gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing the willingness to pay for on-farm water infrastructure (2019)

The use of on-farm surface water infrastructure for irrigation is a recommendation by water resource managers to address groundwater overdraft. A contingent valuation question estimates Arkansas producers9 willingness to pay (WTP) to convert farmland into an on-farm reservoir and tail-water recovery system. The estimated mean WTP to convert land into water storage is −US$1,748 ac<sup>−1</sup> (−US$4,319 ha<sup>−1</sup>), but this WTP varies substantially across farms by irrigation practice and perception of water scarcity. Producers who use conservation practices or live in water scarce regions have a mean WTP between US$5,279 to US$21,124 ac<sup>−1</sup> (US$13,045 to US$52,198 ha<sup>−1</sup>) while producers who do not use conservation practices or live in water abundant regions have a mean WTP between −US$7,424 and −US$12,025 ac<sup>−1</sup> (−US$18,345 to −US$29,714 ha<sup>−1</sup>). The significant variation in the WTP suggests that conservation programs would be more cost-effective by tailoring extension activities and government cost-shares to regional- and producer-specific characteristics.
Hydrophobic, Structure‐Tunable Cu Nanowire@Graphene Core–Shell Aerogels for Piezoresistive Pressure Sensing (2019)

Abstract Copper nanowires (CuNWs) are highly conductive yet low‐cost nanostructures for constructing piezoresistive pressure sensors. Rational design and controllable fabrication are essential steps toward high‐performance CuNW‐based sensors, and the oxidation tendency of CuNWs must be inhibited. Conducting and flexible CuNW@graphene (CuNW@G) core–shell aerogels are fabricated with tunable microstructures via a simple assembly followed by thermal annealing, in which the aerogel bulk density, surface wettability, Young's modulus, and electrical conductivity can be adjusted accordingly by varying the initial CuNW dispersion concentration. In particular, these core–shell aerogels convert from hydrophobic to superhydrophobic at higher CuNW concentration with reduced adhesion to water. In the range of investigated CuNW dispersion concentration, the chemical constituent and structure of as‐produced graphene shell is nearly the same, as is the aerogel's antioxidation stability. Based on the piezoresistivity of the core–shell aerogels, flexible pressure sensors operated at a bias voltage of 0.1 V are demonstrated, which can detect compressive stress as low as 640 Pa and exhibit fast response time less than 16 ms. Furthermore, polydimethylsiloxane‐encapsulated CuNW@G aerogels show an enhanced response and higher reversibility. A general and scalable strategy for developing aerogel‐typed piezoresistive pressure sensors with stable performance and low cost is presented.
Tracking the evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant of concern: analysis of genetic diversity and selection across the whole viral genome (2023)

Our findings demonstrated that viral genetic diversity continuously increased during and after the emergence of the Delta VOC. Despite this, Group B reports heightened negative selection, which potentially preserves important gene regions during evolution. Group C contains an unprecedented quantity of mutations and positively selected sites, providing strong evidence of active viral adaptation in the population.
Carbon-Decorated TiO2 Nanotube Membranes: A Renewable Nanofilter for Charge-Selective Enrichment of Proteins (2016)

In this work, we design a TiO2 nanomembrane (TiNM) that can be used as a nanofilter platform for selective enrichment of specific proteins. After a first use, the photocatalytic properties of TiO2 allow the decomposition of unwanted remnants on the substrate and thus make the platform reusable. To construct this platform, we fabricate a free-standing TiO2 nanotube array and remove the bottom oxide to form a both-end-open TiNM. By pyrolysis of the natural tube wall contamination, the walls become decorated with graphitic carbon patches (C/TiNM). Owing to the large surface area, the amphiphilic nature and the charge-adjustable character, this C/TiNM can be used to extract and enrich hydrophobic charged biomolecules. Using human serum albumin (HSA) as a model protein as well as protein mixtures, we show that the composite membrane exhibits a highly enhanced loading capacity and protein selectivity and is reusable after a short UV treatment.
Lanthanide tri-benzyl complexes: structural variations and useful precursors to phosphorus-stabilised lanthanide carbenes (2009)

Reaction of [Ln(I)3(THF)4] (Ln = Ce, Pr) or [Ln(I)3(THF)3.5] (Ln = Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Er) with three equivalents of [KBz] (Bz = CH2C6H5) at 0 °C afforded the corresponding lanthanide tri-benzyl complexes [Ln(Bz)3(THF)3] [Ln = Ce (2), Pr (3), Nd (4), Sm (5), Gd (6), Dy (7), Er (8) La (11)] in 48–75% crystalline yields, with the exception of the redox active samarium complex, which was isolated in poor (20%) yield. Complexes 2–8 were found to adopt distorted octahedral geometries, where the Bz and THF groups are bound in a mutually fac manner in the solid state. Although the series is structurally similar, classification of three structural types can be made on the basis of the lanthanide contraction: (i) complexes which exhibit three η2 Ln⋯Cipso contacts (1–4, 11); (ii) complexes which show one η2 Ln⋯Cipso contact (5); (iii) complexes with no multi-hapto interactions (6–8). For ytterbium, the mixed valence, YbII/YbIII complex [YbII(Bz)(THF)5]+[YbIII(Bz)4(THF)2]− (9) was reproducibly formed at 0 °C and −78 °C as a result of partial (50%) YbIII→ YbII reduction with concomitant formation of half an equivalent of 1,2-diphenylethane by oxidative coupling. Tri-valent [Yb(Bz)3(THF)3] (10) was apparently not formed. The synthetic utility of tri-benzyl lanthanide complexes 2–8 and 11 were tested in reactions with the bis-(iminophosphorano)methane H2C(PPh2NSiMe3)2 (H2-BIPM), which afforded [Ln(BIPM)(H-BIPM)] [Ln = La (12), Ce (13), Pr (14), Nd (15), Sm (16), Gd (17)] and [Ln(BIPM)(Bz)(THF)] [Ln = Dy (18), Er (19)]. Compounds 2–9 and 12–19 have been variously characterised by X-ray crystallography, multi-nuclear NMR spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, room temperature Evans method solution magnetic moments and CHN micro-analyses.
Intramolecular O,N-acyl transfer via cyclic intermediates of nine and twelve members. Models for extensions of the amine capture strategy for peptide synthesis (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular O,N-acyl transfer via cyclic intermediates of nine and twelve members. Models for extensions of the amine capture strategy for peptide synthesisD. S. Kemp, Daniel J. Kerkman, See-Lap Leung, and Gunnar HansonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 3, 490–498Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00316a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00316a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views436Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Relative Permeability of Petroleum Reservoirs (2018)

This book enables petroleum reservoir engineers to predict the flow of fluids within a hydrocarbon deposit. Laboratory techniques are described for both steady-state and unsteady state measurements, and the calculation of relative permeability from field data is illustrated. A discussion of techniques for determing wettability is included, along with theoretical and empirical methods for the calculation of relative permeability, and prediction techniques. Contents include: Measurement of Rock Relative Permeability; Two-Phase Relative Permeability; Factors Affecting Two-Phase Relative Permeability; Three-Phase Relative Permeability; and Index.
Heuristic Search for Multi-Objective Probabilistic Planning (2023)

Heuristic search is a powerful approach that has successfully been applied to a broad class of planning problems, including classical planning, multi-objective planning, and probabilistic planning modelled as a stochastic shortest path (SSP) problem. Here, we extend the reach of heuristic search to a more expressive class of problems, namely multi-objective stochastic shortest paths (MOSSPs), which require computing a coverage set of non-dominated policies. We design new heuristic search algorithms MOLAO* and MOLRTDP, which extend well-known SSP algorithms to the multi-objective case. We further construct a spectrum of domain-independent heuristic functions differing in their ability to take into account the stochastic and multi-objective features of the problem to guide the search. Our experiments demonstrate the benefits of these algorithms and the relative merits of the heuristics.
A Graphical Analysis of Bundling (1995)

By comparing the demand for a bundle and the vertical sum of the demands for its components, this article analyzes the profitability and welfare consequences of bundling. If it does not lower costs, bundling tends to be profitable when reservation values are negatively correlated and high relative to costs. If bundling lowers costs and costs are high relative to average reservation values, positively correlated reservation values increase the incentive to bundle. Bundling and charging a price equal to the sum of the components' prices lowers consumer surplus. Bundling can, however, increase consumer surplus when it results in lower prices. Copyright 1995 by University of Chicago Press.
Flow Cytometric Analysis of Cellular Berberine Contents in High- and Low-Producing Cell Lines ofCoptis japonicaObtained by Repeated Selection (1989)

Cell lines that were highly productive for berberine were selected by repeated cloning of small cell aggregates. The berberine content of the highest-producing cell line increased after 4 clonings to 10% dw in comparison to the 3% dw found for the parent line, and the berberine yield was about 1,500 mg/1/14 days. There was no increase in berberine yield after the fifth cloning. Low-producing cell lines also appeared, even as the progeny of a highly productive cell line. We investigated the function of clonal selection in the enhancement of cellular berberine production. Flow cytometric analysis showed that high- and low-producing cell lines gave the fluorescence derived from the berberine contents of individual cells over essentially the same range of fluorescent intensity; but, the mode of fluorescence distribution shifted to a higher intensity with the increase in the berberine content of a cell line. This enhancement of berberine production because of cell selection must, therefore, be caused by a number of cells in a population that have high alkaloid contents, not by a uniform increase in the berberine content of all the cells.
Morphological and Optical Characterization of Polyelectrolyte Multilayers Incorporating Nanocrystalline Cellulose (2006)

Aqueous layer-by-layer (LbL) processing was used to create polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) nanocomposites containing cellulose nanocrystals and poly(allylamine hydrochloride). Solution-dipping and spin-coating assembly methods gave smooth, stable, thin films. Morphology was studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and film growth was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ellipsometry, and optical reflectometry. Relatively few deposition cycles were needed to give full surface coverage, with film thicknesses ranging from 10 to 500 nm. Films prepared by spin-coating were substantially thicker than solution-dipped films and displayed radial orientation of the rod-shaped cellulose nanocrystals. The relationship between film color and thickness is discussed according to the principles of thin film interference and indicates that the iridescent properties of the films can be easily tailored in this system.
A100 PANCREASTATIN WORSENS INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION BY INDUCING CLASSICALLY ACTIVATED MACROPHAGES (M1) THROUGH SUPPRESSION OF STAT3 (2018)

Chromogranin-A (CHGA) levels are increased in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and murine models of colitis. CHGA is cleaved in several peptides including the immunoregulatory pancreastatin (PST: CHGA273-301), which encodes by CHGA exon-VII. Classically activated macrophages (M1) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 play significant roles in the pathophysiology of IBD. Previously we showed that Chga-knockout mice (Chga-/-) exhibited a significant decrease in the severity of colitis correlated with a reduction of M1 activity. we aimed to investigate the activity of PST in patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC) and the underlying mechanisms in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis using Chga-/- mice to define the effect on macrophages activation and migration Serum and colonic protein levels of PST were quantified in Patients with UC & healthy individuals. Expression of CHGA Exon-VII expressing PST and its correlation with M1 markers (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1) and STAT3 levels were determined in human colonic tissues. Colitis was induced in Chga+/+ and Chga-/- mice by administrating DSS (5%, 5 days). PST treatment (2.5 mg/kg/day) or vehicle (Phosphate Buffered-Saline 1%) started 1-day before colitis induction and lasted for 5-days. Disease activity index, macroscopic scores, and serum C-reactive protein were evaluated. Colonic M1 markers and phosphorylated STAT3 levels were assessed using ELISA/RT-qPCR. PST (200ng/ml) treated-naïve peritoneal macrophages were exposed for 6 h to LPS (100ng/ml) to promote M1. M1 markers were quantified. In vitro chemotaxis activity of PST (200ng/ml) on naïve macrophages were assessed by transwell migration assay using MCP-1 (30ng/ml) as a chemoattractant. Patients with UC exhibited a 10-fold increase in colonic and serum levels of PST compared with healthy individuals. PTS also positively correlated with proinflammatory macrophages (M1) mediators and negatively with STAT3. Experimentally, colonic levels of PST elevated in Chga+/+ mice with DSS-induced colitis. Administration of PST worsened the severity of colitis associated with an increase of M1 macrophages cytokine and chemokines, and a decrease of STAT3 level in Chga+/+ and Chga-/- mice. In vitro, peritoneal M1 associated cytokines significantly increased in PST-conditioned Chga-/- M1 that linked to a reduction in STAT3 level. In undifferentiated macrophages, PST dramatically enhanced macrophages migration. The aggravation of intestinal inflammation exists only in the presence of PST, and its absence leads to a reduction of disease severity, a decrease of M1 activation and an increase in STAT3. Targeting PST may lead to a novel therapeutic strategy in IBD. CCC, CIHRResearch Manitoba, Canada
The effect of silver nanocomposite packaging based on melt mixing and sol–gel methods on shelf life extension of fresh chicken stored at 4 °C (2019)

Abstract In the present study, seven types of films were produced using different proportions of polyethylene containing silver, clay, and titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Following the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration of the films in the eradication of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli , the film containing 5% silver nanoparticles and 5% titanium dioxide nanoparticles was found to have the highest antimicrobial property and was determined to be an ideal cover for food products. The antibacterial effect of the films on the shelf life extension and quality of the chicken stored at 4 °C in the Days 1, 3, and 5 of the experiment was checked. The structure and morphology of the nanoparticles and the selected films were evaluated using a field emission scanning electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering. The analysis of the results indicated that the most appropriate inhibition growth was observed with S. aureus and E. coli in nutrient agar and the largest diameter of the radial inhibition zone occurred with S. aureus . Moreover, the analysis of variance showed that the effect of different concentrations of silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles was significant ( p &lt; .05). The results of this study showed that the produced nanocomposite was used to preserve chicken meat for 5 days at 4 °C inhibited the growth of both types of bacteria. Practical applications Nowadays production of active packaging is increasing worldwide as they were proved to have numerous effects on inhibiting of microbial growth and even bactericidal effects. Therefore, a wide variety of food producers in different sections namely agriculture, dairy, and meat industries have applied nanopackaging using different nanoparticles. Thus, more research on different physicochemical and antimicrobial effects are needed.
Summary Abstract: Preparation of polymer molecules for examination by scanning tunneling microscopy (1988)

First Page
A Polymorphism in C-C Chemokine Receptor 5 (CCR5) Associates with Löfgren’s Syndrome and Alters Receptor Expression as well as Functional Response (2021)

C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) and polymorphisms in <i>CCR5</i> gene are associated with sarcoidosis and Löfgren's syndrome. Löfgren's syndrome is an acute and usually self-remitting phenotype of sarcoidosis. We investigated whether the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1799987 is associated with susceptibility for Löfgren's syndrome and has an effect on CCR5 expression on monocytes and function of CCR5. A total of 106 patients with Löfgren's syndrome and 257 controls were genotyped for rs1799987. Expression of CCR5 on monocytes was measured by flowcytometry. We evaluated calcium influx kinetics following stimulation upon N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α) on monocytes by measuring the median fluorescence intensity (MFI). The frequency of the G allele of rs1799987 was significantly higher in Löfgren's syndrome than in healthy controls (<i>p</i> = 0.0015, confidence interval (CI) 1.22-2.32, odds ratio (OR) 1.680). Patients with a GG genotype showed higher CCR5 expression on monocytes than patients with the AA genotype (<i>p</i> = 0.026). A significantly (<i>p</i> = 0.027) lower count of patients with the GG genotype showed a calcium influx reaction to simulation upon MIP-1 α, compared with patients with the AA genotype. The rs1799987 G allele in <i>CCR5</i> gene is associated with susceptibility to Löfgren's syndrome and with quantitative and qualitative changes in CCR5, potentially effecting the inflammatory response.
Development of Water Chemistry Diagnostic System for BWRs Using Fuzzy Reasoning. (1994)

Abstract A diagnostic system for BWR water chemistry has been developed incorporating high-speed fuzzy reasoning, holding in view preventive maintenance as principal objective. The system combines two expert systems—one for detecting an anomaly in the plant operating condition and quickly inferring its cause in a preliminary analysis, and the other performing a detailed diagnosis of the detected anomaly. The system for anomaly detection and quick preliminary diagnosis infers the occurrence of various anomalies and their causes from the fuzzy relation existing between the fuzzy causes and symptoms, applying a high-speed method for solving the inverse problem of fuzzy correspondence. The system can be run on a small size computer, and is thus conveniently adapted to practical application at machine side. The system for detailed diagnosis incorporates the expertise of water chemistry engineers, and outputs pertinent information and data to guide operators. Trial application of the system using data from actual plant operation conclusively demonstrated its effectiveness as a practical preventive maintenance system for actual plants. KEYWORDS: water chemistryBWR type reactorsfuzzy logicinverse problemanomaly detectionexpert systemsdiagnostic systemconductivitychlorinecondensate demineralizer
Post hoc efficacy and safety analysis of insulin glargine/lixisenatide fixed- ratio combination in North American patients compared with the rest of world (2019)

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02058147 and NCT02058160.
Autologous intramyocardial injection of cultured skeletal muscle-derived stem cells in patients with non-acute myocardial infarction (2003)

In patients with old myocardial infarction, treatment with skeletal myoblast in conjunction with coronary artery bypass is safe and feasible and is associated with an increased global and regional left ventricular function,improvement in the viability of cardiac tissue in the infarct area and no induction of arrhythmias.
Low temperature (150 to 250/sup 0/C) deposition of n/sup +/ and p/sup +/ microcrystalline silicon for VLSI device contacts (1983)

The rf glow discharge decomposition of dilute mixtures (approx.1%) of SiH/sub 4/ in H/sub 2/, with suitable doping agents such as PH/sub 3/ or B/sub 2/H/sub 6/ added, produces n/sup +/ and p/sup +/ microcrystalline (..mu..c) silicon films with resistivities (Rho) in the 10/sup -1/ ..omega.. cm range at exceedingly low substrate temperatures T/sub s/ (150-250/sup 0/C). The ..mu..c-Si films consist of two phases with crystalline clusters embedded in an amorphous matrix. The films are stable when temperature-cycled in the 30-400/sup 0/C range and the resistivity decreases when annealed above the original deposition temperature. A model of microcrystalline film growth involving the reactions between the gas phase radicals and the growing film surface is proposed. 11 references, 4 figures, 1 table.
Identification of Increased Blood Brain Barrier Permeability in the Visual Cortex of the HIV-1Transgenic Rat (2022)

Journal Article Identification of Increased Blood Brain Barrier Permeability in the Visual Cortex of the HIV-1Transgenic Rat Get access Myla Worthington, Myla Worthington Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sumiko Williams, Sumiko Williams Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Francesca Benedetti, Francesca Benedetti Institute of Human Virology University of Maryland Baltimore MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Davide Zella, Davide Zella Institute of Human Virology University of Maryland Baltimore MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Harry Davis, Harry Davis Institute of Human Virology University of Maryland Baltimore MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Joseph Bryant, Joseph Bryant Institute of Human Virology University of Maryland Baltimore MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Frank Denaro Frank Denaro Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore MD Corresponding author: frank.denaro@morgan.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 28, Issue S1, 1 August 2022, Pages 2950–2951, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927622011059 Published: 01 August 2022