gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Changes in the expression of N‐acetylglucosaminyltransferase III, IV, V associated with the differentiation of HL‐60 cells (1987)

By use of a new assay method based on HPLC, GlcNAc-transferase III, IV and V activities were determined in HL-60 cells, differentiated HL-60 cells and normal myeloid cells. Differentiation along the monocytic lineage with 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 resulted in increased GlcNAc-transferase IV and decreased GlcNAc-transferase III activity. Differentiation along the myeloid lineage with retinoic acid resulted in a decrease in GlcNAc-transferase III activity. Although differentiated HL-60 cells show a changed GlcNAc-transferase pattern, they do not resemble normal myeloid cells. Macrophages and granulocytes are characterized by a very low level of GlcNAc-transferase III activity whereas differentiated HL-60 cells still contain this activity. This is the first demonstration of GlcNAc-transferase IV and V activity in a human cell.
Depletion of the In2O3(001) and (111) surface electron accumulation by an oxygen plasma surface treatment (2011)

Using x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and current-voltage (I-V) measurements of Hg contacts we show that the surface electron accumulation layer of In2O3 can be removed by an oxygen plasma treatment. For the untreated sample, XPS measured a downward band bending toward the surface and a conduction band peak, and the I-V curve was linear which indicated the presence of a surface accumulation layer. After the treatment an upward bending, the absence of the conduction band peak, and a nonlinear I-V curve indicated the absence of the surface accumulation layer. The sheet resistance of the surface accumulation layer of &amp;gt;45 kΩ was deduced from the increase of the total sheet resistance upon the treatment. The removal of the surface electron accumulation layer opens up the possibility to use Schottky contacts for electrical characterization and device applications of semiconducting In2O3.
Thermal plasma radiation in Ar-H2-He mixtures (2008)

International audience
Evidence that endurance exercise improves cardiac function in POLG mice (2019)

Aging is caused by a variety of factors, but a common thread is impaired function in the organelle central to cellular metabolism and energy production: the mitochondrion. Each cell contains ~500–1000 mitochondria (depending on tissue) and each mitochondrion contains its own DNA (~2–10 copies). The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) accumulate mutations with age in several species including humans and it has long been suggested that mitochondria are central to human aging. Highlighting the crucial role of mitochondria to aging, a genetic lesion that increases mtDNA damage causes premature aging. This lesion resulted in a residue substitution (D257A) in the highly conserved exonuclease domain of the sole mammalian mtDNA polymerase, POLG, impairing its proofreading ability. Homozygous knock‐in mice with the POLG‐D257A substitution (POLG mice) show a profound aging syndrome with reduced life span and premature aging including weight loss, decreased subcutaneous fat, alopecia, kyphosis, osteoporosis, anemia, reduced fertility, and cardiac dysfunction. Recently endurance exercise was shown to reverse this aging syndrome. Here the exercise protocol was repeated and followed by measurements of blood and cardiac function. Aging in POLG mice was associated with reduced levels of hemoglobin and white blood cells. Endurance exercise failed to prevent age‐related changes. By contrast, many cardiac parameters as measured by high‐resolution echocardiography showed statistically significant differences between young and old sedentary POLG mice. Statistically significant differences were also found between old POLG mice that were either sedentary or exercised. The results indicate that exercise improves some measures of cardiac dysfunction in POLG mice and suggest that interventions may exist to overcome the deleterious effects of mtDNA damage. Support or Funding Information This study was funded by a grant from Breakout Labs to CyteGen Corp. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Peptide-Based Targeting of the L-Type Calcium Channel Corrects the Loss-of-Function Phenotype of Two Novel Mutations of the CACNA1 Gene Associated With Brugada Syndrome (2021)

Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an inherited arrhythmogenic disease that may lead to sudden cardiac death in young adults with structurally normal hearts. No pharmacological therapy is available for BrS patients. This situation highlights the urgent need to overcome current difficulties by developing novel groundbreaking curative strategies. BrS has been associated with mutations in 18 different genes of which loss-of-function (LoF) <i>CACNA1C</i> mutations constitute the second most common cause. Here we tested the hypothesis that BrS associated with mutations in the <i>CACNA1C</i> gene encoding the L-type calcium channel (LTCC) pore-forming unit (Ca<sub>v</sub>α1.2) is functionally reverted by administration of a mimetic peptide (MP), which through binding to the LTCC chaperone beta subunit (Ca<sub>v</sub>β2) restores the physiological life cycle of aberrant LTCCs. Two novel Ca<sub>v</sub>α1.2 mutations associated with BrS were identified in young individuals. Transient transfection in heterologous and cardiac cells showed LoF phenotypes with reduced Ca<sup>2+</sup> current (I<sub>Ca</sub>). In HEK293 cells overexpressing the two novel Ca<sub>v</sub>α1.2 mutations, Western blot analysis and cell surface biotinylation assays revealed reduced Ca<sub>v</sub>α1.2 protein levels at the plasma membrane for both mutants. Nano-BRET, Nano-Luciferase assays, and confocal microscopy analyses showed (i) reduced affinity of Ca<sub>v</sub>α1.2 for its Ca<sub>v</sub>β2 chaperone, (ii) shortened Ca<sub>v</sub>α1.2 half-life in the membrane, and (iii) impaired subcellular localization. Treatment of Ca<sub>v</sub>α1.2 mutant-transfected cells with a cell permeant MP restored channel trafficking and physiologic channel half-life, thereby resulting in I<sub>Ca</sub> similar to wild type. These results represent the first step towards the development of a gene-specific treatment for BrS due to defective trafficking of mutant LTCC.
The Ionization of Water Vapor by Electron Impact (1933)

Products and processes of ionization in water vapor have been studied with the apparatus previously used by Smyth and Stueckelberg for other gases. Results of previous investigators have been confirmed and extended. Two I. P.'s for ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}^{+}$ are reported, 12.7, and 16.0 volts. Other positive ions in much smaller numbers appear as follows: ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ at 18.9, O${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ at 18.9, ${\mathrm{H}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}^{+}$ with ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}^{+}$, ${\mathrm{O}}^{+}$ at 18.5, ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}^{+}$ at 33.5, and ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}^{+}$ (very weak). The probable processes of ionization involved are discussed. Negative ions observed include O${\mathrm{H}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, ${\mathrm{O}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, and ${\mathrm{H}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$. Lozier's observation of a critical electron speed for the formation of ${\mathrm{H}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ is confirmed and discussed.
Link Regimes Analysis for Partial Decode-Forward Two-Way Relay Transmission (2017)

We propose a composite decode-forward (DF) scheme for the two-way relay channel in the full-duplex mode by combining coherent, independent, and partial relaying strategies. The relay partially decodes each user's information in each block and forwards this information coherently with the source user to the destination user in the next block as in block Markov coding. In addition, the relay independently broadcasts a binning index of both users' decoded information parts in the next block as in independent network coding. Each technique has a different impact on the relay power usage and the rate region. We further consider the independent and partial DF scheme for its more practical channel state information requirements, and derive in closed-form link regimes when this scheme achieves a strictly larger rate region than just time sharing between its constituent techniques, direct transmission, and independent DF relaying, and when it reduces to a simpler scheme. The analytical approach is based on maximizing the weighted composite DF sum rate and comparing with the outermost time-sharing line connecting corner points of rate regions of the constituent techniques. Numerical results demonstrate significant rate gains by performing link adaptation of the composite scheme based on the identified link regimes.
Control of a Mobile Pendulum System for a Boxing Robot Game (2008)

This paper presents control tasks of a mobile pendulum like boxing robot which has two arms and two wheels. The boxing robot has the similar structure of the mobile inverted pendulum system that has to balance the angle of the body with two wheels. Not only balancing the angle but also controlling the position of the mobile inverted pendulum system is required. For robust control behavior under disturbances such as hits, the neural network controller is used for the boxing robot system. For the boxing game application, the robot is controlled by a wireless communication module. Experimental results show successful control performances of regulating both the angle and the position of the boxing robot. The robot can even climb the inclined surface.
Digital speckle pattern interferometry for deformation analysis of inner surfaces of cylindrical specimens (2004)

Deformation study of curved engineering and technical surfaces, such as pipes and pressure vessels, has gained much importance in the recent past. Speckle interferometric techniques and their electronic and digital analogs, which are whole field techniques, have been effectively applied for practical nondestructive testing applications over the years. However, little work has been done that discusses the speckle fringe formation with a fruitful theoretical formulation to study deformation analysis of curved surfaces. We propose an extended theory for speckle fringe formation on curved surfaces, which can be applied to the study of curved engineering and technical specimens under various loading conditions such as in-plane, out-of-plane, and out-of-plane shear configurations. Simulated contours are generated by use of finite element models with similar loading conditions, and the data are analyzed and compared with the obtained experimental results.
Transformation of freshwater and marine caulobacters by electroporation (1991)

We performed plasmid electrotransformation of Caulobacter crescentus strains and obtained up to 3 x 10(8) transformants per micrograms of pKT230. The presence and integrity of the paracrystalline protein surface (S) layer influenced electroporation; caulobacters lacking the S layer were electrotransformed 10 times more efficiently than caulobacters possessing the S layers. A procedure yielding 1,500 transformants per micrograms of pKT230 was developed for a marine caulobacter. Electroporation was used in combination with several genetic techniques, including introduction of ligation mixtures, suicide transposon mutagenesis, gene replacement, and plasmid electrotransfer from Escherichia coli to caulobacters.
GRB170817A/GW170817 is not a short gamma-ray burst, most likely an intermediate one (2017)

GRB170817A associated with the LIGO-Virgo GW170817 neutron-star merger event lacks the short duration and hard spectrum expected of a Short gamma-ray burst (GRB) from long-standing classification models. Classifying this burst correctly requires comparison with other GRBs detected by Fermi GBM. The Fermi GBM catalog provides a large database with many measured variables that can be used to explore gamma-ray burst classification. Our aim is to classify Fermi GRBs and test whether or not GRB170817A belongs - as suggested - to the Short GRB class. We use statistical techniques to look for clustering in a sample of 1298 gamma-ray bursts described by duration and spectral hardness. Classification of the detected bursts shows that GRB170817A belongs to the Intermediate, rather than the Short GRB class. GRB170817A does not appear to fit into a simple phenomenological classification scheme. Recently, it was suggested that GRB170817A/GW170817 may be a member of a new Short GRB sub-class. Here we show that this proposed sub-class is the Intermediate one, as discovered earlier.
A Versatile Synthesis of Fused Triazolo Derivatives by Sequential Ugi/Alkyne—Azide Cycloaddition Reactions. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
DeepMimic (2018)

A longstanding goal in character animation is to combine data-driven specification of behavior with a system that can execute a similar behavior in a physical simulation, thus enabling realistic responses to perturbations and environmental variation. We show that well-known reinforcement learning (RL) methods can be adapted to learn robust control policies capable of imitating a broad range of example motion clips, while also learning complex recoveries, adapting to changes in morphology, and accomplishing user-specified goals. Our method handles keyframed motions, highly-dynamic actions such as motion-captured flips and spins, and retargeted motions. By combining a motion-imitation objective with a task objective, we can train characters that react intelligently in interactive settings, e.g., by walking in a desired direction or throwing a ball at a user-specified target. This approach thus combines the convenience and motion quality of using motion clips to define the desired style and appearance, with the flexibility and generality afforded by RL methods and physics-based animation. We further explore a number of methods for integrating multiple clips into the learning process to develop multi-skilled agents capable of performing a rich repertoire of diverse skills. We demonstrate results using multiple characters (human, Atlas robot, bipedal dinosaur, dragon) and a large variety of skills, including locomotion, acrobatics, and martial arts.
Infrared Free Electron Laser Induced Angioplasty for Arteriosclerotic Region of Blood Vessels (2004)

In order to estimate the optimum laser conditions for efficient dissociation of cholesterol ester in an arteriosclerotic region of blood vessels, we have investigated the relationship between laser wavelength and power density on cholesterol ester dissociation using a mid infrared free electron laser (MIR‐FEL). In this study, cholesteryl oleate, which is a typical cholesterol ester found in arteriosclerotic regions, was irradiated with 5.75‐μm‐FELs, which cause vibration of ester bonds. Two results were obtained. (1) Ester dissociated depending on the absorption coefficient, and the macropulse duration was shorter than the thermal relaxation time, showing that ester bonds dissociated into carboxylic acid and cholesterol by macropulse‐induced thermal effects without accompanying thermal diffusion, (2) Using a wavelength of 5.75 μm, the maximum ester dissociation ratio was achieved under the optimum laser conditions of a macropulse energy density of 0.4–1.0 J/cm2. We conclude that MIR pulsed‐lasers with a wavelength of 5.75 μm can be useful for removal of cholesteryl ester in an arteriosclerotic region of blood vessels.
Bulky Amidinate Complexes of Tin(IV). Synthesis and Structure of Sn(RNC(R‘)NR)2Cl2 (R = Cyclohexyl, R‘ = H, Me; R = SiMe3, R‘ = tBu) (1997)

Reaction of 2 equiv of lithium dicyclohexylformamidinate with SnCl4 afforded the new species Sn(CyNC(H)NCy)2Cl2 (Cy = cyclohexyl) (1). Addition of MeLi and tBuLi to CyNCNCy and Me3SiNCCSiMe3, respectively, provided an entry to the high-yield syntheses of Sn(CyNC(Me)NCy)2Cl2 (2) and Sn(Me3SiNC(CMe3)NSiMe3)2Cl2 (3). Spectroscopic and elemental analysis confirmed the formulas of these new species. Compounds 1 and 3 were further characterized by X-ray crystallography and shown to possess distorted octahedral coordination geometries of the metal center with the cis-dichloride groups. The structural determination of 3 represents the first structural confirmation of the new bulky amidinate ligand (Me3SiNC(CMe3)NSiMe3)-. Comparison of the solution structures of 1−3 was provided by NMR spectroscopy, which showed that while 1 was fluxional at room temperature, 2 and 3 exhibited restricted fluxionality. Differences in the solid state structures of 1 and 3 were attributed to the steric interactions within the ligands. Crystal data for 1: orthorhombic, Pnca, a = 17.553(5) Å, b = 20.275(9) Å, c = 9.757(6) Å; empirical formula SnCl2N4C26H46(toluene), RF 0.044, Rw 0.051. Crystal data for 3: monoclinic P21/n, a = 13.515(8) Å, b = 16.179(8) Å, c = 15.974(4) Å, β = 97.69(6)°, empirical formula SnCl2Si4N4C22H54, RF 0.032, Rw 0.045.
MiR-9, miR-21, and miR-155 as potential biomarkers for HPV positive and negative cervical cancer (2017)

There is a strong demand for additional, alternative molecular biomarkers for diagnosis and management of precancer patients. MiR-21 and miR-155 may be helpful in the prediction of both HPV positive and HPV negative cases of cervical cancer.
Mustards-Derived Terpyridine–Platinum Complexes as Anticancer Agents: DNA Alkylation vs Coordination (2021)

The development of bifunctional platinum complexes with the ability to interact with DNA <i>via</i> different binding modes is of interest in anticancer metallodrug research. Therefore, we report platinum(II) terpyridine complexes to target DNA by coordination and/or through a tethered alkylating moiety. The platinum complexes were evaluated for their <i>in vitro</i> antiproliferative properties against the human cancer cell lines HCT116 (colorectal), SW480 (colon), NCI-H460 (non-small cell lung), and SiHa (cervix) and generally exhibited potent antiproliferative activity although lower than their respective terpyridine ligands. <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopy and/or ESI-MS studies on the aqueous stability and reactivity with various small biomolecules, acting as protein and DNA model compounds, were used to establish potential modes of action for these complexes. These investigations indicated rapid binding of complex <b>PtL3</b> to the biomolecules through coordination to the Pt center, while <b>PtL4</b> in addition alkylated 9-ethylguanine. <b>PtL3</b> was investigated for its reactivity to the model protein hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) by protein crystallography which allowed identification of the N<sup>δ1</sup> atom of His15 as the binding site.
Evolutionary multi-objective optimization to attain practically desirable solutions (2013)

This work investigates two methods to search practically desirable solutions expanding the objective space with additional fitness functions associated to particular decision variables. The aim is to find solutions around preferred values of the chosen variables while searching for optimal solutions in the original objective space. Solutions to be practically desirable are constrained to be within a certain distance from the present non-dominated solutions set computed in the original objective space. The proposed methods are compared with an algorithm that simply restricts the range of decision variables around the preferred values and an algorithm that expands the space without constraining the distance from optimality. Our results show that the proposed methods can effectively find practically desirable solutions.
Segmentation of the left and right cardiac ventricle using a combined bi-temporal statistical model (2006)

The manual segmentation and analysis of high-resolution multislice cardiac CT datasets is both labor intensive and time consuming. Therefore it is necessary to supply the cardiologist with powerful software tools to segment the myocardium as well as the cardiac cavities and to compute the relevant diagnostic parameters. In this paper we present an automatic cardiac segmentation procedure with minimal user interaction. It is based on a combined bi-temporal statistical model of the left and right ventricle using the principal component analysis (PCA) as well as the independent component analysis (ICA) to model global and local shape variation. To train the model we used manually drawn end-diastolic as well as end-systolic contours of the right epi- and of the left and right endocardium to create triangular surfaces of training datasets. These surfaces were used to build a mean triangular surface model of the left and right ventricle for the end-diastolic and end-systolic heart phase and to compute the PCA and ICA decorrelation matrices which are used in a point distribution model (PDM) to model the global and local shape variations. In contrast to many previous attempts of model based cardiac segmentation we do not create separate models for the left and the right ventricle and for different heart phases, but instead create one single parameter vector containing the information of both ventricles and both heart phases. This enables us to use the correlation between the phases and between left and right side to create a model which is more robust and less sensitive e.g. to poor contrast at the right ventricle.
Resistance of Tomato Subsamples to Bemisia tabaci Biotype B (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) (2011)

Whitefly ( Bemisia tabaci ) causes damage to tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) and is controlled by insecticides harmful to man and the environment. Development of resistant cultivars is ideal for whitefly management, with alternate genetic sources being indispensable. Germplasm banks are potentially good sources of resistant cultivars. Agronomic characteristics of the tomato subsamples from the Horticultural Germplasm Bank (HGB) at Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) have been typified but little is known about their insect resistance. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the resistance of 103 HGB‐UFV tomato subsamples to B. tabaci as well evaluate the resistance mechanism. The characteristics of the subsamples evaluated were the number of nymphs and eggs per plant and the resistance index compared with the susceptible cultivar Santa Clara, arbitrarily chosen as the susceptible standard. The trichome number per 0.04 cm 2 of the leaf blades and 15 leaf hydrocarbon concentrations were also determined. Resistant subsamples were submitted to antibiosis test and the mortality (%) and life cycle of the B. tabaci were evaluated. The difference in the number of eggs per plant, nymphs per plant, and nymph/egg ratio in the tomato subsamples was evaluated. A positive correlation was observed between the hydrocarbons undecane and tridecane with B. tabaci nymphs. Significant and positive differences in the trichome per 0.04‐cm 2 density were found between the trichome density and the number of eggs per plant. The subsamples HGB‐225, ‐327, ‐630, ‐813, ‐985, ‐2029, ‐2030, ‐2055, ‐2057, ‐2060, ‐2062, and ‐2068 were resistant to B. tabaci biotype B through antixenosis and antibiosis resistance mechanisms.