gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prevention of joint destruction by tacrolimus in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: a post hoc analysis of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study (2013)

Objectives A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the oral calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus was performed in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis who had responded poorly to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and factors related to suppression of joint destruction were investigated. Methods The change in the total Sharp score (∆TSS) was assessed by univariate analysis in patients with X-ray films to identify the main determinant of a ∆TSS of <0.5 in week 52. Patients with this factor were then investigated further. Results Univariate analysis showed that a baseline C-reactive protein (CRP) level of <1.5 mg/dL was the major determinant of ∆TSS <0.5 at week 52 in the tacrolimus group. Detailed analysis of patients with a baseline CRP of <1.5 mg/dL revealed no significant differences in background factors between the two groups. In week 52, ∆TSS was significantly smaller in the tacrolimus group than in the placebo group (2.67 ± 5.40 vs. 8.05 ± 10.32, respectively, p = 0.017). Both groups had a similar incidence of adverse reactions. Conclusions Adding tacrolimus to DMARDs significantly suppressed disease activity and joint destruction in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis, a disease duration ≤3 years, a CRP <1.5 mg/dL, and a poor response to oral DMARDs.
Young women’s body image following upwards comparison to Instagram models: The role of physical appearance perfectionism and cognitive emotion regulation (2021)

The present study examined whether trait physical appearance perfectionism moderates young women’s body image following upwards appearance comparison to idealized body images on social media, and whether cognitive coping mediates the relationship between physical appearance perfectionism and resulting body image from social comparison processes. Female undergraduate students (N = 142) were randomly assigned to either 1) compare the size of their body parts to the body parts of attractive Instagram models, or 2) an appearance-neutral control condition. All participants completed measures of trait physical appearance perfectionism, pre and post measures of state body image, and state cognitive coping processes. Appearance comparison to the models resulted in lowered confidence and increased appearance and weight dissatisfaction. High trait physical appearance perfectionism predicted lower confidence and higher weight dissatisfaction and appearance dissatisfaction, and these relationships were mediated by engagement in rumination and catastrophizing. Clinical implications of the findings are discussed.
Advancing personalized care in hemophilia A: ten years&rsquo; experience with an advanced category antihemophilic factor prepared using a plasma/albumin-free method (2014)

Detailed analysis of data from studies of recombinant antihemophilic factor produced using a plasma/albumin-free method (rAHF-PFM) in previously treated patients showed a substantial level of interpatient variation in pharmacokinetics (PKs), factor VIII dosing, and annualized bleed rate (ABR), suggesting that individual patient characteristics contributed to outcome. For example, plasma half-life (t1/2), recovery, and clearance appeared to differ between patients aged <6 years and 10-65 years. Prophylaxis resulted in lower ABRs than episodic treatment in both age groups; better adherence to the prophylactic regimen resulted in a lower ABR in patients aged 10-65 years. The weekly frequency of dosing and adherence to dosing were both significantly and inversely related to the rate of bleeding (young children, P<0.0001 for both all bleeds and joint bleeds; older patients, P<0.0001 for all bleeds and P<0.05 for joint bleeds), as was adherence to dosing frequency (P<0.0001 for all comparisons). A post-marketing randomized study of prophylaxis demonstrated that a PK-guided dosing regimen, based on an individual patient's rAHF-PFM PK (infusion interval, estimated t1/2, and recovery), was as effective as standard prophylaxis and that both prophylactic regimens were superior to episodic treatment with respect to ABR and quality of life measures. Thus, compared with standard prophylaxis, the PK-guided regimen achieved comparable efficacy with fewer weekly infusions. A two-compartment population PK model describes the PK data across the entire age range and forms the basis for future PK-guided therapy with rAHF-PFM. The model confirmed a shorter t1/2 and faster clearance of rAHF-PFM in children <6 years of age versus patients ≥10 years and predicted similar PK parameters with either a full or reduced blood sampling schedule, offering the potential for the use of PK-guided, individualized treatment in the routine clinical care setting.
Methane-induced haemolysis of human erythrocytes (1995)

Human erythrocytes were exposed to high concentrations of methane and nitrogen through the application of elevated partial pressures of these gas molecules. Cell leakage (haemolysis) was measured for cells exposed to these gases under a wide range of experimental conditions. Application of methane produces haemolysis at pressures far below the hydrostatic pressures known to disrupt membrane or protein structure. The effects of changes in buffer, temperature, diffusion rate and detergents were studied. Methane acts co-operatively with detergents to produce haemolysis at much lower detergent concentration than is required in the absence of methane or in the presence of nitrogen. At sufficiently high concentrations of methane, all cells are haemolysed. Increased temperature enhances the effect. Methane produces 50% haemolysis at a concentration of about 0.33 M compared with about 7.5 M methanol required for the same degree of haemolysis.
A malaria parasite subtilisin propeptide-like protein is a potent inhibitor of the egress protease SUB1 (2020)

Subtilisin-like serine peptidases (subtilases) play important roles in the life cycle of many organisms, including the protozoan parasites that are the causative agent of malaria, Plasmodium spp. As with other peptidases, subtilase proteolytic activity has to be tightly regulated in order to prevent potentially deleterious uncontrolled protein degradation. Maturation of most subtilases requires the presence of an N-terminal propeptide that facilitates folding of the catalytic domain. Following its proteolytic cleavage, the propeptide acts as a transient, tightly bound inhibitor until its eventual complete removal to generate active protease. Here we report the identification of a stand-alone malaria parasite propeptide-like protein, called SUB1-ProM, encoded by a conserved gene that lies in a highly syntenic locus adjacent to three of the four subtilisin-like genes in the Plasmodium genome. Template-based modelling and ab initio structure prediction showed that the SUB1-ProM core structure is most similar to the X-ray crystal structure of the propeptide of SUB1, an essential parasite subtilase that is discharged into the parasitophorous vacuole (PV) to trigger parasite release (egress) from infected host cells. Recombinant Plasmodium falciparum SUB1-ProM was found to be a fast-binding, potent inhibitor of P. falciparum SUB1, but not of the only other essential blood-stage parasite subtilase, SUB2, or of other proteases examined. Mass-spectrometry and immunofluorescence showed that SUB1-ProM is expressed in the PV of blood stage P. falciparum, where it may act as an endogenous inhibitor to regulate SUB1 activity in the parasite.
Aβ induces astrocytic glutamate release, extrasynaptic NMDA receptor activation, and synaptic loss (2013)

Synaptic loss is the cardinal feature linking neuropathology to cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanism of synaptic damage remains incompletely understood. Here, using FRET-based glutamate sensor imaging, we show that amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) engages α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors to induce release of astrocytic glutamate, which in turn activates extrasynaptic NMDA receptors (eNMDARs) on neurons. In hippocampal autapses, this eNMDAR activity is followed by reduction in evoked and miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs). Decreased mEPSC frequency may reflect early synaptic injury because of concurrent eNMDAR-mediated NO production, tau phosphorylation, and caspase-3 activation, each of which is implicated in spine loss. In hippocampal slices, oligomeric Aβ induces eNMDAR-mediated synaptic depression. In AD-transgenic mice compared with wild type, whole-cell recordings revealed excessive tonic eNMDAR activity accompanied by eNMDAR-sensitive loss of mEPSCs. Importantly, the improved NMDAR antagonist NitroMemantine, which selectively inhibits extrasynaptic over physiological synaptic NMDAR activity, protects synapses from Aβ-induced damage both in vitro and in vivo.
Effect of rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility genes on the immune response to viral citrullinated peptides in rheumatoid arthritis (2012)

No abstract available
Detecting Ships in the New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone: Requirements for a Dedicated SmallSat SAR Mission (2021)

The performance tradeoffs of a smallsat synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system for maritime surveillance in the coastal waters of New Zealand are investigated. The lower costs of smallsat platforms allow for a constellation of SAR satellites that can be launched from New Zealand using an existing local launch service provider. The minimum SAR image quality necessary for a smallsat system to achieve a desired detection performance is determined using existing X-band satellite data. The image quality is specified in terms of noise-equivalent sigma zero (NESZ) and resolution. It was found that for a resolution cell of 4 m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> a system NESZ of -1.7 dB is sufficient to detect small fishing vessels with a probability of detection of 0.5, while maintaining the probability of false alarm below 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-10</sup> . These requirements are translated into a preliminary SAR system design.
Atomic layer deposition of absorbing thin films on nanostructured electrodes for short-wavelength infrared photosensing (2015)

Atomic layer deposition (ALD), prized for its high-quality thin-film formation in the absence of high temperature or high vacuum, has become an industry standard for the large-area deposition of a wide array of oxide materials. Recently, it has shown promise in the formation of nanocrystalline sulfide films. Here, we demonstrate the viability of ALD lead sulfide for photodetection. Leveraging the conformal capabilities of ALD, we enhance the absorption without compromising the extraction efficiency in the absorbing layer by utilizing a ZnO nanowire electrode. The nanowires are first coated with a thin shunt-preventing TiO2 layer, followed by an infrared-active ALD PbS layer for photosensing. The ALD PbS photodetector exhibits a peak responsivity of 10−2 A W−1 and a shot-derived specific detectivity of 3 × 109 Jones at 1530 nm wavelength.
INTERMITTENT MANDATORY VENTILATION (1975)

Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, J. Hillis Miller Health Center and Veterans Administration Hospital, Gainesville, Florida
Treatment of Rigid Hypertrophic Posttraumatic Pseudarthrosis of the Tibia in Children Using Distraction Osteogenesis (2002)

Posttraumatic tibial pseudarthrosis is a relatively uncommon complication of tibia fractures in children. Although reported as a successful method of treating tibial nonunions in adults, distraction osteogenesis through a nonunion site via ring external fixation has not been described in children. The authors report three consecutive cases of distraction through an angulated, shortened, hypertrophic, posttraumatic nonunion to achieve successful union and concurrent correction of deformity. Distraction was carried out using a ring fixator with computer-guided correction. Union was achieved in each of the three patients with complete correction of deformity and length. Lengthening of 8 to 31 mm was achieved. The length of time in the external fixator ranged from 7 to 27 weeks. Pin tract infections developed in all patients; they were treated successfully using oral antibiotics. No deep infections or other significant complications developed. Each patient was followed up for at least 1 year.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Elevation of c-FLIP in Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer Antagonizes Therapeutic Response to Androgen Receptor–Targeted Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 41KB, Effects of SAHA and bicalutamide in inducing apoptosis detected by Annexin-V labelling.&lt;/p&gt;
Robust and precise identification of the hygro-expansion of single fibers: a full-field fiber topography correlation approach (2020)

Abstract Over the past decades, natural fibers have become an important constituent in multiple engineering- and biomaterials. Their high specific strength, biodegradability, low-cost production, recycle-ability, vast availability and easy processing make them interesting for many applications. However, fiber swelling due to moisture uptake poses a key challenge, as it significantly affects the geometric stability and mechanical properties. To characterize the hygro-mechanical behavior of fibers in detail, a novel micromechanical characterization method is proposed which allows continuous full-field fiber surface displacement measurements during wetting and drying. A single fiber is tested under an optical height microscope inside a climate chamber wherein the relative humidity is changed to capture the fiber swelling behavior. These fiber topographies are, subsequently, analyzed with an advanced Global Digital Height Correlation methodology dedicated to extract the full three-dimensional fiber surface displacement field. The proposed method is validated on four different fibers: flat viscose, trilobal viscose, 3D-printed hydrogel and eucalyptus, each having different challenges regarding their geometrical and hygroscopic properties. It is demonstrated that the proposed method is highly robust in capturing the full-field fiber kinematics. A precision analysis shows that, for eucalyptus, at 90% relative humidity, an absolute surface strain precision in the longitudinal and transverse directions of, respectively, 1.2 × 10 -4 and 7 × 10 -4 is achieved, which is significantly better than existing techniques in the literature. The maximum absolute precision in both directions for the other three tested fibers is even better, demonstrating that this method is versatile for precise measurements of the hygro-expansion of a wide range of fibers. Graphic abstract
Multi-Fold Physical Layer Data Encryption Using Chaotic Frequency Hopping (2018)

This paper proposes a multi-fold optical frequency hopping (FH) scheme based on hyper digital chaos. The multi-fold data encryption is achieved by the incorporation of chaotic sequences into traditional FH scheme, where a hyper digital chaos is implemented to generate the optical carrier frequency, FH rate as well as the available frequency set respectively. As a result, a huge key space of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">58</sup> is provided in the proposed multi-fold data encryption. The performances of data transmission and security enhancement of the proposed FH scheme are simulated and analyzed in details.
Activation of the Alternative (Properdin) Pathway by Divalent Cations (1975)

Abstract Mg++, Mn++ and Co++ activate the C system as judged by the reduction in cobra venom factor induced hemolysis, and cleavage of properdin factor B and C3. The maximum effect requires the addition of 5 to 10 mM of these cations to dialyzed sera. Guinea pig, human and rat sera respond in similar fashion indicating that these divalent cations can trigger the alternative pathway without the addition of other activating agents.
Differential Effects of Kinins on Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy and Interstitial Collagen Matrix in the Surviving Myocardium After Myocardial Infarction in the Rat (1997)

(1) Kinins inhibit the interstitial accumulation of collagen but do not modulate cardiomyocyte hypertrophy after MI. (2) Kinins contribute to the reduction of myocardial collagen accumulation by ACE inhibition and AT1 receptor blockade. (3) The effects of ACE inhibition and AT1 receptor blockade on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy are related to a reduced generation/receptor blockade of angiotensin II.
Self Absorption Corrections for X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of Aerosols (1974)

Abstract A procedure is described for making self absorption corrections for x-ray fluorescence analysis of ambient air aerosols which are collected in two size ranges with a dichotomous sampler. Calculations for fine particles are based on the assumption of a uniform layer of accumulated deposit which has an exponentially decreasing depth profile within a membrane filter. Coarse particles are treated as spheres with a log normal mass distribution which is subject to modification by the sampling device. An average attenuation and the associated uncertainty is deduced for coarse particles by considering a wide variety of possible chemical compositions.
Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) Inhibits Antiviral and Anticellular Action of Interferon in Synchronized Mouse or Human Cells (1980)

Antiviral and anticellular action of purified mouse or human interferon was found to be inhibited in the quiescent, monolayer cultures of mouse or human fibroblasts (3T3 and FS-14) stimulated for growth by PDGF. In the asynchronous cell cultures the antagonistic effect of PDGF towards interferon, was much less evident. The optimal synchronization of cells for division was obtained by density inhibition and the incubation of the confluent cell monolayers in the low serum medium for 24 h and in 5% platelet poor plasma serum (PPPS) medium for further 24 h at 37 degrees C. Under appropriate conditions also pure epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) acted as antagonists of interferon. It is suggested that interferons and growth factors are two families of hormones. The effects induced by interferons and growth factors are found to be directly opposite.
The Effects of Sex Differences and Hormonal Contraception on Outcomes after Collegiate Sports-Related Concussion (2018)

There is conflicting evidence regarding whether females are more adversely affected after concussion than males. Further, recent research suggests that hormonal contraceptive (HC) use may affect symptom severity and duration post-concussion. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of sex and HC use on outcomes following concussion among collegiate varsity athletes. We hypothesized that females would have longer length of recovery (LOR), and that peak symptom severity would be associated with longer LOR in both males and females. Among females, we hypothesized that non-HC users would have longer LOR and higher peak symptom severity than HC users. Ninety collegiate student-athletes were included in this study (40 males, 50 females; 24 HC users, 25 non-HC users). Demographic, injury, and recovery information was abstracted via retrospective record review. LOR was defined as days between injury and clearance for full return to play by team physician. Peak symptom severity score (Sport Concussion Assessment Tool [SCAT] 2 or 3) was used in analyses. Study results revealed that males had shorter LOR than females (F[1, 86] = 5.021, p < 0.05, d = 0.49), but had comparable symptom severity scores. Symptom severity was strongly related to LOR for males (r = 0.513, p < 0.01) but not females (r = -0.003, p > 0.05). Among females, non-HC users demonstrated higher symptom severity than HC users (F[1,47] = 5.142, p < 0.05, d = 0.70). No significant differences between female HC users and non-HC users on LOR were observed. This study provides evidence for differential concussion outcomes between male and female collegiate athletes and between HC users and nonusers among females.
Species of Hypomyces and Nectria Occurring on Discomycetes (1985)

Hypomyces papulasporae (synanamorphs = Papulaspora sp., Sibirina sp.), H. papulasporae var. americanus (synanamorphs = Papulaspora candida, Sibirina clavisedum), H. mycogones (anamorph = Mycogone-like) on Geoglossum spp. and Trichoglossum spp.; Hypomyces stephanomatis (synanamorphs = Stephanoma strigosum, Sibirina sp.) on the operculate discomycete Humaria hemisphaerica; Hypomyces leotiicola (synanamorphs = Sepedonium leotiarum, Sibirina sp.) on Leotia lubrica, and Nectria discophila (anamorph = ?Acremonium sp.) on Lachnum spp. are proposed. Nectria albidopilosa and N. discicola, occurring on unidentified, inoperculate Discomycetes, are also described. Hypomyces sepulcralis on soil and possibly on Peziza sp., and Nectria sepultariae, on Sepultaria arenicola, are redescribed. Stephanoma tetracoccum and its Sibirina-like synanamorph, both found on members of the Geoglossaceae, are illustrated and described briefly.
Capabilities of Biological Nitrogen Removal Processes from Wastewater (1991)

Biological denitrification of wastewater is a widespread technology for nitrogen removal from wastewater. Activated sludge technology is dominating over biofilm processes in practice. Recirculation and alternating processes are used to the same degree. The typical effluent quality that can be achieved on a long-term average is 4–10 mg/l of total nitrogen. Under certain circumstances effluent concentrations of 2–3 mg N/l can be obtained. Soluble organic nitrogen and nitrate are the dominating compounds in the effluent. Of these two, the soluble organic nitrogen content is difficult to control.
Creation and Validation of the Singing Voice Handicap Index (2007)

The SVHI is a reliable and valid tool for assessing self-perceived handicap associated with singing problems.
Sense Meets Nonsense: a dual-layer Danish speech corpus for perception studies (2012)

In this paper, we present the newly established Danish speech corpus PiTu. The corpus consists of recordings of 28 native Danish talkers (14 female and 14 male) each reproducing (i) a series of nonsense syllables, and (ii) a set of authentic natural language sentences. The speech corpus is tailored for investigating the relationship between early stages of the speech perceptual process and later stages. We present our considerations involved in preparing the experimental set-up, producing the anechoic recordings, compiling the data, and exploring the materials in linguistic research. We report on a small pilot experiment demonstrating how PiTu and similar speech corpora can be used in studies of prosody as a function of semantic content. The experiment addresses the issue of whether the governing principles of Danish prosody assignment is mainly talker-specific or mainly content-typical (under the specific experimental conditions).