gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Model Order Reduction Based Sensitivity Analysis of Coronagraph Pupil Aperture (2022)

In this paper, the coronagraph pupil–mask system is modeled and simulated with the method of moments (MoM) to obtain the mutually orthogonal pupil modes. A model-order-reduction-based sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the coupling between different pupil modes induced by factors like phase abberations, which can be utilized to optimize the shape of deformable mirrors to obtain a sharp image of exoplanets. A numerical example concerning the next generation space telescope coronagraph is given to validate and demonstrate the capability of the proposed method.
La resolución de problemas matemáticos : creatividad y razonamiento en la mente de los niños (2010)

Obra premiada con el galardon 'Metodologia Creativa' por el Instituto Europeo de las Creatividades (IECR)
SEMANTICS IN DIGITAL PHOTOS: A CONTENXTUAL ANALYSIS (2008)

Interpreting the semantics of a photo is a hard problem. However, for storing and indexing large multimedia collections, it is essential to build systems that can automatically extract semantics from digital photos. In this research we show how we can fuse content and context to extract semantics from digital photographs. Our experiments show that if we can properly model context associated with media, we can interpret semantics using only a part of high dimensional content data.
Clinical, pathologic, and genomic profiles of exceptional responders to anti−PD1 therapy in renal cell carcinoma. (2016)

625 Background: Previous studies have correlated response to PD−1 blockade with PD−L1 over−expression, as well as cell−mediated immune transcripts). However, factors associated with long−term, durable response to nivolumab in patients with RCC have not yet been elucidated. To better understand these factors, we conducted a study to characterize the two extremes of response to therapy – exceptional responders who had durable, complete response and patients who had primary refractory disease. Methods: Patients with durable, complete response (“exceptional responders”) (n=4) and primary refractory disease (n=3) were analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining for PD−L1, CD8 and FOXP3, whole−exome sequencing and quantitative RNA expression profiling was performed and correlated with clinical outcomes. Results: Exceptional responders had trends toward greater CD8+ lymphocyte infiltrate (126.7 vs 28.8 lymphocytes/hpf), higher number of somatic mutations (67 vs 35 somatic mutations/genome), and higher number of predicted mutation associated neoantigens than primary refractory patients (44 vs 8). Expression analysis demonstrated acute phase and immune tolerance signatures in primary refractory patients, while exceptional responders had higher expression of T cell and innate immune signatures. Conclusions: Exceptional responders and primary refectory patients have distinct pathologic, genomic and RNA expression profiles. Larger studies are needed to fully elucidate the basis of response to PD−1 blockade in patients with renal cell carcinoma.
Towards Cognitive Medical Robotics in Minimal Invasive Surgery (2013)

Up to date, medical robots for minimal invasive surgery do not provide assistance appropriate to the workflow of the intervention. A simple concept of a cognitive system is presented, which is derived from a classic closed-loop control. As implementation, we present a cognitive medical robot system using lightweight robots with redundant kinematics. The robot system includes several control modes and human-machine interfaces. We focus on describing knowledge acquisition about the workflow of an intervention and present two example applications utilizing the acquired knowledge: autonomous camera guidance and planning of minimal invasive port (trocar) positions in combination with an initial robot setup. Port planning is described as optimization problem. The autonomous camera system includes a mid-term movement prediction of the ongoing intervention. The cognitive approach to a medical robot system includes taking the environment into account. The goal is to create a system that acts as a human assistant, who perceives the situation, understands the context based on his knowledge and acts appropriate.
Modular elements of the MLC 1f/3f locus confer fiber‐specific transcription regulation in transgenic mice (1996)

The two proteins encoded by the fast alkali myosin light chain (MLC) 1f/3f locus are developmentally regulated, muscle specific, and expressed exclusively in fast-twitch fibers. Their expression is independently regulated by two separate promoters and a downstream enhancer. Previous studies showed a reporter gene directed by the rat MLC 1f promoter and MLC enhancer to exhibit correct skeletal muscle-specific expression in transgenic mice during development and to be preferentially expressed in fast-twitch Type IIB fibers [Donoghue et al., (1991) J. Cell Biol. 115:423–434]. The MLC 3f promoter also directed muscle-specific expression of a CAT reporter gene in adult transgenic mice and showed little dependence upon the enhancer. Here, we show that the MLC 3f promoter also directs transgene expression in the fast-twitch fibers of adult skeletal muscle, but almost exclusively to fiber Types IIA and IIX. MLC 3f transgene expression occurs in only a subset of the fiber types that express the endogenous locus, indicating modular elements included in the transgene confer fiber-specific transcription regulation. MyoD protein was also found to be restricted to fiber Types IIA and IIX, providing evidence for its possible role in mediating fiber-specific gene expression. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
MICOM Program in Light Control by Light. (1982)

Abstract : In this paper, we present calculational results and analysis for the effects of coherent pump dynamics, propagation, transverse and diffraction effects on SF emission from an optically-pumped three-level system. The full nonlinear, co-propagational aspects of the injuect pump pulse, together with the SF which evolves are explicitly treated in the calculation. Not only do our results relate strongly to previous calculations and experimental results in SF, but we introduce and demonstrate a new concept in nonlinear light-matter interactions, which we call light control by light. We show how characteristics of the Sf can be controlled by specifying certain characteristics of the injection pulse. This leads to possible applications in laser pulse control and shaping, nonlinear optical information encoding, and unique pulsed LADAR and millimeter wavelength sources.
Nursing homes--structure and selected characteristics, 1987 and 1996. (1998)

This paper briefly describes changes in the nursing home market over a nine-year period, 1987 to 1996. Estimates are based on the "Institutional Population Component" of the 1987 National Medical Expenditure Survey (NMES) and the "Nursing Home Component" of the 1996 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). Both surveys were sponsored by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research. On January 1, 1996, approximately 1.56 million residents were receiving care in 16,840 nursing homes with 1.76 million beds. This compares to 1.36 million residents in 14,050 nursing homes with 1.48 million beds in 1987, increases of 15, 20 and 19 percent, respectively. The average size of a nursing home remained constant. The occupancy rate decreased from 92 percent in 1987 to 89 percent in 1996, in spite of the growth of the elderly population, both in relative and absolute terms. There was also a significant drop in the supply of nursing home beds relative to the elderly population; this decrease was observed in all four regions of the country, with the greatest drop being in the West. In 1987 only 28 percent of nursing homes were certified by both Medicare and Medicaid (dually certified), while this proportion increased to 73 percent in 1996. Conversely, while only 17 percent of nursing homes were certified by only Medicaid in 1996, a full 50 percent were certified as such in 1987. By far the most common type of nursing home in both 1987 and 1996 was the nursing home with only nursing home beds. Such nursing homes represented 87 percent of the market in 1987 but just 77 percent in 1996. The remaining were either hospital-based or nursing homes with personal care and/or independent living beds in addition to nursing home beds or were part of a continuing care retirement community.
Alternative splicing of the human diacylglycerol kinase ζ gene in muscle (1997)

Diacylglycerol can function as a second messenger, and one mechanism for the attenuation of this signal is its conversion to phosphatidic acid, which is catalyzed by diacylglycerol kinase (DGK). We screened a cDNA library from human skeletal muscle and isolated two DGKzeta cDNAs that differed from the 3.5-kb clone originally identified in endothelial cells. One transcript, which was 3.4 kb long, was shown to be nonfunctional; it had a 77-bp deletion that included the translation initiation site. The other was 4.1 kb long with a unique 5' sequence of 853 bp. We also isolated a genomic clone of DGKzeta and determined its organization and location; it contains 32 exons, spans approximately 50 kb of genomic sequence, and maps to chromosome 11p11.2. The protein encoded by the 4.1-kb transcript contains two cysteine-rich regions, a catalytic domain, and ankyrin repeats like the endothelial form of DGKzeta, as well as a unique N-terminal domain. The coding sequence was shown to be derived from alternative splicing of the DGKzeta gene. In cells transfected with the 4.1-kb clone, we detected a 130-kDa protein with an antibody to DGKzeta and demonstrated that it was localized predominantly in the nucleus. We conclude that alternative splicing generates tissue-specific variants of DGKzeta that share some properties but may have unique ones as well.
Visual, refractive, and subjective outcomes after photorefractive keratectomy for myopia of 6 to 10 diopters using the Nidek laser (1999)

As long as the patients are informed of the limitations of PRK for myopia, the results are acceptable.
An Introduction to 60 GHz Communication Systems: Regulation and Services, Channel Propagation and Advanced Baseband Algorithms (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Technical Background to the WPAN Concept Millimeter-Wave Applications and Services Frequency Regulation and Standardization Issues Channel Propagation Characterization and Modeling Physical Layer Baseband Algorithms and Architectures Conclusions Acknowledgments References
Magnetic characterization of the primary state of bacterial photosynthesis (1982)

The results of reaction yield-detected magnetic resonance (RYDMR) experiments carried out on modified bacterial photosynthetic reaction centers (RCs) are interpreted in terms of a model that assigns the initial charge-separated radical ion-pair state, P(F), as the carrier of the spectrum. The radical pair theory, which has been invoked to explain magnetic field effects in RCs, was significantly expanded to take into consideration the electron dipole-dipole interaction. It is shown that this is the largest interaction between the components of the radical ion pair. Quantum statistical calculations are described simulating the RYDMR spectra and low-field effects in quinone-depleted RCs. The experimental data on which the simulations are based are (i) the magnitude of the field effect at 3,000 G, (ii) the field at which 0.5 of the maximal field effect is observed, (iii) the P(F) population as a function of time at zero magnetic field, (iv) the RYDMR linewidth for low microwave field strength, (v) the RYDMR intensity and width as a function of microwave field, and (vi) the maximum RYDMR intensity at H(I) approximately 2J. With this information it was found possible to characterize P(F) in terms of four parameters, two containing structural information and two with kinetic implications. These are the dipole-dipole interaction, D = -47 +/- 10 x 10(-4) cm(-1); the exchange interaction, J = -7.5 +/- 1.9 x 10(-4) cm(-1); and the inverse rate constants of the decay of the radical pair states with singlet and triplet spin functions, respectively, k(S) (-1) = 15 +/- 4 nsec and k(T) (-1) = 1.8 +/- 0.2 nsec. The structural and dynamic implications of these parameters are discussed.
Electrochemical Noise - the First Two Octaves (1998)

Abstract Electrochemical noise techniques have been used to study corrosion related processes since the early 1980's. Preliminary studies of the electrochemical characteristics of localised corrosion phenomena, in particular pitting and cavitation attack, established the sensitivity of the technique for the detection of spontaneous changes in corrosion processes. Throughout the last sixteen years, the fundamental principles and methodology behind the measurements has changed little, but with the advent of the computer age, improved data acquisition, signal processing, and fast analysis techniques have enabled the technique to be routinely used in the field. The evolution of electrochemical noise monitoring techniques is reviewed with relation to the development of electrochemical noise measurement for metallic corrosion, and the analysis and interpretation of the observed noise response. Practical site applications have been an intrinsic part of the evolutionary process, and the development of the technology is discussed with relation to the database obtained for a wide variety of corrosion circumstance.
New interconnect capacitance characterization method for multilevel metal CMOS processes (2003)

In this paper, a new method (ARPIC: automatic representation of patterns for interconnect characterization) of interconnect capacitance characterization is shown. ARPIC is a matrix of 1606 patterns containing the most frequent capacitive loads existing in a design. Its main purpose is to calibrate a simulator. A very good fit is obtained between measurements and simulation for a state-of-the-art 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS process with low-k dielectric, and we demonstrate that the ARPIC method can characterize interconnect capacitance with 0.1 fF resolution.
Abdominal Contouring Procedures Increase Activity of the Coagulation Cascade (2011)

One of the most serious complications in plastic surgery is a thromboembolic event. However, little physiologic evidence exists to support the observed hypercoagulable state seen in contouring procedures. Twenty-one consecutive patients were enrolled prospectively to assess thrombin generation, which measures activity of the coagulation cascade, at baseline, intraoperative, and 24 hours after surgery. Compared with preoperative values, total thrombin generation increased by a mean of 997 nM intraoperatively (1.3-fold, P<0.004) and 1406 nM postoperatively (1.4-fold, P<0.001) in 9 patients undergoing abdominoplasty without deep venous thrombosis (DVT) chemoprophylaxis. The mean thrombin generation did not significantly change during or after surgery in 12 patients who received heparin for DVT prophylaxis (P=0.3). Thrombin generation was significantly less in patients receiving chemoprophylaxis compared with those who received no prophylaxis (P<0.01). This suggests abdominal contouring procedures induce a significant increase in the activity of the coagulation cascade that can be prevented by DVT chemoprophylaxis.
Ovulation induction using laparoscopic ovarian drilling in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: predictors of success (2004)

Marked obesity, marked hyperandrogenism and/or long duration of infertility in women with PCOS seem to predict resistance to LOD. High LH levels in LOD responders appear to predict higher probability of pregnancy.
Micro-supercapacitors based on oriented coordination polymer thin films for AC line-filtering (2018)

Reported herein is a facile solution-processed substrate-independent approach for preparation of oriented coordination polymer (Co-BTA) thin-film electrodes for on-chip micro-supercapacitors (MSCs). The Co-BTA-MSCs exhibited excellent AC line-filtering performance with an extremely short resistance-capacitance constant, making it capable of replacing aluminum electrolytic capacitors for AC line-filtering applications.
Linear alkybenzene sulfonate and alkyl sulfate biodegradation in laboratory and field activated sludge systems (2006)

The fate and biodegradation of two xenobiotic compounds, linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) and alkyl sulfate (AS), were investigated in laboratory and field activated sludge systems. Two 1-L porous pot (65 stainless steel mesh) reactors were fed synthetic wastewater (200 mg COD/L including 2 mg/L LAS and 1 mg/L alkyl sulfate) to evaluate the influence of specific operating conditions (i.e. hydraulic retention time, HRT, and solids retention time, SRT) on the measured rate of biodegradation. The reactors were operated in parallel under a constant SRT of 10 d, and HRTs of 2, 4, 6, and 12 h. Subsequently, the reactors were operated under a constant HRT of 6 h, and SRTs of 3, 6, 10, and 15 d. The extant kinetic parameters obtained from respirometric experiments suggest that the HRT had little impact on the measured kinetic parameters ( = 0.14 0.06 h -1 , K S = 0.4 0.3 mg COD/L, Y = 0.67 0.02 mg biomass COD formed/mg LAS COD utilized and = 0.0.25 0.01 h -1 , K S = 0.35 0.07 mg COD/L, and yield = 065 0.02 mg biomass COD formed/mg AS COD utilized) at a constant SRT of 10 d. The SRT had a more noticeable effect on the measured biodegradation kinetics (e.g., Y increased from 0.50 0.08 to 0.66 0.05 mg/mg and 0.49 0.07 to 0.61 0.07 when the SRT increased from 3 to 10 d at a constant HRT of 6 h for LAS and AS, respectively). Extant kinetics for LAS biodegradation were measured in the field at three activated sludge wastewater treatment plants operated at different conditions. The field results were similar to the results from laboratory systems operated to simulate the field conditions. Using the COD fraction to calculate the competent biomass concentration, the field measured extant kinetic parameters were used to accurately predict effluent concentrations within 2% on average at one plant and within 4 g/L at two other plants. Day to day predictions were not as accurate, possibly due to the non-steady-state nature of the field systems.
An aqueous-phase catalytic process for the selective hydrogenation of acetylene with monodisperse water soluble palladium nanoparticles as catalyst (2012)

We report herein an aqueous-phase catalytic process with palladium(0) nanoparticles (PdNPs) stabilized by semi-natural water soluble cellulose as catalyst. PdNPs stabilized by sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in water were a very efficient and stable catalyst in the aqueous-phase catalytic process for the selective hydrogenation of acetylene under mild reaction conditions. This work demonstrates the possibility of developing an aqueous-phase catalytic process using a durable and environmentally benign catalyst.
Altered recognition mutants of the response regulator PhoB: A new genetic strategy for studying protein–protein interactions (1996)

Two-component regulatory systems require highly specific interactions between histidine kinase (transmitter) and response regulator (receiver) proteins. We have developed a novel genetic strategy that is based on tightly regulated synthesis of a given protein to identify domains and residues of an interacting protein that are critical for interactions between them. Using a reporter strain synthesizing the nonpartner kinase VanS under tight arabinose control and carrying a promoter-lacZ fusion activated by phospho-PhoB, we isolated altered recognition (AR) mutants of PhoB showing enhanced activation (phosphorylation) by VanS as arabinose-dependent Lac+ mutants. Changes in the PhoBAR mutants cluster in a "patch" near the proposed helix 4 of PhoB based on the CheY crystal structure (a homolog of the PhoB receiver domain) providing further evidence that helix 4 lies in the kinase-regulator interface. Based on the CheY structure, one mutant has an additional change in a region that may propagate a conformational change to helix 4. The overall genetic strategy described here may also be useful for studying interactions of other components of the vancomycin resistance and P1 signal transduction pathways, other two-component regulatory systems, and other interacting proteins. Conditionally replicative oriRR6K gamma attP "genome targeting" suicide plasmids carrying mutagenized phoB coding regions were integrated into the chromosome of a reporter strain to create mutant libraries; plasmids encoding mutant PhoB proteins were subsequently retrieved by P1-Int-Xis cloning. Finally, the use of similar genome targeting plasmids and P1-Int-Xis cloning should be generally useful for constructing genomic libraries from a wide array of organisms.
Development of a Rumor and Spam Reporting and Removal Tool for Social Media (2016)

Spamming persists as a problem in Social Networking Sites (SNS). About 8.7% of the total accounts of Facebook are fake or duplicate. These fake accounts are spreading rumors. Facebook believes 14.3 million of these accounts were created for spamming. Sometimes these accounts are being used to fulfil personal vendetta. Using spam filters seems to be insufficient as Facebook is struggling to clean up the spam while users are falling in traps like clickbait. On the other hand rumors in SNS causing severe trouble on a large scale. In recent time a violent incident took place in Ramu, Bangladesh on the basis of a rumor spread through Facebook. Rumors like this affecting us as individuals, our society. The main challenge of a rumor detection tool is the accuracy of the system and the time it takes to give the results. An accuracy having 90% accuracy may not be enough in the time of natural disasters or war as remaining 10% can cause havoc. Again if the system takes too much time no matter what the result is, it may be too late. We designed a tool which can quickly detect if a post is a spam or rumor. This tool responds to a user query for a post and try to verify the authenticity of a post with the help of Facebook community. This tool is designed to give a quick verdict so that it can be useful to prevent a viral malcontent in Social Networking sites. We implemented this tool on Facebook. We used Facebook Graph API to select groups of users with relevant knowledge about the topic who can contribute to determine the authenticity of the post.
Improving Facial Attribute Prediction Using Semantic Segmentation (2017)

Attributes are semantically meaningful characteristics whose applicability widely crosses category boundaries. They are particularly important in describing and recognizing concepts where no explicit training example is given, e.g., zero-shot learning. Additionally, since attributes are human describable, they can be used for efficient human-computer interaction. In this paper, we propose to employ semantic segmentation to improve facial attribute prediction. The core idea lies in the fact that many facial attributes describe local properties. In other words, the probability of an attribute to appear in a face image is far from being uniform in the spatial domain. We build our facial attribute prediction model jointly with a deep semantic segmentation network. This harnesses the localization cues learned by the semantic segmentation to guide the attention of the attribute prediction to the regions where different attributes naturally show up. As a result of this approach, in addition to recognition, we are able to localize the attributes, despite merely having access to image level labels (weak supervision) during training. We evaluate our proposed method on CelebA and LFWA datasets and achieve superior results to the prior arts. Furthermore, we show that in the reverse problem, semantic face parsing improves when facial attributes are available. That reaffirms the need to jointly model these two interconnected tasks.