gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low core losses and soft magnetic properties of Fe–Al–Ga–P–C–B–Si glassy alloy ribbons with large thicknesses (1999)

The structure, soft magnetic properties, and core losses were investigated for a Fe77Al2.14Ga0.86P8.4C5B4Si2.6 glassy alloy with a sheet thickness in a wide range from 30 to 240 μm prepared by the melt-spinning technique. The maximum thickness (tmax) for glass formation and the thermal stability (ΔTx) of the supercooled liquid region defined by the difference between the crystallization temperature (Tx) and the glass transition temperature (Tg) are about 220 μm and 35 K, respectively. The saturation magnetization (σs) of this glassy alloy is about 1.5 T. The effective permeability at 1 kHz is as high as 12 000 in a thickness of 30 μm and it maintains high values above 4400 up to a thickness of tmax. The coercive force is kept at a low level, under 3 A/m up to tmax. This glassy alloy also shows low core loss values of 0.1–0.3 W/kg at f=50 Hz and Bm=1.0 T in the thickness from 30 to 220 μm. On the other hand, a Fe78Si9B13 amorphous alloy shows almost the same low core losses as that of the glassy alloy only in a thickness of less than 70 μm. The difference between the dependence of the soft magnetic properties and the core loss on the thickness of these alloys should arise from their difference in ability of glass forming. The Fe–Al–Ga–P–C–B–Si glassy alloys should be very useful for inductive applications because of their thick ribbon shape and good soft magnetic properties in addition to low core loss.
Genetic organization of the Meiothermus ruber Hsp70/ClpB chaperone system (2008)

Chaperones are conservative proteins present in three kingdoms of life: bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes, with the main responsibility for assisted protein folding. Thermophilic organisms were also found to provide a complex cellular machinery of molecular chaperones. The question how thermophiles adapt could be addressed to the organization of the chaperone system also because chaperones must meet the general requirements that affect every enzymatic function at an elevated temperature. Despite the sequence homology of chaperones from thermophilic and mesophilic organisms, the organization of the hsp70 cluster differs. The clpB gene is not included into the hsp70 gene cluster of the moderately thermophilic bacterium Meiothermus ruber, but it was detected far away from the hsp70 operon. ClpB from M. ruber is the second chaperone of this family, identified in thermophilic organisms so far, and it shows a high sequence homology to the T. thermophilus protein. The internal translation site of M. ruber ClpB upon expression in E. coli cells results in full-length and truncated proteins.
Paradigms in the Poché (2019)

The identification of potential paradigmatic examples within the history of representation is a crucial responsibility for architectural pedagogy, as one of the primary manners in which new architects are disciplined into “the discipline” is through representation. To continue to preach specific mediations based on outmoded conventions betrays a conservatism ignorant to the continual development of […]
From quantitative microscopy to automated image understanding (2004)

Quantitative microscopy has been extensively used in biomedical research and has provided significant insights into structure and dynamics at the cell and tissue level. The entire procedure of quantitative microscopy is comprised of specimen preparation, light absorption/reflection/emission from the specimen, microscope optical processing, optical/electrical conversion by a camera or detector, and computational processing of digitized images. Although many of the latest digital signal processing techniques have been successfully applied to compress, restore, and register digital microscope images, automated approaches for recognition and understanding of complex subcellular patterns in light microscope images have been far less widely used. We describe a systematic approach for interpreting protein subcellular distributions using various sets of subcellular location features (SLF), in combination with supervised classification and unsupervised clustering methods. These methods can handle complex patterns in digital microscope images, and the features can be applied for other purposes such as objectively choosing a representative image from a collection and performing statistical comparisons of image sets.
Pitch Estimation in Noisy Speech Using Accumulated Peak Spectrum and Sparse Estimation Technique (2012)

Pitch estimation from acoustic signals is a fundamental problem in many areas of speech research. For noise-corrupted speech, reliable pitch estimation is difficult. This paper presents a study of pitch estimation in noisy speech based on robust temporal-spectral representation and sparse reconstruction. We propose to accumulate spectral peaks over consecutive time frames. Since harmonic structure of speech changes much more slowly than noise spectrum, spectral peaks related to pitch harmonics would stand out over the noise through the accumulation. Experimental results show that the accumulated peak spectrum is indeed a robust representation of pitch harmonics. Subsequently, the accumulated peak spectrum is expressed as a sparse linear combination of a large set of clean peak spectrum exemplars. Gaussian mixture density is used to model noise spectrum peaks. The weights of the linear combination are estimated so as to maximize the likelihood of the accumulated peak spectrum under sparsity constraint. Robust pitch estimation is done based on the sparse weights and the corresponding peak spectrum exemplars. The use of Gaussian mixture model leads to non-convexity of the objective function for sparse weight estimation. By approximation and reformulation, two convex optimization approaches are developed to estimate the weights. Extensive experimental studies are carried out to evaluate performance of the proposed pitch estimation algorithms on a wide variety of noise conditions. It is clearly shown that the proposed methods significantly and consistently outperform the conventional methods, particularly at very low signal-to-noise ratios (e.g., SNR <; -5 dB).
Antifungal properties of solanum alkaloids. (1987)

The antifungal activities of several solanum alkaloids and their derivatives were examined against a variety of fungal strains such as Candida albicans and Trichophyton spp. Solacongestidine (I) showed the strongest activity (minimum inhibitory concentration) against C. albicans (0.8 μg/ml), T. rubrum (0.4 μg/ml) and Cryptococcus albidus (0.78 μg/ml), and also showed lesser activities against a wide range of fungi. Solafloridine (II) and verazine (VII) showed activities against C. albicans (3.1 and 6.2 μg/ml, respectively) and T. rubrum (25 and 3.1 μg/ml, respectively), while other alkaloids such as solasodine (III), tomatidine (IV), tomatillidine (V) and solanocapsine (VI) and related compounds (VIII-XIX) showed much lower activities. Solacongestidine also prolonged the survival time of mice infected with C. albicans.
Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of Allyl Alcohols from Aldehydes and Alkenylboronic Acids. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
DLX-7 homeobox gene regulates c-myc and GATA-1 gene expression in different stages respectively. (1999)

Homeobox genes code for transcription factors with a highly conserved DNA binding motif, but their target genes are largely unknown. We have shown that inhibition of the DLX-7 homeobox gene by an antisense oligonucleotide decreased the expression of c-myc and GATA-1 genes. Nuclear run-on assay revealed decreased transcriptional activity of c-myc but not of GATA-1 after DLX-7 antisense treatment. Actinomycin D chase experiments demonstrated that GATA-1 mRNA became unstable as a result of DLX-7 inhibition, whereas c-myc mRNA stability was unaffected. These results suggest that DLX-7 may regulate c-myc and GATA-1 genes at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
The North American Midcontinent Rift beneath Lake Superior from Glimpce seismic reflection profiling (1989)

The Midcontinent rift system is a 1.1‐b.y.‐old structure extending from Kansas, through the Lake Superior region, and into southern Michigan. The rift is filled with thick sequences of basaltic volcanic rocks and clastic sediments. For most of its extent it is buried beneath Paleozoic rocks but can be traced by its strong gravity and magnetic anomalies. The rocks of the rift system are exposed only in the Lake Superior region and comprise the Keweenawan Supergroup. Much of the geology of the Keweenawan is beneath Lake Superior and has only been inferred from potential field studies and seismic refraction studies and extrapolation from on‐shore geology. Seismic reflection surveys by the Great Lakes International Multidisciplinary Program on Crustal Evolution in 1986 imaged much of the deep structure of the rift beneath the lake in detail. The reflection profiles across the rift reveal a deep, asymmetrical central graben whose existence and magnitude was not previously documented. They show that, in addition to crustal sagging documented by previous investigations, normal faulting played a major role in subsidence of the axial region of the rift. A sequence of volcanic and sedimentary rocks, in places greater than 30 km thick, fills the graben. Thinner volcanic and sedimentary units lie on broad flanks of the rift outside of the graben. Near the axis, the prerift crust is thinned to about one fourth of its original thickness, apparently by a combination of low‐angle extensional faulting and ductile stretching or distributed shear. The sense of asymmetry of the central graben changes along the trend of the rift, documenting the segmented nature of the structure and suggesting the existence of accommodation zones between the segments. The location of the accommodation zones is inferred from abrupt disruptions in the Bouguer gravity signature of the rift. Uplift of the central graben occurred when the original graben‐bounding normal faults were reactivated as high‐angle reverse faults with throws of 5 km or more in places. The Midcontinent rift has some striking similarities to some younger passive continental margins. We propose that it preserves a record of nearly complete continental separation which, had it not been arrested, would have created a Middle Proterozoic ocean basin.
Letters (2002)

Department of Biomedical Physics and Bioengineering University of Aberdeen Foresterhill, Aberdeen United Kingdom Department of Civil Engineering University of Calgary Calgary, Alberta Canada
A novel series of chemical structures active in vitro against the trypomastigote form of Trypanosoma cruzi (1984)

A rapid in vitro test system has shown that many drugs which possess a product licensed for use in man are also active at a concentration of less than 1mM against the blood forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. 62 of these are structurally related amphiphilic cationic drugs which completely lyse the trypomastigotes at 4 degrees C within 24 hr, yet most leave the erythrocytes intact. Three polyene and two anthracycline antibiotics were also found to be selectively trypanocidal under the same conditions.
Bone Tissue Response to Porous and Functionalized Titanium and Silica Based Coatings (2011)

BAG is highly osteogenic at a distance from the implant. The porous titanium coatings didn't stimulate bone regeneration but allowed bone growth into the pores. Although AMS didn't stimulate higher bone response, it has a potential of faster bone growth in the vicinity compared to further away from the surface. BIC-BAA data were inconclusive to understand the bone adaptation.
Shift Towards Pro-inflammatory Intestinal Bacteria Aggravates Acute Murine Colitis via Toll-like Receptors 2 and 4 (2007)

DSS-induced colitis is characterized by a shift in the intestinal microflora towards pro-inflammatory Gram-negative bacteria. Bacterial products exacerbate acute inflammation via TLR2- and TLR4-signaling and direct the recruitment of neutrophils and regulatory T-cells to intestinal sites. E. coli may serve as a biomarker for colitis severity and DSS-induced barrier damage seems to be a valuable model to further identify bacterial factors involved in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and to test therapeutic interventions based upon anti-TLR strategies.
Integration of glucoamylase gene from Aspergillus niger into Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome and its stable expression. (1995)

Starch digestible delta-integrants were constructed by integrative transformation of a linear YIP plasmid carrying Aspergillus niger glucoamylase cDNA under the control of the MF alpha 1 promoter and its prepro signal and the delta sequence of the Ty element from yeast. The integration of glucoamylase cDNA into Saccharomyces cerevisiae was identified by Southern analysis. The secreted glucoamylase activity of integrants in the medium with soluble starch as a carbon source reached 2.5 u/ml. After ten times of successive transfers in a nonselective medium, the activity of secreted glucoamylase of integrant was approximately at its original level.
Missing feature speech recognition in a meeting situation with maximum SNR beamforming (2008)

Especially for tasks like automatic meeting transcription, it would be useful to automatically recognize speech also while multiple speakers are talking simultaneously. For this purpose, speech separation can be performed, for example by using maximum SNR beamforming. However, even when good interferer suppression is attained, the interfering speech will still be recognizable during those intervals, where the target speaker is silent. In order to avoid the consequential insertion errors, a new soft masking scheme is proposed, which works in the time domain by inducing a large damping on those temporal periods, where the observed direction of arrival does not correspond to that of the target speaker. Even though the masking scheme is aggressive, by means of missing feature recognition the recognition accuracy can be improved significantly, with relative error reductions in the order of 60% compared to maximum SNR beamforming alone, and it is successful also for three simultaneously active speakers. Results are reported based on the SOLON speech recognizer, NTT’s large vocabulary system [1], which is applied here for the recognition of artificially mixed data using real-room impulse responses and the entire clean test set of the Aurora 2 database.
A statistically based system for prioritizing information exploration under uncertainty (1997)

This paper examines the problem of prioritizing actions under uncertainty. Our motivating applications come from the domain of data mining. Data mining problems present the user with a huge collection of individual items (e.g., abstracts, medical histories, and computer users' command histories) and require that these items be prioritized according to which should be pursued thoroughly. More precisely, each data item is assumed to be generated by one of two processes: A large majority of the data comes from a common, mundane process and a very small fraction comes from a rare, phenomenon process. The problem is to rank the information so as to optimally direct the user in his or her pursuit of the data items that were generated by the phenomenon process. Our previous work has developed the theoretical foundations of the information prioritization problem. The current paper summarizes these foundations, derives new theoretical results, and details initial experimental results of a prioritization system based on the theory. We focus here on feature selection techniques and the method of model surrogates, each tailored to the classes of prioritization applications of greatest current interest. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of the techniques and motivate further research to improve the existing system.
Development of an IP-Free Biotechnology Platform for Constitutive Production of HPV16 L1 Capsid Protein Using thePichia pastoris PGK1Promoter (2015)

The human papillomavirus (HPV) L1 major capsid protein, which forms the basis of the currently available vaccines against cervical cancer, self-assembles into virus-like particles (VLPs) when expressed heterologously. We report the development of a biotechnology platform for HPV16 L1 protein expression based on the constitutive PGK1 promoter (PPGK1) from the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. The L1 gene was cloned under regulation of PPGK1 into pPGKΔ3 expression vector to achieve intracellular expression. In parallel, secretion of the L1 protein was obtained through the use of an alternative vector called pPGKΔ3α, in which a codon optimized α-factor signal sequence was inserted. We devised a work-flow based on the detection of the L1 protein by dot blot, colony blot, and western blot to classify the positive clones. Finally, intracellular HPV VLPs assembly was demonstrated for the first time in yeast cells. This study opens up perspectives for the establishment of an innovative platform for the production of HPV VLPs or other viral antigens for vaccination purposes, based on constitutive expression in P. pastoris.
Statistics of premixed flame cells (1991)

The statistics of random cellular patterns in premixed flames are analyzed. Agreement is found with a variety of topological relations previously found for other networks, namely, Lewis's law and Aboav's law. Despite the diverse underlying physics, flame cells are shown to share a broad class of geometric properties with other random networks---metal grains, soap foams, bioconvection, and Langmuir monolayers.
FAD/NADH Dependent Oxidoreductases: From Different Amino Acid Sequences to Similar Protein Shapes for Playing an Ancient Function (2019)

Flavoprotein oxidoreductases are members of a large protein family of specialized dehydrogenases, which include type II NADH dehydrogenase, pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductases, ferredoxin-NAD+ reductases, NADH oxidases, and NADH peroxidases, playing a crucial role in the metabolism of several prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Although several studies have been performed on single members or protein subgroups of flavoprotein oxidoreductases, a comprehensive analysis on structure-function relationships among the different members and subgroups of this great dehydrogenase family is still missing. Here, we present a structural comparative analysis showing that the investigated flavoprotein oxidoreductases have a highly similar overall structure, although the investigated dehydrogenases are quite different in functional annotations and global amino acid composition. The different functional annotation is ascribed to their participation in species-specific metabolic pathways based on the same biochemical reaction, i.e., the oxidation of specific cofactors, like NADH and FADH<sub>2</sub>. Notably, the performed comparative analysis sheds light on conserved sequence features that reflect very similar oxidation mechanisms, conserved among flavoprotein oxidoreductases belonging to phylogenetically distant species, as the bacterial type II NADH dehydrogenases and the mammalian apoptosis-inducing factor protein, until now retained as unique protein entities in <i>Bacteria/Fungi</i> or <i>Animals</i>, respectively. Furthermore, the presented computational analyses will allow consideration of FAD/NADH oxidoreductases as a possible target of new small molecules to be used as modulators of mitochondrial respiration for patients affected by rare diseases or cancer showing mitochondrial dysfunction, or antibiotics for treating bacterial/fungal/protista infections.
Contribution à la Mesure Précise de la Microdureté Vickers et son Application sur le (1965)

Les résultats de microdureté se sont utilisés de temps en temps pour expliquer les phénomènes physiques qui existent dans les métaux. Cependant, dans l'essai de microdureté, les valeurs obtenus donnent la dispersion assez importante. Par consequent, pour constater la significativite des faibles phénoménes, on doit prendre les précautions soigneuses sur les measures de microdureté.Pour ce point de vue, on a réalisé les améliorations suivantes sur l'essai de microdureté;(1) utilisation des éprouvettes monocristallines du fer pur pour avoir l'homogénéite maximum de l'éprouvette et éviter les influences de précipitation des impuretés et de joint de grains;(2) affaiblissement de la vitesse de la charge jusqu'à 50μ/s pour éviter l'augmentation de la dimension d'impreinte par l'inertie de sa vitesse;(3) améliorations de la méthode de mesure de l'impreinte. Par ces améliorations réalisées, on a pu restreindre la dispersion des valeurs obtenus à ± 1, 2 Hv sous les conditions de la charge de 100g et de la vitesse de 50μ/s.Avec cet avantage, on a confirmé le phénomène d'adoucissement de microdureté du fer pur monocristalline au cours de vieillissement en ambiante qui s'existe immediatement après trempe à l'eau de la température comprise entre 500 et 700°C.
Chemical bonding states and solar selective characteristics of unbalanced magnetron sputtered TixM1−x−yNyfilms (2016)

Transition metal nitride Ti<sub>x</sub>M<sub>1−x−y</sub>N<sub>y</sub>(M = Al or AlSi) based thin films are evaluated as solar selective surfaces by correlating their spectral selective features with their crystal structure and chemical bonding state including mechanical strength.
Influence of laminin-2 on Schwann cell-axon interactions (2000)

The dy/dy mouse suffers from a form of muscular dystrophy caused by a substantial reduction in laminin alpha2-chain protein, a major component of both muscle and Schwann cell basal laminae. This article examines the effect of laminin alpha2 deficiency on Schwann cell-axon interactions both in vivo at varying intervals after nerve crush, and in vitro, in cocultures of neurons and Schwann cells. The morphological spectrum of aberrant Schwann cell-axon associations seen in uncrushed dy/dy sciatic nerves was recapitulated during regeneration: myelination of regenerating axons was delayed compared with the process in unaffected mice and the relatively few myelin sheaths which were formed in dy/dy distal nerve stumps were often uncompacted. In vitro, Schwann cells dissociated from adult dy/dy sciatic nerves predictably failed to express detectable laminin alpha2-chain and displayed an unusual multipolar morphology. Branching of neurites, in terms both of numbers of terminal branches and of complexity of branching, from dorsal root ganglia neurons grown on dy/dy Schwann cells, was significantly less extensive than that seen when neurons were cocultured with Schwann cells from unaffected littermates, but this effect was reversed by exogenous laminin-2. Our results lend strong support to the view that laminin-2 is essential for establishing and/or maintaining Schwann cell-axon interactions, in normal and in regenerating nerves.