gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reactions of bis(acetoxymethyl) ether and several of its aryloxy analogs (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of bis(acetoxymethyl) ether and several of its aryloxy analogsDonald H. Wadsworth, Richard S. Vinal, and James P. ClevelandCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 9, 1623–1626Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00348a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00348a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views154Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of 2(1H)-pyrimidinone with bromine. Reaction via its covalent hydrate (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics and mechanism of the reaction of 2(1H)-pyrimidinone with bromine. Reaction via its covalent hydrateOswald S. Tee and Martino PaventiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 11, 2072–2076Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01299a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01299a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views81Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Passive functional mapping guides electrical cortical stimulation for efficient determination of eloquent cortex in epilepsy patients (2017)

Electrical cortical stimulation (ECS) is often used in presurgical evaluation procedures for patients suffering from pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Real-time functional mapping (RTFM) is an alternative brain mapping methodology that can accompany traditional functional mapping approaches like ECS. In this paper, we present a combined RTFM/ECS system that aims to exploit the common ground and the advantages of the two procedures for improved time/effort effectiveness, patients' experience and safety. Using the RTFM and ECS data from four patients who suffer epilepsy, we demonstrate that the RTFM-guided ECS procedure hypothetically reduces the number of electrical stimulations necessary for eloquent cortex detection by 40%.
Selectivity to Translational Egomotion in Human Brain Motion Areas (2013)

The optic flow generated when a person moves through the environment can be locally decomposed into several basic components, including radial, circular, translational and spiral motion. Since their analysis plays an important part in the visual perception and control of locomotion and posture it is likely that some brain regions in the primate dorsal visual pathway are specialized to distinguish among them. The aim of this study is to explore the sensitivity to different types of egomotion-compatible visual stimulations in the human motion-sensitive regions of the brain. Event-related fMRI experiments, 3D motion and wide-field stimulation, functional localizers and brain mapping methods were used to study the sensitivity of six distinct motion areas (V6, MT, MST+, V3A, CSv and an Intra-Parietal Sulcus motion [IPSmot] region) to different types of optic flow stimuli. Results show that only areas V6, MST+ and IPSmot are specialized in distinguishing among the various types of flow patterns, with a high response for the translational flow which was maximum in V6 and IPSmot and less marked in MST+. Given that during egomotion the translational optic flow conveys differential information about the near and far external objects, areas V6 and IPSmot likely process visual egomotion signals to extract information about the relative distance of objects with respect to the observer. Since area V6 is also involved in distinguishing object-motion from self-motion, it could provide information about location in space of moving and static objects during self-motion, particularly in a dynamically unstable environment.
Innovations in Savings Schemes (1998)

Bonus Bonds were introduced into New Zealand in March 1970 based on the Premium Bond savings scheme operating in the United Kingdom. A Bonus Bond is a unit in the Bonus Bonds Trust with all incomefrom the trust's conservative investments being balloted for on a monthly basis by the bond homers. This paper looks at the history and operation of the Bonus Bonds savings scheme in New Zealand and examines why it has such wide appeal for New Zealanders. The paper also addresses the following aspects of the scheme. Performance of the bonds; their level of success as a savings vehicle; factors contributing to their relative success over time; the risk profile of the bond holders. The major findings of the paper are that investors in Bonus Bonds have little appreciation of real values and they view the bonds as an appropriate investment for risk averse investors.
A High-Efficiency FPGA-Based Accelerator for Binarized Neural Network (2019)

Although the convolutional neural network (CNN) has exhibited outstanding performance in various applications, the deployment of CNN on embedded and mobile devices is limited by the massive computations and memory footprint. To address these challenges, Courbariaux and co-workers put forward binarized neural network (BNN) which quantizes both the weights and activations to [Formula: see text]1. From the perspective of hardware, BNN can greatly simplify the computation and reduce the storage. In this work, we first present the algorithm optimizations to further binarize the first layer and the padding bits of BNN; then we propose a fully binarized CNN accelerator. With the Shuffle–Compute structure and the memory-aware computation schedule scheme, the proposed design can boost the performance for feature maps of different sizes and make full use of the memory bandwidth. To evaluate our design, we implement the accelerator on the Zynq ZC702 board, and the experiments on the SVHN and CIFAR-10 datasets show the state-of-the-art performance efficiency and resource efficiency.
TSOM Method for Nanoelectronics Dimensional Metrology (2011)

Through‐focus scanning optical microscopy (TSOM) is a relatively new method that transforms conventional optical microscopes into truly three‐dimensional metrology tools for nanoscale to microscale dimensional analysis. TSOM achieves this by acquiring and analyzing a set of optical images collected at various focus positions going through focus (from above‐focus to under‐focus). The measurement resolution is comparable to what is possible with typical light scatterometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). TSOM method is able to identify nanometer scale difference, type of the difference and magnitude of the difference between two nano/micro scale targets using a conventional optical microscope with visible wavelength illumination. Numerous industries could benefit from the TSOM method—such as the semiconductor industry, MEMS, NEMS, biotechnology, nanomanufacturing, data storage, and photonics. The method is relatively simple and inexpensive, has a high throughput, provides nanoscale sensitivity for 3D measurements and could enable significant savings and yield improvements in nanometrology and nanomanufacturing. Potential applications are demonstrated using experiments and simulations.
Electrostatic enforcement of steam power plant (2013)

The effect of electrospray produced micro-droplets on the condensation of polar vapors is investigated theoretically and experimentally with the steam condenser. The considered phenomena include the equilibrium charged micro-droplet with the vapor phase and the electrohydrodynamic vapor flow induced by the drift of charged droplets. Experimental investigation of electrospray-supported condensation confirms the significant improvement in the condensation rate..
Assessing the aesthetic quality of photographs using generic image descriptors (2011)

In this paper, we automatically assess the aesthetic properties of images. In the past, this problem has been addressed by hand-crafting features which would correlate with best photographic practices (e.g. “Does this image respect the rule of thirds?”) or with photographic techniques (e.g. “Is this image a macro?”). We depart from this line of research and propose to use generic image descriptors to assess aesthetic quality. We experimentally show that the descriptors we use, which aggregate statistics computed from low-level local features, implicitly encode the aesthetic properties explicitly used by state-of-the-art methods and outperform them by a significant margin.
Unsupervised Three-dimensional Reconstruction of Small Rocks from a Single Two-dimensional Image (2014)

Surfaces covered with pebbles and small rocks can often be found in nature or in human-shaped environments. Generating an accurate three-dimensional model of these kind of surfaces from a reference image can be challenging, especially if one wants to be able to animate each pebble individually. To undertake this kind of task manually is time consuming and impossible to achieve in dynamic terrains animations. The method described in this paper allows unsupervised automatic generation of three-dimensional textured rocks from a two-dimensional image aiming to closely match the original image as much as possible.
Glucose-insulin model of glucose metabolism in acute diabetic swine based on Luenberger observer (2012)

Clinical studies have to be prepared meticulously to reduce the risk for each subject when testing new therapy devices. Here, the establisment of adequate animal trials could reduce the safety risks and accelerate the certification of technical developments for clinical studies. In particular, for the realisation of an artificial pancreas for type 1 diabetes patients, animal trials with Goettingen minipigs seem to be useful. To understand the glucose-insulin system in that breed and to design an adequate control algorithm for a future closed-loop therapy system, two different linear model approaches for the glucose metabolism are described. Therefore, two LUENBERGER observer were identified for a simple PT <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and a more complex blood glucose trajectory approximation during oral glucose tolerance test and subcutaneously injected insulin dose. By analysing the observer feedback, it could be shown, that both approaches seem to be reasonable. Nevertheless, the models have to be improved in future by further glucose-insulin interactions and measurement data.
Development of composite structures in hypermonotectic alloys through the use of in-situ fibers (1992)

This study demonstrates how the otherwise detrimental surface wetting and coarsening in a metallic system can be put to advantage through the inclusion of aligned fibers which accrue the excess liquid II phase while passing through the range of the miscibility gap and, some lower temperature, uniformly incorporate it into the solid I plus liquid II matrix. This is initially shown through the utilization of a hypermonotectic succinonitrile-glycerol mixture, a transparent organic system which exhibits solidification behavior in a manner analogous to metals. Results are compared with the analogue study and both are reviewed in terms of relevant wetting theory and surface area considerations.
Marine biogeochemical response to a rapid warming in the main stream of the Kuroshio in the western North Pacific (2008)

Abstract Impact of climate change on marine biogeochemical parameters and ecosystem is one of the important issues of our environment. Direct evidence of marine pelagic ecosystem changes is found with warming of sea water and sea‐level rise in the main stream of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea and the western North Pacific during these three decades based on the analysis of long‐term comprehensive hydrographic observations. In terms of annual mean, the warming rate of surface air temperature and sea surface temperature ranged from 0.15 to 0.21°C per decade in and around the main stream of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea, which exceed the global mean warming rate of 0.128 ± 0.026°C per decade during the period from 1956 to 2005 reported in IPCC 2007. One of the features in this rapid warming region is an increase of number of Pterosagitta draco , a cosmopolitan warm‐water zooplankton. Biogeochemical parameters, such as wet weight of zooplankton, plant pigment and nutrients concentration in the upper 200 m have been decreasing while dissolved oxygen content and seawater temperature have been increasing in the upper 200 m in the main stream of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea. These observed linear trends of the biogeochemical parameters would be foresights for temperate oceans in the future.
[A case of adriamycin and methotrexate-resistant recurrent breast cancer treated with doxifluridine and mitomycin C]. (1999)

A 49-year-old woman was diagnosed with local recurrence and cervical lymph node and bone metastases 55 months after surgery for breast cancer. She was treated with goserelin acetate and tamoxifen but the disease was assessed as progressive after 8 months. Five courses of CMF therapy were performed but lung, pleural and mediastinal lymph node metastases were detected. Then, five courses of CAF therapy were carried out, but a contralateral breast metastasis was detected and the patient complained of shortness of breath. The CAF therapy was assessed as PD. We attempted administration of doxifluridine (5'-DFUR) and mitomycin C (MMC) on an outpatient basis. After 6 months, no progressive disease was detected and she was relieved of her shortness of breath. The combination therapy was assessed as long NC. Combination therapy with 5'-DFUR and MMC is thus a useful treatment for adriamycin- and methotrexate-resistant breast cancer, especially in terms of quality of life.
A Metric for Light Field Reconstruction, Compression, and Display Quality Evaluation (2020)

Owning to the recorded light ray distributions, light field contains much richer information and provides possibilities of some enlightening applications, and it has becoming more and more popular. To facilitate the relevant applications, many light field processing techniques have been proposed recently. These operations also bring the loss of visual quality, and thus there is need of a light field quality metric to quantify the visual quality loss. To reduce the processing complexity and resource consumption, light fields are generally sparsely sampled, compressed, and finally reconstructed and displayed to the users. We consider the distortions introduced in this typical light field processing chain, and propose a full-reference light field quality metric. Specifically, we measure the light field quality from three aspects: global spatial quality based on view structure matching, local spatial quality based on near-edge mean square error, and angular quality based on multi-view quality analysis. These three aspects have captured the most common distortions introduced in light field processing, including global distortions like blur and blocking, local geometric distortions like ghosting and stretching, and angular distortions like flickering and sampling. Experimental results show that the proposed method can estimate light field quality accurately, and it outperforms the state-of-the-art quality metrics which may be effective for light field.
Susceptibility to type 2 diabetes may be modulated by haplotypes in G6PC2, a target of positive selection (2017)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
Cloning and characterization of the human corticotropin-releasing factor-2 receptor complementary deoxyribonucleic acid. (1996)

Two CRF receptor subtypes (CRF1 and CRF2 receptors) with distinct brain localizations and pharmacological profiles have recently been cloned and characterized. For the CRF2 receptor subtype, at least 2 splice forms with different 5'-coding sequences (CRF2 alpha and CRF2 beta) have been identified in rat. In this article, we report the genomic structure and the corresponding complementary DNA (cDNA) sequence of the human CRF2 receptor. The gene coding for human CRF2 receptor consists of at least 12 exons and spans approximately 30 kilobases. The cDNA sequence in the protein-coding region is 94% identical to that of the reported rat CRF2 alpha receptor. At present, there is no evidence for the existence of a CRF2 beta receptor homolog in humans. The encoded receptor is 411 amino acids in length and is 70% identical to the human CRF1 receptor, with least sequence homology in the N-terminal extracellular domain (47% identical). Cells transfected with the full-length human CRF2 receptor cDNA responded to rat/human CRF and sauvagine by increasing the intracellular cAMP level, with EC50 values of approximately 20 and 1 nM, respectively. The CRF- and sauvagine-induced accumulation of intracellular cAMP could be competitively inhibited by the CRF receptor antagonist D-Phe-CRF. This pharmacological profile was comparable to that of the rat CRF2 alpha receptor. The relative abundance of the CRF2 receptor messenger RNA appears to be lower in humans than in rats for the tissues studied thus far.
Techniques de compression des signaux (1995)

Les recherches en codage de la parole et des signaux musicaux ont progresse rapidement. L'auteur aborde successivement les principales techniques qui se sont imposees : la quantification vectorielle, le codage par analyse synthese excite par code (CELP), le codage par transformee, le codage en sous-bandes et le codage entropique. Quelques exemples d'applications dans les domaines de la compression d'image fixe, animee ou de telecopie sont fournis.
<title>Moving M2 mirror without pointing offset</title> (1991)

High precision movement of telescope mirrors in two-mirror telescopes is examined. Active optics are used for high precision movement of M2 during exposures to introduce a specific amount of decentering coma. It is shown that the decentering coma may be controlled by high accuracy rotation of the mirror around a point near the center of curvature of M2. Basic equations are developed for the displacement of the barycenter of the geometric blur. A relation is obtained for determining the correct position around which the rotation should be performed. The application of these techniques to two-mirror telescopes is discussed. Ray tracing and analytical results were compared and showed good agreement.
A randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled study to evaluate efficacy and safety of a synergistic multi-herbal extract blend KaraHeart™ in supporting healthy cholesterol levels (2022)

Background: Hyperlipidemia is a condition involving abnormally high levels of lipids in the blood. Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and refers to either high levels of triglycerides (TGL) or cholesterol. Herbal supplements have been used in the management of cholesterol levels in Ayurveda, a complete medical system originating in India. KaraHeart™ is a multi-herbal extract synergistic blend that may help in the management of healthy cholesterol levels. The current study tested the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of KaraHeart™ versus a placebo in the management of cholesterol levels of patients with mild hyperlipidemia.Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, parallel, and placebo-controlled study. A total of 100 patients were divided into two groups. One group was given KaraHeart™ and the other group was given a placebo for 120 days. Treatment results were assessed by checking the lipid profile parameters such as total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and TGL.Results: The study found that the herbal supplement KaraHeart™ significantly reduced levels of LDL, VLDL, TGL, and total cholesterol, while increasing the levels of HDL in the blood. Additionally, the study concluded that KaraHeart™ was safe to use.Conclusions: KaraHeart™ was shown to be safe and effective in the management of cholesterol levels.
New possibilities for niobium-based Josephson tunneling (1985)

Preparation of high quality Nb/ZrOx/Pb and Nb/TiOx/Pb Josephson tunnel junctions based on single-crystal niobium thin films is reported. Vm values up to 70 mV, as measured at 4.2 K, were obtained as a result of thermal oxidation of the freshly coated surfaces. The specific capacitance of these junctions varies from 0.010–0.022 pF/μm2, as determined from Fiske modes and the Josephson diffraction patterns. The use of added thermally oxidized metallic coatings on single-crystal Nb surfaces is shown to modify the tunneling parameters systematically and to offer new possibilities for fabricating all refractory metal Josephson devices.
Protein Farnesyltransferase Assays (1998)

Abstract The enzyme protein farnesyltransferase (FPT) transfers a farnesyl group from the prenyl donor farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) to a cysteine residue on substrate proteins which contain a C‐terminal CaaX motif, where C is cysteine, a is an aliphatic amino acid, and X is methionine, serine, or glutamine. Known substrates for FPT include nuclear lamin B and the small GTP‐binding proteins H‐, K‐, and N‐Ras. Short peptides encompassing the CaaX motif of these proteins are also farnesylated by FPT. In this unit, two methods for assaying FPT activity and testing inhibitors are described. Both are based on measuring the transfer of [ 3 H]farnesyl from FPP to a protein or peptide substrate. The first method, the TCA assay, uses native protein substrates of FPT (a support protocol details procedures for expressing and purifying histidine‐tagged H‐Ras in bacteria), and the prenylated product is collected by trichloroacetic acid (TCA) precipitation in the presence of carrier protein. A support protocol is also provided for preparing bovine brain membrane extract for use as the carrier. The second method employs scintillation proximity assay (SPA) technology in which a biotinylated peptide is used as a substrate, and streptavidin SPA beads are used to capture the farnesylated peptide. These procedures can be easily modified to measure prenylation of other protein substrates by FPT and related enzymes.