gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Norethindrone Acetate and Estradiol-Induced Endometrial Hyperplasia (2000)

In Brief Objective To identify the lowest effective continuous dose of norethindrone acetate that significantly reduces 12-month incidence of endometrial hyperplasia associated with unopposed 17β-estradiol (E2), 1 mg. Methods In a double-masked, randomized, multicenter study, 1176 healthy postmenopausal women 45 years of age or older without evidence of endometrial abnormalities were given 12 months of treatment with unopposed E2, 1 mg, or continuous-combined regimens of E2, 1 mg, and norethindrone acetate, 0.1 mg, 0.25 mg, or 0.5 mg. Endometrial histology was evaluated at the end of the treatment period. Results Continuous-combined E2-norethindrone acetate regimens significantly reduced 12-month incidence of endometrial hyperplasia compared with unopposed E2 1 mg (P < .001). Endometrial hyperplasia occurred in 14.6% of women treated with unopposed E2 1 mg, whereas in all continuous-combined groups, the rate decreased to less than 1%. Among patients who received E2-norethindrone acetate 0.1 mg, incidence was 0.8%; among those who received 0.25 mg and 0.5 mg, it was 0.4%. Conclusion Continuous norethindrone acetate at doses as low as 0.1 mg combined with E2 1 mg effectively negated risk for endometrial hyperplasia associated with unopposed E2 1 mg, at least for the first year of therapy. Continuous daily norethindrone acetate, 0.1, 0.25, or 0.5 mg, markedly reduces the incidence of endometrial hyperplasia associated with unopposed 17 β-estradiol, 1 mg.
Androgen and androgen receptor antagonist responsive primary African-American benign prostate epithelial cell line. (2005)

The generation of suitable in vitro models is critical for understanding the process associated with the development and progression of prostate cancer in high-risk African-American men. However, the generation of long-term human prostate epithelial cell lines derived from primary human prostate epithelium have been unsuccessful due to the absence of in vitro immortalization. We have successfully established an immortal human prostate epithelial cell line from primary benign tissues of African-American prostate cancer patients by using telomerase. The actively proliferating secondary African-American prostate epithelial RC-165N cells, derived from benign prostate tissue of a radical prostatectomy specimen, were transduced through infection with a retrovirus vector expressing the human telomerase catalytic subunit (hTERT). A high level of telomerase activity was detected in RC-165N/hTERT cells but not in RC-165N cells. RC-165N/hTERT cells are currently growing well at passage 50 whereas RC-165N cells senesced within passage 3. RC-165N/hTERT cells exhibit epithelial morphology. These immortalized cells showed no cell growth in soft agar, and no tumor formation in SCID mice. The RC-165N/hTERT cells express androgen-regulated prostate-specific homobox gene. NKX 3.1 and epithelial cell specific cytokeratin 8, androgen receptor (AR), prostate stem cell antigen and p16, but not PSA. AR protein was detected by Western blot analysis.
Reading chipless RFID located on metallic platforms by using cross-polar scattering (2014)

Aim of this paper is to design a fundamental building block of a spectral domain chipless RFID system based on cross-polar scattering. A novel chipless tag able to provide multi-frequency polarization conversion is proposed. The tag is able to convert the polarization of impinging electromagnetic fields at multiple frequencies guaranteeing good polarization conversion both for vertical, horizontal and oblique azimuthal incidence without introducing additional unwanted high-order resonances. The use of such tags allows a very low-cost tagging of very large metallic platforms regardless of their dimensions and their huge echo.
Changes of the photoelectric properties of cadmium selenide evaporated films during activation (1973)

Abstract : When activating CdSe films by means of diffusion annealing two processes are observed: (a) a sharp increase in the dark resistance during the first 30 min. and (b) a slower change during subsequent annealing during the subsequent 20 hr. A change in resistance during the first process is related to the decrease in concentration of the electrons on the donor admixtures with an activation energy of 0.6-0.7 ev. The mobility of carriers of photoelectric effect at a temperature close to room temperature or higher is on the same order of magnitude as the mobility in monocrystals. The depth of occurrence and the concentration of the adhesion levels are partically invariable during the activation process.
A high-capacity watermarking technique for audio signals based on MDCT-domain quantization (2010)

7 pages
Development of 4×4 MEMS optical switch (2002)

We present a design and experimental results of a 4/spl times/4 matrix optical switch that is suitable for passive alignment process, in which thick photoresist technology is utilized for the fabrication of tall vertical mirrors.
A recommended “minimum data set” framework for SD‐OCT retinal image acquisition and analysis from the Atlas of Retinal Imaging in Alzheimer's Study (ARIAS) (2020)

This minimum data set represents a first step toward the standardization of retinal imaging data acquisition and analysis in cognitive aging and AD. A standardized approach is essential to move from discovery to validation, and to examine which retinal AD biomarkers may be more sensitive and specific for the different stages of the disease severity spectrum. This approach has worked for other biomarkers in the AD field, such as magnetic resonance imaging; amyloid positron emission tomography; and, more recently, blood proteomics. Potential context of use for retinal AD biomarkers is discussed.
Robotic Platform for High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Surgery Under Ultrasound Tracking: The FUTURA Platform (2017)

Focused Ultrasound Therapy Using Robotic Approaches (FUTURA) is a European seventh research framework programme project aimed at creating an innovative platform for Focused Ultrasound Surgery (FUS). Merging robotics together with noninvasive ultrasound monitoring and therapy has the goal to improve flexibility, precision and accuracy of the intervention, thus enabling a large use of FUS for the treatment of different pathologies. The FUTURA platform, based on FUS therapy under US tracking, has been set up with the first clinical target of kidney cancer treatment. Experiments for assessing the accuracy of the FUS delivery with the FUTURA platform have been carried out under in vitro static conditions and presented here as preliminary outcomes of this study.
Synthesis of cycloalkenes via alkylidene-mediated olefin metathesis and carbonyl olefination (1993)

The development of efficient methods for constructing carbocycles continues to be an important goal of synthetic organic chemistry. One extremely useful approach to the formation of unsaturated carbocycles is the intramolecular dicarbonyl coupling reaction (eq 1). Oftentimes, the substrate employed in this process is generated by oxidation of a diene or of an olefinic ketone. In this communication, we report that transition-metal alkylidenes effect the direct synthesis of unsaturated carbocycles from either of these precursors (eqs 2 and 3).
Blind signal separation of convolutive mixtures (2004)

A novel algorithm is described for the blind separation of signals which have been mixed in a convolutive manner. It involves an initial process of strong decorrelation and spectral equalisation, based entirely on second order statistics. This is followed by the identification of a hidden paraunitary matrix which necessitates the use of higher (fourth) order statistics. The hidden paraunitary matrix is built up as a carefully chosen sequence of elementary paraunitary matrices.
Statistical Modelling of Air Exchange Rates in Australian Piggery Buildings (2007)

Studies were undertaken to identify the key factors affecting air exchange rates in typical Australian piggery buildings in order to predict and control ventilation/air exchange rates and potentially emission of airborne pollutants from piggery buildings. One hundred and sixty piggery building were included in the study and air exchange rates were monitored in the buildings using a CO2 mass balance method between Autumn of 1997 and Autumn of 1999. The characteristics of the buildings and ventilation systems used were documented to identify the roles of these factors in influencing air exchange rates. A general linear model (GLM PROC) statistical procedure was used to predict the effects of engineering features of livestock housing on ventilation rates. A mean air exchange rate of 22.8/h was measured across all buildings. Air exchange rates were primarily affected by the type of ventilation system used, height (size) of ventilation openings, stocking density (kg/m3), length, width and height of the buildings. There was no statistically significant difference between winter and summer ventilation rates. The high ventilation rates in winter are potentially compromising the thermal control capacity of piggery buildings. However, very high ventilation rates are required in summer to keep temperatures under control. The study findings aided developing strategies for the industry to improve ventilation control.
Surface expression of functional T cell receptor chains formed by interlocus recombination on human T lymphocytes. (1994)

Structural diversity of lymphocyte antigen receptors (the immunoglobulin [Ig] of B cells and the alpha/beta or gamma/delta T cell receptor [TCR] of T cells) is generated through somatic rearrangements of V, D, and J gene segments. Classically, these recombination events involve gene segments from the same Ig or TCR locus. However, occurrence of "trans" rearrangements between distinct loci has also been described, although in no instances was the surface expression of the corresponding protein under normal physiological conditions demonstrated. Here we show that hybrid TCR genes generated by trans rearrangement between V gamma and (D) J beta elements are translated into functional antigen receptor chains, paired with TCR alpha chains. Like classical alpha/beta T cells, cells expressing these hybrid TCR chains express either CD4 or CD8 coreceptors and are frequently alloreactive. These results have several implications in terms of T cell repertoire selection and relationships between TCR structure and specificity. First, they suggest that TCR alloreactivity is determined by the repertoire selection processes operating during lymphocyte development rather than by structural features specific to V alpha V beta regions. Second, they suggest the existence of close structural relationships between gamma/delta and alpha/beta TCR and more particularly, between V gamma and V beta regions. Finally, since a significant fraction of PBL (at least 1/10(4)) expressed hybrid TCR chains on their surface, these observations indicate that trans rearrangements significantly contribute to the combinatorial diversification of the peripheral immune repertoire.
Distribution of Phenolic Acids in Different Tissues of Jujube and Their Antioxidant Activity (2011)

Free, esterified, glycosided, and insoluble-bound forms of eight phenolic acids in pulp, seed, and peel of jujube are separated and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD). In the whole jujube, p-hydroxybenzoic and cinnamic acids are the most abundant phenolic acids. All quantified phenolic acids are mainly present in jujube peel. Phenolic acids in seed and peel are present in the insoluble-bound form, while, in pulp in the glycosided form, the glycosided and insoluble-bound phenolic acid fractions in jujube pulp represent the highest total phenolic content and the strongest antioxidant activity determined by DPPH and FRAP assays. Our results show that most phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity in different tissues of jujube are present as the glycosided and insoluble-bound forms.
Optimization Under Uncertainty of Manifold Microchannel Heat Sinks (2012)

Conventional microchannel heat sinks provide good heat dissipation capability but are associated with high pressure drop and corresponding pumping power. The use of a manifold system that distributes the flow into the microchannels through multiple, alternating inlet and outlet pairs is investigated here. This manifold arrangement greatly reduces the pressure drop incurred due to the smaller flow paths, while simultaneously increasing the heat transfer coefficient by tripping the thermal boundary layers. A three-dimensional numerical model is developed and validated, to study the effect of various geometric parameters on the performance of the manifold microchannel heat sink. Apart from a deterministic analysis, a probabilistic optimization study is also performed. In the presence of uncertainties in the geometric and operating parameters of the system, this probabilistic optimization approach yields an optimal design that is also robust and reliable. Uncertainty-based optimization also yields auxiliary information regarding local and global sensitivities and helps identify the input parameters to which outputs are most sensitive. This information can be used to design improved experiments targeted at the most sensitive inputs. Optimization under uncertainty also provides a quantitative estimate of the allowable uncertainty in input parameters for an acceptable uncertainty in the relevant output parameters. The optimal geometric design parameters with uncertainties that maximize heat transfer coefficient while minimizing pressure drop for fixed input conditions are identified for a manifold microchannel heat sink. A comparison between the deterministic and probabilistic optimization results is also presented.
Animal models of migraine headache and aura (2008)

Animal models of migraine reflect distinct facets of this clinically heterogeneous disorder and contribute to a better understanding of its pathophysiology and pharmacology.
Mito-Nuclear Interactions Affecting Lifespan and Neurodegeneration in aDrosophilaModel of Leigh Syndrome (2018)

Proper mitochondrial activity depends upon proteins encoded by genes in the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes that must interact functionally and physically in a precisely coordinated manner. Consequently, mito-nuclear allelic interactions are thought to be of crucial importance on an evolutionary scale, as well as for manifestation of essential biological phenotypes, including those directly relevant to human disease. Nonetheless, detailed molecular understanding of mito-nuclear interactions is still lacking, and definitive examples of such interactions <i>in vivo</i> are sparse. Here we describe the characterization of a mutation in <i>Drosophila ND23</i>, a nuclear gene encoding a highly conserved subunit of mitochondrial complex 1. This characterization led to the discovery of a mito-nuclear interaction that affects the <i>ND23</i> mutant phenotype. <i>ND23</i> mutants exhibit reduced lifespan, neurodegeneration, abnormal mitochondrial morphology, and decreased ATP levels. These phenotypes are similar to those observed in patients with Leigh syndrome, which is caused by mutations in a number of nuclear genes that encode mitochondrial proteins, including the human ortholog of <i>ND23</i> A key feature of Leigh syndrome, and other mitochondrial disorders, is unexpected and unexplained phenotypic variability. We discovered that the phenotypic severity of <i>ND23</i> mutations varies depending on the maternally inherited mitochondrial background. Sequence analysis of the relevant mitochondrial genomes identified several variants that are likely candidates for the phenotypic interaction with mutant <i>ND23</i>, including a variant affecting a mitochondrially encoded component of complex I. Thus, our work provides an <i>in vivo</i> demonstration of the phenotypic importance of mito-nuclear interactions in the context of mitochondrial disease.
Stochastic Behaviour of Mistuned Stator Vane Sectors: An Industrial Application (2012)

Stator vanes which are found in axial compressors are subject to vibratory fatigue. Their division into monoblock sectors makes the prediction of their vibratory behaviour difficult by deterministic methods due to the loss of the cyclic symmetry properties and also to a high sensitivity to mistuning. The purpose is to present a robust calculation strategy based on a stochastic modelisation of the structure. The methodology has been developed first on a simplified model and then applied to an industrial case. Polynomial chaos based results are in good agreement with reference Monte Carlo simulations.
Reproductive biology: Current trends and future applications (2011)

A study was performed to estimate the extent of cow injuries as an indicator of animal welfare in organic dairy farms in Switzerland. The study was conducted during the winter feeding period of 1997/98 and was part of a larger project on animal health, nutrition and production in certified organic dairy herds in Switzerland. Potential predictors of injuries related to animal housing were quantified and relations between occurrence of injuries and nutritional status and production were evaluated. The investigation was designed as a cross-sectional study and included a representative sample of 152 farms and 1856 cows. Every farm was visited once and each cow was scored for claw-, skin- and joint-lesions and body condition. Statistical analyses were performed appropriate for a stratified and one-stage cluster sample weighted for the entire population of organic dairy farms in Switzerland. Possible individual and environmental predictors of cow injuries were analysed using multinomial logit models for ordinal outcomes. The overall frequencies of injuries were 10.4% for joint lesions, 12.8% for soft-tissue injuries and 3.6% for claw lesions. Most joint injuries (84.9%) were observed at the hock joint, 9.4% at the carpus and 3.1% at the knee joint. The analysis of the association between frequency of injuries and potential predictors revealed heterogeneous results and the risk profiles were different between the categories of injuries measured in the study. These observations support the assumption that variations in type and severity of injuries are due to specific differences of animal management, housing design and due to different characteristics of individual cows.
INDUSTRIAL CHIMNEYS: A REVIEW OF THE CURRENT STATE OF THE ART. (1996)

Keywords ESSO ENGINEERING EUROPE, COMITE INTERNATIONALE DES CHEMINEES, INDUSTRIELLES, CICIND CHIMNEYS, INDUSTRIAL, STATE OF THE ART, HISTORY, DEVELOPMENT, HAZARDS, DESIGN, CONCRETE, STEEL, SHELLS, LINERS, PROTECTION, HEAT, FLUES, GASES, HOT, EFFECT, DESULPHURISATION, FGD, STRUCTURES, SAFETY, FLUIDS, DYNAMICS, THERMAL, CORROSION, CHEMISTRY, BEHAVIOUR, ASSOCIATIONS, ORGANISATIONS, TALL, SULPHUR, WIND, CROSSWINDS, VORTICES, EXCITATION, RESPONSES, BRICKWORK, BRICKS, GRP, GLASS, REINFORCED, PLASTIC, ACID, BOLTS, CONNECTIONS... Show All
Relaxation Dynamics of Bidisperse Temporary Networks (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRelaxation Dynamics of Bidisperse Temporary NetworksUlf Seidel, Reimund Stadler, and Gerald G. FullerCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 8, 2066–2072Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00086a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00086a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views122Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tripartite molecular beacons (2002)

Molecular beacons (MBs) are hairpin-like fluorescent DNA probes that have single-mismatch detection capability. Although they are extremely useful for many solution-based nucleic acid detections, MBs are expensive probes for applications that require the use of a large number of different DNA probes due to the high cost and tedious procedures associated with probe synthesis and purification. In addition, since both ends of MB probes are covalently modified with chromophores, they do not offer the flexibility for fluorophore change and the capability for surface immobilization through free DNA ends. In this report, we describe an alternative form of MB, denoted tripartite molecular beacon (TMB), that may help overcome these problems. A TMB uses an unmodified oligodeoxyribonucleotide that forms a MB-like structure with two universal single-stranded arms to bring on a universal pair of oligodeoxyribonucleotides modified separately with a fluorophore and a quencher. We found that TMBs are as effective as standard MBs in signaling the presence of matching nucleic acid targets and in precisely discriminating targets that differ by a single nucleotide. TMBs have the necessary flexibility that may make MBs more affordable for various nucleic acid detection applications.