gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computational Understandings Of Hybrid Perovskites For Their Application In Photovoltaics (2014)

Solar cells based on the hybrid halide perovskite, CH3NH3PbI3, have now reached a confirmed efficiency of 18%, demonstrating a pace for improvements with no precedents in the solar energy arena. Despite such explosive progress, the microscopic origin behind the success of such material is still debated and in particular it is not clear what role the organic component play in the light-harvesting process. We will show using electronic structure calculations that the organic molecules do contribute to the band structure close to the bandgap and they play a fundamental role in determining the crystal geometry. The high-temperature cubic phase of CH3NH3PbI3 allows the molecules CH3NH3 to rotate, thus causing the octahedral PbI6 cage to distort. Such distortion is the direct result of van der Waals interactions that once we include in our calculation reveal drastic consequences on the electronic structure. Charge transport properties of hybrid halide perovskites are also investigated with a combination of density functional theory including van der Waals interaction and the Boltzmann theory for diffusive transport in the relaxation time approximation. Our analysis suggests that the mobility is probably not a key factor in determining the high solar-harvesting efficiency of this class of materials.
Peaker (1975)

Peaker: a strong positive experience in early life, which sets up a predisposition to pleasure in particular circumstance or to pleasure in general. Derivation obscure. Poss. Abraham Maslow: Peak-experience; Fr. pic-haut?
New logical perspectives on physics (2011)

This special issue is situated at the interface between Logic and the Foundations of Physics. This interface, though not as active as the logical foundations of mathematics, has long existed-with highlights such as "quantum logic", or studies of the general logical structure of physical theories. In recent years, more themes have come to the fore, and we may be witnessing a revival. The papers presented here emanate from a symposium held at the University of Utrecht in January 2008 with the aim of charting established as well as new connections between the two fields. One of the main questions discussed was whether and how modern techniques coming from logic, computer science and information theory might be combined with state-of-the-art insights in the philosophy of physics to gain a better understanding of the main foundational issues and open problems in modern physics. The success of this symposium has shown that there are several possible answers to this question.
Experimental Study on Vaporization of Subcooled Liquid Nitrogen by Instantaneous Heat Generation in LN2 Chamber for HTS-FCL (2015)

It is one of important design issues in the high-temperature superconducting fault current limiter (HTS-FCL) to estimate how much liquid nitrogen vaporizes during its quench process. This paper describes the small scale experiment about the vaporization of subcooled liquid nitrogen by instantaneous heat generation corresponding to the quench in HTS-FCL. In the experiment, the heat is given liquid nitrogen by Joule heating of the stainless steel strip for the short time of about 100 ms. The time variations of temperature and pressure in the liquid nitrogen test chamber are measured for different subcooling conditions of liquid nitrogen and various heat flux conditions. In addition, the amount of vaporization of liquid nitrogen is calculated from experimental results according to the subcooling of liquid nitrogen. The experimental results show that the vaporization of liquid nitrogen strongly depends on heat flux and subcooling conditions. The amount of vaporization linearly decreases with the increase in the subcooling of liquid nitrogen. The calculation results about the amount of vaporization suggest that the subcooling of more than 20 K is necessary to suppress bubble generation for the heat flux condition of 46 W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> or more.
ChemInform Abstract: Halogenation of Isoxazoles. (1989)

Abstract In connection with an investigation of the nuclear functionalization of isoxazoles, 4‐halogenated derivatives are required.
Differential N‐ and O‐glycosylation signatures of HIV‐1 Gag virus‐like particles and coproduced extracellular vesicles (2022)

Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) virus-like particles (VLPs) are nanostructures derived from the self-assembly and cell budding of Gag polyprotein. Mimicking the native structure of the virus and being noninfectious, they represent promising candidates for the development of new vaccines as they elicit a strong immune response. In addition to this, the bounding membrane can be functionalized with exogenous antigens to target different diseases. Protein glycosylation depends strictly on the production platform and expression system used and the displayed glycosylation patterns may influence downstream processing as well as the immune response. One of the main challenges for the development of Gag VLP production bioprocess is the separation of VLPs and coproduced extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this study, porous graphitized carbon separation method coupled with mass spectrometry was used to characterize the N- and O- glycosylation profiles of Gag VLPs produced in HEK293 cells. We identified differential glycan signatures between VLPs and EVs that could pave the way for further separation and purification strategies to optimize downstream processing and move forward in VLP-based vaccine production technology.
Autonomous collision avoidance system based on accurate knowledge of the vehicle surroundings (2014)

In this study, a collision avoidance system is presented, based on the information provided by a laser‐scanner sensor, in which two actions could be taken in case of danger. Firstly, the system tries to stop the vehicle in order to avoid the accident. If a reduction in speed is not sufficiently effective, the control system takes control of the steering and deviates the vehicle's trajectory in order to escape from the hazardous situation. The control system evaluates the situation and decides the most appropriate action in each case considering free areas on the surroundings using the information of a detailed digital map. This system has been implemented in a vehicle and has been tested with pedestrians and vehicles circulating along the private test track with satisfactory results.
Prediction of PAH biodegradation in field contaminated soils using a cyclodextrin extraction technique (2007)

Biodegradation has been identified as a major loss process for organic contaminants in soils and, as a result, microbial strategies have been developed for the remediation of contaminated land. Prediction of the biodegradable fraction would be important for determining bioremediation end-points in the clean-up of contaminated land. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of a cyclodextrin extraction to predict the extent to which polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) would be degraded microbiologically in field contaminated soils; further testing the robustness and reproducibility of this extraction in chemically complex systems. Dichloromethane and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPCD) extractable fractions were measured together with the PAH biodegradable fraction in each of the six field contaminated soils. The amounts of PAHs degraded by the catabolic activity of the indigenous microflora in each of the soils were correlated with HPCD-extractable PAH concentrations. The regressions showed that the amounts of lower molecular weight PAHs extracted by the HPCD were not significantly (P > 0.05) different to the amounts that were degraded. However, higher molecular weight PAHs that were extracted by HPCD did differ significantly (P < 0.05) from the amounts degraded. Although the HPCD extraction did overestimate the microbially degradable fraction of the higher molecular weight PAHs, overall the correlations between the HPCD extractable fraction and the microbially degradable fraction were very close, with mean values of the slope of line for the six soils equalling 1. This study further describes the robust and reproducible nature of the aqueous-based soil extraction technique reliably measuring the extent to which PAHs will be microbially degraded in soil.
Bioluminescence assays: multicolor luciferase assay, secreted luciferase assay and imaging luciferase assay (2010)

Bioluminescence is a manifold system based on the different types of luciferin and its luciferase. Namely, luciferin catalyzed by corresponding luciferases resulted in the production of different color lights. We must understand the manifold mechanisms of bioluminescence reaction.
Data Supplement from Macrophage Inflammatory Protein Derivative ECI301 Enhances the Alarmin-Associated Abscopal Benefits of Tumor Radiotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Fig. 1. Effect of iv-administered mixture of ECI301/HSP60 (A), ECI301/HSP70 or ECI301/HSP90 (B), and ECI301/HSP70 or hMIP-1Î±/HSP70 (C) on tumor growth Colon26 cells (4x105 cell/mouse) were implanted in the right flank of BALB/c mice. When the tumor size reached 5-10 mm diameter (14 days), animals received each mixture at the indicated amount (Î¼g), intravenously 3 times at days 0, 1 and 2. The average tumor volumes {plus minus} SE (n=7 or 8) at day 13 are shown. Tumor growth without any treatment is shown as Control. In B, the units of numbers in parenthesis are Î¼g. Under similar conditions as A, a statistically significant anti-tumor effect was found with a mixture of ECI301/HSP70 but not with ECI301/ HSP60 (each 2/0.5 Î¼g/mouse). Significant differences are indicated by: **, p&lt; 0.01 or *, p&lt; 0.05 (Dunnet). Supplementary Fig. 2. Number of splenocytes with IFN-ï�§ generating potential in tumor-bearing mice ELISPOT assay was performed using erythrocyte-depleted splenocytes from tumor bearing miceï¼ŽLLC cells (4 x 105 cells) were inoculated in the right flank of C57BL/6 mice and 18 days after inoculation, the local tumor growing area was exposed to radiation. ECI301 was administered 20 h after irradiation. Splenocytes were obtained from the mice bearing LLC cells 4 days after irradiation (3 days after ECI301 administration). The splenocytes and those from age-matched naÃ¯ve mice (each 5 x 104) were placed into 96-well plates of the ELISPOT assay kit (MabTeck AB Co., Stockholm, Sweden) and incubated at 37 ÂºC for 20 h under 5% CO2, in the presence or absenceã€€ï¼ˆControlï¼‰ of mitomycin C-treated LLCï¼ˆLLCï¼‰ or MethA tumor cells (MethA, each 5 x 103 cells). ELISPOT assays were performed according to the company's instructions and the number of cells that capable of generating IFN-Î³ was determined. The mean number of spots per 5 x 104 splenocytes {plus minus} SE are shown. Significant differences from the control group are indicated by: ** p&lt;0.01 (ANOVA). Significant differences from the control group or irradiated group are indicated by: # p&lt;0.05 (Student's t-test). ## p&lt;0.01 (t-test). n=4.&lt;/p&gt;
[Correlation between the growth of transplantable tumors under protein deprivation and intratumoral amino acid concentration]. (1985)

Nutritional restriction in the diet has a deleterious influence on tissue and transplantable tumor growths. Correlation between the growth of 81 B or MM 48 mammary tumors and intratumoral amino acid concentration was studied in syngeneic C3H/He mice fed a diet with a low (D) or normal (N) protein content. D-mice revealed a relatively longer lag phase than N-mice, but showed almost the same growth curve. Some kinds of amino acid, alanine, valin, glycine, and so on were recognized in D-mice tumors at higher levels more than in N-mice. In protein malnutrition, urea, the final amino acid degradation product, was not detected in the transplanted tumor or muscle of D-mice. The high tissue levels of alanine, glycine and glutamine are undoubtedly related to their participation in many metabolic reactions, so that they are readily and extensively synthesized. We speculate that D-mice would maintain an adequate intratumoral amino acid level through interorgan relationships in order for the transplanted tumor to grow.
Breadcrumb Navigation Deployment in Retail Web Sites (2019)

In online retailing, effective navigation aids can help users to find products of interest, thus contributing to a site's usability and, ultimately, increasing sales. A breadcrumb trail in a Web site serves as a secondary navigation aid to help users to see a site's structure, visualize a path he or she has taken to a page or product, or otherwise understand the relationship of a page's contents to other pages within a site. Through content analysis, this study explored the deployment of breadcrumbs - both in presentational and functional terms - in the Web sites of the top 100 online retailers (by annual sales). A wide variety of implementations was discovered and documented. Many deployments proved to be incongruent with recommendations in the literature. Analysis was performed given the perspective of an existing research framework developed by Instone (2002) which classified breadcrumbs into three types. A considerable number of sites' deployments could not be sufficiently classified using that model. As a result, changes to the framework are suggested, including the addition of new concepts such as "facet breadcrumbs" and "hybrid breadcrumbs."
Comparative proteomic profile in bee- and manually-collected Taraxacum officinale pollen (2021)

The study reports a first comprehensive approach to the proteome analysis done by comparing the protein profiles characteristic of bee- and manually-collected common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) pollen. Proteins isolated from the bee- and manually-collected pollen was fractionated by two-dimensional electrophoresis, visualized by staining with Colloidal Coomassie G-250, and after tryptic-digestion analysed by mass spectrometry. A computer-assisted analysis was performed for comparison of protein profile maps typical of bee- and manually-collected dandelion pollen.
DNA Homologous Recombination Factor SFR1 Physically and Functionally Interacts with Estrogen Receptor Alpha (2013)

Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), a ligand-dependent transcription factor, mediates the expression of its target genes by interacting with corepressors and coactivators. Since the first cloning of SRC1, more than 280 nuclear receptor cofactors have been identified, which orchestrate target gene transcription. Aberrant activity of ER or its accessory proteins results in a number of diseases including breast cancer. Here we identified SFR1, a protein involved in DNA homologous recombination, as a novel binding partner of ERα. Initially isolated in a yeast two-hybrid screen, the interaction of SFR1 and ERα was confirmed in vivo by immunoprecipitation and mammalian one-hybrid assays. SFR1 co-localized with ERα in the nucleus, potentiated ER's ligand-dependent and ligand-independent transcriptional activity, and occupied the ER binding sites of its target gene promoters. Knockdown of SFR1 diminished ER's transcriptional activity. Manipulating SFR1 expression by knockdown and overexpression revealed a role for SFR1 in ER-dependent and -independent cancer cell proliferation. SFR1 differs from SRC1 by the lack of an intrinsic activation function. Taken together, we propose that SFR1 is a novel transcriptional modulator for ERα and a potential target in breast cancer therapy.
Singapore Buona Vista Masterplan Competition, Singapore (2011)

Abstract A plan for an IT‐based research city in Singapore provided Toyo Ito &amp; Associates with the unique opportunity to rethink urban typology. In a project that revives some of the ideas of 1960s metabolism, Ito recasts architecture and infrastructure in a unified structure that envisions the city environment as a ‘neuron‐like network of sequences’.
Polyamide 6 single polymer composites (2009)

Combining the two basic techniques used for the preparation of single polymer composites (SPCs), hot compaction and film stacking, a polyamide 6 (PA 6) single polymer composite was manufactured. The starting materials were PA 6 high tenacity yarn (reinforcement) and PA 6 film prepared via melt quenching (matrix), both expected to be the two principal polymorphic modifications of PA 6 and thus differing in their melting temperatures. The prepared single polymer composite is characterized by a layered structure and shows superior mechanical properties due to the good wetting -tensile modulus is improved by 200% and the ultimate tensile strength -by 300-400% as compared to the isotropic matrix film. Improvement of the interfacial adhesion via transreactions promoted by Sb2O3 as a catalyst was also undertaken.
Validation of an incompletely coupled two-compartment nonrecycling catenary model for turnover of liver and plasma triglyceride in man (1965)

Pool sizes and turnover rates of hepatic triglycerides and of lipids of three plasma lipoprotein fractions of human subjects were defined from studies of the rates of incorporation of labeled free glycerol and of labeled palmitate into these lipids, and of distribution and clearance from plasma of intact, endogenously labeled lipoproteins.Incorporation of labeled glycerol and labeled palmitate into plasma lipoproteins was prompt. Triglycerides of the lowest density lipoprotein class (Sf > 20) were most highly labeled of all plasma lipoproteins, and turnover was most rapid in this class.The kinetic behavior of radioactive plasma triglyceride was more complex when palmitate was used than when glycerol served as a labeled precursor, probably because glycerol recycled less than did palmitate.An incompletely coupled, two-compartment, nonrecycling catenary (linked in series) model of hepatic triglyceride and of plasma Sf > 20 triglyceride was validated. The Sf > 20 triglycerides turned over in a volume approximating that of plasma. Apparently unique to man of various species previously reported is the relatively slow turnover and consequent rate-determining role of Sf > 20 triglyceride in this two-pool system.The hepatic pool greatly exceeded that in plasma and turned over approximately three times more rapidly.
Surface response analysis and determination of confidence regions for\n atmospheric CO2: a global warming study for U.S.A. data (2013)

Starting from the atmospheric CO2 measurements taken in Hawaii between 1959\nand 2008, a quadratic model with interactions was fitted, using 5 attributable\nvariables. Surface response analysis returned the eigenvalues and eigenvectors\nat the critical point, which turns out to be of mixed type, with two positive\neigenvalues, one null, and the rest negative. From these data, it is derived\nthat the confidence regions in two variables are of various types (elliptic,\nhyperbolic, and degenerate). Based on these results we indicate how to\ndetermine two-dimensional confidence regions for statistically-significant\nvariables which are relevant contributors to the atmospheric CO2 emissions.\n
Bayesian forecasting with state space models (1986)

This thesis explores the use of State-Space models in Time Series Analysis and Forecasting, with particular reference to the Dynamic Linear Model (DLM) introduced by Harrison and Stevens. Concepts from Control Theory are employed, especially those of observability, controllability and filtering, together with Bayesian inference and classical forecasting methodology. First, properties of state-space models which depart from the usual Gaussian assumptions are examined, and the predictive consequences of such models are developed. These models can lead to new phenomena, for example it is shown that for a wide class of models which have a suitably defined steady evolution the usual properties of classical steady models (such as exponentially weighted moving averages) do not apply. Secondly, by considering the forecast functions, equivalence theorems are proved for DLMs in the steady state and stationary Box-Jenkins models. These theorems are then extended to include both time-varying and non-stationary models thus establishing a very general predictor equivalence. However it is shown that intuitively appealing DLMs which have diagonal covariance matrices are restricted by only covering part of the equivalent stability / invertibility region, and examples are given to illustrate these points. Thirdly, some problems of inference involving state-space models are looked at, and new approaches outlined. A class of collapsing procedures based upon a distance measure between posterior components is introduced. This allows the use of non-normal errors or Harrison-Stevens Class II models by condensing the normal-mixture posterior distribution to prevent an explosion of information with time, and avoids some of the problems of the Harrison-Stevens solution. Finally, some examples are given to illustrate the way in which some of these models and collapsing procedures might be used in practice.&lt;p&gt;
Cisplatin pretreatment enhances anti-tumor activity of cytokine-induced killer cells (2011)

Preconditioning with DDP markedly enhances the efficacy of adoptively transferred CIK cells, providing a potential clinical modality for the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer.
Femtosecond laser cutting of multiple ultrathin corneal stromal lamellae for endothelial graft bioengineering (2013)

Abstract Purpose The bioengineering of endothelial grafts (EG) is developing in several countries as an answer to the shortage of donor corneas worldwide. They are composed of a thin transparent biocompatible carrier evenly covered with tightly packed fully functional endothelial cells. Multiple options exist for the carriers. In our laboratory, we are focused on the optimization of human donor tissue because the well‐organised cornea donation in France is not the most limiting point. Aim: to present the preparation of ultrathin stromal lamellae from a single human cornea Methods Human organ‐cultured corneas unsuitable for graft were used either with our without deswelling in Dextran containing medium. They were mounted on a artificial anterior chamber and cut with a femtosecond laser (femto LDV Z6, Ziemer) with aplanation. Six horizontal parallel cuts were realized on a 9 mm diameter area without vertical section. Cornea was then trephine at 8.00mm on a punch trephine. Thickness map was obtained before and after the cut with an AS‐OCT equipped with a custom adapter for ex vivo corneas. Lamellae were separated under an operating video‐microscope and again observed with OCT. Quality of surface were analysed with scanning electron microscopy and multiphotonic confocal microscopy with SHG for collagen fiber imaging Results Seven regular lamellae of approximately 100μm were obtained on a single cornea and easily detached. Characterisation of surface quality is ongoing Conclusion Femtosecond laser cutting of multiple lamellae on a single human cornea could allow obtaining a sufficient number of thin transparent and fully biocompatible carriers for EG bioengineering
Digital confocal imaging of breast cancer using UWB-CMOS integrated circuits (2015)

A radar-based breast cancer detection and imaging system was developed by use of impulse-radio ultrawideband (IR-UWB) complementary metal oxide semiconductor integrated circuits (CMOS-IC). Gaussian monocycle pulses (GMP) with 160 ps pulse-width was digitized by equivalent time sampling with 9.77 ps time resolution. The GMP signals were transmitted and received via 16 U 16 switching matrix with 4 × 4 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array. The digital confocal images of a cancer phantom target obtained by the CMOS integrated circuits was confirmed to be equivalent to the analog image with calibrating signal path delays.