gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Highly fluorinated low‐molecular‐weight photoresists for optical waveguides (2010)

Abstract A series of highly fluorinated polymers were synthesized by copolymerization of 2,3,4,5,6‐pentafluorostyrene (PFS) and fluorinated styrene derivate monomer (FSDM). Their chemical structure were confirmed by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, and 19 F NMR spectra. The refractive index and cross‐linking density of the polymers can be tuned and controlled by monitoring the feed ratio of comonomers. A series of negative‐type low‐molecular‐weight fluorinated photoresists (NFPs) were prepared by composing of fluorinated polystyrene derivates (FPSDs), diphenyl iodonium salt as a photoacid generator (PAG) and solvent. The polymer films prepared from NFP by photocuring exhibited excellent chemical resistance and thermal stabilities ( T d ranged from 230.5 to 258.1 °C). A clear negative pattern was obtained through direct UV exposure and chemical development. For waveguides without upper cladding, the propagation loss of the channel waveguides was measured to be 0.25 dB/cm at 1550 nm. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
In vitroscreening for the tumoricidal properties of international medicinal herbs (2008)

There is growing use of anticancer complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) worldwide. The purpose of the current study is to assess a sizeable variety of natural and plant sources of diverse origin, to ascertain prospective research directives for cancer treatment and potential new chemotherapy drug sources. In this study, 374 natural extracts (10 microg/mL-5 mg/mL) were evaluated for dose-dependent tumoricidal effects using immortal neuroblastoma of spontaneous malignant origin. The findings indicate no pattern of tumoricidal effects by diverse plants with similar families/genus under the classes Pinopsida, Equisetopsida, Lycopodiosida, Filicosida, Liliopsida Monocotyledons or Magnoliopsida Dicotyledons. The results indicate that many of the most commonly used CAMs exhibited relatively weak tumoricidal effects including cats claw, astragalus, ginseng, echinacea, mistletoe, milk thistle, slippery elm, cayenne, chamomile, don quai, meadowsweet, motherwort and shepherd's purse. The data demonstrate that the most potent plant extracts were randomly dispersed within the plantae kingdom (LC(50) = 31-490 microg/mL) in order of the lowest LC(50) Dioscorea villosa (Dioscoreaceae) > Sanguinaria canadensis (Papaveraceae) > Dipsacus asper (Dipsacaceae) > Populus balsamifera (Salicaceae) > Boswellia carteri (Burseraceae) > Cyamopsis psoralioides (Fabaceae) > Rhamnus cathartica (Rhamnaceae) > Larrea tridentate (Zygophyllaceae) > Dichroa febrifuga (Hydrangeaceae) > Batschia canescens (Boraginaceae) > Kochia scoparia (Chenopodiaceae) > Solanum xanthocarpum (Solanaceae) > Opoponax chironium (Umbelliferae) > Caulophyllum thalictroides (Berberidaceae) > Dryopteris crassirhizoma (Dryopteridaceae) > Garcinia cambogia (Clusiaceae) > Vitex agnus-castus (Verbenaceae) > Calamus draco (Arecaceae). These findings show tumoricidal effect by extracts of wild yam root, bloodroot, teasel root, bakuchi seed, dichroa root, kanta kari, garcinia fruit, mace, dragons blood and the biblically referenced herbs: balm of gilead bud, frankincense and myrrh gum.
Sortilin as a Biomarker for Cardiovascular Disease Revisited (2021)

Genetic variants in the genomic region containing <i>SORT1</i> (encoding the protein sortilin) are strongly associated with cholesterol levels and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Circulating sortilin has therefore been proposed as a potential biomarker for cardiovascular disease. Multiple studies have reported association between plasma sortilin levels and cardiovascular outcomes. However, the findings are not consistent across studies, and most studies have small sample sizes. The aim of this study was to evaluate sortilin as a biomarker for CAD in a well-characterized cohort with symptoms suggestive of CAD. In total, we enrolled 1,173 patients with suspected stable CAD referred to coronary computed tomography angiography. Sortilin was measured in plasma using two different technologies for quantifying circulating sortilin: a custom-made enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and OLINK Cardiovascular Panel II. We found a relative poor correlation between the two methods (correlation coefficient = 0.21). In addition, genotyping and whole-genome sequencing were performed on all patients. By whole-genome regression analysis of sortilin levels measured with ELISA and OLINK, two independent <i>cis</i> protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) on chromosome 1p13.3 were identified, with one of them being a well-established risk locus for CAD. Incorporating rare genetic variants from whole-genome sequence data did not identify any additional pQTLs for plasma sortilin. None of the traditional CAD risk factors, such as sex, age, smoking, and statin use, were associated with plasma sortilin levels. Furthermore, there was no association between circulating sortilin levels and coronary artery calcium score (CACS) or disease severity. Sortilin did not improve discrimination of obstructive CAD, when added to a clinical pretest probability (PTP) model for CAD. Overall, our results indicate that studies using different methodologies for measuring circulating sortilin should be compared with caution. In conclusion, the well-known <i>SORT1</i> risk locus for CAD is linked to lower sortilin levels in circulation, measured with ELISA; however, the effect sizes are too small for sortilin to be a useful biomarker for CAD in a clinical setting of low- to intermediate-risk chest-pain patients.
Two Crystal Structures of Fully Dehydrated, Fully Ag+-Exchanged Zeolite X. Dehydration in Oxygen Prevents Ag+ Reduction. Without Oxygen, Ag8n+ (Td) and cyclo-Ag4m+ (near S4) Form (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionTwo Crystal Structures of Fully Dehydrated, Fully Ag+-Exchanged Zeolite X. Dehydration in Oxygen Prevents Ag+ Reduction. Without Oxygen, Ag8n+ (Td) and cyclo-Ag4m+ (near S4) FormSoo Yeon Kim, Yang Kim, and Karl SeffCite this: J. Phys. Chem. B 2003, 107, 37, 10320Publication Date (Web):August 26, 2003Publication History Published online26 August 2003Published inissue 1 September 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jp030996ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/jp030996acorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views267Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (5 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optimization of Si/N Treatment Time of Sapphire Surface and Its Effect on the MOVPE GaN Overlayers (1999)

We report that the exposure of the sapphire substrate, prior to the deposition of a GaN nucleation layer, under simultaneous silane and ammonia flows fundamentally influences the quality of GaN epilayers grown by Metal-Organic Vapor Phase Epitaxy (MOVPE). This step of the growth process will be referred to as “Si/N treatment”. An increase of the interfacial energy between the GaN nucleation layer and sapphire, induced by this Si/N treatment, changes the morphology (2D to 3D) of this nucleation layer and results in improved quality for GaN epilayers. For an optimized Si/N treatment time (30 s), a 300 K electron mobility as high as 650 cm2/Vs was obtained. Using symmetric (0002) rocking curves, we measured 180 arcsec full width at half maximum (FWHM) in ω-scan. 9 K photoluminescence spectra are dominated by a sharp peak (FWHM = 3.5 meV) corresponding to donor bound exciton recombination.
System specification and validation of a noseband pressure sensor for measurement of ruminating and eating behavior in stable-fed cows (2017)

Rumination and eating behavior are important indicators for assessing health and well-being in cattle. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a novel scientific monitoring device for automated measurement of ruminating and eating behavior in stable-fed cows to provide research with a measuring instrument for automated health and activity monitoring. The RumiWatch noseband sensor (Itin+Hoch GmbH, Liestal, Switzerland) incorporates a noseband pressure sensor, a data logger with online data analysis, and software. Automated measurements of behavioral parameters are based on generic algorithms without animal-specific learning data. Thereby, the system records and classifies the duration of chewing activities and enables users to quantify individual ruminating and eating jaw movements performed by the animal. During the course of the development, two releases of the system-specific software RumiWatch Converter (RWC) were created and taken into account for the validation study. The results generated by the two software versions, RWC V0.7.2.0 and RWC V0.7.3.2, were compared with direct behavioral observations. Direct observations of cow behavior were conducted on 14 Swiss dairy farms with an observation time of 1 h per animal, resulting in a total sample of 60 dairy cows. Agreement of sensor measurement and direct observation was expressed as Spearman correlation coefficients (rs) for the pooled sample. For consolidated classification of sensor data (1-h resolution), correlations for rumination time were rs = 0.91 (RWC V0.7.2.0) and rs = 0.96 (RWC 0.7.3.2), and for eating time rs = 0.86 (RWC 0.7.2.0) and rs = 0.96 (RWC V0.7.3.2). Both software versions provide a high standard of validity and measuring performance for ruminating and eating behavior. The high to very high correlations between direct observation and sensor data demonstrate that the RumiWatch noseband sensor was successfully developed and validated as a scientific monitoring device for automated measurement of ruminating and eating activity in stable-fed dairy cows.
Novel Chrysin-De-Allyl PAC-1 Hybrid Analogues as Anticancer Compounds: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation (2020)

New chrysin-De-allyl-Pac-1 hybrid analogues, tethered with variable heterocyclic systems (<b>4a</b>-<b>4o</b>), were rationally designed and synthesized. The target compounds were screened for in vitro antiproliferative efficacy in the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line, MDA-MB-231, and normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs). Two compounds, <b>4g</b> and <b>4i</b>, had the highest efficacy and selectivity towards MDA-MB-231 cells, and thus, were further evaluated by mechanistic experiments. The results indicated that both compounds <b>4g</b> and <b>4i</b> induced apoptosis by (1) inducing cell cycle arrest at the G2 phase in MDA-MB-231 cells, and (2) activating the intrinsic apoptotic pathways in a concentration-dependent manner. Physicochemical characterizations of these compounds suggested that they can be further optimized as potential anticancer compounds for TNBC cells. Overall, our results suggest that <b>4g</b> and <b>4i</b> could be suitable leads for developing novel compounds to treat TNBC.
Computational structure–activity relationships in H2storage: how placement of N atoms affects release temperatures in organic liquid storage materials (2007)

DFT(B3PW91) calculations show that release of H2 is greatly favored thermodynamically in five membered rings over six and by the incorporation of N atoms into the rings, either as ring atoms or as ring substituents, particularly in 1,3 positions.
Location-aware Single Image Reflection Removal (2021)

This paper proposes a novel location-aware deep-learning-based single image reflection removal method. Our network has a reflection detection module to regress a probabilistic reflection confidence map, taking multi-scale Laplacian features as inputs. This probabilistic map tells if a region is reflection-dominated or transmission-dominated, and it is used as a cue for the network to control the feature flow when predicting the reflection and transmission layers. We design our network as a recurrent network to progressively refine reflection removal results at each iteration. The novelty is that we leverage Laplacian kernel parameters to emphasize the boundaries of strong reflections. It is beneficial to strong reflection detection and substantially improves the quality of reflection removal results. Extensive experiments verify the superior performance of the proposed method over state-of-the-art approaches. Our code and the pre-trained model can be found at https://github.com/zdlarr/Location-aware-SIRR.
Fluorescence Imaging Of Early Lung Cancer (2005)

Using a ratio fluorometer probe, tissue autofluorescence induced by a Krypton ion laser in normal bronchial tissues and early lung cancer was found to be different. In vivo spectroscopic measurements using an optical multi-channel analyzer also showed an overall decrease in autofluorescence in the tumor tissues. Because tissue autofluorescence is not uniform, the technique of ratioing may not be reliably applied to bronchoscopic imaging of early lung cancer to cancel the dependence of fluorescence intensity on the distance, angle and irradiance of the excitation light. This can, however, be overcome by other mathematical transformation of the autofluorescence images of
The use of drill-bit energy as a downhole seismic source (1991)

Abstract A new wellbore seismic technique uses the vibrations produced by a drill bit while drilling as a downhole seismic energy source. The technique is described as 'inverse' VSP because the source and receiver positions of conventional VSP are reversed. No downhole instrumentation is required to obtain the data and the data recording does not interfere with the drilling process. These characteristics offer a method by which borehole seismic data can be acquired, processed, and interpreted while drilling. Interchanging the conventional VSP source and receiver positions improves the efficiency of recording multioffset surveys for imaging a 3-D data volume in the borehole vicinity. The continuous signals generated by the drill bit are recorded by a pilot sensor attached to the top of the drillstring and by receivers located at selected positions around the borehole. The pilot signal is crosscorrelated with the receiver signals to compute traveltimes of the arrivals and to attenuate incoherent noise. Deconvolution and time shifts of the pilot signal compensate for the effects of propagation from the drill bit to the top of the drillstring. By repeating this process for an interval of the well, a VSP-equivalent data set is generated. Results from a test well demonstrate that the processed drill-bit data are comparable to conventional VSP data.
Mechanism of UVB‐Induced Suppression of the Immune Response to Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette‐Guerin: Role of Cytokines on Macrophage Function (1996)

Previously we demonstrated that treatment of mice with either UVB radiation or supernatants derived from UVB-irradiated PAM 212 keratinocytes decreased the induction of the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), impaired the clearance of bacteria from their lymphoid organs and also altered macrophage functions. In order to characterize the cytokines involved in these phenomena, UV-irradiated mice were injected with antibodies to interleukin-10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Injection of UVB-irradiated mice with anti-IL-10 immediately after UV irradiation restored the DTH response and reversed the UV-induced inhibition of bacterial clearance. Injection of UV-irradiated mice with anti-TGF-beta only partially restored the DTH response although it allowed a better clearance of BCG than injection of mice with the control antibody. In contrast, injection of anti-TNF-alpha did not affect the UVB-induced suppression of DTH or impaired bacterial clearance. Similarly, the ability of macrophages to phagocytose BCG and kill the intracellular organisms was restored to almost normal levels after injecting UV-irradiated mice with antibodies specific for IL-10 or TGF-beta. Injection of mice with either recombinant IL-10 or TGF-beta mimicked the effect of whole-body UV irradiation on immune function. These results suggest that IL-10 has a major role in UV-induced suppression of both DTH to BCG and impairment in the clearance of bacteria and that TGF-beta has a more significant role in blocking bacterial clearance. Furthermore, these cytokines seem to modulate immune responses by altering macrophage functions in UVB-irradiated mice.
Chromatin Accessibility Landscapes of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2021)

Abstract Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in pediatric patients spanning both B- and T-cell lineages. ALL also occurs less commonly in adults but with cure rates of only around 30%. Past work has characterized ALL into molecular subtypes spanning a range of aberrant chromosomal rearrangements and oncogene chimeric fusions driving malignancy. While transcriptional profiling of these subtypes has been extensively examined, the accompanying chromatin accessibility landscape and corresponding gene regulatory repertoire is not well characterized for many subtypes. To better profile the ALL epigenomic and gene regulatory repertoire we examined chromatin accessibility of 12 distinct molecular subtypes (BCR-ABL1, ETV6-RUNX1, Hyperdiploid, Hypodiploid, KMT2A rearranged, Ph-Like, PAX5, DUX4/ERG, TCF3-PBX1, T-ALL, Early T Precursor and B-other) across 189 primary patient samples of pediatric ALL (n = 106) and adult ALL (n = 83) origin using ATAC-seq. To our knowledge, this represents the largest collection of chromatin accessibility data in primary ALL samples spanning multiple molecular subtypes to date. Collectively, we identified over 600,000 accessible chromatin sites in the ALL genome with over 50,000 regions of differentially accessible chromatin encompassing both common and subtype-specific modalities. Further, transcription factor (TF) footprint profiling of ATAC-seq yielded tens of thousands of candidate TF binding events and identified key TF drivers within distinct molecular subtypes. We additionally performed H3K27ac ChIP-seq in a subset of 12 primary ALL patient samples, with integration of these histone data for select patient samples allowing inferences about candidate super-enhancer drivers of ALL molecular subtypes. Overall, these analyses and data offer a window into the gene regulatory and epigenetic landscape of ALL, and further highlight the complexity and heterogeneity of accessible chromatin landscapes among distinct molecular subtypes of ALL. Disclosures Stock: Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; amgen: Honoraria; agios: Honoraria; jazz: Honoraria; kura: Honoraria; kite: Honoraria; morphosys: Honoraria; servier: Honoraria; syndax: Consultancy, Honoraria; Pluristeem: Consultancy, Honoraria. Pui: Adaptive Biotechnologies: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Other: Data Monitoring Committee. Evans: Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Scientific Advisory Board, Chair: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Emeritus Member (began Jan 2021): Ended employment in the past 24 months; BioSkryb, Inc.: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.
Kontaktlinsenträger und Trockenes Auge: ein neues Therapiekonzept mit einem liposomalen Augenspray (2006)

Eine Störung der Lipidphase des Tränenfilms wird als hauptsächliche Ursache angenommen. Kontaktlinsenträger leiden besonders darunter. Methoden: Es wurde eine prospektive, randomisierte Studie mit 30 Kontaktlinsenträgern (Tears-Again, liposomales Augenspray) und einer gleich großen Kontrollgruppe (herkömmliche Tränenersatzmittel) durchgeführt. LIPCOF, Schirmer-Test, BUT, Vitalfärbungen und Tränenmeniskus wurden gemessen. Die Anwendung, die Verträglichkeit und die therapeutische Wirkung des liposomalen Sprays wurden untersucht. Ergebnisse: Durch die Stabilisierung der Lipidphase konnten alle Symptome des Trockenen Auges gelindert werden. Die Anwendung und die subjektive Akzeptanz wurden als sehr gut eingestuft. Funktionelle Teste zeigten ebenfalls deutliche Verbesserungen. Die Ergebnisse waren hoch signifikant. Schlussfolgerung: Mit der Anwendung eines liposomalen Augensprays steht eine neue Therapieform zur Behandlung des trockenen Auges zur Verfügung. Den klassischen Tränensubstituten ist diese Anwendungsform, auch bei Kontaktlinsenträgern, deutlich überlegen.
William Shakespeare's ‘Troilus and Cressida’: Credit Risks (2009)

This chapter analyzes the economic implications of William Shakespeare's Troilus and Cressida (1609). Between the early 1600s and the late 1800s, there were no notable productions of Troilus and Cressida, indicating that it was a marketing failure. Whatever response the play got in the early seventeenth century, it seems to have deviated from the commercial purposes its producers had for it. Understanding the economics of Troilus seriously means not only asking supply-side questions about the choices that its producers made, but demand-side questions about the choices that its consumers made, since it was their decisions which finally decided the play's fate in the theatrical marketplace. The chapter asks what they found so off-putting about it.
ChemInform Abstract: Physiologically Active Compounds Interacting with Serotonin (5‐Hydroxytryptamine) Receptors (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Escherichia coliProducing CTX-M-2 β-Lactamase in Cattle, Japan (2004)

From November 2000 to June 2001, Escherichia coli strains producing CTX-M-2 beta-lactamase were isolated from 6 (1.5%) of 396 cattle fecal samples and 2 (0.7%) of 270 surface swabs of cattle carcasses in Japan. The blaCTX-M-2 gene responsible for CTX-M-2 production was encoded on transferable plasmids, and the gene was transferred to E. coli CSH2 with a very high frequency (2 x 10(-4) to 6 x 10(-1) per donor cells) by conjugation. Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of nine isolates showed at least five different patterns. These findings suggest that CTX-M-2 producers might have originated from cattle through the use of cephalosporins such as ceftiofur and that cattle could be a reservoir of CTX-M-2-producing E. coli. Continuous and strategic surveillance of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in livestock is essential to suppress further dissemination of these bacteria into society at large.