gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ETHYL PHENYLACETATE AS THE PROBABLE RESPONSIBLE OF HONEY-LIKE CHARACTER IN AGLIANICO DEL VULTURE WINE (2007)

Aglianico del Vulture wines are typical and promising production of Basilicata Province. Nevertheless, its potential quality is often affected by the presence of a strong honey-like odour. This problem was studied using SPME-GC-MS and SPMEGC- O; ethyl phenylacetate (EPhA), was identified as the main responsible of this olfactory character. This volatile compound is detectable in all wines, but it is particularly abundant in Aglianico wines; its sensory threshold was determined. Moreover, in order to study the relationship between EPhA concentration and wine sensory perception, another sensory test was performed on Aglianico wines affected by different levels of defect: an Attribute Difference Test. EPhA concentrations higher than the detected sensory threshold (about 70 ?g L-1) gave to the wines a strong honey-like character, that seemed to compromise its pleasantness. Further deepening are necessary to study the main variables connected to the formation of this compound in Aglianico, and to suggest possible technological approaches to reduce the problem.
Results OF THE USE OF A MODEL THAT Predicts Individual Student Attrition (2010)

TO INTERVENE WITH THOSE WHO ARE MOST AT RISK. This Article DESCRIBES THE EARLY OUTCOMES OF AN ONGOING PROJECT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA I N. TAMPA THAT INVOLVES USING A LOGISTIC REGRESSION FORMULA DERIVED FROM PREMATRICULATION CHARACTERISTICS TO PREDICT THE RISK OF INDIVIDUAL STUDENT ATTRITION. THE APPROACH WAS FIRST PRESENTED IN THE 83(2) ISSUE OF COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY (MILLER 2007) AND FURTHER DETAILED IN THE. 83(3) ISSUE (MILLER AND HERREID 2008). AFTER RISK OF ATTRITION WAS PREDICTED FOR EACH ENTERING FIRST-TIME-IN-COLLEGE STUDENT, INTERVENTIONS WERE DESIGNED, THE STRATEGIES FOR INTERVENING WITH THOSE AT GREATEST RISK OF ATTRITION WERE DESCRIBED IN THE 84(3) ISSUE (MILLER AND TYREE 2009). A SECOND MODEL, BASED UPON THE STUDENTS WHO ENTERED IN 2007 WAS DESCRIBED IN THE 84(4) ISSUE (HERREID AND MILLER 2009). THE PROJECT DESCRIBED IN THE 85(1) ISSUE OF CU Kuh and Pace 1998). It is often used in conjunction with its predecessor instrument, the College Student Experiences Questionnaire (cseq) to compare the expectations of students with their real college-going experiences. What students expect of the college experience may be of value in gaining understanding of their chances of success (Miller 2005), and it is on that premise that this project is partially based. A data set was created with CSXQ survey results for the approximately 900 students who entered usf in fall 2006, and provided personally identifying information (the student identification number). This process allowed the researchers to supplement the CSXQ^data with demographic information, academic performance data, standardized test scores, and other data collected by the University and of potential worth in differentiating between dropouts and persisters. Logistic regression was used to determine which factors in the data set were of predictive value regarding risk of attrition of individual students. The logistic regression utility is the appropriate methodology when varying types of variables are used to predict a dichotomous one (persister versus dropout). …
SUBSTITUTED 1,10-PHENANTHROLINES. VI. CHLORO DERIVATIVES1 (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSUBSTITUTED 1,10-PHENANTHROLINES. VI. CHLORO DERIVATIVES1FRANCIS H. CASE, SIGMUND CATINO, and FRANK SCHOLNICKCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1954, 19, 1, 31–36Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01366a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01366a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views309Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Three-dimensional ray-trace model for predicting the performance of flashlamp-pumped laser amplifiers</title> (1997)

We have developed a fully 3D model for the performance of flashlamp pumped laser amplifiers. The model uses a reverse ray-trace technique to calculate the pumping of the laser glass by the flashlamp radiation. We have discovered several different methods by which we can speed up the calculation of the gain profile in a amplifier. The model predicts the energy-storage performance of the Beamlet amplifiers to better than 5%. This model will be used in the optimization of the National Ignition Facility amplifier design.
The experience of itch in children with psoriasis: A qualitative exploration of the Itch Numeric Rating Scale (2020)

This qualitative study supports the content validity of the Itch NRS for use in a pediatric psoriasis population aged 8-17. Given the established importance of itch to pediatric psoriasis patients, future research exploring the impact of itch on the lives of pediatric psoriasis patients may provide a valuable contribution to the field.
Histamine-induced biphasic activation of RhoA allows for persistent RhoA signaling (2020)

The small GTPase RhoA is a central signaling enzyme that is involved in various cellular processes such as cytoskeletal dynamics, transcription, and cell cycle progression. Many signal transduction pathways activate RhoA-for instance, Gαq-coupled Histamine 1 Receptor signaling via Gαq-dependent activation of RhoGEFs such as p63. Although multiple upstream regulators of RhoA have been identified, the temporal regulation of RhoA and the coordination of different upstream components in its regulation have not been well characterized. In this study, live-cell measurement of RhoA activation revealed a biphasic increase of RhoA activity upon histamine stimulation. We showed that the first and second phase of RhoA activity are dependent on p63 and Ca2+/PKC, respectively, and further identified phosphorylation of serine 240 on p115 RhoGEF by PKC to be the mechanistic link between PKC and RhoA. Combined approaches of computational modeling and quantitative measurement revealed that the second phase of RhoA activation is insensitive to rapid turning off of the receptor and is required for maintaining RhoA-mediated transcription after the termination of the receptor signaling. Thus, two divergent pathways enable both rapid activation and persistent signaling in receptor-mediated RhoA signaling via intricate temporal regulation.
Optimal Vehicle Dimensioning for Multi-Class Autonomous Electric\n Mobility On-Demand Systems (2018)

Autonomous electric mobility on demand (AEMoD) has recently emerged as a\ncyber-physical system aiming to bring automation, electrification, and\non-demand services for the future private transportation market. The expected\nmassive demand for such services and its resulting insufficient charging\ntime/resources prohibit the use of centralized management and full vehicle\ncharging. A fog-based multi-class solution for these challenges was recently\nsuggested, by enabling per-zone management and partial charging for different\nclasses of AEMoD vehicles. This paper focuses on finding the optimal vehicle\ndimensioning for each zone of these systems in order to guarantee a bounded\nresponse time of its vehicles. Using a queuing model representing the\nmulti-class charging and dispatching processes, we first derive the stability\nconditions and the number of system classes to guarantee the response time\nbound. Decisions on the proportions of each class vehicles to partially/fully\ncharge, or directly serve customers are then optimized so as to minimize the\nvehicles in-flow to any given zone. Excess waiting times of customers in rare\ncritical events, such as limited charging resources and/or limited vehicles\navailabilities, are also investigated. Results show the merits of our proposed\nmodel compared to other schemes and in usual and critical scenarios.\n
Mizoroki–Heck Cyclizations of Amide Derivatives for the Introduction of Quaternary Centers (2017)

Abstract We report non‐decarbonylative Mizoroki–Heck reactions of amide derivatives. The transformation relies on the use of nickel catalysis and proceeds using sterically hindered tri‐ and tetrasubstituted olefins to give products containing quaternary centers. The resulting polycyclic or spirocyclic products can be obtained in good yields. Moreover, a diastereoselective variant of this method gives access to an adduct bearing vicinal, highly substituted sp 3 stereocenters. These results demonstrate that amide derivatives can be used as building blocks for the assembly of complex scaffolds.
Deciphering the Source of Primary Biological Aerosol Particles: A Pollen Case Study (2021)

Primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs) are microscopic solids suspended in the atmosphere emitted by biological systems and play critical roles in the atmosphere and the atmosphere–biosphere system, impacting human health, climate, and the ecosystem function. Understanding the sources of PBAPs is necessary to decipher the mechanistic interactions between aerosols, climate, and other ecosystem components. However, the detection of specific PBAPs in complex ambient aerosol samples is challenging. We performed metabolomics analyses of pollen from three pollinating tree species and ambient samples collected during the peak pollination period of each species. Random Forest and sPLS-DA machine learning methods were employed to evaluate whether metabolic signatures of ambient samples can reveal the source of the main pollen particles present in the atmosphere. Our results suggest that atmospheric ecometabolomics techniques combined with sophisticated statistical methods can decipher the origin of abundant PBAPs from complex ambient samples. Developing complete libraries containing high-resolution metabolomic fingerprints of the major PBAPs present in the atmosphere would significantly advance future research to accurately understand the role of PBAPs in the atmosphere, ecosystems, and human health.
Pathology Review of Thin Melanoma and Melanoma in Situ in a Multidisciplinary Melanoma Clinic: Impact on Treatment Decisions (2009)

Our data suggest that review of thin melanoma or MIS by an expert dermatopathologist results in frequent, clinically meaningful alterations in diagnosis, staging, prognosis, and surgical treatment. Referral of these patients to a multidisciplinary melanoma clinic is appropriate, and management of such patients should include review of the biopsy whenever feasible.
Ceramic-on-Ceramic Bearings in Total Hip Arthroplasty (2002)

The ideal bearing surface for total hip arthroplasty still is being sought. This bearing would be durable, cost-effective, easy to implant, inert, and produce minimal wear debris. Ceramic-on-ceramic bearings have continued to evolve and have enjoyed success in many European centers throughout the past 3 decades. A limited number of early reports from the United States discouraged widespread acceptance and use of ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasty. Once critically analyzed most of the failures from the early reports are attributable to design and material specific flaws. Vast improvements have been made in ceramic manufacturing leading to even more superior wear characteristics and higher burst strengths. The case for alumina-on-alumina ceramic bearings is becoming stronger as data accumulate clinically and in vitro. In a multicenter, prospective and randomized study, an alumina-on-alumina ceramic bearing is compared with a cobalt chrome-on-polyethylene bearing. After as many as 48 months there has been no significant difference in clinical performance between the two study groups. No ceramic head fracture or ceramic bearing failure has occurred. Therefore, this new alumina-on-alumina ceramic bearing is a safe option for total hip arthroplasty and may provide a more durable prosthesis especially in young and active patients.
Calcium- and sodium-activated potassium channels (K<sub>Ca</sub>, K<sub>Na</sub>) in GtoPdb v.2023.1 (2023)

Calcium- and sodium- activated potassium channels are members of the 6TM family of K channels which comprises the voltage-gated KV subfamilies, including the KCNQ subfamily, the EAG subfamily (which includes hERG channels), the Ca2+-activated Slo subfamily (actually with 6 or 7TM) and the Ca2+- and Na+-activated SK subfamily (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Calcium- and sodium-activated potassium channels [126]). As for the 2TM family, the pore-forming a subunits form tetramers and heteromeric channels may be formed within subfamilies (e.g. KV1.1 with KV1.2; KCNQ2 with KCNQ3).
GM-CSF Administration Improves Defects in Innate Immunity and Sepsis Survival in Obese Diabetic Mice (2018)

Sepsis is the leading cause of death in the intensive care unit with an overall mortality rate of 20%. Individuals who are obese and have type 2 diabetes have increased recurrent, chronic, nosocomial infections that worsen the long-term morbidity and mortality from sepsis. Additionally, animal models of sepsis have shown that obese, diabetic mice have lower survival rates compared with nondiabetic mice. Neutrophils are essential for eradication of bacteria, prevention of infectious complications, and sepsis survival. In diabetic states, there is a reduction in neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation; however, few studies have investigated the extent to which these deficits compromise infection eradication and mortality. Using a cecal ligation and puncture model of sepsis in lean and in diet-induced obese mice, we demonstrate that obese diabetic mice have decreased "emergency hematopoiesis" after an acute infection. Additionally, both neutrophils and monocytes in obese, diabetic mice have functional defects, with decreased phagocytic ability and a decreased capacity to generate ROS. Neutrophils isolated from obese diabetic mice have decreased transcripts of <i>Axl</i> and <i>Mertk</i>, which partially explains the phagocytic dysfunction. Furthermore, we found that exogenous GM-CSF administration improves sepsis survival through enhanced neutrophil and monocytes phagocytosis and ROS generation abilities in obese, diabetic mice with sepsis.
Stereospecificity of the Reaction Catalyzed by Enoyl-CoA Hydratase (2000)

Enoyl-CoA hydratase catalyzes the stereospecific hydration of α,β-unsaturated acyl-CoA thiolesters. Hydration of trans-2-crotonyl-CoA to 3(S)-hydroxybutyryl-CoA proceeds via the syn addition of water and thus the pro-2R proton of 3(S)-hydroxybutyryl-CoA is derived from solvent. Incubation of 3(S)-hydroxybutyryl-CoA with enzyme in D2O results in the slow exchange of the pro-2S proton with solvent deuterium, in addition to the anticipated rapid exchange of the pro-2R proton. Further experiments have shown that the exchange of the pro-2S proton occurs in concert with the formation of the incorrect 3(R)-hydroxybutyryl-CoA enantiomer. The rate of 3(R)-hydroxybutyryl-CoA formation is 4 × 105-fold slower than the normal hydration reaction, but at least 1.6 × 106-fold faster than the non-enzyme-catalyzed reaction. This has allowed us to determine that the absolute stereospecificity for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction is 1 in 4 × 105. The initial formation of 3(R)-hydroxybutyryl-CoA is hypothesized to occur via the incorrect hydration of trans-2-crotonyl-CoA. Once formed, the 3(R)-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrates to give cis-2-crotonyl-CoA. While the equilibrium constant for the hydration of trans-2-crotonyl-CoA to 3(S)-hydroxybutyryl-CoA is 7.5, the equilibrium constant for the hydration of cis-2-crotonyl-CoA to 3(R)-hydroxybutyryl-CoA is estimated to be ∼1000. To validate this reaction scheme, cis-2-crotonyl-CoA has been synthesized and characterized. These studies demonstrate that the enzyme is capable of catalyzing the epimerization of hydroxybutyryl-CoA.
Mask optimization for arbitrary patterns with 2D-TCC resolution enhancement technique (2008)

In this paper, a new resolution enhancement technique named 2D-TCC technique is proposed. This method can enhance resolution of line patterns as well as that of contact hole patterns by the use of an approximate aerial image. The aerial image, which is obtained by 2D-TCC calculation, expresses the degree of coherence at the image plane of a projection optic considering mask transmission at the object plane. OPC of desired patterns and placement of assist patterns can be simultaneously performed according to an approximate aerial image called a 2D-TCC map. Fast calculation due to truncation of a series in calculating an aerial image is another advantage. Results of mask optimization for various line patterns and the validity of the 2D-TCC technique by simulations and experiments are reported.
P4–142: Characterization and mapping of iron compounds in a huntington's disease transgenic mouse model (2006)

Abnormal accumulations of metals, protein aggregation, and oxidative stress are uniting features in neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer's (AD), Huntington's (HD) and Parkinson's (PD) diseases. At present, little is understood about the mechanisms behind these abnormalities and the role of metals in HD pathogenesis remains a mystery. Here we describe a novel method for the detection and identification of anomalous iron compounds and related metals in mammalian brain tissue using x–ray fluorescence (XRF) methods. The potential for high–resolution iron mapping using microfocused x–ray beams has direct application to investigations of the location and structural form of metal compounds associated with human neurodegenerative disorders – a problem which has vexed researchers for 50 years. (i) To develop techniques for investigating iron in brain tissue using synchrotron x–ray fluorescence methods; (ii) to characterize iron compounds in situ allowing for direct correlation with the disease pathology at cellular resolution; (iii) to use immunohistochemistry to evaluate regional changes in tissue. Synchrotron x–ray analysis, light and transmission electron microscopy were employed to examine brain tissue of transgenic model of HD and control animals. The synchrotron findings were supported by a SQUID magnetometry study. Using the XRF we have shown the iron oxide deposits in the basal ganglia of the HD transgenic mice. A variety of iron oxides were found to be present, including normal ferritin iron, and some deposits of magnetite which contain both Fe3+ and Fe2+, a finding that has not been reported previously in the literature. The presence of magnetite was supported by the SQUID magnetometry data. An increasing microglial reaction which paralleled the iron accumulation in R6/2 brain tissue was found in some samples, though neither neuronal death nor atrophy was observed. Together, these observations provide a preliminary indication that alterations in iron deposition occur prior to pronounced neuronal cell death in the model of HD. In view of the neuronal damage caused by iron–catalyzed free radical formation, these alterations are likely to contribute to the vulnerability of striatal neurons. Therefore, early–onset iron deposition may be relevant to the pathogenesis of the disease.
ChemInform Abstract: REGIOSPECIFIC ONE‐STEP ANNULATIONS VIA QUINONE MONOACETALS (1981)

Abstract Der Homophthalsäureester (I) reagiert mit p‐Chinonmonoacetal (II) zum Tricyclus (III).
<title>Full-aperture interferometric test of convex secondary mirrors using holographic test plates</title> (1994)

Convex secondary mirrors are notoriously difficult to fabricate because of the tremendous cost and difficulty of making accurate measurements of the optical surfaces. The new 6.5- and 8-m-class telescopes require secondary mirrors that are larger, more aspheric, and more accurately figured than those for existing telescopes. The challenge of measuring these giant optics has spurred the development of a new measurement technique using holographic test plates. This test uses a full-aperture test plate with a computer-generated hologram fabricated onto the spherical reference surface. When supported a few millimeters from the secondary and properly illuminated with laser light, an interference pattern is formed that shows the secondary surface errors. The hologram consists of annular rings of metal drawn onto the curved test plate surface using a custom-built writing machine. The accuracy of the surface measurement using this technique is expected to be 35 nm P-V and 6 nm rms for a 1.65-m secondary mirror for the MMT. Considerably higher accuracy is expected for less aspheric surfaces.
Synergy of Inorganic Fillers in Composite Thermoplastic Polymer/Ionic Liquid/LiTFSI Electrolytes (2020)

The development of novel solid electrolytes, which can be processed using solvent-free methods, is one of the keys for successful industrialization of solid state batteries and their further implementation in electrical vehicles. Here, we study thermoplastic solid state electrolytes based on polyethylene oxide (PEO), 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (PYR 14 TFSI), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) and two inorganic fillers with different morphology and nature (modified sepiolite (TPGS-S) and garnet-type Li 7 La 3 Zr 1.75 Nb 0.25 O 12 (LLZNO) prepared by solvent free extrusion method. Several thermoplastic polymer electrolytes (TPEs) are prepared and comprehensively studied. Composite thermoplastic electrolyte TPE-S10G10 containing 10 wt% of TPGS-S and 10 wt% of LLZNO fillers shows the best electrochemical performance in Li-LiFePO 4 solid state batteries operating under 0.2C/0.5D cycling conditions at 60 °C. Solid state cell with TPE-S10G10 electrolyte retains 80% of initial discharge capacity after 540 cycles. Thus, a synergetic effect of using two different fillers, which can be exploited during the development of TPEs, is clearly demonstrated.