gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pressure- and Temperature-Sensitive Paint Measurements in Shock Tunnel (2003)

Pressure- and temperature-sensitive paint measurements can make possible the measurement of global surface pressure and temperature distributions on a body at a time, which are different from conventional sensors' point measurements. Shock tunnels have been widely used to make hypersonic flows at low cost and to examine the flow field around high-speed vehicles. However, they have a limitation of duration. The present study applies pressure-and temperature-sensitive paints to investigate an interaction flow field due to two bodies, i.e., a hemisphere-cylinder and a delta wing, in a hypersonic flow with M(sub infinity) = 8.1. As a result, the present methods were found to be useful and effective to analyze the hypersonic flow field.
Gradient Descent Learns Linear Dynamical Systems (2018)

We prove that stochastic gradient descent efficiently converges to the global optimizer of the maximum likelihood objective of an unknown linear time-invariant dynamical system from a sequence of noisy observations generated by the system. Even though the objective function is non-convex, we provide polynomial running time and sample complexity bounds under strong but natural assumptions. Linear systems identification has been studied for many decades, yet, to the best of our knowledge, these are the first polynomial guarantees for the problem we consider.
The Epigenome and In-Utero Environmental Exposures (2018)

The epigenome is defined as the network of chemical marks that regulate the function of the genome. The epigenome receives the signals from the genome and from the environment to produce a homeostatic response, and therefore it is dynamic and tissue specific. DNA methylation is the epigenetic mark most extensively studied in epidemiological designs. Environmental insults can leave a fingerprint on DNA methylation, particularly those that occur prenatally, which might persist and be connected to disease later in life.We will highlight recent findings from the Pregnancy and Childhood Epigenetics (PACE) consortium and the HELIX (Human Early Life Exposome) project on maternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy and other environmental factors to illustrate the link between in-utero environmental exposures, DNA methylation and disease. Maternal smoking during pregnancy has been associated with differential methylation at thousands of CpGs in cord blood, with some of them persisting into childhood, and this signature was successfully used to develop a biomarker of exposure. Interpreting the results from epigenetic epidemiology studies can be complicated due to the tissue specificity of epigenetic responses, and the complex relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression. For instance, we observed that maternal smoking sensitive CpGs in cord blood and placenta are markedly different, likely related to the unique ways through which these two tissues process and respond to toxic exposures.The challenges of the epigenomics in environmental health research for the next years will be discussed, including: sample size and collaboration in consortia, resolution of current DNA methylation arrays, assessment of other epigenetic marks, access to the target tissue, controlling for cellular heterogeneity, analysis of longitudinal data, and integration of different molecular layers to interpret findings.
M12 protein from Streptococcus pyogenes is a receptor for immunoglobulin G3 and human albumin (1994)

We previously showed that M12 protein from opacity factor-negative Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococci) CS24 is responsible for immunoglobulin G3 (IgG3) binding activity. Here, we report that this M protein binds human serum albumin (HSA). Deletion analysis showed that the C repeats are sufficient for binding HSA, although upstream regions may be required for optimal binding. Like protein G, IgG3 and HSA bind to independent domains in the M protein. Experiments showed that bound IgG3 did not inhibit HSA binding to the M protein. The interaction between M12 protein and HSA is specific. M12 protein does not bind chicken egg and bovine serum albumins. Alignments of C1 and C2 repeats of M12 protein to sequences at the carboxy termini of other M proteins and Ig receptors revealed highly homologous sequences in the FcRV, M5, M6, ML2.1, and M57 proteins, suggesting that all could bind HSA. As predicted from the alignment, M5 protein and M6+ streptococci bound HSA, whereas an isogenic M6- mutant did not bind HSA. Furthermore, M2 protein from an opacity factor-positive strain also bound HSA.
The Mental Stress Ischemia Prognosis Study: Objectives, Study Design, and Prevalence of Inducible Ischemia (2016)

The MIPS data will provide useful information to assess the prognostic significance and underlying mechanisms of MSIMI.
Orientation in Virtual Reality Does Not Fully Measure Up to the Real-World (2017)

Adult participants learned to reorient to a specific corner inside either a real or virtual rectangular room containing a distinct featural object in each corner. Participants in the virtual-reality (VR) condition experienced an immersive virtual version of the physical room using a head-mounted display (HMD) and customized manual wheelchair to provide self-movement. Following a disorientation procedure, people could reorient by using either the geometry of the room and/or the distinct features in the corners. Test trials in which the different spatial cues were manipulated revealed participants encoded features and geometry in both the real and VR rooms. However, participants in the VR room showed less facility with using geometry. Our results suggest caution must be taken when interpreting the nuances of spatial cue use in virtual environments. Reduced reliability of geometric cues in VR environments may result in greater reliance on feature cues than would normally be expected under similar real-world conditions.
Application of digital polarity correlators in a sonar ranging system (2008)

Abstract In robotics applications, ultrasonic transducers are frequently used as rangefinders, due to their low cost and small size. The pulse compression techniques were adopted to locate multiple objects at the same time and to eliminate frequent misreadings caused by crosstalk or external ultrasound sources. However, a few problems become apparent when implementing the pulse compression techniques. First, each transducer must be equipped with a processing system for the implementation of correlation functions. This may significantly increase the complexity of the total system, cutting down one of the advantages of ultrasonic systems. Second, the majority of transducers for use in air are based on piezoelectric design, which is usually used over a narrow bandwidth. Among digital correlators, significant reductions of the processing cost can be achieved with a polarity correlator. However, this polarity correlation adds quantization noise to the signals and leads to a degradation of the output signal‐to‐noise ratio. This paper presents an analysis of the polarity correlator applied to a sonar ranging system, consisting of piezoelectric transducers and a chirp filter. A numerical evaluation of the output signal shows that the signal‐to‐noise ratio degrades only a small amount comparable with that obtained by direct digital correlators. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 91(4): 20– 26, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10077
EPR Imaging of the Rat Heart (1998)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Why Image Free Radicals in the Heart? Instrumentation Three-Dimensional Spectral-Spatial EPR Imaging Four-Dimensional Spectral-Spatial EPR Imaging Three-Dimensional Spatial Imaging Gated EPR Imaging of the Beating Heart Imaging of Nitric Oxide in the Heart Conclusions
New‐Onset Heart Failure After Permanent Right Ventricular Apical Pacing in Patients with Acquired High‐Grade Atrioventricular Block and Normal Left Ventricular Function (2007)

Introduction: Emerging data have suggested that right ventricular (RV) apical pacing results in progressive left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and contributes to the development of heart failure (HF). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical predictors for the development of new‐onset HF after long‐term RV apical pacing in patients with acquired atrioventricular (AV) block who require permanent pacing. Methods: We studied the clinical outcomes after long‐term RV apical pacing for acquired AV block in 304 patients without a prior history of HF. All patients had &gt;90% ventricular pacing as determined by device diagnostic data. Results: After a median follow‐up of 7.8 years, 79 patients (26.0%) developed new‐onset HF after RV apical pacing. Univariate Cox‐regression analysis revealed that older age at the time of pacemaker implantation (P &lt; 0.001), the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD) (P &lt; 0.001) or atrial fibrillation (P = 0.03), VVI pacemaker (P &lt; 0.001), wider paced QRS duration (P &lt; 0.001), and new‐onset myocardial infarction (P &lt; 0.001) were predictors for HF. Multivariate analysis revealed that older age at implantation (Hazard ratio [HR] 1.06, 95% confidential interval [CI] 1.04–1.09, P &lt; 0.001), CAD (HR 1.98, 95% CI 1.12–3.50, P &lt; 0.05), and a wider paced QRS duration (HR 1.27 for each 10 ms increment, 95% CI 1.11–1.45, P = 0.001) were independent predictors of HF. Furthermore, cardiovascular mortality was significantly increased in those with HF (36.7% vs. 2.7%, P &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: After a median follow‐up of 7.8 years, permanent RV apical pacing was associated with HF in 26% of patients. Elderly age at the time of implant, a wider paced QRS duration and the presence of CAD independently predicted new‐onset HF. More importantly, HF after RV apical pacing was associated with a higher cardiovascular mortality.
Current status of the development of an AIDS vaccine. (1989)

It is commonly agreed that the development of a vaccine that would prove effective against infection by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV, would be an important measure toward eliminating the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDS. The biology of HIV is complex and very little is known regarding the host immune defenses against viral infection. The virus has evolved mechanisms to evade the immune system which would appear to make traditional vaccine approaches potentially inadequate. However, all of the diverse technologies which have recently been developed in the field of vaccinology have already been applied in large measure to this disease. These techniques include the use of subunits derived from the virus or by recombinant DNA methods, the use of peptides, the use of anti-idiotypes, and the use of various attenuated viruses which can be utilized as gene carriers. This review summarizes the status of these approaches in an attempt to give a critical overview of the field as it presently exists.
InOR-Net: Incremental 3-D Object Recognition Network for Point Cloud Representation (2023)

3-D object recognition has successfully become an appealing research topic in the real world. However, most existing recognition models unreasonably assume that the categories of 3-D objects cannot change over time in the real world. This unrealistic assumption may result in significant performance degradation for them to learn new classes of 3-D objects consecutively due to the catastrophic forgetting on old learned classes. Moreover, they cannot explore which 3-D geometric characteristics are essential to alleviate the catastrophic forgetting on old classes of 3-D objects. To tackle the above challenges, we develop a novel Incremental 3-D Object Recognition Network (i.e., InOR-Net), which could recognize new classes of 3-D objects continuously by overcoming the catastrophic forgetting on old classes. Specifically, category-guided geometric reasoning is proposed to reason local geometric structures with distinctive 3-D characteristics of each class by leveraging intrinsic category information. We then propose a novel critic-induced geometric attention mechanism to distinguish which 3-D geometric characteristics within each class are beneficial to overcome the catastrophic forgetting on old classes of 3-D objects while preventing the negative influence of useless 3-D characteristics. In addition, a dual adaptive fairness compensations' strategy is designed to overcome the forgetting brought by class imbalance by compensating biased weights and predictions of the classifier. Comparison experiments verify the state-of-the-art performance of the proposed InOR-Net model on several public point cloud datasets.
New CpFeCO[P(OPh)3](.eta.1-alkenyl) and CpFeCO[P(OPh)3](.eta.1-alkenylacyl) complexes. Crystal and molecular structure of CpFeCO[P(OPh)3][.eta.1-(E)-COC(CH2OMe):C(Me)Ph] and an NMR method to assign alkenyl ligand structure (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew CpFeCO[P(OPh)3](.eta.1-alkenyl) and CpFeCO[P(OPh)3](.eta.1-alkenylacyl) complexes. Crystal and molecular structure of CpFeCO[P(OPh)3][.eta.1-(E)-COC(CH2OMe):C(Me)Ph] and an NMR method to assign alkenyl ligand structureDaniel L. Reger, Stephen A. Klaeren, James E. Babin, and Richard D. AdamsCite this: Organometallics 1988, 7, 1, 181–189Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00091a028https://doi.org/10.1021/om00091a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views101Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Softoxometalate [{K6.5Cu(OH)8.5(H2O)7.5}0.5@{K3PW12O40}]n (n = 1348–2024) as an Efficient Inorganic Material for CO2 Reduction with Concomitant Water Oxidation (2017)

An immediate challenge for chemists is to devise different methods to trap chemical energy using light by reduction of carbon dioxide to a transportable fuel. To reach this goal the major obstacle lies in finding a suitable material that is abundant and possesses catalytic power to effect such reduction reaction and perform this reduction reaction without using any external photosensitizer. Here we report for the first time a softoxometalate based on a {[K<sub>6.5</sub>Cu(OH)<sub>8.5</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>7.5</sub>]<sub>0.5</sub>[K<sub>3</sub>PW<sub>12</sub>O<sub>40</sub>]} metal oxide framework which is stable in reaction conditions that effectively performs photochemical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction reaction in water with a very high turnover number of 613 and TOF of 47.15 h<sup>-1</sup>. We observe that during this reaction water gets oxidized to oxygen, while the electrons released directly go to CO<sub>2</sub> reducing it to formic acid. A detailed account of the characterization of the catalyst along with that of products of this reaction is reported.
Seeing beyond occlusions (and other marvels of a finite lens aperture) (2003)

We present a novel algorithm to reconstruct the geometry and photometry of a scene with occlusions from a collection of defocused images. The presence of a finite lens aperture allows us to recover portions of the scene that would be occluded in a pin-hole projection, thus "uncovering" the occlusion. We estimate the shape of each object (a surface, including the occluding boundaries), and its radiance (a positive function defined on the surface, including portions that are occluded by other objects).
Isolation of a specific DNA fragment and development of a PCR-based method for the detection ofMycobacterium genavense (1999)

The rise of Mycobacterium genavense infections is making identification ever more important for diagnosis and treatment. Moreover, isolation and identification of M. genavense are made difficult by the lack of growth on solid media and by its low generation rate in BACTEC liquid media. Thus, amplification by PCR or similar techniques represents the only possibility of detecting and identifying M. genavense from tissue samples. In order to set up a simple and species-specific method based on the use of PCR and non-radioactive hybridization technique, we decided to search for and clone a specific DNA fragment of this bacterial species. In the present study, a 1734-bp fragment was isolated. This fragment was found to be highly specific for M. genavense strains. A species-specific pair of primers (MG22 and MG23) and two oligonucleotide probes (MG18 and MG19) were selected. They were successfully used to amplify and detect a 155-bp DNA fragment from the 13 available strains of M. genavense which were isolated from clinical specimens or from birds. Conversely, the primers and probes did not hybridize with DNA from any of the 20 other mycobacterial species tested. It is worth noting that the chosen primers and probes did not hybridize with DNA of M. simiae, although it is closely related to M. genavense. The present PCR technique uses species-specific primers for M. genavense. Followed by a non-radioactive hybridization technique on microplates it is able to distinguish M. genavense from other mycobacteria in one step, without sequencing or restriction analysis. On the basis of the Southern blot hybridization, PCR and sandwich hybridization results, we concluded that the isolated 1.7-kb sequence was specific for the M. genavense chromosome. The method developed here for M. genavense identification uses a simple methodology and commonly available reagents. Furthermore it can be easily automated.
Experimental Osteoarthritis in the Rabbit:Comparison of Different Periods of Repeated Immobilization (1982)

The objective of this study was to compare the degree of osteoarthritis caused by different periods of repeated immobilization and mobilization. Existing knowledge of the pathogenic factors causing osteoarthritis is deficient, but it is well known that long-term immobilization produces degenerative joint changes. In this experimental study it is shown that short repetitive periods of immobilization also induce osteoarthritis. The results can be summarized as follows: immobilization, periodic or continuous, over more than 30 days will lead to progressive osteoarthritis. The range of motion after periodic immobilization depends more on the total immobilization time than on the duration of either the immobilization or mobilization periods. Even an immobilization period of 4 days had a cumulative effect in producing osteoarthritis. An interval of 4 weeks between immobilization periods did not prevent immobilization from causing osteoarthritis. It can be assumed that all situations which lead to the immobilization of a joint can cause osteoarthritis changes. Radiology, photography, and histology all showed some degree of degenerative changes also in the contralateral non-immobilized knee.
Tip-Enhanced Raman Scattering of MoS2 (2016)

Detailed structural characterization of novel two-dimensional materials plays a key role in understanding their properties and designing optoelectronic devices. High resolution spatial imaging is important for characterizing defects, edges, and grain boundaries. We use tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) to obtain nanoscale vibrational images of monolayer and few-layer MoS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> . We compare near-field and far-field Raman maps and demonstrate high spatial resolution and signal enhancement for various vibrational modes and peak ratios. We observe different spectral behavior and enhancement of edges and inner areas. We show that TERS provides valuable complementary nanoscale information to topographic scanning probe microscopy.
An Approach for Irreversible Bonding of PDMS-PS Hybrid Microfluidic Chips at Room Temperature (2013)

* ( 310058) /(UV/O 3 )(PDMS)(PS) . , UV/O 3 PS ; 3-(APTES) UV/O 3 PS , ; PS PDMS UV/O 3 , . PDMS PS ,
Genetic association of five apolipoprotein polymorphisms with serum lipoprotein-lipid levels in African blacks (1999)

Genetic studies carried out mainly in European and European-derived populations have shown that common polymorphisms in genes coding for apolipoproteins are significant determinants of serum lipoprotein-lipid levels variation. However, except for a few sporadic studies, the distribution of apolipoprotein polymorphisms and their association with serum lipoprotein-lipid levels have not been evaluated systematically in African or African-derived populations. In this investigation we have studied five apolipoprotein polymorphisms, including APOA1/MspI-75 bp, APOA1/MspI+83 bp, APOC3/PvuII, APOE, and APOH in 786 Africans (493 men, 293 women) from Nigeria. The sample is comprised of Nigerian civil servants consisting of 462 junior staff (less affluent) and 324 senior staff (more affluent) where staff status is a correlate of their socioeconomic status. We first examined genetic associations in the total sample stratified by gender to determine the role of apolipoprotein polymorphisms in affecting serum lipid profile in the general population, and then by staff status to evaluate possible gene-environment interactions. In the total sample, the APOC3/PvuII polymorphism showed significant effect on HDL-cholesterol (P = 0.029) and HDL3-cholesterol (P = 0.009) in women, and the APOE polymorphism was significantly associated with total cholesterol (P = 0.031) and LDL-cholesterol (P = 0.0006) in women. Multiple regression analyses showed that the APOC3/PvuII polymorphism accounts for about 2 and 3% of the variation in HDL-cholesterol and HDL3-cholesterol, respectively, in women; while the APOE polymorphism accounted for about 5 and 6% of the variation in total- and LDL-cholesterol, respectively, in women. Whereas the association of the APOE polymorphism was independent of the staff status, the significant affect of the APOC3/PvuII polymorphism on HDL- and HDL3-cholesterol was confined to senior staff women where it explained about 7% of their variation. We also observed an interaction between staff and the APOH polymorphism in affecting cholesterol levels. The APOH polymorphism showed significant association with total cholesterol (P = 0.010) and LDL-cholesterol (P = 0.016) in senior staff women and explained about 7 and 5% of their phenotypic variations, respectively. These data indicate that gene-environment interaction may play an important role in affecting serum lipid profile in African populations.