gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Robust Control Scheme for Medium-Voltage-Level DVR Implementation (2007)

In this paper, a robust control scheme with an outer H infinity voltage control loop and an inner current control loop is designed and implemented on a medium-voltage (MV)-level dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) system. Through a simple selection of weighting functions, the synthesized Hoc controller would exhibit significant gains in the vicinity of positive- and negative-sequence fundamental frequencies, and therefore, it would be able to regulate both positive- and negative-sequence components effectively, with explicit robustness in the face of system parameter variations. A detailed discussion of H infinity controller weighting function selection, inner current loop tuning, and system disturbance rejection capability is presented. Finally, the designed control scheme is extensively tested on a laboratory 10-kV MV-level DVR system with varying voltage sag (balanced and unbalanced) and loading (linear/nonlinear load and induction motor load) conditions. It is shown that the proposed control scheme is effective in both balanced and unbalanced sag compensation and load disturbance rejection, as its robustness is explicitly specified.
Fabrication of diffractive optical elements with arbitrary surface-relief profile by direct laser writing (2002)

A new method is developed to precisely control the key parameters for fabricating high quality diffractive optical elements with any surface-relief profiles. For the case of direct laser writing on photoresists, these parameters include the laser intensity, laser writing speed, etc. A computer control system has been programmed to compute the corresponding laser intensity incremental step and the spacing of adjacent scans, and control of the optimized process for fabricating diffractive optical elements. The compensation due to the laser variation over time has also been considered in the program. An example of a fabricated diffractive optical element and its optical performance is also demonstrated.
A hierarchical framework for semantic scene classification in soccer sports video (2008)

In this paper, we propose a novel hierarchical framework for soccer (football) video classification. Unlike most existing video classification approaches, which focus on shot detection followed by classification based on clustering using shot aggregation, the proposed scheme perform a top-down video scene classification which avoids shot clustering. This improves the classification accuracy and also maintains the temporal order of shots. In the hierarchy, at level-1, we use audio features, to extract potentially interesting clips from the video. At level-2, we classify these clips into field view and non-field view using feature of dominant grass color ratio. At level-3a, we classify field view into three kinds of views using motion-mask. At level-3b, we classify non-field view into close-up and crowd using skin color information. At level-4, we classify close-ups into the four frequently occuring classes such as player of team-A, player of team-B, goalkeeper of team-A, goalkeeper of team-B using jersey color information. We show promising results, with correctly classified soccer scenes, enabling structural and temporal analysis, such as highlight extraction, and video skimming.
Formation of ultrahigh density and ultrasmall coherent β-FeSi2 nanodots on Si (111) substrates using Si and Fe codeposition method (2006)

We studied the formation of β-FeSi2 nanodots by codeposition at disilicide stoichiometric deposition rates of Fe and Si on Si (111) substrates covered with ultrathin SiO2 films. Hemispherical β-FeSi2 nanodots with an ultrahigh density (&amp;gt;1012cm−2) and with a narrow size distribution at the average size of ∼5nm diameter were epitaxially grown by the codeposition at 500°C on ultrathin SiO2 films with predeposited Si. High-resolution transmission electron microscope observations showed that the formed nanodots were strained with a main configuration of β-FeSi2 (110)∕Si (111). We propose the formation mechanism that a reaction between the SiO2 films and deposited Si atoms formed voids in the SiO2 films to work as nucleation sites, followed by direct β-FeSi2 formation from Fe and Si without passing through other iron silicide phases.
RDP58, a Novel Immunomodulatory Peptide with Anti-Inflammatory Effects. A Pharmacological Study in Trinitrobenzene Sulphonic Acid Colitis and Crohn Disease (2003)

Our results suggest that RDP58 may be an effective therapy for CD with the clinical advantage of an oral administration.
Sur L'Utilisation des Protoplastes en Cytologie: Amelioration D'Une Methode Recente en vue de L'Identification des Chromosomes Mitotiques des GenresNicotianaetPrunus (1978)

SUMMARYPlant protoplasts treated in the same way as lymphocytes in animal cytogenetics allowed to point out a chromosomes counting technique in tobacco tissue cultures (MOURAS 1975). The analysis of the factors important to develop this method (pretreatment, osmotic concentration and temperature of the cell-enzyme mixture) leads to an improvement of the method. Hence it becomes possible to consider its application in order to identify not only mitotic chromosomes of tobacco, for which a karyogram is presented (Fig. 1), but also those of species with which the squash technique has only given, till now, poor results: Prunus (Figs. 2 and 3) and Corylus.
Sandwich-type deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization assays based on enzyme amplified time-resolved fluorometry (1998)

We report microtiter well-based sandwich-type DNA hybridization assays using enzyme amplified time-resolved fluorometry of Tb3+ chelates. The target DNA was hybridized with two adjacent and non-overlapping oligonucleotide probes, one oligonucleotide serving as the capture probe and the other as the detection probe. Two ligand-specific binding protein pairs were used alternately for capture of the hybrids to the solid phase and detection; the biotin-streptavidin and the digoxigenin-anti-digoxigenin interaction. In both cases, alkaline phosphatase was used as a reporter molecule and diflunisal phosphate as a substrate. The catalytic hydrolysis of the substrate produces diflunisal which forms ternary fluorescent complex with Tb(3+)-EDTA. Furthermore, we studied the effect of the probe labeling method and the position of the label on the sensitivity of the assays. The data suggest that capture of the hybrids through biotin-streptavidin and detection via digoxigenin-anti-digoxigenin offer 2-3 times higher sensitivity than the reverse configuration. The highest sensitivity was achieved with enzymatic labeling of capture and detection probes at the 3' end. A signal-to-background ratio of 4 was achieved for 0.2 fmol of target DNA. The RSD were better than 4%.
Natural polarizability and flexibility via explicit valency: The case of water (2012)

As the dominant physiological solvent, water drives the folding of biological macromolecules, influences conformational changes, determines the ionization states of surface groups, actively participates in catalytic events, and provides "wires" for long-range proton transfer. Elucidation of all these roles calls for atomistic simulations. However, currently available methods do not lend themselves to efficient simulation of proton transfer events, or even polarizability and flexibility. Here, we report that an explicit account of valency can provide a unified description for the polarizability, flexibility, and dissociability of water in one intuitive and efficient setting. We call this approach LEWIS, after the chemical theory that inspires the use of valence electron pairs. In this paper, we provide details of the method, the choice of the training set, and predictions for the neat ambient liquid, with emphasis on structure, dynamics, and polarization. LEWIS water provides a good description of bulk properties, and dipolar and quadrupolar responses.
Active bioacoustic measurement for human-to-human skin contact area detection (2015)

This paper describes a method to acquire the human-to-human skin contact area quantitatively. "Touch" is human's fundamental communication and is reckoned to have positive effects physically and emotionally. Indeed, physical stimulation is applied for clinical treatments for mental disorders. However, there is no existing technique to quantitatively measure the amount of touch (area, position, time length, etc.). Our method employs an active bioacoustics measurement technique to quantify the skin-to-skin contact area. A proposed system consists of a vibration unit and a sensing unit. A couple of users wear the units respectively. When they touch with each other, acoustic (elastic) waves propagate through their bodies via the skin contact zone. We consider that the amplitude of the waves which reach the sensing unit depends on the contact zone area. A result of our fundamental experiment supports our expectation.
Cdc42 GTPase regulates ESCRTs in nuclear envelope sealing and ER remodeling (2019)

Abstract Small GTPases of the Rho family are binary molecular switches that regulate a variety of processes including cell migration and oriented cell divisions. Known Cdc42 effectors include proteins involved in cytoskeletal remodeling and kinase-dependent transcription induction, but none involved in the maintenance of nuclear envelope integrity or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) morphology. Maintenance of nuclear envelope integrity requires the EndoSomal Complexes Required for Transport (ESCRT) proteins, but how they are regulated in this process remains unknown. Here we show by live-cell imaging a novel Cdc42 localization with ESCRT proteins at sites of nuclear envelope and ER fission, and by genetic analysis, uncover a unique Cdc42 function in regulation of ESCRT proteins at the nuclear envelope and sites of ER tubule fission. Our findings implicate Cdc42 in nuclear envelope sealing and ER remodeling, where it regulates ESCRT disassembly to maintain nuclear envelope integrity and proper ER architecture. Summary The small Rho GTPase Cdc42 is a well-known regulator of cytoskeletal rearrangement and polarity development in all eukaryotic cell types. Here, Lu and Drubin report the serendipitous discovery of a novel Cdc42-ESCRT-nuclear envelope/endoplasmic reticulum connection.
T Cells Survey the Stability of the Self: A Testable Hypothesis on the Homeostatic Role of TCR-MHC Interactions (2007)

In the lifetime of an individual, every single gene will have undergone mutation on about 10(10) separate occasions. Nevertheless, cancer occurs mainly with advancing age. Here, we hypothesize that the evolutionary pressure driving the creation of the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire was primarily the homeostatic surveillance of the genome. The subtly variable T cells may in fact constitute an evolutionary link between the invariable innate and hypervariable B cell systems. The new model is based on the homeostatic role of T cells, suggesting that molecular complementarity between the positively selected TCR and the self peptide-presenting major histocompatibility complex molecules establishes and regulates homeostasis, strictly limiting variations of its components. Notwithstanding, the 'homeostatic role of T cells' model offers a more realistic explanation as to how a naïve clonal immune system can cope with the much faster replicating pathogens, despite a limited repertoire that is capable of facing only a small fraction of the vast antigenic universe at a time.
Interface thermal conductance of van der Waals monolayers on amorphous substrates (2017)

Heterostructures based on atomic monolayers are emerging as leading materials for future energy efficient and multifunctional electronics. Due to the single atom thickness of monolayers, their properties are strongly affected by interactions with the external environment. We develop a model for interface thermal conductance (ITC) in an atomic monolayer van der Waals bonded to a disordered substrate. Graphene on SiO<sub>2</sub> is initially used in our model and contrasted against available experimental data; the model is then applied to monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>) on SiO<sub>2</sub> substrate. Our findings show the dominant carrier of heat in both graphene and MoS<sub>2</sub> in the cross-plane direction is the flexural (ZA) phonon mode, owing to the large overlap between graphene ZA and substrate vibrational density of states. The rate of phonon transfer across the interface depends quadratically on the substrate coupling constant K <sub>a</sub> , but this interaction also causes a lifting of the lowest flexural phonon modes. As a result, ITC depends roughly linearly on the strength of the coupling between a monolayer and its substrate. We conclude that, in both graphene and MoS<sub>2</sub> on SiO<sub>2</sub>, substrate adhesion plays a strong role in determining ITC, requiring further study of substrate coupling in TMDCs.
Missense Polymorphisms inBRCA1andBRCA2and Risk of Breast and Ovarian Cancer (2009)

Abstract Purpose: BRCA1 and BRCA2 are key tumor suppressors with a role in cellular DNA repair, genomic stability, and checkpoint control. Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 often cause hereditary breast and ovarian cancer; however, missense polymorphisms in these genes pose a problem in genetic counseling, as their impact on risk of breast and ovarian cancer is unclear. Experimental Design: We resequenced BRCA1 and BRCA2 in 194 women with a familial history of breast and/or ovarian cancer and identified nine possibly biologically relevant polymorphisms (BRCA1 Gln356Arg, Pro871Leu, Glu1038Gly, Ser1613Gly, and Met1652Ile. BRCA2 Asn289His, Asn372His, Asp1420Tyr, and Tyr1915Met). We evaluated risk of breast and/or ovarian cancer by these polymorphisms in a prospective study of 5,743 women from the general population followed for 39 years and in a case-control study of 1,201 breast cancer cases and 4,120 controls. Results: We found no association between heterozygosity or homozygosity for any of the nine polymorphisms and risk of breast and/or ovarian cancer in either study. We had 80% power to exclude hazard/odds ratios for heterozygotes and/or homozygotes for all nine missense polymorphisms above 1.3 to 3.3 in the prospective study, and above 1.2 to 3.2 in the case-control study. Conclusions: Heterozygosity and homozygosity of any of the examined nine BRCA1 and BRCA2 missense polymorphisms cannot explain the increased risk of breast and/or ovarian cancer observed in families with hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer. Therefore, genetic counseling of such families safely can disregard findings of these missense polymorphisms. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(8):2339–42)
Smart-pixel with SPAD detector and time-to-digital converter for time-correlated single photon counting (2010)

We present a high precision Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC) architecture suitable for multi-channel implementations such as in monolithic arrays of single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detectors for time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) and LIDAR applications. The proposed architecture is based on a `coarse' counter and two-stage interpolators, thus reaching a high interpolation factor with moderate chip area consumption. A prototype chip has been fabricated in a 0.35 μm standard CMOS technology and contains smart-pixels with the TDC and the 20 μm diameter SPAD detector with its analog sensing and quenching electronics. The 250 μm × 250 μm smart-pixel reaches a resolution of 10 ps and a dynamic range of 160 ns. It is suitable for imaging arrays aimed at photon timing applications like FLIM, FCS, FRET, but also Time-Of-Flight applications like LIDAR.
Investigation of the electronic properties and morphology of conducting polymer electrodes for engineering applications (1995)

We evaluate the performance of the conducting polymers, polyaniline (PAni) and poly-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-thiophene (PFPT), as the active material in electrochemical capacitors. Using scanning electron microscopy and cyclic voltammetry, the morphology and charge/discharge characteristics of the as-grown polymers were studied under different electrochemical conditions. When electropolymerized at high current densities in aqueous acid solution, PAni exhibits a morphology consisting of a network of interwoven fibrils. It was shown that layers of this PAni network can be electropolymerized onto a thin-planar metal substrate resulting in a decrease in cathodic and anodic peak separations, improving charge/discharge reversibility. A continuous PAni network will make possible a decreases in the total weight of the electrodes with respect to those electrodes grown onto a fibrous carbon substrate of high surface area and high porosity. The effect of different growth electrolytes on the charge/discharge process was also characterized. Hydrochloric acid electrolyte provided an optimum polymer deposition, with respect to morphology and capacitive performance. PFPT films were grown from a solution in a non-aqueous solution. High growth current densities affected the performance of PFPT polymer films in a positive manner. A growth rate of 20 mA/cm{sup 2} not only provided an increase in charge storage, but in the amount of polymer deposited when compared to equivalent amounts deposited at 1 mA/cm{sup 2}. The morphology of the deposited conducting polymer is shown to be one of the most important characteristics in the attempt to achieve an ideal electrochemical capacitor electrode. The polymer morphology directly affects the charge/discharge process because of the strong interaction between ionic conductivity in the electrolyte and the electronic conductivity of the polymer. Cyclic-dependent degradation of the PFPT films was observed.
The global Land-Potential Knowledge System (LandPKS): Supporting evidence-based, site-specific land use and management through cloud computing, mobile applications, and crowdsourcing (2013)

Agricultural production must increase significantly to meet the needs of a growing global population with increasing per capita consumption of food, fiber, building materials, and fuel. Consumption already exceeds net primary production in many parts of the world (Imhoff et al. 2004).
A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 150 Mediates Transient Receptor Potential Family V Type 1 Sensitivity to Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-Bisphosphate (2011)

A-kinase anchoring protein 150 (AKAP150) is a scaffolding protein that controls protein kinase A- and C-mediated phosphorylation of the transient receptor potential family V type 1 (TRPV1), dictating receptor response to nociceptive stimuli. The phospholipid phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP(2)) anchors AKAP150 to the plasma membrane in naive conditions and also affects TRPV1 activity. In the present study, we sought to determine whether the effects of PIP(2) on TRPV1 are mediated through AKAP150. In trigeminal neurons and CHO cells, the manipulation of cellular PIP(2) led to significant changes in the association of AKAP150 and TRPV1. Following PIP(2) degradation, increased TRPV1:AKAP150 coimmunoprecipitation was observed, resulting in increased receptor response to capsaicin treatment. Phospholipase C activation in neurons isolated from AKAP150(-/-) animals indicated that PIP(2)-mediated inhibition of TRPV1 in the whole-cell environment requires expression of the scaffolding protein. Furthermore, the addition of PIP(2) to neurons isolated from AKAP150 wild-type mice reduced PKA sensitization of TRPV1 compared with isolated neurons from AKAP150(-/-) mice. These findings suggest that PIP(2) degradation increases AKAP150 association with TRPV1 in the whole-cell environment, leading to sensitization of the receptor to nociceptive stimuli.
Overcoming the speckle correlation limit to achieve a fiber wavemeter with attometer resolution (2019)

The measurement of the wavelength of light using speckle is a promising tool for the realization of compact and precise wavemeters and spectrometers. However, the resolution of these devices is limited by strong correlations between the speckle patterns produced by closely spaced wavelengths. Here, we show how principal component analysis of speckle images provides a route to overcome this limit. Using this, we demonstrate a compact wavemeter that measures attometer-scale wavelength changes of a stabilized diode laser, eight orders of magnitude below the speckle correlation limit.
Towards modeling and detection of polymorphic network attacks using grammar based learning with Support Vector Machines (2009)

Polymorphic attacks threaten to make many intrusion detection schemes ineffective [15] . In order to address the threat of advanced attacks, model based techniques are required. In this paper we improve our Grammar Based Modeling techniques [1]–[5] to be more resilient to attacks that change in form by using advanced classification techniques. Similarity distances from known models are input as features input to Support Vector Machines and other advanced classification techniques to provide improved classification performance. Results indicate promise for intrusion detection and response against polymorphic attack with minimal false alarms.
Effect of Cytoplasmic Viscosity on Red Blood Cell Migration in Small Arteriole-level Confinements (2019)

The dynamics of red blood cells in small arterioles are important as these dynamics affect many physiological processes such as hemostasis and thrombosis. However, studying red blood cell flows via computer simulations is challenging due to the complex shapes and the non-trivial viscosity contrast of a red blood cell. To date, little progress has been made studying small arteriole flows (20-40 μ m) with a hematocrit (red blood cell volume fraction) of 10-20% and a physiological viscosity contrast. In this work, we present the results of large-scale simulations that show how the channel size, viscosity contrast of the red blood cells, and hematocrit affect cell distributions and the cell-free layer in these systems. We utilize a massively-parallel immersed boundary code coupled to a finite volume solver to capture the particle resolved physics. We show that channel size qualitatively changes how the cells distribute in the channel. Our results also indicate that at a hematocrit of 10% that the viscosity contrast is not negligible when calculating the cell free layer thickness. We explain this result by comparing lift and collision trajectories of cells at different viscosity contrasts.
DNA sequence analysis and restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the P1 gene of Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius associated with Brazilian purpuric fever (1996)

Brazilian purpuric fever (BPF) is a fulminant pediatric disease caused by specific strains of Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius. A conserved epitope on the P1 protein of strains of H. influenzae biogroup aegyptius is seen on most virulent isolates. The P1 protein from a Brazilian case-clone strain of H. influenzae biogroup aegyptius was analyzed by cloning and sequencing the gene. Three major variable regions are present within the P1 gene of the BPF clone in an architecture similar to that of the previously sequenced P1 genes from H. influenzae. The DNA sequence data of the P1 gene provided information for restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses among strains of H. influenzae biogroup aegyptius. Using PCR for amplification of the P1 gene, we found that AlwI restriction of this gene allowed for a highly accurate segregation of virulent strains of H. influenzae biogroup aegyptius associated with BPF. The strong association of virulent phenotypes with specific AlwI restriction patterns of the P1 gene provides a basis for the convenient and accurate identification of strains of H. influenzae biogroup aegyptius which cause BPF.