gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Doped surfaces in one sun, point-contact solar cells (1989)

This letter reports two new types of large-area (&amp;gt;8.5 cm2), backside, point-contact solar cells with doped surfaces, designed for use in unconcentrated sunlight. One type was fabricated on an intrinsic substrate with an optimized phosphorus diffusion on the sunward surface. The apertured-area efficiency was independently measured to be 22.3% at 1 sun (0.100 W/cm2), 25 °C, the highest reported for a silicon solar cell. The other type is constructed on a doped substrate, and has an apertured-area efficiency of 20.9%, the highest reported for a point-contact solar cell with a base in low-level injection. Both cells have record open-circuit voltages above 700 mV.
Oil, space, and national imaginaries : discursive productions by standard oil New Jersey post WWII. (2017)

In a moment of self-representation, Standard Oil New Jersey commissioned a large photo ‘documentary’ project of nearly 80,000 images taken between the years 1943 to 1950. Produced for publication and exhibition, images captured “how oil seeped into every joint” of America, and displayed a specific landscape for post WWII economies. While a stable and centralized industry was ever more tied to the state’s idea of national security, Standard Oil needed a public relations project to address social concerns of big oil. This singular perspective on oil space is problematic. Community histories and social relations are seen through Standard Oil’s own restrictive frame. Representation gives the appearance that Standard Oil is asserting itself in a neutral photo documentary journalism project in post WWII America. However it is the image that deterministically maps out and proliferates economic life under capital. It is the image that flattens out the complexity of spatial – political relations. A discursive read illuminates the productive work of the image and asks questions commonly used by historical materialists: How is the relation to nature being articulated? How is daily life being reproduced? How are social relations being normalized? And what kind of symbolism is being projected? This thesis proposes to show how Standard Oil produces and reproduces national imaginaries and/or identities in the following spheres: 1) visualizations of oil towns, 2) politics of conservation, and 3) discourses on foreign production in Venezuela. This paper focuses on the spatial tactics visual representation uses to acclimate post WWII Americans to the dynamic structures of capitalism.
The oligarchic revolution in Argos 417 B.C (1986)

Les sources secondaires relatives à la révolution oligarchique de 417 à Argos (notamment Diodore, basé sur Éphore, ainsi qu'Énée le Tacticien et Pausanias) attribuent aux oligarques argiens des méthodes brutales dont Thucydide ne fait aucune mention. L'étude essaye de réhabiliter la valeur historique des traditions préservées par ces sources et de montrer qu'en les négligeant pour suivre uniquement la version de Thucydide les historiens modernes ont contribué à perpétuer une déformation historique.
The Usefulness of Phosphorus Compounds in Alkyne Synthesis (2000)

International audience
Genetic and epigenetic loss of miR-31 activates NIK-dependent NF-κB pathway in Adult T-cell Leukemia (2011)

Although crucial roles of microRNA have begun to emerge, detailed studies with ATL patients have not been achieved. Using 40 primary ATL samples and 22 samples of normal CD4+ T-cells, we determined the microRNA signatures of ATL and revealed loss of miR-31, which has recently been reported as a metastasis-associated miRNA. All ATL cases invariably showed undetectable or very low levels of miR-31, clearly implying that miR-31 loss is involved in ATL development.

As a novel miR-31 target gene, we identified NF-κB inducing kinase (NIK) that plays central roles in noncanonical signaling and constitutive activation of NF-κB in various cancers, including ATL. Restoration of miR-31 downregulated the levels of NIK and NF-κB activity, resulting in reduction of malignant phenotypes, containing proliferative index, anti-apoptosis, and chemotaxis in ATL cells. Furthermore, lentivirus-introduced miR-31 could induce strong apoptosis in primary tumor cells freshly isolated from ATL patients, indicating pivotal functions of miR-31 as a tumor suppressor.

Global copy number profiling demonstrated that 21 cases out of 168 (12.5%) have genomic loss of 9p21 containing miR-31 region. Furthermore, expression profiling and ChIP assay showed requirement of overexpression of histone methyltransferase in epigenetic suppression of miR-31 and aberrant NF-κB activation in primary ATL cells. Knockdown of methyltransferase complex restored the miR-31 expression and consequently inhibited NIK-dependent NF-κB cascade. These findings illustrated that genetic and epigenetic abnormalities link to NF-κB activation through the loss of miR-31. Considering aberrant epigenomics associated with cancers, the emerging relationship provides us a conceptual advance in understanding the broad-acting oncogenic signaling.
Early Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Humans Is Dominated by IL-6 Release from the Allograft (2009)

The pathophysiology of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is complex, and current knowledge of I/R injury in humans is incomplete. In the present study, human living-donor kidney transplantation was used as a highly reproducible model to systematically study various processes potentially involved in early I/R injury. Unique, direct measurements of arteriovenous concentration differences over the kidney revealed massive release of interleukin (IL)-6 in the first 30 minutes of graft reperfusion and a modest release of IL-8. Among the assessed markers of oxidative and nitrosative stress, only 15(S)-8-iso-PGF(2alpha) was released. When assessing cell activation, release of prothrombin factor 1 + 2 indicated thrombocyte activation, whereas there was no release of markers for endothelial activation or neutrophil activation. Common complement activation complex sC5b-9 was not released into the bloodstream, but was released into urine rapidly after reperfusion. To investigate whether IL-6 plays a modulating role in I/R injury, a mouse experiment of renal I/R injury was performed. Neutralizing anti-IL-6 antibody treatment considerably worsened kidney function. In conclusion, this study shows that renal I/R in humans is dominated by local IL-6 release. Neutralization of IL-6 in mice resulted in a significant aggravation of renal I/R injury.
Biologic Activities of Interleukin-1 Relevant to Rheumatic Diseases (1987)

In conclusion, IL-1 has multiple biologic activities relevant to rheumatic diseases. It mediates the acute-phase response, and exerts control over many metabolic functions of connective tissue, including muscle, bone, cartilage, synovium, and endothelium. IL-1 also has a profound effect on leukocyte function. Although few clinical studies have been reported, there is suggestive evidence that IL-1 plays a role in the pathogenesis of arthritis, scleroderma, SLE and vasculitis. That drugs useful in the therapeutic management of these conditions influence IL-1 activity provides indirect support for the involvement of IL-1 in pathogenesis. Clearly, further studies are needed in this area. With the recent development of recombinant preparations of IL-1, further investigation of IL-1 in connective tissue metabolism and clinical rheumatic disease can be carried out. Finally, the future development of pharmacologic agents specifically designed to alter IL-1 responses may allow specifically targeted therapy for rheumatic diseases.
Modulation of O‐GlcNAc levels as a disease modifying approach for Alzheimer disease (223.3) (2014)

Protein O‐glycosylation with N‐acetylglucosamine (O‐GlcNAc) is found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of multicellular eukaryotes. O‐GlcNAc is particularly abundant in brain tissue and is a glucose responsive post‐translational modification, which is interesting given that impaired glucose utilization is an early pathological feature occurring in the brains of Alzheimer patients. In this presentation I will discuss the generation of inhibitors that slow removal of O‐GlcNAc as well as the neuroprotective effects of such inhibitors in tissue culture as well as transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer disease.
Omnidirectional Structured Light in a Flexible Configuration (2013)

Structured light is a perception method that allows us to obtain 3D information from images of the scene by projecting synthetic features with a light emitter. Traditionally, this method considers a rigid configuration, where the position and orientation of the light emitter with respect to the camera are known and calibrated beforehand. In this paper we propose a new omnidirectional structured light system in flexible configuration, which overcomes the rigidness of the traditional structured light systems. We propose the use of an omnidirectional camera combined with a conic pattern light emitter. Since the light emitter is visible in the omnidirectional image, the computation of its location is possible. With this information and the projected conic in the omnidirectional image, we are able to compute the conic reconstruction, i.e., the 3D information of the conic in the space. This reconstruction considers the recovery of the depth and orientation of the scene surface where the conic pattern is projected. One application of our proposed structured light system in flexible configuration consists of a wearable omnicamera with a low-cost laser in hand for visual impaired personal assistance.
AlN-capped P-(AlxGal-x)2O3/Ga2O3 heterostructure field-effect transistors for near-junction thermal management of next generation power devices (2022)

While the ultrawide bandgap (Eg~4.9 e V) and high critical electric field (E <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</inf> ~8 MV /cm) of ß-Ga <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> [1] has promising implications for power electronics, the very low bulk thermal conductivity (0.11-0.27 W/cm.K [2]) presents a formidable thermal challenge. For lateral devices, heat is typically generated within tens of nanometers of the semiconductor surface. Therefore, a pathway for efficient heat dissipation through the surface could substantially improve device-level thermal performance. In this work, we report the first experimental demonstration of top-side device-level thermal management of Ga <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> -based transistors by capping an (Al <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.21</inf> Ga <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.79</inf> ) <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> /Ga <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> heterostructure field-effect transistor (HFET) with a ~400 nm thick sputter-deposited aluminum nitride (AlN) heat spreading layer. Compared to a reference HFET, we observed a ~30% reduction in device-level thermal resistance at the gate electrode.
Solid State Detectors Used for the CERN Neutrino Flux Monitoring (NFM) (1978)

The CERN neutrino beam is monitored via the accompanying muon flux in the iron shield. Silicon radiation detectors are used for measuring this flux at several places in the shield. Special features of the electronics are the low noise cable connection to the remote preamplifier and the leakage current compensatior. The precise calibration of the detectors allows detailed information on the neutrino flux.
Material evidence: interaction of well-learned priors and sensorimotor memory when lifting objects (2012)

Skilled object lifting requires the prediction of object weight. When lifting new objects, such prediction is based on well-learned size-weight and material-density correlations, or priors. However, if the prediction is erroneous, people quickly learn the weight of the particular object and can use this knowledge, referred to as sensorimotor memory, when lifting the object again. In the present study, we explored how sensorimotor memory, gained when lifting a given object, interacts with well-learned material-density priors when predicting the weight of a larger but otherwise similar-looking object. Different groups of participants 1st lifted 1 of 4 small objects 10 times. These included a pair of wood-filled objects and a pair of brass-filled objects where 1 of each pair was covered in a wood veneer and the other was covered in a brass veneer. All groups then lifted a larger, brass-filled object with the same covering as the small object they had lifted. For each lift, we determined the initial peak rate of change of vertical load-force rate and the load-phase duration, which provide estimates of predicted object weight. Analysis of the 10th lift of the small cube revealed no effects of surface material, indicating participants learned the appropriate forces required to lift the small cube regardless of object appearance. However, both surface material and core material of the small cube affected the 1st lift of the large block. We conclude that sensorimotor memory related to object density can contribute to weight prediction when lifting novel objects but also that long-term priors related to material properties can influence the prediction.
Active Learning by Querying Informative and Representative Examples (2010)

Abstract—Active learning reduces the labeling cost by iteratively selecting the most valuable data to query their labels. It has attracted a lot of interests given the abundance of unlabeled data and the high cost of labeling. Most active learning approaches select either informative or representative unlabeled instances to query their labels, which could significantly limit their performance. Although several active learning algorithms were proposed to combine the two query selection criteria, they are usually ad hoc in finding unlabeled instances that are both informative and representative. We address this limitation by developing a principled approach, termed QUIRE, based on the min-max view of active learning. The proposed approach provides a systematic way for measuring and combining the informativeness and representativeness of an unlabeled instance. Further, by incorporating the correlation among labels, we extend the QUIRE approach to multi-label learning by actively querying instance-label pairs. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed QUIRE approach outperforms several state-of-the-art active learning approaches in both single-label and multi-label learning. Index Terms—Active learning, learning with unlabeled data, multi-label learning, informativeness, representativeness F 1
Short and efficient syntheses of coriolic acid (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTShort and efficient syntheses of coriolic acidA. V. Rama Rao, S. Pulla Reddy, and E. Rajarathnam ReddyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 22, 4158–4159Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00372a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00372a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views490Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Design and synthesis of the superionic conductor Na[subscript 10]SnP[subscript 2]S[subscript 12] (2016)

Sodium-ion batteries are emerging as candidates for large-scale energy storage due to their low cost and the wide variety of cathode materials available. As battery size and adoption in critical applications increases, safety concerns are resurfacing due to the inherent flammability of organic electrolytes currently in use in both lithium and sodium battery chemistries. Development of solid-state batteries with ionic electrolytes eliminates this concern, while also allowing novel device architectures and potentially improving cycle life. Here we report the computation-assisted discovery and synthesis of a high-performance solid-state electrolyte material: Na10SnP2S12, with room temperature ionic conductivity of 0.4 mScm_1 rivalling the conductivity of the best sodium sulfide solid electrolytes to date. We also computationally investigate the variants of this compound where tin is substituted by germanium or silicon and find that the latter may achieve even higher conductivity.
Metabolic profiles of human brain tumors using quantitative in vivo 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2003)

Proton spectroscopy can noninvasively provide useful information on brain tumor type and grade. Short- (30 ms) and long- (136 ms) echo time (TE) (1)H spectra were acquired from normal white matter (NWM), meningiomas, grade II astrocytomas, anaplastic astrocytomas, glioblastomas, and metastases. Very low myo-Inositol ([mI]) and creatine ([Cr]) were characteristic of meningiomas, and high [mI] characteristic of grade II astrocytomas. Tumor choline ([Cho]) was greater than NWM and increased with grade for grade II and anaplastic astrocytomas, but was highly variable for glioblastomas. Higher [Cho] and [Cr] correlated with low lipid and lactate (P < 0.05), indicating a dilution of metabolite concentrations due to necrosis in high-grade tumors. Metabolite peak area ratios showed no correlation with lipids and mI/Cho (at TE = 30 ms), and Cr/Cho (at TE = 136 ms) best correlated with tumor grade. The quantified lipid, macromolecule, and lactate levels increased with grade of tumor, consistent with progression from hypoxia to necrosis. Quantification of lipids and macromolecules at short TE provided a good marker for tumor grade, and a scatter plot of the sum of alanine, lactate, and delta 1.3 lipid signals vs. mI/Cho provided a simple way to separate most tumors by type and grade.
Epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (1998)

OCD is fairly rare in the general population, but causes considerable distress to those who suffer from it.
Current Surgical Strategies to Restore Proper Sagittal Alignment (2015)

The lumbar lordosis is essential to the human spine, as it enhances biomechanical strength and facilitates the unique upright posture of the human species. On average, 90% of the lumbar curve is attributed to the wedging of the discs, emphasizing the important contribution of them in maintaining lumbar lordosis.
Spatial and Temporal Fracture Pattern in Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Survivors (2014)

The pattern of skeletal fracture is similar between cancer survivor and general population. Contrary to general assumption, survivors can experience skeletal fracture early after cancer treatment, especially at an older age. Thus, cancer survivorship care should include assessment of early time points with improved management of cancer treatment related bone injury.
Prevalence and risk factors for iron deficiency anemia in weanling rhesus macaques. (1993)

Standard epidemiologic methods were used to determine the prevalence and risk factors for iron deficiency at weaning in 143 weanling rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) raised indoors at the California Primate Research Center, Davis, CA. Maternal, infant, and management factors were investigated. Prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was 19%, as defined by mean corpuscular volume less than or equal to 66 femtoliters. It was found that animals raised entirely or partially in the nursery had less iron deficiency than dam-reared offspring. Results also suggest multiparous dams were more likely to have iron-deficient weanlings than primiparous dams. These results were discussed in relation to human and nonhuman primate pediatric medicine.
Low Voltage and Current Stress ZVZCS Full Bridge DC–DC Converter Using Center Tapped Rectifier Reset (2008)

An improved zero-voltage and zero-current-switching (ZVZCS) full bridge dc-dc converter is proposed based on phase shift control. With an auxiliary center tapped rectifier at the secondary side, an auxiliary voltage source is applied to reset the primary current of the transformer winding. Therefore, zero-voltage switching for the leading leg switches and zero-current switching for the lagging leg switches can be achieved, respectively, without any increase of current and voltage stresses. Since the primary current in the circulating interval for the phase shift full bridge converter is eliminated, the conduction loss in primary switches is reduced. A 1 kW prototype is made to verify the theoretical analysis.
Enhanced proteolysis of plasma von Willebrand factor in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and the hemolytic uremic syndrome (1989)

To examine whether enhanced in vivo proteolysis of von Willebrand factor (vWF) would account for the reported loss of larger multimers in acute thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura/hemolytic uremic syndrome (TTP/HUS), we studied eight patients with acute TTP/HUS whose blood samples were collected into an anticoagulant containing a cocktail of protease inhibitors to impede in vitro proteolysis. In all, enhanced proteolytic degradation of vWF was expressed as a relative decrease in the intact 225-Kd subunit of vWF and a relative increase in the 176-Kd fragment. However, instead of the loss of larger forms of normal multimers reported by other investigators, the plasma of all but one of our patients (whether they had TTP or HUS) contained a set of larger than normal (supranormal) multimers. Hence, although proteolytic fragmentation of vWF was enhanced during acute TTP/HUS, this phenomenon was not associated with the loss of larger multimers. In the five patients who survived the acute disease and underwent plasma exchange (three with HUS and two with chronic relapsing TTP), subunits and fragments returned to normal values, and supranormal multimers were no longer detected in plasma. In conclusion, even though vWF proteolysis is enhanced in acute TTP/HUS, it does not lead to loss of larger multimers.