gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Promoting the uptake of green and sustainable methodologies in pharmaceutical synthesis: CHEM21 education and training initiatives (2016)

An extensive suite of educational and training resources have been created by the CHEM21 project to promote the uptake and application of green and sustainable methodologies in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals. They include a bespoke online learning platform containing free, shareable and interactive material suitable for distance learning; easy to use tools and guides that can be readily embedded into everyday practice; and a new RSC text book available in both print and electronic format. These initiatives were specifically designed to result in the elaboration of an educational program to train both students and those currently working within the industry. The involvement of EFPIA partners in their development has ensured that the training materials and methods developed have practical applicability within the medicinal and process chemist community. The research originated by the CHEM21 project has also informed the development of the educational and training material and provided case studies to exemplify the benefits of adopting sustainable chemistry in medicinal and process chemistry.
The Integration of Faith and Science (2003)

Faith and sciencecan they live in the same house?There are many who say that scholars, especially scientists, must leave all religious influences out of their scholarly pursuits because to do otherwise would compromise the search for truth.Even many Christians are nervous about attempts to find a harmony between Scripture and science.Is this concern justified?This depends partly on how we understand the nature of inspiration and partly on our understanding of the scientific data.I am well aware of the diversity of views on the nature of inspiration and of the variation in degree of confidence in the history of life given in Genesis.Even in some seemingly conservative Christian circles there seems to be the conviction that we can only be worthy scholars if we move away from acceptance of Bible history as describing literal events, such as the six-day creation and perhaps even a literal second coming.However, the approach I will take in this paper is based on an understanding of inspiration well summarized by E. G. White: The language of the Bible should be explained according to its obvious meaning, unless a symbol or figure is employed (GC 599).It [the Bible] was designed for the common people, and the interpretation given by the common people, when aided by the Holy Spirit, accords best with the truth as it is in Jesus (5T 331).A sense of the power and wisdom of God, and of our inability to comprehend His greatness, should inspire us with humility, and we should open His word, as we would enter His presence, with holy awe.When we come to the Bible, reason must acknowledge an authority superior to itself, and heart and intellect must bow before the great I AM (SC 110).This approach accepts the events described in the Bible as actual historical happenings, including creation in seven literal days, a global flood, Jesus miracles, and Gods literal communication of ideas and facts to at least some Bible writers, such as Moses, Daniel, Paul, and John (not through verbal inspiration, but communication of thoughts).This approach must be used with wisdom, prayer, and careful thought, or it can lead to such simplistic ideas as the common
The lysine deacetylase inhibitor givinostat inhibits β-cell IL-1β induced IL-1β transcription and processing (2012)

Inhibition of β-cell IL-1β expression and processing and Cxcl10 transcription contributes to the β-cell protective actions of KDACi. In vitro β-cell destructive effects of CXCL10 are not mediated via IL-1β transcription. The differential proinflammatory actions of KDACs may be attractive novel drug targets in DM.
A Low-Power WCDMA Transmitter with an Integrated Notch Filter (2008)

In a WCDMA FDD system, since the transmitter and receiver operate concurrently, the receiver is plagued by the transmitter leakage due to finite isolation of antenna duplexer. As a consequence, the transmitter noise at the receive band degrades the sensitivity, unless the noise is further attenuated before reaching the receiver. Due to the modest Q of on-chip inductors, typically the use of a costly SAW filter placed before the PA is inevitable. On the other hand, the external filter may be eliminated through sufficiently lowering the transmitter noise for any given duplexer. However, given the power-noise trade off, in all previous designs due to the lack of an on-chip filtering mechanism, meeting the stringent noise requirement has resulted in an excessive transmitter power dissipation. To address these issues, a feedback-based filtering technique to suppress the receive-band noise with negligible area or power penalty is presented. Stability analysis reveals that with practical transmitter gain distribution, optimum component sizes, and for a typical required noise suppression, using a simple first- or second-order RC LPF, the feedback remains stable and no additional compensation is required.
Novel Reassortant Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N2) Virus in Broiler Chickens, Egypt (2019)

We detected a novel reassortant highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N2) virus in 3 poultry farms in Egypt. The virus carried genome segments of a pigeon H9N2 influenza virus detected in 2014, a nucleoprotein segment of contemporary chicken H9N2 viruses from Egypt, and hemagglutinin derived from the 2.3.4.4b H5N8 virus clade.
The β-phosphorus hyperfine coupling constant in nitroxide: part 3: titration of water by electron paramagnetic resonance (2015)

Recently, we showed that the phosphorus hyperfine coupling constant aPβ of persistent cyclic nitroxides decreased with the normalized polarity Reichardt's constant E. Thus, we investigated the changes in aPβ in binary mixtures of solvents. The sensitivity of aPβ to the solvent was high enough to allow us to perform water titration in THF, 1,4-dioxane, and acetonitrile by EPR. Accuracies of a few percent were achieved.
Global Non-rigid Alignment of Surface Sequences (2012)

This paper presents a general approach based on the shape similarity tree for non-sequential alignment across databases of multiple unstructured mesh sequences from non-rigid surface capture. The optimal shape similarity tree for non-rigid alignment is defined as the minimum spanning tree in shape similarity space. Non-sequential alignment based on the shape similarity tree minimises the total non-rigid deformation required to register all frames in a database into a consistent mesh structure with surfaces in correspondence. This allows alignment across multiple sequences of different motions, reduces drift in sequential alignment and is robust to rapid non-rigid motion. Evaluation is performed on three benchmark databases of 3D mesh sequences with a variety of complex human and cloth motion. Comparison with sequential alignment demonstrates reduced errors due to drift and improved robustness to large non-rigid deformation, together with global alignment across multiple sequences which is not possible with previous sequential approaches.
Negative regulatory sequences in the Ela-inducible enhancer of the adenovirus-2 eariy EIIa promoter (1986)

The adenovirus type 2 early EIIa (EIIaE) transcriptional control region exhibits an EIa-dependent enhancer activity (Imperiale et al., 1985, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 381-385). We have determined the sequence requirements for this enhancer activity by analysing the enhancing capacity of the entire EIIa promoter region, or portions of it, when inserted approximately 400 bp upstream of the rabbit beta-globin gene. Globin-specific transcription efficiency from the resulting recombinants was measured after transfection into HeLa cells, both in the presence and absence of the EIa products. It was found that the minimal EIIa element with bidirectional, EIa-dependent enhancer activity extends between -111 and -27 relative to the EIIaE major startsite (+1). Furthermore an extensive deletion analysis revealed, within this element, three functionally distinct regions: a central region between about -90 and -70, corresponding to an essential EIIaE upstream promoter element, and two flanking control elements (about 20 bp each) which, in the absence of the EIa products, exert a negative effect on the enhancer activity. Deletion of either one of these control elements renders the EIIaE enhancer activity constitutive, suggesting that the EIa products stimulate the EIIaE enhancer by relieving the negative control mediated by these sequences.
Preliminary circuits for Smart Dust (2002)

In this paper we present a miniature system that is being designed for the Smart Dust project to test the communication link and simulate basic functionality. The system includes an optical receiver to process the incoming laser signal, digital circuits to generate a pseudorandom number sequence, a corner cube reflector (CCR) to passively transmit data to the base station, and a charge pump to generate the voltages required for the CCR. The circuits are being fabricated in a 0.25 /spl mu/m twin-well 5 metal layer CMOS process and the CCR has been fabricated in the MCNC MUMPS 3 structural polysilicon layer (MEMS) process. The components are to be mounted onto a 1.4 V zinc-air hearing aid style battery and the entire system can fit into a 5.8 mm/spl times/5.8 mm/spl times/2.4 mm package.
Abstract 1287: Novel NSAID derivatives containing selenium as potent cytotoxic agents against cancer (2021)

Abstract Cancer is currently one of the major health problems of the human population and a prominent cause of death worldwide. The introduction of a selenium atom (Se) in the structure of organic molecules has demonstrated to be a valid approximation in the design of novel chemotherapeutic agents with several biological effects, including antitumoral activity. On the other hand, non-steroidal anti-inflamatory drugs (NSAIDs) have gained interest in recent years in terms of their chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activities, whether when they are evaluated alone, as a combination therapy, or in the form of structurally modified analogs.On the basis of these findings, and taking into account the results of previous studies by our research group, we have developed a new series of twenty-five NSAID analogs bearing Se in their structure with several variations. The new compounds were tested in four cancer cell lines (HTB-54, DU-145, HT-29 and MCF-7) and two non-malignant cells (184B5 and BEAS-2B), showing promising results with IC50 values below 10 μM. The cytotoxicity of the five most potent and selective molecules was further studied in other cancer cell lines as well. Taken together, this work supports the design of new derivatives containing Se as potential antitumoral agents. Citation Format: Sandra Ramos-Inza, Ignacio Encío, Arun K. Sharma, Carmen Sanmartín, Daniel Plano. Novel NSAID derivatives containing selenium as potent cytotoxic agents against cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1287.
Star Query Plans in SADAS: A Data Warehouse System Based on Transposed Files. (2006)

The main commercial data warehouse systems available to-day are based on record-oriented relational technology optimized for OLTP applications. Several authors have shown that substantial improvements in query performance for OLAP applications can be achieved by systems based on transposed files (column-oriented) technology, since the dominant queries require grouping and aggregation on a few columns of large amounts of data. This new assumption underlying data warehouse systems means that several aspects of data management and query processing need to be reconsidered. We present the results of an industrial research project aimed at implementing an SQL-compliant prototype data warehouse system based on transposed files. The paper focuses on the data structures and algorithms to support the optimization of star queries with group-by, and presents an experimental evaluation of the implemented system that shows that it performs favorably with respect to a traditional row-store system.
Cyclo(Phe-Pro) Produced by the Human Pathogen Vibrio vulnificus Inhibits Host Innate Immune Responses through the NF-κB Pathway (2015)

Cyclo(Phe-Pro) (cFP) is a secondary metabolite produced by certain bacteria and fungi. Although recent studies highlight the role of cFP in cell-to-cell communication by bacteria, its role in the context of the host immune response is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of cFP produced by the human pathogen Vibrio vulnificus in the modulation of innate immune responses toward the pathogen. cFP suppressed the production of proinflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide, and reactive oxygen species in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated monocyte/macrophage cell line and in bone marrow-derived macrophages. Specifically, cFP inhibited inhibitory κB (IκB) kinase (IKK) phosphorylation, IκBα degradation, and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) translocation to the cell nucleus, indicating that cFP affects the NF-κB pathway. We searched for genes that are responsible for cFP production in V. vulnificus and identified VVMO6_03017 as a causative gene. A deletion of VVMO6_03017 diminished cFP production and decreased virulence in subcutaneously inoculated mice. In summary, cFP produced by V. vulnificus actively suppresses the innate immune responses of the host, thereby facilitating its survival and propagation in the host environment.
Synthesis of LipidGreen2 and its application in lipid and fatty liver imaging (2013)

We have developed LipidGreen2, a second generation small molecule probe for lipid imaging. LipidGreen2 has a better fluorescence signal compared with the previous LipidGreen, and selectively stains neutral lipids in cells and fat deposits in live zebrafish. We also demonstrate the application of LipidGreen2 for detecting fatty liver.
The effect of overstuffing the patellofemoral joint on the extensor retinaculum of the knee (2009)

Overstuffing the patellofemoral compartment during TKR leads to complications such as maltracking and wear, predisposing to early failure. However, there is no data describing how the patellar construct thickness affects the retinacula. This study instrumented cadaveric knees that had a Genesis II (Smith & Nephew, Memphis, TN, USA) TKR in situ. Sutures were passed along the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) and the deep transverse fibre band of the lateral retinaculum, from the ilio-tibial band (ITB) to the patella. These sutures were attached to displacement transducers. Length changes in the retinacula were measured during knee flexion-extension against the actions of 175 N quadriceps and 30 N ITB tensions. This was done with the natural patellar thickness, then repeated with the patella 2 mm thinner, 2 mm thicker and 4 mm thicker (overstuffed). Each thickness change caused a significant overall slackening or stretching of the MPFL (P < 0.0001 by ANOVA), with 2.3 mm mean stretching (P < 0.001 all angles of knee flexion by post-testing) at 4 mm thicker. The ITB-patellar band was not slackened (P = 0.491) or stretched (P = 0.346) significantly by 2 mm thickness changes. 4 mm thickening stretched the lateral retinaculum 1.1 mm (P = 0.0108). Patellar thickness affected the MPFL more than the lateral retinaculum. This difference reflected the mobile attachment of the lateral retinaculum to the ITB, whereas the MPFL was stretched directly between bony attachments. 2 mm overstuffing did not stretch the retinacula sufficiently to cause mechanical effects.
Heptafulvenone, Vinylketene, Butadienylketene, and Allenylketene − Facile Generation, Observation, and Radical Reaction with TEMPO (2001)

Heptafulvenone (1), vinylketene (11), 1,3-butadienylketene [(E)-15], and allenylketene (21) have been prepared by reaction of the corresponding acyl chlorides with 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene as long-lived species in solution at room temperature, and their ketenyl IR bands observed under these conditions for the first time, at 2101, 2118, 2111, 2117 cm−1, respectively. These unsaturated ketenes react with tetramethylpiperidinyloxyl (TEMPO, TO·) with initial attack at the carbonyl carbon giving delocalized radicals which give from 1 a mixture of the ring contracted o-, m-, and p-formylbenzoates O=CHC6H4CO2T (6) and the bis(cycloheptatrienyl) dimer 7. The products from 11, (E)-15, and 21 are the bis(TEMPO) adducts (E,Z)-TOCH2CH=CHCO2T (12), (E,E)-TOCH2CH=CHCH=CHCO2T (17), and (E,Z)-CH2=C(OT)CH=CHCO2T (22), respectively.
Correlates of the Estimated Arterial Compliance in the Population of Tecumseh, Michigan (1992)

An estimate of arterial compliance--the stroke volume/pulse pressure ratio (SV/PP)--was studied in 801 participants in the Tecumseh Blood Pressure Study, a population-based ongoing cardiovascular, epidemiological investigation. The subjects were normal young adults (mean age 30 +/- 5.6 years) and 373 were females. Cardiac anatomy and function were studied by echo-Doppler methods, blood pressure being measured at the same time by the indirect method. The distribution of the SV/PP ratio was skewed toward higher values in larger subjects. After statistical adjustments for body surface area, this estimate of arterial compliance was found to be higher in females (2.00 +/- 0.62) than in males (1.90 +/- 0.58) (p < 0.05). When subjects were divided into tertiles, the group with the lowest estimated arterial compliance was normotensive but had higher systolic pressure, lower diastolic pressure, a similar mean arterial pressure, higher heart rate and higher left ventricular wall thickness ratio compared to subjects with higher arterial compliance. Indices of systolic ejection decreased and diastolic function was altered in the low compliance subjects. In addition, low compliance subjects also had higher fasting insulin levels. These findings suggest that the low arterial compliance in an otherwise normal population has negative cardiovascular correlates. The early association of decreased arterial compliance with anatomic, functional and biochemical aberrations suggests that estimates of arterial compliance might prove useful for prediction of cardiovascular complications.
Linear programming: theory and algorithms (2006)

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New Insights from Imaging Spectroscopy of Solar Radio Emission (2023)

Newly available high-resolution imaging of solar radio emission at many closely spaced frequencies and times provides new physical insight into the processes, structure, and dynamics of the solar atmosphere. The observational advances have spurred renewed interest in topics dating from the early days of solar radio astronomy and have led to considerable advances in our knowledge. Highlights of recent advances include the following: ▪Quantitatively measuring the dynamic magnetic field strength, particle acceleration, and hot thermal plasma at the heart of solar flares and hinting at the processes that relate them.▪Resolving in space and time the energization and transport of electrons in a wide range of contexts.▪Mapping the magnetized thermal plasma structure of the solar chromosphere and corona over a substantial range of heights in active and quiet regions of the Sun. This review explains why solar radio imaging spectroscopy is so powerful, describes the body of recent results, and outlines the future work needed to fully realize its potential. The application of radio imaging spectroscopy to stars and planets is also briefly reviewed.
Red Fluorescent DCM Derivatives with the Bulky-substituents on Pyran and Julolidine Moieties for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) (2012)

In most DCM type emitters, concentration quen-ching due to excimer and exciplex formation dramaticallyreduces EL performance. Among those, 4-(dicyanomethyl-ene)-2-tert-butyl-6-(1,1,7,7-tetramethyljulolidyl-9-enyl)-4 H-pyran (DCJTB) represents one of the most efficient fluore-scent red emitting materials for OLEDs. In DCJTB, thebulky substituents such as four methyl groups on julolidinemoiety and tert-butyl group on pyran moiety of DCM back-bone are incorporated to prevent concentration quenchingbetween the emitting materials, which lead to the improvedEL efficiencies of devices using them.
Water Relations and the Maintenance of Sierran Conifers on Hydrothermally Altered Rock (1988)

Unusual, nutrient—poor soils derived from hydrothermally altered bedrock support open forests of Sierran conifers (Pinus ponderosa, P. jeffreyi, and others) amongst the sagebrush and pinyon—juniper vegetation on typical desert soils of the Great Basin in western Nevada. As an index of soil moisture availability, we compared predawn xylem pressure potential (XPP) and diurnal patterns of stomatal conductance for various species at three sites, with paired, adjacent soils derived from unaltered and hydrothermally altered parent material. At high soil moisture availability, Great Basin shurbs maintained higher maximum leaf conductance (2—3 mm/s) than Sierran conifers (&lt;1.2 mm/s). During the growing season XPP declined for all species at all sites, but during extended drought values for Great Basin shrubs (—2.70–4.47 MPa) growing on unaltered soil were consistently lower than for Sierran conifers (—0.97_—1.12 MPa) growing onaltered soil. While few species were found on both soil types, Amelanchier alnifolia showed lower predawn XPP on soils derived from unaltered (—3.22 MPa) than from altered (—2.05 MPa) parent paterials. These data suggest that shrubs rapidly deplete soil moisture in the Great Basin desert, restricting the establishment of Sierran conifers to soils derived from altered rocks, which otherwise support minimal vegetation cover. The @° 1 3 C of foilage from conifers were higher than from Great Basin shrubs, suggesting that conifers maintain higher seasonally integrated water—use efficiencies.
Cinematic Rendering in Anatomy: A Crossover Study Comparing a Novel 3D Reconstruction Technique to Conventional Computed Tomography (2020)

Integration of medical imaging into preclinical anatomy courses is already underway in many medical schools. However, interpretation of two-dimensional grayscale images is difficult and conventional volume rendering techniques provide only images of limited quality. In this regard, a more photorealistic visualization provided by Cinematic Rendering (CR) may be more suitable for anatomical education. A randomized, two-period crossover study was conducted from July to December 2018, at the University Hospital of Erlangen, Germany to compare CR and conventional computed tomography (CT) imaging for speed and comprehension of anatomy. Sixteen students were randomized into two assessment sequences. During each assessment period, participants had to answer 15 anatomy-related questions that were divided into three categories: parenchymal, musculoskeletal, and vascular anatomy. After a washout period of 14 days, assessments were crossed over to the respective second reconstruction technique. The mean interperiod differences for the time to answer differed significantly between the CR-CT sequence (-204.21 ± 156.0 seconds) and the CT-CR sequence (243.33 ± 113.83 seconds; P < 0.001). Overall time reduction by CR was 65.56%. Cinematic Rendering visualization of musculoskeletal and vascular anatomy was higher rated compared to CT visualization (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003), whereas CT visualization of parenchymal anatomy received a higher scoring than CR visualization (P < 0.001). No carryover effects were observed. A questionnaire revealed that students consider CR to be beneficial for medical education. These results suggest that CR has a potential to enhance knowledge acquisition and transfer from medical imaging data in medical education.