gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Software write detection for a distributed shared memory (1994)

Most software-based distributed shared memory (DSM) systems rely on the operating system's virtual memory interface to detect writes to shared data. Strategies based on virtual memory page protection create two problems for a DSM system. First, writes can have high overhead since they are detected with a page fault. As a result, a page must be written many times to amortize the cost of that fault. Second, the size of a virtual memory page is too big to serve as a unit of coherency, inducing false sharing. Mechanisms to handle false sharing can increase runtime overhead and may cause data to be unnecessarily communicated between processors.In this paper, we present a new method for write detection that solves these problems. Our method relies on the compiler and runtime system to detect writes to shared data without invoking the operating system. We measure and compare implementations of a distributed shared memory system using both strategies, virtual memory and compiler/runtime, running a range of applications on a small scale distributed memory multicomputer. We show that the new method has low average write latency and supports fine-grained sharing with low overhead. Further, we show that the dominant cost of write detection with either strategy is due to the mechanism used to handle fine-grain sharing.
Phase Evolution, Polymorphism, and Catalytic Activity of Nickel Dichalcogenide Nanocrystals (2022)

The nickel chalcogenide family contains multiple phases, each with varying properties that can be applied to an expansive range of industrially relevant processes. Specifically, pyrite-type NiS2 and NiSe2 have been used as electrocatalysts for oxygen or hydrogen evolution reactions. These pyrites have also been used in batteries and solar cells due to their optoelectronic and transport properties. The phase evolution of pyrite NiS2 and polymorphism of NiSe2 have briefly been studied in the literature, but there has been limited work focusing on the phase transformations within each of these two systems. Using experiments and calculations, we detail how pyrite NiS2 nanocrystals decompose into hexagonal α-NiS, and how the synthesis of pyrite NiSe2 nanocrystals is affected by the presence of two polymorphs, a metastable orthorhombic marcasite phase and a more stable cubic pyrite phase. Each reaction can be controlled by fine-tuning the reaction parameters, including temperature, time, and the precursor identity and concentration. Interestingly, both NiS2 and NiSe2 nanopyrites are active catalysts in the selective reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline, in agreement with other catalysts containing an fcc (sub) lattice. Our results demonstrate a feasible, logical process for synthesizing nanocrystalline pyrites without common byproducts or impurities. This work can help in solving a major problem suspected in preventing pyrite FeS2 and similar materials from large-scale use: the presence of small amounts of secondary phases and impurities.
The challenge of the solubility parameter concept (1968)

Solubility parameter has been a powerful tool in the formulation and use of coatings. Recent advances include graphical methods of presentation and the concept of a three dimensional vector quantity. There is still room for improvement in the quantizing of the hydrogen bonding coordinate and in providing for crystallinity in polymers. The greatest practical challenge is in adapting solubility parameter to interfacial energies and pigment dispersion. -- AATA
Generation of b-wave currents in the skate retina. (1978)

Potassium kinetics within the skate retina were monitored extracellularly with K+-selective electrodes. Two sources of K+ efflux were detected in response to photic stimulation: one in the distal retina in the region of the outer plexiform layer, and the other at a more proximal location near the border between the inner nuclear and inner plexiform layers. The magnitude of the K+ efflux at these retinal depths was affected differently by spot and full-field illumination, suggesting that the two sources originate from different classes of neuron. There is evidence that both sources are associated with current sinks provided by the Müller cells, thereby establishing radial current paths along the lengths of these elements. We have proposed a model in which asymmetries in the magnitudes of these currents give rise to the b-wave of the electroretinogram. Extracellular field potentials recorded differentially at various retinal depths, and in response to changes in stimulus configuration, were consistent with predictions of the model.
Wavelets and their applications past and future (2009)

As this is a conference on mathematical tools for defense, I would like to dedicate this talk to the memory of Louis Auslander, who through his insights and visionary leadership, brought powerful new mathematics into DARPA, he has provided the main impetus to the development and insertion of wavelet based processing in defense. My goal here is to describe the evolution of a stream of ideas in Harmonic Analysis, ideas which in the past have been mostly applied for the analysis and extraction of information from physical data, and which now are increasingly applied to organize and extract information and knowledge from any set of digital documents, from text to music to questionnaires. This form of signal processing on digital data, is part of the future of wavelet analysis.
New reaction rates for the destruction of7Be during big bang nucleosynthesis measured at CERN/n_TOF and their implications on the cosmological lithium problem (2020)

New measurements of the 7 Be(n, α ) 4 He and 7 Be(n,p) 7 Li reaction cross sections from thermal to keV neutron energies have been recently performed at CERN/n_TOF. Based on the new experimental results, astrophysical reaction rates have been derived for both reactions, including a proper evaluation of their uncertainties in the thermal energy range of interest for big bang nucleosynthesis studies. The new estimate of the 7 Be destruction rate, based on these new results, yields a decrease of the predicted cosmological 7 Li abundance insufficient to provide a viable solution to the cosmological lithium problem.
Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods in Computer Graphics, Part II (1994)

The radiance equation, which describes the global illumination problem in computer graphics, is a high dimensional integral equation. Estimates of the solution are usually computed on the basis of Monte Carlo methods. In this paper we propose and investigate quasi-Monte Carlo methods, which means that we replace (pseudo-) random samples by low discrepancy sequences, yielding deterministic algorithms. We carry out a comparative numerical study between Monte Carlo and quasi-Monte Carlo methods. Our results show that quasi-Monte Carlo converges considerably faster.
Overview of Intergranular Corrosion Mechanisms, Phenomenological Observations, and Modeling of AA5083 (2015)

Intergranular corrosion (IGC) of Al-Mg alloys in aqueous solutions is reviewed. Al-Mg alloys containing more than 3 wt% Mg can form β phase (Al3Mg2) that will precipitate via heterogeneous nucleation and growth when exposed to temperatures as low as 50°C for long periods of time, leading to sensitization and susceptibility to intergranular attack. The β-phase precipitates nucleate preferentially on grain boundaries, at second-phase particles, at dislocations, and throughout the bulk matrix. The grain boundary precipitation of β phase is dependent on Mg content, temperature, exposure time, and grain boundary characteristics, and is often practically characterized by degree of sensitization (DoS) defined by ASTM G67, but more scientifically by β-phase grain boundary coverage. IGC initiates readily from surfaces exposed to aqueous electrolytes (i.e., it does not require deep pits as precursor sites) and can penetrate to significant depths. IGC initiation can be explained in terms of an electrochemical framework based on differences between the pitting potentials of the Al-Mg solid solution and the β phase, which exist in a broad range of solutions and pH levels. Surface spreading of β-phase attack is reliant on the lateral spacing and proximity of β-phase particles and governed by DoS, grain size, and electrolyte concentration effects. IGC penetration depends on DoS, but more directly β-phase coverage, grain orientation, temper, and critically on electrochemical potential in NaCl solution. An aggressive fissure chemistry must be maintained to sustain IGC growth; this maintenance depends on the dissolution properties of both α and β phases. Threshold potentials are observed for IGC in NaCl solution. The origins of both the threshold and potential dependency of growth are discussed herein.
Mechanisms of Catalysis of Nucleophilic Reactions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleMechanisms of Catalysis of Nucleophilic Reactions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives.Myron L. BenderCite this: Chem. Rev. 1960, 60, 1, 53–113Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60203a005https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60203a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6812Altmetric-Citations518LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Temperature effect on chiral recognition of some amino acids with molecularly imprinted polymer filled capillary electrochromatography (1997)

L-Aromatic amino acid imprinted polymers were prepared using azobisnitriles as either photoinitiators or thermal initiators at temperature ranging from 4 to 60 degrees C. Methacrylic acid (MAA) was used as functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) was used as cross-linker. The result polymers were ground and sieved to particles < or = 10 microns, filled into the capillary columns and used for enantiomeric separations in capillary electrochromatographic (CEC) mode. The polymer particles < or = 25 were packed into high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) columns and used for enantioseparations in the HPLC mode. The mobility and chiral separation of some amino acids were studied on CEC and HPLC columns at different temperature. The relationships of separation factor and column temperatures and demonstrated in linear between logarithm of the separation factor (in alpha) and the inverse of absolute temperature (1/T). Some thermodynamic parameters, such as the apparent change of enthalpy (delta H zero) and the apparent change of entropy (delta S zero), were obtained using van't Hoff plots. The information obtained from the thermodynamic study is discussed in developing strategies for chiral recognitions of amino acids by molecular imprinting technique.
Glyceraldehyde Preserves Glucose Concentrations in Whole Blood Specimens (2000)

Glyceraldehyde (D,L-GA or L-GA) effectively preserves glucose concentrations in whole blood specimens for up to 8 h. Specimens collected with D,L-GA or L-GA are suitable for analysis of many analytes commonly comeasured with glucose.
Antibacterial activity of synthetic dermaseptins against growing and non-growing Escherichia coli cultures (1998)

We synthesized, and purified to homogeneity, four peptides with sequences corresponding to natural dermaseptins. We compared their in-vitro antibacterial potencies against growing and non-growing Escherichia coli cells under different oxygen conditions. The dermaseptins displayed different antibacterial potencies (MICs = 1-4 microM). Killing assays showed that slowly growing bacteria were more susceptible to the synthetic replicates of dermaseptins than rapidly growing cells. In addition, the peptides displayed high efficacy in strictly anaerobic incubation conditions. These results suggest that synthetic dermaseptins are of potential interest in the eradication of bacteria placed in a dormant state and/or subjected to low oxygen tensions.
IL-27 promotes IL-10 production and B7-H1 expression by plasmacytoid DC and augments their expansion of allogeneic Foxp3+ CD4+ T cells (147.2) (2011)

Abstract IL-27 is an immunoregulatory cytokine that influences T cell responses and can promote Treg function. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) possess immunoregulatory properties that can favor induction of immune tolerance. We investigated the influence of IL-27 on pDC phenotype, function, and interaction with allogeneic T cells. pDC (mPDCA-1+) were immunobead-purified from livers and spleens of Flt3L-treated C57BL/6 mice. Cells were cultured with CpG B, IL-27, or both, and their phenotype and cytokine production analyzed by flow cytometry. T cell allostimulatory capacity of pDC was determined in CFSE MLR, including analysis of Foxp3 expression. CpG B upregulated MHC class II and CD86 on pDC, however, liver pDC expressed greater levels of the coregulator B7-H1, IL-27p28, IL-10, and the IL-27 receptor (R)/WSX-1 compared to spleen pDC. Exposure to exogenous IL-27 augmented B7-H1 and IL-10 but decreased CD86 expression only on liver pDC. Inhibition of STAT3 blunted upregulation of B7-H1. Liver pDC exposed to exogenous IL-27 selectively expanded CD4+Foxp3+ T cells, despite no change in overall CD4+ T cell proliferation. In conclusion, IL-27 enhances the immunoregulatory potential of pDC through upregulation of B7-H1 and IL-10, but not CD86. IL-27-conditioned liver pDC exhibit enhanced ability to expand allogeneic CD4+Foxp3+ T cells compared to spleen pDC. IL-27 may facilitate immunoregulation through the modulation of pDC function and subsequent control of allogeneic T cell responses.
Upregulation of the Viability of Nucleus Pulposus Cells by Bone Marrow-Derived Stromal Cells (2004)

Direct cell-to-cell contact in coculture system between nucleus pulposus cells and bone marrow-derived stromal cells accomplished significant upregulation in viability of nucleus pulposus cells.
AN ANTIGENIC COMPARISON BETWEEN INFECTIOUS HEMATOPOIETIC NECROSIS VIRUS (OSV STRAIN) AND THE VIRUS OF HAEMORRHAGIC SEPTICAEMIA OF RAINBOW TROUT (Salmo gairdneri) (DENMARK STRAIN) BY CROSS NEUTRALIZATION (1974)

The infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (OSV strain) and the virus of haemorrhagic septicaemia of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) (Denmark strain) were examined for possible antigenic relationship by plaque neutralization using homologous and heterologous antisera. No neutralization of either virus was observed on exposure to heterologous antiserum. This indicates that there is no antigenic relationship between these two viruses as determined by this method.
Rational Design and Self-Assembly of Coiled-Coil Linked SasG Protein Fibrils (2020)

Protein engineering is an attractive approach for the self-assembly of nanometer-scale architectures for a range of potential nanotechnologies. Using the versatile chemistry provided by protein folding and assembly, coupled with amino acid side-chain functionality, allows for the construction of precise molecular "protein origami" hierarchical patterned structures for a range of nanoapplications such as stand-alone enzymatic pathways and molecular machines. The <i>Staphyloccocus aureus</i> surface protein SasG is a rigid, rod-like structure shown to have high mechanical strength due to "clamp-like" intradomain features and a stabilizing interface between the G5 and E domains, making it an excellent building block for molecular self-assembly. Here we characterize a new two subunit system composed of the SasG rod protein genetically conjugated with <i>de novo</i> designed coiled-coils, resulting in the self-assembly of fibrils. Circular dichroism (CD) and quartz-crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) are used to show the specific, alternating binding between the two subunits. Furthermore, we use atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study the extent of subunit polymerization in a liquid environment, demonstrating self-assembly culminating in the formation of linear macromolecular fibrils.
Circuit Model of Battery Recharging by Volume Conduction (2006)

Many current implantable devices require large capacity batteries implanted in the body. In this paper we present a new approach of transcutaneous battery recharging by volume conduction and its circuit model. We also analyze the current transmitting efficiency and rechargeable prerequisite of transcutaneous battery recharging by applying this circuit model. The experiments prove the legitimacy of the circuit model.
ORCHESTRATING SPATIAL REUSE IN WIRELESS AD HOC NETWORKS USING SYNCHRONOUS COLLISION RESOLUTION (SCR) (2002)

We propose a novel medium access control protocol for ad hoc wireless networks data to send can contend simultaneously for the channel. Nodes contend for access using a synchronous signaling mechanism that achieves two objectives: it arbitrates contentions locally and it selects a subset of nodes across the network that attempt to transmit simultaneously. The subset of nodes that survive the signaling mechanism can be viewed as an orchestrated set of transmissions that are spatially reusing the channel shared by the nodes. Thus the 'quality' of the subset of nodes selected by the signaling mechanism is a key factor in determining the spatial capacity of the system. In this paper, we propose a general model for such synchronous signaling mechanisms and recommend a preferred design. We then focus via both analysis and simulation on the spatial and capacity characteristics of these access control mechanisms. Our work is unique in that it specifically focuses on the spatial capacity aspects of a MAC protocol, as would be critical for ad hoc networking, and shows SCR is a promising solution. Specifically, it does not suffer from congestion collapse as the density of contending nodes grows, it does not suffer from hidden or exposed node effects, it achieves high capacities with a spatial usage exceeding 1 (i.e. more than one packet exchange in the area covered by a transmission), and it facilitates the integration of new physical layer capacity increasing technologies.
Synthesis, characterization and photoreaction of side‐chain liquid‐crystalline polymers and copolymers comprising alkenyloxy‐biphenyl mesogen (1997)

Abstract Photoreactive (meth)acrylate monomers having mesogenic groups based on 4‐hexyloxy‐4′‐(3‐methyl‐2‐butenyloxy)biphenyl and 4‐hexyloxy‐4′‐(2‐butenyloxy)biphenyl were synthesized. Methacrylate monomers ( 3c, d ) and acrylate monomer having 3‐methyl‐2‐butenyloxy group ( 3b ) were polymerized by free radical mechanism; the acrylate monomer having 2‐butenyloxy group ( 3a ) caused gelation during the polymerization. To obtain photoreactivity, 4‐benzoylphenyl (meth)acrylates were radically copolymerized with monomers 3b and 3d . Thermal behavior of (co)polymers was determined by differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical microscopy and temperature‐controlled X‐ray analysis. (Co)polymers showed liquid‐crystalline behaviour with nematic and smectic phases. UV‐irradiation was used to photochemically crosslink copolymer films, and the resultant films were insoluble in organic solvents. The uniaxially oriented copolymer thin film was photo‐crosslinked and showed thermally stable orientation.
Diffusion et adsorption en milieu poreux : profil expérimental et modélisation (2010)

http://nonlineaire.univ-lille1.fr
Regulation of Tumor Necrosis Factor Secretion in Leukocytes from Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Deficient Humans (1990)

Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AT) is one of several alpha-globulins which have been shown to be inhibitors of human peripheral blood monocyte TNF secretion in vitro. AT deficiency states exist, within which individuals of either the PiSS or PiZZ phenotype have reduced hepatocyte and mononuclear phagocyte AT secretion when compared to normal PiMM subjects. Here we have compared the capacity of peripheral blood monocytes of all three phenotypes to respond to both enhancers and inhibitors of TNF secretion. All monocytes exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and endotoxin, PGE2, transforming growth factor-beta 1, whole plasma alpha-globulins, purified AT and IL-6 responded equally with respect to the secretion of TNF. Our findings show that the regulation of TNF secretion in leukocytes from AT deficient humans is normal and suggest that defective AT secretion alone does not result in the aberrant regulation of TNF secretion.
Deep Learning with Dense Random Neural Networks for Detecting Attacks Against IoT-Connected Home Environments (2018)

In this paper, we analyze the network attacks that can be launched against IoT gateways, identify the relevant metrics to detect them, and explain how they can be computed from packet captures. We also present the principles and design of a deep learning-based approach using dense random neural networks (RNN) for the online detection of network attacks. Empirical validation results on packet captures in which attacks were inserted show that the Dense RNN correctly detects attacks.
Noncontact AFM and differential reflectance spectroscopy joint analyses of bis-pyrenyl thin films on bulk insulators: Relationship between structural and optical properties (2018)

The combined characterization of structural and optical properties of organic interfaces adsorbed on inorganic solid substrates down to the molecular scale is crucial from a fundamental point of view, but also if one tackles efficient applied devices. In this work, a set of joint structural and optical analyses of self-assemblies of $\ensuremath{\pi}$-conjugated bis-pyrene derivatives upon adsorption on two alkali halides bulk insulators is reported. The structural analysis is performed by means of noncontact atomic force microscopy in ultrahigh vacuum either at room or at the liquid-nitrogen temperature with molecular resolution. The surface coverage ranges from the submonolayer (ML) regime up to 5 ML. In situ optical spectroscopy is performed by means of differential reflectance (DR) spectroscopy. A thorough fitting methodology of the DR spectra allows us to derive the complete dielectric function of the molecular adlayers treated in an anisotropic formalism, albeit restricted to an uniaxial approximation. Conclusions regarding the process of condensation of the molecules into H aggregates from its early stages up to the solid molecular phase are drawn. This work highlights three main reasons to bridge high-resolution structural and optical characterization of the molecular layers, which all point towards the necessity to constrain the fitting process, namely, (i) characterizing the growth mode of the molecules, (ii) identifying the structural order of the resulting assemblies, and (iii) discriminating their constitutive phases by means of molecular resolution imaging.