gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sympathetic ophthalmia presenting 5 days after penetrating injury (2020)

This is the earliest reported case of sympathetic ophthalmia, to our knowledge, and it presented without visual symptoms only five days after penetrating trauma. This case suggests that routine examination should start before the typical 14 days associated with development of sympathetic ophthalmia.
Selective Conjugate Reduction of α,β-Unsaturated Esters and Amides via SmI2-Promoted Electron Transfer Process (1991)

Abstract α,β-Unsaturated esters and amides were rapidly and selectively reduced to the corresponding saturated ones under mild conditions without affecting coexisting isolated double or triple bonds by using the reduction system, SmI2-N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA)-proton source.
Ivermectin 1% Cream (2017)

ABSTRACT A drug is defined as a substance that exerts a physiologic effect upon introduction to a biological system. These drugs may come in various forms including ingested pills, topical creams or ointments, and inhaled or injected substances. The purpose of this column is to bring attention to common drugs used in dermatology, their usage and purpose, their mechanisms, and available alternatives. This edition focuses on ivermectin and its usage in treatment of rosacea.
Catalytic Asymmetric Epoxidation of α-Methyl α,β-Unsaturated Anilides as Ester Surrogates (2006)

Catalytic asymmetric epoxidation of α-methyl α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives was achieved using anilide as a template. The Pr(Oi-Pr)3-6,6′-Ph-BINOL complex (10 mol%) with a Ph3P(O) (30 mol%) additive promoted the epoxidation of anilides in up to 99% yield and 88% ee. For α-methyl-β-Ph α,β-unsaturated anilide, the Gd(Oi-Pr)3-6,6′-I-BINOL complex (10 mol%) with Ar3P(O) (30 mol%, Ar = 4-methoxyphenyl) was suitable, giving epoxide in 87% yield and 78% ee.
LEED‐AES‐Untersuchungen der Oxydation von austenitischen Cr‐Ni‐Stählen an der (100)‐Ebene (1978)

Abstract Es wird die Oxydation von austenitischem Cr–Ni‐Stahl an der (100)‐Fläche untersucht. Der betrachtete Temperaturbereich reicht von Raumtemperatur bis zu 1000°C. Die Oxydation beginnt mit der Bildung von Chromoxid (Cr 2 O 3 ). Anschließend entsteht Eisenoxid (Fe 3 O 4 ), das im Laufe der Reaktion das Chromoxid zudeckt. Bei 500°C zerfällt Fe 3 O 4 und wächst die Chromoxidschicht. Bei 700°C beobachtet man im LEED‐Bild Cr 2 O 3 (111) und ab 750°C kann man darauf FeO(111) nachweisen. Ab 1000°C ist die Oxidschicht zerstört. Alle angeführten Oxide wachsen inselförmig.
Cosmetic Surgery Volume and Its Correlation With the Major US Stock Market Indices (2010)

This study, to our knowledge, is the first to suggest a direct correlation of four cosmetic and two reconstructive plastic surgery procedures to the three major US stock market indices and further emphasizes the importance of a broad-based plastic surgery practice in times of economic recession.
Predicting thermal behavior for temperature management in time-critical multicore systems (2013)

Multi-core System-on-Chip (SoC) has become a popular execution platform for many embedded real-time systems that require high performance and low power-consumption. High temperature is known to accelerate the failure of deep submicron chips. To prevent such accelerated failures due to chip overheating, various thermal-aware scheduling (TAS) algorithms and dynamic thermal management (DTM) have been proposed and applied to mission/safety-critical applications. To control on-chip temperature more effectively, it is necessary to predict the thermal dynamics of a multi-core chip in real time and trigger appropriate power/temperature management before overheating the chip. However, due to dynamically-changing runtime environments, it is very difficult to estimate the chip temperature on-the-fly. In this paper, we propose models of efficiently estimating multi-core chip temperature while accounting for the system dynamics in real time. Based on these models, we design a proactive peak temperature manager (PTM) which periodically estimates future core temperature and triggers proper DTMs on the estimated-to-be-overheated cores for their cooling without violating applications timing constraints. Our in-depth evaluation based on the HotSpot thermal simulator has shown that the proposed method can predict the occurrence of peak temperature in a core with 90-98% accuracy, and using the estimated thermal model of a multi-core chip, PTM can effectively keep core temperature below a given threshold without violating any timing constraint.
Modeling Nonlinear Audio Effects with End-to-end Deep Neural Networks (2019)

In the context of music production, distortion effects are mainly used for aesthetic reasons and are usually applied to electric musical instruments. Most existing methods for nonlinear modeling are often either simplified or optimized to a very specific circuit. In this work, we investigate deep learning architectures for audio processing and we aim to find a general purpose end-to-end deep neural network to perform modeling of nonlinear audio effects. We show the network modeling various nonlinearities and we discuss the generalization capabilities among different instruments.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Bi‐ and Tricyclic Lactones with Quaternary Chiral Centers. (1990)

Abstract The chiral furanone (II) reacts with cyclopentadiene (I) or 2,3‐dimethylbutadiene (VIII) to form the Diels‐Alder adducts (III) or (IX).
Implementing Sponsored Search in Web Search Engines: Computational Evaluation of Alternative Mechanisms (2007)

The practice of sponsored search advertising—where advertisers pay a fee to appear alongside particular Web search results—is now one of the largest and fastest growing source of revenue for Web search engines. We model and compare several mechanisms for allocating sponsored slots, including stylized versions of those used by Overture and Google, the two biggest brokers of sponsored search. The performance of these mechanisms depends on the degree of correlation between providers’ willingness to pay and their relevance to the search term. Ranking providers based on the product of relevance and bid price performs well and is robust across varying degrees of correlation. Ranking purely based on bid price fares nearly as well when bids and relevance are positively correlated (the expected regime), and is further enhanced by adding an editorial filter. Regardless of the allocation mechanism, sponsored search revenues are lower when users’ attention decays quickly at lower ranks, emphasizing the need to develop better user interfaces and control features. The search engine can address initial inscience of relevance scores by modifying rank allocations over time as it observes clickthroughs at each rank. We propose a rank-revision strategy that weights clicks on lower ranked items more than clicks on higher ranked items. This method is shown to converge to the optimal (maximum revenue) ordering faster and more consistently than other methods.
Disruption of the LOV−Jα Helix Interaction Activates Phototropin Kinase Activity (2004)

Light plays a crucial role in activating phototropins, a class of plant photoreceptors that are sensitive to blue and UV-A wavelengths. Previous studies indicated that phototropin uses a bound flavin mononucleotide (FMN) within its light-oxygen-voltage (LOV) domain to generate a protein-flavin covalent bond under illumination. In the C-terminal LOV2 domain of Avena sativa phototropin 1, formation of this bond triggers a conformational change that results in unfolding of a helix external to this domain called Jalpha [Harper, S. M., et al. (2003) Science 301, 1541-1545]. Though the structural effects of illumination were characterized, it was unknown how these changes are coupled to kinase activation. To examine this, we made a series of point mutations along the Jalpha helix to disrupt its interaction with the LOV domain in a manner analogous to light activation. Using NMR spectroscopy and limited proteolysis, we demonstrate that several of these mutations displace the Jalpha helix from the LOV domain independently of illumination. When placed into the full-length phototropin protein, these point mutations display constitutive kinase activation, without illumination of the sample. These results indicate that unfolding of the Jalpha helix is the critical event in regulation of kinase signaling for the phototropin proteins.
Spontane Osteonekrose des Kniegelenkes: MRT im Vergleich zur CT, Szintigraphie und Histologie (1995)

MR imaging detects granulation tissue adjacent to the necrotic zone. Using morphological and signal intensity criteria, MR imaging can be utilised to differentiate spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee from osteochondritis dissecans, degenerative osteoarthritis, and other conditions affecting the knee joint.
Analysis of RF transmit performance for a multi-row multi-channel MRI loop array at 300 and 400 MHz (2011)

We present a numerical investigation of the near radiofrequency fields generated by a set of multi-row multichannel MRI loop array at 300 and 400 MHz using RF circuit and frequency domain 3-D EM co-simulation. Significant improvement of B 1 + homogeneity with a simultaneous increase of coverage in the axial direction can be obtained by using a multi-row array together with a static volume RF shim. At 300 MHz increasing element number more than four inside one row, results in no improvement of B 1 + homogeneity in case of static volume RF shimming, higher element coupling and fabrication complexity.
Multiscale Strain as a Predictor of Impact-Induced Fissuring in Articular Cartilage (2016)

Mechanical damage is central to both initiation and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). However, specific causal links between mechanics and cartilage damage are incompletely understood, which results in an inability to predict failure. The lack of understanding is primarily due to the difficulty in simultaneously resolving the high rates and small length scales relevant to the problem and in correlating such measurements to the resulting fissures. This study leveraged microscopy and high-speed imaging to resolve mechanics on the previously unexamined time and length scales of interest in cartilage damage, and used those mechanics to develop predictive models. The specific objectives of this study were to: first, quantify bulk and local mechanics during impact-induced fissuring; second, develop predictive models of fissuring based on bulk mechanics and local strain; and third, evaluate the accuracy of these models in predicting fissures. To achieve these three objectives, bovine tibial cartilage was impacted using a custom spring-loaded device mounted on an inverted microscope. The occurrence of fissures was modulated by varying impact energy. For the first objective, during impact, deformation was captured at 10,000 frames per second and bulk and local mechanics were analyzed. For the second objective, data from samples impacted with a 1.2 mm diameter rod were fit to logistic regression functions, creating models of fissure probability based on bulk and local mechanics. Finally, for the third objective, data from samples impacted with a 0.8 mm diameter rod were used to test the accuracy of model predictions. This study provides a direct comparison between bulk and local mechanical thresholds for the prediction of fissures in cartilage samples, and demonstrates that local mechanics provide more accurate predictions of local failure than bulk mechanics provide. Bulk mechanics were accurate predictors of fissure for the entire sample cohort, but poor predictors of fissure for individual samples. Local strain fields were highly heterogeneous and significant differences were determined between fissured and intact samples, indicating the presence of damage thresholds. In particular, first principal strain rate and maximum shear strain were the best predictors of local failure, as determined by concordance statistics. These data provide an important step in establishing causal links between local mechanics and cartilage damage; ultimately, data such as these can be used to link macro- and micro-scale mechanics and thereby predict mechanically mediated disease on a subject-specific basis.
Information extraction from semi-structured and un-structured documents using probabilistic context free grammar inference (2012)

Large number of research papers are available in the form of un-structured (text) format. Knowledge discovery in un-structured document has been recognized as promising task. These documents are typically formatted for human viewing, which varies widely from document to document. Frequent change in their formatting causes difficulties in constructing a global schema. Thus, discovery of interesting rules from it is a complex and tedious process. Recently, conditional random fields (CRFs) and hand-coded wrappers have been used to label the text (such as Title, Author Name(s), Affiliation, Email, Contact number, etc. in research papers). In this paper we propose a novel hybrid approach to infer grammar rules using alignment similarity and probabilistic context free grammar. It helps in extracting desired information from the document.
Cellular Osmoregulation in Kidney Medulla (1998)

Research Articles| August 05 2010 Die Verwertbarkeit verschiedener Kohlenstoffquellen durch Mycelium Radicis atrovirens Melin Subject Area: Further Areas , Oncology , Pathology and Cell Biology C.L. Schelling C.L. Schelling (Aus dem Institut für landwirtschaftliche Bakteriologie und Gärungsbiologie deΓ ETH., Zürich) Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Schweizerische Zeitschrift für allgemeine Pathologie und Bakteriologie (1950) 13 (5): 570–574. https://doi.org/10.1159/000159912 Article history Published Online: August 05 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation C.L. Schelling; Die Verwertbarkeit verschiedener Kohlenstoffquellen durch Mycelium Radicis atrovirens Melin. Schweizerische Zeitschrift für allgemeine Pathologie und Bakteriologie 1 May 1950; 13 (5): 570–574. https://doi.org/10.1159/000159912 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsSchweizerische Zeitschrift für allgemeine Pathologie und Bakteriologie Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1950Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
Interferometric measurements of displacement on a diffusing target by a speckle tracking technique (2001)

Operation of a laser interferometer with a noncooperative target surface, and on a substantial span of displacement (1 m), is reported for the first time to our knowledge. In the paper, we first analyze the errors of an interferometer operating in the speckle pattern regime, then propose the technique of tracking the speckle relative maximum amplitude as a solution for problems so far preventing interferometric measurements of large displacements. Examples of the speckle-statistics improvements are reported. Residual errors are of the order of few wavelengths on a 1-m displacement, indicating that a 10/sup -6/-class instrument can be developed. The proposed approach has been implemented with an injection interferometer.
Myeloablative Conditioning Is Preferred for Allogeneic Transplantation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes with Low/Intermediate but Not High Disease Risk Index (2019)

Although some data (Scott, JCO 2017) suggest that myeloablative conditioning (MAC) is preferred for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), these data were not informed by analysis of disease specific risk factors. We analyzed AML and MDS HCT outcomes stratified by the disease risk index (DRI) in order to identify the preferred transplant conditioning intensity (reduced-intensity conditioning [RIC] vs. MAC). In this large CIBMTR registry study we identified 4387 adult patients (age 40-65 years) who received HCT for AML (68%) or MDS (32%) between 2009 and 2015. DRI was stratified as low/ intermediate risk (1539 MAC and 999 RIC) and high/ very high risk (1121 MAC and 728 RIC). Examining the low/ intermediate risk DRI cohort (Table), RIC was associated with lower risk of TRM (HR=0.74, 95% CI 0.62-0.88; p&lt;0.001) but significantly higher risk of relapse (HR=1.54, 95% CI 1.35-1.76; p&lt;0.001). As a result, RFS in this cohort was significantly worse with RIC (HR=1.19, 95% CI 1.07-1.33; p=0.001). In the high/ very high risk DRI cohort, RIC resulted in similar TRM (HR=0.83, 95% CI 0.68-1.00; p=0.051) but again significantly higher risk of relapse (HR=1.23, 95% CI 1.08-1.41; p=0.002). RFS in high/ very high risk DRI cohort was similar between RIC and MAC. Adjusted outcome curves for the 3 endpoints are shown in the Figure. In this large study of HCT for AML or MDS stratified by DRI, RIC was independent predictor of lower TRM, but significantly higher risk of relapse. The MAC was an independent predictor of lower relapse in both low/ intermediate and high/very high DRI groups. However, MAC only resulted in RFS benefit in the low/ intermediate group where the magnitude of impact on relapse was not offset by the higher TRM. In adults with AML or MDS aged 40-65 years, these data support MAC as the preferred conditioning intensity for low/ intermediate risk DRI, whereas MAC does not provide significant benefit in those with high/ very high risk DRI. Safer, yet still potent MAC regimens could benefit this higher risk group. Disclosures Bejanyan: Kiadis Pharma: Other: advisory board. Brunstein:Gamida: Research Funding; Astex: Research Funding; Magenta: Research Funding. Kebriaei:Amgen: Research Funding; Jazz: Consultancy; Pfizer: Honoraria; Kite: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria; Kite: Honoraria. Weisdorf:Fate Therapeutics: Consultancy; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy; Incyte: Research Funding.
Dye Molecules for Simple Co‐Sensitization Process: Fabrication of Mixed‐Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells (2012)

Farbstoffe und ihre Empfindlichkeiten: Die Cosensibilisierung der TiO2-Elektrode mit PcS15 und dem Farbstoff D131 ergibt einen drastisch erhöhten Photostrom für das gesamte sichtbare Spektrum. Somit steht ein einfacher Weg für die Entwicklung von Farbstoffsolarzellen offen. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A novel flexible strain gauge sensor fabricated using screen printing (2012)

A novel flexible strain gauge sensor was successfully screen printed on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate using silver (Ag) ink as metallization. The electro-mechanical characteristics of the printed strain gauge sensor were investigated by subjecting the sensor to a cyclic 3-point bend fatigue test. The sensors were subjected to an elongation of 1 mm and 2 mm, for 10,000 cycles at 0.5 Hz. Resistance changes of 0.64 % and 1.89 % were observed for the 1 mm and 2 mm elongations, respectively. An average increase of 9 % in the resistance was calculated for every 0.004 mm/mm increase in the strain, during a strain analysis test performed on the sensor. These responses of the fabricated sensor demonstrate its potential to be used in sensing applications for safety measures.
Targeting drug tolerance in mycobacteria: a perspective from mycobacterial biofilms (2012)

Multidrug chemotherapy for 6-9-months is one of the primary treatments in effective control of tuberculosis, although the mechanisms underlying the persistence of its etiological agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, against antibiotics remain unclear. Ever-mounting evidence indicates that the survival of many environmental and pathogenic microbial species against antibiotics is influenced by their ability to grow as surface-associated multicellular communities called biofilms. In recent years, several mycobacterial species, including M. tuberculosis, have been found to form drug-tolerant biofilms in vitro through genetically controlled mechanisms. In this review, the authors discuss the relevance of the in vitro mycobacterial biofilms in understanding the antibiotic recalcitrance of tuberculosis infections.
BETting on stem cell expansion (2020)

For decades, the expansion of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) has been an elusive goal. In this issue of Blood, Hua et al took a step toward reaching this goal by demonstrating that the addition of the small molecule bromodomain and extra-terminal motif (BET) inhibitor CPI203 to a cytokine cocktail results in expansion of serially transplantable long-term repopulating HSCs (LT-HSCs). They also showed enhancement of their potential to differentiate into megakaryocytes (MKs).(1)
Improving the blind restoration of retinal images by means of point-spread-function estimation assessment (2015)

Retinal images often suffer from blurring which hinders disease diagnosis and progression assessment. The restoration of the images is carried out by means of blind deconvolution, but the success of the restoration depends on the correct estimation of the point-spread-function (PSF) that blurred the image. The restoration can be space-invariant or space-variant. Because a retinal image has regions without texture or sharp edges, the blind PSF estimation may fail. In this paper we propose a strategy for the correct assessment of PSF estimation in retinal images for restoration by means of space-invariant or space-invariant blind deconvolution. Our method is based on a decomposition in Zernike coefficients of the estimated PSFs to identify valid PSFs. This significantly improves the quality of the image restoration revealed by the increased visibility of small details like small blood vessels and by the lack of restoration artifacts.