gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunotherapies influence the influenza vaccination response in multiple sclerosis patients: an explorative study (2014)

Background: The immunogenicity of influenza vaccines in MS patients undergoing immunomodulatory treatment is not well studied. Objectives: This explorative study investigated the influence of immunomodulatory treatment on MS patients receiving pandemic H1N1 (swine flu) vaccination in 2009 and seasonal influenza vaccination in 2010. Methods: We investigated the immune response to pandemic H1N1 vaccination among 113 MS patients and 216 controls during the pandemic of 2009. We also investigated the serological response to seasonal influenza vaccination (2010 – 2011 season) among 49 vaccinated and 62 non-vaccinated MS patients, versus 73 controls. We evaluated these vaccine responses by haemagglutination inhibition assay. Results: MS patients receiving immunomodulatory treatment had reduced protection (27.4%), compared to controls (43.5%) ( p = 0.006), after pandemic H1N1 vaccination (2009). The rates of protection were not influenced by interferon beta treatment (44.4% protected), but were reduced among patients receiving glatiramer acetate (21.6%), natalizumab (23.5%), and mitoxantrone (0.0%). A similar pattern emerged after MS patients received a seasonal influenza vaccination in 2010. Conclusions: These findings suggest that MS patients receiving immunomodulatory therapies other than interferon beta should be considered for a vaccine response analysis and perhaps be offered a second dose of the vaccine, in cases of insufficient protection.
Towards Explicit Data Placement in Scalable Key/Value Stores (2010)

Distributed key/value-stores are a key component of many large-scale applications. Traditionally they have been designed using Distributed Hash Tables (DHTs). DHTs, however, setup a tight coupling between the naming of nodes and assignment of keys to nodes which limits application control over data placement. We propose using small amounts of shared state in a semi-centralized architecture for more flexible data placement by introducing explicit mapping between keys and nodes via an indirection layer (blockspace). Our design is based on a membership layer that provides O(1) routing thereby targeting interactive applications. We evaluate a centralized and decentralized approach showing that both have relatively low overhead and provide efficient load balancing.
A double‐blind comparison of morphine infusion and patient controlled analgesia in children (1996)

The analgesia provided after major abdominal surgery in 30 children by continuous morphine infusion and patient controlled analgesia, also using morphine, was compared using a double-blind, double-dummy design. The groups of children were comparable in age, weight, duration of operation and sex ratio. Pain assessment was carried out by a single observer using a visual analogue scale and the Poker Chip Tool. Assessments took place during two four-hour periods, one on the day of operation and one the following day. Children aged between nine and 15 years achieved better pain relief with patient controlled analgesia. No difference could be shown in children aged between five and eight years.
Design and Analysis of the Drop Test Vehicle for the Mars Exploration Rover Parachute Structural Tests (2003)

The 2003 Mars Exploration Rover mission will deliver two advanced rovers to the surface of Mars in early 2004. The Mars Pathfinder-heritage entry, descent, and landing system relies upon a supersonic disk-gap-band parachute deceleration system. A low Earth altitude structural qualification test of this system was conducted in May 2002. This paper describes the design and development of the Drop Test Vehicle utilized in this test. The dynamic response of the test vehicle to large uncertainties in initial conditions was improved over previous designs by increasing the aerodynamic stiffness and damping, while reducing the pitch and yaw moments of inertia. This improved design had four large aerodynamic fins, a short cylindrical body, and a massive conical fore-body nose. A six degree-of-freedom trajectory simulation was developed to verify the performance of the system. The robustness of the design to offnominal conditions was demonstrated through a Monte Carlo analysis. Reconstructed test data showed very good agreement with pre-flight simulation predictions of vehicle dynamics.
Preparation, microstructures, mechanical properties, and cytocompatibility of TiMn alloys for biomedical applications (2010)

The titanium-manganese (TiMn) alloys have been extensively used in aerospace and hydrogen storage. In this study, the TiMn alloys with various manganese contents ranging from 2 to 12 wt % were prepared by using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering (SPS) techniques. The microstructures, mechanical properties including hardness, elastic modulus and ductility, cytotoxicity and cell proliferation properties of the TiMn alloys were investigated to explore their biomedical applications. The addition of manganese to the titanium reduced the alpha to beta transformation temperature and was confirmed as a beta stabilizer element. The manganese increased the relative density of the alloy and thus high density TiMn alloys with alpha+beta structure were prepared by using SPS at 700 degrees C. The hardness increased significantly ranging from 2.4 GPa (Ti2Mn) to 5.28 GPa (Ti12Mn) and the elastic modulus ranging from 83.3 GPa (Ti2Mn) to 122 GPa (Ti12Mn), the ductility decreased ranging from 21.3% (Ti2Mn) to 11.7% (Ti12Mn) with increasing manganese content in the Ti. Concentrations of Mn below 8 wt % in titanium reveal negligible effects on the metabolic activity and the cell proliferation of human osteoblasts. The Mn could be used in lower concentrations as an alloying element for biomedical titanium. The Ti2Mn, Ti5Mn, and Ti8Mn alloys with supervisor mechanical properties and acceptable cytocompatibility have a potential for use as bone substitutes and dental implants.
Separating true range measurements from multi-path and scattering interference in commercial range cameras (2010)

Time-of-flight range cameras acquire a three-dimensional image of a scene simultaneously for all pixels from a single viewing location. Attempts to use range cameras for metrology applications have been hampered by the multi-path problem, which causes range distortions when stray light interferes with the range measurement in a given pixel. Correcting multi-path distortions by post-processing the three-dimensional measurement data has been investigated, but enjoys limited success because the interference is highly scene dependent. An alternative approach based on separating the strongest and weaker sources of light returned to each pixel, prior to range decoding, is more successful, but has only been demonstrated on custom built range cameras, and has not been suitable for general metrology applications. In this paper we demonstrate an algorithm applied to both the Mesa Imaging SR-4000 and Canesta Inc. XZ-422 Demonstrator unmodified off-the-shelf range cameras. Additional raw images are acquired and processed using an optimization approach, rather than relying on the processing provided by the manufacturer, to determine the individual component returns in each pixel. Substantial improvements in accuracy are observed, especially in the darker regions of the scene.
In vitrostudy ofE.colitRNAArgand tRNALysidentity elements (1992)

Various tRNA transcripts were constructed to study the identity elements of E.coli tRNA(Arg) and tRNA(Lys). Exchange of the anticodon of the major tRNA(Arg) from ACG to either CCG or CCU did not result in a significant loss of arginine acceptor activity, whereas not only that to UUU but also that to ACA or ACC decreased the activity. Base substitutions and deletion at A20 also impaired the arginine charging activity by over 50-fold. Arginine charging activity was introduced by either substitution of the anticodon from UAC to ACG in tRNA(Val) or from UUU to UCU in tRNA(Lys). Only a single base substitution at the third position of tRNA(Trp) anticodon (CCA) from A to G also gave rise to arginine charging activity, which was elevated to a comparable level to that of the tRNA(Arg) transcript by an additional A20 insertion. Base substitutions of the major tRNA(Arg) at the discriminator position into pyrimidines led to a decrease by factors of three to four. These data show that the third letter of the anticodon G36 or U36 besides the second letter C35 and the A20 in the variable pocket is responsible for the arginine acceptor identity, to which the discriminator base A73 or G73 contributes in an auxiliary fashion. In contrast to the arginine system, the transcript with the wild-type tRNA(Lys) sequence showed only 140-fold lower lysine charging activity than the native tRNA(Lys), suggesting the involvement of base modifications in recognition. Replacement of the anticodon UUU with not only UCU and UAC but also UUA and UUC seriously affected the lysine acceptor activity, and those with GUU and UUG also decreased by factors of 17 and 5, respectively. Introduction of UUU into the anticodons conferred lysine charging activity upon both tRNA(Val) and tRNA(Arg). Substitution of the discriminator base A73 by any of the other bases decreased the lysine acceptor activity by a factor of ten. These results indicate the involvements of all the three bases of the anticodon and A at the discriminator position in lysine specific aminoacylation.
Ball lens reflections by direct solution of Maxwell’s equations (1995)

Ball lenses are important for many applications. For example, ball lenses can be used to match the mode of a laser diode (LD) to a single mode fiber (SMF), essential for low-loss, high bit rate communication systems. Modeling the propagation of LD light through a ball lens presents a challenge due to the large angular divergence of the LD field (typically &gt;20° HWHM) and the subsequent significant effect of spherical aberration. Accurately calculating the reflected power is also difficult, but essential, since reflections as small as −30 dB can destabilize the LD. [1]
Study of alternatives for the design of a mobile unit for wastewater treatment by supercritical water oxidation (2001)

Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) has been shown to be an appropriate technology for the treatment of water containing toxic and hazardous substances, because it provides high destruction efficiencies. This paper reports a study of alternatives, and optimisation of various parameters and conditions, which are applied to the design of a mobile treatment unit. Phenol was selected as a model organic compound present in the feed stream and NaCl was selected as a model polar compound for solid separation. Pilot plant results show that efficiencies above 99.9% in phenol destruction are reached, at an operation temperature of about 650 °C, with stoichiometric amounts of air. Feed streams with a wide range of heating values (lower limit 530 and upper limit 930 kJ kg−1) can be handled, because these values allow both thermal and mechanical energy recoveries, which are the key factor for economic feasibility. The unit is capable of handling wastewater containing toxic, recalcitrant or non-biodegradable compounds that cannot be treated with global streams at the wastewater treatment plant of a factory. It is specifically proposed for use in industries in which wastewater contains solvent mixtures of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
The Hypoglycemic Effects ofCamellia assamicavar.kuchaExtract (2010)

Kucha (Camellia assamica var. kucha) is an endemic tea that grows in cloudy and foggy highlands in southwest China. Its hypoglycemic effects were studied here. The postprandial blood glucose levels in mice after sucrose and soluble starch loading were significantly reduced by Kucha administration. The glycosidase inhibitory activities were effective both in vitro and in vivo. It is concluded that the hypoglycemic effects of Kucha might be due to inhibition of disaccharidases activities.
The Contribution of Urinary Cations to the Blood Pressure Differences Associated with Migration (1995)

People living in unacculturated societies have a low average blood pressure and little rise in blood pressure with age. In a community-based survey in southwestern China, the authors assessed the contribution of urinary cation excretion to differences in blood pressure between an unacculturated group (Yi farmers) and migrants to an urban environment, as well as urban controls from a different ethnic group (Han). In March 1989, blood pressure and overnight urinary electrolyte levels were measured on 3 consecutive days in 313 Yi farmers, 265 Yi migrants, and 253 urban Han residents, all male. Of the urinary electrolytes, a higher sodium:potassium ratio best explained the higher blood pressure in the migrants. Yi farmers had lower systolic (106.7 mmHg vs. 114.8 mmHg, respectively) and diastolic (66.2 mmHg vs. 71.3 mmHg, respectively) blood pressures than Yi migrants. However, even after adjustment for age, body mass index, alcohol intake, and urinary sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium excretion, Yi farmers continued to have lower average blood pressures than Yi migrants. In pooled analyses of all three groups, urinary sodium and calcium were positively related and urinary potassium and magnesium were inversely related to blood pressure. Migration is associated with a higher blood pressure that is only partially explained by higher levels of adiposity and alcohol and sodium intake and lower levels of potassium and magnesium intake.
G113 Development of Electric Power Control using the Capacitance Characteristics of the Fuel Cell (2011)

The new power control algorithm to improve freeze startability of the TOYOTA FCHV-adv is reviewed in this paper. This new algorithm is using the inherent capacitance characteristics of the fuel cell in order to adjust the output power response of the fuel cell to the target power of the vehicles. The algorithm is combined with fuel cell operation method to warm rapidly, called Rapid Warm-Up Operation. This operation is based on: concentration overvoltage increase and conversion efficiency decrease by limiting oxygen or hydrogen supply. As a result, the FCHV-adv has been capable of starting at a temperature of -30℃.
Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate and carbohydrate metabolism during the life cycle of the aquatic fungus Blastocladiella emersonii (1990)

Removal of the growth medium and resuspension of Blastocladiella emersonii vegetative cells in a sporulation medium resulted in an abrupt fall of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate concentration to about 2% of its initial value within 10 min. The concentrations of hexose 6-phosphate and of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate also decreased by, respectively, three and tenfold over the same period. All these values remained at their low level throughout the sporulation phase and during the subsequent germination of zoospores when performed in the absence of glucose. In contrast, the concentration of cyclic AMP was low during the sporulation period and exhibited a transient increase a few minutes after the initiation of germination. Other biochemical events occurring during sporulation were a 70% reduction in glycogen content and the complete disappearance of trehalose. The remaining glycogen was degraded upon subsequent germination of the zoospores. B. emersonii phosphofructo 2-kinase (PFK-2) and fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase-2) could not be separated from each other by various chromatographic procedures, suggesting that they were part of a single bifunctional protein. On anion-exchange chromatography, two peaks of PFK-2 and FBPase-2 were resolved. Upon incubation of fractions from the two peaks or of a crude extract in the presence of [2-32P]fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, two radiolabelled subunits with molecular masses close to 90 and 54 kDa were obtained. The labelling of the subunit of higher molecular mass was greater than that of the lower one in extracts prepared in the presence of protease inhibitors and in the first peak of the Mono Q column. PFK-2 and FBPase-2 displayed kinetic properties comparable to those of mammalian enzymes, but no indication of a cyclic AMP-dependent regulation could be obtained. Phosphofructo 1-kinase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase from B. emersonii were, respectively, stimulated and inhibited by micromolar concentrations of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. The physiological significance of these properties is discussed. A simple method for the determination of trehalose is also reported.
Windows Server 2008开发内幕（二） (2008)

Windows Server 2008是微软服务器家族的最新力作。拥有很多令人期待的新功能。但它的开发过程并不像微软以前的操作系统那样频频延期。问题多多。本文作者专访了Windows Server 2008的项目经理。带您走入这个复杂系统的开发过程的幕后。了解鲜为人知的开发内幕。
Innenrücktitelbild: An All‐Halogen Bonding Rotaxane for Selective Sensing of Halides in Aqueous Media (Angew. Chem. 43/2014) (2014)

Halogenbrücken und eine optische Sonde …︁ …︁ als Merkmale einer verzahnten Wirtstruktur ergeben ein wirksames Anionensensorsystem. Wie P. D. Beer et al. in der Zuschrift auf S. 11642 ff. zeigen, dient ein ausschließlich halogenverbrückender Rotaxan-Wirt mit photoaktivem Rhenium(I)-Bipyridyl-Zentrum in der makrocyclischen Komponente als optischer Lumineszenzsensor für Halogenidionen mit hoher Bindungsaffinität und -selektivität für Iodid. Bild: Dr. Karl Harrison.
PV Inverter Fault Response Including Momentary Cessation, Frequency-Watt, and Virtual Inertia (2018)

This paper presents two photovoltaic (PV) inverter control methods and an analysis of the two under a significant three-phase transmission line fault contingencies in the Hawaiian island of Oahu power system. Simulations are presented for the two control methods on the island power system with a high penetration of PV generation, approximately 40% of the total. The two control methods discussed are similar: one is a proportional frequency-watt controller, and the second is a proportional-derivative controller, a frequency-watt controller with virtual inertia. Both methods can be beneficial for fast frequency support. The inverter model also emulates inverter fault response including “momentary cessation” and recovery during low voltage events. The study presented in this paper utilizes a validated power system model of the Hawaiian island of Oahu, modified to include PV resources with the two custom developed control models. Dynamic simulations with PSS/E are presented during a significant transmission line three-phase fault contingency. Simulations are presented with and without PV reserve margin. In addition, a parameter sensitivity analysis is presented for the control methods. Results indicate both methods can significantly improve system response during fault events. Findings indicate that transmission faults can produce severe frequency events, and that fast recovery from momentary cessation is crucial to mitigate severity.
Distal radial approach treating a left main lesion during hemostasis of the forearm radial artery on the same side in a case of unstable angina (2021)

Conventional radial access (cRA) for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has become the current standard due to low bleeding complications, although recently, distal radial access (dRA) has attracted attention as an alternative. Here, the usefulness of dRA is shown in a case in whom neither side could be used for cRA. The patient was a woman in her 70 s diagnosed with unstable angina pectoris at another hospital. Although ad hoc PCI was attempted via her right forearm radial artery, her hemodynamics deteriorated and the procedure was abandoned. After an intra-aortic balloon pumping device was inserted via the left femoral approach and hemostasis was established with a dedicated device, the patient was transferred to our hospital. Her right radial artery was being used for hemostasis and her left radial artery was poorly palpable. Because her right distal radial artery was palpable, access via that location was attempted after confirming sufficient blood vessel diameter and blood flow by ultrasound. A 6Fr sheath was inserted and PCI was safely accomplished. Hemostasis on dRA was completed without complications using a hemostasis device. Thus, dRA may be an option as an alternative access site in an emergency. <<b>Learning objective:</b> Radial access is recommended by the guidelines for coronary intervention in order to prevent access site complications. We report a case of unstable angina successfully treated for a left main lesion via the distal radial artery during hemostasis of the forearm radial artery on the same side. Distal radial access, little considered for catheterization, may be an alternative option when conventional radial access cannot be employed. It is important to share this conclusion with all physicians.>.
Machine learning approach for obstructive sleep apnea screening using brain diffusion tensor imaging (2022)

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) show autonomic, mood, cognitive, and breathing dysfunctions that are linked to increased morbidity and mortality, which can be improved with early screening and intervention. The gold standard and other available methods for OSA diagnosis are complex, require whole-night data, and have significant wait periods that potentially delay intervention. Our aim was to examine whether using faster and less complicated machine learning models, including support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF), with brain diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data can classify OSA from healthy controls. We collected two DTI series from 59 patients with OSA [age: 50.2 ± 9.9 years; body mass index (BMI): 31.5 ± 5.6 kg/m<sup>2</sup> ; apnea-hypopnea index (AHI): 34.1 ± 21.2 events/h 23 female] and 96 controls (age: 51.8 ± 9.7 years; BMI: 26.2 ± 4.1 kg/m<sup>2</sup> ; 51 female) using a 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. Using DTI data, mean diffusivity maps were calculated from each series, realigned and averaged, normalised to a common space, and used to conduct cross-validation for model training and selection and to predict OSA. The RF model showed 0.73 OSA and controls classification accuracy and 0.85 area under the curve (AUC) value on the receiver-operator curve. Cross-validation showed the RF model with comparable fitting over SVM for OSA and control data (SVM; accuracy, 0.77; AUC, 0.84). The RF ML model performs similar to SVM, indicating the comparable statistical fitness to DTI data. The findings indicate that RF model has similar AUC and accuracy over SVM, and either model can be used as a faster OSA screening tool for subjects having brain DTI data.
L’apprentissage de l’écrit, la construction des saviors, et les disciplines dans le supérieur aux Etats-Unis: Réflexions et questions.” (2004)

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