gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design, Implementation, and Analysis of a Multimedia Indexing and Delivery Server (1999)

In the title compounds, <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-di-methyl-acetamide-1-(dimethyl-λ<sup>4</sup>-aza-nyl-idene)ethan-1-ol tribromide (1/1), C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>NO·C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>NO<sup>+</sup>·Br<sub>3</sub> <sup>-</sup> or [(C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>NO)·(C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>NO)](Br<sub>3</sub>), (<b>I</b>), <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-di-methyl-acetamide-1-(dimethyl-λ<sup>4</sup>-aza-nyl-idene)ethan-1-ol di-bromido-iodate (1/1), C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>NO·C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>NO<sup>+</sup>·Br<sub>2</sub>I<sup>-</sup> or [(C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>NO)·(C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>NO)](Br<sub>2</sub>I), (<b>II</b>), and <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-di-methyl-acetamide-1-(dimethyl-λ<sup>4</sup>-aza-nyl-idene)ethan-1-ol di-chlorido-iodate (1/1), C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>NO·C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>NO<sup>+</sup>·Cl<sub>2</sub>I<sup>-</sup> or [(C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>NO)·(C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>NO)]·(Cl<sub>2</sub>I), (<b>III</b>), all the anions are almost linear in geometry and all the cations, except for the methyl H atoms, are essentially planar. In the crystal structure of (<b>I</b>), the cations are linked by pairs of C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers with an <i>R</i> <sub>2</sub> <sup>2</sup>(8) ring motif. These dimers also exhibit O-H⋯O hydrogen bonding. Dimerized cation pairs and anions are arranged in columns along the <i>a</i> axis. In the crystal of (<b>II</b>), the cations are linked by pairs of O-H⋯O and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming an <i>R</i> <sub>4</sub> <sup>4</sup>(14) ring motif. These groups of cations and the anions form individual columns along the <i>a</i> axis and jointly reside in planes roughly parallel to (011). In the crystal of (<b>III</b>), cations and anions also form columns parallel to the <i>a</i> axis, resulting in layers parallel to the (020) plane. Furthermore, the crystal structures of (<b>I</b>), (<b>II</b>) and (<b>III)</b> are consolidated by strong halogen (Br and/or I and/or Cl)⋯H and weak van der Waals inter-actions. In addition to the structural evaluation, a Hirshfeld surface analysis was carried out.
Road Safety Performance Assessment: A New Road Network Risk Index for Info Mobility (2014)

The development of communication systems for road traffic safety improvement has become one of the most important aims of information technology for road users. Detecting risk factors and informing drivers about them can contribute to make the transportation system more safe and comfortable. This assumption is the base of the Research Project “M2 M – Mobile to Mobility” carried out at the University of Calabria, Italy. This research presents first applications of a methodology for developing a road safety performance index, Risk Index (RI), related to the risk deriving from infrastructure's features. In detail six different classes of events are identified: number of occurred accidents; density of intersections/accesses on the road section; road surface anomalies; problems related to both horizontal and vertical road signs and deficiencies of roadside and safety barriers. The research is focused on the possibility of giving real time information to road users about the risks associated to the specific travelled road segment, using a multiplatform mobile application and GPS system. The information is given to drivers considering driver's speeds (operating and average speeds) that are registered continuously by the application. In order to reach this aim, the road network is discretized with a squared grid: each node derived from the intersection of the grid with the infrastructure's network is considered as an informative node which contains the information related to an area, centered on the same node (RIj). This step represents just the initialization of the road network, which will be enriched with new points generated by users trips uploaded through an automatic server-side. According to this procedure, the road network will be more “information-rich” as many users will use the platform, according to a user-generated schema. When the single driver is approaching to the i-th node, he may be informed on the Risk Index associated to the relative area and he simultaneously provides its speed at server.
Modular Sensor Fusion for Semantic Segmentation (2018)

Sensor fusion is a fundamental process in robotic systems as it extends the perceptual range and increases robustness in real-world operations. Current multi-sensor deep learning based semantic segmentation approaches do not provide robustness to under-performing classes in one modality, or require a specific architecture with access to the full aligned multi-sensor training data. In this work, we analyze statistical fusion approaches for semantic segmentation that overcome these drawbacks while keeping a competitive performance. The studied approaches are modular by construction, allowing to have different training sets per modality and only a much smaller subset is needed to calibrate the statistical models. We evaluate a range of statistical fusion approaches and report their performance against state-of-the-art baselines on both realworld and simulated data. In our experiments, the approach improves performance in IoU over the best single modality segmentation results by up to 5%. We make all implementations and configurations publicly available.
Record power added efficiency of bipolar power transistors for low voltage wireless applications (2002)

To increase the power added efficiency (PAE) of low voltage RF bipolar power transistors for cellular applications, we investigated the influence of transistor parasitics on PAE. We found that reducing the output capacitance increases the PAE due to better second harmonic tuning. By optimizing the transistor for a low output capacitance we achieved a record PAE of 71% at 0.5 Watt, 1.8 GHz and 3.5 V supply voltage.
Isolation of Tissue-Specific cDNAs from Tomato Pistils. (1989)

We have used a differential plaque hybridization screening procedure to isolate cDNA clones for genes that show elevated or exclusive expression in tomato pistils. Clones that showed maximal expression in immature pistils (premeiotic to early meiosis) and mature pistils (at anthesis) were isolated. Of nine clones that were characterized, four were found also to express at some stage of anther development. In situ hybridization experiments showed that expression of the genes we have identified is very tightly regulated both spatially and temporally within the pistil. One gene was identified that is expressed in the pistil only in the transmitting tissue of the style. A second gene was found to express exclusively in two to three cell layers of the ovules for a period of less than eight days.
Effects of Prefrontal 40 Hz-Centered EEG Band Neurofeedback on Emotional State and Cognitive Functions in Adolescents (2017)

Background: In addition to well-known cognitive impairments, there are disruptions in processing emotions in individuals with substance dependence and in those predisposed to drug abuse. Neurofeedback training-based intervention is one of the potentially efficacious nonpharmacological treatment options for substance use disorders. Several neurofeedback protocols which reported success in treating addictive behaviors have been employed. However, there are no studies on the use of neurofeedback in occasional drug users who have a drug use history have not yet developed substance use disorder or substance dependence. Keywords: Adolescents, drug abuse, EEG, emotion, neurofeedback.
Development of a Dual Glucose-Oxygen Sensor System for Continuous In Vivo Monitoring (1997)

A glucose biosensor based on an amperometric oxygen electrode has been developed. Glucose biosensors with glucose diffusion membranes prepared from polycarbonate (PC) membranes with high temperature annealing and from polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) membranes with partial epoxy-patch covering combined with Q7–2213 Silastic* coating have been studied and compared with biosensors with standard PC membranes and PTFE membranes. The sensors utilizing high temperature annealing PC as glucose diffusion membrane demonstrate a linearity up to 360 mg/dl with sensitivity of 0. 48 nA/mg/dl and a response time of about two to three minutes at 37 $$C. The sensors using PTFE membrane with partially epoxy-patch cover and an additional Q7–2213 Silastic* coating as glucose diffusion membrane demonstrate a linearity up to 400 mg/dl glucose with sensitivity of 0.32 nA/mg/dl and a response time of about five to six minutes at 37 $$C. Studies of the sensors for continuous operational long-term stability, show practically constant sensitivity of the sensor over four months. During this period the sensor was refilled several times with fresh enzyme material.
A cooperative multihop approach for energy efficient wireless content distribution (2012)

Cooperative content distribution for the purpose of energy minimization is investigated in the framework of multihop wireless networks. Mobile terminals cooperate to receive content of common interest from the base station and distribute it using multihop cooperative techniques. The problem is formulated as an integer linear program and an efficient suboptimal content distribution approach is presented. The proposed approach is shown to lead to significant energy savings compared to the non cooperative scenario. In addition, it is shown to reduce the total delay in the content distribution process and to release a significant portion of the base station bandwidth.
Frequency-Reconfigurable Pixel Slot Antenna (2012)

A new frequency-reconfigurable antenna structure which we denote as a pixel slot antenna is proposed and studied in this communication. The antenna makes use of a canonical switched slot element that is concatenated together to form various radiating structures. The resonant path of the pixel slot antenna can be a conventional slot or a slot plus a loop, so higher degrees of freedom in generating various resonant frequencies is achieved. The maximum-to-minimum achievable resonance values of a demonstrated 4-switch single-pixel slot antenna are 3.30 GHz to 1.56 GHz in which the feed mechanism remains unchanged. Other frequency tuning ranges are also achievable by changing the switch allocation along the slot structure. We also provide a model for the RF MEMS switches which can improve the simulation accuracy of the reconfigurable antenna simulation results.
Integrated internal standards: A sample prep‐free method for better precision in microchip CE (2018)

Point-of-care systems based on microchip capillary electrophoresis require single-use, disposable microchips prefilled with all necessary solutions so an untrained operator only needs to apply the sample and perform the analysis. While microchip fabrication can be (and has been) standardized, some manufacturing differences between microchips are unavoidable. To improve analyte precision without increasing device costs or introducing additional error sources, we recently proposed the use of integrated internal standards (ISTDs): ions added to the BGE in small concentrations which form system peaks in the electropherogram that can be used as a measurement reference. Here, we further expand this initial proof-of-principle test to study a clinically-relevant application of K ion concentrations in human blood; however, using a mock blood solution instead of real samples to avoid interference from other obstacles (e.g. cell lysis). Cs as an integrated ISTD improves repeatability of K ion migration times from 6.97% to 0.89% and the linear calibration correlation coefficient (R<sup>2</sup> ) for K quantification from 0.851 to 0.967. Peak area repeatability improves from 11.6-13.3% to 4.75-5.04% at each K concentration above the LOQ. These results further validate the feasibility of using integrated ISTDs to improve imprecision in disposable microchip CE devices by demonstrating their application for physiological samples.
Synthesis of Erythrina and Related Alkaloids. Part XXXVII. Chiral synthesis of enantio-type erythrinan alkaloids utilizing asymmetric acylation and kinetic resolution of diastereomers. (1992)

Chiral synthesis of an erythrinan alkaloid, (-)-3-demethoxyerythratidinone (11), as well as a versatile intermediate, the 1, 7-cycloerythrinan derivative (14) (both are of enantio-type) was achieved using asymmetric acylation and kinetic resolution starting from the L-dopa derivative (1).
Drying of Activated Sludge Under Partial Vacuum Conditions—An Experimental Study (2004)

Abstract A typical wastewater treatment system in a pulp and paper mill in Finland treats wastewater both mechanically and biologically. Sludges resulting from these processes have to be disposed of. One possible way of doing this is to incinerate them with solid fuel in the power plant of the mill. To minimize the amount of sludge and to make the use of the sludge energy efficient, it has to be dried before incineration. Mechanical drying of the sludge from biological wastewater treatment is difficult to carry out. Using secondary energies may provide a competitive way of arranging drying: a method of doing this by using partial vacuum evaporation to utilize the low temperature secondary heat in sludge drying is under development. A laboratory study to examine the behavior of activated sludge under partial vacuum evaporation conditions was carried out using a laboratory rotating evaporator to analyze the drying of activated sludge from three mills at 40–80°C boiling temperatures. This article presents the results from the tests. These are promising; it was possible to reach high dry solids content. Also, no boiling point temperature rise was detected, fouling of the evaporator seemed low and easily avoidable, condensate from the evaporator weas relatively clean and returnable to the processes of the mill.
An Empirical Method to Quantify the Peripheral Performance Degradation in Deep Networks (2020)

When applying a convolutional kernel to an image, if the output is to remain the same size as the input then some form of padding is required around the image boundary, meaning that for each layer of convolution in a convolutional neural network (CNN), a strip of pixels equal to the half-width of the kernel size is produced with a non-veridical representation. Although most CNN kernels are small to reduce the parameter load of a network, this non-veridical area compounds with each convolutional layer. The tendency toward deeper and deeper networks combined with stride-based down-sampling means that the propagation of this region can end up covering a non-negligable portion of the image. Although this issue with convolutions has been well acknowledged over the years, the impact of this degraded peripheral representation on modern network behavior has not been fully quantified. What are the limits of translation invariance? Does image padding successfully mitigate the issue, or is performance affected as an object moves between the image border and center? Using Mask R-CNN as an experimental model, we design a dataset and methodology to quantify the spatial dependency of network performance. Our dataset is constructed by inserting objects into high resolution backgrounds, thereby allowing us to crop sub-images which place target objects at specific locations relative to the image border. By probing the behaviour of Mask R-CNN across a selection of target locations, we see clear patterns of performance degredation near the image boundary, and in particular in the image corners. Quantifying both the extent and magnitude of this spatial anisotropy in network performance is important for the deployment of deep networks into unconstrained and realistic environments in which the location of objects or regions of interest are not guaranteed to be well localized within a given image.
Molecular modeling andin vitroactivity of an HIV-1-encoded glutathione peroxidase (2000)

Based on theoretical evidence, it has been proposed that HIV-1 may encode several selenoprotein modules, one of which (overlapping the env gp41-coding region) has highly significant sequence similarity to the mammalian selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase (GPx; EC ). The similarity score of the putative HIV-1 viral GPx homolog relative to an aligned set of known GPx is 6.3 SD higher than expected for random sequences of similar composition. Based on that alignment, a molecular model of the HIV-1 GPx was constructed by homology modeling from the bovine GPx crystal structure. Despite extensive truncation relative to the cellular GPx gene, the structural core and the geometry of the catalytic triad of selenocysteine, glutamine, and tryptophan are well conserved in the viral GPx. All of the insertions and deletions predicted by the alignment proved to be structurally feasible. The model is energetically favorable, with a computed molecular mechanics strain energy close to that of the bovine GPx structure, when normalized on a per-residue basis. However, considering the remote homology, this model is intended only to provide a working hypothesis allowing for a similar active site and structural core. To validate the theoretical predictions, we cloned the hypothetical HIV-1 gene and found it to encode functional GPx activity when expressed as a selenoprotein in mammalian cells. In transfected canine kidney cells, the increase in GPx activity ranged from 21% to 43% relative to controls (average 30%, n = 9, P < 0.0001), whereas, in transfected MCF7 cells, which have low endogenous GPx activity, a near 100% increase was observed (average 99%, n = 3, P < 0.05).
ChemInform Abstract: [P3Se7]3‐: A Phosphorus‐Rich Square‐Ring Selenophosphate. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Inclusion complex formation involving a new class of transition-metal host (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInclusion complex formation involving a new class of transition-metal hostThomas J. Meade, Nathaniel W. Alcock, and Daryle H. BuschCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 19, 3766–3776Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00344a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00344a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views63Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The unique case of the Niemann-Pick type C cholesterol storage disorder. (2014)

Niemann-Pick type C disease (NPC) is a neurovisceral lysosomal cholesterol storage disorder that arises from loss-of-f unction mutations in either the NPCI or NPC2 genes. Both genes code for proteins involved in lysosomal cholesterol efflux. NPC is often diagnosed in early childhood, with patients typically displaying cerebellar ataxia, difficulties in Unfortunately, to date, there is no curative treatment for this devastating and fatal disorder, although several symptomatic manifestations of NPC are treatable. In this review, we discuss the cell biology of the disease, clinical aspects, diagnostic approaches, and current and potential therapeutic strategies against NPC.
Synthesis and characterization of amphiphilic o-phenylene ethynylene oligomers (2008)

We have previously reported the synthesis of short o-phenylene ethynylene oligomers with polar triethylene glycol side chains which adopt a helical conformation in solution with three residues per turn. Two new oligomers have been synthesized, a hexamer and a nonamer, incorporating a repeated triad motif of polar–nonpolar–polar sidechains in order to create a hydrophobic stripe in the folded conformation which we report here for the first time. Helical folding in solution was observed and, unlike the previously-reported oligomers, these new oligomers are ordered solids at room temperature. Although these oligomers were designed to assemble into helical bundle-like structures, no evidence for a quaternary-like structure was found. The difference in polarity between alkyl and triethylene glycol side chains is likely not strong enough to induce self-association of folded helices, especially since the molecules are not water soluble where the driving force for association of the nonpolar stripe would be larger. We expect that more polar side chains, granting water solubility, represent an important target for future research.
Denticles: dental pulp calculi (2024)

Denticles (pulp stones) are round to oval hard substance formations of various sizes that occur in the dental pulp or in the area of the pulpal dentin wall. They can occur free, without connection to the pulp wall (free denticles), fused to the pulp wall (adherent denticles) or embedded in the pulp wall (interstitial denticles).
Compositional Semantic Parsing on Semi-Structured Tables (2015)

Two important aspects of semantic parsing for question answering are the breadth of the knowledge source and the depth of logical compositionality. While existing work trades off one aspect for another, this paper simultaneously makes progress on both fronts through a new task: answering complex questions on semi-structured tables using question-answer pairs as supervision. The central challenge arises from two compounding factors: the broader domain results in an open-ended set of relations, and the deeper compositionality results in a combinatorial explosion in the space of logical forms. We propose a logical-form driven parsing algorithm guided by strong typing constraints and show that it obtains significant improvements over natural baselines. For evaluation, we created a new dataset of 22,033 complex questions on Wikipedia tables, which is made publicly available.