gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Urothelial Cancer of the Bladder in an Area of Former Coal, Iron, and Steel Industries in Germany: A Case—Control Study (1998)

In a case-control study performed in an area of former coal, iron, and steel industries, the professional and lifestyle histories of 412 male urothelial bladder cancer inpatients (cases) and 414 inpatients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (controls) were investigated. Smoking habits were identified as the main confounder for occupational bladder cancer risk. Two hundred and forty (58.3%) of the bladder cancer inpatients and 146 (35.3%) of the inpatients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were smokers. The percentage of ex-smokers in the bladder cancer cases was 10.2%; the percentage of ex-smokers in the controls was 9.7%. Smoking-adjusted Mantel-Haenszel estimates of the odds ratios (OR&infMH;) for bladder cancer were elevated in underground hard-coal miners (OR&infMH; =2. 54, 95% CI =[1.64; 3.93]), chemical workers (OR&infMH; =2.16, 95% CI =[0.87; 5.38]), painters/varnishers (OR&infMH; = 2.42, 95% CI =[1. 05; 5.57]), technicians (OR&infMH; = 1.99, 95% CI =[0.95; 4.16]), and foundry workers (OR&infMH; = 2.22, 95% CI = [0.53; 9.08]). Administrative officers had significantly lower smoking-adjusted odds ratios (OR&infMH; = 0.61, 95% CI = [0.42; 0.88]). Although statistically not significant, the results of the Breslow-Day test of homogeneity of the odds ratios over the strata are compatible with interactions between tobacco smoking and the occupations of underground hard-coal miners (chi(2)&infBD; = 4.91, p=0.07) and chemical workers (chi(2)&infBR; = 3.32, p=0.06).
Generation of quantum logic operations from physical Hamiltonians (2005)

We provide a systematic analysis of the physical generation of single- and two-qubit quantum operations from Hamiltonians available in various quantum systems for scalable quantum information processing. We show that generation of single-qubit operations can be transformed into a steering problem on the Bloch sphere, which represents all ${R}_{z}$-equivalence classes of single-qubit operations, whereas the two-qubit problem can be generally transformed into a steering problem in a tetrahedron representing all the local-equivalence classes of two-qubit operations (the Weyl chamber). We use this approach to investigate several physical examples for the generation of two-qubit operations. The steering approach provides useful guidance for the realization of various quantum computation schemes.
Smartphone-based Optical Fiber Speckle Spectrometer (2020)

We demonstrate a spectrometer that uses a smaityhone to image the speckle pattern produced by a multimode optical fiber. A smarjihone-based algorithm uses the measured pattern and a calibration library to determine the input spectnrm.
Optimal Transmission Switching (2008)

In this paper, we formulate the problem of finding an optimal generation dispatch and transmission topology to meet a specific inflexible load as a mixed integer program. Our model is a mixed-integer linear program because it employs binary variables to represent the state of the equipment and linear relationships to describe the physical system. We find that on the standard 118-bus IEEE test case a savings of 25% in system dispatch cost can be achieved.
Inhaled Cyclosporine and Pulmonary Function in Lung Transplant Recipients (2009)

In this single center trial, ACsA appears to ameliorate important pulmonary function parameters in lung transplant recipients compared to aerosol placebo and historical control patients. Single- and double-lung transplant recipients may not respond uniformly to treatment, and ongoing randomized trials in lung transplant recipients using ACsA may help elucidate our findings.
Ageing well with diabetes: A workshop to co‐design research recommendations for improving the diabetes care of older people (2022)

This paper outlines recommendations supported by PLWD through which new research could improve their diabetes care and calls on the research community and funders to address them in future research programmes and strategies.
Revista Proceso N.45 (2017)

Revista Procesos es una publicación académica semestral producida por el Área de Historia. Se propone difundir investigaciones sobre el pasado de los países andinos y sudamericanos, y promover el debate historiográfico.
Approaches to tackling obesity in children (2007)

The increasing prevalence of obesity in children is an issue in many countries across the world. While undernutrition (in terms of deficient nutrient intake) continues to be a problem for many children, overnutrition (in terms of energy intake in excess of needs) is an increasing public health concern. Our genetic make−up has evolved to deal with an environment where food is scarce at times and plentiful at other times. In this type of environment the capacity for fat deposition means that we are more likely to survive through periods when food is scarce. Our bodies may also seek to minimise energy expenditure in order not to expend too much of our fat stores. Children today are faced with an environment where food is of a high quality and plentiful, and there are many opportunities to limit physical activity. Play is often focused on sedentary games and entertainment,such as watching television. Many children today are, therefore, dealing with an environment which promotes obesity.
Supplemental Figure 4 from Classifying Colorectal Cancer by Tumor Location Rather than Sidedness Highlights a Continuum in Mutation Profiles and Consensus Molecular Subtypes (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Summary of the relative prognostic and mutational impact of tumor location in metastatic colorectal cancer. Sub-caption: Relative prevalence of mutations at each site was compared to the median prevalence across all sites and used to calculate relative font size for each gene name. Hazard ratios displayed in the figure utilize rectal location as the reference category.&lt;/p&gt;
Influence of organozinc ligand design on growth and material properties of ZnS and ZnO deposited by atomic layer deposition (2011)

Deposition of ZnS and ZnO by the atomic layer deposition technique is performed using both dimethylzinc (DMZn) and diethylzinc (DEZn) as the metal source and H2S or H2O as the counter-reactant. The deposited films are characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible measurements, and particular emphasis is placed on the influence of the metal precursor on material growth and properties. The use of DMZn as the Zn source results in faster material deposition than growth with DEZn due to a less significant steric factor with DMZn. The material properties of the deposited ZnS films are nearly identical for the DMZn/H2S and DEZn/H2S processes, whereas XRD provided evidence for slight variations in the material properties of the DMZn/H2O and DEZn/H2O grown films. Overall, pure and crystalline ZnS and ZnO films can be deposited via either DMZn or DEZn, and ZnO growth is more affected by the modification of the ligand of the Zn precursor from methyl to ethyl.
Drug Discovery for Nervous System Diseases By Franz F. Hefti (Rinat Neuroscience Corporation). John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ. 2005. vii + 319 pp. 7 × 10 in. $89.95. ISBN 0-471-46563-1. (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook ReviewNEXTDrug Discovery for Nervous System Diseases By Franz F. Hefti (Rinat Neuroscience Corporation). John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ. 2005. vii + 319 pp. 7 × 10 in. $89.95. ISBN 0-471-46563-1.John W. FerkanyView Author Information Surface Logix, Inc. Brighton, MassachusettsCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 2005, 68, 10, 1579–1580Publication Date (Web):September 21, 2005Publication History Published online21 September 2005Published inissue 1 October 2005https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np0582574https://doi.org/10.1021/np0582574book-reviewACS PublicationsCopyright © 2005 American Chemical Society and American Society of PharmacognosyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views156Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Central nervous system,Diseases and disorders,Drug discovery,Neuroscience,Pharmaceuticals Get e-Alerts
Application of ALE techniques to metal forming simulations (1993)

The utility of the arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) code format is evaluated in the context of use in simulating metal forming processes. Emphasis is on large deformation processes such as casting, forging and extrusion. The basic point at issue is whether the continual remapping capability inherent in the ALE approach can provide advantages relative to the more standard approach of using a Lagrangian mesh but allowing for isolated remeshing as required. A particular ALE implementation, ALE3D, is used as the basis for the discussion. Pros and cons for this approach are presented along with illustrations of its application to actual forming problems.
Pure-Silica Zeolite Low-k Dielectric Thin Films (2001)

Dielectric materials with a very low dielectric constant, k, will be required to overcome problems such as cross-talk and propagation delay in future generations of microprocessors, whose features are becoming increasingly smaller. Here pure-silica zeolite is examined as an alternative low-k material. Thin films prepared by in-situ crystallization (see Figure) and a spin-on process are compared.
A GPU-accelerated network traffic monitoring and analysis system (2013)

Data center networks are evolving toward the use of 40GE between access and aggregation layers, and 100GE at the core layer. With such high data rates, network traffic monitoring and analysis applications, particularly those involved in traffic scrutiny on a per-packet basis, require both enormous raw compute power and high I/O throughput. Many monitoring and analysis tools are facing extreme performance and scalability challenges as 40GE/100GE network environments emerge. Recently, GPU technology has been applied to accelerate general purpose scientific and engineering computing. The GPU architecture fits well with the features of packet-based network monitoring and analysis applications. At Fermilab, we have prototyped a GPU-accelerated architecture for network traffic capturing, monitoring, and analyzing. With a single Nvidia M2070 GPU, our system can handle 11 million+ packets per second without packet drops. In this paper, we will describe our architectural approach in developing a generic GPU-assisted packet capture and analysis capability.
Erythema nodosum in renal transplant recipients: multiple cases and review of literature (2009)

We report 4 renal transplant recipients with erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum is a cutaneous inflammatory reaction located on the anterior aspects of the lower extremities. It may be associated with a wide variety of diseases, including infections (as in Cases 1 and 2), sarcoidosis, rheumatologic diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases (as in Case 3), medications (as in Case 4), autoimmune disorders, pregnancy, and malignancies. Histopathologically, erythema nodosum is the stereotypical example of a mostly septal panniculitis with no vasculitis, and the inflammatory infiltrate in the septa varies with age of the lesion. In early lesions edema, hemorrhage, and neutrophils are responsible for the septal thickening, whereas fibrosis, peri-septal granulation tissue, lymphocytes, and multinucleated giant cells are the main findings in late stage. Etiological management - by anti-tuberculous therapy in Cases 1 and 2, by salazopyrin in Case 3, and by discontinuation of ciprofloxacin in Case 4 - was associated with regression. Erythema nodosum can develop in renal transplant patients who did not receive induction therapy, non-rejecters, and those with steroid-free protocols. Management of erythema nodosum should be directed to the underlying associated condition, which could be tuberculosis, inflammatory bowel disease, or drug related.
Cloning and expression of genes coding for protein kinase CK2 alpha and beta subunits in zebrafish (Danio rerio). (1994)

cDNA clones coding for the alpha and beta subunits of protein kinase 2 (CK2) in zebrafish (Danio rerio) have been isolated. Sequencing of the cDNA clones has demonstrated that one contains the complete coding sequence for the beta subunit of CK2 while the alpha clone is truncated and lacks 183 nucleotides of the 5' coding region. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences shows an extremely high degree of evolutionary sequence conservation of these two proteins. Northern analysis of the mRNAs coding for the alpha subunit indicates that this messenger is present in 1 h embryos as a 3.6 Kb and a 1.9 Kb species, both of which decrease in 24-h embryos. In the case of beta, the major mRNA species of approximately 1.7 Kb maintains its level during the period of embryogenesis studied. In situ hybridization of early embryos, using antisense RNAs against alpha and beta mRNAs demonstrates temporal and tissue specific expression patterns. The alpha mRNA decreases after blastula, when it is evenly distributed. The beta mRNA is maintained at high levels between 4 and 24 h of development, showing in 18 h embryos a higher concentration in the developing neural tube and in the embryonic optic and otic vesicles.
Application of wearable inertial sensors in stroke rehabilitation (2005)

We introduce a human arm movement tracking system that has been developed to aid the rehabilitation of stroke patients. A wearable 3-axis inertial sensor is used to capture arm movements in 3-D space and in real time. The tracking algorithm is based on a kinematical model that considers the upper and lower forearm. To improve accuracy and consistency, a weighted least square filtering strategy is adopted. The calculated motion trajectory was compared with that measured using a commerically available Qualysis tracking system. For 3D cyclical rotation, the mean wrist position error was 2.45 cm without filtering and 1.79 cm after the filtering alogorithm was applied. The experimental results demonstrate the favorable performance of the proposed framework in estimation of upper limb motion in stroke rehabilitation.
Effect of Muscular Exercise on Insulin Secretion (1968)

Studies were carried out to define the possible role of insulin in the increased assimilation of glucose caused by exercise. First, plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) response in conventional intravenous glucose tolerance tests was measured in normal subjects at rest and during or immediately after ergometer exercise. In all cases the glucose disappearance rate (K value) was increased by exercise but the plasma IRI level assayed at two minutes after glucose showed no constant change from corresponding values at rest. Secondly, the insulin secretion rate was assessed by giving I-131-labeled insulin as a constant-rate infusion and measuring the plasma IRI specific activity. In the fasting state the insulin secretion rate varied from 0.7 to 6.0 mU. per min., and was highest in obese subjects. Increase of blood glucose level to 130-150 mg. per 100 ml. with a constant-rate glucose infusion doubled the insulin secretion rate. In subjects with a normal working capacity moderate exercise of thirteen to twenty minutes' duration did not significantly change the secretion rate whether the muscular work occurred in the fasting state or with glucose infusion. On the contrary, in all subjects with a reduced performance due to coronary heart disease the insulin secretion rate was strikingly increased by exercise and the plasma IRI level rose. It is concluded that immunoreactive insulin is not the mediator of accelerated glucose metabolism caused by muscular work but that hypoxia of islet tissue may be a stimulus to insulin release.
Automatic Business Card Scanning with a Camera (2006)

In this paper, we present a system to automatically extract, rectify and enhance business card images. First the business card image patch is automatically segmented by minimizing a novel local-global variational energy. Second a quadrangle is fitted to the segmented image patch. With the four corner points of the quadrangle, we then estimate the physical aspect ratio of the business card and obtain a homography to rectify the quadrangle back to rectangular shape. We finally enhance the contrast of the rectified business card image using a S-shaped curve. Extensive experiments demonstrated the efficacy and robustness of our system.
STaRT-RWE: structured template for planning and reporting on the implementation of real world evidence studies (2021)

Previous research has provided evidence that in the last decade, investing according to screening based on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria would have allowed investors to considerably improve the ESG quality of their portfolio without deterioration of its financial performance. However, a drawback of such a screening process is that it may generate undesirable regional, sectoral, and risk factor exposures. In this article, the authors propose an investment strategy that maximizes the ESG quality of the portfolio while maintaining regional, sectoral, and risk factor exposures within stated limits. They provide evidence that such a portfolio would have produced risk-adjusted performance at least as high as the standard MSCI benchmark for a wide range of ESG criteria and regions over the 2007–2018 investment period. <b>TOPICS:</b>ESG investing, analysis of individual factors/risk premia, risk management, performance measurement <b>Key Findings</b> ▪ The authors show that improving the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) score of a portfolio through screening can generate undesirable regional, sectoral, and risk factor exposures. ▪ They describe an investment strategy that maximizes the ESG quality of the portfolio while maintaining regional, sectoral, and risk factor exposures within stated limits. ▪ Such a strategy would have produced a risk-adjusted performance at least as high as the standard benchmark for a wide range of ESG criteria and regions over the 2007–2018 investment period.
Lineage-Specific Differences and Regulatory Networks Governing Human Chondrocyte Development (2022)

Abstract To address large gaps in our understanding of the molecular regulation of articular and growth plate cartilage development in humans, we used our directed differentiation approach to generate these distinct cartilage tissues from human embryonic stem cells. The resulting transcriptomic profiles of hESC-derived articular and growth plate chondrocytes were similar to fetal epiphyseal and growth plate chondrocytes, with respect to genes both known and previously unknown to cartilage biology. With the goal to characterize the regulatory landscapes accompanying these respective transcriptomes, we mapped chromatin accessibility in hESC-derived chondrocyte lineages, and mouse embryonic chondrocytes, using ATAC-sequencing. Integration of the expression dataset with the differentially accessible genomic regions revealed lineage-specific gene regulatory networks. We validated functional interactions of two transcription factors (RUNX2 in growth plate chondrocytes and RELA in articular chondrocytes) with their predicted genomic targets. The maps we provide thus represent a framework for probing regulatory interactions governing chondrocyte differentiation. This work constitutes a substantial step towards comprehensive and comparative molecular characterizations of distinct chondrogenic lineages, and sheds new light on human cartilage development and biology.
Acoustic characterization of composite cure (1986)

The relationship between the time evolution of ultrasonic longitudinal velocities, measured in the course of the cure of 3501-6 neat and fiber-reinforced resin, and the time evolution of the degree of cure was studied. The resin samples were placed in a mold, one side of which was a graphite plate, while the rest was made of stainless steel. After placing the mold in a press and applying a single-cycle 5-MHz pulse to the transducer bonded to the outer side of the graphite plate, the echo resulting from the resin-graphite interface and the subsequent echoes from within the resin layer were recorded with a 200-MHz, 8-bit digitizer. The degree of cure was calculated from the acoustic response, using the relationships derived by Winfree and Parker (1986). The calculated degree of cure had the expected time dependence, and the agreement between the degree of cure measured for the neat resin and the prepreg was reasonable.
Evaluation of surface roughness development of polyamide 6/poly(ethylene terephthalate) blend fibers through fiber diameter measurement using three types of optical equipment (2013)

We have reported recently that fibers with surface roughness can be produced through the melt spinning of polyamide 6 (PA6) blended with 20 wt% of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) if the extrusion temperature is lower than the melting temperature of PET. This technology is applicable for the production of fibers for artificial hair. Three kinds of optical equipment, including an optical microscope, were applied for the quantitative evaluation of the surface roughness of PA6/PET blend fibers. There was a good correlation between the roughness values evaluated using the edge-detection type diameter monitor (EDDM) and the back-illumination type diameter monitor (BIDM), even though resolution of the BIDM is lower than that of the EDDM. Through the on-line measurement of spin-line diameter performed at various positions along the spin-line using the BIDM, it was revealed that roughness developed with the increase of distance from the spinneret.
Silica-rich regenerated cellulose fibers enabled by delayed dissolution of silica nanoparticles in strong alkali using zinc oxide (2021)

Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) dissolve in alkaline media, which limits their use in certain applications. Here, we report a delayed dissolution of SNPs in strong alkali induced by zinc oxide (ZnO), an additive which also limits gelation of alkaline cellulose solutions. This allows incorporating high solid content of silica (30 wt%) in cellulose solutions with retention of their predominant viscous behavior long enough (ca. 180 min) to enable fiber wet spinning. We show that without addition of ZnO, silica dissolves completely, resulting in strong gelation of cellulose solutions that become unsuitable for wet spinning. With an increase of silica concentration, gelation of the solutions occurs faster. Employing ZnO, silica-rich regenerated cellulose fibers were successfully spun, possessing uniform cross sections and smooth surface structure without defects. These findings are useful in advancing the development of functional man-made cellulose fibers with incorporated silica, e.g., fibers with flame retardant or self-cleaning properties.