gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A combinatorial neural network exhibiting episodic and semantic memory properties for spatio-temporal patterns (1997)

A model is described in which three types of memory--episodic memory, complex sequence memory and semantic memory--coexist within a single distributed associative memory. Episodic memory stores traces of specific events. Its basic properties are: high capacity, single-trial learning, memory trace permanence, and ability to store non-orthogonal patterns. Complex sequence memory is the storage of sequences in which states can recur multiple times: e.g. (A B B A C B A). Semantic memory is general knowledge of the degree of featural overlap between the various objects and events in the world. The model's initial version, TEMECOR-I, exhibits episodic and complex sequence memory properties for both uncorrelated and correlated spatio-temporal patterns. Simulations show that its capacity increases approximately quadratically with the size of the model. An enhanced version of the model, TEMECOR-II, adds semantic memory properties.
The TEMECOR-I model is a two-layer network that uses a sparse, distributed internal representation (IR) scheme in its layer two (L2). Noise and competition allow the IRs of each input state to be chosen in a random fashion. This randomness effects an orthogonalization in the input-to-IR mapping, thereby increasing capacity. Successively activated IRs are linked via Hebbian learning in a matrix of horizontal synapses. Each L2 cell participates in numerous episodic traces. A variable threshold prevents interference between traces during recall.
The random choice of IRs in TEMECOR-I precludes the continuity property of semantic memory: that there be a relationship between the similarity (degree of overlap) of two IRs and the similarity of the corresponding inputs. To create continuity in TEMECOR-II, the choice of the IR is a function of both noise ($\Lambda$) and signals propagating in the L2 horizontal matrix and input-to-IR map. These signals are deterministic and shaped by prior experience. On each time slice, TEMECOR-II computes an expected input based on the history-dependent influences, then computes the difference between the expected and actual inputs. When the current situation is completely familiar, $\Lambda$ = 0 and the choice of IRs is determined by the history-dependent influences. The resulting IR has large overlap with previously-used IRs. As perceived novelty increases, so does $\Lambda$, with the result that the overlap between the chosen IR and any previously-used IRs decreases.
Performance analysis of DQDB behaviour with priority levels (2002)

The bandwidth balancing method (BBM) introduced into the latest versions of the DQDB protocol is discussed. An extended analysis is presented of the behavior of the protocol with the BBM incorporated, assuming that more than one priority level is active in the network. The results are oriented towards evaluation of the effect the BBM has on access delay and bandwidth sharing in overload conditions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Miniaturized Flow Stacked Immunoassay for Detecting Escherichia coli in a Single Step (2016)

Commercially available systems that provide cost-effective, fast, simple, and portable solutions for health and environmental applications are few despite advancements in bioassays and biosensor research. We have developed a new system based on stacked membranes, each layer with a specific function. Samples were added onto the bottom-most layer, and as each layer becomes wet, the analyte pushes through to the next membrane layers. During migration, the analyte attaches with the corresponding antibody, itself conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to produce a measurable signal. To prevent false positive results, blocking layer membranes are added to stop unbound antibodies from reaching the top membrane. Thus, only analyte/antibody-HRP complex will generate a signal. In order to prove this concept, Escherichia coli was used as the target analyte. After optimization, our immunoassay sensitivity was adjusted to 100 cells mL(-1). Different environmental water sources were also tested to demonstrate the sensitivity and specificity of our proposed stacked bioassay. Simplicity, low price, sensitivity, and modularity (capability to change to any target analyte) make this idea very promising for future commercialization.
Environmental stress cracking resistance of polyethylene: The use of CRYSTAF and SEC to establish structure-property relationships (2000)

Nineteen commercial high-density polyethylene resins made with different polymerization processes and catalyst types were analyzed by high-temperature size exclusion chromatography and crystallization analysis fractionation. The information obtained with these characterization techniques on the polymer chain structure was correlated to environmental stress cracking resistance. Environmental stress cracking resistance increases when the molecular weight and concentration of polymer chains that crystallize in trichlorobenzene between 75 and 85 °C increase. Polymer chains present in this crystallization range are assumed to act as tie molecules between crystal lamellae. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 1267–1275, 2000
Multimode Fibers for Compensating Intermodal Dispersion of Graded-Index Multimode Fibers (2004)

This paper proposes a novel type of multimode dispersion compensation fiber (MM-DCF) by which the intermodal dispersion of multimode fibers (MMFs) can be effectively compensated. A theoretical model that precisely calculates the group velocities of a target MMF and its MM-DCF and the power coupling between the two fibers is applied to confirm the proposal presented here. As a demonstration of the operation of the MM-DCF, an MMF optimized for transmission at a wavelength of 850 nm is compensated by the MM-DCF, and its overfilled launch bandwidth at a wavelength of 1300 nm is enhanced from 0.62 to 2.56GHz/spl middot/km.
Studies on Microbial Metabolisms of Sugar Nucleotides (1970)

Effects of various factors including incubation time, water content of airdried cells, concentration and pH of KH2PO4–K2HPO4 mixture, d-glucose concentration, MgSO4 concentration, GMP concentration, cell concentration, aeration and various kinds of carbohydrates on the fermentative production of GDP-mannose, GDP and GTP from 5′-GMP by air-dried cells of baker’s yeast were investigated. The water content of air-dried cells was the most important factor in the fermentation. When the air-dried cells of baker’s yeast (100 mg/ml) were incubated with 5′-GMP (20 μmoles/ml), d-glucose (800 μmoles/ml), potassium phosphate buffer (360 μmoles/ml, pH 7.0), and MgSO4 (20 μmoles/ml), 2-hr incubation gave GDP in 20% yield and GTP in 61.1% yield, GDP-mannose being produced in 45% yield after 8-hr incubation. The phosphorylation of 5′-AMP, 5′-dAMP, 5′-dGMP 5′-CMP and 5′-UMP was also observed in high yields under the same conditions.
Fast identification of robust dependent path delay faults (1995)

Recently, it has been shown in [1] and [2] that in order to verify the correct timing of a manufactured circuit not all of its paths need to be considered for delay testing. In this paper, a theory is developed which puts the work of these papers into a common framework, thus allowing for a better understanding of their relation. In addition, we consider the computational problem of identifying large sets of such not-necessary-to-test paths. Since the approach of [1] can only be applied for small scale circuits, we develop a new algorithm which trades quality of the result against computation time, and allows handling of large circuits with tens of millions of paths. Experimental results show that enormous improvements in running time are only paid for by a small decrease in quality.
Servicing and Real-Time Control of Networks With Dynamic Routing (1981)

The design of a network for dynamic routing is made using the forecasted network loads. Load uncertainties arising from errors in the forecast and from daily variations in network load give rise to reserve or idle network capacity not immediately needed by current network demands. The reserve capacity can be reduced by the use of more flexible dynamic routing methods, which allow routing flexibility to help control network flow under load uncertainties. We illustrate techniques for changing network routing patterns in planned and demand servicing to counteract the effects of forecast errors. Included in the benefits are a reduction in both reserve capacity, estimated to be about 5 percent of network first cost, and in trunk rearrangements. We also present call-by-call simulation results for real-time routing enhancements to the basic routing algorithms. The real-time routing algorithms use dynamic trunk reservation techniques, and the simulation results illustrate the improvement in network efficiency and performance under normal daily load variations, network overloads, and network failures.
Evaluation of Decision Rules for Referring Women for Bone Densitometry by Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (2001)

The SCORE and ORAI decision rules are better than the NOF guidelines at targeting BMD testing in high-risk patients. The acceptability of these rules in clinical practice merits further investigation given their potential effect on the use of densitometry services.
BeLearning: Designing accessible web applications. (2007)

Respiratory sensitization encompasses a group of diseases that manifest through airway hyperresponsiveness and airflow limitation. Although the concerns regarding human health, to date there are still no validated methods for preclinical assessment of this class of toxicants once the chemical respiratory allergy mechanistic framework is not fully understood. As Dendritic Cells (DCs) are the bridging elements between innate and adaptative immune responses, we preliminarily investigated the biological alterations triggered by seven different LMW respiratory allergens in the DC model THP-1. The results have shown that exposure to respiratory allergens promoted alterations in DCs maturation/activation status and triggered pro-inflammatory changes in these cells through increased expression for the CD86/HLA-DR/CD11c surface biomarkers and enhancement in IL-8 and IL-6 production by exposed THP-1 cells. Therefore, evidence was found to support the startpoint for chemical respiratory allergy pathogenesis elucidation, subsidizing the contribution of dendritic cells in such pathomechanisms.
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYLIDENE CARBENE GENERATION FROM TOSYLAZOALKENES AND SILYLVINYL TRIFLATES (1977)

Abstract Zur Herstellung von Alkyliden‐Carbenen (II) werden neue Methoden unter Verwendung der Vorstufen (I) oder (III) untersucht.
Novel and Efficient Chiral Bisphosphorus Ligands for Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation (2010)

A series of structurally novel, operationally convenient, and efficient chiral 2-phosphino-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d][1,3]oxaphosphole ligands was developed. Applications of ligands 3a and 3b in rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of alpha-(acylamino)acrylates and beta-(acylamino)acrylates provided excellent enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee) and reactivities (up to 10,000 TON).
Installation of dispersion-shifted fibre in the british telecom trunk network (1988)

Measurements are presented from the first installation of dispersion-shifted fibre into the British Telecom network. The cabled fibre performance is compared to that obtained in laboratory trials and analysed with respect to the fibre structure before and after installation.
Integrin-ligand interactions (1997)

Integrins provide cells with critical means of communication with their microenvironments. By linking events at the cell surface to a dynamic cytoskeleton-signaling complex, integrins enable cells to rapidly modify their mechanical and genetic machinery in response to environmental cues. This review highlights major advances made in understanding the structural basis of integrin-ligand interactions and their regulation.
High-power 100-fs SESAM-modelocked VESCEL (Conference Presentation) (2017)

Ultrafast vertical external-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VECSELs) are versatile laser sources and feature high-power operation. To date the best modelocking results have been achieved with a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM). Ultrafast optically pumped semiconductor disk lasers (SDLs) are compact, cost-efficient and provide excellent beam quality at gigahertz pulse repetition rates for applications such as for example multi-photon imaging, ultrafast communication and in particular self-referenced gigahertz frequency combs. The highest peak power obtained with an ultrafast VECSEL is 4.35 kW in 400-fs pulses and the shortest pulses until now are 107 fs at 3 mW average output power. Here we present a SESAM-modelocked VECSEL with pulses as short as 96 fs and 100 mW average output power. These are to the best of our knowledge the shortest pulses achieved by a fundamentally modelocked SDL and result in a very high peak power of 0.56 kW at a pulse repetition rate of 1.63 GHz. The short pulse duration was achieved by introducing a small amount of positive group delay dispersion with a single path through an external 2-mm thick ZnSe window plate that compensated the initially negatively chirped 107-fs output pulses. Currently the power is limited by the transition from fundamental modelocking to multi-pulse operation, which reduces the pulse peak power and introduces additional noise. Therefore, we present a study of the multi-pulse behavior of the high-power 100-fs SDL resulting from the complex modelocking mechanism. This study also provides an insight into special issues of pulse characterization that may suggest stable fundamental modelocking even if this is not the case.
Origin of ‘in-plane’ and ‘out-of-plane’ magnetic anisotropies in as-deposited and annealed CoFeB ferromagnetic thin films (2015)

A detailed comparative Ferromagnetic resonance study of pulsed laser deposited Co40Fe40B20 thin films, before and after annealing, was under taken. The dependence of resonance field (Hres) and peak-to-peak linewidth (ΔHpp) on film thickness, annealing temperature, and magnetic field orientation is examined. ‘In-plane’ (IP) and ‘out-of-plane’ (OP) angular dependence of the resonance fields, (IP:Hres(ψ); OP:Hres(α)), were measured at T = 150 and 295 K for the as deposited (as-) to annealed (an-) thin film samples to determine IP (HK∥) and OP (HK⊥) uniaxial anisotropy fields. Variation of Hres(ψ) and Hres(α) on sample geometry demonstrate that the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy is present in as- and an-thin films of Co40Fe40B20. The effective magnetic anisotropy (Kueff) increases after nanocrystallization in CoFeB films indicates that the exchange interactions are unable to average out the local-magnetocrystalline anisotropy of the nanocrystalline grains and thereby lead to magnetic hardening in the early stages of crystallization.
Tools for Management of Withering Syndrome in Abalone, Haliotis spp: PCR Detection and Feed-Based Therapeutic Treatment (2003)

Withering syndrome is a chronic, often fatal disease of multiple species of California abalone. It was first observed in the mid-1980s at the Channel Islands off Southern California and has since spread along the main coastline as far north as the San Francisco bay area. Recent research has demonstrated that the causative agent is a Rickettsiales-like prokaryote (WS-RLP, Friedman et al. 2000), and that WS expression is much more rapid and severe at elevated water temperatures (Moore et al. 2000). Aside from impacts on wild populations, WS has resulted in substantial losses in red abalone farms. As a result of these losses and our observation that the WS-RLP is sensitive to tetracyclines, we developed and oral administration of oxytetracycline in conjunction with researchers at The Abalone Farm, Inc.
[A possible same genetic defect in two Niemann-Pick disease model mice]. (1994)

We found two Niemann-Pick disease model mouse species, NCTR-BALB/c mouse and SPM mouse. NCTR-BALB/c mouse is known as a model mouse of Niemann-Pick disease type C, because cholesterol esterification is deficient in fibroblasts. On the other hand, SPM mouse has been thought as a model of Niemann-Pick disease type A. However, we disclosed cholesterol esterification in fibroblasts from SPM mice is also deficient. It indicates that two model mice could be caused by a same genetic deficiency. To test if the genetic defect of those mice are located in the same gene, we made NCTR-BALB/c mouse heterozygotes mate with SPM mouse heterozygotes. The F1 mice are investigated by lipid analysis, lysosomal enzyme assay, cholesterol esterification ratio, and electron microscopic study. Eleven in 42 F1 mice (25%) got affected, and the clinically affected F1 mice had the biological and morphological abnormalities which are seen in SPM and NCTR-BALB/c mice. These data suggest that genetic defects in NCTR-BALB/c and SPM mice are located in the same gene.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Large Scale Preparation of D,L‐2‐Amino‐5‐phosphonopentanoic Acid (D,L‐AP5). (1989)

Abstract Alkylation of the sodium salt of the phosphorous acid derivative (I) with the protected bromopropanol (II) yields the phosphonate (III) which is transformed into the bromide (IV).
BMX-001, a novel redox-active metalloporphyrin, improves islet function and engraftment in a murine transplant model (2018)

Islet transplantation has become a well-established therapy for select patients with type 1 diabetes. Viability and engraftment can be compromised by the generation of oxidative stress encountered during isolation and culture. We evaluated whether the administration of BMX-001 (MnTnBuOE-2-PyP<sup>5+</sup> [Mn(III) meso-tetrakis-(N-b-butoxyethylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin]) and its earlier derivative, BMX-010 (MnTE-2-PyP [Mn(III) meso-tetrakis-(N-methylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin]) could improve islet function and engraftment outcomes. Long-term culture of human islets with BMX-001, but not BMX-010, exhibited preserved in vitro viability. Murine islets isolated and cultured for 24 hours with 34 μmol/L BMX-001 exhibited improved insulin secretion (n = 3 isolations, P < .05) in response to glucose relative to control islets. In addition, 34 μmol/L BMX-001-supplemented murine islets exhibited significantly reduced apoptosis as indicated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling, compared with nontreated control islets (P < .05). Murine syngeneic islets transplanted under the kidney capsule at a marginal dose of 150 islets revealed 58% of 34 μmol/L BMX-001-treated islet recipients became euglycemic (n = 11 of 19) compared with 19% of nontreated control islet recipients (n = 3 of 19, P < .05). Of murine recipients receiving a marginal dose of human islets cultured with 34 μmol/L BMX-001, 92% (n = 12 of 13) achieved euglycemia compared with 57% of control recipients (n = 8 of 14, P = .11). These results demonstrate that the administration of BMX-001 enhances in vitro viability and augments murine marginal islet mass engraftment.
The National Cancer Institute Cooperative Early Lung Cancer Detection Program. Results of the initial screen (prevalence). Early lung cancer detection: Introduction. (1984)

This introduction provides a description of 3 cooperating studies on Screening for Early Lung Cancer conducted under the auspices of the National Cancer Institute. The next 3 reports detail the unique aspects and results of the individual screening studies. The final presentation summarizes the initial ("prevalence") screening for all 3 centers (approximately 30,000 men), and gives our conclusions.
Imidazo[1,2-B]pyridazines. II. 6-Alkylthio and 6-Arylthio-3-methoxy-2-phenylimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazines (1987)

A series of 6-alkylthio- and 6-arylthio-3-methoxy-2-phenylimidazo[l,2- b]pyridazines has been prepared from 6-alkylthio-and 6-arylthio-pyridazin-3-amines through the corresponding 6-alkylthio-and 6-arylthio-2-phenylimidazo[l,2-b] pyridazin-3(5H)-ones.
The TickerTAIP parallel RAID architecture (1994)

Traditional disk arrays have a centralized architecture, with a single controller through which all requests flow. Such a controller is a single point of failure, and its performance limits the maximum number of disks to which the array can scale. We describe TickerTAIP, a parallel architecture for disk arrays that distributes the controller functions across several loosely coupled processors. The result is better scalability, fault tolerance, and flexibility. This article presents the TickerTAIP architecture and an evaluation of its behavior. We demonstrate the feasibility by a working example, describe a family of distributed algorithms for calculating RAID parity, discuss techniques for establishing request atomicity, sequencing, and recovery, and evaluate the performance of the TickerTAIP design in both absolute terms and by comparison to a centralized RAID implementation. We also analyze the effects of including disk-level request-scheduling algorithms inside the array. We conclude that the Ticker TAIP architectural approach is feasible, useful, and effective.
WHIPS (Volvo Cars' Whiplash Protection System)—The Development and Real-World Performance (2008)

This study presents the development and real-world performance of WHIPS as well as identifies situations for further focus and challenges for the next generation of soft tissue neck injury protection and prevention, including areas such as occupant posture and crash avoidance.
Fabrication of GaN suspended microstructures (2001)

We report on a versatile processing technology for the fabrication of micro-electromechanical systems in gallium nitride (GaN). This technology, which is an extension of photo-electrochemical etching, allows for the controlled and rapid undercutting of p-GaN epilayers. The control is achieved through the use of opaque metal masks to prevent etching in designated areas, while the high lateral etch rates are achieved by biasing the sample relative to the solution. For GaN microchannel structures processed in this way, undercutting rates in excess of 30 μm/min have been attained. We propose two mechanisms to account for these high etch rates.
Functional autoantibodies against serpin E2 in rheumatoid arthritis (2009)

This study characterizes a functional property of a novel autoantibody in RA. Since anti-serpin E2 autoantibodies interfere with the inhibitory activity of serpin E2 toward serine proteases, they might facilitate the joint destruction in RA.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Synthesis of α‐Substituted Oligothiophenes. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Nuclear delivery of oligonucleotides via nanocomposites based on TiO2 nanoparticles and polylysine (2017)

The nuclear delivery of nucleic acid derivatives is an essential prerequisite for successful antisense therapy. Using laser confocal and electron microscopy, we have studied the uptake of fluorescently labeled oligonucleotides in the form of nanocomposites with polylysine and TiO2 nanoparticles into Caco2, MDCK, and HeLa cells. In all three cell lines, bright fluorescence has been detected after 30 min in the nuclei (excluding the nucleoli) of the interphase cells; no substantial increase in the intensity of the signal was observed for next 24 hours. In all cells undergoing mitosis, the signal was localized in the cytoplasm with zones of higher intensity around chromatin. In some cells, at the beginning of interphase (G-1 phase), fluorescence was not detected at all. The latter may be explained by the brief moment in the cell cycle when oligonucleotides delivered in the nanocomposite cannot be taken up by cells. The studied nanocomposites are prone to aggregation. The degree of aggregation increases with the storage time up to complete loss of the ability of the nanocomposites to penetrate the cells.