gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-Throughput Screening Assays for Cancer Immunotherapy Targets: Ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73 (2019)

Production of adenosine in the extracellular tumor microenvironment elicits strong immunosuppression and is associated with tumor progression. Thus, targeting adenosine-generating ectonucleotidases is a potential strategy to stimulate and prolong antitumor immunity. Because the reaction products of ectonucleotidases differ by a single phosphate group, selective detection in an assay format that is compatible with high-throughput screening (HTS) has been elusive. We report the development of biochemical assays capable of measuring the activity of ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (ENTPD1; also known as CD39) and ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73). Both assays leverage the Transcreener HTS Assay platform, which facilitates selective immunodetection of nucleotides with homogenous fluorescent readouts, fluorescence polarization or time-resolved fluorescence energy transfer. The Transcreener AMP2 Assay was used to measure CD39 activity, allowing detection of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) production (Z' > 0.6) with subnanomolar amounts of CD39, allowing IC<sub>50</sub> determination for tool compounds, consistent with previously reported values. To detect the production of adenosine by CD73, the Transcreener ADP2 Assay was coupled with adenosine kinase (AK); conversion of adenosine to AMP and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) by AK allows detection with ADP2 antibody. The Transcreener AMP2 Assay was used to screen a 1280 Library of Pharmacologically Active Compounds (LOPAC) library and a 1600-compound subset of a ChemBridge diversity library for CD39 inhibitors, allowing the identification of nine and eight candidate compounds from each library, respectively. The Transcreener ADP2 Assay was used to screen 1600 compounds from the ChemBridge diversity library for CD73 inhibitors and identified 14 potential candidates. HTS-compatible assays for ectonucleotidase activity may allow identification of purinergic signaling pathway inhibitors important for tumor-specific immune responses during tumor pathogenesis.
Molecular Dynamics Electric Field Crystallization Simulations of Paracetamol Produce a New Polymorph (2017)

Using molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate the ability of high intensity, 1.5 V/nm, static electric fields to induce the formation of a new polymorph of paracetamol, one of the most important fever and pain suppressants in the world. In the newly produced polymorphic form, paracetamol molecules adopt a spatial orientation that maximizes the alignment between the electric dipole and the applied electric field vector. As the properties of crystalline materials are ultimately determined by the conformational and packing patterns of molecules in the solid state, it is predicted that electric fields have the potential to spur the creation of never before seen materials with potential novel properties such as increased drug efficacy in vivo. Paracetamol nanocrystal growth and dissolution dynamics are systematically investigated as a function of the applied electric field intensity and temperature. It is shown that the electric field suppresses the growth rate of supersaturated paracetamol nanocrystals, and can both increase and inhibit the dissolution rates of undersaturated paracetamol nanocrystals. This shows that molecular dynamics predicts that electric fields are a useful control variable for the manipulation of crystal size distributions and crystallization dynamics. Analysis of the crystal morphology under the presence of the electric field shows that paracetamol nanocrystals adopt an electric field intensity dependent morphology. Finally, the new polymorph is shown to be metastable in the absence of the electric field with increased aqueous solubility and hence potentially bioavailability relative to form I and II. The new form is stabilized at short times through a temperature quench, but requires longer application of the electric field to maintain the new polymorph during crystallization.
Institutional Reductions in Opioid Prescribing Following Hip Arthroscopy Do Not Change Patient Satisfaction Scores (2021)

Level III, retrospective comparative study.
Sulfide treated GaAs MISFET's with gate insulator of photo-CVD grown P/sub 3/N/sub 5/ film (1994)

Sulfide passivated GaAs MISFET's with the gate insulator of photo-CVD grown P/sub 3/N/sub 5/ films have been successfully fabricated. The device shows the drain current instability less than 22% for the period of 1.0 s /spl sim/1.0/spl times/10/sup 4/ s, due to excellent properties of sulfide treated P/sub 3/N/sub 5//GaAs interface. The effective electron mobility and extrinsic transconductance of the device are about 1300 cm/sup 2//V/spl middot/sec and 1.33 mS, respectively, at room temperature. To estimate the effects of sulfide treatment on P/sub 3/N/sub 5//GaAs interfacial properties, GaAs-MIS diodes are also fabricated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Exploiting Multiuser Diversity Using Multiple Feedback Thresholds (2005)

This paper describes a novel scheduling algorithm that takes advantage of multiuser diversity to obtain the maximum system spectral efficiency and uses multiple feedback thresholds to reduce the feedback load to a minimum. In this scenario the relevant users are probed with a set of carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) thresholds. The users are first probed with the highest threshold. If none of the users are above this threshold the threshold value is sequentially lowered until one or more users are found. A closed-form expression for the average, normalized feedback load (NFL) is found. It can be argued that it is wise to minimize this average NFL to minimize the guard time needed for the feedback process. Consequently, the optimal CNR thresholds which minimize the average NFL are found. We also develop closed-form expressions for the overall capacity using quantized feedback. Plots show that the number of transmitted symbols between feedback queries has great impact on the overall capacity and that one bit feedback is optimal in all cases. The scheduling outage probability has also been analyzed, and the results show that the scheduling outage probability increases dramatically when a scheduling deadline is exceeded.
Neural networks and volterra series for time-domain power amplifier behavioral models (2007)

This paper presents a black-box model that can be applied to characterize the nonlinear dynamic behavior of power amplifiers (PAs), including strong nonlinearities and memory effects. Feedforward time-delay Neural Networks (TDNN) are used to extract the model from a large-signal input-output time-domain characterization in a given bandwidth; furthermore, explicit formulas to derive Volterra kernels from the TDNN parameters are also presented. The TDNN and related Volterra models can predict the amplifier response to different frequency excitations in the same bandwidth and power sweep. As a case study, a PA, characterized with a two-tone power swept excitation, is modeled and simulations are found in good agreement with training measurements; moreover, a model validation with two tones of different frequencies and spacing is also performed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2007.
Induction of Abortion in Mares with Equimate: Effect on Secretion of Progesterone, PMSG and Reproductive Performance1 (1980)

Thirty-two light-horse mares were confirmed to be pregnant and assigned to one of four treatments: (1) injected with 250 micrograms of Equimate on day 70 and again on day 77 if abortion had not occurred; (2) injected with 250 micrograms of Equimate on day 70 and every 24 hr until abortion occurred (maximum four injections); (3) injected with 250 micrograms of Equimate on day 70 and every 12 hr until abortion (maximum eight injections); and (4) injected with 250 micrograms of Equimate once only on day 35 of gestation. Mares were observed four times daily for incidence of abortion or side effects. Estrual behavior was monitored daily and follicular activity either daily or every third or fourth day until estrus and ovulation. Samples of jugular blood were obtained at 0600 hr day -1 and every 6 hr until the first day of estrus after abortion, or for 2 weeks after abortion if estrus had not occurred, or for 1 week after treatment for mares that had not aborted. A single injection of Equimate terminated pregnancy in all but one mare injected on day 35, but none of the mares given an injection on day 70 and 77 aborted. Multiple injections of Equimate beginning on day 70 of gestation terminated pregnancy in all mares. Fewer (P less than .05) injections were required for abortion of mares injected daily. During the immediate week post-treatment, concentrations of progesterone decreased (P less than .05) in all mares injected with Equimate, but overall concentrations were greater (P less than .05) for mares injected once on day 70 than for those in the other three groups. Equimate did not affect secretion of PMSG in the day 70 group of mares. Estrus and ovulation after abortion were delayed (P less than 0.05) for mares injected daily or twice daily beginning on day 70 compared to those injected once on day 35. Thus, rebreeding of these mares during the same breeding season in which they were aborted would be difficult.
Microbiological Oxidation of Antimony(III) with Oxygen or Nitrate by Bacteria Isolated from Contaminated Mine Sediments (2015)

Bacterial oxidation of arsenite [As(III)] is a well-studied and important biogeochemical pathway that directly influences the mobility and toxicity of arsenic in the environment. In contrast, little is known about microbiological oxidation of the chemically similar anion antimonite [Sb(III)]. In this study, two bacterial strains, designated IDSBO-1 and IDSBO-4, which grow on tartrate compounds and oxidize Sb(III) using either oxygen or nitrate, respectively, as a terminal electron acceptor, were isolated from contaminated mine sediments. Both isolates belonged to the Comamonadaceae family and were 99% similar to previously described species. We identify these novel strains as Hydrogenophaga taeniospiralis strain IDSBO-1 and Variovorax paradoxus strain IDSBO-4. Both strains possess a gene with homology to the aioA gene, which encodes an As(III)-oxidase, and both oxidize As(III) aerobically, but only IDSBO-4 oxidized Sb(III) in the presence of air, while strain IDSBO-1 could achieve this via nitrate respiration. Our results suggest that expression of aioA is not induced by Sb(III) but may be involved in Sb(III) oxidation along with an Sb(III)-specific pathway. Phylogenetic analysis of proteins encoded by the aioA genes revealed a close sequence similarity (90%) among the two isolates and other known As(III)-oxidizing bacteria, particularly Acidovorax sp. strain NO1. Both isolates were capable of chemolithoautotrophic growth using As(III) as a primary electron donor, and strain IDSBO-4 exhibited incorporation of radiolabeled [(14)C]bicarbonate while oxidizing Sb(III) from Sb(III)-tartrate, suggesting possible Sb(III)-dependent autotrophy. Enrichment cultures produced the Sb(V) oxide mineral mopungite and lesser amounts of Sb(III)-bearing senarmontite as precipitates.
Supplementary Figure legends from Dysregulated NF-κB–Dependent ICOSL Expression in Human Dendritic Cell Vaccines Impairs T-cell Responses in Patients with Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure legends&lt;/p&gt;
Carpal Tunnel Release (1996)

Fifty patients (54 hands) who underwent carpal tunnel release for carpal tunnel syndrome were evaluated to determine the relationship between the prominence of specific clinical symptoms and the early results of carpal tunnel release. Patients were evaluated preoperatively, 3 weeks after surgery, and 3 months after surgery by questionnaire, physical examination, and Semmes-Weinstein monofilament pressure testing. The symptoms evaluated included hand/wrist/forearm pain, night pain/paresthesias, intermittent paresthesias, hand clumsiness, hand weakness, constant numbness, and difficulty with work related tasks. All symptoms showed significant improvements at 3 months after surgery. Overall symptom reduction at 3 months after surgery was 49% +/- 73%. Overall satisfaction at 3 months after surgery was 7.8 +/- 2.8 (0 to 10 scale). the severity of preoperative subjective hand weakness was significantly associated with surgery and with less improvement of function at 3 months after surgery and with less satisfaction with overall symptom relief at 3 months after surgery. Although subjective outcomes in this study were markedly improved after carpal tunnel release regardless of preoperative symptomatology, patients with more preoperative night symptoms and intermittent paresthesias and less preoperative hand/wrist pain, numbness, weakness, clumsiness, and difficulty with work related tasks were the most satisfied with their surgery.
The growing world of crystal forms (2010)

Engineering crystal properties by a choice of adequate molecular building blocks has to cope with the fact that a given molecule can be isolated in many, at times very many, solid forms (single entity crystals, solvates, salts, co-crystals and their polymorphs) each with its own characteristics and properties. Preparation of new crystal forms of a same molecule, and investigation of the relationship among new crystal forms represent not only a further challenge to the solid state chemists, but also an opportunity of modifying properties of crystals with applicative implications (pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, pigments, organic semiconductors, etc.). This feature article elaborates on this concept via a number of examples of multiple crystal forms and test cases.
AFFYGCQC: A WEB-BASED INTERFACE TO DETECT OUTLYING GENECHIPS WITH EXTREME STUDENTIZED DEVIATE TESTS (2008)

Affymetrix GeneChip oligonucleotide arrays are dedicated to analyzing gene expression differences across distinct experimental conditions. Data production for such arrays is an elaborate process with many potential sources of variability unrelated to biologically relevant gene expression variations. Therefore, rigorous data quality assessment is fundamental throughout the process for downstream biologically meaningful analyses. We have developed a program named AffyGCQC, which is the acronym for a bioinformatics tool designed to perform Affymetrix GeneChip Quality Control. This program implements a graphical representation of QC metrics recommended by Affymetrix for GeneChip oligonucleotide array technology. Most importantly, it performs extreme studentized deviate statistical tests for the set of arrays being compared in a given experiment, thus providing an objective measure for outlier detection. AffyGCQC has been designed as an easy-to-use Web-based interface (online supplementary information: http://www.transcriptome.ens.fr/AffyGCQC/; contact: affygcqc@biologie.ens.fr).
CCL5-Mediated Th2 Immune Polarization Promotes Metastasis in Luminal Breast Cancer (2015)

The tumor-promoting chemokine CCL5 has been implicated in malignant transformation of breast epithelial cells, with studies to date focusing mainly on basal-type breast cancers. In this study, we investigated the consequences of CCL5 deletion in the MMTV-PyMT transgenic mouse model of luminal breast cancer. In this model, primary tumor burden and pulmonary metastases were reduced significantly in CCL5-deficient subjects, an effect found to be associated with a deficit of Th2 (IL4⁺CD4⁺ T) cells. Mechanistic investigations revealed that CCL5 activates CCR3, a highly expressed chemokine receptor on CD4⁺ T cells, and also boosts Gfi1 expression to promote the differentiation of Th2 cells, which enhance the prometastatic activity of tumor-associated myeloid cells. Clinically, polarization toward this immunosuppressive Th2 phenotype was also evident in patients with advanced luminal breast cancer. Thus, our findings showed that CCL5/CCR3 signaling promotes metastasis by inducing Th2 polarization of CD4⁺ T cells, with implications for prognosis and immunotherapy of luminal breast cancer.
Synthesis and Characterization of New Organometallic Benzo[b]thiophene Derivatives with Potential Antitumor Properties (2009)

The incorporation of organometallic moieties into the structure of known active drugs to improve their therapeutic properties has gained considerable interest in recent years. The benzo[b]thiophene derivative raloxifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that has been found to decrease breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women compared to placebo. The current data suggest that, in the postmenopausal setting, raloxifene may have the benefits of the widely used tamoxifen with fewer side effects. As part of a program designed toward the synthesis and biological screening of organometallic benzo[b]thiophene derivatives inspired by the structure of raloxifene, we have prepared a series of 2-benzoyl-3-ferrocenylbenzo[b]thiophenes where the benzoyl substituent contains terminal tertiary alkylamino groups, expected to ensure affinity to the estrogen receptor. The synthetic strategy and full characterization (NMR, MS, X-ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry) of the new ferrocenylbenzo[b]thiophenes is reported herein. Moreover, the new 2-benzoyl-3-ferrocenylbenzo[b]thiophene derivatives were tested for their cytotoxic properties against several human tumor cell lines. All the test compounds showed considerable cytotoxic activity; among these, [3-ferrocenyl-6-methoxybenzo[b]thiophen-2-yl][4-(piperazin-1-yl)methylphenyl]methanone (compound 13) is of note, showing IC50 values in the low-micromolar range and more than 1 order of magnitude lower than those of the reference compound, cisplatin. In addition, chemosensitivity tests on resistant phenotypes indicated that compound 13 elicited no cross-resistance with cisplatin, besides not being a potential multidrug-resistant (MDR) substrate. Moreover, caspase-3 activation analyses revealed that 13 induced a caspase-3-dependent apoptotic cell-death mechanism. Taken together, these data suggest that the new 2-benzoyl-3-ferrocenylbenzo[b]thiophenes, in particular compound 13, have potentially useful antitumor properties.
Preparation of Polymer‐protected Pt/Co Bimetallic Colloid and its Catalytic Properties in Selective Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde to Cinnamyl Alcohol (1996)

A polymer-protected Pt/Co bimetallic colloid with a molar ratio of 3:1 has been prepared by a polyol process. Over the above Pt/Co bimetallic colloid catalyst, cinnamaldehyde can be selectively hydrogenated to cinnamyl alcohol with 99.8% selectivity at 96.2% conversion.
Joint Source-Channel Coding for Quasi-Static Fading Channels with Quantized Feedback (2007)

We consider the transmission of a Gaussian source over a single-input multiple-output (SIMO) quasi-static fading channel. The goal is to minimize the expected distortion of the reconstructed signal at the receiver. We consider a delay-limited scenario where channel coding is restricted to a single realization of the channel. Channel state information (CSI) is assumed to be known perfectly at the receiver, and a zero-delay, noiseless, fixed-rate feedback link provides a quantized version of the CSI to the transmitter. An upper bound on the performance is derived and it is shown that for practical values of the channel signal to noise ratio (SNR), this bound can be achieved with a very limited knowledge of the channel quality. We show that unlike the rate maximization problems, temporal power adaptation at the transmitter provides significant gains, and the amount of the gain heavily depends on the bandwidth expansion ratio. For asymptotically high SNRs, we derive the distortion exponent of the system, defined as the slope of the expected distortion with respect to the channel SNR. We show that the distortion exponent of limited feedback is equivalent to that of superposition coding without feedback, so long as the number of quantization levels in the feedback scheme is equal to the number of the layers in the superposition coding scheme. For the finite-SNR regime, we propose an optimal and efficient numerical technique to design the feedback scheme. Numerical results for a Rayleigh fading channel are also presented.
Influence of Fuel Aromatics Type on the Particulate Matter and NO<sub>x</sub> Emissions of a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine (2000)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The influence of fuel aromatics type on the particulate matter (PM) and NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; exhaust emissions of a heavy-duty, single-cylinder, DI diesel engine was investigated. Eight fuels were blended from conventional and oil sands crude oil sources to form five fuel pairs with similar densities but with different poly-aromatic (1.6 to 14.6%) or total aromatic (14.3 to 39.0%) levels. The engine was tuned to meet the U.S. EPA 1994 emission standards. An eight-mode, steady-state simulation of the U.S. EPA heavy-duty transient test procedure was followed.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The experimental results show that there were no statistically significant differences in the PM and NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; emissions of the five fuel pairs after removing the fuel sulphur content effect on PM emissions. However, there was a definite trend towards higher NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; emissions as the fuel density, poly-aromatic and total aromatic levels of the test fuels increased.&lt;/div&gt;
Distributed and Cooperative Control for Swarming Munitions (2021)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-0972.vid Distributed and cooperative control autonomous architectures in guided munitions are important to the military for the delivery of lethality to multiple or distributed targets with minimal cost and collateral damage. Traditional technologies involve GPS and single flights which are limited to stationary targets and by GPS feedback availability. A smooth, distributed formation control architecture is analyzed for convergence within the desired range-to-go. Only some of the collaborative munitions have information regarding the position of the target while others only have local, intra-swarm information. Convergence is shown using Lyapunov stability analysis. An example simulation is shown for a swarm of six munitions. The contribution of this paper is the inclusion of dynamics in this unique environment of collaborative, swarming munitions, the distributed control architecture and requirements for convergence in the Lyapunov sense.
MCNPX 2.7.0 extensions (2011)

Abstract Not Provided