gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photoreflectance studies of lattice-matched and strained InGaAs/InAlAs single quantum wells (1993)

Lattice-matched and strained InxGa1−xAs/In0.52Al0.48As single quantum wells with x=0.53 and x=0.60 have been studied by the optical modulation technique of photoreflectance (PR) at room temperature. The measurements have allowed the observation of interband transitions from the heavy- and light-hole valence subbands to the conduction subbands. The PR data have been adjusted with a least-squares fit to the first-derivative functional form. The energetic positions of the optical transitions deduced from the fit have been compared with theoretical values obtained by an envelope function model calculation including strain effects. The best adjustment allowed the determination of the conduction-band offset parameter Qc which is found equal to 0.71±0.07 for the lattice-matched and strained compositions.
The NanDeSyn database for Nannochloropsis systems and synthetic biology (2020)

Nannochloropsis species, unicellular industrial oleaginous microalgae, are model organisms for microalgal systems and synthetic biology. To facilitate community-based annotation and mining of the rapidly accumulating functional genomics resources, we have initiated an international consortium and present a comprehensive multi-omics resource database named Nannochloropsis Design and Synthesis (NanDeSyn; http://nandesyn.single-cell.cn). Via the Tripal toolkit, it features user-friendly interfaces hosting genomic resources with gene annotations and transcriptomic and proteomic data for six Nannochloropsis species, including two updated genomes of Nannochloropsis oceanica IMET1 and Nannochloropsis salina CCMP1776. Toolboxes for search, Blast, synteny view, enrichment analysis, metabolic pathway analysis, a genome browser, etc. are also included. In addition, functional validation of genes is indicated based on phenotypes of mutants and relevant bibliography. Furthermore, epigenomic resources are also incorporated, especially for sequencing of small RNAs including microRNAs and circular RNAs. Such comprehensive and integrated landscapes of Nannochloropsis genomics and epigenomics will promote and accelerate community efforts in systems and synthetic biology of these industrially important microalgae.
Scalable Unified Dual-Radix Architecture for Montgomery Multiplication in GF (P ) (2008)

Modular multiplication is the most dominant arith- metic operation in elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), which is a type of public-key cryptography. Montgomery multiplication is commonly used as a technique for the modular multiplication and required scalability since the bit length of operands varies depend- ing on the security levels. Also, ECC is performed in GF (P ) or GF (2 n ), and unified architectures for GF (P ) and GF (2 n ) multi- plier are needed. However, in previous works, changing frequency or dual-radix architecture is necessary to deal with delay-time dif- ference between GF (P ) and GF (2 n ) circuits of the multiplier be- cause the critical path of GF (P ) circuit is longer. This paper pro- poses a scalable unified dual-radix architecture for Montgomery multiplication in GF (P ) and GF (2 n ). The proposed architecture unifies 4 parallel radix-2 16 multipliers in GF (P ) and a radix-2 64 multiplier in GF (2 n ) into a single unit. Applying lower radix to GF (P ) multiplier shortens its critical path and makes it possible to compute the operands in the two fields using the same multi- plier at the same frequency so that clock dividers to deal with the delay-time difference are not required. Moreover, parallel archi- tecture in GF (P ) reduces the clock cycles increased by dual-radix approach. Consequently, the proposed architecture achieves to compute GF (P ) 256-bit Montgomery multiplication in 0.23μs.
Follow-up of phase I trial of adalimumab and rosiglitazone in FSGS: III. Report of the FONT study group (2019)

Abstract Background Patients with resistant primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are at high risk of progression to chronic kidney disease stage V. Antifibrotic agents may slow or halt this process. We present outcomes of follow-up after a Phase I trial of adalimumab and rosiglitazone, antifibrotic drugs tested in the Novel Therapies in Resistant FSGS (FONT) study. Methods 21 patients -- 12 males and 9 females, age 16.0 ± 7.5 yr, and estimated GFR (GFRe) 121 ± 56 mL/min/1.73 m2 -- received adalimumab (n = 10), 24 mg/m2 every 14 days or rosiglitazone (n = 11), 3 mg/m2 per day for 16 weeks. The change in GFRe per month prior to entry and after completion of the Phase I trial was compared. Results 19 patients completed the 16-week FONT treatment phase. The observation period pre-FONT was 18.3 ± 10.2 months and 16.1 ± 5.7 months after the study. A similar percentage of patients, 71% and 56%, in the rosiglitazone and adalimumab cohorts, respectively, had stabilization in GFRe, defined as a reduced negative slope of the line plotting GFRe versus time without requiring renal replacement therapy after completion of the FONT treatment period (P = 0.63). Conclusion Nearly 50% of patients with resistant FSGS who receive novel antifibrotic agents may have a legacy effect with delayed deterioration in kidney function after completion of therapy. Based on this proof-of-concept preliminary study, we recommend long-term follow-up of patients enrolled in clinical trials to ascertain a more comprehensive assessment of the efficacy of experimental treatments.
Th e Role of Protein Phosphorylation in the Gustatory Cortex and Amygdala During Taste Learning (2012)

Protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation form a major post-translation mechanism that enables a given cell to respond to ever-changing internal and external environments. Neurons, similarly to any other cells, use protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation to maintain an internal homeostasis, but they also use it for updating the state of synaptic and intrinsic properties, following activation by neurotransmitters and growth factors. In the present review we focus on the roles of several families of kinases, phosphatases, and other synaptic-plasticity-related proteins, which activate membrane receptors and various intracellular signals to promote transcription, translation and protein degradation, and to regulate the appropriate cellular proteomes required for taste memory acquisition, consolidation and maintenance. Attention is especially focused on the protein phosphorylation state in two forebrain areas that are necessary for taste-memory learning and retrieval: the insular cortex and the amygdala. The various temporal phases of taste learning require the activation of appropriate waves of biochemical signals. These include: extracellular signal regulated kinase I and II (ERKI/II) signal transduction pathways; Ca(2+)-dependent pathways; tyrosine kinase/phosphatase-dependent pathways; brain-derived neurotrophicfactor (BDNF)-dependent pathways; cAMP-responsive element bindingprotein (CREB); and translation-regulation factors, such as initiation and elongation factors, and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Interestingly, coding of hedonic and aversive taste information in the forebrain requires activation of different signal transduction pathways.
Lymphoid Leukosis: Interrelations among Virus Infections in Hens, Eggs, Embryos, and Chicks (1977)

Hens from a commercial source were selected because they were infected with lymphoid leukosis virus (LLV). LLV was detected in vaginal swabs from 17 viremic hens and from 27 of 44 hens that were not viremic. All hens that were positive on the vaginal swab test (VST) produced one or more eggs with virus in albumen or in embryos, whereas in comparable tests, virus was detected only in eggs from 5 of 17 hens that were negative on VST. Congenital transmission of LLV was erratic and neither the VST nor tests for virus in egg albumen prior to incubating eggs identified all hens that transmitted infection. For example, 14 hens negative on VST produced 50 eggs negative for virus in albumen and yet one of the embryos from these eggs was infected. Eggs from other hens had infectious virus in albumen and about half of the embryos from these were infected. Tests for virus in cloacal swabs from one-day-old chicks were as sensitive as tests on embryos for detecting congenital transmission. Titers of LLV in the meconium of congenitally infected chicks were as high as 10(7) infectious units per ml. The cloacal swab test should be a valuable adjunct to the VST and tests on egg albumen in programs designed to eradicate lymphoid leukosis from chickens.
The Hazard of Exposure to Impulse Noise as a Function of Frequency. Volume 1 (1991)

Abstract : The energy spectrum of a noise is known to be an important variable in determining the effects of a traumatic exposure. However, existing criteria for exposure to impulse noise do not consider the frequency spectrum of an impulse as a variable in the evaluation of the hazards to the auditory system. This report presents the results of a study that was designed to determine the relative potential that impulsive energy concentrated at different frequencies has in causing auditory systems trauma. One hundred and eighteen (118) chinchilla, divided into 20 groups with 5 to 7 animals per group, were used in these experiments. Pre- and post-exposure hearing thresholds were measured at 10 test frequencies between 0.125 and 8 kHz on each animal using avoidance conditioning procedures. Quantitative histology (cochleograms) was used to determine the extent and pattern of the sensory cell damage. The noise exposure stimuli consisted of six different computer-generated narrow band tone bursts having center frequencies located at 0.260, 0.775, 1.025, 1.350, 2.450, and 3. 550 kHz. Each narrow band exposure stimulus was presented at two to four different intensities. An analysis of the audiometric and histological data allowed a frequency weighting function to be derived. The weighting function clearly demonstrates that equivalent amounts of impulsive energy concentrated at different frequencies is not equally hazardous to auditory function. Comparison of this weighting function with the A-weighting function showed that A-weighting overestimates the hazard from low frequency impulsed. This volume contains individual threshold shifts and sensory cell loss data.
RLNC-Aided Cooperative Compressed Sensing for Energy Efficient Vital Signal Telemonitoring (2015)

Wireless body area networks (WBANs) are composed of sensors that either monitor and transmit vital signals or act as relays that forward the received data to a body node coordinator (BNC). In this paper, we introduce an energy efficient vital signal telemonitoring scheme, which exploits compressed sensing (CS) for low-complexity signal compression/reconstruction and distributed cooperation for reliable data transmission to the BNC. More specifically, we introduce a cooperative compressed sensing (CCS) approach, which increases the energy efficiency of WBANs by exploiting the benefits of random linear network coding (RLNC). We study the energy efficiency of RLNC and compare it with the store-and-forward (FW) protocol. Our mathematical analysis shows that the gain introduced by RLNC increases as the link failure rate increases, especially in practical scenarios with a limited number of relays. Furthermore, we propose a reconstruction algorithm that further enhances the benefits of RLNC by exploiting key characteristics of vital signals. With the aid of electrocardiographic (ECG) and electroencephalographic (EEG) data available in medical databases, extensive simulation results are illustrated, which validate our theoretical findings and show that the proposed recovery algorithm increases the energy efficiency of the body sensor nodes by 40% compared to conventional CS-based reconstruction methods.
Location and shelf mapping from OPAC search results: with reference to Wichita State University (2008)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine dynamic mapping of holding locations to the animated maps in a library catalog which aims to resolve complex shelving situations, augment the user experience in locating library materials and enrich the Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC) by integrating external programming into the Integrated Library System (ILS). Design/methodology/approach Dynamic mapping displays animated direction maps for users to locate quickly the items found in the library catalog. The maps are displayed in accordance with various shelving policies. At Wichita State University Libraries, the original bibliographic data are captured from the record results page in the OPAC and transferred to a processing program residing on another server. Instead of transferring ISBN/ISSN (International Standard Book Number/ International Standard Serial Number, as practiced by some libraries) to display the Syndetic cover images, it transfers bibliographic ID and a few other fields from MARC (MAchine‐Readable Cataloging) records to a processing program which queries the ILS database for extracting data needed for the dynamic map processing. The dynamic map system consists of three sections: queried data from the ILS database, programming logic, and dynamic maps. Findings Compared to title‐level shelving map displays that have been implemented in some libraries, holding level map displays solve the problem of complex shelving situations, such as a title with multiple copies shelved in different locations and/or in different formats. Originality/value This project received very positive feedback from the library community and this paper will provide information to those libraries which are interested in dynamically presenting holding information in their OPAC.
Retinoschisin expression and localization in rodent and human pineal and consequences of mouse RS1 gene knockout. (2006)

This study demonstrates that RS protein is expressed in the pinealocytes but not in interstitial glial cells. The lack of structural abnormalities in the RS1(-/Y) mice suggests that RS serves a different function in the pineal gland than in the retina.
An Analysis of Air Permeability of Cotton-Fibre-Based Socks (2019)

Socks are the clothing preserving the foot in thermal neutrality and preventing foot from blister generating. The development of socks has been diversified like the type, materials, and function, etc. Socks with good quality are conducive to prevent foot disease or smelly odor from foot. The wearing comfort of socks can be affected by the fabric properties of air permeability. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between the fabric parameters and air permeability of knitted socks fabric. The ventilation of socks fabric was measured by the KES-F8 automatic air permeability tester. It was found that the air permeability of fabric was negatively proportional to the content of cotton, yarn count and thickness, before washing. Meanwhile, washing was found to increase the air permeability.
Effect of Complex Trace Minerals on Reproductive Performance of Beef and Dairy Cattle (2020)

Providing balanced nutrients is critical for maintaining cow fertility. Adequate trace mineral intake and absorption is required for proper functioning of many metabolic processes associated with reproduction. Reproductive performance of cattle may be compromised if zinc, copper, or manganese status is in the marginal-to-deficient range. Common copper deficiency symptoms in cattle include delayed or suppressed estrus, decreased conception, infertility and embryo death. Inadequate zinc levels have been associated with decreased fertility, abnormal estrus, abortion and altered myometrial contractibility with prolonged labor. Manganese deficiency in cows results in suppression of conception rates, delayed estrus in both post-partum females and young prepuberal heifers, infertility, abortion, immature ovaries and dystocia. This study evaluated the effect on reproduction from feeding complex trace to beef cattle.
The National Ignition Facility: status and plans for laser fusion and high-energy-density experimental studies (2003)

The National Ignition Facility (NIF), currently under construction at the University of California's Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is a $2.25B stadium-sized facility containing a 192-beam, 1.8-Megajoule, 500-Terawatt, 351-nm laser system. NIF is being built by the National Nuclear Security Agency and when completed will be the world's largest laser system, providing a national center to study inertial confinement fusion and the physics of extreme energy densities and pressures. In NIF up to 192 energetic laser beams will compress small fusion targets to conditions where they will ignite and burn, liberating more energy than is required to initiate the fusion reactions. NIF experiments will allow the study of physical processes at temperatures approaching 100 million K and 100 billion times atmospheric pressure. These conditions exist naturally only in the interior of stars and in nuclear weapons explosions. In the course of designing the world's most energetic laser system, a number of significant technology breakthroughs have been achieved. Research is also underway to develop a shorter pulse capability on NIF for high power applications. We discuss the technology challenges and solutions that have made NIF possible along with enhancements to NIF's design that could lead to exawatt power levels.
Study of the physiological effects of shift work using the HRV analysis method (2022)

Shift work in industry and services cannot be avoided, but the adverse health effects of shift work are well known. The results of workplace physiological measurements in the Hungarian solid mineral mining oil and gas extraction and processing industry was, carried out under the coordination of the Scientific Committee on Mining Health and Ergonomics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, The Committee studiedy the variations of age and life characteristics of the workers, the various working conditions and environment and the heart rate variability (HRV) parameters. Our workplace studies covered 8, 12 and 24-hour shift works alike during morning, afternoon and night shifts with 2, 5 or 7 days per shift. In the evaluation, the significant differences in HRV parameters reflecting different physiological conditions, working conditions and work environment are presented for the morning only (control group) and the shift work groups. Evaluation of the results of the measurements carried out at the workplaces adjusted to the actual work schedule using known methods of mathematical statistics made it possible to investigate the effects of different circumstances and conditions. Based on the reviewed research results regarding the health effects of shift work, IARC/WHO concluded in 2010 that shift work was probably carcinogenic to humans (category 2A) - a recommendation that was changed to night shift work in 2019, based on the research results revealed in the meantime. Our studies call attention to the potential for using the results of new methods developed through innovation and to the justification for their use in occupational health.
Elucidating Degradation Mechanisms of Silicon‐graphite Electrodes in Lithium‐ion Batteries by Local Electrochemistry (2023)

Abstract The integrity of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed on the negative electrode of lithium‐ion batteries (LIB) is especially critical for the performance of next‐generation LIBs comprising silicon‐carbon based electrode materials. The protecting character of the SEI is compromised due to volume expansion and shrinking during de/intercalation of Li ions leading to irreversible changes upon long‐term cycling. Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is proposed as local electrochemical technique to investigate the degradation mechanisms of advanced negative electrodes. The impact of charge/discharge cycling on the SEI properties on Si−C electrodes was investigated, and the sensitivity of SECM successfully reveals inhomogeneities at an early stage of the cycling already at about 5 cycles. Macroscopic EIS measurements and evaluation of the coulombic efficiency may result in misleading interpretations of degradation. SECM is demonstrated to be a powerful and complementary technique for revealing μm‐heterogeneities in the SEI surface reactivity after a few charge/discharge cycles.
Elucidating the Nature of the External Acid Sites of ZSM‐5 Zeolites Using NMR Probe Molecules (2022)

The identification of acid and nonacid species at the external surface of zeolites remains a major challenge, in contrast to the extensively-studied internal acid sites. Here, it is shown that the synthesis of zeolite ZSM-5 samples with distinct particle sizes, combined with solid-state NMR and computational studies of trimethylphosphine oxide (TMPO) adsorption, provides insight into the chemical species on the external surface of the zeolite crystals. <sup>1</sup> H-<sup>31</sup> P HETCOR NMR spectra of TMPO-loaded zeolites exhibit a broad correlation peak at δ<sub>P</sub> ∼35-55 ppm and δ<sub>H</sub> ∼5-12 ppm assigned to external SiOH species. Pore-mouth Brønsted acid sites exhibit <sup>31</sup> P and <sup>1</sup> H NMR resonances and adsorption energies close to those reported for internal acid sites interacting with TMPO. The presence of an external tricoordinate Al-Lewis site interacting strongly with TMPO is suggested, resulting in <sup>31</sup> P resonances that overlap with the peaks usually ascribed to the interaction of TMPO with Brønsted sites.
Interactive Fibre Structure Visualization of the Heart (2009)

Abstract The heart consists of densely packed muscle fibres. The orientation of these fibres can be acquired by using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) ex vivo. A good way to visualize the fibre structure in a cross section of the heart is by showing short line segments originating from the cross section and aligned with the local direction of the fibres. If the line segments are placed dense enough, one can see how the fibre orientations change. However, generation of the line segments takes time and thus the user has to wait for new geometry to be generated when the plane defining the cross section is changed. We present a new direct rendering method for the visualization of the 3D vector field in a 2D user‐definable cross section of a heart. On the intersection of the plane with the vector field, the full 3D vectors are rendered as 3D line segments with a local ray casting approach. No preprocessing of the data is needed and no geometry is generated. This technique allows a fast inspection of the data to identify interesting areas where further analysis is necessary (e.g. quantification or generation of streamlines). We also show how the technique is generalized to other glyph shapes than line segments by implementing ellipsoids.
A Fractographic Investigation of Stress-Corrosion Cracking in High-Strength Steel Alloys (1981)

The fracture separation processes of stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) specimens of steels with yield strengths in the 700 to 1400 MPa (100 to 200-ksi) range were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Plates from a variety of processes were tested and examined. These included the electric furnace, electroslag remelt, vacuum induction melt-vacuum arc remelt, and electric furnace-vacuum arc remelt processes. The materials were studied both in the as-received condition and after heat treatment. Stress-corrosion cracking tests were carried out on single-edge-notched, fatigue-precracked specimens by the cantilever beam method. The specimens were fractured under stress in an aqueous 3.5 percent sodium chloride solution while galvanically coupled to zinc. The modes of fracture at the fatigue-SCC interface, in the SCC zone, and in the overload area were investigated, and a correlation was drawn between the fracture mode, the microstructure, and the resistance of the steel alloy to stress-corrosion cracking.