gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
0264 Sleepiness in cognitively unimpaired older adults is associated with CSF biomarkers of inflammation and axonal integrity (2022)

Abstract Introduction We have previously shown that older adults with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) appear to be more vulnerable to longitudinal amyloid PET accumulation before the onset of the dementia. It remains unclear whether this vulnerability is specific to amyloid or extends to other biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease pathology, or axonal integrity and inflammation, which can also contribute to neurodegeneration and cognitive changes. Methods For this cross-sectional analysis, we identified 260 cognitively unimpaired adults (&amp;gt;60 years old) without neurologic disorder who underwent CSF quantification of AD biomarkers (CSF Aβ-42, p-tau181, p-tau217) along with at least one other biomarker of interest (neurofilament light chain [NfL], IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α) from the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging – a longitudinal population-based cohort in Olmsted County, Minnesota. CSF biomarkers were available in 251-260 individuals, depending on the biomarker. We fit linear regression models to assess whether the CSF biomarkers were associated with sleepiness as measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), after controlling for age, sex, APOE4 genotype, BMI, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and OSA diagnosis (by chart review). Results Higher ESS scores were independently associated with higher CSF IL-6 and NfL, but not with the other biomarkers in the whole sample. For every single-point increase in the ESS score, there was a .008 ([95% CI .001-.016], p=0.033) increase in the log of IL-6 and .01 ([95% CI .002-.018], p=0.016) increase in the log of NfL. A sensitivity analysis showed a correlation between ESS scores and log of p-tau/Aβ-42 ratio only in participants with abnormal ratio (&amp;gt;0.023), after controlling for APOE4 (partial r=.27, p=039). Conclusion Our results corroborate previous literature suggesting that higher inflammatory milieu reflected by increased CSF IL-6 is associated with sleepiness. The association between NfL and sleepiness suggests that sleepiness may be related to disturbed connectivity due to axonal damage. Alternatively, NfL may be a surrogate of active axonal injury associated with more disrupted sleep. A correlation between sleepiness and CSF p-tau/ab-42 ratio was only seen in patients with abnormal ratio, suggesting a stronger association between sleepiness and AD pathology as the disease progresses, possibly because AD pathology worsens sleep quality and/or vice-versa. Support (If Any) NIH/NIA
采用反相方法测试台架测定3．3kV IGCT的特性 (2004)

采用反相方法测试台架在实际工作条件下，对ABB公司提供的实验性3．3kV IGCT进行了特性测定.这种器件在硬开关运行下的导通损耗非常小，开关损耗也降低了.这就表明一种新型大功率/中电压半导体器件已经问世，它们可以用于较高开天频率(超过1kHz)和大电流工况，以改善大功率变换器的性能.
Computationally efficient method to compare the shape of planar Gaussian mixtures from point samples (2012)

We discuss the problem of recognizing the shape of planar objects consisting of "blobs" that can be modeled as Gaussian mixture densities. We describe an empirical comparison method, assuming a large number of independent samples are given for each distribution. Instead of comparing the Gaussian mixtures directly, we compare the underlying distribution of distances of each mixture. Since distances are invariant under rotations and translations, this provides a workaround to the problem of aligning the objects before comparing them-thus speeding the comparison process. We prove that the distribution of distances is a lossless representation of the shape of generic Gaussian mixtures. Our numerical experiments indicate that, when all the components of the Gaussian mixtures are equally weighted and have the same standard deviation matrix, the proposed method is no less accurate than methods that compare the planar mixtures directly. The extension of our method to the problem of recognizing halftone patterns is briefly discussed.
Noncanonical Vancomycin Resistance Cluster from Desulfitobacterium hafniense Y51 (2009)

The glycopeptide vancomycin is a drug of last resort for infection with gram-positive organisms, and three genes are vital to resistance: vanH, vanA, and vanX. These genes are found in a vanHAX cluster, which is conserved across pathogenic bacteria, glycopeptide antibiotic producers, and other environmental bacteria. The genome sequence of the anaerobic, gram-positive, dehalogenating bacterium Desulfitobacterium hafniense Y51 revealed a predicted vanA homolog; however, it exists in a vanAWK-murFX cluster, unlike those of other vancomycin-resistant organisms. Using purified recombinant VanA from D. hafniense Y51, we determined its substrate specificity and found it to have a 42-fold preference for D-lactate over D-alanine, confirming its activity as a D-Ala-D-Lac ligase and its annotation as VanA. Furthermore, we showed that D. hafniense Y51 is highly resistant to vancomycin, with a MIC for growth of 64 microg/ml. Finally, vanA(Dh) is expressed during growth in vancomycin, as demonstrated by reverse transcription-PCR. This finding represents a new glycopeptide antibiotic resistance gene cluster and expands the genetic diversity of resistance to this important class of antibiotic.
The Derotating Effect of the Boston Brace (1981)

The derotating effect of the Boston brace on the apical vertebra has been investigated in 33 patients with idiopathic scoliosis. The rotatory angle was studied both by computer tomography and by the method of Nash and Moe as modified by Nordvall. The results obtained by the two methods are compared. The correction of the Cobb angle was 54%, and the correction of the rotatory angle measured by computer tomography was 38%.
Cholinergic innervation of the human striatum, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra, and red nucleus (1992)

The anatomical organization of cholinergic markers such as acetylcholinesterase, choline acetyltransferase, and nerve growth factor receptors was investigated in the basal ganglia of the human brain. The distribution of choline acetyltransferase-immunoreactive axons and varicosities and their relationship to regional perikarya showed that the caudate, putamen, nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle, globus pallidus, substantia nigra, red nucleus, and subthalamic nucleus of the human brain receive widespread cholinergic innervation. Components of the striatum (i.e., the putamen, caudate, olfactory tubercle, and nucleus accumbens) displayed the highest density of cholinergic varicosities. The next highest density of cholinergic innervation was detected in the red nucleus and subthalamic nucleus. The level of cholinergic innervation was of intermediate density in the globus pallidus and the ventral tegmental area and low in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra. Immunoreactivity for nerve growth factor receptors (NGFr) was confined to the cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain and their processes. Axonal immunoreactivity for NGFr was therefore used as a marker for cholinergic projections originating from the basal forebrain (Woolf et al., '89: Neuroscience 30:143-152). Although the vast majority of striatal cholinergic innervation was NGFr-negative and, therefore, intrinsic, the striatum also contained NGFr-positive axons, indicating the existence of an additional cholinergic input from the basal forebrain. This basal forebrain cholinergic innervation was more pronounced in the putamen than in the caudate. The distribution of NGFr-positive axons suggested that the basal forebrain may also project to the globus pallidus but probably not to the subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra, or red nucleus. The great majority of cholinergic innervation to these latter three structures and to parts of the globus pallidus appeared to come from cholinergic neurons outside the basal forebrain, most of which are probably located in the upper brainstem. These observations indicate that cholinergic neurotransmission originating from multiple sources is likely to play an important role in the diverse motor and behavioral affiliations that have been attributed to the human basal ganglia.
Levels, Distribution, and Health Risk of Phthalate Esters in Urban Soils of Beijing, China (2011)

The content of phthalate esters (PAEs) was investigated in urban soil samples ( = 127, 0-20 cm) collected from a business area (BU), classical garden (CL), culture and educational area (CU), large public green space (LA), residential area (RE), and roadside area (RO) in Beijing. The sum of all PAE contents ranged from 1.9 to 3141.7 ng/g, with an average of 1139.6 ± 727.6 ng/g. Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the major contaminants in the soil samples. The content of DEHP and DBP in the urban soil of Beijing showed decreasing trends from the center of the city to the suburbs, which was probably because the center of the city has a longer history. In addition, higher DBP content also occurred in the south of the city, which was caused by the existence of several factories that produce commodity chemical and building materials in these areas. Because of its greater age, less disturbance from human activity, and high levels of total organic carbon and black carbon in CL, PAE content in CL was the highest among the six types of land use, followed by RE, CU, BU, LA, and RO. Although in 82.6% of the soil samples, DBP content exceeded the recommended allowable soil content in New York, USA, health risk assessment with CalTOX and Monte Carlo analysis showed that the total cancer risk values of PAEs were lower than the acceptable cancer risk value (10(-4)) and that the risk mainly came from dermal uptake and inhalation exposure pathways.
From Access Management System (AMS) to a Ubiquitous Access Management System (UbAMS), over Federated Access Management System (FAMS) (2011)

The increasing needs for updated information and collaborations around the world initiates the need to integrate Access Management Systems (AMS) with each other. The integration of AMS developed the concept of Federated Access Management Systems (FAMS). However, even this development was not able to cease the need for maintaining multiple accounts, it could only reduce the need. Moreover, the existing AMS and FAMS do not provide the security and privacy desired, these systems tend to have trust, identification and biased services issues related to them. Along with these performance issues, a lack of personalisation, usability and accessibility issues also reside. Furthermore, following extensive analysis of the current systems, a new term has been invented for an innovative system which will address all the limitations and constraints of AMS and FAMS -- Ubiquitous Access Management Systems (UbAMS). UbAMS will provide users with access to their web accounts and services from any access management system, rather than providing access to a specific set of systems. It will also provide personalisation features, alongside compliance with accessibility and usability standards.
Origin and Inheritance of Dwarfing by the Citrus Rootstock Poncirus trifoliata `Flying Dragon' (1995)

`Flying Dragon' Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf. is a dwarfing rootstock for citrus. Inheritance of dwarfing ability was studied in a population of open-pollinated seedlings of `Flying Dragon'. Molecular marker genotypes suggest that all seedlings originated from selfing. Progeny seedlings were budded with `Cutter Valencia' orange and planted in the field to evaluate the dwarfing effect of the seedling rootstock. At 5 years after planting, rankit analysis of the frequency distributions of trunk cross-sectional area and canopy volume suggested the presence of two overlapping distributions of 34 dwarf trees and 7 nondwarf. This ratio is consistent with inheritance of rootstock dwarfing as a single dominant gene for which `Flying Dragon' is heterozygous. Two morphological characteristics of `Flying Dragon', curved thorns and twisted trunk growth, were closely linked to, or pleiotropic effects of, the dwarfing gene. Bulked segregant analysis was used to identify three RAPD markers linked to the dwarfing gene. `Flying Dragon' was identical to nondwarfing cultivars of trifoliate orange at 40 homozygous and heterozygous isozyme and RFLP markers; therefore, it is likely that `Flying Dragon' originated as a mutant of a nondwarfing genotype and has not undergone sexual recombination since this event.
Instrumental Learning of Vasomotor Responses by Rats: Learning to Respond Differentially in the Two Ears (1968)

Curarized and artificially respirated rats were rewarded by electrical stimulation of the brain for changes in the balance of vasomotor activity between the two ears. They learned vasomotor responses in one ear that were independent of those in the other ear, in either forepaw, or in the tail, or of changes in heart rate or temperature. In addition to implications for learning theory and psychosomatic medicine, these results indicate a greater specificity of action in the sympathetic nervous system than is usually attributed to it.
Human-Agent Teamwork and Adjustable Autonomy in Practice (2021)

This paper outlines a preliminary perspective on teamwork and adjustable autonomy in groups involving a mix of humans and autonomous agents. Unlike other approaches to agent teamwork, a humancentered perspective to human-agent interaction is used. The paper describes how we are integrating the Brahms and KAoS agent frameworks in order to model and simulate realistic work situations in space and to support the design of robotic and software agents for human-agent teamwork.<br>Presented at the 7th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Automation in Space: i-SAIRAS 2003, Nara, Japan, May 19-23, 2003
Surgical Repair of Post Myocardial Infarction Ventricular Septal Rupture: Experience at a Tertiary Care Hospital (2015)

In recent years, transcatheter aortic valve implantation has become an emerging alternative for high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis. We report a case of transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the self-expanding Medtronic CoreValve bioprosthesis through a left common carotid artery. This 83-year-old male patient presented with heart failure due to a severe degenerative aortic bioprosthesis, with several comorbidities, resulting in a logistic EuroScore II of 36%. Consequently, he was rejected to undergo surgery and a transcatheter approach was planned. And due to severe peripheral vascular disease with iliofemoral lesions, significant calcifications of the innominate artery, we considered a left carotid access through a prosthesis carotid in Dacron. The procedure was successful without cardiac, cerebrovascular, or access complications. And it appears to be a valuable alternative access for patients with severe peripheral vascular disease.
Reducing Bit Writes in Non-volatile Main Memory by Similarity-aware Compression (2020)

Various applications use image bitmaps (data containing pixels) in main memory for fast accesses, thereby leading to lots of memory consumption. Unlike legacy DRAM, nonvolatile memories (NVMs) have larger capacity. However, NVM writes consume higher energy and latency compared with reads. Existing data compression schemes leverage precise general-purpose data patterns or precision scaling to reduce data sizes, which suffer from limited compression performance for bitmaps due to large variance or serious quality loss. By exploiting the pixel-level similarity due to the analogous contents in adjacent pixels, we propose SimCom, an approximate Similarity-aware Compression scheme, to compress the write accesses to bitmaps in NVMs, thus efficiently improving the memory performance for image/video applications. SimCom reduces the data size by compressing data into base words and runs. The storage costs for small runs are further mitigated by reusing the least significant bits of base words. The adaptive compression scheme handles various data formats without user annotations on data types. Our experimental results with real-world image/video workloads demonstrate the efficacy and efficiency of SimCom.
The Role of the Endoplasmic Reticulum in Protein Synthesis, Modification and Intracellular Transport (1993)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the port of entry of the protein secretory pathway. Proteins destined for the cell wall, the vacuole or for the other compartments of the endomembrane system are first inserted into the ER and then transported to the Golgi complex en route to their final destinations. The ER is the compartment where newly-synthesized polypeptides fold, where many multimeric proteins assemble and where glycoproteins acquire their asparagine-linked glycans. The ER also provides a protein quality control function and proteins are usually retained in this compartment until they have acquired their correct conformation. The ER-located processes are catalysed by membrane-associated or soluble proteins whose accumulation in the ER is due to specific sorting signals, allowing their separation from proteins destined to more distal locations in the endomembrane system. In the seeds of some plants, the ER is also the site of aggregation and accumulation of some classes of storage proteins. Consistent progress has been made in recent years towards the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms governing these events, and plant biology is making a contribution to the understanding of ER-located events conserved among all eukaryotic organisms.
Management of Clinically and Mammographically Occult Benign Papillary Lesions Diagnosed at Ultrasound‐Guided 14‐Gauge Breast Core Needle Biopsy (2016)

Uniform surgical excision is not a reasonable management strategy for clinically and mammographically occult benign papillary lesions diagnosed at US-guided 14-gauge breast CNB. Clinically and mammographically occult benign papillary lesions may be subsequently managed by vacuum-assisted removal or imaging follow-up if atypia is not found.
Eenvoudig of complexe gebouwsimulatie: wat is beter? (2006)

Gebouwsimulatie is al in ontwikkeling sinds het begin van de jaren 70 [20]. De gebruikte modellen en oplossingstechnieken zijn sindsdien aanzienlijk verbeterd. De nu beschikbare rekencapaciteit, algoritmes en fysische gegevens maken het mogelijk om processen te simuleren op detailniveau en binnen tijdsbestekken die voorheen niet denkbaar waren. Hierdoor kan een indrukwekkend scala van gebouwprestaties worden voorspeld [1, 13, 18].\nDaar is echter wel een groot aantal afzonderlijke programma’s voor nodig. De praktijk zou uiteraard liever een geïntegreerde computerondersteunde ontwerpomgeving hebben. Het is ook behoorlijk lastig om een goede kwaliteit van de voorspellingen te waarborgen. In het navolgende wordt eerst ingegaan op waarom dit zo is. Daarna wordt dieper ingegaan op een methodologie voor kwaliteitsbewaking van luchtstroming simulatie.
New antihypertensive agents. I. Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of some 4-piperidylbenzimidazolinone derivatives. (1982)

A series of 4-piperidylbenzimidazolinones, of formula I, has been synthesized. Selective syntheses of erythro and threo isomers of α-alkyl phenylethanolamines were investigated. Most members of the series have been shown to have antihypertensive effects in various animal models. Compounds 27 and 31 (threo isomers) showed the strongest hypotensive activities in the present screening series.
Epilepsy surgery. (1996)

Surgical therapy of epilepsy, although still underutilized, is presently well accepted and performed world-wide with increasing frequency. In the last decade the following changes have been noticed: non-invasive pre-surgical evaluation is increasingly carried out in close collaboration with referring centres so that often no (or only a very short) hospitalization is necessary in highly specialized epilepsy centres for this purpose. Stereoelectro-encephalography (SEEG) is used less often in invasive evaluation while the subdural strip and grid electrode-techniques are used more often. There is a general trend for a more flexible and collaborative multidisciplinary and multi-method approach utilizing the whole spectrum of modern diagnostic facilities in a more patient-oriented and therefore more cost-effective way. The main objective of the pre-surgical evaluation is to determine the onset area of the patient's spontaneous habitual seizures. The primary epileptogenic zone is not necessarily synonymous with the so-called lesional zone, although in the great majority of patients they are related. In a small percentage of candidates for epilepsy surgery additional special examinations are necessary to prevent and/or predict the degree of post-operative deficits. At present selective Amytal tests are often used but these invasive procedures might be replaced in the future by functional PET and functional MR studies. Surgery in patients with epilepsy can be categorized into: (i) lesion-oriented surgery (lesionectomy sensu stricto), (ii) epilepsy-oriented lesional surgery, (iii) surgery for epilepsy sensu stricto. Surgery is performed with a 'curative (= causal)' or a 'palliative' intention. Furthermore surgery can be categorized into standardized epilepsy surgery (such as anterior temporal lobe resection, selective amygdalohippeocampectomy, anterior callosotomy); and individually tailored surgical interventions. It is obvious that also so-called standardized operations are tailored to some degree, usually based on pre-operative findings as well as on intraoperative corticography and/or other intra-operative neurophysiological tests (functional mapping). Individually tailored operations comprise smaller topectomies and larger resections. Surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy still prevails. For mesial temporal lobe epilepsy more selective operations, such as the selective amygdalohippocampectomy, are increasingly performed. Today the majority of patients suffering from this syndrome can be evaluated non-invasively (or 'semi-invasively' with the foramen ovale electrode technique) in combination with MRI (including volumetry of the hippocampus) and PET or SPECT. In general one has the impression that extratemporal resections without a lesion are performed less often. But, if a morphological abnormality is present, pre-surgical evaluation (using grids), and surgery making use of 'functional mapping' are increasingly offered from more and more centres. Anterior callosal sections and functional hemispherectomies have also witnessed a renaissance. The most important standardized operations are reviewed.