gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Introduction to Modern Statistical Mechanics (1988)

Thermodynamics, fundamentals conditions for equilibrium and stability statistical mechanics non-interacting (ideal) systems statistical mechanical theory of phase transitions Monte Carlo method in statistical mechanics classical fluids statistical mechanics of non-equilibrium systems.
Preproenkephalin promoter yields region-specific and long-term expression in adult brain after direct in vivo gene transfer via a defective herpes simplex viral vector. (1994)

We have previously used a defective herpes simplex virus vector to express a foreign gene in the adult rat brain. One application of this technology would be the in vivo analysis of promoter function in brain after de novo transfer, which would allow the rapid generation of vectors with localized application in a broad range of mammalian species while avoiding influences of other nearby promoters. A 2.7-kb fragment of the rat preproenkephalin promoter was placed upstream of the bacterial lacZ gene in our herpes simplex virus amplicon. A restricted pattern of lacZ expression was observed in vivo, which follows previously observed patterns of endogenous preproenkephalin expression. These results, from the direct gene transfer into an adult animal brain for in vivo promoter analysis, demonstrate that sequence information that influences restricted expression of preproenkephalin is located within 2.7 kb upstream of transcriptional initiation. lacZ expression was also observed in rat brain for 2 months after direct transfer, and PCR analysis confirmed the continued presence of amplicon DNA in lacZ-positive sections. Restricted and long-term expression observed with an endogenous promoter has important implications for gene therapy using viral vectors.
Repetitive Head Trauma Induces Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy by Multiple Mechanisms (2020)

Exposure to repetitive neurotrauma increases lifetime risk for developing progressive cognitive deficits, neurobehavioral abnormalities, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). CTE is a tau protein neurodegenerative disease first identified in boxers and recently described in athletes participating in other contact sports (notably American football, ice hockey, rugby, and wrestling) and in military veterans with blast exposure. Currently, CTE can only be diagnosed by neuropathological examination of the brain after death. The defining diagnostic lesion of CTE consists of patchy perivascular accumulations of hyperphosphorylated tau protein that localize in the sulcal depths of the cerebral cortex. Neuronal abnormalities, axonopathy, neurovascular dysfunction, and neuroinflammation are triggered by repetitive head impacts (RHIs) and likely act as catalysts for CTE pathogenesis and progression. However, the specific mechanisms that link RHI to CTE are unknown. This review will explore two important areas of CTE pathobiology. First, we will review what is known about the biomechanical properties of RHI that initiate CTE-related pathologies. Second, we will provide an overview of key features of CTE neuropathology and how these contribute to abnormal tau hyperphosphorylation, accumulation, and spread.
Investigation of Flying-Height Stability of Thermal Fly-Height Control Sliders in Lubricant or Solid Contact with Roughness (2010)

When the magnetic spacing in hard disk drives is reduced to sub-3 nm, contact between the slider and disk becomes inevitable. Stability analysis is used in this study to investigate the head–disk interface (HDI) stability of thermal fly-height control (TFC) sliders in light contact with the disk lubricant or solid roughness. We implement an improved DMT model with sub-boundary lubrication into the CML air bearing program and analyze the stability of equilibrium states of a TFC slider under different thermal actuations. It is found that stability is lost when the slider penetrates deeper into the lubricant layer, due to a fast growth in the adhesion force, and it is restored when the solid roughness contact develops. In addition, the critical point for the onset of this instability and the range of this instability region is found to vary with lubricant thickness and protrusion surface steepness, while keeping the air bearing design the same.
Linking measured intercellular oxygen concentration to human cell functions (2004)

(2004). Linking measured intercellular oxygen concentration to human cell functions. Acta Oncologica: Vol. 43, No. 6, pp. 598-600.
11A-3 A Novel Sensitive Targeted Imaging Technique for Ultrasonic Molecular Imaging (2007)

We have recently developed a targeted imaging technique for selective and sensitive ultrasound molecular imaging by taking advantage of wideband transient high frequency acoustic emission from ultrasound contrast agents. The imaging modality makes use of a novel multi-frequency co-linear array (two outer 1.4 MHz and one center 5.3 MHz arrays) transducer integrated with the Siemens Antares System. The imaging sequence includes a B-mode imaging pulse sequence in which a short pulse is transmitted with the outer low frequency arrays and received with the inner high frequency array (TLRH: transmit at low frequency and receive at high frequency), followed by a long radiation force pulse to induce immediate bubble adhesion using the center array, and a second B-mode imaging pulse sequence. The RF data obtained from the second B-mode pulse sequence are averaged and then subtracted from the first B-mode sequence. The imaging technique was tested in a targeted imaging phantom, where lipid-shelled biotin microbubbles flow within an avidin coated-cellulose. Results showed that tissue signals were suppressed up to 33 dB and a targeted bubble contrast-to-free bubble signal ratio of up to 23 dB was obtained from the composite sequence imaging.
The synthesis and structure of the alkaline earth metal organic compounds [M(OAr)2(thf)n][M = Ca, n= 3 (1) or 0; M = Ba, n= 4] and [{Ca(NR2)(µNR2)(thf)}2], and the X-ray structure of (1)(Ar = C6H2But2-2,6-Me-4; R = SiMe3; thf - OC4H8) (1990)

Treatment of highly reactive, pyrophoric calcium or barium (obtained by co-condensation of the appropriate metal vapour and toluene) in tetrahydrofuran with (i) ArOH (Ca more reactive than Ba) affords the phenoxide [M(OAr)2(thf)n][M = Ca and n= 3 (1), or n= 0 after heating at 80°C and 10–2 Torr; M = Ba, n= 4], or (ii) R2NH (for M = Ca) yields [{Ca(NR2)(µ-NR2)(thf)}2][also obtained from (1)+ 2LiNR2 in n-C6H14; Ar = C6H2But2-2,6-Me-4; R = SiMe3)]; the X-ray structure of crystalline (1) shows a distorted trigonal bipyramidal Ca environment with the thf ligands in apical sites.
One-way delay estimation using network-wide measurements (2006)

We present a novel approach for the estimation of one-way delays between network nodes without any time synchronization in the network. It is based on conducting multiple and simple one-way measurements among pairs of nodes, and estimating the one-way delays by optimizing the value of a global objective function that is affected by the overall network topology and not just by individual measurements. We examine two objective functions. The first intuitive choice is the least square error (LSE). Using a novel concept of delay-induced link probabilities, we develop a second objective function that is based on the maximum-entropy (ME) principle. Extensive numerical experiments show that both functions considerably outperform the common method of halving the round-trip delays. They also show that ME outperforms the commonly used LSE.
Linear Displacement Calibration System Integrated with a Novel Auto-Alignment Module for Optical Axes (2020)

The quality of processed workpieces is affected directly by the precision of the linear stage. Therefore, the linear displacement calibration of machine tools must be implemented before delivery and after employment for a period of time. How to perform a precise calibration with high inspection efficiency is a critical issue in the precision mechanical engineering industry. In this study, the self-developed system integrated by the measurement module based on the common path Fabry-Pérot interferometer for linear displacement and the auto-alignment module for optical axes was proposed to realize the automatic linear displacement calibration of the linear stages. The measurement performance of the developed structure was verified experimentally. With the auto-alignment module, the cosine error was reduced to 0.36 nm and the entire procedure accomplished within 75 s without the limitation of the perceived resolution of the human eye, operational experience, and the risk of misalignment and broken cable. According to the comparison of experimental results for the linear displacement, the repeatability of the proposed measurement module was less than 0.171 μm. After the compensation procedure according to the linear displacement calibration, the systematic positional deviation, repeatability, and accuracy of the linear axis could be improved to 4 μm, 1 μm, and 5 μm respectively. Hence, the calibration efficiency can be improved by 80% with the proposed compact system, which is beneficial for the linear displacement calibration of machine tools in the precision mechanical engineering industry.
Identification of a Third Fuzzless Seed Locus in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) (2002)

Segregating populations were developed to evaluate the inheritance of the fuzzless seed phenotypes in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Accession 143 of the Mississippi Obsolete Variety Collection (MOVC) has a fuzzless seed phenotype. This line carries the n(2) locus which is recessive to the seed fuzz phenotype. Data from the F(2), BC(1)F(1), F(2:3), and BC(1)F(2) populations of DP 5690 x 143 fit a two-loci model for expression of the recessive fuzzless seed phenotype. Fuzzless seeds were obtained in n(2)n(2) plants when a second recessive locus (n(3)) was present. The dominant N(3) allele found in DP 5690 confers the fuzzy seed phenotype in homozygous n(2) plants. Accession 243 of the MOVC carries the N(1) locus, which is dominant to the presence of seed coat fuzz. No variation from expected ratios was observed in the F(2), BC(1)F(1), F(2:3), and BC(1)F(2) populations of the DP 5690 x 243 cross. The N(3) allele had no apparent effect on the expression of the N(1) locus. In a cross between accessions 243 x 143, a few plants were observed which were completely devoid of lint and fuzz fiber (fiberless). A fiberless line was developed from one of these fiberless plants. This line was designated MD 17 fiberless. In a cross between DP 5690 x MD 17 fiberless, we demonstrated that at least three loci were involved in the expression of the fiberless phenotype. The involvement of n(2) and n(3) in the expression of this fiberless phenotype was demonstrated in the F(2) progeny of the cross between 143 x MD 17 fiberless. This is the first demonstration that N(1), n(2), and n(3) interacted to produce fiberless seed.
Accelerated 3D Left Atrial Late Gadolinium Enhancement in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation at 1.5 T: Technical Development (2020)

The proposed 3D LA LGE method produced clinically acceptable image quality with 1.5 mm × 1.5 mm × 2-mm nominal spatial resolution and 6-minute predictable imaging time for quantification of LA scar and fibrosis in patients with AF. <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> © RSNA, 2020.
CD44+/CD24- breast cancer cells exhibit enhanced invasive properties: an early step necessary for metastasis (2006)

A subpopulation (CD44+/CD24-) of breast cancer cells has been reported to have stem/progenitor cell properties. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this subpopulation of cancer cells has the unique ability to invade, home, and proliferate at sites of metastasis. CD44 and CD24 expression was determined by flow cytometry. Northern blotting was used to determine the expression of proinvasive and 'bone and lung metastasis signature' genes. A matrigel invasion assay and intracardiac inoculation into nude mice were used to evaluate invasion, and homing and proliferation at sites of metastasis, respectively. Five among 13 breast cancer cell lines examined (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-436, Hs578T, SUM1315, and HBL-100) contained a higher percentage (>30%) of CD44+/CD24- cells. Cell lines with high CD44+/CD24- cell numbers express basal/mesenchymal or myoepithelial but not luminal markers. Expression levels of proinvasive genes (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, and urokinase plasminogen activator [UPA]) were higher in cell lines with a significant CD44+/CD24- population than in other cell lines. Among the CD44+/CD24--positive cell lines, MDA-MB-231 has the unique property of expressing a broad range of genes that favor bone and lung metastasis. Consistent with previous studies in nude mice, cell lines with CD44+/CD24- subpopulation were more invasive than other cell lines. However, only a subset of CD44+/CD24--positive cell lines was able to home and proliferate in lungs. Breast cancer cells with CD44+/CD24- subpopulation express higher levels of proinvasive genes and have highly invasive properties. However, this phenotype is not sufficient to predict capacity for pulmonary metastasis.
Towards ubiquitous smart outlets for safety and energetic efficiency of home electric appliances (2011)

In this paper we present an intelligent device-level residential energy monitoring and controlling platform based on interactive outlets and light dimmer-switches. The platform allows users to monitor, control and compare electricity consumption of appliances connected to the residential power network. In our prototype we are able to perform control via remote control, mobile phone, TV or web interface. Managing intelligence and awareness are achieved through the user-defined behavioral scripts executed on the Home Controller device. These scripts enable the system to automatically respond on any change in the energy consumption scheme, by notifying the user or executing a predefined operation. The system intelligently controls power consumption of all appliances connected to the smart network, contributing to energy savings in the household.
Exploring the chemical enhancement for surface-enhanced Raman scattering with Au bowtie nanoantennas (2006)

Single metallic bowtie nanoantennas provide a controllable environment for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of adsorbed molecules. Bowties have experimentally measured electromagnetic enhancements, enabling estimation of chemical enhancement for both the bulk and the few-molecule regime. Strong fluctuations of selected Raman lines imply that a small number of p-mercaptoaniline molecules on a single bowtie show chemical enhancement >10(7), much larger than previously believed, likely due to charge transfer between the Au surface and the molecule. This chemical sensitivity of SERS has significant implications for ultra-sensitive detection of single molecules.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Phosphatase PTP4A3 Promotes Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Growth and Predicts Poor Patient Survival (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supp Fig 1 - Hierarchical clustering analysis of phosphatase expression (shown on the vertical axis) in 102 human breast cancers (shown on horizontal axis) demonstrates differential expression that distinguishes triple-negative from ER-positive human breast tumors. Gene expression analysis of 102 human breast tumors reveals 276 probe sets representing phosphatases and phosphatase-associated genes that are differentially expressed between triple-negative and ER-positive human breast tumors (FDR = 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;
VWF self-association: more bands for the buck (2010)

In this issue of Blood , Dayananda and coworkers demonstrate that fluid-phase VWF can bind homotypically to platelet VWF, strengthening platelet-platelet association and enhancing platelet activation.[1][1]

The hemostatic function of von Willebrand factor (VWF) depends on its degree of
Conversion of a 2D Lepidocrocite-Type Layered Titanate into Its 1D Nanowire Form with Enhancement of Cation Exchange and Photocatalytic Performance (2019)

Layered titanates with one-dimensional (1D) shapes have been an important class of nanomaterials due to their combination of 1D and 2D fascinating properties. Among many layered titanates, lepidocrocite-type layered titanates have significant advantages such as superior intercalation and exfoliation properties, while the synthesis of the 1D-shape forms is still challenging. Here, we report on a facile one-pot hydrothermal conversion of a lepidocrocite-type layered titanate into the corresponding nanowire-shape form. The reaction mechanism involves the decomposition of the starting layered titanate into 1D small segments which assemble into the nanowire. This new nanowire shows properties resulting from the combination of 1D and 2D nanostructural features, excellent cation exchange ability, and high photoinduced charge separation and photocatalytic efficiency. As a demonstration, we evaluate the nanowire as a sequestrating material capable of collecting toxic cations, like Cd<sup>2+</sup>, from water and photoreducing them (immobilizing them tightly). We find that the nanowire shows an efficient and ultrafast photoimmobilization activity, whereas the starting layered titanate and a benchmark TiO<sub>2</sub> photocatalyst (P25) show no activity under the identical conditions. The photoimmobilization rate (within 1 min) is considerably faster than the cation exchange rates reported for state-of-the-art cation exchangers (with no photoimmobilization ability). The nanowire used for photoimmobilization reactions is easily recovered from water by decantation, showing the possible practical use for safe disposal of toxic cations in the environment.
Correction to: Factors predicting long-term comorbidities in patients with Cushing’s syndrome in remission (2019)

The original version of this article unfortunately published with traditional Springer copyright instead of open access under Springer compact agreement.
Abstract 57: Impact of Collaterals on Successful Revascularization in SWIFT (2013)

Background: Collaterals are a potential determinant of recanalization and tissue fate after endovascular therapy. We analyzed angiographic collateral grade to ascertain impact on the novel endpoint of successful revascularization without symptomatic hemorrhage, a “metric of unqualified success” in the SWIFT trial. Methods: Collateral grade was independently assessed with the ASITN/SIR scale on baseline angiography, blind to core lab and other data. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses detailed the relationship of collateral grade with clinical, laboratory and imaging parameters. Results: Angiographic data on collaterals were available in 119/144 subjects (mean age 67±12 years, 52% female, median NIHSS 18 (range 8-28)). Collateral grade was 0-1 (none or marginal) in 32 (27%), 2 (partial) in 48 (40%), 3 (complete but delayed) in 35 (29%), and 4 (complete and early) in 4 (3%). Collateral vigor was unrelated to age or gender. Elevated baseline blood glucose was noted with worse collaterals (0-1 - mean 154±65 mg/dL; 2 - 140±75; 3 - 124±33; 4 - 99±10; p=0.013). Elevated baseline systolic BP was also associated with worse collaterals (0-1 - mean 149±24 mm Hg; 2 - 137±23; 3 - 137±24; 4 - 138±10; p=0.039). Multivariate predictors of partial or worse collaterals included absence of prior hypertension (OR 4.049, p=0.012), smoking history (OR 3.822, p=0.013) and higher blood glucose (OR 1.017, p=0.022). Collaterals were strongly related to ASPECTS at baseline (0-1 - median 8 (3-10); 2 - 9 (5-10); 3 - 9 (7-10); 4 - 9 (8-10); p&lt;0.001) and 24 hours (0-1 - median 1 (0-5); 2 - 6 (0-10); 3 - 8 (0-10); 4 - 8 (4-8); p&lt;0.001). Partial or worse collaterals were associated with symptomatic hemorrhage (p=0.075). Better collaterals were linked with TICI 2b/3 reperfusion (p=0.019), better median NIHSS at Day 7/discharge (p&lt;0.001) and better Day 90 mRS (p&lt;0.001). Better collaterals were noted in patients with successful revascularization without symptomatic hemorrhage, mean 2.3 (95% CI 2.1-2.5) vs. 1.9 (95% CI 1.7-2.2), p=0.021. Conclusions: Collateral rigor was associated with lower glucose, lower BP, and smaller baseline infarcts in SWIFT. Better collaterals predicted greater likelihood of successful revascularization without hemorrhage and better clinical outcomes.
Solubilities of carbon dioxide in water and 1 wt. % sodium chloride solution at pressures up to 10 MPa and temperatures from 80 to 200.degree.C (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolubilities of carbon dioxide in water and 1 wt. % sodium chloride solution at pressures up to 10 MPa and temperatures from 80 to 200.degree.CJohn A. Nighswander, Nicolas Kalogerakis, and Anil K. MehrotraCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1989, 34, 3, 355–360Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je00057a027https://doi.org/10.1021/je00057a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1187Altmetric-Citations164LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Noninvasive measurement of iron: report of an NIDDK workshop (2002)

An international workshop on the noninvasive measurement of iron was conducted by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) on April 17, 2001, to assess the current state of the science and to identify areas needing further investigation. The workshop concluded that a clear clinical need is evident for quantitative, noninvasive, safe, accurate, and readily available means of measuring body storage iron to improve the diagnosis and management of patients with iron overload from such disorders as hereditary hemochromatosis, thalassemia major, sickle cell disease, aplastic anemia, and myelodysplasia, among others. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) potentially provides the best available technique for examining the 3-dimensional distribution of excess iron in the body, but further research is needed to develop means of making measurements quantitative. Biomagnetic susceptometry provides the only noninvasive method to measure tissue iron stores that has been calibrated, validated, and used in clinical studies, but the complexity, cost, and technical demands of the liquid-helium-cooled superconducting instruments required at present have restricted clinical access to the method. The workshop identified basic and clinical research opportunities for deepening our understanding of the physical properties of iron and iron toxicity, for further investigation of MRI as a method for quantitative determinations of tissue iron, especially in liver, heart and brain, and for development of improved methods and more widely available instrumentation for biomagnetic susceptometry.