gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NeuroLines: A Subway Map Metaphor for Visualizing Nanoscale Neuronal Connectivity (2014)

We present NeuroLines, a novel visualization technique designed for scalable detailed analysis of neuronal connectivity at the nanoscale level. The topology of 3D brain tissue data is abstracted into a multi-scale, relative distance-preserving subway map visualization that allows domain scientists to conduct an interactive analysis of neurons and their connectivity. Nanoscale connectomics aims at reverse-engineering the wiring of the brain. Reconstructing and analyzing the detailed connectivity of neurons and neurites (axons, dendrites) will be crucial for understanding the brain and its development and diseases. However, the enormous scale and complexity of nanoscale neuronal connectivity pose big challenges to existing visualization techniques in terms of scalability. NeuroLines offers a scalable visualization framework that can interactively render thousands of neurites, and that supports the detailed analysis of neuronal structures and their connectivity. We describe and analyze the design of NeuroLines based on two real-world use-cases of our collaborators in developmental neuroscience, and investigate its scalability to large-scale neuronal connectivity data.
Three-Component, Stereoselective Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Functionalized Bicyclopentanoids (2004)

1,5-Cyclooctadiene can be stereoselectively transformed into a substituted bicyclo[3.3.0]octane ring system under palladium catalysis with concomitant formation of three carbon-carbon bonds. Reaction with an aryl iodide or triflate and malonate gives an exo-endo product, while the reaction with a malonate in the presence of oxygen affords a bis-endo adduct.
A continuous‐time inverse operator for groundwater and contaminant transport modeling: Deterministic case (1990)

The value of time‐dependent data in the calibration of numerical models of groundwater flow has been recently highlighted in the literature. In this paper the background for a new development in the inverse problem is placed, and a new operator for inversion of the spatially discretized diffusion equation is introduced. The motivation for the development of an inverse problem solution procedure which uses information in transient data is illustrated with a focused review of recent literature. Such an approach which implicitly incorporates the continuous‐time dependency of the flow model is then presented. This approach is based upon the new concept of inverting the model after the (for example, finite element) spatial discretization but before the (typically) finite difference temporal discretization of the model, not afterward, as has been done in the past. The Laplace transform is used to replace discretization in time of the system of ordinary differential equations to discretization in the Laplace variable of the algebraic system in Laplace space. The existence of the deterministic solution in the Laplace transform space does not require knowledge of the eigenvalues of the diffusion matrix but only the specification of the Laplace variables near zero. A simple numerical example from the literature is used to generate a set of three simplified test cases, upon which the proposed method is tested. The implications of the theoretical investigation and the results of the numerical experiments are discussed with a view toward prospects of practical implementation.
The roles for a Lewis base and MgCl2 in third-generation Ziegler-Natta catalysts (1998)

Activity of a titanium catalyst supported on a bimetallic magnesium–aluminium system, involving a Lewis base [MgCl2(THF)2/Al(C2H5)2Cl], was studied in ethylene polymerization, and the effect of the catalyst composition on the properties of the final polymer produced was investigated. Analysis and discussion of the findings covering also some part of the kinetic study, resulted in defining the roles for MgCl2 and a Lewis base in the third-generation Ziegler-Natta catalysts. MgCl2 forms a bimetallic complex with an organoaluminium compound, which involves also a Lewis base. Its reaction with TiCl4 yields a very active catalyst wherein the Mg : Ti molar ratio is close to 1. This means that MgCl2 is involved in creating catalytic active sites. The structure of these catalytic sites were suggested. Hence, the role for MgCl2 can be twofold: it is a component of a catalytic active site, and it is a support if Mg : Ti > 5. It was found in the study that the catalytic function of MgCl2 can be maintained while its supporting function can be omitted. Thus, MgCl2 can be substituted for Al2O3 and the catalytic system obtained will have the same activity. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 1005–1011, 1998
Design of an I/O balancing file system on Web server clusters (2002)

The paper presents the design of an I/O balancing file system on Web server clusters. High-speed networks allow machines to access remote data nearly as quickly as they can access local data. This trend motivates the introduction of an I/O balancing mechanism into cluster file systems. Two effective approaches are issued in the paper: file migration and unique cache. The former is to migrate the files from congested nodes to those uncongested ones to balance the I/O load among the cluster system. And the latter is to integrate the memory and disk cache to form a global memory-disk file cache. It extracts the ideas of cooperative cache and file replication to improve the file system performance. Also unique cache balances the I/O load at the file cache level. We can conclude that TH-CluFS is a suitable file system for Web server clusters.
Yarrowia lipolytica Strains and Their Biotechnological Applications: How Natural Biodiversity and Metabolic Engineering Could Contribute to Cell Factories Improvement (2021)

Among non-conventional yeasts of industrial interest, the dimorphic oleaginous yeast <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i> appears as one of the most attractive for a large range of white biotechnology applications, from heterologous proteins secretion to cell factories process development. The past, present and potential applications of wild-type, traditionally improved or genetically modified <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i> strains will be resumed, together with the wide array of molecular tools now available to genetically engineer and metabolically remodel this yeast. The present review will also provide a detailed description of <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i> strains and highlight the natural biodiversity of this yeast, a subject little touched upon in most previous reviews. This work intends to fill this gap by retracing the genealogy of the main <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i> strains of industrial interest, by illustrating the search for new genetic backgrounds and by providing data about the main publicly available strains in yeast collections worldwide. At last, it will focus on exemplifying how advances in engineering tools can leverage a better biotechnological exploitation of the natural biodiversity of <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i> and of other yeasts from the <i>Yarrowia</i> clade.
Reduction Mammaplasty Reduces Lumbar Spine Net Joint Forces and Improves Self-Reported Function In Individuals with Macromastia (2009)

Foreman, K. B.; Rockwell, Bradford K.; Droge, John; Carson, Randy; Homer, Heather; Dibble, Lee Author Information
Implementation of Vehicle to Grid Infrastructure Using Fuzzy Logic Controller (2012)

With high penetration of electric vehicles (EVs), stability of the electric grid becomes a challenging task. A greater penetration level would demand a proper coordination amongst the various EVs as they charge or discharge to the grid. Coordination here refers to controlling the charging and discharging patterns of different EVs depending on their individual battery states and the present grid condition. Therefore, a good coordination between EVs is required for making the grid stable. With high penetration of EVs, the vehicle to grid (V2G) concept can be explored where excess energy of the battery can be supplied back to the grid in controlled fashion. Discharging EVs' battery energy to the grid in coordination can make V2G utilization as distributed energy storage. Charging EVs in coordination can flatten the voltage profile of a distribution node. In this work, a typical distribution system of a city is modeled to demonstrate V2G capabilities such as meeting peak demand and voltage sag reduction. The simulation of the distribution system with V2G capabilities are tested using fuzzy logic controller (FLC). Two controllers have been developed, namely the charging station controller and the V2G controller. Together they decide the proper energy flow between the EVs and the grid. Energy discharge to the grid from EVs or energy required for charging EVs is controlled and tested for the real time scenario.
Topological simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM): toward exact localization without explicit localization (2001)

This paper presents a new method for simultaneous localization and mapping that exploits the topology of the robot's free space to localize the robot on a partially constructed map. The topology of the environment is encoded in a topological map; the particular topological map used in this paper is the generalized Voronoi graph (GVG), which also encodes some metric information about the robot's environment, as well. In this paper, we present the low-level control laws that generate the GVG edges and nodes, thereby allowing for exploration of an unknown space. With these prescribed control laws, the GVG can be viewed as an arbitrator for a hybrid control system that determines when to invoke a particular low-level controller from a set of controllers all working toward the high-level capability of mobile robot exploration. The main contribution, however, is using the graph structure of the GVG, via a graph matching process, to localize the robot. Experimental results verify the described work.
Queen Rearing in Apis Cerana:Training Resource Book (2004)

This manual was prepared in Nepali. It provides background information on Apis cerana management and the reasons for rearing queen bees, together with a detailed description of the method illustrated with large numbers of diagrams and photos. The rearing of queen bees enables farmers to improve the quality and productivity of domesticated colonies and can be an income generation method in its own right.
FLOW ANALYSIS OF THE IMPINGEMENT OF A VARIABLE-DIAMETER SYNTHETIC JET (2019)

Synthetic jets have been used for impingement heat transfer in compact electronics cooling. A novel form of synthetic jet uses a time-varying diameter, which can produce increased momentum flow and heat transfer when compared to fixed-diameter devices with the same average size, De. This benefit was most significant over an axial range relatively close to the exit, corresponding to nondimensional positions, x/De, from 1 to 3. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was applied to examine the flow mechanisms behind this behavior, using both time-averaged and phase-averaged analysis. In the time average, the variable-diameter jet produces a concentrated jet with more significant entrainment, exceeding its fixed-diameter counterpart by a factor of nearly four. Over the actuation cycle, phase-averaged flow fields display a larger, more concentrated vortex ring, which increases the maximum speed, vorticity, and circulation. The vortex ring travels across the impingement distance nearly twice as fast with a variable diameter, though, so it only has an effect during a brief portion of the actuation cycle. This indicates that the device position must be selected carefully, as its benefits will be most significant when placed close to the target.
Intrahepatic human islet transplantation at the University of Pittsburgh: results in 25 consecutive cases. (1992)

In patients with type I diabetes, insulin production by pancreatic islets declines until several years after onset, and the majority have no demonstrable endogenous insulin secretion due to relentless autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing B cells. Before 1990, the lack of any successful islet cell transplants in humans was frustrating. With new developments in the techniques used to isolate and purify islets from the human pancreas, short and prolonged insulin independence has been reported following human islet transplantation in man. We report herein our initial experience in human islet allo- and autotransplantation in 25 patients.
Analysis of low-field isotropic vortex glass containing vortex groups in YBa2Cu3O7−x thin films visualized by scanning SQUID microscopy (2015)

Abstract The glass-like vortex distribution in pulsed laser deposited YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 − x thin films is observed by scanning superconducting quantum interference device microscopy and analysed for ordering after cooling in magnetic fields significantly smaller than the Earth's field. Autocorrelation calculations on this distribution show a weak short-range positional order, while Delaunay triangulation shows a near-complete lack of orientational order. The distribution of these vortices is finally characterised as an isotropic vortex glass. Abnormally closely spaced groups of vortices, which are statistically unlikely to occur, are observed above a threshold magnetic field. The origin of these groups is discussed, but will require further investigation.
Specific inhibition of human DNA ligase adenylation by a distamycin derivative possessing antitumor activity (1991)

The antiviral distamycin A and its phenyl mustard derivative FCE24517 possessing antitumor activity were tested for their ability to inhibit macromolecular synthesis in three human and one murine cell line. While distamycin A was poorly active in these systems, FCE24517 inhibited DNA synthesis efficiently, RNA synthesis to a lower extent and had little effect on protein synthesis. These findings suggest that the in vivo activity of FCE24517 derives from the specific inhibition of DNA synthesis. When the two drugs were tested on several enzymes involved in human DNA metabolism a strikingly similar pattern of inhibition appeared, with distamycin A being the more potent. Both drugs showed: A), no inhibitory activity against thymidine kinase and DNA primase; B), low activity against DNA topoisomerases I and II and the 3'-5' exonuclease associated with the DNA polymerase epsilon; C), high activity against DNA polymerases alpha and epsilon, uracil-DNA glycosylase and the joining activity of the replicative DNA ligase; D), the highest inhibitory activity against the AMP-dependent DNA relaxing activity of DNA ligase. The strong in vitro inhibition of several DNA enzymatic activities, including DNA ligase, do not match with the in vivo activities of the two drugs. However a unique difference was observed: only FCE24517 inhibited the DNA-independent reaction of adenylation of human DNA ligase while the adenylation reaction of T4 and E. coli DNA ligase was unaffected by either drug. It is still unclear whether these properties are relevant for modulating the killing activity of FCE24517 against proliferating cells both in culture and in vivo. Nevertheless FCE24517 is the first known molecule capable of interacting directly and specifically with human DNA ligase.
Visualization of Culprit Perforators in Anterolateral Pontine Infarction: High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study (2017)

Using 3-Tesla HR-MRI may allow visualization of the perforating branches presumably related to ALPI. Identification of the relevant cerebral perforating arteries may help us to understand the stroke mechanism in patients with posterior circulation territory infarction.
Use of a strontium-enriched calcium phosphate cement in accelerating the healing of soft-tissue tendon graft within the bone tunnel in a rabbit model of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (2013)

We investigated whether strontium-enriched calcium phosphate cement (Sr-CPC)-treated soft-tissue tendon graft results in accelerated healing within the bone tunnel in reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). A total of 30 single-bundle ACL reconstructions using tendo Achillis allograft were performed in 15 rabbits. The graft on the tested limb was treated with Sr-CPC, whereas that on the contralateral limb was untreated and served as a control. At timepoints three, six, nine, 12 and 24 weeks after surgery, three animals were killed for histological examination. At six weeks, the graft-bone interface in the control group was filled in with fibrovascular tissue. However, the gap in the Sr-CPC group had already been completely filled in with new bone, and there was evidence of the early formation of Sharpey fibres. At 24 weeks, remodelling into a normal ACL-bone-like insertion was found in the Sr-CPC group. Coating of Sr-CPC on soft tissue tendon allograft leads to accelerated graft healing within the bone tunnel in a rabbit model of ACL reconstruction using Achilles tendon allograft.
Multiband Diversity Antenna Performance Study for Mobile Phones (2007)

Spatial diversity is a popular multiple antenna system technique, due to its simplicity in implementation. However, its application has thus far been limited to systems where the electrical separation between adjacent antennas typically exceeds half a wavelength. This is because a more compact design induces higher antenna correlation and impedance mismatch, which results in lower diversity gains. In this paper, the performance of a compact multiband diversity antenna is investigated in both simulations and measurements. The dual-antenna structure is designed for the future WCDMA bands of WCDMA850, WCDMA1800 and 3G EU (UMTS), where the antenna separation at the WCDMA850 band is 0.24*wavelength. The measured results indicate that an average effective diversity gain of 7.3 dB at the 1% probability level can be achieved for the three bands.
Aseptic Peritonitis Revealed Through Recurrent Catheter Obstructions in Type 1 Diabetic Patients Treated with Continuous Peritoneal Insulin Infusion (2004)

Reiterated catheter obstructions thwart improved diabetes control with continuous peritoneal insulin infusion (CPII) from implantable pumps (1). Occlusions, from either fibrin clots or omental encapsulations, are promoted by CPII and diabetes duration and insulin instability (2,3). Pathological analysis of encapsulation tissues disclosed, among predominant collagen fibrosis, inflammatory reactions, including lymphocytes and amyloid-like deposits reacting to anti-insulin antibodies, surrounded by histiocytes or giant cells (2). However, catheter obstructions were not related to high plasma anti-insulin antibody levels (4,5). Enhanced migration toward insulin and the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine of monocyte-issued macrophages from three patients with previous catheter encapsulations suggested that higher macrophage chemotaxis might promote these events (5). We report two unique observations of …
Abstract 1815: Genome-wide analysis of the molecular crosstalk between mitogenic and proinflammatory signaling in breast cancer. (2013)

Abstract The interplay between mitogenic (e.g., estradiol) and proinflammatory (e.g., TNFα) signaling pathways play key roles in determining the phenotypes and clinical outcomes of breast cancers. Both pathways promote dramatic changes in the transcriptomes of breast cancer cells, as well as downstream cellular effects, but the interplay between these two pathways at the transcriptional level has not yet been analyzed in a comprehensive way across the genome. We have used global nuclear run-on coupled with deep sequencing (GRO-seq), a genomic method that maps the location and orientation of all actively engaged RNA polymerases, to characterize the immediate transcriptional responses of MCF-7 breast cancer cells treated for short durations (40 min.) with either estradiol (E2), TNFα, or both. In addition, we have integrated these data with chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) for both estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), which mediates E2 signaling, and the p65 subunit of the NF-κB transcription factor, which mediates TNFα signaling. Our results indicate extensive transcriptional interplay between these two signaling pathways, which is observed for a number of classical mitogenic and proinflammatory protein-coding genes. In addition, GRO-seq has allowed us to capture the transcriptional crosstalk at genomic locations encoding for long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a poorly characterized class of RNAs which have been shown to play important roles in cancer outcomes. The synergistic and antagonistic interplay between E2 and TNFα also manifests itself at the level of ERα and p65 binding, which relocalize to new binding sites that are not occupied by either treatment alone. Taken together, our results identify rapid, signal-dependent transcriptional changes that occur during proliferative signaling versus inflammatory signaling and show that these effects are more extensive than previously anticipated. Uncovering the transcriptional landscape of these two important pathways outside of the protein coding regions of the genome may lead to new ways of diagnosing and treating breast cancer. Citation Format: Hector L. Franco, Anusha Nagari, W. Lee Kraus. Genome-wide analysis of the molecular crosstalk between mitogenic and proinflammatory signaling in breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1815. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1815
Trade-offs in designing ICT platforms for independent living services (2015)

Bringing independent living services to market requires common service platforms that connect service providers to elderly people and informal carers. Realizing such common service platforms is challenging as issues like organizing model, openness, governance and subsidization models have to be decided upon. This paper elicits trade-offs in designing ICT platforms for independent living services by developing three generic value network configurations. We do so through an action design research project in which series of workshops and stakeholder interviews are done. Analysis of the case suggests several core dilemmas for realizing ICT platforms for independent living services. Besides contributing to academic theories on ICT platforms, we also provide practical recommendations on how to realize the potential of independent living.
The Essential Role of Single Ig IL-1 Receptor-Related Molecule/Toll IL-1R8 in Regulation of Th2 Immune Response (2009)

A novel cytokine IL-33, an IL-1 family member, signals via ST2 receptor and promotes Th2 responses, through the activation of NF-kappaB and MAP kinases. Previous studies reported that single Ig IL-1R-related molecule (SIGIRR)/Toll IL-1R8 acts as negative regulator for TLR-IL-1R-mediated signaling. We now found that SIGIRR formed a complex with ST2 upon IL-33 stimulation and specifically inhibited IL-33/ST2-mediated signaling in cell culture model. Furthermore, IL-33-induced Th2 response was enhanced in SIGIRR-deficient mice compared with that in wild-type control mice, suggesting a negative regulatory role of SIGIRR in IL-33/ST2 signaling in vivo. Similar to ST2, SIGIRR was highly expressed in in vitro polarized Th2 cells, but not Th1 cells. SIGIRR-deficient Th2 cells produce higher levels of Th2 cytokines, including IL-5, IL-4, and IL-13, than that in wild-type cells. Moreover, SIGIRR-deficient mice developed stronger Th2 immune response in OVA-challenged asthma model. Taken together, our results suggest that SIGIRR plays an important role in the regulation of Th2 response in vivo, possibly through its impact on IL-33-ST2-mediated signaling.