gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improved Model Predictive Control for Three-Phase Dual-Active-Bridge Converters With a Hybrid Modulation (2021)

In this article, an improved moving discretized control-set model predictive control (MDCS-MPC) with a hybrid modulation is proposed for three-phase dual-active-bridge (3p-DAB). The main objectives of this article are to improve the efficiency in partial load and to enhance dynamic performance for output voltage tracking. First, the hybrid modulation, which consisted of triangular modulation, trapezoidal modulation as well as phase-shift modulation, can extend the soft-switching range and improve the efficiency for 3p-DAB, especially in light load conditions. Meanwhile, the closed form of analytic expression of the hybrid modulation is derived and presented in the form of a simple table. Next, the designed hybrid modulation is incorporated into the proposed MDCS-MPC methodology to enhance the transition response for output voltage tracking. Furthermore, a proportional--integral observer is utilized to estimate the load current for the cost saving of the current sensor. The main contribution of the proposed methodology relies on the fact that the dynamic response for output voltage tracking can be improved, the current stress can be reduced in light load, and the cost of the system can be saved. Finally, comparison experiments on a laboratory prototype are carried out to confirm the theoretical analysis and the performance improvement of the developed approach.
Combined deletion of Hfe and transferrin receptor 2 in mice leads to marked dysregulation of hepcidin and iron overload† (2009)

These studies demonstrate that iron overload due to deletion of Tfr2 is more severe than that due to Hfe, and that loss of both molecules results in pronounced iron overload. Analysis of Hfe/Tfr2 double-null mice suggests that Hfe and Tfr2 regulate hepcidin through parallel pathways involving Erk1/2 and Smad1/5/8.
Interfacial Behavior of n-Octyl β-d-Glucopyranoside Compared to That of a Technical Mixture Consisting of Octyl Glucosides (2000)

The difference in interfacial behavior between a technical mixture consisting of n-octyl glucopyranosides, having between 1 and 7 glucose units in the polar headgroup, and n-octyl β-d-glucopyranoside was investigated using a range of methods. The forces acting between two hydrophobic solid surfaces across surfactant solutions were determined with a surface force apparatus. It was found that adsorption of the technical mixture generated a long-range repulsive force of electrostatic nature. At shorter separations a local minimum in the force curve (located on the repulsive side) was observed. Further in a steric repulsion dominated the interaction. In contrast, adsorption of pure n-octyl β-d-glucopyranoside did not generate any long-range electrostatic double-layer force and an attractive force was present between the monolayer-coated surfaces close to contact. Wetting experiments showed that the technical mixture was a better wetting agent of hydrophobic surfaces (lower contact angle and higher wetting tension). The adsorption to air−liquid interfaces was also investigated by surface tension measurements and by measuring the forces acting across single foam films. The latter measurements were carried out using a thin film balance employing the porous frit technique. The technical mixture was more efficient in generating long-range electrostatic forces whereas the pure n-octyl β-d-glucopyranoside was more efficient in generating stable Newton black films. Pyrene fluorescence measurements revealed that the micelles formed by the technical mixture continuously change its average composition with concentration toward structures with a more hydrophobic micellar core.
In Vivo Gene Knockdown in Rat Dorsal Root Ganglia Mediated by Self-Complementary Adeno-Associated Virus Serotype 5 Following Intrathecal Delivery (2012)

We report here in adult rat viral vector mediate-gene knockdown in the primary sensory neurons and the associated cellular and behavior consequences. Self-complementary adeno-associated virus serotype 5 (AAV5) was constructed to express green fluorescent protein (GFP) and a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). The AAV vectors were injected via an intrathecal catheter. We observed profound GFP expression in lumbar DRG neurons beginning at 2-week post-injection. Of those neurons, over 85% were large to medium-diameter and co-labeled with NF200, a marker for myelinated fibers. Western blotting of mTOR revealed an 80% reduction in the lumbar DRGs (L4-L6) of rats treated with the active siRNA vectors compared to the control siRNA vector. Gene knockdown became apparent as early as 7-day post-injection and lasted for at least 5 weeks. Importantly, mTOR knockdown occurred in large (NF200) and smalldiameter neurons (nociceptors). The viral administration induced an increase of Iba1 immunoreactivity in the DRGs, which was likely attributed to the expression of GFP but not siRNA. Rats with mTOR knockdown in DRG neurons showed normal general behavior and unaltered responses to noxious stimuli. In conclusion, intrathecal AAV5 is a highly efficient vehicle to deliver siRNA and generate gene knockdown in DRG neurons. This will be valuable for both basic research and clinic intervention of diseases involving primary sensory neurons.
Temperature variation in metal ceramic technology analyzed using time domain optical coherence tomography (2014)

The quality of dental prostheses is essential in providing good quality medical services. The metal ceramic technology applied in dentistry implies ceramic sintering inside the dental oven. Every ceramic material requires a special sintering chart which is recommended by the producer. For a regular dental technician it is very difficult to evaluate if the temperature inside the oven remains the same as it is programmed on the sintering chart. Also, maintaining the calibration in time is an issue for the practitioners. Metal ceramic crowns develop a very accurate pattern for the ceramic layers depending on the temperature variation inside the oven where they are processed. Different patterns were identified in the present study for the samples processed with a variation in temperature of +30 &deg;C to +50 &deg;C, respectively - 30 0&deg;C to -50 &deg;C. The OCT imagistic evaluations performed for the normal samples present a uniform spread of the ceramic granulation inside the ceramic materials. For the samples sintered at a higher temperature an alternation between white and darker areas between the enamel and opaque layers appear. For the samples sintered at a lower temperature a decrease in the ceramic granulation from the enamel towards the opaque layer is concluded. The TD-OCT methods can therefore be used efficiently for the detection of the temperature variation due to the ceramic sintering inside the ceramic oven.
Geoengineering: Sunlight reflection methods and negative emissions technologies for greenhouse gas removal (2018)

International audience
Answering the Call for Systems Change (2023)

There is much agreement within counseling psychology on the importance of social justice, yet social justice education and training remain limited in counseling psychology programs (Beerman et al., 2012; Pieterse et al., 2009; Singh et al., 2010). Critical components to social justice education and training include an emphasis on systems theories that could inform interventions (i.e. advocacy and activism) at the exosystem and mesosystem levels as well as learning about the breadth of activism and advocacy skills. Assessment, diagnosis, and conceptualization are considered core functional competencies in professional psychology (Fouad, 2009), yet these processes are often only taught at the individual level. If the goal of advocacy and activism are to foster systems change, considered a functional competency in counseling psychology (CCPTP, 2012), then it is crucial to provide systems-level theories and skills in counseling psychology education and training. We describe how we have attended to the provision of systems-level education and training in our respective programs. We will provide recommendations about the inclusion of systems-level theories, classroom formats, assignments, and mentorship designed to foster trainees’ development of a systems-level theoretical orientation, as well as skills to engage in social justice research, leadership, and both micro- and macro-level advocacy interventions.
Small Molecules in Treatment of Sepsis (2011)

Sepsis is a common and frequently a fatal syndrome. Though, there is steady progress in the management of sepsis, further reduction of its mortality is still hampered by the lack of specific remedies. Recent advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of sepsis and innovations in drug design have enabled researchers to develop new strategies for the treatment of this complicated condition in a more efficient way. Among these, a variety of small synthetic compounds with the molecular weight lower than 1000Da are emerging rapidly. This review highlights the advances of these small molecules in the treatment of sepsis, which are categorized into the following seven groups according to their pharmaceutical targets: LPS sequestrants and TLR4 antagonists, C5a receptor antagonists, inhibitors of macrophage migration inhibitory factor, inhibitors of QseC signaling, A3 adenosine receptor agonists and A2A adenosine receptor antagonists, estrogen receptor β agonists and caspase inhibitors. Most of the compounds have shown effectiveness in preclinical studies and displayed little or no toxicity. These small molecular compounds are potential candidates for further therapeutic development of sepsis.
Socioeconomic and Familial Characteristics Influence Caretakers' Adherence to the Periodic Vitamin A Capsule Supplementation Program in Central Java, Indonesia (2004)

The adherence of program participants to periodic vitamin A capsule (VAC) supplementation among children aged 1-5 years (n = 677) in Central Java, Indonesia was assessed. Fourteen villages from five sub-districts and one ward from one sub-district in Central Java were included in the study to represent rural and suburban areas. All questions about demographic factors, socioeconomic conditions, current dietary practice and healthcare-seeking attitudes for common childhood illnesses, previous breastfeeding experience, their knowledge about vitamin A and adherence to the VAC program after capsule distribution (two periods in 2000) were asked. Caretakers with limited knowledge about the health benefits of vitamin A, households with more than one preschool child, and households with older children (> 36 months) were associated with a decreased likelihood of regular participation in the program with odds ratios of 0.38, 0.55, and 0.26, respectively (p < 0.01). The percentage of caretakers who utilized community health centers, village health posts or midwives' practices in rural areas, was significantly higher (86.6 per cent, p < 0.001) than in suburban areas (62.8 per cent). Living in a rural location was associated with an increased adherence to participate in the program regularly with an odds ratio of 2.02 (p < 0.01). In conclusion, nutritional education and periodic social marketing should be re-emphasized and other potential delivery channels, such as private healthcare practices, could also contribute to an increase adherence of supplementation program.
Dual Tone and MODEM Frequency Generator with On-Chip Filter and Voltage Reference (1983)

This CMOS circuit contains a Dual-Tone-Multi-Frequency (DTMF) and MODEM frequency generator. For optimum performance and economy, switched capacitor techniques are used for on-chip voltage reference, DA-Converter and filter.
Dimensionality matters: Electronic transport in 2D layered materials (2017)

It seems to be unavoidable that the first question that anyone asks when a new material is introduced fo electronic device applications is: “What mobility does this material have?” In fact, this question can be rather misleading, like in the context of graphene, where the absence of a bandgap immediately prohibits its use for transistor applications despite its outstanding mobility values. In addition, quoting mobilities without specifying the actual body thickness of the material under investigation can also easily result in a misinterpretation. It has long been known for example that the mobility of silicon rapidly degrades once its thickness reaches about 10nm For sub-1nm body thicknesses any three-dimensional 3D crystal becomes simply non-conducting. With this in mind, recently reported transport data on two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting materials as transition meta dichalcogenides (TMDs) and black phosphorus (BP) with body thicknesses t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">body</sub> in the nm-range become quit impressive, even if their mobilities cannot rival graphene. Now, since we have an ultra-thin body semiconductor with rather low scattering rates for electrons and holes, let us ask the question: “What applications benefit from this material?” One answer to this question lies in the electrostatics that an ultra-thin body semiconducting channel can enable in the context of a three-terminal field-effect transistor (FET) layout. Once a semiconducting channel with any doping profile from source to drain is under gate control, the characteristic length scale in the transport direction is no longer simply given by the doping related depletion width, WD, as it would be in a two-terminal pn-junction. Instead, band bending along the channel occurs over a length scale λ that becomes the smaller the thinner the semiconducting body [1]. An application that would thus benefit from a small tbody-value should rely on a small band bending distance λ.
Update on Surgery of the Hand (2013)

From the C.V. Starr Hand Surgery Center, Columbia University, New York, NY. Dr. Glickel or an immediate family member serves as an unpaid consultant to Tri-Medics and serves as a board member, owner, officer, or committee member of the Dupuytren Foundation.
Mitigation of Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction via Microbial Denitrification: A (2015)

Microbial denitrification, or dissimilatory reduction of nitrate, offers the potential of a sustainable and cost-effective method for mitigation of earthquake- induced liquefaction. Carbonate precipitation via microbial denitrification is a slow process and may take years to precipitate enough carbonate to provide the desired degree of mitigation. Fortunately, large amounts of nitrogen gas are generated immediately upon the onset of denitrification. As desaturation by biogas generation is in itself a liquefaction mitigation mechanism, liquefaction mitigation via microbial denitrification may be viewed as a two-phase process: an initial phase wherein desaturation via biogas generation provides mitigation and a second phase in which sufficient carbonate precipitation has occurred to provide mitigation via particle cementation and/or an increase in dilatancy. Microbial denitrification is suitable for remediation under and around existing facilities because it is non-disruptive. An advantage of microbial denitrification compared to hydrolysis of urea (ureolysis), another technique for microbial precipitation of carbonate, is that its primary by- products are benign (non-toxic). Another advantage of microbial denitrification is that denitrifying bacteria are ubiquitous in the subsurface. Laboratory test data demonstrates the ability of microbial denitrification to both desaturate the soil and induce carbonate precipitation, leading to an increase in strength and dilatancy, substantiating the concept of microbial denitrification as a two-phase process for mitigation of earthquake-induced liquefaction.
Imprecise Reliability Assessment When the Type of the Probability Distribution of the Random Variables is Unknown (2009)

In reliability design, often, there is scarce data for constructing probabilistic models. It is particularly challenging to model uncertainty in variables when the type of their probability distributions is unknown. Moreover, it is expensive to estimate the upper and lower bounds of the reliability of a system involving such variables. A method for modelling uncertainty by using Polynomial Chaos Expansion is presented. The method requires specifying bounds for statistical summaries such as the first four moments and credible intervals. A constrained optimisation problem, in which decision variables are the coefficients of the Polynomial Chaos Expansion approximation, is formulated and solved in order to estimate the minimum and maximum values of a system's reliability. This problem is solved efficiently by employing probabilistic re-analysis to approximate the system reliability as a function of the moments of the random variables.
337.11: Adenovirus-Mediated Adiponectin Gene Transfer in a Rat Model of Orthotopic Left Lung Transplantation (2022)

Introduction: Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) can occur early following lung transplantation (LT) and correlates with acute and chronic lung allograft rejection. Abrupt inflammatory and oxidative stress responses occur within minutes of LT. This ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is believed to be responsible for initiating PGD. Interestingly, adiponectin (APN) a bioactive peptide, has significant anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties to pulmonary endothelium and airway epithelium. Thus, gene delivery of APN to donated lungs may decrease the incidence of PGD from IRI. We aim to assess the feasibility and early post-transplant effect of adenovirus-mediated adiponectin gene therapy to donor lungs. Methods: Male Lewis rats (350-450 g) were randomly allocated into 3 groups (N=5/ group), where they underwent in vivo transbronchial instillation of 1) Control: 400 µL of PBS+10% glycerol, 2) Ad-mCherry: adenovirus-mCherry 400 µL of 1.5*1010 PFU, and 3) Ad-APN: adenovirus-adiponectin 400 µL of 1.5*1010 PFU. After 24 h, transduced lungs were procured, flushed with ice-cold low-potassium dextran, and preserved in cold ischemia for ~3 h. Then, left donor lungs were orthotopically transplanted into recipient male Sprague Dawley rats (350-450 g). Following 2 h of reperfusion, blood gas samples were analyzed from the aorta and left pulmonary vein. Finally, recipient rats were euthanized, plasma and lung tissue were collected for wet/dry ratio and further analysis. Results: Target gene expression in Ad-APN and Ad-mCherry lungs was confirmed using tissue immunofluorescent staining. During the 2 h reperfusion, all recipient rats had stable oxygen saturation (SPO2% >90). The mean arterial partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) for groups 1-3 was 191.0, 193.4, and 231.5 mmHg; the estimated % contribution of donor lung to recipient pO2 was 73.2, 46.0, and 46.5, respectively. On average, wet/dry ratio of left donor lung was 8.7 for Control, 9.5 for Ad-mCherry, and 6.7 for the Ad-APN group. Plasma multiplex cytokine assay showed elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines: IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-18 in Ad-mCherry compared to Control and Ad-APN. Monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) secretion was significantly higher in the Ad-mCherry group than APN (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Adenovirus treated lungs with Ad-mCherry, and Ad-APN exhibited comparable lung function post-transplant. Of interest, APN expression modulated the vector-induced inflammation in the Ad-APN group. Furthermore, APN induced the downregulation of MCP-1 secretion by alveolar macrophages. This will impair the chemoattraction of recipient monocytes and neutrophils, therefore potentially attenuating lung allograft inflammation and IRI post transplantation.
Diazepam-binding Inhibitor-like Activity in Rat Cerebrospinal Fluid after Stimulation by an Aversive Quinine Taste (2000)

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) taken from rats after stimulation by an aversive quinine taste (hereafter called quinine CSF) administered into the fourth ventricle of mice suppressed their intake of 5% sucrose solution. We examined the effects of CSF on glutathione-induced tentacle ball formation (TBF) of hydra to determine the change in CSF components associated with aversive taste stimuli. The suppressive activity of quinine CSF on TBF in the presence of 3 microM S:-methyl-glutathione (GSM) was markedly lower than that of CSF obtained from control rats (control CSF). Pronase-treated quinine CSF had suppressive activity similar to that of control CSF. The active principle passed through an ultrafiltration membrane, with a molecular weight cut-off of 30 kDa, but not through one with a cut-off of 3 kDa. A peptide fragment of diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI) nullified the suppression of TBF at 3 microM GSM by control CSF. The nullifying activity of quinine CSF was not observed after treatment with a benzodiazepine receptor preparation that was able to bind DBI. When flumazenil, a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, was given to mice, the suppression of the intake of 5% sucrose solution by quinine CSF was partially reversed. It is suggested that quinine CSF contains a DBI-like substance.
Phytochemistry of Zulu medicinal plants (2019)

In South Africa, the Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany biodiversity hotspot is an important center of plant endemism, and the second richest floristic region in Africa after the Cape Floristic Region. In total, about 8,100 species of plants from 243 families occur within this hotspot, and nearly a quarter of these, at least 1 900 species, are endemic to the area. The Zulu people, who live within this biodiversity hotspot, has a long history of medicinal plant use. In our research, we investigate the chemistry and activity of indigenous medicinal plants, with the focus on plants that are used for illnesses of importance in Africa, i.e. infectious diseases and diabetes. In this contribution, a short overview will be given on important Zulu medicinal plants. In a specific example, the structure and antiplasmodial activity of metabolites of the African fever tree (Vachellia xanthophloea) will be presented. Several flavonoids were isolated, with the most active compound being tri-O-methylgallic acid.
Sr 5p1/2ns1/2and 5p3/2ns1/2J=1 autoionizing states (1986)

We report a comprehensive experimental study of the Sr i autoionizing 5${p}_{1/2}$${\mathrm{ns}}_{1/2}$ and 5${p}_{3/2}$${\mathrm{ns}}_{1/2}$ J=1 states with n ranging from 10 to 36. We have used an isolated-core-excitation method to determine the energies, autoionization rates, and interseries interaction between the two 5${p}_{1/2}$${\mathrm{ns}}_{1/2}$ and 5${p}_{3/2}$${\mathrm{ns}}_{1/2}$ channels. A six-channel multichannel-quantum-defect-theory analysis of the data has been performed, and good agreement between the experiment and the theory has been obtained.
Magnetic-Bearing Test Fixture (1991)

Microcomputer-controlled magnetic-bearing test fixture used to develop approaches to design of controls for magnetic bearing actuators designed and constructed. Includes load cells connected to bar, in turn, connected through screw positioners to geared drive motors. Position of equivalent suspended element sensed by position sensors and controlled by drive motors. Provides control of gap in magnetic bearing and of current in electromagnet coil. Measurements made include magnetic-bearing gaps, magnetic flux in bearing gaps, and bearing forces. Approaches to linearization and control developed by use of fixture applicable to wide range of small-gap suspension systems.