gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two-dimensional iterative logic (1965)

It is well known that given a suitable Boolean function, a large number of "gates" or "elements," each producing this function, can be interconnected in a regular structure, or "array," to realize any given Boolean function. Furthermore, the structure of the array can be invariant to the function being realized.
Vapor-Induced Superionic Conduction of Magnesium Ions in a Metal–Organic Framework (2021)

This is a first report on a novel approach for a significant enhancement in the ionic conductivity of Mg ions in solid, induced by organic vapor. The Mg ions located inside the pores of a metal–organic framework (MOF) exhibited a drastic change in mobility in the presence of anhydrous organic vapors of various guest molecules such as MeOH and MeCN. A systematic study on the ionic conductivity of the model compound, Mg-MOF-74 ⊃ {Mg(TFSI)2}x (x ≤ 0.15), incorporating only the Mg salts inside the pores, under various organic vapors, showed that the MOF adsorbed the guest molecules to form highly mobile ionic carriers and provide an excellent ion-conducting pathways for high ionic conductivity at ambient temperature. Mg-MOF-74 ⊃ {Mg(TFSI)2}0.15 showed a superionic conductivity of 2.6 × 10–4 S cm–1 at 25 °C under MeOH vapor. In addition, this is the first case of the “Mg ion”-conductive MOF with direct evidence of Mg2+ transport (tMg2+ = 0.47, for Mg-MOF-74 ⊃ {Mg(TFSI)2}0.15 under MeCN vapor).
Performance of target tracking applications in multi-channel wireless sensor networks (2012)

Several future wireless communication systems will exploit multiple frequency channels simultaneously to reduce delay, enhance throughput and/or improve robustness. Nevertheless, the impact of multi-channel communications on different applications has not been comprehensively studied even though it is of significant importance to understand the interdependencies between the communication and application parameters. In this paper we study the performance of networked estimation in contention-based multi-channel wireless sensor networks by focusing especially on the delay introduced by the Media Access Control (MAC) layer. We derive the required theoretical results and analyze the relationship between communication and estimation parameters in a target tracking application. In addition, we show how to optimize estimation performance by choosing appropriate estimation parameters with certain communication parameters and vice versa.
Tecniche di Produzione del Cemento Traslucido (2012)

The aim of the paper is to investigate different techniques used by some companies nowadays involved in the production of panels or blocks made of translucent cement. For doing that, the patents registered all over the world starting from the 2000 have been studied in deep, in order to acquire more detailed information about the techniques of production and to overcome the limits due to the lack of information about this subject that is difficult to find in literature. Particularly, patents by LitraConTM, Luccon, Lucem, Italcementi have been investigated; these last four industries are, at the moment, the only ones able to make in Europe translucent cement elements by using different techniques and materials. The translucent cement is certainly one of the most meaningful inventions of the XX century: an innovative material with great application potentialities in Architecture that are limited, at the present, from the costs of the materials used as components and from the complexity of the productive techniques. Really, the innovation is not due to the materials with which the translucent cement is made of (concrete and optics fibres in the “original recipe”concrete and plastic elements in the more recent recipes) but to the new performance that their composition allows to have, especially in relationship to the classes of demands related to the “aspect” and the “safety” of buildings, with obvious relapses on the management and on the comfort of their inner spaces. The light, through the optics fibres or the plastic elements, crosses the concrete panels/blocks allowing them to become translucent and to delineate the profile of objects and people postponed. Translucent concrete is generally used to make coverings, sinks or objects of Design like lamps; only in the Italian Pavilion at the 2010 Shanghai Expo it has been used to build the building envelope by finding, in this way, the celebrity in the world of Architecture even if, in order to see it diffusedly applied in buildings, it will probably need to still wait a lot. The production techniques patented up to now are very different and they have been adopted by different firms that have introduced a variety of product’s typologies on the market. These typologies are related to the dimensions of the elements blocks and/or panels, the performance especially related to the mechanical resistance, the light transmission, the thermal isolation, the costs. Deriving from the analysis of the patents that have been found in the EPO’s website in relation to the European firms that operate in the building market a panning of these techniques of production is showed in this paper.
Photonic wire bonding: a novel concept for chip-scale interconnects (2012)

Photonic integration requires a versatile packaging technology that enables low-loss interconnects between photonic chips in three-dimensional configurations. In this paper we introduce the concept of photonic wire bonding, where polymer waveguides with three-dimensional freeform geometries are used to bridge the gap between nanophotonic circuits located on different chips. In a proof-of-principle experiment, we demonstrate the fabrication of single-mode photonic wire bonds (PWB) by direct-write two-photon lithography. First-generation prototypes allow for efficient broadband coupling with average insertion losses of only 1.6 dB in the C-band and can carry wavelength-division multiplexing signals with multi-Tbit/s data rates. Photonic wire bonding is well suited for automated mass production, and we expect the technology to enable optical multi-chip systems with enhanced performance and flexibility.
Physical Measures to Reduce Exposure to Tap Water–Associated Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (2020)

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) that cause human disease can be isolated from household tap water. Easy-to-use physical methods to reduce NTM from this potential source of exposure are needed. Filters and UV disinfection have been evaluated for their ability to reduce numbers of waterborne non-NTM organisms from drinking water, but their efficacy in reducing NTM counts are not well-established. Thus, five commercially available disinfection methods were evaluated for their potential as practical, efficient, and low-cost methods to reduce NTM from tap water. First, suspensions of tap water-adapted <i>Mycobacterium smegmatis</i> were passed through either a point-of-use, disposable, 7-day or 14-day Pall-Aquasafe filter. The 7-day filter prevented passage of <i>M. smegmatis</i> in effluent water for 13 days, and the 14-day filter prevented the passage of <i>M. smegmatis</i> for 25 days. Second, a granular activated carbon filter system failed to significantly reduce <i>Mycobacterium abscessus</i> and <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> numbers. Third, suspensions of tap water-adapted <i>M. abscessus, M. avium</i>, and <i>M. chimaera</i> ("MycoCocktail") were passed through the "LifeStraw GO" hollow-fiber, two-stage membrane filtration system. LifeStraw GO prevented passage of the MycoCocktail suspension for the entire 68-day evaluation period. Finally, two different water bottle UV sterilization systems, "Mountop" and "SteriPEN," were evaluated for their capacity to reduce NTM numbers from tap water. Specifically, MycoCocktail suspensions were dispensed into Mountop and SteriPEN water bottles and UV treated as per the manufacturer instructions once daily for 7 days, followed by a once weekly treatment for up to 56 days. After 4 days of daily UV treatment, both systems achieved a >4 log reduction in MycoCocktail CFU. After the 56-day evaluation period, suspension and biofilm-associated CFU were measured, and a >4 log reduction in CFU was maintained in both systems. Taken together, physical disinfection methods significantly reduced NTM numbers from tap water and may be easy-to-use, accessible applications to reduce environmental NTM exposures from drinking water.
New Sliding-Mode Observer for Position Sensorless Control of Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor (2012)

This paper proposes a novel sliding-mode observer (SMO) to achieve the sensorless control of permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). An observer is built according to the back electromotive force (EMF) model after the back EMF equivalent signal is obtained. In this way, not only are low-pass filter and phase compensation module eliminated, but also estimation accuracy is improved. Numerical simulations and experiments with an 11-kW low-speed PMSM are carried out. The results demonstrate that the novel SMO can effectively estimate rotor position and speed and achieve good static and dynamic performance.
Drivers for Liquid Crystal Displays (2014)

Chapter 24 is devoted to discussion on row drivers and column drivers that are necessary to implement the addressing techniques presented in the book.
A Phosphorimeter for Studying Delayed Fluorescence from Samples Immersed in a Magnetic Field (1970)

SUMMARY The design and construction of a phosphorimeter especially suited for investigating the effect of a magnetic field on delayed luminescence processes is described. Although it is designed for the light levels and time domains usually pertinent to fluid-solution delayed fluorescence studies, it can be easily adapted to phosphorescence work. In order to avoid the influence of the applied field on the excitation and detection elements, these components are removed from the field and are heavily shielded. A medium-pressure mercury arc is used as an excitation source, and either frontal or right-angular illumination of the sample can be employed. Filters in both the excitation and emission beams provide the means of wavelength selection. The use of a single, rotating, slotted disk to time both beams gives the instrument a compact design and enhances its physical stability. Tests of instrument performance show that the phosphorimeter is useful for measurements at fields up to 8000 G.
The use of phonon and plasmon interface modes as diagnostic tools for characterising low dimensional semiconductor structures (2003)

Far infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy is a well-established technique for investigating the response functions of phonons and plasmons in bulk and low-dimensional semiconductors. When oblique incidence measurements are made in p-polarisation on low dimensional semiconductors, either by conventional reflection spectroscopy or by attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy, additional spectral features are observed associated with Berreman or Brewster interface modes. We demonstrate that these modes can be used as diagnostic tools for obtaining detailed information on the structural and electronic properties of the structures.
ChemInform Abstract: An Improved Direct Synthetic Approach to Anhydronucleosides (II). (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
[Cerebrovascular accidents in relation to drug consumption or drug abuse]. (1989)

Many drugs may cause cerebral infarction or hemorrhage. The authors describe the epidemiology and the physiopathological aspects of stroke in patients using anticoagulant therapy, oral contraception or ergot alkaloids. Cerebrovascular complications are also noticed in abusers of cocaine or other stimulants of the central nervous system: amphetamine, phenylpropanolamine, xanthines.
Bacteriochlorophyll a and Its Derivatives: Chemistry and Perspectives for Cancer Therapy (2008)

The review summarizes the chemistry of the third generation of photosensitizers, namely, the derivatives of natural bacteriochlorophyll a for photodynamic treatment of cancer. The compounds of this class strongly absorb light at λ=770-850 nm. This unique property opens new therapeutic opportunities due to deeper tissue penetration of light, thereby increasing the photodamage for tumor eradication. Analyzed are the modifications of bacteriochlorophyll a that improve physico-chemical characteristics of compounds and enhance accumulation in tumors. Focusing on the delivery of photosensitizers to the tumor site and to specific intracellular compartments, we describe the conjugates of bacteriochlorophyll a derivatives with carbohydrate and protein carriers. Boronated bacteriochlorins can be used in both photodynamic and boron neutron capture therapy. Keywords: Cancer Therapy, Bacteriochlorophyll a, photosensitizers, photodynamic treatment, tumor eradication, boron neutron capture therapy
Fucoidan Hydrogels Significantly Alleviate Oxidative Stress and Enhance the Endocrine Function of Encapsulated Beta Cells (2021)

Abstract Microencapsulating pancreatic islets in immunoprotective alginate hydrogels is a promising strategy for treatment of type 1 diabetes. However, this strategy is limited by inflammation and hypoxia mediated oxidative stress, due to encapsulation and the hydrogel itself, leading to impaired insulin secretion and limited short and long term cell survival. Herein, the antioxidant effect of fucoidan, an algae derived polysaccharide, on beta cells, and its positive effects on encapsulated beta cell viability and function is presented. Fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus (FF) exhibits a high total antioxidant capacity, and free radical scavenging activity, and is able to significantly alleviate intracellular oxidative stress in rat insolinoma beta cells (INS1E). In addition, FF significantly increases insulin secretion in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. When FF is incorporated in ultrapure alginate used for microencapsulation of primary rat islets, both viability and glucose responsiveness of rat islets in these socalled Fucogel microcapsules (Fucocaps) are found to be significantly higher compared to islets encapsulated in alginate alone. Similar results are obtained with INS1E pseudoislets and neonatal pig islets. Fucocaps can provide a redox‐modulatory niche and an immune barrier for islets and beta cells in the same time leading to significantly improved survival and endocrine function by mitigating oxidative stress.
Compact MILP models for the discrete cost multicommodity network design problem (2017)

We investigate a challenging NP-hard variant of Network Design Problems called the Discrete Cost Multicommodity Network Design Problem (DCMNDP), which arises in a wide range of real-life situations such as telecommunication settings, multicast routing and aircraft assignment. In graph theory terms, the DCMNDP requires designing a minimum cost network by installing at most one facility on each edge while the installed capacities permit the routing of a prescribed multi-commodity flow value. We focus on investigating polynomial-sized Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) formulations. Besides a basic arc-flow formulation, two new overflow and flow aggregation based formulations are proposed. To improve the performance of the proposed formulations, valid cuts/constraints are appended. Preliminary computational results are conducted on real-world networks and randomly generated instances using a general-purpose MIP solver.
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) receptors during human lung development (1995)

International audience
Biology of Arterial Atheroma (2000)

Endothelial dysfunction and changes in arterial wall morphology including thickening of the tunica intima, excess synthesis of collagenous matrix (fibroblastic intimal thickening) and permanent or dynamic deposition of lipids (fatty streaks) already occur in childhood or adolescence. Definite atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries usually do not manifest themselves before menopause in women or age 40 in men. Obviously, cumulative (long-term) and excessive exposure of the vessel wall to risk factors is required to overcome highly effective defense mechanisms which have not yet been fully investigated. Initiation and early progression of atherosclerosis rely on conventional vascular risk factors such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, smoking, severe alcohol consumption and chronic infections. Plaque extension is effectively compensated by a focal widening of the vessel, thereby preventing the development of lumen obstruction (vascular remodeling). For stenosis to emerge conventional plaques must convert to complicated plaques characterized by plaque rupture and consecutive atherothrombosis. This process usually starts with small- to medium-sized plaques. Potential determinants of plaque rupture are the composition of the lesion (large lipid-rich core), damage of the fibrous cap (destabilization by chronic inflammation) and hemodynamic stress. According to pathological observations, fissuring of atherosclerotic lesions is a frequent event, while the formation of overlying large thrombi (with progression of stenosis or vessel occlusion) is definitely rare. This conjecture emphasizes the significance of local and systemic thrombus-promoting factors. Actually, the risk profile of advanced atherogenesis in the Bruneck Study was primarily composed of markers of enhanced prothrombotic capacity, attenuated fibrinolysis and clinical conditions known to interfere with coagulation. Almost all subjects with > or =3 procoagulant risk conditions developed carotid stenosis or showed progression of preexisting stenosis during a 5-year period. Increasing insights into the complex biology of arterial atheroma and awareness of the etiologic peculiarities of advanced complicated plaques may serve as a basis for identifying high-risk subjects and for novel vascular prevention strategies with focus on plaque stabilization and antithrombotic/anticoagulant measures.
Quantitatively-reliable analytic approximation for the single atom HHG spectrum (2006)

A quantitatively-reliable analytic approximation for the single atom (described by an effective single electron potential) HHG spectrum is given, opening the route to the first absolute ab-initio quantitative prediction of experimental HHG intensities.
Unilateral Severe Chronic Periodontitis Associated With Ipsilateral Surgical Resection of Cranial Nerves V, VI, and VII (2006)

This case report suggests that periodontal innervation may contribute to the regulation of local processes involved in periodontitis pathogenesis. It also suggests that periodontal therapy can be performed successfully at sites and in patients affected by paralysis.
Decomposition and distributed algorithms for home healthcare routing and scheduling problem (2017)

Many people in need of care still live in their homes, requiring the caretakers to travel to them. Assigning the people to caretakers and generating their schedules can be formulated as a mixed integer linear programming problem (MILP) that inherits many features of the well-known vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW). Currently, the most successful exact algorithms for VRPTW are based on branch and price framework, which combine column generation (CG) and branching. While these methods could be successful for Home Healthcare Routing and Scheduling Problem (HHCRSP) as well, fast approximate algorithms are appealing, especially for large problems. We recently employed a heuristic distributed gossip algorithm to solve HHCRSP. The method had the potential to provide approximate solutions for relatively large problem instances, but its effectiveness was limited to the performance of its local MILP solver. In this paper, we integrate the gossip algorithm with a local solver based on CG, which makes it an effective algorithm for larger problem instances. We also provide numerical experiments and complexity evaluations of the improved gossip algorithm (gossip-CG) with the standard gossip (gossip-MILP) and CG, and show that gossip-CG outperforms the pure CG in case of large problems.
Localization of the Palmitoylation Site in the Transmembrane Protein p12E of Friend Murine Leukaemia Virus (1995)

Friend murine leukaemia virus complex was propagated on murine cells in the presence of [9,10-3H]palmitic acid. Virus particles were harvested from the culture supernatant and lysed with detergents. The viral transmembrane protein, p12E, was isolated from the lysates by size-exclusion chromatography and purified by narrowbore reverse-phase HPLC. Analysis of the purified product by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) revealed that the protein is palmitoylated carrying one fatty acid residue. The radiolabelled fatty acid was released by hydroxylamine treatment at pH 7, indicating that acylation occurred via a thioester linkage. For allocation of the acylation site, p12E was digested with trypsin. The resulting peptides were either directly subjected to MALDI-TOF-MS or fractionated by microbore reverse-phase HPLC prior to mass spectrometry. The results revealed that p12E of Friend murine leukaemia virus is acylated at a cysteine residue situated at the C-terminal side of the putative transmembrane anchor of the polypeptide. Fatty acid analysis of the purified acylpeptide demonstrated that p12E carries almost exclusively palmitic acid.
Detection of intracoronary thrombus by magnetic resonance imaging in patients with acute coronary syndrome (2010)

Introduction Persistent intracoronary thrombus following plaque rupture is associated with an increased risk of subsequent myocardial infarction and mortality (Svilaas et al. N Engl J Med 2008;358:557-67). Clinically, coronary thrombus can only be visualized invasively by x-ray angiography (XRA), intravascular ultrasound, or angioscopy while preclinical studies with a fibrin-binding MR contrast agent have demonstrated the feasibility of non-invasive MR coronary thrombus imaging (Botnar et al. Circulation 2004). In addition, non-contrast enhanced T1 weighted MRI has been shown useful for direct imaging of carotid thrombus and intraplaque hemorrhage by taking advantage of the short T1 of methemoglobin present in acute thrombus and intraplaque hemorrhage (Moody et al. Circulation 2003;107:3047-3052).
Wafer bonding — A powerful tool for MEMS (2007)

Wafer bonding techniques play a key role in the present day silicon bulk micromachining for MEMS based sensors and actuators. Various silicon wafer bonding techniques and their role on MEMS devices such as pressure sensors, accelerometers and micropump have been discussed. The results on the piezoresistive pressure sensors monolithically integrated with a MOSFET differential amplifier circuit have been presented to demonstrate the important role played by the Silicon Fusion Bonding technique for integration of sensors with electronics on a single chip.