gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Service and Feature Interactions in TINA. (1998)

. A neglected aspect of feature interaction is the study of appropriate architectures to avoid interactions. This paper considers TINA. TINA is a networking architecture being developed by the TINA Consortium, a group of major telecommunication companies, in order to provide a common base for the provision of multimedia services. However, TINA explicitly supports interworking of services and so unless TINA can avoid interactions we jeopardise having fast, reliable service creation. Following a short introduction into TINA, this paper looks at the effects this architecture has on the feature interaction problem. We identified three ways services can interwork within TINA. Namely, Composition, Federation, and by means of the Access Session. We then investigate the potential for interactions in TINA by reviewing the nature and causes of TINA based interactions with regard to the feature interaction benchmark by Cameron et al. 1 Introduction The Telecommunication Information Networking Ar...
Clinical Outcomes and Safety of Transfemoral Aortic Valve Implantation Under General Versus Local Anesthesia (2014)

The less invasive transfemoral-TAVI under LA is preferred in clinical settings and seems to be acceptable; however, the higher incidence of postprocedural aortic regurgitation is emphasized. Therapeutic efforts should be made to reduce such complications during transfemoral-TAVI under LA.
In Situ Detection of Lytic Epstein-Barr Virus Infection: Expression of the NotI Early Gene and Viral Interleukin-IO Late Gene in Clinical Specimens (1993)

Riboprobes that detect two genes expressed only during productive infection were developed to characterize the clinical spectrum of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic infection and identify diseases that may be responsive to antiviral drug therapy. The NotI antisense probe hybridizes to tandem repeats in the abundant early lytic cycle BHLF1 mRNA. Transcripts were detected in lytically infected cell lines, AIDS-associated oral hairy leukoplakia, bone marrow of a patient with virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome, and spleen of an AIDS patient but not in EBV-positive primary central nervous system lymphomas or in circulating EBV-infected B cells from a patient with acute infectious mononucleosis. The viral (v) interleukin-10 (IL-10) probe hybridizes to the unique 5' end of the late lytic cycle BCRF1 mRNA, which encodes a protein homologous to the human cytokine IL-10. The vIL-10 probe detected transcripts in lytically infected cell lines and within the differentiated layers of oral hairy leukoplakia.
Magnetic Needle Steering in Soft Phantom Tissue (2020)

Needle steering is a technology for guiding needles around sensitive internal obstacles in minimally invasive surgery. Traditional techniques apply rotation at the base of a needle with an asymmetric tip, enabling steering through the redirection of radial forces. Magnetic steering of catheters and continuum manipulators is another technology that allows steering of a shaft in the body. Both of these techniques rely on mechanical or manual shaft advancement methods. Needle steering has not achieved widespread clinical use due to several limitations: 1- buckling and compression effects in the shaft and needle rotation cause excessive tissue damage; 2- torsion effects on the shaft and needle deflection at tissue boundaries lead to difficulty in control; and 3- restricted radius of curvature results in limited workspace. Magnetically steered catheters and continuum manipulators also suffer from limited curvature and the possibility of buckling. This paper proposes a novel needle steering method empowered by electromagnetic actuation that overcomes all of the aforementioned limitations, making it a promising option for further study toward healthcare applications.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex impairs theory of mind learning (2011)

Imaging and lesion studies indicate that the prefrontal cortex plays a prominent role in mediating theory of mind (ToM) functioning. Particularly, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) appears to be involved in mediating ToM functioning. This study utilized slow repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the VMPFC in 13 healthy subjects in order to test whether normal functioning of the VMPFC is necessary for ToM functioning. We found that rTMS to the VMPFC, but not sham-rTMS, significantly disrupted ToM learning. Performance on a control task, not involving affective ToM functioning, was not significantly altered after applying rTMS to the VMPFC or sham-rTMS. In an additional experiment, rTMS to the vertex did not significantly affect ToM learning, confirming specificity of the VMPFC region. These findings indicate that the VMPFC is critical for intact ToM learning and shed further light on the concept and localization of ToM in particular and empathic functioning in general.
An algorithm for a numerical solution of differential-algebraic equations (2002)

Presented is the solution algorithm of initial value problem of the general implicit system of differential-algebraic equations (DAE) f(x,y,y')=0. System is linearized with respect to polynomial coefficients in y and the solution is advanced by a single-step multi-stage collocation method. The algorithm turns out to be robust and stable, as well as a convenient tool for derivation of all possible collocation quadrature formulae and for designing their desired properties. The method is suitable for solving stiff differential equations and DAE that arise in many mechanical and control systems.
Detection of Asymptomatic Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Lesion in Rats by Exhaled Air Analysis Using Carbon Nanotube Sensors (2011)

The ante-mortem diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) still relies on clinical symptoms. Biomarkers could in principle be used for the early detection of PD-related neuronal damage, but no validated, inexpensive, and simple biomarkers are available yet. Here we report on the breath-print of presymptomatic PD in rats, using a model with 50% lesion of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra. Exhaled breath was collected from 19 rats (10 lesioned and 9 sham operated) and analyzed using organically functionalized carbon nanotube sensors. Discriminant factor analysis detected statistically significant differences between the study groups and a classification accuracy of 90% was achieved using leave-one-out cross-validation. The sensors' breath-print was supported by determining statistically significant differences of several volatile organic compounds in the breath of the lesioned rats and the sham operated rats, using gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry. The observed breath-print shows potential for cost-effective, fast, and reliable early PD detection.
Interaction of coherent phonons with defects and elementary excitations (2010)

We present an overview of the feasibility of using coherent phonon spectroscopy to study interaction dynamics of excited lattice vibrations with their environments. By exploiting the features of coherent phonons with a pump-probe technique, one can study lattice motions in a sub-picosecond time range. The dephasing properties tell us not only about interaction dynamics with carriers (electrons and holes) or thermal phonons but also about point defects in crystals. Modulations of the coherent phonon amplitude by more than two modes are closely related to phonon-carrier or phonon-phonon interferences. Related to this phenomenon, formation of coherent phonons at higher harmonics gives direct evidence for phonon-phonon couplings. A combined study of coherent phonons and ultrafast carrier response can be useful for understanding phonon-carrier interaction dynamics. For metals like zinc, nonequilibrium electrons may dominate the dynamics of both relaxation and generation of coherent phonons. The frequency chirp of coherent phonons can be a direct measure of how and when phonon-phonon and phonon-carrier couplings occur. Carbon nanotubes show some complicated behavior due to the existence of many modes with different symmetries, resulting in superposition or interference. To illustrate one of the most interesting applications, the selective excitation of specific phonon modes through the use of a pulse train technique is shown.
HYPXIM &#x2014; A hyperspectral satellite defined for science, security and defence users (2011)

Based on sound mission technical requirements provided by a group of national experts in hyperspectral imagery [1], CNES has been conducting pre-phase A study with the support of Astrium and Thales Alenia Space, in non-concurrent engineering. The first promising results helped to propose HYPEX to ESA Earth Explorer 8 call for missions [4]. This paper summarizes the results up to now. Two mission scenarios were defined : the first scenario, named HYPXIM-Challenging, aims at finding out the highest possible performance level achievable using a microsatellite platform, whereas the goals of the second scenario, called HYPXIM-Performance, are to reach a higher spatial resolution and to provide a TIR hyperspectral capability.
African swine fever virus A238L inhibitor of NF-κB and of calcineurin phosphatase is imported actively into the nucleus and exported by a CRM1-mediated pathway (2007)

This study examined nuclear and cytoplasmic shuttling of the African swine fever virus (ASFV) A238L protein, which is an inhibitor of NF-kappaB and of calcineurin phosphatase. The results showed that the protein was present in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm in ASFV-infected cells and that the higher molecular mass 32 kDa form of the A238L protein was the predominant nuclear form, which accumulated later in infection. In contrast, both the 28 and 32 kDa forms of the A238L protein were present in the cytoplasm. The A238L protein was actively imported into the nucleus and exported by a CRM1-mediated pathway, although a pool of the protein remained in the cytoplasm and did not enter the nucleus. By using a recombinant ASFV from which the A238L gene had been deleted, it was shown that expression of A238L did not inhibit nuclear import of the NF-kappaB p50 or p65 subunit and did not inhibit nuclear export of p65 by a CRM1-mediated pathway. The results were consistent with a model in which A238L functions within both the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
Electroluminescence from New Polynorbornenes That Contain Blue-Light-Emitting and Charge-Transport Side Chains (1997)

A blue-light-emitting electroluminescent polymer was prepared by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of a norbornene monomer that contains a diphenylanthracene chromophore as a side chain (λmax,em = 450 nm). Norbornene monomers also were synthesized that contain an oxadiazole (for electron transport) or a tertiary arylamine (for hole transport). Oligomers (25mers or 50mers) of homo- and copolymers (Mw/Mn = 1.02−1.08) were prepared in toluene in 95−98% yield, employing Mo(N-2,6-C6H3-i-Pr2)(CHMe2Ph)(O-t-Bu)2 as the initiator. Electroluminescent devices made with a single layer of substituted polynorbornene, an ITO anode, and an Al cathode were prepared first. Two-layer devices were then constructed in which the substituted polynorbornene was spin cast onto a 25-bilayer poly(phenylenevinylene) (PPV) heterostructure. The two-layer device performed best in terms of efficiency, light output, and threshold voltage.
Routability-driven technology mapping for lookup table-based FPGA's (1994)

A new algorithm for technology mapping of lookup table-based Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA's) is presented. It has the capability of producing compact designs (minimizing the number of cells (CLB's)), as well as the flexibility of trading routability with compactness of a design. Research in this area has focussed on minimizing the number of cells. However, minimizing the number of cells without regard to routability is ineffective. Since placement and routing is really the most time-consuming part of the FPGA design process, producing a routable design with a slightly larger number of cells is preferable than producing a design using fewer cells which is difficult to route, or in the worst case unroutable. We have implemented our algorithm in the Rmap program, and studied routability of two other mappers with respect to Rmap. Rmap produces mappings with better routability characteristics, and more significantly Rmap produces routable mappings when other mappers do not.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Secretor Status Is Strongly Associated with Microbial Alterations Observed during Pregnancy (2015)

During pregnancy there are significant changes in gut microbiota composition and activity. The impact of secretor status as determined by genotyping FUT2 (fucosyltransferase 2) gene was taken as one of the confounding factors associated with faecal microbiota changes during pregnancy. In this prospective study, we followed women during pregnancy (total = 123 of which secretors = 108, non-secretors = 15) and characterised their gut microbiota by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), Fluorescence In situ Hybridisation (FISH), Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) and pyrosequencing. qPCR revealed that C. coccoides group counts decreased significantly in non-secretors in comparison to secretors (p = 0.02). Similar tendency was found by FISH analysis in Clostridium histolyticum and Lactobacillus-Enterococcus groups between the secretor and the non-secretor pregnant women. DGGE analysis showed significant decrease in richness of Clostridium sp. between secretor and non-secretor mothers during pregnancy. Pyrosequencing based analysis at phyla level showed that there is greater increase in Actinobacteria in secretors in comparison to non-secretors, whereas Proteobacteria showed more increase in non-secretors. Change in relative abundance of Clostridiaceae family from first to third trimester were significantly associated with secretor status of pregnant women (p = 0.05). Polyphasic approach for microbiota analysis points out that the host secretor status (FUT2 genotype) affects the gut microbiota during pregnancy. This may lead to altered infant gut microbiota colonization.
A Case of Old Age-Onset Generalized Pustular Psoriasis with a Deficiency of IL-36RN (DITRA) Treated by Granulocyte and Monocyte Apheresis (2015)

A 78-year-old woman who had been suffering from psoriasis vulgaris for 31 years was admitted to hospital because of her erythroderma. A toxic eruption was suspected and she was treated with prednisolone 30 mg daily. However, it was ineffective and, suspecting psoriatic erythroderma, cyclosporine 150 mg daily was administered with tapering of the prednisolone. Two weeks after a dose reduction of cyclosporine to 100 mg/day, erythroderma with widespread generalized pustules and fever developed. Histology of a biopsy revealed inflammatory infiltrates in the skin with a spongiform pustule of Kogoj, which was consistent with generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP). Her pustules improved with additional etretinate 20 mg/day, but the erythroderma persisted and she consulted us. Three sessions of granulocyte and monocyte apheresis once weekly were effective for her condition and decreased her serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8. She had homozygous mutations of c.[28C>T] in IL36RN which cause p.[Arg10Ter]. She is the oldest reported case of GPP with a deficiency of interleukin-36 receptor antagonist (DITRA), although GPP in DITRA has been suggested to usually occur in younger cases with no pre-existing psoriasis vulgaris.
INJURIES AND INJURY RISK FACTORS AMONG ARMOR BATTALION SOLDIERS AT FORT RILEY, KANSAS. (2003)

PURPOSE To determine injury rates and contributing risk factors for injuries among soldiers in an armor battalion at Fort Riley, KS. METHODS We reviewed medical records for 426 active duty male soldiers. Musculoskeletal injury data were recorded for events that resulted in clinic visits for medical care occurring at Fort Riley during a 1-year period. The battalion provided Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) scores and soldier demographic data. Cox regression was used to examine time-to-first injury with age, race, rank, body mass index (BMI), and physical fitness (push-ups, sit-ups, and 2-mile run time) as covariates. Relative risk (RR) values compared time-to-first injury between different levels of the covariates and are reported with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS There were 139 injured soldiers (46 injured/100 person-years at risk) with 205 different injuries (68 injuries/100 person-years at risk) resulting in 4,747 days of limited duty (15.8 days/person-year at risk). There were 397 injury clinic visits (132 visits/100 person-years at risk). Seventy-six percent of injuries (n = 106) occurred to a lower extremity and 83% of injuries (n = 116) resulted in limited duty. Both univariate and multivariate analysis indicated high BMI (highest v. lowest quartile, RR = 1.99, CI = 1.17–3.37) and lower rank (lower enlisted status v. officers, RR = 2.28, CI = 1.05–4.95) were risk factors for injury (RR and CI for multivariate analysis). CONCLUSION For this group of soldiers, injuries accounted for approximately two weeks of limited duty per soldier per year. BMI and military rank were independently associated with an increased risk of injury.
Aircraft Design and Testing of FLEXOP Unmanned Flying Demonstrator to Test Load Alleviation and Flutter Suppression of High Aspect Ratio Flexible Wings (2019)

The idea of the EU funded FLEXOP project is to raise efficiency of a currently existing wing by derivative solution with higher aspect ratio at no excess structural weight. In order to enable such a resulting highly flexible wing the project goal is to develop methods for active suppression of flutter and passive load alleviation. The developed methods will be tested and validated with a UAV flutter demonstrator. The demonstrator is a 7m wingspan, 65kg MTOW UAV equipped with a jet engine. After ground testing, including static load and ground vibration tests the demonstrator will be flown within VLOS with three different sets of wings: One baseline rigid wing, one wing tailored for passive load alleviation and one very flexible wing to test active flutter control. The paper describes the design methods of the demonstrator and gives an overview about the planned tests on ground and in flight to validate the flutter prediction models. A special emphasis is on in flight wing shape measurement with an installed fiber brag system. © 2019 by Timothy K. Minton. Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.
Studies on the Active Components of <i>Digenea simplex</i> AG. and Related Compounds. XXXIX (1957)

It was assumed that the substitution of one of the methylene group in N-ethoxycarbonyl-N-(2-ethoxycarbonylethyl) glycine ethyl ester with an isopropyl group would effect cyclization in a reverse direction to the one reported in the preceding paper on the Dieckmann reaction. Therefore, this reaction was carried out on N-ethoxycarbonyl-N-(2-ethoxycarbonyl-3-methylbutyl) glycine ethyl ester (IV) and diethyl 3-oxo-4-isopropyl-1, 2-pyrrolidinedicarboxylate (V) was obtained as anticipated. The structure of (V) was established by the fact that the same substance is obtained by the Dieckmann reaction of ethyl 2-(N-cyanomethyl-N-ethoxycarbonyl aminomethyl)-3-methylbutyrate (VII) followed by ethanolysis. Reduction of (V) affords the hydroxy compound (IX) which can be derived to the 3-chloro compound (XII) with thionyl chloride or the acetoxy compound (X) with acetic anhydride. Reaction of (XII) and (X) with diethyl malonate, in the presence of sodium ethoxide, afforded diethyl 1, 2-diethoxycarbonyl-4-isopropyl-3-pyrrolidinemalonate (XIII).
Retinoid Content, Visual Responses, and Ocular Morphology Are Compromised in the Retinas of Mice Lacking the Retinol-Binding Protein Receptor, STRA6 (2012)

Our studies of stra6 -/- null mice established the importance of the STRA6 protein for the uptake, intracellular transport, and processing of retinol by the RPE. In its absence, rod photoreceptor outer and inner segment length was reduced, and cone cell numbers were reduced, as were scotopic and photopic responses. STRA6 also was required for dissolution of the primary vitreous. However, it was clear from these studies that STRA6 is not the only pathway for retinol uptake by the RPE.
In vitro growth of murine T cells. II. Growth of in vitro sensitized cells cytotoxic for alloantigens. (1978)

Growth factors (GM), produced by murine lymphoid cells incubated with Concanavalin A, have been used to grow cytotoxic lymphoid cells in culture. C57BL/6 and DBA/2 lymphoid cells were sensitized against each other in primary, secondary, and tertiary in vitro cultures. These sensitized cells were grown in vitro in GM and retained their cytotoxic properties. Cells grew in culture about 10-fold every 5 to 7 days for over 2 months. Initial growth of cytotoxic cells in GM resulted in marked enhancement of specific cytotoxicity that returned to original levels after subsequent subcultures. After five 10-fold cell culture generations some nonspecific cytotoxicity directed against the responding target cell strain appeared in continuous cultures. This technique for growing large numbers of cytotoxic cells may be of value in the development of adoptive immunotherapies.
A Comparative Study of Quantitative Scales to Populate Affordance Structure Matrices (2009)

The Affordance Structure Matrix (ASM) is a concept exploration and attention directing tool to enable designers to take advantage of the special properties of affordances, such as form dependence and polarity of positive and negative affordances. However, in an ASM, as in other popular matrix based tools, the entities being mapped (in the case of an ASM, affordances and components, respectively) are typically assumed to be of equal importance. In this paper we present a comparative study of various quantitative scales used to populate ASMs. By using these scales, we can capture the relative importance of different affordances, for example that cutting the user is more important to avoid than annoying the user with noise. Also, by using scales of increased granularity for populating the interior of an ASM, the relative strength of relationships between product components and individual components can be captured. For example, larger, heavier components have a stronger relationship with transportability than smaller, lighter components. The results of the comparison studies on the case study of a shaving razor show that a scale of negative ten through positive ten for populating the interior of the matrix is necessary to produce results which clearly rank all of the components in terms of helpful and harmful relationships. The results also show that the scale used for populating the interior of the matrix has a much stronger effect on the results than does the scale used for weighting the individual affordances. An electro-mechanical razor is used as the consumer product in the comparative study. Based on the results of the study, practical suggestions for redesigning the razor are also suggested.
Synthesis of 14C‐Labelled Cefclidin (E1040) (1992)

Abstract Cefclidin (E1040), a new injectable cephalosporin with potent antipseudomonal activity, was synthesized labelled with carbon‐14, starting from bromo[1‐ 14 C]acetic acid according to the method illustrated in Scheme 1, 2. [ 14 C] Cefclidin, having a specific activity of 3.43 MBq/mg (water content 15.3%, which was based on water content of non labelled compound prepared by the same procedure), was obtained in 2% overall radiochemical yield, with a radiochemical purity of more than 99.1%.