gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Control of Numerical Dispersion in Streamline-Based Simulations of Augmented Waterflooding (2013)

Summary Augmented waterflooding is when a component is coinjected with water to modify the fractional-flow curve. Examples include polymer flooding, surfactant injection, low-salinity waterflooding, and carbonated-water injection (including applications related to carbon dioxide storage). The numerical simulation of these processes is a challenge for several reasons: The appropriate physical behavior needs to be incorporated consistently into empirical models of the fractional flow, whereas the solutions should minimize numerical dispersion, allowing the correct and accurate tracking of compositional variations. Lower-order numerical simulations of these processes give excessive front smearing, requiring many thousands of gridblocks in one dimension to resolve the fronts adequately, rendering the predictions from 3D simulations dubious at best. These erroneous predictions are not caused by phase dispersion (the improper prediction of water velocity)—as in black-oil simulation, in which the effect is less significant—but occur because of the coupling of compositional dispersion with fractional flow. Small errors in composition alter the fractional flow, causing the development of incorrect wavespeeds. The same effect is also seen in compositional simulation of gas injection. We propose a simple method for streamline-based simulations that substantially reduces numerical dispersion. The method is rooted in the assumption of segregated flow within a gridblock. After comparing numerical and analytical results in one dimension, we implement the method into a 3D streamline-based simulator of polymer flooding that also incorporates a physically based model of the fluid rheology. We demonstrate that traditional simulation methods can vastly overestimate recovery, potentially leading to poor injection design and management decisions. We demonstrate the utility of our approach by suggesting optimal strategies for the design of polymer injection on the basis of our improved simulation technique.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Marine Sponge <i>Cribrochalina vasculum</i> Compounds Activate Intrinsic Apoptotic Signaling and Inhibit Growth Factor Signaling Cascades in Non–Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Materials and Methods and Supplementary Figure Legend&lt;/p&gt;
Emerging Scholarship in Nursing History (2004)

These are dynamic times for nursing history in Canada, as this special issue of the Canadian Bulletin of Medical History demonstrates. Twenty years ago, scholars sought to create one professional identity and one homogenous historical story while current historians of nursing understand that profession to be more diverse and more complex. Emerging scholarship situates itself increasingly within mainstream histories and the subfield of women's history. The articles and book reviews represent a wide range of research interests and approaches, as well as regions outside of Ontario and central Canada. They reveal increasing diversity of primary sources, increasing use of analytical concepts, and fascinating new directions for analyzing practice as authors address questions such as: Who could legitimately claim to be a nurse, what is nursing practice, and what is health care? While these trends are encouraging, significant gaps remain in nursing historiography, and nursing practice continues to be ignored or marginalized with the wider body of health care historiography.
Effective Elastic Thickness Map Reveals Subglacial Structure of East Antarctica (2021)

Abstract East Antarctica is the least well‐exposed Precambrian shield on Earth. What is known, or surmised, of its geological structure comes from extrapolation over large distances and from geophysics. Here, we present a map of effective elastic thickness, T e , computed from Antarctic bedrock topography and both terrestrial and satellite gravity data. T e is directly related to lithospheric strength and can distinguish domains of differing tectonic history. Our map reveals a broad region of high T e in Wilkes Land, interpreted as a craton, while elsewhere a corridor of low T e meanders between areas of higher T e . The low‐ T e belt follows the trend of prominent linear magnetic anomalies identified in the Gamburtsev and Dronning Maud Land provinces, two of which have previously been identified as possible Grenville or Pan‐African age sutures.
A ketogenic supplement improves white matter energy supply and processing speed in mild cognitive impairment (2021)

Abstract INTRODUCTION White matter (WM) energy supply is crucial for axonal function and myelin maintenance. Providing ketones, the brain’s alternative fuel to glucose, is a therapeutic strategy to bypass the brain’s glucose-specific energy deficit in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). How an additional supply of ketones affects glucose or ketone uptake in specific WM fascicles in MCI has not previously been described. METHODS This 6-month interventional study included MCI participants randomized to a placebo ( n = 16) or ketogenic medium chain triglyceride (kMCT; n = 17) drink. A neurocognitive battery and brain imaging were performed pre- and post-intervention. WM fascicle uptake of ketone and glucose and structural properties were assessed using positron emission tomography and diffusion imaging, respectively. RESULTS Ketone uptake was increased by 2.5 to 3.2-fold in nine fascicles of interest ( P &lt; 0.001) only in the kMCT group, an effect seen both in deep WM and in fascicle cortical endpoints. Improvement in processing speed was associated with WM ketone uptake globally and in individual fascicles, most importantly the fornix ( r = +0.61; P = 0.014). DISCUSSION A 6-month ketogenic supplementation in MCI improved WM energy supply globally. The significant positive association with processing speed suggests that ketones may have a role in myelin integrity in MCI.
How some Scandinavian mills get higher fuel value from bark (1980)

The base for energy production in the pulp mills is generally combustion of black liquor and bark with combustion efficiency normally in the range 70-80%. It has been shown by development of an advanced system that pulverized wood fiber fuel at low moisture content (10-15%) can be combusted at an efficiency of 90-91% on a continuous basis and the burners can be adjusted to the actual steam consumption in the mill. The combination of drying and increased efficiency using pulverized fuel burners can increase energy production by 40-45% using the same available amount of fuel compared to conventional systems in use. Two different systems for drying the wood fiber are discussed as well as the possibility of substituting the oil in the lime kilns with wood fiber fuel.
Erythromycin and early enteral nutrition in mechanically ventilated patients* (2002)

In critically ill patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation, erythromycin promotes gastric emptying and improves the chances of successful early enteral nutrition.
CLINICAL-EPIDEMIOLOGIC FINDINGS IN CORYZAVIRUS INFECTIONS. (1963)

My colleagues (1-5) and I have recently recorded the isolation of 20 distinct serotypes of coryzavirus from cases of acute respiratory illnesses among children and adults. It was shown also that there is a basis for including ECHO virus type 28, the rhinoviruses, and the coryzaviruses in a single group which we have designated the ERe agents (2, 5). Recently (3), we carried out a clinical-epidemiologic study of 20 adults and 15 children gous isolate. Additionally, none of the patients had positive serodiagnostic reactions for influenza AI, A2, B, or C, parainfluenza 1, 2,'or 3, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, or reovirus infection (3, 4). It may be seen in table 13 that coryzavirus infection was detected among the children during six of the eight months from October, 1959, through May, 1960. Nine different coryzavirus types were isolated, and the distribution of the
Initiation of convection and the microphysical properties of clouds in orographic terrain: AMF + COPS (2007)

Volker Wulfmeyer and Andreas Behrendt, Institute of Physics and Meteorology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Susanne Crewell, Meteorological Institute, University of Munich, Germany Richard Ferrare, NASA Langley Research Center, USA Jost Heintzenberg, Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany Anthony Illingworth, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, UK Alexander Khain and Mark Pinsky, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel Christoph Kottmeier, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Research Center, Germany Ulrike Lohmann, Swiss Federal Institute for Technology, Zurich, Switzerland Herman Russchenberg, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands David D. Turner, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, USA Ed Westwater, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
Online and Proactive Vehicle Rerouting with Uppaal Stratego (2021)

Modern navigation systems warn the user of traffic jams ahead and suggest alternative routes. However, a lemming effect can cause the alternative routes also to become congested, as the system suggests the same route to all users. As such, in an attempt to optimize for the individual driver, the welfare of the traffic network is punished. In this paper we introduce an online and proactive method for collective rerouting recommendations based on real-time data and stochastic optimization. Our system periodically monitors the status of the network to identify potentially congested roads together with vehicles affected by them. The system then uses Uppaal Stratego to perform machine learning and approximate the best rerouting scenarios. As a proof of concept, we build a SUMO model of a representative traffic network. We perform exhaustive experiments considering different traffic loads and different traffic light controllers. Our results are promising, showing considerable improvement in travel times, queue lengths, and CO 2 emissions.
Resolution of Integer Ambiguity in GPS Attitude Determination (2011)

In order to resolve the carrier phase ambiguity in attitude determination, a new approach is proposed and discussed. A method for static baseline vector estimation is derivate based on the epoch-difference carrier phase and a receiver clock bias model. By using the estimated baseline vector, a float solution of ambiguity is computed. The range of potential integer ambiguity can be obtained with the error of estimated baseline. The implemented algorithm is tested with measurement data collected on static baselines. Experimental results indicate that, the integer ambiguity can be accurately determined after about 40 seconds with the present algorithm.
Identifying Clickbait Posts on Social Media with an Ensemble of Linear Models (2017)

The purpose of a clickbait is to make a link so appealing that people click on it. However, the content of such articles is often not related to the title, shows poor quality, and at the end leaves the reader unsatisfied. To help the readers, the organizers of the clickbait challenge (http://www.clickbait-challenge.org/) asked the participants to build a machine learning model for scoring articles with respect to their "clickbaitness". In this paper we propose to solve the clickbait problem with an ensemble of Linear SVM models, and our approach was tested successfully in the challenge: it showed great performance of 0.036 MSE and ranked 3rd among all the solutions to the contest.
Cell surface GRP78 promotes tumor cell histone acetylation through metabolic reprogramming: a mechanism which modulates the Warburg effect (2017)

Acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) is essential for histone acetylation, to promote cell proliferation by regulating gene expression. However, the underlying mechanism(s) governing acetylation remains poorly understood. Activated α<sub>2</sub>-Macroglobulin (α<sub>2</sub>M<sup>*</sup>) signals through tumor Cell Surface GRP78 (CS-GRP78) to regulate tumor cell proliferation through multiple signaling pathway. Here, we demonstrate that the α<sub>2</sub>M<sup>*</sup>/CS-GRP78 axis regulates acetyl-CoA synthesis and thus functions as an epigenetic modulator by enhancing histone acetylation in cancer cells. α<sub>2</sub>M<sup>*</sup>/CS-GRP78 signaling induces and activates glucose-dependent ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) and promotes acetate-dependent Acetyl-CoA Synthetase (ACSS1) expression by regulating AKT pathways to acetylate histones and other proteins. Further, we show that acetate itself regulates ACLY and ACSS1 expression through a feedback loop in an AKT-dependent manner. These studies demonstrate that α<sub>2</sub>M<sup>*</sup>/CS-GRP78 signaling is a central mechanism for integrating glucose and acetate-dependent signaling to induce histone acetylation. More importantly, targeting the α<sub>2</sub>M<sup>*</sup>/CS-GRP78 axis with C38 Monoclonal antibody (Mab) abrogates acetate-induced acetylation of histones and proteins essential for proliferation and survival under hypoxic stress. Furthermore, C38 Mab significantly reduced glucose uptake and lactate consumption which definitively suggests the role of aerobic glycolysis. Collectively, besides its ability to induce fatty acid synthesis, our study reveals a new mechanism of epigenetic regulation by the α<sub>2</sub>M<sup>*</sup>/CS-GRP78 axis to increase histone acetylation and promote cell survival under unfavorable condition. Therefore CS-GRP78 might be effectively employed to target the metabolic vulnerability of a wide spectrum of tumors and C38 Mab represents such a potential therapeutic agent.
Quasi-Resonant Enhancement of the Extinction Ratio in the Amorphous Silicon Nanowire Grid Polarizer (2018)

Spectral characteristics of thin-film nanowire grid polarizers based on amorphous silicon are numerically investigated. The extinction ratio, transmission coefficients, and reflection coefficients are calculated using the MC Grating code based on the rigorous coupled-wave analysis. It is found out that at particular structure parameters of the nanowire grid polarizer the extinction ratio increases to 106 at the optical radiation wavelength of about 380 nm, which is characterized as a quasi-resonance effect. A dissipative-interference qualitative interpretation of this effect within the waveguide model is proposed. This interpretation is confirmed by the calculated field distribution patterns in the vicinity of the quasiresonance.
A database method for automated map interpretation in protein crystallography (1999)

A significant portion of new protein structures contain folds that are related to those seen before. During the development of a computer program that can accurately position, in electron density maps, large protein domains with large structural deviations, it became apparent that the redundancy in protein folds could be used in a non trivial manner during a protein structure determination. As a result a computational procedure, Database Assisted Density Interpretation (DADI), was developed and tested to aid in the building of models in protein crystallography and to assist in interpreting electron density maps. The initial tests of the DADI procedure using a small database of protein domains are described. The philosophy is to first work with entire domains then with the secondary structure elements of these domains and finally with individual residues of the secondary structure elements via Monte Carlo, "chopping" and "clipping" procedures, respectively. The first test case was a traceable 3.2 A multiple isomorphous replacement with anomalous scattering (MIRAS) electron density map of a human topoisomerase I-DNA complex. The second test case uses poor electron density for the third domain of the diphtheria toxin repressor resulting from a molecular replacement solution with the first two domains. Despite the fact that a fairly small database was employed in these test cases, the DADI procedure was able to find a large portion of the protein backbone with very few errors. In the first case nearly 45% of the backbone and more than 80% of the secondary structure was placed automatically. In the second test case nearly 50% of the third domain was automatically detected. A particular encouraging result was that in both cases more than 75% of the beta sheet secondary structure was found automatically by the DADI procedure. Clearly, the procedures employed are promising avenues to exploit the current explosion of protein structures for the determination of future structures. Proteins 1999;36:526-541.
Potential Benefits from Heating the High-Dose rtPA Boluses Used in Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis for Acute/Subacute Lower Limb Ischemia (2003)

In patients with acute or subacute lower limb ischemia treated with catheter-directed thrombolysis, heating the rtPA results in faster lysis with a considerable reduction in the total dose of the lytic agent.
Supplementary Data 3 from Diverse <i>AR</i> Gene Rearrangements Mediate Resistance to Androgen Receptor Inhibitors in Metastatic Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;AR Gene Alterations in WGS Cohort&lt;/p&gt;
Monolayer graphene membranes for molecular separation in high-temperature harsh organic solvents (2021)

The excellent thermal and chemical stability of monolayer graphene makes it an ideal material for separations at high temperatures and in harsh organic solvents. Here, based on understanding of solvent permeation through nanoporous graphene via molecular dynamics simulation, a resistance model was established to guide the design of a defect-tolerant graphene composite membrane consisting of monolayer graphene on a porous supporting substrate. Guided by the model, we experimentally engineered polyimide (PI) supporting substrates with appropriate pore size, permeance, and excellent solvent resistance and investigated transport across the resulting graphene-covered membranes. The cross-linked PI substrate could effectively mitigate the impacts of leakage through defects across graphene to allow selective transport without defect sealing. The graphene-covered membrane showed pure solvent permeance of 24.1 L m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> bar<sup>-1</sup> and stable rejection (∼90%) of Allura Red AC (496.42 g mol<sup>-1</sup>) in a harsh polar solvent, dimethylformamide (DMF), at 100 °C for 10 d.
Hyperspectral imaging from a raw mosaic image with end-to-end learning (2019)

Hyperspectral imaging provides rich spatial-spectral-temporal information with wide applications. However, most of the existing hyperspectral imaging systems require light splitting/filtering devices for spectral modulation, making the system complex and expensive, and sacrifice spatial or temporal resolution. In this paper, we report an end-to-end deep learning method to reconstruct hyperspectral images directly from a raw mosaic image. It saves the separate demosaicing process required by other methods, which reconstructs the full-resolution RGB data from the raw mosaic image. This reduces computational complexity and accumulative error. Three different networks were designed based on the state-of-the-art models in literature, including the residual network, the multiscale network and the parallel-multiscale network. They were trained and tested on public hyperspectral image datasets. Benefiting from the parallel propagation and information fusion of different-resolution feature maps, the parallel-multiscale network performs best among the three networks, with the average peak signal-to-noise ratio achieving 46.83dB. The reported method can be directly integrated to boost an RGB camera for hyperspectral imaging.
The physico-chemical properties and structural characteristics of artificial soil for cut slope restoration in Southwestern China (2016)

Cut slopes are frequently generated by construction work in hilly areas, and artificial soil is often sprayed onto them to promote ecological rehabilitation. The artificial soil properties are very important for effective management of the slopes. This paper uses fractal and moment methods to characterize soil particle size distribution (PSD) and aggregates composition. The fractal dimension (D) showed linear relationships between clay, silt, and sand contents, with coefficients of determination from 0.843 to 0.875, suggesting that using of D to evaluate the PSD of artificial soils is reasonable. The bias (CS) and peak convex (CE) coefficients showed significant correlations with structure failure rate, moisture content, and total porosity, which validated the moment method to quantitatively describe soil structure. Railway slope (RS) soil has lower organic carbon and soil moisture, and higher pH than natural slope soil. Overall, RS exhibited poor soil structure and physicochemical properties, increasing the risk of soil erosion. Hence, more effective management measures should be adopted to promote the restoration of cut slopes.
15.3 A 2.4GHz ADPLL with digital-regulated supply-noise-insensitive and temperature-self-compensated ring DCO (2014)

Due to the high supply sensitivity of ring voltage-controlled oscillators (RVCOs) ([oscillation frequency change %] / [V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> change %] typically lies in the range from 1 to 2 [1]), an LDO has to provide over 40dB power-supply-rejection ratio (PSRR) to maintain VCO phase noise. However, the voltage dropout of an LDO consumes extra power and voltage headroom, which is unacceptable in low-voltage design. Moreover, the device noise from the LDO degrades the phase-noise performance. Recently published works [1-5] employ analog compensation techniques to lower supply sensitivity, and [2] incorporates a hybrid background calibration scheme for robustness. However, the additional current sources and active devices embedded in the oscillator [1-5] increase power and noise. In this work, a DCO with passive devices and all-digital calibration mitigates supply sensitivity under PVT variation, while maintaining phase noise and power consumption. The digital background-calibration logic regulates the oscillator supply to an optimally insensitive point by monitoring a digital loop filter (DLF) code, leveraging an advantage of an ADPLL [6].
Intramolecular bonds resolved on a semiconductor surface (2014)

Noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) is now routinely capable of obtaining submolecular resolution, readily resolving the carbon backbone structure of planar organic molecules adsorbed on metal substrates. Here we show that the same resolution may also be obtained for molecules adsorbed on a reactive semiconducting substrate. Surprisingly, this resolution is routinely obtained without the need for deliberate tip functionalization. Intriguingly, we observe two chemically distinct apex types capable of submolecular imaging. We characterize our tip apices by ``inverse imaging'' of the silicon adatoms of the $\mathrm{Si}(111)\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{-}7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}7$ surface and support our findings with detailed density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We also show that intramolecular resolution on individual molecules may be readily obtained at 78 K, rather than solely at 5 K as previously demonstrated. Our results suggest a wide range of tips may be capable of producing intramolecular contrast for molecules adsorbed on semiconductor surfaces, leading to a much broader applicability for submolecular imaging protocols.