gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Helical conformation of glucagon in surfactant solutions (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHelical conformation of glucagon in surfactant solutionsChuen-Shang C. Wu and Jen Tsi YangCite this: Biochemistry 1980, 19, 10, 2117–2122Publication Date (Print):May 13, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 13 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00551a019https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00551a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chemical Reaction between Colliding Vesicles (2001)

Eine organische Reaktion zwischen zwei Vesikeln, von denen das eine ein Nucleophil (blau), das andere ein Elektrophil (rot) trägt, wurde kinetisch untersucht (siehe Schema). Durch Vergleich mit Kontrollreaktionen wurde gezeigt, dass das Elektrophil beim Zusammenstoß der Vesikel übertragen wird und sich eine schnelle intravesikuläre Reaktion anschließt.
O turismo de observação de aves: um estudo de caso do município de Ubatuba/SP-Brasil (2010)

Neste início de século tem-se evidenciado o papel dos recursos\nendógenos na promoção do desenvolvimento local, com especial\ndestaque para a biodiversidade vinculada ao turismo e constituindo-se\nassim, uma actividade económica dinâmica e com grande potencial em\ntermos de sustentabilidade. Este trabalho pretende dar ênfase a um\nproduto específico do ecoturismo - observação de aves (birdwatching) -\nenquanto um segmento alternativo no contexto do desenvolvimento\neconómico e social de localidades com biodiversidade faunística\nendémica. Pretende-se abordar o fenómeno das espécies bandeira, como\nagregadoras de valor económico-ambiental quando utilizadas como\nsímbolos e propaganda. O método adoptado é o de estudo de caso, no\nmunicípio de Ubatuba/SP-Brasil, utilizando como fonte de dados\ndocumentos institucionais, artigos impressos, informação on-line e\nentrevistas. O resultado esperado é identificar o nicho do birdwatching\ncomo alternativo à alta sazonalidade do turismo de sol e praia.
Adsorption of NO on ordered mesoporous carbon and its improvement by cerium (2014)

Ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) was synthesized through a solvent evaporation-induced self-assembly method and used for NO adsorption. The structural properties, surface chemistry, and adsorption mechanism were investigated using nitrogen sorption, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and temperature programmed desorption of CO and CO2. Results showed that the ordered mesoporous structure was synthesized and remained stable after exposure to NO and O2. The NO adsorption capacity of OMC was 16.35 mg gcat−1, which was 7.5 times that of activated carbon. This finding may be due to the large surface area of OMC and the full use of its mesopores. Characterization results showed that monodentate nitrito (–O–NO) was the adsorbed species, and it originated from the adsorption of NO on the oxidized C(O) sites formed by the oxidation of active free Cf sites. In addition, cerium was introduced into OMC to further improve its NO adsorption capacity to 18.61 mg gcat−1. The redox cycle between Ce4+ and Ce3+, which can provide excess adsorbed oxygen atoms to react with Cf sites and generate C(O) sites, may be responsible for the improved adsorption capacity.
A 2.5-GHz 1-V high efficiency CMOS Class-E amplifier IC using back-gate voltage injection (2014)

In this paper, a fully integrated Class-E amplifier IC using back-gate voltage injection is designed, fabricated and fully evaluated in 0.18-µm CMOS technology. The body effect allows to achieve high efficiency under low supply voltage by efficiently controlling threshold voltage and on-resistance of switching transistor, simultaneously. The proposed amplifier IC has exhibited an output power of 11.0 dBm and a PAE of 30.5 % at 1-V supply voltage for 2.5 GHz applications.
Computational Study of Optimum and Off-design Performance of Checkerboard Liners (2004)

A hybrid search procedure is used to compare the optimum and off-design performance of uniform and equi-segmented (checkerboard) liners. The objective function for the checkerboard liner contains multiple local optima and is computationally expensivedue to the need to solve a large system of complex linear equations. The hybrid search procedure employs a genetic algorithm to identify promising regions of the design spaceand then switches to a local searchmethod to further resolvethese regionsto obtain the optimum point. A sparse solver with equation reordering is used to reduce computer memory and wall clock time for each function evaluation and the genetic algorithm is run in parallel on 100 CPUs to obtain additional reduction in wall clock time. The primary conclusion of the study is that an optimized checkerboard liner attenuates substantially more sound than an optimized uniform liner at a single, targeted frequency, and has a broader off-design performance. The checkerboardliner tends to be much more effective than the uniform liner at the higher frequencies.
New build or conversion? (2006)

Purpose This research aims to analyse the preferences within key groups for the conversion of existing buildings or the construction of new buildings for private residential purposes in Sheffield city centre. Design/methodology/approach A literature review analysed the factors which have increased in importance and influenced the choice between city centre private residential conversion and new build. Interviews with professionals including developers, planners and property agents, the key stakeholders and in this case, practitioners within Sheffield, examined the sustainability, technical and financial issues in the residential property development. Findings The results revealed that developers preferred new build for city centre private residential development. Though the urban planners of Sheffield had no preferences, they encouraged the reuse of buildings, but due to a scarcity of suitable redundant buildings for conversion it is inevitable that the city will see new build on the cityscape in future. Practical implications As the housing market loses the impetus of recent years the predictions made in this paper will provide useful advice to property developers in avoiding costly investment mistakes. Originality/value This study provides a case study upon which to base similar studies of residential urban regeneration projects in other locations.
Characterization of Structural Vibration and Acoustic Radiation with a Beam-Array Doppler Vibrometer (2020)

This paper discusses the operational principles of an assembly of two opto-electronic modules with their configurations based on a Laser-Array Doppler Vibrometer (LADV) and a Shack-Hartmann Wavefront Sensor (SHWFS). Both sensors can operate concurrently providing complementary data. While the SHWFS is a well-established system that enables low-bandwidth spatio-temporal characterization of aerodynamic turbulence, the LADV technology allows real-time detection of structural vibrations and associated acoustic radiation fields. Practical examples are shown of the instruments’ capabilities, focusing on the ability to simultaneously capture, visualize and quantitatively characterize full-field non-stationary structural dynamics and unsteady sound fields or transient flow fields around ground test facility airframe models or other structures of interest. The parallel multi-channel architecture of the LADV system enables synchronous detection and temporal correlation of indicators related to the spatio-temporal vibration of the structure under inspection. This unique feature is essential for real time detection and categorization of the structural and acoustic dynamics of transient events. For the present study, the LADV data have been successfully compared with measurements obtained with the SHWFS in the wake of a subsonic scale-model airfoil. The ability of the LADV-SHWFS coupled measurements to perform real time non-intrusive evaluation and characterization of dynamic processes at operationally relevant bandwidths should provide a deeper insight into the complex structural dynamics that contribute to radiated sound fields.
Identification of ambiguities in the 1994 chronic fatigue syndrome research case definition and recommendations for resolution (2003)

This paper provides an approach to guide systematic, and hopefully reproducible, application of the current case definition, so that case ascertainment would be more uniform across sites. Ultimately, an operational CFS case definition will need to be based on empirical studies designed to delineate the possibly distinct biological pathways that result in chronic fatigue.
A Matlab based GUI Application in Hydro seismicity of the Koyna Warna Region, India (2012)

Hydroseismicity was proposed to explain the occurrence of intraplate earthquakes in regions. Koyna -Warna region one of the reservoir triggered seismicity zone in India, which is an example of intraplate earthquake region. The seismicity is continuing after 45 years of impoundment of the Koyna reservoir in 1961 and 25 years of impoundment of Warna reservoir in 1985. The excess of previous maximum water level, the annual rise of water level in the reservoirs and filling rate of these reservoirs are some of the important factors in increasing the pore pressure. In this study, we used the daily changes in the water levels in both the reservoirs and calculated the pore pressure from starting of the impoundment of the reservoir up to 2008. We also studied the pore pressure changes with depth for various values of hydraulic diffusivity. An automatic formulation has been developed in Matlab for computing and plotting the pore pressure history.
Enol lactone inhibitors of serine proteases. The effect of regiochemistry on the inactivation behavior of phenyl-substituted (halomethylene)tetra- and dihydrofuranones and tetrahydropyranones toward .alpha.-chymotrypsin: stable acyl enzyme intermediate (1986)

We have found that alpha-aryl-substituted halo enol lactones (I and II) are effective mechanism-based inactivators for chymotrypsin. In this study, we have investigated, for comparative purposes, halo enol lactones with aryl functions situated beta and gamma to the lactone carbonyl group. We synthesized 4-phenyl-5(E)-(iodomethylidene)tetrahydro-2-furanone (1), 4-phenyl-5(E)-(iodomethylidene)dihydro-2-furanone (2), 4-phenyl-6(E)-(iodomethylidene)tetrahydro-2-pyranone (3), and 5-phenyl-6(E)-(iodomethylidene)tetrahydro-2-pyranone (4), using a halolactonization reaction to convert the appropriate phenyl-substituted acetylenic acid precursor into the corresponding 5(E)-(halomethylidene)furanone and 6(E)-(halomethylidene)pyranone system. The 4-phenylfuranone (1 and 2) and the 5-phenylpyranone (4) proved to be only reversible, competitive inhibitors. By contrast, the 4-phenyltetrahydropyranone (3) inactivated alpha-chymotrypsin in a time-dependent manner. This inactivation was very rapid but reversible, with regeneration of enzyme activity being spontaneous and hydrazine-accelerated, suggestive of the intermediacy of a stable acyl enzyme. Kinetic comparison of the iodomethylene lactone 3 with the corresponding protio lactone 25 indicates that the iodine accelerates the rate of chymotrypsin acylation but produces an acyl enzyme that is more hydrolytically labile than that formed from lactone 25. From the results of this study, we conclude that a phenyl group situated at C-3 (alpha to the lactone carbonyl group) in both the 5(E)-(iodomethylidene)tetrahydro-2-furanone (I) and 6(E)-(iodomethylidene)tetrahydro-2-pyranone (II) series is essential for their activity as mechanism-based irreversible inactivators of chymotrypsin. The corresponding beta-aryl-substituted lactones, by contrast, are potent acylating agents that lead to acyl enzymes of high stability.
Efficacy of QR678 Neo® hair growth factor formulation for the treatment of hair loss in Covid‐19‐induced persistent Telogen Effluvium—A prospective, clinical, single‐blind study (2021)

Management of Covid-19-induced persistent Telogen Effluvium has been unclear and futile so far. Intra-dermal administration of QR678 Neo<sup>®</sup> hair growth factor formulation in the scalp, reduces hair fall, improves hair regrowth, and increases the hair density.
Efficacy of (-)-9-[4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)butyl]guanine in African green monkeys infected with simian varicella virus (1993)

(-)-9-[4-Hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)butyl]guanine was evaluated for its efficacy in African green monkeys infected with simian varicella virus. Treatment by intramuscular injection was initiated 48 h after virus inoculation and was continued for 10 days; the treatment showed therapeutic effects on rash and viremia at dosages down to 1 mg/kg of body weight per day.
Violation of Bell's inequality with a quantum dot in a tapered nanowire waveguide (2015)

We present a bright and directional polarization-entangled photon-pair source generated by a photonic nanostructure that violates Bell's inequality. The solid-state quantum light source is an InAsP quantum dot in a tapered InP nanowire waveguide. Utilizing quasi-resonant excitation at the wurtzite InP nanowire resonance reduces multi-photon emission resulting in an entanglement fidelity of $F=0.835\,\pm\,0.004$ without temporal post-selection. The performed Bell test using the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality reveals clear violation ($S_{\text{CHSH}}>2$) of the local hidden variable theory by 3.5 standard deviations and highlights the possible application in source-independent quantum key distribution.
Better together: synergy in nanocellulose blends (2017)

Cellulose nanopapers have gained significant attention in recent years as large-scale reinforcement for high-loading cellulose nanocomposites, substrates for printed electronics and filter nanopapers for water treatment. The mechanical properties of nanopapers are of fundamental importance for all these applications. Cellulose nanopapers can simply be prepared by filtering a suspension of nanocellulose, followed by heat consolidation. It was already demonstrated that the mechanical properties of cellulose nanopapers can be tailored by the fineness of the fibrils used or by modifying nanocellulose fibrils for instance by polymer adsorption, but nanocellulose blends remain underexplored. In this work, we show that the mechanical and physical properties of cellulose nanopapers can be tuned by creating nanopapers from blends of various grades of nanocellulose, i.e. (mechanically refined) bacterial cellulose or cellulose nanofibrils extracted from never-dried bleached softwood pulp by chemical and mechanical pre-treatments. We found that nanopapers made from blends of two or three nanocellulose grades show synergistic effects resulting in improved stiffness, strength, ductility, toughness and physical properties.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'New horizons for cellulose nanotechnology'.
DESIGN AGAINST COLLISION FOR OFFSHORE STRUCTURES (1983)

The main objective of this project was to develop a set of procedures and recommendations regarding the design of steel offshore structures so as to limit the extent of damage arising from accidental collisions. In order to achieve this main objective the following steps were taken: (1) development of an analytical theory for predicting the energy absorbing capability of typical steel tubular members of offshore structures (FY 81/82); (2) study and derivation of the structural layouts and the combination of structural parameters that can provide the best overall energy absorbing capability for the structure (FY 82); and (3) development of an appropriate fender systems for the protection of offshore installations (FY 83). In this paper, the force deflection curve for a rigid-plastic circular cylinder subjected to transverse loading applied by a sharp wedge is derived following an energy approach. A local deformation field is assumed and global deformation of the cylinder acting as a beam is neglected. The concept of the moving hinge with no slope discontinuity is used. The effects of the global deformation of the cylinder are then taken into consideration, and the overall force-deflection curve of the member acting as a beam is calculated. The above obtained force-deflection curve, in combination with the equivalent curve for a ship's bow, and also the foundation stiffness of a platform are used as spring data for a simplified two-mass dynamic model with linear and nonlinear springs. This model is then used to determine numerically the plastic deformation on one platform member (leg or brace) due to a collision with a ship. Finally, a method is outlined for a cost-benefit analysis of a minor collison vs. strength of a platform, using probabilistic data on the risk of such a collison, and the platform's damage calculation method presented above.
Quantitative imaging of stray fields and magnetization distributions in hard magnetic element arrays (2007)

In order to determine magnetic stray field and magnetization distributions of thin magnetic patterns and arrays, we developed a new quantitative imaging technique based on magneto-optical indicator films (MOIF) combined with inverse magnetostatic methods. The method is applied to hard magnetic FePt and PrCo5 films which exhibit out-of-plane and in-plane easy magnetization axes, respectively. The films are patterned with standard electron beam lithography into square shaped elements with sizes between 10 μm and 500 nm. The magnetization values obtained from the MOIF method are compared to those of integral magnetometer measurements and show a good agreement, if the sensor properties are taken into account, properly. As an outlook, a concept for combining MOIF imaging with magnetic force microscopy is demonstrated which allows for quantitative magnetization imaging with a resolution down to 10 nm.
Bayesian Inference with Error Variable Splitting and Sparsity Enforcing Priors for Linear Inverse Problems (2018)

Regularization and Bayesian inference based methods have been successfully applied for linear inverse problems. In these methods, often simple Gaussian or Poisson models for the forward model errors have been considered. In this work, we use variable splitting for the errors to model different sources of errors and their possible non-stationarity or impulsive nature using Student-t or other heavy tailed distributions. Also, as a prior model, a sparsity enforcing hierarchical model of Infinite Gaussian Mixture model is introduced. With these prior models, we obtain a complete Bayesian inference framework which can efficiently be implemented for any linear inverse problem. Interestingly, many recent regularization-based algorithms such as Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) as well as more classical Bayesian based methods such as Sparse Bayesian Learning (SBL) are obtained as particular cases. One advantage of the Bayesian approach is the possibility to estimate, jointly with the reconstruction, the hyper-parameters such as the regularization parameter, thus the capability of proposing unsupervised methods. Examples of implementation of the proposed method in different signal and image processing such as deconvolution in mass spectrometry, estimation of periodic components estimation in biological signals and computed tomography are mentioned and referenced.
Isotopic Enrichment of Plasma Exhausts from Controlled Thermonuclear Reactors by Cryogenic Distillation (1977)

Isotopic enrichment of the spent fuels from deuterium-tritium (D-T)-burning tokamak-type power reactors is an essential processing step in the reactor fuel cycle. Analysis of cryogenic distillation as a method for accomplishing this enrichment was carried out using computer methods to simulate the required multicomponent separation of the six isotopomeric forms of molecular hydrogen. The application of matrix inversion techniques (as opposed to iterative methods) resulted in rapid convergence even for simultaneous analyses of multicolumn configurations having a wide range of input and output conditions. Two distinctly different fuel cycle scenarios were studied:1. 90% cold fuel injection at a T/D ratio of ≃1.1 accompanied by neutral beam injection of deuterons (D°) comprising the remaining 10% of the delivered fuel total fueling by injection of equal atomic fractions of neutral tritons (T°) and neutral deuterons (D°).2. A cascade design with four to six columns (containing ∼200 total theoretical stages) and one equilibrator (in the top section of the cascade) can adequately meet the enrichment requirements for case 1. The case 2 requirements can be met with five columns and two equilibrators. In general, it was found that separation of the isotopomeric species of hydrogen can be carried out to any degree of purity by judicious selection of (a) the design and operating parameters and (b) the number of distillation columns, appropriately interspersed with chemical equilibrators.
Ten inch Planar Optic Display (1996)

A Planar Optic Display (POD) is being built and tested for suitability as a high brightness replacement for the cathode ray tube, (CRT). The POD display technology utilizes a laminated optical waveguide structure which allows a projection type of display to be constructed in a thin (I to 2 inch) housing. Inherent in the optical waveguide is a black cladding matrix which gives the display a black appearance leading to very high contrast. A Digital Micromirror Device, (DMD) from Texas Instruments is used to create video images in conjunction with a 100 milliwatt green solid state laser. An anamorphic optical system is used to inject light into the POD to form a stigmatic image. In addition to the design of the POD screen, we discuss: image formation, image projection, and optical design constraints.