gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parent Child Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and the structural dynamics of an outboard horizontal stabilizer aircraft (2002)

In the fall of 1998, MIT and Draper Laboratory formed a partnership program called Parent Child Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (PCUAV) to provide a means of providing upclose surveillance at a distance.The premise of the project was to create a tiered system of cooperative autonomous aircraft.A large Parent aircraft was designed to carry a smaller Mini aircraft to a target site and release it to descend for upclose surveillance.Meanwhile, the Parent provides a communications link between the Mini and a ground station at the point of departure.At the completion of a surveillance mission the Parent retrieves the Mini and carries it home.This thesis discusses the system components for the PCUAV project, specifically concentrating on the flight vehicles.The design, building, and flight testing phases for each vehicle are detailed.Special attention is given to the Parent vehicle, which utilizes an Outboard Horizontal Stabilizer (OHS) configuration.The structural dynamics and both aeroelastic and servo aeroelastic properties of the plane were studied using Aswing and are reported on here.
Structural characterization of CspZ, a complement regulator factor H and FHL‐1 binding protein from Borrelia burgdorferi (2014)

Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme disease and is found in two different types of hosts in nature - Ixodes ticks and various mammalian organisms. To initiate disease and survive in mammalian host organisms, B. burgdorferi must be able to transfer to a new host, proliferate, attach to different tissue and resist the immune response. To resist the host's immune response, B. burgdorferi produces at least five different outer surface proteins that can bind complement regulator factor H (CFH) and/or factor H-like protein 1 (CFHL-1). The crystal structures of two uniquely folded complement binding proteins, which belong to two distinct gene families and are not found in other bacteria, have been previously described. The crystal structure of the CFH and CFHL-1 binding protein CspZ (also known as BbCRASP-2 or BBH06) from B. burgdorferi, which belongs to a third gene family, is reported in this study. The structure reveals that the overall fold is different from the known structures of the other complement binding proteins in B. burgdorferi or other bacteria; this structure does not resemble the fold of any known protein deposited in the Protein Data Bank. The N-terminal part of the CspZ protein forms a four-helix bundle and has features similar to the FAT domain (focal adhesion targeting domain) and a related domain found in the vinculin/α-catenin family. By combining our findings from the crystal structure of CspZ with previous mutagenesis studies, we have identified a likely binding surface on CspZ for CFH and CFHL-1.
Real picture of magnetic domain dynamics along the magnetic hysteresis curve inside an advanced permanent magnet (2022)

Abstract In the long history of permanent magnet research for more than 100 years, three-dimensional magnetic microscopy has been eagerly awaited to elucidate the origin of the magnetic hysteresis of permanent magnets. In this study, we succeeded in observing the three-dimensional magnetic domain structure of an advanced high-coercivity Nd-Fe-B-based permanent magnet throughout the magnetic hysteresis curve using a recently developed hard X-ray magnetic tomography technique. Focused-ion-beam-based three-dimensional scanning electron microscopy was employed to study the relationship between the observed magnetic domains and the microstructure of the magnet for the same observing volume. Thermally demagnetized and coercivity states exhibit considerably different magnetic domain structures but show the same periodicity of 2.3 μm, indicating that the characteristic length of the magnetic domain is independent of the magnetization states. Further careful examination revealed some unexpected magnetic domain behaviors, such as running perpendicular to the magnetic easy axis and reversing back against the magnetic field. These findings demonstrate a wide variety of real magnetic domain behaviors along the magnetic hysteresis inside a permanent magnet.
Influence of the Load History on the Edge Strength of Glass with Cut Edge Finishing (2012)

The edge strength of glass is affected by the load history: i.e. the load duration and the loading type, e.g. constant loading, cyclic loading or linearly increasing loading. In standards, these influences are expressed by the factor kmod, which reduces the strength depending on the load type, e.g. wind load, temperature load. In this study, five series of glass specimens with a cut edge finishing were subjected to in-plane four-point bending tests. First, the specimens were subjected to a linearly increasing loading. Then identical specimens were subjected to either a constant loading or a cyclic loading or both. These test results were compared to the theoretical prediction, based on the theory of fracture mechanics, as well as to the guidelines of the standards.
The Evaluation of Policies on 2009 Influenza Pandemic in Korea (2010)

The additional evaluation should be performed at the end of the pandemic in various aspects including health and socioeconomic effects.
Epithelial cyst in the anterior chamber after penetrating keratoplasty: a rare complication. (1988)

We report the case of a 25-year-old man who had a penetrating keratoplasty for keratoconus. A year and a half after surgery a cyst was noted in the anterior chamber, which was observed to enlarge over six months. Because of anxiety about endothelial touch, it was removed surgically. Histologically the cyst was composed of stratified, non-keratinized squamous epithelium attached to loose fibrovascular tissue including islands of melanin-containing epithelial cells. This was interpreted as an epithelial implantation cyst of the anterior chamber of corneal origin attached to iris tissue.
Rheological properties of solutions of a colloid-disperse homoglucan from Schizophyllum commune (2007)

The rheological properties of a homoglucan produced by Schizophyllum commune were investigated in water and dimethylsulfoixde (DMSO). Aqueous solutions of the polymer showed non-Newtonian character at concentrations of about 0.1% (w/v), and thixotropic behavior was observed. The apparent viscosity of aqueous solutions was not influenced by high salt concentrations and also showed high stability from pH=2−12. The solutions showed Newtonian character in DMSO at polymer concentrations of about 0.1% (w/v). Moreover, the dependency of the apparent viscosity on the polymer concentration was investigated in water and DMSO. The intrinsic viscosities of the polymer in these two solvents were determined by graphic extrapolation of the reduced viscoisty to polymer concentration=0. From these intrinsic viscosities the average molecular weight of the polysaccharide in water and DMSO was calculated.
Energy-efficient VFI-partitioned multicore design using wireless NoC architectures (2014)

In recent years, multiple Voltage Frequency Island (VFI)-based designs have increasingly made their way into both commercial and research multicore platforms. On the other hand, the wireless Network-on-Chip (WiNoC) architecture has emerged as an energy-efficient and high bandwidth communication backbone for massively integrated multicore platforms. It becomes therefore possible to exploit the small-world effects induced by the wireless links of a WiNoC to achieve efficient inter-VFI data exchanges. In this work, we demonstrate that WiNoCs can provide better latency and energy profiles compared to traditional mesh-like architecture for VFI-partitioned multicore designs. The performance gains and energy efficiency are achieved due to the low-power wireless shortcuts in conjunction with the small-world architecture. Indeed, our experimental results show energy improvements as large as 40% for multithreaded application benchmarks.
Daytime/Nighttime Event-Based PI Control for the pH of a Microalgae Raceway Reactor (2019)

In this paper, a new solution to improve the traditional control operation of raceway microalgae reactors is presented. The control strategy is based on an event-based method that can be easily coupled to a classical time-driven proportional-integral controller, simplifying the design process approach. The results of a standard Proportional-Integral (PI) controller, as well as of two event-based architectures, are presented in simulation and compared with each other and with traditional On/Off control. It is demonstrated that the event-based PI controller—operating during the whole day instead of only during daytime—achieves a better performance by reducing the actuator effort and saving costs related to gas consumption.
REVERSE AGING OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS FOR AERONAUTICAL APPLICATIONS (2008)

Hygro‐thermal ageing of polymer matrix composite materials is a major issue for all the aeronautical structures. For carbon‐epoxy composites generally used in aeronautical applications the major effect of ageing is the humidity absorption, which induces a plasticization effect, generally decreasing Tg and elastic moduli, and finally design allowables.A thermodynamical and kinetic study has been performed, aimed to establish a program of periodic heating of the composite part, able to reversing the ageing effect by inducing water desorption. The study was founded on a simple model based on Fick’s law, coupled with a concept of “relative saturation coefficient” depending on the different temperature of the composite part and the environment.The behaviour of some structures exposed to humidity and “reverse aged” by heating has been virtually tested.The conclusion of the study allowed to issue a specific patent application for aeronautical structures to be designed on the basis of a “humidity free” concept which allows the use of higher design allowables; having as final results lighter composite structures with a simplified certification process.
Millimeter Wave Antenna for Intelligent Transportation Systems Application (2018)

A compact broadband millimeter wave antenna for intelligent transportation (ITS) application is proposed in this paper. This antenna uses coplanar wave guide feeding technique for broad bandwidth. The proposed antenna works at 79 GHz resonant frequency having a large bandwidth of 78.2 GHz. The measured gain of the antenna is 17.5 dBi. The proposed antenna is very suitable for short range radar (SRR) application and %G technologies.
Hyper Least Squares and Its Applications (2010)

We present a new form of least squares (LS), called "hyper LS", for geometric problems that frequently appear in computer vision applications. Doing rigorous error analysis, we maximize the accuracy by introducing a normalization that eliminates statistical bias up to second order noise terms. Our method yields a solution comparable to maximum likelihood (ML) without iterations, even in large noise situations where ML computation fails.
Social welfare expenditures, fiscal year 1976. (1977)

In 1976, for the second fiscal year in a row, public expenditures for social welfare purposes expanded at an abnormally high rate. Even after adjusting the 16-percent increase in aggregate expenditures for price and population changes, the 8-percent real growth rate proves to be the highest since 1971. The $45 billion rise in social welfare expenditures to a total of $331 billion reflects the effects of both recession and inflation. Benefits for the needy and the unemployed continued to expand at the same time that higher prices triggered cost-of-living adjustments in cash benefit programs and helped swell the cost of furnishing other social welfare services. A further reflection of this growth is the rise in the proportion of the Nation's gross national product devoted to social welfare expenditures from 19.7 percent in 1975 to 20.6 percent in 1976. The latter proportion becomes 27.5 percent when private social welfare spending is included.
Performance analysis of &#x03BC;-law companding &amp; SQRT techniques for M-QAM OFDM systems (2013)

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is an efficient transmission technique for high data rate communication systems. The major problem of OFDM system is Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) which reduces the efficiency of the system and increases the system complexity. In this paper, logarithmic based companding (i.e, mu law) and Square rooting companding (SQRT) have been suggested as simple and effective PAPR reduction techniques for OFDM. This paper analyzes mu law and SQRT companding OFDM signal on M ary QAM modulation technique. Simulation results show that the SQRT OFDM system is an effective technique in reducing PAPR and improved BER performance than OFDM system with mu-law companding transform. Comparison among mu law and SQRT companding techniques is made for the best suited companding technique for PAPR reduction in OFDM system. The Simulation result also shows that by modulating a signal at a fixed subcarriers for different modulation technique, the error in the transmitted data increases rapidly whereas in case of fixed modulation techniques, increasing the number of subcarriers the PAPR increases at the transmit, the bit error rate (BER) in the transmitted data is constant and varies by a small fraction.
Voronoi Diagrams Generated by the Archimedes Spiral: Fibonacci Numbers, Chirality and Aesthetic Appeal (2023)

Voronoi mosaics inspired by seed points placed on the Archimedes Spirals are reported. Voronoi (Shannon) entropy was calculated for these patterns. Equidistant and non-equidistant patterns are treated. Voronoi tessellations generated by the seeds located on the Archimedes spiral and separated by linearly growing radial distance demonstrate a switch in their chirality. Voronoi mosaics built from cells of equal size, which are of primary importance for the decorative arts, are reported. The pronounced prevalence of hexagons is inherent for the patterns with an equidistant and non-equidistant distribution of points when the distance between the seed points is of the same order of magnitude as the distance between the turns of the spiral. Penta- and heptagonal “defected” cells appeared in the Voronoi diagrams due to the finite nature of the pattern. The ordered Voronoi tessellations demonstrating the Voronoi entropy larger than 1.71, reported for the random 2D distribution of points, were revealed. The dependence of the Voronoi entropy on the total number of seed points located on the Archimedes Spirals is reported. Voronoi tessellations generated by the phyllotaxis-inspired patterns are addressed. The aesthetic attraction of the Voronoi mosaics arising from seed points placed on the Archimedes Spirals is discussed.
The Importance of Collaborative Design for Narrowing the Gender Gap in Engineering: An Analysis of Engineering Identity Development in Elementary Students (2020)

Research suggests that, to narrow the gender gap in engineering, we should focus on helping young girls identify with engineering both because gendered attitudes emerge around kindergarten and because identity is more predictive than performance on persistence in the field. This qualitative study sought to understand the impact of collaborative engineering design on the development of engineering identities in elementary-school students and compared the findings across gender. We focused on three tiers of collaboration embedded into the engineering design process: peer groups, role models, and shared goals. More specifically, the elementary students worked in small teams and partnered with undergraduate engineers to help design and build dancing robots that come together for a coordinated dance performance. We used ethnographic methods, including pre- and post-program student interviews, video-recorded program sessions, and documentation of student work, to investigate elementary students’ engineering identities. Three themes emerged from our analysis. First, working with peers encouraged students who were initially uninterested in engineering, the majority of whom were girls, to join the program and helped them to engage in the activities. Second, partnering with engineer role models contributed to the elementary students’ developing identities as engineers: The girls were most influenced by the personal bonds they formed, while the boys were most influenced by the technical skills they learned. Third, all girls and most boys preferred the idea of working toward a shared goal over competitive projects that, as described by the students, can cause bad feelings and hurt friendships. Our work supports and extends elementary engineering literature by considering the role of multiple tiers of collaboration in identity development in girls and boys. Our results suggest that engineering design programs that foster collaboration can help more students, especially more girls, engage in and identify with engineering, thereby contributing to the narrowing of the gender gap.
Production and Properties of Lipase from a Newly Isolated Chromobacterium (1973)

Out of some 750 strains of microorganisms, a potent bacterium for lipase production was isolated from soil and was identified as Chromobacterium viscosum. The bacterium accumulates lipase in culture fluid when grown aerobically at 26°C for 3 days in a medium composed of soluble starch, soy bean meal, lard and inorganic salts. Chromobacterium lipase had an optimum pH of 7.0 for activity at 37°C, and an optimal temperature of 65°C at pH 7.0. The enzyme retained 80% of the activity when heated for 10 min at 70°C. This lipase was capable of hydrolyzing a variety of natural fats and oils, and it was more active on lard and butter than on olive oil. The activity was stimulated by Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+ and inhibited by Cu2+, Hg2+ and Sn2+. It was not diminished but rather stimulated by a high concentration of bile-salts.
One VM to rule them all (2013)

Building high-performance virtual machines is a complex and expensive undertaking; many popular languages still have low-performance implementations. We describe a new approach to virtual machine (VM) construction that amortizes much of the effort in initial construction by allowing new languages to be implemented with modest additional effort. The approach relies on abstract syntax tree (AST) interpretation where a node can rewrite itself to a more specialized or more general node, together with an optimizing compiler that exploits the structure of the interpreter. The compiler uses speculative assumptions and deoptimization in order to produce efficient machine code. Our initial experience suggests that high performance is attainable while preserving a modular and layered architecture, and that new high-performance language implementations can be obtained by writing little more than a stylized interpreter.
80GHz BiCMOS and 60GHz CMOS SOI PA/Antenna co-Design (2012)

International audience
Unifying the Framework of Multi-Layer Network and Visual Analytics (2019)

In conclusion, the challenges of designing a visualization system to support interactive layer creation and analysis comprise both the design of the conceptual view as well as corresponding interactions.Since the approach shall be used by domain experts (who are often not trained specifically in computer science and data analysis), the interactive layer creation should easy to apply -a general challenge will be to find a good balance between analytical power and ease of use.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Single Crystal X‐Ray Diffraction Study of Some Fluorophosphites and Phosphite Esters. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Leukocyte-Derived IL-10 Reduces Subepithelial Fibrosis Associated with Chronically Inhaled Endotoxin (2006)

Endotoxin (LPS), a Gram-negative cell wall component, has potent proinflammatory properties. Acute LPS exposure causes airway inflammation; chronic exposure causes airway hyperreactivity and remodeling. IL-10 is an important antiinflammatory cytokine, which is decreased in patients with airway disease, such as asthma and cystic fibrosis. To examine the physiologic and therapeutic role of IL-10 in acute and chronic LPS-induced airway disease. Mice were exposed to aerosolized LPS once or daily for 4 wk. Endpoints were airway inflammation, airway reactivity to methacholine, extracellular matrix protein expression, and histologic analysis. IL-10-deficient mice developed significantly enhanced airway cellularity and remodeling when compared with C57BL/6 mice after chronic LPS inhalation. However they demonstrated less airway hyperreactivity associated with higher inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS), and lung lavage fluid nitrite levels. In a bone marrow transplantation model, the IL-10 antiinflammatory effect was dependent on the hematopoietic but not on the parenchymal IL-10 expression. Induced epithelial human IL-10 expression protected from the LPS effects and led to decreased collagen production. IL-10 attenuates chronic LPS-induced airway inflammation and remodeling. Physiologically, the antiinflammatory effect of IL-10 is mediated by hematopoietic cells. Therapeutically, adenovirus-driven expression of human IL-10 in airway epithelia is sufficient for its protective effect on inflammation and remodeling. The role of IL-10 on airway hyperreactivity is complex: IL-10 deficiency protects against LPS-induced hyperreactivity, and is associated with higher eNOS, iNOS, and airway nitrate levels.
VITAMIN D IN HEALTH AND DISEASE: Vitamin D and the Epidemiology of Prostate Cancer (2005)

Mortality rates from prostate cancer are significantly higher among African Americans than Caucasian Americans and are inversely related to the availability of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. These findings support the hypothesis, originally proposed in 1990, that prostate cancer may be caused by vitamin D deficiency. In 1992, specific receptors for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] were demonstrated in human prostate cells. We and others have shown that 1,25(OH)2D exerts prodifferentiating, antiproliferative, and antimetastatic effects on these cells. In 1998 we demonstrated that normal prostate cells express 1alpha-hydroxylase and synthesize their own 1,25(OH)2D. Thus, 1,25(OH)2D is an autocrine hormone in the prostate. The consensus emerging from analytic epidemiologic studies is that low levels of UV radiation/vitamin D are indeed associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer in individual men. The evolution of our understanding of the role of vitamin D in the epidemiology of prostate cancer parallels our understanding of the role of vitamin D in the epidemiology of rickets. In both diseases, ecologic observations about UV radiation preceded experimental observations and were subsequently validated by them.