gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solving difficult SAT instances in the presence of symmetry (2002)

Research in algorithms for Boolean satisfiability and their implementations has recently outpaced benchmarking efforts. Most of the classic DIMACS benchmarks can be solved in seconds on commodity PCs. More recent benchmarks take longer to solve because of their large size, but are still solved in minutes. Yet, small and difficult SAT instances must exist because Boolean satisfiability is NP-complete. We propose an improved construction of symmetry-breaking clauses and apply it to achieve significant speed-ups over current state-of-the-art in Boolean satisfiability. Our techniques are formulated as preprocessing and can be applied to any SAT solver without changing its source code. We also show that considerations of symmetry may lead to more efficient reductions to SAT in the routing domain. Our work articulates SAT instances that are unusually difficult for their size, including satisfiable instances derived from routing problems. Using an efficient implementation to solve the graph automorphism problem, we show that in structured SAT instances difficulty may be associated with large numbers of symmetries.
Design exploration for high-performance pipelines (1994)

Exploration plays an important role in the design of high-performance pipelines. We propose an exploration strategy for varying three design parameters by using a performance-constrained component selection and pipelining algorithm on different “architectures”. The architecture is specified manually by using a mix of behavioral and structural constructs, while the component selection and pipelining is performed automatically using our algorithms. Results on two industrial-strength DSP systems, indicate the effectiveness of our strategy in exploring a large design space within a matter of seconds.
Lights, Camera, Action! Exploring Effects of Visual Distractions on Completion of Security Tasks (2017)

Human errors in performing security-critical tasks are typically blamed on the complexity of those tasks. However, such errors can also occur because of (possibly unexpected) sensory distractions. A sensory distraction that produces negative effects can be abused by the adversary that controls the environment. Meanwhile, a distraction with positive effects can be artificially introduced to improve user performance. The goal of this work is to explore the effects of visual stimuli on the performance of security-critical tasks. To this end, we experimented with a large number of subjects who were exposed to a range of unexpected visual stimuli while attempting to perform Bluetooth Pairing. Our results clearly demonstrate substantially increased task completion times and markedly lower task success rates. These negative effects are noteworthy, especially, when contrasted with prior results on audio distractions which had positive effects on performance of similar tasks. Experiments were conducted in a novel (fully automated and completely unattended) experimental environment. This yielded more uniform experiments, better scalability and significantly lower financial and logistical burdens. We discuss this experience, including benefits and limitations of the unattended automated experiment paradigm.
Nuclear Progestin Receptor Phosphorylation by Cdk9 Is Required for the Expression of Mmp15, a Protease Indispensable for Ovulation in Medaka (2019)

Ovulation denotes the discharge of fertilizable oocytes from ovarian follicles. Follicle rupture during ovulation requires extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation at the apex of the follicle. In the teleost medaka, an excellent model for vertebrate ovulation studies, LH-inducible matrix metalloproteinase 15 (Mmp15) plays a critical role during rupture. In this study, we found that follicle ovulation was inhibited not only by roscovitine, the cyclin-dependent protein kinase (CDK) inhibitor, but also by CDK9-inhibitor II, a specific CDK9 inhibitor. Inhibition of follicle ovulation by the inhibitors was accompanied by the suppression of Mmp15 expression in the follicle. In follicles treated with the inhibitors, the formation of the phosphorylated nuclear progestin receptor (Pgr) was inhibited. Roscovitine treatment caused a reduction in the binding of Pgr to the promoter region of <i>mmp15</i>. The expression of Cdk9 and cyclin I (Ccni), and their association in the follicle was demonstrated, suggesting that Cdk9 and Ccni may be involved in the phosphorylation of Pgr in vivo. LH-induced follicular expression of <i>ccni</i>/Ccni was also shown. This study is the first to report the involvement of CDK in ECM degradation during ovulation in a vertebrate species.
Outwitting the Devil: The Secret to Freedom and Success (1938)

Napoleon Hill wrote this book in 1938, just after publication of his all-time bestseller, Think and Grow Rich. This powerful tale has never been published, considered too controversial by his family and friends. Using his legendary ability to get to the root of human potential, Napoleon Hill digs deep to identify the greatest obstacles we face in reaching personal goals: fear, procrastination, anger and jealousy, as tools of the Devil. These hidden methods of control can lead us to ruin and Hill reveals the seven principles of good that will allow us to triumph over them and succeed. Annotated and edited for a contemporary audience by Three Feet from Gold co-author Sharon Lechter, this book is profound, powerful, resonant and rich with insight.
Analysis of Individual Protein Regions Provides Novel Insights on Cancer Pharmacogenomics (2015)

The promise of personalized cancer medicine cannot be fulfilled until we gain better understanding of the connections between the genomic makeup of a patient's tumor and its response to anticancer drugs. Several datasets that include both pharmacologic profiles of cancer cell lines as well as their genomic alterations have been recently developed and extensively analyzed. However, most analyses of these datasets assume that mutations in a gene will have the same consequences regardless of their location. While this assumption might be correct in some cases, such analyses may miss subtler, yet still relevant, effects mediated by mutations in specific protein regions. Here we study such perturbations by separating effects of mutations in different protein functional regions (PFRs), including protein domains and intrinsically disordered regions. Using this approach, we have been able to identify 171 novel associations between mutations in specific PFRs and changes in the activity of 24 drugs that couldn't be recovered by traditional gene-centric analyses. Our results demonstrate how focusing on individual protein regions can provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying the drug sensitivity of cancer cell lines. Moreover, while these new correlations are identified using only data from cancer cell lines, we have been able to validate some of our predictions using data from actual cancer patients. Our findings highlight how gene-centric experiments (such as systematic knock-out or silencing of individual genes) are missing relevant effects mediated by perturbations of specific protein regions. All the associations described here are available from http://www.cancer3d.org.
SQL Injection Vulnerability Identification from Text (2021)

Increasing usage of Information Technology (IT) applications in distributed environment is leading to an increase in security exploits. Vulnerabilities related information is also available on open web in an unstructured format that developers may leverage to fix security weaknesses in their IT applications. SQL Injection (SQLi) is one of the topmost vulnerabilities impacting the security of IT applications. We propose an approach to identify information about SQLi in text using text summarization to process any length of text, and a supervised machine learning model to automate the classification of SQLi. To validate the proposed approach, we created a dataset of 100,019 entries that includes 50,010 entries of SQLi from the National Vulnerability Database, 25,010 near negatives related to other cyber security vulnerabilities, and 24,999 data entries that are unrelated to cyber security. The selected Random Forest model was also tested identify SQLi from Web and Twitter text.
A NewBacillus pasteuriiUrease Inhibitor fromEuphorbia decipiens (2006)

Inhibition of Bacillus pasteurii urease enzyme by 3,7,15-tri-O-acetyl-5-O-nicotinoyl-13,14-dihydroxymyrsinol (1), a diterpene ester with a myrsinol-type skeleton, isolated from Euphorbia decipiens Boiss. and Buhse, was un-competitive consistent with the molecular docking results. The Ki value was 117.40 +/- 0.7 microM.
Patterns of Abiotic Stress–Induced Homoeologous Gene Silencing in Hexaploid Wheat (2013)

Abstract Genes duplicated following polyploidization (termed homoeologues) are not always equally expressed. Although homoeologous silencing is an established phenomenon among polyploid species, to date, only limited evidence has been gathered which associates a phenotype with the absence of an individual homoeologous transcript. Here, we show that salinity stress can induce homoeologous silencing in hexaploid wheat and that selective expression can also occur in a tissue not directly exposed to the stress. Some of the instances of salinity stress‐induced homoeologous silencing were dependent on the severity of the stress. The responses were conserved across three diverse cultivars. It is likely that this type of response contributes significantly to the overall level of salinity resistance shown by polyploid wheat.
Macrophage Activation for Tumor Cytotoxicity: Induction of Tumoricidal Macrophages by Supernatants of PPD-Stimulated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-Immune Spleen Cell Cultures (1977)

Resident peritoneal macrophages from normal mice were activated for tumor cytotoxicity in vitro by co-cultivation with BCG1-immune spleen cells and PPD and by incubation with supernatants of PPD-stimulated BCG-immune spleen cell cultures (lymphokine supernatants). Lymphokine activation of macrophages occurred in unfractionated PC suspensions as well as in macrophage monolayers depleted of nonadherent PC. Tumor cytotoxicity by lymphokine-activated macrophages was evident by 3 to 4 hr of culture in active supernatants, reached maximal levels by 8 to 12 hr. and was absent by 20 hr. Continued incubation in lymphokines or even re-exposure after washing did not maintain macrophage cytotoxicity. The capacity of normal resident macrophages to be activated by lymphokines in vitro progressively decreased and was absent by 20 hr in culture. This decrease did not necessarily reflect cell death; macrophage viability as estimated by exclusion of trypan blue or by phagocytic responses did not change over the 20-hr culture period. The short lived nature of both macrophage tumoricidal capacity and capacity of precursor cells to be activated by lymphokines may function as negative feedback mechanisms in immune reactions.
The Delta Programming Language: An Integrated Approach to Non-Linear Phonology, Phonetics, and Speech Synthesis (2020)

The Delta programming language is designed to let linguists easily formalize and test phonological and phonetic theories. Its central data structure lets rule-writers represent utterances as multiple "streams" of synchronized units of their choice, giving them considerable flexibility in expressing the relationship between phonological and phonetic units. This paper presents the Delta language, showing how it can be applied to two linguistic models, one for Bambara tone and fundamental frequency patterns and one for English formant patterns. While Delta is a powerful, special-purpose language that alone should serve the needs of most phonologists, phoneticians, and linguistics students who wish to test their rules, the Delta System also provides the flexibility of a general purpose language by letting users intermingle C programming language statements with Delta statements.
Optimization of camelina gum isolation from bran and protein extraction using decortication (2021)

Camelina (Camelina sativa L. Crantz) seeds, especially their bran, contain a significant amount of monosaccharides and polysaccharides (gums). A decortication procedure was used for improving gum isolation as well as increasing the efficiency of camelina protein isolation and protein quality. The effects of bran-to-water ratio (1:30, 1:40, and 1:50 g/mL), isolation temperature (25, 50, and 75 °C), isolation time (0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 h), and their interactions on gum yield, purity, and rheological properties were studied. Response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal condition for isolating gums from the bran of camelina seed. Gum yield, purity, and viscosity data fit the second-order model (R2 = 0.995, 0.877, and 0.804) better than the first-order model (R2 = 0.813, 0.568, and 0.636). Regression results from the second-order model showed that bran-to-water ratio, isolation temperature, and isolation time all had significant effect on gum yield, purity, and viscosity. The optimal gum isolation condition was found to be: bran-to-water ratio: 1:39 g/mL; isolation temperature: 35 °C; and isolation time: 1.5 h. Under these conditions, gum yield, purity, and viscosity were 19.08% (w/w), 56.24% (w/w), and 62.80 Pa·s, respectively. The maximum predicted value of all three responses was 0.839. The yield and quality of protein extracted from decorticated endosperm were significantly improved over those from whole seed meal.
The hybrid Java and XML-based MOBISERVE Rich Media middleware for DVB IP Datacast (2007)

In this paper, the MOBISERVE terminal application middleware is introduced. Firstly, two different approaches to describe rich media services on mobile terminals are characterized. These are the Java-based approach and the XML-based approach. In this context, the rich media concept encompasses the combined usage of synchronized dynamic and static content (e.g. audio/video, text, graphics) together with end user interactivity. Based on that, the MOBISERVE terminal platform with different middleware profiles is described. The middleware supports the combined (hybrid) usage of both Java-based and XML-based rich media elements in one service. As the applicability of the approaches differs from use case to use case, this paper characterizes typical XML-oriented respective Java-oriented use-cases. This is done based on the end user scenarios which were prepared within the MOBISERVE project.
3D-imaging: a scanning light pattern projector (2016)

The technology of electrically adjustable optical interfaces has found applications in, e.g., camera lenses, where an adjustable focal length provides automatic focusing for the camera. In this paper, we will investigate a liquid lens, where both the focal length and the tilt of this lens can be adjusted electrically. Specifically, the tilting ability of this lens will be tested by combining the liquid lens with a projector in order to scan lines across a three-dimensional (3D) object. The linearity, reproducibility, hysteresis, and time response of its tilting functionality will be tested. Further, crosstalk between the two functionalities of the liquid lens is tested for the specific case, where the focal length is set to infinity. Finally, the liquid lens and the projector in combination with four stereo cameras will be demonstrated as a 3D imaging setup.
HOLY COW IN INDIA: A POLITICAL DISCOURSE AND SOCIAL MEDIA ANALYSIS FOR RESTORATIVE JUSTICE (2021)

The issue of holy cows in India has gained significant importance on social media and connects with the political dilemma between Hindus and Muslims. This paper discusses political discourse and peopleâs dark shades of emotion on social media to cow vigilante violence in India. It elaborates legislation differences on cow slaughter, historical and political aspects of cow vigilante violence against Muslim and Dalit minorities in India. Drawing from literature, the vigilante groups in India use social media platforms to disseminate content on cow vigilantism and publicize spectacles for political benefits. Social activists who support political leaders play a vital role in spreading the cow vigilante violence content through end-to-end encrypted social media apps to create turbulent situations among vulnerable communities. The situation analysis of cow vigilante violence shows that the Hindu nationalists perpetuate violence against Muslims in retribution of perceived historic harm caused by the Muslim rulers of subcontinent India. This paper has identified restorative justice theories that could guide the transformation of cow vigilante violence situation factors into peaceful coexistence of Hindus and Muslims in India. Further, Galtungâs peace model added value to ensure the functionality of peacebuilding, peacemaking, and peacekeeping among Hindus, Muslims, and Dalit minorities in India.
Supplementary Data DS1 from A Phase I Dose-escalation Study of AZD3965, an Oral Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 Inhibitor, in Patients with Advanced Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;supplementary data: Methods, tables, figure.&lt;/p&gt;
Fine-scale distribution of zooplankton over a mesoscale front explored through high frequency imaging (2015)

International audience
Surgical outcomes after reoperation for recurrent skull base meningiomas (2018)

Recurrent skull base meningiomas are surgically challenging tumors, and reoperation is associated with high morbidity and complication rates. Despite these cautionary data, repeat resection of recurrent skull base meningiomas in appropriately selected patients provides excellent long-term survival.
Achieving Pareto Optimality in a Decentralized Design Environment (2009)

As engineering systems grow in complexity, the teams that design them require increasingly disparate expertise and must operate in a distributed fashion. At the same time, the teams that design subsystems need to compete and compromise with each other for a limited set of resources. Thus, it becomes crucial to establish a system-level understanding of the trade-offs between subsystems. However, there is little research regarding formal design methods for determining rational designs in a decentralized environment. Lewis and others have developed an effective Game Theoretic approach based on Decision Theory to locate a Nash Equilibrium design with minimum information sharing. This paper presents a design technique to balance tradeoffs between subsystem and system performance by minimizing information sharing between subsystems, thus converging to a set of Pareto Optimal designs. In this research, designers pass a quadratic approximation of each subsystem’s objective functions at each iteration. This approach is illustrated by case examples of a pressure vessel and an airplane that show how Pareto Optimal Designs may be obtained in a decentralized design environment.
All-Perovskite Tandem Photoelectrodes for Unassisted Solar Hydrogen Production (2023)

Unassisted solar water splitting by multijunction tandem photoelectrodes is a sustainable approach to generating green hydrogen fuels. Here, we report on the fabrication of monolithically integrated all-perovskite tandem photocathodes for efficient unassisted solar water splitting. All-perovskite tandem photocathodes wired to an iridium oxide anode deliver a high photovoltage of more than 2 V with an operating photocurrent density of 12.5 mA cm–2 at zero applied bias under simulated AM1.5G 1 sun illumination, yielding a solar-to-hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiency of 15%. The tandem photoelectrode demonstrates continuous operation in water for more than 120 h under simulated 1 sun illumination with less than 5% efficiency loss. A technoeconomic analysis shows the projected production cost of all-perovskite tandem photoelectrodes is $30 m–2, promising a levelized cost of hydrogen of less than $1/kg if sufficient device longevity is realized. This work provides a path toward achieving cost-effective unassisted solar hydrogen fuel production.
Combinatorial chemoenzymatic strategies for in vitro glycorandomization: Efforts toward antibiotic optimization. (2004)

Extract: The natural product pool, which includes many glycosylated secondary metabolites, is the source of over half of the world's drug leads. For example, the antibiotics vancomycin and erythromycin, the antitumor compounds bleomycin and doxorubicin, and the antifungal agents amphotericin and nystatin all contain essential sugar attachments. Carbohydrate groups of natural product-based drugs have long been known to generally influence pharmacokinetic properties and there is an increasing recognition that these carbohydrate appendages also play a key role in drug-target interactions. These findings suggest that the alteration of glycosylation patterns on secondary metabolites is a potential strategy for the generation of novel therapeutics. We postulate that combinatorial chemoenzymatic strategies toward glycorandomized natural products will be able to overcome the limitations associated with total synthesis (time, protecting group manipulations, regio- and stereo-selectivity problems) and with in vivo pathway engineering (structural complexity, pathway bias, toxicity) by combining the advantages of enzymatic catalysis (efficiency, possibility of fermentation-based scale-up) with the power of chemical synthesis (unlimited diversity). We have recently demonstrated the power of in vitro glycorandomization (IVG) using vancomycin as the model.
(Imidazol‐2‐yl)methyl‐1,3‐propanediones: Regioselective C–H Functionalization of the Imidazole Ring by Acylacetylene/Aldehyde Pairs (2016)

Abstract The metal‐free regioselective C‐2–H functionalization of 1‐substituted imidazoles has been effected by a cascade reaction with aromatic or heteroaromatic aldehydes and acylacetylenes under mild conditions (55–60 °C, MeCN) to give (imidazol‐2‐yl)methyl‐1,3‐propanediones in 22–77 %, mainly 40–70 % yields.
Asymmetric hydroalkylation of alkynes and allenes with imidazolidinone derivatives: α-alkenylation of α-amino acids (2021)

This work reports a new method for the synthesis of quaternary α-alkenyl substituted amino acids by the enantio- and diastereoselective addition of imidazolidinone derivatives to alkynes and allenes. Further hydrolysis of the imidazolidinone products under acidic conditions afforded biologically relevant amino acid derivatives. This method is geometry-selective (<i>E</i>-isomer), enantio- and diastereoselective, and products were obtained in good to excellent yields. The utility of this new methodology is proved by its operational simplicity and the successful accomplishment of gram-scale reactions. Experimental and computational studies suggest the key role of Li in terms of selectivity and support the proposed reaction mechanism.
Application of a quartz microbalance based gas sensor array for the study of halitosis (2008)

Research into the monitoring and control of oral malodor has nowadays received new stimulus from the importance gained by this phenomenon as a medical and social problem. In this paper the performance of an electronic nose to detect this manifestation has been investigated in order to explore the possibility of using this instrument as a complement to those already existing for the assessment of oral malodor. In particular, a breath sampling procedure has been optimized to maximize the transfer to the sensors of those molecules that are known to be associated with the malodor. The sensitivity of electronic nose sensors to hydrogen sulfide, butyric acid and valeric acid-three compounds known to play a major role in halitosis-has been measured and the results indicate that the threshold limits are compatible with halitosis detection. An experiment with real and artificial samples indicates the possibility of identifying halitosis-affected individuals and of discriminating them according to breath composition.