gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data management in real-time systems: a case of on-demand updates in vehicle control systems (2004)

Real-time and embedded applications normally have constraints both with respect to timeliness and freshness of data they use. At the same time it is important that the resources are utilized as efficient as possible, e.g., for CPU resources unnecessary calculations should be lowered as much as possible. This is especially true for vehicle control systems, which are our targeting application area. The contribution of this paper is a new algorithm (ODTB) for updating data items that can skip unnecessary updates allowing for better utilization of the CPU. Performance evaluations on an engine electronic control unit for automobiles show that a database system using the new updating algorithm reduces the number of recalculations to zero in steady states. We also evaluate the algorithm using a simulator and show that the ODTB performs better than well-established updating algorithms (up to 50% more committed transactions).
Toxin-Induced Experimental Models of Learning and Memory Impairment (2016)

Animal models for learning and memory have significantly contributed to novel strategies for drug development and hence are an imperative part in the assessment of therapeutics. Learning and memory involve different stages including acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval and each stage can be characterized using specific toxin. Recent studies have postulated the molecular basis of these processes and have also demonstrated many signaling molecules that are involved in several stages of memory. Most insights into learning and memory impairment and to develop a novel compound stems from the investigations performed in experimental models, especially those produced by neurotoxins models. Several toxins have been utilized based on their mechanism of action for learning and memory impairment such as scopolamine, streptozotocin, quinolinic acid, and domoic acid. Further, some toxins like 6-hydroxy dopamine (6-OHDA), 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and amyloid-β are known to cause specific learning and memory impairment which imitate the disease pathology of Parkinson's disease dementia and Alzheimer's disease dementia. Apart from these toxins, several other toxins come under a miscellaneous category like an environmental pollutant, snake venoms, botulinum, and lipopolysaccharide. This review will focus on the various classes of neurotoxin models for learning and memory impairment with their specific mechanism of action that could assist the process of drug discovery and development for dementia and cognitive disorders.
Flip chip bonding using isotropically conductive adhesives (2002)

In this paper results of investigations concerning the reliability of adhesive bumps are presented. These bumps interconnect test flip chips with different sizes to both Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ and FR4 substrates. The samples have been exposed to thermal cycling. The transition resistance of the bumps [TRR], and the resistance of daisy chains as criteria of the interconnection's quality, have been measured at different time instances of the environmental stress. Ag migration investigations were also carried out. This study shows that there is no reliable adhesive bump interconnection without the use of underfill material.
Filters for High-Speed Diode Modulators and Demodulators (1967)

The relationship between switching time, transient suppression, and filter complexity is derived for filter-type diode switches, along with the theoretical minimum switching time. Design criteria are developed for high-speed switches and detectors in waveguide and TEM transmission lines.
A novel path contribution analysis method for test- based NVH troubleshooting (2008)

Fifteen years of NVH applications make Transfer Path Analysis (TPA) appear a commodity tool. Despite the fact that TPA is used in a large variety of applications today, the method requires an expert in both the NVH problem and all the related signal and system analysis constraints. TPA is proven to be reliable, but the main bottleneck remains the huge measurement time to build the full data model. For this reason, industry is constantly seeking for simpler and faster methods. One such method is Operational Path Analysis (OPA), which was introduced about two years ago. OPA is a fully-operational method, requiring only operational measurements of the path references (body-side mount accelerations, pressures close to vibrating surfaces, nozzles and apertures, etc.) and target response(s). The OPA method is indeed very time-efficient, but suffers from several limitations leading to false path contributions and wrong engineering decisions. Its major limitations are: (i) cross-coupling effects between path references which may lead to faulty interpretations, (ii) potential errors due to missing paths and (iii) numerical ill-conditioning problems related to the estimation of transmissibilities from operational data. So, despite the fact that OPA is a very time-efficient approach, its benefit is limited in most application cases. This paper introduces a novel path contribution method which combines the advantages of classical TPA and OPA. The method is based on simplifications that allow balancing path accuracy and speed of execution. The principles of the method are first outlined. Then, the method is compared with the existing TPA and OPA methods using an automotive example.
HXS Performance on 30-31 January 2001 (2001)

The routinely employed periodic boundary conditions complicate molecular simulations of physiologically relevant asymmetric lipid membranes together with their distinct solvent environments. Therefore, separating the extracellular fluid from its cytosolic counterpart has often been performed using a costly double-bilayer setup. Here, we demonstrate that the lipid membrane and solvent asymmetry can be efficiently modeled with a single lipid bilayer by applying an inverted flat-bottom potential to ions and other solute molecules, thereby restraining them to only interact with the relevant leaflet. We carefully optimized the parameters of the suggested method so that the results obtained using the flat-bottom and double-bilayer approaches become mutually indistinguishable. Then, we apply the flat-bottom approach to lipid bilayers with various compositions and solvent environments, covering ions and cationic peptides to validate the approach in a realistic use case. We also discuss the possible limitations of the method as well as its computational efficiency and provide a step-by-step guide on how to set up such simulations in a straightforward manner.
Measuring the Viscosity of the Escherichia coli Plasma Membrane Using Molecular Rotors (2016)

The viscosity is a highly important parameter within the cell membrane, affecting the diffusion of small molecules and, hence, controlling the rates of intracellular reactions. There is significant interest in the direct, quantitative assessment of membrane viscosity. Here we report the use of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy of the molecular rotor BODIPY C10 in the membranes of live Escherichia coli bacteria to permit direct quantification of the viscosity. Using this approach, we investigated the viscosity in live E. coli cells, spheroplasts, and liposomes made from E. coli membrane extracts. For live cells and spheroplasts, the viscosity was measured at both room temperature (23°C) and the E. coli growth temperature (37°C), while the membrane extract liposomes were studied over a range of measurement temperatures (5-40°C). At 37°C, we recorded a membrane viscosity in live E. coli cells of 950 cP, which is considerably higher than that previously observed in other live cell membranes (e.g., eukaryotic cells, membranes of Bacillus vegetative cells). Interestingly, this indicates that E. coli cells exhibit a high degree of lipid ordering within their liquid-phase plasma membranes.
IDENTIFICATION OF HHV-8 SPECIFIC CYTOTOXIC T CELL RESPONSES (1999)

Wang, Q.; Jenkins, F. J.; Jacobson, L. P.; Pellett, P. E.; Kingsley, L. A.; Kousoulas, K. G.; Baghian, A.; Rinaldo, C. R. Jr Author Information
Recognizing Text with Perspective Distortion in Natural Scenes (2013)

This paper presents an approach to text recognition in natural scene images. Unlike most existing works which assume that texts are horizontal and frontal parallel to the image plane, our method is able to recognize perspective texts of arbitrary orientations. For individual character recognition, we adopt a bag-of-key points approach, in which Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) descriptors are extracted densely and quantized using a pre-trained vocabulary. Following [1, 2], the context information is utilized through lexicons. We formulate word recognition as finding the optimal alignment between the set of characters and the list of lexicon words. Furthermore, we introduce a new dataset called StreetViewText-Perspective, which contains texts in street images with a great variety of viewpoints. Experimental results on public datasets and the proposed dataset show that our method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art on perspective texts of arbitrary orientations.
The Evolution of Water Quality Criteria in the United States, 1922–2003 (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: References
Seasonal dynamics of American dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis (Say), populations in southwestern Nova Scotia (1978)

Seasonal activity and host relationships of the American dog tick in three areas of southwestern Nova Scotia are described from 1973 to 1975. The majority of Dermacentor variabilis individuals undergo a 2-year life cycle in Nova Scotia. Unfed adults and larvae are the two main overwintering stages. Adult tick activity extends from April to mid-August, with one population peak during May and (or) June. Peak adult densities, based on mark–recapture methods, were estimated between 7887 and 20 909 ticks per hectare at two areas during 1974 and 1975. Larval activity extending from late April to September was usually bimodal. The main peak of overwintered larvae engorged during June, while a second peak of recently hatched larvae, depending on weather conditions, usually occurred during August. The main relative larval density during the dominant spring peak was 3.95 larvae per host. Nymphal populations occurred between May and August with the unimodal activity pattern averaging 3.85 nymphs per host at the peak during June. The voles Microtus pennsylvanicus and Clethrionomys gapperi sustained almost 80% of all larvae and over 85% of all nymphs collected from mammal hosts. The snowshoe hare, Lepus americanus, and the jumping mouse, Zapus hudsonius, also harbored substantial numbers of immature ticks. Dermacentor variabilis life cycles studied in Massachusetts, Virginia, and Nova Scotia are compared.
Developing autonomous navigation algorithms using photorealistic simulation (2002)

One of the principal problems in developing an automated driver is deciding how to handle the plethora of different decisions that have to be made in tactical situations. Insight on these problems can be obtained by the concurrent development of a driving simulator that allows both human and automated driving. A unique feature of the driving simulator that we have built is the ability to track eye movements within a freely moving VR helmet. This allows the assessment of exigencies in complex situations that can be used to guide the development of automated routines.
Influence of climate variability on performance of wireless microwave links (2013)

Microwave telecommunications links that are operating above 10 GHz are significantly affected by precipitation, especially by rain. In order to study the attenuation caused by precipitation a measurement system is operating at BME-HVT. The results of the measurement system can also help to examine the change of the climate, whereas variations in the intensity and frequency of precipitation indicate variations in the characteristics of the propagation of microwaves as well. A nonconstant climate indicates necessary changes in the network planning of microwave telecommunication networks in order to adapt the link performance (i.e. availability, fade margin, etc.) to the forthcoming climate conditions. Moreover, whereas the climate can vary in time and space as well, it is important to have the local trends of the variation available. Our objective is to study the effects of the climate variability and climate change on the availability of the microwave networks by processing the attenuation measurement data of microwave links recorded during the last 14 years within local (Hungarian) conditions. In this paper results of four microwave links established in Budapest are investigated. In order to get a joint statistics of diverse links a transformation was performed on the attenuation data measured on the investigated microwave links. Thereby a local trend in the attenuation and fade duration statistics became available to be investigated, which is specific to Budapest. The results can help to improve the recommendations on microwave network planning and adapt them to the varying climate.
Neutral-beam diagnostic for fast confined alpha particles in a burning plasma: Application on CIT (1988)

Measurement of the slowing-down distribution for fast confined alpha particles is essential for a D–T burning-plasma experiment. Quantitative estimates of signal level for a fast neutral-beam probe using a two-electron-capture method of measuring the alpha-particle velocity distribution are presented as applied to the proposed tokamak CIT (Compact Ignition Tokamak). The best probe is found to be a fast ground-state helium-atom beam because of its relatively good penetration into a dense plasma and because of the large cross section for two-electron capture; fast He0 can be produced in useful quantities from fast HeH+, which is sufficient to allow time-resolved measurements of the alpha-particle velocity distribution in CIT.
Repeated Hepatic Resection versus Radiofrequency Ablation for Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Hepatic Resection: A Propensity Score Matching Study (2015)

The long-term OS and DFS were not significantly different between repeated hepatic resection and RF ablation for patients with recurrent HCC after hepatic resection.
Development and Biological Applications of Various Bioimaging Probes (2006)

Fluorescence imaging is the most powerful technique currently available for continuous observation of dynamic intracellular processes in living cells. However, only a very limited range of biomolecules can be visualized because of the lack of flexible design strategies for fluorescence probes. In our laboratory, it was elucidated that fluorescein which has been widely employed as a core of fluorescence probes could be understood as a directly linked electron donor/fluorophore acceptor system. Fluorescence properties of fluorescein derivatives could be easily anticipated and modulated by controlling the rate of photoinduced electron transfer (PeT) from the donor moiety to the xanthene fluorophore. Further, we found that the opposite direction of PeT from the singlet excited fluorophore to the electron acceptor moiety could be occurred. More than twenty probes for imaging of nitric oxide, beta-galactosidase, highly reactive oxygen species, zinc ion et al. have been developed according to precise and rational design strategies based on PeT mechanism.
Photon-stimulated desorption following deep core-level excitation: O on Mo(100) (1981)

The photon-stimulated desorption (PSD) of ${\mathrm{O}}^{+}$ ions from the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-oxygen (high-coverage) phase on Mo(100) has been studied using synchrotron radiation in the spectral range 17-570 eV. The ions were detected and mass analyzed by means of time-of-flight spectroscopy. The ${\mathrm{O}}^{+}$ yield shows resonances at all Mo core levels and the $1s$ level of oxygen. The results are discussed in terms of inter- and intra-atomic Auger transitions following the primary core excitation. The applicability of PSD as a probe for surface extended x-ray absorption fine-structure measurements is discussed.
Industrial On-Line Control of HVOF Spray Process Using SDC System (2003)

Abstract Coating production with reproducible properties within a range of values acceptable for the specific application requires a on-line control of the thermal spray process. Sprayed coatings present very often reproducibility problems due to spray parameter variations. In fact the quality of coatings is strongly linked to the temperature and velocity of particles at impact, and the temperature evolution of substrate and coating, before (preheating), during (spraying) and after (cooling). The particle temperature and velocity measurements require sophisticated devices rather expensive and not well adapted to work in the harsh environment of spray booths. Moreover in HVOF spraying, the particle surface temperature is generally below 2200K which make the measurements trickier than in plasma conditions. That is why, the Spray and Deposit Control (SDC) has been developed (collaboration between SPCTS laboratory of the University of Limoges and SNECMA Services), which allows to follow continuously both the light emitted by the hot particles (maximum intensity, mean trajectory and trajectory dispersion) and the substrate and coating temperature evolution during spraying. This simple and light system, fixed on the torch, has been tested in flame, plasma and HVOF spraying. The SDC measured parameters allow to develop easily process windows to obtain good working areas corresponding to specific coating parameters. In this study, the SDC on-line system is used in industrial conditions to optimize and control the HVOF spraying of carbide (WC-Co 17% wt) powders. A special attention is given to the possibilities of process parameters adjustment to regain the specific particle jet parameters and the good substrate temperature, in case of measured SDC parameters shifting. This study demonstrates the SDC system ability for an industrial on-line control of HVOF spraying, using process maps, to increase the consistency of coating properties. It is a step to a closed-loop control of the process through both the particle spray jet properties (mean trajectory and radiated flux distribution) and the target surface temperature.
Preparation and X-ray analysis of 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,5-triselenan (triselenoparaldehyde) and of 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,5-dioxaselenan (monoselenoparaldehyde) (1967)

L. Credali, M. Russo, L. Mortillaro, C. De Checchi, G. Valle and M. Mammi, J. Chem. Soc. B, 1967, 117 DOI: 10.1039/J29670000117
Enhancing the Performance of SIP in UMTS (2008)

Session setup time is a critical factor for multimedia applications. Some of the factors that affect the session setup delay are length of SIP messages, bandwidth and packet loss in wireless link This paper aims at reducing the session setup delay in UMTS IP Multimedia Subsystem. We propose compression of SIP header by Text-based Compression using Cache and Blank (TCCB) approach and a caching scheme. In caching scheme, during registration, the address of serving call session control function (S-CSCF) of mobile users are cached at Interrogating-CSCF (I-CSCF). Typically, it takes 300 ms to find the address of called mobile user's Serving CSCF and it can be minimized using cache. A simulation has been carried out to analyze the effect of SIP header compression and caching scheme. The result shows that for 9.6 Kbps channel, a reduction of 25% is possible and for 19.2 Kbps channel 19% reduction can be achieved.
On the eigenvalues of finite rank Bratteli–Vershik dynamical systems (2009)

Abstract In this article we study conditions to be a continuous or a measurable eigenvalue of finite rank minimal Cantor systems, that is, systems given by an ordered Bratteli diagram with a bounded number of vertices per level. We prove that continuous eigenvalues always come from the stable subspace associated with the incidence matrices of the Bratteli diagram and we study rationally independent generators of the additive group of continuous eigenvalues. Given an ergodic probability measure, we provide a general necessary condition for there to be a measurable eigenvalue. Then, we consider two families of examples, a first one to illustrate that measurable eigenvalues do not need to come from the stable space. Finally, we study Toeplitz-type Cantor minimal systems of finite rank. We recover classical results in the continuous case and we prove that measurable eigenvalues are always rational but not necessarily continuous.
Improving the efficiency of polymer solar cells by incorporating gold nanoparticles into all polymer layers (2011)

We demonstrate efficiency improvement in polymer solar cells (PSCs) by ∼22% through incorporating Au nanoparticles (NPs) into all polymer layers. Au NPs are found to have distinct mechanisms in improving device performance when incorporated in different polymer layers. Au NPs in poly-(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) mainly contribute to better hole collection while Au NPs in active layer contributes to the enhanced optical absorption and more balanced charge-transport. Our theoretical result shows that the absorption enhancement at the active layer is attributed to plasmon resonances with strong near-field distributions penetrated into absorption polymers. These findings can be applied to design high-efficiency metallic NPs-incorporated PSCs.
Chip-scale Brillouin instantaneous frequency measurement by use of one-shot frequency-to-power mapping based on lock-in amplification (2021)

We demonstrate a chip-scale scheme of Brillouin instantaneous frequency measurement (IFM) in a CMOS-compatible doped silica waveguide chip. In the chip-scale Brillouin IFM scheme, the frequency-to-power mapping process is achieved by one-shot detection without additional time averaging and implemented by lock-in amplification, which successfully detects the Brillouin gain of the doped silica waveguide chip in the time domain. A Costas frequency modulated signal ranging from 8 GHz to 9 GHz is experimentally measured, and the frequency measurement errors are maintained within 58 MHz.
A qualitative-modeling-based low-power silicon nerve membrane (2014)

The silicon neuronal network is an electronic circuit system that reproduces the electrophysiological activities of the nervous system in real-time or faster, which is composed of silicon neuron circuits connected via silicon synapse circuits. It is a candidate for the next-generation computing platform because it is expected to realize the low-power, autonomous, and intelligent information processing similar to the brain. The dynamical property of silicon neuron circuits is a most important factor for information processing in the silicon neuronal networks. In many silicon neuron circuits, however, their spike generation dynamics is drastically approximated by resetting of the state variables. We have developed a silicon nerve membrane circuit which is free of this approximation and configurable to Class I and II in the Hodgkin's classification after fabrication. By using mathematical techniques in the qualitative neuronal modeling, we accomplished low-power consumption around 3 nW, which is comparable to the leading-edge silicon neuron circuits. It was designed for TSMC 0.25μm CMOS process and all the transistors are in their subthreshold domain. In this article, its simulation results by Spectre software are reported.
Subpixel motion estimation from sequences of video images (2000)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2000.