gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Circulating miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers Associated with Cardiac Remodeling and Fibrosis in Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy (2019)

Chagas disease (CD) affects approximately 6-7 million people worldwide, from which 30% develop chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC), usually after being asymptomatic for years. Currently available diagnostic methods are capable of adequately identifying infected patients, but do not provide information regarding the individual risk of developing the most severe form of the disease. The identification of biomarkers that predict the progression from asymptomatic or indeterminate form to CCC, may guide early implementation of pharmacological therapy. Here, six circulating microRNAs (miR-19a-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-29b-3p, miR-30a-5p, miR-199b-5p and miR-208a-3p) were evaluated and compared among patients with CCC (<i>n</i> = 28), CD indeterminate form (<i>n</i> = 10) and healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 10). MiR-19a-3p, miR-21-5p, and miR-29b-3p were differentially expressed in CCC patients when compared to indeterminate form, showing a positive correlation with cardiac dysfunction, functional class, and fibrosis, and a negative correlation with ejection fraction and left ventricular strain. Cardiac tissue analysis confirmed increased expression of microRNAs in CCC patients. In vitro studies using human cells indicated the involvement of these microRNAs in the processes of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Our study suggests that miRNAs are involved in the process of cardiac fibrosis and remodeling presented in CD and indicate a group of miRNAs as potential biomarkers of disease progression in CCC.
Hysteroscopic insemination of small numbers of spermatozoa at the uterotubal junction of preovulatory mares (2000)

Mares were inseminated with motile spermatozoa suspended in 30-150 microliters Tyrode's medium directly onto the uterotubal papilla at the anterior tip of the uterine horn, ipsilateral to the ovary containing a dominant preovulatory follicle of > or = 35 mm in diameter, by means of a fine gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) catheter passed through the working channel of a strobed light videoendoscope. Insemination of 10, 8, 25, 14, 11 and 10 mares with, respectively, 10.0, 5.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.1 or 0.001 x 10(6) motile spermatozoa resulted in conception rates of, respectively, 60, 75, 64, 29, 22 and 10%. Deposition of 1.0 x 10(6) motile spermatozoa onto the uterotubal papilla began to approach the limit of successful fertilization. These doses are far lower than the 3-15 x 10(9) spermatozoa normally ejaculated by fertile stallions during mating, and the accepted minimum dose of 500 x 10(6) spermatozoa used for conventional uterine body insemination in mares. The simplicity of the technique offers a practical means of exploiting new breeding technologies that require very small numbers of spermatozoa in horse breeding.
Lateral Line Layout Correlates with the Differential Hydrodynamic Pressure on Swimming Fish (2015)

The lateral line of fish includes the canal subsystem that detects hydrodynamic pressure gradients and is thought to be important in swimming behaviors such as rheotaxis and prey tracking. Here, we explore the hypothesis that this sensory system is concentrated at locations where changes in pressure are greatest during motion through water. Using high-fidelity models of rainbow trout, we mimic the flows encountered during swimming while measuring pressure with fine spatial and temporal resolution. The variations in pressure for perturbations in body orientation and for disturbances to the incoming stream are seen to correlate with the sensory network. These findings support a view of the lateral line as a "hydrodynamic antenna" that is configured to retrieve flow signals and also suggest a physical explanation for the nearly universal sensory layout across diverse species.
Fluorescence Associated with Impurities in Nanostructured Al_2O_3 (2009)

A hydrodynamic model is used to analyze relaxation behavior in a solution system for crystal growth under microgravity. The relaxations of the dimensionless average velocity of fluid V-av, the dimensionless maximum velocity of fluid V-max, the temperature distribution index S-theta, the concentration distribution index S-phi (see text) and the dimensionless average growth rate of crystal (V) over bar(cg) are calculated under fluctuations of gravity level and the temperature at the growth face of the crystal. The fluctuations are supposed to be perturbations of square pulse with a duration of t(0). It follows from the calculations that the effects of the gravity level fluctuation on the fluid velocities are much greater than those of the temperature fluctuation, but the effects of the latter on the indexes S-theta and S-phi are much greater than those of the former; the effects of the former on (V) over bar(cg) are negligible, but the temperature fluctuation at the growth face of the crystal can obviously change the average growth rate of crystal (V) over bar(cg). Calculations are also executed for the temperature fluctuation at the surface of the wall of the solute source material, Its effects on (V) over bar(cg) are negligible too.
Antitumour immunity invoked by hepatic arterial infusion of first‐line oxaliplatin predicts durable colorectal cancer control after liver metastasis ablation: 8–12 years of follow‐up (2019)

In colorectal cancer (CRC), hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) chemotherapy may convert primarily unresectable CRC liver metastases (CLM) into resectability, although the risk of metastatic recurrence remains high after CLM ablation. We investigated the role of antitumour immunity invoked by first-line oxaliplatin-HAI for long-term CLM outcome. In a prospective study cohort of primarily unresectable CLM, we assessed patients' fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3LG) in serum, reflecting opportune intratumoural immune activity, at baseline and following 1-3 sequences of oxaliplatin-HAI. The end points were CLM resectability and overall survival. Patients who presented an immediate twofold increment of circulating FLT3LG during the treatment and at its completion were scored as CLM resectable (16.4% with both features), were alive at final follow-up 8-12 years later. All patients experienced FLT3LG increase during the treatment course, but those who remained unresectable or had the disease converted but presented a slow and gradual FLT3LG accretion, later died of the metastatic disease. These data provide further support to our previous findings that tumour-directed immunity invoked by oxaliplatin-containing therapy predicts excellent outcome of early advanced CRC if macroscopic tumour ablation is rendered possible by the 'classic' tumour response to the cytotoxic treatment.
High-Performance Computing Techniques for Record Linkage (2002)

Record linkage techniques are used to link together records from one or more data sets relating to the same entity, e.g. patient or customer. As data is often not primarily collected for data analysis purposes, a common unique identifier is missing in many cases, and probabilistic linkage techniques have to be applied. Historical collections of administrative and other (health) data may contain many tens or even hundreds of millions of records, with new data being added at the rate of millions of records per year. Although improvements in available computing power have to some extent mitigated against the effects of this accelerating growth in the size of the data sets to be linked, large-scale probabilistic record linkage is still a slow and resource-intensive process. The ANU Data
CCCCL.—Trypanocidal action and chemical constitution. Part XI. Aromatic arsonic acids containing amide groups (1931)

A. Cohen, H. King and W. I. Strangeways, J. Chem. Soc., 1931, 3236 DOI: 10.1039/JR9310003236
MicroSPE-nanoLC-ESI-MS/MS Using 10-μm-i.d. Silica-Based Monolithic Columns for Proteomics (2006)

Silica-based monolithic capillary columns (25 cm x 10 microm i.d.) with integrated nanoESI emitters have been developed to provide high-quality and robust microSPE-nanoLC-ESI-MS analyses. The integrated nanoESI emitter adds no dead volume to the LC separation, allowing stable electrospray operation at flow rates of approximately 10 nL/min. In an initial application with a linear ion trap MS, we identified 5510 unique peptides that covered 1443 distinct Shewanella oneidensis proteins from a 300-ng tryptic digest sample in a single 4-h LC-MS/MS analysis. The use of an integrated monolithic ESI emitter provided enhanced resistance to clogging and provided good run-to-run reproducibility.
Embedding Sulfur in MOF‐Derived Microporous Carbon Polyhedrons for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries (2013)

Microporous carbon polyhedrons (MPCPs) are derived from unique MOF polyhedrons, and used as a model microporous carbon host for sulfur in Li–S batteries. Systematic investigations have been carried out to reveal the effects of several important parameters, such as the sulfur loading temperature, sulfur content, and the electrolyte. The MPCP/sulfur composite with sulfur exclusively embedded in micropores exhibit stable cycling performance with high Coulombic efficiency in both DOL/DME and EC/DEC electrolytes. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Molecular Mechanism of Anti-Prostate Cancer Activity ofScutellaria BaicalensisExtract (2007)

Scutellaria baicalensis is a widely used Chinese herbal medicine historically used in antiinflammatory and anticancer therapy. The goals of the study were to 1) determine its in vitro and in vivo anti-prostate cancer activity, 2) investigate its molecular mechanism directed at cell proliferation control including cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and cyclins/cdks pathways, and 3) compare it with those of PC-SPES (PC stands for prostate cancer and spes is Latin for hope), a former herbal mixture for prostate cancer treatment of which S. baicalensis is a major constituent. Two human prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, androgen dependent, and PC-3, androgen independent) were assessed for growth inhibition. S. baicalensis exerted dose- and time-dependent increased growth inhibition in both cell lines. However, the PC-3 cells IC50 (50% growth inhibition concentration) were slightly more sensitive than LNCaP cells (IC50=0.15 mg/ml), although the former is androgen independent. S. baicalensis was more effective in inhibition of cell growth compared with PC-SPES (IC50=0.38 mg/ml for PC-3 cells). Significant reduction of PGE2 synthesis in both cells after treatment with S. baicalensis resulted from direct inhibition of COX-2 activity rather than COX-2 protein suppression. S. baicalensis also inhibited prostate-specific antigen production in LNCaP cells. Finally, S. baicalensis suppressed expression of cyclin D1 in LNCaP cells, resulting in a G1 phase arrest, while inhibiting cdk1 expression and kinase activity in PC-3 cells, ultimately leading to a G2/M cell cycle arrest. Animal studies showed a 50% reduction in tumor volume after a 7-wk treatment period. This study demonstrated that S. baicalensis may be a novel anticancer agent for the treatment of prostate cancer.
Fungal parasitism of the cyst nematodeHeterodera schachtii: infection and enzymatic activity (1989)

Fungal egg parasites isolated from eggs of the cyst nematode Heterodera avenae in Sweden were investigated with respect to their ability to infect cyst nematode eggs of H. schachtii in vitro. The infection was studied by interference phase contrast microscopy of whole cysts and of cryosections of cysts exposed to the fungi on agar plates. Verticillium suchlasporium was the most effective parasite, infecting 53% of the nematode eggs, while V. chlamydosporium infected 12% of the eggs. The fungi Paecilomyces lilacinus, Cylindrocarpon destructans or Fusarium oxysporum did not parasitize nematode eggs; nor did Arthrobotrys oligospora, a nematode trapping fungus nor Penicillium viridicatum which served as a control fungus. The ability of the fungi to infect eggs was correlated with their lytic enzyme activity. Fungi that readily infected eggs also showed chitinase activity and presence of proteolytic activity. The Verticillium species had an activity between 3.7 and 14.6 μmol N-acetyl-glucosamine per mg protein per hour (CU) while it was 4.5 CU or lower for P. lilacinus. Other isolates did not shown any chitinase activity.
The Cysteine S‐Alkylation Reaction as a Synthetic Method to Covalently Modify Peptide Sequences (2016)

Synthetic methodologies to chemically modify peptide molecules have long been investigated for their impact in the field of chemical biology. They allow the introduction of biochemical probes useful for studying protein functions, for manipulating peptides with therapeutic potential, and for structure-activity relationship investigations. The commonly used approach was the derivatization of an amino acid side chain. In this regard, the cysteine, for its unique reactivity, has been widely employed as the substrate for such modifications. Herein, we report on methodologies developed to modify the cysteine thiol group through the S-alkylation reaction. Some procedures perform the alkylation of cysteine derivatives, in order to prepare building blocks to be used during the peptide synthesis, whilst some others selectively modify peptide sequences containing a cysteine residue with a free thiol group, both in solution and in the solid phase.
Cross‐Sectional Serosurvey of Avian Influenza Antibodies Presence in Domestic Ducks of Kathmandu, Nepal (2013)

Kathmandu, Nepal has been classified as a high-risk area for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) by the Nepali Government. While ducks have an important role in the transmission of avian influenza viruses (AIV), including HPAI, seroprevalence of antibodies to AIV in domestic ducks of Kathmandu has never been assessed. The objectives of this study were (i) to estimate the prevalence of seroconversion to AIV in domestic ducks in major duck-raising areas of Kathmandu and (ii) to assess the effect of age, sex, presence of swine and the number of ducks on the farm on the carriage of antibodies to AIV in these ducks. From April through July of 2011, a cross-sectional study was conducted and a total of 310 ducks in the major duck-raising areas of Kathmandu were sampled. The estimated prevalence of AIV antibodies was 27.2% [95% confidence interval (CI): 24.6-29.5]. Of 62 enrolled farms, 42% had at least one seropositive duck. Half of the enrolled farms also kept pigs of which 52% had at least one seropositive duck. Bivariate analysis indicated association between ducks' seroconversion to AIV and their age, sex and farm size. However, the final multivariable model, after controlling for clustering of ducks within farms, identified age as the only significant risk factor. Based on this model, ducks older than 1 year of age were more likely to be seropositive compared to ducks <6 months of age [odds ratio = 2.17 (1.07-4.39)]. These results provide baseline information about the AIV seroprevalence in domestic ducks in the major duck-raising areas of Kathmandu and identify a high-risk group that can be targeted in surveillance activities. Future studies should be conducted to differentiate the subtypes of AIV present among domestic ducks in Kathmandu, with particular interest in the presence of HPAI viruses.
New FET using the superconducting phase transition of a high temperature oxide superconductor (1991)

A theoretical study is made on a superconductor FET based on the controllability of the transition temperature of an ultra-thin film of high temperature oxide superconductor by way of the field-effect modulation of the carrier density. The dependence of the device characteristics on the number of the unit-cell layers is clarified.
β-Lactam Resistance Response Triggered by Inactivation of a Nonessential Penicillin-Binding Protein (2009)

It has long been recognized that the modification of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) to reduce their affinity for beta-lactams is an important mechanism (target modification) by which Gram-positive cocci acquire antibiotic resistance. Among Gram-negative rods (GNR), however, this mechanism has been considered unusual, and restricted to clinically irrelevant laboratory mutants for most species. Using as a model Pseudomonas aeruginosa, high up on the list of pathogens causing life-threatening infections in hospitalized patients worldwide, we show that PBPs may also play a major role in beta-lactam resistance in GNR, but through a totally distinct mechanism. Through a detailed genetic investigation, including whole-genome analysis approaches, we demonstrate that high-level (clinical) beta-lactam resistance in vitro, in vivo, and in the clinical setting is driven by the inactivation of the dacB-encoded nonessential PBP4, which behaves as a trap target for beta-lactams. The inactivation of this PBP is shown to determine a highly efficient and complex beta-lactam resistance response, triggering overproduction of the chromosomal beta-lactamase AmpC and the specific activation of the CreBC (BlrAB) two-component regulator, which in turn plays a major role in resistance. These findings are a major step forward in our understanding of beta-lactam resistance biology, and, more importantly, they open up new perspectives on potential antibiotic targets for the treatment of infectious diseases.
Direct Determination of X-Band Permittivity of Dielectrics by Partial Overlay on Electromagnetically Coupled Microstrip Ring Resonator (2007)

A technique using an electromagnetically coupled microstrip ring resonator (EMC-MRR) is proposed for measuring the relative permittivity εr of dielectric materials. From our experimental results, an equation is suggested to determine εr by empirically modifying the standard design equation for MRR using frequency-dependent effective permittivity. The equation is simple and very general. Materials of interest (dielectric strips) with suitable size are partially overlaid on the ring resonator at ∼10 GHz and the change in resonant frequency of the system is measured to obtain εr directly. Validations are performed with test dielectrics such as RT-duroid (5880) and glass epoxy. The equation is in agreement with the experimental results with an error of about ±5%.
N-Line Model for Predicting Beach Evolution due to Nourished Sands (2008)

A numerical beach evolution model, which can predict depth contour line change due to beach nourishment, was proposed. The effect of beach nourishment was taken into account by solving two- dimensional advection diffusion equation for nourished sand material. Some model tests of beach evolution due to nourishment were performed. Furthermore, the new N-line model was applied to preservation of eroded beach using a sand recycle method measures, and then the performance of the model was investigated.
POPULATION PHARMACOKINETICS AND EXPOSURE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS FOR BASILIXIMAB IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION (1999)

There were no demographic or clinical subpopulations not adequately treated with the standard basiliximab dosing regimen. Over the range of CD25 suppression durations observed in this study, extended periods of receptor blockade did not seem to confer an immunoprophylactic advantage compared with shorter periods of receptor suppression.
Prevention and treatment of atrophic rhinitis in pigs with Getroxel, chlorquinaldol and oxytetracycline. (1991)

The sensitivity of ten Bordetella bronchiseptica and ten Pasteurella multocida strains, each isolated from cases of atrophic rhinitis (AR), was examined in tube dilution test. Getroxel, chlorquinaldol and oxytetracycline and the former two ones combined with trimethoprim inhibited the growth of both species in vitro. The minimum inhibitory and the minimum bactericidal concentration was less than 0.5 microgram/ml. When efficacy was tested in SPF in the group fed a combination of Getroxel, chlorquinaldol and oxytetracycline (60 mg, 240 mg and 360 mg/kg of feed, respectively), P. multocida disappeared from the nasal cavity by the end of a 30-day treatment. B. bronchiseptica was reisolated in low numbers from 2 out of 9 piglets. The daily body mass gain was by 7.9% higher and the feed conversion rate was by 19% better than in the control group. After slaughter, only mild signs of AR were seen in 3 out of 9 piglets treated with the above-mentioned drug combination, while in the control group severe lesions were observed in 8 out of 9 pigs. In treated commercial herds P. multocida disappeared from the nasal cavity of the piglets by the end of the treatment (42nd day of life), but the B. bronchiseptica strains could not be completely eliminated. Due to the treatment, mortality between 2 and 6 weeks of age decreased by 0.8-7.6%. Daily body mass gain was, on the average, 16.4% higher, the amount of feed needed for 1 kg body mass gain was by 15.3% lower and the duration of fattening was by 30.8 days shorter than in the control groups.
Toluene Thermophysical Properties from 178 to 800 K at Pressures to 1000 Bar (1989)

The thermodynamic data for toluene have been evaluated and fit to a highly constrained, nonanalytic equation of state. Comparisons of the equation with the selected PVT and derived property data are given. Extensive tables are presented providing tabular values for coexisting liquid and vapor as well as for the single phase along isobars. The equation of state and tables cover the range from the triple point (178.15 K) to 800 K, with pressures to 1000 bar.
A lightness scale from image intensity distributions (1981)

A lightness scale is derived from a theoretical estimate of the probability distribution of image intensities for natural scenes. The derived image intensity distribution considers three factors: reflectance, surface orientation and illumination, and surface texture (or roughness). The convolution of the effects of these three factors yields the theoretical probability distribution of image intensities. A useful lightness scale should be the integral of this probability density function, for then equal intervals along the scale are equally probable and carry equal information. The result is a scale similar to that used in photography, or by the nervous system as its transfer function. (Author)
Multiresolution signal decomposition schemes. Part 2: Morphological wavelets (1999)

In its original form, the wavelet transform is a linear tool. However, it has been increasingly recognized that nonlinear extensions are possible. A major impulse to the development of nonlinear wavelet transforms has been given by the introduction of the lifting scheme by Sweldens. The aim of this report, which is a sequel to a previous report devoted exclusively to the pyramid transform, is to present an axiomatic framework encompassing most existing linear and nonlinear wavelet decompositions. Furthermore, it introduces some, thus far unknown, wavelets based on mathematical morphology, such as the morphological Haar wavelet, both in one and two dimensions. A general and flexible approach for the construction of nonlinear (morphological) wavelets is provided by the lifting scheme. This paper discusses one example in considerable detail, the max-lifting scheme, which has the intriguing property that it preserves local maxima in a signal over a range of scales, depending on how local o...
Bladder Neuron Hysteresis (2016)

The goal of this project is to quantify hysteresis observed in the firing rates of bladder sensory neurons during rhythmic bladder contractions. This project contains the raw data sets, summary data spreadsheets, and MATLAB analysis code.