gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neural Networks of Colored Sequence Synesthesia (2013)

Synesthesia is a condition in which normal stimuli can trigger anomalous associations. In this study, we exploit synesthesia to understand how the synesthetic experience can be explained by subtle changes in network properties. Of the many forms of synesthesia, we focus on colored sequence synesthesia, a form in which colors are associated with overlearned sequences, such as numbers and letters (graphemes). Previous studies have characterized synesthesia using resting-state connectivity or stimulus-driven analyses, but it remains unclear how network properties change as synesthetes move from one condition to another. To address this gap, we used functional MRI in humans to identify grapheme-specific brain regions, thereby constructing a functional "synesthetic" network. We then explored functional connectivity of color and grapheme regions during a synesthesia-inducing fMRI paradigm involving rest, auditory grapheme stimulation, and audiovisual grapheme stimulation. Using Markov networks to represent direct relationships between regions, we found that synesthetes had more connections during rest and auditory conditions. We then expanded the network space to include 90 anatomical regions, revealing that synesthetes tightly cluster in visual regions, whereas controls cluster in parietal and frontal regions. Together, these results suggest that synesthetes have increased connectivity between grapheme and color regions, and that synesthetes use visual regions to a greater extent than controls when presented with dynamic grapheme stimulation. These data suggest that synesthesia is better characterized by studying global network dynamics than by individual properties of a single brain region.
Reactivation of epstein‐barr virus‐specific cytotoxic t cells by in vitro stimulation with the autologous lymphoblastoid cell line (1981)

Unfractionated mononuclear (UM) cells and T cells freshly prepared from the blood of adult donors were co-cultivated in microtest plate wells with progressively lower numbers of cells from the autologous EB-virus-transformed B-cell line. The fresh cells present in co-cultures from EB virus antibody-negative (seronegative) donors regularly facilitated autologous cell line outgrowth, monitored after 4 weeks, whereas outgrowth was markedly inhibited in the corresponding co-cultures from seropositive donors. Larger-scale co-cultures, set up at a ratio of 80-100 fresh UM cells to one autologous virus-transformed B cell, were harvested after 8 to 12 days and the T-cell subpopulation was examined for cytotoxicity both by growth inhibition and by chromium release assays. Cytotoxic T cells were generated exclusively in seropositive donor co-cultures and were strongly active against the autologous virus-transformed cell line without affecting either autologous uninfected B cells or any of a range of EB virus genome-negative target cell lines chosen as sensitive indicators of non-specific cytotoxicity. Recognition of allogeneic EB-virus-transformed cells was restricted to those whose HLA-A and/or B and/or B and/or C antigen expression matched that of the effector cells themselves;; moreover target cell lysis was specifically inhibited in the presence of monoclonal antibodies binding to these HLA antigens. The results indicate that EB-virus-specific HLA-restricted memory T cells, present in the blood of previously-infected individuals, can be reactivated in vitro using the established autologous virus-transformed cell line as a stimulus. THe reactivated cytotoxic cells appear to recognize a virus-induced lymphocyte-detected membrane antigen, LYD-MA, analogous to that first invoked to explain the cytotoxic response to primary EB virus infection observed during infectious monoucleosis.
LEEP3—distance education tips (1997)

The Graduate School of Library and Information Science (GSLIS) at the University of Illinois in Urbana-Champaign is reaching out to potential graduate students in Illinois and beyond. GSLIS is developing an experimental model for delivering high-quality professional instruction through its new distance education M.S. scheduling option, LEEP3 (http://alexia.lis.uiuc.edu/LEEP3/index.html). My talk deals with lessons learned during our first few months of instruction.
Cardioprotective effects of the novel anthracycline antitumor agent N-benzyladriamycin-14-valerate (AD 198) (2004)

1134 The antitumor efficacy of nuclear-targeted anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin (DOX) is often limited by dose-dependent cardiomyopathies occurring in up to 25% of all treated patients at doses as low as 600 mg/sq m and as early as 6 months after DOX-based therapy. Anthracyclines generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) through an iron-dependent redox reactions on the quinone ring of the chromophore. ROS induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis and impede myocardial contractility. Lower doses of DOX reduce the frequency of cardiomyopathies, but produce sub-clinical damage leading to reduced cardiac functional reserve and rendering the patient more sensitive to superimposed cardiac stress. In an effort to eliminate DOX cardiotoxicity while retaining potent antitumor efficacy, we have developed a novel class of extranuclear-targeted anthracyclines, represented by N-benzyladriamycin-14-valerate (AD 198), that retains antitumor potency through a mechanism that is distinct from DOX. AD 198 binds to the C1b regulatory domain of protein kinase C (PKC). The resulting stimulation of kinase activity leads to rapid apoptosis in proliferating cells and is unimpeded by Bcl-2/Bcl-XL, Bcr-Abl, P-gp or p53 dysfunction. AD 198 demonstrates no organ toxicity in vivo and myelosuppression only at higher doses than DOX. Remarkably, AD 198 is chronically non-cardiotoxic in mice despite the presence of a quinone ring capable of generating ROS. To characterize the underlying basis of non-cardiotoxicity, we sought to determine the effect of AD 198 treatment on PKC-e, an important signaling nexus in the preconditioning pathway involved in cardiomyocyte survival. AD 198 induces rapid and specific PKC-e translocation to membrane in isolated rat and mouse cardiomyocytes. PKC-e activation also induces NF-kB activity and phosphorylation of p38-MAPK. Since NF-kB and p38 are two downstream target of PKC involved in myocardial early- and late-phase preconditioning, we tested the ability of AD 198 to induce cardiac preconditioning ex vivo. For this purpose, isolated rat hearts were perfused with oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing either DMSO (vehicle control), DOX or AD 198 for 15 min, then subjected to global ischemia by arterial occlusion, followed by reperfusion with drug-free buffer for 1 hr. Left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) was used as a measure of functional recovery from ischemia. In the presence of DMSO alone, LVDP exhibits a 22.5% recovery during reperfusion compared with pre-ischemic pressure. Perfusion with 1 uM DOX decreases post-ischemic LVDP recovery to just 7.5%. Perfusion with AD 198 as low as 0.1 uM produces up to 82.4% recovery of LVDP. Studies in PKC-e knockout mice reveal reduced cardioprotection by AD 198. These results suggest that AD 198 non-cardiotoxicity in vivo correlates with induction of cardioprotective signaling in myocytes through PKC-e activation.
On averages seen by arrivals in discrete time (2003)

A study is made of the limiting behavior of averages from an embedded stochastic process obtained by sampling a discrete-time stochastic process at points of an associated discrete-time stochastic point process. It is determined when the limit of the averages from the embedded process coincides with the limit of the averages from the original process. In a certain stationary Markov framework, this happens if and only if the point process is a Bernoulli sequence with future points being independent of the state of the Markov process.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Potential of educational cystoscopy atlas for augmented intelligence (2023)

Background: Cystoscopy is a common urological procedure for evaluation and treatment of diseases of the lower urinary tract. Cystoscopic recognition of cancerous and benign lesions of the bladder may be challenging given the wide spectrum of pathology and the experience of the urologist. Although computer-aided detection tools hold the potential to improve the urologist’s performance, compiling a comprehensive dataset to train such tools remain a challenge. Educational cystoscopy atlas represents an alternative strategy to overcome this challenge. Materials and Methods: Mimicking the human behavior, we utilized an educational cystoscopy atlas to develop deep learning models for lesion detection. We applied a total of 312 images representing 7 major urologic findings from a cystoscopy atlas. A random image augmentation was applied to these images and included color contrast manipulation, image flipping and shearing. We utilized a neural architecture search to determine the optimal model design; For each case, we examined the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC), the specificity, sensitivity, the positive predictive value (PPV) and the negative predictive value (NPV) and to classify frames according to the cancer presence status on 68 cystoscopy videos. Results: The median per-case AUROC for the frame classification was 0.680 by a median specificity of 0.312 and a median sensitivity of 0.867. At frame level, the median per-case PPV was 0.347 and the median per-case NPV was 0.837. All lesions were correctly flagged by our model.
Preoperative Hemodialysis Timing and Postoperative Mortality in Patients With End-stage Kidney Disease (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reductive Dechlorination of 1,2,3,4-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and Its Products by Anaerobic Mixed Cultures from Saale River Sediment (1997)

The capability of anaerobic bacterial consortia from different environmental sources including soils, sewage sludges, and sediment of the river Saale (Germany) to dehalogenate chlorinated dioxins was compared using 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (1,2,3,4-TCDD) as the model compound. The inocula were amended with mineral medium and organic acids and spiked with a high concentration (50 μM) of 1,2,3,4-TCDD to stimulate microbial dehalogenating activity. Reductive dechlorination was observed to 1,3-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (1,3-DCDD) as the main product and to minor amounts of the 1,2,4- and 1,2,3-trichlorodibenzo-p-dioxins (TrCDD) using incubations with Saale River sediment. No reaction was observed in the controls and in incubations with soils or sewage sludges. The dechlorination of 1,2,4- and 1,2,3-TrCDD was analyzed in separate subcultures. Reductive dechlorination of 1,2,4-TrCDD was a relative fast process (about 6 μM converted within 58 days) and yielded only one product (1,3-DCDD). 1,2,3-TrCDD was slowly dechlorinated to equal amounts of 1,3- and 2,3-DCDD. These observations suggest that the main dechlorination route of 1,2,3,4-TCDD to 1,3-DCDD proceeds primarily via the removal of a lateral chlorine atom with 1,2,4-TrCDD as the intermediate.
Towards informatic analysis of syslogs (2005)

The complexity and cost of isolating the root cause of system problems in large parallel computers generally scales with the size of the system. Syslog messages provide a primary source of system feedback, but manual review is tedious and error prone. Informatic analysis can be used to detect subtle anomalies in the syslog message stream, thereby increasing the availability of the overall system. In This work the author describes the use of the bioinformatic-inspired Teiresias algorithm to automatically classify syslog messages, and compare it to an existing log analysis tool (SLCT). He then describes the use of occurrence statistics to group time-correlated messages, and present a simple graphical user interface for viewing analysis results. Finally, example analyses of syslogs from three independent clusters are presented.
Improved coalescence stability of monodisperse phospholipid-coated microbubbles formed by flow-focusing at elevated temperatures (2018)

Monodisperse phospholipid-coated ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) microbubbles can be directly synthesized in a lab-on-a-chip flow-focusing device. However, high total lipid concentrations are required to minimize on-chip bubble coalescence. Here, we characterize the coalescence probability and the long-term size stability of microbubbles formed using DPPC and DSPC based lipid mixtures as a function of temperature. We show that the coalescence probability can be dramatically reduced by increasing the temperature during bubble formation. Moreover, it is shown that the increased coalescence stability can be explained from an exponential increase of the relative viscosity in the thin liquid film between the colliding bubbles. Furthermore, it was found that the relative viscosity of a DPPC lipid mixture is 7.6 times higher than that of a DSPC mixture and that it can be explained solely from the higher DPPC liposome concentration. Regarding long-term bubble stability, the ratio of the initial on-chip bubble size to the final stable bubble size was always found to be 2.2 for DPPC and DSPC coated bubbles with 10 mol% DPPE-PEG5000, independent of the temperature. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the microbubble suspensions formed at elevated temperatures are highly stable over a time window of 2 to 4 days when collected in a vial. All in all, this work shows that, by increasing the temperature during bubble formation from room temperature to 70 °C, the efficiency of the use of phospholipids in microbubble formation by flow-focusing can be increased by 5 times.
Modeling of uncertainty and applications in monitoring and control of power electronics (2005)

This paper describes the application of polynomial chaos theory to the modeling, simulation, and control of power electronics systems. The result of this work is a circuit simulation method that is able to quantitatively account for the uncertainty of component parameters, and thereby reveal the effects of those uncertainties, during the design process. This paper introduces the mathematical background and then three, different applications: automatic system modeling under uncertainty, uncertainty-based control, uncertainty-based monitoring and diagnostics.
A Scaleable FIR Filter Implementation Using 32-bit Floating- Point Complex Arithmetic on a FPGA Based Custom Computing Platform (1998)

This thesis presents a linear phase finite impulse response filter implementation developed on a custom computing platform called WILDFORCE. The work has been motivated by ways to off-load intensive computing tasks to hardware for indoor communications channel modeling. The design entails complex convolution filters with customized lengths that can support channel impulse response profiles generated by SIRCIM. The paper details the partitioning for a fully pipelined convolution algorithm onto field programmable gate arrays through VHDL synthesis. Using WILDFORCE, the filter can achieve calculations at 160 MFLOPs/s.
Fine Mesh Computational Fluid Dynamics Study on Gas-Fluidization of Geldart A Particles: Homogeneous to Bubbling Bed (2016)

Gas-fluidization of Geldart A particles was simulated for a domain of lab-scale dimensions. Hydrodynamics of homogeneous regime and transition to bubbling were studied. In this context a detailed fine mesh simulation study is presented for the first time, using the state-of-the-art two-fluid model (TFM). The effect of particle density was investigated. The fine mesh simulations were analyzed for insights into bed transition from homogeneous to bubbling regime and the effect of interparticle forces (IPFs). Simulations reveal that transition to bubbling occurs over a velocity range rather than at a discrete velocity. We propose an index to quantify the effect of IPFs on bed expansion. During homogeneous expansion this IPF index was found to drop exponentially with velocity. It became negligible as bubbling ensued which is in line with the literature. The simulated average bed voidage was found comparable to the corresponding Eulerian−Lagrangian and experimental data.
Dopamine transporter and synaptic vesicle sorting defects underlie auxilin-associated Parkinson’s disease (2023)

Auxilin participates in the uncoating of clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs), thereby facilitating synaptic vesicle (SV) regeneration at presynaptic sites. Auxilin (DNAJC6/PARK19) loss-of-function mutations cause early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we utilized auxilin knockout (KO) mice to elucidate the mechanisms through which auxilin deficiency and clathrin-uncoating deficits lead to PD. Auxilin KO mice display cardinal features of PD, including progressive motor deficits, α-synuclein pathology, nigral dopaminergic loss, and neuroinflammation. Significantly, treatment with L-DOPA ameliorated motor deficits. Unbiased proteomic and neurochemical analyses of auxilin KO brains indicated dopamine dyshomeostasis. We validated these findings by demonstrating slower dopamine reuptake kinetics in vivo, an effect associated with dopamine transporter misrouting into axonal membrane deformities in the dorsal striatum. Defective SV protein sorting and elevated synaptic autophagy also contribute to ineffective dopamine sequestration and compartmentalization, ultimately leading to neurodegeneration. This study provides insights into how presynaptic endocytosis deficits lead to dopaminergic vulnerability and pathogenesis of PD.
Design of the opacity spectrometer for opacity measurements at the National Ignition Facility (2016)

Recent experiments at the Sandia National Laboratory Z facility have called into question models used in calculating opacity, of importance for modeling stellar interiors. An effort is being made to reproduce these results at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). These experiments require a new X-ray opacity spectrometer (OpSpec) spanning 540 eV-2100 eV with a resolving power E/ΔE > 700. The design of the OpSpec is presented. Photometric calculations based on expected opacity data are also presented. First use on NIF is expected in September 2016.
Assembly of Capsules for Irradiation of Silicon Carbide Joint Specimens in the High Flux Isotope Reactor (2019)

This report provides a summary of the test matrix and assembly of thirteen capsules containing silicon carbide joint specimens, where the goal of this experiment is to investigate the effects of irradiation on such joints. Two capsule designs are used to accommodate two different specimen geometries: a small torsion specimen to measure basic thermomechanical properties, and a cladding-style “end plug” specimen to demonstrate the strength and integrity of such cladding under typical thermal gradients and stresses. The assembled capsules are scheduled for two cycles of irradiation in the flux trap of the High Flux Isotope Reactor with two different target temperatures: 350 and 750°C.
Technische Mechanik 2 (2008)

Diese didaktisch hervorragend konzipierte Einführung in die Grundlagen der Statik, der Festigkeitslehre sowie der Kinematik und Kinetik bleibt nicht bei der reinen Wissensvermittlung stehen. Seit der ersten Auflage vermittelt das immer wieder aktualisierte und von Studenten und Studentinnen sehr geschätzte Werk ein umfassendes Verständnis der Zusammenhänge und der physikalischen Vorgänge in der Technischen Mechanik. Anhand zahlreicher Problemstellungen im Bereich Maschinenbau wird die jeweilige Bearbeitung und Lösung ausführlich erläutert. Neben der Ermittlung des Ergebnisses legen die Autoren besonderen Wert auf dessen Interpretation und Deutung. Dies ist für den angehenden Ingenieur von besonderer Bedeutung, da er über die "formelmäßige" Statik hinaus ein Gefühl für die Wirkung von Kräften an Bauteilen entwickeln kann. Die dazu erforderliche Übung erhält der Leser durch das Bearbeiten und Lösen von Übungsaufgaben. Eine Vielzahl solcher Aufgaben ist in diesem Buch enthalten und ermöglicht dem Leser, seine Fertigkeiten im Bereich Statik selbstständig zu schulen. Band 2 Festigkeitslehre befasst sich mit den verschiedenen Belastungsfällen wie zum Beispiel Zug, Druck, Abscheren, Biegung, Knickung für Geometrien und Materialien, die typisch sind für die Konstruktionen im Maschinenbau.
Sexual behaviour and the spread of HIV – Statistical and epidemiological modelling applications (2010)

Central in the work are six papers describing the sexual behaviour of populations at increased risk for HIV infection as well as opportunities for HIV prevention. The first two papers investigate the sexual behaviour and contraceptive use of youth in the Balkans. The third paper discusses the conditions required to unlock the potential of HIV prevention through sport-based programmes, while the next paper is a case study of the impact of the AIDS awareness and prevention project of the Mathare Youth Sport Association in Kenya on risky sexual behaviour of youth in Mathare. In the final two papers, epidemiological models are developed to investigate role of concurrent partnerships in the spread of HIV. Rather than to model concurrency explicitly, the null hypothesis – serial monogamy – is modelled, and the doubling of HIV epidemics under serial monogamy is compared to the observed doubling time of the South African HIV epidemic. Additionally, an individual-based stochastic model (SIMPACT) is developed to study the impact of HIV prevention interventions in sexual networks characterised by concurrency and complex age mixing patterns.
Ignimbrite textural properties as determinants of endolithic colonization patterns from hyper-arid Atacama Desert. (2014)

This study explores the photosynthetic microbial colonization of rhyolitic ignimbrites in Lomas de Tilocalar, a hyper-arid region of the Atacama Desert, Chile. Colonization appeared in the form of a green layer a few millimeters beneath the ignimbrite surface. Some ignimbrite rocks revealed two distinct micromorphological areas of identical mineralogical and chemical composition but different textural properties. According to texture, colonization patterns varied in terms of the extension and depth of colonization. The diversity of photosynthetic microorganisms was assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of the 23S rRNA gene and by generating clone libraries of the 16S rRNA gene. We observed a low diversity of photosynthetic microorganisms colonizing the ignimbrite microhabitat. Most rRNA gene sequences recovered greatly resembled those of Chroococcidiopsis hypolith clones from arid deserts. These results point to highly restrictive conditions of the hyper-arid Atacama Desert conditioning the diversity of cyanobacteria, and suggest that microbial colonization and composition patterns might be determined by the microscale physico-chemical properties of the ignimbrite rocks.