gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analyzing determinants of US distillers dried grains with solubles exports (2018)

Abstract The exports of US distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), a coproduct of corn ethanol, have grown more than five‐fold over the last decade. However, there is limited knowledge of what factors drive US. DDGS exports and how those factors could impact future US DDGS exports. This study aimed to identify the determinants of US DDGS exports and estimate the growth of DDGS exports to major international buyers. A commodity‐specific gravity model was estimated using the pseudo‐Poisson maximum likelihood method for US DDGS exports to 29 countries over 2000–2013. Results suggest that the importing country’s meat production, technical barriers to trade, tariffs, and US ethanol production influence US DDGS exports. A baseline outlook for US DDGS exports to the six major importing countries through 2020 generated from the estimated gravity model shows China’s commodity and trade policy could have a vital impact on US DDGS exports. Variations in DDGS exports under the scenarios of high and low meat production in those importing countries were also derived.
Perturbation and coupling of microcavity plasmas through charge injected into an intervening microchannel (2016)

Coupling between two microcavity plasmas in a symmetric, microfabricated dielectric barrier structure has been observed by injecting charge from one of the plasmas into an intervening microchannel. Periodic modulation of the electric field strength in the injector (or electron “donor”) cavity has the effect of deforming the acceptor microplasma which exhibits two distinct and stable spatiotemporal modes. Throughout the time interval in which the two microplasmas are coupled electrostatically, the acceptor plasma is elongated and displaced by 75–100 μm (∼30% of its diameter) in the direction of the microchannel. The depletion of charge in the microchannel results in an immediate transition of the second (acceptor) microplasma to an equilibrium state in which the plasma is azimuthally symmetric and centered within its microcavity. Switching between these two spatial modes requires a shift (in the plasma centroid) of ∼80 μm in &amp;lt;50 ns which corresponds to a velocity of 1.6 km/s. Precise control of this plasma phase transition through device fabrication, and modulation of the donor plasma electric field, suggest applications of this plasma coupling and charge transport mechanism to signal processing, photonics, and electromagnetics.
Perowskit als Lichtabsorptionsmaterial: ein Durchbruch in der Photovoltaik (2014)

Abstract Es geschieht nicht oft, dass die Forschung auf ein Material stößt, das zu größten Hoffnungen Anlass gibt und von verschiedenster Seite Interesse erfährt. Wenn es geschieht, verläuft die Entwicklung rasant. Ein solches Material ist Perowskit, das gänzlich neue Konzepte in der Energieumwandlung angestoßen hat. Perowskite sind aufgrund ihrer panchromatischen Lichtabsorption und ihrem ambipolaren Verhalten von herausragendem Interesse als Material für die Photovoltaik. Der maximale Wirkungsgrad von Perowskit‐Solarzellen hat sich in weniger als einem Jahr verdoppelt und erreicht nun Werte von 15 % unter Laborbedingungen. Dies ist besonders markant in einem wissenschaftlichen und industriellen Umfeld, in dem jede Steigerung in der Nachkommastelle als Erfolg gefeiert und breit diskutiert wird. Wir fassen hier den Stand der Forschung bei der Verwendung von Perowskitmaterialien für Solarzellen zusammen.
Hybrid III-V on SOI nanolaser diodes (2017)

We demonstrate a novel class of compact and power efficient optoelectronic devices integrated on SOI photonic circuit based on InP photonic crystals nanocavities. In particular, results on electrically injected hybrid nanolasers will be shown.
Generalized representations and universal aspects of Lamb wave dispersion relations (2010)

Due to the dependence on a limited amount of parameters, the dispersion relations of Lamb waves can be presented in a generalized way. This is exemplified for the different established typical representations. Special attention is given to the representation of the momentum on energy, which is well suited to discuss basic features since energy as well as momentum is the properties which are strictly conserved in loss free homogeneous materials. Representations involving the phase and group velocity are discussed. Features related to level crossing of interacting modes and relations to basic mechanical properties especially relevant to Lamb waves are included in the presentation and discussion.
Recovering Motion Fields: An Evaluation of Eight Optical Flow Algorithms (1998)

Evaluating the performance of optical flow algorithms has been difficult because of the lack of ground-truth data sets for complex scenes. We describe a simple modification to a ray tracer that allows us to generate ground-truth motion fields for scenes of arbitrary complexity. The resulting flow maps are used to assist in the comparison of eight optical flow algorithms using three complex, synthetic scenes. Our study found that a modified version of Lucas and Kanade’s algorithm has superior performance but produces sparse flow maps. Proesmans et al.’s algorithm performs slightly worse, on average, but produces a very dense depth map.
Stillborn child with diffuse SARS-CoV-2 viral infection of multiple organs (2021)

In May 2020, a pregnant woman in her 37th pregnancy week was diagnosed with COVID-19 in St. Petersburg in Russia. All treatments failed and the patient died after 11 days due to acute respiratory distress syndrome. A stillborn child was removed by caesarian section. Pathological investigations showed that the child died due to antenatal asphyxia with aspiration pneumonia. The child was positive for SARS-CoV-2 and immunohistochemical investigations showed viral infection and cellular changes in several organs such as pancreas, brain, spleen, and adrenals. These results emphasize the importance of vaccinating pregnant women against SARS-CoV-2.
Multimodal Quantitative Analysis of Early Pulsed-Dye Laser Treatment of Scars at a Pediatric Burn Hospital (2012)

PDL treatment in combination with CT appears to reduce scar hyperemia and height and normalize the biomechanical properties of burn-related scars.
Critical behavior of three organosiloxane de Vries-type liquid crystals observed via the dielectric response (2011)

Dielectric measurements have been made on three organosiloxane liquid crystal compounds exhibiting a smectic A (SmA) to smectic C* (SmC*) transition, the SmA phase being of the de Vries type. The electroclinic response of the molecules in the de Vries phase of these compounds exhibits a double-peak profile, and is thus different from the conventional chiral SmA phase, a feature explained on the basis of an antiferroelectric (AF) block model (Krishna Prasad et al 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 147802). The differential interactions arising from the different molecular ends of these siloxane-based compounds, which are the basis for the AF block model, can also be expected to enhance the layer translational order. We present x-ray integrated intensity data that show a high (~0.9) translational order in the SmA phase. Dielectric relaxation spectra bring out the fact that the magnitude of the soft mode relaxation parameters is dependent on the number of siloxane groups in the terminal part of the molecule. A range-shrinking analysis of the temperature-dependent dielectric relaxation strength has been carried out, using a power-law expression. The characteristic exponent shows a systematic growth with range shrinking and reaches limiting values comparable to that predicted for the 2D Ising universality class.
Measurements of transient thermal strains in a disk-drive actuator (2002)

An optical apparatus was built to measure the thermal strain which manifests itself in the tilt of the actuator. Undergoing a heating-cooling, the actuator exhibits a hysterisis in the thermally-induced tilt. There are four regimes in the evolution of the thermal field in either the heating or the cooling phases. Hysteresis in tilt is caused by a reversal of the tilt direction as the actuator changes its thermal regimes. Analyses of a thermal model for actuator find that the first two regimes are dominated by heat transmission from coil to its immediate, contacting components. In contrast, it is the air conduction from coil to its adjacent components that plays a major role in the latter two regimes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
An automatic extraction algorithm of high voltage transmission lines from airborne LIDAR point cloud data (2018)

To improve the effectiveness and generality of existing methods of high voltage (HV) transmission lines extraction, this paper proposes a novel automatic extraction method of HV transmission lines using airborne LIDAR point cloud data by incorporating the geography of transmission corridors and the distribution characteristics of airborne LIDAR point cloud data. The proposed method results in the separation of ground objects by using a differentiation height threshold segmentation algorithm based on subspace features, which divide long-distance space into several small-distance space sets to improve the generality of the algorithm. A height density segmentation algorithm is used to locate transmission towers and extract point cloud data of HV transmission lines to improve the efficiency of the algorithm. Feasibility test cases show that the proposed method can automatically extract HV transmission lines from airborne LIDAR point cloud data in flat terrains, canyon terrains, and steep slope terrains in an efficient manner, with high accuracy and generality.
A GPS Coverage Model (1992)

The results of several case studies using the Global Positioning System coverage model developed at Ohio University are summarized. Presented are results pertaining to outage area, outage dynamics, and availability. Input parameters to the model include the satellite orbit data, service area of interest, geometry requirements, and horizon and antenna mask angles. It is shown for precision-landing Category 1 requirements that the planned GPS 21 Primary Satellite Constellation produces significant outage area and unavailability. It is also shown that a decrease in the user equivalent range error dramatically decreases outage area and improves the service availability.
Electrochemical Properties of Al Doped Li(Ni<sub>1/3</sub>Co<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>)O<sub>2</sub> (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Pim Kinases Promote Migration and Metastatic Growth of Prostate Cancer Xenografts (2015)

Our results indicate that Pim overexpression enhances the invasive properties of prostate cancer cells in vivo. These effects can be reduced by the Pim-selective inhibitor DHPCC-9, which can reach tumor tissues without serious side effects. Thus, Pim-targeting therapies with DHPCC-9-like compounds may help to prevent progression of local prostate carcinomas to fatally metastatic malignancies.
Antibiotics: How Misuse can cause Problems for the World (2011)

Antibiotic resistance has become an issue as fewer options for treating resistance diseases are available. We realized there was an issue with an abuse of antibiotics, so we created a survey and sent it to the undergraduate class to evaluate the extent. We found that the primary issue is a lack of knowledge about the difference between bacterial and viral diseases.
Color Interpolation Based on Colorization for RGB-White Color Filter Array (2017)

Recently, RGB-White(RGBW) sensors have been developed to take advantages of high-sensitive white(W) channel. Especially in the low light condition, the W channel has better SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) characteristics than other color channels. In this paper, a new color interpolation method for the RGBW sensor is proposed. To make the best use of the high-sensitive W channel, we use a random pattern RGBW Color Filter Array(CFA). The most of pixels in the CFA sample the W channel values, when a small number of pixels sample the R, G, and B channel values respectively. At the initial step, missing W channel values in positions of pixels which sample the R, G, and B channel are estimated by edge adaptive scheme. After that, the color difference channels, i.e., R-W, G-W, and B-W, are estimated by the scheme of colorization. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than the results from Bayer CFA in terms of SNR and object discrimination.
Graphene-Enabled Adaptive Infrared Textiles (2020)

Interactive clothing requires sensing and display functionalities to be embedded on textiles. Despite the significant progress of electronic textiles, the integration of optoelectronic materials on fabrics remains as an outstanding challenge. In this Letter, using the electro-optical tunability of graphene, we report adaptive optical textiles with electrically controlled reflectivity and emissivity covering the infrared and near-infrared wavelengths. We achieve electro-optical modulation by reversible intercalation of ions into graphene layers laminated on fabrics. We demonstrate a new class of infrared textile devices including display, yarn, and stretchable devices using natural and synthetic textiles. To show the promise of our approach, we fabricated an active device directly onto a t-shirt, which enables long-wavelength infrared communication via modulation of the thermal radiation from the human body. The results presented here provide complementary technologies which could leverage the ubiquitous use of functional textiles.
Representative Video Action Discovery Using Interactive Non-negative Matrix Factorization (2015)

In this paper, we develop an interactive Non-negative Matrix Factorization method for representative action video discovery. The original video is first evenly segmented into some short clips and the bag-of-words model is used to describe each clip. Then a temporal consistent Non-negative Matrix Factorization model is used for clustering and action segmentation. Since the clustering and segmentation results may not satisfy the user’s intention, two extra human operations: MERGE and ADD are developed to permit user to improve the results. The newly developed interactive Non-negative Matrix Factorization method can therefore generate personalized results. Experimental results on the public Weizman dataset demonstrate that our approach is able to improve the action discovery and segmentation results.
Multigroup Flux-limited Diffusion Neutrino Transport Simulations for Magnetized and Rotating Core-Collapse Supernovae (2006)

We report a current status of our radiation‐magnetohydrodynamic code for the study of core‐collapse supernovae. In this contribution, we discuss the accuracy of our newly developed numerical code by presenting the test problem in a static background model. We also present the application to the spherically symmetric core‐collapse simulations. Since close comparison with the previously published models is made, we are now applying it for the study of magnetorotational core‐collapse supernovae.
Nonlinear Normal Modes of a Full-Scale Aircraft (2011)

The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that the numerical computation of the nonlinear normal modes (NNMs) of complex real-world structures is now within reach. The application considered in this study is the airframe of the Morane-Saulnier Paris aircraft, whose ground vibration tests have exhibited some nonlinear structural behaviors. The finite element model of this aircraft, elaborated from drawings, has more than 80000 degrees of freedom, and softening nonlinearities exist in the connection between the external fuel tanks and the wing tips. From this model, a reduced-order model, which is accurate in the [0-100Hz] range, is constructed using the Craig-Bampton technique. The NNMs of the reduced model are then computed using a numerical algorithm combining shooting and pseudo-arclength continuation. The results show that the NNMs of this full-scale structure can be computed accurately even in strongly nonlinear regimes and with a reasonable computational burden. Nonlinear modal interactions are also highlighted by the algorithm and are discussed.
Comparative Genome Analysis of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Focusing on Phylogenomics, Functional Traits, and Prevalence of Antimicrobial and Virulence Genes (2021)

<i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> is a gram-positive, nonpathogenic, endospore-forming, member of a group of free-living soil bacteria with a variety of traits including plant growth promotion, production of antifungal and antibacterial metabolites, and production of industrially important enzymes. We have attempted to reconstruct the biogeographical structure according to functional traits and the evolutionary lineage of <i>B. amyloliquefaciens</i> using comparative genomics analysis. All the available 96 genomes of <i>B. amyloliquefaciens</i> strains were curated from the NCBI genome database, having a variety of important functionalities in all sectors keeping a high focus on agricultural aspects. In-depth analysis was carried out to deduce the orthologous gene groups and whole-genome similarity. Pan genome analysis revealed that shell genes, soft core genes, core genes, and cloud genes comprise 17.09, 5.48, 8.96, and 68.47%, respectively, which demonstrates that genomes are very different in the gene content. It also indicates that the strains may have flexible environmental adaptability or versatile functions. Phylogenetic analysis showed that <i>B. amyloliquefaciens</i> is divided into two clades, and clade 2 is further dived into two different clusters. This reflects the difference in the sequence similarity and diversification that happened in the <i>B. amyloliquefaciens</i> genome. The majority of plant-associated strains of <i>B. amyloliquefaciens</i> were grouped in clade 2 (73 strains), while food-associated strains were in clade 1 (23 strains). Genome mining has been adopted to deduce antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes and their prevalence among all strains. The genes <i>tmrB</i> and <i>yuaB</i> codes for tunicamycin resistance protein and hydrophobic coat forming protein only exist in clade 2, while <i>clpP</i>, which codes for serine proteases, is only in clade 1. Genome plasticity of all strains of <i>B. amyloliquefaciens</i> reflects their adaption to different niches.
Preyssler-type phosphotungstate is a new family of negative-staining reagents for the TEM observation of viruses (2022)

Abstract Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is an essential method in virology because it allows for direct visualization of virus morphology at a nanometer scale. Negative staining to coat virions with heavy metal ions must be performed before TEM observations to achieve sufficient contrast. Herein, we report that potassium salts of Preyssler-type phosphotungstates (K (15-n) [P 5 W 30 O 110 M n+ ], M = Na + , Ca 2+ , Ce 3+ , Eu 3+ , Bi 3+ , or Y 3+ ) are high-performance negative staining reagents. Additionally, we compare the staining abilities of these salts to those of uranyl acetate and Keggin-type phosphotungstate. The potassium salt of Preyssler-type phosphotungstates has the advantage of not requiring prior neutralization because it is a neutral compound. Moreover, the potassium counter-cation can be protonated by a reaction with H + -resin, allowing easy exchange of protons with other cations by acid–base reaction. Therefore, the counter-cations can be changed. Encapsulated cations can also be exchanged, and clear TEM images were obtained using Preyssler-type compounds with different encapsulated cations. Preyssler-type phosphotungstates may be superior negative staining reagents for observing virus. Polyoxotungstates (tungsten-oxide molecules with diverse molecular structures and properties) are thus promising tools to develop negative staining reagents for TEM observations.
Kettenverlängerung von Kohlenhydraten mit Hilfe von C‐Phenylglycin (1986)

Abstract Durch Ketenverlängerung mit Hilfe von C ‐Phenylglycin lassen sich peracetylierte Glycon‐und Glycuronsäuren mit Polyprenyl‐ und anderen Allylresten verknüpfen. Man erhält die β,γ‐ungesättigten Ketone 3 , die nach Schutzgruppenabspaltung in die Ketosen 4 übergeführt werden können. Die Reaktionssequenz erlaubt damit den formalen Ersatz eines Wasserstoffatoms am anomeren Zentrum einer Hexopyranose durch einen substituierten Allylrest.
A study on TSC of aging composite insulators (2005)

This paper is a roughly report on an experimental study on the thermally stimulated current (TSC) characteristics of composite insulators. The study is aim to investigate the possibility to evaluate the aging of composite insulator using the TSC characteristic of the composite insulators. In this paper, two different composite insulators were used as test samples. The experimental results of TSC show that the different samples have different TSC curves. Considering the hydrophobicity and SEM microstructure of test samples, it suggested that the TSC characteristics of composite insulators might be used as a referential criterion for evaluating the aging of composite insulators.
A Survey of Multivalued Memories (1986)

Techniques of storing multiple bits of information in a single memory location are reviewed. Any of several states can be stored in ROM's by adjusting the threshold voltage or the size of a particular memory device. In dynamic RAM's, this can be achieved by varying the charge stored on the cell capacitor. The peripheral circuitry required to distinguish between the states stored in the memory areas is discussed.
The authors reply (2017)

Soto, Graciela J. MD, MS; Kor, Daryl J. MD; Park, Pauline K. MD; Hou, Peter C. MD; Kaufman, David A. MD; Kim, Mimi ScD; Yadav, Hemang MBBS; Teman, Nicholas MD; Hsu, Michael BS; Shvilkina, Tatyana BS; Grewal, Yekaterina MD; De Aguirre, Manuel MD; Gunda, Sampath MD; Gajic, Ognjen MD; Gong, Michelle Ng MD, MS Author Information
Coagulase-negative strains of Staphylococcus pyogenes (1972)

The isolation of two coagulase-negative strains of Staphylococcus pyogenes is reported, and their biochemical characteristics are given. The reliability of coagulase tests alone in the identification of Staph. pyogenes is discussed, and the deoxyribonuclease test is recommended as a useful confirmatory test.
COMPLICATIONS OF LAPAROSCOPIC PROCEDURES AFTER CONCENTRATED TRAINING IN UROLOGICAL LAPAROSCOPY (2001)

The complication rate of surgeons who completed at least 12 months of laparoscopy training did not differ according to initial versus subsequent surgical experience. Intensive training seems to decrease the impact of the learning curve for laparoscopy.