gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differences in hypothalamic type 2 deiodinase ubiquitination explain localized sensitivity to thyroxine (2015)

The current treatment for patients with hypothyroidism is levothyroxine (L-T4) along with normalization of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). However, normalization of serum TSH with L-T4 monotherapy results in relatively low serum 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and high serum thyroxine/T3 (T4/T3) ratio. In the hypothalamus-pituitary dyad as well as the rest of the brain, the majority of T3 present is generated locally by T4 deiodination via the type 2 deiodinase (D2); this pathway is self-limited by ubiquitination of D2 by the ubiquitin ligase WSB-1. Here, we determined that tissue-specific differences in D2 ubiquitination account for the high T4/T3 serum ratio in adult thyroidectomized (Tx) rats chronically implanted with subcutaneous L-T4 pellets. While L-T4 administration decreased whole-body D2-dependent T4 conversion to T3, D2 activity in the hypothalamus was only minimally affected by L-T4. In vivo studies in mice harboring an astrocyte-specific Wsb1 deletion as well as in vitro analysis of D2 ubiquitination driven by different tissue extracts indicated that D2 ubiquitination in the hypothalamus is relatively less. As a result, in contrast to other D2-expressing tissues, the hypothalamus is wired to have increased sensitivity to T4. These studies reveal that tissue-specific differences in D2 ubiquitination are an inherent property of the TRH/TSH feedback mechanism and indicate that only constant delivery of L-T4 and L-T3 fully normalizes T3-dependent metabolic markers and gene expression profiles in Tx rats.
Centrifugal directional bias in the middle temporal visual area (MT) of the macaque (1989)

We have examined the distribution of preferred directions of motion for neurons in the middle temporal visual area (MT) of the macaque. We found a marked anisotropy favoring directions that are oriented away from the center of gaze. This anisotropy is present only among neurons with peripherally located receptive fields. This peripheral centrifugal directionality bias corresponds well to the biased distribution of motions characteristic of optic flow fields, which are generated by displacement of the visual world during forward locomotion. The bias may facilitate the processing of this common form of visual stimulation and could underlie previously observed perceptual anisotropies favoring centrifugal motion. We suggest that the bias could arise from exposure of modifiable cortical circuitry to a naturally occurring form of selective visual experience.
Synthesis of porous peanut-like LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode materials through an ethylene glycol-assisted hydrothermal method using urea as a precipitant (2015)

The porous peanut-like LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>1.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub> cathode material synthesized by an EG-assisted hydrothermal method exhibits better electrochemical properties. A possible formation mechanism for the Ni<sub>0.25</sub>Mn<sub>0.75</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> precursor was proposed.
Clinical Factors Associated with Longer Hospital Stay Following Ovarian Cancer Surgery (2019)

<i>Background</i>: Ovarian cancer (OC) is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancy and is treated with a combination of cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy. Extended length of stay (LOS) after surgery can affect patient morbidity, overall costs, and hospital resource utilization. The primary objective of this study was to identify factors contributing to prolonged LOS for women undergoing surgery for ovarian cancer. <i>Methods</i>: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database was queried to identify women from 2012-2016 who underwent hysterectomy for ovarian, fallopian tube and peritoneal cancer. The primary outcome was LOS >50th percentile. Preoperative and intraoperative variables were examined to determine which were associated with prolonged LOS. <i>Results</i>: From 2012-2016, 1771 women underwent elective abdominal surgery for OC and were entered in the ACS-NSQIP database. The mean and median LOS was 4.6 and 4.0 days (IQR 0-38), respectively. On multivariate analysis, factors associated with prolonged LOS included: American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Classification III (aOR 1.71, 95% CI 1.38-2.13) or IV (aOR 1.88, 95% CI 1.44-2.46), presence of ascites (aOR 1.88, 95% CI 1.44-2.46), older age (aOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.13-1.35), platelet count >400,000/mm<sup>3</sup> (aOR 1.74, 95% CI 1.29-2.35), preoperative blood transfusion (aOR 11.00, 95% CI 1.28-94.77), disseminated cancer (aOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.03-1.60), increased length of operation (121-180 min, aOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.13-1.91; >180 min, aOR 2.78, 95% CI 2.13-3.64), and postoperative blood transfusion within 72 h of incision (aOR 2.04, 95% CI 1.59-2.62) (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all). <i>Conclusions</i>: Longer length of hospital stay following surgery for OC is associated with many patient, disease, and treatment-related factors. The extent of surgery, as evidenced by perioperative blood transfusion and length of surgical procedure, is a factor that can potentially be modified to shorten LOS, improve patient outcomes, and reduce hospital costs.
Mutations of the APC gene occur during early stages of gastric adenoma development. (1994)

Mutations of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene have recently been shown to play an important role in colorectal tumorigenesis. We investigated mutations of the APC gene in 30 gastric adenomas obtained endoscopically. Mutations of the APC gene were examined by polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis followed by sequencing of the polymerase chain reaction products. Mutations were detected in 20% (6 of 30) of gastric adenomas. In addition, deletion of the remaining allele that subsequently led to complete inactivation of the APC gene was confirmed in one-half (3 of 6) of the tumors with APC gene mutations. Sequencing analysis confirmed that the mutations resulted in truncation of the gene products or in an amino acid change. The incidences of mutations of the APC gene remained constant regardless of the size or degree of histological atypia. Our observations suggest that mutations of the APC gene, similarly to those in colorectal tumorigenesis, occur during the early stages of gastric adenoma development.
AN OBLIGATELY PSYCHROPHILIC BACTERIUM ISOLATED ON THE HOKKAIDO COAST (1979)

An attempt was made to elucidate whether any psychrophilic bacteria inhabited on the Hokkaido coast in winter, and consequently an obligately psychrophilic strain of bacteria was isolated from sea water several meters off shore in the suburbs of Abashiri city in Hokkaido. This strain resembled Vibrio marinus in many morphological and physiological properties. Optimum and maximum temperatures for growth were about 15° and below 25°, respectively. This psychrophile was also halophilic and required about 0.4M NaCl for the maximum growth. Furthermore, morphological change was observed in the cultures at 10°, 15°, and 20°, particularly in the young stage at 20°.
High-Temperature Phase Transition in RbH2PO4 (1969)

The high-temperature phase change in tetragonal RbH2PO4 at 86°C is found to result in a quasi-irreversible transition to a monoclinic modification which seems to be isomorphous with monoclinic RbD2PO4 and KD2PO4. The transition is accompanied by a distortion of the PO4 groups and an ordering of the protons. From the analogy with monoclinic KD2PO4 it seems probable that the protons attach to one upper and one lower corner of a PO4 group giving rise to pyroelectric behavior along the b axis. The similarity of the infrared spectra of the high-temperature forms of RbH2PO4 and KH2PO4 demonstrates that the above statements are valid for KH2PO4 as well.
Immobilization of Erythrocytes by Radiation Polymerization of Glass-Forming Monomers at Low Temperatures (1981)

The immobilization of erythrocyte as the whole cell without hemolysis was studied. It found that erythrocyte could be treated and immobilized stably by radiation polymerization of specific monomers having high viscous and long oxyethylene units chain such as methoxypolyethyleneglycol methacrylate (M-23G) and polyethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (14G). Irradiation dose without hemolysis was limited less than 1 X 10(5) r and a comonomer system consisting of M-23 G-14G, 1:1 and small quantity of glutaraldehyde (GA) was the optimum carrier composition. The functional properties of the immobilized erythrocyte was also investigated. It was found that the immobilized cell could be carried out carbon monoxide-oxygen gas exchange effectively and reversibly so as in the intact cell. The immobilized erythrocyte also showed the catalase activity just as in the intact cell. The stability of erythrocyte increased greatly by the immobilization for standing at low and room temperatures and hardly hemolyzed in non-isotonic medium such as pure water. It was observed in scanning electron microscope that the immobilized erythrocyte had a hollow disk shape same as in intact cell and covered with a thin polymer layer.
Characteristics of InGaP/InGaAs pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistors with triple delta-doped sheets (2012)

Fundamental and insightful characteristics of InGaP/InGaAs double channel pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistors (DCPHEMTs) with graded and uniform triple δ-doped sheets are coomprehensively studied and demonstrated. To gain physical insight, band diagrams, carrier densities, and direct current characteristics of devices are compared and investigated based on the 2D semiconductor simulator, Atlas. Due to uniform carrier distribution and high electron density in the double InGaAs channel, the DCPHEMT with graded triple δ-doped sheets exhibits better transport properties, higher and linear transconductance, and better drain current capability as compared with the uniformly triple δ-doped counterpart. The DCPHEMT with graded triple δ-doped structure is fabricated and tested, and the experimental data are found to be in good agreement with simulated results.
Combinatorial Biosynthesis of Legume Natural and Rare Triterpenoids in Engineered Yeast (2013)

Triterpenoid saponins are a diverse group of specialized (secondary) metabolites with many biological properties. The model legume Medicago truncatula has an interesting profile of triterpenoid saponins from which sapogenins are differentiated into hemolytic and non-hemolytic types according to the position of their functional groups and hemolytic properties. Gene co-expression analysis confirmed the presence of candidate P450s whose gene expression correlated highly with that of β-amyrin synthase (bAS). Among these, we identified CYP716A12 and CYP93E2 as key enzymes in hemolytic and non-hemolytic sapogenin biosynthetic pathways. The other candidate P450s showed no β-amyrin oxidation activity. However, among the remaining candidate P450s, CYP72A61v2 expression highly correlated with that of CYP93E2, and CYP72A68v2 expression highly correlated with that of CYP716A12. These correlation values were higher than occurred with bAS expression. We generated yeast strains expressing bAS, CPR, CYP93E2 and CYP72A61v2, and bAS, CPR, CYP716A12 and CYP72A68v2. These transgenic yeast strains produced soyasapogenol B and gypsogenic acid, respectively. We were therefore able to identify two CYP72A subfamily enzymes: CYP72A61v2, which modifies 24-OH-β-amyrin, and CYP72A68v2, which modifies oleanolic acid. Additionally, P450s that seemed not to work together in planta were combinatorially expressed in transgenic yeast. The yeast strains (expressing bAS, CPR, CYP72A63 and CYP93E2 or CYP716A12) produced rare triterpenoids that do not occur in M. truncatula. These results show the potential for combinatorial synthesis of diverse triterpenoid structures and enable identification of the enzymes involved in their biosynthesis.
Inhibin B, AMH, but not INSL3, IGF1 or DHEAS support differentiation between constitutional delay of growth and puberty and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (2015)

In pre-pubertal boys ≥ 14 years, the differentiation between constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) is challenging, as current diagnostic tools have limitations in sensitivity and specificity. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of markers of gonadal activity, growth axis activation and adrenarche in differentiation between pre-pubertal CDGP and HH. This retrospective study was carried out between 2006 and 2015 in an academic out-patient referral centre. The clinical data of 94 boys, aged 13.9-23.2 years and referred for "pubertal delay" were reviewed. Definite diagnoses were established on initial work-up and clinical follow-up: 24 boys were diagnosed with HH, 22 boys with CDGP, pre-pubertal (PP CDGP) at referral and 28 boys with CDGP, early pubertal at referral (EP CDGP), the latter serving as control group. Twenty patients were excluded from evaluation because of previous sex steroid treatment or associated chronic disease. Inhibin B and AMH were measured in all (n = 74); INSL3, IGF1, IGFBP3 and DHEAS in a subset of patients (n = 45) in serum of first presentation. Inhibin B and AMH were higher in boys with PP CDGP than in boys with HH: inhibin B: 87.6 ± 42.5 vs. 19.8 ± 13.9 pg/mL; p < 0.001; AMH: 44.9 ± 27.1 vs. 15.4 ± 8.3 ng/mL; p < 0.001. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) for the diagnosis of PPCDGP vs. HH (inhibin B ≥ 28.5 pg/mL): sensitivity: 95%, specificity: 75%; AUC: 0.955. In combination with an AMH cut-off ≥20 ng/mL the specificity increased to 83%. INSL3, IGF1, IGFBP3 and DHEAS levels were not different. In boys with EP CDGP, inhibin B and IGF1 levels were highest (138.7 ± 59.9 pg/mL/289.7 ± 117 ng/mL), whereas AMH levels were lowest (11.7 ± 9.1 ng/mL). Sertoli cell markers are helpful for establishing a prognosis, whether a boy with pubertal delay will enter puberty spontaneously, whereas Leydig cell, growth and adrenal markers are not.
Photon Correlations in Spectroscopy and Microscopy (2022)

Measurements of photon temporal correlations have been the mainstay of experiments in quantum optics. Over the past several decades, advancements in detector technologies have supported further extending photon correlation techniques to give rise to novel spectroscopy and imaging methods. This Perspective reviews the evolution of these techniques from temporal autocorrelations through multidimensional photon correlations to photon correlation imaging. State-of-the-art single-photon detector technologies are discussed, highlighting the main challenges and the unique current perspective of photon correlations to usher in a new generation of spectroscopy and imaging modalities.
Characteristics of the Hot DQ Variables (2010)

We provide an overview of the hot DQ white dwarf variables with attention to their emerging group properties. We present recent results, including the discovery of a new, large‐amplitude variable from the 2QZ survey, and speculate that the DQ variables are a class of pulsators analogous to the ZZ Cetis with a similar variety of pulse shapes, which depend on temperature and spherical harmonic degree.
Development of Ni–Mo/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> Catalyst for Reverse Water Gas Shift (RWGS) Reaction (2014)

In the present study, Mo/Al2O3 catalyst was prepared using impregnation method. Then it was promoted with Ni ions to produce Ni-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst. The structures of the catalysts were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), CO chemisorption, temperature programmed reduction of hydrogen (H2-TPR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. Catalytic performances of the two catalysts were investigated in a fixed-bed reactor for RWGS reaction. The results indicated that addition of nickel promoter to Mo/Al2O3 catalyst enhances its activity. It is reasonable for the electron deficient state of the Ni species and existence of NiMoO4 phase to possess high activity in RWGS reaction. Stability test of Ni-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst was carried out in a fixed bed reactor and a high CO2 conversion for 60 h time on stream was demonstrated. This study introduces a new catalyst, Ni-Mo/Al2O3, with high activity and stability for RWGS reaction.
VACCINATION OF PROSTATE CANCER PATIENTS WITH GENETICALLY MODIFIED ALLOGENEIC TUMOR CELL VACCINE INDUCES IgG RESPONSES TOWARD MULTIPLE PEPTIDE EPITOPES PREDICTED FROM COMMON PROSTATE TUMOR- ASSOCIATED AUTOANTIGENS (2008)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2008VACCINATION OF PROSTATE CANCER PATIENTS WITH GENETICALLY MODIFIED ALLOGENEIC TUMOR CELL VACCINE INDUCES IgG RESPONSES TOWARD MULTIPLE PEPTIDE EPITOPES PREDICTED FROM COMMON PROSTATE TUMOR- ASSOCIATED AUTOANTIGENS Vladimir M Pisarev, Laura Pickering, Nick Vahanian, Gabriela Rossi, Jay Ramsey, Ralph Hauke, Lucinda Tennant, Charles Enke, George P Hemstreet, and Charles J Link Vladimir M PisarevVladimir M Pisarev More articles by this author , Laura PickeringLaura Pickering More articles by this author , Nick VahanianNick Vahanian More articles by this author , Gabriela RossiGabriela Rossi More articles by this author , Jay RamseyJay Ramsey More articles by this author , Ralph HaukeRalph Hauke More articles by this author , Lucinda TennantLucinda Tennant More articles by this author , Charles EnkeCharles Enke More articles by this author , George P HemstreetGeorge P Hemstreet More articles by this author , and Charles J LinkCharles J Link More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(08)60662-XAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "VACCINATION OF PROSTATE CANCER PATIENTS WITH GENETICALLY MODIFIED ALLOGENEIC TUMOR CELL VACCINE INDUCES IgG RESPONSES TOWARD MULTIPLE PEPTIDE EPITOPES PREDICTED FROM COMMON PROSTATE TUMOR- ASSOCIATED AUTOANTIGENS." The Journal of Urology, 179(4S), p. 230 © 2008 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 179Issue 4SApril 2008Page: 230 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2008 by American Urological AssociationMetrics Author Information Vladimir M Pisarev More articles by this author Laura Pickering More articles by this author Nick Vahanian More articles by this author Gabriela Rossi More articles by this author Jay Ramsey More articles by this author Ralph Hauke More articles by this author Lucinda Tennant More articles by this author Charles Enke More articles by this author George P Hemstreet More articles by this author Charles J Link More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
EXTH-14. REPURPOSING OF APPROVED DRUGS FOR THE TREATMENT OF GLIOMA STEM CELLS (2018)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor. Glioma stem cells (GSCs), a subpopulation of GBM cells with stem cell properties, are responsible for the tumor initiation and recurrence, and therapeutic resistance. To develop novel therapeutic agents for sphere-forming patient derived GSCs, we utilized a new drug screening system and FDA approved drugs. The cell viability of the drugs on GSCs and normal human dermal fibroblast (nHDF) cells was determined by CellTiter-Glo 3D Cell Viability Assay or MTT assay. The relative cytotoxicity of drugs was compared with LC50. We identified 8 drugs, including 4 that have not been studied for GSCs, which showed strong cytotoxic effect on sphere-forming GSCs but were not toxic to nHDF cells in in vitro cell cultures. The LC50 of these identified drugs to GSCs is 10 fold to over 100 fold less than that for normal cells. Among the identified drugs, only one drug was not cytotoxic to GBM cells but toxic to GSCs. Based on the LC50 data and previous reports for the drugs on GSCs, we determined anti-tumor effects of two drugs in orthotopic brain tumor mouse models of human GBM cells. Animals treated with either drug (10 mg/kg once a week for 7 weeks or 30 mg/kg twice a week for 4 weeks) had significantly greater survival in Kaplan-Meier survival curve compared to vehicle treated control mice (p=0.03 or 0.05 in logrank test). Studies for structure-activity-relationship and mechanism of action are on-going. In summary, the present results provide compelling evidence that repurposing of approved drugs can be developed for GSCs and the study identified several selective cytotoxic drugs against sphere-forming GSCs. [This work was supported in part by the Tara Leah Witmer Endowment]
The Software Architect's Role in the Digital Age (2016)

Internet scale, the increasing rate of technology evolution, and the broad adoption of lean and agile methods have triggered a profound change in not only application and infrastructure architectures but also the software architect's roles and responsibilities. This article reviews the field's state of the art, identifies the skills of the connected architect, and gives an overview of related education programs and knowledge sources.
A scalable lock-free stack algorithm (2004)

The literature describes two high performance concurrent stack algorithms based on combining funnels and elimination trees. Unfortunately, the funnels are linearizable but blocking, and the elimination trees are non-blocking but not linearizable. Neither is used in practice since they perform well only at exceptionally high loads. The literature also describes a simple lock-free linearizable stack algorithm that works at low loads but does not scale as the load increases. The question of designing a stack algorithm that is non-blocking, linearizable, and scales well throughout the concurrency range, has thus remained open.This paper presents such a concurrent stack algorithm. It is based on the following simple observation: that a single elimination array used as a backoff scheme for a simple lock-free stack is lock-free, linearizable, and scalable. As our empirical results show, the resulting elimination-backoff stack performs as well as the simple stack at low loads, and increasingly outperforms all other methods (lock-based and non-blocking) as concurrency increases. We believe its simplicity and scalability make it a viable practical alternative to existing constructions for implementing concurrent stacks.
Periodontal pathogens: A quantitative comparison of anaerobic culture and real-time PCR (2005)

Periodontitis is a multi-factorial chronic inflammatory and destructive disease of the tooth-supporting tissues. Quantitative anaerobic culture techniques have been used for microbial diagnosis of the different forms of the disease. The aim of this study was to compare real-time PCR with quantitative anaerobic culture for detection and quantification of 5 prominent periodontal pathogens. Real-time PCR assays with the 16s rRNA genes of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythensis, Peptostreptococcus micros and Fusobacterium spp. were developed. The PCR was validated on pure cultures of various bacterial strains. Subsequently, subgingival plaque samples from 259 adult patients with periodontitis were analyzed with quantitative anaerobic culture and real-time PCR. A standard curve for DNA quantification was created for each primer-probe set based on colony-forming units equivalents. All bacterial species were correctly identified. The lower limits of detection by PCR varied between 1-50 colony-forming units equivalents depending on the species. No cross-reactivities with heterologous DNA of other bacterial species were observed. Real-time PCR results showed a high degree of agreement with anaerobic culture results. Real-time PCR is a reliable alternative for diagnostic quantitative anaerobic culture of subgingival plaque samples.