gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tunable Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels to Alter and Understand Left Ventricular Remodeling (2012)

Heart disease causes about 15% of deaths in the United States; about two thirds of these cases are due to coronary artery disease [1]. Post myocardial infarction (MI), left ventricular (LV) remodeling ensues and leads to geometric changes that result in dilation and thinning of the myocardial wall. This increases stress in the infarct and healthy tissue and ultimately results in heart failure. Injectable bulking agents have recently emerged as a promising therapy to address these maladaptive changes. As suggested by the Law of Laplace, thickening of the myocardium should decrease stress on the heart and potentially attenuate the negative effects of LV remodeling [2].
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt‐Catalyzed Addition of Arylzinc Reagents to Alkynes to Form ortho‐Alkenylarylzinc Species Through 1,4‐Cobalt Migration. (2013)

Abstract For the first time 1,4 Co‐migration in C—C bond formation reactions and C—H bond functionalization using a Co‐catalyst is presented.
Phytochemical investigations and antiproliferative secondary metabolites from Thymus alternans growing in Slovakia (2017)

The reported results suggest that T. alternans can be considered as a good source of phytoconstituents with possible importance in the pharmaceutical field.
Fundus autofluorescence and development of geographic atrophy in age-related macular degeneration. (2001)

These preliminary findings suggest that areas of increased autofluorescence precede the development and enlargement of outer retinal atrophy in eyes with ARMD. Because the dominant fluorophores of fundus autofluorescence are part of lipofuscin granules of RPE cells, the observations indicate that excessive RPE lipofuscin accumulation may be of significance in the pathogenesis of GA associated with ARMD. With GA being a major cause for severe visual loss in ARMD, in vivo fundus autofluorescence recording over time may allow identification of prognostic determinants and may give important clues to the understanding of mechanisms of disease.
Stable Phosphonium Sila-ylide with Reactivity as a Sila-Wittig Reagent (2009)

The silicon congeners of well-known phosphonium ylides have been considered only as short-lived reactive intermediates. We successfully synthesized a remarkably stable phosphonium sila-ylide. Its X-ray structure reveals a long Si-P bond and a strongly pyramidalized silicon center, indicating a very weak P-Si pi interaction. In addition, it exhibits an alpha,beta-ambiphilic character with a nucleophilic silicon center, similar to its carbon-congener phosphonium ylides. This property of the phosphonium sila-ylide allows its use as a sila-Wittig reagent with carbonyl derivatives.
Peres experiment using photons: No test for hypercomplex (quaternionic) quantum theories (2017)

Assuming the standard axioms for quaternionic quantum theory and a spatially localized scattering interaction, the $S$ matrix in quaternionic quantum theory is complex valued, not quaternionic. Using the standard connections between the $S$ matrix, the forward scattering amplitude for electromagnetic wave scattering, and the index of refraction, we show that the index of refraction is necessarily complex, not quaternionic. This implies that the recent optical experiment of Procopio et al. [Nat. Commun. 8, 15044 (2017)] based on the Peres proposal does not test for hypercomplex or quaternionic quantum effects arising within the standard Hilbert space framework. Such a test requires looking at near zone fields, not radiation zone fields.
Decoding OvTDM with sphere-decoding algorithm (2008)

重叠时间部门 multiplexing (OvTDM ) 是有高光谱效率和低阀值 signal-to-noise 比率(SNR ) 的传播计划的一种新类型。在这篇文章， OvTDM 的结构被介绍，复杂领域的译码范围的算法为 OvTDM 被建议。模拟证明建议算法能完成作为与传统的最大的可能性的顺序解调(MLSD ) 或 viterbi 算法(VA ) 相比与更低的复杂性译码的最大的可能性的(ML ) 。
Case report of oligodontia: long term stability of orthognatic surgery and prosthetic rehabilitation. (2011)

Oligodontia may compromise the harmonious development of the masticatory system. The quantity and quality of agenesis determines the type of approach and the complexity of rehabilitative therapy. We present a case of a patient affected by oligodontia and maxillo-mandibular skeletal alterations, corrected by orthodontic and orthognatic surgical treatment, assisted by prosthetic-presurgical rehabilitation of the lower arch. After surgery the occlusion was finally restored by a definitive prosthesis modeled on the presurgical one and supported by the same residual dental elements. Photographic and cephalometric analysis have shown the stability of the results at 20 years follow-up. The case presented shows that the final prosthesis on the residual teeth in patients affected by oligodontia may represent a possible alternative to implanto-prosthetic rehabilitation, presenting lower cost and requiring less time for definitive occlusal rehabilitation.
Metallkomplexe mit anionischen Liganden von Elementen der 4. Hauptgruppe. VIII. Pentacarbonyl‐trihalogenstannido‐metallat(O)‐Komplexe von chrom, molybdän und wolfram mit fluor‐ und jodhaltigen stannidliganden (1975)

Abstract In Methylenchlorid setzt sich [As(C 6 H 5 ) 4 ][SnF 3 ] glatt mit den Metallhexacarbonylen zu den Arsoniumsalzen der Pentacarbonyl‐trifluorstannido‐metallat(O)‐Komplexe [M(CO) 5 SnF 3 ] − (M  Cr, Mo, W) um. Mit [N(C 2 H 5 ) 4 ][SnJ 3 ] konnte in THF‐Lösung nur über das Zwischenprodukt Cr(CO) 5 THF ein Trijodstannidochromat(O)‐Komplex [N(C 2 H 5 ) 5 ][Cr(CO) 5 SnJ 3 ] rein erhalten werden. Durch SnF 2 ‐bzw. SnJ 2 ‐Insertionsreaktionen an den [M(CO) 5 Cl] − ‐Komplexen erhält man die Trihalogenstannidometallat(O)‐Komplexe [M(CO) 5 SnClX 2 ] − (X  F: M  Cr, Mo, W; X  J: M  Cr). Anhand der IR‐Spektren wird das Bindungsverhalten halogenhaltiger Stannid‐Ionen diskutiert.
Novel PSMA-Targeting Radionuclide Peptidomimetics for Treating Prostate Cancer (2022)

Prostate cancer is the third-most commonly diagnosed cancer and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in men worldwide. Although an armamentarium of approved drugs exists, treatment options become severely limited when resistance develops against last-line taxane chemotherapeutics. In March 2022, the FDA approved a first-in-class targeted radionuclide therapy, lutetium Lu 177 vipivotide tetraxetan (Pluvicto), for treating metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The drug constitutes a prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeting peptidomimetic moiety conjugated to a radionuclide chelator <i>via</i> a linker. This Patent Highlight reveals the structure-activity relationship of key compounds against prostate cancer cells.
Reliable multicast over the mobile packet radio channel (2002)

Point-to-multipoint (multicast) packet radio data transmission protocols over the erroneous vehicular communication environment are studied. In order to improve the reliability of the transmission, the ARQ (automatic repeat request) scheme is introduced onto the multicast packet data transmission, and several retransmission methods are compared. In the usual point-to-point ARQ schemes, response from the listener is either ACK or NAK. Thus, the listener responds with a reply frame regardless of whether the I-frame from the talker was received successfully. but in some cases, one of the ACK and the NAK responses is not necessary because the other has the opposite meaning. The approach is based on this point of view. The NAK is chosen for the response to the I-frame, so that if the I-frame is received successfully, then the listener issues no response to it. The method is called NAK only ARQ. The NAK only ARQ scheme has superior throughput characteristics in spite of its simplicity. Simulated performance comparisons are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Measurement of Peak C-Peptide at Diagnosis Informs Glycemic Control but not Hypoglycemia in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes (2021)

C-peptide is associated with time spent in the normal glucose range and with less hyperglycemia, but not risk of hypoglycemia in newly diagnosed people with T1D.
Nuchal translucency and cystic hygroma colli in screening for fetal major congenital heart defects in a series of 12 910 euploid pregnancies (2009)

NT measurement during the first trimester is potentially useful for screening for fetal major CHD. Screening performance is consistent whether NT values are expressed as MoMs, percentiles or absolute values. The incidence of major CHD seems to be higher in cases of cystic hygroma colli.
Selectively Fortifying Reconfigurable Computing Device to Achieve Higher Error Resilience (2012)

With the advent of 10 nm CMOS devices and “exotic” nanodevices, the location and occurrence time of hardware defects and design faults become increasingly unpredictable, therefore posing severe challenges to existing techniques for error‐resilient computing because most of them statically assign hardware redundancy and do not account for the error tolerance inherently existing in many mission‐critical applications. This work proposes a novel approach to selectively fortifying a target reconfigurable computing device in order to achieve hardware‐efficient error resilience for a specific target application. We intend to demonstrate that such error resilience can be significantly improved with effective hardware support. The major contributions of this work include (1) the development of a complete methodology to perform sensitivity and criticality analysis of hardware redundancy, (2) a novel problem formulation and an efficient heuristic methodology to selectively allocate hardware redundancy among a target design’s key components in order to maximize its overall error resilience, and (3) an academic prototype of SFC computing device that illustrates a 4 times improvement of error resilience for a H.264 encoder implemented with an FPGA device.
Quenching and Enhancement of Fluorescence from Bound Excitons by Far-Infrared Radiation (1973)

We report some effects of photodissociation of excitons bound to impurities in GaP by far-infrared radiation. Photodissociation is typically seen as a quenching of the exciton fluorescence. The quenching depends upon the infrared wavelength and the binding energy of the exciton. Under certain circumstances an increase in the absolute intensity of fluorescence of the exciton bound to N in GaP has been observed. Evidence is presented which indicates that excitons are being liberated from a more deeply binding impurity and are being trapped at nitrogen sites. An attempt to observe phonon breakdown is discussed.
Feasibility study of TAS-118 plus oxaliplatin as perioperative chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (APOLLO-11). (2021)

205 Background:TAS-118 (S-1 and leucovorin) + oxaliplatin (L-OHP) improved overall survival (OS) compared to S-1 + cisplatin for patients (pts) with advanced gastric cancer (GC) (Kang, Lancet Oncol. 2020). This study investigated the feasibility of peri (pre and post)-operative (op) chemotherapy (chemo) with TAS-118 ± L-OHP in pts with locally advanced resectable GC. While it was reported that pre-op TAS-118 + L-OHP followed by D2 gastrectomy was well tolerated and showed promising efficay (Takahari, ASCO-GI. 2020), the recommended post-op chemo regimen, TAS-118 or TAS-118 + L-OHP, has yet to be determined. Methods:Eligible pts with GC of clinical T3-4N1-3M0 were enrolled. The protocol treatment consisted of pre-op chemo with 4 courses of TAS-118 (40-60 mg/body, orally, twice daily, 7 days) + L-OHP (85 mg/m 2 , intravenously, day 1) in a 2-week cycle, and gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy, followed by post-op chemo with 12 courses of TAS-118 (step 1) and 8 courses of TAS-118 + L-OHP (step 2). Step 2 was started if the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) occurred in &lt; 6 of 10 pts in step 1. Up to 20 pts were included in the analysis of feasibility after a recommended regimen was determined. Results:Between December 2016 and February 2019, 45 pts were enrolled. The numbers of pts with cT3/4a and cN1/2/3 were 13/32 and 25/17/3, respectively. Excluding 14 pts (4 achieving pathological complete response, 4 not satisfying the criteria for post-op chemo, 3 physician judgement or pt withdrawal, 2 progressive disease, 1 adverse event [AE]), 31 pts (11/20 in step 1/2) received the post-op chemo. No DLT was observed in either step. The post-op chemo completion rate was 90.9% (95% CI, 63.6-99.5) in step 1 and 80.0% (95% CI, 59.9-92.9) in step 2. The median relative dose intensity of TAS-118 in step 1 was 83.3%, and those of TAS-118 and L-OHP in step 2 were 69.9% and 74.3%, respectively. One pt in step 2 discontinued post-op chemo due to AE. Grade ³ 3 AEs observed in ≥ 10% of pts were weight loss in both step 1 and step 2 (2 in each), and hypokalemia (n = 3) and neutropenia (n = 2) in step 2. At 1-year follow-up after the last pt was enrolled, recurrence-free survival and OS rates were 91.1% (95% CI, 78.0-96.6) and 100%, respectively at 12 months, and 69.1% (95% CI, 49.6-82.3) and 95.5% (95% CI, 71.9-99.3), respectively at 24 months. Conclusions:Taken together with the feasibility and efficacy of pre-op chemo, peri-op chemo with TAS-118 + L-OHP with D2 gastrectomy was well tolerated and showed promising efficacy. Clinical trial information: UMIN000024688.
Distributed data mining in credit card fraud detection (1999)

Credit card transactions continue to grow in number, taking an ever-larger share of the US payment system and leading to a higher rate of stolen account numbers and subsequent losses by banks. Improved fraud detection thus has become essential to maintain the viability of the US payment system. Banks have used early fraud warning systems for some years. Large scale data-mining techniques can improve the state of the art in commercial practice. Scalable techniques to analyze massive amounts of transaction data that efficiently compute fraud detectors in a timely manner is an important problem, especially for e-commerce. Besides scalability and efficiency, the fraud-detection task exhibits technical problems that include skewed distributions of training data and nonuniform cost per error, both of which have not been widely studied in the knowledge-discovery and data mining community. In this article, we survey and evaluate a number of techniques that address these three main issues concurrently. Our proposed methods of combining multiple learned fraud detectors under a "cost model" are general and demonstrably useful; our empirical results demonstrate that we can significantly reduce loss due to fraud through distributed data mining of fraud models.
Analytical characterization of the soft handover gain in UMTS (2002)

We present an analytical model for computing the interference distribution in a third generation UMTS network. Our main focus lies on quantifying the interference reduction due to the combination of the power control signals from multiple base stations when the mobile stations are in soft handover. Our model also includes upper bounds of the mobile's transmission power, i.e. outage is considered. These effects influence the coverage areas and, therefore, play an important role in the planning of UMTS networks.
Factoring with qutrits: Shor's algorithm on ternary and metaplectic quantum architectures (2017)

We determine the cost of performing Shor's algorithm for integer factorization on a ternary quantum computer, using two natural models of universal fault-tolerant computing: (i) a model based on magic state distillation that assumes the availability of the ternary Clifford gates, projective measurements, classical control as its natural instrumentation set; (ii) a model based on a metaplectic topological quantum computer (MTQC). A natural choice to implement Shor's algorithm on a ternary quantum computer is to translate the entire arithmetic into a ternary form. However, it is also possible to emulate the standard binary version of the algorithm by encoding each qubit in a three-level system. We compare the two approaches and analyze the complexity of implementing Shor's period-finding function in the two models. We also highlight the fact that the cost of achieving universality through magic states in MTQC architecture is asymptotically lower than in generic ternary case.
Mixed systems of fluorinated and hydrogenated nonionic surfactants: The air/water adsorbed film and micelles (2007)

In mixing nonionic fluorinated and hydrogenated surfactants and depending on the dissymetry in their EO chain length, one or several types of mixed aggregated structures can be obtained. The compositions of the air/water adsorbed film and of the micelles are compared as a function of the composition of the monomers in the bulk, showing very different competing adsorbability for each of the components, depending on the EO chain length. At constant hydrophobic (fluorinated and hydrogenated) tails, the mixing in the aggregates may be almost ideal or noticeably nonideal, the mutual phobicity being markedly enhanced by the dissymetry in the hydrophilic chains. The mixing in the adsorbed film is practically always ideal.
Identification of sequences in human transferrin that bind to the bacterial receptor protein, transferrin‐binding protein B (1999)

Alignment of amino-acid sequences from the N-terminal and C-terminal halves of transferrin-binding protein B revealed an underlying bilobed nature with several regions of identity. Based on this analysis, purified recombinant fusion proteins of maltose-binding protein (Mbp) with intact TbpB, its N-terminal half or C-terminal half from the human pathogens Neisseria meningitidis and Moraxella catarrhalis were produced. Solid-phase binding assays and affinity isolation assays demonstrated that the N-terminal and C-terminal halves of TbpB could bind independently to human transferrin (hTf). A solid-phase overlapping synthetic peptide library representing the amino-acid sequence of hTf was probed with soluble, labelled Mbp-TbpB fusions to localize TbpB-binding regions on hTf. An essentially identical series of peptides from domains within both lobes of hTf was recognized by intact TbpB from both organisms, demonstrating a conserved TbpB-hTf interaction. Both halves of TbpB from N. meningitidis bound the same series of peptides, which included peptides from equivalent regions on the two hTf lobes, indicating that TbpB interacts with each lobe of hTf in a similar manner. Mapping of the peptide-binding regions on a molecular model of hTf revealed a series of nearly adjacent surface regions that nearly encircled each lobe. Binding studies with chimeric hTf/bTf transferrins demonstrated that regions in the C-lobe of hTf were preferentially recognized by the N-terminal half of TbpB. Collectively, these results provide evidence that TbpB consists of two lobes, each with distinct yet homologous Tf-binding regions.
Emotional response to movement to product interaction (2013)

The nucleotide sequence of a cDNA that encodes a new regulatory subunit, named p40, of the 26S proteasome of human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells has been determined. The polypeptide predicted from the open reading frame consists of 324 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 37020 and isoelectric point of 6.03. A KEKE motif, consisting of a very hydrophilic domain rich in 'alternating' lysine (positive) and glutamate (negative) residues, is present in the C-terminus of p40. The overall structure of p40 is homologous to that of the mouse Mov-34 gene product, whose gene disruption by proviral integration results in a recessive embryonic lethality. Thus the p40/Mov-34 protein is a novel essential regulatory subunit of the human 26S proteasome.
Apolipoprotein A-I(Milano): current perspectives. (2003)

Purpose of review: Strategies to increase HDL are among the major targets of clinical research in atherosclerosis prevention. The mutant apolipoprotein A-I(Milano) has been associated with a reduced incidence of coronary disease in carriers. Furthermore, recombinant apolipoprotein A-I(Milano) has displayed remarkable atheroprotective activities and the possibility of directly reducing the burden of atherosclerosis in experimental models. This review is aimed at providing an update on the experimental studies in which apolipoprotein A-I(Milano), produced as a recombinant protein, has displayed important effects in the treatment of vascular diseases. 

Recent findings: In the past year, two reports have appeared, indicating that a single-dose administration of recombinant apolipoprotein A-I(Milano) dimers formulated into liposomes can reduce atheromas in models such as the apolipoprotein E-deficient mice and a rabbit model of carotid focal lesion, in which a direct 90 min infusion of the product reduced atheroma up to 30%. This finding was associated with an increase in HDL free cholesterol and the permanence of the recombinant product in the lesion for over 72 h. 

Summary: Recombinant apolipoprotein A-I(Milano), formulated as synthetic HDL with phospholipids, appears to exert a direct removing effect on arterial cholesterol. This is well evident in experimental animals and, more recently in clinical findings, as indicated by a dramatic increase in HDL free cholesterol after the infusion of different doses of the agent. As the product appears to be well tolerated and non-immunogenic, ongoing phase II studies in patients are being awaited with interest to obtain a 'proof of principle' for 'HDL therapy'.
Planar Amperometric Glucose Sensor Based on Glucose Oxidase Immobilized by Chitosan Film on Prussian Blue Layer (2002)

A planar amperometric glucose microsensor based on glucose oxidase immobilized by chitosan film on Prussian Blue layer has been developed. The experimental results show that the optimum detection potential is 50 mV (versus Ag/AgCl) and the optimum pH is 6.5. Under the selective conditions the sensor exhibits excellent sensitivity of 98 nA/M and a linear range of 0.1-6.0 mM. The apparent Michanelis-Menten constant of the sensor is 21 mM. The response time is less than 60 seconds. No apparent change in the response to glucose was observed during one month. Foremost, the interference of ascorbic and uric acids can be avoided due to selective permeability of chitosan film and electrocatalysis of PB layer to H2O2. The sensor has been applied to detect glucose in human blood serum.
Additive manufacturing of ceramics: A review (2014)

Additive manufacturing (AM) of ceramics is coming to an era where the first industrial applications are becoming economically profitable. This review paper provides a survey of AM methods reported in literature to shape ceramic components. It demonstrates that AM produced ceramic parts that have no cracks or large pores, have mechanical properties close to conventionally produced ceramics. Crack- and pore-free ceramics can be manufactured by optimizing the AM process parameters or performing extra densification steps after the AM process. It is also advisable to incorporate colloidal processing techniques in the AM process. At last, the paper demonstrates that, especially for AM of ceramics, the multi-step indirect AM processes are more appropriate to shape different types of ceramics, while to single-step direct AM processes can produce ceramic parts more rapidly.