gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adjoint methods for PDEs: a posteriori error analysis and postprocessing by duality (2002)

We give an overview of recent developments concerning the use of adjoint methods in two areas: the a posteriori error analysis of finite element methods for the numerical solution of partial differential equations where the quantity of interest is a functional of the solution, and superconvergent extraction of integral functionals by postprocessing.
Cooperative redundant omnidirectional mobile manipulators: Model-free decentralized integral sliding modes and passive velocity fields (2016)

An omnidirectional mobile manipulator (OMM) provides extended capabilities to a robotic system since it enlarges its workspace at the expense of an omnidirectional mobile base, which is nowadays a reality. When various OMM transport an object, the resultant constrained OMM dynamics is quite complex that demands effective control schemes without neglecting dominant nonlinear effects nor interaction forces. In this paper, it is proposed a decentralized cooperative control for a set of k OMMs (k-OMM) subject to homogeneous holonomic constraints imposed by the object being manipulated. A chatterless integral sliding mode force-position control guarantees exponential tracking whose implementation does not require any knowledge of dynamics. This controller is decentralized in a sense that neither dynamics nor interaction forces of the i-OMM are required for the j-controller, and it is cooperative by correcting collectively the velocity deviation due to the pushing of the other j-OMM. Each omnidirectional base provides object mobility along passive smooth velocity fields to avoid obstacles on the floor, which is synthesized as the secondary task when resolving redundancy, and the force control stabilizes internal forces to ensure object grasp, which are declared together with end-effector position, as the primary task. Simulations are discussed for two 8-DoF Kuka youBot OMM system navigating in a cluttered environment.
Comparative pharmacological characterization of D1-like dopamine receptors from Anopheles gambiae, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus suggests pleiotropic signaling in mosquito vector lineages (2016)

In vitro data reveal pleiotropic coupling of AaDOP2 and CqDOP2 to Gαq and Gαs. In contrast, AgDOP2 appeared to selectively couple to Gαq signaling. In vitro antagonist studies revealed general conservation in pharmacology between mosquito DARs. In vivo data suggest potential for DAR antagonist insecticides against An. gambiae. Sequence conservation among the DOP2 receptors from 15 Anopheles species indicates utility of antagonists to control residual malaria transmission. AgDOP2 Gαq-dependent signaling could be exploited for An. gambiae control via pathway specific antagonists.
The Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibitor, des-Fluoro-Anacetrapib, Prevents Vein Bypass-induced Neointimal Hyperplasia in New Zealand White Rabbits (2019)

Coronary artery bypass grafting is among the most commonly performed of all cardiovascular surgical procedures. However, graft failure due to stenosis reduces the long-term benefit of the intervention. This study asks if elevating plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels by inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity with des-fluoro-anacetrapib, an analog of the CETP inhibitor anacetrapib, prevents vein bypass-induced neointimal hyperplasia. NZW rabbits were placed on a normal chow diet or chow containing 0.14% (wt/wt) des-fluoro-anacetrapib for 6 weeks. Bypass grafting of the jugular vein to the common carotid artery was performed 2 weeks after starting dietary des-fluoro-anacetrapib supplementation. The animals were euthanised 4 weeks post-bypass grafting. Relative to control, dietary supplementation with des-fluoro-anacetrapib reduced plasma CETP activity by 89 ± 6.9%, increased plasma apolipoprotein A-I levels by 24 ± 5.5%, increased plasma HDL-C levels by 93 ± 26% and reduced intimal hyperplasia in the grafted vein by 38 ± 6.2%. Des-fluoro-anacetrapib treatment was also associated with decreased bypass grafting-induced endothelial expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), endothelial dysfunction, and smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation in the grafted vein. In conclusion, increasing HDL-C levels by inhibiting CETP activity is associated with inhibition of intimal hyperplasia in grafted veins, reduced inflammatory responses, improved endothelial function, and decreased SMC proliferation.
Ahorro, inversión y necesidad de financiación (2007)

espanolEl objetivo basico de este trabajo es analizar la evolucion del ahorro, la inversion y la necesidad de financiacion de la economia espanola en los ultimos veinte anos y, especialmente, a lo largo del periodo de expansion desde mediados de los noventa. A tal fin, se lleva a cabo un analisis aplicado, referido a Espana y a una muestra de paises, acerca de los factores determinantes del ahorro y la inversion, y de la relacion existente entre ambas variables. Asimismo, se describen las tendencias observadas en los paises occidentales desarrollados como paso previo al examen de la evolucion de las variables consideradas en el caso espanol. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que el comportamiento descrito por el ahorro ha venido explicado por la creciente apelacion al credito, el cambio en la estructura demografica de la poblacion, y la manifestacion de circulos virtuosos ligados a la prosperidad economica. Se constata tambien la existencia de relaciones de causalidad de la inversion respecto al ahorro, mientras que la relacion causal inversa resulta ambigua. EnglishThe basic aim of this article is to examine the trend in saving, investment and the need for financing in the Spanish economy in the last twenty years and, in particular, over the period of expansion from the mid-nineties. For this purpose an applied analysis is carried out in relation to Spain and a sample of countries about the factors determining saving and investment and the relationship between the two variables. The trends observed in the developed Western countries are also described as a prior step to the consideration of the trends in the variables considered in the Spanish case. The results reveal that the trend followed in saving is explained by the growing recourse to credit, the change in the demographic structure of the population, and the appearance of virtuosus circles linked to economic prosperity. Cause and effect relations are also observed between investment and saving, while the inverse causal relationship proves ambiguous.
SU‐E‐CAMPUS‐T‐05: Validation of High‐Resolution 3D Patient QA for Proton Pencil Beam Scanning and IMPT by Polymer Gel Dosimetry (2014)

Purpose: Validation of high‐resolution 3D patient QA for proton pencil beam scanning and IMPT by polymer gel dosimetry. Methods: Four BANG3Pro polymer gel dosimeters (manufactured by MGS Research Inc, Madison, CT) were used for patient QA at the Robert's Proton Therapy Center (RPTC, Philadelphia, PA). All dosimeters were sealed in identical thin‐wall Pyrex glass spheres. Each dosimeter contained a set of markers for 3D registration purposes. The dosimeters were mounted in a consistent and reproducible manner using a custom build holder. Two proton pencil beam scanning plans were designed using Varian Eclipse™ treatment planning system: 1) A two‐field intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) plan and 2) one single field uniform dose (SFUD) plan. The IMPT fields were evaluated as a composite plan and individual fields, the SFUD plan was delivered as a single field plan.Laser CT scanning was performed using the manufacturer's OCTOPUS‐IQ axial transmission laser CT scanner using a 1 mm slice thickness. 3D registration, analysis, and OD/cm to absorbed dose calibrations were perfomed using DICOM RT‐Dose and CT files, and software developed by the manufacturer. 3D delta index, a metric equivalent to the gamma tool, was used for dose comparison. Results: Very good agreement with single IMPT fields and with SFUD was obtained. Composite IMPT fields had a less satisfactory agreement. The single fields had 3D delta index passing rates (3% dose difference, 3 mm DTA) of 98.98% and 94.91%. The composite 3D delta index passing rate was 80.80%. The SFUD passing rate was 93.77%. Required shifts of the dose distributions were less than 4 mm. Conclusion: A formulation of the BANG3Pro polymer gel dosimeter, suitable for 3D QA of proton patient plans is established and validated. Likewise, the mailed QA analysis service provided by the manufacturer is a practical option when required resources are unavailable. We fully disclose that the subject of this research regards a production of MGS Research, Inc.
On some finite dimensional complex representations of mapping class groups and Fox derivation (2019)

We study the finite dimensional complex representations of the mapping class group $\mathcal{M}_{g,1}$ that are derived from some finite Galois coverings of the compact oriented surface with one boundary component $Σ_{g,1}$. The key ingredients are Fox derivation, Magnus modules and the Skolem-Noether theorem, which enable us to compute the $\mathcal{M}_{g,1}$-action on the module $L_g^η$ very explicitly, where $η$ is a primitive $p$the root of unity for an odd prime $p$.
Polypeptide composition of rotavirus empty capsids and their possible use as a subunit vaccine (1990)

Two types of empty capsid particles that differed with respect to the presence of the two outer shell proteins were isolated from MA-104 cells infected with bovine rotavirus V1005. Three previously uncharacterized polypeptides, I, II, and III, migrating between VP2 and VP6, were detected in empty capsids but not in single- and double-shelled rotavirus particles. Peptide mapping revealed that all three proteins were related to VP2. Polypeptides I, II, and III could be generated by in vitro trypsin digestion of empty capsids not exposed to trypsin in the infection medium. Labeled polypeptides appeared in empty capsids before they were detected in intracellular single- or double-shelled rotavirus particles. Empty capsids were also observed in MA-104 cells infected with bovine rotaviruses UK and NCDV, simian rotavirus SA11, and human rotavirus KU. VP7-containing empty capsid is the minimal subunit vaccine for cows; we failed to induce a substantial neutralizing antibody increase with VP7 purified under denaturating or nondenaturating conditions or with synthetic peptides corresponding to two regions of VP7.
Factors Affecting the Improvement of the Initial Peak Urinary Flow Rate after Transurethral Resection of the Prostate or Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate for Treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (2011)

The non-invasive factors affecting the initial Qmax after TURP or PVP were the IPSS-storage symptom score, the prostate volume and a past history of AUR. Accordingly, in patients who have a higher IPSS-storage symptom score, a smaller prostate volume and a history of AUR, there might be a detrimental effect on the initial Qmax after TURP or PVP. These factors might also be used as long-term prognostic factors.
Storability of Farmers Stock Peanuts at Two Moisture Levels in Mechanically and Naturally Ventilated Miniature Warehouses (1989)

Abstract Farmers stock peanuts from the same field dried to either 8 or 10% seed moisture content were stored for 6 months (October through March) in mechanically and naturally ventilated miniature metal warehouses. The initial temperatures for the 8% moisture content peanuts were 2–3 C higher than those for the 10% moisture content peanuts. This differential was maintained until early February. Relative humidities, 10 percentage points higher in the 10% initial moisture content peanuts began to equilibrate in December and were similar by late January. Final moisture content of the peanuts from the two mechanically ventilated warehouses was about 7% compared to 7.5% in the two naturally ventilated warehouses. Only small changes in total carbonyls and free fatty acids occurred during storage in the warehouses and sensory evaluation after storage indicated no significant differences among treatments within the medium and No. 1 sizes. No aflatoxin was detected in any seed size category before or after storage. Results indicated that quality of farmers stock peanuts, initial moisture content at 10% or less, can be maintained when stored in a properly constructed and operated mechanically or naturally ventilated warehouse.
Ethnicity and Neuro-AIDS Conditions in the HAART Era (2014)

The nature of neurocognitve impairment associated with HIV has changed, after the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), to more subtle forms, requiring the establishment of new definitional criteria. Recently, the neurological spectrum of HIV-1 infection has been divided into the eras before and after HAART. Antiretroviral (ARV) therapy has had a direct impact on patient survival and the clinical manifestations of neurological complications. In the pre-HAART era, the most common neurological complications were HIV encephalitis, cytomegalovirus infection, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcus infection, and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. The role of host factors in HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD) has been illustrated by finding genetic mutations associated with the disease. The presence of neurocognitive impairment in HIV-1-infected individuals, which varies from subtle, mild deficits (e.g., asymptomatic with subclinical neuropsychological deficits) to minor cognitive-motor disorder (MCMD) to HAD, is one of the common neurological, neuropsychological, and neuropsychiatric complications of HIV-1 infection. There is limited literature regarding neuro-AIDS complications in ethnic groups and special populations. Assessing for neurocognitive performance in ethnic groups is critical to establish population-specific normative standards and culturally valid tests. Ethnic, gender, education or literacy, genetic, and age factors may contribute to different manifestations of HIV-1 cognitive impairment; consequently, they should be considered in research design. It is possible that the different scales used for HIV-1 cognitive function (Memorial Sloan Kettering, HDS, and AAN criteria) may fail to correctly identify cognitive impairment in different ethnic groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Endo 1,3‐Dimethyl‐2,9‐dioxabicyclo(3.3.1)nonane. (1988)

Abstract The dioxabicyclononane (IX) is prepared from 2‐methyltetrahydropyrane2 ‐ ‐carboxylic acid (I) via Rh(II)‐initiated cyclization of the diazo ketone (III), Baeyer‐Villiger oxidation of the bicyclic ketone (IV) and olefination of (V) with Tebbe's reagent (VI).
Probability density of irradiance fluctuations observed over terrestrial ranges (2011)

The irradiance fluctuations imposed on a laser beam that has propagated over horizontal terrestrial paths in the range of 2 to 24 km are compared to lognormal (LN) and gamma-gamma (GG) distributions. For the direct links reported here the irradiance fluctuations follow a LN distribution except in cases of weak turbulence, characterized by a scintillation index of less than 1 and a Fried parameter larger than the receiver aperture, in which case the GG distribution gives an improved fit. In very weak turbulence the difference between the two distributions is insignificant.
Microsystem technology for microwave applications at frequencies above 100 GHz (2016)

The rapid development of wireless technology today shows an increasing need forelectromagnetic components operating at even higher frequencies. Higher frequencies offer wider bandwidth, higher spatial resolution and are needed for technologies such as automotive car radars, wireless media communication and body scanners.The biggest issues with developing high frequency components are the small dimensions needed. With the small dimensions, issues with connectivity and resolution of the structures have become difficult to handle at frequencies above 100 GHz. The most common fabrication method used is micro-milling in brass, however this is limited in its resolution and micro-milling is not a mass production method, thus making it expensive.This thesis aims to realize electromagnetic components at high frequencies, more specific above 100 GHz, with the help of microsystem technology. The thesis covers a background and history of the field, a discussion of the technologies used, and presents the fabricated devices, made with microsystem technology.In this thesis, gap waveguides ranging from 100-325 GHz, gap adapters, and transitions fabricated with microsystem technology have been explored. Three different materials: silicon, SU8, and carbon nanotubes, have been tested as base materials together with a gold surface, for a gap waveguide component. The silicon-based structure performed overall the best, while the SU8 process was less costly, the carbon nanotube based structure was determined to be the lossiest of these realizations. The knowledge obtained from these fundamental structures were used to fabricate and measure a ridge gap antenna prototype. A gap adapter was used to connect to the antenna, to reduce leakage without using damaging screws. The antenna, was fabricated in silicon for 100 GHz. A new transition, based on the knowledge of previous transitions was used to connect the waveguide flange to the feed of the antenna. The ridge gap antenna has a 15.5% bandwidth and a gain of 10.3 dBi matching perfectly the simulated design.The presented work in this thesis shows how microsystem technology can realize mass producible microwave components operating above 100 GHz.
Advanced Magnetic-Nuclear Power Systems for Reliability Demanding Applications Including Deep Space Missions (2010)

Advanced Magnetic-Nuclear Power Systems for Reliability Demanding Applications Including Deep Space Missions
A Markov-Random-Field-based approach to modeling and prediction of atmospheric turbulence (2008)

Nowadays, the adaptive optics (AO) system is of fundamental importance to improve the real resolution of ground-based telescopes. In practical applications the telescope resolution is limited by the atmospheric turbulence. The aim of the AO system is that of estimating the atmospheric turbulence and computing a suitable input for a set of deformable mirrors to reduce the turbulence effect. A commonly accepted assumption is that of considering the turbulence as formed by a discrete set of layers moving over the telescope lens. In this paper, we first propose a method for estimating the number of layers and their characteristics. Then, we exploit the information on the turbulence layers to construct a linear predictor of the turbulent phase. Performance of the proposed method is shown by means of simulations.
Utility-driven data acquisition in participatory sensing (2013)

Participatory sensing (PS) is becoming a popular data acquisition means for interesting emerging applications. However, as data queries from these applications increase, the sustainability of this platform for multiple concurrent applications is at stake. In this paper, we consider the problem of efficient data acquisition in PS when queries of different types come from different applications. We effectively deal with the issues related to resource constraints, user privacy, data reliability, and uncontrolled mobility. We formulate the problem as multi-query optimization and propose efficient heuristics for its effective solution for the various query types and mixes that enable sustainable sensing. Based on simulations with real and artificial data traces, we found that our heuristic algorithms outperform baseline approaches in a multitude of settings considered.
Distributed Top-N local outlier detection in big data (2017)

The concept of Top-N local outlier that focuses on the detection of the N points with the largest Local Outlier Factor (LOF) score has been shown to be very effective for identifying outliers in big datasets. However, detecting Top-N local outliers is computationally expensive, since the computation of LOF scores for all data points requires a huge number of high complexity k-nearest neighbor (kNN) searches. In this work, we thus present the first distributed solution to tackle this problem of Top-N local outlier detection (DTOLF). First, DTOLF features an innovative safe elimination strategy that efficiently identifies dually-safe points, namely those that are guaranteed to (1) not be classified as Top-N outliers and (2) not be needed as neighbors of points residing on other machines. Therefore, it effectively minimizes both the processing and communication costs of the Top-N outlier detection process. Further, based on the well-accepted observation that strong correlations among attributes are prevalent in real world datasets, we propose correlation-aware optimization strategies that ensure the effectiveness of grid-based partitioning and of the safe elimination strategy in multi-dimensional datasets. Our extensive experimental evaluation on OpenStreetMap, SDSS, and TIGER datasets demonstrates the effectiveness of DTOLF - up to 10 times faster than the alternative methods and scaling to terabyte level datasets.
Possible Systematic Rotation in the Mature Stellar Population of a z = 9.1 Galaxy (2022)

Abstract We present new observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array for a gravitationally lensed galaxy at z = 9.1, MACS1149-JD1. [O iii ] 88 μ m emission is detected at 10 σ with a spatial resolution of ∼0.3 kpc in the source plane, enabling the most distant morphokinematic study of a galaxy. The [O iii ] emission is distributed smoothly without any resolved clumps and shows a clear velocity gradient with Δ V obs /2 σ tot = 0.84 ± 0.23, where Δ V obs is the observed maximum velocity difference and σ tot is the velocity dispersion measured in the spatially integrated line profile, suggesting a rotating system. Assuming a geometrically thin self-gravitating rotation disk model, we obtain <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>V</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>rot</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="true">/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>σ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>V</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0.67</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.26</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.73</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> , where V rot and σ V are the rotation velocity and velocity dispersion, respectively, still consistent with rotation. The resulting disk mass of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0.65</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.40</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1.37</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>9</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> M ⊙ is consistent with being associated with the stellar mass identified with a 300 Myr old stellar population independently indicated by a Balmer break in the spectral energy distribution. We conclude that the most of the dynamical mass is associated with the previously identified mature stellar population that formed at z ∼ 15.