gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evolution of DC and RF degradation induced by high-temperature accelerated lifetest of pseudomorphic GaAs and InGaAs/InAlAs/InP HEMT MMICs (2003)

The evolution of DC and microwave degradation induced by three-temperature accelerated lifetest of pseudomorphic GaAs and InGaAs/InAlAs/InP HEMTs was investigated. Reliability investigations were performed on monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) amplifiers fabricated using 0.1 /spl mu/m T-gate pseudomorphic GaAs and InGaAs/InAlAs/InP HEMTs. Operating at accelerated life test conditions, MMIC amplifiers were lifetested at three-temperatures (T/sub 1/=255/spl deg/C, T/sub 2/=270/spl deg/C and T/sub 3/=285/spl deg/C for 0.1 /spl mu/m GaAs PHEMT; T/sub 1/=215/spl deg/C, T/sub 2/=230/spl deg/C and T/sub 3/=250/spl deg/C for 0.1 /spl mu/m InGaAs/InAlAs/InP HEMT). High reliability performance with | /spl Delta/S21 | > 1.0 dB as the failure criteria was achieved on both technologies. From the 3-temperature lifetest, while GaAs PHEMT MMICs have activation energy of 1.7 eV, InGaAs/InAlAs/InP HEMT MMICs exhibit the activation energy of 2 eV. The difference is due to the distinct degradation mechanisms, which cause the S21 degradation. For GaAs PHEMTs, S21 degradation is mainly induced by the gradual gate metal sinking through the high-temperature lifetest; on the other hand, for InGaAs/InAlAs/InP HEMTs, the increase of access resistance on the source and drain regions causes the S21 degradation. Nevertheless, MTTF at T/sub channel/=125/spl deg/C of pseudomorphic GaAs and InGaAs/InAlAs/InP HEMTs is higher than 1/spl times/10/sup 8/ hours. This is state-of-the-art of reliability performance reported on both technologies. From this study, the understanding of degradation evolution leads to the different approaches to improving the high-temperature reliability performance on pseudomorphic GaAs and InGaAs/InAlAs/InP HEMTs.
Expression and Splicing of the Insulin‐Like Growth Factor Gene in Rodent Muscle is Associated with Muscle Satellite (stem) Cell Activation following Local Tissue Damage (2003)

Muscle satellite cells are mononuclear cells that remain in a quiescent state until activated when they proliferate and fuse with muscle fibres to donate nuclei, a process necessary for post-embryonic growth, hypertrophy and tissue repair in this post-mitotic tissue. These processes have been associated with expression of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) gene that can undergo alternative splicing to generate different gene products with varying functions. To gain insight into the cellular mechanisms involved in local tissue repair, the time courses of expression of two IGF-I splice variants produced in muscle were determined together with marker genes for satellite cell activation following local muscle damage. Using real-time RT-PCR with specific primers, the mRNA transcripts in rat tibialis anterior muscles were measured at different time intervals following either mechanical damage imposed by electrical stimulation of the stretched muscle or damage caused by injection with bupivacaine. It was found that the autocrine splice variant mechano growth factor (MGF) was rapidly expressed and then declined within a few days following both types of damage. Systemic IGF-IEa was more slowly upregulated and its increase was commensurate with the rate of decline in MGF expression. Satellite cell activation as measured by M-cadherin and one of the muscle regulatory factors MyoD and the sequence of expression suggests that the initial pulse of MGF is responsible for satellite cell activation, as the systemic IGF-IEa mRNA expression peaks after the expression of these markers, including M-cadherin protein. Later splicing of the IGF-I gene away from MGF but towards IGF-IEa seems physiologically appropriate as IGF-IEa is the main source of mature IGF-I for upregulation of protein synthesis required to complete the repair.
Haploid barley regenerated from callus cultures of Hordeum vulgare × H. jubatum (1980)

Journal Article Haploid barley regenerated from callus cultures of Hordeum vulgare × H. jubatum Get access T. J. ORTON T. J. ORTON assistant professor Department of Vegetable Crops, University of CaliforniaDavis, CA 95616 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Heredity, Volume 71, Issue 4, July 1980, Pages 280–282, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a109364 Published: 01 July 1980
LnPO 4 Nanoparticles Doped with Ac-225 and Sequestered Daughters for Targeted Alpha Therapy (2013)

For targeted alpha therapy (TAT) with 225Ac, daughter radioisotopes from the parent emissions should be controlled. Here, we report on a second-generation layered nanoparticle (NP) with improved daughter retention that can mediate TAT of lung tumor colonies. NPs of La3+, Gd3+, and 225Ac3+ ions were coated with additional layers of GdPO4 and then coated with gold via citrate reduction of NaAuCl4. MAb 201b, targeting thrombomodulin in lung endothelium, was added to a polyethylene glycol (dPEG)-COOH linker. The NPs:mAb ratio was quantified by labeling the mAb with 125I. NPs showed 30% injected dose/organ antibody-mediated uptake in the lung, which increased to 47% in mice pretreated with clodronate liposomes to reduce phagocytosis. Retention of daughter 213Bi in lung tissue was more than 70% at one hour and about 90% at 24 hours postinjection. Treatment of mice with lung-targeted 225Ac NP reduced EMT-6 lung colonies relative to cold antibody competition for targeting or phosphate-buffered saline injected controls. We conclude that LnPO4 NPs represent a viable solution to deliver the 225Ac as an in vivo α generator. The NPs successfully retain a large percentage of the daughter products without compromising the tumoricidal properties of the α-radiation.
Induction of apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma cell by Geraniin (2010)

Aim: To study the anti-tumour effect of Geraniin isolated from Agrimonia pilosa ledeb. Methods: MTT was used to study anti-tumor effect of Geraniin in vitro. Morphological observation of the cells was completed by fluorescence microscope. The effect of Gerannin on cell apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells was studied by flow cytometry. Results: The proliferation of SGC-7901 cells was inhibited after treated with 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 15μg/ml Gerannin for 72h and the IC50 is 11.5μg/mL. After SGC-7901 cells were treated by geraniin for 24h, morphological changes of apoptosis were observed. The apoptotic cells were detected after treating with 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10μg/ml of Gerannin for 24h. The rate of apoptosis in SGC-7901 cells induced by gerannin was found to be 7, 11.1, 20, and 27.1%, respectively. Conclusion: Gerannin has anti-tumour effect. Its mechanism of anti-tumour could be attributed to its action of initiating the apoptosis of tumor cells.
Molecular Epidemiologic Studies in 1,3-Butadiene-Exposed Czech Workers (2006)

SS3-03 Introduction: 1,3-butadiene's (BD) mode of action as a rodent carcinogen is genotoxicity, an important precursor for cancer. Methods: A continuum of biomarkers was measured in BD-exposed workers in the Czech Republic after extensive exposure assessments over several months. Results: Mean 8-hour TWA BD exposure levels for the 25 controls, 24 monomer production workers, and 34 polymerization workers (all male) in an initial study were 0.010, 0.290, and 0.810 ppm. Biomarkers measured included urinary metabolites, hemoglobin adducts, SCEs, HPRT gene mutations, chromosome aberrations, and metabolic genotypes at several loci. Urinary metabolite and hemoglobin adduct concentrations were significantly elevated, correlating with BD exposure levels. Detoxification metabolism as reflected by urinary metabolite ratios showed the dominance of hydrolysis. No significant relationships were seen between BD exposures and gene mutations or cytogenetic end points. Some polymorphisms did modulate detoxification metabolism but did not otherwise influence biomarker responses. A second study compared females and males. In addition to the hemoglobin adducts measured in the first study, analysis of a diepoxide-specific adduct was added. BD levels had fallen since the first study, TWAs are now 0.180 and 0.0035 ppm for 23 female-exposed and 26 female control workers, respectively, and 0.370 and 0.007 ppm for 30 male-exposed and 25 male control workers, respectively. Urinary metabolite concentrations again reflected BD exposures in males, but not in females who actually excreted less urine metabolite per unit BD exposure than did males. Metabolite ratios again reflected the dominance of hydrolytic detoxification and were not different between the sexes. Although hemoglobin adduct determinations are incomplete, diepoxide specific adducts were nondetectible in any subjects. Again, neither HPRT mutations nor cytogenetic changes were related to BD exposures in either sex. Discussion and Conclusions: Biomarkers are useful for mechanistic cancer assessments allowing comparisons between animal experiments and human molecular epidemiologic studies. Metabolism, metabolite accumulations, and genotoxic effects can now be quantified by molecular epidemiology. The BD studies are illustrative. BD's genotoxicity and therefore its carcinogenicity depend on electrophilic metabolites, particularly the diepoxide, that result from oxidative metabolism. Humans form much less of this metabolite per unit dose of BD than do rodents. This is reflected in its diminished genotoxicity in humans with the weight of evidence (including these Czech studies) indicating that it has yet to be demonstrated under modern exposure conditions. This has implications for assessing its cancer risk.
Abstract 4912: Systematic, comparative network analysis on non-small cell lung cancer (2012)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Most cancers lack any effective early disease markers, prognostic and predictive signatures. We fail treating cancer due to multiple ways cancer initiates and develops treatment resistance. While drug modes of action are complex and poorly understood, using Comparative Toxicogenomics Database is an effective way to identify drug combinations. Integrating signatures with deregulated network information may lead to identifying novel treatment option for individual patients. APPROACH: A systematic graph analysis was used to extract network structure differences between normal and tumor patient samples in non-small cell lung cancer. Three gene expression datasets with 27 squamous cell carcinoma, 129 adenocarcinoma, 20 large cell carcinoma and 141 normal samples, and 18 prognostic non-small cell lung cancer gene signatures were used to construct normal and tumor co-expression graphs. RESULTS: We enumerated all 5-node graphlets in normal and tumor graphs, and separated them into 3 categories: unique for normal graph, unique for tumor graph, or present in both. We further focused on subgraphs with the same membership across all 3 datasets and unique to tumor graph. Using gene enrichment analysis with a hypergeometric test we identified 9 subgraphs significantly enriched in the term “regulation of lymphocyte activation” (p&amp;lt;0.05), and genes related to chemokine receptors (CCR2, CCR7), interleukin (IL16), interleukin receptor (IL7R), interferon regulatory factor (IRF4), and T cells or B cells (PTPRCAP, SH2D1A, LCK, BTK, MS4A1). Importantly, this analysis identified protein interaction deregulated in tumors. Using the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database, we identified putative compounds that may “repair” the wiring of these subnetworks in tumor samples. 7 out of 7 identified compounds for the significantly up-regulated genes (p&amp;lt;0.05), and 20 out of 25 significantly down-regulated genes (p&amp;lt;0.05) are associated with non-small cell lung cancer. The other 5 identified compounds are known for other types of cancer or neoplasms, including lung neoplasms. Importantly, 13/38 edges have known/predicted protein interaction evidence, with a high prediction scores &amp;gt;0.9 (11 interactions) and 0.8 (2 interactions). CONCLUSIONS: Systematic integration and network analysis of non-small cell lung signatures identifies potential treatment options and insights to the difference in the underlying wiring related to immune system, an emerging hallmark of cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4912. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4912
Temperature Dependence of the Ferromagnetic-Resonance Linewidth (1973)

A calculation of the temperature dependence of the magnetic-resonance linewidth in ferromagnetic crystals is presented. It is based on the Kubo-Tomita relaxation function and Van Vleck's method of moments, generalized to finite temperatures. Our work differs from previous general theories in that detailed calculations are performed including the applied field so that meaningful comparison between theory and experiment is possible over a wide range of temperatures including the Curie region. The temperature dependence of the moments is calculated in two steps. First, the four- and six-spin correlation functions which occur in the second and fourth moments, respectively, are decoupled into sums of products of two-spin correlation functions. These two-spin thermal averages are then computed in the constant-coupling approximation, since we show that nearest-neighbor static correlations are by far the most important. In this manner linewidth calculations are made for two ferromagnets, ${\mathrm{K}}_{2}$Cu${\mathrm{Cl}}_{4}$ \ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{} 2${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$O and Ni, for temperatures ranging from $T=0$ K to $T=10{T}_{C}$. It is found that the method gives reasonable agreement with the experiments of Ford and Jeffries on ${\mathrm{K}}_{2}$Cu${\mathrm{Cl}}_{4}$ \ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}2${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$O and of Bhagat and Chicklis and of Salamon on Ni.
BORPH: operating system support on the NetFPGA platform (2010)

This paper introduces the concepts behind BORPH, an operating system for reconfigurable computers. The porting and implementation of this operating system for the NetFPGA platform, as well as the tool flow integration are described.
Estrogen Inhibits Vascular Calcification via Vascular RANKL System (2010)

RANKL contributes to vascular calcification by regulating bone morphogenetic protein-2 and MGP expression, as well as bone-related proteins, and is counteracted by estrogen in a receptor-dependent manner.
Attitudes, risk of infection and behaviours in the operating room (the ARIBO Project): a prospective, cross-sectional study (2014)

Approbation of the Institutional Review Board of Paris North Hospitals, Paris 7 University, AP-HP (no 11-113, 6 April 2012). The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, and national and international conference presentations.
Study on finite buffer queue scheduling with polling and reservation strategy (2010)

A finite buffer queue scheduling with polling and reservation strategy for the network node is designed. Because the delay sensitive service and the non-delay sensitive service need the different quality of service, they will gain the different services through scheduling transmission rate. A three-dimension Markov queue model is proposed to investigate the queue scheduling model in this paper. The queue is analyzed by using the linear level reduction algorithm and quasi birth and death process. The performance measures are derived including mean queue length, mean waiting time and blocking probability of delay sensitive service and the non-delay sensitive service, etc.
Optimization of a 65-nm alternating phase-shift quartz etch process (2003)

As mask features advance to the 65 nm technology node, the ability to develop advanced phase shifting masks with reliable and repeatable processes is becoming increasingly important. Changes in process conditions (i.e. power, pressure, gases, etc.), play an important role in the reduction of RIE lag, micro-trenching, loading and the improvement of sidewall profiles. In this study, the effects of changing process conditions on the Tetra<sup>TM</sup> II Photomask Etch System were investigated. Process development was conducted to screen for a quartz etch process regime with enhanced performance.
Patient Blood Management in Pregnancy (2023)

This article reviews PBM in pregnancy, delivery, and the puerperium. The concept comprises early screening and treatment of anemia and iron deficiency, a transfusion and coagulation algorithm during delivery, as well as cell salvage.
To E or not to E?Can an IL-4-Induced B Cell Choose between IgE and IgG4? (1998)

Parasite immunologists had known for some time that IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions are rare in patients with chronic helminth infections, even though basophils and mast cells in these patients are sensitized with antiparasite IgE and exposed, often continuously, to parasite antigens. The inhibition of allergic reactivity in chronic helminth infections is mainly due to IgG4 'blocking antibodies' in the serum of the infected individual. IgG4 do not fix complement and bind weakly to Fcgamma receptors. Thus, antigen binding by IgG4, unlike IgE, is likely to have no or minimally harmful consequences. The discovery that, similar to IgE, expression of IgG4 is IL-4-dependent and is an intermediate step in sequential switching from IgM to IgE makes it imperative to understand how the two isotypes are coregulated and whether the two responses can be uncoupled, selectively boosting IgG4 over IgE. The ultimate goal is to apply to allergy the lesson we learnt from helminth infections.
Paspalum floridanum Michx. (2012)

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/herbarium_specimens_byname/17129/thumbnail.jpg
Delivery System Design for Improvement of Intestinal Absorption of Peptide Drugs (1997)

Most people drugs are hydrophilic molecules with a molecular weight between 300 and 20,000 and such molecules are usually given by parenteral administration. In many cases, enteral administration of these peptides via the gastrointestinal tract is preferred. However, oral administration of peptides and proteins is often limited by their instability in the gastrointestinal environment and/or poor absorption from the gut. To promote the absorption of these drugs, we first discovered unsaturated fatty acids with absorption enhancing activities and less harmful properties to the gastrointestinal membranes in hydrolysates of natural oil. The mechanisms whereby the permeability of drugs was enhanced by the fatty acids are associated with the disorder in the membrane's interior and the interaction of these fatty acids with the polar head group of phospholipid. Furthermore, we suggested that a SH-related substance was involved in the permeability enhancing effect of these fatty acids. Secondly, we developed a lympho-targeting delivery system for bleomycin by the combined effects of an ion-pair complex with dextran sulfate (DS) and an absorption enhancer. We found a very high lymphatic concentration when administered bleomycin-DS together with the absorption enhancer. Its mechanism may be due to a molecular sieving in the blood-lymph barrier in the intestinal tissues. Finally, to improve the intestinal absorption of peptides, we synthesized novel lipophilic derivatives of peptides including TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone), tetragastrin, enkephalin, calcitonin and insulin by a chemical modification with fatty acids, while maintaining their pharmacological activities. The stability and permeability of these peptides were improved by acylation with some fatty acids having appropriate carbon numbers. Thus, we have established the strategies for improving the delivery of peptide drugs by various approaches. In future, the combination use of these approaches will be expected to develop the delivery systems of these drugs for therapeutic treatment.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactivity of α,β‐Unsaturated Acetals with Electrophiles in the Presence of Organolithium‐Potassium Reagents. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Goldfish transposase Tgf2 presumably from recent horizontal transfer is active (2012)

Hobo/Activator/Tam3 (hAT) superfamily transposons occur in plants and animals and play a role in genomic evolution. Certain hAT transposons are active and have been developed as incisive genetic tools. Active vertebrate elements are rarely discovered; however, Tgf2 transposon was recently discovered in goldfish (Carassius auratus). Here, we found that the endogenous Tgf2 element can transpose in goldfish genome. Seven different goldfish mRNA transcripts, encoding three lengths of Tgf2 transposase, were identified. Tgf2 transposase mRNA was detected in goldfish embryos, mainly in epithelial cells; levels were high in ovaries and mature eggs and in all adult tissues tested. Endogenous Tgf2 transposase mRNA is active in mature eggs and can mediate high rates of transposition (>30%) when injected with donor plasmids harboring a Tgf2 cis-element. When donor plasmid was coinjected with capped Tgf2 transposase mRNA, the insertion rate reached >90% at 1 yr. Nonautonomous copies of the Tgf2 transposon with large-fragment deletions and low levels of point mutations were also detected in common goldfish. Phylogenetic analysis indicates the taxonomic distribution of Tgf2 in goldfish is not due to vertical inheritance. We propose that the goldfish Tgf2 transposon originated by recent horizontal transfer and maintains a highly native activity.