gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
心臓移植時の虚血再灌流障害を抑制することによりgraft coronary artery diseaseは防止できるか? : 新しいSOD類似物質の効果 (2003)

This study describes a reliable bioactivity assay of porcine relaxin (pRLX) based on cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation in the human monocyte cell-line quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). As a result, the LC-MS/MS was based on a positive selected reaction monitoring of cAMP with a stable internal standard, 8-Br-cAMP and a protein precipitation procedure by HClO4. The standard curve of cAMP was linear from 5.0 ng mL(-1) to 992.0 ng mL(-1), with lower limits of detection and quantification of 0.5 ng mL(-1) and 5.0 ng mL(-1), respectively. The satisfactory validation data including stability assay were obtained. When measured by the LC-MS/MS, the pRLX sample showed a time- and dose-dependent stimulation of cAMP with the concentration for 50% of the maximal effect (EC50) of 40.6 ng mL(-1). The developed method indicated higher precision and selectivity than the commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits, which showed EC50 of 66.6 ng mL(-1).
Low Childhood Cholesterol Absorption Predisposes to Gallstone Disease (2016)

Cholesterol metabolism trait characterized by low serum levels of surrogate markers of cholesterol absorption precedes adult gallstone disease already in childhood. Low serum cholestanol and plant sterol ratios during normal Western diet may have role as predictive biomarkers for gallstones.
Simulation of temperature distribution in a functional NbN nanoelement with an embedded normal metal region (2022)

A simulation of the temperature distribution in a functional NbN nanoelement with a built-in normal metal region has been carried out. The functional element consists of two NbN nanowires with a thickness of 4 nm, located on a substrate of monocrystalline AL 2 O 3 . The wires are separated by a 10 nm thick dielectric layer. A region of normal metal is embedded in the lower nanowire using the ZA technology. An approximate estimate of the performance of functional nanostructures, for the creation of which such a hike is used, is given. Keywords: Thin superconducting NbN films, functional superconducting nanoelements from NbN, modeling of thermal processes.
3D Texture Mapping for Rapid Manufacturing (2007)

Computer-Aided Design and Applications is an international journal on the applications of CAD and CAM. It publishes papers in the general domain of CAD plus in emerging fields like bio-CAD, nano-CAD, soft-CAD, garment-CAD, PLM, PDM, CAD data mining, CAD and the internet, CAD education, genetic algorithms and CAD engines. The journal is aimed at all developers and users of CAD technology to ptovide CAD solutions for various stages of design and manufacturing. The journal publishes all about Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided technologies.
The use of surface‐enhanced laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry to detect putative breast cancer markers in saliva: a feasibility study (2006)

The study suggests that saliva may be useful for high-throughput biomarker discovery.
Energy Efficient and Wideband Class-J Doherty Power Amplifier (2020)

This paper presents a systematic design technique for a wideband GaN HEMT Class-J Doherty amplifier based on the second harmonic tuning. Following a theoretical explore on the expanded design space for a dynamic load modulation, the output matching networks of both Carrier and Peaking amplifiers are synthesized to satisfy the Class-J load requirement. A wideband Class J DPA with a symmetrical architecture is designed as a proof-of-concept to operate over a 1.5 to 3.2 GHz band frequency and delivers 40%-47% power added efficiency.
Heat transfer during condensation of steam from steam-gas mixtures in the passive safety systems of nuclear power plants (2017)

A theoretical model for calculation of heat transfer during condensation of multicomponent vapor-gas mixtures on vertical surfaces, based on film theory and heat and mass transfer analogy is proposed. Calculations were performed for the conditions implemented in experimental studies of heat transfer during condensation of steam-gas mixtures in the passive safety systems of PWR-type reactors of different designs. Calculated values of heat transfer coefficients for condensation of steam-air, steam-air-helium and steam-air-hydrogen mixtures at pressures of 0.2 to 0.6 MPa and of steam-nitrogen mixture at the pressures of 0.4 to 2.6 MPa were obtained. The composition of mixtures and vapor-to-surface temperature difference were varied within wide limits. Tube length ranged from 0.65 to 9.79m. The condensation of all steam-gas mixtures took place in a laminar-wave flow mode of condensate film and turbulent free convection in the diffusion boundary layer. The heat transfer coefficients obtained by calculation using the proposed model are in good agreement with the considered experimental data for both the binary and ternary mixtures.
Advocates' immunity: What makes Australian lawyers so special? (2006)

This paper will be directed to examine the nature of advocates' immunity in light of the recent High Court decision of D'Orta-Ekenaike v Victorian Legal Aid [2005]. This case upholds advocates' immunity from suit for work intimately connected with court proceedings. The proposed paper will explore the current extent of this immunity in Australia, canvassing the difficulties connected with ascertaining the extent of the immunity given that it is not a blanket immunity for lawyers in general. The paper will also take into account comparative perspectives from other professions, as well as considering advocates' immunity in overseas jurisdictions. Within this paper there will be a strong focus on the policy and social considerations relating to advocates' immunity that have been relied upon to justify the retention of this doctrine within Australia. The areas covered by this doctrine encompass topics such as professional negligence, social justice and litigation, however, this paper will be concerned only with the issue of professional negligence.The proposed paper will fit well within the ALTA Conference Theme 'One Law For All?', providing a timely consideration of whether there should be uniformity across professions as well as international jurisdictions with respect to advocates' immunity.
Mouse model of split hand/foot malformation type I (2002)

Split hand/foot malformation type I (SHFM1) disease locus maps to chromosome 7q21.3-q22, a region that includes the distal-less-related (dll) genes DLX5 and DLX6. However, incomplete penetrance, variable expressivity, segregation distortion, and syndromic association with other anomalies have so far prevented the identification of the SHFM1 gene(s) in man. Here we show that the targeted double inactivation of Dlx5 and Dlx6 in the mouse causes in homozygous mutant animals bilateral ectrodactyly with a severe defect of the central ray of the hindlimbs, a malformation typical of SHFM1. This is the first evidence that the role of dll/Dlx genes in appendage development is conserved from insects to mammals and proves their involvement in SHFM1.
Capturing the past and present: Tools and methodologies for 3D modeling of small objects. (2009)

Emerging technologies in hardware and software in the field of laser scanning are creating new horizons in 3d modeling of artifacts. We are now capable of producing accurate models with hundreds of thousands triangles and photorealistic textures, so a new question arises, what is the optimum number of triangles and also the best tool to use for the production of these 3d models. Another aspect is how we can make these models available with the usage of free viewers which have the ability to handle large numbers of triangles and also have the capability for basic measurements and different representations of the model. The selection of the appropriate method for the 3d modelling and the representation lies in the complexity of the object, and the accuracy of the final model we want. In our study we present models of different small objects, either archaeological artifacts, or exhibits of modern art. These models were created using different techniques, photogrammetry and laser scanning. Depending on the modelled object we used different laser scanners, which we thought were appropriate for the task depending on the complexity and the size of the modelled object. Although a fine model was initially produced for each object, the final model was generalized to fit the needs at hand. The purpose of this paper is to present different methodologies for the creation of such 3d models, and propose a guideline for the usage of the appropriate methods and tools for the production of the model and also for its representation. In order to facilitate our methods we are giving examples of modelled objects, and we describe the methodology for their creation.
A natural plant derived‐dihydroisosteviol prevents cholera toxin‐induced intestinal fluid secretion (2008)

Stevioside and its major metabolite, steviol, have been reported to affect ion transport in many types of tissues, such as kidney, pancreas and intestine. The effect of stevioside, steviol and its analogs on intestinal Cl − secretion was investigated in a human T84 epithelial cell line. Short circuit current measurements showed that steviol, and analogs, isosteviol, dihydroisosteviol and isosteviol 16‐oxime, inhibited in a dose‐dependent manner forskolin‐induced Cl − secretion with IC50 of 101, 100, 9.6 and 50 μM, respectively, whereas the parent compound stevioside had no effect. Apical Cl − current measurement indicated that dihydroisosteviol targeted CFTR. The inhibitory action of dihydroisosteviol was reversible and was not associated with changes in intracellular cAMP level. In addition, dihydroisosteviol did not affect calcium‐activated chloride secretion and T84 cell viability. In vivo studies using a mouse closed loop model of cholera toxin‐induced intestinal fluid secretion showed that intraluminal injection of 50 μM dihydroisosteviol reduced intestinal fluid secretion by 89% without altering fluid absorption. These results indicate that dihydroisosteviol and similar compounds could be a new class of CFTR inhibitors useful for further development as antidiarrheal agents.
(R)-(+)-Noranicanine, a New Type of Trioxygenated Benzylisoquinoline. Isolation and Synthesis (1992)

R)<+)-Noranicanine (la), a new Iype of benzylisoquinoline p r e c m r was isolated from Aniba conelilla (Iauraceae) and its suucolre was determined by means of specoosMpic data as well as by synthesis.1-Benzylisoquinolines and their derivatives represent one of the preeminent group of alkaloids in plants.' The benzylisoquinoline skeleton is known to be produced, in vivo, via cyclization of Schiff bases formed from condensation of dopamine with either 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde or 3.4-dihydroxy~henylacetaldehyde.2Natural known 1-benzyltetrahydroisoquinolines with a monosubstituted benzyl group therefore always exhibit apara functionality in ring C. We now have isolated from a Bolivian Lauraceae, Aniba conelilla ,3 (+)noranicanine (I), a hioxygenated benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline with a different substitution pattern in ring C,
Streptococcus agalactiae Strains with Chromosomal Deletions Evade Detection with Molecular Methods (2019)

Surveillance of circulating microbial populations is critical for monitoring the performance of a molecular diagnostic test. In this study, we characterized 31 isolates of <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> (group B <i>Streptococcus</i> [GBS]) from several geographic locations in the United States and Ireland that contain deletions in or adjacent to the region of the chromosome that encodes the hemolysin gene <i>cfb</i>, the region targeted by the Xpert GBS and GBS LB assays. PCR-negative, culture-positive isolates were recognized during verification studies of the Xpert GBS assay in 12 laboratories between 2012 and 2018. Whole-genome sequencing of 15 GBS isolates from 11 laboratories revealed four unique deletions of chromosomal DNA ranging from 181 bp to 49 kb. Prospective surveillance studies demonstrated that the prevalence of GBS isolates containing deletions in the convenience sample was <1% in three geographic locations but 7% in a fourth location. Among the 15 isolates with chromosomal deletions, multiple pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types were identified, one of which appears to be broadly dispersed across the United States.
Aerosol Property Retrieval Algorithm over Northeast Asia from TANSO-CAI Measurements Onboard GOSAT (2017)

The presence of aerosol has resulted in serious limitations in the data coverage and large uncertainties in retrieving carbon dioxide (CO2) amounts from satellite measurements. For this reason, an aerosol retrieval algorithm was developed for the Thermal and Near-infrared Sensor for carbon Observation-Cloud and Aerosol Imager (TANSO-CAI) launched in January 2009 on board the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT). The algorithm retrieves aerosol optical depth (AOD), aerosol size information, and aerosol type in 0.1° grid resolution by look-up tables constructed using inversion products from Aerosol Robotic NETwork (AERONET) sun-photometer observation over Northeast Asia as a priori information. To improve the accuracy of the TANSO-CAI aerosol algorithm, we consider both seasonal and annual estimated radiometric degradation factors of TANSO-CAI in this study. Surface reflectance is determined by the same 23-path composite method of Rayleigh and gas corrected reflectance to avoid the stripes of each band. To distinguish aerosol absorptivity, reflectance difference test between ultraviolet (band 1) and visible (band 2) wavelengths depending on AODs was used. To remove clouds in aerosol retrieval, the normalized difference vegetation index and ratio of reflectance between band 2 (0.674 μm) and band 3 (0.870 μm) threshold tests have been applied. To mask turbid water over ocean, a threshold test for the estimated surface reflectance at band 2 was also introduced. The TANSO-CAI aerosol algorithm provides aerosol properties such as AOD, size information and aerosol types from June 2009 to December 2013 in this study. Here, we focused on the algorithm improvement for AOD retrievals and their validation in this study. The retrieved AODs were compared with those from AERONET and the Aqua/MODerate resolution Imaging Sensor (MODIS) Collection 6 Level 2 dataset over land and ocean. Comparisons of AODs between AERONET and TANSO-CAI over Northeast Asia showed good agreement with correlation coefficient (R) 0.739 ± 0.046, root mean square error (RMSE) 0.232 ± 0.047, and linear regression line slope 0.960 ± 0.083 for the entire period. Over ocean, the comparisons between Aqua/MODIS and TANSO-CAI for the same period over Northeast Asia showed improved consistency, with correlation coefficient 0.830 ± 0.047, RMSE 0.140 ± 0.019, and linear regression line slope 1.226 ± 0.063 for the entire period. Over land, however, the comparisons between Aqua/MODIS and TANSO-CAI show relatively lower correlation (approximate R = 0.67, RMSE = 0.40, slope = 0.77) than those over ocean. In order to improve accuracy in retrieving CO2 amounts, the retrieved aerosol properties in this study have been provided as input for CO2 retrieval with GOSAT TANSO-Fourier Transform Spectrometer measurements.
동태적 Panel 분석을 통한 R&D투자의 지역효과 분석 (2014)

본 논문은 연구개발투자의 지방경제에 대한 효과와 관련한 논문이다. 연구개발투자는 구체적으로 피투자자의 고용증대와 생산성 증대를 통해 지역경제에 기여한다. 투자를 받은 기업과기관(피투자자)은 증가된 생산성과 매출액, 고용증가로 만족할 수 있다. R&D 차원에서는 중앙정부 R&D 펀드나 기업의 자체투자 등이 해당된다. 혁신은 기업 내에서만 존재하는 것이 아니라 regional innovation도 연구대상이며 연구개발투자가 한 지역에서 중앙정부 펀드건 기업체 자금이건 진행되면 지역 내 연구 인력, 연구기관 등이 작동되고 성과로 지역 내에 특허, 지적 재산권 등이 증가될 것으로 가정할 수 있다. 좀 더 진전된 긍정적인 효과는 지역산업과 내재적인 관계에서 출발한다. 이 연구는 한국의 panel 데이터를 사용하여 연구개발투자의 지방경제에 대한 효과와 관련한 실증분석 사항이다. Lag 종속변수를 가진 Autoregressive 모형을 통해 Dynamic Panel 추정치가 구해졌으며, Da Silva 방법을 사용하여 혼합된Variance-component moving average error process가 추정되었다. 연구개발투자는 지역의 생산성을 향상시키는 데 매우 중요한 요소이며 효과의 크기는 한국경제 역사에서 기간에 크게 의존한다.
Isolation of head and neck squamous carcinoma cancer stem-like cells in a syngeneic mouse model and analysis of hypoxia effect (2012)

The incidence of oral tumors is increasing around the world and despite recent advances in early detection and diagnosis, current treatments are still unsatisfactory. Recent data suggest that tumor persistence and recurrence could be due to the presence of a rare cell population called cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are generally spared by traditional treatments. Therefore, identification and characterization of CSCs are extremely important to develop novel and effective treatment strategies for cancer. The aim of this study was to identify and isolate CSCs in an established murine head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell line and to investigate the influence of hypoxic conditions on the isolated cell popul-ation. Using the expression of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) enzymatic activity, which is now recognized as a CSC marker in various tumors, we isolated a cell population expressing high levels of ALDH1 (ALDH1high) representing 1±0.6% in the murine SCC-VII cell line. These cells were injected subcutaneously in syngeneic animals to evaluate their tumorigenic properties. For the lowest injected cell dose (250 injected cells), tumor occurrence and median tumor size were higher in ALDH1high injected mice than in ALDH1low injected mice. Following an in vivo passage and culture in serum-free medium, the percentage of ALDH1high cells increased by 3‑fold in SCC-VII CSCs (oral spheres) compared to the SCC-VII cell line. This percentage was further increased when oral spheres were cultured under hypoxic conditions. In conclusion, this study reports for the first time the isolation of HNSCC CSCs in a syngeneic mouse model and the use of hypoxia as a method to further enrich the ALDH1high cell population.
Circulating Tumor Cells as a Tool to Untangle the Breast Cancer Heterogeneity Issue (2021)

Breast cancer (BC) is a disease characterized by high degrees of heterogeneity at morphologic, genomic, and genetic levels, even within the same tumor mass or among patients. As a consequence, different subpopulations coexist and less represented clones may have a selective advantage, significantly influencing the outcome of BC patients. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent a rare population of cells with a crucial role in metastatic cascade, and in recent years have represented a fascinating alternative to overcome the heterogeneity issue as a "liquid biopsy". However, besides the raw enumeration of these cells in advanced epithelial tumors, there are no CTC-based assays applied in the clinical practice to improve personalized medicine. In this review, we report the latest findings in the field of CTCs for intra-tumoral heterogeneity unmasking in BC, supporting the need to deepen their analysis to investigate their role in metastatic process and include the molecular characterization in the clinical practice. In the future, CTCs will be helpful in monitoring patients during treatment, as well as to better address therapeutic strategies.
Internet of things in medicine (2019)

The Internet of things (IoT) has greatly impacted many industries including the medical. The application of IoT is increasing daily in every aspect of the medical industry. In fact, IoT has been identified as a technological solution to some medical challenges and a game changer for the healthcare services. This paper provides a brief introduction to the use of IoT in medicine.
Effect of Sucrose (C H O ) Doping on the Critical Current Density of MgB (2007)

MgB2 bulk samples doped with sucrose were fabricated with the formula MgB2-x Cx ( x= 0, 0.08, 0.12, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5). Appropriate amounts of sucrose corresponding to the desired carbon content were added. The doping effect of sucrose was observed. It was found that samples doped with x = 02 sucrose have optimized current density at high magnetic field. The optimized sintering temperature for high current density was found to be 850 C. H 2 and H irr were both found to be improved due to the sucrose doping.
Studies on testosterone metabolism in subjects with testicular feminization syndrome (1970)

The metabolism of radioactive testosterone simultaneously administered intravenously and either orally or percutaneously has been studied in seven patients with the syndrome of testicular feminization and compared with that of normal males and females. This investigation was carried out in order to determine the relative contribution to urinary 17-oxo and 17beta-hydroxy androstane steroids of labeled testosterone, according to its mode of administration. In normal males the yields of urinary 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol (androstanediol) originating from either an intravenous or a percutaneous dose of testosterone were respectively 3 and 6 times higher than those arising from an oral dose which perfuses the liver directly. These data indicate that in normal males, testosterone might be 5alpha-hydrogenated outside the liver. By contrast in patient with feminizing testes, because the contribution to androstanediol of radioactive testosterone is identical whatever its mode of administration, the extrahepatic 5alpha-reduction of this substrate seems very unlikely. The metabolic abnormalities observed in patients with testicular feminization syndrome may be reproduced in normal males by estrogen treatment. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of the patients to estrogen seems to be 10 times greater than that of normal males. This sensitivity was appreciated from the reduction of radioactive testosterone intravenously injected to urinary 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one and androstanediol and also from the level of plasma binding for testosterone. This level was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in patients with feminizing testes than in normal males. The level increased dramatically after administration of a low dose of estrogen whereas this effect was not observed in normal males under the same experimental conditions. In light of these results the defect of extrahepatic 5alpha-reduction of testosterone observed in patients with feminizing testes does not necessarily reflect an enzymatic impairment but might be related to an abnormal synthesis of plasma binding protein(s) under the effect of circulating estrogens so that an abnormally small amount of unbound testosterone may be available in target cells for 5alpha-reduction.
Neurophysiological differentiation of upper motor neuron damage in neurodegenerative disorders (2022)

CMCT can be useful to differentiate ALS and MSA.
AID−/−μs−/− Mice Are Agammaglobulinemic and Fail to Maintain B220−CD138+ Plasma Cells (2007)

The terminal stage of B cell differentiation culminates in the formation of plasma cells (PC), which secrete large quantities of Igs. Despite recent progress in understanding the molecular aspect of PC differentiation and maintenance, the requirement for the synthesis of secretory Igs as a contributing factor has not been explored. To address this issue, we generated activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID)/secretory mu-chain (mus) double-knockout mice, in which a normally diverse repertoire of B cell receptors is retained, yet B cells are unable to synthesize secretory Igs. These mice possess polyclonal B cells but have no serum Igs. Following immunization in vivo, PCs, identified by CD138 expression and loss of the B220 marker, were starkly reduced in number in spleen and bone marrow of AID(-/-)mus(-/-) agammaglobulinemic mice compared with wild-type mice. Upon mitogenic stimulation in vitro, AID(-/-)mus(-/-) B cells differentiated into plasmablasts to some extent, but showed reduced survival compared with wild-type B cells. We found no evidence that this reduced survival was attributable to accumulation of membrane IgM. Our results indicate that the synthesis of secretory Igs is a requirement for maintenance of B220(-)CD138(+) PCs.