gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
B-mode ultrasonic imaging in the preoperative evaluation of saphenous vein. (1987)

This prospective study was undertaken to determine if B-mode ultrasonic imaging of the greater saphenous vein can provide reliable information about anatomy, sites of valves, and location of major tributaries or duplicate systems. Preoperative ultrasonic imaging was performed on 15 consecutive patients prior to in situ saphenous bypass. The findings of the ultrasonic evaluations were compared with the intraoperative findings. Preoperative assessment of the greater saphenous vein was performed with a high resolution real-time B-mode ultrasonic imager. The procedure was performed with the patient seated with the leg extended. The saphenous vein was imaged starting at the ankle. A waterproof pen was used to mark the vein. The locations of valves and tributary vessels were marked and the diameter of the saphenous vein was recorded. These results were compared with operative findings. In all 15 patients, the saphenous vein was imaged. There was 100 per cent accuracy in the detection and location of valve sites. In one patient, the proximal portion of the vein was thrombosed and this was detected by the B-mode scan. There was exact correlation in 14 of 15 limbs (93%). The one error was due to the examiners' failure to identify a triple venous system; only a double venous system was identified by scan in this patient. The actual venous diameter was consistently within 0.5 mm of that measured by the ultrasound imager. In all patients, the ultrasound image demonstrated the correct anatomic location and size of the vein. In conclusion, B-mode ultrasonic imaging provides an accurate description of the anatomy of the saphenous vein, without the morbidity associated with contrast venography.
Automatic audio tag classification via semi-supervised canonical density estimation (2011)

We propose a novel semi-supervised method for building a statistical model that represents the relationship between sounds and text labels ("tags"). The proposed method, named semi-supervised canonical density estimation, makes use of unlabeled sound data in two ways: 1) a low-dimensional latent space representing topics of sounds is extracted by a semi-supervised variant of canonical correlation analysis, and 2) topic models are learned by multi-class extension of semi-supervised kernel density estimation in the topic space. Real-world audio tagging experiments indicate that our pro posed method improves the accuracy even when only a small number of labeled sounds are available.
Mitigation of Modal Crosstalk-induced Power Fading in Mode Division Multiplexed W-Band RoF links (2016)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text N. P. Diamantopoulos, Y. Takami, Y. Yoshida, A. Maruta, A. Kanno, N. Yamamoto, T. Kawanishi, R. Maruyama, N. Kuwaki, S. Matsuo, and K. Kitayama, "Mitigation of Modal Crosstalk-induced Power Fading in Mode Division Multiplexed W-Band RoF links," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2016), paper Th4A.1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
BIOKDD01 (2002)

In this report we provide a summary of the BIOKDD01 Workshop on Data Mining in Bioinformatics, held in conjunction with the 7th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, August 26, 2001 at San Francisco, California, USA.
A New Refractometer For Use In Oceanography (1986)

Given the problems inherent in electrical sensing in the oceans and the advancing technology of fiber-optics, an optical sensing technique has been developed that measures the refractive index of different materials by wavelength modulation and relates these values to oceanographic parameters such as temperature, pressure, salinity, and density. The refractometer herein described is of innovative design and is capable of stable and remote operation.
Influence of the Use of an Ionic Liquid as Pre-Hydrodistillation Maceration Medium on the Composition and Yield of Cannabis sativa L. Essential Oil (2021)

<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. is a multi-purpose crop, whose resilience, adaptability and soil-enriching properties make it a low-impact production. In the last years, the cultivation of the "industrial" hemp varieties (THC < 0.2%) has been promoted by many Countries, opening a whole new market of hemp-derived products, such as its essential oil (EO). Its distillation might represent an effective method to exploit a residue of the hemp fiber production (flowers), complying with the guidelines of the circular economy. In the present work, different concentrations of an ionic liquid (IL; 1,3-dimethyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium dimethylphosphate) have been studied as a pre-hydrodistillation maceration medium. The EO yields have been evaluated, and their compositions have been analyzed by GC-EIMS. The use of 100% and 90% IL concentrations gave a hydrodistillation yield increment of 250% and 200%, respectively. The 200% yield increase was maintained when the 100% IL was recycled after the hydrodistillation. The lower IL concentrations incremented the cannabinoid and oxygenated sesquiterpene contents, while the opposite was true for sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The proposed IL-enhanced hydrodistillation medium applied to hemp, studied for the first time in the present work, might be used to both (i) noteworthy increment the hydrodistillation yield and (ii) modulate the obtained EO composition based on the desired final product.
600 MHz direct modulation of short external cavity wavelength-tunable diode laser (2004)

The current modulation characteristics of a short external cavity tunable laser are presented. The 1540 nm Fabry-Perot diode laser is wavelength-tuned by the electrostatically controlled silicon micromachined Fabry-Perot interferometer device. The measured −3 dB cutoff frequency of 600 MHz is the widest reported direct modulation bandwidth of the external cavity tunable laser.
Designing extensible IP router software (2005)

Many problems with today's Internet routing infrastructure--slow BGP convergence times exacerbated by timer-based route scanners, the difficulty of evaluating new protocols--are not architectural or protocol problems, but software problems. Router software designers have tackled scaling challenges above all, treating extensibility and latency concerns as secondary. At this point in the Internet's evolution, however, further scaling and security issues require tackling latency and extensibility head-on.We present the design and implementation of XORP, an IP routing software stack with strong emphases on latency, scaling, and extensibility. XORP is event-driven, and aims to respond to routing changes with minimal delay--an increasingly crucial requirement, given rising expectations for Internet reliability and convergence time. The XORP design consists of a composable framework of routing processes, each in turn composed of modular processing stages through which routes flow. Extensibility and latency concerns have influenced XORP throughout, from IPC mechanisms to process arrangements to intra-process software structure, and leading to novel designs. In this paper we discuss XORP's design and implementation, and evaluate the resulting software against our performance and extensibility goals.
Supplementary Figure 4 from T-cell Expression of IL10 Is Essential for Tumor Immune Surveillance in the Small Intestine (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Intra-polyp perforin (green) and granzyme B (red) immunofluorescent co-staining (yellow) on 4 um sections from APCdelta468 and IL2pIL-10 APCdelta468 mice; x400.&lt;/p&gt;
Crystal structure of salt‐tolerant glutaminase from Micrococcus luteus K‐3 in the presence and absence of its product l‐glutamate and its activator Tris (2009)

Glutaminase from Micrococcus luteus K-3 [Micrococcus glutaminase (Mglu); 456 amino acid residues (aa); 48 kDa] is a salt-tolerant enzyme. Our previous study determined the structure of its major 42-kDa fragment. Here, using new crystallization conditions, we determined the structures of the intact enzyme in the presence and absence of its product L-glutamate and its activator Tris, which activates the enzyme by sixfold. With the exception of a 'lid' part (26-29 aa) and a few other short stretches, the structures were all very similar over the entire polypeptide chain. However, the presence of the ligands significantly reduced the length of the disordered regions: 41 aa in the unliganded structure (N), 21 aa for L-glutamate (G), 8 aa for Tris (T) and 6 aa for both L-glutamate and Tris (TG). L-glutamate was identified in both the G and TG structures, whereas Tris was only identified in the TG structure. Comparison of the glutamate-binding site between Mglu and salt-labile glutaminase (YbgJ) from Bacillus subtilis showed significantly smaller structural changes of the protein part in Mglu. A comparison of the substrate-binding pocket of Mglu, which is highly specific for L-glutamine, with that of Erwinia carotovora asparaginase, which has substrates other than L-glutamine, shows that Mglu has a larger substrate-binding pocket that prevents the binding of L-asparagine with proper interactions.
Estimation of the Absorption Coefficient of Stearic Acid in SALATRIM Fats (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEstimation of the Absorption Coefficient of Stearic Acid in SALATRIM FatsL. P. Klemann, J. W. Finley, and G. A. LeveilleCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 2, 484–488Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00038a044https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00038a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views138Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Microendoscopy reveals positive correlation in multiscale length changes and variable sarcomere lengths across different regions of human muscle (2018)

Sarcomere length is a key physiological parameter that affects muscle force output; however, our understanding of the scaling of human muscle from sarcomere to whole muscle is based primarily on cadaveric data. The aims of this study were to explore the in vivo relationship between passive fascicle length and passive sarcomere length at different muscle-tendon unit lengths and determine whether sarcomere and fascicle length relationships are the same in different regions of muscle. A microendoscopy needle probe capable of in vivo sarcomere imaging was inserted into a proximal location of the human tibialis anterior muscle at three different ankle positions [5° dorsiflexion, 5° plantar flexion (PF), and 15° PF] and one distal location at a constant ankle position (5° PF distal). Ultrasound imaging of tibialis anterior fascicles, centered on the location of the needle probe, was performed for each condition to estimate fascicle length. Sarcomere length and fascicle length increased with increasing muscle-tendon unit length, although the correlation between sarcomere length change and muscle fascicle length change was only moderate (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.45). Passive sarcomere length was longer at the distal imaging site than the proximal site (<i>P</i> = 0.01). When sarcomere number was estimated from sarcomere length and fascicle length, there were fewer sarcomeres in the fibers of distal location than the proximal location (<i>P</i> = 0.01). These data demonstrate that fascicle length changes are representative of sarcomere length changes, although significant variability in sarcomere length exists within a muscle and sarcomere number per fiber is region-dependent.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> Sarcomere and fascicle lengths were measured in vivo from human muscle to examine the relationship between the different scales of organization. Changes in fascicle length were moderately related to sarcomere length changes; however, sarcomere length and number per fiber varied from proximal to distal regions of the muscle. Differences in average sarcomere operating lengths across the muscle suggest potentially different stresses or strains experienced within different regions of muscle.
Cell Division Controls Final Fruit Size in Three Apple (Malus x domestica) Cultivars (2022)

Apple (Malus x domestica) fruit size is dependent on cell division and cell expansion, processes that are subsequently regulated by plant hormones such as auxins, gibberellins, and cytokinins. In this study, we investigated the role of cell division and cell expansion in apple growth and identified which of the two was more deterministic of final fruit size. Three cultivars of different sizes were selected, namely, “Twenty Ounce” (large-sized), “Royal Gala” (medium-sized), and “Crabapple” (small-sized). Gene expression and cell size analyses were conducted over the course of two consecutive seasons. The expression patterns of three classes of genes were markedly similar across all cultivars. Two cell division markers, namely MdCDKB2;2 and MdANT2, were discovered to be correlatively expressed, as both displayed initially high expression levels, which gradually declined from the early to late stages of the growth time course. For cell expansion markers, MdEXP3 was upregulated as the cells expanded, while MdARF106 was expressed in both the cell division and expansion stages. Meanwhile, the ripening-related gene MdACO1 was expectedly expressed only during the ending stages associated with ripening. Interestingly, the cell measurements taken regularly from each cultivar throughout the same experimental timespan showed that cell sizes were unaltered and remained constant from initial pollination at the zeroth Day After Pollination (DAP) to ripening at 120 Days After Full Bloom (DAFB).
Deorphanization and characterization of the ectopically expressed olfactory receptor OR51B5 in myelogenous leukemia cells (2016)

The ectopic expression of olfactory receptors (ORs) in the human body has been of major interest in the past decade. Several studies have reported the expression of ORs not only in healthy tissues such as heart, sperm or skin cells, but also in cancerous tissues of the liver, prostate or intestine. In the present study, we detected the expression of OR51B5 in the chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cell line K562 and in white blood cell samples of clinically diagnosed acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients by reverse transcription-PCR and immunocytochemical staining. The known OR51B5 ligand isononyl alcohol increased the levels of intracellular Ca(2+) in both AML patient blood cells and K562 cells. With calcium imaging experiments, we characterized in greater detail the OR51B5-mediated signaling pathway. Here, we observed an involvement of adenylate cyclase and the downstream L-type and T-type calcium channels. In addition, the activation of OR51B5 leads to an inhibition of cell proliferation in K562 cells. In western blot experiments, we found that incubation with isononyl alcohol led to a reduction in p38-MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) phosphorylation that might be responsible for the decreased cell proliferation. In the present study, we characterized the OR51B5-mediated signaling pathway downstream of the activation with isononyl alcohol, which leads to reduced proliferation and therefore provide a novel pharmacological target for CML and AML, the latter of which remains difficult to treat.
Epigenetics, Built Environment and Atopy (2018)

RationaleAccurate estimation of gestational age (GA) using DNA methylation (DNAm) of umbilical cord blood, a novel development, provides relevant information on developmental stage. Studies of environmental exposures on GA are plentiful, but not using DNAm GA. We evaluated associations between DNAm GA, environmental correlates of the built environment and atopy.MethodsCord blood samples from 145 selected participants in the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development study were examined, together with allergy skin prick tests at age 1 year.Exposure to greenness using satellite imagery, and individual exposure estimates to air pollution using land use regression models were assessed at home addresses throughout pregnancy.Associations of air pollution and greenness with DNAm GA residuals were tested while adjusting for maternal and neonatal characteristics. We further examined whether sensitization related to these environmental factors and DNAm GA.ResultsThe mean GA was 276 (SD: 7.9) days, and mean DNAm GA was 279(5.8) days. There was a significantly positive correlation between these measues (r&amp;#61;0.66; p&amp;lt;0.001).Prenatal exposure to greenness showed borderline association with DNAm GA acceleration (i.e., older DNAm GA than chronological GA) (0.6 days, 95% CI: [-.6; 1.8] for one IQR exposure increase). Conversely, DNAm GA deceleration (i.e., younger DNAm GA) was associated with air pollution exposure during the first trimester (-2.1 days [-4.8; 0.7] for a 10 &amp;#956;g/m3 exposure increase).29% of this atopy-enriched sub-cohort were sensitized to at least one of 10 allergens. DNAm GA was a strong predictor of decreased risk of sensitization (OR: 0.93, 95%CI: [0.88; 0.99]), while air pollution exposure modestly increased the risk of sensitization by 4% (p&amp;#61;0.1).ConclusionOur findings warrant in depth investigation of potential mediating role of DNA methylation on the association between allergic disorders and the built environment.
Consensus Finder web tool to predict stabilizing substitutions in proteins (2020)

Abstract The consensus sequence approach to predicting stabilizing substitutions in proteins rests on the notion that conserved amino acids are more likely to contribute to the stability of a protein fold than non-conserved amino acids. To implement a prediction for a target protein sequence, one finds homologous sequences and aligns them in a multiple sequence alignment. The sequence of the most frequently occurring amino acid at each position is the consensus sequence. Replacement of a rarely occurring amino acid in the target with a frequently occurring amino acid is predicted to be stabilizing. Consensus Finder is an open-source web tool that automates this prediction. This chapter reviews the rationale for the consensus sequence approach and explains the options for fine-tuning this approach using Staphylococcus nuclease A as an example.
Using event calculus to formalise policy specification and analysis (2004)

As the interest in using policy-based approaches for systems management grows, it is becoming increasingly important to develop methods for performing analysis and refinement of policy specifications. Although this is an area that researchers have devoted some attention to, none of the proposed solutions address the issues of analysing specifications that combine authorisation and management policies; analysing policy specifications that contain constraints on the applicability of the policies; and performing a priori analysis of the specification that will both detect the presence of inconsistencies and explain the situations in which the conflict will occur. We present a method for transforming both policy and system behaviour specifications into a formal notation that is based on event calculus. Additionally it describes how this formalism can be used in conjunction with abductive reasoning techniques to perform a priori analysis of policy specifications for the various conflict types identified in the literature. Finally, it presents some initial thoughts on how this notation and analysis technique could be used to perform policy refinement.
A new and convenient synthesis of 2-deoxy-D-ribose from 2,4-O-ethylidene-D-erythrose (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new and convenient synthesis of 2-deoxy-D-ribose from 2,4-O-ethylidene-D-erythroseJames R. Hauske and Henry RapoportCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 14, 2472–2476Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01328a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01328a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views192Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Traveling-Wave-Based Fault-Location Algorithm for Hybrid Multiterminal Circuits (2016)

This paper presents a traveling-wave-based fault-location algorithm for hybrid multiterminal transmission systems that consist of one onshore overhead lines and multiple offshore submarine cables. Such hybrid transmission systems are common for interconnection of offshore wind farms to the main grid. The input to the algorithm is synchronized transient voltage measurements from all of the receiving ends. These measurements are obtained by optical voltage transducers equipped with global positioning system receivers for time synchronization. The discrete wavelet transformation is utilized to decompose the mode-1 voltages at the receiving ends. The first wave arrival times are then obtained by observing the squares of the wavelet transformation coefficient (WTC <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ). The transient simulations and the postfault analysis are carried out using EMTP-RV and MATLAB Wavelet Toolbox, respectively. The accuracy, limitations, and capabilities of the proposed algorithm are presented and discussed for different fault conditions.