gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Unraveling the Role of Composite Li3PO4/ZrO2 Coatings Prepared by Dry Milling on High Voltage Spinel Cathodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Insights into Lattice Strain, Thermal Behavior, Material Compatibility, and Electrochemical Performance (2022)

In the present investigation, three composite coatings for high voltage spinels were prepared from Li3PO4:ZrO2 (with varying loadings of zirconia, ZrO2, and lithium phosphate, Li3PO4) using ball milling techniques. The coatings were prepared on high voltage spinel LNMO (LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4) using mechanical mixing, and the samples were heated at 600 °C to achieve a uniform, crystalline coating. A coating referred to as LZ75 (75 wt % zirconia and 25 wt % Li3PO4) exhibited the highest relative weight stability and a lower heat of reaction than other ratios of ZrO2 and Li3PO4 prepared for these custom coatings on LNMO. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated the presence of zirconia and phosphorous on the LNMO surfaces. Band gap studies indicated a decrease in the direct and indirect band gaps for the coatings with a higher ZrO2 content, which could enhance conductivity in the material. In contrast to this, the Urbach energy (Eu) yielded a reverse trend and followed the order (LNMO) < (LZ25-coated LNMO) < (LZ50-coated LNMO) < (LZ75-coated LNMO). Electron microscopy studies indicated a change in morphology for the coated LNMO, especially for the LZ75-coated LNMO. Additional studies evaluated bare and coated LNMO for their stability in the presence of LiPF6 electrolyte. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses of the LNMO/LiPF6 interfaces for the coated and bare cathode materials indicated that the coating tends to suppress Mn dissolution in comparison to the uncoated LNMO. Additionally, more phases were seen in the LNMO/LiPF6 interface than for the coated LNMO materials. Electrochemical performance depicted an enhanced capacity retention of up to 88.5% for the LZ75-coated LNMO, compared to 69.2% for pristine LNMO after 100 cycles at 1 C (3–5 V vs Li/Li+). The lithium-ion diffusion coefficient (DLi+) also exhibited a significant increase in the coated cathodes along with a decrease in the charge transfer resistance and surface film resistance.
Novel Therapeutic Targets In Bladder Cancer: Mutation and Expression of Fgf Receptors (2008)

Bladder cancer presents several challenges in clinical management. For the large group of noninvasive tumors, key problems are the development of multiple recurrences that require long-term surveillance and a lack of effective therapies to prevent recurrence. For the smaller group of poor prognosis patients with invasive disease, novel therapies are urgently needed. The identification of mutations of FGF receptor 3 (FGFR3) in most noninvasive bladder tumors and the recent finding of overexpression of this receptor not only in superficial tumors but also in many invasive bladder cancers has generated optimism that therapies targeting this receptor tyrosine kinase may have major application in the treatment of urothelial cancers. There is little information on the other members of this receptor family apart from FGFR2, which is implicated as a tumor suppressor. Recent preclinical evaluations of FGFR3 as a therapeutic target have provided a strong impetus for the development of targeted agents for clinical use.
3D seismic facies classification using convolutional neural network and semi-supervised generative adversarial network (2019)

Seismic facies analysis interprets depositional environment and facies types from the reflection seismic data, an important step in exploration and reservoir characterization. While machine learning methods, especially deep learning models such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been applied to assist interpretation such as salt identification, significant challenges still remain for 3D multi-class seismic facies classification: complex data representation, limited labeled data for training, imbalanced facies class distribution and lack of rigorous performance evaluation mechanism in realistic settings. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of using a supervised CNN and a semi-supervised generative adversarial network (GAN) for 3D facies classification from seismic data and well logs, to overcome these challenges. We assess the performance with varying data representations and in situations with sufficient and limited well data respectively. Unlike previous studies, the 3D facies models in this work were generated from the structural information of an onshore field and calibrated on actual well log data and core analysis and therefore, both our analysis and results provide a realistic and meaningful implication for quantitative seismic interpretation. Presentation Date: Wednesday, September 18, 2019 Session Start Time: 1:50 PM Presentation Start Time: 3:30 PM Location: 301B Presentation Type: Oral
Flexible and Conductive MXene Films and Nanocomposites with High Capacitance (2023)

Two-dimensional transition metal carbides (MXenes) offer a quite unique combination of excellent mechanical properties, hydrophilic surfaces, and metallic conductivity. MXenes, a new family of 2D materials, combine hydrophilic surfaces with metallic conductivity. Delamination of MXene produces single-layer nanosheets with thickness of about a nanometer and lateral size of the order of micrometers. With the exception of graphene, to date, few 2D materials have been made into highly flexible free-standing films with good electrical conductivities. Other 2D materials have been made into free-standing hybrids by the addition of conductive carbon nanotubes or graphene. Ab initio simulations predict elastic moduli along the basal plane to be over 500 GPa for various MXenes, suggesting that they could be useful reinforcements for polymer composites. Their excellent intrinsic conductivity, in combination with their reactive and hydrophilic surfaces, also renders them attractive as fillers in a number of polymers.
En busca de una Estrategia de Seguridad Nacional (2016)

El autor hace un recorrido desde el concepto de defensa nacional hasta alcanzar una vision actualizada de la seguridad nacional, llegando a establecer una original definicion de estrategia de seguridad nacional. Tras demostrar que la globalizacion obliga a establecer estrategias de seguridad nacional e internacional, presenta una clasificacion de los diferentes tipos de seguridad que han ido apareciendo desde el final de la Guerra Fria.

Analiza los diferentes metodos existentes para elaborar las estrategias de defensa y seguridad, asi como las diferentes estructuras de seguridad de los pocos paises que han elaborado estrategias de seguridad nacional y explica los procesos seguidos en su elaboracion.

Finalmente el autor, a partir de todo lo analizado y de su experiencia en estos temas como director del Instituto Espanol de Estudios Estrategicos, propone una nueva metodologia para elaborar estrategias de seguridad nacional para enfrentarse con exito al reto de dotarse de un instrumento fundamental para la seguridad en un mundo globalizado, que requiere un enfoque integral y multidisciplinar donde se incluya la colaboracion publico-privada.
Two-parameter, arbitrary order, exponential approximations for stiff equations (1975)

A two-parameter family of approximations to the exponential function is considered. Constraints on the parameters are determined which guarantee the approximations are <italic>A</italic>-acceptable. The suitability of these approximations for 2-point <italic>A</italic>-stable exponential fitting is established. Several numerical methods, which produce these approximations when solving <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y prime equals lamda y"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> <mml:mo>′</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mi>λ<!-- λ --></mml:mi> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">y’ = \lambda y</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>, are presented.
Sonidegib: Safety and Efficacy in Treatment of Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma (2020)

Hedgehog inhibitors are promising alternative treatments for patients with advanced basal cell carcinomas. Sonidegib (Odomzo<sup>®</sup>), an oral smoothened (SMO) antagonist, is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced basal cell carcinoma (laBCC) who present recurrence following surgery or radiation therapy, or those who are not candidates for surgery or radiotherapy. Several studies and randomized controlled trials have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of this new molecule that has demonstrated a good response rate (44%). Grade 1-2 adverse events have also been reported. Further studies of real-world experiences are needed to better understand the correct management of the drug, alternative dosing regimens, and differences with other hedgehog inhibitors. This article provides a complete overview of the pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of sonidegib and a report of the trials and studies conducted. The most frequent adverse events and their correct management are also discussed.
A fast shot matching strategy for detecting duplicate sequences in a television stream (2005)

This article presents a method for detecting duplicate sequences in a continuous television stream. This is of interest to many applications, including commercials monitoring and video indexing. Repetitions can also be used as a way of structuring television streams by detecting inter-program breaks as a set of duplicate sequences. In this context, we present a shot-based method for detecting repeated sequences efficiently. Experiments show that this fast shot matching strategy allows us to retrieve duplicated shots between a 1 hour long query and a 24 hours database in only 10 ms.
Polyhedral Relaxations for Optimal Pump Scheduling of Potable Water Distribution Networks (2022)

The classic pump scheduling or Optimal Water Flow (OWF) problem for water distribution networks (WDNs) minimizes the cost of power consumption for a given WDN over a fixed time horizon. In its exact form, the OWF is a computationally challenging mixed-integer nonlinear program (MINLP). It is complicated by nonlinear equality constraints that model network physics, discrete variables that model operational controls, and intertemporal constraints that model changes to storage devices. To address the computational challenges of the OWF, this paper develops tight polyhedral relaxations of the original MINLP, derives novel valid inequalities (or cuts) using duality theory, and implements novel optimization-based bound tightening and cut generation procedures. The efficacy of each new method is rigorously evaluated by measuring empirical improvements in OWF primal and dual bounds over forty-five literature instances. The evaluation suggests that our relaxation improvements, model strengthening techniques, and a thoughtfully selected polyhedral relaxation partitioning scheme can substantially improve OWF primal and dual bounds, especially when compared with similar relaxation-based techniques that do not leverage these new methods.
P74 Endometrial cancer: can the iKnife diagnose endometrial cancer? (2019)

<h3>Introduction/Background</h3> Endometrial cancer is the most common gynaecological cancer in the western world with 88’000 new cases diagnosed per year in the European Union. Diagnosis of endometrial cancer is confirmed by histological examination of endometrial curetting’s or outpatient endometrial biopsies e.g. pipelle; but can take up to two weeks. To-date there is no Point-Of-Care (POC) diagnosis available. The intelligent surgical knife (’iKnife’) analyses tissue real-time but has never been used to diagnose endometrial cancer. This study aims to establish whether the iKnife could distinguish between normal and malignant endometrial pipelle biopsy samples based on differences in their lipidomic profiles. <h3>Methodology</h3> Research pipelle biopsy samples were obtained for women needing biopsies for clinical reasons (samples concurrently sent to conventional histopathology). A Waters G2-XS Xevo Q-Tof mass spectrometer (MS) was used in this study in conjunction with a modified handheld diathermy (collectively coined the ‘iKnife’). The resultant surgical aerosol containing ionic species produced during diathermy was then analysed with this technology; producing spectra that are background subtracted, lock mass corrected and in the phospholipid range. Principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were then performed to find the variance in spectral signatures. A leave one patient out cross validation was used to obtain diagnostic accuracy. <h3>Results</h3> 134 pipelle biopsy samples (73 normal and 61 malignant) were obtained. Each tissue sample was processed as described; producing an individual spectrum per burn. The iKnife differentiated between normal and malignant endometrial tissues on the basis of differences in their unique phospholipid spectral signatures. Cross validation revealed a diagnostic accuracy of 80%. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This pilot study is the first to use the iKnife as a tool to differentiate between normal and malignant endometrial pipelle samples. These results are encouraging and suggest that the iKnife could be used as an adjunct in clinic to provide a POC diagnosis. <h3>Disclosure</h3> Nothing to disclose.
Analysis of a novel stage configurable ROPUF design (2017)

Silicon based Physical Unclonable Function (SPUF), a chip level identifier that utilizes the inherent irregular manufacturing process variations, can be extended to Ring Oscillator PUFs (ROPUFs). The ROPUF structure, although promising for FPGA based platforms, is not area efficient in terms of response bit per RO circuit implementation. This paper introduces an area efficient Stage Configurable ROPUF (SCROPUF) design based on XOR gates and a functional block which significantly increases the output frequency comparison pairs. The design is implemented on six Xilinx Artix-7 FPGAs. In this work, the output frequency data from 125 SCROs is evaluated with regard to the following quality factors: uniqueness, uniformity, and bit-aliasing along with the NIST statistical tests for randomness. Also, the average static intra-chip variation is shown to be higher than the noise component signifying higher reliability of the design.
The action of insulin on hepatic fructose 2,6-bisphosphate metabolism. (1983)

The inhibition of hepatocyte 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase by glucagon was suppressed by insulin when the enzyme was measured in crude extracts. However, no effect of either hormone was observed after the removal of allosteric effectors from the enzyme, suggesting that the alterations in activity may be due to changes in the level of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, a potent allosteric activator of the enzyme. Insulin opposed the action of both glucagon and exogenous cyclic AMP to lower fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels. The concentration of glucagon and of cyclic AMP that gave a half-maximal decrease in fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels was increased in the presence of 10 nM insulin from 0.03 to 0.09 nM and from 12 to 36 microM, respectively. Insulin also counteracted the effect of maximal concentrations of epinephrine on fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels. In the presence of 0.02 nM glucagon or 10 microM epinephrine, 10 nM insulin enhanced 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase and decreased fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase activity in (NH4)2SO4-treated hepatocyte extracts. The bifunctional enzyme 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase was shown to be a substrate for the cAMP-dependent protein kinase but not for phosphorylase kinase. It was concluded that insulin opposed the action of glucagon and epinephrine by affecting the phosphorylation state of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase. Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels were decreased in liver cells from diabetic rats. Addition of 30 mM glucose elevated fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels in cells from fed and 24-h-starved rats but not in cells from diabetic rats. This was probably due to decreases in both 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase and glucokinase activity in the diabetic state. These results show that insulin has both short and long term effects on fructose 2,6-bisphosphate metabolism in liver.
Reliable service function chain provisioning in software-defined networking (2017)

A Service Function Chain (SFC) is an ordered Network Function (NF) chain to process flows or packets for the end-to-end delivery of network services. In the context of Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software-Defined Networking, which are promising technologies for next generation networks, the Virtualized Network Function (VNF) can be deployed on either generic physical machines or virtual machines. A challenging problem is to determine where and how to place these VNFs of an SFC request in the network. In this paper, we first formulate this VNFs placement problem as an Integer Linear Programing (ILP) model and then propose an enhanced VNF placing scheme based on layered graphs to achieve better reliability. To improve the reliability, our scheme avoids placing more than one VNF of an SFC on the same node to protect the SFC from a single point of failure. We have conducted a numerical analysis and computer simulation for the feasibility validation of our scheme. The performance results, in terms of end to end delay of SFC and computation time cost on different topologies, show that our scheme performs well in different scenarios.
Modeling effects of sagittal-plane hip joint stiffness on reciprocating gait orthosis-assisted gait (2013)

Upright ambulation is believed to improve quality of life for persons with lower-limb paralysis (LLP). However, ambulatory orthoses for persons with LLP, like reciprocating gait orthoses (RGOs), result in a slow, exhausting gait. Increasing the hip joint stiffness of these devices may improve the efficiency of RGO-assisted gait. The small, diverse population of RGO users makes subject recruitment challenging for clinical investigations. Therefore, we developed a lower-limb paralysis simulator (LLPS) that enabled nondisabled persons to exhibit characteristics of RGO-assisted gait, thereby serving as surrogate models for research. For this study, tests were conducted to determine the effects of increased hip joint stiffness on gait of nondisabled persons walking with the LLPS. A motion capture system, force plates, and spirometer were used to measure the hip flexion, crutch ground reaction forces (GRFs), and oxygen consumption of subjects as they walked with four different hip joint stiffness settings. Increasing the hip joint stiffness decreased hip flexion during ambulation but did not appear to affect the crutch GRFs. Walking speed was observed to initially increase with increases in hip joint stiffness, and then decrease. These findings suggest that increasing hip joint stiffness may increase walking speed for RGO users.
Isomerization of Azetidine Derivatives (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsomerization of Azetidine DerivativesYoshio Iwakura, Aiko Nabeya, Takeshi Nishiguchi, and Yohsuke IchikawaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 10, 3410–3413Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01021a034https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01021a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views176Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nano-Electro-Mechanical (NEM) Relay Devices and Technology for Ultra-Low Energy Digital Integrated Circuits (2012)

Complementary-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) technology scaling has brought about an integrated circuits (IC) revolution over the past 40+ years, due to dramatic increases in IC functionality and performance, concomitant with reductions in cost per function. In the last decade, increasing power density has emerged to be the primary barrier to continued rapid advancement in IC technology, fundamentally due to non-zero transistor off-state leakage. While innovations in materials, transistor structures, and circuit/system architecture have enabled the semiconductor industry to continue to push the boundaries, a fundamental lower limit in energy per operation will eventually be reached. A more ideal switching device with zero off-state leakage becomes necessary.This dissertation proposes a solution to the CMOS power crisis via mechanical computing. Specifically, robust electro-mechanical relay technologies are developed for digital circuit application. A 4-Terminal (4T) relay design is firstly developed. Key technology features include tungsten contacts for high endurance; low-thermal-budget p+-poly-Si&lt;sub&gt;0.4&lt;/sub&gt;Ge&lt;sub&gt;0.6&lt;/sub&gt; structure for post-CMOS process compatibility; Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; as a reliable insulation material; dry release step to mitigate stiction; and folded-flexure design to mitigate the impact of residual stress. Fabricated relays show good conductance (&lt;italic&gt;R&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;sub&gt;ON&lt;/sub&gt; &lt; 10 k&amp;#8486;), abrupt switching behavior (sub-threshold swing below 0.1 mV/dec), and virtually zero leakage (&lt;italic&gt;I&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;sub&gt;OFF&lt;/sub&gt; ~ 10&lt;super&gt;-14&lt;/super&gt; A). Switching delay in the 100 ns range and endurance exceeding 10&lt;super&gt;9&lt;/super&gt; on/off cycles is achieved with excellent device yield (&gt; 95%). With relay design and process optimizations, pull-in voltage below 10 V with less than 1 V hysteresis is achieved. Miniaturization reduces the device footprint to 35&amp;#956;mÃ50&amp;#956;m, ~10% of the first generation device footprint (120&amp;#956;mÃ150&amp;#956;m). Relays with multiple source/drain electrodes and multiple gate electrodes are proposed for increased circuit functionality and reduced device count.Finally, simple relay-based logic circuits are demonstrated to show pathways to relay-based digital integrated circuits. The complementary inverter is the basis for all digital logic circuits and is investigated in depth. Relay-based logic gates are demonstrated using CMOS-like and relay-specific design approaches. Multi-input/multi-output relays are proposed to enable any complex logic function to be implemented compactly with only two relays.