gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metformin-Associated Lactic Acidosis in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Acute Kidney Injury (2012)

Objective: Lactic acidosis, a rare but serious complication of metformin treatment, is always a major concern of clinicians. This study aimed to describe the clinical profile of metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA) and the impact of acute kidney injury.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study, excluding other causes of hyperlactatemia, to identify patients with MALA in a regional hospital during a 5-year period. The pre-morbid conditions, clinical presentation, biochemical data, therapeutic strategies and outcomes were recorded for analysis.Results: A total of 10 cases were diagnosed as MALA. All were elderly type 2 diabetic patients accompanied with acute kidney injury at presentation. All patients had more than one vascular comorbidity. Most patients had acute intercurrent illness or took medications that might compromise renal function. Gastrointestinal symptoms, hypoglycemia, hypothermia and hypotension were predominant clinical features. Among them, two patients were ventilated, four patients required vasoactive support and seven patients received urgent hemodialysis to clear the acidosis and treat the renal failure. All but one of these patients survived. A combination of contrast medium and metformin led to the only mortality case. Recovery of renal function was the general rule in survivors.Conclusions: MALA is usually associated with acute kidney injury. Despite the severity of this illness, lactic acidosis solely related to metformin use seems to have a favorable outcome with intensive support of cardiovascular, respiratory and renal system.
[Effectiveness of a cryosurgical method in the treatment of primary localized skin cancer]. (1991)

The long-term results of cryosurgical treatment of primary localized cutaneous cancer were studied in 930 patients with 1154 solitary and primary multiple synchronous and metachronous tumors. A high effectiveness of the method was established. The maximum therapeutical effect was noted in patients with I stage tumors and exophytic form of growth, the minimal one--with IIA stage tumors and endophytic form of growth irrespective of their location and histologic structure.
Reuse of architecturally derived Standards Requirements (2015)

Requirements reuse promises to reduce product development cost and improve product quality. Applying a standard set of requirements to multiple products configured into the same system can ensure all the products take advantage of the system's architectural features and do not adversely interact with each other. While existing literature provides guidance for developing requirements suitable for reuse, little has been written on the practical realities an organization faces in attempting to reuse requirements. This paper addresses that gap by describing a commercial engineering company's deployment of a requirements reuse process, the problems encountered, the results obtained, and the plans for future improvement of the process.
A novel noise suppression solution in cone-beam CT images (2011)

The Feldkamp (FDK) algorithm is the most popular algorithm for circular cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). While, due to the spatially invariant interpolation process and pre-weighting factor adopted in numerical implementation of the algorithms, non-uniform noise propagation have been observed across the field-of-view. In this study, instead of using spatially invariant interpolation, we consider the spatially variant weighting to compensate for the non-uniformity. The simulation study demonstrates the effectiveness of the presented solution.
Farnesyltransferase Inhibitor, Tipifarnib, Prevents Galactosamine/Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Liver Failure (2014)

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a fatal syndrome associated with massive hepatocyte death. There is no cure for ALF except liver transplantation. Protein farnesylation is a lipid modification of cysteine residues that is catalyzed by farnesyltransferase (FTase) and has been proposed as an integral component of acute inflammation. Previously, we have demonstrated that FTase inhibitors improve survival in mouse models of endotoxemia and sepsis. Here we studied the effects of FTase inhibitor, tipifarnib, on galactosamine (GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALF. The effects of tipifarnib (10 mg/kg, i.p.) were studied in GalN (400 mg/kg, i.p.)- and LPS (3 μg/kg)-challenged mice by histological and biochemical analyses. Galactosamine/LPS administration caused prominent liver injury characterized by the increased plasma alanine aminotransferase and aspartic aminotransferase levels, leading to significant mortality in mice. Tipifarnib inhibited GalN/LPS-induced caspase 3 activation, inflammatory cytokine production, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation in the liver. On the other hand, tipifarnib upregulated antiapoptotic protein, Bcl-xL, in the liver after GalN/LPS challenge. Tipifarnib also protected primary hepatocytes from GalN/tumor necrosis factor α-induced cell death by inhibiting caspase 3 activation and upregulating antiapoptotic proteins. Galactosamine/LPS-induced liver injury was associated with increased protein farnesylation in the liver. Tipifarnib prevented protein farnesylation in the liver and markedly attenuated liver injury and mortality in GalN/LPS-challenged mice. These results suggest that protein farnesylation is a novel potential molecular target to prevent hepatocyte death and acute inflammatory liver failure in fulminant hepatitis.
Host Specificity and Spatial Distribution Preference of Three Pseudomonas Isolates (2019)

Plant hosts recruit and maintain a distinct root-associated microbiota based on host and bacterium traits. However, past studies disregarded microbial strain-host specificity and spatial micro-heterogeneity of the root compartment. Using genetic manipulation, confocal laser scanning microscopy, real-time quantitative PCR, and genome sequencing we characterized the colonization patterns of three <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. isolates native to wheat roots, on the micro-scale. Namely, isolates <i>P. fluorescens</i> NT0133, <i>P. stutzeri</i> NT124, and <i>P. stutzeri</i> NT128. All three isolates preferentially colonized wheat over cucumber roots that served as control for host specificity. Furthermore, not only had the isolates strong host specificity but each isolate had a distinct spatial distribution on the root, all within a few millimeters. Isolate <i>P. stutzeri</i>-NT0124 preferentially colonized root tips, whereas <i>P. fluorescens-</i>NT0133 showed a preference for zones distant from the tip. In contrast, isolate <i>P. stutzeri</i>-NT0128 had no preference for a specific niche on the root. While all isolates maintained genetic potential for motility and biofilm formation their phenotype varied significantly and corresponded to their niche preference. These results demonstrate the importance of spatial colonization patterns, governed by both niche and bacterial characteristics which will have great importance in future attempts to manipulate the plant microbiome by constructing synthetic microbial consortia.
Evaluating the Utility of Available Differential Diagnosis Systems. (1988)

The accuracy and performance of two differential diagnosis systems, Meditel® and DXplain® have been tested by utilizing 103 consecutive clinical cases culled from the Internal Medicine Service at the University of Michigan. Each case was run in parallel on both systems utilizing available history, physical and lab findings at admission and comparing the resultant differential list to the final hospital discharge diagnoses. We find that these systems use fundamentally different approaches to the problem of differential diagnosis which produces significant differences in their speed and in the usability of their differential lists. Meditel® produces generally more accurate and complete differential diagnosis lists, faster than DXplain® and has the advantage of local use on a PC. DXplain® has a more user friendly interaction, and explanation facility but appears less able separate the multiple diagnoses that patients often exhibit.
Hole drilling of glass-foam substrates with laser (2002)

Using 10 - 100 msec pulses and a 10.6 micrometers wavelength CO<SUB>2</SUB> laser, focused to a spot size 200 micrometers , we have produced holes into glass-foam substrates. We examine the effect of pulse width on the hole structure and the pile-up around the hole in single-pulse drilling. The height of the pile-up increases 7 - 30 micrometers with increasing the pulse width. The residual melting layer is under 0.5 (mu) m in the hole walls. It seems that the glass-foam substrate is suitable for laser beam machining.
Functional consequences of single:double ring transitions in chaperonins: life in the cold (2004)

The cpn60 and cpn10 genes from psychrophilic bacterium, Oleispira antarctica RB8, showed a positive effect in Escherichia coli growth at low temperature, shifting its theoretical minimal growth temperature from +7.5 degrees C to -13.7 degrees C [Ferrer, M., Chernikova, T.N., Yakimov, M., Golyshin, P.N., and Timmis, K.N. (2003) Nature Biotechnol 21: 1266-1267]. To provide experimental support for this finding, Cpn60 and 10 were overproduced in E. coli and purified to apparent homogeneity. Recombinant O.Cpn60 was identical to the native protein based on tetradecameric structure, and it dissociates during native PAGE. Gel filtration and native PAGE revealed that, in vivo and in vitro, (O.Cpn60)(7) was the active oligomer at 4-10 degrees C, whereas at > 10 degrees C, this complex was converted to (O.Cpn60)(14). The dissociation reduces the ATP consumption (energy-saving mechanism) and increases the refolding capacity at low temperatures. In order for this transition to occur, we demonstrated that K468 and S471 may play a key role in conforming the more advantageous oligomeric state in O.Cpn60. We have proved this hypothesis by showing that single and double mutations in K468 and S471 for T and G, as in E.GroEL, produced a more stable double-ring oligomer. The optimum temperature for ATPase and chaperone activity for the wild-type chaperonin was 24-28 degrees C and 4-18 degrees C, whereas that for the mutants was 45-55 degrees C and 14-36 degrees C respectively. The temperature inducing unfolding (T(M)) increased from 45 degrees C to more than 65 degrees C. In contrast, a single ring mutant, O.Cpn60(SR), with three amino acid substitutions (E461A, S463A and V464A) was as stable as the wild type but possessed refolding activity below 10 degrees C. Above 10 degrees C, this complex lost refolding capacity to the detriment of the double ring, which was not an efficient chaperone at 4 degrees C as the single ring variant. We demonstrated that expression of O.Cpn60(WT) and O.Cpn60(SR) leads to a higher growth of E. coli at 4 degrees C ( micro (max), 0.22 and 0.36 h(-1) respectively), whereas at 10-15 degrees C, only E. coli cells expressing O.Cpn60 or O.Cpn60(DR) grew better than parental cells (-cpn). These results clearly indicate that the single-to-double ring transition in Oleispira chaperonin is a wild-type mechanism for its thermal acclimation. Although previous studies have also reported single-to-double ring transitions under many circumstances, this is the first clear indication that single-ring chaperonins are necessary to support growth when the temperature falls from 37 degrees C to 4 degrees C.
Maternal Weight Gain and Preterm Delivery (1999)

Studies have shown a positive association between obesity and knee osteoarthritis. Studies evaluating hand or hip osteoarthritis and weight, however, have assessed x-ray osteoarthritis or been cross-sectional, or both, and results of these have been inconsistent. We assessed the association between body weight, body mass index, and incident symptomatic osteoarthritis in 134 matched case-control pairs of women who were part of a case-control study on estrogen replacement therapy and osteoarthritis. We identified incident symptomatic osteoarthritis cases of the hand, hip, and knee in women ages 20-89 years who were members of a health plan between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 1993. For each case we selected a control woman who was matched by closest date of birth to the case. Medical records were reviewed to obtain weight and height information for the period before disease onset. After controlling for estrogen use, smoking status, height, and health care use, we found that body weight was a predictor of incident osteoarthritis of the hand, hip, and knee. Odds ratios ranged from 3.0 to 10.5 for women in the upper tertiles of weight compared with women in the lowest tertile. Similar associations were observed for body mass index. Our results suggest that obesity is associated with the development of incident osteoarthritis at all joints studied.
Synthesis and use as a catalyst support of porous polystyrene with bis(phosphonic acid)-functionalized surfaces (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and use as a catalyst support of porous polystyrene with bis(phosphonic acid)-functionalized surfacesMats J. Sundell, Esko O. Pajunen, Osmo E. O. Hormi, and Jan H. NasmanCite this: Chem. Mater. 1993, 5, 3, 372–376Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00027a022https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00027a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views236Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (1995)

Polycystic ovary syndrome — in its most typical form, the association of hyperandrogenism and chronic anovulation — is one of the most common endocrine disorders. The clinical and biochemical features are heterogeneous, and there has been much debate as to whether it represents a single disorder or several. In recent years, it has become apparent that the polycystic ovary syndrome not only is the most frequent cause of anovulation and of hirsutism, but is also associated with a characteristic metabolic disturbance (resistance to the action of insulin) that may have important implications for long-term health.DefinitionThe most widely accepted . . .
Nanopore Unstacking of Single‐Stranded DNA Helices (2007)

Time to unwind: The force-induced unstacking of individual single-stranded homopolymeric DNA helices is demonstrated during their translocation through an α-hemolysin protein nanopore by electrophoresis (see picture). The unstacking energy and sequence-specific cooperativity are inferred from an analysis of the translocation kinetics.
Discussion: “An Analysis of Burnout Conditions for Flow of Boiling Water in Vertical Round Ducts” (Becker, K. M., and Persson, P., 1964, ASME J. Heat Transfer, 86, pp. 515–524) (1964)

In this paper a physical model based on the work of Isbin, et al., has been utilized to correlate the data. The authors' main object in this paper is to show that the burnout is strictly a local phe-nomenon independent of subcooling or inlet conditions and length-to-diameter ratio.
Chronic hepatitis in man and in dog: a comparative update Hepatitis crónica en el hombre y en el perro: una actualización comparativa (2012)

Chronic hepatitis is a frequent pathologic condition encountered in both dogs and humans; however, in the latter etiologic factors are usually searched and found that allow targeted therapeutic approaches, whereas in dogs this is less frequent. This review will take into consideration chronic hepatitis in dogs, and discuss differences and similarities between the two species with respect to this disease.
Macrophage Dysfunction Impairs Resolution of Inflammation in the Wounds of Diabetic Mice (2010)

Taken together, this study presents first evidence demonstrating that diabetic wounds suffer from dysfunctional macrophage efferocytosis resulting in increased apoptotic cell burden at the wound site. This burden, in turn, prolongs the inflammatory phase and complicates wound healing.
Patient-reported outcomes for patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma under pembrolizumab: A prospective multicenter observational study. (2023)

490 Background: Evaluation of Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs) is a major element used by health authorities for treatment approval. Pembrolizumab is a validated second-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (la/mUC). In this real-life study, we aimed to describe la/mUC patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and patient/clinician-reported symptoms before and after pembrolizumab initiation. Here, we present interim results to assess clinical relevance for further analysis. Methods: A multicenter prospective French study was designed. PROs were assessed before pembrolizumab initiation (baseline) and at each treatment visit for seven timepoints. We report the analyses of the first three timepoints. HRQoL was measured using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-life Questionnaire-Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the EuroQoL 5-dimensions 5-level (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaires. PRO-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE) and CTCAE were assessed for 20 selected symptoms by both patients and clinicians in a blinded manner. Agreement in severity between clinicians and patients for all grade ≥3 symptoms was calculated with Cohen's kappa coefficient. Results: 39 patients were analyzed. Baseline completion rates were 69%, 62%, 59% and 12.8% for EORTC QLQ-C30, EQ-5D-5L, PRO-CTCAE and CTCAE respectively. Baseline median EORTC QLQ-C30 global health and summary scores were respectively 66.7 [interquartile range; 54.2, 79.2] and 83.6 [73.9, 94]. Improvement in EORTC QLQ-C30 global health median score to cycle 2 was observed in 33.3% patients, while the remaining patients experienced worsening score. Baseline mean EQ-5D-5L Visual Analog Scale score was 65.3 (Standard deviation (SD), 21.6), and 63.5 (SD, 16.1) at cycle 2. EQ-5D-5L domains scored level 1 decreased between baseline and cycle 2 for mobility (16 vs 14 patients) (p=0.0143), self-care (16 vs 14 patients) (p=0.0048), and usual activities (15 vs 14 patients) (p=0.015). Of 17 severity assessed symptoms, the Cohen's kappa coefficient was fair ĸ=0.35 (95% confidence interval (CI) [-0.08; 0.78]) for general pain, and bad ĸ=-0.063 (95%CI [-0.17; -0, 04]) for abdominal pain. In terms of symptom frequency, patients reported 19 symptoms at each visit. However, clinicians reported 13 and 14 symptoms respectively at baseline and cycle 2. Conclusions: HRQoL for la/mUC patients after first pembrolizumab infusion showed contradictory results with previous reports with a trend for HRQoL degradation after one treatment cycle. Comparative symptom severity assessment showed poor agreement between patients and clinicians. Clinicians graded symptoms less severely than patients. The final analysis will provide more complete data with longitudinal analysis to strengthen our preliminary conclusions. Clinical trial information: NCT03584659 .
Arctic Offshore Escape, Evacuation, and Rescue Standards and Guidelines (2010)

Arctic Escape, Evacuation, and Rescue (EER) is receiving more attention with the current resurgence of interest in Arctic offshore hydrocarbon reserves, marine tourism and shortening marine transportation routes. Since 2000, Transport Canada supported the Arctic EER research project for which the second author’s company has been the lead contractor. The research conducted under this program resulted in the development of Canadian performance-based standards for offshore petroleum installations and a computer model capable of assessing the reliability and performance of EER processes. The ISO, under Working Group 8, developed a Final Draft International Standard addressing Arctic Offshore Structures which is expected to be published in late-2010. The Standard addresses design requirements and assessments for Arctic offshore structures used by the petroleum and natural gas industries worldwide to help ensure that appropriate reliability levels are achieved for manned and unmanned offshore structures, regardless of the type of structure. The EER provisions of the Standard are intended to promote the successful escape from the incident, subsequent evacuation from the installation (emergency or precautionary evacuation), and the ultimate rescue of installation personnel. The EER provisions are performance-based. The Standard specifies design requirements and also provides background to and guidance on the use of the document.
Depletion of Alloreactive Donor T Lymphocytes by CD95-Mediated Activation-Induced Cell Death Retains Antileukemic, Antiviral, and Immunoregulatory T Cell Immunity (2007)

In allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect are closely but not invariably linked. Thus, harnessing donor lymphocyte mediated GVL immunity and separating it from GVHD is of particular interest. Based on results obtained in murine models we have explored the CD95-mediated activation-induced cell death (AICD) strategy to selectively deplete alloreactivity in human donor T lymphocytes in vitro. Following stimulation of CD3(+) T cells isolated from HLA-A* 0201-positive donors with HLA or minor histocompatibility antigen mismatched hematopoietic or nonhematopoietic cells in the presence of agonistic anti-CD95 antibody, we achieved efficient and selective allodepletion across major and minor histocompatibility mismatched barriers. Residual alloreactivity was in the range of 10% and 25% using hematopoietic cells and primary keratinocytes as alloantigen-presenting cells, respectively. CD8(+) T cells specific for HLA-A * 0201-associated cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and Wilms tumor 1 peptide epitopes were retained at significant numbers within the allodepleted donor lymphocyte subsets. Additionally, CD4(+) FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells persisted after the allodepletion procedure. Our results show that AICD induced by an agonistic anti-CD95 antibody might be useful to generate allodepleted donor lymphocyte products with preserved beneficial immune functions for patients undergoing AHSCT.