gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimation of the Γ-X crossover composition in disordered (Al/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/)/sub 0.5/In/sub 0.5/P using n-i-n diodes (2002)

The conduction band offset between (Al/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/)/sub 0.5/In/sub 0.5/P and Ga/sub 0.5/In/sub 0.5/P has been determined from the I-V characteristics of n-i-n diodes fabricated from these materials. These measurements were made as a function of temperature for various aluminium compositions, x, thus providing an estimate of the /spl Gamma/-X crossover composition in the AlGaInP.
Sea surface effects on reverberation vertical coherence and inverted bottom acoustic parameters in the East China Sea (2004)

Wideband reverberation measurements were repeatedly conducted at the center of the ASAEX site in the East China Sea, on 3 and 5 June, 2001. Between these two measurement days, wind speed and rms wave height changed significantly, going from about 1 m/s and 0.1 m to 10 m/s and 0.35 m, respectively. This paper will compare reverberation vertical coherence (RVC) and RVC-inverted equivalent bottom acoustic parameters in frequency range of 100–1200 Hz for the two measurements [J. X. Zhou and X. Z. Zhang, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 113, 2204 (2003)]. The difference of equivalent bottom reflection losses, obtained from two measurements, is well explained by the supporting sea surface data. The results show that an inversion of seabottom acoustic parameters from shallow-water long-range reverberation (or sound propagation) should take the surface condition into account, especially for higher sea states and higher frequencies. [Work supported by ONR and NNSF of China.]
[The effect of teat dipping with jodophores on udder health and the iodine content of the milk (author's transl)]. (1975)

The effect of teat-dipping with iodophore preparations on the incidence of mastitis was investigated for a period of 13 months in (i) 7 herds averaging 52 cows with an iodophore solution (JO-BAC¿ Superdip, 0.5 % active iodine) and in (ii) 9 herds averaging 47 cows with an iodophore solution (F 1042, 0.33 % active iodine). Teat-dipping was performed after each milking. The udder health of 8 herds averaging 28 cows was followed as a control (iii). Udder health was studied by CMT and bacterial examination of udder quarter samples every 10th week and by electronic cell counts of bulk milk every month. The mean incidence of infection at the beginning and end of the trial, the incidence of newly infected cows and quarters during the trial for each group was (i) 13.0 leads to 8.8 % of cows, 9.3 % of cows, 2.7 % of quarters; (ii) 17.4 % leads to 8.6 % of cows, 10.2 % of cows, 3.9 % of quarters; and (iii) 9.1 % leads to 15.6 % of cows, 13.7 % of cows and 4.5 % of quarters, respectively. Mean cell content of the three first and last cell counts were (i) 380.000 leads to 260.000 (ii) 310.000 leads to 280.000 and (iii) 250.000 leads to 260.000 cells/ml, respectively. The effect of teat-dipping with iodophore solution on the iodine content of bulk milk was investigated simultaneously in the above herds at monthly intervals. A further 26 herds (iiii) which did not employ iodine-containing teat-dips, were also studied. The mean iodine contents for the groups were (i) 127 mug/l, (ii) 152 mug/l; (iii) 94 mug/l and (iiii) 89 mug/l. The effect of teat-dipping with iodophore solution on the iodine content of bulk milk was also investigated in 13 herds where all delivered milk was examined for iodine content during 3 successive 14-day periods, namely (a) a control period without teat-dipping, (aa) a period using a weak iodine solution (0.1 % active iodine), and (aaa) a period using the recommended concentration. The mean iodine content in the 13 herds during period (a) varied from 14 to 266 mug/l and the mean for all herds was 65 mug/l. Corresponding figures for period (aa) were 30--291 and 88 mug/l and for period (aaa) 66--404 and 146 mug/l.
Toward Active Cannulas: Miniature Snake-Like Surgical Robots (2006)

We have developed a new class of continuously flexible snake-like robots, called active cannulas, that consist of several telescoping pre-curved superelastic tubes. The devices derive bending actuation not from tendon wires or other external mechanisms, but from elastic energy stored in the backbone itself. This allows active cannulas to have a small diameter and a high degree of dexterity, which should enable them to navigate through complex anatomy to sites inaccessible by current surgical robotic devices. Active cannulas may also enhance patient safety because their inherent compliance mitigates potential trauma from inadvertent tool-tissue collision. A consequence of our design is that dexterity improves with miniaturization. A kinematic description of active cannula shape requires a model of the elastic interaction of telescoping pre-curved flexible tubes, and we derive a two-"link" beam mechanics-based model. Experiments using curved nitinol tubes and wires validate the model.
Acute Arteriovenous Access Failure: Long-Term Outcomes of Endovascular Salvage and Assessment of Co-Variates Affecting Patency (2015)

EVS is effective but longer-term outcomes are poor. Presence of thrombosis portends poor fistula survival and strategies for prevention need attention. Balloon maceration, our preferred declotting technique, is safe and the most cost-effective method. Aspirin therapy for patients presenting with failure of fistulae deserves further investigation.
On the principle of stripline circulation (1962)

A circular disc of gyromagnetic material, when placed between two infinite plane conductors and magnetized axially, can support cylindrical modes having no field variation in the axial direction. In terms of a superposition of some of these (radiating) modes the physical principle of the stripline circulator can be explained, at least tentatively.Moreover, from this theory some information can be obtained about the dependence of physical dimensions (such as disc radius and stripline width) on frequency, magnetic bias field and magnetization. Reference is made to the eigen resonances of the ferrite disc. Some experimental results are given and compared with the theory.
Cathodic electrodeposition from aqueous solution of dense or open‐structured zinc oxide films (1996)

Direct electrodeposition of zinc oxide films is reported for the first time. That this method of preparation is suited to large‐scale production could be important for applications of ZnO, e.g., in solar cells. In addition to a description of the preparation and properties of the films, it is shown that the morphology of the layer can be controlled, varying from compact to open (see figure) structures. magnified image
Use of outdoor artificial streams to determine threshold toxicity concentrations for a petrochemical effluent (1992)

Abstract A system of six partly flow-through, partly recirculating, streams was constructed outdoors from stainless steel and divided into pool and riffle sections to closely simulate a natural stream environment. The organic fraction extracted from the effluent of a petrochemical manufacturing plant was identified as a mixture of chlorinated ethers. The effluent extract was applied to three of the streams to maintain nominal concentrations of chlorinated ethers of 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg/L for a period of 28 d. A fourth stream was treated with 0.25 mg/L for 21 d; this was then increased to 4.0 mg/L for a further 7 d. Two streams were untreated and served as controls. There were no detectable effects of the treatments on macroinvertebrate population densities. There was a marked effect on the drift of macroinvertebrates at a concentration of 2.0 mg/L, but there was no effect at lower concentrations. There was an effect on the feeding rates of Gammarus pulex at concentrations of 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg/L, but there were no effects at concentrations of 0.25 and 0.5 mg/L. The results of this experiment were compared with those obtained in 7-d, single-species toxicity tests. On the basis of the toxicity tests, the no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC) for the most sensitive biological response—growth of Daphnia magna — was 1.0 mg/L. On the basis of the field test, the NOEC for the most sensitive biological response — feeding rate of G. pulex — was 0.5 mg/L.
Back surface fields for n/p and p/n GaInP solar cells (2002)

The authors have grown n/p/p/sup +/ and p/n/n/sup +/ GaInP/sub 2/ top cells, lattice matched to GaAs for multijunction tandem solar cells. They have studied the effect of different types of back surface field (BSF) layers on the cell parameters of each cell. These layers are namely, abrupt strained GaInP/sub 2/, graded strained GaInP/sub 2/, disordered GaInP/sub 2/ and AlGaAs layers. The measurements were done under 1-sun AMO spectrum. The results show that the abrupt strained GaInP/sub 2/, BSF outperforms the disordered GaInP/sub 2/ BSF. Likely related to material quality, the AlGaAs layer clearly produce the least efficient BSF. It has been found that the abrupt strained Ga/sub x/In/sub 1-x/P BSF with x=0.56 gives better results than the case with x=0.63 for the p/n/n/sup +/ structure.
Going Deeper with Embedded FPGA Platform for Convolutional Neural Network (2016)

In recent years, convolutional neural network (CNN) based methods have achieved great success in a large number of applications and have been among the most powerful and widely used techniques in computer vision. However, CNN-based methods are com-putational-intensive and resource-consuming, and thus are hard to be integrated into embedded systems such as smart phones, smart glasses, and robots. FPGA is one of the most promising platforms for accelerating CNN, but the limited bandwidth and on-chip memory size limit the performance of FPGA accelerator for CNN.
Voidites in pure type IaB diamonds (1990)

Abstract Electron microscopy of five pure type IaB diamonds (showing no trace whatever of a B′ infrared absorption peak due to {001} platelets) reveals voidite distributions unlike any reported before. In three of the crystals the voidites are distributed at random, and are not associated with degraded platelets, which themselves are not present in these specimens. These observations show that voidite formation and platelet degradation are distinct independent phenomena. The other two speamens showed only arrays of dislocations that patently resulted from plastic deformation: no voidites were seen. The non-formation of platelets in diamonds showing such an advanced stage of nitrogen aggregation is unexpected, and places these diamonds in a category distinct from that called ‘irregular’, in which platelets have indeed formed, but then experienced, to some degree, a process of transformation to perfect dislocation loops.
Interleukin-1 induces insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 gene expression and protein production by Leydig cells. (1995)

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a potent inhibitor of Leydig cell function. IL-1 blocks human CG-induced cAMP and testosterone formation, as well as cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. IL-1 also decreases insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) mRNA levels in Leydig cells. The effects of IGF-I are modified by IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). In the present study, we evaluated the effects of IL-1 on IGFBP expression. Purified Leydig cells from adult rats were cultured with 0.1% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum in Dulbecco's modified Eagles' medium/F12. Culture medium was changed to serum-free Dulbecco's modified Eagles' medium/F12 after 24 h and IL-1 beta (0.1-10 ng/ml) was added. Treatment of Leydig cells with IL-1 beta (10 ng/ml) for 2, 4, and 6 h resulted in a progressive induction of IGFBP-3 expression without affecting IGFBP-2 or IGFBP-4 mRNA levels. IL-1 beta in concentrations of 0.1, 1, and 10 ng/ml caused a 1.5-, 4-, and 6.5-fold induction of IGFBP-3 expression, respectively, whereas IGF-I mRNA levels were decreased in a dose-dependent manner. IL-1 beta increased the average transcription rate of IGFBP-3 by 3.3-fold. The t1/2 for IGFBP-3 mRNA was 2.07 h and was not affected by the treatment with IL-1 beta (2.21 h). The immunoblot of cell-conditioned media showed that the basal level of IGFBP-3 protein was low and IL-1 beta caused a dose-dependent increase in the production of IGFBP-3. These results indicate that IL-1 beta increases IGFBP-3 levels by increasing the rate of transcription rather than by changing the stability of IGFBP-3 mRNA. The addition of cycloheximide markedly inhibited IL-1 beta-induced IGFBP-3 mRNA levels. However, IL-1 beta was able to induce IGFBP-3 mRNA levels even in the presence of cycloheximide. This suggests that de novo protein synthesis may not be required for induction of IGFBP-3 mRNA by IL-1 beta. In conclusion, IL-1 beta inhibits IGF-I but increases IGFBP-3 expression in Leydig cells, and this may contribute to the inhibitory effects of IL-1 beta on Leydig cell steroidogenesis.
Integration of a Hospital Management Information System: Making a Difference at Freemasons Hospital, Melbourne (2004)

In 2001, Freemasons Hospital (FmH) embarked on an extensive evaluation of its information systems to ensure that an optimum level of service and performance was being achieved. FmH engaged an experienced health consultant to manage the change process and continued to use external IT Managers (PR Integration Pty Ltd) to provide a range of services during the two year process. After a thorough evaluation that included site visits, Technology One's Finance One system was selected and implemented. A similar evaluation process for a Patient Administration System was then undertaken, resulting in the selection of the iSOFT PiMS product, which was also required to interface to Finance One. The overall aim of the FmH project was to provide a comprehensive set of management reports to both senior management and operational managers to enable the efficient day to day running of the two hospitals and to provide budgetary and throughput data for future planning.
Nondestructive Inspection with Portable Ultrasonic Imaging System (1986)

The device described herein is a microprocessor-controlled ultrasonic imaging system, the Ultra Image III, originally developed for the inspection of corrosion/erosion inside seawater pipelines. It has been used successfully for many other types of nondestructive testing (NDT) applications, including intergranular stress corrosion cracking detection in nuclear piping systems. It consists of four packages each with a weight of less than 13.6 kg (30 lb): the microprocessor, the dual-diskette drive, the ultrasonic pulser/receiver/gate package, and the display package that consists of an A-scan scope and a two-dimensional imaging scope. The scanner, equipped with pulse/echo or pitch/catch transducers, can function automatically or manually. Information for operational controls is input using a hand-held terminal that can be placed at remote distances from the test site. Output results are displayed in two-dimensional format in gray scale indicating the thickness of the pipe wall after corrosion/erosion effects. Test results are stored permanently on floppy diskettes for on-site overview and off-site detailed analysis. The system is further equipped with a variety of software packages providing capabilities for a multicolor display of the size, configuration, and distributions of erosion patterns or flaw and crack orientations or both inside the tested material. The portability and versatility of the system is demonstrated with examples of different applications.
Carbonic anhydrase inhibition with a series of novel benzenesulfonamide-triazole conjugates (2018)

We report the synthesis and characterisation of a novel series of triazole benzenesulfonamide derivatives, which incorporate the general pharmacophore associated with carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitors. The synthesised compounds were tested in vitro against four human carbonic anhydrase (hCA, EC 4.2.1.1) isozymes, hCA I, hCA II, hCA IV and hCA IX. The obtained results showed that the tumour-associated hCA IX was the most sensitive to inhibition with the synthesised derivatives, with the triazolo-pyridine benzenesulfonamides 14, 16 and 17 being the most effective inhibitors. Some selected compounds were chosen for a single dose anti-proliferative activity testing against a panel of 57 human tumour cell lines and show some anti-proliferative activity ex vivo.
Contribution of CD4+and CD8+T-cells in contact hypersensitivity and allergic contact dermatitis (2005)

Allergic contact dermatitis, also referred to as contact hypersensitivity, is one the most frequent inflammatory skin diseases, and is characterized by redness, papule and vesicles, followed by scaling and dryness. Allergic contact dermatitis is elicited upon skin contact with nonprotein chemicals, haptens, and corresponds to a cutaneous delayed type hypersensitivity reaction, mediated by hapten-specific T-cells. During the sensitization phase, both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell precursors are activated in the draining lymph nodes by presentation of haptenated peptides by skin dendritic cells. Subsequent hapten painting on a remote skin site induces the recruitment and activation of specific T-cells at the site of challenge. This leads to apoptosis of keratinocytes, recruitment of inflammatory cells and development of clinical symptoms. Experimental studies from the last 10 years have demonstrated that, in normal contact hypersensitivity responses to strong haptens, CD8(+) type 1 T-cells are effector cells of contact hypersensitivity through cytotoxicity and interferon-gamma production, while CD4(+) T-cells are endowed with downregulatory functions. The latter may correspond to the recently described CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T-cell population. However, in some instances, especially when there is a deficient CD8(+) T-cell pool, CD4(+) T-cells can be effector cells of contact hypersensitivity. Ongoing studies will have to confirm that the pathophysiology of human allergic contact dermatitis is similar to the mouse contact hypersensitivity and that the contact hypersensitivity response to common weak haptens, most frequently involved in human allergic contact dermatitis, is similar to that reported for strong haptens.
Fine line NMOS transresistance amplifiers (1984)

Two broadband transresistance amplifiers with bandwidths of about 700MHz, using one micron channel length NMOS devices, and incorporating a voltage controllable gain stage and a temperature tracking circuit, will be reported. One amplifier has been used as a front end for a fiber optics system operating at 800Mb/s.
3D Imaging of Fine Needle Aspirates Using Optical Projection Tomographic Microscopy (2012)

Conventional Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB) requires minimal tissue sampling and causes minor tissue trauma. For these reasons, it is widely used to diagnose many types of cancers. However, the utility of FNA is limited, due to the lack of sensitivity and loss of structural information. This preliminary study introduces a new type of Three-Dimensional (3D) cytological imaging, Optical Projection Tomographic Microscopy (OPTM) that has the potential to reduce errors in FNAB analysis. We first demonstrate the functionality of OPTM, a microscopic imaging method that produces high resolution 3D images of single cell specimens in absorption mode, to perform multi-cellular imaging of cells stained with hematoxylin. Then, we use OPTM to image entire FNAB-like specimens in their three-dimensional form without experiencing errors from overlapping cells, choice of focal plane, and sampling. Our methods show success in generating volumetric data of large density of cells inside a cylindrical tube representative of FNA specimen within a 23-gauge needle. This 3D imaging technique may be applied to thin core needlebiopsyspecimens in the future, which may allow the preservation of tissue microstructure in FNAB specimens.
Electroanalysis at Single Gold Nanowire Electrodes (2012)

In this work, we report the fabrication and in-depth electrochemical analysis of discrete gold nanowire electrodes for use in electrochemical applications. The single nanowire electrodes were fabricated using a hybrid E-beam/photolithography approach at silicon substrates, providing electrodes with well-defined and reproducible dimensions. Following fabrication, nanowire devices were characterized by electrical and electrochemical techniques. Low electrical resistances with typical linear Ohmic responses were observed from fully packaged electrode devices. Finite element diffusion domain simulation studies were undertaken to explore analyte mass transport to nanowire electrodes at a variety of scan rates. Simulation results suggested that radial analyte diffusion profiles to nanoelectrodes should be present at fast scan rates. This behavior was confirmed experimentally where cyclic voltammograms obtained in ferrocenemonocarboxylic acid were observed to be steady-state, with high measurable currents (nA) and sigmoidal up to 1000 mV s–1. Nanowire electrodes had very low capacitance, ∼ 37 ± 6 nF cm–2 per nanowire, 3 orders of magnitude lower than that typically achieved by ultramicroelectrodes. The electrochemical responses of nanowires, in model redox mediators, were excellently described by Butler–Volmer kinetics. The nanowire electrodes are applied to reproducible determination of heterogeneous electron transfer-rate constants, k0, for three key model redox analytes, FcCOOH, Fe(II)(CN)64–, and Ru(NH3)63+.
Azelaic acid 20% cream (AZELEX) and the medical management of acne vulgaris. (1997)

Azelaic acid 20% cream (AZELEX) is a novel anti-acne agent with antimicrobial activity and keratinization-normalizing properties. In acne it is broadly comparable in efficacy to 0.05% tretinoin, 5% benzoyl peroxide, and 2% erythromycin, but is less irritating than tretinoin and benzoyl peroxide.
FY 2005 Quantum Cascade Laser Alignment System Final Report (2006)

The Alignment Lasers Task of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's (PNNL's) Remote Spectroscopy Project (Project PL211I) is a co-funded project between DOE NA-22 and a Classified Client. This project, which began in the second half of FY03, involved building and delivering a Quantum Cascade (QC) Laser Alignment System to be used for testing the pupil alignment of an infrared sensor by measuring the response from four pairs of diametrically opposed QC lasers. PNNL delivered the system in FY04 and provided technical assistance in FY05 culminating into a successful demonstration of the system. This project evolved from the Laser Development Task of PL211I, which is involved in developing novel laser technology to support development of advanced chemical sensors for detecting the proliferation of nuclear weapons. The laser systems are based on quantum cascade (QC) lasers, a new semiconductor source in the infrared. QC lasers can be tailored to emit light throughout the infrared region (3.5 ? 17 ?m) and have high output power and stability. Thus, these lasers provide an infrared source with superb power and spectral stability enabling them to be used for applications such as alignment and calibration in addition to chemical sensing.