gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exploration of Mesh-Based FPGA Architecture: Comparison of 2D and 3D Technologies in Terms of Power, Area and Performance (2016)

In this paper, we propose a 2D and 3D interconnect network based on a Mesh-of-Clusters (MoC) topology for the implementation of an efficient Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) architecture. Proposed MoC-based FPGA architecture presents a new hierarchical Switch Box (SBs) and depopulated intra-cluster interconnect based on the Butterfly-Fat-Tree (BFT) topology. Long routing wires which span multiple SBs in every row and column were used in order to improve performance. By adjusting the percentage of long wire and span, we can design and build 3D high density MoC-based FPGA. To design 3D MoC-based FPGAs, we cut the 2D FPGA into two equal FPGA dies and we adjust the long wire span factor to connect the two dies. Then, these long wire segments are converted as 3D through silicon via (TSV). We present also a design methodology and CAD tools to explore the performance of proposed 2D and 3D MoC-based FPGA architectures in term of power, energy, area and delay. Experimental results with large benchmarks show that with 3D MoC-based FPGA the average gains in terms frequency, energy and area are 23%, 37% and 47% respectively, compared to 2D MoC-based FPGA.
Stability of Neural Networks on Riemannian Manifolds (2021)

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been applied to data with underlying non-Euclidean structures and have achieved impressive successes. This brings the stability analysis of CNNs on non-Euclidean domains into notice because CNNs have been proved stable on Euclidean domains. This paper focuses on the stability of CNNs on Riemannian manifolds. By taking the Laplace-Beltrami operators into consideration, we construct an $α$-frequency difference threshold filter to help separate the spectrum of the operator with an infinite dimensionality. We further construct a manifold neural network architecture with these filters. We prove that both the manifold filters and neural networks are stable under absolute perturbations to the operators. The results also implicate a trade-off between the stability and discriminability of manifold neural networks. Finally we verify our conclusions with numerical experiments in a wireless adhoc network scenario.
Antitumor trans-N-Heterocyclic Carbene–Amine–Pt(II) Complexes: Synthesis of Dinuclear Species and Exploratory Investigations of DNA Binding and Cytotoxicity Mechanisms (2013)

A series of bimetallic [(NHC)PtX2]2(diamine) complexes have been prepared as a new chemotype for potential anticancer agents. These complexes display an uncommon set of structural features as far as they combine two bifunctional, trans-configured platinum centers. They display cytotoxic activities in the micromolar range on many cancerous cell lines and do not cross-react with cisplatin in A2780/DDP cell lines. They bind slowly to double-stranded DNAs, giving monoadducts as the major products. Pathways for cellular toxicity have been investigated for both mono- and bimetallic trans-(NHC)PtX2(amine) complexes. It has been highlighted that, unlike cisplatin, these complexes do not induce cell cycle arrest. They trigger apoptosis in A2780 cells by a pathway involving translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor and caspase 12 to the nucleus. Moreover, bimetallic complexes may induce necrosis.
Crop Rotation Reduces the Cost of Colorado Potato Beetle Control in Potatoes (1998)

The effect of crop rotation was investigated on the efficacy and the economics of various insecticide strategies for Colorado potato beetle (CPB) control in potatoes ( Solanum tuberosum L.) in 1995-96. These included broad-spectrum insecticides and biorational (environmentally friendly, naturally occurring) combinations that targeted specific CPB life stages. CPB pressure was greater in the nonrotated than the rotated plots. Although all materials gave better CPB control than the check, significantly more spray applications were required to reduce CPB numbers below treatment thresholds in the nonrotated plots than the rotated plots in both years. Overall yields and economic returns were significantly greater in the rotated plots in 1995. Efficacy of insecticide strategies varied, with little defoliation and few CPB larvae found in the imidacloprid treatment in 1995 and 1996. All insecticide strategies except endosulfan resulted in significantly higher estimated returns to management than the untreated check; the greatest returns occurred with permethrin and cryolite. No yields or returns could be obtained in 1996 due to excessive rainfall before harvest. These results indicate that yield and the cost of the insecticide strategy should be considered as well as insecticide efficacy in developing an effective integrated pest management program.
Predictive Current Control Strategy with Imposed Load Current Spectrum (2006)

A modified predictive current control strategy is presented in order to have control over the spectrum of the load current. The proposed strategy uses a model of the system to predict the behavior of the current for each possible voltage vector generated by the inverter. For that purpose, at each sampling interval, signal predictions are evaluated using a cost function that quantifies the desired system behavior. The cost function used in this work evaluates the filtered error of the load currents. The inclusion of a filter for the load error allows one to manipulate current spectra. Thus, by designing this filter appropriately, the load spectrum can be shaped.
Deep learning for detection of radiographic sacroiliitis: achieving expert-level performance (2021)

Deep artificial neural networks enable the accurate detection of definite radiographic sacroiliitis relevant for the diagnosis and classification of axSpA.
LONG-TERM RESULTS OF RADIATION THERAPY FOR PROSTATE CANCER RECURRENCE FOLLOWING RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY (1998)

Patients with Gleason score 8 or greater, positive seminal vesicles or lymph nodes, or a PSA recurrence within the first year following surgery rarely benefit from radiation therapy. As the interval to PSA recurrence increases, the likelihood of responding to radiation therapy increases substantially. These parameters are useful in the selection of patients with prostate cancer recurrences who are likely to benefit from radiation to the prostatic bed.
The Hopanoids: palaeochemistry and biochemistry of a group of natural products (1979)

Abstract
A multicentre open trial of fluoxetine in depressed out-patients in Belgium. (1989)

Fluoxetine hydrochloride (ProzacR, Lilly), a new antidepressant that specifically inhibits serotonin reuptake was evaluated in an open comparative trial performed in 8 Belgian centres over a period of 9 months. Seventy-six outpatients were enrolled of which 66 were evaluable. Thirty-six patients received an 8 week fluoxetine treatment and 31 patients received tricyclic antidepressants (TCA). Patients from both treatment groups were evaluated for safety and the fluoxetine treated group of patients was assessed for efficacy. On the Hamilton Depression Scale, the mean score dropped from 26.4 to 7.0 after 8 weeks (p less than 0.0001). The Clinical and Patient's Global Impression scores showed a similar evolution. Patients treated with fluoxetine tended to report fewer side-effects than the TCA treated group. Therefore fluoxetine can be regarded as an efficient antidepressant which is at least as well tolerated as TCAs.
A high-capacity RNA affinity column for the purification of human IRP1 and IRP2 overexpressed inPichia pastoris (2003)

Regulated expression of proteins involved in mammalian iron metabolism is achieved in part through the interaction of the iron regulatory proteins IRP1 and IRP2 with highly conserved RNA stem-loop structures, known as iron-responsive elements (IREs), that are located within the 5' or 3' untranslated regions of regulated transcripts. As part of an effort to determine the structures of the IRP-IRE complexes using crystallographic methods, we have developed an efficient process for obtaining functionally pure IRP1 and IRP2 that relies upon the improved overexpression (>10 mg of soluble IRP per liter of culture) of each human IRP in the yeast Pichia pastoris and large-scale purification using RNA affinity chromatography. Despite the utility of RNA affinity chromatography in the isolation of RNA-binding proteins, current methods for preparing RNA affinity matrices produce columns of low capacity and limited stability. To address these limitations, we have devised a simple method for preparing stable, reusable, high-capacity RNA affinity columns. This method utilizes a bifunctional linker to covalently join a 5'-amino tethered RNA with a thiol-modified Sepharose, and can be used to load 150 nmole or more of RNA per milliliter of solid support. We demonstrate here the use of an IRE affinity column in the large-scale purification of IRP1 and IRP2, and suggest that the convenience of this approach will prove attractive in the analysis of other RNA-binding proteins.
Escherichia coli purB gene: cloning, nucleotide sequence, and regulation by purR (1992)

Escherichia coli purB encodes adenylosuccinate lyase (ASL), the enzyme that catalyzes step 8 in the pathway for de novo synthesis of IMP and also the final reaction in the two-step sequence from IMP to AMP. Gene purB was cloned and found to encode an ASL protein of 435 amino acids having a calculated molecular weight of 49,225. E. coli ASL is homologous to the corresponding enzymes from Bacillus subtilis and chickens and also to fumarase from B. subtilis. Gene phoP is 232 bp downstream of purB. Gene purB is regulated threefold by the purine pool and purR. Transcriptional regulation of purB involves binding of the purine repressor to the 16-bp conserved pur regulon operator. The purB operator is 224 bp downstream of the transcription start site and overlaps codons 62 to 67 in the protein-coding sequence.
[Value of the combination of piperacillin and pefloxacin possibly followed by vancomycin in the treatment of febrile neutropenia in nephrotoxic chemotherapy]. (1992)

We evaluated the efficacy and safety of piperacillin-pefloxacin potentially associated to vancomycin as a non nephrotoxic antimicrobial therapy in febrile neutropenic cancer patients, treated with nephrotoxic chemotherapy. Fifty-seven patients: 49 with solid tumors and 8 non-Hodgkin lymphomas, were treated during 85 episodes with: piperacillin 4 g IV every 8 h pefloxacin 400 mg IV every 12 h. If the patient remained febrile after 72 h, 1 g of vancomycin IV was added every 12 h. The mean duration of neutropenia was 7 days (3-14 days). In 44 episodes, the granulocyte nadir was < 100/mm3. Infection was microbiologically documented in 17 episodes (20%) with ten Gram-positive cocci and 11 Gram-negative bacilli. There were 64 apyrexia with piperacillin-pefloxacin (75%) and further 14 were resolved by the addition of vancomycin (total success = 92%); three early changes because of clinical deterioration (two episodes) or germ resistance (one episode); three protocol violations, and one apyrexia by addition of amphotericin. Neither septic death nor toxicity were observed. We conclude that this empirical treatment is active and safe and avoids nephrotoxicity in cancer patients heavily treated with nephrotoxic chemotherapy.
Glioblastoma multiforme and anaplastic astrocytoma pathologic criteria and prognostic implications (1985)

A total of 1440 malignant astrocytic gliomas from three Phase III trials of the National Brain Tumor Study Group were studied to document the clinical usefulness of subclassifying these lesions as either an anaplastic astrocytoma or a glioblastoma multiforme. As defined by a previous "blind" pathology review, the two groups of patients were compared as to mean age, mean duration of preoperative symptoms, and postrandomization survival. In addition, 10 histologic variables were studied in 150 patients with the anaplastic astrocytoma to establish internal correlations, and to relate specific histologic variables to patient age and postrandomization survival. There were highly significant differences in the age, duration of preoperative symptoms, and post randomization survival between the two groups. Internal correlations between histologic variables in the anaplastic astrocytoma disclosed statistically significant associations between the presence of lymphocytes and gemistocytic astrocytes. It is concluded that the subclassification of malignant gliomas into the anaplastic astrocytoma and the glioblastoma multiforme defines groups of patients that are significantly different in regard to age, duration of symptoms, and length of survival. The problems of tissue sampling are recognized, however, the assignment, by a blind pathology review, to two such different groups indicates that the classification has utility for large randomized clinical trials. The analysis of histologic variables in the anaplastic astrocytomas confirms previous suggestions that lymphocytes and gemistocytes frequently coexist in malignant gliomas, but in this study these inflammatory cells did not appear to influence survival. The study reemphasizes the association between advancing age and shorter survivals in patients with malignant gliomas.
Instantaneous, two-dimensional, spontaneous Raman measurements of hydrogen number density in a laminar jet using an intra-cavity configuration (2007)

In view of the increasing importance of hydrogen as a fuel, we are presenting a novel experimental technique that allows for two-dimensional (2D), spontaneous Raman hydrogen concentration measurements in optically accessible enclosures. The novelty of the technique lies in that the actual experiment takes place in a laser cavity, which significantly enhances the inherently weak hydrogen Raman signal. Quantitative, 2D measurements of hydrogen number density were performed at elevated pressure by inserting a pressurised vessel in the cavity of a flashlamp-pumped dye laser. Particular emphasis is placed on the determination of the data accuracy of this technique, which is inherently noisy because of the weakness of the Raman signal. The measurements are compared with the results of direct numerical simulation for a laminar jet. The problems of determining accurately the position and the intensity profile of the laser sheet are addressed. A minimum number density of hydrogen that can be detected with an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio, for a 520-m resolution, was determined.
Metalloenzyme Inhibitor from Kidney Beans (1979)

Inhibitory activity directed against metalloenzymes has been highly purified from extracts of red kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). The inhibitor is a substance of small molecular weight and appears to be a chelator of Zn(2+). One milligram of the preparation inhibited 23 milligrams carboxypeptidase A. The inhibitor also strongly inhibited carboxypeptidase B and alkaline phosphatase and could activate phosphoglucomutase that had previously been inactivated with Zn(2+). The isoelectric point of the inhibitor is 4.7. The inhibitor activity was abolished by preincubation with Zn(2+), Ni(2+), Co(2+), or Cu(2+). The mechanism of inhibition of carboxypeptidases and alkaline phosphatase by the bean inhibitor is apparently due to the complexing and complete removal of Zn(2+) from the enzymes.
High Plasma Levels of Soluble P-Selectin Are Predictive for Venous Thromboembolism in Cancer Patients - Results from the Vienna Cancer and Thrombosis Study (CATS). (2007)

Abstract Cancer patients are at high risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE), which represents an additional burden and a frequent cause of increased mortality. Laboratory parameters with a predictive value for VTE could help to assign a patient to a high or low risk group. In recent studies the cell adhesion molecule P-selectin was identified to be a strong risk factor for VTE. However, the role of soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) in cancer-associated VTE is not known because up to now clinical data are not available. Therefore, we assessed sP-selectin plasma levels in cancer patients as a risk predictor for VTE and provide a report from the ongoing prospective observational CATS. Patients with newly diagnosed cancer or progression of disease who had no chemotherapy within the last three months were enrolled from October 2003 to October 2006 and followed prospectively via phone and mail. Occurrence of VTE and information on the patientś anti-cancer-treatment within the follow up period were recorded. VTE has always been confirmed by imaging. sP-selectin levels were measured with a highly sensitive ELISA. Kaplan Meier and Cox regression analysis were applied for statistical calculation. We included 687 patients (319 female/368 male, median age [IQR]: 62 [54–68] yrs) with malignant disease and followed them for a median observation period of 415 days. Main tumour entities were malignancies of the breast (n=125), lung (n=86), upper (n=30) and lower gastrointestinal tract (n=100), pancreas (n=42), kidney (n=19) and prostate (n=72). Furthermore, 80 patients had high-grade glioma, 73 lymphomas, 18 multiple myeloma and 42 other tumour types. Distant metastases were found in 268 patients at the time of recruitment. During the observation period VTE occurred in 45 patients (21 female/24 male, median age [IQR]: 62 [48–66] yrs). Elevated plasma levels of sP-selectin (cut-off level 53.1 ng/mL representing the 75th percentile of the total study population, 173 patients) [hazard ratio (HR): 2.5, 95% CI 1.4 – 4.6], surgery [HR: 3.9, 95% CI 1.8 – 8.5] and radiotherapy [HR: 3.2, 95% CI 1.6 – 6.4] were statistically significant risk factors for VTE in multivariable analysis including sP-selectin, age, sex, surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The cumulative probability of VTE after 6 months was 11.9% in patients with sP-selectin plasma levels above and 3.7% in those below the 75th percentile. In conclusion, high plasma levels of sP-selectin independently predict VTE in cancer patients. Measurement of sP-selectin at diagnosis of cancer would help to identify patients at increased risk for VTE.
Differential regulation of motility and immune synapses by CD28/ CTLA-4 costimulation in effector and regulatory T cells (2012)

International audience
NIRF Optical/PET Dual-Modal Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Heptamethine Carbocyanine Dye (2018)

Combining near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) and nuclear imaging techniques provides a novel approach for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis. Here, we report the synthesis and characteristics of a dual-modality NIRF optical/positron emission tomography (PET) imaging probe using heptamethine carbocyanine dye and verify its feasibility in both nude mice and rabbits with orthotopic xenograft liver cancer. This dye, MHI-148, is an effective cancer-specific NIRF imaging agent and shows preferential uptake and retention in liver cancer. The corresponding NIRF imaging intensity reaches 10<sup>9</sup>/cm<sup>2</sup> tumor area at 24 h after injection in mice with HCC subcutaneous tumors. The dye can be further conjugated with radionuclide <sup>68</sup>Ga (<sup>68</sup>Ga-MHI-148) for PET tracing. We applied the dual-modality methodology toward the detection of HCC in both patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDX) models and rabbit orthotopic transplantation models. NIRF/PET images showed clear tumor delineation after probe injection (MHI-148 and <sup>68</sup>Ga-MHI-148). The tumor-to-muscle (T/M) standardized uptake value (SUV) ratios were obtained from PET at 1 h after injection of <sup>68</sup>Ga-MHI-148, which was helpful for effectively capturing small tumors in mice (0.5 cm × 0.3 cm) and rabbits (1.2 cm × 1.8 cm). This cancer-targeting NIRF/PET dual-modality imaging probe provides a proof of principle for noninvasive detection of deep-tissue tumors in mouse and rabbit and is a promising technique for more accurate and early detection of HCC.
Renewal of landslides, protection of slope failures and tunnel profiles with lightweight composite concrete made with polystyrene (2007)

This article is about renewal of landslides, protection of slope failures and tunnel profiles with lightweight composite concrete made with polystyrene. This concrete has several advantages over ordinary concretes arid mortars: it is lighter, it can be build in by concreting machines in thickness up to 50 mm. Coating made from this concrete is filtrating and protective and it is frost resistant, because the ice can be easily spread inside this material. Lightweight composite concrete made from polystyrene is easily processed: it can be drilled, cut, and grind, so it is easy to drill and concrete anchors or even plant trees for environment renewal. This concrete is permeable as well as the soil, so it is suitable for roots of trees. Lightweight composite concrete made from polystyrene can absorbs noise, so it is suitable for tunnels and slopes by the roads.
Amyopathic dermatomyositis in Hong Kong – association with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (1998)

There is a strong association between ADM and NPC in Hong Kong.
A gas-tight Cu Kα x-ray transparent reaction chamber for high-temperature x-ray diffraction analyses of halide gas/solid reactions (2009)

An externally heated, x-ray transparent reaction chamber has been developed to enable the dynamic high temperature x-ray diffraction (HTXRD) analysis of a gas/solid [TiF(4)(g)/SiO(2)(s)] reaction involving a halide gas reactant formed at elevated temperatures (up to 350 degrees C) from a condensed source (TiF(4) powder) sealed within the chamber. The reaction chamber possessed x-ray transparent windows comprised of a thin (13 microm) internal layer of Al foil and a thicker (125 microm) external Kapton film. After sealing the SiO(2) specimens (diatom frustules or Stober spheres) above TiF(4) powder within the reaction chamber, the chamber was heated to a temperature in the range of 160-350 degrees C to allow for internal generation of TiF(4)(g). The TiF(4)(g) underwent a metathetic reaction with the SiO(2) specimen to yield a TiOF(2)(s) product. HTXRD analysis, using Cu K alpha x rays passed through the Kapton/Al windows of the chamber, was used to track the extent of SiO(2) consumption and/or TiOF(2) formation with time. The Al foil inner layer of the windows protected the Kapton film from chemical attack by TiF(4)(g), whereas the thicker, more transparent Kapton film provided the mechanical strength needed to contain this gas. By selecting an appropriate combination of x-ray transparent materials to endow such composite windows with the required thermal, chemical, and mechanical performance, this inexpensive reaction chamber design may be applied to the HTXRD analyses of a variety of gas/solid reactions.