gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrical Properties of (Ba, Sr)TiO3 Films on Ru Bottom Electrodes Prepared by Electron Cyclotron Resonance Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition at Extremely Low Temperature and Rapid Thermal Annealing (1999)

(Ba, Sr)TiO 3 (BST) films were prepared on Ru bottom electrodes by electron cyclotron resonance chemical vapor deposition at extremely low temperature and rapid thermal annealing (RTA). Leakage current characteristics were improved by lowering the BST deposition temperature down to 120°C. (Ba+Sr)-rich films with a (Ba+Sr)/Ti ratio of 1.1–1.5 had lower leakage current densities than stoichiometric and Ti-rich films with a ratio of 0.8–0.9. Cross sectional transmission electron microscopy observations showed that the 120°C-deposited and 700°C-RTA-treated (Ba+Sr)-rich film had a granular structure and smooth interfaces with the electrodes. The stoichiometric and Ti-rich films had columnar structures and larger interface roughness. As a result, low leakage current density less than 10 -7 A/cm 2 at ±1 V were obtained for 30 nm-thick BST films with a (Ba+Sr)/Ti ratio of 1.1–1.5 by combination of 120°C deposition and 700°C RTA.
A conditional simulation model of intermittent rain fields (2000)

Abstract. The synthetic generation of random fields with specified probability distribution, correlation structure and probability of no-rain areas is used as the basis for the formulation of a stochastic space-time rainfall model conditional on rain gauge observations. A new procedure for conditioning while preserving intermittence is developed to provide constraints to Monte Carlo realisations of possible rainfall scenarios. The method addresses the properties of the convolution operator involved in generating random field realisations and is actually independent of the numerical algorithm used for unconditional simulation. It requires only the solution of a linear system of algebraic equations the order of which is given by the number of the conditioning nodes. Applications of the methodology are expected in rainfall field reconstruction from sparse rain gauge data and in rainfall downscaling from the large scale information that may be provided by remote sensing devices or numerical weather prediction models. Keywords: Space-time rainfall; Conditioning; Stochastic models
Buffer and Queue Protection in High-Speed Network Routers (2005)

A key threat to network applications in enterprise networks is buffer and queue exhaustion from high rate non-adaptive flows, that we call belligerent flows. There is normally more than enough bandwidth for well-behaving applications. Belligerent flows use as much bandwidth as they can grab, and they do not respond correctly to network congestion signals. If not limited, belligerent flows increase queueing delay and cause packet drops by filling network switch buffers. Once switch runs out of queue space, incoming packets are dropped, causing denial of service to other well-behaving flows. A fast response buffer and queue protection mechanism that is implementable in high speed switch hardware is needed. 
First, we describe a queue buffer management scheme, Dynamic Buffer Limiting (DBL), that is designed to protect the switch queue buffers from belligerent flows. Our results demonstrate that DBL detects and limits belligerent flows quickly while providing reasonable treatment to well-behaving flows and protecting low-rate, drop- and latency-sensitive fragile flows, without relying on trust in the network. 
Second, we show that the algorithm is implementable in high speed switch hardware at a cost competitive with alternative solutions. In this thesis, we focus on high-speed enterprise Ethernet switches. 
Finally, we discuss extensions to the basic algorithm to provide rate control (rate-DBL) and active queue selection (AQS). We demonstrate that Rate-DBL provides self-regulation of high priority and low-rate traffic, such as voice-over-IP traffic, preventing misuse of scheduling priority by a misbehaving flow. We show AQS segregates belligerent flows from well-behaving flows, providing higher goodput and lower delay to well-behaving flows. 
We implemented DBL in a commercial high-speed Ethernet switch, in the widely deployed Cisco Catalyst 4000/4500 switch. In this hardware implementation, DBL handles 102 Million packets per second.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactivities of 1,3‐Dimethyl‐2‐(α‐hydroxybenzyl) imidazolium and 1,3‐Dimethyl‐2‐(α‐hydroxybenzyl)benzimidazolium Iodides. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Optical study of polymer infiltration into porous Si based structures (2007)

This work describes the infiltration of a polymeric solution into porous Si structures towards the fabrication of tunable photonic crystals (PC) and microcavities for photonics applications. The tunability is achieved by infiltrating the porous silicon based PCs by active organic materials, such as an emissive and nonlinear polymer called 2-methoxy-5-(2- ethylhexyloxy)-p-phenylenevinylene (namely MEH-PPV). This preliminary work shows the infiltration of this polymeric solution into PC based on macroporous Si structure as well as in microcavities based on multiple layers of microporous Si. The solidification of the polymer was obtained by the evaporation of the solvent. Various techniques of infiltration were studied to obtain an optimized filling of the pores. The infiltration was then characterized using photoluminescence measurements. Finally, we will report on the study of third harmonic generation (THG) in samples of porous silicon microcavity infiltrated with MEHPPV. The k-domain THG spectroscopy was applied and an increase of the THG intensity up to an order of magnitude was achieved for the filled microcavity.
Circulating CD8 T Lymphocytes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals Have Impaired Function and Downmodulate CD3ζ, the Signaling Chain of the T-Cell Receptor Complex (1998)

Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome have a high frequency of HIV-specific CD8 T lymphocytes, freshly isolated lymphocytes frequently lack detectable HIV-specific cytotoxicity. However, this effector function becomes readily apparent after overnight culture. To investigate reasons for T-cell dysfunction, we analyzed T-cell expression of the cytolytic protease granzyme A and CD3 zeta, the signaling component of the T-cell receptor complex. An increased proportion of CD4 and CD8 T cells from HIV-infected donors contain granzyme A, consistent with the known increased frequency of activated T cells. In 28 HIV-infected donors with mild to advanced immunodeficiency, a substantial fraction of circulating T cells downmodulated CD3 zeta (fraction of T cells expressing CD3 zeta, 0.74 +/- 0.16 v 1.01 +/- 0.07 in healthy donors; P < .0000005). CD3 zeta expression is downregulated more severely in CD8 than CD4 T cells, decreases early in infection, and correlates with declining CD4 counts and disease stage. CD3 zeta expression increases over 6 to 16 hours of culture in an interleukin-2-dependent manner, coincident with restoration of viral-specific cytotoxicity. Impaired T-cell receptor signaling may help explain why HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes fail to control HIV replication.
Levels of creatine kinase and its BB isoenzyme in lung cancer specimens and cultures. (1981)

Small-cell carcinomas of the lung (SCCL) have properties of amine-handling cells, and high levels of the key amine-handling cell enzyme L-dopa decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.28) distinguish SCCL from most other lung cancers. SCCL tumor specimens and continuous cultures also are characterized by high levels of creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2) and its BB isoenzyme (CK-BB). Electrophoretic analysis of creatine kinase isoenzymes indicated that creatine kinase levels in SCCL were quantitatively but not qualitatively different from those in normal lung and other lung cancers. Supernatant fluids of SCCL cultures contained relatively modest concentrations of CK-BB but lacked detectable L-dopa decarboxylase activity. Variant SCCL cultures with altered morphology lost their amine-handling properties, including L-dopa decarboxylase activity, but retained high levels of CK-BB, indicating discordant expression of the two enzymes. CK-BB levels were measured in the sera of 67 patients having SCCL. Elevated levels were present in 16 of 41 patients (39%) having extensive-stage disease but in none of 26 patients (0%) having limited-stage disease.
Stress‐induced expression of transcriptional repressor ICER in the adrenal gland (1998)

Second messenger cyclic AMP plays a central role in signalling within the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Changes in gene expression are central to long-term adaptations made in response to stress in the adrenal gland. Here we demonstrate that expression of the cAMP inducible transcriptional repressor, ICER (Inducible cAMP Early Repressor), is rapidly and powerfully induced in response to surgical stress in the rat adrenal gland. Hypophysectomisation blocks stress-induced ICER expression. Finally we demonstrate that injection of the pituitary hormone ACTH (Adrenocorticotropin Hormone) induces robust ICER expression in the adrenal cortex. Thus, induction of the transcriptional repressor ICER is coupled to the HPA axis response to stress.
Adsorption Properties of Polyethyleneimine on Silica Surfaces in the Presence of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTAdsorption Properties of Polyethyleneimine on Silica Surfaces in the Presence of Sodium Dodecyl SulfateRóbert Mészáros, Laurie Thompson, Imre Varga, and Tibor GilányiView Author Information Unilever Research Port Sunlight, Quarry Road East, Bebington CH63 3JW, United Kingdom, and Department of Colloid Chemistry, Loránd Eötvös University, P.O. Box 32, Budapest 112, H-1518, Hungary Cite this: Langmuir 2003, 19, 23, 9977–9980Publication Date (Web):October 7, 2003Publication History Received7 July 2003Revised1 September 2003Published online7 October 2003Published inissue 1 November 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la0352218https://doi.org/10.1021/la0352218brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views724Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Layers,Polyethylenimine,Silica,Sodium dodecyl sulfate,Surfactants Get e-Alerts
Stereochemistry of RNA Cleavage by the Tetrahymena Ribozyme and Evidence that the Chemical Step Is Not Rate-Limiting (1989)

The intervening sequence of the ribosomal RNA precursor of Tetrahymena is a catalytic RNA molecule, or ribozyme. Acting as a sequence-specific endoribonuclease, it cleaves single-stranded RNA substrates with concomitant addition of guanosine. The chemistry of the reaction has now been studied by introduction of a single phosphorothioate in the substrate RNA at the cleavage site. Kinetic studies show no significant effect of this substitution on kcat (rate constant) or Km (Michaelis constant), providing evidence that some step other than the chemical step is rate-limiting. Product analysis reveals that the reaction proceeds with inversion of configuration at phosphorus, consistent with an in-line, SN2 (P) mechanism. Thus, the ribozyme reaction is in the same mechanistic category as the individual displacement reactions catalyzed by protein nucleotidyltransferases, phosphotransferases, and nucleases.
Nonlinear ultrasonics for material state awareness (2014)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation L. J. Jacobs; Nonlinear ultrasonics for material state awareness. AIP Conf. Proc. 18 February 2014; 1581 (1): 13–20. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4864797 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Eine poröse Kathodenzelle für die Laugenreinigung (1973)

Abstract Es wird eine elektrolytische Zelle beschrieben, welche mit einer porösen Kathode kleine Mengen von Metallionen aus wäßrigen Lösungen weitgehend entfernt. Die Zelle besteht aus einer hohlen, porösen Kohlenstoff‐Kathode, in der sich eine stabförmige Anode aus Nickel oder Elektrographit befindet. Die zu reinigende Lösung wird durch die Kathode in den Innenraum gepumpt, wobei die Metallionen reduziert und abgeschieden werden. Die Anwendung beschränkt sich nicht auf die Reinigung von Alkalilaugen aus Elektrolysezellen mit Diaphragma und auf die Wiedergewinnung von Quecksilber aus Laugen, Solen und sonstigen wäßrigen Lösungen. Laboruntersuchungen haben ergeben, daß sich zahlreiche andere Elektrolyt‐Systeme mit Hilfe dieser Methode reinigen lassen. Dieses Verfahren dürfte in Zukunft wegen der steigenden Reinheitsanforderungen und aus Gründen des Umweltschutzes an Bedeutung gewinnen.
Bioengineering virus‐like particles as vaccines (2013)

Virus-like particle (VLP) technology seeks to harness the optimally tuned immunostimulatory properties of natural viruses while omitting the infectious trait. VLPs that assemble from a single protein have been shown to be safe and highly efficacious in humans, and highly profitable. VLPs emerging from basic research possess varying levels of complexity and comprise single or multiple proteins, with or without a lipid membrane. Complex VLP assembly is traditionally orchestrated within cells using black-box approaches, which are appropriate when knowledge and control over assembly are limited. Recovery challenges including those of adherent and intracellular contaminants must then be addressed. Recent commercial VLPs variously incorporate steps that include VLP in vitro assembly to address these problems robustly, but at the expense of process complexity. Increasing research activity and translation opportunity necessitate bioengineering advances and new bioprocessing modalities for efficient and cost-effective production of VLPs. Emerging approaches are necessarily multi-scale and multi-disciplinary, encompassing diverse fields from computational design of molecules to new macro-scale purification materials. In this review, we highlight historical and emerging VLP vaccine approaches. We overview approaches that seek to specifically engineer a desirable immune response through modular VLP design, and those that seek to improve bioprocess efficiency through inhibition of intracellular assembly to allow optimal use of existing purification technologies prior to cell-free VLP assembly. Greater understanding of VLP assembly and increased interdisciplinary activity will see enormous progress in VLP technology over the coming decade, driven by clear translational opportunity.
Supplementary Table 14 from Disruption of the MYC Superenhancer Complex by Dual Targeting of FLT3 and LSD1 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Regulon Enrichment Analysis of Primary AML Blast Bulk RNA-seq from 681 Patient Samples&lt;/p&gt;
Overexpression of the A 1 adenosine receptor in adipose tissue protects mice from obesity‐related insulin resistance (2001)

In-vitro studies have implicated the A(1) adenosine receptor (A(1)AR) of adipocytes in inhibition of lipolysis, stimulation of lipogenesis and enhancement of the action of insulin on glucose metabolism. To determine whether any of these activities were physiologically relevant in an intact animal, A(1)AR was overexpressed in adipose tissue of transgenic mice. Lower plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels were observed in the transgenic mice relative to the litter-matched controls, supporting a significant physiological role for adipocyte A(1)AR in the control of lipolysis. However, no differences were observed in body weights or body composition. On a high fat diet, both the transgenic mice and the litter matched controls, male and female, became equally obese. Unlike the control mice, however, the transgenic mice did not develop insulin resistance, as demonstrated by serum glucose and insulin levels and glucose and insulin tolerance tests. These findings demonstrate that adipocyte A(1)AR plays an important physiological role in the control of insulin sensitivity in an intact animal and therefore should be considered to be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity-related insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
Field Experiments on Open-Loop Precoding MIMO Using Testbed Targeted at IMT-Advanced System (2009)

This paper presents field experiments on open-loop precoding multiple input multiple output (MIMO) using a testbed targeting International Mobile Telecommunication - Advanced (IMT-Advanced) systems. Open-loop MIMO is realized by applying Rotational OFDM (R-OFDM) to MIMO transmission. MIMO R-OFDM is more robust with respect to correlated channels than conventional open-loop MIMO-OFDM as was shown by the authors in a previous study. MIMO R-OFDM is implemented in a testbed targeting IMT-Advanced systems and is evaluated in a mobile environment. The antenna spacings are changed, i.e. the correlation coefficients between two antennas are changed, then the validity of MIMO R-OFDM is evaluated. The results of the field experiment reveal that MIMO R-OFDM is effective when the transmitter antenna spacings are decreased. The maximum cumulative distribution function (CDF) gain of MIMO R-OFDM with respect to conventional MIMO-OFDM is 6 % when the antenna spacing of the transmitter is same as the wave length of the carrier. In addition, it was also found that the rotational angle should be determined based not only on modulation order and coding rate, but also on the correlation coefficients between transmitter and receiver antennas.
Enhancing user-productivity and capability through integration of distinct software in epidemiological systems (2012)

Public health policy decision makers need analytical and interactive features in epidemic simulation systems, along with the ability to simulate disease propagation over large scale populations, ranging over millions of individuals. To fulfill these requirements, we decided to re-engineer existing epidemiological software systems and integrate them together such that the performance of the overall system was minimally affected. The systems that were part of the integration effort included EpiFast, an HPC-based simulation engine, that simulates disease diffusion over multiple regions; ISIS, a web-based visual interface tool, used for analyzing the role of different parameters in disease propagation; and a database management system, storing and operating on the demographic and geographic information about different city populations. We analyzed the feasibility of existing middleware platforms to support the integration and developed a new architecture that achieves seamless and efficient integration of component systems. The integrated software system provides a combination of capability along with usability and flexibility, required by public health policy decision makers to study epidemics holistically. It also allows reuse of complex intervention strategies defined by multiple users through the web-based interface and reduces the overall time to set-up experiments and manage data. In this paper, we describe the flexible architecture that made the integration of these distinct software components possible and report on the case studies that show considerable improvement in productivity of decision makers and epidemiologists using the new integrated tool.
A Gaussian Process Surrogate Model Assisted Evolutionary Algorithm for Medium Scale Expensive Optimization Problems (2013)

Surrogate model assisted evolutionary algorithms (SAEAs) have recently attracted much attention due to the growing need for computationally expensive optimization in many real-world applications. Most current SAEAs, however, focus on small-scale problems. SAEAs for medium-scale problems (i.e., 20-50 decision variables) have not yet been well studied. In this paper, a Gaussian process surrogate model assisted evolutionary algorithm for medium-scale computationally expensive optimization problems (GPEME) is proposed and investigated. Its major components are a surrogate model-aware search mechanism for expensive optimization problems when a high-quality surrogate model is difficult to build and dimension reduction techniques for tackling the “curse of dimensionality.” A new framework is developed and used in GPEME, which carefully coordinates the surrogate modeling and the evolutionary search, so that the search can focus on a small promising area and is supported by the constructed surrogate model. Sammon mapping is introduced to transform the decision variables from tens of dimensions to a few dimensions, in order to take advantage of Gaussian process surrogate modeling in a low-dimensional space. Empirical studies on benchmark problems with 20, 30, and 50 variables and a real-world power amplifier design automation problem with 17 variables show the high efficiency and effectiveness of GPEME. Compared to three state-of-the-art SAEAs, better or similar solutions can be obtained with 12% to 50% exact function evaluations.
An interpretation of the evolution with temperature of the ν2+ν3 combination band in water (1978)

The near infrared absorption spectra of water around 5000 cm−1 have been obtained at different temperatures, in the range of −50°C to 50°C. The complex band has been resolved into three component bands centered at 5200, 5080 and 4920 cm−1, and having half-widths of 140, 200, and 340 cm−1, respectively. These bands have been associated with the existence of three species of water molecules with hydrogen bond energies distributed around three maxima. From the study of the evolution of the intensities of these component bands with temperature we have determined the energy ΔH° involved in the transition of molecules from one to another of the three energy states, both in liquid water and ice. Any of these values can be taken as a thermodynamic parameter characteristic of water and its variation constitutes a criterium for ascertaining changes in the physical state of water, e.g., changes induced by the proximity of solid surfaces.