gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two spatially distinct genetic elements constitute a bipartite DNA replication origin in the minute virus of mice genome (1991)

Mutations were introduced into plasmid pMM984, a full-length infectious clone of the fibrotropic strain of minute virus of mice, to identify cis-acting genetic elements required for the excision and replication of the viral genome. The replicative capacity of these mutants was measured directly, using an in vivo transient DNA replication assay following transfection of plasmids into murine A9 cells and primate COS-7 cells. Experiments with subgenomic constructs indicated that both viral termini must be present on the same DNA molecule for replication to occur and that the viral nonstructural protein NS-1 must be provided in trans. The necessary sequences were located within 1,084 and 807 nucleotides of the 3' and 5' ends of the minute virus of mice genome, respectively. The inhibitory effect of deletions within the 206-bp 5'-terminal palindrome demonstrated that these sequences comprise a cis-acting genetic element that is absolutely essential for the excision and replication of viral DNA. The results further indicated a requirement for a stem-plus-arms T structure as well as for the formation of a simple hairpin. In addition, the removal of one copy of a tandemly arranged 65-bp repeat found 94 nucleotides inboard of the 5'-terminal palindrome inhibited viral DNA replication in cis by 10- and just greater than 100-fold in A9 and COS-7 cells, respectively. The latter results define a novel genetic element within the 65-bp repeated sequence, distinct from the terminal palindrome, that is capable of regulating minute virus of mice DNA replication in a species-specific manner.
Efficacy and safety of an orally administered DGAT2 inhibitor alone or coadministered with a liver-targeted ACC inhibitor in adults with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): rationale and design of the phase II, dose-ranging, dose-finding, randomised, placebo-controlled MIRNA (Metabolic Interventions to Resolve NASH with fibrosis) study (2022)

NCT04321031.
A Natural Toxic Defense System: Cardenolides in Butterflies versus Birdsa (1985)

We have verified that wild birds can become conditioned to reject naturally toxic insects either visually (experiment 1) or by taste (experiment 2). We have also verified, however, that unconditioned taste rejection of noxious chemicals by wild birds also occurs (experiment 3). Such unconditioned responses to the aposematic visual and taste cues of many insects, in fact, often appear to be as important as, or more important than, conditioned responses. In a large number of laboratory feeding experiments with wild birds as predators of aposematic insects, initial and/or long-term rejection occurs without prior laboratory conditioning experience. Although in some experiments the birds may have previously been exposed to (and therefore perhaps conditioned by) the aposematic prey in the wild, other experiments have used naive birds or insects whose ranges do not overlap those of the birds. Wiklund and Jarvi, for example, tested the response of 47 naive hand-raised birds of four species to five aposematic insect species, and found that 69/136 (51%) insects were rejected visually without even tasting, while 63 were tasted and then rejected. Only four of the insects were actually ingested. Similarly, in Bowers' study of the response of Massachusetts blue jays to aposematic western U.S. Euphydryas butterflies, several blue jays consistently rejected the butterflies visually or by taste without having eaten any. While these studies were not designed to separate neophobic effects from innate visual and/or taste aversions, they do differentiate between conditioned and unconditioned responses. Since both conditioned and unconditioned rejections can be demonstrated in the lab by insectivorous birds, and our available field evidence does not yet let us distinguish the mechanisms behind the observed patterns, our initial question, of the relative importance of conditioned versus unconditioned rejection mechanisms in different natural situations, is not yet answerable. The most important requirement of a food-rejection strategy is that it prevents both poisoning and starvation. We have shown, however, that rejection of a noxious insect by a bird can take place at four distinct levels (visual, non-destructive taste sampling, destructive taste sampling, or post-ingestional physiological rejection), the first three of which may be either unconditioned or conditioned by a physiological reaction to ingestion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Targeted cancer therapy with gonadotropin-releasing hormone chimeric proteins (2004)

Tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) have been identified mainly to determine cancer prognosis. In the past few years, TAAs have been used in the development of treatment modalities such as tumor vaccination. This review describes an additional application of TAAs: as a target for specific antitumor treatment. Since TAAs are overexpressed on the tumor cell surface, they can be targeted to deliver drugs directly to cancer cells. One such delivery system exploits chimeric proteins. Chimeric proteins are a class of targeted molecules designed to recognize and specifically destroy cells that overexpress specific receptors. These molecules, designed and constructed by gene fusion techniques, comprise both cell-targeting and cell-killing moieties. The authors' laboratory has developed a number of chimeric proteins using gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) as the targeting moiety. These chimeras recognize a GnRH binding site that is expressed on adenocarcinoma cells. GnRH was fused to a large number of killing moieties, including bacterial and human proapoptotic proteins. All GnRH-based chimeric proteins selectively killed adenocarcinoma cells both in vitro and in vivo. Utilizing chimeric proteins for targeted therapy represents a new and exciting therapeutic modality for the treatment of cancer in humans.
Antibodies to tissue transglutaminase and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis. (2004)

Our data fail to show an increased prevalence of autoantibodies associated with celiac and Crohn's disease in patients with AS and PsA.
RBMS3 Inhibits the Proliferation and Metastasis of Breast Cancer Cells (2017)

RBMS3, a gene encoding a glycine-rich RNA-binding protein, belongs to the family of c-Myc gene single-strand binding proteins (MSSP). Recently, several reports have provided evidence that RBMS3 was deregulated in a diverse range of solid tumors and played a critical role in tumor progression. However, it remains unclear whether RBMS3 inhibits the progression of human breast cancer. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of RBMS3 in breast cancer and explore the underlying mechanism in breast cancer progression. Our results showed, for the first time, that the expression of RBMS3 at both the mRNA and protein levels was significantly downregulated in human breast cancer tissues and cell lines. In addition, RBMS3 overexpression dramatically suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro and attenuated tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, we observed that RBMS3 greatly inhibited the protein expression of β-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-Myc in breast cancer cells. In summary, we have shown that RBMS3 inhibited the proliferation and tumorigenesis of breast cancer cells, at least in part, through inactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Thus, RBMS3 may be a potential treatment target for breast cancer.
An Efficient Collinear FROG System to Character the Ultrafast Infrared Laser Pulse (2021)

We realized one efficient collinear FROG system to measure the infrared ultrafast laser pulse. The procedure, based on the type-II nonlinear crystal, allows measuring the SHG- FROG trace efficiency. The experimental regime has many advantages. For example, it is intrinsically simple that provides two ports for the input pulse laser in fiber or space. And, the system is of high sensitivity (3.5 pJ@ll MHz) that allows measuring some weak laser pulses. In addition, we proposed a multiple bin algorithm in phase retrieval, based on the constrained nonlinear multi-variable optimization, to reconstruct the FROG trace. The proposed collinear FROG provides good versatility as well as the ability to character the ultrafast laser pulse.
Discriminative Power of Chemically Sensitive Silicon Nanowire Field Effect Transistors to Volatile Organic Compounds (2013)

We report on the sensing of different polar and nonpolar volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in an atmosphere with background humidity (relative humidity: 40%), using molecularly modified silicon nanowire field effect transistors (SiNW FETs). In this endeavor, a systematic comparative analysis is performed with: (i) SiNW FETs that were functionalized with a series of molecules having different electron-withdrawing and electron-donating end groups; and (ii) SiNW FETs that are functionalized with a series of molecules having similar functional groups but different backbone lengths. The analysis of the sensing signals are focused on three main FET parameters: (i) changes in the threshold voltage, (ii) changes in the carrier mobility, and (iii) changes in the on-current, compared to the baseline values under vacuum. Using discriminant factor analysis, the performance of the molecularly modified SiNW FETs is further analyzed as sensors array. The combination of sensors having the best discriminative power between the various VOCs are identified and discussed in terms of their constituent surface modifications.
Recombination of Electrons at Ionized Donors in Silicon at Low Temperatures (1973)

Recombination cross sections for electrons at ionized, group-V donors in silicon have been measured between 1.5 and 20 K. The results are in good agreement with the theoretically predicted temperature dependence above 4 K, although the magnitude of the experimental cross section is larger by more than 2 orders of magnitude.
β-Galactosidase-activated theranostic for hepatic carcinoma therapy and imaging (2022)

A β-galactosidase activatable fluorescent turn-on theranostic Gal-CGem exhibits gemcitabine release specifically in β-galactosidase overexpressing hepatic carcinoma cells. The cytotoxicity of Gal-CGem in cancer cells is achieved through the apoptotic cell death pathway. Overall, Gal-CGem is a new frontline prodrug in cancer therapy that has provided antineoplastic information through fluorescence imaging.
Enhanced List-based Group-wise overloaded receiver with application to satellite reception (2014)

The market trends towards the use of smaller dish antennas for TV satellite receivers, as well as the growing density of broadcasting satellites in orbit require the application of robust adjacent satellite interference (ASI) cancellation algorithms at the receivers. The wider beamwidth of a small size dish and the growing number of satellites in orbit impose an overloaded scenario, i.e., a scenario where the number of transmitting satellites exceeds the number of receiving antennas. For such a scenario, we present a two stage receiver to enhance signal detection from the satellite of interest, i.e., the satellite that the dish is pointing to, while reducing interference from neighboring satellites. Towards this objective, we propose an enhanced List-based Group-wise Search Detection (LGSD) receiver architecture that takes into account the spatially correlated additive noise and uses the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) maximization criterion to improve detection performance. Simulations show that the proposed receiver structure enhances the performance of satellite systems in the presence of ASI when compared to existing methods.
Anisotropies in the optical ac and dc conductivities in lightly doped La2 −xSrxCuO4: the role of deep and shallow acceptor states (2011)

We investigate the origin of the optical ac and dc conductivity anisotropies observed in the low temperature orthorhombic phase of lightly doped, untwinned La(2 - x)Sr(x)NiO(4) single crystals. We show that these anisotropies can be naturally ascribed to the emergence of two odd parity, rotational-symmetry-broken, localized impurity acceptor states, one deeper and one shallower, resulting from the trapping of doped holes by the Coulomb potential provided by the Sr ions. These two lowest-energy, p-wave-like states are split by orthorhombicity and are partially filled with holes. This leaves a unique imprint in the optical ac conductivity, which shows two distinct far-infrared continuum absorption energies corresponding to the photoionization of the deep and shallow acceptor states. Furthermore, we argue that the existence of two independent and orthogonal channels for hopping conductivity, directly associated with the two orthorhombic directions, also quantitatively explains the observed low temperature anisotropies in the dc conductivity.
Understanding flavour release: the key to better food flavour? (1998)

The flavour of food is one of the key factors determining food quality and acceptance. When food is eaten, flavour compounds are released at different rates, depending on the physical properties of the molecules themselves and on the physical and chemical properties of the food matrix. When foods are reformulated to meet dietary goals (e.g. low sugar or fat, high fibre) there is a change in flavour release properties which adversely affects the perceived flavour. Flavour analysis has generally ignored the temporal aspects of flavour release but this parameter may help explain subtle differences in flavour perception. Methods for measuring sensory changes with time (time intensity analysis) are well established but methods for measuring the flavour volatiles delivered to the olfactory receptors have recently developed to the stage where detection at the ug/kg (ppb) level is achievable. Results from these measurements have been used to study flavour release from a range of foods. One application of this technique is to determine the differences in flavour release between regular and low‐fat foods. The information obtained can be used to reformulate flavours in a systematic manner to improve the flavour of low‐fat products.
13C NMR study of N‐unsubstituted aziridines: I—steric effects, pseudoconjugation (1976)

Abstract 13 C chemical shifts for twenty‐nine alkyl and phenyl substituted N‐unsubstituted aziridines have been measured. Additivity parameters for methyl, phenyl and aziridyl carbons have been derived with the aim of testing the consistency of the assignments made on the basis of chemical shift considerations and off‐resonance decoupling information. The observed chemical shifts are discussed in terms of steric and pseudoconjugation effects.
Sensing Construction Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) (2011)

Sensing Construction Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) Abdullatif Alwasel, Karim Elrayes, Eihab M. Abdel-Rahman, Carl Haas Pages 164-169 (2011 Proceedings of the 28th ISARC, Seoul, Korea, ISBN 978-89-954572-4-5, ISSN 2413-5844) Abstract: Much of the developed world's construction workforce is increasing in average age, and yet construction workers typically retire well before they reach the age of sixty. One reason is that their bodies are worn out because of the nature of the work. We therefore face the challenge of both reducing their physical stress and increasing their productive work life, if we wish to avert an economic and social crunch given the demographic trends towards an aging population in most developed countries. In particular, recent statistics from the U.S Department of labor show that 6.9% of all Work- related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) among workers in 2008 affected shoulders; this percentage becomes much larger for electricians, carpenters, and related construction crafts. The cost to our industry and to society is huge, and it is unnecessary. Reduction of certain types of movements and improvements in posture can result in reduced rates of shoulder WMSDs and in extended work lives. This can be done with a combination of robotics, work re-design, and work monitoring. This paper provides the statistical background and economic analysis that supports the scope of the problem, presents background on the kinematics of shoulder movement, and explains the biomechanics and causes of shoulder injuries. Then, preliminary results are presented for a prototype of a simple, low-cost, sensing solution for automatically monitoring undesirable movements and patterns of motion. It is expected that this could be broadly implemented to help reduce Construction Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs). Keywords: Robotics, Construction, Workers, Ergonomics, Musculoskeletal, Wireless, Fatigue, Gerontechnology DOI: https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC2011/0027 Download fulltext Download BibTex Download Endnote (RIS) TeX Import to Mendeley
ChemInform Abstract: THIOUREA DERIVATIVES OF 1,3,4‐THIADIAZOLE AND THEIR CYCLIZATION PRODUCTS (1976)

The synthesis and chemical behaviour of 1-methoxycarbonyl-3-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thyoureas and 7-alkyl-2-methyltio-1,3,4-thiadiazolo [3,2-a]-s-triazine-4-ones is described. All compounds were tested in vitro for their antibacterial activity.
Influence of Hydrothermal Treatment on Physicochemical Properties and Drug Release of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs of Intercalated Layered Double Hydroxide Nanoparticles (2014)

The synthesis method of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) determines nanoparticles' performance in biomedical applications. In this study, hydrothermal treatment as an important synthesis technique has been examined for its influence on the physicochemical properties and the drug release rate from drug-containing LDHs. We synthesised MgAl-LDHs intercalated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (i.e., naproxen, diclofenac and ibuprofen) using a co-precipitation method with or without hydrothermal treatment (150 °C, 4 h). After being hydrothermally treated, LDH-drug crystallites increased in particle size and crystallinity, but did not change in the interlayer anion orientation, gallery height and chemical composition. The drug release patterns of all studied LDH-drug hybrids were biphasic and sustained. LDHs loaded with diclofenac had a quicker drug release rate compared with those with naproxen and ibuprofen, and the drug release from the hydrothermally-treated LDH-drug was slower than the freshly precipitated LDH-drug. These results suggest that the drug release of LDH-drugs is influenced by the crystallite size of LDHs, which can be controlled by hydrothermal treatment, as well as by the drug molecular physicochemical properties.
Reply to D. Vordermark (2009)

I thank Dr Vordermark 1 for his interest in our articles and useful comments.I agree with his analysis of our report 2 that concluded that the cisplatin-based arm was less effective for local control and lead to a higher rate of colostomy than the mitomycinbased arm.At the present time, I am unable to supply the Kaplan-Meier survival curve that he requests but agree that it would be of considerable interest.I am, however, intrigued by his views that in certain patients, the treatment intensity can be reduced.This compliments the concept of individualization of therapy and a need for understanding the factors that mediate chemoradiotherapy resistance.We have previously suggested that understanding the molecular biology of anal canal cancer by studying pretreatment tissue for various relevant biomarkers could allow optimization of therapy. 2,3However, Dr Vordermark makes a point that takes such concepts to a higher level.By knowing in advance whose cancer is highly chemoradiotherapy sensitive, not only we can optimize therapy but we can also reduce its intensity (and thereby reduce toxicity).This type of concept building will benefit our future patients.
Early Intraneuronal β-Amyloid Pathology: Do Transgenic Mice Represent Valid Model Systems? (2008)

Whereas a plethora of studies focusses on extracellular plaque deposition, only a very limited amount of reports&#13;\ndeal with intraneuronal accumulation of A􀀂 peptides in human AD. However, over the past years, accumulating evidence&#13;\npoints to a significant role of intraneuronal A􀀂 triggering the pathological cascade leading to neurodegeneration in&#13;\nAlzheimer’s disease (AD). Much of the data originate from studies on transgenic mouse models of AD, where initial&#13;\nintraneuronal A􀀂 accumulation which predes extracellular plaque deposition, has been repeatedly reported. The current&#13;\nreview discusses the impact of this finding on the future development of novel mouse models for preclinical research as a&#13;\nbasis for therapeutic intervention.
МОДИФИЦИРОВАННАЯ СХЕМА ОТТО ВОЗБУЖДЕНИЯ ПОВЕРХНОСТНЫХ ПЛАЗМОНОВ (2016)

А new type of resonant excitation of surface plasmons is proposed and investigated which is characterized by the equality of the phase velocities and attenuation coefficients of the plasmons and an excitation field. It has been shown that this type of resonance can be realized by means of the modified Otto scheme. The peculiarity of this scheme is the presence in a transition layer of the periodic system of wedges allowing one to form an inclined evanescent wave. The calculation shows that the modified scheme can provide a local power gain of two orders greater as compared with the standard Otto scheme.