gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combinatorial chemistry : synthesis, analysis, screening (1999)

Combinatorial Chemistry survey of solid phase organic reactions solid phase combinatorial chemistry combinatorial chemistry of multicomponent reactions solid phase anchors in organic chemistry the use of templates in combinatorial chemistry for solid phase synthesis of multiple core structure libraries combinatorial synthetic oligomers glycopeptide and oligosaccharide libraries RNA and DNA aptamers combinatorial approaches to molecular receptors for chemosensors peptide libraries in T-cell mediated immune response combinatorial biosynthesis of microbial metabolites design and diversity analysis of compound libraries for lead discovery how to scale-up while scaling down - EVOscreen, a miniaturized ultra high throughput screening system high throughput experimentation in catalysis FT-infrared spectroscopy and IR-microscopy for on bead analysis of compound libraries mass spectrometric analysis of combinatorially generated compounds and libraries ion-cyclotron-resonance-FT-mass spectrometry for elemental composition analysis of library components automation in combinatorial synthesis.
Analysis of phylogenetic profiles using Bayesian decomposition (2004)

Antibiotic resistance together with the side effects of broad spectrum antibacterials make development of targeted antibiotics of great interest. To meet the problem of identifying potential targets specific to some genuses, a dataset comprising a series of phylogenetic profiles was built for a series of pathogenic bacteria of interest. The profiles are the highest BLAST scores for genes compared to selected genes of E. coli and M. tuberculosis. The dataset reflects the past evolution of those genes due to adaptation to specific niches, marked by lateral gene transfer, duplication and mutation of existing genes, or merging of existing genes. Genes that function together will be constrained to evolve together, to maintain viability in the organism. However, a given gene may have a role in multiple functional groups through the evolutionary process. Analysis using Bayesian decomposition helps to retrieve those relationships by retrieving fundamental patterns related to the evolutionary retained functions.
Development of 2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluororibose for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Liver Function in Vivo (2015)

Life-threatening acute liver failure can be triggered by a variety of factors, including common drugs such as acetaminophen. Positron emission tomography (PET) is rarely used to monitor liver function, in part because of a lack of specific imaging agents for liver function. Here we report a new PET probe, 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluororibose ([(18)F]-2-DFR), for use in imaging liver function. [(18)F]-2-DFR was synthesized and validated as a competitive substrate for the ribose salvage pathway. [(18)F]-2-DFR was prepared through an efficient late stage radiofluorination. The desired selectivity of fluorination was achieved using an unorthodox protecting group on the precursor, which could withstand harsh SN2 reaction conditions with no side reactions. [(18)F]-2-DFR accumulated preferentially in the liver and was metabolized by the same enzymes as ribose. [(18)F]-2-DFR could distinguish between healthy liver and liver damaged by acetaminophen. [(18)F]-2-DFR is expected to be a useful PET probe for imaging and quantifying liver functions in vivo, with likely significant clinical utility.
The development of lightweight cellular structures for metal additive manufacturing (2013)

Metal Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies in particular powder bed fusion processes such as Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) are capable of producing a fully-dense metal components directly from computer-aided design (CAD) model without the need of tooling. This unique capability offered by metal AM has allowed the manufacture of inter-connected lattice structures from metallic materials for different applications including, medical implants and aerospace lightweight components. Despite the many promising design freedoms, metal AM still faces some major technical and design barriers in building complex structures with overhang geometries. Any overhang geometry which exceeds the minimum allowable build angle must be supported. The function of support structure is to prevent the newly melted layer from curling due to thermal stresses by anchoring it in place. External support structures are usually removed from the part after the build; however, internal support structures are difficult or impossible to remove.&#13;\nThese limitations are in contrast to what is perceived by designers as metal AM being able to generate all conceivable geometries. Because support structures consume expensive raw materials, use a considerable amount of laser consolidation energy, there is considerable interest in design optimisation of support structure to minimize the build time, energy, and material consumption. Similarly there is growing demand of developing more advanced and lightweight cellular structures which are self-supporting and manufacturable in wider range of cell sizes and volume fractions using metal AM.&#13;\nThe main focuses of this research is to tackle the process limitation in metal AM and promote design freedom through advanced self-supporting and low-density Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) cellular structures. Low density uniform, and graded, cellular structures have been developed for metal AM processes. This work presents comprehensive experimental test conducted in SLM and DMLS processes using different TPMS cell topologies and materials. This research has contributed to new knowledge in understanding the manufacturability and mechanical behaviour of TPMS cellular structures with varying cell sizes, orientations and volume fractions. The new support structure method will address the saving of material (via low volume cellular structures and easy removal of powder) and saving of energy (via reduced build-time).
The Use of Diffusion Weighted Imaging and Intravoxel Incoherent Motion to Assess Edema and Perfusion in Abdominal Organs during Endotoxemia (2023)

Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) technique probing the microscopic movement of water molecules in tissue, allows for the quantification of water diffusivity and the contribution of perfusion to the total amount of water. In the last decades, its use in organs other than the brain has increased and it has successfully been applied to abdominal organs; otherwise the use of DWI for the assessment of perfusion (by measuring perfusion fraction and edema (by measuring the apparent diffusion coefficient—ADC) of entire organs is not a clinical standard. The aim of this paper is to assess whether DWI, specifically IVIM, can accurately assess edema (the amount of water contained in a tissue) and perfusion in abdominal organs (liver, spleen, intestine and kidneys) in an endotoxemic porcine model. Endotoxemia was induced in 20 piglets and they were divided into three groups: HM group (HighMAP, mean arterial pressure was maintained &gt;65 mmHg by noradrenaline infusion), LM group (LowMAP, MAP was maintained between 50 and 60 mmHg) and LTD (the thoracic duct was ligated to increase abdominal edema). In addition, a fourth group of healthy controls (four animals) underwent MRI. Edema was also assessed by wet–dry weight in liver, spleen and intestine; and perfusion was assessed by hemodynamics, lactate concentration and SvO2. ADC was found to be higher in the intestine of the LTD group compared with the other groups, in accordance with wet–dry weight. In addition, ADC in kidneys was found to be correlated to glomerular filtration rate. f was correlated with hemodynamics in kidneys and liver. The presented data show that there is a potential for clinical use of the technique in septic patients.
A user-centric service creation approach for Next Generation Networks (2008)

The architecture and technologies for the Next Generation Networks are well known. The service provision approach is not so clear though. While the Telecommunications killer application still remains to be found, new competitors in the new all-IP world threaten the traditional business models of telcos by providing their services directly to the operators’ customers. An innovative paradigm has recently come about in the Internet which allows users to create and share their own services from the composition of other services. User-centric service creation environments improve the service offering with profitable, value-added services faster and cheaper than ever before. This paper presents the initial results of a research project that applies the user-centric approach to the creative combination of Web and network services over Next Generation Networks.
Supplementary Table S1 from <i>In Vivo</i> Tracking of Adoptively Transferred Natural Killer Cells in Rhesus Macaques Using <sup>89</sup>Zirconium-Oxine Cell Labeling and PET Imaging (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Zr-89 oxine labeled cell doses infused to rhesus macaques.&lt;/p&gt;
Excellent Clinical Outcomes From a National Donation-After-Determination-of-Cardiac-Death Lung Transplant Collaborative (2012)

Donation-after-Determination-of-Cardiac-Death (DDCD) donor lungs can potentially increase the pool of lungs available for Lung Transplantation (LTx). This paper presents the 5-year results for Maastricht category III DDCD LTx undertaken by the multicenter Australian National DDCD LTx Collaborative. The Collaborative was developed to facilitate interaction with the Australian Organ Donation Authority, standardization of definitions, guidelines, education and audit processes. Between 2006 and 2011 there were 174 actual DDCD category III donors (with an additional 37 potentially suitable donors who did not arrest in the mandated 90 min postwithdrawal window), of whom 71 donated lungs for 70 bilateral LTx and two single LTx. In 2010 this equated to an "extra" 28% of donors utilized for LTx. Withdrawal to pulmonary arterial flush was a mean of 35.2 ± 4.0 min (range 18-89). At 24 h, the incidence of grade 3 primary graft dysfunction was 8.5%[median PaO(2)/FiO(2) ratio 315 (range 50-507)]. Overall the incidence of grade 3 chronic rejections was 5%. One- and 5-year actuarial survival was 97% and 90%, versus 90% and 61%, respectively, for 503 contemporaneous brain-dead donor lung transplants. Category III DDCD LTx therefore provides a significant, practical, additional quality source of transplantable lungs.
Front-end circuits for a photonic analog-to-digital converter (2011)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2011.
Coherence properties of an atom laser (1999)

We study the coherence properties of an atom laser, which operates by extracting atoms from a gaseous Bose-Einstein condensate via a two-photon Raman process, by analyzing a recent experiment. We obtain good agreement with the experimental data by solving the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation in three dimensions both numerically and with a Thomas-Fermi model. The coherence length is strongly affected by the space-dependent phase developed by the condensate when the trapping potential is turned off.
Friction and Wear in SOI Microsystem Contacts. (2007)

Abstract not provided.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Selenothioic Acid S‐Esters and Diselenoic Acid Esters with Trialkyl Phosphites Leading to α‐Phosphoryl Sulfides and Selenides. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Optimal Feedback Control (2012)

This chapter explains feedback-dependent motor control. It presents examples that support the idea that the motor commands that move the body rely on internal predictions regarding the state of the body/environment, and sensory observations. It shows that during a movement, the motor commands depend on the state of the body part that is being controlled, as well as the overall goal of the task. This chapter suggests that the motor commands to control eye and head movements during head-free gaze changes respond to sensory feedback, and the conditions are simulated in which the head is perturbed, demonstrating how it affects the ongoing saccade of the eye.
Spatiotemporal fractionation schemes for stereotactic radiosurgery of multiple brain metastases (2023)

Spatiotemporal fractionation schemes represent an approach to lower the biological dose to the healthy brain in SRS-based treatments of multiple BMs. Although cSTF cannot achieve the full BED reduction of STF, it improves on uniform fractionation and is more robust against both setup errors and biological uncertainties related to partial tumor irradiation.
Observation of individual neutral atoms in magnetic and magneto-optical traps (1996)

We have identified and photographed individual cesium atoms in a magneto-optical trap with steep magnetic gradients. By switching off the trapping light fields, single atoms were released to a bound state of the magnetic potential. A storage time of 38 s was measured for purely magnetic trapping, whereas a storage time of 147 s was observed in the corresponding magneto-optical trap.
1P1-C18 Customizable Communication Robot : Motion Synthesis based on comprehension of Robot's ideal model (2010)

Our goal is to create a robot which can communicate with people for a long time. We developed the customizable communication robot "WEAR" which is installed the system which can reject of user's customization based on its judgement. In this paper, we carried out an experiment to verify the user's impression when WEAR changes it's motion based on user's understanding of the judgement. As the results, we confirmed that when WEAR changes it's motion, users more interested in WEAR, compared to didn't changes motion.
Interstitial cystitis pathogenesis and treatment (2006)

The pathogenesis of interstitial cystitis remains uncertain and the illness has significant diversity. Additional research is needed to establish subtypes that share common processes that can be targeted for treatment as a single effective therapy for the condition remains elusive.
Supplementary Table from A Mesenchymal Tumor Cell State Confers Increased Dependency on the BCL-X<sub>L</sub> Antiapoptotic Protein in Kidney Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Table from A Mesenchymal Tumor Cell State Confers Increased Dependency on the BCL-X&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; Antiapoptotic Protein in Kidney Cancer
Distributed Compressed Natural Gas Sea Transport (2009)

While liquefied natural gas (LNG) is the dominant technology for marine transport of natural gas, compressed natural gas (CNG) is an economically attractive alternative for transportation of relatively small amounts of natural gas over shortdistances (up to 6 Bcm/year transported over 2000 km, respectively). Because the main capital expenditure in a CNG project is on marine transport vessels, careful design of CNG transport fleets and compatible distribution schedules is important. Design through solution of an all-encompassing optimization problem would be desirable but complicated and intuitive unappealing. In this work, a structured optimization framework is applied to potential marine CNG transport from a source in the Trinidad/Venezuela area to island countries in the Caribbean. Two general patterns emerge in the results: A
PSA Screening in Older Men (2006)

Despite lack of definitive evidence that prostate cancer screening lowers the rate of prostate cancer–specific mortality, some major U.S. health
New Low‐Energy Crystal Structures in ZrO2 and HfO2 (2021)

From first principles, the energy and volume of metastable phases of and are calculated. At low energy, two inequivalent, nonpolar, orthorhombic phases of the same space group Pbca number P61 are found.
Matrix metalloproteinase protein inhibitors: highlighting a new beginning for metalloproteinases in medicine (2016)

Abstract: The development of therapeutic matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors has evolved from broad-spectrum peptidomimetic inhibitors with deleterious side effects, to highly selective agents. These range from small molecules to antibodies, antisense inhibitors, and engineered N-terminal tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase domain. The advances in inhibitor design along with promising new global molecular insights into MMP structures, the protease web, and the role of extracellular matrix in diseases have contributed toward a renewed interest in using MMPs as valid drug targets. This review aims to address the advances and challenges concerning the design, development, and current status of anti-MMP agents in this new era of post-broad-spectrum MMP inhibitors. Highly selective inhibitors of MMPs promise to usher in an era of specific targeting of diseased tissue proteolysis networks, with markedly reduced negative repercussions, and to uncover the molecular and mechanistic roles of MMP isoforms in cancer, inflammation, and infection. Keywords: matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, MMPI, small molecules, MMP-inhibiting monoclonal antibodies, engineered N-TIMP, miRNA A Letter to the Editor has been received and published for this article.
Impact of Winding Parameters on Torque Level under Harmonic Injection in Multiphase Induction Machine (2019)

Multiphase induction machines have the advantage of producing torque under different current harmonics. Theoretically, with some simplifications, the maximum produced torque can be considered proportional to the harmonic winding factor related to the injected current harmonic. However previous work has shown that this theoretical proportionality between the maximum developed torque and harmonic winding factors is not obtained in the case of a five-phase induction machine with eight-poles and fractional-slot tooth concentrated winding. This paper aims to investigate the effect of winding parameters, especially phase number, fundamental polarity and stator slots number, on the torque production in multiphase induction machine under harmonics injection. A comparative study is done between four five-phase winding configurations, with the same geometry and copper volume, under both first and third harmonic injection. Finally, a special 15-phase winding presenting better consistency between maximum developed torque and harmonic winding factors is proposed.
C5‐Functionalized DNA, LNA, and α‐L‐LNA: Positional Control of Polarity‐Sensitive Fluorophores Leads to Improved SNP‐Typing (2011)

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are important markers in disease genetics and pharmacogenomic studies. Oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ONs) modified with 5-[3-(1-pyrenecarboxamido)propynyl]-2'-deoxyuridine monomer X enable detection of SNPs at non-stringent conditions due to differential fluorescence emission of matched versus mismatched nucleic acid duplexes. Herein, the thermal denaturation and optical spectroscopic characteristics of monomer X are compared to the corresponding locked nucleic acid (LNA) and α-L-LNA monomers Y and Z. ONs modified with monomers Y or Z result in a) larger increases in fluorescence intensity upon hybridization to complementary DNA, b) formation of more brightly fluorescent duplexes due to markedly larger fluorescence emission quantum yields (Φ(F)=0.44-0.80) and pyrene extinction coefficients, and c) improved optical discrimination of SNPs in DNA targets. Optical spectroscopy studies suggest that the nucleobase moieties of monomers X-Z adopt anti and syn conformations upon hybridization with matched and mismatched targets, respectively. The polarity-sensitive 1-pyrenecarboxamido fluorophore is, thereby, either positioned in the polar major groove or in the hydrophobic duplex core close to quenching nucleobases. Calculations suggest that the bicyclic skeletons of LNA and α-L-LNA monomers Y and Z influence the glycosidic torsional angle profile leading to altered positional control and photophysical properties of the C5-fluorophore.
Cross-sectional survey of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in the sultanate of Oman (2016)

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne hemorrhagic disease caused primarily by a zoonotic virus. The disease may cause a fatal hemorrhagic illness in human; however, CCHF is asymptomatic in infected animals. After the recent reports of CCHF in Oman, a cross-sectional survey was conducted during 2013 to 2014 to study the prevalence in livestock and ticks in order to assess the potential risk of emergence. 1289 serum samples were collected from different domestic animals, and tested by two types of modified ELISA (Indirect and competitive ELISA) for detection of CCHF specific immunoglobulin G (IgG). A prevalence of 7.1% positive serum samples was recorded. Highest individual prevalence was recorded in cattle (17.5%) followed by camels (15.7 %), goat (4.8%) and sheep (4.3%). Moreover, 174 ticks were also collected from 179 location. In total, 9 tick samples were found positive for CCHF virus by Antigen-capture ELISA test and RT-PCR which represents 5.1%. Moreover, the concomitant findings of positive sera for animals and detection of CCHF virus was reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). This study aims to estimate the disease distribution in livestock in Oman, identify areas under high risk, and contemplate a comprehensive control strategy. Key words: Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever, virus, survey, livestock, ticks, Oman.
ABB Subsea Power JIP – Going the Distance (2019)

ABB is running a joint project with Equinor, Total and Chevron to develop technologies for subsea power transmission, distribution and conversion. The output will form a critical part of future advanced subsea field developments. Started in 2013, the project reached a major milestone in late 2017 when the first full-scale prototype of the variable speed drive (VSD) passed a shallow water test. Final preparations are now underway for a 3000-hour test of the complete subsea power system with two VSDs in a parallel configuration combined with subsea switchgear and controls. The new solution will ultimately mean operators can free up topside space, or use no topside installation whatsoever, yielding significant cost and safety benefits. It is an extremely challenging endeavour, not only due to the harsh conditions to which the equipment will be subjected, but also because of the considerable reliability required. The equipment, the medium voltage (MV) switchgear, control and low voltage (LV) distribution equipment and the VSDs, must be able to run without intervention for many years. The VSD's successful shallow-water test is the subject of a separate OTC paper; here, we present the highlights in the context of the wider project and particularly the steps taken to build confidence along the way that the proposed solution will be fit for purpose when fully launched. Readers will gain insights into the key steps of this cutting-edge project. These include modifying prototypes of the equipment based on rounds of simulations, laboratory assessments (eg accelerated aging, vibration and shock testing) and water testing. As such an undertaking has never been achieved before, it is a journey with considerable learnings to be shared not only upon completion but also en-route. As we approach the goal which is anticipated by the end of 2019, it is appropriate to begin to share what we have learnt as we have been going the distance.
Stochastic analysis of multiple-passband spectral classifications systems affected by observation errors (1980)

The classification of targets viewed by a pushbroom type multiple band spectral scanner by algorithms suitable for implementation in high speed online digital circuits is considered. A class of algorithms suitable for use with a pipelined classifier is investigated through simulations based on observed data from agricultural targets. It is shown that time distribution of target types is an important determining factor in classification efficiency.