gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Observations of shock waves in cloud cavitation (1998)

This paper describes an investigation of the dynamics and acoustics of cloud cavitation, the structures which are often formed by the periodic breakup and collapse of a sheet or vortex cavity. This form of cavitation frequently causes severe noise and damage, though the precise mechanism responsible for the enhancement of these adverse effects is not fully understood. In this paper, we investigate the large impulsive surface pressures generated by this type of cavitation and correlate these with the images from high-speed motion pictures. This reveals that several types of propagating structures (shock waves) are formed in a collapsing cloud and dictate the dynamics and acoustics of collapse. One type of shock wave structure is associated with the coherent collapse of a well-defined and separate cloud when it is convected into a region of higher pressure. This type of global structure causes the largest impulsive pressures and radiated noise. But two other types of structure, termed ‘crescent-shaped regions’ and ‘leading-edge structures’ occur during the less-coherent collapse of clouds. These local events are smaller and therefore produce less radiated noise but the interior pressure pulse magnitudes are almost as large as those produced by the global events. The ubiquity and severity of these propagating shock wave structures provides a new perspective on the mechanisms reponsible for noise and damage in cavitating flows involving clouds of bubbles. It would appear that shock wave dynamics rather than the collapse dynamics of single bubbles determine the damage and noise in many cavitating flows.
Firefly based distributed synchronization in Wireless Sensor Networks for passive acoustic localization (2016)

Passive acoustic localization is an important technique in a wide variety of monitoring applications, ranging from healthcare over biological survey to structural health monitoring of buildings. If the subject of interest emits a recognizable sound and is picked up by a distributed array of microphones it is possible to measure the difference in arrival times and reconstruct the source positions. This requires the microphones to be synchronized up to a fraction of the expected time differences of arrivals in order for the system to be able to produce accurate location estimates. In this paper we take a closer look at the techniques required to synchronize a network of sensors, connected through a low-power RF-communication link, in a distributed manner, ie. without the presence of a master node. The absence of a master node makes the network more robust against the failure of a single node. We took inspiration from the synchronization technique observed in some species of fireflies. A synchronized pseudo random number is embedded in the captured data as a marker to re-align the data-streams in time in a post-processing stage.
Acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukaemia as a presenting finding of ataxia-telangiectasia (2004)

"Acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukaemia as a presenting finding of ataxia-telangiectasia." Annals of Tropical Paediatrics, 24(2), pp. 193–194
Research and development of open-cycle fuel cells Fourth quarterly progress report, period ending Aug. 15, 1965 (1965)

Digital computer program for minimizing weight of fuel cell power systems - prelaunch startup and instrumentation - mathematical model of static moisture removal process - fuel cell model
Searching with numbers (2002)

A large fraction of the useful web comprises of specification documents that largely consist of hattribute name, numeric valuei pairs embedded in text. Examples include product information, classified advertisements, resumes, etc. The approach taken in the past to search these documents by first establishing correspondences between values and their names has achieved limited success because of the difficulty of extracting this information from free text. We propose a new approach that does not require this correspondence to be accurately established. Provided the data has "low reflectivity", we can do effective search even if the values in the data have not been assigned attribute names and the user has omitted attribute names in the query. We give algorithms and indexing structures for implementing the search. We also show how hints (i. e, imprecise, partial correspondences) from automatic data extraction techniques can be incorporated into our approach for better accuracy on high reflectivity datasets. Finally, we validate our approach by showing that we get high precision in our answers on real datasets from a variety of domains.
Locally-weighted homographies for calibration of imaging systems (2014)

A homography is traditionally formulated as a linear transformation and is used in multiple-view geometry as a linear map between projective planes (or images). Analogous to the use of homography-based techniques to calibrate a pin-hole camera, non-linear homographies extend the pinhole camera model to deal with non-linearities such as lens distortion. In this work, we propose a novel non-parametric nonlinear homography technique. Unlike a parametric non-linear mapping that can have inherent biases, this technique automatically adjusts model complexity to account for non-linearities in observed data. With this technique, we demonstrate nonparametric estimation of lens distortion from a single calibration image. We evaluate this technique on real-world lenses and show that this technique can improve the stability of cameracalibration. Furthermore, the non-parametric nature of our technique allows rectification of arbitrary sources of lens distortion.
COVID-19 Immunobiology: Lessons Learned, New Questions Arise (2021)

There is strong evidence that COVID-19 pathophysiology is mainly driven by a spatiotemporal immune deregulation. Both its phenotypic heterogeneity, spanning from asymptomatic to severe disease/death, and its associated mortality, are dictated by and linked to maladaptive innate and adaptive immune responses against SARS-CoV-2, the etiologic factor of the disease. Deregulated interferon and cytokine responses, with the contribution of immune and cellular stress-response mediators (like cellular senescence or uncontrolled inflammatory cell death), result in innate and adaptive immune system malfunction, endothelial activation and inflammation (endothelitis), as well as immunothrombosis (with enhanced platelet activation, NET production/release and complement hyper-activation). All these factors play key roles in the development of severe COVID-19. Interestingly, another consequence of this immune deregulation, is the production of autoantibodies and the subsequent development of autoimmune phenomena observed in some COVID-19 patients with severe disease. These new aspects of the disease that are now emerging (like autoimmunity and cellular senescence), could offer us new opportunities in the field of disease prevention and treatment. Simultaneously, lessons already learned from the immunobiology of COVID-19 could offer new insights, not only for this disease, but also for a variety of chronic inflammatory responses observed in autoimmune and (auto)inflammatory diseases.
Chemical Modification of Polymers: Catalytic Hydrogenation and Related Reactions (1995)

Abstract Some of the most important commercial polymers are diene polymers, e.g., natural rubber (polyisoprene, PI) and styrene butadiene rubber SBR). Their usefulness to scientists and engineers comes not only from their desirable physical properties, but also because they may be used as a base for a variety of chemical modification reactions that are made possible because of the presence of olefinic groups within the polymers.
Periodic index separate confinement heterostructure InGaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum well laser grown by organometallic vapor phase epitaxy (1992)

Organometallic vapor phase epitaxy was used to grow a novel periodic index separate confinement heterostructure (PINSCH) InGaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum well (MQW) laser. Secondary ion mass spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the structure. The performance of the PINSCH laser was compared with that of a graded index separate confinement heterostructure (GRINSCH) MQW laser grown under similar conditions. The PINSCH laser uses cladding layers comprised of periodic semiconductor multilayers (Al0.4Ga0.6As/GaAs) which provide both optical and electrical confinement. Since the optical field decays over several multilayers, and therefore is far less tightly confined than in the GRINSCH structure, a significant reduction of the transverse far-field angle occurs. Comparing the performance of 5×750 μm self-aligned ridge waveguide InGaAs/AlGaAs lasers emitting at 980 nm, the PINSCH structure exhibits a transverse far-field angle of 23° compared to 46° for the GRINSCH. This is obtained at the expense of a modest increase in threshold current (19 mA vs 10 mA).
Analysis of a dual frequency array technique (1977)

This report presents analytical results that describe the radiating properties of a new element for a dual frequency phased array. This basic element operates over two frequency bands which are separated by about an octave. The analysis considers the array element excited by two waveguides for high frequency operation, and includes an evaluation of the element radiation properties at both frequency bands. The analysis of radiation is carried out for the case of H-plane scan, which is expected to be the most severe test of the element's scanning behavior. Computed results indicate that the structure radiates efficiently within the two bands and operates free from anomalous behavior over substantial scan angles. These results demonstrate the feasibility and practicality of the basic concept. (Author)
Substrate thermal model reduction for efficient transient electrothermal simulation (2002)

A multiport RC network reduction technique based on congruence transformation was developed specifically for improving the efficiency of temperature calculation in electrothermal simulations. This technique helps reduce the size of the three-dimensional lumped RC network, which is commonly used to model substrate heat conduction, while still preserving the input/output characteristics at the port nodes. A smaller thermal network leads to more efficient substrate temperature calculation. Furthermore, the reduced network can be combined with the device netlist to perform tightly-coupled electrothermal simulation for some cases when the large data size dictates the employment of the more time-consuming relaxation-based temperature calculation method. Our method is applicable to both static and dynamic electrothermal simulations for either localized or large-scale analyses. Runtime improvements in the range of 2/spl times//spl sim/3/spl times/ have been achieved in simulations.
Autonomic cardiovascular modulation with three different anesthetic strategies during neurosurgical procedures. (2015)

Despite an important reduction of cardiovascular signal variability, the analysis of RR and SAP signals were capable to detect information about autonomic control during anesthesia. Symbolic analysis (non-linear) seems to be able to highlight the differences of both the sympathetic (slow) and vagal (fast) modulation among anesthetics, while spectral analysis (linear) underlines the same differences but only in terms of balance between the two neural control systems.
Secondary saliencies decoupling technique for self-sensing integrated multi-drives (2016)

The paper deals with the study and implementation of a secondary saliencies decoupling technique for self-sensing control algorithms used in multiphase motor drives and based on the injection of an additional high frequency excitation. The proposed approach can be applied to multiphase motors whose stator winding is composed of multiple three phase units suitably spatially shifted. The method exploits the spatial phase shift among the stator units to isolate undesired prominent saliency harmonics. Compared to the state of the art, this approach does not require multiple saliencies models or sophisticated filtering processes, but only the knowledge of the saliency harmonic order to be suppressed. Finite Element Analysis and Experimental results applied to a dual-three phase permanent magnet synchronous motor confirm the effectiveness of the method.
Topical Tranexamic Acid for Hemostasis of an Oral Bleed in a Patient on a Direct Oral Anticoagulant (2020)

We report a novel application of TXA to control an oral mucosal bleed in an anticoagulated patient which was on a DOAC refractory to traditional measures.
Effects of Tramp Elements on Formability of Low-carbon TRIP-aided Multiphase Cold-rolled Steel Sheets (2004)

Four kinds of TRIP-aided cold-rolled steel sheets were fabricated with additions of tramp elements of Cu, Cr, and Ni to a basic 0.15C-1.5Mn-1.5Si-0.5Cu (hereafter all in wt%) steel, and their microstructures, mechanical properties, and formability were investigated to analyze the effects of the addition of tramp elements. These steel sheets were intercritically annealed at 780-790°C, and isothermally treated at 430°C. Tensile tests and limiting dome height (LDH) tests were conducted, and the changes of retained austenite volume fractions as a function of tensile strain were measured using X-ray diffraction. The formability of the Cu- and Ni-containing cold-rolled steel sheets was greatly improved as the strain-induced transformation of retained austenite was sustained up to the high strain region due to their high volume fraction and stability of retained austenite. On the other hand, the Cr-containing steel sheets showed a dual-phase structure of ferrite and martensite resulting from low volume fraction and stability of retained austenite and a large amount of transformed martensite. These findings indicated that when tramp elements such as Cu, Cr, and Ni were positively used, low-carbon TRIP-aided cold-rolled steel sheets having mechanical properties suitable for various application purposes and excellent formability could be successfully achieved.
The 226 Ra-Ba relationship in the North Atlantic during GEOTRACES-GA01 (2017)

Abstract. We report detailed sections of radium-226 (226Ra, T1/2 = 1602 y) activities and barium (Ba) concentrations determined in the North Atlantic (Portugal-Greenland-Canada) in the framework of the international GEOTRACES program (GA01 section – GEOVIDE project, May–July 2014). Dissolved 226Ra and Ba are strongly correlated along the GA01 section, a pattern that reflects their similar chemical behavior. Since 226Ra and Ba have been widely used as tracers of water masses and ocean mixing, we investigated more thoroughly their behavior in this crucial region for thermohaline circulation taking advantage of the contrasting biogeochemical patterns existing along the GA01 section. We used an Optimum Multiparameter (OMP) analysis to distinguish the relative importance of physical transport (water mass mixing) from non-conservative processes (sedimentary, river, or hydrothermal inputs; uptake by particles, and dissolved-particulate dynamics) on the 226Ra and Ba distributions in the North Atlantic. Results show that 72 % of the 226Ra and 68 % of the Ba can be explained by conservative mixing along the section and therefore, they can be considered as conservative tracers of water mass transport in the ocean interior. However, regions where 226Ra and Ba displayed non-conservative behavior were also identified, mostly at the ocean boundaries (seafloor, continental margins, and surface waters). Elevated 226Ra and Ba concentrations found in deep waters of the West European Basin reflect that lower North East Atlantic Deep Water (NEADWl) accumulates excess 226Ra and Ba from sediment diffusion during transport. In the upper 1500 m, deficiencies in 226Ra and Ba are likely explained by their incorporation in planktonic siliceous shells, or in barite (BaSO4) (Bishop, 1988). Finally, since Ba and 226Ra display different source terms (mostly deep-sea sediments for 226Ra and rivers for Ba), strong decoupling between 226Ra and Ba were observed at the land-ocean boundaries. This is especially true in the shallow stations near the coasts of Greenland and Newfoundland where high 226Ra / Ba ratios at depth reflect the diffusion of 226Ra from sediment and low 226Ra / Ba ratios in the upper water column reflect the input of Ba associated with meteoric waters.
Glucose Sensing for Diabetes Monitoring: Recent Developments (2017)

This review highlights recent advances towards non-invasive and continuous glucose monitoring devices, with a particular focus placed on monitoring glucose concentrations in alternative physiological fluids to blood.
Impaired Inter/Intra Hemispheric Connectivity, Regional Cortical Thinning and Thalamic Volume Are Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis (P4.126) (2016)

Background: Cognitive impairment (CI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been associated with damage to cortical and deep gray matter structures. However, demyelination of their interconnecting white matter pathways may also prove important in CI. Objective: To evaluate correlations between CI, fractional anisotropy (FA) and intracranial-normalized volume of the corpus callosum (CC-VOL), the main intra-hemispheric long association tracts and the limbic system, using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based tractography. The associations of CI with regional cortical thickness and thalamus volume were also sought. Design/Methods: 38 patients [EDSS 0-7, DD 1-37 and ages 18-58 years] diagnosed with CI based on the Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in Multiple Sclerosis (MACFIMS) were included in the study. MRI at 3T was obtained; T2 lesion volume was obtained with a semi-automated technique. Cortical thickness and thalamic volume were estimated using FreeSurfer. White matter fiber pathways were traced using DTI studio. DTI measures were calculated based on fiber tractography. Results: CC-VOL and FA correlated with CI [Spearman age/lesion load adjusted correlations r= -0.34 (p=0.00004) and -0.53 (p=0.0009), respectively]. CI also correlated with decreased FA in the cingulum [r = 0.49; p=0.002], inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus [r= 0.52; p=0.001], inferior longitudinal fasciculus [r= 0.43; p=0.008] and dentorubro-thalamic tracts [r= 0.46; p=0.004]. Average FA of the entire fornices highly correlated with CI [r = -0.662; p=1.8e-006]. Thicknesses of the isthmus-cingulate, middle and superior temporal cortices [r =-0.60 (p= 0.0002), -0.59 (p=0.0003) and -0.41 (p=0.01) respectively], as well as thalamus volume [r= >0.45 p= 0.001] also correlated with CI. Conclusions: These results point to a host of regions involved in MS related CI, and underline the complexity of its pathophysiology. Serial data and correlations with other MRI metrics such as functional MRI activation are currently underway. Study funded by NIH/NINDS K23NS072134 to PI
Improved fabrication and noise performance of silicon double-drift millimeter-wave IMPATT diodes (1973)

Silicon double-drift IMPATT diodes with both drift regions implanted into π (undoped) epi on p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> substrates are discussed. By incorporating doubly-charged ions, frequency coverage, has been extended down to 40 GHz. The π epitaxial material was characterized by spreading resistance measurements so that the ions were implanted into a completely defined host material lattice. RF test results at 55 GHz comparing single-and double-drift diodes are given. Noise figure measurements show that the transition from small- to large-signal behavior begins at a power output ∼ 3 dB greater with double-drift diodes. At reasonable outputs this results in ∼ 10 dB noise improvement (1).
Protein antigens of the RNA-protein complexes detected by anti-SM and anti-RNP antibodies found in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and related disorders. (1982)

Evidence has been obtained previously indicating that the antigens reacting with the anti-Sm and anti-RNP sera are present as a large complex, and similar protein bands are obtained with both types of sera. Inthe present study, it proved possible to break up this complex using SDS treatment before immunoprecipitation. After such treatment, different protein bands were immunoprecipitated by the two antisera; Sm determinants resided, at least partially, in a 19-kd protein. Sequential immunoprecipitation with and without prior SDS treatment provided further evidence for these specificities and suggested that two classes of particles exist in different tissues, one containing proteins immunoreactive with the Sn and RNP antisera and the other containing proteins immunoreactive only with the Sm antisera. The latter particle contained all the bands seen with the first type except for the absence of the 19-kd band. Nitrocellulose blot analyses confirmed the assignment of the 25- and 16-kd polypeptides to Sm antigenic determinants; analyses for RNP proved les informative by this technique. Some differences in the banding patterns were obtained using cells from different species: the 25-kd Sm band was usually double in human cells and single in rat and rabbit tissue. Methods of extraction also caused some differences which was especially true for the rabbit thymus extract widely used for Sm and RNP studies. Additional immunoreactive bands at 68 and 70 kd also were detected when the Sm and RNP antisera were used in nitrocellulose blot analyses. Furthermore, evidence was obtained for a number of other antibodies in lupus sera which have not as yet been detected by serological methods.
Trajectory Planning of Tracked Vehicles (1995)

This paper presents a method for computing the track forces and track speeds of planar tracked vehicles, required to follow a given path at specified speeds on horizontal and inclined planes. It is shown that the motions of a planar tracked vehicle are constrained by a velocity dependent nonholonomic constraint, derived from the force equation perpendicular to the tracks. This reduces the trajectory planning problem to determining the slip angle between the vehicle and the path tangent that satisfies the nonholonomic constraint along the entire path. Once the slip angle has been determined, the track forces are computed from the remaining equations of motion. Computing the slip angle is shown to be an initial boundary-value problem, formulated as a parameter optimization. This computational scheme is demonstrated numerically for a planar vehicle moving along circular paths on horizontal and inclined planes.
An Overview of 5G System Accessibility Control and Differentiation. (2020)

5G system is characterized by its capability to support a wide range of use cases and services. Supporting accessibility differentiation becomes therefore essential to preserve a stable network condition during high traffic load, while ensuring connection and service quality to prioritized devices and services. In this article, we describe some use cases and requirements that impact the 3GPP design of the 5G accessibility differentiation framework. We then provide an overview of the supported mechanisms for accessibility control in 5G Stand Alone (SA) system, including cell barring and reservation, unified access control, paging control, random access control and admission control. We discuss how these functionalities can be used to maintain the service quality and selectively limit the incoming traffic to the network at high load situations, leveraging different connection-type indicators and connection-priority identifiers.
Genetic Depletion or Hyperresponsiveness of Natural Killer Cells Do Not Affect Atherosclerosis Development (2017)

Our findings, using state-of-the-art mouse models, demonstrate that NK cells have no direct effect on the natural development of hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerosis, but may play a role when an additional systemic NK-cell overactivation occurs.