gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The mammalian ribonucleotide reductase R2 component cooperates with a variety of oncogenes in mechanisms of cellular transformation. (1998)

Ribonucleotide reductase, which is composed of the two protein components R1 and R2, is a highly regulated enzyme activity that is essential for DNA synthesis and repair. Recent studies have shown that elevated expression of the rate-limiting R2 component increases Raf-1 protein activation and mitogen-activated protein kinase activity and acts as a novel malignancy determinant in cooperation with H-ras and rac-1. We show that R2 cooperation in cellular transformation extends to a variety of oncogenes with different functions and cellular locations. Anchorage-independent growth of cells transformed with v-fms, v-src, A-raf, v-fes, c-myc, and ornithine decarboxylase was markedly enhanced when the R2 component of ribonucleotide reductase was overexpressed. In addition, we observed that elevated R2 expression conferred on c-myc-transformed NIH 3T3 cells an increased tumorigenic potential in immunoincompetent mice. Taken together, these observations demonstrate that the R2 protein is not only a rate-limiting component for ribonucleotide reduction but that it is also capable of acting in cooperation with a variety of oncogenes to determine transformation and tumorigenic potential.
Dynamic Resource Allocation For The Broadband Relay Channel (2007)

We consider a half-duplex broadband relay channel which is composed of L parallel, independent Rayleigh fading relay channels. Partial channel state information in the form of channel state amplitudes is available at the transmitters while the receivers have perfect channel state information. We assume a long term total average power constraint at the source and the relay. We dynamically allocate the power and the relay transmission time to improve the delay limited capacity or alternatively to decrease the outage probability. We analyze multi-hop (MH) and opportunistic decode-and-forward (ODF) protocols for the broadband relay channel and propose various subchannel resource allocation strategies. Simulation based performance comparisons also include the modified cut-set bound.
Priority based Interface Selection for Overlaying Heterogeneous Networks (2011)

Offering of different attractive opportunities by different wireless technologies trends the convergence of heterogeneous networks for the future wireless communication system. To make a seamless handover among the heterogeneous networks, the optimization of the power consumption, and optimal selection of interface are the challenging issues for convergence networks. The access of multi interfaces simultaneously reduces the handover latency and data loss in heterogeneous handover. The mobile node (MN) maintains one interface connection while other interface is used for handover process. However, it causes much battery power consumption. In this paper we propose an efficient interface selection scheme including interface selection algorithms, interface selection procedures considering battery power consumption and user mobility with other existing parameters for overlaying networks. We also propose a priority based network selection scheme according to the service types. MN's battery power level, provision of QoS/QoE in the target network and our proposed priority parameters are considered as more important parameters for our interface selection algorithm. The performances of the proposed scheme are verified using numerical analysis.
FLOW REGIONS OF GRANULES IN DORFAN IMPINGO FILTER FOR GAS CLEANUP (2023)

Inside a two-dimensional model of the louvered Dorfan Impingo panel with transparent front and rear walls, the flow regions of filter granules without gas cross flow were observed. The white PE beads with diameter of 6 mm were used as filter granules. The red colored PE beads were used as tracers. The filter bed was filled with beads continuously and gently levelled above. Then the layer of colored beads was poured on the horizontal top surface. Filter granules were discharged and circulated to the bed. The flow rate of granules was controlled by the belt conveyer. The image processing system including a frame grabber and a JVC videocamera was used to record the granular flow. Every image of motion was digitized and stored in a computer file. Four different flow regions in moving granular bed were observed: a) a quasi-stagnant zone adjacent to the louver wall; b) a transition region - a shear zone in which large velocity changes occurred at each horizontal level; c) a central flowing core of near uniform velocity distribution with a plug flow pattern; and d) the left and right free surface regions where gas flows in and out. The velocity field of filter granules was evaluated and analyzed. The velocity profiles of the vertical and horizontal velocity components were investigated.
ZnS Nano‐Spheres Formed by the Aggregation of Small Crystallites and Their Photocatalytic Degradation of Eosin B (2017)

Monodispersed ZnS nano‐spheres were synthesized by a simple precipitation. By adjusting the concentration of Zn and S sources, the particle size and morphology were easily controlled. Careful examination of the obtained particles suggested porous structures composed of building blocks of small crystallites, ca. 4–13.4 nm in diameter. A higher [S]/[Zn]‐precursor ratio resulted in a bigger crystallite size but a smaller particle size, and vice versa, for the lower precursor ratio. However, an extreme [S]/[Zn] ratio of 20 provided no spherical aggregation, but a formation of amorphous aggregates. We consider the rate to nucleation and the diffusion‐controlled aggregation of crystallites to be important parameters in determining particle sizes and size distributions. Size homogeneity of the obtained ZnS nano‐spheres, especially with a [S]/[Zn]‐precursor ratio of 5, afforded a photonic crystal array that can potentially benefit the photocatalytic activity. When the photocatalytic activities of the ZnS nano‐spheres obtained via different conditions were compared, it was found that spherical aggregation and high surface areas have a positive effect on catalytic activity. Although using a [S]/[Zn] ratio of 20 provided the highest surface area, the amorphous aggregation and overly excessive use of S caused a detrimental influence on the catalytic activity.
Measuring User Influence on Twitter Using Modified K-Shell Decomposition (2021)

Social influence can be described as power - the ability of a person to influence the thoughts or actions of others. Identifying influential users on online social networks such as Twitter has been actively studied recently. In this paper, we investigate a modified k-shell decomposition algorithm for computing user influence on Twitter. The input to this algorithm is the connection graph between users as defined by the follower relationship. User influence is measured by the k-shell level, which is the output of the k-shell decomposition algorithm. Our first insight is to modify this k-shell decomposition to assign logarithmic k-shell values to users, producing a measure of users that is surprisingly well distributed in a bell curve. Our second insight is to identify and remove peering relationships from the network to further differentiate users. In this paper, we include findings from our study.
Terahertz intersubband absorption in non-polar m-plane AlGaN/GaN quantum wells (2014)

We demonstrate THz intersubband absorption (15.6–26.1 meV) in m-plane AlGaN/GaN quantum wells. We find a trend of decreasing peak energy with increasing quantum well width, in agreement with theoretical expectations. However, a blue-shift of the transition energy of up to 14 meV was observed relative to the calculated values. This blue-shift is shown to decrease with decreasing charge density and is, therefore, attributed to many-body effects. Furthermore, a ∼40% reduction in the linewidth (from roughly 8 to 5 meV) was obtained by reducing the total sheet density and inserting undoped AlGaN layers that separate the wavefunctions from the ionized impurities in the barriers.
Ask the GRU (2016)

In a variety of application domains the content to be recommended to users is associated with text. This includes research papers, movies with associated plot summaries, news articles, blog posts, etc. Recommendation approaches based on latent factor models can be extended naturally to leverage text by employing an explicit mapping from text to factors. This enables recommendations for new, unseen content, and may generalize better, since the factors for all items are produced by a compactly-parametrized model. Previous work has used topic models or averages of word embeddings for this mapping. In this paper we present a method leveraging deep recurrent neural networks to encode the text sequence into a latent vector, specifically gated recurrent units (GRUs) trained end-to-end on the collaborative filtering task. For the task of scientific paper recommendation, this yields models with significantly higher accuracy. In cold-start scenarios, we beat the previous state-of-the-art, all of which ignore word order. Performance is further improved by multi-task learning, where the text encoder network is trained for a combination of content recommendation and item metadata prediction. This regularizes the collaborative filtering model, ameliorating the problem of sparsity of the observed rating matrix.
Energy harvesting device for wireless system of monitoring environmental parameters (2017)

The system which logs measurements of environmental parameters or states of the object structural/constructional elements is discussed. The system demonstrates an autonomous work time of more than one year and provides the reading of accumulated data using radio frequency identification technology. The design of a device for energy harvesting from the power line electric field providing autonomous operation of the signal recording system is suggested.
Observation of the Yrast and Statistical Cascades in (Heavy-Ion,xnγ) Reactions (1975)

The energy spectra and angular distributions of the yrast and statistical cascades in $^{160,162}\mathrm{Yb}$ have been obtained from measurements of the reactions $^{147,149}\mathrm{Sm}(^{16}\mathrm{O}, 3n)$ and $^{148,150}\mathrm{Sm}(^{16}\mathrm{O}, 4n)$. An average of about six yrast and six statistical $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays occur in the $4n$ reaction. The data suggest that the yrast $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays are mostly stretched $E2$.
Accelerating Web page retrieval through object usage declaration (2004)

With the increasing amount of dynamic and personalized Web content, researchers start to address the acceleration of the first time access of Web pages, hopefully to bring significant improvement to content delivery. While most of these efforts are related to the optimization of connectivity usage (e.g. persistent connection) and efficient content encoding (e.g. data compression and transcoding), this paper tries to address the same issue from the view point of content retrieval dependence within a Web page. A novel mechanism, called the object declaration (OD), is proposed to pass information about embedded object usage of a page to a client earlier, preferably without the need to fetch the data chunks of the page container object that defines them. Result shows that Web page latency can be reduced by about 3% to over 13%.
Samenvatting richtlijn diverticulitis van het colon: diagnostiek en behandeling in de tweede lijn (2013)

The natural course of diverticulitis is usually mild and often requires only conservative treatment. The combination of pain in the lower left abdomen on physical examination, the absence of vomiting and a CRP &gt; 50 mg/l is highly predictive of diverticulitis; further investigation by means of imaging may then be omitted. An initial ultrasound - and CT scanning only if this investigation proves negative or inconclusive - provides the best results in terms of imaging. There is no evidence substantiating the efficacy of routine antibiotic administration to patients with clinically mild and uncomplicated diverticulitis. Pericolic or pelvic abscesses can initially be treated with antibiotics, possibly in combination with percutaneous drainage; surgical intervention is only necessary if this treatment regimen fails. A patient with perforated diverticulitis resulting in peritonitis should undergo an operation; the optimal surgical strategy is currently under debate
Noninvasive Fluid Dynamic Power Loss Assessments for Total Cavopulmonary Connections Using the Viscous Dissipation Function: A Feasibility Study (2001)

The total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) has shown great promise as an effective palliation for single-ventricle congenital heart defects. However, because the procedure results in complete bypass of the right-heart, fluid dynamic power losses may play a vital role in postoperative patient success. Past research has focused on determining power losses using control volume methods. Such methods are not directly applicable clinically without highly invasive pressure measurements. This work proposes the use of the viscous dissipation function as a tool for velocity gradient based estimation of fluid dynamic power loss. To validate this technique, numerical simulations were conducted in a model of the TCPC incorporating a 13.34 mm (one caval diameter) caval offset and a steady cardiac output of 2 L x min(-1). Inlet flow through the superior vena cava was 40 percent of the cardiac output, while outflow through the right pulmonary artery (RPA) was varied between 30 and 70 percent, simulating different blood flow distributions to the lungs. Power losses were determined using control volume and dissipation function techniques applied to the numerical data. Differences between losses computed using these techniques ranged between 3.2 and 9.9 percent over the range of RPA outflows studied. These losses were also compared with experimental measurements front a previous study. Computed power losses slightly exceeded experimental results due to different inlet flow conditions. Although additional experimental study is necessary to establish the clinical applicability of the dissipation function, it is believed that this method, in conjunction with velocity gradient information derived from imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging, can provide a noninvasive means of assessing power losses within the TCPC in vivo.
Identification of visual paternity cues in humans (2014)

Understanding how individuals identify their relatives has implications for the evolution of social behaviour. Kinship cues might be based on familiarity, but in the face of paternity uncertainty and costly paternal investment, other mechanisms such as phenotypic matching may have evolved. In humans, paternal recognition of offspring and subsequent discriminative paternal investment have been linked to father-offspring facial phenotypic similarities. However, the extent to which paternity detection is impaired by environmentally induced facial information is unclear. We used 27 portraits of fathers and their adult sons to quantify the level of paternity detection according to experimental treatments that manipulate the location, type and quantity of visible facial information. We found that (i) the lower part of the face, that changes most with development, does not contain paternity cues, (ii) paternity can be detected even if relational information within the face is disrupted and (iii) the signal depends on the presence of specific information rather than their number. Taken together, the results support the view that environmental effects have little influence on the detection of paternity using facial similarities. This suggests that the cognitive dispositions enabling the facial detection of kinship relationships ignore genetic irrelevant facial information.
BET Bromodomain Inhibition Synergizes with PARP Inhibitor in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (2017)

PARP inhibition is known to be an effective clinical strategy in BRCA mutant cancers, but PARP inhibition has not been applied to BRCA-proficient tumors. Here, we show the synergy of BET bromodomain inhibition with PARP inhibition in BRCA-proficient ovarian cancers due to mitotic catastrophe. Treatment of BRCA-proficient ovarian cancer cells with the BET inhibitor JQ1 downregulated the G2-M cell-cycle checkpoint regulator WEE1 and the DNA-damage response factor TOPBP1. Combining PARP inhibitor Olaparib with the BET inhibitor, we observed a synergistic increase in DNA damage and checkpoint defects, which allowed cells to enter mitosis despite the accumulation of DNA damage, ultimately causing mitotic catastrophe. Moreover, JQ1 and Olaparib showed synergistic suppression of growth of BRCA-proficient cancer in vivo in a xenograft ovarian cancer mouse model. Our findings indicate that a combination of BET inhibitor and PARP inhibitor represents a potential therapeutic strategy for BRCA-proficient cancers.
Study on Grasping Canopy Leaf Area Ratio of Tree Species for an Unit Irradiation Area using Reflection Intensity of Airborne LiDAR (2016)

On this study, it was discuss about possibility of extraction of the leaf area density difference between tree species, such as Japanese walnut, White willow and Robinia pseudoacasia, from LiDAR intensity information. It was calculated canopy leaf area ratio in order to grasp the tree species difference. The canopy leaf area ratio was calculated by effective irradiation area versus unit irradiation area using a reflectance intensity of the airborne LiDAR. The canopy leaf area ratio was a difference in leaf area of a single leaf. Possibility of tree species identification was suggested by difference of the canopy leaf area ratio.
Early tumor response to Hsp90 therapy using HER2 PET: comparison with 18F-FDG PET. (2006)

HER2 PET is an earlier predictor of tumor response to 17AAG therapy than (18)F-FDG PET.
Practical Considerations of Image Analysis and Quantification of Signal Transduction IHC Staining (2011)

The dramatic increase in computer processing power in combination with the availability of high-quality digital cameras during the last 10 years has fertilized the grounds for quantitative microscopy based on digital image analysis. With the present introduction of robust scanners for whole slide imaging in both research and routine, the benefits of automation and objectivity in the analysis of tissue sections will be even more obvious. For in situ studies of signal transduction, the combination of tissue microarrays, immunohistochemistry, digital imaging, and quantitative image analysis will be central operations. However, immunohistochemistry is a multistep procedure including a lot of technical pitfalls leading to intra- and interlaboratory variability of its outcome. The resulting variations in staining intensity and disruption of original morphology are an extra challenge for the image analysis software, which therefore preferably should be dedicated to the detection and quantification of histomorphometrical end points.
High-Yield Production of Herbicidal Thaxtomins and Thaxtomin Analogs in a Nonpathogenic Streptomyces Strain (2018)

Thaxtomins are virulence factors of most plant-pathogenic <i>Streptomyces</i> strains. Due to their potent herbicidal activity, attractive environmental compatibility, and inherent biodegradability, thaxtomins are key active ingredients of bioherbicides approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. However, the low yield of thaxtomins in native <i>Streptomyces</i> producers limits their wide agricultural applications. Here, we describe the high-yield production of thaxtomins in a heterologous host. The thaxtomin gene cluster from <i>S. scabiei</i> 87.22 was cloned and expressed in <i>S. albus</i> J1074 after chromosomal integration. The production of thaxtomins and nitrotryptophan analogs was observed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. When the engineered <i>S. albus</i> J1074 was cultured in the minimal medium Thx defined medium supplemented with 1% cellobiose (TDMc), the yield of the most abundant and herbicidal analog, thaxtomin A, was 10 times higher than that in <i>S. scabiei</i> 87.22, and optimization of the medium resulted in the highest yield of thaxtomin analogs at about 222 mg/liter. Further engineering of the thaxtomin biosynthetic gene cluster through gene deletion led to the production of multiple biosynthetic intermediates important to the chemical synthesis of new analogs. Additionally, the versatility of the thaxtomin biosynthetic system in <i>S. albus</i> J1074 was capitalized on to produce one unnatural fluorinated analog, 5-fluoro-thaxtomin A (5-F-thaxtomin A), whose structure was elucidated by a combination of MS and one-dimensional (1D) and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. Natural and unnatural thaxtomins demonstrated potent herbicidal activity in radish seedling assays. These results indicated that <i>S. albus</i> J1074 has the potential to produce thaxtomins and analogs thereof with high yield, fostering their agricultural applications.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Thaxtomins are agriculturally valuable herbicidal natural products, but the productivity of native producers is limiting. Heterologous expression of the thaxtomin gene cluster in <i>S. albus</i> J1074 resulted in the highest yield of thaxtomins ever reported, representing a significant leap forward in its wide agricultural use. Furthermore, current synthetic routes to thaxtomins and analogs are lengthy, and two thaxtomin biosynthetic intermediates produced at high yields in this work can provide precursors and building blocks to advanced synthetic routes. Importantly, the production of 5-F-thaxtomin A in engineered <i>S. albus</i> J1074 demonstrated a viable alternative to chemical methods in the synthesis of new thaxtomin analogs. Moreover, our work presents an attractive synthetic biology strategy to improve the supply of herbicidal thaxtomins, likely finding general applications in the discovery and production of many other bioactive natural products.
Monolayer Protected Gold Nanoparticles on Ceria for an Efficient CO Oxidation Catalyst (2007)

The results reported highlight the great potential of the use of size-tunable preformed AuNPs for the preparation of active catalysts. The use of preformed metal clusters and the mild reaction conditions are not favorable to the formation of ionic Au species. The experimental results suggest that the catalytic sites for CO oxidation are the metal NPs and not ionic Au species.
A highly sensitive gold nanoparticle bioprobe based electrochemical immunosensor using screen printed graphene biochip (2014)

This study describes a highly sensitive electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) that uses gold nanoparticles (AuNP) as the electrochemical label and graphene as electrode material.
2,3-Anthraceno[2.2.2]cryptand. Mutual interactions between the receptor and the signal transducing subunit (2005)

As a complement to the study of 9,10- and 1,4-anthracenocryptands, 2,3-anthraceno[2.2.2]cryptand (1) was synthesized in order to examine the mutual influence of the two components: the cation-binding subunit and the pendent aromatic moiety. It was shown that the receptor subunit induces small perturbations to the absorption spectrum and the fine structure fluorescence spectrum of 1 that are typical of those of 2,3-disubstituted anthracene reference molecules. Conversely, the stability constants towards metal cations (Ks), determined from the electronic spectra using the LETAGROP programme, were found to be altered by the incorporated aromatic component, namely lowered by several orders of magnitude compared with those of [2.2.2]cryptand. For instance, logKs values in CH3CN for 1 were found to be: K+(8); Tl+(10); for [2.2.2]cryptand: K+(11); Tl+(12). The observed decrease of binding ability can be attributed to a relative lack of flexibility of the receptor and some hindrance to cation solvation due to the aromatic component.