gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Subacute administration of both methcathinone and manganese causes basal ganglia damage in mice resembling that in methcathinone abusers (2019)

An irreversible extrapyramidal syndrome occurs in man after intravenous abuse of "homemade" methcathinone (ephedrone, Mcat) that is contaminated with manganese (Mn) and is accompanied by altered basal ganglia function. Both Mcat and Mn can cause alterations in nigrostriatal function but it remains unknown whether the effects of the 'homemade' drug seen in man are due to Mcat or to Mn or to a combination of both. To determine how toxicity occurs, we have investigated the effects of 4-week intraperitoneal administration of Mn (30 mg/kg t.i.d) and Mcat (100 mg/kg t.i.d.) given alone, on the nigrostriatal function in male C57BL6 mice. The effects were compared to those of the 'homemade' mixture which contained about 7 mg/kg of Mn and 100 mg/kg of Mcat. Motor function, nigral dopaminergic cell number and markers of pre- and postsynaptic dopaminergic neuronal integrity including SPECT analysis were assessed. All three treatments had similar effects on motor behavior and neuronal markers. All decreased motor activity and induced tyrosine hydroxylase positive cell loss in the substantia nigra. All reduced <sup>123</sup>I-epidepride binding to D2 receptors in the striatum. Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) binding was not altered by any drug treatment. However, Mcat treatment alone decreased levels of the dopamine transporter (DAT) and Mn alone reduced GAD immunoreactivity in the striatum. These data suggest that both Mcat and Mn alone could contribute to the neuronal damage caused by the 'homemade' mixture but that both produce additional changes that contribute to the extrapyramidal syndrome seen in man.
Cleavable epoxy resins: Design for disassembly of a thermoset (1996)

A series of cycloaliphatic diepoxides with cleavable acetal links were synthesized and characterized. These materials were shown to undergo thermosetting reactions with cyclic anhydride in very similar fashion to a commercial cycloaliphatic epoxide, but cured samples were easily dissolved in a variety of acid-containing solvent mixtures. Such materials can extend the utility of thermosetting epoxies by preserving their positive attributes while eliminating their well known intractability after curing. The latter property is particularly a problem for manufacturers designing products for disassembly at end of use in order to facilitate recycling. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Sdn Security: A Survey (2013)

The pull of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is magnetic. There are few in the networking community who have escaped its impact. As the benefits of network visibility and network device programmability are discussed, the question could be asked as to who exactly will benefit? Will it be the network operator or will it, in fact, be the network intruder? As SDN devices and systems hit the market, security in SDN must be raised on the agenda. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the research relating to security in software-defined networking that has been carried out to date. Both the security enhancements to be derived from using the SDN framework and the security challenges introduced by the framework are discussed. By categorizing the existing work, a set of conclusions and proposals for future research directions are presented.
SBM3D: Sparse Regularization Model Induced by BM3D for Weighted Diffraction Imaging (2018)

How to explore many priors of the underlying image for diffraction imaging, i.e., recovering the image from recorded diffraction patterns, is an important issue. To address this issue, we present a sparse regularization model called sparse regularization model induced by block-matching and 3-D filtering (SBM3D). The proposed SBM3D exploits the sparsity of the residual image (difference image between the underlying image and its filtered version). The filtered image can be obtained by filtering the estimated image. The proposed regularization model is suitable for any inverse imaging problem. Specially, we incorporate the proposed SBM3D into the diffraction imaging field. Inspired by the effectiveness of the reweighted approach in compressed sensing, we formulate the weighted and regularized diffraction imaging problem. The smooth technique and the accelerated gradient descent approach with an adaptive step size are utilized to solve this challenging problem. Experimental simulations for coded diffraction imaging demonstrate that the proposed diffraction imaging algorithm outperforms the previous algorithms in terms of the reconstruction quality.
Subsized Bend and Charpy V-Notch Specimens for Irradiated Testing (1986)

Characterization of the fracture resistance of structural materials from specimens small in volume is an essential element of fission and fusion reactor design and alloy development. In this study ⅓-sized Charpy V-notch specimens and small bend bars ranging in thickness down to 2.5 mm have been investigated. Techniques have been developed for fabricating these specimens and testing them over a temperature range of 170 to 590 K under static and dynamic conditions. Tests have been performed to extract fracture mechanics parameters (KIc, JIc) and fundamental material parameters (e.g., micro-cleavage fracture stress σ*f) and to examine behavior anticipated in thin wall ferritic structures at temperatures corresponding to the lower shelf.
Chemistry of cage-shaped hydrocarbons. Ring transformations on a tricyclo[5.2.1.0 4,10]decane system (1999)

A series of triquinane (tricyclo[5.2.1.04,10]decane) derivatives were prepared from oxidation of pentaquinandiene 1. Ozonolysis of 1, followed by reduction, yielded three products 4, 5, and 6 with poly-hydroxy groups. The hydroxy group of 5 was transformed to an iodo group in 8 with triphenylphosphine and iodine. An attempted dehydroiodination of 8 with base upon heating produced 10 with an unexpected geometry. The structure of an isomer 11 has been solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, in which an exo-oriented cyclopropyl group indicated that an inversion has happened at C(3). The mechanism of the reaction from 8 to 10 was depicted as going through a multi-step sequence as outlined in Scheme 3.
POS-073 BUILDING A PREDICTION MODEL FOR POSTOPERATIVE ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY USING MACHINE LEARNING (2022)

Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with increased mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing surgeries performed under general anesthesia. There are several models that predict postoperative AKI risk, but most are single center studies that need external validation.
Relaxin and Progesterone Secretion as Affected by Luteinizing Hormone and Prolactin after Hysterectomy in the Pig* (1988)

Plasma levels of relaxin and progesterone in hysterectomized and pregnant gilts were determined from days 100-120 to evaluate the effects of purified porcine (p) LH and pPRL on the secretory activity of the aging corpora lutea. Gilts were bred on the second observed estrus or were hysterectomized between 6-8 days after estrus (estrus = day 0) and were assigned randomly to one of three treatment groups; saline-treated control, im injections of pLH, and iv injections of pPRL from days 110-120. In control, pLH-treated, and pPRL-treated animals, average gestation lengths were 114 +/- 0.8, 116 +/- 1.9, and 115 +/- 0.5 days (+/- SE), respectively. The relaxin level in mated gilts on day 100 was less than 2 ng/ml; it began to increase after day 110 and peaked in control animals on day 113 (66 ng/ml), whereas in pLH- and pPRL-treated animals, prepartum peak values were greater (P less than 0.01) and occurred on days 113 (104 ng/ml) and 114 (117 ng/ml), respectively. Relaxin dropped to basal levels (less than 1 ng/ml) by day 115 in controls and by day 116 in both pLH- and pPRL-treated gilts. Although pLH and pPRL treatments markedly accentuated peak relaxin secretion, they did not significantly accelerate or delay parturition or delay the abrupt demise of the corpora lutea immediately postpartum. In hysterectomized gilts, relaxin began to increase after day 110, peaked in control animals on day 113 (27 ng/ml), and decreased abruptly thereafter to less than 4 ng/ml. In contrast, pLH caused an immediate release of relaxin on day 111 (23 ng/ml) and sustained elevated levels (P less than 0.01) of relaxin until day 118, but the original corpora lutea regressed. Relaxin in pPRL-treated animals increased steadily after day 110, reaching peak values by day 115 (29 ng/ml), and remained consistently elevated (P less than 0.01) until day 120. Progesterone secretion was maintained in the pPRL-treated hysterectomized gilts from days 110-120 by the original corpora lutea and with no luteinization of follicles or formation of new corpora lutea. It is evident from this study that administration of pPRL starting on day 110 enhanced and prolonged the preprogramed release of relaxin and maintained progesterone secretion by aging corpora lutea in hysterectomized animals until day 120.
Pharmacokinetics of recombinant human growth hormone administered by cool.click™ 2, a new needle-free device, compared with subcutaneous administration using a conventional syringe and needle (2007)

These results demonstrate that cool.click 2 delivers subcutaneous r-hGH exposure that is bioequivalent to the conventional mode of injection. The new device has the additional advantage of being needle-free, and should help to increase patient adherence and achieve good therapeutic outcomes from r-hGH treatment.
Applicability of the Path Computation Element (PCE) to the Abstraction and Control of TE Networks (ACTN) (2019)

Abstraction and Control of TE Networks (ACTN) refers to the set of
virtual network (VN) operations needed to orchestrate, control and
manage large-scale multi-domain TE networks so as to facilitate
network programmability, automation, efficient resource sharing, and
end-to-end virtual service aware connectivity and network function
virtualization services. The Path Computation Element (PCE) is a
component, application, or network node that is capable of computing a
network path or route based on a network graph and applying
computational constraints. The PCE serves requests from Path
Computation Clients (PCCs) that communicate with it over a local API
or using the Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP).
This document examines the applicability of PCE to the ACTN framework.
Detection by immunoelectron microscopy of immunoglobulin G deposits in skin of immunofiuorescence negative herpes gestationis (1977)

Journal Article Detection by immunoelectron microscopy of immunoglobulin G deposits in skin of immunofiuorescence negative herpes gestationis Get access KARL HOLUBAR, KARL HOLUBAR Department of Dermatology (I), University of Vienna, A1090 Vienna, Austria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar KLAUS KONRAD, KLAUS KONRAD Department of Dermatology (I), University of Vienna, A1090 Vienna, Austria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar GEORG STINGL GEORG STINGL Department of Dermatology (I), University of Vienna, A1090 Vienna, Austria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 96, Issue 5, 1 May 1977, Page 569, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1977.tb07165.x Published: 01 May 1977
Evolving integrated controllers for autonomous learning robots using dynamic neural networks (2002)

In 1994, Yamauchi and Beer (1994) attempted to evolve a dynamic neural network as a control system for a simulated agent capable of performing learning behaviour. They tried to evolve an integrated network, i.e. not modularized; this attempt failed. They ended up having to use independent evolution of separate controller modules, arbitrarily partitioned by the researcher. Moreover, they “provided” the agents with hard-wired reinforcement signals. The model we describe in this paper demonstrates that it is possible to evolve an integrated dynamic neural network that successfully controls the behaviour of a khepera robot engaged in a simple learning task. We show that dynamic neural networks, based on leaky-integrator neuron, shaped by evolution, appear to be able to integrate reactive and learned behaviour with an integrated control system which also benefits from its own evolved reinforcement signal.
Electronic Detection of Single-Base Mismatches in DNA with Ferrocene-Modified Probes (2001)

Genotyping and gene-expression monitoring is critical to the study of the association between genetics and drug response (pharmacogenomics) and the association of sequence variation with heritable phenotypes. Recently, we developed an entirely electronic method for the detection of DNA hybridization events by the site-specific incorporation of ferrocenyl derivatives into DNA oligonucleotides. To perform rapid and accurate point mutation detection employing this methodology, two types of metal-containing signaling probes with varying redox potentials are required. In this report we describe a new ferrocene-containing phosphoramidite 9 that provides a range of detectable redox potentials. Using automated DNA/RNA synthesis techniques the two ferrocenyl complexes were inserted at various positions along oligonucleotide probes. Thermal stability analysis of these metal-containing DNA oligonucleotides indicates that incorporation of 9 resulted in no destabilization of the duplex. A mixture of oligonucleotides containing compounds 9 and I was analyzed by alternating current voltammetry (ACV) monitored at the 1st harmonic. The data demonstrate that the two ferrocenyl oligonucleotide derivatives can be distinguished electrochemically. A CMS-DNA array was prepared on an array of gold electrodes on a printed circuit board substrate with a self-assembled mixed monolayer, coupled to an electronic detection system. Experiments for the detection of a single-base match utilizing two signaling probes were carried out. The results demonstrate that rapid and accurate detection of a single-base mismatch can be achieved by using these dual-signaling probes on CMS-DNA chips.
Comparative Genomic and Phenotypic Analysis of the Vaginal Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 (2018)

<i>Lactobacillus</i> represents a versatile bacterial genus, which can adapt to a wide variety of ecological niches, including human body sites such as the intestinal and urogenital tract. In this study, the complete genome sequence of the vaginal probiotic <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> GR-1 was determined and compared to other <i>L. rhamnosus</i> strains at genomic and phenotypic level. The strain GR-1 was originally isolated from a female urethra, and was assessed with <i>L. rhamnosus</i> GG from a feces sample of a healthy male, and <i>L. rhamnosus</i> LC705 from a dairy product. A key difference is the absence in GR-1 and LC705 of the <i>spaCBA</i> locus required for pili-mediated intestinal epithelial adhesion. In addition, the <i>L. rhamnosus</i> GR-1 genome contains a unique cluster for exopolysaccharide production, which is postulated to synthesize glucose-rich, rhamnose-lacking exopolysaccharide molecules that are different from the galactose-rich extracellular polysaccharide of <i>L. rhamnosus</i> GG. Compared to <i>L. rhamnosus</i> GG, <i>L. rhamnosus</i> GR-1 was also genetically predicted and experimentally shown to better metabolize lactose and maltose, and to better withstand oxidative stress, which is of relevance in the vagina. This study could thus provide a molecular framework for the selection of the optimal probiotic strain for each targeted niche and condition, but further substantiation of niche adaptation mechanisms of lactobacilli is warranted.
Spatially ordered convergent projection from the auditory thalamus to and from A-I in the cat (1975)

Microelectrode mapping experiments were conducted in A-I in cats to determine the physiological dimensions of the field. Combined horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and tritiated amino-acid (TAA) were then injected at one or more known locations in A-I, revealing the arrays of neuronal afferents and terminal efferents to and from these physiologically defined A-I loci. Among the results were the following: (1) There is a discrete, spatially ordered convergent projection from a continuous sheet of neurons passing through the medial and ventral divisions of the medial geniculate body (MGB) to any given locus in A-I. (2) The arrays of projecting neurons approximately parallel the axes of orientation of dendrites and the paths of fibers of the brachium of the inferior colliculus within pars lateralis and pars ovoidalis of the ventral division of MGB. (3) Within pars lateralis, projecting neuronal arrays from distinct laminae. Lowest-frequency A-I sites receive projections from caudolateral neuronal MGB laminae; higher-frequency MGB laminae are continuously added medially and anteriorally. (4) The efferent projection from any A-I locus to MGB overlies exactly the array of thalamic neurons projecting to that same cortical site. [Supported by NIH Grant NS-10414.]
Deficiency of both protein C and protein S in a family with ischemic strokes in young adults (1994)

Protein C and protein S deficiencies increase the risk of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, but their role in arterial thrombosis or embolism is controversial. We describe cerebral ischemia in two young women in a family with inherited deficiencies of both proteins C and S and provide evidence that a combined deficiency of proteins C and S may be a high risk factor for ischemic stroke in young adults.
Soft and Wet Materials: Polymer Gels (1998)

A polymer gel is a soft and wet material capable of undergoing large deformation. A deformed gel, in turn, changes its chemical potential, behaving as an energy transducer. Thus, a polymer gel shows a variety of stimuli-responsive actions, responding to external environmental changes. In this article unique electrical, thermal, and chemical responses of polymer gels are described. Recently observed frictional specificities of gels are also briefly introduced.
在那没有人知道的冰与火的海洋上——被遗忘的战场：二战期间美国潜艇在阿留申群岛的作战活动 (2003)

即使是在日本发起进攻可能性增加的20世纪30年代，阿拉斯加和阿留申群岛实际上仍然是处于不设防的状态。虽然阿留申群岛从阿拉斯加半岛的顶端一直最远的阿图岛延伸了900海里——距离日本最北的千岛群岛中的幌筵岛海军基地650海里以内，但是它们看起来仍然不可能是日本进攻的最好选择，寒冷、荒凉，
Power-azimuth-spectrum modeling for antenna array systems: a geometric-based approach (2003)

In this paper, we propose the geometric-based channel modeling technique as a means to establish innovative models for the power azimuth spectrum (PAS). When the geometry of the environment is matched to that of the TSUNAMI II project, the PAS model we achieve (referred to as the secant-square model) may be compared to the Laplacian model introduced previously in the literature. In this case, we observe that our model is a better fit to the TSUNAMI II project measurements. Specifically, our model has a simple mathematical representation and demonstrates a lower squared error when compared to measurement data, and considers effects ignored in the earlier modeling (e.g., the nonzero values at the edge of the PAS). Moreover, the proposed geometric-based channel modeling technique extends to other environments with different topologies, whereas the earlier Laplacian model is limited to the TSUNAMI II measurement environment.
Dispersion curves and transmission spectra of a two-dimensional photonic band-gap crystal: Theory and experiment (1995)

An on-shell method that combines plane-wave and finite-difference techniques for the calculation of dispersion curves and transmission spectra for electromagnetic fields in photonic band-gap crystals is presented. The overall problem is decomposed into a field problem of determining the plane-wave scattering from an individual crystalline layer and a conventional one-dimensional network problem of combining this scattering to obtain the band structure of the entire crystal or the scattering properties of a crystal with a finite thickness. Results of the calculation are compared with experimental data measured using ultrawideband microwave pulses for a two-dimensional photonic band-gap crystal.
Immune Profile Of Uveal Melanoma Patients: Impact On Clinical Outcome (2021)

Abstract Background. Immunotherapy represents a common therapeutic option for metastatic uveal melanoma, despite the low activity. Although overall survival is often dismal, long survivors can be observed. In this study, the prognostic role of the soluble isoforms of immunomodulatory receptors and cytokines/chemokines was evaluated as well as their ability to identify patients who can benefit more from anti-PD-1 therapy. Methods. Sera from 22 metastatic uveal melanoma patients were assayed to evaluate the levels of cytokines/chemokines and soluble immune checkpoint molecules by multiplex immunoassay analysis. The changes of these molecules during anti-PD-1 therapy were assessed. The correlation between soluble isoforms of immunomodulatory receptors/cytokines/chemokines and survival was analysed. A comparison between circulating immune profile of metastatic uveal melanoma and cutaneous melanoma during anti-PD-1 therapy was also performed. Results. The levels of sCD137, sCD28, sPD-1, sPD-L2 sLAG3, sCD80 and sTim3 were significantly enhanced during anti-PD-1 treatment. Similarly, the levels of IP-10, CCL2 and IDO activity were significantly increased during anti-PD-1 therapy. HVEM, IL-8 and IDO activity were higher in patients with survival &lt; 6 months. Considering these 3 molecules, we obtained a score able to predict patients’ survival. Serum CD137, sGITR and sCD27 were significantly lower in patients with survival &gt; 30 months. Serum GITR, sCD27, sPD-1, sCD80, IFNγ and IDO activity were significantly higher in uveal melanoma patients than in cutaneous melanoma patients during anti-PD-1 therapy. Conclusions. The molecules detected in uveal melanoma during anti-PD-1 treatment reflect the poor activation of immune system and may justify the limited response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Nevertheless, some patients with metastatic uveal melanoma had a long survival. These patients could be identified through a score based on circulating immune molecules such as HVEM, IDO and IL-8. The comparison of immune profile during anti-PD-1 therapy between uveal melanoma and cutaneous melanoma reflects the different efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in these diseases.
The effect of rosiglitazone on LRP1 expression and amyloid β uptake in human brain microvascular endothelial cells: a possible role of a low-dose thiazolidinedione for dementia treatment (2011)

Thiazolidinediones, such as rosiglitazone or pioglitazone, are anti-diabetic agents that have been expected to show a beneficial effect in Alzheimer's disease (AD) because of their anti-inflammatory effect. However, these agents have failed to show a significant beneficial effect on AD in recent clinical trials. Here, we suggest that low-dose rosiglitazone treatment, and not the conventional doses, has an amyloid β (Aβ)-clearing effect by increasing LRP1, an Aβ outward transporter in the blood-brain barrier. Rosiglitazone up-regulated LRP1 mRNA and protein expression and LRP1 promoter activity in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs). Aβ uptake through LRP1 in HBMECs was also increased by rosiglitazone. This increase in LRP1 and Aβ uptake was observed in up to 10 nm rosiglitazone concentration. At concentrations above 20 nm rosiglitazone, the LRP1 expression and Aβ uptake in HBMECs were not altered. The possible mechanism of this unusual dose response is discussed. This study suggests a new therapeutic application of thiazolidinediones for AD at a much lower dose than the doses used for diabetes treatment.