gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SIgA Binding to Mucosal Surfaces Is Mediated by Mucin-Mucin Interactions (2015)

The oral mucosal pellicle is a layer of absorbed salivary proteins, including secretory IgA (SIgA), bound onto the surface of oral epithelial cells and is a useful model for all mucosal surfaces. The mechanism by which SIgA concentrates on mucosal surfaces is examined here using a tissue culture model with real saliva. Salivary mucins may initiate the formation of the mucosal pellicle through interactions with membrane-bound mucins on cells. Further protein interactions with mucins may then trigger binding of other pellicle proteins. HT29 colon cell lines, which when treated with methotrexate (HT29-MTX) produce a gel-forming mucin, were used to determine the importance of these mucin-mucin interactions. Binding of SIgA to cells was then compared using whole mouth saliva, parotid (mucin-free) saliva and a source of purified SIgA. Greatest SIgA binding occurred when WMS was incubated with HT29-MTX expressing mucus. Since salivary MUC5B was only able to bind to cells which produced mucus and purified SIgA showed little binding to the same cells we conclude that most SIgA binding to mucosal cells occurs because SIgA forms complexes with salivary mucins which then bind to cells expressing membrane-bound mucins. This work highlights the importance of mucin interactions in the development of the mucosal pellicle.
Mirror symmetry breaking in cubic phases and isotropic liquids driven by hydrogen bonding (2016)

Achiral supramolecular hydrogen bonded complexes between rod-like 4-(4-alkoxyphenylazo)pyridines and a taper shaped 4-substituted benzoic acid form achiral (Ia3[combining macron]d) and chiral "Im3[combining macron]m-type" bicontinuous cubic (I432) phases and a chiral isotropic liquid mesophase (Iso<sub>1</sub><sup>[</sup>*<sup>]</sup>). The chiral phases, resulting from spontaneous mirror symmetry breaking, represent conglomerates of macroscopic chiral domains eventually leading to uniform chirality.
Thermal buckling actuator for micro relays (2002)

An actuator for micromachined relays has been investigated. The actuator is fabricated by the sealed-cavity process, a micromachining technology. It has a thin Si clamped-clamped beam which is deformed by buckling due to thermal SiO/sub 2/ built-in stress and thermal stress. The actuator size is 2.5 mm(L)/spl times/0.5 mm(W)/spl times/0.02 mm(T). 25-micron deflection at the center point and 2.0 gf force were obtained with 27 V/25 mA input power.
Molecular evidence for the evolution of ichnoviruses from ascoviruses by symbiogenesis (2008)

Our results provide molecular evidence supporting the origin of ichnoviruses from ascoviruses by lateral transfer of ascoviral genes into ichneumonid wasp genomes, perhaps the first example of symbiogenesis between large DNA viruses and eukaryotic organisms. We also discuss the limits of this evidence through complementary studies, which revealed that passive lateral transfer of viral genes among polydnaviral, bacterial, and wasp genomes may have occurred repeatedly through an intimate coupling of both recombination and replication of viral genomes during evolution. The impact of passive lateral transfers on evolutionary relationships between polydnaviruses and viruses with large double-stranded genomes is considered in the context of the theory of symbiogenesis.
Sex Pheromone Components of the Sunflower Moth,Homoeosoma electellum:1Z-9,E-12-tetradecadienol andZ-9-tetradecenol2 (1979)

An abdominal tip extract and a solution of the volatile emissions from female Homoeosoma electellum (Hulst.) moths were separately fractionated by gas chromatography and found to contain a single fraction having major stimulatory activity on male antennae. Further fractionation yielded three 14-carbon alcohols. These were identified as tetradecanol, Z -9-tetradecenol and Z -9, E -12-tetradecadienol, based on GC retention times on packed and capillary columns, mass spectral analysis and an EAG profile of isomeric tetradecenols. In preliminary field test traps containing Z -9, E -12-tetradecadienol and Z 9-tetradecenol were as attractive to males as were female baited traps.
Wide-range broadband terahertz emission from high χ(2)dendrimer (2012)

Electro-optic dendrimer was used to generate CW terahertz radiation via difference frequency method. In case of electro-optic excitation, the pump-THz conversion is not limited either by emission saturation or by heat dissipation. Especially, the difference frequency generation (DFG) uses two-photon excitation that eliminates the use of a femtosecond pulsed laser and allows for producing both continuous wave (CW) and pulsed terahertz radiation. This report outlines a wideband terahertz spectrometer that is designed around an EO dendrimer terahertz source. This source allows for a wide terahertz range and higher output power. The spectrometer (TeraSpectra) was calibrated with a polyethylene card. It was found that the TeraSpectra reproduces known absorbance peaks of polyethylene with many additional peaks not discovered before. The main origin of these additional peaks is from the fact that the TeraSpectra is sensitive to many resonances possible in a molecule.
Characterization and Evaluation of the Improved Performance of Modified Reverse Osmosis Membranes by Incorporation of Various Organic Modifiers and SnO2 Nanoparticles (2015)

Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes modified with SnO 2 nanoparticles of varied concentrations (0.001–0.1 wt.%) were developed via in situ interfacial polymerization (IP) of trimesoyl chloride (TMC) and m ‐phenylenediamine (MPD) on nanoporous polysulfone supports. The nanoparticles dispersed in the dense nodular polyamide on the polysulfone side. The effects of IP reaction time and SnO 2 loading on membrane separation performance were studied. The modified reverse osmosis membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffractometer (XRD), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), contact angle measurement, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The synthesized SnO 2 nanoparticles size varies between 10 and 30 nm. The results exhibited a smooth membrane surface and average surface roughness from 31 to 68 nm. Moreover, hydrophilicity was enhanced and contact angle decreased. The outcomes showed that an IP reaction time was essential to form a denser SnO 2 ‐polyamide layer for higher salt rejection, the developed reverse osmosis membranes with the incorporation of the SnO 2 nanoparticles were examined by measuring permeate fluxes and salt rejection, and the permeate flux increased from 26 to 43.4 L/m 2 ·h, while salt rejection was high at 98% (2000 ppm NaCl solution at 225 psi (1.55 MPa), 25°C).
A Regression and Boundary-Crossing-Based Model for the Perception of Delayed Stiffness (2008)

The stiffness of the environment with which we come in contact is the local derivative of a force field. The boundary of an elastic field is a singular region where local stiffness is ill-defined. We found that subjects interacting with delayed force fields tend to underestimate stiffness if they do not move across the boundary. In contrast, they tend to overestimate stiffness when they move across the elastic field boundary. We propose a unifying computational model of stiffness perception based on an active process that combines the concurrent operations of a force and of a position-control system.
Fourier-optical selection of higher order transverse modes in broad area lasers (1999)

A partially and a highly antire ection coated broad area laser are operated in an external cavity Fourier-optical 4f set-up to experimentally investigate transverse mode selection. The external cavity consists of a lens and a spatial frequency filter. Running freely the lasers show non-stationary filamentation. Placing the spatial filter unit directly onto the optical axis gives cw fundamental mode operation and a transverse shift of the spatial filter in the plane of the active region allows for selective excitation of higher order modes.
The quadratic electro-optical effect in ferroelectric liquid crystal helical nanostructures: role of the driving voltage shape (2015)

Recently it was shown that in deformed helix ferroelectric (DHF) structure, the electrically controlled birefringence of chiral smectic C* phase with subwavelength helix pitch ( is known to be proportional to the square of the electric field E) depends on the cell thickness and on the frequency of applied voltage, given as a Step function of the time. The purpose of the present work is to investigate whether this quadratic effect depends also on the voltage function shape, comparing the electrically controlled birefringence and the Kerr constant in DHF cells with different thickness, driven by STAIR and Step voltage functions.
Synthesis of Decaline-Type Thermal-Stable Jet Fuel Additives with Cycloketones (2019)

Decalin is a jet fuel additive with high thermal stability and energy density. Herein, we reported a novel method for the preparation of decalin from cyclopentanone, a hemicellulose derived cycloketone. Ethanolamine acetate (EAOAc), an ionic liquid catalyst which can be derived from biomass, was first applied to the self-aldol condensation of cyclopentanone and demonstrated good activity for this reaction. After the optimization of reaction conditions, ∼83.5% carbon yield of 2-cyclopentylidenecyclopentanone was achieved over the EAOAc catalyst. The hydrodeoxygenation of 2-cyclopentylidenecyclopentanone over a physical mixture of Ru/C and H-β zeolite afforded bi(cyclopentane) which could be further isomerized to decalin. Among the screened catalysts, La-Y zeolite exhibited excellent performance for the isomerization process. According to the characterization results, the high activity of La-Y was rationalized by its large medium-strong acid amount and the appropriate ratio of Brønsted acid to Lewis acid. Analogously, branched decalins were synthesized with cyclohexanone using the same procedure.
Visualizing time-varying matrices using multidimensional scaling and reorderable matrices (2004)

We present a novel approach to visualize time-varying matrices. This approach is based on combining multidimensional scaling and the reorderable matrix method. An adapted version of multidimensional scaling which allows the construction of similarity plots for columns/rows of time-varying matrices is proposed. In addition, we have extended the reorderable matrix method to allow the visual exploration of time-varying matrix data in a tabular form for being able to verify the results of MDS and possibly discover new patterns in data. The benefits of our approach are illustrated by showing visualizations of sensitivity matrices generated during simulations of metabolic network models.
Design and Implementation of a Multi Level Three-Phase Inverter with Less Switches and Low Output Voltage Distortion (2009)

This paper proposes and describes the design and operational principles of a three-phase three-level nine switch voltage source inverter. The proposed topology consists of three bi-directional switches inserted between the source and the full-bridge power switches of the classical three-phase inverter. As a result, a three-level output voltage waveform and a significant suppression of load harmonics contents are obtained at the inverter output. The harmonics content of the proposed multilevel inverter can be reduced by half compared with two-level inverters. A Fourier analysis of the output waveform is performed and the design is optimized to obtain the minimum total harmonic distortion. The full-bridge power switches of the classical three-phase inverter operate at the line frequency of 50Hz, while the auxiliary circuit switches operate at twice the line frequency. To validate the proposed topology, both simulation and analysis have been performed. In addition, a prototype has been designed, implemented and tested. Selected simulation and experimental results have been provided.
Supplementary Figure 1 from CD16<sup>+</sup>NKG2A<sup>high</sup> Natural Killer Cells Infiltrate Breast Cancer–Draining Lymph Nodes (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1&lt;/p&gt;
Full-waveform inversion with borehole constraints for elastic VTI media (2020)

The nonlinearity of full-waveform inversion (FWI) and parameter trade-offs can prevent convergence toward the actual model, especially for elastic anisotropic media. The problems with parameter updating become particularly severe if ultra-low-frequency seismic data are unavailable, and the initial model is not sufficiently accurate. We introduce a robust way to constrain the inversion workflow using borehole information obtained from well logs. These constraints are included in the form of rock-physics relationships for different geologic facies (e.g., shale, sand, salt, and limestone). We develop a multiscale FWI algorithm for transversely isotropic media with a vertical symmetry axis (VTI media) that incorporates facies information through a regularization term in the objective function. That term is updated during the inversion by using the models obtained at the previous inversion stage. To account for lateral heterogeneity between sparse borehole locations, we use an image-guided smoothing algorithm. Numerical testing for structurally complex anisotropic media demonstrates that the facies-based constraints may ensure the convergence of the objective function towards the global minimum in the absence of ultra-low-frequency data and for simple (even 1D) initial models. We test the algorithm on clean data and on surface records contaminated by Gaussian noise. The algorithm also produces a high-resolution facies model, which should be instrumental in reservoir characterization.
Ocean and climate modeling (2000)

Simulated atmospheric water content from a high-definition global climate model for hypothetical January conditions in eastern Africa, an area that has experienced severe rainfall in recent months. The wispy streamers show high concentrations of water vapor (which contributes to the formation of clouds associated with weather systems); the larger bright white patches are typically associated with such phenomena as thunderstorm clusters. This prototype simulation on a 45-mile grid was done with a large parallel computer at Los
Enhanced luminous efficiency of phosphor-converted LEDs by using back reflector to increase reflectivity for yellow light (2014)

To obtain high reflectivity over a broad range of green, yellow, and red light as well as blue light incidents from a particular angular range and further increase the luminous efficiency of a phosphor-converted white LED packaging module, a novel back hybrid reflector including a SiO(2) total internal reflection layer (TIR), five-pair SiO(2)/TiO(2) double distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) stacks, and a gold (Au) metallic mirror was designed and fabricated. The double DBR stacks have layers configured to reflect green, yellow, and red light as well as blue light, which includes a first portion where the thickness of the layers are relatively larger, and also includes a second portion where the thickness of the layers is relatively smaller. Light that is passing toward the hybrid reflector at angles greater than the critical angle (56°) is reflected by the SiO(2) TIR layer at the sapphire/SiO(2) interface, whereas the light that passes through the SiO(2) TIR layer with incident angles between 0° and 56° is reflected by the double DBR stacks. The overall hybrid reflector can ensure a reflectivity of more than 95% in both the blue light wavelength region and the yellow light wavelength region. The obtained higher reflectivity in the yellow light wavelength region will benefit the phosphor-converted LEDs because yellow light backscattered by phosphor particles is reflected upward.
Long term effects of temperature and substrate level on BNR with an external nitrification reactor (2003)

This study was conducted with a BNR (biological nutrient removal) process with an external nitrification and switching arrangement of anoxic and oxic stages. It was observed that the SPRR (specific phosphorus release rate) and SDNR (specific denitrification rate) were greatly affected by the organic loads, and SDNR had a higher temperature effect than other kinetic rates including nitrification. It was further observed that the stoichiometric values like PHA (poly hydroxyalkanoate) stored for P release and PHA consumed for P uptake also varied. Variations of % Px (phosphorus content) and PHA as intracellular matter suggest the PAOs were more active at lower temperatures with this process configuration, where more than 70% of NH4-N and phosphorus were removed at temperatures below 10 degrees.
Horizontally Curved Plates on Elastic Foundations (1987)

An analytical solution is presented for the analysis of horizontally curved (or sector) plates on elastic foundations. Circular concrete pavements of highways may be analyzed by this method. Plates with different boundary conditions and subjected to various types of loadings can be treated by the proposed method.
Determination of the Dynamics of Healing at the Tissue-Implant Interface by Means of Microcomputed Tomography and Functional Apparent Moduli (2013)

Micro-CT imaging and FAM were of value in measuring the temporal process of tissue-implant integration in vivo. This approach will be useful to complement imaging technologies for longitudinal monitoring of osseointegration.
Co-Evolutionary Compression for Unpaired Image Translation (2019)

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have been successfully used for considerable computer vision tasks, especially the image-to-image translation. However, generators in these networks are of complicated architectures with large number of parameters and huge computational complexities. Existing methods are mainly designed for compressing and speeding-up deep neural networks in the classification task, and cannot be directly applied on GANs for image translation, due to their different objectives and training procedures. To this end, we develop a novel co-evolutionary approach for reducing their memory usage and FLOPs simultaneously. In practice, generators for two image domains are encoded as two populations and synergistically optimized for investigating the most important convolution filters iteratively. Fitness of each individual is calculated using the number of parameters, a discriminator-aware regularization, and the cycle consistency. Extensive experiments conducted on benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for obtaining compact and effective generators.
Performance Evaluation of a Distributed Approach for VPC Network Management (1997)

By reserving transmission capacity on a series of links from one node to another, making a virtual path connection (VPC) between these nodes, several benefits are made. VPCs will enable segregation of traffics with different QoS, simplify routing at transit nodes, and simplify connection admission control. As telecommunications traffics experience variations in the number of calls per time unit, due to office hours, inaccurate forecasting, quick changes in traffic loads, and changes in the types of traffic (as in introduction of new services), there is a need to cope for this by adaptive capacity reallocation. By using VPC capacity reallocation, the responsivness for traffic fluctuations will increase. The focus of this paper is to propose and evaluate a distributed approach for VPC management with multiple routes. The evaluation is done in networks with one type of traffic and having Poissonian call arrivals. The size of the network is moderate and can be seen as a core ATM network.
Pattern Generation of Biped Walking Constrained on Parametric Surface (2006)

This paper describes a generation method for spatially natural biped walking. By limiting the COG (Center of Gravity) motion space to a sculptured surface, the degree of freedom of the COG matches to the number of the ZMP (Zero Moment Point) equations. The COG motion can be uniquely generated along a specified surface satisfying the ZMP constraint with low calculation cost. Spatial and time parts are separable by representing motion surface of the COG as parametric variables. The motion surface defines the relative height of the COG from the landing foot position. Thus, the proposed method reflects geometric information directly to the motion planning without considering walk stability. In this paper, we show two actual examples, walking pattern including mostly stretched knee and going up stairs. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed by simulation. Walking with mostly stretched knee is also shown in experiment using HRP-2.
Redox Control of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases in Plants (2003)

Environmental conditions, including light, temperature, water status, and soil salinity, all modify the redox state of plant cells ([Allen et al., 1995][1]). A number of studies have shown that oxidative stress is a common factor that affects plant growth and development under extreme environmental
Freestanding 3D nanoporous Cu@1D Cu2O nanowire heterostructures: from a facile one-step protocol to robust application in Li storage (2019)

Herein, a one-step UPO-assisted dealloying protocol was developed to synthesize monolithic 3D NPC@1D Cu<sub>2</sub>O NWN heterostructures with superior Li storage properties.
Effect of Concentric Isokinetic Knee Strength Training on Gait, Balance and Quality of Life in Chronic Stroke Patients (2007)

Objective: To determine the effects of concentric isokinetic knee strength training on gait, balance and health related quality of life in chronic stroke patients. Method: Fifteen patients with chronic stroke participated in this study. All subjects were community ambulators and trained using Biodex System 3 isokinetic dynamometer three times a week for 6 weeks. The training program consisted of concentric isokinetic strengthening of both knee extensors and flexors. Peak torque of knee extensors and flexors, walking performance (temporospatial parameter of gait and stair climbing time), balance (overall balance index, anterior/ posterior index and medial/lateral index) and health-related quality of life measure (36-item short form health survey, SF-36) were evaluated before and after training period. Results: Muscle strength improved significantly after training. Walking speed, stride length and stair climbing time improved significantly after training. Balance indices and SF-36 score also improved significantly after training. Conclusion: Gain in muscle strength appeared to be transferred to functional improvement. Therefore, isokinetic resistance training program would be one of the effective rehabilitation programs for chronic stroke survivors. Further investigations are required for long-term effect and development of strength-specific resistance training program. (J Korean Acad Rehab Med 2007; 31: 649-654)