gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Homologous Regions of the α Subunit of Eukaryotic Translational Initiation Factor 2 (eIF2α) and the Vaccinia Virus K3L Gene Product Interact with the Same Domain within the dsRNA‐Activated Protein Kinase (PKR) (1997)

The vaccinia virus K3L gene product, pK3, binds to the dsRNA-activated protein kinase, PKR, reducing its ability to interact with and phosphorylate eIF2alpha. On the basis of this characteristic and the homology of pK3 to the N-terminus of eIF2alpha, several laboratories have utilized pK3 to investigate the molecular determinants that specify substrate recognition by PKR. The data presented here demonstrate that the natural substrate, eIF2alpha, also binds to PKR in vitro and interacts with the same or an overlapping domain within PKR. A truncated form of eIF2alpha, representing the N-terminal 123 amino acids and containing the regions of homology to pK3, retains the ability to bind PKR. pK3, eIF2alpha, and the truncated form of eIF2alpha all bind to the C-terminus of PKR containing the catalytic domain, but not to the regulatory N-terminus. Variants of pK3 and eIF2alpha, des-(75-78)-K3L (pK3deltaGYID), and des-(80-83)-eIF2alpha (eIF2alphadeltaGYID), from which the conserved amino acids GYID have been deleted, exhibit a decreased ability to interact with PKR. Similarly, the in vitro binding of pK3, eIF2alpha, and the truncated form of eIF2alpha to PKR can be competed with purified pK3 but not with pK3deltaGYID. In addition, the deletion of GYID from eIF2alpha significantly reduces its ability to be phosphorylated by PKR, demonstrating that PKR recognizes its substrate, at least in part through interaction with sequences remote from the phosphorylation site. In summary, we have shown that the region within PKR that interacts with the pseudosubstrate, pK3, is the same region that interacts with the authentic substrate, eIF2alpha. In addition, we have shown that the N-terminal 123 amino acids of eIF2alpha contains structural elements necessary for recognition by PKR. The results pinpoint the GYID motif, shared between pK3 and eIF2alpha and distant from the phosphorylation site, as being important for the interaction of eIF2alpha with PKR, as well as its phosphorylation.
Ceramide targets xIAP and cIAP1 to sensitize metastatic colon and breast cancer cells to apoptosis induction to suppress tumor progression (2014)

We have identified xIAP and cIAP1 as molecular targets of ceramide and determined that ceramide analog LCL85 is an effective sensitizer in overcoming resistance of human cell lines established from metastatic colon and breast cancers to apoptosis induction to suppress metastasis in vivo.
Simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature: error analysis (1997)

Many optical fiber sensors designed to recover quasi-static strain fields in the presence of significant temperature changes have been reported in recent years. A general theoretical analysis of the influ- ence of systematic errors associated with the measurement process is presented and applied to a range of techniques that are of current inter- est in the literature. The performances of measurement methods based on Bragg grating sensors, polarization-maintaining Fabry-Perot interfer- ometers, combined dual-mode interference/polarimetry sensors, and dis- persive Fourier transform spectroscopy measurements are contrasted with respect to the influence of measurement error, calibration error, cross talk, and engineering practicality. © 1997 Society of Photo-Optical Instru- mentation Engineers.
Comparative genomics and disorder prediction identify biologically relevant SH3 protein interactions (2005)

Protein interaction networks are an important part of the post-genomic effort to integrate a part-list view of the cell into system-level understanding. Using a set of 11 yeast genomes we show that combining comparative genomics and secondary structure information greatly increases consensus-based prediction of SH3 targets. Benchmarking of our method against positive and negative standards gave 83% accuracy with 26% coverage. The concept of an optimal divergence time for effective comparative genomics studies was analyzed, demonstrating that genomes of species that diverged very recently from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. mikatae, S. bayanus, and S. paradoxus), or a long time ago (Neurospora crassa and Schizosaccharomyces pombe), contain less information for accurate prediction of SH3 targets than species within the optimal divergence time proposed. We also show here that intrinsically disordered SH3 domain targets are more probable sites of interaction than equivalent sites within ordered regions. Our findings highlight several novel S. cerevisiae SH3 protein interactions, the value of selection of optimal divergence times in comparative genomics studies, and the importance of intrinsic disorder for protein interactions. Based on our results we propose novel roles for the S. cerevisiae proteins Abp1p in endocytosis and Hse1p in endosome protein sorting.
Association between Intraoperative Blood Transfusion and Mortality and Morbidity in Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery (2011)

Intraoperative blood transfusion is associated with a higher risk of mortality and morbidity in surgical patients with severe anemia. It is unknown whether this association is due to the adverse effects of blood transfusion or is, instead, the result of increased blood loss in the patients receiving blood.
Protective/reparative cytokines are suppressed at high injury severity in human trauma (2021)

These findings suggest that severe injury is associated with a suppression of a subset of cytokines known to be involved in tissue protection and regeneration (IL-9, IL-22 and IL-17E/25) and lymphocyte differentiation (IL-21 and IL-23), which in turn correlates with adverse clinical outcomes. Thus, patterns of proinflammatory versus protective/reparative mediators diverge with increasing ISS.
Functional bracing (2011)

♦ Inexpensive ♦ Avoids complications of internal fixation ♦ Allows mobilization of joints ♦ Weight bearing and movement as tolerated, guided by pain.
Occurrence of N-Phenylpropenoyl-L-amino Acid Amides in Different Herbal Drugs and their Influence on Human Keratinocytes, on Human Liver Cells and on Adhesion of Helicobacter pylori to the Human Stomach (2007)

Thirty commonly used medicinal plants were screened by a selective and specific LC-MS/MS method for the occurrence of N-phenylpropenoyl- L-amino acid amides, a new homologous class of secondary products. In 15 plants, one or more of the respective derivatives (1 to 12) were found and quantitated. Especially roots from Angelica archangelica, fruits of Cassia angustifolia, C. senna, Coriandrum sativum, leaves from Hedera helix, flowers from Lavandula spec. and from Sambucus nigra contained high amounts (1 to 11 microg/g) of mixtures of the different amides 1 to 12. For functional investigations on potential activity in cellular physiology, two amides with an aliphatic (8) and an aromatic amino acid residue (5) were used. N-(E)-Caffeic acid L-aspartic acid amide (8) and N-(E)-caffeic acid L-tryptophan amide (5) stimulated mitochondrial activity as well as the proliferation rate of human liver cells (HepG2) at 10 microg/mL significantly. When monitoring the influence of selected phase I and II metabolizing enzymes, both compounds did not influence CYP3A4 gene expression, but stimulated CYP1A2 gene expression and inhibited GST expression. Also, the proliferation of human keratinocytes (NHK) was increased up to 150% by both amides 5 and 8; this stimulation was also detectable on the level of gene expression by an up-regulation of the transcription factor STAT6. The aliphatic aspartic compound 8 showed strong antiadhesive properties on the adhesion of Helicobacter pylori to human stomach tissue.
Heat Transfer Enhancement at Vapor Condensation from a Vapor-Air Mixtures on Vertical Tubes (1999)

Heat transfer enhancement of water and gasoline vapors condensing from a vapor-air mixtures on vertical tubes was investigated. These tubes had transverse annular grooves on the outside surface and diaphragms on its inside surface. An up to 1.9-fold increase of heat transfer in water vapor condensation and an up to 1.7-fold increase at condensing of gasoline vapors with an air content up 6% were obtained. The obtained heat transfer enhancement by turbulators compared with the heat transfer decrease due to the presence of air amounting to 6%. The ratio of heat transfer coefficients on tubes with grooves and those on smooth tubes increases as the rolling groove depth increases and the rolling pitch decreases.
A highly attenuating and frequency tailorable annular hole phononic crystal for surface acoustic waves (2017)

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices are widely used for signal processing, sensing and increasingly for lab-on-a-chip applications. Phononic crystals can control the propagation of SAW, analogous to photonic crystals, enabling components such as waveguides and cavities. Here we present an approach for the realisation of robust, tailorable SAW phononic crystals, based on annular holes patterned in a SAW substrate. Using simulations and experiments, we show that this geometry supports local resonances which create highly attenuating phononic bandgaps at frequencies with negligible coupling of SAWs into other modes, even for relatively shallow features. The enormous bandgap attenuation is up to an order-of-magnitude larger than that achieved with a pillar phononic crystal of the same size, enabling effective phononic crystals to be made up of smaller numbers of elements. This work transforms the ability to exploit phononic crystals for developing novel SAW device concepts, mirroring contemporary progress in photonic crystals.The control and manipulation of propagating sound waves on a surface has applications in on-chip signal processing and sensing. Here, Ash et al. deviate from standard designs and fabricate frequency tailorable phononic crystals with an order-of-magnitude increase in attenuation.
Steroid-Induced Iatrogenic Glaucoma (2011)

Steroids in susceptible individuals can cause a clinical condition similar to primary open-angle glaucoma. Five percent of the population are high steroid responders and develop an intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation of more than 15 mm Hg above baseline. IOP elevation may occur as early as 1 day to as late as 12 weeks after intravitreal triamcinolone in 20-65% of patients. On average, 75% of eyes with steroid implants require IOP-lowering therapy at some point within 3 years of follow-up. The exact mechanism of steroid-induced glaucoma is not totally understood, but decreased trabecular meshwork outflow is regarded as the main cause of IOP elevation. High-risk patients who receive steroids should be monitored closely and if they develop elevated IOP, steroids with lower potency or steroid-sparing agents should be used. The IOP usually returns to normal within 2-4 weeks after stopping the steroid. About 1-5% of patients do not respond to medical therapy and need surgery. Trabeculectomy, trabeculotomy, shunt surgery, and cyclodestructive procedures are among the methods employed. Removal of residual sub-Tenon or intravitreal steroids may help hasten the resolution of the steroid response. Early results with anecortave acetate, an analog of cortisol acetate with antiangiogenic activity, in controlling IOP have been promising.
Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion vs. Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study (2022)

Patients undergoing OLIF with LSS improved similarly to MIS-TLIF patients. OLIF restored disc height, foraminal height and lumbar lordotic angle more successfully than did MIS-TLIF.
Efficacy and safety of fast‐acting insulin aspart in comparison with insulin aspart in type 1 diabetes (onset 1): A 52‐week, randomized, treat‐to‐target, phase III trial (2018)

At 52 weeks, overall glycaemic control had significantly improved with faster aspart vs IAsp, consistent with the 26-week study findings. Achieving an insulin profile closer to physiological insulin secretion with faster aspart translates into lower PPG and HbA1c levels compared with those achieved with IAsp in people with T1D.
The effect of the plasticizer di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate on the survival of stored RBCs (1988)

Recent in vitro studies have shown that di-2-ethylhexyl-phthalate (DEHP) inhibits the deterioration of RBCs during refrigerated storage in containers that use this compound as a plasticizer. The experiments described in this report were designed to assess whether this in vitro protective effect of DEHP would result in a prolonged in vivo survival of RBCs infused into normal human recipients. Whole blood collected from ten normal donors was stored for 35 days in citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine (CPDA-1) anticoagulant contained in polyvinylchloride (PVC) bags plasticized with DEHP or a trimellitate compound that is known to have low leachability. Aliquots of RBCs from each container were then labeled with chromium-51 and were reinfused into the original donors. For blood stored in DEHP-plasticized PVC bags, 24% more red cells survived in vivo 24 hours after reinfusion than was observed when the blood had been stored in trimellitate-plasticized bags (P less than .001). Whole blood stored in glass bottles showed a similar improvement in in vivo survival when DEHP was added in weekly increments to mimic the accumulation of this plasticizer seen during storage in plastic containers. Survival of packed red cells stored in the presence of DEHP increased by 14% compared with storage in trimellitate-plasticized bags (P less than .05). In agreement with previous studies, hemolysis and microvesicle formation were also reduced in the presence of DEHP. These results suggest that proposed new storage systems lacking DEHP should be carefully evaluated to determine whether adequate post-transfusion survival of RBCs may be achieved.
Expression of fibroblast activation protein in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma and its clinicopathological significance (2012)

FAP is highly expressed in carcinoma cells and fibroblasts in PDAC tissues, and its expression is associated with desmoplasia and worse prognosis.
Incidence of an Electromagnetic Wave on a "Čerenkov Electron Gas" (1956)

An electron gas moving in vacuum, if sufficiently dense, acts like a mirror to an incident electromagnetic wave. A "\ifmmode \check{C}\else \v{C}\fi{}erenkov electron gas," that is, an electron gas moving through or sufficiently close to a slow-wave medium at a velocity exceeding that of an electromagnetic wave in the medium, cannot, in the conventional sense, reflect the wave. A detailed analysis of this problem is presented, and it is shown that above a critical density a \ifmmode \check{C}\else \v{C}\fi{}erenkov electron gas does exhibit a "mirror-like" quality; namely, it does reverse, inside the gas, the direction of propagation of an electromagnetic wave incident upon it.
A theorem on probabilistic constant depth Computations (1984)

Article Free Access Share on A theorem on probabilistic constant depth Computations Authors: Miklos Ajtai View Profile , Michael Ben-Or View Profile Authors Info & Claims STOC '84: Proceedings of the sixteenth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computingDecember 1984 Pages 471–474https://doi.org/10.1145/800057.808715Online:01 December 1984Publication History 55citation507DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations55Total Downloads507Last 12 Months22Last 6 weeks4 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Acid Sensitivity of the Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin (1973)

Influenza virus hemagglutinin was shown to be acid resistant if precipitates which form during acidification are first removed. Adsorption of virus to precipitates formed during acidification may cause a virus to be described incorrectly as acid sensitive.
ПРОФИЛАКТИКА РАДИАЦИОННОГО КАНЦЕРОГЕНЕЗА У КРЫС С ПОМОЩЬЮ ПРОИЗВОДНОГО ОКСИПИРИДИНОВ – ГЛУТАПИРОНА (2015)

In experiments on rats (290 animals ) exposed to chronic γ -radiation in the total dose of 10.0 Gy it was detected that prescription of synthetic pharmaceutical of the dihydropyridine class-glutapyrone-together with drinking water during 6 months reduced the rate of malignant neoplasms from 26,5% in the control group to 13% in the treated animals. In radiation-exposed rats that received glutapyrone there was a narrowing of spectrum of the emerged neoplasms (connectively-tissual tumors only) as compared to the animals of the radiated control group, where blastomas of epithelium and lymphoid origin were also revealed. Low toxicity of glutapyrone and its anticarcinogenic action show the possibility of practical application of preparation for prevention radiation carcinogenesis.
NYNEX introduces directory for libraries (1993)

Gradient polymer elution chromatography (GPEC) is rapidly becoming the analytical method of choice for determining the chemical composition distribution (CCD) of synthetic polymers. GPEC can be performed in traditional (strict precipitation-redissolution mechanism) or interactive (normal- and reversed-phase) modes, and results may be qualitative, semi-quantitative, or fully quantitative. Quantitative approaches have thus far relied on colligative or end group techniques for determining the values of standards used in constructing the GPEC calibration curve. While the values obtained from said methods are number-averages, they are assigned to the peak apexes of the standards (i.e. assigned as peak averages). This creates a determinate error in the quantitation, referred to herein as "moment bias". In this paper we determine moment bias for a series of styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) copolymers, where the distribution and averages of the AN% have been measured using normal-phase (NP) GPEC. We also correct for the effect via statistical treatment of the chromatographic data.
Improving Process Yield in Succinic Acid Production by Cell Recycling of Recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum (2016)

Aerobically cultivated cells of Corynebacterium glutamicum produce mixed organic acids, including succinic acid (SA), from glucose when the cells are transferred to oxygen-deprived conditions. Genetic modification, including inactivation of lactate dehydrogenase and overexpression of pyruvate carboxylase, allows this microbe to be an efficient SA producer under the conditions of oxygen deprivation. High productivity and high titers can be achieved in the production process by using the genetically engineered strain of C. glutamicum under the given conditions. However, glucose consumption for cell preparation decreases process yield (defined as the quantity of SA produced divided by the total quantity of glucose used in cell preparation and SA production). In this study, we investigated cell recycle fed-batch fermentation for SA production to improve the process yield by reducing the effect of glucose consumption for cell preparation on the process yield. A genetically stable and markerless strain, harboring nine genomic copies of the pyruvate carboxylase gene, was newly constructed and used for cell recycle fermentation. During 26 reaction cycles, only 0.7% decrease in specific productivity per reaction was observed. Overall, the process yield was improved by 79% compared to that in a single fed-batch reaction without cell recycling.
Identification and Synthesis of an Oxidation Product of Tilmicosin (1998)

During formulation development of the veterinary macrolide antibiotic tilmicosin, an oxidation product of the parent molecule was identified. Use of liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy characterized the structure as 12,13-epoxytilmicosin, resulting from the oxidation of the double bond at the 12,13-position of the macrolide dienone. The synthesis of this oxidation product for confirmation of structural identity is described. The synthetic compound was identical to the isolated oxidation product, 12,13-epoxytilmicosin. Keywords: Tilmicosin; epoxytilmicosin; macrolide; oxidation; synthesis; liquid chromatography/ion spray mass spectrometry
Interfacial Debonding Behavior of Mullite/SiC Continuous Fiber Composite (1995)

Mullite/SiC continuous fiber composites were fabricated by hot‐pressing under different processing conditions. The interfacial shear strength was measured during the pull‐out test, and the effect of fabrication conditions on interfacial debonding behavior was discussed. The debonding length during the pull‐out test was quantitatively evaluated using acoustic emission. The interfacial shear strength was evaluated by stress analysis. The control of interfacial shear strength was achieved by controlling the hot‐press temperature. An increase of load was found during the pull‐out process after complete debonding. In order to explain the increased load, a new model is presented.
Reprogramming of Adult Human Fibroblasts to Dopaminergic Neurons (2018)

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterised by progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra and accumulation of pathological a-synuclein. Previous work has shown that it is possible to generate DA neurons from fetal tissue and embryonic stem cells and, when transplanted into animal models of PD, these cells can integrate and provide improvement in motor symptoms. However, in order to translate these into clinical therapies there are a number of logistical and ethical concerns with using cells derived from embryonic sources. With new reprogramming technologies, we can now generate DA neurons from somatic cell sources, which also allows for the possibility to use patient specific cells or matched donors. The main purpose of this project is to develop robust protocols for the generation of DA neurons from adult human fibroblasts, from both healthy individuals and PD patients. We will reprogram cells directly into induced neurons (iNs) and also via a pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) intermediate and investigate if there are any differences in gene expression, morphology or phenotype between the DA neurons generated from healthy and PD donors. The results will provide a more robust protocol for the generation of reprogrammed DA neurons from adult donors and will help to pave the way for future research assessing their potential for brain repair and disease modelling.
Avascular Necrosis of the Talus: A Pictorial Essay (2005)

The talus is predisposed to avascular necrosis (AVN), or bone death due to ischemia, owing to its unique structure, characteristic extraosseous arterial sources, and variable intraosseous blood supply. Both traumatic and atraumatic causes have been implicated in talar AVN. The risk of posttraumatic AVN can be predicted using the Hawkins classification system. In addition, the "Hawkins sign" can be used as a radiographic marker that excludes the development of AVN. At radiography, talar AVN typically manifests as an increase in talar dome opacity (sclerosis), followed by deformity and, in severe cases, articular collapse and bone fragmentation. At any stage of this sequence, the radiographic findings can vary depending on differences in the vascular status of the talus and the degree of bone repair. Magnetic resonance imaging is the most sensitive technique for detecting talar AVN and can be used when AVN is strongly suspected clinically despite normal radiographic findings. Computed tomography (CT) also demonstrates typical patterns and can be used to confirm radiographic findings. Coronal CT is required for viewing the articular surface of the talar dome to rule out subtle depression, collapse, and fragmentation. Nevertheless, radiography remains the mainstay of the diagnosis and temporal observation of talar AVN.