gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
BMP Signaling Regulates the Tempo of Adult Hippocampal Progenitor Maturation at Multiple Stages of the Lineage (2014)

Novel environmental stimuli, such as running and learning, increase proliferation of adult hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs) and enlarge the population of new neurons. However, it remains unclear how increased numbers of new neurons can be generated in a time frame far shorter than the time required for proliferating stem cells to generate these neurons. Here, we show that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in the subgranular zone regulates the tempo of neural progenitor cell (NPC) maturation by directing their transition between states of quiescence and activation at multiple stages along the lineage. Virally mediated overexpression of BMP4 caused NPC cell cycle exit and slowed the normal maturation of NPCs, resulting in a long-term reduction in neurogenesis. Conversely, overexpression of the BMP inhibitor noggin promoted NPC cell cycle entry and accelerated NPC maturation. Similarly, BMP receptor type 2 (BMPRII) ablation in Ascl1(+) intermediate NPCs accelerated their maturation into neurons. Importantly, ablation of BMPRII in GFAP(+) stem cells accelerated maturation without depleting the NSC pool, indicating that an increased rate of neurogenesis does not necessarily diminish the stem cell population. Thus, inhibition of BMP signaling is a mechanism for rapidly expanding the pool of new neurons in the adult hippocampus by tipping the balance between quiescence/activation of NPCs and accelerating the rate at which they mature into neurons.
Optimal Interpolation Laws For Stable Ar(1) Processes (2013)

Publication in the conference proceedings of SampTA, Bremen, Germany, 2013
Endocytosis is essential for dynamic translocation of a syntaxin 1 orthologue during fission yeast meiosis (2011)

Syntaxin is a component of the target soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor complex, which is responsible for fusion of membrane vesicles at the target membrane. The fission yeast syntaxin 1 orthologue Psy1 is essential for both vegetative growth and spore formation. During meiosis, Psy1 disappears from the plasma membrane (PM) and dramatically relocalizes on the nascent forespore membrane, which becomes the PM of the spore. Here we report the molecular details and biological significance of Psy1 relocalization. We find that, immediately after meiosis I, Psy1 is selectively internalized by endocytosis. In addition, a meiosis-specific signal induced by the transcription factor Mei4 seems to trigger this internalization. The internalization of many PM proteins is facilitated coincident with the initiation of meiosis, whereas Pma1, a P-type ATPase, persists on the PM even during the progression of meiosis II. Ergosterol on the PM is also important for the internalization of PM proteins in general during meiosis. We consider that during meiosis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells, the characteristics of endocytosis change, thereby facilitating internalization of Psy1 and accomplishing sporulation.
Entanglement Coupling in Linear Polymers Demonstrated by Networks Crosslinked in States of Strain (1972)

Linear 1,2-polybutadiene is crosslinked at 0 degrees by gamma-irradiation while strained in simple extension, with extension ratios from 1.3 to 2.0. During irradiation times up to several hours, entanglement slippage is slight, since the temperature is only slightly above the glass transition. Subsequently, samples are released and reach their equilibrium states of ease at room temperature. From the extension ratio at state of ease, the ratio of nu(x) (effective network strands terminated by crosslinks introduced) to nu(N) (effective network strands terminated by entanglements) is calculated by composite network theories of Flory and others; and from the extension ratios together with the modulus, measured at small extensions, nu(N) is calculated explicitly. It appears that nu(x) increases approximately proportional to irradiation time; nu(N) is approximately independent of irradiation, and it corresponds to a molecular weight between effective entanglement loci of about 13,000. This figure, however, which is larger than that deduced from rheological properties of the uncrosslinked polymer, is subject to future downward correction for partial entrapment of the entanglements and other refinements.
Pattern noise in electron beam resists: PMMA, KRS-XE, TOK, HSQ (2006)

The variation in the printing of nominally identical contacts with electron-beam exposure is used to quantitatively determine the statistical variation in chemically amplified resists (KRS-XE with and without top coat, TOK) and non-chemically-amplified resists (PMMA and HSQ). Uniform 17×23 arrays of 24 and 32nm contacts were exposed at fixed doses with a 100keV electron beam. By looking at data observed from top view scanning electron microscopy images, a normal distribution was fitted to the fraction of contacts that printed versus dose to determine the standard deviation of the distribution relative to the dose at which 50% of the contacts printed. The top coat on KRS-XE increased contact uniformity and reduced the required dose. Quantitative analysis shows that PMMA contained as much noise as the chemically amplified resist systems, KRS-XE and TOK. Except HSQ, this normalized standard deviation ranged from 0.16 to 0.21 which is indicative that the contact hole printing process may be dominated by less than 40 events. HSQ exhibited lower standard deviation values, corresponding to over 1000 effective events.
Rectal delivery of antiinflammatory drugs. II. The influence of basic amino acid salts on rectal absorption of diclofenac. (1981)

Rectal absorption of diclofenac (DC) and its salts with sodium (DCNa), L-arginine (DC-Arg), L-lysine (DC-Lys), and L-histidine (DC-His) was studied in dogs, rabbits and rats. Plasma levels of unchanged DC were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Both the bioavailability and the plasma peak level of DC-Lys were the largest among the salts studied. The bioavailability of DCNa on oral administration in terms of plasma levels of DC was observed to be much larger than after rectal administration of DC but it was of the same order as those of rectal administration of DCNa, DC-Arg, and DC-His. The extents of bioavailabilty in rabbits and in rats were similar, but considerably better than that in dogs. The irritative effects of DC salts on the rectal mucosa in rats were studied by gross and light microscopic examinations following the administration of suspensions in 1% methyl cellulose solution. DC-Arg showed the weakest irritation of the rectal mucosa, and the irritation caused by 20% suspension was equivalent to that of 5% suspension of DCNa. The protective effects of counter ions against the histological damage caused by DC to the rectal mucosa increased in the order or sodium&ge;lysine&ge;arginine. From these results, it appears that the basic amino acid salts of DC may be useful as rectal delivery preparations for clinical use.
Transplante cardíaco em criança com miocárdio não compactado (2010)

Article received on May 10th, 2010 Article accepted on June 1st, 2010 CLINICAL DATA 1 year and 7 months old male child, 11 kg, from Olimpia (SP). Referred to the Department of Pediatric Cardiology in Sao Jose do Rio Preto for investigation of heart disease. Clinical history of fatigue since the three months, with tachypnea under efforts, bronchospasm and difficulty in gaining weight. With 1 year of age he was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of Pediatric Cardiology (UTICP) for presentation of bronchospasm and severe tachypnea, showing signs of decompensated congestive heart failure (dCHF). On physical examination, the patient was in regular general state, ruddy, hydrated, dyspneic and afebrile. The heartbeat was regular with two clicks, without murmur. Lung auscultation revealed bilateral vesicular murmur, with breath sounds in the bases. In the abdomen, hepatomegaly called our attention. Blood pressures and pulse were normal in four limbs without edema. After further examination, it became clear the diagnosis of non-compacted myocardium and thrombi in the left ventricle (LV), and we initiated measures for the treatment of dCHF and vigorous anticoagulation. During this hospitalization, the child presented an episode of cardiac arrest, but without sequelae. All medications for the treatment of dCHF were optimized but the child still presented constant admissions due to severe myocardial dysfunction. After four months in UTICP under intravenous vasoactive drugs and numerous additional tests, it was possible to perform cavitary transplant.
Farm-level data integration: future problems and consequences for public and private structures (2011)

One of the outcomes of the EC-FP7 project “Future Farm” was showing the need of INTEGRATION, something that PROGIS has been doing for 15 years. Within the whole sector agriculture–forestry-environment-risk management there is an enormous need for integration that is not available yet, because of on side the existing admin-sector-structures plus on the other side diverse public and/or private interests with opposite directions and in many cases the not streamlined interest of ALL involved parties. On the other hand we have the nature that is fully integrated and should be managed by us! Nothing happens without being related to something else within the nature. We have to be more aware of this and have also to understand that ICT will be the driver of integration as data and based on it these information is necessary and urgently needed for public and for private structures. We can do it separately, doing things in parallel and multiple times with multiple costs and reduced results. The other option is to cooperate on an integrative model!
The oxygen reduction reaction catalyzed by Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 flavodiiron proteins (2019)

Photosynthetic flavodiiron proteins catalyze oxygen reduction at non-heme iron sites (brown spheres) using flavin (FMN) mediated electron transfer (black arrows).
Iontophoretic Transport of High and Low Molecular Weight Plasmids through Durapore as a Model Membrane (2013)

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of plasmid molecular weight, plasmid aggregate size, plasmid concentration and DC current application on the transport of plasmids across Durapore, as a model membrane. Methods: Two plasmids (pUC19 and pCMVβ) with different molecular weights were amplified in Escherichia coli and purified on ion exchange columns (Qiagen). Plasmid integrity was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The concentrations of DNA were determined by the absorbance at 260 nm. Passive and Iontophoretic (cathodal) permeation experiments were performed through the sclera and the amount of plasmid was assessed using Quant-iT™ PicoGreen probe with fluorimeter. The aggregate size of plasmids in HEPES buffer (pH=7.4) were determined using particle size apparatus. Results: The passive study results revealed no trans-membrane flux of plasmids. Application of cathodal Iontophoresis at current intensities of 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mA.cm-2 resulted in a higher transport of pUC19 across the membrane in comparison with pCMVβ. The permeation increased as the current or plasmid concentration increased. Electrophoresis studies revealed that use of platinum electrodes can degrade the plasmids. The aggregate size of pUC19 and pCMVβ were 62 ± 4 and 76 ± 7 nm respectively. Conclusion: Use of platinum electrodes in gene delivery can damage the DNA molecules. Application of Iontophoresis technique could be helpful in gene delivery especially for low molecular weight plasmids. Plasmid aggregates size is a characteristic property of plasmids in gene delivery across membranes.
Susceptibility to alcohol-related liver injury. (1994)

Alcohol affects the liver through metabolic disturbances associated with its oxidation. Redox changes produced by the hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase pathway affect lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism. Ethanol is also oxidized in liver microsomes by the ethanol-inducible cytochrome P4502E1, resulting in ethanol tolerance and selective hepatic perivenular damage. Furthermore, P4502E1 activates various xenobiotics, explaining the increased susceptibility of the heavy drinker to the toxicity of anesthetics, commonly used medications (i.e. isoniazid), analgesics (i.e. acetaminophen), and chemical carcinogens. Induction of microsomal enzymes also contributes to vitamin A depletion, enhances its hepatotoxicity and results in increased acetaldehyde generation from ethanol, with formation of protein adducts, glutathione depletion, free-radical-mediated toxicity, and lipid peroxidation. Chronic ethanol consumption strikingly enhances the number of hepatic collagen-producing activated lipocytes. Both in vivo (in our baboon model of alcoholic cirrhosis) and in vitro (in cultured myofibroblasts and activated lipocytes) ethanol and/or its metabolite acetaldehyde increase collagen accumulation and mRNA for collagen. Gender differences are related, in part, to lower gastric ADH activity (with consequent reduction of first pass ethanol metabolism) in young women, decreased hepatic fatty acid binding protein and increased free-fatty acid levels as well as lesser omega-hydroxylation, all of which result in increased vulnerability to ethanol. Elucidation of the biochemical effects of ethanol are now resulting in improved therapy: in baboons, S-adenosyl-L-methionine attenuates the ethanol-induced glutathione depletion and associated mitochondrial lesions, and polyenylphosphatidylcholine opposes the ethanol-induced hepatic phospholipid depletion, the decrease in phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase activity and the activation of hepatic lipocytes, with full prevention of ethanol-induced septal fibrosis and cirrhosis; its dilinoleoyl species also increases collagenase activity in lipocytes. The efficacy of this compound in man is now being studied in randomized multicenter clinical trials.
Catalytic Asymmetric Syntheses of Antifungal Sphingofungins and Their Biological Activity as Potent Inhibitors of Serine Palmitoyltransferase (SPT) (1998)

Unambiguous synthetic routes to sphingofungins B and F and to their stereoisomers have been developed based on the tin(II)-catalyzed asymmetric aldol reaction (Chiral Lewis Acid-Controlled Synthesis (CLAC Synthesis)). Efficient enantioselective synthesis using a catalytic amount of a chiral source as well as the effectiveness of this strategy for the synthesis of the sphingofungin family have been successfully demonstrated. Using the stereoisomers of sphingofungin B synthesized, the relevance of its stereochemistry to its SPT inhibitory activity has been revealed.
Plasma DNA-Based Molecular Diagnosis, Prognostication, and Monitoring of Patients With EWSR1 Fusion-Positive Sarcomas (2017)

These results provide a compelling rationale for an integrated approach utilizing both NGS and ddPCR for plasma cfDNA-based biomarker evaluations in prospective cooperative group studies.
Estrogen Receptor Dinucleotide Polymorphism in Patients with Endometriosis (2004)

목적 : 한국 여성에서 에스트로겐 수용체 유전자의 dinucleotide repeat 다형성과 자궁내막증의 연관성에 대하여 조사하고자 하였다.
연구 방법 : 수술 소견 또는 조직검사상 자궁내막증으로 진단된 156명의 여성을 환자군으로 하였으며, 복강경 검사 또는 개복술을 시행하였으나 자궁내막증의 증거를 발견할 수 없었던 137명을 대조군으로 하였다. 이들에서 에스트로겐 수용체 유전자의 dinucleotide repeat 다형성 양상을 fluorescent PCR 및 gene scan analysis를 이용하여 조사하였다.
결과 : 대상인에서 총 16개의 에스트로겐 수용체 유전자의 dinucleotide repeat 다형성 대립유전자가 발견되었다 (12-27 repeats, 26 repeats는 없음). 자궁내막증 환자에서 대립유전자들 (allele)의 분포는 대조군와 유의한 차이가 없었다. 그러나 자궁내막증 환자들을 stage -I-II와 stage III-IV로 구분하여 분석하였을 때, 자궁내막증 stage I-II군 (51명)에서 낮은 반복횟수 (12-15 repeats)의 대립유전자들의 빈도는 대조군보다 유의하게 높았다 (67.6％ vs 52.9％, p=0.010 odds ratio=1.860). 반면 자궁내막증 stage III-IV군 (105명)에서 낮은 반복횟수 (12-15 repeats)의 대립유전자들의 빈도는 대조군와 차이가 없었다 (55.70％ vs 52.9％).
결론 : 한국 여성에서 에스트로겐 수용체 유전자의 dinucleotide repeat 다형성은 경증의 자궁내막증 발생과 연관이 있었다.
A highly birefringent fibre polarization modulation scheme for ellipsometry: system analysis and performance (1994)

An investigation of the polarization modulation performance of a highly birefringent fibre was carried out. The performance of the system and aspects such as the modulation method and the properties of the highly birefringent fibre were analysed in order to enhance performance. An important application of such a polarization modulation technique is in a novel ellipsometer, and the use of the fibre-based system to make ellipsometric measurements to determine the refractive index of a bulk sample is described.
Is solar air conditioning feasible? (1999)

This paper examines the feasibility of desiccant cooling in UK climates, using gas-solar hybrid technology for regeneration. Desiccant cooling is a heat driven system. It has potential to reduce energy costs and environmental pollution, when compared with conventional vapour compression systems. The regeneration of the desiccant can be provided by any low temperature warm air or water source including waste heat, CHP, gas or solar. Heat recovery is also available. Gaia Research worked with Napier University to develop computer codes for the simulation of solar energy collection and hot water delivery to drive the desiccant cooling system, based on real meteorological data. A solar desiccant computer model was developed with the University of Leeds which analysed the energy consumption and costs associated with desiccant cooling using meteorological data for an inner London site in 1994. The study demonstrates that coupling the desiccant system to solar collectors produces significant savings in both running cost and CO2 emissions. The existing models of solar contribution and desiccant cooling will be refined. This will enable an assessment to be made of the UK opportunities for energy conservation and CO2 emission reduction in relation to latitude, internal design conditions, and real loads. Cet article traite des possibilités de réalisation de systèmes de refroidissement par déshydratation dans les conditions climatiques propres au Royaume-Uni, en faisant appel à la technologie hybride gaz-énergie solaire pour la régéneration. Comparés aux solutions classiques de compression de vapeur, de tels systèmes de refroidissement, basés sur la puissance thermique, permettent de réduire les coÛts énergétiques et de diminuer la pollution environnementale. La régénération du déshydratant peut être assurée par toute source d'eau ou d'air chauffée faiblement: chaleur perdue, CHP, gaz ou énergie solaire. Le Groupe Gaia Research et l'Université Napier ont travaillé ensemble au calcul de codes informatiques pour simuler le captage de l'energie solaire ou la fourniture d'eau chaude pour alimenter le système de refroidissement par déshydratation en fonction de données météorologique brutes. Avec l'Université de Leeds, ils ont mis au point un modèle de déshydratant solaire qui analyse la consommation énergétique et les coÛts du refroidissement par deshydratation; ce modele utilise des donnees meteorologiques recueillies a Londres en 1994. Cette etude demontre que l'association d'un systeme deshydratant a des capteurs solaires degage des economies non negligeables au niveau des couts d'exploitation et reduit sensiblement les emissions de CO2. Les modèles existants, basés sur la contribution de l'energie solaire et du refroidissement par déshydratation, seront améliores et serviront à évaluer les possibilités pour le Royaume-Uni de faire des économies d'énergie et de réduire les émissions de CO2 en fonction de la latitude, des paramètres de conception et des charges réelles.
Novel initiation genes in squamous cell carcinomagenesis: A role for substrate‐specific ubiquitylation in the control of cell survival (2007)

The study of experimental epidermal carcinogenesis offers several advantages over other epithelial carcinogenesis models, including easy accessibility and a database of research findings spanning over a century. Our studies make use of a clonal in vitro/in vivo keratinocyte carcinogenesis model with low frequency of ras mutation and derivative clonal-initiated lineages with distinct tumor fate. Analysis of this model has yielded candidate genes involved in the stages of initiation and tumorigenic progression, and has revealed novel roles for ubiquitylation in transcriptional control of survival and apoptotic pathways during the early stages of carcinogenesis. The expression of a recently described E3-ubiquitin ligase, Trim32, is elevated during initiation, and ectopic expression of Trim32 confers extended survival in response to terminal differentiation and ultraviolet light (UV) B/TNF-alpha death signals. Trim32 binds and ubiquitylates Piasy, controlling its stability and accumulation. Piasy is a SUMOylation factor involved in the control of apoptosis, senescence, and NF-kappaB activation. NF-kappaB is a survival factor for keratinocytes in response to UV irradiation, the main carcinogenic stimulus for the epidermis. Piasy inhibits NF-kappaB activity, and promotes keratinocyte apoptosis in response to UV and TNF-alpha. In human skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) samples, we found an inverse correlation between Trim32 and Piasy expression supporting a role for Trim32-Piasy interaction in human epidermal carcinogenesis. Our hypothesis is that increased expression of Trim32 may enhance epidermal carcinogenesis, by increasing the threshold of NF-kappaB activity through Piasy downmodulation.
Kallistatin Inhibits Endothelial Cell Proliferation, Migration and Adhesion in Vitro and Angiogenesis in the Ischemic Hindlimb of Rats (2000)

P76 Kallistatin is a serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) which has multifunctions including regulation of tissue kallikrein activity, blood pressure, inflammation and neointima hyperplasia. In this study, we investigated the potential role of kallistatin in vascular biology by studying its effects on the proliferation, migration and adhesion of cultured primary human endothelial cells in vitro, and angiogenesis in the ischemic hindlimb of rats. Purified kallistatin significantly inhibits cultured endothelial cell proliferation, migration and adhesion induced by VEGF or bFGF. To further investigate the role of kallistatin in vascular growth in vivo, we prepared adenovirus carrying the human kallistatin gene under the control of the cytomegalovirus promoter/enhancer (Ad.CMV-cHKBP). Expression of recombinant human kallistatin in HEK 293 cells transfected with Ad.CMV-cHKBP was identified by a specific ELISA. The effect of adenovirus-mediated kallistatin gene delivery on angiogenesis was evaluated in a rat model of hindlimb ischemia. Adenovirus carrying the human kallistatin or green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene were injected locally into the ischemic adductor at the time of surgery. Histological and morphometric analysis at 14 days post injection showed that adenovirus-mediated kallistatin gene delivery significantly reduced capillary density in the ischemic muscle as compared to that of control rats injected with GFP. The anti-angiogenic effect of kallistatin was associated with reduced regional blood flow in the ischemic hindlimb measured by microsphere assays. Expression of human kallistatin was identified in the injected muscle and immunoreactive human kallistatin levels were measured in the muscle and in the circulation of rats following kallistatin gene delivery. These results demonstrate a novel role of kallistatin in the inhibition of angiogenesis and in vascular remodeling.
ChemInform Abstract: AN APPROACH TO THE STEREOCONTROLLED CREATION OF AN ACYCLIC SIDE CHAIN OF SOME NATURAL PRODUCTS (1977)

Abstract Der Aufbau des Cyclopentanons (V) geht von dem Carbinol (Ia) aus, das über die Halogenverbindungen (Ib) bzw. (Ic) mit dem Dianion des Acetessigesters zu (II) kondensiert wird.
Analyzing Trends of Loneliness Through Large-Scale Analysis of Social Media Postings: Observational Study (2020)

The results demonstrate that it is possible for unrelated individuals to assess people's social media postings for loneliness. Moreover, our findings show the multidimensional nature of online loneliness and its correlated behaviors. Our study shows the advantages of studying a hard-to-reach population through social media and suggests new directions for future studies.