gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microstructural characterisation of Al foam/steel interface formed during foaming process in argon flow (2011)

Bonding between a metal foam core and a metallic skin is a pre requisite for the technological application of aluminium foam as filling reinforcement material to improve energy absorption and vibration damping of hollow components. In many cases a metallurgical bond provides the best compromise between bond strength and cost effectiveness. Aim of this work was to characterise the composition and microstructure of the interface layer between a commercial PM precursor and a steel plate during foaming in argon flow. Inert atmosphere improves the formation of the intermetallic layer when molten aluminium come in contact with solid iron.&#13;\nPrecursors tablets of two different compositions (AlMg1Si0.6 and AlSi10) were foamed on low carbon steel substrates. The microstructure of the intermetallic layer were characterised by electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis and microhardness measurements on the cross section. X ray diffraction measurements performed on the foam/substrate surface after step wise removing of material allow the identification of the intermetallic phases.&#13;\nTwo intermetallic layers, identified as Fe2Al5 and FeAl3, characterise the low Si foam/substrate while the AlSi10&#13;\nfoam/substrate interface evidences the presence of three Fe(Si, Al) intermetallic layer with different composition. Two and three different phases of increasing hardness could be distinguished going from the foam to the steel substrate for AlMg1Si0.6 and AlSi10 precursors respectively.&#13;\nThe results suggest the importance of elemental diffusion from the steel substrate in the molten aluminium matrix (foam). The possibility to control and tailoring the microstructural properties of the interface between foam and mould is of fundamental importance in the technological process of foam filled structures manufacturing.
Application of Narrowband Power-Line Communication in Medium-Voltage Smart Distribution Grids (2013)

Narrowband power-line communication (PLC) over distribution networks is gaining the attention of researchers, as a communication medium in future power grids. This paper investigates the application of narrowband PLC in smart distribution grids, starting from a historical overview on the accomplished technological progress and continuing with a comparison of the advantages and drawbacks of PLC technology to other smart-grid communication solutions. The analysis shows that narrowband PLC applications are best suitable for medium-voltage (MV) networks, due to the vast and complex geographical extent. The channel and topological characteristics of MV distribution networks are examined for different operational states and configurations, since they are important for the optimal design and implementation of the PLC infrastructure. The analysis is also extended to an existing overhead MV distribution network with distributed-generation units. The obtained results and the proposed methodology are useful and comprehensive tools for the efficient implementation of PLC technology in future smart grids.
Highly Frequent MAPT p.R406W Carriers with a Nonconforming FTD Phenotype in the Belgian Flemish Population (1127) (2020)

We aimed at analyzing the phenotypical and genetic characteristics of patients carrying the p.R406W in the tau gene MAPT. Carriers present clinically with a nonconforming phenotype, with an underlying frontotemporal lobe degeneration (FTLD) pathology.
Bioactive Metabolites Produced by Penicillium sp.1 and sp.2, Two Endophytes Associated with Alibertia macrophylla (Rubiaceae) (2009)

In the course of our continuous search for bioactive metabolites from endophytic fungi living in plants from the Brazilian flora, leaves of Alibertia macrophylla (Rubiaceae) were submitted to isolation of endophytes, and two species of Penicillium were isolated. The acetonitrile fraction obtained in corn from a culture of Penicillium sp. 1 afforded orcinol (1). On the other hand, Penicillium sp. 1 cultivated in potato-dextrose-broth furnished two different compounds, cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Val) (2) and uracil (3). The chromatographic fractionation of the acetonitrile fraction obtained from Penicillium sp. 2 led to three dihydroisocoumarins, 4-hydroxymellein (4), 8-methoxymellein (5) and 5-hydroxymellein (6). Compounds 5 and 6 were obtained from the Penicillium genus for the first time. Additionally, metabolites 1-6 were evaluated for their antifungal and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities. The most active compounds 1 and 4 exhibited detection limits of 5.00 and 10.0 microg against Cladosporium cladosporioides and C. sphaerospermum, respectively. Compound 2 showed a detection limit of 10.0 microg, displaying potent AChE inhibitory activity.
An immunosorbent assay based on the recombinant ApxIa, ApxIIa, and ApxIIIa toxins ofActinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeand its application to field sera (2011)

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is the etiologic agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, a highly contagious pulmonary disease in pigs with major economic losses for pig producers worldwide. Whereas A. pleuropneumoniae isolates are divided into 15 serotypes, the isolates secrete 4 types of exotoxins (ApxI, ApxII, ApxIII, and ApxIV), which are known as major virulence factors. In the current study, the ApxIA, ApxIIA, and ApxIIIA genes were amplified and their recombinant proteins expressed in Escherichia coli M15 cells. The antigenicity of each recombinant protein was demonstrated by Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using sera from pigs vaccinated with a subunit vaccine. When ELISAs using the recombinant antigens were optimized and then applied to sera from 320 randomized pigs in Korea, an observed increase in seroprevalence was found among sows in comparison with weaned piglets and growing pigs, indicating an age-dependent seroprevalence. The results obtained in the study suggest that the developed ELISAs may be useful for A. pleuropneumoniae vaccination strategy as a screening tool for pig herds as well as for detection of specific antibodies to Apx exotoxins.
Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 3 Potentiates Inflammatory Programs in Normal and Leukemia Stem Cells to Promote Differentiation (2020)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a caricature of normal hematopoiesis, driven from leukemia stem cells (LSC) that share some hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) programs including responsiveness to inflammatory signaling. Although inflammation dysregulates mature myeloid cells and influences stemness programs and lineage determination in HSC by activating stress myelopoiesis, such roles in LSC are poorly understood. Here, we show that S1PR3, a receptor for the bioactive lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate, is a central regulator which drives myeloid differentiation and activates inflammatory programs in both HSC and LSC. S1PR3-mediated inflammatory signatures varied in a continuum from primitive to mature myeloid states across AML patient cohorts, each with distinct phenotypic and clinical properties. S1PR3 was high in LSC and blasts of mature myeloid samples with linkages to chemosensitivity, while S1PR3 activation in primitive samples promoted LSC differentiation leading to eradication. Our studies open new avenues for therapeutic target identification specific for each AML subset.
Primary CNS Nonamyloidogenic Light Chain Deposition Disease: Case Report and Brief Review (2017)

The true incidence of light chain deposition disease (LCDD) restricted to the central nervous system (CNS) is unknown. To our knowledge only 7 cases of LCDD restricted to the brain have been previously reported. We herein describe an unusual example. A 44-year-old man presented with a history of ischemic retinopathy in 2004 and left lower extremity hypoesthesia in 2007 that progressed gradually to left-sided weakness and numbness in the 2 years prior to his hospitalization in 2015. A stereotactic brain biopsy was performed, displaying nonspecific hyaline deposits of amorphous "amyloid-like" material involving deep brain white matter and vessels. These were Congo red negative and were accompanied by a sparse lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. Plasma cells demonstrated kappa light chain class restriction by chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH). There was patchy reactivity with kappa immunohistochemistry in the amorphous deposits. A diagnosis of light chain deposition disease was made. Subsequent systemic myeloma and lymphoma workups were negative. Previously reported cases have included men and women, spanning the ages of 19 and 72 years, often presenting with hemiparesis, hypoesthesia, or seizures. Deposits have been reported in the cerebrum and cerebellum. T2/FLAIR (fluid attenuation inversion recovery) changes are usual, but lesions may or may not produce contrast enhancement. The light chain deposition may be of kappa or lambda class. Most lesions have been accompanied by local lymphoid and/or plasma cell infiltrates exhibiting light chain restriction of the same class as the deposits. In summary, LCDD limited to the CNS is a rare lesion consisting of deposition of amyloid-like, but Congo red-negative monotypic light chain usually produced by local lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates.
Redox Intermediates of the Mn-Fe Site in Subunit R2 of Chlamydia trachomatis Ribonucleotide Reductase (2008)

The R2 protein of class I ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) from Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) can contain a Mn-Fe instead of the standard Fe-Fe cofactor. Ct R2 has a redox-inert phenylalanine replacing the radical-forming tyrosine of classic RNRs, which implies a different mechanism of O(2) activation. We studied the Mn-Fe site by x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and EPR. Reduced R2 in the R1R2 complex (R2(red)) showed an isotropic six-line EPR signal at g approximately 2 of the Mn(II)Fe(II) state. In oxidized R2 (R2(ox)), the Mn(III)Fe(III) state exhibited EPR g values of 2.013, 2.009, and 2.015. By XAS, Mn-Fe distances and oxidation states of intermediates were determined and assigned as follows: approximately 4.15 A, Mn(II)Fe(II); approximately 3.25 A, Mn(III)Fe(II); approximately 2.90 A, Mn(III)Fe(III); and approximately 2.75 A, Mn(IV)Fe(III). Shortening of the Mn/Fe-ligand bond lengths indicated formation of additional metal bridges, i.e. microO(H) and/or peroxidic species, upon O(2) activation at the site. The structural parameters suggest overall configurations of the Mn-Fe site similar to those of homo-metallic sites in other R2 proteins. However, the approximately 2.90 A and approximately 2.75 A Mn-Fe distances, typical for di-microO(H) metal bridging, are shorter than inter-metal distances in any R2 crystal structure. In diffraction data collection, such bridges may be lost due to rapid x-ray photoreduction of high-valent metal ions, as demonstrated here for Fe(III) by XAS.
Development and Study of Tantalum and Niobium Carbides as Electrocatalyst Supports for the Oxygen Electrode for PEM Water Electrolysis at Elevated Temperatures (2013)

Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolysis is a prospective method of producing hydrogen. We focused on one of its issues - the lack of a suitable support material for the anode electrocatalyst. TaC and NbC were studied as possible electrocatalyst supports for the PEM water electrolysis. Resistance to oxidation of the TaC and NbC was investigated by exposing them to air at 84 and 150 ºC. Subsequently, their electrical conductivity was measured as the indicator of oxidation. Change in specific surface area and conductivity was measured after different periods of ball milling. We found that the TaC was significantly more resistant to oxidation than the NbC. Eventually, both materials retained relatively high electrical conductivity even with the oxidized surface. TaC can thus be recommended as an electrocatalyst support for the oxygen evolution reaction and both materials are proposed to be tested as alternative electrocatalyst supports for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
The Machining of TiA1-Based Intermetallics (1993)

The sustained high temperature strength of the TiA1-based intermetallics causes severe wear problems with most cutting tool materials due to the heat generated in cutting. The most suitable tool material for turning Ti-48A1-2Nb-2Mn intermetallic was found to be fine grain (0.8 to 1.0 µm) cemented carbide containing 94% WC and 6% Co. The effect of changing cutting parameters and tool geometry on tool life was investigated. Tool life was much more sensitive to feed rate and cutting speed than in the machining of conventional titanium alloys and maximum metal removal rates were much lower. It was found that the tool life could be improved by using negative rake tools, but this was at the expense of surface finish. Tool failure was generally caused by flaking away of the tool edge and a strongly bonded layer, which was confirmed to be workpiece material, was observed on worn areas of the tool. Ti-48A1-2Nb-2Mn is extremely brittle and produces a powdery chip during single point cutting.
Lebenszykluskostenreduzierung durch zustandsorientierte Instandhaltung (2009)

Kurzfassung Im Rahmen des vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) geförderten Projekts „Maschinenzustandsbasierte Verfügbarkeitsdienstleistungen für hochproduktive Fertigungsanlagen – Make-it“ werden innovative Verfahren zur Verfügbarkeitsoptimierung sowie zur Prognose und Kontrolle der Lebenszykluskosten von Werkzeugmaschinen entwickelt. Die Grundlage hierfür bilden Methoden zur komponentenspezifischen Zustandsüberwachung und Restlebensdauerprognose sowie eine darauf aufbauende zustands- und kostenorientierte Instandhaltungsplanung.
A Pyridine Dearomatization Approach to the Matrine-Type Lupin Alkaloids (2022)

(+)-Matrine and (+)-isomatrine are tetracyclic alkaloids isolated from the plant <i>Sophora flavescens</i>, the roots of which are used in traditional Chinese medicine. Biosynthetically, these alkaloids are proposed to derive from three molecules of (-)-lysine via the intermediacy of the unstable cyclic imine Δ<sup>1</sup>-piperidine. Inspired by the biosynthesis, a new dearomative annulation reaction has been developed that leverages pyridine as a stable surrogate for Δ<sup>1</sup>-piperidine. In this key transformation, two molecules of pyridine are joined with a molecule of glutaryl chloride to give the complete tetracyclic framework of the matrine alkaloids in a single step. Using this dearomative annulation, isomatrine is synthesized in four steps from inexpensive commercially available chemicals. Isomatrine then serves as the precursor to additional lupin alkaloids, including matrine, allomatrine, isosophoridine, and sophoridine.
A NEW APPROACH TO A DISACCHARIDIC HAPTEN CONTAINING A GALACTOFURANOSYL ENTITY (2001)

A short synthetic entry into the disaccharidic hapten β-D-Galf-(1→3)-α-D-Manp-O(CH2)8CO2Me containing a galactofuranosyl entity at the non-reducing part is described. The synthetic scheme was designed in such a way that each required building block could be obtained by minimizing the number of chemical and purification steps. Indeed, compound 8 was obtained according to a four step–one pot preparation.
Synthesis and characterization of substituted diaza(2,5)pyridinophanes as precursors for vitamin B6 analogs (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and characterization of substituted diaza(2,5)pyridinophanes as precursors for vitamin B6 analogsMasaaki Iwata and Hiroyoshi KuzuharaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 8, 1282–1286Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00156a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00156a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views63Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Human Spinal Oligodendrogenic Neural Progenitor Cells Promote Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury by Axonal Remyelination and Tissue Sparing (2018)

Cell transplantation therapy utilizing neural precursor cells (NPCs) is a conceptually attractive strategy for traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) to replace lost cells, remyelinate denuded host axons and promote tissue sparing. However, the number of mature oligodendrocytes that differentiate from typical NPCs remains limited. Herein, we describe a novel approach to bias the differentiation of directly reprogrammed human NPCs (drNPCs) toward a more oligodendrogenic fate (oNPCs) while preserving their tripotency. The oNPCs derived from different lines of human NPCs showed similar characteristics in vitro. To assess the in vivo efficacy of this approach, we used oNPCs derived from drNPCs and transplanted them into a SCI model in immunodeficient Rowett Nude (RNU) rats. The transplanted cells showed significant migration along the rostrocaudal axis and proportionally greater differentiation into oligodendrocytes. These cells promoted perilesional tissue sparing and axonal remyelination, which resulted in recovery of motor function. Moreover, after transplantation of the oNPCs into intact spinal cords of immunodeficient NOD/SCID mice, we detected no evidence of tumor formation even after 5 months of observation. Thus, biasing drNPC differentiation along an oligodendroglial lineage represents a promising approach to promote tissue sparing, axonal remyelination, and neural repair after traumatic SCI. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2018;7:806-818.
Looking into Mirrors (1992)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text FRED GOLDBERG, "Looking into Mirrors," Optics & Photonics News 3(8), 48-49 (1992) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Veering to a Continuous Platform of Fused Deposition Modeling Based 3D Printing for Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Understanding the Effect of Layer Orientation on Formulation Performance (2023)

Three-dimensional (3D) printing of pharmaceuticals has been centered around the idea of personalized patient-based 'on-demand' medication. Fused deposition modeling (FDM)-based 3D printing processes provide the capability to create complex geometrical dosage forms. However, the current FDM-based processes are associated with printing lag time and manual interventions. The current study tried to resolve this issue by utilizing the dynamic <i>z</i>-axis to continuously print drug-loaded printlets. Fenofibrate (FNB) was formulated with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC AS LG) into an amorphous solid dispersion using the hot-melt extrusion (HME) process. Thermal and solid-state analyses were used to confirm the amorphous state of the drug in both polymeric filaments and printlets. Printlets with a 25, 50, and 75% infill density were printed using the two printing systems, i.e., continuous, and conventional batch FDM printing methods. Differences between the two methods were observed in the breaking force required to break the printlets, and these differences reduced as the infill density went up. The effect on in vitro release was significant at lower infill densities but reduced at higher infill densities. The results obtained from this study can be used to understand the formulation and process control strategies when switching from conventional FDM to the continuous printing of 3D-printed dosage forms.
Correlation-based genetic algorithm for real-parameter optimization (2016)

We propose a genetic algorithm (GA) by taking into account the correlation between the current best candidate with the other candidates in the population. In this paper we propose a new selection operator and in addition we have designed a prediction operator which works on an archive of selected candidates. We test our proposed algorithm on the problem definitions for the CEC 2014 special session and competition on single objective real-parameter numerical optimization.
New portable biosensor technology for area reduction (1999)

This paper describes the expected performance of a new portable vapor detection system under development by Biosensor Applications Sweden AB. The system is designed for area reduction n humanitarian mine clearance operations. It consists of a collection system and a biosensor with a sensitivity capable of detecting picogram levels of TNT molecules. Biosensor has over the past four years developed the base technology for detection of TNT for a land mine application. A prototype for TNT detection will be tested in minefields during 1999. Our technology, sometimes called 'the artificial dog nose', has by many experts been described as revolutionary.
Human Factors and Appearance Design Considerations of the Mod II PICTUREPHONE® Station Set (1969)

This paper treats the human factor considerations involved in the Mod II PICTUREPHONE <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> set development to maximize customer safety and usage efficiency, to provide a functional circuit environment, and to produce a pleasing appearance design. The set was designed to accommodate 99 percent of the American adult population in environments having illuminations varying from 3 to 660 fL. Particular attention was given to the optical problems of juxtaposing video receiving and transmitting facilities. The design incorporates a number of new features including electronic zoom capability for changing the field of view, electronic height control, graphics mode capability, and a silicon target camera tube which is considerably more resistant to damage than previous tubes.
Damage inspection of fiber reinforced polymer-concrete systems using a distant acoustic-laser NDE technique (2010)

In this paper, a distant acoustic-laser NDE technique is proposed, utilizing a high powered standoff parametric acoustic array (PAA) and laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV), for the detection of debonding and delamination in multi-layer composite systems. Fiber-reinforced polymer wrapped concrete cylinder specimens with artificial defect were manufactured and used in the validation of the technique. Low-frequency (50 Hz 2 kHz) and highfrequency (2 kHz 7 kHz) focused sound waves were generated by PAA, and surface dynamic signatures of the specimens were remotely measured by LDV. From the results it is found that the proposed technique successfully captures the presence of near-surface debonding/delamination.