gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evidence on the operation of ATP‐induced capacitative calcium entry in breast cancer cells and its blockade by 17β‐estradiol (2002)

Little is known about the regulation of cytosolic calcium Ca(2+) levels ([Ca(2+)](i)) in breast cancer cells. We investigated the existence of capacitative calcium entry (CCE) in the tumorigenic cell line MCF-7 and its responsiveness to ATP. MCF-7 cells express purinergic receptors as well as estrogen receptors (ER). Depletion of calcium stores with thapsigargin (TG, 500 nM) or ATP (10 microM) in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+), resulted in a rapid and transient elevation in [Ca(2+)](i). After recovery of basal levels, Ca(2+) readmission (1.5 mM) to the medium increased Ca(2+) influx (twofold over basal), reflecting pre-activation of a CCE pathway. Cells pretreated with TG were unable to respond to ATP, thus indicating that the same Ca(2+) store is involved in their response. Moreover, IP(3)-dependent ATP-induced calcium mobilization and CCE were completely blocked using compound U-73122, an inhibitor of phospholipase C. Compound 2-APB (75 microM) and Gd(3+) (10 microM), antagonists of the CCE pathway, completely prevented ATP-stimulated capacitative Ca(2+) entry. CCE in MCF-7 cells was highly permeable to Mn(2+) and to the Ca(2+) surrogate Sr(2+). Mn(2+) entry sensitivity to Gd(3+) matched that of the Ca(2+) entry pathway. 17Beta-estradiol blocked ATP-induced CCE, but was without effect on TG-induced CCE. Besides, the estrogen blockade of the ATP-induced CCE was completely abolished by preincubation of the cells with an ER monoclonal antibody. ER alpha immunoreactivity could also be detected in a purified plasma membrane fraction of MCF-7 cells. These results represent the first evidence on the operation of a ATP-responsive CCE pathway in MCF-7 cells and also indicate that 17beta-estradiol interferes with this mechanism by acting at the cell surface level.
Highly distensible nanostructured elastic hydrogels from AB diblock and ABA triblock copolymer melt blends (2010)

A new structural motif for the generation of highly distensible, highly elastic, nanostructured hydrogels is presented. Based on the swelling of vitrified melt-phase blends of sphere-forming polystyrene–poly(ethylene oxide) diblock and polystyrene–poly(ethylene oxide)–polystyrene triblock copolymers, the equilibrium swelling ratio (3.8–36.9 g H2O per g polymer) and dynamic elastic modulus (G′ = 1700–160 000 Pa) of these novel hydrogel systems were found to be remarkably tunable through simple manipulation of temperature (10–50 °C) and triblock copolymer content (3.3–72.0 mol%). Mechanical properties were found to be almost exclusively a function of triblock copolymer content, independent of temperature induced changes in swelling ratio. The resulting hydrogels were highly elastic at all swelling ratios with G′/G″ ≈ 102 for the range of triblock copolymer concentrations examined. Hydrogel samples exhibited excellent preservation of dry polymer shape upon swelling, with complete recovery of both shape and mechanical performance following repeated compression–decompression cycles.
X-RAY COMPATIBLE MICROFLUIDIC PLATFORMS FOR SCREENING, CRYSTALLIZATION AND DE NOVO STRUCTURE DETERMINATION OF PROTEINS (2011)

We present here an X-ray compatible, array based microfluidic chip that functions as a complete crystallization platform. It is capable of screening multiple crystallization conditions using minimal amount of protein solution per trial and facilitates de novo structure determination by collecting and merging X-ray data from multiple crystals grown on-chip. Our approach bypasses issues associated with the need to grow large, high quality crystals, crystal damage during handling, cryocooling, and radiation exposure and enables in situ data collection at biologically relevant temperatures. To validate the method, we determined the structure of PhnA to 2.30{angstrom} resolution solely using data collected on-chip. Here we have presented a microfluidic platform that allows for screening of crystallization conditions, together with on-chip X-ray analysis of the crystals formed. Not only do these chips eliminate crystal handling, they also allow for room temperature data collection from multiple small crystals, as opposed to collecting data from single large crystals, which requires cryocooling to avoid radiation damage. Efforts on extending the capabilities of this platform to perform a variety of other studies on different novel protein targets are currently underway.
Supplementary Figure 1 from OTX2 Represses Myogenic and Neuronal Differentiation in Medulloblastoma Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 86K, Expression of OTX2 in medulloblastoma cell lines and the cell cycle analysis of D425 cells following OTX2 knockdown.&lt;/p&gt;
Normal Variation of Vertebral Artery on CT Angiography and Its Implications for Diagnosis of Acquired Pathology (2002)

Vertebral artery size and position in the transverse foramina vary markedly in normal young subjects. These normal variations must be considered when evaluating vertebral artery pathology on CT angiograms.
THE PREPARATION AND FUNGICIDAL ACTIVITY OF SOME AMIDES OF CHLORAL AND α,α,β-TRICHLOROBUTYRALDEHYDE1 (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE PREPARATION AND FUNGICIDAL ACTIVITY OF SOME AMIDES OF CHLORAL AND α,α,β-TRICHLOROBUTYRALDEHYDE1JOSEPH P. LAROCCA, JOHN M. LEONARD, and WARREN E. WEAVERCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1951, 16, 1, 47–50Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01141a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01141a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views67Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
UPTAKE OF COPPER IN HYDRILLA* (1971)

Summary. A linear increase from 933 to 15,943 ppmw of copper occurred in hydrilla ( Hydrilla verticillata Casp.) 4 days after treatment with copper sulphate pentahydrate (CUSO 4 . 5H 2 O, CSP) at 0·5–4·0 ppmw of copper. Neither increase in calcium levels to 0·8 MM in the ambient solution nor aeration affected the amount of copper in excised hydrilla tissue during a 24‐h treatment period with CSP at 1·0 ppmw of copper. Part of the accumulated copper appeared to be bound in hydrilla. A higher accumulation of copper occurred after treatment with an organic copper complex (cutrine) than with either CSP or copper chloride (CuCI 2 .2H 2 O, at 1·0 ppmw of copper. This high accumulation with cutrine appeared to be related principally to the amount of copper remaining in the treatment solution.
Statin initiation and all-cause mortality in incident statin-naïve dialysis patients (2021)

Statin initiation was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality in statin-naïve ESKD patients. As indication bias may be present in observational study setting, further prospective studies are warranted to validate the association of statin initiation with mortality in incident dialysis cases.
Challenges of Large-Scale Augmented Reality on Smartphones (2011)

Smartphones have been identified as most promising future devices for an Augmented Reality (AR) mass market. However, their use puts considerable constraints on the design and composition of AR applications. The key problem is to find a registration mechanism for accurate six degree of freedom (6DOF) self-localization with respect to the environment. Approaches based on Computer Vision (CV) have been shown to be promising, but the feasibility of many CV methods on smartphones is questionable. In this paper we discuss current and future challenges faced in developing AR on smartphones, in particular for large and unconstrained outdoor environments. We focus on the registration task, giving a survey and an assessment of existing approaches from AR and CV. From this survey, we identify a set of important issues still seeking for practical solutions, both in terms of the fundamental registration problem and for making AR on smartphones a unique experience. As will become apparent, despite recent advances, we are still far from arriving at a universal solution to the problem.
ChemInform Abstract: FORMATION OF N‐ACYL DERIVATIVES OF N,N′‐DISUBSTITUTED UREA IN THE REACTION OF PEPTIDE BOND FORMATION BY THE CARBODIIMIDE METHOD. I. REACTIONS OF N‐DERIVATIVES OF GLYCINE (1976)

Abstract Bei der Peptid‐Synthese mit Dicyclohexylcarbodiimid (I) entstehen als acylierende Agenzien O‐Acyl‐dicyclohexylisoharnstoffe des Typs (III); Reaktionen des Carbodiimids (I) mit den Glycinen (II) in Acetonitril bei 20°C liefern infolge einer Isomerisierung dieser Intermediären die N‐Acyl‐dicyclohexylharnstoffe (IV).
Electron transport in wurtzite indium nitride (1998)

We present the velocity-field characteristics of wurtzite indium nitride, determined using an ensemble Monte Carlo approach. It is found that indium nitride exhibits an extremely high peak drift velocity at room temperature, 4.3×107 cm/s, at a doping concentration of 1.0×1017 cm−3. We also demonstrate that the saturation drift velocity of indium nitride, 2.5×107 cm/s, is comparable to that of gallium nitride, and much larger than that of gallium arsenide. Our results suggest that the transport characteristics of indium nitride are superior to those of gallium nitride and gallium arsenide, over a wide range of temperatures, from 150 to 500 K, and doping concentrations, up to 1.0×1019 cm−3. Hence, indium nitride has considerable potential for device applications.
The effect of altering dietary cystine and methionine levels at similar ratios to lysine on the requirements for sulphur amino acids in weaner pigs (1995)

The efficient production of the weaner pig requires accurate knowledge of its amino acid requirements. This is particularly relevant today as it is increasingly important to reduce nitrogenous waste from pigs. During the past decade formulations for feeds were based on the ideal protein profile of the lean tissue of pigs in which the sulphur amino acid requirements were assessed as the combination of total sulphur amino acids rather than through their individual amino acids, methionine and cystine (Agricultural Research Council, 1981). Today, this concept is challenged. The effect of the changing cystine demand in the weaner pig on the total ileal digestible sulphur amino acid (IDSAA) requirements and hence methionine levels requires study. The objective of this experiment was to understand the requirements and relationship between true ileal digestible cystine and methionine to lysine ratio in the ideal protein content of food to achieve efficient production in the young pig.
Evaluating Amyloid-β Oligomers in Cerebrospinal Fluid as a Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease (2013)

The current study evaluated amyloid-β oligomers (Aβo) in cerebrospinal fluid as a clinical biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We developed a highly sensitive Aβo ELISA using the same N-terminal monoclonal antibody (82E1) for capture and detection. CSF samples from patients with AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and healthy controls were examined. The assay was specific for oligomerized Aβ with a lower limit of quantification of 200 fg/ml, and the assay signal showed a tight correlation with synthetic Aβo levels. Three clinical materials of well characterized AD patients (n = 199) and cognitively healthy controls (n = 148) from different clinical centers were included, together with a clinical material of patients with MCI (n = 165). Aβo levels were elevated in the all three AD-control comparisons although with a large overlap and a separation from controls that was far from complete. Patients with MCI who later converted to AD had increased Aβo levels on a group level but several samples had undetectable levels. These results indicate that presence of high or measurable Aβo levels in CSF is clearly associated with AD, but the overlap is too large for the test to have any diagnostic potential on its own.
Metal Complexes as the Means or the End of Targeted Delivery for Unmet Needs (2022)

Targeted delivery of drugs, particularly for cancer, can reduce side effects, enhance efficacy, and enable personalized approaches to treatment. The potential for metal complexes to contribute to targeted delivery, including the chaperoning and caging of other active agents and the selective delivery of active metal compounds, is discussed in this chapter. Despite the extraordinary flexibility and responsiveness that metal complexes can provide, there are few examples of their use in targeted drug delivery. The focus of this chapter is firstly on the principles for selecting a metal and designing a complex to enable drug targeting, and this is followed by a description of the work that has been done to date to develop and test such complexes in the context of the targeting strategies being employed. The work done to date is discussed primarily in terms of unmet needs in cancer treatment, but the principles for targeted delivery can be applied to other diseases and illnesses.
Studies on Eight Transplantable Plasma-Cell Neoplasms of Mice (1960)

Eight plasma-cell neoplasms from mice of strain C3H/He or BALB/cAn, which were associated with the appearance of serum myeloma globulin in each new host, have been maintained in transplant. Each neoplasm was differentiated from the others by a characteristic serum- or urinary-protein electrophoretic pattern that developed during progressive growth of the transplanted tumor. The various plasma-cell neoplasms produced a variety of globulins with electrophoretic mobilities extending from the γ- to the γ-region. Each neoplasm produced proteins that were confined to a part of this globulin region, which indicated a restricted protein-producing capacity. Two neoplasms, which produced similar serum globulin electrophoretic patterns, were differentiated by the appearance of Bence Jones protein in the urine of mice bearing one of the neoplasms but not in mice bearing the other. During serial transplantation, or transplantation to hybrids and certain other strains, the characteristic serum- and urinary-protein changes remained constant and did not change. It was concluded that the globulin production unique to each tumor was a stable heritable characteristic.
Statistical and Block Copolymers of Ethylene and Vinyl Acetate via Reversible Addition‐Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization (2021)

A dithiocarbamate chain transfer agent (CTA) based on Z-group substituted with a diphenyl amine (-NPh<sub>2</sub> ) moiety is selected for the synthesis of statistical and diblock copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. Benefiting from the good chain growth control of polyethylene (PE), poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc), and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) achieved with this CTA, linear diblock copolymers of the type EVA-b-PE, EVA-b-EVA, and PVAc-b-EVA are successfully synthesized. A three-arm EVA star is additionally obtained starting from a trifunctional dithiocarbamate CTA.
ΔNp63&alpha Overexpression Induces Downregulation of Sirt1 and an Accelerated Aging Phenotype in the Mouse (2006)

p63 is highly expressed in the skin and appears to be an early marker of keratinocyte differentiation. To examine the role of p63 in vivo, we generated transgenic mice that overexpress deltaNp63alpha in the skin. These mice exhibited an accelerated aging phenotype in the skin characterized by striking wound healing defects, decreased skin thickness, decreased subcutaneous fat tissue, hair loss, and decreased cell proliferation. The accelerated skin aging was accompanied by a dramatic decrease in longevity of the mice. We found that aging in deltaNp63alpha transgenic mice and other mouse models correlated with levels of Sirt1, a mammalian SIR2 orthologue thought to extend the lifespan in lower species. Moreover, increased deltaNp63alpha expression induced cellular senescence that was rescued by Sirt1. Our data suggest that deltaNp63alpha levels may affect aging in mammals, at least in part, through regulation of Sirt1.
Learning from Local Experience: Informed Sampling Distributions for High Dimensional Motion Planning (2023)

This paper presents a sampling-based motion planning framework that leverages the geometry of obstacles in a workspace as well as prior experiences from motion planning problems. Previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of utilizing prior solutions to motion planning problems for improving planning efficiency. However, particularly for high-dimensional systems, achieving high performance across randomized environments remains a technical challenge for experience-based approaches due to the substantial variance between each query. To address this challenge, we propose a novel approach that involves decoupling the problem into subproblems through algorithmic workspace decomposition and graph search. Additionally, we capitalize on prior experience within each subproblem. This approach effectively reduces the variance across different problems, leading to improved performance for experience-based planners. To validate the effectiveness of our framework, we conduct experiments using 2D and 6D robotic systems. The experimental results demonstrate that our framework outperforms existing algorithms in terms of planning time and cost.
Iron sulfide-embedded carbon microsphere anode material with high-rate performance for lithium-ion batteries (2011)

Iron sulfide-embedded carbon microspheres were prepared via a solvothermal process and show high specific capacity and excellent high-rate performance as anode material for lithium-ion batteries.
Resistance of Transgenic Prunus domestica to Plum Pox Virus Infection (1997)

Transgenic plum trees (Prunus domestica) containing the plum pox potyvirus coat protein (PPV-CP) gene were inoculated with PPV by aphid feeding or chip budding. Infection was monitored by evaluation of virus symptoms, DAS-ELISA, and immunoblot assays. Based on observations and analyses over 3 years including two dormancy cycles, one out of five transgenic clones (C-5), was found to be resistant to infection whether inoculated by aphids or by chip budding. PPV could not be detected in any inoculated plants of the C-5 clone by immunoblot or immunocap-ture-reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays. To our knowledge, this is the first P. domestica clone resistant to PPV infection produced by genetic engineering.
Circularly polarized colour reflection from helicoidal structures in the beetlePlusiotis boucardi (2007)

A detailed optical study of the iridescent outer-shell of the beetle Plusiotis boucardi has revealed a novel microstructure which controls both the polarization and wavelength of reflected light. A previously unreported hexagonal array across the integument of the beetle exhibits highly localized regions of reflection of only red and green left-handed circularly-polarized light. Optical and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging reveals the origin of this effect as an array of 'bowl-shaped' recesses on the elytra that are formed from a dual-pitch helicoidal layer. Reflectivity spectra collected from the beetle are compared to theoretical data produced using a multi-layer optics model for modelling chiral, optically anisotropic media such as cholesteric liquid crystals. Excellent agreement is obtained between data and theory produced using a model that incorporates an upper isotropic layer (of cuticular wax), followed by a short pitch (310 (±1) nm) overlying a longer pitch (370 (±1) nm) helicoidal layer of optically anisotropic material. These layers are backed by an absorbing underlayer. Synthetic replication of this form of structure may provide a route to the fabrication of tuneable micro-mirrors for optical applications. © IOP Publishing Ltd and Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft.
Persistence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in soil, crops, and ensiled feed following manure spreading on infected dairy farms. (2013)

The goal of this study was to determine the persistence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in soil, crops, and ensiled feeds following manure spreading. This bacterium was often found in soil samples, but less frequently in harvested feeds and silage. Spreading of manure on fields used for crop harvest is preferred to spreading on grazing pastures.
Materials for advanced optical amplifiers (2001)

Fiber optic communications have been aided considerably by the coincidence at roughly 1550 nm of the minimum in the loss curve of Ge-doped silica and the peak of the emission spectrum of the 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 electronic transition of the trivalent erbium ion, Er3+. It has enabled large numbers of wavelength-multiplexed channels to be transmitted over considerable distances, boosted along the way by comparatively inexpensive erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) with excellent signal-to-noise characteristics. The pre-eminent fiber host in practical applications is alumina- and germania-doped silica (Al/Si), which offers a potent combination of low loss, high power-conversion efficiency, compatibility with 980 nm pump, mature fabrication technology, high fiber strength and reliability, and compatibility with a preferred fiber joining technology, arc-fusion splice.
High dynamic range multi-channel cross-correlator for single-shot temporal contrast measurement (2016)

We have developed a multi-channel cross-correlator for high dynamic range (>1010), single-shot temporal contrast measurements. The correlator utilizes a third-order crosscorrelation technique and has a reference channel, to be normalized by the measured peak intensity, and four independent optical delay lines. The measurement results of the shot-to-shot temporal contrast clearly show the intensity fluctuations of short pre-pulses at -4.5 ps and -26 ps before main pulse.