gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanobiotechnology and its role in the development of new analytical devices (2000)

Physical methods of molecule observation and manipulation will prove useful, not only as research tools for investigating biomolecular structure and behavior, but also for the creation of nanostructures. Supramolecular and self-assembling structures are able to generate nanostructures, with many such systems being of biological origin. They form the interface between nanotechnology and biotechnology. Whereas biotechnological processes usually involve populations of cells or molecules, nanotechnological methods operate at the level of individual molecule manipulation. This article considers what advances have been made through cross-fertilisation between nanotechnology and biotechnology to develop for the next millennium new analytical tools at the microscale, using nanostructures as the sensitive part and with the ability to detect individual molecules.
D‐Homosteroide I. Synthese von gestagen‐wirksamen D‐Homopregnan‐Derivaten (1980)

Abstract The synthesis of a series of hormonally active D‐homopregnane derivatives is reported.
Exploration of Hands-On Discovery Pedagogy in Heat Transfer (2013)

Recent research in the development of the “Thermal and Transport Concept Inventory” test (TTCI) has shown that, despite completing several related courses, students have significant misconceptions of heat transfer principles such as the differences between heat, energy and temperature. This lack of conceptual understanding limits students’ problem-solving abilities (and thus their transition to expertise) and their ability to transfer knowledge to other courses and contexts. This research demonstrates how this problem can be addressed by integrating hands-on workshops into a traditional heat transfer lecture course. The workshops are designed to actively engage students in exploration and discovery using authentic problems. Using heat flux sensors allows students to physically observe abstract phenomena that cannot be easily observed.
E-001 (2012)

Motts, Jonathan; Silbergeld, Ellen; Gardner, Renee; Nyland, Jennifer Author Information
Hydrothermal Treatment of Creosote-Impregnated Wood (2003)

This paper describes the treatment of creosote-treated wood in anoxic supercritical water (SC).Decommissioned (ca.15 yr) creosote-treated pine utility pole wood, which had been chipped was hydro-treated directly.During treatment, the creosote-derived hydrocarbon residues in the wood were nearly completely (99%) recovered, and the wood itself was transformed into a mixture of hydrocarbons including substituted benzenes, phenolics, and light PAHs.These wood-derived transformation products served to reconstitute the ''light end'' of the creosote, which had been largely lost while in service.Thus, the hazardous waste (creosote hydrocarbon mixture) was recovered, and the solid waste (wood) was transformed into a complementary product mixture in a single pass.Solid residues after 12-20 h of treatment were 2% w/w.
Terminal Effect at a Resistive Electrode under Tafel Kinetics (1990)

The terminal effect associated with resistive electrodes is modeled analytically for Tafel kinetics. The results are presented as a simple expression for the current density variation as a function of the Tafel slope and system parameters. The current density variation is shown to be especially sensitive to the length of the electrode. The general analytical relationship is compared to that for linear kinetics and applied specifically to electrodeposition on thinly coated metallized fibers.
Enhancing transverse spin and transverse spin momentum in micro- and nano-optical systems (2018)

We show that scattering of plane waves leads to helicity-independent transverse spin angular momentum (SAM) and helicity-dependent transverse Poynting vector components. The in uence of plasmon resonance and avoided crossing for a sphere on these quantities is studied.
Crystal Structure of the Herpesvirus Nuclear Egress Complex Provides Insights into Inner Nuclear Membrane Remodeling (2015)

Although nucleo-cytoplasmic transport is typically mediated through nuclear pore complexes, herpesvirus capsids exit the nucleus via a unique vesicular pathway. Together, the conserved herpesvirus proteins pUL31 and pUL34 form the heterodimeric nuclear egress complex (NEC), which, in turn, mediates the formation of tight-fitting membrane vesicles around capsids at the inner nuclear membrane. Here, we present the crystal structure of the pseudorabies virus NEC. The structure revealed that a zinc finger motif in pUL31 and an extensive interaction network between the two proteins stabilize the complex. Comprehensive mutational analyses, characterized both in situ and in vitro, indicated that the interaction network is not redundant but rather complementary. Fitting of the NEC crystal structure into the recently determined cryoEM-derived hexagonal lattice, formed in situ by pUL31 and pUL34, provided details on the molecular basis of NEC coat formation and inner nuclear membrane remodeling.
Measurement of the total and differential cross sections for the reaction π − p → ηn with the Crystal Ball detector (2003)

The first results obtained in 1998 by the Crystal Ball collaboration from a measurement of the total and differential cross sections for the reaction π − p → ηn are presented. These new experimental results for the total cross sections are compared with the predictions of the K-matrix model for pion-nucleon scattering. The angular distribution at momenta near the reaction threshold (685 MeV/c) is determined by the S-wave contribution. The P-wave contribution begins to manifest itself from a momentum of 720 MeV/c.
Application of deuteron nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to the study of the coupling reactions of 1-chlorocycloheptene and 1-chlorocyclohexen with phenyllithium (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTApplication of deuteron nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to the study of the coupling reactions of 1-chlorocycloheptene and 1-chlorocyclohexen with phenyllithiumLawrence K. Montgomery, Arthur O. Clouse, Arnold M. Crelier, and Lynn E. ApplegateCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 14, 3453–3457Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00990a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00990a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Behavior of outage probability in MISO systems with no channel state information at the transmitter (2003)

It is well known that, in terms of the ergodic capacity, the optimum transmit strategy is to allocate equal power to all available transmit antennas. We show that this transmit strategy is not the optimal one for minimizing the outage probability. The optimum strategy is then to avoid using all available antennas. The optimal number of active antennas depends on the required rate and the SNR. We propose an algorithm which computes the optimum number of active antennas for a given available number of transmit antennas, SNR, and rate. We compare the optimum strategy to equal power allocation.
Using ubiquitous communication technology to improve pediatric asthma management (2012)

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) for chronic care are increasingly being researched in Human-Computer Interaction [158]. For example, one of the current health management areas where ICTs have been employed is in supporting communications between patients and physicians [140]. This is particularly relevant for patients suffering from chronic diseases since there is evidence that better communication leads to better health outcomes [85]. 
HCI researchers are investigating different chronic diseases to design and test technology interventions to promote better chronic disease care [88, 102, 103, 137]. However, few have investigated asthma as a case study for designing communication technologies. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated in 2008 that 300 million people suffer from asthma, and that asthma is the most common chronic illness among children [159]. Asthma affects an estimated 5.6 million children under the age of 18 in the United States. Although increases in asthma prevalence have slowed since the mid-1990s, asthma prevalence remains at high levels [2]. Asthma interferes with breathing by preventing airflow into the lungs. It is difficult to determine the actual cause of asthma and to predict who will have asthma. These unique challenges provide opportunities to investigate pediatric asthma management. 
I conducted a series of studies with pediatric asthma patients, families, and healthcare providers to better understand their needs, challenges and strategies regarding the use of technologies. I have conducted interviews, a focus group, and a technology probe study to create and refine initial technology designs for children with asthma and their caregivers. Based on the Health Belief Model (HBM), patient-provider communications, and my findings in the prior studies, I designed a mobile and web service to increase asthma knowledge and management awareness in the child for better health outcomes, and to affect the perceived quality of interaction with healthcare providers. I conducted the initial field deployment with twenty-three patients and eight physicians to learn how the system affected their practices and health outcomes. Based on the result of the first deployment, I changed the conditions of the first study and conducted a second hypothesis-driven field deployment. My contributions come from an increased understanding in three areas: physician-patient communication via a mobile and web services; ubiquitous communication technology designs to improve current pediatric asthma practices; and controlled evaluation of a ubiquitous communication technology, SMS, in the field.
Haloperidol but Not Clozapine Increases Neurotensin Receptor mRNA Levels in Rat Substantia Nigra (1993)

We examined the effects of chronic (2 weeks) treatment with a typical neuroleptic, haloperidol (1 mg/kg, s.c.), and an atypical neuroleptic, clozapine (20 mg/kg, s.c.), on neurotensin receptor (NTR) mRNA levels by in situ hybridization histochemistry. Quantitative OD analysis showed haloperidol-induced NTR mRNA levels in the substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area (SN/VTA) 110% over control levels (significant difference from the control, p < 0.05). In contrast, the same analysis applied to the sections from clozapine-treated animals showed no significant change in NTR mRNA levels compared with matched control sections (p > 0.05). Thus, chronic treatment with haloperidol but not clozapine resulted in elevated levels of NTR mRNA within the SN/VTA. These results suggest that the high incidence of extrapyramidal side effects of typical neuroleptics could result from changes in NTR expression in the SN/VTA.
Resveratrol derivatives as promising chemopreventive agents with improved potency and selectivity (2011)

Owing to structural simplicity, facile syntheses are available for large-scale production. These data support the promise of more advanced development of novel resveratrol derivatives as drug entities.
An epidemiological study of natural in utero infection with bovine leukemia virus. (1983)

The purpose of this study was to examine rates of natural in utero infection with bovine leukemia virus for association with breed, sex, dam age, dam parity and time of maternal seroconversion. Analyses conducted for breed and sex, dam age and parity and time of maternal seroconversion were the FUNCAT procedure for categorical data, Wilcoxon Rank Sums test and Fisher's exact test, respectively. A total of 223 calves born between July 1979, and September 1980, to cows infected with bovine leukemia virus in the University of Florida Dairy Research Unit herd were tested for detectable bovine leukemia virus antibodies prior to the consumption of colostrum. Sera were tested for antibodies by agar-gel immunodiffusion and radioimmunoprecipitation using the glycoprotein-51 antigen. In a group of 125 calves in which in utero infection could be confirmed through serological follow-up (group A), eight calves (6.4%) had precolostral bovine leukemia virus antibodies. For all 223 calves (group B), 18 (8.1%) had detectable bovine leukemia virus antibodies. For calves in group A, no associations were detected between precolostral bovine leukemia virus antibodies and breed (p = 0.66), dam age (p = 0.86), dam parity (p = 0.83), or time of maternal seroconversion to bovine leukemia virus (p = 0.50). However, precolostral bovine leukemia virus antibodies were found in 17.4% of the males and 3.6% of the females in group A (p = 0.11) and in 12.4% of the males and 3.6% of the females in group B (p = 0.04).
Reactivation and Reduction of Electrochemically Inactivated Polyaniline by 2,5‐Dimercapto‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole (1995)

A polyaniline (PAn) film which has been electrochemically inactivated by continuous potential cycling in can be reactivated by 2,5‐dimercapto‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole (DMcT) or methanesulfonic acid. PAn reactivated by DMcT is in its reduced form, while that reactivated by methanesulfonic acid is in its oxidized form. Thus, the reversible inactivation is ascribed to a deprotonation of oxidized PAn. Additionally, DMcT can reduce the oxidized PAn. Similar results were obtained for poly(N‐methylaniline).
ChemInform Abstract: Regiocontrolled Synthesis of Ring‐Fused Thieno[2,3‐c]pyrazoles Through 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Nitrile Imines with Sulfur‐Based Acetylenes. (2011)

Abstract The sulfur controls the regiochemistry of the reaction.
Surface Tension Mediated Conversion of Light to Work (2009)

As energy demands increase, new, more direct, energy collection and utilization processes must be explored. We present a system that intrinsically combines the absorption of sunlight with the production of useful work in the form of locomotion of objects on liquids. Focused sunlight is locally absorbed by a nanostructured composite, creating a thermal surface tension gradient and, subsequently, motion. Controlled linear motion and rotational motion are demonstrated. The system is scale independent, with remotely powered and controlled motion shown for objects in the milligram to tens of grams range.
Study and fabrication of amorphous and microcrystalline silicon-carbon alloys for microelectronic applications (2002)

Results on amorphous and microcrystalline silicon carbon alloy layers obtained by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition are reported. The investigations are focused on the deposition rate and carbon content for different deposition conditions. In order to assess the applicability of silicon carbon alloys films, heterojunctions of amorphous-SiC:H/crystalline Si (a-SiC:H/c-Si) and microcrystalline-SiC:H/crystalline Si (/spl mu/c-SiC:H/c-Si) diodes were fabricated and their current-voltage characteristics were compared. The obtained results indicate that the /spl mu/c-SiC:H/c-Si heterojunction presents electrical properties suitable for heterojunction bipolar transistor fabrication.
Rasch Model and Its Extensions for Analysis of Aphasic Deficits in Syntactic Comprehension (2011)

Aphasia is the loss of the ability to produce and/or comprehend language, due to injury to brain areas responsible for these functions. Aphasic patients’ performance on comprehension tests has traditionally been related both to the patient’s individual ability and to the difficulty of the test questions. The natural choice for analysis of these test results is the Rasch model. It assumes that the probability of a patient responding correctly to a question is the inverse-logit function of the difference between the individual patient’s ability and the difficulty of the test question. This study first modeled the way aphasic patients process different sentence types, as well as their ability to accomplish tasks using Rasch models. However, several scientifically important features of the data, such as the correlation of correct responses between two different comprehension tasks, and the association between response patterns in control sentences and response patterns in experimental sentences, were found to be inadequately captured by such models. Alternatively, we used a full Bayesian approach, exploring a mixture of generalized linear mixed models that clustered patients into similar response patterns and abilities. The mixture model was found to better describe the experimental results than any other model examined. The mixture model also expresses the hypothesis that aphasic patients can be classified into different ability and response profile groups, and that patients utilize different cognitive resources in different comprehension tasks. These results are scientifically important and could not have been discovered by using the simple Rasch model. This article has supplementary material online.
PARP7 Inhibition: A Promising Pathway to Advancements in Cancer Therapy (2023)

Despite the advancements in cancer treatment, ovarian cancer's five-year survival rate remains below 50%. PARP inhibitors, targeting cancer cells with defects in DNA repair, present a promising treatment. However, concerns about drug resistance and side effects demand further research. One target gaining interest is PARP7 and inhibitors are shown to restore type I interferon signaling responses, leading to tumor regression. While no approved PARP7 inhibiting pharmaceuticals currently exist, this Patent Highlights showcase compounds and formulations with potential as potent PARP7 inhibitors, marking a new path for cancer therapy. PARP7 inhibitors could be instrumental in treating various cancers and immunological diseases, and with further understanding, may improve patient outcomes.
Architecture and analysis of a self-assembled 3D array of carbon nanotubes and molecular memories (2004)

Carbon nanotubes and molecular memories have emerged as potential building blocks for functional nano-devices. We analyze the feasibility of integrating single-walled carbon nanotubes and molecular memories into a three-dimensional crossbar array using DNA-directed self-assembly. We describe a process flow for fabricating such arrays and derive design constraints for achieving electromechanical switching with low leakage currents. Finally, we develop a simulation model to incorporate the various device elements.
How a Vision Was Made to Come True (2019)

A kidney transplant program was started at Innsbruck University Hospital in 1974. This was followed by the first liver transplant in 1977 and the first combined pancreas-kidney transplant in 1979. Because these 3 programs were quite successful, the idea was born to try to establish a unit that could provide temporary and permanent replacement for the loss of all kinds of organ function. In 1993, a special unit for transplant was opened. Dialysis was incorporated as part of available treatment right from the beginning. The new ward made it possible to routinely treat patients in need of bioartificial livers, to provide ventricular assist devices and later total artificial hearts, and to provide extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The first heart transplant was performed in 1983, the first heart-lung in 1985, the first double-lung in 1987, followed by the first multivisceral transplant in 1989, the first isolated bowel in 1994, and finally the first double-hand transplant was performed in 2000. Thus, our vision of such a unit has become true.
Wavelength Stabilization of Extended-Cavity Tapered Lasers with Volume Bragg Gratings (2006)

We describe the strong wavelength-stabilization of high-brightness extended-cavity lasers based on 808-nm and 976-nm tapered amplifiers by use of volume Bragg gratings. Single-frequency operation has been obtained in a robust and simple design.
Electrical measurements of the polarization in a moving magnetic vortex (2009)

We propose that the polarization of the moving magnetic vortex core can be detected by the electro- and spin-motive forces acting on the spin-polarized conduction electrons. With parameters appropriate to Permalloy, we have simulated the dynamics of a magnetic vortex core resulting from an applied oscillating magnetic field. We show that the polarization of the moving core can be detected by a simple electrical measurement.
Abstract 15295: Cardiac Sympathetic Afferent Stimulation Increases Brain ENaCs, thereby Concomitant Salt Loading Leads to Sympathoexcitation (2012)

Background: Recently, we demonstrated in mice with pressure overload, brain epithelial Na channels (ENaCs) increased and concomitant salt loading induced sympathoexcitation (Circ Res 2010). However...
Cortical function and sensorimotor plasticity predict future low back pain after an acute episode: the UPWaRD prospective cohort study (2021)

ABSTRACT Predicting the development of chronic low back pain (LBP) at the time of an acute episode remains challenging. The Understanding persistent Pain Where it ResiDes (UPWaRD) study aimed to identify neurobiological and psychological risk factors for chronic LBP. Individuals with acute LBP (N=120) participated in a prospective cohort study with six-month follow-up. Candidate predictors were selected from the neurobiological (e.g. sensorimotor cortical excitability assessed by sensory and motor evoked potentials, Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor genotype), psychological (e.g. depression and anxiety), symptom-related (e.g. LBP history) and demographic domains. Analyses involved multivariable linear regression models with pain intensity or disability degree as continuous variables. Secondary analyses involved a multivariable logistic model with presence of low back pain at six months (thresholding pain intensity and disability degree) as a dichotomous variable. Lower sensory cortex and corticomotor excitability, higher baseline pain intensity, higher depression, stress and pain catastrophizing were the strongest predictors (R 2 =0.47) of pain intensity at six months. Older age and higher pain catastrophizing were the strongest predictors (R 2 =0.30) of disability at six months. When LBP outcome was dichotomised, sensory cortex and corticomotor excitability, BDNF genotype, depression and anxiety, LBP history and baseline pain intensity, accurately discriminated those who did and did not report LBP at six months (c-statistic 0.91). This study identifies novel risk factors for future LBP after an acute episode that can predict an individual’s pain intensity and level of disability at six-month follow-up, and accurately discriminate between those who will and will not report LBP at six months.