gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An effective energy management strategy in hybrid electric vehicles using Taguchi based approach for improved performance (2022)

The key challenge in the innovation of hybrid electric vehicles is the energy management control strategies to split the energy between the sources. The objective of adding an auxiliary source of power to vehicles is to minimize battery stress as well as energy consumption rate (ECR) of the main source and to increase the range of the vehicle. Based on Taguchi and grey relational analysis, the optimal control factors were determined for each of the desired performance factors. In this experimental design, control strategy, vehicle model, battery SOC, and UC SOC are considered as control factors, and ECR, range of the vehicle, and battery stress remain as vehicle performance factors. The confirmatory results show the minimal error between the initial set and the optimum factor to be 7.68 for ECR, 8.54 for range, and 5.49 for battery stress, respectively. The results also reveal the importance of fuzzy-based strategy on hybridization of energy storage systems in electric vehicles and also identified the most and the least influencing factors that affect the vehicle performance.
Heterocycles. 11. Sulfer Analogs of 3-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-N-n-propylpiperidine (1987)

Analogs of 3-(3-hydroxypheny1)-N-c-propylpiperidine (3-PPP) and 3-(3-hydroxypheny1)-N-(2-phenylethy1)piperidine (phenethyl 3-PP) i n which carbon 4 was replaced by s u l f u r were synthesized and tested f o r dopamine autoreceptor a c t i v i t y .Compounds t h a t have s e l e c t i v e s p e c i f i c i t y f o r dopamine (DA) receptors i n t h e b r a i n have been sought a f t e r as an approach t o new therapy f o r schizophrenia and parkinsonism.An autoreceptor f o r DA has been r e c e n t l y i d e n t i f i e d and pharmacologically characterized.' Compounds t h a t p r e f e r e n t i a l l y a c t i v a t e t h e DA autoreceptor i n t h e b r a i n reduce impulse flow, t r a n s m i t t e r synthesis r a t e and
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy (2023)

Genetically engineered chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy leverages the ability of the immune system to eliminate tumors and redirects cytotoxic functions toward cells expressing specified tumor-restricted antigens. Although 6 CAR T-cell therapies have received Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for the treatment of many hematological malignancies, limitations involving T cell-intrinsic, T cell-extrinsic, and therapeutic factors remain in the treatment of both liquid and solid tumors. Chimeric antigen receptor design, signals from the tumor microenvironment, tumor antigen escape mechanisms, and systemic inflammatory consequences of CAR T-cell infusion all influence the efficacy and feasibility of CAR T-cell therapy in different malignancies. Here, we review the core structure of the CAR, the evolution of different CAR generations, CAR T-cell therapy limitations, and current strategies being investigated to overcome the T cell-intrinsic, T cell-independent, and therapeutic barriers to successful CAR T-cell therapy.
Memory T cells from minor histocompatibility antigen–vaccinated and virus-immune donors improve GVL and immune reconstitution (2011)

Donor T cells contribute to the success of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). Alloreactive donor T cells attack leukemia cells, mediating the GVL effect. Donor T cells, including the memory T cells (T(M)) that are generated after infection, also promote immune reconstitution. Nonetheless, leukemia relapse and infection are major sources of treatment failure. Efforts to augment GVL and immune reconstitution have been limited by GVHD, the attack by donor T cells on host tissues. One approach to augmenting GVL has been to infuse ex vivo-generated T cells with defined specificities; however, this requires expertise that is not widely available. In the present study, we tested an alternative approach, adoptive immunotherapy with CD8+ T(M) from donors vaccinated against a single minor histocompatibility antigen (miHA) expressed by leukemia cells. Vaccination against the miHA H60 greatly augmented T(M)-mediated GVL against mouse chronic-phase (CP-CML) and blast crisis chronic myeloid leukemia (BC-CML). T(M)-mediated GVL was antigen specific and was optimal when H60 expression was hematopoietically restricted. Even when H60 was ubiquitous, donor H60 vaccination had a minimal impact on GVHD. T(M) from lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)-immune and H60-vaccinated donors augmented GVL and protected recipients from LCMV. These data establish a strategy for augmenting GVL and immune reconstitution without elaborate T-cell manipulation.
Migrating medical communications software to a multi-tenant cloud environment (2013)

The rise of cloud computing has paved the way for many new applications. Many of these new cloud applications are also multi-tenant, ensuring multiple end users can make use of the same application instance. While these technologies make it possible to create many new applications, many legacy applications can also benefit from the added flexibility and cost-savings of cloud computing and multi-tenancy. In this paper, we describe the steps required to migrate a .NET-based medical communications application to the Windows Azure public cloud environment, and the steps required to add multi-tenancy to the application. We then discuss the advantages and disadvantages of our migration approach. We found that the migration to the cloud itself requires only a limited amount of changes to the application, but that this also limited the benefits, as individual instances would only be partially used. Adding multi-tenancy requires more changes, but when this is done, it has the potential to greatly reduce the cost of running the application.
Molecular, Crystal, and Valence Structures of B18H22 (1963)

A three-dimensional x-ray diffraction study of single crystals has yielded the molecular structure of B18H22. The molecule is centrosymmetric, has six bridge H atoms, and has the geometry of two decaborane-14 cages sharing a common B9–B10 edge. The space group is Pccn, and there are four molecules in a unit cell having dimensions a=10.844, b=12.107, and c=10.803 Å. The valence structure has been studied in the two-center and three-center resonance approximation, which is comparable in its predictions to the Hückel molecular orbital method in the other boron hydrides. The charge distribution in B18H22 has been obtained from an analysis of the 6506 resonance structures.
Il trattamento dei dati genetici: finalità di ricerca, esigenze di sicurezza e diritto alla protezione dei dati personali (2017)

[Genetic data: scientific research purposes, security demands and the right to Data Protection] Given that genetic data belong to category of the “sensitive data”, this essay is focused on two constitutional issues, looking at the main national and European sources of law and the decisions of Italian Data Protection Authority. The Author, first, explores limits that the Data Protection Law imposes on the scientific research and healthcare purposes, especially referring to the Italian DPA General Authorizations. Secondly, she examines the difficult relation between Data Protection Law and public security purposes, focusing on the new National Genetic Database. The Author’s aim is to give some suggestions to single out guidelines for balancing individual liberties and public policy demands. Finally, she analyses the last initiatives to be adopted to complete the normative frame of the National Genetic Database.
Native Web Browser Enabled SVG-based Collaborative Multimedia Annotation for Medical Images (2008)

Image annotation becomes increasingly important for clinical applications and medical research. In particular, collaborative image annotations can harness the collective intelligence from distributed experts. There are several challenges to support collaborative medical image annotations: i) Medical image annotation includes not only metadata annotation but also multimedia annotation, such as graphical annotation. The latter often requires a heavy-duty tool, which can be difficult to realize in a distributed environment; ii) Annotations need to be well modeled for easy exchange and support of queries, i.e., there is a gap between image annotation and content retrieval; and iii) An annotation platform is needed to provide authoring tools and the collaborative infrastructure. Meanwhile, the Web is evolving quickly on supporting interaction, participation and collaboration enabled by Web 2.0 technologies. Among them, scalable vector graphics (SVG) now becomes a standard language for vector graphics on the Web natively supported by latest Web browsers. In our work, we develop a collaborative image annotation platform, which provides: i) a flexible data model to support both metadata and multimedia annotations on 2-D medical images; ii) SVG based implementation of the data model that can support complex textual, spatial, and collaborative queries on annotations with XQuery; iii) a lightweight native Web browser enabled annotation authoring tool without any plugin needed; and iv) an architecture that provides authoring, storing, querying, and exchanging of annotations, and supports Web-based collaboration.
Impact of Different Water Management Scenarios on Corn Water Use Efficiency (2014)

<abstract><title><italic>Abstract.</italic></title> <bold> </bold>This study investigated the water balance, crop yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) of a water table management system compared to a conventional drainage system at three nitrogen levels. A two-year field study was conducted using three blocks; each block was composed of two water management treatments: controlled drainage with subirrigation (CD-SI) and conventional or free drainage (FD). The water table depth was maintained at 60 cm below the soil surface in the CD-SI plots. Three nitrogen treatments (low, medium, and high) were applied in strips across all blocks. The seasonal water balance indicated surplus water conditions in the CD-SI plots, while the FD plots had deficit conditions. In 2008 and 2009, the corn grain WUE for the FD plots was 2.49 and 2.46 kg m<sup>-3</sup> respectively. The corn grain WUE for the CD-SI plots was 2.43 and 2.26 kg m<sup>-3</sup> in 2008 and 2009, respectively. The WUE of corn grain responded to the water treatments (p < 0.05) in 2009 but not in 2008. In 2009, at low and high nitrogen levels, the water management treatments demonstrated significant differences (p < 0.05) in grain yields. However, water management demonstrated no significant effect (p > 0.05) on grain yields at the normal nitrogen level. Furthermore, the two water treatments had no effect on the aboveground dry biomass yields in both years.
Observations on the binding of lanthanides and calcium to vitamin D-dependent chick intestinal calcium-binding protein. Implications regarding calcium-binding protein function. (1987)

The binding of calcium and terbium to purified chick vitamin D-dependent intestinal calcium-binding protein was studied by terbium fluorescence, circular dichroism, and intrinsic protein fluorescence techniques. Calcium-binding protein bound, with high affinity, at least 3 mol of terbium/mol of protein; numerous low affinity terbium-binding sites were also noted. The three highest affinity sites were resolved into one very high affinity site (site A) and two other sites (sites B and C) with slightly lower affinity. Resonance energy transfer from tryptophan residues to terbium occurred only with site A. This site was filled before sites B and C. Competition experiments in which calcium was used to displace terbium bound to the protein showed that larger amounts of calcium were needed to displace terbium from site A than from sites B and C. Energy transfer from terbium to holmium indicated that the terbium-binding sites (B and C) were located close to each other (about 7-12 A) but were distant (greater than 12 A) from site A. The addition of EDTA to calcium-binding protein resulted in a 25% decrease in intrinsic protein fluorescence, suggesting a conformational change in the protein. The titration of EDTA-treated calcium-binding protein with calcium resulted in recovery of intrinsic protein fluorescence. A reversible calcium-dependent change in the ellipticity of calcium-binding protein in circular dichroism experiments was also seen. These observed properties suggest that vitamin D-dependent chick intestinal calcium-binding protein behaves in a manner similar to other well-known calcium-binding regulatory proteins.
STUDIES ON THE MECHANISM OF MULTIPLE DRUG ALLERGIES. STRUCTURAL BASIS OF DRUG RECOGNITION (2001)

The multiple drug allergy syndrome, that is, allergic recognition of a variety of drugs that may be both pharmacologically and structurally different, has been little studied and, consequently, the underlying mechanism(s) is unknown. The molecular basis of drug recognition by IgE antibodies found in the sera of subjects exhibiting multiple allergic drug sensitivities was studied by direct binding and quantitative hapten inhibition assays in experiments employing a wide range of carefully selected drugs and other chemicals. Drug recognition was shown to be related to the presence of tertiary and quaternary mono-, di- and trialkyl amino groups, but only if the alkyl groups were 'small' viz., methyl or, perhaps, ethyl. Primary, secondary, and tertiary (with R = 'large' alkyl) groups showed no direct antibody binding or antibody inhibitory activities. Near-neighbour effects of amide and hydroxyl groups appeared to promote weaker antigenic recognition. Results indicate that the antibody recognition and clinical drug allergy spectra of at least some subjects with multiple drug allergies are due to wide ranging immunological cross-reactivities with drugs containing tertiary amino and quaternary ammonium groups which are present in many different pharmacologically active agents. Separate populations of antibodies to other non-cross reacting drugs, for example, beta-lactam antibiotics, may also be present in the sera of such subjects.
Packaging and Test of Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs) (2023)

Packaging and test of Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs) have been dramatically changing in the last years, as the applications addressed by PIC-based modules require a shift to mass manufacturing. It leads to new and more challenging requirements for the packaging and test of PICs, which are expected to converge to approaches similar to CMOS microelectronics, with high throughput and yield. However, packaging and test of PICs still need to address several well-known critical requirements such as accurate alignment (laser/PIC and PIC/fiber coupling) or thermal management due to the thermal sensitivity of the alignment and photonic devices, and efficient co-packaging of the photonic circuits together with electronic drivers and host chips. This chapter deals with different optical packaging techniques as well as the underlying theory, examining current trends and requirements from emerging applications and architectures of PIC-based modules: co-packaged modules or photonic interposers among others. It also examines the evolution of the ecosystem, especially the assembly and test equipment evolution and PIC design environment.
Infectious Diseases and Immunity: Special Reference to Major Histocompatibility Complex (1997)

Human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) are an inherent system of alloantigens, which are the products of genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). These genes span a region of approximately 4 centimorgans on the short arm of human chromosome 6 at band p 21.3 and encode the HLA class I and class II antigens, which play a central role in cell-to-cell interaction in the immune system. These antigens interact with the antigen-specific cell surface receptors of T lymphocytes (TCR) thus causing activation of the lymphocytes and the resulting immune response. Class I antigens restrict cytotoxic T-cell (CD8+) function thus killing viral infected targets, while class II antigens are involved in presentation of exogenous antigens to T-helper cells (CD4+) by antigen presenting cells (APC). The APC processes the antigens, and the immunogenic peptide is then presented at the cell surface along with the MHC molecule for recognition by the TCR. Since the MHC molecules play a central role in regulating the immune response, they may have an important role in controlling resistance and susceptibility to diseases. In this review we have highlighted studies conducted to look for an association between HLA and infectious diseases; such studies have had a variable degree of success because the pathogenesis of different diseases varies widely, and most diseases have a polygenic etiology.
Comparison of Disinfection Procedures on the Catheter Adapter-Transfer Set Junction (2015)

Peritonitis is a significant complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD), contributing to mortality and technique failure. Suboptimal disinfection and/or a loose connection at the catheter adapter-transfer set junction are forms of touch contamination that can compromise the integrity of the sterile fluid path and lead to peritonitis. Proper use of the right disinfectants for connections at the PD catheter adapter-transfer set interface can help eliminate bacteria at surface interfaces, secure connections, and prevent bacteria from entering into the sterile fluid pathway. Three studies were conducted to assess the antibacterial effects of various disinfecting agents and procedures, and ensuing security of the catheter adapter-transfer set junction. An open-soak disinfection procedure with 10% povidone iodine improves disinfection and tightness/security of catheter adapter-transfer set connection.
Application of continuous‐wave EPR spectral‐spatial image reconstruction techniques for in vivo oxymetry: Comparison of projection reconstruction and constant‐time modalities (2003)

In this study we report the application of continuous-wave (CW) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) constant-time spectral spatial imaging (CTSSI) for in vivo oxymetry. 2D and 3D SSI studies of a phantom and live mice were carried out using projection reconstruction (PR) and constant-time (CT) modalities using a CW-EPR spectrometer/imager operating at 300 MHz frequency. Distortion of line shape, which is inherent in the PR method, was minimized by the CTSSI modality. It was also found that CTSSI offers improved noise reduction, restores a smoother line shape, and gives high convergence of estimated values. Spatial resolution was also improved by CTSSI, although fundamental spectral line-width broadening was observed. Although additional corrections are required for accurate estimations of spectral line width, CTSSI was able to demonstrate distinct differences in oxygen tension between a tumor and the normal legs of a C3H mouse. The PR method, on the other hand, was unable to make such a distinction unequivocally with the triarylmethyl spin probes. CTSSI promises to be a more suitable method for quantitative in vivo oxymetric studies using radiofrequency EPR imaging (EPRI).
Dosimeter Badge Detects Hydrazines (1993)

Disposable dosimeter badge indicates approximate cumulative exposure to hydrazine or monomethyl hydrazine in air. Indication is change in colors of both paper tapes; one coated with para-N, N-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde. Colors of exposed tapes compared with colors on two preprinted color wheels to obtain estimate of exposure. Badges help minimize risks associated with exposure of personnel to hydrazine or monomethyl hydrazine, or suspected carcinogens. Also used as stationary monitors by taping them on walls or equipment at strategic locations.
Low internal loss GaInNAs laser diode with InGaAs/GaNAs/GaAs barrier (2011)

We investigate the performance of GaInNAs broad area laser diode at room temperature when the InGaAs and GaNAs barrier configuration is applied to the quantum well system in the active region. The simulation software PICS3D is used in this work. By plotting the light versus the current curve, we can extract the differential quantum efficiency, η <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> and internal quantum efficiency, η <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> for the laser. The internal loss of the laser is then determined by plotting the slope of the linear fit line to the inverse of external differential quantum efficiency versus cavity length data points. The inverse slope of the efficiency versus cavity length plot shows that the laser exhibits low internal loss of 2.8cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> with η <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> of 58%. This shows good simulation result of GaInNAs laser diode.
ATP-sensitive K+ channel-independent glucose action in rat pancreatic beta-cell (1994)

The nature of ATP-sensitive K+ (K+ATP) channel-independent, insulinotropic action of glucose was investigated using non-glucose-primed pancreatic islets. When the beta-cell was depolarized with K+, glucose dose dependently stimulated insulin release despite inhibition of the K+ATP channel closure by diazoxide. K+ depolarization could be replaced with BAY K 8644, a calcium channel agonist. Prior fasting of rats and lowering ambient temperature greatly suppressed glucose oxidation and utilization by the islet cells and abolished insulin release in response to high glucose alone. However, under these conditions, the K+ATP channel-independent, glucose-induced insulin release was clearly demonstrable. p-Nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (sweet taste inhibitor) but not its beta-isomer, neomycin (phospholipase C inhibitor) and staurosporine (C kinase blocker) inhibited the K+ATP channel-independent, insulinotropic action of glucose. For the K+ATP channel-independent glucose-induced insulin release 1) elevation of cytosolic calcium is required, 2) minute glucose metabolism is enough, if glucose metabolism is necessary, and 3) direct recognition of glucose molecule, phospholipase C, and protein kinase C appear to be involved.
Bayesian deconvolution in nuclear spectroscopy using RJMCMC (2002)

This paper addresses the general problem of estimating parameters in nuclear spectroscopy. We present a unified Bayesian formulation to tackle the various aspects of this problem. This includes deconvolution and modelling of both the peaks and background. The peaks are modelled with Gaussian or Lorentzian type functions and the background with cubic B-splines. The number of peaks and spline knots are treated as unknowns and as such are also estimated together with the model parameters. The Bayesian model allows us to define a posterior probability on the parameter space upon which all subsequent Bayesian inference is based. Direct evaluation of this distribution or its derived features such as the conditional expectation is, unfortunately, not possible on account of the need to evaluate high-dimension integrals. As such we resort to a stochastic numerical Bayesian technique, the reversible-jump Markov-chain Monte Carlo(RJMCMC) method.
The effects of 1-[di(2-chloroethyl)aminomethyl]benzimidazole and related compounds on the growth of experimental tumours (1969)

Abstract The inhibitory activity of some benzimidazole Mannich-base nitrogen mustards on the growth of experimental tumours, viz. mouse fibrosarcoma in mice and Yoshida ascites sarcoma in rats has been examined. Amongst the compounds tested 5,6-dichloro-1-[di(2-chloroethyl)aminomethyl]benzimidazole and 1-[di(2-chloroethyl)-aminomethyl]-2-phenylbenzimidazole showed inhibitory effect on mouse fibrosarcoma; while 4-bromo-1-[di(2-chloroethyl)aminomethyl]benzimidazole, 4-chloro-1-[di(2-chloroethyl)aminomethyl]-benzimidazole and 1-[di(2-chloroethyl)aminomethyl]-5-methoxybenzimidazole were active against Yoshida ascites sarcoma.