gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Performance evaluation of an asynchronous multisensor track fusion filter</title> (2003)

Recently the authors developed a new filter that uses data generated by asynchronous sensors to produce a state estimate that is optimal in the minimum mean square sense. The solution accounts for communications delay between sensors platform and fusion center. It also deals with out of sequence data as well as latent data by processing the information in a batch-like manner. This paper compares, using simulated targets and Monte Carlo simulations, the performance of the filter to the optimal sequential processing approach. It was found that the new asynchronous Multisensor track fusion filter (AMSTFF) performance is identical to that of the extended sequential Kalman filter (SEKF), while the new filter updates its track at a much lower rate than the SEKF.
P1–145: Slower transcallosal conduction time is associated with degenerative volumetric change on MRI and poorer performance on tests of cognitive processing in elderly at risk for dementia (2006)

Impaired cognitive performance is observed in conjunction with age–related MRI changes. One candidate physiologic correlate of age–associated impairment in cognitive processing is TMS–derived measurement of transcallosal conduction time (TCCT). Determine whether TMS–derived assessment of transcallosal conduction time (TCCT) can be used as a marker of age–related degenerative change contributing to impaired cognitive function in the elderly. Eighteen subjects (>65 yrs, CDR = 0) underwent neuroimaging and neurological assessments of cognitive processing. MRIs were analyzed for white matter hyperintensity (WMH), ventricular CSF (vCSF) and CNS volumes using a semi–automated program. A figure–eight TMS coil elicited a motor evoked potential (MEP) from the left first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle. Left to right TCCT was calculated by subtracting the onset latency of a cortically induced MEP of the left FDI from the onset latency of interhemispheric suppression of the same hand muscle activity. TCCT was not associated with total %WMH volume or %CNS volume (p > 0.05). There was a marginal association between slower TCCT and increased %vCSF volume (p = 0.067, R2 = 0.19). After adjusting for age, subjects with slower TCCT performed worse on Stroop color naming (p = 0.0045, R2 = 0.45) and Stroop color–word naming (p = 0.0076, R2 = 0.45). No relationship was found between TCCT and performance on Trails A, Trails B, or Symbol–digit substitution testing. Age at cognitive testing, %WMH, %CNS, %vCSF, education, and SES were entered into a mixed stepwise regression analysis for Stroop color naming. Only TCCT and age remained in the model and TCCT accounted for most of the variance (p = 0.004). Similarly, age, %WMH, %CNS, %vCSF, education, and SES were entered into a mixed stepwise regression analysis for Stroop color–word naming. Only TCCT and age remained in the model and TCCT accounted for most of the variance (p = 0.0094). Slowed TCCT is associated with MRI degenerative change of increased ventricular volume and poorer performance on some tests of cognitive processing. Altered callosal conduction may reflect impaired integrity of central white matter tracks contributing to diminished cognitive function in a population at risk for dementia.
[Bacterial biofilm identification in the rhinopharingeal mucosa of children with recurrent infection of the upper respiratory tract and otitis media]. (2008)

Bacterial biofilms identified in adenoid tissue of paediatric patients with recurrent upper airway inflammatory processes, associated to chronic effusive otitis media, may represent a bacterial "reservoir" responsible of the maintenance of chronic inflammatory mucosal reactions, resistant to selective antibiotic therapy and requiring surgical treatment.
Downregulation of the translation elongation factor 2 kinase in Xenopus laevis oocytes at the final stages of oogenesis. (1990)

Phosphorylation of translation elongation factor 2(eEF-2) by a specific Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent eEF-2 kinase plays an important role in the regulation of protein synthesis in mammalian cells. We show here that an eEF-2 kinase similar to the mammalian enzyme is present in tissues of the amphibian Xenopus laevis. We investigated changes in the activity of eEF-2 kinase in extracts of Xenopus oocytes at different stages of oogenesis. The eEF-2 kinase activity was constant from stage I to stage IV of oogenesis, but dramatically decreased after stage IV. Extracts of fully grown stage-VI oocytes showed no eEF-2 kinase activity. However, when extracts were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, eEF-2 was found to be present mostly, if not exclusively, in the dephosphorylated form throughout oogenesis. It is suggested that eEF-2 kinase disappears late in oogenesis to make protein synthesis insensitive to changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration. This may be important for the induction of meiotic maturation.
The JAK–STAT pathway: an emerging target for cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis and myeloproliferative neoplasms (2021)

Inflammation contributes centrally to cardiovascular diseases, and anti-inflammatory treatments can reduce cardiovascular events. The JAK-STAT pathway is an emerging target in inflammation, mainly in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), disorders that heighten cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to review the international literature on the relationship between dysregulation of the JAK-STAT pathway in RA/MPNs and cardiovascular risk and on the potential cardiovascular effects of JAK-STAT inhibitors. The JAK-STAT pathway sustains inflammatory and thrombotic events in autoimmune disorders such as RA and MPNs. Here, an imbalance exists between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines [increased levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1-β, tumour necrosis factor-α, decreased levels of IL-10] and the over-expression of some prothrombotic proteins, such as protein kinase Cε, on the surface of activated platelets. This pathway also operates in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. JAK-STAT inhibitors may reduce cardiovascular events and related deaths in such conditions, but the potential of these agents requires more studies, especially with regard to cardiovascular safety, and particularly for potential prothrombotic effects. JAK-STAT inhibitors merit consideration to curb heightened cardiovascular risk in patients with RA and MPNs, with rigorous assessment of the potential benefits and risks.
3D Georadar Studies of Pleistocene Rhine Gravels in Northern Switzerland (1995)

A three-dimensional georadar survey has been conducted in a well-expased gravel pit in northeastern Switzerland in order to study the architecture of Quaternary glaciofluvial sediments. The gravel pit is located in front of the maximum Würm-stage extension of the Rhine glacier and comprises proglacial fluvial gravel and sand. Typical braided-river structures can be seen in vertical bluffs of pit terrases. Due to the selective sorting of sediments by the fluviodynamic proceses, lithologic changes in glaciofluvial sediments may occur over short Bistances and depths. Sparse borehole data as well as two-dimensional geophysical data may be inadequate for resolving these changes.
Synthesis of 5-Phosphonyl-2(1H)-pyridones from Primary b-Enaminophosphonate and Acetylenic Esters (1995)

Prinrury P-enumirrophosphorlares ( 2 ) are obtained from metullated diethyl nrethylphosphofrute and nitriles. Reactiorr of enamines ( 2 ) with ethyl propiolare urrd dinlethyl acerylerredicurboxylore yields 1:1 adducts (7) arrd (8), respecti~wly. Treatnrefrt of monoadducts ( 7 ) with sodium hydride leads to 5-phospho1ry1-2(1H)-pyridorres (1 ). Functionalized errumitres (8) undergo thermal cyc/~~cofldelrsotiof~ to give pyridones (9).The group of compounds containing the 2(1H)-pyridone moiety are a prominent structural feature in a variety of natural products, as well as in other compounds of medicinal interest1 and have attracted attention for their biological activities.2They constitute the skeleton of elfamycin antibiotics3 and the antifungal compound ilicocilin4 and even simple 2(1H)-pyridones find many applications in pharmacology due to their antimicrobial activity against Candida ulbicans5 and for their ability to induce leukemia cell differentiation "irr vitro" .6On the other hand.P-aminoalkyl phosphonates, phosphonic isostere analogues of p-amino acids are gaining in interest in medicinal chemistry7 since they are simple mimetics of amino acids, can provide useful substrates for biochemical, pharmacological and immunochemical studies and are used as potential enzyme inhibitor^.^anti-inflamamatory and anti-arthritic agents?as inhibitors of calcium releaselo and as fungicides and bacte~icidal agrochemicals."Classical appro ache^'^ to 2(1H)-pyridones involving condensation r e a ~t i o n s l ~, ~3 or cycloaddition
Health Benefits of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) Fermentates (2020)

Consuming fermented foods has been reported to result in improvements in a range of health parameters. These positive effects can be exerted by a combination of the live microorganisms that the fermented foods contain, as well as the bioactive components released into the foods as by-products of the fermentation process. In many instances, and particularly in dairy fermented foods, the microorganisms involved in the fermentation process belong to the lactic acid group of bacteria (LAB). An alternative approach to making some of the health benefits that have been attributed to fermented foods available is through the production of 'fermentates'. The term 'fermentate' generally relates to a powdered preparation, derived from a fermented product and which can contain the fermenting microorganisms, components of these microorganisms, culture supernatants, fermented substrates, and a range of metabolites and bioactive components with potential health benefits. Here, we provide a brief overview of a selection of in vitro and in vivo studies and patents exclusively reporting the health benefits of LAB 'fermentates'. Typically, in such studies, the potential health benefits have been attributed to the bioactive metabolites present in the crude fermentates and/or culture supernatants rather than the direct effects of the LAB strain(s) involved.
The Mode of Sucrose Degradation in Potato Tubers Determines the Fate of Assimilate Utilization (2012)

Cytosolic (U-IN-2) or apoplasmic (U-IN-1) targeting of yeast invertase in potato tubers leads to a reduction in sucrose and an increase in glucose content, but specific phenotypical changes are dependent on the subcellular targeting of the enzyme. Cytosolic expression leads to a more severe phenotype with the most striking aspects being reduced starch content and increased respiration. Despite extensive research, the regulatory mechanisms leading to these changes remain obscure. Recent technological advancements regarding potato transcriptional and genomic research presented us with the opportunity to revisit these lines and perform detailed gene expression analysis, in combination with extensive metabolic profiling, to identify regulatory networks underlying the observed changes. Our results indicate that in both genotypes reduced UDP-glucose production is associated with a reduced expression of cell wall biosynthetic genes. In addition, U-IN-1 tubers are characterized by elevated expression of senescence-associated genes, coupled to reduced expression of genes related to photosynthesis and the cytoskeleton. We provide evidence that increased respiration, observed specifically in U-IN-2 tubers, might be due to sugar signaling via released trehalose-6-phosphate inhibition of the SnRK1 complex. In both genotypes, expression of the plastidic glucose-6-phosphate transporter (GPT) is significantly down-regulated. This leads to a shift in the cytosolic to plastidic glucose-6-phosphate ratio and hence might limit starch synthesis but also the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway. This might explain the observed changes in several additional plastid localized pathways, most notably reduced expression of fatty acid biosynthetic genes and an accumulation of shikimate. Interestingly, a strict negative correlation between invertase and GPT expression could be observed in a wide range of potato tubers. This reciprocal regulation may be part of a more general switch controlling energy versus storage metabolism, suggesting that the fate of assimilate utilization is coordinated at the level of sucrose degradation.
Deposition of Nd-Doped Fe2O3 Nanoparticles on Cenosphere by Hydrothermal Method (2015)

A layer of flake-like Fe 2 O 3 particles doped with rare earth Nd[Formula: see text] ions is homogeneously coated on the surface of cenosphere by using ferric nitrate as the iron source, tartaric acid as the precipitating agent, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide as the dispersing agent and neodymium nitrate as the dopant via a facile hydrothermal route. The as-prepared cenosphere is characterized by various analytical techniques such as field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The performances of photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye are also investigated under ultraviolet and visible light irradiations. The experimental results indicate that the doping concentration of Nd[Formula: see text] ions is optimized as 0.4% with respect to Fe[Formula: see text] ions, and the rare earth Nd[Formula: see text] ions are highly dispersed onto Fe 2 O 3 particle surface. After being doped with Nd[Formula: see text] ions, the photoactivity of the 0.4% Nd-doped Fe 2 O 3 coated cenosphere is distinctly improved. The magnetic properties are also enhanced to a large extent.
2W average power, all-fiber format, continuum source based on holey fiber pumped at 1 micron wavelength. (2002)

We propose and demonstrate a 2.1W average power, 600nm wide broadband fiber source based on highly nonlinear 1.6 μm core size holey fiber pumped by the 10W average, 1KW peak power seeded Ytterbium fiber amplifier.
Stalking Indian Ocean Illness (2006)

PARIS—Responding to a major outbreak of the crippling chikungunya virus on the island of La Réunion (Science, 24 February, p. 1085), the French government has announced the creation of a new research and surveillance center for emerging diseases in the Indian Ocean. France has pledged a start-up budget of $2.7 million, but details are still sketchy. “My dream is that it will be open for researchers from around the world,” says Antoine Flahault, who coordinates France's chikungunya research program. With an international scope and sufficient funding, the center could fill an important need, says epidemiologist Mark Wilson of the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Resist edge roughness with reducing pattern size (1998)

Recently, resist edge roughness with reducing pattern size has become a serious problem. We investigated the roughness of chemically amplified, positive-tone resists, experimentally. To reduce the roughness, we added a quencher with strong basicity to the resist, and observed sub quarter micron nested lines. As a result, the roughness was improved with increasing the quencher concentration, especially in 0.15 micrometers nested line patterns. Adding quencher was not too much effective for the larger size patterns. The acid concentration in resist was increased by adding quencher, because the nominal dose became large by that. It was also indicated experimentally that generated acid concentration at pattern edge was nearly equal to that of quencher at nominal dose. The nominal dose was determined by quencher concentration. We defined effective acid concentration as remaining acid concentration after quenching. This effective acid concentration increased with increasing quencher concentration too. The roughness seemed to be generated when effective acid concentration profile was lowered. It is indicated that the resist edge roughness with reducing pattern size can be expected from its effective acid concentration profile.
A New Cell Line-Based Neutralization Assay for Primary HIV Type 1 Isolates (2002)

Simple and standardized assays for detection and quantification of neutralizing antibodies to primary HIV-1 isolates are needed in research on HIV-1 vaccines and pathogenesis. Here we describe a new HIV-1 neutralization assay that is based on plaque formation in U87.CD4-CCR5 and U87.CD4-CXCR4 cells, which is an attractive alternative to peripheral blood mononuclear cell-based assays. Infected cells form syncytia, that is, plaques, that can be stained with hematoxylin and enumerated by light microscopy. Neutralization is determined by the ability of a serum to reduce the number of plaque-forming units (PFU) relative to controls exposed to medium or negative serum. The intraassay variation of the plaque-forming unit determinations was tested with 15 serum-virus combinations and showed good reproducibility. The differences ranged from -19 to +27% and had a standard deviation of +/- 9.1%. On the basis of these data the cutoff for neutralization (i.e., plaque reduction) was set to 30% (3.3 standard deviations). Virus titration experiments showed that neutralization results were dependent on virus dose and therefore the neutralization assays should be performed with a virus dose of 10-100 PFU/well. The reproducibility of the new neutralization assay was tested with 4 primary viruses and 9 sera for a total of 20 virus-serum combinations. The mean difference in neutralization (i.e. plaque reduction) determinations performed on different days was as small as 11%. None of 10 Swedish sera and 1 Ugandan plasma pool from HIV-1-uninfected subjects were positive for neutralization, indicating that the assay has high specificity. In summary, the new U87.CD4 cell line-based neutralization assay for primary HIV-1 isolates is a highly reproducible, sensitive, and high-throughput assay that is well suited for large-scale HIV-1 neutralization studies.
1990年 ヒロシマ・ナガサキ「平和宣言」の一考察 : 広島大学学生の意識調査をとおして (1990)

The purpose of this paper is to verify differences of the 'Peace Declarations' delivered in Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1990. Both Declarations made an appeal for the total abolition of nuclear weapons and complete disarmament. But, in reality, there were a lot of differences between them. The authors sent out questionnaires to 367 members of Hiroshima University students. The question is 'As to the Peace Declarations delivered in Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1990, how are they different basically? And what do you think has caused such differences?' The findings are as follows: It was easier to understand the Peace Declaration of Nagasaki than that of Hiroshima because of concrete descriptions. And the Peace Declaration in Nagasaki took more serious view of the world situation today than the other. Moreover, Hitoshi Motoshima, the Mayor of Nagasaki, admitting that Japan had 'invaded' the Asian countries from 1910 to 1945, showed a friendly attitude to these countries. On the other hand, Takeshi Araki, the Mayor of Hiroshima, didn't mention it at all. As to the causes of differences between the two cities in views of Asia; 1) Nagasaki is nearer the Asian Continent, and has longer relations to the Asian countries historically, than Hiroshima; 84 students. 2) the Mayor of Nagasaki regards Asia as important, the Mayor of Hiroshima shows little interest in Asia; 80 students. 3) There are comtemptuous feeling to the Asian countries and people, in the City of Hiroshima; 126 students. From this survey, it was clear that the Peace Declaration of Nagasaki had much higher opinions than that of Hiroshima.
Sorbent production/modification/additives. Final report, June 1, 1990--August 31, 1991 (1992)

Sorbent preparation techniques used today have generally been adapted from techniques traditionally used by the lime industry. Traditional ``dry`` hydration and slaking processes have been optimized to produce materials intended for used in the building industry. An experimental program is being carried out for the purpose of (1) defining the effects of slaking conditions on the properties of calcium-based sorbents, (2) determining how the parent limestone properties and preparation techniques interact to define the SO{sub 2} capture properties of calcium-based sorbents, and (3) elucidating the mechanism(s) relating to the activity of various dry sorbent additives. Work has focussed in the areas of experimental set-up (all experimental apparatus has been built from the ground up) and the learning/selection of analytical techniques for sorbent characterization. Accomplishments (1) the collection of a series of limestone/ hydrated lime/ quicklime samples representing a range of Ohio limestone products, (2) initial analyses of the suite of Ohio limestones, (3) the set-up/shakedown of a mercury porosimeter, (4) the design and construction of a bench-scale slaking reactor, and (5) the design and construction of a bench-scale calcination reactor. Effects of various additives is discussed.
Clinical definition of sarcopenia (2014)

Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. Although it is primarily a disease of the elderly, its development may be associated with conditions that are not exclusively seen in older persons. Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength and it is strictly correlated with physical disability, poor quality of life and death. Risk factors for sarcopenia include age, gender and level of physical activity. In conditions such as malignancy, rheumatoid arthritis and aging, lean body mass is lost while fat mass may be preserved or even increased. The loss in muscle mass may be associated with increased body fat so that despite normal weight there is marked weakness, this is a condition called sarcopenic obesity. There is an important correlation between inactivity and losses of muscle mass and strength, this suggests that physical activity should be a protective factor for the prevention but also the management of sarcopenia. Furthermore one of the first step to be taken for a person with sarcopenia or clinical frailty is to ensure that the sarcopenic patient is receiving correct and sufficient nutrition. Sarcopenia has a greater effect on survival. It should be important to prevent or postpone as much as possible the onset of this condition, to enhance survival and to reduce the demand for long-term care. Interventions for sarcopenia need to be developed with most attention on exercise and nutritional interventions.
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibition in cancer therapy (2012)

This article refers to:Therapeutic response to CDK4/6 inhibition in breast cancer defined by ex vivo analyses of human tumorsCDK4/6 inhibition antagonizes the cytotoxic response to anthracycline therapy