gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and Prevention of Viral Infections in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies (2011)

Viral infections are some of the most frequent complications in patients with hematologic malignancies are viral infections. Infections caused by cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, hepatitis B virus and influenza virus are associated with high morbidity and mortality in this vulnerable population. Fortunately, a growing number of antiviral medications and vaccines are allowing for more effective prophylaxis against these pathogens. This article reviews the epidemiology and prophylactic strategies available for these opportunistic viral pathogens.
Live single cell functional phenotyping in droplet nano-liter reactors (2013)

While single cell heterogeneity is present in all biological systems, most studies cannot address it due to technical limitations. Here we describe a nano-liter droplet microfluidic-based approach for stimulation and monitoring of surface and secreted markers of live single immune dendritic cells (DCs) as well as monitoring the live T cell/DC interaction. This nano-liter in vivo simulating microenvironment allows delivering various stimuli reagents to each cell and appropriate gas exchanges which are necessary to ensure functionality and viability of encapsulated cells. Labeling bioassay and microsphere sensors were integrated into nano-liter reaction volume of the droplet to monitor live single cell surface markers and secretion analysis in the time-dependent fashion. Thus live cell stimulation, secretion and surface monitoring can be obtained simultaneously in distinct microenvironment, which previously was possible using complicated and multi-step in vitro and in vivo live-cell microscopy, together with immunological studies of the outcome secretion of cellular function.
GLYCOSYLATION VARIANTS ON MUCINS AS CANDIDATE MARKERS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF PANCREATIC CYSTIC NEOPLASMS (2008)

An increasing number of cystic lesions of the pancreas are being identified incidentally due to the widespread use of high-quality cross sectional imaging. Since certain cyst types are precursors to invasive cancer, identification of these pre-malignant lesions presents an opportunity to intervene prior to malignant progression. The effective implementation of that strategy has been hampered by difficulties in clearly distinguishing between benign cysts and mucin-producing cysts with malignant potential. Here we explored whether alterations in glycosylation on specific proteins in cyst fluid samples could serve as an improved biomarker platform to differentiate mucin- versus non-mucin-producing cystic tumors of the pancreas compared to the current gold standard, cyst fluid CEA. We developed and used a novel antibody-lectin microarray method to measure the protein expression and glycosylation of ten different proteins in cyst fluid samples from 53 patients who underwent surgical resection from two high volume pancreatic surgical centers. The diagnoses of the 53 lesions included: mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCNs, n = 17), intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs, n = 15), serous cystadenoma (SC, n = 12), or pseudocyst (PC, n = 9). The detection of particular glycans on the protein MUC5ac identified mucinous neoplasms with 76% specificity and 80% sensitivity, whereas the detection of the MUC5ac core protein showed only 43% specificity at 80% sensitivity. CEA discriminated the groups with 66% specificity and 80% sensitivity. These results suggest that a high-throughput, microarray analysis may be of greater utility in differentiating mucin-producing cysts from their non-mucin-producing counterparts than the current gold standard of CEA analysis of cyst fluid.
Biomass smoke extract increases fibronectin and perlecan release from human lung fibroblasts (2011)

Introduction: Approximately 50% of deaths from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in developing countries have resulted from repeated exposure to burning biomass, such as is used in household cooking. Biomass induced COPD has been reported to be associated with a more fibrotic phenotype than cigarette smoke induced COPD. We aimed to investigate if biomass smoke induced extracellular matrix (ECM) protein production from primary human lung cells in vitro.

Methods: Primary human lung fibroblasts were stimulated for up to 72 hours with increasing concentrations of biomass smoke extract (BME) or cigarette smoke extract (CSE) as a comparison. Cells were lysed and deposition of ECM proteins were assessed using ELISA. Activation of intracellular signaling molecules was analysed using western blotting. Release of interleukin (IL)-8 into the supernatant was analysed using capture ELISA. Cell viability was assessed using manual cell counts and a commercially available MTT assay.

Results: Deposition of the ECM proteins perlecan and fibronectin was upregulated by both 5% CSE and 1% BME. 1%, 5%, 10% and 20% BME and 5% CSE significantly upregulated the phosphorylation of ERK1 and ERK2 following 30 minutes exposure and these remained elevated to 24 hours exposure. Release of IL-8 in the supernatant was increased by 5% CSE and 1% BME. Exposure to concentrations of BME >10% caused significant decreases in cell viability.

Conclusion: BME has similar effects to CSE in vitro and has the capacity to directly induce fibrosis by upregulating production of ECM proteins. The mechanisms by which both biomass and cigarette smoke exposure cause lung damage may be similar.
Multicomponent Seismic Data and Joint Inversion (2022)

Multicomponent seismic data bring unique advantages to geophysical reservoir characterization in settings with fracturing or stratigraphic complexity. Their use allows much better estimation of elastic attributes such as shear-wave impedance and Poisson's ratio than is possible with conventional seismic alone. Also, because of their great sensitivity to the anisotropy parameters diagnostic of fracturing, multicomponent techniques are the tools of choice for characterizing natural fracture networks geophysically. The use of recently developed joint inversion methodologies for deriving elastic parameters is the most straightforward way to take advantage of the extra information multicomponent seismic data provide.
EXTRA: Towards an Efficient Open Platform for Reconfigurable High Performance Computing (2015)

To handle the stringent performance requirements of future exascale-class applications, High Performance Computing (HPC) systems need ultra-efficient heterogeneous compute nodes. To reduce power and increase performance, such compute nodes will require hardware accelerators with a high degree of specialization. Ideally, dynamic reconfiguration will be an intrinsic feature, so that specific HPC application features can be optimally accelerated, even if they regularly change over time. In the EXTRA project, we create a new and flexible exploration platform for developing reconfigurable architectures, design tools and HPC applications with run-time reconfiguration built-in as a core fundamental feature instead of an add-on. EXTRA covers the entire stack from architecture up to the application, focusing on the fundamental building blocks for run-time reconfigurable exascale HPC systems: new chip architectures with very low reconfiguration overhead, new tools that truly take reconfiguration as a central design concept, and applications that are tuned to maximally benefit from the proposed run-time reconfiguration techniques. Ultimately, this open platform will improve Europe's competitive advantage and leadership in the field.
Oktay BELLİ, Anadolu Tanrıçaları, Promete Yayıncılık, İstanbul 2001, 44 s., 54 Renkli Fotoğraf, 1 Harita, 1 İllüstrasyon (2011)

Oktay BELLİ, Anadolu Tanrıçaları, Promete Yayıncılık, İstanbul 2001, 44 s., 54 Renkli Fotoğraf, 1 Harita, 1 İllüstrasyon
Reconstructing Proximal Humeral Fractures Using the Bicipital Groove as a Landmark (2007)

Controversy persists in the literature regarding the use of the bicipital groove as an anatomic landmark to restore humeral head retroversion when treating complex proximal humeral fractures with arthroplasty. We quantified the three-dimensional geometry of the bicipital groove in 49 dried humeri relative to the intramedullary axis, quantified the reliability of using the bicipital groove as an anatomic landmark, and compared this reliability with that of the conventional technique that uses a fixed, average angle relative to the epicondylar axis to establish humeral head retroversion. The data show the anterior offset of the bicipital groove is nearly constant from proximal (7.3 mm +/- 2.8 mm) to distal (7.2 mm +/- 1.5 mm) relative to the intramedullary axis. Given the consistency, the distal bicipital groove (at the level of the surgical neck) is a reasonable landmark to establish humeral head retroversion after complex proximal humeral fractures having reliability (angular error of 7.9 degrees +/- 5.8 degrees) as good as or better than the conventional fixed-angle technique.
RETRACTED: Porosity gradient control of 3D printed hybrid foam structures (2023)

Abstract The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Effect of Alloying Elements on Nitrogen Content of Steel Weld Metals (Report 1) (1972)

Using ten series of alloy steel electrode wires, mild steel was welded in a nitrogen atmosphere.The individual influence of the alloying elements, C, Si, Mn, Nb, Mo, V, Co, Ta, W and Cu in the electrode wires on the nitrogen content of weld metals was systematically studied.The results are summarized as follows;1) The nitrogen content of weld metals increases with increasing the vanadium, niobium, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum and manganese contents in electrode wires.2) The nitrogen content of weld metals decreases with increasing the carbon and silicon contents in electrode wires.3) Cobalt and copper have no significant influence.4) The effects of alloying elements in electrode wires on the nitrogen content of weld metals are generally similar to their effects on the solubility of nitrogen in liquid iron alloys.5) The influence of each alloying element on the nitrogen absorption by weld metals during are welding was estimated by analogy with thermodynamics.
An initial study on using carbon microfiber transmission lines in conformal array networks (2015)

In this paper, an initial study on the possible use of carbon microfibers as a transmission line (TL) feed network in conformal microstrip antenna arrays was conducted. Initially, a 12.0 cm long 50 Ω microfiber transmission line was manufactured and the wave propagation properties were measured. These characteristics were then compared to the propagation properties of a traditional copper microstrip TL with the same length. Once these propagation characteristics were determined, two parallel TLs with a separation of 4.0 mm were then manufactured to investigate the unwanted coupling that may occur in a feed network of an array. One of these TLs was a copper microstrip line and one was a microfiber TL with similar dimensions. Overall, it has been shown that the microfiber TLs support wave propagation in a manner similar to the copper microstrip TLs but the attenuation constant was larger, as the 3 dB point was at 2.5 GHz. Also it was evident from the measurements that the microfiber TLs were more immune to coupling at high frequencies. The results demonstrated that these properties made microfiber TLs a good possible candidate for the feed network of a conformal microstrip antenna array.
How hot is too hot? Live‐trapped gray wolf rectal temperatures and 1‐year survival (2014)

ABSTRACT The ability of physically restrained and anesthetized wolves to thermoregulate is lessened and could lead to reduced survival, yet no information is available about this subject. Therefore, we analyzed rectal temperatures related to survival 1 year post‐capture from 173 adult (non‐pup) gray wolves ( Canis lupus ) captured in modified foot‐hold traps for radiocollaring during June–August, 1988–2011, in the Superior National Forest of northeastern Minnesota, USA. The maximum observed rectal temperature (“maxtemp,” ° F, ° C) in each wolf during capture ( = 104.0, 40.0; SD = 2.0, 1.1; min. = 95.9, 35.5; max. = 108, 42.2) was not a significant predictor of survival to 1 year post‐capture. Although no weather or morphometric variable was a significant predictor of maxtemps, wolves initially anesthetized with ketamine–xylazine rather than telazol®–xylazine averaged higher maxtemps. This information does not fully address possible effects of high body temperatures related to live‐capture and handling of wolves, but it does provide a useful waypoint for future assessments of this relationship and a reassurance to wildlife practitioners that the maxtemps observed in our study did not appear to affect 1‐year survival. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Building better all-solid-state batteries with Li-garnet solid electrolytes and metalloid anodes (2019)

All-solid-state batteries provide new opportunities to realize safe, non-flammable, and temperature-tolerant energy storage and display a huge potential to be the core of future energy storage devices, especially in applications where energy density is key to the technology. Garnet-type solid-state electrolytes based on cubic Li7La3Zr2O12 possess one of the highest Li+ conductivities, a wider electrochemical stability window compared to liquid electrolytes, and exceptional chemical and thermal stabilities among various solid electrolytes. Most of the first reports, however, employ lithium metal as the anode with unavoidable Li-dendrite formation through polycrystalline Li-garnet electrolytes at current densities above 0.5 mA cm-2. Accordingly, alternative materials and processing strategies for anodes or interlayers are inherently needed for high currents and fast charging for Li-garnet-type battery integration. Here, we demonstrate, through the use of a composite anode based on antimony nanocrystals, that metalloids offer high and stable storage capacities of up to 330 mA h g-1 for Li-garnet all-solid-state batteries at reasonably high current densities (e.g. 240 mA g-1) at 95 °C. The results are also compared towards standard liquid type electrolytes and reveal high coulombic efficiencies and improved cycle stability for the solid-state cell design. Guidelines and aspects to process alternative materials and impact the interface design towards fast lithium charge transfer between the metalloid and the Li-garnet electrolyte are formulated. The architecture and scalable processing of metalloid-based batteries are obvious advantages of this work, opening a promising avenue to avoid Li-dendrite formation at high current loads in garnet-type all-solid-state rechargeable batteries.
Can silicon change photonics? (2008)

Abstract The electronic chip industry embodies the height of technological sophistication and economics of scale. The industry mass produces complex circuitry, boasting over one billion components at such low cost that they appear in consumer products. Fabricating inexpensive photonic components by leveraging this mighty manufacturing infrastructure has been the impetus behind the development of silicon photonics. If it can be done economically and in an energy‐efficient manner, empowering silicon with optical functionality will bring optical communications to the realm of computers where limitations of metallic interconnects are threatening the industry's future. Guided by such visions and propelled by pioneering research conducted in the 1980s and 1990s, silicon photonics has enjoyed spectacular progress in the last six years. The critical size of photonic devices has been scaled to the 300 nm regime making more efficient use of wafer real estate. Optical amplification and lasing, once considered forbidden in silicon, have recently been demonstrated. High‐speed and efficient electrical‐optical conversion is being performed by production‐worthy devices. Silicon's nonlinear optical properties, enhanced by tight optical confinement in Si/SiO 2 structures, are producing wavelength switching and generation, which are central functions in multiwavelength communications and signal processing. This article reviews these and other exciting progress being made in silicon photonics and identifies the challenges that remain on the path to commercialization. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
242 The Examination of the Association between the Chronic Rhinosinusitis and the Inflammation of the Lower Respiratory Airway by Using the Exhaled Nitric Oxide (NO) and the Respiratory Function Test (2012)

BACKGROUND: It is said that the chronic rhinosinusitis influences the lower respiratory airway and there is a report that a tendency to increase the eosinophilic rhinosinusitis later, but they are still unknown. METHODS: We divided the chronic rhinosinusitis patients with the adaptation of the operation into 4 groups and exaed whether there was a difference in the respiratory function, exhaled NO, and the number of the blood eosinophil. OBJECT: 29 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who planned the endonasal sinus surgery. RESULTS: Comparing these 4 groups, it was the worst on the respiratory function (one second rate) in the group with nasal polyps and without nasal allergy. It was recognized the connection between the respiratory function and the presence of the nasal polyps. It was possible that the exhaled NO became the index to the lower airway inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: We classified the chronic rhinosinusitis and evaluated the lower airway function. It helps the pathologic understanding of the chronic rhinosinusitis. And it leads to understand of the influence on the lower airway inflammation.
Aqueous-Phase Behavior and Cubic Phase-Containing Emulsions in the C12E2−Water System (2000)

The aqueous-phase behavior of C12E2 was examined using the diffusive interfacial transport-near infrared method (DIT-NIR), a new isothermal swelling method for assembling accurate and precise phase diagrams. The system exhibits a large number of liquid-crystal phases over a remarkably small temperature and composition window including a sponge phase, two bicontinuous cubic phases, and a lamellar phase. The phase behavior of the system is similar to Class II polar lipids, such as monoglycerides, excluding the liquid−liquid miscibility gap and the sponge phase associated with ethoxylated surfactants. The data collected by the DIT-NIR method provide a marked improvement to the currently accepted phase diagram. Finally, temperature steps can create temperature-induced cubic-phase-containing emulsions in which pyramidal-shaped L1 droplets are dispersed within the V2(1) bicontinuous cubic-phase continuum, reflecting the epitaxy of the cubic-phase lattice.
Novel Inhibition of Gβγ-activated Potassium Currents Induced by M2 Muscarinic Receptors via a Pertussis Toxin-insensitive Pathway (2000)

G(i) protein-coupled receptors such as the M(2) muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) and A(1) adenosine receptor have been shown to activate G protein-activated inwardly rectifying K(+) channels (GIRKs) via pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins in atrial myocytes and in many neuronal cells. Here we show that muscarinic M(2) receptors not only activate but also reversibly inhibit these K(+) currents when stimulated with agonist for up to 2 min. The M(2) mAChR-mediated inhibition of the channel was also observed when the channels were first activated by inclusion of guanosine 5'-O-(thiotriphosphate) in the pipette. Under these conditions the M(2) mAChR-induced inhibition was quasi-irreversible, suggesting a role for G proteins in the inhibitory process. In contrast, when GIRK currents were maximally activated by co-expressing exogenous Gbetagamma, the extent of acetylcholine (ACh)-induced inhibition was significantly reduced, suggesting competition between the receptor-mediated inhibition and the large pool of available Gbetagamma subunits. The signaling pathway that led to the ACh-induced inhibition of GIRK channels was unaffected by pertussis toxin pretreatment. Furthermore, the internalization and agonist-induced phosphorylation of M(2) mAChR was not required because a phosphorylation- and internalization-deficient mutant of the M(2) mAChR was as potent as the wild-type counterpart. Pharmacological agents modulating various protein kinases or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase did not affect the inhibition of GIRK currents. Furthermore, the signaling pathway that mediates GIRK current inhibition was found to be membrane-delimited because bath application of ACh did not inhibit GIRK channel activity in cell-attached patches. Other G protein-coupled receptors including M(4) mAChR and alpha(1A) adrenergic receptors also caused the inhibition, whereas other G protein-coupled receptors including A(1) and A(3) adenosine receptors and alpha(2A) and alpha(2C) adrenergic receptors could not induce the inhibition. The presented results suggest the existence of a novel signaling pathway that can be activated selectively by M(2) and M(4) mAChR but not by adenosine receptors and that involves non-pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins leading to an inhibition of Gbetagamma-activated GIRK currents in a membrane-delimited fashion.
Gestion énergétique sans stockage électrique d’un processus de pompage et/ou de dessalement alimenté « au fil du vent et du soleil » (2011)

National audience
Structural Control of Photoinduced Energy Transfer between Adjacent and Distant Sites in Multiporphyrin Arrays (2000)

A family of diphenylethyne-linked porphyrin dimers and trimers has been prepared via a building block approach for studies of energy-transfer processes. The dimers contain Mg and Zn porphyrins (MgZnU); the trimers contain an additional free base porphyrin (MgZnFbU). In both the dimers and trimers, sites of attachment to the Mg porphyrin (at the meso- or β-position) and diphenylethyne linker (at the para- or meta-positions) were varied, producing four Mg porphyrin−Zn porphyrin arrangements with the following linker configurations: meso-p/p-meso, meso-m/p-meso, β-p/p-meso, and β-m/p-meso. All four trimers employ a meso-p/p-meso Zn porphyrin−Fb porphyrin connection. The ground- and excited-state properties of the porphyrin dimers and trimers have been examined using static and time-resolved optical techniques. The rate of energy transfer from the photoexcited Zn porphyrin to the Mg porphyrin decreases according to the following trend: meso-p/p-meso (9 ps)-1 > β-p/p-meso (14 ps)-1 > meso-m/p-meso (19 ps)-1 > β-m/p-meso (27 ps)-1. In each compound, energy transfer between adjacent porphyrins occurs through a linker-mediated through-bond process. The rate of energy transfer between Zn and Fb porphyrins is constant in each trimer ((24 ps)-1). Energy transfer from the photoexcited Zn porphyrin branches to the adjacent Fb and Mg porphyrins, with nearly one-half to three-fourths proceeding to the Mg porphyrin (depending on the linker). Energy transfer from the excited Mg porphyrin to the nonadjacent Fb porphyrin occurs more slowly, with a rate that follows the same trend in linker architecture and porphyrin connection site: meso-p/p-meso (173 ps)-1 > β-p/p-meso (225 ps)-1 > meso-m/p-meso (320 ps)-1 > β-m/p-meso (385 ps)-1. The rate of transfer between nonadjacent Mg and Fb porphyrins does not change significantly with temperature, indicating a superexchange mechanism utilizing orbitals/states on the intervening Zn porphyrin. Energy transfer between nonadjacent sites may prove useful in directing energy flow in multiporphyrin arrays and related molecular photonic devices.