gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intrathecal baclofen withdrawal simulating neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a child with cerebral palsy (2000)

Intrathecal baclofen infusion (IBI) is being used with increasing frequency in children to treat spasticity and dystonia. In this report, we summarize the clinical course of a 9-year-old boy with quadriplegic cerebral palsy with mixed tonal abnormalities (spasticity and dystonia) experiencing withdrawal from intrathecal baclofen. His clinical course is compared to that of adults experiencing withdrawal from IBI and to neuroleptic malignant syndrome. If unrecognized, this disorder may have significant potential for morbidity and mortality. Clues to diagnosis, appropriate evaluation, and potential treatments are discussed. When a child treated with IBI presents with unexplained multiorgan system dysfunction, particularly if accompanied by evidence of rhabdomyolysis, the integrity of the IBI system must be evaluated. In some cases, evaluation might necessitate surgical exploration. Caregivers most commonly seek urgent evaluation and treatment from their primary care provider when their child experiences fever or acute illness. Primary care providers of children treated with IBI should be made aware of this clinical scenario to prevent delays in diagnosis.
CuH-Catalyzed Enantioselective Alkylation of Indole Derivatives with Ligand-Controlled Regiodivergence (2018)

Enantioenriched molecules bearing indole-substituted stereocenters form a class of privileged compounds in biological, medicinal, and organic chemistry. Thus, the development of methods for asymmetric indole alkylation is highly valuable in organic synthesis. Traditionally, achieving N-selectivity in indole alkylation reactions is a significant challenge, since there is an intrinsic preference for alkylation at C3, the most nucleophilic position. Furthermore, selective and predictable access to either N- and C3-alkylated chiral indoles using catalyst control has been a long-standing goal in indole functionalization. Herein, we report a ligand-controlled regiodivergent synthesis of N- and C3-alkylated chiral indoles that relies on a polarity reversal strategy. In contrast to conventional alkylation reactions in which indoles are employed as nucleophiles, this transformation employs electrophilic indole derivatives, N-(benzoyloxy)indoles, as coupling partners. N- or C3-alkylated indoles are prepared with high levels of regio- and enantioselectivity using a copper hydride catalyst. The regioselectivity is governed by the use of either DTBM-SEGPHOS or Ph-BPE as the supporting ligand. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are conducted to elucidate the origin of the ligand-controlled regiodivergence.
An Efficient Input Mobility Mapping Computational Method (2017)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The input mobility is a crucial structural parameter regarding vibro-acoustic design of industrial objects. Whatever the frequency range, the vibrational power input into a structure -and consequently the average structural-acoustic response- is governed by the input mobility. When packaging structure-borne noise sources, the knowledge of the input mobility at the source connection points is mandatory for noise control. The input mobility is classically computed at the required points as a specific Frequency Response Function (FRF). During an industrial design process, the choice of connection points requires an a priori knowledge of the input mobility at every possible location of the studied structure-borne source, i.e. a mapping of the input mobility. The classical FRF computation at every Degree Of Freedom (DOF) of the considered structure would lead to consider millions of load cases which is beyond current computational limits.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper presents how to efficiently compute the full map of band-averaged input mobility over a Finite Elements mesh. The proposed method is based upon a modal decomposition of the structural response and analytical frequency integration; consequently, it only requires the modal basis as it is currently computed. The frequency band average allows optimizing the storage size. Since the input mobility is a real quantity, associated to each DOF of a structure, modal display tools can be used without modification.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Thus, a meaningful map is provided, allowing efficient structural dynamics analysis over a broad frequency range.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Scaling of silicon nanoparticle growth in low temperature flowing plasmas (2021)

Low temperature plasmas are an emerging method to synthesize high quality nanoparticles (NPs). An established and successful technique to produce NPs is using a capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) in cylindrical geometry. Although a robust synthesis technique, optimizing or specifying NP properties using CCPs, is challenging. In this paper, results from a computational investigation for the growth of silicon NPs in flowing inductively coupled plasmas (ICPs) using Ar/SiH4 gas mixtures of up to a few Torr are discussed. ICPs produce more locally constrained and quiescent plasma potentials. These positive plasma potentials produce an electrostatic trap for negatively charged NPs, which can significantly extend the residence time of NPs in the plasma, which in turn provides a controllable period for particle growth. The computational platforms used in this study consist of a two-dimensional plasma hydrodynamics model, a three-dimensional nanoparticle growth and trajectory tracking model, and a molecular dynamics simulation for deriving reactive sticking coefficients of silane radicals on Si NPs. Trends for the nanoparticle growth as a function of SiH4 inlet fraction, gas residence time, energy deposition per particle, pressure, and reactor diameter are discussed. The general path for particle synthesis is the trapping of small NPs in the positive electrostatic potential, followed by entrainment in the gas flow upon reaching a critical particle size. Optimizing or controlling NP synthesis then depends on the spatial distribution of plasma potential, the density of growth species, and the relative time that particles spend in the electrostatic trap and flowing through higher densities of growth species upon leaving the trap.
Dry Matter, Nitrogen Distribution, and Dinitrogen Fixation in Contrasting Alfalfa Symbioses1 (1987)

Improving dinitrogen (N 2 ) fixation of alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) requires combining effective rhizobial strains and host genotypes capable of enhanced N 2 fixation. Glasshouse experiments on pot‐grown alfalfa determined how changes in the rhizobial and host genomes associated with N 2 fixation affect dry matter and N yields and distribution at vegetative, flower bud, and 30% flowering developmental stages. We compared dry matter and N yield and distribution in a host‐ and a rhizobial‐conditioned ineffective (Fix + ) and in a related effective (Fix + ) symbiotic combination, and investigated the effect of combined N on N 2 fixation and on the distribution of symbolically fixed N 2 in two unrelated Fix + alfalfa germplasms. Dry matter and N yield and response to added N (0, 40, 80 kg/ha) of the host‐conditioned and the rhizobial‐conditioned Fix − combinations were similar. Without combined N, both Fix − combinations distributed relatively less dry matter and N to aerial organs than did the Fix + combination. Neither the type of Fix − combination nor traits in the Fix + germplasms supportive of increased N 2 fixation altered the relative distribution of dry matter among plant organs; however, N concentration in individual organs varied with supplemental N in the Fix − but not the Fix + combinations. Dry matter and N yields of the two unrelated Fix + combinations differed only without combined N. Supplemental N was more inhibitory to N 2 fixation by Fix + germplasm selected for enhanced nitrogenase activity compared with unselected Fix + germplasm. Either source of ineffective nodulation in Fix − combinations would be appropriate for developing non‐fixing controls for physiological investigations of N 2 fixation and for use in programs to evaluate and enhance N 2 fixation in alfalfa.
CCDC 839947: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2011)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Molecular Identification of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Strains (1997)

Twenty-two infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) strains were examined using the reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction-restriction endonuclease (RT/PCR-RE) assay. A 394-bp fragment of the VP2 gene was amplified and tested for six different restriction enzyme sites. Although the EcoRII enzyme was used in previous RT/PCR-RE assays, results obtained using the isoschizomer BstNI were more consistent because its activity does not rely on multiple restriction sites. Ten different RT/PCR-RE profiles were observed. IBDV strains previously reported to be variant type viruses were BstNI and StyI negative except variant strain IN. The Bursine, Bursine-2, Bursine-Plus and Bio-Burs viruses were BstNI negative. The presence of a second enzyme site, StyI, was observed in these viruses and could be used to differentiate them from the known variant viruses, which were StyI negative. Nucleotide sequence data also indicated that these viruses were not identical to variant or classic type viruses. The base substitution observed in the BstNI site of Bio-Burs and Bursine-2 was responsible for changing the amino acid at position 222 to serine. The amino acid at this position has been reported to influence a neutralizing epitope on VP2. Three IBDV strains were examined after propagation in different hosts. The RE profiles of the STC and MD IBDV strains did not change after propagation in either BGM-70 cell culture or chicken bursas, whereas the Del-A RE profile changed at the Sau3AI site after adaptation to BGM-70 cell culture. This site has not been associated with antigenic or other phenotypic characteristics of IBDV.
Correlation distribution of a new sequence family (2015)

In this paper a new binary sequence family with 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> + 1 cyclically distinct sequences each having length 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> - 1 is presented for an even integer n. The correlation distribution of the family is fully determined. The family has six-valued correlation distribution and its maximum correlation magnitude equals 1+2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n/2+1</sup> .
The biodegradation of hydroxyapatite bone graft substitutes in vivo. (2006)

Hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramics are widely used for bone reconstruction. They are osteoconductive and serve as structural scaffolds for the deposition of new bone. Generally, scaffold materials should be degradable as they affect the mechanical properties of the reconstructed bone negatively. Degradation by osteoclasts during the bone remodelling process is desirable but often does not take place. In the current study we analysed by light microscopy the degradation of two granular HA implants in critically sized defects in the mandibula of Goettingen mini-pigs five weeks after implantation. Bio-Oss consists of sintered bovine bone and NanoBone is a synthetic HA produced in a sol-gel process in the presence of SiO2. We found that both biomaterials were degraded by osteoclasts with ruffled borders and acid phosphatase activity. The osteoclasts created resorption lacunae and resorptive trails and contained mineral particles. Frequently, resorption surfaces were in direct contact with bone formative surfaces on one granule. Granules, especially of NanoBone, were also covered by osteoclasts if located in vascularised connective tissue distant from bone tissue. However, this usually occurred without the creation of resorption lacunae. The former defect margins consisted of newly formed bone often without remnants of bone substitutes. Our results show that the degradation of both biomaterials corresponds to the natural bone degradation processes and suggest the possibility of complete resorption during bone remodelling.
Characterization of intestinal gene expression profiles in Crohnʼs disease by genome-wide microarray analysis (2010)

These data characterize the dysregulation of a series of specific inflammatory pathways highlighting potential pathogenic mechanisms as well as areas for translation to therapeutic targets.
Clinically relevant drug interactions with antiepileptic drugs (2005)

Some patients with difficult-to-treat epilepsy benefit from combination therapy with two or more antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Additionally, virtually all epilepsy patients will receive, at some time in their lives, other medications for the management of associated conditions. In these situations, clinically important drug interactions may occur. Carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital and primidone induce many cytochrome P450 (CYP) and glucuronyl transferase (GT) enzymes, and can reduce drastically the serum concentration of associated drugs which are substrates of the same enzymes. Examples of agents whose serum levels are decreased markedly by enzyme-inducing AEDs, include lamotrigine, tiagabine, several steroidal drugs, cyclosporin A, oral anticoagulants and many cardiovascular, antineoplastic and psychotropic drugs. Valproic acid is not enzyme inducer, but it may cause clinically relevant drug interactions by inhibiting the metabolism of selected substrates, most notably phenobarbital and lamotrigine. Compared with older generation agents, most of the recently developed AEDs are less likely to induce or inhibit the activity of CYP or GT enzymes. However, they may be a target for metabolically mediated drug interactions, and oxcarbazepine, lamotrigine, felbamate and, at high dosages, topiramate may stimulate the metabolism of oral contraceptive steroids. Levetiracetam, gabapentin and pregabalin have not been reported to cause or be a target for clinically relevant pharmacokinetic drug interactions. Pharmacodynamic interactions involving AEDs have not been well characterized, but their understanding is important for a more rational approach to combination therapy. In particular, neurotoxic effects appear to be more likely with coprescription of AEDs sharing the same primary mechanism of action.
The Multifocal Electroretinogram (2003)

The multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) technique allows local ERG responses to be recorded simultaneously from many regions of the retina. As in the case of the full-field ERG, the ganglion cells contribute relatively little to the response, which originates largely from the outer retina. The mfERG is particularly valuable in cases in which the fundus appears normal, and it is difficult to distinguish between diseases of the outer retina and diseases of the ganglion cells and/or optic nerve. The mfERG can also help to differentiate among outer retinal diseases, to follow the progression of retinal diseases, and, with the addition of the mfVEP, to differentiate between organic and nonorganic causes of visual loss. However, because the difficulties encountered in recording and analyzing mfERG responses are greater than those involved in full-field ERG testing, mfERG testing is best left to centers with an electrophysiologist familiar with the mfERG test. Although this technique is relatively new and standards are still being developed, centers capable of recording reliable mfERG responses can be found in hundreds of locations around the world.
Solvent Effect on Polarographic Reduction of 3-Nitroacenaphthenequinone Oxime (1998)

Department of Chemistry, H. D. Jain College, Ara <em>Manuscript received 17 March 1997, revised 15 September 1997, accepted 23 October 1997</em> The polarographic behavior of 3-nitroaccnaphthenequinone oxime has been studied in the pH range 3-10, in water, aqueous methanol, methoxyethanol and isopropanol. A strong interaction between NHOH (the first reduction product of nitro group) and C=N groups is noticed in acid solution.
Increasing the Net Negative Charge by Replacement of DOTA Chelator with DOTAGA Improves the Biodistribution of Radiolabeled Second-Generation Synthetic Affibody Molecules (2016)

A promising strategy to enable patient stratification for targeted therapies is to monitor the target expression in a tumor by radionuclide molecular imaging. Affibody molecules (7 kDa) are nonimmunoglobulin scaffold proteins with a 25-fold smaller size than intact antibodies. They have shown an apparent potential as molecular imaging probes both in preclinical and clinical studies. Earlier, we found that hepatic uptake can be reduced by the incorporation of negatively charged purification tags at the N-terminus of Affibody molecules. We hypothesized that liver uptake might similarly be reduced by positioning the chelator at the N-terminus, where the chelator-radionuclide complex will provide negative charges. To test this hypothesis, a second generation synthetic anti-HER2 ZHER2:2891 Affibody molecule was synthesized and labeled with (111)In and (68)Ga using DOTAGA and DOTA chelators. The chelators were manually coupled to the N-terminus of ZHER2:2891 forming an amide bond. Labeling DOTAGA-ZHER2:2891 and DOTA-ZHER2:2891 with (68)Ga and (111)In resulted in stable radioconjugates. The tumor-targeting and biodistribution properties of the (111)In- and (68)Ga-labeled conjugates were compared in SKOV-3 tumor-bearing nude mice at 2 h postinjection. The HER2-specific binding of the radioconjugates was verified both in vitro and in vivo. Using the DOTAGA chelator gave significantly lower radioactivity in liver and blood for both radionuclides. The (111)In-labeled conjugates showed more rapid blood clearance than the (68)Ga-labeled conjugates. The most pronounced influence of the chelators was found when they were labeled with (68)Ga. The DOTAGA chelator gave significantly higher tumor-to-blood (61 ± 6 vs 23 ± 5, p < 0.05) and tumor-to-liver (10.4 ± 0.6 vs 4.5 ± 0.5, p < 0.05) ratios than the DOTA chelator. This study demonstrated that chelators may be used to alter the uptake of Affibody molecules, and most likely other scaffold-based imaging probes, for improvement of imaging contrast.
Purification and characterization of the mammalian myosin light chain phosphatase holoenzyme. The differential effects of the holoenzyme and its subunits on smooth muscle. (1994)

We have purified to homogeneity from the myofibrillar fraction of pig bladder a mammalian heterotrimeric form of PP-1, SMPP-1M. Purified pig bladder SMPP-1M is similar in composition and substrate specificity to avian gizzard PP-1M reported by Alessi et al. (Alessi, D., Macdougall, L. K., Sola, M. M., Ikebe, M., and Cohen, P. (1992) Eur. J. Biochem. 210, 1023-1035) and consists of the catalytic subunit of PP-1 (37 kDa) and two other equimolar subunits of 130 and 20 kDa. The properties of SMPP-1M and the role of its regulatory subunits in the dephosphorylation of myosin and in the initiation of relaxation were characterized both in vitro and in smooth muscle. We show that the relaxant effect of the catalytic subunit in smooth muscle is markedly potentiated by the addition of the regulatory subunits of SMPP-1M. Our findings demonstrate that SMPP-1M is the major phosphatase dephosphorylating myosin in mammalian smooth muscle and that myosin dephosphorylation is regulated in vivo via targeting subunits that specifically alter the substrate specificity of PP-1C toward myosin.
White Matter Microstructure in Adolescents and Young Adults With Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (2020)

We found evidence suggesting widespread white matter microstructure deficits in adolescents and young adults with NSSI versus HC. We also report inverse associations between white matter integrity and clinical characteristics (duration of NSSI and attentional impulsivity). These white matter microstructural deficits may represent a possible neurobiologically-based vulnerability to developing maladaptive coping mechanisms, such as NSSI. Additionally, results suggest that this white matter disorganization may either worsen with prolonged engagement in NSSI or predict persistent NSSI; thereby highlighting the importance of early intervention targeting this behavior.
An Improved and Scaleable Preparation of 7-Amino-3-vinylcephem-4-carboxylic acid (2009)

A practical and efficient multikilogram-scale preparation of 7-amino-3-vinylcephem-4-carboxylic acid (7-AVCA), a key intermediate used in the synthesis of cefixime and cefdinir, is described utilizing p-methoxybenzyl 7-phenylacetamido-3-chloromethylcephem-4-carboxylate (GCLE) as a starting material. Reaction conditions were optimized to simplify the process, to improve the quality and to increase the yield. The process has been demonstrated on a multikilogram scale in 77% overall yield with a purity of >99%.
Optical and electric properties of aluminum-gallium doped zinc oxide for transparent conducting film (2009)

The well-known indium-tin-oxide is not suitable for solar cell, because of the chemical reduction, even without any hydrogen dilution. The inexpensive and non-toxic of transparent conducting Aluminum and Gallium doped ZnO (AZO and GZO) thin films have been investigated for the substitutes for the indium-tin-oxide thin films. AZO performs high transmittance at visible region, however, higher resistance than GZO. In this study, AZO and GZO composed film (GAZO) will be fabricated using DC magnetron co-sputtering deposition system to achieve lower resistance than AZO and higher transmittance than GZO. The optical and electric properties of different thickness of GAZO such as transmittance, reflection, carrier concentration, Hall mobility, and resistivity will be measured and analyzed.
Analysis of IRF5 gene functional polymorphisms in rheumatoid arthritis (2006)

Our results suggest that the IRF5 functional polymorphisms analyzed do not seem to be implicated in genetic susceptibility to RA.
Inductive-energy power flow for x-ray sources (1996)

The Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) has been developing inductive energy storage (lES) technology for generating intense x-rays from electron beam-target interactions and from plasma radiating sources (PRS). 1 Because of the complex interaction between the commutation of the current from the plasma and the stable dissipation of the energy in the load, DNA has supported several variations of power flow technology. Major variations include: (1) current interruption using a plasma opening switch (POS); (2) continuous current commutation through current-plasma motion against neutral, ionized, or magnetized medium [i.e., dense plasma focus-like (DPF) and plasma flow switch (PFS) technologies]; and, in addition, possible benefits of (3) directly driven complex PRS loads are being investigated. DNA programs include experimental and theoretical modeling and analysis with investigations (1) on Hawk and a Decade module in conjunction with the development of the bremsstrahlung sources (BRS), and (2) on Hawk, ACE-4 and Shiva-Star, as well as cooperative research on GIT-4 and GIT-8, in conjunction with PRS.