gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
International collaborative survey on epidemiology of hepatitis E virus in 11 countries. (2006)

We conducted seroepidemiological studies on antibody prevalence to hepatitis E virus (HEV) in 5,233 sera from 11 countries to ascertain the present state of HEV infection on a global basis. The prevalence of anti-HEV IgG increased with age in these tested countries, but the rate of antibody positivity was over 20% in the 16-30 year-old group in most of the participating countries, except for Japan, the USA, and Spain. Of patients with acute hepatitis of unknown etiology from Nepal, 56% (14/25) were positive for the IgM class of anti-HEV antibody. In addition, HEV RNAs in the serum from 3 Nepali patients who had the IgM antibody were detected by nested PCR and all of the HEV genes isolated belonged to genotype 1. Our results indicate that HEV is spreading worldwide, not only in developing countries, but also in more industrialized countries than previously thought.
Vacuum arc remelting: an overview. [U-6% Nb] (1985)

Vacuum arc remelting (VAR) is a casting process for producing uniform ingots. This paper discusses: arc physics and behavior, metal transfer and electrode gap measurement, boundary conditions on crucible wall, and pool dynamics and macrosegregation. Materials discussed are Inconel 718 and U-6% Nb alloy. 47 refs., 20 figs. (DLC)
Problems in the reconciliation of measurements of process flow rates (1986)

Total mass flow data from a phenol plant are used as a basis for determining whether the process is operating in the steady state and for estimating the variance Structure of the measurements. With the estimated variances, the data are reconciled so as to minimize the weighted sum of squares of the adjustments.
Production of transglutaminase byStreptomycesisolates in solid-state fermentation (2008)

Owing to much reduced production cost and direct applicability, SSF TGase without downstream processing (cheap in situ enzyme, crude enzyme) may be an excellent candidate for some nonfood applications.
TiCl3-Enhanced NaAlH4:  Impact of Excess Al and Development of the Al1-yTiy Phase during Cycling (2006)

NaAlH(4) with TiCl(3) and Al were mixed by ball-milling and cycled three times. The hydrogen storage properties were monitored during cycling, and the products were characterized by synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Because of the previously described formation of Al(1)(-)(y)Ti(y) with y approximately 0.15 during cycling that traps Al beyond the amount associated with the formation of NaCl, some Na(3)AlH(6) has no free Al to react with to form NaAlH(4). This was counteracted in the present work by adding a stoichiometric amount of Al that increases the theoretical storage capacity. Due to limitations in metal diffusion small amounts of Na(3)AlH(6) were still detected. When approximately 7 mol % more Al than the stoichiometric amount was added, the observed storage capacity increased significantly, and the Na(3)AlH(6) content was negligible after prolonged rehydrogenation. Cycled NaAlH(4) + 10 mol % TiCl(3) were desorbed to two different levels, and the diffraction patterns were compared. There is no change in unit-cell dimensions during desorption, and there is no sign of changes in the bulk composition of the Al(1)(-)(y)Ti(y) phase during a cycle. Adding pure Ti to a NaH + Al mixture by ball-milling in argon or hydrogen results in formation of TiH(2) that is stable during at least one cycle.
Performance of regenerative/conventional satellite systems (1984)

Abstract A great many papers have been devoted in the last few years to the advantages of regenerative communications satellite systems when compared to conventional ones. This paper attempts to summarize the most significant results which are scattered in the literature, and to provide a tutorial overview of this comparison. Linear and non‐linear satellite channel performances, with and without interference, are discussed. The major impacts on system design provided by on‐board regeneration are also presented.
The haemodynamic response to submaximal exercise during isovolaemic haemodialysis (2004)

The haemodynamic response to exercise during haemodialysis is comparable with that in normal individuals. The rapid reduction in RBV on exercise occurs in spite of a significant increase in CO, mainly as a consequence of fluid shifts from the microvasculature to the interstitium.
The Validity of the Equation P = Tdv/dT in Thermo-Electricity (1918)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Retinoic Acid Increases the Sensitivity of the Rat Embryo Fibroblast Transformation Assay (1988)

The rat embryo fibroblast focus assay is used to evaluate the transforming potential of several oncogenes. The sensitivity of this assay increased fivefold when retinoic acid was added to tissue culture media. Retinoic acid probably acts by selectively inhibiting the proliferation of nontransformed cells.
Simultaneous multithreading: a platform for next-generation processors (1997)

Simultaneous multithreading is a processor design which consumes both thread-level and instruction-level parallelism. In SMT processors, thread-level parallelism can come from either multithreaded, parallel programs or individual, independent programs in a multiprogramming workload. Instruction-level parallelism comes from each single program or thread. Because it successfully (and simultaneously) exploits both types of parallelism, SMT processors use resources more efficiently, and both instruction throughput and speedups are greater.
Electromagnetic surface waves on ultrashort pulse laser-generated plasma channels (2001)

Using analytical and numerical techniques, the properties of electromagnetic surface waves on conducting plasma channels produced by ultrashort pulse lasers have been studied. Using a homogeneous slab approximation to model the conducting plasma channel, we solve for the surface wave dispersion and wave damping for both the symmetric and antisymmetric wave mode cases for both a thick and thin slab. For the dense plasma case, i.e., for wave frequencies less than the electron collision frequency, it is found that surface wave damping attenuation length can be large, on the order of the laser plasma channel propagation distance, for atmospheric pressure conditions for both the thick and thin slab approximation. In addition, it is shown that large amplitude surface waves can modify the plasma channel conductivity through nonlinear effects.
About Nonuniqueness of Combustion Modes in the Heterogeneous Systems (1997)

The multiple chemical reaction paths taking place in the combustion wave of the ternary heterogeneous systems (Ti-N2-02 and Nb-B-02), were experimentally studied. The Time-Resolved X-Ray Diffraction method was used for in-situ investigation of the mechanisms of phase formation during combustion in these systems. It was shown, that variation of the ignition temperature may lead to the significant changes of combustion temperature and velocity. It was experimentally confirmed that, this effect of nonuniqueness of the combustion parameters is a result of change in the chemical reaction path occurring in the combustion front. Analysis of the obtained data showed that this changing of reaction path may be a result of either thermodynamic or kinetic considerations depending on the investigated system.
Analytical Redundancy Techniques for Fault Detection in an Active Heavy Vehicle Suspension (2004)

This paper describes the design and implementation of an intelligent fault monitoring system for a prototype heavy vehicle active suspension system. A controller architecture has been designed, to facilitate safe start up and shutdown of the active control. This paper develops a method for monitoring the complete system, by dividing it into submodels which are more straightforward to analyse. The aim is to define a practical method for detecting faults, taking into account the nonlinearities in the real vehicle.
XCII. The reflexion of X-rays from imperfect crystals (1922)

Mr. C. G. Dar~vin on the Reflexion ofproblem led to a formula for the intensity of reflexion.The experimental arrangements to which the calculations were adapted were those in vogue at that time--that is, with crystal fixed during each observation.This was the arrangemen~ used in the experiments of H. G. J. Moseley with the present writer*, and it was to them that the theoretical calculations were applied.In the course of those experiments a single, but a fairly good, measure was made of the absolute intensity of the reflexion of "white X-rays" and also the curve of reflexion against angle was found.By means of a quadratm'e it was therefore possible to measure the effect of a single atom, and the result was of the right order for the number of electrons anticipated.Yet it was apparent that the theory was defective, for it was calculated that the diffraction pattern of the reflexion could at most be a few seconds across, and that even if all the available radiation in this breadth were reflected the total would still be far short of the observed amount.2~ow, if the reflexion was perfect over any region, it could not be legitimate to treat of the atoms as all scattering independently.In D. it.therefore the mutual influence of the successive planes was included.It was found that over a breadth of a few seconds the reflexion was perfect, and that in this region the ordinary absorption of the rays by the crystal was swamped by a tkr more powerful special extincflea.These principles led to a modified reflexion formula~ but one which could explain the magnitude of the reflexion no better than the old.A way was found out of the difficulty by supposing the crystal to be a conglomerate of small blocks of perfect crystal all orientated approximately in the same direction, for such a conglomerate would reflect the radiation at many of its blocks~ internal as weli as external, and this would much increase the total amount reflected.No attempt was made to treat the problem at all fully, but a general line of argument suggested that the effect would be approximately to reinstate the formula of D.i. without the objections that had before attached to it.All the calculations of these papers were based on experiments in which the crystal was fixed.A. H. Compton t carried out a somewhat similar process quite independently, but based it on the experimental arrangement which has, in fact, proved more convenient in the study of monochromatic
A MULTI-FOIL(R) insulation system for a solar bimodal power and propulsion system: design, fabrication and testing (2002)

Preliminary results of the thermal testing of the insulation package for Integrated Solar Upper Stage (ISUS) program is presented and compared to design predictions. This subscale system of the Receiver Absorber Converter (RAC) was named RACCET and was tested with electrical and solar heating at the solar test facility at Edwards Air Force Base, CA. The thermal tests showed that the heat losses were much higher then predicted. At 2500 K the measured losses were 6160 W versus the predicted 2500 W. The mechanisms for this difference are examined. These results are then used to modify the design of the shielding and thereby reduce the heat losses for the insulation package for the Engine Ground Demonstration (EGD) version of the RAC.
Disease-specific variant pathogenicity prediction significantly improves variant interpretation in inherited cardiac conditions (2020)

A disease-specific variant classifier outperforms state-of-the-art genome-wide tools for rare missense variants in inherited cardiac conditions ( https://www.cardiodb.org/cardioboost/ ), highlighting broad opportunities for improved pathogenicity prediction through disease specificity.
Evaluation of serum miR-191-5p, miR-24-3p, miR-128-3p, and miR-376c-3 in multiple sclerosis patients (2018)

This study highlighted the connection of circulating miRNAs to MS. miR-24-3p and miR-128-3p showed a tendency of association with disability accumulation and disease activity, respectively. Further studies should evaluate their suitability for clinical use.
Type 10 Soluble Adenylyl Cyclase Is Overexpressed in Prostate Carcinoma and Controls Proliferation of Prostate Cancer Cells (2012)

cAMP signaling plays an essential role in modulating the proliferation of different cell types, including cancer cells. Until now, the regulation of this pathway was restricted to the transmembrane class of adenylyl cyclases. In this study, significant overexpression of soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC), an alternative source of cAMP, was found in human prostate carcinoma, and therefore, the contribution of this cyclase was investigated in the prostate carcinoma cell lines LNCaP and PC3. Suppression of sAC activity by treatment with the sAC-specific inhibitor KH7 or by sAC-specific knockdown mediated by siRNA or shRNA transfection prevented the proliferation of prostate carcinoma cells, led to lactate dehydrogenase release, and induced apoptosis. Cell cycle analysis revealed a significant rise in the G(2) phase population 12 h after sAC inhibition, which was accompanied by the down-regulation of cyclin B(1) and CDK1. sAC-dependent regulation of proliferation involves the EPAC/Rap1/B-Raf signaling pathway. In contrast, protein kinase A does not play a role. In conclusion, this study suggests a novel sAC-dependent signaling pathway that controls the proliferation of prostate carcinoma cells.
WhACKY! - What anyone could know about you from Twitter (2012)

Twitter is a popular micro-blogging website which allows users to post 140-character limit messages called tweets. We demonstrate a cheap and elegant solution - WhACKY! - to harness the multi-source information from tweets to link Twitter profiles across other external services. In particular, we exploit activity feed sharing patterns to map Twitter profiles to their corresponding external service accounts using publicly available APIs. We illustrate a proof-of-concept by mapping 69,496 Twitter profiles to at least one of the five popular external services : Flickr (photo-sharing service), Foursquare (location-based service), YouTube (video-sharing service), Facebook (a popular social network) and LastFM (music-sharing service). We evaluate our solution against a commercial social identity mapping service - FlipTop - and demonstrate the efficiency of our approach. WhACKY! guarantees that the mapped profiles are 100% true-positive and helps quantify the unintended leakage of Personally Identifiable Information (PII) attributes. During the process, WhACKY! is also able to detect duplicate Twitter profiles connected to multiple external services.We also develop a web application based on WhACKY!1 for perusal by Twitterers which can help them better understand unintended leakage of their PII.
A Comparative IRMPD and DFT Study of Fe3+ and UO22+ Complexation with N-Methylacetohydroxamic Acid (2018)

Iron(III) and uranyl complexes of N-methylacetohydroxamic acid (NMAH) have been investigated by mass spectrometry, infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A comparison between IRMPD and theoretical IR spectra enabled one to probe the structures for some selected complexes detected in the gas phase. The results show that coordination of Fe<sup>3+</sup> and UO<sub>2</sub><sup>2+</sup> by hydroxamic acid is of a very similar nature. Natural bond orbital analysis suggests that bonding in uranyl complexes possesses a slightly stronger ionic character than that in iron complexes. Collision-induced dissociation (CID), IRMPD, and <sup>18</sup>O-labeling experiments unambiguously revealed a rare example of the U═O bond activation concomitant with the elimination of a water molecule from the gaseous [UO<sub>2</sub>(NMA)(NMAH)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>+</sup> complex. The U═O bond activation is observed only for complexes with one monodentate NMAH molecule forming a hydrogen bond toward one "yl" oxygen atom, as was found by DFT calculations. This reactivity might explain oxygen exchange observed for uranyl complexes.
Single-sided Marchenko focusing of compressional and shear waves (2014)

In time-reversal acoustics, waves recorded at the boundary of a strongly scattering medium are sent back into the medium to focus at the original source position. This requires that the medium can be accessed from all sides. We discuss a focusing method for media that can be accessed from one side only. We show how complex focusing functions, emitted from the top surface into the medium, cause independent foci for compressional and shear waves. The focused fields are isotropic and act as independent virtual sources for these wave types inside the medium. We foresee important applications in nondestructive testing of construction materials and seismological monitoring of processes inside the Earth.
Enantioconvergent Synthesis of (−)-(2R,5S)-1-Allyl-2,5-dimethylpiperazine, an Intermediate to δ-Opioid Receptor Ligands (2003)

A convenient, high-yield enantioconvergent synthesis of (-)-1-allyl-(2S,5R)-dimethylpiperazine from trans-2,5-dimethylpiperazine has been developed. This compound is an important intermediate in the synthesis of delta-opioid receptor ligands. The process allows for the laboratory preparation of 100 g quantities of this enantiomerically pure diamine without chromatography. The key steps in the sequence were an efficient optical resolution using relatively inexpensive resolving agents, followed by interconversion of the unwanted (+)-enantiomer into the desired (-)-enantiomer.
Male Reproductive Health: A village based study of camp attenders in rural India (2004)

BACKGROUND: A paucity of information about male reproductive health and a perceived interest in involvement among local men provided the impetus for carrying out a village based male reproductive health camp. The aim was to investigate men's willingness to participate in such camps, and to describe reproductive health problems in men. METHODS: Structured interviews were carried out with 120 men attending a reproductive health check-up in a village in rural West Bengal, India. General information, details of family planning methods used and data on reproductive health complaints were collected. Clinical examinations were also carried out. Socio-demographic characteristics were compared for men with and without reproductive health and urinary complaints. RESULTS: Three quarters of the married men were using contraception, but the majority stated that their wives were responsible for it. The most common reproductive health complaint was urinary problems; 28% had burning on urination, and 22% reported frequent and/or difficult urination. There were few social or demographic differences between men with and without problems. Seventeen percent of the men had clinically diagnosed reproductive health problems, the most common being urethral discharge. None of the men with diagnosed problems were using condoms. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the interest of men in their reproductive health, but also highlights the high proportion of men with problems. In addition, a number of men with clinically diagnosed problems had not reported them in the interviews, illustrating either the reticence to report or the lack of knowledge about symptoms of reproductive health problems. Recommendations for future programmes and research in this field are given.
Analysis of amplification in a fiber ring resonator with a fabry‐perot cavity (2018)

Abstract The placement of an Erbium‐doped Fiber Amplifier and a Fabry‐Perot cavity inside a fiber ring resonator can generate a sinusoidal modulation in the optical signal obtained. The characterization of this behavior is achieved by changing the length of the Fabry‐Perot cavity, which acts as a sensing device. A theoretical model of the optical signal modulation obtained with such configuration is also presented.
Barry S. Levy, Victor W. Sidel (editor). War and Public Health. (2008)

Barry S. Levy, , Victor W. Sidel. (editor). War and Public Health. Oxford university press, 2008, 486 pp.

Eleven years after the first edition of War and Public Health , the world has changed significantly. Since then the numbers of wars, refugees and battle related deaths have steadily decreased. At the same time the numbers of internally displaced persons has increased and poverty-related disease and suffering continue as brutal consequences of wars in mainly low-income countries. Even if many things are better in the world today, this new edition of War and Public Health will remain relevant for many years to come. Most of it's 28 new chapters are written by new authors. …
Enzymatic Blood Glucose Determination by Colorimetry of N,N-Diethylaniline-4-Aminoantipyrine (1974)

Abstract The hydrogen peroxide produced from glucose by glucose oxidase action at pH 7 is determined by the peroxidase oxidative coupling of N,N-diethylaniline with 4-amino-antipyrine. A 20-µl sample of plasma or serum is reacted at room temperature for 10 min. The sensitivity of the method is such that 60 µg of glucose (300 mg/dl) in a final volume of 5 ml gives an absorbance of 0.8 at 553 nm with a 1-cm cell. Absorbances are linearly related to glucose concentrations as high as 10.00 g/liter.
Threshold triggers and accelerator for deep submicron interconnection (2003)

In this work, the high-threshold capacitor coupling trigger (HCCT) and the low-threshold capacitor coupling trigger (LCCT) circuits are presented An interconnection speed-up circuit called the capacitor coupling accelerator (CCA) is also proposed. Using the CCA, the delay of a 10,000 /spl mu/m wire in a 0.18 /spl mu/m process is 43% reduced The CCA is operated without dc power consumption. Moreover it can be applied to the transmission of bi-directional signals.