gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Peripheral Antihyperalgesic Effect of Morphine to Heat, but Not Mechanical, Stimulation in Healthy Volunteers after Ultraviolet-B Irradiation (1999)

The objective of this study was to evaluate direct peripheral analgesic effects of morphine using a peripheral model of hyperalgesia and the technique of IV regional anesthesia (IVRA), thus allowing the differentiation between central and peripheral mechanisms of action.Two spots on the ventral sides of both forearms in 12 volunteers were irradiated with ultraviolet (UV)-B to induce thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia. One day after the induction of the inflammatory reaction, 40 mL of morphine hydrochloride 0.01% was administered via IVRA. Calibrated heat and phasic mechanical stimuli were applied to differentially determine impairments of tactile and nociceptive perception. Touch and phasic mechanical stimuli of noxious intensity to normal skin did not reveal altered responsiveness caused by morphine. In contrast, the administration of morphine significantly increased heat pain thresholds in the UV-B-pretreated skin areas. The peripheral antihyperalgesic effects of morphine were demonstrated only in inflamed skin areas. Direct central analgesic effects were ruled out by the lack of measurable plasma concentrations of morphine and its metabolites. Morphine 0.01% significantly diminished thermal, but not mechanical, hyperalgesia by a peripheral mode of action, which suggests inhibition of effector pathways leading to heat, but not mechanical, sensitization. Implications: The peripheral analgesic effects of morphine were studied using modified IV regional anesthesia. When administered 1 day after the induction of dermal inflammation, morphine 0.01% diminished heat, but not primary mechanical, hyperalgesia. Therefore, suppression of mechanical hyperalgesia seen in previous studies could be predominantly due to inhibition of secondary (central) mechanical hyperalgesia. (Anesth Analg 1999;88:117-22)
The significance of neonatal thymectomy for shaping the immune system in children with congenital heart defects (2017)

The thymus plays an important role in the development of the immune cell pool; it serves as the primary location for T-lymphocyte maturation. Early cardiac surgical interventions for congenital heart defects are necessarily associated with thymectomy, i.e. the partial or complete removal of the thymus. A newborn infant already has a functioning thymus and developed cells of the immune system. However, thymectomy eliminates the primary location where T cells differentiate and mature. This study summarizes the current knowledge of the cellular disturbances and potential clinical consequences associated with performing thymectomy in children treated surgically for congenital heart defects.
Down-Regulation of microRNA-132 is Associated with Poor Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer (2016)

Down-regulation of miR-132 is associated with poor prognosis in CRC. ANO1 could be one of the crucial targets of miR-132 in CRC.
CovNet: A Transfer Learning Framework for Automatic COVID-19 Detection From Crowd-Sourced Cough Sounds (2022)

Since the COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, developing a digital diagnostic tool to detect COVID-19 from respiratory sounds with computer audition has become an essential topic due to its advantages of being swift, low-cost, and eco-friendly. However, prior studies mainly focused on small-scale COVID-19 datasets. To build a robust model, the large-scale multi-sound FluSense dataset is utilised to help detect COVID-19 from cough sounds in this study. Due to the gap between FluSense and the COVID-19-related datasets consisting of cough only, the transfer learning framework (namely CovNet) is proposed and applied rather than simply augmenting the training data with FluSense. The CovNet contains (i) a parameter transferring strategy and (ii) an embedding incorporation strategy. Specifically, to validate the CovNet's effectiveness, it is used to transfer knowledge from FluSense to COUGHVID, a large-scale cough sound database of COVID-19 negative and COVID-19 positive individuals. The trained model on FluSense and COUGHVID is further applied under the CovNet to another two small-scale cough datasets for COVID-19 detection, the COVID-19 cough sub-challenge (CCS) database in the INTERSPEECH Computational Paralinguistics challengE (ComParE) challenge and the DiCOVA Track-1 database. By training four simple convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in the transfer learning framework, our approach achieves an absolute improvement of 3.57% over the baseline of DiCOVA Track-1 validation of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC AUC) and an absolute improvement of 1.73% over the baseline of ComParE CCS test unweighted average recall (UAR).
Genomic Structure and Comparative Analysis of Nine Fugu Genes: Conservation of Synteny with Human Chromosome Xp22.2–p22.1 (1999)

The pufferfish Fugu rubripes has a compact 400-Mb genome that is approximately 7.5 times smaller than the human genome but contains a similar number of genes. Focusing on the distal short arm of the human X chromosome, we have studied the evolutionary conservation of gene orders in Fugu and man. Sequencing of 68 kb of Fugu genomic DNA identified nine genes in the following order: (SCML2)-STK9, XLRS1, PPEF-1, KELCH2, KELCH1, PHKA2, AP19, and U2AF1-RS2. Apart from an evolutionary inversion separating AP19 and U2AF1-RS2 from PHKA2, gene orders are identical in Fugu and man, and all nine human homologs map to the Xp22 band. All Fugu genes were found to be smaller than their human counterparts, but gene structures were mostly identical. These data suggest that genomic sequencing in Fugu is a powerful and economical strategy to predict gene orders in the human genome and to elucidate the structure of human genes.
Two-powder Nd2Fe14B magnets with DyGa-addition (1998)

Magnetic and structural properties of sintered NdFeB magnets with addition of various amounts of DyGa as a separate powder are studied and compared with single-powder magnets of the same nominal composition. When the magnets are annealed above 640 °C, the coercivity decreases strongly as compared to magnets annealed below 640 °C. Decomposition of the δ phase (Nd6Fe14−xGax) accompanies this drop. Measurements of coercivity as a function of temperature show that the decomposition of the δ phase does not increase the effective demagnetization factor, but enlarges either the magnetic inhomogeneous region at the grain surface or the exchange coupling between the grains. Line faults, which are present within the Nd2Fe14B grains when the magnet is annealed below 640 °C, do not act as pinning centers. Phase analysis and diffusion profiles of the Dy and Ga concentration within the grains are made using electron probe micro-analysis. This shows that Ga forms Nd3Ga2 and Nd6Fe12.7Ga1.3 as intergranular phases. Its concentration within the Φ phase is significantly lower than in the Φ phase of single-powder magnets. At 1090 °C, a diffusion coefficient for Ga of D=2.5±0.1×10−15 m2/s is found. Dy is shown only to be present in that part of the Nd2Fe14B grain which has precipitated from the liquid during sintering. At the boundary of the Dy-free center and the outer part of the grain, an increased Dy concentration is found.
Motion predictability and sickness (2020)

Although the effect of motion predictability on motion sickness seems common knowledge, relevant literature is scarce. We therefore performed two experiments. In Experiment A, 17 subjects were exposed to 15 minutes of repeated forward/backward motions on a linear sled, repeated within subjects in three ways: 1) using identical motions interrupted by equal standstills, 2) using randomly reversed motions interrupted by equal standstills, and 3) using identical motions interrupted by semi-randomly varied intervals of standstill. In Experiment B, 20 subjects were exposed to similar motion in which both temporal and directional factors varied. Within subjects, this profile was presented in two ways: 1) each motion being preceded one second ahead by a sound-clip telling “forward” or “backward”, and 2) the same cues presented during the motion. Sickness was rated using an 11-point misery-scale. Experiment A revealed no difference between the two unpredictable conditions, which gave 52% higher sickness ratings than the predictable condition. Experiment B revealed that audio cues preceding such unpredictable motion may then reduce sickness ratings by 17%. We conclude that 1) unpredictability of motion increases motion sickness, which effect, 2) can be decreased by adding a cognitive cue preceding an otherwise unpredictable change of motion. © 2020, Driving Simulation Association. All rights reserved.
Physico-Chemical Properties, Composition and Oxidative Stability of Camelina sativa Oil (2005)

Camelina sativa is a cruciferous oilseed plant.With the aim of describing the general characteristics of the oil obtained from the seeds of plants grown in Slovenia and of comparing it to camelina oil from other countries we determined some physico-chemical properties, fatty acid composition, iodine and saponification value and followed its oxidative stability under different storage conditions.The density at 20 C was (0.9207 0.0001) g/cm 3 and the refractive index reached 1.4756 0.0001 at 25 C.The analysis of fatty acids showed 10.3 % of saturated and 55.8 % of polyunsaturated acids, with 16.9 % of linoleic (C18:2), 35.2 % of a-linolenic (C18:3w3) and 1.6 % of erucic acid (C22:1).Determination of oxidative stability of this highly unsaturated oil revealed that the formation of primary oxidation products was affected by photooxidation.The peroxide value, PV, of fresh oil was (2.38 0.01) meq O 2 /kg, while after 1 month in daylight at room temperature PV reached (21.0 0.1) meq O 2 /kg.When stored in darkness PV was (8.12 0.08) meq O 2 /kg.In the fresh oil, the p-anisidine value, AV, was 6.2 0.1, after 11 months at room temperature 10.4 0.1, and after the same time at 8 C in darkness 7.1 0.1.Susceptibility to oxidation of camelina oil was measured by the Rancimat test and expressed as the induction period.In fresh camelina oil the induction period was 4.8 h.
Study of thermal transport in nanoparticle suspensions using forced Rayleigh scattering (2006)

Thermal diffusivity measurements on two nanofluids and their base fluids were made using an optical technique called forced Rayleigh scattering. The nanofluids studied were a citrate-stabilized Au nanoparticle suspension in water and an Al2O3 nanoparticle suspension in a petroleum oil. Thermal diffusivity measurements on the nanofluids and base fluids were made at temperatures in the range of 25–75°C. From these data, it was possible to estimate the thermal conductivity enhancement in the nanofluids as a function of temperature. In contrast to previous reports on similar systems, our experiments are consistent with thermal conductivity enhancement predictions from effective medium theory. In particular, we find that the level of thermal conductivity enhancement is independent of temperature.
p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase regulates chamber-specific perinatal growth in heart (2020)

In the mammalian heart, the left ventricle (LV) rapidly becomes more dominant in size and function over the right ventricle (RV) after birth. The molecular regulators responsible for this chamber-specific differential growth are largely unknown. We found that cardiomyocytes in the neonatal mouse RV had lower proliferation, more apoptosis, and a smaller average size compared with the LV. This chamber-specific growth pattern was associated with a selective activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity in the RV and simultaneous inactivation in the LV. Cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of both the Mapk14 and Mapk11 genes in mice resulted in loss of p38 MAPK expression and activity in the neonatal heart. Inactivation of p38 activity led to a marked increase in cardiomyocyte proliferation and hypertrophy but diminished cardiomyocyte apoptosis, specifically in the RV. Consequently, the p38-inactivated hearts showed RV-specific enlargement postnatally, progressing to pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure at the adult stage. Chamber-specific p38 activity was associated with differential expression of dual-specific phosphatases (DUSPs) in neonatal hearts, including DUSP26. Unbiased transcriptome analysis revealed that IRE1α/XBP1-mediated gene regulation contributed to p38 MAPK-dependent regulation of neonatal cardiomyocyte proliferation and binucleation. These findings establish an obligatory role of DUSP/p38/IRE1α signaling in cardiomyocytes for chamber-specific growth in the postnatal heart.
PCR-Reverse Line Blot Typing Method Underscores the Genomic Heterogeneity of Borrelia valaisiana Species and Suggests Its Potential Involvement in Lyme Disease (2003)

Detection of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex in biological samples is currently done by conventional immunological and molecular biological methods. To improve on the accuracy of these methods and to simplify the procedure for testing large numbers of samples, a solid-phase sandwich hybridization system readily applicable to the detection of PCR products has been designed. This colorimetric detection system relies on the use of polybiotinylated detection probes and of specific capture oligonucleotides covalently linked at allocated positions on nylon membrane strips. From a phylogenetic analysis on a great number of ospA gene sequences, we have designed and synthesized a set of PCR primers specific to the five Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies present in Europe and a subset of probes (capture and detection probes) specific to these five genospecies (B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. garinii, B. afzelii, B. valaisiana, and B. lusitaniae). This combined PCR hybridization system was evaluated with a large number of various B. burgdorferi isolates and clinical specimens. These analyses clearly showed that the system could be used as a typing method to distinguish five genospecies belonging to the B. burgdorferi sensu lato complex. In addition, the study showed that B. valaisiana strains might be more heterologous than suspected up to now and clustered into three genomic groups.
Integration of perception, control and injury knowledge for safe human-robot interaction (2014)

In the past few years the need for more flexibility in industrial production has implied a growing attention towards scenarios where humans work directly in touch with robots. In order to allow safe human-robot interaction, a methodology to evaluate the severity of an impact between a human worker and an industrial robot, based on related work on injury knowledge in human-robot contacts and relying on information coming from different exteroceptive sensors, has been developed in this paper. On the basis of this severity evaluation, the robot controller enforces a suitable safety-oriented strategy, ranging from on-path speed reduction to task-consistent evasive motion and protective stop. The safety evaluation methodology has been implemented in a dedicated software component, integrated with a video surveillance system and with the real time robot controller to obtain a complete HW/SW architecture named “Safety Controller”. The system has been validated on an ABB IRB140 robot.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Cannot Productively Infect Freshly Cultured Human Cartilage Cells (1993)

The use of cartilage allografts is being discussed because of the possible transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). To further delineate the possibility for an HIV infection of cartilage cells the susceptibility and permissivity of normal human chondrocytes to HIV-1 was assessed in culture. Isolated cartilage cells were incubated during 30 days with the HIV, testing the production of viral p24 antigens and the formation of particle-bound reverse transcriptase (RT) in the supernatant. The H9 cell line was used as positive control. The production of p24 antigen did not occur on chondrocytes during the whole culture time. Furthermore, no RT activity was detected throughout the entire experimental period. Our results indicate clearly that HIV was not able to infect cartilage cells under these in vitro conditions, and, conclusively, HIV infection of cartilage in vivo is improbable.
Elucidation of Phosphatidylcholine Composition in Krill Oil Extracted from Euphausia superba (2010)

High performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry was used to elucidate the phospholipids in krill oil extracted from Euphausia superba, an emerging source for human nutritional supplements. The study was carried out in order to map the species of the choline-containing phospholipid classes: phosphatidylcholine and lyso-phosphatidylcholine. In addition, the prevalent phosphatidylcholine class was quantified and the results compared with prior analysis. The qualification was performed with separation on a reverse phase chromatography column, while the quantification was obtained with class separation on a normal phase chromatography column. An Orbitrap system was used for the detection, and pulsed-Q dissociation fragmentation was utilized for the identification of the species. An asymmetrical exclusion list was applied for detection of phospholipid species of lower concentration, significantly improving the number of species observed. A total of 69 choline-containing phospholipids were detected, whereof 60 phosphatidylcholine substances, among others seven with probable omega-3 fatty acids in both sn-1 and sn-2. The phosphatidylcholine concentration was estimated to be 34 ± 5 g/100 g oil (n = 5). These results confirm the complexity of the phospholipid composition of krill oil, and the presence of long chained, heavily unsaturated fatty acids.
A Study on the Conversion of Indanones into Carbostyrils. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Tree-Based WCET Analysis on Instrumentation Point Graphs (2006)

This paper presents a framework for combining low-level measurement data through high-level static analysis techniques on instrumented programs in order to generate WCET estimates, for which we introduce the instrumentation point graph (IPG). We present the notion of iteration edges, which are the most important property of the IPG from a timing analysis perspective since they allow more path-based information to be integrated into tree-based calculations on loops. The main focus of this paper, however, is an algorithm that performs a hierarchical decomposition of an IPG into an Itree to permit tree-based WCET calculations. The Itree representation supports a novel high-level structure, the meta-loop, which enables iteration edges to be merged in the calculation stage. The timing schema required for the Itree is also presented. Finally, we outline some conclusions and future areas of interest
SLS dynamic aperture optimisation (1995)

The method of harmonic compensation of sextupole resonances, successfully applied in the past to ESRF and other machines, was implemented into a PC program in a handy way to give a high degree of visualisation. The method proved to be useful for optimisation of the dynamic aperture of the SLS, a dedicated low emittance synchrotron light source. However, the method has to be used carefully and does not guarantee to obtain a good solution.
Relationship of Plasma HIV‐1 RNA Dynamics to Baseline Factors and Virological Responses to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Adolescents (Aged 12–22 Years) Infected through High‐Risk Behavior (2004)

We characterized the viral dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-infected adolescents receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy regimens (lamivudine [3TC]/zidovudine [ZDV]/efavirenz [EFV], 3TC/ZDV/nelfinavir [NFV], or other regimens) and studied the relationship of viral dynamics with baseline factors and virological responses. Viral decay rates for 115 evaluable subjects were estimated from a viral dynamic model. Viral dynamics in HIV-1-infected individuals aged 12-22 years were similar to those of HIV-1-infected adults and infants. Individuals who received 3TC/ZDV/EFV had a more rapid phase 1 viral decay rate than those who received 3TC/ZDV/NFV or other regimens. Phase 1 viral decay rates were positively correlated with baseline RNA levels and week 1 virus load reductions. Our findings indicate that the 3TC/ZDV/EFV regimen may be more potent than 3TC/ZDV/NFV or other regimens and that early viral dynamics or week 1 virus load reduction measurements may be useful in evaluating the potency of antiretroviral regimens.
On-line efficiency optimization control of a slip angular frequency controlled induction motor drive using neural networks (2002)

Online efficiency control optimization of induction motor drives is important from the viewpoints of energy saving and controlling a system whose characteristics are not fully unknown. The paper presents a neural network-based online efficiency control optimization for an induction motor drive which adopts slip angular frequency control. In the proposed scheme, a neurocontroller adjusts the slip angular frequency adaptively for minimum loss operation based on the measured input power. Simulation results show that considerable energy savings are achieved in comparison with the conventional method of operating under the condition of constant voltage to frequency ratio.
Air bubble interaction with a submerged, axisymmetric water jet. (1991)

Individual air bubbles were released from a vertical, blunt-tipped, 20-gauge hypodermic needle. They rose and collided with an axisymmetric, horizontal water jet submerged in a water-filled tank. Acoustic emissions resulting from bubble–jet interaction were studied. High-speed video analysis was also employed to visually determine bubble behavior (e.g., extent of shear-induced bubble distortion and/or bubble breakup, etc.). Parameters which were varied included the downstream location of the bubble–jet collision, the flow characteristics (Reynolds number, laminar versus turbulent flow, etc.), and the initial bubble size. Results to be discussed will include the sound produced when the bubbles break up and when they do not. The role played by the flow characteristics in determining the acoustical bubble response will also be considered. [Worked supported by ONR, ONT, and DTRC.]
Indirect comparison of intravenous vs. subcutaneous C1-inhibitor placebo-controlled trials for routine prevention of hereditary angioedema attacks (2019)

Within the limitations of an indirect study comparison, this analysis suggests greater attack reduction with twice-weekly C1-INH(SC) 60 IU/kg as compared to twice-weekly C1-INH(IV) 1000 U for the routine prevention of HAE attacks.
ChemInform Abstract: SnO Nanoparticles as an Efficient Catalyst for the One‐Pot Synthesis of Chromeno[2,3‐b]pyridines and 2‐Amino‐3,5‐dicyano‐6‐sulfanyl Pyridines. (2015)

Abstract The catalyst is recycled and reused for five times without significant loss of activity.
Multi-sample particle flux collector (2003)

A nonmetallic, conical fibreglass sediment trap has been designed to collect uncontaminated, preconcentrated samples compatible with trace element analytical requirements. The sediment trap has a 0.5-m/sup 2/ collecting area and a 15-multiple sample cup mechanism to allow the sediment trap to collect gram-size monthly samples during a typical year-long deployment and to isolate them until recovery. The sample acquisition timing is controlled by a programmable CMOS microprocessor for variable sampling intervals from 32 s to tens of months. In addition, the microprocessor stores a permanent event record of trap performance. Particular emphasis has been directed at keeping the trap modular for ease of sample handling and trap manufacturing. Components of the trap are compatible for moorings to 6000 m depth.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>