gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The CDK4/6 Inhibitor Abemaciclib Induces a T Cell Inflamed Tumor Microenvironment and Enhances the Efficacy of PD-L1 Checkpoint Blockade (2018)

Abemaciclib, an inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6), has recently been approved for the treatment of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. In this study, we use murine syngeneic tumor models and in vitro assays to investigate the impact of abemaciclib on T cells, the tumor immune microenvironment and the ability to combine with anti-PD-L1 blockade. Abemaciclib monotherapy resulted in tumor growth delay that was associated with an increased T cell inflammatory signature in tumors. Combination with anti-PD-L1 therapy led to complete tumor regressions and immunological memory, accompanied by enhanced antigen presentation, a T cell inflamed phenotype, and enhanced cell cycle control. In vitro, treatment with abemaciclib resulted in increased activation of human T cells and upregulated expression of antigen presentation genes in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. These data collectively support the clinical investigation of the combination of abemaciclib with agents such as anti-PD-L1 that modulate T cell anti-tumor immunity.
The Evolving Activity Of The Dynamically Young Comet C/2009 P1 (Garradd) (2016)

We used the Ultraviolet-Optical Telescope on board Swift to observe the dynamically young comet C/2009 P1 (Garradd) from a heliocentric distance of 3.5 AU pre-perihelion until 4.0 AU outbound. At 3.5 AU pre-perihelion, comet Garradd had one of the highest dust-to-gas ratios ever observed, matched only by comet Hale-Bopp. The evolving morphology of the dust in its coma suggests an outburst that ended around 2.2 AU pre-perihelion. Comparing slit-based measurements and observations acquired with larger fields of view indicated that between 3 AU and 2 AU pre-perihelion a significant extended source started producing water in the coma. We demonstrate that this source, which could be due to icy grains, disappeared quickly around perihelion. Water production by the nucleus may be attributed to a constantly active source of at least 75 km(2), estimated to be &gt; 20% of the surface. Based on our measurements, the comet lost 4 x 10(11) kg of ice and dust during this apparition, corresponding to at most a few meters of its surface. Even though this was likely not the comet's first passage through the inner solar system, the activity of Garradd was complex and changed significantly during the time it was observed.
Rowhammering Storage Devices (2021)

Peripheral devices like SSDs are growing more complex, to the point they are effectively small computers themselves. Our position is that this trend creates a new kind of attack vector, where untrusted software could use peripherals strictly as intended to accomplish unintended goals. To exemplify, we set out to rowhammer the DRAM component of a simplified host-side FTL, issuing regular I/O requests that manage to flip bits in a way that triggers sensitive information leakage. We conclude that such attacks might soon be feasible, and we argue that systems need principled approaches for securing peripherals against them.
Superhydrophobic modification of cellulose and cotton textiles: Methodologies and applications (2020)

Superhydrophobic cellulose-based products have immense potential in many industries where plastics and other polymers with hydrophobic properties are used. Superhydrophobic cellulose-based plastic is inherently biodegradable, renewable and non-toxic. Finding a suitable replacement of plastics is highly desired since plastics has become an environmental concern. Despite its inherent hydrophilicity, cellulose has unparalleled advantages as a substrate for the production of superhydrophobic materials which has been widely used in self-cleaning, self-healing, oil and water separation, electromagnetic interference shielding, etc. This review includes a comprehensive survey of the progress achieved so far in the production of super-hydrophobic materials based on cellulose and fiber networks. The methodologies and applications of superhydrophobic-modified cellulose and fiber networks are emphasized. Overall, presented herein is targeting on summarizing some of the aspects that are critical to advance this evolving field of science which may provide new ideas for the developing and exploring of superhydrophobic and green-based materials.
Design and Synthesis of Selective Mesoporous Anion Traps (1999)

Arsenic contamination of groundwater has recently commanded widespread public attention. Under many conditions, arsenic, and certain other environmentally relevant toxic metals such as chromium, exist in nature as oxyanions. Selective binding of anions is one of the most challenging problems in chemistry, biology, and materials and environmental science. In this paper we report the synthesis and use of metal-chelated ligands immobilized on mesoporous silica as novel anion binding materials. Nearly complete removal of arsenate and chromate has been achieved in the presence of competing anions for solutions containing more than 100 mg/L (ppm) toxic metal anions under a variety of conditions. Anion loading of more than 120 mg (anion)/g of adsorption materials is observed. A binding mechanism is also proposed on the basis of computer modeling. First, Cu(II) ions are bonded to ethylenediamine (EDA) ligands to form octahedral complexes on the surface of the mesoporous silica. This gives rise to positively charged hosts with 3-fold symmetry that match the geometry of tetrahedral anions. The anion binding involves initial electrosteric coordination, followed by displacement of one ligand and direct binding with the Cu(II) center.
Suppression of stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical fibers using a linearly chirped diode laser (2012)

The output of high power fiber amplifiers is typically limited by stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS). An analysis of SBS with a chirped pump laser indicates that a chirp of 2.5 × 10(15) Hz/s could raise, by an order of magnitude, the SBS threshold of a 20-m fiber. A diode laser with a constant output power and a linear chirp of 5 × 10(15) Hz/s has been previously demonstrated. In a low-power proof-of-concept experiment, the threshold for SBS in a 6-km fiber is increased by a factor of 100 with a chirp of 5 × 10(14) Hz/s. A linear chirp will enable straightforward coherent combination of multiple fiber amplifiers, with electronic compensation of path length differences on the order of 0.2 m.
Berberine Analogues: Progress towards Versatile Applications (2015)

The promising activities shown by analogues of natural product berberine in numerous categories such as anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-alzheimer's disease and anti-microbials, have made it an indispensable structure for development of new therapeutic agents.The compounds bearing various substituents on the berberine skeleton have exhibited a wide spectrum of biological activities.Short reviews on biological importance of this core structure have been showcased in literature.However, systematic review on the research advances of structure-activity relationship of berberine and its analogues seems lacking.In the present review, various analogues of berberine with different pharmacological activities were summarized and their SAR were discussed as well.The current review would provide useful information for further studies on structural modifications on berberine for discovering new drug leads.CONTENTS 3-2.Anti-Alzheimer's disease 3-3.Anti-cancer activity 3-4.Anti-microbial activity 3-4-1.Antiviral activity 3-4-2.Antifungal activity 3-4-3.Antibacterial activity 3-4-4.Antitubercular activity 3-5.Binding with DNA 3-5-1.G-quadruplex binding ligands 3-5-2.Binding activities toward DNA 3-6.Antiparasitic activity 3-7.Anticoagulant activity 3-8.Anti-inflammatory activity 3-9.Antiprotozoal activity 3-10.Low-density-lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) up-regulators 4. Conclusion
High Performance Computing for a Financial Application Using Fast Fourier Transform (2014)

Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) has been used in many scientific and engineering applications. In the current study, we have applied the FFT for a novel application in finance. We have improved a mathematical model of Fourier transform technique for pricing financial derivatives to help design an effective parallel algorithm. We have then developed a new parallel algorithm for FFT using a swapping technique that exploits data locality. We have analyzed our algorithm theoretically and have reported the significance of the new algorithm. We have implemented our algorithm on 20 node SunFire 6800 high performance computing system and compared the new algorithm with the traditional Cooley-Tukey algorithm both as stand alone comparison of the performance and in relation to our theoretical analysis and showed higher efficiency of our algorithm. We have presented the computed option values for various strike prices with a proper selection of strike-price spacing to ensure fine-grid integration for FFT computation as well as to maximize the number of strikes lying in the desired region of the asset price.
Direct proteasome binding and subsequent degradation of unspliced XBP‐1 prevent its intracellular aggregation (2009)

The non-canonical splicing of XBP-1 mRNA is a hallmark of the mammalian unfolded protein response (UPR). The proteasomal degradation of unspliced XBP-1 (XBP-1u) facilitates the termination of the UPR. Thus, understanding the mechanism of XBP-1u degradation may allow control over UPR duration and intensity. We show that XBP-1u interacts with purified 20S proteasomes through its unstructured C-terminus, which leads to its degradation in a manner that autonomously opens the proteasome gate. In living cells, the C-terminus of XBP-1u accumulates in aggresome structures in the presence of proteasome inhibitors. We propose that direct proteasomal degradation of XBP-1u prevents its intracellular aggregation.
Management Issues with Cloud Computing (2013)

Cloud computing is becoming popular and many organizations are considering the adoption of cloud computing because of its promise of convenient, on demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources such as networks, servers, storage, applications, and services that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction [22]. Although Cloud computing has many benefits and has the ability to increase an organizations return on investment, there are many issues such as ethical issues, security issues, data lock-in, lack of standardization, customization, technology bottlenecks, strategy issues etc. which are preventing managements of organizations from adopting cloud computing. As a result of this, it is important for managements of these organizations to be aware of the issues with cloud computing that could affect their implementation success. In order to identify the issues and propose ways to resolve these issues, this paper discusses the different management issues with cloud computing that have been identified by literature and suggests possible ways to resolve them. This paper also suggests that proper investigation into these issues and how to resolve them will increase management's confidence in cloud computing and ensure successful adoption and implementation of cloud computing.
Ultra-Stable oligonucleotide-gold and -silver nanoparticle conjugates prepared by a facile silica reinforcement method (2012)

We report a simple method of enhancing the chemical stability of monothiol-modified oligonucleotide-gold and -silver nanoparticle conjugates by a thin silica reinforcement coating. Conventional conjugates prepared by chemisorption of monothiol-modified oligonucleotides onto nanoparticle surfaces undergo rapid aggregation in the presence of thiol-containing small molecules (e.g., dithiothreitol) due to ligand exchange reactions. When the conjugates are treated with (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane, a thin silica layer is formed on the nanoparticle surface, thereby entrapping and reinforcing the thiol-gold/-silver linkage. These silica-modified oligonucleotide-gold and -silver nanoparticle conjugates become much more stable toward dithiothreitol as compared to the unmodified conjugates. Moreover, the silica layer significantly hinders the gold/silver core from oxidative dissolution by sodium cyanide. Importantly, the unique hybridization-induced color change property of the oligonucleotide-gold and -silver nanoparticle conjugates is preserved even under harsh condition (i.e., high concentrations of dithiothreitol). Taken together, these ultra-stable oligonucleotide-nanoparticle conjugates hold promise for new diagnostics and therapeutics.
Real-world use of enzalutamide in men with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in Japan (2021)

This is the first study to demonstrate the real-world effectiveness and safety of enzalutamide in men with nmCRPC in Japan, further informing healthcare providers about available treatment options for this patient population.
Towards extremely fast context switching in a block-multithreaded processor (2002)

Multithreaded processors use a fast context switch to bridge latencies caused by memory accesses or by synchronization operations. In the block-multithreaded processor-called Rhamma-load/store, synchronization and execution operations of different threads of control are executed simultaneously by appropriate functional units. A fast context switch is performed, whenever a functional unit comes across an operation destined for another unit. Switching contexts on each load/store instruction sequence allows a much faster context switch in the execution unit than previously published designs do. The results show the potential of multithreading to spare expensive off-chip cache in a workstation environment. The load/store unit proves as the principal bottleneck. In particular the memory cycle time is performance critical. We show that multithreaded processors profit more than conventional RISC processors by a shorter memory cycle time.
Research on the relationships of Lp-PLA2 and Hcy levels with atherosclerotic cardio-cerebrovascular disease (2015)

Objective To investigate the relationships of plasma lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2(LpPLA2) and homocysteine(Hcy) with atherosclerotic cardio-cerebrovascular disease. Methods A total of 198 patients with atherosclerotic cardio-cerebrovascular disease were classified into the group with traditional risk factors and the group without traditional risk factors. A total of 58 healthy subjects were enrolled as healthy control group. The plasma concentration of Lp-PLA2 was detected by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and Hcy level was detected by enzymatic cycling method. Results Compared with healthy control group,Lp-PLA2 and Hcy levels increased significantly in both groups with and without traditional risk factors(q = 44. 236,P = 0. 000; q =11. 403,P = 0. 000; q = 50. 025,P = 0. 000; q = 15. 777,P = 0. 000). No statistical significance was found between groups with and without traditional risk factors for Lp-PLA2 and Hcy levels(q = 2. 299,P = 0. 083; q = 2. 586,P =0. 069). Lp-PLA2 and Hcy levels in groups with and without traditional risk factors had no correlation(r = 0. 069,P =0. 375; r = 0. 053,P = 0. 566). Balanced other risk factors,Lp-PLA2 and Hcy levels were independently correlated with coronary heart disease(OR = 1. 917,P = 0. 005; OR = 1. 883,P = 0. 013). Higher positive rate can be got by LpPLA2 and Hcy combined detection than the individual detections in both groups with and without traditional risk factors(χ2= 8. 124,P = 0. 004; χ2= 3. 933,P = 0. 045). Conclusions Plasma Lp-PLA2 and Hcy levels can be used in risk assessment of atherosclerotic disease,and the combined detection has some predictive significance for atherosclerotic cardio-cerebrovascular disease.
6Li Magic-Angle Spinning (MAS) NMR Study of Electron Correlations, Magnetic Ordering, and Stability of Lithium Manganese(III) Oxides (2000)

Three different lithium manganese(III) oxides (the orthorhombic LiMnO2 phase, monoclinic layered LiMnO2 and tetragonal Li2Mn2O4) were studied with 6Li magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy. Much smaller shifts of 36−143 ppm are observed for the Mn(III) phases, in comparison to the other lithium manganese oxides with manganese oxidation states varying from +3.5 to +4. The NMR shift of this system is governed by the Fermi-contact interaction and consequently, is controlled by the lithium local environment. For orthorhombic LiMnO2, one resonance at 36 ppm is observed between −39 and 283 °C and a single resonance at −5 ppm is seen below −39 °C, indicating a magnetic phase transition involving a change from short-range electronic correlations to long-range antiferromagnetic ordering. The 6Li NMR shift of the resonances of the monoclinic and tetragonal phases show very little change with temperature in the range studied (−136 to 283 °C), implying that short-range antiferromagnetic interactions between Mn cations also exist for these phases. No evidence for a magnetic phase transition to three-dimensional ordering, however, is observed. Two different lithium sites are identified in Li2Mn2O4, which are assigned to lithium on the 8c octahedral and 4a tetrahedral sites. Samples with lithium on the 8c site only are obtained using mild synthesis conditions, whereas occupation of both sites is obtained with more stringent conditions or at high temperatures.
Effects of Microwave Exposure in utero on Embryonal, Fetal and Postnatal Development of Mice (1983)

Pregnant Swiss mice were repetitively exposed during various periods of gestation to 2,450 MHz continuous wave microwave radiation. Irradiations were conducted daily in an anechoic chamber at a power density of 10 (subthermal) or 40 mW/cm2 (thermal) for 2 h/day, 7 sessions/week. Thermal exposures to microwaves resulted in significant inhibition of the embryonal and fetal development in utero, accompanied by an increased incidence of intrafetal bleedings, resorptions and deaths of fetuses. Moreover, nonspecific resistance to viral and bacterial infections was markedly depressed in pups of dams irradiated for the whole period of gestation with thermal doses of microwaves. No such effects were found following exposure of pregnant mice to 10 mW/cm2 power density of radiation. The results suggest that the observed effects of microwave exposure in the course of pregnancy are thermal in nature.
Comparison of a one-dimensional particle-in-cell–Monte Carlo model and a one-dimensional fluid model for a CH4/H2 capacitively coupled radio frequency discharge (2002)

A one-dimensional particle-in-cell–Monte Carlo (PIC–MC) model was developed for a capacitively coupled rf discharge in a mixture of CH4 and H2. The electron behavior is kinetically simulated by solving Newton’s equations and treating the electron collisions with the Monte Carlo algorithm, whereas the behavior of the ions and radicals is treated by a set of continuity equations. The distinctive feature of this model is its self-consistency, i.e., the motion of the electrons is considered in the real electric field calculated from the Poisson equation, and not in the time-averaged electric field. The PIC–MC results were compared with the data calculated by means of a pure fluid model. In both models, exactly the same type of species, reactions, and cross sections are used. The results of both models, such as the electron energy distribution function, the average electron energy, and the densities of the various plasma species, are compared at a gas pressure of 0.14 Torr and a discharge frequency of 13.56 MHz, for the power ranging from 0.5 to 25 W. The nonstationary and nonlocal features of the electron energy distribution function are shown in the PIC–MC calculations. The effect of accumulation of low-energy electrons in the center of the discharge at higher input power P=25 W is observed in the PIC–MC model, in contrast with the fluid model. The mechanisms causing the accumulation of low-energy electrons, and the processes defining the stationary state of the discharge are analyzed. The applicability of the fluid model for the calculation of the density of different hydrocarbon radicals is discussed.
CHARM++ (1993)

article Free Access Share on CHARM++: a portable concurrent object oriented system based on C++ Authors: Laxmikant V. Kale View Profile , Sanjeev Krishnan View Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGPLAN NoticesVolume 28Issue 10Oct. 1, 1993 pp 91–108https://doi.org/10.1145/167962.165874Published:01 October 1993Publication History 517citation1,803DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations517Total Downloads1,803Last 12 Months217Last 6 weeks24 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Transverse Gradient Electrophoresis: Protein Homogeneity Test and Subfractionation Technique (1966)

Electrophoresis of protein (including enzyme) was conducted in a gel medium across which, transverse to the direction of protein migration, a continuous p H gradient extends. Any splitting of a resultant trace for the change of protein mobility with p H suggests both protein heterogeneity and the p H conditions under which further purification and subfractionation may best be pursued.
A SINGLE POLE TYPE THIN FILM HEAD WITH A NARROWER GAP LENGTH (1989)

The read-write characteristics of single pole type heads with a one-sided core, which have various kinds of gap lengths between the return path core and the main pole, were measured after recorded on a double-layered flexible media. The reduction in the gap length was a very effective way to improve the recording and reproducing efficiencies. However, the reproduced voltage at a high linear density depended greatly on the coercive force of the media.
Convolutional Neural Networks for Diabetic Retinopathy (2016)

The diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) through colour fundus images requires experienced clinicians to identify the presence and significance of many small features which, along with a complex grading system, makes this a difficult and time consuming task. In this paper, we propose a CNN approach to diagnosing DR from digital fundus images and accurately classifying its severity. We develop a network with CNN architecture and data augmentation which can identify the intricate features involved in the classification task such as micro-aneurysms, exudate and haemorrhages on the retina and consequently provide a diagnosis automatically and without user input. We train this network using a high-end graphics processor unit (GPU) on the publicly available Kaggle dataset and demonstrate impressive results, particularly for a high-level classification task. On the data set of 80,000 images used our proposed CNN achieves a sensitivity of 95% and an accuracy of 75% on 5,000 validation images.