gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Appendix D: Stack Design (2013)

Appendix 3: Selecting Laboratory Stack Designs.Necessary measures must be taken to protect the laboratory building and adjacent buildings from reingestion of toxic laboratory chemical hood exhaust back into a building air supply system.The 10 ft (3.05 m) minimum stack height called for in the body of this standard is primarily intended to protect maintenance workers from direct contamination from the top of the stack.However, the minimum height of 10 ft is not enough by itself to guarantee that harmful contaminants would not be re-ingested.Similarly, a minimum 3000 fpm (15.3 m/s) exit velocity is specifi ed in the body of this standard, but this exit velocity does not guarantee that re-ingestion will not occur.This appendix describes general stack design guidelines and three analysis methods for determining an adequate stack design.The fi rst analysis method is termed the "Geometric" method, which ensures that the lower edge of an exhaust plume stays above the emitting building and associated zones of turbulent airfl ow.The geometric method is fully described here and is accompanied by an example.The second analysis method, briefl y described, predicts exhaust dilution at downwind locations.The dilution equations are not presented here but can be obtained from the ASHRAE Handbook -HVAC Applications .A dilution criterion is presented in this appendix to judge the adequacy of the predicted dilutions in minimizing re-ingestion.The third analysis method described is wind tunnel or water fl ume modeling. GENERAL GUIDELINESLaboratory chemical hood exhaust stacks should have vertical, unobstructed exhaust openings.The Building Air Intake and Exhaust Design chapter of the ASHRAE Handbook -HVAC Applications describes appropriate rain protection devices.Goosenecks, fl apper dampers, and rain caps are unacceptable as they defl ect the exhaust sideways or downward, making it much more likely that re-ingestion will occur.The stack must reach high enough to ensure that the exhaust plume is suffi ciently diluted when it reaches sensitive areas such as building air intakes, entrances, operable windows, and outdoor plazas.The appropriate stack height is a function of the plume height for the exhaust system being designed and the subsequent dispersion, or concentration levels at the aforementioned sensitive locations.The dispersion modeling process (numerical or physical modeling) is discussed in a later section.The plume rise should be calculated using the equations that compute plume rise versus downwind distance.If two exhaust systems give the same plume height at the same downwind distance, the dispersion and resulting concentration levels will be identical.It should be noted that by adding 5 to 10 ft to the stack height and decreasing the exit velocity, the same plume
In Vivo Confocal Microscopy in Dry Eye Disease Associated With Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease (2016)

In GVHD-associated DED, cellular changes in the cornea and conjunctiva observed by IVCM were similar to those seen in patients who have non-GVHD dry eye with the same level of disease severity. Therefore, corneal and conjunctival IVCM findings in GVHD-associated DED are possibly reflective of the local disease (DED) severity rather than the underlying systemic disease process.
Fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis: a possible role of comorbidities (2008)

Fatigue in patients with PBC was higher, but not always significantly, than in healthy controls. Comorbidities and depression might have played a role in its pathogenesis. Our data arouse doubts about the specificity of fatigue in PBC and the pathogenetic role of liver impairment.
Management of the neurologically deceased organ donor: A Canadian clinical practice guideline (2020)

KEY POINTS Demand for organs continues to exceed their availability, both in Canada and around the world.[1][1] Optimizing the medical management of potential organ donors is an important strategy for enhancing organ supply. The explicit goals for management of deceased organ donors in the intensive
A comparison of the efficacy of a live and four inactivated vaccine preparations for the protection of cats against experimental challenge with Chlamydia psittaci. (1980)

A commercial live feline-chlamydial vaccine and four experimental inactivated preparations were compared on the basis of clinical protection in cats challenged conjunctivally and intranasally with Chlamydia psittaci. Best protection was afforded by the live vaccine. Good results were also obtained using inactivated preparations of a recent feline conjunctival isolate. Protection did not correlate with the development of complement fixing antibodies but may be related to the induction of a cell mediated response as assessed by the lymphocyte blastogenesis test.
Inhibition of Glyoxalase-I Leads to Reduced Proliferation, Migration and Colony Formation, and Enhanced Susceptibility to Sorafenib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2019)

<b>Background:</b> Glyoxalase-I (Glo-I) is essential for detoxification of methylglyoxal (MGO), a byproduct of glycolysis. Overexpression of Glo-I has been linked to multi-drug resistance in cancer therapy. The aim of this study was to analyze Glo-I in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the effect of the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib on Glo-I. <b>Methods:</b> Expression and specific activity of Glo-I was measured in human HCC samples, HCC-cell lines (HepG2, Huh7) and a hepatocyte cell line (AML 12). Cells were either treated with Glo-I inhibitors, ethyl pyruvate (EP, 1-20 mM) and BrBzGSHCp2 (1-10 μM), or sorafenib (2.5-10 μM) and protein expression (Western Blot), proliferation (WST-assay), migration (scratch assay), and colony formation (clonogenic assay) were assessed. <b>Results:</b> High expression of Glo-I was detected in human HCC tissue samples. Huh7 showed highest expression and activity of Glo-I and revealed highest proliferation compared to AML 12 and HepG2. Targeting Glo-I by EP or BrBzGSHCp<sub>2</sub> led to significantly reduced proliferation (20 mM EP 24 h: 57 ± 12%), migration and colony formation. Glo-I inhibition by 20 mM EP resulted in reduced expression of PDGFR-β (18 ± 10%), VEGFR2 (46 ± 11%), VEGF (61 ± 10%), pERK/ERK (62 ± 6%), NF-κB (44 ± 12%) as well as stimulation of Nrf2 (243 ± 36%). Similar results were seen with BrBzGSHCp2. Sorafenib treatment revealed elevation of Glo-I (10 μM: 209 ± 25%) and MGO. Co-treatment of EP and sorafenib led to an additional reduction of proliferation compared to sorafenib alone. <b>Conclusion:</b> Glo-I is positively correlated with HCC proliferation. Inhibition of Glo-I reduced proliferation, migration, and colony formation. In turn, sorafenib increases Glo-I. Co-treatment using Glo-I inhibitors could enhance susceptibility of HCC to sorafenib.
A Commentary Remark on the Isothermal Crystallization of a Polyethylene Gel from the Stretched Molten State (Special Issue on Polymer Chemistry, V) (1968)

The isothermal crystallization of a polyethylene gel from the molten stretched state is briefly discussed in terms of the chain conformation.
Innenrücktitelbild: The Spider Orchid Caladenia crebra Produces Sulfurous Pheromone Mimics to Attract its Male Wasp Pollinator (Angew. Chem. 29/2017) (2017)

Mehrere (Methylthio)phenole aus der Spinnenorchidee Caladenia crebra wurden als Lockstoffe für Bestäuber identifiziert. Zugleich handelt sich bei ihnen um Sexualpheromone der Bestäuberwespe Campylothynnus flavopictus. Wie B. Bohman et al. in der Zuschrift auf S. 8575 ff. beschreiben, waren drei dieser Stoffe zuvor in der Natur unbekannt; sie wurden mithilfe detaillierter massenspektrometrischer Analysen und durch Synthesen charakterisiert. Ihre Aktivität wurde in umfassenden Bioassay-Experimenten in der Natur bestätigt.
Ichthyofaunal Assemblages of some Nigerian Rainforest Streams (2000)

The fish faunal assemblages of two first-order (Udom and Nung Oku), two second-order (Esedeke and Iba Oku) and one third-order (Ikpa) streams in Akwa Ibom State (southeastern Nigeria) were investigated. The fishes comprised a total of 55 species from 43 genera and 24 families. Ikpa stream had the highest taxa richness (40 species, 35 genera, 24 families) while Udom stream had the lowest (17 species, 15 genera, 10 families). Of fish species identified, only 8 were common to the five streams (Chromidotilapia guntheri, Hemichromis fasciatus, Thysochromis ansorgii, Epiplatys sexfasciatus, Malapterurus electricus, Brienomyrus brachyistius, Papyrocranus afer and Erpetoichthys calabaricus). Species richness and diversity increased with stream order. Diversity indices were relatively high whereas equitability (evenness) indices were low in all streams. Similarity indices were low except for the Udom-Nung Oku pair (72.22%) and Iba Oku-Esedeke (60.46%) pairs. Thus streams of the same order harboured similar fish faunal assemblages. The streams were acidic (reflecting the nature of the predominantly laterite soils of adjoining lands) except for Ikpa stream which was minimally alkaline. Journal of Aquatic Sciences Volume 15, April 2000, pp. 1-8 KEY WORDS: Fishes, check-list, stream-orders, southeastern Nigeria.
Complete surface control of peptide nanospheres with detachable and attachable polymer brush layers (2010)

The surfaces of biodegradable peptide nanospheres with density-controllable poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) brush layers were amenable to high levels of control, from hydrophilic 'stealth' properties to hydrophobic adsorptive properties depending on the PEG density in response to environmental conditions -'intelligent' properties that are expected to be useful for novel drug delivery systems.
Coregistration of Images From Diffusive Wave with Other Imaging Modalities to Enhance Optical Specificity (1996)

We propose an algorithm that combines the spatial resolution available from other imaging modalities, such as MRI, X-ray CT or ultrasound, with the specificity of optical tomography. The algorithm reduces the complexity of the inverse problem, and thus the number of measurements necessary for an accurate reconstruction. We describe the underlying theory and present simulation and experimental results.
Exploring generative 3D shapes using autoencoder networks (2017)

We propose a new algorithm for converting unstructured triangle meshes into ones with a consistent topology for machine learning applications. We combine the orthogonal depth map computation and the shrink wrapping approach to efficiently and robustly parameterize the triangle geometry regardless of imperfections such as inverted faces, holes, and self-intersections. The converted mesh is consistently and compactly parameterized and thus is suitable for machine learning. We use an autoencoder network to extract the manifold of shapes in the same category to explore and synthesize a variety of shapes. Furthermore, we introduce a direct manipulation interface to navigate the synthesis. We demonstrate our approach with over one thousand car shapes represented in unstructured triangle meshes.
Cache-aware user association in backhaul-constrained small cell networks (2014)

Anticipating multimedia file requests via caching at the small cell base stations (SBSs) of a cellular network has emerged as a promising technique for optimizing the quality of service (QoS) of wireless user equipments (UEs). However, developing efficient caching strategies must properly account for specific small cell constraints, such as backhaul congestion and limited storage capacity. In this paper, we address the problem of devising a user-cell association, in which the SBSs exploit caching capabilities to overcome the backhaul capacity limitations and enhance the users' QoS. In the proposed approach, the SBSs individually decide on which UEs to service based on both content availability and on the data rates they can deliver, given the interference and backhaul capacity limitations. We formulate the problem as a one-to-many matching game between SBSs and UEs. To solve this game, we propose a distributed algorithm, based on the deferred acceptance scheme, that enables the players (i.e., UEs and SBSs) to self-organize into a stable matching, in a reasonable number of algorithm iterations. Simulation results show that the proposed cell association scheme yields significant gains, reaching up to 21% improvement compared to a traditional cell association techniques with no caching considerations.
Known and New Emerging Viruses Infecting Blueberry (2021)

Blueberry (<i>Vaccinium</i> spp.) plants are exposed to existing and emerging viruses as a result of expanding acreage of blueberry plantations across the world, primarily in North America. Since blueberry is cultivated in areas where there are wild <i>Vaccinium</i> spp., there is increasing risk of virus movement between wild and cultivated blueberries. This is theoretically possible because viruses can spread from commercial cultivars to native species and vice versa causing the spread of existing and new viruses. The occurrence of these viruses in blueberry can be devastating to the industry considering the cost for cultivation and production of this perennial crop. However, the advent of high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic sequence analysis have allowed for rapid identification of known and novel viruses in any crop including blueberry, thus facilitating proper intervention in response to serious viral diseases. In this paper, we aim to focus on the current status of known and novel viruses emerging in blueberry worldwide, which may impact the blueberry industry.
O&GProfile : Automated attribution of GHGSat point source methane emissions detections to O&G infrastructures for site emissions profile analysis (Permian) (2023)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Methane emissions are the second leading cause of global warming. Because of the near-term warming potential of atmospheric methane, reducing its emissions will be essential to achieve the UNFCCC climate objectives. Reducing methane emissions from oil and gas operations is among the most cost-effective and efficient actions governments can take to meet global climate goals. In the &amp;quot;net zero emissions by 2050&amp;quot; scenario, methane emissions decline rapidly in the coming years, reaching this reduction potential by 2030. This is primarily a result of the rapid deployment of emission reduction measures and technologies, leading to the elimination of all technically avoidable methane emissions within this decade.&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;Current regulations are based on methane emissions figures from regional and national inventories. However, it has been shown repeatedly in the literature that these have a strong tendency to underestimate actual emission levels. In order to be able to move towards adapted and personalized regulations, it is necessary to aim at new methods -other than the current too generalized inventories- improving the current assessment of emission trends at the level of the whole O&amp;amp;G supply chain. Emission profiles should be estimated by operator, by type of O&amp;amp;G site, or by site infrastructures to design and to implement specific regulations.&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;In order to establish the most complete emission profiles possible - taking into account the current lack of continuous coverage - a maximum of measurements at various scales (satellite, UAVS, group) of methane emissions for a site or infrastructure should be collected by operator/site/infrastructure.&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;We therefore propose in this paper O&amp;amp;GProfile,an automatic method &amp;amp;#160;to associate GHGSat methane plume detections to detections from other satellite and airbone campaign already tagged by oil and gas sites type (Gathering &amp;amp; boosting, processing, production) and their respective operators. O&amp;amp;GProfile is based on the use of unsupervised machine learning methods for classification purposes,with automated correction of the classification results. By association of GHGsat data to tagged CarbonMapper and Gao data (method mame), our method provides an informed GHGSat dataset necessary to study profile of emissions by site and operators. The study of these site emissions profiles over the period 2020-2021 in the Delaware and Midland basins in the Permian also allows us to connect GHGSat detections to the Gao and carbon mapper detections.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
No founder effect in three novel Alzheimer's disease families with APP 717 Val-->Ile mutation. Clerget-darpoux. French Alzheimer's Disease Study Group. (1996)

We sequenced exons 16 and 17 of the APP (amyloid precursor protein) gene in 18 unrelated French Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. These patients had an onset before the age of 60 and belonged to families with autosomal dominant transmission of the disease. We detected the APP 717 Val-->Ile mutation in three out of 18 (16.6%) families. In these three families, all affected subjects had the APOE 3/3 genotype, but their ages of onset ranged from 38 to 60 years, indicating that factors other than the APOE genotype influence age of onset. Analysis of two polymorphic loci adjacent to the APP gene showed that at least two independent mutational events had occurred within these pedigrees, in spite of their origin in the same region of France.
Rapid detection and identification of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pini’‐related strains based on genomic markers present in 16S rRNA and tuf genes (2019)

Abstract In order to devise a method for rapid detection of ‘ Candidatus ( Ca .) Phytoplasma pini’ and for distinguishing it rapidly from other phytoplasmas, we carried out preliminary sequencing of Lithuanian ‘ Ca. Phytoplasma pini’ strain PineBL2 using Illumina (NGS) technology and targeted sequencing employing universal phytoplasma primers. We focused on two resulting chromosomal segments that contained a 16S rRNA gene and a translation elongation factor EF‐TU gene ( tuf ), respectively. Based on alignments of the ‘ Ca. Phytoplasma pini’ gene sequences with the corresponding sequences of other phytoplasmas, we designed new primer pairs for PCR‐based detection of ‘ Ca. Phytoplasma pini’. Because ‘ Ca. Phytoplasma pini’ strains are expected to reside in the pine phloem in a very low titre, one might expect that they could be detected only by nested PCR. By contrast, the primers and PCR protocols designed in the current work enabled rapid direct PCR detection and identification of ‘ Ca. Phytoplasma pini ’ by amplifying a 484 bp 16S rDNA segment and a 513 bp tuf gene fragment that contain regions unique to this phytoplasma .
Tissue ghrelin level and gastric emptying rate in adult patients with celiac disease (2008)

Celiac disease (CD) patients show a number of gastrointestinal motor abnormalities. Ghrelin, a gastric peptide implicated in short-term feeding control and long-term body weight regulation, has been recently considered a key regulator of gastric motility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the gastric emptying rate of solids and the density of ghrelin-immunopositive cells in adult CD patients before and at least 1 year after starting a gluten-free diet. Twenty CD patients (M 8/F 12; mean age 36 years) and 10 controls underwent endoscopy with gastric and duodenal biopsies and 13C-octanoic acid breath test to measure gastric emptying of solids. Celiac disease patients repeated the protocol at least 1 year after starting gluten-free diet. Ghrelin tissue levels were evaluated by immunohistochemistry on gastric mucosa specimens. Gastric emptying time was normal in all control subjects (t(1/2) = 89 +/- 16 min) while it was delayed in CD patients prior to gluten-free diet (t(1/2) = 252 +/- 101 min; P < 0.005). The mean number of ghrelin-positive cells/field (x 400) was 14.4 +/- 2.7 in controls and 25.3 +/- 5.7 in CD patients respectively (P < 0.0001). Gluten withdrawal was effective in normalizing gastric emptying time in all CD patients (97 +/- 14 min; P < 0.0001) and resulted in a significant reduction of the density of ghrelin-immunopositive cells (19.8 +/- 5.4; P < 0.0001). The density of ghrelin-positive cells correlated directly with the degree of duodenal damage (P < 0.001) and inversely with the body mass index of CD patients (P < 0.0001). However, in neither CD patients nor controls, a correlation between tissue ghrelin levels and gastric emptying rate was detected. In conclusion, tissue ghrelin level does not correlate with gastric emptying rate in adult CD patients and in controls.
1306 Multiresolution Mesh Modeling System for Efficient CAE (2006)

With the progress of 3D scanning technology and storing mesh data to 3D model databases, the use of the meshes obtained by scanning and DB querying in CAE have been strongly required in addition to those obtained from traditional meshing of solid models. In this paper, we introduce our multiresolution mesh modeling system that can satisfy above requirements. Our system includes the functions that allow us to use several kinds of meshes in the CAE ; mesh properties control, mesh density control, feature suppression, and mesh combining. The effective use of them in the CAE is also described.
Précis of "Evil Online" (2022)

Evil Online begins with the story of the ship Batavia that was wrecked off the coast of Western Australia early in the seventeenth century. 1 About 150 people survived the wreck to reach a deserted island. However, over the next few months, Jeronimus Cornelisz, imbued with ideas about being beyond good and evil and harboring mutinous motives from the start, led others on a reign of terror. They murdered most of the survivors, including many women and children. According to some of the few who lived to tell the tale, the murders often seemed to be done just for the fun of it.
Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and calcium overload in human lamina cribrosa cells from glaucoma donors. (2011)

Our data finds evidence of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired calcium extrusion in GLC cells compared to NLC cells and suggests their importance in the pathological changes occurring at the ONH in glaucoma. Future therapies may target reducing oxidative stress and / or [Ca(2+)](i).
Purification and Properties of Chlorophyllase from Greened Rye Seedlings1 (1982)

1. Chlorophyllase [EC 3.1.1.14] was extracted from the acetone-dried powder of the chloroplasts of greened rye seedlings with 1% cholate, and purified 870-fold with a yield of about 30%. The purification procedure was composed of fractionations with acetone and ammonium sulfate, and hydrophobic chromatography on a phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B column. 2. The purified enzyme was pure as analyzed by molecular-sieve chromatography and isoelectric electrophoresis. It had an isoelectric point of 4.5 and a molecular weight of 39,000. 3. The purified enzyme was stable at pH 6-9 and 4 degrees C. At pH 7.5, it was stable in the presence and absence of 30% acetone. However, at 30 degrees C, it was not stable above a 10% concentration of acetone. 4. The purified enzyme hydrolyzed chlorophylls a and b from spinach into chlorophyllides a and b and phytols, respectively; and bacteriochlorophyll a from Rhodospirillum rubrum into bacteriochlorophyllide a and a derivative of phytol, possibly all-trans-geranylgeraniol. The hydrolysis rates were stimulated to their maxima in the presence of 30% acetone; maximum stimulation was about 50% with bacteriochlorophyll a and about 400% with chlorophyll a. 5. At pH 7.5 and 30 degrees C in the presence of 30% acetone, the Km values and specific activities were 12 microM and 480 nmol . min-1 . mg-1 for chlorophylls a, and 4 microM and 170 nmol . min-1 . mg-1 for R. rubrum bacteriochlorophyll a, respectively.