gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Channel estimation and training design for MIMO-OFDM two-way relay systems (2012)

In this paper we consider two-way relaying systems consisting of two end users, N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , which exchange their information with the help of a relay, R. The three terminals are equipped with multiple antennas. The information exchange process between N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> are divided into two phases. Both N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> send their information to R at the first phase. The relay will amplify its received signals and transmit the resultant signals back to N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> at the second phase. The end users estimate the necessary channel coefficients to decode the signals; therefore, the processing burden on the relay is reduced. In this paper, a least-squared based estimation method is proposed to estimate those coefficients. Optimal pilot vectors are also proposed to minimize the mean-square-error (MSE) of channel estimation. Furthermore, the proposed training signals has the peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR) of 1.
Belatacept-Based Maintenance Immunosuppression Controls the Post-Transplant Humoral Immune Response in Highly Sensitized Nonhuman Primates (2022)

Preexisting donor-specific antibodies (DSA) to MHC antigens increase the risk of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in sensitized transplant recipients and reduces graft survival. Pretransplant desensitization with costimulation blockade and proteasome inhibition has facilitated transplantation in our preclinical nonhuman primate (NHP) model. However, long-term graft survival is limited by rebound of DSA after transplantation. In this study, we performed kidney transplants between highly sensitized, maximally MHC-mismatched NHPs (<i>n</i>=14). At kidney transplantation, primates received T cell depletion with rhesus-specific anti-thymocyte globulin (rhATG; <i>n</i>=10) or monoclonal anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 antibodies (<i>n</i>=4). Maintenance immunosuppression consisted of belatacept and tacrolimus (<i>n</i>=5) or belatacept and rapamycin (<i>n</i>=9) with steroids. Rebound of DSA post-kidney transplantation was significantly reduced compared with maintenance immunosuppression with tacrolimus, mycophenolate, and steroids. Protocol lymph node biopsy specimens showed a decrease in germinal center activity, with low frequencies of T follicular helper cells and class-switched B cells after kidney transplantation. Combined belatacept and rapamycin was superior in controlling viral reactivation, enabling weaning of ganciclovir prophylaxis. Tacrolimus was associated with increased morbidity that included cytomegalovirus and parvovirus viremia and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. All primates in the tacrolimus/belatacept group failed discontinuation of antiviral therapy. Overall, belatacept-based immunosuppression increased AMR-free graft survival by controlling post-transplant humoral responses in highly sensitized NHP recipients and should be further investigated in a human clinical trial.
MC1R reduces scarring and rescues stalled healing in a preclinical chronic wound model (2022)

Abstract Cutaneous healing results in scarring with significant functional and psychological sequelae, while chronic non-healing wounds represent repair failure often with devastating consequences, including amputation and death. Due to a lack of effective therapies, novel interventions addressing scarring and chronic wounds are urgently needed. Here, we demonstrate that harnessing melanocortin 1 receptor with a selective agonist (MC1R-Ag) confers multifaceted benefits to wound repair. MC1R-Ag accelerates wound closure and re-epithelialization while improving wound bed perfusion and lymphatic drainage by promoting angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Concomitant reductions in oxidative stress, inflammation and scarring were also observed. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of targeting MC1R in pathological healing, we established a novel murine model that recapitulates the hallmarks of human non-healing wounds. This model combines advanced age and locally elevated oxidative stress. Remarkably, topical application of MC1R-Ag restored repair, whereas disrupting MC1R signalling exacerbated the chronic wound phenotype. Our study highlights MC1R agonism as a promising therapeutic approach for scarring and non-healing wound pathologies, and our chronic wound model as a valuable tool for elucidating ulcer development mechanisms.
Mice overexpressing CRH show reduced responsiveness in plasma corticosterone after a 5‐HT1A receptor challenge (2002)

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) overproduction and serotonergic dysfunction have both been implicated in a range of psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and depression, and several studies have shown interactions between these two neurotransmitter systems. In this study, we investigated the effects of CRH challenge on hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity in female transgenic mice overproducing CRH. Furthermore, the effects of mild stress on HPA axis activity and body temperature were investigated in these mice. Pre- and post-synaptic 5-HT1A receptor function were studied by monitoring body temperature and plasma corticosterone levels after challenge with the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propyl-amino)-tetralin (8-OH-DPAT). Hypothermia in response to 8-OH-DPAT treatment did not differ between transgenic and wild type mice, indicating unaltered somatodendritic 5-HT1A autoreceptor function in mice overproducing CRH. In wild type mice 8-OH-DPAT increased plasma corticosterone levels, but not in transgenic animals. CRH injection, however, increased corticosterone levels in both groups. These data suggest desensitization of post-synaptic, but not pre-synaptic, 5-HT1A receptors in mice overproducing CRH. These findings resemble those seen in depressed patients following 5-HT1A challenge, which is in accord with the hypothesized role of CRH in the pathogenesis of depression.
Latest developments in the microwave processing of oil contaminated drill cuttings (2010)

The paper presents very recent results from a novel continuous, pilot scale microwave treatment process for the continuous treatment of oil contaminated drill cuttings. The requirements of a commercial scale system are outlined, and the necessary scale-up challenges are highlighted. The process has been developed for the remediation of contaminated drill cuttings at source, i.e. on offshore oil platforms of remote installations, with minimal demand for utilities and a very small footprint. The process separates the contaminant oil from the drill cuttings, leading to an inert solid material and an oil product that can potentially be reused within the mud system. The process can remediate the cuttings to below 0.1% oil. The unique heating mechanisms obtained using microwave treatment mean that the recovered oil is not degraded as can be the case with conventional thermal desorption or mechanical processes. The energy requirements are of the order of 100 kWh per tonne of cuttings treated, significantly lower than current technologies. This process has the potential to replace ship-to-shore practices for drill cuttings treatment, and provide a remediation option with a significantly lower energy requirement and CO2 footprint than existing technologies.
Fabrication and characterization of metal-to-metal interconnect structures for 3-D integration (2009)

The use of collapsible (solder) bump interconnects in pixel detector hybridization has been shown to be very successful. However, as pixel sizes decrease, the use of non-collapsible metal-to-metal bump bonding methods is needed to push the interconnect dimensions smaller. Furthermore, these interconnects are compatible with 3D intgration technologies which are being considered to increase overall pixel and system performance. These metal-to-metal bonding structures provide robust mechanical and electrical connections and allow for a dramatic increase in pixel density. Of particular interest are Cu-Cu thermocompression bonding and Cu/Sn-Cu solid-liquid diffusion bonding processes. Working with Fermilab, RTI undertook a demonstration to show that these bump structures could be reliably used to interconnect devices designed with 20 micron I/O pitch. Cu and Cu/Sn bump fabrication processes were developed to provide a well-controlled surface topography necessary for the formation of low resistance, high yielding, and reliable interconnects. The electrical resistance and yield has been quantified based on electrical measurements of daisy chain test structures and the mechanical strength of the bonding has been quantified through die shear testing. The reliability has been characterized through studies of the impact of thermal exposure on the mechanical performance of the bonds. Cross-section SEM analysis, coupled with high resolution energy dispersive spectroscopy, has provided insight into the physical and chemical nature of the bonding interfaces and aided in the evaluation of the long-term stability of the bonds.
Detection and typing ofBorrelia burgdorferisensu lato genospecies inIxodes persulcatusticks in West Siberia, Russia (2003)

The prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) genospecies in West Siberia as well as in many other regions of Russia remains insufficiently investigated. In the present study a total of 151 adult female ticks Ixodes persulcatus Schulze, collected at three localities in eastern regions of West Siberia, where Lyme disease is endemic, were examined for the presence of the spirochete B. burgdorferi s.l. by polymerase chain reaction targeting the 23S-5S rRNA intergenic spacer regions. Spirochetal DNA was detected in on average 15.2+/-3.0% of the ticks examined. The infection rate of adult ticks with B. burgdorferi s.l. at various localities ranged from 8.6+/-3.4% to 29.0+/-7.6%, being greatest in the northernmost site studied and decreasing southwards. The restriction patterns obtained after MseI digestion of the 23S-5S rRNA intergenic spacer amplicons assigned 23 DNA samples to the following genomic groups: 19 to B. garinii (12 to group NT29 and seven to group 20047(T)), three to B. afzelii, and one to mixed B. afzelii and B. garinii NT29. We have not detected other genospecies, which were found in ticks in Europe, the Russian Far East and Japan. Thus, the ticks examined were associated only with two genospecies of Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. pathogenic to humans (B. garinii and B. afzelii), and B. garinii was the major genospecies infecting adult I. persulcatus in eastern regions of West Siberia.
Design of Compact and Auto-Compensated Single-Layer Chipless RFID Tag (2012)

This paper presents a new radio frequency identification (RFID) chipless tag that is highly compact and potentially low-cost. This tag has a lot of advantages, such as being fully printable on products since no ground plane is needed for fabrication. The actual issue of the chipless tag family having a single layer, that is, their detuning effect, is compensated for the first time by a correction technique based on the use of a sensing resonator. The design is based on multiple λ/4 coplanar strip-line resonators where resonant frequencies can be shifted by setting an additional short circuit at particular locations. An accurate model is proposed to easily link the footprint of the structure to the resonant frequency. Considering a frequency resolution of 50 MHz for the reading system and a tag dimension of 15 × 20 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , 9 b can be encoded in the frequency band 2.0-5.5 GHz. Several experimental results validate the proposed design as well as its implementation in a realistic application and environment.
Abstract 98: A novel mouse model for intestinal serrated polyposis (2014)

Abstract Serrated polyps have recently been proposed to comprise at least 30% of the origins of human colorectal cancer (CRC). Unlike adenomatous polyps, which are initiated by APC/β-catenin mutations, the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying the serrated pathway that leads to serrated polyp initiation and progression remain poorly understood. Here we describe a novel genetically modified mouse model of serrated polyposis via conditional activation of SMAD7, an inhibitory SMAD protein, in the intestinal epithelia. We show that SMAD7 activation is sufficient to drive serrated polyp initiation and progression to aggressive adenocarcinoma in both mouse intestine and colon. Mechanistically, we find that SMAD7-induced foci formation in non-transformed intestinal epithelial cells in vitro and serrated polyposis in vivo are Wnt/β-catenin independent. Furthermore, we find that, in addition to its regulation of TGFβ/BMP pathway, SMAD7 interacts with BRAF/MAPK signaling to regulate serrated polyposis. Taken together, our studies implicate for the first time the involvement of SMAD7 in serrated polyposis and reveal a potential novel molecular mechanism underlying the serrated polyp pathway. Citation Format: Jennifer Cotton, He Huang, Mihir Rajurkar, Junhao Mao. A novel mouse model for intestinal serrated polyposis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 98. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-98
Toughening of aromatic diamine‐cured trifunctional epoxy resins by modification with N‐phenylmaleimide–styrene copolymers containing pendant p‐hydroxyphenyl groups (1995)

Abstract N ‐Phenylmaleimide (PMI)– N ‐( p ‐hydroxy)phenylmaleimide (HPMI)–styrene (St) terpolymers (HPMS), containing pendant p ‐hydroxyphenyl (HP) groups, were prepared and used to improve the toughness of triglycidyl aminocresol epoxy resin cured with p , p ′‐diaminodiphenyl sulfone. HPMS was effective as a modifier for the toughening of the epoxy resin. When using 15 wt % of HPMS (1.0 mol % HP unit, M w 129,000), the fracture toughness ( K IC ) for the modified resin increased 190% with a medium loss of flexural strength. The toughening of epoxies could be attained because of the cocontinuous phase structure of the modified resins. The decrease in flexural strength was suppressed to some extent by introducing a functional group into the modifier. The toughening mechanism was discussed in terms of the morphological behavior of the modified epoxy resin system. © 1995 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
ESC National Societies Cardiovascular Journals Editors´ Network Championing cardiovascular health innovation in Europe (2013)

The Cardiovascular Round Table (CRT)[1] is an independent forum established by the European Society of Cardiology to facilitate the exchange of scientific knowledge between cardiologists and representatives of the pharmaceutical and medical device industries. Its purpose is to provide a non-commercial environment within which experts can freely discuss future issues in cardiovascular medicine and consider the merits of new diagnostics and treatment techniques. The CRT is concerned that a new epidemic of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is gaining ground in Europe as a result of the growing prevalence of metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes, and comes at a time when support for innovation in cardiovascular medicine is waning. The epidemic represents a massive challenge in terms of managing avoidable disease and death, but it is also a huge opportunity for EU universities, companies, and healthcare providers to be at the forefront of a global response.
The Probable Identity of Sphyraena chrysotaenia from the Red Sea and Arabia with S. aureoflamma from the Philippines, with Notes on Naso vomer and N. Lopezi (1940)

George S. Myers, The Probable Identity of Sphyraena chrysotaenia from the Red Sea and Arabia with S. aureoflamma from the Philippines, with Notes on Naso vomer and N. Lopezi, Copeia, Vol. 1940, No. 2 (Jul. 28, 1940), p. 143
Life span extension of xanthine oxidoreductase knockout mouse by increase of HPRT activity (2018)

Purpose: Xanthinuria caused by a mutation in the xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) gene is asymptomatic in humans, but Xor knockout (Xor-KO) mice were reported to die from renal failure until 4 weeks of age. Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) activity of human is higher than that of experimental mice. However the HPRT activity of wild mice is higher than that of experimental mice. When Xor-KO mice with high activity of HPRT were prepared, one mouse survived to 12 weeks of age, while another mouse survived until 23 weeks of age. The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanism by which the life span of Xor-KO mouse is increased by the increase of HPRT activity. Methods: High HPRT activity Xor-KO mice were produced by crossbreeding with a consomic mouse whose region of Xchromosome containing Hprt gene is derived from wild mice but other genome is derived from C57BL/6 mice. Urinary Substances of High or low HPRT activity Xor-KO mice were separated by HPLC and were detected by UV detector. Results: In a low HPRT activity Xor-KO mouse, which died at 7 weeks of age, the excretion of xanthine decreased with increasing excretion of hypoxanthine without changing the total amount of urinary purine excretion. At one week before death, hypoxanthine excretion of low HPRT activity Xor-KO mouse was 2.5 times higher than that of high HPRT activity Xor-KO mice. Prior to death of high HPRT activity Xor-KO mice, the excretion of xanthine and its precursor xanthosine decreased as the excretion of hypoxanthine and its precursor inosine were increased.
ChemInform Abstract: FIRM EVIDENCE FOR CIS‐AMINOPALLADATION IN THE REACTION OF 1‐AMINOHEXATRIENES WITH PALLADIUM DICHLORIDE (1985)

Abstract In Gegenwart des Komplexes (II) cyclisiert das Aminotrien‐System (I) zum Azepin (III).
Embroidered and surface coated polycaprolactone-co-lactide scaffolds (2012)

Tissue engineering and regenerative techniques targeting bone include a broad range of strategies and approaches to repair, augment, replace or regenerate bone tissue. Investigations that are aimed at optimization of these strategies until clinical translation require control of systemic factors as well as modification of a broad range of key parameters. This article reviews a possible strategy using a tissue engineering approach and systematically describes a series of experiments evaluating the properties of an embroidered and surface coated polycaprolactone-co-lactide scaffold being considered as bone graft substitute for large bone defects. The scaffold design and fabrication, the scaffolds properties, as well as its surface modification and their influence in vitro are evaluated, followed by in vivo analysis of the scaffolds using orthotopic implantation models in small and large animals.
La familia Pyramidellidae Gray, 1840 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Heterostropha) en África Occidental. 2. Los géneros Turbonilla y Eulimella (1997)

The Atlantic species of the genera <em>Turbonilla </em>(s.l.) and <em>Eulimella </em>(Heterostropha, Pyramidellidae) cited or found in the West coast of Africa are reviewed. Specimens studied and localities are indicated for each species, stablishing the taxa considered valid and its synonyms. In all, 61 species of the genus <em>Turbonilla </em>are described, 23 are considered as new to science and described for first time in the present paper. Within the genus <em>Eulimella </em>23 species are mentioned, 7 of them are described as new. For each species, data on their geographic distribution range, previously known and new information are reported. A key to species on both genera is included.
A Systematic Review of Patient Engagement Experiences in Brain Disorders (2022)

Findings are inconclusive due to methodological differences. Comparison between studies was difficult due to differences in patients, form of engagements, and total duration of engagement of patients. Experiences of patient engagement mainly concern adherence to medical treatments or participation of "expert patients" in clinical trials, but very rarely the governance of R&I according to the dictates of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI). More structuralized, well-conducted and comparable Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) are needed to be able to make evidence-based recommendations on how to increase effective patient engagement in research and innovation and assess the impact and (cost)-effectiveness.
Current Progress in CNS Imaging of Myotonic Dystrophy (2018)

Neuroimaging in myotonic dystrophies provided a major contribution to the insight into brain involvement which is highly prevalent in these multisystemic disorders. Particular in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1, conventional MRI first revealed hyperintense white matter lesions, predominantly localized in the anterior temporal lobe. Brain atrophy and ventricle enlargement were additional early findings already described almost 30 years ago. Since then, more advanced and sophisticated imaging methods have been applied in Myotonic Dystrophy Types 1 and 2. Involvement of actually normal appearing white matter and widespread cortical affection in PET studies were key results toward the recognition of diffuse and not only focally localized brain pathology <i>in vivo</i>. Later, structural abnormalities of both, gray and white matter, have been found in both forms of the disorder, albeit more prominent in myotonic dystrophy type 1. In Type 1, a consistent widespread cortical and subcortical involvement of gray and white matter affecting all lobes, brainstem and cerebellum was observed. Spectroscopy studies gave additional evidence of neuronal and glial damage in both types. Central questions regarding the origin and spatiotemporal evolution of the CNS involvement and its relevance for clinical symptoms had already been raised 30 years ago, however are still not answered. Results of correlation analyses between neuroimaging and clinical parameters are diverse and with few exceptions not well reproducible across studies. It may be related to the fact that most of the reported studies included only small numbers of subjects, sometimes even not separating Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 from Type 2. But this heterogeneity may also support the current point of view that the clinical impairments are not simply linked to specific and regionally circumscribed structural or functional brain alterations. It seems more convincing that disturbed networks build the functional and structural substrate of clinical symptoms in these disorders as it is proposed in other neuropsychiatric diseases. Consecutively, structural and functional network analyses may provide additional information regarding the link between brain pathology and clinical symptoms. Up to now, only cross-sectional neuroimaging studies have been published. To analyze the temporal evolution of brain affection, longitudinal studies are urgently needed, and systematic natural history data would be useful to identify potential biomarkers for therapeutic studies.