gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The relationship between glass temperature, molar cohesion, and polymer structure (1961)

An empirical equation relating glass temperature, molar cohesion, and polymer structure has been developed from data found in the literature. A fairly extensive list of group cohesion values has been obtained from this relationship and glass temperatures which are in good agreement with reported values have been calculated. The equation is where Hc is the molar cohesion and n is an empirical number obtained from the polymer structure.
Surface Characterization of Retrieved Metal-on-Metal Total Hip Implants from Patients with Adverse Reaction to Metal Debris (2014)

The use of metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip implants has decreased recently due to reports of high failure rates and adverse local tissue reaction (ALTR). It has been hypothesized that wear metal debris released from CoCr bearing surfaces may provoke delayed hypersensitivity reactions. The goal of this study is to evaluate the microscopic bearing surface characteristics of implants revised due to evidence of ALTR. The bearing surface of each head and cup was analyzed using multiple microscopy techniques for characterization of the surface features. The presence of severe mechanical scratching was a common characteristic found in all of the implants evaluated. Mechanical factors seemed to be the prevalent failure mode related to the appearance of ALTR with this particular set of retrieved implants.
Unified Approach to Pore Size Characterization of Microporous Carbonaceous Materials from N2, Ar, and CO2 Adsorption Isotherms (2000)

We present a unified approach to pore size characterization of microporous carbonaceous materials such as activated carbon and carbon fibers by nitrogen, argon, and carbon dioxide adsorption at standard temperatures, 77 K for N2 and Ar and 273 K for CO2. Reference isotherms of N2, Ar, and CO2 in a series of model slit-shaped carbon pores in the range from 0.3 to 36 nm have been calculated from the nonlocal density functional theory (NLDFT) using validated parameters of intermolecular interactions. Carbon dioxide isotherms have also been generated by the grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) method based on the 3-center model of Harris and Yung. The validation of model parameters includes three steps: (1) prediction of vapor−liquid equilibrium data in the bulk system, (2) prediction of adsorption isotherm on graphite surface, (3) comparison of the NLDFT adsorption isotherms in pores to those of GCMC simulations, performed with the parameters of fluid-fluid interactions, which accurately reproduce vapor−liquid equilibrium data of the bulk fluid. Pore size distributions are calculated by an adaptable procedure of deconvolution of the integral adsorption equation using regularization methods. The deconvolution procedure implies the same grid of pore sizes and relative pressures for all adsorbates and the intelligent choice of regularization parameters. We demonstrate the consistency of our approach on examples of pore structure characterization of activated carbons from adsorption isotherms of different gases and from different models (NLDFT and GCMC). Since the CO2 isotherms measured up to 1 atm are not sensitive to pores wider then 1 nm, the NLDFT method for CO2 has been extended to high-pressure CO2 adsorption up to 34 atm. The methods developed are suggested as a practical alternative to traditional phenomenological approaches such as DR, HK, and BJH methods.
Structural Gene of Cytochrome b-562 from the Cytochrome b-c1 Complex of Rhodobacter sphaeroides1 (1987)

The structural gene coding for cytochrome b-562 isolated from the cytochrome b-c1 complex of Rhodobacter (Rhodopseudomonas) sphaeroides has been cloned. Its nucleotide sequence has been determined and the amino acid sequence was deduced therefrom. It consists of 157 amino acids (Mr 17,237) and contains four hydrophobic segments. The first 30 residues in the predicted amino acid sequence are the same as those determined for the NH2-terminal portion of purified cytochrome b-562. The amino acid composition is in accord with that determined for the pure protein. From the hydropathy profile and molar ratio of protoheme to cytochrome b-562, it is suggested that the structural and functional unit of the cytochrome is a two-heme cross-linked homodimer.
Towards a framework for managing architectural design decisions (2017)

Software architecture is considered as a set of architectural design decisions. The recent trends, both in research and industry, call for improved tool support for software architects and developers to manage architectural design decisions and its associated concepts. As part of our ongoing work, we propose a framework for managing architectural design decisions in large software-intensive projects. Each component within this framework addresses specific use cases including (a) extraction and classification of design decisions from issue management systems, (b) annotation of architectural elements, (c) recommendation of alternative decision options, (d) reasoning about decisions' rationale, and (e) recommendation of experts for addressing design decisions. These components are planned to be iteratively realized and evaluated using the design science research approach. We believe that the realization of such a framework will allow an architectural knowledge management system to integrate with the design, development, and maintenance phases to support stakeholders not only to document design decisions but also to learn from decisions made in the past projects.
Cramer-Rao lower bounds for QAM phase and frequency estimation (2001)

In this paper, we present the true Cramer-Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) for the estimation of phase offset for common quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), PSK, and PAM signals in AWGN channels. It is shown that the same analysis also applies to the QAM, FSK, and PAM CRLBs for frequency offset estimation. The ratio of the modulated to the unmodulated CRLBs is derived for all QAM, PSK, and PAM signals and calculated for specific cases of interest. This is useful to determine the limiting performance of synchronization circuits for coherent receivers without the need to simulate particular algorithms. The hounds are compared to the existing true CRLBs for an unmodulated carrier wave (CW), BPSK, and QPSK. We investigated new and existing QAM phase estimation algorithms in order to verify the new phase CRLB. This showed that new minimum distance estimator performs close to the QAM bound and provides a large improvement over the power law estimator at moderate to high signal-to-noise ratios.
Pulmonary Embolism Mimicking Acute Severe Asthma. (2018)

When a patient presents with wheezing, pulmonary embolism is not usually considered as a possible cause. However bronchoconstriction can be caused by the embolism which produces wheezing that may be so obvious to make a diagnosis of bronchial asthma. Here we present a case of sub-massive pulmonary embolism presenting predominantly with wheezing without any previous history of cardio pulmonary diseases. The patient was treated for acute severe asthma in the beginning later suspected to have pulmonary embolism because of poor response to therapy and was confirmed by appropriate investigations. The present case thus emphasizes that pulmonary embolism can mimic acute severe asthma.
Polarized activities of AMPK and BRSK in primary hippocampal neurons (2015)

5'-Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a master metabolic regulator that has been shown to inhibit the establishment of neuronal polarity/axogenesis under energy stress conditions, whereas brain-specific kinase (BRSK) promotes the establishment of axon-dendrite polarity and synaptic development. However, little information exists regarding the localized activity and regulation of these kinases in developing neurons. In this study, using a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based activity reporter that responds to both AMPK and BRSK, we found that BRSK activity is elevated in the distal region of axons in polarized hippocampal neurons before any stimulation and does not respond to either Ca(2+) or 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) stimulation. In contrast, AMPK activity is stimulated by either Ca(2+) or 2-DG in the soma, dendrites, and axons of hippocampal neurons, with maximal stimulated activity observed in the distal region of the axon. Our study shows that the activities of both AMPK and BRSK are polarized in developing hippocampal neurons, with high levels in the distal region of extended axons.
Electrochemical Aspects of Surface/solution Interactions in Scale Initiation and Growth (1998)

Abstract An electrochemically-based technique, which uses assessment of the oxygen reduction reaction at a Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE), has been devised which shows promise as a method for studying nucleation and growth of scale at a solid surface. In this paper results are presented which illustrate the good correlation between the surface coverage predicted by electrochemical analysis and the actual coverage quantified by image analysis. Preliminary results in the presence of 1 ppm polyacrylic acid inhibitor have indicated that, in inhibited solution, the new technique is valid for prediction of surface coverage. The potential of this technique for mechanistic studies of surface scaling and for assessment of inhibitors is discussed.
Spastic Paraplegia Type 7 Is Associated with Multiple Mitochondrial DNA Deletions (2014)

Spastic paraplegia 7 is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding paraplegin, a protein located at the inner mitochondrial membrane and involved in the processing of other mitochondrial proteins. The mechanism whereby paraplegin mutations cause disease is unknown. We studied two female and two male adult patients from two Norwegian families with a combination of progressive external ophthalmoplegia and spastic paraplegia. Sequencing of SPG7 revealed a novel missense mutation, c.2102A>C, p.H 701P, which was homozygous in one family and compound heterozygous in trans with a known pathogenic mutation c.1454_1462del in the other. Muscle was examined from an additional, unrelated adult female patient with a similar phenotype caused by a homozygous c.1047insC mutation in SPG7. Immunohistochemical studies in skeletal muscle showed mosaic deficiency predominantly affecting respiratory complex I, but also complexes III and IV. Molecular studies in single, microdissected fibres showed multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions segregating at high levels (38-97%) in respiratory deficient fibres. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that paraplegin mutations cause accumulation of mitochondrial DNA damage and multiple respiratory chain deficiencies. While paraplegin is not known to be directly associated with the mitochondrial nucleoid, it is known to process other mitochondrial proteins and it is possible therefore that paraplegin mutations lead to mitochondrial DNA deletions by impairing proteins involved in the homeostasis of the mitochondrial genome. These studies increase our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of SPG7 mutations and suggest that SPG7 testing should be included in the diagnostic workup of autosomal recessive, progressive external ophthalmoplegia, especially if spasticity is present.
Intensive care unit utilization after esophagectomy (2007)

At our institution, postesophagectomy patients are usually managed in a progressive care unit with ICU admission reserved for those of high acuity. We hypothesized that ICU admission after esophagectomy is predictable and associated with high mortality.
Detecting Android malware using sequences of system calls (2015)

The increasing diffusion of smart devices, along with the dynamism of the mobile applications ecosystem, are boosting the production of malware for the Android platform. So far, many different methods have been developed for detecting Android malware, based on either static or dynamic analysis. The main limitations of existing methods include: low accuracy, proneness to evasion techniques, and weak validation, often limited to emulators or modified kernels. We propose an Android malware detection method, based on sequences of system calls, that overcomes these limitations. The assumption is that malicious behaviors (e.g., sending high premium rate SMS, cyphering data for ransom, botnet capabilities, and so on) are implemented by specific system calls sequences: yet, no apriori knowledge is available about which sequences are associated with which malicious behaviors, in particular in the mobile applications ecosystem where new malware and non-malware applications continuously arise. Hence, we use Machine Learning to automatically learn these associations (a sort of "fingerprint" of the malware); then we exploit them to actually detect malware. Experimentation on 20000 execution traces of 2000 applications (1000 of them being malware belonging to different malware families), performed on a real device, shows promising results: we obtain a detection accuracy of 97%. Moreover, we show that the proposed method can cope with the dynamism of the mobile apps ecosystem, since it can detect unknown malware.
Efficient Population of Structured Data Forms for Medical Records Using Syntactic Constraints and Intermediate Text (2016)

This poster presents an innovative user-support method for structured data entry that resulted from working with a large patient registry reporting group in a leading hospital, tasked with efficient electronic medical record discretization. It is a method of using syntactic constraints on various fields during web-forms coding, to auto-select the fields where values belong, this allows coders to spend more time looking at the clinical narrative documentation and less time attending to the mouse, the browser, and field-selection on the data entry pages. The method is to meta-program a "floating text box" for intermediate, semi-structured notes, with behavior specific to the choices on that page. It bridges the gap between abbreviations, which are easy, and datamining natural language text, which is hard. The ideas can be generalized to auto-filling forms and semi-autonomous forms filling beyond the medical domain.
The role of gas in ultrasonically driven vapor bubble growth (2013)

In this paper we study both experimentally and theoretically the dynamics of an ultrasound-driven vapor bubble of perfluoropentane (PFP) inside a droplet of the same liquid, immersed in a water medium superheated with respect to the PFP boiling point. We determine the temporal evolution of the bubble radius with ultra-high speed imaging at 20 million frames per second. In addition, we model the vapor-gas bubble dynamics, based on a Rayleigh-Plesset-type equation, including thermal and gas diffusion inside the liquid. We compare the numerical results with the experimental data and find good agreement. We underline the fundamental role of gas diffusion in order to prevent total recondensation of the bubble at collapse.
l‐DNA Duplex Formation as a Bioorthogonal Information Channel in Nucleic Acid‐Based Surface Patterning (2020)

Photolithographic in situ synthesis of nucleic acids enables extremely high oligonucleotide sequence density as well as complex surface patterning and combined spatial and molecular information encoding. No longer limited to DNA synthesis, the technique allows for total control of both chemical and Cartesian space organization on surfaces, suggesting that hybridization patterns can be used to encode, display or encrypt informative signals on multiple chemically orthogonal levels. Nevertheless, cross-hybridization reduces the available sequence space and limits information density. Here we introduce an additional, fully independent information channel in surface patterning with in situ l-DNA synthesis. The bioorthogonality of mirror-image DNA duplex formation prevents both cross-hybridization on chimeric l-/d-DNA microarrays and also results in enzymatic orthogonality, such as nuclease-proof DNA-based signatures on the surface. We show how chimeric l-/d-DNA hybridization can be used to create informative surface patterns including QR codes, highly counterfeiting resistant authenticity watermarks, and concealed messages within high-density d-DNA microarrays.
Wireless system for the continuous observation of whole-body vibration in heavy machinery (2013)

Several occupational groups are exposed to substantial amounts of vibration daily due to normal working routines, like operating heavy equipment or driving vehicles on uneven surfaces. Vibration that affects the whole human body and is transferred to the body through supporting systems such as the seat or floor is defined as whole-body vibration (WBV). Studies have shown that longterm exposure to WBV creates adverse health effects, of which lower back pain is the most common. Such symptoms may affect a person's quality of life or even cause incapacitation. Even though a correlation between health problems and long-term WBV exposure is evident, mechanisms behind the symptoms have remained unexplained. This paper presents a novel approach to the continuous observation of WBV in heavy machinery. The key elements of the approach are the incorporation of a measurement system into heavy machinery, enhanced comfort, ease of use, and cost-effectiveness. Small alternative sensor devices that improve comfort with respect to the standardized method were investigated in wired and wireless form. Wireless data transmission was then utilized to provide effortless and cost-effective data acquisition from the machinery to the remote server. The system was able to execute the calculations, transfer the resulting parameters to a remote server where information about predominant vibration conditions could be accessed instantaneously, and acquire and store raw acceleration data for further research.
Adjuvant Immunotherapy Increases β Cell Regenerative Factor Reg2 in the Pancreas of Diabetic Mice (2010)

Insulin-producing β cells can partially regenerate in adult pancreatic tissues, both in human and animal models of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Previous studies have shown that treatment with mycobacterial adjuvants such as CFA and bacillus Calmette-Guérin prevents induction and recurrence of T1D in NOD mice with partial recovery of β cell mass. In this study, we investigated factors involved in the regeneration of β cells in the pancreas of NOD mice during diabetes development and after treatment with adjuvants. The Regeneration (Reg) gene family is known to be involved in regeneration of various tissues including β cells. Reg2 expression was found to be upregulated in pancreatic islets both during diabetes development and as a result of adjuvant treatment in diabetic NOD mice and in C57BL/6 mice made diabetic by streptozotocin treatment. The upregulation of Reg2 by adjuvant treatment was independent of signaling through MyD88 and IL-6 because it was not altered in MyD88 or IL-6 knockout mice. We also observed upregulation of Reg2 in the pancreas of diabetic mice undergoing β cell regenerative therapy with exendin-4 or with islet neogenesis-associated protein. Reg2 expression following adjuvant treatment correlated with a reduction in insulitis, an increase in insulin secretion, and an increase in the number of small islets in the pancreas of diabetic NOD mice and with improved glucose tolerance tests in streptozotocin-treated diabetic C57BL/6 mice. In conclusion, adjuvant immunotherapy regulates T1D in diabetic mice and induces Reg2-mediated regeneration of β cells.
Antithrombotic Therapy after Heart Valve Replacement (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction and historical perspective Nomenclature and definitions Incidence, natural history and prognosis Pathophysiology Antithrombotic therapy Conclusion References
Race/Ethnicity, Sex, and Socioeconomic Status as Predictors of Outcome After Surgery for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (2006)

Our data suggest that although sex appears to play a role in the outcomes of surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy, race and socioeconomic status do not.
Feedforward hysteresis compensation in trajectory control of piezoelectrically-driven nanostagers (2006)

Complex structural nonlinearities of piezoelectric materials drastically degrade their performance in variety of micro- and nano-positioning applications. From the precision positioning and control perspective, the multi-path time-history dependent hysteresis phenomenon is the most concerned nonlinearity in piezoelectric actuators to be analyzed. To realize the underlying physics of this phenomenon and to develop an efficient compensation strategy, the intelligent properties of hysteresis with the effects of non-local memories are discussed. Through performing a set of experiments on a piezoelectrically-driven nanostager with high resolution capacitive position sensor, it is shown that for the precise prediction of hysteresis path, certain memory units are required to store the previous hysteresis trajectory data. Based on the experimental observations, a constitutive memory-based mathematical modeling framework is developed and trained for the precise prediction of hysteresis path for arbitrarily assigned input profiles. Using the inverse hysteresis model, a feedforward control strategy is then developed and implemented on the nanostager to compensate for the system everpresent nonlinearity. Experimental results demonstrate that the controller remarkably eliminates the nonlinear effect if memory units are sufficiently chosen for the inverse model.
Highly Diastereoselective Intramolecular Diels—Alder Reaction of Chiral Silatrienes. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Laser desorption ionization and MALDI time-of-flight mass spectrometry for low molecular mass polyethylene analysis (2001)

Polyethylene's inert nature and difficulty to dissolve in conventional solvents at room temperature present special problems for sample preparation and ionization in mass spectrometric analysis. We present a study of ionization behavior of several polyethylene samples with molecular masses up to 4000 Da in laser desorption ionization (LDI) time-of-flight mass spectrometers equipped with a 337 nm laser beam. We demonstrate unequivocally that silver or copper ion attachment to saturated polyethylene can occur in the gas phase during the UV LDI process. In LDI spectra of polyethylene with molecular masses above approximately 1000 Da, low mass ions corresponding to metal-alkene structures are observed in addition to the principal distribution. By interrogating a well-characterized polyethylene sample and a long chain alkane, C94H190, these low mass ions are determined to be the fragmentation products of the intact metal-polyethylene adduct ions. It is further illustrated that fragmentation can be reduced by adding matrix molecules to the sample preparation.
Enkephalin-Like Material Elevated in Ventricular Cerebrospinal Fluid of Pain Patients After Analgetic Focal Stimulation (1978)

Enkephalin-like activity has been measured in the ventricular cerebrospinal fluid of patients with intractable pain. Electrical stimulation of periventricular brain sites resulted in significant decrease in persistent pain in these subjects. This analgesia, which was blocked by naloxone in 80% of the cases, was accompanied by a significant rise in ventricular enkephalin-like activity, as measured by two different methods. The results present evidence of in vivo release of enkephalin-like material in humans and suggest that stimulation analgesia may be partially due to this release.
310 Micro-sacrificial Plastic-mold Insert Metal Powder Injection Molding using Ultra-precision Forming Technologies (2007)

Micro -saerificial Plastic -mold insert Metal Powder inject