gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tight lower bounds and optimal constructions of anonymous broadcast encryption and authentication (2023)

Abstract Broadcast Encryption (BE) is public-key encryption allowing a sender to encrypt a message by specifing recipients, and only the specified recipients can decrypt the message. In several BE applications, since the privacy of recipients allowed to access the message is often as important as the confidentiality of the message, anonymity is introduced as an additional but important security requirement for BE. Kiayias and Samari (IH 2013) presented an asymptotic lower bound on the ciphertext sizes in BE schemes satisfying anonymity (ANO-BE for short). More precisely, their lower bound is derived under the assumption that ANO-BE schemes have a special property. However, it is insufficient to show their lower bound is asymptotically tight since it is unclear whether existing ANO-BE schemes meet the special property. In this work, we derive asymptotically tight lower bounds on the ciphertext size in ANO-BE by assuming only properties that most existing ANO-BE schemes satisfy. With a similar technique, we first derive asymptoticallyPlease provide MSC codes. For more details, please visit http://www.ams.org/msc/. tight lower bounds on the authenticator sizes in Anonymous Broadcast Authentication (ABA). Furthermore, we extend the above result and present (non-asymptotically) tight lower and upper bounds on thePlease check and confirm the Running title. ciphertext sizes in ANO-BE. We show that a variant of ANO-BE scheme proposed by Li and Gong (ACNS 2018) is optimal. We also provide tight bounds on the authenticator sizes in ABA via the same approach as ANO-BE, and propose an optimal construction for ABA.
USING A SPATIAL SYNOPTIC CLIMATOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION TO ASSESS CHANGES IN ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION CONCENTRATIONS (1990)

A spatial synoptic climatological classification is developed for assessing spatial and temporal changes in atmospheric pollution concentrations. Based upon surface weather data for the conterminous United States for 1984, daily maps are produced depicting areas influenced by similar weather conditions. The classification is developed by applying principal components analysis to a daily matrix of 141 stations by 24 weather elements, chosen to represent both thermal/moisture conditions and surface air flow. The principal component scores are grouped using a two-stage clustering technique. The result is a map showing lobes of air which have relatively homogeneous meteorological characteristics and correspond to surface weather map features. The classification is then related to atmospheric concentrations of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide in nine cities. High concentrations are found in stable air masses and during strong anticyclonic control, whereas low concentrations occur in moist, unstable air masses. In addition, daily changes in pollution values exhibit strong relationships to synoptic types. Increasing concentrations are found in clusters identifying transitions to a stable environment (e.g., a cold front passage), while decreasing values are associated with transitions to increasing instability (e.g., increasing maritime flow). This type of analysis has potential utility in the establishment of a climatic baseline against which temporal variations in air quality can be analyzed. [Key words: synoptic climatology, climate classification, air pollution, air quality, principal components analysis, clustering, applied climatology.]
Creep of parylene-C film (2011)

The glass transition temperature of as-deposited parylene-C is first measured to be 50°C with a ramping-temperature-dependent modulus experiment. The creep behavior of parylene-C film in the primary and secondary creep region is then investigated below and above this glass transition temperature using a dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) machine Q800 from TA instruments at 8 different temperatures: 10, 25, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 and 150°C. The Burger's model, which is the combined Maxwell model and Kelvin-Voigt model, fits well with our primary and secondary creep data. Accordingly, the results show that there's little or no creep below the glass transition temperature. Above the glass transition temperature, the primary creep and creep rate increases with the temperature, with a retardation time constant around 6 minutes.
Introduction to the Special Section on PPoPP’15 (2017)

No abstract available.
Phase-conjugation-based fast RF phase stabilization for fiber delivery (2014)

In this paper, we propose a phase-conjugation-based fast radio frequency (RF) phase auto stabilization technique for long-distance fiber delivery. By phase conjugation at the center site, the proposed scheme pre-phase-promotes the RF signal with the shift which is acquired by round-trip transferring another RF whose frequency is half of the one to be sent. Such phase pre-promotion is then used to counteract exactly the following retard induced by one-way delivery. Different from the previous phase-locking-loop-based schemes, the proposed open-loop design avoids the use of any tunable parts and dynamic phase tracking, enabling a fast phase stabilization at the remote site. An end-less compensation capacity can also be achieved. Our design is analyzed by theory. Experimentally, the new scheme is verified by transferring a frequency of 2.42 GHz through a 30-km optical fiber link. Significant phase drift compression is observed. The rapid phase stabilization is verified by introducing sudden time delay change into the link. The recovery time equals to the round-trip time of the link plus the transitional duration of the delay change, which is much shorter than the traditional trial-and-error phase locking loop. Important issues of the system design are discussed.
Soluble guanylyl cyclase activation by HMR-1766 (ataciguat) in cells exposed to oxidative stress (2008)

Many vascular diseases are characterized by increased levels of ROS that destroy the biological activity of nitric oxide and limit cGMP formation. In the present study, we investigated the cGMP-forming ability of HMR-1766 in cells exposed to oxidative stress. Pretreatment of smooth muscle cells with H(2)O(2) reduced cGMP production stimulated by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or BAY 41-2272. However, pretreatment with H(2)O(2) significantly increased HMR-1766 responses. Similar results were obtained with SIN-1, menadione, and rotenone. In addition, HMR-1766 was more effective in stimulating heme-free sGC compared with the wild-type enzyme. Interestingly, in cells expressing heme-free sGC, H(2)O(2) inhibited instead of potentiated HMR-1766 responses, suggesting that the ROS-induced enhancement of cGMP formation was heme dependent. Moreover, using truncated forms of sGC, we observed that the NH(2)-terminus of the beta(1)-subunit is required for the action of HMR-1766. Finally, to study tolerance development to HMR-1766, cells were pretreated with this sGC activator and reexposed to HMR-1766 or SNP. Results from these experiments demonstrated lack of tolerance development to HMR-1766 as well as lack of cross-tolerance with SNP. We conclude that HMR-1766 is an improved sGC activator as it has the ability to activate oxidized/heme-free sGC and is resistant to the development of tolerance; these observations make HMR-1766 a promising agent for treating diseases associated with increased vascular tone combined with enhanced ROS production.
Breast Milk: A Major Source of CMV Infection in Preemies (2001)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) acquired postnatally can cause disease in low-birth-weight infants. CMV shedding in breast milk, documented during reactivation
Column Packing of High Performance Liquid Chromatography by use of Carbon Microbeads from N-Paraffin and Powder Coke (1988)

Carbon microbeads obtained from n-paraffin and petroleum powder coke were found to have potential to use of column packing for the separation of some useful compounds. Separation capability of carbon for hplc column is closely related to its optically anisotropic texture.
Evidence on Time-Varying Factor Models for Equity Portfolio Construction (2008)

Many applicationers derive the variance-covariance matrix (VCM) for mean-variance optimization from some risk model or apply a simple historical estimate. A common problem to these approaches is the stability of the variance-covariance matrix. In turbulent market phases risk estimates from various risk models are well known to be unreliable. One reason for their poor risk forecasting ability is the fact that financial markets are subject to substantial structural change, applied risk models do not account for. In our paper we account for structural changes by deriving VCMs from time-varying estimates of the single factor model, i.e., the market model. We demonstrate the advantages of this approach with respect to risk estimation, portfolio selection and investment performance by means of simulated trading strategies.The problem of choosing the adequate risk model has come in mind of scientific researchers and practioners only recently. While research has focused on forecasting returns for a long time there is a lack of evidence in evaluating the performance of different risk models and the consequences for portfolio optimization. Next to the well known sensitivity of the mean-variance optimization with respect to assumed expected returns the benefits promised by this approach also heavily depend on the accuracy in estimating the VCM (see, for example, [1] and [4]). Given the well known difficulty of estimating expected returns the most important improvement on MV optimization can be made in the VCM estimation which is mainly based on financial econometrics. However, on the performance of alternative risk models and optimization procedures there is only limited scientific evidence, such as [3, 9, 10, 13, 18] among others.
Comparing Algorithms for Clustering of Expression Data: How to Assess Gene Clusters (2009)

Clustering is a popular technique commonly used to search for groups of similarly expressed genes using mRNA expression data. There are many different clustering algorithms and the application of each one will usually produce different results. Without additional evaluation, it is difficult to determine which solutions are better.In this chapter we discuss methods to assess algorithms for clustering of gene expression data. In particular, we present a new method that uses two elements: an internal index of validity based on the MDL principle and an external index of validity that measures the consistency with experimental data. Each one is used to suggest an effective set of models, but it is only the combination of both that is capable of pinpointing the best model overall. Our method can be used to compare different clustering algorithms and pick the one that maximizes the correlation with functional links in gene networks while minimizing the error rate. We test our methods on several popular clustering algorithms as well as on clustering algorithms that are specially tailored to deal with noisy data. Finally, we propose methods for assessing the significance of individual clusters and study the correspondence between gene clusters and biochemical pathways.
Recycling of Superalloy Scrap through Electro Slag Remelting. (1996)

Electro Slag Remelting (ESR) with a water cooled copper electrode has been used for recycling machined superalloy scrap. Careful electrode design and optimization of process parameters are necessary to achieve target composition and mechanical properties. The design criteria are discussed in detail. Coolant water flow rate and velocity need to be carefully chosen to ensure adequate cooling to the electrode. It is necessary to adopt liquid start technique while using the electrode. It is also essential to provide refractory metal (molybdenum) tips at the bottom of the electrode. These tips help in initiating and sustaining the ESR operation. The copper wall thickness should allow formation of a solid slag skin around the copper portion of the electrode to prevent electrode erosion as well as melt contamination. The superalloy scrap was charged through the annular gap between the mould and the electrode. Considering ingot chemistry, soundness and surface finish as the main criteria, ESR process parameters were optimized. Superalloy scrap of composition close to that of Nimonic 80A was remelted using the water cooled electrode. The process has potential for recycling a range of superalloy scrap and scaling up to produce large diameter ingots.
Radiation of Acoustic Energy from a Long Rod into a Semi-Infinite Liquid Medium (1971)

The solution of the problem of the semi-infinite cylindrical ideal rod set in an infinite baffle and radiating into a semi-infinite ideal liquid is the subject of this paper. An approximation method is utilized. The axisymmetric stress fields in the rod are expressed as infinite sums over eigenvalues which are solutions of the dispersion equation. The dispersion equation is obtained by satisfying the appropriate boundry conditions for the rod. The pressure in the liquid is derived using the Green's functions technique. An infinite series of integrals is the result, since the velocity of the rod must be inserted in the integral expression for pressure. In order to solve the problem numerically these infinite sums are truncated. By matching the boundary conditions across the interface, the velocity profile is obtained which can then be used to construct the farfield radiation patterns in the liquid. Power, radiation impedance, beamwidth, directivity factor, and the directivity index are calculated from the fields. The computer results obtained over a limited frequency range for the aluminum-water case validate the approximation method. The technique provides a general method for calculating the velocity profile at the boundary between a vibrating cylindrical rod and a semi-infinite medium.
Bloom's syndrome cells GM1492 lack detectable p53 protein but exhibit normal G1 cell-cycle arrest after UV irradiation. (1994)

The tumor suppressor gene p53 is thought to be a key factor in the onset of G1 cell-cycle arrest following DNA damage. However, here we describe cells derived from a patient with Bloom's syndrome, lacking any detectable p53 protein, that still shows a functional G1 cell-cycle checkpoint after irradiation with UV-C. Comparison with cells from other Bloom's patients showed that the absence of p53 protein is not a specific characteristic of Bloom's syndrome.
CHARGE syndrome: Report of 47 cases and review (1998)

The acronym CHARGE refers to a syndrome of unknown cause. Here we report on 47 CHARGE patients evaluated for the frequency of major anomalies, namely coloboma (79%), heart malformation (85%), choanal atresia (57%), growth and/or mental retardation (100%), genital anomalies (34%), ear anomalies (91%), and/or deafness (62%). In addition, we comment on anomalies observed very frequently in neonates and infants with the CHARGE syndrome, including, minor facial anomalies, neonatal brain stem dysfunction with cranial nerve palsy, and, mostly, internal ear anomalies such as semicircular canal hypoplasia that were found in each patient that could be tested. We propose several criteria for poor survival including male gender, central nervous system and/or oesophageal malformations, and bilateral choanal atresia. No predictive factor regarding developmental prognosis could be identified in our series. A significantly higher mean paternal age at conception together with concordance in monozygotic twins and the existence of rare familial cases support the role of genetic factors such as de novo mutation of a dominant gene or subtle sub-microscopic chromosome rearrangement. Finally, the combination of malformations in CHARGE syndrome strongly supports the view that this multiple congenital anomalies/mental retardation syndrome is a polytopic developmental field defect involving the neural tube and the neural crests cells.
Reduced activity of Arabidopsis thaliana HMT2, a methionine biosynthetic enzyme, increases seed methionine content (2008)

In the S-methylmethionine cycle of plants, homocysteine methyltransferase (HMT) catalyzes the formation of two molecules of methionine from homocysteine and S-methylmethionine, and methionine methyltransferase (MMT) catalyzes the formation of methionine from S-methylmethionine using S-adenosylmethionine as a methyl group donor. Somewhat surprisingly, two independently isolated knockdown mutations of HMT2 (At3g63250), one of three Arabidopsis thaliana genes encoding homocysteine methyltransferase, increased free methionine abundance in seeds. Crosses and flower stalk grafting experiments demonstrate that the maternal genotype at the top of the flower stalk determines the seed S-methylmethionine and methionine phenotype of hmt2 mutants. Uptake, transport and inter-conversion of [(13)C]S-methylmethionine and [(13)C]methionine in hmt2, mmt and wild-type plants show that S-methylmethionine is a non-essential intermediate in the movement of methionine from vegetative tissue to the seeds. Together, these results support a model whereby elevated S-methylmethionine in hmt2 vegetative tissue is transported to seeds and either directly or indirectly results in the biosynthesis of additional methionine. Manipulation of the S-methylmethionine cycle may provide a new approach for improving the nutritional value of major grain crops such as rice, as methionine is a limiting essential amino acid for mammalian diets.
BRCA1, a Potential Predictive Biomarker in the Treatment of Breast Cancer (2007)

To date, estrogen receptor, progestogen receptor, and HER2/neu represent molecular biomarkers currently used in routine clinical practice to aid treatment decisions. Over the last few years, a large body of preclinical and retrospective clinical data has accumulated that suggests that BRCA1 mutation functions as a novel predictive marker of response to chemotherapy. This article reviews the role of BRCA1 as a predictive marker of chemotherapy response in breast cancer and examines the link between BRCA1 deficiency and the basal-like phenotype. Search strategy. Data for this article were identified through MEDLINE and PubMed searches for published reports using the terms BRCA1, breast cancer, basal-like, chemotherapy, prognosis, and predictive markers. In some cases, due to the restriction of space, readers are referred to review articles to allow further reading. Only articles published in English were included.
Primary position upbeat nystagmus increased on downward gaze (1998)

We describe a patient with multiple sclerosis who had primary position upbeat nystagmus that increased in amplitude on downward gaze. Pathologic examination revealed demyelinating foci with macrophage infiltration in the lower medulla, involving the perihypoglossal nuclei (the intercalatus nuclei). A lesion of this region may be responsible for upbeat nystagmus.
THE NEW FEDERAL CRIMINAL RULES (1942)

THE federal courts have set the pace in the task of improving the administration of justice not only for most of the state courts, but, in some respects, for the federal administrative tribunals as well. 1 There are few, if any, judicial structures as free from complexity as the federal courts.In the work of attending to the business and administrative affairs of a judicial system, moreover, no state has an organization comparable to the Administrative Office of the United States Courts. 2 Furthermore, in the adaptation of relatively simple rules to the work of governing court procedures, few jurisdictions have achieved the simplicity and efficiency of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.The work of the Advisory Committee of the United States Supreme Court on Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure is nut, it will be seen, an isolated effort to improve procedure; on the contrary, it is an integral part of a broad program for simplicity and efficiency in all branches of judicial administration.The federal system of courts did not attain its present symmetry of district courts, circuit courts of appeals, and a Supreme Court without considerable experimentation.The Administrative Office of the United States Courts was born of turmoil.'The act granting the rule-making power in civil cases to the Supreme Court was passed only after a crusade by the bar lasting thirty years. 1 In contrast, the act conferring on the Court the rule-making power in criminal cases t Chairman, United States Supreme Court Advisry CuAmmittee c-n Rules ,f Crimimal
Structural Mechanism of Trimeric HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein Activation (2012)

HIV-1 infection begins with the binding of trimeric viral envelope glycoproteins (Env) to CD4 and a co-receptor on target T-cells. Understanding how these ligands influence the structure of Env is of fundamental interest for HIV vaccine development. Using cryo-electron microscopy, we describe the contrasting structural outcomes of trimeric Env binding to soluble CD4, to the broadly neutralizing, CD4-binding site antibodies VRC01, VRC03 and b12, or to the monoclonal antibody 17b, a co-receptor mimic. Binding of trimeric HIV-1 BaL Env to either soluble CD4 or 17b alone, is sufficient to trigger formation of the open quaternary conformation of Env. In contrast, VRC01 locks Env in the closed state, while b12 binding requires a partial opening in the quaternary structure of trimeric Env. Our results show that, despite general similarities in regions of the HIV-1 gp120 polypeptide that contact CD4, VRC01, VRC03 and b12, there are important differences in quaternary structures of the complexes these ligands form on native trimeric Env, and potentially explain differences in the neutralizing breadth and potency of antibodies with similar specificities. From cryo-electron microscopic analysis at ∼9 Å resolution of a cleaved, soluble version of trimeric Env, we show that a structural signature of the open Env conformation is a three-helix motif composed of α-helical segments derived from highly conserved, non-glycosylated N-terminal regions of the gp41 trimer. The three N-terminal gp41 helices in this novel, activated Env conformation are held apart by their interactions with the rest of Env, and are less compactly packed than in the post-fusion, six-helix bundle state. These findings suggest a new structural template for designing immunogens that can elicit antibodies targeting HIV at a vulnerable, pre-entry stage.
Genome‐wide DNA methylation profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in irritable bowel syndrome (2015)

This study is the first to comprehensively explore the methylome of IBS patients. We identified DMPs in novel candidate genes which could provide new insights into disease mechanisms; however, these preliminary findings warrant confirmation in larger, independent studies.