gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supplemental Nicotinic Acid or Nicotinamide for Lactating Dairy Cows (1990)

In two experiments with multiparous Holstein cows, the effects of feeding supplemental nicotinic acid or nicotinamide on milk production and metabolite changes associated with early lactation were measured. In Experiment 1, 30 cows were assigned to three groups. The treatment groups received 6 g nicotinic acid or 6 g nicotinamide per head per day beginning 2 wk prepartum to 12 wk postpartum. Control group received no treatment. Cows receiving nicotinamide produced more milk (wk 9, 11, and 12) and had higher milk fat test (wk 1 and 4) than did controls. Concentrations of beta-hydroxybutyrate in blood serum (wk 4) were lower for cows receiving nicotinic acid or nicotinamide. Serum glucose concentration (wk 4 to 6) was higher and FFA (wk 4) were lower for cows receiving nicotinamide than for controls. In Experiment 2 with six multiparous Holstein cows, the effects of feeding nicotinamide on metabolic changes associated before, during, and after a 48-h period without feed initiated at 4 wk postpartum were studied. The treatment groups received 12 g nicotinamide per head per day beginning 2 wk prepartum to 4 wk postpartum. The control group received no treatment. Supplementing nicotinamide to lactating cows had no effect on serum glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate, or free fatty acids before, during, or after 48-h period without feed.
26-jährige Patientin mit Asthma-ähnlichem Anfall (2011)

Drug Prescribing for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in General Practice: a Cross-Sectional Study
Metal-Filled Adhesives Amenable To X-Ray Inspection (1994)

Adhesive joints between metal parts made amenable to nondestructive radiographic inspection by incorporating radiopaque fillers that increase x-ray contrasts of joints. Adhesives can be epoxies, urethanes, acrylics, phenolics, or silicones, with appropriate curing agents and with such modifiers as polysulfides, polyamides, or butadiene rubbers.
A high-performance, low-power linear algebra core (2011)

Achieving high-performance while reducing power consumption is a key concern as technology scaling is reaching its limits. It is well-accepted that application-specific custom hardware can achieve orders of magnitude improvements in efficiency. The question is whether such efficiency can be maintained while providing enough flexibility to implement a broad class of operations. In this paper, we aim to answer this question for the domain of matrix computations. We propose a design of a novel linear algebra core and demonstrate that it can achieve orders of magnitude improvements in efficiency for matrix-matrix multiplication, an operation that is indicative for a broad class of matrix computations. A feasibility study shows that 47 double- and 104 single-precision GFLOPS/W can be achieved in 19.5 and 15.6 GFLOPS/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , respectively with current components and standard 45nm technology.
Microscopical Morphology of Adsorbate Produced during Two-step Catalyzation Pretreatment and Deposit Formed at Initial Stage of Electroless Ni-P Deposition on Non-conductive Substrates (2004)

The electroless plating method has a particular advantage in that it accepts non-conductive substrates as its substrate materials. The catalyzation pretreatment process is essential for initiating electroless deposition. The most common two-step pretreatment process prior to electroless nickel plating was studied here, which includes the sensitizing step and the activating step. The objective of this study is to investigate the morphological changes of the adsorbate produced on the non-conductive substrates during the period before and after the deposition is initiated. The results obtained are as follows : By using an ICP for the nickel precipitate weight gain measurement when the glass substrate which conducted the catalyzation process was immersed in an electroless Ni-P plating bath, the results show that deposition is already initiated with a low deposition rate even before the deposition can be confirmed with a visual inspection. The observations of the catalyzed surfaces using SEM detect the aggregates of adparticles with sizes grown to reach several microns. The incidence of the grown aggregates has a tendency to be higher as the solubility of Sn in the activating solution is increases. Comparing the results of the morphological observation before and after the initiation of the deposition, it should be concluded that the aggregates produced during the activation step play the starting point of the massive nodular grains that exist on the surface of deposits.
Mitomycin C as Adjunct Therapy in Correcting Punctal Stenosis (2002)

Mitomycin C appears to be a safe and effective adjunct therapy in correcting punctal stenosis.
New Sufficient Conditions for the Stability of Slowly Varying Linear Systems (1993)

In this note we use the frozen approach to state some new sufficient conditions for the stability of linear time-varying systems. We establish an upper hound on the norm of the time derivative of system matrix which, under different assumptions on frozen-time system eigenvalues, guarantees asymptotic stability or exponential stability of the system.
The relevance of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentration for postoperative infections and postoperative organ dysfunctions in cardiac surgery patients: The eVIDenCe study (2018)

clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02488876), registered May 1, 2015.
List decoding of turbo codes (1998)

List decoding of turbo codes is analyzed under the assumption of a maximum-likelihood (ML) list decoder. It is shown that large asymptotic gains can be achieved on both the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and fully interleaved flat Rayleigh-fading channels. It is also shown that the relative asymptotic gains for turbo codes are larger than those for convolutional codes. Finally, a practical list decoding algorithm based on the list output Viterbi algorithm (LOVA) is proposed as an approximation to the ML list decoder. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm provides significant gains corroborating the analytical results. The asymptotic gain manifests itself as a reduction in the bit-error rate (BER) and frame-error rate (FER) floor of turbo codes.
Acute surgical unit safely reduces unnecessary after-hours cholecystectomy (2015)

Implementation of an ASU can lead to objective differences in outcomes for patients who present with acute cholecystitis. In our study, the ASU significantly reduced time to operation, the number of operations performed after hours and length of stay.
Development of a simple multiple mutation detection system using seed-coat flavonoid pigments in irradiated Arabidopsis M1 plants (2022)

Ionizing radiation induces genetic variations in plants, which makes it useful for plant breeding. A theory that the induced mutations occur randomly in the genome has long been accepted, but is now controversial. Nevertheless, a comparative analysis of the mutations at multiple loci has not been conducted using irradiated M<sub>1</sub> genomes that contain all types of mutations. In this study, we identified Arabidopsis mutants (pab2 and pab3) in a mutagenized population of an anthocyanin-positive seed mutant (ban). Both pab2 and pab3 were revealed to be double mutants (tt4 ban and tt8 ban, respectively) that produced similar anthocyanin-less immature seeds, but differentially colored mature seeds. These features enabled the seed color-based detection of de novo M<sub>1</sub> mutations in TT4 or TT8 following the irradiation of double heterozygous plants (TT4/tt4 TT8/tt8 ban/ban). Most of the irradiated double heterozygous plants produced anthocyanin-positive immature seeds, but 19 plants produced anthocyanin-less immature seeds. Of these 19 mutants, 2 and 17 exhibited tt4- and tt8-type mature seed coloration, respectively. The molecular analysis of the seed coat DNA from randomly selected anthocyanin-less seeds detected mutations at the locus predicted on the basis of the phenotype. Thus, the simple system developed in this study can reliably detect radiation-induced mutations at multiple loci in irradiated Arabidopsis M<sub>1</sub> plants.
Einleitung (2002)

Verbindungen, die einen hydrophilen (polaren) und einen hydrophoben (unpolaren) Teil enthalten, werden allgemein als Tenside bezeichnet. Infolge dieses amphiphilen Charakters sind sie in verschiedenartigen Lösungsmitteln, insbesondere in Wasser, grenzflächenaktiv. Das heißt, sie reichern sich in den Grenzflächen der wässrigen Phase an, und zwar unabhängig davon, ob eine gasförmige, flüssige oder feste Phase angrenzt. Bei dieser Adsorption bilden die Tensidmoleküle monomolekulare Filme an der Grenzfläche aus, die die Eigenschaften der Systeme nachhaltig beeinflussen können. Die Grenzflächenadsorption führt aus thermodynamischen Gründen zu folgenden Effekten: Reduktion der Grenzflächenspannung zwischen Wasser und der angrenzenden Phase Veränderung der Benetzungseigenschaften zwischen Wasser und Feststoffen Ausbildung elektrischer Doppelschichten an den Grenzflächen.
Rank Fusion of Results from Multiple Search Engines: An Implementation (2013)

For the distribution of information related to the wide range of topics the World Wide Web is emerging as an important medium. There are hundreds of millions of pages on the web today and this number is growing exponentially day by day. Looking for something valuable from this ocean of information is quite difficult and this is where rank fusion of results from multiple search engines comes into play. User searches the web in order to retrieve the useful document. A simple web search engines have comparatively small coverage as well as other problem that restrict their capacity to return important documents. The use of multiple searching is the solution for the above problem. It is a tool that sends the queries given by the user to multiple search engines and joins the results that are presented before the user. This improves the coverage and helps in recognizing the power and advantage of different search engines. Present search shows the result in an order that may not be according to the preferences of a particular user. It mostly happens that a URL that the user would like to visit is showing at the last and irrelevant URLs show at very first. In our multiple search engines, several search engines are employed and based on the prior order of clicking the URLs, search results are arranged. This is obtained by assigning weights to different search engines. Thus, a user interface has been implemented in order to provide the ranked results from multiple search engines.
Compact and portable X-ray imager system using Medipix3RX (2017)

In this paper the design and implementation of a novel portable X-ray imager system is presented. The design features a direct X-ray detection scheme by making use of a hybrid detector (Medipix3RX). Taking advantages of the capabilities of the Medipix3RX, like a high resolution, zero dead-time, single photon detection and charge-sharing mode, the imager has a better resolution and higher sensitivity compared to using traditional indirect detection schemes. A detailed description of the system is presented, which consists of a vacuum chamber containing the sensor, an electronic board for temperature management, conditioning and readout of the sensor and a data processing unit which also handles network connection and allow communication with clients by acting as a server. A field programmable gate array (FPGA) device is used to implement the readout protocol for the Medipix3RX, apart from the readout the FPGA can perform complex image processing functions such as feature extraction, histogram, profiling and image compression at high speeds. The temperature of the sensor is monitored and controlled through a PID algorithm making use of a Peltier cooler, improving the energy resolution and response stability of the sensor. Without implementing data compression techniques, the system is capable of transferring 680 profiles/s or 240 images/s in a continuous mode. Implementation of equalization procedures and tests on colour mode are presented in this paper. For the experimental measurements the Medipix3RX sensor was used with a Silicon layer. One of the tested applications of the system is as an X-ray beam position monitor (XBPM) device for synchrotron applications. The XBPM allows a non-destructive real time measurement of the beam position, size and intensity. A Kapton foil is placed in the beam path scattering radiation towards a pinhole camera setup that allows the sensor to obtain an image of the beam. By using profiles of the synchrotron X-ray beam, high frequency movement of the beam position can be studied, up to 340 Hz. The system is capable of realizing an independent energy measure of the beam by using the Medipix3RX variable energy threshold feature.
A prospective study to optimize insulin treatment by switching to insulin glargine in type 2 diabetic patients previously uncontrolled on premixed insulin: the optimization study (2012)

This single-arm study suggested that switching to insulin glargine plus OADs significantly improved glycaemic control, with a low incidence of hypoglycaemia, in patients with Type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on premixed insulin plus OADs. Switching to insulin glargine was also associated with better patient treatment satisfaction compared with previous treatment. The main limitations to this study are the open-label design and the lack of a control arm.
A realization of an emergency call system on an healthcare Real-time Location application platform (2010)

In modern hospitals, opposing forces between cutting costs and demands on service quality, growing workloads versus staff reductions, stimulate the need for systems that automatically support procedures in the background. Intelligent real-time positioning solutions can partially fill the gap. The ProAct <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> application platform addresses the common needs of indoor geolocation applications in healthcare. It enables the rapid development of rule-driven, location-based solutions for different problem domains. It is designed for multiple healthcare application areas including patient and staff security, asset management, clinical process analysis and context-sensitive information provision and guidance.
Multivariate Machine Learning Approaches for Data Fusion: Behavioral and Neuroimaging (Functional Near Infra-Red Spectroscopy) Datasets (2019)

Coupling behavioral with neuroimaging datasets promises to provide insight into medical data analyses. Here, we investigate the relation between psychopathic traits and brain activities captured by functional near infra-red spectroscopy during a moral judgment task.
Enhancement of the photonic gap of opal-based three-dimensional gratings (1997)

The “semimetallic” photonic band gap formed in a synthetic opal has been increased by depositing a layer (InP or TiO2) with high refractive index on the inner surface of opal voids. Reflectance spectra of the composites (nanolayers assembled within grating voids) are correlated with both the photonic structure of the opal and electronic structure of the semiconductor.
Luminescence of Long-Term Ordered Pure and Doped Gallium Phosphide (2008)

Evolution of luminescence is reported from GaP crystals that were grown over 40 years ago. This is the longest running cycle of experiments to study the temporal effects of crystal lattice and impurity ordering. The results clearly indicate impurity ordering and the formation of a new type of crystal lattice in which periodically disposed impurities modify and improve properties of the crystal. A high-density exciton system bound to a nitrogen impurity superlattice and GaP:N, GaP:N:Sm nanocrystals distributed in transparent fluorine-containing polymers will be used as the base elements for a new generation of optoelectronic devices.
New LISP techniques for a paging environment (1971)

The system described herein employs the block concept, and that of global and local variables, in addition to the methods applied in most LISP systems. Also, a new means of list representation is used: “local sequential” for lists created during compilation, and “block level sequential” for those created dynamically. A new garbage collection algorithm has been introduced to make lists as compact as possible; partial garbage collection is performed after each block exit instead of total garbage collection when storage is exhausted. The algorithm does not use the customary flagging procedure. This combination of features has eliminated the need for a free list, and effectively minimizes the number of pages used at any moment.
Percolate or die: Multi-percolation decides the struggle between\n competing innovations (2011)

Competition is one of the most fundamental phenomena in physics, biology and\neconomics. Recent studies of the competition between innovations have\nhighlighted the influence of switching costs and interaction networks, but the\nproblem is still puzzling. We introduce a model that reveals a novel\nmulti-percolation process, which governs the struggle of innovations trying to\npenetrate a market. We find that innovations thrive as long as they percolate\nin a population, and one becomes dominant when it is the only one that\npercolates. Besides offering a theoretical framework to understand the\ndiffusion of competing innovations in social networks, our results are also\nrelevant to model other problems such as opinion formation, political\npolarization, survival of languages and the spread of health behavior.\n
Lignocellulose Biotechnology: Current and Future Prospects (1993)

Lignocellulose is the most abundant biomass available on Earth. It has attracted considerable attention as an alternate feed stock and energy resource because of the large quantities available and its renewable nature. The potential uses of lignocelluloses are in pulp and paper industries, production of fuel alcohol and chemicals, protein for food, and feed using biotechnological means. The current industrial activity of lignocellulosic biomass fermentation is limited mainly because of the difficulty in economic bioconversion of these materials to value-added products. Considerable improvement in many processes related to lignocellulose biotechnology appeared during the last decade. Current uses of lignocellulosic biomass, process constraints, and areas of future research are discussed here.
Carboxyl-Truncated STAT5β Is Generated by a Nucleus-Associated Serine Protease in Early Hematopoietic Progenitors (1998)

Hematopoiesis is tightly controlled by a family of cytokines that signal through a related set of receptors. The pleiotropic and overlapping response of a cell to different cytokines is reflected in the number and complex pattern of activated signal transducers. Of special interest is STAT5, which is stimulated by a large and diverse set of cytokines. In addition to the two highly homologous proteins, STAT5A and STAT5B, encoded by duplicated genes, expression and activation of a dominant-negative, carboxyl-truncated form has also been described in early hematopoietic progenitors. We show here that a protease expressed in early hematopoietic cells cleaves the alpha forms of STAT5A/5B (p96/p94) to generate carboxyl-truncated beta forms (p80/p77). Inhibition studies assigned this protease to the serine class of endopeptidases. Cell fractionation experiments showed that the protease is associated with the nucleus in a constitutively activated form and does not require an activated STAT5 substrate. The ability of a protease to modulate the specificity of an activated transcription factor is unprecedented and underlines the importance of proteases in regulation of cell functions.
Bartonella (Rochalimaea) quintanaBacteremia in Inner-City Patients with Chronic Alcoholism (1995)

B. quintana is a cause of fever, bacteremia, and endocarditis in HIV-seronegative, homeless, inner-city patients with chronic alcoholism.
CuI/Oxalic Diamide Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of (Hetero)Aryl Chlorides and Amines (2015)

A class of oxalic diamides are found to be effective ligands for promoting CuI-catalyzed aryl amination with less reactive (hetero)aryl chlorides. The reaction proceeds at 120 °C with K3PO4 as the base in DMSO to afford a wide range of (hetero)aryl amines in good to excellent yields. The bis(N-aryl) substituted oxalamides are superior ligands to N-aryl-N'-alkyl substituted or bis(N-alkyl) substituted oxalamides. Both the electronic nature and the steric property of the aromatic rings in ligands are important for their efficiency.
Purification and Properties of β-1, 4-Xylanase from Aeromonas caviae W-61 (1991)

Aeromonas caviae W-61, which was isolated from water samples at the Faculty of Agriculture, Tohoku University, produced beta-1, 4-xylanase (1,4-beta-d-xylan xylanohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.8) extracellularly. The xylanase was purified to homogeneity by using DEAE-Sephadex A-50, CM-Sephadex C-50, and Sephadex G-100 column chromatographies. The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 22,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The isoelectric point of the enzyme was 9.2. The optimal pH and temperature for the activity of the enzyme were 7.0 and 55 degrees C, respectively. The enzyme was stable at pH 7.0 at temperatures of up to 50 degrees C. As enzymatic products, various xylo-oligosaccharides such as xylobiose, xylotriose, xylotetraose, and xylopentaose were formed, and only a small amount of xylose was detected. The purified enzyme did not hydrolyze starch, cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, or beta-1, 3-xylan.
Congenital heart block: evidence for a pathogenic role of maternal autoantibodies (2012)

During pregnancy in autoimmune conditions, maternal autoantibodies are transported across the placenta and may affect the developing fetus. Congenital heart block (CHB) is known to associate with the presence of anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB antibodies in the mother and is characterized by a block in signal conduction at the atrioventricular (AV) node. The mortality rate of affected infants is 15% to 30%, and most live-born children require lifelong pacemaker implantation. Despite a well-recognized association with maternal anti-Ro/La antibodies, CHB develops in only 1% to 2% of anti-Ro-positive pregnancies, indicating that other factors are important for establishment of the block. The molecular mechanisms leading to complete AV block are still unclear, and the existing hypotheses fail to explain all aspects of CHB in one comprehensive model. In this review, we discuss the different specificities of maternal autoantibodies that have been implicated in CHB as well as the molecular mechanisms that have been suggested to operate, focusing on the evidence supporting a direct pathogenic role of maternal antibodies. Autoantibodies targeting the 52-kDa component of the Ro antigen remain the antibodies most closely associated with CHB. In vitro experiments and animal models of CHB also point to a major role for anti-Ro52 antibodies in CHB pathogenesis and suggest that these antibodies may directly affect calcium regulation in the fetal heart, leading to disturbances in signal conduction or electrogenesis or both. In addition, maternal antibody deposits are found in the heart of fetuses dying of CHB and are thought to contribute to an inflammatory reaction that eventually induces fibrosis and calcification of the AV node, leading to a complete block. Considering that CHB has a recurrence rate of 12% to 20% despite persisting maternal autoantibodies, it has long been clear that maternal autoantibodies are not sufficient for the establishment of a complete CHB, and efforts have been made to identify additional risk factors for this disorder. Therefore, recent studies looking at the influence of genetic and environmental factors will also be discussed.