gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Leydig cell tumor of the testis: A case diagnosed by fine‐needle sampling without aspiration with histologic, immunohistologic, and electron microscopic analysis (1991)

Fine-needle sampling without aspiration was performed in a patient with a testicular mass. The cytologic diagnosis was consistent with Leydig cell tumor. Cytologic features included abundant grey-blue cytoplasms with spherical or oval nuclei in May-Grünwald-Giemsa-stained smears. Intranuclear inclusions were observed but no Reinke's crystals were detected. Histologic findings confirmed the diagnosis and tumor cells were positive for vimentin. Electron microscopic analysis of the tumor showed abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria with tubulovesicular cristae but no Reinke's crystals.
The Catalytic Deamination of co, col-Diamines by Raney Nickel Catalyst (1961)

エチレンジアミン,トリメチレンジアミン,プトレシン,ヘキサメチレンジアミンなどのω,ω'-ジアミン類はラネーニッケルにより接触的に脱アンモニアされ,それぞれピペラジン,アゼチジン,ピロリジン,ヘキサメチレンイミンを生成し, p-ジ(β-アミノエチル)ベンゼンかちは脱アンモニア反応によやて樹脂状の縮合物を生じた。
In vitro assessment of gastric mucosal transfer of anti-Helicobacter therapeutic agents (1997)

A novel animal model for studying antibiotic transfer across gastric mucosa was developed by using adult rats. Gastric corpus mucosa was mounted in an Ussing chamber system and bathed in oxygenated Krebs solution. Metronidazole flux from serosa to mucosa (J(S-->M)) was measured over 60 min under basal conditions and compared with mucosa-to-serosa flux (J(M-->S)). The effects of varying the chamber cross-sectional diameter and of stimulation by histamine and carbachol were assessed. Metronidazole J(M-->S) was measured with the mucosal pH at 2.2, 2.7, 3.2, and 7.4. Amoxicillin J(S-->M) under basal conditions was also measured and compared with metronidazole J(S-->M). Metronidazole J(S-->M) was proportional to serosal concentration (P < 0.001) under basal conditions, being 3.98 nmol x h(-1) x cm(-2) with a serosal concentration of 0.2 mmol/liter. Amoxicillin J(S-->M) was significantly lower under similar conditions at 0.50 nmol x h(-1) x cm(-2) (P < 0.01). Metronidazole J(S-->M) was not significantly different from J(M-->S), between chambers of different sizes, or following stimulation. When the mucosal pH was changed, J(M-->S) was proportional to the un-ionized concentration on the mucosal side (P < 0.001). Therefore, this model shows properties analogous to those of human gastric mucosa in vivo, with partitioning of metronidazole on the mucosal side according to pH, diffusion of metronidazole across the mucosa in both directions, and selectivity for different antibiotics, and it will be useful for the study of other therapeutic agents in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori.
A multicentre clinical evaluation of paediatric cochlear implant users upgrading to the Nucleus® 6 system (2016)

Experienced paediatric cochlear implant users showed a significant improvement in speech perception in listening in noise when upgraded to the Nucleus 6 sound processor primarily due to the introduction of a noise reduction technology, and all children accepted the default program. These findings suggest that school-aged children may benefit from upgrading to the Nucleus 6 sound processor using the default program.
Antigen‐dependent suppression of alloresponses by Foxp3‐ induced regulatory T cells in transplantation (2005)

Adoptive transfer of polyclonal CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) can tolerize transplantation alloresponses. Treg are activated via their specific TCR, but the antigen specificity of wild-type Treg remains elusive, and therefore controlling potency and duration of Treg activity in the transplantation setting is still not feasible. In this study, we used murine graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) as a model system to show that antigen-specific Treg suppress the response of T effector cells to alloantigens in vitro and prevent GVHD in vivo. The suppressive potential of antigen-specific Treg was much greater than that of polyclonal Treg. To acquire large numbers of antigen-specific Treg, we transduced CD4+CD25- cells with foxp3, and found that these foxp3-induced Treg suppress alloresponses in vitro and prevent GVHD in vivo as effectively as naturally derived CD4+CD25+ Treg. Furthermore, we used an antigen-specific CD4 Th1 clone as a source of foxp3-induced Treg after transduction with foxp3, and found those Treg to effectively prevent GVHD in an antigen-dependent manner. The findings of this study provide a basis for the concept that the onset and potency of the suppression by Treg can be regulated, and suggest a novel approach to enhance the feasibility and effectiveness of inducing tolerance by Treg as an adoptive immunotherapy in transplantation.
Laser thermal angioplasty: from the experimental model to early human experience. (1987)

The use of flexible fiberoptic fibers to transmit laser energy for the ablation of atherosclerotic obstructions has significant potential in the cardiovascular area; initial clinical trials indicate that some of the early limitations of laser angioplasty can be solved. Laser thermal angioplasty has now been clinically demonstrated to be a safe and effective adjunct to balloon angioplasty for the management of symptomatic femoropopliteal disease. Based on the earliest experience of laser thermal angioplasty in human coronary arteries, the procedure is feasible. It seems clear that considerable technologic advancements in catheter design are required to improve the safety and efficacy of this new technique.
Doxorubicin-induced F-actin reorganization in cofilin-1 (nonmuscle) down-regulated CHO AA8 cells. (2010)

The actin cytoskeleton plays an important role in many cellular processes, including cell mortality, mitosis, cytokinesis, intracellular transport, endocytosis and secretion but also is involved in gene transcription. The dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton is controlled by different classes of actin-binding proteins (ABPs) which regulate the polymerization of actin filaments. In this report we used siRNA against cofilin-1 (nonmuscle) to demonstrate the effect of cofilin on the nuclear and cytoplasmic actin pools in CHO AA8 cells after exposition to various concentrations of doxorubicin. The immunofluorescence studies showed doxorubicin dose dependent tendency to formation the multinucleated giant cells, but also the increase of fluorescence intensity of cofilin in nuclei of untransfected cells. Induction of cell death with doxorubicin treatment in untransfected cells revealed both mitotic catastrophe (in both lower and higher doxorubicin doses) and apoptosis (mostly in higher doxorubicin doses), whereas among cofilin-1 down-regulated cells we observed only mitotic catastrophe. The results suggest that cofilin has apoptosis-inducing ability and that mitotic catastrophe is independent from F-actin content in cell nucleus. In this point of view we conclude that different mechanisms of chromatin reorganization are involved in these two processes. Moreover, we suppose that apoptosis and mitotic catastrophe are independent from each other.
High sensitivity micromachined optical-to-fluid pressure converter for use in an optical actuation scheme (1992)

A high sensitivity optical-to-fluid pressure converter has been developed which can be operated either pneumatically or hydraulically. The direct conversion for optical signals offers immunity to electromagnetic interference, the possibility of intrinsic safety and may provide an alternative to electromechanical valves. The device employs a micromachined cell and membrane in the conversion process. Light enters the cell and is converted to heat moving the membrane. The membrane movements are detected by a change in back pressure of an impinging fluid jet. The converter is able to produce a change in pressure of 304 Pa mW-1 of light energy when pneumatically driven, and 75 Pa mW-1 when hydraulically driven. The device is able to produce changes in pressure with rise times of the order of tens of milliseconds.
Effect of hydrostatic pressure on morphological and ultrastructural aspects of normal and osteoarthritic human articular chondrocytes. (2001)

In this work we studied the morphological and ultrastructural aspects of normal and osteoarthritic (OA) human articular chondrocytes cultivated in alginate gel for 48 hours. After this period the chondrocytes in Petri dishes were exposed to cyclic pressurization (minimum pressure 1 MPa and maximum pressure 5 MPa) at 0.25 Hz frequency for three hours. In other loading procedures the cells were exposed to continuous pressure (24 MPa) for three hours. Some dishes were not pressurised and these served as controls. The cells were then fixed for transmission electron microscopy (T.E.M.) and for scanning electron microscopy (S.E.M.). No ultrastructural changes were observed in normal chondrocytes exposed at physiological pressure. OA cells placed under physiological pressure showed a partial recovery on morphological and ultrastructural aspects. Normal and OA samples exposed to continuous pressure (24 MPa) showed a morphological worsening in both T.E.M. and S.E.M. studies.
Miniature plasma jet for mass spectrometry (2013)

The dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) used to generate low-temperature plasmas at atmospheric pressure are suitable for the atomization of volatile species and can also be served as an ionization source for ambient mass spectrometry and ion mobility spectrometry. The paper presents a source based on a plasma jet established at the end of a capillary dielectric barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure and its application to mass spectrometry. Early results of spectroscopic analysis are given.
Natural Killer–like T-Cell Lymphoma of the Parotid in a Patient Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (2002)

Abstract A 42-year-old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome developed a mass of the right parotid gland and multiple hepatic masses. Hematoxylin-eosin–stained sections of the parotid lesion showed a diffuse infiltrate of large mononuclear cells with vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli, consistent with a non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Immunohistochemical stains demonstrated expression of the T-cell markers CD3 and UCHL-1, as well as latent membrane protein 1 and T-cell intracellular antigen 1. Flow cytometry showed surface expression of CD2, CD3, CD7 (dim), CD8, and CD56. CD5 was not expressed. Molecular evaluation by polymerase chain reaction demonstrated monoclonal rearrangement of the T-cell receptor γ gene. Epstein-Barr virus early RNA and human immunodeficiency virus RNA were demonstrated by in situ hybridization. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of T-cell lymphoma of the parotid in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus. After 2 separate chemotherapy regimens, the patient achieved clinical remission for 1½ years; he then developed progressive pulmonary lesions and died.
ChemInform Abstract: Radical‐Based Syntheses of 5‐Benzoyl‐1,2‐dihydro‐3H‐pyrrolo(1,2‐a) pyrrole‐1‐carboxylic Acid (Ketorolac). (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Adherence to laboratory testing in pediatric liver transplant recipients (2020)

Systematic monitoring of lab adherence may help in identifying pediatric LT recipients at increased risk for excessive healthcare use and adverse outcomes possibly due to poor disease management.
Extrinsic Labeling Method May Not Accurately Measure Fe Absorption from Cooked Pinto Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris): Comparison of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Labeling of Beans (2008)

Isotopic labeling of food has been widely used for the measurement of Fe absorption in determining requirements and evaluating the factors involved in Fe bioavailability. An extrinsic labeling technique will not accurately predict the total Fe absorption from foods unless complete isotopic exchange takes place between an extrinsically added isotope label and the intrinsic Fe of the food. We examined isotopic exchange in the case of both white beans and colored beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) with an in vitro digestion model. There are significant differences in (58)Fe/(56)Fe ratios between the sample digest supernatant and the pellet of extrinsically labeled pinto bean. The white bean digest shows significantly better equilibration of the extrinsic (58)Fe with the intrinsic (56)Fe. In contrast to the extrinsically labeled samples, both white and red beans labeled intrinsically with (58)Fe demonstrated consistent ratios of (58)Fe/(56)Fe in the bean meal, digest, supernatant, and pellet. It is possible that the polyphenolics in the bean seed coat may bind Fe and thus interfere with extrinsic labeling of the bean meals. These observations raise questions on the accuracy of studies that used extrinsic tags to measure Fe absorption from beans. Intrinsic labeling appears necessary to accurately measure Fe bioavailability from beans.
CASE REPORT Allergy to Latex Surgical Gloves: An Unfamiliar Cause of lntraoperative Anaphylaxis (1992)

Natural rubber products, including surgical gloves, are known to be associated with contact dermatitis in allergic individuals. These cell-mediated immune reactions are usually not serious. However, an increasing number of reports have appeared recently in the medical literature concerning the association of latex with type I &E-mediated anaphylactic reactions. We report on a patient with a history of cutaneous sensitivity to latex who experienced an intraoperative anaphylactic reaction felt to be secondary to latex surgical gloves. This report is intended to familiarize clinicians with this unexpected cause of intraoperative anaphylaxis.
Low-pressure metal organic chemical vapor deposition of GaN on silicon(111) substrates using an AlAs nucleation layer (1999)

We have investigated the growth of GaN on silicon by low-pressure metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Good quality GaN layers are grown on silicon(111) using an AlAs nucleation layer. AlAs is thermally stable even at 1050 °C and, unlike GaN and AlN buffer layers, the formation of SiNx on the Si surface is prevented. Single crystalline GaN films are obtained by introducing a thin low-temperature GaN buffer layer grown on the AlAs nucleation layer. The GaN layers are characterized by x-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and cathodoluminescence.
Purified HLA class II peptide complexes can induce adherence and activation of peptide-specific human T cell clones (1992)

An initial event in T cell activation is the specific adherence of T cells via their T cell receptor to the MHC peptide complex. We have studied this adherence by incubating T cells with preformed HLA DR4Dw4 peptide complexes attached to a solid support. Adherence of sodium 51Cr-labeled T cell clones specific for the influenza hemagglutinin peptide, HA 307-319, was maximal after 15 min and was specific for the HLA DR4Dw4-HA 307-319 complex. The binding was temperature dependent and could be blocked with azide or protein kinase C inhibitors, indicating that for adherence the T cells need to be metabolically active and have a functioning protein kinase C pathway. The adherence could be blocked with CD4- or CD3-reactive murine mAb, suggesting that the TCR and CD4 molecules work in concert to induce strong adherence to the HLA DR4Dw4-HA 307-319 complex. A subsequent event in T cell activation is proliferation, which is thought to need additional proteins such as IL-1 or other adhesion molecules. MHC peptide complexes coated on microtiter plates also induced proliferation in the human T cell clones. Removal of any monocytes by treatment of human T cell clones with anti-CD14 in conjunction with C, followed by purification over a nylon wool column, did not abrogate proliferation. After prolonged culture of the T cell clones in plates coated with peptide-pulsed HLA DR4Dw4 in the presence of IL-2, the T cell clones continued to proliferate in response to peptide. These results suggest that human T cell clones do not require a second signal from a monocyte or other APC to proliferate.
A 2D FDTD Algorithm for Whole-Hemisphere Incidence on Periodic Media (2014)

We present a modified version of the 2D split-field finite difference time domain (FDTD) method which enables efficient simulation of periodic structures. Our algorithm allows for broadband, whole-hemisphere oblique incidence sources with structures that are inhomogeneous in permittivity, conductivity, and permeability. The structures considered are of finite extent in one dimension, periodic in a second orthogonal dimension, and uniform (or homogeneous) in a third dimension. With prior FDTD methods, this required a full 3D simulation space. In this work, we reduce the modeling space from a 3D grid to a 2D grid, while still allowing incident waves to be oblique with respect to that dimension. We derive this new algorithm beginning with a complete source definition that allows for arbitrary polarization and incidence direction. The key update equations are found, and we also give a method for finding the full vectorial far-field orders from the simulation output. We validate the method by simulating an etalon, a Bragg grating, and a photonic band gap structure.
A binary feedback flow control scheme using system sensitivity derivatives for congestion detection (2002)

This paper presents a binary feedback flow control scheme which uses the gradient of the system performance function to generate feedback from the network to the data sources. The setting of the single bit congestion indication communicated back to the users is based upon the sign of the gradient of the system performance function. The proposed scheme uses a simple gradient optimization method and a neural model of the system dynamics to determine the gradient of the performance function. Simulation results are presented to compare the performance of the proposed scheme to the conventional queue thresholding approach.
<title>Rotation-, scale-, and translation-resilient public watermarking for images</title> (2000)

Many electronic watermarks for still images and video content are sensitive to geometric distortions. For example, simple rotation, scaling, and/or translation (RST) of an image can prevent detection of a public watermark. In this paper, we propose a watermarking algorithm that is robust to RST distortions. The watermark is embedded into a 1-dimensional signal obtained by first taking the Fourier transform of the image, resampling the Fourier magnitudes into log-polar coordinates, and then summing a function of those magnitudes along the log-radius axis. If the image is rotated, the resulting signal is cyclically shifted. If it is scaled, the signal is multiplied by some value. And if the image is translated, the signal is unaffected. We can therefore compensate for rotation with a simple search, and for scaling by using the correlation coefficient for the detection metric. False positive results on a database of 10,000 images are reported. Robustness results on a database of 2,000 images are described. It is shown that the watermark is robust to rotation, scale and translation. In addition, the algorithm shows resistance to cropping.
Evaluation of Aminoglycoside and Non-Aminoglycoside Compounds for Stop-Codon Readthrough Therapy in Four Lysosomal Storage Diseases (2015)

Nonsense mutations are quite prevalent in inherited diseases. Readthrough drugs could provide a therapeutic option for any disease caused by this type of mutation. Geneticin (G418) and gentamicin were among the first to be described. Novel compounds have been generated, but only a few have shown improved results. PTC124 is the only compound to have reached clinical trials. Here we first investigated the readthrough effects of gentamicin on fibroblasts from one patient with Sanfilippo B, one with Sanfilippo C, and one with Maroteaux-Lamy. We found that ARSB activity (Maroteaux-Lamy case) resulted in an increase of 2-3 folds and that the amount of this enzyme within the lysosomes was also increased, after treatment. Since the other two cases (Sanfilippo B and Sanfilippo C) did not respond to gentamicin, the treatments were extended with the use of geneticin and five non-aminoglycoside (PTC124, RTC13, RTC14, BZ6 and BZ16) readthrough compounds (RTCs). No recovery was observed at the enzyme activity level. However, mRNA recovery was observed in both cases, nearly a two-fold increase for Sanfilippo B fibroblasts with G418 and around 1.5 fold increase for Sanfilippo C cells with RTC14 and PTC124. Afterwards, some of the products were assessed through in vitro analyses for seven mutations in genes responsible for those diseases and, also, for Niemann-Pick A/B. Using the coupled transcription/translation system (TNT), the best results were obtained for SMPD1 mutations with G418, reaching a 35% recovery at 0.25 μg/ml, for the p.W168X mutation. The use of COS cells transfected with mutant cDNAs gave positive results for most of the mutations with some of the drugs, although to a different extent. The higher enzyme activity recovery, of around two-fold increase, was found for gentamicin on the ARSB p.W146X mutation. Our results are promising and consistent with those of other groups. Further studies of novel compounds are necessary to find those with more consistent efficacy and fewer toxic effects.
Reference-Incorporating Microwave Resonator-Based Sensors for Biological Sensing Applications (2017)

Use of microwave resonator-based sensors is a relatively new approach for the detection of biological reagents. Sensing mechanism is based on the tracking of the resonant frequency on electromagnetic resonator. Resonant frequency depends on structure geometry and material but is also affected by secondary changes in environment. Addition of a reference resonator to suppress these effects is proposed in this work. Identical sensor structures designed at 2 GHz, fabricated using low-cost processes are used in experiments to demonstrate the use of a resonator pair for sensing of glucose in solutions, yielding a sensitivity of 34.72 MHz/ (mg/mL).
Effect of Hard Water and Ammonium Sulfate on Weak Acid Herbicide Activity (2010)

Abstract Glyphosate is a weak acid herbicide and can bind with calcium in the spray carrier. Diammonium sulfate is commonly used as an adjuvant with glyphosate to enhance phytotoxicity and overcome antagonistic effect of these cations. Most postemergence herbicides are also weak acid herbicides. Data is limited for other weak acid herbicides and the effect of diammonium sulfate in enhancing herbicide activity and overcoming antagonism. Field studies were conducted with aminopyralid, tembotrione, dicamba plus diflufenzopyr, and glufosinate to determine if (1) these weak acid herbicides are enhanced by ammonium, (2) if they are antagonized by calcium and magnesium in the spray solution, (3) if diammonium sulfate overcomes salt antagonism, and (4) if a previously published equation for the amount of ammonium sulfate required to overcome salt antagonism of glyphosate based on cation concentration in spray water correctly predicts to other weak acid herbicides. The activity of the four weak acid herbicides increased with the addition of ammonium to the spray solution, all were antagonized by calcium and magnesium, and diammonium sulfate overcame the antagonism. The previously published equation to calculate the amount the diammonium sulfate needed to overcome 500 and 1000 ppm hardness was accurate and can be used for these herbicides and possibly other weak acid herbicides.
First Isolation of Reddish-Pigmented Candida ( Torulopsis ) glabrata from a Clinical Specimen (2002)

Reddish-pigmented yeast isolates from human specimens generally belong to the genus Rhodotorula and are usually regarded as contaminants. Recently, we isolated a reddish-pigmented yeast from a surveillance culture of stool of an immunocompromised patient (culture collection no. GHP 1911, Institute