gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improve Restore Speed in Deduplication Systems Using Segregated Cache (2016)

The chunk fragmentation problem inherently associated with deduplication systems significantly slows down the restore performance, as it causes the restore process to assemble chunks which are distributed in a large number of containers as a result of storage indirection. Existing solutions attempting to address the fragmentation problem either sacrifice deduplication efficiency or require additional memory resources. In this work, we propose a new restore cache scheme, which accelerates the restore process using the same amount of cache space as that of the traditional LRU restore cache. We leverage the recipe knowledge to recognize the containers which will soon be accessed for restoring a backup version and classify those containers into bursty containers which are differentiated from other regular containers. Bursty and regular containers are then put in two separate caches, respectively. Bursty containers, containing many chunks that will be needed for restore within a short period of time, are put in a smaller cache managed at the container granularity. On the contrary, regular containers are put in the other bigger cache managed at the chunk granularity, with chunks which will not be used dropped off at the time when the containers are brought in. In doing so, bursty containers have better chances to be quickly evicted from the restore cache, avoiding their unnecessarily occupying cache space for too long. Our evaluation results have demonstrated that our proposed cache scheme can improve restore speed factor by up to 3.05X and reduce the number of container reads by 67.3% on average, relative to a conventional LRU restore cache.
Probing the Substrate Promiscuity of Isopentenyl Phosphate Kinase as a Platform for Hemiterpene Analogue Production (2019)

Isoprenoids are a large class of natural products with wide-ranging applications. Synthetic biology approaches to the manufacture of isoprenoids and their new-to-nature derivatives are limited due to the provision in nature of just two hemiterpene building blocks for isoprenoid biosynthesis. To address this limitation, artificial chemo-enzymatic pathways such as the alcohol-dependent hemiterpene (ADH) pathway serve to leverage consecutive kinases to convert exogenous alcohols into pyrophosphates that could be coupled to downstream isoprenoid biosynthesis. To be successful, each kinase in this pathway should be permissive of a broad range of substrates. For the first time, we have probed the promiscuity of the second enzyme in the ADH pathway-isopentenyl phosphate kinase from Thermoplasma acidophilum-towards a broad range of acceptor monophosphates. Subsequently, we evaluate the suitability of this enzyme to provide unnatural pyrophosphates and provide a critical first step in characterizing the rate-limiting steps in the artificial ADH pathway.
Uptake and Function Studies of Maternal Milk-derived MicroRNAs (2015)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of cell-autonomous gene expression that influence many biological processes. They are also released from cells and are present in virtually all body fluids, including blood, urine, saliva, sweat, and milk. The functional role of nutritionally obtained extracellular miRNAs is controversial, and irrefutable demonstration of exogenous miRNA uptake by cells and canonical miRNA function is still lacking. Here we show that miRNAs are present at high levels in the milk of lactating mice. To investigate intestinal uptake of miRNAs in newborn mice, we employed genetic models in which newborn miR-375 and miR-200c/141 knockout mice received milk from wild-type foster mothers. Analysis of the intestinal epithelium, blood, liver, and spleen revealed no evidence for miRNA uptake. miR-375 levels in hepatocytes were at the limit of detection and remained orders of magnitude below the threshold for target gene regulation (between 1000 and 10,000 copies/cell). Furthermore, our study revealed rapid degradation of milk miRNAs in intestinal fluid. Together, our results indicate a nutritional rather than gene-regulatory role of miRNAs in the milk of newborn mice.
Probabilistic similarity networks (1990)

Abstract We address the pragmatics of constructing normative expert systems and examine the influence diagram as a potential framework for representing knowledge in such systems. We introduce an extension of the influence‐diagram representation called a similarity network. A similarity network is a tool for constructing large and complex influence diagrams. The representation allows a user to construct independent influence diagrams for subsets of a given domain. A valid influence diagram for the entire domain can then be constructed from the individual diagrams. Similarity networks represent forms of conditional independence that are not represented conveniently in an ordinary influence diagram. We discuss in detail one such conditional independence, called subset independence , and examine how similarity networks exploit this form of independence to facilitate the construction of an influence diagram. Also, we investigate the assessment of probability distributions for influence diagrams. We see that similarity networks exploit subset independence to simplify such probability assessments. We introduce a representation that is closely related to similarity networks, called a partition. This representation further exploits subset independence to simplify probability assessment. Finally, we examine a real‐world normative expert system for the diagnosis of lymph‐node pathology, called Pathfinder. The similarity‐network and partition representations played a crucial role in the construction of this expert system.
Fullerene Derivatives as Electron Acceptors for Organic Photovoltaic Cells (2014)

Energy is currently one of the most important problems humankind faces. Depletion of traditional energy sources such as coal and oil results in the need to develop new ways to create, transport, and store electricity. In this regard, the sun, which can be considered as a giant nuclear fusion reactor, represents the most powerful source of energy available in our solar system. For photovoltaic cells to gain widespread acceptance as a source of clean and renewable energy, the cost per watt of solar energy must be decreased. Organic photovoltaic cells, developed in the past two decades, have potential as alternatives to traditional inorganic semiconductor photovoltaic cells, which suffer from high environmental pollution and energy consumption during production. Organic photovoltaic cells are composed of a blended film of a conjugated-polymer donor and a soluble fullerene-derivative acceptor sandwiched between a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)-coated indium tin oxide positive electrode and a low-work-function metal negative electrode. Considerable research efforts aim at designing and synthesizing novel fullerene derivatives as electron acceptors with up-raised lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy, better light-harvesting properties, higher electron mobility, and better miscibility with the polymer donor for improving the power conversion efficiency of the organic photovoltaic cells. In this paper, we systematically review novel fullerene acceptors synthesized through chemical modification for enhancing the photovoltaic performance by increasing open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and fill factor, which determine the performance of organic photovoltaic cells.
Efficient Abstraction Selection in Reinforcement Learning --- Extended Abstract (2013)

This paper introduces a novel approach for abstraction selection in reinforcement learning problems modelled as factored Markov decision processes (MDPs), for which a state is described via a set of state components. In abstraction selection, an agent must choose an abstraction from a set of candidate abstractions, each build up from a different combination of state components.
Colonization with penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae in urban and rural child-care centers (1996)

NS-SP are highly prevalent in urban and rural Nebraska. PFGE similarities between serotypes may reflect "serotype switching" but may also reflect genetic similarity between S. pneumoniae strains.
Effects of Pyridalyl, a Novel Insecticidal Agent, on Cultured Sf9 Cells (2005)

The effect of pyridalyl on cultured Sf9 cells was compared with that of various known cytotoxic and non-cytotoxic substances. Cell growth was significantly inhibited by the cytotoxic substances at 10 μM, but not significantly inhibited by the non-cytotoxic substances. Pyridalyl clearly inhibited the growth of cells at a concentration of 0.01 μM. Analogues of pyridalyl with insecticidal activity also inhibited cell growth, but those without insecticidal activity did not have significant effects. The test system was considered valid and the cytotoxicity of pyridalyl in Sf9 cells reflects its insecticidal action at least in part. Pyridalyl did not, however, affect mitochondrial respiration, which is the most likely cause of the cytotoxicity. © Pesticide Science Society of Japan
An implementation model for automated construction materials tracking and locating (2010)

Good materials management on large construction projects is critical for maximizing productivity and project performance. When key materials are temporarily lost, whole crews may be left idle and the project may be delayed. When key materials are completely lost, the impact can be enormous. In fact, one of the major problems in managing construction materials and equipment is tracking them in the supply chain and knowing their location on large job sites. Fortunately, location can now be automatically estimated within metres using emerging technologies. This paper proposes a general implementation model for automated construction materials tracking and locating on large industrial projects, such as refineries and power plants. It includes a methodology for determining what type of technology should be used for different types of projects and construction materials. It is based on an analysis of the capabilities of emerging technologies and on experience gained from implementing automated materials tracking prototypes on two large industrial projects. It is concluded that these technologies can produce substantial net benefits, if implemented properly on the right projects using the model described here.
Evaluation tests of Abacus 6 kVA utility-interactive inverter (1981)

The voltage pattern spectra were analyzed for 100% and 50% pattern ratios and harmonics analyses are provided for the Abacus inverter. The harmonics are compared with those calculated for a simple model with no agreement. AC waveforms and inverter current spectra are given as well as basic electrical data. (LEW)
Roentgenologic Manifestations in Children with a Genetic Defect of Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Function (1968)

Fatal or chronic granulomatous disease of childhood (CGD) is a genetically determined disorder affecting male children, with onset in the early months of life (2–4, 12–14). CGD is a clearly defined clinical syndrome characterized by protracted febrile illnesses, with frequent recurrences and early death. Purulent granulomatous and eczematoid skin lesions, granulomatous adenitis with suppuration, and pulmonary infiltrative disease are common presenting pathologic lesions. Less commonly, osteomyelitis or visceral abscesses are the basis for recurring febrile episodes in these patients. During active disease, appropriate febrile and leukocyte responses occur, and low-grade pyogenic bacteria may be cultured from suppurative lesions. Immunologic analysis of these children reveals that they possess at least normal amounts of each of the immunoglobulins, have normal antibody responses to a variety of antigens, have normal complement and complement components in their serum (6), and possess normal capacity to develop and express cellmediated immune responses (3). Recent investigation of the functional capacity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (P.M.N.) from these patients revealed a striking and persistent deficiency of intracellular killing of a spectrum of bacteria associated with their suppurative lesions (7, 15, 16). Their leukocytes phagocytize bacteria normally, but certain bacteria are destroyed more slowly by the P.M.N.'s of these patients than they are by the P.M.N.'s of normal persons. Ultrastructural studies appear to indicate that the leukocytes of these patients fail to undergo the usual process of degranulation following phagocytosis (16), and biochemical (8–10) and histochemical abnormalities of these leukocytes have been defined (1, 17). The disease is transmitted as an X-linked recessive trait (14, 17, 18). Examination of the P.M.N.'s of mothers and maternal grandmothers of these patients with respect to biochemical characteristics, histochemical analysis, and killing capacity has revealed a degree of abnormality intermediate between that of boys with the disease and that of normal controls. This disease, although uncommon, is not rare, and it is clear from the series of patients beginning to appear in the literature that these patients will be encountered in significant numbers in all large medical centers. Consequently, it seems important to emphasize clinical and radiologic features of this disease which might suggest the diagnosis. I t is the purpose of this report to describe our radiologic experience with a series of 18 patients, representing 12 families studied at the University of Minnesota Hospitals between 1951 and 1967. Case Reports Seven representative patients are presented to illustrate the spectrum of clinical and radiologic findings which may be encountered.
EFEITO DA INCORPORAÇÃO DE FIBRAS DE COCO NO COMPORTAMENTO DINÂMICO-MECÂNICO DE COMPÓSITOS COM MATRIZ POLIÉSTER (2008)

A study on the temperature variation of the dynamic-mechanical parameters of polyester matrix composites incorporated with continuous coir fibers was carried out. Different weight percentages, up to 40 wt.% of coir fibers, were mixed with orthophtalic polyester resin and, after press-molding, cured for 24 hours at room temperature. Dynamicmechanical, DMA, tests were conducted to obtain the storage modulus and the loss modulus as well as the tangent delta for each type of composite with different amounts of coir fibers. The DMA results revealed that the incorporation of coir fiber decreases the viscoelastic stiffness of the composite with polyester matrix. This reduction in stiffness is associated with a low interfacial shear stress, which makes it difficult for the mechanical load transfer from the matrix to the fiber. Modifications in the glass transition temperature and in the α relaxation peak also occurred with the amount of incorporated coir fiber. In particular, the damping response of the composite, associated with the value of the tangent delta, decreases with the amount of incorporated fiber owing to the fact that only part of the applied stress was used to deform the fiber/matrix interface.
Hyperthermia Sensitizes Glioma Stem-like Cells to Radiation by Inhibiting AKT Signaling (2015)

Glioma stem-like cells (GSC) are a subpopulation of cells in tumors that are believed to mediate self-renewal and relapse in glioblastoma (GBM), the most deadly form of primary brain cancer. In radiation oncology, hyperthermia is known to radiosensitize cells, and it is reemerging as a treatment option for patients with GBM. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of hyperthermic radiosensitization in GSCs by a phospho-kinase array that revealed the survival kinase AKT as a critical sensitization determinant. GSCs treated with radiation alone exhibited increased AKT activation, but the addition of hyperthermia before radiotherapy reduced AKT activation and impaired GSC proliferation. Introduction of constitutively active AKT in GSCs compromised hyperthermic radiosensitization. Pharmacologic inhibition of PI3K further enhanced the radiosensitizing effects of hyperthermia. In a preclinical orthotopic transplant model of human GBM, thermoradiotherapy reduced pS6 levels, delayed tumor growth, and extended animal survival. Together, our results offer a preclinical proof-of-concept for further evaluation of combined hyperthermia and radiation for GBM treatment.
Speculative linearizability (2012)

Linearizability is a key design methodology for reasoning about implementations of concurrent abstract data types in both shared memory and message passing systems. It provides the illusion that operations execute sequentially and fault-free, despite the asynchrony and faults inherent to a concurrent system, especially a distributed one. A key property of linearizability is inter-object composability: a system composed of linearizable objects is itself linearizable. However, devising linearizable objects is very difficult, requiring complex algorithms to work correctly under general circumstances, and often resulting in bad average-case behavior. Concurrent algorithm designers therefore resort to speculation: optimizing algorithms to handle common scenarios more efficiently. The outcome are even more complex protocols, for which it is no longer tractable to prove their correctness.
Application of linear switched reluctance motors to precision position control (2005)

Author name used in this publication: Norbert C. Cheung
Exploiting wireless connectivity for robustness in WOBAN (2013)

This article studies how next-generation optical access networks can exploit the properties of wireless connectivity to provide improved quality of service to users, and reports on a corresponding experimental prototype as well. Optical access networks using the passive optical network architecture are being increasingly deployed worldwide for fiber-to-the-home/business applications. While a PON can support higher data rates, it suffers from its tree architecture since it is vulnerable to a fiber cut on its tree¿s trunk, which will disrupt service to its users. However, by exploiting the properties of wireless connectivity, such as a wireless mesh in the front-end, the network can be made more robust. In case of a network element failure, an alternate path through the wireless-wireline integrated network may be selected, if it exists. Such a network can provide reliable high-capacity connectivity to untethered wireless devices which may be mobile as well. For such wireless-optical broadband access networks, we study a Risk-Aware Routing (RAR) algorithm to make it fault-tolerant and self-healing in case of failures. We also report on results from an experimental prototype developed in our laboratory.
Myositis‐specific autoantibodies: an important tool to support diagnosis of myositis (2015)

The idiopathic inflammatory myopathies are characterized by muscle weakness, skin disease and internal organ involvement. Autoimmunity is known to have a role in myositis pathogenesis, and myositis-specific autoantibodies, targeting important intracellular proteins, are regarded as key biomarkers aiding in the diagnosis of patients. In recent years, a number of novel myositis autoantibodies including anti-TIF1, anti-NXP2, anti-MDA5, anti-SAE, anti-HMGCR and anti-cN1A have been identified in both adult and juvenile patients. These autoantibodies correlate with distinct clinical manifestations and importantly are found in inclusion body, statin-induced, clinically amyopathic and juvenile groups of myositis patients, previously believed to be mainly autoantibody negative. In this review, we will describe the main myositis-specific and myositis-associated autoantibodies and their frequencies and clinical associations across different ages and ethnic groups. We will also discuss preliminary studies investigating correlations between specific myositis autoantibody titres and clinical markers of disease course, collectively demonstrating the utility of myositis autoantibodies as both diagnostic and prognostic markers of disease.
Anisotropic velocity model building and updating for prestack depth migration in Indonesia (2002)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2002Anisotropic velocity model building and updating for prestack depth migration in IndonesiaAuthors: Robert A. MeekPhil D. AnnoJoel D. BrewerMario CoralRobert A. MeekConoco Inc., Seismic Imaging Technology Center, Ponca City, Oklahoma, Phil D. AnnoConoco Inc., Seismic Imaging Technology Center, Ponca City, Oklahoma, Joel D. BrewerConoco Inc., Seismic Imaging Technology Center, Ponca City, Oklahoma, and Mario CoralConoco Inc., Reservoir Technology Center, Houston, Texashttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816938 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816938FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2002ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2002 Pages: 2478 publication data© 2002 Copyright © 2002 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 03 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Robert A. Meek, Phil D. Anno, Joel D. Brewer, and Mario Coral, (2002), "Anisotropic velocity model building and updating for prestack depth migration in Indonesia," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 145-148. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816938 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors: a patent review (2010 – present) (2014)

From 2010 to present, some novel scaffolds have been discovered as first-generation EGFR inhibitors, which are more potent against both EGFR-activating (EGFR WT) and resistance mutations (EGFRDM, T790M/L858R). 'Fast-Forwarding Hit to Lead' and 'Combi-Molecule' postulate to represent a novel approach to cancer therapy. The focus on irreversible inhibitors is also of significance for the design of kinase inhibitors. Searching nature for novel scaffolds is a promising way to find new chemical tools with which we can better understand the development of drug resistance to current targeted therapy and study ways to bypass and overcome such drug resistance.
Driving Style Modelling for Eco-driving Applications (2017)

Driver modeling is an important subject in transportation systems and intelligent vehicles. These models can replace human driver to quantify and enhance the technological solutions by means of simulation. In this paper a driving style model for representing three different styles is proposed. Simulation results on two road types are presented and the fuel consumption estimation obtained with this model is discussed. The model could then be used jointly with a trajectory optimization algorithm for designing an eco-driving advance driving assistance system (ADAS) for reducing fuel consumption which is adaptive to the driving style.