gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
All-fiber temporal differentiators operating at terahertz speeds (2006)

Abstract- A simple and practical all-fiber approach for realizing ultrafast optical differentiators is proposed and numerically investigated. In particular, it is demonstrated that first-order and second-order temporal differentiation of an arbitrary optical waveform can be realized using a suitable uniform long-period grating photoinscribed in the core of an optical fiber (LPFG structure). Our results have confirmed the feasibility of the proposed approach for processing optical signals with temporal features in the sub-picosecond range (corresponding bandwidths of as much as a few terahertz).
Glowing with the Flow (2005)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Michael Latz and Jim Rohr, "Glowing with the Flow," Optics & Photonics News 16(10), 40-45 (2005) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Inflow Performance of Cyclic Steam Stimulation using Horizontal Well (2009)

Abstract In this paper we present a new, semi-analytical gravity drainage model to predict the oil production of a cyclic steam stimulated horizontal well. The underlying assumption of the effort is that the cyclic steam injection creates a cylindrically-shaped steam chamber in the upper area of the well. Condensed water and heated oil in the chamber are driven by gravity and pressure drawdown towards the well. The heat loss during the period of soak and oil production is estimated by vertical and radial conduction means. The average temperature change in the chamber during the cycle is calculated using a semi-analytical expression. Nonlinear, second order ordinary differential equations are derived to describe the pressure distribution caused by two phase flow in the wellbore. A simple iteration scheme is proposed to solve these equations. The influx of heated oil and condensed water into the horizontal wellbore is calculated under the assumption of steady-state radial flow. The solution from the semi-analytical formulation is compared against the results from a numerical thermal simulator on an example. The results are in good agreement with those obtained by the reservoir simulator. Sensitivity studies for optimization of wellbore length, gravity drainage, bottom-hole pressure, and steam injection rate are conducted with the model. Results indicate that the proposed model can be utilized in optimization of individual well performance in cyclic steam heavy oil development. The suggested semi-analytical thermal model can offer an attractive alternative to numerical simulation for planning heavy oil field development.
Oral Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) Inhibitors:  A Potential New Approach for Treating Coronary Artery Disease (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPerspectiveNEXTOral Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) Inhibitors: A Potential New Approach for Treating Coronary Artery DiseaseJames A. SikorskiView Author Information Discovery Medicinal Chemistry, AtheroGenics, Inc., 8995 Westside Parkway, Alpharetta, Georgia 30004 Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2006, 49, 1, 1–22Publication Date (Web):December 6, 2005Publication History Received25 April 2005Published online6 December 2005Published inissue 1 January 2006https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm058224lhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm058224lreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2006 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1660Altmetric-Citations117LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Cholesterol,Inhibitors,Peptides and proteins,Plasma,Redox reactions Get e-Alerts
Effects of purines on rabbit corpus cavernosum contractile activity. (1993)

At least three well documented neuropharmacologic mediators participate in physiologic erection: inhibition or cessation of alpha-adrenergic transmission, increases in both cholinergic (acetylcholine) and non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) transmission. In-vitro studies of rabbit corporal smooth muscle reveal that adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) has a variable effect on muscle tension depending on the level of basal tone. ATP has a pronounced relaxant effect on corporal smooth muscle at either high basal tension or pre-stimulated tension. ATP stimulates a contraction in corporal smooth muscle at low tension. The current studies compare the effects of a series of purines (adenine, adenosine, AMP, ADP, ATP and beta-gamma methylene ATP) on both basal tension and on field-stimulated relaxation. The results demonstrate that all purines relax both baseline tension (2g) and phenylephrine-stimulated contraction. Following phenylephrine pre-stimulation: beta-gamma methylene ATP was significantly more potent than ATP at inhibiting tension. ADP, AMP, adenosine, and adenine produced intermediate dose-response relaxation curves. At 2 grams baseline tension, adenosine, ADP, and AMP were equally potent relaxing agents, ATP was slightly less potent. Adenine and beta-gamma-methylene ATP induced similar dose-response curves which were significantly less potent and efficacious than adenosine, AMP, ADP, and ATP. Field stimulation of phenylephrine pre-contracted tissue strips produce relaxation at both low and high frequencies. None of the purines either facilitated or inhibited the corporal response to field stimulation. We conclude that field stimulated relaxation of rabbit corporal smooth muscle is independent of purinergic relaxation.
Reinforcing Natural Rubber with Cellulose Nanofibrils Extracted from Bleached Eucalyptus Kraft Pulp (2014)

Reinforced natural rubber (NR) nanocomposites were prepared by solution mixing. casting. and evaporation of pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex and an aqueous suspension of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) extracted from bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that there were no micro-scaled aggregates observed in the nanocomposites. The addition of CNFs changed the mechanical behavior of the nanocomposites as observed in tensile tests. The tensile strength was significantly enhanced with CNFs, but the material became brittle at higher CNFs loading levels. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) proved the strong reinforcing tendency of CNFs in the NR matrix as the storage modulus of the nanocomposites increased with CNFs content across the entire temperature range. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that CNFs had a slightly negative impact on the thermal stability of NR nanocomposites. There was no change in the glass transition temperature of the rubber matrix with the addition of cellulose nanofibrils, which was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements.
Teaching Ad Tech: Assessing Collaborative Teaching in an Advertising, Computer Science and Design Course (2017)

Advertising technology is advancing quickly incorporating digital techniques that may be beyond the experience of the individual faculty member. Collaborative teaching, where faculty members from different disciplines co-teach a course, may be a solution. This report assesses the learning outcomes of an advertising technology course taught by faculty from one university's advertising, computer science and human-computer interaction programs. The course was run twice, with a third one in progress. Students were predominantly advertising majors, with a minority of computer science and design majors. Two semesters of pre- and post-tests were analyzed, finding increases in student comfort with preparing and presenting technologically advanced solutions to advertising challenges.
A Comparative Study of Shear Stresses in Collagen-Glycosaminoglycan and Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds in Bone Tissue-Engineering Bioreactors (2008)

The increasing demand for bone grafts, combined with their limited availability and potential risks, has led to much new research in bone tissue engineering. Current strategies of bone tissue engineering commonly use cell-seeded scaffolds and flow perfusion bioreactors to stimulate the cells to produce bone tissue suitable for implantation into the patient's body. The aim of this study was to quantify and compare the wall shear stresses in two bone tissue engineering scaffold types (collagen-glycosaminoglycan (CG) and calcium phosphate) exposed to fluid flow in a perfusion bioreactor. Based on micro-computed tomography images, three-dimensional numerical computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models of the two scaffold types were developed to calculate the wall shear stresses within the scaffolds. For a given flow rate (normalized according to the cross-sectional area of the scaffolds), shear stress was 2.8 times as high in the CG as in the calcium-phosphate scaffold. This is due to the differences in scaffold geometry, particularly the pore size (CG pore size approximately 96 microm, calcium phosphate pore size approximately 350 microm). The numerically obtained results were compared with those from an analytical method that researchers use widely experimentalists to determine perfusion flow rates in bioreactors. Our CFD simulations revealed that the cells in both scaffold types were exposed to a wide range of wall shear stresses throughout the scaffolds and that the analytical method predicted shear stresses 12% to 21% greater than those predicted using the CFD method. This study demonstrated that the wall shear stresses in calcium phosphate scaffolds (745.2 mPa) are approximately 40 times as high as in CG scaffolds (19.4 mPa) when flow rates are applied that have been experimentally used to stimulate the release of prostaglandin E(2). These findings indicate the importance of using accurate computational models to estimate shear stress and determine experimental conditions in perfusion bioreactors for tissue engineering.
J042013 Characterization and Inspection of Thin Polymer Films by Utilizing Acoustic Resonance Phenomenon (2012)

Characterization of acoustic properties of polymer films, e.g., acoustic impedance, ultrasonic velocity, etc., is important because those relate the physical and chemical properties of the films. The method for measuring the acoustic properties of polymer films utilizing acoustic resonance phenomenon is reported where the ultrasound is transmitted into the water/polymer film/tungsten plate interface. The acoustic properties of LDPE, PVC and PVDC films are characterized. It is found that the micro bubbles in the film can be detected by the change in the density of the film.
Matter Wave Diffraction from an Inclined Transmission Grating: Searching for the ElusiveH4eTrimer Efimov State (2005)

The size of the helium trimer is determined by diffracting a beam of $^{4}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}$ clusters from a 100 nm period grating inclined by 21\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}. Because of the bar thickness the projected slit width is roughly halved to 27 nm, increasing the sensitivity to the trimer size. The peak intensities measured out to the eighth order are evaluated via a few-body scattering theory. The trimer pair distance is found to be $⟨r⟩={1.1}_{\ensuremath{-}0.5}^{+0.4}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{nm}$ in agreement with predictions for the ground state. No evidence for a significant amount of Efimov trimers is found. Their concentration is estimated to be under 6%, less than expected.
A 5-HT4 Receptor Transmembrane Network Implicated in the Activity of Inverse Agonists but Not Agonists (2002)

Activation of G protein-coupled receptors is thought to involve disruption of intramolecular interactions that stabilize their inactive conformation. Such disruptions are induced by agonists or by constitutively active mutations. In the present study, novel potent inverse agonists are described to inhibit the constitutive activity of 5-HT(4) receptors. Using these compounds and specific receptor mutations, we investigated the mechanisms by which inverse agonists may reverse the disruption of intramolecular interactions that causes constitutive activation. Two mutations (D100(3.32)A in transmembrane domain (TMD)-III and F275(6.51)A in TMD-VI) were found to completely block inverse agonist effects without impairing their binding properties nor the molecular activation switches induced by agonists. Based on the rhodopsin model, we propose that these mutated receptors are in equilibrium between two states R and R* but are unable to reach a third "silent" state stabilized by inverse agonists. We also found another mutation in TMD-VI (W272(6.48)A) that stabilized this silent state. This mutant remained fully activated by agonists. Molecular modeling indicated that Asp-100, Phe-275, and Trp-272 might constitute a network required for stabilization of the silent state by the described inverse agonists. However, this network is not necessary for agonist activity.
A calibration concept for passive MW imaging using beam steering by frequency shift and aperture synthesis (2013)

Passive microwave (MW) remote sensing is used in Earth observation missions for example to estimate the salinity of oceans or the soil moisture of landscapes. In these cases the absolute brightness temperature numbers are important for sufficient accuracy of the estimated geo-physical parameters. Consequently a suitable system calibration network is required. At DLR a radiometric demonstrator for fully-electronic MW imaging was set up at Ka-band, which is based on a combination of beam steering by frequency shift using a broadband slotted-waveguide antenna for one scanning direction, and the application of aperture synthesis for the other direction. Aperture synthesis is well known from radio astronomy, but it is still a new imaging principle for Earth observation or security applications. Hence as well new calibration techniques have to be developed for this kind of scanning mechanism. In this paper a novel approach for a noise-source based calibration method taking into account the antenna losses will be introduced. When using aperture synthesis techniques to determine the absolute brightness temperature values, it is very important, among other things, to know the exact phase transfer function of the system in order to achieve the desired radiometric resolution. Consequently our approach enables phase calibration as well. The paper outlines a proof of concept for this calibration method using a two-element interferometer called VESAS (<i>Voll Elektronischer Scanner mit AperturSynthese</i>) as a demonstrator. The functionality of the demonstrator and the proof of concept of the imaging principle mentioned before are written in detail in [1].
ANALYSIS OF THE ROTATIONAL STRUCTURE IN SEVERAL BANDS IN THE HIGH-RESOLUTION INFRARED SPECTRA OF BUTADIENE-TRANS, TRANS-1,$4-d_{2}$ AND -CIS,CIS-1,$4-d_{2}$. (2003)

Author Institution: Department of Chemistry, Oberlin College; Department of Chemistry, EMSL, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Grating-assisted coupling to nanophotonic circuits in microcrystalline diamond thin films (2013)

Synthetic diamond films can be prepared on a waferscale by using chemical vapour deposition (CVD) on suitable substrates such as silicon or silicon dioxide. While such films find a wealth of applications in thermal management, in X-ray and terahertz window design, and in gyrotron tubes and microwave transmission lines, their use for nanoscale optical components remains largely unexplored. Here we demonstrate that CVD diamond provides a high-quality template for realizing nanophotonic integrated optical circuits. Using efficient grating coupling devices prepared from partially etched diamond thin films, we investigate millimetre-sized optical circuits and achieve single-mode waveguiding at telecoms wavelengths. Our results pave the way towards broadband optical applications for sensing in harsh environments and visible photonic devices.
Volumetric Displays: Turning 3-D Inside-Out (2018)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Daniel Smalley, Ting-Chung Poon, Hongyue Gao, Joshua Kvavle, and Kamran Qaderi, "Volumetric Displays: Turning 3-D Inside-Out," Optics & Photonics News 29(6), 26-33 (2018) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Present and future applications of supercapacitors in electric and hybrid vehicles (2014)

This paper is concerned with supercapacitors (electrochemical capacitors) and their applications in electric drive vehicles in place of or in combination with batteries. The electric drive vehicles considered are hybrid vehicles and fuel cell vehicles. The first section of the paper presents recent test data for advanced proto-type devices. The data for the new carbon/carbon device from Skeleton Technologies showed an energy density of 9 Wh/kg and 95% efficient power capability of 1730 W/kg. Both of these characteristics are significantly better than those of commercially available devices. Test data are shown for a hybrid supercapacitor from Yunasko that has an energy density greater than 30 Wh/kg and a 95% efficient power capability of 3120 W/kg. This device has the best performance of any supercapacitor device tested at UC Davis to date. Various vehicle applications of supercapacitors have been reviewed in detail. Simulation results are presented for light duty vehicles using supercapacitors in place of lithium batteries in hybrid and fuel cell vehicles. It was found in all cases that the vehicles using the supercapacitors had the same as or better performance than those using batteries and in general were more efficient. The cost of supercapacitors compared to lithium batteries was discussed briefly. It was shown that when one recognizes that the energy stored in the capacitors is less than 1/10 that in the batteries for hybrid applications, the price of supercapacitors needs to decrease to about .5–1 cent Farad for capacitors to be cost competitive with high power batteries at $500–700/kWh. In addition, there is a good possibility that the life of the capacitors would be equal to that of the hybrid vehicles.
Simple monitoring of cell leakiness and viability in Escherichia coli bioprocesses—A case study (2016)

In a recently published study, we developed a simple methodology to monitor <i>Escherichia coli</i> cell integrity and lysis during bioreactor cultivations, where we intentionally triggered leakiness. In this follow-up study, we used this methodology, comprising the measurement of extracellular alkaline phosphatase to monitor leakiness and flow cytometry to follow viability, to investigate the effect of process parameters on a recombinant <i>E. coli</i> strain producing the highly valuable vascular endothelial growth factor A165 (VEGF-A165) in the periplasm. Since the amount of soluble product was very little (<500 μg/g dry cell weight), we directly linked the effect of the three process parameters temperature, specific uptake rate of the inducer arabinose and specific growth rate (μ) to cell integrity and viability. We found that a low temperature and a high μ were beneficial for cell integrity and that an elevated temperature resulted in reduced viability. We concluded that the recombinant <i>E. coli</i> cells producing VEGF-A165 in the periplasm should be cultivated at low temperature and high μ to reduce leakiness and guarantee high viability. Summarizing, in this follow-up study we demonstrate the usefulness of our simple methodology to monitor leakiness and viability of recombinant <i>E. coli</i> cells during bioreactor cultivations.
Protection circuit for high power amplifiers operating under mismatch conditions (2007)

A protection circuit is developed which protects transistors in the output stage of a high power amplifier against voltage breakdown as a result of mismatch. The circuit is applied in an S-band and X-band High Power Amplifier and measured under various mismatch conditions. The devices have been developed in the 6-inch 0.5 mum GaAs power pHEMT process (PP50-11) of WIN Semiconductors.
Optimal fluorescent‐dye staining time for the real‐time detection of microbes: a study of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2020)

Design and operating conditions for rapid and online measurements of microbes can be optimized.
Abstract 191: 18F-Sodium Fluoride PET-CT Measures Plaque Burden in Gene Modified Minipigs with Atherosclerosis (2019)

Background and objectives: 18F-Sodium Fluoride (18F-NaF) PET imaging is an emerging technique to detect atherosclerotic plaques which may inform risk stratification and preventive therapy. 18F bind...
Hemophilia gene therapy: it's a matter of expression (2003)

Hemophilia continues to represent one of the prime candidates for the successful application of somatic cell gene therapy. There have been 3 phase 1/2 clinical trials of hemophilia gene therapy completed with no adverse events, and variable evidence of low-level clotting factor expression.[1][1]-[3
Dithiocarbamate ligand stabilised gold nanoparticles (2005)

Dithiocarbamates are used as adsorbates for the preparation of gold nanoparticles. A range of mono- and tetrakis-functionalised dithiocarbamate ligands containing alkyl, benzyl and resorcinarene cavitand substituents are synthesised. Nanoparticles are prepared by a two-phase synthesis and are characterised by 1H NMR spectroscopy, UV-Visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and elemental analysis. The colloids are found to be stable over a number of months storage in air. The synthetic versatility of the dithiocarbamate ligand is further demonstrated by the synthesis of ruthenium(II) bipyridyl dithiocarbamate capped gold nanoparticles.
Nonvisual measurement of collapse field in small-bubble garnets (1981)

We describe a nonvisual apparatus for directly measuring the collapse field of any bubble-domain material regardless of bubble diameter. We employ an optical technique utilizing the Faraday effect. Laser light is passed through the sample and polarizer and is then directed onto a photodetector. The bias field applied to the sample includes an ac component which modulates the bubble diameter and hence causes an ac output from the photodetector. The collapse field is determined by increasing the dc component of the bias field until the ac photodetector output due to the bubble modulation drops to zero. Although this method is straightforward in principle, a number of special measures are necessary to make rapid and accurate measurements. We discuss how the optimum optical wavelength and power for these measurements are determined by the magneto-optic and absorption characteristics of bubble garnets. We also describe the means to achieve the essential requirement of low laser noise. Finally, we present typical results obtained with our technique on a garnet material having 1.4 μm stripes. These data demonstrate that accuracies of ∼1% are readily achieved with measurement times of less than one minute.