gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Survey of the four-mirror freeform imager solution space (2021)

We present the results and methods of a survey of the four-mirror freeform imager solution space. This survey is a grid search over the parameters that remain after reducing the solution space’s degrees of freedom using first-, second-, and third-order aberration theory. We then optimize the systems’ higher-order surface shapes through sixth-order. Finally, we discuss general trends in the systems’ performance versus volume and etendue and their utility in trade studies.
A New Era of Targeting the Ancient Gatekeepers of the Immune System: Toll-Like Agonists in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma (2014)

Toll-like receptors (TLR) belong to a large family of pattern recognition receptors known as the ancient 'gatekeepers' of the immune system. TLRs are located at the first line of defense against invading pathogens as well as aeroallergens, making them interesting targets to modulate the natural history of respiratory allergy. Agonists of TLRs have been widely employed in therapeutic or prophylactic preparations useful for asthma/allergic rhinitis (AR) patients. MPL® (a TLR4 agonist) and the CpG oligodeoxynucleotide of 1018 ISS, a TLR9 agonist, show strong immunogenicity effects that make them appropriate adjuvants for allergy vaccines. Targeting the TLRs can enhance the efficacy of specific allergen immunotherapy, currently the only available 'curative' treatment for respiratory allergies. In addition, intranasal administration of AZD8848 (a TLR7 agonist) and VTX-1463 (a TLR8 agonist) as stand-alone therapeutics have revealed efficacy in the relief of the symptoms of AR patients. No anaphylaxis has been so far reported with such compounds targeting TLRs, with the most common adverse effects being transient and local irritation (e.g. redness, swelling and pruritus). Many other compounds that target TLRs have been found to suppress airway inflammation, eosinophilia and airway hyper-responsiveness in various animal models of allergic inflammation. Indeed, in the future a wide variability of TLR agonists and even antagonists that exhibit anti-asthma/AR effects are likely to emerge.
The First Amendment, The University and Conflict: An Introduction to the Symposium (2018)

This Symposium addresses our continuing issues with campus speech conflicts. It aims to help us recognize that speech conflicts are not abstract disputes between ideas – Justice Holmes’s famous rhetoric notwithstanding. Rather our words and ideas represent underlying conflicts between very real people and groups. The speech we use may cause, exacerbate, or resolve conflicts. Sometimes the Supreme Court’s free speech doctrine can aid our understanding and resolution of these conflicts. Other times it cannot. Regardless, simply relying on a First Amendment frame – i.e., claiming that it is one’s right to express oneself in a par-ticular way – may be unhelpful to resolving a conflict, even if that claim is substan-tively correct. This gathering of free speech experts, dispute resolution experts, and campus administrators aims to provide a framework for discussing campus speech conflicts that works both within and beyond the First Amendment frame.
Structure and Cathodoluminescence of Individual ZnS/ZnO Biaxial Nanobelt Heterostructures (2008)

We report on a controlled synthesis of two novel semiconducting heterostructures: heterocrystalline-ZnS/single-crystalline-ZnO biaxial nanobelts and side-to-side single-crystalline ZnS/ZnO biaxial nanobelts via a simple one-step thermal evaporation method. In the first heterostructure, a ZnS domain is composed of the heterocrystalline superlattice (3C-ZnS) N /(2H-ZnS) M [111]-[0001] with the atomically smooth interface between wurtzite and zinc blende ZnS fragments. High-spatial resolution cathodoluminescence studies on individual heterostructures for the first time reveal a new ultraviolet emission peak ( approximately 355 nm), which is not observed in separate ZnS or ZnO nanostructures. The present hererostructures are expected to become valuable not only with respect to fundamental research but also for a design of new broad-range ultraviolet nanoscale lasers and sensors.
Localized proton MRS of the human hippocampus: Metabolite concentrations and relaxation times (1999)

Absolute concentrations and proton relaxation times of major metabolites in the human hippocampus were determined with use of fully relaxed, short-echo time STEAM localization sequences at 2.0 T (20 normal adults). Mean metabolite concentrations were 7.6+/-0.9 mM for total Nacetylaspartate (tNAA), 6.9+/-0.8 mM for total creatine (tCr), 2.1+/-0.3 mM for choline-containing compounds (Cho), and 6.2+/-0.9 mM for myo-inositol (Ins). The observation of relatively low tNAA and high Cho and Ins levels compared with cortical gray and white matter corresponds to a lower neuronal density and higher glial density than in the neocortex, in agreement with histologic findings. The data do not support a lateralization of metabolites. T1 and T2 relaxation times were in the range of 1400-1730 and 140-330 msec, respectively, similar to those in other brain regions.
Continuously Tunable Emission in Inverted Type‐I CdS/CdSe Core/Crown Semiconductor Nanoplatelets (2015)

The synthesis and unique tunable optical properties of core/crown nanoplatelets having an inverted Type‐I heterostructure are presented. Here, colloidal 2D CdS/CdSe heteronanoplatelets are grown with thickness of four monolayers using seed‐mediated method. In this work, it is shown that the emission peak of the resulting CdS/CdSe heteronanoplatelets can be continuously spectrally tuned between the peak emission wavelengths of the core only CdS nanoplatelets (421 nm) and CdSe nanoplatelets (515 nm) having the same vertical thickness. In these inverted Type‐I nanoplatelets, the unique continuous tunable emission is enabled by adjusting the lateral width of the CdSe crown, having a narrower bandgap, around the core CdS nanoplatelet, having a wider bandgap, as a result of the controlled lateral quantum confinement in the crown region additional to the pure vertical confinement. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, a white light generation is shown by using color conversion with these CdS/CdSe heteronanoplatelets having finely tuned thin crowns, resulting in a color rendering index of 80. The robust control of the electronic structure in such inverted Type‐I heteronanoplatelets achieved by tailoring the lateral extent of the crown coating around the core template presents a new enabling pathway for bandgap engineering in solution‐processed quantum wells.
A novel electrical test structure for measuring misalignment between polysilicon and active area in MOS VLSI technologies (1991)

A novel test structure has been designed to electrically measure the misalignment between polysilicon and the active area in MOS technologies. This alignment is one of the most critical alignments in small geometry integrated circuit processing. The structure exploits the channel width change of specially designed MOS transistors resulting from the misalignment between the active area and polysilicon layers to develop a proportionate differential current sensing arrangement. A calibrating structure is used to translate the measured differential current to actual microns.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Bacteriophages and Bacterial Plant Diseases (2017)

Losses in crop yields due to disease need to be reduced in order to meet increasing global food demands associated with growth in the human population. There is a well-recognized need to develop new environmentally friendly control strategies to combat bacterial crop disease. Current control measures involving the use of traditional chemicals or antibiotics are losing their efficacy due to the natural development of bacterial resistance to these agents. In addition, there is an increasing awareness that their use is environmentally unfriendly. Bacteriophages, the viruses of bacteria, have received increased research interest in recent years as a realistic environmentally friendly means of controlling bacterial diseases. Their use presents a viable control measure for a number of destructive bacterial crop diseases, with some phage-based products already becoming available on the market. Phage biocontrol possesses advantages over chemical controls in that tailor-made phage cocktails can be adapted to target specific disease-causing bacteria. Unlike chemical control measures, phage mixtures can be easily adapted for bacterial resistance which may develop over time. In this review, we will examine the progress and challenges for phage-based disease biocontrol in food crops.
Use of a Be-dome holder for texture and strain characterization of Li metal thin films via sin 2 ( ψ ) methodology (2020)

Residual strain in electrodeposited Li films may affect safety and performance in Li metal battery anodes, so it is important to understand how to detect residual strain in electrodeposited Li and the conditions under which it arises. To explore this Li films, electrodeposited onto Cu metal substrates, were prepared under an applied pressure of either 10 or 1000 kPa and subsequently tested for the presence or absence of residual strain via sin 2 ( ψ ) analysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of Li films required preparation and examination within an inert environment; hence, a Be-dome sample holder was employed during XRD characterization. Results show that the Li film grown under 1000 kPa displayed a detectable presence of in-plane compressive strain (−0.066%), whereas the Li film grown under 10 kPa displayed no detectable in-plane strain. The underlying Cu substrate revealed an in-plane residual strain near zero. Texture analysis via pole figure determination was also performed for both Li and Cu and revealed a mild fiber texture for Li metal and a strong bi-axial texture of the Cu substrate. Experimental details concerning sample preparation, alignment, and analysis of the particularly air-sensitive Li films have also been detailed. This work shows that Li metal exhibits residual strain when electrodeposited under compressive stress and that XRD can be used to quantify that strain.
Analysis of the genome of the New Zealand giant collembolan (Holacanthella duospinosa) sheds light on hexapod evolution (2017)

The genome of H. duospinosa contains some unusual features including a Hox complex broken over two scaffolds, in a different manner to other arthropod species, a lack of odorant receptor genes and an apparent lack of environmentally responsive DNA methylation, unlike many other arthropods. Our detection of candidate horizontal gene transfer candidates confirms that this phenomenon is occurring across Collembola. These findings allow us to narrow down the regions of the arthropod phylogeny where key innovations have occurred that have facilitated the evolutionary success of Hexapoda.
Development of a Power Management System for Efficient Power usage of Intelligent Ship (2013)

어떤 선박에서도 마찬가지로 적정한 전력의 공급은 매우 중요하며, 육지와 거리가 먼 대양 운항 선박에서는 특히 더욱 중요하다. 이와 같이 운항 중인 선박의 전력 공급 시스템의 효율성과 경제성 측면의 문제를 해결하기 위해서 본 논문에서는 선박에서의 전력공급을 지능적으로 제어하는 전력관리 시스템을 제안한다. 본 설계에서의 전력관리 시스템은 부하전력 감지 시스템, 발전기 제어 시스템, 그리고 전력 모니터링 시스템으로 각각 구성된다. 부하전력 감지 시스템에서는 CT 및 PT 센서를 이용하여 전류와 전력량을 측정하며, 그리고 발전기 제어 시스템에서는 여러 가지 다양한 센서로 부터의 취합정보를 이용하여 주/부 발전기를 On/Off 하게 된다. 마지막으로 모니터링 시스템은 부하 전력 감지 시스템과 발전기 관리 시스템에서 수집된 정보를 사용자가 한눈에 알아볼 수 있게 상태 정보를 출력한다. 본 논문에서 구현된 전력관리 시스템은 실시간 실험을 통해서 설계된 바와 같이 잘 작동하는 것을 확인하였으며, 그리고 공인 인증기관으로부터 KSCIEC61892-1:2012 및 KSCIEC60950-1:2008 인증을 획득하였다. As with any ships, adequate power provision is crucial, especially on the ocean navigating ships far from the land. In order to resolve the effective and economic power supply system of any ship in operation, in this paper, we propose a power management system that intelligently controls the power supply in ships. Power management systems in this design consist of a power load detection system, a generator configuration system, and a power monitoring system respectively. The CT / PT sensor is used to measure amount of current and power in the power detection system, and according to the collected information from various sensor, the generator configuration system will switch on and off the main / sub generator effectively. Finally, the power monitoring system will display all status information of this power management system at a glance for users. This power management systems implemented in this paper is evaluated via real-time experiments, which works well as designed, and certified by KSCIEC61892-1:2012 and KSCIEC60950-1:2008.
Si-doped β-(Al0.26Ga0.74)2O3 thin films and heterostructures grown by metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy (2019)

We report on n-type degenerate doping in MOVPE grown \b{eta}-(Al0.26Ga0.74)2O3 epitaxial thin films and modulation doping in \b{eta}-(Al0.26Ga0.74)2O3/\b{eta}-Ga2O3 heterostructure. Alloy composition is confirmed using HRXRD measurements. Carrier concentration in the thin films is proportional to the silane molar flow. Room temperature hall measurements showed a high carrier concentration of 6x1018-7.3x1019 cm-3 with a corresponding electron mobility of 53-27 cm2/V.s in uniformly-doped \b{eta}-(Al0.26Ga0.74)2O3 layers. Modulation doping is used to realize a total electron sheet charge of 2.3x1012 cm-2 in a \b{eta}-(Al0.26Ga0.74)2O3/\b{eta}-Ga2O3 heterostructure using a uniformly-doped \b{eta}-(Al0.26Ga0.74)2O3 barrier layer and a thin spacer layer.
Countercurrents in Matter and Mind (1997)

An especially efficient manner of transmission of matter or energy, employed by numerous biological systems, is the countercurrent mechanism. Transfer is effected between two closely aligned streaming currents where the currents flow in opposite directions. Final transfer can be 100% rather than the 50% ceiling of concurrent streams. We now report that perceptual systems may employ a similar mechanism. Information derived from the external world by the senses is transferred to the perceptual system in a hierarchy of processing areas. Simultaneously, this information is intermixed with previously stored internal information. The degree of mixture of previously existing information, with new, unprocessed information is titrated along the hierarchy. The brain may tap various points along the countercurrents to obtain the mixtures required for different tasks. Perceptual learning affects first the inner levels of this cortical hierarchy and only later descends to their input levels to achieve better performance with more difficult task conditions. Learning effects discussed at ECVP over the last two decades are reviewed in the light of this cortical scheme. Many seemingly contradictory findings are reconciled when put in the framework of countercurrent streams which respectively process sensory information and guide perceptual learning.
Synthesis and Characterization of Rutile TiO2Nanopowders Doped with Iron Ions (2009)

Titanium dioxide nanopowders doped with different amounts of Fe ions were prepared by coprecipitation method. Obtained materials were characterized by structural (XRD), morphological (TEM and SEM), optical (UV/vis reflection and photoluminescence, and Raman), and analytical techniques (XPS and ICP-OES). XRD analysis revealed rutile crystalline phase for doped and undoped titanium dioxide obtained in the same manner. Diameter of the particles was 5-7 nm. The presence of iron ions was confirmed by XPS and ICP-OES. Doping process moved absorption threshold of TiO(2) into visible spectrum range. Photocatalytic activity was also checked. Doped nanopowders showed normal and up-converted photoluminescence.
Li2FeS2: A Low-cost, High Capacity and Safe Cathode Material for Lithium-ion Batteries (2009)

Abstract not Available.
Graphene oxide composite membranes as a potential candidate for a desalination system (2016)

Availability of clean water is a critical issue all over the world. In order to solve this problem, many efforts such as distillation and membrane based filtration were attempted to obtain clean water from seawater as it is an earth abundant water source. Forward osmosis research has recently been interested worldwide for desalination to supply drinking water, industrial water and agricultural water because a conventional reverse osmosis required high operating pressure which increases the running cost of desalination facilities. Currently, the graphene materials have been significantly studied because of their outstanding properties such as multifunctional surface and favourable hydrogen bonding with water molecules. In this study, we report comparative studies of commercially available forward osmosis membrane (aquaporin, sterlitech) with graphene oxides and carbon nano-tubes. The morphologies of graphene oxides and carbon nano-tubes coated aquaporin protein membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the salt rejection from conductivity measurement of draw solutions and the water flux of graphene oxides and carbon nano-tubes composite membranes in forward osmosis system were studied, respectively. From these results, we realized that among the characterized membrane graphene oxide coated aquaporin membrane showed higher water flux and salt rejection properties because of hydrophilic surface and functional groups such as hydroxyl (-OH), a carboxyl (-COOH) and an epoxide (-O-) which are hydrophilic water molecules.
Fluid Intelligence Allows Flexible Recruitment of the Parieto-Frontal Network in Analogical Reasoning (2011)

Fluid intelligence is the ability to think flexibly and to understand abstract relations. People with high fluid intelligence (hi-fluIQ) perform better in analogical reasoning tasks than people with average fluid intelligence (ave-fluIQ). Although previous neuroimaging studies reported involvement of parietal and frontal brain regions in geometric analogical reasoning (which is a prototypical task for fluid intelligence), however, neuroimaging findings on geometric analogical reasoning in hi-fluIQ are sparse. Furthermore, evidence on the relation between brain activation and intelligence while solving cognitive tasks is contradictory. The present study was designed to elucidate the cerebral correlates of geometric analogical reasoning in a sample of hi-fluIQ and ave-fluIQ high school students. We employed a geometric analogical reasoning task with graded levels of task difficulty and confirmed the involvement of the parieto-frontal network in solving this task. In addition to characterizing the brain regions involved in geometric analogical reasoning in hi-fluIQ and ave-fluIQ, we found that blood oxygenation level dependency (BOLD) signal changes were greater for hi-fluIQ than for ave-fluIQ in parietal brain regions. However, ave-fluIQ showed greater BOLD signal changes in the anterior cingulate cortex and medial frontal gyrus than hi-fluIQ. Thus, we showed that a similar network of brain regions is involved in geometric analogical reasoning in both groups. Interestingly, the relation between brain activation and intelligence is not mono-directional, but rather, it is specific for each brain region. The negative brain activation-intelligence relationship in frontal brain regions in hi-fluIQ goes along with a better behavioral performance and reflects a lower demand for executive monitoring compared to ave-fluIQ individuals. In conclusion, our data indicate that flexibly modulating the extent of regional cerebral activity is characteristic for fluid intelligence.
Quality of Life in Male Breast Cancer: Prospective Study of the International Male Breast Cancer Program (EORTC10085/TBCRC029/BIG2-07/NABCG) (2023)

QoL and symptom burden in male BC patients appears no worse (and possibly better) than that in female patients. Future analyses on impact of treatment on symptoms and QoL over time, may support tailoring of male BC management.
Execution semantics and formalisms for multi-abstraction TLM assertions (2006)

Electronic system level (ESL) reflects the current trend in hardware design and verification towards abstraction levels higher than RTL referred to as transaction level (TL). Raising the abstraction level leads to reduced complexity compared to classical RTL modeling; however, due to this lack of detail, verification of higher level models produces new problems. Assertion based verification (ABV) - a well established RTL methodology - is a good example of this. Temporal relations in RTL properties are specified in terms of clocks that trigger the design. It is not obvious how to specify properties for more abstract, non-clocked models where the notion of lime is annotated as estimated delay values or omitted completely. Since ABV has already shown to be a strong methodology for functional RTL verification, we expect the same benefit for TL by lifting current ABV approaches to a higher level. In this paper we present a prototypic formal framework for specifying TL properties. We focus our work on three TL model views, as defined in the OSCI TLM standard. For each view we describe the model of computation and derive the required operators. Furthermore, we explain the required execution semantics and give some application examples.
Role of human T-cell ribonuclease in lymphokine gene expression (1988)

Conference Article| June 01 1988 Role of human T-cell ribonuclease in lymphokine gene expression DAVID LACKEY; DAVID LACKEY 1Biochemistry Department, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road, London W6 8RF, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ALAN D. B. MALCOLM ALAN D. B. MALCOLM 1Biochemistry Department, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road, London W6 8RF, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1988) 16 (3): 367. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0160367 Article history Received: November 30 1987 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation DAVID LACKEY, ALAN D. B. MALCOLM; Role of human T-cell ribonuclease in lymphokine gene expression. Biochem Soc Trans 1 June 1988; 16 (3): 367. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0160367 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1988 Biochemical Society1988 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.