gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
20 YEARS OF LEPTIN: Connecting leptin signaling to biological function (2014)

Hypothalamic leptin action promotes negative energy balance and modulates glucose homeostasis, as well as serving as a permissive signal to the neuroendocrine axes that control growth and reproduction. Since the initial discovery of leptin 20 years ago, we have learned a great deal about the molecular mechanisms of leptin action. An important aspect of this has been the dissection of the cellular mechanisms of leptin signaling, and how specific leptin signals influence physiology. Leptin acts via the long form of the leptin receptor LepRb. LepRb activation and subsequent tyrosine phosphorylation recruits and activates multiple signaling pathways, including STAT transcription factors, SHP2 and ERK signaling, the IRS-protein/PI3Kinase pathway, and SH2B1. Each of these pathways controls specific aspects of leptin action and physiology. Important inhibitory pathways mediated by suppressor of cytokine signaling proteins and protein tyrosine phosphatases also limit physiologic leptin action. This review summarizes the signaling pathways engaged by LepRb and their effects on energy balance, glucose homeostasis, and reproduction. Particular emphasis is given to the multiple mouse models that have been used to elucidate these functions in vivo.
High efficiency power amplification for microwave and millimeter frequencies (2003)

A novel technique for realizing high-efficiency operation of power amplifiers at microwave frequencies is demonstrated. This approach features third-harmonic-peaking Class-F amplifier operation. A novel third-harmonic-peaking circuit using drain-source capacitance in conjunction with a series LC resonant circuit is used to provide maximum power-added efficiency. Simulation data indicate that this amplifier provides an 8% improvement over the conventional Class-B approach at X-band.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Simple, Rapid Sputtering Apparatus (1956)

A simple sputtering apparatus that consistently deposits opaque films of nickel and the noble metals in 3 to 10 min has been made. The chamber is constructed from a standard Pyrex pipe reducer. By use of a large-diameter aluminum rod as the cathode support and a hemispherical aluminum shell as a shield for the pump orifice and base plate, the glow discharge has been confined primarily to the volume between the cathode and the work stand. The efficiency of the coating unit has thereby been increased. Films of nickel, iridium, ruthenium, and osmium formed on glass or quartz substrates were very adherent and were not readily scratched with a steel scribe.
A sketch-based interface for photo pop-up (2009)

We present sketch-based tools for single-view modeling which allow for quick 3D mark-up of a photograph. With our interface, detailed 3D models can be produced quickly and easily. After establishing the background geometry, foreground objects can be cut out using our novel sketch-based segmentation tools. These tools make use of the stroke speed and length to help determine the user's intentions. Depth detail is added to the scene by drawing occlusion edges. Such edges play an important part in human scene understanding, and thus provide an intuitive form of input to the modeling system. Initial results and evaluation show that our methods produce good 3D results in a short amount of time and with little user effort, demonstrating the usefulness of an intelligent sketching interface for this application domain.
Tolfenamic Acid and Ergotamine Abuse (1981)

SYNOPSIS Thirteen migraine patients using ergotamine tartrate on a daily basis for their headaches were found to have developed the so called “ergotamine headache,” a dull constant headache always reappearing if the patient did not take their daily doses. They were treated with tolfenamic acid, an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis and action, combined with chlordiazepoxide during the acute withdrawal phase after discontinuing their daily habit of taking ergotamine. As a whole, the results of the discontinuation of the use of ergotamine were encouraging in the group of these patients showing a serious medical problem. None of the patients relapsed into ergotamine abuse, and during the subsequent 3–6 months nine of the patients also treated their migraine attacks solely with tolfenamic acid.
Exclusive $\rho^0$ production in deep inelastic electron - proton scattering at HERA (1995)

The exclusive production of ϱ 0 mesons in deep inelastic electron-proton scattering has been studied using the ZEUS detector. Cross sections have been measured in the range 7 &lt; Q 2 &lt; 25 GeV 2 for λ ∗ p centre of mass (c.m.) energies 40 to 130 GeV. The λ ∗ p → ϱ 0 p cross section exhibits a Q −(4.2±0.8 −0.5 +1.4 ) dependence and both longitudinally and transversely polarised ϱ 0 's are observed. The λ ∗ p → ϱ 0 p cross section rises strongly with increasing c.m. energy, when compared with NMC data at lower energy, which cannot be explained by production through soft pomeron exchange. The data are compared with perturbative QCD calculations where the rise in the cross section reflects the increase in the gluon density at low x .
Benign copy number changes in clinical cytogenetic diagnostics by array CGH (2008)

A database of apparently benign copy number variants (bCNVs) detected by a Spectral Genomics Inc./PerkinElmer BAC array platform has been maintained through the University of Utah Comparative Genomic Hybridization laboratory since 2005. The target population for this database represents 1,275 patients with abnormal phenotypes, primarily children referred for developmental delay and mental retardation. These bCNVs are independent of any identified copy number abnormality detected. The most common 35 bCNVs observed and their frequencies are reported here, and a subset of ten of the patients studied was evaluated on a new oligonucleotide CNV array set designed by Agilent Technologies. There was a 76% concordance of calls for these 35 bCNVs detected by both array platforms in the same patients. The higher resolution of the Agilent oligonucleotide array compared to the BAC array allowed determination of the precise breakpoints of the observed CNVs, in addition to documentation of additional CNVs of smaller sizes. As expected, observed CNVs and their frequencies were generally consistent with those of other previously published and available databases, including the Database of Genomic Variants (http://projects.tcag.ca/variation/). The availability of these data should assist other clinical laboratories in the evaluation of CNVs of unknown clinical significance.
NMF-based decomposition for anomaly detection applied to vibration analysis (2016)

International audience
An Exergy Based Approach to Noise Prevention in Wind Turbines: Concept and Preliminary Assessment (2012)

Unsustainable human activities and practices are polluting water supplies and emitting to the atmosphere greenhouse gases as well as compounds that erode the earth\'s protective ozone layer. The potential impact on human health and economic costs associated with global warming have motivated scientists and engineers to seek sustainable technologies. One such technology is the wind turbine, which harnesses energy from the wind. However, a significant hindrance preventing the widespread use of wind turbines is the noise they produce. This study examines flow over an object and the consequent noise generation produced by this flow-structure interaction. Flow over a cylinder has been chosen as the benchmark. The aim of this study is to correlate three main characteristic parameters of the system, namely, the generated sound pressure level, the exergy destroyed, and the normal flow velocity). The main motivation for this work is to relate the exergy destruction to the noise generated in the flow to improve understanding and to provide a correlation can be utilized to reduce or minimize the noise of wind turbines.
Combination of Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization with Staining Techniques for Cell Viability and Accumulation of PHA and polyP in Microorganisms in Complex Microbial Systems (2009)

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) can be combined with a number of staining techniques to reveal the relationships between the microorganisms and their function in complex microbial systems with a single-cell resolution. In this chapter, we have focused on staining methods for intracellular storage compounds (polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyphosphate) and a measure for cell viability, reduction of the tetrazolium-based redox stain CTC. These protocols are optimized for the study of microorganisms in waste-water treatment (activated sludge and biofilms), but they may also be used with minor modifications in many other ecosystems.
Identification of novel protein domains required for the expression of an active dehydratase fragment from a polyunsaturated fatty acid synthase (2013)

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are made in some strains of deep-sea bacteria by multidomain proteins that catalyze condensation, ketoreduction, dehydration, and enoyl-reduction. In this work, we have used the Udwary-Merski Algorithm sequence analysis tool to define the boundaries that enclose the dehydratase (DH) domains in a PUFA multienzyme. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of four areas of high structure in a region that was previously thought to contain only two DH domains as defined by FabA-homology. The expression of the protein fragment containing all four protein domains resulted in an active enzyme, while shorter protein fragments were not soluble. The tetradomain fragment was capable of catalyzing the conversion of crotonyl-CoA to β-hydroxybutyryl-CoA efficiently, as shown by UV absorbance change as well as by chromatographic retention of reaction products. Sequence alignments showed that the two novel domains contain as much sequence conservation as the FabA-homology domains, suggesting that they too may play a functional role in the overall reaction. Structure predictions revealed that all domains belong to the hotdog protein family: two of them contain the active site His70 residue present in FabA-like DHs, while the remaining two do not. Replacing the active site His residues in both FabA domains for Ala abolished the activity of the tetradomain fragment, indicating that the DH activity is contained within the FabA-homology regions. Taken together, these results provide a first glimpse into a rare arrangement of DH domains which constitute a defining feature of the PUFA synthases.
Urokinase-plasminogen activator, a new and independent prognostic marker in breast cancer. (1990)

Urokinase plasminogen activator (UK-PA) is a serine protease implicated in cancer invasion and metastasis. In this investigation, patients with breast cancers containing high levels of UK-PA antigen had significantly higher risk of early disease recurrence and shorter overall survival than did patients with low levels of the protein. In univariate analysis, UK-PA was a more powerful discriminator for disease-free interval than axillary node status, tumor size, or estradiol receptor. For overall survival, UK-PA as a prognostic marker, was of similar magnitude to axillary node status but stronger than that of tumor size or estradiol receptor. In multivariate analysis, for both disease-free interval and survival, UK-PA was an independent risk factor, being independent of tumor size, axillary node status, and estradiol receptor. UK-PA appears to be a new and independent prognostic marker in breast cancer.
Short communication: Identification of sequence tagged sites in the Asian and African elephant (1998)

To date, gene identification in elephants has essentially related to evolutionary studies. Further identification of genes in elephants could provide additional information for evolutionary studies and for evaluating genetic diversity in existing elephant populations. The objective of this project was to identify sequence tagged sites (STSs) in the Asian and the African elephant for the following genes: melatonin receptor 1a (MTNR1A), retinoic acid receptor beta (RARB), and leptin receptor (LEPR). These genes are highly conserved among mammals, and all may play a role in reproduction. Heterologous primers for PCR were designed from sequences available in other species. Fragments of size 141 base pairs (bp) for RARB and 327 bp for LEPR were obtained by amplifying genomic Asian and African elephant DNA. The LEPR fragment included an intron of 164 bp. Also, a 417 bp fragment for MTNR1A was obtained in the Asian elephant only. All PCR products were sequenced and comparison computations were made at the nucleotide and amino acid levels to sequence available in the GenBank database. Nucleotide sequence for RARB was identical for both Asian and African elephants and differed by only 3 bp for LEPR. Deduced amino acid sequence was identical for both STSs in both species. Elephants were relatively similar in comparison to other mammals and less similar to chickens.
Ab Initio Calculations of Structural Evolution and Conductance of Benzene-1,4-dithiol on Gold Leads (2011)

By performing ab initio density functional theory (DFT) calculations and electronic transport simulations based on the DFT nonequilibrium Green's functions method we investigate how the conformational changes of a benzene-1,4-dithiol molecule bonded to gold affect the molecular transport as the electrodes are separated from each other. In particular we consider the full evolution of the stretching process until the junction breaking point and compare results obtained with a standard semilocal exchange and correlation functional to those computed with a self-interaction corrected method. We conclude that the inclusion of self-interaction corrections is fundamental for describing both the molecule conductance and its stability against conformational fluctuations.
Individual and family factors associated with risk of institutionalization of mentally retarded adults. (1985)

A demographic description of the individual and family characteristics of mentally retarded persons referred for placement at a state residential facility in 1982 was presented. Three outcome dispositions (continued home placement, institutional placement, and community residential placement) were considered. Findings suggest that measurements of risk of institutionalization must be expanded beyond personal characteristics of retarded individuals to include stress factors within the family.
Heuristics-based query optimisation for SPARQL (2012)

Query optimization in RDF Stores is a challenging problem as SPARQL queries typically contain many more joins than equivalent relational plans, and hence lead to a large join order search space. In such cases, cost-based query optimization often is not possible. One practical reason for this is that statistics typically are missing in web scale setting such as the Linked Open Datasets (LOD). The more profound reason is that due to the absence of schematic structure in RDF, join-hit ratio estimation requires complicated forms of correlated join statistics; and currently there are no methods to identify the relevant correlations beforehand. For this reason, the use of good heuristics is essential in SPARQL query optimization, even in the case that are partially used with cost-based statistics (i.e., hybrid query optimization). In this paper we describe a set of useful heuristics for SPARQL query optimizers. We present these in the context of a new Heuristic SPARQL Planner (HSP) that is capable of exploiting the syntactic and the structural variations of the triple patterns in a SPARQL query in order to choose an execution plan without the need of any cost model. For this, we define the variable graph and we show a reduction of the SPARQL query optimization problem to the maximum weight independent set problem. We implemented our planner on top of the MonetDB open source column-store and evaluated its effectiveness against the state-of-the-art RDF-3X engine as well as comparing the plan quality with a relational (SQL) equivalent of the benchmarks.
Polymer-based gas sensor on a thermally stable micro-cantilever (2010)

Polymer-based sensors have several advantages for gas detection. They can utilize different polymer composite films as their sensing materials, which results in their ability to respond to a wide range of volatiles. However, it is shown that polymer-based sensors suffer from a large temperature sensitivity that causes shift in their volatile response. To overcome this disadvantage, a new design of interdigitated electrodes on a micro-hotplate is proposed. This detector employs a micromachined sensor structure on silicon wafer that maintains a constant temperature throughout the device. Different micromachined sensor structures and substrates were investigated as candidates for constant temperature platforms. COMSOL simulations were performed to investigate the heat transfer profile. Sensor structure and dimensions together with the heater structure were optimized based on the simulation results.
A low power 16-channel fully integrated GMR-based current sensor (2012)

Isolated current and voltage sensors are key components in hybrid or electrical vehicles. For such applications, a low power 16-channel current sensor with 12-bit resolution at 3kS/s per channel and 1.5kV isolation has been developed. It is based on the cointegration of spin-valve Giant MagnetoResistance (GMR) thin-film technology and CMOS technology in one ASIC. Current measurements have been performed with less than 3.5% peak-to-peak non-linearity over a 1 to 20mA current range. The signal BW ranges from DC to 500Hz, and the readout circuit power consumption is only 182μW per channel.
Catalytic Activity of Biomorphic α-MoO 3 in the Degradation of Methyl Violet Dye (2012)

A network of fibers comprising orthorhombic molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO(3)) crystals were synthesized using paper as template via a biomorphic approach. The template was completely removed by annealing the sample at 600°C for 5 min. Monoclinic MoO(3) was formed and consequently converted into orthorhombic α-MoO(3) after prolonged annealing. Three milligrams of the biomorphic α-MoO(3) could degrade up to 90% of a methyl violet aqueous solution with a concentration of 20 mg/L under normal visible light. The size of the α-MoO(3) grains and the porosity of the biomorphic sample affected catalytic performance.
Transcranial in vivo detection of amyloid-beta at single plaque resolution with large-field multifocal illumination fluorescence microscopy (2020)

Abstract The abnormal deposition of beta-amyloid proteins in the brain is one of the major histopathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease. Currently available intravital microscopy techniques for high-resolution plaque visualization commonly involve highly invasive procedures and are limited to a small field-of-view within the rodent brain. Here, we report the transcranial detection of amyloid-beta deposits at the whole brain scale with 20 μm resolution in APP/PS1 and arcAβ mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease amyloidosis using a large-field multifocal (LMI) fluorescence microscopy technique. Highly sensitive and specific detection of amyloid-beta deposits at a single plaque level in APP/PS1 and arcAβ mice was facilitated using luminescent conjugated oligothiophene HS-169. Immunohistochemical staining with HS-169, anti-Aβ antibody 6E10, and conformation antibodies OC (fibrillar) of brain tissue sections further showed that HS-169 resolved compact parenchymal and vessel-associated amyloid deposits. The novel imaging platform offers new prospects for in vivo studies into Alzheimer’s disease mechanisms in animal models as well as longitudinal monitoring of therapeutic responses at a single plaque level.
Highly Stretchable Multifunctional Wearable Devices Based on Conductive Cotton and Wool Fabrics (2018)

The demand for stretchable, flexible, and wearable multifunctional devices based on conductive nanomaterials is rapidly increasing considering their interesting applications including human motion detection, robotics, and human-machine interface. There still exists a great challenge to manufacture stretchable, flexible, and wearable devices through a scalable and cost-effective fabrication method. Herein, we report a simple method for the mass production of electrically conductive textiles, made of cotton and wool, by hybridization of graphene nanoplatelets and carbon black particles. Conductive textiles incorporated into a highly elastic elastomer are utilized as highly stretchable and wearable strain sensors and heaters. The electromechanical characterizations of our multifunctional devices establish their excellent performance as wearable strain sensors to monitor various human motions, such as finger, wrist, and knee joint movements, and to recognize sound with high durability. Furthermore, the electrothermal behavior of our devices shows their potential application as stretchable and wearable heaters working at a maximum temperature of 103 °C powered with 20 V.
Development of Knowledge Driven Digital Design System for Telecommunication Equipment. (2001)

Because of manufacturing process outsourcing, transfer of design knowledge and manufacturing skill in manufacturing industry become very difficult. In order to support knowledge and skill transfer, a new concept of design system, Knowledge Driven Digital Design (KDDD) system, is proposed in this paper. KDDD is a mechanical design system for telecommunication equipment, which is composed of knowledge database and knowledge engine. As a first step, product models, which are generated by production process and design knowledge, are defined. Then, by classifying design knowledge, three kinds of knowledge layers are shown as cases, manuals and formulas. Also three kinds of knowledge engines are proposed respectively as a framework of KDDD. Based on the framework, development of KDDD is investigated by using 3D-CAD and intranet.
Sensitive Lifelogs (2015)

While media reports about wearable cameras have focused on the privacy concerns of bystanders, the perspectives of the `lifeloggers' themselves have not been adequately studied. We report on additional analysis of our previous in-situ lifelogging study in which 36 participants wore a camera for a week and then reviewed the images to specify privacy and sharing preferences. In this Note, we analyze the photos themselves, seeking to understand what makes a photo private, what participants said about their images, and what we can learn about privacy in this new and very different context where photos are captured automatically by one's wearable camera. We find that these devices record many moments that may not be captured by traditional (deliberate) photography, with camera owners concerned about impression management and protecting private information of both themselves and bystanders.
Analysis of Asymmetrical Creep of a Ceramic at 1350°C by Digital Image Correlation (2015)

The glass industry requires the use of innovative ceramics that enable for long lifetimes. At very high temperatures, one of the key parameters for ceramics is their creep resistance. The characterization of the creep behavior, usually assessed through flexural tests, can be complex when an asymmetry appears between tension and compression. To detect and quantify such asymmetrical behaviors, the use of Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is proposed. First, several challenges are to be tackled for DIC at high temperature, namely, the random pattern stability, the radiation filtering and the heat haze. They are exacerbated by the limited possibilities to heat ceramics, the nonuniform strain fields and their low levels. Beyond several experimental developments, the strain uncertainties are decreased thanks to the use of two global approaches of DIC based on ad hoc finite‐element kinematics. Last, the proposed methodology is applied to the analysis of asymmetric creep at 1350°C of an industrial zircon ceramic designed for its high creep resistance.