gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Virtual <italic>RC</italic> Damping of <italic>LCL</italic>-Filtered Voltage Source Converters With Extended Selective Harmonic Compensation (2014)

Active damping and harmonic compensation are two common challenges faced by LCL-filtered voltage source converters. To manage them holistically, this paper begins by proposing a virtual RC damper in parallel with the passive filter capacitor. The virtual damper is actively inserted by feeding back the passive capacitor current through a high-pass filter, which indirectly, furnishes two superior features. They are the mitigation of phase lag experienced by a conventional damper and the avoidance of instability caused by the negative resistance inserted unintentionally. Moreover, with the virtual RC damper, the frequency region, within which the harmonic compensation is effective, can be extended beyond the gain crossover frequency. This is of interest to some high-performance applications, but has presently not been achieved by existing schemes. Performance of the proposed scheme has been tested in the laboratory with results obtained for demonstrating stability and harmonic compensation.
On the capacity of a hybrid broadcast multiple access system for WDM networks (2011)

A previously designed architecture that endows a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical network with network management capabilities is studied from an information theoretic perspective. The central component of this system is a degraded Σ-interference channel, which combines a multiple access channel and two degraded broadcast channels. Inner and outer bounds for the capacity region are derived for a general discrete memoryless model and a Gaussian model and are shown to provide a complete solution for the symmetric problem. Comparisons are drawn between the coding technique suggested by our information theoretic analysis and the coding method used in a working implementation.
Depth-resolved Hyperspectral Digital Holography (2016)

We present a depth resolved hyperspectral digital holography setup and its application for the reconstruction of amplitude and phase at different depth sections for different wavelength. For example the technique can be used for the discrimination of cells.
The increase of plasminogen activator inhibitor activity is associated with graft occlusion in patients undergoing aorto‐coronary bypass surgery (1997)

Early graft occlusion is a common complication in patients undergoing aorto-coronary bypass surgery. Both mechanical and haemostatic factors play a role in the pathogenesis of thrombotic occlusion. Several studies have demonstrated a relationship between fibrinolytic activity and venous or arterial thrombosis. We undertook this study to evaluate the possible contribution of the fibrinolytic system to postoperative occlusion in patients undergoing aorto-coronary bypass graft (CABG). A venous occlusion (VO) test was performed preoperatively in 82 patients undergoing revascularization procedures. Before and after VO the euglobulin fibrinolytic activity and tissue type plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity and antigen were measured. Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) activity and antigen and fibrinogen were also assessed in the preocclusion sample. An angiography performed 10d postoperatively showed graft occlusion in 23% of patients. Patients with graft occlusion had significantly higher preoperative PAI activity than patients without occlusion (P < 0.001). Reduced fibrinolytic response and t-PA capacity was also observed in the group of patients with graft occlusion (P < 0.03 and P < 0.02 respectively). We found a reduced preoperative fibrinolytic response, mainly related to high plasma PAI activity in patients with postoperative graft occlusion. These results suggest that increased PAI activity might have a predictive value for early thrombosis in patients undergoing CABG.
Lamellar Split Osteotomy (1990)

Salyer, Kenneth E. M.D.; Hall, Craig D. M.D.; Joganic, Edward F. M.D.; Habal, Mutaz B. M.D.Author Information
ChemInform Abstract: THE SIDE‐CHAIN ACYLAMINATION OF ALICYCLIC NITRONES. A NEW SYNTHESIS OF AN α‐AMINO ACID (1985)

Abstract Das Imidchlorid (I!) reagiert mit dem Nitron (I) zum Amidin (III).
NOTCH1 mutations influence survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients (2013)

Both NOTCH1 and TP53 mutations seem to be independent predictive markers for worse outcome in CLL-patients and this study emphasizes the contention that NOTCH1 mutations is a novel risk marker.
Research Directions in Political Anthropology (1969)

anthropology deals with the nature of power and authority relations, with special emphasis on small-scale societies in the non-western world. The term, political, can be interpreted to refer to an aspect of life in any society, thus, political anthropology is related closely to comparative politics as well as to social anthropology; ultimately it benefits from, and should contribute to, both of these research fields. Because the word, political, is used in an adjectival sense in the phrase, political anthropology, it is sometimes said that the field is recognizable as one in which the so-called anthropological method is used. In general terms, this method involves an holistic approach and participant-observation carried out at the local level. In other words, it involves the examination of all features in terms of their specific context, i.e., the cultural setting which conditions the meaning of any one feature. In general, this kind of information is obtained through long-term close associations in a relatively small community and it is usually descriptive and qualitative in form. However, in political anthropology neither methods nor basic approach are in any way limited. Some workers may stress psychological variables; others stress social, structural ones. Both quantitative and qualitative techniques are used. In Africa the basic work in political anthropology is proceeding along two fronts: the first entails analysis of traditional political systems, while the second deals with the emergence of modern nation-states and the problems of incorporating traditional societies into these new entities. Traditional African politics have been found to vary from simple hunting and gathering societies like the Kalahari Bushmen or the Pygmies of the Ituri Forest, through a group of widely dissimilar acephalous peoples who practice horticulture, pastoralism, and combinations of both, to fairly complex kingdoms and empires. sity. * Professor, Departments of Science and Anthropology, Northwestern University. 1. For greater detail on this classification of traditional political systems see R. Cohen, Political Anthropology: the Future of a Pioneer, Anthropological Quarterly, XXXVIII, 3 (1965), 117-131; R. Cohen and J. Middleton, Comparative Systems: Studies
Intramolecular interaction between γ-tertiary amino- and cyano-groups (1955)

M. W. Gittos and W. Wilson, J. Chem. Soc., 1955, 2371 DOI: 10.1039/JR9550002371
Soft pneumatic actuator with adjustable stiffness layers for Multi-DoF Actuation (2015)

The soft pneumatic actuators (SPAs) are a solution toward the highly customizable and light actuators with the versatility of actuation modes, and an inherent compliance. Such flexibility allows SPAs to be considered as alternative actuators for wearable rehabilitative devices and search and rescue robots. The actuator material and air-chamber design dictate the actuator's mechanical performance. Therefore, each actuator design with a single pressure source produces a highly customized motion but only a single degree of freedom (DoF). We present a novel design and fabrication method for a SPA with different modes of actuation using integrated adjustable stiffness layers (ASLs). Unlike the most SPA designs where one independent chamber is needed for each mode of actuation, here we have a single chamber that drives three different modes of actuation by activating different combinations of ASLs. Adapting customized micro heaters and thermistors for modulating the temperature and stiffness of ASLs, we considerably broaden the work space of the SPA actuator. Here, a thorough characterization of the materials and the modeling of the actuator are presented. We propose a design methodology for developing application specific actuators with multi-DoFs that are light and compact.
SAT-139 STAT5A Regulation by Serine Phosphorylation in Breast Cancer (2020)

Abstract The neuroendocrine hormone prolactin (PRL) and its cognate receptor (PRLr) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. PRL signaling relies on activating kinases such as the tyrosine kinase Jak2 and serine/threonine kinases ERK1/2, Nek3, PI3K, and AKT. In the canonical pathway of PRL signaling, Jak2 phosphorylates the transcription factor Stat5a at tyrosine residue 694 (pY694-Stat5a), preceding Stat5a nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity. However, Stat5a exists with functional duality as a transcription factor, having both pro-differentiative and pro-proliferative target genes. Other Stat family members (Stats 1, 3, and 6) have been shown to have transcriptional activity in the un-phosphorylated (upY) state, distinct from that of pY-Stat activity. This distinction (upY vs. pY) may underlie the duality of Stat5a, coupled with additional regulatory non-canonical post-translational modifications. Within this notion, Stat5a contains two serine residues, S726 and S780, whose phosphorylation are necessary for hematopoietic transformation. However, their functions in PRL-mediated breast cancer pathogenesis have not been examined. We hypothesize that Stat5a serine phosphorylation regulates Stat5a nuclear activity in a non-canonical fashion, contributing to its role in mammary oncogenesis. As shown in a tissue microarray (TMA), human breast cancer tissues express both pS726- and pS780-Stat5a. Nuclear Allred score for pS726-Stat5a increases two-fold with increasing tumor grade, with no difference in staining associated with estrogen or progesterone receptor (ER, PR) status, nor other clinical characteristics. Likewise, patient derived xenograft (PDX) tumors of various molecular subtypes express pS726- and pS780-Stat5a. Phosphorylation of S726-Stat5a is PRL-responsive in vitro. Pharmacologic inhibition of ERK1/2 prevents this phosphorylation, uncovering a novel pathway in which ERK1/2 mediates Stat5a activity in response to PRL in breast cancer. To examine the functional significance of Stat5a serine phosphorylation in vitro, we have performed Stat5a knockdown (KD) in the breast cancer cell line MCF7. Following Stat5a KD, cells were rescued with phospho-site specific Stat5a mutant constructs. Characteristics of breast cancer examined in these mutation-carrying cells, including anchorage-independent growth and proliferation, show distinct phenotypes compared to controls. PRL-induced expression of the CISH gene is significantly decreased up to 65% in the mutation-carrying cells compared to wild type Stat5a. Mechanistic studies will examine the ability of these Stat5a mutants to undergo nuclear translocation and interact with other transcription factors. Collectively, these studies have the potential to provide novel insights into the role of the non-canonical pathway of Stat5a activation in breast cancer pathogenesis.
δ13C and δD Values of n-Alkanes from In-Reservoir Biodegraded Oils: Implications for Understanding the Mechanisms of Biodegradation and for Petroleum Exploration (2021)

This study investigates the magnitude and direction of stable C and H isotope shifts of n-C15–30 alkanes from biodegraded oils sourced from Type II (Oil suite S) and Type II/III (Oil suite H) kerogens. Compound-specific isotope data show a 2.0‰ 13C-enrichment and no D-enrichment of n-alkanes in the most biodegraded oil from sample suite S. Similarly, there is a 1.5–2.5‰ 13C-enrichment and no D-enrichment in Oil suite H. Overall, there is a &lt;2.5‰ δ13C and &lt;20‰ δD variability among individual n-alkanes in the whole sequence of biodegradation. N-alkanes from the least biodegraded Oil H samples are 2–4‰ 13C-enriched in comparison with the least biodegraded Oil S. However, there are no differences in the δD values of n-alkanes in these samples. Our indirect isotopic evidence suggests (1) a site-specific biodegradation process, most likely at position C-2 and/or C-3 or another site-specific process, and (2) a significant D/H exchange between organic compounds in the source rock and isotopically similar marine formation waters. We conclude that, unlike δD methodology, investigation of δ13C composition of n-alkanes has strong potential as a supplementary tool for oil–oil and oil–source-rock correlation even in biodegraded oils when n-alkanes are present.
Treatment of Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma (Klatskin Tumors) with Hepatic Resection or Transplantation (1998)

Satisfactory longterm survivals can be obtained by curative surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma either with hepatic resection or liver transplantation. Redefining pTNM stage III and IV-A is proposed to better define prognosis.
Image quantization: statistics and modeling (1998)

A method for analyzing the effects of quantization, developed for temporal one-dimensional signals, is extended to two- dimensional radiographic images. By calculating the probability density function for the second order statistics (the differences between nearest neighbor pixels) and utilizing its Fourier transform (the characteristic function), the effect of quantization on image statistics can be studied by the use of standard communication theory. The approach is demonstrated by characterizing the noise properties of a storage phosphor computed radiography system and the image statistics of a simple radiographic object (cylinder) and by comparing the model to experimental measurements. The role of quantization noise and the onset of contouring in image degradation are explained.
Trastornos de la función tiroidea en el paciente crítico síndrome del enfermo eutiroideo (2002)

OBJETIVOS Analizar las alteraciones de la funcion tiroidea durante la enfermedad aguda, viendo si tienen valor pronostico. MATERIAL Y METODOS En una cohorte de 108 pacientes criticos, dividimos a los pacientes en tres grupos sindromicos (IAM, PM y PQ). Se divide a los pacientes segun hubiesen desarrollado o no SIRS y FMO, o Sepsis. Se efectua analisis comparativo de la funcion tiroidea en los diferentes grupos y situaciones clinicas con los test estadisticos habituales. Asi mismo se calcula la Prevalencia del Sindrome del Enfermo Eutiroideo (SEE), durante la enfermedad aguda. Se efectua por utlimo tiroidea en el exsitus. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES Existen alteraciones muy importantes de la funcion tiroidea durante la enfermedad aguda. Tambien desarrollan alteraciones muy importantes de la funcion tiroidea los pacientes con SIRS, FMO y Sepsis. La Prevalencia del SEE es del 68,5% para el tipo I; del 15,7% para el tipo II y del 1,9% para el tipo III. De todas las variables hormonales tiroiedeas, tan solo tienen valor pronostico la r T 3 a partir del tercer dia de evolucion. Nuestros resultados coinciden con los encontrados por otros autores.
Presenilin/γ-Secretase-mediated Cleavage Regulates Association of Leukocyte-Common Antigen-related (LAR) Receptor Tyrosine Phosphatase with β-Catenin (2007)

Leukocyte-common antigen-related (LAR) receptor tyrosine phosphatase regulates cell adhesion and formation of functional synapses and neuronal networks. Here we report that LAR is sequentially cleaved by alpha- and presenilin (PS)/gamma-secretases, which also affect signaling and/or degradation of type-I membrane proteins including the Alzheimer disease-related beta-amyloid precursor protein. Similar to the previously characterized PS/gamma-secretase substrates, inhibition of gamma-secretase activity resulted in elevated LAR C-terminal fragment (LAR-CTF) levels in stably LAR-overexpressing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, human neuroglioma cells, and mouse cortical neurons endogenously expressing LAR. Furthermore, LAR-CTF levels increased in cells lacking functional PS, indicating that gamma-secretase-mediated cleavage of LAR was PS-dependent. Inhibition of alpha-secretase activity by TAPI-1 treatment blocked LAR-CTF accumulation, demonstrating that prior ectodomain shedding was prerequisite for PS/gamma-secretase-mediated cleavage of LAR. Moreover, we identified the product of PS/gamma-secretase cleavage, LAR intracellular domain (LICD), both in vitro and in cells overexpressing full-length (FL) LAR or LAR-CTFs. LAR localizes to cadherin-beta-catenin-based cellular junctions. Assembly and disassembly of these junctions are regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation. We found that endogenous tyrosine-phosphorylated beta-catenin coimmunoprecipitated with LAR in CHO cells. However, when PS/gamma-secretase activity was inhibited, the association between LAR and beta-catenin significantly diminished. In addition to cell adhesion, beta-catenin is involved in transcriptional regulation. We observed that LICD significantly decreased transcription of cyclin D1, one of the beta-catenin target genes. Thus, our results show that PS/gamma-secretase-mediated cleavage of LAR controls LAR-beta-catenin interaction, suggesting an essential role for PS/gamma-secretase in the regulation of LAR signaling.
Biochemical Nutritional Assessment in Chronic Kidney Disease (2013)

Suboptimal nutritional status is common in people in the latter stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and higher health care costs. Data from the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study demonstrated that protein–energy nutritional status deteriorates as glomerular filtration rate (GFR) declines [1, 2]. Frank protein–energy malnutrition (PEM) prior to initiation of dialysis was fairly rare, but evidence of deteriorating nutritional intake was common as kidney function declined. Among people receiving dialysis, depending on the nutritional assessment parameters chosen and thresholds used for identifying deficits, the literature reports 18–75 % of people receiving maintenance dialysis have evidence of protein deficits [1]. Measures of nutritional status generally deteriorate with time in patients with Stage 5 kidney disease, even in the presence of excellent dialytic care and close nutritional monitoring and interventions [3]. Nutritional status is an important predictor of increased hospitalization rate, hospital days, and mortality. Therefore, assessing and optimizing nutritional status is important to improve patients’ quality of life, optimize clinical outcome, and help control cost of care.
An overview of manufacturing BGA technology (2002)

Ball Grid Array (BGA) technology is one ofthe leading edge technologies in surface mount manufacturing. The driving force behind the advancement of BGA technology is the lead spacing of standard surface mount devices. As lead pitches drop below 20 mil, manufacturing becomes exponentially more difficult. BGA technology provides the same I/O count in the same body size with a significant increase in pitch. Manufacturing BGAs is comparable to standard surface mount device manufacturing. Standard equipment for paste application, placement, reflow and cleaning will work with first generation BGAs. The paper discusses BGA manufacturing using 20 mil SMT manufacturing as a baseline.
Raman Probe Based on Optically-Poled Double-Core Fiber (2012)

A novel Raman probe based on an optically-poled double-core fiber is reported. Efficient in-fiber second-harmonic generation allows for Raman spectroscopy at 532nm when illuminating the fiber with 1064nm laser light. The concentrical cores of the fiber provide independent paths for the delivery of the excitation light and the collection of Raman scattering. Spectra of a sample of dimethyl sulfoxide acquired with this device are presented.
Source code for publication "The Pseudomonas aeruginosa accessory genome elements influence virulence towards Caenorhabditis elegans" (2019)

Source code for publication "The Pseudomonas aeruginosa accessory genome elements influence virulence towards Caenorhabditis elegans" by Alejandro Vasquez-Rifo, Isana Veksler-Lublinsky, Zhenyu Cheng, Frederick M. Ausubel and Victor Ambros. The code provides a statistical test for association of genetic elements with virulence. To run the code we generated a presence/absence matrix for 11,731 homologues gene clusters across 52 strains. We also supplied worm median survival (corresponds to virulence) for the 52 strains. The Mann-Whitney (MW) ranking test and linear-regression (LR) analysis were applied to every gene to test the association of the presence/absence pattern with virulence. We then performed a permutation test to control for multiple hypothesis testing. 10,000 permutations of the virulence values and their assignment to strains were generated and the MW and LR association tests were repeated for each permutation. Then, for each gene the number of times that it received a better p-value using the shuffled virulence data compared to the original one was recorded, separately for MW and LR. The above count was divided by 10,000 to obtain the permutation corrected p-value for the MW and LR tests.
Treatment of babesiosis by red blood cell exchange in an HIV‐positive, splenectomized patient (1993)

Babesiosis is a malaria-like parasitic disease causing subclinical or mild illness in most cases. Splenectomized patients, however, may experience a more severe course. Although generally responsive to antibiotic therapy, several cases of severe babesiosis refractory to appropriate antibiotic therapy have been reported to respond promptly and dramatically to red blood cell (RBC) exchange transfusion. Although the role of HIV coinfection in babesiosis is uncertain, two previously reported cases raise a concern that it may predispose to a more severe clinical course. We report a third case of severe babesiosis in an HIV-positive splenectomized man, following travel to an endemic area. Antibiotic therapy, though initially effective, ultimately failed to prevent severe disease. RBC exchange transfusion resulted in prompt clinical improvement, which has been sustained during 26 months of follow-up. Although the patient has since developed various sequelae of HIV infection, including disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma, CMV retinitis, and enteritis, there has been no recurrence of observable parasitemia. In severe babesiosis, RBC exchange transfusion, combined with appropriate antibiotic therapy, appears to be a rapidly effective therapeutic modality which can induce sustained remissions.
A sensor based assessment of imminent collisions at right angle intersections (2008)

This report summarizes the feasibility of using light detection and ranging (LIDAR) data to track an oncoming vehicle at a right angle intersection with the ultimate goal of determining the severity of a potential collision. The Vehicle Tracking System (VTS) that was developed to transform raw LIDAR data into a useable format and track potential vehicles during consecutive scans will be described in detail. Furthermore, the results from tests using the VTS to track approaching vehicles on both simulated and experimental LIDAR data will be provided.