gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pure and Modified Co-Poly(amide-12-b-ethylene oxide) Membranes for Gas Separation Studied by Molecular Investigations (2012)

This paper deals with a theoretical investigation of gas transport properties in a pure and modified PEBAX block copolymer membrane with N-ethyl-o/p-toluene sulfonamide (KET) as additive molecules. Molecular dynamics simulations using COMPASS force field, Gusev-Suter Transition State Theory (TST) and Monte Carlo methods were used. Bulk models of PEBAX and PEBAX/KET in different copolymer/additive compositions were assembled and analyzed to evaluate gas permeability and morphology to characterize structure-performance relationships.
The Pregnant Woman and the Good Samaritan: Can a Woman have a Duty to Undergo a Caesarean Section? (2000)

Although a pregnant woman can now refuse any medical treatment needed by the fetus, the Court of Appeal has acknowledged that ethical dilemmas remain, adverting to the inappropriateness of legal compulsion of presumed moral duties in this context. This leaves the impression of an uncomfortable split between the ethics and the law. The notion of a pregnant woman refusing medical treatment needed by the fetus is troubling and it helps little simply to assert that she has a legal right to do so. At the same time, the idea that a pregnant woman fails in her moral duty unless she accepts any recommended treatment or surgery--however great the burden--is also not without difficulty. This article seeks to find a way between these two somewhat polarized positions by arguing that, instead of being a question primarily about whether legally to enforce moral obligations, the 'maternal-fetal conflict' begins with previously unrecognized difficulties in determining when a woman's prima facie moral rights invoked in the treatment context should 'give way' to the interests of the fetus. This difficulty is mirrored within the law. Thus, how can we tell when a pregnant woman has the moral or legal duty to submit to a caesarean section? Seen in this way, the conflict is a problem which lies at the interface between moral and legal rights and duties, showing that there are important conceptual links between the ethics and the law. Against this background, this article explores the limits of a pregnant woman's right to bodily integrity by focusing upon the idea of her moral duty to aid the fetus through her body. Here we find difficulties in determining the existence and extent of this somewhat extraordinary duty. Such a duty is contrasted with both negative and positive duties toward others in the course of 'general conduct.' Attention to the social context of pregnancy and the refusal of treatment within this is also instructive. Overall, the purpose is to foster understanding and acceptance of the current legal position.
1568: INTEGRATING FOCUSED CARDIAC ULTRASOUND INTO PEDIATRIC SEPTIC SHOCK ASSESSMENT (2019)

Arnoldi, Sara; Glau, Christie; Walker, Sarah; Himebauch, Adam; Parikh, Darshana; Udeh, Simone; Weiss, Scott; Fitzgerald, Julie; Nishisaki, Akira; Conlon, Thomas Author Information
Microsystems for express analysis (2011)

The results of physicochemical studies and design of miniature devices for chemical and biological analysis are discussed. Methods of producing such devices using planar and hybrid technologies with the account of the miniaturization of functional elements are described. Main analytical functions of the system and methods of their implementation in micro- and nanoscale are classified, including the following: sample processing and loading, thermal treatment, reagent mixing, sampling, controlled transport, chromatographic analysis, detection (on the basis of molecular bioreconginition, fluorimetry, laser light scattering, surface acoustic waves, and others). Examples of model implementation of such devices for biomedical analysis by capillary electrophoresis, electrochromatography, and latex.
Programmer-Controlled Application-Level Multicast (2014)

Group communication abstractions provide application-level multicasting to communicate information among distributed processes. A variety of such abstractions have been provided to implement synchronous collaborative applications but they do not allow control over the multicast of information to the
Cover Picture: Engineering and Functionalization of the Disulfide‐Constrained Miniprotein Min‐23 as a Scaffold for Diagnostic Application (ChemMedChem 2/2012) (2012)

The cover picture shows the concept of disulfide-constrained miniproteins as alternatives to antibodies for the development of new chemical entities. Their structural characteristics and beneficial pharmacokinetic profile highlight this peptide format for the engineering of novel diagnostic imaging agents. Here, the chemical synthesis of the scaffold Min-23 and its functionalization for in vitro and in vivo applications are described. For more details, see the Full Paper by Walter Mier et al. on p. 237 ff.
Population screening for the common G985 mutation causing medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency with Eu-labeled oligonucleotides and the DELFIA system (1997)

We have screened 10171 neonatal blood spots from the Trent and West Midlands regions of the UK for the common G985 mutation to more accurately establish the incidence of medium-chain acyl coenzyme (Co)A dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency. We have used a technique involving PCR and Eu-labeled allele-specific oligonucleotides detected by using time-resolved fluorometry on the dissociation-enhanced fluorescence immunoassay (DELFIA) system for the detection of the G985 mutation. We have also evaluated the feasibility of neonatal screening with this technique. We identified 158 G985 heterozygotes and no G985 homozygotes. The calculated incidence of MCAD deficiency in the population studied (all mutations, assuming 90% of MCAD mutations are G985) is 1 in 13426 (95% confidence limits 1 in 10070-1 in 18791). At the optimum cutoff criteria, the technique has a sensitivity of 97.5%, specificity of 99.6%, and positive predictive value of 80.2%. We conclude that this study confirms that MCAD deficiency is a common inherited metabolic disease and is a candidate for neonatal screening. The methodology used is robust and suitable for large-scale population studies such as this. The technique is also potentially suitable for screening.
Special session on trends & controversies in data science (TCDS) (2015)

As an emerging area, data science is facing great opportunities as well as challenges. Often arguments exist: What is data science? Why data science? We have information science already, why do we need data science? Do we need analytics science? Is analytics new? What is the difference between statistics and data analytics? What makes a data scientist? We believe that a special session on Trends and Controversy about data science and advanced analytics could bring insights from different mindsets for the healthy development of the science and society. Accordingly, this T&C special session will host talks by invitation to outline different views about today and future of data science. Invited speakers can contribute a paper (in the same format as the main conference submissions but could be less than 10 pages) to the special session, which will be handled by program co-chairs and accepted into the main conference proceeding probably by addressing comments from the program cochairs.
Marchenko Redatuming by Adaptive Double-Focusing on 2D and 3D Field Data of the Santos Basin (2018)

The Santos basin in Brazil suffers from strong internal multiples that overlap with primaries from the pre-salt reservoirs. We propose an adaptive double-focusing method for the removal of these multiples to obtain a correct image of the target area. The proposed method applies a form of source-receiver Marchenko redatuming to the reflection response. The Marchenko method is used to achieve single-focusing, after which we convolve the retrieved downgoing focusing function and the upgoing Green’s function to create double-focusing. This results in a base image that contains both primaries and internal multiples, and two models that predict the strongest internal multiples. Next, adaptive subtraction in the curvelet domain is used to remove these multiples from the base image. Some multiple interactions between the target area and the overburden remain, but we gain a robust method that is capable of dealing with a sparse acquisition geometry and imperfections in the (pre-processed) data. Also, this method is straightforward to implement and can be parallelized over pairs of focal points. These properties make adaptive double-focusing particularly suitable for the application to large volumes of field data. Tests on 2D field data and 3D field data show that the proposed method correctly predicts and removes the strongest internal multiples from the overburden, resulting in a clear improvement of the geological interpretability in the target area.
Lipid signalling in lymphocyte activation and cell death (1997)

Conference Article| May 01 1997 Lipid signalling in lymphocyte activation and cell death SANDRA D. SEATTER; SANDRA D. SEATTER 1Immunology Department, Western Infirmary, Glasgow, G11 6NT, Scotland Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JONATHAN J. GILBERT; JONATHAN J. GILBERT 1Immunology Department, Western Infirmary, Glasgow, G11 6NT, Scotland Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar MARGARET M. HARNETT MARGARET M. HARNETT 1Immunology Department, Western Infirmary, Glasgow, G11 6NT, Scotland Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1997) 25 (2): 300S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst025300s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation SANDRA D. SEATTER, JONATHAN J. GILBERT, MARGARET M. HARNETT; Lipid signalling in lymphocyte activation and cell death. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1997; 25 (2): 300S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst025300s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: PLC, phospholipase C, PtdInsP2, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, PtdCho, phosphatidylcholine, DAG, diacylglycerol, InsP3, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, PLD, phospholipase D, PtdOH, phosphatidic acid, PLA2, phospholipase A2, cPLA2, cytosolic PLA2, anti-Ig, goat anti mouse immunoglobulin This content is only available as a PDF. © 1997 Biochemical Society1997 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
The magic lens (2012)

We present an automatic approach to design and manufacture passive display devices based on optical hidden image decoding. Motivated by classical steganography techniques we construct Magic Lenses , composed of refractive lenslet arrays, to reveal hidden images when placed over potentially unstructured printed or displayed source images. We determine the refractive geometry of these surfaces by formulating and efficiently solving an inverse light transport problem, taking into account additional constraints imposed by the physical manufacturing processes. We fabricate several variants on the basic magic lens idea including using a single source image to encode several hidden images which are only revealed when the lens is placed at prescribed orientations on the source image or viewed from different angles. We also present an important special case, the universal lens , that forms an injection mapping from the lens surface to the source image grid, allowing it to be used with arbitrary source images. We use this type of lens to generate hidden animation sequences. We validate our simulation results with many real-world manufactured magic lenses, and experiment with two separate manufacturing processes.
ASSESSMENT OF THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF AMIFOSTINE ON RADIATION-INDUCED PULMONARY TOXICITY (2002)

The objective of this study was to assess the radioprotective effects of amifostine in the rat model of radiation-induced lung injury using fractionated doses of radiation, to determine whether amifostine given before irradiation protects tumor from radiation cytotoxicity, and to determine whether changes in plasma levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta correlate with radioprotective effect of amifostine. R3230 AC mammary adenocarcinoma was transplanted on the right posterior chest wall of female Fisher-344 rats. Both tumor-bearing and non-tumor-bearing animals were irradiated to the tumor or right lung using 4 MV photons and fractionated dose of 35 Gy/5 fractions/5 days. Animals with tumors and those without were randomized into 4 groups, respectively (8 to 10 rats per group), to receive (1) radiation alone; (2) radiation + amifostine; (3) amifostine alone; (4) sham radiation. Amifostine (150 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally 30 minutes before each fraction of irradiation. The tumor size was measured twice a week. Breathing rate was assessed every 2 weeks. TGF-beta levels in plasma were assessed monthly after treatment. Six months after irradiation, animals were euthanized and lung tissue was processed for hydroxyproline content analysis. A significant increase in breathing frequency started 9 weeks after irradiation in animals that received radiation only. In the radiation + amifostine group, there was both a delay and a significantly lower peak in breathing frequency (P < .001). Hydroxyproline content was higher in the radiation-alone group than in rats given amifostine prior to radiation (P < .05). The TGF-beta levels in plasma showed an increase from 1 to 3 months after radiation, peaking at 2 months in the rats with (2.80 +/- 0.23) or without (5.32 +/- 1.21) amifostine compared to sham irradiation. TGF-beta levels were significantly lower at 1 to 3 months in rats receiving amifostine plus radiation versus those receiving radiation alone. Tumor growth delay and regrowth rate after radiation were not different between radiation-alone and radiation + amifostine groups. This study confirms the protective effect of amifostine in reducing radiation-induced pulmonary toxicity. No tumor protection was demonstrated after fractionated radiotherapy. The reduction in pulmonary injury with amifostine in paralleling lower plasma levels of TGF-beta, suggesting that monitoring plasma levels of this cytokine may reflect the efficacy of an intervention aimed at preventing radiation-induced lung injury.
The VoiceXML dialog system for the e-commerce ordering service (2005)

The Web-based application by VoiceXML service on the Internet is gradually accepted for human-machine interaction because it provides the speech-enabled functionality and makes the telephone access a reality. However, it is not cost efficient to build voice only stand-alone Web implementation and is more reasonable that voice interfaces should be retrofitted to be compatible or collaborated with the existing HTML or XML based Web applications. Therefore, this paper considers that the functionality of the Web site should enable multiple access modalities so that human beings can perceive and interact with either visual or speech response simultaneously. Under this principle, our research develops an integrated Web based Mandarin dialog system which adopts ASR, TTS, VoiceXML browser, and VoIP technologies to create user friendly interfaces of GUI and VUI. The users can use either traditional telephone, cellular phone connection, or even VoIP by personal computer to interact with the VoiceXML server. In the mean time, the users browse the Web and access the same content. The prototype system shows excellent performance and can be easily implemented into e-commerce ordering service for wide accessibility.
Measurements of Breast Tissue Optical Properties (2001)

Near-infrared light offers unique possibilities for extracting physiological information from within biological tissues without injections, surgery, dangerous radiation, or great expense. Near-infrared light probes a centimeter deep or more, allowing non-invasive measurements below the skin surface. By separating tissue absorption from tissue scattering, near-infrared optical tissue spectroscopy quantifies the concentration and the oxygenation state of hemoglobin. Thus, one can characterize breast lesions and physiology in non- invasive fashion. Such information may provide new criteria for judging lesions as benign or malignant, and minimize the ambiguities and false-negatives encountered in conventional breast examinations. Optically monitoring physiological changes in breast tissue also provides a new way to look at disease progression and prevention. Using our custom-built instrument, we have observed in vivo changes in hemodynamics and structure that are characteristic of tumors. In addition, we have observed in vivo changes in breast tissue physiology resulting from hormone replacement therapy, menopausal status, and estrous cycle. Because our technique is safe, non invasive, and comparable in cost to ultrasound, patients can be studied as often as necessary without risk. Currently, we are preparing to perform extensive clinical measurements on women with breast tumors and on volunteers receiving hormone replacement therapy with estrogen/progesterone, tamoxifen, and raloxifene.
Développement de nouvelles formulations polymères thermoplastiques pour l’élaboration de multi-matériaux sandwich acier / polymère / acier (2010)

L'objectif de notre travail de developper des multi-materiaux de type sandwich acier/polymere/acier destines au secteur automobile en vue de l'allegement des structures. Ce nouveau materiau doit satisfaire plusieurs criteres, a savoir: i) grande deformabilite a froid en vue de l'emboutissage, ii) tenue au fluage a haute temperature (T=200°C, etape de cataphorese), iii) tenue en milieu agressif (chaud, humide, brouillard salin). De plus, l'adhesion polymere-metal doit etre maitrisee en vue d'eliminer les phenomenes de delamination lors de l'emboutissage des toles. Ce sandwich doit etre realisable sur une ligne industrielle dont la temperature maximale de complexage est limitee a 200°C. Si une solution a chacun de ces points particuliers peut etre facilement apportee, la reponse a l'ensemble de ces criteres par une formulation unique est beaucoup plus complexe. Nous nous sommes focalises sur une formulation permettant de repondre au critere de tenue au fluage pour des temperatures superieures a 200°C mais dont l'adhesion a chaud sur le metal (etape de complexage sur la ligne industrielle) doit etre a inferieure a cette meme temperature de 200°C. Pour cela nous avons developpe une formulation a base de polymeres immiscibles polyamide 11/polyolefine fonctionnalisee anhydride maleique compatibilises in-situ. Nos travaux ont donc porte sur l'optimisation de cette formulation, via le controle de la morphologie en vue de l'elaboration d'un film ayant les caracteristiques d'un fluide polymere a contrainte seuil d'ecoulement tout en ayant les proprietes d'adhesion adequate
Culture and perception of leadership: Ideal leader in the country of origin and the country of residence - case of Germany. Study report (part two) (2012)

The present paper is a supplement to the earlier report (Witkowski, Grotthus, 2011) from the intercultural research concerned with an ideal leader prototype from an immigrant's perspective. In the present part, the authors focus consecutively on four groups of foreigners (Poland, Eastern Europe, Latin Europe, Latin America) working in Germany. Comparison of outstanding leader prototypes in the country of origin and Germany yielded significant differences in all groups.
Helicobacter Pylori Derived Vacuolating Cytotoxin A (VacA) Modulates the Allergen Specific Interaction of Dendritic Cells with T Cells (2022)

Poster-Abstract
Impact of Biodiesel Source Material and Chemical Structure on Emissions of Criteria Pollutants from a Heavy-Duty Engine (2001)

Biodiesel is an oxygenated diesel fuel made from vegetable oils and animal fats by conversion of the triglyceride fats to esters via transesterification. In this study we examined biodiesels produced from a variety of real-world feedstocks as well as pure (technical grade) fatty acid methyl and ethyl esters for emissions performance in a heavy-duty truck engine. The objective was to understand the impact of biodiesel chemical structure, specifically fatty acid chain length and number of double bonds, on emissions of NOx and particulate matter (PM). A group of seven biodiesels produced from real-world feedstocks and 14 produced from pure fatty acids were tested in a heavy-duty truck engine using the U.S. heavy-duty federal test procedure (transient test). It was found that the molecular structure of biodiesel can have a substantial impact on emissions. The properties of density, cetane number, and iodine number were found to be highly correlated with one another. For neat biodiesels, PM emissions were essentially constant at about 0.07 g/bhp-h for all biodiesels as long as density was less than 0.89 g/cm3 or cetane number was greater than about 45. NOx emissions increased with increasing fuel density or decreasing fuel cetane number. Increasing the number of double bonds, quantified as iodine number, correlated with increasing emissions of NOx. Thus the increased NOx observed for some fuels cannot be explained by the NOx/PM tradeoff and is therefore not driven by thermal NO formation. For fully saturated fatty acid chains the NOx emission increased with decreasing chain length for tests using 18, 16, and 12 carbon chain molecules. Additionally, there was no significant difference in NOx or PM emissions for the methyl and ethyl esters of identical fatty acids.
Reengineering the specificity of the highly selective Clostridium botulinum protease via directed evolution (2022)

The botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) cuts a single peptide bond in SNAP25, an activity used to treat a wide range of diseases. Reengineering the substrate specificity of BoNT/A's protease domain (LC/A) could expand its therapeutic applications; however, LC/A's extended substrate recognition (≈ 60 residues) challenges conventional approaches. We report a directed evolution method for retargeting LC/A and retaining its exquisite specificity. The resultant eight-mutation LC/A (omLC/A) has improved cleavage specificity and catalytic efficiency (1300- and 120-fold, respectively) for SNAP23 versus SNAP25 compared to a previously reported LC/A variant. Importantly, the BoNT/A holotoxin equipped with omLC/A retains its ability to form full-length holotoxin, infiltrate neurons, and cleave SNAP23. The identification of substrate control loops outside BoNT/A's active site could guide the design of improved BoNT proteases and inhibitors.
A geomagnetic variation study of Scotland (1981)

Data from eighteen Gough—Reitzel magnetometers and four flux-gate magnetometers, which were operated in North Scotland, are presented and discussed. The coverage given by this set of instruments was not dense enough to resolve satisfactorily the complex induction anomalies in this area but some of the major features seen are described. The features observed cannot be accounted for either by oceanic induction effects or by source field effects. The Great Glen shows up as a major conductivity feature. Other effects are also observed, some apparently associated with the highly resistive granites found in this area.