gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The total human environmental exposure study (THEES) to benzo (A) pyrene (1987)

The traditional approach to examining the concentration patterns of pollutants or the uptake by humans usually has been to focus on a single medium, e.g. air or water. In recent years progress has been made in extending study designs to multimedia; however, these have usually been limited in scope and the data available from each medium are not always compatible for estimating exposure. The exposure assessment guidelines developed by EPA have illustrated some of the important types of source, measurement and pathway information necessary to conduct a multimedia analysis for a pollutant or class of pollutants. However, at present there is a lack of systematic approaches to the quantitative study of multimedia human exposures. The need to systematically examine exposure led to the Total Human Environmental Exposure Study (THEES). It is a four year project that includes microenvironmental, personal monitoring protocols, and the development of human exposure models. In this paper the experimental design is described, and the indoor-outdoor air results of the first phase, a Winter, 1987 microenvironmental study, are presented.
Advancing the chromatography of GC/FT‐IR to WCOT capillary columns (1980)

Abstract By the use of a wide‐bore WCOT capillary column, it was possible to obtain the first on‐the‐fly GC/FT‐IR spectra with a WCOT column. This wide‐bore WCOT column gave improved separation, as compared to a SCOT column, and yielded identifiable infrared spectra for a real sample.
Effect of novel mucoadhesive buccal patches of carvedilol on isoprenaline-induced tachycardia (2014)

The main aim of the study was designed to develop bioadhesive buccal patches of carvedilol (CR) and evaluate for isoprenaline-induced tachycardia. Buccal patches of carvedilol were prepared by using chitosan (CH), sodium salt of carboxy methyl cellulose (NaCMC), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as mucoadhesive polymers. The solvent evaporation method was used for the preparation of buccal patches. The patches were evaluated for their physical characteristics like patch thickness, weight variation, content uniformity, folding endurance, surface pH, residence time, in vitro drug release, and in vivo pharmacodynamic study. The swelling index of the patches was found to be proportional to the polymer concentration, whereas surface pH of all the formulated bioadhesive patches was found to lie between neutral ranges. In-vitro release study shows that 94.75% drug was release in 8 hours from the patch, which containing 2% w/v chitosan. The folding endurance result shows good elasticity in all the patches. Application of buccal patches on buccal mucosa of rabbit shows a significant result in % inhibition of isoprenaline-induced tachycardia. Prepared buccal patches of chitosan, NaCMC, and PVA containing Carvedilol meet the ideal requirement for the delivery of cardiovascular drugs and inhibit the isoprenaline tachycardia.
An AI Walk from Pharmacokinetics to A Marketing (2011)

This work is intended for providing a review of reallife practical applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods. We focus on the use of Machine Learning (ML) methods applied to rather real problems than synthetic problems with standard and controlled environment. In particular, we will describe the following problems in next sections: • Optimization of Erythropoietin (EPO) dosages in anaemic patients undergoing Chronic Renal Failure (CRF). • Optimization of a recommender system for citizen web portal users. • Optimization of a marketing campaign. The choice of these problems is due to their relevance and their heterogeneity. This heterogeneity shows the capabilities and versatility of ML methods to solve real-life problems in very different fields of knowledge. The following methods will be mentioned during this work: • Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs): Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Neural Network, Elman Network, Self-Oganizing Maps (SOMs) and Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART). • Other clustering algorithms: K-Means, Expectation- Maximization (EM) algorithm, Fuzzy C-Means (FCM), Hierarchical Clustering Algorithms (HCA). • Generalized Auto-Regressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH). • Support Vector Regression (SVR). • Collaborative filtering techniques. • Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods.Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.
EG-04 * DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHLY POTENT, SELECTIVE BET BROMODOMAIN INHIBITORS THAT ARE CNS PENETRANT AND EFFECTIVE IN RODENT MODELS OF BRAIN CANCER (2014)

BRD2, BRD3, and BRD4 are members of the BET family of bromodomain inhibitors that have received intense current interest as novel treatments for cancer. The BET proteins function as epigenetic modulators that recognize specifically marked regions of histones and thereby influence gene transcription. Numerous highly potent, highly selective BET inhibitors have emerged and some (e.g. IBET-762) have advanced to clinical trials. We aimed to develop BET inhibitors as drug for untreatable forms of brain cancer including GBM (glioblastoma multiforme) and metastatic brain cancer. Unfortunately, we found that they are poorly suited as drugs for any indications that require high CNS drug exposure because they have high susceptibility to efflux transporters and low passive cellular permeability. To improve CNS penetration, we employed a structure-based design approach that involved (1) disrupting key transporter pharmacophore points and (2) altering the physical properties to improve cellular permeability. In this manner we have identified EP11313 which has strong potency (BRD4 IC50 7 nM), low efflux (ER <2), high passive cellular permeability (Papp 13.3 × 10−6 cm/s), moderate oral bioavailability in mouse (59%) and high CNS exposure. EP11313 (after daily drug administration for 3 weeks) shows antiproliferative effects in TMZ-resistant cancer patient stem cell lines and dose-dependent tumor reduction in nu/nu mice that were centrally transplanted with luciferase-expressing GBM cell xenografts.
Priming Bean Seedlings to Boost Natural Plant Defenses Against Common Bacterial Wilt: Salicylic Acid Responses to Chemical Primers (Part 1) (2023)

This greenhouse study evaluated the effects of two chemical inducers for priming kidney bean seedlings against a bacterial wilt disease. This study's central premise was that chlorine dioxide's oxidant properties would mimic the signaling properties of radical oxygen species, thereby initiating a cascade of molecular plant defenses, including the synthesis of salicylic acid (SA). This signaling agent then initiates a cascade of pre-defense activities to provide a more rapid and robust natural defense against pathogen attacks. This factorial study included two levels for a foliar chlorine dioxide treatment and two for a bacterial wilt inoculation treatment. The two plant response variables were free and conjugated salicylic acid levels sampled in leaf tissue over two collection dates. Half of the 96 plants were inoculated with a bacterial culture that causes common bean wilt disease. Leaf tissue was harvested 17 to 32 h and 960 h after the wilt inoculation to determine the temporal dynamics of SA due to chemical treatments. Also, PCR tests were used to verify wilt presence in the inoculated plants. Inoculation of the wilt disease did not affect free SA when leaf tissue was sampled from 17 to 32 h. after wilt inoculation. However, chlorine dioxide applied at 400 mg/l and sampled at 20 h after inoculation resulted in a 15-fold increase in free SA over the control. Also, chlorine dioxide applied at 400 mg/l with leaf tissue sampled at 26 h after inoculation resulted in a 33-fold increase in conjugate SA levels compared to the control plants. Leaf tissue sampled at 960 h after the inoculation showed no free SA differences among the chemical treatments. However, the inoculated plant had a 15.9-fold increase in free SA compared to the non-inoculated plants. The priming effect on kidney bean seedlings using a single chlorine dioxide foliage application temporarily increased free and conjugate SA. The free and conjugate SA levels for the non-inoculated plants returned to baseline levels when sampled at 960 h. These results indicate that primed plants elevate SA up to several weeks with a slow decline back to baseline levels. Stem injection of the bacterial wilt bypassed the immunity mechanisms present in leaves, which significantly increased the wilt injury levels. Stem injection negated much of the foliar defenses, which overshadowed the priming effects of the chemical treatments on plant immunity and foliar defenses. The second leaf sampling on newly formed leaves reveals elevated SA levels in the inoculated plants but not in the non-inoculated plants.
Genetic Dissection of the Regulatory Network Associated with High c-di-GMP Levels in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 (2016)

Most bacteria grow in nature forming multicellular structures named biofilms. The bacterial second messenger cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) is a key player in the regulation of the transition from planktonic to sessile lifestyles and this regulation is crucial in the development of biofilms. In Pseudomonas putida KT2440, Rup4959, a multidomain response regulator with diguanylate cyclase activity, when overexpressed causes an increment in the intracellular levels of c-di-GMP that gives rise to a pleiotropic phenotype consisting of increased biofilm formation and crinkly colony morphology. In a broad genomic screen we have isolated mutant derivatives that lose the crinkly morphology, designed as cfc (crinkle free colony). A total of 19 different genes have been identified as being related with the emergence of the cfc phenotype either because the expression or functionality of Rup4959 is compromised, or due to a lack of transduction of the c-di-GMP signal to downstream elements involved in the acquisition of the phenotype. Discernment between these possibilities was investigated by using a c-di-GMP biosensor and by HPLC-MS quantification of the second messenger. Interestingly five of the identified genes encode proteins with AAA+ ATPase domain. Among the bacterial determinants found in this screen are the global transcriptional regulators GacA, AlgU and FleQ and two enzymes involved in the arginine biosynthesis pathway. We present evidences that this pathway seems to be an important element to both the availability of the free pool of the second messenger c-di-GMP and to its further transduction as a signal for biosynthesis of biopolimers. In addition we have identified an uncharacterized hybrid sensor histidine kinase whose phosphoaceptor conserved histidine residue has been shown in this work to be required for in vivo activation of the orphan response regulator Rup4959, which suggests these two elements constitute a two-component phosphorelay system.
HIGH PRESSURE CONSOLIDATION TO DEVELOP HIGHER DENSITY PM TRANSMISSION GEAR STEELS WITH IMPROVED ROLLING CONTACT FATIGUE BEHAVIOR (2009)

We present the results of geometrical, physical, microstructural and material properties such as rolling contact fatigue behavior of PM FLN2-4405 material for potential automotive power transmission applications using UTRON's high pressure Combustion Driven Powder Compaction (CDC).(1-11) Similar other high performance surface hardenable low-alloy steels with fairly low carbon content are also used for aerospace transmission rotorcraft component applications. The unique process advantages include: much higher part densities in green and sintered conditions, near net shaping ability, less part shrinkages, improved microstructural and materials behavior/properties. Efforts to optimize the process conditions together with effects on geometrical, physical, microstructural and rolling contact fatigue will be discussed and technological advantages will be highlighted. Potential commercial applications include transmission rotorcraft components, engine parts, cutting tool ceramics, body/vehicle armor ceramics, slip rings, laser optical mirror substrates, heat sinks, X-ray targets, magnets, high performance valves, rocket motor components, thermoelectric/fuel cell electrodes/modules, high temperature/wear & erosion resistant parts and biomedical implants. The parts produced at 150 tsi were of near net shape quality under optimum conditions with improved mechanical durability and microstructural attributes and Rolling Contact Fatigue (RCF) properties especially at higher contact stresses (13) than those attainable by conventional low pressure PM techniques.(12, 14-18)
Metal‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Reactions (2015)

Transition-metal-mediated multicomponent reactions constitute an intensive area of research directed toward the development of new single-step methodologies for the preparation of relevant or complex molecules. In this Chapter, we present an overview of recent literature regarding this topic with the aim of illustrating progress in a large variety of catalyzed multicomponent reactions since 2005.
Observation of the Full Time Evolution of the Nuclear Collective-Decay Mode in CrystallineFe257O3Excited by Synchrotron Radiation (1988)

The full time evolution of the coherent deexcitation of the 14.4-keV nuclear resonance, excited by synchrotron radiation in a single crystal of the simple antiferromagnet $^{57}\mathrm{Fe}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, has been measured. The buildup from zero decay probability at time zero following excitation, increasing to a maximum 2.4 nseclater, has been observed experimentally for the first time. The results are in good agreement with calculations based on the dynamical theory of nuclear Bragg scattering.
Modeling of photonic bandgap effects on scan blindnesses in printed dipole arrays (2017)

An analysis of scanblindness onset angles in printed dipole arrays with perforated dielectric substrates is presented. The periodic grid of air holes in these arrays is shown to produce a photonic bandgap (PBG), which is identified as the root cause of previously observed anomalous behavior in H-plane scans. A basic transmission line unit cell model is developed that incorporates PBG effects, and this updated model is shown to accurately predict scanblindnesseses even in cases where traditional analysis fails. This new model lays the groundwork for investigations into E-plane blindness mitigation using the PBG behavior of perforated dielectric substrates.
A Cardiac Early Warning System with Multi Channel SCG and ECG Monitoring for Mobile Health (2017)

Use of information and communication technology such as smart phone, smart watch, smart glass and portable health monitoring devices for healthcare services has made Mobile Health (mHealth) an emerging research area. Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is considered as a leading cause of death world wide and an increasing number of people die prematurely due to CHD. Under such circumstances, there is a growing demand for a reliable cardiac monitoring system to catch the intermittent abnormalities and detect critical cardiac behaviors which lead to sudden death. Use of mobile devices to collect Electrocardiography (ECG), Seismocardiography (SCG) data and efficient analysis of those data can monitor a patient's cardiac activities for early warning. This paper presents a novel cardiac data acquisition method and combined analysis of Electrocardiography (ECG) and multi channel Seismocardiography (SCG) data. An early warning system is implemented to monitor the cardiac activities of a person and accuracy assessment of the early warning system is conducted for the ECG data only. The assessment shows 88% accuracy and effectiveness of our proposed analysis, which implies the viability and applicability of the proposed early warning system.
Advanced Millimeter-Wave Radar System to Detect Pedestrians and Vehicles by Using Coded Pulse Compression and Adaptive Array (2013)

This paper reports an advanced millimeter-wave radar system to enable detection of vehicles and pedestrians in wide areas around the radar site such as an intersection. We focus on a pulse coding scheme using complementary codes to reduce range sidelobe for discriminating vehicles from pedestrians with high accuracy. In order to suppress sidelobe increase created by RF circuit imperfections, a π/2 shift pulse modulation method with a complementary code pair cycle is presented. Moreover, in order to improve the angular resolution, a high-resolution direction of arrival estimation involving Tx beam scanning is presented. Experiments on a prototype confirm its range sidelobe suppression exceeds 40dB and its angular resolution is 5° for two human's separation at the distance of about 10m in an anechoic chamber. In a trial intersection experiment, a pedestrian detection rate of 95% was achieved at the false alarm rate of 10% in the range from 5m to 40m. The results prove the system's feasibility for future automotive safety application.
Overview of graphical operational profiles for generating test cases of GUI software (2015)

In order to effectively apply operational profile-based testing to GUI software, this paper shows the overview of graphical operational profiles that are basically generated from execution history of the software and include input conditions and expected results based on GUI screen images of the software.
Oxygen and Conformation Dependent Protein Oxidation and Aggregation by Porphyrins in Hepatocytes and Light-Exposed Cells (2019)

Photo-excitable porphyrins with deprotonated carboxylates mediate protein aggregation. Porphyrin-mediated proteotoxicity in the absence of light, as in the liver, requires porphyrin accumulation coupled with a second tissue oxidative injury. These findings provide a potential mechanism for internal organ damage and photosensitivity in porphyrias.
Señalizacion celular en el hipocampo epiléptico (2002)

Cell signaling commanding death or survival in human epileptic hippocampus is difficult to trace because of the long interval between the beginning of symptoms and the sampling of damaged cerebral tissue for neuropathological examination. Intraperitoneal injection of the glutamate analogue kainic acid (KA) is a useful tool to analyze the effects of seizures and the excitotoxic damage in the rodent hippocampus. KA acts on NMDA and KA receptors, whereas it has little impact on AMPA receptors. Neurons of the hilus and CA3 neurons are primary targets of KA, although parvalbumin containing GABAergic neurons are less vulnerable than glutamatergic neurons. Immediate responses to KA are hsp 70 mRNA induction and HSP 70/72 protein expression, as well as c fos and c jun mRNA, and c Fos and c Jun protein expression in the hippocampus. Yet increased c Fos and c Jun expression is not a predictor of cell death or cell survival. In contrast, the tissular plasminogen activator (tPA) and the membrane Fas/Fas L signaling pathway probably have a role in facilitating cell death following KA injection. The involvement of other pathways remains controversial. Increased expression of the pro apoptotic Bax together with decreased Bcl 2 suggests Bax mediated apoptosis. Activation of the mitochondrial pathway includes leakage of citochrome c to the cytosol and activation of the caspase cascade leading to apoptosis. However, other studies have emphasized the limited expression of caspase 3, the main executioner of apoptosis, and the relevance of necrosis as the main form of cell death following KA excitotoxicity. Phosphorylation dependent activation of several kinases, including MAPK, p 38 and JNK/SAPK, and their substrates has been found in KA treated animals. Decreased CREBp expression is associated with cell death whereas increased ATF 2P and Elk 1P are associated with cell survival. Trophic factors probably do not play a significant role during the early stages of hippocanmpal damage but they are important in the remodeling of the granukle cells and the sprouting of mossy fibers to the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus. This abnormal regeneration, in turn, facilitates seizure recruitment and the chronic maintenance of convulsions.
Real-Time 10 Gbps Polarization Independent Quasicoherent Receiver for NG-PON2 Access Networks (2018)

In this paper, we propose and test experimentally a real-time 10 Gbps polarization independent quasicoherent receiver for NG-PON2 access networks. The proposed 10 Gbps quasicoherent receiver exhibits a sensitivity of -35.2 dBm after 40 km standard single mode fiber (SSMF) transmission with a commercial generic EML as transmitter. This sensitivity means a 14.9 dB improvement over a direct detection scheme with a photodiode after 40 km SSMF transmission. Therefore, the use of the proposed 10 Gbps quasicoherent receiver with the tested EML will provide a power budget of 35.64 dB (class E2) and a splitting ratio of 128 after the 40 km SSMF transmission. Finally, the proposed 10 Gbps quasicoherent receiver allows a colorless and optical filterless operation because wavelength selection is done by tuning the local oscillator wavelength and using electrical intermediate frequency filtering.
A Description of the Preterm Fetal Sheep Systemic and Central Responses to Maternal General Anesthesia (2007)

Any adverse preterm fetal response to maternal surgery should not be attributed solely to the actions of general anesthesia upon the fetus.
TOWARDS A HIGH QUALITY POLARIZATION-ENTANGLED MULTI-PHOTON SOURCE (2009)

Master's
The time course of recognition memory impairment and glial pathology in the hAPP-J20 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. (2018)

The role of cellular changes in the neurovascular unit is increasingly being investigated to understand the pathogenesis of Alzheimers disease. The aim of the current study was to determine the time course of recognition memory impairment in the J20 mouse model of AD, in relation to neuroinflammatory responses and the pathology of Aβ. Male hAPP-J20 and wild-type mice were assessed at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of age. The spontaneous object recognition (SOR) task provided a measure of memory, with assessment of both a short delay (1 min) and a long delay (4 hrs). Immunohistochemistry was used to characterise Aβ-deposition, and quantify astrocyte and microglial responses. At all ages tested J20 mice had impaired long-term, but preserved short-term, recognition memory. Wild-types demonstrated preserved long-term memory up to 9 months of age, and preserved short-term memory at all ages tested. Plaque pathology in the J20 mice was present from 6 months onwards, with co-localisation of reactive microglia and activated astrocytes. Reactive microglia and astrocyte activation in the hippocampus were significantly greater in the J20 mice at 9 months, compared to wild-types. This study contributes to our understanding of the pathological and cognitive mechanisms at play in AD. J20 mice showed impairment in retaining information over longer periods from an early age, preceding the deposition of Aβ and glial activation. Defining early physiological changes in relation to cognitive decline could provide insight into new therapeutic targets early in the disease process, when intervention is most likely to effectively slow disease progression.