gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improved multilineage human hematopoietic reconstitution and function in NSGS mice (2018)

Genetic manipulation of NOD/SCID (NS) mice has yielded numerous sub-strains with specific traits useful for the study of human hematopoietic xenografts, each with unique characteristics. Here, we have compared the engraftment and output of umbilical cord blood (UCB) CD34+ cells in four immune-deficient strains: NS, NS with additional IL2RG knockout (NSG), NS with transgenic expression of human myeloid promoting cytokines SCF, GM-CSF, and IL-3 (NSS), and NS with both IL2RG knockout and transgenic cytokine expression (NSGS). Overall engraftment of human hematopoietic cells was highest in the IL2RG knockout strains (NSG and NSGS), while myeloid cell output was notably enhanced in the two strains with transgenic cytokine expression (NSS and NSGS). In further comparisons of NSG and NSGS mice, several additional differences were noted. NSGS mice were found to have a more rapid reconstitution of T cells, improved B cell differentiation, increased levels of NK cells, reduced platelets, and reduced maintenance of primitive CD34+ cells in the bone marrow. NSGS were superior hosts for secondary engraftment and both strains were equally suitable for experiments of graft versus host disease. Increased levels of human cytokines as well as human IgG and IgM were detected in the serum of humanized NSGS mice. Furthermore, immunization of humanized NSGS mice provided evidence of a functional response to repeated antigen exposure, implying a more complete hematopoietic graft was generated in these mice. These results highlight the important role that myeloid cells and myeloid-supportive cytokines play in the formation of a more functional xenograft immune system in humanized mice.
Placental superoxide dismutase 3 mediates benefits of maternal exercise on offspring health (2021)

Poor maternal diet increases the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in offspring, adding to the ever-increasing prevalence of these diseases. In contrast, we find that maternal exercise improves the metabolic health of offspring, and here, we demonstrate that this occurs through a vitamin D receptor-mediated increase in placental superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) expression and secretion. SOD3 activates an AMPK/TET signaling axis in fetal offspring liver, resulting in DNA demethylation at the promoters of glucose metabolic genes, enhancing liver function, and improving glucose tolerance. In humans, SOD3 is upregulated in serum and placenta from physically active pregnant women. The discovery of maternal exercise-induced cross talk between placenta-derived SOD3 and offspring liver provides a central mechanism for improved offspring metabolic health. These findings may lead to novel therapeutic approaches to limit the transmission of metabolic disease to the next generation.
Reducing muscle fatigue in FES applications by stimulating with N-let pulse trains (1995)

Applications of electrical stimulation for restoration of functional movements such as standing, gait, and grasp have always been hindered by the rapid fatigue of stimulated muscle. This paper describes an experimental investigation of stimulation with N-lets (a set of N closely spaced stimulation pulses) as a means of producing contractions with improved fatigue characteristics. Experiments were conducted on 27 able-bodied and four SCI human subjects using surface stimulation of the quadriceps muscle to produce isometric knee joint torque. Based upon evidence from the literature on muscle fatigue, parameters of the N-let trains for N = 1-6 were optimized to produce the most force per pulse. The results demonstrated that: 1) nonlinear summation of the twitch response occurs in human subjects with N-let surface stimulation; 2) for most subjects, doublet stimulation (N = 2) with a pulse interval of about 5 ms produced the maximum torque-time integral per pulse of the resulting twitch; and 3) on average, optimal N-let stimulation resulted in a 36% increase in isometric torque tracking when compared to traditional singlet stimulation. The results have immediate implications for alleviating the problem of premature fatigue during functional electrical stimulation.
Direct generation of solitons with a reversed soliton step in a microresonator pumped by a phase-modulated laser (2018)

We demonstrate direct generation of Kerr-microresonator solitons with measured 100 percent success rate using an increasing-frequency scan of a phase-modulated pump laser. A reversed soliton step is observed. The phase modulation controls the solitons' properties.
Upregulation of pulmonary tissue factor, loss of thrombomodulin and immunothrombosis in SARS-CoV-2 infection (2021)

John Hopkins University School of Medicine.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Expression of Siva-1 Protein or Its Putative Amphipathic Helical Region Enhances Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells: Effect of Elevated Levels of BCL-2 (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Expression of Siva-1 Protein or Its Putative Amphipathic Helical Region Enhances Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells: Effect of Elevated Levels of BCL-2
The Experimental Test Accelerator (ETA) (1979)

The Lawrence Livermore Laboratory is constructing an induction linac with the following parameters 10kA, 50ns FWHM pulse width, 5MeV, and 5PPS. This paper describes the design features of the 2.5MeV injector and it's associated pulsed power systems.
Inter‐individual variability in the dynamics of natural accommodation in humans: relation to age and refractive errors. (1993)

1. To study the relationship between accommodation under natural viewing conditions, age and refractive errors, we have measured time courses of accommodation in thirty-nine human subjects aged 5-49 years using a newly developed technique. The technique is based on infrared photoretinoscopy and involves fully automated on-line image processing of digitized video images of the eyes with a sampling rate of 5.3 Hz. 2. The distance between the subject and the video camera was about 1.3 m. Head movements of the subject required little restriction because the eyes were automatically tracked in the video image by the computer program. All subjects were tested under binocular viewing conditions. 3. Both refraction of the right eye and pupil diameter were measured with a precision of 0.2-0.4 dioptres (D) and 0.1 mm, respectively, and were plotted on-line. The data were subsequently automatically analysed. 4. Automated infrared photoretinoscopy proved to be very convenient and easy to handle in both children and adults. 5. The maximal speed of accommodation for a target at a distance of 5 D declined in the subjects with age (from up to 21.7 D s-1 for accommodation and 32.7 D s-1 for subsequent accommodation to a distant target ('near to far accommodation') in children down to 2-18 D s-1 in adults). There was a striking inter-individual variability in the maximum possible speed of accommodation and near to far accommodation. 6. Speed of accommodation and of near to far accommodation was correlated for each subject. However, in most of the subjects, the process of near to far accommodation was faster than accommodation (P < 0.005, if averaged over all subjects). This correlation was independent of age. 7. The accommodation-induced pupillary constriction (pupillary near response) was absent in children for a 4 D target; even at 10 D, there was no reliable pupillary response. The pupillary near response increased to about 1.6 mm D-1 of accommodation at the age of 47. Since a pupillary near response could still be elicited in presbyopic subjects unable to accommodate, the ratio of pupillary constriction per dioptre of accommodation approached infinity. 8. The magnitude of the pupillary near response was highly variable even among subjects of the same age but was typical for each subject. There was a correlation (P < 0.01) to refractive error: corrected myopes had weaker pupillary near responses than emmetropes or hyperopes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Improved Isolation for LTCC Transceiver Modules using Full-Tape-Thickness Features. (2009)

Abstract not provided.
Improved interpolation, motion estimation, and compensation for interlaced pictures (1994)

This paper introduces a new method for the interpolation that has to be performed when motion estimation and compensation are applied to interlaced sequences with subpel accuracy. It is based on the assumption that a uniform motion exists between two successive frames. The exact formulas for the estimation are derived. They show that in order to obtain a correct interpolation of each field of one frame, it is necessary to use the information of both fields of this frame. Because the ideal filters have infinite impulse responses, the filter design is discussed, and the efficiency is measured for typical sequences.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Persistent autism-relevant phenotype produced by in utero and lactational exposure of female mice to the commercial PBDE mixture, DE-71 (2021)

Abstract Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are ubiquitous persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that are known neuroendocrine disrupting chemicals with adverse neurodevelopmental effects. PBDEs may act as risk factors for autism spectrum disorders (ASD), characterized by abnormal psychosocial functioning, although direct evidence is currently lacking. Using a translational exposure model, we tested the hypothesis that maternal transfer of a commercial mixture of PBDEs, DE-71, produces ASD-relevant behavioral and neurochemical deficits in female offspring. C57Bl6/N mouse dams (F0) were exposed to DE-71 via oral administration of 0 (VEH/CON), 0.1 (L-DE-71) or 0.4 (H-DE-71) mg/kg bw/d from 3 wk prior to gestation through lactation. Mass spectrometry analysis indicated in utero and lactational transfer of PBDEs (ppb) to F1 female offspring brain tissue at postnatal day (PND) 15 which was reduced by PND 110. Neurobehavioral testing of social novelty preference (SNP) and social recognition memory (SRM) revealed that adult L-DE-71 F1 offspring display altered short- and long-term SRM, in the absence of reduced sociability, and increased repetitive behavior. These effects were concomitant with reduced olfactory discrimination of social odors. Additionally, L-DE-71 exposure also altered short-term novel object recognition memory but not anxiety or depressive-like behavior. Moreover, F1 L-DE-71 displayed downregulated mRNA transcripts for oxytocin ( Oxt ) in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) and supraoptic nucleus, vasopressin ( Avp ) in the BNST and upregulated Avp1ar in BNST, and Oxtr in the paraventricular nucleus. Our work demonstrates that developmental PBDE exposure produces ASD-relevant neurochemical, olfactory processing and behavioral phenotypes that may result from early neurodevelopmental reprogramming within central social and memory networks.
Broadband Electro-Magnetic Apertures (BEMA) (2019)

Currently, many large military platforms are accommodated by narrowband stove-piped sensors resulting in higher cost (acquisition, installation and maintenance), higher size, weight, and power (SWaP), and limited dynamic reconfigurability. Furthermore, the ability to operate in an ever increasing spectrally contested environment and the insatiable demand for extremely high bandwidths and data rates are crucial to future multi-mission capabilities. In response to this need, an innovative suite of digital active electronically scanned arrays (AESAs) has been developed that uses state-of-the-art technologies (i.e. advanced process nodes, packaging, and components). These advanced technologies coupled with an every element digital array architectural concept optimize multi-mission sensor performance while minimizing impact on SWaP and Cost (SWaP-C). This family of sensors covers operating frequencies from 0.2 to 47 GHz, supporting extremely wide instantaneous bandwidths, and multichannel, multi-polarization, and multi-beam operations. Expanded functionality is therefore enabled including highly integrated broadband multi-function systems that can perform radar, communications and electronic warfare (EW) missions simultaneously (i.e., converged). Additionally, dynamic software reconfiguration results in unprecedented degrees of freedom for adaptive processing and spectral coexistence in congested and contested environments. Rapid reconfiguration of beam, bandwidth and polarization parameters combined with ultrahigh bandwidths support the imperatives for low SWAP-C, highly reconfigurable, and highly integrated sensors for future platform developments.
A perspective on microfluidic biofuel cells (2010)

This review article presents how microfluidic technologies and biological materials are paired to assist in the development of low cost, green energy fuel cell systems. Miniaturized biological fuel cells, employing enzymes or microorganisms as biocatalysts in an environmentally benign configuration, can become an attractive candidate for small-scale power source applications such as biological sensors, implantable medical devices, and portable electronics. State-of-the-art biofuel cell technologies are reviewed with emphasis on microfabrication compatibility and microfluidic fuel cell designs. Integrated microfluidic biofuel cell prototypes are examined with comparisons of their performance achievements and fabrication methods. The technical challenges for further developments and the potential research opportunities for practical cell designs are discussed.
Observation and interpretation of a new transition observed via the field dependent ac susceptibility of the spin-glass Cu-Mn (abstract) (1985)

Detailed measurements of the temperature dependence of the ac (30 Hz) susceptibility χ for the spin-glass Cu-Mnx (x=2, 5, 8 and 10 at. %) in dc fields H from 0 to 1.2 kG reveal that as the temperature is lowered χ monotonically deviates from a Curie law dependence, but slightly above TC (the zero field cusp temperature) becomes independent of temperature until below TC, by an amount ΔTC, at which point there is an abrupt change in slope. The locus of this discontinuity is a straight line given by: Δχ/χ=αΔTC/TC=b(H/H0)γ, where Δχ is the change from the value of χ at TC and zero field, and H0 is referenced at 1 kG. We find nearly universal behavior for many samples with γ=2/3, b=0.2, and α≂3. We fit the magnetization data to a Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model modified to include macroscopic clusters of spins and deduce the T and H dependence of the mean cluster size and exchange interaction. When we introduce the new postulate that the transition occurs at a condition of collective rotation of the clusters, we find excellent agreement with the observed transition line. We also find that χ(H,T) satisfies scaling laws above and below TC.
Differential role of RB in response to UV and IR damage (2005)

The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB) is functionally inactivated in the majority of cancers and is a critical mediator of DNA damage checkpoints. Despite the critical importance of RB function in tumor suppression, the coordinate impact of RB loss on the response to environmental and therapeutic sources of damage has remained largely unexplored. Here, we utilized a conditional knockout system to ablate RB in adult fibroblasts. This model system enabled us to investigate the temporal role of RB loss on cell cycle checkpoints and DNA damage repair following ultraviolet (UV) and ionizing radiation (IR) damage. We demonstrate that RB loss compromises rapid cell cycle arrest following UV and IR exposure in adult primary cells. Detailed kinetic analysis of the checkpoint response revealed that disruption of the checkpoint is concomitant with RB target gene deregulation, and is not simply a manifestation of chronic RB loss. RB loss had a differential effect upon repair of the major DNA lesions induced by IR and UV. Whereas RB did not affect resolution of DNA double-strand breaks, RB-deficient cells exhibited accelerated repair of pyrimidine pyrimidone photoproducts (6-4 PP). In parallel, this repair was coupled with enhanced expression of specific factors and the behavior of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) recruitment to replication and repair foci. Thus, RB loss and target gene deregulation hastens the repair of specific lesions distinct from its ubiquitous role in checkpoint abrogation.
Spontaneous Splenorenal Shunt in Liver Transplantation (2015)

In cirrhotic patients transplanted with large splenorenal shunts, RPA and LRVL reach similar survivals. In case of complete PVT and failure of thrombectomy, the RPA offers satisfactory long-term results.
3-Amino-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,4-dicarbonitrile (2012)

In the title compound, C(24)H(19)N(3)O(2), the partially saturated ring adopts a distorted half-chair conformation with the methyl-ene-C atom closest to the amino-benzene ring lying 0.664 (3) Å out of the plane defined by the five remaining atoms (r.m.s. deviation = 0.1429 Å. The dihedral angle [32.01 (10)°] between the benzene rings on either side of this ring indicates a significant fold in this part of the mol-ecule. The dimeth-oxy-substituted benzene ring is almost orthogonal to the benzene ring to which it is attached [dihedral angle = 72.03 (9)°]. The mol-ecule has been observed previously as the major component of a 1:19 co-crystal with 2-amino-4-(3,4-dimeth-oxy-phen-yl)-5,6-dihydro-benzo[ha]quinoline-3-carbonitrile [Asiri et al. (2011). Acta Cryst. E67, o2873-o2873]. Supra-molecular chains with base vector [201] are formed in the crystal structure via N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the amino H atoms of one mol-ecule inter-acting with the meth-oxy O atoms of a neighbouring mol-ecule. The chains are linked into a three-dimensional architecture by C-H⋯π inter-actions.
Water-based Synthesis and Enhanced CO2 Capture Performance of Perfluorinated Cerium-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks with UiO-66 and MIL-140 Topology (2018)

Reaction of cerium ammonium nitrate and tetrafluoroterephthalic acid in water afforded two new metal-organic frameworks with UiO-66 [F4_UiO-66(Ce)] and MIL-140 [F4_MIL-140A(Ce)] topologies. The two compounds can be obtained in the same experimental conditions, just by varying the amount of acetic acid used as crystallization modulator in the synthesis. Both F4_UiO-66(Ce) and F4_MIL-140A(Ce) feature pores with size < 8 Å, which classifies them as ultramicroporous. Combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed that both compounds contain a small amount of Ce(III), which is preferentially accumulated near the surface of the crystallites. The CO2 sorption properties of F4_UiO-66(Ce) and F4_MIL-140A(Ce) were investigated, finding that they perform better than their Zr-based analogues. F4_MIL-140A(Ce) displays an unusual S-shaped isotherm with steep uptake increase at pressure < 0.2 bar at 298 K. This makes F4_MIL-140A(Ce) exceptionally selective for CO2 over N2: the calculated selectivity, according to the ideal adsorbed solution theory for a 0.15:0.85 mixture at 1 bar and 293 K, is higher than 1900, amongst the highest ever reported for metal-organic frameworks. The calculated isosteric heat of CO2 adsorption is in the range of 38-40 kJ mol-1, indicating a strong physisorptive character.
Design of a subharmonic cascode FET mixer for an IMT‐2000 base station (2003)

Abstract In this paper, a subharmonic cascode FET mixer is proposed to improve the isolation characteristic between the local oscillator (LO) and RF ports of an unbalanced mixer. The mixer is designed by using a single‐gate FET cascode structure and driven by the second harmonic component of the LO signal. When RF power is −30 dBm and LO power is 0 dBm, the designed mixer yields a −47.17‐dBm LO‐to‐RF leakage power level and 10‐dB conversion gain. Since the LO‐to‐RF leakage power level of the designed mixer is as good as that of a double‐balanced mixer, the subharmonic cascode FET mixer can be utilized instead. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 515–518, 2003
Holographic Servo-signal Detection Stabilized to the Wavelength Fluctuation and the Mechanical Misalignment in the Optical Heads. (1989)

Compact holographic heads using the spot size detection of double beams with linear photodetector-elements are proposed to attain highly reliable performances under considerable optical misalignment. Acceptable amount of misalignment could be expanded by a factor of ten compared with that in an astigmatic system. Mechanical accuracy of the integrated head is also discussed.
Low-cost antenna array with wide scan angle property (2012)

The scan range of an antenna array can be increased by providing a degree of curvature to its structure. However, achieving a wide scan range with an antenna array with limited number of elements is a challenging design issue. In this study, a novel 8-element linear array of polarisation reconfigurable antennas conformed to four different array structures; namely 2-faceted, 3-faceted, 4-faceted and 8-faceted are analysed and synthesised. Observations are made on the influence of the tilting angle of the faceted structures to the geometrical characteristics and the scan range of the array. It is shown that the 3-faceted array can achieve the widest scan range with the smallest dimension compared with the other faceted structures. Furthermore, the results show that the 3-faceted structure achieves ±69° scan range, compared to ±56° achieved with a linear array.
Immunosuppressive Activity of the Immunophilin‐binding Drug Sanglifehrin A in Human Whole Blood: Potent Inhibition of Interleukin‐6 Produced by Lymphocytes and Monocytes (2005)

The novel immunosuppressant Sanglifehrin A (SFA) is an immunophilin-binding metabolite with a yet unidentified mechanism of action. Several reports demonstrated the effects of SFA on proliferation and cytokine production of purified T cells with in part different results. However, less is known about the impact of SFA on the regulation of innate immune responses. We used a whole blood assay to investigate the impact of SFA on monocyte responses and T-lymphocyte activity/proliferation upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation and anti-CD3/anti-CD28 costimulation, respectively. SFA was found to inhibit interleukin (IL)-2 protein expression of T lymphocytes. Whereas IL-2 mRNA expression was significantly reduced after 4 h of costimulation, the mRNA expression of IL-4 and IL-6 but not tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha was inhibited by SFA both after 4 and 24 h of costimulation. The production of IL-2 and IL-6 protein in T lymphocytes was even strongly affected by SFA than the mRNA expression of the respective cytokine. Unlike other immunophilin-binding immunosuppressants, SFA also inhibited LPS-induced IL-6 and TNF-alpha mRNA and protein expression. At the single cell level, SFA was demonstrated to block the intracellular production of IL-6 in CD14+ monocytes but not the expression of other proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-8 and TNF-alpha. On the basis of these data, we propose that SFA may have a significant effect on the initiation and direction of immune responses. Considering the pleiotropic role of bioactive IL-6 production at the interface of innate and acquired immunity in a variety of disease conditions, it was found that these novel aspects of the unique immunosuppressive action could strongly impact on future clinical application of SFA.