gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Risk prediction models: are they really necessary? (2010)

. Initially created with the aim of analyzing the likelihood of complications and deaths in patients undergoing intervention, these prediction models allow to evaluate the risks and benefits of the procedure. Although no prediction system is comprehensive enough to estimate the specific outcome for each patient, risk stratification allows patients and physicians to know the likely risk of complications or death for the group of individuals with similar risk profile undergoing the proposed procedure collaborating in making decisions. Moreover, these multivariate models of risk assessment have been applied in comparing the performance of institutions or individual professionals, such as setting an objective way to measure the quality of health services, and assisting in the adjustment of resource allocation. Although they are subject to much criticism, the risk assessment models are obviously superior to the comparison of absolute numbers, such as mortality rates, in evaluating the performance of groups or hospitals. Most of the prediction systems developed in cardiac surgery were developed from large populations of patients, resulting often in multicenter studies. From these data, risk scores are established, based on factors identified as predictors of death or complications. The fact is that since the first risk score has become widely known - the Parsonnet index, in the 80s of last century - a wide variety of these instruments has been proposed, including the Cleveland Clinic score, the French score, the Pons score, the Ontario Province score, the Society of Thoracic Surgery (STS) Scoring System, the EuroSCORE and the Bernstein-Parsonnet.Although there is not an ideal risk stratification model, this should have the following characteristics: ease of implementation, objectivity, accuracy in the prediction of mortality and have widespread use. I a recently published meta-analysis
Electromagnetic Fields and Infant Incubators (1994)

Two models of infant incubators were studied to determine the strength of the magnetic field generated by the heater and fan motors. Measurements were taken at intervals along the center line of the incubator. The results show that fields greater than 100 milligauss and 25 milligauss were measured in the C-86 and C-100 model Isolettes, respectively.
Tricyclazole, Pyroquilon, Tetrachlorophthalide, PCBA, Coumarin and Related Compounds Inhibit Melanization and Epidermal Penetration by <i>Pyricularia oryzae</i> (1982)

トリシクラゾール, ピロキロン, 4, 5, 6, 7-tetrachlorophthalide, PCBA, クマリン, pp-389 (4, 5-dihydro-4-methyltetrazolo [1, 5-a] quinazolin-5-one), s-triazolo [4, 3-a] quinoline, およびN-methyl-2-quinolone はそれらの殺菌濃度以下でイネいもち病菌のメラニン生成を阻害した. これら化合物はイネいもち病菌の培養中での生育, セイロンベンケイ Bryophyllum pinnatum 表皮片上での分生子発芽および付着器形成を阻害しないが, 付着器のメラニン生成を抑制し表皮貫入を阻害した. 対照区付着器では80ないし90%の菌糸が表皮貫入した. これらの場合, メラニン生成した付着器でのみ表皮貫入が安全に行なわれた. 供試化合物はイネいもち病菌において scytalone からのメラニン生合成を阻害するが, vermelone からのメラニン生合成は阻害しない. 以上の実験結果から, これら化合物が病原菌に作用して, 類似または同一のメカニズムにより表皮貫入に必要な付着器の機能を阻害して作物保護作用を行なうことが示唆される.
Crystal Size Effect in Vacuum Pressure-Swing Adsorption for Propane/Propylene Separation (2004)

The aim of this work is to evaluate the performance parameters of a vacuum pressure swing adsorption (VSA−PSA) unit for propane/propylene separation using zeolite 4A with different crystal sizes. For this purpose, we have synthesized samples of zeolite 4A with different average crystal diameters: 0.3, 1.9, 10.0, and 22.0 μm. We measured the adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of pure propane and propylene on these samples. The adsorption equilibrium has been measured on a manometric equipment from 0 to 100 kPa pressure and at temperatures of 373, 423, and 473 K. The pure gas adsorption kinetics at the same temperatures has been measured by isothermal breakthrough curves using only 1.1% of pure hydrocarbon diluted with helium at atmospheric pressure. Both crystal diffusivity and equilibrium data show only slight differences with previously reported data on commercial extrudates. Experimental data with pellets with 3.8 μm average crystal diameter were measured in a PSA laboratory unit using a five-step cycle (pressurization, feed, rinse, depressurization to intermediate pressure, and low-pressure countercurrent blowdown). With the aid of simulations, we assessed the effect of different crystal sizes on the equipment performance. When a fixed purity is established as the target, the higher recovery and productivity were obtained with the smaller crystals.
A NEW DERIVATIVE OF TRIPHENYLETHYLENE: EFFECT ON IMPLANTATION AND MODE OF ACTION IN RATS (1967)

Summary. I.C.I. 46,474, the trans-isomer of 1-(p-β-dimethylaminoeth-oxyphenyl-1,2-diphenylbut-1-ene, is very effective in terminating early pregnancy by preventing implantation when given during the first 4 days after insemination to female rats. In this species, the compound is weakly and atypically oestrogenic and is also anti-oestrogenic, as indicated by its inhibitory effect on the response to exogenous oestrogens of the vaginal epithelium (cornification) and uterus (weight-increase). It is suggested that it can prevent implantation in rats by virtue of its anti-oestrogenic activity, i.e. by counteracting the oestrogen-release from the ovaries which is believed to occur on the 4th day and upon which implantation appears to depend. The corresponding cis-isomer (I.C.I. 47,699) is very different in its properties and behaves in all respects like a conventional oestrogen (orally active—e.g. dienoestrol). In rats it is very much more potent as an oestrogen than I.C.I. 46,474—by which its uterotrophic action is inhibited. On the other hand the trans-isomer is the more potent of the two in inducing vaginal cornification in ovariectomized mice.
Scanning localized magnetic fields in a microfluidic device using single spin in a nano-diamond (2014)

Nitrogen vacancy (NV) color centers in diamond have emerged as highly versatile optical emitters that exhibit room temperature spin properties. These characteristics make NV centers ideal for magnetometry which plays an important role in a broad range of chemical and biological sensing applications. The integration of NV magnetometers with microfluidic systems could enable the study of isolated chemical and biological samples in a fluid environment with high spatial resolution. Here we demonstrate a method to perform localized magnetometry with nanometer spatial precision using a single NV center in a microfluidic device. We manipulate a magnetic particle within a liquid environment using a combination of planar flow control and vertical magnetic actuation to achieve 3-dimensional manipulation. A diamond nanocrystal containing a single NV center is deposited in the microfluidic channels and acts as a local magnetic field probe. We map out the magnetic field distribution of the magnetic particle by varying its position relative to the diamond nanocrystal and performing optically resolved electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements. We control the magnetic particle position with a 48 nm precision and attain a magnetic field sensitivity of 17.5 microTesla/Hz^1/2. These results open up the possibility for studying local magnetic properties of biological and chemical systems with high sensitivity in an integrated microfluidic platform.
Lanthanide complexes as fluorescent indicators for neutral sugars and cancer biomarkers (2006)

Simple water-soluble lanthanum and europium complexes are effective at detecting neutral sugars as well as glycolipids and phospholipids. In solutions at physiologically relevant pH the fluorescent lanthanum complex binds neutral sugars with apparent binding constants comparable to those of arylboronic acids. Interference from commonly occurring anions is minimal. The europium complex detects sialic acid-containing gangliosides at pH 7.0 over an asialoganglioside. This selectivity is attributed, in large part, to the cooperative complexation of the oligosaccharide and sialic acid residues to the metal center, based on analogous prior studies. In MeOH, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a biomarker for several pathological conditions including ovarian cancer, is selectively detected by the europium complex. LPA is also detected via a fluorescence increase in human plasma samples. The 2-sn-OH moiety of LPA plays a key role in promoting binding to the metal center. Other molecules found in common brain ganglioside and phospholipid extracts do not interfere in the ganglioside or LPA fluorescence assays.
Characterization of Protein Synthetic Changes in a Desiccation-Tolerant Fern,Polypodium virginianum. Comparison of the Effects of Drying, Rehydration and Abscisic Acid (1993)

Journal Article Characterization of Protein Synthetic Changes in a Desiccation-Tolerant Fern, Polypodium virginianum. Comparison of the Effects of Drying, Rehydration and Abscisic Acid Get access TRACEY L. REYNOLDS, TRACEY L. REYNOLDS Department of Botany, University of GuelphGuelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. DEREK BEWLEY J. DEREK BEWLEY 1 Department of Botany, University of GuelphGuelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Experimental Botany, Volume 44, Issue 5, May 1993, Pages 921–928, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/44.5.921 Published: 01 May 1993 Article history Received: 28 September 1992 Accepted: 20 January 1993 Published: 01 May 1993
Text Cube: Computing IR Measures for Multidimensional Text Database Analysis (2008)

Since Jim Gray introduced the concept of rdquodata cuberdquo in 1997, data cube, associated with online analytical processing (OLAP), has become a driving engine in data warehouse industry. Because the boom of Internet has given rise to an ever increasing amount of text data associated with other multidimensional information, it is natural to propose a data cube model that integrates the power of traditional OLAP and IR techniques for text. In this paper, we propose a text-cube model on multidimensional text database and study effective OLAP over such data. Two kinds of hierarchies are distinguishable inside: dimensional hierarchy and term hierarchy. By incorporating these hierarchies, we conduct systematic studies on efficient text-cube implementation, OLAP execution and query processing. Our performance study shows the high promise of our methods.
Cardiac remodeling secondary to chronic volume overload is attenuated by a novel MMP9/2 blocking antibody (2020)

The data suggest that MMP9/2 blockage with SDS3 attenuates myocardial remodeling associated with chronic VO by three potential pathways: downregulating the extracellular matrix proteolytic cleavage, reducing the cardiac inflammatory responses, and preserving the cardiac mitochondrial structure and function.
Start-Up Entrepreneurs as Accelerators of Digital Platform Economy (2018)

The digital platform economy is gradually gaining popularity in many countries and industries. The platform economies have created a remarkable transformation in healthcare, banking, transportation, and energy industries around the world. The concept triggers a viral effect because many users are attracted to it. Consequently, a momentum for growth is created. Digital platform economies capture and transmit extensive data over the Internet, allowing individuals and firms to gain valuable knowledge and use it for development. Furthermore, they create a chance for the lead organizations to re-think their business strategies, structures, management, and models because firms in such economies must sustain an ecosystem of partners to remain competitive in the market. Most importantly, they can create value in two significant ways. First, they facilitate transactions between individuals and firms. Second, they allow innovation to take place, which further ensures that technology can be used to create complementary products. What is more, the entities behind such transactions and change can be located anywhere in the world, meaning that skills can be shared on the platform and that a nation can benefit from expertise from a range of sources. Notably, start-up companies and individuals have taken advantage of this concept to create profit and in the process contribute towards the growth and development of economies around the world. For example, the most successful platforms include Amazon, Alibaba, and Facebook. Specifically, they have ensured that consumers access their products efficiently from anywhere in the world and that the productivity levels of many sectors are enhanced. This thesis aims to study the phenomenon further by trough literature review and interviews of key persons from startups, venture capitalists, and larger enterprises. The study focuses on the role of the startups as accelerators of digital platform economy, their problems, and cooperation with larger companies.
Editorial (1995)

The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care: February 1995 - Volume 38 - Issue 2 - p 161
Supplementary Figure S1 from Metastatic Competence Can Emerge with Selection of Preexisting Oncogenic Alleles without a Need of New Mutations (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S1. Mutational spectra of xenograft models and metastatic derivatives.&lt;/p&gt;
Safety Evaluation of EXPAREL (DepoFoam Bupivacaine) Administered by Repeated Subcutaneous Injection in Rabbits and Dogs: Species Comparison (2011)

EXPAREL (bupivacaine extended-release liposome injection), DepoFoam bupivacaine, is in development for prolonged postsurgical analgesia. Repeat-dose toxicity studies were conducted in rabbits and dogs to compare the potential local and systemic toxicities of EXPAREL and bupivacaine HCl (Bsol), and the reversibility of any effects. Dogs tolerated much larger doses than rabbits. EXPAREL-related minimal-to-moderate granulomatous inflammation was noted at the injection sites. In recovery animals, the granulomatous inflammation was observed less frequently and was characterized by an increased number of multinucleated giant cells. These effects were considered a normal response to liposomes and nonadverse. Rabbits are more sensitive than dogs. In rabbits, convulsions were noted with EXPAREL and more frequently with Bsol; a NOAEL was not identified. In dogs, EXPAREL was well tolerated (NOAEL > 30 mg/kg/dose). The cumulative exposure of EXPAREL in these studies is well in excess of the proposed maximum single-dose exposure that is intended in humans.
The Role of Nrf2 in the Attenuation of Cardiovascular Disease (2013)

Oxidative stress is a component of many human diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Exercise and various phytochemicals activate nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), the master regulator of antioxidant defenses, and attenuate CVD. This review highlights Nrf2 regulation by exercise and phytochemicals and the role of Nrf2 as a therapeutic target in CVD.
The sensitivity of optimal public investment for regional development (1973)

In this paper the discrete-time optimal control sensitivity problem is stated and a computationally convenient solution algorithm is reviewed. The algorithm is used to calculate the sensitivity of optimal public investment with respect to parameters in a regional model and welfare index. Implications of these results for regional development strategies are discussed.
Self-calibration/compensation technique for microcontroller-based sensor arrays (1994)

Described is a generalized technique for real-time gain and thermal compensation of embedded microcontroller-based sensor arrays. By incorporating a single or multiple low-cost, uncalibrated thermal sensor(s) into a software feedback loop, a self-normalized calibration/compensation table for each sensor can be generated and stored in EEPROM for later use in real-time signal acquisition. The compensation is accomplished by executing a one-time initialization software routine as the sensor array is cycled through the expected temperature range. To achieve compensation to within the system resolution, the required correction loop bit width will be different from that of the system bit width. In addition to temperature compensation, the technique also includes correction for gain and voltage offset errors introduced by the analog signal conditioning as well as A/D conversion errors. An example of the technique is presented using a 68HC711E9 microcontroller for real-time acquisition and compensation of a four-element strain gage array.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
High-pressure phase diagram of silver mercury iodide (Ag2HgI4) (1986)

Differential scanning calorimetry has been used to study the phase diagram of ${\mathrm{Ag}}_{2}$${\mathrm{HgI}}_{4}$ in the range up to 1 GPa and from 278 to 440 K. Stoichiometric samples were prepared by a solid-state reaction which gives pure ${\mathrm{Ag}}_{2}$${\mathrm{HgI}}_{4}$, while previous high-pressure studies have been on samples prepared by precipitation, a technique where the presence of minor amounts of AgI as impurity hardly can be avoided. The phase diagram is characterized by two triple points: 0.477 GPa, 328.5 K and 0.74 GPa, 400.5 K. At ambient temperature a transition between the ordered phases occurs at 0.62 GPa when the pressure is increased but at 0.47 GPa when the pressure is decreased. In both cases the transition enthalpy is strongly temperature dependent, indicating that there is either a triple point or a critical point near 270 K. The temperature of the order-disorder transition between the \ensuremath{\beta} and \ensuremath{\alpha} phases increases from 325 K at normal pressure to a maximum of 334 K at 0.42 GPa. The enthalpy of the \ensuremath{\beta}\ensuremath{\rightleftarrows}\ensuremath{\alpha} transition is 8.5 kJ/mol at normal pressure and 6.2 kJ/mol in the range 0.0001--0.477 GPa. The enthalpy of the \ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\rightleftarrows}\ensuremath{\alpha} order-disorder transition increases from 1.3 kJ/mol at 0.477 GPa to 6.8 kJ/mol at 0.74 GPa. Perhaps the most remarkable features of this phase diagram concern the transition of the disordered \ensuremath{\alpha} phase to other disordered high-temperature phases. At normal pressure the transition enthalpy is 11.5 KJ/mol at 425 K. The transition temperature has a maximum of 428 K at about 0.045 GPa. At higher pressures the transition changes its character, and it is clearly second order from, say, 0.16 GPa to a singularity point (minimum) at 0.474 GPa and 382 K. Beyond this point the transition enthalpy increases linearly from zero up to 11.9 kJ/mol at 0.74 GPa.
Exploration in Gradient-Based Reinforcement Learning (2001)

Gradient-based policy search is an alternative to value-function-based methods for reinforcement learning in non-Markovian domains. One apparent drawback of policy search is its requirement that all actions be 'on-policy'; that is, that there be no explicit exploration. In this paper, we provide a method for using importance sampling to allow any well-behaved directed exploration policy during learning. We show both theoretically and experimentally that using this method can achieve dramatic performance improvements.
Antineoplastic Agents. 554. The Manitoba Bacterium Streptomyces sp.,1 (2006)

A Streptomyces sp. isolated from riverbank soil in Manitoba, Canada, was found to contain two cancer cell growth inhibitories: diazaanthraquinone 1 and 3-(hydroxyacetyl)indole (8). The structures were determined by interpretation of data from HRMS, UV, and high-field (400 MHz) NMR experiments. The red-colored diazaanthraquinone 1 and 3-(hydroxyacetyl)indole (8) were found to inhibit (0.1-3 microg/mL) growth of a minipanel of human cancer cell lines and P388 lymphocytic leukemia cells. Diazaanthraquinone 1 was also found to inhibit growth of the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria gonorrheae. However, three companion constituents, cyclo-Pro-Leu (5), cyclo-Pro-Phe (6), and cyclo-Pro-Val (7), did not inhibit cancer cell growth.
Surface plasmon resonance manipulation through application of mechanically generated planar and linear strain (2019)

This paper reports a method of manipulating surface plasmon resonance (SPR) by mechanically straining a substrate to induce reconfigurations of photonic nanostructures patterned above the substrate with handling simplicity, operation practicality, application variety, and design flexibility. Results indicate that the proposed method linearly expands nanostructures in the xy-plane, switching SPR and consequently changing the perceived color. Comprehensive structural design, numerical evaluation, device fabrication, experimental verification, and optical analysis were conducted in this study. In addition to the demonstrations, a tendency toward color purity improvement along with the enhancement of the completeness of linear strain distribution was observed.
The criterions of minimum number of arrayed waveguides for the design of arrayed waveguide gratings (2006)

The criterions for determining the minimum number of arrayed waveguides are presented using the design theory of arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) and Fraunhofer diffraction principle for the optimal design of AWGs. In addition, some parameters such as the cross section of waveguides and the waveguide separation between adjacent waveguides are chosen to optimize the AWG structure to satisfy the performance specifications and to match the fabrication conditions in our laboratory. As an example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the simulated results of the designed 16 16 AWGs with silica-based sol-gel material were provided using the beam propagation method (BPM). And the effectiveness of optimal parameters, especially to the selection of the minimum number of arrayed waveguides on the performance of the AWG, has been perfectly verified by comparing the transmission spectra of the designed AWGs. The design methodology can serve as a simple and useful tool for the optimal design of AWG multiplexers/demultiplexers.
Light-emitting silicon nanowires obtained by metal-assisted chemical etching (2017)

This review reports on a new process for the synthesis of Si nanowires (NWs), based on the wet etching of Si substrates assisted by a thin metal film. The approach exploits the thicknessdependent morphology of the metal layers to define uncovered nanometric Si regions, which behave as precursor sites for the formation of very dense (up to 1. x. 10(12) NW cm(-2)) arrays of long (up to several mu m) and ultrathin (diameter of 5-9 nm) NWs. Intense photoluminescence (PL) peaks, characterized by maxima in the 640-750 nm range and by an external quantum efficiency of 0.5%, are observed when the Si NWs are excited at room temperature. The spectra show a blueshift if the size of the NW is decreased, in agreement with the occurrence of quantum confinement effects. The same etching process can be used to obtain ultrathin Si/Ge NWs from a Si/Ge multi-quantum well. The Si/Ge NWs exhibit-in addition to the Si-related PL peak-a signal at about 1240 nm due to Ge nanostructures. The huge surface area of the Si NW arrays can be exploited for sensing and analytical applications. The dependence of the PL intensity on the chemical composition of the surface indeed suggests interesting perspectives for the detection of gaseous molecules. Moreover, Si NWs decorated with Ag nanoparticles can be effectively employed in the interference-free laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry of lowmolecular-weight analytes. A device based on conductive Si NWs, showing intense and stable electroluminescence at an excitation voltage as low as 2 V, is also presented. The unique features of the proposed synthesis (the process is cheap, fast, maskless and compatible with Si technology) and the unusual optical properties of the material open the route towards new and unexpected perspectives for semiconductor NWs in photonics.