gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influencia de la composición química de diferentes chatarras de acero sobre las propiedades mecánicas de la fundición con grafito esferoidal (2011)

Se han seleccionado diferentes chatarras de acero comerciales, con el fin de analizar las implicaciones de su utilización como materias primas y evaluar su aplicabilidad en la fabricación de piezas de fundición con grafito esferoidal. Estos aceros muestran una gran variabilidad en su composición química, dependiendo principalmente de su origen y naturaleza. Se han determinado los elementos químicos aportados por estos materiales y se han estudiado sus efectos sobre las características estructurales y las propiedades mecánicas de piezas test con diferentes morfologías y tamaños. El elemento de aportación más importante es el manganeso, el cual está presente en todos los aceros seleccionados en concentraciones superiores al 0,2 %. Otros elementos son: cobre, cromo, estaño, titanio y vanadio. Todos ellos, salvo el titanio y vanadio, originan aumentos en los contenidos de perlita en la matriz metálica, por lo que pueden ser utilizados para producir piezas con estructuras perlíticas y/o ferrítico-perlíticas. En ningún caso se ha detectado la formación de carburos.
Oral Glycine and Sodium Thiosulfate for Lethal Cyanide Ingestion (2017)

Oral sodium thiosulfate with gastric alkalization rescued animals from lethal doses of ingested cyanide. The combination of oral glycine and sodium thiosulfate may have potential for treating high dose acute cyanide ingestion and merits further investigation. The combination of systemic and oral therapy may provide further options.
Transport and reaction of nanoliter samples in a microfluidic reactor using electro-osmotic flow (2010)

The primary focus of the paper is to establish both numerical and experimental methods to control the concentration of samples in a microreactor well. The concentration of the reacting samples is controlled by varying the initial sample size and electric field. Further, the paper numerically investigates the feasibility of mixing and reacting nanoliter samples with a wide variation in reaction rates in the microreactor driven by electro-osmotic pumping. Two discrete samples are measured and transported to the microreactor simultaneously by electro-osmotic pinching and switching. The transported samples are mixed in the microreactor and floated for 4.5 s for reaction to occur. It is seen that the normalized concentration of the product increases from 0.25 to 0.45 during that period. Also the effects of sample size and applied electric field on sample concentration during the switching process are studied. It is found that the normalized final sample concentration increases from 0.03 to 0.11 with an increase in sample size from 60 to 150 µm, at a constant electric field. Further, by increasing the electric field from 100 to 1000 V cm−1, at a constant sample size, there is a significant decrease in the final concentration of the sample from 0.14 to 0.04. Our studies also show that the normalized product concentration depends on the reaction rate and increases from 0.28 to 0.48 as the reaction rate increases from 10 L mol−1 s−1 to 105 L mol−1 s−1. However, the increase in the reaction rate beyond 105 L mol−1 s−1 does not influence the product concentration for the present design of the microreactor. Our microreactor with improved mixing can be used for assessing reactions of biological samples. The optimized sample size along with a controlled electric field for sample injection forms the basis for developing a prototype of a microreactor device for high throughput drug screening.
Carbon nanotube-based organic light emitting diodes (2009)

Carbon nanotubes; revolutionary and fascinating from the materials point of view and exceedingly sensational from a research point of view; are standing today at the threshold between inorganic electronics and organic electronics and posing a serious challenge to the big daddies of these two domains in electronics i.e., silicon and indium tin oxide (ITO). In the field of inorganic electronics, carbon nanotubes offer advantages such as high current carrying capacity, ballistic transport, absence of dangling bonds, etc. and on the other hand, in the field of organic electronics, carbon nanotubes offer advantages such as high conductivity, high carrier mobility, optical transparency (in visible and IR spectral ranges), flexibility, robustness, environmental resistance, etc. and hence, they are seriously being considered as contenders to silicon and ITO. This review traces the origin of carbon nanotubes in the field of organic electronics (with emphasis on organic light emitting diodes) and moves on to cover the latest advances in the field of carbon nanotube-based organic light emitting diodes. Topics that are covered within include applications of multi-wall nanotubes and single-wall nanotubes in organic light emitting diodes. Applications of carbon nanotubes as hole-transport layers, as electron-transport layers, as transparent electrodes, etc. in organic light emitting diodes are discussed and the daunting challenges facing this progressive field today are brought into the limelight.
Lidar observation of a strongly nonlinear internal wave train in the Gulf of Alaska (2004)

This paper demonstrates the observation of what appears to be a partially developed solitary internal wave group using an airborne lidar over the Gulf of Alaska. The probable generation mechanism is the interaction of the tide with the continental shelf 130 km away. Detection by lidar was possible because of a planktonic layer associated with a shallow pycnocline.
The GABAAreceptor is an FMRP target with therapeutic potential in fragile X syndrome (2015)

Previous research indicates that the GABAAergic system is involved in the pathophysiology of the fragile X syndrome, a frequent form of inherited intellectual disability and associated with autism spectrum disorder. However, the molecular mechanism underlying GABAAergic deficits has remained largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate reduced mRNA expression of GABAA receptor subunits in the cortex and cerebellum of young Fmr1 knockout mice. In addition, we show that the previously reported underexpression of specific subunits of the GABAA receptor can be corrected in YAC transgenic rescue mice, containing the full-length human FMR1 gene in an Fmr1 knockout background. Moreover, we demonstrate that FMRP directly binds several GABAA receptor mRNAs. Finally, positive allosteric modulation of GABAA receptors with the neurosteroid ganaxolone can modulate specific behaviors in Fmr1 knockout mice, emphasizing the therapeutic potential of the receptor.
Beam head erosion in self-ionized plasma wakefield accelerators (2007)

In the recent plasma wakefield accelerator experiments at SLAC, the energy of the particles in the tail of the 42 GeV electron beam were doubled in less than one meter [1]. Simulations suggest that the acceleration length was limited by a new phenomenon – beam head erosion in self-ionized plasmas. In vacuum, a particle beam expands transversely in a distance given by *. In the blowout regime of a plasma wakefield [2], the majority of the beam is focused by the ion channel, while the beam head slowly spreads since it takes a finite time for the ion channel to form. It is observed that in self-ionized plasmas, the head spreading is exacerbated compared to that in pre-ionized plasmas, causing the ionization front to move backward (erode). A simple theoretical model is used to estimate the upper limit of the erosion rate for a bi-gaussian beam by assuming free expansion of the beam head before the ionization front. Comparison with simulations suggests that half this maximum value can serve as an estimate for the erosion rate. Critical parameters to the erosion rate are discussed.
Is there an association between the individual anatomy of the scapula and the development of rotator cuff tears or osteoarthritis of the glenohumeral joint? (2013)

We hypothesised that a large acromial cover with an upwardly tilted glenoid fossa would be associated with degenerative rotator cuff tears (RCTs), and conversely, that a short acromion with an inferiorly inclined glenoid would be associated with glenohumeral osteoarthritis (OA). This hypothesis was tested using a new radiological parameter, the critical shoulder angle (CSA), which combines the measurements of inclination of the glenoid and the lateral extension of the acromion (the acromion index). The CSA was measured on standardised radiographs of three groups: 1) a control group of 94 asymptomatic shoulders with normal rotator cuffs and no OA; 2) a group of 102 shoulders with MRI-documented full-thickness RCTs without OA; and 3) a group of 102 shoulders with primary OA and no RCTs noted during total shoulder replacement. The mean CSA was 33.1° (26.8° to 38.6°) in the control group, 38.0° (29.5° to 43.5°) in the RCT group and 28.1° (18.6° to 35.8°) in the OA group. Of patients with a CSA > 35°, 84% were in the RCT group and of those with a CSA < 30°, 93% were in the OA group. We therefore concluded that primary glenohumeral OA is associated with significantly smaller degenerative RCTs with significantly larger CSAs than asymptomatic shoulders without these pathologies. These findings suggest that individual quantitative anatomy may imply biomechanics that are likely to induce specific types of degenerative joint disorders.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Taxol. Part 2. Construction of A and C Ring Intermediates and Initial Attempts to Construct the ABC Ring System (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis of SnO2‐ZnO Core‐Shell Nanowires and Their Optoelectronic Properties (2012)

Zinc oxides deposited on Tin dioxide nanowires have been successfully synthesized by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The diameter of SnO 2 ‐ZnO core‐shell nanowires is 100 nm by ALD 200 cycles. The result of electricity measurements shows that the resistance of SnO 2 ‐ZnO core‐shell nanowires (ALD: 200 cycles) is 925 Ω, which is much lower than pure SnO 2 nanowires (3.6 × 10 6 Ω). The result of UV light test shows that the recovery time of SnO 2 ‐ZnO core‐shell nanowires (ALD: 200 cycles) is 328 seconds, which is lower than pure SnO 2 nanowires (938 seconds). These results demonstrated that the SnO 2 ‐ZnO core‐shell nanowires have potential application as UV photodetectors with high photon‐sensing properties.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF SESQUITERPENE ANTITUMOR LACTONES. 6. CIS‐8A‐VINYLOCTAHYDRO‐3H‐2‐BENZOPYRAN‐3,7‐DIONE, A PRECURSOR TO VERNOLEPIN (1976)

Abstract Aus den 3‐Alkoxy‐cyclohexenonen (I) werden die Substitutionsprodukte (III) hergestellt.
Altered gene expression in cerebral ischemia. (1993)

Because a variety of harmful stresses, including ischemia, elicit the same stress response and because this response is induced when total protein synthesis in the brain is nearly completely suppressed, this response may be vital to cell survival and repair. A successful induction of this response may induce resistance and survival of neurons after ischemia. However, failure or abortion of the response and persistent stresses may lead to neuronal death and possibly long-term changes and degeneration.
An MgB2 Superconducting Joint With Its Own Heat-Treatment Schedule (2021)

We suggested an MgB<sub>2</sub> joint process with its own heat-treatment schedule to apply it for our 1.5-T MgB<sub>2</sub> "finger" MRI magnet. In fabricating the MgB<sub>2</sub> magnet, the optimal heat-treatment schedule to attain a reproducible and high critical current is different in a joint and a coil. To solve this problem, we introduced an additional heating system, which is composed of a cartridge heater and a thermocouple connected with a copper block, into a box-type furnace. Then, we carried out heat-treatments with exclusively increasing the joint-part temperature above the Mg melting point of 645 °C-the joint was actually heated up to 700 °C. We evaluated a critical current and a crystal structure of the obtained MgB<sub>2</sub> joint. From experimental results, we found that the joint heated with the own heat-treatment schedule, which is 700 °C for 1 h + 600 °C for 11 h, showed a good <i>I</i> <sub>c</sub> of over 450 A at 15K under self-field. The joint resistance was estimated by the coil operation for 18 days, and it was expected to be less than 10<sup>-12</sup> Ω.
Multi-material, multi-technology stereolithography (2012)

For more than a decade, our group has been developing the methods and systems required to have spatial control over material placement and structure creation, leading to, for example, the realisation of complex three-dimensional (3D) devices that integrate electronics and thus intelligence within mechanical structures as well as 3D spatially complex bioactive, implantable, tissue engineered constructs. There are myriad issues associated with combining multiple materials to create functional products, ranging from the deposition and processing of different materials to the combined performance of the materials in the resulting product. Stereolithography (SL) has been the primary technology focus of this work because it offers high quality surface finish, dimensional accuracy, and a variety of material options that includes implantable materials. Moreover, SL builds in essentially ambient, minimally controlled environmental conditions that provide easy access to the build chamber and enable straightforward conversion of existing single material SL systems to multiple material and hybrid manufacturing systems. This paper describes the development of multiple material and multiple technology (hybrid) stereolithography systems capable of manufacturing multiple material structures with mechanical, electrical, and biochemical functionality.
Silicon-chip-based frequency quadrupling for optical millimeter-wave signal generation (2009)

We propose a prototype of a silicon-chip-based frequency quadrupling system integrating a single-drive silicon Mach- Zehnder modulator and a race-track resonator as an optical differentiator. A proof-of-concept demonstration of 40-GHz millimeter-wave signal generation using 10-GHz driving signal is experimentally provided. The factors that impacting the purity of the RF spectrum are discussed through simulation.
End-to-End Reconfigurability (E2R) Research Perspectives (2005)

The objectives of the End-to-End Reconfigurability (E 2 R) research project are to bring the full benefits of the valuable diversity within the radio eco-space, composed of a wide range of systems (such as cellular, wireless local area and broadcast), and to devise, develop and trial architectural design of reconfigurable devices and supporting system functions to offer an expanded set of operational choices to the different actors of the value chain in the context of heterogeneous mobile radio systems. The E 2 R project will help operators to better exploit their investments on infrastructures and terminals and ensure that the infrastructure will be flexible and reconfigurable to accommodate evolving standards, applications and the end-user needs. E 2 R is seen by many actors of the wireless industry as a core technology to enable the full potential of beyond 3G systems. It has the potential to revolutionize wireless just as the PC revolutionized computing. This paper presents the E 2 R research project, its architectural framework and approach, the main fields of investigations across the different technical workpackages in 2005, as well as the E 2 R Phase 2 project proposal ambitions (2006-2007).
Quantitation of Immunosuppression by Tacrolimus Using Flow Cytometric Analysis of Interleukin-2 and Interferon-γ Inhibition in CD8− and CD8+ Peripheral Blood T Cells (2001)

The authors have determined the frequency of intracellular interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) synthesis by T-cell subsets in whole blood (WB) and isolated lymphocytes in 16 transplant recipients treated with tacrolimus and 10 control patients who were not transplant recipients. The authors also determined the impact of varying amounts of red blood cells (RBC) on immunosuppression by tacrolimus. Samples were analyzed by two-color flow cytometry, and the results were expressed as a ratio of whole blood to isolated lymphocytes. In healthy subjects who were not transplant recipients, the frequency of IL-2--producing CD8(-) and CD8(+) cells was higher in WB than in isolated lymphocytes (mean +/- SD of whole blood to lymphocytes ratio: 1.24 +/- 0.5 and 1.67 +/- 0.62, respectively). Adding varying amounts of RBC had no significant impact on IL-2 production by CD8(-) and CD8(+) T cells. Adding tacrolimus (10 ng/mL) to lymphocyte cultures inhibited (90%) IL-2 production in isolated T cells but not in the whole-blood assay. The dose of tacrolimus required for a 50% inhibition of IL-2 release in T cells was 10-fold higher in cultures with RBC than without. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from tacrolimus-treated whole blood (WB) showed less IL-2 inhibition than did lymphocytes in the WB. The authors also tested cytokine production in WB and PBMCs in 16 transplant recipients and observed various patterns of reactivity. The frequency of IL-2--producing CD8(-) and CD8(+) cells was similar using two different methods in 10 of 16 patients tested. By contrast, in the remaining six patients the authors observed a significant inhibition of IL-2 production in both CD8(-) and CD8(+) T-cell subsets in the whole-blood assay but not in the isolated lymphocytes. The frequency of CD8(-) IFN-gamma--producing cells was significantly lower in 9 of 16 patients, but the same individuals showed no inhibition of their CD8(+) IFN-gamma T cells. The trough levels of tacrolimus did not predict the level of cytokine inhibition in the whole-blood assay in these patients. The authors' results show that the whole-blood assay for cytokine production can be used for monitoring the in vivo effect of tacrolimus in transplant recipients.
RTHP-05. INTRAOPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPY (IORT) USING LOW-ENERGY X-RAYS IN A COHORT OF PREDOMINANTLY INCOMPLETELY RESECTED NEWLY DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME (INTRAGO TRIAL) (2016)

Local recurrence remains the predominant pattern of failure in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), indicating that residual clonogenic tumor cells may need to be targeted by more intensive therapy of the tumor cavity. We performed a phase I/II trial (NCT02104882) to evaluate safety and tolerability of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) with 20-40 Gy of low-energy photons (50 kV) in addition to standard radiochemotherapy. The primary endpoint was occurrence of dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) within 3 months after IORT (wound healing deficits, cerebral bleeding/ischemia, brain necrosis and early termination of radiochemotherapy). Secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), local PFS (≤ 1cm to the cavity) and overall survival (OS). Fourteen patients with histologically confirmed IDH1wt GBM were included (median FU 12.4 months), 12 underwent incomplete resection, 9 had unmethylated MGMT promoters, 6 had unresectable satellites and 3 did not receive per-protocol treatment (PPT). No DLTs were observed at any dose level within the predefined time frame. The majority of grade 3-5 adverse events (21 of 25) were deemed related to chemotherapy or tumor progression. Radionecrosis was diagnosed in 3 patients which occurred after the predefined time frame. The median PFS was 10.3 months (95%CI: 5.2-15.4) in all and 11.4 months (95%CI: 9.8-13.0) in PPT patients. The median local PFS was 13.4 m (95%CI: 9.7-17.1) in all and 14.5 m (95%CI: 11.3-17.7) in PPT patients. The median OS was 14.5 m (95%CI: 9.8-19.2) for all and 16.5 m (95%CI: 11.5-21.5) for PPT patients. One distant response was observed without any change of treatment. IORT with low-energy photons in addition to standard therapy is safe and tolerable. Despite multiple poor prognostic factors, median and local PFS compare favourably to historic data (mPFS was 6.9 m in the EORTC/NCIC trial). The technique is now tested in a multinational randomized phase III trial (NCT02685605).
Distributed TV-L1 image fusion using PDMM (2017)

Distributed image fusion over networks has had little coverage in the literature, particularly considering the recent emergence of large networks of imaging sensors such as radio telescope arrays and wireless self-contained node networks. We present a fully asynchronous and distributed approach for image fusion in a general network with partially overlapping node fields of view. We use the example of an aerial surveillance drone network to present the advantages of our system and show that the communication power required for performing image fusion in-network is orders of magnitude lower than transmitting all raw images back to a distant central processor, while still achieving the same fusion performance.
Catalysis of peroxymonosulfate reactions by ketones (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalysis of peroxymonosulfate reactions by ketonesRonald E. MontgomeryCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 25, 7820–7821Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00832a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00832a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views937Altmetric-Citations108LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts