gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vapor‐phase polymerization of pyrrole on flexible substrate at low temperature and its application in heat generation (2009)

Abstract The vapor‐phase polymerization of pyrrole to form conducting polypyrrole (PPy) films was applied to coat flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabrics. A PPy‐coated PET fabric surface resistance of 200–20 000 Ω□ −1 was obtained. The polymerization conditions, such as the concentration of oxidant and the reaction time and temperature, were systematically investigated. The coated fabric samples exhibited increasing temperatures when subjected to a fixed DC voltage. This result indicates the potential of these PPy‐coated fabric materials for heating applications. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Experimental Study on Co-hydroprocessing Canola Oil and Heavy Vacuum Gas Oil Blends (2013)

Experimental studies have been conducted on the co-hydroprocessing of canola oil–heavy vacuum gas oil (HVGO) blends with different blending ratios under typical hydroprocessing conditions. It was found that the HVGO–canola oil blend feeds had higher conversion to light product than the pure HVGO feed at similar operating conditions. However, the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) were not affected by the addition of canola oil into the HVGO. Under similar conversion or light product yield, coprocessing HVGO–canola oil blends required lower temperature and/or pressure than hydroprocessing the pure HVGO, an implication of potential energy saving. It was also found that at the same conversion, the HVGO–canola oil blends generated more diesel but less gasoline than pure HVGO, an effective way to meet the fast increasing diesel demand.
Toward Automated Air Traffic Control—Investigating a Fundamental Paradigm Shift in Human/Systems Interaction (2012)

Predicted air traffic increases over the next 25 years may create a significant capacity problem that the United States' National Airspace System will be unable to accommodate. The concept of introducing automated separation assurance was proposed to help solve this problem. However, the introduction of such a concept involves a fundamental paradigm shift in which automation is allowed to perform safety-critical tasks that today are strictly the air traffic controllers' domain. Moving toward automated air traffic control, therefore, requires a careful and thorough investigation. As part of an ongoing series, three human-in-the-loop simulation studies were conducted at the NASA Ames Research Center with the overarching goal of determining whether the automated separation assurance concept can be integrated into air traffic control operations in an acceptable and safe manner. These studies investigated a range of issues including the proper levels of automation for given capacity targets, off-nominal operations from both air and ground perspectives, and sustained near-full mission operations with many tasks allocated to the automation in the presence of convective weather and scheduling constraints. Overall, it was found that the concept has the potential to solve the envisioned airspace capacity problem. The automation was largely effective and robust, and the function allocation of tasks between controllers and automation was generally acceptable. However, feedback and results also showed that further technological development is necessary to improve trajectory prediction and conflict detection accuracy. The need for further procedural development to govern controller/automation and air/ground interactions was also highlighted. These and other considerations are addressed as the automated separation assurance concept is further tested and pursued through subsequent studies.
Triple Hybrid Energy Harvesting Interface Electronics (2016)

This study presents a novel triple hybrid system that combines simultaneously generated power from thermoelectric (TE), vibration-based electromagnetic (EM) and piezoelectric (PZT) harvesters for a relatively high power supply capability. In the proposed solution each harvesting source utilizes a distinct power management circuit that generates a DC voltage suitable for combining the three parallel supplies. The circuits are designed and implemented in 180 nm standard CMOS technology, and are terminated with a schottky diode to avoid reverse current flow. The harvested AC signal from the EM harvester is rectified with a self-powered AC-DC doubler, which utilizes active diode structures to minimize the forward- bias voltage drop. The PZT interface electronics utilizes a negative voltage converter as the first stage, followed by synchronous power extraction and DC-to-DC conversion through internal switches, and an external inductor. The ultra-low voltage DC power harvested by the TE generator is stepped up through a charge-pump driven by an LC oscillator with fully- integrated center-tapped differential inductors. Test results indicate that hybrid energy harvesting circuit provides more than 1 V output for load resistances higher than 100 kΩ (10 μW) where the stand-alone harvesting circuits are not able to reach 1 V output. This is the first hybrid harvester circuit that simultaneously extracts energy from three independent sources, and delivers a single DC output.
Designing Lipase‐Compatible Ionic Liquids as Novel Solvents for Starch Ester Biosynthesis (2019)

Abstract The enzymatic esterification of starch in ionic liquids (ILs) has gained considerable attention in the food industry. However, ILs usually denature enzymes, limiting starch esterification. Herein, two novel ILs that promote starch dissolution and maintained enzyme activity are designed. In the ILs, starch solubility increases from &lt;0.5 wt% to above 10 wt% at 100 °C, and enzyme stability is maintained. To assess the application of the ILs in enzymatic starch esterification, two types of starch esters are synthesized in the ILs with the addition of Novozyme 435. The degree of substitution (DS) value of starch esters is higher in the ILs than in DMSO. The maximum DS value of starch palmitate and starch stearate reach 0.153 and 0.138, under the optimum conditions. Also, the ILs can be easily recycled. These findings suggest that ILs with allyl, alkyloxy groups, and acetate anions could be potential environmentally friendly solvents for enzymatic starch esterification.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Percolation in the PbM1‐xMx′O3 (M,M′: Ti, Cr, and V) Perovskites. (2011)

Abstract PbM 1‐x 1 M x 2 O 3 (M 1 , M 2 : Ti, Cr, V) solid solutions are characterized by powder XRD, HRTEM, magnetization measurements, and strain mapping analysis.
A microplate spectrofluorometric assay for bacterial biofilms (2006)

A spectrofluorometric assay was developed for quantification of bacterial biofilms grown on a microtiter plate. The method involved staining biofilms formed by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria with wheat germ agglutinin-Alexa Fluor 488 conjugate, which selectively binds to N-acetylglucosamine residues in biofilms. The fluorescence of stained biofilms was measured with a fluorescent plate reader. This method was compared with a widely used microplate colorimetric assay involving crystal violet staining of biofilms formed by both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. A strong linear association existed between the two methods (r (2)=0.99/0.94). Being more sensitive and specific as compared to colorimetric method, the spectrofluorometric assay provides a better alternative for quantification and characterization of bacterial biofilms.
A Contrast between Different Therapies for Deep Epistaxis (2004)

Objective To search for a more efficient primary therapy for deep epistaxis. Methods Group A: To make anterior nares packing the first choice, followed by posterior nares packing. When neither therapy works out, a related artery ligation operation is needed. Group B: To make anterior nares packing the first choice, followed by posterior nares packing in some cases. If it does not work out, nasal endoscopy checkup is carried out. When hemorrhage points occur, glutin sponge mini packing is conducted. Group C: To make nasal endoscopy the first choice. When hemorrhage points occur, glutin sponge mini packing is carried out. Results Group A: There are altogether 52 cases of deep epistaxis, 17 of which receive blood transfusion. The patients stay in hospital for 14.4 days on average, none of whom have obvious hemorrhage points. 52 have anterior nares packing treatment from twice to five times respectively, i.e., an average level of 3.4 times, with 22 cured. 30 receive posterior nares packing treatment from once to three times, i.e., an average level of 1.6 times, with 9 cured. And 18 have yet another related artery ligation operation, with 14 cured. With 7 left uncured, the recovery rate is 86.54% (45/52). Group B: There are altogether 58 cases of deep epistaxis staying in hospital for 10.7 days on average, 5 of which receive blood transfusion. 58 have anterior nares packing treatment from once to three times respectively, i.e., an average level of 1.8 times, 9 of whom also receive posterior nares packing. Nasal endoscopy checkup is carried out to search for hemorrhage points, with 20 cured the first time and 35 cured the second time. Glutin sponge mini packing is conducted, with 37 cured the first time and 18 cured the second time. With 3 more self-cured, the recovery rate is 100% (58/58). Group C: There are altogether 67 cases of deep epistaxis staying in hospital for 5.7 days on average, none of which receive blood transfusion. Nasal endoscopy checkup is carried out to search for hemorrhage points, with 53 cured the first time and 10 cured the second time. With 4 more self-cured, the recovery rate is 100% (67/67). Conclusion Nasal endoscopy checkup and glutin sponge mini packing are recommended for the primary therapies for deep epistaxis, especially when it comes to the strait and concealed parts of nasal cavity or in the state of hemorrhage.
Pressure effects on the Raman spectra of micelles: Pressure induced phase transition and structural changes in aqueous sodium oleatea) (1983)

The Raman spectrum of an aqueous micellar solution of sodium oleate has been studied at pressures up to 5.05 kbar. It is shown that the acyl chain interactions are enhanced by pressure and that the number of gauche bonds in the micellar phase increases with increasing pressure. A first-order phase transition, from the micellar isotropic phase to a solidlike coagel phase was found to occur at 1.7 kbar. This phase transition has a very high pressure hysteresis. Significant differences were observed between the pressure and temperature effects on many structural properties of this aqueous sytem.
P478 Identification of clinical Candida isolates using maldi-tof-ms and their antifungal susceptibility profile—a study from tertiary care pediatric hospital in noida (2022)

Abstract Poster session 1, September 21, 2022, 12:30 PM - 1:30 PM Introduction Objectives Material and Methods The study was conducted in Department of Microbiology during the period of August 2018 to August 2021. Results Conclusion Rapid identification of Candida species using Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) as a reliable and rapid technique for Candida species identification as candida is an important cause of neonatal sepsis and sepsis related mortality. Sources
Growth Factors and Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration (2004)

The results from these in vitro and in vivo studies reviewed here clearly suggest the potential usefulness of growth factor injections as a new approach to restore intervertebral disc degeneration at an early stage.
Minocycline and aspirin in the treatment of bipolar depression: a protocol for a proof-of-concept, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2×2 clinical trial (2012)

Clinical Trials.gov: NCT01429272.
ChemInform Abstract: Seven‐Membered Ring Synthesis via Iron‐Mediated Carbonylative Ring Expansion and σ‐Alkyl‐π‐allyl Complexes (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Pharmacokinetic study of deuterium-labelled coenzyme Q10 in man. (1986)

The pharmacokinetics of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in man was studied by utilizing deuterium-labelled coenzyme Q10 (d5-CoQ10). The absence of an isotope effect in the disposition of d5-CoQ10 in man was confirmed from the plasma concentration time curves after simultaneous oral dosing of d5-CoQ10 and unlabelled CoQ10. After oral administration of 100 mg of d5-CoQ10 to 16 healthy male subjects, the mean plasma CoQ10 level attained a peak of 1.004 +/- 0.370 micrograms/ml at 6.5 +/- 1.5 h after administration, and the terminal elimination half-life was 33.19 +/- 5.32 h. In most of the subjects, plasma d5-CoQ10 showed a second peak at 24 h after dosing. This unusual plasma level curve was well described by a newly proposed compartment model based upon the assumption that absorbed CoQ10 is taken up by the liver and then transferred mainly to VLDL and redistributed from the liver to the systemic blood.
Systementwurf eines MST basierten piezoelektrischen Versorgungsmoduls für energieautarke Anwendungen (2013)

Zusammenfassung Der Systementwurf eines piezoelektrischen Versorgungsmoduls für ein energieautarkes Reifendruck-Kontrollsystems (RDKS) wird beschrieben. Hierfür werden der Generatorentwurf unter Einbeziehung des piezoelektrischen Materialsystems sowie die Auslegung der spezifischen Schnittstellenschaltung betrachtet. Die vorgestellte, auf einer analytischen Modellierung beruhende Entwurfsmethode, erlaubt es einen geeigneten Parameterraum für die Generatorgeometrie zu identifizieren.
Single-wafer integrated 140 W silicon concentrator module (2002)

A wafer-scale-integrated (WSI) module of back-side contact (BSC) solar cells has been developed for central receiver or concentrating dish applications. Two parallel strings of five series-connected BSC cells on a single 4 in silicon wafer, mounted on a cold plate, form a 6 cm*6 cm monolithic module producing more than 140 W under 20 W/cm/sup 2/ at operating temperature. The best measured efficiency is 20.8% at around 7 W/cm/sup 2/ and at 39 degrees C cell temperature. At 25 degrees C, the monolithic module is 22% efficient at 5.8 W/cm/sup 2/.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Poor medication adherence in type 2 diabetes: recognizing the scope of the problem and its key contributors (2016)

At least 45% of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) fail to achieve adequate glycemic control (HbA1c <7%). One of the major contributing factors is poor medication adherence. Poor medication adherence in T2D is well documented to be very common and is associated with inadequate glycemic control; increased morbidity and mortality; and increased costs of outpatient care, emergency room visits, hospitalization, and managing complications of diabetes. Poor medication adherence is linked to key nonpatient factors (eg, lack of integrated care in many health care systems and clinical inertia among health care professionals), patient demographic factors (eg, young age, low education level, and low income level), critical patient beliefs about their medications (eg, perceived treatment inefficacy), and perceived patient burden regarding obtaining and taking their medications (eg, treatment complexity, out-of-pocket costs, and hypoglycemia). Specific barriers to medication adherence in T2D, especially those that are potentially modifiable, need to be more clearly identified; strategies that target poor adherence should focus on reducing medication burden and addressing negative medication beliefs of patients. Solutions to these problems would require behavioral innovations as well as new methods and modes of drug delivery.
HPLC, NMR and MALDI-TOF MS Analysis of Condensed Tannins from Lithocarpus glaber Leaves with Potent Free Radical Scavenging Activity (2008)

Using acid-catalyzed degradation in the presence of cysteamine, the condensed tannins from Lithocarpus glaber leaves were characterized, following thiolysis, by means of reversed-phase HPLC, 13C-NMR and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analyses. The thiolysis reaction products showed the presence of the procyanidin (PC) and prodelphinidin (PD) structures. The 13C-NMR spectrum revealed that the condensed tannins were comprised of PD (72.4%) and PC (27.6%), and with a greater content of cis configuration rather than the trans configuration of C2-C3. The MALDI-TOF MS analysis proved the presence of PD units, and the maximum degree of polymerization (DP) was an undecamer. The antioxidant activity of condensed tannins from L. glaber leaves was evaluated by using a free radical scavenging activity assay.
Alternative methods for introducing new wireless intelligent network services using triggers and queries (2002)

Wireless service providers are challenging equipment vendors to help them meet the rigorous demands placed on them from subscribers insisting on more functionality. Not only are subscriber bases growing at a tremendous rate, but as subscribers become increasingly accustomed to using wireless phones, they are becoming more mobile and requiring more services. Expectations for services have gone beyond the need for emergency assistance; people require the same functionality (such as messaging, message notification, and enhanced features) that they are using on their landline phones. The wireless intelligent network (WIN) paradigm is key to helping service providers offer new enhanced services, but equipment vendors have not been able to keep up with requests for new triggers and protocols that the market demands in order to provide enhanced services. To address the urgency for quicker time-to-market and ubiquitous service offerings, alternative means of providing enhanced services must be deployed while waiting for the standards to finalize and for equipment vendors to catch up. As the market places pressure on the WIN architecture to improve time-to-market requirements, many critical decisions will be made. Some key considerations that will be discussed in this paper are where new services belong, where the triggers or queries should be invoked, and how standards will guide these decisions.
Feature ranking fusion for text classifier (2012)

Feature ranking is widely used in text classification. One problem with feature ranking methods is their non-robust behavior when applied to different data sets. In other words, the feature ranking methods behave differently from one data set to the
Intrinsic Stepwise Translocation of Stretched ssDNA in Graphene Nanopores (2015)

We investigate by means of molecular dynamics simulations stretch-induced stepwise translocation of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) through graphene nanopores. The intrinsic stepwise DNA motion, found to be largely independent of size and shape of the graphene nanopore, is brought about through alternating conformational changes between spontaneous adhesion of DNA bases to the rim of the graphene nanopore and unbinding due to mechanical force or electric field. The adhesion reduces the DNA bases' vertical conformational fluctuations, facilitating base detection and recognition. A graphene membrane shaped as a quantum point contact permits, by means of transverse electronic conductance measurement, detection of the stepwise translocation of the DNA as predicted through quantum mechanical Green's function-based transport calculations. The measurement scheme described opens a route to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio not only by slowing down DNA translocation to provide sufficient time for base recognition but also by stabilizing single DNA bases and, thereby, reducing thermal noise.
A basal ganglia-forebrain circuit in the songbird biases motor output to avoid vocal errors (2009)

In songbirds, as in mammals, basal ganglia-forebrain circuits are necessary for the learning and production of complex motor behaviors; however, the precise role of these circuits remains unknown. It has recently been shown that a basal ganglia-forebrain circuit in the songbird, which projects directly to vocal-motor circuitry, has a premotor function driving exploration necessary for vocal learning. It has also been hypothesized that this circuit, known as the anterior forebrain pathway (AFP), may generate an instructive signal that improves performance in the motor pathway. Here, we show that the output of the AFP directly implements a motor correction that reduces vocal errors. We use disruptive auditory feedback, contingent on song pitch, to induce learned changes in song structure over the course of hours and find that reversible inactivation of the output of the AFP produces an immediate regression of these learned changes. Thus, the AFP is involved in generating an error-reducing bias, which could increase the efficiency of vocal exploration and instruct synaptic changes in the motor pathway. We also find that learned changes in the song generated by the AFP are incorporated into the motor pathway within 1 day. Our observations support a view that basal ganglia-related circuits directly implement behavioral adaptations that minimize errors and subsequently stabilize these adaptations by training premotor cortical areas.
Dependence of the compaction of vitreous silica on the ionization dose (1978)

Earlier data for the relationship of negative dilatation of vitreous silica to the ionization dose of 0.3 and 0.6-MeV electrons are clarified and corrected. Values are given for the maximum and the mean dilatations along the electron path in the material.
Overexpression of leptin receptor predicts an unfavorable outcome in Middle Eastern ovarian cancer (2009)

Our findings have potential clinical implication for EOC development and progression.
Preoperative Radiotherapy Combined with S-1 for Advanced Lower Rectal Cancer: Phase I Trial (2011)

The RD of S-1 with concurrent RT was determined to be 80mg/m2/day. Preoperative RT combined with S-1 was feasible and well tolerated.
Breadth-First Search Crawling Yields High-Quality Pages (2001)

This paper examines the average page quality over time of pages downloaded during a web crawl of 328 million unique pages. We use the connectivity-based metric PageRank to measure the quality of a page. We show that traversing the web graph in breadth-first search order is a good crawling strategy, as it tends to discover high-quality pages early on in the crawl.
T-ray spectroscopy of biomolecules (2007)

In the past few years it has been shown that the THz spectra of many polycrystalline biomolecules show very distinct, characteristic features. The fact that these specific signatures can be used to identify many samples such as pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs, and explosives through a wide range of common packaging materials has spurred an increased commercial interest in THz-TDS and imaging. However, most of these signatures that occur in the spectra of polycrystalline samples originate from phonon-like vibrations of the well-ordered intermolecular structure. The spectra of larger biomolecules, due to the lack of such a long-range order, quite often show only a broad, featureless absorption. Furthermore, the sample preparation becomes more and more important, as many of these sample are only available in very small quantities or in liquid solutions. These hurdles constrict many biomedical applications of THz spectroscopy. In this presentation, we will show, based on a wide range of examples, the potential that THz-TDS and imaging hold for biomedical applications and discuss possibilities for overcoming the hurdles that currently obstruct their application.