gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spin-lattice relaxation parameters in the quantitative determination of condensed aromatic compounds by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpin-lattice relaxation parameters in the quantitative determination of condensed aromatic compounds by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometryTerry D. Alger, Mark. Solum, David M. Grant, Geoffrey D. Silcox, and Ronald J. PugmireCite this: Anal. Chem. 1981, 53, 14, 2299–2304Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00237a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00237a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views51Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structural and Functional Aspects of Chaperonin-Mediated Protein Folding (1994)

INTRODUCTION 469CHAPERONIN MOLECULES 470Chaperonin 60 471Chaperonin 10 472Cytosolic T-Complex Polypeptide-1 Related Chaperonins 473MECHANISM OF CHAPERONIN ACTION IN FACILITATING PROTEINFOLDING 475ATPase Activity 475ATP-Dependent Association of cpnlO with cpn60 479Binding ~l Polypeptides to Chaperonins 480Release of Polypeptides from Chaperonins 483
A model for the temperature-dependent interactions in uncharged droplet microemulsions (1997)

Microemulsions consisting of uncharged droplets generally behave as hard spheres at the solubilisation phase boundary (SPB) where the actual droplet size is close to the preferred droplet size. As the temperature is changed to move inside the one-phase microemulsion region, experimental data suggest that the droplets may either grow or cluster together due to increasing interdroplet attraction. We present a model in which it is assumed that droplet growth is absent and that the temperature dependence of the interdroplet interactions arises primarily from the energy associated with bending the stabilising surfactant monolayer. At temperatures close to the SPB, the actual curvature of the monolayer coating the droplets is close to its preferred value and the energy required to deform the interface is high, with the result that the droplets behave as hard spheres. Away from the SPB, where the actual monolayer curvature becomes higher than the preferred value, the energy required for deformation decreases and the droplets behave as ‘soft’ spheres. This results in an apparent increase in attractive interactions between the droplets. The model shows reasonable agreement with experimental turbidity data for uncharged microemulsions.
Field-Induced Formation of Nanometer-Sized Water Bridges (2003)

A method to form and manipulate the properties of nanometer-size liquid bridges by an external electric field is discussed. The properties of bridges are shown to be the result of an interplay among the field-induced polarization of the water layer adsorbed on the surface, the surface energy, and the water condensation from the humid air. For a given tip-sample separation, a simple model predicts the existence of a threshold voltage V(th) to form the bridge in full agreement with experiments.
Development of cyclosporine A microemulsion for parenteral delivery (2015)

The goal of this study was to develop a parenteral microemulsion formulation of cyclosporine A (CyA). The CyA solubility in caprylic capric triglyceride (GTCC), ethyl oleate and soybean oil were determined. The pseudo-ternary diagrams of oil (GTCC), surfactant (Solutol® HS-15), cosurfactants (ethanol/polyethylene glycol 400 [PEG 400] mixture) and water were constructed to identify boundaries for microemulsion existence. The CyA was added at 3, 6 and 9% w/w to the optimal microemulsion composition. Microemulsion particle size, solution viscosity and conductivity were examined. The microemulsion stability and haemolytic potential were examined after dilution in 5% dextrose solution for injection to 1 mg/mL CyA. Microemulsion stability was examined after a three-month storage at 4 and 25 °C. The GTCC was selected as an oil phase for CyA microemulsion based on solubility results. The optimum CyA microemulsion formulation consisted of 2.5% CyA, 9% GTCC, 24% Solutol® HS 15, 8% PEG 400, 4% ethanol and 52.5% water based on weight percent. The average particle sizes of the optimized blank and drug-loaded microemulsions were 68.7 nm and 71.6 nm, respectively and remained unchanged upon 25-fold dextrose dilution. The results of microemulsion physical and CyA chemical were confirmed by a three-month stability study at 4 and 25 °C. In vitro haemolysis studies indicated that CyA microemulsions were well tolerated by erythrocytes. The novel microemulsion formulation of CyA was developed that is suitable for parenteral administration. This new formulation could potentially have less vehicle-associated side effects that current commercial formulation of CyA based on Cremophor® EL and ethanol solution.
Unmanned Aircraft Collision Detection and Avoidance for Dealing with Multiple Hazards (2022)

Collision Detection and Avoidance is one of the critical technologies for fully allowing Unmanned Aerial Systems to fly in civil airspaces. Current methods evaluate only potential conflicts with other aircraft using specific parameters (e.g., time or distance to closest point of approach) that can only be used for pair-wise encounters, not considering the surrounding environment. The present work proposes a new Collision Detection and Avoidance concept to solve short-term conflicts in scenarios characterized by the simultaneous presence of aircraft and other path constraints (i.e., no-fly zones, bad weather areas and terrain) including geo-fencing limitations. Differently from other open literature methods, the proposed algorithm computes two parameters that synthetically describe the conflict hazard level of a given scenario and its possible evolution, independently from the type and the number of surrounding potential threats. Using such indices, a risk evaluation strategy is proposed that detects hazardous situations and generates an optimal maneuver avoiding potential collisions while not causing secondary conflicts. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by means of fast-time and real time simulations in some challenging conflict scenarios that cannot be solved by state of the art Detect and Avoid systems.
Ionic Control of Functional Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-Based Membrane for Tailoring Selectivity toward Target Ions (2022)

Ion exchange membranes with strong ionic separation performance have strategic importance for resource recovery and water purification, but the current state-of-the-art membranes suffer from inadequate ion selective transport for the target ions. This work proposes a new class of zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)-based anion exchange membranes (named as S@ZIF-AMX) with suppressed multivalent anion mobility and enhanced target ion transport via an ionic control strategy under alternating current driven assembly. In electrodialysis with an initial concentration of 50 mM of NaBr, NaCl, Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, and Na<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> (mixed feed) and a current density of 10 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>, the S@ZIF-AMX membrane demonstrated an excellent transport of the target ion (Cl<sup>-</sup>) based on the synergy between the Cl<sup>-</sup> regulated ZIF cavity and the electrostatic interaction with sulfonic groups. The separation efficiency and permselectivity of PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup> through S@ZIF-AMX largely increased to 83% and 32, respectively, compared to 42% and 4.0 of the pristine AMX membrane (a commercial anion exchange membrane), respectively. Furthermore, the separation between SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> and Cl<sup>-</sup> was also enhanced, the separation efficiency and permselectivity of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup> increased from 11% and 1.4 to 45% and 4.3, respectively. In addition, the combined strategy developed in the S@ZIF-AMX membrane was proven effective in promoting Cl<sup>-</sup> transport by shifting the separation equilibrium of the ion pair Br<sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup>, which is known to be extremely challenging. This work provides a new design strategy toward pushing the limits of current ion exchange membranes for target ion separation in water, resource, and energy applications.
Generating Synthetic Labeled Data From Existing Anatomical Models: An Example With Echocardiography Segmentation (2021)

Deep learning can bring time savings and increased reproducibility to medical image analysis. However, acquiring training data is challenging due to the time-intensive nature of labeling and high inter-observer variability in annotations. Rather than labeling images, in this work we propose an alternative pipeline where images are generated from existing high-quality annotations using generative adversarial networks (GANs). Annotations are derived automatically from previously built anatomical models and are transformed into realistic synthetic ultrasound images with paired labels using a CycleGAN. We demonstrate the pipeline by generating synthetic 2D echocardiography images to compare with existing deep learning ultrasound segmentation datasets. A convolutional neural network is trained to segment the left ventricle and left atrium using only synthetic images. Networks trained with synthetic images were extensively tested on four different unseen datasets of real images with median Dice scores of 91, 90, 88, and 87 for left ventricle segmentation. These results match or are better than inter-observer results measured on real ultrasound datasets and are comparable to a network trained on a separate set of real images. Results demonstrate the images produced can effectively be used in place of real data for training. The proposed pipeline opens the door for automatic generation of training data for many tasks in medical imaging as the same process can be applied to other segmentation or landmark detection tasks in any modality. The source code and anatomical models are available to other researchers.<sup>1</sup> <sup>1</sup>https://adgilbert.github.io/data-generation/.
A "transformation" method for calculating the research and motor octane numbers of gasoline blends (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA "transformation" method for calculating the research and motor octane numbers of gasoline blendsMichael H. Rusin, Harold S. Chung, and John F. MarshallCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1981, 20, 3, 195–204Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i100003a003https://doi.org/10.1021/i100003a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views526Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The global distribution ofBanana bunchy top virusreveals little evidence for frequent recent, human-mediated long distance dispersal events (2015)

<i>Banana bunchy top virus</i> (BBTV; family Nanoviridae, genus <i>Babuvirus</i>) is a multi-component single-stranded DNA virus, which infects banana plants in many regions of the world, often resulting in large-scale crop losses. We analyzed 171 banana leaf samples from fourteen countries and recovered, cloned, and sequenced 855 complete BBTV components including ninety-four full genomes. Importantly, full genomes were determined from eight countries, where previously no full genomes were available (Samoa, Burundi, Republic of Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Indonesia, the Philippines, and the USA [HI]). Accounting for recombination and genome component reassortment, we examined the geographic structuring of global BBTV populations to reveal that BBTV likely originated in Southeast Asia, that the current global hotspots of BBTV diversity are Southeast Asia/Far East and India, and that BBTV populations circulating elsewhere in the world have all potentially originated from infrequent introductions. Most importantly, we find that rather than the current global BBTV distribution being due to increases in human-mediated movements of bananas over the past few decades, it is more consistent with a pattern of infrequent introductions of the virus to different parts of the world over the past 1,000 years.
Three-Dimensional Integration Technology Based on Wafer Bonding With Vertical Buried Interconnections (2006)

A three-dimensional (3-D) integration technology has been developed for the fabrication of a new 3-D shared-memory test chip. This 3-D technology is based on the wafer bonding and thinning method. Five key technologies for 3-D integration were developed, namely, the formation of vertical buried interconnections, metal microbump formations, stacked wafer thinning, wafer alignment, and wafer bonding. Deep trenches having a diameter of 2 mum and a depth of approximately 50 mum were formed in the silicon substrate using inductively coupled plasma etching to form vertical buried interconnections. These trenches were oxidized and filled with n+ polycrystalline silicon or tungsten. The 3-D devices and 3-D shared-memory test chips with three-stacked layers were fabricated by bonding the wafers with vertical buried interconnections after thinning. No characteristic degradation was observed in the fabricated 3-D devices. It was confirmed that fundamental memory operation and broadcast operation between the three memory layers could be successfully performed in the fabricated 3-D shared-memory test chip
High Accuracy 65nm OPC Verification:Full Process Window Model vs. Critical Failure ORC (2005)

It is becoming more and more difficult to ensure robust patterning after OPC due to the continuous reduction of layout dimensions and diminishing process windows associated with each successive lithographic generation. Lithographers must guarantee high imaging fidelity throughout the entire range of normal process variations. The techniques of Mask Rule Checking (MRC) and Optical Rule Checking (ORC) have become mandatory tools for ensuring that OPC delivers robust patterning. However the first method relies on geometrical checks and the second one is based on a model built at best process conditions. Thus those techniques do not have the ability to address all potential printing errors throughout the process window (PW). To address this issue, a technique known as Critical Failure ORC (CFORC) was introduced that uses optical parameters from aerial image simulations. In CFORC, a numerical model is used to correlate these optical parameters with experimental data taken throughout the process window to predict printing errors. This method has proven its efficiency for detecting potential printing issues through the entire process window [1]. However this analytical method is based on optical parameters extracted via an optical model built at single process conditions. It is reasonable to expect that a verification method involving optical models built from several points throughout PW would provide more accurate predictions of printing errors for complex features. To verify this approach, compact optical models similar to those used for standard OPC were built and calibrated with experimental data measured at the PW limits. This model is then applied to various test patterns to predict potential printing errors. In this paper, a comparison between these two approaches is presented for the poly layer at 65 nm node patterning. Examples of specific failure predictions obtained separately with the two techniques are compared with experimental results. The details of implementing these two techniques on full product layouts are also included in this study.
Research Evaluating the Long-Term Performance of SNF Interim Storage Containers. (2013)

Abstract not provided.
In-Depth Study of Coating Multimodal Porosity Using Ellipsometry Porosimetry in Desorption Scanning Mode (2019)

Ellipsometry porosimetry provides full adsorption/desorption isotherms and is among the most accurate techniques to probe porosity in thin films. Here we address a novel technique based on desorption scanning for a precise assessment of the porosity features revealing the size distribution of interconnections between the various populations of pores in the coatings. This investigation was performed on model (multimodal) mesoporous silica films prepared by evaporation-induced self-assembly in the presence of micellar templating agents, before and after pore network modification through chemical attack in NH4F. The systems were also analyzed by grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering to confirm the multimodal periodic organization and homogeneity of the porosity. Conventional pore-blocking effect could not explain by itself the unconventional behaviors observed in the desorption scans. We propose a new desorption mechanism, addressed as pore transit desorption, to justify the experimental features and provide a full description of the porous network complexity. Based on these, we discuss several model cases of porosities combining up to two populations of pores and three populations of interconnections. Overall, interpretations made in this work can be generalized and transposed to any mesoporous material.
In0.53Ga0.47As photodiodes with dark current limited by generation-recombination and tunneling (1980)

We report on low-dark-current IN0.53GA0.47As photodiodes in which generation-recombination current dominates diode leakage up to as high as 100 V. At higher voltages, tunneling currents become dominant, resulting in the soft breakdown characteristic widely observed in these materials. The dark current versus voltage characteristics have been fit to variations in current of over six orders of magnitude and a temperature range greater than 150 K using a theory which includes generation-recombination, tunneling, and shunt components.
Analysis of a memetic algorithm for global optimization in chemical process synthesis (2008)

Engineering optimization often deals with very large search spaces which are highly constrained by nonlinear equations that couple the continuous variables. In this contribution the development of a memetic algorithm (MA) for global optimization in the solution of a problem in the chemical process engineering domain is described. The combination of an evolutionary strategy and a local solver based on the general reduced gradient method enables the exploitation of a significant reduction in the search space and of the ability of local mathematical programming solvers to efficiently handle large continuous problems containing equality constraints. The global performance of the MA is improved by the exclusion of regions that are defined by approximations of the basins of attraction of the local optima. The MA is compared to the combination of a scatter search based multi-start heuristic using OQNLP and the local solver CONOPT.
X-Ray Diffraction data from Human Sestrin2, Leucine-bound, source of 5DJ4 structure (2017)

Native dataset
Analysis of Financial Time Series (2006)

Preface. Preface to First Edition. 1. Financial Time Series and Their Characteristics. 2. Linear Time Series Analysis and Its Applications. 3. Conditional Heteroscedastic Models. 4. Nonlinear Models and Their Applications. 5. High-Frequency Data Analysis and Market Microstructure. 6. Continuous-Time Models and Their Applications. 7. Extreme Values, Quantile Estimation, and Value at Risk. 8. Multivariate Time Series Analysis and Its Applications. 9. Principal Component Analysis and Factor Models. 10. Multivariate Volatility Models and Their Applications. 11. State-Space Models and Kalman Filter. 12. Markov Chain Monte Carlo Methods with Applications. Index.
Active-site mapping of a populus xyloglucan endo-transglycosylase with a library of xylogluco-oligosaccharides (2008)

International audience
Soft Tissue Reactions to Non‐Submerged Unloaded Titanium Implants in Beagle Dogs (1992)

The soft tissue reactions to non-submerged unloaded titanium implants were examined. A total of 24 implants were placed in 6 beagle dogs. The implants differed in their crestal area by having either a rough sandblasted, a fine sandblasted, or a polished surface. After 3 months, all implants were firmly anchored in the bone and had no clinical signs of peri-implant inflammation. Undecalcified histologic sections demonstrated that all implants achieved osseointegration with direct bone contact. The epithelial structures showed a peri-implant sulcus with a non-keratinized sulcular epithelium and a junctional epithelium. None of the sections exhibited epithelial downgrowth to the alveolar crest. In the supracrestal area, a direct connective tissue contact to the implant post was observed. An approximately 50 to 100 microns wide zone of dense circular fibers was found close to the implant surface. It was free of blood vessels and resembled closely an inflammation-free scar tissue formation. This zone was surrounded by a looser connective tissue with a 3-dimensional network of collagen fibers running in different directions. No significant differences concerning soft tissue reactions were found between the 3 implant surfaces. In particular, the length of direct connective tissue contact was similar. Concerning bone reactions, a significantly shorter distance from the top of the implant to the most coronal bone-implant contact was observed for rough surfaces. It is concluded that non-submerged unloaded titanium implants achieved a complication-free tissue integration with a dense connective tissue in direct contact to the implant surface in the supracrestal area, and epithelial structures similar to those around natural teeth. The different surface textures did not influence the healing pattern of the soft tissues, but had an influence on the location of the most coronal bone-implant contact.