gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient abuse‐free fair contract‐signing protocol based on an ordinary crisp commitment scheme (2014)

A mathematical framework for conventional commitment schemes is proposed. Digital contract‐signing protocols represent an important application of the proposed framework, where usually two mistrusted parties wish to exchange their commitments in a fair way. Building on a variant of the proposed framework, an efficient contract‐signing protocol over the Internet is developed. The latter protocol is ‘optimistic, fairness and abuse‐free’. Detailed security and performance analyses are provided. The performance analysis reveals an important computational aspect of the proposed protocol which requires only ‘four rounds’ to complete unlike existing protocols. Moreover, the communication and computational costs are relatively small. Given these theoretical and practical features, the proposed contract‐signing protocol is not only of theoretical interest, but it also enjoys practical merits which make it very suitable for electronic transactions requiring online signature exchange.
A high resolution, stictionless, CMOS compatible SOI accelerometer with a low noise, low power, 0.25 μm CMOS interface (2004)

The implementation and characterization of a high sensitivity silicon-on-insulator (SOI) capacitive microaccelerometer with sub-25 /spl mu/g resolution is presented. The in-plane accelerometers were fabricated on 40 /spl mu/m thick SOI substrates using a two-mask, dry-release low temperature process comprising of three plasma etching steps. The fabricated devices were interfaced with a high resolution, low noise and low power switched-capacitor integrated circuit (IC) fabricated in a 2.5 V 0.25 /spl mu/m N-well CMOS process. The measured sensitivity is 0.2 pF/g and the output noise floor is 20 /spl mu/g//spl radic/Hz. The total power consumption is 3 mW.
Recent developments of mycotoxin-degrading enzymes: identification, preparation and application (2023)

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi during their growth. They not only seriously affect the yield of food crops but also pose a threat to human and animal health. Physical and chemical methods have been widely used to reduce the production and accumulation of mycotoxins in the field or after harvest, but these methods have difficulty in completely removing mycotoxins while keeping the nutrients at the same time. Biodegradation methods using isolated enzymes have shown superiority and potential for modest reaction conditions, high degradation efficiency and degradation products with low toxicity. Therefore, the occurrence, chemical structures, and toxicology of six prevalent mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, aflatoxin, patulin, fumonisin, and ochratoxin) were described in this manuscript. The identification and application of mycotoxin-degrading enzymes were thoroughly reviewed. It is believed that in the near future, mycotoxin-degrading enzymes are expected to be commercially developed and used in the feed and food industries.
Assessment of Cardiovascular Effects in Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy and Prognostic Implications (1980)

Cardiovascular effects of diabetic autonomic neuropathy include postural hypotension, resting tachycardia, and, possibly, painless myocardial infarction. Involvement of cardiovascular reflexes in diabetes can be assessed using simple noninvasive tests: the Valsalva maneuver, beat-to-beat heart rate variation, the heart rate response to standing, postural fall in blood pressure, and the sustained handgrip test. Tests of parasympathetic function appear to be abnormal more frequently and earlier in cardiac autonomic involvement, whereas sympathetic damage usually occurs later and is associated with clinical symptoms. When test results are abnormal, in association with symptoms suggestive of autonomic neuropathy, the prognosis is grave. Some sudden deaths that occur may be due to abnormal autonomic reflexes.
Dopaminergic signalling and behavioural alterations by Comt–Dtnbp1 genetic interaction and their clinical relevance (2023)

These findings illustrate an epistatic interaction of two dopamine-related genes and their functional effects, supporting the need to address genetic interaction mechanisms at the base of complex behavioural traits.
A Comprehensive High-Efficiency Protocol for Isolation, Culture, Polarization, and Glycolytic Characterization of Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages (2021)

Macrophages are among the most important antigen-presenting cells. Many subsets of macrophages have been identified with unique metabolic signatures. Macrophages are commonly classified as M1-like (inflammatory) and M2-like (anti-inflammatory) subtypes. M1-like macrophages are pro-inflammatory macrophages that get activated by LPS and/or pro-inflammatory cytokines such as INF-γ, IL-12 & IL-2. M1-like polarized macrophages are involved in various diseases by mediating the host's defense to a variety of bacteria and viruses. That is very important to study LPS induced M1-like macrophages and their metabolic states in inflammatory diseases. M2-like macrophages are considered anti-inflammatory macrophages, activated by anti-inflammatory cytokines and stimulators. Under the pro-inflammatory state, macrophages show increased glycolysis in glycolytic function. The glycolytic function has been actively investigated in the context of glycolysis, glycolytic capacity, glycolytic reserve, compensatory glycolysis, or non-glycolytic acidification using extracellular flux (XF) analyzers. This paper demonstrates how to assess the glycolytic states in real-time with easy-to-follow steps when the bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) are respiring, consuming, and producing energy. Using specific inhibitors and activators of glycolysis in this protocol, we show how to obtain a systemic and complete view of glycolytic metabolic processes in the cells and provide more accurate and realistic results. To be able to measure multiple glycolytic phenotypes, we provide an easy, sensitive, DNA-based normalization method for polarization assessment of BMDMs. Culturing, activation/polarization and identification of the phenotype and metabolic state of the BMDMs are crucial techniques that can help to investigate many different types of diseases. In this paper, we polarized the naïve M0 macrophages to M1-like and M2-like macrophages with LPS and IL4, respectively, and measured a comprehensive set of glycolytic parameters in BMDMs in real-time and longitudinally over time, using extracellular flux analysis and glycolytic activators and inhibitors.
Selective reactions of carbanions with p-quinones. The aggregate model (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective reactions of carbanions with p-quinones. The aggregate modelDennis Liotta, Manohar Saindane, and Christopher BarnumCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 16, 3369–3370Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00329a055https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00329a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views419Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Contact allergy to kojic acid in skin care products (1995)

Kojic acid (5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-pyrone), a fungal metabolic product, has increasingly been used as a skin-depigmenting agent in skin care products marketed in Japan since 1988. In order to determine its frequency of sensitization, during 1 year from October 1992 to September 1993, we performed patch testing with it in 220 female patients with suspected cosmetic-related contact dermatitis. Of the 220 patients, 8 used at least 1 skin care product containing kojic acid, 5 of whom reacted to kojic acid as well as to 1 or more their own products containing 1% kojic acid, but not to their other products not containing it, and 3 of whom were negative to kojic acid and all their own products. Patch testing with kojic acid in the remaining group of 212 patients, who had not previously used skin care products containing it, was negative without exception. The 5 kojic-acid-sensitive patients, aged 34 to 58 years, developed facial dermatitis 1-12 months after starting application of kojic-acid-containing products. Kojic acid is considered to have high sensitizing potential, as a comparatively high frequency of contact sensitivity was observed in patients using products containing it (5 out of 8).
Immunodrugs: breaking B- but not T-cell tolerance with therapeutic anticytokine vaccines (2010)

Pathology in most chronic inflammatory diseases is characterized by an imbalance in cytokine expression. Targeting cytokines with monoclonal antibodies has proven to be a highly effective treatment. However, monoclonal antibody therapy has disadvantages such as high production costs, generation of antimonoclonal antibodies and the inconvenience of frequent injections. Therapeutic vaccines have the potential to overcome these limitations. The aim of active vaccination is to induce B-cell responses and obtain autoantibodies capable of neutralizing the interaction of the targeted cytokine with its receptor. In order to achieve this, therapeutic vaccines need to circumvent the potent tolerance mechanisms that exist to prevent immune responses against self-molecules. This article focuses on the tolerance mechanisms of the B- and T-cell compartments and how these may be manipulated to obtain high-affinity autoantibodies without inducing potentially dangerous autoreactive T-cell responses.
EL-Rec: Efficient Large-Scale Recommendation Model Training via Tensor-Train Embedding Table (2022)

Deep learning Recommendation Models (DLRMs) plays an important role in various application domains. However, existing DLRM training systems require a large number of GPUs due to the memory-intensive embedding tables. To this end, we propose EL-Rec, an efficient computing framework harnessing the Tensor-train (TT) technique to democratize the training of large-scale DLRMs with limited GPU resources. Specifically, EL-Rec optimizes TT decomposition based on key computation primitives of embedding tables and implements a high-performance compressed embedding table which is a drop-in replacement of Pytorch API. EL-Rec introduces an index reordering technique to harvest the performance gains from both local and global information of training inputs. EL-Rec also highlights a pipeline training paradigm to eliminate the communication overhead between the host memory and the training worker. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that EL-Rec can handle the largest publicly available DLRM dataset with a single GPU and achieves 3× speedup over the state-of-the-art DLRM frameworks.
Distributed Decision‐Making in Supply Chains and Private E‐Marketplaces (2004)

This paper develops a distributed decision‐making framework for the players in a supply chain or a private e‐marketplace to collaboratively arrive at a global Pareto‐optimal solution. In this model, no player has complete knowledge about all the costs and constraints of the other players. The decision‐making framework employs an iterative procedure, based on the Integer L‐shaped method, in which a master problem is solved to propose global solutions, and each player uses his local problems to construct feasibility and optimality cuts on the master problem. The master problem is modeled as a mixed‐integer program, and the players' local problems are formulated as linear programs. Collaborative planning scenarios in private e‐marketplaces and in supply chains were formulated and solved for test data. The results show that this distributed model is able to achieve near‐optimal solutions considerably faster than the traditional centralized approach.
Application of second generation advanced multi-media display processor (AMDP2) in a digital micro-mirror array based HDTV (2001)

A second generation of the advanced multi-media display processor (AMDP2) is applied in a consumer multi-media HDTV prototype system. The AMDP2 provides a cost effective and flexible platform which can be used to implement a wide array of video processing algorithms. Examples include interlace to progressive scan conversion, image scaling, and picture enhancement. This paper describes a digital micro mirror HDTV architecture and the application of the AMDP2 processor to perform video processing algorithms for various input signals for display on a 1280/spl times/720 digital micro mirror device (DMD).
The effect of two sphenoidotomy approaches on the sense of smell: trans-ethmoidal versus trans-sphenoethmoidal (2014)

If the trans-sphenoethmoidal technique is done meticulously, patients have the same olfactory relief, psychophysically and subjectively, as those undergoing the trans-ethmoidal technique.
Anti-CD30 Human IL-2 Fusion Proteins Display Strong and Specific Cytotoxicity In Vivo (2009)

Although therapy of CD30-positive lymphomas such as classical Hodgkin lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma has been improved considerably during the last decades, patients suffer from high toxicity of current therapeutic regimens. Since CD30 expression is very restricted, CD30-positive tumors are well suited for immunotherapeutic approaches. Several distinct immunotherapeutic approaches with chimeric, humanized, and bispecific antibodies as well as immunotoxins are already described. In this report, we give a short overview of CD30-targeting approaches in humans. Furthermore, we introduce two novel anti-CD30 fusion proteins consisting of the single chain variable fragment of the CD30 monoclonal antibody Ber-H2 and human interleukin-2, evaluate their biological activity in a human CD30-positive syngeneic murine model, and demonstrate the immunological mechanisms leading to tumor rejection by these reagents. The data indicate that there are several promising approaches in CD30-targeted immunotherapy. The findings of the anti-CD30 IL-2 constructs suggest that these fusion proteins are particularly useful to remove small, residual tumors.
Real-Time Position Measurement Integrated with CAD: Technologies and Their Protocols (1995)

The consortium for advanced positioning system (CAPS) was formed in December 1992. The purpose of CAPS is to assist the Civil Engineering Research Foundation (CERF) with a Cooperative Research & Development Agreement (CRDA). CAPS will field and test a new real-time laser-based technology, real-time differential global positioning systems (DGPS), and total stations to determine areas of functionality and how to best integrate these measurement devices to improve the work process and as-building capabilities. The founding members of CAPS are Spatial Positioning Systems, Inc., Blacksburg, Virginia; Jacobus Technology, Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland; Bechtel Corporation, San Francisco, California; and CERF, Washington, D.C. Integraph Corporation Huntsville, Alabama, joined CAPS in May 1993. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) is participating in CAPS through a CRDA with CERF. The objective of the CRDA is to create and field-test a system that improves quality, speed, and accuracy of construction layout and generates real-time as-builts. This effort encompasses the integration of the aforementioned new laser-based positioning system, total stations, and DGPS with computer-aided design (CAD)/ systems to form a real-time construction layout and as-built development system (RtCLADS). This paper presents three positioning technologies, their capabilities, their limitations, and the protocol needed to support the objectives of the CRDA.
Towards Autonomous Grasping with Robotic Prosthetic Hands (2017)

For an effective use of a robotic prosthetic, smooth transition between the states of this human-in-the-loop cyber-physical system (or autonomous operation) is crucial. In order to achieve that, taking into account the uncertainties in the robotic system may be as significant as anticipating the human intent. In this study, we present two risk measures associated with a simple grasping task based on the pre-grasp position and orientation of the robotic hand, and analyze them by using a model of a dexterous mechatronic prosthetic arm to simulate a simple grasping task. Moreover, we develop a hybrid position and force grasp controller and use a grasp quality metric to assess the grasps. 34 simulations with different pre-grasp poses were performed to investigate the relationship between the grasp quality and the risk measures as well as the sensitivity of the grasp quality to the pre-grasp position of the hand. Results show that the proposed risk metrics and the pre-grasp position correlate with the grasp quality, yet they are not sufficient to predict the outcome.
Kinetics of cathodic oxygen reduction on lanthanum-based perovskite-type oxides. (1985)

15種のランタン系ペロブスカイト型複合酸化物を調製し,アルカリ水溶液中での酸素の電気化学的還元反応に対する触媒作用を,おもに回転リングデイスク電極(RRPE)法を用いて系統的に調べた。ほとんどの酸化物では,カーボンに対すう酸化物の混合量を増すと電極性能は向上し,中間生成物である HO2- の生成量は減少した。酸素還元に対する反応電子数(n)については,カーボン単独の場合はO, 酸化物を 80wt% 混合した場合には 2.3～4.0 となった。また H2O2 の分解速度の測定から,102.0, 種の酸化物に比較的高い分解能があることを見いだした℃ 以上の結果から,これらの酸化物は酸素の四電子還元と,HO2- の分解の両反応に対して触媒活性を有していることがわかった。したがって,これらの酸化物上での酸素還元にはつぎの二つの経路が考えられる。各反応に対する速度論的パラメーターを RRDE 法からのデータの解析によって求め,各酸化物を三つのグループに分類した。すなわち, LaCrO3 と LaFeO3 のような反応(i)および(iii)に対する活性が両方とも低いグループI, LaMnO3 などの反応(i)に対する活性だけが高いグループII,さらに両活性ともかなり高い LaNiO3 などの多くの酸化物が属するグループIIIである。電極触媒として優れているのはグループII とグループIII の酸化物であるが,それらめ中でも La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 (グループ)と La0.6 Sr0.4 Fe0.6 Co0.4O3 (グループIII)がとくに高い電極活性を示した。
Feasibility Study of a Wide Coverage Dual-Polarized Phased Array Antenna at 10 GHz (2021)

The paper studies the feasibility of designing and manufacturing a low-profile, dual-polarized wide-scan X-band (10 GHz) antenna array. In a large array environment, approximated as an infinitely large array, the antenna is capable of beam scanning up to ±75° with a bandwidth of 15% in terms of the active reflection coefficient (Γ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">act</inf> ) below −10 dB.
The inhibitory effect induced by delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the contractions of the isolated rat vas deferens. (1978)

To analyse the influence of delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on the effects induced by sympathomimetic, parasympathomimetic and direct spasmogenic drugs, the isolated rat vas deferens preparation was chosen. Instead of the usual emulsifying agents, we have used 1% ethanol (ET-OH) to keep the cannabinoids in homogeneous dispersion in the bath. THC exerted a non-competitive inhibition of noradrenaline and of acetylcholine responses but no synergistic action nor competitive antagonism was seen on the dose range used. BaCl2 was potentiated by ethanol and this effect was abolished by THC. The water soluble derivative SP 111 showed actions similar to those of THC on noradrenaline and acetylcholine responses. It did not affect BaCl2 contractions, indicating that the cannabinoid might act by depressing early events of membrane activation.
Cooperative Localization and Mapping (2006)

Practical realization of autonomous multi-vehicle control in feature rich GPS-denied areas requires that agents possess the capability to generate and share maps with detail adequate for successful operation in complex environments. In addition, coordination of behaviors among robotic vehicles in a swarm is greatly enhanced by exploitation of information acquired by all members of the group. The representation of and mechanism for this information exchange and the control algorithms that utilize this information are the key components of autonomous multi-vehicle control. The use of stigmergic potential fields (SPF) and distributed control algorithms to realize adaptive, cooperative behaviors within the context of feature-rich GPS-denied environments is the focus of this paper. Specifically, the described control algorithms have been combined with the leading Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) approaches to yield robust multi-robot behaviors including exploration and mapping.
Human autologous serum as a substitute for fetal bovine serum in human Schwann cell culture. (2014)

Nowadays, cell -based and tissue engineered products have opened new horizons in treatment of incurable nervous system disorders. The number of studies on the role of Schwann cells (SC) in treating nervous disorders is higher than other cell types. Different protocols have been suggested for isolation and expansion of SC which most of them have used multiple growth factors, mitogens and fetal bovine sera (FBS) in culture medium. Because of potential hazards of animal-derived reagents, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of replacing FBS with human autologous serum (HAS) on SC's yield and culture parameters. Samples from 10 peripheral nerve biopsies were retrieved and processed under aseptic condition. The isolated cells cultured in FBS (1st group) or autologous serum (2nd group). After primary culture the cells were seeded at 10000 cell/cm2 in a 12 wells cell culture plate for each group. At 100% confluency, the cell culture parameters (count, viability, purity and culture duration) of 2 groups were compared using paired t-test. The average donors' age was 35.80 (SD=13.35) and except for 1 sample the others cultured successfully. In first group, the averages of cell purity, viability and culture duration were 97% (SD=1.32), 97/33% (SD=1.22) and 11.77 (SD=2.58) days respectively. This parameters were 97.33% (SD=1.00), 97.55% (SD=1.33) and 10.33 days (SD=1.65) in second group. The difference of cell count, purity and viability were not significant between 2 groups (P>0.05). The cells of second group reached to 100% confluency in shorter period of time (P=0.03). The results of this study showed that autologous serum can be a good substitute for FBS in human SC culture. This can reduce the costs and improve the safety of cell product for clinical application.
Phosphatidylserine on viable sperm and phagocytic machinery in oocytes regulate mammalian fertilization (2019)

Fertilization is essential for species survival. Although Izumo1 and Juno are critical for initial interaction between gametes, additional molecules necessary for sperm:egg fusion on both the sperm and the oocyte remain to be defined. Here, we show that phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) is exposed on the head region of viable and motile sperm, with PtdSer exposure progressively increasing during sperm transit through the epididymis. Functionally, masking phosphatidylserine on sperm via three different approaches inhibits fertilization. On the oocyte, phosphatidylserine recognition receptors BAI1, CD36, Tim-4, and Mer-TK contribute to fertilization. Further, oocytes lacking the cytoplasmic ELMO1, or functional disruption of RAC1 (both of which signal downstream of BAI1/BAI3), also affect sperm entry into oocytes. Intriguingly, mammalian sperm could fuse with skeletal myoblasts, requiring PtdSer on sperm and BAI1/3, ELMO2, RAC1 in myoblasts. Collectively, these data identify phosphatidylserine on viable sperm and PtdSer recognition receptors on oocytes as key players in sperm:egg fusion.