gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Basic aspects of acid generation processes in chemically amplified resists for electron beam lithography (2005)

Acid generation processes of chemically amplified resists for electron beam (EB) lithography are different from those of chemically amplified photoresists. In chemically amplified EB resists, the role of acid generators is to produce not protons but counter anions of acids through the reactions with low energy electrons generated at ionization events. As the distribution of counter anions determines latent acid image, the dynamics of low energy electrons is important in EB lithography. In this paper, we made clear the effects of dielectric constants of base polymers, the initial separation distances between radical cations and electrons, and the reaction radii of acid generators on the sensitivity and resolution of chemically amplified resists.
Chemoproteomic Profiling of Phosphoaspartate Modifications in Prokaryotes (2018)

Abstract Phosphorylation at aspartic acid residues represents an abundant and critical post‐translational modification (PTM) in prokaryotes. In contrast to most characterized PTMs, such as phosphorylation at serine or threonine, the phosphoaspartate moiety is intrinsically labile, and therefore incompatible with common proteomic profiling methods. Herein, we report a nucleophilic, desthiobiotin‐containing hydroxylamine (DBHA) chemical probe that covalently labels modified aspartic acid residues in native proteomes. DBHA treatment coupled with LC‐MS/MS analysis enabled detection of known phosphoaspartate modifications, as well as novel aspartic acid sites in the E. coli proteome. Coupled with isotopic labelling, DBHA‐dependent proteomic profiling also permitted global quantification of changes in endogenous protein modification status, as demonstrated with the detection of increased E. coli OmpR phosphorylation, but not abundance, in response to changes in osmolarity.
Safety and Efficacy of Fluticasone Propionate/SalmeterolHydrofluoroalkane 134a Metered-Dose-Inhaler Comparedwith Fluticasone Propionate/Salmeterol Diskus in Patientswith Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2010)

Purpose : To provide information on the efficacy and safety of Fluticasone Propionate/Salmeterol Hydrofluoroalkane 134a Metered-Dose-Inhaler 230/42mcg (FSC MDI) and its comparable dose of Fluticasone Propionate/Salmeterol DISKUS 250/50mcg (FSC DISKUS) in patients with COPD. Methods : This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, 12 week study was designed to evaluate FSC MDI treatment responses as compared with FSC DISKUS. The primary comparison of interest was non-inferiority between the FSC MDI treatment group and the FSC DISKUS treatment group assessed in terms of 2-hour post-dose FEV 1 change from baseline at endpoint. The non-inferiority criterion bound was 75mL (lower confidence limit of -75mL). Inclusion criteria: Male or female aged ≥ 40, post-bronchodilator FEV 1 ≤ 70% predicted normal, FEV 1 /FVC ≤ 70% and ≥ 10 pack years smoking history. Adverse events were recorded by patients throughout the study on daily diary cards. Adverse events were collected in eCRFs at all clinic visits and during a final follow-up phone call. Results : Patients (N=247) were randomized to FSC MDI (FEV 1 % 49.3 + 12.3, FEV 1 /FVC 50.5 + 10.0) and FSC DISKUS (FEV 1 % 48.4 + 11.0, FEV 1 /FVC 50.3 + 10.3). From an ANCOVA model the least squares (LS) mean difference (FSC MDI– FSC DISKUS) for the 2-hour post dose FEV 1 at endpoint was -2.0mL (95% CI -64mL, 59mL). Pre-dose FEV 1 , FVC, PEF, and albuterol use were also similar between the two formulations. The most common adverse events (AE) during treatment were headache (8% and 6% of patients), nasopharyngitis (4% and 6%), cough (3% and 4%), and sinusitis (2% and 5%) for FSC MDI and FSC DISKUS, respectively. Pneumonia was recorded as an AE for 2 (2%) patients in the FSC DISKUS arm. Conclusion : This is the first study to demonstrate that FSC MDI has a similar efficacy and safety profile to FSC DISKUS in COPD patients.
Process Practice of Enhancing Mechanical Properties of Type F51AE Knuckles (2010)

For the plasticity and impact property of type F51AE knuckle can not satisfy the new technology requirements, many process schemes were developed, which aimed at improving the reliability of castings and toughening treatment. The suitable scheme for the production was confirmed through comparative analysis of different experiments results.
Efficient Production of sTNFRII-gAD Fusion Protein in Large Quantity by Use of the Modified CHO-S Cell Expression System (2014)

TNFα is one of the initial and important mediators to activate downstream signaling pathways by binding to trimerized TNFα receptors (TNFR), and thus is an ideal drug target for cancer therapy. Taking advantage of intrinsic homotimerization of the globular domain of adiponectin (gAD), we have developed a novel TNFα antagonist, the trimerized fusion protein named sTNFRII-gAD. However, our previously-used CHO expression system yielded less than 10 mg/L of sTNFRII-gAD. To produce large quantities of sTNFRII-gAD efficiently, we used a modified CHO-S cell expression system, which is based on a pMH3 vector with non-coding GC-rich DNA fragments for high-level gene expression. We obtained stable clones that produced 75 mg/L of sTNFRII-gAD in the 96-well plate, adapted the clones to 40 ml suspension serum-free batch culture, then optimized the culturing conditions to scale up the fed-batch culture in a 3 L shake-flask and finally in a 5 L AP30 bioreactor. We achieved a final yield of 52 mg/L of sTNFRII-gAD. The trimerized sTNFRII-gAD exhibited the higher affinity to TNFα with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 5.63 nM than the dimerized sTNFRII-Fc with a Kd of 13.4 nM, and further displayed the higher TNFα-neutralizing activity than sTNFRII-Fc (p<0.05) in a L929 cytotoxicity assay. Therefore, the strategy employed in this study may provide an efficient avenue for large-scale production of other recombinant proteins by use of the modified CHO-S cell expression system.
High‐resolution steady‐state free precession coronary magnetic resonance angiography within a breath‐hold: Parallel imaging with extended cardiac data acquisition (2005)

Coronary artery imaging data are conventionally acquired in a single imaging frame during mid-diastole. The data acquisition window must be sufficiently short to avoid cardiac motion artifacts. A short data acquisition window results in decreased imaging efficiency and limited spatial resolution. Parallel imaging may lessen these limitations, but requires highly accurate coil sensitivity. The purpose of this work was to increase the imaging efficiency and spatial resolution in coronary artery imaging using parallel imaging with an extended acquisition window. External coil calibration data were acquired before and after a short mid-diastolic period of accelerated imaging data acquisition. It was assumed that residual cardiac motion in the extended acquisition window would not impede accurate estimation of coil sensitivity since only low spatial frequency signals were acquired for coil calibration. Experimental studies were performed in five healthy volunteers at 3 T using steady-state free precession sequence. Statistical comparison was made between the proposed method and conventional data acquisition for visual quality of image and vessel sharpness. The proposed technique demonstrated higher visual grading and improved vessel sharpness. The proposed method is a new approach to enhance the imaging efficiency and spatial resolution in coronary artery imaging.
Properties, preparation methods and use of cerium nanooxide (2019)

The prevalence of Cerium compounds, economic affordability, and unique redox properties determine the wide range of cerium oxide applications. The transition to nanosized particles of cerium oxide allows these materials to reversibly absorb and release oxygen, which determined the use of nano-CeO2 in biomedical technologies in the treatment of diseases associated with lesions due to oxidative stress. The review analyzed the state of modern scientific literature regarding the properties, methods for producing and using cerium nanooxide. The main characteristics of cerium oxide and the features of its structure are described, the mechanisms of action of the enzyme-like properties of nanoceria are given. It was shown that the coexistence of Ce3+ and Ce4+ ions on the surface is compensated by the formation of oxygen vacancies, which are essentially surface defects. Their number depends on the particle size, morphology and crystallinity of the material. These surface defects are catalytic centers that are capable of exhibiting the enzyme-like properties of nanoceria and effectively absorbing free radicals, which include reactive oxygen species. Physicochemical properties of nanoparticles depend on the synthesis parameters. These include the nature and type of precursor, stabilizing agent and solvent, the duration and temperature of the reaction, and the pH of the reactive mixture. So, microgravity affects morphology, average particle size, crystallinity; an increase in the aging time leads to the synthesis of large particles and crystallites, increases the degree of crystallinity. The synthesis temperature affects the size and structure of crystallites, agglomeration, surface defects and oxidation state. Varying the synthesis parameters and their control during the reaction allows one to obtain particles with desired physicochemical properties. The main methods are analyzed in detail: deposition, hydrothermal, microemulsion, combustion, sol-gel and green. It has been established that, due to its unique properties, nanosized cerium oxide has a wide range of applications. It is used as an abrasive powder for polishing glass and protecting it from corrosion; commercial sunscreens are produced on its basis, biosensors and solid oxide fuel cells are constructed, and catalysts are synthesized. Cerium oxide nanoparticles and materials based on it are widely used in environmental, industrial, bioanalytical and biomedical fields. Recently, the biomedical use of nanosized cerium oxide has been rapidly developing. The non-stoichiometric composition of cerium oxide nanoparticles allows it to effectively neutralize reactive oxygen species while protecting the body from oxidative stress. Nano-CeO2 is used in the treatment of inflammatory, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, it increases the activity of antimicrobials, is an agent for the delivery of therapeutic drugs to cancer cells.
Hoher Maisanteil in der Fruchtfolge fordert heraus : rohfaserreiche Erntereststoffe müssen exakt zerkleinert werden - Strip-Till-Verfahren vereint viele Vorteile (2014)

Spezialisierte Maschinen sind im modernen Ackerbau selbstverstandlich. Ihr Angebot ist mittlerweile auserst vielschichtig. Das Einsatzspektrum richtet sich nach Standort, Fruchtfolge sowie den konkreten Betriebsstrukturen.
New intra prediction methods based on channel correlation and their combination for color image compression (2015)

This paper proposes two new intra prediction methods for color image compression, which exploit the correlation between the base and non-base colors. The first method predicts a pixel in non-base color as a weighted sum of neighboring pixels, where the weights are determined as a function of photometric distances from the pixel to the neighboring ones in the base color. The second exploits the linear relationship between the channels, where the parameters for the model are found from the already reconstructed base color, so that no side information is needed. In the implementation, it is also found that the weighted combination of new predictors gives better coding gain, where one of predictors is chosen based on the RD optimization. The experimental results show that the proposed method provides higher coding gain than the conventional H.264/AVC, up to 1.2dB for luminance and 2.3dB for the chrominance image.
RatCAP: miniaturized head-mounted PET for conscious rodent brain imaging (2004)

Anesthesia is currently required for positron emission tomography (PET) studies of the animal brain in order to eliminate motion artifacts. However, anesthesia profoundly affects the neurological state of the animal, complicating the interpretation of PET data. Furthermore, it precludes the use of PET to study the brain during normal behavior. The rat conscious animal PET tomograph (RatCAP) is designed to eliminate the need for anesthesia in rat brain studies. It is a miniaturized full-ring PET scanner that is attached directly to the head, imaging nearly the entire brain. RatCAP utilizes arrays of 2 mm /spl times/ 2 mm LSO crystals coupled to matching avalanche photodiode arrays, which are in turn read out by full custom integrated circuits. Principal challenges have been addressed considering the physical constraints on size, weight, and heat generation in addition to the usual requirements of small-animal PET, such as high spatial resolution in the presence of parallax error. A partial prototype has been constructed and preliminary measurements and optimization completed. Realistic Monte Carlo simulations have also been carried out to optimize system performance, which is predicted to be competitive with existing microPET systems.
Influence of host and environmental factors on wheezing severity in infants: findings from the PARIS birth cohort (2012)

Whilst risk factors for wheeze before 18 months of age are factors related to infections, indoor air pollution, and being overweight, the severity of wheeze is mainly due to the atopic status of the child. We suggest that atopy should be further considered in the assessment of wheezing severity in infants.
Paper 11: Femoral Anteversion in the Hip: Comparison of Measurement by CT, MRI, and Physical Examination, and Relationship with Intra‐Articular Findings (2012)

While high correlation was found between anteversion angle measurements by CT and MRI, significant discrepancies in the absolute anteversion number implies that they may not be interchangeable. The lack of a high correlation to range of motion suggests that femoral anteversion may represent an incomplete or oversimplified description of the complex rotational anatomy of the hip.
Electron‐Beam Therapy for Mycosis Fungoides (1978)

The lesions of mycosis fungoides are radiosensitive and because extensive areas of the body are usually involved, the treatment of choice is with the electron beam. Since 1971, a fractionation scheme of weekly doses for irradiation of the entire skin surface has been practiced with a 6 MeV linear accelerator that generates 3.5 MeV electrons. One hundred and five patients were treated in this way by delivering 400 rads once weekly for six consecutive weeks. All patitents enjoyed complete disappearance of the skin lesions at once. Of the 62 patients whom we were able to follow-up after electron-beam therapy, for periods ranging from one to nearly seven years (median, two years), the duration of remission was one-half to nearly five and a half years (median, one and one-half years). The treatment was well tolerated and no unusual skin reactions or hematopoietic depression occurred.
ChemInform Abstract: Probing Nucleic Acids with Transition Metal Complexes (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
FisheyeMODNet: Moving Object Detection on Surround-view Cameras for Autonomous Driving (2019)

Moving Object Detection (MOD) is an important task for achieving robust autonomous driving. An autonomous vehicle has to estimate collision risk with other interacting objects in the environment and calculate an optional trajectory. Collision risk is typically higher for moving objects than static ones due to the need to estimate the future states and poses of the objects for decision making. This is particularly important for near-range objects around the vehicle which are typically detected by a fisheye surroundview system that captures a 360± view of the scene. In this work, we propose a CNN architecture for moving object detection using fisheye images that were captured in autonomous driving environment. As motion geometry is highly non-linear and unique for fisheye cameras, we will make an improved version of the current dataset public to encourage further research. To target embedded deployment, we design a lightweight encoder sharing weights across sequential images. The proposed network runs at 15 fps using Jetston Nvidia TX2 embedded GPU at accuracy of 40% IoU and 69.5% mIoU.
Ternary Codes Associated with $O(3,3^r)$ and Power Moments of Kloosterman Sums with Trace Nonzero Square Arguments (2009)

In this paper, we construct two ternary linear codes $C(SO(3,q))$ and $C(O(3,q))$, respectively associated with the orthogonal groups $SO(3,q)$ and $O(3,q)$. Here $q$ is a power of three. Then we obtain two recursive formulas for the power moments of Kloosterman sums with $``$trace nonzero square arguments" in terms of the frequencies of weights in the codes. This is done via Pless power moment identity and by utilizing the explicit expressions of Gauss sums for the orthogonal groups.
Spatiotemporally Consistent HDR Indoor Lighting Estimation (2023)

We propose a physically-motivated deep learning framework to solve a general version of the challenging indoor lighting estimation problem. Given a single LDR image with a depth map, our method predicts spatially consistent lighting at any given image position. Particularly, when the input is an LDR video sequence, our framework not only progressively refines the lighting prediction as it sees more regions, but also preserves temporal consistency by keeping the refinement smooth. Our framework reconstructs a spherical Gaussian lighting volume (SGLV) through a tailored 3D encoder-decoder, which enables spatially consistent lighting prediction through volume ray tracing, a hybrid blending network for detailed environment maps, an in-network Monte-Carlo rendering layer to enhance photorealism for virtual object insertion, and recurrent neural networks (RNN) to achieve temporally consistent lighting prediction with a video sequence as the input. For training, we significantly enhance the OpenRooms public dataset of photorealistic synthetic indoor scenes with around 360K HDR environment maps of much higher resolution and 38K video sequences, rendered with GPU-based path tracing. Experiments show that our framework achieves lighting prediction with higher quality compared to state-of-the-art single-image or video-based methods, leading to photorealistic AR applications such as object insertion.
Potent Cytotoxicity of Novel L-Shaped Ortho-Quinone Analogs through Inducing Apoptosis (2019)

Twenty-seven L-shaped ortho-quinone analogs were designed and synthesized using a one pot double-radical synthetic strategy followed by removing methyl at C-3 of the furan ring and introducing a diverse side chain at C-2 of the furan ring. The synthetic derivatives were investigated for their cytotoxicity activities against human leukemia cells K562, prostate cancer cells PC3, and melanoma cells WM9. Compounds <b>TB1</b>, <b>TB3</b>, <b>TB4</b>, <b>TB6</b>, <b>TC1</b>, <b>TC3</b>, <b>TC5</b>, <b>TC9</b>, <b>TC11</b>, <b>TC12</b>, <b>TC14</b>, <b>TC15</b>, <b>TC16</b>, and <b>TC17</b> exhibited a better broad-spectrum cytotoxicity on three cancer cells. <b>TB7</b> and <b>TC7</b> selectively displayed potent inhibitory activities on leukemia cells K562 and prostate cancer cells PC3, respectively. Further studies indicated that <b>TB3</b>, <b>TC1</b>, <b>TC3</b>, <b>TC7</b>, and <b>TC17</b> could significantly induce the apoptosis of PC3 cells. <b>TC1</b> and <b>TC17</b> significantly induced apoptosis of K562 cells. <b>TC1</b>, <b>TC11</b>, and <b>TC14</b> induced significant apoptosis of WM9 cells. The structure-activity relationships evaluation showed that removing methyl at C-3 of the furan ring and introducing diverse side chains at C-2 of the furan ring is an effective strategy for improving the anticancer activity of L-shaped ortho-quinone analogs.
Reaction of Aliphatic Ketones with α-Cyano-α, β-unsaturated Acid Derivatives (1967)

Abstract The reaction of several aliphatic ketones with α-cyano-α, β-unsaturated acid derivatives has been studied. Ethylidenecyanoacetic acid reacted with a large excess of acetone in an autoclave at 150–160°C to give 3-methyl-5-oxohexanonitrile, which was considered to be produced by the decarboxylation of the Michael-type adduct of acetone onto the acid. Similar adducts were obtained by the reaction of the acid with methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, and ethyl laevulinate. The reaction of ketones with ethyl ethylidenecyanoacetate did not afford Knövenagel-type condensates, but Michael-type adducts in appreciable yields, for example, ethyl 2-cyano-3,4-dimethyl-5-oxohexanoate from methyl ethyl ketone. Diethyl ethylidenemalonate also gave Michael-type adducts. These results seem to suggest that the γ-methyl group of ethylidenecyanoacetic acid or its ester is not active enough to give Knövenagel-type condensates with aliphatic ketones, and that, therefore, the Knövenagel-type reaction is preceded by the Michael-type addition reaction of ketones onto the activated carbon-carbon double bond.
Membrane Surface Engineering with Bifunctional Zwitterions for Efficient Oil–Water Separation (2019)

Chemical modification provides a solution to the membrane fouling problem in oily water purification. However, complicated synthesis processes and harsh reaction conditions are frequently encountered with this approach. Here we developed two bifunctional zwitterionic materials, i.e., <i>n</i>-aminoethyl piperazine propanesulfonate (P-SO<sub>3</sub>-NH<sub>2</sub>) and 1,4-bis (3-aminopropyl) piperazine propanesulfonate (P-2SO<sub>3</sub>-2NH<sub>2</sub>), by a clean method and grafted them onto membrane surface via a fast single-step reaction. These materials endow the resultant membrane a more hydrophilic and smoother surface, significantly improving the water permeability, fouling resistance and recyclability of membrane in forward osmosis oily water reclamation. The water fluxes produced by the P-2SO<sub>3</sub>-2NH<sub>2</sub> modified membrane are 47% (from 20.0 to 29.3 LMH) and 60% (from 16.0 to 25.6 LMH) higher than those of the unmodified membrane when DI water and an oily emulsion (1500 ppm) as the respective feeds. A higher water flux recovery is also achieved for the P-2SO<sub>3</sub>-2NH<sub>2</sub> modified membrane (94%) than that of the nascent membrane (82%) after a 12-h experiment. These promising findings coupled with a facile and efficient membrane modification approach provide inspiration for both membrane exploration and oily water treatment.