gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Peptic ulcer disease: defining the treatment strategies in the era of Helicobacter pylori. (1997)

Peptic ulcer disease continues to be a major health care problem costing the public billions of dollars each year. Recent evidence confirms a major role for Helicobacter pylori infection in the natural history of most cases of peptic ulcer disease. The most established and effective antibiotic treatment for the eradication of H. pylori has been the classic bismuth "triple therapy" regimen containing bismuth, metronidazole, and tetracycline. However, pretreatment resistance to metronidazole, poor compliance, and side effects have limited the widespread acceptance of bismuth triple therapy for routine use. Recent studies suggest that the combination of one or two antibiotic agents and a proton pump inhibitor offers a better tolerated regimen than bismuth triple therapy. Efficacy is similar with respect to eradication of H. pylori, and the combined use of a proton pump inhibitor assures rapid symptom relief and ulcer healing. Although the mechanisms by which H. pylori eradication is effected, the optimal dosing schedules, and the specific antimicrobial agents to be administered require further study, the combination of a proton pump inhibitor and one or two antibiotics promises to be an appropriate first-line treatment for peptic ulcer disease.
Visualizing the Signatures of Social Roles in Online Discussion Groups (2007)

Abstract: Social roles in online discussion forums can be described by patterned characteristics of communication between network members which we conceive of as ‘structural signatures. &amp;apos; This paper uses visualization methods to reveal these structural signatures and regression analysis to confirm the relationship between these signatures and their associated roles in Usenet newsgroups. Our analysis focuses on distinguishing the signatures of one role from others, the role of “answer people. &amp;quot; Answer people are individuals whose dominant behavior is to respond to questions posed by other users. We found that answer people predominantly contribute one or a few messages to discussions initiated by others, are disproportionately tied to relative isolates, have few intense ties and have few triangles in their local networks. OLS regression shows that these signatures are strongly correlated with role behavior and, in combination, provide a strongly predictive model for identifying role 2 behavior (R =.72). To conclude, we consider strategies for further improving the identification of role behavior in online discussion settings and consider how the development of a taxonomy of author types could be extended to a taxonomy of newsgroups in particular and discussion systems in general.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMOTHERAPIE VON LEBEREGELINFEKTIONEN 3. MITT. AMIDE AUS 4‐CYAN‐2‐JOD‐6‐NITROPHENOL (NITROXYNIL) UND 2,6‐DIJOD‐4‐NITROPHENOL (DISOPHENOL) (1970)

Abstract 4‐Cyan‐2‐jod‐6‐nitrophenol (I) wird hydrolysiert zur Säure (II), die mit Aminen zu den Amiden (IIIa) A‐ (IIIk) umgesetzt wird.
The effect of BSC on PCM picture quality (1967)

We report some results on the subjective effect of noise introduced in the received pictures of a PCM system by a binary symmetrical channel. More specifically, such noise was compared with noise introduced by an additive white Gaussian channel to a PAM system. It was found that for high signal-to-noise ratios, the Gaussian noise is more objectionable than the BSC noise, while the reverse is true for low signal-to-noise ratios. The crossover point lies in the range 16-20 dB peak signal-to-noise ratio, and tends to occur at a higher signal-to-noise ratio for a picture containing more details.
Discovery of PF-06835919: A Potent Inhibitor of Ketohexokinase (KHK) for the Treatment of Metabolic Disorders Driven by the Overconsumption of Fructose (2020)

Increased fructose consumption and its subsequent metabolism have been implicated in metabolic disorders such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis (NAFLD/NASH) and insulin resistance. Ketohexokinase (KHK) converts fructose to fructose-1-phosphate (F1P) in the first step of the metabolic cascade. Herein we report the discovery of a first-in-class KHK inhibitor, PF-06835919 (<b>8</b>), currently in phase 2 clinical trials. The discovery of <b>8</b> was built upon our originally reported, fragment-derived lead <b>1</b> and the recognition of an alternative, rotated binding mode upon changing the ribose-pocket binding moiety from a pyrrolidinyl to an azetidinyl ring system. This new binding mode enabled efficient exploration of the vector directed at the Arg-108 residue, leading to the identification of highly potent 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane acetic acid-based KHK inhibitors by combined use of parallel medicinal chemistry and structure-based drug design.
Enhanced Aerodynamic Performance of a Wind Turbine Airfoil Section using Plasma Actuation (2014)

The aerodynamic effects of a dual plasma actuator arrangement on a GOE 735, 23% thickness airfoil, modeled after a Renewegy VP-20 wind turbine blade cross section, were studied. Experiments demonstrating actuator thrust capabilities are compared to previous reports to better understand the relationship between actuator geometry and performance. Characterizations of the effects of plasma actuators for aerodynamic flow control on the resultant coefficient of lift and drag curves are discussed at Re=1.50×10. Additionally, the dual plasma actuator arrangement was tested at various applied voltage amplitudes, ranging from 1-9kVrms and frequencies ranging from 2-6kHz at Re=1.50× 10 to study the aerodynamic effects and the electrical costs of this type of flow control. The voltage and current waveforms were sampled during 10s measurements so that the power dissipated by the actuators could be calculated. Relationships between the thrust produced by the actuators, the voltage amplitude and frequency, the coefficient of lift just before stall, and the dissipated power are discussed. In addition the effects of multiple actuators, the coefficient of drag just before stall, and the phase offsets of the voltage and current signals are discussed.
Force Capabilities of Two-Degree-of-Freedom Serial Robots Equipped With Passive Isotropic Force Limiters (2015)

This paper proposes the use of passive force and torque limiting devices to bound the maximum forces that can be applied at the end-effector or along the links of a robot, thereby ensuring the safety of human–robot interaction. Planar isotropic force limiting modules are proposed and used to analyze the force capabilities of a two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) planar serial robot. The force capabilities at the end-effector are first analyzed. It is shown that, using isotropic force limiting modules, the performance to safety index remains excellent for all configurations of the robot. The maximum contact forces along the links of the robot are then analyzed. Force and torque limiters are distributed along the structure of the robot in order to ensure that the forces applied at any point of contact along the links are bounded. A power analysis is then presented in order to support the results. Finally, examples of mechanical designs of force/torque limiters are shown to illustrate a possible practical implementation of the concept.
Thin film of ZnAl2O4:Eu3+ synthesized by a non-alkoxide precursor sol-gel method (2010)

Europium-doped zinc aluminate (ZnAl2O4:Eu3+) films were prepared by the dip-coating technique using a non-alkoxide precursor sol-gel method in ethanolic medium. Photoluminescence spectra displayed the main excitation bands at 270 and 393 nm. The emission spectra of the film heated at 500 ºC displayed bands at 578, 590, 612, 650 and 698 nm, assigned to the 5D0 → 7F J (J = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) transitions. The films are transparent above 320 nm.
The use of Neural Network Modeling for the Selection of Thermophysical Coefficients (2020)

The following topics are dealt with: learning (artificial intelligence); Internet of Things; feature extraction; neural nets; data analysis; support vector machines; power engineering computing; image classification; medical signal processing; convolutional neural nets.
Pancreatic ductal cells in development, regeneration, and neoplasia (2011)

The pancreas is a complex organ comprised of three critical cell lineages: islet (endocrine), acinar, and ductal. This review will focus upon recent insights and advances in the biology of pancreatic ductal cells. In particular, emphasis will be placed upon the regulation of ductal cells by specific transcriptional factors during development as well as the underpinnings of acinar-ductal metaplasia as an important adaptive response during injury and regeneration. We also address the potential contributions of ductal cells to neoplastic transformation, specifically in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Financial Repression and Liberalization: A Survey of the Literature (2012)

The literature on financial repression and financial liberalization in developing countries commenced with the seminal work of Mckinnon and Shaw in 1973 which focused on financial repression and the need for developing economies to allow real interests rates to be determined by market forces. With the adverse effects of financial repression on economic growth emerging, financial liberalization was advocated as a key to financial development and growth-enhancing economic policies. These arguments have been challenged by experiences of many developing countries which implemented liberalization policies and underwent devastating financial crisis. Financial liberalization is intended to promote market efficiency and economic welfare. However, the experiences in many countries revealed that deregulation and liberalization without the requisite regulation resulted in excessive risk-taking and encouraged an over-accumulation of short-term external liabilities by both financial and corporate sector. Costly lessons learned from the experiences should not lead to a return to financial repression. Rather institutional framework, including regulatory reform and infrastructure reform, should be established for the enhancement of the economic benefits from the financial liberalization.
Automated Analysis of Protein Expression and Gene Amplification within the Same Cells of Paraffin-Embedded Tumour Tissue (2010)

Background : The simultaneous detection of protein expression and gene copy number changes in patient samples, like paraffin-embedded tissue sections, is challenging since the procedures of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) negatively influence each other which often results in suboptimal staining. Therefore, we developed a novel automated algorithm based on relocation which allows subsequent detection of protein content and gene copy number changes within the same cell. Methods : Paraffin-embedded tissue sections of colorectal cancers were stained for CD133 expression. IHC images were acquired and image coordinates recorded. Slides were subsequently hybridized with fluorescently labeled DNA probes. FISH images were taken at the previously recorded positions allowing for direct comparison of protein expression and gene copy number signals within the same cells/tissue areas. Relocation, acquisition of the IHC and FISH images, and enumeration of FISH signals in the immunophenotyped tumour areas were done in an automated fashion. Results : Automated FISH analysis was performed on 13 different colon cancer samples that had been stained for CD133; each sample was scored for MYC, ZNF217 and Chromosome 6 in CD133 positive and negative glands. From the 13 cases four (31%) showed amplification for the MYC oncogene and seven of 13 (54%) cases were amplified for ZNF217. There was no significant difference between CD133 positive tumour and CD133 negative tumour cells. Conclusion : The technique and algorithm presented here enables an easy and reproducible combination of IHC and FISH based on a novel automated algorithm using relocation and automated spot counting.
Optimal location of transmitters for micro-cellular radio communication system design (1996)

This paper is concerned with the mathematical modeling and analysis of a radio communication system design problem that seeks an optimal location of a single transmitter, or that of multiple transmitters, in order to serve a specified distribution of receivers. The problem is modeled by discretizing the radio coverage region into a grid of receiver locations and by specifying a function that estimates the path-loss or signal attenuation for each receiver location, given a particular location for a transmitter that communicates with it. The resulting model is a nonlinear programming problem having an implicitly defined objective function of minimizing a measure of weighted path-losses. Specializations of three nonlinear optimization algorithms, namely, the Hooke and Jeeves' method, the quasi-Newton, and conjugate gradient search procedures are investigated for solving this problem. The technique described here is intended to interact with various propagation prediction models and may be used in a CAD system for radio communication system design.
Rotations as solutions of a matrix differential equation (1978)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation James M. Wilkes; Rotations as solutions of a matrix differential equation. Am. J. Phys. 1 June 1978; 46 (6): 685–687. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.11235 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAmerican Association of Physics TeachersAmerican Journal of Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
A novel low power, variable resolution pipelined ADC (2009)

In this paper, a novel low power, variable resolution pipelined analog to digital converter (ADC) with an embedded sample and hold (S/H) circuit is presented. The ADC circuit uses a peak detector to make the resolution variable. It is capable of operating up to a sampling frequency of 200MSPS at 8-bit, 10-bit, and 12-bit resolution with a supply voltage of 2.5 V. The proposed design has DNL< ±0.25LSB, INL< ±0.5LSB, SNR of 71.5 dB and SNDR of 69.1 dB with a peak power consumption of 24 mW. The ADC is designed in thick gate process and its performance is verified in post layout simulations at 65nm technology node.
Long-term temperatures measurements at some onland and sub-seafloor boreholes (2009)

Spatio-temporal distribution of temperature beneath the seafloor provides essential information on the thermal and hydrological structure and dynamics. We developed some long-term temperature monitoring systems for observation at seafloor, in a few-m-deep hole, and in deep boreholes. Measurements in a shallow hole were carried out at a hydrothermal field in the southern Mariana Trough and in the western Sagami Bay, and thermistor array system was tested in two onland boreholes in the northeastern Japan for up to 1.5 years. The thermistor elements coated with ‘Teflon’ was proved to be stable and reliable in a temperature range of 0 to 80 °C for more than one year. Shorter time scale and rather aperiodic variations in temperatures were commonly observed in boreholes. These variations would result from convection or any kind of flow within the hole. Such variation can be as large as any signal from the formation, so more careful assessment is necessary for the deep-borehole observatory that is in development at JAMSTEC.
Highly Reliable NiCuZn Ferrites by Mn Addition. (2001)

Mn content dependence on the resistivity and on the reliability of NiCuZn ferrites were investigated to obtain highly reliable NiCuZn ferrites for multilayer chip components. The resistivity drastically increased by Mn addition and the obtained high resistivity was maintained even at high temperature. From the result of complex impedance analysis, it was found that the increase of resistivity might be controlled by the intra-grain resistivity. The result of high temperature life test indicated that Mn addition can be improved on the reliability of NiCuZn ferrites.
Noise measurements of 10 MHz LGT crystal Oscillators (2007)

Our aim is to estimate the potential of LGT resonators to built oscillators of good stability in the short term domain. This objective needs two conditions: 1) The manufacturing of high Q-factor resonators with a process similar to that used for high stability quartz crystal resonators. 2) The realization of a scheme of an oven controlled oscillator specifically designed for these resonators. A batch of langatate (LGT) crystal resonators has been manufactured in our laboratory. A satisfying machining and polishing process is now ready. These resonators are optimized in terms of curvature radius and electrode diameter. They are available in an electrode-deposited version as well as in the electrodeless version, the so-called BVA structure. The energy trapping should still be optimized but here and now good quality factors, closed to 1.4 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> , are achieved for 10 MHz, 5th overtone resonators. Presently, their motional parameters are quite different from those of quartz crystal resonators. Classic topologies of quartz crystal oscillators are not well suited for LGT crystal resonators. Further, the high thermal sensitivity of LGT crystal resonators (parabolic f-T curve) requires a particular attention on the oven thermal stability. As a consequence, a specific oscillator topology has been designed for an appropriate use of these LGT crystal resonators. Resulting frequency stabilities are described in terms of Allan variance or power spectral density of frequency fluctuations.
Molar Absorbance Coefficient of Pyrene Aggregates in Water Generated by a Poly(ethylene oxide) Capped at a Single End with Pyrene (2012)

The molar absorbance coefficient of ground-state pyrene aggregates (ε(E0)(λ)) in water generated by a short poly(ethylene oxide) chain labeled at a single end with a 1-pyrenemethoxide unit, namely, the polymeric construct Py₁-PEO(2.5K), was determined by a combination of UV-vis absorption and time-resolved fluorescence experiments. Since direct excitation of ground-state pyrene aggregates results in instantaneous excimer emission, whereas excimer formation by diffusive encounters between an excited- and a ground-state pyrene is delayed, acquisition of a pyrene monomer and excimer fluorescence decays with 1 nm increments of the excitation wavelength can probe the subtle effect that the excitation wavelength has on the extent of instantaneous excimer formation. These differences were taken advantage of to determine the fraction f(agg)(f)(λ) of the total absorbance of the Py₁-PEO(2.5K) solution that is due to ground-state pyrene aggregates. This was achieved by fitting the pyrene monomer and excimer fluorescence decays globally with the model free analysis. For each wavelength, an f(agg)(f)(λ) value was obtained which was then related to ε(E0)(λ) and f(agg), the molar fraction of aggregated pyrenes that is wavelength independent. These experiments were conducted for three Py₁-PEO(2.5K) concentrations yielding three similar ε(E0)(λ) spectra as expected since ε(E0)(λ) is an intrinsic property of the pyrene aggregates that should not depend on pyrene concentration. The ε(E0)(λ) spectra of the pyrene aggregates of Py₁-PEO(2.5K) in water were substantially broader and red-shifted compared to that of the pyrene monomer. Its measure provides a simple means to calculate the molar fraction of aggregated pyrene units in a Py₁-PEO(2.5K) aqueous solution from the absorption of the solution. This procedure should become widely applicable to determine f(agg) of water-soluble polymers which have been hydrophobically modified with a pyrene derivative and used as models for associative polymers.
Highly Transparent Covalent Mucin Coatings Improve the Wettability and Tribology of Hydrophobic Contact Lenses (2020)

A stable, good coverage of the corneal tissue by the tear film is essential for protecting the eye. Contact lenses, however, constitute a foreign body that separates the tear film into two thinner layers, which are then more vulnerable toward disruption. This effect is even more pronounced if the contact lenses possess an insufficient surface wettability, which, in addition to friction, is suggested to be linked to discomfort and damage to the ocular surface. In this study, we establish covalent surface coatings with mucin macromolecules to overcome this issue for pure silicone contact lenses. This material class, which outperforms state-of-the-art silicone hydrogels in terms of oxygen permeability, is not yet used for commercial contact lens applications, which is due to its strongly hydrophobic surface characteristics. The applied process stably attaches a transparent mucin layer onto the contact lenses and thereby establishes hydrophilic surfaces that not only prevent lipid adsorption but also interact very well with liquid environments. Most importantly, however, we show that those mucin coatings are indeed able to prevent wear formation on corneal tissue that is subjected to the tribological stress applied by a contact lens. Our results open up great possibilities for a variety of hydrophobic materials that are, to date, not suitable for a contact lens application. Furthermore, the ability of mucin coatings to reduce wear in a tissue/synthetic material contact might be also beneficial for other biomedical applications.
Replication of Neisseria meningitidis within Epithelial Cells Requires TonB-Dependent Acquisition of Host Cell Iron (2002)

Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus [MC]) is able to enter and replicate within epithelial cells. Iron, an essential nutrient for nearly all organisms, is an important determinant in the ability of MC to cause disease; however, its role in MC intracellular replication has not been investigated. We analyzed the growth of MC within the A431 human epithelial cell line and the dependence of this growth on iron uptake. We present evidence here that chelation of iron from infected tissue culture cells with Desferal strongly inhibited intracellular replication of wild-type (wt) MC. We also provide genetic evidence that iron must be acquired by MC from the host cell in order for it to replicate. An hmbR mutant that is unable to use hemoglobin iron and could not grow in tissue culture media without iron supplementation replicated more rapidly within epithelial cells than its wt parent strain. An fbpA mutant that is unable to utilize human transferrin iron or lactoferrin iron replicated normally within cells. In contrast, a tonB mutant could not replicate intracellularly unless infected cultures were supplemented with ferric nitrate. Taken together, these findings strongly suggest that MC intracellular replication requires TonB-dependent uptake of a novel host cell iron source.
KIAA0101 Is Overexpressed, and Promotes Growth and Invasion in Adrenal Cancer (2011)

KIAA0101 is overexpressed in ACC. Our data supports that KIAA0101 is a marker of cellular proliferation, promotes growth and invasion, and is a good diagnostic marker for distinguishing benign from malignant adrenocortical neoplasm.