gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Isolation of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus and Bovine Herpesvirus- from Cattle in Egypt (1990)

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) virus (LSDV) was isolated for the first time from cattle in Egypt in 2 disease outbreaks. Bovine herpesvirus-4 (BHV-4) and LSDV were detected in a pooled sample from the first outbreak (Suez). Only LSDV was isolated from the second outbreak (Ismalia). The capripoxviruses were identified as LSDV by neutralization with specific antiserum and by their ability to produce generalized LSD in experimentally inoculated cattle.
Transcription Analysis of the Bacillus subtilis PucR Regulon and Identification of a cis -Acting Sequence Required for PucR-Regulated Expression of Genes Involved in Purine Catabolism (2002)

The PucR protein of Bacillus subtilis has previously been suggested to regulate the expression of 15 genes, pucABCDE, pucFG, pucH, pucI, pucJKLM, pucR, and gde, all of which encode proteins involved in purine catabolism. When cells are grown under nitrogen-limiting conditions, the expression of these genes is induced and intermediary compounds of the purine catabolic pathway affect this expression. By using pucR deletion mutants, we have found that PucR induces the expression of pucFG, pucH, pucI, pucJKLM, and gde while it represses the expression of pucR and pucABCDE. Deletions in the promoters of the five induced operons and genes combined with bioinformatic analysis suggested a conserved upstream activating sequence, 5'-WWWCNTTGGTTAA-3', now named the PucR box. Potential PucR boxes overlapping the -35 and -10 regions of the pucABCDE promoter and located downstream of the pucR transcription start point were also found. The positions of these PucR boxes are consistent with PucR acting as a negative regulator of pucABCDE and pucR expression. Site-directed mutations in the PucR box upstream of pucH and pucI identified positions that are essential for the induction of pucH and pucI expression, respectively. Mutants with decreased pucH or increased pucR expression obtained from a library of clones containing random mutations in the pucH-to-pucR intercistronic region all contained mutations in or near the PucR box. The induction of pucR expression under nitrogen-limiting conditions was found to be mediated by the global nitrogen-regulatory protein TnrA. In other gram-positive bacteria, we have found open reading frames that encode proteins similar to PucR located next to other open reading frames encoding proteins with similarity to purine catabolic enzymes. Hence, the PucR homologues are likely to exert the same function in other gram-positive bacteria as PucR does in B. subtilis.
Relapse Patterns After Transoral Laser Microsurgery and Postoperative Irradiation for Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Tonsil and Tongue Base (2014)

Adjuvant irradiation after TLM resection of oropharyngeal SCC with intermediate- or high-risk features improves locoregional control compared with TLM alone.
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in the Mouse (2007)

This unit details the materials and methods required for both active induction and adoptive transfer of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in the SJL mouse strain using intact proteins or peptides from the two major myelin proteins: proteolipid protein (PLP) and myelin basic protein (MBP). Detailed materials and methods required for the purification of both PLP and MBP are also described. Modifications of the specified protocols may be necessary for efficient induction of active or adoptive EAE in other mouse strains.
Inhibition of Surface Chemical Moieties by Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane: A Key to Understanding Oxygen Reduction on Iron–Nitrogen–Carbon Catalysts (2018)

The effect of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) on the activity of metal–nitrogen–carbon (M–N–C) platinum metal group-free (PGM-free) catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is studied. Electrochemical tests performed in the acidic and alkaline electrolyte and comparison between electrochemical observations for metal-free and metal-containing catalysts along with density functional calculations showed the multiplex mechanism of oxygen reduction in which numerous species perform partial and full reduction of oxygen to peroxide or water, respectively. The important role of protons in the mechanism of oxygen reduction is highlighted.
Downstream processing of mannosylerythritol lipids produced by Pseudozyma aphidis (2005)

Pseudozyma aphidis DSM 14930 was used for the bioreactor production of mannosylerythritol lipids (MEL). A scheme is presented for the isolation and purification of MEL by using different solvents. Adsorption experiments of MEL at Amberlite XAD resins were performed. Up to 93% (wt-%) MEL could be transferred from the culture suspension into a newly formed, highly viscous solid phase by heating the culture suspension to ≥100 °C. This phase contained on average 87% (wt-%) MEL and could be simply isolated by pouring off the supernatant, without producing solvent waste.
Remote Photonic Sensing of Cerebral Hemodynamics via Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Back-Scattered Laser Light (2019)

The ability to remotely extract cerebral hemodynamics from specific locations on the brain using time varied speckle patterns is innovative. The first step towards remote sensing of brain activity and stroke is presented.
Lateral and Vertical Discrimination of Thin-Bed Fluvial Reservoirs:Geostatistical Inversion of a 3D Seismic Data Set (2001)

Abstract The San Jorge Basin is one of the most prolific hydrocarbon bearing zones in Argentina.The Cañadon Seco Formation is characterized by sandstones with thickness usually bellow the tuning lenght, under these conditions high uncertainty exists in sandstone prediction when seismic amplitudes are analyzed, due to interference and tuning effects. This paper presents an estimation procedure that overcomes these limitations based on the extrapolation of the well data further away from its location by Geostatistical Inversion of 3D seismic data. Although vertical sampling of the seismic data is much less dense than the one from logging, its higher lateral resolution is used to complement the high vertical resolution of the well data. Unlike conventional trace based inversion in which the source is the seismic data in Geostatistical Inversion the data source is the well, and the estimated acoustic impedance values satisfy the seismic data, in this way driving resolution to an intermediate range between the well and seismic data. With this procedure stochastic simulations of the petrophysical variables are generated, (density and lithology) that not only honour the hard data of the wells but also the seismic data, and minimize the residual error between the Synthetic model and the real 3D-Seismic trace. Each simulation (SGS-Simulated Annealing and SIS) is itself a possible solution to the problem and it is called a realization, wich is then integrated into an average to optimize the certainty of the predictions. The Acoustic Impedance, density and lithology models derived from GI have a resolution of 1ms. This allowed discriminations of lateral variations in the petrophysics of the reservoir (density porosity) and the delineation of sand packets of up to 6 meters thick. The Geostatistical Inversion turned out to be a very powerful tool for the static reservoir modelling wich can function itself as an input to the dynamic model (reservoir simulation), guide the development of the block and assists to the EOR.
Study of the Residue Control Based on Feature-Model (2010)

By the criterion of least square variance, the Feature-Model of the Multi-Order systems with pure delay unit is established by calculating the system's inputting and outputting data. According to the model's feature, the algorithm is proposed to estimate residual error with the outputting data of the system and Feature-Model, and then residue control value as well as suitable compensating time is obtained to compensate the output for getting the expectant control effects. Simulation shows this algorithm can get better output and compensate the outer disturbance as soon as possible.
Status epilepticus as a main manifestation of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome after pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (2011)

Our experience shows that SE is more frequent than previously reported and is often the main manifestation of PRES after pediatric allo-HSCT. Looking for suggestive clinical signs as well as routine use of EEG monitoring may allow prompt recognition of SE and therapy of both SE and PRES.
2,2′-(Sulfanediyldimethylene)bis(1,3-benzothiazole) (2011)

In the title compound, C(16)H(12)N(2)S(3), the two benzothia-zole groups are oriented differently with respect to the -CH(2)- groups, one being approximately staggered and one nearly eclipsed. A sulfur-π inter-action of 3.3627 (11) Å is observed between the bridging thio-ether S atom and a thia-zole ring. The crystal packing is further stabilized by inter-molecular C-H⋯N and C-H⋯π inter-actions.
Solid-source molecular-beam epitaxy growth of GaInNAsSb/InGaAs single quantum well on InP with photoluminescence peak wavelength at 2.04 μm (2004)

Single quantum wells In0.53Ga0.47As/Ga0.47In0.53N0.021As0.949Sb0.03/In0.53Ga0.47As with room-temperature photoluminescence peak wavelength at 2.04 μm were grown on InP substrate by solid-source molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE). In situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction was used to monitor the MBE growth. Double-crystal high-resolution x-ray diffraction and secondary ion mass spectrometry were utilized to characterize the samples and optimize the growth conditions. The roles of nitrogen and antimony atoms in the growth of quinary material, GaInNAsSb, were investigated.
Physicochemical Studies on the Interfacial and Bulk Behaviors of Sodium N‐Dodecanoyl Sarcosinate (SDDS) (2008)

Abstract Sodium N ‐dodecanoyl sarcosinate (SDDS), a novel amino‐acid based surfactant, has immense biological and industrial importance. Although it is being used in a number of cosmetic formulations, systematic analysis of the bulk and interfacial properties of the surfactant is scarce in the literature. In this study, effects of salt, temperature, and pH on the self‐association and related properties of SDDS have been examined in detail using methods such as tensiometry, conductometry, fluorimetry, pH‐metry, spectrophotometry, calorimetry, and circular dichroism. The nature of amphiphilic packing and the aggregation numbers of the assemblies have been deciphered. Properties of the acid form of the surfactant have also been explored. The results have been conceptually rationalized and systematically presented together with associated energetics of the interfacial adsorption and self‐aggregation of the surfactant in the bulk.
Antioxidative Effects of Polyphenol‐Enriched Red Ginseng Extracts on Hydrogen Peroxide‐Induced Oxidative Stress in C2C12 Cells (2011)

Excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in skeletal muscle is known to cause muscle fatigue and damage, which can be countered by endogenous antioxidant enzyme systems and dietary antioxidants. Although the medicinal efficacy of red ginseng extract (RGE) have been largely attributed to ginsenosides, the effects of phenolic compounds in RGE on ROS scavenging activity are not well known. We assessed the changes in total contents of saponins and phenolic compounds and examined the antioxidative effects of polyphenol‐enriched RGE (PRGE) on hydrogen peroxide (HP)‐induced oxidative stress in differentiated C2C12 muscle cells. Cells treated with 100 μM HP caused a marked increase of ROS within 6 hr, peaking at 24 hrs and remained high till 48 hrs. Compared to controls, both RGE and PRGE at 1.0 mg/ml concentration caused a marked decrease of ROS levels during the time course of 24 hr. The inhibitory effect of PRGE was significantly higher compared with RGE, consistent with ~2.6‐fold increase of total phenolic contents and major phenolic compounds in PRGE. Moreover, PRGE at 1.0 mg/ml increased the expression of catalase and glutathione reductase mRNAs. These results indicate that the superior antioxidant effect of PRGE relative to RGE can be accounted for the higher phenolic contents that directly scavenges ROS and/or through activation of antioxidant enzymes.
Cognitive and motivational factors support health literacy and acquisition of new health information in later life - eScholarship (2010)

Health literacy refers to the ability to read, understand and use health information to maintain or improve one’s health. Health literacy skills have been linked to outcomes such as medication adherence, improved health and decreased health-care costs. Health literacy is particularly low among older adults. Given demographic projections that 20% of the U.S. population will be over age 65 by 2030, there is a pressing need to understand health literacy in later life. We present such a framework, as well as data from two studies that show how cognitive and motivational factors support one aspect of health literacy, namely, the acquisition of new health information. A clearer understanding of these issues will provide insight for targeting educational interventions designed to increase health literacy among aging adults.
eBlocks: an enabling technology for basic sensor based systems (2005)

We describe the development of a set of embedded system building blocks, known as eBlocks. An eBlock network can be viewed as a basic form of sensor network that can be developed by non-programming engineers, scientists, and others. Each eBlock has a defined function, either one of a few predefined combinational or sequential functions, a custom-programmed function defined by an automated tool, or by user with programming skills. A user creates an application simply by connecting blocks, and possibly performing simple configuration via dials and switches. We have built over 100 physical eBlock prototypes, and tested their usability with over 100 non-programming users to date. We will describe the architecture of the blocks, including design tradeoffs we considered and the benefit of an exploration tool that we developed to help optimize the power and performance of the design. We have also built a graphical eBlock simulator that users can utilize to quickly build and test systems before deployment, and that we have used in experiments with over 300 non-programming users to help us define intuitive block functions and interfaces. We will describe the simulator architecture, as well as a tool that automatically converts a user's eBlock network into a much smaller network of programmable blocks with accompanying automatically generated programs.
Abstract 16198: Burnout and Career Satisfaction Among Cardiologists (2017)

Introduction: Physician burnout adversely impacts patient care, but there are few data regarding prevalence or impact in cardiology. Methods: The American College of Cardiology’s (ACC) 2015 Profess...
Multiferroic and magnetoelectric properties of MnFe2O4/(Pb0.8Sr0.2)TiO3 composite films (2016)

MnFe2O4/(Pb0.8Sr0.2)TiO3 (MFO/PST20) heterostructured composite films with three different structures have been grown on Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrates by metal–organic decomposition processing via spin coating technique. The structural analysis revealed that the crystal axes of the MnFe2O4 are aligned with those of the PST20 ferroelectric matrix with obvious interfaces and no diffusions exist in all the three composite films. These composite films exhibit simultaneously multiferroic and magnetoelectric responses at room temperature. The growth structure of MFO and PST20 layers has an effect on multiferroic and magnetoelectric coupling behaviours of the composite films. The bi- and four-layered MFO/PST20 composite films exhibit superior ferroelectric properties compared to the tri-layered film. The increasing MFO and PST20 layers in the composite films enhance ferromagnetic properties and are closely related to the strain release in MnFe2O4 phase. The MFO/PST20 bi-layered composite film shows a high magnetoelectric voltage co-efficient αE ~ 194 mVcm−1Oe−1 at a dc magnetic field Hdc ~ 2.5 kOe. A significant decrease in αE value has been observed for tri- and four- layered composite films. A close correlation between phase selective residual stress and magnetoelectric properties has been emerged. The results are reasonably encouraging for employing MnFe2O4 for growing multiferroic–magnetoelectric composite films.
Chain ends as supports for α-helical structures in oligopeptides (1978)

Far-i.r. spectroscopy of some oligopeptides having L-alanyl and L-leucyl residues has shown that the terminal tripeptide units in the α-helical oligopeptides are not incorporated into the internal helical structures but serve as supports for these structures.
A high-performance 0.25- mu m CMOS technology. I. Design and characterization (1992)

A high-performance 0.25- mu m-channel CMOS technology is designed and characterized. The technology utilizes n/sup +/ polysilicon gates on nFETs and p/sup +/ polysilicon gates on pFETs so that both FETs are surface channel devices. The gate oxide thickness is 7 nm. Abrupt As and B source/drain junctions with reduced power supply voltage are used to achieve high-speed operation. The technology yields a loaded ring oscillator (NAND, FI=FO=3, C/sub w/=0.2 pF) delay per stage of 280 ps at W/sub eff//L/sub eff/=15 mu m/0.25 mu m, which is a 1.7* improvement over 0.5- mu m CMOS technology. At a channel length of 0.18 mu m, a CMOS stage delay of 38 ps for unloaded inverter and 185 ps for loaded NAND ring oscillators were measured. Key design issues of the CMOS devices are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Signal Averaging in Wavelet Domain (2022)

&lt;p&gt;We present a method to implement signal averaging using wavelet transforms. Signal averaging plays an essential role in reducing noise from physical experiments, but is currently performed outside wavelet transforms and removes the information of individual data points or experimental scans. We introduce the conditions that need to be satisfied to implement signal averaging using wavelet transforms, showing that only the Haar wavelet can be used to obtain signal-averaged information. Our method identifies the wavelet component that contains the signal-averaged value and develops a procedure to recover it. The method is tested on model data using varied amounts of Gaussian and Poisson noise at different data lengths as well as experimental data from the Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. While the Haar wavelet is successful in obtaining the mean, other wavelets yield weighted averages. The incorporation of this method enables signal averaging and analysis to be carried out simultaneously in the wavelet domain, expanding the application of wavelet transforms and improving wavelet analysis. The code is available via GitHub and denoising.cornell.edu, as well as the corresponding author's group website (signalsciencelab.com).&lt;/p&gt;
Host Resistance and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection (2005)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a non-spore-forming, anaerobic bacillus that is acidalcohol fast and usually less than 5 μm long. This small organism kills more people worldwide each year than any other single infectious agent. In richer areas of the world, including the United States and Europe, there has been a resurgence of the disease, particularly in poorer subgroups of the population and in immunosuppressed individuals, notably those with concomitant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria has been an added source of concern, with the possibility that some strains may soon be untreatable even with second-line agents. This has led to renewed interest in the genetics and immunology of the host response to M. tuberculosis. Such study is the necessary prerequisite for the future development of novel immunotherapeutic agents. A relevant question in the context of this book is whether M. tuberculosis is an opportunistic or endemic pathogen. The first part of the chapter examines the evidence, focusing on the difference between asymptomatically infected individu-
Development of a Chip-Based Nanobore Column Platform with Universal Connectivity, Column Heating and Sheath Gas Capability (2014)

Nanobore column chromatography has become a method of choice when analyzing a wide variety of peptide and protein samples. The complex nature of biological samples requires frequent testing of different separation methods on a variety of nanobore columns to determine the best separation conditions. Here we test a newly developed easy-to-use chip based system enabled with different column lengths, column heating and universal connectivity. The flexible design of the chip columns facilitates method development, providing columns with different inner diameters, bed lengths and a wide selection of stationary phase materials. The PicoChip® column has sheath gas capability which further expands the possible use of PicoChip columns for higher flow rates (> 1 μL/min.) and on different MS platforms (data not included)1.
INFLUENCE OF THE FORM OF GROUND PLAN ON THE EFFECT OF LOAD DISTRIBUTION OF THE SLEEPER (1978)

The stress distribution below three different forms of sleepers was calculated by means of the finite-element method. In the model of thought necessary for this consideration the ballast bed is replaced by a modifiable half-space. The results are described and evaluated.
GaN/AlGaN superlattice based E-mode p-channel MES-FinFET with regrown contacts and >50 mA/mm on-current (2021)

There is a strong need for a large band gap pFET device with good performance for an efficient high voltage CMOS platform for power conversion applications. In this work, we report on GaN/ AlGaN superlattice based MES-FinFET devices with MOCVD regrown p+ contacts around the fins. 75 nm wide FinFETs showed a normally-off operation with an on-current of 65 mA/mm, highest ever reported for any GaN based E-mode pFETs. Simultaneously, a large I <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</inf> /I <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">off</inf> > 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> was also achieved.
Neomisticius platypi n. sp. and N. variabilis n. sp. (Tylenchomorpha: Anguinidae) from dead oak trees in Japan (2021)

Summary Two new Neomisticius species, typologically and phylogenetically close to each other, are described and illustrated from dead Quercus trees and an ambrosia beetle, Platypus quercivorus . The two species share some stylet morphological characteristics, namely, they both possess a long conus occupying more than half of the total stylet length, a long crustaformeria composed of more than 160 cells (eight rows of more than 20 cells each), and a short and broad female tail with a digitate tip. They are distinguished from each other by N. variabilis n. sp. having a wide, spindle-shaped male bursa with a blunt terminus and N. platypi n. sp. having an oval bursa with a rounded terminus. In addition, the males and females of both species have three large rectal glands and the posterior end of the male testis (distal end of the vas deferens ) bears three cells that seemingly function as a valve between the vas deferens and the cloacal tube. These characteristics have not been reported in other tylenchids. Currently, the genus contains only three species: the two new species and N. rhizomorphoides , which has a normal stylet with a short conus, a short crustaformeria, and lacks rectal glands and valve cells in the vas deferens . Therefore, the two new species are readily distinguished from N. rhizomorphoides and, based on the previous definition, may even represent a new genus. However, considering their phylogenetic closeness and biological similarities ( e.g. , association with ambrosia beetles), the generic definition of Neomisticius was emended to include these new species.