gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta 1) and insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) messenger RNA in the developing subcutaneous tissue (SQ) of the fetal pig. (1992)

Studies (in situ hybridization) were performed on the developing subcutaneous tissue (SQ) of the pig fetus to determine sites of synthesis of TGF-beta 1 and IGF-II. Tissues from 50, 70, 90, 110-day-old pig fetuses and 7-day-old postnatal pigs were Bouin's fixed, paraffin embedded and hybridized with biotin labelled cDNA probes. The expression of TGF-beta 1 messenger RNA was detectable primarily in the dermis, hair follicle fat lobule, outer and inner SQ areas at all ages. Cells adjacent to adipocyte clusters and some small adipocytes were positive for TGF-beta 1. There was no positive hybridization of TGF-beta 1 probes in the developing muscle below the SQ. The expression of IGF-II was evident in the developing muscle below the SQ at 50 d and 70 d, and could be detected in the outer and inner SQ at 70 d. Much lower levels of IGF-II expression were observed in 90 and 110 d fetuses, but an increase in IGF-II expression was evident in the muscle of 7d postnatal pigs. Our results suggest that paracrine and autocrine regulatory systems may be operative for developing adipocytes (TGF-beta 1) and muscle (IGF-II), with specific areas and times of TGF-beta 1 and IGF-II expression being evident in developing pig SQ tissue.
Selectivity-based partitioning (2005)

Modern query optimizers select an efficient join ordering for a physical execution plan based essentially on the average join selectivity factors among the referenced tables. In this paper, we argue that this "monolithic" approach can miss important opportunities for the effective optimization of relational queries. We propose selectivity-based partitioning, a novel optimization paradigm that takes into account the join correlations among relation fragments in order to essentially enable multiple (and more effective) join orders for the evaluation of a single query. In a nutshell, the basic idea is to carefully partition a relation according to the selectivities of the join operations, and subsequently rewrite the query as a union of constituent queries over the computed partitions. We provide a formal definition of the related optimization problem and derive properties that characterize the set of optimal solutions. Based on our analysis, we develop a heuristic algorithm for computing efficiently an effective partitioning of the input query. Results from a preliminary experimental study verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach and demonstrate its potential as an effective optimization technique.
Virotherapy of Ovarian Cancer With Polymer-cloaked Adenovirus Retargeted to the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (2007)

Adenovirus gene therapy for intraperitoneal (IP) cancer is limited in clinical trials by inefficient tumor cell transduction and development of peritoneal adhesions. We have shown previously that normal virus tropism can be ablated by physically shielding the virus surface with reactive hydrophilic polymers and that linkage of novel ligands enables virus “retargeting” through chosen receptors. To achieve tumor-selective infection, polymer-coated virus was retargeted using murine epidermal growth factor (mEGF). The resulting mEGF-polymer coated adenovirus lost its normal broad tropism and transduced cells selectively via the EGF receptor (EGFR). We assessed whether this approach could be used to target lytic “virotherapy” using wild-type adenovirus (Ad5WT) in a peritoneal xenograft model of human ovarian cancer. Oncolytic activity of Ad5WT was retained following polymer coating and mEGF-retargeting. Importantly, adhesion formation was markedly decreased compared with the unmodified virus, and no dose-limiting toxicities were observed following treatment with mEGF-retargeted polymer-coated virus. Restricting virus tropism by physical coating, coupled with tumor-selective retargeting promises to combine good anticancer efficacy with acceptable toxicity, enabling application of elevated virus doses leading to an improved therapeutic outcome. Adenovirus gene therapy for intraperitoneal (IP) cancer is limited in clinical trials by inefficient tumor cell transduction and development of peritoneal adhesions. We have shown previously that normal virus tropism can be ablated by physically shielding the virus surface with reactive hydrophilic polymers and that linkage of novel ligands enables virus “retargeting” through chosen receptors. To achieve tumor-selective infection, polymer-coated virus was retargeted using murine epidermal growth factor (mEGF). The resulting mEGF-polymer coated adenovirus lost its normal broad tropism and transduced cells selectively via the EGF receptor (EGFR). We assessed whether this approach could be used to target lytic “virotherapy” using wild-type adenovirus (Ad5WT) in a peritoneal xenograft model of human ovarian cancer. Oncolytic activity of Ad5WT was retained following polymer coating and mEGF-retargeting. Importantly, adhesion formation was markedly decreased compared with the unmodified virus, and no dose-limiting toxicities were observed following treatment with mEGF-retargeted polymer-coated virus. Restricting virus tropism by physical coating, coupled with tumor-selective retargeting promises to combine good anticancer efficacy with acceptable toxicity, enabling application of elevated virus doses leading to an improved therapeutic outcome.
Capillaries as the components of photonic sensor micro-systems (2008)

Optical capillaries are used in gas and liquid chromatography, electrophoresis, absorbance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, etc. The use of optical capillaries in these micro-fluidic techniques emerged in the 1990s and generated new applications in biotechnologies, medical diagnostic, drug discovery and environmental sciences. The wide range of possible capillary constructions allows them to be tailored advantageously to specific applications. In the present work we discuss some aspects of integration of the photonic heads that use optical capillaries in micro-fluidic systems. The field of research is multidisciplinary, comprising certain aspects of physics of micro fluid sample motion, optical detection and the adaptation of the technology to practical applications. To make it possible to analyze small volumes of fluids, we analyzed the light guidance in capillary tubing. We examined both theoretically and experimentally the phenomena of light propagation, under various conditions, in optical capillaries partially filled with a liquid. We have shown that the light propagation depends on the construction of the capillary, its length and the position of the inserted drop of liquid. We designed and constructed structures built of silicon substrates and thin wall capillaries, and then examined theoretically and experimentally how, on heating the capillary locally, the vapor phase of the micro liquid sample forms in the structures. The results obtained show that, using small liquid samples with volumes below 10−8 cm3, the micro-fluidic systems equipped with capillary tubing can be used as the sensors of the surface tension, viscosity, boiling point and vapor pressure of the liquid and its heat capacity. The proposed system provides information that allows determination of the type of the liquid especially when the data are analyzed using neural networks.
Harmonic Signal Rejection Schemes of Polyphase Downconverters (2011)

The harmonic signal rejection capability and the rejection schemes of polyphase downconverters are discussed. An analysis of a simple model of a polyphase downconverter shows that n -phase converter can reject up to (n-2)th harmonic signal, and that (n-1)th harmonic signal aliases into the desired signal. It means that the harmonic rejection is not exclusive ability of downconverters with large number of phases, and conventional downconverters with fewer phases have the ability. An example is a differential amplifier type downconverter (n=2), which has the ability of even harmonic signal rejection as common-mode signal. In this paper, the common-mode concept is extended to polyphase circuits. It is named “partial common mode,” because it does not have to be common for all node but is common for a part of nodes. The partial common-mode rejection is effective for harmonic rejection. There is the other type of harmonic rejection techniques for polyphase downconverters, i.e., signal weighting-and-summing type. Comparison between the harmonic rejection with weighting-and-summing circuit and that with the common-mode rejection circuit is discussed, too. Due to its simple structure, a 6-phase downconverter with partial common-mode rejection is attractive for practical wideband receivers.
Improvement of the hydroponic growth and waterlogging tolerance of Petunias by the introduction of vhb gene (2003)

The coding sequence of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin ( vhb ) was cloned with PCR technique from Vitreoscilla stercoraria Pringsheim. The plant expression vector with vhb gene under the control of CaMV 35S promoter was constructed and used in the transformation of Petunia hybrida Vilm by the Agrobacterium mediated procedure. The results of PCR amplification and Southern hybridization indicated that the vhb gene had been integrated into the petunia genome and the vhb gene expression had been detected by RT_PCR amplification. In hydroponic culture the transgenic petunias grew much better than non_transgenic controls. For further analysis of hypoxia tolerance of transgenic petunia, the petunia plants with vhb gene were submerged into liquid MS medium. The transgenic plants survived in hypoxic condition and grew out of the liquid surface in a few weeks, while non_transgenic plants were still submerged and suffocated in culture solution without ability to grow out of liquid medium in submersed culture for four to five weeks. The vhb gene transformed petunia plants had been planted and tested in a simulated flooding condition, and showed obvious tolerance to waterlogging. It seems that hemoglobin gene from Vitreoscilla might have the potential use in molecular breeding for the improvement of plant resistance to hypoxia and flooding.
Modeling and Supporting ETL Processes via a Pattern-Oriented, Task-Reusable Framework (2014)

ETL processes are difficult components of modern Data Warehousing architectures, which are gaining momentum thanks the renewed interest stirred-up by the emerging Big Data paradigm. Due to the complexity of modeling ETL processes, various alternatives appeared in the literature. But several limitations arise, such as the poor attention to the flexibility of models. Following the drawbacks of actual proposals, in this paper we argue that a novel approach based on a pattern-oriented and task-reusable framework may convey in lot of advantages for the ETL process (conceptual) modeling itself. Our proposal is thus represented by a pattern-oriented meta-model for supporting the conceptual modeling of ETL processes in next-generation Data Warehousing environments. The most distinctive characteristic of our framework consists in the reusability of task-oriented components, with clear advantages for the flexibility and the extendibility of the final ETL process model so-determined. To validate our proposal, we exploit the YAWL workflow modeling language, and develop a suitable pattern for validating target ETL processes.
Stage and Region‐Specific Localization of Lipocalin‐Type Prostaglandin D Synthase in the Adult Murine Testis and Epididymis (2000)

Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase in semen has been associated with male fertility, although this relationship is not well defined. To gain insight into potential mechanisms, the objective of the present study was to immunocytochemically localize lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase within the testis, efferent ducts, and 4 segments of mouse epididymis. In the testis, immunoperoxidase staining was localized within the Sertoli cells only at stages VI-VIII of the spermatogenic cycle, which is just prior to spermiation. Intense staining was also evident throughout the interstitial tissue, including Leydig cells. The entire epithelium of the efferent ducts, including ciliated and nonciliated cells, was immunoreactive. A distinct pattern of immunostaining for lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase was observed in different regions of epididymis, suggesting a possible role in sperm maturation. Staining for lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase was strikingly absent in the initial segment. In caput epididymidis, staining was evident throughout the cell cytoplasm of principal cells with some cells more intensely stained than adjacent ones. In the corpus region, overall staining intensity decreased and appeared to be concentrated in the apical region of principal cells, but some cells were completely unreactive. Reaction product in the cauda region was heavily concentrated on microvilli and within the epididymal lumen. In all epididymal regions, expression of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase was specific to epithelial principal cells; no immunoreactivity was apparent in other cell types. The specific localization of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase within the testicular interstitial tissue, Sertoli cells, and principal cells of caput epididymidis strongly suggests that this protein plays an integral role in both the development and maturation of sperm.
Science and Literature (2003)

Science and Literature Get access Detective Fiction and the Rise of Forensic Science. By Ronald R. Thomas. Cambridge University Press. £42.50 (hb), £19.95 (pb).Literature, Technology and Magical Thinking, 1880–1920. By Pamela Thurschwell. Cambridge University Press. £40.00. Julia Reid Julia Reid University of WalesAberystwyth Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar English: Journal of the English Association, Volume 52, Issue 204, Autumn 2003, Pages 263–266, https://doi.org/10.1093/english/52.204.263 Published: 01 October 2003
Elucidation of peptide metabolism by on‐line immunoaffinity liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (2000)

An immunoaffinity chromatography extraction capillary liquid chromatography separation has been coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for on-line characterization of drug metabolites of a therapeutic peptide in plasma.It is demonstrated that the selectivity, sensitivity and molecular weight data provided by immunoaffinity chromatography coupled to liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry provides a means of rapidly achieving qualitative determinations of small amounts of material in complicated biological matrices such as plasma.The ability to detect the peptide in rat plasma at a level of 10 ng/mL is demonstrated using this method.In addition, experiments to study the epitope of the peptide by enzymatic digestion and mass spectrometry are also discussed.The method is proposed as an alternative approach to studying the metabolism of therapeutic peptides.
Low Cost Chemical Composition and Mass Flow Sensor System For Compression Ignition Engines Using MEMs Based Sensor Technology (Final Report) (2002)

Optimal performance and emission reduction strategies for compression ignition, direct injection (CIDI) engines requires accurate knowledge of the air/fuel ratio of the engine and ideally the air/fuel ratio of each cylinder. While metering of liquid fuel can be done accurately, unfortunately, the does not currently exist small, low cost, sensors that can be used to determine the mass flow of air to each cylinder. The problem measuring A/F ratio accurately is complicated by new emissions reduction approaches for CIDI engines that involve exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) which dilutes the oxygen concentration of the intake flow to the cylinders.
Representation and Retrieval of Brain Connectivity Information derived from TMS Experiments (2023)

Abstract Background Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a painless non-invasive method that allows focal activation or deactivation of a human brain region in order to assess effects on other brain regions. As such, it has a unique role in elucidating brain connectivity during behavior and at rest. Information regarding brain connectivity derived from TMS experiments has been published in hundreds of papers but is not accessible in aggregate. Objective Our objective was to identify, extract, and represent TMS-connectivity data in a graph database. This approach uses nodes connected by edges to capture the directed nature of interregional communication in the brain while also being flexible enough to contain other information about the connections, such as the source of information and details about the experiments that produced them. Methods Data related to interregional brain connectivity is first extracted from full-text publications, with creation of a table-like structure that list data of multiple types, principally the source and target brain regions, sign (excitatory/inhibitory) and latency. While machine-reading methods were explored, so far human experts have had to extract and verify data. These data are used to populate a neo4j graph database. A graphical user interface coupled with a query system allows users to search for networks and display information about connections between any two brain regions of interest. Results Experiments involving two TMS stimulating coils, in which one is over a putative source region and the other is over another region with a measurable effect in the body (such as the primary motor cortex) are the most straightforward to represent in the database. Even in those experiments, differing conventions for naming regions, and differing experimental parameters such as stimulation intensity and coil position, create issues for representing data from multiple studies in the same database. Other types of experiments, such a neuromodulatory stimulation such as rTMS, can provide information regarding connectivity, but are harder to represent. But we have, thus far, stored information about 100 connections in the database and demonstrated its utility in exploring direct and indirect connections between brain regions. We have also explored adding a causal inference method to those connections, allowing information about latency to shape the connections retrieved given latency limits. Conclusion A graph database can flexibly store information about interregional brain connectivity and is particularly useful for exploring the temporal aspects of brain networks.
Fungal factors involved in host immune evasion, modulation and exploitation during infection (2020)

Human and plant pathogenic fungi have a major impact on public health and agriculture. Although these fungi infect very diverse hosts and are often highly adapted to specific host niches, they share surprisingly similar mechanisms that mediate immune evasion, modulation of distinct host targets and exploitation of host nutrients, highlighting that successful strategies have evolved independently among diverse fungal pathogens. These attributes are facilitated by an arsenal of fungal factors. However, not a single molecule, but rather the combined effects of several factors enable these pathogens to establish infection. In this review, we discuss the principles of human and plant fungal pathogenicity mechanisms and discuss recent discoveries made in this field.
The Dolphin D330 Cluster Adapter Card. (2000)

Human liver fatty acid binding protein is a 127 residue cytoplasmic protein synthesized in liver and in the intestinal epithelium. Previous studies of normal and transgenic mice indicated that the liver fatty acid-binding protein gene is a sensitive marker of enterocytic differentiation. This study shows the use of immunohistochemical methods to examine liver fatty acid-binding protein gene expression in normal human colonic epithelium, colonic villoglandular adenomas, nonmucinous and mucinous adenocarcinomas, and several types of noncolonic epithelial neoplasms. Cells containing liver fatty acid-binding protein were found in normal colonic epithelium, in two thirds of colorectal villoglandular adenomas and nonmucinous adenocarcinomas, and in one third of mucinous adenocarcinomas but not in noncolonic, nonhepatic carcinomas. All liver fatty acid-binding protein-positive colonic adenomas and adenocarcinomas contained patches of immunoreactive cells distributed among histologically identical patches of cells without liver fatty acid-binding protein immunoreactivity. This "mosaicism" was also found in metastases from liver fatty acid-binding protein-positive colonic adenocarcinomas. Immunostaining of these liver fatty acid-binding protein-positive tissues for carcinoembryonic antigen did not show a mosaic cellular pattern in its expression. These data suggest that within a given neoplasm, differences exist in the differentiation programs of monoclonally-derived, malignant colonic epithelial cells and that liver fatty acid-binding protein is a useful marker for operationally defining these subpopulations. Liver fatty acid-binding protein is also a potentially useful diagnostic marker for colorectal and hepatic carcinomas.
Effect of the Storage Period of Paraffin Sections on the Detection of mRNAs by In Situ Hybridization (2001)

In this study we evaluated whether storing non-deparaffinized sections can affect the detection of specific mRNAs by radioactive in situ hybridization (ISH). Using a standard ISH protocol, we hybridized serial sections of paraffin blocks stored for different periods of time with 33 P-labeled riboprobes specific for rat Type III collagen and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). Signal intensities were evaluated using a phosphorimager and by blinded microscopic examination. For slides hybridized with the Type III collagen riboprobe, signal intensities measured with the phosphorimager or evaluated by microscopic examination were negatively correlated with the storage period of the sections. For slides hybridized with the MMP-2 riboprobe, differences in signal intensity could be detected, albeit inconsistently, with the phosphorimager, although microscopic examination consistently indicated stronger signals in freshly sectioned slides compared to slides stored for 2 weeks or more. We concluded that it was preferable to use recently prepared sections for trying to locate mRNAs in paraffin-embedded tissues by ISH. In addition, our results suggest that quantifying signal intensity using a phosphorimager is feasible for abundant mRNAs or when large differences in expression are anticipated.
Technology for Supporting Care Staff in Residential Homes (2014)

Care staff, those who attend to the day-to-day needs of people in residential facilities, represent an important segment of the health-care provision of those entrusted to their care. The potential use of technology by care staff has not been a focus of researcher attention. The work reported here provides initial steps in addressing that gap, considering both the design requirements for this population and presentation of early work on a software system for use by care staff. We describe the development of a software tool for use by care staff, called Portrait, and report two studies related to factors affecting technology use by this population. The results of this research are promising, with Portrait being very positively received by care managers and care staff. Use of this software in a care home for over a month indicated continued use, with care staff returning to the system throughout the test period. The contributions of this research are the identification of factors important in working with a care staff population, the introduction and evaluation of a novel software tool for care staff in residential homes, and the highlighting of potential benefits of technology in assisting care staff.