gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Surgery Leadership Trends: A Cross-Sectional Study of Fellowship Directors and Division Chiefs (2022)

Category: Other Introduction/Purpose: Foot and ankle surgery is a growing subspecialty within orthopaedic surgery due to the increasing demand for lower extremity trained specialists. Fellowship directors for foot and ankle surgery are uniquely tasked with the responsibilities of creating an educational experience while teaching trainees to manage lower extremity pathology. Similarly, foot and ankle division chiefs serve as clinical leaders who oversee their department's delivery of lower extremity care while acting as mentors. The primary aim of this study was to quantitatively describe and compare the demographic and professional characteristics of current foot and ankle surgery fellowship directors and division chiefs. Methods: The American Orthopaedic Foot &amp; Ankle Society (AOFAS) fellowship directory for 2021 to 2022 was reviewed for the 48 AOFAS-recognized fellowship programs in the United States. After screening all institutional websites, fellowship directors and division chiefs were directly contacted via email. Surveys were administered between March 31, 2021 and June 1, 2021 to collect demographic, education, and professional data. Publicly accessible online sources such as institutional biographies, media accounts, uploaded curriculum vitae, and the Scopus Web of Science database were accessed to collect any missing information. The H-index value was determined for each leader by accessing the Scopus Web of Science search engine, a database that analyzes peer-reviewed scientific publications with a built-in citation tracking feature. Univariate and bivariate statistical analyses were performed. Results: A total of 42 of the 48 (87.5%) fellowship directors and 18 of the 23 (78.3%) division chiefs responded to the questionnaire. Of the 48 fellowship directors, 45 (93.8%) were male, 43 (89.6%) identified as Caucasian, their average age at leadership appointment was 42.6+-7.5 (range, 32-70) years, and the average time between fellowship graduation and leadership appointment was 9.9+-7.8 (range, 0-36) years. Most of the fellowship directors graduated from OrthoCarolina (10.4%), Oakland Bone and Joint Specialists (Roger Mann) (10.4%), and Mercy Medical Center (8.3%) (Figure 1). Of the 23 chiefs, 22 (95.7%) were male, 20 (87.0 %) identified as Caucasians, their average age at leadership appointment was 41.7+-7.8 (range, 32-53) years, and the average time between fellowship graduation and leadership appointment was 9.8+-6.8 (range, 2-21) years. The average H-index for the chiefs was greater than that of the fellowship directors (18.4 vs 13.4, P=.0373) when controlling for years of training. Conclusion: This is the first study to record professional and demographic characteristics amongst orthopaedic foot and ankle surgery fellowship directors and division chiefs. The utility of this analysis comes from highlighting common attributes of successful leaders within the field for aspiring trainees, while also drawing attention to the lack of diversity within the foot and ankle surgery community.
Automated support for experimental approaches in daylighting performances assessment (2006)

Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, February 2006.
Introducing CURRENNT: the Munich open-source CUDA recurrent neural network toolkit (2015)

In this article, we introduce CURRENNT, an open-source parallel implementation of deep recurrent neural networks (RNNs) supporting graphics processing units (GPUs) through NVIDIA's Computed Unified Device Architecture (CUDA).CURRENNT supports uni-and bidirectional RNNs with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) memory cells which overcome the vanishing gradient problem.To our knowledge, CURRENNT is the first publicly available parallel implementation of deep LSTM-RNNs.Benchmarks are given on a noisy speech recognition task from the 2013 2nd CHiME Speech Separation and Recognition Challenge, where LSTM-RNNs have been shown to deliver best performance.In the result, double digit speedups in bidirectional LSTM training are achieved with respect to a reference single-threaded CPU implementation.CURRENNT
Femtosecond harmonic mode-locking of a fiber laser based on a bulk-structured Bi_2Te_3 topological insulator (2015)

We experimentally demonstrate femtosecond harmonic mode-locking of a fiber laser using a bulk-structured Bi(2)Te(3) topological insulator (TI)-deposited on a side-polished fiber as a mode-locker. A bulk-structured Bi(2)Te(3) TI film was prepared at a thickness of ~20 μm using a mechanical exfoliation method. Using the mode-locker in an erbium-doped fiber ring cavity, it was experimentally shown that harmonically mode-locked pulses with temporal widths of 630 ~700 fs could readily be generated upto the 55th harmonics. The pulse repetition rate was shown to be tunable from the fundamental resonance frequency of 14.07 MHz to the harmonic frequency of 773.85 MHz with increasing pump power. The pumping efficiency was measured at ~3.36 MHz/mW. The side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) was observed to be more than 27.3 dB over all harmonic orders, while the corresponding signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) ranged from 46.3 to 63 dB.
Cloud Computing: Environment of Next Generation Technology (2014)

Cloud computing is the convergence of virtualization, Distributed Applications, Grid, Maturity of enterprise software application and enterprise IT Management. It is a tremendously attractive technology as it enables a fundamental shift from capital intensive focus to a flexible operational management model. Basically it is characterized by on demand computing, based on pay per use pricing model. This technology enables the user to use the system without the need to know the physical location and configuration of the system that delivers the services. At the same time it also offers participation of less manpower and zero maintenance of the services. This paper is based on the description of cloud computing technology and its numerous benefits. Furthermore this paper also highlights the Environment of Cloud Computing and Consideration on Cloud Adoption.
Tele-existence master-slave system for remote manipulation. II (1990)

For pt.I see Proceedings IEEE Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems, p.719-724 (1988). A tele-existence master-slave system for remote manipulation experiments was designed and developed, and an evaluation experiment of a tele-existence master-slave system was conducted. Results from a comparison of the tele-existence master-slave system with a conventional master-slave system verify its efficacy. The results from several experimental tasks are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Speed control of vehicles with variable valve lift engine by nonlinear MPC (2009)

In this study, we purpose a control system of engine torque for a V6 spark ignition engine with a variable valve lift system. We apply a nonlinear receding horizon control to the SICE benchmark problem where we assume that the control inputs are throttle angle, variable valve lift and ignition timing. Moreover, a fuel injection control is also developed by estimating the amount of air in the engine. We propose a vehicle speed tracking control by defining time derivative of input as new input and dealing with input constraint by transformation of input variables. Finally, we show some numerical simulation results to verify the proposed methods.
Adaptive Tuning of Photonic Devices in a Photonic NoC Through Dynamic Workload Allocation (2016)

Photonic network-on-chip (PNoC) is a promising candidate to replace traditional electrical NoC in manycore systems that require substantial bandwidths. The photonic links in the PNoC comprise laser sources, optical ring resonators, passive waveguides, and photodetectors. Reliable link operation requires laser sources and ring resonators to have matching optical frequencies. However, inherent thermal sensitivity of photonic devices and manufacturing process variations can lead to a frequency mismatch. To avoid this mismatch, micro-heaters are used for thermal trimming and tuning, which can dissipate a significant amount of power. This paper proposes a novel FreqAlign workload allocation policy, accompanying an adaptive frequency tuning (AFT) policy, that is capable of reducing thermal tuning power of PNoC. FreqAlign uses thread allocation and thread migration to control temperature for matching the optical frequencies of ring resonators in each photonic link. The AFT policy reduces the remaining optical frequency difference among ring resonators and corresponding on-chip laser sources by hardware tuning methods. We use a full modeling stack of a PNoC that includes a performance simulator, a power simulator, and a thermal simulator with a temperature-dependent laser source power model to design and evaluate our proposed policies. Our experimental results demonstrate that FreqAlign reduces the resonant frequency gradient between ring resonators by 50%-60% when compared to existing workload allocation policies. Coupled with AFT, FreqAlign reduces localized thermal tuning power by 19.28 W on average, and is capable of saving up to 34.57 W when running realistic loads in a 256-core system without any performance degradation.
Monoclonal antibodies to a 16-kDa antigen of Serpulina (Treponema) hyodysenteriae (1992)

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced to an outer-envelope preparation from Serpulina (Treponema) hyodysenteriae, the aetiological agent of swine dysentery. Three MAbs (isotype IgG1) were obtained. All three recognised a 16-kDa antigen that was common to most strains of S. hyodysenteriae of different serotypes but was absent from nonpathogenic, porcine intestinal spirochaetes. Immunofluorescence and immunogold labelling studies showed that the 16-kDa antigen was exposed on the surface of intact spirochaetes. The MAbs agglutinated freshly grown cultures of spirochaetes and inhibited growth of S. hyodysenteriae strains in vitro.
Sketchforme (2019)

Sketching is an effective communication medium that augments and enhances what can be communicated in text. We introduce Sketchforme, the first neural-network-based system that can generate complex sketches based on text descriptions specified by users. Sketchforme's key contribution is to factor complex sketch rendering into layout and rendering subtasks using neural networks. The sketches composed by Sketchforme are expressive and realistic: we show in our user study that these sketches convey descriptions better than human-generated sketches in several cases, and 36.5% of those sketches were identified as human-generated. We develop some interactive applications using these generated sketches, and show that Sketchforme can significantly improve language learning applications and support intelligent language-based sketching assistants.
Rational synthesis of three-dimensional core–double shell upconversion nanodendrites with ultrabright luminescence for bioimaging application (2019)

Engineering the morphology of rare-earth doped NaYF<sub>4</sub>-based upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) can effectively tune their upconversion luminescence emission (UCLE) properties. Herein, we rationally synthesized a new class of three-dimensional upconversion core-double-shell nanodendrites (UCNDs) including an active core (NaYF<sub>4</sub>:Yb,Er,Ca) capped by a transition layer (NaYF<sub>4</sub>:Yb,Ca) and an active outer shell (NaNdF<sub>4</sub>:Yb,Ca). The high concentration of the Nd<sup>3+</sup> sensitizer in the outer dendritic shell enhances the luminescence intensity, while the transition layer enriched with Yb<sup>3+</sup> acts as an efficient energy migration network between the outer shell and inner core along with preventing the undesired quenching effects resulting from Nd<sup>3+</sup>. These unique structural and compositional merits enhanced the UCLE of UCNDs by 5 and 15 times relative to NaYF<sub>4</sub>:Yb,Er,Ca@NaYF<sub>4</sub>:Yb,Ca truncated core-shell UCNPs and NaYF<sub>4</sub>:Yb,Er,Ca spherical core UCNPs, respectively, under excitation at 980 nm. The SiO<sub>2</sub>-COOH layer coated UCNDs (UCND@SiO<sub>2</sub>-COOH) were successfully used as efficient long-term luminescent probes for <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> bioimaging without any significant toxicity. The uptake and retention of UCND@SiO<sub>2</sub>-COOH were mostly found in the liver and spleen. This study may open the way towards the preparation of three-dimensional UCND nanostructures for biomedical applications.
The Effect of Dietary Protein Imbalance during Pregnancy on the Growth, Metabolism and Circulatory Metabolome of Neonatal and Weaned Juvenile Porcine Offspring (2021)

Protein imbalance during pregnancy affects women in underdeveloped and developing countries and is associated with compromised offspring growth and an increased risk of metabolic diseases in later life. We studied in a porcine model the glucose and urea metabolism, and circulatory hormone and metabolite profile of offspring exposed during gestation, to maternal isoenergetic low-high (LP-HC), high-low (HP-LC) or adequate (AP) protein-carbohydrate ratio diets. At birth, LP-HC were lighter and the plasma acetylcarnitine to free carnitine ratios at 1 day of life was lower compared to AP offspring. Plasma urea concentrations were lower in 1 day old LP-HC offspring than HP-LC. In the juvenile period, increased insulin concentrations were observed in LP-HC and HP-LC offspring compared to AP, as was body weight from HP-LC compared to LP-HC. Plasma triglyceride concentrations were lower in 80 than 1 day old HP-LC offspring, and glucagon concentrations lower in 80 than 1 day old AP and HP-LC offspring. Plasma urea and the ratio of glucagon to insulin were lower in all 80 than 1 day old offspring. Aminoacyl-tRNA, arginine and phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan metabolism, histidine and beta-alanine metabolism differed between 1 and 80 day old AP and HP-LC offspring. Maternal protein imbalance throughout pregnancy did not result in significant consequences in offspring metabolism compared to AP, indicating enormous plasticity by the placenta and developing offspring.
Estimation of Vehicle Speed for Low Curvatures Assuming Ideal Steering Behaviour (2022)

Abstract In the current scenario, the vehicle is integrated with advanced sensors, infotainment maps and a telematics module, which provide extensive information regarding the terrain and dynamic state, including the radius of curvature (R). The transportation authority had imposed guidelines regarding the range of allowable vehicle speeds for low curvatures (e.g. [15 25] MPH for R = 18.4m), but a unique optimal speed for a definite curvature was not investigated. The maximum allowable speed for R = 8.34m (U-turn) is 6.7 m.s−1, whereas for R = 42.57m (cloverleaf interchange) is 11.17 m.s−1. Therefore, in this article, the concept of Ideal Steering Behavior (ISB) was utilised to estimate a unique speed for a definite R. The functionality of ISB was formulated with steering parameters [Speed, Lateral acceleration, Yaw rate, R] whose boundary conditions were derived from real-time analysis. The test vehicle 2019 Cadillac Escalade provided by General Motors Inc., was driven by four drivers on the test track with R = 18.4m, and in this research, historic driver data under normal driving conditions were utilized to adapt “human-like” driving behaviour. Basic convex optimization and polynomial interpolation techniques were adopted to generate the empirical quadratic function correlating the parameters speed and R. The optimal speed for the test track R = 18.4m was estimated using by known statistical methods which resulted in a similar value of 7.485 m.s−1, and similar procedure was adopted for R = [8.34 42.57] m. The validation of the results was performed by comparing the roll and slip coefficients for the drivers and estimated speed. Traversing the vehicle with the estimated speed is safer as it falls in the recommended range, reflects ISB, and achieves optimal lateral dynamics.
Enhanced T-Cell Maturation and Monocyte Aggregation Are Features of Cellular Inflammation in Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1–Associated Myelopathy (2019)

CD4:CD8 ratio inflation is a feature of HTLV-1 infection, whereas enhanced CD4+ T cell maturation and monocyte aggregation are features of HAM, reflecting widespread inflammatory change, which may be detectable presymptomatically and be amenable to anti-inflammatory treatment.
The Calculation of Diffusion Parameters for Diffusion‐controlled Dyeing from a Finite Bath (1977)

Diffusion coefficients for diffusion‐controlled dyeings from a finite bath can be obtained either by using approximations to the Wilson equation, thus making calculation of such values simpler and less tedious, or by accurate computation of the original equation. Using the second method, reference tables have been produced which enable values of the diffusion coefficient to be obtained from dyebath‐exhaustion values.
2-Year Outcomes of High Bleeding Risk Patients After Polymer-Free Drug-Coated Stents (2016)

Safety and efficacy benefits of DCS over BMS were maintained for 2 years in high bleeding risk patients. Rates of major bleeding and coronary thrombotic events were no different and were associated with a substantial and comparable mortality risk. (A Prospective Randomized Comparison of the BioFreedom Biolimus A9 Drug Coated Stent Versus the Gazelle Bare Metal Stent in Patients With High Risk of Bleeding [LEADERS FREE]; NCT01623180).
Trichostatin Analogues JBIR-109, JBIR-110, and JBIR-111 from the Marine Sponge-Derived Streptomyces sp. RM72 (2012)

Three new trichostatin analogues, JBIR-109 (1), JBIR-110 (2), and JBIR-111 (3), were isolated from the culture of the marine sponge-derived Streptomyces sp. strain RM72, together with trichostatin A (4) and trichostatic acid (5). The planar structures of 1-3 were determined on the basis of extensive NMR and MS analyses. In addition, the absolute configurations of the amino acid residues were determined by Marfey's method. The histone deacetylase inhibitory activities of 1-5 were examined, and their structure-activity relationships are discussed.
Combustion synthesis of TiC-metal composites and related plasma spraying deposition (2004)

The synthesis of titanium carbide/metal (i.e. Fe, Ti) composites from elemental powders by means of combustion reactions is investigated. A combustion booster (i.e. Teflon) to guarantee the self-propagating character of the combustion reaction is taken into account in the case of the TiC/Ti system. The combustion temperature and velocity of propagating front are found to decrease as the amount of metal in the starting mixture increase while both parameters increase as the amount of booster added to the mixture is augmented. The final products result constituted by titanium carbide and metal, being the latter one found as binder distributed around the carbide grains. In particular, a strong dependence of the grains size of the obtained titanium carbide on the iron content is observed. Moreover, the amount of titanium in the final product decreases as the Teflon content is increased, thus demonstrating that the latter one directly participates to the carburisation process. Subsequently, the TiC/Fe composite, once reduced in powder form, is tested as promising candidate for thermal spraying coatings. Results obtained by vacuum plasma spraying coatings are also reported.
Biological Screening of Newly Synthesized BIAN N-Heterocyclic Gold Carbene Complexes in Zebrafish Embryos (2015)

N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) metal complexes possess diverse biological activities but have yet to be extensively explored as potential chemotherapeutic agents. We have previously reported the synthesis of a new class of NHC metal complexes N-heterocyclic with acetate [IPr(BIAN)AuOAc] and chloride [IPr(BIAN)AuCl] ligands. In the experiments reported herein, the zebrafish embryos were exposed to serial dilutions of each of these complexes for 10-12 h. One hundred percent mortality was observed at concentrations≥50 µM. At sub-lethal concentrations (10-30 µM), both compounds influenced zebrafish embryonic development. However, quite diverse categories of abnormalities were found in exposed embryos with each compound. Severe brain deformation and notochord degeneration were evident in the case of [IPr(BIAN)AuOAc]. The zebrafish embryos treated with [IPr(BIAN)AuCl] exhibited stunted growth and consequently had smaller body sizes. A depletion of 30%-40% glutathione was detected in the treated embryos, which could account for one of the possible mechanism of neurotoxicity. The fact that these compounds are capable of both affecting the growth and also compromising antioxidant systems by elevating intracellular ROS production implies that they could play an important role as a new breed of therapeutic molecules.
Resonant Optical Torque in Dichroic Azo Dye Doped Nematic Liquid Crystals (2002)

Abstract The optical torque is experimentally studied in Disperse Red dichroic dye doped E7 nematic liquid crystal. Creation of a transitory out-of-plane (3D) anisotropy axis is observed in a geometry were in-plane reorientation is observed in pure nematics. The non-monotone behavior of dye absorption during the excitation and relaxation is correlated with the 3D reorientation. This shows that the photo-isomerization of the dye via transient excited states (particularly of Cis form) should be the mechanism, which gives a "pulse" for the creation of the 3D anisotropy axis.
Differential microRNA Profiles and Their Functional Implications in Different Immunogenetic Subsets of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (2013)

Critical processes of B-cell physiology, including immune signaling through the B-cell receptor (BcR) and/or Toll-like receptors (TLRs), are targeted by microRNAs. With this in mind and also given the important role of BcR and TLR signaling and microRNAs in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), we investigated whether microRNAs could be implicated in shaping the behavior of CLL clones with distinct BcR and TLR molecular and functional profiles. To this end, we examined 79 CLL cases for the expression of 33 microRNAs, selected on the following criteria: (a) deregulated in CLL versus normal B-cells; (b) differentially expressed in CLL subgroups with distinct clinicobiological features; and, (c) if meeting (a) + (b), having predicted targets in the immune signaling pathways. Significant upregulation of miR-150, miR-29c, miR-143 and miR-223 and downregulation of miR-15a was found in mutated versus unmutated CLL, with miR-15a showing the highest fold difference. Comparison of two major subsets with distinct stereotyped BcRs and signaling signatures, namely subset 1 [IGHV1/5/7-IGKV1(D)-39, unmutated, bad prognosis] versus subset 4 [IGHV4-34/IGKV2-30, mutated, good prognosis] revealed differences in the expression of miR-150, miR-29b, miR-29c and miR-101, all down-regulated in subset 1. We were also able to link these distinct microRNA profiles with cellular phenotypes, importantly showing that, in subset 1, miR-101 downregulation is associated with overexpression of the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) protein, which has been associated with clinical aggressiveness in other B-cell lymphomas. In conclusion, specific miRNAs differentially expressed among CLL subgroups with distinct BcR and/or TLR signaling may modulate the biological and clinical behavior of the CLL clones.