gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sparse Label Smoothing Regularization for Person Re-Identification (2018)

Person re-identification (re-id) is a cross-camera retrieval task which establishes a correspondence between images of a person from multiple cameras. Deep Learning methods have been successfully applied to this problem and have achieved impressive results. However, these methods require a large amount of labeled training data. Currently labeled datasets in person re-id are limited in their scale and manual acquisition of such large-scale datasets from surveillance cameras is a tedious and labor-intensive task. In this paper, we propose a framework that performs intelligent data augmentation and assigns partial smoothing label to generated data. Our approach first exploits the clustering property of existing person re-id datasets to create groups of similar objects that model cross-view variations. Each group is then used to generate realistic images through adversarial training. Our aim is to emphasize feature similarity between generated samples and the original samples. Finally, we assign a non-uniform label distribution to the generated samples and define a regularized loss function for training. The proposed approach tackles two problems (1) how to efficiently use the generated data and (2) how to address the over-smoothness problem found in current regularization methods. Extensive experiments on four larges cale datasets show that our regularization method significantly improves the Re-ID accuracy compared to existing methods.
Planung von Multi-Service IP Netzen (2002)

Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über Aspekte der IP Netzplanung und behandelt dabei vor allem die speziellen Anforderungen, die sich durch die Berücksichtigung von mehreren Verkehrsklassen und deren spezifische Dienstgüteanforderungen ergeben.
Canonical approximation in the performance analysis of distributed systems (asymptotic analysis, interference models, computational methods) (1986)

The problem of analyzing distributed systems arises in many areas of computer science, such as communication networks, distributed databases, packet radio networks, VLSI communications and switching mechanisms. Analysis of distributed systems is difficult since one must deal with many tightly-interacting components. The number of possible state configurations typically grows exponentially with the system size, making the exact analysis intractable even for relatively small systems.
For the stochastic models of these systems, whose steady-state probability is of the product form, many global performance measures of interest can be computed once one knows the normalization constant of the steady-state probability distribution. This constant, called the system partition function, is typically difficult to derive in closed form. The key difficulty in performance analysis of such models can be viewed as trying to derive a good approximation to the partition function or calculate it numerically.
In this Ph.D. work we introduce a new approximation technique to analyze a variety of such models of distributed systems. This technique, which we call the method of Canonical Approximation, is similar to that developed in statistical physics to compute the partition function. The new method gives a closed-form approximation of the partition function and of the global performance measures. It is computationally simple with complexity independent of the system size, gives an excellent degree of precision for large systems, and is applicable to a wide variety of problems. The method is applied to the analysis of multihop packet radio networks, locking schemes in database systems, closed queueing networks, and interconnection networks.
Intestinal microbiota regulates tryptophan metabolism following oral infection with Toxoplasma gondii (2020)

Our findings indicate that the intestinal microbiota can control Trp availability and provide a link between the AhR pathway and host-microbiota interaction in acute infection with T gondii.
Expression of the c-mpl proto-oncogene in human hematologic malignancies (1993)

Similar to two other hematopoietic growth factor receptors, the c-fms (macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor) and the c-kit genes, c- mpl has been discovered through the study of oncogenic retroviruses. Unlike c-fms and c-kit, which both belong to a subgroup of tyrosine kinase receptors, the c-mpl proto-oncogene encodes a new member of the cytokine receptor superfamily. We have studied the expression of c-mpl in a series of 105 patients with hematologic malignancies using Northern blot analysis. The levels of c-mpl transcripts in lymphoid malignancies and in chronic myeloproliferative disorders were not significantly different from those found in normal bone marrow cells, in which c-mpl was barely detectable. In contrast, c-mpl expression was increased in 26 of 51 patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) and in 5 of 16 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Amplification of the c-mpl gene was detected in genomic DNA of one M4 AML patient. There was no significant correlation between c-mpl expression and the French-American-British classification of AML. Patients with high c-mpl expression appeared to belong to a subgroup of AML with a low rate of complete remission and a poor prognosis, including secondary leukemia and AML with unfavorable cytogenetic abnormalities.
Surgical treatment of pathological loss of lumbar lordosis (flatback) in patients with normal sagittal vertical axis achieves similar clinical improvement as surgical treatment of elevated sagittal vertical axis (2014)

Decompensated SSM patients with elevated SVA experience significant disability; however, the amount of disability in compensated SSM patients with flatback deformity caused by PI-LL mismatch but normal SVA is underappreciated. Surgical correction of SSM demonstrated similar radiographic and HRQOL score improvements for patients in both groups. Evaluation of SSM should extend beyond measuring SVA. Among patients with concordant pain and disability, PI-LL mismatch must be evaluated for SSM patients and can be considered a primary indication for surgery.
AEROBIC SALIVARY BACTERIA IN WILD AND CAPTIVE KOMODO DRAGONS (2002)

During the months of November 1996, August 1997, and March 1998, saliva and plasma samples were collected for isolation of aerobic bacteria from 26 wild and 13 captive Komodo dragons (Varanus komodoensis). Twenty-eight Gram-negative and 29 Gram-positive species of bacteria were isolated from the saliva of the 39 Komodo dragons. A greater number of wild than captive dragons were positive for both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The average number of bacterial species within the saliva of wild dragons was 46% greater than for captive dragons. While Escherichia coli was the most common bacterium isolated from the saliva of wild dragons, this species was not present in captive dragons. The most common bacteria isolated from the saliva of captive dragons were Staphylococcus capitis and Staphylococcus capitis and Staphylococcus caseolyticus, neither of which were found in wild dragons. High mortality was seen among mice injected with saliva from wild dragons and the only bacterium isolated from the blood of dying mice was Pasteurella multocida. A competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed the presence of anti-Pasteurella antibody in the plasma of Komodo dragons. Four species of bacteria isolated from dragon saliva showed resistance to one or more of 16 antimicrobics tested. The wide variety of bacteria demonstrated in the saliva of the Komodo dragon in this study, at least one species of which was highly lethal in mice and 54 species of which are known pathogens, support the observation that wounds inflicted by this animal are often associated with sepsis and subsequent bacteremia in prey animals.
Advanced 3D polarimetric flash ladar imaging through foliage (2003)

High-resolution three-dimensional flash ladar system technologies are under development that enables remote identification of vehicles and armament hidden by heavy tree canopies. We have developed a sensor architecture and design that employs a 3D flash ladar receiver to address this mission. The receiver captures 128×128×>30 three-dimensional images for each laser pulse fired. The voxel size of the image is 3”×3”×4” at the target location. A novel signal-processing algorithm has been developed that achieves sub-voxel (sub-inch) range precision estimates of target locations within each pixel. Polarization discrimination is implemented to augment the target-to-foliage contrast. When employed, this method improves the range resolution of the system beyond the classical limit (based on pulsewidth and detection bandwidth). Experiments were performed with a 6 ns long transmitter pulsewidth that demonstrate 1-inch range <i>resolution</i> of a tank-like target that is occluded by foliage and a range <i>precision</i> of 0.3” for unoccluded targets.
Similarity between Strain Fields Induced by the Xe/NH3 Plasma Nitridation and the Kr/O2 Plasma Oxidation Revealed by a Multi-Wave X-ray Diffraction Phenomenon (2008)

Strain field under Si 3 NJSi(001) interface formed by nitrogen-hydrogen (NH) radicals (the Xe/NH 3 plasma nitridation) was investigated by using a multiple-wave X-ray diffraction phenomenon, i.e., interaction between Bragg reflection and crystal-truncation-rod (CTR) scattering. Information on distribution of strain field induced by Si 3 N 4 /Si(001) interface was qualitatively obtained, and compared with the results of Si0 2 /Si(001) interfaces formed by the thermal oxidations (wet and dry oxidations) and the Kr/0 2 plasma oxidation; strain field induced the nitridation by NH radicals was similar to that by the Kr/Oz plasma oxidation, but different from those by the thermal oxidations.
Shape dependence of all-dielectric terahertz metasurface (2022)

All-dielectric metasurfaces have been attracting attention in the terahertz spectral range for low-loss planar optical elements such as lenses, beam splitters, waveplates, vortex plates, and magnetic mirrors. Various shapes of meta-atoms have been used in many studies; however, no systematic comparative study of each shape has been reported. The optical properties of various shapes of metasurfaces are reported in this work using finite difference time domain simulation. The phase of a pillar-type all-dielectric metasurface is mainly determined by the cross-sectional area, rather than its detailed shape. Consequently, in the square lattice geometry, the square shape meta-atom performs best in terms of full phase control at the lowest pillar height with negligible polarization dependence. Furthermore, we compare the transmission, phase, and polarization dependence of the hexagonal and square lattices. Square-shape metasurface successfully realizes subwavelength focusing metalens and vortex plate.
Branched Kissing Loops for the Construction of Diverse RNA Homooligomeric Nanostructures (2019)

&lt;div&gt;This study presents a robust homooligomeric self-assembly system based on RNA and DNA tiles that are folded from a single-strand of nucleic acid and assemble via a novel artificially designed branched kissing-loops (bKL) motif. By adjusting the geometry of individual tiles, we have constructed a total of 16 different structures that demonstrate our control over the curvature, torsion, and number of helices of assembled structures. Furthermore, bKL-based tiles can be assembled cotranscriptionally, and can be expressed in living bacterial cells.&lt;/div&gt;
A Formal Analysis of Required Cooperation in Multi-agent Planning (2014)

Research on multi-agent planning has been popular in recent years. While previous research has been motivated by the understanding that, through cooperation, multi-agent systems can achieve tasks that are unachievable by single-agent systems, there are no formal characterizations of situations where cooperation is required to achieve a goal, thus warranting the application of multi-agent systems. In this paper, we provide such a formal discussion from the planning aspect. We first show that determining whether there is required cooperation (RC) is intractable is general. Then, by dividing the problems that require cooperation (referred to as RC problems) into two classes -- problems with heterogeneous and homogeneous agents, we aim to identify all the conditions that can cause RC in these two classes. We establish that when none of these identified conditions hold, the problem is single-agent solvable. Furthermore, with a few assumptions, we provide an upper bound on the minimum number of agents required for RC problems with homogeneous agents. This study not only provides new insights into multi-agent planning, but also has many applications. For example, in human-robot teaming, when a robot cannot achieve a task, it may be due to RC. In such cases, the human teammate should be informed and, consequently, coordinate with other available robots for a solution.
An Ultra Low-Voltage RF Front-end Receiver for IoT Devices (2022)

This paper presents the design of an RF receiver front-end for IoT application, integrating a low noise amplifier (LNA) and an active mixer. The circuit is designed in 28-nm FDSOI technology, to operate on the ISM 2.4-2.5 GHz band. The inductor-less LNA exploits the parasitic package inductance as resonant load, limiting chip area and costs. The receiver, designed for the stringent requirements of the application, operates with a voltage supply of 0.35 V, and it exhibits in simulation a power consumption below 45 μW. Besides, it achieves a voltage gain of 27.4 dB, a Third Order Input Intercept Point (IIP3) of -26.8dBm, and a noise Figure (NF) of 12.8 dB, with an intermediate frequency (FI) of 2 MHz. The small area of only 0.0021 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , combined with the low power consumption and operating voltage, makes the proposed RF receiver well-suited for the IoT application domain.
An attention-based backend allowing efficient fine-tuning of transformer models for speaker verification (2022)

In recent years, self-supervised learning paradigm has received extensive attention due to its great success in various down-stream tasks. However, the fine-tuning strategies for adapting those pre-trained models to speaker verification task have yet to be fully explored. In this paper, we analyze several feature extraction approaches built on top of a pre-trained model, as well as regularization and learning rate schedule to stabilize the fine-tuning process and further boost performance: multi-head factorized attentive pooling is proposed to factorize the comparison of speaker representations into multiple phonetic clusters. We regularize towards the parameters of the pre-trained model and we set different learning rates for each layer of the pre-trained model during fine-tuning. The experimental results show our method can significantly shorten the training time to 4 hours and achieve SOTA performance: 0.59%, 0.79% and 1.77% EER on Vox1-O, Vox1-E and Vox1-H, respectively.
An attentional system combining top-down and bottom-up influences (2006)

Abstract. Attention plays an important role in human processing of sensory information as a mean of focusing resources toward the most important inputs at the moment. It has in particular been shown to be a key component of vision. In vision it has been argued that the attentional processes are crucial for dealing with the complexity of real world scenes. The problem has often been posed in terms of visual search tasks. It has been shown that both the use of prior task and context information- top-down influences- and favoring information that stands out clearly in the visual field- bottom-up influences- can make such search more efficient. In a generic scene analysis situation one presumably has a combination of these influences and a computational model for visual attention should therefore contain a mechanism for their integration. Such models are abundant for human vision, but relatively few attempts have been made to define any that apply to computer vision. In this article we describe a model that performs such a combination in a principled way. The system learns an optimal representation of the influences of task and context and thereby constructs a biased saliency map representing the top-down information. This map is combined with bottom-up saliency maps in a process evolving over time as a function over the input. The system is applied to search tasks in single images as well as in real scenes, in the latter case using an active vision system capable of shifting its gaze. The proposed model is shown to have desired qualities and to go beyond earlier proposed systems. 1
Activated Tyrosine Kinase Ack1 Promotes Prostate Tumorigenesis: Role of Ack1 in Polyubiquitination of Tumor Suppressor Wwox (2005)

Aberrant activation of tyrosine kinases is linked causally to human cancers. Activated Cdc42-associated kinase (Ack1), an intracellular tyrosine kinase, has primarily been studied for its signaling properties but has not been linked to specific pathologic conditions. Herein, we report that expression of activated Ack1 in LNCaP cells, while minimally increasing growth in culture, enhanced anchorage-independent growth in vitro and dramatically accelerated tumorigenesis in nude mice. Molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90beta (Hsp90beta)-bound Ack1 and treatment of cells with geldanamycin, a Hsp90 inhibitor, inhibited Ack1 kinase activity and suppressed tumorigenesis. Further, we identify the tumor suppressor WW domain containing oxidoreductase (Wwox) as an Ack1-interacting protein. Activated Ack1 tyrosine phosphorylated Wwox, leading to rapid dissociation of the Ack1-Wwox complex and concomitant Wwox polyubiquitination followed by degradation. Tyrosine phosphorylation of Wwox was critical for its degradation, as splice variant WwoxDelta5-8 that was not phosphorylated by Ack1 failed to undergo polyubiquitination and degradation. It has been reported that phosphorylation of Wwox at Tyr33 stimulated its proapoptotic activity. We observed that Y33F Wwox mutant was still tyrosine phosphorylated and polyubiquitinated by Ack1 action. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that activated Ack1 primarily phosphorylated Wwox at Tyr287, suggesting that phosphorylation of distinct tyrosine residues activate or degrade Wwox. Primary androgen-independent prostate tumors but not benign prostate showed increased tyrosine-phosphorylated Ack1 and decreased Wwox. Taken together, these data indicate that Ack1 stimulated prostate tumorigenesis in part by negatively regulating the proapoptotic tumor suppressor, Wwox. Further, these findings suggest that Ack1 could be a novel therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
One-dimensional ultrasound receive array using spectrally encoded optical detection (2004)

An ultrafast Ti:Sapphire laser and a Sagnac interferometer are combined for optical detection of ultrasound. Distinct spatial positions are probed simultaneously by different wavelengths within the broadband laser. Ultrasonic signals from each probe position are derived from the spectrum of the reflected light. The same single-mode fiber delivers incident and reflected light. A one-dimensional receive array is demonstrated by measuring the acoustic field of a spherically focused piezoelectric transducer. This is a promising form of parallel detection for miniaturized high-frequency ultrasonic arrays.
Piezoelectric materials for flexible and wearable electronics: A review (2021)

Self-powered devices and micro-sensors are in high demand for intelligent electronics and flexible wearables for applications in medical healthcare and human–computer interactive robotics. Flexible, stretchable, wearable and breathable high-sensitivity sensors that monitor signals from subtle changes in the environment provide solutions for personalized medical healthcare. In this article, we review the fundamental mechanisms, theoretical research, sensor fabrication methodologies, and applications of flexible piezoelectric materials. We focus on the flexibility and stretchability of inorganic, polymer, and bio-piezoelectric materials, explain their properties for physiological signal monitoring, motion detection, and force sensing. We provide an overview of the latest progress in piezoelectronics and piezoelectric photonics, the structures of devices, and self-powering technologies. We compared 10 types of polymers and composites with human skin in terms of elastic modulus and found that PLLA/PDMS, electro-spun PVDF, and ZnO/PVDF possess higher elastic modulus (50, 500, and 27900 MPa respectively) than human skin (18.8 MPa), thus being more suitable for wearable devices. In terms of electrical outputs of piezoelectric materials, polarized cast film has stronger piezoelectric property with output of 14–45.6 V than electro-spun filaments material (output 0.4–9 V). Future research and development should focus on increasing electrical performance while maintaining the required flexibility and durability.
ETIOLOGICAL AGENTS OF FUNGAL INFECTIONS IN PATIENTS AFTER SOLID ORGAN TRANSPLANTATIONS (SOT) - FUNGAL STRAINS AND THEIR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ANTIFUNGAL DRUGS. (2008)

Chmura, A2; Netsvyetayeva, I1; Swoboda-Kopec, E1; Kawecki, D1; Sikora, M1; Blachnio, S1; Stelmach, E1; Durlik, M3; Paczek, L4; Luczak, M1 Author Information
Compact pulse repetition rate multiplication scheme using micro ring resonator (2009)

High repetition rate stable short pulse sources play an important role in high speed optical communication systems. Besides developing a short pulse laser with very high fundamental repetition rate, the high repetition rate pulse train can also be obtained using various optical multiplication techniques, based on a Fabry-Pérot filter [1] or a fiber Bragg grating [2], for example. A more stable system may be achievable using an integrated component for multiplication. In this paper, a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) micro ring resonator with free spectral range (FSR) of 40.9 GHz at 1550 nm is used as a filter to obtain a 40 GHz pulse train. This device is compact and offers stable filtering characteristics.
Thermospheric meridional winds as deduced from ionosonde chain at low and equatorial latitudes and their connection with midnight temperature maximum (2008)

Multipoint ionosonde observation was conducted in Southeast Asia to study ionosphere‐thermosphere coupling. For this observation three ionosondes were installed along the magnetic meridian at 100°E (Southeast Asia Low‐latitude Ionospheric Network: SEALION); two of them were at magnetic conjugate points and the third was near the magnetic equator. The F layer virtual height, h′F, was scaled from nighttime ionograms obtained from September 2004 to August 2005, close to the solar minimum. The height variations at the three locations were used to derive thermospheric winds in the magnetic meridional plane for transequatorial and convergent/divergent components (with respect to the magnetic equator). During northern winter months, a prominent 6‐hr periodic variation of a transequatorial component was found. During northern summer months, a diurnal or semidiurnal variation was dominant. Convergent winds toward the magnetic equator were associated with the occurrence of the midnight temperature maximum at the latitudes between the two conjugate stations as observed by satellite instruments during the solstices. However, no clear evidence was found of abatement of the wind due to the pressure bulge associated with the midnight temperature maximum.