gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nb ‐Doped 0.9 BaTiO 3 –0.1( Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 ) TiO 3 Ceramics with Stable Dielectric Properties at High Temperature (2011)

Nb ‐doped 0.9 BaTiO 3 –0.1 Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 (0.9 BT –0.1 BNT ) ceramics were prepared by conventional solid‐state method. The dielectric and the structural properties were investigated. It was found that the temperature–capacitance characteristics greatly depended on Nb 2 O 5 content. With the addition of 2.0 mol% Nb 2 O 5 , 0.9 BT –0.1 BNT ceramic sample could satisfy the EIA X9R specification. This material was promising for high‐temperature MLCC application. Microstructure element distribution was studied using TEM and EDS . The Bi and Na were almost homogeneously distributed except grain‐boundary segregation of Bi . The Nb exhibited a nonuniform distribution from the grain boundary to the interior, showing the simultaneous presence of Nb ‐rich and Nb ‐poor regions. Such microheterogeneity gave rise to the temperature stability of permittivity. The solution‐precipitation mechanism was introduced to elucidate the evolution of microstructures. Degradation and recovery of insulation resistance were observed under a dc bias at 200°C, which was attributed to the electromigration and diffusion of Na + .
Genetic analysis of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome from HCV-infected human T cells. (1997)

We recently established a cell culture system for the replication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) by using a human T cell leukaemia virus type I-infected cell line, MT-2, and showed that the quasi-species of the hypervariable region 1 observed in the original inoculum became homogeneous in MT-2 cells 10 days after inoculation of HCV. In this study, we obtained HCV cDNA clones covering the whole viral genome by RT-nested PCR using RNA from HCV-infected cloned MT-2C cells, which support viral replication more efficiently, at 12 days after inoculation. A total of 41 distinct HCV cDNA clones covering almost the whole viral genome were also isolated from a cDNA library derived from the original inoculum. Molecular evolutional analyses comparing the sequences of the HCV clones obtained from both sources revealed that the HCV populations became homogeneous in more than half of the compared regions. This finding suggests that limited HCV populations are able to replicate in MT-2C cells. In addition, we isolated cDNA clones containing a 3' X-tail sequence, which was recently identified as a bona fide 3' terminus of the HCV genome, in the HCV-infected MT-2C cells and confirmed that the nucleotide sequence of the 3' X-tail was highly conserved, suggesting its implication in HCV replication. Finally, on the basis of the sequences of HCV cDNA clones obtained from HCV-infected MT-2C cells, we determined the entire nucleotide sequence of the HCV genome containing the 3' X-tail as a candidate for an infectious HCV molecular clone.
Compact Pulsed-Power System for Transient Plasma Ignition (2009)

The use of a compact solid-state pulse generator and compact igniters for transient plasma ignition in a pulse detonation engine (PDE) is reported and compared with previous results using a pseudospark pulse generator and threaded rod electrode. Transient plasma is attractive as a technology for the ignition of PDEs and other engine applications because it results in reductions in ignition delay and has been shown to ignite leaner mixtures which allows for lower specific fuel consumption, high-repetition rates, high-altitude operation, and reduced NOx emissions. It has been applied effectively to the ignition of PDEs as well as internal combustion engines. Nonequilibrium transient plasma discharges are produced by applying high-voltage nanosecond pulses that generate streamers, which generate radicals and other electronically excited species over a volume. The pulse generator used is in this experiment is capable of delivering 180 mJ into a 200-¿ load, in the form of a 60-kV 12-ns pulse. Combined with transient plasma igniters comparable with traditional spark plugs, the system was successfully tested in a PDE, resulting in similar ignition delays to those previously reported while using a smaller electrode geometry and delivering an order of magnitude less energy.
Capnocytophaga Bacteremia in a Patient with Hodgkin's Disease following Bone Marrow Transplantation: Case Report and Review (1992)

Capnocytophaga is a gram-negative, capnophilic, facultatively anaerobic bacillus that normally inhabits the oral cavity. We report the case of a patient who developed capnocytophaga bacteremia following autologous bone marrow transplantation for Hodgkin's disease, and we review other reported cases of capnocytophaga bacteremia in immunocompromised patients. In our case infection followed pretransplantation conditioning and was associated with severe oral mucositis and neutropenia. Antibiotic therapy resulted in clinical resolution of infection. Capnocytophaga bacteremia should be included in the differential diagnosis of febrile neutropenia in immunocompromised patients (e.g., those undergoing bone marrow transplantation) especially in the presence of mucositis and gingival bleeding.
Lossless Zero-Index Guided Modes via Bound States in the Continuum (2019)

Zero-index metamaterials are sought for a number of applications, but have thus far always been associated with significant optical loss. We overcome this shortcoming by designing non-radiative zero-index modes in an all-dielectric photonic crystal slab. © 2019 The Author(s)
A combinatorial approach to Rauzy-type dynamics I: permutations and the Kontsevich--Zorich--Boissy classification theorem (2017)

Rauzy-type dynamics are group actions on a collection of combinatorial objects. The first and best known example concerns an action on permutations, associated to interval exchange transformations (IET) for the Poincaré map on compact orientable translation surfaces. The equivalence classes on the objects induced by the group action are related to components of the moduli spaces of Abelian differentials with prescribed singularities, and, in two variants of the problem, have been classified by Kontsevich and Zorich, and by Boissy, through methods involving both combinatorics and algebraic geometry. We provide here a purely combinatorial proof of both classification theorems, and in passing establish a few previously unnoticed features. As will be shown elsewhere, our methods extend also to other Rauzy-type dynamics, both on labeled and unlabeled structures. Some of these dynamics have a geometrical interpretation (e.g., matchings, related to IET on non-orientable surfaces), while some others do not have one so far.
Building the PolarGrid portal using web 2.0 and OpenSocial (2009)

Science requires collaboration. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of coupling current social networking techniques to science gateways to provide a scientific collaboration model. We are particularly interested in the integration of local and third party services, since we believe the latter provide more long-term sustainability than gateway-provided service instances alone. Our prototype use case for this study is the PolarGrid portal, in which we combine typical science portal functionality with widely used collaboration tools. Our goal is to determine the feasibility of rapidly developing a collaborative science gateway that incorporates third-party collaborative services with more typical science gateway capabilities. We specifically investigate Google Gadget, OpenSocial, and related standards.
Diabetic arthropathy of the first metatarsal cuneiform joint. Introduction of a new surgical fusion technique. (1987)

This paper describes the surgical treatment of advanced arthropathy of the first metatarsal cuneiform joint in the diabetic patient. A new surgical procedure is described as performed on a 59-year-old black diabetic woman with advanced arthropathy of the first metatarsal cuneiform joint. A brief review of diabetic arthropathy is presented, with special emphasis on the first metatarsal cuneiform joint involvement. The authors believe that with early diagnosis and surgical fusion, the process of rapid tarsal disintegration can be prevented.
Ticagrelor or Prasugrel for Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Treated With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (2021)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01944800.
Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus among blood donors on Corsica, France, 2017 (2020)

BackgroundHepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen and an important cause of acute viral hepatitis in European countries. Corsica Island has been previously identified as a hyperendemic area for HEV.AimOur aim was to characterise the prevalence and titres of IgG antibodies to HEV among blood donors on Corsica and establish a model of the annual force of infection.MethodsBetween September 2017 and January 2018, 2,705 blood donations were tested for anti-HEV IgG using the Wantai HEV IgG enzyme immunoassay.ResultsThe overall seroprevalence was 56.1%. In multivariate analysis, seroprevalence was higher in men than in women (60.0% vs 52.2%; p < 0.01), increased with age and was significantly higher among donors born on Corsica (60.6% vs 53.2%; p < 0.01). No significant difference was observed between the five districts of the island. IgG anti-HEV titres were mostly low (70% of positive donors had titres < 3 IU/mL). In Corsican natives, increasing seroprevalence by age could be explained by models capturing a loss of immunity (annual probability of infection: 4.5%; duration of immunity: 55 years) or by age-specific probabilities of infection (3.8% for children, 1.3% for adults).ConclusionWe confirmed the high HEV seroprevalence on Corsica and identified three aspects that should be further explored: (i) the epidemiology in those younger than 18 years, (ii) common sources of contamination, in particular drinking water, that may explain the wide exposure of the population, and (iii) the actual protection afforded by the low IgG titres observed and the potential susceptibility to secondary HEV infection.
A Comparison of Two Similarity Measures in Intensity-based Ultrasound Image Registration (2006)

Image registration is a basic problem during image analysis and image processing.Image registration has been widely applied in the fields of medical image,remote sensing and computer vision.This paper investigates two registration methods for ultrasound image relying on the intensity-based similarity measure.In the first method intensity information is provided by feature points which have been extracted using Harris corner detector.The registration similarity measure is then defined as a cost-function-error cost function.In the latter method the same cost-function is employed,but uniqueness control and region correspondence are different from the first method.Given this similarity measure,parametric ultrasound image registration is stated as a minimization issue.The experiment even exploits polynomial technique to transform the whole image dataset and estimates the sum of square error in the first method.Image quality is one of the most important issues in ultrasound imaging.Ultrasound images tend to be noisy due to the presence of speckle.Speckle originates from the constructive-destructive interference of the ultrasound pulses,and is produced to some extent by all ultrasound machines.This paper shows that it is possible to perform accurate registration on data from in-vivo examinations.The result indicates that the two methods are robust and meet our requirements,but the latter outperforms the first one.It can match B-scans and areas with certain angel,severe deformation and even with plus noise.
Human-centered feed-forward control of a vehicle steering system based on a driver's steering model (2015)

To improve the vehicle's path-following performance and reduce the driver's work load, a control strategy for a vehicle steering system with an embedded driver model is presented based on the driver's steering behavior. Then, a new driver model of path-following is proposed according to general driver behaviors and is integrated into a vehicle bicycle model. The driver model and the human-centered feed-forward control offer tunable parameters of the steering systems, allowing the driver's work load to decrease. Then, a human-in-the-loop-based vehicle steering system was developed. Subsequently, a double lane changing test was conducted to verify the benefits of the proposed vehicle steering system with the integrated driver model. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed vehicle steering system with embedded driver model could complete the given task of tracking the desired path and decrease the driver's mental and physical work-loads, compared with the vehicle steering system without the driver model.
Tumor necrosis factor and norepinephrine lower the levels of human neutrophil peptides 1-3 secretion by mixed synovial tissue cultures in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis (2010)

This study demonstrated an inhibitory effect of norepinephrine on HNP1-3 of mixed synovial cells. In light of these findings, the loss of sympathetic nerve fibers with low resting norepinephrine levels might also augment the inflammatory process through HNP1-3.
A self-learning TLBO based dynamic economic/environmental dispatch considering multiple plug-in electric vehicle loads (2014)

Economic and environmental load dispatch aims to determine the amount of electricity generated from power plants to meet load demand while minimizing fossil fuel costs and air pollution emissions subject to operational and licensing requirements. These two scheduling problems are commonly formulated with non-smooth cost functions respectively considering various effects and constraints, such as the valve point effect, power balance and ramp rate limits. The expected increase in plug-in electric vehicles is likely to see a significant impact on the power system due to high charging power consumption and significant uncertainty in charging times. In this paper, multiple electric vehicle charging profiles are comparatively integrated into a 24-hour load demand in an economic and environment dispatch model. Self-learning teaching-learning based optimization (TLBO) is employed to solve the non-convex non-linear dispatch problems. Numerical results on well-known benchmark functions, as well as test systems with different scales of generation units show the significance of the new scheduling method.
Improving Transient Performance of Automated Convoy Vehicles using Command Shaping (2008)

This paper documents the effectiveness of command shaping techniques on the vehicle spacing and velocity control of automated vehicle convoys. The control approach is based only on distance measurements between platoon vehicles. The lead vehicle longitudinal control is developed to follow a reference velocity. The follower vehicles maintain the desired spacing using distance measurements to the preceding and following vehicles. When a command shaper is used to modify the reference velocity, errors in vehicle spacing are reduced. This approach leads to more physically realizable controller efforts for the follower vehicles and helps maintain and improve string stability.
P069. The haptoglobin phenotype influences the risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in kidney transplant patients (2011)

Speeckaert, R.a; Brochez, L.a; Lambert, J.a; van Geel, N.a; Speeckaert, M.M.b; Claeys, L.b; Langlois, M.c; Van Laer, C.c; Peeters, P.d; Delanghe, J.R.b Author Information
Design and laser performance of diode-laser side-pumped Nd:YAG lasers operating at high output powers (1995)

Diode-pumped solid-state lasers are attractive sources for various applications in materials processing and laser-based metrology. These laser systems are reliable and highly efficient. Furthermore their operational lifetime is in the range of several ten of thousands of hours. In the low-power regime, the longitudinal pump geometry is applied,1 but power-scaling possibilities of end-pumped configurations are limited because of the thinduced stress fracture of the laser materials.2 By applying the transverse pump geometry output powers beyond 100 W can be realized.3
Surface-Specific Spectroscopy of Water at a Potentiostatically Controlled Supported Graphene Monolayer (2019)

Knowledge of the structure of interfacial water molecules at electrified solid materials is the first step toward a better understanding of important processes at such surfaces, in, e.g., electrochemistry, atmospheric chemistry, and membrane biophysics. As graphene is an interesting material with multiple potential applications such as in transistors or sensors, we specifically investigate the graphene-water interface. We use sum-frequency generation spectroscopy to investigate the pH- and potential-dependence of the interfacial water structure in contact with a chemical vapor deposited (CVD) grown graphene surface. Our results show that the SFG signal from the interfacial water molecules at the graphene layer is dominated by the underlying substrate and that there are water molecules between the graphene and the (hydrophilic) supporting substrate.
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Zebra Finch Discerns the Neural Substrate Involved in Segregation of Conspecific Song From Background Noise (2007)

Recently, fMRI was introduced in a well-documented animal model for vocal learning, the songbird. Using fMRI and conspecific signals mixed with different levels of broadband noise, we now demonstrate auditory-induced activation representing discriminatory properties of auditory forebrain regions in anesthetized male zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). Earlier behavioral tests showed comparable calling responses to the original conspecific song stimulus heard outside and inside the magnet. A significant fMRI response was elicited by conspecific song in the primary auditory thalamo-recipient subfield L2a; in neighboring subareas L2b, L3, and L; and in the rostral part of the higher-order auditory area NCM (caudomedial nidopallium). Temporal BOLD response clustering revealed rostral and caudal clusters that we defined as "cluster Field L" and "cluster NCM", respectively. However, because the actual border between caudal Field L subregions and NCM cannot be seen in the structural MR image and is not precisely reported elsewhere, the cluster NCM might also contain subregion L and the medial extremes of the subregions L2b and L3. Our results show that whereas in cluster Field L the response was not reduced by added noise, in cluster NCM the response was reduced and finally disappeared with increasing levels of noise added to the song stimulus. The activation in cluster NCM was significant for only two experimental stimuli that showed significantly more behavioral responses than the more degraded stimuli, suggesting that the first area within the auditory system where the ability to discern song from masking noise emerges is located in cluster NCM.
Non Allergic Rhinitis: Demography of Eosinophils in Nasal Smear, Blood Total Eosinophil Counts and IgE Levels (1985)

Seventy-eight consecutive patients with non allergic rhinitis (negative allergy skin tests) were evaluated and classified as to possible causes using strict criteria. Sixty-one percent had vasomotor rhinitis (VMR), 33% had non allergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome (NARES), 16% had sinusitis, 12% had a possible hidden allergy (elevated IgE), 4% had blood eosinophilic non allergic rhinitis (BENAR) and 2% had hypothyroidism. Some overlapping of diagnosis was present. Five per cent or greater eosinophils in the nasal smear appeared to be enough to consider the diagnosis of NARES. Sinusitis tended to be more significant in the NARES group compared to VMR. BENARS may be a new syndrome. It differs from NARES in that BENARS has markedly elevated blood eosinophilia and possibly no associated sinusitis. It is similar to NARES in that it has negative allergy skin test, normal serum IgE, and eosinophils in nasal secretions. Other causes of eosinophilia were excluded in our NARES and BENARS groups.
Image reconstruction in the gigavision camera (2009)

Recently we have proposed a new image device called the gigavision camera. The main feature of this camera is that the pixels have a binary response. The response function of a gigavision sensor is non-linear and similar to a logarithmic function, which makes the camera suitable for high dynamic range imaging. Since the sensor can detect a single photon, the camera is very sensitive and can be used for night vision and astronomical imaging. One important aspect of the gigavision camera is how to estimate the light intensity through binary observations. We model the light intensity field as 2D piecewise constant and use Maximum Penalized Likelihood Estimation (MPLE) to recover it. Dynamic programming is used to solve the optimization problem. Due to the complex computation of dynamic programming, greedy algorithm and pruning quadtrees are proposed. They show acceptable reconstruction performance with low computational complexity. Experimental results with synthesized images and real images taken by a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) camera are given.
Oridonin's therapeutic effect: Suppressing Th1/Th17 simultaneously in a mouse model of Crohn's disease (2014)

Oridonin is a potential modulator for trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis and other Th1/Th17 mediated inflammatory diseases.
Pollution: Uncouple from economy boom (2015)

Your discussion of the challenges facing the International Council for Science paints a misleadingly negative picture (Nature 515, 311; 2014).We are a non-governmental organization representing academies and research councils from 140 countries and the science community through 31 disciplinary unions, and are a leading voice for science.The council has initiated global research projects such as the International Polar Years.Our current flagship projects are Future Earth: Research for Global Sustainability; Urban Health and Wellbeing; and Integrated Research on Disaster Risk.The biological sciences are fully integrated into our programmes (see go.nature.com/xhzhif).The council represents science in global organizations such as the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, and is the scientific and technology lead for the UN sustainable development goals programme.The council is dedicated to the promotion of freedom and responsibility of scientists, and champions open access to data and information through its Committee on Data for Science and Technology and new World Data System.To improve links between science and policy, the council convened a meeting of governmental science advisers (www.globalscienceadvice.org), and a global network is being established.
Effect of Reaction Conditions on the Properties and Behavior of Wood Cellulose Nanocrystal Suspensions (2005)

Sulfuric acid hydrolysis of native cellulose fibers produces stable suspensions of cellulose nanocrystals. Above a critical concentration, the suspensions spontaneously form an anisotropic chiral nematic liquid crystal phase. We have examined the effect of reaction time and acid-to-pulp ratio on nanocrystal and suspension properties for hydrolyzed black spruce acid sulfite pulp. Longer hydrolysis times produced shorter, less polydisperse black spruce cellulose nanocrystals and slightly increased the critical concentration for anisotropic phase formation. Increased acid-to-pulp ratio reduced the dimensions of the nanocrystals thus produced; the critical concentration was increased and the biphasic range became narrower. A suspension made from a bleached kraft eucalyptus pulp gave very similar properties to the softwood nanocrystal suspension when prepared under similar hydrolysis conditions.