gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fig. S3 from <i>Hes1</i> Is Essential in Proliferating Ductal Cell–Mediated Development of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Relative mRNA expression levels of downstream effectors of Notch signaling in the liver tissues of 8-week-old Albcre and Albcre; RosaNotchOE/+ mice.&lt;/p&gt;
A Technique to Harvest the Inferior Epigastric Arteries for Coronary Bypass Procedures (1991)

The demonstrated superior long-term patency of the internal mammary artery (IMA) over the saphenous vein (SV) has prompted the use of other arterial grafts, particularly for younger patients and patients without a suitable SV. We have used the single or bilateral inferior epigastric arteries (IEA) as a detached arterial conduit in 27 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass operations (CABG). In this report we describe the surgical anatomy of the IEA, preoperative noninvasive evaluation by duplex scan, our harvesting technique, and early surgical experience.
The Crystal Structure of Glutamyl Endopeptidase fromBacillus intermediusReveals a Structural Link between Zymogen Activation and Charge Compensation (2004)

Extracellular glutamyl endopeptidase from Bacillus intermedius (BIEP) is a chymotrypsin-like serine protease which cleaves the peptide bond on the carboxyl side of glutamic acid. Its three-dimensional structure was determined for C222(1) and C2 crystal forms of BIEP to 1.5 and 1.75 A resolution, respectively. The topology of BIEP diverges from the most common chymotrypsin architecture, because one of the domains consists of a beta-sandwich consisting of two antiparallel beta-sheets and two helices. In the C2 crystals, a 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol (MPD) molecule was found in the substrate binding site, mimicking a glutamic acid. This enabled the identification of the residues involved in the substrate recognition. The presence of the MPD molecule causes a change in the active site; the interaction between two catalytic residues (His47 and Ser171) is disrupted. The N-terminal end of the enzyme is involved in the formation of the substrate binding pocket. This indicates a direct relation between zymogen activation and substrate charge compensation.
Recursive moving window DFT algorithm (1990)

A recursive algorithm is presented for computing the discrete Fourier transform (DFT). The algorithm is developed for a moving-window-type processing. The computational structure is fully concurrent and allows a vectorized updating of the DFT. The total time required for the updating could be as low as that of only one multiplication and two additions, regardless of the number of points. A possible structure for executing the computations is developed, and possible enhancements are analyzed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
High-Efficiency Random Fiber Laser Based on Strong Random Fiber Grating for MHz Ultrasonic Sensing (2020)

An Erbium-gain random fiber laser based on a strong random fiber grating (RFG) is experimentally demonstrated and applied to MHz ultrasound wave detection. The strong RFG with up to −10 dB reflectivity as well as a highly-doped Erbium doped fiber (HD-EDF) enabled a highly efficient random laser radiation with 1-kHz narrow linewidth. With the RFG as the feedback and the sensing head, both burst and continuous ultrasonic signals of up to 8 MHz can be demodulated by dynamics analysis from the random lasing emission. Results show that the detected signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 5.1 MHz ultrasound signal remains larger than 43 dB. The proposed random fiber laser sensor provides a broad ultrasonic bandwidth, high sensitivity, simple structure, low cost and robustness to the harsh environment, suggesting prospective applications for ultrasonic wave-associated acoustic emission (AE) detection in structure health monitoring and biomedical diagnosis.
High input range sense comparator for multilevel Flash memories (2004)

This paper presents the experimental evaluation of a fully-differential offset-compensated voltage comparator designed for use in multilevel (ML) Flash memory sensing. The comparator is made up by an input buffering stage followed by a gain stage that performs a regenerative action. The input stage, which must provide high input common mode range, is powered by a high-voltage supply V/sub PP/, while the gain stage is operated from the standard supply V/sub DD/, thus limiting current drawing from V/sub PP/. The circuit has been integrated in a 0.13-/spl mu/m triple-well Flash CMOS process. The experimental evaluation showed an overall comparison time of 35 ns with an input signal of 10 mV and a current consumption of 15 /spl mu/A from V/sub PP/. These results make the proposed solution well suited for ML sensing.
Implicit operators for networked mechanical and thermal systems with integer-order components (2016)

Complex systems are composed of a large number of simple components connected to each other in the form of a network. It is shown that, for some network configurations, the equivalent dynamic behavior of the system is governed by an implicit integro-differential operator even though the individual components themselves satisfy equations that use explicit operators of integer order. The networks considered here are infinite trees and ladders, and each is composed only of two types of integer-order components with potential-driven flows that are repeated ad infinitum. In special cases the equivalent operator for the system is a fractional-order derivative, but in general it is implicit and can only be expressed as a solution of an operator equation. These implicit operators, which are a generalization of fractional-order derivatives, play an important role in the analysis and modeling of complex systems.
Modelling directionality of photoreceptors in the human eye as a function of monochromatic aberrations (2002)

The cone photoreceptors of the retina are directed towards the centre of the eye's pupil. It has been suggested that the photoreceptors directionality is linked to the optical aberrations induced by the cornea and crystalline lens in the eye. We show that the cone directionality can be modelled by a two-dimensional Gaussian function whose parameters vary according to the measured monochromatic aberrations of the eye. Our modelling is based on a hypothesis that cones directionality is optimised so that resulting quality of the retinal image is maximised. This criterion is equivalent to maximising the energy of the system response. This methodology might also be used in cost-effective automatic image enhancement systems for correcting higher-order aberrations without the need of applying adaptive optics.
The synthetic cannabinoid WIN55,212‐2 attenuates hyperalgesia and allodynia in a rat model of neuropathic pain (2001)

The analgesic properties of the synthetic cannabinoid WIN55,212-2 were investigated in a model of neuropathic pain. In male Wistar rats, bilateral hind limb withdrawal thresholds to cold, mechanical and noxious thermal stimuli were measured. Following this, unilateral L5 spinal nerve ligation was performed. Seven days later, sensory thresholds were reassessed and the development of allodynia to cold and mechanical stimuli and hyperalgesia to a noxious thermal stimulus confirmed. The effect of WIN55,212-2 (0.1 - 5.0 mg kg(-1), i.p.) on the signs of neuropathy was then determined; there was a dose related reversal of all three signs of painful neuropathy at doses which did not generally alter sensory thresholds in the contralateral unligated limb. This effect was prevented by co-administration of the CB(1) receptor antagonist SR141716a, but not by co-administration of the CB(2) receptor antagonist SR144528, suggesting this action of WIN55,212-2 is mediated via the CB(1) receptor. Administration of SR141716a alone had no affect on the observed allodynia and hyperalgesia, which does not support the concept of an endogenous analgesic tone. These data indicate that cannabinoids may have therapeutic potential in neuropathic pain, and that this effect is mediated through the CB(1) receptor.
Regional and global contributions of air pollution to risk of death from COVID-19 (2020)

Our results suggest that air pollution is an important cofactor increasing the risk of mortality from COVID-19. This provides extra motivation for combining ambitious policies to reduce air pollution with measures to control the transmission of COVID-19.
Diagnostic Outcome of Bone Marrow Aspiration in a Tertiary Hospital in Ondo State, Nigeria (2021)

Bone marrow examination is a vital study carried out to attain a positive diagnosis of hematological disorders in a resource low income country like Nigeria specifically in Ondo state. Bone marrow is a main spot of hematopoiesis. It is also a major tool used in diagnosis of non-hematological disorders. The main aim of this study is to examine the outcome of bone marrow aspiration in Ondo state. A retrospective 8 years study was carried out between 2012 till 2020 at the University of medical sciences (former Kidney care center, Trauma center and State specialist hospital, Akure) Ondo state. Age, sex, location of patients, bleeding disorders, various indications and diagnosis were analysed using SPSS version 23. A total of 115 bone marrow aspirations were done at University of medical sciences, Ondo. Majority of the patients were male (58.3%) while 41.7% were females. Most are aged above 45 (46.1%). The most common indication was Anaemia specifically the moderate anaemia (52.2%). Commonest diagnostic findings in our study was Leukemia (42%) followed by Megaloblastic anaemia and Multiple myeloma (12.1%). Given the increase in the prevalence of Megaloblastic anaemia and Iron deficiency anemia globally, our study showed high prevalence rate of leukemia specifically chronic myeloid leukemia. The predominance of leukemia among diagnostic findings in our study has been related to the proximity to tertiary health facility. Low number of cases of other diagnostic findings can be due to lack of accessibility to an improved health center especially those in the rural areas and low population of people in the state. Early diagnosis should be done for effective management of these hematological disorders. Good family support and improved health care system with well trained personnel will help in management of the disease.
A 0.0046-mm2 Two-Step Incremental Delta–Sigma Analog-to-Digital Converter Neuronal Recording Front End With 120-mVpp Offset Compensation (2022)

This article presents a recording front end for high-density CMOS neuronal probes with in situ digitization and electrode offset voltage compensation. The analog front end (AFE) is based on a continuous-time (CT) two-step (TS) incremental delta–sigma ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{I}\Delta \Sigma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with an extended counting technique and features an input offset voltage compensation of 120 mVpp. Hardware sharing in the TS quantization process allows the integration of the front end in an area of only 0.0046 mm 2 and, thus, directly under the recording electrodes on the shank of a probe in 180-nm CMOS. The average integrated noise is as low as 4.88 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{V}_{\text {rms}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> , 4.46 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{V}_{\text {rms}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> , and 2.51 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{V}_{\text {rms}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in the full bandwidth of 0 Hz–10 kHz, in the frequency band of action potentials (AP, 0.3–10 kHz) and local field potentials (LFP, 0.5 Hz–1 kHz), respectively. Each recording front end consumes 8.57 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> , and transmitting the digitized data to an external host needs additionally 6.05 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> per channel.
Molecule–Lead Coupling at Molecular Junctions: Relation between the Real- and State-Space Perspectives (2015)

We present insights into the lead-molecule coupling scheme in molecular electronics junctions. Using a "site-to-state" transformation that provides direct access to the coupling matrix elements between the molecular states and the eigenstate manifold of each lead, we find coupling bands whose character depends on the geometry and dimensionality of the lead. We use a standard tight-binding model to elucidate the origin of the coupling bands and explain their nature via simple "particle-in-a-box" type considerations. We further show that these coupling bands can shed light on the charge transport behavior of the junction. The picture presented in this study is not limited to the case of molecular electronics junctions and is relevant to any scenario where a finite molecular entity is coupled to a (semi)infinite system.
Synthetic Studies Probing Elansolid Biosynthesis: A para‐Quinone‐Methide‐Triggered Intramolecular Diels–Alder Reaction (2017)

The elansolids A1/A2 and B1–B3 are secondary metabolites formed by the gliding bacterium Chitinophaga sancti . They show antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive bacteria. It has been proposed that the biosynthesis of the tetrahydroindane unit involves an intramolecular Diels–Alder cycloaddition (IMDA). To study the biosynthetic proposal, the influence of an oxygen functionality at C‐20, the regiochemistry of the allylic alcohol precursor, and the nature of the phenol group were investigated. The oxygen functionality at C‐20 has a profound effect on the outcome of this reaction, resulting in a Prins‐type reaction cascade initiated by a p ‐quinone methide intermediate, and leading to an unexpected cycloadduct. The corresponding 20‐deoxy precursor, as suggested for the naturally occurring IMDA precursor smoothly yields the desired IMDA product as a mixture of two endo products. These results support the hypothesis that nature probably uses an intramolecular Diels–Alder cycloaddition to generate the bicyclic core of the elansolids starting from a 20‐deoxygenated precursor.
Association of ADIPOQ variants with type 2 diabetes mellitus susceptibility in ethnic Han Chinese from northeast China (2016)

The present results confirm the association between ADIPOQ variants and type 2 diabetes mellitus in northeastern China. However, additional larger replication studies are required to validate these findings.
Neuroimmune Crosstalk in CNS Disorders: The Histamine Connection (2016)

The neuroimmune system represents a dense network of biochemical signals associated with neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, neurohormones, cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors synthesized in neurons, glial cells and immune cells, to maintain systemic homeostasis. Endogenous and/or exogenous, noxious stimuli in any tissue are captured by sensor cells to inform the brain; likewise, signals originating at the central nervous system (CNS) level are transmitted to peripheral immune effectors which react to central stimuli. This multidirectional information system makes it possible for the CNS to respond to peripheral damage and for alterations in brain function to be reflected in peripheral immune changes. Different CNS disorders, such as anxiety, depression, psychosis, stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, migraine, epilepsy, vascular dementia, mental retardation, cerebrovascular encephalopathy, multiple sclerosis, brain tumors, cranial nerve neuropathies, mental retardation and post-traumatic brain injury exhibit changes in CD3, CD4, CD7, HLA-DR, CD25, CD28, and CD56 immune markers. Histamine is an important pleiotropic factor in neuroimmune regulation. This biogenic amine shows age-and sex-dependent changes in the CNS, and is significantly altered, together with interleukin- 1β and TNF-α, in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders in which neuroinflammation appears to be an aggravating phenotype. Therapeutic intervention to halt progression of deleterious neuroinflammatory reactions in CNS disorders is a major challenge for molecular pharmacology in the future.
Clinical Experience With Programable Controllers (1999)

One of the greatest advancements in powered uppet extremity posthetics has been the advent of "programmable" controllers. These programmable controllas are allowing new operational strategies to be designed and implemented for upper extremity patient populations. Previously, existing technology provided basic functional abilities but continued to limit maximum functional restoration of upper extremity use following amputation and prosthetic fitting. Any additional changes to the "control strategy" of the prosthetic system meant changing hardware with additional costs. This was not a cost-effective treatment protocol for the provider's who were reluctant to explore available options. With these limitations, many patients were forced to adapt to decreased functional capabilities with inadequate piosthetic systems or without the assistance of any prosthesis.\nProgrammable controllets have enhanced the rate and functional abilities of the upper extremity amputee by providing progressive adaptation throughout the rehabilitation process. Input, output and control parameters are optimized as functional demands are increased. For example, the system can be initially setup for ease of use and training and later optimized for function as signal strength and abilities increase.\nTwo patient cases will be presented Case 1 utilizes a single-site myoelectric control, harness pull switch for mode select controlling an electric elbow, wrist and hand (or Greifer). Case 2 utilizes a single-site myoelectric control, nudge "rocker" switch for mode select to control the electric wrist and hand (or Greifer).
AdaInt: Learning Adaptive Intervals for 3D Lookup Tables on Real-time Image Enhancement (2022)

The 3D Lookup Table (3D LUT) is a highly-efficient tool for real-time image enhancement tasks, which models a non-linear 3D color transform by sparsely sampling it into a discretized 3D lattice. Previous works have made efforts to learn image-adaptive output color values of LUTs for flexible enhancement but neglect the importance of sampling strategy. They adopt a sub-optimal uniform sampling point allocation, limiting the expressiveness of the learned LUTs since the (tri-)linear interpolation between uniform sampling points in the LUT transform might fail to model local non-linearities of the color transform. Focusing on this problem, we present AdaInt (Adaptive Intervals Learning), a novel mechanism to achieve a more flexible sampling point allocation by adaptively learning the non-uniform sampling intervals in the 3D color space. In this way, a 3D LUT can increase its capability by conducting dense sampling in color ranges requiring highly non-linear transforms and sparse sampling for near-linear transforms. The proposed AdaInt could be implemented as a compact and efficient plug-and-play module for a 3D LUT-based method. To enable the end-to-end learning of AdaInt, we design a novel differentiable operator called AiLUT-Transform (Adaptive Interval LUT Transform) to locate input colors in the non-uniform 3D LUT and provide gradients to the sampling intervals. Experiments demonstrate that methods equipped with AdaInt can achieve state-of-the-art performance on two public benchmark datasets with a negligible overhead increase. Our source code is available at https://github.com/ImCharlesY/AdaInt.
Inhibition of Kallikrein‐Related Peptidases 7 and 5 by Grafting Serpin Reactive‐Center Loop Sequences onto Sunflower Trypsin Inhibitor‐1 (SFTI‐1) (2015)

Serpin proteins irreversibly inhibit serine proteases, but only a small part of the serpin reactive-center loop (RCL) is responsible for the initial protein-protein interaction (PPI). To develop peptidic protease inhibitors, kallikrein-related peptidases 7 (KLK7) and 5 (KLK5) were chosen. Firstly, we demonstrated that short peptides derived from RCL sequences can be cleaved by KLK7 in a substrate-like manner. Next, these substrates were grafted onto the protease-binding loop of sunflower trypsin inhibitor-1 (SFTI-1). Peptides based on kallistatin, α1 -antichymotrypsin, and protein C inhibitor (PCI) inhibited KLK7 with Ki =0.4, 0.5, and 0.7 μm, respectively. In contrast, the trypsin-like KLK5 was only blocked by the peptide derived from PCI (Ki =0.6 μm). Thus, serpin function can be mimicked by introducing its PPI site into the rigid structure of the SFTI-1 scaffold. This approach might be applicable not only to KLKs but also to other serine protease members, thus opening up new therapeutic fields.
A Thermal Cycler Fabricated With Low Temperature, Co-Fired Ceramic Tapes (1999)

Abstract A thermal cycler fabricated with low temperature, co-fired, ceramic tapes is described. The monolithic device consisted of a flow conduit, a resistor (Joule) heater, a thermistor, and conductors. A microprocessor was used to control the device’s temperature according to a pre-programmed temperature protocol. The device’s thermal performance was modeled, and the theoretical predictions were compared with experimental observations. As an example of an application, the device was used to carry out a polymerase chain reaction in which a non detectable concentration of a DNA segment was sufficiently amplified so as to enable separation and detection by electrophoresis.
Optimal Small-Capacitor Biphasic Waveform for External Defibrillation (1998)

The waveforms with 70% phase-1 tilt were more efficacious than those with 30% and 50%. The relationship of phase-2 leading-edge voltage to defibrillation efficacy depended on phase-2 capacitance. The charge-burping model predicted the optimal external biphasic waveform.
ChemInform Abstract: Identification of an Unconventional Zinc Coordination Site in Anhydrous ZnxV2O5 Aerogels from X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Ultrathin, Molecular-Sieving Graphene Oxide Membranes for Selective Hydrogen Separation (2013)

Ultrathin, molecular-sieving membranes have great potential to realize high-flux, high-selectivity mixture separation at low energy cost. Current microporous membranes [pore size < 1 nanometer (nm)], however, are usually relatively thick. With the use of current membrane materials and techniques, it is difficult to prepare microporous membranes thinner than 20 nm without introducing extra defects. Here, we report ultrathin graphene oxide (GO) membranes, with thickness approaching 1.8 nm, prepared by a facile filtration process. These membranes showed mixture separation selectivities as high as 3400 and 900 for H2/CO2 and H2/N2 mixtures, respectively, through selective structural defects on GO.