gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-monitoring system based on erbium doped fiber ring laser for measurement of radiation dose and strain (2012)

We propose a sensing scheme of an erbium-doped fiber (EDF) ring laser for multi-monitoring of radiation dose and
strain simultaneously. The EDF and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) are exploited as sensing probes for simultaneous
measurement of radiation dose and strain. The output power and the lasing wavelength of the proposed EDF laser are
changed by increasing the radiation dose and strain, respectively. The radiation and strain sensitivities were measured to
be 8.4 dB/km•Gy and 0.81 pm/μe, respectively.
Rational design of a ligand-controlled protein conformational switch (2013)

Design of a regulatable multistate protein is a challenge for protein engineering. Here we design a protein with a unique topology, called uniRapR, whose conformation is controlled by the binding of a small molecule. We confirm switching and control ability of uniRapR in silico, in vitro, and in vivo. As a proof of concept, uniRapR is used as an artificial regulatory domain to control activity of kinases. By activating Src kinase using uniRapR in single cells and whole organism, we observe two unique phenotypes consistent with its role in metastasis. Activation of Src kinase leads to rapid induction of protrusion with polarized spreading in HeLa cells, and morphological changes with loss of cell-cell contacts in the epidermal tissue of zebrafish. The rational creation of uniRapR exemplifies the strength of computational protein design, and offers a powerful means for targeted activation of many pathways to study signaling in living organisms.
Significance of dsRNA Genetic Elements in Plant Pathogenic Fungi (1990)

Phenotypic variability involving morphology, synthesis of secondary metabo­ lites, or virulence is not uncommon in filamentous fungi. Efforts to explain this phenomenon have stimulated interest in extrachromal genetic elements such as mycoviruses, plasmids, or transposons as modulators of fungal gene expression. DNA plasmids are not prevalent in filamentous fungi, and the incidence of transposable elements has only recently been reported (62). In contrast, mycoviruses and related double-stranded (ds) RNA genetic elements are found associated with fungi at a very high frequency. Consequently, the . contribution of these genetic elements to phenotypic variability has come under increased scrutiny. The first fungal viruses were isolated from mushrooms in 1962 (57), followed six years later by the discovery of viruses in Penicilliumfuniculosum
Functional distinctions between MRL- lpr and MRL- gld lymphocytes. Normal cells reverse the gld but not lpr immunoregulatory defect. (1994)

Homozygosity for either of the autosomal recessive mutations, lpr or gld, confers an autoimmune syndrome characterized by massive lymphoid hyperplasia and extensive autoantibody production. Despite the similarities in disease progression, functional distinctions in these genetic defects have been observed in bone marrow transplantation studies. To elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the aberrant immune phenotype of these strains, we analyzed interactions between normal T cells and T cells from the two autoimmune strains with regard to their in vitro responses to autologous and allogeneic stimuli and in an in vivo bone marrow transplantation model. Despite similar propensities for lpr and gld T cells to spontaneously proliferate in vitro in response to autologous class II Ag, a dramatic difference in their immunoregulatory properties was found when mixtures of normal and autoimmune CD4+ responder cells were challenged with an allogeneic stimulus. T cells from the lpr, but not gld, mice blocked the normal T cell component of the response. In vivo, the ability of lpr stem cells to trigger a wasting syndrome when transplanted into normal irradiated recipients could not be prevented by including normal stem cells in the inoculum; however, the ability of gld stem cells to transfer the gld-lymphoproliferative syndrome to normal recipients could be prevented with the addition of normal stem cells. These results support a model whereby the lpr and gld strains are defective in reciprocal components of a down-regulatory signaling pathway; failure to express either the functional receptor or ligand leads to a dysregulated immune system resulting in systemic autoimmunity. Based on the linkage between the lpr locus and Fas Ag expression, we propose that the failure of lpr mice to express Fas results in overproduction of Fas-ligand, whereas gld mice fail to make either the Fas-ligand or a functionally related protein, presumably belonging to the TNF family.
Atomistic simulations of polar oxide surfaces (2012)

11th International Biorelated Polymer Symposium / 243rd National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS), San Diego, CA, MAR 25-29, 2012
Antioxidant Peptidic Particles for Delivery of Gallic Acid (2016)

A whey protein isolate (WPI) solution was hydrolyzed to a highly antioxidant hydrolysate (WPH) and particulated by ethanol addition to encapsulate gallic acid (GA). Particle-forming peptides were cross-linked with citric acid by several procedures including GA charging–cross-linking–desolvation (where the hydrolysate was charged with GA, then cross-linked with citric acid, and finally desolvated), cross-linking–GA charging–desolvation (where the hydrolysate was cross-linked, then charged with GA and finally desolvated), and GA charging–desolvation–cross-linking (where the hydrolysate was charged with GA, then desolvated to particles and finally particles were cross-linked with citric acid). The cross-linking–GA charging–desolvation method formed smaller particles and provided a higher encapsulation efficiency. ζ-Potential measurements showed that isoelectric point of all three kinds of peptidic particles was almost 4.3. Scanning electron microscopy indicated spherical and almost uniformly shaped particles. GA release kinetics and particle size monitoring informed that core is released mostly by a diffusion-based mechanism, not particle bursting. Practical Applications Results suggest that potentially bioactive peptides can be used as the matrix-forming biomaterial for the nanoencapsulation of gallic acid. The generated capsule has dual functional benefits by which a nutraceutical has been enclosed within another bioactive component. It can be employed at the formulation of value-added products.
Rapid detection of Van genes in rectal swabs by real time PCR in Southern Brazil (2011)

RT-PCR provides same day results, however it showed low sensitivity for VRE detection.
Combined Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and MIR Quantum Cascade Laser Reflectance Spectroscopy for Elemental and Molecular Characterization (2018)

We combine laser-based mid-infrared reflectance measurements using tunable quantum cascade lasers and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy to get both the elemental and molecular compositions of a sample. Results for mineral ore characterization are shown.
Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients With Autoimmune Conditions Treated With Systemic Therapies: A Population-based Study (2021)

Compared with the comparator cohort, patients with RA were at a higher risk of more severe or critical COVID-19 and, except for non-TNFi biologics, systemic therapies did not further increase the risk. (ENCePP; registration no. EU PAS 35384).
Integrated design for integrated photonics: from the physical to the circuit level and back (2013)

Silicon photonics is maturing rapidly on a technology basis, but design challenges are still prevalent. We discuss these challenges and explain how design of photonic integrated circuits needs to be handled on both the circuit as on the physical level. We also present a number of tools based on the IPKISS design framework.
How Green is Your Plasticizer? (2018)

Plasticizers are additives that are used to impart flexibility to polymer blends and improve their processability. Plasticizers are typically not covalently bound to the polymers, allowing them to leach out over time, which results in human exposure and environmental contamination. Phthalates, in particular, have been the subject of increasing concern due to their established ubiquity in the environment and their suspected negative health effects, including endocrine disrupting and anti-androgenic effects. As there is mounting pressure to find safe replacement compounds, this review addresses the design and experimental elements that should be considered in order for a new or existing plasticizer to be considered green. Specifically, a multi-disciplinary and holistic approach should be taken which includes toxicity testing (both in vitro and in vivo), biodegradation testing (with attention to metabolites), as well as leaching studies. Special consideration should also be given to the design stages of producing a new molecule and the synthetic and scale-up processes should also be optimized. Only by taking a multi-faceted approach can a plasticizer be considered truly green.
Binary watermarks: a practical method to address face recognition replay attacks on consumer mobile devices (2015)

Mobile devices (laptops, tablets, and smart phones) are ideal for the wide deployment of biometric authentication, such as face recognition. However, their uncontrolled use and distributed management increases the risk of remote compromise of the device by intruders or malicious programs. Such compromises may result in the device being used to capture the user's face image and replay it to gain unauthorized access to their online accounts, possibly from a different device. Replay attacks can be highly automated and are cheap to launch worldwide, as opposed to spoofing attacks which are relatively expensive as they must be tailored to each individual victim. In this paper, we propose a technique to address replay attacks for a face recognition system by embedding a binary watermark into the captured video. Our monochrome watermark provides high contrast between the signal states, resulting in a robust signal that is practical in a wide variety of environmental conditions. It is also robust to different cameras and tolerates relative movements well. In this paper, the proposed technique is validated on different subjects using several cameras in a variety of lighting conditions. In addition, we explore the limitations of current devices and environments that can negatively impact on performance, and propose solutions to reduce the impact of these limitations.
Characterization of Heavy Crude Oils, Their Fractions, and Hydrovisbroken Products by the Asphaltene Solubility Fraction Method (2011)

An improved method for the separation of asphaltene solubility fractions is presented and has been proven useful for the characterization of heavy crude oils and their fractions. Mixtures of heptane, dichloromethane, and methanol are used to obtain four different and well-defined asphaltene fractions with increasing solubility parameter. A good correlation (0.95) is found between the solubility fraction method and the gravimetric asphaltenes for virgin materials. For processed samples, the correlation depends upon the type of conversion process chosen [fluidized catalytic cracking, thermal cracking, or hydroprocessing]. The characterization of asphaltenes by the asphaltene solubility fraction method for a heavy oil feed and its visbroken products indicated that the low solubility parameter asphaltenes are processed first (“easy-to-react”) and then the higher solubility parameter counterparts (“hard-to-process”). Preparative separations and characterization of Mexican vacuum residue asphaltenes and a thermally cracked residue were carried out using an automatic solvent extractor (ASE) apparatus and the same set of solvents as the solubility fraction method. The results indicated that the H/C ratio of the extracted asphaltene fractions decreased and the aromaticity increased with the solubility parameter of the solvent. However, small differences in the distributions of asphaltene fractions were observed and were attributed to the larger precipitant/sample ratio used in the asphaltene solubility fraction method (>50:1) compared to the ASE preparative separation (20:1).
Variation in bread-making quality: effects of weather parameters on protein concentration and quality in some Swedish wheat cultivars grown during the period 1975-1996 (1998)

Two spring and two winter wheat cultivars were investigated for bread volume, grain protein concentration and mixogram index. Data for the weather conditions—mean day temperature per month, precipitation per month, and sun hours per month—were collected for the same period. Relationships between the quality factors were studied as well as relationships between these factors and weather conditions. The bread volumes varied from 910 to 1415 ml, and from 630 to 1067 ml for the spring and winter wheats, respectively. The grain protein concentrations were between 11.1 and 14.9% for the spring wheats, and between 10.6 and 16.7% for the winter wheats. Mixogram indexes varied from 110 to 156, and from 89 to 139, for spring and winter wheats, respectively. A strong correlation was found between the bread-making quality and the grain protein concentration and quality. The grain protein concentration and mixogram index accounted for 19% and 15% of the variation in bread volume, respectively. The climatic variables influenced on bread volume, and grain protein concentration and quality. The temperature, specially during the grain filling period, was the most important weather parameter, explaining 34% of the variation in grain protein concentration and 49% of the variation in mixogram index in spring wheat. The influence of the weather on the quality parameters, were more complex in the winter wheats. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry.
USP22 down-regulation facilitates human retinoblastoma cell aging and apoptosis via inhibiting TERT/P53 pathway. (2017)

USP22 played an important role in retinoblastoma cell proliferation/aging and apoptosis. The reduction of USP22 expression facilitated human retinoblastoma cell aging or apoptosis via suppressing TERT/P53 signal pathway. USP22, thus, may work as a target for treating retinoblastoma.
Nicotine dependence and treatment outcome among African American cocaine-dependent patients (2003)

Despite a close association between tobacco and cocaine use, few studies have systematically examined whether smoking predicts an adverse outcome for cocaine-dependent patients. We investigated whether severity of nicotine dependence was related to treatment outcome for cocaine-dependent individuals. Standardized assessments of nicotine dependence (Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence; FTND), cocaine use, and personality were obtained for 105 African American cocaine-dependent outpatients. Outcome measures included negative urine drug screens, days in treatment, dropout, and number of treatment sessions attended. The sample was stratified into cocaine-positive and cocaine-negative groups based on admission urine drug screens, and relationships between nicotine dependence and outcome measures were examined in each group. In the cocaine-negative group, higher FTND scores were negatively correlated with number of negative urine drug screens during treatment even after controlling for other predictors, whereas FTND scores were not correlated to outcome in the cocaine-positive group. It seems that severity of tobacco use predicts poor outcome for cocaine-dependent patients who are cocaine free at the time of admission into outpatient treatment.
The Distribution of Lymph Node Metastases in Right-Sided Colon Cancer (1994)

We reviewed the surgical results of 57 patients with right-sided colon carcinoma (RCC) with special reference to lymph node metastasis. In 45 cured patients, 25 showed no lymph node metastasis (n0), 19 showed a low or moderate degree of lymph node metastasis (n1, n2), and only one showed a high degree of lymph node metastasis (n3). As for the remaining 12 cases, the reasons that operation did not lead to a cure were liver or lung metastasis (66%), peritoneal spread (17%), or extensive lymph node metastasis (17%). Among these patients, only one may have died from insufficient lymph node dissection (R2 < n3). The presence of lymph node metastasis was predicted by the serum carcinoembryonic antigen level (> 3.0 ng/ml) and histologic type (other than well differentiated). These results indicate that complete removal of the group 1 and 2 nodes (R2 dissection) is a feasible operation for RCC.
Expanding the concepts in protein structure‐function relationships and enzyme kinetics: Teaching using morpheeins (2008)

A morpheein is a homo-oligomeric protein that can exist as an ensemble of physiologically significant and functionally different alternate quaternary assemblies. Morpheeins exist in nature and utilize conformational equilibria between different tertiary structures to form distinct oligomers as a means of regulating their function. Notably, alternate morpheeins are not misfolded forms of a protein; they are differently assembled native states that contain alternate subunit conformations. Transitions between alternate morpheein assemblies involve oligomer dissociation, conformational change in the dissociated state, and reassembly to a different oligomer. These transitions occur in response to the protein's environment, e.g., effector molecules, and represent a new model of allosteric regulation. The unique features of morpheeins are being revealed through detailed characterization of the prototype enzyme, porphobilinogen synthase, which exists in a dynamic equilibrium of a high activity octamer, a low activity hexamer, and two dimer conformations. Morpheeins are likely far more common than previously appreciated. There are, however, both intellectual and experimental barriers to recognizing proteins as morpheeins. These barriers derive from the way we were taught and continue to teach about protein folding, protein purification, protein structure-function relationships, and enzyme kinetics. This article explores some of these limitations and encourages incorporation of morpheeins into both introductory and advanced biochemistry classes.
Refractory Solar Selective Coatings (2018)

This three-year project worked towards developing high-performance selective receiver coatings for concentrated solar power (CSP) to meet the DOE SunShot 2020 goal of levelized cost of energy (LCOE) ≤6 ¢/kWhe. We exploited recent advances in photonic crystal fabrication and nanocomposite materials synthesis to manufacture coatings designed to withstand high operating temperatures in air (>800 °C) while maintaining a high solar absorptivity (≥95%) and low IR emissivity (≤10%). We engineered the selective receiver coatings at multiple length scales. In the 0.1-1 μm regime, the coating has a photonic crystal structure comprised of a periodic mesoporous array. This structure alters the photonic density of states to improve spectral selectivity while also mitigating thermal stress for improved lifetime. At the 1-10 nm scale, the coatings are composed of optically absorbing nanoparticles in a transparent matrix where the size, spacing, and composition of the nanoparticles are tailored to tune the optical properties for high visible absorption and low IR emittance - similar to a cermet, but with dramatically enhanced thermal stability. The photonic structure was fabricated by self-assembly from a nanoparticle suspension followed by infiltration using atomic layer deposition (ALD). The nanophase composite results by combining the ALD processes for a metal and a metal oxide.
High-Temperature Deformation Behavior of PM 2000 Single Crystals (2000)

No abstracts
Effective Well Engineering Approach for Completion Intervention, Stimulation and Flow Measurement to Enhance Efficiency and Production Performance (2022)

Abstract Well completion practices in high-temperature, high-pressure carbonates are challenging especially for long lateral horizontal wells intended for fracturing applications. An integrated approach involving intervention and fracturing design and reliable post-fracturing flow measurements is very critical to optimize the well performance. After initial intervention complexities due to wellbore accessibility in a 6,250-ft cemented lateral initially planned with 13 fracturing stages resulting in the loss of many operational days, a revamped engineering workflow was planned for Well-A. As a first step, Coiled Tubing (CT) was used for abrasive jetting perforations, cleanout, and acid squeeze functionalities with a novel bottomhole assembly (BHA). The BHA was equipped with a real-time telemetry to optimize intervention to a single run. Having real-time bottomhole parameters helped in perforating the desired zones accurately and enhanced the injectivity by creating cleaner perforation tunnels. Stages were reduced to five with an optimized perforation design based on rock typing approach, and short clusters were designed to divert the fracture fluids effectively using multimodal particulate diversion. Each fracturing stage was isolated with a mechanical plug. A novel high-frequency pressure monitoring technique that analyzes fluid entry points from water hammers was utilized during the fracturing treatments to analyze on-the-fly diversion efficiency and optimize further treatments. A multiphase flowmeter was utilized to enhance milling and flowback to minimize losses and manage the choke schedule based on actual well performance leading to better fracture cleanup and recovery. The production performance of Well-A was compared with two offset horizontal wells drilled azimuthally parallel, intersecting the same carbonate sublayer. The post-fracturing absolute production enhancement analysis showed 11 to 15% improvement, and productivity index (PI) improvement was 40 to 63% when normalized by stage count. The effective integration of multiple technologies was applied successfully on the candidate well, yielding enhanced operational efficiency with optimized production performance.
FARLAP: Fast robust localisation using appearance priors (2015)

This paper is concerned with large-scale localisation at city scales with monocular cameras. Our primary motivation lies with the development of autonomous road vehicles - an application domain in which low-cost sensing is particularly important. Here we present a method for localising against a textured 3-dimensional prior mesh using a monocular camera. We first present a system for generating and texturing the prior using a LIDAR scanner and camera. We then describe how we can localise against that prior with a single camera, using an information-theoretic measure of image similarity. This process requires dealing with the distortions induced by a wide-angle camera. We present and justify an interesting approach to this issue in which we distort the prior map into the image rather than vice-versa. Finally we explain how the general purpose computation functionality of a modern GPU is particularly apt for our task, allowing us to run the system in real time. We present results showing centimetre-level localisation accuracy through a city over six kilometres.
Polarization control of a high power laser by adjoint feedback control (1993)

A technique for polarizing a high-power laser with unstable resonator optics that places the polarizing elements in a low power feedback path external to the parent resonator structure is described. The technique has been used to polarize a high-power industrial CO/sub 2/ laser. Rejection ratios for the unwanted polarizations can exceed 20 dB. The polarization vector can be rotated at will by rotating the polarizer in the low power beam path.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Patterns and Risk Factors for Systemic Calcified Atherosclerosis (2003)

This study confirms that there are significant correlations and risk factor associations for calcified atherosclerosis in different vascular beds.