gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Generation and Detection of Sound Emitted by Aircraft Wake Vortices in Ground Effect (2005)

Abstract Sound recorded by the author in March 2002 at JFK International Airport shows that wake vortices in ground effect emit infrasound that is 1) more than 40 dB stronger than audible wake vortex sound; 2) substantially stronger than the infrasound component of wind noise and airport noise; and 3) comparable to, and often stronger than, the infrasound component of aircraft noise. Spectra and time plots of the magnitude of wake-vortex-generated sound are presented for aircraft landing on JFK runway 31R.
Natural variation in Fc glycosylation of HIV-specific antibodies impacts antiviral activity (2013)

While the induction of a neutralizing antibody response against HIV remains a daunting goal, data from both natural infection and vaccine-induced immune responses suggest that it may be possible to induce antibodies with enhanced Fc effector activity and improved antiviral control via vaccination. However, the specific features of naturally induced HIV-specific antibodies that allow for the potent recruitment of antiviral activity and the means by which these functions are regulated are poorly defined. Because antibody effector functions are critically dependent on antibody Fc domain glycosylation, we aimed to define the natural glycoforms associated with robust Fc-mediated antiviral activity. We demonstrate that spontaneous control of HIV and improved antiviral activity are associated with a dramatic shift in the global antibody-glycosylation profile toward agalactosylated glycoforms. HIV-specific antibodies exhibited an even greater frequency of agalactosylated, afucosylated, and asialylated glycans. These glycoforms were associated with enhanced Fc-mediated reduction of viral replication and enhanced Fc receptor binding and were consistent with transcriptional profiling of glycosyltransferases in peripheral B cells. These data suggest that B cell programs tune antibody glycosylation actively in an antigen-specific manner, potentially contributing to antiviral control during HIV infection.
Mutations in the new gene stIII of bacteriophage T4B suppressing the lysis defect of gene stII and a gene e mutant (1975)

Mutations of bacteriophage T4B were found which suppress the lysis defect of both gene stII mutants and gene e mutants. The suppressor mutations belong to a new gene, stIII, of phage T4B. Gene stIII is located on the genetic map of T4B between genes stI and e. stIII mutants sometimes form star plaques on Escherichia coli B. The latent period on E. coli 594, but not E. coli B, is shorter with stIII mutants than that with wild-type phage. The premature lysis of E. coli 594 infected with stIII phage does not depend on the expression of both stII+ and e+ function. StIII allele is dominant over the stIII+ with respect to both the ability to suppress the stII defect and the early lysis of infected E. coli 594 cultures.
Novel wavelength-selective tunable MOEMS devices based on a phase-matching pseudoresonance-enhanced design (2004)

The active layer is put out of the resonant cavity and placed on the top. Selectivity is maintained by introduction of a bottom mirror into the structure with which a phase-matching condition is established.
High voltage microelectromechanical systems platform for fully integrated, on-chip, vacuum electronic devices (2008)

We demonstrate a fully integrated, on-chip, vacuum microtriode capable of handling voltages up to 800V. The ability to operate at such high voltages is achieved by the addition of a 10μm thick silicon dioxide layer to the device. The device is fabricated using microelectromechanical systems fabrication principles and utilizes carbon nanotubes as field emitters. A dc amplification factor of 600 was obtained. This is the highest value reported for carbon nanotube-enabled microtriode devices. The high voltage capability of these microscale devices will enable their use in a wider variety of applications.
CCN1 Induces Oncostatin M Production in Osteoblasts via Integrin-Dependent Signal Pathways (2014)

Inflammatory response and articular destruction are common symptoms of osteoarthritis. Cysteine-rich 61 (CCN1 or Cyr61), a secreted protein from the CCN family, is associated with the extracellular matrix involved in many cellular activities like growth and differentiation. Yet the mechanism of CCN1 interacting with arthritic inflammatory response is unclear. This study finds CCN1 increasing expression of oncostatin m (OSM) in human osteoblastic cells. Pretreatment of αvβ3 monoclonal antibody and inhibitors of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), c-Src, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and NF-κB inhibited CCN1-induced OSM expression in osteoblastic cells. Stimulation of cells with CCN1 increased phosphorylation of FAK, c-Src, PI3K, and NF-κB via αvβ3 receptor; CCN1 treatment of osteoblasts increased NF-κB-luciferase activity and p65 binding to NF-κB element on OSM promoter. Results indicate CCN1 heightening OSM expression via αvβ3 receptor, FAK, c-Src, PI3K, and NF-κB signal pathway in osteoblastic cells, suggesting CCN1 as a novel target in arthritis treatment.
Rapid Algorithm Development Tools Applied to Engine Management Systems (1998)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Intense competition in the automotive industry requires continuous reduction in innovation cycle time, even as corporations are downsizing and system complexity is increasing. Subsequently, the application of recently introduced Rapid Algorithm Development (RAD) tools has facilitated significant advances in the development of embedded control systems. The RAD steps include system modeling, control algorithm design, simulation analysis, automated calibration design, and vehicle implementation through automatic code generation.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The application of RAD tools and the associated benefits are described, specifically in the context of Engine Management Systems (EMS). Such benefits include significant reductions in development cycle time, open architecture, automated calibration, and information reuse.&lt;/div&gt;
A collisional radiative model for mercury in high-current discharges (2000)

A collisional radiative model is presented for mercury discharges with electron temperatures between 0.75-2 eV and electron densities between 1018-1020 m-3. Such plasma parameters are encountered in a number of modern light sources, such as mercury-operated induction lamps and the compact fluorescent lamp. The analytical top model has been used, which allows the majority of the non-equilibrium levels to be taken into account implicitly. As a result, indirect ionization processes involving highly excited atomic mercury states are taken into account in spite of the relatively low number of levels (19) which has been considered. The influence of higher atomic mercury levels on the ionization rate coefficient has been carefully analysed, and has been found to contribute significantly. Furthermore, a consistent means of quantifying the production of radiation by the plasma will be presented by introducing the specific effective emissivities. These enable one to express the total radiated power in terms of the densities of the transport-dominated states and the electron density and temperature. These coefficients, as well as the net coefficients of ionization and recombination, will be presented and discussed, enabling their usage in plasma transport models.
A phase 2 study of a fixed combination of uracil and ftorafur (UFT) and leucovorin given orally in a 3‐times‐daily regimen to treat patients with recurrent metastatic breast cancer (2010)

The combination of UFT and leucovorin administered orally in a 3-times-daily regimen was found to have modest activity. Grade 3 toxicities were manageable with appropriate dose adjustments in patients with metastatic breast cancer previously treated with anthracyclines and/or taxanes.
A Class I MHC-Restricted Recall Response to a Viral Peptide Is Highly Polyclonal Despite Stringent CDR3 Selection: Implications for Establishing Memory T Cell Repertoires in “Real-World” Conditions (1998)

In this study, we analyze the recall response to influenza A matrix peptide M1(58-66) restricted by HLA-A2 in one individual and find a strict CDR3 selection as well as a high degree of polyclonality. The TCR beta-chain repertoire of memory T cells specific for this Ag system has been shown previously to be constrained by the use of the BV17 family and the I/sRS(A)/S amino acid motif in the CDR3 region. Our sequence analysis of BV17 TCR from a CTL line showed the repertoire to be highly polyclonal, as 95 distinct CDR3 sequences (clonotypes) were identified expressing this CDR3 motif. The clonotype frequencies showed a power law distribution with an extensive low-frequency tail. The clonotypes present in the high-frequency component of the distribution could be measured directly in the PBMC. This measurement showed that the relative frequencies of these clonotypes before stimulation were similar to their frequencies after culturing. Analysis of short-term cultures showed that the responding clonotypes have a similar ability to proliferate, which is independent of TCR beta-chain CDR3 sequence or precursor frequency. These data indicate that the memory T cell repertoire is composed of a surprisingly diverse set of T cell clonotypes with a limited potential for expansion. We propose that the high-frequency component represents T cells that have existed the longest. In keeping with this hypothesis, these clonotypes were measured over a 2-year period, during which their precursor frequency did not change.
Regulation of macrophage IL-12 synthesis by Leishmania phosphoglycans (1999)

It is now generally accepted that IFN-γ, secreted by Th1 cells, is the most potent cytokine leading to macrophage activation and host resistance against infection with the intracellular protozoan parasite Leishmania. It is also established that IL-12 is a critical cytokine involved in the differentiation and expansion of Th1 cells. Therefore, the ability of Leishmania parasites to actively suppress IL-12 production by host macrophages may be an important strategy for parasite survival. Here we report that a major parasite cell surface molecule, phosphoglycan (PG), of Leishmania could selectively inhibit the synthesis of IL-12(p40, p70) by activated murine macrophages. Furthermore, synthetic PG (sPG) was able to inhibit IL-12 release in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition was dependent on the galactose(β1-4)mannose(α1)-PO4 repeating units and not the glycophosphoinositol lipid anchor of lipophosphoglycan. At the concentration used, sPG had no effect on the release of TNF-α or IL-6 in activated macrophages. The inhibition of IL-12(p40) production was at the transcriptional level, but was not mediated through NFκB inhibition. These data demonstrate that PG may be an important molecule for the establishment and survival of the parasite in permissive hosts.
Quality Control Procedures and Baseline Values for Electroretinography, Perimetry, Color Vision, and Visual Acuity in an International Multicenter Study: Observations from a Safety Trial in Chronic Stable Angina Pectoris (2020)

Stringent quality control procedures and reliable reference values are indispensable prerequisites for informative clinical trials.
Design of a Printed Card Capacitor Read-Only Store (1966)

The Printed Card Capacitor Read-Only Store system is introduced as one of three Read-Only Store (ROS) technologies presently employed in the IBM System/360 computers. A detailed description is given of the elementary storage structure—a capacitor matrix with a novel arrangement for rapidly and economically changing the matrix configuration. The changeable element is an etched or printed Mylar card, prepared with standard IBM card-punch equipment. The assembly of storage structures into a compact 4032-word, 60-bit module is described. Considerations involved in the selection of matrix parameters are reviewed and a theoretical analysis of matrix performance is presented. It is shown that some of the limitations associated with a linear matrix are minimized by an incomplete integration of the matrix output. The impact on over-all ROS performance of factors external to the capacitor matrix is considered. These factors include the effects of a noisy drive system and the asymmetrical character of the matrix relative to the access circuitry. Computed and observed results are compared for typical System/360, Model 30 ROS operation. The actual matrix response amplitude is observed to be greater than the computed value due to the level of system background noise; however, computed and observed waveforms are otherwise in good agreement.
Applying Security Testing Techniques to Automotive Engineering (2019)

Over the past few decades, the automotive industry was mostly focused on testing the safety aspects of a vehicle. However, this was not the case with security testing as it only began to be addressed recently. As a result, multiple approaches applying various security testing techniques on different software-based vehicle IT components emerged. With that said, the research and practice lack an overview about these techniques. In this paper, we conduct a systematic mapping study. This involved the investigation on the following five dimensions: (1) security testing techniques, (2) AUTOSAR layers, (3) functional interfaces of AUTOSAR, (4) vehicle lifecycle phases and (5) attacks. In total, 39 papers presenting approaches for security testing in automotive engineering were systematically selected and classified. The results identify multiple security testing techniques focusing on early phases of vehicle life cycle through the application and services layer of the AUTOSAR architecture. Finally, there is a need for security regression testing approaches, as well as combined security and safety testing approaches.
Cutoff frequencies of circular waveguide loaded with eccentric dielectric cylinder (1997)

The cutoff frequencies of a conducting circular waveguide loaded eccentrically by a dielectric circular cylinder are calculated. Analytical formulations are developed based on the boundary value method. The cutoff wavenumbers are then calculated as roots of the resulting characteristic determinant. Even and odd hybrid modes are considered and the cutoff frequencies calculated for both cases. Several examples for special cases are introduced for comparison followed by other general examples. The case of a dielectric-filled circular waveguide with an eccentric air core is also examined.
Organic transition states. 6. Thermal decomposition of 1-pyrazolines (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganic transition states. 6. Thermal decomposition of 1-pyrazolinesPhilippe C. Hiberty and Yves JeanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 10, 2538–2543Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00504a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00504a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development and Characterization of Polylactide Blends with Improved Toughness by Reactive Extrusion with Lactic Acid Oligomers (2022)

In this work, we report the development and characterization of polylactide (PLA) blends with improved toughness by the addition of 10 wt.% lactic acid oligomers (OLA) and assess the feasibility of reactive extrusion (REX) and injection moulding to obtain high impact resistant injection moulded parts. To improve PLA/OLA interactions, two approaches are carried out. On the one hand, reactive extrusion of PLA/OLA with different dicumyl peroxide (DCP) concentrations is evaluated and, on the other hand, the effect of maleinized linseed oil (MLO) is studied. The effect of DCP and MLO content used in the reactive extrusion process is evaluated in terms of mechanical, thermal, dynamic mechanical, wetting and colour properties, as well as the morphology of the obtained materials. The impact strength of neat PLA (39.3 kJ/m<sup>2</sup>) was slightly improved up to 42.4 kJ/m<sup>2</sup> with 10 wt.% OLA. Nevertheless, reactive extrusion with 0.3 phr DCP (parts by weight of DCP per 100 parts by weight of PLA-OLA base blend 90:10) led to a noticeable higher impact strength of 51.7 kJ/m<sup>2</sup>, while the reactive extrusion with 6 phr MLO gave an even higher impact strength of 59.5 kJ/m<sup>2</sup>, thus giving evidence of the feasibility of these two approaches to overcome the intrinsic brittleness of PLA. Therefore, despite MLO being able to provide the highest impact strength, reactive extrusion with DCP led to high transparency, which could be an interesting feature in food packaging, for example. In any case, these two approaches represent environmentally friendly strategies to improve PLA toughness.
Review of machine learning methods in soft robotics (2021)

Soft robots have been extensively researched due to their flexible, deformable, and adaptive characteristics. However, compared to rigid robots, soft robots have issues in modeling, calibration, and control in that the innate characteristics of the soft materials can cause complex behaviors due to non-linearity and hysteresis. To overcome these limitations, recent studies have applied various approaches based on machine learning. This paper presents existing machine learning techniques in the soft robotic fields and categorizes the implementation of machine learning approaches in different soft robotic applications, which include soft sensors, soft actuators, and applications such as soft wearable robots. An analysis of the trends of different machine learning approaches with respect to different types of soft robot applications is presented; in addition to the current limitations in the research field, followed by a summary of the existing machine learning methods for soft robots.
Antioxidants of Apples (2004)

I n the United States and mostindustrialized countries, cardio-vascular disease and cancer are ranked as the leading causes of death. These diseases have been linked to lifestyle choices, one of the most important of which is diet. It has been estimated that eating a healthy diet could prevent 30 percent of all cancers. Many of us as children were told to “eat your vegetables because they are good for you, ” and the adage, “an apple a day keeps the doctor away ” is still quite popular. Recently, many studies have been providing scientific backing for both of these common phrases. Hundreds of epidemiological studies have been performed examining the effects of diet on health. Although not all studies show a link between fruits and vegetables and health, a majority of studies show a positive correlation between fruit and vegetable consumption and a reduced risk of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. Diet and Chronic Disease In the early 1990s, researchers examined well over a hundred epidemiological studies related to diet and cancer. In 128 of 156 dietary studies, fruits and vegetables were shown to have significant protective effect against a variety of different cancers (1). Researchers found that individuals who consumed small quantities of fruits and vegetables were twice as likely to get cancer compared to those who ate larger quantities of fruits and vegetables. Very recently, a study showed that high consumption of fruits and vegetables was also associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer in woman in China (2). Fruit and vegetable consumption also appears to have a protective effect against coronary heart disease (3). In this study, approximately 84,000 women were followed for 14 years and 42,000 men were followed for eight years. Researchers found that those who ate the greatest quantities of fruits and
Nanoscale NMR Spectroscopy using Self-Calibrating Nanodiamond Quantum\n Sensors (2019)

Conventional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy relies on\nacquiring signal from a macroscopic ensemble of molecules to gain information\nabout molecular structure and dynamics. Transferring this technique to\nnanoscale sample sizes would enable molecular analysis without the effects of\naveraging over spatial and temporal inhomogeneities and without the need for\nmacroscopic volumes of analyte, both inherent to large ensemble measurements.\nNanoscale NMR based on nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers inside bulk diamond chips\nachieves single nuclear spin sensitivity and the resolution required to\ndetermine chemical structure, but their detection volume is limited to a few\nnanometers above the diamond surface for the most sensitive devices. This\nprecludes them from use for nuclear spin sensing with nanoscale resolution\ninside thicker structures, such as cells. Here, we demonstrate the detection of\nNMR signals from multiple nuclear species in a (19 nm)3 volume using versatile\nNV-NMR devices inside nanodiamonds that have a typical 30 nm diameter. The\ndevices detect a signal generated by a small number of analyte molecules on the\norder of 1000. To use these devices in situ, the detected signal must be\ncorrected for the unknown geometry of each nanodiamond device. We show that\nsuch a calibration could be performed by exploiting the signal from a thin\nlayer of nuclei on the diamond surface. These results, combined with the low\ntoxicity of nanodiamonds and their amenability to surface functionalization,\nindicate that nanodiamond NV-NMR devices could become a useful tool for\nnanoscale NMR-based sensing inside living cells.\n
Speech and Hearing Science : Anatomy and Physiology (1968)

Most chapters begin with and conclude with Bibliography and Reading List. 1.Introduction and Orientation. Anatomical Nomenclature. Cells. Elementary Tissues. Organs. Systems. Speech Production. 2.Breathing. The Respiratory Passage. The Framework for the Breathing Mechanism. The Musculature of the Breathing Mechanism. The Mechanics of Breathing. 3.Phonation. The Supportive Framework of the Larynx. The Cartilaginous Framework of the Larynx. Membranes and Ligaments of the Larynx. The Interior of the Larynx. The Muscles of the Larynx. Methods of Investigation of Laryngeal Physiology. Laryngeal Physiology and the Mechanics of Phonation. 4.Articulation. The Skull. The Cavities of the Vocal Tract. The Articulators and Associated Structures. Contributions of the Articulators. 5.The Nervous System. Tools of the Trade. General Organization of the Nervous System. Functional Anatomy of the Central Nervous System. Functional Anatomy of the Peripheral Nervous System. The Structural and Functional Aspects of Neurons. Neural Pathways. Nervous Control of the Speech Mechanism. An Introduction to the Endocrine System. 6.Hearing. The Nature of Sound. The Ear. The Function of the Inner Ear. 7.Embryology of the Speech and Hearing Mechanism. Early Embryonic Development. Development of the Structures for Speech and Hearing. Development of the Nervous System. Development of the Inner Ear. 8.Circulation. The Circulatory System. General Features of the Cardiovascular System. Blood Supply for the Speech and Hearing Mechanism. Postscript. Glossary. Name Index. Subject Index.