gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ALMA Band6v2 Receiver Upgrade (2021)

We report on our proposal to develop an upgrade for the existing 211-275 GHz ALMA Band 6 receiver, referred<br> to as “Band 6v2”, which complies with the strategies defined in the ALMA Development Roadmap to 2030 and<br> with the recommendations of the ALMA Front-end &amp; Digitizer Requirements Upgrade Working Group. The<br> goal is to deliver an improved production-level receiver based on (i) a new Cold Cartridge Assembly (CCA)<br> with increased sensitivity over an expanded IF band and a modestly expanded RF band, and (ii) a new low-noise<br> Warm Cartridge Assembly (WCA) which contains a new lower AM sideband noise Local Oscillator<br> source with a baseband YIG oscillator operating at twice the frequency of the current one. The new Band 6v2<br> receiver will be backward-compatible with the current Band 6 and will be able to be plugged into the ALMA<br> FE (Front-End) cryostat as a replacement for the existing units.<br> We describe the current ALMA Band 6 receiver, our plan to address its shortcomings, and the expected<br> performance of the ALMA Band 6v2 receiver. The Band 6 receiver upgrade will result in several benefits<br> including a reduction in integration time by a factor of ~1.5 to as much as 3 in the worst parts of the current IF<br> (assuming a typical sky temperature), an increase in the IF bandwidth from the present 5.5 GHz per sideband<br> per polarization to at least 12 GHz (4-16 GHz) and potentially to 16 GHz (4-20 GHz), and an increase in RF<br> coverage by 8 GHz, to 209-281 GHz from the present 211 275 GHz.<br> The project will focus on exploring several different receiver configurations for the ALMA Band 6v2 sideband<br> separating (2SB) SIS receiver, with improvements to all the major receiver components, including optics, OMT,<br> mixers, IF section and local oscillator. The presentation provides a brief overview of all of the above<br> mentioned aspects of the project.
Simultaneous Administration of Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccines (1982)

We compared the adverse reaction rates and antibody responses when influenza and pneumococcal vaccines were given simultaneously and separately. We used a double-blind, placebo-controlled protocol in which the participants, healthy university students and staff between 18 and 26 years of age, were randomly assigned to the different vaccination groups. Simultaneous administration of the two vaccines did not result in any increase in local or systemic reactions, except for transient myalgia. Study participants who received the vaccines simultaneously had pneumococcal antibody responses comparable with those of participants who received pneumococcal vaccine alone, although the response rate for both groups was low. There was also no difference between the simultaneous-administration group and the group that received influenza vaccine alone in antibody response to the influenza A/Texas antigen. Antibody responses to the influenza A/Brazil and B/Hong Kong antigens were adequate for both groups, although the group that received influenza vaccine alone achieved higher postvaccination antibody titers. We conclude that simultaneous administration of influenza and pneumococcal vaccines is as safe and effective as giving either vaccine alone. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:2551-2554)
Steady state analysis of Boolean molecular network models via model reduction and computational algebra (2014)

The algorithm presented in this paper reliably determines all steady states of sparse Boolean networks with up to 1000 nodes. The algorithm is effective at analyzing virtually all published models even those of moderate connectivity. The problem for large Boolean networks with high average connectivity remains an open problem.
Do we need pacemakers resistant to magnetic resonance imaging? (2005)

Asynchronous pacing due to magnetostatic and gradient fields may be problematic in patients with spontaneous rhythm. To avoid them, PM triggered MRI scan restricted to refractory period is proposed. Neither inhibition of PM nor heating of the electrode poses real risks. So far, we have examined eight patients 12 times in MRI triggered mode without problems.
Single Peptide Bonds Exhibit Poly(Pro)II (“Random Coil”) Circular Dichroism Spectra (2005)

The far-UV circular dichroism spectra of a series of amino acid derivatives containing single peptide bonds have been measured. The N-acetyl-alanine displays a polyproline (PP) II-like spectrum, but alaninamide shows a very weak positive signal. Similarly Gly-Ala shows a PPII spectrum, but Ala-Gly does not. On heating, the spectrum shows a two-state transition also shown by long PPII polypeptides. Thus the characteristic PPII negative maximum at <200 nm results from the coupling of a peptide bond N-terminal to the chiral alpha-carbon, and therefore the simplest peptide bonds have a preferred conformation that defines the spectrum of disordered proteins of any size.
Virtual Compliance Control of Multiple Degree of Freedom Robot (1986)

A new algorithm for force feedback control of a robot hand is presented. Using this algorithm, a programmable 6-d.o.f. compliance (translational: 3, rotational: 3) at the robot wrist can be implemented with a 6-d.o.f. robot and a 6-axis force and torque sensor. The hand velocity is determined using virtual mass, virtual spring const., virtual dashpot const. and force/position feedback signals. The control command to each actuator of the robot is computed from the hand velocity. It is shown that these computations can be performed in 55ms or less.
Origin of human mast cells: development from transplanted hematopoietic stem cells after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (1994)

Abstract Although mast cells are hematopoietic cells, little is known about the origin of their precursors in vivo. In this study, the origin (donor v recipient genotype) of human mast cells (MCs) was analyzed in a patient who underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The patient presented with secondary acute myeloid leukemia (French-American- British classification, M2) arising from refractory anemia with excess of blast cells and bone marrow (BM) mastocytosis. Transplantation was performed in chemotherapy-induced complete remission. On days 88, 126, 198, and 494 after BMT, mast cells were enriched to homogeneity from bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM MNCs) by cell sorting for CD117+/CD34- cells. Purified mast cell populations were CD117(c-kit)+ (&gt; 95%), CD34- (&lt; 1%), CD3- (&lt; 1%), CD14- (&lt; 1%), and virtually free of contaminating cells as assessed by Giemsa staining. The genotype of MCs was analyzed after amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) region within intron 40 of the von Willebrand factor (vWF) gene. Unexpectedly, on days 88 and 126 after BMT, sorted MCs displayed recipient genotype as shown by vWF.VNTR-PCR. However, on days 198 and 494, PCR analysis showed a switch to donor genotype in isolated mast cells. Peripheral blood (PB) and BM MNC as well as highly enriched (sorted) CD3+ T cells (PB, BM), CD4+ helper T cells (PB), CD8+ T cells (PB), CD19+ B cells (PB), CD14+ monocytes (PB, BM), and CD34+ precursor cells (BM) showed donor genotype throughout the observation period. Together, these results provide evidence that human MCs developed in vivo from transplanted hematopoietic stem cells. Engraftment and in vivo differentiation of MCs from early hematopoietic progenitor cells may be a prolonged process.
ChemInform Abstract: Use of Pseudoephedrine as a Practical Chiral Auxiliary for Asymmetric Synthesis. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Ofloxacin-Loaded PLLA Nanofibrous Mats for Wound Dressing Applications (2020)

Poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) was synthesized from l-lactide in the presence of a zinc salen complex. Ofloxacin (OFLX)-loaded PLLA nanofibrous mats were fabricated by electrospinning using dichloromethane/dimethyl sulfoxide (4:1 v/v) solutions containing different amounts of OFLX (1, 3, 5, and 10 w/w%). The morphology and diameter of nanofibrous mats were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The internal morphology of the nanofibers was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Miscibility between OFLX and PLLA in nanofibrous mats was confirmed by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirmed the interaction of OFLX with PLLA nanofibrous mats. The presence of OFLX in PLLA nanofibrous mats increased the tensile strength significantly, which was confirmed by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The <i>in vitro</i> drug release profile was studied at pH values 4.6, 5.8, and 7.4. OFLX-loaded PLLA nanofibrous mats showed burst release till first 12 h, and sustained release followed up to 168 h. The <i>in vitro</i> biocompatibility test of nanofibrous mats was carried out using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay against the NIH/3T3 fibroblast cell line. The results of MTT assay demonstrated cell viability and cell proliferation at a concentration as low as 10 w/w%, which proved their nontoxicity and biocompatibility. OFLX-loaded PLLA nanofibrous mats exhibited good antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. The <i>in vivo</i> wound healing study on rats showed 44, 65, and 88% wound closure rates on 14th day with control, PLLA, and OFLX-loaded PLLA nanofibrous mats, respectively. The results proved that the PLLA nanofibrous mats loaded with an appropriate concentration of OFLX are promising candidates for wound dressing applications.
The LEGO Arduino Workstation (2020)

A wide new range of LEGO inventions can be realized by combining MINDSTORMS with an Arduino. Arduino is a single-board host controller for many types of sensors, motors, displays, actuators, and interfaces. It has become the most common host controller for electronics developers due to its low cost and ease of use. The Arduino is meant for nonexpert electronics builders to be able to build their own inventions. In this chapter, the hardware for connecting MINDSTORMS EV3 with an Arduino will be developed. This LEGO Arduino Workstation serves as a platform for building the projects found in this book.
Broadly tunable compact continuous-wave Cr^2+:ZnS laser (2002)

We report the development of a continuous-wave, room-temperature Cr(2+) ZnS laser that is compact and tunable over 700 nm. The laser is pumped by a diode-pumped Er-fiber laser and generates 0.7 W of linearly polarized radiation at 2.35microm , at up to 40% slope efficiency. Cr(2+) ZnS directly diode-pumped at 1.6microm yields polarized radiation that is tunable over 400 nm at up to 25 mW of output power. A comparison of Cr(2+) ZnS with Cr ZnSe (70 mW, 350 nm) in a similar setup is given. As opposed to Cr ZnSe, the Cr ZnS laser is intrinsically polarized. Finally, we observe sensitization of the output radiation by a few milliwatts of the visible (470-500-nm) and near-infrared (740-770-nm) radiation.
Influence of clay fraction on pore‐scale properties and hydraulic conductivity of experimentally compacted mudstones (1999)

We report the results of a series of hydraulic conductivity tests carried out on seven natural, well‐characterised specimens of London Clay mudstone. The clay fractions of the samples range from 27% to 66% and enabled a test of the influence of clay fraction on the hydraulic conductivity, pore size distribution, compressibility and specific surface area of natural mudstones. Hydraulic conductivities were determined at effective stresses between 1.5 and 33 MPa. Hydraulic conductivities of clay‐rich samples (49–66% clay fraction) decreased from ∼10 −11 m s −1 to ∼10 −14 m s −1 over a porosity range of 48% to 25%. At a given porosity the hydraulic conductivities of two silt‐rich samples (27 and 33% clay fraction) were 40–250 times greater than those of the five clay‐rich samples. Variations in hydraulic conductivity are directly related to pore size distributions and are accurately predicted by a model which uses pore size distribution as its primary input. Clay‐rich samples have unimodal pore size distributions with modal throat radii around 60–120 nm. Silt‐rich samples have bimodal pore throat size distributions. One modal size is similar to that observed in clay‐rich samples with a second modal value at 3–6 μm. Compaction under effective stresses up to 10 MPa results in the preferential collapse of larger pores, so that the rate of loss of hydraulic conductivity is greater in the silt‐rich samples. Differences in hydraulic conductivity between silt‐rich and clay‐rich mudstones therefore decline with decreasing porosity. The range of porosity‐hydraulic conductivity relationships means that hydraulic conductivity is not easily predicted from porosity alone; additional constraining parameters such as grain and pore size distributions are required.
Isometric twitch tension of lateral muscle in carp, Cyprinus carpio L., with sekoke disease (1990)

Abstract. Changes in blood properties and the chemical components, histology and isometric twitch tension of lateral muscle were studied in carp, Cyprinus carpio L., showing clinical signs of sekoke disease induced by a diet containing oxidized oil. When compared to normal fish, sekoke fish were found to have significantly lower mean blood pH, haematocrit, haemoglobin concentration and muscle water content. However, plasma lactate, lipoperoxide and total lipid concentrations were significantly higher in sekoke fish. It was found that in sekoke fish the maximum tension and the number of isometric twitches leading to complete fatigue of lateral muscle were greatly reduced. Histological studies confirmed that these reductions were related to the degree of structural damage within this tissue.
Synthesis of a Peptide with an Artificial Molecular Machine (2013)

Key words artificial molecular machines - sequence-specific peptide synthesis - rotaxanes - native chemical ligation
T cell cytokine profile during primary Epstein-Barr virus infection (infectious mononucleosis). (2004)

Cytokine profiles of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets were evaluated in 8 patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM). Intracellular detection of cytokines using flow cytometry revealed an expansion of IFN-gamma-expressing CD4+ T cells, and particularly CD8+ T cells, while IL-2 expressing cells were less frequently encountered when compared to healthy controls. Single TNF-alpha-expressing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were likewise reduced and shifted towards IFN-gamma/TNF-alpha co-production. The predominant pro-inflammatory type 1-biased immune response during IM was emphasized by low frequencies of IL-10 expression in both T cell subsets, although some patients displayed elevated serum levels. Six months later, a decreased, but still elevated IFN-gamma expression within the CD8+ T cell subset, and an increased percentage of IL-2-expressing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, reaching values shown for controls, were noted. Type 2-associated cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13, as well as IL-6 and TNF-alpha were not significantly different when compared to controls at study entry and at follow-up. The striking expansion of IFN-gamma-producing CD8+ T cells with rather low expression of IL-10, appears to be a key factor for clinically overt disease, but is nevertheless compatible with successful control of the viral infection.
Pain Management in Young Children Undergoing Diagnostic Tympanocentesis (2010)

Acetaminophen alone may not be as effective in reducing pain-related physiological and behavioral changes as acetaminophen plus codeine or ibuprofen plus midazolam during diagnostic tympanocentesis.
The role of inhaled nitric oxide and heliox in the management of acute respiratory failure. (2006)

The application of positive-pressure mechanical ventilation is one of the cornerstones of support for patients with acute respiratory failure. Unfortunately, the clinical condition of some patients does not improve, despite escalating ventilatory support. Adjunctive therapies to mechanical ventilation such as nitric oxide and heliox have been explored for the purposes of minimizing injurious settings and supporting adequate gas exchange. As specific therapies continue to evolve, clinicians should have a clear understanding of the physiologic basis and evidence before deciding to use any adjunctive therapy. This article discusses the role of nitric oxide and heliox as adjunct therapies to mechanical ventilation. Many questions remain about the role of these unique gases in the management of pediatric patients with acute respiratory failure. Should nitric oxide be used outside of its approved indication, and should heliox be used at all due to the lack of definitive evidence?
CRL3IBTK Regulates the Tumor Suppressor Pdcd4 through Ubiquitylation Coupled to Proteasomal Degradation (2015)

The human inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase isoform α (IBtkα) is a BTB protein encoded by the IBTK gene, which maps to chromosomal locus 6q14.1, a mutational hot spot in lymphoproliferative disorders. Here, we demonstrate that IBtkα forms a CRL3(IBTK) complex promoting its self-ubiquitylation. We identified the tumor suppressor Pdcd4 as IBtkα interactor and ubiquitylation substrate of CRL3(IBTK) for proteasomal degradation. Serum-induced degradation of Pdcd4 required both IBtkα and Cul3, indicating that CRL3(IBTK) regulated the Pdcd4 stability in serum signaling. By promoting Pdcd4 degradation, IBtkα counteracted the suppressive effect of Pdcd4 on translation of reporter luciferase mRNAs with stem-loop structured or unstructured 5'-UTR. IBtkα depletion by RNAi caused Pdcd4 accumulation and decreased the translation of Bcl-xL mRNA, a well known target of Pdcd4 repression. By characterizing CRL3(IBTK) as a novel ubiquitin ligase, this study provides new insights into regulatory mechanisms of cellular pathways, such as the Pdcd4-dependent translation of mRNAs.
Mobile and replicated alignment of arrays in data-parallel programs (1993)

When a data-parallel language like Fortran 90 is compiled for a distributed-memory machine, aggregate data objects (such as arrays) are distributed across the processor memories. The mapping determines the amount of residual communication needed to bring operands of parallel operations into alignment with each other. A common approach is to break the mapping into two stages: first, an alignment that maps all the objects to an abstract template, and then a distribution that maps the template to the processors. The authors solve two facets of the problem of finding alignments that reduce residual communication, i.e., determining both the alignments that vary in loops, and the objects that should have replicated alignments. They show that loop-dependent mobile alignment is sometimes necessary for optimum performance, and they provide algorithms with which a compiler can determine good mobile alignments for objects within do loops. They also identify situations in which replicated alignment is either required by the program itself (via spread operations) or can be used to improve performance. An algorithm based on network flow that determines which objects to replicate so as to minimize the total amount of broadcast communication in replication is proposed.
Run-to-Run Control Utilizing Virtual Metrology With Reliance Index (2012)

The incorporation of virtual metrology (VM) into run-to-run (R2R) control was one of the key advanced process control focus areas of the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors in 2009. However, a key problem preventing effective utilization of VM in R2R control is the inability to take the reliance level in the VM feedback loop of R2R control into consideration. The reason is that the result of adopting an unreliable VM value may be worse than if no VM is utilized at all. The authors have proposed the so-called reliance index (RI) and global similarity index (GSI) of VM to gauge the reliability of the VM results. This paper proposes a novel scheme of R2R control that utilizes VM with RI and GSI in the feedback loop. Simulation results of five random-generated rounds are performed. These random-generated rounds simulate the situation as if five modifications are performed on the process or the equipment due to predictive maintenances. As such, the issue of the R2R controller-gain management in real-production environment may be addressed whenever a modification is performed on the process or the equipment.
Traction behavior of soccer shoe stud designs under different game-relevant loading conditions (2010)

Testing soccer shoes with appropriate tests and under loading situations that are as realistic as possible are requirements to get close insight into the shoe-surface interaction of studded shoes on turf. Therefore a new test device was developed and optimized. Four soccer shoes with different stud designs were tested on natural grass under four different loading patterns estimated from real ACL-injury situations and the torque around the tibial axis was measured. Differences between the shoes could be detected during all loading patterns. In contrast to earlier studies we found that aggressively cleated shoes did not generate higher torque than conventionally cleated shoes.
Preparation of sulfur‐doped graphenes by Yucel's method and their corresponding polylactide‐based nanocomposites (2022)

Abstract In this study, S‐doped graphene (SG) powders were produced in one‐step green and environmental‐friendly, quick, and cheap route of Yucel's method. Different sulfur functional groups were formed on graphene surfaces by changing the anodic potential range and were first used to prepare SG/polylactide (PLA) nanocomposites. The influence of applied potential on the structural properties of SG powders was explored through cyclic voltammetry (CV), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X‐ray diffractometry (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and BET surface area analysis. S‐doped graphenes were subsequently melt mixed with polylactide at low contents of 0.1 and 0.5 wt% using a twin‐screw extruder. The interaction of SGs functional groups with PLA and its effect on the nanocomposites' final morphological, thermomechanical, and tensile properties was then studied. It was revealed that the tensile strength and modulus of the nanocomposites were noticeably increased with the addition of such low SGs contents. The applied potential and hence the structural properties of SGs differently influenced the final tensile properties of the nanocomposites. A maximum enhancement of around 100% in tensile strength was observed using only 0.1 wt% SG produced at the potential range of −1.5 and 2.3 V.
Genetic linkage study of high-grade myopia in a Hutterite population from South Dakota. (2007)

We have identified a presumptive myopia locus for high-grade myopia based on linkage and haplotype analysis.
Transmission power control in wireless ad hoc networks: challenges, solutions, and open issues (2004)

Recently, power control in mobile ad hoc networks has been the focus of extensive research. Its main objectives are to reduce the total energy consumed in packet delivery and/or increase network throughput by increasing the channel's spatial reuse. In this article, we give an overview of various power control approaches that have been proposed in the literature. We discuss the factors that influence the selection of the transmission power, including the important interplay between the routing (network) and the medium access control (MAC) layers. Protocols that account for such interplay are presented.
A comparison of beam deflection electro-optic switches (2008)

We describe the requirements of space switches for agile all-photonic networks and consider the suitability of various types of electro-optic switches to supply the necessary sub-1 mus switching times for a large number of channels.