gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of electrophysiological and motility assays to study anthelmintic effects in Caenorhabditis elegans (2021)

Currently, only a few chemical drug classes are available to control the global burden of nematode infections in humans and animals. Most of these drugs exert their anthelmintic activity by interacting with proteins such as ion channels, and the nematode neuromuscular system remains a promising target for novel intervention strategies. Many commonly-used phenotypic readouts such as motility provide only indirect insight into neuromuscular function and the site(s) of action of chemical compounds. Electrophysiological recordings provide more specific information but are typically technically challenging and lack high throughput for drug discovery. Because drug discovery relies strongly on the evaluation and ranking of drug candidates, including closely related chemical derivatives, precise assays and assay combinations are needed for capturing and distinguishing subtle drug effects. Past studies show that nematode motility and pharyngeal pumping (feeding) are inhibited by most anthelmintic drugs. Here we compare two microfluidic devices ("chips") that record electrophysiological signals from the nematode pharynx (electropharyngeograms; EPGs) ─ the ScreenChip™ and the 8-channel EPG platform ─ to evaluate their respective utility for anthelmintic research. We additionally compared EPG data with whole-worm motility measurements obtained with the wMicroTracker instrument. As references, we used three macrocyclic lactones (ivermectin, moxidectin, and milbemycin oxime), and levamisole, which act on different ion channels. Drug potencies (IC<sub>50</sub> and IC<sub>95</sub> values) from concentration-response curves, and the time-course of drug effects, were compared across platforms and across drugs. Drug effects on pump timing and EPG waveforms were also investigated. These experiments confirmed drug-class specific effects of the tested anthelmintics and illustrated the relative strengths and limitations of the different assays for anthelmintic research.
Data from Functional Genetic Screens Identify Genes Essential for Tumor Cell Survival in Head and Neck and Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Despite continuous improvement of treatment regimes, the mortality rates for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain disappointingly high and novel anticancer agents are urgently awaited.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We combined the data from genome-wide siRNA screens on tumor cell lethality in a lung and a head and neck cancer cell line.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; We identified 71 target genes that seem essential for the survival of both cancer types. We identified a cluster of 20 genes that play an important role during G&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;–M phase transition, underlining the importance of this cell-cycle checkpoint for tumor cell survival. Five genes from this cluster (&lt;i&gt;CKAP5&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;KPNB1&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;RAN&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;TPX2&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;KIF11&lt;/i&gt;) were evaluated in more detail and have been shown to be essential for tumor cell survival in both tumor types, but most particularly in HNSCC. Phenotypes that were observed following siRNA-mediated knockdown of &lt;i&gt;KIF11&lt;/i&gt; (kinesin family member 11) were reproduced by inhibition of KIF11 using the small-molecule inhibitor ispinesib (SB-715992). We showed that ispinesib induces a G&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; arrest, causes aberrant chromosome segregation, and induces cell death in HNSCC &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;, whereas primary keratinocytes are less sensitive. Furthermore, growth of HNSCC cells engrafted in immunodeficient mice was significantly inhibited after ispinesib treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; This study identified a wide array of druggable genes for both lung and head and neck cancer. In particular, multiple genes involved in the G&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;–M checkpoint were shown to be essential for tumor cell survival, indicating their potential as anticancer targets. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 19(8); 1994–2003. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Palladium‐Catalyzed [3 + 2] Intramolecular Cycloaddition of Alk‐5‐enylidenecyclopropanes. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Isomerization of Substituted Biphenyls by Superacid. A Remarkable Confluence of Experiment and Theory (2002)

Acid-catalyzed isomerization of dimethylbiphenyls is determined by the relative stability of intermediate carbocations, rather than the neutral products, and may be predicted by a simple semiempirical method (AM1). A general kinetic model for such isomerizations is suggested in which the rearrangement of an intermediate cation is the rate-limiting step. Control of regiochemistry of dialkylbiphenyls provides a useful entry into high-purity monomers for high-polymer synthesis.
Polymerization with Dinuclear Metallocene Compounds (2001)

The metallocene compounds had been applied to the polymerizations of olefins and vinyl monomers with methylaluminoxane (MAO) cocatalyst, and they have usually one transition metal atom per molecule, i.e., mononuclear metallocene. Recently it has been found that the dinuclear metallocene compounds containing two transition metal atoms exhibit the peculiar polymerization behaviors for olefins and vinyl monomers. In this article, the dinuclear metallocenes are classified into four groups of dinuclear bent-metallocene, dinuclear ansa-metallocene, dinuclear constrained geometry catalyst and dinuclear half-metallocene, and then the synthesis of dinuclear metallocene of each group as well as the polymerization behaviors for ethylene, propylene, and styrene are described.
Decomposition of multicomponent mass spectra using Bayesian probability theory (2002)

We present a method for the decomposition of the mass spectra of mixed gases using Bayesian probability theory. The method works without any calibration measurement and therefore applies also to the analysis of spectra containing unstable species. For the example of mixtures of three different hydrocarbon gases the algorithm provides concentrations and cracking coefficients of each mixture component and also their confidence intervals. The amount of information needed to obtain reliable results and its relation to the accuracy of our analysis are discussed.
Peptide hormone precursors, subunits, and fragments as human tumor markers. (1985)

Hormone-related peptides (HRPs) are more frequently and abundantly produced in ectopic hormone-secreting tumors than in tumors of the respective endocrine glands. Most HRPs may have little functional activity. Therefore, tumors producing even high amounts of HRPs are either clinically silent or produce minor endocrine symptoms. The potential use of HRPs as tumor markers has several limitations. The difference in production and secretion between the tumor tissues and the respective normal endocrine glands is usually only a quantitative one. In cancer patients, different patterns of structural heterogeneity for different forms of hormone precursors and fragments may occur. Marked variation in the production and secretion of HRPs may occur depending on the physiological conditions; in some patients the amounts of HRPs may be about the same as in normal persons. Furthermore, the relative amounts of these substances, either in blood or in tumor tissues, may not be useful for prognosis.
“高赌注”的伙伴关系：底牌在谁手里？ (2006)

最近有一些科技伙伴关系，似乎很难想出哪位合作伙伴是从强势地位出牌，哪位也许是在虚张声势。如同扑克玩家们一样，科技公司为各自利益而施展全力。但是，伙伴关系经常使这种“不惜一切代价获胜”的思想变得模糊。以2005年11月底宣布的高通（Qualcomm）公司与三星（Samsung）公司的伙伴关系为例，三星作为手机制造商，已经是高通公司摄大的客户之一了。现在，三星将是一位代工伙伴，为高通制造手机芯片。这是高通找到最佳制造伙伴的案例之一吗？我不那么肯定。
Mixed Infections: The Interaction of Mycoplasmas and Malaria Parasites (1972)

This chapter contains section titled: Plasmodium Berghei Infection and Paralysis Attempts to Culture Mycoplasmas Antibiotic Sensitivity Tests Serological Tests to Establish the role of Mycoplasmas in Paralysis Artificial Reproduction of the Paralytic Syndrome Role of the Spleen in the Paralytic Syndrome Discussion Summary Acknowledgements References Discussion References General discussion I References
Induction motor fault detection by space vector angular fluctuation (2002)

A new method of obtaining diagnostic data from induction motors, derived from space vector angular fluctuation, is presented in this paper. It obtains data from stator current by exploring the position of the current space vector in the space vector plane. Variations of the phase angle of the vector are subjected to Fourier transformation and analysed in the frequency domain. The method has been tested on laboratory induction motors with simulated stator faults, rotor resistance unbalance, supply voltage unbalance, as well as with computer simulation. The Goertzel algorithm is employed as a tool for real-time fault monitoring of the frequency domain. In the case of a stator fault, which can develop rapidly, this allows diagnosis within a few cycles. As well as providing a new tool in motor diagnostics, this method is able to detect both stator and rotor faults, and gives a good basis for an integrated induction motor condition monitor.
Continuum of prion protein structures enciphers a multitude of prion isolate-specified phenotypes (2006)

On passaging synthetic prions, two isolates emerged with incubation times differing by nearly 100 days. Using conformational-stability assays, we determined the guanidine hydrochloride (Gdn.HCl) concentration required to denature 50% of disease-causing prion protein (PrP(Sc)) molecules, denoted as the [Gdn.HCl](1/2) value. For the two prion isolates enciphering shorter and longer incubation times, [Gdn.HCl](1/2) values of 2.9 and 3.7 M, respectively, were found. Intrigued by this result, we measured the conformational stabilities of 30 prion isolates from synthetic and naturally occurring sources that had been passaged in mice. When the incubation times were plotted as a function of the [Gdn.HCl](1/2) values, a linear relationship was found with a correlation coefficient of 0.93. These findings demonstrate that (i) less stable prions replicate more rapidly than do stable prions, and (ii) a continuum of PrP(Sc) structural states enciphers a multitude of incubation-time phenotypes. Our data argue that cellular machinery must exist for propagating a large number of different PrP(Sc) conformers, each of which enciphers a distinct biological phenotype as reflected by a specific incubation time. The biophysical explanation for the unprecedented plasticity of PrP(Sc) remains to be determined.
Presence of a plant-like glyoxalase II in Candida albicans. (1990)

Glyoxalase II from Candida albicans was purified by affinity chromatography on S-carbobenzoxyglutathione-Affi Gel 10. The enzyme was characterized and compared with the glyoxalases II from animal and plant sources. The relative molecular mass is 29 kDa, and the isoelectric point (pI) is 6.0. The acidic pI value appears to be typical for plant glyoxalase II, in contrast to the uniformly basic glyoxalase II pI values from animals. S-D-Lactoylglutathione and S-acetoacetylglutathione are the best substrates, and S-carbobenzoxyglutathione is the best inhibitor of the yeast enzyme. Glutathione derivatives with a thioether bond are not inhibitory. Glyoxalase II from Candida albicans is compared either with animal and plant enzymes.
Multidimensional control of profile extrusion (1986)

Abstract Dimensional changes in complex profile extrusions are classified as overall size and local shape changes which can be related naturally and systematically to changes in operating conditions. The theoretical basis and supporting experimental data for simultaneous, independent control of certain classes of extrudate dimensions are presented for the following strategies: (1) size control by manipulating line speed relative to extruder output rate, (2) shape control by manipulating extrudate swell through adjustments in stock temperature, and (3) shape control by manipulating local die flow by adjusting the die temperature set point.
Ruthenium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Insertion of Electrophiles (2005)

[reaction: see text]. A ruthenium complex, Cp*Ru(bipyridyl)Cl, has been developed as a catalyst for the first regioselective tandem Michael addition-allylic alkylation of activated Michael acceptors. The net transformation is the decarboxylative insertion of Michael acceptors into allyl beta-ketoesters.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Buffer Layers for the Growth of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays (2019)

Vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays (VACNTs) show a great potential for various applications, such as thermal interface materials (TIMs). Besides the thermally oxidized SiO<sub>2</sub>, atomic layer deposition (ALD) was also used to synthesize oxide buffer layers before the deposition of the catalyst, such as Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub>, and ZnO. The growth of VACNTs was found to be largely dependent on different oxide buffer layers, which generally prevented the diffusion of the catalyst into the substrate. Among them, the thickest and densest VACNTs could be achieved on Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and carbon nanotubes were mostly triple-walled. Besides, the deposition temperature was critical to the growth of VACNTs on Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and their growth rate obviously reduced above 650 °C, which might be related to the Ostwald ripening of the catalyst nanoparticles or subsurface diffusion of the catalyst. Furthermore, the VACNTs/graphene composite film was prepared as the thermal interface material. The VACNTs and graphene were proved to be the effective vertical and transverse heat transfer pathways in it, respectively.
Analyse de la réponse d'un polymère fortement chargé sous chargements dynamiques (2013)

International audience
Cyclic pursuit in three dimensions (2010)

Pursuit strategies for interacting particles and feedback laws to execute them are formulated in three dimensions, focusing on constant bearing (CB) pursuit - a case of interest in biology. In the analysis of such laws for the setting of n particles engaged in cyclic pursuit, we reveal interesting invariant manifold dynamics and associated explicit integrability properties, as well as conditions for special solutions such as relative equilibria.
Demonstration of a Smart Villa Energy Monitoring Platform in Qatar (2019)

In this paper, we present an overview of smart villa energy monitoring platform deployed in Qatar. The platform collects electricity consumption, indoor climate (temperature, humidity), and occupancy data in real time using energy monitors and smart sensors. Data is sent to our server located in Switzerland where energy management simulations are performed. The developed platform presents a low cost energy monitoring and management platform for residential units.
Impact of test stress (T<inf>cmin</inf>) on intermittent operating life (2016)

Intermittent operating life is one of the most important reliability items in the application of power semiconductor devices. The intermittent operating lifetime is affected by several factors, such as the variables temperature swing ΔT, T <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">min</inf> , power-on-time (ton), chip thickness, bonding technology, diameter (D) of bonding wire, current per wire bond (I) and package type. In this paper, we report on the effect of T <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">cmin</inf> on the intermittent operating life test. The test results under these two different start conditions are analyzed and discussed. Failure analysis is also used, to understand the failure mechanisms induced by intermittent operating life tests. The results show, when fixing other test conditions, the higher T <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">cmin</inf> is, the shorter the intermittent operating lifetime is. And the power-off-time can be shorten by rising T <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">cmin</inf> , but the power-on-time is not influenced.
Long Cycle Life, High Power Prussian Blue Analogue Battery Electrodes (2012)

Abstract not Available.
Annual Report on U.S. Wind Power Installation, Cost, and Performance Trends: 2006 (2007)

Report summarizing the key trends in the U.S. wind industry in 2007.
Thermal Inactivation, Heat Injury, and Recovery of Staphylococcus Aureus (1965)

The heat resistance of Staphylococcus aureus MF31 in various heating media was completely described by determining the D and z values. Only about 1% of the total surviving heat-treated cells, as determfi~ed by plating on Trypticase Soy Agar, were capable of growing on Trypticase Soy Agar containing 7.5% (w/v) NaC1. These heat-injured salt-sensitive cells were shown to recover their salt tolerance without growth in the presence of 5% glucose or galactose. Recovery could not be demonstrated with other carbohydrates or metabolites.
5‐HT1‐like receptors mediate 5‐hydroxytryptamine‐induced contraction of human isolated basilar artery (1989)

1. The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor mediating contraction of endothelium denuded human basilar artery has been characterized in vitro. 2. 5-HT and a variety of 5-HT agonists contracted human isolated basilar artery with a rank order of agonist potency, 5-carboxamidotryptamine (5-CT) greater than 5-HT identical to methysergide greater than GR43175 much greater than 8-OHDPAT much greater than 2-methyl-5-HT. The maximum response produced by these agonists differed. 3. None of the agonists relaxed human basilar artery when tone was elevated with prostaglandin F2 alpha, indeed further contraction was seen. 4. The contractile responses of human basilar artery to 5-HT and the selective 5-HT1-like agonist GR43175 were highly reproducible whilst those to 5-CT were not. 5. The contractile response to both 5-HT and GR43175 was resistant to antagonism by ketanserin and GR38032, thus excluding activation of 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 receptors. The contractile action of 5-HT and GR43175 was also not antagonized by (+/-)-cyanopindolol, excluding the activation of receptors similar to 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B recognition sites identified in ligand binding studies. 6. In marked contrast, methiothepin was a potent antagonist of the contractile actions of both 5-HT and GR43175, with a pA2 value of 8.8 against both agonists. Methiothepin (100 nM) had no effect on the contractile response to the thromboxane A2-mimetic U46619. 7. We conclude that 5-HT and GR43175 contract the human isolated basilar artery by activating the same receptor type. This receptor appears identical to the 5-HT1-like receptor causing contraction of the dog isolated saphenous vein and cerebral blood vessels from the dog and primate.
Principles of Generalization for Learning Sequential Structure in Language (2008)

How do learners discover patterns in the sequential structure of their language?Infants and adults have surprising abilities to learn structure in simple artificial languages, but the mechanisms are unknown.Here we introduce a rule-based Bayesian model incorporating two principles: minimal generalization and representational parsimony.We apply our model to tasks in artificial language learning and inflectional morphology and show that it fits behavioral results from infants and adults and learns inflectional rules from natural data.
Experimental and Clinical Percutaneous Angioscopy Experience with Dynamic Angioplasty (1990)

The authors have used ultrathin angioscopes with high optical resolution to assess the effects of dynamic angioplasty in vitro and in vivo. Experimentally, angioscopy was used to study the effects of the 5F "Kensey" catheter in "normal" porcine coronary arteries (NPCA) and postmortem human coronary arteries (PMHCA). In NPCA, the catheter keeps a coaxial position. Intimal flaps (IFs) were seen in 21/23 NPCAs. They occurred with all cam rotation speeds and were usually single and small (less than 25% of lumen). Perforations in patent arteries were rare (1/23). However, when the catheter was forced against the wall by passing through a narrowing of 5F diameter (made by a band ligature), perforations were more common at higher cam speeds. The epicardium remained intact in two thirds of perforations. Angioscopy visualized perforations in only 10% of cases (1/10), the common sign being that of large and multiple intimal flaps, which were often obstructive (5/10). In PMHCAs, angioscopy was more sensitive than angiography in detecting atheromatous lesions. The authors were able to give a better assessment of the effect of dynamic angioplasty on treated lesions, including the demonstration of intimal flaps that were not visible on angiography. In vivo, they have performed percutaneous angioscopy before and after dynamic angioplasty using 8 French Kensey catheters. Angioscopy revealed features that were not shown angiographically.
Block DFE and windowing for doppler-affected ofdm systems (2005)

Recently, a minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) block linear equalizer based on a band LDL/sup H/ factorization has been proposed for equalization of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems affected by Doppler spread. In this paper, we extend this approach towards two directions. First, we design an MMSE block decision-feedback equalizer (DFE) based on the band LDL/sup H/ factorization. Both performance and complexity are analyzed. Second, we enhance the performance of the linear equalizer by means of receiver windows tailored to the band LDL/sup H/ factorization approach. Simulation results show that the proposed techniques are effective in reducing the error floor caused by the intercarrier interference (ICI).
Banyan networks for partitioning multiprocessor systems (1973)

This paper describes a class of partitioning networks, called banyans, whose cost function grows more slowly than that of the crossbar and whose fan-out requirements are independent of network size. Such networks can economically partition the resources of large modular systems into a wide variety of subsystems. Any possible partition can be realized by paralleling several networks or by multiplexing a single network in a manner to be described later. Results will be given indicating that a cost/performance advantage over the crossbar can be obtained for large systems and that the crossbar can, in fact, be considered a non-optimal special case of a banyan network. Inherent fail-soft capability and the existence of rapid control algorithms which can be largely performed by distributed logic within the network are also important attributes of banyans. This paper presents fundamental properties and preliminary simulation results of banyan partitioning networks. A more detailed treatment, including proofs of theoretical properties, is reserved for reference (5).
Comparative Bioavailability Study of a New Vitamin D3 Orodispersible Film Versus a Marketed Oral Solution in Healthy Volunteers (2022)

The study was retrospectively registered with the ISRCTN Registry (Registry code: ISRCTN13208948) on 27 November 2020.