gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Certificateless short sequential and broadcast multisignature schemes using elliptic curve bilinear pairings (2013)

Several certificateless short signature and multisignature schemes based on traditional public key infrastructure (PKI) or identity-based cryptosystem (IBC) have been proposed in the literature; however, no certificateless short sequential (or serial) multisignature (CL-SSMS) or short broadcast (or parallel) multisignature (CL-SBMS) schemes have been proposed. In this paper, we propose two such new CL-SSMS and CL-SBMS schemes based on elliptic curve bilinear pairing. Like any certificateless public key cryptosystem (CL-PKC), the proposed schemes are free from the public key certificate management burden and the private key escrow problem as found in PKI- and IBC-based cryptosystems, respectively. In addition, the requirements of the expected security level and the fixed length signature with constant verification time have been achieved in our schemes. The schemes are communication efficient as the length of the multisignature is equivalent to a single elliptic curve point and thus become the shortest possible multisignature scheme. The proposed schemes are then suitable for communication systems having resource constrained devices such as PDAs, mobile phones, RFID chips, and sensors where the communication bandwidth, battery life, computing power and storage space are limited.
Non-fullerene Acceptors for Harvesting Excitons from Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes (2019)

Semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (s-SWCNTs) are promising materials for solar energy conversion and photodetectors. Fullerenes and their derivatives, being widely employed as electron acceptors in s-SWCNT photovoltaic devices, effectively dissociate s-SWCNT excitons by forming heterojunctions with favorable energetic offsets. However, their limited tunability and poor co-processability with s-SWCNTs in blends have been major obstacles for further improving the device performance. Here, we investigate the exciton dissociating capability of a series of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) based on indacenodithiophene and perylene diimides, by measuring internal quantum efficiency (QE) for exciton dissociation and electron transfer in bilayer s-SWCNT/NFA devices. A maximum internal QE of ∼50% is achieved with a (6,5) s-SWCNT/indacenodithiophene-based acceptor heterojunction. Our results indicate that non-fullerene acceptors with deeper electron affinities could potentially replace traditional fullerene acceptors in s-SWCNT photovoltaic devices.
A theoretical and experimental study of the hyperbolic electron mirror (2000)

A study of the hyperbolic electrostatic electron mirror is presented. The focal properties of the mirror are determined both theoretically and experimentally. In the theoretical study the mirror field is formed between a positive hyperbolic potential surface and the negative asymptotic cone of half angle arctan 1:2 [square root of 2]. The focal properties are obtained from the solutions of the equations for the radial and axial motions of the electron in the mirror field. The analysis includes the effect of an axial aperture (for entrance and exit of electrons) in the positive surface. The paraxial values of focal length arid focal distance and their second order spherical aberrations are calculated by expanding the expressions for the focal properties in terms of the incident radial height. The mirror field in the experimental study is formed between a similar negative electrode and a flat apertured positive electrode. The experimental values of the focal properties are determined by a ray tracing method in which the pattern of shadows cast by a grid in the incident and reflected beams is analyzed. Comparison of the experimentally measured and the theoretically calculated focal properties shows satisfactory agreement. The mirror exhibits over-corrected spherical aberration in certain ranges of its operation which suggests its use to improve the resolution limit of electron optical devices.
Fluorescence based temperature measurements and applications to real‐time polymer processing (2001)

Abstract We have used temperature sensitive fluorescent dyes, doped into polymer resins, to monitor the true resin temperature during extrusion processing. Two types of temperature sensitive fluorescent dyes were used: mobility dyes and fluorescence band definition dyes. When mixed with the resin at dopant concentrations, the fluorescent dye resides in a molecular neighborhood composed of resin molecules. Under these circumstances, its fluorescence spectrum reflects the resin temperature in its neighborhood. We apply this measurement concept to extrusion processing by using an optical sensor that accesses the machine at standard instrumentation ports. We show that, under processing conditions, the true resin temperature is significantly different from The machine temperature. Two examples of real‐time process monitoring arc presented: first, the effects of shear heating during extrusion were measured, and second, the effects of poor temperature control during extrusion were observed. The effects due to pressure on the fluorescence temperature measurements are examined. The fluorescence temperature measurements are compared to melt temperature thermocouple measurements.
Fiber-modified Adenoviruses for Targeted Gene Therapy (2008)

Human adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) has been widely explored as a gene delivery vector. To achieve highly efficient and specific gene delivery, it is often necessary to re-direct Ad5 tropism. Because the capsid protein fiber plays an essential role in directing Ad5 infection, our laboratory attempted to re-target Ad5 through fiber modification. We have developed two strategies in this regard. One is a bi-specific adaptor protein strategy, in which the adaptor protein is designed to bind both the Ad5 fiber and an alternative cell-surface receptor. Another is genetic modification, in which alternative targeting motifs are genetically incorporated into the fiber knob domain so that the Ad5 vectors can infect cells through the alternative receptors. In this chapter, we will focus on the genetic fiber modification strategy and provide a detailed protocol for generation of fiber-modified Ad5 vectors. A series of techniques/procedures used in our laboratory will be described, which include the generation of fiber-modified Ad5 genome by homologous recombination in a bacterial system, rescuing the modified Ad5 viruses, virus amplification and purification, and virus titration.
Plasmon Enhancement Mechanism for the Upconversion Processes in NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ Nanoparticles: Maxwell versus Förster (2014)

Rare-earth activated upconversion materials are receiving renewed attention for their potential applications in bioimaging and solar energy conversion. To enhance the upconversion efficiency, surface plasmon has been employed but the reported enhancements vary widely and the exact enhancement mechanisms are not clearly understood. In this study, we synthesized upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) coated with amphiphilic polymer which makes UCNPs water soluble and negatively charged. We then designed and fabricated a silver nanograting on which three monolayers of UCNPs were deposited by polyelectrolyte-mediated layer-by-layer deposition technique. The final structures exhibited surface plasmon resonance at the absorption wavelength of UCNP. The green and red photoluminescence intensity of UCNPs on nanograting was up to 16 and 39 times higher than the reference sample deposited on flat silver film, respectively. A thorough analysis of rate equations showed that the enhancement was due entirely to absorption enhancement in the strong excitation regime, while the enhancement of both absorption and Förster energy transfer contribute in the weak excitation regime. The Purcell factor was found to be small and unimportant because the fast nonradiative decay dominates the relaxation process. From the experimentally observed enhancements, we concluded 3.1× and 1.7× enhancements for absorption and Förster energy transfer, respectively. This study clearly shows the plasmon enhancement mechanism and its excitation power dependence. It provides the basis for comparison of the enhancements of various plasmonic UCNP systems in the literature. It also lays the foundation for rational design of optical plasmonic structures for upconversion enhancement.
Preparation, Structure, and Properties of Thermally and Mechanically Improved Aluminum Titanate Ceramics Doped with Alkali Feldspar (2002)

Aluminum titanate (AT) ceramic materials doped with alkali feldspar ((Na 0.6 K 0.4 )AlSi 3 O 8 ) have been prepared. These ceramics exhibited high sinterability, large resistance to thermal decomposition, and large flexure strength. The existence of liquid‐phase feldspar at sintering temperatures promoted the formation of AT ceramics as the sintering agent. It was considered that silicon ions substituting for aluminum ions at the surface of AT crystal grains lowered the surface energy and hindered the diffusion of Ti 4+ and Al 3+ , giving rise to the large resistance to thermal decomposition. As a result, doping with alkali feldspar was found to effectively improve the mechanical and thermal properties of AT ceramics.
Triade terribile del gomito: confronto tra le opzioni di trattamento e risultati a medio termine. (2017)

Introduzione: La triade terribile è descritta come la combinazione&#13;\ndi una lussazione posteriore di gomito associata alla frattura&#13;\ndel capitello radiale e della coronoide. Sono possibili trattamenti&#13;\nconservativi o chirurgici che includono la rimozione dei frammenti,&#13;\nl’osteosintesi o la sostituzione protesica del capitello, l’osteosintesi&#13;\ndella coronoide e la riparazione legamentosa. Scopo dello&#13;\nstudio è stato verificare i risultati a medio termine dei trattamenti&#13;\nproposti.&#13;\nMateriali e Metodi: 28 pazienti con diagnosi di triade terribile&#13;\nsono stati trattati chirurgicamente nell’arco di 5 anni: 16 donne&#13;\ne 12 uomini con un’età media di 52 anni (range, 13-81). I pazienti&#13;\nsono stati valutati clinicamente e con questionari dedicati&#13;\nad un follow-up medio di 37.3 mesi (range, 9-72). Eventuali&#13;\ncomplicazioni e la necessità di un secondo intervento sono state&#13;\ndocumentate. L’analisi dei dati è stata eseguita con software dedicato.&#13;\nRisultati: Ad un follow-up medio di circa 3 anni, dal confronto&#13;\ntra i trattamenti proposti, è risultato che i pazienti sottoposti a&#13;\nsostituzione protesica del capitello presentano risultati funzionali&#13;\nmigliori. In un caso si è proceduto alla rimozione della componente&#13;\nprotesica. Nel gruppo sottoposto ad osteosintesi l’incidenza&#13;\ndi calcificazioni ed artrosi a distanza è più alto e in due&#13;\ncasi è stato necessario un intervento di artrolisi per non aderenza&#13;\ndel paziente al programma riabilitativo proposto.&#13;\nDiscussione: Il trattamento della triade terribile ha come obiettivo&#13;\nun’articolazione stabile, pur con una soddisfacente articolarità.&#13;\nDiversi studi hanno valutato le opzioni terapeutiche per individuare&#13;\nil trattamento ottimale della triade terribile. La prevalenza&#13;\ndi sostituzione protesica del capitello radiale è aumentata negli&#13;\nultimi anni, con una più rapida ripresa e migliori risultati funzionali.&#13;\nSebbene a medio termine non si evidenzino differenze significative&#13;\ndell’articolarità, il tasso di complicazioni e di insorgenza di&#13;\nartrosi è maggiore nel gruppo osteosintesi.&#13;\nConclusioni: Ad un follow-up medio la sostituzione protesica&#13;\ndel capitello è associata a risultati clinici e funzionali migliori rispetto&#13;\nall’osteosintesi, con una più rapida ripresa delle normali&#13;\nattività quotidiane e con una bassa incidenza di complicanze e&#13;\npertanto, potrebbe rappresentare il trattamento ottimale. Tuttavia&#13;\ni risultati e la soddisfazione necessitano di una valutazione a&#13;\nlungo termine.
Fibroblasts isolated from the malignant melanoma influence phenotype of normal human keratinocytes (2015)

Intercellular interactions are able to influence the biological properties of many types of tumors including malignant melanoma. Differentiation pattern of melanoma cells is significantly influenced by the melanoma-associated fibroblasts but the information about interaction of these cells with other important element of melanoma microenvironment, resp. with keratinocytes, is limited. In this, study we tested the effect of fibroblasts isolated from malignant melanoma on phenotype of normal human keratinocytes, especially on their expression of vimentin, a cytoskeletal protein weakly expressed in normal human keratinocytes. The co-culture with normal dermal fibroblasts was used for comparison. The results demonstrated the high expression of vimentin in keratinocytes co-cultured with melanoma-associated fibroblasts compared with those co-cultured with normal dermal fibroblasts. These data suggest participation of melanoma-associated fibroblasts-keratinocyte crosstalk in formation of melanoma niche.
Students using mobile phones in the classroom: Can the phones increase content learning (2012)

A study was conducted at a high-performing school in Southern California to explore the effects on learning content from students using their own smart phones in and out of the classroom. The study used a Switching Replications design format which allowed two independent analyses of posttest scores between a group using e-flash cards on smart phones and a group using paper flash cards. Quantitative data was collected via two tailed, t-tests and qualitative data was collected through observations and interviews. Results suggest that knowledge level learning may be increased with mobile phone use, but no effect on comprehension level learning was found. Students found the phones to be convenient in accessing flash cards anytime and anywhere. Enthusiasm for using the phones in class while initially high waned over the 1 month study duration. Students perceived the phones to not be a significant source of distraction outside of class.
Impact of persistent D-Dimer elevation following recovery from COVID-19 (2021)

Elevated D-dimer is known as predictor for severity of SARS-CoV2-infection. Thereby, elevated D-dimer is associated with thromboembolic complications, but it is also a direct consequence of the acute lung injury seen in COVID-19 pneumonia. To evaluate the rate of persistent elevated D-dimer and its association with thromboembolic complications and persistent ground glass opacities (GGO) after recovery from COVID-19. In this post hoc analysis of a prospective multicenter trial, patients underwent blood sampling, measurement of diffusion capacity, blood gas analysis and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scan following COVID-19. In case of increased D-dimer (>0,5 µg/ml), an additional contrast medium-enhanced CT was performed in absence of contraindications. Results were compared between patients with persistent D-dimer elevation and patients with normal D-dimer. 129 patients (median age 48.8 years; range 19-91 years) underwent D-Dimer assessment after a median (IQR) of 94 days (64-130) following COVID-19. D-dimer elevation was found in 15% (19/129) and was significantly more common in patients who had experienced a severe SARS-CoV2 infection that had required hospitalisation compared to patients with mild disease (p=0.049). Contrast-medium CT (n=15) revealed an acute pulmonary embolism in one and CTEPH in another patient. A significant lower mean pO2 (p=0.015) and AaDO2 (p=0.043) were observed in patients with persistent D-Dimer elevation, but the rate of GGO were similar in both patient groups (p=0.33) In 15% of the patients recovered from COVID-19, persistent D-dimer elevation was observed after a median of 3 months following COVID-19. Those had a more severe COVID and still a lower mean pO2 and AaDO2.
Antifungal drug resistance mechanisms in fungal pathogens from the perspective of transcriptional gene regulation (2009)

Fungi are primitive eukaryotes and have adapted to a variety of niches during evolution. Some fungal species may interact with other life forms (plants, insects, mammals), but are considered as pathogens when they cause mild to severe diseases. Chemical control strategies have emerged with the development of several drugs with antifungal activity against pathogenic fungi. Antifungal agents have demonstrated their efficacy by improving patient health in medicine. However, fungi have counteracted antifungal agents in several cases by developing resistance mechanisms. These mechanisms rely on drug resistance genes including multidrug transporters and drug targets. Their regulation is crucial for the development of antifungal drug resistance and therefore transcriptional factors critical for their regulation are being characterized. Recent genome-wide studies have revealed complex regulatory circuits involving these genetic and transcriptional regulators. Here, we review the current understanding of the transcriptional regulation of drug resistance genes from several fungal pathogens including Candida and Aspergillus species.
Cryoglobulinemia vasculitis (2015)

la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publis ou non, manant des tablissements d'enseignement et de recherche franais ou trangers, des laboratoires publics ou privs.
Immunohistochemical analysis of human neuronectin expression in normal, reactive, and neoplastic tissues. (1989)

Neuronectin (NEC1) is a human extracellular matrix protein of central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma found throughout the white matter of rostral brain segments (telencephalon, diencephalon, some areas of mesencephalon), but not in rostral CNS gray matter, most areas of mesencephalon, pons, cerebellum, medulla, spinal cord, or peripheral nerves. The present immunohistochemical study, using two monoclonal antibodies to distinct epitopes on the NEC1 molecule, examined NEC1 expression in normal non-neural tissues, malignant tumors of diverse histological types, non-malignant skin lesions, and dermal incision wounds. We show that (a) NEC1 is expressed in normal fetal precartilage blastemas and fetal and adult vascular and visceral smooth muscle, but not in most loose connective tissues and skeletal or cardiac muscle; (b) NEC1 is found along epithelial-mesenchymal junctions, with marked differences in prevalence and histological patterns in different organs; and (c) mesenchymal activation associated with wound healing, actinic keratosis, psoriasis, and neoplasia leads to strong induction of NEC1 expression. Parallel studies with cultured human cells suggest that region-specific NEC1 expression in normal developing tissues and localized induction in wound healing and disparate diseases is under the control of extrinsic signals provided by regulatory polypeptides.
An Unexpected Complicationof the Remote-Controlled Intraurethral Valve Pump for Urinary Incontinence (1998)

We report an unexpected complication of the remote-controlled intraurethral valve pump in a patient with neurogenic bladder. A meningomyelocele patient with an atonic bladder received an intraurethral valve pump. Acute urinary retention was caused by a mucus clot obstructing the pump. Prior to extended clinical use, the remote-controlled intraurethral valve pump should be evaluated in prospective multicenter studies.
Large-format dual-broadband QWIP focal plane array imaging interferometers (2003)

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is developing a 512x640-format, dual broadband, Quanum Well Infrared Photodetector (QWIP) focal plane array (FPA) for an imaging interferometer. This is a new type of imaging interferometer which is based on special Fourier-transform spectroscopy, scans interferograms digitally without moving any optical components. It is stable enough to measure fluctuating target signatures from unstable platforms, making it ideal for detecting chemical agents from a remotely piloted aircraft. These static interferometers require large-format FPAs with high uniformity and operability. QWIP technology is ideal for this instrument because it has achieved remarkable success in advancing highly uniform, highly-operability, and large-format multicolor FPAs. The FPA used in the interferometer covers the wavelength from 6-10 &mu;m and 10-15 &mu;m in alternative rows.
Lewis Superacidic Heavy Pnictaalkene Cations: Comparative Assessment of Carbodicarbene-Stibenium and Carbodicarbene-Bismuthenium Ions (2022)

We report a comprehensive assessment of Lewis acidity for a series of carbone-stibenium and -bismuthenium ions using the Gutmann-Beckett (GB) method. These new antimony and bismuth cations have been synthesized by halide abstractions from (CDC)PnBr<sub>3</sub> and [(<sup>py</sup>CDC)PnBr<sub>2</sub>][Br] (CDC = carbodicarbene; Pn = Sb or Bi; py = pyridyl). The reaction of (CDC)SbBr<sub>3</sub> (<b>1</b>) with one or two equivalents of AgNTf<sub>2</sub> (NTf<sub>2</sub> = bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide) or AgSbF<sub>6</sub> gives stibaalkene mono- and dications of the form [(CDC)SbBr<sub>3-<i>n</i></sub>][A]<sub><i>n</i></sub> (<b>2-4</b>; <i>n</i> = 1,2; A = NTf<sub>2</sub> or SbF<sub>6</sub>). The stibaalkene trication [(CDC)<sub>2</sub>Sb][NTf<sub>2</sub>]<sub>3</sub> (<b>5</b>) was also isolated and collectively these molecules fill the gap among the series of cationic pnictaalkenes. The Sb cations are compared to the related CDC-bismaalkene complexes <b>6</b>-<b>9</b>. With the goal of preparing highly Lewis acidic compounds, a tridentate bis(pyridine)carbodicarbene (<sup>py</sup>CDC) was used as a ligand to access [(<sup>py</sup>CDC)PnBr<sub>2</sub>][Br] (<b>10</b>, <b>12</b>) and trications [(<sup>py</sup>CDC)Pn][NTf<sub>2</sub>]<sub>3</sub> (Pn = Sb (<b>11</b>), Bi (<b>13</b>)), forgoing the need for a second CDC as used in the synthesis of <b>5</b>. The bonding situation in these complexes is elucidated through electron density and energy decomposition analyses in combination with natural orbital for chemical valence theory. In each complex, there exists a CDC-Pn double bonding interaction, consisting of a strong σ-bond and a weaker π-bond, whereby the π-bond gradually strengthens with the increase in cationic charge in the complex. Notably, [(CDC)SbBr][NTf<sub>2</sub>]<sub>2</sub> (<b>4</b>) has an acceptor number (AN) (84) that is comparable to quintessential Lewis acids such as BF<sub>3</sub>, and tricationic pnictaalkene complexes <b>11</b> and <b>13</b> exhibit strong Lewis acidity with ANs of 109 (Pn = Sb) and 84 (Pn = Bi), respectively, which are among the highest values reported for any antimony or bismuth cation. Moreover, the calculated fluoride ion affinities (FIAs) for <b>11</b> and <b>13</b> are 99.8 and 94.3 kcal/mol, respectively, which are larger than that of SbF<sub>5</sub> (85.1 kcal/mol), which suggest that these cations are Lewis superacids.
Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Ebola Virus Disease in Sierra Leone—23 May 2014 to 31 January 2015 (2015)

Almost half of patients with EVD in Sierra Leone reported physical contact with a person ill with EVD or a dead body, highlighting prevention opportunities.