gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deep X-ray and UV lithographies for micromechanics (1990)

A bilevel photoresist system which uses optical processing only is presented. The photoresist for this work is poly(methyl methacrylate) or PMMA. It is sensitive to X-ray photons and deep ultraviolet radiation. It can be used for spin coating or can be applied by casting and in situ polymerization. This implies that there are at least four possible versions of the deep lithography process. All of them hinge on the availability of a developer with very high selectivity and low stress formation during liquid processing. Deep X-ray and UV lithography (DUVL) results in PMMA definitions with excellent resolution for photoresist thicknesses of up to 10 mu m. It can be extended to 30 mu m or so by a simple process change. The progress reported indicates that DUVL is a viable tool for micromechanics which is accessible without synchrotron access. This process can be used with many metals which can be plated and therefore extends the micromechanics material base considerably.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Caractérisation spectroscopique d'un plasma de CH4+CO2 obtenupar décharge à barrière diélectrique (1994)

International audience
Increasing Compliance with a New Interunit Handoff Process: A Quality Improvement Project (2019)

User input and on-the-job coaching resulted in iteratively increasing frontline compliance with a new standardized handoff process.
Implementation and evaluation of multihop ARQ for reliable communications in underwater acoustic networks (2009)

Underwater acoustic networking is an emerging technology platform for oceanographic data collection, pollution monitoring, offshore exploration and tactical surveillance applications. Design of reliable and efficient communications protocols is challenging due to the unique characteristics of underwater acoustic channels. In this paper, we present a modular and lightweight implementation of an opportunistic multihop automatic repeat request (ARQ) scheme in a real system. We evaluate the performance of the opportunistic ARQ using inexpensive underwater acoustic modems in a shallow underwater environment.
Characterization of Synthetic Diamond Thin Films (1990)

High‐pressure, microwave plasma‐assisted chemical vapor deposition is employed to deposit diamond thin films, using a gas mixture of methane and hydrogen on single‐crystal silicon substrates. The deposition rate is approximately 1 micron/h. As‐deposited diamond thin films on a silicon substrate and free‐standing diamond thin films are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and x‐ray diffraction. Thermal stability of free‐standing diamond thin films is studied in oxygen and argon ambient, separately, using thermogravimetric analysis. It is found that these films maintain integrity in oxygen up to 676°C.
Impact of non-Lorentzian laser phase noise on 𝝓-OTDR performance (2023)

We highlight the importance of the laser source phase noise in sensing applications and show that the standard Lorentzian linewidth criterion is not sufficient to characterize the performance of a sensing system. We then derive a laser linewidth related to the phase noise spectral region of interest, according to the length of the fiber to sense. This is illustrated in a setup based on coded interrogation and with two sensing dedicated laser sources.
Real-Time IP Flow Measurement Tool with Scalable Architecture (2004)

There is an emerging requirement for real-time flow-based traffic monitoring, which is vital to detecting and/or tracing DoS attacks as well as troubleshooting and traffic engineering in the ISP networks. We propose the architecture for a scalable real-time flow measurement tool in order to allow operators to flexibly define "the targeted flows" on-demand, to obtain various statistics on those flows, and to visualize them in a real-time manner. A traffic distribution device and multiple traffic capture devices processing packets in parallel are included in the architecture, in which the former device copies traffic and distributes it to the latter devices. We evaluate the performance of a proto-type implementation on PC-UNIX in testbed experiments to demonstrate the scalability of our architecture. The evaluation shows that the performance increases in proportion to the number of the capture devices and the maximum performance reaches 80 K pps with six capture devices. Finally we also show applications of our tool, which indicate the advantage of flexible fine-grained flow measurements.
25.4: Six‐Primary‐Color 23‐ in WXGA LCD using Six‐Color LEDs (2005)

Abstract The authors have successfully developed a six‐primary — color LCD using six‐color LEDs. More specifically, a prototype of a six‐primary color LCD having a color gamut of 170% or wider than that of conventional techniques has been realized. This research was organized in part by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Japan (NEDO).
Personnel within the London book trades: evidence from the Stationers’ Company (2009)

The archives of the Stationers' Company provide our richest source of biographical material for members of the London book trades. The eighteenth century and the first decades of the nineteenth saw a growth in the membership of the Company, an improvement in the record keeping and a wider range of information being recorded. Moreover, during this period the Company remained predominantly tied to the members of the book trade when other City companies were relaxing their guild connections. The English Stock was a joint trading company operated from within the Stationers' Company itself. There is a large area of the records where the information will lead to a fuller understanding of the sociology of the Company and the London trade. These relate to the paying of pensions and giving of charity to the less financially successful members of the Company.
Dynamic treatment selection and modification for personalised blood pressure therapy using a Markov decision process model: a cost-effectiveness analysis (2017)

An MDP-based approach can aid decision-making by incorporating meta-analytic evidence to personalise blood pressure treatment and improve overall population health compared with current blood pressure treatment guidelines.
W-8 Acoustic Casing Treatment Test Overview (2017)

During February 2017, aerodynamic and acoustic testing was performed on a scale-model high bypass ratio turbofan rotor, R4, in an internal flow component test facility. An overview of the testing completed is presented.
Pleiotrophin exhibits a trophic effect on survival of dopaminergic neurons in vitro (2003)

To understand what kind of trophic factors are up-regulated in dopamine (DA)-depleted striatum, we first analysed the up-regulation of mRNAs using a DNA microarray in DA-depleted striatum where DAergic inputs were denervated by 6-OHDA. We then investigated whether or not such trophic factors had an effect on cultured dopaminergic neurons. The microarray analysis revealed that pleiotrophin (PTN), glial-derived neurotopic factor (GDNF) and others were up-regulated in DA-depleted striatum. As PTN has been reported to have a wide range of trophic effects on neurons, we focused on the functional role of PTN in the present study. The increase in PTN mRNA was confirmed by Northern blotting at 1-3 weeks after the lesion, reaching a peak at 1 week. In embryonic day 15 mesencephalic neuron culture, PTN increased the number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) -positive neurons in a dose-dependent manner (125.2 +/- 2.0% of the control at 50 ng/mL), while a family protein, midkine (10 ng/mL) did not show any trophic effect (99.3 +/- 0.7%). In addition, the PTN effect on DAergic neurons was additive to the GDNF effect. As PTN did not increase the number of microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP 2)-positive neurons or promote the proliferation of dopaminergic progenitors in a bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labelling study, the effect appeared to enhance the specific survival of dopaminergic neurons. Expression of PTN receptors (syndecan-3, PTP-zeta) was detected on the cultured mesencephalic neurons, and also up-regulated in DA-depleted striatum. The data indicate that PTN is up-regulated in DA-depleted striatum and exhibits a trophic effect specifically on the survival of cultured dopaminergic neurons.
Triterpene Phytoalexins from Strawberry Fruit (2000)

Strawberry cv. Houkouwase is resistant to infection by Colletotrichum fragariae. The formation of antifungal compounds was observed in unripe fruit which had been wounded and inoculated with conidia of C. musae. Three antifungal compounds were isolated and identified as euscaphic acid, tormentic acid and myrianthic acid. Myrianthic acid inhibited the growth of C. musae at 3 microg, and euscaphic and tormentic acids showed inhibitory effects at 100 microg. A quantitative analysis of their contents showed that the triterpenes increased in wounded fruit, and in wounded and inoculated fruit, but not in non-treated fruit. These findings indicate that unripe fruit of Houkouwase produced the triterpenes as phytoalexins. The triterpene phytoalexins seem to be involved in the resistance of strawberry to the fungus.
Upsets related to spacecraft charging (1996)

The charging of spacecraft components by high energy radiation can result in spontaneous pulsed discharges. The pulses can interrupt normal operations of spacecraft electronics. The 20-year history of ground studies and spacecraft studies of this phenomenon are reviewed. The data from space are not sufficient to unambiguously point to a few specific solutions. The ground based data continue to find more problem areas the longer one looks. As spacecraft become more complex and carry less radiation shielding, the charging and discharging of insulators is becoming a more critical problem area. Ground experiments indicate that solutions for spacecraft are multiple and diverse, and many technical details are reviewed or introduced here.
Abstract LB-469: An Epstein-Barr virus-encoded microRNA miR-BART5 upregulates human cellular microRNA miR-146a and downregulates IRAK1/NFκB in stomach cancer cells (2012)

Abstract Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) contributes to the development of the specific subsets of stomach cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer and malignant lymphoma etc. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the regulation of various pathobiological processes in cancer. Recently, EBV-encoded viral miRNAs have been disclosed, whereas the functions of which remain largely unknown. A notable example of this is the human miRNA, which is targeted by viral miRNA. In this study, we investigated EBV-encoded viral miRNA miR-BART5/human cellular target interaction. The EBV miR-BART5 in EBV-infected stomach cancer cell line SNU719 was highly expressed comparing with that in EBV-infected lymphoma cell lines, Raji and Jijoye. In addition, EBV-infected stomach cancer cell revealed high level of human cellular miR-146a comparing with EBV-negative stomach cancer cells SNU601 and SNU216. Either miR-BART5 inhibitor product (anti-miR-BART5) or miR-BART5 precursor product (pre-miR-BART5) was transfected into EBV-infected stomach cancer cell, or EBV-negative stomach cancer cell, respectively. As a result, the expression of human cellular miR-146a was decreased in EBV-infected stomach cancer cell transfected with anti-miR-BART5 comparing with that in its original cell, while miR-146a was increased in EBV-negative stomach cancer cell transfected with pre-miR-BART5. As a predicted target of miR-146a, based on predicted base pairing using miRBase online program, we focused on interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1). Once EBV-negative stomach cancer cell was transfected with pre-miR-BART5, IRAK1 protein level was reduced by 50%, and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) (p65) was decreased. To check miR-BART5 influences on cellular biologic properties, when pre-miR-BARF5 was transfected into EBV-negative stomach cancer cell, invasion capacity of cancer cell was suppressed with a statistical significance. In conclusion, miR-BART5 could inhibit invasion of stomach cancer cell, which is in part due to the upregulation of miR-146a and downregulation of IRAK-1/ NF-κB signal pathway, offering clinicopathologic entity with a better prognosis to EBV-infected stomach cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-469. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-469
Considerations for the Development of a Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) Model Oriented to the Maintenance Work Safety (2019)

Within the field of the Industrial Technology, maintenance of facilities and equipment is considered a key issue for the productive activity, although throughout history, engineering research efforts have been oriented mostly toward design than the maintenance of the facilities. From this point of view, an important effort has been made, especially in the last two decades, to improve safety aspects related to Industrial Maintenance, from two standpoints: on one hand, maintenance guarantees a safer operation activity, and in the other hand, the accident rate in maintenance activity had to be minimized. It is commonly accepted in specialized literature that Human Error may be at the origin of around 70% of industrial accidents, and this generates a special interest in the Human Error Analysis. Certainly Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) Techniques are not anything new, we can say that since early eighties of the 20th century, a lot of methods and models have been developed, many of them with a general character, but very focused on specific fields, such as nuclear or aeronautical industry, it is mainly due to the fact that accidents in these sectors could potentially have severe consequences. The main purpose of this paper is to establish basis for a farther development of a Human Reliability Analysis Model for industrial maintenance. This works has a cross-sectoral approach, including different fields and activities, whose object is to minimize accident risks and incidents in their earliest phase. For this, an exhaustive review of the available models of Human Reliability Analysis Models in the specialized literature from the two generations developed to date has been carried out, those models has been classified according to their characteristics and their usefulness, in order to detect which aspects are appropriate to the maintenance activity. The aim is to proceed towards a generalized Human Reliability Analysis model that can be used for the evaluation of maintenance work through a wide range of activities.
Increase in Sensitivity to Soluble CD4 by Primary HIV Type 1 Isolates after Passage through C8166 Cells: Association with Sequence Differences in the First Constant (C1) Region of Glycoprotein 120 (1995)

Primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were obtained by coculture of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from HIV-1-infected people with PBLs from uninfected donors. These viral stocks tend to be resistant to neutralization/inactivation by soluble CD4 (sCD4). When these stocks were passed through the T cell line C8166, virus stocks emerged that were sensitive to sCD4. Pre- and post-C8166 stocks maintained their sCD4-resistant and -sensitive phenotypes, respectively, with further passage in PBLs. Pre- and post-C8166 stocks were biologically cloned by two cycles of limiting dilution. The majority (14 of 17) of pre-C8166 clones were sCD4 resistant, and, conversely, the majority of post-C8166 clones (11 of 12) were sensitive to sCD4. Nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence analysis in the env (gp120) region revealed a limited number of differences between the clones. The only differences that sorted with biological phenotype were in the first constant (C1) region of gp120. Adaptation to growth in C8166 cells and conversion from the sCD4-resistant to the sCD4-sensitive phenotype represent the emergence to prominence of viral species in the pre-C8166 stock that have a replication advantage in C8166 coincident with increased sensitivity to sCD4.
Pathway Palette: A rich internet application for peptide‐, protein‐ and network‐oriented analysis of MS data (2010)

Recent improvements in proteomic technologies have collectively yielded data sets that far exceed the capabilities of typical low-throughput interpretation strategies. Unfortunately, tools designed to leverage the "peptide-centric" content of MS-based proteomics lag the current rate of data production. Here, we describe Pathway Palette (http://blaispathways.dfci.harvard.edu), a freely accessible internet application that enables researchers to easily transition from peptides to biological pathways, while simultaneously retaining the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the underlying MS data.
Multiple breath washout: A noninvasive tool for identifying lung disease in symptomatic military deployers (2020)

This study demonstrates the utility of MBW in evaluating exposure-related airways disease in symptomatic military personnel following deployment to austere environments, and is the first to link exposure to explosive blasts to measurable small airways injury.
ChemInform Abstract: Effective Coordination of Electron‐Donating Sidearms of Double‐Armed 15‐Crown‐5 Ethers Toward Alkali Metal Cations. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Electron microscopy of monomolecular films* (1975)

SUMMARY Calcium stearate monomolecular films were examined by electron microscopy using replica techniques. The effects of two evaporants, palladium and platinum, on the structure of Langmuir‐Blodgett monolayers and multilayers were investigated. The fine structure appears to be altered unless precautions are taken to minimize the radiation heat transfer during the shadow‐casting procedure. The structural features of deposited monolayers are also influenced by the underlying solid substrate.
Multi-year incubation experiments boost confidence in model projections of long-term soil carbon dynamics (2021)

Earth and Space Science Open Archive Presented WorkOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]Multi-year incubation experiments boost confidence in model projections of long-term soil carbon dynamicsAuthorsJianweiLiiDSiyangJianGangshengWangiDLaurelKluberChristopherSchadtJunyiLiangMelanieMayesiDSee all authors Jianwei LiiDCorresponding AuthorTennessee State UniversityiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0429-3627view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressSiyang JianTennessee State Universityview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressGangsheng WangiDUniversity of OklahomaiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8117-5034view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressLaurel KluberOak Ridge National Laboratoryview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressChristopher SchadtOak Ridge National Laboratoryview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressJunyi LiangCollege of Grassland Science and Technologyview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressMelanie MayesiDORNLiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6368-9210view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email address
Beta secretase 1-dependent amyloid precursor protein processing promotes excessive vascular sprouting through NOTCH3 signaling (2019)

Abstract Amyloid beta peptides (Aβ) proteins play a key role in vascular pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) including impairment of the blood brain barrier and aberrant angiogenesis. Although previous work has demonstrated a pro-angiogenic role of Aβ, the exact mechanisms by which amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and endothelial angiogenic signalling cascades interact in AD remain a largely unsolved problem. Here, we report that increased endothelial sprouting in human-APP transgenic mouse (TgCRND8) tissue is dependent on β-secretase (BACE1) processing of APP. Higher levels of Aβ processing in TgCRND8 tissue coincides with decreased NOTCH3/JAG1 signalling, over-production of endothelial filopodia and increased numbers of vascular pericytes. Using a novel in vitro approach to study sprouting angiogenesis in TgCRND8 organotypic brain slice cultures (OBSCs), we find that BACE1 inhibition normalises excessive endothelial filopodia formation and restores NOTCH3 signalling. These data present the first evidence for the potential of BACE1 inhibition as an effective therapeutic target for aberrant angiogenesis in AD. Significance In this study, we show that targeting amyloid beta processing provides an opportunity to selectively target tip cell filopodia-driven angiogenesis and develop therapeutic targets for vascular dysfunction related to aberrant angiogenesis in AD. Our data provide the first evidence for a safe level of BACE1 inhibition that can normalize excess angiogenesis in AD, without inducing vascular deficits in healthy tissue. Our findings may pave the way for the development of new angiogenesis dependent therapeutic strategies in Alzheimer’s Disease.
Estimation of atmospheric particle formation rates through an analytical formula: validation and application in Hyytiälä and Puijo, Finland (2017)

Abstract. The formation rates of 3 nm particles were estimated at SMEAR IV, Puijo (Finland), where the continuous measurements extend only down to 7 nm in diameter. We extrapolated the formation rates at 7 nm (J7) down to 3 nm (J3) based on an approximate solution to the aerosol general dynamic equation, assuming a constant condensational growth rate, a power-law size-dependent scavenging rate, and negligible self-coagulation rate for the nucleation mode particles. To evaluate our method, we first applied it to new particle formation (NPF) events in Hyytiälä (Finland), which extend down to 3 nm, and, therefore, J3 and J7 can be determined directly from the measured size distribution evolution. The Hyytiälä results show that the estimated daily mean J3 values slightly overestimate the observed mean J3, but a promising 91 % of the estimated J3 values are within a factor of 2 from the measured ones. However, when considering detailed daily time evolution, the agreement is not as good due to fluctuations in data as well as uncertainties in estimated growth rates, which are required in order to calculate the time lag between formation of 3 and 7 nm particles. At Puijo, the mean J7 for clear NPF days during April 2007–December 2015 was 0.44 cm−3 s−1, while the extrapolated mean J3 was 0.61 cm−3 s−1.
Alterations of the p14ARF-p53-MDM2 pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma: MDM2 overexpression is a common event (2005)

The majority of global incidences of oral cancer occur in Asia, and the aetiology of oral cancer is different in Asia as it is in the West. However, whereas there is a growing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of oral cancer progression in the West, there is little progress in this understanding in Asia. In particular, the role of the p53 pathway in modulating cancer progression in Asian oral cancer remains unclear. In this study, we micro-dissected and analysed 20 well-differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma specimens for alterations in the p53 pathway. We found that 6/20 samples contained mutations in the p53 gene which occurred in three hotspots, at codon 203, 218 and 296. Furthermore, 6/20 samples had a homozygous deletion of p14ARF, but notably p14ARF deletion and p53 mutation events were often independent and mutually exclusive. Strikingly, MDM2 was upregulated in 20/20 samples, but not in 3/3 normal tissue specimens. Taken together, these data suggest that inactivation of the p53 pathway is a frequent event in oral squamous cell carcinoma, which occurs by an aberration in one of a number of players in the p53 pathway.