gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Frame Structure Design and Analysis for Millimeter Wave Cellular Systems (2017)

The millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies have attracted considerable attention for fifth generation (5G) cellular communication as they offer orders of magnitude greater bandwidth than current systems. However, the medium access control (MAC) layer may need to be significantly redesigned to support the highly directional transmissions, and the demand for ultra-low latencies and high peak rates expected in mmWave communication. To address these challenges, we present a novel mmWave MAC layer frame structure with a number of enhancements, including flexible, highly granular transmission times, dynamic control signal locations, extended messaging, and the ability to efficiently multiplex directional control signals. Analytic formulas are derived for the utilization and control overhead as a function of control periodicity, number of users, traffic statistics, signal-to-noise ratio, and antenna gains. Importantly, the analysis can incorporate various front-end MIMO capability assumptions-a critical feature of mmWave. Under realistic system and traffic assumptions, the analysis reveals that the proposed flexible frame structure design offers significant benefits over designs with fixed frame structures similar to current 4G long-term evolution. It is also shown that the fully digital beamforming architectures offer significantly lower overhead compared with analog and hybrid beamforming under equivalent power budgets.
Bandwidth Enhancement of GaN MMIC Doherty Power Amplifiers Using Broadband Transformer-Based Load Modulation Network (2019)

In this paper, we present a bandwidth enhancement technique for monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) Doherty power amplifiers (DPAs) in wireless transmitters. A broadband load modulation network is proposed by exploiting transformers and output-referred parasitic capacitances of the carrier and peaking transistors of DPA. The proposed network comprises two transformers that are used to improve frequency response of the load impedance presented to the carrier transistor at back-off and extend the DPA bandwidth. The network benefits from a unity transformation ratio and it can be readily realized by using edge-coupled microstrip transmission lines. Optimal coupling coefficients of the two transformers are determined based on bandwidth and insertion loss considerations. A proof-of-concept DPA is implemented in a 0.25-μm GaN MMIC process. It achieves 35-36 dBm output power, 42.8-48.7% drain efficiency at peak power and 24.4-31.6% at 6-dB back-off, over 4.5-6.0 GHz bandwidth. When excited by a 100-MHz 64-QAM signal with 8 dB peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), the DPA exhibits 29.3 dBm average output power and 28.4% average drain efficiency, while the error vector magnitude (EVM) is -30.5 dB (3%) without any predistortion.
Antithrombin (1971)

Summary An evaluation of the mode of action of antithrombin in the temporary inhibition of purified 3.7 S bovine thrombin was made according to traditional enzyme inhibition theory. Using enzyme clotting activity and concentration of active sites synonymously, it was observed that the binding of antithrombin to thrombin followed a second order reaction that could be distinguished into an essentially irreversible phase and a slower, potentially reversible phase. The level of steady state enzyme inhibition depended upon the ratio of the initial concentrations of enzyme to antithrombin. In addition, there occurred a rapid enhancement of enzyme esterolytic activity during the concomitant loss in clotting activity. This enhancement was also observed for acetylated thrombin which had no proteolytic activity. Under high concentrations of antithrombin, this enhancement subsequently deteriorated. A working hypothesis, including equations, for a mutual depletion system is presented to account for the known parameters of enzyme inhibition by antithrombin. We compared the neutralization of thrombin C with autoprothrombin C and found that each enzyme responds to antithrombin according to similar kinetic relationships.
Applications of submillimeter wave technology for SDI (1992)

This paper examines the potential use of using submillimeter wave technology (actually 3 mm to 100 microns, or frequencies between 100 GHz and 3 THz) for SDI applications, especially for endo-KEW systems. The requirements and functions for a multipurpose weapon sensor are considered. The emphasis is on active sensors, but certain elements of passive sensors are mentioned that could play an important role. The rest of the paper provides information on the state-of-the-art in submillimeter wave technology, especially current component activity, and future plans.
Microgrid Protection (2017)

The proliferation of distributed energy resources is setting the stage for modern distribution systems to operate as microgrids, which can avoid power disruptions and serve as resources for fast recovery during macrogrid disturbances. Microgrids are, therefore, major assets to improve the grid resilience. However, the offered resilience is seriously undermined if microgrids are not properly protected in the event of faults within their own boundaries. Distribution protective devices cannot reliably protect microgrids due to the variable and often limited short-circuit capacities of microgrids. Moreover, the research on microgrid protection has not led to a commercially available microgrid relay to date and has little prospect of reaching that level in the near future. As a result, the existing options for reliable microgrid protection remain effectively the subtransmission and transmission system protective devices, e.g., directional overcurrent, distance, and differential relays. Although years of operation in macrogrids support these relays, their performance for microgrids is yet to be analyzed. This paper presents such analysis for different relay types by considering various fault and generation conditions in a microgrid. Time-domain simulations are used to identify the scenarios where the relays function correctly as well as the problematic conditions, on which future research should focus. This paper also presents a short review on direct current (dc) microgrids and their protection requirements.
Viscoelastic Strain Hardening Model for Gasket Creep Relaxation (2013)

This paper proposes a novel strain hardening model for investigating gasket creep relaxation under compressive step-loading at room temperature. A closed form solution is developed for predicting the steady-state gasket pressure. Step-loading of the gasket may be directly achieved and controlled, or indirectly estimated through the bolt tightening and retightening torque. The effect of gasket material, time duration at each stress level, as well as the geometric parameters of the gasket are investigated. An experimental procedure and test setup are used to validate the proposed gasket model.
The curcumin derivative WZ35 activates ROS-dependent JNK to suppress hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis (2018)

Tumor metastasis is the leading cause of cancer death; due to the progress made in the elucidation of the mechanism of cancer cell metastasis, there is hope for patients with severe stages of cancer. Curcumin, as a novel anti-cancer drug, has been applied in cancer therapy; however, the toxicity of curcumin hinders its application. Herein, we constructed a novel derivative, WZ35, and evaluated its metastatic inhibition properties in vitro and in vivo. CCK-8 assay was performed to evaluate the tumor suppressive activity of WZ35. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry analysis. Transwell cell migration assay and RTCA were used to detect cell migration in mock and WZ35-treated cells. Western blotting was performed to analyze molecular alteration with different treatments. In this study, we found that curcumin and its derivative WZ35 could dramatically suppress proliferation, invasion, and migration of the hepatocellular HCCLM3, HepG2, and Huh7 cancer cells. Moreover, the cancer cell metastatic markers MMP-2, MMP-9, and N-cadherin were decreased, and E-cadherin was up-regulated. In addition, our data show that WZ35 promotes ROS-dependent JNK activation that is essential for WZ35-caused cell metastasis suppression. Moreover, the NAC and JNK inhibitor SP600125 could dramatically reverse WZ35-caused MMP-2, MMP-9, and N-cadherin reduction and E-cadherin up-regulation. We have also found that WZ35 exhibits powerful anti-metastasis activity of HCCLM3 in vivo. In conclusion, our data indicated that WZ35 could be a candidate for the treatment of metastatic liver cancer patients.
Axons regulate Schwann cell expression of the POU transcription factor SCIP (1994)

SCIP (suppressed cAMP-inducible POU) is a POU domain transcription factor expressed by Schwann cells. Drugs that elevate intracellular cAMP, such as forskolin, increase the expression of SCIP and partially mimic the inductive effects of axons on Schwann cell gene expression. Thus, SCIP may be involved in a differentiation pathway in Schwann cells that is activated by axons. We have examined this issue by studying SCIP expression in developing, degenerating, and regenerating rat peripheral nerves, and in Schwann cell-neuron cocultures. High levels of SCIP mRNA were detected in developing and regenerating nerves, and axotomy at these times caused the level of SCIP mRNA to plummet. Similarly, there were many SCIP-immunoreactive Schwann cell nuclei in developing and regenerating nerves, and their number fell sharply after axotomy. SCIP-immunoreactive Schwann cells were associated with axons in developing and regenerating nerves, and in Schwann cell-neuron cocultures. These data demonstrate that axons upregulate the expression of SCIP in Schwann cells, and that SCIP is expressed in Schwann cells that ensheathe axons. Thus, SCIP may mediate some of the changes in Schwann cell gene expression that accompany axonal ensheathment.
Metal-hydride alkynyl .fwdarw. metal-vinylidene rearrangements occurring in both solid state and solution. Role of the 1-alkyne substituent in determining the relative stability of .pi.-alkyne, hydride alkynyl, and vinylidene forms at cobalt (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetal-hydride alkynyl .fwdarw. metal-vinylidene rearrangements occurring in both solid state and solution. Role of the 1-alkyne substituent in determining the relative stability of .pi.-alkyne, hydride alkynyl, and vinylidene forms at cobaltClaudio Bianchini, Maurizio Peruzzini, Alberto Vacca, and Fabrizio ZanobiniCite this: Organometallics 1991, 10, 10, 3697–3707Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00056a048https://doi.org/10.1021/om00056a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views491Altmetric-Citations91LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Relationship between Intraoperative Hypotension, Defined by Either Reduction from Baseline or Absolute Thresholds, and Acute Kidney and Myocardial Injury after Noncardiac Surgery (2016)

The associations based on relative thresholds were no stronger than those based on absolute thresholds. Furthermore, there was no clinically important interaction with preoperative pressure. Anesthetic management can thus be based on intraoperative pressures without regard to preoperative pressure.
Ru(II)-Catalyzed Direct C(sp2)–H Activation/Selenylation of Arenes with Selenyl Chlorides (2016)

A new ruthenium catalytic system was developed for the construction of a C(sp(2))-Se bond with the assistance of directing groups. This protocol features mild reaction conditions, wider substrate scope, and convenient late-stage selenylation of bioactive molecules.
All digital built-in delay and crosstalk measurement for on-chip buses (2000)

This paper proposes an all digital on-chip bus delay and crosstalk measurement methodology. A diagnosis procedure is derived to distinguish the delay faults in drivers, receivers, and wires. The crosstalk pro le is plotted by monitoring the changes in delay with the presence of the crosstalk. The distinguished f e atures include all digital design and low hardware overhead. The SPICE simulation results prove the feasibility of the methodology.
Fluorescence-enhanced tomographic imaging in large phantoms using gain-modulated ICCD camera (2003)

A frequency-domain photon migration (FDPM) imager employing an image-intensified CCD camera for fast data acquisition on a large tissue-mimicking phantom (1087 ml) is described. Fluorescence-enhanced imaging is performed employing frequency-domain techniques at 100 MHz in order to obtain the boundary measurements of phase and amplitude and to recover the interior optical maps using the first principles of light propagation. The effect of refractive-index parameter in the boundary condition of the light propagation model is not significant due to the large phantom volume and its curvilinear nature. Initial experiments were performed under perfect (1:0 contrast) and imperfect (100:1 contrast) uptake cases using indocyanine green as the contrast agent. Preliminary 3D image reconstructions using the approximate extended Kalman filter (AEKF) algorithm are presented.
Regulation of T Cell Anergy and Escape from Regulatory T Cell Suppression by Cbl‐b (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Mechanisms of T cell tolerance induction Molecular establishment of T cell anergy Ubiquitin E3 ligases in T cell tolerance Molecular function and regulation of Cbl-b Physiological relevance of Cbl-b The role of Cbl-b in T cell tolerance Deregulation of Cbl-b in disease Therapeutic potential of Cbl-b in tumour immunity Implications for autoimmune disease References
Influence of Cultivar and Processing on Cherry (Prunus avium) Allergenicity (2006)

Oral allergy syndrome is an immediate food allergic event that affects lips, mouth, and pharynx, is often triggered by fruits and vegetables, and may be associated with pollinosis. Here, we report on the allergenic pattern of different varieties of cherry (Prunus avium) and results obtained by applying several technological processes to the selected varieties. Whole cherries were submitted to chemical peeling, thermal treatment, and syruping processes, and the relative protein extracts were analyzed by in vitro (sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting analysis) and in vivo tests (skin prick test). Electrophoretic analyses demonstrated that there was no marked difference among cherry cultivars. Chemical peeling successfully removed Pru av 3, a lipid transfer protein (LTP) responsible for oral allergy syndrome in patients without pollinosis, leading to the industrial production of cherry hypoallergenic derivatives. Furthermore, the syruping process removed almost all allergenic proteins to whom patients with pollinosis are responsive. In vivo tests confirmed electrophoretic results.
Determining the Structure of Polyimide—Metal Interfaces Using Fourier Transform IR and Raman Spectroscopy (1995)

Reflection-absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIR) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) were used to determine the structure of interphases formed by polyamic acids which were spin-coated onto silver and gold substrates and then heated at elevated temperatures to complete the imidization reaction. Polyimides having relatively rigid backbones, such as those prepared from pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and oxydianiline (ODA), formed films in which the long axes of the molecules were oriented mostly parallel to the substrate surface. Polyimides having relatively flexible backbones, such as those prepared from 4,4'-hexafluoroisopropylidene dianhydride (6FDA) and ODA, mostly formed films in which there was little preferred orientation of the polymer molecules. However, for 6FDA/ODA films having a thickness of only a few tens of angstroms, a preferred orientation was observed in which the C6H4 rings of the ODA moieties were oriented parallel to the substrate surface. Regardless of the flexibility of the backbone, the polymers interacted with silver substrates by formation of carboxylate species but there was little evidence of carboxylate formation on gold substrates. Thiol-terminated oligomers such as 4-mercaptophenylphthalimide (4-MPP) formed monolayers when adsorbed onto gold from dilute solutions. However, the orientation of the molecular axes was much different than for PMDA/ODA. Whereas PMDA/ODA was oriented with the long axes of the molecules almost parallel to the gold surface, 4-MPP was oriented with the two-fold symmetry axes of the molecules almost perpendicular to the surface.
Tests of Six Continuous Flow CPAP Devices (1991)

Six continuous flow CPAP devices were tested for pressure fluctuation and stability of inhaled oxygen concentration under conditions of simulated respiration. Four of the systems, the Ambu, Auspap, Downs'-Vital Signs and the Dräger are commercially available and two, the Prince Henry (PHH) and the Prince of Wales (POW) systems were assembled from Bird respirator parts, which were available in the respective Intensive Care Units. All appeared to be clinically effective. The Ambu offers convenience and economy of gases, the Dräger showed the least pressure fluctuations. Three of the four commercial systems lacked certain safety features which could more easily be added to the two non-commercial devices.
The transcription factor AtMYB12 is part of a feedback loop regulating cell division orientation in the root meristem vasculature (2023)

Transcriptional networks are crucial to integrate various internal and external signals into optimal responses during plant growth and development. In Arabidopsis thaliana, primary root vasculature patterning and proliferation are controlled by a network centred around the basic Helix-Loop-Helix transcription factor complex, formed by TARGET OF MONOPTEROS 5 (TMO5) and LONESOME HIGHWAY (LHW), which control cell proliferation and division orientation by modulating the cytokinin response and other downstream factors. Despite recent progress, many aspects of the TMO5/LHW pathway are not fully understood. In particular, the upstream regulators of TMO5/LHW activity remain unknown. Here, using a forward genetics approach to identify new factors of the TMO5/LHW pathway, we discovered a novel function of the MYB-type transcription factor, MYB12. MYB12 physically interacts with TMO5 and dampens the TMO5/LHW-mediated induction of direct target gene expression, as well as the periclinal/radial cell divisions. The expression of MYB12 is activated by the cytokinin response, downstream of TMO5/LHW, resulting in a novel MYB12-mediated negative feedback loop that restricts TMO5/LHW activity, to ensure optimal cell proliferation rates during root vascular development.
Eddy Current Defectoscope for Monitoring the Duralumin and Aluminum-Magnesium Alloys (2016)

The system developed is based on an eddy-current transducer of the transformer type, and is capable of inspecting plates made of duralumin and aluminum-magnesium alloys for defects. The measurement system supports absolute and differential control modes. The system was tested on a number of duralumin and aluminum-magnesium plates with internal flaws located as deep as 5 mm under the surface. The article provides data that demonstrates a link between the response time and the presence of defects in similar structures at a signal frequency of 1000 Hz.
A framework for pipeline infrastructure monitoring using wireless sensor networks (2007)

Ad hoc and sensor networks is a new area of research which is rapidly growing due to the development of new technologies in inexpensive sensors. These electronic devices have increased capabilities in processing speed, memory, communication and networking [21][22]. Such sensor networks have a vast amount of applications including environmental monitoring, military, ecology, agriculture, inventory control, robotics and health care. This paper discusses the issues and challenges in the use of this new and very promising technology in the protection and monitoring of the critical and essential infrastructures of pipelines carrying oil, gas, water, and other important resources. The paper presents an architectural model that can be used to provide this monitoring and control functions. The model includes an overview of networking and routing protocols that can be used to provide the necessary communications. In addition, the paper provides discussions and recommendations concerning network reliability and the use of different wireless sensor technologies and protocols.
Corrigendum: Anakinra Therapy for Non-cancer Inflammatory Diseases (2019)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01157.].
Atomic force microscopy of deformation relief in ZrO2 (Y2O3) ceramics (2019)

The deformation relief of the indentation zone of ZrO2–5.5 wt %Y2O3 ceramics with 0.5, 0.9 and 1.55 µm grain size was investigated by atomic force microscope. It was shown that the average height of the deformation relief slightly changed with increases of the ceramics grain size. The width of the zone with altered phase contrast measured near the corner of indent in the crack propagation region increases from 0.6 to 1.7 µm. At the same time, quantitative analysis has shown that proportion of relief with altered phase contrast increased from 11% in ceramics with 0.5 µm grain size to 27% in ceramics with 1.55 µm grain size.
Lateral p-n junctions and quantum wires formed by quasi two-dimensional electron and hole systems at corrugated GaAs/AlGaAs interfaces (1992)

We report the results of modeling lateral p-n junctions and p-n-p quantum wire structures at corrugated GaAs/AlGaAs interfaces, using the surface orientation dependent amphoteric nature of Si doping. We determine the potential landscape and the electron and hole charge densities within a semiclassical Thomas–Fermi screening model, and then solve the two-dimensional Schrödinger equation using finite elements for the quantized electron and hole states at the heterointerfaces. We demonstrate the formation of a one-dimensional electron system confined between two lateral p-n junctions, and discuss the advantages of this structure compared to conventional electrostatic confinement schemes for fabricating quantum wires.
Development of remote microsurgery robot and new surgical procedure for deep and narrow space (2004)

We developed both new operation procedure and new robot system for remote micro surgery at deep and narrow space of human body. This system allows us to operate a difficult microsurgery that conventional method cannot be achieved. Our system consists of flexible stem and slave micro manipulators which can enter deep site such as brain through narrow channel. The macro motion of master manipulator can be converted into miniature motion of the slave microsurgery manipulator with five degrees of freedom in 3 mm diameter. This system has been taking advantage of flexible catheter and decoupled micro manipulator invented by Ikuta. Total performance was verified by animal experiment.