gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mining time-changing data streams (2001)

Most statistical and machine-learning algorithms assume that the data is a random sample drawn from a stationary distribution. Unfortunately, most of the large databases available for mining today violate this assumption. They were gathered over months or years, and the underlying processes generating them changed during this time, sometimes radically. Although a number of algorithms have been proposed for learning time-changing concepts, they generally do not scale well to very large databases. In this paper we propose an efficient algorithm for mining decision trees from continuously-changing data streams, based on the ultra-fast VFDT decision tree learner. This algorithm, called CVFDT, stays current while making the most of old data by growing an alternative subtree whenever an old one becomes questionable, and replacing the old with the new when the new becomes more accurate. CVFDT learns a model which is similar in accuracy to the one that would be learned by reapplying VFDT to a moving window of examples every time a new example arrives, but with O(1) complexity per example, as opposed to O(w), where w is the size of the window. Experiments on a set of large time-changing data streams demonstrate the utility of this approach.
Contact Analysis of Tooth Surface in Gear Meshing Based on Infrared Ray Imagery (2013)

Improving accuracy ofthe gear tooth surface has become an important challenge, because the toothsurface accuracy greatly influences vibration of gears. However, for the spiralbevel gear, the tooth surface accuracy is considered to be very difficult toevaluate because the geometrical theory is difficult. Generally, the managementof tooth surface accuracy has conventionally been substituted by the toothsurface contact evaluation with red lead, which is a kind of paint. However,the results of visual examinations are too subjective. We therefore focused onthe infrared ray imagery to investigate the gear tooth meshing. In this research,a high response infrared thermography was used to estimate the tooth contact ofa hypoid gear under running conditions. Specifically, we looked at the increasein temperature on the tooth surface caused by gear meshing. The results clearlyshowed that the temperature was affected by load, sliding speed between toothsurfaces, and the average peripheral speed of tooth surface. We also proposedan equation that predicts tooth surface temperature rise and showed its utility.Thus, the proposed method effectively evaluates the tooth surface accuracy ofhypoid gear.
Apparent Ploidy Effects on Silencing Are Post-Transcriptional at HML and Telomeres in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2012)

The repression of genes in regions of heterochromatin is known as transcriptional silencing. It occurs in a wide range of organisms and can have importance in adaptation to the environment, developmental changes and disease. The model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used for many years to study transcriptional silencing, but until recently no study has been made in relation to ploidy. The aim of this work was to compare transcriptional silencing in haploids and diploids at both telomeres and the hidden mating-type (HM) loci. Transcriptional silencing was assayed, by growth on 5-fluoroorotic acid (5-FOA) media or by flow cytometry, on strains where a telomere or HM locus was marked. RNA levels were measured by quantitative RT-PCR to confirm that effects were transcriptional. 5-FOA assays and flow cytometry were consistent with transcriptional silencing at telomeres and at HML being reduced as ploidy increases which agreed with conclusions in previous publications. However, QRT-PCR revealed that transcriptional silencing was unaffected by ploidy and thus protein levels were increasing independently of RNA levels. At telomere XI left (XI-L), changes in protein level were strongly influenced by mating-type, whereas at HML mating-type had much less influence. The post-transcriptional effects seen in this study, illustrate the often ignored need to measure RNA levels when assaying transcriptional silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin is an Inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2–Priming Protease TMPRSS2 (2021)

Background: Host proteases have been suggested to be crucial for dissemination of MERS, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 coronaviruses, but the relative contribution of membrane versus intracellular proteases remains controversial. Transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) is regarded as one of the main proteases implicated in the coronavirus S protein priming, an important step for binding of the S protein to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor before cell entry. Methods: We developed a cell-based assay to identify TMPRSS2 inhibitors. Inhibitory activity was established in SARS-CoV-2 viral load systems. Results: We identified the human extracellular serine protease inhibitor (serpin) alpha 1 antitrypsin (A1AT) as a novel TMPRSS2 inhibitor. Structural modeling revealed that A1AT docked to an extracellular domain of TMPRSS2 in a conformation that is suitable for catalysis, resembling similar serine protease inhibitor complexes. Inhibitory activity of A1AT was established in a SARS-CoV-2 viral load system. Notably, plasma A1AT levels were associated with COVID-19 disease severity. Conclusions: Our data support the key role of extracellular serine proteases in SARS CoV-2 infections and indicate that treatment with serpins, particularly the FDA-approved drug A1AT, may be effective in limiting SARS-CoV-2 dissemination by affecting the surface of the host cells.
A Criterion for Conversion of Summations to Integrations in Structural Acoustics (2004)

An analytical formulation of a transfer function pertaining to a simple structural model is used to examine this criterion. The model consists of a coated plate immersed in fluid media on either side. The first fluid interfaces the coating atop and is semi-infinite in extent. The second fluid interfaces the bottom of the plate and terminates at a baffle that defines a reflection coefficient. An external drive is placed on a plane that lies in the fluid between the plate and the baffle. Focus is centered on the transfer function of a spectral component in the external drive to a spectral component on the inter-face with the top fluid. The presence of the baffle generates, in this transfer function, resonances and anti-resonances. These are discernible in those regions of the frequency domain in which the modal overlap parameters are less than unity. In those regions of the frequency domain in which the modal overlap parameters exceed unity the resonances and the anti-resonances merge onto values that are conditioned by the absence of the cavity. It transpires that converting a summation to an integration is tantamount to merging artificially the resonances and the anti-resonances also in those regions in which the modal overlap parameters are less than unity. The merging, again, are onto values that are conditioned by the absence of the cavity.
Development of novel AlN filler for high thermal conductivity packaging material (2018)

Nove l large particle size and round shaped AlN filler were developed by carbo-thermal-reduction and nitridation (CRN) method. They were suitable as high thermal conductivity filler for resin composite. Thermal conductivity of epoxy resin filled with the AlN filler could reach to 12W/m K. And also, fluidity of epoxy resin filled with developed novel AlN filler was improved with optimal blending ratio of the filler. The properties and evaluation of developed novel AlN filler for high thermal conductivity packaging material are discussed.
Uptake of indium-111-anti-intercellular adhesion molecule-1 monoclonal antibody in the allografted rat lung during acute rejection. (1996)

We conclude that indium-111-anti-intercellular adhesion molecule-1 monoclonal antibody increased during mild to moderate acute lung rejection. An abnormal scintigram with this radiotracer suggests that lung biopsy should be performed to exclude lung rejection.
Effect of Cationic Cyclopeptides on Transdermal and Transmembrane Delivery of Insulin (2013)

Poor permeability of stratum corneum limits the transportation of insulin across the skin. A transdermal peptide has exhibited enhancement activity on insulin transdermal delivery. A series of cationic cyclopeptides based on the sequence of TD-1 (ACSSSPSKHCG) were designed by the partial arginine or lysine scan method. Among these peptides, TD-34 (ACSSKKSKHCG) with bis-substituted lysine in N-5 and N-6 showed the best transdermal enhancement activity, with the blood glucose level lowered to about 26% of initial after administrating 2.1 IU insulin with 0.5 μmol of TD-34 in 100 μL of saline for 8 h to diabetic rats in vivo. In addition, the transmembrane permeability in Caco-2 cell monolayers (BL→AP) exhibited preferable correlation with percutaneous absorption of insulin (R(2) = 0.73). It can be concluded that the appropriate content and position of cationic group in cyclopeptides may improve percutaneous absorption and transmembrane ability of insulin, and Caco-2 cell monolayers (BL→AP) might be applied to predict the percutaneous absorption of insulin chaperoned by a transdermal peptide in vivo.
Redefining Internal PR? Theoretical Remarks and Empirical Results of a New Interview Survey on the Organisational Role and Function of Strategic Internal Communication in the Age of Internal Social Media (2013)

To remain competitive in a more and more interactive world, organisations need to align their actions with new social developments. The main role of Public Relations (PR) is to seek legitimacy to act not only to external stakeholders of an organisation, but also to the internal ones. Social media are a key accelerator of this process. With the Web 2.0 becoming quite rapidly established, more and more passive recipients grow into actively producing participants in, according to the theory of Giddens (1984, p. 25), “a structure that is constantly reproduced and changed through the interaction of its users”. Therefore, the literature on internal communication also reflects this issue more and more. However, all these references are basically tool oriented and do not ask about the impact that new media developments will have, especially in the case of full “Enterprise Social Networks” (ESN) for companies and regarding their function for internal PR. Hence, the social intranets mentioned are one of the main drivers to make organisations innovative, flexible and therefore successful in the fast changing modern world. This also means that internal PR has to become a strategy in itself and its roles and functions, as well as principles, will need to be rethought. This paper proposal presents the precondition for redefining internal PR in this way and focuses on the results of an empirical heuristic study with nearly 700 interviewees from German companies on these issues among communication professionals as well as among general management responsibles.
v-Src enhances phosphorylation at Ser-282 of the Rous sarcoma virus integrase (1992)

The Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) integrase (IN) and the beta polypeptide (beta) of the reverse transcriptase are posttranslationally modified by phosphorylation on Ser at amino acid position 282 of IN. When IN was immunoprecipitated from RSV (Prague A strain) virions, approximately 30 to 40% of the IN molecules were phosphorylated. When IN was immunoprecipitated from a v-src deletion mutant (delta Mst-A) of RSV or from avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV), the percentage of IN molecules that were phosphorylated was significantly reduced. This reduction in phosphorylation of IN between virions was verified by [35S]Met-[35S]Cys or 32P labeling of IN, followed by immunoprecipitation analysis using antisera directed to the amino or carboxyl terminus of IN. In delta Mst-A or AMV, a nonphosphorylated, slightly truncated (at the carboxyl terminus) polypeptide was the major species of IN. The enhanced phosphorylation of IN does not appear to be a general function of transformed cells, since enhanced phosphorylation was not detected in AMV derived from viremic chickens or from a v-src deletion mutant of RSV propagated in a chemically transformed quail cell line, QT6. From these data, we conclude that v-Src is necessary for efficient phosphorylation of IN and beta.
Designing attractive models via automated identification of chaotic and oscillatory dynamical regimes (2011)

Chaos and oscillations continue to capture the interest of both the scientific and public domains. Yet despite the importance of these qualitative features, most attempts at constructing mathematical models of such phenomena have taken an indirect, quantitative approach, for example, by fitting models to a finite number of data points. Here we develop a qualitative inference framework that allows us to both reverse-engineer and design systems exhibiting these and other dynamical behaviours by directly specifying the desired characteristics of the underlying dynamical attractor. This change in perspective from quantitative to qualitative dynamics, provides fundamental and new insights into the properties of dynamical systems.
The merits of open bath immersion cooling of datacom equipment (2010)

This paper discusses the economic and environmental merits of passive 2-phase immersion in semi-open baths of dielectric fluid for cooling datacom equipment such as servers. The technique eliminates the need for hermetic connectors, pressure vessels, seals and clamshells typically associated with immersion cooling and the connectors, plumping, pumps and cold plates associated with more traditional liquid cooling techniques. A board level power density of 11.7W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> can be sustained with 100 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> of fluid per kW. The modular 80 kW baths modeled can eject 130 kW per m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of floor space via water-cooled condensers. It is estimated that 28°C water at 15 gpm could maintain average CPU junction temperatures, T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j</sub> <;60°C and 62°C water at 30 gpm could maintain T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j</sub> <;85°C, maximizing the availability of the heat for other purposes. Alternatively, the heat can be transferred directly to ambient air without water as an intermediate. The costs and greenhouse gas emissions associated with conservative annual fluid emission estimates are found to be less than those associated with the electrical power required for traditional chassis fans and liquid pumps. Since these fugitive losses occur at one point, more efficient capture techniques can be easily applied.
Adaptive Bayesian Channel Gain Cartography (2018)

Channel gain cartography relies on sensor measurements to construct maps providing the attenuation profile between arbitrary transmitter-receiver locations. Existing approaches capitalize on tomographic models, where shadowing is the weighted integral of a spatial loss field (SLF) depending on the propagation environment. Currently, the SLF is learned via regularization methods tailored to the propagation environment. However, the effectiveness of existing approaches remains unclear especially when the propagation environment involves heterogeneous characteristics. To cope with this, the present work considers a piecewise homogeneous SLF with a hidden Markov random field (MRF) model under the Bayesian framework. Efficient field estimators are obtained by using samples from Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). Furthermore, an uncertainty sampling algorithm is developed to adaptively collect measurements. Real data tests demonstrate the capabilities of the novel approach.
A comprehensive solution to the linear deconvolution problem (1981)

Linear inverse theory is used to deconvolve a data set when the blurring function or source wavelet is (approximately) known. Rather than attempting to find one of infinitely many models which fits the data this paper uses the methods of Backus & Gilbert to generate localized averages of the model which are unique except for a statistical uncertainty caused by errors in the data. The averages, their statistical error and the associated averaging window completely codify our knowledge about the model. Averages with lower standard deviations can be had by sacrificing resolution and the investigator is free to choose those results which are most meaningful. Moreover, this method is optimum in the sense that no other averaging window can be constructed which has greater resolving power and yet produces averages with the same statistical accuracy.
First Results Solving Arbitrarily Structured Maximum Independent Set Problems Using Quantum Annealing (2018)

Commercial quantum processing units (QPUs) such as those made by D-Wave Systems are being increasingly used for solving complex combinatorial optimization problems. In this paper, we review a canonical NP-hard problem, the Maximum Independent Set (MIS) problem. We show how to map MIS problems to quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problems, and use a D-Wave 2000Q QPU to solve them. We compare the results from the D-Wave system to classical algorithms such as simulated thermal annealing and the graphical networks package NetworkX. To our knowledge, these are the first results of experiments involving arbitrarily-structured MIS inputs using a D-Wave QPU. We find that the QPU can be used as a heuristic optimizer for randomly generated inputs, but due to physical control errors, can be outperformed by simulated thermal annealing.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of anti‐Homoallylic Alcohols and Monoprotected 1,2‐Diols Through InCl3‐Promoted Addition of Allylic Stannanes to Aldehydes. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Use of an Automatic System in the Preparation of Gas Mixtures for Multivariate Calibration: A Case Study Involving NIR Analysis of Natural Gas (2015)

This paper investigates the use of an automatic system for preparation of gas mixtures in a multivariate calibration problem involving near-infrared (NIR) spectrometric analysis of natural gas. The automatic system is used to prepare calibration mixtures according to a Brereton experimental design, in order to exploit a suitable range of gas concentrations and thus avoid extrapolations in the predictions. These mixtures were employed to build partial-least-squares models for NIR determination of methane, ethane and propane, which are the major components of natural gas. Prediction performance was evaluated by using a separate set of prepared mixtures and natural gas samples with composition analyzed by gas chromatography, as well as a group of certified mixtures. The resulting root-mean-square errors of prediction (RMSEP) values for methane, ethane and propane (3.0, 0.9 and 1.2% mol mol-1, respectively) were approximately 10 times smaller than the corresponding calibration ranges, with correlations of 0.91, 0.96 and 0.86 between the predicted and reference values.
Voice Conversion Using Speaker Adapted Restricted Boltzmann Machine (2014)

Voice conversion (VC) is a technique where only speaker-specific information in source speech is converted while keeping phonological information. The technique can be applied to various tasks such as speaker-identity conversion, emotion conversion and aid to speaking for people with articulation disorders. Most of the existing VC methods rely on parallel data—pairs of speech data from source and target speakers uttering the same articles. However, this approach involves several problems; firstly, the data used for the training is limited to the pre-defined articles. Secondly, the use of the trained model is limited only to the speaker pair used in the training. In this paper, we propose a novel probabilistic model called an adaptive restricted Boltzmann machine (ARBM) for VC between arbitrary speakers without use of parallel data. This model consists of a visible-unit and a hidden-unit layer with the speaker-dependent connection. In this paper, we report our experimental results of arbitrary-speaker VC using our model, an ARBM.
6‐Amino‐3‐Pyridinols: Towards Diffusion‐Controlled Chain‐Breaking Antioxidants (2003)

Das Einfügen von Stickstoff in Phenolringe führt zu Verbindungen mit sehr geringen phenolischen O-H-Dissoziationsenthalpien und damit zu hoher Reaktivität gegenüber Peroxylradikalen. Die Verbindungen sind jedoch an Luft recht stabil. Die 3-Pyridinole 1 und 2 sind sehr effektive Peroxylradikalfänger und kettenabbrechende Antioxidantien.
Reactions of Allyltrimethylsilane1,2 (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Allyltrimethylsilane1,2Leo H. Sommer, Leslie J. Tyler, and Frank C. WhitmoreCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 9, 2872–2874Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1948https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01189a010RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views474Altmetric-Citations82LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (387 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Lumen detection for capsule endoscopy (2008)

In this paper, two visual cues are proposed, to be exploited for the navigation of active endoscopic capsules within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. These cues consist of the detection and tracking of the lumen and of an illumination highlight in capsule endoscopy (CE) images. The proposed approach aims at developing vision algorithms which are robust with respect to the challenging imaging conditions encountered in the GI tract and the great variability of the acquired images. Cases where no or more than one lumens exists, are also detected. The proposed approach extends the state-of-the-art in lumen detection, and is demonstrated for in-vivo video sequences acquired from endoscopic capsules.