gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Routed roads: Probabilistic vision-based place recognition for changing conditions, split streets and varied viewpoints (2016)

Vision-based place recognition is becoming an increasingly viable component of navigation systems for autonomous robots and personal aids. However, attaining robustness to variations in environmental conditions—such as time of day, weather and season—and camera viewpoint remains a major challenge. Featureless, sequence-based place recognition techniques have demonstrated promise, but often rely on long image sequences, manually-tuned parameters and exhaustive sequence match searching through multiple locations and image scales. In this paper, we address these deficiencies by implementing a condition-invariant, sequence-based place recognition algorithm suitable for networked environments, such as city streets, and routes with lateral platform shift, such as multiple-lane roads. We achieve this capability by augmenting the traditional 1D image database with a directed graph to describe the branching of contiguous sections of imagery at intersections. A particle filter is then used to efficiently explore these paths, as well as various lateral positions synthesized by rescaling imagery. Our proposed approach eliminates manual tuning of sequence length parameters, improves localization on branched routes, improves overall place recognition accuracy and coverage, and reduces computational requirements. We evaluated the new method against the original SeqSLAM and SMART algorithms on two day–night, road-based datasets and a summer–winter train dataset, where it attained superior precision-recall performance and coverage in all environments. Together, these contributions represent a significant step towards the provision of a robust, near parameter-free condition- and viewpoint-invariant visual place recognition capability for vehicles and robots.
Depth Enhancement via Low-Rank Matrix Completion (2014)

Depth captured by consumer RGB-D cameras is often noisy and misses values at some pixels, especially around object boundaries. Most existing methods complete the missing depth values guided by the corresponding color image. When the color image is noisy or the correlation between color and depth is weak, the depth map cannot be properly enhanced. In this paper, we present a depth map enhancement algorithm that performs depth map completion and de-noising simultaneously. Our method is based on the observation that similar RGB-D patches lie in a very low-dimensional subspace. We can then assemble the similar patches into a matrix and enforce this low-rank subspace constraint. This low-rank subspace constraint essentially captures the underlying structure in the RGB-D patches and enables robust depth enhancement against the noise or weak correlation between color and depth. Based on this subspace constraint, our method formulates depth map enhancement as a low-rank matrix completion problem. Since the rank of a matrix changes over matrices, we develop a data-driven method to automatically determine the rank number for each matrix. The experiments on both public benchmarks and our own captured RGB-D images show that our method can effectively enhance depth maps.
Präoperative urogynäkologische Diagnostik (2010)

Preoperative Urogynaecological Diagnostic Procedures. Preoperative urogynae- cological diagnostic procedures are indicated when conservative treatment methods adapted to the patient have been exhausted and the treatment has not been satisfactory. Using spe- cific investigation procedures, the examiner de- termines whether the symptoms are accessible to surgical treatment and issues recommenda- tions as to whether and how the operation should be performed. The procedures also per- mit the investigator make a statement about preoperative treatments (such as preparation of tissue or treatment of infection) and about de- tails of the surgical procedure that would be of decisive importance for its successful outcome. One of the purposes of preoperative diagnostic procedures is to demonstrate pathophysiologi-
A simple magnetic nanoparticles-based viral RNA extraction method for efficient detection of SARS-CoV-2 (2020)

1 Abstract The ongoing outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) originating from Wuhan, China, draws worldwide concerns due to its long incubation period and strong infectivity. Although RT-PCR-based molecular diagnosis techniques are being widely applied for clinical diagnosis currently, timely and accurate diagnosis are still limited due to labour intensive and time-consuming operations of these techniques. To address the issue, herein we report the synthesis of poly (amino ester) with carboxyl groups (PC)-coated magnetic nanoparticles (pcMNPs), and the development of pcMNPs-based viral RNA extraction method for the sensitive detection of COVID-19 causing virus, the SARS-CoV-2. This method combines the lysis and binding steps into one step, and the pcMNPs-RNA complexes can be directly introduced into subsequent RT-PCR reactions. The simplified process can purify viral RNA from multiple samples within 20 min using a simple manual method or an automated high-throughput approach. By identifying two different regions ( ORFlab and N gene) of viral RNA, a 10-copy sensitivity and a strong linear correlation between 10 and 10 5 copies of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus particles are achieved. Benefitting from the simplicity and excellent performances, this new extraction method can dramatically reduce the turn-around time and operational requirements in current molecular diagnosis of COVID-19, in particular for the early clinical diagnosis.
Acyclic Stereocontrol in the Ireland–Claisen Rearrangement of α‐Branched Esters (2007)

To overcome the limitation of the poor diastereoselectivity of the title reaction with α-branched esters, chiral amides were used to generate the enolate intermediates diastereoselectively. The desired rearrangement then took place with efficient transfer of chirality to give densely functionalized products with at least one quaternary stereocenter (see scheme; PMB, TBS, and TBDPS are protecting groups). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2007/z702142_s.html or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Molecular Tweezers with Varying Anions: A Comparative Study (2013)

Selective binding of the phosphate-substituted molecular tweezer 1a to protein lysine residues was suggested to explain the inhibition of certain enzymes and the aberrant aggregation of amyloid petide Aβ42 or α-synuclein, which are assumed to be responsible for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, respectively. In this work we systematically investigated the binding of four water-soluble tweezers 1a–d (substituted by phosphate, methanephosphonate, sulfate, or O-methylenecarboxylate groups) to amino acids and peptides containing lysine or arginine residues by using fluorescence spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The comparison of the experimental results with theoretical data obtained by a combination of QM/MM and ab initio1H NMR shift calculations provides clear evidence that the tweezers 1a–c bind the amino acid or peptide guest molecules by threading the lysine or arginine side chain through the tweezers’ cavity, whereas in the case of 1d the guest molecule is preferentially positioned outside the tweezer’s cavity. Attractive ionic, CH-π, and hydrophobic interactions are here the major binding forces. The combination of experiment and theory provides deep insight into the host–guest binding modes, a prerequisite to understanding the exciting influence of these tweezers on the aggregation of proteins and the activity of enzymes.
Adaptive blind separation of independent sources: a second-order stable algorithm for the general case (2000)

In this paper, the adaptive separation of convolutive mixtures of independent sources is addressed. The case where the number of sensors is strictly greater than the number of sources is considered. Under a mild assumption on the unknown transfer function, it is shown that the separation can be nearly achieved by a three-step procedure: a linear prediction algorithm in the singular case; a separation of an instantaneous mixture; and the implementation of the inverse of the prediction filter. The main difficulty of this approach is to control the stability of this IIR filter. For that purpose, we use a normalized lattice structure, which is stable for any choice of its parameters.
SPECT/CT imaging of lower extremity perfusion reserve: A non-invasive correlate to exercise tolerance and cardiovascular fitness in patients undergoing clinically indicated myocardial perfusion imaging (2020)

Although exercise is often prescribed for the management of cardiovascular diseases, a non-invasive imaging approach that quantifies skeletal muscle physiology and correlates with patients’ functional capacity and cardiovascular fitness has been absent. Therefore, we evaluated the potential of lower extremity single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT perfusion imaging as a non-invasive correlate to exercise tolerance and cardiovascular fitness. Patients (n = 31) undergoing SPECT/CT myocardial perfusion imaging underwent additional stress/rest SPECT/CT imaging of the lower extremities. CT-based image segmentation was used for regional quantification of perfusion reserve within the tibialis anterior, soleus, and gastrocnemius muscles. Metabolic equivalents (METs) at peak exercise and heart rate recovery (HRR) after exercise were recorded. Peak METs were significantly associated with perfusion reserve of tibialis anterior (p = 0.02), soleus (p = 0.01) and gastrocnemius (p = 0.01). HRR was significantly associated with perfusion reserve of the soleus (p = 0.02) and gastrocnemius (p = 0.04) muscles. Perfusion reserve of the tibialis anterior (40.6 ± 20.2%), soleus (35.4 ± 16.7%), and gastrocnemius (29.7 ± 19.1%) all significantly differed from each other. SPECT/CT imaging provides regional quantification of skeletal muscle perfusion reserve which is significantly associated with exercise tolerance and cardiovascular fitness. Future application of SPECT/CT may elucidate the underlying skeletal muscle adapations to exercise therapy in patients with cardiovascular diseases.
Towards European standards for quantum technologies (2022)

Abstract The Second Quantum Revolution facilitates the engineering of new classes of sensors, communication technologies, and computers with unprecedented capabilities. Supply chains for quantum technologies are emerging, some focused on commercially available components for enabling technologies and/or quantum-technologies research infrastructures, others with already higher technology-readiness levels, near to the market. In 2018, the European Commission has launched its large-scale and long-term Quantum Flagship research initiative to support and foster the creation and development of a competitive European quantum technologies industry, as well as the consolidation and expansion of leadership and excellence in European quantum technology research. One of the measures to achieve an accelerated development and uptake has been identified by the Quantum Flagship in its Strategic Research Agenda: The promotion of coordinated, dedicated standardisation and certification efforts. Standardisation is indeed of paramount importance to facilitate the growth of new technologies, and the development of efficient and effective supply chains. The harmonisation of technologies, methodologies, and interfaces enables interoperable products, innovation, and competition, all leading to structuring and hence growth of markets. As quantum technologies mature, the time has come to start thinking about further standardisation needs. This article presents insights on standardisation for quantum technologies from the perspective of the CEN-CENELEC Focus Group on Quantum Technologies (FGQT), which was established in June 2020 to coordinate and support the development of standards relevant for European industry and research.
Nanoimpact Electrochemistry to Quantify the Transformation and Electrocatalytic Activity of Ni(OH)2 Nanoparticles: Toward the Size–Activity Relationship at High Throughput (2022)

The fast establishment of structure–reactivity relationships is crucial to identifying the most appropriate nanoparticles (NPs) for a given application. This requires the development of methodologies allowing, simultaneously, the unraveling of the NPs geometry and the screening of their reactivity. Herein, nanoimpact electrochemistry (NIE) allows for quantifying the transformation and measuring the electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) of >100 Ni(OH)2 NPs of a wide range of size (NP radii from 25 to 100 nm). This is achieved by scanning electrochemical microscopy in a generation/collection-like mode, with one electrode being used to electrogenerate by local precipitation colloidal Ni(OH)2 NPs and the second one being used to collect them by NIE. It allows (i) quantifying the reductive and oxidative conversion of the Ni(OH)2 NPs and (ii) separating the electrochemical conversion and the OER electrocatalysis, leading to the evaluation of a structure–activity relationship.
Recycling of Li-Ion Batteries from Industrial Processing: Upscaled Hydrometallurgical Treatment and Recovery of High Purity Manganese by Solvent Extraction (2023)

Manganese plays a central role in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) but its recycling is rarely addressed when compared to other valuable metals present in LIBs, such as Co and Ni. Thus, the main goal of this work was to study and achieve the separation of Mn from Co and Ni by solvent extraction from a leachate obtained from LIBs using hydrochloric acid in an upscaled reactor, which is an innovative aspect of this work. The results confirmed the high selectivity of D2EHPA towards Mn, which could be completely extracted in two stages (0.5 M D2EHPA at pH 2.5). The main co-extracted metals were Al, Cu and Co, but with lower concentrations than Mn. The behavior of minor impurities such as Zn and Mg was also monitored. Scrubbing using manganese chloride was crucial to remove impurities from the loaded organic and prevent their presence in the stripping product, and high O:A ratios negatively affected the scrubbing efficiency. Keeping the concentration of HCl up to 0.5 M in the stripping stage helped to limit the stripping of impurities. Manganese oxide was precipitated as a product with 99.5% purity (with traces of Zn, Cu and Co), which could be reused in the battery value chain.
The new cytotoxic antibiotic cytorhodin X, an unusual anthracyclinone-9.ALPHA.-glycoside. (1992)

Fromour screening programfor novel antitumor antibiotics several anthracyclines (cytorhodins AW
Disposable sheath that facilitates endoscopic Raman spectroscopy (2016)

In vivo endoscopic Raman spectroscopy of human tissue using a fiber optic probe has been previously demonstrated. However, there remain several technical challenges, such as a robust control over the laser radiation dose and measurement repeatability during endoscopy. A decrease in the signal to noise was also observed due to aging of Raman probe after repeated cycles of harsh reprocessing procedures. To address these issues, we designed and tested a disposable, biocompatible, and sterile sheath for use with a fiber optic endoscopic Raman probe. The sheath effectively controls contamination of Raman probes between procedures, greatly reduces turnaround time, and slows down the aging of the Raman probes. A small optical window fitted at the sheath cap maintained the measurement distance between Raman probe end and tissue surface. To ensure that the sheath caused a minimal amount of fluorescence and Raman interference, the optical properties of materials for the sheath, optical window, and bonding agent were studied. The easy-to-use sheath can be manufactured at a moderate cost. The sheath strictly enforced a maximum permissible exposure standard of the tissue by the laser and reduced the spectral variability by 1.5 to 8.5 times within the spectral measurement range.
Microphone-array speech recognition via incremental map training (2002)

For a hidden Markov model (HMM) based speech recognition system it is desirable to combine enhancement of the acoustical signal and statistical representation of model parameters, ensuring both a high quality speech signal and an appropriately trained HMM. In this paper the incremental variant of maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation is used to adjust the parameters of a talker-independent HMM-based speech recognition system to accurately recognize speech data acquired with a microphone-array. The approach is novel for a microphone-array speech recognition task in that a robust talker-independent model is derived from a baseline system using a relatively small amount of data for training. The results show that (1) ILIAP training significantly improves recognition performance compared to the baseline, and (2) beamforming signal enhancement outperforms single-channel enhancement before and after the adaptive MAP training.
Adhésion et adhérence entre les peintures automobiles et des adhésifs sensibles à la pression : influence du nettoyage sur la physico-chimie et la tenue mécanique des interfaces (2004)

Automotive topcoats are constituted of basecoat/clearcoat system or lacquer. Analyses of their outermost surface point out that polysiloxane additives are detected on the clearcoats and oxygenated compounds are detected on the lacquer, these compounds cover partially the polyacrylate-polyurethane network. The segregation of siloxane additives to the clearcoat surface decrease the adhesion of pressure-sensitive adhesives. The slight adhesion is explained by calculation of solubility parameters : the interaction between siloxane additives and PSA is lower than the interaction between polyacrylate network and adhesive. Analyses point out that an ethanol cleaning can remove additives from the topcoat surface and improve considerably adhesion to clearcoats. Moreover, this study characterizes the mechanical behaviours of two PSA families, which are composed of elastomer or acrylic copolymers. The local peel strength is correlated to the adhesive deformation. The majority of peel strength is dissipated when elongation is maximum. Adhesives behaviours depend on the composition (elastomer or acrylic) and peel strength is proportional to the contact area with the substrate.
Late Breaking Abstract - Longitudinal analysis of variation in clinical features from the U-BIOPRED severe asthma cohort (2018)

<b>Introduction:</b> The U-BIOPRED cohort presents an exceptional opportunity to longitudinally monitor disease variation in severe asthma. <b>Aims:</b> To determine the variability of severe asthma over 12-24 months in the U-BIOPRED cohort by initially focusing on clinical parameters; lung function, exacerbations and asthma symptom control. <b>Methods:</b> Lung function, exacerbation history and asthma control questionnaire (ACQ-5) were determined at baseline (Shaw et al.) and longitudinally. <b>Results:</b> 321 severe asthma patients were present in the longitudinal cohort with a mean of 454 days in the study. The longitudinal set of participants (321) were a good representation of the whole of severe asthma cohort at baseline (421). Most clinical and biomarker measurements including the FEV<sub>1</sub> actual, exacerbation and ACQ means were not significantly different between the baseline and longitudinal visits- Table 1. There was no difference between the smoking and non-smoking cohorts. However at an individual level there was variation and some participants deteriorated, and some improved. <b>Summary:</b> Longitudinal U-BIOPRED data quality is valid. Further methods of analysis will move away from characterisation of group means towards understanding individual factors relating to disease progression in the U-BIOPRED cohort.
Modeling of batch reactions with in situ spectroscopic measurements and calorimetry (2005)

Abstract This paper describes kinetic fitting of UV‐visible spectra and energy flow measured as a function of time from a reaction calorimeter, giving a single global model that achieves fusion of spectroscopic and calorimetry data. We demonstrate that a temperature controlled model of a reaction mechanism fitted to in situ spectroscopic measurements can be coupled to an energy balance model, since the amount of energy released by the reaction is proportional to the change in concentration of reactants and products with time. This allows simultaneous determination of the reaction mechanism parameters and the reaction enthalpy by fitting the coupled model to the spectroscopic and temperature data. The resulting model fully characterizes the kinetics and thermochemical properties of reactions that take place during a batch titration reaction of salicylic acid (SA) with acetic anhydride (AA) to form acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). The model comprises a system of ordinary differential equations fit directly to the spectroscopic and calorimetry data. It permits accurate estimates of model parameters producing estimates of concentration and reaction temperature profiles as a function of time, provided a sufficiently accurate description of the reaction mechanism is specified. No standards or pure component spectra were required, giving calibration‐free estimates of concentration and temperature profiles. The parameters estimated in the model include kinetic rate constants and heat of reaction of the reactions observed during the experiment. In addition, heat capacities of reagents flowing into the reactor and thermal transfer coefficients were estimated. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
The Fate of NHC‐Stabilized Dicarbon (2015)

The attempted synthesis of NHC-stabilized dicarbon (NHC=C=C=NHC) through deprotonation of a doubly protonated precursor ([NHC-CH=CH-NHC](2+) ) is reported. Rather than deprotonation, a clean reduction to NHC=CH-CH=NHC is observed with a variety of bases. The apparent resistance towards deprotonation to the target compound led to a reinvestigation of the electronic structure of NHC→CC←NHC, which showed that the highest occupied molecular orbital/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO/LUMO) gap is likely too small to allow for isolation of this species. This is in contrast to the recent isolation of the cyclic alkylaminocarbene analogue (cAAC=C=C=cAAC), which has a large HOMO-LUMO gap. A detailed theoretical study illuminates the differences in electronic structures between these molecules, highlighting another case of the potential advantages of using cAAC rather than NHC as a ligand. The bonding analysis suggests that the dicarbon compounds are well represented in terms of donor-acceptor interactions L→C2 ←L (L=NHC, cAAC).
Data Marketplace for Efficient Data Placement (2013)

Data values are uneven. Some data have higher (financial) values than others. Data with low value-density should be reduced in size or removed in order to make room for new data with higher values. Okanohara et al. [9] argued that the data values will determine the placement of data in the network so as to maximize the utilization of the storage capacity (and the processing power) of the entire network, and proposed an architecture called Krill. Determining data values, however, is not an easy task because the data values are speculative, meaning that the future values are usually unknown. This paper discusses an attempt to adopt the marketplace concept for determining the data values. It is expected the market efficiency guarantees the best possible value is assigned to each data item. We consider two models with different complexity and show that the overall utilization of the network is maximized.