gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The puzzle of DNA sequences of Phytoseiidae (Acari : Mesostigmata) in the public GenBank database (2012)

The public database GenBank is an increasingly important source of sequence data for diagnostic and phylogenetic research; however, not all deposited sequences are necessarily correctly ascribed to a source species. We considered the example of the mite family Phytoseiidae to determine how the corresponding sequences could be accurately exploited. Phytoseiidae mites are well known worldwide for their ability to control certain mite and insect pests. The number of molecular approaches, especially for diagnostic purposes, has increased over the past decade, leading to an increase in the number of sequences registered in the GenBank database. The aim of the present paper was to evaluate the validity of the DNA sequences presently assigned to Phytoseiidae species in this database. Three hundred and fifty-one sequences, corresponding to the four most frequently registered DNA fragments (ITS, COI, Cytb and 12S rRNA), were considered. DNA extraction, amplification and sequencing were performed for the fragments 12S rRNA and ITS for Amblyseius andersoni, A. swirskii, Iphiseius degenerans, Euseius ovalis, E. stipulatus, Neoseiulus cucumeris and Typhlodromus pyri, as some identifications were questionable. Numerous problems were evident based on genetic distance analyses of these sequences. First, nomenclatural problems were encountered, preventing the correct identification of the taxa sequenced in one case. Suspected misidentifications were frequent, stressing the importance of voucher specimen availability. For the 12S rRNA fragment, sequences assigned to three Phytoseiidae species were those of their prey (Astigmata), underlining the care that must be taken when manipulating the DNA of such predators (sterile conditions and specific PCR primers). Finally, sequences of two regions of the COI mtDNA were encountered, leading to alignment problems between sequences of a same gene and same species. These results are discussed in relation to responsibilities of authors in terms of taxon identification and the great utility of open access DNA sequence databases, such as GenBank, for improving taxonomic identifications and advancing scientific research.
Programmable voltage-output, floating-gate digital-analog converter (2004)

In this paper, we describe implementations of binary-weighted and equal capacitance floating gate digital-analog converters (FGDACs). We improve the accuracy of charge amplifier DAC circuits and reduce their large element spread by utilizing epots in their implementations. We analyze these circuits and present experimental data from the chips that were fabricated in 0.5/spl mu/m CMOS process available through MOSIS. The characterization results prove that by using the equal capacitance FGDAC structure, we can obtain very accurate results while eliminating the problems caused by the large element spread.
OrthoANI: An improved algorithm and software for calculating average nucleotide identity (2015)

Species demarcation in <i>Bacteria</i> and <i>Archaea</i> is mainly based on overall genome relatedness, which serves a framework for modern microbiology. Current practice for obtaining these measures between two strains is shifting from experimentally determined similarity obtained by DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH) to genome-sequence-based similarity. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) is a simple algorithm that mimics DDH. Like DDH, ANI values between two genome sequences may be different from each other when reciprocal calculations are compared. We compared 63 690 pairs of genome sequences and found that the differences in reciprocal ANI values are significantly high, exceeding 1 % in some cases. To resolve this problem of not being symmetrical, a new algorithm, named OrthoANI, was developed to accommodate the concept of orthology for which both genome sequences were fragmented and only orthologous fragment pairs taken into consideration for calculating nucleotide identities. OrthoANI is highly correlated with ANI (using BLASTn) and the former showed approximately 0.1 % higher values than the latter. In conclusion, OrthoANI provides a more robust and faster means of calculating average nucleotide identity for taxonomic purposes. The standalone software tools are freely available at http://www.ezbiocloud.net/sw/oat.
Scalable SPARQL querying using path partitioning (2015)

The emerging need for conducting complex analysis over big RDF datasets calls for scale-out solutions that can harness a computing cluster to process big RDF datasets. Queries over RDF data often involve complex self-joins, which would be very expensive to run if the data are not carefully partitioned across the cluster and hence distributed joins over massive amount of data are necessary. Existing RDF data partitioning methods can nicely localize simple queries but still need to resort to expensive distributed joins for more complex queries. In this paper, we propose a new data partitioning approach that takes use of the rich structural information in RDF datasets and minimizes the amount of data that have to be joined across different computing nodes. We conduct an extensive experimental study using two popular RDF benchmark data and one real RDF dataset that contain up to billions of RDF triples. The results indicate that our approach can produce a balanced and low redundant data partitioning scheme that can avoid or largely reduce the cost of distributed joins even for very complicated queries. In terms of query execution time, our approach can outperform the state-of-the-art methods by orders of magnitude.
QRP04-3: Architecture, Implementation, and Evaluation of cmpTCP Westwood (2006)

In this paper we propose cmpTCP-Westwood (cmpTCPW), which is an extension of a variant of TCP-Westwood and SCTP. The proposed cmpTCPW has been implemented by altering and extending library-based open-source implementation of SCTP. The proposed cmpTCPW manages transmission control parameters of all paths simultaneously; a scheduler concurrently dispatches packets over all the paths from a common transmission queue. However, one virtual retransmission queue is maintained for each path, and the receiver sends acknowledgment for a packet on the same path on which the packet is received. In this paper we describe the proposed architecture and implementation; also, we report empirical evaluations of cmpTCPW. In our network emulation laboratory, two host computers were connected through two independent network emulators. Each network emulator runs on a separate computer, and the network parameters are adjusted independently. Our extensive evaluation shows that cmpTCPW delivers higher throughput than cmpTCP.
Dynamic behavior of cryogen spray cooling: Effects of spurt duration and spray distance (2003)

Based on our results, a good choice to achieve low T(min) and t(r) for the treatment of superficial skin lesions may be met by using deltat of approximately 30-50 milliseconds and the shortest spray distance that is tolerable by the patient. Spurt durations (deltat) of more than 30-50 milliseconds at spray distances (L) greater than L(c) lead to higher T(min) and longer t(r). These parameters may be appropriate for laser therapy of deeper targets.
A Pilot Study of Muscle‐Nerve‐Muscle Grafting for Facial Reanimation in Rats (2014)

Objectives: (1) Describe the muscle‐nerve‐muscle (MNM) reinnervation technique, which involves implanting a graft to serve as a conduit between an innervated donor muscle and a denervated recipient muscle. (2) Analyze the effects of MNM reinnervation with and without electrical stimulation and exogenous testosterone on functional recovery following rat facial nerve injury. Methods: A prospective controlled animal study. Facial nerve branches to the whisker pads of 24 adult male Sprague Dawley rats were harvested and each rat was then randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups of 8 rats each: no graft (control), MNM grafting alone (MNM), or MNM grafting + electrical stimulation (ES) and testosterone propionate (TP) (MNM+). MNM grafts were implanted from the functioning to the nonfunctioning whisker pads in the experimental groups. One experimental group underwent an ES and TP protocol. Whisker movement was assessed by behavioral observations, electromyographic recordings, and video analysis. Results: Recovery of coordinated movement was displayed at 16 weeks by 0% of the control animals, 71% of the MNM animals, and 85% of the MNM+ animals. Electromyographic recordings demonstrated electrical conductance across grafts in both MNM and MNM+ animals. Histologic analysis of the MNM grafts demonstrated growth of myelinated fibers across nerve grafts in both MNM and MNM+ animals. Conclusions: This study demonstrated not only that reinnervation following MNM grafting can improve tone and movement in a selected muscle following a facial nerve injury, but also that therapy with electrical stimulation and exogenous gonadal steroids further enhances the recovery of these functional measures.
"BA" Portrait: Sir Henry Creswicke Rawlinson: Pioneer Cuneiformist (1984)

Although he never attended a university, Rawlinson was able to decipher one of the most complicated ancient Near Eastern scripts written with wedge-shaped characters-Babylonian cuneiform.
Joint Multiple Intent Detection and Slot Labeling for Goal-Oriented Dialog (2019)

Rashmi Gangadharaiah, Balakrishnan Narayanaswamy. Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 1 (Long and Short Papers). 2019.
Metal‐Free, Selective Alkane Functionalizations (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
8 On the Origin of the Ribosome: Coevolution of Subdomains of tRNA and rRNA (1999)

Translation is one of the most complicated of biological processes, involving literally hundreds of specific macromolecules. Not the least of this complexity is the structure of the ribosome itself, which even in the relatively simple Escherichia coli version, consists of over 50 different proteins and three RNA molecules, comprising more than 4500 nucleotides, giving an aggregate mass of around 2.5 million daltons (Hill et al. 1990; Matheson et al. 1995). The difficulty of imagining how such a structure evolved is eased somewhat by accepting the notion that the original ribosome was made solely of RNA, as tentatively suggested by Crick (1968) more than two decades ago, and asserted with increasing force (Woese 1980) and enthusiasm (Gesteland and Atkins 1993) since then. Adherents of RNA World scenarios imagine, to varying degrees, that something resembling protein synthesis was carried out by ribozyme-like proto-ribosomes prior to the advent of ribosomal proteins and translation factors (not to mention aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases). Such scenarios solve the chicken-or-the-egg problem of the molecular evolution of ribosomes but raise some difficult new questions. The most obvious is that rRNA itself has a vast and intricate structure containing thousands of nucleotides (see, e.g., Fig. 1), and is not likely to have evolved by chance in a few simple evolutionary steps. Compounding this problem is that, prior to the existence of protein synthesis, it is difficult to imagine what selective pressures could have driven its evolution; in other words, the RNA World could not have anticipated the invention of protein synthesis.
Reactive sputtering of CSx thin solid films using CS2 as precursor (2020)

We deposit CSx thin solid films by reactive direct current magnetron sputtering of a C target in an argon plasma, using carbon disulfide (CS2) as a precursor to film growth. We investigate the influence of the partial pressure of the CS2 vapor introduced into the plasma on the composition, the chemical bonding structure, the structural, and the mechanical properties as determined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nanoindentation for films deposited at 150 and 300 °C. The Raman and the XPS results indicate that S atoms are incorporated in mostly sp2 bonded C network. These results agree with previous ab-initio theoretical findings obtained by modeling of the CSx compound by the Synthetic Growth Concept. The microstructure of the films as well as the results of their Raman characterization and the nanomechanical testing results all point out that with the increasing S content some sp3 bonding is admixed in the predominantly sp2 bonded CSx network, leading to typical amorphous structure with short and interlocked graphene-like planes for S contents between 2% and 8%. We conclude that CSx thin solid films deposited by using CS2 as a precursor would be CSx films deposited at low temperature of ~150 °C and with an S content in the region of 6 at.% may be interesting candidates for applications as hard/elastic protective coatings.
8-GHz band implantable UWB communications for wireless brain-machine interfaces (2014)

This paper presents a wireless data transmission technology using ultra wideband (UWB) signals in order to realize ultra multi-channel neural recoding system for wireless brain-machine interface (BMI). In order to show feasibility of the use of UWB signals in the application, a testbed has been developed, which consists of a liquid phantom and UWB radio system. The liquid phantom has been developed as to provide electrical constants equivalent to tissues of human body. The UWB radio system which occupies bandwidth of 1800 MHz to send 133 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> pulses per second. A small-size UWB has been employed, which was fabricated for this application. As a result of experiment with the testbed, it has been demonstrated that bit error ratio (BER) at distance of 20 mm between an implanted device and on-body antenna becomes less than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> .
A compact and low cost elementary radiating cell for satellite broadcasting automotive receiving arrays (2010)

LEMA
High-rate OVPE-GaN growth by the suppression of polycrystal formation with additional H2O vapor in a high-temperature condition (2020)

The oxide vapor phase epitaxy (OVPE) method enables the fabrication of low-resistivity GaN crystals. However, polycrystal formation is detrimental to the growth of thick GaN crystals at the high growth rate by the OVPE method. In this study, we focused on H2O additive under the high-rate and high-temperature growth condition to suppress generation of Ga droplet, the origin of polycrystalline GaN. The polycrystal density dramatically decreased by adding H2O, which can convert Ga droplet into Ga2O vapor. We obtained a 431 μm thick OVPE-GaN layer at 108 μm h−1, which is the highest value in GaN crystals grown by the OVPE method.
Photoelectron spectroscopy of the phenylnitrene anion (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotoelectron spectroscopy of the phenylnitrene anionMichael J. Travers, Daniel C. Cowles, Eileen P. Clifford, and G. Barney EllisonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 22, 8699–8701Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00048a053Request reuse permissionsArticle Views222Altmetric-Citations116LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (404 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Line Hardening and Energy Storage System Configuration Strategies for Resilience Enhancement of a Hybrid AC-DC Distribution System (2021)

Line hardening and energy storage configuration are important parts of the pre-disaster planning defense strategy, which can effectively improve the disaster prevention and emergency response capabilities of the hybrid AC-DC distribution system (HDS). Under the background of frequent extreme events, a method to improve the resilience of hybrid AC-DC distribution system considering line hardening and energy storage resource allocation is proposed, and a two-stage robust optimization model is constructed. Essentially, the model is a tri-level mixed integer nonlinear programming problem. The outer level evaluates the active behavior of HDS to determine the line hardening and energy storage system configuration strategies, the middle level determines the worst line failure set after the extreme event occurs, which is the passive behavior of HDS, and the inner level evaluates the active behavior of HDS to determine the emergency response and the operation strategies. Based on the nested column and constraint generation algorithm (nested column and constraint generation, NC&#x00026;CG), the 3-level mixed integer linear programming model is solved. Finally, a simulation analysis is conducted with a 9-node DC distribution network and an improved IEEE-33 node hybrid AC-DC distribution system coupled with a ring AC distribution network as an example. The results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the resilience of the distribution network and ensure its safe and reliable operation in extreme events.
Yessotoxins, a Group of Marine Polyether Toxins: an Overview (2008)

Yessotoxin (YTX) is a marine polyether toxin that was first isolated in 1986 from the scallop Patinopecten yessoensis. Subsequently, it was reported that YTX is produced by the dinoflagellates Protoceratium reticulatum, Lingulodinium polyedrum and Gonyaulax spinifera. YTXs have been associated with diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) because they are often simultaneously extracted with DSP toxins, and give positive results when tested in the conventional mouse bioassay for DSP toxins. However, recent evidence suggests that YTXs should be excluded from the DSP toxins group, because unlike okadaic acid (OA) and dinophyisistoxin-1 (DTX-1), YTXs do not cause either diarrhea or inhibition of protein phosphatases. In spite of the increasing number of molecular studies focused on the toxicity of YTX, the precise mechanism of action is currently unknown. Since the discovery of YTX, almost forty new analogues isolated from both mussels and dinoflagellates have been characterized by NMR or LC-MS/MS techniques. These studies indicate a wide variability in the profile and the relative abundance of YTXs in both, bivalves and dinoflagellates. This review covers current knowledge on the origin, producer organisms and vectors, chemical structures, metabolism, biosynthetic origin, toxicological properties, potential risks to human health and advances in detection methods of YTXs.
A performance analysis method of asynchronous data-path (2002)

A novel method of asynchronous data-path performance analysis is described. This method is based on multi-delay modeling and SPICE and logic simulation. It provides an effective tool to design and analyse asynchronous data-path. According to the proposed procedure, the performance of an asynchronous ACS is analyzed.
A scaffold-associated DNA region is located downstream of the pea plastocyanin gene. (1991)

Chromosomal scaffold-associated DNA has been isolated from pea leaf nuclei treated with lithium diiodosalicylate to remove histones and then digested with restriction enzymes to remove the DNA in chromosomal loops. A scaffold-associated region (SAR) of DNA has been identified 8 to 9 kb downstream of the single-copy pea plastocyanin gene in proximity to a repetitive sequence present in 300 copies in the pea haploid genome. Isolated restriction fragments from within the SAR can bind to scaffold preparations in a binding assay in vitro. The nucleotide sequence of the SAR indicates a 540-bp 77% A+T-rich region containing many sequence elements in common with SARs from other organisms. Sequences with homology to topoisomerase II binding sites, A-box and T-box sequences, and replication origins are present within this AT-rich region.
Sustainable Pd(OAc)2/Hydroquinone Cocatalyst System for Cis‐Selective Dibenzoyloxylation of 1,3‐Cyclohexadiene (2021)

Abstract The 1,4‐diacyloxylation of 1,3‐cyclohexadiene (CHD) affords valuable stereochemically defined scaffolds for natural product and pharmaceutical synthesis. Existing cis ‐selective diacyloxylation protocols require superstoichiometric quantities of benzoquinone (BQ) or MnO 2 , which limit process sustainability and large‐scale application. In this report, reaction development and mechanistic studies are described that overcome these limitations by pairing catalytic BQ with tert ‐butyl hydroperoxide as the stoichiometric oxidant. Catalytic quantities of bromide enable a switch from trans to cis diastereoselectivity. A catalyst with a 1:2 Pd:Br ratio supports high cis selectivity while retaining good rate and product yield. Further studies enable replacement of BQ with hydroquinone (HQ) as a source of cocatalyst, avoiding the handling of volatile and toxic BQ in large‐scale applications.
Changes in Euglobulin Lysis Following Intermittent Pneumatic Calf Compression (1977)

Intermittent pneumatic compression of the calf has proven beneficial as prophylaxis for calf vein thrombosis. To define a possible role for the fibrinolytic system, two studies were performed. Two groups of normal male volunteers aged 18-42 years were rested for one half hour; a control blood sample was drawn and one arm or both legs pumped for one half hour using a pneumatic boot inflated intermittently to 50mm Hg (90 sec. on, 90 sec. off; filling time 60 sec.). A second blood sample was obtained. In group one (arm pumped; antecubital vein sample, same side) the euglobulin lysis time decreased 23% (191 to 147 min., n=13, p=.05). In group two (both legs pumped; simultaneous sample from femoral and antecubital veins) there was a 25% reduction in euglobulin lysis (230 to 172 min., n=16, p=.01) in femoral vein blood and an 18% decrease in antecubital vein blood (229 to 188 min., n=16, p=.04). As expected the effect was most pronounced in the local venous effluent and less noticeable in the systemic circulation due to dilution. The possibility that mechanical compression of the calf veins produces chemical changes that might exert a beneficial effect in preventing venous calf thrombosis is consistent with the data.