gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling waveguide couplers with an explicit FDTD discrete-surface integral method (1997)

A nonorthogonal time-domain full-wave solver of Maxwell's equations was implemented based on the discrete surface integral (DSI) technique. Closed-form expressions were derived for the coefficients used in the time-advancing scheme, in order that the DSI technique could be applied as an explicit generalized finite-difference-time-domain (FDTD) procedure. The FDTD-DSI scheme was employed to investigate the wave-propagation characteristics in multihole waveguide couplers. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 15: 208–213, 1997.
The phosphatidylinositol 3‐phosphate‐binding FYVE finger (2002)

The FYVE zinc finger domain is conserved from yeast (five proteins) to man (27 proteins). It functions in the membrane recruitment of cytosolic proteins by binding to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P), which is found mainly on endosomes. Here we review recent work that sheds light on the targeting of FYVE finger proteins to PI3P-containing membranes, and how these proteins serve to regulate multiple cellular functions.
Intramedullary and extramedullary B lymphopoiesis in osteopetrotic mice (2000)

Adult bone marrow is a major site for hematopoiesis, and reduction of the bone marrow cavity induces hematopoiesis in extramarrow tissues. To investigate the rudimentary intramarrow and the compensatory extramarrow hematopoiesis, particularly B lymphopoiesis, we used 3 osteopetrotic mouse strains [op/op, mi/mi, and Fos (-/-)], which are severely deficient in functional osteoclasts and therefore form inadequate bone marrow cavities. We found that bone marrow in these osteopetrotic mice supports myelopoiesis but not B lymphopoiesis, although cells that have the potential to differentiate into B lineage cells are present in the bone marrow. Although B lymphopoiesis normally occurs both in the spleen and liver of newborn mice, compensatory B lymphopoiesis in adult op/op and mi/mi mice is observed only in the liver, while myelopoiesis is enhanced in both organs. Interestingly, mice lacking the Fos proto-oncogene exhibit B lymphopoiesis in the spleen as well as liver. The amounts of expression of steel factor, Flt3/Flk-2 ligand, and interleukin-7 in the bone marrow, spleen, or liver were not significantly affected in these osteopetrotic mutants. These findings suggest that the volume of the bone marrow cavity regulates B lymphopoiesis without affecting the production of certain hematopoietic growth factors. The splenic microenvironments that support both myelopoiesis and B lymphopoiesis in the neonatal stage are lost in adults and are not reactivated even in the osteopetrotic adults unless the Fos gene is disrupted.
Architecture (1998)

Uniting commodity processors by the thousands, &#13;\nemerging parallel architectures promise solutions to&#13;\ncomplex calculations—at least until the laws of physics&#13;\nimpose a fundamental barrier to human innovation.
Targeting the Ribose and Phosphate Binding Site of p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP) Kinase: Synthesis and Biological Testing of 2-Alkylsulfanyl-, 4(5)-Aryl-, 5(4)-Heteroaryl-Substituted Imidazoles (2008)

Three series of substituted 2-alkylsulfanyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)imidazoles, 5-pyridinyl-, 1-methyl-5-pyridinyl-, and 5-(2-aminopyridin-4-yl)-imidazoles, were prepared and tested for their ability to inhibit p38 MAP kinase and TNF-alpha release. These compounds were prepared by using different synthetic routes. They were tested by applying a nonradioactive p38 MAP kinase assay and by measurement of TNF-alpha release in human whole blood. Potent inhibitors (IC50 values in the low nanomolar range, as low as 2 nM in the enzyme assay and 37 nM in the human whole blood test) were identified by variation of substituents at the imidazole- C2-thio position as well as at the 2-aminopyridinyl functionality. In contrast to other known kinase inhibitors, these novel imidazole derivatives with the substituents at the imidazole-C2-thio position may interact with the ribose as well as with the phosphate binding site of the p38 MAP kinase.
Neo-Transmitter Using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Method for Wireless Smart Sensors (2008)

The wireless smart sensors have been proposed not only for high-risk and chronically ill patients but also in the healthcare field. The radio frequency (RF) transmitter is necessary to fabricate wireless smart sensors. This paper presents a proposal of the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) RF transmitter using pulse width modulation (PWM) method. The major advantage of the PWM is a performance with low consumption power. In this paper, we designed and simulated the circuitry for the transmitter. The proposed transmitter consists of pulse width modulator, oscillator and on-chip antenna. With the transmitter using PWM method, it will be possible that wireless smart sensor perform with lower power consumption than the RF transmitter using conventional ring oscillator.
CHAPTER 12. Effect of Coffee on Weight Management (2019)

Overweight and obesity have become a serious health concern in Western countries from the 1980s. Numerous weight management strategies combine lifestyle modifications regarding diet and exercise with dietary supplements. Coffee extracts, caffeinated or not, have been used as weight-reducing nutraceuticals for more than 15 years. However, few clinical studies have been performed and several clinical biases do not allow easy conclusions concerning the biological effects of this food. Meanwhile, many in vivo, in vitro or epidemiological studies have pointed out that coffee, caffeine, decaffeinated coffee or chlorogenic acids could be used as slimming agents. This chapter reviews and discusses results which could explain caffeine, coffee or decaffeinated coffee effect on body weight. Epidemiological, in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies which could explain the slimming effect were reviewed and putative mechanisms of action involved in different works are discussed.
Effectiveness of solar shading for an office building. Final report (1984)

The impact of solar shading of windows on building energy consumption, energy costs and occupant comfort is examined for a typical office building. Measurements of the solar and thermal performance characteristics of three solar screens are reported. Using the DOE-2 computer program, annual building energy simulations were performed for seven climatic locations in the United States. Thirteen combinations of window thermal transmittance and shading coefficient are examined for each location. The analysis includes separate evaluations for buildings with all-year cooling and summer-only cooling. The results indicate that solar shading can reduce building energy consumption and improve comfort conditions in buildings with significant cooling loads. The optimum shading device characteristics vary with climatic location.
Initiation Sites Are Distributed at Frequent Intervals in the Chinese Hamster Dihydrofolate Reductase Origin of Replication but Are Used with Very Different Efficiencies (2002)

Previous radiolabeling and two-dimensional (2-D) gel studies of the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) domain of Chinese hamster cells have suggested that replication can initiate at any one of a very large number of inefficient sites scattered throughout the 55-kb intergenic spacer region, with two broad subregions (ori-beta and ori-gamma) preferred. However, high-resolution analysis by a PCR-based nascent strand abundance assay of the 12-kb subregion encompassing ori-beta has suggested the presence of a relatively small number of fixed, highly efficient initiation sites distributed at infrequent intervals that correspond to genetic replicators. To attempt to reconcile these observations, two different approaches were taken in the present study. In the first, neutral-neutral 2-D gel analysis was used to examine replication intermediates in 31 adjacent and overlapping restriction fragments in the spacer, ranging in size from 1.0 to 18 kb. Thirty of 31 fragments displayed the complete bubble arcs characteristic of centered origins. Taking into account overlapping fragments, these data suggest a minimum of 14 individual start sites in the spacer. In the second approach, a quantitative early labeled fragment hybridization assay was performed in which radioactive origin-containing DNA 300 to 1,000 nucleotides in length was synthesized in the first few minutes of the S period and used to probe 15 clones distributed throughout the intergenic spacer but separated on average by more than 1,000 bp. This small nascent DNA fraction hybridized to 14 of the 15 clones, ranging from just above background to a maximum at the ori-beta locus. The only silent region detected was a small fragment lying just upstream from a centered matrix attachment region--the same region that was also negative for initiation by 2-D gel analysis. Results of both approaches suggest a minimum of approximately 20 initiation sites in the spacer (two of them being ori-beta and ori-gamma), with ori-beta accounting for a maximum of approximately 20% of initiations occurring in the spacer. We believe that the results of all experimental approaches applied to this locus so far can be fitted to a model in which the DHFR origin consists of a 55-kb intergenic zone of potential sites that are used with very different efficiencies and which are separated in many cases by a few kilobases or less.
Entamoeba histolytica DNA Detection in Serum from Patients with Suspected Amoebic Liver Abscess (2020)

Amoebic liver abscess (ALA) is regularly seen in travelers or immigrants from tropical countries. The diagnosis relies on liver imaging that is not specific and on the detection of anti-<i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> antibodies, which cannot distinguish an acute from a former infection. We tested whether <i>E. histolytica</i> DNA detection in serum can improve the diagnosis of ALA. We retrospectively tested available serum samples taken from patients with ALA and non-ALA space-occupying lesions of the liver between 1 January 2010 and 30 November 2019. The quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay tested specifically amplifies a 99-bp fragment of the small-subunit rRNA gene of <i>E. histolytica</i> We analyzed 76 samples (19 ALA and 57 non-ALA samples) collected from 76 patients within 6 days before and after the antiamoebic treatment. Serum qPCR results were positive for 17 of 19 ALA patients and for none of the control patients (sensitivity and specificity were 89.5% and 100%, respectively). In parallel, the sensitivity and specificity of anti-<i>E. histolytica</i> antibody detection were 100% and 89.5%, respectively. The two false-negative qPCR results may be explained by ongoing metronidazole treatment or a possible persistent seropositivity that was not caused by the current liver abscess. Additionally, of 12 abscess pus aspirates (5 from ALA and 7 from non-ALA samples) tested, 5 were qPCR positive and 7 were qPCR negative, with concordant results in serum. This study demonstrates that cell-free circulating <i>E. histolytica</i> DNA can be detected in serum in ALA. This may assist in both positive diagnoses and treatment efficacy follow-up. The origin of this circulating DNA remains to be investigated.
Hepatocyte CD36 modulates UBQLN1-mediated proteasomal degradation of autophagic SNARE proteins contributing to septic liver injury (2023)

Macroautophagy/autophagy plays a protective role in sepsis-induced liver injury. As a member of class B scavenger receptors, CD36 plays important roles in various disorders, such as atherosclerosis and fatty liver disease. Here we found that the expression of CD36 in hepatocytes was increased in patients and a mouse model with sepsis, accompanied by impaired autophagy flux. Furthermore, hepatocyte <i>cd36</i> knockout (<i>cd36</i>-HKO) markedly improved liver injury and the impairment of autophagosome-lysosome fusion in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic mice. <i>Ubqln1</i> (ubiquilin 1) overexpression (OE) in hepatocyte blocked the protective effect of <i>cd36</i>-HKO on LPS-induced liver injury in mice. Mechanistically, with LPS stimulation, CD36 on the plasma membrane was depalmitoylated and distributed to the lysosome, where CD36 acted as a bridge molecule linking UBQLN1 to soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins and hence promoting the proteasomal degradation of SNARE proteins, resulting in fusion impairment. Overall, our data reveal that CD36 is essential for modulating the proteasomal degradation of autophagic SNARE proteins in a UBQLN1-dependent manner. Targeting CD36 in hepatocytes is effective for improving autophagic flux in sepsis and therefore represents a promising therapeutic strategy for clinical treatment of septic liver injury.<b>Abbreviations:</b> AAV8: adeno-associated virus 8; AOSC: acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis; ATP1A1: ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting, alpha 1 polypeptide; CASP3: caspase 3; CASP8: caspase 8; CCL2: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2; <i>cd36</i>-HKO: hepatocyte-specific <i>cd36</i> knockout; Co-IP: co-immunoprecipitation; CQ: chloroquine; Cys: cysteine; GOT1: glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1, soluble; GPT: glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, soluble; IL1B: interleukin 1 beta; IL6: interleukin 6; KO: knockout; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; LYPLA1: lysophospholipase 1; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; OE: overexpression; qPCR: quantitative polymerase chain reaction; SNAP29: synaptosome associated protein 29; SNARE: soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; STX17: syntaxin 17; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; TRIM: tripartite motif-containing; UBA: ubiquitin-associated; UBL: ubiquitin-like; UBQLN: ubiquilin; VAMP8: vesicle associated membrane protein 8; WT: wild-type.
Fast-OFDM With Index Modulation for NB-IoT (2019)

In this letter, a hybrid orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-based modulation technique for narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is introduced and analyzed. The technique combines fast-OFDM with index modulation in order to maximize bandwidth and power efficiency for IoT applications. The ideal number of active subcarriers to maximize spectral efficiency is derived. The one-dimensional constellation used in fast-OFDM is also optimized to enhance error performance of the proposed system. Numerical results indicate that the proposed system outperforms other OFDM systems based on index modulation in the relatively low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region, while it provides additional design options for trading off power efficiency and spectral efficiency in the higher SNR region.
Vertically Oriented Femoral Neck Fractures: A Biomechanical Comparison of 3 Fixation Constructs (2017)

The biomechanical performance of the CHS fixation method was superior to both the CS fixation method and the IT fixation method using a synthetic femoral model and this test protocol. Biomechanical performance of the latter 2 groups was indistinguishable. We recommend the use of CHS with the derotational screw construct for Pauwels III femoral neck fractures whenever possible.
Kat-ARC accelerated 4D flow CMR: clinical validation for transvalvular flow and peak velocity assessment (2022)

Kat-ARC accelerated 4D flow CMR quantified transvalvular flow in accordance with the conservation of mass principle and is primed for clinical translation.
The development of a multi-ethnic, low literacy caretaker support programme for the primary prevention of child abuse and neglect in children under five years (2004)

The article descriptionbes the development of a support programme for the primary prevention of child abuse and neglect iii children under five years, suitable for multiethnic, low literacy caretakers. It places it in the context of international parent-support programmes, and the realities of parenting in South Africa. It descriptionbes the principles on which the programme is based, objectives, development of the teaching sessions and the supportive graphics.
Integrals of Relay Feedback Responses (2006)

The relay feedback method is now widely used in tuning proportional-integral-derivative controllers automatically. It usually uses point data such as the oscillation amplitude. As in the step response method which uses areas instead of point data, area and moment data of relay feedback response can also be used to extract process information. Here we propose identification methods involving various integrals of the conventional relay response and show their merits. Equations are very simple and can be applied easily to cheap commercial controllers
The suppression of chromatic dispersion fluctuation in chalcogenide hybrid microstructured optical fibers and their parametric amplification performance (2016)

New chalcogenide hybrid microstructured optical fibers with second cladding layers were proposed to suppress the fluctuation of near-zero and flattened chromatic dispersion and the fluctuation of broad FOPA gain spectra caused by the fiber structure fluctuation.
An approach to integrate workflow modeling and organization modeling in an enterprise (2002)

In this paper we introduce a framework for enterprise modeling. We specifically introduce the tasks process modeling (workflow modeling) and organization modeling. Processes describe the activities which have to be performed in an enterprise; an organization describes the people and organizational structure of an enterprise. Although these two tasks are independent in principle, they have to be integrated eventually in order to assign organizational elements (e.g. people) to processes. This paper presents a general model for process and organization modeling and shows a script language of a prototype system. The architecture of that prototype is briefly discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Polymorphisms of the interleukin‐1 β gene are associated with increased risk of non‐small cell lung cancer (2004)

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Tobacco smoking is the main risk factor for lung cancer. Less than 20% of smokers develop lung cancer in their lifetime, however, indicating individual variations in lung cancer risk. Pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by inflammatory cells have been associated with inflammatory diseases and cancer. The IL1B gene, encoding IL-1beta cytokine, contains several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Two of these are in the promoter region, at positions -511 (C-T) and -31 (T-C). These polymorphisms have been associated with increased risk of developing a number of inflammatory diseases and gastric carcinoma. We genotyped the 2 polymorphisms in 251 non-small cell lung cancer patients from Norway and 272 healthy controls chosen from the general Norwegian population. The T allele at the -31 SNP (p = 0.01) and C allele at -511 SNP (p < 0.01) were over represented in lung cancer cases. The homozygote subjects were particularly at higher risk of lung cancer with odds ratio of 2.39 (95% CI = 1.29-4.44) for -31T/T and 2.51 (95% CI = 1.47-4.58) for -511C/C genotypes. In view of the significance of the p53 gene in lung carcinogenesis, we also analyzed the IL1B genotypes in relation to p53 mutations in the tumors. The results indicated that subjects having homozygote genotypes were more likely to have a mutation in the p53 gene (p = 0.05). This is the first study to provide evidence for an association of 1L1B gene polymorphisms with lung cancer risk.
Pulsed power modulators for surface treatment by plasma immersion ion implantation (2004)

The treatment of surfaces by plasma immersion ion implantation requires pulsed power modulators to provide negative high voltage pulses. To achieve this requirement, we have developed three basic circuit configurations in our laboratory: pulse forming network (PFN), hard-tube pulser (HT) and Blumlein line. In this paper we discuss these three types of circuit topologies.As experimental results, first we present the voltage/current characteristic waveforms of PFN and HT pulsers in the PIII treatment of different materials (aluminum, silicon and stainless steel) as well we describe the surface characterization of the materials thereof treated.And finally,we show recent high voltage tests of a high voltage Blumlein pulser (150kV/300A/1mus) to be used in surface treatments of polymers and aluminum alloys.
TGFβ and CIS Inhibition Overcomes NK-cell Suppression to Restore Antitumor Immunity (2022)

Antibodies targeting "immune checkpoints" have revolutionized cancer therapy by reactivating tumor-resident cytotoxic lymphocytes, primarily CD8+ T cells. Interest in targeting analogous pathways in other cytotoxic lymphocytes is growing. Natural killer (NK) cells are key to cancer immunosurveillance by eradicating metastases and driving solid tumor inflammation. NK-cell antitumor function is dependent on the cytokine IL15. Ablation of the IL15 signaling inhibitor CIS (Cish) enhances NK-cell antitumor immunity by increasing NK-cell metabolism and persistence within the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME has also been shown to impair NK-cell fitness via the production of immunosuppressive transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), a suppression which occurs even in the presence of high IL15 signaling. Here, we identified an unexpected interaction between CIS and the TGFβ signaling pathway in NK cells. Independently, Cish- and Tgfbr2-deficient NK cells are both hyperresponsive to IL15 and hyporesponsive to TGFβ, with dramatically enhanced antitumor immunity. Remarkably, when both these immunosuppressive genes are simultaneously deleted in NK cells, mice are largely resistant to tumor development, suggesting that combining suppression of these two pathways might represent a novel therapeutic strategy to enhance innate anticancer immunity.
Correlation of near-infrared intensity and depth channels for remote vital signs monitoring (2021)

We present a camera-based approach for remote acquisition of vital signs. Remote photoplethysmography (PPG) and 3-D depth analysis are used to detect heart rate and respiratory rate robustly and independently. By comparing the intensity/PPG and depth channels, a correlation can be observed between face PPG signal and physiological body movement. Pulsatile activity results in periodic head motion, which is correlated with fluctuations in face PPG intensity. Respiration data can be obtained from face PPG intensity as well as face and chest motion. This system is illumination and motion tolerant and has the benefit of redundancy with two independent image channels.