gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cranial ulceration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar associated with Tetrahymena sp. (1986)

Cranial ulceration in yearllng Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. was associated with the presence of large numbers of a holotnchous cdiate tentahvely idenhfied as Tetrahymena sp.A pronounced subacute inflammation was seen in association with the invasion of head tlssues.Important pathological finhngs included erosion of the cramum accomparued by osteoclasts, perineuritis of cranial nerves, and w t u a l replacement of the epithelial Lining of the supraoptic canal by parasites.Whether or not the ciliates were the cause of the ulceration, treatment with f o r m a h reduced mortality m remaining fish.
Role of lactoferrin and lactoferrin‐derived peptides in oral and maxillofacial diseases (2018)

The oral cavity harbors different taxonomic groups, the evolutionary coexistence of which develops the oral ecosystem. These resident microorganisms can alter the balance between the physiologic and pathologic conditions that affect the host, both locally and systemically. This highly sophisticated nature of the oral cavity poses a significant therapeutic challenge. Numerous human and animal studies have been conducted to potentiate the efficacy and competence of current treatments of pathologic conditions as well as to develop novel therapeutic modalities. One of these studies is the use of the potent antimicrobial agent lactoferrin (LF), which was originally derived from the host immune system. LF is an 80-kDa glycoprotein that has a free iron sequestration mechanism with evident antimicrobial, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory properties. A wide range of active peptides have been isolated from the N-terminal region of LF, which possess antimicrobial activities. In this review, we discuss the role of LF and LF-derived peptides under a heterogeneous group of oral and maxillofacial conditions, including bacterial, fungal, viral infections; head and neck cancers; xerostomia; and implantology-bone-related manifestations.
A Study on the Use of the Rural Housing Standard Plans (2011)

This research is according to the a future-oriented strategy, low-carbon green growth, and it is a basic research for dissemination of rural housing standard plan. Through the survey of plans use, we look at ways to rural housing standard plan use and then needed to establish measures for this. Looking at the type of used plans, we can find several points. One of them, 19 kinds of rural housing standard plans were used among the 61 total cases. Almost all change the plan, the reasons is different for the condition of the land, such as site conditions, family members, personal preferences, house color or material. A few cases have been constructed as rural housing standard plans, but rural housing standard plans are important data for the rural resident to determine plans, and it has an important role in the rural housing design process. Common features of the many rural houses is concrete structure, two stories, and construction period is two to three months. Land area is to , building area is . Heating system is an oil boiler.
Soft reclosing of fault current limiters in electric ship power systems (2011)

A method for soft-reclosing of fault current limiters (FCLs) is described, which serves to reduce peak currents and stresses on machines when reclosing synchronous generators into an energized power bus and avoid mis-tripping of circuit breakers. This method depends only on local current measurements and is realized by timed closing of parallel switches that are part of the fault current limiter. This soft-reclosing method has been analyzed and verified by simulations. There are reduced currents to avoid the mis-tripping of circuit breakers at interbus cable which splits power sharing network. The voltage and frequency performance are not aggravated by applying the soft-reclosing method.
Cooperation of the Neutral and the Cationic Leaving Group Pathways in Acid-Catalyzed O-Benzylation of TriBOT (2018)

The reaction profile of acid-catalyzed O-benzylation with 2,4,6-tris(benzyloxy)-1,3,5-triazine (TriBOT) was analyzed to study the reaction kinetics. The first-order kinetic constant for the formation of benzyl cation species from N-protonated TriBOT (neutral leaving group pathway) was estimated and compared with that of the model compound for TriBOT. Since rapid consumption of TriBOT in the late stage could not be explained solely by this pathway, cooperation of another reaction mechanism, the cationic leaving group pathway, was proposed to rationalize the rate acceleration.
HO‐1 Induction Attenuates Fructose Mediated Non‐alcoholic Fatty Liver in Hepatocytes and Obese Mice : Involves SIRT1 (2015)

Oxidative stress underlies pathological complication in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a potent endogenous antioxidant gene that plays a key role in decreasing oxidative stress. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1). The aim of this study is to determine whether HO-1 acts through SIRT1 to form a functional module within hepatocytes to attenuate fructose-mediated steatohepatitis and hepatic fibrosis. Effect of fructose, on hepatocyte lipid accumulation and fibrosis in murine hepatocytes and in mice fed a high fructose diet in the presence and absence of CoPP, an inducer of HO-1. Fructose increased heme and decreased HO-1, SIRT1 and pAMPK levels in hepatocytes (p<0.05). Fructose supplementation increased the expression of FAS levels; this increase was negated by CoPP. Concurrent treatment with CoPP and SIRT1 siRNA increased FAS expression suggesting that HO-1 is upstream of SIRT1 and suppression of SIRT1 attenuates the beneficial effects of HO-1. A high fructose diet increased insulin resistance and fibrotic markers in mice (p<0.05). Induction of HO-1 increased SIRT1 levels ameliorated fructose-mediated lipid accumulation and fibrosis in liver (p<0.05 vs. fructose). Taken together, our study demonstrates, that HO-1 induction attenuates fructose-induced hepatic lipid deposition, prevents the development of hepatic fibrosis and abates NAFLD-associated vascular dysfunction. Support NIH Grants HL-55601, HL34300 (N.G.A.)
CHEMICAL STRENGTHENING OF SILICATE GLASSES: DANGEROUS AND BENEFICIAL IMPURITIES (2019)

This chapter discusses the chemical strengthening of silicate glasses. Chemical strengthening is an industrial process used to mechanically reinforce alkali containing glasses. In a typical procedure, sodium or lithium atoms contained in the glass are substituted by potassium ions diffusing from a molten potassium nitrate at temperatures below the strain point of the glass, thus creating a bi-axial residual compressive stress in the material surface which strengthens the component. Several variables like glass composition, molten bath composition, temperature and time can affect the efficiency of the ion-exchange process. An interesting aspect regards the presence of impurities in the bath, introduced with the raw salt or accumulated during the process, rarely considered in the past at least from a scientific or technological point of view as responsible for the resulting chemical, physical and mechanical performance. The problem addressed here is of direct industrial significance since the strengthening is strictly related to the efficiency of the ion-exchange process.
Roadmap for Gain-Bandwidth-Product Enhanced Photodetectors (2020)

Photodetectors are key optoelectronic building blocks performing the essential optical-to-electrical signal conversion, and unlike solar cells, operate at a specific wavelength and at high signal or sensory speeds. Towards achieving high detector performance, device physics, however, places a fundamental limit of the achievable detector sensitivity, such as responsivity and gain, when simultaneously aimed to increasing the detectors temporal response, speed, known as the gain-bandwidth product (GBP). While detectors GBP has been increasing in recent years, the average GBP is still relatively modest (~10^6-10^7 Hz-A/W). Here we discuss photodetector performance limits and opportunities based on arguments from scaling length theory relating photocarrier channel length, mobility, electrical resistance with optical waveguide mode constrains. We show that short-channel detectors are synergistic with slot-waveguide approaches, and when combined, offer a high-degree of detector design synergy especially for the class of nanometer-thin materials. Indeed, we find that two dimensional material-based detectors are not limited by their low mobility and can, in principle, allow for 100 GHz fast response rates. However, contact resistance is still a challenge for such thin materials, a research topic that is still not addressed yet. An interim solution is to utilize heterojunction approaches for functionality separation. Nonetheless, atomistically- and nanometer-thin materials used in such next-generation scaling length theory based detectors also demand high material quality and monolithic integration strategies into photonic circuits including foundry-near processes. As it stands, this letter aims to guide the community if achieving the next generation photodetectors aiming for a performance target of GBP = 10^12 Hz-A/W.
New Soluble Polyimides Containing the Hydroxylic Group. II: Polymers Substituted with Disperse Red 1 (2004)

A series of aromatic polyimides synthesized from various diamidedianhydrides and 2,4-diamino-phenol dihydrochloride were substituted with 4-[N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyI)Iamino-4'-nitro-azobenzene (Disperse Red 1) via the Mitsunobu reaction. The content of the chromophore in the polyimides has been detenrnined by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The influence of the polyimide structure on the ability for the introduction of the chromophore into the polymers was investigated. Different conditions of the Mitsunobu reaction have enabled the synthesis of polyimides with various contents of DR 1. The induction of optical anisotropy in films of the photochromic polymers was studied by irradiating with the linearly polarized light of an Ar+ laser (488 nm). A dichroism up to 0.2 was induced depending on the content of the push-pull substituted azobenzene side group in these polyimides.
Sensitive detection of clonal antigen receptor gene rearrangements for the diagnosis and monitoring of lymphoid neoplasms by a polymerase chain reaction-mediated ribonuclease protection assay (1991)

This report describes a novel assay involving the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and RNase protection for the rapid and sensitive detection of malignant lymphoid cells by nucleotide sequences within their individual rearranged gamma T-cell receptor (TCRG) genes. In this assay, clonal rearrangements are amplified from the DNA of diagnostic tumor specimens using a consensus V segment primer and a consensus J segment primer to which the promoter for T7 RNA polymerase has been appended. The PCR product from this amplification is transcribed into a radiolabeled RNA probe. Test RNA transcribed from the opposite DNA strand is synthesized by similar methods from TCRG genes of a subsequent biopsy specimen. The test RNA is hybridized with the probe, and mismatched nucleotide sequences in the RNA hybrids are digested by RNase A. Detection of fully protected probe by means of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography indicates the presence of malignant cells in the test specimen. Dilution experiments with DNA of cell lines from acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALLs) show that detection of one tumor cell among 10(5) normal bone marrow cells is usually possible. Residual disease was also successfully detected in several cases of ALL during clinical remission, including detection in one case at the 10(-5) level. The procedure described here may provide a simplified and rapid method for the sensitive diagnosis and monitoring of lymphoid malignancies. This procedure should be applicable to most antigen receptor genes, and unlike most comparable methods, requires neither analysis of nucleotide sequence nor synthesis of tumor-specific oligonucleotide probes or primers.
Overlapping expression of immunohistochemical markers and synaptophysin mRNA in pheochromocytomas and adrenocortical carcinomas. Implications for the differential diagnosis of adrenal gland tumors. (1995)

Poly Sia of the neural cell adhesion molecule is consistently detected in normal adrenal medullary cells as well as in PCCs, and is occasionally focally expressed in ACCs. CrgA, CK, and D11 are reliable markers to immunohistochemically distinguish ACC from PCC. Immunoreactivity for SYN and detection of its mRNA in the majority of ACCs indicates the existence of tumor cells sharing both cortical and medullary features. Such focal neuroendocrine differentiation in ACCs can lead to confusion with PCCs.
Contribution of DNA Replication to the FAM111A-Mediated Simian Virus 40 Host Range Phenotype (2018)

Host range (HR) mutants of simian virus 40 (SV40) containing mutations in the C terminus of large T antigen fail to replicate efficiently or form plaques in restrictive cell types. HR mutant viruses exhibit impairments at several stages of the viral life cycle, including early and late gene and protein expression, DNA replication, and virion assembly, although the underlying mechanism for these defects is unknown. Host protein FAM111A, whose depletion rescues early and late gene expression and plaque formation for SV40 HR viruses, has been shown to play a role in cellular DNA replication. SV40 viral DNA replication occurs in the nucleus of infected cells in viral replication centers where viral proteins and cellular replication factors localize. Here, we examined the role of viral replication center formation and DNA replication in the FAM111A-mediated HR phenotype. We found that SV40 HR virus rarely formed viral replication centers in restrictive cells, a phenotype that could be rescued by FAM111A depletion. Furthermore, while FAM111A localized to nucleoli in uninfected cells in a cell cycle-dependent manner, FAM111A relocalized to viral replication centers after infection with SV40 wild-type or HR viruses. We also found that inhibition of viral DNA replication through aphidicolin treatment or through the use of replication-defective SV40 mutants diminished the effects of FAM111A depletion on viral gene expression. These results indicate that FAM111A restricts SV40 HR viral replication center formation and that viral DNA replication contributes to the FAM111A-mediated effect on early gene expression.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> SV40 has served as a powerful tool for understanding fundamental viral and cellular processes; however, despite extensive study, the SV40 HR mutant phenotype remains poorly understood. Mutations in the C terminus of large T antigen that disrupt binding to the host protein FAM111A render SV40 HR viruses unable to replicate in restrictive cell types. Our work reveals a defect of HR mutant viruses in the formation of viral replication centers that can be rescued by depletion of FAM111A. Furthermore, inhibition of viral DNA replication reduces the effects of FAM111A restriction on viral gene expression. Additionally, FAM111A is a poorly characterized cellular protein whose mutation leads to two severe human syndromes, Kenny-Caffey syndrome and osteocraniostenosis. Our findings regarding the role of FAM111A in restricting viral replication and its localization to nucleoli and viral replication centers provide further insight into FAM111A function that could help reveal the underlying disease-associated mechanisms.
Editorial (2008)

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Journal Club (1991)

Log in or Register Subscribe to journalSubscribe Get new issue alertsGet alerts Enter your Email address: Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy. Subscribe to eTOC Secondary Logo Journal Logo All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search Toggle navigation Subscribe Register Login Articles & Issues Current IssuePrevious IssuesPublished Ahead-of-Print Collections SNACC Clinical Guidelines and Consensus StatementsSNACC Abstracts For Authors Submit a ManuscriptInformation for AuthorsLanguage Editing ServicesAuthor Permissions Journal Info About the JournalEditorial BoardAffiliated SocietiesAdvertisingOpen AccessSubscription ServicesReprintsRights and Permissions All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search
On Simplex Pivoting Rules and Complexity Theory (2014)

We show that there are simplex pivoting rules for which it is PSPACE-complete to tell if a particular basis will appear on the algorithm's path. Such rules cannot be the basis of a strongly polynomial algorithm, unless P = PSPACE. We conjecture that the same can be shown for most known variants of the simplex method. However, we also point out that Dantzig's shadow vertex algorithm has a polynomial path problem. Finally, we discuss in the same context randomized pivoting rules.
The thermal decomposition of aliphatic aldehydes (1963)

Abstract The thermal decomposition of acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde and iso-butyraldehyde, as investigated by the static method, is essentially homogeneous, inhibitable by propylene, isobutene and small amounts of nitric oxide, and generally catalyzed at high inhibitor concentrations. The kinetic order of the uninhibited decomposition exhibits little obvious regularity, but that of the maximally inhibited reaction is approximately 1.5 for all three inhibitors. Kates of the uninhibited decomposition do not follow the sequence in the homologous series, and there is no systematic variation in the extent of inhibition from one aldehyde to another. For each aldehyde, the minimum rates for the three inhibitors in general are not identical, nevertheless exhibit a correspondence probably close enough to eliminate chance coincidence. The kinetic and analytical results of the uninhibited decomposition can be approximately described by a Kice-Herzfeld-type mechanism, with the kinetics in each case largely determined by the stability of radicals and their reactions in chain propagation and termination. The question whether the maximally inhibited reaction is a molecular reaction or a chain reaction is surveyed. Although the results cannot be completely accounted for by a molecular reaction alone, a chain mechanism for propylene inhibition involving allyl radicals likewise has only limited success. For nitric-oxide inhibition, it is not certain how far the results are affected by the occurrence of the subsequent catalyzed reaction. No definite conclusion can thus be reached about the nature of the maximally inhibited reaction.
High-Resolution NMR and Computer Modeling Studies of the Cannabimimetic Aminoalkylindole Prototype WIN-55212-2 (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionHigh-Resolution NMR and Computer Modeling Studies of the Cannabimimetic Aminoalkylindole Prototype WIN-55212-2Xiang-Qun Xie, Xiu-Wen Han, Jian-Zhong Chen, Michael Eissenstat, and Alexandros MakriyannisCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1999, 42, 24, 5060Publication Date (Web):October 23, 1999Publication History Published online23 October 1999Published inissue 2 December 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm990494ehttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm990494ecorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views289Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (14 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma with infradiaphragmatic presentation of skin metastases (2006)

Distant metastases in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx have an incidence of 6.5-7.2%, and most commonly involve the lungs, liver and bone. Metastases to the skin are exceedingly rare, with only 30 cases reported in the literature. Skin metastases may represent the first clinical evidence of impending locoregional recurrence, suggest distant metastatic spread, or rarely, be the first sign of 'silent' laryngeal tumour. They are usually considered a poor prognostic sign and most often affect the supradiaphragmatic area, i.e. the head, neck, thorax or upper extremities. Infradiaphragmatic presentation of metastatic laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is exceptional, with only four cases reported in the literature. Here we present another.
Modified Thalidomide, Cyclophosphamide and Dexamethasone (TCD) to Patients with Multiple Myeloma as Primary Therapy Prior to Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Collection. (2005)

Abstract In the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC)-supported high-dose melphalan is now considered standard therapy, especially for younger patients. Before PBSC, a new immunomodulatory drug, thalidomide, has replaced VAD regimen as the induction therapy of choice prior to hematopoietic stem cell procurement. Thalidomide has alternative mechanisms of action and usually combines with dexamethasone or alkylating agent, but the optimal doses and the intervals of chemotherapy has been evaluated. We reported preliminary data that the patients with previously untreated multiple myeloma were treated by combined different dose-scheduled thalidomide, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone as primary therapy and performed autologous stem cell collection. A total of 52 patients with MM were initially treated thalidomide-based chemotherapy from June 2003. Thalidomide was given with the three different method: 400mg/day on D1–5, D15–19 (arm A), 50mg/day daily (arm B) combined with cyclophosphamide 150mg/m2 P.O. on D1–4 and dexamethasone 20mg/m2 P.O. or I.V. on D1–5, D15–19, or thalidomide 200mg/day daily combined with dexamethasone 20mg/m2 on D1–4, 9–12, 17–20 in odd cycles and on D1–4 in even cycles (arm C), repeated every 28 days. Low-dose aspirin or warfarin was taken as prophylaxis for thrombosis. Thirty-nine (arm A: 17, arm B: 12, arm C: 10) of the 52 patients who received at least 4 cycles or more were evaluated for response and toxicity. Median age was 65 (range: 39–80) years and the total number of 158 cycles of toxicities were evaluated. After median 4 months of time to response followed, the overall response rate was 71.8% (76.5% v 75.0% v 60.0%), including 23% (17.5% v 23% v 28%) of complete or near complete response. Two patients (5.1%) died due to infection during treatment. When the toxicity of therapy was evaluated with more Grade III, two patients (5.1%) showed neurotoxicity, six patients (15.4%) showed neutropenia, and two patients (5.1%) had deep-vein thrombosis. Thirteen patients who achieved more than partial response proceeded to PBSC collection and yielded a median number of 3.78 x 106 CD 34+ cells/kg. This low or intermediate dose or periodic thalidomide combination showed positive responses, reducing toxicities, and adequate numbers of blood stem cells in patients eligible for subsequent high-dose chemotherapy.