gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SELECTION OF POUR POINT DEPRESSANTS FOR TODAYS ENGINE OILS INCLUDING AGING IN THE PRESENCE OF BIODIESEL BY CEC L-105 (2014)

All mineral derived base stocks used in lubricants contain waxy hydrocarbons that come out of solution when temperature decreases.They can form a threedimensional wax crystal network that can totally immobilise the oil.In formulated engine oils some additives have a "waxy" or crystalline structure and further contribute to the formation of a crystal network that impairs oil flow.Waxiness is evidenced at low temperature by higher pour-point, yield stress and viscosity compared to a wax free oil.Inadequate oil flow to critical parts of the equipment may result in costly failures.The function of Pour-Point Depressant (PPD) is given in the name.They depress pour-point by inhibiting the waxy structures that form in mineral oil at low temperature.But for modern engine oils pour-point has little relevance and isn't included in modern international engine oil standards.Industry experience over the decades has replaced pour-point by other more valid assessments of an engine oil's suitability at low temperature.In particular low temperature pumpability by Mini Rotary Viscometer (MRV) due to its inclusion in SAE J300 specification is the primary test.In some cases this is now required on used oil, and most recently in Europe on oil oxidised in the presence of biodiesel by CEC-L-105-12.However PPDs exist or have been developed which are effective in these evolved low temperature requirements of engine oils.In this paper we show that PPDs are available which are effective against this latest European CEC L-105 requirement, although extra consideration must be given to their selection.We also show that multiple low temperature requirements tend to narrow the choice of acceptable PPDs, and the choice of PPD can be strongly influenced by the presence of other additives in addition to the mineral oil.These combined with the extra requirement for CEC L-105 has made PPD selection more difficult, but based on our work reported here this new challenge can be met by correct PPD selection.
Topoisomerases (2018)

This chapter discusses single-molecule approaches in the study of topoisomerases. After introducing the problem posed by DNA entanglement, it describes type I and type II topoisomerases, which solve that issue. Single-molecule assays have nailed down the different mechanisms of bacterial and eukaryotic type I topoisomerases. The properties of type II topoisomerases are then described. Single-molecule experiments have shown that they relax DNA torsion by two units, passing one dsDNA segment through a break in another segment. However, while topoII relaxes positive and negative supercoils similarly, topoIV relaxes positive supercoils quickly and processively, but negative ones slowly and distributively. This chiral discrimination is compared with the activity of the enzyme on two catenated DNA molecules. After describing single-molecule assays of the activity of gyrases, <italic>in-vivo</italic> investigations of single fluorescently labelled topoIV units in single <italic>E.coli</italic> are discussed, with concluding remarks on the future of single-molecule DNA/protein studies.
Neutron capture cross section ofNi62ats-process energies (2008)

The neutron capture cross section of $^{62}\mathrm{Ni}$ has been measured in the energy range relevant to the astrophysical $s$-process and Maxwellian-averaged cross sections (MACS) were extracted. The experiment was performed with an enriched $^{62}\mathrm{Ni}$ sample at a white neutron source using a 160 segment ${\mathrm{BaF}}_{2}$ detector array. The experimental results: $31.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.{5}_{\mathrm{stat}}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.{2}_{\mathrm{sys}}$ mb (MACS at $\mathrm{kT}=25$ keV) and $25.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.{8}_{\mathrm{stat}}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.{9}_{\mathrm{sys}}$ mb (MACS at $\mathrm{kT}=30$ keV) resolve a previous discrepancy between recent experiments.
Abstract 16994: RNA Editing Controls Gene Expression in Atherosclerotic Heart Disease by Enabling HuR-mediated Posttranscriptional Regulation (2015)

Background: Adenosine to inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is catalysed by ADARs (adenosine deaminases acting on RNA) and is an important posttranscriptional regulator of RNA metabolism. Although RNA editing is essential for life, its role in cardiovascular disease is unknown. Methods and Results: Next generation RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) of human endothelial cells revealed that ADAR1 edits almost 25% of endothelial transcriptome, regulates gene expression (135 transcripts were at least 2-fold regulated after ADAR1 knockdown) and controls endothelial cell function. Among the highest edited transcripts is cathepsin S (CTSS), an extracellular matrix degradation enzyme with an established role in cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. The number of edited nucleotides in the 3’UTR of CTSS mRNA was increased under hypoxic conditions and was strongly associated with increased CTSS expression (r=0.971, P=0.029). Most importantly, absence of RNA editing resulted in a 3-fold decrease of CTSS mRNA expression under hypoxic conditions. RNA-seq analysis of 8 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and 4 healthy subjects revealed that A-to-I RNA editing of CTSS 3’UTR is significantly increased in patients with CHD compared to control healthy subjects (P&lt;0.001). Most importantly, a strong association was observed between RNA editing in the CTSS 3’UTR and mRNA expression in our cohort (r&gt;0.7, P&lt;0.001). Mechanistically, RNA-immunoprecipitation, mRNA stability, luciferase reporter assays, mutagenesis experiments and NMR spectroscopy revealed that silencing of ADAR1 completely inhibited RNA editing of the 3’UTR of CTSS mRNA, which consequently affected CTSS RNA secondary structure, HuR binding to the CTSS 3’UTR and finally CTSS mRNA stability and protein expression (P&lt;0.001 for all). Taken into consideration that 82% of edited genes in 3’UTR are enriched for HuR binding sites, RNA editing may critically regulate HuR-mediated posttranscriptional regulation and thus gene expression. Conclusion: This study suggests a novel primate-specific mechanism that may account for the increased cathepsin S expression in ischemic/inflammatory diseases and it may serve as a prototypical example for the evaluation of RNA-based mechanisms in health and disease.
On the Concept of Equilibrium Evaporation and the Value of the Priestley‐Taylor Coefficient (1996)

An analytical expression is derived for the Priestley‐Taylor coefficient, α. This coefficient is generally interpreted as the ratio between the actual evaporation rate and the equilibrium evaporation rate. The derived expression is shown to be equal to the accepted value of 1.26 for typically observed atmospheric conditions and to be relatively insensitive to small changes in atmospheric parameters. A comparison is made between the new expression and data taken over an irrigated field in California. The concept of equilibrium evaporation is called into question and it is suggested that the Priestley‐Taylor expression with α equal to 1.26 is a more accurate representation of evaporation under “equilibrium” wet surface conditions.
The Internet of Things Revolution (2016)

This column gives an overview of the issue, including special issue articles, a general-interest article, and an Awards column.
Microscopic imaging of defect density distribution in GaAs and InGaP using the decay time of photo-excited carriers (2004)

Through pump-probe experiment using femtosecond laser pulses, we demonstrated that the defect density distribution in a GaAs and InGaP can be imaged by the decay time of photo-excited carriers.
‘Polymeric Ionic Liquid/Carbon Black’ composite as a Green Supporting Electrolyte (2013)

Abstract not Available.
The Forty-Sixth Euro Congress on Drug Synthesis and Analysis: Snapshot † (2017)

The 46th EuroCongress on Drug Synthesis and Analysis (ECDSA-2017) was arranged within the celebration of the 65th Anniversary of the Faculty of Pharmacy at Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia from 5–8 September 2017 to get together specialists in medicinal chemistry, organic synthesis, pharmaceutical analysis, screening of bioactive compounds, pharmacology and drug formulations; promote the exchange of scientific results, methods and ideas; and encourage cooperation between researchers from all over the world. The topic of the conference, “Drug Synthesis and Analysis,” meant that the symposium welcomed all pharmacists and/or researchers (chemists, analysts, biologists) and students interested in scientific work dealing with investigations of biologically active compounds as potential drugs. The authors of this manuscript were plenary speakers and other participants of the symposium and members of their research teams. The following summary highlights the major points/topics of the meeting.
Twenty-two Years of Failure to Set Up Undisputed Assays to Detect Patients with the Antiphospholipid Syndrome (2008)

The antiphospholipid syndrome is defined by the persistent presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in plasma of patients with a history of thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity. From the definition in 1985 onwards, confusion has arisen concerning who has the syndrome and who has not. Although the clinical criteria are well defined, there is ongoing discussion regarding serologic criteria. Lack of standardization of the assays that define the serologic criteria, notably phospholipids-dependent coagulation assays, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for anticardiolipin and anti-beta2 glycoprotein I, have led to heated arguments regarding which population(s) of antibodies should be measured to detect a patient at risk for (recurrent) thrombosis or pregnancy complications. Everybody agrees on the need to better standardize the assays, but different views are held on how this should be achieved, and commercial interests have hampered consensus on which assays should be applied, how they should be performed, and the cutoff values that discriminate between pathologic and nonpathologic results. New prospective cohort studies to reevaluate the clinical significance of the available assays are essential, but the lack of sufficient patient numbers visiting single hospital facilities frustrates progress. This review discusses shortcomings of the current serologic assays, provides strategies to solve these shortcomings, and discusses new developments/assays to improve the specificity of such assays for thrombosis and pregnancy complications.
Label-free hematology analysis using deep-ultraviolet microscopy (2020)

Hematological analysis, via a complete blood count (CBC) and microscopy, is critical for screening, diagnosing, and monitoring blood conditions and diseases but requires complex equipment, multiple chemical reagents, laborious system calibration and procedures, and highly trained personnel for operation. Here we introduce a hematological assay based on label-free molecular imaging with deep-ultraviolet microscopy that can provide fast quantitative information of key hematological parameters to facilitate and improve hematological analysis. We demonstrate that this label-free approach yields 1) a quantitative five-part white blood cell differential, 2) quantitative red blood cell and hemoglobin characterization, 3) clear identification of platelets, and 4) detailed subcellular morphology. Analysis of tens of thousands of live cells is achieved in minutes without any sample preparation. Finally, we introduce a pseudocolorization scheme that accurately recapitulates the appearance of cells under conventional staining protocols for microscopic analysis of blood smears and bone marrow aspirates. Diagnostic efficacy is evaluated by a panel of hematologists performing a blind analysis of blood smears from healthy donors and thrombocytopenic and sickle cell disease patients. This work has significant implications toward simplifying and improving CBC and blood smear analysis, which is currently performed manually via bright-field microscopy, and toward the development of a low-cost, easy-to-use, and fast hematological analyzer as a point-of-care device and for low-resource settings.
Discovery tools for science apps (1999)

article Free AccessDiscovery tools for science apps Author: Raúl E. Valdés-Pérez Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PAView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 42Issue 11Nov. 1999 pp 37–41https://doi.org/10.1145/319382.319389Published:01 November 1999Publication History 13citation955DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations13Total Downloads955Last 12 Months31Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteView all FormatsPDF
Cytochemical localization of Na(+)-K(+)-adenosine triphosphate activity in the proximal convoluted tubule cells of the gerbil Meriones crassus. (1996)

The present work describes the cytochemical localization of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase in the proximal convoluted tubule cells of the gerbil Meriones crassus. By using CeCl3 as capture agent, a fine, uniform reaction product was distributed mainly across the basolateral membranes and at the apical surface. This study provides evidence that the ATPase enzyme studied is actually Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase because acetate buffer (bleaching agent) had no decalcifying effect, nor did the subsequent application of levamisole, an inhibitor of alkaline phosphatase, which can hydrolize ATP. Such findings may serve to provide insights into the regulatory role of the Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase in intra-extra cellular balance in the basolateral membranes of the proximal convoluted tubule cells of this desert animal which show thick basal laminae with their membrane-bound bodies. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the transport function of the assayed enzyme and these bodies.
Routing Extensions in Support of Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) (2005)

This document specifies routing extensions in support of carrying link
state information for Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching
(GMPLS). This document enhances the routing extensions required to
support MPLS Traffic Engineering (TE). [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Low loss Si-SiO<inf>2</inf>-Si 8nm slot waveguides (2008)

Quasi-TM-mode propagation loss of 1.83 dB/cm at lambda = 1.565 mum is achieved in horizontal Si(amorphous)-SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -Si(crystalline) slot waveguides with 8.3 nm slots fabricated on silicon-on-insulator. Waveguide loss is measured using a ring resonator with Q ~ 3x10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> .
Future uses of mesenchymal stem cells in spine surgery (2005)

Stem cells are currently being studied for use in numerous clinical applications, ranging from neurodegenerative diseases to cardiac insufficiency. The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in spine surgery is also compelling, especially with the increasing age of the general population. In this review the authors discuss the use of MSCs for intervertebral disc repair and regeneration and for use in spinal arthrodesis procedures. Clearly, the routine use of cellular therapies by spine surgeons to improve outcome after a variety of surgical procedures is rapidly approaching.
Beam Propagation Method Modelling of Zenithal Bistable Nematic Devices: Analysis and Assessment (2001)

Abstract Modelling of liquid crystal optics is commonly based on variants of matrix-type solvers, which are ideally suited for addressing light wave propagation in stratified anisotropic media. Liquid crystal devices with complex director structures on the micron scale require more rigorous methods for predicting their optical response. Two potential candidate methods exist: the Beam Propagation Method and the Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method. The scope of this paper is to apply the former and assess its accuracy against the latter, which is considered to be more general. The analysis and assessment is focused on Zenithal Bistable Nematic devices.
Projection law of white light speckle movement (1986)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Bao-Chen Liu and Shu Tian Lin, "Projection law of white light speckle movement," Appl. Opt. 25, 11-13 (1986) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Investigation of the Regioselectivity for the Staudinger Reaction and Its Application for the Synthesis of Aminoglycosides with N-1 Modification (2007)

The criteria for controlling the regioselectivity of Staudinger reduction of azides have been investigated. These findings enable a convenient direct N-1 modification of the perazidoneamine and perazidoribostamycin resulting in the synthesis of aminoglycoside antibiotics with activity against drug-resistant bacteria.
Detecting Acromegaly: Screening for Disease with a Morphable Model (2005)

Acromegaly is a rare disorder which affects approximately 50 out of every million people. The disease is typically caused when a tumor of the pituitary gland secretes excess growth hormone, causing swelling of the hands, feet, and face, and eventually permanent changes due to abnormal bone growth in areas such as the jaw, the brow ridge, and the cheek bones. Because the disease is so rare and the onset of symptoms is slow, it is often missed by general practitioners and other health care professionals. This means that the disease often progresses beyond where it might if it were identified and treated earlier. In this work, we consider a semi-automated approach to detecting the presence of acromegaly in people, using a supervised learning paradigm. We built a training set of images by taking frontal photographs of 24 acromegalic patients and photographs of 25 disease-free subjects. Because the recognition of acromegaly is dependent upon subtle features which are difficult to detect locally in the image, we decided upon a more global method of modelling that uses information across the entire photograph. In particular, we modelled each subject’s face in an analysisby-synthesis loop using the three-dimensional morphable face model of Blanz and Vetter [2]. The parameters of the morphable model capture many features of the threedimensional shape of the subject’s head from just a single photograph and are excellent features with which to classify subjects as either acromegalic or not. We report encouraging results of a classifier built from the training set of real human subjects. 1.
A novel dynamic framework to detect DDoS in SDN using metaheuristic clustering (2019)

Abstract Security is a crucial factor in the continuously evolving programmable networks. With the emergence of programmable networking terminals, the need to protect the networks has become mandatory. Software‐defined networks (SDNs) provide programmable switches, thereby isolating the data plane from the control plane. Many security algorithms have been proposed to protect the network; however, they have failed to protect SDNs from attacks such as distributed denial of service (DDoS), jamming, and man‐in‐the‐middle attacks. In this article, we only address the DDoS attack that prevails in SDNs. Isolation of the control plane from the data plane increases the probability of an attack on the data plane. Therefore, a framework that can handle the dynamic traffic and can protect the network from DDoS attacks is required. Our proposed whale optimization algorithm–based clustering for DDoS detection (WOA‐DD) avoids the DDoS attacks using a metaheuristic approach by clustering the attack requests. We evaluated this algorithm for robustness in comparison with several existing solutions and found it to be safe under several conditions. The proposed attack request clustering is explored to check its feasibility with various machine learning approaches and found to be stable with the prevailing mechanisms. Analysis of the algorithm under varied conditions reveals that WOA‐DD is robust, stable, and efficient against DDoS attacks.
Experimental investigation of preferred seating positions and postures in reclined seating configurations (2021)

Comfort Congress 2021, Online, , 02-/09/2021 - 03/09/2021
Technology development for a Stirling radioisotope power system (2000)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Lanny G. Thieme, Songgang Qiu, Maurice A. White; Technology development for a Stirling radioisotope power system. AIP Conf. Proc. 19 January 2000; 504 (1): 1260–1265. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1290937 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
IDENTIFICATION OF YEASTS ISOLATED FROM THE PACIFIC OCEAN (1974)

Identification studies were made on yeast cultures isolated from sea water samples collected from 0 to 4000m depth in the Pacific Ocean. Twenty strains were identified as strains belonging to the following seven species of four genera: Three strains of Debaryomyces hansenii, one of Cryptococcus albidus var. albidus, two of Candida diddensii, one of C. krissii nov. sp., five of Rhodotorula glutinis var. glutinis, five of Rh. rubra, and three of Rh. marina. Description and Latin diagnosis of C. krissii nov. sp. are given.
Efficacy of Targeted Radionuclide Therapy Using [131I]ICF01012 in 3D Pigmented BRAF- and NRAS-Mutant Melanoma Models and In Vivo NRAS-Mutant Melanoma (2021)

Our data suggest that [<sup>131</sup>I]ICF01012-TRT and MEKi combination could be of benefit for advanced pigmented BRAF-mutant melanoma care and that [<sup>131</sup>I]ICF01012 alone could constitute a new potential NRAS-mutant melanoma treatment.
Evaluation of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction for early diagnosis of ventriculostomy-related infections (2015)

MassTag PCR enabled parallel testing of CSF specimens for 11 pathogens of VRI. The high sensitivity of PCR combined with possible device colonization, specimen contamination, and concurrent antibiotic treatments limit the clinical value of the assay, similar to other current diagnostic approaches. With further optimization, multiplex PCR may provide timely identification of multiple possible VRI pathogens and guide management, complementing classic culture approaches.
High Performance Liquid Chromatography of Anthocyanidins as a New Approach to Study Flower Pigment Genetics (1980)

Abstract The described method allows rapid screening and accurate quantification of anthocyanidins with the aid of HPLC. Using a linear gradient in 40 m in from 20 to 40% of solvent B (1.5% phosphoric acid -20% acetic acid - 25% acetonitrile) in solvent A (1.5% phosphoric acid) + B on LiChrosorb RP-8 the common six anthocyanidins delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, and malvidin were resolved within 40 min. It is demonstrated that acetonitrile is superior to other solvents in resolving methoxylated phenolic compounds. The application of the described method is shown with Gladiolus petals in studies of flower pigment genetics.