gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Targeted Therapeutic Response With Predictive Blood-Based Biomarkers in Patients With Chronic Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (2023)

Chronic consequences of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are heterogeneous, but may be treatable with targeted medical and rehabilitation interventions. A biological signature for the likelihood of response to therapy (i.e., "predictive" biomarkers) would empower personalized medicine post-mTBI. The purpose of this study was to correlate pre-intervention blood biomarker levels and the likelihood of response to targeted interventions for patients with chronic issues attributable to mTBI. Patients with chronic symptoms and/or disorders secondary to mTBI >3 months previous (104 days to 15 years; <i>n</i> = 74) were enrolled. Participants completed pre-intervention assessments of symptom burden, comprehensive clinical evaluation, and blood-based biomarker measurements. Multi-domain targeted interventions for specific symptoms and impairments across a 6-month treatment period were prescribed. Participants completed a follow-up testing after the treatment period. An all-possible model's backward logistic regression was built to identify predictors of improvement in relation to blood biomarker levels before intervention. The minimum clinically important difference (MCID) of the change score (post-intervention subtracted from pre-intervention) for the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) to identify treatment responders from non-responders was the primary outcome. The MCID for total PCSS score was 10. The model to predict change in PCSS score over the 6-month intervention was significant (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.09; <i>p</i> = 0.01) and identified ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (odds ratio [OR] = 2.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-5.46; <i>p</i> = 0.02) and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau; OR = 0.70; 95% CI, 0.51-0.96; <i>p</i> = 0.03) as significant predictors of symptom improvement beyond the PCSS MCID. In this cohort of chronic TBI subjects, blood biomarkers before rehabilitation intervention predicted the likelihood of response to targeted therapy for chronic disorders post-TBI.
The study of changes in the assimilation surface, relative chlorophyll content and maize yield with different agrotechnical factors (2014)

This research focused on the effects of previous crop, fertilization and irrigation on the Leaf Area Index (LAI) and relative chlorophyll content (SPAD) of maize and the amount of yield in three different crop years. We were also looking for the relations between these parameters. As an average of the three years, the year, the crop rotation, the irrigation and the fertilization had a 3.5%, 29.8%, 21.5% and 45.2% share in the yield, respectively. The maximum SPAD-values were measured at tasseling and silking periods depending upon the year. In all three crop rotation models, significant differences were found between the control and the fertilization levels of N120-180+PK. As a result of irrigation, an increasing trend can be observed in the SPAD. The maximum LAI were measured at the 12-leaf or tassel depending on the period of the year. The dynamics and maximum value of the LAI were significantly determined by fertilization. Crop rotation had a strong effect, though it varied with the year. There were no significant differences in leaf area between the irrigated and the non-irrigated treatments. The fertilization had the strongest impact (r = 0.533-0.723) on yield among the agrotechnical elements. The correlation between the crop rotation and the yield was significant but weak (r = 0.336-0.423), while irrigation had a loose, non-significant correlation with yield in 2011 and 2012. In 2013, irrigation had a greater influence on the yield than in 2011 and 2012 (r = 0.497).
TRIL, a Functional Component of the TLR4 Signaling Complex, Highly Expressed in Brain (2009)

TLR4 is the primary sensor of LPS. In this study, we describe for the first time TLR4 interactor with leucine-rich repeats (TRIL), which is a novel component of the TLR4 complex. TRIL is expressed in a number of tissues, most prominently in the brain but also in the spinal cord, lung, kidney, and ovary. TRIL is composed of a signal sequence, 13 leucine-rich repeats, a fibronectin domain, and a single transmembrane spanning region. TRIL is induced by LPS in the human astrocytoma cell line U373, in murine brain following i.p. injection, and in human PBMC. Endogenous TRIL interacts with TLR4 and this interaction is greatly enhanced following LPS stimulation. TRIL also interacts with the TLR4 ligand LPS. Furthermore, U373 cells stably overexpressing TRIL display enhanced cytokine production in response to LPS. Finally, knockdown of TRIL using small interfering RNA attenuates LPS signaling and cytokine production in cell lines, human PBMC, and primary murine mixed glial cells. These results demonstrate that TRIL is a novel component of the TLR4 complex which may have particular relevance for the functional role of TLR4 in the brain.
REET: Robustness Evaluation and Enhancement Toolbox for Computational Pathology (2022)

Motivation: Digitization of pathology laboratories through digital slide scanners and advances in deep learning approaches for objective histological assessment have resulted in rapid progress in the field of computational pathology (CPath) with wide-ranging applications in medical and pharmaceutical research as well as clinical workflows. However, the estimation of robustness of CPath models to variations in input images is an open problem with a significant impact on the down-stream practical applicability, deployment and acceptability of these approaches. Furthermore, development of domain-specific strategies for enhancement of robustness of such models is of prime importance as well. Implementation and Availability: In this work, we propose the first domain-specific Robustness Evaluation and Enhancement Toolbox (REET) for computational pathology applications. It provides a suite of algorithmic strategies for enabling robustness assessment of predictive models with respect to specialized image transformations such as staining, compression, focusing, blurring, changes in spatial resolution, brightness variations, geometric changes as well as pixel-level adversarial perturbations. Furthermore, REET also enables efficient and robust training of deep learning pipelines in computational pathology. REET is implemented in Python and is available at the following URL: https://github.com/alexjfoote/reetoolbox. Contact: Fayyaz.minhas@warwick.ac.uk
Supplementary Figures 1 - 13 from Histone H3.3 Mutations Drive Pediatric Glioblastoma through Upregulation of MYCN (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 495K, Collated supplementary figures. S1 - Expression of histone H3 methylation marks in paediatric glioma and normal cell lines. S2 - Further characterisation of KNS42 cells. S3 - H3K36me3 binding in H3F3A wild-type SF188 paediatric GBM cells. S4 -Spatio-temporal gene expression of H3F3A mutation-specific signatures in the human brain S5-S12 - Validation of differential H3K36me3 binding and expression of developmental transcription factors and genes associated with stem cell maintenance and pluripotency S13 - MYCN expression in G34V isogenic cells&lt;/p&gt;
Spectrally beam combined fiber lasers for high power, efficiency, and brightness (2012)

Spectrally Beam Combined fiber laser provide a superior architecture for power scaling laser to high power. We present experimental results where we achieved &lt; 3 kW, M2 = 1.35 with &lt; 39% E-O efficiency by combining 12 individual fiber lasers into a single high brightness beam.
Study of the Anti-Photoaging Effect of Noni (Morinda citrifolia) (2013)

During the aging process, morphological changes in the human skin appear most noticeably in areas of frequent exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun, such as the face and hands. Chronic UV exposure induces photoaging, characterized by pigmented spots and wrinkles in the skin. Gradual destruction of the ozonosphere has raised photoaging risk. This has led to rapid growth of the anti-photoaging cosmetic market, especially among women with young and fair skin. Sunscreen agents are a first choice for protection against photoaging. However, a certain amount of UV irradiation penetrates skin dermis, and adverse effect may occur with use of these agents. Because of this, a current trend is the development of safer cosmetic ingre‐ dients that effectively inhibit the UV signaling pathways leading to photoaging [1].
Introduction to this special section: Induced seismicity (2018)

In the last several years, significant progress has been made in elevating the understanding of induced seismicity as it relates to oil and gas operations. Much of the initial work in response to increased anthropogenic seismicity in the United States and Canada that began in 2009 served to document the phenomena and provide the link between the effect and the potential causes. We are now entering a second phase of research in which work is being done on many fronts — some assessing early models and assumptions on earthquake triggering, others testing potential practical risk mitigation tools, and a few documenting case histories that are beginning to shine a light on the details of the processes.
Neurobiology of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (2017)

Abstract Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent, early-onset and persistent disorder of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. The mechanisms of action of ADHD medications, neuroimaging studies, and studies of monoamine systems and animal models suggest that dysregulation of catecholaminergic neurotransmission in cerebellar-corticostriatal circuits plays a key role in the pathophysiology of ADHD. The efficacy of ADHD medications likely arises from their differing profile of effects on (a) dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems and (b) the localization of these effects in prefrontal cortex and striatum. ADHD has a very high heritability, and although molecular genetic studies have found no causal common DNA variants yet, they have found strong evidence that rare duplications and deletions are risk factors for ADHD. Environmental risk factors, especially those that impact early neurodevelopment (i.e., exposure to cigarette smoking and alcohol during pregnancy), also influence susceptibility to ADHD.
Melatonin, hydroxyl radical‐mediated oxidative damage, and aging: A hypothesis (1993)

Melatonin is a very potent and efficient endogenous radical scavenger. The pineal indolamine reacts with the highly toxic hydroxyl radical and provides on-site protection against oxidative damage to biomolecules within every cellular compartment. Melatonin acts as a primary non-enzymatic antioxidative defense against the devastating actions of the extremely reactive hydroxyl radical. Melatonin and structurally related tryptophan metabolites are evolutionary conservative molecules principally involved in the prevention of oxidative stress in organisms as different as algae and rats. The rate of aging and the time of onset of age-related diseases in rodents can be retarded by the administration of melatonin or treatments that preserve the endogenous rhythm of melatonin formation. The release of excitatory amino acids such as glutamate enhances endogenous hydroxyl radical formation. The activation of central excitatory amino acid receptors suppress melatonin synthesis and is therefore accompanied by a reduced detoxification rate of hydroxyl radicals. Aged animals and humans are melatonin-deficient and more sensitive to oxidative stress. Experiments investigating the effects of endogenous excitatory amino acid antagonists and stimulants of melatonin biosynthesis such as magnesium may finally lead to novel therapeutic approaches for the prevention of degeneration and dysdifferentiation associated with diseases related to premature aging.
miR-22 Inhibits Estrogen Signaling by Directly Targeting the Estrogen Receptor α mRNA (2009)

Estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) is a ligand-regulated transcription factor with a broad range of physiological functions and one of the most important classifiers in breast cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that have emerged as important regulators of gene expression in a plethora of physiological and pathological processes. Upon binding the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of target mRNAs, miRNAs typically reduce their stability and/or translation. The ER alpha mRNA has a long 3' UTR of about 4.3 kb which has been reported to reduce mRNA stability and which bears evolutionarily conserved miRNA target sites, suggesting that it might be regulated by miRNAs. We have performed a comprehensive and systematic assessment of the regulatory role of all miRNAs that are predicted to target the 3' UTR of the ER alpha mRNA. We found that miR-22 represses ER alpha expression most strongly and by directly targeting the ER alpha mRNA 3' UTR. Of the three predicted miR-22 target sites in the 3' UTR, the evolutionarily conserved one is the primary target. miR-22 overexpression leads to a reduction of ER alpha levels, at least in part by inducing mRNA degradation, and compromises estrogen signaling, as exemplified by its inhibitory impact on the ER alpha-dependent proliferation of breast cancer cells.
Families of Localized and Oscillatory Solutions to the Coupled-Nonlinear Two-Dimensional Dirac Equations (2018)

We numerically solve the coupled-nonlinear two-dimensional Dirac equations that describe a virtual spin-1/2 system with cubic nonlinearity.We find that this set of equations supports only oscillatory solutions in the non-relativistic limit and families of discrete localized solutions in the relativistic limit. Each family of the localized solutions is characterized by a constant central amplitude value. Each solution within a family is characterized by a number of nodes and a discrete energy eigenvalue, which is bounded by the rest mass of the particle. We study the effect of different parameters on the localized solutions.
Modification of Insulin, Glucose and Cholesterol Levels in Nonobese Women Undergoing Liposuction (2003)

An open autocontrolled clinical study was performed on 15 healthy nonobese women who underwent liposuction to establish how metabolic profiles are modified in the short-term postsurgical period. Preoperative glucose, insulin, and cholesterol levels were determined. Also, impedancometry was used to determinate body composition. After 3 postoperative weeks, the levels and determinations were again tested. The results demonstrated a significant difference in glucose, cholesterol, insulin secretion, and adiposity, but insulin levels, glucose-insulin relationship, and insulin sensitivity remained unaltered. From the results of this study, we consider liposuction to be a safe surgical procedure from a metabolic point of view because it improves the levels of cholesterol, glucose, and insulin secretion and at the same time decreases adiposity. Therefore, in the short term, liposuction can modify important markers for the development of type II diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease.
Cardiovascular response to insertion of Brain's laryngeal mask (1990)

Summary This study was designed to investigate the cardiovascular effects related to insertion of the Brain laryngeal mask airway and to compare these effects with those after insertion of a Guedel oral airway. Arterial pressure and heart rate in 100 patients were measured using an Ohmeda 2300 Finapres arterial pressure monitor. Arterial pressure decreased significantly (p &lt; 0.001) and heart rate increased significantly (p &lt; 0.001) after induction of anaesthesia with 2.5 mg/kg of propofol. A significant increase in arterial pressure (p &lt; 0.02) and in heart rate (p &lt; 0.001) followed insertion of the laryngeal mask and the Guedel airway, with no difference between the two groups at any time. The changes in arterial pressure and heart rate returned to ‘at insertion’ levels within 60 seconds of the stimulus.
Optimization of the blend ratio of soft functional polymers for high piezoelectric performance stretchable device (2023)

Abstract In recent years, softening a ferroelectric polymer for wearable tactile electronics has been challenging because of its high robustness and crystallinity. In this study, a functional piezoelectric material system was fabricated by optimizing the blend ratio of a copolymer of PMMA-PBA, which is an amorphous polymer, and a ferroelectric polymer P(VDF-TrFE). The stretchable film was able to extend it up to maximum 400%. By fabricating a capacitor-type device combined with a conductive polymer, we demonstrated the possibility of applying it to a stretchable sensor.
Contrast ultrasound molecular imaging of inflammation in cardiovascular disease (2009)

The cellular immune response plays an important role in almost every major form of cardiovascular disease. The ability to image the key aspects of the immune response in the clinical setting could be used to improve diagnostic information, to provide important prognostic or risk information, and to customize therapy according to disease phenotype. Accordingly, targeted imaging probes for assessing inflammation have been developed for essentially all forms of medical imaging. Molecular imaging of inflammation with contrast ultrasound relies on the detection of targeted microbubble or other gas-filled particle contrast agents. These agents are confined to the vascular space and, hence, have been targeted to either activated leucocytes or endothelial cell adhesion molecules that are upregulated in inflammation and mediate leucocyte recruitment and adhesion. This review focuses on the inflammation-targeting strategies for ultrasound contrast agents and how they have been matched to cardiovascular disease states such as myocardial ischaemia, infarction, atherosclerosis, transplant rejection, and arteriogenesis.
Full C and L bands wavelength tunable laser module with silicon micro-ring resonators (2010)

The first C and L bands wavelength tunable laser module was demonstrated with micro-ring resonators fabricated with silicon photonic wire waveguides. The hybrid integrated laser is compact and lower power consumption.
[In vitro detection of prostate cancer circulating cells by immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry and RT-PCR PSA]. (1998)

RT-PCR, due to its most perceptible limit of detection, appears to be the method of choice for the detection of prostatic epithelial cells. Immunocytochemistry has the advantage of providing a quantitative approach. Flow cytometry is limited by the limit of detection of the apparatus used. The prognostic significance of detection of circulating prostate cancer cells remains to be clarified, but the detection of these cells and their correlation with the primary tumour will provide a better understanding of metastatic phenomena.
Doxorubicin induces apoptosis with profile of large-scale DNA fragmentation and without DNA ladder in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells via histone hyperacetylation (2005)

Doxorubicin is known to be the most effective single cytotoxic drug against anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). Although doxorubicin has been shown to cause cell death, at least partly, by inducing apoptosis in ATC cells, the mechanism underlying its pharmacological efficacy has not been fully delineated. We, in this study, revealed that doxorubicin induced apoptosis in ATC cells by altering the acetylation state of histone. Doxorubicin reduced histone deacetylase activity and induced hyperacetylation of histone 3. Noticeably, ladder-like DNA fragments from their genomic DNA on agarose gel were not detected irrespective of several lines of evidence supporting the induction of apoptosis. Pulse field electrophoresis showed disintegration of nuclear DNA into giant fragments of 1-2 Mbp and high molecular-weight fragments of 100-1000 kbp. We next examined whether a histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TsA) augmented doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in ATC cells. TSA potentiated doxorubicin-induced stage I apoptosis in ATC cells. Our study sheds light on the development of a new combination therapy strategy for more effective responses for ATC treatment.
How do heart disease and stroke become risk factors for Alzheimer's disease? (2006)

Knowledge of how heart disease and stroke can progress to AD should provide a better understanding of the physiopathology characteristic of AD and also target more precise therapy in preventing, controlling or reversing this dementia.
Walking adaptability therapy after stroke: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2016)

Netherlands Trial Register NTR4030 . Registered on 11 June 2013, amendment filed on 17 June 2016.
Image Segmentation by MAP-ML Estimations (2010)

Image segmentation plays an important role in computer vision and image analysis. In this paper, image segmentation is formulated as a labeling problem under a probability maximization framework. To estimate the label configuration, an iterative optimization scheme is proposed to alternately carry out the maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation and the maximum likelihood (ML) estimation. The MAP estimation problem is modeled with Markov random fields (MRFs) and a graph cut algorithm is used to find the solution to the MAP estimation. The ML estimation is achieved by computing the means of region features in a Gaussian model. Our algorithm can automatically segment an image into regions with relevant textures or colors without the need to know the number of regions in advance. Its results match image edges very well and are consistent with human perception. Comparing to six state-of-the-art algorithms, extensive experiments have shown that our algorithm performs the best.
Statistical models for bituminous coal: a three-dimensional evaluation of structural and physical properties based on computer-generated structures (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStatistical models for bituminous coal: a three-dimensional evaluation of structural and physical properties based on computer-generated structuresJean Loup Faulon, Gary A. Carlson, and Patrick G. HatcherCite this: Energy Fuels 1993, 7, 6, 1062–1072Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00042a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00042a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views252Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts