gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Defining a Role for Acid Sphingomyelinase in the p38/Interleukin-6 Pathway (2014)

Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) is one of the key enzymes involved in regulating the metabolism of the bioactive sphingolipid ceramide in the sphingolipid salvage pathway, yet defining signaling pathways by which ASM exerts its effects has proven difficult. Previous literature has implicated sphingolipids in the regulation of cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), but the specific sphingolipid pathways and mechanisms involved in inflammatory signaling need to be further elucidated. In this work, we sought to define the role of ASM in IL-6 production because our previous work showed that a parallel pathway of ceramide metabolism, acid β-glucosidase 1, negatively regulates IL-6. First, silencing ASM with siRNA abrogated IL-6 production in response to the tumor promoter, 4β-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), in MCF-7 cells, in distinction to acid β-glucosidase 1 and acid ceramidase, suggesting specialization of the pathways. Moreover, treating cells with siRNA to ASM or with the indirect pharmacologic inhibitor desipramine resulted in significant inhibition of TNFα- and PMA-induced IL-6 production in MDA-MB-231 and HeLa cells. Knockdown of ASM was found to significantly inhibit PMA-dependent IL-6 induction at the mRNA level, probably ruling out mechanisms of translation or secretion of IL-6. Further, ASM knockdown or desipramine blunted p38 MAPK activation in response to TNFα, revealing a key role for ASM in activating p38, a signaling pathway known to regulate IL-6 induction. Last, knockdown of ASM dramatically blunted invasion of HeLa and MDA-MB-231 cells through Matrigel. Taken together, these results demonstrate that ASM plays a critical role in p38 signaling and IL-6 synthesis with implications for tumor pathobiology.
Optimal Motion of Flexible Objects with Oscillations Elimination at the Final Point (2016)

In this article, a theoretical justification of one type of skew-symmetric optimal translational motion (moving in the minimal acceptable time) of a flexible object carried by a robot from its initial to its final position of absolute quiescence with the exception of the oscillations at the end of the motion is presented. The Hamilton-Ostrogradsky principle is used as a criterion for searching an optimal control. The data of experimental verification of the control are presented using the Orthoglide robot for translational motions and several masses were attached to a flexible beam.
Development of a TLR7/8 agonist adjuvant formulation to overcome early life hyporesponsiveness to DTaP vaccination (2022)

Infection is the most common cause of mortality early in life, yet the broad potential of immunization is not fully realized in this vulnerable population. Most vaccines are administered during infancy and childhood, but in some cases the full benefit of vaccination is not realized in-part. New adjuvants are cardinal to further optimize current immunization approaches for early life. However, only a few classes of adjuvants are presently incorporated in vaccines approved for human use. Recent advances in the discovery and delivery of Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist adjuvants have provided a new toolbox for vaccinologists. Prominent among these candidate adjuvants are synthetic small molecule TLR7/8 agonists. The development of an effective infant Bordetella pertussis vaccine is urgently required because of the resurgence of pertussis in many countries, contemporaneous to the switch from whole cell to acellular vaccines. In this context, TLR7/8 adjuvant based vaccine formulation strategies may be a promising tool to enhance and accelerate early life immunity by acellular B. pertussis vaccines. In the present study, we optimized (a) the formulation delivery system, (b) structure, and (c) immunologic activity of novel small molecule imidazoquinoline TLR7/8 adjuvants towards human infant leukocytes, including dendritic cells. Upon immunization of neonatal mice, this TLR7/8 adjuvant overcame neonatal hyporesponsiveness to acellular pertussis vaccination by driving a T helper (Th)1/Th17 biased T cell- and IgG2c-skewed humoral response to a licensed acellular vaccine (DTaP). This potent immunization strategy may represent a new paradigm for effective immunization against pertussis and other pathogens in early life.
A low cost ECG central station for intensive care. (1990)

A electrocardiogram (ECG) central station has been developed for the Intensive Care Unit at Christchurch Hospital. The system allows the selection and display of four ECGs selected from seven bedside monitors in the Unit. It also provides for automatic display, hard copy and audio alarm of ECG from any monitor which has detected an alarm condition--irrespective of whether that channel was being displayed prior to alarm detection. The system comprises a control unit (based on an 8085 microprocessor) and a mobile ECG station (4-channel ECG monitor, ECG recorder and computer terminal). Over the three years since its installation, the central station has been used 24 hours a day by medical and nursing staff and has proven to be a valued and reliable instrument in an intensive care environment.
Domain within the helicase subunit Mcm4 integrates multiple kinase signals to control DNA replication initiation and fork progression (2014)

Eukaryotic DNA synthesis initiates from multiple replication origins and progresses through bidirectional replication forks to ensure efficient duplication of the genome. Temporal control of initiation from origins and regulation of replication fork functions are important aspects for maintaining genome stability. Multiple kinase-signaling pathways are involved in these processes. The Dbf4-dependent Cdc7 kinase (DDK), cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK), and Mec1, the yeast Ataxia telangiectasia mutated/Ataxia telangiectasia mutated Rad3-related checkpoint regulator, all target the structurally disordered N-terminal serine/threonine-rich domain (NSD) of mini-chromosome maintenance subunit 4 (Mcm4), a subunit of the mini-chromosome maintenance (MCM) replicative helicase complex. Using whole-genome replication profile analysis and single-molecule DNA fiber analysis, we show that under replication stress the temporal pattern of origin activation and DNA replication fork progression are altered in cells with mutations within two separate segments of the Mcm4 NSD. The proximal segment of the NSD residing next to the DDK-docking domain mediates repression of late-origin firing by checkpoint signals because in its absence late origins become active despite an elevated DNA damage-checkpoint response. In contrast, the distal segment of the NSD at the N terminus plays no role in the temporal pattern of origin firing but has a strong influence on replication fork progression and on checkpoint signaling. Both fork progression and checkpoint response are regulated by the phosphorylation of the canonical CDK sites at the distal NSD. Together, our data suggest that the eukaryotic MCM helicase contains an intrinsic regulatory domain that integrates multiple signals to coordinate origin activation and replication fork progression under stress conditions.
Electrostatic Repulsion of Positively Charged Vesicles and Negatively Charged Objects (1999)

A positively charged, mixed bilayer vesicle in the presence of negatively charged surfaces (for example, colloidal particles) can spontaneously partition into an adhesion zone of definite area and another zone that repels additional negative objects. Although the membrane itself has nonnegative charge in the repulsive zone, negative counterions on the interior of the vesicle spontaneously aggregate there and present a net negative charge to the exterior. Beyond the fundamental result that oppositely charged objects can repel, this mechanism helps to explain recent experiments on surfactant vesicles.
General Atomics Smart Microsensors -- FY05 Shipboard Fire Test Results (2005)

This report describes the cermet sensors and system control software recently evaluated in shipboard tests for shipboard damage control. The tests were conducted to evaluate a database of sensor responses to fire and nuisance sources for algorithm development, and to provide a basis for further refinement. In this work, the cermet sensors incorporate four sensors with multivariate analysis methods and classification algorithms for detecting a wide variety of analytes including toxic industrial chemicals, fires, and nuisance sources. The test series successfully demonstrated the functionality and performance of the microsensor system for use in fire detection. The detection system demonstrated the ability to detect flaming and smoldering fires at the same level as the commercial multicriteria detector. It was on average 2 to 3 minutes faster for flaming fires, vs. all detector types evaluated, and 7.5 to 8.3 minutes faster for smoldering fires, vs. all detector types evaluated. The system needs improvement in addressing fire-like nuisances.
HeterozygousRTEL1mutations are associated with familial pulmonary fibrosis (2015)

Pulmonary fibrosis is a fatal disease with progressive loss of respiratory function. Defective telomere maintenance leading to telomere shortening is a cause of pulmonary fibrosis, as mutations in the telomerase component genes TERT (reverse transcriptase) and TERC (RNA component) are found in 15% of familial pulmonary fibrosis (FPF) cases. However, so far, about 85% of FPF remain genetically uncharacterised.Here, in order to identify new genetic causes of FPF, we performed whole-exome sequencing, with a candidate-gene approach, of 47 affected subjects from 35 families with FPF without TERT and TERC mutations.We identified heterozygous mutations in regulator of telomere elongation helicase 1 (RTEL1) in four families. RTEL1 is a DNA helicase with roles in DNA replication, genome stability, DNA repair and telomere maintenance. The heterozygous RTEL1 mutations segregated as an autosomal dominant trait in FPF, and were predicted by structural analyses to severely affect the function and/or stability of RTEL1. In agreement with this, RTEL1-mutated patients exhibited short telomeres in comparison with age-matched controls.Our results provide evidence that heterozygous RTEL1 mutations are responsible for FPF and, thereby, extend the clinical spectrum of RTEL1 deficiency. Thus, RTEL1 enlarges the number of telomere-associated genes implicated in FPF.
Infrared quarter-wave reflection retarders designed with high-spatial-frequency dielectric surface-relief gratings on a gold substrate at oblique incidence (1996)

One- and two-dimensional high-spatial-frequency dielectric surface-relief gratings on a Au substrate are used to design a high-reflectance quarter-wave retarder at 70° angle of incidence and 10.6-μm light wavelength. The equivalent homogeneous anisotropic layer model is used. It is shown that equal and high reflectances (>98.5%) for the p and the spolarizations and quarter-wave retardation can be achieved with two-dimensional ZnS surface-relief gratings. Sensitivities to changes of incidence angle, light wavelength, grating filling factor, and grating layer thickness are considered.
Presurgical therapy with axitinib for advanced renal cell carcinoma: a case report (2013)

This case study demonstrate that presurgical therapy with axitinib is feasible and might have several potential advantages for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.
The effects of branches on condition related signals in Low Voltage underground power systems (2014)

Low Voltage (LV) underground power cables are a valuable asset for grid operators. Condition monitoring is under investigation, especially related to intermittent faults. These events may be accompanied or preceded by discharge current signals, which could be measured in substations nearby. To estimate wether such signals are detectable in practical situations, a high frequency model of the grid is constructed. This paper reports on modeling of a feeder section representing a single branch connection a customer to the main LV cable. The cables are modeled as a multi-conductor transmission line, whereas the joint itself is represented by lumped parameters. The joint parameters were measured separately on a typically applied joint type. The network section was simulated considering typical cable types for the service cable and the main cable. Measurements on the actual feeder section are compared to the simulation results, showing good agreement. This model is an initial step to simulate cable condition related signals in a complete LV feeder.
Electrochemical and Microbial Dissection of Electrified Biotrickling Filters (2022)

Electrified biotrickling filters represent sustainable microbial electrochemical technology for treating organic carbon-deficient ammonium-contaminated waters. However, information on the microbiome of the conductive granule bed cathode remains inexistent. For uncovering this black box and for identifying key process parameters, minimally invasive sampling units were introduced, allowing for the extraction of granules from different reactor layers during reactor operation. Sampled granules were analyzed using cyclic voltammetry and molecular biological tools. Two main redox sites [-288 ± 18 mV and -206 ± 21 mV vs. standard hydrogen electrode (SHE)] related to bioelectrochemical denitrification were identified, exhibiting high activity in a broad pH range (pH 6-10). A genome-centric analysis revealed a complex nitrogen food web and the presence of typical denitrifiers like <i>Pseudomonas nitroreducens</i> and <i>Paracoccus versutus</i> with none of these species being identified as electroactive microorganism so far. These are the first results to provide insights into microbial structure-function relationships within electrified biotrickling filters and underline the robustness and application potential of bioelectrochemical denitrification for environmental remediation.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of The trafficking of natural killer cells. (2007)

The trafficking of natural killer cells Summary: Natural killer (NK) cells are large granular lymphocytes of the innate immune system that participate in the early control of microbial infections and cancer. NK cells can induce the death of autologous cells undergoing various forms of stress, recognizing and providing nonmicrobial 'danger' signals to the immune system. NK cells are widely distributed in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs. NK cell precursors originate from the bone marrow and go through a complex maturation process that leads to the acquisition of their effector functions, to changes in their expression of integrins and chemotactic receptors, and to their redistribution from the bone marrow and lymph nodes to blood, spleen, liver, and lung. Here, we describe the tissue localization of NK cells, using NKp46 as an NK cell marker, and review the current knowledge on the mechanisms that govern their trafficking in humans and in mice.
Synthesis and Utility of Neptunium(III) Hydrocarbyl Complex (2019)

To extend organoactinide chemistry beyond uranium, reported here is the first structurally characterized transuranic hydrocarbyl complex, Np[η<sup>4</sup> -Me<sub>2</sub> NC(H)C<sub>6</sub> H<sub>5</sub> ]<sub>3</sub> (1), from reaction of NpCl<sub>4</sub> (DME)<sub>2</sub> with four equivalents of K[Me<sub>2</sub> NC(H)C<sub>6</sub> H<sub>5</sub> ]. Unlike the U<sup>III</sup> species, the neptunium analogue can be used to access other Np<sup>III</sup> complexes. The reaction of 1 with three equivalents of HE<sub>2</sub> C(2,6-Mes<sub>2</sub> -C<sub>6</sub> H<sub>3</sub> ) (E=O, S) yields [(2,6-Mes<sub>2</sub> -C<sub>6</sub> H<sub>3</sub> )CE<sub>2</sub> ]<sub>3</sub> Np(THF)<sub>2</sub> , maintaining the trivalent oxidation state.
AquaLog (2006)

The semantic web (SW) vision is one in which rich, ontology-based semantic markup will become widely available. The availability of semantic markup on the web opens the way to novel, sophisticated forms of question answering. AquaLog is a portable question-answering system which takes queries expressed in natural language (NL) and an ontology as input, and returns answers drawn from one or more knowledge bases (KB). AquaLog presents an elegant solution in which different strategies are combined together in a novel way. AquaLog novel ontology-based relation similarity service makes sense of user queries.
Intrinsic acidities of carbon and nitrogen acids measured by gas phase proton transfer equilibriums. Substituent effects on the stabilities of gas phase carbanions and nitrogen anions (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntrinsic acidities of carbon and nitrogen acids measured by gas phase proton transfer equilibriums. Substituent effects on the stabilities of gas phase carbanions and nitrogen anionsT. B. McMahon and P. KebarleCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 12, 3399–3406Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00428a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00428a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views207Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
In vitro determination of bioactive fraction of blueberry for type 2 diabetes prevention (647.17) (2014)

The present study investigates the carbohydrate hydrolysis enzyme inhibitory activity of blueberries and if this activity is proanthocaynidin (PAC) or low molecular weight phenolic (LMP) dependent. Freeze‐dried blueberry powder was extracted using 70% acetone solution (BAE) and in deionized water (BWE). Sugars were removed from both extracts using C18 cartridges. BAE resulted to higher PAC and total phenolic content (TPC), so BAE was used for the remaining experiment. LMP and PAC were separated from BAE using a LH‐20 column by washing using 30%methanol solution (LMP recovery) and eluting using 70% acetone solution (PAC recovery). PAC contents were determined as 0.86 mg/mL, 0.56 mg/g, 0.11 mg/g and 0.61 mg/mL for BAE, BWE, LMP and PAC, respectively. The TPC of BAE, BWE, LMP and PAC were determined to be 3.88 mg/mL, 2.64 mg/mL, 1.90 mg/mL and 1.85 mg/mL, respectively. Evaluation of rat α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity, revealed that LMP (IC 50 0.24 mg/mL TPC basis) had the highest inhibitory activity followed by BAE (IC 50 0.39 mg/mL TPC basis), PAC (IC 50 0.92 mg/mL TPC basis). Evaluation of specific maltase and sucrase inhibitory activities confirmed same trend as with observed rat α‐glucosidase inhibitory activities (LMP&gt;BAE&gt;PAC). Our findings suggest that blueberry extract has α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity, which is low molecular weight phenolic dependent. Grant Funding Source : Supported by US Army Natick Soldier Research Engineering Center
Clustering-training for Data Stream Mining (2006)

Mining data streams has attracted much attention recently. Labeled samples needed by most current stream classification methods are more difficult and expensive to obtain than unlabeled ones. This paper proposed a semi-supervised learning algorithm - clustering-training to utilize the unlabeled samples. It uses clustering to select confidently unlabeled samples, and uses them to re-train the classifier incrementally. Experiments on synthetic and real data set showed the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm
Increasing the Density of Adsorbed Hydrogen with Coordinatively Unsaturated Metal Centers in Metal−Organic Frameworks (2008)

Storing molecular hydrogen in porous media is one of the promising avenues for mobile hydrogen storage. In order to achieve technologically relevant levels of gravimetric density, the density of adsorbed H2 must be increased beyond levels attained for typical high surface area carbons. Here, we demonstrate a strong correlation between exposed and coordinatively unsaturated metal centers and enhanced hydrogen surface density in many framework structures. We show that the MOF-74 framework structure with open Zn(2+) sites displays the highest surface density for physisorbed hydrogen in framework structures. Isotherm and neutron scattering methods are used to elucidate the strength of the guest-host interactions and atomic-scale bonding of hydrogen in this material. As a metric with which to compare adsorption density with other materials, we define a surface packing density and model the strength of the H(2-)surface interaction required to decrease the H(2)-H(2) distance and to estimate the largest possible surface packing density based on surface physisorption methods.
Learning-based estimation of dielectric properties and tissue density in head models for personalized radio-frequency dosimetry (2020)

Radio-frequency dosimetry is an important process in assessments for human exposure safety and for compliance of related products. Recently, computational human models generated from medical images have often been used for such assessment, especially to consider the inter-subject variability. However, a common procedure to develop personalized models is time consuming because it involves excessive segmentation of several components that represent different biological tissues, which is a major obstacle in the inter-subject variability assessment of radiation safety. Deep learning methods have been shown to be a powerful approach for pattern recognition and signal analysis. Convolutional neural networks with deep architecture are proven robust for feature extraction and image mapping in several biomedical applications. In this study, we develop a learning-based approach for fast and accurate estimation of the dielectric properties and density of tissues directly from magnetic resonance images in a single shot. The smooth distribution of the dielectric properties in head models, which is realized using a process without tissue segmentation, improves the smoothness of the specific absorption rate (SAR) distribution compared with that in the commonly used procedure. The estimated SAR distributions, as well as that averaged over 10 g of tissue in a cubic shape, are found to be highly consistent with those computed using the conventional methods that employ segmentation.
Subsynchronous resonance. A controller for active damping (2002)

This paper proposes a method for elimination of subsynchronous oscillations in power systems. The method uses only measurements available at the series capacitor located anywhere at the transmission line. The generator rotor position and angular velocity are estimated and a thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) is used to create an active damping torque that rapidly damps all subsynchronous oscillations of the turbine-generator system. It is shown that subsynchronous resonance is a linear stability problem, i.e. even the linearized model is unstable, and so a linear Kalman filter can be used for the estimations.