gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A framelet-based iterative maximum-likelihood reconstruction algorithm for spectral CT (2016)

Standard computed tomography (CT) cannot reproduce spectral information of an object. Hardware solutions include dual-energy CT which scans the object twice in different x-ray energy levels, and energy-discriminative detectors which can separate lower and higher energy levels from a single x-ray scan. In this paper, we propose a software solution and give an iterative algorithm that reconstructs an image with spectral information from just one scan with a standard energy-integrating detector. The spectral information obtained can be used to produce color CT images, spectral curves of the attenuation coefficient <i>μ</i>(<i>r</i>, <i>E</i>)at points inside the object, and photoelectric images, which are all valuable imaging tools in cancerous diagnosis. Our software solution requires no change on hardware of a CT machine. With the Shepp-Logan phantom, we have found that although the photoelectric and Compton components were not perfectly reconstructed, their composite effect was very accurately reconstructed as compared to the ground truth and the dual-energy CT counterpart. This means that our proposed method has an intrinsic benefit in beam hardening correction and metal artifact reduction. The algorithm is based on a nonlinear polychromatic acquisition model for x-ray CT. The key technique is a sparse representation of iterations in a framelet system. Convergence of the algorithm is studied. This is believed to be the first application of framelet imaging tools to a nonlinear inverse problem.
How Radical Should Surgery Be for Early Esophageal Cancer? (2011)

Limited resection leads to lower lymph node yield but similar oncologic effectiveness as the extensive surgery. It may represent a valuable alternative in the treatment of patients with early (submucosal) esophageal carcinoma.
Construindo um ídolo: Narrativas sobre Neymar antes da Copa de 2014 (2016)

¿Cómo un jugador se convierte en un ídolo en el universo del fútbol? Tomando esta pregunta como una orientación, este artículo tiene como objetivo investigar cómo se contruyeran las narrativas de la vida de jugador de fútbol Neymar en el período previo a la Copa del Mundo de 2014 en Brasil. Para ello hacemos una distinción entre las categorías ídolo y héroe. De acuerdo con esta línea de razonamiento, se entiende que los relatos periodísticos acerca de los atletas se centran a menudo en características que transforman los ídolos en héroes, un fenómeno que podría explicarse por el aspecto agonístico de la lucha, que impregna el universo del deporte. Además, el artículo cuestiona si las narraciones alrededor de Neymar tenderían a destacar los atributos que nos llevaría a alguna noción de &amp;quot;brasilidad&amp;quot;, que estaría anclada principalmente en la idea de la &amp;quot;alegría&amp;quot; y de que el talento no necesitaría del entrenamiento, del trabajo duro.
Unifying Model for the Electrokinetic and Phase Behavior of Aqueous Suspensions Containing Short and Long Amphiphiles (2011)

Aqueous suspensions containing oppositely charged colloidal particles and amphiphilic molecules can form fluid dispersions, foams, and percolating gel networks, depending on the initial concentration of amphiphiles. While models have been proposed to explain the electrokinetic and flotation behavior of particles in the presence of long amphiphilic molecules, the effect of amphiphiles with less than six carbons in the hydrocarbon tail on the electrokinetic, rheological, and foaming behavior of aqueous suspensions remains unclear. Unlike conventional long amphiphiles (≥10 carbons), short amphiphiles do not exhibit increased adsorption on the particle surface when the number of carbons in the molecule tail is increased. On the basis of classical electrical double layer theory and the formerly proposed hemimicelle concept, we put forward a new predictive model that reconciles the adsorption and electrokinetic behavior of colloidal particles in the presence of long and short amphiphiles. By introducing in the classical Gouy-Chapman theory an energy term associated with hydrophobic interactions between the amphiphile hydrocarbon tails, we show that amphiphilic electrolytes lead to a stronger compression of the diffuse part of the electrical double layer in comparison to hydrophilic electrolytes. Scaling relationships derived from this model provide a quantitative description of the rich phase behavior of the investigated suspensions, correctly accounting for the effect of the alkyl chain length of short and long amphiphiles on the electrokinetics of such colloidal systems. The proposed model contributes to our understanding of the stabilization mechanisms of particle-stabilized foams and emulsions and might provide new insights into the physicochemical processes involved in mineral flotation.
Physiology of Folate and Vitamin B12in Health and Disease (2004)

Folate is a water-soluble B-vitamin and enzymatic cofactor that is necessary for the synthesis of purine and thymidine nucleotides and for the synthesis of methionine from homocysteine. Impairment of folate-mediated one-carbon metabolic pathways can result from B-vitamin deficiencies and/or single nucleotide polymorphisms, and increases risk for pathologies, including cancer and cardiovascular disease, and developmental anomalies including neural tube defects. Although several well validated metabolic and genomic biomarkers for folate deficiency exist, our understanding of the biochemical and genetic mechanisms whereby impaired folate metabolism increases risk for developmental anomalies and disease is limited, as are the mechanisms whereby elevated folate intake protects against these pathologies. Therefore, current initiatives to increase folate intakes in human populations to ameliorate developmental anomalies and prevent disease, while effective, lack predictive value with respect to unintended adverse outcomes.
Copolymerization of acrylamide with cationic monomers in solution and inverse‐microsuspension (1989)

Abstract The free radical copolymerization of acrylamide with three of the most commonly used cationic comonomers diallyldimethylammonium chloride, dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate, and dimethylaminoethylacrylate, the latter two quaternized with methyl chloride, was investigated. The polymerizations were carried out with azocyanovaleric acid and potassium persulfate over the temperature range 45–60°C. The copolymer reactivity ratios were determined with the error‐in‐variables method using residual monomer concentrations, measured by a Nalco HPLC method. This combination of estimation procedure and analytical technique has been found to be superior to any methods used previously for the estimation of reactivity ratios for cationic‐acrylamide copolymers.
FIELD TESTING OF A CONCRETE BOX CULVERT (1989)

Field instrumentation and testing of a functional cast-in-place reinforced concrete culvert in Sarpy County, Nebraska, are described in this paper. The culvert is a double-cell box on a 35 deg skew. Each cell's inside dimensions are 12 ft by 12 ft. Permanent soil fill height is 8.5 ft. Construction began in November 1987 and ended in April 1988. Measurements of soil pressures, strains, deflections, and settlements were recorded both during and after construction. The soil pressures observed to date resulting from soil and truck loading are reported, and comparisons of measurements, theory, and AASHTO specifications are provided.
New method for accurate prediction of CO2 in the Smart Home (2016)

This article describes new method for accurate prediction of CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> in the Smart Home calculated from the temperature and relative humidity in application of the decision tree regression method. The measured data are loaded from the individual BACnet technology sensors by means of the Desigo Insight visualization tool. The individual BACnet technology components are used to control the heating, cooling and ventilation in Smart Home. The measured temperature (T) and humidity (rH) values are then used as input parameters for prediction of CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> content in the air of selected rooms in the Smart Home by application of decision tree regression. As described in the article, the method can determine the CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> content with the accuracy of 46.25 ppm. The obtained information can be used for monitoring the residents' life activities, optimizing the technical service system for reduction of the building's operating costs or automation of its responses to changes of the environment or the residents' activities.
Dynamic management of outsourced service processes&#x2019; QoS in a service provider - service supplier environment (2008)

IT service providers typically must comply with service level agreements that are part of their usage contracts with customers. Not only IT infrastructure is subject to service level guarantees such as availability or response time but also service management processes as defined by the IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL) such as change and incident processes and the fulfillment of service requests. SLAs relating to service management processes typically address metrics such as initial response time and fulfillment time. Large service providers have the choice of which internal service delivery team or external service provider they assign to parts of a service process, each provider having different costs or prices associated with it for different turn-around times at different risk. This choice in QoS and cost of different service providers can be used to manage the trade-off between penalty costs and fulfillment cost. This paper proposes a model as a basis for service provider choice at process runtime, taking into account the progress of a process so far and the availability of service capacity at service suppliers. This model can be used to reduce total service costs of IT service providers deciding on alternative delivery teams and external service providers when needed and based on current process performance.
Flight Control of a Biological Robot via Neurocybernetics Interface (2010)

Controllable insects themselves could be employed as micro and nano air vehicles (MAVs/NAVs). The locomotion in ground and flight of the insect could be controlled using one of several approaches including direct electrical muscle stimulation, electrical stimulation of neurons, projection of pheromone, and stimulation of insect sensory cells. In this study we used direct electrical muscle stimulation, electrical stimulation of neurons of beetles. To achieve further understanding of mechanisms underlying bioelectric interface, the anatomy of basalar muscle and nerve of Allomyrina dichotoma is demonstrated, and the dissections are given for preparation of the muscle and brain stimulations. Additionally, the detail of structures of optic lobe and brain were examined by using the scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique. The controlling and monitoring Allomyrina dichotoma flight by inserting directly wire electrodes into muscle and optic lobe. We characterized the response potential and times during tethered flight and investigate beetle behavioral physiology. Our approach could be a good candidate for developing an insect cyborg as fly machine.
Heterostructured Layer Growth of Polyaniline by Vacuum Thermal Evaporation and Fabrication of Thin-Film Capacitors (2019)

Thin films of conducting polymers find applications in many emerging areas, such as packaging, sensing, coating, thin-film capacitors, organic integrated circuits, organic thin wires, and electroluminescent devices. The success of thin-film-based devices relies on precisely controlled thickness (∼100 nm) and surface characteristics. Tailored-made properties can be harnessed by preparing thin films by multiple coatings (namely, layer-by-layer deposition), which results in heterogeneity within the film required for special applications. In spite of excellent electrical conductivity of Polyaniline (PANI), the fabrication of thin-film-based devices is restricted because of its brittleness. Herein, we report the preparation of bilayer thin films of PANI along with the individual thin films of PANI-emeraldine salt (ES) and PANI-emeraldine base (EB) using the vacuum thermal evaporation method. Detailed structural and morphological analysis shows the formation of well-organized PANI thin films with a roughness of ≈ 10 nm and the thickness ranging from 50 to 100 nm. PANI-ES shows the highest electrical, dielectric, and electrostatic charge properties, which is attributed to the crystalline structure as revealed by X-ray diffraction analysis. All the thin films show semiconducting behavior as revealed by the band gap analysis (1.7–2.2 eV). The optical constants of the bilayer film measured from spectroscopic ellipsometry show a marginal deviation from the individual films, which is attributed to the interfacial interaction between the layers of PANI-ES and PANI-EB. Thin-film capacitors based on PANI-ES show the highest current and energy density compared to those based on PANI-EB and bilayer films.
Polymerizable Skin Hydrogel for Full Thickness Wound Healing (2022)

The skin is the largest organ in the human body, comprising the main barrier against the environment. When the skin loses its integrity, it is critical to replace it to prevent water loss and the proliferation of opportunistic infections. For more than 40 years, tissue-engineered skin grafts have been based on the in vitro culture of keratinocytes over different scaffolds, requiring between 3 to 4 weeks of tissue culture before being used clinically. In this study, we describe the development of a polymerizable skin hydrogel consisting of keratinocytes and fibroblast entrapped within a fibrin scaffold. We histologically characterized the construct and evaluated its use on an in vivo wound healing model of skin damage. Our results indicate that the proposed methodology can be used to effectively regenerate skin wounds, avoiding the secondary in vitro culture steps and thus, shortening the time needed until transplantation in comparison with other bilayer skin models. This is achievable due to the instant polymerization of the keratinocytes and fibroblast combination that allows a direct application on the wound. We suggest that the polymerizable skin hydrogel is an inexpensive, easy and rapid treatment that could be transferred into clinical practice in order to improve the treatment of skin wounds.
Applications for CO 2 ‐Activated Carbon Monoliths: II . EDLC Electrodes (2015)

The use of high‐density carbon monoliths ( CM ) for preparing supercapacitor electrodes is analyzed. The starting CM s, produced by ATMI Co, were treated as follows: (1) under a N 2 flow at 1073 K to modify the carbon surface chemistry and (2) activated with CO 2 at the same temperature, using different activation times, to increase their porosity. Electrochemical measurements were performed on disks of 1–2 mm thickness which are suitable for direct use in practical devices. Two‐ and three‐electrode cells were used with 2 M H 2 SO 4 solution as electrolyte. The contents of surface oxygen groups were measured by temperature‐programmed desorption ( TPD ) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy ( XPS ). The porosity of the starting monolith is increased by physical activation with CO 2 , the BET surface area increasing from 957 to 1684 m 2 /g. Upon heat treatments, both, the high density (1.2 g/cm 3 ), as well as the high amount of surface oxygen groups (2411 μmol CO/g) of the starting monolith are reduced; however, the densities of the treated monoliths remain higher than values reported for other porous carbon monoliths. The performance of the CM s as supercapacitor electrodes show as follows: (1) high specific and exceptionally high volumetric capacitances (up to 292 F/g and 342 F/cm 3 , respectively) due to their appropriate structure, porosity, and density, (2) a long and stable cyclability, (3) a decrease of power density with disk thickness, and (4) a decrease of pseudocapacitance with activation time.
Noisy-context surprisal as a human sentence processing cost model (2017)

We use the noisy-channel theory of human sentence comprehension to develop an incremental processing cost model that unifies and extends key features of expectation-based and memory-based models. In this model, which we call noisy-context surprisal, the processing cost of a word is the surprisal of the word given a noisy representation of the preceding context. We show that this model accounts for an outstanding puzzle in sentence comprehension, language-dependent structural forgetting effects Additionally, we show that this model derives and generalizes locality effects We give corpusbased evidence for a key assumption in this derivation.
The Czech National Water Quality Database On-line (2005)

The Czech Hydrometeorological Institute is a national agency responsible for water monitoring in the Czech Republic. The operation of the monitoring networks, data collection and their primary processing and storage in databases comprise basic activities of the hydrological service. Historically, the engagement of CHMI in water quality monitoring started in 1963, and was gradually developed into a state monitoring network of presently about 260 surface water and 460 groundwater sampling sites.
Crystallization and dissolution of strontium sulfate in aqueous solution (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystallization and dissolution of strontium sulfate in aqueous solutionJames Reid Campbell and G. H. NancollasCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1969, 73, 6, 1735–1740Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100726a017https://doi.org/10.1021/j100726a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views416Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
An unscanned, mass-analyzed ion implantation system for flat-panel displays (2003)

Ion implanters for flat panel display implantation have hitherto been characterized by un-analyzed beams and uncontrolled beam uniformity. We present data on the MDI-100, the first high-current ion implanter for flat panel display which utilizes a mass-analyzed dc ribbon beam spanning panels of up to 620 mm in the smaller dimension. The system is capable of up to 20 mA of pure P/sup +/ or 10 mA of pure B/sup +/, and the energy range is from 10 to 100 KeV. Uniformity is directly measured and automatically controlled. A beam profile is always available to quantify the uniformity of the implant. The dopant dose is controlled with a precision of <1%. High throughput is possible at high doses, and good uniformity is maintained down to very low doses such as threshold adjust applications, etc.
Marked increase in nitric oxide synthase mRNA in rat dorsal root ganglia after peripheral axotomy: in situ hybridization and functional studies. (1992)

Using in situ hybridization, we studied nitric oxide (NO) synthase (EC 1.14.23.-) mRNA in lumbar dorsal root ganglia after peripheral transection of the sciatic nerve in rats. The effect of the NO synthase inhibitor N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester on the nociceptive flexor reflex was also studied in axotomized rats. Nerve section induced a dramatic increase in number of NO synthase mRNA-positive cells in the ipsilateral dorsal root ganglia. In some of these cells the peptides galanin and/or vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and/or neuropeptide Y were also strongly up-regulated. Intravenous administration of nitro-L-arginine methyl ester blocked spinal hyperexcitability at much lower dosages in axotomized than in normal animals. The results suggest involvement of NO in the function of lumbar sensory neurons, especially after axotomy, perhaps preferentially at peripheral sites.
Reductions in the incidence of falls after first and second eye cataract surgery (2019)

Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology (ARVO); CANADA, Vancouver; 2019-04-28 - 2019-05-02
Performance analysis of bidirectional hybrid WDM/SCM‐PON link based on reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (2006)

Abstract The effect of noise on the transmission performance of an RSOA‐utilized bidirectional hybrid WDM/SCM‐PON link is experimentally analyzed. The link used in experiment allows 33‐km bidirectional transmission with 622‐Mbps NRZ signal for downstream and 20‐Mbps SCM signal at 1.5‐GHz RF carrier for upstream. In the link, the RSOA is used as a remodulator in optical network unit (ONU), which plays an important role in the overall noise characteristic of the link. Experimental results show that by properly controlling the gain of the RSOA, the effect of backreflection and backscattering noise can be reduced. Experimental results also suggest that both the uplink and the downlink signals should be modulated to reduce the effect of noise. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 2301–2309, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21896
OPCML Gene Promoter Methylation and Gene Expression in Tumor and Stroma Cells of Invasive Cervical Carcinoma (2008)

To investigate the CpG island methylation and the mRNA expression of OPCML gene in patients with cervical carcinoma, we collected tumor and stroma cells from 36 invasive cervical carcinoma samples and 16 normal cervical tissues as well as Hela cells. Methylation specific PCR was used to detect promoter CpG island methylation status, and fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR was used to detection of OPCML gene expression. Our data showed that OPCML gene promoter methylation may play an important role in the carcinogenesis of cervical carcinoma and OPCML gene may be a cervical carcinoma-associated candidate TSG (tumor suppressor gene).