gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of Textile Structure on Single Fiber Transfer from Woven Fabrics (1992)

A machine designed to abrade fabrics using small abrasive forces and slow rates is used to induce fiber transfer from twelve woven fabrics. Single fiber transfer, the release and relocation of individual fibers, is evaluated in terms of the number and length of fibers transferred, along with the influence of several fiber, yarn, and fabric structural features on fiber transfer. Modeling procedures indicate that structural features that predict fiber transfer best are fiber denier, fiber length, and weave type. The influence of these features is complex, and analysis of variance indicates that fiber transfer is significantly affected by their interaction.
Enhanced Oxygen Utilization Efficiency With Concomitant Activation of AMPK-TBC1D1 Signaling Nexus in Cyclophilin-D Conditional Knockout Mice (2021)

We have previously reported in HEK 293 T cells and in constitutive cyclophilin-D (Cyp-D) knockout (KO) mice that Cyp-D ablation downregulates oxygen consumption (VO<sub>2</sub>) and triggers an adaptive response that manifest in higher exercise endurance with less VO<sub>2</sub>. This adaptive response involves a metabolic switch toward preferential utilization of glucose <i>via</i> AMPK-TBC1D1 signaling nexus. We now investigated whether a similar response could be triggered in mice after acute ablation of Cyp-D using tamoxifen-induced ROSA26-Cre-mediated (i.e., conditional KO, CKO) by subjecting them to treadmill exercise involving five running sessions. At their first treadmill running session, CKO mice and controls had comparable VO<sub>2</sub> (208.4 ± 17.9 vs. 209.1 ± 16.8 ml/kg min<sup>-1</sup>), VCO<sub>2</sub> (183.6 ± 17.2 vs. 184.8 ± 16.9 ml/kg min<sup>-1</sup>), and RER (0.88 ± 0.043 vs. 0.88 ± 0.042). With subsequent sessions, CKO mice displayed more prominent reduction in VO<sub>2</sub> (genotype & session interaction <i>p</i> = 0.000) with less prominent reduction in VCO<sub>2</sub> resulting in significantly increased RER (genotype and session interaction <i>p</i> = 0.013). The increase in RER was consistent with preferential utilization of glucose as respiratory substrate (4.6 ± 0.8 vs. 4.0 ± 0.9 mg/min, <i>p</i> = 0.003). CKO mice also performed a significantly higher treadmill work for given VO<sub>2</sub> expressed as a power/VO<sub>2</sub> ratio (7.4 ± 0.2 × 10<sup>-3</sup> vs. 6.7 ± 0.2 10<sup>-3</sup> ratio, <i>p</i> = 0.025). Analysis of CKO skeletal muscle tissue after completion of five treadmill running sessions showed enhanced AMPK activation (0.669 ± 0.06 vs. 0.409 ± 0.11 pAMPK/β-tubulin ratio, <i>p</i> = 0.005) and TBC1D1 inactivation (0.877 ± 0.16 vs. 0.565 ± 0.09 pTBC1D1/β-tubulin ratio, <i>p</i> < 0.05) accompanied by increased glucose transporter-4 levels consistent with activation of the AMPK-TBC1D1 signaling nexus enabling increased glucose utilization. Taken together, our study demonstrates that like constitutive Cyp-D ablation, acute Cyp-D ablation also induces a state of increased O<sub>2</sub> utilization efficiency, paving the way for exploring the use of pharmacological approach to elicit the same response, which could be beneficial under O<sub>2</sub> limiting conditions.
Method of Establishing Object-Oriented System Structure for Decision Support System (2002)

In order to solve existing problems about the method of establishing traditional system structure of decision support system(DSS), O S chart is applied to describe object oriented system structure of general DSS, and a new method of eight specific steps is proposed to establish object oriented system structure of DSS by using the method of O S chart, which is applied successfully to the development of the DSS for the energy system ecology engineering research of the Wangheqiu country. Supplying many scientific effective computing models, decision support ways and a lot of accurate reliable decision data, the DSS plays a critical part in helping engineering researchers to make correct decisions. Because the period for developing the DSS is relatively shorter, the new way improves the efficiency of establishing DSS greatly. It also makes the DSS of system structure more flexible and easy to expand.
A Delay Analysis of FDQ (Fair Distributed Queue) and DQDB Networks. (1998)

A delay analysis of FDQ (Fair Distributed Queue) and DQDB (with and without the BWB mechanism) is presented. A network of two active nodes with a large separation of nodes is considered in each case. Under the common set of assumptions of single buffer nodes, geometric arrivals and the packet size of one segment, the mean delay at each node is obtained using limited independence assumptions. Results from the analyses are compared to simulation results. The analyses are shown to be quite accurate for low to moderate loads and they only require the solution of polynomial equations. The mean delays at both stations under FDQ with equal arrival rates are shown to be almost equal. DQDB and DQDB with BWB have increasingly asymmetric mean delays with higher arrival rates. For a dual bus implementation, the mean delay at the upstream station is less than that at the downstream station for all three protocols. FDQ has the smallest difference between the two stations' delay results and DQDB has the highest in this case.
Chemotherapy of Drug. II (1968)

1) 2-Chloro (or bromo)-4-(p-thiocyanatophenylazo) phenol (I or II), 2-chloro-4-(3-chloro-4-thiocyanatophenylazo) phenol (III), 2, 6-dichloro-4-(p-thiocyanatophenylazo)-phenol (IV), and 4-chloro-4'-iodo-(V) and 4-bromo-4'-chloro-2-amino-5-thiocyanatodiphenyl ether (VI) were derived to their corresponding acetyl compounds (VII to XII) by the application of acetic anhydride. The nitro compound (XIII), obtained by the application of 2-chloro-5-fluoronitrobenzene to the potassium salt of p-fluorophenol, and 2, 2'-dinitro-4, 4'-dichlorodiphenylether were reduced with stannous chloride and hydrochloric acid to the respective amino compounds (XV and XVI), and further thiocyanated with ammonium thiocyanate and bromine to thiocyanato compounds (XVII and XVIII). 2) 1-Aminonaphthalene, 5-aminoisoquinoline, and 3-aminoquinoline were derived to their thiocyanato compounds (XIX to XXI) by diazotization followed by the Sandmeyer reaction. 4-Chloroquinoline 1-oxide, 4-chloroquinazoline, and 2-chloroquinoxaline were derived to their thiocyanato compounds (XXII to XXV) by the application of potassium thiocyanate in acetic acid. 3) Antibacterial activity of all the foregoing thiocyanato compounds was tested.
Chemistry and structure of hexakis(thiourea-S)technetium(III) trichloride tetrahydrate, [Tc(SC(NH2)2)6]Cl3.4H2O (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry and structure of hexakis(thiourea-S)technetium(III) trichloride tetrahydrate, [Tc(SC(NH2)2)6]Cl3.4H2OM. J. Abrams, A. Davison, R. Faggiani, A. G. Jones, and C. J. L. LockCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1984, 23, 21, 3284–3288Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00189a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00189a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views146Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Middle-infrared luminescence of rare earth ions in silver halide crystals (2006)

Middle infrared laser systems for countermeasures against heat seeking missiles are currently under development. These systems, based on optical parametric oscillators, are complex, bulky and expensive. Middle-infrared fiber lasers emitting in the 3-5&#956;m spectral region may provide an attractive alternative to the systems under development. We have investigated luminescence of silver bromide-chloride crystals and fibers doped with rare earth ions (e.g. Pr<sup>3+</sup>, Tb<sup>3+</sup> and Nd<sup>3+</sup>) in the near and middle infrared spectral ranges. The emission, excitation, and absorption spectra, as well as the kinetic parameters, were measured over a broad temperature range. The crystal doping was produced by growing from the melt. No significant differences were found between the luminescence properties in bulk crystals and in fibers. The Judd Ofelt analysis was applied to the doped crystals, and the transition rates, branching ratios, and quantum efficiencies were calculated. Good agreement was obtained between theory and experiment. The strong middle-infrared luminescence and the kinetic parameters of these crystals make them good candidates for the fabrication of fiber lasers in the 4-5.5&#956;m spectral range.
Energieoptimale Fahrdynamikregelung mehrmotoriger Elektrofahrzeuge (2014)

In dieser Arbeit wird ein generischer Ansatz zur Regelung mehrmotoriger Elektrofahrzeuge entwickelt. Eine Analyse des Gesamtsystems hinsichtlich der für die Radmomentenregelung nutzbaren Freiheitsgrade offenbart, dass in gewissen Fahrsituationen mehrere mögliche Lösungen zur Verteilung der Radmomente existieren. Diese Eigenschaft überaktuierter Systeme wird ausgenutzt, um neben der vorrangigen Regelungsaufgabe weitere untergeordnete regelungstechnische Ziele zu verfolgen.
Preparation of Rapidly Disintegrating Tablets Containing Precipitated Calcium Carbonate by Direct Compression Method (2010)

Microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel®PH-302),lactose (Super-Tab®),carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and xylitol are added to tablet formulations of precipitated calcium carbonate to achieve rapid disintegration while maintaining sufficient tensile strength,and to allow tablets to be easy to take.We prepared tablets containing 200 mg of precipitated calcium carbonate by the direct compression method and measured their tensile strength,wetting rate and disintegration time.Though precipitated calcium carbonate gave tablets a greater hardness and disintegration time than tablets containing no precipitated calcium carbonate,the disintegration time in the human oral cavity was short enough for them to be rapidly disintegrating tablets.On investigating a correlation between disintegration time in vitro and disintegration time in the oral cavity,we found that disintegration time in vitro was a fairly good predictor of disintegration time in the oral cavity.The sensory test score for the calcium carbonate tablets was excellent.In addition,we demonstrated that it was possible to produce rapidly disintegrating tablets containing precipitated calcium carbonate produced by direct compression when CMC is used as a disintegrant and Super-Tab® and Avicel®PH-302 are used as excipients.
Performance Assessment of a Shell Tube Evaporator for a Model Organic Rankine Cycle for Use in Geothermal Power Plant (2014)

The global energy demand increases with development and population rise. Most electrical power is currently generated by conventional methods from fossil fuels. Despite the high energy demand, the conventional energy resources such as fossil fuels have been declining and harmful combustion byproducts are causing global warming. The Organic Rankine Cycle power plant is a very effective option for utilization of low grade heat sources for power generation. In the Organic Rankine Cycle heat exchangers such as evaporators and condensers are key components that determine its performance. Researches indicated that shell tube heat exchangers are effectively utilized in this cycle. The design of the heat exchanger involves establishing the right flow pattern of the interacting fluids. The performance of these exchangers can be optimized by inserting baffles in the shell to direct the flow of fluid across the tubes on shell side. In this work heat exchangers have been developed to improve heat recovery from geothermal brine for additional power generation. The design involved sizing of heat exchanger (evaporator) using the LMTD method based on an expected heat transfer rate. The heat exchanger of the model power plant was tested in which hot water simulated brine. The results indicated that the heat exchanger is thermally suitable for the evaporator of the model power plant.
Mass spectrometry of carotenoid epoxides and furanoid oxides (1966)

J. Baldas, Q. N. Porter, L. Cholnoky, J. Szabolcs and B. C. L. Weedon, Chem. Commun. (London), 1966, 852 DOI: 10.1039/C19660000852
Preparation and properties of cellulose/silica hybrid composites (2008)

Abstract Cellulose/silica hybrid (CSH) composites were prepared from bleached Eucalyptus globulus kraft pulp or primary treatment sludge cellulose fibers by a sol–gel method, using solely tetraethoxysilane or with the addition of trimethoxyoctylsilane as the silica precursors and heteropoly acid (H 3 PW 12 O 40 ) as the catalyst. Silica aging was accomplished during the hot pressing of preformed CSHs plates, and the properties of the resulting materials have been evaluated. The incorporation of a silica network in cellulosic materials increased their dimensional stability significantly during soaking in water, hydrophobicity, thermal stability, and bending strength. The thermal conductivity of these hybrid materials is comparable to commercially available insulation foams. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers
How the horse moves: 2. Significance of graphical representations of equine hind limb kinematics (1995)

Summary Kinematic data of the equine hind limb are presented graphically and related to functional aspects of the hind limb in locomotion. The trot of 24 two‐year‐old Dutch Warmblood horses was recorded at 4 m/s on a high‐speed treadmill using kinematic analysis equipment. Joint angle‐time, angle‐angle, stick and marker diagrams were used to present graphically the data following standardised procedures. As the kinematic data were expressed with reference to the joint angles of the horse standing squarely and were time‐standardised to the duration of the stride cycle, mean joint curves for the total group could be calculated and therefore describe the function of the different segments of the equine hind limb. The motion of the hind limb in the sagittal plane appeared to be pendular around a rotation point in the acetabulum. During the stance phase the extension of the fetlock joint and stance flexion of the stifle, tarsal and coffin joints illustrate the shock absorption of the hind limb. In the swing phase the reciprocal apparatus, which forms the coupling mechanism between stifle and tarsal joint, also influences the fetlock joint because synchronous flexion and extension between these 3 joints were demonstrated. By graphically presenting hind limb motion we were able to illustrate the relation between kinematics and function. This graphic analysis can be used in clinical studies involving quantification of equine hind limb coordination in the sagittal plane.
Pathologic pupillary signs: self-learning module, Part 3 (1991)

Designed for independent study, this module explores some of the common, but often missed, pupillary abnormalities and eye movement irregularities. Part 3 concludes the module and provides the posttest and answer keys for the posttest and the three review exercises in Part 2.
Detection of Thiol Groups in Beer and Their Correlation with Oxidative Stability (2011)

A method for quantification of thiol groups directly in beer was established based on fluorescent detection using the maleimide-derived probe ThioGlo 1. Interference from sulfite during thiol determination was overcome by subtracting the contributions from sulfite-ThioGlo adducts, which could be calculated based on separate sulfite determinations. The method was improved further using a standard addition protocol instead of the conventional protocol with external standards due to an observed inner filter effect of colored beers compared with uncolored standards. Thiol concentrations varied between 13.6 and 46 μM glutathione equivalents in 12 different beers. Principal component analysis showed the level of thiol groups in beer was highly correlated to sulfite content and oxidative stability, which was determined by electron spin resonance lag-phase measurements, suggesting that thiol groups are important for the oxidative stability of beer. SDS-PAGE of proteins showed that protein content did not correlate with thiol concentration, proving that the quantified thiols were not only protein bound but also derived from peptides and possibly smaller compounds.
Thermal methodology for evaluating the performance of microelectronic devices with non-uniform power dissipation (2003)

Non-uniform power consumption across different functional units is commonly found in the contemporary microprocessor architectures. In such integrated circuit (IC) design, certain regions of the chip can dissipate a significant fraction of the total power while other regions of the die may dissipate little or no power. This non-uniformity of power dissipation results in non-uniform die temperature distribution with localized hot spots that may exceed the critical operating junction temperature (T/sub j/) and severely affect the microprocessor performance, production yield as well as product reliability. This trend directly drives an increasing importance of investigating thermal interactions of heat sources in the silicon chip. An important area of research is on the development of a methodology for evaluating the thermal impact of the non-uniform power concentration in microelectronic devices. The objective of this paper is to present the thermal analyses carried out to investigate the applicability of the superposition concept for predicting the temperature distribution of the silicon chip with non-uniform power dissipation patterns. In this investigation, the average chip temperature due to multiple heat sources within the silicon chip was defined as the reference temperature for evaluating the Tj rise of the particular chip segment. Verification of the methodology was carried out using the results obtained from finite element analysis (FEA). A heat sink thermal design was modeled to simulate a typical thermal design of a microprocessor. Key thermal parameters investigated are the heat source placement distance, convection heat transfer mode, and level of heat dissipation. Results of the verification show that the proposed approach offers a practical methodology for the thermal evaluation of microelectronic packages with nonuniform power dissipation.
Motoneurons Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Develop Mature Phenotypes Typical of Endogenous Spinal Motoneurons (2015)

Induced pluripotent cell-derived motoneurons (iPSCMNs) are sought for use in cell replacement therapies and treatment strategies for motoneuron diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, much remains unknown about the physiological properties of iPSCMNs and how they compare with endogenous spinal motoneurons or embryonic stem cell-derived motoneurons (ESCMNs). In the present study, we first used a proteomic approach and compared protein expression profiles between iPSCMNs and ESCMNs to show that <4% of the proteins identified were differentially regulated. Like ESCs, we found that mouse iPSCs treated with retinoic acid and a smoothened agonist differentiated into motoneurons expressing the LIM homeodomain protein Lhx3. When transplanted into the neural tube of developing chick embryos, iPSCMNs selectively targeted muscles normally innervated by Lhx3 motoneurons. In vitro studies showed that iPSCMNs form anatomically mature and functional neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) when cocultured with chick myofibers for several weeks. Electrophysiologically, iPSCMNs developed passive membrane and firing characteristic typical of postnatal motoneurons after several weeks in culture. Finally, iPSCMNs grafted into transected mouse tibial nerve projected axons to denervated gastrocnemius muscle fibers, where they formed functional NMJs, restored contractile force. and attenuated denervation atrophy. Together, iPSCMNs possess many of the same cellular and physiological characteristics as ESCMNs and endogenous spinal motoneurons. These results further justify using iPSCMNs as a source of motoneurons for cell replacement therapies and to study motoneuron diseases such as ALS.
An Integrated Markov State Model and Path Metadynamics Approach To Characterize Drug Binding Processes (2019)

Unveiling the mechanistic features of drug-target binding is of central interest in biophysics and drug discovery. Herein, we address this challenge by combining two major computational approaches, namely, Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations and Markov State Models (MSM), with a Path Collective Variables (PCVs) description coupled with metadynamics. We apply our methodology to reconstruct the binding process of the antagonist alprenolol to the β<sub>2</sub>-adrenergic receptor, a well-established pharmaceutical target. The devised protocol allowed us to estimate the binding free energy and identify the minimum free energy path leading to the protein-ligand complex. In summary, we show that MSM and PCVs can be efficiently integrated to shed light upon mechanistic and energetic details underlying complex recognition processes in biological systems.
Targeting IFN activity to both B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells induces a robust tolerogenic response and protection against EAE (2021)

Type I Interferon (IFN) was the very first drug approved for the treatment of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and is still frequently used as a first line therapy. However, systemic IFN also causes considerable side effects, affecting therapy adherence and dose escalation. In addition, the mechanism of action of IFN in MS is multifactorial and still not completely understood. Using AcTaferons (Activity-on-Target IFNs, AFNs), optimized IFN-based immunocytokines that allow cell-specific targeting, we have previously demonstrated that specific targeting of IFN activity to dendritic cells (DCs) can protect against experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE), inducing in vivo tolerogenic protective effects, evidenced by increased indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) release by plasmacytoid (p) DCs and improved immunosuppressive capacity of regulatory T and B cells. We here report that targeting type I IFN activity specifically towards B cells also provides strong protection against EAE, and that targeting pDCs using SiglecH-AFN can significantly add to this protective effect. The superior protection achieved by simultaneous targeting of both B lymphocytes and pDCs correlated with improved IL-10 responses in B cells and conventional cDCs, and with a previously unseen very robust IDO response in several cells, including all B and T lymphocytes, cDC1 and cDC2.
On Predicting the Channel Die Compression Behavior of HCP Magnesium AM30 using Crystal Plasticity FEM (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Crystal Plasticity Constitutive Framework Modeling Framework Simulation Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements