gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antiproliferative effect on HepaRG cell cultures of new calix[4]arenes. Part II (2010)

Cell cycle progression is dependent on the intracellular iron level and chelators can lead to iron depletion and decrease cell proliferation. This antiproliferative effect can be inhibited by exogenous iron. In this work, we present the synthesis of some new synthetic calix[4]arene podands bearing diamino-tetraesters, diamino-tetraalcohols, diamino-tetraacid and tetraaryloxypentoxy groups at the lower rim, designed as potential iron chelators. We report their effect on cell proliferation, in comparison with the new oral chelator ICL670A (4-[3,5-bis-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-benzoic acid). The antiproliferative effect of these new compounds was studied in the human hepatocarcinoma HepaRG cell cultures using cell nuclei counting after staining with the DNA intercalating fluorescence dye, Hoechst 33342. Their cytotoxicity was evaluated by the extracellular LDH activity. Preliminary results indicated that their antiproliferative effect was mainly due to their cytotoxicity. The efficiency of these compounds, being comparable to that of ICL670, was independent of iron depletion. This effect remains to be further explored. Moreover, it also shows that the new substituted calix[4]arenes could open the way to valuable new approaches for medicinal chemistry scaffolding.
Extrusion of wheat or sorghum and/or addition of exogenous enzymes to pig diets influences the large intestinal microbiota but does not prevent development of swine dysentery following experimental challenge (2000)

A study was made of dietary influences on the large intestinal microbiota of pigs and on the incidence of swine dysentery (SD) after experimental infection with Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, the aetiological agent of SD. Animals were fed diets based either on wheat (expts 1 and 2) or sorghum (expt 2). Grains were ground and fed either raw or after high temperature and pressure extrusion and/or after addition of exogenous enzymes to the whole diet to reduce the starch and soluble non-starch polysaccharides available for fermentation in the large intestine. Limiting fermentation creates conditions that apparently reduce the incidence of SD after infection with B. hyodysenteriae. The diets were fed to weaned pigs for 4-6 weeks, then half the animals on each diet were killed and gut samples collected for microbiology. The treatments had little effect on bacterial numbers. In expt 1, dietary extrusion of wheat reduced lactobacilli in the large intestine. Addition of enzymes to extruded wheat-based diets in expt 2 reduced facultative anaerobes and increased non-sporing anaerobes. Addition of enzymes to a raw sorghum diet in expt 3 decreased numbers of facultative anaerobes, while extrusion of sorghum increased total anaerobes. Bacteroides spp. and Fusobacterium spp., which act in synergy with B. hyodysenteriae in SD, were isolated at a higher percentage in pigs fed the untreated wheat diet than in pigs fed the treated wheat diets. Following experimental infection the incidence of SD amongst pigs fed treated wheat diets was slightly lower than those fed the untreated diet, but with sorghum-based diets the opposite was found. Overall, the different dietary treatments used did not significantly reduce SD.
Evaluation of Biometric Technology on XM2VTS (2001)

LIDIAP
Imaging Denatured Collagen Strands <em>In vivo</em> and <em>Ex vivo</em> via Photo-triggered Hybridization of Caged Collagen Mimetic Peptides (2014)

Collagen is a major structural component of the extracellular matrix that supports tissue formation and maintenance. Although collagen remodeling is an integral part of normal tissue renewal, excessive amount of remodeling activity is involved in tumors, arthritis, and many other pathological conditions. During collagen remodeling, the triple helical structure of collagen molecules is disrupted by proteases in the extracellular environment. In addition, collagens present in many histological tissue samples are partially denatured by the fixation and preservation processes. Therefore, these denatured collagen strands can serve as effective targets for biological imaging. We previously developed a caged collagen mimetic peptide (CMP) that can be photo-triggered to hybridize with denatured collagen strands by forming triple helical structure, which is unique to collagens. The overall goals of this procedure are i) to image denatured collagen strands resulting from normal remodeling activities in vivo, and ii) to visualize collagens in ex vivo tissue sections using the photo-triggered caged CMPs. To achieve effective hybridization and successful in vivo and ex vivo imaging, fluorescently labeled caged CMPs are either photo-activated immediately before intravenous injection, or are directly activated on tissue sections. Normal skeletal collagen remolding in nude mice and collagens in prefixed mouse cornea tissue sections are imaged in this procedure. The imaging method based on the CMP-collagen hybridization technology presented here could lead to deeper understanding of the tissue remodeling process, as well as allow development of new diagnostics for diseases associated with high collagen remodeling activity.
High-Resolution Structure and Conformational Dynamics of Rigid, Cofacially Aligned Porphyrin−Bridge−Quinone Systems As Determined by NMR Spectroscopy and ab Initio Simulated Annealing Calculations (2001)

The high-resolution solution structure and dynamics of a cofacially aligned porphyrin--phenylene--quinone compound have been determined using (1)H NMR spectroscopy and simulated annealing calculations. Members of this class of pi-stacked assemblies feature a 1,8-naphthyl pillaring motif that enforces sub van der Waals interplanar separations between juxtaposed porphyryl, aromatic bridge, and quinonyl components of the donor--spacer--acceptor compound; this structural motif gives rise to a comprehensive set of structurally significant NOE signatures that can be used as constraints in quantitative structural calculations. Examination of such data using ab initio simulated annealing analytical methods shows that 5-[8'-(4' '-[8' "-(2' " ',5' "-benzoquinonyl)-1' "-naphthyl]-1' '-phenyl)-1'-naphthyl]-10,20-diphenylporphyrin displays an unusual degree of conformational homogeneity in the condensed phase, and represents a rare example where such an analysis determines unequivocally a single unique structure in solution.
Projected impacts of climate change on hydropower potential in China (2016)

Abstract. Hydropower is an important renewable energy source in China, but it is sensitive to climate change, because the changing climate may alter hydrological conditions (e.g., river flow and reservoir storage). Future changes and associated uncertainties in China's gross hydropower potential (GHP) and developed hydropower potential (DHP) are projected using simulations from eight global hydrological models (GHMs), including a large-scale reservoir regulation model, forced by five general circulation models (GCMs) with climate data under two representative concentration pathways (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5). Results show that the estimation of the present GHP of China is comparable to other studies; overall, the annual GHP is projected to change by −1.7 to 2 % in the near future (2020–2050) and increase by 3 to 6 % in the late 21st century (2070–2099). The annual DHP is projected to change by −2.2 to −5.4 % (0.7–1.7 % of the total installed hydropower capacity (IHC)) and −1.3 to −4 % (0.4–1.3 % of total IHC) for 2020–2050 and 2070–2099, respectively. Regional variations emerge: GHP will increase in northern China but decrease in southern China – mostly in south central China and eastern China – where numerous reservoirs and large IHCs currently are located. The area with the highest GHP in southwest China will have more GHP, while DHP will reduce in the regions with high IHC (e.g., Sichuan and Hubei) in the future. The largest decrease in DHP (in %) will occur in autumn or winter, when streamflow is relatively low and water use is competitive. Large ranges in hydropower estimates across GHMs and GCMs highlight the necessity of using multimodel assessments under climate change conditions. This study prompts the consideration of climate change in planning for hydropower development and operations in China, to be further combined with a socioeconomic analysis for strategic expansion.
Three Characteristics Associated with Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Man (1973)

In Dacca, Bangladesh, potent enterotoxin-producing Escherichia coli were isolated from many hospital cases of acute cholera-like diarrhea. Enterotoxigenic (tox(+)) and non-enterotoxigenic (tox(-)) isolates of E. coli were used to investigate possible means of differentiating tox(+)E. coli from those (tox(-)) of the normal flora. The majority (81%) of the tox(+)E. coli studied were found to be negative for sucrose fermentation, 85% exhibited retarded growth in a peptone medium at pH 8.5, and 92% released large amounts of ammonium sulfate precipitable materials into culture supernatant fluids; 66.6% exhibited all three of these properties. For the tox(-) group the respective values were found to be 50%, 31%, and 34%; only 9.3% exhibited all three properties. These results indicate that it may be possible to use phenotypic characteristics other than antigenic composition and enterotoxin production for the identification of enterotoxigenic E. coli.
Antinociceptive Activity and Preliminary Structure-Activity Relationship of Chalcone-Like Compounds (2008)

Chalcones belong to a class of alpha,beta,-unsaturated aromatic ketones which occur abundantly in nature, especially in plants. They are promising and interesting compounds due to their vast applications in pharmaceuticals, agriculture and industry. Several studies have shown that these compounds exert important biological activities in different experimental models. The present work deals with the antinociceptive activity, evaluated against the writhing test, of three series of chalcone-like compounds obtained by the Claisen-Schmidt condensation, using different aldehydes and substituted acetophenones. The results reveal that the compounds synthesized show a significant antinociceptive effect compared with nonsteroidal drugs such as aspirin, paracetamol and diclofenac. They also show that the electronic demand of the substituents is the dominant factor of the biological activity.
Video--post- PEGPH20 tumor vascular area from Enzymatic Depletion of Tumor Hyaluronan Induces Antitumor Responses in Preclinical Animal Models (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Video - 2-D ultrasound cine loop of post- PEGPH20 tumor vascular area 15 mg/kg PEGPH20 at t = 8h; Mouse #149&lt;/p&gt;
Recent tests of negative electron affinity photocathodes as source for electron lithography and microscopy (2001)

We report recent results from tests of laser driven and modulated negative electron affinity photocathodes as high-brightness electron sources. Preliminary tests used an electron column that could image the cathode surface with a resolution of less than 100 nm. We measured a current density of 2.4(±0.2) A/cm2 from an emission area with a diameter [full width at half maximum (FWHM)] of 3.5 μm. However, unwanted field emission in the gun (aided by the presence of Cs) limited the extraction field to about 1 kV/mm and negatively affected quantum efficiency and emission stability. A curve fit of the source angle with accelerating voltage gave a typical transverse energy spread of 44(±2) meV, for an extrapolated brightness at 50 kV of 1.7×106 (±0.2) A/cm2 sr. Indications that space charge above the flat cathode limited the current density are presented; a possible model is discussed. The electron gun has been redesigned for electric fields up to 7 kV/mm (where space-charge effects are unlikely) with no field emission. Lack of access to an imaging column has prevented subsequent measurements of current density and brightness. In a nonimaging column an emission current of 200(±0.4) nA, from a single emission area, has been maintained for more than a week, with no reapplication of cesium. As with other photocathodes, variations of quantum efficiency after sudden changes in illumination intensity are usually present. We suggest that competing effects of Cs mobility and electron trapping explain this behavior. Transverse energy spreads (FWHM) have been studied as a function of extracted current; 20(±5) meV at small currents (&amp;lt;10 nA) and 70 meV at large currents (700 nA), both from an illumination area of less than 2 μm diameter, are typical.
Selfprotective smart orthopedic implants (2006)

In this review, we discuss current advances leading to an exciting change in implant design for orthopedic surgery. The initial biomaterial approaches in implant design are being replaced by cellular-molecular interactions and nanoscale chemistry. New designs address implant complications, particularly loosening and infection. For infection, local delivery systems are an important first step in the process. Selfprotective 'smart' devices are an example of the next generation of orthopedic implants. If proven to be effective, antibiotics or other active molecules that are tethered to the implant surface through a permanent covalent bond and tethering of antibiotics or other biofactors are likely to transform the practice of orthopedic surgery and other medical specialties. This new technology has the potential to eliminate periprosthetic infection, a major and growing problem in orthopedic practice.
Biconvex posterior chamber accommodating intraocular lens implantation after cataract surgery: Long-term outcomes (2010)

Four years after implantation of an accommodating IOL, most patients had good vision and were satisfied, although the accommodation amplitude for near vision was not sufficient throughout the follow-up.
Von den Großen unseres Fachs: Zum 100. Geburtstag von Günter Stüttgen (2019)

Zusammenfassung Prof. Dr. Günter Stüttgen wurde am 23. 1. 1919 in Düsseldorf geboren. Die medizinische Ausbildung erfolgte an den Universitäten Freiburg, Marburg und Düsseldorf. Er promovierte über die „Cholinesterase im Blutserum“ mit Publikation 1942. Nach seiner kumulativen Habilitation 1951 wurde er 1957 außerordentlicher Professor. Nach Aufenthalten in leitenden Positionen an den Hautkliniken in Aachen, Frankfurt und Köln und erfolgreicher weiterer wissenschaftlicher Karriere in Düsseldorf erhielt er 1968 den Ruf auf den Lehrstuhl für Dermato-Venereologie an der Freien Universität Berlin im Rudolf-Virchow-Krankenhaus. Forschungsschwerpunkte waren Physiologie, Biochemie und Pharmakologie der Haut. Nach seiner Emeritierung 1988 initierte er mit C. E. Orfanos zusammen erfolgreich die Gründung der Berliner Stiftung für Dermatologie. Er verstarb am 21. Oktober 2003.
Preconcentration of Rare Earth Elements in Seawater with Poly(acrylaminophosphonic dithiocarbamate) Chelating Fiber Prior to Determination by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (1998)

A new ion-exchange chelating fiber with aminophosphonic and dithiocarbamate groups based on polyacrylonitrile was developed for the preconcentration of rare earth elements (REEs) in seawater prior to their determination by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. REEs can be easily separated from the high-saline matrix using the fiber. The optimum experimental parameters such as pH, flow rate, sample volume, and effect of matrix ions for preconcentration of REEs were investigated. All REEs in water can be quantitatively retained in the acidity range of pH 3−6 by the fiber and then eluted quantitatively with 0.01 mol L-1 ammonium citrate. The fiber has been applied to the concentration of REEs in seawater. The relative standard deviations for the determination of REEs in seawater at nanogram per liter levels were found to be less than 5%. A reasonably good agreement is obtained with the data reported in the literature.
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes: a 23 year cohort study (2020)

All women with GDM should be intensively monitored for a decade, after which the risk for type 1 diabetes is minimal. However, the incidence of type 2 diabetes remains linear, and therefore individualised lifelong follow-up is recommended.
Photoconductive THz generation at 1.5 &#x03BC;m excitation in InGaAs/InAlAs structures with separated photoconductive and trapping layers (2011)

We present first results on photoconductive switches based on MBE grown InGaAs/InAlAs multi-nanolayer structures with separated trapping and photoconductive layers, the later exhibiting high carrier mobility. The high mobility significantly increases the optical power-to-THz conversion efficiency, while the emitted THz bandwidth exceeds 3 THz.
Piston-actuated active surge control of centrifugal compressor including integral action (2011)

An improvement in control performance of piston-actuated active surge control for centrifugal compressor by using integral action is presented in this paper. The active surge control is designed by using linear quadratic requlator (LQR) method based on the linearized system around the operating point. Simulation results show the active controller is able to stabilize the surge but not able to reach the desired operating point. The reason for this is the piston drift during surge stabilization. The surge control system is then enhanced by including integral action for counter acting the drift. Simulation results show the enhanced system is performing well in stabilizing surge without piston drift and reaching the desired operating point, but the piston position has non zero stationary value. One more integral is applied to the system to bring the piston position back to the origin. Applying double integrals action also results less required piston stroke for the surge stabilization.
Computational Approaches for Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI) Prediction: State of the Art and Challenges (2019)

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is one of the prevailing causes of fulminant hepatic failure. It is estimated that three idiosyncratic drug reactions out of four result in liver transplantation or death. Additionally, DILI is the most common reason for withdrawal of an approved drug from the market. Therefore, the development of methods for the early identification of hepatotoxic drug candidates is of crucial importance. This review focuses on the current state of cheminformatics strategies being applied for the early in silico prediction of DILI. Herein, we discuss key issues associated with DILI modeling in terms of the data size, imbalance and quality, complexity of mechanisms, and the different levels of hepatotoxicity to model going from general hepatotoxicity to the molecular initiating events of DILI.
Rapid porcine corneal decellularization through the use of sodium N-lauroyl glutamate and supernuclease (2019)

Corneal decellularization represents a promising alternative source of human donor with global shortage. Multiple methods have been developed for the preparation of decellularized porcine corneal stroma. However, most strategies relied on long-time treatment to facilitate the entry of detergents or nucleases, which may cause irreversible ultrastructural damage. Here, we developed a rapid decellularization method for porcine corneal stroma through the combined mild detergent sodium N-lauroyl glutamate (SLG) and supernuclease. Compared with traditional methods, the novel decellularization method allowed the efficient removal of xenoantigen DNA within 3 h, while retaining the ultrastructure, transparency, and mechanical properties of porcine corneas. When transplanted in rabbit model for 1 month, the decellularized porcine corneal grafts presented favorable transparency and biocompatibility without immune rejection. Therefore, the combined use of detergent SLG and supernuclease may serve as a promising method for the clinical use of decellularized porcine cornea.
Network of Dynamic Interactions between Histone H1 and High-Mobility-Group Proteins in Chromatin (2004)

Histone H1 and the high-mobility group (HMG) proteins are chromatin binding proteins that regulate gene expression by modulating the compactness of the chromatin fiber and affecting the ability of regulatory factors to access their nucleosomal targets. Histone H1 stabilizes the higher-order chromatin structure and decreases nucleosomal access, while the HMG proteins decrease the compactness of the chromatin fiber and enhance the accessibility of chromatin targets to regulatory factors. Here we show that in living cells, each of the three families of HMG proteins weakens the binding of H1 to nucleosomes by dynamically competing for chromatin binding sites. The HMG families weaken H1 binding synergistically and do not compete among each other, suggesting that they affect distinct H1 binding sites. We suggest that a network of dynamic and competitive interactions involving HMG proteins and H1, and perhaps other structural proteins, constantly modulates nucleosome accessibility and the local structure of the chromatin fiber.
Syphilis Fast Latex Agglutination Test, a Rapid Confirmatory Test (2001)

Using 255 serum samples with various reactivities, we evaluated the Syphilis Fast latex agglutination test (Syphilis Fast) against the Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test (TP-PA) for confirming a diagnosis of syphilis. We found 98.8% agreement between the Syphilis Fast and the TP-PA. The Syphilis Fast, however, had a couple of advantages over the TP-PA: the test takes only 8 min to perform and produces results that are easy to read. It appears to be a good confirmatory test for syphilis, especially for point-of-care clinics such as prenatal or sexually transmitted disease clinics.
Slow progression of pediatric HIV associates with early CD8+ T cell PD-1 expression and a stem-like phenotype (2023)

HIV nonprogression despite persistent viremia is rare among adults who are naive to antiretroviral therapy (ART) but relatively common among ART-naive children. Previous studies indicate that ART-naive pediatric slow progressors (PSPs) adopt immune evasion strategies similar to those described in natural hosts of SIV. However, the mechanisms underlying this immunophenotype are not well understood. In a cohort of early-treated infants who underwent analytical treatment interruption (ATI) after 12 months of ART, expression of PD-1 on CD8+ T cells immediately before ATI was the main predictor of slow progression during ATI. PD-1+CD8+ T cell frequency was also negatively correlated with CCR5 and HLA-DR expression on CD4+ T cells and predicted stronger HIV-specific T lymphocyte responses. In the CD8+ T cell compartment of PSPs, we identified an enrichment of stem-like TCF-1+PD-1+ memory cells, whereas pediatric progressors and viremic adults had a terminally exhausted PD-1+CD39+ population. TCF-1+PD-1+ expression on CD8+ T cells was associated with higher proliferative activity and stronger Gag-specific effector functionality. These data prompted the hypothesis that the proliferative burst potential of stem-like HIV-specific cytotoxic cells could be exploited in therapeutic strategies to boost the antiviral response and facilitate remission in infants who received early ART with a preserved and nonexhausted T cell compartment.