gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proteolytic Cleavage of thePlasmodium falciparumCircumsporozoite Protein Is a Target of Protective Antibodies (2015)

Studies in animals and human volunteers demonstrate that antibodies against the repeat-region of the Plasmodium circumsporozoite protein (CSP) abrogate sporozoite infection. However, the realization that the N- and C- terminal regions flanking the repeats play essential roles in parasite infectivity raised the possibility that they could be targeted by protective antibodies. We characterized a monoclonal antibody (mAb5D5) specific for the N-terminus of the P. falciparum CSP, which inhibits the proteolytic cleavage of the CSP, a key requirement for parasite infection of hepatocytes. Adoptive transfer of mAb5D5 strongly inhibits the in vivo infection of sporozoites expressing the N-terminus of P. falciparum CSP, and this protection is greatly enhanced when combined with antirepeat antibodies. Our results show that antibodies interfering with molecular processes required for parasite infectivity can exert a strong in vivo protective activity and indicate that pre-erythrocytic vaccines against Plasmodium should include the CSP N-terminal region.
Microelectronics (1970)

The word 'microelectronics' rolls off the tongue and is obviously preferable to, for example, sic (silicon integrated circuits). However, it gives the misleading impression that small size is the basic idea behind the whole technology.
Effect of eucalyptus bark contamination during pulping of mixed southern hardwoods (2016)

The use of eucalyptus as a partial replacement for mixed southern hardwoods can result in significant amounts of eucalyptus bark being incorporated into the chips going to the digester. When eucalyptus is first harvested, the bark peels off in large sheets, which will pass through chippers designed for southern hardwood. After being cut for more than about 4–6 weeks, the bark tightens onto the bole of the tree and again passes through chippers not designed for eucalyptus. As a result, significant quantities of eucalyptus bark could go to the digester. This study describes the effect of pulping eucalyptus bark in the laboratory. A series of control studies were performed on eucalyptus and mixed southern hardwood bark. The results show that incorporating bark into the cook results in increased kappa number, decreased pulp yield, and increased alkali consumption. If the percentage of applied active alkali is increased to counteract the increased alkali consumption, increased hexenuronic acid is generated
Network of flexible capacitive strain gauges for the reconstruction of surface strain (2015)

Monitoring of surface strain on mesosurfaces is a difficult task, often impeded by the lack of scalability of conventional sensing systems. A solution is to deploy large networks of flexible strain gauges, a type of large area electronics. The authors have recently proposed a soft elastomeric capacitor (SEC) as an economical skin-type solution for large-scale deployment onto mesosurfaces. The sensing principle is based on a measurable change in the sensor's capacitance upon strain. In this paper, we study the performance of the sensor at reconstructing surface strain map and deflection shapes. A particular feature of the sensor is that it measures surface strain additively, because it is not utilized within a Wheatstone bridge configuration. An algorithm is proposed to decompose the additive in-plane strain measurements from the SEC into principal components. The algorithm consists of assuming a polynomial shape function, and deriving the strain based on Kirchhoff plate theory. A least-squares estimator (LSE) is used to minimize the error between the assumed model and the SEC signals after the enforcement of boundary conditions. Numerical simulations are conducted on a symmetric rectangular cantilever thin plate under symmetric and asymmetric static loads to demonstrate the accuracy and real-time applicability of the algorithm. The performance of the algorithm is further examined on an asymmetric cantilever laminated thin plate constituted with orthotropic materials mimicking a wind turbine blade, and subjected to a non-stationary wind load. Results from simulations show good performance of the algorithm at reconstructing the surface strain maps for both in-plane principal strain components, and that it can be applied in real time. However, its performance can be improved by strengthening assumptions on boundary conditions. The algorithm exhibits robustness in performance with respect to load and noise in signals, except when most of the sensors' signals are close to zero due to over-fitting form the LSE.
INTRODUCTION (2007)

This introductory chapter discusses why the scientific field encompassing friction, lubrication, adhesion, and wear is called tribology, and recent scientific advances that are now enabling us to understand the rich interactions going on between the atoms and molecules at contacting surfaces. This chapter also outlines the history of tribological science and tribology's impact on technology, the economy, and everyday life. Success stories from MEMS, disk drives, automotive, and nanoimprinting industries are used to illustrate how nanoscale tribological science (often referred to as nanotribology) is helping to develop important new technologies.
Maine EPSCoR Annual Report 2018-2019 (2019)

Amidst challenges associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, National Science Foundation (NSF) EPSCoR-funded research and activities across the state have proven themselves to be resilient. Over the past year, Maine EPSCoR (Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research) has had the great pleasure of participating in and supporting some of the state’s most innovative research. These efforts have made important social, economic, and educational impacts on the state of Maine. The achievements and discoveries highlighted in this annual report only graze the surface of what has been accomplished, and of what is surely yet to come.\nMaine EPSCoR’s current Track-1 grant, Molecule to Ecosystem: Environmental DNA as a Nexus of Coastal Ecosystem Sustainability for Maine (or Maine-eDNA) has completed important first steps in establishing protocols and baseline data while conducting initial sampling and analysis in summer and fall 2020. While COVID-19 has brought extensive challenges to many programs and projects supported by NSF EPSCoR, Maine-eDNA and several other EPSCoR grants throughout the state have showcased their ingenuity.
Die Bibliothek von Herculaneum. Vortrag gehalten im Verein von Altertumsfreunden im Rheinlande am 24. November 1929 (2017)

[nicht vorhanden / not available]
[Angiogenesis and hematologic malignancy]. (2007)

Angiogenesis plays an important role in the progression of tumors. This relationship has been described in several hematologic malignancies. Vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor are predictors of poor prognosis in leukemia and non Hodgkin's lymphoma. Bone marrow microvessels were found increased in multiple myeloma, but also in lymphoma and in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Microvessel density is correlated with decreased survival in myeloma patients and relapse or resistance to chemotherapy in lymphoma. New drugs with antiangiogenic activity such as bevacizumab (binding and inactivation of VEGF) or VEGF-tyrosine kinase inhibitors have shown promising results in phase 1 trials. It will therefore be a future challenge to integrate anti-angiogenesis agents in currently existing treatment protocols to improve the outcome of therapy.
STAR-RIS-aided Full Duplex Communications with FBL Transmission (2023)

Simultaneous refracting/transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) has emerged as a potential technology for future-generation wireless networks to support extremely high data rates with a broader coverage area. In this work, with an aim to provide a novel analytical framework, we investigate the performance of a STAR-RIS assisted full duplex (FD) wireless communication system under finite block length (FBL) transmission. In particular, we first derive the probability density function and cumulative distribution function of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for the uplink and downlink users. We then analyze the system performance by deriving closed form expressions for their block error rate (BLER) and goodput. Finally, we validate the accuracy of the derived analytical expressions using Monte-Carlo simulations and show that as the number of elements in the STAR-RIS is increased the system performance also improves. Furthermore, we graphically demonstrate the impact of imperfect channel state information and compare the performance of STAR-RIS in mode switching (MS) and energy splitting (ES) protocol.
Fate and State of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Atherosclerosis (2021)

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) have long been associated with phenotypic modulation/plasticity or dedifferentiation. Innovative technologies in cell lineage tracing, single-cell RNA sequencing, and human genomics have been integrated to gain unprecedented insights into the molecular reprogramming of VSMCs to other cell phenotypes in experimental and clinical atherosclerosis. The current thinking is that an apparently small subset of contractile VSMCs undergoes a fate switch to transitional, multipotential cells that can adopt plaque-destabilizing (inflammation, ossification) or plaque-stabilizing (collagen matrix deposition) cell states. Several candidate mediators of such VSMC fate and state changes are coming to light with intriguing implications for understanding coronary artery disease risk and the development of new treatment modalities. Here, we briefly summarize some technical and conceptual advancements derived from 2 publications in <i>Circulation</i> and another in <i>Nature Medicine</i> that, collectively, illuminate new research directions to further explore the role of VSMCs in atherosclerotic disease.
Interactions between two electrified liquid columns pinned on a dielectric solid surface (1995)

As a preliminary to understanding the complicated interactions between two electrified drops, this paper analyzes the simpler but instructive problem of the electrohydrostatic interactions between two parallel, translationally symmetric supported liquid columns. The columns are taken to be electrically conducting, surrounded by an insulating fluid, and pinned at their contact lines on the surface of an insulating solid support. The issue of the shapes and stability of the columns is mathematically a two-dimensional, nonlinear free boundary problem, which is solved here by means of the Galerkin/finite element method. Despite the generality of the formulation of the problem and that of the numerical scheme used to solve it, attention is focused here on situations in which the two columns have the same volume per unit length and their undeformed cross sections correspond to semicircles bounded by a straight line that represents the solid plane on which the columns are pinned. Computational results are reported that show different behaviors of electrified columns obtained by varying the direction in which the external field is applied or connecting/disconnecting the columns from power supplies that maintain them at fixed electric potentials. When the potentials of the columns are held fixed, an externally applied field always tends to pull them apart. For isolated columns, however, an externally applied field within a large range of oblique angles tends to pull the columns together. In the absence of an externally applied field, electrostatic interactions can also arise when the columns bear net electrical charges. Whether the interaction forces are attractive or repulsive then depends on the relative amounts of charge on the columns. An attractive force can result even when the two columns bear net charges of the same sign, provided that the relative difference in the amounts of charge is large enough.
Novel Method to Enhance Sternal Healing After Harvesting Bilateral Internal Thoracic Arteries With Use of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (2000)

The results suggest that use of the bFGF sheet offset the sternal ischemia and accelerated sternal healing. This method may help to decrease sternal necrosis in high-risk patients or allow extended use of BITAs in coronary bypass surgery.
Evaluation of the potential of dogs, cats and rats to spread classical swine fever virus (2001)

DURING recent classical swine fever (CSF) outbreaks in densely populated livestock areas in Europe, large numbers of secondary infections were observed in the vicinity of primary infected herds (Vanthemsche 1995, Koenen and others 1996, Elbers and others 1999, Mintiens and others 2000).In many of these cases none of the 'traditional' transmission routes for CSF, for example, direct animal contact, swill feeding or trans- port contact, was found to be responsible for the virus spread (Terpstra 1988, Koenen and others 1996).In some cases pets and rodents have been suggested as possible virus transmitters (Hughes and Gustafson 1960, Terpstra 1988).However, there are few experiments which examine the possibility of this type of viral transmission (Hughes and Gustafson 1960, Terpstra 1988).Therefore, it remains difficult for policy makers to decide whether pets and rodents present on an infected farm, should be killed together with the pigs on the day of slaughter.
DEVELOPMENT OF A LASER CONFOCAL ENDOMICROSCOPE FOR IN VIVO FLUORESCENCE IMAGING (2007)

Malignancies of the oral cavity are conventionally diagnosed by white light endoscopy, biopsy and histopathology. However, it is often difficult to distinguish between benign lesions and premalignant or early lesions. There is a need for a more definitive, non-invasive technique for diagnosis of oral cavity lesions. A laser confocal endomicroscope offers non-invasive surface and subsurface imaging of tissue. We investigated its potential for fluorescence imaging of the oral cavity using hypericin, fluorescein and aminolevulinic acid. Fluorescence imaging was carried out both in vivo and on resected tissue samples of the oral cavity in both humans and animal models. Good structural images of the oral cavity were obtained. Morphological differences between normal and lesion tissue can be distinguished. The use of Pharmasolve® enhanced the subsurface depth from which images can be obtained. Our results show that laser confocal fluorescence endomicroscopy has great potential for the diagnosis of oral cavity malignancies.
EFFECT OF AVERAGE CHIP THICKNESS AND CUTTING SPEED ON CUTTING FORCES AND SURFACE ROUGHNESS DURING PERIPHERAL UP MILLING OF WOOD FLOUR/POLY VINYL CHLORIDE COMPOSITE (2015)

Wood flour/polyvinyl chloride composite (WFPVCC) is a kind of composite material that, over the years, is becoming more popular in constructions applications. In this work, cutting forces and machi ...
Role of Decidual Luteotropin and Prolactin in the Control of Luteal Cell Receptors for Estradiol1 (1983)

In pseudopregnant rats, the luteotropic effect of estradiol depends on the presence of prolactin or decidual luteotropin. To determine if prolactin and decidual luteotropin regulate the functions of estradiol by maintaining luteal cell availability of estradiol receptors, decidual tissue was induced on Day 5 of pseudopregnancy. Control rats were hysterectomized on the same day. On Day 8, the rats were injected with 0.4 mg of ergocryptine (ECO) to inhibit prolactin secretion. Control rats were administered the vehicle only. On Day 9, in ECO-treated hysterectomized rats, serum progesterone declined from a control value of 50 +/- 7 to 7 +/- 2 ng/ml. In addition, luteal cell content of cytosolic and nuclear estradiol receptors was reduced by 95% and 48%, respectively. However, serum estradiol levels remained unchanged (vehicle treated: 23 +/- 7 pg/ml; ECO treated: 23 +/- 6 pg/ml). Administration of prolactin (250 micrograms/day, Days 7-9) to hysterectomized rats completely reversed the effect of ECO on serum progesterone levels and estradiol receptor content in both luteal compartments and had no effect on serum estradiol levels. In contrast, suppression of prolactin secretion in decidua-bearing rats had no effect on progesterone synthesis (vehicle treated: 54 +/- 6 ng/ml; ECO treated: 66 +/- 5 ng/ml) nor did it significantly decrease cytoplasmic and nuclear estradiol receptor content in luteal cells. These results suggest that 1) the availability of cytoplasmic receptors limits the biological responses of estradiol and 2) the synergistic luteotropic effect of prolactin or decidual luteotropin and estradiol involves the maintenance of luteal cell estradiol receptors by either prolactin or decidual luteotropin.
Lessons Learned Building TeamTrak: An Urban/Outdoor Mobile Testbed (2007)

Much research in mobile networks relies on the use of simulations for evaluation purposes. While a number of powerful simulation tools have been developed for this purpose, only recently has the need for physical implementations of mobile systems and applications been widely accepted in the literature. In recognition of this need, and to further our research objectives in the area of wireless sensor networks and mobile cooperative systems, we have built the TeamTrak mobile testbed, which gives us real-world experience with research concepts as we develop them. Additionally, results from outdoor field tests are used to further enhance the capabilities of the testbed itself.
Increased open circuit voltage in fluorinated benzothiadiazole-based alternating conjugated polymers (2011)

Small band-gap conjugated polymers based on monofluoro- and difluoro-substituted benzothiadiazole were developed. Highly efficient polymer solar cells (PCE as high as 5.40%) could be achieved for devices made from these polymers.
Valvular regurgitation: dynamic MR imaging. (1988)

Cine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is a new technique that combines short repetition times, limited flip angles, gradient refocused echoes, and cardiac gating. This technique has a temporal resolution of up to 32 time frames per cardiac cycle and accentuates signal from flowing blood. Cine MR images of 56 valves in 27 patients were evaluated and compared with either Doppler echocardiograms or cardiac catheterization images. An area of decreased signal that correlated spatially and temporally with regurgitant blood flow was seen in all instances in which valvular incompetence was demonstrated on either Doppler echocardiograms or cardiac catheterization images (20 valves). This abnormality was seen in nine of 36 cases without valvular incompetence. Cine MR imaging may be sensitive to turbulence and thus sensitive to valvular regurgitation.
Enhanced dopamine uptake in the striatum following repeatedrestraint stress (2005)

In mice administered chronic stress--repeated overnight restraint stress for 7 days--there was a prolonged enhancement of dopamine (DA) uptake into synaptosomes. The mRNA for the DA transporter (DAT) was found to be concomitantly increased in the midbrain, as was the binding of the transporter ligand mazindol to DAT in the nucleus accumbens and caudate-putamen. Kinetic analysis showed an increase in Vmax for DA, with little change in Km. No changes in tyrosine hydroxylase activity and tissue DA or 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) content were observed. However, homovanillic acid (HVA) was found to be increased in the striatum of the stressed animals. Enhanced DAT activity attributable to chronic stress was still observed in animals treated with the DA D2 receptor antagonist haloperidol or the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone. Modulation of DAT activity may be a physiological mechanism for regulating the concentration of DA that reaches receptors, following periods of stress.
Workplace partnership and public service provision (2005)

This article considers the extent to which partnership espoused in Best Value is likely to be compatible with the
model of social partnership espoused for employment relations. More specifically, the article seeks to cast light, empirically, on the degree to which Best Value
can support the series of mutually supportive arrangements between these external stakeholders while maintaining positive-sum relationships with their unions and staff. The article proceeds as follows. Initially, the study’s
methodology is detailed. Following this, the findings obtained from a survey are detailed and discussed. Lastly, a concluding section draws out their key analytical implications.
Dopaminergic differentiation of the Nurr1‐expressing immortalized mesencephalic cell line CSM14.1in vitro (2002)

The use of neural stem cells as grafts is a potential treatment for Parkinson's disease, but the potential of stem cells to differentiate into dopaminergic neurones requires investigation. The present study examined the in vitro differentiation of the temperature-sensitive immortalized mesencephalic progenitor cell line CSM14.1 under defined conditions. Cells were derived from the mesencephalic region of a 14-day-old rat embryo, retrovirally immortalized with the Large T antigen and cultured at 33 degrees C in DMEM containing 10% fetal calf serum (FCS). For differentiation, the temperature was elevated at 39 degrees C and FCS was reduced (1%). Using histology, immunocytochemical detection of the stem cell marker Nestin and the neuronal marker MAP5 and, in addition, Western blotting to determine the presence of neurone-specific enolase and the neurone nuclei antigen we demonstrated a differentiation of these cells into neuronal cells accompanied by a decrease in Nestin production. In Western blots, we detected the orphan nuclear receptor Nurr1 in these cells. This was followed by a time-dependent up-regulation of the enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 characteristic of mature dopaminergic neurones. Our in vitro model of dopaminergic cell differentiation corroborates recent in vivo observations in the developing rodent brain.
Features extraction of butt joint for tailored blank laser welding based on three-line stripe laser vision sensor (2017)

In this paper, a measurement method for features extraction of butt joint for tailored blank laser welding based on three-line stripe laser vision sensor is proposed. The measurement system is composed of a laser stripe vision sensor and a control module. A three-line stripe laser, a CMOS camera and a LED lighting unit are used to constitute the laser stripe vision sensor. Laser lines and narrow weld joint are both recorded in the image by vision sensor. And then the image is sent to the control module for evaluating in order to obtain high quality raw images. Additionally, the image processing algorithms for extracting the features of weld joint are discussed depending on the characteristics of laser beam welding of tailored blanks and the algorithm is as follows: firstly, the original image is filtered by Laws texture energy filter; secondly, the edge of joint is extracted by Canny operator; thirdly, the laser stripe is segmented by threshold; lastly, textural feature and laser stripe information are fused for extracting feature points of butt joint. Experiments are well conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Let's learn! (2013)

This work in progress paper describes a proof-of-concept that explores the question: "Can users retain more information by incrementing their reading engagement physiologically?" This may help users to better learn the material even when it is uninteresting. Further, this paper explains how using Brain-Computer Interfaces can be used to measure/capture the engagement levels of a user while he or she is performing a task, in this case reading. Also this explores, how beneficial it may be for reading engagement physiologically to deliver the best reading experience.