gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vivo evaluation of the effect of the size and opsonization on the hepatic extraction of liposomes in rats: An application of Oldendorf method (1992)

In the hepatic uptake of large particles such as liposomes, a serum component called opsonin plays an important role. In this study, the 'Oldendorf method' is introduced to evaluate the hepatic extraction under the condition of single passage, which enabled examination of the effect of opsonization on liposome uptake by the intact liver. 14C-labelled liposomes and, an internal reference, 3H-H2O were injected as a bolus into portal vein. Liver uptake index (LUI) was calculated from the ratio of the extraction of 14C to that of 3H. The effect of liposome size (mean diameter of 0.8, 0.4, 0.2, and 0.05 micron) and opsonization (preincubation with fresh blood for 5 min) on liposomal hepatic uptake were investigated using this method. LUI increased with size significantly (p < 0.001), and opsonization enhanced LUI only for the large liposomes (0.8 micron). This result suggests that the critical diameter of opsonization for these liposomes lies between 0.4 and 0.8 micron.
Sinusoidal-Based Multiple Access Scheme for Visible Light Decentralized Asynchronous Systems (2022)

In some visible light communication (VLC) systems, transmitters are light sources which support not only illumination but also information broadcast and positioning. Since transmit signals in these systems inevitably interfere with each other at the receiver side, extra devices may be added to synchronize the transmitters, but this impairs an appealing advantage in VLC systems that existing lighting infrastructure can be simply reused. This paper proposes a novel multiple access scheme to realize decentralized asynchronous VLC systems such that both the transmitters and receivers are asynchronous. For a system with <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula> transmitters, two unique codewords of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L$</tex-math></inline-formula> chips are allocated to each transmitter where <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L$</tex-math></inline-formula> is a prime number larger than <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{4}\,N$</tex-math></inline-formula> . Those codewords are designed to help maintain a constant transmitted average power and enhance channel estimation, as well as conveying data. Our scheme enables the receiver to obtain one channel estimate and one data symbol per <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L$</tex-math></inline-formula> chips. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms other schemes in the literature in terms of bit error rate and system throughput.
The deletable Bloom filter: a new member of the Bloom family (2010)

We introduce the Deletable Bloom filter (DlBF) as a new spin on the popular data structure based on compactly encoding the information of where collisions happen when inserting elements. The DlBF design enables false-negative-free deletions at a fraction of the cost in memory consumption, which turns to be appealing for certain probabilistic filter applications.
The Characteristics of Oxycombustion of Liquid Fuel in a Typical Water-Tube Boiler (2017)

Among the various carbon capture technologies, oxyfuel combustion provides an effective way to reduce CO2 emissions, because of similar flame characteristics, relative to those of air combustion, and its ability to be retrofitted in the existing plants. In this work, combustion of liquid fuel in O2/CO2 environment inside a water-tube boiler has been modeled numerically, and the results were compared with that of the air combustion case. Two cases of oxycombustion were studied: (i) OF21 (21% oxygen (by volume) and 79% CO2 (by volume)) and (ii) OF29 (29% oxygen (by volume) and 71% CO2 (by volume)). The model was extended to study the effects of droplet size and swirl number on the combustion characteristics of the liquid fuel. Probability density function (PDF) was applied to solve the turbulence–chemistry interaction. It was found that the replacement of N2 from air with carbon dioxide significantly reduces the temperature level. It was also found that reducing the CO2 concentration results in an increase in the flame temperature. For the air combustion case, heat transfer to the water jackets was much higher than that of oxycombustion cases.
Pickering-Type Water-in-Oil-in-Water Multiple Emulsions toward Multihollow Nanocomposite Microspheres (2010)

Multihollow hydroxyapatite (HAp)/poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanocomposite microspheres were readily fabricated by solvent evaporation from a "Pickering-type" water-in-(dichloromethane solution of PLLA)-in-water multiple emulsion stabilized with HAp nanoparticles. The multiple emulsion was stabilized with the aid of PLLA molecules used as a wettability modifier for HAp nanoparticles, although HAp nanoparticles did not work solely as particulate emulsifiers for Pickering-type emulsions consisting of pure dichloromethane and water. The interaction between PLLA and HAp nanoparticles at the oil-water interfaces plays a crucial role toward the preparation of stable multiple emulsion and multihollow microspheres.
Mutagenesis of an Arginine- and Lysine-rich Domain in the gp91 Subunit of the Phagocyte NADPH-oxidase Flavocytochromeb 558 (1999)

Site-directed mutagenesis was used to generate a series of mutants harboring point or multiple substitutions within the hydrophilic, polybasic domain of gp91(phox) encompassed by residues 86-102, which was previously identified as a site of interaction with p47(phox) during phagocyte NADPH oxidase assembly. Recombinant wild-type or mutant gp91(phox) was expressed in a human myeloid leukemia cell line in which the endogenous gp91(phox) gene was disrupted by gene targeting. NADPH oxidase activity was measured in a cytochrome c reduction assay following granulocytic differentiation of cells that expressed recombinant gp91(phox). Expression of a gp91(phox) mutant in which amino acids 89-97 were replaced with nine alternate amino acids abolished NADPH oxidase activity. Expression of gp91(phox) mutants R89T, D95A, D95R, R96A, R96E, or K102T did not significantly affect NADPH oxidase activity. However, mutations of individual or paired arginine residues at positions 91 and 92 had substantial effects on superoxide generation. The R91E/R92E mutation completely abolished both NADPH oxidase activity and membrane-translocation of the cytosolic oxidase proteins p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac1, and Rac2. The phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced rate of superoxide production was reduced by approximately 75% in cells expressing R91T/R92A, R91E, or R92E gp91(phox) along with an increased lag time to the maximal rates of superoxide production relative to cells expressing wild-type gp91(phox). Taken together, these results demonstrate that Arg91 and Arg92 of gp91(phox) are essential for flavocytochrome b558 function in granulocytes and suggest that these residues participate in the interaction of gp91(phox) with the cytosolic oxidase proteins.
Molecular weight characterization of polyacrylamide‐CO‐sodium acrylate. II. Light scattering (1992)

Abstract The first large‐scale fractionation method for polyacrylamides is reported. This has been optimized to prepare a series of narrowly distributed polymer standards with molecular weights between 10,000 and 1,000,000. These were subsequently hydrolyzed to between 5 and 35% sodium acrylate content through a saponification reaction. It has been found that the classical light‐scattering theory, derived for nonionic scattering bodies, can be applied to polyelectrolytes provided the specific refractive index increment (∂ n /∂ c ) is evaluated at constant electrochemical potential (μ). This is obtained by dialyzing the polymer solution against the dialysate (0.2 M Na 2 SO 4 for polyacrylamide‐co‐sodium acrylate) for a predetermined equilibrium period, specific to the pore size of the membrane used. From such measurements at various copolymer compositions ( F ), the following empirical relationship is established: where a was found to be −0.076. The validity of the specific refractive index increment at constant chemical potential is established through light‐scattering measurements of the weight‐average chain length of the hydrolyzed polyacrylamides. These were then compared with the chain lengths of the parent nonionic polymers from which they were derived. Excellent agreement is observed, implying the polyelectrolyte characterization method developed, and specifically the (∂ n /∂ c ) μ 's, are accurate and reliable.
Reduced lipoapoptosis, hedgehog pathway activation and fibrosis in caspase-2 deficient mice with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (2014)

These data point to a critical role for caspase-2 in lipid-induced hepatocyte apoptosis in vivo for the production of apoptosis-associated fibrogenic factors and in the progression of lipid-induced liver fibrosis. This raises the intriguing possibility that caspase-2 may be a promising therapeutic target to prevent progression to NASH.
Gene expression profiling before and after internode culture for adventitious shoot formation in ipecac (2022)

The transcriptome data show that expression of cytokinin biosynthesis genes is induced along with the acquisition of cellular pluripotency and the initiation of cell division by wounding in the apical region of internodal segments, that trigger adventitious shoot formation without callusing.
Electric field induced phase transition in charge-ordered LuFe2O4 (2008)

The measurements of resistance under various applied voltages as well as the highly nonlinear current-voltage characteristics reveal that a small electric field is able to induce an insulating to metallic phase transition in LuFe2O4. The threshold field at which the phase transition occurs decreases exponentially with the increasing temperature. We interpret this transition as a consequence of the breakdown of the charge-ordered state triggered by applied electric field. This electrically driven phase transition results in a colossal electroresistance effect around room temperature which makes LuFe2O4 a very promising material for many applications.
Electron paramagnetic resonance studies of manganese(II) and nickel(II) in three structural phases of rubidium magnesium chloride and the crystal structure of 6H-rubidium magnesium chloride (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectron paramagnetic resonance studies of manganese(II) and nickel(II) in three structural phases of rubidium magnesium chloride and the crystal structure of 6H-rubidium magnesium chlorideKenneth O. Devaney, Marc R. Freedman, Gary L. McPherson, and Jerry L. AtwoodCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1981, 20, 1, 140–145Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50215a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50215a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of (.+-.)-7,8-Epoxy-4-basmen-6-one by a Transannular Cyclization Strategy (1995)

The first synthesis of the cembranoid natural product (±)-7,8-epoxy-4-basmen-6-one (1) is described. Key steps of the synthetic route include the cationic cyclization of the acid chloride from 15 to provide the macrocycle 16, and the photochemical transannular radical cyclization of the ester 41 to form the tricyclic product 50. Product 50 was transformed into 1 in ten steps. Transition-state molecular modeling studies were found to provide accurate predictions of the structural and stereochemical outcomes of cyclization reactions explored experimentally in the development of the synthetic route to 1. These investigations should prove valuable in the development of transannular cyclization as a strategy for synthetic simplification.
INFLUENCE DE L'ANCHE ET DE LA TABLE DU BEC SUR LA FRÉQUENCE DE JEU D'UN SYSTÈME À ANCHE SIMPLE (1990)

Nous précisons et proposons une adaptation du modèle classique d'un système anche simple-résonateur (clarinette, saxophone) pour obtenir une évolution de la fréquence de jeu plus réaliste au vu des résultats expérimentaux.
Capacity and optimal power allocation for fading broadcast channels with minimum rates (2003)

We derive the capacity region and optimal power allocation scheme for a slowly fading broadcast channel in which minimum rates must be maintained for each user in all fading states, assuming perfect channel state information at the transmitter and at all receivers. We show that the minimum-rate capacity region can be written in terms of the ergodic capacity region of a broadcast channel with an effective noise determined by the minimum rate requirements. This allows us to characterize the optimal power allocation schemes for minimum-rate capacity in terms of the optimal power allocations schemes that maximize ergodic capacity of the broadcast channel with effective noise. Numerical results are provided for different fading broadcast channel models.
ChemInform Abstract: Cerium Ammonium Nitrate Catalyzed Multicomponent Reaction for Efficient Synthesis of Functionalized Tetrahydropyridines. (2011)

Abstract The reaction proceeds under mild conditions and tolerates a wide range of substrates.
The iec 909 standard and dynamic simulation of short‐circuit currents (1994)

Abstract It has taken a very long time for the Standard Committees, the VDE followed by the IEC, to complete their work on a standard for the unambiguous and conventionally correct determination of the characteristic values which identify the short‐circuit current in low‐medium and high‐voltage systems. This history forms one of the reasons why the procedure employed in the IEC 909 standard, finally arrived at, is potentially oriented towards manual implementation. This procedure is based on an approximation to the method of superposition of the effects; this approximation, however, gives sufficiently accurate results thanks to the use of a number of correction factors, mainly experimental in origin. The present‐day availability of reliable and reasonably priced calculation software for the study of the dynamic behaviour of electric energy systems has suggested a comparison between the results of calculations in accordance with IEC 909 and those using a dynamic simulation dealt with under the well‐known code EMTP. The test networks chosen are precisely those (in increasing order of completeness) put forward and resolved in Appendix A to the IEC 909 standard. The comparison shows a good measure of agreement between the two methods, permitting comment on ‐ and discussion of‐ the two approaches.
Clinical Implication of Anti-Angiogenic Effect of Regorafenib in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (2015)

Regorafenib showed prominent anti-angiogenic effect in colorectal cancer, but the changes were not associated with treatment outcome. However, the anti-angiogenic effects persisted at the time of PD, which suggests that we may need to develop new treatment strategies.
Regular Expression Matching in Reconfigurable Hardware (2007)

In this paper we describe a regular expression pattern matching approach for reconfigurable hardware. Following a Non-deterministic Finite Automata direction, we introduce three new basic building blocks to support constraint repetitions syntaxes more efficiently than previous works. In addition, a number of optimization techniques are employed to reduce the area cost of the designs and maximize performance. Our design methodology is supported by a tool that automatically generates the circuitry for the given regular expressions and outputs Hardware Description Language representations ready for logic synthesis. The proposed approach is evaluated on network Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). Recent IDS use regular expressions to represent hazardous packet payload contents. They require high-speed packet processing providing a challenging case study for pattern matching using regular expressions. We use a number of IDS rulesets to show that our approach scales well as the number of regular expressions increases, and present a step-by-step optimization to survey the benefits of our techniques. The synthesis tool described in this study is used to generate hardware engines to match 300 to 1,500 IDS regular expressions using only 10–45 K logic cells and achieving throughput of 1.6–2.2 and 2.4–3.2 Gbps on Virtex2 and Virtex4 devices, respectively. Concerning the throughput per area required per matching non-Meta character, our hardware engines are 10–20× more efficient than previous Field Programmable Gate Array approaches. Furthermore, the generated designs have comparable area requirements to current application-specific integrated circuit solutions.
Isolation of a cDNA clone encoding pancreatic polypeptide. (1985)

We have isolated a cDNA clone encoding pancreatic polypeptide from a cDNA library constructed with RNA from an endocrine neoplasm of the human pancreas. The cDNA was inserted into plasmid pBR322 and the plasmid was cloned in Escherichia coli. Oligonucleotides (sequence in text) specific for the amino acid sequence (sequence in text) of pancreatic polypeptide were used as hybridization probes. The pancreatic polypeptide cDNA isolated was 465 base pairs long and encoded a peptide of 95 amino acids in the coding region. The 36-amino acid sequence of pancreatic polypeptide was flanked by a 29-amino acid putative leader sequence at the amino terminus and a connecting tripeptide (Gly-Lys-Arg) followed by a 27-amino acid peptide at the carboxyl terminus. The first 20 of the amino acids in the carboxyl-terminal heptacosapeptide were identical to the structure of human pancreatic icosapeptide with the single exception of an isoleucine substitution for valine in the 18th position. This alteration results from an A----G substitution in the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA and may represent a genetic variation or a point mutation in the pancreatic polypeptide cDNA.
Adult versus pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis: important differences and similarities for the clinician to understand (2012)

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is recognized as a common, allergy-associated cause of chronic esophageal symptoms affecting both children and adults. Research has begun to shed light on its epidemiology with consistent results from various geographical areas. Differences in clinical presentation, endoscopic aspects and response to treatment have all been reported for patients of different ages, and the question as to whether adult and pediatric EoE are manifestations of a single entity or in fact two distinct disorders has been posed. The most relevant differences between pediatric and adult EoE come from evolutionary changes in the consequences of the disease, including fibrous remodeling, and the ability to express symptoms. However, most studies support a common pathogenesis and similar histopathological features for adult and pediatric patients, being the same diagnostic criteria applied to them. This article comprehensively reviews the most recently published information and addresses important questions about the natural history of EoE.
Improving Data Governance in Large Organizations through Ontology and Linked Data (2016)

In the past decade, the role of data has increased exponentially from something that is queried or reported on, to becoming a true corporate asset. The same time period has also seen marked growth in corporate structural complexity. This combination has lead to information management challenges, as the data moving across a multitude of systems lends itself to a higher likelihood of impacting dependent processes and systems, should something go wrong or be changed. Many enterprise data projects are faced with low success rates and consequently subject to high amounts of scrutiny as senior leadership struggles to identify return on investment. While there are many tools and methods to increase a companies' ability to govern data, this research is based on the premise that you can not govern what you do not know. This lack of awareness of the corporate data landscape impacts the ability to govern data, which in turn impacts overall data quality within organizations. This paper seeks to propose a tools and techniques for companies to better gain an awareness of the landscape of their data, processes, and organizational attributes through the use of linked data, via the Resource Description Framework (RDF) and ontology. The outcome of adopting such techniques is an increased level of data awareness within the organization, resulting in improved ability to govern corporate data assets, and in turn increased data quality.