gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quality assurance and the need to evaluate interventions and audit programme outcomes (2017)

Evidence-based clinical guidelines provide standards for the provision of healthcare. However, these guidelines have been poorly implemented in daily practice. Clinical audit is a quality improvement tool to promote quality of care in daily practice and to improve outcomes through the systematic review of care delivery and implementation of changes. A major priority in the management of subjects with cardiovascular disease (CVD) management is secondary prevention by controlling cardiovascular risk factors and providing appropriate medical treatment. Clinical audits can be applied to monitor modifiable risk factors and evaluate quality improvements of CVD management in daily practice. Existing clinical audits have provided an overview of the burden of risk factors in subjects with CVD and reflect real-world risk factor recording and management. However, consistent and representative data from clinic audits are still insufficient to fully monitor quality improvement of CVD management. Data are lacking in particular from low- and middle-income countries, limiting the evaluation of CVD management quality by clinical audit projects in many settings. To support the development of clinical standards, monitor daily practice performance, and improve quality of care in CVD management at national and international levels, more widespread clinical audits are warranted.
RALyase; a terminator of elongation function of depurinated ribosomes (2003)

Plant ribosomal RNA apurinic site specific lyase (RALyase) cleaves the phosphodiester bond at the depurinated site produced by ribosome-inactivating protein, while the biological role of this enzyme is not clear. As the depurinated ribosomes retain weak translation elongation activities, it was suggested that RALyase completes the ribosome inactivation. To confirm this point, we measured the effects of the phosphodiester cleavage using a fusion of wheat RALyase produced with a cell-free protein synthesis system from wheat germ. The results indicated that RALyase diminishes the residual elongation activities of the depurinated ribosomes.
A Proton Resonance Study of Bis-(acetylacetone)-ethylenediimine and Related Schiff Bases (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Proton Resonance Study of Bis-(acetylacetone)-ethylenediimine and Related Schiff BasesGerald O. Dudek and Richard H. HolmCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 9, 2099–2104Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01470a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01470a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views443Altmetric-Citations150LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Radiant heating using an ellipsoidal reflector (1974)

A heat source positioned at one focus of a suitably shaped ellipsoidal reflector has been used to heat small objects placed at the other focus. With a tungsten-halogen lamp as the source, temperatures of the order of 1100 degrees C were obtained: substituting a conventional tungsten lamp allowed for greater flexibility in control at lower temperatures.
Privacy and Security in E-Learning (2008)

For a variety of advantages, universities and other organizations are resorting to e-learning to provide instruction online. While many advances have been made in the mechanics of providing online instruction, the needs for privacy and security have to-date been largely ignored. This chapter examines privacy and security issues associated with e-learning. It presents the basic principles behind privacy practices and legislation. It investigates the more popular e-learning standards to determine their provisions and limitations for privacy and security. Privacy requirements for e-learning systems are explored with respect to the “privacy principles.” The capabilities of a number of existing privacy enhancing technologies, including methods for network privacy, policy-based privacy/security management, and trust systems, are reviewed and assessed.
Modeling and Optimization of Traveling Wave Field Effect Transistors (1991)

This paper provides new insight on traveling wave phenomena, along the transverse direction, in field effect transistors. Specially designed structures are proposed, either in single gate form or in dual gate form, which allow overcoming inherent limitations due to gate losses and realizing on-chip wideband amplifiers. Demonstration of these capabilities is done using testing and modeling procedures based on distributed equivalent circuits.
Molecular complexity determines the number of olfactory notes and the pleasantness of smells (2011)

One major unresolved problem in olfaction research is to relate the percept to the molecular structure of stimuli. The present study examined this issue and showed for the first time a quantitative structure-odor relationship in which the more structurally complex a monomolecular odorant, the more numerous the olfactory notes it evokes. Low-complexity odorants were also rated as more aversive, reflecting the fact that low molecular complexity may serve as a warning cue for the olfactory system. Taken together, these findings suggest that molecular complexity provides a framework to explain the subjective experience of smells.
CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Mutagenesis of the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase Gene in the Potato Variety Yukon Gold to Obtain Amylose-Free Starch in Tubers (2022)

Potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.) is the third most important food crop after rice and wheat. Its tubers are a rich source of dietary carbohydrates in the form of starch, which has many industrial applications. Starch is composed of two polysaccharides, amylose and amylopectin, and their ratios determine different properties and functionalities. Potato varieties with higher amylopectin have many food processing and industrial applications. Using <i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediated transformation, we delivered Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) reagents to potato (variety Yukon Gold) cells to disrupt the granule-bound starch synthase (<i>gbssI</i>) gene with the aim of eliminating the amylose component of starch. Lugol-Iodine staining of the tubers showed a reduction or complete elimination of amylose in some of the edited events. These results were further confirmed by the perchloric acid and enzymatic methods. One event (T2-7) showed mutations in all four <i>gbss</i> alleles and total elimination of amylose from the tubers. Viscosity profiles of the tuber starch from six different knockout events were determined using a Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA), and the values reflected the amylopectin/amylose ratio. Follow-up studies will focus on eliminating the CRISPR components from the events and on evaluating the potential of clones with various amylose/amylopectin ratios for food processing and other industrial applications.
Vector Graph Assisted Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Using an Unconstrained Smartphone (2015)

The paper presents a hybrid indoor positioning solution based on a pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) approach using built-in sensors on a smartphone. To address the challenges of flexible and complex contexts of carrying a phone while walking, a robust step detection algorithm based on motion-awareness has been proposed. Given the fact that step length is influenced by different motion states, an adaptive step length estimation algorithm based on motion recognition is developed. Heading estimation is carried out by an attitude acquisition algorithm, which contains a two-phase filter to mitigate the distortion of magnetic anomalies. In order to estimate the heading for an unconstrained smartphone, principal component analysis (PCA) of acceleration is applied to determine the offset between the orientation of smartphone and the actual heading of a pedestrian. Moreover, a particle filter with vector graph assisted particle weighting is introduced to correct the deviation in step length and heading estimation. Extensive field tests, including four contexts of carrying a phone, have been conducted in an office building to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm. Test results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve sub-meter mean error in all contexts.
Cesium ion liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry of membrane-bound glycoproteins: Structural and topological considerations of acetylcholine receptor fromTorpedo californica (1988)

We report mass mapping of a large (270 kD) multisubunit membrane bound glycoprotein, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo californica, using enzymic digests of the affinity purified whole receptor and cesium ion liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry. Peptides, glycopeptides and derivatized N-linked oligosaccharides were isolated by HPLC and identified by LSIMS. We have shown that mass spectrometric sensitivity is improved a hundred-fold through use of computer-controlled mass window stepping of an electro-optical multichannel array detection system on a LSIMS double focusing mass spectrometer. This new method permitted determination of the complete fragmentation pattern of Man8N2-ABEE using only 5 picomoles of sample.
de Haas-van Alphen Effect in Arsenic (1955)

The de Haas-van Alphen effect has been studied in single crystals of rhombohedral (metallic) arsenic in the liquid helium temperature range and in magnetic fields up to 25 kilogauss. The effect in arsenic is characterized by long-period (up to \ensuremath{\sim}4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ ${\mathrm{gauss}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$) oscillations upon which are superposed three short period (up to \ensuremath{\sim}6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}7}$ ${\mathrm{gauss}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$) terms. Analysis in terms of existing theory attributes the long-period oscillations to electrons occupying a constant energy surface in momentum or wave-number space which to a first approximation is an ellipsoid of revolution with a degeneracy energy ${E}_{0l}=1.59\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}14}$ erg. The pertinent electrons in the case of the short-period oscillations can be attributed to three identical ellipsoidal constant-energy surfaces oriented so as to satisfy the trigonal symmetry of the arsenic lattice and having a degeneracy energy ${E}_{0s}=29.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}14}$ erg. In addition, the electronic effective masses have been evaluated.A method for growing arsenic single crystals is described.
ITO/Poly(Aniline)/Sol-Gel Glass: An Optically Transparent, pH-Responsive Substrate for Supported Lipid Bilayers (2013)

Described here is fabrication of a pH-sensitive, optically transparent transducer composed of a planar indium-tin oxide (ITO) electrode overcoated with a a poly(aniline) (PANI) thin film and a porous sol-gel layer. Adsorption of the PANI film renders the ITO electrode sensitive to pH, whereas the sol-gel spin-coated layer makes the upper surface compatible with fusion of phospholipid vesicles to form a planar supported lipid bilayer (PSLB). The response to changes in the pH of the buffer contacting the sol-gel/PANI/ITO electrode is pseudo-Nernstian with a slope of 52 mV/pH over a pH range of 4-9. Vesicle fusion forms a laterally continuous PSLB on the upper sol-gel surface that is fluid with a lateral lipid diffusion coefficient of 2.2 μm<sup>2</sup>/s measured by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. Due to its lateral continuity and lack of defects, the PSLB blocks the pH response of the underlying electrode to changes in the pH of the overlying buffer. This architecture is simpler to fabricate than previously reported ITO electrodes derivatized for PSLB formation, and should be useful for optical monitoring of proton transport across supported membranes derivatized with ionophores and ion channels.
Ignition of beam plasma discharge in the electron beam experiment in space (1985)

An ignition of Beam Plasma Discharge (BPD) in space was observed in a neutral gas‐electron beam interaction experiment by Space Shuttle/Spacelab‐1 in 1983. An electron beam of 8 kV 100 mA was injected into a high dense nitrogen gas cloud of 10 23 molecules which was released during 100 msec from the orbiter. The appearence of the beam and its surroundings observed by a low‐light‐level TV camera showed a local ignition of the beam plasma discharge in the gas cloud. The enhanced plasma production, generation of auroral emission and associated wave emission were also detected by onboard diagnostic instruments.
Regulators of adipocyte precursor cells (1997)

Lean and adipose tissue growth are two of the most important targets for manipulation in commercial livestock. Adipose tissue growth occurs by both hyperplasia and hypertrophy. The processes involved in adipocyte hypertrophy are relatively well understood but much less is known about adipocyte hyperplasia. The mature adipocyte has little capacity for cell division and the hyperplastic capacity of adipose tissue resides in a population of fibroblast-like adipocyte precursor cells. The origin of these cells and the processes involved in their commitment to the adipocyte lineage is not known. Growth factors, in particular the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), are likely to be involved in regulating commitment to the adipocyte lineage. In vitro studies have shown that once committed to the adipocyte lineage, the proliferation and differentiation of, adipocyte precursor cells is regulated by a number of different growth factors. A number of these growth factors are expressed in adipocyte precursor cells in vitro and may have an autocrine-paracrine role. Others, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), are more likely to have an endocrine role. The precise role that each growth factor plays in regulating adipocyte development in vivo is poorly understood. The chick is a useful experimental system with which to study the precise function of growth factors in adipocyte development.
High Temperature, Electrically Conductive Graphite Composites For Space Nuclear Power. (1988)

Space nuclear power systems require materials with low density, high thermal conductivity, and high electrical conductivity at elevated temperatures. Vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF) is a novel material which is a good candidate for these structures. VGCF has been shown to have combined characteristics of thermal conductivity, strength and modulus which exceed values for PAN and pitch-based fibers, and has an electrical conductivity comparable to single crystal graphite. Major thrusts of the current research are to explore growth and processing of vapor grown fibers, and to study the effect of boron doping on the electrical properties of VGCF. Doping of graphite is known to change the distribution of electrons between energy levels in carbon, to enhance graphitization, and to modify the chemical composition of the surface of carbon fibers. Measurements of electrical resistivity as a function of temperature from 4 K to 2700 K have been obtained. The product of resistivity times density of annealed VGCF has been observed to be substantially lower than that of refractory metals at temperatures exceeding 1000 K, suggesting the utility of this unique material as an electrical conductor in space nuclear power thermionic conversion and other high temperature applications.
Synthesis and Herbicidal Activity of Phenoxypropionic Acid Derivatives with Imidazo[1,2-α]pyridine Moiety (1993)

Phenoxypropionic acid derivatives (Ia-s) with an imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine moiety were synthesized and their herbicidal activities were examined. The activities were affected dramatically by the substituents on the imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine ring, and good substituents to enhance the herbicidal activity were a cyano group at the 3-position and a chlorine atom at the 6-position. Among the compounds, n-propyl 2-[4-(6-chloro-3-cyano-2-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridinyloxy)phenoxy]propionate(Iq) was most active against gramineous weeds and the activity was comparable to that of the commercial herbicide fluazifop-butyl.
ChemInform Abstract: Conformational Analysis and Selection of Odor‐Active Conformers: Synthesis of Molecules Designed for the Lily‐of‐the‐Valley(Muguet)‐Type Odor. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Role of CD45 Signaling Pathway in Galactoxylomannan-Induced T Cell Damage (2010)

Previously, we reported that Galactoxylomannan (GalXM) activates the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways through an interaction with the glycoreceptors on T cells. In this study we establish the role of the glycoreceptor CD45 in GalXM-induced T cell apoptosis, using CD45(+/+) and CD45(-/-) cell lines, derived from BW5147 murine T cell lymphoma. Our results show that whereas CD45 expression is not required for GalXM association by the cells, it is essential for apoptosis induction. In CD45(+/+) cells, CD45 triggering by GalXM reduces the activation of Lck, ZAP70 and Erk1/2. Conversely, in CD45(-/-) cells, Lck was hyperphosphorylated and did not show any modulation after GalXM stimulation. On the whole, our findings provide evidence that the negative regulation of Lck activation occurs via CD45 engagement. This appears to be related to the capacity of GalXM to antagonize T cell activation and induce T cell death. Overall this mechanism may be responsible for the immune paralysis that follows GalXM administration and could explain the powerful immunosuppression that accompanies cryptococcosis.
Evaluation of MolecuTech Real MTB-ID for MTB/NTM Detection Using Direct Specimens (2011)

The differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) from nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is of primary importance for infection control and choice of antimicrobial therapy. The diagnosis of diseases caused by NTM is difficult because NTM are prevalent in the environment and have fastidious properties. In this study, we evaluated the real-time PCR-based MTB/NTM detection kit for its usefulness in discrimination of MTB and NTM species. Methods: A total of 155 sputum specimens whose AFB staining smear and culture were positive were used for this study. Among them, 59 and 96 samples had been identified as MTB and NTM, respectively. DNA obtained from sputum specimens was subjected to analysis with MolecuTech Real MTB-ID (M&D, Korea) real-time PCR-based MTB/NTM detection kit.
Calcium‐calmodulin‐dependent mechanisms accelerate calcium decay in gastric myocytes from Bufo marinus (1998)

1. [Ca2+] was recorded in voltage-clamped gastric myocytes from Bufo marinus. Repolarization to -110 mV following a 300 ms depolarization to +10 mV led to triphasic [Ca2+]i decay, with a fast-slow-fast pattern. After a conditioning train of repetitive depolarizations the duration of the second, slow phase of decay was shortened, while the rate of decay during the third, faster phase was increased by 34 +/- 6% (mean +/- S.E.M., n = 21) when compared with unconditioned transients. 2. [Ca2+]i decay was biphasic in cells injected with the calmodulin-binding peptide RS20, with a prolonged period of fast decay followed by a slow phase. There was no subsequent increase in decay rate during individual transients and no acceleration of decay following the conditioning train (n = 8). Decline of [Ca2+]i in cells injected with the control peptide NRS20 was triphasic and the decay rate during the third phase was increased by 50 +/- 19% in conditioned transients (n = 6). 3. Cell injection with CK3AA, a pseudo-substrate inhibitor of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, prevented the increase in the final rate of decay following the conditioning train (n = 6). In cells injected with an inactive peptide similar to CK3AA, however, there was a 45 +/- 17% increase after the train (n = 5). 4. Inhibition of Ca2+ uptake by the sarcoplasmic reticulum with cyclopiazonic acid or thapsigargin did not prevent acceleration of decay. 5. These results demonstrate that [Ca2+]i decay is accelerated by Ca(2+)-calmodulin and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. This does not depend on Ca2+ uptake by the sarcoplasmic reticulum but may reflect upregulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ removal.
Pilot Search for Axion-Like Particles by a Three-Beam Stimulated Resonant Photon Collider with Short Pulse Lasers (2023)

Toward the systematic search for axion-like particles in the eV mass range, we proposed the concept of a stimulated resonant photon collider by focusing three short pulse lasers into a vacuum. In order to realize such a collider, we have performed a proof-of-principle experiment with a set of large incident angles between three beams to overcome the expected difficulty to ensure the space–time overlap between short pulse lasers and also established a method to evaluate the bias on the polarization states, which is useful for a future variable–incident–angle collision system. In this paper, we present a result from the pilot search with the developed system and the method. The search result was consistent with null. We thus have set the upper limit on the minimum ALP-photon coupling down to 1.5×10−4 GeV−1 at the ALP mass of 1.53 eV with a confidence level of 95%.
Multi3Net: Segmenting Flooded Buildings via Fusion of Multiresolution, Multisensor, and Multitemporal Satellite Imagery (2019)

We propose a novel approach for rapid segmentation of flooded buildings by fusing multiresolution, multisensor, and multitemporal satellite imagery in a convolutional neural network. Our model significantly expedites the generation of satellite imagery-based flood maps, crucial for first responders and local authorities in the early stages of flood events. By incorporating multitemporal satellite imagery, our model allows for rapid and accurate post-disaster damage assessment and can be used by governments to better coordinate medium- and long-term financial assistance programs for affected areas. The network consists of multiple streams of encoder-decoder architectures that extract spatiotemporal information from medium-resolution images and spatial information from high-resolution images before fusing the resulting representations into a single medium-resolution segmentation map of flooded buildings. We compare our model to state-of-the-art methods for building footprint segmentation as well as to alternative fusion approaches for the segmentation of flooded buildings and find that our model performs best on both tasks. We also demonstrate that our model produces highly accurate segmentation maps of flooded buildings using only publicly available medium-resolution data instead of significantly more detailed but sparsely available very high-resolution data. We release the first open-source dataset of fully preprocessed and labeled multiresolution, multispectral, and multitemporal satellite images of disaster sites along with our source code.