gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Quinidine and Quinine on Nitrogen and Electrolyte Balance (Protein Anabolic Effect) and on Glucose Utilization (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Engraftment of human central memory-derived effector CD8+ T cells in immunodeficient mice (2010)

In clinical trials of adoptive T-cell therapy, the persistence of transferred cells correlates with therapeutic efficacy. However, properties of human T cells that enable their persistence in vivo are poorly understood, and model systems that enable investigation of the fate of human effector T cells (T(E)) have not been described. Here, we analyzed the engraftment of adoptively transferred human cytomegalovirus pp65-specific CD8(+) T(E) cells derived from purified CD45RO(+)CD62L(+) central memory (T(CM)) or CD45RO(+)CD62L(-) effector memory (T(EM)) precursors in an immunodeficient mouse model. The engraftment of T(CM)-derived effector cells (T(CM/E)) was dependent on human interleukin-15, and superior in magnitude and duration to T(EM)-derived effector cells (T(EM/E)). T-cell receptor Vβ analysis of persisting cells demonstrated that CD8(+) T(CM/E) engraftment was polyclonal, suggesting that the ability to engraft is a general feature of T(CM/E.) CD8(+) T(EM/E) proliferated extensively after transfer but underwent rapid apoptosis. In contrast, T(CM/E) were less prone to apoptosis and established a persistent reservoir of functional T cells in vivo characterized by higher CD28 expression. These studies predict that human CD8(+) effector T cells derived from T(CM) precursors may be preferred for adoptive therapy based on superior engraftment fitness.
Motion deblurring for optical character recognition (2005)

This paper investigates the problem of blurring caused by motion during image capture of text documents. Motion blurring prevents proper optical character recognition of the document text contents. One area of such applications is to deblur name card images obtained from handheld cameras. In this paper, a complete motion deblurring procedure for document images has been proposed. The method handles both uniform linear motion blur and uniform acceleration motion blur. Experiments on synthetic and real-life blurred images prove the feasibility and reliability of this algorithm provided that the motion is not too irregular. The restoration procedure consumes only small amount of computation time.
Using Context-Aware Wireless Technologies to Support Teaching and Learning in Built Environment (2010)

This paper discusses how recent developments in context-awareness and wireless computing can be used to support teaching and learning in built environment. It starts with a brief overview of context-aware computing and presents a system architecture that facilitates context capture, context integration, and delivery of context-relevant teaching and learning material through integration with virtual learning environments. This is followed by discussion of a prototype that uses Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) network, to capture the student and faculty context (i.e., User Identity through the Internet Protocol (IP) address of the mobile device, user location through real time tracking within WLAN network). Captured context was used as a filtering mechanism to query the virtual learning environment to determine relevant data for a particular context. Links to relevant teaching and material appears as icons on the student's mobile device. Clicking on a particular icon results in a real-time data download from the server. The deployment process and findings of the study are summarised and key benefits highlighted. Conclusions are drawn about the possible future impact of context-aware applications in built environment education.
Increasing the Efficiency and Utility of Bifunctional Alkene Isomerization Catalysts (2018)

While classical alkene transformations have been known since the 1800s, the last 10-20 years have seen a renewed interest in providing transition metal catalysts to expand the diversity of alkene reaction partners. One important goal is selective isomerization of alkenes, to produce unique isomeric compounds that expand the scope of other synthetic transformations. In the past 11 years, the Grotjahn group has been at the forefront of the development of highly (E)-selective alkene isomerization catalysts; one that began with the discovery of the efficient catalyst 1.1 and continued with the development of more positionally selective catalyst 1.2 (&amp; 1.2a). Catalyst 1.1 is currently sold commercially by Strem Chemicals, and has been used in a number of tandem and sequential processes to produce high-value compounds. This dissertation details applications and modifications of existing Grotjahn catalysts (cyclopentadienyl)[2-(di-i-propylphosphino)-4-(t-butyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole]acetonitrile ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate (1.1) and (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)[2-(di-i-propylphosphino)-4-(t-butyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole]acetonitrile ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate (1.2), along with its bisacetonitrile analogue 1.2a. The major goal that drives the direction of the dissertation include increasing the efficiency of 1.2 + 1.2a by developing a new version of the catalyst (discussed in chapters 3 and 4) that allows for dramatically increased reaction rates, and observation of the interactions of alkenes with this catalyst to understand more about the origins of selectivity and efficiency of this new catalyst. Other goals include determining the degree of the difference in selectivity between the new catalyst and existing Grotjahn catalysts, and increasing the scope of use of existing catalyst 1.1.
When Recommendation Goes Wrong (2016)

We present a secondary ranking system to find and remove erroneous suggestions from a geospatial recommendation system. We discover such anomalous links by "double checking" the recommendation system's output to ensure that it is both structurally cohesive, and semantically consistent.
Temperature desensitization of a fiber-optic pressure sensor by simultaneous measurement of pressure and temperature (1998)

A fiber-optic hydrostatic pressure sensor initially temperature compensated by optical means is further desensitized below the limits associated with second-order effects by the method proposed in this paper. We achieved this goal by using an integrated system of two coherence-multiplexed separate sensor components for simultaneous measurement of hydrostatic pressure and temperature and by on-line numerical processing of measurement data delivered simultaneously from both sensor parts. The system is based on highly birefringent fibers, employs electronic scanning, and can be used for quasi-static measurements.
Special Issue on Emerging Topics in Transportation Science and Logistics (2023)

In January 2021, Transportation Science launched a new topical area editorial structure, with the four areas of logistics and routing; modes and industries; traffic, demand, and network analysis; and emerging and cross-functional topics. With this new structure, two special issues were conceived to highlight exciting research in these areas, past and future: One focused on a look back at impactful research in the journal and one focused on emerging research directions. A virtual special issue, published in 2021, featured papers from past Transportation Science issues to showcase the quality and breadth of research in the four topical areas, chosen by the area editors. This special issue highlights emerging topics that we believe will shape the future of research in transportation science and logistics. We received an impressive number of submissions, representing an extensive range of emerging topics. The review of papers for this special issue heavily weighed the innovation, novelty, and societal importance of the work presented. We are excited to present these 12 papers across the four topical areas of the journal.
Diffusion of water in palm leaf materials (2021)

Diffusion of water into plant materials is known to decrease their mechanical strength and stiffness but improve formability. Here, we characterize water diffusion through areca palm leaf-sheath-a model plant material, with hierarchical structure, used in eco-friendly foodware. The diffusion process is studied using mass gain measurements and <i>in situ</i> imaging of water transport. By treating the areca sheath as homogeneous ensemble, and incorporating effects of material swelling due- to water absorption, a factor typically neglected in prior studies, the diffusion coefficient <i>D<sub>w</sub></i> for water is estimated as (6.5 ± 2.2) × 10<sup>-4</sup> mm<sup>2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>. It is shown that neglecting the swelling results in gross underestimation of <i>D<sub>w</sub></i>. Microstructural effects (e.g. fibre, matrix) on the diffusion are characterized using <i>in situ</i> imaging of the water transport at high resolution. The observations show that the water diffuses an order of magnitude faster in the matrix (8.63 × 10<sup>-4</sup> mm<sup>2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>) than in the fibres (7.19 × 10<sup>-5</sup> mm<sup>2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>). This non-uniformity is also reflected in the swelling-induced strain in the leaf, mapped by image correlation. Lastly, we vary salt concentration by controlled additions of NaCl and note a non-monotonic dependence of the diffusion on concentration. Implications of the results for improving foodware manufacturing processes and product life are discussed.
Autosomal dominant sensory/motor neuropathy with Ataxia (SMNA): Linkage to chromosome 7q22‐q32 (2002)

The autosomal dominant (AD) spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) and hereditary sensory neuropathies (HSN) are heterogeneous disorders characterized by variable clinical, electrophysiological, and neuropathological profiles. The SCAs are clinically characterized by slowly progressive incoordination of gait often associated with poor coordination of hands, speech, and eyes. Peripheral neuropathy is not a frequent part of the SCA syndrome. In contrast, the HSNs are primarily characterized by progressive sensory loss. There is substantial clinical overlap between the various SCAs and the various HSNs, and they often cannot be differentiated on the basis of clinical or neuro-imaging studies. We have identified a five-generation American family of Irish ancestry with a unique neurological disorder displaying an AD pattern of inheritance. There was variable expressivity and severity of symptoms including sensory loss, ataxia, pyramidal tract signs, and muscle weakness. Nerve conduction studies were consistent with a sensory axonal neuropathy. Muscle biopsy revealed neurogenic atrophy and brain MRI showed mild cerebellar atrophy. To identify the responsible locus we pursued a whole genome linkage analysis. After analyzing 114 markers, linkage to D7S486 was detected with a two point LOD score of 4.79 at theta = 0.00. Evaluation of additional markers in the region provided a maximum LOD score of 6.36 at theta = 0.00 for marker D7S2554. Haplotype analysis delimited an approximately 14-cM region at 7q22-q32 between markers D7S2418 and D7S1804 cosegregating with the disease. Because this disorder does not easily fall into either the SCA or HSN categories, it is designated sensory/motor neuropathy with ataxia (SMNA).
Structure and Orientation of Puroindolines into Wheat Galactolipid Monolayers (2008)

Puroindolines (PINs), basic and cysteine-rich proteins of wheat endosperm, are composed of two proteins, puroindoline-a (PIN-a) and puroindoline-b (PIN-b). Using a monolayer assay at the air/liquid interface, both PIN-a and PIN-b were studied in pure components and mixed with wheat galactolipids, 1,2-di-O-acyl-3-O-(beta-d-galactopyranosyl)- sn-glycerol (MGDG) and 2-di-O-acyl-3-O-(beta-d-galactopyranosyl-1,6-beta-d-galactopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol (DGDG). Following the adsorption of PINs at the air/liquid interface thanks to surface pressure increases, we concluded that PIN-a displays a more amphipathic character than PIN-b. Compression isotherms combined with ellipsometric measurements showed that the area per molecule is smaller and the protein film is more condensed for PIN-a than for PIN-b. According to the polarization modulation-infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy data, both proteins display a highly alpha-helical structure and the alpha-helices are oriented rather parallel to the interface. By measuring the overpressure due to PIN adsorption into MGDG and DGDG monolayers, we observed that PIN-a interacts more strongly into lipid films than PIN-b. The observation by atomic force microscopy of mixed protein/lipid films showed that the nature of the lipid plays a significant role in the organization of PINs, particularly for PIN-a. The presence of galactolipids at the interface stabilizes the alpha-helical structure of PINs, but significant changes were observed concerning the orientation of the alpha-helices. They adopt a perfect parallel orientation to the interface in the MGDG monolayer, whereas the bundle of alpha-helices orients normal to the interface in the DGDG film.
The quest for selenocycles: From an ESR spectrum to a commercial product (2022)

Selenium compounds have a checkered history. Originally considered to be highly toxic, the tide turned in the 20th century when selenium was discovered to be an essential trace element; indeed, selenium is the least abundant element on Earth to have a well-defined biological role. Despite this new-found importance, organoselenium compounds were largely curiosities because methods for their synthesis were cumbersome and unpleasant and often involved toxic reagents and/or hazardous procedures. This paper describes how work carried out in collaboration with Alwyn Davies in the late 1980s, aimed at acquiring Electron Spin Responance (ESR) spectra of selenophene radical anions and cations, led to the development of free-radical methods for the synthesis of numerous selenium-containing heterocycles, many of which showed interesting and useful biological properties. This journey ends with the development of selenium-containing carbohydrates (selenosugars) that exhibit unique skin-repair properties and the establishment of Seleno Therapeutics as a vehicle for the commercialization of these selenosugars.
MMSE Detection of Cdma Signals: Analysis for Random Signature Sequences (2005)

The performance of a finite complexity Minimum Mean Squared Error (MMSE) ear detector for demodulating Direct Sequence Spread-Spectrum (DS/SS) Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signals is studied. The MMSE detector is near-far resistant, and can be implemented adaptively when no explicit knowledge of the interferers' signature sequences is available. We assume that users are assigned random binary signature sequences and derive upper and lower bounds on the average near far resistance of the MMSE detector. For synchronous CDMA, the MMSE detector considered has the same near-far resistance as the maximum likelihood and decorrelating detectors, so that the bounds derived apply to these detectors as well. Approximate expressions for average error probability and signal-to-interference ratio are also presented, and are compared with the analogous results for the matched filter receiver with random signature sequences.
Experimental Investigation of Reflection Characteristics of a High-Impedance Surface by 2D Balanced CRLH Metamaterials without a Forbidden Frequency Band (2007)

In this paper, reflection characteristics of a high- impedance surface composed of 2D balanced CRLH metamaterials without a forbidden frequency band are studied experimentally. Even without a bandgap, in-phase reflection phenomena are observed near the balanced Gamma-point frequency as opposed to a conventional high-impedance surface with a bandgap. In addition, multiple in-phase reflections are also observed for oblique incidence cases by bistatic radar cross section measurements.
Long-Term Aminobisphosphonate Treatment of Fibrous Dysplasia: Spectacular Increase in Bone Density (1997)

The McCune-Albright syndrome is characterized by sexual precocity, large and rough-bordered café-au-lait spots, and polyostotic fibrous dysplasia due to the mosaic distribution of an activating mutation of the Gsα gene in endocrine and nonendocrine tissues.1, 2 In bone, this mutation causes overactive cAMP generation and proliferation of osteoblast progenitors in the bone marrow stroma leading to increased IL-6 synthesis, high levels of c-fos expression, and increased numbers of osteoclasts.3, 4 At the advancing margins of the bone lesions, these abnormally stimulated osteoclasts cause expansion of the bony lesions, pain, and pathologic al fractures.5 In July of 1995, a 22-year-old white woman presented with the McCune-Albright syndrome and severe pain in her left hip that required her to use crutches. DEXA of the hip (A) and plain films (B) showed an expanding lesion with a thin cortex and a profound decrease in bone mineral density (BMD). She was treated with four 90 mg infusions of intravenous pamidronate given at three to four week intervals from July to September 1995 and a calcium supplement. Relief of pain and increased BMD (A) were accompanied by decreased urinary excretion of the N-telopeptide of type I collagen of bone. In December 1995, pain still interfered with ambulation and the N-telopeptide excretion had increased, prompting the use of oral alendronate therapy. With 10 mg/day, the N-telopeptide excretion decreased, and by September 1996, BMD continued to increase. By February 1997, the patient was pain free; internal and external rotation, flexion, and extension of the left hip were normal, as was her unaided gait. In May 1997, total proximal femoral BMD had increased 158% and the lesion showed marked cortical thickening and refilling from the margins (A). Early fractures and deformities typical of the McCune-Albright syndrome need not occur since this previously medically untreatable bone disease is now amenable to aminobisphosphonate therapy.6 X-ray of the hip shows the ground-glass appearance of the destructive lesion. Note how well the image was captured by the DEXA study in A. X-ray of the hip shows the ground-glass appearance of the destructive lesion. Note how well the image was captured by the DEXA study in A.
The Challenges of High Altitude Gas Turbine Engine Cycles (2010)

High altitude flight, approaching 65,000 ft and above, is becoming increasingly important for various types of aircraft missions. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), either for military reconnaissance or commercial/scientific study, are leading the way. For the military commander, high altitude, long endurance (HALE) flight for UAVs provides a good field of view for a long period of time and provides reasonable safety of flight. The upper atmosphere also provides the possibility for uncrowded, direct commercial flights. In addition, supersonic business jets are looking for a flight regime that also could be in the upper atmosphere. Typically, commercial, off-the-shelf engines are adapted for use in high altitude aircraft. While this has provided some success, the engine performance is marginal and the cycles are not optimized for this high altitude environment. Aircraft such as the Predator C and the Global Hawk are already operating in the high altitude environment with turbofan engines. More study is needed to determine what engine cycle is best suited to high altitudes. The smaller engines currently used in HALE UAVs carry a unique set of challenges which constrain the problem of high altitude propulsion hardware choices. Turbine engines have the most promise, especially turbofans, because of the higher speeds that are possible for the aircraft. Preliminary turbofan cycle analysis indicates that higher bypass-ratios and high compressor pressure ratios will be needed requiring more power output from the turbine however, high altitude limits how large these values can and should be. High altitude flight drives the cycle to be designed and sized at the high cruise altitude resulting in considerable impact on the off-design engine performance. Small gas turbine engine technology predictions show that fan pressure ratios of 1.76, compressor pressure ratios of 16.6, bypass ratios of 4.54, and a thrust specific fuel consumption of 0.393 /hr are possible in the near future (sea level reference). The cycle studied found a fan pressure ratio of 1.57, compressor pressure ratio of 16.7, bypass ratio of 5.45, and a thrust specific fuel consumption of 0.436 /hr (sea level reference) to be typical for a small gas turbine engine designed to fly at 65,000 ft. High altitude flight also brings other issues. Environmental impact must be considered in any high altitude application. High altitude reconnaissance aircraft often carry an increased sensor array adding more electric power requirements to the cycle. Long endurance means the engine cycle must be extremely fuel efficient. If stealth considerations are to be incorporated in the aircraft design, then the engine must be embedded in the fuselage limiting engine cross-section. Last, engine operational control will be a key technology for high altitude, low Reynolds number conditions.