gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Balancing glycolytic flux: the role of (2013)

The increased glucose metabolism in cancer cells is required to fulfill their high energetic and biosynthetic demands. Changes in the metabolic activity of cancer cells are caused by the activation of oncogenes or loss of tumor suppressors. They can also be part of the metabolic adaptations to the conditions imposed by the tumor microenvironment, such as the hypoxia response. Among the metabolic enzymes that are modulated by these factors are the 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose 2,6-bisphosphatases (PFKFBs), a family of bifunctional enzymes that control the levels of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (Fru-2,6-P2). This metabolite is important for the dynamic regulation of glycolytic flux by allosterically activating the rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1). Therapeutic strategies designed to alter the levels of this metabolite are likely to interfere with the metabolic balance of cancer cells, and could lead to a reduction in cancer cell proliferation, invasiveness and survival. This article will review our current understanding of the role of PFKFB proteins in the control of cancer metabolism and discuss the emerging interest in these enzymes as potential targets for the development of antineoplastic agents.
An improved interferometric calibrator for Mossbauer spectrometer drive systems (1976)

An improved laser-driven Michelson interferometer for calibrating and checking the linearity of Mossbauer drive systems is discussed. The design avoids velocity errors so that the calibrator may be used at velocities down to the lowest normally used in Mossbauer spectroscopy. The effect of the necessary hysteresis in the fringe-counting electronics is analysed and the use of the calibrator is demonstrated by examining the linearity of various drive systems. It is shown that recoil of the drive vibrator is the major problem in obtaining a linear velocity scale.
Localization of Apo-Lipoproteins in Human Carotid Artery Plaques (1975)

Apoproteins from plasma lipoproteins were localized by immunofluorescence techniques in human carotid artery atherosclerotic lesions. These studies were performed in light of the possible importance of these apoproteins in both lipid metabolism and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. ApoA-I from high density lipoproteins, apoB from low density lipoproteins, and apoC-III from very low density lipoproteins were localized also as markers for their respective lipoproteins, since the latter cross-react immunologically. The three apoproteins were localized to the same regions of lesions as neutral lipids and, to some extent, fibrinogen. These regions consisted of bands of collagen fibers, usually deeper within the lesion, and the lipid core or atheroma of such advanced lesions. Although the superposition of localization for the three apoproteins and lipid was only 53%, it was suggested that deviation from complete superposition was due to the abrupt changes in lesion structure resulting from the focal nature of the atherosclerotic process. These results suggest that there is a broader specificity than previously implied of the interaction between such lesion components as connective tissue and extracellular lipid accumulations, and apoproteins from plasma lipoproteins. This interaction is believed to result in a net retention within atherosclerotic lesions of human extracranial arteries of these plasma-derived factors, either as free apoproteins or as native lipoproteins.
Beliefs and attitudes towards participating in genetic research – a population based cross-sectional study (2013)

While respondents were generally inclined to approve of genetic research, and those who disapproved did not do so based on an underlying moral objection to such research, there is a disconnect between the belief in the importance of genetic research and the willingness of individuals to participate themselves. This indicates a continued concern for the ways in which genetic materials are safeguarded once they are collected. Also indicated was a general lack of understanding about the various consent processes that go along with genetic research, which should be addressed further to ensure the successful continuation of biobanks.
Traumata und Traumafolgestörungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen - eine kritische Übersicht zu Klassifikation und diagnostischen Kriterien (2008)

In recent years, the definitions of trauma and individual criteria of posttraumatic disorders as defined in ICD-10 and DSM-IV have been critically discussed. The category of acute stress disorder is questioned due to an over-emphasis on dissociative symptoms and a pathologizing of normal reactions after trauma. The criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder, especially those with regard to childhood and adolescence, need revision. Scheeringa and co-workers have since defined PTSD-criteria that are more suitable and specific for posttraumatic reactions and disorders in toddlers and children. Moreover, the "Complex Trauma Taskforce" of the National Child Traumatic Stress Network proposes a diagnosis called Developmental Trauma Disorder to better capture the problems of children suffering from early and complex traumata.
Digital signal processing applications using the ADSP-2100 family (1990)

The second-volume in a two volume set, this book shows how the ADSP-2100 family of digital signal processors are used to solve particular problems, e.g. in telecommunications, hardware interfaces, and data encoding, decoding and transmission. Each chapter covers a single application topic, briefly describes the algorithm, and discusses its implementation on ADSP-2100 family processors.
Peroxides. IV.2 Aliphatic Diperacids (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPeroxides. IV.2 Aliphatic DiperacidsWinfred E. Parker, L. P. Witnauer, and Daniel SwernCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 8, 1929–1931Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01565a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01565a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views205Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Twelve-Year Changes in Nesting Patterns of Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) on San Juan Island, Washington (1977)

James R. Newman, William H. Brennan, Lenore M. Smith, Twelve-Year Changes in Nesting Patterns of Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) on San Juan Island, Washington, The Murrelet, Vol. 58, No. 2 (Summer, 1977), pp. 37-39
Glycated Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Is Quickly Producedin Vitroupon Low-Millimolar Glucose Treatment and Detectedin Vivoin Diabetic Mice (2006)

Angiogenesis impairment in hyperglycemic patients represents a leading cause of severe vascular complications of both type-1 and -2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Angiogenesis dysfunction in DM is related to glycemic control; however, molecular mechanisms involved are still unclear. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) is a potent angiogenic factor and, according to previous evidence, may represent a key target of molecular modifications triggered by high-sugar exposure. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether short incubation with hyperglycemic levels of glucose affected FGF-2 and whether glucose-modified FGF-2 was detectable in vivo. Biochemical analyses carried out with SDS-PAGE, fluorescence emission, mass-spectrometry, immunoblot, and competitive ELISA experiments demonstrated that human FGF-2 undergoes a rapid and specific glycation upon 12.5-50 mm glucose exposure. In addition, FGF-2 exposed for 30 min to 12.5 mm glucose lost mitogenic and chemotactic activity in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Under similar conditions, binding affinity to FGF receptor 1 was dramatically reduced by 20-fold, as well as FGF receptor 1 and ERK-1/2 phosphorylation, and FGF-2 lost about 45% of angiogenic activity in two different in vivo angiogenic (Matrigel and chorioallantoic-membrane) assays. Such glucose-induced modification was specific, because other angiogenic growth factors, namely platelet-derived growth factor BB and placental-derived growth factor were not significantly or markedly less modified. Finally, for the first time, glycated-FGF-2 was detected in vivo, in tissues from hyperglycemic nonobese diabetic mice, in significantly higher amounts than in normoglycemic mice. In conclusion, hyperglycemic levels of glucose may strongly affect FGF-2 structure and impair its angiogenic features, and endogenous glycated-FGF-2 is present in diabetic mice, indicating a novel pathogenetic mechanism underlying angiogenesis defects in DM.
Pavlo Viktorovych Bliokh (to his 85th anniversary) (2007)

Shown is the creative development of one of the brilliant members of the Kharkivan radiophysics school, Honored Worker in Science and Technology of Ukraine, Professor Pavlo Viktorovych Bliokh, who would celebrate his 85th anniversary on March 8, 2007.
Extraction of Capsaicin from Red Pepper with Liquid Carbon Dioxide. (1994)

液化二酸化炭素を用いて,唐辛子の辛味成分であるカプサイシンの抽出について検討を行った.その結果,液化二酸化炭素によりカプサイシンの抽出が可能であった.また,エタノールまたは酢酸がエントレーナーとして有効に作用することが明らかになり,とくに,酢酸の効果が顕著であった.酢酸をエントレーナーとして用いることで60kg/cm2の低圧の液化二酸化炭素によりカプサイシンを約94%抽出することができ,二酸化炭素の使用量は無添加の場合と比較して約4分の1となった.
Investigation of Polypyrrole Coated Cotton Fabrics as Electromagnetic Shielding Material (2015)

This study was aimed to obtain conductive cotton fabric surfaces by chemical oxidative polymerization of pyrrole monomer. For this purpose, iron (III) chloride was used as oxidant, and an aliphatic polyether with acidic groups was used as anionic surfactant respectively. Polypyrrole formation on cotton fabric surface was proved by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The obtained polypyrrole coated cotton fabric samples have been evaluated in terms of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMSE) and electrical conductivity. Results showed that polypyrrole coated cotton fabrics have showed about 25 dB EMSE value in 0-3 GHz frequency range.
Identification of ring oxidized metabolites of 1-nitropyrene in the feces and urine of germfree F344 rats (1984)

1-Nitro[U-4,5,9,10-14C]pyrene in trioctanoin was administered by gavage to male germfree F344 rats. Extracts of the 120 h feces and urine were analyzed by h.p.l.c., with or without acetylation. 4,5-Dihydro-4,5-dihydroxy-1-nitropyrene, 1-nitro-3-hydroxypyrene, 1-nitro-6-hydroxypyrene and 1-nitro-8-hydroxypyrene but not 1-aminopyrene, 1-amino-6-hydroxypyrene or 1-amino-8-hydroxypyrene were identified by co-chromatography with standards. These results are in contrast to those obtained in the conventional F344 rat in which 1-aminopyrene, 1-amino-6-hydroxypyrene, and 1-amino-8-hydroxypyrene were fecal and urinary metabolites, indicating that intestinal microflora are involved in their formation.
Blockade of electron transport during ischemia preserves bcl-2 and inhibits opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (2011)

Myocardial ischemia damages the electron transport chain and augments cardiomyocyte death during reperfusion. To understand the relationship between ischemic mitochondrial damage and mitochondrial-driven cell death, the isolated perfused heart underwent global stop-flow ischemia with and without mitochondrial protection by reversible blockade of electron transport. Ischemic damage to electron transport depleted bcl-2 content and favored mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). Reversible blockade of electron transport preserved bcl-2 content and attenuated calcium-stimulated mitochondrial swelling. Thus, the damaged electron transport chain leads to bcl-2 depletion and MPT opening. Chemical inhibition of bcl-2 with HA14-1 also dramatically increased mitochondrial swelling, augmented by exogenous H(2)O(2) stress, indicating that bcl-2 depleted mitochondria are poised to undergo MPT during the enhanced oxidative stress of reperfusion.
A convenient synthesis of βγ-unsaturated carboxylic acids and esters. The isomeric 5-t-butylcyclohex-2-enecarboxylic acids (1976)

A procedure is described for the conversion of six-membered ring allylic bromides via the corresponding nitriles into βγ-unsaturated acids and esters. In this way cis- and trans-5-t-butylcyclohex-2-enecarboxylic acids have been prepared. Configurations of the latter are assigned on the basis of hydrogenation to the known saturated acids.
Neighbourhood drivability: environmental and individual characteristics associated with car use across Europe (2020)

Residential density and land-use mix were neighbourhood characteristics consistently associated with minutes of weekly car driving, besides age, sex, employment and household composition. Although total explained variance was low, both individual- and neighbourhood-level characteristics were similarly important in their associations with car use in five European urban areas. This study suggests that more, higher quality, and longitudinal data are needed to increase our understanding of car use and its effects on determinants of health.
Experimental Infection of New World Monkeys with Dengue and Yellow Fever Viruses (1958)

SummaryThirty monkeys of six genera which occur in the New World were inoculated with strains of type 1 and type 2 dengue virus which had never been passaged in laboratory animals. Although none of the monkeys showed overt signs of illness, almost all developed hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) or neutralizing antibodies. Viremia was demonstrated in four species of monkeys of three different genera 4 to 6 days after inoculation.The dengue and yellow fever HI antibody responses of these monkeys and others inoculated with yellow fever virus were similar to those which have been observed in persons naturally infected with these viruses.
Control of taro leaf blight using metalaxyl (1988)

Abstract Metalaxyl with copper (as 0.3% Ridomil plus 72 w.p.) gives excellent control of taro leaf blight (Phytophthora colocasiae) when applied at fortnightly intervals using a knapsack sprayer. This provides a useful tool for taro research and suggests a way to control the disease in subsistence food gardens which may be preferable both to the development and introduction of elite cultivars and to attempts at cultural control.
Investigating projectile penetration of concrete blocks reinforced by ceramics (2014)

Numerical simulation of the response of concrete structures to impact loading is an important tool in both the design of hardened protective structures and in the planning for effective attacks against such structures. This paper presents the development of an accurate finite-element model using AUTODYN to study the response of concrete structures reinforced by ceramic (Al2O3-99.7%) rods and plates exposed to 23 mm projectile. Concrete and ceramic are modelled using a combined mesh and meshfree numerical technique. The used meshfree Lagrangian technique (SPH) is to overcome problems of mesh tangling and remove the requirement for the use of erosion algorithms. The technique also allows an explicit representation of Ceramic through (SPH) element formulation. In such a model, the concrete region local to the penetrator, which experiences large deformation, is represented using the SPH solver. The modelled penetrator and the concrete further away from the impact observed to undergo little or no deformation by using the Lagrange solver.
Caractérisation de la houle par des surfaces de réponse pour l'analyse en fiabilité des plate-formes pétrolières (1996)

Dans le contexte actuel de requalification des structures ptrolires "offshore" arrivant en date bute de dure d'exploitation, on se propose ici de mettre en place un modle de champ cinmatique pour la houle de Stokes en vue d'une utilisation dans un calcul de fiabilit. L'approche, de type flSurface de Rponse'" permet de caractriser la typologie des crJ8ffips cinmatiques et de montrer que les fluctuations sont portes par des fonctions profil, tout en facilitant leur transfert pour le calcul d'efforts hydrodynamiques sur les barres d'une plate-forme de type 'Jacket". Les illustrations proviennent de simulations reposant sur des bases de donnes construites partir de donnes in situ de mer du Nord.
Evolution of Luminescence from Doped Gallium Phosphide over 40 Years (2009)

The results of luminescence studies conducted on the same samples of GaP over a 40-year period are discussed. The results strongly imply that periodic ordering of impurities improved the overall optical and mechanical properties of the material over time. Forty years after preparation, “hot” luminescence spectra in gallium phosphide (GaP) are similar to those for nanocrystals. The aged pure and N-doped crystals exhibit stimulated emission at 300 K. The aged GaP:N:Sm at room temperature generates bright green or yellow and red tunable luminescence. These results correlate with Raman light scattering and microhardness data obtained from the same crystals.
How great is the threat of chikungunya virus? (2014)

In the last decade, chikungunya virus has emerged from an obscure arbovirus that caused limited outbreaks of disease in Africa and Asia to the cause of a pandemic affecting millions of people and spanning five continents. Two separate chikungunya virus genotypes have been responsible for outbreaks during this period, including strains adapted to transmission in Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Further spread of this virus into new regions of the Western Hemisphere is predicted during the present rainy season in the tropics, and recurrent viral introductions and disease outbreaks, as occurred in Réunion in 2010, should be expected. Chikungunya virus no longer simply threatens; it has arrived as a significant, global pathogen.
Measurement of flash temperature and contact between slider and magnetic recording disk (1989)

Flash temperatures and contact events were measured during tests of a low flying slider and rigid thin-film magnetic disks. The Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-TiC slider had iron-constantan thermocouples embedded in its rails. The thermocouples served as both temperature sensors and electrically conductive contact probes. The flash temperature was determined to be about 150 degrees C during the impact of a single asperity and the slider. The impact load was found to be slightly less than 1 N. This value is slightly smaller than the force predicted by a theory based on slider inertia and indentation hardness. Contact event measurements disclosed that asperities on the disk surface deform plastically, even during the low-speed sliding encountered in contact start/stop cycles. The plastic deformation diminishes the severity of contact between head and disk in subsequent start/stop cycles.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Identification of surfactin as an anti-severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus multi-target compound extracted from the culture broth of marine microbes (2023)

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a tick-borne virus first identified in China in 2011 and later reported in other Asian countries. Significant efforts have been made to develop anti-SFTSV compounds; however, there are no approved vaccines or antivirals against SFTSV infections. Marine organisms provide nearly unlimited biological resources to produce therapeutic drugs for the treatment and control of disease. In this study, we aimed to identify anti-SFTSV chemical compounds from the culture broth extracts of marine microbes collected from the coasts of the Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. Of the 80 extracts, two showed an anti-SFTSV effect. One of them, which exhibited low cell toxicity, was used for further characterization. Chemical analysis combined with the anti-SFTSV effect identified surfactin as one of the main components of the selected extract. Our study showed a proof-of-concept to identify novel antiviral compounds from marine microbes against the virus of interest. Further analysis showed that surfactin affected the integrity of the virion membrane and inhibited SFTSV infection-induced membrane fusion at low pH conditions. Furthermore, surfactin inhibits the post-entry step of viral replication in the cell, which is a novel mode of antiviral action of surfactin. These results indicate that surfactin can target multiple steps of SFTSV replication in cells.
Self-sensing actuation for nanopositioning and active-mode damping in dual-stage HDDs (2006)

Position sensors other than the R/W heads are not embedded into current hard-disk drives (HDDs) due to cost, resolution, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) issues. Moreover, the "optimal" location for placing these sensors is still unknown. In this paper, the Pb-Zr-Ti (PZT) elements in the PZT suspension-based microactuator are used as a secondary actuator and a displacement sensor simultaneously with self-sensing actuation. The proposed displacement estimation circuit produces an estimated PZT microactuator's displacement with high SNR and nanometer resolution comparable to that measured from the laser doppler vibrometer (LDV). A robust active mode damping controller is then designed to damp the PZT microactuator suspension's torsion modes and sway mode, as well as decoupling the HDD dual-stage servo into two distinct loops for individual sensitivity optimization. Our results show attenuation of PZT microactuator's suspension modes by 5 dB and sway mode by 30 dB with low sensitivity. A reduction of up to 20% in 3/spl sigma/ position error signal is also observed.
Loss of Invariant Chain Protects Nonobese Diabetic Mice against Type 1 Diabetes (2006)

The invariant (Ii) chain acts as an essential chaperone to promote MHC class II surface expression, Ag presentation, and selection of CD4(+) T cells. We have examined its role in the development of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice and show that Ii chain-deficient NOD mice fail to develop type 1 diabetes. Surprisingly, Ii chain functional loss fails to disrupt in vitro presentation of islet Ags, in the context of NOD I-A(g7) molecules. Moreover, pathogenic effector cells could be shown to be present in Ii chain-deficient NOD mice because they were able to transfer diabetes to NOD.scid recipients. The ability of these cells to transfer diabetes was markedly enhanced by depletion of CD25 cells coupled with in vivo anti-CD25 treatment of recipient mice. The numbers of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T cells in thymus and periphery of Ii chain-deficient NOD mice were similar to those found in normal NOD mice, in contrast to conventional CD4(+) T cells whose numbers were reduced. This suggests that regulatory T cells are unaffected in their selection and survival by the absence of Ii chain and that an alteration in the balance of effector to regulatory T cells contributes to diabetes prevention.