gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crystallization and amorphization studies on a Ge2Sb2Te5 thin film sample using a two-laser static tester (1999)

In phase-change (PC) optical data storage, information bits are recorded as amorphous marks on a crystalline film of GeSbTe alloy (hereinafter referred to as GST). This is achieved by raising the local temperature of the film above its melting point (approximately 600°C) using a high power laser pulse, and allowing the film to cool down rapidly to below its glass transition temperature. The crystalline-to-amorphous transition (or vice-versa) is accompanied by a large change in the optical constants of the GST material, which provides a mechanism for optical readout. Thus, crystallization, melting, and amorphization of thin GST films are of fundamental significance in PC optical recording technology. Several such studies have been undertaken in the past, using a single laser beam to both trigger the transformation and monitor its progress. In the present paper we describe the results obtained in a novel, two-laser static tester, which allows real-time monitoring of the crystallization/amorphization processes both during the laser pulse and in the cooling period following the pulse.
Towards the reverse engineering of renormalized relational databases (2002)

The paper describes a method to cope with denormalized relational schemas in a database reverse engineering process. We propose two main steps to improve the understanding of data semantics. Firstly we extract inclusion dependencies by analyzing the equi join queries embedded in application programs and by querying the database extension. Secondly we show how to discover only functional dependencies which influence the way attributes should be restructured. The method is interactive since an expert user has to validate the presumptions on the elicited dependencies. Moreover, a restructuring phase leads to a relational schema in third normal form provided with key constraints and referential integrity constraints. Finally, we sketch how an entity relationship schema can be derived from such information.
Reflective Waveguide Array Demultiplexer in LiNrb03 (1996)

Abstruct- Wavelength demultiplexer fabricated on electrooptic LiNb03 is demonstrated. Reflection structure was employed to halve the device length. The full width at half maximum of the transmission peak was around 1 nm. The crosstalk was -12 to -25 dB. Polarization independence was attained using a reflective quarter-wave plate.
Effects of synovial fluid hyaluronan concentration and molecular size on clearance of protein from the canine knee. (1995)

Our data suggest that SF HA is a relatively minor determinant of the kinetics of RISA clearance from the joint, and the changes in HA content seen in joint effusions are unlikely to confound interpretation of the concentration of marker molecules in SF.
The effect of dietary energy and protein (amino acid) level on the performance of breeder ostriches. (2005)

Please help us populate SUNScholar with the post print version of this article. It can be e-mailed to: scholar@sun.ac.za
A theoretical investigation in heterogeneous gold catalysis (2004)

A2. Total CASTEP Pseudo Atomic Energies (PW91-GGA and Ultrasoft Pseudopotentials
A temperature stabilized CMOS ring oscillator for a time-to-digital converter of a laser radar (2004)

A temperature stabilized CMOS ring oscillator for a time-to-digital converter of a laser radar has been designed. The ring oscillator is based on measuring the frequency of the ring oscillator by a frequency-to-voltage converter and locking that voltage to a stable voltage reference. The simulated temperature stability of the ring oscillator was less than 10 ppm//spl deg/C at all different corner points in temperature range of -10/spl deg/C to 70/spl deg/C. This corresponds to 0.1 mm//spl deg/C in a distance of 10 m. The frequency of the ring oscillator was approximately 653 MHz, giving a resolution of 128 ps.
Control of the Wettability of Microchannels for the Preparation of Oil-in-Water Emulsion using a Flow-Focusing Stainless Steel Microreactor (2013)

The importance of controlling microchannel surface wetting by a continuous-phase liquid on stable preparation of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion was assessed using a flow-focusing stainless steel microreactor. n-Dodecane and 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution were used respectively as the dispersed phase and continuous phase. The stainless steel microchannel surfaces were modified by mirror and matte finishing, with and without silicon (Si) ion plating. In contrast to mirror finishing, Si plating and matte finishing were more effective for lowering the contact angle of water under ambient air. The combined matte finished/ Si plated surface exhibited the lowest contact angle of water, and therefore the highest contact angle of dodecane in water. For mirror-finished microchannels, O/W emulsion was prepared at the beginning of the run, whereas droplet formation ceased within 30 min, probably because of microchannel surface wetting by dodecane. A more stable preparation of O/W emulsion was achieved for at least 5 h when combined matte finished/ Si plated microchannels were used. Results show that a stable preparation of O/W emulsion depended on complete wetting of microchannels by the continuous-phase liquid and on the low affinity of microchannels for the dispersed-phase liquid in water.
The Role of the Iminium Bond in the Inhibition of Reverse Transcriptase by Quaternary Benzophenanthridines (1998)

The quaternary benzo[c]phenanthridines fagaronine, nitidine and O-methylfagaronine have been reviewed as potential antitumour and antiviral agents. Their mode of action has not been established, but their ability to bind with DNA by intercalation is believed to be involved. Of the three synthetic analogues of O-methylfagaronine which we have synthesized, methoxidine and ethoxidine are active against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (IC50 values 2.8 microM and 2.4 microM respectively) whereas hydroxidine is inactive. One of the prerequisites for the enzyme inhibitory activity of this class of molecule is the presence of an iminium group--it is well known that a positive charge on a polyaromatic nucleus facilitates intercalative binding with DNA. Through UV spectrophotometric and modelling studies, we have shown that the iminium bond plays a more fundamental role in enzyme inhibition through its susceptibility to nucleophilic attack--the inactive analogue hydroxidine has a non-electrophilic iminium bond. Consequently, we have demonstrated that iminium bond electrophilicity is a parameter which needs to be considered in ternary complex formation with reverse transcriptase.
[Effects of low-level lead exposure on the neurobehavioral development of infants and early intervention]. (2008)

Low-level lead exposure interfered infant's neurobehavioral development and early intervention might improve infant's developmental quotient.
Scattering from large plane gratings composed of compliant tubes (1975)

A two-dimensional, structural-acoustical model of planewave scattering from an infinite, uniform plane grating of elliptical, cylindrical shells is developed to study transmission through compliant tube arrays. At low frequencies, an individual compliant tube is described by an elliptical shell that deforms in flexure. The unknown scattering coefficients are determined from the boumdary conditions by the use of an addition theorem for elliptical harmonic wave functions from which the elliptical Schlömilch series are generated. The scattered pressure is then rewritten in terms of propagating and evanescent plane waves. Calculations from the model are shown to be in agreement with measurements from the compliant tube arrays. Effects of tube orientations and spacing on array resonance and bandwidth are discussed. The use of multilayered gratings is shown to widen the insertion loss bandwidth. [Work supported by NAVSEA Sonar Technology Division.]
Contrôle génétique des résistances aux maladies chez le melon (1996)

* INRA, URD, Domaine St Paul, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon cedex 9 Diffusion du document : INRA, URD, Domaine St Paul, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon cedex 9
P.063 SUNFISH Part 1 results and Part 2 trial design in patients with type 2/3 spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) receiving risdiplam (RG7916) (2019)

Background: SMA is characterized by reduced levels of survival of motor neuron (SMN) protein from deletions and/or mutations of the SMN1 gene. While SMN1 produces full-length SMN protein, a second gene, SMN2 , produces low levels of functional SMN protein. Risdiplam (RG7916/RO7034067) is an investigational, orally administered, centrally and peripherally distributed small molecule that modulates pre-mRNA splicing of SMN2 to increase SMN protein levels. Methods: SUNFISH (NCT02908685) is an ongoing multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, operationally seamless study (randomized 2:1, risdiplam:placebo) in patients aged 2–25 years, with Type 2/3 SMA. Part 1 (n=51) assesses safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of different risdiplam dose levels. Pivotal Part 2 (n=180) assesses safety and efficacy of the risdiplam dose level selected based on Part 1 results. Results: Part 1 results showed a sustained, &amp;gt;2-fold increase in median SMN protein versus baseline following 1 year of treatment. Adverse events were mostly mild, resolved despite ongoing treatment and reflected underlying disease. No drug-related safety findings have led to withdrawal (data-cut 06/17/18). SUNFISH Part 1 exploratory endpoint results and Part 2 study design will also be presented. Conclusions: To date, no drug-related safety findings have led to withdrawal. Risdiplam led to sustained increases in SMN protein levels.
Quality assurance for workplace measurements [Air Monitoring Methods, 2012] (2012)

Abstract Published in the series Analyses of Hazardous Substances in Air , Vol. 13 (2012) The article contains sections titled: Introduction Normal distribution Rectangular distribution Triangular distribution Poisson distribution Fundamental influences on the uncertainty Uncertainty associated with sampling Uncertainty associated with storage and transport of samples Uncertainty during sample preparation Uncertainty during analytical determination Uncertainty when calculating the measured result Interference and environmental influences when converting from real conditions to standard conditions for gases and vapors Control measurements/internal quality assurance/control charts Measurement traceability Check of computer‐assisted evaluation systems Performance of method validation Calculation of the uncertainty in individual steps according to the EURACHEM/CITAC Guide Validation of the overall method performance Comparison with a validated method of known accuracy Comparison with reference or working standards Examples for the calculation of uncertainty Example 1. Analytical procedure for o ‐cresol – with correction of the recovery Example 2. Analytical procedure for 2‐methylpentane – without correction of the recovery Example 3. Analytical procedure for the determination of airborne particles containing quartz as stipulated in ISO/IEC Guide 98‐3 Example 4. Analytical procedure for the determination of welding fumes containing heavy metals as stipulated in the ISO/IEC Guide 98‐3
Structural studies on the product of heterocyclization of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole with 1,3-dibromopropane: a revision (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural studies on the product of heterocyclization of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole with 1,3-dibromopropane: a revisionFrancesco Bottino, Ugo Chiacchio, Frank R. Fronczek, and Sebastiano PappalardoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 8, 2024–2026Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00269a055https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00269a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views101Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Desulfitobacterium metallireducens sp. nov., an anaerobic bacterium that couples growth to the reduction of metals and humic acids as well as chlorinated compounds. (2002)

Strain 853-15A(T) was enriched and isolated from uranium-contaminated aquifer sediment by its ability to grow under anaerobic conditions via the oxidation of lactate coupled to the reduction of anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) to anthrahydroquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AHQDS). Lactate was oxidized incompletely to acetate and carbon dioxide according to the reaction CH3CHOHCOO(-)+ 2AQDS+H2O --> CH3COO(-)+ 2AHQDS+CO2. Additional electron donors utilized included formate, ethanol, butanol, butyrate, malate and pyruvate. Lactate also supported growth with Fe(III) citrate, Mn(IV) oxide, humic substances, elemental sulfur, 3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetate, trichloroethylene or tetrachloroethylene serving as the electron acceptor. Growth was not observed with sulfate, sulfite, nitrate or fumarate as the terminal electron acceptor. The temperature optimum for growth was 30 degrees C, but growth was also observed at 20 and 37 degrees C. The pH optimum was approximately 7.0. The 16S rDNA sequence of strain 853-15A(T) suggested that it was most closely related to Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans and closely related to Desulfitobacterium chlororespirans and Desulfitobacterium frappieri. The phylogenetic and physiological properties exhibited by strain 853-15A(T) (= ATCC BAA-636(T)) place it within the genus Desulfitobacterium as the type strain of a novel species, Desulfitobacterium metallireducens sp. nov.
Backbone Dynamics of the RNase H Domain of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase (2004)

Previous NMR relaxation studies of the isolated RNase H domain of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase at low pH have revealed that it is substantially more dynamic and less ordered than the relatively stable and catalytically active E. coli RNase HI. Using more recently developed techniques, we have investigated the dynamic behavior of the RNase H domain of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase at a more physiological pH (6.8), under a variety of solution conditions: no Mg(2+), 80 mM Mg(2+), and 80 mM Mg(2+) plus AMP ligand. In addition, we have repeated the previous measurements on a sample containing 100 mM sodium acetate, pH 5.4. Under all conditions studied, the order parameters from NMR relaxation analysis are uniformly high (>0.8) for most of the domain with the exception of the C-terminal region. Subtle differences can be found among the conditions studied, although the statistical significance of the differences is marginal. Residues 71-114 show a slight increase in order parameter with the addition of 5'-AMP. Conformational exchange, measured with CPMG relaxation dispersion experiments in the presence of Mg and AMP, were detected for some NH sites, predominantly located in the N-terminal region of the protein near strands beta2 and beta3 and helix alpha(A) (residues 28-69). In contrast with earlier studies indicating pathologically extreme dynamic behavior that apparently correlated with inactivity of the isolated domain, the relaxation analysis under the conditions of the present study yielded parameters that are more similar to those of the active E. coli RNase HI. A comparison of the order parameters obtained from a model-free analysis of the relaxation data with the B-factors in the crystal structures of the RNase H domain, both for the isolated domain and for the full HIV-1 reverse transcriptase structure, suggests that the dynamic behavior is similar in all cases.
Red, Itchy Rash on Arms and Trunk (2017)

ABSTRACT Teledermatology is a term to describe the provision of dermatologic medical services through telecommunication technology. This is a teledermatology case of a red, itchy rash on the arms and trunk.
iStuff (2003)

The iStuff toolkit of physical devices, and the flexible software infrastructure to support it, were designed to simplify the exploration of novel interaction techniques in the post-desktop era of multiple users, devices, systems and applications collaborating in an interactive environment. The toolkit leverages an existing interactive workspace in-frastructure, making it lightweight and platform independent. The supporting software framework includes a dynamically configurable intermediary to simplify the mapping of devices to applications. We describe the iStuff architecture and provide several examples of iStuff, organized into a design space of ubiquitous computing interaction components. The main contribution is a physical toolkit for distributed, heterogeneous environments with run-time retargetable device data flow. We conclude with some insights and experiences derived from using this toolkit and framework to prototype experimental interaction techniques for ubiquitous computing environments.
Abstract 17291: Fractionated Atrial Electrograms Recorded During Sinus Rhythm: Is There a Difference Between Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Controls? (2010)

Introduction: Ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) may require adjunctive substrate modification. Recently, fractionated atrial electrograms recorded during sinus rhythm (SRF) have been suggested a...
Achromatium (2015)

Abstract A.chro.ma'ti.um. Gr. pref. a not; Gr. n. chromatium color, paint; M.L. neut. n. Achromatium that which is not colored. Spherical to ovoid or cylindrical unicells with hemispherical ends. In natural populations, cells of widely different sizes appear . Cells vary in size from spheres of about 10 µm in diameter to giant cylindrical forms up to 30 × 125 µm (extremes are dividing stages); cells are on average 15 × 50 μm . Many size classes may be present within a sample. However, genetically different sub‐populations that overlap in their dimensions can occur in a single habitat. Division of cells by binary constriction. Gram negative. Calcium carbonate (calcite) is deposited intracellularly . Additionally, the cells contain globules of S 0 . The mol % G + C of the DNA is : not known. Type species : Achromatium oxaliferum Schewiakoff 1893, 1. Taxonomic and Nomenclature Notes According to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN), the taxonomic status of the genus Achromatium is: correct name (last update, February 2025) * . LPSN classification: Bacteria / Pseudomonadati / Pseudomonadota / Gammaproteobacteria / Beggiatoales / Achromatiaceae / Achromatium The genus Achromatium can also be recovered in the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB) as g__Achromatium (version v220) ** . GTDB classification: d__Bacteria / p__Pseudomonadota / c__Gammaproteobacteria / o__Chromatiales / f__Chromatiaceae / g__Achromatium * Meier‐Kolthoff et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D801 – D807 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab902 ** Parks et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D785 – D794 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab776
Scale and Boundary Effects on the Effective Elastic Properties of 2‐D and 3‐D Non‐REV Heterogeneous Porous Media (2018)

Abstract A digital 3‐D representation of a heterogeneous medium can be used as an input to physics‐based numerical methods to obtain an estimate of the effective physical properties of the composite, such as transport, electrical, and elastic properties. These properties can then be used to simplify large‐scale numerical simulations of physical processes by considering the constitutive equations of the heterogeneous composite as if it was a homogenous continuum. By definition, effective physical properties do not depend on the boundary conditions applied to a medium during an experiment. In finite‐sized media, computing effective properties for a medium may not be feasible due to the boundary effects on the computed parameters. Through numerical experiments, we developed a methodology to minimize the boundary effects by considering a subdomain within a sample onto which the experiment was performed. Specifically, we analyzed the boundary effects on the computed elastic properties of 2‐D and 3‐D subdomains located within a digitized sample of a Berea sandstone and a compacted random pack of identical spherical particles. As the parent sample size increases while the size of the subdomain remains fixed, the elastic properties of the latter converge to constant values. These values correspond to the effective elastic values of the subsample, though they depend on the immediate region surrounding the subdomain. In addition, we propose a method to relate the effective elastic properties of rock samples to another microstructural parameter to be used in prediction of elastic properties of other samples having the same type and geological conditions.
Design Study for A Low-Cost LH2 Turbopump (2000)

A preliminary design study, focusing on potential component selections and design for manufacturing and assembly (DFMAR1) analysis, is presented in this study. The investigation focused on a nominal cost liquid hydrogen turbopump suitable for a private launch class vehicle. Utilizing a turbocharger-like design philosophy, preliminary feasibility studies of the basic pump design class, the rotordynamic design class, and the turbine design class were conducted with associated DFMA evaluations. Reasonable cost levels and sensible levels of product assurance have been established.
Novel Synthetic Usage of Indium Compounds as Catalyst: Reductive Deoxygenation of Aryl Ketones and sec-Benzylic Alcohols (1999)

The combination of chlorodimethylsilane and a catalytic amount of indium compounds is effective for the deoxygenation of aryl ketones and sec-benzylic alcohols to the corresponding hydrocarbons. The combination system is so selective toward carbonyls that the functionalities such as halogen, ester, and ether tolerate the reduction conditions.
Water Vapor Adsorption Property of Various Clays and Related Materials for Applications to Humidity Self-Control Materials. (1997)

To develop a humidity self-control material in living quarters, the water vapor adsorption-desorption properties of porous clay minerals and related materials were studied. Based on Kelvin's capillary condensation theory, suitable pore diameters for the adsorption of water vapor at 0.4 and 0.7 of relative vapor pressure were calculated to be 3.2 and 7.4 nm, respectively. The adsorption-desorption isotherms of sepiolite, allophane, diatomite, and selectively leached clay minerals were measured and considered as candidates for humidity self-control materials.
Practical Syntheses of Selected Insect Pheromones (2005)

Practical examples of several insect pheromone syntheses are presented. Examples of key reactions in synthetic pathways include: kinetic versus thermodynamic control of cycloheptanone dimethylation (flea beetles), in situ oxidation/Wittig olefination (saltcedar leaf beetle), preparation of a 1,4-diol using a four-carbon homologating agent (currant stem girdler), preparation of trisubstituted alkenoic acids (cowpea weevil), and regiospecific epoxidation followed by cleavage of the epoxide to form a key aldehyde intermediate (cereal leaf beetle).