gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coreless printed circuit board (PCB) transformers with multiple secondary windings for complementary gate drive circuits (1999)

This paper describes the modeling and implementation of a coreless printed circuit board (PCB)-based transformer with "multiple" secondary outputs. This new PCB transformer has been successfully applied in complementary gate drive circuits in a novel low-profile power converter with high-power density and a converter bridge. The PCB-based transformers do not require the manual winding procedure and thus simplify the manufacturing process of transformer-isolated gate drive circuits. The use of the multiple secondary outputs can in principle simplify the complementary gate drive circuits that are often required in many power electronics applications.
Ultrahydrophobic Polymer Surfaces Prepared by Simultaneous Ablation of Polypropylene and Sputtering of Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) Using Radio Frequency Plasma (1999)

Ultrahydrophobic polypropylene surfaces were prepared by the simultaneous etching of polypropylene and etching/sputtering of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) using inductively coupled radio frequency argon plasma. The semicrystalline polypropylene surface is roughened due to the differential rates at which the crystalline and amorphous regimes ablate and is also fluorinated by the fluorocarbon plasma that results from the ablation/depolymerization of PTFE. The roughness of the polypropylene is controlled by the time of plasma etching. The presence of PTFE increases the rate of polypropylene roughening by reactive ion etching. The resulting roughened and fluorinated polypropylene surfaces were characterized by water contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Wettability was found to depend on the size scale and topology of the roughness. The most hydrophobic surfaces exhibited advancing and receding water contact angles of θA/θR = 172°/169°.
In vivoangiogenesis imaging of solid tumors by αvβ3-targeted, dual-modality micellar nanoprobes (2010)

The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate an alpha(v)beta(3)-specific nanoprobe consisting of fluorescent superparamagnetic polymeric micelles (FSPPM) for in vivo imaging of tumor angiogenesis. Spherical micelles were produced using poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(d,l-lactide) co-polymers conjugated with tetramethylrhodamine, a fluorescent dye, and loaded with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. The resulting micelle diameter was 50-70 nm by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy measurements. Micelles were encoded with an alpha(v)beta(3)-specific peptide, cyclic RGDfK, and optimized for maximum fluorescence and targeting in alpha(v)beta(3)-overexpressing cells in vitro. In mice, cRGD-FSPPM-treated animals showed alpha(v)beta(3)-specific FSPPM accumulation in human lung cancer subcutaneous tumor xenografts. Together with the histological validation, the three-dimensional gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data provide high spatial resolution mapping and quantification of angiogenic vasculature in an animal tumor model using targeted, ultrasensitive MRI nanoprobes.
Two-dimensional modulation codes for page-oriented optical data storage systems (2001)

We present 2-D modulation coding schemes of low computational complexity that overcome intersymbol interference in page-oriented optical data storage systems. The techniques improve the bit-error-rate performance and have typical code rates of 4/9 = 0.4444.
Record-sensitivity Gb/s receiver for free-space applications based on phase-sensitive amplification (2019)

We report error-free, 1 photon-per-bit receiver sensitivity using 10.52 Gb/s QPSK data and a half-rate FEC, enabled by a low-noise phase-sensitive pre-amplifier as well as injectionlocking-based pump recovery at sub nano-watt powers.
Multipath Rejection Through Spatial Processing (2000)

Scientific Advisory Board for the USAF and serves on the GPS World editorial advisory board. The development of low cost, small size antenna arrays and digital antenna electronics has resulted in small, affordable GPS phased arrays and digital receivers that are suitable for commercial applications. NAVSYS Highgain Advanced GPS Receiver (HAGR) product includes the capability to spatially process signals from up to 16antenna elements. Previous papers have presented the HAGR’s capability to perform beamforming, in both static and mobile environments, providing over 10 dB of additional signal gain on each satellite tracked. This capability results in highly accurate code and carrier tracking providing superior performance for high accuracy applications, such as kinematic GPS. In this paper, a further enhancement to the HAGR digital signal processing is described. A spatial signal processing algorithm has been developed that allows multipath signals to be detected and an adaptive antenna array pattern is then used to minimize their received signal power while still applying gain in the direction of the direct GPS signals. Test data is included showing the benefit of this method in reducing the multipath errors on both the pseudo-range and carrier-phase observations.
Synthesis of gold nanoparticles within silica monoliths through irradiation techniques using Au(i) and Au(iii) precursors (2014)

Spherical, well dispersed and small (6–60 nm) gold nanoparticles (GNPs) within mesoporous silica matrices have been prepared with different irradiation techniques and using two different gold precursors: (Ph<sub>3</sub>P)AuCl and [<sup>n</sup>Bu<sub>4</sub>N]AuCl<sub>4</sub>.
Polyiodine cations. Preparation and nuclear quadrupole resonance characterization of tri-iodine and penta-iodine tetrachloroaluminates, I3 +AlCl4 ? and I5 +AlCl4 ? (1972)

D. J. Merryman, P. A. Edwards, J. D. Corbett and R. E. McCarley, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1972, 779 DOI: 10.1039/C39720000779
The pathology of invasive breast cancerA Syllabus Derived from Findings of the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast Project (Protocol No. 4) (1975)

The inter-relationships of 32 pathologic and 7 clinical parameters encountered in the study of 1000 examples of invasive breast carcinoma have been presented. In some instances the biological significance of these associations is at present unclear. In others it is to be noted that there is no information provided as to the rank of their significance. Nevertheless, the associations that were encountered not only help further characterize the various forms of breast cancer but also provide information regarding the possible biological significance of some of their features. Although it is not our intention to minimize the possible significance of the inter-relationships of pathologic parameters, most emphasis in the summarizing statements which follow has been placed upon those correlations which may relate to prognosis. In this regard reference has been made to short-term treatment failure, vis a vis local recurrence and/or metastases, which may not necessarily accurately reflect patient survival, although generally such a relationship exists. Information in this regard as well as to the rank of the significance of these pathologic features shall be forthcoming when sufficient time has elapsed since the inception of this study to allow for such conclusions, i.e. survival or long-term treatment failure rates. Lastly, it becomes evident that the guidelines followed in the examination of these specimens appear to represent at least the minimum requirements necessary for a meaningful pathologic evaluation of breast carcinoma.
Androgens, ApoE, and Alzheimer's Disease (2004)

Increasing evidence indicates that there are reductions in estrogen and androgen levels in aged men and women. These hormonal reductions might be risk factors for cognitive impairments and the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aged people show improved cognition after treatments with sex steroids. Therefore, ongoing clinical AD trials have been designed to evaluate the potential benefits of estrogen therapy in women and testosterone therapy in men. Apolipoprotein E (apoE) plays an important role in the metabolism and redistribution of lipoproteins and cholesterol. The three major human apoE isoforms, apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4, differ in their effects on AD risk and pathology. Here I review various mechanisms proposed to mediate the differential effects of apoE isoforms on brain function and highlight the potential contribution of detrimental isoform-dependent effects of apoE on androgen- and androgen receptor (AR)-mediated pathways. I also discuss potential interactions of androgens with other AD-related factors.
A Generalized Traction Curve for EHL Contacts (2000)

In this paper the subject of friction prediction is revisited, with the aim of obtaining a general formula predicting the coefficient of friction over a wide range of operating conditions. By means of full numerical simulations of the smooth isothermal elliptic contact, and assuming an Eyring non-Newtonian behavior, the coefficient of friction is computed for a wide range of operating conditions. It is shown that with respect to sliding friction, all results can be presented on a single generalized friction curve relating a reduced coefficient of friction to a characteristic nondimensional shear stress. Finally, it is shown that some measured data presented in the literature when presented in terms of the derived parameters closely follow the derived behavior, which provides a validation of the theoretical results.
ImmTACs: bi-specific TCR-anti-CD3 fusions for targeted tumour killing (2015)

Meeting abstracts Tumour-specific T cells have the potential to eradicate cancer. However anti-tumour immunity is limited by low TCR affinities, MHC downregulation by cancer cells and an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. As most tumour-associated antigens are auto-antigens, tumour specific
Improved guidewire immobilization technique for interventional procedures (1987)

Improved guidewire immobilization technique for interventional proceduresML GavantAudio Available | Share
Plasma-Assisted Surface Modification on the Electrode Interface for Flexible Fiber-Shaped Zn–Polyaniline Batteries (2020)

A novel flexible fiber-shaped zinc-polyaniline battery (FZPB) is proposed to enhance the electrochemical performance, mass loading, and stability of polyaniline cathodes. To this end, electron-cyclotron-resonance oxygen plasma-modified carbon fibers are employed. During plasma treatment, on the carbon-fiber surface, O<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> plasma breaks the C-C, C-H, and C-N bonds to form C radicals, while the O<sub>2</sub> molecules are broken down to reactive oxygen species (O<sup>+</sup>, O<sup>2+</sup>, O<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>, and O<sub>2</sub><sup>2+</sup>). The C radicals and the reactive oxygen species are combined to homogeneously form oxygen functional groups, such as -OH, -COOH, and -C═O. The surface area and total pore volume of the treated carbon fibers increase as the plasma attacks. During electrodeposition, aniline interacts with the oxygen functional groups to form N-O and N-H bonds and π-π stacking, resulting in a homogeneous and high-loading polyaniline structure and improved adhesion between polyaniline and carbon fibers. In an FZPB, the cathode with plasma-treated carbon fibers and a polyaniline loading of 0.158 mg mg<sub>CF</sub><sup>-1</sup> (i.e., 2.36 mg cm<sub>CF</sub><sup>-1</sup>) exhibits a capacity retention of 95.39% after 200 cycles at 100 mA g<sup>-1</sup> and a discharge capacity of 83.96 mA h g<sup>-1</sup> at such a high current density of 2000 mA g<sup>-1</sup>, which are ∼1.67 and 1.24 times those of the pristine carbon-fiber-based one, respectively. Furthermore, the FZPB exhibits high flexibility with a capacity retention of 86.4% after bending to a radius of 2.5 mm for 100 cycles as a wearable energy device.
Rapid Methane Oxidation in a Landfill Cover Soil (1990)

Methane oxidation rates observed in a topsoil covering a retired landfill are the highest reported (45 g m day) for any environment. This microbial community had the capacity to rapidly oxidize CH(4) at concentrations ranging from <1 ppm (microliters per liter) (first-order rate constant [k] = -0.54 h) to >10 ppm (k = -2.37 h). The physiological characteristics of a methanotroph isolated from the soil (characteristics determined in aqueous medium) and the natural population, however, were similar to those of other natural populations and cultures: the Q(10) and optimum temperature were 1.9 and 31 degrees C, respectively, the apparent half-saturation constant was 2.5 to 9.3 muM, and 19 to 69% of oxidized CH(4) was assimilated into biomass. The CH(4) oxidation rate of this soil under waterlogged (41% [wt/vol] H(2)O) conditions, 6.1 mg liter day, was near rates reported for lake sediment and much lower than the rate of 116 mg liter day in the same soil under moist (11% H(2)O) conditions. Since there are no large physiological differences between this microbial community and other CH(4) oxidizers, we attribute the high CH(4) oxidation rate in moist soil to enhanced CH(4) transport to the microorganisms; gas-phase molecular diffusion is 10-fold faster than aqueous diffusion. These high CH(4) oxidation rates in moist soil have implications that are important in global climate change. Soil CH(4) oxidation could become a negative feedback to atmospheric CH(4) increases (and warming) in areas that are presently waterlogged but are projected to undergo a reduction in summer soil moisture.
USP Active Absorption Wave Basin: From Conception to Commissioning (2010)

This paper presents the new active absorption wave basin constructed at the University of Sa˜o Paulo (USP), in the Numerical Offshore Tank (TPN) Laboratory. The square (14m × 14m) tank is able to generate and absorb waves from 0.5Hz to 2.0Hz, by means of 148 active flap-type wavemakers. An independent mechanical system drives each flap by means of a 1HP servo-motor and a ball-screw based transmission system. A customized ultrasonic wave probe is installed in each flap, and is responsible for the measurement of wave elevation in the flap. These sensors do not require constant calibration, differently from the capacitive or resistive sensors normally used in similar tanks. A complex automation architecture was implemented, with 3 Programmable Logic Computers (PLC), and a low-level software is responsible for all the interlocks and maintenance functions of the tank. Furthermore, all the control algorithms for the generation and absorption are implemented using higher level software (MATLAB®/Simulink block diagrams). These algorithms calculate the motions of the wavemakers both to generate and absorb the required wave field by taking into account the layout of the flaps and the limits of wave generation. The experimental transfer function that relates the flap motion to the generated wave is used for the calculation of the motion of each flap. Absorption tests were conducted with a prototype wave generator in a 2D wave flume with regular waves. Two different algorithms were tested. The first one is the frequency domain method based on Maeda et al. (2004), in which the commanded variable is the motor velocity. Furthermore, the time domain algorithm proposed by Schaffer (1996) was also tested. It is based on a digital filter and uses the position of the motor as the commanded variable. Both algorithms have hydrodynamic feedback based on the measurement of surface elevation at each flap. The first algorithm needs an extensive test procedure to calibrate its control parameters while the second one, after optimizing the digital filter, is ready to use. Both algorithms presented similar results with reflection coefficient smaller than 10.7% for regular waves in the frequency range of 0.5 to 2.0 Hz. The paper also presents the first results obtained in the tank.
Occupational attitudes and expectations of year 12 students in single- sex and coeducational schools : a focus on female youth (2000)

Two hundred and forty Year 12 students participated in a study designed to explore the occupational attitudes and expectations of male and female students and to assess whether occupational stereotyping is still prevalent in Australian high schools. In order to examine how they type of school system influences career perceptions and aspirations, three different types of high schools were included in the study: a coeducational private school, a coeducational public school, and an all-female private school. The results indicated that: the type of school female students attend does not influence their career- related attitudes and expectations; both males and females have shifted away from traditional career attitudes; and the extent of occupational stereotyping of occupations by both genders has been greatly reduced. Reasons for these results are discussed.
Fatty Acids and Immune Function: Relevance to Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (2009)

Fatty acids may influence immune function through a variety of mechanisms; many of these are associated with changes in fatty acid composition of immune cell membranes. Eicosanoids produced from arachidonic acid have roles in inflammation and immunity. Increased membrane content of n-3 fatty acids results in a changed pattern of production of eicosanoids, resolvins, and cytokines. Changing the fatty acid composition of immune cells also affects T cell reactivity and antigen presentation. Little attention has been paid to the influence of fatty acids on the gut-associated lymphoid tissue. However, there has been considerable interest in fatty acids and gut inflammation.
Climbing Jacob's ladder (2015)

Protein design enables the stabilization of a transient molecular state [Also see Report by Pearson et al. ]
Isokibdelones:  Novel Heterocyclic Polyketides from a Kibdelosporangium sp. (2006)

[Structure: see text] The isokibdelones are an unprecedented family of polyketides produced by an Australian isolate of a rare actinomycete, Kibdelosporangium sp. The structures of the isokibdelones were assigned by spectroscopic analysis and chemical interconversion. A proposed biosynthesis requires a novel molecular twist that generates an unprecedented heterocyclic system and differentiates the isokibdelones from their kibdelone co-metabolites. SAR analysis on the isokibdelones further defines the anticancer pharmacophore of these novel polyketides.
A phantom to assess the accuracy of tumor delineation using MRSI (2008)

A phantom to assess the accuracy of tumor delineation using MRSIBackground. Studies have demonstrated that magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) can detect regions of abnormal activity (tumor) that would not have been covered using conventional imaging and contouring methods. With increased interest in MRSI it is important that its accuracy in tumor delineation be investigated. While some effort has been made to design phantoms to examine the performance of MRSI sequences, most phantoms rely on using traditional glass or acrylic as the phantom building material.Material and methods. In this work, a gel-based detail phantom has been developed to assess the ability of the spectroscopic imaging sequences to accurately represent the geometry of tumors. The gel-based phantom is used as an alternative to conventional acrylic or glass based phantoms for use with MRSI.Results. Gel-based phantoms have the advantage of having a magnetic susceptibility close to that of water. In addition, we demonstrate the benefits of having no finite wall thickness separating phantom compartments. The utility of the phantom was illustrated in comparisons between different MRSI sequences of the same nominal resolution as well as different filtering parameters.Conclusions. Due to their ease of construction and the reduced artifacts, gel phantoms are a
Effects of methylaluminoxane immobilization on silica on the performance of zirconocene catalysts in propylene polymerization (2005)

Abstract Investigation of the characteristics and performance in propylene polymerization of silica‐immobilized methylaluminoxane (MAO), in combination with a moderately and a highly isospecific zirconocene catalyst, has revealed that a simple impregnation of silica with MAO at ambient temperature is insufficient to obtain uniform distribution of MAO throughout the support particle. Homogeneous Al distribution throughout the support, giving increased catalyst activity, was achieved by a more rigorous impregnation of silica with MAO at elevated temperatures. The highest catalyst activities were obtained by precontacting the MAO with the zirconocene to generate the activated species before immobilization on silica. Polymer particle morphology was strongly dependent on the characteristics of the silica used for catalyst immobilization. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 2734‐2748, 2005
N-glycosylation of HIV-gp120 may constrain recognition by T lymphocytes (1991)

The HIV envelope protein gp120 is heavily glycosylated, having 55% of its molecular mass contributed by N-linked carbohydrates. We investigated the role of N-glycosylation in presentation of HIV-gp120 to T cells. T cell clones obtained from humans immunized with a recombinant nonglycosylated form of HIV-gp120 (env 2-3) were studied for their ability to recognize both env 2-3 and glycosylated gp120. We found that 20% of CD4+ T cell clones specific for env 2-3 fail to respond to glycosylated gp120 of the same HIV isolate. Using synthetic peptides, we mapped one of the epitopes recognized by such clones to the sequence 292-300 (NESVAINCT), which contains two asparagines that are glycosylated in the native gp120. These findings suggest that N-linked carbohydrates within an epitope can function as hindering structures that limit Ag recognition by T lymphocytes.
Mid-Span Stall Inception in a Transonic Fan (2020)

Abstract In this paper, steady and unsteady CFD have been used to investigate stall inception for a modern low pressure ratio transonic fan. The computational results are validated against measurement data from a high-speed test facility. CFD validation was approached as a blind test case. The results shows good agreement between the experiments and computations. Stall is triggered by growth of a suction surface separation behind the shock around the mid-span of the rotor blade. As the fan is throttled the separation grows leading to increased blockage in the blade passages. At the point of instability the separation grows further, locally increasing incidence and leading to the formation of a stall cell. It is shown that changes to the tip leakage flow leave the stall inception mechanism unaffected. A computational case with a suction surface slip patch between 25–75% span shows that the reduction in blockage around the mid-span increases the stall margin by 25%. This demonstrates that for cases with mid-span initiated stall it is important to consider the flow away from the tip as well as the flow in the tip region. A redesigned fan is used to illustrate that design changes around the mid-span can be effective to improve flow range. The redesigned fan increases stall margin by 6.7% while maintaining the design point efficiency within 0.1%.
Results of a Government-supported Newborn Hearing Screening Pilot Project in the 17 Cities and Provinces from 2014 to 2018 in Korea (2020)

Depending on the cities and provinces, there were significant differences in the screening rates and referral rates by hospital type and NHS method. For successful early hearing detection and intervention (EHDI) and quality control, it will be necessary to support and manage EHDI according to regional NHS's characteristics and ensure that the whole country conducts EHDI as standard.