gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distributed SPARQL query engine using MapReduce (2010)

The Semantic Web is an emerging technology which aims at making data across the globe semantically connected. The data is represented in a very simple statement-like construct having a subject, predicate and an object. This can be visualized as a graph with the subject and the object as nodes and the predicate as an edge connecting the two nodes. When many statements like these are collected together they forms an RDF graph. There are RDF query languages to query such data, and SPARQL is one of them. According to the SP2Bench performance benchmarks, the SPARQL queries are very slow for RDF data with millions of triples. Hence, we aim to develop a distributed SPARQL query engine using the MapReduce (introduced by Google) model of parallelization and hypothesize that this system will outperform the scalability and performance reported by the SP2Bench. We extend ARQ, an open source SPARQL query engine provided by the Jena framework, to work with the Hadoop MapReduce framework and implement distributed SPARQL query processing. This thesis provides the detailed implementation and algorithmic details of our work. We contribute two novel methods to optimise RDF query engine which exploits document indexes and a join pre-processing technique. The experimental results show the merits and demerits of using MapReduce for distributed RDF query processing and provides us a clear path for future work.
Reduction of β-Chlorovinylaldehydes with Zinc Powder (1972)

Treatments of β-chlorovinylaldehydes with zinc powder in ethanol selectively remove the β-chlorine atom to give the α, β-unsaturated aldehydes. However, the same treatments in nitrogen atmosphere and, preferably, by using the activated zinc powder lowered remark ably the yield of the α, β-unsaturated aldehydes and give the reductive dimer, 1, 2-di-(1-alkenyl) ethylene glycol, as major product.
Model predictive torque and flux control of induction motor fed by Three Level Indirect Matrix Converter with unity power factor strategy (2016)

This paper studies the unification of Predictive Torque Control (PTC) with Instantaneous Unity Power Factor (IUPF) approach on a newly developed topology called Three Level Neutral Point Clamped Based Indirect Matrix Converter. Firstly, an extensive mathematical model of the converter is derived to comprehend the working principle of TLIMC. The IUPF strategy is embedded into this study to ascertain minimum reactive power. Two sets of simulations; with and without IUPF strategy are displayed for comparison purposes. The simulation results using Matlab/Simulink® show good torque and flux reference tracking ability for PTC but mediocre reactive power minimization whilst unification of IUPF and PTC exhibits reversed trend where torque and flux regulation is slightly underperformed with outstanding reactive power minimization.
Diacylglycerol Kinases as Emerging Potential Drug Targets for a Variety of Diseases: An Update (2016)

Ten mammalian diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) isozymes (α-κ) have been identified to date. Our previous review noted that several DGK isozymes can serve as potential drug targets for cancer, epilepsy, autoimmunity, cardiac hypertrophy, hypertension and type II diabetes (Sakane et al., 2008). Since then, recent genome-wide association studies have implied several new possible relationships between DGK isozymes and diseases. For example, DGKθ and DGKκ have been suggested to be associated with susceptibility to Parkinson's disease and hypospadias, respectively. In addition, the DGKη gene has been repeatedly identified as a bipolar disorder (BPD) susceptibility gene. Intriguingly, we found that DGKη-knockout mice showed lithium (BPD remedy)-sensitive mania-like behaviors, suggesting that DGKη is one of key enzymes of the etiology of BPD. Because DGKs are potential drug targets for a wide variety of diseases, the development of DGK isozyme-specific inhibitors/activators has been eagerly awaited. Recently, we have identified DGKα-selective inhibitors. Because DGKα has both pro-tumoral and anti-immunogenic properties, the DGKα-selective inhibitors would simultaneously have anti-tumoral and pro-immunogenic (anti-tumor immunogenic) effects. Although the ten DGK isozymes are highly similar to each other, our current results have encouraged us to identify and develop specific inhibitors/activators against every DGK isozyme that can be effective regulators and drugs against a wide variety of physiological events and diseases.
The CNS as a target for peptides and peptide-based drugs (2006)

Peptides hold great potential as CNS drugs, but their delivery to the CNS is problematic. However, actual roadblocks to peptide delivery are different from those often perceived. Many peptides cross the blood-brain barrier by saturable and non-saturable mechanisms, and accumulate in brain in amounts sufficient to produce physiological effects. Peripheral factors (e.g., short half-life in blood) can be dominant factors limiting therapeutic use. Production of therapeutics that are enzymatically resistant and have long circulation times, even when the blood-brain barrier penetration is low, can result in substances with significant CNS accumulation. Surprisingly low amounts of peptide in brain can result in CNS effects, and so the dose needed for brain delivery is generally much smaller than for peripheral tissues. Brain-to-blood transporters can greatly limit CNS accumulation of a potential therapeutic. Finally, intranasal and intrathecal routes may be especially useful for substances that are rapidly degraded in blood or are large and hydrophobic, respectively.
Zigzag-HVP: A Cost-effective Technique to Mitigate Soft Errors in Caches with Word-based Access (2006)

Error Correction Code (ECC) is widely used to detect and correct soft errors in VLSI caches. Maintaining ECC on a per-word basis, which is preferable in caches with word-based access, is expensive. This paper proposes Zigzag-HVP, a cost-effective technique to detect and correct soft errors in such caches. Zigzag-HVP utilizes horizontal-vertical parity (HVP). HVP maintains the parity of a data array both horizontally and vertically. Basic HVP can detect and correct a single bit error (SBE), but not a multi-bit error (MBE). By dividing the data array into multiple HVP domains and interleaving bits of different domains, a spatial MBE can be converted to multiple SBEs, each of which can be detected and corrected by the corresponding parity domain. Vertical parity updates and error recovery in Zigzag-HVP can be efficiently executed through modifications to the cache data paths, write-buffer, and Built-In Self Test. The evaluation results indicate that the area and power overheads of Zigzag-HVP caches are lower than those of ECC-based ones.
Energy gaps of theA−15superconductorsNb3Sn,V3Si, andNb3Ge measured by tunneling (1979)

Tunnel junctions with good quasiparticle (Giaever) and pair (Josephson) tunneling characteristics have been made on electron-beam coevaporated thin films of some important high-temperature superconductors which have the $A\ensuremath{-}15$ crystalline structure. Using the thermally grown oxide of niobium tin to make Nb-Sn---oxide---Pb junctions we estimate the gap, ${\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{\mathrm{N}\mathrm{b}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{S}\mathrm{n}}$, as a function of composition from the current-voltage characteristics. Stoichiometric ${\mathrm{Nb}}_{3}$Sn is strong coupling with $\frac{2\ensuremath{\Delta}}{{k}_{B}{T}_{c}}=4.2\ensuremath{-}4.4$ whereas with less tin Nb-Sn has a low ${T}_{c}$ and becomes weak coupling. On vanadium silicon we could only make good junctions by evaporating a thin silicon layer, with thickness in the range 1.6-16 nm, on the fresh $A\ensuremath{-}15$ film before junction fabrication. V-Si is essentially weak coupling for all compositions with $\frac{2\ensuremath{\Delta}}{{k}_{B}{T}_{c}}=3.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2$. The characteristics of tunnel junctions on high-${T}_{c}$ niobium-germanium films always show evidence for multiple gaps and the data on this interesting material are more difficult to interpret.
Performance Enhancement of Space-Time Trellis Codes When Encountering AWGN and Ricean Channels (2005)

Space-time trellis codes (STTCs) have been designed for quasi-static Rayleigh channels. When these codes are directly used for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels or Ricean channels with a high K factor, their frame error-rate (FER) performance is no longer optimal. We propose open-loop (no feedback) preprocessing methods for improving the error-rate performance of these codes when used in channels with a high K. For K=0 (Rayleigh channels), these open-loop schemes generally do not alter the FER performance of the STTCs. The preprocessing operation at the transmitter is either to rotate the constellation points in one of the transmit antennas relative to the other by some angle, or suitably divide (unequally) the total power between the two transmit antennas. The angle of rotation and power division is optimized by maximizing the d/sub free/ of the STTCs. Simulation results show that for AWGN or Ricean fading channels with a large K, the FER performance can be significantly improved by doing either rotation or power division at the transmitter. While the FER performance is nearly unchanged for quasi-static Rayleigh channels, the improvement in performance is between 1 to 3 dB for Ricean or AWGN channels.
IP over ICN - The better IP? (2015)

This paper presents a proposition for informationcentric networking (ICN) that lies outside the typical trajectory of aiming for a wholesale replacement of IP as the internetworking layer of the Internet. Instead, we propose that a careful exploitation of key ICN benefits, expanding previously funded ICN efforts, will enable individual operators to improve the performance of their IP-based services along many dimensions. Alongside the main motivation for our work, we present an early strawman architecture for such an IP-over-ICN proposition, which will ultimately be implemented and trialed in a recently started H2020 research effort.
The use of intra‐articular Na‐hyaluronate as a potential chondroprotective device in experimentally induced acute articular cartilage injury and repair in rabbits (2003)

The results in the present study suggest a potential protective effect of HA on chymopapain-induced acute articular cartilage injury in rabbits that, in time, permits damaged cartilage to resynthesize matrix PGs after the HA treatment is discontinued.
Astrobee: A New Tool for ISS Operations (2018)

Astrobee is a new class of free-flying robots that operate in the interior of the International Space Station (ISS). In addition to providing a research platform for zero-g free-flying robotics (replacing the Synchronized Position Hold Engage and Reorient Experimental Satellites (SPHERES)), Astrobee improves the efficiency of ISS operations by providing flight and payload controllers with a mobile camera/sensor platform. The Astrobee system consists of three robots, a docking station, and a ground data system. Development began in late 2014, and Astrobee will launch to ISS in late 2018. This paper provides an overview of the capabilities of the Astrobee system, the concept of operations for ISS operations support, and the challenges of operating a free-flying robot within the constraints of the ISS environment.
SiO2 planarization by two-step rf bias-sputtering (1985)

A new angled-surface-moving model for surface planarization by rf bias sputtering is proposed. This planarization is achieved by angular selective etching of SiO2 films on top of metal stripes. A two-step rf bias-sputtering technique was developed, based on the new model. In this technique, the substrate bias voltage was changed in two steps during bias sputtering. The first step was to fill gaps without microcracks. The second step was to planarize at higher substrate bias. The planarized SiO2 layer surface, deposited on thermally oxidized Si wafers with Mo stripe patterns, had good flatness. A planarized 4-level metallization test structure was fabricated by the two-step rf bias-sputtering.
Rate statistics for radio noise from lightning (1980)

Radio frequency noise from lightning was measured at several frequencies in the HF - VHF range at the Kennedy Space Center, Florida. The data were examined to determine flashing rate statistics during periods of strong activity from nearby storms. It was found that the time between flashes is modeled reasonably well by a random variable with a lognormal distribution.
<title>Test stations: a modular approach</title> (1996)

Recent requests for test stations to characterize and evaluate thermal and visible imaging systems have shown remarkable similarities. They contain the usual request for target patterns for the measurement of MRTD, NETD, SiTF for the infrared thermal imager and similar patterns for measuring CTF and SNR for the visible imager. The combined systems almost invariably include some type of laser designator/rangefinder in the total package requiring the need for LOS registration among the various individual units. Similarities also exist in that the requests are for large collimator apertures and focal lengths for projecting the desired signals into the unit under test apertures. Diversified Optical Products, Inc. has developed and is continually improving test station hardware and software to provide modularity in design and versatility in operation while satisfying individual test requirements and maintaining low cost. A high emissivity, DSP controlled, high slew rate, low cost, blackbody source with excellent uniformity and stability has been produced to function as the driver for thermal image target projectors. Several types of sources for producing energy in the visible portion of the spectrum have been evaluated. Software for selection of targets, sources, focus and auto- collimation has been developed and tested.
On the convergence of MDL density estimation (2004)

Abstract. We present a general information exponential inequality that measures the statistical complexity of some deterministic and randomized density estimators. Using this inequality, we are able to improve classical results concerning the convergence of two-part code MDL in [1]. Moreover, we are able to derive clean finite-sample convergence bounds that are not obtainable using previous approaches. 1
Novel Ultra-Thin SIW Antenna (2018)

Some of the benefits of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) with triangular transition region into dielectric antenna are addressed in this paper. This design is using SIW technique to provide a very low profile while radiating in end-fire mode in the Ku band. It is implemented in a printed circuit architecture, with the metal circuit cladding forming the waveguide top and bottom walls and closely spaced printed vias forming the waveguide sidewalls. Using the triangular transition structures along with substrate with dielectric constant of 10, the antenna size can be reduced to less than half in width and height compared to an end-fire SIW antenna without any transitional gratings. By optimizing the size of the triangular structures, the proposed antenna with wide operating bandwidth of 3GHz in Ku band can be realized. The next phase of the project is to manufacture the SIW antenna and validate the simulation results.
Long-term PFS from TIVO-3: Tivozanib (TIVO) versus sorafenib (SOR) in relapsed/refractory (R/R) advanced RCC. (2022)

362 Background: The TIVO-3 trial supported FDA-approval of TIVO in R/R advanced RCC, demonstrating significantly improved PFS over SOR in the primary independent review committee [IRC] analysis (HR: 0.672, 95% CI: 0.52-0.87). Long-term survival without disease progression (LT-PFS) is a clinically meaningful outcome among patients with R/R mRCC and ≥2 lines of prior therapy. We assessed the proportion of TIVO-3 patients living progression-free with R/R mRCC at 6-month intervals up to 4 years post-initiation of TIVO or SOR. Methods: Exploratory analysis of LT-PFS was calculated using investigator-assessment [INV] with a data cut-off of May 24, 2021. PFS hazard ratio and landmark values of LT-PFS at 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42 and 48 months are reported. Results include the ITT population, with censoring for missing assessments and discontinuation without PD. Cox proportional hazards and log-rank statistics were used to estimate the HR and 95% CI for INV-PFS; odds ratios (ORs) are reported for landmark timepoints up to 36-months. LT-PFS across prespecified subgroups were analyzed descriptively. Results: 350 patients were randomized to TIVO (n=175) or SOR (n=175). INV PFS was superior with TIVO vs SOR (HR: 0.624, 95% CI: 0.49-0.79). Landmark LT-PFS rates up to 48-months are consistently higher with TIVO vs SOR, with 12% vs 2% and 7.6% vs 0% at 3- and 4-years, respectively (Table). Despite low numbers of patients at risk with extended follow-up, subgroups with ≥15% LT-PFS at 3-years include IMDC favorable risk, female gender, ECOG PS0, age ≥65 years, and region NA – all confined to the TIVO arm. Conclusions: INV PFS with long-term follow-up is consistent with primary IRC PFS. Patients treated with TIVO were up to 5X more likely to experience LT-PFS compared to SOR. A clinically relevant minority of patients are alive and progression-free on TIVO at 3- and 4-years. Clinical trial information: NCT02627963. [Table: see text]
Evaluating the benefits realized from a nurse management information system (1997)

The information requirements of nurse managers have been uncreasing rapidly in recent years. The demand for access to relevant and accurate information has led to the development of computerized information systems for use a ward level. However, once implemented, few information systems have been evaluated to identify the benefits that will be realized. This paper presents the results of a study carried our in Oxford to evaluate one nurse management information system using a multi-method approach to identify ways in which returns may be manifested. It suggests that evaluation should be an active process planned at the same time is defining information requirements.
Current advances in immunotherapy for atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) (2023)

Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (ATRT) are rare and aggressive embryonal tumors of central nervous system that typically affect children younger than 3 years of age. Given the generally poor outcomes of patients with ATRT and the significant toxicities associated with conventional multi-modal therapies, there is an urgent need for more novel approaches to treat ATRT, one such approach being immunotherapy. The recent rise of large-scale, multicenter interdisciplinary studies has delineated several molecular and genetic characteristics unique to ATRT. This review aims to describe currently available data on the tumor immune microenvironment of ATRT and its specific subtypes and to summarize the emerging clinical and preclinical results of immunotherapy-based approaches. It will also highlight the evolving knowledge of epigenetics on immunomodulation in this epigenetically influenced tumor, which may help guide the development of effective immunotherapeutic approaches in the future.
141 Tissue factor pathway inhibitor regulates vascular development in zebrafish (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Angiogenesis requires the coordinate regulation of multiple biological pathways, including haemostasis. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is a potent anticoagulant molecule, inhibiting tissue factor-led coagulation. However, the role of TFPI in vascular development is unknown. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) provide a unique model system to study vascular development in vertebrates. Despite the divergence of jawed fish (teleosts) over 430 million years ago, there is notable conservation of the constituent molecules of the clotting cascade. Multiple features make this vertebrate model unique, including its genetic accessibility, the ability to titrate the degree of genetic knock-down, external embryonic development, and the transparent nature of the embryos. <h3>Methods</h3> Using in-situ hybridisation techniques, we demonstrate TFPI expression during early vertebrate development. We then utilise transgenic fish with labelled endothelium (Fli1GFP) and erythrocytes (GATA1dsRed), to study in real time, concomitant fluorescent imaging of both structural development and dynamic blood flow observation, in living zebrafish embryos. <h3>Results</h3> TFPI expression was identified at 24 h post fertilisation (hpf) in the pronephros (Abstract 141 figure 1—dark blue staining denotes TFPI expression; none seen in control embryos). Subsequently, TFPI mRNA became more abundant, localising to developing kidney, gut, and vasculature. Morpholino (MO)-based knockdown of TFPI resulted in coagulopathy and disordered vascular development (Abstract 141 figure 2. left column: green endothelial Fli1GFP, right column: red erythrocytes. AB: uninjected controls. CD: MO controls. E–P: TFPI knockdown). Abnormally targetted (ie, vessels sprouting from normal site but growing in abnormal direction; grey arrows) and extra vessels (ie, superfluous vessels not seen in controls; white arrows in Abstract 141 figure 2EFHIK&amp;L) were seen by 48hpf. TFPI MO induced coagulopathy (a spontaneous clot or bleed; white arrows Abstract 141 figure 2GJMP) in 25.2±2.3% (p&lt;0.01 cf. uninjected controls) at 3 ng and 23.8±5.8% (p&lt;0.01) at 9 ng. Control embryos did not demonstrate significant signs of coagulopathy (3.3±3.3%). Extra arteries occurred in 26.4±2.6% (p&lt;0.001 by ANOVA cf. uninjected controls) of embryos injected with 3 ng of TFPI MO. To further define the role of TFPI in vascular function, RNAi-mediated knockdown of TFPI was performed in human endothelial cells (EC). Knockdown of TFPI resulted in enhanced EC tube formation on Matrigel and EC migration in injury model associated with increased phosphorylation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These data represent the first demonstration of TFPI expression in zebrafish and the first description of a unique phenotype following TFPI knockdown. They support a model in which TFPI acts a molecular break to angiogenesis both in vivo, during early vertebrate embryogenesis, and in vitro in mature human endothelial cells, secondary to constitutive regulation of VEGF signalling.
M2M technologies: Enablers for a pervasive Internet of Things (2014)

We survey the state-of-the-art on the Internet-of-Things (IoT) from a wireless communications point of view, as a result of the European FP7 project BUTLER which has its focus on pervasiveness, context-awareness and security for IoT. In particular, we describe the efforts to develop so-called (wireless) enabling technologies, aimed at circumventing the many challenges involved in extending the current set of domains (“verticals”) of IoT applications towards a “horizontal” (i.e. integrated) vision of the IoT. We start by illustrating current research effort in machine-to-machine (M2M), which is mainly focused on vertical domains, and we discuss some of them in details, depicting then the necessary horizontal vision for the future intelligent daily routine (“Smart Life”). We then describe the technical features of the most relevant heterogeneous communications technologies on which the IoT relies, under the light of the on-going M2M service layer standardization. Finally we identify and present the key aspects, within three major cross-vertical categories, under which M2M technologies can function as enablers for the horizontal vision of the IoT.