gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Insulin secretion in healthy pregnant Natal Indians. (1976)

The pattern of insulin release in healthy pregnant Natal Indian women was determined. Progressive hyperinsulinaemia associated with advancing pregnancy was confirmed, together with evidence of a decreased sensitivity to insulin at a cellular level. The plasma insulin response returned to normal in the early puerperium.
[Regulation of insulin receptor expression and its gene]. (1993)

The insulin receptor is a membrane macromolecule whose expression on the cell surface is essential for cell sensitivity to insulin. Current knowledge on the regulation of expression of the insulin receptor and its gene in human and animal cells is presented. Although ubiquitously distributed, the insulin receptor and its messenger RNA (mRNA) are mainly expressed in metabolically active cells such as hepatocytes and adipocytes. Two receptor isoforms, generated by alternative splicing of exon 11, have been identified. Isoform B (exon 11+) predominates in liver and adipocytes, and isoform A (exon 11-) in brain, spleen and leukocytes. In vivo and in several cell models, the expression of the insulin receptor and/or its mRNA is under positive regulation by glucocorticoid hormones and negative regulation by insulin. Glucocorticoid hormones stimulate receptor gene transcription and receptor protein synthesis. Insulin stimulates receptor protein degradation and, in certain cell types, decreases receptor mRNA level. Vanadate (an insulinomimetic agent) corrects, in vivo, the hyperexpression of the liver receptor observed in experimental insulinopenic diabetes, but its effects on receptor expression in vitro are complex and vary with the cell type. In vivo the insulin receptor and/or its mRNA are expressed early in fetal development with a high level, in liver, of isoform A. Maximal expression is reached at the end of gestation and then decreases after birth. In several cell models, receptor protein and/or mRNA expression is affected by cell growth and/or differentiation. Several cis- and trans-acting factors regulating the expression of the human insulin receptor gene and its response to glucocorticoid hormones have been identified.
Efficacy of Intravenously Administered Gepotidacin in Cynomolgus Macaques following a Francisella tularensis Inhalational Challenge (2023)

Francisella tularensis (F. tularensis) is a Centers for Disease Control (CDC) category "A" Gram-negative biothreat pathogen. Inhalation of F. tularensis can cause pneumonia and respiratory failure and is associated with high mortality rates without early treatment. Gepotidacin is a novel, first-in-class triazaacenaphthylene antibiotic that inhibits bacterial DNA replication by a distinct mechanism of action. Gepotidacin selectively inhibits bacterial DNA replication via a unique binding mode, has activity against multidrug-resistant target pathogens, and has demonstrated <i>in vitro</i> activity against diverse collections of F. tularensis isolates (MIC<sub>90</sub> of 0.5 to 1 μg/mL). Gepotidacin was evaluated in the cynomolgus macaque model of inhalational tularemia, using the SCHU S4 strain, with treatment initiated after exposure and sustained fever. Macaques were dosed via intravenous (i.v.) infusion with saline or gepotidacin at 72 mg/kg/day to support a human i.v. infusion dosing regimen of 1,000 mg three times daily. The primary study endpoint was survival, with survival duration and bacterial clearance as secondary endpoints. Gepotidacin treatment resulted in 100% survival compared to 12.5% in the saline-treated control group (<i>P</i> < 0.0001) at Day 43 postinhalational challenge. All gepotidacin-treated animals were blood and organ culture negative for F. tularensis at the end of the study. In contrast, none of the saline control animals were blood and organ culture negative. Gepotoidacin's novel mechanism of action and the efficacy data reported here (aligned with the Food and Drug Administration Animal Rule) support gepotidacin as a potential treatment for pneumonic tularemia in an emergency biothreat situation.
Accumulation of HLA-DM, a regulator of antigen presentation, in MHC class II compartments (1994)

The HLA-DM genes encode an unconventional HLA (human leukocyte antigen) class II molecule that is required for appropriate binding of peptide to classical HLA class II products. In the absence of DM, other class II molecules are unstable upon electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate and are largely associated with a nested set of peptides derived from the invariant chain called CLIP, for class II-associated invariant chain peptides. DMA and DMB associated and accumulated in multilaminar, intracellular compartments with classical class II molecules, but were found infrequently, if at all, at the cell surface. Thus, DM may facilitate peptide binding to class II molecules within these intracellular compartments.
Fronthaul Load Balancing in Energy Harvesting Powered Cloud Radio Access Networks (2017)

Enhanced with wireless power transfer capability, cloud radio access network (C-RAN) enables energy-restrained mobile devices to function uninterruptedly. Beamforming of C-RAN has potential to improve the efficiency of wireless power transfer, in addition to transmission data rates. In this paper, we design the beamforming jointly for data transmission and energy transfer, under finite fronthaul capacity of C-RAN. A non-convex problem is formulated to balance the fronthaul requirements of different remote radio heads (RRHs). Norm approximations and relaxations are carried out to convexify the problem to second-order cone programming (SOCP). To improve the scalability of the design to large networks, we further decentralize the SOCP problem using the alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM). A series of reformulations and transformations are conducted, such that the resultant problem conforms to the state-of-the-art ADMM solver and can be efficiently solved in real time. Simulation results show that the distributed algorithm can remarkably reduce the time complexity without compromising the fronthaul load balancing of its centralized counterpart. The proposed algorithms can also reduce the fronthaul bandwidth requirements by 25% to 50%, compared with the prior art.
Efficacy of polyethylene glycol–conjugated bovine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for reducing the incidence of naturally occurring clinical mastitis in periparturient dairy cows and heifers (2015)

Results suggested that PEG-bG-CSF was effective for reducing the incidence of naturally occurring clinical mastitis in periparturient dairy cattle. Further investigations of the use of PEG-bG-CSF as a potential preventative intervention should be conducted.
Coordinative chain transfer polymerization of 1-decene in the presence of a Ti-based diamine bis(phenolate) catalyst: a sustainable approach to produce low viscosity PAOs (2020)

A Ti-based diamine bis(phenolate) catalyst, [Ti{2,2′-(OC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>2</sub>-4,6-<italic>t</italic>Bu<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>NHMePhMeNH}Cl<sub>2</sub>], was synthesized and fully characterized by elemental analysis and NMR spectroscopy.
Constraining object features using a polarization reflectance model (1992)

The authors present a polarization reflectance model that uses the Fresnel reflection coefficients. This reflectance model accurately predicts the magnitudes of polarization components of reflected light, and all the polarization-based methods presented follow from this model. The authors demonstrate the capability of polarization-based methods to segment material surfaces according to varying levels of relative electrical conductivity, in particular distinguishing dielectrics, which are nonconducting, and metals, which are highly conductive. Polarization-based methods can provide cues for distinguishing different intensity-edge types arising from intrinsic light-dark or color variations, intensity edges caused by specularities, and intensity edges caused by occluding contours where the viewing direction becomes nearly orthogonal to surface normals. Analysis of reflected polarization components is also shown to enable the separation of diffuse and specular components of reflection, unobscuring intrinsic surface detail saturated by specular glare. Polarization-based methods used for constraining surface normals are discussed. >
Interactive Encryption and Message Authentication (2014)

Abstract. Public-Key Encryption (PKE) and Message Authentication (PKMA, aka as digital signatures) are fundamental cryptographic primitives. Traditionally, both notions are defined as non-interactive (i.e., single-message). In this work, we initiate rigorous study of (possibly) interactive PKE and PKMA schemes. We obtain the following results demonstrating the power of interaction to resolve questions which are either open or impossible in the non-interactive setting. Efficiency/Assumptions. One of the most well known open questions in the area of PKE is to build, in a “black-box way”, so called chosen ciphertext attack (CCA-) secure PKE from chosen plaintext attack (CPA-) secure PKE. In contrast, we show a simple 2-round CCA-secure PKE from any (non-interactive) CPA-secure PKE (in fact, these primitives turn out to be equivalent). Similarly, although non-interactive PKMA schemes can be inefficiently built from any one-way function, no efficient signature schemes are known from many popular number-theoretic assumptions, such as factoring, CDH or DDH. In contrast, we show an efficient 2-round PKMA from most popular assumptions, including factoring, CDH and DDH. Advanced Properties. It is well known that no non-interactive signature (resp. encryption) scheme can be deniable (resp. forward-secure), since the signature (resp. ciphertext) can later “serve as an evidence of the sender’s consent ” (resp. “be decrypted if the receiver’s key is compromised”). We also formalize
Voltage harmonics generated by voltage-fed inverters using PWM natural sampling (1988)

The harmonics generated by natural sampled pulse width modulation are investigated experimentally and by theoretical models for the outputs obtained with triangular and sawtooth carrier signals. These equations are valid for synchronous and asynchronous operation. It is shown that triangular carriers generate less harmonics than sawtooth carriers, and that in synchronous operation with single-phase modulation, the carrier-to-output frequency ratio may be any integer value.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Membrane protein CAR promotes hematopoietic regeneration upon stress (2020)

Adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are quiescent most of the time, and how HSCs switch from quiescence to proliferation following hematopoietic stress is unclear. Here we demonstrate that upon stress the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor CAR (also known as CXADR) is upregulated in HSCs and critical for HSC entry into the cell cycle. WT HSCs were detected more rapid repopulation ability than the CAR cKO counterparts. After 5-FU treatment, CAR cKO HSCs had lower levels of Notch1 expression and elevated protein level of Numb, a Notch antagonist. The Notch signaling inhibitor DAPT, dominant negative form of MAML (a transcriptional coactivator of Notch), or dominant negative mutant of LNX2 (an E3 ligase that acts on Numb and binds to CAR), all were capable of abrogating the function of CAR in HSCs. We conclude that CAR activates Notch1 signaling by downregulating Numb protein expression to facilitate entry of quiescent HSCs into the cell cycle during regeneration.
FOUR YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF HIGH-DOSE DONOR BONE MARROW INFUSIONS TO ENHANCE ALLOGRAFT SURVIVAL (1999)

86 Donor bone marrow cell (DBMC) infusions have been proposed to enhance allograft survival. Aim of this clinical trial was to determine the effect of DBMC infusions on patient and graft survival after liver transplantation (LTX). DBMC (from vertebral bodies) were administered in 257 LTX recipients. In 432 LTX recipients donor vertebral bodies were not available (controls). Up to 1 × 109 DBMC/kg were infused in equal aliquots administered at day 5,11 (2 DBMC delayed; n=185), at day 5,14,21,28,90 (5 DBMC; n=36), or at day 0,11 (2 DBMC; n=36). Four year actuarial patient/graft survival (%) was 84.1/81.2 (2 DBMC delayed), 77.4/72.2 (5 DBMC), 74.8/69.2 (2 DBMC) and 79.0/66.1 (Controls). The 4 year results in controls were similar to the 3 year results reported by UNOS (77.4/66.4). Patient survival was not significantly different in all groups. Graft survival in the 2 DBMC delayed group was higher compared to the controls (p<0.001, Wilcoxon). Acute, biopsy proven, rejection was lower in the 2 DBMC delayed group (35.1%) vs. controls (43.3%; p<0.05). The incidence of multiple (3 or more) rejection episodes was 4.9% in the 2 DBMC delayed group, 11.6% in the control group (p=0.01), and 22.2% in the 5 DBMC group (p=0.001). Chronic rejection was 5.8% in the controls and 4.9% in the 2 DBMC delayed group (NS). Two or more biopsies positive for chronic rejection were observed in 0.5% in the 2 DBMC delayed group vs. 2.8% in the controls (NS). In contrast, a significantly higher incidence of chronic rejection was observed in the 5 DBMC group (27.8%). When the DBMC was infused at day 0,11 (2 DBMC group) the incidence of acute and chronic rejection was 50% and 13.9% respectively (NS vs. controls or 2 DBMC delayed). The incidence of EBV infections was higher in the controls and 2 DBMC group compared to the 2 DBMC delayed group (5.7 and 5.7 vs. 1.7 respectively; p<0.05). However PTLD was observed only in 3 cases (2 in the DBMC and 1 in the control groups, NS). The incidence of other infections (bacterial or viral) was not significantly different between groups. Similarly, no significant difference was observed in the distribution of causes of death or graft failure between groups. The incidence of GVHD was higher in the DBMC groups (3.1%) compared to the controls (0.5%; p=0.005), with the highest incidence observed in the 5 DBMC group (8.3%; p=0.001) compared to the 2 DBMC delayed (2.2%; p=0.05). The results indicate that timing of DBMC infusions can result in significantly different outcomes in LTX survival and can also affect the incidence of acute, chronic rejection as well as GVHD.
Experimental phasing using zinc anomalous scattering (2012)

Zinc is a suitable metal for anomalous dispersion phasing methods in protein crystallography. Structure determination using zinc anomalous scattering has been almost exclusively limited to proteins with intrinsically bound zinc(s). Here, it is reported that multiple zinc ions can easily be charged onto the surface of proteins with no intrinsic zinc-binding site by using zinc-containing solutions. Zn derivatization of protein surfaces appears to be a largely unnoticed but promising method of protein structure determination.
BACTERIAL LYSATES (OM-85 BV): a cost-effective proposal in order to contrast antibiotic resistance (2020)

OM-85 BV is effective in reducing exacerbations, and could lead to significant savings for the NHS. Moreover, reducing the number of exacerbations it could avoid an over-use of antibiotics and the consequent antibiotic resistance.
Sub-wavelength InP lasers selectively grown on SOI (2023)

We report sub-wavelength InP lasers selectively grown on (001) silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers. Detailed characterizations were performed to study the effect of different laser cavities. The sub-wavelength laser features a low lasing threshold of 120 μJ/cm 2 and a spontaneous emission factor of around 0.7.
Nuclease-responsive DNA–PEI hollow microcapsules for bio-stimuli controlled release (2014)

In this paper, a DNA-PEI microcapsule with novel nuclease-responsive controlled release properties was demonstrated. This microcapsule was constructed by the self-assembly of native DNA and PEI, and can work as a dual carrier for both DNA in the capsule shell and drugs inside the capsule. The controlled release behavior of the model drug BSA-FITC was studied using fluorescence microscopy and UV spectroscopy, and the results show that the synergetic controlled release can be triggered very well by a bio-stimulus, DNA nuclease recognition capsule decomposition, as well as the pH value and salt concentration. The therapeutic effects of the drug are enhanced due to the bio-stimuli responsive properties and the synergetic release of DNA and the drug together.
Modèles aux tensions de Reynolds avec prise en compte de l'intermittence de frontière (2004)

The goal of this PhD thesis is to optimise a Reynolds stress model. Some constraints are applied to the length scale transport equation in order to take into account the effect of a pressure gradient on the structure of the boundary layer. This leads us to revisit the analysis of the behaviour of turbulence models at the vicinity of a free stream edge. The behaviour is different from what has been assumed before as the expected power law solution is contained in a more complex solution. This study proved that the constraints for the free stream edge are incompatible with the other constraints. The intermittent character of the free stream edge is taken into account in order to unlink the behaviour of the model at the free stream edge from its behaviour in fully turbulent regions. The model deduced from this analysis fulfils all the constraints and is calibrated on free shear flows and boundary layers where the constraints significantly improve the quality of results.
Diversity Arrays: a solid state technology for sequence information independent genotyping (2001)

Here we present the successful application of the microarray technology platform to the analysis of DNA polymorphisms. Using the rice genome as a model, we demonstrate the potential of a high-throughput genome analysis method called Diversity Array Technology, DArT'. In the format presented here the technology is assaying for the presence (or amount) of a specific DNA fragment in a representation derived from the total genomic DNA of an organism or a population of organisms. Two different approaches are presented: the first involves contrasting two representations on a single array while the second involves contrasting a representation with a reference DNA fragment common to all elements of the array. The Diversity Panels created using this method allow genetic fingerprinting of any organism or group of organisms belonging to the gene pool from which the panel was developed. Diversity Arrays enable rapid and economical application of a highly parallel, solid-state genotyping technology to any genome or complex genomic mixtures.
Oxidative Reactions of Hydrazines. IV. Elimination of Nitrogen from 1,1-Disubstituted-2-arenesulfonhydrazides1-4 (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidative Reactions of Hydrazines. IV. Elimination of Nitrogen from 1,1-Disubstituted-2-arenesulfonhydrazides1-4Louis A. CarpinoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 16, 4427–4431Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01573a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01573a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1395Altmetric-Citations152LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Physiological dynamics of chemosynthetic symbionts in hydrothermal vent snails (2020)

Symbioses between invertebrate animals and chemosynthetic bacteria form the basis of hydrothermal vent ecosystems worldwide. In the Lau Basin, deep-sea vent snails of the genus Alviniconcha associate with either Gammaproteobacteria (A. kojimai, A. strummeri) or Campylobacteria (A. boucheti) that use sulfide and/or hydrogen as energy sources. While the A. boucheti host-symbiont combination (holobiont) dominates at vents with higher concentrations of sulfide and hydrogen, the A. kojimai and A. strummeri holobionts are more abundant at sites with lower concentrations of these reductants. We posit that adaptive differences in symbiont physiology and gene regulation might influence the observed niche partitioning between host taxa. To test this hypothesis, we used high-pressure respirometers to measure symbiont metabolic rates and examine changes in gene expression among holobionts exposed to in situ concentrations of hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>: ~25 µM) or hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S: ~120 µM). The campylobacterial symbiont exhibited the lowest rate of H<sub>2</sub>S oxidation but the highest rate of H<sub>2</sub> oxidation, with fewer transcriptional changes and less carbon fixation relative to the gammaproteobacterial symbionts under each experimental condition. These data reveal potential physiological adaptations among symbiont types, which may account for the observed net differences in metabolic activity and contribute to the observed niche segregation among holobionts.
Spinal cord injury: time out of bed during rehabilitation. (1979)

Preliminary experience in applying unobtrusive instrumentation to monitor selected patient activities over extended periods of time has shown this procedure to be both feasible and useful. The target activity studied was time out of bed (TOB) for 36 spinal cord injury patients undergoing comprehensive rehabilitation. Measurements were made with a rest-time monitor (RTM), which provides an objective daily record of how often and for how long a patient is out of bed. During the initial week of mobilization, paraplegic patients (n = 14) were out of bed for an average of 1.7 hours and quadriplegic patients (n = 22) for an average of 1.5 hours. Maximum TOB in each group was 8.7 and 9.2 hours, respectively, which dropped to 7.2 and 7.8 hours at time of discharge. Based on this experience, a standard activity curve has been developed which is used as a reference in assessing the weekly progress of individual patients. Distinctive types of activity patterns are described in relation to clinical and functional outcomes during hospitalization and 12 months after discharge.
Cerebrospinal Fluid in Diseases of the Nervous System. (1980)

Historical introduction anatomical aspects of the cerebrospinal fluid physiology of the cerebrospinal fluid blood-brain barrier intracranial pressure - physiology and pathophysiology disorders of intracranial pressure - hydrocephalus, brain oedema, pseudotumour, intracranial hypotension, and related disorders examination of the cerebrospinal fluid - techniques and complications composition of the cerebrospinal fluid CSF findings in diseases of the nervous system lumbar puncture in clinical practice.
Bronchoscopy safety precautions for diagnosing COVID‐19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis—A simulation study (2020)

Adequate personal protective equipment and safety strategies allow to minimise contamination during bronchoscopy in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients.