gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimisation of Permanent Magnet Machine Topologies Suitable for Solar Powered Aircraft (2018)

Electrification of aircraft has become a hot topic in recent years both in civil aviation and unmanned aerial vehicles. The latter domain is gaining in popularity for its high altitude applications, particularly for bringing widespread internet coverage. This paper presents the work done on the optimisation of different types and topologies of permanent magnet electrical machines that can be considered as the main contenders for such application. These topologies consist of both laminated steel core and airgap winding machines. Instead of copper, compressed aluminium windings were considered which will help in reducing the overall mass of the stator. All the topologies were simulated both under take-off and cruise condition. Each machine had to fulfil a certain thermal constraint (current density) before being simulated at cruise condition in order to find the objective function of the final design. The best topology was chosen based on high efficiency in cruise condition with reduced mass.
Mapping components of flour and noodle colour in Australian wheat (2001)

Flour and noodle colour influence the value of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) and are obvious targets for breeders seeking to improve quality, end-product range, and marketability of wheat. The objective of this investigation was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with flour and noodle colour traits and with individual components of colour. One hundred and sixty-three doubled haploid lines derived from Sunco Tasman, white-grained, prime hard, and hard wheats adapted to the north-eastern region of Australia were used for the bulk of this study and were supplemented by doubled haploid populations derived from CD87 Katepwa and Cranbrook Halberd for comparisons of flour colour. Samples of Sunco Tasman, together with parental lines, were grown at Narrabri, NSW, in 1998 and 1999 and at Roma, Qld, in 1998 and used for visible light reflectance measurements of flour brightness (CIE L*) and yellowness (CIE b*), and white salted noodle (WSN) and yellow alkaline noodle (YAN) brightness, yellowness, and colour stability. Xanthophyll content and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity were measured spectrophotometrically. No consistent QTLs were identified for flour L* or initial L* of WSN and YAN. Xanthophyll content was very strongly associated with QTLs located on chromosomes 3B and 7A and these QTLs also had a major influence on flour b*, WSN b*, and YAN b*. Noodle brightness at 2, 24, and 48 h and the magnitude of change in noodle L* and b* with time were affected by QTLs on 2D, contributed by Tasman, and, to a lesser degree, 2A. The QTL on 2D was clearly associated with control of grain PPO, an enzyme implicated in darkening of Asian style noodles. QTLs located on 2B, 4B, and 5B and associated with control of grain size or flour protein content also appeared to influence a number of colour traits.
Image filter design for fingerprint enhancement (2002)

Fingerprint filter design and a method of enhancing fingerprint image are discussed. Two distinct filters in the Fourier domain are designed, a frequency filter corresponding to ridge frequencies and a direction filter corresponding to ridge directions on the basis of fingerprint ridge properties. An energy function for selecting image features, i.e. frequencies and directions, is defined by intensities of images obtained with the above filters and a measure of smoothness of the features. Using the image features which minimize the energy function, an enhanced image is produced from the filtered images. This image enhancement method is applied to fingerprint matching. In experiments with rolled prints, it is shown that the matching error rate is reduced by about two-thirds compared with Asai's method.
Oxidatively assisted nucleophilic substitution of iodine in alkyl iodides by nucleofugic anions (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidatively assisted nucleophilic substitution of iodine in alkyl iodides by nucleofugic anionsN. S. Zefirov, V. V. Zhdankin, G. V. Makhon'kova, Yu. V. Dan'kov, and A. S. Koz'minCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 11, 1872–1876Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00211a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00211a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views721Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Physical Characteristics and Clinical Evaluation of a New Disposable Fibreoptic Transducer-Tipped Catheter System (1987)

A new disposable fibreoptic transducer-tipped catheter manometer system was evaluated to assess its accuracy, stability of accuracy under prolonged simulated intra-arterial conditions, and dynamic characteristics. Maximum errors observed in the measurement of static pressure using a sample of five catheters (with one display unit) were 2 mmHg at 0 mmHg reference pressure, 2 at 20 mmHg, 4 at 40 mmHg, 4 at 100 mmHg and 9 at 200 mmHg. An immersion artifact caused a shift in baseline of up to 2 mmHg. Exposure of the transducer to 24 hours of simulated intra-arterial conditions (pulsatile pressure at 40 degrees C) resulted in errors of up to 7 mmHg for pressures up to 100 mmHg, and 11 mmHg for 200 mmHg, which were largely attributable to a drift in baseline pressure (up 6 mmHg by 24 hours). Consistent overestimation by the system suggested inappropriate gain setting within the display unit which, however, is not user-adjustable. The system exhibited uniform frequency response up to 33 Hz.
F‐18‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography leading to a diagnosis of septic thrombophlebitis of the portal vein: description of a case history and review of the literature (2004)

Pylephlebitis or septic thrombophlebitis of the portal vein is a serious infectious disorder. Early diagnosis is difficult, due to nonspecific symptoms and signs, limitations of diagnostic modalities and the lack of familiarity of physicians with this entity. We report the history of a 73-year-old man with fever of unknown origin (FUO) in whom laboratory tests, blood and urine cultures, chest X-ray, abdominal ultrasound, and Indium-111-leucocyte scintigraphy did not reveal the cause of the fever. F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) subsequently pointed to the diagnosis of pylephlebitis, which was confirmed by computed tomography (CT) and percutaneous puncture. We conclude that FDG PET allows detecting inflammatory foci in patients with FUO and offers to make the diagnosis of pylephlebitis at an early stage.
Suppression of Reproduction in Water-Deprived Mongolian Gerbils (Meriones Unguiculatus)1 (1975)

Fertile pairs of Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) were observed for further reproduction when they were water-deprived (lettuce supplied once a week) or when water was provided daily. Water deprivation produced no long-term effects on body weight, but it completely stopped reproduction when both members of a pair or when only the female was deprived. Reproduction continued if only the male was water-deprived, although water deprivation reduced testis, seminal vesicle and ventral scent gland size. Water-deprived gerbil pairs recovered reproductive function when water was provided again. The findings suggest that seasonal variations in water consumption may regulate seasonal breeding patterns in wild gerbil populations and that access to a limited supply of water may also be related to territoriality in this species.
Gamma rays from giant molecular clouds (1990)

Giant Molecular Clouds (GMCs) are massive, bounded, cool, dense regions containing mostly H2, but also H I, CO, and other molecules. These clouds occupy less than 1 percent of the galactic volume, but are a substantial part of the interstellar mass. They are irradiated by the high energy cosmic rays which are possibly modulated by the matter and magnetic fields within the clouds. The product of cosmic-ray flux and matter density is traced by the emission of high energy gamma-rays. A spherical cloud model is considered and the gamma ray flux from several GMCs within 1 kpc of the sun which should be detectable by the EGRET (Energetic Gamma-Ray Experimental Telescope) instrument on GRO (Gamma Ray Observatory).
Understanding and Using Virtual Ethnography in Virtual Environments (2011)

This chapter proposes to outline a process of virtual ethnography that combines emic and etic methods of data gathering adapted to the virtual context to provide a ‘true’ (Richardson, 2000) accounting of the social constructs inherent in the virtual world. The first section of this chapter discusses the unique characteristics of virtual ethnography when used to explore virtual environments such as Second Life or MMORPGs such as World of Warcraft. The second section presents some of the methodological issues related to conducting such research. Finally, the third section offers for consideration some unique challenges related to the application of such methods. Two concerns are discussed: 1) identifying an understanding the phenomenological structures unique to a particular virtual environment and 2) the implications of such knowledge with regard to the design of new virtual educational environments.Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.
Cross Dehydrogenative Arylation (CDA) of a Benzylic CH Bond with Arenes by Iron Catalysis (2009)

Hooking up: FeCl(2) catalyzes the efficient cross dehydrogenative arylation of substrates having benzylic C-H bonds (see scheme). High regioselectivity was observed during the cross-coupling between compounds containing aromatic C(sp(2))-H bonds and benzylic C(sp(3))-H bonds. This process is proposed to proceed by single-electron-transfer oxidation and Friedel-Crafts alkylation.
J1802-1-4 Evaluation for psychological impact of personal mobility on pedestrians (2009)

The authors have investigated the safety and comfort level of the personal mobility in the experimental pedestrian flows. The results showed the significant difference in their impact on the pedestrians. In this paper, in order to evaluate the psychological impact of personal mobility on pedestrian, uncomfortable and fearful situations are evaluated using KeyGraph. KeyGraph is the method to analyze the characteristics of the event through sentences and visualize by the graph. The uncomfortable and fearful situations and its causes were analyzed for the personal mobility.
Locomotion of C. elegans: A Piecewise-Harmonic Curvature Representation of Nematode Behavior (2012)

Caenorhabditis elegans, a free-living soil nematode, displays a rich variety of body shapes and trajectories during its undulatory locomotion in complex environments. Here we show that the individual body postures and entire trails of C. elegans have a simple analytical description in curvature representation. Our model is based on the assumption that the curvature wave is generated in the head segment of the worm body and propagates backwards. We have found that a simple harmonic function for the curvature can capture multiple worm shapes during the undulatory movement. The worm body trajectories can be well represented in terms of piecewise sinusoidal curvature with abrupt changes in amplitude, wavevector, and phase.
Bipolar Radiofrequency ablation: Is the shape of the coagulation volume different in comparison to monopolar RF‐ablation using variable active tip lengths? (2008)

We investigated the differences between bipolar and monopolar radiofrequency (RF)-ablation devices regarding the shape and volume of the induced coagulation zone. RF-ablations were performed in freshly excised porcine liver. For bipolar RF-ablation needle electrodes with 9, 20 and 30 mm active tip lengths were used. Each electrode was used ten times in accordance with the vendor's recommended ablation protocol. For monopolar RF-ablation a needle electrode was also used. Active tip length was modified by removing parts of the insulation resulting in tips lengths of 9, 20 and 30 mm. The lesion shape and volume were calculated and compared. In general, lesion size increased with increasing active tip length. At 9 mm tip length lesion volumes were significantly larger using the monopolar RF-system (0.598+/-0.094 cm(3) vs. 0.139+/-0.028 cm(3)). At 20 and 30 mm tip length bipolar RF-ablation created significantly larger areas of necrosis (20 mm: 3.498+/-0.605 cm(3) vs. 2.569+/-0,620 cm(3), 30 mm: 7.441+/-906 cm(3) vs. 3.317+/-0.737 cm(3)). Using the probes with 9 mm, active length areas of necrosis induced by the monopolar system are more spherical, whereas with 20 and 30 mm active tip length the bipolar system creates more spherical lesions. The proper combination of RF-system and electrode length allows to individually adapt the shape and volume of the generated coagulation necrosis to the target lesion.
Lichen-derived compounds, lichesterinic and protolichesterinic, mediate pigmentation in B16 melanoma cells (2008)

Protection against melanoma, one of the most aggressive skin cancers is afforded in part by the tanning response in which UV irradiation triggers melanocytes to increase production of melanin [1,2]. The identification of new natural compounds that positively regulate the tanning response is important in overcoming the deleterious effect of solar exposure. Lichens provide a particularly attractive source for novel photo-protective compounds because they have developed protective tools to enable their survival in high UV-index regions [3,4]. In this study, using B16 melanoma cells we have identified two aliphatic lactones, lichesterinic and protolichesterinic acids, isolated from the lichen Cetraria islandica, as positive mediators of pigmentation. The cytotoxicity of both lichesterinic and protolichesterinic acids was determined using the MTT assay and a non-toxic dose of 5µM was utilized in all assays tested. A significant increase (p&lt;0.05) in melanin content was observed for both compounds in the presence and absence of UVB irradiation compared to the control cells. Interestingly, the observed increased in melanin content in these cells did not correlate with an increase in tyrosinase activity. Taken together, these results implicate the lichen compounds, lichesterinic and protolichesterinic acids, as novel mediators of pigmentation and may also indicate a photo-protective role of these compounds in response to UV irradiation.
Thrombus heterogeneity in ischemic stroke (2020)

The structure of stroke thrombi has gained an increasing amount of interest in recent years. The advent of endovascular thrombectomy has offered the unique opportunity to provide and analyze thrombi removed from ischemic stroke patients. It has become clear that the composition of ischemic stroke thrombi is relatively heterogenous and various molecular and cellular patterns become apparent. Good understanding of the histopathologic characteristics of thrombi is important to lead future advancements in acute ischemic stroke treatment. In this review, we give a brief overview of the main stroke thrombus components that have been recently characterized in this rapidly evolving field. We also summarize how thrombus heterogeneity can affect stroke treatment.
DroidScope: seamlessly reconstructing the OS and Dalvik semantic views for dynamic Android malware analysis (2012)

The prevalence of mobile platforms, the large market share of Android, plus the openness of the Android Market makes it a hot target for malware attacks. Once a malware sample has been identified, it is critical to quickly reveal its malicious intent and inner workings. In this paper we present DroidScope, an Android analysis platform that continues the tradition of virtualization-based malware analysis. Unlike current desktop malware analysis platforms, DroidScope reconstructs both the OS-level and Java-level semantics simultaneously and seamlessly. To facilitate custom analysis, DroidScope exports three tiered APIs that mirror the three levels of an Android device: hardware, OS and Dalvik Virtual Machine. On top of DroidScope, we further developed several analysis tools to collect detailed native and Dalvik instruction traces, profile API-level activity, and track information leakage through both the Java and native components using taint analysis. These tools have proven to be effective in analyzing real world malware samples and incur reasonably low performance overheads.
Generation of 113-GHz, 18-ps optical pulse trains by Fourier synthesis of four-wave mixing signals obtained from semiconductor optical amplifiers (1997)

We propose and demonstrate experimentally an optical-pulse-train generator based on Fourier synthesis of four-wave mixing sidebands generated from semiconductor optical amplifiers. The amplitudes and the phases of four frequency components are optimally adjusted by an optical-transfer-function generator, which consists of a pair of diffraction gratings, three pairs of lenses, and liquid-crystal spatial light modulators. From this generator a 1.8-ps pulse train at a repetition rate of 113 GHz near the 1.5-microm range is successfully generated.
Methyldopa Inhibition of Suppressor-Lymphocyte Function (1980)

To test the hypothesis that methyldopa induces red-cell autoantibodies by inhibiting the activity of suppressor lymphocytes, we studied its effect on several immune functions. Methyldopa inhibited T-lymphocyte suppression of IgG production by peripheral-blood mononuclear cells stimulated by poke-weed mitogens. This effect occurred in isolated T cells incubated with methyldopa and in T cells obtained from patients taking methyldopa. In addition, the drug caused a 30 to 80 per cent reduction in the proliferative response of peripheral-blood mononuclear cells to mitogens in vitro, and this reduction primarily involved the activation of T lymphocytes. Methyldopa also caused a persistent elevation of intracellular lymphocyte cyclic AMP in vitro and in vivo. We postulate that methyldopa alters the immune system by causing a persistent increase in lymphocyte cyclic AMP, which inhibits suppressor T-cell function. These effects may lead to unregulated autoantibody production by B cells in some patients.
Fuzzy Scheduling of Repetitive Construction Projects (2013)

Fuzzy Scheduling of Repetitive Construction Projects I. Bakry, Dr. O. Moselhi, Dr. T. Zayed Pages 395-403 (2013 Proceedings of the 30th ISARC, Montréal, Canada, ISBN 978-1-62993-294-1, ISSN 2413-5844) Abstract: Uncertainty is an inherent characteristic of construction projects. Neglecting uncertainties associated with different input parameters in the planning stage could well lead to misleading and/or unachievable project schedules. The objective of this paper is to present a new approach towards scheduling repetitive construction projects while accounting for uncertainty. The paper presents an algorithm that quantifies anticipated delays resulting from different sources of uncertainty in the form of fuzzy time buffers. Through inserting the time buffers in strategic places in a time schedule, the algorithm provides protection against those main anticipated delays. The presented algorithm comprises two integrated components, a scheduling component responsible for producing a basic Linear Scheduling Method (LSM) schedule with deterministic activity durations, and a buffer component that handles fuzzy buffers sizing and insertion. The presented algorithm offers four different buffer insertion techniques covering different cases of interrelations between successive activities. The algorithm is implemented in a spreadsheet application, which automates calculations, yet allows users to fine tune the algorithm to fit the project at hand. With a focuses on highway construction projects as an example of repetitive construction projects, this paper accounts for sources of uncertainty such as weather, site conditions, change orders and equipment related delays. A hypothetical case is studied and explained to further demonstrate how the proposed algorithm works. Keywords: Repetitive projects, fuzzy scheduling, time buffers, uncertainty DOI: https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC2013/0043 Download fulltext Download BibTex Download Endnote (RIS) TeX Import to Mendeley
Infrared modulated interlevel spectroscopy of 1.3μm self-assembled quantum dot lasers using a free electron laser (2006)

A modulated far-IR technique is applied to determine the separations of the confined electron and hole states in a 1.3μm emitting self-assembled quantum-dot laser. By utilizing the unusual temperature behavior of the threshold current density, which exhibits a minimum at ∼200K, it is possible to eliminate heating effects associated with the far-IR pulses. In addition, the intense monochromatic laser output results in a relatively strong modulated signal strength. Electron and hole quantization energies of 46.7±0.2 and 13±1meV, respectively, are determined.
An Efficient Analysis on Door Structure of a Microwave Oven Using Combined Waves of Higher Order Modes (2003)

This paper describes propagation modes of leakage waves irradiated from a microwave oven examined by using finite difference time domain(FDTD) method. In this study, the amplitude coefficient in each mode of leakage waves is calculated under the use of the amplitude level of the elctric field about these unwanted waves, and the percentage of each mode is also calculated. Furthermore, shielding effectiveness(SE) of choke structure for suppressing the leakage waves is calculated using combined waves composed of the higher order modes as each percentages. As a result, the percentage of each mode included in the leakage waves in examined quantitatively. The approximation analysis of the SE of the choke structure can also be carried out. Therefore, efficient method for analyzing the door structure of the oven has been established without the use of the memory for the calculation.
ChemInform Abstract: β‐Carbolines as Specific Inhibitors of Cyclin‐Dependent Kinases (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.