gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Amino Acid Sequence Studies of the Hypervariable Regions of Human Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains (1971)

Abstract Hypervariable regions of immunoglobulins are thought to be the areas of the immunoglobulin molecule involved in antibody complementarity. Three hypervariable regions have been described in immunoglobulin light chains (24 to 34, 50 to 56, 89 to 97). Since immunoglobulin heavy chains are presumed to share a common evolutionary origin with light chains it has been presumed that similar hypervariable areas would be found in the heavy chains as well. Eight human immunoglobulin heavy chains of the HVIII subgroup were sequenced to step 40 utilizing a Beckman model 890 Protein Sequencer. From the N terminus to residue 30, variation was minimal. Residues 31 through 35 showed extreme variability. A gap was inserted in position 36 and 37 to maximize homology with HVII proteins. Positions 38 to 40 were invariant. By CNBr cleavage a fragment was obtained from several HVIII proteins starting at position 85. Two hypervariable areas were documented in this region (85 to 91 and 101 to 110). These were separated by an area which was quite constant (92 to 100). Thus, human immunoglobulin heavy chains also possess a minimum of three hypervariable regions. (Supported by NSF Grant GB-17046 and NIH Grant AI-09810-01S1).
Chemistry of pyrrocorphins: structure of nickel(II)ccccc-octaethyl-pyrrocorphinate in the solid state and in solution. Observation of the inversion barrier between enantiomorphically ruffled conformers (1985)

R. Waditschatka, C. Kratky, B. Jaun, J. Heinzer and A. Eschenmoser, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1985, 1604 DOI: 10.1039/C39850001604
Multipurpose Polymer Bragg Grating-Based Optomechanical Sensor Pad (2019)

Flexible epoxy waveguide Bragg gratings are fabricated on a low-modulus TPX™ polymethylpentene polyolefin substrate for an easy to manufacture and low-cost optomechanical sensor pad providing exceedingly multipurpose application potentials. Rectangular EpoCore negative resist strip waveguides are formed employing standard UV mask lithography. Highly persistent Bragg gratings are inscribed directly into the channel waveguides by permanently modifying the local refractive indices through a well-defined KrF excimer laser irradiated +1/-1 order phase mask. The reproducible and vastly versatile sensing capabilities of this easy-to-apply optomechanical sensor pad are demonstrated in the form of an optical pickup for acoustic instruments, a broadband optical accelerometer, and a biomedical vital sign sensor monitoring both respiration and pulse at the same time.
Flagellar and global gene regulation in Helicobacter pylori modulated by changes in DNA supercoiling (2007)

In Helicobacter pylori, a host-adapted bacterium with a small genome and few dedicated transcriptional regulators, promoter structure, and gene organization suggested a role for DNA topology in the transcriptional regulation of flagellar genes. H. pylori DNA supercoiling, monitored by a reporter plasmid, was relaxed by novobiocin, an inhibitor of DNA gyrase. A decrease in negative supercoiling coincided with lowered transcription of the late flagellin gene flaA. Targeted mutagenesis that either increased or decreased promoter spacer length in the flaA sigma(28) promoter lowered flaA transcript levels, expression of FlaA protein, and flagella formation. It also changed the promoter response to decreased superhelicity. Supercoiling of reporter plasmid DNA in H. pylori varied with growth phase in liquid culture. H. pylori sigma(28) promoters of various spacer length, as well as other supercoiling-sensitive genes, were differentially transcribed during the growth phases, consistent with supercoiling being associated with growth phase regulation. Genome-wide transcript analysis of wild-type H. pylori under conditions of reduced supercoiling identified flagellar, housekeeping, and virulence genes, the expression of which correlated with supercoiling change and/or growth phase. These data indicate that global supercoiling changes may help coordinate temporal (growth phase-related) regulation of flagellar biosynthesis and other cellular functions in Helicobacter.
Automatic and Adaptive Red Eye Detection and Removal : Investigation and Implementation (2012)

Redeye artifact is the most prevalent problem in the flash photography, especially using compact cameras with built-in flash, which bothers both amateur and professional photographers. Hence, removing the affected redeye pixels has become an important skill. This thesis work presents a completely automatic approach for the purpose of redeye detection and removal and it consists of two modules: detection and correction of the redeye pixels in an individual eye, detection of two red eyes in an individual face.This approach is considered as a combination of some of the previous attempts in the area of redeye removal together with some minor and major modifications and novel ideas. The detection procedure is based on the redness histogram analysis followed by two adaptive methods, general and specific approaches, in order to find a threshold point. The correction procedure is a four step algorithm which does not solely rely on the detected redeye pixels. It also applies some more pixel checking, such as enlarging the search area and neighborhood checking, to improve the reliability of the whole procedure by reducing the image degradation risk. The second module is based on a skin-likelihood detection algorithm. A completely novel approach which is utilizing the Golden Ratio in order to segment the face area into some specific regions is implemented in the second module. The proposed method in this thesis work is applied on more than 40 sample images; by considering some requirements and constrains, the achieved results are satisfactory.
Digital Image Holograms (2017)

For both practical and philosophical reasons, both the security and display limbs of the hologram industry have advanced towards an ability to produce sophisticated new images in a modern form involving digital graphics and process automation. Landis and Gyr invented the Kinegram and this could realistically lay claim to being the first commercial application of digital holography. The Kinegram process is a high-resolution vector graphics system with line spacing in excess of 1000 lines per millimetre. The described vector-based Kinegram method differs substantially from the e-beam lithographic and other digital methods, wherein the surface is divided geometrically into simple pixels or into linear “tracks”, which are grid-like surface sub-divisions. One of the advantages of e-beam work is its very high resolution in comparison with the techniques where visible light is used to address the recording material; the ability to write individual diffraction fringes.
Silicon Gradient Refractive Index Lens for Millimeter Wave Radiometers (2019)

We propose a radiometer receiver array based on a silicon microlens array and MMIC detectors at 200 - 250 GHz. The paper describes the array concept and details microlens development. Planar Gradient Refractive Index (GRIN) lenses have been chosen for the array. Fabrication process based on DRIE etching of silicon has been developed, and lenses designed. The first measurement results of the lens are presented.
Vibrational Circular Dichroism: Recent Advances for the Assignment of the Absolute Configuration of Natural Products (2017)

Vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) emerged during the last decade as a reliable tool for the absolute configuration (AC) determination of organic compounds. The principles, instrumentation, and methodology applied prior to early 2013 were recently reviewed by us. Since VCD is a very dynamic field, the aim of this review is to update VCD advances for the AC assignment of terpenoids, aromatic compounds, alkaloids, and other natural products for the 2013-2014 period, when VCD was applied to the AC assignment of some 70 natural products. In addition, although discovered in 2012, a brief introduction to the VCD exciton coupling approach and its applications in natural products AC assignment is presented.
The growth of Bacillus stearothermophilus on stainless steel (2001)

Biofilms of B. stearothermophilus growing in dairy manufacturing plants can explain the contamination of dairy products with these bacteria.
High-risk left main coronary stenting supported by percutaneous Impella Recover LP 2.5 assist device. (2007)

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of complex coronary lesions in patients with severely depressed left ventricular (LV) function may increasingly constitute an alternative to surgical revascularization. The availability of hemodynamic support devices offers a promising option to reduce PCI-related complications in such high-risk procedures. We report the case of successful distal left main coronary artery T-stenting supported by the Impella Recover LP 2.5 assist device in a patient with severe LV dysfunction.
Polymerization of aromatic olefins in the system liquid sulfur dioxide–percompounds: The nature of the initiation (1980)

Abstract Indene, α‐methylstyrene, and styrene were polymerized in liquid sulfur dioxide in the presence of hydroperoxides and peracids. With indene, depending on the molar ratio of the monomer to sulfur dioxide, homopolymerization and polysulfone formation could be observed. With α‐methylstyrene spontaneous polymerization in liquid sulfur dioxide was observed; the addition of hydroperoxide increased the yield and molecular weight. Styrene was polymerized in this solvent with hydroperoxides and peracids, the latter being a more effective initiator. The initiation in these systems could be explained by the formation of a mixed anhydride between sulfuric acid and m ‐chlorobenzoic acid.
A simulation framework for camera sensor networks research (2008)

We present our progress on the Virtual Vision paradigm, which prescribes visually and behaviorally realistic virtual environments, called "reality emulators", as a simulation tool to facilitate research on large-scale camera sensor networks. We have successfully exploited a prototype reality emulator---a virtual train station populated with numerous autonomous pedestrians---to rapidly develop novel solutions to challenging problems, such as multi-camera control and scheduling for persistent human surveillance by next-generation networks of smart cameras deployed in extensive public spaces.
Porous Plant Growth Media Design Considerations for Lunar and Martian Habitats (2009)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Lunar-and Martian-based plant growth facilities pose novel challenges to design and management of porous medium-based root-zone environments. For example, to achieve similar equilibrium water content distribution using potting soil, a 10 cm tall root zone on earth needs to be 60 cm tall on the moon. We used analytical models to parameterize porous plant growth media for reduced gravity conditions. This approach is straight-forward because the equilibrium capillary potential scales linearly with gravity force. However, the highly non-linear water retention character is tied to particle size through the resulting pore-size distribution. Therefore interpreting the corresponding particle size and generating and evaluating the porous medium hydraulic properties remains a challenge. Soil physical principles can be applied to address the ultimate concern of controlling fluids (O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O) within the plant root-zone in reduced gravity. Resulting gravel-sized particles for Lunar gravity would theoretically provide a rooting environment whose vertical extent is minimized to conserve energy, water and space resources while providing an optimal root zone for plant growth. However, issues relating to larger pores, thicker water films and reduced matric potentials may pose unforeseen problems for plant growth that will need to be addressed.&lt;/div&gt;
Separation of naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde-derivatized-substance P and its metabolites by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (2000)

This paper describes the development of analytical methodology for the separation of naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde (NDA)-derivatized substance P (CBI-SP) and five lysine-containing metabolites by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC). The effect of surfactant composition and organic modifiers on the separation was investigated. The final separation buffer consisted of 80 mM sodium cholate in 50 mM N-tris (hydroxymethyl)methyl-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid (TES), pH 7. All six lysine-containing peptides were separated under these conditions.
Finding Motifs in a Database of Shapes (2007)

The problem of efficiently finding images that are similar to a target image has attracted much attention in the image processing community and is rightly considered an information retrieval task. However, the problem of finding structure and regularities in large image datasets is an area in which data mining is beginning to make fundamental contributions. In this work, we consider the new problem of discovering shape motifs, which are approximately repeated shapes within (or between) image collections. As we shall show, shape motifs can have applications in tasks as diverse as anthropology, law enforcement, and historical manuscript mining. Brute force discovery of shape motifs could be untenably slow, especially as many domains may require an expensive rotation invariant distance measure. We introduce an algorithm that is two to three orders of magnitude faster than brute force search, and demonstrate the utility of our approach with several real world datasets from diverse domains.
Cloning of double stranded DNAs derived from polysomal mRNA of maize endosperm: isolation and characterisation of zein clones (1979)

Starting from polysomal RNA of developing maize endosperm and applying the cloning procedure of integrating dsDNA into the Pst I site of plasmid pBR 322, clones containing sequences complementary to endosperm mRNAs were obtained. 25 per cent of these clones were identified as containing zein specific DNA sequences which hybridized either with the zein mRNA coding for the 22 000 Mr protein or with the zein mRNA coding for the 19 000 Mr protein. The zein-specific DNA inserts of the recombinant plasmids were further characterized by restriction enzyme analysis.
Activity Recognition Using Body Mounted Sensors: An Unsupervised Learning based Approach (2012)

International audience
Finite volume method for the solution of flow on distorted meshes (2007)

Purpose To improve flow solutions on meshes with cells/elements which are distorted/ non‐orthogonal. Design/methodology/approach The cell‐centred finite volume (FV) discretisation method is well established in computational fluid dynamics analysis for modelling physical processes and is typically employed in most commercial tools. This method is computationally efficient, but its accuracy and convergence behaviour may be compromised on meshes which feature cells with non‐orthogonal shapes, as can occur when modelling very complex geometries. A co‐located vertex‐based (VB) discretisation and partially staggered, VB/cell‐centred (CC), discretisation of the hydrodynamic variables are investigated and compared with purely CC solutions on a number of increasingly distorted meshes. Findings The co‐located CC method fails to produce solutions on all the distorted meshes investigated. Although more expensive computationally, the co‐located VB simulation results always converge whilst its accuracy appears to grace‐fully degrade on all meshes, no matter how extreme the element distortion. Although the hybrid, partially staggered, formulations also allow solutions on all the meshes, the results have larger errors than the co‐located vertex based method and are as expensive computationally; thus, offering no obvious advantage. Research limitations/implications Employing the ability of the VB technique to resolve the flow field on a distorted mesh may well enable solutions to be obtained on complex meshes where established CC approaches fail Originality/value This paper investigates a range of cell centred, vertex based and hybrid approaches to FV discretisation of the NS hydrodynamic variables, in an effort characterize their capability at generating solutions on meshes with distorted or non‐orthogonal cells/elements.
Open/Cased Hole Inflatable Whipstock Anchor (2001)

Abstract The open/cased hole Inflatable Whipstock Anchor, (IWA), was designed to operate in a wide range of casing weights and hole sizes. It was originally conceived for cased hole applications but has proven adaptable to certain open hole applications. The goal was to build a whipstock anchor that would benefit a customer who needs to mill a window in old or damaged casing and reduce response time to the customers request by having a tool available that could be used in various hole sizes.
Investigation of electrodynamic stabilization and control of long orbiting tethers (1980)

The state-of-the-art in tether modelling among participants in the Tethered Satellite System (TSS) Program, the slack tether and its behavior, and certain advanced applications of the tether to problems in orbital mechanics are identified. The features and applications of the TSS software set are reviewed. Modelling the slack tether analytically with as many as 50 mass points and the application of this new model to a study of the behavior of a broken tether near the Shuttle are described. A reel control algorithm developed by SAO and examples of its use are described, including an example which also demonstrates the use of the tether in transferring a heavy payload from a low-orbiting Shuttle to a high circular orbit. Capture of a low-orbiting payload by a Space Station in high circular orbit is described. Energy transfer within a dumbbell-type spacecraft by cyclical reeling operations or gravitational effects on the natural elasticity of the connecting tether, it is shown, can circularize the orbit of the spacecraft.
Influence of the atmospheric humidity on the behaviour of silicon AFM probes in photon scanning tunneling microscopy (1998)

The photon scanning tunneling microscopy (PSTM) allows to characterize the surface topography with high resolution. This microscopy exploits the exponential decay of the evanescent field achieved by the total internal reflection under the surface sample. When the distance between the sensor and the surface becomes small (~ 100 nm), the non propagating photons of the evanescent field can be converted into guided propagating mode of polaritons. A bulk Silicon probe is used in the AFM experiment as a sensor of van der Waals forces. The aim of this paper is to discuss the influence of the atmospheric humidity on the PSTM measurements. We have showed that the theoretical predictions of the dielectrical capture model (DCM) are very different from the experimental results when the humidity level is higher than a threshold value (30%). We present the results obtained with TE polarization, but the same behaviour is found with TM polarization. Although, in this paper we do not propose a theoretical model explaining the deviations between DCM values and experimental, however we found a validity threshold for our experimental results and we have emited the assumption that under high humidity level the pollution film presents on the sample surface slide during the displacement of the probe.
Cloud Computing: Web-Based Applications That Change the Way You Work and Collaborate Online (2008)

Describes what cloud computing is, looks at its benefits, and discusses how to access programs and documents from any computer.
Statistical properties of the impulse response function of double-carrier multiplication avalanche photodiodes including the effect of dead space (1992)

The statistical properties of the impulse response function of double-carrier multiplication avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are determined, including the effect of dead space, i.e., the minimum distance that a newly generated carrier must travel in order to acquire sufficient energy to become capable of causing an impact ionization. Recurrence equations are derived for the first and second moments and the probability distribution function of a set of random variables that are related, in a deterministic way, to the random impulse response function of the APD. The equations are solved numerically to produce the mean impulse response, the standard deviation, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), all as functions of time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The Condensaton of Rhodanine and Derivatives with Phenoxyacetic Acids (1963)

Abstract The condensation products of rhodanine and some of its derivatives with various formylphenoxyacetic acids have been examined with a view to obtaining compounds with potential systemic fungicidal or growth‐regulatory activity. The condensations between the rhodanines and the aldehydes were carried out in acid media and colored crystalline products were obtained in reasonable yield.
Resonant tunneling diodes: models and properties (1998)

The resonant tunneling diode (RTD) has been widely studied because of its importance in the field of nanoelectronic science and technology and its potential applications in very high speed/functionality devices and circuits. Even though much progress has been made in this regard, additional work is needed to realize the full potential of RTD's. As research on RTD's continues, we will try in this tutorial review to provide the reader with an overall and succinct picture of where we stand in this exciting field or research and to address the following questions: What makes RTD's so attractive? To what extent can RTD's be modeled for design purposes? What are the required and achievable device properties in terms of digital logic applications? To address these issues, we review the device operational principles, various modeling approaches, and major device properties. Comparisons among the various RTD physical models and major features of RTD's, resonant interband tunneling diodes, and Esaki tunnel diodes are presented. The tutorial and analysis provided in this paper may help the reader in becoming familiar with current research efforts, as well as to examine the important aspects in further RTD developments and their circuit applications.
Measures of abstinence in clinical trials: issues and recommendations (2003)

Journal Article The need for dissemination of evidence-based results from research on nicotine and tobacco Get access Gary E. Swan Gary E. Swan Correspondence: Gary E., Swan, Centers for Health Sciences, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Menio Park, CA 94025, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nicotine & Tobacco Research, Volume 5, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 7–8, https://doi.org/10.1080/1462220031000070552 Published: 01 February 2003
Expansion of the Ki-67 proliferative compartment correlates with degree of Dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus (1995)

The Ki-67 staining pattern correlated with histologic findings in Barrett's esophagus and may represent an additional parameter for differentiating patients with or without dysplasia.
Research of a 94 GHz/220 GHz cloud profile radar (2017)

A dual-band millimeter-wave cloud radar is studied in this paper. Firstly, the available frequencies for the dual-band operation are analyzed, including several atmospheric window, such as 94 GHz, 140 GHz and 220 GHz. Then, the equivalent radar cross section of the particles in cloud are studied, which is dependent on the particle' size and available frequencies. Based on the above analysis, 94 GHz and 220 GHz are chosen and the dual-band radar is designed.