gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
628. The Role of the Advanced Practice Provider in Infectious Disease: Opportunities for Growth (2020)

Abstract Background Advanced Practice Providers (APPs), including nurse practitioners and physician assistants, provide high quality medical care in multiple specialties by extending the physician workforce. However, within the Infectious Disease (ID) specialty, their demographics, areas of practice, and experience are not well described. To better understand this key group, we examined APP years of experience in ID, primary practice settings, and perceived practice barriers from the APP perspective. Methods We created a survey using REDCap which was distributed between 12/1/2019-1/31/2020 to APPs practicing in ID by social media, direct emails to key stakeholders, and online Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) community forums. Results Ninety-three APPs responded to the posted survey from across the US (figure 1). Most respondents (45 [49%]) had between 2-9 years of overall experience as an APP, while 14 (15%) between 10-15 years, and 24 (26%) had &amp;gt;16 years of experience. Experience specifically as an ID APP varied, with the majority (56%) having 2-9 years of experience and 25% reporting &amp;gt;16 years of experience as an APP. Although over half of the respondents worked in an outpatient adult ID clinic, they also practiced in diverse settings and within multiple ID sub-specialties (figure 2). The other most common areas of practice included inpatient adult ID, HIV care, and outpatient parental antimicrobial therapy programs. Limited formalized ID education and misconceptions about APP scope of practice were perceived barriers to practicing in ID (figure 3). Lack of recognition as a peer amongst physician colleagues was also identified as a practice barrier. Advanced Practice Provider Survey Response by Region Advanced Practice Provider ID Practice Areas Perceived Advanced Practice Provider Barriers Conclusion Our survey results demonstrate that the APP ID workforce is an experienced provider group, both in terms of total years as an APP and years exclusively in ID, working in a large variety of ID settings in a number of geographic locations. Creation of specific and directed ID educational opportunities, along with collaborating physician support and inclusion, are identified as significant areas of improvement. The establishment of APP-specific training programs and educational courses will create more opportunities for APPs and further expand the ID workforce. Disclosures Steven A. Pergam, MD, MPH, Chimerix, Inc (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Global Life Technologies, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Merck &amp; Co. (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Sanofi-Aventis (Other Financial or Material Support, Participate in clinical trial sponsored by NIAID (U01-AI132004); vaccines for this trial are provided by Sanofi-Aventis)
Methylene Blue Prevents Retinal Damage Caused by Perinatal Asphyxia in the Rat (2020)

Perinatal asphyxia (PA) is responsible for a large proportion of neonatal deaths and numerous neurological sequelae, including visual dysfunction and blindness. In PA, the retina is exposed to ischemia/reoxygenation, which results in nitric oxide (NO) overproduction and neurotoxicity. We hypothesized that methylene blue (MB), a guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, and free-radical scavenger currently used in the clinic, may block this pathway and prevent PA-induced retinal degeneration. Male rat pups were subjected to an experimental model of PA. Four groups were studied: normally delivered (CTL), normally delivered treated with 2 mg Kg-1 MB (MB), exposed to PA for 20 min at 37°C (PA), and exposed to PA and, then, treated with MB (PA-MB). Scotopic electroretinography performed 45 days after birth showed that PA animals had significant defects in the a- and b-waves and oscillatory potentials (OP). The same animals presented a significant increase in the thickness of the inner retina and a large number of TUNEL-positive cells. All these physiological and morphological parameters were significantly prevented by the treatment with MB. Gene expression analysis demonstrated significant increases in iNOS, MMP9, and VEGF in the eyes of PA animals, which were prevented by MB treatment. In conclusion, MB regulates key players of inflammation, matrix remodeling, gliosis, and angiogenesis in the eye and could be used as a treatment to prevent the deleterious visual consequences of PA. Given its safety profile and low cost, MB may be used clinically in places where alternative treatments may be unavailable.
Abstract P204: Food Restriction Increases the Cardiovascular Response Evoked by Angiotensin-[1-10] and Angiotensin-[1-7] in Female Fischer Rats (2015)

Anorexia is associated with cardiovascular dysfunction including hypotension, bradycardia and cardiac arrhythmias. In a rat model of food restriction (FR)-induced hypotension and bradycardia, we previously demonstrated that the activity of endothelial α1 adrenergic receptors and brain type 1 angiotensin receptors (AT1R) were increased. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the vasodilator, angiotensin (Ang)-[1-7] and the precursor Ang-[I-10] in the periphery and brain. Methods: Female Fischer rats (220g, 4 mo) were maintained for 14 days on a FR diet, that was 40% of the control group (C) food intake. Cannulas were implanted in the lateral ventricle (LV) on day 7. On day 14, the animals were catheterized with a polyethylene tube in the femoral artery for recording of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR). Results: After 14 days, body weight (g) [C: 202±2, n=13 vs. FR: 176±2, n=14; p&lt;0.05], MAP (mm Hg) [C: 105±1, n=35 vs. FR: 102±2, n=36; p&lt;0.05] and HR (bpm) [C: 386±5, n=35 vs. FR: 353±8, n=36, p&lt;0.001) were reduced in the FR compared to control rats. Injection of Ang-[1-7] caused a greater increase in MAP (Δ mm Hg) in the FR compared to C group when delivered either into the LV (25pmol) (C: Δ -2±1, n=8 vs. FR: Δ 7±1, n=10; p&lt;0.05) or the femoral vein (1910pmol) [C: Δ 1±1, n=9 vs. FR: Δ 3±1, n=6; p&lt;0.05]. Moreover, there was a greater increase in HR (Δ bpm) in the FR compared to the C group after LV injection (C: Δ 9±3, n=8 vs FR: Δ 29±9, n=10; p&lt;0.05). Injection of Ang-[I-10] caused a greater increase in MAP (Δ mm Hg) in the FR compared to C group when delivered into the LV (25pmol) (C: 5±1, n=7 vs. FR: 13±2, n=7; p&lt;0.005) or i.v (1910pmol) (C: Δ 1±1, n=7 vs. FR: Δ 15±2, n=8; p&lt;0.05); however, there was no effect on HR. This Ang-[l-10]-induced increase in MAP was attenuated by administering captopril into the LV, in both the FR and C groups, suggesting this increase in MAP was mediated by angiotensin converting enzyme. Conclusion: These results suggest that increased Ang-[1-7] and Ang-[I-10] activity both in the periphery and brain play a role in the increased sympathetic activity observed in anorexia.
Evidence for Inhibition of Topoisomerase 1A by Gold(III) Macrocycles and Chelates Targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium abscessus (2018)

<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> and the fast-growing species <i>Mycobacterium abscessus</i> are two important human pathogens causing persistent pulmonary infections that are difficult to cure and require long treatment times. The emergence of drug-resistant <i>M. tuberculosis</i> strains and the high level of intrinsic resistance of <i>M. abscessus</i> call for novel drug scaffolds that effectively target both pathogens. In this study, we evaluated the activity of bis(pyrrolide-imine) gold(III) macrocycles and chelates, originally designed as DNA intercalators capable of targeting human topoisomerase types I and II (Topo1 and Topo2), against <i>M. abscessus</i> and <i>M. tuberculosis</i> We identified a total of 5 noncytotoxic compounds active against both mycobacterial pathogens under replicating <i>in vitro</i> conditions. We chose one of these hits, compound 14, for detailed analysis due to its potent bactericidal mode of inhibition and scalable synthesis. The clinical relevance of this compound was demonstrated by its ability to inhibit a panel of diverse <i>M. tuberculosis</i> and <i>M. abscessus</i> clinical isolates. Prompted by previous data suggesting that compound 14 may target topoisomerase/gyrase enzymes, we demonstrated that it lacked cross-resistance with fluoroquinolones, which target the <i>M. tuberculosis</i> gyrase. <i>In vitro</i> enzyme assays confirmed the potent activity of compound 14 against bacterial topoisomerase 1A (Topo1) enzymes but not gyrase. Novel scaffolds like compound 14 with potent, selective bactericidal activity against <i>M. tuberculosis</i> and <i>M. abscessus</i> that act on validated but underexploited targets like Topo1 represent a promising starting point for the development of novel therapeutics for infections by pathogenic mycobacteria.
The NoEMi (Noise Frequency Event Miner) framework (2012)

The data collected by a gravitational wave interferometer are inevitably affected by instrumental artefacts and environmental disturbances. In particular, for continuous gravitational wave (CW) studies it is important to detect narrow-band disturbances (the so-called "noise lines") during science runs, and to help scientists to identify and possibly remove or mitigate their sources. The NoEMi (Noise Frequency Event Miner) framework exploits some of the algorithms implemented for the CW search to identify, on a daily basis, the frequency lines observed in the Virgo science data and in a subset of the environmental sensors, looking for lines that match in frequency. A line tracker algorithm reconstructs the lines over time, and stores them in a database, which is made accesible via a web interface. We describe the workflow of NoEMi, providing examples of its use for the investigation of noise lines in past Virgo runs (VSR2, VSR3) and in the most recent run (VSR4).
Novel organic LED structures based on a highly conductive polymeric photonic crystal electrode (2013)

In this work we demonstrate the possibility to realize a novel unconventional ITO-free organic light emitting diode (OLED) utilizing a photonic polymeric electrode. Combining electron beam lithography and a plasma etching process to partially structure the highly conductive poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) it is possible to realize an embedded photonic crystal (PC) structure. The realized PC-anode drastically reduces the light trapped in the OLED, demonstrating the possibility to eliminate further process stages and making it easier to use this technology even on rollable and flexible substrates.
Homotypic and heterotypic protection against influenza virus infection in mice by recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the haemagglutinin or nucleoprotein gene of influenza virus (1991)

Recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the influenza virus haemagglutinin (HA) or nucleoprotein (NP) genes from A/SW/Hong Kong/1/74 (H1N1) under the control of a hybrid promoter containing the P7.5 early promoter element and promoter of the gene encoding the major protein of cowpox virus A type inclusion body was constructed to investigate protective immunity against homologous and heterologous viruses in mice. These recombinant vaccinia viruses produced authentic influenza virus HA and NP in infected cells. The recombinant vaccinia virus-influenza virus HA conferred efficient subtype-specific protection although mice challenged with heterologous influenza viruses underwent initial infection. By contrast, immunization with the recombinant vaccinia-influenza virus NP limited virus multiplication in the lungs against challenge infection with all H1N1 and H3N2 influenza viruses examined, although less efficiently. These results will prompt the re-examination of the possibility of using the recombinant vaccinia virus-influenza virus NP as a cross-protective vaccine.
Fabrication and Electrochemical Characterization of LiCoO[sub 2] Cathode Powder by Mechanochemical Process (2004)

cathode powders with a grain size of 1-1.5 μm were synthesized by a mechanochemical process. The Li-Co precursor was prepared by a freeze drying method using a Li and Co acetate as starting raw materials. The surface was modified by lapping the precursor using in a simple ballmill. After the surface modification, the Li-Co precursor was heated at 800°C to form a high-temperature polymorph. The coat on the Li-Co precursor prevented the Li-Co precursors from contacting one another, due to the high decomposition temperature of above 1000°C and constrains grain growth. Because of this, the modified Li-Co precursor is converted to very small crystalline particles by phase transformation. The as-synthesized powder had well-developed facets and a very uniform grain size distribution. A small capacity fade for high discharge rate was observed in the as-synthesized powder, which can be attributed to the diffusion of Li ions at the grain boundary. Thus, it is possible not only to synthesis powder to a desired grain size but also to control the grain size distribution using this method. These results indicated that the synthesis of a high-temperature polymorph of with a small grain size is possible by constraining growth during the heat-treatment. The powder synthesized here represents a very good candidate for use in fabricating not only of high power bulk batteries but high power slim batteries as well, when a thin and thick film process is used. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Development and performance evaluation of cool black surface on thermoplastic polyolefins via incorporation of non‐near infrared absorptive pigments (2022)

Abstract Absorption of the near‐infrared (NIR) region of solar irradiance spectrum of the sunlight causes increase of the temperature of black inner parts of vehicles. The surface temperature of these parts can be decreased by reflecting or transmitting the NIR region of sunlight. This study intends to decrease the temperature of black surfaces that are exposed to sunlight and create cool black surfaces by preventing the absorption of the NIR region of the solar irradiance spectrum. Incorporation of cool black pigments having NIR reflective or NIR transparent properties into thermoplastic olefins (TPOs) was studied. A series of compounds were generated containing only NIR reflective pigment (REF), only NIR transparent pigment (TRANS) and the mixture of these two pigments in specific loading levels. The surface temperature of black TPO compounds were compared to the TPO compounds containing conventional pigments. Results showed that an optimum TPO compound having cool black surface was obtained with the sample MIX‐5 (2% REF + 0.4% TRANS) which demonstrated 28.2% cooling compared to samples with carbon black, 9.04 MPa tensile strength, 1200% elongation at break and mold shrinkage values of 0.61% and 0.11% at directions parallel and perpendicular to flow respectively.
Interference-Aware Transmission Power Control for Wireless Sensor Networks (2008)

Maintaining the lowest possible transmission power in the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is vulnerable to the interference fluctuations because of the bad signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR). The previous transmission power control (TPC) algorithms do not consider much for the interferences from other 2.4GHz devices, which can cause significant performance degradations in real world deployments. This paper proposes the interference-aware transmission power control (I-TPC) algorithm for WSNs. In the proposed algorithm, each node dynamically adjusts the transmission power and the received signal strength (RSS) target, hence the appropriate SINR is provided even when the wireless LAN (WLAN) interferences become strong. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the previous algorithms in terms of the energy and the packet reception ratio (PRR) performance in WLAN interference environments.
Semi‐intrinsic self‐healing performance of liquid‐cored microcapsules in epoxy matrix (2017)

Abstract We present an experimental study on the microcapsule‐based semi‐intrinsic self‐healing behavior of low viscosity epoxy resin used in Resin Transfer Molding ( RTM ) process. The microcapsules containing RTM epoxy resin are prepared using in situ polymerization of urea‐formaldehyde. Single type of microcapsules with six different agitation rates is prepared, resulting in microcapsules with a mean diameter ranging from 52 to 202 μm. The thermal characteristics of each microcapsule batch are investigated using Differential Scanning Calorimetry ( DSC ) and Simultaneous Thermal Analysis ( STA ). In addition to thermal characterization tools, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ( FTIR ) is also used as a qualitative technique to determine the composition of microcapsules. The mechanical properties of the self‐healing specimen such as Mode‐I fracture toughness and flexure strength are assessed by a universal testing machine, and the obtained results are compared with the findings in literature.
Shadow imaging for panoptical visualization of living brain tissue (2022)

Abstract Progress in neuroscience research hinges on technical advances in visualizing living brain tissue with high fidelity and facility. Current neuroanatomical imaging approaches either require tissue fixation, do not have cellular resolution or only give a fragmented view. Here, we show how regular light microscopy together with fluorescence labeling of the interstitial fluid in the extracellular space provide comprehensive optical access in real-time to the anatomical complexity and dynamics of living brain tissue.
Engaging People in Sustainability (2004)

The University of Gloucestershire has a vibrant academic community where creative research and cutting-edge scholarship are conducted at a high level. Our learning-led environment enables research to thrive, providing the best support for students.
Bridging thrombolysis in atrial fibrillation stroke is associated with increased hemorrhagic complications without improved outcomes (2021)

In this large thrombectomy registry, AF patients exposed to IVT before MT had increased hemorrhagic complications without improved functional outcomes, in contrast with non-AF patients. Prospective trials are warranted to assess whether AF patients represent a subgroup of LVO patients who may benefit from a direct to thrombectomy approach at thrombectomy capable centers.
Recruitment of VPS33A to HOPS by VPS16 Is Required for Lysosome Fusion with Endosomes and Autophagosomes (2015)

The mammalian homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting (HOPS) complex is comprised of six subunits: VPS11, VPS16, VPS18, VPS39, VPS41 and the Sec1/Munc18 (SM) family member VPS33A. Human HOPS has been predicted to be a tethering complex required for fusion of intracellular compartments with lysosomes, but it remains unclear whether all HOPS subunits are required. We showed that the whole HOPS complex is required for fusion of endosomes with lysosomes by monitoring the delivery of endocytosed fluorescent dextran to lysosomes in cells depleted of individual HOPS proteins. We used the crystal structure of the VPS16/VPS33A complex to design VPS16 and VPS33A mutants that no longer bind each other and showed that, unlike the wild-type proteins, these mutants no longer rescue lysosome fusion with endosomes or autophagosomes in cells depleted of the endogenous proteins. There was no effect of depleting either VIPAR or VPS33B, paralogs of VPS16 and VPS33A, on fusion of lysosomes with either endosomes or autophagosomes and immunoprecipitation showed that they form a complex distinct from HOPS. Our data demonstrate the necessity of recruiting the SM protein VPS33A to HOPS via its interaction with VPS16 and that HOPS proteins, but not VIPAR or VPS33B, are essential for fusion of endosomes or autophagosomes with lysosomes.
Proposal of a truncatedoctahedron-dodecahedron based spherical stepping motor (2010)

A novel stepping motor principle based on a pair of truncatedoctahedron and dodecahedron is proposed. At first, the advantages of the spherical motor are presented. Then, the goal of the spherical motor project is shown. Next, the principle of the conventional stepping motor is reviewed. Then, expand the principle of the conventional stepping motor to the three dimensional space with an example of a truncatedoctahedron and a regular dodecahedron based spherical stepping motor. Some polyhedrons are introduced for the candidates of making another polyhedron based spherical stepping motors. The proposed spherical stepping motors will be wide working area and high-torque.
Enabling digital pathology in the diagnostic setting: navigating through the implementation journey in an academic medical centre (2016)

Smooth integration of DP into the diagnostic laboratory is possible with careful planning, discipline and a systematic approach adhering to our guiding principles.
Control of electronic transport in nanohole defective zigzag graphene nanoribbon by means of side alkene chain (2015)

Spin-dependent transport properties can be modulated by the parity of the side alkene chain in defective ZGNR junctions.
Evidence for anti-viral effects of complete Freund’s adjuvant in the mouse model of enterovirus infection (2020)

Abstract Group B Coxsackieviruses belonging to the genus, Enterovirus, contain six serotypes that induce various diseases, whose occurrence may involve the mediation of more than one serotype. We recently identified immunogenic epitopes within CVB3 viral protein 1 that induce anti-viral T cell responses in mouse models of CVB infections. In our investigations to determine the protective responses of the viral epitopes, we unexpectedly noted that animals immunized with complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) alone and later challenged with CVB3 were completely protected against myocarditis. Similarly, the pancreatitis-inducing ability of CVB3 was remarkably reduced to only 10% in the CFA group as opposed to 73.3% in the control group that received no CFA. Additionally, no mortalities were noted in the CFA group, whereas 40% of control animals died during the course of 21 days post-infection with CVB3. Taken together, our data suggest that the adjuvant effects of CFA may be sufficient for protection against CVB infections. These observations may provide new insights into our understanding of the occurrence of viral infections. One example is Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) as individuals suffering from COVID-19 who have been vaccinated with Bacillus Calmette–Guérin appear to have fewer morbidities and mortalities than unvaccinated individuals.