gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimated radiation pneumonitis risk after photon versus proton therapy alone or combined with chemotherapy for lung cancer (2011)

The low dose bath from highly conformal photon techniques may become relevant for lung toxicity when radiation is combined with cytotoxic chemotherapy as shown here. Proton therapy allows highly conformal delivery while minimizing the low dose bath potentially interacting with chemotherapy. Thus, intensive drug-radiation combinations could be an interesting indication for selecting patients for proton therapy. It is likely that the IMRT plans would perform better if the CERD was accounted for during optimization, but more clinical data is required to facilitate evidence-based plan optimization in the multi-modality setting.
Synthesis and Characterization of Platinum on Carbon Nanoparticles Selectively Coated with Titanium Nitride (TiN) (2021)

Here we propose a novel way to prevent the insidious effect of carbon corrosion in a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) by depositing a corrosion-resistant layer (~1.5 nm thick) of Titanium Nitride (TiN) on the carbon substrate of platinum on carbon (Pt/C) catalyst (in powder state), leaving the Pt catalyst centers uncoated and accessible for reagents reactions (oxygen O2 and H+ protons). The deposition was carried out at 150°C with a Hollow-Cathode Plasma-Assisted Atomic Layer Deposition (HCPA-ALD) using Tetrakis(dimethylamino)titanium (IV) (TDMAT) as the metal precursor in Ar/N2 plasma, from which nitrogen was used as co-reactant. Additionally, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) characterization allowed us to prove the successful formation of a homogenous coating on these nanoparticles and electrochemical characterization performed with a Rotating Disc Electrode (RDE) further confirmed the activity and effectiveness of our designed catalyst. Preliminary results have shown that highly conformal TiN can be successfully grown onto Pt/C nanoparticles by using HCPA-ALD with a custom-made agitator mechanism.
Effects of ambient gas in beam drift space on performance of high brightness and low energy ion beam (1995)

Effects of the ambient gas in the ion drift space on the transport property of the low energy (155 eV) and high brightness beam are studied experimentally. A bucket ion source with single-aperture triode extraction is used. Beam characteristics such as the divergence angle and the current density are improved by the increase in the ambient gas pressure in the high brightness beam (high deceleration voltage, −2000 V), but not in the low brightness beam (low deceleration voltage, −600 V). The beam spreading due to the space charge of the ion beam is seen at the low ambient gas pressure when the central current density, which is measured at 35 cm downstream side from the electrode system, exceeds 5 μA/cm2. The electron density in the ion-beam plasma increases with the ambient gas pressure, but the space charge is not sufficiently neutralized by the electrons produced by the ambient gas atom ionization.
Antiplatelet Therapy in Stable Coronary Artery Disease (2014)

Chronic stable angina (CSA) is the most common manifestation of ischemic heart disease in the developed world and is associated with impaired quality of life and increased mortality. It is a clinical syndrome, generally the expression of an imbalance between myocardial oxygen demand and supply. Medical treatment must be focused on symptoms release and, basically, on the improvement of patient prognosis by reducing the incidence of thrombotic complications, such as acute myocardial infarction (MI) and death. Antiplatelet agents play a definitive role in the prevention of ischemic events in patients at high risk such as patients with CSA. In this chapter, we analyzed the best antiplatelet agents indicated in this population.
Cardiovascular disease and mortality in ESRD. (1999)

Cardiovascular disease is the major killer in ESRD. Cardiovascular death risk is at least an order of magnitude higher in ESRD patients, even after adjusting for age and diabetic status. Cardiac failure is a rapidly lethal condition in ESRD patients which appears to mediate much of the adverse prognostic impact of ischemic heart disease. Left ventricular abnormalities are present at initiation of dialysis in about 80% of dialysis patients. These are very highly predictive of future ischemic heart disease, cardiac failure, and death after 2 years on dialysis therapy. Regression of these abnormalities improves prognosis. The associations between many classical risk factors like hyperlipidemia, smoking and hypertension and cardiac outcomes in ESRD are inconsistent. Many factors unique to ESRD and its therapy may be important. In our prospective 10 year study of 433 patients starting dialysis, the following were major risk factors for cardiac disease: hypertension (concentric LVH, LV dilatation, de novo ischemic heart disease, de novo cardiac failure, inverse relationship with mortality); anemia (LV dilatation, de novo cardiac failure and death); hypoalbuminemia (de novo ischemic heart disease, de novo cardiac failure and death). LV abnormalities tended to worsen on dialysis and improve after transplantation suggesting that a uremic environment is cardiotoxic. Many risk factors act in concert to produce cardiovascular disease in ESRD. Many can be treated, suggesting that the huge burden of disease can be reduced considerably.
La compressibilité statique et dynamique des grandes cavités souterraines. (1998)

No abstract provided
Spatio-temporal dynamics and laterality effects of face inversion, feature presence and configuration, and face outline (2014)

Although a crucial role of the fusiform gyrus (FG) in face processing has been demonstrated with a variety of methods, converging evidence suggests that face processing involves an interactive and overlapping processing cascade in distributed brain areas. Here we examine the spatio-temporal stages and their functional tuning to face inversion, presence and configuration of inner features, and face contour in healthy subjects during passive viewing. Anatomically-constrained magnetoencephalography (aMEG) combines high-density whole-head MEG recordings and distributed source modeling with high-resolution structural MRI. Each person's reconstructed cortical surface served to constrain noise-normalized minimum norm inverse source estimates. The earliest activity was estimated to the occipital cortex at ~100 ms after stimulus onset and was sensitive to an initial coarse level visual analysis. Activity in the right-lateralized ventral temporal area (inclusive of the FG) peaked at ~160 ms and was largest to inverted faces. Images containing facial features in the veridical and rearranged configuration irrespective of the facial outline elicited intermediate level activity. The M160 stage may provide structural representations necessary for downstream distributed areas to process identity and emotional expression. However, inverted faces additionally engaged the left ventral temporal area at ~180 ms and were uniquely subserved by bilateral processing. This observation is consistent with the dual route model and spared processing of inverted faces in prosopagnosia. The subsequent deflection, peaking at ~240 ms in the anterior temporal areas bilaterally, was largest to normal, upright faces. It may reflect initial engagement of the distributed network subserving individuation and familiarity. These results support dynamic models suggesting that processing of unfamiliar faces in the absence of a cognitive task is subserved by a distributed and interactive neural circuit.
Computer-Aided Synthesis of Microscale Electrophoretic Separation Systems in Confined Areas (2003)

Complex designs result from the desire to create compact microscale electrophoretic devices in confined chip areas. Knowledge of how the interconnectivity of electrophoretic channel sections effects chip performance is necessary to develop feasible and efficient designs. In this paper, we demonstrate an approach for the design and synthesis of microscale electrophoretic systems using computer aided simulation and optimization. We have investigated serpentine and spiral channel topologies which are commonly found in the literature. This approach is demonstrated for the design of systems in confined areas as well as the design of systems that utilize minimal area. Device performance will be evaluated in terms of plate number and resolution and limited by available voltage, detector and fabrication constraints.
Atmosphere Structure Instruments on the Four Pioneer Venus Entry Probes (1980)

Measurements of temperature, pressure, and deceleration during descent, and of deceleration during high speed entry of the tour Pioneer Venus entry probes were used to define the structure, and differences in structure of the atmosphere of Venus at the four widely separated entry sites. This paper describes the sensors and steps taken to realize highly accurate measurements in the design and selection of the sensors and analog electronics.
Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides in the Differential Regulation of Steroidogenesis in Adrenocortical-Chromaffin Co-Cultures (2000)

Adrenocortical steroidogenesis is regulated in addition to a central regulation via the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis by intra-adrenal mechanisms involving the adrenal medulla. We could previously show that adrenocortical steroidogenesis is stimulated by co-culturing bovine adrenocortical cells with medullary chromaffin cells. This stimulation was due to soluble factors released from the chromaffin cells under basal, unstimulated conditions and involved the increased expression of P450 enzymes, StAR and de novo protein synthesis. In the present study we analyzed the differential regulation of the three cortical zones and characterized secretagogues involved in this stimulation. While cortisol and androstenedione release were increased 10 fold by incubation with chromaffin cell-conditioned medium, aldosterone secretion was not influenced. 80% of the stimulation proved to be due to adrenomedullary epinephrine, norepinephrine, ACTH, PACAP and PG-dependent mechanisms. Other adrenomedullary secretory products, serotonin, Met-enkephalin, Leu-enkephalin, galanin, CGRP, substance P, VIP or NPY did not stimulate steroidogenesis in this system. Our data show that adrenomedullary cells differentially regulate the three adrenocortical zones. This stimulation predominantly depended on epinephrine, norepinephrine, PACAP, and ACTH released from the chromaffin cells and prostaglandin-dependent mechanisms such as interleukin-1.
An Investigation of the Antiviral Activity of Podophyllum peltatum (1982)

The antiviral activity of an aqueous extract of Podophyllum peltatum was investigated. The extract was fractionated by reversed-phase chromatography, and podophyllotoxin was found to be the most active component in inhibiting the replication of measles and herpes simplex type I viruses. beta-Peltatin and desoxypodophyllotoxin produced marginal antiviral effects, while alpha-peltatin and picropodophyllotoxin were inactive at the levels tested.
An Efficient Memory-Mapped Key-Value Store for Flash Storage (2018)

Persistent key-value stores have emerged as a main component in the data access path of modern data processing systems. However, they exhibit high CPU and I/O overhead. Today, due to power limitations it is important to reduce CPU overheads for data processing.
Algunas reflexiones sobre el informe del Pacto de Toledo y los planes del Gobierno en materia de pensiones (2021)

El reciente informe de la Comision del Pacto de Toledo y el proyecto de Presupuestos Generales del Estado de 2021 marcan el inicio de una reforma del sistema publico de pensiones que desmantela los mecanismos de control automatico del crecimiento del gasto que constituian el nucleo de su antecesora. Este giro de timon se justifica en parte mediante un diagnostico voluntariosamente optimista de la situacion financiera actual y de las perspectivas futuras de nuestro sistema publico de pensiones contributivas y/o de la capacidad del Estado para inyectar los recursos adicionales que pudieran ser necesarios para mantener el sistema actual sin grandes cambios. En el presente articulo se cuestionan estas conclusiones y se aboga por una politica de pensiones mas cauta que la que esta planteando el Gobierno.
Sweden: The Enemy Is Within (1995)

In echo virus type 25/JV-4 the shut off of host cell protein synthesis took significantly longer and the kinetics of the synthesis of viral proteins and viral RNA occurred much later than in the poliovirus. However, these characteristics impaired neither polyprotein processing nor virus production in the JV-4 strain. In contrast the two wild strains M.1262 and Th.222 had a lower virus yield than strain JV-4. The presence of a high Mr protein in the pattern of viral proteins of wild strains suggested that a defect in the polyprotein processing was responsible for the decreased virus yield. The infectious cycle of strain Th.222 differed from that of strains JV-4 and M.1262 in the rapid inhibition of host cell translation and the extent of viral protein synthesis. The sensitivity to actinomycin D was also investigated. Strain M.1262 was found to be insensitive. The virus yield of strains JV-4 and Th.222 was three- and fourfold lower respectively in the presence of actinomycin D. This sensitivity to the antibiotic was observed during viral RNA synthesis in strain JV-4 and during viral protein synthesis in strain Th.222. These results suggest that cellular factors are involved in the replication of echo virus type 25 strains in MRC5 cells.
Comparison of two robust PCA methods for damage detection in presence of outliers (2011)

Statistical methods such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are suffering from contaminated data. For instance, variance and covariance as vital parts of PCA method are sensitive to anomalous observation called outliers. Outliers, who are usually, appear due to experimental errors, are observations that lie at a considerable distance from the bulk of the observations. An effective way to deal with this problem is to apply a robust, i.e. not sensitive to outliers, variant of PCA. In this work, two robust PCA methods are used instead of classical PCA in order to construct a model using data in presence of outliers to detect and distinguish damages in structures. The comparisons of the results shows that, the use of the mentioned indexes based on the robust models, distinguish the damages much better than using classical one, and even in many cases allows the detection where classic PCA is not able to discern between damaged and non-damaged structure. In addition, two robust methods are compared with each other and their features are discussed. This work involves experiments with an aircraft turbine blade using piezoelectric transducers as sensors and actuators and simulated damages.
Calibration and Orientation of Cameras in Computer Vision (2002)

One of my greatest hates is the edited book with chapters from a number of different authors, some of which have evidently been written in haste against the final deadline, and most of which show marked divergence of content, opinion, notation and presentation. I am very relieved to be able to say that, though edited, this volume does not fall into this stereotype, in spite - or perhaps partly because - of the relatively few authors who have contributed to it. Indeed, it falls into the category of a profound study of one major, topical aspect of machine (or computer) vision, and provides suitable contrasts which display the complexities of this subject area, while at the same time bringing the reader to a clear understanding of the problems, the principles and the ways in which solutions can be found. With seven main chapters (the first `chapter' is only a five-page overview of the others, and there is no concluding chapter), it is surprising how much is packed into the volume and how skilfully the overlapping themes have been brought together - illustrating in fact that these themes are core to the subject and at the same time showing from different perspectives how they can be handled. Perhaps most important amongst these recurring themes are the roles of robust algorithms and robust statistics, the problems of ambiguity and (for example) `dangerous surfaces', the problems of focusing (which severely affects camera calibration), the importance of nonlinear distortions (which in high accuracy work absolutely have to be corrected for) and, naturally, the measurement of camera parameters (which are, as is now standard, divided into `internal' and `external' parameters). This skilful compilation is particularly welcome considering that in the Preface the Editor states `This is not a textbook. Therefore, it is neither consistent in diction nor content.'
A Systematic Review of Reviews Evaluating Technology-Enabled Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (2017)

Technology-enabled diabetes self-management solutions significantly improve A1c. The most effective interventions incorporated all the components of a technology-enabled self-management feedback loop that connected people with diabetes and their health care team using 2-way communication, analyzed patient-generated health data, tailored education, and individualized feedback. The evidence from this systematic review indicates that organizations, policy makers and payers should consider integrating these solutions in the design of diabetes self-management education and support services for population health and value-based care models. With the widespread adoption of mobile phones, digital health solutions that incorporate evidence-based, behaviorally designed interventions can improve the reach and access to diabetes self-management education and ongoing support.
Hydrothermal synthesis of single-crystalline mesoporous beta zeolite assisted by N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (2014)

A novel synthesis of single-crystalline mesoporous beta zeolite with high catalytic activities by addition of low-cost <italic>N</italic>-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) into a conventional TEAOH-based zeolite synthesis system.
Intra-operative OCT (iOCT) Super Resolution: A Two-Stage Methodology Leveraging High Quality Pre-operative OCT Scans (2022)

Regenerative therapies have recently shown potential in restoring sight lost due to degenerative diseases. Their efficacy requires precise intra-retinal delivery, which can be achieved by robotic systems accompanied by high quality visualization of retinal layers. Intra-operative Optical Coherence Tomography (iOCT) captures cross-sectional retinal images in real-time but with image quality that is inadequate for intra-retinal therapy delivery. This paper proposes a two-stage super-resolution methodology that enhances the image quality of the low resolution (LR) iOCT images leveraging information from pre-operatively acquired high-resolution (HR) OCT (preOCT) images. First, we learn the degradation process from HR to LR domain through CycleGAN and use it to generate pseudo iOCT (LR) images from the HR preOCT ones. Then, we train a Pix2Pix model on the pairs of pseudo iOCT and preOCT to learn the super-resolution mapping. Quantitative analysis using both full-reference and no-reference image quality metrics demonstrates that our approach clearly outperforms the learning-based state-of-the art techniques with statistical significance. Achieving iOCT image quality comparable to pre-OCT quality can help this medical imaging modality be established in vitreoretinal surgery, without requiring expensive hardware-related system updates.
Generation and characterization of a recombinant/chimeric B72.3 (human gamma 1). (1991)

We report here the generation and characterization of a recombinant/chimeric construct of murine gamma 1 monoclonal antibody (MAb) B72.3, containing the murine variable region and a human gamma 1 constant region [designated cB72.3(gamma i)]. cB72.3(gamma 1) was generated by first isolating functionally rearranged VH and VL genes of B72.3 from partial genomic libraries in phage vectors. Construction of mouse-human chimeric heavy and light chain genes was performed by inserting restriction fragments carrying VL and VH regions of B72.3 into unique sites of expression vectors which contains sequences encoding constant regions of human kappa and gamma 1, respectively. The expression constructs were subsequently electroporated into SP2/0 cells. The transfected SP2/0 murine cell line has been shown to synthesize cB72.3(gamma 1) at a level of 10-20 micrograms/ml. Reciprocal competition radioimmunoassays demonstrated that cB72.3(gamma 1), a previously described cB72.3(gamma 4), and native B72.3 (designated nB72.3) competed similarly. A rat anti-idiotype MAb made against nB72.3 was shown to bind equally well to cB72.3(gamma 1) and to the nB72.3. Immunochemical studies of the nB72.3, cB72.3(gamma 4), and cB72.3(gamma 1) revealed slight differences in size among the three MAb forms on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels and revealed a higher isoelectric point for the cB72.3(gamma 1). Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity experiments using human lymphokine-activated killer effector cells indicated better tumor cell killing by the cB72.3(gamma 1) than the nB72.3 or cB72.3(gamma 4). Dual label studies of coinjected cB72.3(gamma 1) and nB72.3 revealed that both MAbs could efficiently localize human tumor xenografts in athymic mice. Pharmacokinetic studies, analyzing the blood clearance of cB72.3(gamma 1), cB72.3(gamma 4), and nB72.3 in mice, showed that the nB72.3 beta phase of clearance was slower than that of other MAb forms. However, when the pharmacokinetic patterns of these three MAbs forms were analyzed in monkeys, the cB72.3(gamma 1) and the nB72.3 showed similar clearance curves, while the cB72.3(gamma 4) showed a much slower plasma clearance. In view of the binding properties of nB72.3 and its ability to localize a range of carcinomas in clinical trials, the studies reported here demonstrate that the cB72.3(gamma 1) may serve as a potentially useful diagnostic and/or therapeutic reagent.
Cytological studies of early stages of powdery mildew in barley and wheat. VI. Antagonistic effects of calcium and lithium on the infection of coleoptiles of barley by Erysiphe graminis hordei (1979)

Earlier researchers have shown that the susceptibility of barley to infection by Erysiphe graminis hordei is enhanced by calcium ions but inhibited by lithium. Some effects of these ions on the infection process of E. graminis hordei in coleoptiles of barley were investigated in this study. Whereas 1 mM lithium chloride inhibited appressorial formation considerably and haustorial formation completely, these effects were totally offset by 10 mM calcium chloride. Moreover, whereas 5 and 10 mM lithium chloride inhibited both appressorial and haustorial formation completely, the former was offset considerably by 10 mM calcium chloride, but the latter was not.Sequential calcium chloride − lithium chloride or lithium chloride − calcium chloride treatments carried out at different times and for various durations showed that events occurring in coleoptiles 11 to 13 h after inoculation were most vulnerable to the treatments. These events correspond to infection stages involving the development of cytoplasmic aggregates, papillae, and haustoria. The data suggest that the two ions in question might compete for a common binding site in a reaction(s) associated with certain stages of appressorial and haustorial development.