gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Delineation of the insulin-responsive sequence in the rat cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase gene: binding sites for hepatocyte nuclear factor-3 and nuclear factor I (1999)

Expression of the rat cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase gene is stimulated by glucocorticoids and repressed by insulin in the liver. The regulation by insulin and part of the glucocorticoid effect are mediated by a distal region in the promoter. A 142 bp fragment (-1844 to -1702) confers hormonal sensitivity to the heterologous thymidine kinase promoter in transient-transfection assays in H4IIEC3 hepatoma cells. Footprinting and gel-shift assays showed that several nuclear proteins bind to this region at conserved CCAAT-enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), activator protein (AP-1) and E-box sequences. Hepatocyte nuclear factor-3alpha (HNF-3)alpha and beta bind to sequences upstream of a glucocorticoid-responsive element (GRE) half-site as demonstrated by supershift experiments. Nuclear factor I (NFI)-like proteins bind downstream of the GRE half-site. These sites around the GRE motif overlap with five insulin responsive element (IRE) -like sequences (TG/ATTT). The effect of insulin was not prevented by any single mutation in the IRE-like sites. However, mutation of two IRE sites (namely IREc and d) prevented the insulin effect although only marginally affecting the glucocorticoid effect. The results suggest that the effect of insulin is due to a complex interplay of factors requiring the synergistic contribution of at least two sites and underline the contribution of HNF-3 and NFI-like proteins.
Arrhythmogenic propensity of the fibrotic substrate after atrial fibrillation ablation: a longitudinal study using magnetic resonance imaging-based atrial models (2019)

Recurrent AF after PVI in the fibrotic atria may be attributable to both preserved RDs that sustain AF pre- and post-ablation, and the emergence of new RDs following ablation. The same levels of fibrosis entropy and density underlie the pro-RD propensity in both pre- and post-ablation substrates.
Editorial: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Immune Checkpoint Blockers in Anti-leukemia/Lymphoma Immune Therapy (2022)

EDITORIAL article Front. Oncol., 07 March 2022Sec. Hematologic Malignancies Volume 12 - 2022 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.872300
Effect of Phase-Balancer Capacitance on the Dynamic Behavior of a Three-Phase Induction Motor Operated from a Single Phase Supply (1989)

This paper presents an analysis for the transient performance of a three phase induction motor operated from a single-phase supply via phase modifier capacitor inserted with stator phases. The analysis is performed using the instantaneous symmetrical components approach along with sequence operational equivalent circuits of the motor. It has been shown that the choice of phase balancer condenser should be decided upon by the steady state performance levels as well as steady state double frequency torque pulsations. It was concluded that there exists a value of the capacitor that yields minimum value of torque pulsations, thus adding a new criterion for capacitor selection.
Realization of the First GaN Based Tunnel Field-Effect Transistor (2018)

Tunnel field-effect transistors (TFETs) offer the means to surpass the subthreshold swing (SS) limit of 60 mV/dec that limits MOSFETs. While MOSFETs rely on modulating a potential barrier, which is subject to a Boltzmann tail in the density of states (DOS), interband tunneling in TFETs enables a sharp turn off of the DOS because the transport is no longer governed by an exponential tail of carriers. These devices have been investigated in Si & III-V material systems <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> , achieving SS's as low as 20 mV/dec <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . GaN is advantageous to these other material systems because its large bandgap is ideal for suppressing leakage current. Unfortunately impurity doping in GaN alone is not enough to achieve the internal fields required to promote interband tunneling[Fig l(a)]. However, by taking advantage of the difference in polarization fields between InGaN and GaN, a device structure favoring interband tunneling can be made [Fig l(b)]. Li et. al. <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> have theoretically predicted that a GaN heterojunction TFET could obtain an SS of 15 mV/dec and a peak current of 1×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> A/μm. For the work being presented, GaN TFETs were fabricated using a surrounding gate (SG) architecture utilizing both nanowires and fins formed from a top-down approach.
An Improved Approach to 6D Object Pose Tracking in Fast Motion Scenarios (2022)

Tracking 6D poses of objects in video sequences is important for many applications such as robot manipulation and augmented reality. End-to-end deep learning based 6D pose tracking methods have achieved notable performance both in terms of accuracy and speed on standard benchmarks characterized by slowly varying poses. However, these methods fail to address a key challenge for using 6D pose trackers in fast motion scenarios. The performance of temporal trackers degrades significantly in fast motion scenarios and tracking failures occur frequently. In this work, we propose a framework to make end-to-end 6D pose trackers work better for fast motion scenarios. We integrate the “Relative Pose Estimation Network” from an end-to-end 6D pose tracker into an EKF framework. The EKF adopts a constant velocity motion model and its measurement is computed from the output of the “Relative Pose Estimation Network”. The proposed method is evaluated on challenging hand-object interaction sequences from the Laval dataset and compared against the original end-to-end pose tracker, referred to as the baseline. Experiments show that integration with EKF significantly improves the tracking performance, achieving a pose detection rate of 85.23% compared to 61.32% achieved by the baseline. The proposed framework exceeds the real-time performance requirement of 30 fps.
Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Prostate Cancer Survival (2016)

In light of inconsistent evidence regarding the role of vitamin D in the development of prostate cancer, the present findings regarding the most clinically relevant prostate cancer outcome, disease-specific mortality, could have important public health implications. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(4); 665-9. ©2016 AACR.
Relationship between insult intensity and mode of hair cell loss in the vestibular system of rats exposed to 3,3′‐iminodipropionitrile (2001)

A variety of stimuli cause sensory hair cell loss in the mammalian inner ear. This loss occurs by several differing processes, the significance of which remains undetermined. This study examines the relationship between the intensity of the damaging stimulus and the mode of hair cell loss found in the vestibular sensory epithelia of the rat. The ototoxin 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) was administered to rats at three different intoxication rates: acute exposure to high doses, repeated exposure to intermediate doses, and subchronic exposure to low doses. The morphology of the vestibular epithelia was examined by light microscopy and by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). In addition, DNA fragmentation in the epithelia was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (tdt)-dUTP-nick-end-label (TUNEL). One day after acute IDPN, necrosis of hair cells was observed. However, at day 4 with this dose, and 1 and 4 days after repeated exposure, apoptotic figures and positive TUNEL labeling predominated. Subchronic IDPN resulted in a slowly evolving extrusion of basically intact hair cells in the crista and utricle. The data demonstrate that extrusion is a major mechanism of hair cell demise in mammals, that necrosis, apoptosis, and extrusion form a continuum of modes of hair cell loss, and that the intensity of the damaging stimulus determines the prevalence of each mode: Necrosis was most evident when the intensity was at its highest, whereas extrusion predominated when the intensity was at the lowest end of the scale.
Purinoceptors mediating relaxation and spasm in the rat gastric fundus (1992)

1. The relaxant and spasmogenic effects of purines and analogues were studied in longitudinal strips of rat gastric fundus to characterize the purinoceptors involved. Classification was studied by use of agonist potency orders and of antagonists in circumstances where the influence of confounding factors was reduced. In general tone was raised by carbachol (0.1 microM). 2. Adenosine produced relaxation and was potentiated by nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBTI, 0.3 and 30 microM), an adenosine-uptake inhibitor. 8-Sulphophenyl-theophylline (8-SPT, 30 microM), a selective P1-purinoceptor antagonist, antagonized adenosine and 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA), a selective agonist at P1-purinoceptors. 3. At resting tone, adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) induced a small, phasic relaxation followed by a maintained spasm. When tone was raised by carbachol, ATP induced a larger relaxation followed by a smaller spasm. NBTI did not potentiate ATP, nor did 8-SPT antagonize ATP, suggesting that ATP does not act directly or indirectly at P1-purinoceptors. 4. With raised tone, and in the presence of indomethacin (10 microM) and 8-SPT (30 microM), 2-methylthio ATP (2-MeSATP) and ATP produced relaxations followed by spasms while alpha,beta-methylene ATP (alpha,beta-MeATP) induced only relaxation; all responses were concentration-dependent. The compounds had similar slopes and maxima for relaxation and spasm. The rank orders of potency were 2-MeSATP much greater than alpha,beta-MeATP greater than ATP for relaxation and 2-MeSATP much greater than ATP for spasm.5. With raised tone, and in the presence of indomethacin and alpha 8-SPT, desensitization to alpha,beta-MeATP (100microM) completely and only slightly suppressed responses to ATP and 2-MeSATP, respectively, as relaxants but had no effect on relaxant responses to adenosine. The magnitude of the spasms to ATP and 2-MeSATP was considerably increased by desensitization with alpha,beta-MeATP but the spasm to KCl was not affected.6. With raised tone, and in the presence of indomethacin and 8-SPT, reactive blue 2 (10 AM) nonselectively antagonized ATP, 2-MeATP, a,P-MeATP, adenosine and isoprenaline as relaxants. Reactive blue 2 prevented the spasms to ATP and 2-MeSATP but not spasm to KC1.7. With raised tone, and in the presence of indomethacin, suramin (100 microM) antagonized ATP, but not adenosine, as relaxants and antagonized ATP, but not KC1, as spasmogens.8. It is proposed that adenosine is susceptible to nucleoside-specific uptake and acts predominantly via a P,-purinoceptor and also by a non-PI-purinoceptor mechanism. ATP- and alpha,beta-MeATP-induced relaxations probably occur via a P2x-purinoceptor. The anomalous nature of the 2-MeSATP-induced relaxation suggests it acts both via a P2x-purinoceptor and an additional mechanism. A P2y-purinoceptor is most likely to be involved in the spasms to ATP and 2-MeSATP. Therefore, the functional nature of the responses mediated by P2X- and P2y-purinoceptors, relaxation and spasm respectively, are opposite to those seen in most smooth muscles.
Out of control little-used clinical assets are draining healthcare budgets. (2012)

To improve utilization and reduce the cost of maintaining mobile clinical equipment, healthcare organization leaders should do the following: Select an initial asset group to target. Conduct a physical inventory. Evaluate the organization's asset "ecosystem." Optimize workflow processes. Phase in new processes, and phase out inventory. Devote time to change management. Develop a replacement strategy.
Turbine Tip Clearance Flow Control Using Plasma Actuators (2006)

The tip clearance gap leakage ∞ow is of continuing concern in reducing e‐ciency losses that occur within turbines. Active ∞ow control using a blade-tip-mounted unsteady plasma actuator was implemented in a low pressure linear turbine cascade. Downstream ∞ow velocity and pressure were acquired using a flve-hole probe to document changes in leakage vortex size and strength. Reynolds numbers of 5£10 4 and 10 5 for tip gaps of 4% and 1.56% of axial chord were examined for unactuated and actuated cases. Due to the large ∞ow angles seen in the leakage vortex at a 4% gap size, the probe was unable to acquire the downstream pressure because the calibration region of the probe was exceeded. The extensive three-dimensionality of the ∞owfleld in the tip region has proven di‐cult to measure for low velocities. However, for the smaller 1.56% gap, the leakage vortex size is reduced over the 4% gap, which allows for measurement of actuator efiectiveness on the downstream ∞owfleld. Here, actuation achieved a 29.5% reduction in maximum pressure loss at an axial chord Reynolds number of 10 5 , while at a Reynolds number equal to 5 £ 10 4 , there was a 14.7% reduction. These results are dependent on the unsteady frequency the actuator, although these results show a signiflcant beneflcial change in the tip gap ∞ow.
The MisR/MisS Two-component Regulatory System Influences Inner Core Structure and Immunotype of Lipooligosaccharide in Neisseria meningitidis (2004)

Lipooligosaccharide (LOS) of Neisseria meningitidis is the major inflammatory mediator that contributes to meningococcal pathogenesis. Variable attachments to the HepII residue of the LOS inner core together with the alpha-chain heterogeneity result in immunologically distinct LOS structures, which may be selected for during human infection. Lpt-3, a phosphoethanolamine (PEA) transferase, and LgtG, a glucosyltransferase, mediate the substitution of PEA or glucose at the O-3 position of HepII in L3 or L2 LOS immunotypes, respectively. Inactivation of a two-component response regulator, encoded by NMB0595, in N. meningitidis strain NMB resulted in the loss of all PEA decorations on the LOS inner core expressed by the NMB0595 mutant. When compared with the parental strain NMB that predominantly expresses L2 immunotype LOS and other minor LOS structures, the NMB0595 mutant expresses a pure population of a novel LOS structure completely substituted at the HepII O-3 position with glucose, but lacking other PEA decorations on the inner core. Quantitative real time PCR experiments showed increased transcription of lgtG in the NMB0595 mutant, and no significant change in lpt-3 transcription. Inactivation of lgtG resulted in LOS inner cores without glucose, but these structures, even though the lpt-3 transcription was unaffected, also lacked the O-3-linked PEA. Consistently, a double mutation of lgtG and misR in strain NMB yielded a LOS structure without PEA or Glc substitution of HepII. These data indicated a new pathway for the regulation of LOS inner core structure in N. meningitidis through an environmental sensing two-component regulatory system, named misR(NMB0595)/misS(NMB0594) for regulator and sensor of the meningococcal inner core structure.
Amplified Spontaneous Emission in Conjugated Polyrotaxanes Under Quasi‐cw Pumping (2013)

Amplified spontaneous emission under millisecond pulsed excitation on a rotaxane-insulated conjugated polymer is reported. Pump-probe spectroscopy confirms the absence of polaron-pair absorption in the gain spectral region as the main factor contributing to quasi-steady-state amplified spontaneous emission. The low polaron-pair yield in this compound is the likely result of effective backbone encapsulation provided by the threading ring.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF NON-DRUG THERAPY FOR PRECONCEPTION PREPARATION OF WOMEN WITH BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS (2022)

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is one of the most common conditions in women of reproductive age. BV is detected in 80–87% of women with abnormal vaginal discharge, the incidence of the disease in pregnant women reaches 37–40% and is a risk factor for complications. The purpose of the research is to study the clinical and microbiological efficacy of a two-stage scheme for the correction of vaginal dysbiosis using cavitated low-frequency ultrasound (LUS) as an alternative method for preconception preparation in women with bacterial vaginosis. Materials and methods. The study involved 67 patients with BV aged 19 to 35 years who consulted an obstetrician-gynecologist in connection with pregnancy planning. The results of bacterioscopic and bacteriological studies, the state of vaginal microbiocenosis were evaluated by PCR with real-time detection of results (RT-PCR). All patients according to the state of microbiocenosis were divided into two groups: I-moderate dysbiosis with the content of Lactobacillus spp.from 20% to 80% (n=39) and II-pronounced dysbiosis with the content of Lactobacillus spp.less than 20% (n=28). A two-stage scheme was applied to correct vaginal dysbiosis. At the first stage, all women underwent vaginal treatment with cavitated NUS aqueous 0.05% chlorhexidine solution.At the second stage, a lyophilized culture of lactobacilli was used to normalize and renew the vaginal microflora. The results of the study. In women of group I with moderate dysbiosis, a decrease in the content of lactoflora below the value of 107/g was revealed. The proportion of Gardnerella vaginalis was 35.9% (n=14), Atopobiumvaginae 25.6% (n=10), Eubacterium 23.1% (n=9), Megasphera 17.9% (n=7), Mobiluncus spp.20.5% (n=8), Peptostreptococcus 8% (n=3), Snethia spp.20.5% (n=8), Lachnobacterium spp.15.3 (n=6). In group II of examined women with severe dysbiosis, the content of lactoflora was less than 105/g; in most cases, lactobacilli were not detected. The majority of patients had microbial associations of Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobiumvaginae 67.8% (n=19), Eubacterium 17.8% (n=5), Megasphera 14.2% (n=4), Mobiluncus spp.25% (n=7), Peptostreptococcus 28.5% (n=8), Snethia spp. 32.1% (n=9), Lachnobacterium spp.25% (n=7). After the course of treatment, the positive dynamics of the state of microbiocenosis according to real-time PCR was noted after the completion of the course of vaginal irrigation. The proportion of women with severe anaerobic dysbiosis decreased from 41.8% (n=28) to 13.4% (n=9), with moderate dysbiosis - from 58.2% (n=39) to 19.4% (n=13) among all examined women. At the same time, in 61.2% (n=41) of women, the microbiocenosis was restored to normocenosis. Conclusions. The proposed scheme for the correction of vaginal dysbiosis demonstrates the high efficiency of the method: restoration of normocenosis was achieved in every second patient. Positive dynamics was noted due to an increase in the proportion of lactoflora content in almost all observed women.
An Investigation into Membrane Potentials Generated Across Mullite in Mixtures of Molten Alkali Metal Bromides (1991)

Mullite functions as an ionic conductor of alkali metal cations at high temperatures. The membrane potentials of two mullite membranes, MV30 and MV33, were measured in mixtures of the alkali metal cations. These potentials were predicted by the equations used to predict membrane potentials in aqueous systems. The potential selectivity coefficient of MV30 for Na/K, Li/K, and Na/Li were calculated and the potential selectivity coefficient of MV33 for Na/K was evaluted. The range of composition over which the behavior of each mullite may be predicted was discussed.
Recombination mechanisms in highly efficient thin film Zn(S,O)/Cu(In,Ga)S2 based solar cells (2009)

Progress in fabricating Cu(In,Ga)S2 based solar cells with Zn(S,O) buffer is presented. An efficiency of 12.9% was achieved. Using spectral response, current-voltage and temperature dependent current-voltage measurements, current transport in this junction was studied and compared to that of a highly efficient CdS/Cu(In,Ga)S2 solar cell with a special focus on recombination mechanisms. Independently of the buffer type and despite the difference in band alignment of the two junctions, interface recombination is found to be the main recombination channel in both cases. This was unexpected since it is generally assumed that a cliff facilitates interface recombination while a spike suppresses it.
Folate Activity in Reticulocytes and the Incorporation of Tritiated Pteroylglutamic Acid into Red Cells (1968)

S ummary . Reticulocytes produced by repeated phenylhydrazine injections in rabbits and rats showed markedly increased folate activity as compared with that of mature red cells. Reticulocytes incorporated larger amounts of tritiated pteroylglutamic acid than mature red cells of rabbits, rats, and of one human subject. Marked quantitative differences were observed between the ability of the red cells of these three species to take up folate.
Nitriding‐Interface‐Regulated Lithium Plating Enables Flame‐Retardant Electrolytes for High‐Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries (2019)

Safety concerns are impeding the applications of lithium metal batteries. Flame-retardant electrolytes, such as organic phosphates electrolytes (OPEs), could intrinsically eliminate fire hazards and improve battery safety. However, OPEs show poor compatibility with Li metal though the exact reason has yet to be identified. Here, the lithium plating process in OPEs and Li/OPEs interface chemistry were investigated through ex situ and in situ techniques, and the cause for this incompatibility was revealed to be the highly resistive and inhomogeneous interfaces. Further, a nitriding interface strategy was proposed to ameliorate this issue and a Li metal anode with an improved Li cycling stability (300 h) and dendrite-free morphology is achieved. Meanwhile, the full batteries coupled with nickel-rich cathodes, such as LiNi<sub>0.8</sub> Co<sub>0.1</sub> Mn<sub>0.1</sub> O<sub>2</sub> , show excellent cycling stability and outstanding safety (passed the nail penetration test). This successful nitriding-interface strategy paves a new way to handle the incompatibility between electrode and electrolyte.
Mechanism of 3-Methylanthranilic Acid Derepression of the Tryptophan Operon in Escherichia coli (1970)

3-Methylanthranilic acid (3MA) inhibits growth and causes derepression of the tryptophan biosynthetic enzymes in wild-type strains of Escherichia coli. Previous reports attributed this effect to an inhibition of the conversion of 1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1-deoxyribulose 5-phosphate to indole-3-glycerol phosphate and a consequent reduction in the concentration of endogenous tryptophan. Our studies have shown that 3MA-resistant mutants linked to the tryptophan operon have a feedback-resistant anthranilate synthetase; mutants with an altered indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthetase were not found. 3MA or 7-methylindole can be metabolized to 7-methyltryptophan, and 3MA, 7-methylindole, and 7-methyltryptophan lead to derepression of the tryptophan operon. Furthermore, 3MA-resistant mutants are also resistant to 7-methylindole derepression. These results strongly suggest that the primary cause of derepression by 3MA is through its conversion to 7-methyltryptophan, which can inhibit anthranilate synthetase, thereby decreasing the concentration of endogenous tryptophan. Unlike 5- or 6-methyltryptophan, 7-methyltryptophan does not appear to function as an active corepressor.