gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New techniques for data collection and integration for RTI/IVHS (1991)

Video surveys are being used in Doncaster to provide an up-to-date inventory of the highway network and street furniture. The techniques being used are closely related to those under development for the collection of network attribute data for Advanced Transport Telematics (ATT) / Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS) systems, in particular for route guidance and navigation systems. The success of systems such as Autoguide, EURO-SCOUT (formerly called ALI-SCOUT), CARIN, Travelpilot and dual-mode route guidance will be critically dependent upon the quality of the data on which navigation and routeing recommendations are based. Experience, in London and Berlin in particular, has shown that the information presented to the driver throughout his journey needs to be accurate, precisely timed and in a large number of cases specifically tailored to the details of individual junction layouts. It is not possible to provide the quality of data necessary for system acceptance without detailed surveys of the roads on which guidance is to be given. Video survey techniques offer the flexibility to view road and junction layouts in a controlled office environment, minimising the need for costly re-surveying, and significantly improving data quality and consistency. The system in use in Doncaster is providing the basis of an innovative methodology in which in-vehicle computers are interfaced with navigation systems and professional video techniques. This results in the integration of the digital map base with the information required to generate the vitally important turning recommendations for the driver and the accurate data necessary for successful map-matching. The paper presents results and conclusions from Doncaster. It reviews the need for this type of accurate data, describes experiences in existing trials of ATT/IVHS systems, analyses developments in digital map creation techniques and presents the context into which the new generation of data collection methodology will be integrated.
On handling electronic ink (1995)

article Free Access Share on On handling electronic ink Authors: Walid G. Aref Panasonic Technologies, Inc., Princeton, NJ Panasonic Technologies, Inc., Princeton, NJView Profile , Ibrahim Kamel Panasonic Technologies, Inc., Princeton, NJ Panasonic Technologies, Inc., Princeton, NJView Profile , Daniel P. Lopresti Panasonic Technologies, Inc., Princeton, NJ Panasonic Technologies, Inc., Princeton, NJView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Computing SurveysVolume 27Issue 4pp 564–567https://doi.org/10.1145/234782.234791Published:01 December 1995Publication History 2citation670DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations2Total Downloads670Last 12 Months25Last 6 weeks4 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Effect of chloroquine on phagolysosomal fusion in cultured guinea pig alveolar macrophages: Implications in drug delivery (2020)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chloroquine on phagolysosomal fusion (PLF) in cultured guinea pig alveolar macrophages (AMs). This technique may be of significance for antitubercular drugs, because the survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is linked to evasion of PLF. Guinea pig AMs were obtained from anesthetized animals after exsanguination. The AMs were cultured at a density of 1×106 cell/mL in 24-well plates after attachment to 13-mm coverslips. Culture conditions were at 37°C, with 95% air/5% CO2 in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 medium with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum. Rhodamine-dextran (70 kd) was incubated with the cells at 0.25 mg/mL for 24 hours to label the lysosomes. Chloroquine treatment where indicated was performed at 10–20 μ g/mL for 1 hour. Fluorescent BioParticles were then added, and PLF was monitored by formation of an organge-yellow fluorescence on fusion of green fluorescent BioParticles with rhodamine-labeled lysosomes. PLF endpoints were measured by scoring for the percentage of orange-yellow cells in the field of view. Image analysis to measure the intensity of the orange-yellow color was performed by obtaining a, b values for 5×5 pixel areas using the Photo Adobe program 4.0.1.
The COPD Biomarkers Qualification Consortium Database: Baseline Characteristics of the St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire Dataset (2017)

The COPD Biomarkers Qualification Consortium (CBQC) is a public-private partnership formed in 2010 with a goal of qualifying biomarkers and clinical assessment tools for use in clinical or nonclinical decision-making and particularly within the regulatory context. The St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) is a measure of health-related quality of life widely used in clinical research. The aim of the CBQC working group on SGRQ was to construct an individual patient level database of clinical trial data that included the SGRQ, to use this to confirm the reliability and validity of the SGRQ as an outcome measure of health status, and investigate its use as a predictor of future events (exacerbations and mortality). This manuscript describes the formulation of the CBQC database and presents the baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of the integrated SGRQ database overall, and by study type (short-term [≤1 year], medium-term [2-4 years] and observational studies). Distribution of baseline SGRQ scores varied little by demographic determinants except for income region in the observational data set (low-middle income countries +10 units compared with high income, <i>p</i><0.0001) and this observation held across studies. SGRQ scores increased with increasing modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scores (mean differences ranged 6.9-17.9 units) and with increasing airflow limitations (Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease grades 1 to 4; differences ranged 4.5-16.1 units), consistent across study types. As a method of cross-sectional comparison, the SGRQ appears to be relatively free of bias from demographic factors although care should be taken when making cross sectional comparisons of scores between patients in countries at different levels of socio-economic development/.
Improved A Posteriori Speech Presence Probability Estimation Based on a Likelihood Ratio With Fixed Priors (2008)

In this paper, we present an improved estimator for the speech presence probability at each time-frequency point in the short-time Fourier transform domain. In contrast to existing approaches, this estimator does not rely on an adaptively estimated and thus signal-dependent a priori signal-to-noise ratio estimate. It therefore decouples the estimation of the speech presence probability from the estimation of the clean speech spectral coefficients in a speech enhancement task. Using both a fixed a priori signal-to-noise ratio and a fixed prior probability of speech presence, the proposed a posteriori speech presence probability estimator achieves probabilities close to zero for speech absence and probabilities close to one for speech presence. While state-of-the-art speech presence probability estimators use adaptive prior probabilities and signal-to-noise ratio estimates, we argue that these quantities should reflect true a priori information that shall not depend on the observed signal. We present a detection theoretic framework for determining the fixed a priori signal-to-noise ratio. The proposed estimator is conceptually simple and yields a better tradeoff between speech distortion and noise leakage than state-of-the-art estimators.
Field Tests on a Bubbleless Membrane Aerator (1991)

A novel bubbleless hollow fiber membrane aerator has been developed and tested for the oxygenation of water. In this process pure oxygen is maintained on the inside of a bundle of sealed, hollow, gas permeable fibers at a pressure below the bubble point, and the water to be aerated is pumped over the outside of the fibers. Oxygen diffuses across the porous fiber walls and dissolves directly into the water without the formation of bubbles. The process provides 100% oxygen transfer efficiency at a reasonable power input. Field tests have been conducted to assess the performance of the aerator in a variety of water and wastewater treatment applications. These tests have demonstrated that the membrane can be used successfully over long periods of time without substantial loss of transfer capacity.
Effect of Ammonia Contained in Hydrogen Fuel on PEMFC Performance (2011)

Single-cell test and exhaust gas analysis were conducted to determine the effect of NH3 in hydrogen fuel on the performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. To prevent nitrogen from air mixing with the exhaust gas, 50 ppm NH3 in hydrogen was supplied to the anode, and a mixture of O2 (21%) and Ar (79%) instead of air was supplied to the cathode. The cell was operated under a current density of 1000 mA/cm2 at 80 °C. Ion chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and quadrupole mass spectroscopy were performed to analyze the exhaust gas from the anode and cathode. Analysis revealed that most of the NH3 supplied to the anode migrated to the cathode and was emitted as NH4+, N2, N2O, and NO. This result indicates that nitrogen-containing compounds that migrate from the anode to the cathode may affect the oxygen reduction reaction of the cathode.
Effect of exciton migration on the light emission properties in silicon nanocrystal ensembles (2009)

Different silicon nanocrystal (Si NC) systems in which Si NCs were either entirely isolated or loosely interconnected were studied by photoluminescence (PL) and time-resolved PL decay measurements in the range between 70 and 290 K, in order to investigate the role of exciton migration in the PL properties. We examined three kinds of samples: (a) two light emitting mesoporous Si (PSi) films with different porosities, grown on p-type Si, (b) a heavily oxidized light emitting anisotropic macroporous Si film, and (c) a film consisted of a Si NC superlattice with six Si NC/SiO2 bilayers, grown by low pressure chemical vapor deposition of amorphous Si (α-Si), followed by high temperature thermal oxidation. In the two mesoporous Si films of the first case, the Si NCs show a degree of interconnection that depends on the porosity, whereas in the two other cases the NCs were isolated by SiO2, the degree of electrical isolation depending on the thickness of the SiO2 interlayer between them. Temperature dependent PL spectra and PL decay times of the different systems correlate well with the ability of excitons to migrate from one NC to another (case of loosely correlated NCs) or remain strongly localized within the Si NCs (case of effectively isolated NCs).
Brainstem Arteriovenous Malformation with a Pedicle Aneurysm Treated by Endovascular Surgery and Proton-beam Radiosurgery —Case Report— (1996)

A 39-year-old male presented with a small pontine hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Angiography showed a small left pontine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) associated with a small aneurysm on the pedicle feeding the AVM. The pedicle aneurysm was occluded by microcoils. The AVM was then treated by proton-beam radiosurgery. Follow-up angiography 2 years later revealed that the AVM had disappeared completely without neurological deficit. The combination of embolization and proton-beam radiosurgery was curative in this patient with a pontine AVM associated with an aneurysm on the feeding artery, showing that these techniques can be used to treat inoperable vascular lesions safely.
Aligned T-gate, fabrication using X-ray lithography (1996)

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1997.
Invasive Species Response to Natural and Anthropogenic Disturbance (2021)

Abstract Much of the literature dealing with the biology and management of invasive species has focused on the damaging ecological and economic consequences of invasions (see Chaps. 2 , 3 , and 14 of this volume for review). In this chapter, we shift the focus to the causes of invasion, with the goal of proactively limiting or preventing invasions rather than reacting to them once they have occurred. Preventing the introduction of invasive species is one key element in this proactive approach (Chap. 6 , this volume). Here, we specifically focus on ecosystem attributes that affect whether or not an ecosystem is vulnerable to invasion, that is, the features that affect its invasibility (Lonsdale 1999), with particular emphasis on the role of natural and anthropogenic disturbance.
for Home Automation (2005)

The actual trends on telecommunications and electronics in general are the convergence to all-IP networks and protocols. Consequently, new devices are appearing requiring more and more addresses. This is the situation present around the automation and in general remote monitoring. Nowadays more homes and buildings are entering into the future thanks to the appearance of control technologies that allow that a group devices could work all together to provide the automation of the place. But each these devices needs an address to communicate with the others and to be able to be contactedfrom outside. The actual version of the Internet Protocol has an important limitation in terms of the number of addressesfor these new uses of the Network. offers the solution of this situation, because it increases them exponentially, and facilitates a lot new very interestingfeaturesfor these scenarios. In this environment come out the 6-Plug system that allows a secure access to your home and industrial automation devices. It is based on the UPnP (Universal Plug Play) technology to discover and control the devices distributed across the local network.
ANTIPYRETIC ACTIVITY OF BLUMEA LACERA LEAVES IN ALBINO RATS (2012)

The present study was carried out to determine the antipyretic activity of the methanolic extract of Blumea lacera leaves (BLE) on albino rats. Acute toxicity study of BLE was performed by limit test as per OECD guideline. Antipyretic activity was studied by inducing pyrexia with Brewer's yeast. Acute oral LD50 of BLE in female rats was more than 2000 mg/kg. Three ascending doses of 100 (1/20 LD50), 200 (1/10 LD50) and 400 mg/kg (1/5 LD50) were selected for studying the antipyretic activity of BLE in rats. BLE at dose rates of 200 and 400 mg/kg reduced brewer's yeast induced pyrexia in rats suggesting antipyretic effect of BLE.
Multiscale Tomographic Analysis for Micron-Sized Particulate Samples (2020)

The three-dimensional characterization of distributed particle properties in the micro- and nanometer range is essential to describe and understand highly specific separation processes in terms of selectivity and yield. Both performance measures play a decisive role in the development and improvement of modern functional materials. In this study, we mixed spherical glass particles (0.4–5.8 μm diameter) with glass fibers (diameter 10 μm, length 18–660 μm) to investigate a borderline case of maximum difference in the aspect ratio and a significant difference in the characteristic length to characterize the system over several size scales. We immobilized the particles within a wax matrix and created sample volumes suitable for computed tomographic (CT) measurements at two different magnification scales (X-ray micro- and nano-CT). Fiber diameter and length could be described well on the basis of the low-resolution micro-CT measurements on the entire sample volume. In contrast, the spherical particle system could only be described with sufficient accuracy by combining micro-CT with high-resolution nano-CT measurements on subvolumes of reduced sample size. We modeled the joint (bivariate) distribution of fiber length and diameter with a parametric copula as a basic example, which is equally suitable for more complex distributions of irregularly shaped particles. This enables us to capture the multidimensional correlation structure of particle systems with statistically representative quantities.
Site-Directed Mutagenesis of Thermus thermophilus Elongation Factor Tu. Replacement of His85, Asp81 and Arg300 (1995)

His85 in Thermus thermophilus elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) was replaced by glutamine, leucine and glycine residues, leading to [H85Q]EF-Tu, [H85L] EF-Tu and [H85G]EF-Tu, respectively. Asp81 was replaced by alanine leading to [D81A]EF-Tu, and replacement of Arg300 provided [R300I]EF-Tu. Glycine in position 85 of domain I induces a protease-sensitive site in domain II and causes complete protein degradation in vivo. A similar effect was observed when Asp81 was replaced by alanine or Arg300 by isoleucine. Degradation is probably due to disturbed interactions between the domains of EF-Tu.GTP, inducing a protease-sensitive cleavage site in domain II. [H85Q]EF-Tu, which can be effectively overproduced in Escherichia coli, is slower in poly(U)-dependent poly(Phe) synthesis, has lower affinity to aminoacyl-tRNA but shows only a slightly reduced rate of intrinsic GTP hydrolysis compared to the native protein. The GTPase of this protein variant is not efficiently stimulated by aminoacyl-tRNA and ribosomes. The slow GTPase of [H85Q]EF-Tu increases the fidelity of translation as measured by leucine incorporation into poly(Phe) in in vitro poly(U)-dependent ribosomal translation. Replacement of His85 in T. thermophilus EF-Tu by leucine completely deactivates the GTPase activity but does not substantially influence the aminoacyl-tRNA binding. [H85L]EF-Tu is inactive in poly(U)-dependent poly(Phe)-synthesis. The rate of nucleotide dissociation is highest for [H85L]EF-Tu, followed by [H85Q]EF-Tu and native T. thermophilus EF-Tu. Mutation of His85, a residue which is not directly involved in the nucleotide binding, thus influences the interaction of EF-Tu domains, nucleotide binding and the efficiency and rate of GTPase activity.
Assessment of Tumor Growth in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in von Hippel Lindau Syndrome (2013)

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors demonstrate a nonlinear growth pattern, which includes periods of no growth and apparent decrease in size by imaging. These growth patterns are variable and are not associated with tumor grade and malignancy. Tumor density, as measured in this cohort, may offer a specific diagnostic tool for malignant disease.
Phagocytic effects of β‐glucan from Coriolus versicoloar are related with Dectin‐1 signaling and NOS and Ikaros regulation in macrophages (2009)

The β‐glucan receptor dectin‐1 may contribute to phagocytosis. Coriolus versicolor has been known to have immunomodulatory effects. For further understanding of the phagocytic activity and mechanisms for β‐glucan from C. versicolor, we examined phagocytosis, NO and NOS production in β‐glucan‐treated macrophages by dectin‐1 antagonist, laminarin. It showed that the treatment of β‐glucan induced a remarkable increase of phagocytosis in RAW264.7 cells, peritoneal macrophages and microglia. However, the activity of β‐glucan‐induced phagocytosis was abrogated by the pre‐treatment of laminarin. We also examined whether NO production and NOS expression are involved in phagocytosis and β‐glucan induced dectin‐1 signal pathways. Our results showed that phagocytic activity was not increased in the presence of iNOS inhibitor, S‐methylisothiourea, cNOS inhibitor and diphenylene iodonium chloride in the β‐glucan‐treated cells. The role of Ikaros in regulating phagocytic effects of β‐glucan were also determined. Taken together, these results suggest that β‐glucan enhances phagocytosis via dectin‐1 signal pathways and these effects of β‐glucan might be related to NO, cNOS, iNOS and Ikaros regulation.
Surface evaluation of compact disks by electronic means (2003)

Compact disks (CDs) are widely used storage devices for audio- or computer data. Their relative immunity to damage or pollution of the surface is a major reason for their wide acceptance and commercial success. However, excessive defects on the surface can exceed the capabilities of the error correction circuits of the playback device. For audio CDs these defects may invoke error concealment algorithms in the signal processing circuits that may cause audible distortions of the playback signal. For data CDs, the damage can lead to completely destroyed data sets.
CtrA, a Global Response Regulator, Uses a Distinct Second Category of Weak DNA Binding Sites for Cell Cycle Transcription Control in Caulobacter crescentus (2009)

CtrA controls cell cycle programs of chromosome replication and genetic transcription. Phosphorylated CtrA approximately P exhibits high affinity (dissociation constant [K(d)], <10 nM) for consensus TTAA-N7-TTAA binding sites with "typical" (N = 7) spacing. We show here that ctrA promoters P1 and P2 use low-affinity (K(d), >500 nM) CtrA binding sites with "atypical" (N not equal 7) spacing. Footprints demonstrated that phosphorylated CtrA approximately P does not exhibit increased affinity for "atypical" sites, as it does for sites in the replication origin. Instead, high levels of CtrA (>10 microM) accumulate, which can drive CtrA binding to "atypical" sites. In vivo cross-linking showed that when the stable CtrADelta3 protein persists during the cell cycle, the "atypical" sites at ctrA and motB are persistently bound. Interestingly, the cell cycle timing of ctrA P1 and P2 transcription is not altered by persistent CtrADelta3 binding. Therefore, operator DNA occupancy is not sufficient for regulation, and it is the cell cycle variation of CtrA approximately P phosphorylation that provides the dominant "activation" signal. Protein dimerization is one potential means of "activation." The glutathione S-transferase (GST) protein dimerizes, and fusion with CtrA (GST-CtrA) creates a stable dimer with enhanced affinity for TTAA motifs. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays with GST-CtrA revealed cooperative modes of binding that further distinguish the "atypical" sites. GST-CtrA also binds a single TTAA motif in ctrA P1 aided by DNA in the extended TTAACCAT motif. We discuss how "atypical" sites are a common yet distinct category of CtrA regulatory sites and new implications for the working and evolution of cell cycle control networks.
Conduction by Small Polarons in Large Electric Fields (1971)

The bandwidth of small polarons at low temperatures is so narrow [\ensuremath{\sim} ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ (optical phonon energy)] that an electric field of the order of ${10}^{3}$V/cm produces a potential difference between neighboring atoms that is comparable with the bandwidth. It is shown that the electron states are then localized and that charge transport proceeds by hopping from site to site, the conductivity being much less than the low-field conductivity by nonlocal electrons. The field-induced transition from band to hopping modes of transport is marked by a region of constant current or negative resistance; at higher fields conduction remains Ohmic until fields of the order of ${10}^{6}$V/cm are reached.