gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and Applications of Sewage Sludge Biochar Modified by Ferrous Sulfate for Remediating Cr(VI)‐Contaminated Soils (2020)

Background . Soil contamination by hexavalent chromium is becoming a main environmental concern in China. This study developed a sewage sludge biochar modified by FeSO 4 (CHBC) as a new reductant for Cr(VI)‐contaminated soil. The effectiveness of CHBC‐stabilized Cr(VI)‐contaminated soil was investigated. Methods . Typical industrial Cr(VI)‐contaminated soil in China was chosen as the medium. The total and Cr(VI) contents of the contaminated soil were 1014.6 and 973.5 mg/kg, respectively. The effectiveness of the Cr(VI)‐contaminated soil stabilized by CHBC was investigated by the leaching test (US EPA method 1312), the simplified bioaccessibility extraction test (US EPA 2007 protocol and British Geological Survey), alkaline digestion (US EPA method 3060A), sequential extraction (BCR sequential extraction procedure), X‐ray diffraction, and the risk assessment code test. Results . Results show that CHBC substantially reduced the leachability and Cr(VI) content of the contaminated soil. The leachability and content of Cr(VI) were lower than the thresholds of the Environmental Quality Standards of Soil in China for civil reuse and the China Environmental Quality Standards of surface water for civil use when the soil was stabilized with 10% dosage of CHBC. Conclusion . CHBC is highly efficient in stabilizing Cr(VI) and can effectively reduce the leachability and bioavailability of Cr in contaminated soil and thus feasible for stabilizing Cr(VI)‐contaminated soil and shows potential for application in the field.
Depletion of Biocidal Iodine in a Stainless Steel Water System (1994)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Iodine depletion in a simulated water storage tank and distribution system was examined to support a larger research program aimed at developing disinfection methods for spacecraft potable water systems. The main objective of this study was to determine the rate of iodine depletion with respect to the surface area of the stainless steel components contacting iodinated water. Two model configurations were tested. The first, representing a storage and distribution system, consisted of a stainless steel bellows tank, a coil of stainless steel tubing and valves to isolate the components. The second represented segments of a water distribution system and consisted of eight individual lengths of 21-6-9 stainless tubing similar to that used in the Shuttle Orbiter. The tubing has a relatively high and constant surface area to volume ratio (S/V) and the bellows tank a lower and variable S/V. The test apparatus was cleaned and filled with a 10 mg/L iodine solution prepared with distilled-deionized water. Sampling from the tank, coil, and the series of tubes was performed periodically, and the major iodine species were monitored to determine the rate of decay of iodine and its fate in the system.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Results of this study show that the iodine demand of stainless steel was significant. Decay rates were higher than anticipated in tubing that had not been previously exposed to iodine. The iodine (I&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) concentration in the tank contents decreased to less than 1 mg/L in 10 weeks, whereas none was detected in water from the tubes after 1 week. Also, trace metals were measured in the samples by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and found to increase with contact time. A subsequent attempt to passivate the inside surface of the tubing via a 4-hour soak with 30 mg/L iodinated water reduced the rate but did not eliminate iodine loss. Ramifications of these findings to the current Shuttle potable water system and the design of spacecraft water systems in general are discussed.&lt;/div&gt;
Syntheses of some hydroxylated metabolites of psychotropic trifluoromethyl analogs of chlorpromazine (1981)

Abstract The syntheses of 7‐hydroxy derivatives of trifluoperazine, nor,‐trifluoperazine, fluphenazine, triflupromazine and nor,‐triflupromazine are described. These were prepared as analytical standards for the identification of these metabolites in biological materials.
The impact ofADRB2polymorphisms on immune responses and norepinephrine-induced immunosuppression (2023)

Common nonsynonymous variants in the ADRB2 gene influence neither ex vivo cytokine production or norepinephrine-mediated immunosuppression nor the systemic in vivo inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide administration in healthy volunteers.
<title>Secret and public key authentication watermarking schemes that resist vector quantization attack</title> (2000)

In previous work, Wong had proposed both secret key and public key watermarking schemes for image authentication that can detect and localized any change made to a watermarked image. The techniques proposed were block-based, that is, they partitioned the image into non-overlapping blocks and separately authenticated each block. Subsequently, Holliman and Memon observed that many block based watermarking schemes are vulnerable to substitution attacks. They specifically showed that the Wong schemes can be attacked using a 'vector quantization' (VQ) approach. This attack exploits that fact that if a sufficient number of images containing the same watermark bitmap is available, then one can use a VQ-like technique to forge a watermark into a new image. About the same time and independently, Coppersmith et al. proposed to use overlapping blocks to resist this attack. Although this method can make the attack inefficient, it does so with a significant loss of the localization property of the watermark. We extend in this paper the Wong schemes so that the resulting algorithms can resist the VQ attack and at the same time provide the same localization property in the watermark as the original schemes. The key idea is to insert a unique image-dependent block ID into the watermarking process so that the VQ attack will not have a rich enough 'codebook' to forge the watermark.
Detecting separation pre-cursors using on-board optical tracking of flexible pillar sensors (2022)

A novel approach for characterising specific flow phenomena unique to incipient stall in real-time on small scale UAVs and aerodynamic systems operating at low to medium Reynolds numbers is introduced. Flexible pillar sensors emanating from the suction side of an aerofoil of length approx. 3% of chord length are installed on a NACA0012 and tested at City, University of London's wind-tunnel facilities. The sensors are tracked in real-time using a high-speed camera in a simulated 'on-board' position, acting as ‘digital tufts’, and the results subsequently processed. The results show the pillars reacting to specific flow phenomena that are unique to incipient stall, and scale with angle of incidence. Namely, these are low-frequency oscillations of local streamwise velocity components which are hypothesised to be resulting from quasi-periodic vortex shedding/shear layer flapping from the breathing of the laminar separation bubble over the suction side.
Rendering Procedural Terrain by Geometry Image Warping (2004)

We describe an approach for rendering large terrains in real-time. A digital elevation map defines the rough shape of the terrain. During rendering, procedural geometric and texture detail is added by the graphics hardware. We show, how quad meshes can be generated quickly that have a locally varying resolution that is optimized for the inclusion of procedural detail.We obtain these distorted meshes by importance based warping of geometry images. The resulting quad mesh can then be rendered very efficiently by graphics hardware, which also adds all visible procedural detail using vertex and fragment programs.
Aethionema arabicum: a novel model plant to study the light control of seed germination (2019)

The timing of seed germination is crucial for seed plants and is coordinated by internal and external cues, reflecting adaptations to different habitats. Physiological and molecular studies with lettuce and Arabidopsis thaliana have documented a strict requirement for light to initiate germination and identified many receptors, signaling cascades, and hormonal control elements. In contrast, seed germination in several other plants is inhibited by light, but the molecular basis of this alternative response is unknown. We describe Aethionema arabicum (Brassicaceae) as a suitable model plant to investigate the mechanism of germination inhibition by light, as this species has accessions with natural variation between light-sensitive and light-neutral responses. Inhibition of germination occurs in red, blue, or far-red light and increases with light intensity and duration. Gibberellins and abscisic acid are involved in the control of germination, as in Arabidopsis, but transcriptome comparisons of light- and dark-exposed A. arabicum seeds revealed that, upon light exposure, the expression of genes for key regulators undergo converse changes, resulting in antipodal hormone regulation. These findings illustrate that similar modular components of a pathway in light-inhibited, light-neutral, and light-requiring germination among the Brassicaceae have been assembled in the course of evolution to produce divergent pathways, likely as adaptive traits.
A heterotopic cardiac transplantation model for evaluation of rejection using transvenous endomyocardial biopsy. (1990)

A model of heterotopic cardiac transplantation for diagnosis of rejection is described. Heterotopic cardiac transplantations were performed in the thorax using the left innominate artery as an arterial supply with venous return into the superior vena cava. Six pairs of mongrel dogs underwent cardiac transplantation using this technique. Two dogs died postoperatively on the 2nd and 3rd day due to respiratory failure. Another four donor hearts arrested their beats in 6 to 8 postoperative days (mean 6.3 days) resulting from acute cardiac rejection. Serial echocardiographic recordings were found to be a reliable measure of acute cardiac rejection, since the left ventricular wall thickness of the donor heart increased until the donor heart stopped by rejection. Endomyocardial biopsy was easy to perform by passage of flexible cardiac biotome into the right ventricle of the donor and the recipient heart through the right internal jugular vein. Pathological findings revealed that early changes of the donor heart were interstitial edema caused by myocardial ischemia. This was followed by lymphocyte infiltration around peripheral coronary arteries and acute rejection resulting in myocyte necrosis.
Now You Smell Perfume : The Social Drama of Politics in the 1920s (2006)

Abstract This chapter discusses the antisuffragists' apocalyptic predictions of the doomsday that would arrive in the South if women received the vote and explains that social order would collapse in the wake of woman suffrage, as it threatened to bring “Negro Domination” and the ruing of the white southern family. It observes that while the “antis”' most dramatic claims failed to materialize, the sudden influx of women into public politics transformed the social drama of politics and challenged the supremacy of white males in ways that many antisuffragists had predicted with dread. The chapter observes further that the Nineteenth Amendment blurred the lines of gender and race that were so central to the order of Jim Crow South, as white and black women embraced their new status as voters.
New Farnesane‐Type Sesquiterpenes, Hedychiols A and B 8,9‐Diacetate, and Inhibitors of Degranulation in RBL‐2H3 Cells from the Rhizome of Hedychium coronarium. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Weaning Date for Spring Calving Cows Grazing Sandhills Range (2002)

Malignant liver cancer is characterized by rapid tumour progression and a high mortality rate, whereas the molecular mechanisms underlying liver cancer initiation and progression are still poorly understood. The dynamic and reversible RNA modifications have crucial functions in gene expression regulation by modulating RNA processing and mRNA translation. Emerging evidence has revealed that alterations in RNA modifications facilitate the selective translation of oncogenic transcripts and promote the diverse tumorigenic processes of liver cancer. In this Review, we first highlight the current progress on the functions and mechanisms underlying RNA modifications in the regulation of mRNA translation and then summarize the exciting discoveries on aberrant RNA modification-mediated mRNA translation in the regulation of tumour initiation, metastasis, metabolism, tumour microenvironment, and drug and radiotherapy resistance in liver cancer. Finally, we discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic potentials of targeting RNA modifications and mRNA translation for the clinical management of liver cancer.
Matrix Metalloproteinases as Valid Clinical Target (2006)

The matrix metalloproteinase family of enzymes has been a pharmaceutical target for over 20 years. In that time, many drugs have been developed but none have successfully passed clinical trials. A significant problem has been development of dose-limiting side-effects that were revealed during long-term clinical trials in diseases such as arthritis and various cancers. There are, however, other clinical settings where evidence for MMP function contributing to the pathophysiology of disease is strong. A number of these settings will be discussed here together with evidence from animal models that MMP inhibition is a valid strategy to be considered. A major advantage with many of these settings is that drug exposure may not have to be long-term and/or systemic thus reducing the possibility that side-effects will stymie MMPI-based therapy.
Surface Area and Exchange Capacity Relation in a Florida Kaolinite (1960)

In connection with the study of certain properties of clay‐water systems, an investigation was made of the exchange behavior‐surface area relations of a series of controlled particle‐size (monodisperse) fractions of a domestic kaolin. Surface areas were estimated by application of the Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller theory to low‐temperature nitrogen adsorption isotherms. Similar estimates were made based on room‐temperature water adsorption isotherms. Exchange behavior was studied using direct quantitative techniques involving the exchange of divalent manganese. Good correlation was found to exist between the computed Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller areas and the exchange capacities over the particle‐size range 10 to 0.05 μ, equivalent spherical diameter. These results suggest that the exchange behavior in kaolinites is primarily a surface phenomenon and does not depend on isomorphous substitutions.
On the mitigation of wind turbine clutter for weather radars using range‐Doppler spectral processing (2013)

The unwanted return signals from wind turbines can contaminate the weather‐radar data that are used by forecasters and automatic algorithms to issue forecast and warnings for severe weather. Since wind turbines have moving components that generate return signals with non‐zero Doppler velocity, traditional ground clutter filters are ineffective at removing wind turbine clutter (WTC). In this study, a WTC mitigation algorithm using the range‐Doppler spectrum is developed and tested with simulated weather and WTC signals. Once the general locations of the WTC contamination are known, the proposed range‐Doppler regression (RDR) algorithm exploits the spatial continuity of weather signals in the range domain to mitigate the WTC contamination while retaining as much weather signal as possible. In contrast to other proposed mitigation algorithms, the RDR algorithm is suited for real‐time implementation on typical operational weather radars. Simulated data are used to optimise the parameters of the algorithm and evaluate its performance for stratiform‐ and convective‐precipitation cases with different degrees of WTC contamination. Finally, a real data case is processed to illustrate the RDR algorithm's effectiveness. The results show that the RDR algorithm has the potential to effectively reduce the bias in spectral‐moment estimates caused by WTC contamination in an operational environment.
Deep Time Growing Neural Network vs Convolutional Neural Network for Intelligent Phonocardiography (2022)

This paper explores the capabilities of a sophisticated deep learning method, named Deep Time Growing Neural Network (DTGNN), and compares its possibilities against a generally well-known method, Convolutional Neural network (CNN). The comparison is performed by using time series of the heart sound signal, so-called Phonocardiography (PCG). The classification objective is to discriminate between healthy and patients with cardiac diseases by applying a deep machine learning method to PCGs. This approach which is called intelligent phonocardiography has received interest from the researchers toward the development of a smart stethoscope for decentralized diagnosis of heart disease. It is found that DTGNN associates further flexibility to the approach which enables the classifier to learn subtle contents of PCG, and meanwhile better copes with the complexities intrinsically that exist in the medical applications such as the imbalance training. The structural risk of the two methods is compared using the A-Test method.
On the polarization diversity gain using the ORIOL antenna in fading environments (2005)

This paper presents a new reconfigurable radiating structure that exploits polarization diversity from a single-element antenna. Simulations on the polarization diversity gain have been carried out for indoor and outdoor cells. The results show that the proposed diversity combining scheme, although simple, can in fact provide considerable improvements in the selection diversity gain when used together with the compact octagonal reconfigurable isolated orthogonal element (ORIOL) antenna.
Urea Hydrolysis and Ammonia Volatilization from Some Urea Based Fertilizers Applied to Rice (1995)

Field experiments were carried out in replicated microplots (1 m × 1 m) with rice (cv. Pathara) to study urea hydrolysis using several urea based N-fertilizer sources, viz. gypsum coated urea (GCU), urea nitrophosphate (UNP) (19-19-0), urea nitrophosphale (UNP) (27-9-0), urea super granule (USG), prilled urea (PU) + encapsulated calcium carbide (ECC) along with PU, FYM with no nitrogen (control). Urea tagged with 15N (10% a.e.) was also applied to rice grown in polyethylene enclosed microplots. Results indicated highly significant grain yield response due to all urea based N-jertilizers, among which usa and PU (applied in two splits) could be rated as the most efficient sources of N. Based on measured ammonia volatilization loss, NH2-N concentration in flood water and soil solution (following fertilizer application); urea hydrolysis was observed to be faster in the case of PU, usa, PU + ECC and UNP (19-19-0) than in the case of GCU and UNP (27-9-0) treatments. Based on the 15N tagged prilled urea experiment, it is observed that about 24 per cent of fertilizer nitrogen was utilized by the crop in closed system as compared to 18 per cent in naturalfree system. About 6–7 per cent of nitrogen got volatilized, 40–48 per cent of nitrogen remained in soil in complex form and 23 per cent of nitrogen was lost either through leaching and! or denitrification in the closed system.
Verbal and nonverbal cues in the perception of lying. (1978)

Two experiments examined strategies observers use to see through self-presentations. In the first, five male actor subjects lied or told the truth in simulated job interviews. Forty-one observers were moderately accurate in judging the actors' truthfulness. Actors were consistently good or poor liars, but judges were not consistently good or poor. When actors lied, they gave less plausible, shorter answers with longer latencies. Observers seemed to use the plausibility and latency, as well as an answer's vagueness and consistency and an actor's smiling, postural shifting, and grooming, to determine whether he was lying. The second study experimentally manipulated the content of an answer and a nonverbal cue. Observers were more likely to judge a female job applicant as lying when her answers were self-serving. A long hesitation before an answer made observers more suspicious of an already self-serving answer and more certain of the truth of an already forthright one.
Complete clearance of actinic keratosis with tirbanibulin ointment 1% is not correlated with the severity of local skin reactions (2022)

N/A
LiFi reference channel models: office, home, hospital (2015)

Purpose To introduce reference channel models for the evaluation of different PHY proposals. Notice This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material.
Model Identification for the A/F Path of an SI Engine (1997)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Modern model-based control schemes and their application on different engines need mathematical models for the various dynamic subsystems of interest. Here, the fuel path of an SI engine is investigated. When the engine speed and the throttle angle are kept constant, the fuel path is excited only by the fuel injected. Taking the NO concentration of the exhaust gas as a measure for the air/fuel ratio, models are derived for the wall-wetting dynamics, the gas mixture, as well as for the air/fuel ratio sensor. When only the spark advance is excited, the gas flow dynamics can be studied.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A very fast NO measurement device is used as reference. Its time constant is below the segment time of one single cylinder (180° crank angle for a 4-cylinder engine), therefore its dynamics are much faster than the time constants of the systems investigated.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A model structure considering the muliplexing effects of the discrete operation of an engine is given for the fuel path of a BMW 1.8 liter engine. The exhaust system of this engine is specially designed such that all distances from each exhaust valve to the confluence point are equal.&lt;/div&gt;
Digital Mammography Device for Mobile Mammography Complex (2021)

The results of the development of a mammographic unit with a digital flat-panel detector designed for for installation in a mobile medical X-ray room are presented.The mammographic unit with a digital flat-panel detector is designed for screening and other specialized mammographic examinations, provides the ability to perform full-format raster (using a screening raster) mammography, X-ray of the armpits.