gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of an Interferometric Coordinate Measuring Machine Used for Step-gauge Calibration. (2002)

These are many kinds of geometrical gauges used for calibration of machine tools and coordinate measuring machines (CMMs). A step-gauge is a kind of calibration gauge, It consists of many short block-gauges. Block-gauges were directly calibrated by an interferometer using method of exact fraction. The method, however does not apply to the calibration of step-gauges because of their complicated structure. The calibration works are very important missions in national metrology institutes (NMIs). We developed the step-gauge calibration system that consisted of a CMM and an interferometer. In this paper, we describe the performance of a CMM system combined with an for step-gauge calibration and the evaluation of the measurement uncertainty. The uncertainty in measurement using this system is about 1.0μm(k=2) for 1-meter measurement.
The Improvement of Extractive Emission in InGaAlP Quantum Wells Light Emitting Diodes by Microstructures (2003)

To solve the problem of low extractive efficiency in semiconductor light emitting diodes(LED),a proposal of introducing microstructures onto the top of LED was presented.Based on this idea,the InGaAlP quantum wells LEDs with centric ring-grooves microstructures have been successfully prepared by the conventional micro-fabrication.As a result,the vertical extractive light intensity from the novel LED was obviously stronger than that of the LED without microstructures.This success provides a new method for improving extraction efficiency from LED.
Novel Approach for Optimisation of Fibre Bragg Grating Sensor Network for Efficient Damage Detection in Composite Structures (2013)

With the increased use of fibre reinforced composites in load bearing structures especially in the aerospace industry, it is crucial to have in-situ structural health monitoring systems to ensure safe operation of the structure. When it comes to using fibre Bragg grating sensors for the task, it is not possible to monitor the structure using a single sensor. Consequently, many FBG sensors are needed for monitoring the integrity of a complex composite structure. Randomly placed or uniform sensor networks prevent the optimisation of sensor layout required for efficient detection of damage. In addition, provision for error or insensitivity must be avoided in the process of structural health monitoring.This paper details research work conducted to develop a procedure for optimising an FBG sensor network. Furthermore, procedures for the immediate rehabilitation of FBG sensor networks due to obsolete/broken sensors, has also been investigated. In this study, an artificial neural network (ANN) was developed and successfully deployed to virtually simulate the broken/obsolete sensors in a FBG sensor network. The prediction of the ANN network was found to be within 0.1% error levels.
Klebsiella pneumoniae O1 and O2ac antigens provide prototypes for an unusual strategy for polysaccharide antigen diversification (2019)

A limited range of different structures is observed in O-antigenic polysaccharides (OPSs) from <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> lipopolysaccharides. Among these, several are based on modifications of a conserved core element of serotype O2a OPS, which has a disaccharide repeat structure [→3)-α-d-Gal<i>p</i>-(1→3)-β-d-Gal<i>f</i>-(1→]. Here, we describe the enzymatic pathways for a highly unusual modification strategy involving the attachment of a second glycan repeat-unit structure to the nonreducing terminus of O2a. This occurs by the addition of the O1 [→3)-α-d-Gal<i>p</i>-(1→3)-β-d-Gal<i>p</i>-(1→] or O2c [→3)-β-d-Glc<i>p</i>NAc-(1→5)-β-d-Gal<i>f</i>-(1→] antigens. The organization of the enzyme activities performing these modifications differs, with the enzyme WbbY possessing two glycosyltransferase catalytic sites solely responsible for O1 antigen polymerization and forming a complex with the O2a glycosyltransferase WbbM. In contrast, O2c polymerization requires glycosyltransferases WbmV and WbmW, which interact with one another but apparently not with WbbM. Using defined synthetic acceptors and site-directed mutants to assign the activities of the WbbY catalytic sites, we found that the C-terminal WbbY domain is a UDP-Gal<i>p</i>-dependent GT-A galactosyltransferase adding β-(1→3)-linked d-Gal<i>p</i>, whereas the WbbY N terminus includes a GT-B enzyme adding α-(1→3)-linked d-Gal<i>p</i> These activities build the O1 antigen on a terminal Gal<i>p</i> in the O2a domain. Using similar approaches, we identified WbmV as the UDP-GlcNAc transferase and noted that WbmW represents a UDP-Gal<i>f</i>-dependent enzyme and that both are GT-A members. WbmVW polymerizes the O2c antigen on a terminal Gal<i>f.</i> Our results provide mechanistic and conceptual insights into an important strategy for polysaccharide antigen diversification in bacteria.
Covert underwater acoustic communications – coherent scheme (2012)

Achieving reliable communication over underwater acoustic (UWA) channels is a challenging problem owing to the scarce bandwidth available and the double spreading phenomenon, i.e., spreading in both time (multipath delay spread) and frequency domains (Doppler spread) [Kilfoyle & Baggeroer 2000]. Delay and Doppler spreading is inherent to many practical communication channels, but are considerably amplified in UWA environments [Stojanovic et al. 1994]. Double spreading complicates the receiver structure and makes it difficult to extract the desired symbols from the received signals.
Howard,P. y Jones,S. "Sociedad on-line" (2006)

Philip N. HOWARD ; Steve JONES, Sociedad on-line. Internet en contexto.
Computer Assisted Spine Surgery (1997)

When inserting screws into a vertebral pedicle, the surgeon usually exposes the back part of the vertebra and uses his or her anatomic knowledge to align the drill in the proper direction. A slight error in direction may result in an important error in the position of the tip of the screw. This is done with no direct visibility of crucial structures (spinal cord, pleura, vessels). Statistical analysis of a series of surgical procedures has shown that 10% to 40% of the screws are not installed correctly. To reduce the risk of complication, a computer assisted method is proposed that enables the surgeon to place a screw at a position preoperatively defined in 3 dimensions using computed tomography images. This allows the surgeon to align a standard surgical drill with the optimal position and direction. The depth of the pilot hole during drilling also is monitored by the system to prevent penetration of the anterior cortex of the vertebral body. Using this procedure, in vitro tests were performed and showed that an accuracy of less than 1 mm can be obtained. Clinical trials were done in 10 patients who suffered severe scoliosis or spondylolisthesis. The trajectory of the holes drilled in L2, L3, L4, and L5 vertebrae were checked for all clinical tests. Postoperative radiographs and computed tomography scans showed that the screws were well inserted in each plane for each pedicle. This technique also can be used to perform osteosynthesis at the thoracic and cervical levels.
Inhibitors of Thermus thermophilus Isopropylmalate Dehydrogenase (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInhibitors of Thermus thermophilus Isopropylmalate DehydrogenaseMichael C. Pirrung, Hyunsoo Han, and Richard T. LudwigCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 9, 2430–2436Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00088a026RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views657Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (845 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Reef-Crest Wave and Current Interactions and Sediment Transport: ABSTRACT (1979)

A recent investigation of wave-current processes in a shallow reef-crest environment (eastern Nicaragua) indicates that rapid energy transformations associated with breaking waves are important to sediment transport as well as circulation in the back-reef lagoon. Although these interactions have been considered by other studies, they have not been treated quantitatively. Wave sensors were placed on the seaward and lagoonward sides of the reef crest. Current meters were positioned on the reef crest and in the lee-side moat channel. Energy loss (~67%), calculated from wave-height changes as estimated from wave spectra, are related to depth of water over the reef. At high tide, instantaneous current speeds and wave modifications are minimized even though wave heights are decidedly reduced between fore-reef and back-reef areas. Low-tide conditions favor extreme energy losses resulting from more intense wave breaking. Over-the-crest current velocities are greatest near low tide. Waves in the back reef appear to be solitary in nature, thus favoring greater onshore velocities. Current surges of 50 to 80 cm/sec for durations of a few seconds occurred under the low-wave-energy input conditions of the experiment (4 to 6 sec input waves and average heights of ~45 cm). These periodic currents of short duration are sufficient to drive coarse-grained sediment into the back-reef lagoon. Mean currents are in the range of 10 to 20 cm/sec and therefore do not reflect the true dynamic nature of reef-crest environments. Most currents reverse with tide. On rising tide, moat-current direction indicates lagoon filling, but the reverse is true of falling tide. Representative current speeds of 10 to 20 cm/sec are typical of these exchanges. Data from other areas indicate that reef-crest morphology and lagoon geometry are important to the sediment-transport problem. However, breaking waves drive sediment across the crest by strong surge currents. Water driven across the crest controls circulation and resultant sediment-dispersal patterns in shallow back-reef lagoons. Tidal variations cause periodic fluctuations in the intensity of wave and current interactions at the reef crest. End_of_Article - Last_Page 517------------
Electrospinning and additive manufacturing: converging technologies (2012)

A well-engineered scaffold for regenerative medicine, which is suitable to be translated from the bench to the bedside, combines inspired design, technical innovation and precise craftsmanship. Electrospinning and additive manufacturing are separate approaches to manufacturing scaffolds for a variety of tissue engineering applications. A need to accurately control the spatial distribution of pores within scaffolds has recently resulted in combining the two processing methods, to overcome shortfalls in each technology. This review describes where electrospinning and additive manufacturing are used together to generate new porous structures for biological applications.
Method to analyze cost effectiveness of different electric bus systems (2016)

This paper presents a method developed to analyze a complete electric bus system including electricity supply infrastructure, charging system, buses' energy system and scheduling. This method can give an understanding of what kind of electric bus system that is the most cost-effective based on local conditions such as transport demand and type of electricity infrastructure available. It is being used as a tool in planning and construction of future public transport systems.
A ring-enlarged oxetanocin A analog as an inhibitor HIV infectivity (1991)

Two ring-expanded analogues (compounds 2 and 3) of the anti-HIV fermentation product oxetanocin A (1) were synthesized from commercially available diacetone D-glucose. Antiviral testing against HIV in ATH8 cells revealed that the ring-expanded analogue 2 possessed a similar activity profile as oxetanocin A. Neither compound, however, was capable of providing full protection to the cells against HIV infection. The isomeric ring-expanded analogue 3 was totally devoid of anti-HIV activity. Molecular modeling suggested that while oxetanocin A and compounds 2 and 3 share a large common substructure with the potent anti-HIV drug, dideoxyadenosine (ddA), the extra hydroxymethyl substituent may contribute negatively to the binding of these molecules to a critical enzyme. The negative contribution may be less important in oxetanocin and isomer 2 than in isomer 3. From these studies it would appear that both oxetane and tetrahydrofuran rings are equivalent templates to support the adenine base in terms of anti-HIV activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Ternary Halides of the A3MX6 Type. Part 6. Ternary Chlorides of the Rare‐Earth Elements with Lithium, Li3LnCl6 (Ln: Tb‐Lu, Y, Sc): Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Ionic Motion. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Variability of office, 24-hour ambulatory, and self-monitored blood pressure measurements (2010)

Office blood pressure is impractical for precise assessment, as 10-13 measurements are required to give the accuracy required for rational titration of antihypertensive drugs. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory monitoring is better than a single office measurement, but considerable uncertainty remains around the estimate. A week of self-monitoring appears to be the most accurate method of measuring blood pressure, but remains imperfect. Further research may identify superior self-monitoring schedules. Given the inherent accuracy in blood pressure measurement, the importance of considering overall cardiovascular risk is emphasised.
Delphi Panel Consensus Regarding Current Clinical Practice Management Options for Demodex blepharitis (2023)

Expert panelists achieved consensus on key facets of DB treatment. Specifically, there was consensus that collarettes are pathognomonic for DB, that DB patients with >10 collarettes should be treated even in the absence of symptoms, and that treatment efficacy can be tracked by collarette resolution. By increasing awareness about DB, understanding the goals of and monitoring treatment efficacy, patients will receive better care and, ultimately, better clinical outcomes.
Use of Recombinant Antigens for the Accurate Immunodiagnosis of Chagas' Disease (1992)

We tested two Trypanosoma cruzi recombinant antigens in a diagnostic test for Chagas' disease. These antigens were a cytoplasmic repetitive antigen (CRA) and a flagellar repetitive antigen (FRA). The results indicate that the recombinant antigens give better results when used in combination than when used separately, and that the removal of the beta-galactosidase portion of the recombinant fusion proteins increases the specificity of the diagnostic test for Chagas' disease. In addition, a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which involves the use of peroxidase-labeled antigens to detect the immune-complexes, was developed and compared with a conventional ELISA. The results indicate that the recombinant (CRA+FRA) ELISA is better than the conventional ELISA in the diagnosis of Chagas' disease, providing 100% specificity and sensitivity in all sera tested to date. The recombinant ELISA was compared with conventional serologic tests (hemagglutination and immunofluorescence) for Chagas' disease diagnosis, and the results show that the recombinant ELISA does not give rise to false-positive results that are observed with the two other tests. The use of the recombinant ELISA should be useful in the prevention of transmission of Chagas' disease by blood transfusions.
Upregulation of miR145 and miR126 in EVs from Renal Cells Undergoing EMT and Urine of Diabetic Nephropathy Patients (2022)

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe kidney-related complication of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and the most frequent cause of end-stage kidney disease. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) present in the urine mainly derive from the cells of the nephron, thus representing an interesting tool mirroring the kidney's physiological state. In search of the biomarkers of disease progression, we here assessed a panel of urinary EV miRNAs previously related to DN in type 2 diabetic patients stratified based on proteinuria levels. We found that during DN progression, miR145 and miR126 specifically increased in urinary EVs from diabetic patients together with albuminuria. In vitro, miRNA modulation was assessed in a model of TGF-β1-induced glomerular damage within a three-dimensional perfusion system, as well as in a model of tubular damage induced by albumin and glucose overload. Both renal tubular cells and podocytes undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal transition released EVs containing increased miR145 and miR126 levels. At the same time, miR126 levels were reduced in EVs released by glomerular endothelial cells. This work highlights a modulation of miR126 and miR145 during the progression of kidney damage in diabetes as biomarkers of epithelial to mesenchymal transition.
The influence of different workload descriptions on a heuristic load balancing scheme (1991)

A task scheduler based on the concept of a stochastic learning automation, implemented on a network of Unix workstations, is described. Creating an artificial, executable workload, a number of experiments were conducted to determine the effect of different workload descriptions. These workload descriptions characterize the load at one host and determine whether a newly created task is to be executed locally or remotely. Six one-dimensional workload descriptors are examined. Two workload descriptions that are more complex are also considered. It is shown that the best single workload descriptor is the number of tasks in the run queue. The use of the worst workload descriptor, the 1-min load average, resulted in an increase of the mean response time of over 32%, compared to the best descriptor. The two best workload descriptors, the number of tasks in the run queue and the system call rate, are combined to measure a host's load. Experimental results indicate that no performance improvements over the scheduler versions using a one-dimensional workload descriptor can be obtained.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Eddy current power dissipation at sharp corners: transmission lines and local partition of the internal impedance of conductors (1994)

A general formula is derived, within the framework of the low frequency transmission line formulation, for the internal impedance per unit length of good conductors in terms of the surface electric field. This is used to partition the internal impedance per unit length into a part resulting from the perfectly conducting surface current distribution and corrections resulting from local surface features such as sharp corners. The two electrical properties, skin depth and surface impedance divided by the product of frequency times external magnetic permeability, must be small compared to other distances in the problem (for example the distance between local features such as corners) for this partitioning to be useful. The concept of how the sizes of these two electrical parameters and the ratio of internal-to-external magnetic permeabilities influence the use of approximations, such as the surface impedance approximation, is discussed and illustrated on the problem of a current filament above a conducting half space. The general results obtained in this paper are applied in future papers to obtain the local impedance corrections for right angle corners with arbitrary ratios of internal-to-external magnetic permeabilities.
The role of abscisic acid and salination in the adaptive response of plants to reduced root aeration (1972)

Journal Article The role of abscisic acid and salination in the adaptive response of plants to reduced root aeration Get access Yosef Mizrahi, Yosef Mizrahi Division of Life Sciences, Negev Institute for Arid Zone Research, Beer ShevaIsrael Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Amos Blumenfeld, Amos Blumenfeld Division of Life Sciences, Negev Institute for Arid Zone Research, Beer ShevaIsrael Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Amos E. Richmond Amos E. Richmond Division of Life Sciences, Negev Institute for Arid Zone Research, Beer ShevaIsrael Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Plant and Cell Physiology, Volume 13, Issue 1, February 1972, Pages 15–21, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a074712 Published: 01 February 1972 Article history Received: 12 June 1971 Published: 01 February 1972
A review on USFDA warning letter and violation observed in Pharmaceutical Industry (2016)

A review on USFDA observation and finding while inspection of pharmaceutical the present review provides some important, significant observation and measure of compliance. USFDA is a regulatory body governing health products which are made (in or outside USA) and marketed in united States of America. Significant deviation from cGMP and significant violation from cGMP for both API Facility and formulations. Strictly compliance requirements under 21 Code of federal regulations
[A gene expression study and the isolation and immunobiological properties of the iron-regulated membrane proteins of the plague microbe]. (1995)

The study has examined how the plague bacillus expresses genes of two high-molecular weight (190 and 240 kD) iron-regulated membrane proteins (HMWP). The latter were purified and assayed for their immunobiological properties in vitro and in vivo. DNA-probing (at E.Carniel's Laboratory, Pasteur Institute, Paris) has indicated that Yersinia pestis strains having genes that code for HMWP synthesis circulate in the natural foci of plague which are situated in the former USSR. The use of HMWP in combination with live plague vaccine EV was found to greatly enhance its immunogenicity.
A Quinone-Bromide Flow Battery with 1 W/cm2Power Density (2015)

We report the performance of a quinone-bromide redox flow battery and its dependence on electrolyte composition, flow rate, operating temperature, electrode and membrane materials and pre-treatment. The results of this study are used to develop a cell with a peak galvanic power density reaching 1.0 W/cm<sup>2</sup>.
Novel sesquiterpenoids from the fairy ring fungus, Marasmiusoreades (1989)

The structures of four new drimane-type sesquiterpenes 1–4 produced in liquid cultures of the fairy ring fungus, Marasmiusoreades, have been determined by a combination of chemical and spectroscopic methods. The structure assigned to one of these sesquiterpenes (1) has been confirmed by an X-ray crystallographic study. An unprecedented feature of all four sesquiterpenes is the biosynthetic elaboration of C8–C12 and C15 of the drimane skeleton to a dioxabicyclooctane moiety. In addition, two of the sesquiterpenes possess an uncommon α orientation of the hydroxyl groups at C3. Keywords: sesquiterpenes, fungal metabolites, drimanes, fairy ring mushroom, crystal structure.