gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A multi-start heuristic for multiplicative depth minimization of boolean circuits. (2017)

In this work we propose a multi-start heuristic which aims at minimizing the multiplicative depth of boolean circuits. The multiplicative depth objective is encountered in the field of homomorphic encryption where ciphertext size depends on the number of consecutive multiplications. The heuristic is based on rewrite operators for multiplicative depth-2 paths. Even if the proposed rewrite operators are simple and easy to understand the experimental results show that they are rather powerful. The multiplicative depth of the benchmarked circuits was hugely improved. In average the obtained multiplicative depths were lower by more than 3 times than the initial ones. The proposed rewrite operators are not limited to boolean circuits and can also be used for arithmetic circuits.
Biosynthesis of a Complex Yersiniabactin-Like Natural Product via the mic Locus in Phytopathogen Ralstonia solanacearum (2011)

A genome mining study in the plant pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum GMI1000 unveiled a polyketide synthase/nonribosomal peptide synthetase gene cluster putatively involved in siderophore biosynthesis. Insertional mutagenesis confirmed the respective locus to be operational under iron-deficient conditions and spurred the isolation of the associated natural product. Bioinformatic analyses of the gene cluster facilitated the structural characterization of this compound, which was subsequently identified as the antimycoplasma agent micacocidin. The metal-chelating properties of micacocidin were evaluated in competition experiments, and the cellular uptake of gallium-micacocidin complexes was demonstrated in R. solanacearum GMI1000, indicating a possible siderophore role. Comparative genomics revealed a conservation of the micacocidin gene cluster in defined, but globally dispersed phylotypes of R. solanacearum.
Manganese leads to an increase in markers of oxidative stress as well as to a shift in the ratio of Fe(ii)/(iii) in rat brain tissue (2014)

Occupationally or environmentally caused chronic exposure to Manganese (Mn) can lead to a degeneration of dopaminergic neurons inducing a Parkinson-like complaint called manganism. Deciphering the ongoing neurodegenerative mechanisms in the affected brain is still a major task for understanding the complex modes of action. Therefore, we applied a non-toxic, oral feeding in rats simulating a chronic exposure to Mn. Analysis of brain extracts by electrospray ionization Fourier transform resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FT-ICR-MS) revealed an increase in markers of oxidative stress like glutathione disulfide (GSSG), prostaglandins, and 15(S)-HETE, a marker of lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity and glutamate concentrations were elevated in brain samples of Mn-supplemented rats, suggesting oxidative stress in the brain tissue. Application of ion chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (IC-ICP-OES) further showed a shift of Fe(III) towards Fe(II) in the brain samples enabling for example the action of the Fenton reaction. This is the first time that changes in the Fe-species distribution could be related to Mn-induced neuroinflammation and is therefore enlarging the knowledge of this complex neurodegenerative condition. The combination of our findings provides substantial evidence that Mn-induced neuroinflammation leads to oxidative stress triggered by multifactorial pathophysiological processes.
Supervised and Traditional Term Weighting Methods for Automatic Text Categorization (2009)

In vector space model (VSM), text representation is the task of transforming the content of a textual document into a vector in the term space so that the document could be recognized and classified by a computer or a classifier. Different terms (i.e. words, phrases, or any other indexing units used to identify the contents of a text) have different importance in a text. The term weighting methods assign appropriate weights to the terms to improve the performance of text categorization. In this study, we investigate several widely-used unsupervised (traditional) and supervised term weighting methods on benchmark data collections in combination with SVM and kappa NN algorithms. In consideration of the distribution of relevant documents in the collection, we propose a new simple supervised term weighting method, i.e. tf.rf, to improve the terms' discriminating power for text categorization task. From the controlled experimental results, these supervised term weighting methods have mixed performance. Specifically, our proposed supervised term weighting method, tf.rf, has a consistently better performance than other term weighting methods while other supervised term weighting methods based on information theory or statistical metric perform the worst in all experiments. On the other hand, the popularly used tf.idf method has not shown a uniformly good performance in terms of different data sets.
Measurement and reduction of interface states at the recrystallized silicon-underlying insulator interface (1985)

Deep level transient spectroscopy and capacitance-voltage measurements have been performed on an inverted metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitor structure to measure the interface state density at the recrystallized silicon-underlying insulator interface. The effects of different recrystallization caps, annealing steps, and different underlying oxides have been investigated. An interface state density in the mid 1010 cm−2 eV−1 range can be consistently obtained, enabling well-behaved MOS transistor channels on the bottom of the recrystallized films.
Fast CdTe and CdZnTe Semiconductor Detector Arrays for Spectroscopic X-Ray Imaging (2012)

A growing interest has recently been observed in high flux X-ray imaging detectors with energy discrimination or spectroscopy capabilities. In this study we evaluate the performances of energy sensitive CdTe and CdZnTe detectors for X-ray imaging at fluxes of up to 2 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> X/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /s in the 20-150 keV energy range. Linear array detectors made from 3 mm thick single CdTe or CdZnTe crystals have 16 pixels with an 800 in pitch. These detectors were coupled to an innovative custom-designed 16-channel fast spectroscopy front-end electronic circuit. For each channel, the signal is continuously digitized and a FPGA controls acquisition and reconstructs the energy spectra on 256 bins for each channel. The detector was tested under X-rays for fluxes in the 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> to 2 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> X/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /s range. The main problem encountered at such high fluxes is the multiplication of pile-up events that reduces count rate and degrades energy resolution. When a very short shaping time was used, dead time was lower than 50 ns, and an energy resolution of 11 keV full width at half maximum (FWHM) at 2 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> X/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> s and 20 keV (FWHM) at 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> X/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> / s was achieved. We also show imaging results that illustrate the interest of the spectral information provided by each pixel.
Effect of Changes in Pleural Pressure on Fluid Filtration Rate in Expanded and Collapsed Rabbit Lungs (1983)

Eight isolated rabbit lungs were suspended from a force-displacement transducer and perfused at constant flow. The pressure surrounding the lungs ("pleural" pressure) was then reduced from -0.5 kPa to -1.0 and -1.5 kPa, and the rate of weight gain recorded. The step reductions in "pleural" pressure produced greater increases in pulmonary vascular volume and fluid filtration rate when the lungs were collapsed than when they were expanded, thus suggesting that the change in "pleural" pressure was more effectively transmitted to the perimicrovascular space when the lung was collapsed. These observations may help to explain the phenomenon of re-expansion pulmonary oedema.
The adoption of new manufacturing technologies: impact on the performance of North American producers of softwood lumber and structural panels. (1990)

On utilise des donnees industrielles reelles pour examiner trois aspects de l'adoption de technologies nouvelles par les firmes produisant du bois d'œuvre et du contreplaque de resineux: 1) caracteristiques des firmes les plus aptes a l'adoption de ces technologies; 2) differences de performances entre les firmes ayant adopte ou non ces technologies; 3) strategies associees a l'adoption des technologies
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed C=O Hydrogenation (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Age‐dependent impairment of glucose tolerance in the 3xTg‐AD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (2015)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been associated with type II diabetes (T2D) and obesity in several epidemiologic studies. To determine whether AD neuropathology can cause peripheral metabolic impairments, we investigated metabolic parameters in the triple-transgenic (3xTg)-AD mouse model of AD, compared with those in nontransgenic (non-Tg) controls, at 6, 8, and 14 mo of age. We found a more pronounced cortical Aβ accumulation (2- and 3.5-fold increase in Aβ42 in the soluble and insoluble protein fractions, respectively) in female 3xTg-AD mice than in the males. Furthermore, female 3xTg-AD mice displayed a significant deterioration in glucose tolerance (AUC, +118% vs. non-Tg mice at 14 mo). Fasting plasma insulin levels rose 2.5-fold from 6 to 14 mo of age in female 3xTg-AD mice. Glucose intolerance and cortical amyloid pathology worsened with age, and both were more pronounced in the females. Pancreatic amyloidopathy was revealed and could underlie the observed deficit in glycemic response in 3xTg-AD mice. The present results suggest that AD-like neuropathology extends to the pancreas in the 3xTg-AD mouse, leading to glucose intolerance and contributing to a pathologic self-amplifying loop between AD and T2D.
<title>Laser Gyro Technology</title> (1977)

The technology of the laser gyro has advanced to where production of this unique gyro with low cost and high performance is now possible. The technology of lifetime and its factors have now shown operating lifetime capability in excess of 50,000 hours. The performance variation with wavelength and size shows the wide range of parameters which must be considered. The performance of the laser gyro in scale factor linearity varies from 0.1% in the small 9.8 cm 1.15&mu; gyro to better than 0.0001% in the 43 cm 0.63&mu; gyro. In similar fashion the null stability and performance also varies over a range of 10°/hr to 0.01°/hr for the same gyros, respectively. Other factors such as gas pressure and multi-mode effects are also discussed.
2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Infectious Diarrhea (2017)

These guidelines are intended for use by healthcare professionals who care for children and adults with suspected or confirmed infectious diarrhea. They are not intended to replace physician judgement regarding specific patients or clinical or public health situations. This document does not provide detailed recommendations on infection prevention and control aspects related to infectious diarrhea.
School Directory of South Carolina 1949-1950 (1953)

This is a directory for South Carolina, published for the 1961-1962 school year. The directory covers state, county, and local personnel as well as all South Carolina schools. Personnel information includes main addresses of institutions, individual names, and phone numbers. The directory includes a listing of chief administrators and personnel for the State and County Boards of Education, the SC Association of School Boards, and the State Department of Education. The directory also lists personnel for special school services like the Educational Television Center. The directory lists county supervisors, members of county boards of education, and county superintendents. It lists administrators such as school lunch supervisors and personnel for the SC Educational Finance and the School Book Commissions, as well as School Business Officers. The directory includes a listing of visiting teachers, business schools, trade schools, and adult education teachers, Jeanes teachers, attendance supervisors, and Veterans’ education supervisors. The directory lists personnel of organizations such as the South Carolina Education Association, the Parent-Teacher Association, and the Palmetto Education Association. The directory lists superintendents and principals by county as well as colleges and college presidents, organized by state, private, and/or denominational institution. The directory also lists non-public schools and junior colleges. The listings denote the type of college (men-only, women-only, or co-ed). The directory lists elementary and high schools and includes brief school statistics, such as the numbers of students enrolled and numbers of teachers. The directory concludes with a list of United States superintendents, organized by state.
Application of ATM traffic analysis techniques in the field of digital signal processing (2002)

This paper describes the methodology that utilises some of the ATM traffic analysis techniques in the performance analysis of multichannel digital signal processing (DSP) systems. The analysed multichannel DSP systems employ statistical multiplexing in order to improve the DSP resource utilisation. A case study is used to illustrate the application of the proposed methodology. Performance of the studied system was estimated and it was shown that a significant efficiency gain may be achieved over the DSP systems that do not utilise statistical multiplexing of their resources.
Novel Topologies of Power Electronics Converter as Active Magnetic Bearing Drive (2019)

Active magnetic bearing is a core technology for high-speed rotational machines. Power electronics converter as the active magnetic bearing drive is the actuation unit and its topology highly impacts the performance of the bearing system. This paper introduces the progress of topology of active magnetic bearing drive. The initial topology of an H-bridge does not sufficiently utilize the power electronics devices. The topology with half-bridge and shared phase-leg has been proposed as the fundamental topology. In this paper, two approaches of novel magnetic bearing drive topology modification have been developed on the basis of the fundamental topology. In the first approach, central phase-leg for multiaxis magnetic bearing drive can be further shared and the power electronic devices can be globally optimized in the whole system. Further, a topology with current in the reverse direction can reduce the central phase-leg current rating and power losses. In the second approach, fault-tolerant magnetic bearing drive topology has been developed on the basis of the fundamental topology, too. It can ride-through the open-circuit fault of power electronics switch-in operation and keep levitation for the magnetic bearing. The series work of novel topologies can improve the performance of an active magnetic bearing system in application.
Preparation and Characterization of Powders and Coatings Containing Solid Lubricants (2003)

Abstract In this work, HVOF sprayed hard metal multi-component Cr3C2-25Ni+10 vol-% solid lubricant coatings were prepared by HVOF spraying. CaF2, BN, MnS and WS2 were used as solid lubricants. Powders were prepared by the spray drying and sintering method. This method produces homogeneous and spherical powders. Powders were sprayed with DJH 2600 HVOF-system. Microstructures, phase structures and compositions of powders and coatings were analysed with optical microscope, scanning electron microscope with EDS-analysator and x-ray diffractometer. The particle size distributions of sintered powders were determined by laser diffractometer. The amount of retained solid lubricant in the sprayed coatings was evaluated by EDS and compared to that in the spray powder. This study showed that spray drying and sintering method is a preferable method for manufacturing multi-component solid lubricant containing thermal spray powders. In sintering processes, solid lubricant phases remained in powders except for the Cr3C2-25Ni+10vol-%WS2-powder. Also, after HVOF spraying, coatings contained solid lubricants.
P5C-6 Compact Ultrasound Scanner with Built-in Raw Data Acquisition Capabilities (2007)

A research data acquisition tool named "IQscan" on a commercial ultrasound system is presented. IQscan enables the in-phase/quadrature (I/Q) components of pre- detected image data to be acquired and exported as a raw data DICOM file. The capabilities of this built-in feature for a compact and battery-operated scanner are described, and are demonstrated by two application examples. The first example involves a 3 MHz curved array scan of a nylon-fiber-target phantom and demonstrates the reconstruction from I/Q to radio frequency (RF) echo data, as well as the typical Gaussian-shaped transmit waveforms. The second example demonstrates a new "pixel compounding" technique that aims at recovering echo details from noisy data by compensating for sub-pixel displacement between successive image frames. Key to obtaining sub-wavelength displacement estimates is having access to the phase information in the I/Q data. Results for both phantom and in vivo IQscan data obtained using a 7.5 MHz linear array show promising image quality improvements.
Independent Component Analysis and Statistical Modelling for the Identification of Metabolomics Biomarkers in 1H-NMR Spectroscopy (2017)

In order to maintain life, living organism’s product and transform small molecules called metabolites. Metabolomics aims at studying the development of biological reactions resulting from a contact with a physio-pathological stimulus, through these metabolites. The 1H-NMR spectroscopy is widely used to graphically describe a metabolite composition via spectra. Biologists can then confirm or invalidate the development of a biological reaction if specific NMR spectral regions are altered from a given physiological situation to another. However, this pro-cess supposes a preliminary identification step which traditionally consists in the study of the two first components of a Principal Component Analysis (PCA). This paper presents a new methodology in two main steps providing knowledge on specific 1H-NMR spectral areas via the identification of biomarkers and via the visualization of the effects caused by some external changes. The first step implies Independent Component Analysis (ICA) in order to decompose the spectral data into statistically independent components or sources of information. The in-dependent (pure or composite) metabolites contained in bio fluids are discovered through the sources, and their quantities through mixing weights. Specific questions related to ICA like the choice of the number of components and their ordering are discussed. The second step consists in a statistical modelling of the ICA mixing weights and introduces statistical hypothesis tests on the parameters of the estimated models, with the objective of selecting sources which present biomarkers (or significantly fluctuating spectral regions). Statistical models are considered here for their adaptability to different possible kinds of data or contexts. A computation of contrasts which can lead to the visualization of changes on spectra caused by changes of the factor of interest is also proposed. This methodology is innovative because multi-factors studies (via the use of mixed models) and statistical confirmations of the factors effects are allowed together.
New class of fibre laser based on lead-germanate glass (1992)

The first fibre laser based on rare-earth doped lead-germanate glass is reported. The thulium-doped fibre had a background loss of 2dBm−1 and a maximum phonon energy of ̃920cm−1. Lasing was achieved on the Tm3+3H4 – 3H6 transition at 1.905μm with a 3.6 mW threshold, when diode-pumped at 790 nm. A quantum efficiency of 30% was obtained.
Hoe Creek II field experiment on underground coal gasification, preliminary results (1978)

BIS may be used clinically to monitor fluid volume change in major acute burns.
Protein Synthesis Directed by Encephalomyocarditis Virus RNA: Properties of a Transfer RNA-Dependent System (1971)

Small amounts of encephalomyocarditis virus RNA direct a 50-fold increase in amino acid incorporation, in appropriately supplemented ascites tumor cell extracts, under conditions that give rise to authentic viral polypeptides. Incorporation in these crude extracts has a novel characteristic, namely, that it is almost entirely dependent upon the addition of exogenous tRNA. Further, this incorporation is restricted in that tRNA derived from ascites tumor cells or from rat liver permits translation of viral RNA, whereas tRNA from yeast or Escherichia coli does not. These translational barriers are due, at least in part, to an incompatibility between the tRNA of yeast and E. coli and the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases of the ascites tumor cell. A more extensive basis for this incompatibility is suggested, however, by the failure of the E. coli aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to restore viral RNA-directed protein synthesis in the presence of tRNA from E. coli, although the coli synthetases fully restore the poly(U)-directed synthesis of polyphenyl-alanine. The possible role that unique or favored codon classes might play in this restriction is considered, together with the implications of the observed requirement for tRNA.
Research on Simulation of Ship Logistics System based on Reliability (2019)

To solve the calculation problem of time for receiving supplies of the ship logistics system, the consideration of equipment failures is added, the simulation method of ship logistics system based on reliability is proposed. Firstly, the work flow of material receive system is analyzed. Secondly, the simulation of the work flow is achieved. Finally, the reliability of material receive system is solved by Monte Carlo method. The simulation results indicate that the assessment of material receiving time is closer to the actual after the equipment failures is considered.
Kinetics and mechanism of the interaction between human serum albumin and monomeric haemin (1980)

The interaction of human serum albumin with monomeric haemin has been investigated by detailed kinetic analysis in dimethyl sulphoxide/water (3:5, v/v). The results obtained under conditions of albumin saturation of haemin and under pseudo-single turnover conditions indicate that methaemalbumin is formed in a two-stage, single-intermediate process. The initial association between the haemin and human serum albumin is a chemically controlled process (k1 = 1.7 × 10(5) mol-1 . s-1 . dm3 at 24 degrees C); the variation of K1 with pH exhibited a well defined pK of 5.9. The overall equilibrium constant, calculated by using microscopic rate constants, is 1.1 (+/- 0.5) X 10(8) mol-1 at 24 degrees C. The data and conclusions are consistent with a general binding mechanism for albumin in which intermediate formation is followed by an entropy-controlled internalization of the ligand.