gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Calorimetric study on the solubilization of butanol by alkylphosphate and alkylphosphate-lecithin systems (1993)

Microcalorimetric studies on alkylphosphate-butanol and alkylphosphate-butanol-lecithin systems were carried out as a first step to study the role of butanol (used as cosurfactant) in the formation of microemulsions. The enthalpy of solubilization; delta H, of the same amount of butanol (1.806 mol kg-1) in aqueous sodium monoalkyl-phosphates, with a hydrocarbon chain varying from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, was investigated as a function of alkylphosphate concentration. Measurements were performed in the presence and in the absence of lecithin. The enthalpy values measured upon addition of butanol to the mixtures were negative in all cases. Below the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the alkylphosphates, the heats of butanol dissolution were found to decrease upon increasing the concentration of the alkylphosphate. This behaviour was related to the dissolution of butanol in water and to the formation of mixed butanol-alkylphosphate and butanol-alkylphosphate-lecithin micelles. Above the CMC essentially constant delta H values were found. The delta H measured may be the sum of simultaneous effects--heat of alcohol dissolution and the simple alkylphosphate micelle dissociation or alkylphosphate-lecithin mixed aggregate dissociation and the heat of mixed micelle formation. The delta H at the plateaus were linearly related to the corresponding CMC values of the alkylphosphates.
Determination of the Electron Beam Parameters for a 4-MV Biological X-ray Irradiator (2020)

In this study, low-energy electron linear accelerators (LINACs) were proposed for applications in biological studies to replace the gamma-ray irradiators. An important parameter in biological research involves the precise dose delivery to the biological sample at an appropriate dose rate, so the beam parameters of the LINACs should be determined so as to satisfy the required dose rate. A cost effective practical LINAC design can be achieved by using the determined beam parameters. Pulsed electron beam parameters, including the pulsed beam current, pulse width, and pulse frequency, as functions of the dose rate for irradiated X-rays were examined via the Monte Carlo N-Particle transport code. Optimum ranges for pulsed electron beams were evaluated to deliver a dose rate exceeding 4 Gy/min at a distance of 30 cm from the target.
Fat distribution, insulin resistance and serum adiponectin of older women with and without metabolic syndrome (2012)

This study assessed associations among dietary intakes, body fat distribution and serum biomarkers in 41 women aged &gt; 50 yrs with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS by International Diabetes Federation definition (IDF) was waist circumference ≥88cm with two additional factors: elevated blood pressure, triglycerides, or glucose; or decreased HDL‐cholesterol. Three‐day diet records and 24‐hr duplicate plates were collected. Dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans was used to estimate body fat distribution. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in diet and serum were measured with the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The MetS group had significantly higher serum insulin and adiponectin as well as higher homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA)‐β, HOMA‐IR, and android:gynoid ratio. TAC in serum and 24‐hr duplicate plate diet samples were not significantly different between control and MetS groups; however, dietary fiber intakes were positively associated with dietary vitamin C (p&lt;0.03). Total body fat, android fat, android:gynoid ratio, and serum adiponectin were significantly (p&lt;0.05) associated with insulin resistance in these older women. (Supported by Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, W2002).
Supplemental Table S1 from ERAP1-Dependent Antigen Cross-Presentation Determines Efficacy of Adoptive T-cell Therapy in Mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Numerical summary of tumor rejection experiments&lt;/p&gt;
Polyacetylenverbindungen, XXXIV. Über einen neuen Typ von Polyacetylenverbindungen aus verschiedenen Vertretern des Tribus Anthemideae L. (1961)

Abstract Die Isolierung von insgesamt elf neuen Polyacetylenverbindungen aus Matricaria‐ und Chrysanthemum‐Arten wird beschrieben. Die meisten Verbindungen leiten sich von einem bisher nicht bekannten heterocyclischen System ab. Während aus Matricaria matricarioides L. und Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L. nur C 13 ‐Verbindungen isoliert wurden, handelt es sich bei dem Polyin aus Tanacetum vulgare L. um eine C 14 ‐Verbindung.
An Intralaboratory Quality Control Program for Quantitation of CD34+ Cells by Flow Cytometry (1997)

This study was undertaken to develop a quality control protocol to monitor instrument, operator, and CD34 assay performance. A dual level control system was established by cryopreserving aliquots of cells from peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) collections exhibiting different percentages of CD34+ cells. Twenty-five samples from each control specimen were assayed to establish a control range (mean +/- 2 SD). Levey-Jennings graphs were prepared for each control specimen to plot multiple measurements of CD34%. No significant differences were observed between fresh or cryopreserved PBPC aliquots in terms of light scatter properties or CD34 antigen density within the gated cell population. Cryopreserved PBPC samples are ideal for serving as a positive methodology control for daily CD34 analysis. Furthermore, such a system can help identify problems with assay reagents, sample preparation technique, or incorrect data analysis.
Coupled Multiangle Light-Scattering and Viscosimetric Detectors for Size Exclusion Chromatography with Application to Polyelectrolyte Characterization (1996)

Theoretical and technical aspects of coupled multi-angle light scattering (MALLS), refractometric and viscosimetric detectors for SEC applications are considered. Absolute mass, radius of gyration and reduced viscosity distributions are obtained in this configuration, and an example application is made to characterizing water soluble polyelectrolytes. This characterization also includes illustrations of polymer form factors, interparticle structure factors, the failure of 'universal calibration', and a comparison of low angle light scattering (LALLS) and MALLS. Finally, a summary of sources of systematic and random errors is given, with estimates of the effects of each source on the characterization parameters.
Merging imagery and models for river current prediction (2011)

To meet the challenge of operating in river environments with denied access and to improve the riverine intelligence available to the warfighter, advanced high resolution river circulation models are combined with remote sensing feature extraction algorithms to produce a predictive capability for currents and water levels in rivers where <i>a priori</i> knowledge of the river environment is limited. A River Simulation Tool (RST) is developed to facilitate the rapid configuration of a river model. River geometry is extracted from the automated processing of available imagery while minimal user input is collected to complete the parameter and forcing specifications necessary to configure a river model. Contingencies within the RST accommodate missing data such as a lack of water depth information and allow for ensemble computations. Successful application of the RST to river environments is demonstrated for the Snohomish River, WA. Modeled currents compare favorably to in-situ currents reinforcing the value of the developed approach.
Reference Architecture for Blockchain-Native Distributed Information System (2023)

The blockchain paradigm and its application of Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) are now enabling technologies for the worldwide development of trustworthy and decentralized solutions. DLT offers enormous potential to accommodate the intricate architectural patterns of individual Distributed Information Systems (DIS). Despite its immense potential, the current research effort is not focused on deploying DLT inside the DIS area. We identified sixteen essential DIS Architectural Properties (APs) that offer issues for DIS system architects using Grounded Theory. Then, we assessed the capabilities of the major DLT platform and highlighted its prospects and limits with regard to supporting DIS APs. Using the meta-analysis research technique, we demonstrated that DLT might serve as a development platform for a blockchain-native DIS (BN-DIS) that enables design and development processes. A BN-DIS utilizes DLT infrastructure and blockchain design principles to expand internationally, support thousands of distributed nodes, and employ DIS APs unique to the Blockchain. Lastly, we give a case study illustrating how DLT handles DIS APs in a real-world context, giving empirical proof of the DLT’s efficacy in servicing DIS APs.
Modified Imidazolium Functionalized AEM and Investigation of Influences On the Conductivity (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Clinical and histological features of sporadic non-A, non-B hepatitis. (1984)

The incidence of hepatitis A (HA), hepatitis B (HB), and non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH) was 27%, 30% and 43% among 73 patients with sporadic hepatitis. Epidemiological data (geographical distribution, seasonal variation, age, sex, and occupation) were not distinguishing of the type of hepatitis. Neither intrafamilial infection nor previous contact with viral hepatitis patients could be demonstrated in the NANBH cases. Fever and jaundice were less frequent in NANBH than in HA. Maximum levels of SGPT, serum bilirubin, ZTT, and gamma-globulin were significantly lower in NANBH than in HA and HB. Ten of 29 NANBH patients (35%) presented abnormal SGPT activities for more than 6 months, and four (14%) more than 12 months. In the ten patients with prolonged courses, jaundice was more frequent and maximum levels of SGPT were higher than in patients with transient courses. Histopathologic findings were not markedly different from those of HA and HB. Bile duct damage, fatty deposition, and giant multi-nucleated cells were recognized in 6, 12, and 2 NANBH patients, respectively. There were no characteristic ultrastructural changes in NANBH.
3D-Printed Smartphone-Based Device for Label-Free Cell Separation (2017)

Aim: To assess several fabrication metrics of a 3D-printed smartphone-attachable continuous-flow magnetic focusing device for real-time separation and detection of different cell types based on their volumetric mass density in high-volume samples. Method: The smartphone apparatus has been designed and fabricated using three different 3D printing method. Several 3D printing metrics including cost, printing time, and resolution have been evaluated to propose a cost-efficient and high-performance platform for low-resource settings. Results: To apply the magnetic focusing technique on large sample volumes, a heterogeneous mixture of sample (e.g., containing blood cells and cancer cells) suspended in paramagnetic medium is pumped through a magnetic field at an optimum flow rate. The performance of the 3D-printed device has been investigated by demonstrating separation of microspheres, breast, lung, ovarian and prostate cancer cells mixed with blood cells. The separation distance of cancer and blood cells is around 100 μm, allowing the two cell types to be easily distinguished. Conclusion: This device could be useful for clinical centers in low-income countries where expensive infrastructure, equipment (e.g., FACS) and technical expertise are lacking. This device could ultimately be applied to rare cell separation and purification.
Selective Antimitotic Effects of Estramustine Correlate with Its Antimicrotubule Properties on Glioblastoma and Astrocytes (1994)

Estramustine is an estradiol-based agent that accumulates in cells containing estramustine binding protein. Previous studies have shown that this binding site is expressed in human glioblastoma cells and that estramustine accumulates in glioma cells, resulting in a concentration-dependent inhibition of proliferation. We have shown that estramustine treatment results in a rapid inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis (within 4 h) in human glioblastoma cells associated with an alteration of cell size and shape, consistent with its known antimicrotubule activity. To extend these findings, we performed an immunohistochemical analysis of microtubules with a monoclonal antibody to beta-tubulin, using a colorimetric assay with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide to measure the antimitotic effects of estramustine on both human glioblastoma and astrocyte cultures. Within 4 hours, estramustine (10 mumol/L) caused a dramatic alteration in the tubulin staining in glioma cells, characterized by a disorganization in microtubules. Cell shape and microtubule staining in astrocytes were relatively preserved. Estramustine had a concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect in tumor cultures, whereas it had no effect on astrocyte viability at any concentration. Differences in the antimitotic effects do not appear to be related to variations in proliferation rates among these different types of cells. These data suggest that although estramustine is a potent inhibitor of proliferation in glioblastoma cells, it has modest antiproliferative effects on astrocytes and its selective activity is closely correlated with its antimicrotubule properties.
Folded U-shaped microwire technology for ultra-compact 3D MMICs (2002)

A novel microwire technology has been developed to fabricate 3-dimensional structures for use in ultracompact GaAs MMICs. By folding metal into a U-shaped wall and burying it in a relatively thick polyimide insulator, vertical microwires can be made with both greatly reduced process complexity and process compatibility with multi-level interconnects. The proposed microwires are suitable for miniature transmission lines, miniature inductors, shielding walls, and multi-function passive elements like baluns and couplers.
Enhanced Multi-Target Tracking with Doppler Measurements (2007)

In many radar or sonar tracking systems, where the state of interest typically includes target position and velocity components, target Doppler measurements may be available in addition to the target position measurements. Using measurements of Doppler information directly in target trajectory estimation leads to a nonlinear filter implementation. In this paper we investigate the methods of using Doppler measurements to improve tracking performance while maintaining the tracker implementation in the linear domain. Two new methods, namely, the one point track initialisation and the Doppler data association are proposed. By applying these two methods on the linear multi-target integrated probabilistic data association algorithm (LMIPDA), we improve tracking performance in terms of reduced number of false tracks and computational load. The merits of the proposed approaches are demonstrated via an active sonar underwater multi-target tracking scenario.
Effect of High Pressure Treatment on the Ultrastructure and Myofibrillar Protein of Beef Skeletal Muscle (1990)

High hydrostatic pressures of 100 MPa to 300 MPa were applied to beef post-rigor muscle to investigate the efficiency of pressurization as a meat tenderizer.The fragmentation of myofibrils increased with increasing pressure applied to the muscle, and the degree of fragmentation reached to its maximal level after briefly exposing (5 min) post-rigor muscle to the highest pressure (300 MPa). Electron microscopic studies of the pressurized muscle revealed that marked rupture of I-band and loss of M-line materials had progressed in the myofibrils with increasing applied pressure. However, degradation of the Z-line in myofibrils that can be observed naturally in conditioned muscle was not apparent in the pressurized muscle. There was no significant difference in the electrophoretic pattern of myofibrillar protein among the control and pressurized muscle samples in spite of the marked change of ultrastructure.From the results, it is suggested that the application of a high hydrostatic pressure to post-rigor musc...
Angular behaviour of critical current density in YBa2Cu3Oythin films with crossed columnar defects (2016)

Columnar defects (CDs) were installed into YBa2Cu3Oy thin films at the crossing angle ±θi relative to the c-axis using 200 MeV Xe ions, in order to clarify the influence of ±θi on the angular behaviours of critical current density Jc. The width of a Jc peak occuring at B || c linearly increases with broadening CD-crossing angle, where its shape maintains a single peak in the range of θi ≤ ±25°. The CDs crossing at ±45°, on the other hand, drastically change the angular behaviour of Jc around B || c: the Jc is equally elevated over the angular region from −45° to 45° in the lower magnetic field, whereas the rapid reduction of the Jc occurs at B || c with increasing magnetic field, leading to the appearance of double peaks near the irradiation angles, ±45°. This crossover phenomenon is attributed to the difference in the pinned states of flux lines between B || c and at the irradiation angles: the CDs crossing at ±45° cannot provide the correlated flux pinning along the c-axis, resulting in the uncorrelated pinned state at B || c.
[Arthrodesis of the ankle joint]. (1996)

Arthrodesis of the ankle joint is still an important operation in the treatment of painful arthrosis, chronic infection, and malalignment instability when these cases have been treated unsuccessfully with other therapeutic procedures. To date, prosthetic replacement of the ankle joint has been an alternative only in rheumatoid patients. Concerning the long-term results, ankle arthrodesis is much better than alloarthroplasty. Because of the good functional results achievable by arthrodesis when done in the right position, there is less often a need for prosthetic replacement than in the hip or knee joint. A patient with a fused ankle joint is only limited when running. Compression arthrodesis is possible at present with various operative techniques utilizing external fixators, ring fixators and open reduction internal fixation with plates and screws. The last procedure can be carried out arthroscopically. With these techniques, fusion of the ankle joint in the correct position is possible in nearly all situations, e.g., infection, malalignment, osteoporosis, soft tissue damage. The main complication of ankle arthrodesis is pseudarthrosis (up to 35%) and postoperative infection (3%-25%). An important late sequela is arthrosis in the joints adjacent to the fused ankle joint (10-60%).
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study of some bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium salts (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTX-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study of some bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium saltsWilliam E. Swartz Jr., John K. Ruff, and David M. HerculesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 15, 5227–5229Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00770a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00770a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views262Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Planar Compatible Traveling-Wave Waveguide-Based Power Divider/Combiner (2008)

The operation of a planar compatible traveling-wave power divider and combiner structure is presented. Design guidelines of the scalable structure are presented as are simulated and measured results of two- and four-way devices at -band frequencies. A transmission line model of the divider/combiner is presented to provide additional insight into its operation. The measured 15-dB return-loss bandwidth of the structure is on the order of 20% with a power combining efficiency as high as 90% around the design frequency. The measured structure exhibited a 15-dB return-loss bandwidth of 15% with a power combining efficiency of approximately 80%.
TaWAK6 encoding wall-associated kinase is involved in wheat resistance to leaf rust similar to adult plant resistance (2020)

In wheat, adult plant resistance (APR) to leaf rust (Puccinia triticina), is effective in restricting pathogen growth and provides durable resistance against a wide range of virulent forms of P. triticina. Despite the importance, there is limited knowledge on the molecular basis of this type of resistance. We isolated and characterized the wall-associated kinase encoding gene in wheat, and assigned it as TaWAK6. Localization of TaWAK6 homeologs in A and B wheat subgenomes was consistent with the presence of the gene's orthologs in T. urartu (AA) and T. dicoccoides (AABB) and with the absence of its orthologs in Aegilops tauschii (DD). Overexpression of TaWAK6 did not change the wheat phenotype, nor did it affect seedling resistance. However, the adult plants overexpressing TaWAK6 showed that important parameters of APR were significantly elevated. Infection types scored on the first (flag), second and third leaves indicated elevated resistance, which significantly correlated with expression of TaWAK6. Analysis of plant-pathogen interactions showed a lower number of uredinia and higher rates of necrosis at the infection sites and this was associated with smaller size of uredinia and a longer latent period. The results indicated a role of TaWAK6 in quantitative partial resistance similar to APR in wheat. It is proposed that TaWAK6, which is a non-arginine-aspartate (non-RD) kinase, represents a novel class of quantitative immune receptors in monocots.
Characteristics of EEG Interpreters Associated With Higher Interrater Agreement (2016)

The IRA among EEGers varies considerably. The EEGers must be tested before use as scorers for ET annotation research projects. The American Board of Clinical Neurophysiology certification is associated with improved performance. The optimal size for a group of experts scoring ETs in EEG is probably in the 6 to 10 range.
Efficient gradient-domain compositing using quadtrees (2007)

We describe a hierarchical approach to improving the efficiency of gradient-domain compositing, a technique that constructs seamless composites by combining the gradients of images into a vector field that is then integrated to form a composite. While gradient-domain compositing is powerful and widely used, it suffers from poor scalability. Computing an n pixel composite requires solving a linear system with n variables; solving such a large system quickly overwhelms the main memory of a standard computer when performed for multi-megapixel composites, which are common in practice. In this paper we show how to perform gradient-domain compositing approximately by solving an O(p) linear system, where p is the total length of the seams between image regions in the composite; for typical cases, p is O(√n). We achieve this reduction by transforming the problem into a space where much of the solution is smooth, and then utilize the pattern of this smoothness to adaptively subdivide the problem domain using quadtrees. We demonstrate the merits of our approach by performing panoramic stitching and image region copy-and-paste in significantly reduced time and memory while achieving visually identical results.