gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advanced wire bonding for high reliability and high temperature applications (2016)

Abstract The next generation of switches for power electronic will be based on white band gap (WBG) semiconductor GaN or SiC. This materials supports higher switching current and high frequency. White band gap semiconductors enables higher application temperature. Certainly, high temperature capability is also to discuss in combination with high number of thermal cycles. For a frame module concept shows these paper a comparison of different joining techniques with the focus on the reliability issue on wire and ribbon bonding. Beside to the 1000 passive thermal cycles from −40°C to +125°C there are active thermals cycles for technology qualification required [3]. Depending on the application and mission profile a high thermal cycling capability is necessary. For this reason, new high temperature joining techniques for die attach, e.g. Silver sintering or diffusion soldering, were developed in the recent past [4]. All of this new joining techniques focusing on higher electrical, thermal and thermo-mechanical performance of power modules. By using an optimized metallization system for the WBG the numbers of thermal cycles can be increased and the maximum operating temperature advanced up to 300°C. In these new temperature regions silicon semiconductors will be substituted by WBG semiconductors. The present work shows an active power cycling capability of different wire and ribbon bonds and the failure mechanism will be discussed. A calculation model explained the reliability for the different wire diameter and the impact of bonding materials. This reliability calculation explain the thermo-mechanical effects and based on materials and geometry data and is not optimized for evidence. Through these physical background understanding more than 1.000.000 thermal cycles with a 150 K temperature swing from +30°C to +180°C are now possible. These is a the basic knowledge for a design for reliability based on current, mission profile and reliability optimization for future high end applications with wire or ribbon bonding technique.
Laparoscopic Discectomy With Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (1995)

Study Design. Patients presenting with L5-S1 anterior column disease with or without herniation into the spinal canal but without stenosis underwent magnetic resonance imaging screening before surgery to determine surgical suitability for laparoscopic anterior lumbar interbody fusion relative to the aortic bifuraction and approach to the disc space. Objectives. To analyze and evaluate the laparoscopic approach, technique, and benefit of anterior lumbar discectomy and interbody fusion by distraction and compression-loading of autograft only as compared with cage-spacer-enhanced autograft fusion. Summary of Background Data. Advancement in minimally invasive spine surgery techniques has provided options with less morbidity for posterior lumbar procedures. General surgical advancements in laparoscopy and advantages of traditional anterior lumbar interbody fusion, including restoration of disc height and exposure for safe nerve decompression, provided a basis for an integrated procedure that would address anterior column abnormality with low surgical morbidity. Methods. Five patients underwent technically successful laparoscopic anterior lumbar interbody fusion with approach to the disc space by an experienced laparoscopic general surgeon. A sixth patient in the study group was unable to undergo laparoscopic fusion because of an iliac vein tear during the surgical approach. After the approach, a spine surgeon followed with complete manual discectomy and interbody autogenous fusion laparoscopically. Two to three Cloward-type dowels were obtained by separate incision from the anterior iliac crest. Results. All patients by 6− month follow-up examination were clinically fused with no motion on flexion extension radiographs. One patient had slight anterior retropulsion of one dowel without the necessity of reoperation. Conclusions. Laparoscopic L5-S1 anterior lumbar interbody arthrodesis may represent a viable option for patients with abnormality, including anterior column and degenerative disc disease.
Effect of Dextran 70 on the Platelet Distribution of Ex Vivo Thrombi (1979)

Infusion of dextran 70 impairs the function of factor VIII and increases the lysability of ex vivo thrombi. To find out whether this increased lysability is accompanied by any morphological changes of the thrombi dextran was infused into four healthy volunteers and one patient with von Wiilebrand’s disease. Dextran was also given to four dogs with 51Cr labelled platelets and 1-1abelled fibrinogen. The thrombi were studied in light microscopy and the distribution of isotopes measured. Dextran caused marked changes in the morphology of the thrombi. The platelet aggregates constituting the head were not formed and the platelets were more evenly distributed in the thrombi. The changes were most pronounced 2-4 hours after the infusion. In the patient with von Wiilebrand’s. disease the structure of the thrombus was abnormal already before the infusion of dextran. Even a small dose of dextran given to this patient prevented the formation of a platelet head. When factor VIII concentrate was given the platelet aggregates constituting the head of thrombus again formed. The findings indicate that factor VIII is of importance for the formation and coherence of the platelet aggregates in ex vivo thrombi. Dextran given intravenously reduces platelet aggregabiIity by impairing the function of factor VIII. The alteration of platelet function, accompanied bv profound changes in the morphology of ex vivo thrombi, may explain the increase in lysability which has been previously shown by us.
The shortest pat problem (2014)

The shortest path problem asks for the computation of the path from a source to a destination node that minimizes the sum of the positive weights of its constituent links. The related shortest path tree (SPT) is the union of the shortest paths from a source node to a set of m other nodes in the graph with N nodes. If m = N — 1, the SPT connects all nodes and is termed a spanning tree. The SPT belongs to the fundamentals of graph theory and has many applications. Moreover, powerful shortest path algorithms like that of Dijkstra exist.
Development of constant altitude flight system using two dimensional laser range finder with mirrors (2017)

This paper proposes a constant altitude flight system using two dimensional laser range finder with mirrors. Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are expected to perform in the inspection of deteriorated infrastructures such as bridges and tunnels. In the most of such operations, UAVs should be navigated and controlled in GPS-denied environment. In this paper, we apply two dimensional laser range finder with mirrors that can scan over horizontal direction and can measure vertical direction by using the change of the laser direction with mirrors. Consequently, the sensor makes it possible to achieve three dimensional environmental recognition. This paper proposes altitude estimation method from the point data obtained by the sensor and demonstrates constant altitude flight experiment using that two dimensional laser range finder with mirrors. The flight experiment verified the validity of the developed system.
The P-glycoprotein antagonist PSC 833 increases the plasma concentrations of 6alpha-hydroxypaclitaxel, a major metabolite of paclitaxel. (2001)

PSC 833 increases the plasma concentration of 6alpha-hydroxypaclitaxel during paclitaxel therapy. Inhibition of cytochrome P-450 3A4 by PSC 833 may explain this in part, although other mechanisms cannot be excluded.
석탄화력발전소 주변해역 퇴적물 내의 중금속원소의 함량과 지화학적 존재형태 (2000)

Marine surface sediments in the vicinity of Samcheonpo coal-fired power plant were analyzed by a total analysis(HF+HNO₃+HClO₄) and sequential extraction procedure for heavy metals in order to investigate the total concentrations and geochemical phases of heavy metals. The result showed that the concentrations of Cr, Cu, Fe and Zn were within ranges typical for coastal areas, which reflected the mineralogical composition of the sediments in the studied area. However, the distributions of Cd, Co, Mn, Ni and Pb were rather different from the former, indicating that these heavy metals had a different origin, or that they were affected by a different geochemical mechanism. Chemical partitioning of heavy metals using sequential extraction procedure revealed that Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn were significantly bound to the residual phases of the sediments, whereas carbonate phases contained considerable amounts of Mn. The significant association of Pb with the exchangeable fraction also indicated that Pb was more mobile and bioavailable than Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn.
Why Do Some Psychiatric Disorders Become Chronic Problems? (2011)

This chapter uses a neural systems perspective to explore why psychiatric disorders can become long-standing problems and are often difficult to treat.
Evaluation of scaling concepts for integral system test facilities (1986)

A study was conducted by EG and G Idaho, Inc., to identify and technically evaluate potential concepts which will allow the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission to maintain the capability to conduct future integral, thermal-hydraulic facility experiments of interest to light water reactor safety. This paper summarizes the methodology used in the study and presents rankings for each facility concept relative to its ability to simulate phenomena identified as important in selected reactor transients in Babcock and Wilcox and Westinghouse large pressurized water reactors. Established scaling methodologies are used to develop potential concepts for scaled integral thermal-hydraulic experiment facilities. Concepts selected included: full height, full pressure water; reduced height, reduced pressure water; reduced height, full pressure water; one-tenth linear, full pressure water; and reduced height, full scaled pressure Freon. Results from this study suggest that a facility capable of operating at typical reactor operating conditions will scale most phenomena reasonably well.
Correlation of Transcriptomics and FDG-PET SUVmax Indicates Reciprocal Expression of Stemness-Related Transcription Factor and Neuropeptide Signaling Pathways in Glucose Metabolism of Ewing Sarcoma (2022)

Our large-scale analysis examined comprehensively the correlations between transcriptomics and tumor glucose utilization. Based on our findings, we hypothesize that stemness may be associated with increased glucose uptake, whereas neuroectodermal differentiation may anticorrelate with glucose uptake.
A Mathematical Framework for Feature Selection from Real-World Data with\n Non-Linear Observations (2016)

In this paper, we study the challenge of feature selection based on a\nrelatively small collection of sample pairs $\\{(x_i, y_i)\\}_{1 \\leq i \\leq m}$.\nThe observations $y_i \\in \\mathbb{R}$ are thereby supposed to follow a noisy\nsingle-index model, depending on a certain set of signal variables. A major\ndifficulty is that these variables usually cannot be observed directly, but\nrather arise as hidden factors in the actual data vectors $x_i \\in\n\\mathbb{R}^d$ (feature variables). We will prove that a successful variable\nselection is still possible in this setup, even when the applied estimator does\nnot have any knowledge of the underlying model parameters and only takes the\n'raw' samples $\\{(x_i, y_i)\\}_{1 \\leq i \\leq m}$ as input. The model\nassumptions of our results will be fairly general, allowing for non-linear\nobservations, arbitrary convex signal structures as well as strictly convex\nloss functions. This is particularly appealing for practical purposes, since in\nmany applications, already standard methods, e.g., the Lasso or logistic\nregression, yield surprisingly good outcomes. Apart from a general discussion\nof the practical scope of our theoretical findings, we will also derive a\nrigorous guarantee for a specific real-world problem, namely sparse feature\nextraction from (proteomics-based) mass spectrometry data.\n
Development, differentiation, and regeneration potential of the Vervet monkey endocrine pancreas (1998)

Using immunolabelling techniques, characterization of the Vervet monkey pancreas included a study of both its development and its structure and normal functioning in the adult. We found that PP and somatostatin occurred during development before glucagon. Insulin and all four pancreatic peptides occurred in one of the primordial buds prior to fusion. These finding call into question the suggested contribution of only PP cells by the ventral bud and non-PP cells by the dorsal bud. Co-localization of glucagon and PP was observed extensively with their relative expressions occurring in what appeared to be an organised non-random manner. Cells expressing both glucagon and PP persisted in the adult, together with many other combinations, suggesting an interesting plasticity of endocrine cell differentiation in the adult. Cellophane wrapping of the head of the Vervet monkey pancreas was shown to result in a noticeable increase in duct cell proliferation and endocrine cell volume but no increased replication of endocrine cells. Cells, immunoreactive for pancreatic peptides, were observed to bud from the ducts, suggesting a regeneration of endocrine cell tissue by neogenesis, although it is uncertain whether the duct epithelium contains the only stem cell source of new endocrine tissue. Hopefully, further investigations will elucidate a mechanism by which endocrine cell regenerative capacity can be stimulated in diabetics to overcome their absolute or relative deficiencies of insulin production.
Study on Creating Road Surface Map using Range Image Sensor (2016)

Because of vehicle traffic and changes in the environment temperature, roads expand/shrink and crack, leading to potholes. Without repair, potholes can expand gradually and may lead to accidents. To prevent such accidents, it is necessary that roads are inspected and diagnosed to detect cracks and potholes early and repair them. If it is possible to make road surface maps that show the location and size of cracks and potholes, road inspection can be performed efficiently. This paper focuses on applying a road inspection method using range image sensors, which are becoming increasingly more affordable. Specifically, it reports the results of the map of a simulated road with various features and the effectiveness of the method.
Reservoir characterization of Permian Khuff-C carbonate in the supergiant Ghawar Field of Saudi Arabia (2001)

The Permian Khuff-C carbonate reservoir in the ‘Uthmaniyah sector of Saudi Arabia's super giant Ghawar Field was discovered by exploratory drilling in 1982 (Figure 1). The reservoir is a prolific producer of nonassociated gas and condensate but its porosity and permeability distribution is complex and primarily controlled by the depositional facies distribution and its later diagenesis.
Data from Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus–like Sequences in Human Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) sequences have been reported to be present in some human breast cancers, but it is unclear whether they have any causal role. In mice, MMTV promotes tumor formation indirectly by insertional mutagenesis of Wnt oncogenes that lead to their activation. In this study, we investigated the status of Wnt-1 in human breast cancers harboring MMTV-like sequences encoding viral envelope (&lt;i&gt;env&lt;/i&gt;) genes. We confirmed the detection of &lt;i&gt;env&lt;/i&gt; sequences in the nucleus of human breast cancer specimens that are similar in appearance to mouse mammary tumors expressing MMTV &lt;i&gt;env&lt;/i&gt; sequences. MMTV &lt;i&gt;env&lt;/i&gt; sequences in human breast cancers were also nearly indistinguishable from &lt;i&gt;env&lt;/i&gt; sequences in mouse MMTV isolates. Further, Wnt-1 expression was higher in specimens of &lt;i&gt;env&lt;/i&gt;-positive ductal carcinoma &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; and invasive ductal carcinoma, relative to &lt;i&gt;env&lt;/i&gt;-negative specimens. Our findings extend the evidence that MMTV sequences found in naturally occurring mouse mammary tumors can be found in some human breast cancers, prompting further evaluation of causal roles in these settings. Cancer Res; 70(9); 3576–85. ©2010 AACR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A New Meiobenthic Species of Laophonte (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from the Florida Keys (1986)

Alan W. Decho, John W. Fleeger, A New Meiobenthic Species of Laophonte (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from the Florida Keys, Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, Vol. 105, No. 1 (Jan., 1986), pp. 31-37
Measuring the temperature coefficient of leaky SAW velocity using V(x) technique (2003)

The V(x) ultrasonic material characterization system was developed for the measurement of the temperature coefficient of the LSAW velocity. To obtain the temperature coefficient, the leaky wave velocity is measured as a function of the temperature of the coupling liquid and a specimen. By testing the system with the fused quartz specimen, the error of the temperature coefficient measurement was estimated to be 0.03 m (s/spl deg/C)/sup -1/. The proposed technique was used for the characterization of the thermal treatment of carbon steel samples.
Excess Synaptojanin 1 Contributes to Place Cell Dysfunction and Memory Deficits in the Aging Hippocampus in Three Types of Alzheimer’s Disease (2018)

The phosphoinositide phosphatase synaptojanin 1 (SYNJ1) is a key regulator of synaptic function. We first tested whether SYNJ1 contributes to phenotypic variations in familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) and show that SYNJ1 polymorphisms are associated with age of onset in both early- and late-onset human FAD cohorts. We then interrogated whether SYNJ1 levels could directly affect memory. We show that increased SYNJ1 levels in autopsy brains from adults with Down syndrome (DS/AD) are inversely correlated with synaptophysin levels, a direct readout of synaptic integrity. We further report age-dependent cognitive decline in a mouse model overexpressing murine Synj1 to the levels observed in human sporadic AD, triggered through hippocampal hyperexcitability and defects in the spatial reproducibility of place fields. Taken together, our findings suggest that SYNJ1 contributes to memory deficits in the aging hippocampus in all forms of AD.
Changes in the brain may link Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases (2001)

Researchers have identified a common pathway in the brain for both Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, supporting clinical observations of the simultaneous appearance of symptoms of both in some patients.

The β amyloid peptides that accumulate in Alzheimer's disease plaques also increase the build up of the α synuclein protein, which is characteristic of the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease, according to Dr Eliezer Masliah from the University of California at San Diego in La Jolla, and colleagues. The potential connection suggests that experimental drugs designed to target brain deposits linked …
A Location-Based VR Museum (2018)

This poster presents a novel type of Virtual Reality (VR) application for education and culture: a location-based VR Museum, which is a large-room scale multi-user multi-zone virtual museum. This VR museum was designed to support over 100 simultaneous users, walking in a large tracking system (600 m2) and sharing a ten times bigger virtual space (7000 m2) containing indoor and outdoor dinosaur exhibitions. This poster is giving an overview of the system and its main features as well as discussing its potential benefits and future evaluation.
ChemInform Abstract: A CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF POLYFUSED HETEROCYCLIC SYSTEMS FROM HETEROCYCLIC AMINES AND 2,3‐DICHLORONAPHTHOQUINONE USING PHASE TRANSFER CATALYSIS (1982)

Abstract Die Umsetzung des Dichlornaphthochinons (I) mit den Aminothiazolen (II) unter Phasentransfer‐Bedingungen führt zu den kondensierten Heterocyclen (III).
<title>Micromechanics modeling of reorientation process of single-crystal shape memory alloys</title> (1996)

A micromechanics-based modeling and simulation of the reorientation process of single crystal shape memory alloys under externally applied mechanical loading are performed in this paper. The work is based on the recently developed micromechanics constitutive theory of single crystal under thermoelastic martensitic transformations. In the modeling, the crystallographic theory of martensitic transformation is used to obtain the kinematic relations of the deformation process, and the elastic strain energy and total free energy of the constitutive element are derived by using thermodynamics and micromechanics self-consistent approaches. The effect of microstructural state variables of the material such as the volume fraction of each kind of variants, their spatial distribution, shape parameter of martensite variants, etc. on the macroscopic behavior of the material is quantitatively taken into consideration. In this paper three kinds of microstructure rearrangement during reorientation process are simulated: (1) reorientation between two kinds of variants; (2) reorientation among 4 kinds of variants; (3) reorientation among 24 kinds of variants; all under both monotonic and cyclic loading. Modeling predictions of the reorientation process reasonably simulate the microstructure processes happening in real materials.
Haptoglobin or Hemopexin Therapy Prevents Acute Adverse Effects of Resuscitation After Prolonged Storage of Red Cells (2016)

In mice, the adverse effects of transfusion with SRBCs after hemorrhagic shock are ameliorated by treatment with either haptoglobin or hemopexin. Haptoglobin infusion prevents kidney injury associated with high plasma hemoglobin concentrations after resuscitation with SRBCs. Treatment with the naturally occurring human plasma proteins haptoglobin or hemopexin may have beneficial effects in conditions of severe hemolysis after prolonged hypotension.
Integration of polyimide waveguides with traveling-wave phototransistors (1997)

Polymer waveguides with low optical losses are becoming increasingly important for photonic circuits. Among these, polyimide waveguides have properties which distinguish them as a versatile interconnect medium for practical optoelectronic integrated circuits. We have integrated these waveguides with traveling-wave phototransistors (TW-HPT's) in which optical power transfer occurs through leaky mode coupling of light from the waveguide along the length of the device. Independent optimization of the waveguide and phototransistor is now possible permitting superior coupling efficiency and detector bandwidth. We present proof-of-concept results for a 2-mm-long TW-HPT integrated with a 8×10-μm polyimide waveguide.