gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distributed pose averaging in camera networks via consensus on SE(3) (2008)

In this paper, we propose distributed algorithms for estimating the average pose of an object viewed by a localized network of camera motes. To this effect, we propose distributed averaging consensus algorithms on the group of 3D rigid-body transformations, SE(3). We rigorously analyze the convergence of the proposed algorithms, and show that naive generalizations of Euclidean consensus algorithms fail to converge to the correct solution. We also provide synthetic experiments that confirm our analysis and validate our approach.
Accelerating Effect of $TNF-{\alpha}$ on the Rhus verniciflua-induced Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis in Human Osteosarcoma Cells (2005)

Previously, a flavonoid fraction, which consisted mainly of protocatechuic acid, fustin, fisetin, sulfuretin, and butein, here named RCMF [ verniciflua Stokes (RVS) ], was prepared from a crude acetone extract of RVS which is traditionally used as a food additive and as an herbal medicine. In the present study, we investigated the effects of on RCMF-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis induction using human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells. The results from tritium uptake and MTT assays showed that treatment itself (10 ng/ml) did not induce any cytotoxicity, but it actively accelerated RCMF-mediated cytotoxicity of HOS cells. RCMF-induced cytotoxicity and its facilitation by was verified to be apoptotic, based on the increased DNA fragmentation and low fluorescence intensity in nuclei after propidium iodide (PI) staining of HOS cells. This speculation was further demonstrated by monitoring the Annexin V/PI double staining which could discriminate the difference between apoptotic and necrotic deaths. Collectively, our findings indicate that accelerates RCMF-induced cytotoxicity in HOS cells.
Enabling UMTS end-to-end performance analysis (2004)

Because of its inherent complexity, the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) network deployment demands a significant amount of system simulations and modelling activities to ensure optimum network performance and integrity. The complexity of the radio interface, based on wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), compounded with the need to satisfy an end-to-end quality of service (QoS) for packet and circuit based applications, has rendered the planning and design of UMTS networks extremely difficult today. Over the past year, Motorola has been investing significantly in creating a number of tools designed for UNITS network optimization. UPM (UMTS e2e Performance Modeller) is a Motorola proprietary tool that addresses all the inherent issues related to data modelling activities in the IP packet data network. This tool utilizes OPNET (simulation modelling tool) as a simulation platform and integrates radio models to characterize the UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN), the UMTS air link interface and core network entities derived from the traditional IP networks. Using the OPNET platform, Motorola engineers have developed the full UTRAN network solution, which is later described in this paper. By modelling the full UMTS protocol stack (including the major characteristics of the UTRAN transport layer), this tool can undertake a huge variety of activities, such as algorithm testing and optimization, protocol parameter tuning, buffer sizing, network link dimensioning, traffic growth scenario analysis, performance optimization and bottleneck location as discussed in this paper.
Effects of moderately bright light on subjective evaluations in healthy elderly women (1999)

Eight healthy elderly women aged 56-72 years (mean age: 67.4 years) participated in this study. They were exposed to moderately bright light (1000 lux) for 1h in the morning every 6 days in their homes. Moderately bright light improved self evaluations for alertness, mood, motivation, happiness, refreshment, concentration and appetite after the second exposure to the light. Sleep maintenance, anxiety and integrated sleep feeling also improved after the fourth exposure to the light. The phase of rectal temperature rhythm did not change in a moderately bright light condition. These results suggest that bright light influences sleep quality and self evaluations without changing the biological rhythm phase.
Momentum‐Space Imaging of Ultra‐Thin Electron Liquids in δ‐Doped Silicon (2023)

Two-dimensional dopant layers (δ-layers) in semiconductors provide the high-mobility electron liquids (2DELs) needed for nanoscale quantum-electronic devices. Key parameters such as carrier densities, effective masses, and confinement thicknesses for 2DELs have traditionally been extracted from quantum magnetotransport. In principle, the parameters are immediately readable from the one-electron spectral function that can be measured by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). Here, buried 2DEL δ-layers in silicon are measured with soft X-ray (SX) ARPES to obtain detailed information about their filled conduction bands and extract device-relevant properties. This study takes advantage of the larger probing depth and photon energy range of SX-ARPES relative to vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) ARPES to accurately measure the δ-layer electronic confinement. The measurements are made on ambient-exposed samples and yield extremely thin (< 1 nm) and dense (≈10<sup>14</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup> ) 2DELs. Critically, this method is used to show that δ-layers of arsenic exhibit better electronic confinement than δ-layers of phosphorus fabricated under identical conditions.
Plastid Transcript Editing across Dinoflagellate Lineages Shows Lineage-Specific Application but Conserved Trends (2018)

Dinoflagellates are a group of unicellular protists with immense ecological and evolutionary significance and cell biological diversity. Of the photosynthetic dinoflagellates, the majority possess a plastid containing the pigment peridinin, whereas some lineages have replaced this plastid by serial endosymbiosis with plastids of distinct evolutionary affiliations, including a fucoxanthin pigment-containing plastid of haptophyte origin. Previous studies have described the presence of widespread substitutional RNA editing in peridinin and fucoxanthin plastid genes. Because reports of this process have been limited to manual assessment of individual lineages, global trends concerning this RNA editing and its effect on the biological function of the plastid are largely unknown. Using novel bioinformatic methods, we examine the dynamics and evolution of RNA editing over a large multispecies data set of dinoflagellates, including novel sequence data from the peridinin dinoflagellate Pyrocystis lunula and the fucoxanthin dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi. We demonstrate that while most individual RNA editing events in dinoflagellate plastids are restricted to single species, global patterns, and functional consequences of editing are broadly conserved. We find that editing is biased toward specific codon positions and regions of genes, and generally corrects otherwise deleterious changes in the genome prior to translation, though this effect is more prevalent in peridinin than fucoxanthin lineages. Our results support a model for promiscuous editing application subsequently shaped by purifying selection, and suggest the presence of an underlying editing mechanism transferred from the peridinin-containing ancestor into fucoxanthin plastids postendosymbiosis, with remarkably conserved functional consequences in the new lineage.
A vertical high voltage termination structure for high-resistivity silicon detectors (2002)

A new high voltage diode termination structure has been developed for the backside junction of silicon detectors which require double-sided processing. The new structure consists of a deep vertical etch through the diode at the edge of the detector. It requires only one mask, and is extremely robust to scratches or other mechanical damage. The vertical termination has been successfully applied to an integrated pixel detector, where it increased yield. It has also been applied to an 8 mm diameter cylindrical drift detector.
Development and application of perfect SSR markers in cotton (2020)

Abstract Background This study aimed to develop a set of perfect simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers with a single copy in the cotton genome, to construct a DNA fingerprint database suitable for authentication of cotton cultivars. We optimized the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system for multi-platform compatibility and improving detection efficiency. Based on the reference genome of upland cotton and 10× resequencing data of 48 basic cotton germplasm lines, single-copy polymorphic SSR sites were identified and developed as diploidization SSR markers. The SSR markers were detected by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) for initial screening, then fluorescence capillary electrophoresis for secondary screening. The final perfect SSR markers were evaluated and verified using 210 lines from different sources among Chinese cotton regional trials. Results Using bioinformatics techniques, 1 246 SSR markers were designed from 26 626 single-copy SSR loci. Adopting a stepwise (primary and secondary) screening strategy, a set of 60 perfect SSR markers was selected with high amplification efficiency and stability, easy interpretation of peak type, multiple allelic variations, high polymorphism information content (PIC) value, uniform chromosome distribution, and single-copy characteristics. A multiplex PCR system was established with ten SSR markers using capillary electrophoresis detection. Conclusions A set of perfect SSR markers of cotton was developed and a high-throughput SSR marker detection system was established. This study lays a foundation for large-scale and standardized construction of a cotton DNA fingerprint database for authentication of cotton varieties.
Power Allocation For Hybrid Electric Aircraft via Optimal Control during Climb, Cruise, and Descent (2021)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-0640.vid The demand for energy savings and reducing environmental and noise impact, has lead to an increased interest and rapid development of electrically propelled aircraft technology. However, current battery energy density is a major hindrance to the further development of an all electric aircraft. Hence, designing hybrid electric propulsion systems has become a viable approach to clean aviation in the coming decades, particularly for longer air travel. In this paper, a conceptual ultralight aircraft with an internal combustion engine and an electric motor is examined within its complete flight profile. We formulate the power allocation for a hybrid electric propulsion system as an optimal control problem in order to save fuel consumption and regularize the state of charge of the battery pack. It is shown that the optimal control approach naturally results in operating the engine in its highly efficient region where the fuel consumption rate is low. Another contribution of this work is proposing rule-based control algorithms for hybrid propulsion systems that are derived from the optimal control perspective.
Diffusion couple study of the interaction between Cr2O3 and MnCo2O4 doped with Fe and Cu (2019)

Manganese cobalt spinel oxides are promising coating materials for the protection of ferritic stainless steel interconnects in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks. The interaction between such coatings and the steel is here studied using diffusion couples as a model system. The interaction between MnCo2O4, MnCo1.7Fe0.3O4 and MnCo1.7Cu0.3O4 spinels and Cr2O3 was studied in air at 900 °C. In allcases, a reaction layer rich in Co and Cr formed at the interfaces. Using Pt-particles to mark the original interface reveals that the reaction layers grow by diffusion of Co (and Mn) from the spinel oxides to the Cr2O3/reaction layer interface. The growth of the reaction layers followed parabolic kinetics with rate constants of 1.3×10−5 μm2 s−1 for the MnCo2O4/Cr2O3 couple, 8.6×10−6 μm2 s−1 for the MnCo1.7Fe0.3O4/Cr2O3 couple, and finally 1.2×10−4 μm2 s−1 for the MnCo1.7Cu0.3O4/Cr2O3 couple.
Cyclooxygenase enzyme activation in human skeletal muscle after acute resistance exercise (2010)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate cyclooxygenase (COX)‐1 and ‐2 activation in response to an acute bout of resistance exercise (RE) in human skeletal muscle. Before, 4, and 24 hours after a bout of unilateral knee extensor RE (3 sets of 10 repetitions at 70% of maximum) muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis of seven young males (25±0.4 y). Biopsy samples were assayed for COX‐1 and COX‐2 activity (700200, Cayman Chemical). COX‐1 activity was not increased with RE (PRE: 5.0±1.0, 4 hrs: 6.5±1.1, 24 hrs: 7.7±1.9 nmol PGH 2 ·g muscle −1 ·min −1 ) while COX‐2 activity was elevated at 24 (p&lt;0.05) but not four hours after exercise (PRE: 4.5±1.1, 4 hrs: 5.8±1.1, 24 hrs: 8.9±1.4 nmol PGH 2 ·g muscle −1 ·min −1 ). Prostaglandin (PG) production due to COX‐1 and COX‐2 was similar (COX‐1/COX‐2 ratio: 1.1±0.3) before RE. This ratio (0.8±0.3) decreased at 24 hours indicating a greater proportion of PG production from COX‐2. COX activity has been implicated as a necessary component of a RE‐induced increase in skeletal muscle protein synthesis. Muscle protein synthesis is elevated as early as 1–4 hours after RE. Thus our data suggest that an elevation in COX‐1 or COX‐2 activity may not be necessary for the RE‐induced increase in protein synthesis. Our findings also support the general consensus that COX‐2 is inducible and that COX‐2 enzyme activity is present in resting skeletal muscle. Funding: MWU Start‐Up Funds, and MWU College of Health Sciences
MEMBRANELESS DIALYSIS: PERFORMANCE OF SECONDARY SEPARATORS (2006)

Membraneless separation of blood components does not discriminate solutes or allow adequate volume transport without a secondary separator (SS). SS’s control primary membraneless separators (PS’s) by recycling molecules to be preserved. SS’s also control PS performance by removing water, thereby raising the osmotic pressure of the recycle stream high enough to transport water in the PS in the absence of transmembrane pressure. SS’s may work by reaction, absorption, or selective membrane transport, and must be small and able to sustain performance for many hours. The performances of small dialysis devices as SS’s with respect to ultrafiltration (UF) and solute transport over in vitro measurement times up to 48 hours, using bovine plasma are discussed. UF rates corresponding to removal of 10 kg/wk water and dialysis rates corresponding to 200 g/wk urea were examined in small hollow-fiber modules with 500 cm2 area. Modest increases in SS transmembrane pressure and elevations of sheath fluid blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were seen when fixed loads of urea were imposed over long times. Changes in performance may be implemented by elevated shear rates (made possible when low cell counts are achieved in the fluid sent to the SS) and by changes in module area. Reported test data are also of interest because very little information is currently available in any environment to estimate the long-term, uninterrupted performance of dialysis fibers, and the effect of fluid shear on performance decrement.
SCORE: approximating curvature information under self-concordant regularization (2023)

Abstract Optimization problems that include regularization functions in their objectives are regularly solved in many applications. When one seeks second-order methods for such problems, it may be desirable to exploit specific properties of some of these regularization functions when accounting for curvature information in the solution steps to speed up convergence. In this paper, we propose the SCORE (self-concordant regularization) framework for unconstrained minimization problems which incorporates second-order information in the Newton-decrement framework for convex optimization. We propose the generalized Gauss–Newton with Self-Concordant Regularization (GGN-SCORE) algorithm that updates the minimization variables each time it receives a new input batch. The proposed algorithm exploits the structure of the second-order information in the Hessian matrix, thereby reducing computational overhead. GGN-SCORE demonstrates how to speed up convergence while also improving model generalization for problems that involve regularized minimization under the proposed SCORE framework. Numerical experiments show the efficiency of our method and its fast convergence, which compare favorably against baseline first-order and quasi-Newton methods. Additional experiments involving non-convex (overparameterized) neural network training problems show that the proposed method is promising for non-convex optimization.
ChemInform Abstract: REAKTIVITAET VON AKTIVIERTEN AMINOSAEUREESTERN MIT GLYCIN‐O‐NITRANILID (1970)

Abstract Die aktivierten Ester (I) werden mit dem Anilid (II) aminolytisch zu dem Dipeptid (III) kondensiert, wobei die ermittelten Halbwertszeiten der Aminolyse sich auf die mit Eisessig protonierten Ester, ausgenommen Ib, beziehen.
Cardiometabolic risk factors and health behaviors in family caregivers (2017)

The purpose of this study was to compare components of cardiometabolic risk and health behaviors of 20 family caregivers of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients to those of age, gender, and race/ethnicity-matched controls. A prospective, repeated measures design was used to compare cardiometabolic risk and health behaviors in caregivers and controls at three time-points: pre-transplantation, discharge, and six weeks post-discharge. Measures included components of metabolic syndrome, Reynolds Risk Score, NMR serum lipoprotein particle analyses, and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II). Mixed-model repeated measure analyses were used. There were no between or within group differences in LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. There was a significant interaction effect between time and role in large VLDL concentration (VLDL-P) (F (2, 76) = 4.36, p = .016), with the trajectory of large VLDL-P increasing over time in caregivers while remaining stable in controls. Within caregivers, VLDL particle size (VLDL-Z) was significantly larger at time-point three compared to time-points one (p = .015) and two (p = .048), and VLDL-Z was significantly larger in caregivers than in controls at time point three (p = .012). HPLP-II scores were lower in caregivers than controls at all time-points (p < .01). These findings suggest that caregiving may have a bigger impact on triglycerides than on other lipids, and it is through this pathway that caregivers may be at increased cardiometabolic risk. More sensitive measurement methods, such as NMR lipoprotein particle analyses, may be able to detect early changes in cardiometabolic risk.
Rotation independent iris recognition by the rotation spreading neural network (2009)

We proposed a iris recognition system using the rotation spreading neural network (R-SAN net). The R-SAN net correctly recognized the orientation of iris images using the iris pattern alone, not the positional arrangement of respective face parts. The orientation recognition performance of R-SAN net allows the accurate compensation of the orientation variation. For the characteristics of the iris pattern recognition, the equal error rate was 0.79%, which was investigated with iris images acquired from 19 subjects. On the other hand, the liveness detection method using a variation in the brightness of an iris pattern induced by a pupillary reflex was developed. The live and artificial irises were classified by a decision threshold of 3.7% brightness variation rate.
Adversarial for Good? How the Adversarial ML Community's Values Impede Socially Beneficial Uses of Attacks (2021)

Attacks from adversarial machine learning (ML) have the potential to be used good: they can be used to run counter to the existing power structures within ML, creating breathing space for those who would otherwise be the targets of surveillance and control. But most research on adversarial ML has not engaged in developing tools for resistance against ML systems. Why? In this paper, we review the broader impact statements that adversarial ML researchers wrote as part of their NeurIPS 2020 papers and assess the assumptions that authors have about the goals of their work. We also collect information about how authors view their work's impact more generally. We find that most adversarial ML researchers at NeurIPS hold two fundamental assumptions that will make it difficult for them to consider socially beneficial uses of attacks: (1) it is desirable to make systems robust, independent of context, and (2) attackers of systems are normatively bad and defenders of systems are normatively good. That is, despite their expressed and supposed neutrality, most adversarial ML researchers believe that the goal of their work is to secure systems, making it difficult to conceptualize and build tools for disrupting the status quo.
Using distance estimation and deep learning to simplify calibration in food calorie measurement (2015)

High calorie intake in the human body on the one hand, has proved harmful in numerous occasions leading to several diseases and on the other hand, a standard amount of calorie intake has been deemed essential by dietitians to maintain the right balance of calorie content in human body. As such, researchers have proposed a variety of automatic tools and systems to assist users measure their calorie in-take. In this paper, we consider the category of those tools that use image processing to recognize the food, and we propose a method for fully automatic and user-friendly calibration of the dimension of the food portion sizes, which is needed in order to measure food portion weight and its ensuing amount of calories. Experimental results show that our method, which uses deep learning, mobile cloud computing, distance estimation and size calibration inside a mobile device, leads to an accuracy improvement to 95 percent on average compared to previous work.
Investigation on diffraction properties of polarization gratings with optically biaxial anisotropy (2021)

The incident angle dependence of the diffraction properties of orthogonal-circular polarization gratings (OCPGs) fabricated using a polymer liquid crystal exhibiting biaxial anisotropy have been investigated. It was found that a specific biaxial anisotropy reduces the incident angle dependence of optically thin OCPGs against the wavelength of an incident light.
3D Backscatter Localization for Fine-Grained Robotics (2019)

Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2019