gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preliminary investigations of tissue sensing adaptive radar for breast tumor detection (2004)

Tissue sensing adaptive radar detects tumors based on the differences in electrical properties of healthy and malignant breast tissues. This paper presents results for simple experimental models and computer simulations of a larger diameter cylindrical model and more realistic hemispherical model. The results suggest that TSAR imaging is a promising method for breast tumor detection.
A High Efficiency Ion Source (1940)

An ion source has been built in which the ionization efficiency of the electrons is increased without making the gas pressure excessive. This is accomplished by making the electrons oscillate through the region occupied by the gas with energies corresponding to the maximum ionization probability. The electronic space charge is used to withdraw the ion beam and hold the beam together. Hydrogen ion beams of 150 milliamperes have been obtained.
[Value of nuclear medicine procedures in evaluating the hemodynamics in physical medicine and cardiac rehabilitation]. (1993)

This is a report on the application and importance of nuclear-medical procedures in physical therapy and rehabilitation. In particular, attention is focused on the parameters of peripheric haemodynamics (T1/2 and -A) and of the left ventricular ejection fraction. The authors aim at demonstrating their own results gained during the last 10 years in different groups of patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases at rest and under load. The results are critically estimated, including the relevant literature, and conclusions are drawn for clinical practice.
Characterization of a temperature-sensitive mutant of the UL15 open reading frame of herpes simplex virus 1 (1993)

The UL15 gene of herpes simplex virus 1 consists of two exons and is highly conserved among the herpesviruses sequenced to date. Other than its homology to a phage protein involved in the packaging of DNA, nothing is known of its function. This report concerns the isolation of a temperature-sensitive mutant with a mutation mapping in the UL15 open reading frame. Cells infected with the parent, mutant, and rescued viruses all make DNA at the nonpermissive temperature. Direct analyses of the DNA and electron microscopic studies indicate that although viral DNA is made, it is not packaged into capsids present in nuclei. These studies suggest that UL15 may be involved in the packaging of viral DNA.
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α plays roles in Epstein-Barr virus’s natural life cycle and tumorigenesis by inducing lytic infection through direct binding to the immediate-early BZLF1 gene promoter (2017)

When confronted with poor oxygenation, cells adapt by activating survival signaling pathways, including the oxygen-sensitive transcriptional regulators called hypoxia-inducible factor alphas (HIF-αs). We report here that HIF-1α also regulates the life cycle of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Incubation of EBV-positive gastric carcinoma AGS-Akata and SNU-719 and Burkitt lymphoma Sal and KemIII cell lines with a prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, L-mimosine or deferoxamine, or the NEDDylation inhibitor MLN4924 promoted rapid and sustained accumulation of both HIF-1α and lytic EBV antigens. ShRNA knockdown of HIF-1α significantly reduced deferoxamine-mediated lytic reactivation. HIF-1α directly bound the promoter of the EBV primary latent-lytic switch BZLF1 gene, Zp, activating transcription via a consensus hypoxia-response element (HRE) located at nt -83 through -76 relative to the transcription initiation site. HIF-1α did not activate transcription from the other EBV immediate-early gene, BRLF1. Importantly, expression of HIF-1α induced EBV lytic-gene expression in cells harboring wild-type EBV, but not in cells infected with variants containing base-pair substitution mutations within this HRE. Human oral keratinocyte (NOK) and gingival epithelial (hGET) cells induced to differentiate by incubation with either methyl cellulose or growth in organotypic culture accumulated both HIF-1α and Blimp-1α, another cellular factor implicated in lytic reactivation. HIF-1α activity also accumulated along with Blimp-1α during B-cell differentiation into plasma cells. Furthermore, most BZLF1-expressing cells observed in lymphomas induced by EBV in NSG mice with a humanized immune system were located distal to blood vessels in hypoxic regions of the tumors. Thus, we conclude that HIF-1α plays central roles in both EBV's natural life cycle and EBV-associated tumorigenesis. We propose that drugs that induce HIF-1α protein accumulation are good candidates for development of a lytic-induction therapy for treating some EBV-associated malignancies.
Considerations on the IPv6 Host Density Metric (2006)

This memo provides an analysis of the Host Density metric as it is
currently used to guide registry allocations of IPv6 unicast address
blocks. This document contrasts the address efficiency as currently
adopted in the allocation of IPv4 network addresses and that used by
the IPv6 protocol. Note that for large allocations there are very
significant variations in the target efficiency metric between the two
approaches. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
Tendency to Capsular Contracture around Smooth and Textured Gel-Filled Silicone Mammary Implants: A 5-Year Follow-Up (1997)

The aim of this prospective, controlled clinical investigation was to compare the capsular contracture rate between silicone implants with a smooth and those with a textured surface. The implants were otherwise identical. Twenty-five women with bilateral mammary hypoplasia underwent augmentation mammoplasty. All received a textured implant on one side and a smooth implant on the other. Before surgery the patients were told that they could have the implants changed if the study showed that one type was better than the other. The investigation was conducted with the double-blind technique, with the code broken 1 year after surgery. At 1-year follow-up (reported previously) three parameters were used to estimate the tendency to capsular contracture: (1) the patient's opinion on differences in hardness of the breasts, (2) the investigators' classification of capsular contracture, and (3) applanation tonometry. All parameters showed unequivocally that the breasts augmented with textured implants had a lower tendency to develop capsular contracture than those with smooth implants. Five years after surgery 17 patients had had their smooth implant changed to a textured one because of hardness. Only one of the textured implants had been removed. A comparison between the 1-year and 5-year tonometric results of the 24 breasts that still had the original textured implants showed that after 5 years, a small but statistically significant increase in hardness had occurred compared with that after 1 year.
Screener Readiness Test-Validation Pilot Testing (1999)

The Screener Readiness Test is a computer-based assessment instrument being developed to test new checkpoint screener candidates after they have been given their initial training. The instrument's computer interface was evaluated as part of the validation process and found to be relatively easy to use. Several revisions needed for the interface are described before the full-scale validation is undertaken.
Mikroperimetrische Dokumentation der Netzhautfunktion bei photodynamischer Therapie choroidaler Neovaskularisationen* (2000)

Documentation of the retinal function by microperimetry after photodynamic therapy of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization shows no new scotoma in the treated area. This can also be documented in the hypofluorescent area around the lesion one week after the treatment. After repeated treatment a reduced scotoma size due to choroidal neovascularization could be seen in 2/3 of the patients after 3 months. No initial vision loss as seen in conventional photocoagulation could be documented after photodynamic therapy.
Determination of Acarbose by RID-HPLC (2007)

In order to improve the determination quality of acarbose samples,the RID-HPLC was employed to the determination of the content of Acarbose on an Agela Venusil XBP NH_2 column using acetonitrile-phosphate buffer(65∶35) as mobile phase.The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the column temperature was 35℃.The calibration curve is linear in the concentration range of 0.396～4.752 mg/mL(r=0.999 9).The average recovery was 100.11%,RSD=0.93%.Under the above conditions the acarbose samples were determined to be the average content of 98.60%,providing a simple,rapid,accurate and reliable method of measuring the content of Acarbose.
Receptors and transduction pathways for monocyte chemotactic protein-2 and monocyte chemotactic protein-3. Similarities and differences with MCP-1. (1994)

MCP-2 and MCP-3 are recently identified members of the Cys-Cys chemokine family with high sequence similarity with MCP-1 (62% and 71%, respectively). The present study was aimed at defining receptor usage and signal transduction pathways of MCP-2 and MCP-3 in human monocytes in comparison with MCP-1. MCP-2 and MCP-3 induced migration of monocytes with a typical bell-shaped curve and maximal response at 10 and 50 ng/ml, respectively. The maximal response elicited by MCP-2 and MCP-3 was lower (approximately 60%) than that of MCP-1. Pertussis toxin (PTox) inhibited the chemotactic activity of MCP-3 and MCP-1 (IC50 = 6.2 and 4.4 ng/ml, respectively), whereas cholera toxin (CTox) had little effect on these two chemokines (IC50 > 1000 ng/ml). In contrast, MCP-2-induced chemotaxis was blocked by CTox (IC50 = 75 ng/ml) and relatively unaffected by PTox. MCP-3 and MCP-1 induced a rapid increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration, whereas MCP-2, in the range of concentrations active on chemotaxis, did not. MCP-1-, MCP-2-, and MCP-3-induced chemotactic responses were blocked by C-I, a serine/threonine kinase inhibitor, and by genistein, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with the MCP-2 response being more sensitive than those induced by MCP-1 and MCP-3. MCP-1 and MCP-3 rapidly induced arachidonic acid release whereas MCP-2 was ineffective. MCP-1 and MCP-3 cross-desensitized with each other in terms of Ca2+ transients and displaced with a comparable efficiency labeled MCP-1 from human monocytes. On the other hand, MCP-2 did not cross-desensitize with MCP-1 and MCP-3 and only partially (20%) displaced labeled MCP-1. Thus, in spite of high sequence similarity, MCP-2 differed considerably from MCP-1 and MCP-3 in terms of sensitivity to CTox and PTox, arachidonate and calcium mobilization, and capacity to compete for labeled MCP-1.
Absence of Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1α Prevents the Development of Blinding Herpes Stromal Keratitis (1998)

Prior studies in our laboratory have suggested that the CC chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) may be an important mediator in the blinding ocular inflammation which develops following herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection of the murine cornea. To directly test this hypothesis, MIP-1alpha-deficient (-/-) mice and their wild-type (+/+) counterparts were infected topically on the scarified cornea with 2.5 x 10(5) PFU of HSV-1 strain RE and subsequently graded for corneal opacity. Four weeks postinfection (p.i.), the mean corneal opacity score of -/- mice was 1.1 +/- 0.3 while that of the +/+ mice was 3.7 +/- 0.5. No detectable infiltrating CD4+ T cells were seen histologically at 14 or 21 days p.i. in -/- animals, whereas the mean CD4+ T-cell count per field (36 fields counted) in +/+ hosts was 26 +/- 2 (P < 0.001). In addition, neutrophil counts in the -/- mouse corneas were reduced by >80% in comparison to the wild-type controls. At 2 weeks p.i., no interleukin-2 or gamma interferon could be detected in six of seven -/- mice, whereas both T-cell cytokines were readily demonstrable in +/+ mouse corneas. Also, MIP-2 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 protein levels were significantly lower in MIP-1alpha -/- mouse corneas than in +/+ host corneas, suggesting that MIP-1alpha directly, or more likely indirectly, influences the expression of other chemokines. Interestingly, despite the paucity of infiltrating cells, HSV-1 clearance from the eyes of -/- mice was not significantly different from that observed in +/+ hosts. We conclude that MIP-1alpha is not needed to control virus growth in the cornea but is essential for the development of severe stromal keratitis.
Synthesis of Distorted 1,8,13‐Trisilyl‐9‐hydroxytriptycenes by Triple Cycloaddition of Ynolates to 3‐Silylbenzynes (2019)

1,8,13-Trialkyl(aryl)silyl-9-hydroxytriptycenes (trisilyltriptycenes) were synthesized by the triple addition of ynolates and 3-silylbenzynes with high regioselectivity. Benzene rings in the resulting triptycenes were highly distorted where the dihedral angles between the substituents were as high as 35°. The distortion energy induced step-by-step halogenation reactions to yield halogenated triptycenes, including chiral triptycenes. The 1,8,13-trihalogenated triptycenes were then converted to 1,8,13-functionalized triptycenes.
Treatment of Severe Dermatitis, Multiple Allergies, and Metabolic Wasting With Dupilumab (2023)

This case report describes a woman with severe dermatitis, multiple allergies, and metabolic wasting syndrome.
Hemoglobin E‐β‐Thalassemia: Progress Report from the International Study Group (2005)

A long-term observational study of Hb E-beta-thalassemia in Sri Lanka is beginning to define some of the genetic and environmental factors that are responsible for its remarkable phenotypic variability. In this population there is a very small difference between the steady-state hemoglobin levels between the mild and severe phenotypes, and it has been possible to stop transfusion in many of those who have been on long-term treatment of this kind. These preliminary observations, made over the last 7 years, provide directions for future research into this increasingly important disease.
Mitochondrial thioltransferase (glutaredoxin 2) has GSH‐dependent and thioredoxin reductase‐dependent peroxidase activities in vitro and in lens epithelial cells (2006)

Thioltransferase (or Grx) belongs to the oxidoreductase family and is known to regulate redox homeostasis in cells. Mitochondrial Grx2 is a recent discovery, but its function is largely unknown. In this study we investigate Grx2 function by examining its potential peroxidase activity using lens epithelial cells (LEC). cDNA for human and mouse Grx2 was cloned into pET21d(+) vector and used to produce respective recombinant Grx2 for kinetic studies. cDNA for human Grx2 was transfected into human LEC and used for in vivo studies. Both human and mouse Grx2 showed glutathione (GSH)-dependent and thioredoxin reductase (TR)-dependent peroxidase activity. The catalytic efficiency of human and mouse Grx2 was lower than that of glutathione peroxidases (2.5 and 0.8x10(4) s(-1) M(-1), respectively), but comparable with TR-dependent peroxiredoxins (16.5 and 2.7x10(4) s(-1) M(-1), respectively). TR-dependent peroxidase activity increased 2-fold in the transfected cells and was completely abolished by addition of anti-Grx2 antibody (Ab). Flow cytometry (FACS) analysis and confocal microscopy revealed that cells preloaded with pure Grx2 detoxified peroxides more efficiently. Grx2 over-expression protected cells against H2O2-mediated disruption of mitochondrial transmembrane potential. These results suggest that Grx2 has a novel function as a peroxidase, accepting electrons both from GSH and TR. This unique property may play a role in protecting the mitochondria from oxidative damage.
25.1: Invited Paper : Development of Wide‐Color‐Gamut Mobile Displays with Four‐Primary‐Color LCDs (2006)

Abstract We developed a multiple color LCD with pixels composed of red (R), blue (B), yellowish green (YG) and emerald green (EG) sub pixels, combined with a white LED backlight. The color gamut was extended to 105% of the NTSC standard. Also the 3‐ to 4‐primary‐color conversion algorithm using the three‐dimensional look‐up‐table (LUT) is described with the color reproduction characteristics for driver‐integrated circuits on mobile LCDs.
Methotrexate induces differentiation of human keratinocytes. (1992)

Terminal differentiation is a key element in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis in the epidermis. We show here that methotrexate (MTX) induces differentiation of human epidermal keratinocytes in vitro. MTX inhibits proliferation of keratinocytes and also induces several markers of differentiation: a change in cell morphology, a marked increase in cell size, an increase in the proportion of cells that express involucrin, and an increase in the amount of cornified envelope protein. These effects of MTX are dose- and exposure-time-dependent and become irreversible after 24 hr, approximately one population doubling time. These effects of MTX cannot be attributed to cytotoxicity since keratinocytes not only remain viable but also actively synthesize proteins. MTX causes reproducible changes in the SDS/PAGE profiles of newly synthesized proteins and, in particular, increases the amount of involucrin synthesis. Thymidine completely prevents these effects of MTX, suggesting that they are caused by a depletion of thymine deoxyribonucleotides. The effect of MTX on keratinocytes may provide a model for studying the relationship between deoxyribonucleotide metabolism and differentiation in normal cells. In addition, the ability of MTX to induce differentiation in keratinocytes suggests a mechanism to explain its therapeutic action in psoriasis.
Lexical Quality in the Brain: ERP Evidence for Robust Word Learning From Context (2010)

We examined event-related potentials (ERPs) before and after word learning, using training contexts that differed in their level of contextual support for meaning acquisition. Novel words appeared either in contexts that were semantically constraining, providing strong cues to meaning, or in contexts that were weakly constraining, that is, uninformative. After each sentence, participants were shown the word in isolation and were asked to generate a close synonym. Immediately after training, words trained in high-constraint contexts elicited a smaller left temporal negativity (N300(FT7)) compared with words trained in low-constraint contexts, and both types of trained words elicited a stronger medial frontal negativity (N350(Fz)) relative to familiar words. Two days after training the N300(FT7) disappeared and was replaced by a later, left parietal (P600(Pz)) effect. To examine robust learning, we administered a semantic priming test two days after training. Familiar words and words trained in high-constraint contexts elicited strong N400 effects. By contrast, words trained in low-constraint contexts elicited a weak N400 effect, and novel (untrained rare) words elicited no semantic priming. These findings suggest that supportive contexts and the use of an active meaning-generation task may lead to robust word learning. The effects of this training can be observed as changes in an early left frontal component, as well as the classical N400 effect. We discuss implications for theories of "partial" semantic knowledge and for robust word learning and instruction.
Efficacy of Ciprofloxacin and Moxifloxacin against Nocardia brasiliensis In Vitro and in an Experimental Model of Actinomycetoma in BALB/c Mice (2008)

The efficacy of ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin against Nocardia brasiliensis was evaluated by applying 25 mg of each drug/kg subcutaneously every 8 h in BALB/c mice infected with N. brasiliensis. A statistically significant difference was observed only with moxifloxacin. A moxifloxacin-trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole combination was as active as when each compound was used alone.
Network Analysis of the Cytoprotective Effect of CDDO‐IM against Oxidant Stress in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) (2010)

1[2‐cyano‐3,12‐dioxooleana‐1,9(11)‐dien‐28‐oyl]imidazole (CDDO‐IM), a derivative of oleanolic acid, has been demonstrated to possess anti‐inflammatory activity and to prevent tumor progression in mice if present when tumor cells were administered. CDDO‐IM (kindly supplied by Dr. Michael Sporn, Dartmouth University) was compared to the phenolic cytoprotectant caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), and CDDO‐IM at 200 nM was more effective than CAPE at 20 μM in protecting HUVEC from oxidant stress produced by menadione. Since CDDO‐IM possesses no antioxidant activity we tested it for transcriptional activation with whole genome microarray and found that about 700 genes were up or down‐regulated by CDDO‐IM. In addition to up‐regulating heme oxygenase‐1, a well‐known cytoprotective gene, it also induced members of the heat shock protein family. Submission of genes altered in their expression by greater than two fold up‐regulation to Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) produced networks related to cellular development, growth and proliferation, cell signaling, and canonical pathways including NRF2‐mediated oxidative stress response and PPAR signaling indicating that cytoprotection involves multiple pathways in addition to the well described phase II enzyme induction.
Principles of Phosphorus Chemistry. III. Structure Proofs by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance1 (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPrinciples of Phosphorus Chemistry. III. Structure Proofs by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance1C. F. Callis, J. R. Van Wazer, J. N. Shoolery, and W. A. AndersonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 11, 2719–2726Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01568a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01568a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views383Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A fractal analysis of pathogen detection by biosensors (2006)

A fractal analysis is presented for the detection of pathogens such as <i>Franscisela tularensis</i>, and <i>Yersinia pestis</i> (the bacterium that causes plague) using a CANARY (cellular analysis and notification of antigens risks and yields) biosensor (Rider et al., 2003). In general, the binding and dissociation rate coefficients may be adequately described by either a single- or a dual-fractal analysis. An attempt is made to relate the binding rate coefficient to the degree of heterogeneity (fractal dimension value) present on the biosensor surface. Binding and dissociation rate coefficient values obtained are presented. The kinetics aspects along with the affinity values presented are of interest, and should along with the rate coefficients presented for the binding and the dissociation phase be of significant interest in help designing better biosensors for an application area that is bound to gain increasing importance in the future.