gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Look to THz Wireless Links: Fading Modeling and Capacity Assessment (2021)

This work investigates the suitability of α–µ distribution to model line-of-sight (LoS) and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) multi-path fading in terahertz (THz) wireless systems. The goodness of fit of α–µ to the small-scale fading of the measured channels is evaluated in terms of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test. The KS test revealed the capability of α–µ distribution to capture the fading characteristics of THz wireless channels. To highlight the importance of this study and the applicability to the theoretical analysis of THz wireless systems, for indicative values of α and µ, the ergodic capacity of THz wireless systems is assessed.
PROMIS Versus Legacy Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Patients Undergoing Surgical Treatment for Symptomatic Acetabular Dysplasia (2020)

We found good agreement between PROMIS and legacy scores preoperatively and postoperatively. PROMIS scores were largely normally distributed, demonstrating an expanded ability to capture variability in patients with improved outcomes after treatment.
Logical structure analysis of book document images using contents information (2002)

Numerous studies have so far been carried out extensively for the analysis of document image structure, with particular emphasis placed on media conversion and layout analysis. For the conversion of a collection of books in a library into the form of hypertext documents, a logical structure extraction technology is indispensable, in addition to document layout analysis. The table of contents of a book generally involves very concise and faithful information to represent the logical structure of the entire book. That is to say, we can efficiently analyze the logical structure of a book by making full use of its contents pages. This paper proposes a new approach for document logical structure analysis to convert document images and contents information into an electronic document. First, the contents pages of a book are analyzed to acquire the overall document logical structure. Thereafter, we are able to use this information to acquire the logical structure of all the pages of the book by analyzing consecutive pages of a portion of the book. Test results demonstrate very high discrimination rates: up to 97.6% for the headline structure, 99.4% for the text structure, 97.8% for the page-number structure and almost 100% for the head-foot structure.
Modeling and Energy Efficiency Analysis of the Steelmaking Process in an Electric Arc Furnace (2022)

Abstract This paper presents a comprehensive model of an industrial electric arc furnace (EAF) that is based upon several rigorous first-principles submodels of the heat exchange in the EAF and practical experience from an industrial melt shop. The model is suited for process simulation, optimization, and control applications. It assumes that the energy demand of the process is satisfied by six sources, the electric arc, the oxy-fuel burners, the oxygen lances, the combustion of coal, and the oxidation of metal in the liquid and in the solid phase. The energy exchange between the liquid and the solid phase due to liquid metal splashing is also considered. The different mechanisms of heat exchange are represented in the model as follows: (a) the radiative heat exchange from the arc to the other phases is computed using the DC circuit analogy, where the view factors are calculated using exact formulae and Monte-Carlo algorithms. (b) The energy input from the oxy-fuel burner is modeled using simplified geometries for which heat transfer relationships are known. (c) The amount of heat released by the oxidation of solid metal is described by the quadratic corrosion formula. (d) The energy exchange from the bath to the solid phase due to splashing is modeled using relationships and experimental data that are available in the literature. The model contains the melting rates and the efficiency of the oxygen lancing as free parameters; their values were computed by a least squares fit to process data of an industrial Ultra-High-Power EAF. In comparison with existing EAF models, the model presented here describes the dynamic behavior of the melting process more realistically. Based on the model, time-dependent energy efficiency curves for the various contributions and for the overall process are computed and discussed.
Electronic health records: Use, barriers and satisfaction among physicians who care for black and Hispanic patients (2008)

In a state with a diverse minority population, we found no evidence that minority-serving providers had lower EHR adoption rates, faced different barriers to adoption or were less satisfied with EHRs. Given the importance of ensuring that minority-serving providers have equal access to EHR systems, we failed to find evidence of a new digital divide.
Low energy ion assisted control of interfacial structure: Ion fluence effects (2000)

Multilayered thin films consisting of high electrical conductivity copper layers sandwiched between pairs of low coercivity ferromagnetic alloys can exhibit giant magnetoresistance. The magnitude of the magnetoresistance increases with the structural and chemical perfection of the interfaces. Recent atomistic modeling and experimental observations have shown that nickel and cobalt atoms in the ferromagnetic layer readily exchange with underlying copper atoms during the deposition of the ferromagnetic layer upon the copper spacer. This results in mixing at the ferromagnetic metal on copper interface. Low energy (1–20 eV) inert gas ions can be used during deposition to flatten the surface of layers, in some cases without causing interlayer mixing. Here we use the molecular dynamics simulation method to investigate the effects of the assisting ion fluence upon the surface roughness and interlayer mixing of a model Ni/Cu/Ni multilayer system. The results reveal that the surface roughness initially drops rapidly with ion fluence and then approaches a limiting roughness that is dependent upon the surface type, the ion energy, and the ion mass. For a Cu on Ni surface irradiated by 2.0 eV Xe+ ions, the flattening transition occurs at a fluence of about 0.2 ions/Å2 (corresponding to an ion to metal deposition flux ratio of about 5). The same transition was seen at a similar fluence for a Ni on Cu surface, but at a higher Xe+ ion energy of 14.0 eV. Threshold energies for flattening and mixing were identified for various surfaces. The probabilities of both flattening and mixing were found to increase with ion fluence and ion energy. Because the threshold energy for mixing was lower than that for smoothing, significant interfacial mixing was only seen during ion assisted flattening of the Ni on Cu interface. Simple models have been developed to establish the functional dependence of interfacial structural parameters upon the assisting ion fluence.
Community acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A Wisconsin perspective. (2006)

Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus have swept across the United States, causing severe morbidity and mortality (see Table 1). This manuscript provides some illustrative cases seen in Wisconsin.
Calnuc, an EF-Hand Ca2+-Binding Protein, Is Stored and Processed in the Golgi and Secreted by the Constitutive-Like Pathway in AtT20 Cells (2002)

Calnuc is an ubiquitous, EF-hand Ca(2+) binding protein found in the cytoplasm where it binds to Galphai3, in the Golgi lumen where it constitutes a Ca(2+) storage pool, and secreted outside the cell. Here we investigated the pathway of secretion of calnuc in AtT20 cells. We found by pulse-chase experiments that calnuc is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum, transported to the Golgi where it remains greater than 12 h and undergoes posttranslational modification (O-glycosylation and sulfation) followed by secretion into the culture medium. We examined if calnuc is secreted by the constitutive or regulated secretory pathway in AtT20 cells. By immunofluorescence and immunogold labeling, endogenous calnuc is found in immature secretion granules (ISG) but not mature regulated secretory granules (RSG), whereas overexpressed calnuc-green fluorescent protein (GFP) is found in both ISG and RSG, where it colocalizes with ACTH. Neither calnuc nor calnuc-GFP are released by the regulated secretory pathway, suggesting that endogenous calnuc and calnuc-GFP are progressively removed from ISG and RSG during granule maturation. We conclude that calnuc is secreted via the constitutive-like pathway and represents a useful endogenous marker for this pathway in AtT20 cells. Together, these observations indicate that calnuc has a unique itinerary as it is retained in the Golgi and is then constitutively secreted extracellularly where it may influence cell behavior via its Ca(2+)-binding properties.
Inferring higher level policies from firewall rules (2007)

Packet filtering firewall is one of the most important mechanisms used by corporations to enforce their security policy. Recent years have seen a lot of research in the area of firewall management. Typically, firewalls use a large number of low-level filtering rules which are configured using vendor-specific tools. System administrators start off by writing rules which implement the security policy of the organization. They add/delete/change order of rules as the requirements change. For example, when a new machine is added to the network, new rules might be added to the firewall to enable certain services to/from that machine. Making such changes to the low-level rules is complicated by the fact that the effect of a rule is dependent on its priority (usually determined by the position of the rule in the rule set). As the size and complexity of a rule set increases, it becomes difficult to understand the impact of a rule on the rule set. This makes management of rule sets more error prone. This is a very serious problem as errors in firewall configuration mean that the desired security policy is not enforced. Previous research in this area has focused on either building tools that generate low-level firewall rules from a given security policy or finding anomalies in the rules, i.e., verifying that the rules implement the given security policy correctly. We propose a technique that aims to infer the high-level security policy from low-level representation. The first step in our approach is that of generating flattened rules, i.e., rules without priorities, which are equivalent to the given firewall rule set. Removal of priorities from a rule set enables us to merge a number of rules that have a similar effect. Our rule merging algorithm reduces the size and complexity of the rule set significantly by grouping the services, hosts, and protocols present in these rules into various (possibly overlapping) classes. We have built a prototype implementation 1 of our approach for iptables firewall rules. Our preliminary experiments indicate that the technique infers security policy that is at a sufficiently high level of abstraction to make it understandable and debuggable.
MEMS Microvalve for Harsh Environment (2003)

There is a need for small valves which control flow at high temperature and pressure for a number of commercial and military applications. However, traditional solenoid actuated valves are typically expensive, heavy and subject to undesirable electrical and mechanical failure modes. Micromachining techniques, commonly used in the electronics industry, are finding more and more applications for Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS). Most of the previous work in the area of MEMS valves has been limited to low pressure/low temperature flows at ambient conditions. In this presentation, the development and testing of a two stage MEMS diaphragm valve that is capable of operating at high temperature and pressure gas flows is presented. Valve requirements, tolerances and thermal management are considered in the design. Valve fabrication processes, such as Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) and laser ablation, are discussed in detail. Issues related to the actuation of the microvalve are also discussed, including two approaches based on shape memory alloy and piezoelectric materials. Modeling and test results are presented throughout to identify successes and lessons learned.
A Gigabit/s Indoor Wireless Transmission Using MIMO-OFDM Visible-Light Communications (2012)

This letter reports an experimental demonstration of indoor wireless visible-light communication transmission at 1 Gb/s. The system consists of a four-channel multiple-input multiple-output link that uses white LED sources, each transmitting signals at 250 Mb/s using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation. A nine-channel imaging diversity receiver is used to detect the signals, and an average bit error rate of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> is achieved at the room illumination level of ~1000 lux at 1-m range.
EXPERIMENTAL TUBERCULOSIS AND ITS CHEMOTHERAPY (1950)

In the past few years about one thousand compounds, falling into eleven series, were examined by us for tuberculostatic activity. Twenty-four of them were tested in vivo in the mouse and guinea-pig, but none affected the course of the disease. Compounds of known activity were included in the tests and the effects of combinations of these drugs were also investigated.
Surgical Excision of Interdigital Pouch and Cyst in Sheep (2013)

The present study was carried out on a total number of six adult Saedi sheep and 16 thoracic and pelvic limbs of mature saedi sheep of both sexes collected from the slaughter house. In addition, two cases of interdigital cysts were reported in Rahmany sheep.
Early Bactericidal Activity Trial of Nitazoxanide for Pulmonary Tuberculosis (2020)

This study was conducted in treatment-naive adults with drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, to assess the safety, bactericidal activity, and pharmacokinetics of nitazoxanide (NTZ). This was a prospective phase II clinical trial in 30 adults with pulmonary tuberculosis. Twenty participants received 1 g of NTZ orally twice daily for 14 days. A control group of 10 participants received standard therapy over 14 days. The primary outcome was the change in time to culture positivity (TTP) in an automated liquid culture system. The most common adverse events seen in the NTZ group were gastrointestinal complaints and headache. The mean change in TTP in sputum over 14 days in the NTZ group was 3.2 h ± 22.6 h and was not statistically significant (<i>P</i> = 0.56). The mean change in TTP in the standard therapy group was significantly increased, at 134 h ± 45.2 h (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). The mean NTZ MIC for <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> isolates was 12.3 μg/ml; the mean NTZ maximum concentration (<i>C</i><sub>max</sub>) in plasma was 10.2 μg/ml. Negligible NTZ levels were measured in sputum. At the doses used, NTZ did not show bactericidal activity against <i>M. tuberculosis</i> Plasma concentrations of NTZ were below the MIC, and its negligible accumulation in pulmonary sites may explain the lack of bactericidal activity. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT02684240.).
Aberrant expression of minichromosome maintenance protein-2 and Ki67 in laryngeal squamous epithelial lesions (2003)

Histological classification of laryngeal epithelial lesions is highly subjective, and methods of cytological detection are not well developed. Improved determination of aberrant cell cycle entry may allow increased objectivity in histological assessment and enable the development of less invasive diagnostic cytology tests. Sections of normal larynx (n=10), laryngeal dysplasia (n=20) and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (n=10) were classified according to the Ljubljana classification and stained for markers of cell cycle entry, minichromosome maintenance protein-2 (Mcm-2) and Ki67. Expression patterns were compared using double labelling confocal microscopy. There was a correlation between Mcm-2 and Ki67 labelling indices (rho=0.93; 95% CI [0.84, 0.97]) and both markers showed increased expression from normal epithelium to SCC (Mcm-2, P=0.001; Ki67, P=0.0002). Importantly, there was minimal expression of Mcm-2 or Ki67 in the most superficial layers of normal larynx and abnormal or atypical hyperplasia, in contrast to carcinoma in situ and SCC. Clusters of Mcm-2/5-positive cells were present in cytological preparations from SCC, but not from those showing atypical hyperplasia or inflammation in non-neoplastic tissue. Minichromosome maintenance protein-2 staining may increase the objectivity and reliability of histological grading of laryngeal epithelial lesions. Laryngeal brushings, combined with immuno-enhanced liquid-based cytology, could be useful, as a less invasive approach, to the detection of laryngeal malignant and premalignant lesions.
Feature Hiding in 3D Human Body Scans (2006)

In this paper, we explore a privacy algorithm that detects human private parts in a 3D scan data set. The analogia graph is introduced to study the proportion of structures. The intrinsic human proportions are applied to reduce the search space in an order of magnitude. A feature shape template is constructed to match the model data points using Radial Basis Functions in a non-linear regression and the relative measurements of the height and area factors. The method is tested on 100 data sets from CAESAR database. Two surface rendering methods are studied for data privacy: blurring and transparency. It is found that test subjects normally prefer to have the most possible privacy in both rendering methods. However, the subjects adjusted their privacy measurement to a certain degree as they were informed of the context of security.
Cofilin Phosphorylation by Protein Kinase Testicular Protein Kinase 1 and Its Role in Integrin-mediated Actin Reorganization and Focal Adhesion Formation (2001)

Testicular protein kinase 1 (TESK1) is a serine/threonine kinase with a structure composed of a kinase domain related to those of LIM-kinases and a unique C-terminal proline-rich domain. Like LIM-kinases, TESK1 phosphorylated cofilin specifically at Ser-3, both in vitro and in vivo. When expressed in HeLa cells, TESK1 stimulated the formation of actin stress fibers and focal adhesions. In contrast to LIM-kinases, the kinase activity of TESK1 was not enhanced by Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) or p21-activated kinase, indicating that TESK1 is not their downstream effector. Both the kinase activity of TESK1 and the level of cofilin phosphorylation increased by plating cells on fibronectin. Y-27632, a specific inhibitor of ROCK, inhibited LIM-kinase-induced cofilin phosphorylation but did not affect fibronectin-induced or TESK1-induced cofilin phosphorylation in HeLa cells. Expression of a kinase-negative TESK1 suppressed cofilin phosphorylation and formation of stress fibers and focal adhesions induced in cells plated on fibronectin. These results suggest that TESK1 functions downstream of integrins and plays a key role in integrin-mediated actin reorganization, presumably through phosphorylating and inactivating cofilin. We propose that TESK1 and LIM-kinases commonly phosphorylate cofilin but are regulated in different ways and play distinct roles in actin reorganization in living cells.
Shape Features of the Lesion Habitat to Differentiate Brain Tumor Progression from Pseudoprogression on Routine Multiparametric MRI: A Multisite Study (2018)

Our preliminary results suggest that 3D shape attributes from the lesion habitat can differentially express across pseudoprogression and tumor progression and could be used to distinguish these radiographically similar pathologies.
Gesunde erhöhen unter Fischgeruch die Herzfrequenz nur schwach und nur einen Variabilitätsparameter (2022)

Olfactory evoked changes in HR should be further investigated as an indicator of the integrity of olfactory function. The most promising and time- and cost-effective is probably an 1-minute irritation with the unpleasant fishy smell from the identification set of the Sniffin' Sticks during the ECG recording.
SPEECH CODING ALGORITHMS: LPC10, ADPCM, CELP AND VSELP (2008)

The past decade has witnessed substantial progress towards the application of low-rate speech coders to civilian and military communications as well as computer- related voice applications. Central to this progress has been the development of new speech coders capable of producing high- quality speech at low data rates. Most of these coders incorporate mechanisms to: represent the spectral properties of speech, provide for speech waveform matching, and optimize the coder's performance for the human ear. A number of these coders have already been adopted in national and international cellular telephony standards. In mobile communication systems, service providers are continuously met with the challenge of accommodating more users within a limited allocated bandwidth. For this reason, manufactures and service providers are continuously in search of low bit-rate speech coders that deliver tollquality speech. The objective of this project is to compare three commonly used algorithms in wireless communication systems: ADPCM, CELP and VSELP. The project report starts with the description of these speech coders. Then we present our implementation results and finally give concluding remarks followed by comments on future research in this area.
Modification of Near Active Site Residues in Organophosphorus Hydrolase Reduces Metal Stoichiometry and Alters Substrate Specificity (1999)

Organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH, EC 8.1.3.1) is a dimeric, bacterial enzyme that detoxifies many organophosphorus neurotoxins by hydrolyzing a variety of phosphonate bonds. The histidinyl residues at amino acid positions 254 and 257 are located near the bimetallic active site present in each monomer. It has been proposed that these residues influence catalysis by interacting with active site residues and the substrate in the binding pocket. We replaced the histidine at position 254 with arginine (H254R) and the one at position 257 with leucine (H257L) independently to form the single-site-modified enzymes. The double modification was also constructed to incorporate both changes (H254R/H257L). Although native OPH has two metals at each active site (four per dimer), all three of these altered enzymes possessed only two metals per dimer while retaining considerable enzymatic activity for the preferred phosphotriester (P-O bond) substrate, paraoxon (5-100% kcat). The three altered enzymes achieved a 2-30-fold increase in substrate specificity (kcat/Km) for demeton S (P-S bond), an analogue for the chemical warfare agent VX. In contrast, the substrate specificity for diisopropyl fluorophosphonate (P-F bond) was substantially decreased for each of these enzymes. In addition, H257L and H254R/H257L showed an 11- and 18-fold increase, respectively, in specificity for NPPMP, the analogue for the chemical warfare agent soman. These results demonstrate the ability to significantly enhance the specificity of OPH for various substrates by site-specific modifications, and it is suggested that changes in metal requirements may affect these improved catalytic characteristics by enhancing structural flexibility and improving access of larger substrates to the active site, while simultaneously decreasing the catalytic efficiency for smaller substrates.