gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hallucinations and Development of Dementia in Parkinson’s Disease (2020)

Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in Parkinson's disease (PD). We investigated the relationship between neuropsychiatric symptoms and current and future diagnosis of PD dementia (PDD). Individuals with PD who had a study partner were enrolled (n = 696). Study partners were administered the Neuropsychiatric Inventory or Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire at baseline. Participants were assigned a cognitive diagnosis at baseline and follow up visits. Hallucinations were significantly associated with a diagnosis of PDD cross-sectionally (p < 0.001) and with shortened time to dementia longitudinally among initially nondemented participants (n = 444; p = 0.005). Screening for hallucinations may be useful for assessing risk of dementia in participants with PD.
Leukoencephalopathy with calcifications and cysts (2017)

Rationale: Leukoencephalopathy with calcifications and cysts (LCC) is an uncommon entity characterized by edematous leukoencephalopathy, cerebral calcifications, and parenchymal cysts. Due to its rarity, the clinical, radiological, and histopathological features have yet to be well elucidated. Patient concerns: The first case is a 35-year-old female who was asymptomatic. A giant intracranial cyst was incidentally detected radiologically, and it was slowly growing in the recent 10 years. The second case is a 20-year-old female who presented with a 1-month history of headache. Brain computed tomography showed multiple asymmetric calcifications in the bilateral basal ganglia and white matter. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cyst in the right parietal lobe. Diagnoses: They were diagnosed with LCC. Interventions and Outcomes: The first patient underwent surgical resection of the intracranial cyst, and the second patient received a stereotactic biopsy. The patients performed well postoperatively. Lessons: LCC can be found at any age. A young age seems to be associated with severer symptoms. The clinical manifestations can be variable and aggressive. The potential pathogenic basis still needs further research.
Supramolecular Nanofibers and Hydrogels of Nucleopeptides (2011)

Watson–Crick interactions: The conjugation of nucleobases (B=thymine, adenine, cytosine, and guanine; see picture) with small peptides affords a novel kind of supramolecular nanofibers and hydrogelators, which exhibit a high biocompatibility and biostability and are regarded as promising new biomaterials.
Development of a Novel Hybrid Aluminum-Based Sol-Gel Materials: Application to the Protection of AA2024-T3 Alloys in Alkaline Environment (2014)

Extensive research on environmentally complaint sol-gel coatings is currently underway for a wide range of applications. Sol-gel technology combines the synergistic properties of inorganic and organic components to design nanostructured coating materials with advanced physical properties. Through a judicious choice of precursors and additives improved performances, such as chemical resistance or pH stability, it can be achieved. This is of particular interest for copper rich AA 2024-T3 aluminium alloys used on aircraft, where increase in local pH occurs at corrosion sites. This work focuses on improving the alkaline stability and anticorrosion properties of such a sol-gel coatings on AA2024-T3 by incorporating aluminium functionality into hybrid materials prepared from hydrolysis and condensation of 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, zirconium n-propoxide and zirconium/alkoxide precursors. Dynamic light scattering technique was used to study the particle size nature of the sol-gel materials in colloidal form. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to study the oxidation state of the aluminium and zirconium at the sol-gel coating surface. Field emission scanning electrochemical microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy was used to assess the microstructural features. Electrochemical characterisations employing potentiodynamic scanning and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were performed to investigate the anticorrosion performance of the hybrid sol-gel coatings. The best anti-corrosive protection of AA2024-T3 in an alkaline saline solution (pH = 10) was achieved with materials containing 10 mol% and 15 mol% aluminium doped sol-gel coatings. This study shows that presence of aluminium has a positive effect on alkaline stability of the coatings and is a potential green candidate for the protective coatings on aerospace alloys.
Optimal state-space controller for power switching converter (2010)

This paper describes the state-space controller for the buck converter working in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM). The converter operates at a switching frequency of 500 KHz. Aiming to study the control of this kind of converter, some classical control techniques and the control in the state space are discussed. As an example, we present the design procedure for a dc-dc buck converter with an analog controller in s-domain, and a linear quadratic regulator (LQR). The controller is robust to the load variation and the change in supply and reference voltage. The performance of the controllers is compared and conclusions are drawn. Matlab/Simulink simulated results illustrate that the control system has good static and dynamic characteristics.
Real time vision by FPGA implemented CNNs (2006)

In order to get real time image processing for mobile robot vision, we propose to use a discrete time cellular neural network implementation by a convolutional structure on Altora FPGA using VHDL language. We obtain at least 9 times faster processing than other emulations for the same problem.
Comparison of Tacrolimus Concentrations Measured by the IMx Tacrolimus II vs the PRO-TRAC II FK506 ELISA Assays (1999)

Contemporary practice in the therapeutic monitoring of the immunosuppressant tacrolimus has required increasingly rapid and more sensitive assays. To this end, the two most commonly used immunoassay formats, IMx Tacrolimus II (Tacrolimus II) and PRO-TRAC IITM FK506 (ProTrac II) have undergone extensive revision, leading to changes in the measured drug concentration relative to the original assay format (1)(2)(3). Multiple studies have compared the original microparticle enzyme immunoassay (MEIA) and second-generation Tacrolimus II methods [e.g., Refs. (2)(3)], one report has compared the original MEIA and the second-generation ProTrac II method (1), and two preliminary reports have compared the ProTrac II method with the Tacrolimus II method (4)(5). In each of these reports, the ProTrac II method consistently yielded lower tacrolimus concentrations than the Tacrolimus II assay.

The aim of this study was to further characterize the correlation between the Tacrolimus II method and the ProTrac II ELISA.

Tacrolimus II controls were kindly provided by Abbott Laboratories (Abbott Park, IL). Pure tacrolimus powder was a courtesy of Fujisawa USA (Chicago, IL).

Tacrolimus stock solutions in whole blood at concentrations of 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 μg/L were prepared from tacrolimus powder. Tacrolimus powder was initially dissolved in methanol, followed by sequential dilution with drug-free human whole blood. Tacrolimus assays were performed according to manufacturers instructions.

Correlation data were analyzed by Deming regression [Medsnap program (6)]. Differences between the two methods were analyzed by the methods of Bland and Altman (7)(8).

Fifty-five whole blood specimens from 39 transplant patients [heart (n = 9), lung (n = 9), kidney (n = 7), liver (n = 10), and bone-marrow (n = 4); human studies approval UHSC 35-97] were initially assayed for tacrolimus with the ProTrac II method (PRO-TRAC II FK506 Kit). The specimens were …
Inducing Adaptation in Organizations: Concept and Experiment Design (2004)

Mission performance is likely to be high when organizational structures are "congruent" with the mission and degraded when organizational structures are "incongruent" with the mission. All else being equal, it is to an organization's advantage to monitor the fit between its structure and mission, and to alter its structure when a misfit is identified. The authors afforded teams the opportunity to adapt their organizational structure to changes in the mission. In the forced case, teams had to allocate new assets to deal with a SCUD threat entering theater. In another situation, the team could adapt their organizational structure to a mission that had grown incongruent with that structure. The authors' primary interest was this adaptation process. Results indicate that the teams did adapt; frequently, they made many small changes to adjust workload and to compensate for weak team members. Less frequently, they made major changes in response to changing mission and task requirements. Teams appeared reluctant to make the larger changes necessary to realign organizational structure and mission. This reluctance stems in part from their concern with the cost of change and in part from a difficultly in understanding organizational structures and the ramifications of changes made to the structures. Enhanced training and model-driven decision aids may help to ameliorate these problems. Seventeen briefing charts summarize the presentation.
Isolation characteristics of microstrip Wilkinson dual-band power divider (2008)

Isolation characteristics of a dual-band Wilkinson microstrip power divider have been analyzed and discussed. The design equations for the two isolation resistors are derived from transmission line theory. With the equations in this paper, one can obtain the best values of the two isolation resistors to satisfy the isolation requirements at two arbitrary frequencies f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> very quickly. The equations are verified by the simulation and experiments.
Preparation of Functionalized Yarns Via Ionic Liquid Based Natural Fiber Welding (2016)

Natural fiber welding (NFW) is a process that uses controlled amounts of ionic liquid and molecular co-solvent(s) to swell and mobilize portions of a natural polymer substrate. By carefully selecting factors controlling NFW such as time, temperature and solvent system composition, partial dissolution occurs, mobilizing and redistributing only a small portion of the natural polymer and leaving much of the underlying substrate intact. The NFW process results in fibers with a shell of dissolved/mobilized polymer, permanently adhered to both the outer diameter of the fiber and (depending on the extent of welding) to the surface of adjacent fibers. When polymeric and/or particulate materials are added during the NFW process, these substances can be integrated into the natural polymer matrix and modify its properties to include novel functionalities. In the present work we have applied the NFW process to the modification of natural polymer yarns. We have studied the processing conditions that impact the NFW of natural polymer yarns and the accompanied incorporation of functional materials (e.g., magnetic, conductive, and capacitive). We will discuss the preparation these functionalized yarns, and we will show data for their analysis using tensile testing, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron and con-focal fluorescence microscopies.
Probabilistic Force Estimation and Event Localization (PFEEL) algorithm (2021)

Localization of human activity using floor vibrations has gained attention in recent years. In human health technologies, floor vibrations have been recently used to estimate gait parameters to predict a patients' health status. Various methodologies such as using the characteristics of wave traveling (algorithms based on time of arrival) or the properties of structures (Force Estimation and Event Localization, FEEL, algorithm) have been investigated to localize the impact, fall, or step events. This paper presents a probabilistic approach that builds upon the FEEL algorithm to offer the advantage of eliminating the need for a robust experimental setup. The proposed Probabilistic Force Estimation and Event Localization (PFEEL) algorithm provides a probabilistic measure to an event's force estimation and localization using random variables associated with the floor's dynamics. The algorithm can also guide calibration by identifying calibration points that provide the maximum information. This reduces the number of calibration points needed, which has practical benefits during the implementation. In this manuscript, we presented the design, development, and validation of the algorithm.
A data-driven investigation and estimation of optimal topologies under variable loading configurations (2015)

Topology optimisation problems involving structural mechanics are highly dependent on the design constraints and boundary conditions. Thus, even small alterations in such parameters require a new application of the optimisation routine. To address this problem, we examine the use of known solutions for predicting optimal topologies under a new set of design constraints. In this context, we explore the feasibility and performance of a data-driven approach to structural topology optimisation problems. Our approach takes as input a set of images representing optimal 2D topologies, each resulting from a random loading configuration applied to a common boundary support condition. These images represented in a high dimensional feature space are projected into a lower dimensional space using component analysis. Using the resulting components, a mapping between the loading configurations and the optimal topologies is learned. From this mapping, we estimate the optimal topologies for novel loading configurations. The results indicate that when there is an underlying structure in the set of existing solutions, the proposed method can successfully predict the optimal topologies in novel loading configurations. In addition, the topologies predicted by the proposed method can be used as effective initial conditions for conventional topology optimisation routines, resulting in substantial performance gains. We discuss the advantages and limitations of the presented approach and show its performance on a number of examples.
Estimated Radiation Dose Associated With Cardiac CT Angiography (2009)

Median doses of CCTA differ significantly between study sites and CT systems. Effective strategies to reduce radiation dose are available but some strategies are not frequently used. The comparable diagnostic image quality may support an increased use of dose-saving strategies in adequately selected patients.
Defective interleukin 2 receptor expression is associated with the T cell disfunction subsequent to bone marrow transplantation (1987)

In the present work we have used monoclonal antibodies (mAb) as probes to attempt a dissection of the mechanisms underlying the immunodeficiency subsequent to bone marrow transplantation (BMT). To this end we have studied 19 allogeneic BMT recipients, analyzing the proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) after activation with either phytohemagglutinin (PHA), anti-CD3 or anti-CD2 mAb. All patients presented normal proportions of CD2+ and CD3+ lymphocytes, as assessed by flow cytometry. Our results indicated that in most cases both CD2 and CD3-mediated activation pathways were inefficient to trigger normal T cell proliferation. The addition of exogenous interleukin 2 (IL2) did not restore in most cases the proliferative response, pointing out that additional defects contribute to the hyporesponsiveness. This was more evident in the group of patients studied during the first 6 months. To further dissect the T cell defect we analyzed the effect of a phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate, PMA), which activates protein kinase C, on the anti-CD3-induced response. Our data showed that PMA synergized with anti-CD3 similarly to exogenous IL2, and restored the proliferative response only in certain cases. The expression of IL2 receptors (CD25) as assessed by cytofluorimetry, after either PHA or anti-CD3 and PMA stimulation, was shown to be depressed, and the addition of IL2 did not restore it. Finally, we observed that the early increase of intracytoplasmic Ca2+ after anti-CD3 stimulation was comparable to that detected in normal PBMC. Altogether these results indicate that a diminished CD25 expression is associated with the T cell defect, and cannot apparently be attributed to an inability of the CD3 molecule to transduce early activation signals thus suggesting that either protein kinase C itself or an as yet undefined metabolic step preceding IL2 receptor expression is abnormal in variable proportions of T cells after BMT, and constitutes another manifestation of this complex immunodeficiency.
Oligosaccharides prebiotic effect obtained from Lupinus exaltatus in prevention of Salmonella in chicken embryos. (2008)

Oligosaccharide are utilised as nutritional supplements to promote the growth of beneficial intestinal bifidobacteria (prebiotics) that improve the resistance to gastrointestinal infections caused by Escherichia coli , Clostridium and Salmonella spp. This must to the antagonistic action and the toxic product formation of the fermentation by bifidobacteria. Salmonella is considered to be the main cause of human intestinal infections originating from the consumption of chicken meat and eggs contaminated with this bacterium. In order to provide chicken products that are free from this pathogen, it is common from the poultry industry to administer antibiotic. Nevertheless, the indirect antibiotic consumption by humans causes problems of resistance by the pathogens. Three doses of oligosaccharide isolated from seeds of Lupinus exaltatus to chicken embryos infected with salmonella were evaluated in this experiment. Fecal samples of two days hatching were collected to determine the cfu number of Salmonella enteritidis and bifidobacterias. The experimental results show that oligosaccharide from L. exaltatus, stimulate bifidobacteria development and this obtains a decrease in the level of Salmonella; indicating that it has potential for use as a prebiotic to reduce the incidence of Salmonella infection in poultry.
Molecular and clinical correlation in five Indian families with spinocerebellar ataxia 12 (2001)

Spinocerebellar ataxia 12 (SCA12) is a recently identified form of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia associated with the expansion of an unstable CAG repeat in the 5' untranslated region of the gene PPP2R2B. We analyzed 77 Indian families with autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia phenotype and confirmed the diagnosis of SCA12 in 5 families, which included a total of 6 patients and 21 family members. The sizes of the expanded alleles ranged from 55 to 69 CAG repeats, and the sizes of the normal alleles ranged from 7 to 31 repeats. We believe our study is the first to demonstrate that SCA12 may not be as rare in some populations as previously thought.
Greenladic family structure and communication with parents: influence on schoolchildren’s drinking behaviour (2002)

The analysis showed that alcohol drinking rose when children were living in broken families but neither gender differences of influencial factors to being drunk nor differences in drinking behaviour between social classes were found.
A

L

ong-Pulse

I

gnited

T

est

E

xperiment - (LITE) (1983)

We describe a design concept for a tokamak that has the capability of sustained ignited operation and utilizes high performance copper plate magnets to minimize size and cost. We refer to this device as LITE for long-pulse ignited test experiment. LITE is designed so that it could be located in the TFTR Test Cell, so that substantial cost savings can be realized. Two design options are considered. Illustrative parameters for the lower beta option (LITE-1) are a major radius of 2.7 m, a maximum magnetic field on axis of 8.1 T, and <β> = 0.05. Steadystate water cooling would be used for nominal DT operation and for very long pulse hydrogen operation. Inertial cooling with liquid nitrogen could be employed for a relatively small number of pulses to provide the highest magnetic fields and ignition margins. The second option (LITE-2) makes use of a highly shaped plasma to obtain high beta (> 10%) operation. The LITE-2 concept is at a very early stage, so that emphasis in this paper is on the description of LITE-1.
Proliferation of rat aortic endothelial cells following X irradiation. (1982)

The proliferative response of rat aortic endothelial cells following irradiation was measured using autoradiography of tritiated thymidine-labeled hautchen preparations. No increase in labeling index was observed for periods as long as 15 weeks following radiation doses of up to 2000 rad.
Chaos in a Forced Dry-Friction Oscillator: Experiments and Numerical Modelling (1994)

The chaotic dynamics of a harmonically forced spring-mass system with dry friction is studied experimentally and numerically. The friction in the experiment was designed to vary linearly with displacement. A one-dimensional single-humped map is shown to underly the dynamics. Three friction laws are examined during the numerical modeling: the discontinuous Coulomb model, a continuous version of the Coulomb model, and a state-variable friction law. Using experimental Poincaré maps, the qualitative features of the chaotic attractor in the three-dimensional phase space were discovered and used to evaluate the friction models. Each friction model produces the main qualitative features of the dynamics observed in the experiment. The state-variable friction law produces one feature that was found in the experimental system, but not in the simulations with simple friction laws.
c- myc Can Induce Expression of G 0 /G 1 Transition Genes (1988)

The human c-myc oncogene was linked to the heat shock-inducible Drosophila hsp70 promoter and used to stably transfect mouse BALB/c 3T3 cells. Heat shock of the transfectants at 42 degrees C followed by recovery at 37 degrees C resulted in the appearance of the human c-myc protein which was appropriately localized to the nuclear fraction. Two-dimensional analysis of the proteins of density-arrested cells which had been heat shock treated revealed the induction of eight protein species and the repression of five protein species. All of the induced and repressed proteins were nonabundant. cDNA clones corresponding to genes induced during the G0/G1 transition were used as probes to assay for c-myc inducibility of these genes. Two anonymous sequences previously identified as serum inducible (3CH77 and 3CH92) were induced when c-myc was expressed. In response to serum stimulation, 3CH77 and 3CH92 were expressed before c-myc mRNA levels increased. However, in response to specific induction of c-myc by heat shock of serum arrested cells, 3CH77 and 3CH92 mRNA levels increased after the rise in c-myc mRNA. Therefore, we hypothesize that abnormal expression of c-myc can induce genes involved in the proliferative response.