gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polarization-independent reflective-type KTN beam deflector with a single KTN crystal (2022)

In this paper, we present a compact size polarization-independent reflection-type potassium tantalate niobate (KTN) beam deflector, including (1) a single KTN crystal, (2) a quarter-wave plate, and (3) a retroreflector. Unlike the previously reported two KTN crystal based transmission-type polarization-independent deflector, our proposed deflector offers the advantage of compact size because only a single KTN crystal is needed. Furthermore, the reflection architecture allows more surfaces of the deflector to be cooled, enhancing the laser power handling capability and the deflection speed of continuous scanning. The experimental results were consistent with the theoretical model. Our proposed beam deflector can be beneficial for a variety of applications such as high speed, high resolution 2D/3D scanning, printings, and displays.
Complexation of stable carbenes with alkali metals (1999)

Stable diaminocarbenes, including imidazol-2-ylidenes, undergo complexation with lithium, sodium and potassium species; the crystal structure of a complex of 1,3-diisopropyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimid-2-ylidene 1 with KN(SiMe3)2 is reported.
Imaging through fog: polarized light propagation modelling (2021)

Imaging through nebulous media encountered in nature – like fog – is one &#13;\nof the up-to-date research questions in the field of navigation. Among different &#13;\napproaches to solve this problem, the use of polarimetric imaging has been proposed. &#13;\nThe aim of this research is to present a polarized light propagation model based on &#13;\nMonte-Carlo simulations and Mie Theory for its use as a tool to study the feasibility and &#13;\ncharacteristics of polarized light detection techniques in these kinds of media. Studying &#13;\nand obtaining the backscattering Mueller matrix for a turbid environment allows to &#13;\ncompletely characterize the backscattering characteristics of the media. Thus, it may be &#13;\nused to select the combination of polarization components more useful for each &#13;\nsituation. On the other hand, it has been seen that when light first interact with fog, &#13;\ngenerated backscatter directly blinds the sensor of the imaging device and hides&#13;\nreflected signals of objects being imaged. Using a time-resolved variant of the model, it &#13;\nhas been possible to characterize the shape and the influence of the temporal response &#13;\nof a backscattered light pulse, concluding that, apart from the greater light extinction in &#13;\na more scattering medium, media-backscattering and reflected-object signals are &#13;\nindependent
Eradication of p53-mutated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) xenografts using nonviral p53 gene therapy and photochemical internalisation (PCI) (2005)

3155 Background: p53 gene therapy trials have been initiated using viral vectors in p53-mutated HNSCC. Alternatively, using nonviral vectors for gene therapy is limited because of their low transfection rate. Our in vitro results using PCI demonstrated that PCI enhances the transfection efficiency of polyethylenimine-mediated p53 gene transfer and justify in vivo evaluation. Methods: Tetraglucosylated polyethylenimine (PEIGlu4)-mediated gene transfer was performed alone or in conjunction with PCI, in mice bearing HNSCC xenograft. Using luciferase as reporter, we evaluate the influence of PCI on the transgene expression kinetics. Then, p53 gene transfer was performed by weekly injection of p53/PEIGlu4 complexes during five (Group A) or seven (Group B) consecutive weeks. Efficiency of the gene therapy was evaluated by following tumor growth and by analysis of P53, P21, mdm2, Bax and Bcl2 proteins expression. Results: Using PCI, the expression of luciferase was significantly (P < 0.01) enhanced. Enhancement was maximal (20-fold) at 48h and remained significant during 7 days after completion of the transfection protocol. Applying PCI to p53 gene transfer, tumor growth inhibition was observed in all transfected animals. One week after the last PCI-mediated p53 gene transfer, complete tumor regression was achieved in 4/6 mice (Group A) and in 6/6 mice (Group B). Three weeks after the transfection tumor regrowth was observed in 3/4 mice (Group A) and in 1/6 mice (Group B). Successful tumor cure was achieved in 1 mouse (Group A) and in 5/6 mice (Group B) that were still tumor-free 8 weeks after the last transfection. The use of PCI led to higher P53 protein expression and was correlated with subsequent induction of Bax, P21 and MDM2 proteins and with repression of Bcl2 protein. Conclusions: PCI enhances the in vivo efficiency of PEIGlu4-mediated p53 nonviral gene transfer and can be proposed as a potent alternative for p53 gene therapy in HNSCC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Surface modification of iron sintered in hollow cathode discharge using an external stainless steel cathode (2005)

Metallurgical aspects of unalloyed iron sintered in a hollow cathode discharge were studied, with special emphasis on the chemical composition of the sample's surface, which was modified by sputtering at the cathode. Two independent cathodes formed an annular hollow cathode discharge, and a pressed cylindrical sample of iron powder (99.75% pure), functioning as the central cathode, was placed concentrically inside an external cathode machined from a cylindrical AISI 310 stainless steel bar. In addition to confining the plasma, the outer cathode also acted as a source of alloying elements (Cr and Ni). The inter-cathode's radial space was 5.8 mm. Sintering was carried out at 1423 K (1150°C) for 30, 60, 120 and 240 min, under a gas mixture of 80% Ar and 20% H2 flowing at 5 × 10−6 m3 s−1. The pressure of the gas mixture was kept constant at 400 Pa (3 Torr). The discharge was generated using a pulsed voltage power supply with a total pulse period of 200 µs and the pulse duration ranging from 44 to 39 µs. Sintering time, which played an important role in the surface characteristics of the samples, was reflected in the amount of alloying element deposited on the surfaces of the samples. The atoms deposited by diffusion during sintering formed a layer containing chromium and nickel elements. A microprobe characterization of the surface showed the presence of up to 3.3 at% Cr (3.1 wt% Cr) and 2.5 at% Ni (2.6 wt% Ni). The Cr and Ni concentration profiles were verified to depths of up to 47.5 µm and 22.5 µm, respectively. The surface enrichment by alloying elements was attributed to the sputtering of atoms from the outer cathode.
Tuning of MEMS devices using Evolutionary Computation and Open-Loop Frequency Response (2005)

We propose a tuning method for MEMS gyroscopes based on evolutionary computation that has the capacity to efficiently increase the sensitivity of MEMS gyroscopes through tuning and, furthermore, to find the optimally tuned configuration for this state of increased sensitivity. The tuning method was tested for the second generation JPL/Boeing Post-resonator MEMS gyroscope using the measurement of the frequency response of the MEMS device in open-loop operation
Circulating matrix metalloproteinases and tissue metalloproteinase inhibitors in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the multicenter IPF-PRO Registry cohort (2020)

Circulating MMPs and TIMPs were broadly elevated among patients with IPF. Select MMP/TIMPs strongly associated with measures of disease severity. Our results identify potential MMP/TIMP targets for further development as disease-related biomarkers.
The Password Reset MitM Attack (2017)

We present the password reset MitM (PRMitM) attack and show how it can be used to take over user accounts. The PRMitM attack exploits the similarity of the registration and password reset processes to launch a man in the middle (MitM) attack at the application level. The attacker initiates a password reset process with a website and forwards every challenge to the victim who either wishes to register in the attacking site or to access a particular resource on it. The attack has several variants, including exploitation of a password reset process that relies on the victim's mobile phone, using either SMS or phone call. We evaluated the PRMitM attacks on Google and Facebook users in several experiments, and found that their password reset process is vulnerable to the PRMitM attack. Other websites and some popular mobile applications are vulnerable as well. Although solutions seem trivial in some cases, our experiments show that the straightforward solutions are not as effective as expected. We designed and evaluated two secure password reset processes and evaluated them on users of Google and Facebook. Our results indicate a significant improvement in the security. Since millions of accounts are currently vulnerable to the PRMitM attack, we also present a list of recommendations for implementing and auditing the password reset process.
Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication in children: a single surgeon's experience. (2000)

Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication is a safe and effective treatment option for children suffering from significant reflux. Time to regular feeding, analgesia requirements and hospital stay are decreased when compared to traditional procedures. Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication may well become the procedure of choice for pediatric gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Can an intermediary collection help users search image databases without annotations? (2010)

Developing methods for searching image databases is a challenging and ongoing area of research. A common approach is to use manual annotations, although generating annotations can be expensive in terms of time and money, and therefore may not be justified in many situations. Content-based search techniques which extract visual features from image data can be used, but users are typically forced to express their information need using example images, or through sketching interfaces. This can be difficult if no visual example of the information need is available, or when the information need cannot be easily drawn.
Large-restriction-fragment analysis of Mycobacterium kansasii genomic DNA and its application in molecular typing (1997)

Large-restriction-fragment (LRF) polymorphisms in Mycobacterium kansasii isolates from 84 patients with bronchopulmonary infections in Japan between the 1960s and 1995 were studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Chromosomal fragments digested with VspI were most suitable for PFGE separation of 16 to 21 fragments of between 40 and 550 kbp. All 84 isolates and the type strain M. kansasii ATCC 12478 were successfully typed by LRF analysis with VspI digestion. Twenty-one distinctive LRF types were identified, and the LRF patterns tested over time were reproducible and stable. A computer-assisted dendrogram of the percent similarity demonstrated that isolates of 18 LRF types had relatively close genetic relatedness, while isolates of the remaining 3 types showed divergence. Sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene in the isolates showing divergent genetic relatedness revealed a sequence identical to that of a previously reported subspecies of M. kansasii. In the Chugoku district of Japan, 11 cases of M. kansasii infection which occurred in workers in a coastal industrial zone between 1982 and 1993 were caused by one particular strain tentatively named LRF type M. When both detailed demographic data for the patients and ecologic data for the M. kansasii isolates are obtained, LRF typing may be of potential use for investigating the source and transmission of M. kansasii infection.
Electric Welding by the Carbon Arc (1930)

This paper discusses the butt welding of steel sheets by the carbon arc process. It explains first that autogenous welding is divided into two main classes, viz., gas and electric; that electric arc welding is divided into two classes, viz., metallic and carbon arc. Gas and metallic arc welding in general require beveling of plates for butt welds while carbon arc welding does not. The controlling variables in carbon arc welding are (1) amperes in the arc, (2) voltage across the arc, (3) magnetic field about the arc, (4) atmosphere about the arc, (5) speed of feed, and (6) filling-in material. Discussion is given of the effect of each of these variables of the resulting weld with special reference to the action of a magnetic field parallel to the direction of the arc upon the current in the arc and the effect of the atmosphere about the arc on the ductility of the resulting weld.
Nanowire metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor with doped epitaxial contacts for source and drain (2007)

The authors report the fabrication of a p-field effect transistor (FET) and an n-FET with a silicon nanowire channel and doped silicon source and drain regions. The silicon nanowires were synthesized by the vapor-liquid-solid method. For p-FETs the source and drain regions were formed by adding boron doped silicon to the unintentionally doped nanowire body at predefined locations using in situ doped silicon epitaxy. For n-FETs the epitaxial source and drain regions were grown undoped and were later implanted with P and As. The measured Id-Vg characteristics of the devices exhibited unipolar transport, while reference FETs made with nanowires from the same batch but with Schottky (metal) contacts exhibited ambipolar characteristics.
Nanostructured Materials for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Devices (2008)

An error appears in the above article. On page 2881, paragraph 2.1.2, the first sentence should read as: Since structural transition to thermodynamically undesirable structures can only occur if the particle radius r p is larger than the critical nucleation radius r c for that phase, it is possible to eliminate such transitions by using nanoparticles with r p < r c .
Grain Boundary Engineering Nanostructured SrTiO3 for Thermoelectric Applications (2019)

Abstract Nanostructuring to reduce thermal conductivity is among the most promising strategies for designing next‐generation, high‐performance thermoelectric materials. In practice, electrical grain boundary resistance can overwhelm the thermal conductivity reduction induced by nanostructuring, which results in worse overall performance. Since a large body of work has characterized the transport of both polycrystalline ceramics and single crystals of SrTiO 3 , it is an ideal material system for conducting a case study of electrical grain boundary resistance. An effective mass model is used to characterize the transport signatures of electrical grain boundary resistance and evaluate thermodynamic design principles for controlling that resistance. Treating the grain boundary as a secondary phase to the bulk crystallites explains the transport phenomena. Considering that the interface can be engineered by controlling oxygen partial pressure, temperature, and the addition of extrinsic elements into the grain boundary phase, the outlook for SrTiO 3 as a nanostructured thermoelectric is promising, and the zT could be greater than 0.5 at room temperature.
Ovarian Dysgerminoma-A Case Report (1994)

Preservation of fertility was carried out in one young patient with pure ovarian dysgerminoma. At laparotomy, this patient ras proved to have stage I disease and the tumor was confined to one ovary. No major complication was encountered post operation. In young women, fertility-preserving surgery can be recommended for unilateral ovary lesion. This is true for stage m case as well if the tumor is confined to one side of ovary because removal of the second ovary and uterus does not change the prognosis.
Control structures for incorporating picture-specific context in image interpretation (1995)

This paper describes an efficient control mechanism for incorporating picture-specific context in the task of image interpretation. Although other knowledge-based vision systems use general domain context in reducing the computational burden of image interpretation, to our knowledge, this is the first effort in exploring picture-specific collateral information. We assume that constraints on the picture are generated from a natural language understanding module which processes descriptive text accompanying the pictures. We have developed a unified framework for exploiting these constraints both in the object location and identification (labeling) stage. In particular, we describe a technique for incorporating constrained search in context-based vision. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in PICTION, a system that uses captions to label human faces in newspaper photographs. 1 Introduction To solve the inherently under-constrained task of image ...
Inferolateral AlloDerm Hammock for Implant Coverage in Breast Reconstruction (2007)

Implant reconstruction with an inferolateral AlloDerm hammock facilitates positioning of the implant in immediate or revisional breast reconstruction and simplifies expander-implant reconstruction. This safe technique is easy to learn and should be considered a viable option for breast reconstruction.
11. Development of designs for moisture separator reheaters (1989)

Introduction 2. The Functions of Separation and Reheat 3. General Requirements of a Moisture Separator Reheater 4. General Design Arrangement 5. Experience and Development 6. Moisture Separator Reheaters For Chooz “B” (France) 7. Moisture Separator Reheater Designs for the 985MW Turbine Generators for Guangdong NPS (China) and for the 630MW Turbine Generators for Sizewell ‘B’ NPS (UK) 8. Summary
Good health for many: The ESCAP region, 1950-2000 (1999)

Abstract One aspect of the ESCAP region’s unusually steep mortality decline has been the success of its fertility transition, assisted by national family planning programmes
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Methodology for the Synthesis of 3‐Amino‐1,2,4‐triazoles. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Development of a New Methanethiol Quantification Method Using Ethanethiol as an Internal Standard (2001)

Development of a new method to quantify methanethiol in which ethanethiol was employed as an internal standard is reported. Recovery yields for methanethiol from an aqueous model system and a soy protein concentrate (SPC) aqueous slurry determined with this method ranged from 97 to 107% and from 103 to 121%, respectively. The methanethiol content of two commercial SPCs and two commercial soy protein isolate (SPI) samples, on a dry basis, ranged from 835 to 1190 times greater than the odor threshold for methanethiol. Relative standard deviations for quantifying methanethiol with the method from these samples were <5%, indicating its good reproducibility in quantifying methanethiol from soy protein products. Also investigated in the current study was the feasibility of using 5',5-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB, Ellman's reagent) to determine the concentration of methanethiol in the aqueous solutions used to prepare the standard curve for quantifying methanethiol from soy protein products. The concentrations of methanethiol obtained from Ellman's reagent method were comparable with those from a weighing method and theoretical calculation.
Design and synthesis of a near infra-red luminescent hexanuclear Zn–Nd prism (2006)

The use of the Schiff-base ligand N,N'-bis(5-bromo-3-methoxysalicylidene)propylene-1,3-diamine (H2L) and 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate (BDC) enables the construction of the hexanuclear luminescent Zn-Nd complex [Zn4Nd2L4(1,4-BDC)2].[Nd(NO3)5(H2O)].Et2O.2EtOH.3H2O.
PTEN is essential for cell migration but not for fate determination and tumourigenesis in the cerebellum (2002)

PTEN is a tumour suppressor gene involved in cell cycle control, apoptosis and mediation of adhesion and migration signalling. Germline mutations of PTEN in humans are associated with familial tumour syndromes, among them Cowden disease. Glioblastomas, highly malignant glial tumours of the central nervous system frequently show loss of PTEN. Recent reports have outlined some aspects of PTEN function in central nervous system development. Using a conditional gene disruption approach, we inactivated Pten in mice early during embryogenesis locally in a region specific fashion and later during postnatal development in a cell-specific manner, to study the role of PTEN in differentiation, migration and neoplastic transformation. We show that PTEN is required for the realisation of normal cerebellar architecture, for regulation of cell and organ size, and for proper neuronal and glial migration. However, PTEN is not required for cell differentiation and lack of PTEN is not sufficient to induce neoplastic transformation of neuronal or glial cells
Adaptive modulation and coding for Long Term Evolution‐based mobile satellite communication system (2012)

SUMMARY The adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) scheme is mandatory for modern wireless communication systems to overcome inevitable channel impairments. Many of the limitations using AMC are due to the long round‐trip delay of a satellite system. This paper proposes an efficient AMC scheme with power control and symbol interleaving that can be effectively applied to satellite systems. In particular, we focus on mobile satellite systems that have maximum compatibility in a Long Term Evolution system. Simulations reveal that the proposed scheme can provide a maximum 10.2% increase of average beam spectral efficiency and a maximum of 8‐dB power gain compared with a conventional AMC scheme. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
The mechanism of the Prins reaction. VI. The solvolysis of optically active trans-2-hydroxymethylcyclohexyl brosylate and related arenesulfonates (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe mechanism of the Prins reaction. VI. The solvolysis of optically active trans-2-hydroxymethylcyclohexyl brosylate and related arenesulfonatesLloyd J. Dolby, Frank A. Meneghini, and Toru KoizumiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 8, 3060–3066Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01272a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01272a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views287Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Whey Protein Solution Coating for Fat‐Uptake Reduction in Deep‐Fried Chicken Breast Strips (2009)

This article describes applied research involving fat reduction in coated deep-fried chicken. The methods used in this article were intended to achieve maximized fat reduction while maintaining a simple procedure applicable to actual food processing lines.