gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Radial Biphasic Model for Local Cell-Matrix Mechanics in Articular Cartilage (2004)

Analytical and numerical solutions are presented for an interface problem that models deformation in the local cell-matrix unit (chondron) of articular cartilage. The cell and its protective pericellular matrix layer are modeled as isotropic biphasic continua deforming in small strain. A spherical geometry with purely radial deformation is assumed. Enforcement of the boundary and interface conditions results in an eigenvalue problem that is self-adjoint when the permeabilities of the cell and the layer are the same. In this case, a series solution of the interface problem is presented for a time-varying displacement prescribed at the boundary of the pericellular layer. The case of nonuniform permeability is considered via a numerical finite difference solution. The analytical and numerical solutions are used to conduct a parametric analysis of mechanical signal transmission due to an applied sinusoidal displacement. The dual role of the pericellular matrix as a mechanical signal transmitter and a protective layer is analyzed. For frequencies in the range 0-3Hz, transmission of transient-free radial displacement, solid stress, and strain are evaluated with varying pericellular stiffness and permeability in biphasic models of normal and osteoarthritic chondrons.
ChemInform Abstract: Olefin Oxidative Cleavage and Dioxetane Formation Using Triethylsilyl Hydrotrioxide: Application to Preparation of Potent Antimalarial 1,2,4‐ Trioxanes. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Raman spectroscopy ofB12As2andB12P2up to 120 GPa: Evidence for structural distortion (2010)

We report results of Raman spectroscopy studies on single crystals of ${\text{B}}_{12}{\text{P}}_{2}$ and ${\text{B}}_{12}{\text{As}}_{2}$ under pressure to 120 GPa at 300 K. In the 75--85 GPa range in both compounds several additional modes appear while several other split. These results evidence a transition to a distorted structure with a strong deformation of the icosahedra. The Raman spectra measured at ambient down from 120 GPa show that this transformation is reversible.
Suivi de caméra à partir de marqueurs plans composés de cercles concentriques : paradigme et algorithmes (2011)

National audience
Fragmentation in store-and-forward message transfer (1988)

The advantages of store-and-forward (S/F) message transfer at the application layer and problems with existing systems are discussed. Current systems suffer from the limitation that if an intermediate message transfer agent (MTA), the entity responsible for storing and forwarding messages, cannot store a message in its entirety due to insufficient buffer space, then the transfer fails. A mechanism is introduced, called message fragmentation, to transfer messages too large to be completely stored on an intermediate MTA automatically and efficiently. In addition to letting a large message pass through the network, fragmentation improves performance in an S/F message-based system. Schemes developed for flow control, deadlock prevention, and buffer management in packet-switched networks are described, and their suitability for use in the message-handling environment is discussed. Several novel schemes for buffer management in the message-handling environment are presented. The EAN X.400-based S/F message-handling system developed at the University of British Columbia is briefly cited as an example.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Mass production of industrial tunnel oxide passivated contacts (i‐TOPCon) silicon solar cells with average efficiency over 23% and modules over 345 W (2019)

Abstract We present an industrial tunnel oxide passivated contacts (i‐TOPCon) bifacial crystalline silicon (c‐Si) solar cell based on large‐area n ‐type substrate. The interfacial thin SiO 2 is thermally growth and in situ capped by an intrinsic poly‐Si layer deposited by low‐pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD). The intrinsic poly‐Si layer is doped in an industrial POCl 3 diffusion furnace to form the n + poly‐Si at the rear, which shows an excellent surface passivation characteristics with J 0 = 2.6 fA/cm 2 when passivated by a SiN x :H layer deposited by plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). With an industrial fabrication process, the cells are manufactured with screen‐printed front and rear metallization, using large‐area 6‐in. n ‐type Czochralski (Cz) Si wafers. We demonstrate an average front‐side efficiency greater than 23% and an open‐circuit voltage V oc greater than 700 mV. These results are based on more than 20 000 pieces of cells from mass production on a single day, in an old conventional multicrystalline silicon (mc‐Si) Al‐back surface field (BSF) cell workshop, which has been upgraded to i‐TOPCon process. The best cell efficiency reaches 23.57%, as independently confirmed by Fraunhofer CalLab. A median module power greater than 345 W and a best module power greater than 355 W are demonstrated with double‐glass bifacial i‐TOPCon modules consisting of 120 pieces of half‐cut 161.7 mm pseudosquare i‐TOPCon cells with nine busbars.
Design-Oriented Modelling of Microstrip Ferrite Circulators (2018)

A modeling approach for the design of microstrip ferrite circulators is presented and validated on several examples using the same commercially-available ferrite disk. A baseline narrowband 4.25-GHz microstrip circulator is first demonstrated with a commercial 4.97-mm radius ferrite disk operated in saturation and below the ferromagnetic resonance. The non-uniform DC magnetic field distributions of a cylindrical permanent magnet is taken into account by spatial discretization of the ferrite properties in full-wave simulations. Several design parameters are shown to affect the frequency response; the ferrite thickness relative the microstrip substrate thickness shifts the operating frequency, while external matching networks can increase the fractional bandwidth from 10% up 40%. Another degree of freedom is the applied DC magnetic field, which can be reduced to set the ferrite operation below the ferromagnetic resonance with significant miniaturization of the overall device, as demonstrated with a 1.6-GHz circulator designed with the same 4.97-mm radius ferrite disk, resulting in an almost factor of 3 reduction in linear electrical size.
Four Programs for Windows: Abstract of Volume 4D, Number 2: 2. HIPPO-CNMRS: Highly Improved Prediction Program of Carbon Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Shifts (1996)

HIPPO-CNMRS is a "highly improved" version of a 13C-NMR program previously available from the author. It can predict the 13C NMR spectrum for most substituted alicyclic saturated and aromatic ring systems (cyclopropane to cyclooctane; benzene, naphthalene, anthracene; cis- and trans-decaline; some heterocyclic systems like furan, tetrahydofuran, pyridine, piperidine and quinoline; most substituted acyclic compounds with up to six carbons in the parent structure; and simple olefins and alkynes. Also included is a database of 1700 molecules that permit you to, edit, display, and print data or spectra from user experiments and/or from the literature.Full Text Article
Cancun conference report: Romanian pediatric AIDS initiative. (1999)

Baylor College of Medicine has been pursuing a program to provide training to doctors and nurses treating HIV-infected children in Romania. Romania's pediatric case load numbering more than 4,000 is over half of the HIV-infected children in Europe. The program's goals are to improve the clinical care of more than 1,400 children, to enhance general health care practices, and to introduce fundamentals of clinical research in Romania. Physicians and nurse-specialists from Baylor will work alongside Romanian colleagues in a large outpatient clinic to bring state-of-the-art care to the center. Contact information is provided.
Development of a Scalable Route to the SMO Receptor Antagonist SEN794 (2012)

A practical and scalable route to the SMO receptor antagonist SEN794 1 is described herein. A new and efficient access to the key intermediate 7 via the Kröhnke reaction was developed, significantly simplifying the synthesis and reducing costs. The optimized route consists of six chemical steps plus a palladium scavenging step. The intermediates are solids and were isolated by filtrations, except for ester 9, which was telescoped as the crude oil into the subsequent step. In the final amide formation step, target compound 1 was conveniently crystallized from the reaction mixture in high purity.
Embedding Models for Episodic Knowledge Graphs (2018)

In recent years a number of large-scale triple-oriented knowledge graphs have been generated and various models have been proposed to perform learning in those graphs. Most knowledge graphs are static and reflect the world in its current state. In reality, of course, the state of the world is changing: a healthy person becomes diagnosed with a disease and a new president is inaugurated. In this paper, we extend models for static knowledge graphs to temporal knowledge graphs. This enables us to store episodic data and to generalize to new facts (inductive learning). We generalize leading learning models for static knowledge graphs (i.e., Tucker, RESCAL, HolE, ComplEx, DistMult) to temporal knowledge graphs. In particular, we introduce a new tensor model, ConT, with superior generalization performance. The performances of all proposed models are analyzed on two different datasets: the Global Database of Events, Language, and Tone (GDELT) and the database for Integrated Conflict Early Warning System (ICEWS). We argue that temporal knowledge graph embeddings might be models also for cognitive episodic memory (facts we remember and can recollect) and that a semantic memory (current facts we know) can be generated from episodic memory by a marginalization operation. We validate this episodic-to-semantic projection hypothesis with the ICEWS dataset.
Pharmacogenetics of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2003)

Patients vary widely in their responses to drug therapy, often manifested as adverse drug reactions, drug resistance or drug-associated toxicity. Functional polymorphisms in genes encoding enzymes, which are involved in drug action, may underlie these differences thus offering a powerful tool in predicting a treatment outcome. Several studies have addressed the potential for tailoring individual acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) therapy based on patients genetics. Several candidate genes have been shown to have a predictive role, among which the best examples are the well-characterized polymorphisms in the thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) gene. The impact of TPMT genotypes on 6-MP tolerance, affecting the duration of treatment and the appearance of severe hematotoxicity or secondary malignancies has been well documented. Recent studies suggest that polymorphisms in enzymes of the folate cycle may modify the therapeutic effectiveness and toxicity of antifolates. Polymorphism in the enhancer element located in 5-UTR of thymidylate synthase gene influenced the outcome of ALL, whereas variants of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase gene correlated with methotrexate sensitivity. Efforts have been also made to gain a closer insight into the role of polymorphisms in genes that might affect both disease susceptibility and drug metabolism, and some of them (e.g. glutathione S-transferase or quinone oxidoreductase) seem to affect the risk of recurrent disease in children with ALL. Extending the pharmacogenetics concept to other candidate genes / enzymes and to other drugs might, through comprehensive genetic evaluation, help clinical management of ALL patients. Keywords: pharmacogenetics, childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute lymphoblastic, thiopurine methyltransferase, thymidylate synthase gene, quinone oxidoreductase
Communication-Failure-Resilient Distributed Frequency Control in Smart Grids: Part I: Architecture and Distributed Algorithms (2019)

Distributed algorithms have been proposed as options to scale control propositions to the massive number of intelligent energy devices, sub-systems, and distributed energy resources being integrated into the electricity grid. Distributed algorithms rely on the communication network for exchanging information. Failures in the communication network can jeopardize distributed decision-making and in the worst-case scenario can lead to system-level stability problems. This paper proposes a communication-failure-resilient architecture for distributed operation and control in smart grids with hybrid producer/consumer (prosumer) agents. We describe the relations between system-wide performance and communication failures and identify topological conditions on the cyber-physical network, under which prosumers can perform key operating tasks, such as distributed frequency regulation through an imperfect communication network.
Brownian dynamics study of polymer conformational transitions (1979)

Conformational transitions of a macromolecule have been studied by computer simulation of the Brownian dynamics of a polymer chain. An activation energy equal to about one barrier height has been found. However, there is a great deal of cooperativity of transitions especially between bonds which are second nearest neighbors.
Multiple Mechanisms for the Inhibition of Entry and Uncoating of Superinfecting Semliki Forest Virus (1997)

Recombinant Semliki Forest viruses (SFV) that express one or none of the viral structural proteins were used to infect cells and to analyze the fate of incoming superinfecting wild-type viruses. It was found that in addition to the previously described block in replication that superinfecting viruses encounter within 15 min of infection, other mechanisms of superinfection inhibition occurred at later times. Over a 6-hr infection period, inhibition was seen in binding of virus to the cell surface, in acid-activated penetration into the cytoplasm, and in uncoating of nucleocapsids. For each of these processes, the inhibitory mechanism was investigated. In summary, we found that infection evoked several independent mechanisms for blocking the entry and uncoating of superinfecting viruses. The results also offered new insights into the normal processes of penetration and uncoating of SFV.
An investigation of the dynamic interaction between wheeled vehicles and road surfaces (1985)

Available from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:D58552/86 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply Centre
Three-dimensional wake reconstruction of a flapping-wing MAV using a Kriging regression technique (2013)

The work explores the three-dimensional unsteady wake of a flapping-wing Micro Air Vehicle (MAV) DelFly II, applying a Kriging regression technique for the spatial regression of time-resolved Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (Stereo-PIV) data. In the view of limited number of measurement planes, the particular objective of the regression is to provide an accurate volumetric representation of the measurement domain on a spatial grid that is much finer than the spacing between the measurement planes. A unique feature of the current study is the incorporation of a statistical error model in the Kriging regression process as an estimate of the local measurement uncertainty of the PIV measurements. The performance of the Kriging regression technique with local error estimates is evaluated based on direct comparisons to measurement data. As a final result of the regression, three-dimensional vortical structures are reconstructed and it is shown that each of two wings generates separate vortex loops and sheds two trailing edge vortices during the downstroke phase. On the other hand, the structures of upper and lower wings occasionally interact with each other during the upstroke phase. Wake structure displays major differences in terms of vortex formations for different reduced frequencies.
Quantitative resistance against Bemisia tabaci in Solanum pennellii: Genetics and metabolomics (2015)

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a serious threat in tomato cultivation worldwide as all varieties grown today are highly susceptible to this devastating herbivorous insect. Many accessions of the tomato wild relative Solanum pennellii show a high resistance towards B. tabaci. A mapping approach was used to elucidate the genetic background of whitefly-resistance related traits and associated biochemical traits in this species. Minor quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for whitefly adult survival (AS) and oviposition rate (OR) were identified and some were confirmed in an F2 BC1 population, where they showed increased percentages of explained variance (more than 30%). Bulked segregant analyses on pools of whitefly-resistant and -susceptible F2 plants enabled the identification of metabolites that correlate either with resistance or susceptibility. Genetic mapping of these metabolites showed that a large number of them co-localize with whitefly-resistance QTLs. Some of these whitefly-resistance QTLs are hotspots for metabolite QTLs. Although a large number of metabolite QTLs correlated to whitefly resistance or susceptibility, most of them are yet unknown compounds and further studies are needed to identify the metabolic pathways and genes involved. The results indicate a direct genetic correlation between biochemical-based resistance characteristics and reduced whitefly incidence in S. pennellii.
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Unstable Distal Radius Fractures: Results Using the Trimed Fixation System (2002)

Unstable distal radius fractures can be reliably and anatomically reduced and stabilized using fragment-specific fixation. Fixation of markedly comminuted fractures is secure enough to allow immediate motion and does not require casting or external fixation. Preliminary clinical and radiographic results are excellent, and patient satisfaction is high. Anatomic reduction with early motion can be achieved in a routine fashion on unstable distal radius fractures using the described technique.
P4‐090: THE CRITICAL PATH FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (CPAD) CONSORTIUM: FACILITATING RAPID DATA AND INFORMATION SHARING BY ESTABLISHING A SUSTAINABLE, INTEGRATED, AND STANDARDIZED PLATFORM ADVANCING KNOWLEDGE TO ENABLE EXPEDITED DRUG DEVELOPMENT (2018)

In 2008, the Coalition Against Major Diseases (CAMD) was created in response to the FDA's Critical Path Initiative. As a nonprofit, pre-competitive consortium of the Critical Path Institute, CAMD convened diverse stakeholders (e.g., academia, advocacy groups, industry, regulators) to create new Drug Development Tools (DDTs) accelerating the delivery of treatments for Alzheimer disease (AD). In 2016, the Collaboration for Alzheimer's Prevention (CAP) established principles to guide data/sample sharing in preclinical AD trials. The concept of forming an alliance to facilitate the rapid sharing of critical clinical data is being envisioned by introducing the Critical Path for Alzheimer's Disease (CPAD) consortium. Historically, CAMD's mission focused on data sharing, disease progression models, and biomarker qualification. Accomplishments included the first Clinical Trial Simulation Tool for AD, development of a CDISC standard-based user guide specific to AD, and FDA Letters of Support for biomarker qualification. With the input of CAP and strong support by the FDA, CPAD has aligned around a new vision and mission that will focus heavily on the AD prevention space. Partnerships/collaborations that inform the scientific and regulatory communities to develop sound DDTs are of high importance and accelerate the advancement of AD treatments. CAP has been a forum for academic trial investigators to address key issues as these groups plan and implement preclinical AD treatment trials, including optimal trial designs, harmonization of fluid/imaging biomarkers and cognitive endpoints across trials, and rapid access and sharing of data/biological samples from preclinical AD trials, ensuring that lessons learned will rapidly inform the field. These efforts inform the understanding of the natural history of AD, inform the size and design of future trials, clarify the utility of biomarker and cognitive measurements, and accelerate the evaluation of prevention treatments. CAP's efforts are highly consistent with and perfectly complement CPAD's strength and deep experience in creating data repositories, disease progression models, and DDTs. Leveraging C-Path's existing infrastructure and competencies in data aggregation, CPAD, with a new focus on AD prevention, together with CAP's data sharing principles, will provide the means of efficiently sharing data and learnings with all stakeholders in the community.
Effect of pH in the Hydrothermal Preparation of Bi2WO6 Nanostructures (2019)

In this study, Bi<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub> was prepared by the hydrothermal method. The effects of reaction temperature (150/170/200 °C) and reaction time (6/12/24 h) were investigated. The role of strongly acidic pH (1 >) and the full range between 0.3 and 13.5 were studied first. Every sample was studied by XRD and SEM; furthermore, the Bi<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub> samples prepared at different temperatures were examined in detail by EDX and TEM, as well as FT-IR, Raman and UV-vis spectroscopies. It was found that changing the temperature and time slightly influenced the crystallinity and morphology of the products. The most crystallized product formed at 200 °C, 24 h. The pure, sheet-like Bi<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub>, prepared at 200 °C, 24 h, and 0.3 pH, gradually transformed into a mixture of Bi<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub> and Bi<sub>3.84</sub>W<sub>0.16</sub>O<sub>6.24</sub> with increasing pH. The nanosheets turned into a morphology of mixed shapes in the acidic range (fibers, sheets, irregular forms), and became homogenous cube- and octahedral-like shapes in the alkaline range. Their band gaps were calculated and were found to vary between 2.66 and 2.59 eV as the temperature increased. The specific surface area measurements revealed that reducing the temperature favors the formation of a larger surface area (35.8/26/21.6 m<sup>2</sup>/g belonging to 150/170/200 °C, respectively).
Polarization Dependence of Radar Contrast for Sea Surface Oil Slicks (2007)

The polarization dependence of microwave radar image contrast between clean sea and oil slicks is investigated in the framework of a two-scale scattering model. The Cox & Munk large-scale slope probability density function (PDF) is used for a clean sea surface and for the oil slicks along with the Elfouhaily power spectrum of sea roughness. The sea roughness modification in the slicks is modeled by cutting off the power spectrum at a sea wavelength of an order of several decimeters and by nulling the skewness coefficients in the Cox & Munk slope PDF. It is shown that the contrast in the radar image of sea surface slicks obtained at HH and HV polarizations exceeds significantly that at VV polarization; the polarization-dependent part of the contrast increases as the grazing angle decreases and the wind speed and the radar frequency increase (at K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">u</sub> band it exceeds the one at C band); the contrast is azimuth dependent, and it differs for upwind and downwind directions as a result of the skewness of the slope PDF.
Effect of intensive atorvastatin therapy on coronary atherosclerosis progression, composition, arterial remodeling, and microvascular function. (2012)

In this pilot study of Western patients with moderate CAD, high-dose atorvastatin resulted in alterations in coronary atheroma composition with corresponding changes in plaque phenotype and modest improvement in coronary microvascular function.