gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The mechanistic target of rapamycin pathway downregulates bone morphogenetic protein signaling to promote oligodendrocyte differentiation (2020)

Abstract Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) differentiate and mature into oligodendrocytes, which produce myelin in the central nervous system. Prior studies have shown that the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is necessary for proper myelination of the mouse spinal cord and that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling inhibits oligodendrocyte differentiation, in part by promoting expression of inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (Id2). Here we provide evidence that mTOR functions specifically in the transition from early stage OPC to immature oligodendrocyte by downregulating BMP signaling during postnatal spinal cord development. When mTOR is deleted from the oligodendrocyte lineage, expression of the FK506 binding protein 1A (FKBP12), a suppressor of BMP receptor activity, is reduced, downstream Smad activity is increased and Id2 expression is elevated. Additionally, mTOR inhibition with rapamycin in differentiating OPCs alters the transcriptional complex present at the Id2 promoter. Deletion of mTOR in oligodendroglia in vivo resulted in fewer late stage OPCs and fewer newly formed oligodendrocytes in the spinal cord with no effect on OPC proliferation or cell cycle exit. Finally, we demonstrate that inhibiting BMP signaling rescues the rapamycin‐induced deficit in myelin protein expression. We conclude that mTOR promotes early oligodendrocyte differentiation by suppressing BMP signaling in OPCs.
Effect of Uninephrectomy on Kidney Weight and Renal Function in the Dog (1968)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Sep 1968Effect of Uninephrectomy on Kidney Weight and Renal Function in the Dog Chingtong Liu, and R.R. Overman Chingtong LiuChingtong Liu Present address: Department of Physiology, Baylor University College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77025. More articles by this author , and R.R. OvermanR.R. Overman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)62508-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1968 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 100Issue 3September 1968Page: 215-219 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1968 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Chingtong Liu Present address: Department of Physiology, Baylor University College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77025. More articles by this author R.R. Overman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Electroencephalographic responses to tail clamping in anaesthetized rat pups (2009)

We investigated electroencephalographic (EEG) responses to tail clamping in lightly anaesthetized rat pups (5-22 days) in order to determine the ontogeny of EEG activity and at what age they may be capable of experiencing pain. Median frequency (F50) and spectral edge frequency (F95) of the power spectrum in the range of 1-30 Hz were determined before and after the application of a noxious stimulus and power spectra were compared by multivariate analysis. There was a postnatal increase in EEG power as, before clamping, pups aged 5-7 days exhibited isoelectric traces, whereas those aged 12-14 days and 21-22 days had intermittent EEG activity where the power in all frequencies was significantly lower at the former than at the latter age. Pups aged 5-7 days exhibited no EEG response to clamping in view of their isoelectric traces. Pups aged 12-14 days showed a significant decrease in F95 (P=0.002), whereas those aged 21-22 days showed highly significant reduction in F50 and F95 (P=0.028 and P<0.001, respectively) as well as changes in EEG power of specific frequencies after clamping. The results and related literature suggest that rat pups aged 5-7 days and younger are not likely to perceive pain and that the ability to perceive pain develops gradually between postnatal ages 12-14 days and 21-22 days.
Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modelling to Describe the Cholesterol Lowering Effect of Rosuvastatin in People Living with HIV (2020)

NCT03515772.
Synthesis and chemistry of a bridging vinylidenedicobalt complex. Evidence for a nonchain radical mechanism in its reaction with metal hydrides to give heteronuclear clusters (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and chemistry of a bridging vinylidenedicobalt complex. Evidence for a nonchain radical mechanism in its reaction with metal hydrides to give heteronuclear clustersEric N. Jacobsen and Robert G. BergmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 7, 2023–2032Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00293a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00293a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views861Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Complementary reciprocity theorems for two-port networks and transmission lines (1994)

Two complementary reciprocity theorems have been formulated in this work; one for two-port passive networks and another for transmission lines. The theorems involve two networks or two identical sections of lines with different load impedances that must satisfy a complementary impedance condition relating to the characteristic impedances of the network or the characteristic impedance of a line.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Dual Effects of IκB Kinase β-Mediated Phosphorylation on p105 Fate: SCFβ-TrCP-Dependent Degradation and SCFβ-TrCP-Independent Processing (2003)

Processing of the p105 NF-kappaB precursor to yield the p50 active subunit is a unique and rare case in which the ubiquitin system is involved in limited processing rather than in complete destruction of its target. The mechanisms involved in this process are largely unknown, although a glycine repeat in the middle of p105 has been identified as a processing stop signal. IkappaB kinase (IKK)beta-mediated phosphorylation at the C-terminal domain with subsequent recruitment of the SCF(beta-TrCP) ubiquitin ligase leads to accelerated processing and degradation of the precursor, yet the roles that the kinase and ligase play in each of these two processes have not been elucidated. Here we demonstrate that IKKbeta has two distinct functions: (i) stimulation of degradation and (ii) stimulation of processing. IKKbeta-induced degradation is dependent on SCF(beta-TrCP), which acts through multiple lysine residues in the IkappaBgamma domain. In contrast, IKKbeta-induced processing of p105 is beta-transduction repeat-containing protein (beta-TrCP) independent, as it is not affected by expression of a dominant-negative beta-TrCP or following its silencing by small inhibitory RNA. Furthermore, removal of all 30 lysine residues from IkappaBgamma results in complete inhibition of IKK-dependent degradation but has no effect on IKK-dependent processing. Yet processing still requires the activity of the ubiquitin system, as it is inhibited by dominant-negative UbcH5a. We suggest that IKKbeta mediates its two distinct effects by affecting, directly and indirectly, two different E3s.
A facile synthesis of sulfonyl chlorides (1976)

Benzylic sulfides have been shown to furnish sulfonyl chlorides in excellent yields, upon reaction with molecular chlorine in aqueous acetic acid. The reaction most likely proceeds through the intermediacy of the corresponding sulfenyl chloride.
Utilization and Availability of Advanced Imaging in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke (2021)

In state-wide and national Medicare fee-for-service cohorts, CTP utilization in patients with AIS was low, and most patients were evaluated at non-CTP-performing hospitals. These findings support the need for alternative means of screening for AIS recanalization therapies.
Supplementary Figures 1 - 2 from BH3 Profiling Discriminates Response to Cytarabine-Based Treatment of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 79K, Supplementary Figure 1. BH3 Profiling representative patient data; Supplementary Figure 2. BH3 Profiling for BH3 Peptides in AML NR and CR Patients.&lt;/p&gt;
Somatic Mutation: What Shapes the Mutational Landscape of Normal Epithelia? (2022)

Recent advances in sequencing have found somatic mutations in all epithelial tissues studied to date. Here we review how the mutational landscape of normal epithelia is shaped by clonal competition within the stem cell niche combined with environmental exposures. Some of the selected mutant genes are oncogenic, whereas others may be inhibitory of transformation. Discoveries in this area leave many open questions, such as the definition of cancer driver genes, the mechanisms by which tissues constrain a high proportion of oncogenic mutant cells, and whether clonal fitness can be modulated to decrease cancer risk.
The Binding of CD93 to Multimerin-2 Promotes Choroidal Neovascularization (2020)

Our results demonstrate that CD93 and its interaction with Multimerin-2 play an important role in pathological vascularization of the choroid, disclosing new possibilities for therapeutic intervention to neovascular AMD.
Spectrum shaping challenges in dynamic spectrum access networks with transmission hyperspace (2012)

Our goal in this paper is to discuss several issues and challenges involved with dynamic spectrum access in cognitive radio networks (CRNs). In this context, we introduce three optimization problems for spectrum shaping in cognitive radio networks (CRNs) using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). These optimization problems utilize the concept of transmission hyperspace (TH). The first problem involves maximization of sum-rate of the network under primary and secondary quality-of-service (QoS) constraints utilizing frequency and space dimensions of the TH. The second problem relaxes the omnidirectional assumption and incorporates antenna directionality in the first problem. As for the third problem, time dimension of the TH is added to the first two problems and the resulting problem is formulated as a time scheduling problem. We show that all these problems are NP-hard which requires the development of efficient heuristic algorithms.
Charge carrier injection into insulating media: Single-particle versus mean-field approach (2010)

Self-consistent, mean-field description of charge injection into a dielectric medium is modified to account for discreteness of charge carriers. The improved scheme includes both the Schottky barrier lowering due to the individual image charge and the barrier change due to the field penetration into the injecting electrode that ensures validity of the model at both high and low injection rates including the barrier-dominated and the space-charge-dominated regimes. Comparison of the theory to experiment on a unipolar indium tin oxide-poly(phenylene vinylene)-Au device is presented.
Urapidil in hypercholesterolemic hypertensive patients. (1994)

The association of arterial hypertension and hyperlipidemia strikingly enhances prevalence, incidence and mortality of cardiovascular disease. In the light of recent evidence that some antihypertensive drugs with alpha-1 blocking properties reduce blood pressure (BP) and total cholesterol (chol), increasing chol content in the non-atherogenic high density lipoproteins (HDL-chol), the effects of urapidil, a peripheral alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonist, with a central action component on BP and plasma lipids were evaluated in 49 mild, hypertensive patients with mild to moderately severe hypercholesterolemia (serum chol 220-320 mg/dl) for a 6 month period in a double-blind randomized study versus placebo. Five out of the 49 patients (3 on urapidil, 2 on placebo) discontinued treatment due to adverse side effects. Five patients on placebo did not meet protocol requirement of serum triglycerides < 350 mg/dl (3.95 mmol/L) and were only included in the BP efficacy assessment. The groups of urapidil and placebo were comparable for age (50 +/- 10 vs 49 +/- 7 years), body weight (72 +/- 9 vs 73 +/- 10 kg), sex (18M, 8F vs 14M, 9F) and mean arterial pressure (119.4 +/- 4 vs 119.7 +/- 4 mmHg). The actively treated group significantly decrease BP values from 159/99 +/- 13/2 to 152/90 +/- 23/8 mmHg, whilst no change was observed in the placebo group. Between group analysis showed a significant difference at the end of treatment (p < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Encapsulation Efficiency Measured on Single Small Unilamellar Vesicles (2008)

In this communication we present a fluorescent based method to measure the encapsulation efficiency in single small unilamellar vesicles. The single small unilamellar vesicles are loaded with a dye in the membrane and a dye in the lumen. They are immobilized on a surface and then imaged with a fluorescent microscope. The dye in the membrane is used to determine the vesicle size, and the lumen dye is used to determine the absolute amount of encapsulant. The correlation of the two signals allows us to calculate the encapsulation efficiency in a single vesicle as a function of size. We discovered that the encapsulation efficiency is inversely proportional to the vesicle radius and that a significant number of vesicles are empty. Both observations would be averaged out in bulk experiments. They pertain for vesicles prepared through the rehydration technique but may be relevant for other formulations as well.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetocaloric Effect in LaFe11.8‐xCoxSi1.2 Melt‐Spun Ribbons. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effect of Occupant Position Variations in Physical Tests on the Prediction and Validation of Computational Models (2015)

&lt;title&gt;ABSTRACT&lt;/title&gt; &lt;p&gt;Computational models are widely used in the prediction of occupant injury responses and vehicle structural performance of ground vehicles subjected to underbody blasts. Although these physics based computational models incorporate all the material and environment data, the classic models are typically deterministic and do not capture the potential variations in the design, testing and operating parameters. This paper investigates the effect of one such variation in physical tests, namely, variations in the position of occupant setup on the occupant injury responses. To study the effects of occupant position, a series of vertical drop tower tests were performed in a controlled setup. A vertical drop tower test involves an Anthropomorphic Test Device (ATD) dummy positioned on a seat and the setup is dropped on an energy attenuating surface, thus producing a desired shock pulse on the seat structure. The experimental data was analyzed for sensitivity of occupant position and ATD joint friction variations. Results from this work reiterate the need to include the stochastic variability of test setup and design parameters in the modeling and simulation and pre-test prediction of any physical test including live fire tests. This project work was performed under TARDEC’s NTUBB (Near Term Under-Body Blast) Modeling and Simulation enhancement program.&lt;/p&gt;
An experimental study of laminar plumes (1993)

We present an experimental study of the scaling laws for the front (or cap) of an isolated, laminar starting plume. The scaling relations are formulated and measured experimentally over a range of power, fluids, and heaters. The results are that the cap rises at constant velocity, grows diffusively in width, and its temperature depends inversely on height. This extends analytic results by Batchelor (1954) for the column (stem) below the front. The source size determines initial conditions for the cap, but does not affect it in the far field. The shape of the front is fitted by a model of potential flow. The interaction between plume caps is complex, but with simple underlying dynamics. We conjecture that some of our conclusions can be applied to a distribution of plumes, as in soft turbulent convection.
Bernard Palissy: scientist and potter of the Renaissance in France (2013)

During his life in the sixteenth century, Bernard Palissy was involved in a wide variety of scientific and technical activities. In his last period, he was involved mostly in the development of ceramics, in particular for coloured objects. Based on a few examples, this contribution shows how chemical analysis of materials can reveal the originality of the art developed by Bernard Palissy.
The addition of dicyanoacetylene to tricyclo[4,1,0,0]heptane (1968)

P. G. Gassman and G. D. Richmond, Chem. Commun. (London), 1968, 1630 DOI: 10.1039/C19680001630
Du risque oublié à la contrainte environnementale : le cas des basses plaines du Languedoc-Roussillon (2005)

Les zones littorales du Languedoc-Roussillon sont particulièrement soumises au risque d'inondation. L’aléa inondation, qui fait partie du fonctionnement des basses plaines, se décline en fonction des scénarios de crue sous la forme de crues lentes à faible débit de pointe et de crues rapides à fort débit de pointe. En plus des scénarios "naturels" d’inondation, l’homme a modifié l’aléa en endiguant les lits mineurs. La rupture de digue est devenue un risque majeur. Après une étude des scénarios d’inondation, l’article envisage les processus historiques de fabrication du risque par augmentation des enjeux dans les basses plaines, processus empreints des évolutions socio-économiques nationales mais aussi des spécificités locales du marché foncier. L’augmentation de la population dans les zones inondables est relativement récente et correspond aux décennies 1970-1990. L’urbanisation s’est ralentie dans les années 1990-1999 jusqu’à être stoppée dans les communes soumises à un strict contrôle de l’occupation du sol. La mise en place des plans de prévention des risques a été accélérée suite aux inondations catastrophiques de 1999 et 2002. Dans quelque vingt communes des basses plaines, le territoire est entièrement en zone inondable. Cette mise sous contrainte réglementaire du risque par les plans de prévention oblige les communes à remettre en cause leur développement qui ne peut plus ni se poser en termes démographiques ni se satisfaire du seul enclos communal.
NANOMECHANICAL DEVICES: LABEL- FREE ULTRASENSITIVE BIOSENSORS (2009)

In the last years, a large variety of ultrasensitive nanomechanical sensors have been developed and used as biological sensors. The results demonstrate that rapid detection of biomolecules with high sensitivity and specificity without need of sample pre-treatment and labeling with fluorescent dyes is attainable[1]. This technology has the potential to revolutionize the fields of molecular biology and preventive medicine. Here, we present results in several of the battle fronts of nanomechanical biosensors faced by our group in collaboration with several multidisciplinary scientific and industrial partners. We split the results into the dynamic and static modes used for nanomechanical sensing. In the dynamic mode, we have found that the added mass is not the sole responsible for the changes in the resonant frequency. Actually, the mechanical properties of adsorbates not only play a relevant role in the dynamic response, they can be taken advantage off in order to obtain more specific biosensors. In the static mode, we have found a new detection method to track DNA hybridization that is based on hydration induced tension in nucleic acid films. These results are under exploitation by the CSIC spin-off company Mecwins S.L. Dynamic Nanomechanical Biosensors
Dengue Virus Type 3 Adaptive Changes during Epidemics in São Jose de Rio Preto, Brazil, 2006–2007 (2013)

Global dengue virus spread in tropical and sub-tropical regions has become a major international public health concern. It is evident that DENV genetic diversity plays a significant role in the immunopathology of the disease and that the identification of polymorphisms associated with adaptive responses is important for vaccine development. The investigation of naturally occurring genomic variants may play an important role in the comprehension of different adaptive strategies used by these mutants to evade the human immune system. In order to elucidate this role we sequenced the complete polyprotein-coding region of thirty-three DENV-3 isolates to characterize variants circulating under high endemicity in the city of São José de Rio Preto, Brazil, during the onset of the 2006-07 epidemic. By inferring the evolutionary history on a local-scale and estimating rates of synonymous (dS) and nonsynonimous (dN) substitutions, we have documented at least two different introductions of DENV-3 into the city and detected 10 polymorphic codon sites under significant positive selection (dN/dS > 1) and 8 under significant purifying selection (dN/dS < 1). We found several polymorphic amino acid coding sites in the envelope (15), NS1 (17), NS2A (11), and NS5 (24) genes, which suggests that these genes may be experiencing relatively recent adaptive changes. Furthermore, some polymorphisms correlated with changes in the immunogenicity of several epitopes. Our study highlights the existence of significant and informative DENV variability at the spatio-temporal scale of an urban outbreak.