gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular weight influence on shape memory effect of shape memory polymer blend (poly(caprolactone)/styrene‐butadiene‐styrene) (2020)

Abstract The shape memory effect (SME) does not only concern the macroscopic structure. It concerns also the polymer structure at morphological, macromolecular, and molecular scales. This effect may depend on different physicochemical properties like morphology heterogeneity, chain rigidity, steric hindrance, chain polarity, free volume, cross‐linking or entanglement density, molecular shape and weight, and so on. Hence, finding the relationship between the SME and these properties is very important. This can help to obtain the knowledge about the phenomenon origin and mechanism. One of the basic polymer properties, which can have direct SME, may be the molecular weight ( M w ). The question here is: If the M w of a shape memory polymer (SMP) changes, for different reasons like degradation, what will be the effect of this change on its SME. In order to answer to this question, the investigation is focused on an SMP blend of 40% poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) (PCL) and 60% styrene‐butadiene‐styrene (SBS). Then, enzymatic hydrolysis is performed on this blend to change its M w . It is shown that this change is only related to the variation in the M w of PCL. After that, different samples with a distinct average M w are prepared and characterized by various experimental methods. Shape memory tests are performed on these blends, and the recovery rate ( R r ) for each of them is determined. It is found that when M w of PCL decreases, its degree of crystallinity, its glass transition, and its melting temperatures, corresponding to the PCL phase, increase. However, the elongation at break of the blend declines with the reduction in M w . The tests show that the alteration in the blend's M w influences its SME. Indeed, R r of the (PCL/SBS) mixture drops with the decrease in M w of PCL.
Al-27 NMR without Probe Background (1993)

Al-27 NMR is a useful tool in studying structural features of aluminum chemicals. However, Al-27 NMR is hindered by an Al-27 background from NMR probes. This background is a very broad, featureless Al-27 resonance with a chemical shift of about 50 ppm. It is often difficult to distinguish resonances of many aluminum species, which are themselves usually very broad, from the probe background. At least three literature references note the Al-27 probe background. Further, we have observed virtually identical probe backgrounds in standard 10-mm broad-band probes of all major vendors of NMR instruments. In this discussion we report elimination of the probe background through modification of a standard NMR probe.
ACPI thermal sensing and control in the PC (2002)

The ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) specification was developed to provide a standardized approach to configuring the hardware, systems, and software necessary for power and thermal management within the PC. Temperature sensors and system monitors are a core part of any reliable thermal management system. This paper discusses ways to use temperature sensing in the PC for optimum conformance to the ACPI specification. While the discussion focuses on PC applications, many of the concepts presented here also apply to electronic systems in general. As we will see, efficient, cost-effective solutions are possible with the right component choices. Components are available that can off-load much of the ACPI requirement from the operating system, thereby enabling the computer to achieve its full performance potential.
Real-time interactive surgical simulator for catheter navigation (1998)

This paper describes the simulation of real-time catheter navigation using an electro-mechanical device in our interactive surgical simulation system. The device consists of a position/rotation measurement system, a mechanical system and a micro-controller. The mechanical system houses a set of simulated catheter and guidewire whose feel resembles their actual counterparts. Using optical encoders, the measurement system detects the rotations and displacements of the simulated catheter and guidewire. The movement signals are then analyzed and accumulated by the micro-controller and sent to the workstation host via serial link. The device driver on the host computer further processes these signals and turns them into correctly scaled displacement and rotation values. By manipulating the simulated catheter on the device, the virtual catheter and guidewire are advanced, retracted or twisted in the virtual blood vessels. Accurate navigation of the catheter and guidewire is achieved through the use of efficient finite element methods. The images of the virtual catheter/guidewire and the virtual blood vessels are computed based on the user-specified zoom and pan factors. These images are superimposed on the corresponding fluoroscopic image and displayed in real-time on the computer screen.
Sustained release of iodine from a polymeric hydrogel device for water disinfection (2006)

Abstract 2‐Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) based polymeric hydrogels were synthesized by free‐radical redox bulk polymerization technique using 1% ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as crosslinking monomer and ammonium persulfate (APS) and N , N , N ′, N ′‐tetramethyl ethylenediamine (TEMED) as redox initiator. Polymeric hydrogel samples were loaded with solid elemental iodine. Thermal and physical characteristics of polymer before loading and after 3 months release of iodine were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). On immersing in water, different forms of iodine were released from the hydrogel device. The amount and rate of release of I − and I were measured by analytical techniques. Released iodine species showed broad spectrum antimicrobial properties and release was sustained for about 120 days. Polymeric hydrogel iodine‐based system developed can be used as a device for controlled release of iodine species at concentration levels sufficient for disinfection to get potable water. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3334–3340, 2007
A shape- and morphology-controlled metal organic framework template for high-efficiency solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (2015)

Deliberate calcination of shape- and morphology-controlled MIL-125(Ti) gave mesoporous hierarchical TiO<sub>2</sub>(hier-TiO<sub>2</sub>) with an anatase phase and a large surface area. DSSCs fabricated with the hier-TiO<sub>2</sub>photoanode and a solid electrolyte exhibited a high efficiency of 8.0%.
The proper use of indices of metamerism (2008)

Abstract General (spectral) and special (colorimetric) indices of metamerism have been developed to evaluate match quality for metameric and parameric specimens. For a parameric pair, in which there is not an exact colorimetric match for a reference observer and illuminant, various corrections can be used to adjust one of the stimuli such that an exact match is achieved. These adjustments can be spectral or colorimetric. In cases where the mismatch is large, the resultant metameric index may be misleading. A small index of metamerism and a large color difference under the reference conditions has a different interpretation than its converse. This is demonstrated for blue, yellow, magenta artist paints matching a spectrally nonselective gray. The implication is that special indices of metamerism should be calculated only for a limited range of color differences under the reference condition. It is suggested that metameric indices should not be calculated for pairs having a mismatch beyond a threshold value, for example, 5 Δ E . © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 33, 509–512, 2008
Obesity increases nociceptive activation of the trigeminal system (2012)

These results support the hypothesis that diet-induced obesity in mice enhances nociceptive processing within the TNC. Diet-induced obesity may be a useful model for mechanistic studies. Future studies will improve our understanding of how obesity may contribute to trigeminal pain by sensitizing the trigeminal nociceptive system.
Cultured neurons release an inhibitor of astroglia proliferation (astrostatine) (1990)

Using in vitro techniques, we looked for a possible downregulation of rat astroglia proliferation by neuronal cells. We demonstrate that medium conditioned by 7-day-old rat cerebellar granule neurons or by 16-day-old rat embryo hippocampal neurons strongly inhibits the proliferation of cultured astroglial cells. Two neuronal cell lines, the PC12 rat pheocromocytoma and the neuro 2A (N2A) murine neuroblastoma also release such an activity. This release in N2A-conditioned medium (CM) occurs when the cells are at high density and show a low proliferation rate. This activity is present in media conditioned by neuronal cells, but not in media conditioned by normal astrocytes, by two glioma cell lines, or by one fibroblastic cell line. This proliferation inhibitor addresses normal astrocytes: the proliferation of two glioma cell lines, of a fibroblastic cell line, and of the two neuronal cell lines (PC12, N2A) is not inhibited by N2A CM. Moreover, this activity is directed against type 1 astrocytes, but not against type 2. Using three different assays, we demonstrate that DNA synthesis by astroglial cells is inhibited. N2A CM has no cytotoxic effect on astrocytes and does not modify their overall protein synthesis. Using affinity and gel filtration chromatography, we show that this activity is associated with a protein whose molecular weight ranges between 15 and 20 kDa. The possible relationship between this N2A cell-derived astroglia proliferation inhibitor and other types of potential glial proliferation inhibitors has been investigated. A brain glycoprotein immunologically related to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was reported to inhibit astroglial cell proliferation in vitro. Using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against EGFR, we were unable to immunoprecipitate the astrocyte proliferation inhibitor in N2A CM or to demonstrate by immunoblotting the presence of an EGFR-like immunoreactivity in the N2A CM or in the active chromatographic fractions of N2A CM. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) is a well-known modulator of the proliferation of various cell types and was shown to be present in N2A CM. Using a polyclonal anti-TGF beta antibody that recognizes TGF beta on Western blots of N2A CM, we were unable to immunoprecipitate the astrocyte proliferation inhibitor of N2A CM. It seems thus far that the neuronal astroglia proliferation inhibitor is a new protein for which we propose the name astrostatine.
Transarterial chemoembolization and bland embolization for hepatocellular carcinoma (2014)

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the first line treatment for patients with intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma but is also increasingly being used for patients on the transplant waiting list to prevent further tumor growth. Despite its widespread use, TACE remains an unstandardized procedure, with variation in type and size of embolizing particles, type and dose of chemotherapy and interval between therapies. Existing evidence from randomized controlled trials suggest that bland transarterial embolization (TAE) has the same efficacy with TACE. In the current article, we review the use of TACE and TAE for hepatocellular carcinoma and we focus on the evidence for their use.
[Thyroid function in prophylactic therapy with lithium (author's transl)]. (1978)

In 62 out-patients under maintenance treatment with lithium, thyroid function was evaluated. 21% of the patients exhibited goiter II0; 34% showed elevated thyrotrophin (TSH) serum levels; in 42% exaggerated TSH response to intravenous thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) was found.
Fatty acid pattern of epiploic and parametrial lipids in second generation rats depleted in long-chain polyunsaturated w3 fatty acids (2007)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Circulating Micrornas Predict Survival of Patients with Tumors of Glial Origin (2018)

The World Health Organization has recently introduced molecular prognostic-diagnostic biomarkers in the classification of Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors. In order to characterize subclasses of tumors that cannot find a precise location in the current classification, and, or cannot be tested because of scant material, it is important to find new molecular biomarkers in tissue and, or biological fluid samples. In this study, we identified serum microRNAs that could serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with tumors of glial origin. We retrospectively analyzed microRNA expression in the serum extracellular vesicles of patients with tumors of glial origin. Extracellular vesicles RNA was analyzed by Nanostring. qRT-PCR confirmed 6 overexpressed microRNAs: hsa-miR-4443, hsa-miR-422a, hsa-miR-494-3p, hsa-miR-502-5p, hsa-miR-520f-3p, and hsa-miR-549a. Hsa-miR-4443 was the only microRNA that showed significant differences in most comparisons. In situ hybridization (ISH), confirmed that our signature was mostly expressed in cancer cells. Importantly, hsa-miR-549a and hsa-miR-502-5p expression predicted prognosis in patients with tumors of glial origin. Although more studies are needed, we demonstrated that serum vesicles microRNA profiles are promising diagnostic and prognostic molecular biomarkers that will find an actual application in the clinical practice of CNS tumors.
Wavefront-Guided Ablation Retreatment Using Iris Registration (2009)

Wavefront-guided LASIK retreatment with IR after LASIK is an effective, predictable, and safe procedure in cases requiring a single retreatment. In contrast, eyes with previous retreatments showed less predictability and lower percentage of eyes with postoperative 20/20 UCVA.
Ultrasound as a Neurotherapeutic: A Circuit- and System-Based Interrogation (2022)

Focused ultrasound is a novel brain stimulation modality that combines the noninvasiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and the precision of deep brain stimulation. In this review, the authors examine low-intensity focused ultrasound for brain mapping and neuromodulation. They also discuss high-intensity focused ultrasound, which is used for incisionless surgeries, such as capsulotomies for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Future potential applications of focused ultrasound are also presented.
Intelligent 5G: When Cellular Networks Meet Artificial Intelligence (2017)

5G cellular networks are assumed to be the key enabler and infrastructure provider in the ICT industry, by offering a variety of services with diverse requirements. The standardization of 5G cellular networks is being expedited, which also implies more of the candidate technologies will be adopted. Therefore, it is worthwhile to provide insight into the candidate techniques as a whole and examine the design philosophy behind them. In this article, we try to highlight one of the most fundamental features among the revolutionary techniques in the 5G era, i.e., there emerges initial intelligence in nearly every important aspect of cellular networks, including radio resource management, mobility management, service provisioning management, and so on. However, faced with ever-increasingly complicated configuration issues and blossoming new service requirements, it is still insufficient for 5G cellular networks if it lacks complete AI functionalities. Hence, we further introduce fundamental concepts in AI and discuss the relationship between AI and the candidate techniques in 5G cellular networks. Specifically, we highlight the opportunities and challenges to exploit AI to achieve intelligent 5G networks, and demonstrate the effectiveness of AI to manage and orchestrate cellular network resources. We envision that AI-empowered 5G cellular networks will make the acclaimed ICT enabler a reality.
Qualification Model 4x4 Microwave Switch Matrix for the COMS Ka-Band Communication Payload (2007)

[Abstract] This paper presents the design and test results of the Qualification Model 4x4 Microwave Switch Matrix (MSM) using PIN diode switches for the Communication, Oceanographic, and Meteorological Satellite (COMS) Ka-band communication payload. The parallel capacitance of a PIN diode restricts the isolation of the series PIN diode switch and the switch driver circuit limits the switching speed of PIN diode switch. The resonant circuitry and the TTL compatible switch driver circuit are proposed to obtain high isolation and high switching speed. High path isolation in the 4x4 MSM module was accomplished by using the appropriate interconnection cavity between 4-way power divider and SPST switch. The test results of the Qualification Model 4x4 MSM show that insertion loss is 16 dB, on-off isolation is more than 57 dB and on-off transition time is below than 30 ns.
Resistance of Botrytis cinerea to Multiple Fungicides in Northern German Small-Fruit Production (2011)

During the vegetation period 2010, 353 isolates of Botrytis cinerea from 23 Northern German strawberry, raspberry, highbush blueberry, and redcurrant fields were examined for sensitivity to the benzimidazole derivative thiophanate-methyl and the dicarboximide iprodione, as well as five fungicides currently used against gray mold in Germany. Of all isolates, 40.5% were highly resistant to thiophanate-methyl, 64.0% to iprodione, 45.0% to fenhexamid, 76.8% to trifloxystrobin, 21.5% to boscalid, and 14.7% to cyprodinil. No high resistance to fludioxonil was observed but medium resistance was recorded to fludioxonil as well as cyprodinil (41.1 and 27.2% of all isolates, respectively). In all, 63 isolates were sensitive to all five of the currently registered botryticides whereas 43, 81, 94, 49, and 23 isolates were medium or highly resistant to one, two, three, four, and five fungicides, respectively. Isolates resistant to five fungicides in vitro were capable of causing fruit rot on wounded apple pretreated with any one of the three commercially available products containing fenhexamid, pyraclostrobin plus boscalid, or cyprodinil plus fludioxonil. These results question the sustainability of the current gray mold control strategy relying exclusively on fungicides with specific, single-site modes of action.
Synthesis and photoluminescence properties of Mn2+ doped ZnCN2 phosphors (2021)

Mn2+ doped ZnCN2 phosphors were synthesized by a solid-state reaction from doped zinc oxalate and carbon nitride under NH3 atmosphere at 600 °C in only 1 h. The samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and their diffuse reflectance and luminescence properties were investigated. All pure and well-crystallized Mn2+ doped samples exhibit broad orange emission around 585 nm when excited at 270 nm at room temperature corresponding to the 4T1g(4G) → 6A1g(6S) transition. Maximum emission is obtained for Mn2+ content of 2 mol% and the emission intensity decreases drastically on the order of 90% between 293 and 385 K. Additionally, the blue luminescence of as-prepared non-doped ZnCN2 is discussed on the basis of the presence of crystal defects.
Role of band 3 tyrosine phosphorylation in the regulation of erythrocyte glycolysis (1991)

Previous studies demonstrated that the in vitro tyrosine phosphorylation of the human erythrocyte anion transporter, band 3, prevented the binding of various glycolytic enzymes to the N terminus of the cytoplasmic tail. Since these enzymes are inhibited in their bound state, the functional consequences of band 3 tyrosine phosphorylation in the red cell should be to activate the enzymes and elevate glycolysis. We searched for various enhancers of band 3 tyrosine phosphorylation using a novel assay designed to measure the phosphotyrosine levels at the band 3 tyrosine phosphorylation/glycolytic enzyme-binding site. This assay measures the extent of phosphorylation of a synthetic band 3 peptide entrapped within resealed red cells. Using this assay, three distinct compounds, all mild oxidants, were found to stimulate the tyrosine phosphorylation of band 3. All three compounds were also found to elevate glycolytic rates in intact erythrocytes. Moreover, the antitumor drug adriamycin was found to coordinately prevent these agents from stimulating both band 3 tyrosine phosphorylation and erythrocyte glycolysis. These results suggest a possible function for a protein tyrosine kinase in human erythrocytes, to regulate glycolysis through the tyrosine phosphorylation of band 3.
The Relationship of Adenovirus-Induced Paracrystalline Structures to the Virus Core Protein(s) (1972)

SUMMARY The paracrystalline structures appearing in human adenovirus-infected KB and human embryonic lung fibroblast cells have been shown by immunofluorescent-staining procedures to be serologicaly related to the adenovirus core protein(s) — the arginon and P-antigen components described by others. Cytochemical staining and arginine-depletion studies demonstrated the arginine-rich nature of the paracrystalline formations. It was possible, using proflavine or decreased amounts of arginine in the culture medium, to block the assembly of intact virus particles without affecting the appearance of the paracrystals.
Microfluidics for Ultra High-Throughput Experimentation: Droplets, Dots & Photons (2018)

Andrew J. deMello is professor of Biochemical Engineering in the Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences at ETH Z\"urich. In this contribution he describes the efforts that his lab has undertaken in developing novel microfluidic systems for molecular and nanomaterial synthesis, droplet-based systems for ultra-high-throughput experimentation and novel optical techniques for sensitive and rapid analysis in small volume environments.
Inhibition of in Vivo and in Vitro Transcription by Monoclonal Antibodies Prepared against Wheat Germ RNA Polymerase II That React with the Heptapeptide Repeat of Eukaryotic RNA Polymerase II (1989)

Wheat germ RNA polymerase II was used to raise monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that cross-react with the largest subunit of calf thymus RNA polymerase II. Most of these mAbs were of the IgM isotype and were shown to react with a synthetic peptide containing the consensus sequence for the C-terminal heptapeptide repeat that has been found on the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II from a variety of eukaryotic organisms. A representative mAb (3WG2) was tested for its effect on transcription in both in vitro and in vivo systems. Antibody 3WG2 did not affect the transcription (elongation) of wheat germ RNA polymerase II on denatured calf thymus DNA. When HeLa cell nuclear extracts were preincubated with the mAb, run-off transcription from a promoter that contains a TATA box (the adenovirus-2 major late promoter) and from a promoter that does not contain a TATA box (the murine dihydrofolate reductase gene promoter = dhfr) was inhibited. Transcription from these promoters was also inhibited by the synthetic peptide containing the consensus sequence when it was conjugated to bovine serum albumin. HeLa cell nuclear extract in which the endogenous RNA polymerase II had been inhibited by the specific mAb was used to examine the ability of added mammalian RNA polymerase II that lacks the C-terminal domain to accurately transcribe specific genes. When calf thymus RNA polymerase II that lacked the C-terminal domain was added back to the inhibited extract, a discrete transcript that was initiated correctly was obtained with the adenovirus-2 major late promoter; however, no discrete transcript was observed from the mouse dhfr gene promoter. When injected into Xenopus laevis oocytes, antibody 3WG2 inhibited transcription of the human histone H2b gene (contains a TATA box) and the human U1 small nuclear RNA gene (does not contain a TATA box), but did not inhibit transcription from RNA polymerase I or RNA polymerase III promoters. These results indicate that the C-terminal heptapeptide repeat plays a critical role in promoter-directed transcription, although enzyme that lacks this domain can initiate from some promoters in vitro.