gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ileal amino acid digestibilities by pigs fed soybean meals from five major soybean-producing countries (2004)

Growing conditions and processing technologies to which soybeans (SB) are exposed have an effect on digestibilities of AA found in the resultant soybean meals (SBM). This study evaluated SBM from five major SB-producing countries (Argentina, Brazil, China, India, and the United States). An industry representative in each country collected samples of unprocessed SB and SBM subjectively determined to be of high, intermediate, or low quality. The SB from each country were processed into SBM under uniform conditions in the United States. Five experiments (each examining the three SBM and the SB processed in the United States from a single country) were conducted to determine true ileal AAd digestibilities. In addition, a standard SBM purchased on the open market in the United States was used in all experiments as a control. Data from pigs fed a low-protein casein diet in each study were used to calculate true AA digestibilities. Pigs were fitted with simple T-cannulas at the terminal ileum and allotted to treatments in Latin square design experiments. Duplicate experiments were conducted at the University of Illinois and at The Ohio State University. Within each country comparison, pigs fed the SBM processed in the U.S. from SB grown in the five countries had lower (P < 0.05) true total amino acid (TAA) digestibilities than did pigs fed any of the SBM prepared within the country of origin, except the United States. This indicates that processing conditions used at the U.S. pilot plant were not ideal when using SB from other countries. True TAA digestibilities of the diets containing the high-, intermediate-, and low-quality SBM did not differ, except for China, where the low-quality SBM (83.5%) had a lower (P < 0.05) digestibility than the intermediate- (89.6%) or high- (89.0%) quality meals. Soybean meal produced in Argentina (average, 87%) and Brazil (average, 82%) had lower (P < 0.05) true TAA digestibilities than did the standard SBM (91%), indicating that the processing plants in those countries may produce a less digestible SBM than that available on the open market in the United States.
Charge transport dynamics of a C6H4NH2CuBr2I/TiO2 heterojunction in aqueous solution under reverse bias (2022)

The photocurrent output of the C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>NH<sub>2</sub>CuBr<sub>2</sub>I/TiO<sub>2</sub> heterojunction photoelectrode in an aqueous solution is super stable even after 30 000 s. However, the photocurrent is extremely weak. Intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy revealed that the electron transfer in the C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>NH<sub>2</sub>CuBr<sub>2</sub>I/TiO<sub>2</sub> photoelectrode without bias is not sufficiently fast to compete with the charge recombination process due to the short diffusion length (∼23 nm), resulting in a low photocurrent. The charge separation and charge transfer efficiency in the bulk of C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>NH<sub>2</sub>CuBr<sub>2</sub>I could be significantly improved under a small reverse electric field (<i>E</i><sub>r</sub>), resulting in an enhanced photocurrent.
MOLECULAR BASIS OF BIOFILM DEVELOPMENT BY PSEUDOMONADS (2004)

Many of the tools for studying biofilms were developed in pseudomonads and, as such, these organisms have become a key model system for biofilm development by gram-negative bacteria. This chapter discusses what is known about biofilm development in pseudomonads and present working models of biofilm formation by these organisms. Cells are released from mature biofilms and reenter the planktonic state, making biofilm development a cyclic pathway in pseudomonads. Inorganic phosphate may be a key environmental factor required for biofilm formation by pseudomonads. Pseudomonas fluorescens and P. putida mutants lacking flagella have colonization defects on biotic surfaces, such as plant seeds and roots, and abiotic surfaces, such as sand, soil, plastic, and silicone. In P. aeruginosa, a complex between the virulence factor regulator (Vfr) and cAMP will form under glucose-limiting conditions. The study of the mechanisms of biofilm maintenance will likely be a fruitful area of investigation in the coming years. The chapter reviews what little is known about maintaining mature biofilm structure. A biofilm acts as reservoir for bacterial expansion in which successful colonization in one location subsequently permits surface exploration of numerous regions. The chapter discusses what is known about the biology of bacterial detachment. Insight into the biology of detachment will be a useful tool in the design of therapeutic agents for the fight against biofilm-based infections and for the disinfection of surfaces found in clinical and industrial settings.
Arginine analogues incorporating carboxylate bioisosteric functions are micromolar inhibitors of human recombinant DDAH-1 (2015)

Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) is a key enzyme involved in the metabolism of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and N-monomethyl arginine (NMMA), which are endogenous inhibitors of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) family of enzymes. Two isoforms of DDAH have been identified in humans, DDAH-1 and DDAH-2. DDAH-1 inhibition represents a promising strategy to limit the overproduction of NO in pathological states without affecting the homeostatic role of this important messenger molecule. Here we describe the design and synthesis of 12 novel DDAH-1 inhibitors and report their derived kinetic parameters, IC50 and Ki. Arginine analogue 10a, characterized by an acylsulfonamide isosteric replacement of the carboxylate, showed a 13-fold greater inhibitory potential relative to the known DDAH-1 inhibitor, L-257. Compound 10a was utilized to study the putative binding interactions of human DDAH-1 inhibition using molecular dynamics simulations. The latter suggests that several stabilizing interactions occur in the DDAH-1 active-site, providing structural insights for the enhanced inhibitory potential demonstrated by in vitro inhibition studies.
A Strong Authentication Method for Web/Mobile Services (2019)

This paper presents an original and strong authentication method for cloud services from smartphones. It is based on a two-factor scheme improved by the diversity of devices and network channels. It combines an OTP -based approach using an IoT object as a secondary device. Authentication factors are transmitted over different channels implementing distinct protocol stacks (LTE , LPWAN , ...). The proposal uses end-to-end encryption for the transfer of sensitive data. An experimental application of the method is illustrated by analyzing authorization access issues to cloud services located in a trusted zone. A platform developed to test the approach is briefly presented.
Fluorescence Spectroscopy for Rapid Detection and Classification of Bacterial Pathogens (2009)

This study deals with the rapid detection and differentiation of Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Campylobacter, which are the most commonly identified commensal and pathogenic bacteria in foods, using fluorescence spectroscopy and multivariate analysis. Each bacterial sample cultured under controlled conditions was diluted in physiologic saline for analysis. Fluorescence spectra were collected over a range of 200-700 nm with 0.5 nm intervals on the PerkinElmer Fluorescence Spectrometer. The synchronous scan technique was employed to find the optimum excitation (lambda(ex)) and emission (lambda(em)) wavelengths for individual bacteria with the wavelength interval (Deltalambda) being varied from 10 to 200 nm. The synchronous spectra and two-dimensional plots showed two maximum lambda(ex) values at 225 nm and 280 nm and one maximum lambda(em) at 335-345 nm (lambda(em) = lambda(ex) + Deltalambda), which correspond to the lambda(ex) = 225 nm, Deltalambda = 110-120 nm, and lambda(ex) = 280 nm, Deltalambda = 60-65 nm. For all three bacterial genera, the same synchronous scan results were obtained. The emission spectra from the three bacteria groups were very similar, creating difficulty in classification. However, the application of principal component analysis (PCA) to the fluorescence spectra resulted in successful classification of the bacteria by their genus as well as determining their concentration. The detection limit was approximately 10(3)-10(4) cells/mL for each bacterial sample. These results demonstrated that fluorescence spectroscopy, when coupled with PCA processing, has the potential to detect and to classify bacterial pathogens in liquids. The methodology is rapid (>10 min), inexpensive, and requires minimal sample preparation compared to standard analytical methods for bacterial detection.
An optical bidirectional self-healing ring with increased capacity using WDM (1996)

A novel optical bidirectional self-healing ring architecture is presented. It uses WDM to protect an SDH ring, allowing to fully exploit the bandwidth available in the STM-N signals and resulting in doubling the ring capacity.
SU‐F‐BRD‐01: A Novel 4D Robust Optimization Mitigates Interplay Effect in Intensity‐Modulated Proton Therapy for Lung Cancer (2015)

Purpose: To compare the impact of interplay effect on 3D and 4D robustly optimized intensity‐modulated proton therapy (IMPT) plans to treat lung cancer. Methods: Two IMPT plans were created for 11 non‐small‐cell‐lung‐cancer cases with 6–14 mm spots. 3D robust optimization generated plans on average CTs with the internal gross tumor volume density overridden to deliver 66 CGyE in 33 fractions to the internal target volume (ITV). 4D robust optimization generated plans on 4D CTs with the delivery of prescribed dose to the clinical target volume (CTV). In 4D optimization, the CTV of individual 4D CT phases received non‐uniform doses to achieve a uniform cumulative dose. Dose evaluation software was developed to model time‐dependent spot delivery to incorporate interplay effect with randomized starting phases of each field per fraction. Patient anatomy voxels were mapped from phase to phase via deformable image registration to score doses. Indices from dose‐volume histograms were used to compare target coverage, dose homogeneity, and normal‐tissue sparing. DVH indices were compared using Wilcoxon test. Results: Given the presence of interplay effect, 4D robust optimization produced IMPT plans with better target coverage and homogeneity, but slightly worse normal tissue sparing compared to 3D robust optimization (unit: Gy) [D95% ITV: 63.5 vs 62.0 (p=0.014), D5% ‐ D95% ITV: 6.2 vs 7.3 (p=0.37), D1% spinal cord: 29.0 vs 29.5 (p=0.52), Dmean total lung: 14.8 vs 14.5 (p=0.12), D33% esophagus: 33.6 vs 33.1 (p=0.28)]. The improvement of target coverage (D95%,4D – D95%,3D) was related to the ratio RMA3/(TVx10−4), with RMA and TV being respiratory motion amplitude (RMA) and tumor volume (TV), respectively. Peak benefit was observed at ratios between 2 and 10. This corresponds to 125 – 625 cm3 TV with 0.5‐cm RMA. Conclusion: 4D optimization produced more interplay‐effect‐resistant plans compared to 3D optimization. It is most effective when respiratory motion is modest compared to TV. NIH/NCI K25CA168984; Eagles Cancer Research Career Development; The Lawrence W. and Marilyn W. Matteson Fund for Cancer Research; Mayo ASU Seed Grant; The Kemper Marley Foundation
Tactile friction of topical creams and emulsions: Friction measurements on excised skin and VitroSkin® using ForceBoard™ (2022)

Tactile perception can be investigated through ex vivo friction measurements using a so-called ForceBoard™, providing objective assessments and savings in time and money, compared to a subjective human panel. In this work we aim to compare excised skin versus VitroSkin® as model substrates for tactile friction measurements. A further aim is to detect possible differences between traditional surfactant-based creams, and a particle-stabilized (Pickering) cream and investigate how the different substrates affect the results obtained. It was found that the difference in tactile friction between excised skin and VitroSkin® was small on untreated substrates. When topical creams were applied, the same trends were observed for both substrates, although the frictional variation over time relates to the difference in surface structure between the two substrates. The results also confirmed that there is a difference between starch-based Pickering formulations and surfactant-based creams after application, indicating that the latter is greasier than Pickering cream. It was also shown that the tactile friction of Pickering emulsions was consistently high even with high amounts of oil, indicating a non-greasy, and non-sticky formulation. The characteristics of starch-stabilized Pickering formulations make them promising candidates in the development of surfactant-free topical formulations with unique tactile properties.
Katharsis of the skin: peeling applications and agents of chemical peelings in Greek medical textbooks of Graeco‐Roman antiquity (2018)

Greek medical textbooks of Graeco-Roman antiquity report several peeling applications such as cleansing, brightening, darkening, softening and aesthetical improvement of the skin by use of peeling and chemical peeling, as well as therapy of dermatological diseases. There are 27 ancient agents for what is contemporarily called peeling and chemical peeling. We discovered more specific agents than hitherto known to research.
THER-08. SGT53 – A NOVEL p53 NANOMEDICINE INDUCES SIGNIFICANT RESPONSES IN CHILDREN WITH RECURRENT MEDULLOBLASTOMA AND CHOROID PLEXUS CARCINOMA: A REPORT OF TWO CASES (2020)

Abstract BACKGROUND Abnormal p53 function commonly defines high-risk CNS tumors, but functional restoration has eluded investigators. SGT-53 is a targeted nanomedicine encapsulating a plasmid DNA encoding wild-type human p53 with a transferrin receptor-targeting scFv on the nanocomplex surface resulting in efficient delivery across the BBB and robust tumor binding/uptake. Data generated by collaborators demonstrated synergy with irradiation and chemotherapy. REPORT: Two children with recurrent CNS malignancies have been treated with SGT-53, each receiving greater than 50 infusions in combination with irradiation and chemotherapy with no grade 3/4 AEs positively attributed to SGT-53. The first was an 11yo male with recurrent disseminated p53+ SHH medulloblastoma, with bulky intracranial/thoracolumbar disease. He received irradiation followed by biweekly doses of SGT-53 and temozolomide, bevacizumab and irinotecan given one week out of four. This patient exhibited a complete response of all disease on his first follow-up scan 8 weeks after therapy initiation and remained in remission for 8 months. The second patient was a 3yo male with disseminated recurrent choroid plexus carcinoma. He received CSI with SGT-53, followed by SGT-53, temozolomide and irinotecan as described above, again with no related grade 3/4 AEs. He experienced a partial response to all sites of disease and completed therapy after six months, progressing 7.8 months after initiating treatment. CONCLUSIONS SGT-53 was well tolerated in two heavily-pretreated patients despite aggressive combinatorial strategies. The majority of the AEs experienced were mild and manageable. Each patient had significant responses, suggesting that SGT-53 should be evaluated in a clinical trial for similar patients.
The Genetic Basis of High Resistance to Rice Yellow Mottle Virus (RYMV) in Cultivars of Two Cultivated Rice Species (1999)

Three cultivars of Oryza sativa (IR64, Azucena, and Gigante) and four cultivars of O. glaberrima (Tog5681, Tog5673, CG14, and SG329) were evaluated for their resistance to two isolates of rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and symptomatology. Cultivars Tog5681 and Gigante were highly resistant, and no symptoms were observed when either virus isolate was inoculated at 10 or 20 days postgermination and assayed by ELISA at 7, 14, 22, 35, 50, or 64 days postinoculation. Azucena showed a partial resistance, whereas the other cultivars were susceptible. Symptom appearance was associated with increase in ELISA absorbance in the systemically infected leaves. The best discrimination among the cultivars occurred when the plants were inoculated at 10 days postgermination. Crosses were made between the highly resistant (Gigante and Tog5681) and the susceptible (IR64) cultivars to determine the genetic basis of resistance to RYMV. Evaluation of F1 hybrids and interspecific progenies, as well as the segregation of resistance in F2 and F3 lines of the IR64 × Gigante cross, provided results consistent with the presence of a single recessive resistance gene common to Tog5681 and Gigante.
Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory Effects of Fucoidan Derived from Cladosiphon Okamuranus Tokida in Mice (2019)

Okinawa mozuku (<i>Cladosiphon okamuranus</i> Tokida) is an edible seaweed classified as brown algae and is a native species of the Ryukyu Islands in Japan. In recent years, the genomic decoding of Okinawa mozuku has been completed. Previous studies on the anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antitumor properties of Okinawa mozuku have suggested that it affects the regulation of cellular and humoral immunity. The aim of the present study was to examine the immunoregulatory effect of fucoidan derived from Okinawa mozuku in mice. A product containing fucoidan (purity, 88.3%; molecular weight, 49.8 kDa) was developed from Okinawa mozuku and tested for its immunoregulatory effects in mice. The experimental animals were 8-week-old female BALB/c mice to which fucoidan (0, 102.5, 205.0, 410.0, and 1025.0 mg/kg) was administered orally continuously for six weeks. Immune cell proliferation, cytokine production, macrophage phagocytosis, and serum antibody concentration were measured. We found that immune cell proliferation, interleukin (IL)-2, macrophage phagocytes, and serum antibodies (IgM, -G, -A) increased significantly, but IL-4, -5, and IgE decreased significantly. These results indicated that fucoidan modulated cellular and humoral immunity.
Transition metal catalysed borylation of C-H bonds (2006)

Chapter one provides a general review of the metal catalysed diboration of alkynes, 1,2- and 1,3-dienes, a,ß-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, and alkenes, as well as the metal catalysed borylation of alkane and arene C-H bonds. Chapter two is divided into two main sections. The first section introduces a high yield, highly selective catalytic synthesis of vinylboronate esters VBEs, including 1,1-disubstituted VBEs, from alkenes without significant hydrogenation or hydroboration, using the catalyst precursor, trans- [RҺС1(СО)(РРhз)2], and the diboron reagents В2РІП2, В2ПЄОР2 and HBpin. The second section addresses the synthesis of VBEs via microwave-assisted catalysis and these results are compared with those from the conventional, thermal reactions. Chapter three investigates regioselectivity in the synthesis of pyridinyl and bipyridinyl botónate esters via C-H activation using the catalyst precursor, [Іг(СОВ)(ц-ОМе)]2, and 4,4'-'Bu2-2,2'-bipyridine as the ligand. Several the pyridinyl and bipyridinyl boronate esters were coupled with aryl halides by Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions in one pot. Examples include msiture-sensitve heteroaryl 2-boronate esters. Chapter four shows the utility of the transition metal catalysed borylation of C-H bonds in the synthesis of biologically active retinoic acid analogs.
Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Type 2 Caused by Mitofusin 2 Mutations (2009)

MFN2 mutations are a frequent cause of CMT2, with variable severity and either dominant or recessive inheritance. MFN2 gene testing must be a first-line analysis in axonal HMSN irrespective of the mode of inheritance or the severity of the peripheral neuropathy.
Prognostic marker discordance between breast and axilla in patients with early breast cancer. (2015)

e11618 Background: Adjuvant systemic treatment of breast cancer is primarily determined by tumor prognostic markers (ER, PR, HER2) obtained on primary breast cancer. Several studies have shown a discordance of prognostic biomarker status between primary breast cancer and axillary lymph nodes. It is not known whether such discordance is clinically meaningful. The purpose of this study is to determine if testing of prognostic markers on axillary nodes at the time of diagnosis will impact adjuvant therapy recommendations. Methods: Retrospective analysis of prospectively obtained prognostic biomarkers was performed. Pathology reports of 482 patients with non-metastatic primary breast cancer were obtained between August 2007 and August 2014. Subjects with prognostic markers available for both primary breast cancer and ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes were identified. Patients were excluded if ER and PR (by IHC) and HER2 (by IHC and/or FISH) were not available for both primary breast tissue and axillary nodes. Results: A total of214 patients who had all three prognostic markers available for both primary tumor and axillary lymph nodes were included in this analysis. 85% had invasive ductal carcinoma. 50% had grade 2 and 43% had grade 3 cancer. 80% of patients had ER/PR+ disease, 20% were HER2+ and 15% were triple negative. Discordance was identified in at least one of the markers (ER, PR, or HER2) between breast and axillary lymph nodes in 29 (13.6%) patients. One (0.5%) patient was ER/PR+ in breast and ER/PR- in the lymph node. One (0.5%) patient was ER/PR- in breast and ER/PR+ in the lymph node. HER2+ disease in breast and HER2- disease in axilla was identified in 8 (3.7%) patients. Only 2 (0.9%) patients had HER2- disease in the breast and HER2+ disease in the axilla, resulting in addition of trastuzumab to adjuvant chemotherapy. Markers in axilla resulted in change in adjuvant therapy recommendations in only 2 (0.9%) patients. Conclusions: Prognostic marker discordance between primary breast cancer and synchronous lymph nodes is common. However, such discordance rarely results in a change in adjuvant therapy recommendations. Therefore, prognostic marker assessment of ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes is not clinically warranted.
Bias Correction and Doppler Measurement for Polarimetric Phased-Array Radar (2010)

This paper discusses ways to avoid and/or mitigate biases in polarimetric variables inherent to agile-beam planar phased-array radars. Two bias-avoiding schemes produce unbiased estimates of the polarimetric backscattering covariance matrix which are then combined into bias-free polarimetric variables. One concerns full polarimetric measurements and calls for adjusting the amplitudes and phases of the array elements so that the transmitted field equals that generated by a mechanically steered polarimetric weather radar antenna; this is followed by an additional adjustment of the received fields. The second scheme is also applicable to full polarimetric measurements but involves adjustments only of the received fields. Crucial to both schemes is decoupling of the Doppler effects from the terms of the covariance matrix. It is a significant part of the bias issue that had not been previously addressed. A scheme to reduce bias applicable to nondepolarizing media (i.e., diagonal backscattering matrix) is also addressed; it calls for multiplication of the fields received by each dipole as opposed to a combination of multiplication and addition required for full correction. The schemes are applied to the alternate transmission and simultaneous reception polarimetric mode and the simultaneous transmission and simultaneous reception mode.
ChemInform Abstract: Utility of 4‐(5,5‐Dimethyl‐3‐oxo‐cyclohex‐1‐enylamino)benzenesulfonamide in the Synthesis of Novel Quinolines as Possible Anticancer and Radioprotective Agents. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.