polarised foreground&#13;\nsignals can be subtracted with minimal degradation to the 150 GHz sensitivity. Systematic errors will be mitigated by modulating the polarisation of the sky signals with the rotating half-wave plate, fast azimuth scans and periodic telescope rotations about its boresight. The three spectral bands will be divided into two separate but nearly identical instruments — one for 97 GHz and another for 150 and 225 GHz. The two instruments will be sited on identical three-axis mounts in the Atacama Desert in Chile near Pampa la Bola. Observations are expected to begin in late 2009.
Most likely heteroscedastic Gaussian process regression (2007)

This paper presents a novel Gaussian process (GP) approach to regression with input-dependent noise rates. We follow Goldberg et al.'s approach and model the noise variance using a second GP in addition to the GP governing the noise-free output value. In contrast to Goldberg et al., however, we do not use a Markov chain Monte Carlo method to approximate the posterior noise variance but a most likely noise approach. The resulting model is easy to implement and can directly be used in combination with various existing extensions of the standard GPs such as sparse approximations. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and real-world data, including a challenging perception problem in robotics, show the effectiveness of most likely heteroscedastic GP regression.
Urban Community Information System: To Pervade Information Faucets in Metropolitan Areas (2000)

This paper proposes the new architecture of information delivering system that can support a life and an activity of people at the area crowded with many visitors, residents and office workers in metropolitan areas and addresses simple infrared broadcasting protocol IrBRC and IrUCIS. Proposed architecture has two-hierarchical-server structure to reduce loads that are concentrating on server when there has many accesses at the same time. Consistency against frequent update of information on hierarchical severs is kept by managing their version. Classifying distributed information into two groups such as "content to show" and "content to go" makes it possible for receiver to carry retrieved information with his/her mobile terminal, and that creates information distributing flows from creator to receiver. Implemented simple infrared broadcasting clears congestion issue caused by many receivers' multiple accesses for retrieving.
Verifiable Random Permutations. (2006)

Pseudorandom Functions (PRFs), introduced by Goldreich, Goldwasser and Micali [9], allow one to e#ciently simulate the computation of a function which is indistinguishable from a truly random function. A seemingly stronger primitive is that of a (strong) pseudorandom permutation (PRP) [13], which allows one to e#ciently simulate a truly random permutation (and its inverse). The celebrated result of Luby and Racko# [13] shows that these primitives are, in fact, equivalent: four rounds of the Feistel transform are necessary and su#cient to turn a PRF into a (strong) PRP.
A study on determing the composition of copper-zinc alloy deposits by anodic chronoamperometry. (1989)

The deposition of copper-zinc alloy (brass) on platinum substrates from pyrophosphate electroplating baths was investigated by potentiostatic electrolysis with respect to the effect of electrode potential on the properties of the alloy deposit. The electrodeposits were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction analysis and for their metal element contents by anodic chronoamperometry. It was found that the quantity of electricity obtained by means of anodic chronoamperometry permitted evaluation of the content of metallic copper and zinc in the alloy deposit, since both dissolved as divalent ions in ammonium nitrate solution. In sodium cyanide solution, however, copper and zinc behaved as monovalent and divalent ions, respectively. Both zinc oxide and zinc hydroxide were always included in alloy deposit obtained at potentials more noble than -1.25V (Ag/AgCl sat. KCl) and were never found at a potential of -1.25V, but at potentials less noble than -1.25V they were included in the alloy deposits again when the deposition current and hydrogen evolution current increased.
Dood water zorgt voor problemen (interview met o.a. Wim Voogt) (2007)

Als voedingswater zuurstofarm ofwel 'dood' is, worden anaerobe micro-organismen zeer actief. Dat kan leiden tot slijmvorming, vervuiling van het druppelsysteem en de vorming van voor de plant giftige omzettingsproducten. Dit lijkt op te lossen door zuurstofrijk druppelwater te geven en het systeem regelmatig door te spoelen
Magnetometers based on (double) relaxation oscillation SQUIDs (1994)

PROS) combine the sensitivity of dc-SQUIDS with a large transfer, thus enabling flux locked loop operation with direct voltage readout by a room-temperature dc-amplifier, without flux modulation techniques. We fabricated several ROSs and DROSs with relaxation frequencies fiom 5 to 180 MHz. The experimental flux-to-frequency curves of the ROSs can well be fitted with theory, and the transfer (up to 170 MHz/Oo) is large enough for practical use in a FLL without flux modulation. The experimental flux-to-voltage characteristics of the DROSs show very large transfer values of typically 10 to 30 mV/Oo. A DROS operated in a simple FLL with direct voltage readout showed a white noise level of about 2 pQo/dHz. A three channel DROS magnetometer system for biomagnetic measurements is under construction. In the DROSs that are to be used in this system, the signal flux is coupled to the SQUID by a tightly coupled 50-turn input coil. 1.
Effects of Calcium â-Hydroxy-â-methylbutyrate (HMB) Supplementation During Resistance-Training on Markers of Catabolism, Body Composition and Strength (1999)

Calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation has been reported to reduce muscle catabolism and promote gains in fat-free mass and strength in subjects initiating training. However, whether HMB supplementation promotes these adaptations in trained athletes is less clear. This study examined the effects of HMB (as the calcium salt) supplementation during resistance training (6.9+/-0.7 hr x wk(-1)) on markers of catabolism, body composition and strength in experienced resistance-trained males. In a double-blind and randomized manner, 40 experienced resistance-trained athletes were matched and assigned to supplement their diet for 28 d with a fortified carbohydrate/protein powder containing either 0, 3 or 6 g x d(-1) of calcium HMB. Fasting venous blood and urine samples, dual energy X-ray absorptiometer-determined body composition, and isotonic bench press and leg press one repetition maximums (1 RM) were determined prior to and following 28 d of supplementation. HMB supplementation resulted in significant increases in serum and urinary HMB concentrations. However, no statistically significant differences were observed in general markers of whole body anabolic/catabolic status, muscle and liver enzyme efflux, fat/bone-free mass, fat mass, percent body fat, or 1 RM strength. Results indicate that 28 d of HMB supplementation (3 to 6 g x d(-1)) during resistance-training does not reduce catabolism or affect training-induced changes in body composition and strength in experienced resistance-trained males.
Chemical sensors for in vivo monitoring (1993)

European scientists have worked together for four years in a concerted effort to overcome the problems associated with operating chemical sensors inside the body. The rewards for successfully imitating the homeostatic mechanisms which monitor and control the chemical composition and reactions within our bodies are enormous, but the complexity of the task has engaged the efforts of 30 European laboratories covering a wide range of disciplines
Defining the IBC Phenotype (2008)

Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is an aggressive and lethal form of breast cancer. It is also an entity for which no consensus exists regarding its clinical definition. The current nomenclature is considered a misnomer since its clinical presentation is not caused by inflammatory components but mainly by lymphatic obstruction.
FGF15 promotes neurogenesis and opposes FGF8 function during neocortical development (2008)

FGF15 and FGF8 have distinct signaling properties, and opposite effects on neocortical patterning and differentiation; FGF15 promotes CoupTF1 expression, represses proliferation and promotes neural differentiation.
Single packet authorization with fwknop (2006)

One year ago, in the December 2004 issue of ;login:, in the aticle entitled Combining Port Knocking and Passive OS Fingerprinting with Fwknop, I described a technique for combining passive of OS fingerprinting with a method of authorization called Port knocking . Since that time I have implemented a new method of securing IP-based communications called Simgle Packet Authorization (SPAM) [1], wich draws on some on the strengths of port knocking and fixes some of this weaknesses. Feknop retains the ability to generate encrypted port knock sequences and incorporate additional criteria on the OS required to honor that sequences, but the default authorization method have been switched to SPA due to the benefits this strategy has over traditional port knocking. 
This article discusses Single Packet Autorization as implement by fwknop, suggest why you would want to use it, and provides an example of using fwknop to provide an additional layer of security for OpenSSH. Fwknop is free software released under the GNU Public License (GPL) and can be downloaded from htt://www.cipherdyne.org/projects/fwknop/.
Design Optimization of Strongly Interacting Diffuser Pump Stage (2011)

In this paper the flow field in a diffuser pump stage consisting of a centrifugal impeller and a radial diffuser is investigated by using unsteady computations. The time-averaged unsteady results are used to understand the main sources of loss in the stage. Then 3D inverse design method used to redesign the impeller and diffuser blades in order to improve the stage efficiency.
A low-cost Arduino-based datalogger with cellular modem and FTP communication for irrigation water use monitoring to enable access to CropManage (2019)

The Resource Conservation District of Santa Cruz County implemented a project to improve irrigation management through providing field assistance to growers. A web-based decision support tool called CropManage (https://v3.cropmanage.ucanr.edu) developed by the University of California Cooperative Extension (UCCE) of Monterey County aids growers with irrigation scheduling. However, CropManage requires a flowmeter and a monitoring station to track water use in the field. In this article, we describe a device that was conceived as a low-cost alternative to Campbell Scientific flowmeter-monitoring stations that include data logger, modem, enclosure, battery, solar panel and charge regulator and cost above $2000. The device was designed for low-cost, ease of construction and with the capability of emulating the Campbell Scientific equipment functions and outputs. The devices were enabled with FTP communication to a central FTP server and were built with an Arduino MEGA, an Adafruit Datalogging Shield and an Adafruit FONA cellular modem. A voltage divider was added to monitor the external 12 V battery voltage and a DC/DC converter was used to convert 12 V to 5 V. Each field station, including the device, battery, enclosure and solar panel has a total cost below $300, while the FTP server costs less than $100. The device was tested for two years in filed conditions and gave output equivalent to the Campbell Scientific equipment. The device is a low-cost technology that enables growers to gain access to CropManage cheaply and reliably.
Careful histological confirmation and microdissection reveal telomerase activity in otherwise telomerase-negative breast cancers. (1998)

Studies of invasive breast cancers consistently identify a subset of tumors without telomerase activity, compromising its utility as a tumor marker. Telomerase-negative tumors may represent a biologically different subset, or the result could be attributed to assay imperfections. To resolve this issue, we tested 105 invasive breast cancers for telomerase activity and found that 23 (22%) tumors were telomerase negative. Careful histological confirmation of an adjacent cryosection and/or microdissection of pure tumor cells reduced this number to 5 (5%). Thus, truly telomerase-negative invasive breast cancers are rare, making this enzyme a potentially very useful tumor marker in breast cancer.