gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A newly generated functional antibody identifies Tn antigen as a novel determinant in the cancer cell-lymphatic endothelium interaction (2009)

Malignant transformation of epithelial cells is frequently associated with the alteration of glycosylation pathways. Tn is a common tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen present in 90% of human carcinomas and its expression correlates with metastatic potential and poor prognosis. Despite its relevance, the functional role of Tn in tumor biology has not been firmly established probably for the lack of appropriate experimental tools. Our aims were to produce highly reactive monoclonal antibodies against Tn making use of synthetically produced Tn and to test their usefulness for in vivo imaging as well as to define their potential functional activity in tumor cell spread. We immunized mice with Tn clustered on cationized BSA and screened the positive hybridomas with Tn-biotinylated alginate. Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay and immunofluorescence assays revealed that the most reactive anti-Tn IgM mAb (2154F12A4) selectively recognized Tn on the MCF7 breast cancer cell line since its binding to the cell membrane was completely abolished by preincubation with purified Tn. Importantly, QDot 800-conjugated mAb injected in MCF7-tumor bearing mice specifically bound to primary tumor lesions as well as to metastases in lymph nodes. In addition, this mAb was able to inhibit cancer cell adhesion to lymphatic endothelium suggesting a novel involvement of Tn in the lymphatic dissemination of cancer cells and hypothesizing future applications in inhibiting lymphatic metastases.
High performance single frequency fiber grating-based erbium/ytterbium-codoped fiber lasers (1998)

The device characteristics of Er/sup 3+/,Yb/sup 3+/ single frequency fiber lasers are reported. A 5-cm long 1550-nm distributed feedback fiber laser with 4 mW output power is shown to have excellent specifications in terms of optical linewidth, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), relative intensity noise, side-mode suppression and polarization purity. For higher power applications, a 1.5 cm single frequency Er/sup 3+/,Yb/sup 3+/ grating-based fiber laser with 60 mW output power and a net efficiency of 12% is demonstrated.
FMN-Coated Fluorescent USPIO for Cell Labeling and Non-Invasive MR Imaging in Tissue Engineering (2014)

Non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is gaining significant attention in the field of tissue engineering, since it can provide valuable information on in vitro production parameters and in vivo performance. It can e.g. be used to monitor the morphology, location and function of the regenerated tissue, the integrity, remodeling and resorption of the scaffold, and the fate of the implanted cells. Since cells are not visible using conventional MR techniques, ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles are routinely employed to label and monitor the cells embedded in tissue-engineered implants. We here set out to optimize cell labeling procedures with regard to labeling efficiency, biocompatibility and in vitro validation during bioreactor cultivation, using flavin mononucleotide (FMN)-coated fluorescent USPIO (FLUSPIO). Efficient FLUSPIO uptake is demonstrated in three different cell lines, applying relatively short incubation times and low labeling concentrations. FLUSPIO-labeled cells were successfully employed to visualize collagen scaffolds and tissue-engineered vascular grafts. Besides promoting safe and efficient cell uptake, an exquisite property of the non-polymeric FMN-coating is that it renders the USPIO fluorescent, providing a means for in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo validation via fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence reflectance imaging (FRI). FLUSPIO cell labeling is consequently considered to be a suitable tool for theranostic tissue engineering purposes.
Robust Oncolytic Virotherapy Induces Tumor Lysis Syndrome and Associated Toxicities in the MPC-11 Plasmacytoma Model (2016)

Tumor-selective oncolytic vesicular stomatitis viruses (VSVs) are being evaluated in clinical trials. Here, we report that the MPC-11 murine plasmacytoma model is so extraordinarily susceptible to oncolytic VSVs that a low dose of virus leads to extensive intratumoral viral replication, sustained viremia, intravascular coagulation, and a rapidly fatal tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). Rapid softening, shrinkage and hemorrhagic necrosis of flank tumors was noted within 1-2 days after virus administration, leading to hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, hyperuricemia, increase in plasma cell free DNA, lymphopenia, consumptive coagulopathy, increase in fibrinogen degradation products, decreased liver function tests, dehydration, weight loss, and euthanasia or death after 5-8 days. Secondary viremia was observed but viral replication in normal host tissues was not detected. Toxicity could be mitigated by using VSVs with slowed replication kinetics, and was less marked in animals with smaller flank tumors. The MPC-11 tumor represents an interesting model to further study the complex interplay of robust intratumoral viral replication, tumor lysis, and associated toxicities in cases where tumors are highly responsive to oncolytic virotherapy.
Why PBD systems fail: Lessons learned for usable AI (2008)

Programming by demonstration systems have long attempted to make it possible for people to program computers without writing code. These systems typically employ artificial intelligence techniques to learn from user behavior in order to predict their future behavior. However, while these systems have resulted in many publications in AI venues, none of the technologies have yet achieved widespread adoption. Usability remains a critical barrier to their success. Based on lessons learned from three different programming by demonstration systems, we present a a set of guidelines to consider when designing usable AI-based systems.
Mechanistic aspects of gas-phase photodecarbonylation reactions of bicyclo[3.1.0]hexanones (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanistic aspects of gas-phase photodecarbonylation reactions of bicyclo[3.1.0]hexanonesPatrick S. Mariano, Elliott Bay, Darrell G. Watson, Timothy Rose, and Christopher BrackenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 10, 1753–1762Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01298a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01298a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views289Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nuclear alpha-synuclein is present in the human brain and is modified in dementia with Lewy bodies (2021)

Abstract Dementia with Lewy bodies is pathologically defined by the cytoplasmic accumulation of alpha-synuclein within neuronal cells in the brain. Alpha-synuclein is predominately pre-synaptic, but has been reported present in various subcellular compartments in cell and animal models. In particular, nuclear alpha-synuclein is evident in-vitro and in disease models and has been associated with altered DNA integrity, gene transcription, nuclear homeostasis. However, owing to various factors, the presence of alpha-synuclein in the nuclei of human brain cells remains controversial, as does its role in synucleinopathies. Here, we close this gap and provide a unique demonstration confirming the presence of nuclear alpha-synuclein in post-mortem brain tissue obtained from cases of dementia with Lewy bodies as well as from controls via immunohistochemistry, immunoblot, and label-free mass-spectrometry. Discrete intra-nuclear alpha-synuclein puncta reactive against phosphorylated serine 129-alpha-synuclein and pan-alpha-synuclein antibodies were observed in cortical neurons and non-neuronal cells in fixed brain sections and in isolated nuclear preparations from Dementia with Lewy bodies cases and matched controls. Subsequent biochemical analysis of subcellular fractionated tissue confirmed alpha-synuclein as present in a nuclear fraction at levels ~ 10-fold lower than in the cytoplasm. Critically, however, an increase in monomeric nuclear alpha-synuclein phosphorylated as serine 129 was observed in cases of dementia with Lewy bodies alongside higher molecular weight pan- and phosphorylation reactive alpha-synuclein species, consistent with the formation of intranuclear phosphorylated alpha-synuclein oligomers. Furthermore, the presence of nuclear alpha-synuclein was confirmed via label free mass spectrometry, as 6 unique alpha-synuclein derived peptide sequences were identified in nuclear fractions (71.4% sequence coverage). Collectively, our data confirm the presence of nuclear alpha-synuclein in human brain tissue and describe nuclear pathology associated with dementia with Lewy bodies. These findings address a major controversy in the synucleinopathy field by confirming the presence of nuclear alpha-synuclein in autoptic human brain tissue and, for the first time, identify that alpha-synuclein is aggregated into novel and potentially pathological assemblies in the nucleus as part of the disease process associated with dementia with Lewy bodies and thus may contribute to the disease phenotype.
Fabrication of ultrathin L1-FePt based exchange coupled composite media (2012)

Ultrathin exchange coupled composite (ECC) FePt granular recording media with different soft layer anisotropy were fabricated by controlling the soft layer deposition temperature. As the soft layer (FePt-SiO2) deposition temperature (TSoft) increased, the overall FePt (001) texture of ECC FePt thin films was improved, while the saturation magnetization (Ms) and the thermal stability factor were also increased. The effect of soft layer anisotropy field on the coercivity (Hc) and the remanent coercivity (Hcr) of ECC FePt thin films showed a “V” shape relationship, with the minimums at TSoft of 200 °C. These results are consistent with the theoretic predication based on domain wall assisted magnetization reversal mechanism. The ECC FePt thin film with TSoft of 200 °C may have a gain factor larger than 2.
Binding of transcription factors and creation of a large nucleoprotein complex on the human cytomegalovirus enhancer. (1987)

The effect of the human cytomegalovirus immediate early region 1 enhancer on transcription was studied in vitro with HeLa cell nuclear extract. Stimulation of in vitro transcription mediated by the enhancer element involves its recognition by specific trans-acting factors present in the nuclear extract. DNase I protection analysis was used to determine at the nucleotide level those enhancer sequences that interact with nuclear factors. At least nine sites of protein-DNA interaction were detected over approximately 400 base pairs of enhancer sequence. The regions of nuclease protection are associated with 21-, 19-, 18-, and 17-base-pair repeat elements as well as with a unique sequence, creating a large nucleoprotein complex. The relationship between the protein binding and the activity of the immediate early region 1 enhancer is discussed.
2- versus 4-Hour Evening Phototherapy of Seasonal Affective Disorder (1990)

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) has been successfully treated with bright light, and morning exposure has been deemed more effective than exposure at other times. Evening treatment may offer a practical advantage, but the optimal duration of exposure has not been established. Six SAD patients were treated at home for 1 week with 2500 lux of light given either from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. or from 6 p.m. to 10 p.m. using a counterbalanced crossover design with a minimal withdrawal period of 1 week between conditions. Both treatments were effective in reversing SAD symptoms, but neither treatment was superior. These results suggest that evening phototherapy for as little as 2 hours may be a useful and reasonable alternative for the treatment of SAD.
ChemInform Abstract: STERISCH KONTROLLIERTE SYNTH. OPTISCH AKTIVER ORGANISCHER VERBINDUNGEN 15. MITT. SYNTH. OPTISCH AKTIVER ASPARAGINSAEUREN UEBER DAS BETA‐LACTAM (1973)

Abstract Die Amine (I) reagieren mit Chloracetonitril (II) über die Cyanmethyl‐amine (III) zu den Acetyl‐Verbindungen (IV), die mit Basen die β‐Lactame (V) ergeben.
Study on sound source localization inside a structure using a domain transfer model for real-world adaption of a trained model (2023)

Sound source localization (SSL) is important to reduce noise of products such as machinery and electrical appliances. Currently, SSL methods have been proposed that use the correlation of time-frequency signals of sound waves observed by multiple microphones. However, the application of these SSL methods are limited to the case where the acoustic signals can be directly observed. In the case of estimating the location of a sound source inside a structure from outside the structure, these methods are not applicable because the acoustic signal is observed as indirect sound. An SSL method using deep neural network (DNN) and computer-aided engineering (CAE) was proposed to estimate sound sources inside structures. This method successfully estimates the location of sound sources inside a structure from signals observed by accelerometers installed on the outer surface of the structure in both CAE and real domains. Nevertheless, the proposed method still has the challenge of adapting DNNs trained in CAE domain to real domain. In this research, deep convolution auto-encoder (DCAE) was used as a domain transformation model built from CAE and actual experimental data. DCAE contributed to the improvement of the SSL performance of the trained DNN over the baseline.
α-Organoelement Nitrones:  Synthesis, Properties, and IR and 13C NMR Spectral and X-ray Structural Characterization (2007)

α-Organoelement-substituted nitrones have been synthesized for the first time through the reaction of the α-lithiated cyclic aldonitrones of 3-imidazoline 3-oxide, pyrroline 1-oxide, 2H-imidazole 1-oxide, and 3,4-dihydroisoquinoline 2-oxide series with electrophilic reagents such as HgCl2, (CH3)3SiCl, (C2H5)3GeCl, (n-C4H9)3SnBr, Ph2P(O)Cl, Ph2PCl, PhSSPh, PhSeSePh, TsCl, and TsF. Aldonitrones of the 3-imidazoline 3-oxide and pyrroline 1-oxide series were shown to readily afford the products of the lithiation−electrophilic substitution reaction. In contrast, aldonitrones of the 2H-imidazole 1-oxide and 3,4-dihydroisoquinoline 2-oxide series react smoothly only with halogen-free electrophiles. It was found that an aldonitrone group could be lithiated and selectively reacted with electrophiles even when kinetically more acidic methylene and amino groups are present in the molecule. Characteristic features of IR and 13C NMR spectra of the compounds synthesized are discussed. Selected α-organoelement nitrones are characterized by an X-ray diffraction study.
Quantum Computers Can Search Rapidly by Using Almost Any Transformation (1998)

A quantum computer has a clear advantage over a classical computer for exhaustive search. The quantum mechanical algorithm for exhaustive search was originally derived by using subtle properties of a particular quantum mechanical operation called the Walsh-Hadamard (W-H) transform. This paper shows that this algorithm can be implemented by replacing the W-H transform by almost any quantum mechanical operation. This leads to several new applications where it improves the number of steps by a square root. It also broadens the scope for implementation since it demonstrates quantum mechanical algorithms that can adapt to available technology.
Cloning and analysis of 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl-4-diphosphate reductase genes HsHDR1 and HsHDR2 in Huperzia serrate (2015)

We cloned and analyzed the two genes of the 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl-4-diphosphate reductase (HDR) gene family from Huperzia serrate. The two transcripts coding HDR, named HsHDR1 and HsHDR2, were discovered in the transcriptome dataset of H. serrate and were cloned by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The physicochemical properties, protein domains, protein secondary structure, and 3D structure of the putative HsHDR1 and HsHDR2 proteins were analyzed. The full-length cDNA of the HsHDR1 gene contained 1431 bp encoding a putative protein with 476 amino acids, whereas the HsHDR2 gene contained 1428 bp encoding a putative protein of 475 amino acids. These two proteins contained the conserved domain of 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl-4-diphosphate reductase (PF02401), but without the transmembrane region and signal peptide. The most abundant expression of HsHDR1 and HsHDR2 was detected in H. serrate roots, followed by the stems and leaves. Our results provide a foundation for exploring the function of HsHDR1 and HsHDR2 in terpenoid and sterol biosynthesis in Huperziaceae plants.
Chip scale package versus direct chip attach (CSP vs. DCA) (2002)

When a systems designer is making choices related to what type of packaging is going to be used with the various integrated circuits used on the boards he now has the choice between Chip Scale packaging (CSP) or Direct Chip Attach (DCA). The technologies related to Chip Scale packaging have taken off at an astronomical rate during the last two years. More and more die product is becoming available in the chip size-packaging format. The CSP products have numerous success stories to champion their usage by the systems designer. On the other side of the packaging spectrum, the bare die has been available for systems designers for quite some time in the flip chip and wire bondable formats. The usage of bare die has had a slow and steady increase in popularity as new technologies emerge related to the testing of ICs, materials, and interconnection of the IC to the board or MCM. The systems designer finds himself looking at the relative virtues and vices of CSP vs DCA. This paper is not about picking which packaging technology is the best, or which one will grow in volume the most over the next 10 years, but rather what sorts of developments we are presently seeing in the packaging industry that will keep the choice of CSP vs DCA at the center of the debate.
MCSCF-DFT based on an interacting reference system (2005)

We present the MCSCF version of density functional theory. Two sets of equations, which correspond to the CI and orbital relaxation respectively, are derived. An important feature is that the correlation potential of DFT for CI wavefunction and that for orbitals are different to each other. These relations ensure that a density yielded by a effective MCSCF solution also satisfies the Euler equation of DFT
MEMS technology for timing and frequency control (2007)

An overview on the use of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technologies for timing and frequency control is presented. In particular, micromechanical RF filters and reference oscillators based on recently demonstrated vibrating on-chip micromechanical resonators with Q's > 10,000 at 1.5 GHz are described as an attractive solution to the increasing count of RF components (e.g., filters) expected to be needed by future multiband, multimode wireless devices. With Q's this high in on-chip abundance, such devices might also enable a paradigm shift in the design of timing and frequency control functions, where the advantages of high-Q are emphasized, rather than suppressed (e.g., due to size and cost reasons), resulting in enhanced robustness and power savings. Indeed, as vibrating RF MEMS devices are perceived more as circuit building blocks than as stand-alone devices, and as the frequency processing circuits they enable become larger and more complex, the makings of an integrated micromechanical circuit technology begin to take shape, perhaps with a functional breadth not unlike that of integrated transistor circuits. With even more aggressive three-dimensional MEMS technologies, even higher on-chip Q's are possible, such as already achieved via chip-scale atomic physics packages, which so far have achieved Q's > 10(7) using atomic cells measuring only 10 mm3 in volume and consuming just 5 mW of power, all while still allowing atomic clock Allan deviations down to 10(-11) at one hour.
IN-STENT STENOSIS: PATHOLOGY AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DRUG ELUTING STENTS (2003)

O ver 1.5 million percutaneous coronary revascularisation procedures are performed annually world wide, most being intracoronary stenting. Despite enormous advances in devices, the major limitation is in-stent stenosis (ISS) (reviewed by Bennett and O'Sullivan 1 ). Although ISS rates are 10-20% in selected patients, we now stent total occlusions, saphenous vein bypass grafts, both angioplasty and ISS sites, diabetic patients, and small vessels. Thus, real ISS rates are much higher, up to 59% in some high risk lesions.
Black carbon concentration trends in Helsinki during 1996–2005 (2007)

Abstract. The black carbon (BC) concentration trends were studied during ten years in Helsinki, Finland. Measurements were made in three campaigns between 1996 and 2005 at an urban area locating two kilometres from the centre of Helsinki. The first campaign was from November 1996 to June 1997, the second from September 2000 to May 2001 and the third from March 2004 to October 2005. In this study, only data from winter and spring months was analysed. The effect of traffic and meteorological variables on the measured BC concentrations was studied by means of a multiple regression analysis, where the meteorological data was obtained from a meteorological pre-processing model (MPP-FMI). During the ten years, the campaign median BC concentrations were found to decrease slightly from 1.11 to 1.00 μg m−3. The lowest campaign median concentration (0.93 μg m−3) was measured during the second campaign in 2000–2001, when also the lowest traffic rates were measured. The strongest decrease between campaigns 1 and 3 was observed during weekday daytimes, when the traffic rates are highest. The variables affecting the measured BC concentrations most were traffic, wind speed and mixing height. On weekdays, traffic had clearly the most important influence and on weekends the effect of wind speed diluted the effect of traffic. The affecting variables and their influence on the BC concentration were similar in winter and spring. The separate examination of the three campaigns showed that the effect of traffic on the BC concentrations had decreased during the studied years. This reduction was caused by cleaner emissions from vehicles, since between years 1996 and 2005 the traffic rates had increased. A rough estimate gave that vehicle number-scaled BC mass concentrations have decreased from 0.0028 to 0.0020 μg m−3 between campaigns 1 and 3.