gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of High-Specific-Activity 131I-MIBG Therapy in Patients with Advanced Pheochromocytoma or Paraganglioma (2018)

Patients with metastatic or unresectable (advanced) pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) have poor prognoses and few treatment options. This multicenter, phase 2 trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of high-specific-activity <sup>131</sup>I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (HSA <sup>131</sup>I-MIBG) in patients with advanced PPGL. <b>Methods:</b> In this open-label, single-arm study, 81 PPGL patients were screened for enrollment, and 74 received a treatment-planning dose of HSA <sup>131</sup>I-MIBG. Of these patients, 68 received at least 1 therapeutic dose (∼18.5 GBq) of HSA <sup>131</sup>I-MIBG intravenously. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with at least a 50% reduction in baseline antihypertensive medication use lasting at least 6 mo. Secondary endpoints included objective tumor response as assessed by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.0, biochemical tumor marker response, overall survival, and safety. <b>Results:</b> Of the 68 patients who received at least 1 therapeutic dose of HSA <sup>131</sup>I-MIBG, 17 (25%; 95% confidence interval, 16%-37%) had a durable reduction in baseline antihypertensive medication use. Among 64 patients with evaluable disease, 59 (92%) had a partial response or stable disease as the best objective response within 12 mo. Decreases in elevated (≥1.5 times the upper limit of normal at baseline) serum chromogranin levels were observed, with confirmed complete and partial responses 12 mo after treatment in 19 of 28 patients (68%). The median overall survival was 36.7 mo (95% confidence interval, 29.9-49.1 mo). The most common treatment-emergent adverse events were nausea, myelosuppression, and fatigue. No patients had drug-related acute hypertensive events during or after the administration of HSA <sup>131</sup>I-MIBG. <b>Conclusion:</b> HSA <sup>131</sup>I-MIBG offers multiple benefits, including sustained blood pressure control and tumor response in PPGL patients.
Reply to: Stand with Ukraine (2023)

Blood and Cancer (PBC) should stand with Ukraine. 1 We absolutely support the Ukrainian government, people, and physicians in their fight against unprovoked, inhumane Russian aggression.That support should include, as he suggests, banning sale of Russian products that support their economy and war engine and Russian participation in competitive sports, which are used for nationalistic propaganda.However, it is PBC policy to treat all submissions from authors based in Russia as we would any other submissions.Russian physicians and scientists are not responsible for the actions of their government.They need encouragement to continue their vital work in research and care for children with blood diseases and cancer in an increasing oppressive political environment.As noted in a recent letter to Science, ". . .
Bioimaging of Nitric Oxide with Fluorescent Indicators Based on the Rhodamine Chromophore (2001)

Diaminofluoresceins are widely used for detection and imaging of nitric oxide (NO), but for biological applications, they have the disadvantages that the fluorescence of the fluorescein chromophore is pH-sensitive and overlaps the autofluorescence of cells. We have developed a membrane-permeable fluorescent indicator for NO based on the rhodamine chromophore, DAR-4M AM, which can be excited with 550-nm light. The fluorescence quantum yield of the product after reaction with NO is 840 times higher than that of DAR-4M. The detection limit of NO was 7 nM, and the fluorescence showed no pH dependency above pH 4. DAR-4M AM was successfully applied to practical bioimaging of NO produced in bovine aortic endothelial cells.
The application of Gaussian processes in the predictions of permeability across mammalian and polydimethylsiloxane membranes (2012)

The problem of predicting the rate of percutaneous absorption of a drug is an important issue, particular with the increasing use of the skin as a means of moderating and controlling drug delivery. One key feature of this problem domain is that human skin permeability to penetrants (often characterised by Kp, the permeability coefficient) has been shown to be inherently non-linear when mathematically related to the key physicochemical parameters of penetrants. The aims of the current study were to apply and validate Gaussian process regression methods to datasets for membranes other than human skin, and to explore how the nature of the dataset may influence its analysis. Permeability data for absorption across rodent and pig skin, and polydimethylsiloxane Silastic® membranes was collected from the literature. Two QSPR methods were applied to compare to the Gaussian process models. The results demonstrated that Gaussian process models with different covariance functions outperform the QSPR model for human, pig and rodent datasets, but in general are not good for Silastic® membranes. These results suggest that the physicochemical parameters employed in this study might not be appropriate for developing models that represent this membrane. In addition, the results show the size of the datasets, in both absolute and comparative senses, appears to influence model quality.
Bridging the Intergenerational Gap in Therapeutic Activity Delivery Between Younger Professional Caregivers and Older Adults Living With Dementia (2011)

Many older individuals have cohort-specific knowledge that may not be known by young caregivers. By providing familiar information, using Montessori principles that key into the remaining abilities of those with dementia, it is possible for the younger caregivers to successfully facilitate satisfying, interactive programs. Forty activity directors and staff, age 25–50, in long-term care settings interacted with residents age 56–100 in groups of 10 or more in both an activity intervention and standard activities. The younger caregivers indicated positive responses to the activity intervention and demonstrated increases in positive attitudes toward cognitively impaired, elderly residents, which was due to the intervention that provides the structure and materials to overcome both the skills gap and intergenerational knowledge gap for those staff that have them.
Customized embedded processor design for global photographic tone mapping (2011)

Tone-mapping (TM) aims to adapt high dynamic range images to conventional display devices. TM algorithms are usually implemented on general purpose processors and graphics processing units. Such platforms may not meet performance, area, power and flexibility constraints imposed by the embedded system domain. This paper presents the design and implementation of a customized processor for a global TM algorithm. Using an architecture description language, three custom instructions to calculate luminance, logarithm and maximum luminance were added to a 32-bit RISC-based processor. The logarithm was computed using an improved Mitchell approximation. Experimental results demonstrate a 169% performance improvement when adding all three instructions, with a hardware overhead of only 22%.
Prognostic Significance of Tumor Proliferative Fraction and DNA Content in Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (1992)

Analyses of tumor DNA content and proliferative fraction by flow cytometry have been useful as prognostic determinants in a variety of solid tumors. The significance of this analysis in Stage I (T1N0M0 and T2N0M0) non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCC) is unestablished. We determined DNA content (ploidy) and proliferative fraction (percentage S phase) on 44 surgically resected Stage I NSCC specimens obtained between 1977 and 1982. All cases had a minimum follow-up of 5 yr. Of the 44 cases, 27 were adenocarcinomas, 15 squamous cell carcinomas, and 2 large cell carcinomas. Of these, 32 (73%) had T1N0M0 lesions and 12 (27%) had T2N0M0 lesions. Overall 5-yr survival was 70%. All patients surviving 5 yr were free of detectable tumor. Patients with T1N0M0 lesions had an 81% 5-yr survival, but those with T2N0M0 lesions had a 42% 5-yr survival (p = 0.009). Analysis of tumor DNA content revealed 35 diploid tumors (79%) and 9 aneuploid tumors (21%). The 5-yr survival for diploid tumors was 77% compared with a 44% 5-yr survival in aneuploid lesions (p = 0.048). The median proliferative fraction was 6%. All patients with a percentage S phase less than 6% survived 5 yr, and 41% (9 of 22) of those greater than 6% survived 5 yr (p less than 0.001). When 8% S phase was used as a cutoff, 93% (28 of 30) below the cutoff survived 5 yr but only 21% (3 of 14) above the cutoff survived 5 yr (p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Flexible archiving of old handwritten documents (2008)

The paper presents one new approach for processing of scanned old documents. The goal is to achieve efficient archiving with high compression ratio and retained visual quality. The processing comprises image preprocessing used to establish the boundaries of the two main objects, i.e. texts and background, followed by adaptive compression for each object. The parts of the image, containing the background are then compressed with lossy compression, based on multi-layer pyramid decomposition, while the parts containing the text are processed with one-layer lossless compression. The compressed image is transformed in a new format, developed by the authors. In result of the processing the mean compression ratio is increased and the visual quality of the restored image is high.
Isovaleric acidemia: Therapeutic response to supplementation with glycine, l-carnitine, or both in combination and a 10-year follow-up case study (2017)

We concluded that l-carnitine conjugated isovaleric acid earlier than glycine. Additionally, during the 10-year follow-up period, the patient displayed no clinical deterioration.
From Sit-Forward to Lean-Back: Using a Mobile Device to Vary Interactive Pace (2003)

Although online, handheld, mobile computers offer new possibilities in searching and retrieving information on the go, the fast-paced, "sit-forward" style of interaction may not be appropriate for all user search needs. In this paper, we explore how a handheld computer can be used to enable interactive search experiences that vary in pace from fast and immediate through to reflective and delayed. We describe a system that asynchronously combines an offline handheld computer and an online desktop Personal Computer, and discuss some results of an initial user evaluation.
Two mutations in Marfan syndrome resulting in truncated fibrillin polypeptides. (1992)

Biochemical and molecular genetic studies have recently suggested that mutations in the gene coding for fibrillin on chromosome 15 result in Marfan syndrome. To our knowledge, only one mutation in the fibrillin gene has been published. Here we report the results of screening 20 unrelated MFS patients for mutations in fibrillin cDNA by the single-strand conformation polymorphism technique. We found two mutations, both of which appear in the heterozygote form and code for a shortened fibrillin polypeptide. The first mutation is a large in-frame deletion of 366 bases of the fibrillin mRNA, shown to result in a truncated but secreted polypeptide found in the fibroblast culture of the patient. The second mutation is a G-to-A transition resulting in the substitution of a stop codon for a tryptophan codon and thus predicting the premature termination of the polypeptide chain. We screened 60 other, unrelated MFS patients for these mutations as well as for the previously reported mutation (arginine-239 to proline) and found none of the three mutations in any of these patients. These data suggest that most MFS families carry their own distinct mutation.
Dynamics of surfactant-assisted spreading (2009)

The presence of surface-active molecules at interfaces reduces the surface tension, and this property is exploited to drive the spreading of fluid films on the surface of liquid and solid substrates. Surfactant-assisted spreading gives rise to fascinating phenomena that involve complex dynamics and pattern formation; as a result, it has received considerable attention in the literature. This article provides a review of previous work and highlights the important open problems in this area.
Geographic variation in bar-headed geese Anser Indicus : connectivity of wintering areas and breeding grounds across a broad front (2009)

Author: Takekawa, John Y. et al.; Genre: Journal Article; Published in Print: 2009; Title: Geographic variation in bar-headed geese Anser indicus: Connectivity of wintering areas and breeding grounds across a broad front
A recursive clustering technique for color picture segmentation (2003)

A recursive cluster detection technique is described for segmenting the color pictures. The proposed method operates in the (L*,a*,b*)-uniform color space and detects image cluster by fitting them some circular-cylindrical decision volumes. This estimates the clusters' distributions in the uniform color space without imposing any constraints on their forms. Boundaries of the decision elements consists of two planes of constant lightness, two cylinders of constant chroma, and two planes of constant hue. They are determined using 1-D histograms of the L*,H/sup 0/,C* cylindrical coordinates of the space. The detected clusters are then correctly isolated from their neighbors by projecting their estimated color distributions onto the Fisher linear discriminant function for 1-D thresholding.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Ultraviolet weathering of photostabilized wood‐flour‐filled high‐density polyethylene composites (2003)

Abstract Wood‐plastic composites are being increasingly examined for nonstructural or semistructural building applications. As outdoor applications become more widespread, durability becomes an issue. Ultraviolet exposure can lead to photodegradation, which results in a change in appearance and/or mechanical properties. Photodegradation can be slowed through the addition of photostabilizers. In this study, we examined the performance of wood flour/high‐density polyethylene composites after accelerated weathering. Two 2 4 factorial experimental designs were used to determine the effects of two hindered amine light stabilizers, an ultraviolet absorber, a colorant, and their interactions on the photostabilization of high‐density polyethyl‐ ene blends and wood flour/high‐density polyethylene composites. Color change and flexural properties were determined after 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 h of accelerated weathering. The results indicate that both the colorant and ultraviolet absorber were more effective photostabilizers for wood flour/high‐density polyethylene composites than the hindered amine light stabilizers. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 2609–2617, 2003
Stimulation of Na+/H+Exchange by Insulin and Phorbol Ester during Differentiation of 3T3-L1 Cells. Relation to Hexose Uptake* (1988)

Acute exposure of 3T3-L1 undifferentiated fibroblasts to insulin or 4 beta-phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDB) produced a moderate but significant stimulation of hexose transport (100% stimulation). In differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, stimulation by insulin increased significantly (to 340%), while that by PDB remained at 130%. Total protein kinase C activity was 3-fold higher in 3T3-L1 fibroblast than adipocyte homogenates. PDB, but not insulin, induced migration of protein kinase C from the cytosol to the membrane, in both fibroblasts and adipocytes. Moreover, the hormone increased by 15% the protein kinase C activity of the cytosol. In 3T3-L1 fibroblasts, both insulin and PDB elicited a rapid (2 min lag) cytoplasmic alkalinization, measured with the fluorescent pH indicator bis-carboxyethyl carboxyfluorescein trapped in the cytoplasm. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, PDB but not insulin elicited the cytoplasmic alkalinization. The alkalinization was prevented by amiloride or by replacing Na+ with either N-methylglucamine+ or K+. Stimulation of hexose transport by insulin or PDB was not affected by amiloride or Na+ substitution. It is concluded that: 1) Insulin and PDB have different effects on protein kinase C activity and subcellular distribution; 2) the responses of Na+/H+ exchange and hexose transport to insulin and PDB develop independently during differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells; 3) stimulation of Na+/H+ exchange and of hexose transport occur in parallel rather than in series in 3T3-L1 cells.
Interaction of hemlock woolly adelgid populations with host tree health drives population oscillations (2023)

Abstract Adelges tsugae Annand, the hemlock woolly adelgid, is an invasive insect pest of Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriere, eastern hemlock, in the eastern United States. An A. tsugae infestation often results in the death of T. canadensis within years and has caused significant changes to hemlock forests. Cycles in T. canadensis health and A. tsugae densities seem to be an important feature in A. tsugae population dynamics in the eastern United States. To investigate mechanisms leading to such cycles, we construct a model composed of systems of ordinary differential equations with time‐dependent parameters to represent seasonality. The model captures the coupled cycles in T. canadensis health and A. tsugae density. We use field data from Virginia to develop the model and to perform parameter estimation. The mechanisms we represent in the model include an A. tsugae density‐dependent T. canadensis growth rate, a T. canadensis health‐dependent A. tsugae mortality rate, and a density‐dependent A. tsugae mortality rate, which produce cycles in T. canadensis health and A. tsugae density commonly seen with the A. tsugae system in the eastern United States. We test sets of initial conditions to determine the scenarios that will likely lead to T. canadensis mortality and explore longer term dynamics of the system. In general, low and high T. canadensis health initial condition values result in likely T. canadensis mortality while T. canadensis with medium health initial condition values are predicted to survive.
Geothermal reservoir assessment: Northern Basin and Range Province, Stillwater prospect, Churchill County, Nevada. Final report, April 1979-July 1981 (1981)

Union Oil Company of California drilled two exploratory geothermal wells in the Stillwater geothermal prospect area in northwestern Nevada to obtain new subsurface data for inclusion in the geothermal reservoir assessment program. Existing data from prior investigations, which included the drilling of four earlier deep temperature gradient wells in the Stillwater area, was also provided. The two wells were drilled to total depths of 6946 ft and 10,014 ft with no significant drilling problems. A maximum reservoir temperature of 353 F was measured at 9950 ft. The most productive well flow tested at a rate of 152,000 lbs/hr with a wellhead temperature of 252 F and pressure of 20 psig. Based upon current economics, the Stillwater geothermal prospect is considered to be subcommercial for the generation of electrical power. This synopsis of the exploratory drilling activities and results contains summary drilling, geologic, and reservoir information from two exploratory geothermal wells.
Effect of induced unilateral synovitis of distal intertarsal and tarsometatarsal joints on sagittal plane kinematics and kinetics of trotting horses (2003)

Results indicate that horses are able to manage mild, unilateral hind limb lameness by reducing the airborne phase of the stride rather than by increased loading of the compensating limbs.
<title>High-frequency ultrasound imaging using opto-acoustic arrays</title> (2002)

A promising alternative to piezoelectricity for high frequency array applications is optical generation and detection of ultrasound. An array element is defined by the size and location of a laser beam focused onto a suitable surface. We've built a two-dimensional synthetic receive array, where a HeNe laser probes the surface displacements of a thin reflective membrane. Using a conventional transducer as the ultrasound source, images with near optimal resolution and wide fields of view have been produced at 10 - 50 MHz. We are currently exploring a different form of optical detection where the incident ultrasound modulates the thickness of an etalon (a Fabry-Perot interferometer). Preliminary experiments demonstrate improved sensitivity using a high finesse etalon. Our work in optical generation of ultrasound uses the thermoelastic effect. A major drawback to thermoelastic generation has been poor conversion efficiency. We obtained an increase in conversion efficiency of nearly 20 dB using an optical absorbing film consisting of a mixture of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and carbon black. Radiation pattern measurements indicate that we have produced a 75 MHz two-dimensional array element. These results demonstrate the potential of optoacoustic arrays for high frequency ultrasound imaging.
Drug Delivery System Based on Liposome Technology (2010)

リボソームは薬物, 抗原タンパク質, 核酸遺伝子などの運搬担体として有望視されてきた。近年, PEGで表面コーティングされた新しいタイプのリポソームが開発されている。PEG-リポソームは細網内皮系組織 (RES) に取り込まれにくく, 高い血中滞留特性を示す。その特性とEPR効果によって, PEG-リポソームは, がん組織に効率よく集積することができる (パッシブターゲティング) 。我々は, 固形がん組織にパッシブターゲティングされた後にアクティブターゲティングでがん細胞に結合できるトランスフェリン (TF) 修飾PEG一リポソームを開発した。TF-PEG-リポソームは, 血中滞留性と高いがん組織集積性を示し, TFレセプターを介してがん細胞内に取り込まれる。事実, オキサリプラチンをTF-PEG一リポソームに封入した製剤は, オキサリプラチン単独よりもより高い腫瘍内濃度と抗腫瘍効果を示した。リポソーム技術を基に超音波造影ガス (perfluoropropane) を封入したバブルリポソームを開発した。バブルリポソームは, 超音波照射によってキャビテーションを誘発し, その時生じるジェット流で薬物や核酸を種々の細胞に導入可能である。また, マウスにプラスミドDNAとバブルリポソームを尾静注し, 体外より肝臓に向けて超音波照射すると, 肝臓に効率良く遺伝子導入できることを示した。本法は, 非侵襲的な治療システムの構築が可能であり, 今後の発展が期待される。本解説では, TF-PEG-リポソームとバブルリポソームによるDDSについて紹介する。
Synthesis ofgluco-Configured Tetrahydroimidazopyridine-2phosphonate-Derived Lipids, Potential Glucosyl Transferase Inhibitors (1999)

The analogues 1 – 3 of dolichol monophosphatidyl β-D-glucose have been prepared as potential inhibitors of the glucosyl transferase Alg10p. Pd(PPh3)4-catalysed phosphonylation of the iodoimidazole 4 with diethyl, dimethyl, and diphenyl phosphite led to the corresponding phosphonic acid diesters, which were transformed into deprotected and silyl-protected diesters, deprotected monoesters, and protected and unprotected phosphonic acids (Scheme). A N-methyl imidazolium salt was obtained as a by-product of the dimethyl-phosphonylation of the iodoimidazole, and prepared in high yields by methylation of the imidazole 8 with MeI; the corresponding deprotected salt 11 inhibits sweet almond β-glucosidases (IC50=308 μM). Trichloroacetonitrile-promoted monoesterification of the acetylated mono-triethylammonium salt 19 with oleyl alcohol, phytanol, and dolichol-19, followed by deacetylation, gave the desired glycophospholipids.
Effect of Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) Flavonoids on Aromatase (Estrogen Synthase) Activity (2006)

The aim of this work was to study the effect of the prenylflavonoids xanthohumol, isoxanthohumol, and 8-prenylnaringenin on the activity and expression of the enzyme aromatase (estrogen synthase). The effect of different kinds of beer containing these prenylflavonoids was also tested. Aromatase activity was determined by measuring the release of tritiated water during the conversion of [(3)H]androstenedione to estrone. Aromatase expression was determined by RT-PCR. This assay was carried out in choriocarcinoma-derived JAR cells. The tested prenylflavonoids were able to inhibit estrogen formation, and their IC(50) values were determined, although no effect on aromatase expression was found. Lager beer, alcohol-free beer, stout beer, and xanthohumol-rich stout beer (200 microL/mL) significantly decreased aromatase activity. In conclusion, prenylflavonoids are able to modulate aromatase activity, decreasing estrogen synthesis, with relevance for the prevention and treatment of estrogen-dependent disorders such as breast cancer.