gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction in human sperm: dependency on activation of pertussis toxin-sensitive Gi protein and extracellular calcium, and priming effect of progesterone and follicular fluid (2002)

In these studies, we aimed to characterize the effects of the physiological, homologous agonists of the acrosome reaction, i.e. the zona pellucida (ZP) and progesterone/follicular fluid, on human sperm. The specific aims of our studies were: (i) to examine the dependency of the solubilized ZP-induced acrosome reaction on G(i) protein activation and presence of extracellular calcium; and (ii) to determine whether progesterone/follicular fluid exert a priming or synergist effect on the solubilized ZP-induced acrosome reaction. Highly motile sperm from fertile donors were exposed to the agonists in a microassay and the acrosomal status of live sperm was determined by indirect immunofluorescence using PSA-FITC/Hoechst double-staining. Pretreatment with pertussis-toxin (100 ng/ml) and EGTA (2.5 mmol/l) significantly inhibited the ZP-induced acrosome reaction without affecting the spontaneous rate of exocytosis. Progesterone (1.25 microg/ml) and human follicular fluid (10%) exerted a priming, time-dependent effect on the ZP-induced acrosome reaction. These studies demonstrated that: (i) acrosomal exocytosis of capacitated human sperm triggered by the homologous ZP is dependent on the activation of G(i) proteins (pertussis toxin-sensitive) and the presence of extracellular calcium; and (ii) progesterone and follicular fluid exert a priming effect on the ZP-induced acrosome reaction.
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF LIQUID ALKALI METALS (2001)

The internal energy, entropy and Helmholtz free energy of liquid alkali metals, viz. Na, K, Rb and Cs are investigated using pseudopotential perturbation scheme based on Gibbs-Bogoliubov variational technique. A local pseudopotential is applied to describe the electron-ion interaction in the liquid alkali metals. To introduce the exchange and correlation effects, the local field correction function proposed by Taylor is employed. The computed values for internal energy, entropy and Helmholtz free energy for the liquid alkali metals are in excellent agreement with the experimental data.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkenylzirconocene‐Mediated Preparation of Alkenylphosphines. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Clinical and molecular aspects of retinoid therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia (1997)

As a single agent, all-trans RA produces a higher rate of complete remission in APL than any other drug in any other neoplastic disease. The molecular findings in this illness have been exploited to develop a means of detecting and eradicating minimal residual disease. Compared with other forms of acute myeloid leukemia, this subtype is now associated with the highest proportion of patients in extended disease-free first remission who are presumably cured of their disease. APL is a prototype for understanding the pathogenesis of a malignant disease and the development of novel therapies that are targeted to specific molecular abnormalities.
The Antifungal Activity of a Coal Tar Gel on <i>Malassezia furfur</i> in vitro (1995)

It is suggested that the effect of coal tar gel ointment in dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis therapy in vivo may be at least partly due to an antifungal activity of the coal tar but also of the gel base.
In vitro studies on regeneration and transformation of some pomegranate genotypes (2014)

The present study aimed to develop an in vitro regeneration of plantlets of four commercial pomegranate genotypes (Manfalouty, Tahrir, Badr and Araby) grown in Egypt. Shoot tips were selected and separated from 7-year-old mother plants as explants. The MS media supplemented with different dosage of growth substances were examined under controlled conditions. Gene transformation mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens was examined for only two genotypes (Manfalouty and Araby) which recorded highest and lowest regeneration capacity, respectively. The results showed that regeneration of pomegranate was mainly controlled by genotype, whereas the response of the explants was largely affected by the environmental factors. The data also show that the embryonic calli were formed within six weeks in the presence of MS media supplemented with 1 mg L-1 of 2,4-D. Shoots emerged successfully from the embryonic callus in the presence of 6 mg L-1 BA. Addition of 1 mg L-1 IBA to the MS basal medium increased the shoot forming, roots ratio (100%) and plantlet growth in all pomegranate genotypes. The highest recorded regeneration frequency was 79.75% in genotype Manfalouty followed by 70%, 63% and 55% in Tahrir, badr and Araby, respectively. The regenerated putative transgenic plantlet inoculated and co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens were able to grow vigorously in the media containing 50 mg l-1 Kanamycin with high degree of gene stability. Fresh weight (FW) of the regenerated plantlets was increased, whereas the concentration of H2O2 was decreased due to the infection with A. tumefaciens in both genotypes. Similarly, the infected plants showed higher specific activities of CAT and SOD compared to control. The PCR analysis showed the integration of the transgene into the infected plant genome corresponding to the relevant sequence of both of the NPT-11 gene and the 35 S promoters. This protocol can be used to produce tolerant to stress pomegranate plantlets and needs further investigation.
Selective insulinization of liver in conscious diabetic dogs (1985)

Insulin encapsulated in lipid vesicles and targeted to hepatocytes by means of a digalactosyl diglyceride moiety [(designated vesicle encapsulated insulin (VEI)] was administered intravenously to conscious catheterized diabetic dogs to determine the effects of hepatic and extrahepatic glucose utilization. Our results indicate that VEI administered intravenously to diabetic dogs over a dose range of 0.5 to 2.0 mU X kg-1 X min-1 reduces hepatic glucose output or induces hepatic glucose uptake without causing any significant alteration in the rate of extrahepatic glucose utilization. Steady-state comparisons of 1.0 mU X kg-1 X min-1 VEI with intraportal and peripherally administered insulin revealed that VEI and intraportal insulin result in significantly less extrahepatic glucose utilization than does an equivalent dose of peripherally administered insulin (6.36 +/- 1.21 and 5.08 +/- 0.97 vs. 8.82 +/- 1.61 mg X kg-1 X min-1; P less than 0.03). Through the use of VEI, we were able to significantly alter the deposition of intravenously administered glucose from 11% hepatic and 89% extrahepatic noted with peripheral insulin to 35% hepatic and 65% extrahepatic with VEI (P less than 0.03). Thus, by encapsulating insulin into a lipid carrier specifically targeted to the liver, selective hepatic insulinization can be achieved. As a result of this approach, one can alter the distribution of a glucose load to favor hepatic deposition.
Lower Extremity Mechanical Energy Distribution Does Not Change Following A High-intensity Run (2017)

Fatigue during running decreases the body’s ability to attenuate shock during impact, which may increase overuse injury risk. Muscles may assist in the attenuation of shock, and fatigue may induce redistribution in energy absorption during a single leg landing from the ankle to hip, but it is unknown whether there is a change in how joints function to dissipate energy after a high-intensity run. PURPOSE: To determine the effect of a high-intensity run on lower extremity energy distribution during running. METHODS: Ten experienced male runners, running 30+ minutes at least three times per week participated in this study. Optical motion capture was used to assess overground running mechanics at preferred running speed prior to completing a high-intensity run. A high-intensity training run was then performed at 80% of estimated V02 max for 30 minutes, or until participants were unable to continue. Running mechanics were assessed again within 20 minutes of completing the run at the same preferred speed observed prior to the training run. Joint powers for the dominant leg hip, knee, and ankle were calculated, and net joint work and total joint work from initial contact to the end of weight acceptance were calculated and normalized to body mass. Repeated measures ANCOVA were used to assess time x joint interactions for net joint work and total joint work, with rating of perceived exertion at the end of the run included as a covariate. Statistical significance was set a priori at p < 0.05. RESULTS: There were no time x joint interaction effects from pre to post run in either net joint work (Hip: -0.087 vs. -0.095 J/kg; Knee: -0.384 vs. -0.366 J/kg; Ankle: -0.362 vs. -0.346 J/kg; p = 0.198) or total joint work (Hip: 0.175 vs. 0.160 J/kg; Knee: 0.452 vs. 0.446; Ankle: 0.365 vs. 0.348; p = 0.282). There were also no main effects of time for both net and total joint work (p = 0.849 and 0.075). CONCLUSIONS: No changes were observed in mechanical energy dissipation by the lower extremity joints after a 30-minute high-intensity run, indicating that lower extremity muscle function while running at a self-selected speed may not be affected by general fatigue. Self-selected running may not be intense enough to elicit changes, so further research should be performed to determine the effect of running at higher intensity on muscle function.
Excess free volume and structural properties of inert gas condensation synthesized nanoparticles based CuZr nanoglasses (2021)

Abstract Nanoglass (NG) as a new structure-tunable material has been investigated using both experiments and computational modeling. Experimentally, inert gas condensation (IGC) is commonly employed to prepare metallic glass (MG) nanoparticles that are consolidated using cold compression to generate an NG. In computational modeling, various methods have been used to generate NGs. However, due to the high computational cost involved, heretofore modeling investigations have not followed the experimental synthesis route. In this work, we use molecular dynamics simulations to generate an NG model by consolidating IGC-prepared Cu 64 Zr 36 nanoparticles following a workflow similar to that of experiments. The resulting structure is compared with those of NGs produced following two alternative procedures previously used: direct generation employing Voronoi tessellation and consolidation of spherical nanoparticles carved from an MG sample. We focus on the characterization of the excess free volume and the Voronoi polyhedral statistics in order to identify and quantify contrasting features of the glass-glass interfaces in the three NG samples prepared using distinct methods. Results indicate that glass-glass interfaces in IGC-based NGs are thicker and display higher structural contrast with their parent MG structure. Nanoparticle-based methods display excess free volume exceeding 4%, in agreement with experiments. IGC-prepared nanoparticles, which display Cu segregation to their surfaces, generate the highest glass-glass interface excess free volume levels and the largest relative interface volume with excess free volume higher than 3%. Voronoi polyhedral analysis indicates a sharp drop in the full icosahedral motif fraction in the glass-glass interfaces in nanoparticle-based NG as compared to their parent MG.
Bile and Milk from Cholera Toxin Treated Rats Contain a Hormone-Like Factor Which Inhibits Diarrhea Induced by the Toxin (1986)

Protection against intestinal secretion induced by cholera toxin (CT) was studied in adult and suckling rats. Peroral CT treatment of lactating females protected their suckling offspring against diarrhea. This milk contained a protective antisecretory factor (ASF) as shown by passive peroral or intravenous transfer of the milk to adult, nontreated recipients in which the cholera response was tested in ligated jejunal loops. Bile from CT-treated rats also contained ASF, which was still present 100 days after the last treatment. Although milk and bile from untreated rats contained no ASF, bile from very old untreated rats did. Chemical characterization showed that ASF in bile and milk both had isoelectric points of about 5.0 and molecular weights of about 25,000. These data are similar to those previously obtained for ASF isolated from porcine pituitary glands, and show that the antisecretory activity is unrelated to immunoglobulins.
LSD alters eyes‐closed functional connectivity within the early visual cortex in a retinotopic fashion (2016)

The question of how spatially organized activity in the visual cortex behaves during eyes-closed, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)-induced "psychedelic imagery" (e.g., visions of geometric patterns and more complex phenomena) has never been empirically addressed, although it has been proposed that under psychedelics, with eyes-closed, the brain may function "as if" there is visual input when there is none. In this work, resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) data was analyzed from 10 healthy subjects under the influence of LSD and, separately, placebo. It was suspected that eyes-closed psychedelic imagery might involve transient local retinotopic activation, of the sort typically associated with visual stimulation. To test this, it was hypothesized that, under LSD, patches of the visual cortex with congruent retinotopic representations would show greater RSFC than incongruent patches. Using a retinotopic localizer performed during a nondrug baseline condition, nonadjacent patches of V1 and V3 that represent the vertical or the horizontal meridians of the visual field were identified. Subsequently, RSFC between V1 and V3 was measured with respect to these a priori identified patches. Consistent with our prior hypothesis, the difference between RSFC of patches with congruent retinotopic specificity (horizontal-horizontal and vertical-vertical) and those with incongruent specificity (horizontal-vertical and vertical-horizontal) increased significantly under LSD relative to placebo, suggesting that activity within the visual cortex becomes more dependent on its intrinsic retinotopic organization in the drug condition. This result may indicate that under LSD, with eyes-closed, the early visual system behaves as if it were seeing spatially localized visual inputs. Hum Brain Mapp 37:3031-3040, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Production and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies to Wall-Localized Peroxidases from Corn Seedlings (1988)

A library of 22 hybridomas, which make antibodies to soluble wall antigens from the coleoptiles and primary leaves of etiolated corn (Zea mays L.) seedlings, was raised and cloned three times by limit dilution to assure monoclonal growth and stability. Two of these hybridomas made immunoglobulin G antibodies, designated mWP3 and mWP19, which both effectively immunoprecipitated peroxidase activity from crude and partially purified preparations of wall peroxidases. Direct peroxidase-binding assays revealed that both antibodies bound enzymes with peroxidase activity. As judged by immunoblot analyses, mWP3 recognized a Mr 98,000 wall peroxidase with an isoelectric point near 4.2, and mWP19 recognized a Mr 58,000 wall peroxidase. Immunogold localization studies showed both peroxidases are predominately in cell walls.
Semi-supervised classification using sparse Gaussian process regression (2009)

Gaussian Processes (GPs) are promising Bayesian methods for classification and regression problems. They have also been used for semi-supervised learning tasks. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for solving semi-supervised binary classification problem using sparse GP regression (GPR) models. It is closely related to semi-supervised learning based on support vector regression (SVR) and maximum margin clustering. The proposed algorithm is simple and easy to implement. It gives a sparse solution directly unlike the SVR based algorithm. Also, the hyperparameters are estimated easily without resorting to expensive cross-validation technique. Use of sparse GPR model helps in making the proposed algorithm scalable. Preliminary results on synthetic and real-world data sets demonstrate the efficacy of the new algorithm. 1
Novel Monoclonal Antibodies Against Native Human Collectin L1, Using the Heteromeric Complex CL-LK as Immunogen (2018)

Collectin LK (CL-LK) is a recently described collectin complex, which upon binding to microbial glycoconjugates, activates the lectin pathway of the complement system, and thereby contributes to the removal of invading microorganisms. The complex consists of the two collectins; Collectin K1 (kidney 1 alias CL-11) and Collectin L1 (liver 1 alias CL-10). At present, most efforts have been made on the characterization of CL-K1, and little is known about the function of CL-L1 and its association with diseases. Deficiency of either of the two collectins is associated with the developmental syndrome 3MC, whereas increased plasma levels of CL-K1 are associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation. Using CL-LK purified from human plasma as an immunogen, we succeed in generating seven monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with specificity for CL-L1. All seven mAbs recognize both native and recombinant CL-L1. In addition, four of the mAbs were successful in immunohistochemical detection of CL-L1 in human tissues. To our knowledge, these are the first mAbs specific for human native CL-L1 described in the literature, and we expect them to be of great importance in characterizing the function of CL-L1, as well as for the study of CL-L1's association with disease.
Development of a Novel Next-Generation Sequencing Assay for Carrier Screening in Old Order Amish and Mennonite Populations of Pennsylvania (2019)

Genetically isolated populations, such as the Old Order Amish and Old Order Mennonite communities, have an increased incidence of specific autosomal recessive disorders caused by the founder effect. In these populations, robust expanded carrier screening and diagnostic testing have the potential to reduce overall medical costs and improve patient outcomes. A novel next-generation sequencing assay was developed using anchored multiplex PCR technology (ArcherDX) for 162 different genetic syndromes caused by 202 pathogenic variants consisting of 150 single-nucleotide changes, 43 small insertion/deletions, and 9 large deletions (>20 nucleotides). To assess the accuracy of the screening panel results, 48 samples were selected on the basis of prior whole exome sequencing results. An additional 15 samples were chosen specifically to validate SMN1 and SMN2 copy number analyses. Collectively, the screening panel detected 273 pathogenic single-nucleotide or small insertion/deletion variants, 35 copy number variations, and 1 chromosomal abnormality (Klinefelter syndrome). Concordance with prior whole exome sequencing was 100%. By using a novel next-generation sequencing workflow, a successful targeted gene variant panel was developed for the Old Order Amish and Old Order Mennonite populations of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. Population-wide carrier screening may help decrease the morbidity and mortality of these conditions in the high-risk populations.
HLA-DP4 expression and immunity to NY-ESO-1: correlation and characterization of cytotoxic CD4+ CD25- CD8- T cell clones (2004)

NY-ESO-1 is one of the most immunogenic cancer antigens known to date, eliciting spontaneous immune responses in approximately 50% of patients with NY-ESO-1+ cancers. Spontaneous CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses were found in patients with detectable NY-ESO-1 serum antibody, indicating an integrated type of immune response induced by NY-ESO-1+ malignancies. A close association between spontaneous NY-ESO-1 immunity and the HLA-DP4 allele was suggested in a recent study. To address these results, we assessed the NY-ESO-1 antibody and HLA-DP4 status of 102 patients with NY-ESO-1+ malignancies. However, no correlation between HLA-DP4 and NY-ESO-1 immunity was found. To explore the role of HLA-DP4-restricted CD4+ T cells in cancer immunity, we established HLA-DP4- restricted NY-ESO-1-specific CD4+ T cell clones by limiting dilution and repeated stimulation with NY-ESO-1 peptide p157-170 from NY-ESO-1 seropositive patients. A subset of CD4+ T cell clones was reactive with naturally processed NY-ESO-1 presented by autologous DCs that were pulsed with recombinant NY-ESO-1 protein, lysates of NY-ESO-1-expressing tumor cell lines, or transduced with recombinant NY-ESO-1 viral constructs in ELISPOT assays. Three different CD4+ T cell clones were used to mediate the specific lysis of allogeneic HLA-DP4+ Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cells (EBV-B) pulsed with NY-ESO-1 p157-170. The Th1 phenotype and effector functions of the CD4+ T cell clones described here provide an important rationale for the activation of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells along with CD8+ T cells in cancer vaccination strategies.
A Consecutive Series of Patients with Laryngeal Carcinoma Treated by Primary Irradiation (1997)

In Denmark there is an increasing frequency of laryngeal carcinoma, in particular in women and among these especially in supraglottic tumours. The incidence during the past 20 years has risen from about 40 to 60 cases per million per year. A series of 335 consecutive patients treated with primary radiation is presented. In one-third of all patients the tumour was localized in the supraglottic area; in women in more than half and in men in about one-fourth of the cases. The frequency of primary lymph node metastases in the supraglottic and the glottic tumours was 24% and 2% respectively. A multivariate analysis identified sex and tumour size as independent prognostic parameters of local control. Five-year survival corrected for intercurrent deaths was obtained in 59% of all cases, in 56% of supraglottic and in 92% of glottic tumours. A multivariate analysis defined localization, tumour grade and stage as independent prognostic parameters of survival. Salvage surgery was performed in about 32% of the cases, total laryngectomy in 26%, and partial laryngectomy in 6%. The survival rate among all total laryngectomies was 55%. A tracheostomy during or before radiation treatment prior to total laryngectomy had no influence on complication rate, admission time or recurrence rate. The frequency of pharyngo-cutaneous fistulae in the entire series was 11.5%; after routine use of metronidazol, however, only 5.7%. Radical neck dissection was carried out in 7.8% of the cases, by far most in the supraglottic group, only a few in the glottic carcinomas, in three-fourth in connection with a laryngectomy and in one-fourth without local recurrence in the larynx.
Nanomechanical properties of the stratum corneum and its interaction with a single hair fiber (2016)

Nanomechanical properties of the stratum corneum and its interaction with a single hair fiber