gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Organ-specific and non-organ-specific autoantibodies in children and young adults with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) (2000)

Several autoantibodies may be detected in any APECED patient. Our data confirm that CYP21-A and TPO-A are major autoantibodies involved in APECED-associated Addison's disease and hypothyroidism respectively, while CYP11A-A and CYP17-A correlate with positivity for SC-A. Markers of islet cell autoimmunity are frequent, but prevalence and modalities of progression to overt beta-cell failure have to be clarified. Low-titre non-organ-specific autoantibodies are a feature of autoimmunity in APECED, but their role has yet to be fully explained.
Two Types of Europium-Based Photoconversion Covers for Greenhouse Farming with Different Effects on Plants (2023)

In the present work, we investigated the effect of light conversion using europium (Eu(III))-based photoconversion covers on the cultivation of agricultural plants and their resistance to stress conditions. Two types of europium nanoparticles were used. The first one was obtained from europium oxide (Eu2O3) by laser fragmentation. The second one was Eu3+:LaF3 nanocrystals obtained by hydrothermal-microwave treatment, the content of europium ions in which was 50% of the total amount of cations. Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) and cucumbers (Cucumis sativus) were used as model plants. It was shown that plants grown under cover with Eu2O3 (PCC-Eu2O3) were 30–40% larger, gave a higher yield, and the activation of gas exchange processes and the light phase of photosynthesis in the leaves in response to the lighting was faster. On the contrary, plants grown under cover with Eu3+:LaF3 (PCC-Eu3+:LaF3) tended to slow down the rate of biomass accumulation and decrease the rate of gas exchange activation. It was shown that photoconversion covers change the resistance of plants to stress conditions: if plants grown under PCC-Eu2O3 became more sensitive to heat (+40 °C) and cold (+4 °C) treatment, then plants grown under PCC-Eu3+:LaF3 became more resistant to high and low temperatures. It was found that PCC-Eu2O3 inhibited the development of the phytopathogen Phytophthora infestans on tomato plants. It was assumed that changes in the illumination spectrum by the photoconversion covers cause both the activation of plant growth in the case of Eu2O3 and an increase in plant resistance in the case of Eu3+:LaF3 applications.
Exploring the performance of massively multithreaded architectures (2009)

Abstract We present a new scheme for evaluating the performance of multithreaded computers and demonstrate its application to the Cray MTA‐2 and XMT supercomputers. Our scheme is based on the concept of clock cycles per element, \documentclass{article}\footskip=0pc\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}${\cal C}$\end{document} , plotted against both problem size and the number of processors. This scheme clearly shows if an implementation has achieved its asymptotic efficiency and is more general than (but includes) the commonly used speedup metric. It permits the discovery of any imperfections in both the software as well as the hardware, and is expected to permit a unified comparison of many different parallel architectures. Measurements on a number of well‐known parallel algorithms, ranging from matrix multiply to quicksort, are presented for the MTA‐2 and XMT and highlight some interesting differences between these machines. The performance of sequence alignment using dynamic programming is evaluated on the MTA‐2, XMT, IBM x3755 and SGI Altix 350 and provides a useful comparison of the capabilities of the Cray machines with more conventional shared memory architectures. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Signal Processing Challenges in Cellular-Assisted Vehicular Communications: Efforts and developments within 3GPP LTE and beyond (2017)

Vehicular communications is an important enabler for enhancing the safety on roads by supporting mutual awareness of vehicles as well as for improving the efficiency of transportation through smart traffic management by intelligent transport systems (ITSs). Governments around the world have set ambitious goals for road fatality reduction in the near future; e.g., the European Union targets a 50% reduction of road fatalities by 2020 as compared to the year 2010. Furthermore, traffic telematic systems aim to minimize the environmental impact of transportation and maximize the utilization of available road infrastructure by adaptive traffic management. To realize these challenging targets, autonomous wireless information exchange among vehicles-vehicle to vehicle (V2V)-and with roadside infrastructure-vehicle to infrastructure (V2I)-are central ingredients. In addition to traffic efficiency and safety-related issues, vehicular communications is increasingly recognized as an important revenue driver by car manufacturing companies since it enables wirelessly connected in-vehicle entertainment systems that support on-demand video streaming and online Internet access for passengers. Also, in the future, machine-type communication is expected to play a major role in vehicular environments, with more sensors that monitor the internal state of vehicles and autonomously exchange service and maintenance information with cloud servers of manufacturers. Depending on the considered use-case, distinct quality of service (QoS) requirements come into play [1]: infotainment applications for in-car users require high bandwidth and network capacity, active road safety relies on delay- and outage-critical data transmission, whereas information exchange for road traffic efficiency management typically comes without strict QoS requirements and exhibits graceful degradation of performance with increasing latency.
High Performance Fault-Tolerant Routing Algorithm for NoC-Based Many-Core Systems (2013)

Networks-on-Chip (NoCs) has become a promising approach for the on-chip communication infrastructure of many-core Systems-on-Chip (SoCs). Faults may occur in the NoC both at the router and link level. There are many fault-tolerant approaches presented both in the off-chip and on-chip networks. Some approaches disable some healthy components in order to form a specific shape and others not. Regardless of all varieties, there has always been a common assumption among them. Most of all traditional fault-tolerant methods are based on rerouting packets around a faulty node or region. These approaches affect the performance significantly not only by taking longer paths but also by creating hotspot around a fault. The focus of this paper is to maintain the performance of NoC in the presence of faults. The presented method takes advantage of a fully adaptive routing algorithm using one and two virtual channels along the X and Y dimensions. This method is able to tolerate all cases of one-faulty node without losing the performance of NoC. According to the experimental results, this presented fault-tolerant routing algorithm is able to support up to six faulty nodes in the 8×8 mesh network by up to 98% reliability.
Reconstructing Cu Nanoparticle Supported on Vertical Graphene Surfaces via Electrochemical Treatment to Tune the Selectivity of CO2 Reduction toward Valuable Products (2022)

Reconstructing a catalyst with tunable properties is essential for achieving selective electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). Here, a reduction–oxidation–reduction (ROR) electrochemical treatment is devised to advisedly reconstruct copper nanoparticles on vertical graphene. Undercoordinated sites and oxygen vacancies constructed on the Cu active sites during the ROR treatment enhance the CO2RR activity. Moreover, by varying the oxidation potential while maintaining the reduction potential during the ROR treatment, CO2RR selectivity can be tuned between *COOH- and *OCHO-derived products. Specifically, rich grain boundaries are formed on the ROR catalyst with a high oxidation potential (+1.2 VRHE), favoring the *COOH/*OCCO adsorption and leading C–C coupling to *COOH-derived products, while the catalyst undergoing ROR at a low oxidation potential (+0.8 VRHE) lacks grain boundaries, resulting in highly selective formate (*OCHO-derived) production. Our findings are evidenced by combined in situ and ex situ characterizations and theoretical calculations.
Protein Kinase A-dependent Phosphorylation of GLUT2 in Pancreatic β Cells (1996)

In pancreatic beta cells, cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase regulates many cellular processes including the potentiation of insulin secretion. The substrates for this kinase, however, have not been biochemically characterized. Here we demonstrate that the glucose transporter GLUT2 is rapidly phosphorylated by protein kinase A following activation of adenylyl cyclase by forskolin or the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1. We show that serines 489 and 501/503 and threonine 510 in the carboxyl-terminal tail of the transporter are the in vitro and in vivo sites of phosphorylation. Stimulation of GLUT2 phosphorylation in beta cells reduces the initial rate of 3-O-methyl glucose uptake by approximately 48% but does not change the Michaelis constant. Similar differences in transport kinetics are observed when comparing the transport activity of GLUT2 mutants stably expressed in insulinoma cell lines and containing glutamates or alanines at the phosphorylation sites. These data indicate that phosphorylation of GLUT2 carboxyl-terminal tail modifies the rate of transport. This lends further support for an important role of the transporter cytoplasmic tail in the modulation of catalytic activity. Finally, because activation of protein kinase A stimulates glucose-induced insulin secretion, we discuss the possible involvement of GLUT2 phosphorylation in the amplification of the glucose signaling process.
On Measuring Influence in Non-Binary Voting Games (2004)

In this note, we demonstrate using two simple examples that generalization of the Banzhaf measure of voter influence to non-binary voting games that requires as starting position a voter’s membership in a winning coalition is likely to incompletely reflect the influence a voter has on the outcome of a game. Generalization of the Banzhaf measure that takes into consideration all possible pivot moves of a voter including those moves originating from a losing coalition will, on the other hand, result in a measure that is proportional to the Penrose measure only in the ternary case.
Performance prediction of aluminum and polycarbonate solar stills with air cavity using an optimized neural network model by golden jackal optimizer (2023)

Solar stills (SS) are simple eco-friendly desalination devices that exploit solar energy to obtain freshwater from seawater. In this study, a hybrid artificial intelligence model is proposed to predict the thermal behavior of two designs of SSs. Two SSs with a basin and absorber plate made of aluminum for the first SS (ALSS)and polycarbonate for the second SS (PCSS) were established and tested. Both SSs have a modified absorber plate with an air cavity. The hybrid model was composed of an optimized Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model by Golden Jackal Optimizer (GJO). To prove the capability of the proposed model to predict the SSs performance, it was compared with the conventional ANN model as well as two other optimized models with Genetic Algorithm (GA) or Particle Swarm Optimizer (PSO). The results showed that ANN-GJO had better accuracy than ANN, ANN-GA, and ANN-PSO to predict overall heat transfer coefficient, energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, and distillate output. Moreover, ALSS showed better thermal performance compared with PCSS regarding water productivity, exergy efficiency, and energy efficiency. The average exergy efficiency and energy efficiency of PCSS and ALSS were 2.30%, 42.40%, and 3.44%, 48.80%, respectively. The maximum distillate output for PCSS and ALSS were 3.40 l/m2/day and 3.80 l/m2/day, respectively.
Synergistic Ground and Orbital Observations of Iron Oxides on Mt. Sharp and Vera Rubin Ridge (2020)

Visible/short-wave infrared spectral data from the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) show absorptions attributed to hematite at Vera Rubin ridge (VRR), a topographic feature on northwest Mt. Sharp. The goals of this study are to determine why absorptions caused by ferric iron are strongly visible from orbit at VRR and to improve interpretation of CRISM data throughout lower Mt. Sharp. These goals are achieved by analyzing coordinated CRISM and in situ spectral data along the Curiosity Mars rover's traverse. VRR bedrock within areas that have the deepest ferric absorptions in CRISM data also has the deepest ferric absorptions measured in situ. This suggests strong ferric absorptions are visible from orbit at VRR because of the unique spectral properties of VRR bedrock. Dust and mixing with basaltic sand additionally inhibit the ability to measure ferric absorptions in bedrock stratigraphically below VRR from orbit. There are two implications of these findings: (1) Ferric absorptions in CRISM data initially dismissed as noise could be real, and ferric phases are more widespread in lower Mt. Sharp than previously reported. (2) Patches with the deepest ferric absorptions in CRISM data are, like VRR, reflective of deeper absorptions in the bedrock. One model to explain this spectral variability is late-stage diagenetic fluids that changed the grain size of ferric phases, deepening absorptions. Curiosity's experience highlights the strengths of using CRISM data for spectral absorptions and associated mineral detections and the caveats in using these data for geologic interpretations and strategic path planning tools.
Enhanced Combined Tomography and Biomechanics Data for Distinguishing Forme Fruste Keratoconus (2016)

PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) (Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments, Depew, NY) variables and Pentacam HR (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) tomographic parameters in differentiating forme fruste keratoconus (FFKC) from normal corneas, and to assess a combined biomechanical and tomographic parameter to improve outcomes. METHODS: Seventy-six eyes of 76 normal patients and 21 eyes of 21 patients with FFKC were included in the study. Fifteen variables were derived from exported ORA signals to characterize putative indicators of biomechanical behavior and 37 ORA waveform parameters were tested. Sixteen tomographic parameters from Pentacam HR were tested. Logistic regression was used to produce a combined biomechanical and tomography linear model. Differences between groups were assessed by the Mann–Whitney U test. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) was used to compare diagnostic performance. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found in age, thinnest point, central corneal thickness, and maximum keratometry between groups. Twenty-one parameters showed significant differences between the FFKC and control groups. Among the ORA waveform measurements, the best parameters were those related to the area under the first peak, p1area1 (AUROC, 0.717 ± 0.065). Among the investigator ORA variables, a measure incorporating the pressure-deformation relationship of the entire response cycle was the best predictor (hysteresis loop area, AUROC, 0.688 ± 0.068). Among tomographic parameters, Belin/Ambrósio display showed the highest predictive value (AUROC, 0.91 ± 0.057). A combination of parameters showed the best result (AUROC, 0.953 ± 0.024) outperforming individual parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Tomographic and biomechanical parameters demonstrated the ability to differentiate FFKC from normal eyes. A combination of both types of information further improved predictive value. [ J Refract Surg . 2016;32(7):479–485.]
2D localisation using SAW-based RFID systems: a single antenna approach (2007)

This paper presents a novel Real-Time Localisation System (RTLS) based upon 2.45 GHz Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems. The system utilises a novel localisation method that combines the angular rotation of the RFID reader's antenna system with the inherent Time-of-Flight (TOF) distance measurement capabilities of the SAW RFID system. The system design rests upon the sound physical fundamentals of electromagnetic radiation and SAW operation. The system was implemented and empirically evaluated. It was determined to provide accurate 2-Dimensional (2D) location of the SAW tag that is within 3.17 cm of the actual location for a reader to tag range of up to 10 m.
A novel electronically tunable active duplexer for wireless transceiver applications (2005)

In this paper a novel electronically tunable active duplexer suitable for reconfigurable wireless transceiver applications is presented for the first time. The theory, design, and measured results of a varactor tunable active duplexer are summarized. The prototype active duplexer presented in this paper provides an electronically adjustable isolation of 20 to 50 dB between isolated ports and a constant gain of 5 dB between coupled ports in the tunable range from 1.62 to 1.82 GHz in both transmit and receive modes of operations. The design guidelines as well as measured S-parameters of the duplexer are presented. The proposed duplexer can be easily implemented as an MMIC.
Distributed fair scheduling in a wireless LAN (2005)

Fairness is an important issue when accessing a shared wireless channel. With fair scheduling, it is possible to allocate bandwidth in proportion to weights of the packet flows sharing the channel. This paper presents a fully distributed algorithm for fair scheduling in a wireless LAN. The algorithm can be implemented without using a centralized coordinator to arbitrate medium access. The proposed protocol is derived from the Distributed Coordination Function in the IEEE 802.11 standard. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is able to schedule transmissions such that the bandwidth allocated to different flows is proportional to their weights. An attractive feature of the proposed approach is that it can be implemented with simple modifications to the IEEE 802.11 standard.
Reconfigurable antenna with parasitic layer containing 8-element dipole array (2015)

A pattern reconfigurable antenna with two layers offering successive beam tuning in two planes is proposed. A driven patch antenna is designed on the lower layer that is fed with two coaxial probes asynchronously, whereas the upper layer contains an 8-element dipole array. The electromagnetic wave is coupled from the driven patch to the eight parasitic dipoles, which then control the direction of radiation based on the status of the varactor tuning elements. To that end, eight varactors are placed in slots at the center of the parasitic dipoles to achieve the required pattern reconfigurability from the antenna. By selecting the excitation feeder and adjusting the varactor's capacitances, the radiation beam can be scanned from ™30° to 30° in planes phi = 90° and phi = 0°. Furthermore, the antenna maintains more than 7 dBi gain in all the operating modes.
Arthritis induced by posttranslationally modified (citrullinated) fibrinogen in DR4-IE transgenic mice (2008)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease that afflicts the synovium of diarthrodial joints. The pathogenic mechanisms inciting this disease are not fully characterized, but may involve the loss of tolerance to posttranslationally modified (citrullinated) antigens. We have demonstrated that this modification leads to a selective increase in antigenic peptide affinity for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules that carry the RA-associated shared epitope, such as HLA-DRB1*0401 (DR4). We describe the induction of arthritis in DR4-IE transgenic (tg) mice with citrullinated fibrinogen, a protein commonly found in inflamed synovial tissue and a frequent target of autoantibodies in RA patients. The disease induced in these mice was characterized by synovial hyperplasia followed by ankylosis, but lacked a conspicuous polymorphonuclear cell infiltrate. Immunological analysis of these mice through T cell epitope scanning and antibody microarray analysis identified a unique profile of citrulline-specific reactivity that was not found in DR4-IE tg mice immunized with unmodified fibrinogen or in wild-type C57BL/6 mice immunized with citrullinated fibrinogen, two conditions where arthritis was not observed. These observations directly implicate citrullinated fibrinogen as arthritogenic in the context of RA-associated MHC class II molecules.
Allosteric Modulation of GSK-3β as a New Therapeutic Approach in Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy R1 Calpain 3-Related (2021)

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R1 calpain 3-related (LGMDR1) is an autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy produced by mutations in the <i>CAPN3</i> gene. It is a rare disease and there is no cure or treatment for the disease while the pathophysiological mechanism by which the absence of calpain 3 provokes the dystrophy in muscles is not clear. However, key proteins implicated in Wnt and mTOR signaling pathways, which regulate muscle homeostasis, showed a considerable reduction in their expression and in their phosphorylation in LGMDR1 patients' muscles. Finally, the administration of tideglusib and VP0.7, ATP non-competitive inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), restore the expression and phosphorylation of these proteins in LGMDR1 cells, opening the possibility of their use as therapeutic options.
Bifurcation Analysis of a Nose Landing Gear System (2016)

A methodology is proposed to enable the bifurcation analysis of a multi-body nose landing gear (NLG) model by coupling AUTO, a continuation software, to LMS Virtual.Lab Motion, a multi-body software. The approach uses a Singular Value Decomposition (or High Order Singular Value Decomposition) based technique to enable the computation of the stability bounds (e.g. the onset of shimmy) in a very efficient manner. Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses are performed to determine the influence of various structural parameters on the onset of shimmy. A representative aircraft landing gear model was used to validate the approach and it was demonstrated that a good comparison with full-scale Monte-Carlo time simulations was achieved with a much reduced computational expense.
Oral hyaluronan relieves knee pain: a review (2015)

Hyaluronan (HA) is a component that is particularly abundant in the synovial fluid. Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trials carried out between 2008 and 2015 have proven the effectiveness of HA for the treatment of symptoms associated with synovitis, and particularly, knee pain, relief of synovial effusion or inflammation, and improvement of muscular knee strength. The mechanism by which HA exerts its effects in the living body, specifically receptor binding in the intestinal epithelia, has gradually been clarified. This review examines the effects of HA upon knee pain as assessed in clinical trials, as well as the mechanism of these effects and the safety of HA.