gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hypoalgesia and altered inflammatory responses in mice lacking kinin B1 receptors (2000)

Kinins are important mediators in cardiovascular homeostasis, inflammation, and nociception. Two kinin receptors have been described, B1 and B2. The B2 receptor is constitutively expressed, and its targeted disruption leads to salt-sensitive hypertension and altered nociception. The B1 receptor is a heptahelical receptor distinct from the B2 receptor in that it is highly inducible by inflammatory mediators such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide and interleukins. To clarify its physiological function, we have generated mice with a targeted deletion of the gene for the B1 receptor. B1 receptor-deficient animals are healthy, fertile, and normotensive. In these mice, bacterial lipopolysaccharide-induced hypotension is blunted, and there is a reduced accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in inflamed tissue. Moreover, under normal noninflamed conditions, they are analgesic in behavioral tests of chemical and thermal nociception. Using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, we show that the B1 receptor was not necessary for regulating the noxious heat sensitivity of isolated nociceptors. However, by using an in vitro preparation, we could show that functional B1 receptors are present in the spinal cord, and their activation can facilitate a nociceptive reflex. Furthermore, in B1 receptor-deficient mice, we observed a reduction in the activity-dependent facilitation (wind-up) of a nociceptive spinal reflex. Thus, the kinin B1 receptor plays an essential physiological role in the initiation of inflammatory responses and the modulation of spinal cord plasticity that underlies the central component of pain. The B1 receptor therefore represents a useful pharmacological target especially for the treatment of inflammatory disorders and pain.
Testing the Limitations of MD-based Local Electric Fields Using the Vibrational Stark Effect in Solution: Penicillin G as a Test Case (2021)

&lt;div&gt;Non-covalent interactions underlie nearly all molecular processes in the condensed phase from solvation to&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;catalysis. Their quantification within a physically consistent framework remains challenging. Experimental vibrational Stark effect (VSE)-based solvatochromism can be combined with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to quantify the electrostatic forces in solute-solvent interactions for small rigid molecules and, by extension, when these solutes bind in enzyme active sites. While generalizing this approach towards more complex (bio)molecules, such as the conformationally flexible and charged penicillin G (PenG), we were surprised to observe inconsistencies in MD-based electric fields. Combining synthesis, VSE spectroscopy, and computational methods, we provide an intimate view on the origins of these discrepancies. We observe that the electrics fields are correlated to conformation-dependent effects of the flexible PenG side-chain, including both local solvation structure and solute conformational sampling in MD. Additionally, we identified that MD-based electric fields are consistently overestimated in 3-point water models in the vicinity of charged groups; this cannot be entirely ameliorated using polarizable force fields (AMOEBA) or advanced water models. This work demonstrates the value of the VSE as a direct method for experiment-guided refinements of MD force fields and establishes a general reductionist approach to calibrating vibrational probes for complex (bio)molecules.&lt;/div&gt;
Control of Plant Water Potential in Water Stress Studies (1991)

Weed seedlings were grown in a composite soil contained within a semipermeable membrane that allowed the development of consistent, reproducible levels of plant water stress. The water content of membrane units with a 1-cm cross section equilibrated most rapidly, within 3 to 5 days, with the external osmotic solution. The water potential (Ψ) of green foxtail grown in plant growth membrane units was curvilinearly related to the external polyethylene glycol (PEG) osmotic solution Ψ. This relationship permitted nondestructive estimation of plant Ψ. Green foxtail shoot growth in membrane units was reduced by decreasing Ψ of the external PEG osmotic solution and was completely arrested by high water stress induced by an −800 kPa external osmotic solution. The technique makes possible precise control and relatively rapid adjustment in the level and duration of plant Ψ of seedlings and small plants.
Analysis and Design of a High Voltage Integrated Class-B Amplifier for Ultra-Sound Transducers (2014)

Pulsers are usually adopted in ultra-sound applications due to their high efficiency. On the other hand, linear amplifiers would enable apodization profiles with high resolution, beams with low harmonic content and instantaneous changes in transmit energy between pulses. Their use is rather limited when relying on a discrete technology approach, due to high manufacturing costs and space occupation. In view of an increased level of integration, the availability of a BCD technology, capable of watts level driving at high frequency, encourages investigation of linear amplifiers, the topic of this work. Advantages in terms of reliability, space and cost would derive. The proposed amplifier, closed in a feedback loop, uses a high gm low-voltage transconductor driving a high voltage trans-impedance stage operating in class-B. Device parameters vary with signal amplitude making circuit analysis involved. Techniques to analyze large signal frequency response, distortion and stability are proposed in this paper leading to useful design insights. The amplifier has been realized in a BCD6-SOI technology and, from experimental results, it shows the following performances: 90Vpk-pk output swing with better than 60% power efficiency, 720 MHz GBW, and HD2 lower than -35 dB when driving a load made of a 100 Ω resistor shunted with a 150 pF capacitor, emulating the ultrasound transducer. Quiescent power dissipation is 37 mW only.
A Sub-Picosecond Hybrid DLL for Large-Scale Phased Array Synchronization (2018)

A large-scale timing synchronization scheme for scalable phased arrays is presented. This approach utilizes a DLL co-designed with a subsequent 2.5GHz PLL. The DLL employs a low noise, fine/coarse delay tuning to reduce the in-band rms jitter to 323fs, an order of magnitude improvement over previous works at similar frequencies. The DLL was fabricated in a 65nm bulk CMOS process and was characterized from 27MHz to 270MHz. It consumes up to 3.3mW from a 1V power supply and has a small footprint of 0.036mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
A RELEASE OF RENIN FROM DOG KIDNEY CORTEX SLICES (1970)

A release of renin from kidney cortex slices in vitro was first reported by the present authors (1). Recently, the renin release from kidney slices of rats, pretreated with deoxycorticosterone acetate, clipping of renal artery, bleeding or decapitation, was shown by Jong (2) and BOZOVIC et al. (3). In their experiments, the fundamental process of renin release has not been made clear. In our previous paper, it was pointed out that renin is released from dog kidney slices into an incubation medium depending on the temperature and pH of the medium and about 10% of renin contained in the original slices is released within 60 minutes of incubation. Presently, the effects of metal ions in the incubation medium and atmosphere on renin release were studied. From the present findings, it is assumed that renin is released, partialy included in the renin granule, into the incubation medium. Further study was made on the release of several enzymes found in other cell particles to compare the releasing pattern of renin from slices.
Energy Savings for Wireless Terminals through Smart Vertical Handover (2009)

This paper optimizes handover decisions between WLAN (802.11) and WiMAX (802.16e) standards, for both uplink and downlink data transmission. The handover becomes part of a cross-layer approach controlling several knobs (air interface parameters or platform settings) in order to reduce the terminal power consumption. The first step is to derive detailed power and performance models for both standards, in order to correctly evaluate the opportunity of a handover. This includes channel fading fluctuations, extraction of MAC-level behavior and packet error rates, and overall power consumption from the wireless platform. Such models enable first optimal single-standard power-throughput trade-offs, that will be used as reference points before adding the handover possibility in order to assess its specific gain. The second step is the design of a handover controller that selects the network with the lowest expected power for the required rate. The proposed mechanism is based on regular scanning of both networks. It computes the expected energy in order to send a given amount of data over each network, taking handover cost into account, and selects the most appropriate one. Based on a software-defined radio platform and a typical channel coherence time of one second, simulations demonstrate a power saving factor up to 2.5 as a function of the scenario, compared to a single-standard system that is already cross-layer optimized. This illustrates the large gain that is available, besides the handover advantage in terms of improved connectivity.
DNA-Free Genetically Edited Grapevine and Apple Protoplast Using CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins (2016)

The combined availability of whole genome sequences and genome editing tools is set to revolutionize the field of fruit biotechnology by enabling the introduction of targeted genetic changes with unprecedented control and accuracy, both to explore emergent phenotypes and to introduce new functionalities. Although plasmid-mediated delivery of genome editing components to plant cells is very efficient, it also presents some drawbacks, such as possible random integration of plasmid sequences in the host genome. Additionally, it may well be intercepted by current process-based GMO regulations, complicating the path to commercialization of improved varieties. Here, we explore direct delivery of purified CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) to the protoplast of grape cultivar <i>Chardonnay</i> and apple cultivar such as <i>Golden delicious</i> fruit crop plants for efficient targeted mutagenesis. We targeted <i>MLO-7</i>, a susceptible gene in order to increase resistance to powdery mildew in grape cultivar and <i>DIPM-1, DIPM-2</i>, and <i>DIPM-4</i> in the apple to increase resistance to fire blight disease. Furthermore, efficient protoplast transformation, the molar ratio of Cas9 and sgRNAs were optimized for each grape and apple cultivar. The targeted mutagenesis insertion and deletion rate was analyzed using targeted deep sequencing. Our results demonstrate that direct delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 RNPs to the protoplast system enables targeted gene editing and paves the way to the generation of DNA-free genome edited grapevine and apple plants.
MIMO channel measurements using optical links on small mobile terminals (2010)

This paper looks at a novel measurement device for propagation channel measurements using a fiber optic link. Although the idea of using optical links is not new, most of the developments in the area are either too big [5], short range [6] or suitable for anechoic chamber only [7]. The device presented here is specifically designed to fit in a very small volume and is optimized for low power consumption (runs on small battery), thus imitating the phone electronics. It can be used for anechoic chamber measurements, however it is designed for long range channel sounding measurements.
Characteristics of Proline Oxidase in Rat Tissues (1980)

In adult rats the activity of proline oxidase is high in the liver and kidney and moderate in the brain and heart, but it is not detectable in the lung, skeletal muscle, spleen, or small intestine. The activity in the liver is 1.5 times higher in females than males. Administration of estrogen to male rats increased the activity in liver and decreased that in kidney. Administration of a high protein diet increased the activity in the liver only. Administration of hydrocortisone or dexamethasone did not affect the activity in any tissue.
Choline Partially Prevents the Impact of Ethanol on the Lipid Raft Dependent Functions of L1 Cell Adhesion Molecule (2014)

Choline pretreatment of CGN significantly reduces the disruption of L1 function by EtOH, but does not completely return L1 function to baseline. This experimental system will enable discovery of the mechanism of the neuroprotective effect of choline.
NK Cells Regulate CD8+ T Cell Priming and Dendritic Cell Migration during Influenza A Infection by IFN-γ and Perforin-Dependent Mechanisms (2012)

An effective immune response against influenza A infection depends on the generation of virus-specific T cells. NK cells are one of the first-line defenses against influenza A infection. We set out to delineate the role of NK cells in T cell immunity using a murine model of influenza A infection with A/PR/8/34. We show that early T cell recruitment mainly occurs in the posterior mediastinal lymph node (pMLN). Depletion of NK cells significantly impaired both dendritic cell (DC) and T cell recruitment into the pMLN. A similar reduction of T cell recruitment was observed when migration was blocked by pertussis toxin, suggesting that migration of pulmonary NK cells and DCs regulates cell recruitment to the pMLN. T cell recruitment was dependent on IFN-γ, and transfer of IFN-γ-competent naive NK cells into IFN-γ-/- mice restored T cell recruitment, whereas IFN-γ-deficient NK cells failed to do so. In addition, NK cell depletion reduced the uptake and transport of influenza A virus by DCs, and significantly impaired the virus-specific T cell response. Both IFN-γ-/- and perforin-/- mice showed reduced viral Ag transport by DCs, suggesting that the ability of NK cells to influence virus transport depends on IFN-γ and perforin. In summary, our data suggest that NK cells play a critical role in the initiation and shaping of the T cell response after influenza A infection.
Palladium‐Based Nanostructures with Highly Porous Features and Perpendicular Pore Channels as Enhanced Organic Catalysts (2013)

Channeling a good catalyst: Highly porous palladium nanostructures (pPdNs) with perpendicular pore channels were prepared under mild conditions. The combination of high surface area and rich edge/corner atoms gives pPdNs better catalytic performance than known Pd catalysts for the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene and styrene and the Suzuki coupling reaction.
Extraction of bio-based glycolaldehyde from wood-derived pyrolysis oils (2012)

Biomass is a potential source of renewable energy and chemicals.Biomass pyrolysis yields oil, gas, and char.Pyrolysis oil contains water and a considerable amount of biobased platform chemicals, such as acetic acid, glycolaldehyde, acetol, levoglucosan, sugars, and phenolic compounds.Glycolaldehyde is one of the most abundant compounds in pyrolysis oil (5-13 wt%).It is a promising intermediate for producing bio-based ethylene glycol via fermentation.This research focuses on the isolation of glycolaldehyde from wood-derived pyrolysis oils, i.e. forest residue-and pine-derived pyrolysis oils.Glycolaldehyde recovery is challenging since pyrolysis oil is a complex mixture of more than 300 oxygenated compounds with close boiling points.Furthermore, pyrolysis oil is chemically unstable, which makes distillation unfeasible.Therefore, extraction is expected to be a more promising separation method.To address these technical challenges, this research aims to develop an extraction-based separation process to isolate glycolaldehyde from wood-derived pyrolysis oils.In this thesis wood-derived pyrolysis oils are represented by forest residue-and pine-derived pyrolysis oils.Direct glycolaldehyde extraction from pyrolysis oil with sodium bisulfite is not applicable due to the stable glycolaldehyde-bisulfite adduct.Therefore, water extraction of pyrolysis oil is employed as the initial step where glycolaldehyde and other polar compounds are isolated in the aqueous phase.The investigation was done at various stirring rates and water-to-oil ratios.The stirring rate does not affect either the equilibrium composition or the extraction performance.Van Krevelen diagrams show that the elemental distributions of pyrolysis oil between the two phases are independent of the water-to-oil ratio.These diagrams also indicate that water extraction is able to significantly decrease the hydrogen and oxygen contents of the forest residue-and pine-derived pyrolysis oils.The characteristics of pyrolysis oil feedstock determine the optimum water-to-oil ratio, which is in the range of 0.65-0.7 for forest residue-derived pyrolysis oil and 0.5 for pinederived pyrolysis oil.Water extraction is not selective but capable to extract 80-90% of the polar compounds present in the pyrolysis oil feedstocks in the aqueous extract phase.This aqueous mixture is the starting material for further treatment to isolate a particular bio-based chemical.On the other hand, the organic raffinate phase can be further extracted to recover phenolic fractions, which can be applied in the production of plywood and particle board.The first alternative to extract glycolaldehyde from the pyrolysis oil-derived aqueous phase is reactive extraction with primary amines dissolved in organic diluents.Glycolaldehyde dissolves in the organic phase where it reacts with a primary amine extractant to
Desenvolvimento de um sensor para análise de lactato em amostras alimentares e biológicas (2007)

\n Neste trabalho são apresentados resultados relacionados a estudos sobre o comportamento eletroquímico do lactato e do peróxido de hidrogênio em diversos eletrodos em meio de diferentes pHs utilizando voltametria cíclica. Também foi investigado o comportamento eletroquímico do peróxido de hidrogênio em eletrodos modificados com filmes de hexacianoferratos utilizando eletrodos de platina e carbono vítreo. A vantagem do uso do CTAB na modificação da superfície de carbono vítreo com Azul da Prússia foi confirmada no que se refere à melhora da sensibilidade e da estabilidade das medidas. Numa etapa posterior desenvolveu-se um biossensor para a determinação de lactato pelo monitoramento de peróxido de hidrogênio produzido na reação catalisada de lactato com oxigênio na presença da enzima lactato oxidase. Nessa etapa, o trabalho consistiu em imobilizar a enzima lactato oxidase na superfície do eletrodo, previamente, modificado com Azul da Prússia, com o auxílio de Nafion&amp;#174;. Após a construção do biossensor e a otimização das condições de análise (pH, quantidade de enzima, volume da amostra e vazão) para obtenção de maior sinal analítico no desenvolvimento do método para a determinação de lactato por análise em fluxo, averiguou-se a repetibilidade das medidas (Clactato = 0,28 mmol L-1) obtendo-se um desvio padrão de 2,2% para 18 repetições. A freqüência analítica foi estimada em 160 injeções por hora com limite de detecção de 0,84 &amp;#181;mol L-1 e linearidade até 0,28 mmol L-1 de lactato. O biossensor foi aplicado na quantificação de lactato em amostras alimentares (cervejas alcoólicas e não alcoólicas) e biológicas (sangue liofilizado e recém coletado). Por fim, realizaram-se estudos envolvendo a variação da concentração de lactato sanguíneo em função da intensidade de atividade esportiva. Os resultados obtidos pelo método proposto foram comparados com aqueles oriundos do uso de método de referência.\n
Multifunctional NMC-Si Batteries With Self-Actuation and Self-Sensing (2017)

Among anode materials for lithium ion batteries, silicon (Si) is known for high theoretical capacity and low cost. Si changes volume by 300% during cycling, however, often resulting in fast capacity fade. With sufficiently small Si particles in a flexible composite matrix, the cycle life of Si anodes can be extended. Si anodes also demonstrate stress-potential coupling where the open circuit voltage depends on applied stress. In this paper, we present a NMC-Si battery design, utilizing the undesired volume change of Si for actuation and the stress-potential coupling effect for sensing. The battery consists of one Li(Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)O2 (NMC) cathode in a separator pouch placed in an electrolyte-filled container with Si composite anode cantilevers. Models predict the shape of the cantilever as a function of battery state of charge (SOC) and the cell voltage as a function of distributed loading. Simulations of a copper current collector coated with Si active material show 11.05 mAh of energy storage, large displacement in a unimorph configuration (&gt;60% of beam length) and over 100 mV of voltage change due to gravitational loading.
[Effect of Tpo and/or IL-11 gene modified stromal cells on the expansion of CD34+ CD38- hematopoietic primitive progenitor cells]. (2003)

The stromal cells modified by Tpo and/or IL-11 gene were able to enhance ex vivo expansion of CD(34)(+) and CD(34)(+)CD(38)(-) hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells from cord blood.
ChemInform Abstract: ISOLATION AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF (ET4N)3(FE6MO2S8(SET)9) (1979)

Abstract Die Titelverbindung wird mit ca. 60% Ausb. durch Reaktion von FeCl 3 mit Na‐ethanthiolat und anschlie‐ ‐ βende Umsetzung mit (NH4)2[MoS4] sowie Umsalzung mit Tetraethylammoniumbromid im Überschuß erhalten.
Spectroscopic Investigation of Fluorescence Quenching Agents. Part III: Effect of Solvent Polarity on the Selectivity of Nitromethane for Discriminating between Alternant versus Nonalternant Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (1993)

To better assess the applicability of nitromethane as a selective quenching agent for alternant versus nonalternant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in HPLC, TLC, and HPTLC analysis, we measured the effect that it has on the fluorescence emission behavior of 96 different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons dissolved in binary toluene/acetonitrile solvent mixtures. Results of these measurements revealed that the “selective quenching” rule is obeyed for the vast majority of PAHs, with the coronene derivatives being the only major exceptions. Fluorescence emission spectra are also reported for benzo[g]chrysene, naphtho[2,3g]chrysene, 4 H-benzo[c]cyclopenta[mno]chrysene, dibenzo[ghi,mno]fluoranthene (commonly called corannulene), rubicene, diacenaphtho[l,2j:l‘,2'l]fluoranthene, 10-methyl-benzo[b]fluoranthene, 3-methoxybenzo[k]fluoranthene, and 3-hydroxybenzo[k]fluoranthene in organic nonelectrolyte solvents of varying polarity. Calculated emission intensity ratios failed to vary systematically with solvent polarity, and all nine of the aforementioned solutes were thus classified as nonprobe molecules.
Enhancing effects of N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and sodium taurocholate on development of pepsinogen 1 decreased pyloric glands in rats initiated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. (1987)

Sequential quantitative analyses were made of pepsinogen 1 (Pg 1) decreased pyloric glands after treating male WKY rats first with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and then with N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG) as a second gastric carcinogen or sodium taurocholate (Na-TC) as a gastric promoter. Animals received a single dose of MNNG (160 mg/kg body weight) by gastric intubation followed two weeks later by either ENNG in drinking water (100 micrograms/ml) (group 1), basal diet containing 0.25% Na-TC (group 2), or basal diet and tap water (group 3), from weeks 3 to 24. Animals were sacrificed at weeks 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24. Sections of the pyloric mucosa were investigated for Pg 1 immunostaining. In comparison with group 3, induction of Pg 1 decreased pyloric glands was significantly enhanced by ENNG from week 8 and by Na-TC from week 16. The former exerted a significantly stronger effect at each time point. The results suggest that Pg 1 decreased pyloric glands represent a good marker for early detection of gastric carcinogens and promoters in in vivo test systems.