gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the Role of Different Adsorption and Reaction Sites on Supported Nanoparticles during a Catalytic Reaction:  NO Decomposition on a Pd/Alumina Model Catalyst (2004)

We have studied the catalytic decomposition of NO on a structurally well-defined Pd model catalyst, employing a combination of molecular beam techniques and time-resolved IR reflection absorption spectroscopy (TR-IRAS). In a first step, different active sites such as facets and edges/defects on the catalyst nanoparticles are identified spectroscopically. Subsequently, these spectroscopic signatures are utilized to monitor the site occupation by reactant species (NO) and products (atomic oxygen and nitrogen) under reaction conditions. Simultaneously, the kinetics of NO dissociation is investigated. It is found that atomic nitrogen and oxygen species are initially formed in the vicinity of edge or defect sites. At temperatures up to 300 K, the mobility of these atomic species is suppressed, whereas at higher temperature, diffusion onto the (111) facets of the particles can occur. It is shown both by IR spectroscopy of adsorbed NO under reaction conditions and by control experiments using CO as a probe molecule that nitrogen and oxygen species preferentially occupy particle edge and defect sites. By means of molecular beam CO titration experiments and TR-IRAS, it is demonstrated that the presence of these atomic species critically controls the NO dissociation activity. Specifically, the presence of strongly bound nitrogen in the vicinity of edge and defect sites gives rise to an enhanced dissociation probability under conditions of high adsorbate coverage.
Applications of error-control coding (1998)

An overview of the many practical applications of channel coding theory in the past 50 years is presented. The following application areas are included: deep space communication, satellite communication, data transmission, data storage, mobile communication, file transfer, and digital audio/video transmission. Examples, both historical and current, are given that typify the different approaches used in each application area. Although no attempt is made to be comprehensive in the coverage, the examples chosen clearly illustrate the richness, variety, and importance of error-control coding methods in modern digital applications.
The Synthesis and X-ray Crystal Structure of 6-Bromo-2,4,4-Trimethyl-Cyclohex-2-Enone (2003)

Regiospecific bromination of 2,4,4-trimethyl-cyclohex-2-enone was achieved and the X-ray crystal structure of 6-bromo-2,4,4-trimethyl-cyclohex-2-enone is presented.
Three-Dimensional Object Matching in Mobile Laser Scanning Point Clouds (2014)

This letter presents a 3-D object matching framework to support information extraction directly from 3-D point clouds. The problem of 3-D object matching is to match a template, represented by a group of 3-D points, to a point cloud scene containing an instance of that object. A locally affine-invariant geometric constraint is proposed to effectively handle affine transformations, occlusions, incompleteness, and scales in 3-D point clouds. The 3-D object matching framework is integrated into 3-D correspondence computation, 3-D object detection, and point cloud object classification in mobile laser scanning (MLS) point clouds. Experimental results obtained using the 3-D point clouds acquired by a RIEGL VMX-450 system showed that completeness, correctness, and quality of over 0.96, 0.94, and 0.91 are achieved, respectively, with the proposed framework in 3-D object detection. Comparative studies demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the two existing methods for detecting 3-D objects directly from large-volume MLS point clouds.
Novel semiconductor substrate formed by hydrogen ion implantation into silicon (1989)

A high resistivity layer formed beneath the silicon surface by using protons implantation and two-step annealing is described. Experiment shows that the surface Hall mobility of top layer has increased by 26%. This novel substrate challenges to GaAs (advantages of speed) and opens a new road for the realization of very high speed integrated circuits.
The scent fingerprint of hepatocarcinoma: in-vitro metastasis prediction with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (2012)

The presented results constitute a proof-of-concept for the in-vitro prediction of the metastatic potential of HCC from VOC fingerprints using nanotechnology. Further studies on a larger number of more diverse cell cultures are needed to evaluate the robustness of the VOC patterns. These findings could benefit the development of a fast and potentially inexpensive laboratory test for subclinical HCC metastasis.
1,2‐Cycloaddition of Haloalkenes to Conjugated Fatty Esters (1968)

Abstract We have studied the reaction of 1,1‐dichloro‐2,2‐difluoro‐, chlorotrifluoro‐, and tetrafluoro‐ethylenes and also hexafluoropropylene with cis , trans and trans,trans isomers of conjugated methyl octadecadienoate. Reactions gave 50‐82% yields of cycloaddition products. The pre‐ponderance of products with a cyclobutane struc‐ture and a double bond a,β to the cyclobutane ring was shown by IR and NMR spectra. Reactions were carried out in diluent with hy‐droquinone inhibitor at autogenous pressure and a temperature of 200C for 5 hr. The distilled adducts are colorless liquids with viscosities rang‐ing from 11 to 19 centistokes at 100F. These products and their hydrogenated derivatives ex‐hibit low pour points (down to ‐76F) and may be useful as low‐temperature plasticizers or lubricant additives.
Exhibit Reviews (2014)

Fetish Modernity (Museum of Ethnography, Stockholm) Remaking an Ethnographic Museum in Cologne (The New Rautenstrauch-Joest Museum—Cultures of the World) The George W. Bush Presidential Center (Dallas, Texas) Moving on Asia: Towards a New Art Network 2004–2013 (Gallery LOOP, Seoul, and City Gallery Wellington) L'Art Nouveau: La Révolution Décorative and Tamara de Lempicka (La Reine de l'Art Déco, Pinacothèque de Paris) Staatliches Museum Ägyptischer Kunst, Glyptothek, and Alte Pinakothek, Munich Tangible Splendor: The Chi Chang Yuan Collection of Lacquer with Mother-of-Pearl Inlay (National Museum of History, Taipei) First Peoples (Bunjilaka Aboriginal Cultural Centre, Melbourne Museum Linda Young) The National Museum of Archaeology, Anthropology and History, and the National Museum of Peruvian Culture, Lima David Bowie Is (Victoria and Albert Museum, London, Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, and Martin-Gropius-Bau, Berlin)
Milli-HRG inertial sensor assembly – a reality (2015)

The Hemispherical Resonator Gyro (HRG) has proven itself to be an ultra-reliable technology for space application with over 30 million operation hours and 100% mission success. Northrop Grumman Advanced Navigation Systems is developing a small size and lightweight terrestrial inertial sensor assembly (ISA) based on the HRG approach. This ISA will be the core of future inertial measurement unit (IMU) and inertial navigation system (INS) product lines.
Larger hypothalamic volume in narcolepsy type 1 (2023)

In conclusion, patients with post-H1N1 NT1 showed significantly larger hypothalamic volume than controls, in particular in the tubular-inferior subregions which could reflect several processes as previous studies have indicated neuroinflammation, gliosis, and changes in the numbers of different cell types.
Energy Source Selection for Stirling Engine Driven AUV's (1992)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Many non-renewable land-based resources are becoming depleted and the search for alternative sources of raw materials is intensifying. This situation has lead to the involvement of a number of countries, especially those of the European Community, in heavily funded &lt;i&gt;‘Wealth from the Oceans’&lt;/i&gt; projects. A significant element of the research being conducted under the auspices of these projects is concerned with the development of small unmanned and untethered autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). To carry out their intended autonomous missions these vehicles will need reliable power systems which have high energy densities. However, although research into navigation, control and command systems has progressed considerably under this development effort, only limited headway has been made in the development of power systems which could be readily integrated into these vessels.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Electrochemical power systems have been used in underwater applications for a number of years but those presently available cannot meet the rigorous specifications demanded by AUV missions. Consequently high performance fuel cells and advanced battery systems are being developed which should be generally available within the next ten years. Until then, power systems based on the utilisation of the more mature heat engine technologies appear to offer the possibility of a quicker solution to the energy density problem.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Of the heat engine types available the Stirling Engine, already proven in larger submarines, shows considerable promise. One of the main reasons for the selection of the Stirling engine is it's ability to utilise any heat source, such as radioisotopes, thermal energy storage and metallic fuels. In this paper a project is described in which the design requirements for a Stirling engine driven AUV have been examined together with the identification of the most suitable primary energy source for a specific mission. As part of this project a user-friendly PC-based computer program has been developed which allows rapid assessments of the use of different energy sources with a double-acting Stirling for user defined missions. The structure and use of this code is discussed.&lt;/div&gt;
A circuit technology for a self-refresh 16 Mb DRAM with less than 0.5 μA/MB data-retention current (1995)

A 16M self-refresh DRAM achieving less than 0.5 /spl mu/A per megabyte data retention current has been developed. Several techniques to achieve low retention current, including a relaxed junction biasing (RTB) scheme, a plate-floating leakage-monitoring (PFM) system, and a V/sub BB/ pull-down word-line driver (PDWD) are described. An extension of data-retention time by three-fold and the refresh timer period by 30-fold over previously reported self-refresh DRAMs has been achieved. This results in a reduction of the ac refresh-current to less than 0.4 /spl mu/A per megabyte. Furthermore, the addition of a gate-received V/sub BB/ detector (GRD) reduces dc retention current to less than 0.1 /spl mu/A per megabyte. This allows a 20-megabyte RAM disk to retain data for 2.5 years when powered by a single button-shaped 190-mAh lithium battery.
RUBELLA ANTIBODY DETERMINATIONS (1967)

Four methods were used to determine rubella antibody titers in patients with acquired and congenital rubella and in gamma-globulin. These methods include hemagglutination inhibition (HI), neutralization (Neut), fluorescence (FA), and complement fixation (CF). With acquired rubella, all four methods showed a rapid development of antibody shortly after the occurrence of rash. Maximum titers appeared within a few weeks, following which HI and CF titers began to decrease and the FA tests showed a weakening of fluorescence. HI titers were four- to sixteenfold higher than Neut, FA, and CF levels. Ten or 20 years after rubella, HI, Neut, and FA tests continued to show detectable antibody but half of the patients no longer had CF antibody. HI titers were still higher than Neut and FA but were considerably lower than convalescent levels. There was complete agreement between HI and Neut tests in the detection of antibody in young adults. For congenital rubella, HI, Neut, and FA antibody persisted in the affected children at least through adolescence. HI and CF antibody increased occasionally during the period 8 to 12 months after birth. Gamma-globulin titers with the HI and Neut methods were in close agreement. Convalescent rubella gamma-globulin gave titers two- to fourfold higher than standard commercial gamma-globulin. Variations in the HA and HI tests were caused by modification of the method of treatment of the antigen, the concentration of red cells used, the size of the test (macro versus micro), the pH of the test, and the treatment of sera. The most significant effects were related to the treatment used to eliminate nonspecific inhibitors in the sera. Improper treatment can give false negative or false positive tests. When properly performed and appropriately controlled, the HI test gives results essentially identical to the Neut method, although the titers are consistently higher than the Neut test. This new method, then, is rapid and convenient for obtaining reliable information on the antibody status and susceptibility of patients.
SimTester (2012)

In software for embedded systems, the frequent use of interrupts for timing, sensing, and I/O processing can cause concurrency faults to occur due to interactions between applications, device drivers, and interrupt handlers. This type of fault is considered by many practitioners to be among the most difficult to detect, isolate, and correct, in part because it can be sensitive to execution interleavings and often occurs without leaving any observable incorrect output. As such, commonly used testing techniques that inspect program outputs to detect failures are often ineffective at detecting them. To test for these concurrency faults, test engineers need to be able to control interleavings so that they are deterministic. Furthermore, they also need to be able to observe faults as they occur instead of relying on observable incorrect outputs. In this paper, we introduce SimTester, a framework that allows engineers to effectively test for subtle and non-deterministic concurrency faults by providing them with greater controllability and observability. We implemented our framework on a commercial virtual platform that is widely used to support hardware/software co-designs to promote ease of adoption. We then evaluated its effectiveness by using it to test for data races and deadlocks. The result shows that our framework can be effective and efficient at detecting these faults.
Toward AUV survey design for optimal coverage and localization using the Cramer Rao Lower Bound (2009)

This paper discusses an approach to using the Cramer Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) as a trajectory design tool for autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) visual navigation. We begin with a discussion of Fisher Information as a measure of the lower bound of uncertainty in a simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) pose-graph. Treating the AUV trajectory as an non-random parameter, the Fisher information is calculated from the CRLB derivation, and depends only upon path geometry and sensor noise. The effect of the trajectory design parameters are evaluated by calculating the CRLB with different parameter sets. Next, optimal survey parameters are selected to improve the overall coverage rate while maintaining an acceptable level of localization precision for a fixed number of pose samples. The utility of the CRLB as a design tool in pre-planning an AUV survey is demonstrated using a synthetic data set for a boustrophedon survey. In this demonstration, we compare the CRLB of the improved survey plan with that of an actual previous hull-inspection survey plan of the USS Saratoga. Survey optimality is evaluated by measuring the overall coverage area and CRLB localization precision for a fixed number of nodes in the graph. We also examine how to exploit prior knowledge of environmental feature distribution in the survey plan.
Support mechanism for the collaboration between humans and agents in network management tasks (2017)

Collaboration between humans and agents is an attractive solution for some severe works such as disaster response. Although many organizations are introducing chat-based interfaces for the conversation with the systems, it assumes a fixed relationship between the customers and the agents. In this study, we propose a support mechanism for the collaboration between humans and agents in the scenario of recovery from the fault in the network and system using autonomic network management systems based on the software agent framework. Through the experiments of collaboration in the tasks, we acquired some requirements to provide the effective support to them.
Design considerations of phase-locked loop systems for spread spectrum clock generation compatibility (2002)

A technique was proposed which reduces the radiated emissions of a digital clock signal and its associated harmonics by as much as 10-20 dB, depending on frequency. This technique, referred to as spread spectrum clock generation (SSCG), reduces the radiated emissions associated with a clock signal by modulating the signal with a unique waveform. This technique can be used with minimal consideration when used in a system that does not utilize frequency dependent devices such as a phase-locked loop (PLL). For those designs which incorporate a PLL, attention must be given to the design of the PLL in order to minimize clock skew while at the same time maintain maximum attenuation of emissions. This paper presents design considerations and modeling techniques that an EMC engineer should consider when implementing SSCG in PLL based systems.
Fully Differential Current-Mode CMOS Triode Translinear Multiplier (2010)

A novel fully differential current-mode multiplier based on a translinear (TL) loop is presented. The transistors that form the TL loop are working in the triode region, and a novel biasing scheme is used, allowing operation in two quadrants. The biasing circuitry is designed using simple current conveyors and a common-mode control circuit. Measurement results for a chip fabricated in a 0.5- <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\mu\hbox{m}$ </tex></formula> CMOS technology are shown to demonstrate the feasibility of the technique. Furthermore, an analysis of second-order effects is also reported.
Suppression of human lymphocyte responses by oral spirochetes: a monocyte-dependent phenomenon. (1984)

Spirochetes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several human infections including syphilis, yaws, Lyme disease, and periodontal diseases. We examined soluble sonic extracts of oral spirochetes (Treponema denticola and T. vincentii) for their ability to alter human lymphocyte function. These organisms were isolated from subgingival plaque of patients with periodontitis. We found that sonicates of several but not all strains of T. denticola caused a dose-dependent inhibition of human lymphocyte responsiveness to Con A, PHA, PWM, and the recall antigen SKSD. Suppression involved alterations in DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis; there was no effect on cell viability. In contrast, sonicates of T. vincentii (medium-sized spirochetes) had no demonstrable effects on lymphocyte activation. The suppressive factor derived from T. denticola is heat-labile with a m.w. of approximately 100,000. To achieve maximal suppression, sonicates had to be added during the first 24 hr of incubation; there was no inhibition observed when added at 48 or 72 hr (along with 3H-TdR). Suppression was dependent on the presence of adherent monocytes; removal of these cells prevented spirochete-induced suppression of lymphocyte proliferation. Furthermore, the combination of indomethacin and catalase were able to reverse (or prevent) the inhibitory effects of the spirochete extracts, demonstrating a requirement for both prostaglandins and hydrogen peroxide. The potential role of such suppressive factors in periodontal disease is discussed.
Atmospheric neutrino oscillation analysis with external constraints in Super-Kamiokande I-IV (2018)

An analysis of atmospheric neutrino data from all four run periods of Super-Kamiokande optimized for sensitivity to the neutrino mass hierarchy is presented. Confidence intervals for $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}{m}_{32}^{2}$, ${\mathrm{sin}}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{23}$, ${\mathrm{sin}}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{13}$ and ${\ensuremath{\delta}}_{CP}$ are presented for normal neutrino mass hierarchy and inverted neutrino mass hierarchy hypotheses, based on atmospheric neutrino data alone. Additional constraints from reactor data on ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{13}$ and from published binned T2K data on muon neutrino disappearance and electron neutrino appearance are added to the atmospheric neutrino fit to give enhanced constraints on the above parameters. Over the range of parameters allowed at 90% confidence level, the normal mass hierarchy is favored by between 91.9% and 94.5% based on the combined Super-Kamiokande plus T2K result.
CoCo (2003)

In recent years instruction code compression/decompression technologies have emerged as an efficient way to a) reduce the memory usage of an embedded system, b) to improve performance through effectively higher bandwidths and/or to c) reduce the overall power consumption of a system processing compressed code. We have presented efficient code compression/decompression techniques and architectures in the past. For the commercialization phase, we designed a novel hardware/software code compression/decompression platform (CoCo). It consists of a software platform that prepares, optimizes, compresses and compiles instruction code and a generic, parameterizable FPGA-based hardware architecture in form of a hardware platform that allows to rapidly evaluate prototypes of diverse compression/decompression technologies. We show the flexibility of CoCo, its ability to achieve code compression ratios (parameterizable) of up to 50% with a slight system performance gain and its ability to apply compression on real-world compiled code without any limitations where others have made implicit software-restrictive assumptions.
Compiler Manipulation of Stream Descriptors for Data Access Optimization (2006)

Efficient data movement is one of the key attributes for high performance computing. This paper advocates the use of stream descriptors to convey memory access patterns from the programmer to the compiler. This explicit separation of computation and data movement enables the compiler to manipulate the stream descriptors to match the system's interconnect capabilities. Data movement is optimized by manipulating stream descriptors to target specific optimizations such as bandwidth management and buffer allocation. In this paper, bandwidth improvements are shown for an example system performing video analysis using computer vision methods. The system includes key hardware mechanisms that use stream descriptors to prefetch and align data for stream processors.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, Oxygenation and Carbonylation of Ruthenium(III) Schiff Base Complexes. (1990)

Abstract In view of the growing interest in oxygenation and carbonylation of ruthenium(III) complexes for new water‐soluble catalysts, 20 examples of complexes such as (III), (V) and (VII) are synthesized.
Molecular Solar Thermal Energy System (2015)

Solar energy is given an increasingly important role in the endeavour towards a sustainable society without non-renewable energy resources.Molecular solar thermal (MOST) energy system uses sunlight to photoconvert a molecule to a high energy photoisomer.This enables the solar energy to be stored in chemical bonds and by using a catalyst the energy can later be released in the form of heat.
A Standardized Approach to Tool Integration (2012)

In a general community sample, both asymptomatic and symptomatic diverticulosis are not associated with colonic mucosal inflammation. Other explanations for symptomatic colonic diverticulosis need to be identified.