gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protected Population Immunity, Not A Vaccine, Is The Way To Stop Covid-19 Pandemic (2020)

This paper presents a new account of the action of ascorbate in humans: the dynamic flow model. The model is consistent with previous studies and with the known properties of vitamin C. Based on this model, we propose a mechanism by which human physiology can compensate for losing the ability to synthesize vitamin C. The dynamic flow approach links Linus Pauling's megadose suggestions with other reported effects of massive doses for the treatment of disease. The model also refutes the current low dose hypothesis and resulting recommendations for dietary intakes.
Crystallization of barley malt alpha-amylases and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of the high pI isozyme, alpha-amylase 2. (1987)

International audience
Poly(ionic liquid)s Containing Alkoxy Chains and Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Anions as Highly Adhesive Materials (2021)

Adhesive materials have wide applications in diverse fields, but the development of a novel and multipurpose adhesive is a great challenge. This study demonstrates that conventional poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) can be designed as highly efficient adhesives by simply introducing alkoxy moieties into the cationic backbone of PILs containing bis(trifluoromethanesulfonimide) (TFSI<sup>-</sup> ) anions. The incorporated flexible alkoxy chain not only reduces the glass transition temperature of PILs but also endows these materials with strong hydrogen bonding interactions, which, together with the unique electrostatic interaction of the PILs, simultaneously contributes to a high cohesive energy and interfacial adhesive energy. Consequently, these alkoxy PILs are highly adhesive on various substrates such as glass, ceramic, stainless steel, aluminum, and polymers, in contrast to the nonadhesive behavior of conventional PILs. Photosensitive or electronically conductive composite adhesives are fabricated by virtue of the compatibility between ionic liquids and carbon nanotubes or silver nanofibers. Interestingly, the PIL-2-TFSI adhesive possesses a unique and reversible response to electric fields and achieves up to 35% improvement in adhesive strength.
A simple and effective method to analyze membrane proteins by SDS-PAGE and MALDI mass spectrometry. (2010)

The procedure presented here is suitable for both identifying purified hydrophobic proteins and systematically investigating hydrophobic protein mixtures. It can be easily applied even in non-dedicated laboratories, such as those mostly devoted to clinical chemistry.
Model for thickness dependence of mobility and concentration in highly conductive zinc oxide (2013)

The dependences of the 294 and 10 K mobility μ and volume carrier concentration n on thickness (d=25 to 147 nm) are examined in aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO). Two AZO layers are grown at each thickness, one with and one without a 20-nm-thick ZnON buffer layer. Plots of the 10 K sheet concentration ns versus d for buffered (B) and unbuffered (UB) samples give straight lines of similar slope, n=8.36×1020 and 8.32×1020 cm−3, but different x-axis intercepts, δd=−4 and +13 nm, respectively. Plots of ns versus d at 294 K produce substantially the same results. Plots of μ versus d can be well fitted with the equation μ(d)=μ(∞)/[1+d*/(d−δd)], where d* is the thickness for which μ(∞) is reduced by a factor 2. For the B and UB samples, d*=7 and 23 nm, respectively, showing the efficacy of the ZnON buffer. Finally, from n and μ(∞) we can use degenerate electron scattering theory to calculate bulk donor and acceptor concentrations of 1.23×1021 cm−3 and 1.95×1020 cm−3, respectively, and Drude theory to predict a plasmonic resonance at 1.34 μm. The latter is confirmed by reflectance measurements.
Control of photo-induced voltages in plasmonic crystals via spin-orbit interactions (2016)

There is wide interest in understanding and leveraging the nonlinear plasmon-induced potentials of nanostructured materials. We investigate the electrical response produced by spin-polarized light across a large-area bottom-up assembled 2D plasmonic crystal. Numerical approximations of the Lorentz forces provide quantitative agreement with our experimentally-measured DC voltages. We show that the underlying mechanism of the spin-polarized voltages is a gradient force that arises from asymmetric, time-averaged hotspots, whose locations shift with the chirality of light. Finally, we formalize the role of spin-orbit interactions in the shifted intensity patterns and significantly advance our understanding of the physical phenomena, often related to the spin Hall effect of light.
Boundary Layer Control on a Low Pressure Turbine Blade by Means of Pulsed Blowing (2012)

The current work investigates the performance benefits of pulsed blowing with frequencies up to 10 kHz on a highly loaded LPT blade. The influence of blowing position and frequency on the boundary layer and losses are investigated. Pressure profile distribution measurements and midspan wake traverses are used to assess the effects on the boundary layer under a wide range of Reynolds numbers from 50000 to 200000 at a cascade exit Mach number of 0.6 under steady as well as periodically unsteady inflow conditions. High frequency blowing at sufficient amplitudes is achieved with the use of fluidic oscillators. The integral loss coefficient calculated from wake traverses is used to assess the optimum pressure ratio driving the fluidic oscillators. The results show that pulsed blowing with fluidic oscillators can significantly reduce the profile losses of the highly loaded LPT blade T161 with a moderate amount of air used in a wide range of Reynolds numbers under both steady and unsteady inflow conditions.
Controlling rotation and migration of rings in a simple shear flow through geometric modifications (2018)

A ring with a cross-section that has a blunt inner and sharper outer edge can attain an equilibrium orientation in a Newtonian fluid subject to a low Reynolds number simple shear flow. This may be contrasted with the continuous rotation exhibited by most rigid bodies. Such rings align along an orientation when the rotation due to fluid vorticity balances the counter-rotation due to the extensional component of the simple shear flow. While the viscous stress on the particle tries to rotate it, the pressure can generate a counter-vorticity torque that aligns the particle. Using boundary integral computations, we demonstrate ways to effectively control this pressure by altering the geometry of the ring cross-section, thus leading to alignment at moderate particle aspect ratios. Aligning rings that lack fore–aft symmetry can migrate indefinitely along the gradient direction. This differs from the periodic spatial trajectories of fore–aft asymmetric axisymmetric particles that rotate in periodic orbits. The mechanism for migration of aligned rings along the gradient direction is elucidated in this work. The migration speed can be controlled by varying the cross-sectional shape and size of the ring. Our results provide new insights into controlling motion of individual particles and thereby open new pathways towards manipulating macroscopic properties of a suspension.
Efficiency enhancement techniques and a dual-band approach in RF rectifiers for wireless power harvesting (2014)

Efficiency enhancement techniques for CMOS rectifiers used in wireless power harvesting applications such as radio-frequency identification (RFID) or biomedical implants are overviewed. More specifically, three recently proposed efficiency enhancement techniques, namely, switched-capacitor gate-boosting scheme, auxiliary cell scheme and quasi-floating-gate biased scheme are presented in which based on the RF input level, the gate-drive voltage of switching transistors in the differential-drive rectifier architecture is enhanced. The proposed designs are laid out in standard 0.13-μm CMOS and their performance metrics are compared with the state-of-the-art differential structures. Through dynamically adjusting the input capacitance of the rectifier, a dual-band input matching scheme is presented which enables efficient power delivery at two distinct frequencies.
Adaptive Kalman Filtering Method to the Data Processing of GPS Deformation Monitoring (2010)

This paper introduced the principle of Kalman filtering and modeling methods, however, there existed some problems with the standard Kalman filtering. Combined with the characteristics of GPS deformation monitoring data, this paper improved the algorithm of the standard Kalman filtering and proposed the Adaptive Kalman filtering method. The authors took the data of GPS deformation monitoring as an example, carried out AKF method in the VB platform, and compared the treatment results with the original data. The results show that the AKF can effectively suppress the phenomenon of divergence emerged filtering with the systematic statistical properties of real-time dynamic estimation and make the results more stable and reasonable. The results show that the Adaptive Kalman Filter proposed in this paper is more effective than the traditional methods.
Incidence of Neurological Soft Signs in Children with Isolated Cleft of the Lip or Palate (2008)

The purpose of this study was to assess neurological soft signs in children and adolescents with isolated cleft of the lip or palate (iCL/P) compared with healthy controls. Children with iCL/P were recruited through the university cleft clinic. Control subjects were recruited through advertisements. Of the 166 subjects who participated (age range 7 to 17 years, M = 12.5, SD = 3.2), 77 had iCL/P (48 male) and 89 were healthy controls (44 male). All participants took the Physical and Neurological Examination of Subtle Signs and selected tests of motor coordination. A multivariate analysis of variance assessed differences between subjects with and without iCL/P. Also, a Pearson correlation estimated the relationship between the neurological soft signs and age. Subjects with iCL/P scored significantly higher on all neurological soft signs variables. These higher scores were associated with younger age. Findings lend support to the hypothesis of aberrant brain development in children with iCL/P.
Graphene-based membranes: status and prospects (2015)

Recently, graphene-based membranes have been extensively studied, represented by two distinct research directions: (i) creating pores in graphene basal plane and (ii) engineering nanochannels in graphene layers. Most simulation results predict that porous graphene membranes can be much more selective and permeable than current existing membranes, also evidenced by some experimental results for gas separation and desalination. In addition, graphene oxide has been widely investigated in layered membranes with two-dimensional nanochannels, showing very intriguing separation properties. This review will cover state-of-the-art of graphene-based membranes, and also provide a material guideline on future research directions suitable for practical membrane applications.
Elicitation thresholds for thiuram mix using petrolatum and ethanol/sweat as vehicles (1996)

An estimate of amounts of thiurams that may be released from rubber gloves into synthetic sweat, has previously been generated. These amounts should be compared to elicitation thresholds of patch tests performed with serial dilutions of thiuram mix using synthetic sweat as vehicle. Because of solubility properties of thiurams in aqueous media, such dilutions cannot directly be prepared. In this study, a stem solution was prepared in ethanol. This solution was then further diluted with synthetic sweat. Thiuram mix 0.5 w/v% was the most concentrated solution in ethanol achievable. The patch test reactions were compared to reactions to serial dilutions using petrolatum as vehicle. The experiment revealed that endpoint dilution with synthetic sweat was not achieved in this study. The threshold for elicitation of positive patch test reactions seemed to be lower for ethanol/sweat as vehicle compared to petrolatum: 32% reacted to ethanol/synthetic sweat 0.001 mg/cm2 compared to 14% reacting to thiuram in pet. 0.002 mg/cm2. Based on these results, synthetic sweat may be considered a more relevant medium for threshold finding studies than petrolatum. Because of expected instability of the aqueous solutions, petrolatum is probably a more suitable vehicle for routine testing. The study does not permit final conclusions concerning acceptable thresholds for leachable thiurams in rubber gloves, but it is likely that an acceptable threshold would be substantially less than 0.001 mg/ cm2.
Temperature effects on ultrasonic phase velocity and attenuation in Eccosorb and PMMA (2016)

Phase velocity and attenuation of compressional and shear waves in the two materials PMMA and Eccosorb MF-117 were measured as function of frequency and temperature, using a broadband through-transmission technique. Two pairs of transducers were used for the measurements, one pair with center frequency 5 MHz, covering the frequency range from 2.5 MHz to 6 MHz, and one pair with center frequency 10 MHz, covering the range from 5.5 MHz to 10.5 MHz. The measured results for PMMA showed a good agreement with published values, thus verifying the accuracy of our approach. From 2.5 MHz to 6 MHz, a negative dispersion of 2 m/s/MHz was observed for the compressional wave velocity in PMMA. The dispersion for Eccosorb MF-117 in the same frequency range was also negative, and measured to 5.5 m/s/MHz. The dispersion value did not change over the investigated temperature range, from 20°C to 37°C, although the phase velocities changed with temperature. The shear wave velocity showed a similar trend, with negative dispersion 2 m/s/MHz for PMMA and 4.5 m/s/MHz for Eccosorb MF-117. The attenuation of both compressional and shear waves in both materials increased with frequency over the investigated frequency ranges. Increasing the temperature from 20°C to 37°C caused a decrease of 3% and 5% in the phase velocity of PMMA and Eccosorb MF-117, respectively. Over the same temperature range, the attenuation increased by 35% in PMMA and by 30% in Eccosorb MF-117.
Structural information theory based on electronic configurations. (1975)

The topic of this paper is how different forms of acoustical information may be measured. The specific problem addressed is how information is transferred from a three-dimensional source of longitudinal waves to a one-dimensional vibrating membrane. In previous papers1,12, the author has demonstrated through the derivation of different forms on informational 'quanta' that the modulating envelopes for the wave packets representing these quanta are functional solutions to the Weber equation (the Helmholtz equation in parabolic cylinder coordinates). The geometrical structure described by the Weber equation suggests a resonance effect existing between an 'angular momentum' involving an 'azimuthal quantum number' and one involving a 'magnetic quantum number' in analogy with structural chemistry formulations12. In the present paper, the geometrical formulation is carried further. A sound source is commonly spherical, therefore solutions are found for the wave equation in spherical coordinates, giving a precise meaning to the 'azimuthal' and 'magnetic quantum number' analogy. These informational wave packets are then translated into a one-dimensional representation because of the nature of the receiver (the tympanic membrane). The difference between descriptions of electromagnetic and acoustical forms of energy is presented as consisting in the number of variables remaining constant in the acoustical formulation (as compared with the electromagnetic) but not in the basic geometrical formulations, which are primary.
Video S4 from ΔNp63-Regulated Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition State Heterogeneity Confers a Leader–Follower Relationship That Drives Collective Invasion (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Live imaging of SUM159O cells embedded in ECM containing fluorescent microbeads (blue) showing ECM reorganization through bead movement.&lt;/p&gt;
Power-Referenced and Temperature-Calibrated Optical Fiber Refractometer (2008)

A novel technique for simultaneous measurement of refractive index and temperature based on power level detection of a weakly tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Surrounding refractive index (RI) and temperature can be unambiguously determined by the TFBG transmitted and reflected power, respectively, avoiding complex wavelength interrogation. An accuracy approaching 1 x 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> in terms of the RI as well as temperature self-calibration is shown for this robust and cost-effective refractometer.
H-2 restriction of suppressor T-cell induction by hapten-modified lymphoid cells in tolerance to 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene contact sensitization. (1977)

Studies using hapten-modified lymphoid cells as tolerogens for 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene contact sensitization have shown that BALB/c(H-2d) mice can be made phenotypically tolerant by dinitrophenyl (DNP) on either syngeneic or allogeneic mouse lymphoid cells (DNP-LC). However, suppressor T-cell induction (Ts) in these mice (as demonstrated by adoptive transfer to syngeneic recipients) was restricted to H-2 identity between the DNP-LC and the donor mouse. It was also shown that identity at the right end of the H-2 complex was sufficient for Ts induction. In addition, this restriction was also demostrated in CBA (H-2 K) mice and for tolerance in the 1-chloro-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene contact sensitivity system using trinitrophenyl-modified lymphoid cells.
Molecular Probing of the HPV-16 E6 Protein Alpha Helix Binding Groove with Small Molecule Inhibitors (2016)

The human papillomavirus (HPV) HPV E6 protein has emerged as a central oncoprotein in HPV-associated cancers in which sustained expression is required for tumor progression. A majority of the E6 protein interactions within the human proteome use an alpha-helix groove interface for binding. The UBE3A/E6AP HECT domain ubiquitin ligase binds E6 at this helix-groove interface. This enables formation of a trimeric complex with p53, resulting in destruction of this tumor suppressor. While recent x-ray crystal structures are useful, examples of small molecule probes that can modulate protein interactions at this interface are limited. To develop insights useful for potential structure-based design of ligands for HPV E6, a series of 2,6-disubstituted benzopyranones were prepared and tested as competitive antagonists of E6-E6AP helix-groove interactions. These small molecule probes were used in both binding and functional assays to evaluate recognition features of the E6 protein. Evidence for an ionic functional group interaction within the helix groove was implicated by the structure-activity among the highest affinity ligands. The molecular topographies of these protein-ligand interactions were evaluated by comparing the binding and activities of single amino acid E6 mutants with the results of molecular dynamic simulations. A group of arginine residues that form a rim-cap over the E6 helix groove offer compensatory roles in binding and recognition of the small molecule probes. The flexibility and impact on the overall helix-groove shape dictated by these residues offer new insights for structure-based targeting of HPV E6.
HIGHLY SENSITIVE AND SPECIFIC POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ASSAYS FOR DETECTION OF BABOON AND PIG CELLS FOLLOWING XENOTRANSPLANTATION IN HUMANS (1996)

Pig and baboon xenotransplants in humans require assays that discriminate source from human cells to investigate engraftment and identify true infection of recipients with xenogeneic endogenous retroviruses. We developed two polymerase chain reaction assays that target a porcine-specific sequence in the beta-globin gene and a baboon-specific sequence in the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit II gene. The sensitivity and specificity of both assays were evaluated on DNA lysates from baboon, pig, and human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Both assays detected single cells in backgrounds of human DNA. Additionally, both assays were highly specific and yielded negative results in reactions containing only human DNA. The two assays reliably detected peripheral blood lymphocyte samples from 14 baboons and 16 pigs. The baboon- and pig-specific target sequences are gender independent and nonpolymorphic and allow universal applicability. The high sensitivity and specificity is of particular importance in assessing low-level engraftment in human xenotransplant chimeras.
[Pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration]. (2009)

Age-related macular degeneration is a multiform disease of the macula, the region responsible for detailed central vision. In recent years, plenty of new knowledge of the pathogenesis of this disease has been obtained, and the treatment of exudative macular degeneration has greatly progressed. The number of patients with age-related macular degeneration will multiply in the following decades, because knowledge of mechanisms of development of macular degeneration that could be subject to therapeutic measures is insufficient. Central underlying factors are genetic inheritance, exposure of the retina to chronic oxidative stress and accumulation of inflammation-inducing harmful proteins into or outside of retinal cells.
Application of non-linear H∞ control to the Tetrabot robot manipulator (1998)

Abstract In this paper, an application of a non-linear H ∞ control law for an industrial robot manipulator is presented. Control of the manipulator motion is formulated into a non-linear H ∞ optimization problem, namely optimal tracking performance in the presence of modelling uncertainties and external disturbances. Analytical solutions for this problem are implemented on a real robot. The robot under consideration is the six-degrees-of-freedom GEC Tetrabot. Investigations are made into the selection of weights for the H ∞ controller and it is shown how different selections of weights affect the Tetrabot performance. The authors believe this to be the first robotic application of nonlinear H ∞ control. Comparisons of the proposed control strategy with conventional proportional-derivative and proportional-integral-derivative controllers show favourable performance of the Tetrabot under the new non-linear H ∞ control scheme.
RC-3095, a Selective Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor Antagonist, Does Not Protect the Lungs in an Experimental Model of Lung Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (2015)

RC-3095, a selective GRPR antagonist, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties in different models of inflammation. However, its protective effect on lungs submitted to lung ischemia-reperfusion injury has not been addressed before. Then, we administrated RC-3095 intravenously before and after lung reperfusion using an animal model of lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) by clamping the pulmonary hilum. Twenty Wistar rats were subjected to an experimental model in four groups: SHAM, ischemia-reperfusion (IR), RC-Pre, and RC-Post. The final mean arterial pressure significantly decreased in IR and RC-Pre compared to their values before reperfusion (P < 0.001). The RC-Post group showed significant decrease of partial pressure of arterial oxygen at the end of the observation when compared to baseline (P = 0.005). Caspase-9 activity was significantly higher in the RC-Post as compared to the other groups (P < 0.013). No significant differences were observed in eNOS activity among the groups. The groups RC-Pre and RC-Post did not show any significant decrease in IL-1β (P = 0.159) and TNF-α (P = 0.260), as compared to IR. The histological score showed no significant differences among the groups. In conclusion, RC-3095 does not demonstrate a protective effect in our LIRI model. Additionally, its use after reperfusion seems to potentiate cell damage, stimulating apoptosis.
Navigation in surgery (2013)

With improved computer technology and a trend towards advanced information processing within hospitals, navigation is quickly becoming an integral part in the surgical routine of clinicians.