gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of Capacities of Communication and Socialization in Young Deaf Children: Utility of a Common Assessment Protocol for Implanted or Hearing Aid Equipped Children (1996)

Pediatric cochlear implantation has attracted a growing interest among health professionals, but it has also encountered opposition on the deaf community. It is therefore incumbent upon the medical teams that carry out this procedure to furnish scientific arguments demonstrating the benefits of this technique for the age group 2 to 4 years and its innocuousness for the child's later psychological development. With this in mind, we have elaborated an assessment protocol adapted to very young deaf children, regardless of whether they have implants or hearing aids. The present report describes two tests of the protocol, chosen because they meet needs which until now have been insufficiently, or not, met. The first of these tests aims at assessing, as early as the age of two, oral and gestual production thanks to sequential images. The second test is the most original element of our psychological protocol: analysis of the child's interactional attitudes through filmed game situations. The initial results from a group of children recently implanted and from another group equipped with hearing aids are presented. These children continue to be seen at regular intervals. It is reasonable to hope that this kind of study will afford objective arguments to the debate in progress.
Clinical Outcomes in Household Contacts of Patients with Cholera in Bangladesh (2009)

In urban Bangladesh, the burden of diarrheal illness among household contacts of patients with cholera is higher than was previously estimated, and prophylactic intervention is feasible, because the majority of symptomatic cases of V. cholerae infection in contacts begin soon after presentation of the index case. Re-evaluation of targeted chemoprophylaxis for household contacts of patients with cholera may be warranted.
Establishment of a 2‐D human urinary proteomic map in IgA nephropathy (2005)

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis worldwide. Although chronic renal failure develops in considerable numbers of IgAN patients, the exact etiology has not yet been clearly elucidated. To establish the urinary protein map of IgAN, we performed a urinary proteomic analysis. Thirteen patients with IgAN and 12 normal controls were recruited. Morning midstream spot urine samples were used with Centriprep ultrafiltration for concentration and desalting. 2-DE was performed and compared between IgAN and normal control, and urinary proteins were identified by MALDI-TOF MS. A large number of protein spots were identified in IgAN and normal control samples, with means of 311 spots and 174 spots, respectively. Approximately 216 protein spots were detected as differentially expressed in IgAN. Among these, 82 spots were over-expressed, and 134 spots were under-expressed compared to normal controls. A total of 84 differentially expressed spots, representing 59 different proteins, were finally identified in IgAN. We have established a urinary proteomic map of IgAN and this result helps in the identification. Further study is needed to determine the potential pathogenic role of these proteins.
Dissemination of Chest Compression–Only Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Survival After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (2015)

Nationwide dissemination of CCCPR for lay-rescuers was associated with the increase in the incidence of survival with favorable neurological outcome after OHCAs in Japan.
Inspection vs structural health monitoring: Manual ultrasonic thickness measurements compared to monitoring with permanently installed sensors (2013)

Corrosion is a major issue in industry and inspection and monitoring for wall thickness loss are important to assess the structural integrity of pipework and process vessels. Manual ultrasonic thickness measurements are widely used; however, they are also notoriously unreliable because of operator errors. Therefore, automated inspection scans and monitoring at fixed locations with permanently installed sensors are becoming more attractive; they help to remove some of the error introduced by operators. However, this raises the question of what the underlying uncertainties of automated ultrasonic wall thickness measurements are. A key contributor to the uncertainty is the surface roughness condition and the authors have been researching this topic for some time. This talk will give an overview of the physics of scattering of ultrasonic waves from rough corroded surfaces. The different scales of roughness will be discussed, and a simulation technique based on the Distributed Point Source Method (DPSM) to model the scattering and its experimental validation will be presented. The need for statistical results makes both the speed and accuracy of the simulation very important. Finally, based on the simulations, results of the estimated ultrasonic measurement errors due to roughness are presented.
An association thesaurus for information retrieval (1994)

Although commonly used in both commercial and experimental information retrieval systems, thesauri have not demonstrated consistent benefits for retrieval performance, and it is difficult to construct a thesaurus automatically for large text databases. In this paper, an approach, called PhraseFinder, is proposed to construct collection-dependent association thesauri automatically using large full-text document collections. The association thesaurus can be accessed through natural language queries in INQUERY, an information retrieval system based on the probabilistic inference network. Experiments are conducted in INQUERY to evaluate different types of association thesauri, and thesauri constructed for a variety of collections. 1 Introduction A thesaurus is a set of items ( phrases or words ) plus a set of relations between these items. Although thesauri are commonly used in both commercial and experimental IR systems, experiments have shown inconsistent effects on retrieval effectiven...
Are students with special needs in mainstream classes adequately supported? Perceptions from teachers in Victoria (2004)

Abstract 60 teachers of a group of local primary and secondary schools in Victoria were surveyed and asked to describe the students in their classes who were of concern to them. Many of the students identified had significant educational difficulties, but few of them were receiving special education funding. These students have typically been classified as ‘borderline’ students and have fallen outside the safety nets for support. Many of the students had learning difficulties and behaviour problems and were regarded by teachers as needing significant support which they could not provide personally without extra assistance. The results substantiate the claims of teachers that many students are in need of more support than is currently available for them, and highlights the need for further research, teacher training and more effective advocacy for the needs of all students.
cDNA Array Analysis of Altered Gene Expression in Human Endothelial Cells in Response toChlamydia pneumoniaeInfection (2001)

Strong epidemiological and pathological evidence supports a role for Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in atherosclerosis and human coronary heart disease. Animal models have shown that C. pneumoniae disseminates hematogenously in infected monocytes and macrophages, while in vitro data suggest that infected macrophages can transmit C. pneumoniae infection directly to endothelial cells. Endothelial cells may be key in vivo targets for C. pneumoniae infection; given that these cells are important in regulating the dynamics of the vessel wall, we used cDNA microarrays to study the transcriptional response of endothelial cells to infection with C. pneumoniae. cDNA arrays were used to characterize the mRNA expression profiles for 268 human genes following infection with C. pneumoniae, which were compared to mRNA profiles of uninfected cells. Selected genes of interest were further investigated by reverse transcription-PCR throughout a 24-h period of infection. C. pneumoniae infection upregulated mRNA expression for approximately 20 (8%) of the genes studied. Genes coding for cytokines (interleukin-1), chemokines (monocyte chemotactic protein 1 and interleukin-8), and cellular growth factors (heparin-binding epidermal-like growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor B chain) were the most prominently upregulated. In addition to these families of genes, increases in mRNA levels for intracellular kinases and cell surface receptors with signal transduction activities were observed. Time course experiments showed that mRNA levels were upregulated within 2 h following infection. These results expand our knowledge of the response of endothelial cells to C. pneumoniae by further defining the repertoire of C. pneumoniae-inducible genes and provide new insight into potential mechanisms of atherogenesis. In addition, the use of cDNA microarrays may prove useful for the study of host cell responses to C. pneumoniae infection during latent and replicative stages of infection and related pathology.
Diagnosis and monitoring of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease using high-resolution computed tomography (2022)

Patients with systemic sclerosis are at high risk of developing systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease. Symptoms and outcomes of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease range from subclinical lung involvement to respiratory failure and death. Early and accurate diagnosis of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease is therefore important to enable appropriate intervention. The most sensitive and specific way to diagnose systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease is by high-resolution computed tomography, and experts recommend that high-resolution computed tomography should be performed in all patients with systemic sclerosis at the time of initial diagnosis. In addition to being an important screening and diagnostic tool, high-resolution computed tomography can be used to evaluate disease extent in systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease and may be helpful in assessing prognosis in some patients. Currently, there is no consensus with regards to frequency and scanning intervals in patients at risk of interstitial lung disease development and/or progression. However, expert guidance does suggest that frequency of screening using high-resolution computed tomography should be guided by risk of developing interstitial lung disease. Most experienced clinicians would not repeat high-resolution computed tomography more than once a year or every other year for the first few years unless symptoms arose. Several computed tomography techniques have been developed in recent years that are suitable for regular monitoring, including low-radiation protocols, which, together with other technologies, such as lung ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, may further assist in the evaluation and monitoring of patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease. A video abstract to accompany this article is available at: https://www.globalmedcomms.com/respiratory/Khanna/HRCTinSScILD.
Depolarization-Associated CircRNA Regulate Neural Gene Expression and in Some Cases May Function as Templates for Translation (2019)

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a relatively new class of RNA transcript with high abundance in the mammalian brain. Here, we show that circRNAs expression in differentiated neuroblastoma cells were significantly altered after depolarization with 107 upregulated and 47 downregulated circRNAs. This coincided with a global alteration in the expression of microRNA (miRNA) (<i>n</i> = 269) and mRNA (<i>n</i> = 1511) in depolarized cells, suggesting a regulatory axis of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA is involved in the cellular response to neural activity. In support of this, our in silico analysis revealed that the circular transcripts had the capacity to influence mRNA expression through interaction with common miRNAs. Loss-of-function of a highly expressed circRNA, circ-EXOC6B, resulted in altered expression of numerous mRNAs enriched in processes related to the EXOC6B function, suggesting that circRNAs may specifically regulate the genes acting in relation to their host genes. We also found that a subset of circRNAs, particularly in depolarized cells, were associated with ribosomes, suggesting they may be translated into protein. Overall, these data support a role for circRNAs in the modification of gene regulation associated with neuronal activity.
Impact of low-dose computed tomography screening on lung cancer incidence and outcomes (2023)

Multiple randomized trials have established that annual LCS reduces mortality from lung cancer; however, several areas of uncertainty exist on the effectiveness of annual LDCT. Ongoing research is examining approaches to improve the uptake and efficiency of LCS, such as the use of risk-prediction models and biomarkers for identification of high-risk individuals.
Gate-Programmable Electro-Optical Addressing Array of Graphene-Coated Nanowires with Sub-10 nm Resolution (2016)

The rapid development of highly integrated photonic circuits has been driving electro-optic (EO) devices to increasingly compact sizes, with the perspective of being able to control light at the nanoscale. However, tunability with spatial resolution below 10 nm scale with conventional approaches, such as metallic nanowires, remains a challenge. Here, we show a graphene-coated nanowire system aiming at beam spatial modulation at a deeply subwavelength scale. By analytically and numerically investigating the eigenmodal properties of this system, we found that beam power can propagate along either a swinging or a helical path in the hybrid nanowire. In particular, the period of the swing beam and the chirality and period of the helix beam can be flexibly controlled by tuning the chemical potential of graphene via the gate voltage. Significantly, due to its good modal confinement, such a beam can be independently manipulated even in the presence of another nanowire at a separation of 40 nm, which opens a realistic path toward gate-programmable EO addressing or data storage with ultrahigh density (64 terabyte/μm). At the same time, by fulfilling the phase matching condition between the two supported guided modes operating at different wavelengths, either a full band or band-tunable terahertz wave at the nanoscale may be achieved by nonlinear difference frequency generation. Our proposed hybrid nanowire system opens interesting potentials to accomplish gate-programmable EO devices at sub-10 nm scale.
Erratum: Bias dependence of the tunneling magnetoresistance in double spin-filter junctions [J. Appl. Phys. 93, 9111 (2003)] (2003)

First Page
23-Gauge Vitrectomy for Retained Lens Material (2012)

A technique for removal of retained lens material is described with a three-port 23-gauge vitrectomy system. Removal of the core vitreous is first performed, followed by removal of the cortical vitreous. All vitreous adhesions to the lens are cleared. The cut rate is then decreased to 1,500 cuts per minute, and vacuum increased to 600 mm Hg. The cortical lens material is cleared first, and then the nuclear material is taken with the same vitrectomy probe using the light pipe to assist in crushing the nuclear fragments. With this technique, even large dense nuclear and cortical retained lens material can be removed from the vitreous chamber without the need for a fragmatome.
Detection and Monitoring of Hydrazine, Monomethylhydrazine, and Their Decomposition Products. (1976)

The decomposition of trace concentrations of hydrazine (N2H4) and monomethylhydrazine (MMH) in air has been studied. The major decomposition products of both compounds were determined using gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (gc-ms) and infrared spectrometric techniques. The decomposition of MMH is complex and involves secondary decomposition reactions of some of the primary products. Seventeen products were identified in the reaction mixture of MMH, and five were identified in the reaction mixture of N2H4. The rate of decomposition depends on the nature of the surfaces in contact with the reactants and by the surface-to-volume ratio of the reaction container. Several analyses methods which are considered superior for the detection of hydrazines or their decomposition products in air or other diluent gases in the parts per billion concentration range are discussed. One of these methods, which entails the electrochemical measurement of nitric oxide, is recommended to DoD and NASA as the basis for the development of a lightweight battery-operated monitoring device. A novel device for generating calibrating gas streams containing any compound of interest in any desired diluent gas in the parts per billion or parts per trillion concentration range is also described.
Interplay between positive and negative elongation factors: drawing a new view of DRB (1998)

DRB is a classic inhibitor of transcription by RNA polymerase II (pol II). Although it has been demonstrated that DRB inhibits the elongation step of transcription, its mode of action has been elusive. DRB also markedly inhibits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transcription, by targeting the elongation which is enhanced by the HIV-encoded transactivator Tat. Two factors essential for DRB action have recently been identified. These factors, positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) and DRB sensitivity-inducing factor (DSIF), positively and negatively regulate pol II elongation, and are likely to be relevant to the function of Tat. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on these factors, and discuss a possible model for the molecular mechanism of DRB action.
IMM-101, an immunotherapeutic agent in clinical development as an adjunctive treatment for pancreatic cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts IMM-101 is an immunotherapeutic agent in clinical development as an adjunctive treatment in cancer. It comprises heat-killed whole cell Mycobacterium obuense and is being developed by Immodulon Therapeutics Ltd, a biopharmaceutical company dedicated to the discovery and
Blad-Containing Oligomer Fungicidal Activity on Human Pathogenic Yeasts. From the Outside to the Inside of the Target Cell (2016)

Blad polypeptide comprises residues 109-281 of <i>Lupinus albus</i> β-conglutin precursor. It occurs naturally as a major subunit of an edible, 210 kDa oligomer which accumulates to high levels, exclusively in the cotyledons of <i>Lupinus</i> seedlings between the 4th and 14th day after the onset of germination. Blad-containing oligomer (BCO) exhibits a potent and broad spectrum fungicide activity toward plant pathogens and is now on sale in the US under the tradename Fracture<sup>TM</sup>. In this work we demonstrate its antifungal activity toward human pathogens and provide some insights on its mode of action. BCO bioactivity was evaluated in eight yeast species and compared to that of amphotericin B (AMB). BCO behaved similarly to AMB in what concerns both cellular inhibition and cellular death. As a lectin, BCO binds strongly to chitin. In addition, BCO is known to possess 'exochitinase' and 'endochitosanase' activities. However, no clear disruption was visualized at the cell wall after exposure to a lethal BCO concentration, except in cell buds. Immunofluorescent and immunogold labeling clearly indicate that BCO enters the cell, and membrane destabilization was also demonstrated. The absence of haemolytic activity, its biological origin, and its extraordinary antifungal activity are the major outcomes of this work, and provide a solid background for a future application as a new antifungal therapeutic drug. Furthermore, its predictable multisite mode of action suggests a low risk of inducing resistance mechanisms, which are now a major problem with other currently available antifungal drugs.
Regenerative medicine in terms of DDS technology - Regenerative therapy and regenerative research - (2015)

再生医療とは、からだ本来のもつ自然治癒力を高める医療である。この自然治癒力の基である細胞の増殖、分化能力を高めることで、生体組織の再生修復を実現する。再生医療は再生治療と再生研究からなっている。細胞力を活用した先進治療が再生治療である。再生研究は次世代の治療を科学的に支える役割をもち、細胞能力を調べる細胞研究と能力の高い細胞を用いた創薬研究からなる。治療と研究のいずれに対しても、細胞能力を高める周辺環境を作り与えるためのバイオマテリアル技術が必要不可欠となっている。 本稿では、再生医療（再生治療と再生研究）におけるバイオマテリアル技術、特にDDS技術の重要性と必要性について述べる。
Universal Aging Features in the Restructuring of Fractal Colloidal Gels (2000)

We use multispeckle dynamic light scattering to measure the dynamic structure factor, f (q, Ï), of gels formed by aggregation of colloids. Although the gel is an elastic solid, f (q, Ï) nearly completely decays on long time scales, with an unusual form, f (q, Ï) â¼ exp{-(Ï / Ï f)Î¼}, with Î¼ â 1.5 and with Ï f â q -1. A model for restructuring of the gel with aging correctly accounts for this behavior. Aging leads to a dramatic increase in Ï f; however, all data can be scaled on a single master curve, with Ï f asymptotically growing linearly with age. This behavior is strikingly similar to that predicted for aging in disordered glassy systems, offering convincing proof of the universality of these concepts.
“Whose School District is This?”: Vietnamese Americans and Coalitional Politics in Orange County, California (2007)

This essay discusses important lessons for community organizing based on the efforts by the Vietnamese American community in Orange County to have their voices heard in the decision-making process at the school district level. I document their struggle to reinstate Dr. KimOanh Nguyen-Lam, an experienced educator who is fluent in English, Vietnamese, Spanish, and French, as Superintendent of the Westminster School District (WSD) when her job offer was retracted without justification by the school board one week after she was hired. In this majority-minority school district, with Latinos at 38% and Asian Americans at 37%, she would have been the first Vietnamese American Superintendent of a public school in the country. I examine how community leaders organized multi-ethnic and -racial coalitions, engaged in collective protest, and focused their activities on electoral politics. The conflict revolves around which teachers are hired and promoted and who controls the content of the curriculum; yet ultimately, the Nguyen-Lam controversy represents the struggle over the allocation of public school resources and political power in a racially diverse school district. Key lessons can be learned from these events, especially the challenges of building coalitions within the Vietnamese community and creating multiracial alliances with the Latino community, which can inform future coalition efforts by refugee and immigrant populations.
Diabetic foot ulcers (1999)

Nurses caring for people with diabetes can have an impact on the assessment and treatment of diabetic foot problems. This article describes a simple staging system to help in this important work.
Effect of Neutron Bombardment on a Zinc Sulfide Phosphor (1954)

An investigation has been made of the effect of neutron irradiation on the following properties of a copper-activated zinc sulfide phosphor: luminescence efficiency under ultraviolet and x-ray excitation, infrared quenching of luminescence, temperature dependence of luminescence efficiency, thermoluminescence, rise time of luminescence, decay of luminescence, and dependence of the rise time of luminescence on the previous history of the sample. In addition, the analogous changes in the dielectric constant of the phosphor on illumination were measured for samples damaged to varying degree by neutrons. It was shown that neutron damage can be removed by annealing at high temperature.