gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CaV3.2 T-type Calcium Channels Are Involved in Calcium-dependent Secretion of Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer Cells (2008)

Because prostate cancer is, in its early stages, an androgen-dependent pathology, treatments aiming at decreasing testosterone plasma concentration have been developed for many years now. However, a significant proportion of patients suffer a relapse after a few years of hormone therapy. The androgen-independent stage of prostate cancer has been shown to be associated with the development of neuroendocrine differentiation. We previously demonstrated that neuroendocrine prostate cancer cells derived from LNCaP cells overexpress CaV3.2 T-type voltage-dependent calcium channels. We demonstrate here using prostatic acid phosphatase as a marker of prostate secretion and FM1-43 fluorescence imaging of membrane trafficking that neuroendocrine differentiation is associated with an increase in calcium-dependent secretion which critically relies on CaV3.2 T-type calcium channel activity. In addition, we show that these channels are expressed by neuroendocrine cells in prostate cancer tissues obtained from patients after surgery. We propose that CaV3.2 T-type calcium channel up-regulation may account for the alteration of secretion during prostate cancer development and that these channels, by promoting the secretion of potential mitogenic factors, could participate in the progression of the disease toward an androgen-independent stage.
Digital signature schemes using non-square matrices or scrap automorphisms (2023)

We offer two very transparent digital signature schemes: one using non-square matrices and the other using scrap automorphisms. The former can be easily converted to a public key encryption scheme.
Dynamic End-Effector Trajectory Control for Flexible Micro-Macro Robots using an Ideal Manifold. (1997)

This paper addresses issues of dynamic modeling and end-effector trajectory control for two serially connected robots: a flexible macroarm and a rigid microarm, which is carried by the macroarm. First, a dynamic model is presented using Hamilton's principle and the finite element method. Based on this dynamic model, a new end-effector trajectory control method is proposed. Based on this method, the control system design is divided into two stages. The first stage is concerned with the design of an ideal manifold on which the desired dynamic performance of the system is quaranteed. In the second stage, the end-effector trajectory control scheme which governs the motion of the system converging to the ideal manifold is derived. Stability of the system is demonstrated using the Lyapunov stability theory. Simulations are carried out to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Computational model for a low-temperature laser-plasma driver for shock-processing of metals and comparison to experimental data (2002)

Few-joule table-top lasers can generate pressures up to the 100 kbar range in solid materials by propagating a low-intensity beam through a transparent dielectric, which confines the ablation pressure, onto an ablation layer in contact with the material of interest. This technique has application in studies of material dynamic behavior and material processing. Development and application of physically based models of this process have lagged experiment. In this article the particulars of a detailed computational model incorporated into a two-dimensional radiationhydrodynamics code are presented. The model accounts for the initial absorption onto a metal surface, low-intensity photoionization absorption in neutral vapor, collisional ionization, recombination, dielectric breakdown, band gap collapse, electron conductivity, thermal transport, and constitutive properties of the materials. The model shows that most of the laser energy is absorbed in the dielectric tamper, not the ablator. Good agreement is found between simulated and measured pressure histories for materials irradiated with several tens of joules using a single-beam neodymium-glass laser at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
A Cost Estimation for CO2 Reduction and Reuse by Methanation from Cement Industry Sources in Switzerland (2018)

The Swiss government has signed the Paris Climate Agreement and various measures need to be implemented in order to reach the target of a 50 % reduction in CO2 emissions in Switzerland by 2030 compared with the value for 1990. Considering the fact that the production of cement in Switzerland accounts around 2.5 million tonnes for CO2 emissions of which corresponds to roughly 7 % of the country’s total CO2 emissions, the following article examines how this amount could be put to meaningful use in order to create a new value-added chain through CO2 methanation, and thus reduce the consumption and import of fossil fuels in Switzerland. With power-to-gas technology, this CO2, along with regenerative hydrogen from photovoltaics, can be converted into methane, which can then be fed into the existing natural-gas grid. This economic case study shows a cost prediction for conversion of all the CO2 from the cement industry into methane by using the technologies available today in order to replacing fossil methane imports.
Brassicaceae-specific Gretchen Hagen 3 acyl acid amido synthetases conjugate amino acids to chorismate, a precursor of aromatic amino acids and salicylic acid (2019)

To modulate responses to developmental or environmental cues, plants use Gretchen Hagen 3 (GH3) acyl acid amido synthetases to conjugate an amino acid to a plant hormone, a reaction that regulates free hormone concentration and downstream responses. The model plant <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> has 19 GH3 proteins, of which 8 have confirmed biochemical functions. One Brassicaceae-specific clade of GH3 proteins was predicted to use benzoate as a substrate and includes AtGH3.7 and AtGH3.12/PBS3. Previously identified as a 4-hydroxybenzoic acid-glutamate synthetase, AtGH3.12/PBS3 influences pathogen defense responses through salicylic acid. Recent work has shown that AtGH3.12/PBS3 uses isochorismate as a substrate, forming an isochorismate-glutamate conjugate that converts into salicylic acid. Here, we show that AtGH3.7 and AtGH3.12/PBS3 can also conjugate chorismate to cysteine and glutamate, which act as precursors to aromatic amino acids and salicylic acid, respectively. The X-ray crystal structure of AtGH3.12/PBS3 in complex with AMP and chorismate at 1.94 Å resolution, along with site-directed mutagenesis, revealed how the active site potentially accommodates this substrate. Examination of <i>Arabidopsis</i> knockout lines indicated that the <i>gh3.7</i> mutants do not alter growth and showed no increased susceptibility to the pathogen <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i>, unlike <i>gh3.12</i> mutants, which were more susceptible than WT plants, as was the <i>gh3.7</i>/<i>gh3.12</i> double mutant. The findings of our study suggest that GH3 proteins can use metabolic precursors of aromatic amino acids as substrates.
Mild catalytic multiphase hydrogenolysis of benzyl ethers (2002)

A preliminary study was conducted on the multiphase (aqueous KOH–isooctane–Aliquat® 336) hydrogenolysis of benzyl methyl ether using Pd/C, Pt/C and Raney-Ni as catalysts, under mild conditions (T = 50 °C, pH2 = 1 atm). Using ethanol as solvent, the Pd/C system is very efficient, while the same catalyst under multiphase conditions is almost inactive. With Pt/C, the reaction is always sluggish, and ring hydrogenation kicks in under multiphase conditions. The Raney-Ni system has an opposite behavior, while debenzylation is slow in ethanol, under multiphase conditions the reaction is quite fast. Other O-benzyl protected substrates undergo debenzylation with Raney-Ni as well, with varying chemoselectivity.
Theoretical modeling of fiber laser at 810 nm based on thulium-doped silica fibers with enhanced ^3H_4 level lifetime (2011)

A compact upconversion fiber laser operating around 810 nm is proposed using thulium-doped silica-based fiber with locally modified thulium environment by high alumina codoping. Using a comprehensive numerical model of thulium doped fiber we investigate performance of the proposed laser. Comparison with two other thulium hosts, fluoride glass and standard silica, is presented. Efficient lasing can be expected even for silica based fiber for specific ranges of the fiber and laser cavity parameters, especially when 3H4 lifetime is enhanced. With moderate pump power of 5 W at wavelength of 1064 nm, the predicted output power of the upconversion laser is about 2 W at 810 nm.
A microbial metabolite, Lithocholic acid, suppresses IFN-γ and AhR expression by human cord blood CD4 T cells (2018)

Vitamin D is a well-known micronutrient that modulates immune responses by epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of target genes, such as inflammatory cytokines. Our group recently demonstrated that the most active form of vitamin D, calcitriol, reduces expression of a transcription factor known as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and inhibits differentiation of a pro-inflammatory T cell subset, Th9. Lithocholic acid (LCA), a secondary bile acid produced by commensal bacteria, is known to bind to and activate the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in a manner comparable to calcitriol. In this study, Naive CD4 T cells were isolated from healthy human umbilical mononuclear cells and were stimulated in the presence or absence of LCA. We determined the effect of LCA on human cord blood T cell activation by measuring IFN-γ production and protein expression of IFN-γ receptor-mediated signaling molecules. We found that LCA reduces production of IFN-γ and decreases phosphorylation of STAT1 as well as expression of AhR, STAT1, and IRF1 by activated human cord blood CD4 T cells. LCA inhibits expression of IFN-γ and reduces its receptor signaling molecules.
Effect of doping in the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor (1991)

The results of the effect of doping on the superconducting transition in the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system are reported. Samples were prepared under identical conditions with varying types (Pb, Sb, Sn, Nb) and amounts of dopants. All samples consisted of multiple phases, and showed stable and reproducible superconducting transitions. Stabilization of the well known 110 K phase depends on both the type and amount of dopant. No trace of superconducting phase of 150 K and above was observed.
THE CARNOSINE CONTENT OF VASTUS LATERALIS IS ELEVATED IN RESISTANCE-TRAINED BODYBUILDERS (2005)

Resistance training is associated with periods of acute intracellular hypoxia with increased H1 production and low intramuscular pH. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible adaptive response in muscle carnosine (b-alanyl-L-histidine) in bodybuilders. Extracts of biopsies of m. vastus lateralis of 6 national-level competitive bodybuilders and 6 age-matched untrained but moderately active healthy subjects were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Significant differences were shown in carnosine (p < 0.001) and histidine (p < 0.05). Muscle carnosine in bodybuilders was twice that in controls. The carnosine contents measured are the highest recorded in human muscle and represent a 20% contribution to muscle buffering capacity. Taurine was 38% lower in bodybuilders, though the difference was not significant. Possible causes for the changes observed are prolonged repetitive exposure to low muscle pH, change of diet or dietary supplement use, or the use of anabolic steroids. The increase in buffering capacity could influence the ability to carry out intense muscular activity.
The tailored complex refractive index of hydrogenated amorphous silicon for dielectric metasurfaces (2020)

We found the correlation between atomic bonding structures and the refractive index in the visible spectrum. We found that optical hydrogenated amorphous silicon exhibits the extinction coefficient of 0.082 at the wavelength of 450 nm.
Modeling the flow over planing hulls with ventilated or cavitating steps (2013)

High-speed planing boats often employ stepped hulls to reduce frictional drag. The reduced drag is achieved through the formation of a vaporous cavity, which reduces the wetted surface area on the submerged hull. We are in the process of developing a numerical method to solve for the six-degree-of-freedom forces experienced by a cavitating, stepped planing hull. The approach will use a three-dimensional, time-domain potential-flow analysis embodied in the established code, Aegir. Aegir is a high-order boundary element method in which the source and dipole distributions on the boundary are represented by B-splines. Results of a two-dimensional implementation are presented in this paper, in which we examine the accuracy of a linearized solution. New model testing is underway in order to provide detailed validation for the proposed method.
FLT3 expression initiates in fully multipotent mouse hematopoietic progenitor cells (2011)

Lymphoid-primed multipotent progenitors with down-regulated megakaryocyte-erythroid (MkE) potential are restricted to cells with high levels of cell-surface FLT3 expression, whereas HSCs and MkE progenitors lack detectable cell-surface FLT3. These findings are compatible with FLT3 cell-surface expression not being detectable in the fully multipotent stem/progenitor cell compartment in mice. If so, this process could be distinct from human hematopoiesis, in which FLT3 already is expressed in multipotent stem/progenitor cells. The expression pattern of Flt3 (mRNA) and FLT3 (protein) in multipotent progenitors is of considerable relevance for mouse models in which prognostically important Flt3 mutations are expressed under control of the endogenous mouse Flt3 promoter. Herein, we demonstrate that mouse Flt3 expression initiates in fully multipotent progenitors because in addition to lymphoid and granulocyte-monocyte progenitors, FLT3(-) Mk- and E-restricted downstream progenitors are also highly labeled when Flt3-Cre fate mapping is applied.
. A Direct Ring Amination of Benzene Derivatives with Hydroxylamine Salt- Aluminum Chloride Reagent (1964)

ヒドロキシルアミン塩-塩化アルミニウム系試薬によるベンゼン誘導体の核アミノ化についてはこれまで正確な報告がみられないので本研究を行なった。アミノ化すべきベンゼン誘導体(2.0mol)を溶媒を兼ねて用い,これとNH2OH・HCl0.5mol,AlCl30.55および1.10molをベンゼンでは80℃で,トルエン,クロルベンゼン,アニソールでは100℃で5時間反応させた結果,いずれの場合にもモノアミノ体が得られた。とくにクロルベンゼンからは73.6%(対NH2OH・HCl)と高収率でクロルアニリンをうることができた。トルエンおよびクロルベンゼンのアミノ化の配向性,Sf値およびm-体生成量から,本アミノ化が陽性試薬の攻撃であり,しかもアミノ化試薬成分比1:2より生ずる攻撃種が1:1より生ずる攻撃種より陽性活性が大きなことがわかった。さらに,長倉らの電子移動の理論を適用することにより攻撃種のイオン対の性質に関しても知見をうることができた。
From Bone Marrow Transplantation to Cellular Therapies: Possible Therapeutic Strategies in Managing Autoimmune Disorders (2012)

Chronic inflammatory disorders occurring in childhood represent a serious therapeutic challenge. However, available therapies seem not to be targeted on the pathogenic mechanism of the disease and are often not actively affecting the natural history of the disease. Emerging treatments might be of some benefit to many patients who did not respond to conventional therapeutic options. Biological therapies with monoclonal antibodies and other recombinant proteins have been introduced in clinical practice. At the same time, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have gained attention as a savage treatment in patients subjected to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation who develop severe graft versus host disease (GvHD); in addition, recent reports from clinical trials on larger cohorts of patients support their use as second-line treatment after failure of corticosteroid treatment. For analogy, they have been proposed for the treatment of intractable autoimmune disorders. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been shown to be effective for treatment of rheumatic disorder cases that were resistant to traditional therapies especially if combined with cell manipulation techniques, such as selection of regulatory T cell and depletion of harmful lymphocytes. We herein present the rationale of different strategies, the preliminary data obtained in clinical trials, unsolved problems and possible next developments of novel treatment protocols of autoimmune disorders.
Preclinical characterization of SHR6390, a novel CDK 4/6 inhibitor, in vitro and in human tumor xenograft models (2019)

Inhibition of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6-retinoblastoma (RB) pathway is an effective therapeutic strategy against cancer. Here, we performed a preclinical investigation of the antitumor activity of SHR6390, a novel CDK4/6 inhibitor. SHR6390 exhibited potent antiproliferative activity against a wide range of human RB-positive tumor cells in vitro, and exclusively induced G<sub>1</sub> arrest as well as cellular senescence, with a concomitant reduction in the levels of Ser780-phosphorylated RB protein. Compared with the well-known CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib, orally administered SHR6390 led to equivalent or improved tumor efficacy against a panel of carcinoma xenografts, and produced marked tumor regression in some models, in association with sustained target inhibition in tumor tissues. Furthermore, SHR6390 overcame resistance to endocrine therapy and HER2-targeting antibody in ER-positive and HER2-positive breast cancer, respectively. Moreover, SHR6390 combined with endocrine therapy exerted remarkable synergistic antitumor activity in ER-positive breast cancer. Taken together, our findings indicate that SHR6390 is a novel CDK4/6 inhibitor with favorable pharmaceutical properties for use as an anticancer agent.
Privacy in E-Commerce (2001)

Abstract: Today customers do more and more business via the World Wide Web, with an ever increasing num-ber of stores offering B2C services. However, with the wide use of B2C services, like e.g. online catalogues, the customers ’ privacy decreases. Therefore, new methods need to be developed to protect their privacy. In this paper, two privacy ensuring techniques are evaluated according to their performance in accessing and transfer-ring HTML pages.
ZnTe: A potential interlayer to form low resistance back contacts in CdS/CdTe solar cells (1993)

We studied the structural and electronic properties of the ZnTe/CdTe(100) interface with reflection high-energy electron diffraction and angle-resolved synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). ZnTe overlayers grown at 300 °C on CdTe(100) were fully strained and pseudomorphic up to ≊16 Å. Beyond this coverage the ZnTe film starts to gradually relax the 6.6% in-plane lattice strain. Complete relaxation is reached at a ZnTe coverage of ∼300 Å. A valence-band offset of ΔEv=0.00±0.05 eV was measured with ARPES at the Γ point. This propitious band lineup may allow for the use of a ZnTe intermediate layer at metal/CdTe structures to induce ohmic back contacts in CdS/CdTe heterojunction solar cells.
SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF COBALT AND NICKEL IN BIS (2,4,4-TRI-METHYLPENTYL) PHOSPHINIC ACID, “CYANEX -272” (1987)

Abstract ABSTRACT A study has been made of the extraction of cobalt and nickel from sulfate solutions into bis(2,4,4 tri-methylpentyl) Phosphinic acid - “Cyanex 272”, diluent Esso solvent DX 3641, for both high and low metal loading in the organic phase. In dilute solution, 0.01 M, extraction constants and enthalpies were determined for both metals. The extraction of cobalt was always favored over that of nickel, increasing with increase in temperature. No structure change with temperature was found for the cobalt-Cyanex complex. Phase modifiers were found to effect the selectivity of “Cyanex 272” for cobalt. At high metal loading, equilibrium curves for cobalt were fitted using semi-empirical curve fitting, while for nickel a straight line variation was observed. Organic phase polymerization was observed for both metals the degree of aggregation increasing with increase in loading. A step change increase in the viscosity of the organic phase was observed at high cobalt loading. Phase modifiers proved to be ineffective In reducing the increase in organic phase viscosity.
Azoindoxyl Methods for the Investigation of Hydrolases IV. Suitability of Various Diazonium Salts (1978)

Summary. Using fresh frozen, freeze-dried or cryostate sections from aldehyde fixed rat tissues 13 diazonium salts were tested as simultaneous coupling reagents for the localization of acid, neutral and alkaline hydrolases with azo indoxyl methods. Hexazotized new fuchsine and/or Fast blue B are the diazonium salts of choice for the demonstration of acid fi-gaIactosidase, neuraminidase, fi-N-acetylglucosaminidase, acid phosphatase, and non-specific esterase followed by hexazotized p-rosaniline. Fast blue VB, BB and RR and Fast violet B are recommended for the investigation of alkaline phosphatase and lactase, Fast garnet GBC for acid fl-galactosidase, glucosaminidase and lactase. Fast red B, RC, RL and TR and Fast black K can only be employed for lactase studies. The exact concentration of the coupling reagent depends on the activity of the enzyme and the organ investigated. On the average 0.01-0.02 ml unstable diazonium salt/ml and 0.3-1 mg stable diazonium salt/ml are sufficient for the correct localization of these hydrolases. Freeze-dried cryostat sections yield the best results in the demonstration of lactase and alkaline phosphatase independent on the coupling reagent used. Sections from formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde fixed organs are superior for the localization of the other hydrolascs; an exception is the investigation of acid fl-galactosidase and glucosaminidase with Fast garnet GBC. Then, excellent results are obtained also with freeze-dried material. Fresh frozen sections are suitable for the localization of lactase with hexazotized new fuchsine or p-rosaniline and of alkaline phosphatase with Fast blue VB and BB or violet B. The total activity of acid, neutral and alkaline hydrolases can be investigated using semipermeable membranes in combination with all unstable and stable diazonium salts of choice. Reliable osmification of the azoindoxyl dye is only possible if hexazotized p-rosaniline is employed for coupling; without further posttreatment all azoindoxyl dyes are extracted by ethanol, isopropanol or xylol. 7 incubation media are given for the demonstration of hydrolases with azoindoxyl methods at the level of light microscopy for routine studies Mit Unterstiitzung durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 105)
ChemInform Abstract: Alternative Synthesis of 9‐{3‐[(Diisopropoxyphosphoryl)methoxy]‐2‐hydroxypropyl}adenine and Its Free Phosphonates Substituted at the C‐8 Position of Purine Base. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Site-Specific Incorporation of Two ncAAs for Two-Color Bioorthogonal Labeling and Crosslinking of Proteins on Live Mammalian Cells (2020)

The pyrrolysyl-tRNA/pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase (PylT/RS) pair from the archaeon Methanosarcina mazei (Mma) is widely used in protein engineering to site-specifically introduce noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) through nonsense codon suppression. Here, we engineer the PylT/RS pair encoded by Methanogenic archaeon ISO4-G1 (G1) to be orthogonal to Mma PylT/RS and alter the G1 PylRS active site to accept a complementary ncAA spectrum. We combine the resulting mutual orthogonal pairs for site-specific dual ncAA incorporation of two lysine analogs with high selectivity and efficiency. Demonstrating the robustness of the system, we incorporate two ncAAs with compatible bioorthogonal reactivity into a Notch receptor, as well as a G protein-coupled receptor. We show that selective and site-specific incorporation of two ncAAs allows for two-color bioorthogonal labeling as well as chemical-controlled crosslinking of surface proteins on live mammalian cells.