gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Die Expression der Aurora Kinase A korreliert mit dem Wnt-Modulator RACGAP1 im Magenkarzinom (2015)

Einleitung: Sowohl die Aurora Kinase A (AURKA) als auch Wnt-abhängige Signalkaskaden sind an der Magenkarzinogenese beteiligt. Ziel dieser Studie war, eine direkte Verbindung beider Signalwege nachzuweisen.
The Effects of Some Structural Variations on the Biodegradability of Step-Growth Polymers (1978)

Many new step-growth polymers containing one or more types of linkages such as amide, ester, urea, and methanes were biodegradable by fungi and enzymes. Suitable substituents, combinations of hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments and long repeating units, contribute to the increase of biodegradability of the polymers. The presence of hydrolyzable linkages and conformational flexibility are some of the important requirements for biodegradability.
A fast algorithm for computing the Euler number of an image and its VLSI implementation (2002)

Euler number is a fundamental topological feature of an image. In this paper, a novel algorithm for computing the Euler number of a binary image based on divide-and-conquer paradigm, is proposed, which outperforms significantly the conventional techniques used in image processing tools. The algorithm can be easily parallelized for computing the Euler number of an N/spl times/N image in O(N) time, with O(N) processors. Using a simple architecture, the proposed method can be implemented as a special purpose VLSI chip.
Complications and features after joint surgery in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with tumour necrosis factor- blockers: perioperative interruption of tumour necrosis factor- blockers decreases complications? (2009)

These data suggest that the use of TNF blockers is a likely cause of SSI and DVT development in RA patients following major orthopaedic surgery.
Fast Parallel I/O on Cluster Computers (2003)

Today's cluster computers suffer from slow I/O, which slows down I/O-intensive applications. We show that fast disk I/O can be achieved by operating a parallel file system over fast networks such as Myrinet or Gigabit Ethernet. In this paper, we demonstrate how the ParaStation3 communication system helps speed-up the performance of parallel I/O on clusters using the open source parallel virtual file system (PVFS) as testbed and production system. We will describe the set-up of PVFS on the Alpha-Linux-Cluster-Engine (ALiCE) located at Wuppertal University, Germany. Benchmarks on ALiCE achieve write-performances of up to 1 GB/s from a 32-processor compute-partition to a 32-processor PVFS I/O-partition, outperforming known benchmark results for PVFS on the same network by more than a factor of 2. Read-performance from buffer-cache reaches up to 2.2 GB/s. Our benchmarks are giant, I/O-intensive eigenmode problems from lattice quantum chromodynamics, demonstrating stability and performance of PVFS over Parastation in large-scale production runs.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Perfluoroalkenylation by Carbonyl Group Directed C—H Bond Activation. (2015)

Abstract A broad spectrum of substrates bearing a cyclic or acyclic keto function can be used in the title reaction with esters (II), (VII), and (XVIII).
Remote Regiocontrol by a Thioether Group in Diels−Alder Reactions of Naphthazarin:  Regioselective Access to Tetracyclic Polyhydroxyquinones (1996)

The synthesis of tetracyclic polyhydroxyquinones 5a and 5b was achieved through a sequence involving two Diels-Alder reactions with 1-methoxy-1,3-cyclohexadiene: the first with 2-(p-tolylthio)naphthazarin and the second on the resulting tricyclic derivative previously transformed into a (p-tolylsulfinyl)naphthazarin. The success of this strategy stemmed from the efficient remote regiocontrol exerted by the thioether substituent in the first step.
Cloning and induction by low NaCl intake of avian intestine Na+ channel subunits (1997)

The alpha-subunit of the highly Na(+)-selective amiloride-blockable channel (ENaC) was cloned from chicken lower intestine. The deduced amino acid sequence of the avian clone exhibits -60% identity to the previously cloned mammalian and amphibian alpha-subunits. It also maintains the same hydropathy profile and structural motifs. These include two transmembrane domains separated by a large extracellular loop, four extracellular N-glycosylation sites, a cysteine-rich box in the extracellular domain, and a proline-rich stretch at the carboxy terminus. Xenopus oocytes injected with cRNA transcribed from this clone express a small amiloride-blockable Na+ conductance. Degenerate primers have been used to amplify two other related products. Sequence homology indicates that one of them is the beta-subunit, whereas the other appears to represent a closely related but different transcript. Regulation of the mRNA corresponding to these clones was examined in chickens fed normal and low-NaCl rations. The low-salt diet evoked an approximately fourfold increase in the abundance of mRNA coding for the alpha-subunit, presumably through an increase in plasma aldosterone. The beta- and "beta-like" transcripts were even more strongly affected. The current data provide additional information on sequence conservation in the growing ENaC family and demonstrate that the avian intestine channel is strongly induced by varying NaCl intake.
Reconstitution of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma–Type EBV Infection Induces Tumorigenicity (2008)

Several reports have shown that the EBV-encoded BARF1 gene has oncogenic activity. We have recently reported that BARF1 is expressed as a latent gene in most nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC), suggesting that BARF1 may have an important role in NPC oncogenesis. However, we found that when the NPC-derived EBV-negative cell lines, HONE-1 and CNE-1, were infected with EBV in vitro, BARF1 was not expressed, although the expression of other latent genes was identical to that of NPC tumors. Therefore, we generated a recombinant EBV (rEBV) carrying the BARF1 gene (BARF1-rEBV) under the SV40 promoter to reconstitute the NPC-type EBV infection. NPC-derived EBV-negative cell lines were stably infected with either a wild-type rEBV (wild-rEBV) or BARF1-rEBV. The resultant BARF1-rEBV-infected NPC cell clones represented NPC-type EBV expression, and BARF1 expression was similar to that observed in NPC tissues. BARF1-rEBV-infected cell clones grew to a higher cell density and were more resistant to apoptosis than wild-rEBV-infected counterparts. BARF1 protein was quickly secreted into the culture medium, and secreted BARF1 contributed to the increase of cell densities in NPC cells, but it had no effect on resistance to apoptosis. Furthermore, BARF1-rEBV-infected cell clones became tumorigenic in nude mice. These results suggest that BARF1 plays an important role in NPC development.
A Proof of Turyn's Conjecture: Nonexistence of Circulant Hadamard Matrices for Order Greater than Four (2016)

Biphase periodic sequences having elements +1 or -1 with the two-level autocorrelation function are desirable in communications and radars. However, in case of the biphase orthogonal periodic sequences, Turyn has conjectured that there exist only sequences with period 4, i.e., there exist the circulant Hadamard matrices for order 4 only. In this paper, it is described that the conjecture is proved to be true by means of the isomorphic mapping, the Chinese remainder theorem, the linear algebra, etc.
Coherent Spatiotemporal Filtering, Upsampling and Rendering of RGBZ Videos (2012)

Abstract Sophisticated video processing effects require both image and geometry information. We explore the possibility to augment a video camera with a recent infrared time‐of‐flight depth camera, to capture high‐resolution RGB and low‐resolution, noisy depth at video frame rates. To turn such a setup into a practical RGBZ video camera, we develop efficient data filtering techniques that are tailored to the noise characteristics of IR depth cameras. We first remove typical artefacts in the RGBZ data and then apply an efficient spatiotemporal denoising and upsampling scheme. This allows us to record temporally coherent RGBZ videos at interactive frame rates and to use them to render a variety of effects in unprecedented quality. We show effects such as video relighting, geometry‐based abstraction and stylisation, background segmentation and rendering in stereoscopic 3D.
Multilayers For X-Ray Optics (1986)

Soon after the discovery of x rays and their property of constructive interference scattering (diffraction) by solids resulting from the ordered array of atoms forming the solids, it was proposed that man-made (synthetic) layered structures might extend the range of utility of this phenomenon into spectral domains not accessible using naturally occurring crystalline materials. The synthesis of such layered materials has been of research interest since the 1920s, and in the past decade processes for the formation of multilayer structures of sufficient quality for x-ray optic applications have been developed. In this paper a brief review of the history of this work is given. The development of effective synthesis processes is then considered and current approaches summarized. The current status of the field of multilayer x-ray optics is then discussed, with emphasis on figured structures. Current limitations and the potential for both technological and scientific advances are then considered.
Low Dose Dextran 40 in Reconstructive Hip Surgery Patients (1989)

Preoperative and postoperative bilateral lower extremity venography was used to evaluate the efficacy of low dose dextran 40 in prophylaxis of deep venous thrombosis in reconstructive hip surgery patients. Patients were given dextran 40 at 50 cc/hr, with 250 cc given perioperatively and 500 cc given on postoperative days two and four. Five of 227 patients had positive venograms preoperatively. Of these 227 patients, 179 met protocol requirements and had venography postoperatively. Venous thrombosis occurred in 33 (18%) of those studied postoperatively. Of these, 11 were calf clots without extension to the popliteal region. Therefore, there were 22 patients (12%) with femoral or popliteal involvement overall. There were two deaths, neither of which was secondary to pulmonary embolus or a complication of dextran. There were two wound complications. These results suggest that low dose dextran 40 administered as indicated is a safe and efficacious means of deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis in reconstructive hip surgery patients.
Terahertz reflection interferometry for automobile paint layer thickness measurement (2015)

Non-destructive terahertz reflection interferometry offers many advantages for sub-surface inspection such as interrogation of hidden defects and measurement of layers’ thicknesses. Here, we describe a terahertz reflection interferometry (TRI) technique for non-contact measurement of paint panels where the paint is comprised of different layers of primer, basecoat, topcoat and clearcoat. Terahertz interferograms were generated by reflection from different layers of paints on a metallic substrate. These interferograms’ peak spacing arising from the delay-time response of respective layers, allow one to model the thicknesses of the constituent layers. Interferograms generated at different incident angles show that the interferograms are more pronounced at certain angles than others. This “optimum” angle is also a function of different paint and substrate combinations. An automated angular scanning algorithm helps visualizing the evolution of the interferograms as a function of incident angle and also enables the identification of optimum reflection angle for a given paint-substrate combination. Additionally, scanning at different points on a substrate reveals that there are observable variations from one point to another of the same sample over its entire surface area. This ability may be used as a quality control tool for in-situ inspection in a production line. Keywords: Terahertz reflective interferometry, Paint and coating layers, Non-destructive
Regulation of myelination: Axons not required for the biosynthesis of basal levels of the major myelin glycoprotein by schwann cells in denervated distal segments of the adult cat sciatic nerve (1985)

The adult cat sciatic nerve was examined for Schwann cell biosynthesis of the major myelin glycoprotein (P0) in the distal segments after permanent nerve transection, where there is no axonal regeneration or myelin assembly. Endoneurial slices (intrafascicular tissue) from the distal segment of the desheathed cat sciatic nerves at 10 wk after transection and from normal adult desheathed brachial nerves were incubated with radioactive mannose; [3H]mannose incorporation into P0 was observed by fluorography after sodium dodecyl sulphate-pore gradient electrophoresis (SDS-PGE). Analysis of immune precipitates by SDS-PGE after incubation of an aliquot of an endoneurial fraction with rabbit antichick P0 gamma globulin verified that the [3H]mannose-labeled glycoprotein was P0. The level of incorporation of [3H]mannose into P0 and into other endoneurial glycoproteins in the normal brachial nerve from the adult cat was at substantially reduced levels compared with the transected nerve. Such incorporation was detectable by fluorography only after prolonged exposure to X-ray film (15 days). As a result, the level of biosynthesis of P0 in the normal adult cat is substantially reduced, suggesting that the extent of active myelination in the adult cat nerve is at a low level. Furthermore, Schwann cells are capable of continued synthesis of P0 in the adult, permanently transected nerve in the absence of axonal influence, suggesting that axonal association is not an absolute requirement for specifying myelin protein synthesis.
SIDE‐EFFECTS OF ORAL IRON THERAPY A double‐blind study of different iron compounds in tablet form. (1966)

SUMMARY Using a double‐blind and placebo technics, the side‐effects of tablets containing different iron compounds were compared in 1496 subjects. Three separate series, all of which included placebo and ferrous sulphate tablets were studied. The agreement between the results obtained in different series was very good. Ferrous sulphate, ferrous gluconate, ferrous fumarate, and ferrous glycine sulphate had almost the same incidence and type of side‐effects. The incidence was significantly higher than when placebo tablets were given.
Chromatic Dispersion Estimation in Digital Coherent Receivers (2011)

Polarization-diverse coherent demodulation allows to compensate large values of accumulated linear distortion by digital signal processing. In particular, in uncompensated links without optical dispersion compensation, the parameter of the residual chromatic dispersion (CD) is vital to set the according digital filtering function. We present different non-data-aided (blind) CD estimation methods for single-carrier transmission under implementation constraint conditions such as bandwidth limitation and sampling rate. The estimation performance for various modulation formats is compared with respect to precision and robustness for a wide range of combined channel impairments.
Tear deficiency in Fuchs' intermediate uveitis. (1996)

The presence of tear anomalies only in the affected eye of patients with Fuchs' heterochromic uveitis suggests a link between Fuchs' uveitis and tear deficiency.
Add-drop Microring Resonator for Electro-optical Switching and Optical Power Monitoring (2014)

Microring based silicon depletion modulators with high extinction ratios (&gt;25dB) are used for high frequency modulation and as resonant photodetectors at 1340nm (O-band). Photocurrent and power enhancement are investigated for mircorings with different Q-factors.
Novel, Tunable, and Efficient Chiral Bisdihydrobenzooxaphosphole Ligands for Asymmetric Hydrogenation (2009)

A series of novel, efficient, air-stable, and tunable chiral bisdihydrobenzooxaphosphole ligands (BIBOPs) were developed for rhodium-catalyzed hydrogenations of various functionalized olefins such as alpha-arylenamides, alpha-(acylamino)acrylic acid derivatives, beta-(acylamino)acrylates, and dimethyl itaconate with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee) and reactivities (up to 2000 TON).
Dynamics of Charged Complex Molecules in Aqueous Solution (2022)

The results of theoretical modeling of the dynamics of a charged large molecule in an aqueous solution under the influence of gravity, vertical electric field, and drag force are presented. Computations were carried out for the DNA molecule. It is shown that one can smoothly control the speed of movement of a molecule by an electric field so that it is possible to carry out accurate sequencing by the tunneling current method. It was also shown that the speed of movement of a molecule can be reduced to some decimal cm/s, which is equivalent to sequencing 105–106 nucleoids per second.
General topology optimization method with continuous and discrete orientation design using isoparametric projection (2014)

Summary A general topology optimization method, which is capable of simultaneous design of density and orientation of anisotropic material, is proposed by introducing orientation design variables in addition to the density design variable. In this work, the Cartesian components of the orientation vector are utilized as the orientation design variables. The proposed method supports continuous orientation design, which is out of the scope of discrete material optimization approaches, as well as design using discrete angle sets. The advantage of this approach is that vector element representation is less likely to fail into local optima because it depends less on designs of former steps, especially compared with using the angle as a design variable (Continuous Fiber Angle Optimization) by providing a flexible path from one angle to another with relaxation of orientation design space. An additional advantage is that it is compatible with various projection or filtering methods such as sensitivity filters and density filters because it is free from unphysical bound or discontinuity such as the one at θ = 2 π and θ = 0 seen with direct angle representation. One complication of Cartesian component representation is the point‐wise quadratic bound of the design variables; that is, each pair of element values has to reside in a given circular bound. To overcome this issue, we propose an isoparametric projection method, which transforms box bounds into circular bounds by a coordinate transformation with isoparametric shape functions without having the singular point that is seen at the origin with polar coordinate representation. A new topology optimization method is built by taking advantage of the aforementioned features and modern topology optimization techniques. Several numerical examples are provided to demonstrate its capability. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Rat Embryo Fibroblasts Immortalized with Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen Undergo Senescence upon Its Inactivation (1996)

Introduction of simian virus 40 T antigen into rodent fibroblasts gives rise to cells that can proliferate indefinitely but are dependent upon it for maintenance of their growth once the normal mitotic life span has elapsed. Inactivation of T antigen in these immortalized cells causes rapid and irreversible cessation of growth. To determine whether this growth arrest is associated with entry into senescence, we have undertaken a genetic and biological analysis of conditionally immortal (tsa) cell lines derived by immortalizing rat embryo fibroblasts with the thermolabile tsA58 T antigen. This analysis has identified the following parallels between the tsa cells after inactivation of T antigen and senescent rat embryo fibroblasts: (i) growth arrest is irreversible; (ii) it occurs in G1 as well as G2; (iii) the G1 block can be partially overcome by stimulation with 20% fetal calf serum, but the G2 block cannot be overcome; (iv) 20% fetal calf serum induces c-fos, but c-myc is unaltered; and (v) fibronectin and p21(Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1) are upregulated upon growth arrest. These results suggest that T-antigen-immortalized fibroblasts are committed to undergo senescence but are prevented from undergoing this process by T antigen. Inactivation of T antigen removes this block and results in senescence of the cells. Thus, these cell lines may represent a powerful system for study of the molecular basis of entry into senescence.
Joins on encoded and partitioned data (2014)

Compression has historically been used to reduce the cost of storage, I/Os from that storage, and buffer pool utilization, at the expense of the CPU required to decompress data every time it is queried. However, significant additional CPU efficiencies can be achieved by deferring decompression as late in query processing as possible and performing query processing operations directly on the still-compressed data. In this paper, we investigate the benefits and challenges of performing joins on compressed (or encoded) data. We demonstrate the benefit of independently optimizing the compression scheme of each join column, even though join predicates relating values from multiple columns may require translation of the encoding of one join column into the encoding of the other. We also show the benefit of compressing "payload" data other than the join columns "on the fly," to minimize the size of hash tables used in the join. By partitioning the domain of each column and defining separate dictionaries for each partition, we can achieve even better overall compression as well as increased flexibility in dealing with new values introduced by updates. Instead of decompressing both join columns participating in a join to resolve their different compression schemes, our system performs a light-weight mapping of only qualifying rows from one of the join columns to the encoding space of the other at run time. Consequently, join predicates can be applied directly on the compressed data. We call this procedure encoding translation. Two alternatives of encoding translation are developed and compared in the paper. We provide a comprehensive evaluation of these alternatives using product implementations of each on the TPC-H data set, and demonstrate that performing joins on encoded and partitioned data achieves both superior performance and excellent compression.
Bidirectional Defibrillation Using Implantable Defibrillators: A Prospective Randomized Comparison Between Pectoral and Abdominal Active Generators (2001)

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of active abdominal and pectoral generator positions on DFTs in a bidirectional tripolar ICD system. Twenty-five consecutive patients had ICD systems implanted under general anesthesia. A transvenous single lead bipolar defibrillation system and an active 57-cc test emulator in the abdominal and pectoral positions were used in the same patient. A randomized, alternating step-down protocol was used starting at 15 J with 3-J decrements until failure. The mean implantation time was 114 +/- 23 minutes, the mean arrhythmia duration was 14.5 +/- 1.5 seconds, and the mean recovery time was 5.4 +/- 1.1 minutes. The mean DFTs in the abdominal and pectoral positions were 10.9 +/- 5.1 and 9.7 +/- 5.2 J, respectively (NS), the mean intraindividual DFT difference (abdominal minus pectoral) was -0.89 +/- 4.15 J (range -9.5 to 8 J). The 95% confidence interval showed a -2.60 to +0.82 J mean difference (NS). The DFT was < 15 J in 72% and 88% of the patients and the defibrillation impedance was 41 +/- 3 and 44 +/- 3 omega, abdominal versus pectoral positions. There was no difference in DFT between active abdominal and pectoral generator bidirectional tripolar defibrillation. The pectoral position may be considered the primary option, but in cases of high DFTs the abdominal site should be considered an alternative to adding a subcutaneous patch. In some patients, the anatomy may favor an abdominal position. Possible differences in the long-term functionality on the leads are not yet well known and need to be further evaluated.