gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
4D Time-Lapse Seismic Monitoring in the South Timbalier 295 Field, Gulf of Mexico (1997)

Abstract We have imaged 4D seismic amplitude and impedance differences between 3D seismic surveys conducted in 1988, prior to production, and in 1994, when about half of the recoverable hydrocarbons had been produced, to attempt to quantify the variations in fluid saturations with time within turbidite reservoirs in a Gulf of Mexico oil field. The mission of this 4D seismic monitoring project was to develop the software tools and interpretation techniques 1) to isolate and interpret seismicchanges that have occurred in the field over time in terms of oil/gas/water changes in order to better understand the drainage of the field, and 2) to identify and locate bypassed pay. Two turbidite reservoirs of the South Timbalier 295 field, offshore Louisiana, Gulf of Mexico, provide contrasts in acoustic response that point to important lessons for 4D monitoring in other fields of the Gulf of Mexico. In the K-40reservoir, a "classic" updip water sweep pattern in the oil/water contact with time was deduced from the observation of the dimming of seismic amplitudes over time in this vigorous water-drive reservoir. A "finger" of dimmed seismic amplitudes that breaks updip of even the structurally highest perforations was observed between two of the producing wells. This finger may be related to sand quality and permeability pathways and/or to acoustic shadowing from brightening that occurred within the K-8/16 reservoir directly above. The K-40 sand is two-lobed, and our region growing analysis of 4D seismic changes suggests that water had migrated farther updip in the lower than in the upper lobe by 1994. In the K-8 reservoir sequence, complex depositional channeling appears to have isolated the sand from the regional aquifer system to produce a gas depletion drive reservoir. Volumetric region-growing about high seismic amplitude "seed" pointsproved very successful in mapping the turbidite fairways, but not in isolating the K-8 from the immediately underlying K-16 sand. Seismic differences between 1988 and 1994 indicate brightening over time occurred in the K-8 sand fairways, which is thought to be associated with increased exsolution of gas. A marked increase in GOR was observed between the times of the two seismic surveys in producing wells from the K-8 reservoir. Introduction The interpretation of drainage patterns and the tracking of the migration of oil, gas and water fronts in 4D, that is volumetrically with time, are valuable optimization tools for the economic development of producing oil and gas fields1. However, current production technology is predominantly 2D. Even when a 3D seismic survey is used, 2D map-based, interpretation "horizons" are derived and used by geologists, geophysicistsand, reservoir engineers, to plan and execute production decisions in virtually all currently active oil and gas fields. This process relies upon the accumulated experience-base of these integrated teams that use seismic, logging, pressure monitoring, and production histories to determine how oil, gas, and water move within reservoirs as production proceeds.
Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of Microcultured, Seedling, and Greenhouse–grown Asian White Birch (1986)

Abstract Anatomical and physiological comparisons were made between tissues of Betula platyphylla var. szechuanica (Schneid.) Rehd. (Asian white birch) obtained directly from microcultured shoots, from seedlings grown in a micro-culture-like environment, or from micropropagated plants grown in a greenhouse. The diminished stature of microcultured shoots resulted primarily from reduced cell division, although their leaves had reduced cell size as compared to shoots from greenhouse-grown plants. The area occupied by vascular tissue in midrib veins and petioles was significantly reduced in microcultured shoots as was the extent of the palisade layer, indicating that cell differentiation had also been altered. The photosynthetic capacity of leaves from microcultured shoots was less than half that of leaves from greenhouse-grown plants. However, this capacity was restored after non-in vitro rooting of the microcultured shoots. Unlike greenhouse-grown plants, photosynthetic rates of leaves from microcultured shoots were not influenced by decreasing light intensities from 1200 to 200 μmol·s −1 ·m −2 nor was the respiration rate strongly inhibited by cyanide. Seedlings from a high-humidity, microculture-like environment generally had characteristics intermediate between those of microcultured and greenhouse-grown tissues, indicating that the environment and not the juvenile state of the tissue was probably of overriding importance in influencing these trends.
A Multi-Platform In Situ Kinematic and Microphysical Analysis of a Hybrid Parallel–Trailing Stratiform Mesoscale Convective System (2022)

Abstract Parallel stratiform–type mesoscale convective systems (MCS) have been found to comprise less than 20% of the central U.S. MCSs, but parallel stratiform MCSs have been reviewed by few studies and only a handful have been sampled using airborne platforms. This study conducts a detailed review of the 11 May 2011 MCS that was observed during the Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment. In situ data from the University of North Dakota Cessna Citation II Weather Research Aircraft and the Oklahoma Mesonet are used in conjunction with radar reflectivity data and a multiple-Doppler wind retrieval to present an in-depth analysis of the kinematic and microphysical processes within this hybrid parallel–trailing stratiform MCS. Results suggest the MCS started with parallel stratiform characteristics and then developed trailing stratiform features over the course of a couple of hours such as leading line convection and the presence of rear inflow, which is a feature not observed in previous studies of parallel stratiform MCSs. Based on surface observations and multi-Doppler wind field retrievals, the cold pool influenced the 11 May 2011 MCS and may have helped it to transition toward the trailing stratiform mode. Within the stratiform region, in situ measurements show hydrometeor aggregation and sublimation occurring above the melting layer via a faster rate of decline in total hydrometer concentration compared to the total water content, the presence of a bimodal droplet size spectra, and increasing dispersion and decreasing slope, with respect to increasing temperature in both the unimodal and bimodal gamma distributions. Significance Statement The purpose of this study is to investigate the wind pattern of a nontypical type of thunderstorm complex. The wind pattern is found to be a combination of features from both a common type of thunderstorm complex and another less common type. The behavior of snowflakes as they fall through this thunderstorm was also investigated. The snowflakes in this storm grew bigger by linking up with other snowflakes as they fell down, and then melted before they reached the ground. It is hoped that results from this study are useful to future work to improve weather prediction.
Detection of damage in concrete using diffuse ultrasound (2010)

This letter demonstrates the potential for using diffuse ultrasound measurements to detect damage in concrete. Two different solutions to the diffusion equation, an infinite three-dimensional (3D) volume model that neglects geometric boundaries and a finite 3D cuboid model, are used for the required curve fitting procedure to determine the influence of geometric boundaries on the solution. The measurements consider two types of microcrack damage in concrete, alkali-silica reaction and thermal damage, and show that the measured diffusivity parameter is related to the amount of damage in each specimen.
Learning a Probabilistic Latent Space of Object Shapes via 3D Generative-Adversarial Modeling (2016)

We study the problem of 3D object generation. We propose a novel framework, namely 3D Generative Adversarial Network (3D-GAN), which generates 3D objects from a probabilistic space by leveraging recent advances in volumetric convolutional networks and generative adversarial nets. The benefits of our model are three-fold: first, the use of an adversarial criterion, instead of traditional heuristic criteria, enables the generator to capture object structure implicitly and to synthesize high-quality 3D objects; second, the generator establishes a mapping from a low-dimensional probabilistic space to the space of 3D objects, so that we can sample objects without a reference image or CAD models, and explore the 3D object manifold; third, the adversarial discriminator provides a powerful 3D shape descriptor which, learned without supervision, has wide applications in 3D object recognition. Experiments demonstrate that our method generates high-quality 3D objects, and our unsupervisedly learned features achieve impressive performance on 3D object recognition, comparable with those of supervised learning methods.
가족의 지원 및 가족친화적 조직 문화가 사무직 취업모의 일-가족 갈등에 미치는 영향 (2007)

The purposes of this study were to investigate the level of employed mothers` work-family conflict and to identify variables which were related with their work-family conflict. The research data were collected from 161 full-time mothers who had clerical jobs and under six years old child(ren). The major findings were as follows: First, the mothers reported a medium-high level of work-family conflict. In detail, shortage of time, fatigue, and general expectation of motherhood were the main reasons of their difficulties. Second, employed mothers` work-family conflict was significantly explained by family supportive work environment, instrumental support received from their families, and the number of children they had. These findings imply that the ways to alleviate work-family conflict and to balance work and family life.
The impact of capture on multihop wireless networks in an optimal rate control framework (2007)

We consider the end-to-end fair rate control problem in a multi-hop Aloha network with capture. Capture (also referred to as co-channel interference tolerance) occurs when a packet with a stronger signal strength can be correctly decoded at the receiver despite the presence of a weaker interfering signal. We provide an approximate model for the link capacity with capture and incorporate it into a cross-layer joint link/session rate optimization framework. We show that this is a convex optimization problem and then present a sub-gradient algorithm for realistic distributed implementation in a network. Through analysis and simulations, we quantify the improvement in performance obtained with capture. We find that the capture effect benefits primarily low-contention links and non-bottle-neck sessions. As a result, although capture provides significant improvements in the total throughput (sum rate), it seems to provide little improvement in the objective function (sum of the logarithm of the rates).
Modified maximum power point tracking technique based on fixed frequency model predictive control for PV applications (2014)

A novel Maximum Power Point Tracking Technique (MPPT) based on Fixed Frequency Model Predictive Control (FFMPC) for Photovoltaic (PV) is developed through this paper. The Proposed control system consists of two-stage. The first stage is a Modified Incremental Conductance (MIC) algorithm and the second stage is FFMPC. The proposed control system has some inherent features such as fast MP tracking under different environmental conditions, working at fixed frequency, and this gives the advantages of controlling the output quality and EMI, and smaller transient time. Switched Inductor Quadratic Boost Converter (SIQBC) is used as an interface stage for MPPT. SIQBC has very high gain with acceptable efficiency.
Opening, desulfurization, and hydrogenation of thiophene at iridium. An experimental study in a homogeneous phase (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOpening, desulfurization, and hydrogenation of thiophene at iridium. An experimental study in a homogeneous phaseClaudio Bianchini, Andrea Meli, Maurizio Peruzzini, Francesco Vizza, Piero Frediani, Veronica Herrera, and Roberto A. Sanchez-DelgadoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 7, 2731–2742Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00060a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00060a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views612Altmetric-Citations106LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Upper and lower bounds for tunneling splittings in a symmetric double-well potential (2020)

The accurate determination of tunneling splittings in chemistry and physics is an ongoing challenge. However, the widely used variational methods only provide upper bounds for the energy levels, and thus do not give bounds on the gap between them. Here, we show how the self-consistent lower bound theory developed previously can be applied to provide upper and lower bounds for tunneling splitting between symmetric and antisymmetric doublets in a symmetric double-well potential. The tight bounds are due to the very high accuracy of the lower bounds obtained for the energy levels, using the self-consistent lower bound theory. The accuracy of the lower bounds is comparable to that of the Ritz upper bounds. This is the first time that any theory gave upper and lower bounds to tunneling splittings.
Recent Advances and Future Perspectives for Reinforcement of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Denture Base Materials: A Literature Review (2018)

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is the most common material used to fabricate complete and partial dentures. Despite its desirable properties, it cannot fulfill all mechanical requirements of prosthesis. Flexural fatigue due to repeated masticatory and high-impact forces caused by dropping are the main causes of denture fractures. In the past, different reinforcing agents such as rubbers, macro fibers, and fillers have been employed to improve the mechanical properties of denture base resins. Development of Nano dentistry has introduced new approaches for reinforcement of dental materials. Interest in nanostructure materials is driven by their high surface area to volume ratio, which enhances interfacial interaction and specific new biological, physical, and chemical properties. Researchers to reinforce PMMA resins have used Nanoparticles (Nps) which were comprised of silver, Titania (TiO2), zirconia (ZrO2), alumina, and ceramic. Although different reports describe the use of nanofiber and nanotubes in dental composites, few studies have evaluated the reinforcement potential of nanofiber and nanotubes in PMMA denture base resins. The current article aims to review the different attempts to enhance the mechanical properties of denture base materials. We also focus on recent advances and potential future developments for reinforcement of the PMMA acrylic resins.
A study of info-communication technologies required in ITS networks (2002)

In ITS networks, users in vehicles expect that they are able to receive useful information at anytime, anywhere. It is supposed that the data traffics in ITS networks will increase in proportion to the number of vehicles accessing to the Internet or intranet through several wireless networks. Under the circumstances, followings are important issues in ITS networks.-How to provide seamless data communication to users in vehicle without user's explicit selection of a suitable wireless network D -How to achieve efficient and reliable data transfer to moving vehicles D. In this paper, we show an assumed ITS network model and describe our research activities to the requirements. Furthermore, we show issues of the connectivity between ITS networks and other networks, mainly the Internet.
Investigation on the Influence of Surface Roughness on the Moment Coefficient in a Rotor-Stator Cavity With Centripetal Through-Flow (2017)

In radial pumps and turbines, the leakage flow (centripetal through-flow) is quite common from the outer radius of the impeller to the impeller eye, which has major impact on frictional torque. There is still an uncertainty on the impact of surface roughness on the moment coefficient. Part of the 2D Daily&amp;Nece diagram where the flow is categorized into four regimes is extended into 3D with the third axis of through-flow coefficient by distinguishing the profiles of tangential velocity. After classifying the flow regimes with respect to the centripetal through-flow, two correlations are developed to predict the impact of the axial gap, the global Reynolds number, the through-flow coefficient and the surface roughness on the moment coefficient according to the experimental results for both regime III and regime IV. Using the proposed equations for the moment coefficient, the influence of the centripetal through-flow and surface roughness can be better considered when designing radial pumps and turbines.
Shortest path routing with reliability requirement in delay tolerant networks (2009)

The topology of a delay tolerant network (DTN) over time has been modeled by a space-time graph. However, the mobility of nodes, such as buses, may not be completely predictable due to factors such as traffic load, road condition, the number of passengers getting on and off the buses, and the operations of traffic lights. In this paper, we adapt the space-time graph by augmenting each horizontal edge with a direct contact probability to model the uncertainty of connectivity. With such an augmented space-time graph, our goal is to compute a shortest routing path satisfying a given end-to-end delivery reliability in a DTN. To facilitate such computation, we adapt the Floyd-Warshall algorithm to compute the maximum contact probability matrix at each time interval. By using an iterative matrix multiplication scheme on a maximum contact matrix, we can compute the shortest path satisfying the reliability constraint. Simulation results validate the performance of our solution which achieves a good balance between delay and reliability.
Visible reconstruction by a circular holographic display from digital holograms recorded under infrared illumination (2012)

A circular holographic display that consists of phase-only spatial light modulators is used to reconstruct images in visible light from digital holograms recorded under infrared (10.6 μm) illumination. The reconstruction yields a holographic digital video display of a three-dimensional ghostlike image of an object floating in space where observers can move and rotate around it.
The role of melanin in the antagonistic interaction between the apple scab pathogenVenturia inaequalisandMicrosphaeropsis ochracea (2002)

The objective of this study was to examine the role of melanin in the interaction between the mycoparasite Microsphaeropsis ochracea and the apple scab pathogen Venturia inaequalis. Melanin was extracted from the cell wall of the pathogen and its chemical and physical properties determined on the basis of biochemical tests and visible and infrared spectra. The physical and chemical characteristics of V inaequalis melanin were similar to the those of synthetic dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) melanin. Precursors of the four known melanin biosynthetic pathways were tested for their ability to restore the pigmentation of an albino strain of V inaequalis. Scytalone, an intermediate of the 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) pathway, was the only precursor to restore the dark-brown pigmentation. Tricyclazole and pyroquilon, two antipenetrant fungicides, specific inhibitors of DHN melanin synthesis in Pyricularia oryzae, were used to confirm the melanin pathway in V. inaequalis wild type. A reddish-brown pigment was obtained due to the accumulation of shunt products of the DHN melanin pathway instead of a dark-brown pigment, suggesting that the melanin extracted from V inaequalis was a DHN melanin. Furthermore, growth of an albino mutant of V. inaequalis on scytalone-amended medium resulted in the formation of dark granules similar to those seen in wild-type isolates. Transmission electron microscopic observations of M. ochracea grown in the presence of melanin showed that the granules accumulated gradually along fungal cell walls to form a uniform dark coating.
miR-129-2 mediates down-regulation of progesterone receptor in response to progesterone in breast cancer cells (2017)

miR-129-2 mediates down-regulation of PR in breast cancer cells in response to progesterone, while anti-miR-129-2 could potentiate PR expression levels among patients with inadequate PR levels. Thus, modulation of activity of miR-129-2 could stabilize PR expression and potentially improve response to hormonal therapy under adjuvant or neo-adjuvant settings.
Generation and Evolution of Spin-, Valley-, and Layer-Polarized Excited Carriers in Inversion-Symmetric WSe2 (2016)

We report the spin-selective optical excitation of carriers in inversion-symmetric bulk samples of the transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) WSe_{2}. Employing time- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (trARPES) and complementary time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), we observe spin-, valley-, and layer-polarized excited state populations upon excitation with circularly polarized pump pulses, followed by ultrafast (<100 fs) scattering of carriers towards the global minimum of the conduction band. TDDFT reveals the character of the conduction band, into which electrons are initially excited, to be two-dimensional and localized within individual layers, whereas at the minimum of the conduction band, states have a three-dimensional character, facilitating interlayer charge transfer. These results establish the optical control of coupled spin-, valley-, and layer-polarized states in centrosymmetric materials with locally broken symmetries and suggest the suitability of TMDC multilayer and heterostructure materials for valleytronic and spintronic device concepts.
Robust Heartbeat Detector Based on Weighted Correlation and Multichannel Input (2013)

The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a robust heartbeat detector for noisy electrocardiograms (ECGs) recorded with textile electrodes. The authors suggest a method based on weighted correlation in a multi-channel ECG to obtain a heartbeat detector. Signals were acquired during rest and at movements which simulate every day activities. From each recording a segment corresponding to a heartbeat was extracted and correlated with the whole signal. From the correlation data, heartbeat candidates were derived and weighted based on their variance similarity with the heartbeat model and previous heartbeats. Finally, the outputs of each channel were added to create the global output. The output was compared to the Pan Tompkins heartbeat detector. Results are promising for recordings at rest (sensitivity = 0.97, positive predictive value (PPV) = 0.97). For static muscle tension in the torso the results were much higher than the reference method (sensitivity = 0.77, PPV = 0.85). Corresponding values for the reference method were sensitivity = 0.96 and PPV = 0.95 at rest and sensitivity = 0.52 and PPV = 0.75 during muscle tension.