gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New reconstruction algorithm, distance dependent exact, with reduced statistical &#x03B1; error, dedicated to emission tomography using a collimator with large and long holes (2010)

SPECT (single photon emission computerized tomography) is physically one of the worst medical imaging modalities. Despite a considerable and still increasing medical impact, its spatial resolution (beyond 1 cm) and its sensitivity (less than 10(-4)) are both awful. This situation is mainly due to the use of a thin parallel hole collimator. In addition the application of the unfitted radon-transform worsens the figure.
Field-based development of an information support robot for persons with dementia (2012)

Background: The use of robots for providing support to persons with dementia is very promising. However, it is difficult to develop a truly useful robot system because of the difficulty of clarifying their needs and opinions. Objective: Because a fie
ASME Development of Risk-Based Inspection Guidelines for Nuclear Power Plants (1992)

A methodology has been developed for use in preparing guidelines for the in-service inspection of nuclear power plant pressure boundary and structural components. This methodology is a further development of a general methodology previously published by the task force for application to any industry. It is unique in that it utilizes probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) information to improve the quantification of risks associated with component ruptures. A procedure has also been recommended for using the resulting quantified risk estimates to determine target component rupture probability values to be maintained by inspection activities. Characteristics which an inspection strategy must possess in order to maintain target rupture probabilities are being determined by structural risk and reliability analysis (SRRA) calculations. The major features of this methodology are described in this paper, and example applications are briefly discussed. Plans for additional work in developing and applying the methodology are described.
Voltage-driven permeability variations at microwave frequencies of a thin ferromagnetic layer deposited on a piezoelectric ceramic substrate (2008)

International audience
A New Bit-Line-Controlled Self-Convergent Multilevel AND-Type Flash Memory (2000)

In this paper, we propose a new programming technique for multilevel AND-type flash memory. It achieves multiple programmed states through a bit-line-controlled self-convergent operation. Experimental results demonstrate superior capability of tightening threshold voltage distribution and significant improvement in endurance characteristics. Excellent immunity to program disturbance is also demonstrated.
A Follow-Up Study of a First-Year Leadership and Service Learning Module (2020)

Abstract The Impact of a First-Year Leadership and Service Learning Module: A Follow-up StudyProfessional skills – proficiencies such as leadership, teamwork and communication – are oftenunderemphasized and even neglected in engineering programs. Team-based service learning anddesign projects are pedagogical methods that nurture these skills. Moreover, service learning hasthe potential to attract and retain women in engineering.A five-week module focusing on leadership and service learning was implemented as part of afirst-year engineering course in 2011. This module presented mechanisms for developingprofessional skills and provided hands-on application of these skills through a K-12 servicelearning project at a science museum. The other modules offered in the course emphasizedtraditional engineering topics. This longitudinal study focuses on the impact of the non-traditional leadership module on its students as they enter their third year in engineering.Our previous study demonstrated that incorporating leadership studies into a freshman-levelengineering course correlated with increased confidence in students’ abilities, which couldpositively impact retention. Twenty-four students from both leadership and non-leadershipmodules were assessed over one year later using the same online survey based on ABET/NAEcriteria with additional open-ended questions. Follow-up data reveal that alumni of theleadership module further increased their confidence in communication, analytic, andleadership/management skills, and are generally more aware of the role of leadership inengineering. Qualitative comments show these students felt they gained influential earlyexposure to what a successful engineer needs: applicable and practical skills, teamwork, projectmanagement, communication, and problem solving, consistent with our earlier findings. Manycontinued to take on leadership roles in extracurricular activities, internships, and class projects,including one who is a founding member of Design for America at the university.Our continued collection of survey data from a one-year follow-up evaluates the long-termeffects of leadership on students’ confidence in both academics and industry.
Beauty and the Beast—Nonlinear Optical Propagation in Fibers (2000)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. Yariv, "Beauty and the Beast—Nonlinear Optical Propagation in Fibers," in Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals and Applications, T. Li, ed., Vol. 46 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics (Optica Publishing Group, 2000), paper SuA1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Dynamics of Explosions in Cylindrical Vented Enclosures: Validation of a Computational Model by Experiments (2021)

Recent explosions with devastating consequences have re-emphasized the relevance of fire safety and explosion research. From earlier works, the severity of the explosion has been said to depend on various factors such as the ignition location, type of a combustible mixture, enclosure configuration, and equivalence ratio. Explosion venting has been proposed as a safety measure in curbing explosion impact, and the design of safety vent requires a deep understanding of the explosion phenomenon. To address this, the Explosion Venting Analyzer (EVA)—a mathematical model predicting the maximum overpressure and characterizing the explosion in an enclosure—has been recently developed and coded (Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 99 (2016) 167). The present work is devoted to methane explosions because the natural gas—a common fossil fuel used for various domestic, commercial, and industrial purposes—has methane as its major constituent. Specifically, the dynamics of methane-air explosion in vented cylindrical enclosures is scrutinized, computationally and experimentally, such that the accuracy of the EVA predictions is validated by the experiments, with the Cantera package integrated into the EVA to identify the flame speeds. The EVA results for the rear-ignited vented methane-air explosion show good agreement with the experimental results.
Er 3 + -doped BaY2F8 crystal waveguides for broadband optical amplification at 1.5μm (2007)

Integrated waveguide amplifiers based on high concentration Er3+ doped BaY2F8 crystals are numerically studied by combining a full-vectorial finite element based modal analysis and propagation-rate equations. Using realistic input data, such as the absorption/emission cross sections and Er level lifetimes measured on grown crystal samples, we investigate the amplifier performance by optimizing the total Er concentration. We predict optimum gain coefficient up to 5dB∕cm and broad amplification bandwidth exceeding 80nm with 1480nm pumping.
Role of dopamine receptors in the kidney in the regulation of blood pressure (2002)

Regulation by dopamine of cardiovascular function, renal function and systemic blood pressure regulation is multifaceted. Each of the five dopamine receptor subtypes participates in the regulation of blood pressure by mechanisms specific for the subtype. Some receptors regulate blood pressure by influencing the central or peripheral nervous system; others influence epithelial transport and regulate the secretion and receptors of several humoral agents. The D1, D3, and D4 receptors interact with the renin-angiotensin system, while the D2 and D5 receptors interact with the sympathetic nervous system to regulate blood pressure.
Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of the Mechanisms of the Interaction of Terahertz Radiation with Neurons (2019)

International audience
The effects of low concentrations of the enantiomers of mushroom alcohol (1-octen-3-ol) onArabidopsis thaliana (2014)

"Mushroom alcohol," or 1-octen-3-ol, is a common fungal volatile organic compound (VOC) that has been studied for its flavor properties, its effects on fungal spore germination, mushroom development, and as a signaling agent for insects. Far less is known about its effects on plants. We exposed <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> seeds, under conditions conducive to germination, to high (10 and 100 mg/1) and low concentrations (1, 2, and 3 mg/1) of racemic, <i>S</i>, and <i>R</i> forms of 1-octen-3-ol for 3 days. In addition, 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-week-old <i>A.</i><i>thaliana</i> plants also were exposed to 1 mg/1 of the compounds for the same period of time. Seedling formation was retarded with all tested levels of exposure to 1-octen-3-ol for both enantiomers and the racemer, while 95% of unexposed control seeds germinated to seedling within 3 days. There was a dose-dependent response in the reduction of seedling formation between 1 mg/1 and 3 mg/1 of exposure. When exposed seeds were removed from the VOC, nearly all resumed germination. Young plants exposed to 1 mg/1 of the <i>R</i> and <i>S</i> enantiomers of 1-octen-3-ol exhibited a mild inhibition of growth and chlorophyll production at 2 and 3 weeks but not at 4 weeks.
A High Resolution Scanning Microscope (1968)

A scanning microscope using a field emission source has been described elsewhere. This microscope has now been improved by replacing the single magnetic lens with a high quality lens of the type described by Ruska. This lens has a focal length of 1 mm and a spherical aberration coefficient of 0.5 mm. The final spot size, and therefore the microscope resolution, is limited by the aberration of this lens to about 6 Å. The lens has been constructed very carefully, maintaining a tolerance of + 1 μ on all critical surfaces. The gun is prealigned on the lens to form a compact unit. The only mechanical adjustments are those which control the specimen and the tip positions. The microscope can be used in two modes. With the lens off and the gun focused on the specimen, the resolution is 250 Å over an undistorted field of view of 2 mm. With the lens on,the resolution is 20 Å or better over a field of view of 40 microns. The magnification can be accurately varied by attenuating the raster current.
Therapeutic efficacy of IL‐2‐loaded hydrogels in a mouse tumor model (2001)

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a highly effective anticancer drug if it is applied locally for 5 consecutive days. In most cases this requires 5 invasive treatments, which is not usually acceptable for either the patient or the clinician. For this reason we have developed dextran-based hydrogels from which the required amount of encapsulated IL-2 (1-4 x 10(6) IU of IL-2) is gradually released during 5-10 days. Initially IL-2-containing macroscopic cylinder-shaped gels (implants), and later IL-2-containing injectable microspheres, were developed. These preparations were characterized in vitro, and the therapeutic activity was tested in DBA/2 mice with SL2 lymphosarcoma. The therapy was given to mice with a large and extensively metastasized tumor load (at least 5% of the body weight). If 1-4 x 10(6) IU of IL-2 was slowly released from the hydrogels over a period of 5-10 days, the therapeutic effects were very good and comparable to the effects of free IL-2 injections for 5 consecutive days. In conclusion, dextran-based hydrogels are promising systems for the controlled release of IL-2.
3D depth estimation for target region using optical flow and mean-shift algorithm (2008)

Tracking in the image is important to get information in many difference sides. Also, we can get more useful information using only image. However, 2D image isn’t enough for getting more information. The purpose of this study is realization the 3D virtual target and surround environment models using 3D locate information. In the image, it’s hard to distinguish between target and surround. Mean-Shift algorithm for target tracking sets ROI and indicates the target from surround. Subspace method and another method which uses optical flow and camera motion give 3D information. The same thing of both methods is that optical flow used for depth estimation. Subspace method uses residual function from least square method. In the other side, another method using region optical flow has formulas so easier to apply. This paper presents the first step of getting 3D locate information and also, paper includes comparing algorithms.
Recent advances on artificial intelligence and learning techniques in cognitive radio networks (2015)

Cognitive radios are expected to play a major role towards meeting the exploding traffic demand over wireless systems. A cognitive radio node senses the environment, analyzes the outdoor parameters, and then makes decisions for dynamic time-frequency-space resource allocation and management to improve the utilization of the radio spectrum. For efficient real-time process, the cognitive radio is usually combined with artificial intelligence and machine-learning techniques so that an adaptive and intelligent allocation is achieved. This paper firstly presents the cognitive radio networks, resources, objectives, constraints, and challenges. Then, it introduces artificial intelligence and machine-learning techniques and emphasizes the role of learning in cognitive radios. Then, a survey on the state-of-the-art of machine-learning techniques in cognitive radios is presented. The literature survey is organized based on different artificial intelligence techniques such as fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms, neural networks, game theory, reinforcement learning, support vector machine, case-based reasoning, entropy, Bayesian, Markov model, multi-agent systems, and artificial bee colony algorithm. This paper also discusses the cognitive radio implementation and the learning challenges foreseen in cognitive radio applications.
RTCA Airborne GPS Antenna Testing and Analysis for a New Antenna Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS) (2007)

During mid-year 2004, RTCA Special Committee SC159 established a working group (WG 7) to develop new airborne antenna Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS), at the time, primarily for the purpose of including the GPS L5 signal reception. The Terms of Reference for this new working group also included updating the existing L1 MOPS in order to close some deficiencies, especially for more demanding aviation applications such as Precision Approach. This included adding requirements such as limits on group delay variations that had not been specified in the earlier MOPS. It was determined that the working group should use measured performance of existing MOPS and ARINC 743 certified antennas as a guide for defining the new minimum performance standards as well as the performance of combined L1/L5 prototype antennas, and that this performance should be determined via article testing. Initially, prototype L1/L5 passive antennas, similar to existing L1/L2 antennas, were furnished by an antenna vendor and tested when mounted on the standard 4 foot diameter flat ground plane. Unfortunately, the antenna gain pattern performance did not meet expectations, even at the L1 frequency. Thinking that this may have been influenced by the dual patch L1/L5 design, L1-only passive antennas were procured from two different antenna vendors, and tested. They did not meet expectations, either. As a result, development of the L1/L5 MOPS was put on hold, and more emphasis was put on updating the L1 MOPS. More extensive antenna testing was conducted on existing antennas, especially those designed specifically for air-transport aircraft (ARINC 743). The intent was, if possible, to specify requirements consistent with the installed base so that existing antennas in most installations would not have to be replaced. Also, requirements were updated to support testing of active antennas and to support requirements for a new WAAS receiver MOPS. Approval of the new MOPS was obtained from RTCA Special Committee SC-159 in October 2006, and then approved for official publication by the RTCA Program Management Committee in December 2006. This paper presents the results of extensive L1 antenna testing and MOPS development for active L1 airborne antennas by RTCA SC159 Working Group 7. New rolled-edge ground planes are introduced for minimize edge scattering effects on gain pattern testing. To accommodate active antennas, the concepts of gain-tonoise temperature ratio (G/T) and relative minimum-tomaximum gain ratio are introduced, including requirements and test procedures/results, followed by a brief sensitivity analysis for using alternate G/T test procedures. New group delay requirements are also presented along with test verification of those requirements.
Extracellular vesicle-mediated export of fungal RNA (2015)

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in the biology of various organisms, including fungi, in which they are required for the trafficking of molecules across the cell wall. Fungal EVs contain a complex combination of macromolecules, including proteins, lipids and glycans. In this work, we aimed to describe and characterize RNA in EV preparations from the human pathogens Cryptococcus neoformans, Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis and Candida albicans, and from the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The EV RNA content consisted mostly of molecules less than 250 nt long and the reads obtained aligned with intergenic and intronic regions or specific positions within the mRNA. We identified 114 ncRNAs, among them, six small nucleolar (snoRNA), two small nuclear (snRNA), two ribosomal (rRNA) and one transfer (tRNA) common to all the species considered, together with 20 sequences with features consistent with miRNAs. We also observed some copurified mRNAs, as suggested by reads covering entire transcripts, including those involved in vesicle-mediated transport and metabolic pathways. We characterized for the first time RNA molecules present in EVs produced by fungi. Our results suggest that RNA-containing vesicles may be determinant for various biological processes, including cell communication and pathogenesis.
Gas-phase synthesis of hybrid nanostructured materials (2018)

Nanoparticles (NPs) of noble metals and their oxides, which have many applications in catalysis, electrocatalysis and photocatalysis, are frequently loaded onto metal oxide supports to enhance performance due to the presence of strong metal-metal oxide or metal oxide-metal oxide interactions. Here we present a flexible aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition (AACVD) method for constructing nanostructured thin films of noble metal (Au, Pt, Pd or Ru) and metal oxide (PdO or RuOx) NPs supported on 1D WO3 nanorod arrays. The size of the NPs (1.6 to 7.3 nm) is directly controlled by the deposition time (0.5 to 36 minutes).
Valve under the microscope: shining a light on emerging technologies elucidating disease mechanisms (2019)

Performing basic translational research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) pathogenesis is a critical step for the development of early intervention strategies. CAVD is a significant worldwide healthcare burden that is increased in ageing populations, and currently no therapies exist to delay or prevent its onset and progression. In their Heart paper, Gomez-Stallons et al histologically present the progression of calcification and associated matrix changes in tissues obtained from postmortem valves with no prior diagnosis of aortic valve stenosis (AS) and patients with AS.1 This is an important study that validates mineral and extracellular matrix composition changes accompanying CAVD progression.2 An intriguing finding was that valves without clinical AS from people over 50 years all had some form of calcification present. Clinically, only 5% of people over the age of 70 years experience CAVD that results in valvular dysfunction necessitating valve replacement. This raises a crucial unanswered question: what causes some people to develop AS while in others the disease does not progress past microcalcification? Future work that elucidates these early mechanisms will be the first step in developing targeted, precision-based medicine approaches that can identify, follow and treat high-risk patients. The findings of this research provide the initial support for more in-depth work that longitudinally studies clinical, molecular, genetic and haemodynamic properties in individuals at high risk for AS.

Future investigations should consider two important factors to help accelerate CAVD mechanistic discovery: terminology standardisation and optimised tissue utilisation. Standardised nomenclature of anatomical features and types of calcification is vital for facilitating cross-translational comparisons. Anatomically, human valve …
Unsaturated Hydraulic Properties of Non-woven Geotextile Based on Tilted Capillary Test (2012)

To evaluate the mechanism of hydraulic barrier system by using geotextile, more precise hydraulic properties of geotextile are needed. This paper describes the modification method based on capillary rise principle to obtain geotextile water retention curve. This method is mainly purposed to obtain more data to draw the curve in both drying and wetting process. Detail procedure will be explained and the result will be presented and verified using conventional method. Obtained geotextile water retention curve was used to evaluate one dimensional infiltration ponding in soil-geotextile columns as hydraulic barrier in unsaturated condition.
A voltage-controlled tunable distributed RC filter (1972)

A new type of voltage-controlled tunable distributed RC filter is described by the type metal-insulator-semiconductor-metal. Tuning is attained by field-effect control of the capacitance by a bias voltage, independently of the distributed resistance. Results are given for evaporated thin-film NiCr-Y/SUB 2/O/SUB 3/-CdS-Al filters, together with illustrative applications to tunable RF networks.
Sagittaria latifolia Willd. (2005)

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/herbarium_specimens_byname/11191/thumbnail.jpg
A shapeable, ultra-stretchable rubber strain sensor based on carbon nanotubes and Ag flakes via melt-mixing process (2021)

Promoting the detection range, durability, and shapeable manufacturing of flexible strain sensors is essential to broaden their applications. Therefore, in this study, styrene ethylene butylene styrene (SEBS) rubber as a flexible material and a melt-mixing molding method are adopted to design an ultra-flexible strain sensor. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are added to form a conductive network, and the effect of Ag flakes on improving the sensor performance is studied. The experiment results exhibit good strain-resistance dependent characteristics of the obtained sensor, which demonstrates an excellent sensing range of about 540% with a gauge factor (GF) of 5.197. The good hydrophobicity (water contact angle ≈120.4°), repeatable characteristics at different rates, strain-dependence and long-term recycling of the sensor are demonstrated as well. Finally, the fabricated round bracelet sensor is applied to detect different cross-sections, the movement of human joints, balloon inflation, bottle cap sealing and numerous other aspects.