gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual Chemical Role of Ag as an Additive in Chalcogenide Glasses (1999)

Ternary $({\mathrm{Ge}}_{x}{\mathrm{Se}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{)}_{1\ensuremath{-}y}{\mathrm{Ag}}_{y}$ bulk glasses in the Se-rich region $(x&lt;\frac{1}{3})$ are shown to be intrinsically phase separated into an ${\mathrm{Ag}}_{2}\mathrm{Se}$-rich glass and a residual ${\mathrm{Ge}}_{t}{\mathrm{Se}}_{1\ensuremath{-}t}$ backbone ( $t&gt;x$ at $y\ensuremath{\ne}0$) with Ag acting as a network modifier. The existence of an ${\mathrm{Ag}}_{2}\mathrm{Se}$ glass with a ${T}_{g}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}230\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$ is explained quantitatively in terms of constraint counting algorithms. In contrast, Ge-rich glasses $(x\ensuremath{\ge}\frac{2}{5})$ are homogeneous, wherein Ag acts as a network former, replacing available Ge sites of the backbone to be 3-fold coordinated to Se.
Control of the variable speed generator on the Sandia 34-metre vertical axis wind turbine (1989)

The DOE/Sandia 34-metre VAWT Test Bed is a 500kW variable-speed wind turbine. The turbine is operated between 25 and 38 rpm and has been characterized from a structural and aerodynamic stand point. A preliminary variable speed control algorithm has been implemented on the Test Bed. This paper describes the initial variable-speed control algorithm developed for the Test Bed and the performance of that algorithm to date. Initial performance comparisons between variable-speed and fixed-speed operation are made as well as some thoughts on the expansion of the operating envelope of the Test Bed. 7 refs., 4 figs.
New Static Concentrator for Bifacial Photovoltaic Solar Cells (2020)

Two new static nonimaging designs for bifacial solar cells are presented. These concentrators have been obtained with the Simultaneous Multiple Surface design method of Nonimaging Optics. The main characteristics of these concentrators are: (1) high compactness, (2) linear symmetry (in order to be made by low cost extrusion), (3) performance close to the thermodynamic limit, and (4) at least one non-shading sizable gap between the cell edges and the optically active surfaces. This last feature is interesting because this gap can be used to allocate the interconnections between cells, with no additional optical losses. As an example of the results, two designs for an acceptance angle of ±30 degrees gets a geometrical concentration of 4.8x and 4.3x, with an average thickness to entry aperture width ratio of 0.24. The three dimensional ray-tracing analysis of the concentrators is also presented.
Distributed Hybrid Secondary Control for a DC Microgrid via Discrete-Time Interaction (2018)

This paper studies the current sharing problem of a dc microgrid using the hybrid dynamic control method. The hybrid dynamic controller framework is established including a continuous-time part and a discrete-time part, where the former part eliminates the voltage deviation of the dc bus and the latter part ensures the current sharing accuracy of the dc microgrid. The proposed distributed hybrid secondary controller not only guarantees a high accuracy of current sharing but also maintains the voltage regulation at the dc bus. Different from most existing methods, it only utilizes the sampling output current information of neighbors at the discrete time instants, which greatly reduces the communication burden. Under the framework of stability analysis on the closed-loop system, the proposed hybrid dynamic controller achieves both current sharing and voltage regulation if the average interacted interval of the discrete time interaction satisfies a bounded constraint. Besides, a detailed parameter design of the controller is provided. Finally, simulation and experimental tests are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Multi‐armed poly(L‐glutamic acid)‐graft‐oligoethylenimine copolymers as efficient nonviral gene delivery vectors (2009)

MP-g-OEI copolymers demonstrated considerable potential as nonviral vectors for gene therapy.
<title>Mixed raster content (MRC) model for compound image compression</title> (1998)

This paper will describe the Mixed Raster Content (MRC) method for compressing compound images, containing both binary test and continuous-tone images. A single compression algorithm that simultaneously meets the requirements for both text and image compression has been elusive. MRC takes a different approach. Rather than using a single algorithm, MRC uses a multi-layered imaging model for representing the results of multiple compression algorithms, including ones developed specifically for text and for images. As a result, MRC can combine the best of existing or new compression algorithms and offer different quality-compression ratio tradeoffs. The algorithms used by MRC set the lower bound on its compression performance. Compared to existing algorithms, MRC has some image-processing overhead to manage multiple algorithms and the imaging model. This paper will develop the rationale for the MRC approach by describing the multi-layered imaging model in light of a rate-distortion trade-off. Results will be presented comparing images compressed using MRC, JPEG and state-of-the-art wavelet algorithms such as SPIHT. MRC has been approved or proposed as an architectural model for several standards, including ITU Color Fax, IETF Internet Fax, and JPEG 2000.
Photoinduced second-harmonic generation in rare-earth-doped aluminosilicate optical fibers (1991)

The presence of defect states in the band gap is an essential ingredient of recent models of photoinduced second-harmonic generation (SHG) in fibers. We have created such states by doping aluminosilicate glass fibers that do not contain Ge with Ce or Eu and observed SHG from 1.06-microm light after preparation of the fibers with 0.532- and 1.06-microm light. In an aluminosilicate fiber doped with 0.008 wt. % Ce, the SHG conversion efficiency is as high as 1.5% at infrared (1.06-microm) peak powers of 200 W.
Analysis of 3H-proline-labeled protein by rapid filtration in multiwell plates for the study of collagen metabolism. (1997)

Quantitative and qualitative analysis of cell cultures labeled with 3H-proline for monitoring collagen synthesis is time-consuming and occasionally generates large quantities of radioactive waste. This present work describes the application of a microwell filtration system for the analysis of collagen metabolism in chondrocytes. It is based on trichloroacetic acid (TCA) precipitation of 3H-proline-labeled proteins onto polyvinylidene difluoride membranes fitted in a 96-well plate and subsequent analysis of precipitated proteins by liquid scintillation counting, amino acid analysis and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gel electrophoresis. This method allows for the initial processing of 96 samples within 2 h, has high sensitivity and accuracy (linearity > or = 200 cpm/sample) for quantitative measurements and a capacity of up to 10 micrograms collagen/microwell. The ratio of the radioactive protein collected by this filtration assay compared to that collected by molecular sieve chromatography on Sephadex G-25 was linear over a broad range, indicating full compatibility of data and a high reproducibility for both assay systems. The quality of protein separation by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) from samples obtained by the filtration assay and by dialysis was virtually identical. These features make the assay particularly suited for pulse-chase experiments and for monitoring protein degradation.
Chromosome Banding and Identification: Fluorescence (2003)

General characteristics of chromosome banding and banding techniques have been described in the previous chapter ( Chapter 6). In general, fluorescence banding provides much the same information as banding using absorption staining, but fluorescence staining methods are generally simpler than banding methods using absorption staining and, in many respects, are more reliable. On the other hand, fluorescent preparations are not permanent and have to be examined using a fluorescence microscope. As well as providing the same general information as banding with absorption staining, most fluorescence banding methods also provide specific types of information (for example, on heteromorphisms of heterochromatin) that are not shown by other methods. Details of these applications will be given under the specific methods.
Carbonyl Reduction of Functionalized Aldehydes and Ketones by Tri-n-Butyltin Hydride and SiO2 (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbonyl Reduction of Functionalized Aldehydes and Ketones by Tri-n-Butyltin Hydride and SiO2Bruno Figadere, Christophe Chaboche, Xavier Franck, Jean-Francois Peyrat, and Andre CaveCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 23, 7138–7141Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00102a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00102a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views468Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Retardateurs de flamme conventionnels et biosourcés pour les polymères (2018)

Découvrez les différentes familles de composés retardateurs de flamme utilisés actuellement pour réduire l’inflammabilité des matériaux polymères. Le durcissement des réglementations impose des additifs respectueux de l’environnement mais néanmoins économiquement viables.
Abstract 10288: Lipoprotein(a) and Long-Term Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in a US Pooled Cohort (2022)

Background: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a common genetic factor associated with increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). There are limited long-term follow-up data from large prospective primary prevention cohorts of the US population, including those with diabetes. Methods: We examined the relation of Lp(a) with ASCVD outcomes in a pooled cohort of five major US prospective studies: the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults, Jackson, Framingham Offspring, and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities. Lp(a) levels were examined continuously (per 50 mg/dL) and categorically as follows: &lt;15 mg/dL (reference), 15-29 mg/dL, 30-49 mg/dL, 50-69 mg/dL, and &gt; 70 mg/dL. Cox regression, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, LDL-C, and other risk factors, examined the relation of Lp(a) levels with total incident ASCVD events (non-fatal and fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, revascularization, and coronary heart disease death) in the pooled cohort overall and among those at low-intermediate (&lt;20%) and high ( &gt; 20%) 10-year risk and in those with diabetes. Results: We included 27,756 persons without prior ASCVD (mean age 51.3 + 12.4 years, 55.0% female, and 35.7% black participants) who had a mean follow-up of 21.1 + 9.9 years for ASCVD events. The table below shows the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals for Lp(a) levels in relation to ASCVD events. In the overall sample, a 50 mg/dL increment in Lp(a) was associated with a 26% greater risk and compared to &lt;15 mg/dL those with Lp(a) levels of 15-29 mg/dL, 30-40 mg/dL, 50-69 mg/dL, and &gt; 70 mg/dL had 10%, 31%, 44%, and 30% greater risks of ASCVD events. Relationships were stronger in those with diabetes. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate in a large pooled cohort of US prospective studies relationships of increased ASCVD risk begin above Lp(a) levels of 15 mg/dL, especially in those with diabetes.
The Response of Depressed Inpatients to Isocarboxazid (1988)

Fifty-six inpatients with unipolar depression completed treatment with isocarboxazid. In comparing the differences between responders and nonresponders, it was found that psychomotor retardation, pathological guilt, daily persistence of unremitting symptoms, phobic anxiety, dexamethasone suppression test nonsuppression, and neuroticism were significantly more common among nonresponders. Reactivity of mood, blaming others, and extraversion were more common in responders. Total endogenous depression scores on the Newcastle 1, Newcastle 2, and Michigan scales were also significantly higher in nonresponders. Attained platelet monoamine oxidase inhibition was similar in both groups.
Improving Circuit Security against Power Analysis Attacks with Subthreshold Operation (2008)

Countermeasures against side-channel attacks of cryptographic circuits have become of great concern when designing cryptographic and other sorts of circuits requiring secure handling of data. This paper suggests using subthreshold implementation for protection against power analysis attacks and presents a comparative analysis of a standard static CMOS 8-bit full adder cell, simulated in a 90 nm CMOS process, operating in the subthreshold and superthreshold region. A comparison of the correlation between input data and instantaneous power consumption is done. Circuit simulation and statistical analysis show that subthreshold operation gives orders of magnitude lower correlation between power consumption and data.
Coordinate expression of group II phospholipase A2 and the acute-phase proteins haptoglobin (HP) and α1-anti-chymotrypsin (ACH) by HepG2 cells (1997)

The early response to inflammation is characterized by the synthesis of a variety of proteins under cytokine and glucocorticoid control. During episodes of infection or inflammation, a secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) appears in the circulation along with a variety of acute-phase proteins (APP), suggesting possible common regulatory elements amongst sPLA2 and APP. Using the human hepatoma line, HepG2, regulation of sPLA2 expression was examined in relation to synthesis of HP and ACH. The patterns of induction of sPLA2, HP and ACH were distinct for each of IL- 1, tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-6, oncostatin M, IL-11 and leukaemia inhibitory factor. Dexamethasone had an enhancing effect on IL-6-induced expression of HP and ACH, but inhibited sPLA2 expression by 50%. Both 8-bromo-cAMP and dibutyryl cAMP increased sPLA2 expression (48.8-fold and 64.2-fold, respectively), whereas KT5720, an inhibitor of protein kinase A, down-regulated cytokine-induced sPLA2 synthesis by 51%. These data show that a panel of cytokines induced varying patterns of up-regulation of sPLA2, ACH and HP. Although dexamethasone potentiated IL-6-induced APP expression in HepG2 cells, it suppressed sPLA2 expression in a dose-dependent manner. In several respects, sPLA2 regulation is similar to that of HP and ACH, but a notable difference is the reciprocal effect of glucocorticoids on sPLA2 expression compared with that of ACH and HP.
Cloning and sequencing of thednaKlocus inStreptomyces coelicolorA3 (2) (1996)

The dnaK operon of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) was cloned by the DNA-probing method using synthetic oligonucleotides designed on the basis of two of the most conserved regions in 30 different DnaK proteins (HSP70). The isolated insert-a BamHI 5.6-kb fragment-was sequenced and shown to contain three open-reading frames organized in an operon and coding for proteins analogous to DnaK, GrpE and DnaJ, successively.
Abstract 15208: Circulating Cell and Plasma MicroRNA Profiles Differ Between Non-St-Segment and St-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (2013)

Background: Differences in plasma and whole blood expression microRNAs (miRNAs) in patients with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have been determined in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Although most circulating miRNAs are located in the cellular components of whole blood, little is known about the miRNA profiles of whole blood subcomponents, including plasma, platelets and leukocytes in patients with myocardial ischemia. Methods: Thirteen patients with a ST-segment-elevation (STEMI) or non-ST-segment elevation (NSTEMI) myocardial infarction were identified in the University of Massachusetts Medical Center Emergency Department (ED) or cardiac catheterization laboratory between February and June of 2012. Whole blood was obtained from arterial blood samples at the time of cardiac catheterization and cell-specific miRNA profiling was performed. Expression of 343 miRNAs was quantified from whole blood, plasma, platelets, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells using a high-throughput, quantitative Real-Time...
Muscle fibres crossing the line of incision used in carpal tunnel decompression (2009)

Muscle fibres that cross the proposed line of incision of the flexor retinaculum at carpal tunnel decompression can be a source of confusion, particularly for the less experienced surgeon. We investigated how frequently muscle fibres crossed the line of incision on the palmar surface of the flexor retinaculum at carpal tunnel decompression in 143 hands, and dissected 103 cadaver hands to study the origin and insertion of these muscle fibres. The line of incision was defined as a longitudinal line between thenar and hypothenar eminences along the third web space, with the wrist in neutral radioulnar deviation and the fingers in extension. Muscle fibres crossing the line of incision were absent in 50% of the operated hands, 2-10 mm wide in 39% and more than 10 mm wide in 11%. In the cadaver hands the proportions were similar at 50%, 35% and 15%, respectively. The fibres were extensions of the thenar and hypothenar muscles and did not appear to represent a separate anomalous muscle.
The determination of performance‐ and payment‐relevant parameters in TBM tunnelling – State of the technology and outlook / Ermittlung leistungs‐ und vergütungsrelevanter Parameter für TVM‐Vortriebe – Stand der Technik und Ausblick (2014)

Abstract The success of mechanised tunnelling is greatly influenced by the interactive behaviour of machine and ground. A multitude of published research and practice reports documents the problem of a targeted forecast based on tests and forecasting models [19]. The paper describes the currently used methods of estimating performance‐relevant parameters, including current research into the subject of crack propagation in solid rock and developments in disc force measurement on the tunnel boring machine and its forecasting from laboratory tests. Der Erfolg eines maschinellen Tunnelvortriebs wird maßgeblich vom Interaktionsverhalten Maschine‐Baugrund bestimmt. Die Vielzahl der veröffentlichten Forschungs‐ und Praxiserfahrungen dokumentiert die Problematik einer zielgerichteten Prognose auf der Basis von Versuchen und Prognosemodellen [19]. Im Beitrag werden die derzeit zur Anwendung kommenden Methoden zur Abschätzung leistungsrelevanter Parameter unter Einbeziehung der aktuell laufenden Forschungen zum Thema Rissausbreitung im Festgestein sowie der Entwicklungen zur Diskenkraftmessung an der Tunnelvortriebsmaschine und deren Prognose anhand von Laborversuchen dargelegt.
3D Printable concentrated liquid metal composite with high thermal conductivity (2021)

Heat dissipation materials in which fillers are dispersed in a polymer matrix typically do not exhibit both high thermal conductivity (<i>k</i>) and processability due to a trade-off. In this paper, we fabricate heat dissipation composites which overcome the trade-off using liquid metal (LM). By exceeding the conventional filler limit, ten times higher <i>k</i> is achieved for a 90 vol% LM composite compared with <i>k</i> of 50 vol% LM composite. Further, an even higher <i>k</i> is achieved by introducing h-BN between the LM droplets, and the highest <i>k</i> in this study was 17.1 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>. The LM composite is processable at room temperature and used as inks for 3D printing. This combination of high <i>k</i> and processability not only allows heat dissipation materials to be processed on demand under ambient conditions but it also increases the surface area of the LM composite, which enables rapid heat dissipation.
Transient Cerebral Ischemia Increases Tyrosine Phosphorylation of the Synaptic RAS-GTPase Activating Protein, SynGAP (2001)

Cerebral ischemia results in activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and increased tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins associated with postsynaptic densities (PSDs). The authors investigated the possible relation between these events by determining the effect of ischemia on tyrosine phosphorylation of the brain-specific, PSD-enriched, Ras-GTPase activating protein, SynGAP. Transient (15 minutes) global ischemia was produced in rats by 4-vessel occlusion and PSDs prepared from forebrains immediately after ischemia or at 20 minutes, 1 hour, or 24 hours of reperfusion. Tyrosine phosphorylation of SynGAP was elevated relative to sham-operated controls by 20 minutes of reperfusion and remained elevated for at least 24 hours. Tyrosine phosphorylation of SynGAP also increased in CA1 and CA3/DG subfields of the hippocampus. Enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of SynGAP was not accompanied by a change in PSD RasGAP activity. SynGAP bound to the SH2 domains of Src and Fyn in a tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent fashion, and this interaction increased after ischemia. SynGAP binds to the PDZ domains of PSD-95/SAP90 and coimmunoprecipitated with PSD-95. The coimmunoprecipitation of SynGAP with PSD-95 decreased after ischemia. The results indicate that changes in the properties and interactions of SynGAP may be involved in the neuropathology of ischemia.