gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dose Response of Succinylcholine at the Adductor Pollicis of Children with Cerebral Palsy During Propofol and Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia (1994)

Children with cerebral palsy may be resistant to paralysis induced by nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs. Potency of a bolus of succinylcholine in children with cerebral palsy has not been studied previously. Therefore, we measured the response of the adductor pollicis to succinylcholine in children with cerebral palsy anesthetized with propofol and nitrous oxide. Forty children between the ages of 2 and 10.2 yr with spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy were randomly assigned to receive 100, 175, 250, or 375 micrograms/kg of succinylcholine during anesthesia with propofol and nitrous oxide. The ulnar nerve was stimulated with a train-of-four supramaximal stimulus every 10 s and the compound electromyogram of the adductor pollicis recorded by a Datex NMT monitor. Plasma cholinesterase activity was measured in all patients with three different substrates (propionylthiocholine, benzoylcholine, and succinylcholine). Dibucaine number was also determined using inhibition of benzoylcholine degradation. ED50 of succinylcholine was 146.8 micrograms/kg with 95% confidence intervals of 111.4-193.7 micrograms/kg. ED95 of succinylcholine was 360.5 micrograms with 95% confidence intervals of 273.3-475.5 micrograms/kg. We conclude that children with cerebral palsy are slightly sensitive to succinylcholine, but probably not sufficiently to be clinically important.
XCLAIM: Trustless, Interoperable, Cryptocurrency-Backed Assets (2019)

Building trustless cross-blockchain trading protocols is challenging. Centralized exchanges thus remain the preferred route to execute transfers across blockchains. However, these services require trust and therefore undermine the very nature of the blockchains on which they operate. To overcome this, several decentralized exchanges have recently emerged which offer support for atomic cross-chain swaps (ACCS). ACCS enable the trustless exchange of cryptocurrencies across blockchains, and are the only known mechanism to do so. However, ACCS suffer significant limitations; they are slow, inefficient and costly, meaning that they are rarely used in practice. We present XCLAIM: the first generic framework for achieving trustless and efficient cross-chain exchanges using cryptocurrency-backed assets (CbAs). XCLAIM offers protocols for issuing, transferring, swapping and redeeming CbAs securely in a non-interactive manner on existing blockchains. We instantiate XCLAIM between Bitcoin and Ethereum and evaluate our implementation; it costs less than USD 0.50 to issue an arbitrary amount of Bitcoin-backed tokens on Ethereum. We show XCLAIM is not only faster, but also significantly cheaper than atomic cross-chain swaps. Finally, XCLAIM is compatible with the majority of existing blockchains without modification, and enables several novel cryptocurrency applications, such as cross-chain payment channels and efficient multi-party swaps.
J0203-2-3 Experimenta1 Analysis of Blood Flow in Aorta at Extracorporeal Circulation Using Cannula (2009)

The liquid flow perfused from a cannula into an aortic arch glass model was visualized by using the PIV method. The transparent glass model of a human aortic arch was fabricated based on the CT image of that of a normal adult man. One of five different cannulae actually used in surgical operation was inserted into the glass model. Glycerol aqueous solution having viscosity of 2.403×10^<-3> Pa s was circulated in the model at the flow rate of 4.0 L/min. A laser sheet was irradiated to the flow field simulating an extracorporeal circulation in aortic arch model to capture velocity vectors. Velocity distributions and streamlines in side and cross sectional planes were obtained based on velocity vectors. Based on the result obtained. the comparison of the flow in each cannula was performed.
Quick-Blot: Selective mRNA or DNA Immobilization from Whole Cells (1983)

Quick-blot, a method for selectively immobilizing either mRNA or DNA on nitrocellulose, is described in detail. Essential elements of the procedure for immobilizing DNA include tissue lysis, proteinase K treatment, solubilization of nucleic acids in hot 12.2 molal NaI, passage through a nitrocellulose filter, and acetylation of residual protein with acetic anhydride. Advantages include speed, quantitative recovery, low background, and elimination of the usual baking step. Essential elements of the procedure for selectively immobilizing mRNA include dissolving cells in Brij-35 and desoxycholate, proteinase K treatment, solubilizing nucleic acids in room temperature 12.2 molal NaI, filtration through nitrocellulose, and acetylation of residual protein. Advantages include selective immobilization of mRNA but not tRNA, rRNA, or DNA, and the maintenance of biological activity of the immobilized mRNA. Control experiments to optimize the procedures and examples of their application are shown.
The Transportation Disadvantaged and the Right to the City in Syracuse, New York (2012)

Drawing on the idea of the right to the city, this paper focuses on the challenges facing the transportation disadvantaged in Syracuse, N .Y . This paper will begin by focusing on two programs aimed at transporting welfare recipients to work: the Rides for Work and Wheels for Work programs . This paper will then examine transit activism in Syracuse as it emerged, first in debates over wheelchair lifts on public buses in the 1980s and second as it has emerged in more contemporary organizing efforts aimed at promoting transit awareness . Through these four case studies, this paper argues that urban transportation polices necessarily shape the terms under which the transportation disadvantaged can assert their right to the city
595: The Metastasis Suppressor Gene RhoGDI2 Reduceslung Metastasis in Human Bladder Cancer Via Downregulation of Endothelin 1 (2005)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Monday, May 23, 2005, 8:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 2005595: The Metastasis Suppressor Gene RhoGDI2 Reduceslung Metastasis in Human Bladder Cancer Via Downregulation of Endothelin 1 Brian Titus, John Chirgwin, Theresa Guise, Garret Hampton, and Dan Theodorescu Brian TitusBrian Titus More articles by this author , John ChirgwinJohn Chirgwin More articles by this author , Theresa GuiseTheresa Guise More articles by this author , Garret HamptonGarret Hampton More articles by this author , and Dan TheodorescuDan Theodorescu More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)34835-3AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "595: The Metastasis Suppressor Gene RhoGDI2 Reduceslung Metastasis in Human Bladder Cancer Via Downregulation of Endothelin 1." The Journal of Urology, 173(4S), p. 163 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 4SApril 2005Page: 163 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Brian Titus More articles by this author John Chirgwin More articles by this author Theresa Guise More articles by this author Garret Hampton More articles by this author Dan Theodorescu More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Polyaniline-Grafted RuO2-TiO2 Heterostructure for the Catalysed Degradation of Methyl Orange in Darkness (2019)

Massive industrial and agricultural developments have led to adverse effects of environmental pollution resisting conventional treatment processes. The issue can be addressed via heterogeneous photocatalysis as witnessed recently. Herein, we have developed novel metal/semi-conductor/polymer nanocomposite for the catalyzed degradation and mineralization of a model organic dye pollutant in darkness. RuO2-TiO2 mixed oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were modified with diphenyl amino (DPA) groups from the 4-diphenylamine diazonium salt precursor. The latter was reduced with ascorbic acid to provide radicals that modified the NPs and further served for in situ synthesis of polyaniline (PANI) that resulted in RuO2/TiO2-DPA-PANI nanocomposite catalyst. Excellent adhesion of PANI to RuO2/TiO2-DPA was noted but not in the case of the bare mixed oxide. This stresses the central role of diazonium compounds to tether PANI to the underlying mixed oxide. RuO2-TiO2/DPA/PANI nanocomposite revealed superior catalytic properties in the degradation of Methyl Orange (MO) compared to RuO2-TiO2/PANI and RuO2-TiO2. Interestingly, it is active even in the darkness due to high PANI mass loading. In addition, PANI constitutes a protective layer of RuO2-TiO2 NPs that permitted us to reuse the RuO2-TiO2/DPA/PANI nanocomposite nine times, whereas RuO2-TiO2/PANI and RuO2-TiO2 were reused seven and five times only, respectively. The electronic displacements at the interface of the heterojunction metal/semi-conductor under visible light and the synergistic effects between PANI and RuO2 result in the separation of electron-hole pairs and a reduction of its recombination rate as well as a significant catalytic activity of RuO2-TiO2/DPA/PANI under simulated sunlight and in the dark, respectively.
Broad Bandwidth High Resolution Pulse Shaping Using a 2-D VIPA - Grating Pulse Shaper (2007)

A Fourier pulse shaping apparatus is demonstrated using a diffraction grating and VIPA in a 2-D configuration for simultaneous large bandwidth and high-resolution pulse-shape synthesis.
Temperature Tunable Narrow-Band Terahertz Metasurface Absorber Based on InSb Micro-Cylinder Arrays for Enhanced Sensing Application (2020)

A narrow-band metasurface absorber (MSA) based on InSb micro-cylinder arrays has been proposed and investigated numerically, which could be believed to be applicable for both temperature and refractive index (RI) sensing in terahertz (THz) region. Distinct from previous designs, the proposed narrow-band MSA is only consisted of a sub-wavelength periodic micro-cylinder array based on the InSb material possessing an extremely thermosensitive relative permittivity which varies with the external environment temperature, and a gold ground-plane deposited on a glass substrate. Numerical simulation results indicate that the proposed MSA can achieve an absorbance of 99.9% at 1.8985 THz and the corresponding Q-factor is about 120.9 at room temperature (300 K). It is inferred that the narrow-band perfect absorption of the MSA could be contributed to the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) resonance mode excitation. Furthermore, the absorption property of the designed MSA is found to be highly sensitive to the RI value variations of the surrounding mediums and fluctuations of external environment temperature. Thus, the proposed MSA can be not only operated as a temperature sensor with a sensitivity of 2.13 GHz/K, but also a RI sensor with a sensitivity of 960 GHz/RIU (refractive index unit). Due to its high sensing performance, it can be believed that the narrow-band MSA has great potential applications in chemical, biological or other optoelectronic related areas.
Conversion from 50 KeV to DUV mask writer for 90-nm technology critical layers (2004)

One of Cypress’ primary goals for 90-nm generation mask strategy is to control mask costs while not compromising on performance. One key objective is to replace the use of 50-ke V electron beam pattern generation with DUV laser mask lithography where possible. The higher productivity of the DUV laser systems compared to the 50Ke V e-beam platforms offers a unique opportunity for mask cost reduction. Compared to previous i-line generations of laser lithography systems, the DUV laser systems provide significantly improved resolution and pattern fidelity that more closely approaches that of ebeam lithography. We have previously published experimental results demonstrating that the difference in fidelity on the mask between the laser and EB platforms does not always translate to a measurable difference in wafer litho performance or even more importantly to a measurable difference in electrical performance. Through this work, Cypress was able to eliminate the use of 50Ke V ebeam writers for all of their 130nm technology node layers. In some cases the improved performance of the DUV tools was sufficient to replace i-line produced masks where wafer performance was marginal without having to resort to EB lithography. This study addresses the conversion of 50Ke V ebeam layers to DUV laser platform specifically for the critical layers of the Cypress’ 90nm Technology node. EB lithography was originally specified for these layers as a conservative approach in part due to the timing of 90-nm technology development relative to the maturation of the DUV laser mask lithography process. In this study, the electrical performance and wafer yield are evaluated for equivalency in order to take advantage of the lower cost and faster cycletime that use of a ALTA DUV system provides over the 50Ke V VSB systems. In addition, the wafer OPC is not changed between the two mask writing systems in order to allow interchangeable use of the two writing systems if the experimental results indicated no difference in wafer performance.
REGULATION SCHEME FOR PRECISION MAGNET POWER SUPPLY (2007)

Accelerators require extremely precise high-current magnet power supplies to drive its magneto-optic devices for proper beam dynamics. The dc precision of the power supply, which generally defines the absolute tolerance of its current, can be split up into three distinct parts - ripple, short-term and long-term stability. To ensure that the output current is within an error-band of 10ppm or less, a three-loop regulation topology has been developed and implemented in a high current magnet power supply (750A/12V) that uses transistor bank as the series pass element.
Mode Controlling Approach on Multi Level Optimization for Crash Safety design of Vehicle (2001)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;It is important to improve the deceleration characteristic and the cabin deformation for a collision safety design of vehicle. At the same time it is required to reduce the vehicle weight to satisfy the driving performance and environmental restriction. Therefore there is a strong demand to develop an optimization approach to design a safer and lighter vehicle. The authors have proposed a Statistical Design Support System (SDSS), and brought forward that the SDSS is one of the available optimal approaches for the nonlinear and dynamic phenomena. In this study, they proposed a new concept called as mode controlling approach to keep the side members in ideal buckling mode. As a result, it was shown that high deceleration performance and light body can be realized by using this approach and SDSS.&lt;/div&gt;
Pro-Arrhythmic Ventricular Remodeling Is Associated With Increased Respiratory and Low-Frequency Oscillations of Monophasic Action Potential Duration in the Chronic Atrioventricular Block Dog Model (2019)

In addition to beat-to-beat fluctuations, action potential duration (APD) oscillates at (1) a respiratory frequency and (2) a low frequency (LF) (<0.1 Hz), probably caused by bursts of sympathetic nervous system discharge. This study investigates whether ventricular remodeling in the chronic AV block (CAVB) dog alters these oscillations of APD and whether this has consequences for arrhythmogenesis. We performed a retrospective analysis of 39 dog experiments in sinus rhythm (SR), acute AV block (AAVB), and after 2 weeks of chronic AV block. Spectral analysis of left ventricular monophasic action potential duration (LV MAPD) was done to quantify respiratory frequency (RF) power and LF power. Dofetilide (0.025 mg/kg in 5 min) was infused to test for inducibility of Torsade de Pointes (TdP) arrhythmias. RF power was significantly increased at CAVB compared to AAVB and SR (log[RF] of -1.13 ± 1.62 at CAVB vs. log[RF] of -2.82 ± 1.24 and -3.29 ± 1.29 at SR and AAVB, respectively, <i>p</i> < 0.001). LF power was already significantly increased at AAVB and increased even further at CAVB (-3.91 ± 0.70 at SR vs. -2.52 ± 0.85 at AAVB and -1.14 ± 1.62 at CAVB, <i>p</i> < 0.001). In addition, LF power was significantly larger in inducible CAVB dogs (log[LF] -0.6 ± 1.54 in inducible dogs vs. -2.56 ± 0.43 in non-inducible dogs, <i>p</i> < 0.001). In conclusion, ventricular remodeling in the CAVB dog results in augmentation of respiratory and low-frequency (LF) oscillations of LV MAPD. Furthermore, TdP-inducible CAVB dogs show increased LF power.
Vector-based metagenomics for animal virus surveillance (2010)

Background: Recent epidemics have underscored the importance of non-human viral reservoirs and the devastating impact of emerging viruses on human health. Broad understanding of the animal viruses circulating in a given region is crucial for monitoring emerging diseases, but is hindered by the inability to sample enough individuals and by the difficulty of characterizing previously undescribed viruses. As mosquitoes draw blood from animals and humans and are known to carry a number of viruses, metagenomic sequencing of viral particles purified from mosquitoes enables surveillance of the animal viruses circulating in a given region. Methods: To characterize actively circulating viruses and provide a baseline for detection of emerging viruses, viral metagenomics was performed on mosquitoes captured from San Diego, California. Virus particles were purified from mosquitoes through filtration, chloroform, and nuclease treatment. Nucleic acids were then extracted from the purified viral particles, and subjected to metagenomic sequencing followed by bioinformatic analysis. Results: This study identified a number of previously unknown DNA and RNA viruses from the mosquito virome. Highly diverse novel single-stranded DNA viruses were discovered, with limited amino acid identity (40-63%) to known human anellovirus and animal circovirus genomes in Genbank. One of the circoviruses showed a unique genomic organization with characteristics of several ssDNA viral types. Several closely related virus genomes were recovered from individual samples; however, viruses from different samples varied widely, indicating distinct virus profiles. A number of partial sequences from novel RNA animal viruses were also identified. New RNA viruses characterized from the mosquitoes had only extremely limited amino acid identity to members of the Bunyaviridae and Rhabdoviridae families. Conclusion: In summary, this study has identified a diversity of novel DNA and RNA viruses, successfully demonstrating that numerous unknown viral species are circulating in mosquitoes. Through the use of vector-based viral metagenomics, the animal viruses present in a given region can be characterized and used as a baseline to monitor emerging viruses of relevance to human and animal health. Abstracts for SupplementInternational Journal of Infectious DiseasesVol. 14Preview Full-Text PDF Open Archive
Discovery of a Potent Class I Selective Ketone Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor with Antitumor Activity in Vivo and Optimized Pharmacokinetic Properties (2009)

The optimization of a potent, class I selective ketone HDAC inhibitor is shown. It possesses optimized pharmacokinetic properties in preclinical species, has a clean off-target profile, and is negative in a microbial mutagenicity (Ames) test. In a mouse xenograft model it shows efficacy comparable to that of vorinostat at a 10-fold reduced dose.
Building Bridges Between Elderly and TV Application Developers (2012)

Abstract- The development of new digital TV systems and the design practices adopted in the development of new TV based applications often isolate elderly and disabled users. By considering them as users with special needs and not taking their problems into account during the design phase of an application, developers are creating new accessibility problems or just keeping bad old habits. In this paper, we describe a novel adaptive accessibility approach on how to develop accessible TV applications, by making use of multimodal interaction techniques and without requiring too much effort from the developers. By putting user-centered design techniques in practice, and supporting the use of multimodal interfaces with several input and output devices, we confront users, developers and manufactures with new interaction and design paradigms. From their evaluation, new techniques are created capable of helping in the development of accessible TV applications. Keywords–multimodal; adaptation; developers; elderly. I.
Using the phenylalanine (PHE) stable isotope pulse method to measure intracellular protein breakdown and metabolic shunting in the context of sepsis in the pig (2012)

To develop an easy applicable clinical method to measure protein metabolism, we tested the PHE stable isotope pulse method (PULSE) and compared the results with a simultaneously performed primed‐continuous infusion protocol (CONTI) during sepsis in pigs with stimulated whole body protein breakdown (WbRa). 12 pigs with Pseudomonas aeroginosa induced hyperdynamic sepsis and 8 controls were studied 17h after start. WbRa CONTI with L‐[13C6]PHE and WbRa‐PULSE with L‐[15N]PHE. Plasma PHE enrichment by LC‐MS, WbRa‐CONTI = I/TTR, compartmental analysis (SAAM II) PULSE. Data (mean (SE)); stats (Prism). WbRa‐CONTI was 22% higher in septic pigs {924 (23) to 1130 (46) nmol/kg BW/min} (p=0.0032), while WbRa‐PULSE 36% {1722 (66) to 2342 (191); p=0.0164}. Sepsis show a substantial expansion of pool 1 and 2 and metabolic shunting (pool 2&gt;&lt;1), while intracellular PB increased 31% {2620 (82) to 3425 (305); p=0.0426}. Ra‐PULSE relates to intracellular PB (p&lt;0.0001) and Ra‐CONTI to Ra‐PULSE (P&lt;0.001). Changes in Ra‐CONTI reflect intracellular PB with high sensitivity. PULSE in addition shows that sepsis in the pig is related to a substantial increase in metabolic shunting in relation to expansion of the pools (probably intra‐ and extracellular). It is suggested that the CONTI method can be replaced with the easy applicable PULSE method that also provides additional information about intracellular fluxes and breakdown.
High-Efficiency Transmission for Medical Implants (2011)

Medical implants require an internal supply voltage able to deliver a certain quantity of power. This power has to be transmitted by a pair of weakly coupled coils. In order to do this, the dc voltage of the external battery has to be converted into an ac signal. Inside the body, this ac signal has to be converted again into a dc voltage. The efficiency that can be obtained depends on the coupling factor, the quality factor of the coils, the driver circuit, and the regulator circuit.
Fingerprinting: Into the Future (2008)

Although fingerprints have been used in forensic science for over 100 years, development of new visualisation techniques to obtain images of latent fingermarks for identification purposes is continuing. The use of nanoparticles, including functionalised nanoparticles is being explored as is the use of spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. These techniques, and mass spectrometric techniques such as DESI-MS and DART-TOF-MS, can be used to detect traces of drugs and explosives on latent fingermarks; offering the possibility of providing ‘intelligence’ information about the leaver of a print. Nanoparticles functionalised with antibodies have been used to differentiate prints from smokers and non-smokers. Investigation of the chemistry of latent fingermarks has shown important differences between adults and children which have already been used in forensic casework. As advances are made in instrumentation, we can expect to see further advances not only in visualisation of latent prints but also in additional ‘lifestyle’ information which can be gleaned about individuals from their prints.