gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Vagus Nerve Stimulation in the Treatment of Heart Failure (2017)

The vagus nerve, the longest cranial nerve, mixed, with both motor and sensitive components, innervates the structures derived from the last two pharyngeal arches and constitutes the main efference of the cranial parasympathetic system, presenting the widest distribution in the human body. Vagus nerve dysfunction is encountered in several cardiac diseases including atrial fibrillation (AFib) and heart failure. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) may slow or cancel pathophysiological processes involved in heart failure development. The aim of the current study was to perform a meta-analysis of the available data obtained in a clinical setting for VNS in heart failure patients in order to establish a potential benefit in terms of cardiac function. The authors performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of available data published between January 2010 - April 2017 by searching the Medline database using “vagus nerve stimulation” and “heart failure” as keywords. From 116 identified studies, only 4 met the inclusion criteria after abstract analysis. The four identified studies (2 randomized, 2 non-randomized) evaluated the effect of VNS in patients ³18 years-old with NYHA functional class II-III heart failure due to various causes and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. The two randomized trials failed to demonstrate a significant improvement of mortality rate, functional remodelling or functional capacity in symptomatic heart failure patients compared to the two non-randomized trials that displayed promising results on small and biased study groups. Their observed benefits in quality of life have to be interpreted with caution given the subjective nature and lack patient blindness. In conclusion, prior to new clinical studies, the specific site, intensity and duration of adequate stimulation should be identified together with a method of isolating the efferent vagal fibres in order to avoid cross-stimulation and side-effects.
ChemInform Abstract: Derivate des Phosphorsäure‐o‐phenylenesters. 30. Mitt. Reaktionen von cyclischen PIII‐Verbindungen mit N‐Chloraminen. (1985)

Abstract Aus den Phosphorigsäure‐Derivaten (I) und (IV) erhält man mit Dimethylchloramin (II) die Phosphonium‐Salze (III) bzw. (V).
Dose evaluation of simultaneous breast radiography and mechanical imaging (2023)

This study investigates the impact in terms of radiation dose when performing simultaneous digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and mechanical imaging (MI) – DBTMI. DBTMI has demonstrated the potential to increase specificity of cancer detection, and reduce unnecessary biopsies, as compared to digital mammography (DM) screening. The presence of the MI sensor during simultaneous image acquisition may increase the radiation dose when automatic exposure control is used. In this project, a radiation dose study was conducted on clinically available breast imaging systems with and without the MI sensor. We have investigated three approaches to analyse the dose increase in DBTMI, using (i) the estimates of average glandular dose (AGD) reported in DICOM headers of radiography images; (ii) AGD measured by a conventional dosemeter; and (iii) AGD measured by optically stimulated luminescence using NaCl pellets. The relative increase in AGD estimated from DICOM headers when using the MI sensor was on average 10.7% and 12.4%, for DM and DBT measurements, respectively. The relative increase in AGD using the conventional dosemeter was 11.2% in DM mode and 12.2% in DBT mode. The relative increase in AGD using NaCl pellets was 14.6% in DM mode. Our measurements suggest that the use of simultaneous breast radiography and MI increases the AGD by 13% on average. The increase in dose is still below the acceptable values in mammography screening recommended by the European Guidelines.
The SNP rs961253 in 20p12.3 Is Associated with Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study and a Meta-Analysis of the Published Literature (2012)

The results from our study and the meta-analysis provided firm evidence that rs961253 significantly contributed to CRC risk in both Asian and European population.
Roles of Macrophages in Atherogenesis (2021)

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that may ultimately lead to local proteolysis, plaque rupture, and thrombotic vascular disease, resulting in myocardial infarction, stroke, and sudden cardiac death. Circulating monocytes are recruited to the arterial wall in response to inflammatory insults and differentiate into macrophages which make a critical contribution to tissue damage, wound healing, and also regression of atherosclerotic lesions. Within plaques, macrophages take up aggregated lipoproteins which have entered the vessel wall to give rise to cholesterol-engorged foam cells. Also, the macrophage phenotype is influenced by various stimuli which affect their polarization, efferocytosis, proliferation, and apoptosis. The heterogeneity of macrophages in lesions has recently been addressed by single-cell sequencing techniques. This article reviews recent advances regarding the roles of macrophages in different stages of disease pathogenesis from initiation to advanced atherosclerosis. Macrophage-based therapies for atherosclerosis management are also described.
Differential Impedance Spectroscopy for Monitoring Protein Immobilization and Antibody−Antigen Reactions (2002)

This work describes the theoretical and experimental approaches for monitoring the interfacial biomolecular reaction between immobilized antibody and the antigen binding partner using novel differential impedance spectroscopy. The prerequisite of any biosensor is the immobilization of macromolecules onto the surface of a transducer. It is clear that the function of most macromolecules changes from what is observed in solution once immobilization has occurred. In the worst case, molecules entirely lose their binding activity almost immediately after immobilization. Certain conditions (e.g., denaturation, interfacial effects based on ionic strength, surface charge, dielectric constants, etc.) at interfaces are responsible for alterations of binding activity; it is not clear whether a combination of such processes is understood. However, these processes in combination must be reliably modeled in order to predict the outcome for most macromolecules. This work presents the theoretical and practical means for elucidating the surface reactivity of biomolecular reagents using ion displacement model with antibody-antigen (Ab-Ag) reaction as the test case. The Ab-Ag reaction was directly monitored using a dual-channeled, impedance analyzer capable of 1 measurement/s using covalent immobilization chemistry and polymer-modified electrodes in the absence of a redox probe. The evidence of Ab-Ag binding was revealed through the evolution of differential admittance. The surface loading obtained using the covalent immobilization chemistry was 9.0 x 10(16)/cm2, whereas with polymer-modified electrodes, the surface loading was 9.0 x 10(15)/cm2, representing a 10 times increase in surface reactivity. The proposed approach may be applicable to monitoring other surface interfacial reactions such as DNA-DNA interactions, DNA-protein interactions, and DNA-small molecule interactions.
Performance Improvements of Bixin and Metal-Bixin Complexes Sensitized Solar Cells by 1-Methyl-3-propylimidazolium Iodide in Electrolyte System (2021)

Bixin is one of the potential natural sensitizers used in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In this study, bixin was complexed with Cu(II) and Zn(II) to increase its stability. The formation of the complexes was indicated by shifting peaks absorption and the changes in the fine spectral structure observed from the UV-Vis absorption spectra. The metal-bixin complex occurs due to the interaction between the ester groups of bixin and the metal. Bixin, Cu-bixin, and Zn-bixin were used separately as sensitizers in DSSCs. The DSSCs performance was then improved by adding 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide (MPII) to the electrolyte system. The presence of MPII 0.4 M in KI-I2 electrolyte produced a higher ionic conductivity value (20.44 mS cm–1) than that without MPII (11.14 mS cm–1). This electrolyte system significantly improved DSSCs performance. Under a light intensity of 300 W/m2, the maximum energy conversion efficiencies of DSSC with bixin, Cu-bixin, and Zn-bixin as sensitizers are 0.084, 0.081, and 0.005%, respectively. The Zn-bixin-based DSSC was stable under high light intensity. Under 700 W/m2, its maximum energy conversion efficiency reaches 0.125%. There was a synergistic work observed between the metal-bixin complex and the MPII based electrolyte. This result can open the way for constructing functional materials for solar cell applications.
Silicon Photonic Interconnects for Large-Scale Computer Systems (2012)

Optical interconnects play an integral role in large-scale digital computing, switching, and routing systems. The authors describe a path toward future many-chip modules based on silicon photonic interposers that stitch together tens of chips in a dense and efficient communication infrastructure. They review the guiding design principles for this "macrochip" and describe its canonical energy, loss, and area budgets.
RFIC design by mathematics for next generation wireless access (2015)

Material not received in time for publication in this proceedings record.
LCC Tools for Question Answering. (2002)

<i>H. pylori</i> infects at least 15% of Jordanian children, suggesting a significant drop in infection rates in this group. Larger-scale studies combined with clinical evaluations will be important for further understanding the reasons for the observed decrease in <i>H. pylori</i> infections in Jordanian children.
Antimicrobial and Gas Barrier Crustaceans and Fungal Chitin-Based Coatings on Biodegradable Bioplastic Films (2022)

Chitin nanofibrils (CN) can be obtained from crustaceans and fungal sources and can be used for preparing coatings for bioplastic films, that are fundamental for developing a safe and sustainable biodegradable food packaging. Coatings with different concentrations of CN from shrimps were applied on different bioplastic substrates, like Poly (butylene succinate-co-adipate)/Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PBSA/PHBV) blend, Polybutylene succinate (PBS), and Polybutylene adipate terephthalate/Poly(lactic acid) (PBAT/PLA) blend, but the adhesion to the substrates was scarce. On the contrary, the fungal-based CN showed a better adhesion. Additionally, it was found that the use of an additive based on oligomeric lactic acid was useful to prepare a coating with an improved adhesion to bioplastics. The gas barrier properties to oxygen and water vapour of coated and un-coated films were measured, revealing an improvement of these properties thanks to applied coatings, especially towards the oxygen. Antimicrobial properties and biodegradation capacity were also evaluated revealing an antibacterial effect of the coatings that did not significantly interfere with their biodegradability. The results are discussed and interpreted considering the correlation between composition and macromolecular structures with the observed functional properties.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-5 from Chemotherapeutic Agents Up-regulate the Cytomegalovirus Promoter: Implications for Bioluminescence Imaging of Tumor Response to Therapy (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-5 from Chemotherapeutic Agents Up-regulate the Cytomegalovirus Promoter: Implications for Bioluminescence Imaging of Tumor Response to Therapy
A study of the Sabatier-methanation reaction kinetics (1974)

The kinetics of the Sabatier methanation reaction, the reduction of carbon dioxide with hydrogen to methane and water, was investigated for 58 percent nickel on kieselguhr catalyst and 20 percent ruthenium on alumina catalyst. Differential rate data from an experimental program were correlated with a power function rate equation both for forward and reverse reactions. The kinetic parameters of activation energy, frequency rate constant and reaction order were determined for the rate equation. The values of these parameters were obtained from an Arrhenius plot of the experimental differential rate data. Also the carbon monoxide side reaction effect was measured and included in the correlation of parameters. The reaction was found to fit the rate equation experimentally within the temperature range 421 K, where the reaction effectively begins, the 800 K where the reaction rate drops and departs from the rate equation form.
Permeability of Soft Magnetic FeCoV-Composites for Varying Filler Fractions (2010)

The dependence of permeability on the magnetic field in the initial magnetization curve for different Fe49 Co49V2-polymer composites is investigated. For a measurement frequency of f = 1 Hz and a low filler fraction of x = 0.1 the permeability is nearly constant with increasing magnetic field with a small maximum at H = 26100 A/m. Increasing filler fraction causes an increase of initial permeability and also the maximum permeability becomes more and more distinctive. Additionally the position of the maximum shifts to a lower magnetic field of H = 3027 A/m for filler fraction x = 0.8. At this filler fraction the maximum permeability is ?max = 57 and the initial permeability is ?i = 36. At the magnetic field where the maximum permeability was found also the frequency dependence from 1 Hz to 2000 Hz of the permeability was estimated. While the permeability is nearly constant in the whole examined frequency range for a filler fraction x ? 0.2, a higher filler fraction causes a reduction of permeability at higher frequencies. For the composite with 80-vol. % Fe49Co49V2 content the permeability is decreased for frequencies f > 100 Hz.
Experimental analysis of longitudinal vortex dynamics (2022)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-3305.vid The present paper deals with the vortex wandering of the streamwise vortex past a delta wing. The delta wing is designed to mimic the vortex past an engine nacelle strake. The vortex is investigated by means of a time-resolved Stereo-PIV. Two modal decomposition techniques, namely POD and DMD, are employed to analyze coherent structures in the vortex motion. The results indicate the presence of two dominant flow structures with frequencies at roughly 60 and 1000 Hz. Spatial appearance of the observed modes resembles results found in literature.
ChemInform Abstract: Symmetric Bis‐benzimidazoles: New Sequence‐Selective DNA‐Binding Molecules. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Comparison of the Non-Invasive Monitoring of Fresh-Cut Lettuce Condition with Imaging Reflectance Hyperspectrometer and Imaging PAM-Fluorimeter (2021)

We compared two approaches to non-invasive proximal sensing of the early changes in fresh-cut lettuce leaf quality: hyperspectral imaging and imaging of variable chlorophyll fluorescence contained in the leaves. The estimations made by the imaging techniques were confronted with the quality assessments made by traditional biochemical assays (i.e., relative water content and foliar pigment (chlorophyll and carotenoid) composition. The hyperspectral imaging-based approach provided the highest sensitivity to the decline of fresh-cut lettuce leaf quality taking place within 24 h from cutting. Using of the imaging pulse-amplitude modulated PAM chlorophyll fluorometer was complicated by (i) weak correlation of the spatial distribution pattern of the Qy parameter with the actual physiological condition of the plant object and (ii) its high degree of heterogeneity. Accordingly, the imaging PAM-based approach was sensitive only to the manifestations of leaf quality degradation at advanced stages of the process. Sealing the leaves in polyethylene bags slowed down the leaf quality degradation at the initial stages (&lt;three days) but promoted its rate at more advanced stages, likely due to build-up of ethylene in the bags. An approach was developed to the processing of hyperspectral data for non-invasive monitoring of the lettuce leaves with a potential for implementation in greenhouses and packing lines.
A new technique for low-angle radar tracking (2002)

A new technique is described which is based on nonlinear modeling and which is designed expressly for radar tracking of low-angle targets in naval environments. Results obtained from both simulation and experimental data are presented to show that the technique is effective and robust in terms of providing accurate estimates of target heights.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Spectral analysis of packet loss rate at a statistical multiplexer for multimedia services (1994)

Uses the well known technique of power spectral representation to characterize the second order statistics of packet loss during congestion at a statistical multiplexer. Unlike the steady state statistics, the second order statistics measures the time correlation behavior of loss. Typically, the low frequency loss power is associated with long periods of highly consecutive loss. The effect of the loss rate power spectrum on transmission qualities is service dependent. The study indicates that, by selective packet discarding, one can properly change the distribution of the overall loss rate spectrum among the multiplexed traffic streams, which can significantly improve the transmission quality of individual services. Moreover, with the design of multi-level buffer overload control, one can tune the loss rate steady state distribution of different priority streams to a piece-wise step function, which minimizes the packet loss impact on service qualities.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The Efficacy of Prevascularization by Basic FGF for Hepatocyte Transplantation Using Polymer Devices in Rats (2001)

This study used polymer devices implanted in rats to investigate the effect of prevascularization by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on hepatocyte transplantation (HTx). Lewis rats served as both donors and recipients. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) sponges with either hydrogel containing bFGF (bFGF group) or distilled water (control group) were implanted between the mesenteric leaves of recipient rats. Hepatotrophic stimulation was induced by a portacaval shunt and a 70% partial hepatectomy. After 1 week of prevascularization, hepatocytes harvested from the donor Lewis rats using a collagenase digestive method were injected into the sponges. Specimens were harvested at 2 weeks, 1 month, and 2 months after HTx. Histologic examination revealed that the control groups contained small numbers of hepatocytes restricted to the peripheral areas of the sponges. However, a large number of hepatocytes, including clusters, was found distributed uniformly in the bFGF group. In the bFGF group at 2 weeks, 1 month, and 2 months, the percentage of the sponge occupied by hepatocytes was 7.21+/-2.64%, 6.98+/-2.59%, and 5.58+/-3.77%, respectively. The corresponding ratios for the control group were 0.40+/-0.39%, 0.40+/-0.40%, and 0.87+/-1.51%. In addition, the mean number of new blood vessels in the bFGF group was significantly greater than that in the control group at 0 days, 2 weeks, and 1 month after HTx. These results suggest that bFGF strongly induced vascularization, which enabled a large number of hepatocytes to survive in the polymer devices.
<title>Parallel computation of image compression transformations</title> (1998)

The mergence of fast, embeddable parallel processors such as SIMD meshes and networked multiprocessors has motivated increased parallel algorithm development for image and signal processing (ISP) and automated target recognition (ATR). Among such applications are real-time video compression for Internet communication, videotelephony, and videoteleconferencing. In general, image or signal compression transforms tend to be attractive candidates for parallel implementations. For example, due to a rectangular, non-overlapping partition structure, block-oriented transforms such as JPEG can be processed in pipeline fashion. In contrast, implementational challenges accrue as a result of between-block data and control dependencies encountered in various pyramid-structured or hierarchical compression transforms such as wavelet-based coding. This paper summarizes ongoing research in the mapping of image compression transforms to SIMD-parallel computers. Three classes of algorithms are considered: (1) streaming, (2) block-oriented, and (3) hierarchically structured. It is shown that classes 1 and 2 are suitable for SIMD computation, particularly where mesh segments can be connected to form a pipeline. Computation is facilitated by modifying a SIMD mesh to form a brute-force synchronous MIMD processor, which is called a multi-SIMD or MSIMD architecture. Several designs for pipelined compression transform implementation on an MSIMD mesh are analyzed in terms of critical computational complexity and error. Analysis also emphasize theory, software, and parallelism required to support resolution of data and control dependencies encountered in ISP/ATR practice.
Decoding cognitive brain states (2013)

The last years have seen a rise in interest in using BCI methodology for investigating non-medical questions beyond the purpose of communication and control. This abstract first provides a short introduction to BCI challenges from a machine learning perspective. The remaining sections present selected applications of BCI discussing in particular the use of EEG in combination with BCI methods for investigating how signal quality is processed on a sensory and cognitive level.
Slow design for meaningful interactions (2013)

In this paper we report on an exploration of how to apply the theory of Slow Design to mass produced products to establish more mindful usage of products; the intention behind this is to promote product attachment and the associated sustainable benefits of long term use. Slow Design is a design philosophy that focuses on promoting well-being for individuals, society, and the natural environment. It encourages people to do things at the right time and at the right speed which helps them to understand and reflect on their actions. Several authors have proposed Slow Design principles and cases have been reported in which these principles were applied in cultural design projects. These applications indicated that Slow Design can indeed have a positive impact on wellbeing. Although promising, this philosophy has not yet been used in the design of mass consumer products. In this paper we present a design case study in which we explored how the Slow Design principles can be applied in the design of an electric fruit juicer. Two studies are reported on where the conditions for implementing Slow Design are explored. The results led to a revision of the principles for use by product designers. The main finding from the case study is that the Slow Design principles can be used to create more 'mindful' interactions that stimulate positive user involvement. This is not from designing interactions that require more time per se, but by stimulating the user to use more time for those parts of the interaction that are meaningful and less for those that are not meaningful.
Architecture of Wideband High-Efficiency Envelope Tracking Power Amplifier for Base Station (2010)

This paper proposes new architectures for envelope-tracking power supplies for base stations. (1) The proposed multiphase DC-DC converter circuit uses multiple switching circuits with hysteresis comparators (as well as a voltage follower circuit), each optimized for a different envelope frequency, to realize both high efficiency and wide bandwidth. (2) We also propose the one using interleaved PWM switching circuits. The operation of the circuits, and simulation results, are described.