gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Management of cerebral and splanchnic vein thrombosis associated with thrombocytopenia in subjects previously vaccinated with Vaxzevria (AstraZeneca): a position statement from the Italian Society for the Study of Haemostasis and Thrombosis (SISET). (2021)

The emergence of rare thrombotic events associated with thrombocytopenia following vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Vaxzevria, AstraZeneca) has prompted significant concern and regulatory responses. This position statement by the Italian Society for the Study of Haemostasis and Thrombosis (SISET) provides recommendations for the management of cerebral and splanchnic vein thrombosis occurring within 30 days of vaccination. These thrombotic events, provisionally termed Vaxzevria-associated thrombocytopenia thrombotic syndrome (VATTS), predominantly affect younger individuals and present with a high fatality rate. The syndrome shares pathophysiological similarities with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, as anti-PF4 antibodies have been detected in several cases. Key recommendations include immediate reporting of new cases to national pharmacovigilance authorities, hospitalization in high-intensity care units, and comprehensive diagnostic assessments, including imaging and hematological screening. Therapeutic management should be individualized based on platelet count and coagulation status. Intravenous immunoglobulins and corticosteroids are recommended in cases of severe thrombocytopenia, while anticoagulation should be initiated cautiously, avoiding heparin-based therapies if anti-PF4 antibodies are present. Alternative anticoagulants such as fondaparinux or argatroban should be considered. Plasma exchange may be necessary in refractory cases. While causality between vaccination and VATTS remains under investigation, SISET emphasizes the importance of continued vigilance and structured management to mitigate risks. Given the significant impact of COVID-19 on thrombotic complications, vaccination remains a priority, but awareness and preparedness for rare adverse events are essential to ensure patient safety.
PWM drive of IPMC actuators with the consideration of the capacitive impedance (2011)

This paper considers driving an Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite (IPMC) actuator using a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) amplifier, in order to shed light on the characteristics of PWM driving of IPMCs. Generally, it is said that an efficiency of a PWM amplifier is higher than that of a linear amplifier. However, high current flows across the IPMC in the use of a PWM amplifier, and it is supposed to become the power consumption high. We solve this problem by putting an inductor between the PWM amplifier and the IPMC. The simulation and the experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Effect of temporal stimulus properties on the nociceptive detection probability using intra-epidermal electrical stimulation (2015)

Chronic pain disorders can be initiated and maintained by malfunctioning of one or several mechanisms underlying the nociceptive function. Although several quantitative sensory testing methods exist to characterize the nociceptive function, it remains difficult to distinguish the contributions of individual mechanisms. Intra-epidermal electrical stimulation of nociceptive fibers allows defining stimuli with temporal properties within the timescale of these mechanisms. Here, we studied the effect of stimulus properties on the psychophysical detection probability. A psychophysical detection experiment was conducted including 30 healthy human participants. Participants were presented with electrical stimuli having various temporal properties. The pulse-width was varied for single pulse stimuli (either 420 or 840 μs), and the inter-pulse interval for double pulse stimuli (10, 50, or 100 ms). Generalized linear mixed models were used to obtain estimates of thresholds and slopes of the psychophysical function. The 840-μs single pulse resulted in a lower threshold and steeper slope of the psychophysical function than the 420-μs single pulse. Moreover, a double-pulse stimulus resulted in a lower threshold and steeper slope than single pulse stimuli. The slopes were similar between the double pulse stimuli, but thresholds slightly increased with increasing inter-pulse intervals. In the present study, it was demonstrated that varying the temporal properties of intra-epidermal electrical stimuli results in variations in nociceptive processing. The estimated thresholds and slopes corresponding to the selection of temporal properties suggest that contributions of peripheral and central nociceptive mechanisms can be reflected in psychophysical functions.
GLC Determination of Span 20 (Sorbitan Monolaurate) in Human Plasma (1983)

Abstract A reliable procedure for determining Span 20 (Atlas Powder Company, Dallas) concentrations in human plasma samples is presented. The samples are extracted with diethyl ether and saponified with methanolic KOH. The liberated fatty acids (specifically, lauric and myristic acids) are acidified, extracted with diethyl ether, methylated using ethereal diazomethane, and subsequently quantitated using gas-liquid chromatography with pentadecylic acid as an internal standard. Under the conditions employed, methyl esters of lauric and myristic acids have retention times of approximately 0.9 min and 1.9 min, respectively. The results with this method were found to be linear over the range of concentrations studied, that is, between 1.0 and 500 μ/ml. The correlation coefficients of the standard curves were greater than 0.99 and the coefficient of variation about any individual point was less than 10%.
Broadband RF Power Amplifier with Combination of Large Signal X-Parameter and Real Frequency Techniques (2019)

A new design approach of broadband RF power amplifier (PA) is introduced in this work with combination of large signal X-parameter and Real-Frequency Technique (RFT). A theoretical analysis of large signal X-parameter is revisited, and a simplification method is introduced to determine the optimum large signal impedances of a Gallium Nitride HEMT (GaN HEMT) device. With the optimum impedance extraction over the wide frequency range (0.3 to 2.0 GHz), a wideband matching network is constructed employing RFT and the final design is implemented with practical mixed-lumped elements. The prototype broadband RF PA demonstrates an output power of 40 dBm. The average drain efficiency of the PA is found to be more than 60%; while exhibiting acceptable flat gain performance (12±0.25 dB) over the frequency band of (0.3-2.0 GHz). The PA designed using the proposed approach yields in small form factor and relatively lower production cost over those of similar PAs designed with the classical methods. It is expected that the newly proposed design method will be utilized to construct power amplifiers for radio communications applications.
An 8b 80MSample/s pipelined ADC with background calibration (2002)

Conventional pipelined ADCs with redundancy and digital correction have linearity limited by the gain accuracy of the interstage amplifiers or the linearity of the D/A subconversions. With a fully differential 1.5 b/stage architecture, the D/A subconverters can in principle be inherently linear, and the main limitation stems from the interstage gain accuracy. Besides the error caused by finite-op-amp gain and capacitor mismatch, the linear portion of the incomplete op-amp settling can also be modeled as an interstage gain error. One way to compensate for interstage gain errors is to adjust the reference voltage from each stage to the next so that the ratio of the reference in one stage to the corresponding value in the previous stage is equal to 1+/spl epsi/, where /spl epsi/ is the gain error between the stages. This pipelined ADC uses monolithic calibration to adjust the reference voltages of the first two stages in the background during normal ADC operation to compensate for gain errors in the first two interstage amplifiers. Calibration is potentially useful even at an 8b level because it allows the use of small capacitors and low op-amp gain, reducing power dissipation and the minimum required supply voltage and increasing the maximum speed in a given technology. The key contributions here are the use of background calibration to improve the linearity of a pipelined ADC and the implementation of these techniques with the ADC on one CMOS IC.
Rarefied gas flow in a cylindrical annulus (1983)

The Hansen–Morse model of the linearized Wang Chang–Uhlenbeck equation is used to study the thermal transpiration and mechanocaloric effects for rarefied polyatomic gases in a cylindrical annulus, where boundary conditions are characterized by diffuse reflection. Phenomenological coefficients at all degrees of rarefaction are reported for physical parameters that represent helium, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and air. Comparisons with isothermal flow data are given.
Muscle fiber type composition and fiber size in successfully and unsuccessfully endurance-raced horses (1993)

Triplicate biopsies from three different depths of the gluteus medius muscle were obtained in 36 endurance-raced horses, aged 8.42 +/- 2.85 yr. Twenty of the horses were considered excellent endurance performers according to the mean speed of their three fastest records in endurance events for the past 2 or 3 years, whereas 16 were moderate performers, with a mean racing speed &lt; 12.5 km/h (in 120- to 180-km endurance rides), &lt; 14 km/h (in 80- to 120-km endurance rides), or &lt; 13.5 km/h (in 40- to 60-km endurance rides). Significant differences in muscle fiber type composition and fiber size were recorded; excellent performers had a higher percentage and a larger size of type I and type IIa fibers (high and low myosin adenosinetriphosphatase activity at pH 4.5, respectively) and a lower percentage of type IIb fibers (moderate myosin adenosinetriphosphatase activity at pH 4.5), including both type IIb oxidative (moderate to high NADH-tetrazolium reductase activity) and IIb nonoxidative (low NADH-tetrazolium reductase activity). The differences in distribution of myofiber types and in fiber sizes were more marked in the deeper parts compared with the superficial regions of muscle. Our results also imply a greater homogeneity among the fiber type sizes across the muscle in horses with a superior endurance performance than in horses that had been poorly or moderately endurance raced. Thus the results show that fiber type proportions and fiber size in equine skeletal muscle are directly related to the athletic ability of the horse for endurance events.
An architectural model for Improving the reusability of graphical user interfaces (2019)

Graphical interface programming remains a laborious and time-consuming exercise of the bulk of the interaction that usually has to be coded using a programming language. This code, often wordy and not very readable, impacts the reusability of the interfaces and the iterative design, even minor modifications of the user interface requiring it to be substantially modified. We propose an architectural model and an experimental toolkit that makes modifications easier.
New Synthetic Uses of 2,3-Dihydro-3-Oxobenzo[B]Thiophene (1999)

Synthesis of benzo[b]thiophenes functionalized in the position 3 and new polycyclic systems are discussed.
Exercise Guidelines for Gait Function in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2018)

Gait-specific training, rather than a general exercise program, should be emphasized if gait is the outcome of interest. Further investigation is needed on exercise dosage and its selective effect on more challenging walking tasks, endurance, and freezing of gait.
Reactions of Carbon Monoxide and Sulfur Dioxide with Polychlorinated Methanes (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Carbon Monoxide and Sulfur Dioxide with Polychlorinated MethanesC E. Frank, A. T. Hallowell, C. W. Theobald, and G. T. VaalaCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1949, 41, 9, 2061–2062Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50477a054https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50477a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views83Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Application of Intelligent Recommendation Techniques for Consumers' Food Choices in Restaurants (2018)

Currently, there has been a new trend in applying modern robotics, information technology, and artificial intelligence to restaurants for improvements of food service, cost-effectiveness, and customer satisfaction. As robots replace humans to serve food, there is a clear need for robotic servers to help consumers select foods from a menu that satisfies their preferences such as taste and nutrition. However, currently, little is known about how eating behaviors drive food choices, and it is often difficult for consumers to make choices from a variety of foods offered by the typical restaurant, even with the assistance from a human server. In this paper, we conduct an exploratory study on an intelligent food choice method that recommends dishes by predicting individual's dietary preference, including ingredients, types of spices, price, etc. A multi-attribute relation matrix tri-factorization (MARMTF) technique is developed for a relation-driven food recommendation system. First, the user's ordering history and their rating scores of the foods in the menu are gathered and represented by a user-dish rating matrix. Next, the attribute relations of the ingredients, spicy level, and price of each food choice are extracted to construct a group of the relation matrices. Then, these matrices are integrated into a large block matrix. In the next step, a matrix tri-factorization algorithm is employed to decompose the block matrix and fuse the complex relationships into matrix factors. Further, a set of approximation block matrices are constructed and the predicted food rating matrix is generated. Finally, the foods (dishes) with sufficiently high preference scores are recommended to the consumers. Our experiments demonstrate that the MARMTF technique can provide effective dish recommendation for customers. Our system significantly simplifies the daunting task of making food choices and has a great potential in providing intelligent and professionally trained non-human waiters and waitresses for employment by future restaurants.
Limited-angle tomography for multiple-image radiography (2007)

Multiple-image radiography (MIR) is an analyzer-based phase sensitive X-ray imaging method, which is a potential alternative for conventional radiography. MIR simultaneously generates three planar images containing information about attenuation, refraction and scattering properties of the object. These three planar images are linear projections of the corresponding properties inside the object. The linearity of the projections allows reconstruction of volumetric images by computed tomography (CT) methods. In this work, we apply limited-angle tomography to MIR images of a human thumb and compare the reconstructed slices near the focal plane of the imaging system with computed tomography (CT-MIR) reconstructions of the same data set. We also perform a task-based evaluation for Limited-Angle Tomography MIR (LAT- MIR) to investigate a sufficient range for data acquisition procedure. Specifically, we use template matching for detecting the cartilage in refraction image and measure the signal-to-noise ratio as detectability metric.
An XML-based Framework for Developing Usable and Reusable User Interfaces for Multi-channel Environments (2002)

User interface languages are struggling to meet the requirements for supporting universal usability in multi-channel environments. Significant problems relate to achieving a systematic user interface modelling process that is flexible enough to satisfy device specific usability requirements. The difficulties commonly result in laborious application maintenance and large development costs, or in bad usability. This thesis introduces a subset of RDIXML, an XMLbased device independent user interface language. RDIXML is a task-based language that addresses device specific requirements for task sequences. While device specific functionality is allowed, the language effectively reuses the device independent task elements. A framework is sketched to interact with devices and to dynamically transform RDIXML descriptions to device specific user interfaces. An example application is used to simulate the framework's functionality.
Rate scalable video coding using a foveation-based human visual system model (2002)

Recently, there have been two interesting trends in image and video coding research. One is to use human visual system (HVS) models to improve the current state-of-the-art coding algorithms by better exploiting the properties of the intended receiver. The other is to design rate-scalable video codecs, which allow the extraction of coded visual information at continuously varying bit rates from a single compressed bitstream. We follow these two trends and propose a foveation scalable video coding (FSVC) algorithm, which supplies good quality-compression performance as well as effective rate scalability to support simple and precise bit rate control. A foveation-based HVS model plays a key role in the algorithm. The algorithm is amenable to the inclusion of various HVS models and adaptable to different video communication applications.
A model, analysis, and protocol framework for soft state-based communication (1999)

"Soft state" is an often cited yet vague concept in network protocol design in which two or more network entities intercommunicate in a loosely coupled, often anonymous fashion. Researchers often define this concept operationally (if at all) rather than analytically: a source of soft state transmits periodic "refresh messages" over a (lossy) communication channel to one or more receivers that maintain a copy of that state, which in turn "expires" if the periodic updates cease. Though a number of crucial Internet protocol building blocks are rooted in soft state-based designs --- e.g., RSVP refresh messages, PIM membership updates, various routing protocol updates, RTCP control messages, directory services like SAP, and so forth --- controversy is building as to whether the performance overhead of soft state refresh messages justify their qualitative benefit of enhanced system "robustness". We believe that this controversy has risen not from fundamental performance tradeoffs but rather from our lack of a comprehensive understanding of soft state. To better understand these tradeoffs, we propose herein a formal model for soft state communication based on a probabilistic delivery model with relaxed reliability. Using this model, we conduct queueing analysis and simulation to characterize the data consistency and performance tradeoffs under a range of workloads and network loss rates. We then extend our model with feedback and show, through simulation, that adding feedback dramatically improves data consistency (by up to 55%) without increasing network resource consumption. Our model not only provides a foundation for understanding soft state, but also induces a new fundamental transport protocol based on probabilistic delivery. Toward this end, we sketch our design of the "Soft State Transport Protocol" (SSTP), which enjoys the robustness of soft state while retaining the performance benefit of hard state protocols like TCP through its judicious use of feedback.
Essential oils in the treatment of respiratory tract diseases highlighting their role in bacterial infections and their anti‐inflammatory action: a review (2015)

The appearance of multidrug resistant bacteria and growing antibiotic resistance is leading to a continuous need for discovering new drugs and alternative treatments against infections. The investigation of the antibacterial effect of essential oils (EOs), which are commonly used nowadays in cosmetics, health care, traditional medicine and food industry, could be one of the promising solutions for this worldwide problem. EOs have a complex mode of action due to their multiple composition. Respiratory tract diseases (RTDs) associated with bacterial infection and inflammation affect a large number of people from every age group worldwide. Because of volatility, EOs can easily reach the upper and lower parts of the respiratory tract via inhalation. Moreover, due to their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory potency, they offer an effective treatment in respiratory tract infections (RTIs). The purpose of this review is to describe the most frequently developing infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract and to show methods used for the determination of the antibacterial activity of EOs by gaseous contact. The mode of action of EOs on bacterial cells and their anti-inflammatory action are also discussed. Results coming from recently performed <i>in vivo</i> animal studies as well as human trials are also reported. Patents deal with the role of EOs and their volatile constituents in the treatment of RTIs are also introduced. On the whole, this review aimed at showing EOs as potential antimicrobials and as anti-inflammatory agents to alleviate symptoms and signs of RTDs including RTIs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Risk Measurement, Risk Management, and Capital Adequacy in Financial Conglomerates (2003)

IS THERE SOMETHING SPECIAL, with respect to risk and capital, about a financial conglomerate that combines banking, insurance, and potentially other financial and nonfinancial activities? To what degree is the risk of the whole less than the sum of its parts? This paper seeks to address these questions by evaluating the risk profile of a typical banking-insurance conglomerate and highlighting some of the key analytical issues relating to risk aggregation. We provide a framework of analysis that builds up this risk profile and allows for coherent dissection of a financial conglomerate's diverse set of risks. We then use the analytical results to frame a policy debate for regulating the solvency of a multi-line financial conglomerate.