gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator in a colonocyte cell line. (1992)

An anti-peptide antibody raised to the C-terminal sequence of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) was used to examine CFTR immunoreactivity in the T84 colonocyte cell line. Immunoblots of T84 cell lysates detected CFTR as a 170-kDa protein that appeared as a broad band or doublet in SDS/PAGE. This protein comigrated with the predominant immunoblot signal detected in human pancreas and colon. An equivalent protein was detected as a prominent substrate for protein kinase A and for protein kinase C in T84 cell immunoprecipitates with this antibody. The immunoprecipitated protein resembled the protein detected by immunoblot in that both proteins showed the same change in electrophoretic mobility after digestion by N-Glycanase. The precipitated protein was indentified as CFTR by two criteria. First, the same protein was immunoprecipitated with an antibody to a different CFTR peptide, [Lys102]CFTR-(102-116). Second, two-dimensional phosphopeptide mapping was used to compare the immunoprecipitated protein with a bacterially expressed protein known to contain most of the predicted protein kinase A phosphorylation sites in CFTR. Because the six most prominent peptides in each map were equivalent, these maps confirm that the precipitated protein is CFTR. By using these antibodies for immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase staining, CFTR was localized to the apical region of T84 cells grown in tumors and in monolayers. Thus, T84 cells express CFTR at sufficient levels to permit identification and immunochemical studies of this protein in its endogenously occurring form.
The MSM3000/sup TM/ dual-mode CDMA+AMPS ASIC: for increased functionality and standby time of handsets (2003)

The MSM3000 dual mode ASIC for digital baseband processing within CDMA cellular handsets is a significant leap forward in functionality. The improvements include an upgraded microprocessor, several standby time improvements, an upgraded vocoder DSP to allow for cost effective EVRC, and support for multiple code channel reception for packet data service speeds up to 86.4 kbps in the forward direction per new TIA standards.
Synthesis and Functionalization of Heteroatom-Bridged Bicyclocalixaromatics, Large Molecular Triangular Prisms with Electron-Rich and -Deficient Aromatic Interiors (2011)

The synthesis and functionalization of oxygen and nitrogen atom bridged bicyclocalixaromatics of triangular prism structures are reported. By means of a fragment coupling approach, molecular triangular prisms of electron-rich and electron-deficient aromatic interiors were prepared using 1,3,5-tri(p-hydroxyphenyl)benzene and 2,4,6-tri(p-aminophenyl)triazine as base units and chlorotriazines as pillars. Aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction of chlorotriazine moieties with functionalized amines led to triangular prisms with functionalizations on the peripheral edge positions, while functionalized triangular prisms on the vertex nitrogen positions were obtained using 2,4,6-tri[(p-allylamino)phenyl]triazine derivative as a starting material. Symmetrical and distorted molecular triangular prisms in the solid state were revealed by X-ray crystallography. As evidenced by NMR spectroscopic data, however, all cage molecules synthesized most probably adopted highly symmetric triangular prism structures in solution phase. The functionalized shape-persistent triangular prism structures might find applications in molecular recognition and in the construction of higher and more sophisticated molecular architectures in supramolecular chemistry.
Comparison of the Biodistribution of 225Ac and Radio-Lanthanides as Citrate Complexes (1990)

Abstract A method for production of 225Ac is described. Uranium oxide was irradiated with 650 MeV protons. The radium fraction was separated by precipitation with BaSO4, the isotopically pure 225Ac as daughter product was then isolated by means of cationexchange chromatography. The biological behaviour of 225Ac as a potential candidate for radionuclide tumor therapy is compared with the behaviour of other Me3+-citrate complexes. The actinium shows the faster blood clearance and highest liver uptake in rats and tumor-bearing mice. The tumor uptake is smaller in comparison to ytterbium as a representative for the heavy rare earth elements and slightly higher compared to promethium as representative for the light rare earth elements. In general the biodistribution of actinium is in good agreement with the radiums alteration of Me3+-ions. Keywords: actinium 225citratesion exchange chromatographyisotope productionradionuclide kineticsradiopharmaceuticalsrare earthsspallationtissue distributionuranium
Materials options for field-effect transistors (1981)

The evolution of monolithic high-speed digital and analog microwave field-effect transistor (FET) technologies is linked inextricably to synthesis, control, and understanding of the properties of the semiconducting binary, ternary, and quaternary III–V compounds. It is also linked to the application and use of ion implantation as a pivotal corollary process. Selection of a Schottky barrier, insulated-gated or heterojunction gate technology defines, in part, the options available in terms of the fundamental surface and interfacial properties of these compounds. Others concern electron transport processes under surface depletion, inversion and accumulation regimes, and the solution of metallurgical problems involved in the formation of ohmic and blocking contacts, the free carrier concentration and mobility profiles, and their stability as a function of process variables used to make such FET.
Hybrid Attention based Multimodal Network for Spoken Language Classification. (2018)

We examine the utility of linguistic content and vocal characteristics for multimodal deep learning in human spoken language understanding. We present a deep multimodal network with both feature attention and modality attention to classify utterance-level speech data. The proposed hybrid attention architecture helps the system focus on learning informative representations for both modality-specific feature extraction and model fusion. The experimental results show that our system achieves state-of-the-art or competitive results on three published multimodal datasets. We also demonstrated the effectiveness and generalization of our system on a medical speech dataset from an actual trauma scenario. Furthermore, we provided a detailed comparison and analysis of traditional approaches and deep learning methods on both feature extraction and fusion.
Primitive neuroectodermal tumor after radiation therapy for craniopharyngioma (2010)

The authors report a case of primitive neuroectodermal tumor induced by radiation therapy of craniopharyngioma. This African-American male patient originally presented with craniopharyngioma, for which he underwent resection and whole-brain radiation therapy. Eight years later, at the age of 20 years, he returned with a left facial droop and left hemiparesis. A right basal ganglia mass was identified and resected. Histopathological examination identified the lesion as primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Although radiation therapy has shown to be beneficial in decreasing the recurrence rate in subtotally resected craniopharyngioma, the risks of radiation treatment should be clearly communicated to the patients, their families, and neurosurgeons before starting such treatment. This report expands the spectrum of reported radiation-induced neoplasms in the CNS.
Dietary intakes in children born small for gestational age and appropriate for gestational age: A longitudinal study (2016)

Children born small for gestational age (SGA) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and associated risk factors in later life; however, little is known about their dietary intakes. The objective of this study was to assess dietary intakes in SGA and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) at 3.5, 7, and 11 years. The Auckland Birthweight Collaborative Study is a longitudinal case-control study of children born at term (n = 871). Children were assessed at 3.5 (n = 550), 7 (n = 591), and 11 (n = 620) years of age. Diet was assessed using a 24-hr record-assisted recall. Reported dietary intakes were analyzed and compared with the Australian and New Zealand Nutrient Reference Values. Compared with AGA, median energy intakes were significantly lower in SGA at 3.5 years (4.2 MJ [IQR, 3.0 to 5.8] vs. 5.4 MJ [IQR, 3.9 to 6.5]; p < .0001) but not at 7 and 11 years. Inadequate dietary intakes of micronutrients were more prevalent among SGA at 3.5 years and 11 years of age. A large proportion of SGA and AGA children consumed more than the recommended amounts of saturated fats, sugars, and sodium. There was no association of dietary intake and socio-demographic factors. This study reveals that dietary intake in 3.5-year-old children born SGA is lower in energy and a variety of micronutrients compared with dietary intake in AGA. These intakes may however be appropriate given their BMI z-scores. High intakes of sodium, saturated fat, and sugars are a concern for all children in this cohort.
Energy Portfolio Optimization of Data Centers (2016)

Data centers have diverse options to procure electricity. However, the current literature on exploiting these options is very fractured. Specifically, it is still not clear how utilizing one energy option may affect selecting other energy options. To address this open problem, we propose a unified energy portfolio optimization framework that takes into consideration a broad range of energy choices for data centers. Despite the complexity and nonlinearity of the original models, the proposed analysis boils down to solving tractable linear mixed-integer stochastic programs. Using experimental electricity market and Internet workload data, various insightful numerical observations are reported. It is shown that the key to link different energy options with different short- and long-term profit characteristics is to conduct risk management at different time horizons. Also, there is a direct relationship between data centers' service-level agreement parameters and their ability to exploit certain energy options. The use of on-site storage and the deployment of geographical workload distribution can particularly help data centers in utilizing high-risk energy choices, such as offering ancillary services or participating in wholesale electricity markets.
Progress in the development OF LEU fuel (2007)

New nuclear fuels are being developed to enable many of the most important research and test reactors worldwide to convert from high enriched uranium (HEU) fuels to low enriched uranium (LEU) fuels without significant loss in performance. The development work is an international effort lead by the US RERTR program under the NNSA's GTRI. Initial testing (circa 2003) demonstrated that the unexpected tendency of U-Mo fuels dispersed in aluminum toward unstable swelling (pillowing) under high-power conditions. Technical investigations were initiated worldwide at this time by the partners (including Argentina, Canada, France, South Korea and Russia) understand this behaviour as well as to develop and test remedies. This paper gives an overview of the current status of U-Mo fuel development, including basic research results, manufacturing aspects, and the results of the latest irradiations and post irradiation examinations. (authors)
A systematic review on the validity and reliability of tape measurement method in leg length discrepancy (2019)

Tape measurement is a simple, affordable, and non-invasive method to evaluate limb length inequality in healthy people with leg length discrepancy more than 5 mm. The validity and reliability of this method decreased in obese people and in those with orthopedic disorder.
Backbone Dynamics of the A-Domain of HMG1 As Studied by 15N NMR Spectroscopy (1995)

The HMG-box sequence motif (approximately 80 residues) occurs in a number of abundant eukaryotic chromosomal proteins such as HMG1, which binds DNA without sequence specificity, but with "structure specificity", as well as in several sequence-specific transcription factors. HMG1 has two such boxes, A and B, which show approximately 30% sequence identity, and an acidic C-terminal tail. The boxes are responsible for the ability of the protein to bend DNA and bind to bent or distorted DNA. The structure of the HMG box has been determined by NMR spectroscopy for the B-domain of HMG1 [Weir et al. (1993) EMBO J. 12, 1311-1319; Read et al. (1993) Nucleic Acids Res. 21, 3427-3436) and for Drosophila HMG-D (Jones et al. (1994) Structure 2, 609-627]. It has an unusual twisted L-shape, suggesting that the protein might tumble anisotropically in solution. In this paper we report studies of the A-domain from HMG1 using 15N NMR spectroscopy which show that the backbone dynamics of the protein can be described by two different rotational correlation times of 9.0 +/- 0.5 and 10.8 +/- 0.5 ns. We show that the relaxation data can be analyzed by assuming that the protein is a rigid, axially symmetric ellipsoid undergoing anisotropic rotational diffusion; the global rotational diffusion constants, D parallel and D perpendicular, were estimated as 2.47 x 10(7) and 1.49 x 10(7) s-1, respectively. By estimating the angle between the amide bond vectors and the major axis of the rotational diffusion tensor from the family of structures determined by NMR spectroscopy [see accompanying paper, Hardman et al. (1995) Biochemistry 34, 16596-16607], we were able to show that the ellipsoid spectral density equation can reproduce the major features of the 15N T1 and T2 profiles of the three helices in the HMG1 A-domain. The backbone dynamics of the A-domain were then compared with those of the B-domain and the HMG box from HMG-D. This comparison strongly supported the differences observed in the orientation of helix I in the three structures, where the B-domain appears to be more similar to HMG-D than it is to the A-domain. These differences may turn out to be related to subtle differences in the DNA-binding properties of the A- and B-domains of HMG1.
Pulsed plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of fluorocarbon thin films for dielectric applications (1999)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 1999.
Crystallographic refinement of human serum retinol binding protein at 2Å resolution (1990)

Human serum retinol binding protein (RBP) in complex with retinol has been crystallographically refined to an R-factor of 18.1% with 2A resolution data. The protein topology results in an anti-parallel beta-barrel that encapsulates the retinol ligand. A detailed description of the protein and the binding site is provided. Our structural work has helped to define a family of proteins, many of which are carrier proteins for smaller ligand molecules. We describe the structural basis for the conservation of sequence within the family.
Analysis of the energy consumption of supercritical water desalination (SCWD) (2019)

An experimental and modelling study was done to investigate supercritical water desalination (SCWD) with respect to energy consumption as a function of the NaCl concentration (0 to 20 wt%). Pilot plant experiments were performed for different flow rates and feed concentrations, and used for the validation of the thermodynamic models (eNRTL and Anderko &amp; Pitzer) employed for phase equilibria and enthalpy calculations. Experimental and modelling results showed that the lowered heat capacity of the feed streams, while increasing the concentration from 0 to 7 wt%, leads to improved performance of the feed - supercritical water (SCW) heat exchanger (HEX), evident from a higher feed outlet temperature. For concentrations of ≥14 wt%, pre-heating of the feed, prior to the HEX, is recommended due to the decrease in the SCW recovery in the SCW-brine separator. The calculated duty, of the heater bringing the heat-exchanged feed to the separation temperature, decreases with NaCl concentration due to the decrease in the feed heat capacity. The calculated overall energy consumption of SCWD was between 0.71 and 0.90 MJ<sub>th</sub>/kg<sub>feed</sub>. For higher concentration feeds, the energy input is divided between low – and high quality (temperature) heat.
Bacterial toxin colicin N-T domain structure changes to ordered state upon binding C-terminal domain of TolA (2014)

Colicin N is a bacterial toxin that kills Escherichia coli and related cells. Its mode of action is of interest in protein import and toxicology. Colicin N translocates across the E. coli outer membrane and periplasm by interacting with several receptors. The translocation process involves the interaction of the colicin N with the outer membrane porin OmpF and subsequently with the integral membrane protein TolA. The N-terminal domain of colicin N is involved in the import process. TolA consists of 3 domains. The N-terminal domain of colicin N interacts with the C-terminal domain of TolA at later stages of the translocation process. Our aim was to produce a large quantity of colicin N T-domains for spectroscopic and crystallization studies. These both require a correctly folded and stable protein. Here we present an expression of the complex between the N-terminal domain of colicin N and the C-terminal domain of TolA obtained by fusing these 2 domains with a flexible linker. Circular dichroism spectroscopy studies indicated that unstructured bacterial toxin colicin N T-domains changed to an ordered state upon binding to the C-terminal domain of TolA; this fusion protein has a secondary and tertiary structure.
Misexpression of Pou3f1 Results in Peripheral Nerve Hypomyelination and Axonal Loss (2007)

Pou3f1/SCIP/Oct-6 is a POU-domain transcription factor that is an important regulator of peripheral nerve myelination by Schwann cells. Pou3f1-deficient mice experience a developmental delay in myelination indicating that transient induction of Pou3f1 is required for normal development of peripheral myelin. The mechanism by which Pou3f1 regulates myelination is unclear, because it can both increase expression of Egr2, a transcription factor that promotes the myelination program, and also repress the promoters of specific myelin genes such as myelin protein zero (MPZ) and myelin basic protein (MBP). Therefore, to investigate the effects of persistent Pou3f1 expression on peripheral nerve myelination, we created a conditional transgenic mouse [condPou3f1:MPZ(Cre)] that constitutively expresses Pou3f1 specifically in peripheral glia. Examination of sciatic nerves from condPou3f1:MPZ(Cre) mice revealed persistent hypomyelination and eventual axonal loss but no evidence of demyelination/remyelination processes or impaired Schwann cell proliferation. Nerves from these mice had normal levels of Egr2 mRNA but decreased levels of MPZ, MBP, and Pmp22 mRNA. Thus, unlike the Pou3f1 null mice, the condPou3f1:MPZ(Cre) mice exhibit persistent hypomyelination, indicating that strict control of Pou3f1 expression is critical to proper myelination. Our findings establish the importance of identifying factor(s) responsible for Pou3f1 downregulation during myelination, because they may play important roles in the development of peripheral neuropathies.
Size-effect experiments on concrete in compression (2003)

It is well known from literature that heterogeneous granular materials exhibit a size effect under tensile loading. Thus, the strength determined in experiments is not a material property. Some experiments have been performed regarding the size effect in tension where as very few experiments have been performed in compression. However, compressive loading of concrete is more important because concrete is applied in structural systems to carry load in compression and not in tension. Furthermore, a compressive failure in a load-carrying member is more brittle, and in most cases more dangerous, than a tensile failure. Experimental investigations on the size effect are therefore needed. Experiments from literature on column-like specimens under compressive loading were performed up to a size range of 1 : 4. The size range of a series of geometrically equal specimens is given by the amplification factor of a characteristic dimension from the smallest to the largest specimen size. Obviously large size ranges are advantageous for experimental studies on size effect. The largest size range (1 : 16) of experiments on concrete under compressive loading carried out so far will be presented in this paper. This series was performed in one of the largest testing facilities available. A size effect on nominal strength was detected. The results are compared with the two most common size-effect laws.
Influence of Stressors on Normal Intestinal Microbiota, Intestinal Morphology, and Susceptibility to Salmonella Enteritidis Colonization in Broilers (2008)

In modern poultry production systems, environmental stressors may influence bird performance and susceptibility to pathogens such as Salmonella Enteritidis. Experiments were conducted to determine the influence of 24-h feed withdrawal and 24-h exposure to high temperature (30 degrees C) on intestinal characteristics of broilers. Attachment of Salmonella Enteritidis to ileal tissue was determined using an in vitro ileal loop assay. Changes in commensal intestinal microbial populations were determined using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, and alterations in ileal morphology were determined histologically. Ex vivo attachment of Salmonella Enteritidis to ileal tissues increased by 1.5 logs (9.05 log10 vs. 7.59 log (10) Salmonella Enteritidis/g of ileal tissue; P = 0.0006) in broilers fasted for 24 h. Similarly, ileal tissues from birds subjected to 30 degrees C for 24 h had increased ex vivo attachment of Salmonella Enteritidis (8.77 log(10) vs. 8.50 log(10) Salmonella Enteritidis/g of ileum; P = 0.01) compared with birds held at 23 degrees C. Exposure to 30 degrees C for 24 h also altered microbial community structure in the ileum and cecum. Subjecting birds to 30 degrees C for 24 h reduced crypt depth (6.0 vs. 7.8 microm, respectively; P = 0.002), but had no effect on villus height or villus:crypt ratio. This research shows that acute stressors in poultry production systems can cause changes in the normal intestinal microbiota and epithelial structure, which may lead to increased attachment of Salmonella Enteritidis.
Main memory latency simulation (2018)

The community accepted the need for a detailed simulation of main memory. Currently, the CPU simulators are usually coupled with the cycle-accurate main memory simulators. However, coupling CPU and memory simulators is not a straight-forward task because some pieces of the circuitry between the last level cache and the memory DIMMs could be easily overlooked and therefore not accounted for.
Effect of an alkyl substituted in salen ligands on 1,4‐Cis selectivity and molecular weight control in the polymerization of 1,3‐butadiene with (salen)Co(II) complexes in combination with methylaluminoxane (2006)

Abstract The effect of an alkyl substituted in the aromatic ring of the salen ligand on the polymerization of butadiene (Bd) with (salen)Co(II) complexes in combination with methylaluminoxane (MAO) was investigated. The activity for the polymerization of Bd was influenced significantly by the introduction of alkyl groups at the 3,3′,5,5′‐positions in the aromatic ring of the salen ligand, and both the polymerization rate and 1,4‐cis contents increased in the following order with respect to the alkyl group: H &lt; CH 3 &lt; t ‐C 4 H 9 . This is in good agreement with the bulkiness of the alkyl groups. The activity for the polymerization of the (salen)Co(II) complex possessing t ‐C 4 H 9 at the 3,3′‐positions was higher than that of the (salen)Co(II) bearing t ‐C 4 H 9 at the 5,5′‐positions. Thus, the introduction of bulky substituents at the 3,3′‐positions of the salen ligand was an important factor in achieving both high activity and high 1,4‐cis selectivity in the polymerization of Bd with (salen)Co(II) complexes in combination with MAO. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 4088–4094, 2006