gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Mechanism of Heme Transfer from the Cytoplasmic Heme Binding Protein PhuS to the δ-Regioselective Heme Oxygenase of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2006)

The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa has evolved two outer membrane receptor-mediated uptake systems (encoded by the phu and has operons) by which it can utilize the hosts heme and hemeproteins as a source of iron. PhuS is a cytoplasmic heme binding protein encoded within the phu operon and has previously been shown to function in the trafficking of heme to the iron-regulated heme oxygenase (pa-HO). While the heme association rate for PhuS was similar to that of myoglobin, a markedly higher rate of heme dissociation (approximately 10(5) s(-1)) was observed, in keeping with a function in heme-trafficking. Additionally, the transfer of heme from PhuS to pa-HO was shown to be specific and unidirectional when compared to transfer to the non-iron regulated heme oxygenase (BphO), in which heme distribution between the two proteins merely reflects their relative intrinsic affinities for heme. Furthermore, the rate of transfer of heme from holo-PhuS to pa-HO of 0.11 +/- 0.01 s(-1) is 30-fold faster than that to apo-myoglobin, despite the significant higher binding affinity of apo-myoglobin for heme (kH = 1.3 x 10(-8) microM) than that of PhuS (0.2 microM). This data suggests that heme transfer to pa-HO is independent of heme affinity and is consistent with temperature dependence studies which indicate the reaction is driven by a negative entropic contribution, typical of an ordered transition state, and supports the notion that heme transfer from PhuS to pa-HO is mediated via a specific protein-protein interaction. In addition, pH studies, and reactions conducted in the presence of cyanide, suggest the involvement of spin transition during the heme transfer process, whereby the heme undergoes spin change from 6-c LS to 6-c HS either in PhuS or pa-HO. On the basis of the magnitudes of the activation parameters obtained in the presence of cyanide, whereby both complexes are maintained in a 6-c LS state, and the biphasic kinetics of heme transfer from holo-PhuS to pa-HO-wt, supports the notion that the spin-state crossover occur within holo-PhuS prior to the heme transfer step. Alternatively, the lack of the biphasic kinetic with pa-HO-G125V, 6-c LS, and with comparable rate of heme transfer as pa-HO is supportive of a mechanism in which the spin-change could occur within pa-HO. The present data suggests either or both of the two pathways proposed for heme transfer may occur under the present experimental conditions. The dissection of which pathway is physiologically relevant is the focus of ongoing studies.
Mutations in MAP3K1 tilt the balance from SOX9/FGF9 to WNT/β-catenin signaling (2013)

In-frame missense and splicing mutations (resulting in a 2 amino acid insertion or a 34 amino acid deletion) dispersed through the MAP3K1 gene tilt the balance from the male to female sex-determining pathway, resulting in 46,XY disorder of sex development. These MAP3K1 mutations mediate this balance by enhancing WNT/β-catenin/FOXL2 expression and β-catenin activity and by reducing SOX9/FGF9/FGFR2/SRY expression. These effects are mediated at multiple levels involving MAP3K1 interaction with protein co-factors and phosphorylation of downstream targets. In transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell lines and NT2/D1 cells transfected with wild-type or mutant MAP3K1 cDNAs under control of the constitutive CMV promoter, these mutations increased binding of RHOA, MAP3K4, FRAT1 and AXIN1 and increased phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2. Overexpressing RHOA or reducing expression of MAP3K4 in NT2/D1 cells produced phenocopies of the MAP3K1 mutations. Using siRNA knockdown of RHOA or overexpressing MAP3K4 in NT2/D1 cells produced anti-phenocopies. Interestingly, the effects of the MAP3K1 mutations were rescued by co-transfection with wild-type MAP3K4. Although MAP3K1 is not usually required for testis determination, mutations in this gene can disrupt normal development through the gains of function demonstrated in this study.
Synthesis, Morphology, and Field-Effect Mobility of Anthradithiophenes (1998)

The synthesis, thin-film morphology, and hole mobility in thin-film transistors (TFTs) of compounds based on the novel anthradithiophene (ADT) ring system are reported. The parent compound and its 2,8-dihexyl, didodecyl, and dioctadecyl derivatives (DHADT, DDADT, and DOADT, respectively), synthesized via alkylated thiophene dicarboxaldehyde acetals, were investigated. They all form highly ordered polycrystalline vacuum-evaporated films with mobilities as high as 0.15 cm2/(V s), as high as has ever been observed for a polycrystalline organic material. DOADT has a mobility of 0.06 cm2/(V s) even though 70% of its molecular volume is occupied by hydrocarbon chains. DHADT was cast from solution under atmospheric conditions onto a TFT giving a mobility of 0.01−0.02 cm2/(V s). Thus, the alkylated ADTs combine a pentacene-like intrinsic mobility with greater solubility and oxidative stability.
Role of C-Arm VasoCT in the Use of Endovascular WEB Flow Disruption in Intracranial Aneurysm Treatment (2014)

Unlike DSA, VasoCT is an excellent tool to assess WEB deployment and positioning. In our experience, it allowed a precise evaluation of the WEB sizing and its relation to the parent vessel. Such information very likely enhances the ability to safely use this device, avoiding potential thromboembolic events in cases of protrusion in the parent arteries.
The Activation of the JAK2/STAT5 Pathway Is Commonly Involved in Signaling through the Human IL-5 Receptor (1997)

The JAK (Janus kinase) family of protein tyrosine kinases and the STATs (signal transducers and activators of transcription) have been shown to be activated in response to a number of cytokines and growth factors. In this study, we evaluated the activation of JAK/STAT pathway upon human interleukin-5 (hIL-5) stimulation of two different hIL-5-responsive cell lines, hIL-5 receptor alpha-subunit (hIL-5R alpha) cDNA-transfected TF-1 (TF-h5R alpha) and butyric-acid-treated YY-1 (YY-Bu), and peripheral eosinophils. Immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift analysis revealed that tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2 and activation of STAT5 were induced upon stimulation with hIL-5 in all three cell types, while STAT1 activation was only observed in eosinophils. These results indicate that JAK2/STAT5 activation is a common JAK/STAT pathway for hIL-5-mediated signal in these cells.
Ovarian Masses (2013)

The ovary is active throughout the life cycle of a female patient, leading to normal and abnormal cyst development. This chapter reviews the evaluation and management of an ovarian cyst in the neonatal, antenatal and prepubertal periods. Ovarian development, malignancies, torsion, and dermoid cysts are addressed.
3105 Enhancements in Vehicle Stability and Steerability with VSA (2001)

To enhance vehicle stability in unison with steerability, vehicle dynamic parameters such as vehicle side slip angle, road friction, and tire side forces were precisely estimated in a moment, and utilizing four wheel slip control a logic for optimizing vehicle dynamics was formulated. Tests on ice- and snow-covered roads demonstrated the effectiveness of the control, and confirmed the validity of the logic.
Phenotyping of Different Italian Durum Wheat Varieties in Early Growth Stage With the Addition of Pure or Digestate-Activated Biochars (2021)

This study aims to highlight the major effects of biochar incorporation into potting soil substrate on plant growth and performance in early growth stages of five elite Italian varieties of durum wheat (<i>Triticum durum</i>). The biochars used were obtained from two contrasting feedstocks, namely wood chips and wheat straw, by gasification under high temperature conditions, and were applied in a greenhouse experiment either as pure or as nutrient-activated biochar obtained by incubation with digestate. The results of the experiment showed that specific genotypes as well as different treatments with biochar have significant effects on plant response when looking at shoot traits related to growth. The evaluated genotypes could be clustered in two main distinct groups presenting, respectively, significantly increasing (Duilio, Iride, and Saragolla varieties) and decreasing (Marco Aurelio and Grecale varieties) values of projected shoot system area (PSSA), fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), and plant water loss by evapotranspiration (ET). All these traits were correlated with Pearson correlation coefficients ranging from 0.74 to 0.98. Concerning the treatment effect, a significant alteration of the mentioned plant traits was observed when applying biochar from wheat straw, characterized by very high electrical conductivity (EC), resulting in a reduction of 34.6% PSSA, 43.2% FW, 66.9% DW, and 36.0% ET, when compared to the control. Interestingly, the application of the same biochar after nutrient spiking with digestate determined about a 15-30% relief from the abovementioned reduction induced by the application of the sole pure wheat straw biochar. Our results reinforce the current basic knowledge available on biological soil amendments as biochar and digestate.
Disclose or not? Effect of impression management tactics on hireability of persons with epilepsy (2016)

This study demonstrates that IM has a significant and positive effect on job interview outcomes for persons with epilepsy. IM can be used as a powerful strategy for empowering people with epilepsy to combat disability stigma, and offset negative perceptions of employers about the potential of this population to be productive workers.
Chapter 5 Free Radical Initiated Polymerization Systems (2002)

FREE RADICAL RADIATION CURING of coatings began in the late 1950s at Ford Motor Company. Dr. William Burlant of this company was interested in ionizing radiation and the effect it had on organic molecules [1]. He knew that ionizing radiation was capable of initiating very rapid reactions and was interested in polymerizations that could be initiated with such high-energy radiation. In the beginning, the efforts were not really directed towards coatings. However, before the studies had gone very far, Burlant realized that radiation-cured coatings might be an assembly line application for the technology, and his group held a special demonstration for Henry Ford and Ford's senior engineers. The process being revealed had the benefits of rapid cure rate, no appreciable substrate or cured-film temperature rise, and no volatile solvents. In the 1950s, the latter factor was of importance mainly because of energy costs and secondarily because of environmental concerns, since at this time it took about a half hour at elevated temperatures to remove solvent and to effect cross-linking of automobile coatings.
Bioengineering of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 for Production and Excretion of Spermidine, a Key Metabolite in Human Health (2022)

Microbiota-derived metabolites have biological importance for their host. Spermidine, a metabolite described for its protective effect in age-related diseases, is now studied for its role in the resolution of inflammation and gut homeostasis. Strategies to modulate its production in the gastrointestinal tract are of interest to increase host spermidine intakes. Here, we show that metabolic engineering can be used to increase spermidine production by the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN), used in humans. First, we found that increasing the expression of genes involved in polyamine biosynthesis, namely the S-adenosylmethionine synthase speD and the spermidine synthase speE, resulted in an increase in spermidine produced and excreted by our engineered bacteria. The major drawback of this first attempt was the production of acetylated forms of spermidine. Next, we propose to solve this problem by increasing the expression of the spermidine exporter system MdtI/MdtJ. This second strategy had a major impact on the spermidine profile found in the culture supernatant. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, the feasibility of rationally engineering bacterial probiotic strains to increase their ability to deliver the microbiota-derived metabolite, spermidine. This work illustrates how metabolomic and synthetic biology can be used to design and improve engineered Live Biotherapeutic Products that have the potential to be used in personalized medicine.
Enhancing stock efficiency and environmental sustainability goals in direct distribution logistic networks (2019)

In modern business, industrial companies embrace lean philosophy to increase their efficiency moving toward the so-called continuous improvement of industrial processes. In parallel, according to the international regulations and stakeholder pressures, rising attention is toward sustainable environmental, i.e., green, practices. A relevant scientific area addresses the topic of matching lean management (LM) and green management (GM) principles within logistics, from a quantitative and optimised perspective. This paper follows this stream and proposes a bi-objective model optimising stock efficiency and environmental sustainability in the design of direct distribution logistic networks. The former goal belongs to LM, the latter belongs to GM. The model application to an Italian case study showcases its benefit reducing the average stock without a relevant increase of the emissions due to frequent replenishments. A cost analysis of the results completes this paper to include the economic dimension within the study boundaries.
4,5,6,6a-Tetradehydro-N-methyl-7-oxoaporphinium salts (1981)

Stephania venosa Spreng. (Menispermaceae) has yielded the first two 4,5,6,6a-tetradehydro-N-methyl-7-oxoaporphinium salts known, namely uthongine (4) and thailandine (5), which are partially decomposed by chromatography on silica gel to 7-oxocrebanine (6) and 7-oxostephanine (7), respectively.
Improved methodologies for the study of adipose biology: insights gained and opportunities ahead (2014)

Adipocyte differentiation and function have become areas of intense focus in the field of energy metabolism; however, understanding the role of specific genes in the establishment and maintenance of fat cell function can be challenging and complex. In this review, we offer practical guidelines for the study of adipocyte development and function. We discuss improved cellular and genetic systems for the study of adipose biology and highlight recent insights gained from these new approaches.
Multifocal motor neuropathy human sera block distal motor nerve conduction in mice (1995)

Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is associated with serum autoantibodies to gangliosides, but their pathogenic role is uncertain. We have used a novel approach to study the effects of serum and plasma from 8 patients with this syndrome, 6 of whom were anti-GM1 positive. The nerve stimulus required to evoke muscle contraction and endplate potentials (EPPs) was measured in the mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation during 4 to 6 hours of direct application (plasma at 1:1 or serum 1:2 dilution) and following intraperitoneal injection of plasma (1 ml/day) for 1 to 5 days ("passive transfer"). Direct application of MMN serum or plasma produced a progressive increase in stimulus threshold, followed by complete block of nerve-evoked muscle contraction in 3 cases, and an associated decline to about 50% of the EPP amplitude followed by sudden loss of EPPs. These effects were complement independent. Even with complete block of nerve-evoked EPPs, miniature EPP (MEPP) frequency could be increased by raising external K+ to depolarize the nerve terminal directly. Passive transfer of 1 ml of MMN plasma (n = 5) for 3 days caused similar but less marked changes. These results demonstrate that serum factors in MMN can block nerve conduction at distal motor nerves.
The CB1R rs2023239 receptor gene variant significantly affects the reinforcing effects of nicotine, but not cue reactivity, in human smokers (2020)

Taken together, these results suggest that the variation in the CB1R (i.e., rs2023239 SNP) may play a larger role in nicotine reinforcement compared to cue reactivity. This work provides impetus to further understand the physiological mechanisms that explain how CB1Rs influence nicotine dependence phenotypes.
A recurrent neural network for nonlinear convex programming (2003)

This paper presents a novel recurrent neural network for nonlinear convex programming. Under the condition that the objective function is convex and the constraint set is strictly convex or that the objective function is strictly convex and the constraint set is convex, the proposed neural network is proved to be stable in the sense of Lyapunov and globally convergent to an exact solution. Compared with the existing neural networks for solving such nonlinear optimization problems, the proposed neural network does not require an additional condition on the objective function and has a simple structure for implementation. Simulation results are given to illustrate further the global convergence and performance of the proposed neural network for constrained nonlinear optimization.
Environmental Lead Exposure and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptom Domains in a Community Sample of South Korean School-Age Children (2014)

BackgroundLow-level environmental exposure to lead has been associated with both reduced intelligence and symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, few studies have estimated the association of lead and intelligence independent of ADHD, and it is not clear from previous studies whether lead is associated with both inattention and impulsivity ADHD symptoms.ObjectivesWe estimated mutually adjusted associations of environmental lead exposure with both intelligence and ADHD symptoms, and associations between lead and specific ADHD-related domains.MethodsBlood lead concentrations were measured in a general population of 1,001 children 8–11 years of age. We used multivariable linear regression models to estimate associations of blood lead concentrations with IQ scores, teacher and parent ratings of ADHD symptoms, and measures of inattention and impulsivity. Models were adjusted for demographic variables and other environmental exposures (blood levels of mercury and manganese, urinary concentrations of cotinine, phthalate metabolites, and bisphenol A).ResultsAssociations of blood lead with lower IQ and higher impulsivity were robust to adjustment for a variety of covariates. When adjusted for demographic characteristics, other environmental exposures, and ADHD symptoms or IQ, a 10-fold increase in blood lead concentration was associated with lower Full-Scale IQ (–7.23; 95% CI: –13.39, –1.07) and higher parent- and teacher-rated hyperactivity/impulsivity scores (ADHD Rating Scale, 1.99; 95% CI: 0.17, 3.81 and 3.66; 95% CI: 1.18, 6.13, respectively) and commission errors (Continuous Performance Test, 12.27; 95% CI: –0.08, 24.62). Blood lead was not significantly associated with inattention in adjusted models.ConclusionsLow-level lead exposure was adversely associated with intelligence in school-age children independent of ADHD, and environmental lead exposure was selectively associated with impulsivity among the clinical features of ADHD.CitationHong SB, Im MH, Kim JW, Park EJ, Shin MS, Kim BN, Yoo HJ, Cho IH, Bhang SY, Hong YC, Cho SC. 2015. Environmental lead exposure and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptom domains in a community sample of South Korean school-age children. Environ Health Perspect 123:271–276; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307420
Adoption of the Q Transcriptional System for Regulating Gene Expression in Stem Cells (2017)

The field of mammalian synthetic biology seeks to engineer enabling technologies to create novel approaches for programming cells to probe, perturb, and regulate gene expression with unprecedented precision. To accomplish this, new genetic parts continue to be identified that can be used to build novel genetic circuits to re-engineer cells to perform specific functions. Here, we establish a new transcription-based genetic circuit that combines genes from the quinic acid sensing metabolism of Neorospora crassa and the bacterial Lac repressor system to create a new orthogonal genetic tool to be used in mammalian cells. This work establishes a novel genetic tool, called LacQ, that functions to regulate gene expression in Chinese hamster ovarian (CHO) cells, human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells, and in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells.
Mystery Checkpoint Revealed: KIR3DL3 Finally Found a Ligand in HHLA2 (2021)

Inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (iKIR) tolerize natural killer cells and some T cells upon detecting classical HLA class I molecules. In this issue, Bhatt and colleagues identify the B7 family member HHLA2 as an unanticipated ligand for a peculiar iKIR family member, KIR3DL3. These data establish a new inhibitory checkpoint pathway that may protect HHLA2<sup>+</sup> tumor cells from immune attack.<i>See article by Bhatt et al., p. 156</i>.
Studies on the Metabolism of Phospholipids in Mycobacterium phlei I. Difference in Turnover Rates of Individual Phospholipids (1967)

In growing cells of Mycobacterium phlei, phospholipids showed an appreciable turnover. Among the components of phospholipids, cardiolipin had the highest turnover rate. Phosphatidyl-inositol oligomannosides and phosphatidyl ethanol-amine showed relatively low turnovers compared with that of cardiolipin. Phosphatidic acid was also a metabolic precursor of phospholipids even in the cells of M. phlei.
Propensity Analysis of Long-Term Survival After Surgical or Percutaneous Revascularization in Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease and High-Risk Features (2004)

In patients with multivessel coronary artery disease and many high-risk characteristics, CABG was associated with better survival than PCI after adjustment for risk profile.