gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic treatment in preterm labor and intact membranes: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial (1998)

Although an association between microbial invasion of amniotic cavity and preterm birth has been extensively demonstrated, there is conflicting evidence regarding the benefits of antibiotic therapy in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes. We attempted to assess the efficacy of amoxicillin and erythromycin on pregnancy outcome in those patients. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was designed and implemented. A total of 196 patients with singleton pregnancies and preterm labor with intact membranes (22–36 weeks) were randomly allocated to receive either antibiotics or placebo, plus adjunctive parenteral tocolysis, and 173 patients (antibiotics group n = 83 vs. placebo group n = 90) completed the treatment. The overall prevalence of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity was 5.2% (9/173). No significant difference between both groups was found in maternal outcomes, including duration of randomization-to-delivery interval, frequency of preterm delivery, and frequency of clinical chorioamnionitis and endometritis. Rate of cesarean section was significantly higher in the placebo group (28% vs. 12%). Regarding neonatal outcome, no significant difference was detected between both groups in neonatal death, respiratory distress syndrome, proven sepsis, and birthweight. Suspected sepsis was significantly more frequent in the placebo group (6/90 vs. 0/78). The results of this trial indicate that amoxicillin and erythromycin do not prolong pregnancy in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes. A significant reduction in the rate of cesarean section was observed in patients receiving antibiotics. A significant reduction in the rate of neonatal suspected sepsis was also demonstrated.
Novel CNC/silica hybrid as potential reinforcing filler for natural rubber compounds (2019)

ABSTRACT This work describes the development of a low‐density, renewable, and high reinforcing filler for natural rubber (NR) compounds. The cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)‐based hybrid filler was synthesized by decorating the surface of CNCs with silica using a simple and efficient coprecipitation method. The properties of the prepared hybrid were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, nitrogen physisorption measurements, and Thermogravimetric analysis. Then, the prepared hybrid was incorporated in NR using two different approaches, namely, dry mixing and coprecipitation. The dynamic and tensile mechanical properties of the hybrid/NR compounds were evaluated indicating that: the coprecipitation method was found much more effective for homogeneous dispersion and the CNC/silica hybrid provided quite higher reinforcement to NR than reference silica; however, much lower density of the final compounds was obtained. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137 , 48332.
Deviation from baseline mutation burden provides powerful and robust rare-variants association test for complex diseases (2021)

Identifying rare variants that contribute to complex diseases is challenging because of the low statistical power in current tests comparing cases with controls. Here, we propose a novel and powerful rare variants association test based on the deviation of the observed mutation burden of a gene in cases from a baseline predicted by a weighted recursive truncated negative-binomial regression (RUNNER) on genomic features available from public data. Simulation studies show that RUNNER is substantially more powerful than state-of-the-art rare variant association tests and has reasonable type 1 error rates even for stratified populations or in small samples. Applied to real case-control data, RUNNER recapitulates known genes of Hirschsprung disease and Alzheimer's disease missed by current methods and detects promising new candidate genes for both disorders. In a case-only study, RUNNER successfully detected a known causal gene of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The present study provides a powerful and robust method to identify susceptibility genes with rare risk variants for complex diseases.
Protein kinase C regulation of corneal endothelial cell proliferation and cell cycle. (2000)

PKC activity, in particular PKCalpha and -epsilon activity, is important in promoting corneal endothelial cell proliferation. Inhibition of PKC activity prohibits G1/S-phase progression and reduces cyclin E protein levels.
Inciting our children to turn their music down: The AYE concept (2018)

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 1.1 billion people are currently at risk of losing their hearing due to excessive exposure to noise. Of this, a significant proportion consists of children, youth and young adults who are exposing themselves to excessive levels of sound through various leisure activities (music players, concerts, movies at the theatre, dance clubs, etc.). To address this issue, many approaches have been developed, ranging from general awareness messages to volume limiters on personal music players. Nevertheless, it seems that, as with all dangerous behaviors, the most promising approach is a direct one in which a personalized assessment of the risk has been made and the person is made aware of the associated detrimental consequences. The present paper describes a counseling approach whereby the sound exposure is associated with an increased loss of hearing sensitivity. The proposed “Age of Your Ears (AYE)” metric is computed using the ISO 1999 multiregression model and predicts for a given age and a given sound exposure the resulting accelerated aging of the person’s hearing. Preliminary results from pilot studies and focus groups with youths will be presented together with the underlying mathematical and statistical foundations.
Image Steganography using YCbCr Color Space and Matrix Pattern (2019)

In this paper, a data hiding method to transfer secret data over unsecure networks is proposed. The method is based on a matrix pattern approach to hide the secret data into color images. In the proposed method, the image is first transformed into the YCbCr color space, and then each image component is divided into blocks. The Y component is used to generate matrix patterns using the texture of each Y block and assign these patterns to ASCII characters. The Cb and Cr components are then used to hide the secret data using the generated matrix patterns. The results show that the proposed scheme has achieved higher embedding capacity compared to other methods while maintaining the stego-image quality.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Glycolytic Inhibition Alters Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Tumor Metabolism and Improves Response to Conventional Chemotherapy and Radiation (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 810KB.&lt;/p&gt;
Emotional dysregulation and health related quality of life in young adults with ADHD: a cross sectional study (2021)

The findings support the centrality of ED in ADHD and its crucial influence on HRQoL. Young adults with ADHD and high levels of ED are at risk for aversive impact on their well-being regardless of their ADHD symptoms level.
Chemical‐surface modification of polymers using atmospheric pressure nonequilibrium plasmas and comparisons with vacuum plasmas (2001)

Abstract We demonstrate that stable microwave‐coupled atmospheric pressure nonequilibrium plasmas (APNEPs) can be formed under a wide variety of gas and flow‐rate conditions. Furthermore, these plasmas can be effectively used to remove surface contamination and chemically modify polymer surfaces. These chemical changes, generally oxidation and crosslinking, enhance the surface properties of the materials such as surface energy. Comparisons between vacuum plasma and atmospheric plasma treatment strongly indicate that much of the vacuum‐plasma literature is pertinent to APNEP, thereby providing assistance with understanding the nature of APNEP‐induced reactions. © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 95–109, 2002
Chemical Dealloying Mechanism of Bimetallic Pt–Co Nanoparticles and Enhancement of Catalytic Activity toward Oxygen Reduction (2010)

The chemical dealloying mechanism of bimetallic Pt-Co nanoparticles (NPs) and enhancement of their electrocatalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) have been investigated on a fundamental level by the combination of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Structural parameters, such as coordination numbers, alloy extent, and the unfilled d states of Pt atoms, are derived from the XAS spectra, together with the compositional variation analyzed by line-scanning energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) on an atomic scale, to gain new insights into the dealloying process of bimetallic Pt-Co NPs. The XAS results on acid-treated Pt-Co/C NPs reveal that the Co-Co bonding in the bimetallic NPs dissolves first and the remaining morphology gradually transforms to a Pt-skin structure. From cyclic voltammetry and mass activity measurements, Pt-Co alloy NPs with a Pt-skin structure significantly enhance the catalytic performance towards the ORR. Further, it is observed that such an imperfect Pt-skin surface feature will collapse due to the penetration of electrolyte into layers underneath and cause further dissolution of Co and the loss of Pt. The electrocatalytic activity decreases accordingly, if the dealloying process lasts for 4 h. The findings not only demonstrate the importance of appropriate treatment of bimetallic catalysts, but also can be referred to other Pt bimetallic alloys with transition metals.
Water-Soluble Nanodiamond (Postprint) (2012)

Abstract : Nanodiamond particles possess extraordinary mechanical, electronic, thermal, and tribological properties and exhibit significant potential as components of novel multifunctional materials. However, processing of diamond nanoparticles for many applications is hampered by agglomeration and inhomogeneous dispersions in organic or aqueous solvents that are often used for these applications. The search for novel methods to process nanodiamonds is thus an important goal in materials science. In this study, we report a versatile, scalable synthesis of water-soluble nanodiamonds using a route similar to that demonstrated earlier for carbon nanotubes and graphene.
Patient-Reported Outcomes Before and After Primary and Revision Total Ankle Arthroplasty (2018)

Therapeutic Level III, comparative series.
Prospects for application of post‐consumer used plastics in food packaging (1997)

The two most widely used polymers in packaging in recent years are polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene (PE). The biggest fractions of these polymers are not re‐utilized, in spite of the fact that they possess excellent properties even after their first application. The ban on using recycled polymers in food packaging applications and the lack of good value outlets for these materials causes them to end up in landfills. The high cost nylon, used in packaging primarily as high gas barrier laminates with PE, also finds its way to landfills. In this case, the reason is the difficulty of recycling different polymers that are incompatible. Thus, the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) stream transferred to landfills contains many plastic packages. These packages are being blamed as a major pollutant of the environment in spite of the fact that all plastics contribute only a small percentage to the weight of the garbage in landfills. If proper and cost effective applications for the recycled polymers could be developed, the waste related to their disposal could be limited. In addition, the contribution of plastic packages to the environmental problem could be diminished. In the present paper, the possibility of sandwiching a contaminated PET layer between two layers of the virgin material was studied. The aim of the study was to determine whether such an operation could lower the migration level of contaminants from a multilayer structure (containing a recycled layer of PET) to values below the limits required by regulatory agencies. The diffusion coefficients (required to determine migration) of four organic liquids in PET were determined. As a result of the sandwiching operation, the amount of pollutant (toluene) migrating into the food simulant was reduced by two orders of magnitude. The properties of PE/nylon blends were also studied. It was found that the high gas barrier properties of nylon are preserved in the blend when proper processing conditions are used. Therefore, the recycled material could be used as a centre layer in a multilayer structure providing good gas barrier properties to this structure.
Effect of isolated removal of either basolateral HCO3-or basolateral CO2on HCO3-reabsorption by rabbit S2 proximal tubule (2003)

The equilibrium CO2+H2O right arrow over left arrow H++HCO3- had made it impossible to determine how isolated changes in basolateral CO2 ([CO2]) or HCO3- concentration ([HCO3-]), at a fixed basolateral pH, modulate renal HCO3- or reabsorption. In the present study, we have begun to address this issue by measuring HCO3- reabsorption (JHCO3) and intracellular pH (pHi) in isolated perfused rabbit S2 proximal tubules exposed to three different basolateral (bath) solutions: 1) equilibrated 5% CO2/22 mM HCO3-/pH 7.40, 2) an out-of-equilibrium (OOE) solution containing 5% CO2/pH 7.40 but minimal HCO3- ("pure CO2"), and 3) an OOE solution containing 22 mM HCO3-/pH 7.40 but minimal CO2 ("pure HCO3-"). Tubule lumens were constantly perfused with equilibrated 5% CO2/22 mM HCO3-. Compared with the equilibrated bath solution (JHCO3 = 76.5 +/- 7.7 pmol.min-1.mm-1, pHi = 7.09 +/- 0.04), the pure CO2 bath solution increased JHCO3 by approximately 25% but decreased pHi by 0.19. In contrast, the pure HCO3- bath solution decreased JHCO3 by 37% but increased pHi by 0.24. Our data are consistent with two competing hypotheses: 1) the isolated removal of basolateral HCO3- (or CO2) causes a pHi decrease (increase) that in turn raises (lowers) JHCO3; and 2) HCO3- removal raises JHCO3 by reducing inhibition of basolateral Na/HCO3 cotransport and/or reducing HCO3- backleak, whereas CO2 removal lowers JHCO3 by reducing stimulation of a CO2 sensor.
Mechano-thermochemical synthesis of rare-earth metal–organic frameworks with solvent-free coordination for visible and near-infrared emission (2022)

A mechano-thermochemical method was proposed to prepare solvent-free rare-earth metal–organic frameworks with excellent fluorescence emission covering the whole region of visible and near-infrared light.
A routine method for the quantification of the novel antimycotic drug posaconazole in plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (2009)

LC-MS/MS with on-line solid phase extraction for sample preparation allows the implementation of a convenient and reliable method for pharmacokinetic monitoring of posaconazole.
SODOBNA POLITIČNA ZNANOST V STRUKTURNIHPOGOJIH KAPITALISTIČNEGA PRODUKCIJSKEGANAČINA (2022)

Povzetek. Namen članka je pokazati strukturno pogojenost obstoja sodobne politične znanosti kot posebne znanosti o politiki z vzponom kapitalističnega produkcijskega načina. Specifičnost kapitalizma je namreč ločitev politične oblasti in ekonomskega izkoriščanja, kar tudi prvič odpre prostor za oblikovanje posebne javne/ politične in zasebne sfere. Ravno ta ločitev politike od ekonomije vzpostavi razmere za oblikovanje ločene politične znanosti, ki se ukvarja predvsem s politično/ javno sfero ali s posredovanjem interesov in vpliva iz zasebne sfere na raven politike. Sodobna politična znanost, ki je ločena od drugih znanosti in ki se ukvarja s politiko, ki je ločena od drugih sfer življenja, je postala možna le v kapitalistični družbi, ko se je trg vzpostavil kot ključni regulacijski mehanizem družbe. Ključni pojmi: politika, politična znanost, razredna družba, kapitalizem
Coulometric cell using porous carbon felt (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCoulometric cell using porous carbon feltShunichi. Uchiyama, Masaki. Ono, Shuichi. Suzuki, and Osamu. HamamotoCite this: Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 17, 1835–1836Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00168a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00168a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Series of Beta-Carboline Derivatives Inhibit the Kinase Activity of PLKs (2012)

Polo-like kinases play an essential role in the ordered execution of mitotic events and 4 mammalian PLK family members have been identified. Accumulating evidence indicates that PLK1 is an attractive target for anticancer drugs. In this paper, a series of beta-carboline derivatives were synthesized and three compounds, DH281, DH285 and DH287, were identified as potent new PLK inhibitors. We employed various biochemical and cellular approaches to determine the effects of these compounds on the activity of PLK1 and other mitotic kinases and on cell cycle progression. We found that these three compounds could selectively inhibit the kinase activity of purified PLK1, PLK2 and PLK3 in vitro. They show strong antitumor activity against a number of cancer cell lines with relatively low micromolar IC(50)s, but are relatively less toxic to non-cancer cells (MRC5). Moreover, these compounds could induce obvious accumulation of HeLa cells in G(2)/M and S phases and trigger apoptosis. Although MRC5 cells show clear S-phase arrest after treatment with these compounds, the G2/M arrest and apoptosis are less insignificant, indicating the distinct sensitivity between normal and cancer cells. We also found that HeLa cells treated with these drugs exhibit monopolar spindles and increased Wee1 protein levels, the characteristics of cells treated with PLK1 inhibitors. Together, these results demonstrate that DH281, DH285 and DH287 beta-carboline compounds are new PLK inhibitors with potential for cancer treatment.
A nanometric Rh overlayer on a metal foil surface as a highly efficient three-way catalyst (2016)

Pulsed arc-plasma (AP) deposition of an Rh overlayer on an Fe-Cr-Al stainless steel foil produced a composite material that exhibited high activity for automotive three-way catalysis (TWC). The AP pulses deposited metallic Rh nanoparticles 1-3 nm in size, whose density on the surface increased with the number of pulses. This led to coalescence and grain growth on the foil surface and the eventual formation of a uniform two-dimensional Rh overlayer. Full coverage of the 51 μm-thick flat foil by a 3.2 nm-thick Rh overlayer was achieved after 1,000 pulses. A simulated TWC reaction using a miniature honeycomb fabricated using flat and corrugated foils with the Rh overlayers exhibited successful light-off at a practical gaseous hourly space velocity of 1.2 × 10(5) h(-1). The turnover frequency for the NO-CO reaction over the metallic honeycomb catalyst was ca. 80-fold greater than that achieved with a reference Rh/ZrO2-coated cordierite honeycomb prepared using a conventional wet impregnation and slurry coating procedure. Despite the nonporosity and low surface area of the foil-supported Rh overlayer compared with conventional powder catalysts (Rh/ZrO2), it is a promising alternative design for more efficient automotive catalysts that use less Rh loading.
AN EFFICIENT AND REGIOSELECTIVE OXYBROMINATION OF AROMATIC COMPOUNDS USING POTASSIUM BROMIDE AND OXONE®,* (2002)

ABSTRACT A simple, efficient and regioselective method for oxybromination of aromatics is reported. The electrophilic substitution of bromine generated in situ from potassium bromide using oxone® as an oxidant for the first time. *IICT Communication No. 4708 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We are thankful to Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi for funding, DST Project No.: SP/S1/H07/97. Notes *IICT Communication No. 4708
Throughput optimization of wireless LANs by surrogate model based cognitive decision making (2015)

Large scale growth of wireless networks and the scarcity of the electromagnetic spectrum are imposing more interference to the wireless terminals which jeopardize the Quality of Service offered to the end users. In order to address this kind of performance degradation, this paper proposes a novel experimentally verified cognitive decision engine which aims at optimizing the throughput of IEEE 802.11 links in presence of homogeneous IEEE 802.11 interference. The decision engine is based on a surrogate model that takes the current state of the wireless network as input and makes a prediction of the throughput. The prediction enables the decision engine to find the optimal configuration of the controllable parameters of the network. The decision engine was applied in a realistic interference scenario where utilization of the cognitive decision engine outperformed the case where the decision engine was not deployed by a worst case improvement of more than 100%.
AI-UPV at EXIST 2023 -- Sexism Characterization Using Large Language Models Under The Learning with Disagreements Regime (2023)

With the increasing influence of social media platforms, it has become crucial to develop automated systems capable of detecting instances of sexism and other disrespectful and hateful behaviors to promote a more inclusive and respectful online environment. Nevertheless, these tasks are considerably challenging considering different hate categories and the author's intentions, especially under the learning with disagreements regime. This paper describes AI-UPV team's participation in the EXIST (sEXism Identification in Social neTworks) Lab at CLEF 2023. The proposed approach aims at addressing the task of sexism identification and characterization under the learning with disagreements paradigm by training directly from the data with disagreements, without using any aggregated label. Yet, performances considering both soft and hard evaluations are reported. The proposed system uses large language models (i.e., mBERT and XLM-RoBERTa) and ensemble strategies for sexism identification and classification in English and Spanish. In particular, our system is articulated in three different pipelines. The ensemble approach outperformed the individual large language models obtaining the best performances both adopting a soft and a hard label evaluation. This work describes the participation in all the three EXIST tasks, considering a soft evaluation, it obtained fourth place in Task 2 at EXIST and first place in Task 3, with the highest ICM-Soft of -2.32 and a normalized ICM-Soft of 0.79. The source code of our approaches is publicly available at https://github.com/AngelFelipeMP/Sexism-LLM-Learning-With-Disagreement.