gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dislocation configurations in semi-insulating, n-type and p-type GaAs deformed at 150°C (1989)

Abstract The glide of well defined dislocations in semi-insulating, n-type and p-type GaAs deformed at low temperatures under a high stress has been studied by means of transmission electron microscopy. The shape of the dislocation loop is used as a means to identify the dependence of the dislocation velocity on the doping and to examine the difference in the mobility of 60° segments of the same polarity. In n-type and semi-insulating material there is a strong preference for the dislocations to lie along <110> directions, namely the Peierls valley. In p-type material, segments can also be oriented precisely at the edge orientation. In all materials, non-screw segments often rotate towards the edge orientation by relaxation from the high-stress configuration. Such observations are interpreted in terms of the difference in velocities of the screw kinks and 60° kinks. Weak-beam microscopy of widely dissociated dislocation segments suggests that, even at these low temperatures, there is a strong interaction between point defects and the core of individual partial dislocations.
The initiation of biological control programmes against Solanum elaeagnifolium Cavanilles and S. sisymbriifolium Lamarck (Solanaceae) in South Africa. (1999)

HBV-specific effector CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells influence the disease activity in HBV-infected patients in various ways and determine prognosis by eliminating the virus. Therefore, efforts of studying HBV-specific effector CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells focused vaccine are potentially needed.
CLONING, EXPRESSION AND STLJDY OF IMMIJNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE STREPTOCOCCI GROUP B C5A PEPTIDASE RECOMBINANT PROTEIN (2014)

Molecular mass of SCPB1 was estimated to be equal to 43.0±0.5 kDa. Immunization experiments were performed in laboratory animals to investigate the SCPB1 immunogenic properties. Maximum titers of IgG antibodies against SCPB1 (1:5,1 х 104 и 1:1,6× x 106 for mice and rabbits, respectively) indicated to SCPB1 immunogenicity. Moreover, the antibodies against SCPB1 were revealed in sera from women infected with GBS thus designating the humoral immune response of human organism to C5a peptidase fragment under study. Protective properties of anti-SCPB1 antibodies against were demonstrated by experiments in vitro (opsonophagocytosis), and in vivo (a model of GBS infection in mice).
Machine Learning-Friendly Biomedical Datasets for Equivalence and Subsumption Ontology Matching (2022)

Ontology Matching (OM) plays an important role in many domains such as bioinformatics and the Semantic Web, and its research is becoming increasingly popular, especially with the application of machine learning (ML) techniques. Although the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative (OAEI) represents an impressive effort for the systematic evaluation of OM systems, it still suffers from several limitations including limited evaluation of subsumption mappings, suboptimal reference mappings, and limited support for the evaluation of ML-based systems. To tackle these limitations, we introduce five new biomedical OM tasks involving ontologies extracted from Mondo and UMLS. Each task includes both equivalence and subsumption matching; the quality of reference mappings is ensured by human curation, ontology pruning, etc.; and a comprehensive evaluation framework is proposed to measure OM performance from various perspectives for both ML-based and non-ML-based OM systems. We report evaluation results for OM systems of different types to demonstrate the usage of these resources, all of which are publicly available as part of the new BioML track at OAEI 2022.
Resting state functional connectivity of the striatum in Parkinson’s disease (2012)

Classical accounts of the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease have emphasized degeneration of dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons with consequent dysfunction of cortico-striatal-thalamic loops. In contrast, post-mortem studies indicate that pathological changes in Parkinson's disease (Lewy neurites and Lewy bodies) first appear primarily in the lower brainstem with subsequent progression to more rostral parts of the neuraxis. The nigrostriatal and histological perspectives are not incompatible, but they do emphasize different anatomical structures. To address the question of which brain structures are functionally most affected by Parkinson's disease, we performed a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study focused on striatal functional connectivity. We contrasted 13 patients with advanced Parkinson's disease versus 19 age-matched control subjects, using methodology incorporating scrupulous attention to minimizing the effects of head motion during scanning. The principal finding in the Parkinson's disease group was markedly lower striatal correlations with thalamus, midbrain, pons and cerebellum. This result reinforces the importance of the brainstem in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. Focally altered functional connectivity also was observed in sensori-motor and visual areas of the cerebral cortex, as well the supramarginal gyrus. Striatal functional connectivity with the brainstem was graded (posterior putamen > anterior putamen > caudate), in both patients with Parkinson's disease and control subjects, in a manner that corresponds to well-documented gradient of striatal dopaminergic function loss in Parkinson's disease. We hypothesize that this gradient provides a clue to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
A novel scheme for irregular parallel-prefix adders (2002)

A schematic of a new 64-bit adder is presented in this paper. This adder uses the Manchester Carry Chain carry lookahead modules with spans of 4, 3, and 2. Only the first level has intermediate outputs. Unlike carry-ripple adders at the output of the Spanning Tree Carry Lookahead Adder (SPT) and the Recursive Carry-Lookahead/Carry-Select Hybrid Adder (RCS), the proposed irregular Parallel-Prefix (IPP) adder provided parallel addition at the output thus significantly reducing the number of transistors with a promising compatible speed. This will cause a considerable improvement in cost-performance. Without a carry-skip circuit, this adder also works well with a carry-in of "1" based on Brent-Kung (1982) and Tyagi's (1993) lemmas. Because the IPP adder is unidirectional, it is more appropriate for pipeline implementation. Preliminary simulation results by Mentor Graphics at static gate-level have indicated that IPP adders are faster than Tyagi's 16-bit, 32-bit and 64-bit Select-Prefix Adders. SPICE simulation at a transistor-level for a 16-bit IPP adder shows a speed of 1.756 ns. It reduces the transistor-count approximately by 21% compared to the RCS adder and by 18% compared to the SPT adder.
A Software System for Education at a Distance: Case Study Results (1999)

Computers and networks are increasingly able to support distributed, real-time audio and video presentations. We describe Flatland, a highly flexible, extensible system that provides instructors and students a wide range of interaction capabilities. Prior research focused on the use of such systems for single presentations. We studied the use of Flatland over multi-session training courses. We found that even with prior coaching on the use of the software, instructors and students require experience to understand and exploit the features. Effective design and use will require understanding the evolution of personal and social conventions for these new technologies.
Developing governmental decision strategies for determining involvement in highly uncertain, large-scale capital investment projects (1978)

Due to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to digital@library.tamu.edu, referencing the URI of the item.
Subunits of rat liver mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubunits of rat liver mitochondrial malate dehydrogenaseKenneth G. Mann and Carl S. VestlingCite this: Biochemistry 1969, 8, 3, 1105–1109Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00831a042https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00831a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views51Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Biomarkers in Heart Disease (2008)

Biomarkers in heart disease , Biomarkers in heart disease , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
Skybridge: 3-D Integrated Circuit Technology Alternative to CMOS (2014)

Continuous scaling of CMOS has been the major catalyst in miniaturization of integrated circuits (ICs) and crucial for global socio-economic progress. However, scaling to sub-20nm technologies is proving to be challenging as MOSFETs are reaching their fundamental limits and interconnection bottleneck is dominating IC operational power and performance. Migrating to 3-D, as a way to advance scaling, has eluded us due to inherent customization and manufacturing requirements in CMOS that are incompatible with 3-D organization. Partial attempts with die-die and layer-layer stacking have their own limitations. We propose a 3-D IC fabric technology, Skybridge[TM], which offers paradigm shift in technology scaling as well as design. We co-architect Skybridge's core aspects, from device to circuit style, connectivity, thermal management, and manufacturing pathway in a 3-D fabric-centric manner, building on a uniform 3-D template. Our extensive bottom-up simulations, accounting for detailed material system structures, manufacturing process, device, and circuit parasitics, carried through for several designs including a designed microprocessor, reveal a 30-60x density, 3.5x performance per watt benefits, and 10X reduction in interconnect lengths vs. scaled 16-nm CMOS. Fabric-level heat extraction features are shown to successfully manage IC thermal profiles in 3-D. Skybridge can provide continuous scaling of integrated circuits beyond CMOS in the 21st century.
Synergistic Architecture and Programming Model Support for Approximate Micropower Computing (2015)

Energy consumption is a major constraining factor for embedded multi-core systems. Using aggressive voltage scaling can reduce power consumption, but memory operations become unreliable. Several embedded applications exhibit inherent tolerance to computation approximation, for which indicating parts that can tolerate errors has proven a viable way to reduce energy consumption. In this work we propose an extension to OpenMP to specify what regions of code and data are tolerant to approximation. A compiler pass places data into memory regions with different reliability guarantees according to their tolerance to errors. The voltage supply level is dynamically adjusted according to tolerance policies, with the overall goal of minimizing energy in full compliance with precision constraints.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): pathogenesis and treatment. (2005)

There is considerable evidence to suggest that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) alleviate a number of inflammatory diseases, mainly the fish derivatives, n-3 PUFAs. My aim is to briefly review the literature involving clinical interventions with these lipid compounds in the treatment of Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn's Disease (CD), Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Data available are conflicting and the reason for the discrepancies in the findings could reside in the different study designs. Often studies are limited by the choice of placebo and insufficient washout period and direct comparison of trials is hampered by the use of various formulations and dosages of n-3 PUFAs. The importance of the n-3 PUFAs formulation in lowering the incidence of side effects along with careful selection of patients and experimental design seems to be associated with benefits. It is possible these fatty acids act by reducing low-grade active inflammation rather than by preventing reinitiation of the inflammatory process from a truly quiescent state. Whether this treatment is applicable to all patients with IBD has not been fully elucidated. Nevertheless, taken together, all these studies suggest the effectiveness of these new therapeutic approaches, not only when the conventional treatment fails or it is not possible to treat chronically, but also, in some instances as first choice.
Extended Finite Element for Electromechanical Coupling (2007)

In MEMS modelling the electromechanical coupling takes an important place. Indeed many devices use electrostatic forces as actuator. The numerical modelling of this type of problem needs a strong coupling between the mechanics and the electrostatic field. In fact when the structure is moving, the electrostatic field around it has to be modified in consequence. The first solution is to use finite element method to model the electrostatic field. In this case the mesh has to be updated depending on the displacement of the structure. Many researches have been performed to deform properly the electrostatic mesh, but when large displacement are taken into account, the elements become distorted. Furthermore, when the pull-in is achieved, the electrodes are in contact and the layer of electrostatic elements is totally squeezed. The second usual solution is to use the boundary element method to model the electrostatic field. In this case, there are no more remeshing problem, but the computational time is larger and singularity problems appears when the electrodes become in contact. One solution for this remeshing problem is to use extended finite elements (X-FEM) which are a new type of elements tailored to simulate problems involving discontinuities and moving boundaries. Initially this methodology was created for crack propagation problems, but its application has been extended to several other problems such as elastic problem involving inclusions, flow-structure interaction and solidification problems. In this paper the concept of extended finite elements is applied to develop modelling approaches for the electromechanical coupling. The method will be illustrated here for a one-dimensional problem and implementation issues relative to the two-dimensional case are discussed.
Dissipative optomechanical coupling with a membrane outside of an optical cavity (2021)

We theoretically study an optomechanical system which consists of a two-sided cavity and a mechanical membrane that is placed outside of it. The membrane is positioned close to one of its mirrors, and the cavity is coupled to the external light field through the other mirror. Our study is focused on the regime where the dispersive optomechanical coupling in the system vanishes. Such a regime is found to be possible if the membrane is less reflecting than the adjacent mirror, yielding a potentially very strong dissipative optomechanical coupling. Specifically, if the absolute values of amplitude transmission coefficients of the membrane and the mirror, $t$ and ${t}_{m}$, respectively, obey the condition ${t}_{m}^{2}&lt;t\ensuremath{\ll}{t}_{m}\ensuremath{\ll}1$, the dissipative coupling constant of the setup exceeds the dispersive coupling constant for an optomechanical cavity of the same length. The dissipative coupling constant and the corresponding optomechanical cooperativity of the proposed system are also compared with those of the Michelson-Sagnac interferometer and the so-called ``membrane-at-the-edge'' system, which are known for a strong optomechanical dissipative interaction. It is shown that under the above condition, the system proposed here is advantageous in both aspects. It also enables an efficient realization of the two-port configuration, which was recently proposed as a promising optomechanical system, providing, among other benefits, a possibility of quantum limited optomechanical measurements in a system which does not suffer from any optomechanical instability.
Comparative evaluation of a new chemiluminiscent assay and an ELISA for the detection of IgM against measles (2013)

Background: The primary test for the laboratory confirmation of measles is immunoglobulin M (IgM) serology. It is therefore important to evaluate new commercial measles IgM immunoassays to ensure high-quality measles diagnostic testing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of LIAISON IgM measles (DiaSorin, Saluggia, Italy), a new automated chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA), in comparison with enzyme immunoassay (EIA) Enzygnost (Siemens, Marburg, Germany). Methods: Sensitivity was examined using a panel of measles laboratory confirmed sera; specificity was ad-dressed by testing sera from healthy populations and subjects with infections that may interfere with measles IgM serology. Results: The diagnostic performances of the two assays were very similar: both Enzygnost EIA and LIAISON CLIA performed with a sensitivity of 93.7% and 98.8%, whereas the specificity was 96.8% and 97.9%, respectively. Conclusion: We concluded that LIAISON IgM measles can be a good alternative to the other immunoassay for laboratory measles confirmation.
Computer Image Processing and Recognition (1981)

A systematic introduction to the concepts and techniques of computer image processing and recognition is presented. Consideration is given to such topics as image formation and perception; computer representation of images; image enhancement and restoration; reconstruction from projections; digital television, encoding, and data compression; scene understanding; scene matching and recognition; and processing techniques for linear systems.
Novel Numerical Simulation of the Stereological Bias of Binary Particles (2016)

Stereological correction, which corrects an overestimation of the degree of liberation of minerals in a two-dimensional measurement, has not been adequately established, despite its importance in the evaluation of not only the crushed product but also the efficiency of comminution and sorting in the mining process. A unique numerical method was conducted using Discrete Element Method in order to investigate the relationship between the two-dimensional information obtained by cross-sectional measurement and three-dimensional practical information. First, spherical particles of a certain-sized dispersion were packed in a sampling cell. Following this, phases with a lognormally distributed volume fraction, which was designated by a median MD and standard deviation SD, were placed between the particles. Finally, the serial cross-sectional information was analyzed in the height direction, and the following fundamental results were obtained: 1) the area fraction of the cross-sectional circles distributed around the practical volumetric fraction and 2) the degree of liberation was overestimated by the two-dimensional cross-sectional measurement. A series of parametric studies was then conducted on the phases using various MD and SD values, and a correlation between the two-dimensionally measured and three-dimensional actual parameters was obtained. In using this correlation, the volumetric distribution of the phase, together with its degree of liberation (which is usually difficult to measure directly), was estimated with parameters obtained by cross-sectional measurement, such as optical microscopy, QEM*SEM, and MLA. This was based on the assumption that all the particles include a single spherical phase with a lognormally distributed volume.
Assessment of the Electromagnetic Disturbance of a Glass Fiber Reinforced Composite Fencing Structure (2010)

This work addresses the assessment of the electromagnetic disturbance induced by a composite barrier—fencing airport structures—to radio-communication electromagnetic waves. The barrier is composed of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) tubular elements installed into a concrete base. Based on the electromagnetic properties of constituent materials, numerical analyses describing the electromagnetic phenomenon were carried out, simulating the barrier submerged into the electromagnetic field of interest. Furthermore, full-scale experimental tests were also performed on samples of the barrier in an anechoic chamber, reproducing the electromagnetic field generated by the radio-communication antennas. Both the numerical and experimental studies confirm that composites and, in particular, GFRPs result in low interference with electromagnetic fields. The main contribution to the interference is generated by the concrete base. However, it may be significantly reduced by using particular strategies, for example, in very high frequency omnidirectional range systems, by placing the concrete basement under the counterpoise level of the antennas.
Numerical Study of Coulomb Scattering Effects on Electron Beam from a Nano-Tip (2008)

Nano-tips with high acceleration gradient around the emission surface have been proposed to generate high brightness beams.However, due to the small size of the tip, the charge density near the tip is very high even for a small number of electrons.The stochastic Coulomb scattering near the tip can degrade the beam quality and cause extra emittance growth and energy spread.In the paper, we present a numerical study of these effects using a direct relativistic N-body model.We found that emittance growth and energy spread, due to Coulomb scattering, can be significantly enhanced with respect to mean-field spacecharge calculations.
Research on the Construction of a Novel Cyberspace Security Ecosystem (2018)

Given the challenges facing the cyberspace of the nation, this paper presents the tripartite theory of cyberspace, based on the status quo of cyberspace. Corresponding strategies and a research architecture are proposed for common public networks (C space), secure classified networks (S space), and key infrastructure networks (K space), based on their individual characteristics. The features and security requirements of these networks are then discussed. Taking C space as an example, we introduce the SMCRC (which stands for “situation awareness, monitoring and management, cooperative defense, response and recovery, and countermeasures and traceback”) loop for constructing a cyberspace security ecosystem. Following a discussion on its characteristics and information exchange, our analysis focuses on the critical technologies of the SMCRC loop. To obtain more insight into national cyberspace security, special attention should be paid to global sensing and precise mapping, continuous detection and active management, cross-domain cooperation and systematic defense, autonomous response and rapid processing, and accurate traceback and countermeasure deterrence. Keywords: Cyberspace security ecosystem, SMCRC loop, Tripartite theory of cyberspace