gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PI3K Inhibition Reduces Mammary Tumor Growth and Facilitates Antitumor Immunity and Anti-PD1 Responses (2016)

<b>Purpose:</b> Metastatic breast cancers continue to elude current therapeutic strategies, including those utilizing PI3K inhibitors. Given the prominent role of PI3Kα,β in tumor growth and PI3Kγ,δ in immune cell function, we sought to determine whether PI3K inhibition altered antitumor immunity.<b>Experimental Design:</b> The effect of PI3K inhibition on tumor growth, metastasis, and antitumor immune response was characterized in mouse models utilizing orthotopic implants of 4T1 or PyMT mammary tumors into syngeneic or <i>PI3Kγ</i>-null mice, and patient-derived breast cancer xenografts in humanized mice. Tumor-infiltrating leukocytes were characterized by IHC and FACS analysis in BKM120 (30 mg/kg, every day) or vehicle-treated mice and <i>PI3Kγ<sup>null</sup></i> versus <i>PI3Kγ<sup>WT</sup></i> mice. On the basis of the finding that PI3K inhibition resulted in a more inflammatory tumor leukocyte infiltrate, the therapeutic efficacy of BKM120 (30 mg/kg, every day) and anti-PD1 (100 μg, twice weekly) was evaluated in PyMT tumor-bearing mice.<b>Results:</b> Our findings show that PI3K activity facilitates tumor growth and surprisingly restrains tumor immune surveillance. These activities could be partially suppressed by BKM120 or by genetic deletion of <i>PI3Kγ</i> in the host. The antitumor effect of <i>PI3Kγ</i> loss in host, but not tumor, was partially reversed by CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell depletion. Treatment with therapeutic doses of both BKM120 and antibody to PD-1 resulted in consistent inhibition of tumor growth compared with either agent alone.<b>Conclusions:</b> PI3K inhibition slows tumor growth, enhances antitumor immunity, and heightens susceptibility to immune checkpoint inhibitors. We propose that combining PI3K inhibition with anti-PD1 may be a viable therapeutic approach for triple-negative breast cancer. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 23(13); 3371-84. ©2016 AACR</i>.
Monte Carlo and kinetic Monte Carlo methods -- A Tutorial (2009)

This article reviews the basic computational techniques for carrying out multiscale simulations using statistical methods, with the focus on simulations of epitaxial growth. First, the statistical-physics background behind Monte Carlo simulations is briefly described. The kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) method is introduced as an extension of the more wide-spread thermodynamic Monte Carlo methods, and algorithms for kMC simulations, including parallel ones, are discussed in some detail. The step from the atomistic picture to the more coarse-grained description of Monte Carlo simulations is exemplified for the case of surface diffusion. Here, the aim is the derivation of rate constants from knowledge about the underlying atomic processes. Both the simple approach of Transition State Theory, as well as more recent approaches using accelerated molecular dynamics are reviewed. Finally, I address the point that simplifications often need to be introduced in practical Monte Carlo simulations in order to reduce the complexity of ’real’ atomic processes. Different ’flavors’ of kMC simulations and the potential pitfalls related to the reduction of complexity are presented in the context of simulations of epitaxial growth.
Assessing the speed-up achievable by online constraint removal in MPC (2015)

We recently proposed to accelerate online MPC calculations by detecting and removing inactive constraints from the online optimization problems as a function of the current initial state. A number of variants of constraint removal (CR) have been explored, ranging from detecting inactive constraints based on precomputed regions of activity or approximations thereof to online methods that do not require any offline preparation. In typical applications CR can reduce the computing times required for the calculation of the model predictive control laws by 15% to 90%. Since CR is very easy to implement, does not require any additional assumptions to be fulfilled beyond the usual ones for stability, and can be combined with all optimization algorithms, it is very easy to cash in the described acceleration. Moreover, CR may prove useful if an existing, established MPC implementation needs to be accelerated, e.g., in order to use it on an embedded processor, but replacing it altogether is not an option.
Evaluation of Keypoint Extraction and Matching for Pose Estimation Using Pairs of Spherical Images (2017)

Keypoint extraction and matching has been widely studied by the computer vision community, mostly focused on pinhole camera models. In this paper we perform a comparative analysis of four keypoint extraction algorithms applied to full spherical images, particularly in the context of pose estimation. Two of the methods chosen for the comparative study, namely A-KAZE and ASIFT, have been designed considering a perspective camera model, but were already applied in an omnidirectional structure from motion pipeline, generating successful results in the literature. The other two algorithms are properly adapted versions of the traditional descriptors SIFT and ORB to the spherical domain, subbed SSFIT and SPHORB. We conduct our tests on captures of omnidirectional cameras, both synthetic and real, arbitrarily translated and rotated with known ground-truth transformations. The extracted keypoints are fed to the well-known 8-point algorithm with RANSAC, allowing to estimate the relative camera poses. These poses (translation vector and rotation matrix) are then compared to the ground-truth transformation parameters, generating the error metrics used in our analysis. Our results indicated that spherical descriptors SSIFT and SPHORB did not produce better results than planar descriptors A-KAZE and ASIFT in the context of pose estimation, particularly in the evaluation with real image pairs.
Benefit-cost analysis of air-pollution control (1981)

The use of benefit-cost analysis in evaluating environmental-policy options recognizes that the benefits and costs occur at different times, in different forms, and affect different individuals. The book, which is intended for both economists and air-pollution-control experts, is divided into two parts: the theory of benefit-cost analysis and its application to air-pollution control. Both sections stress procedures for evaluation. Three appendices present the sources, measurement, and effects of air pollution; air-pollution-control equipment; and order-of-magnitude cost functions. 308 references, 25 figures, 27 tables.
Maximizing the Power of Principal Components Analysis of Correlated Phenotypes in Genome-wide Association Studies (2013)

Principal Component analysis (PCA) is a useful statistical technique that is commonly used for multivariate analysis of correlated variables. It is usually applied as a dimension reduction method: the top principal components (PCs) explaining most of total variance are tested for association with a predictor of interest, and the remaining PCs are ignored. This strategy has been widely applied in genetic epidemiology, however some of its aspects are not well appreciated in the context of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) association testing. In this study, we review the theoretical basis of PCA and its behavior when testing for association between a SNP and two correlated traits under various scenarios. We then evaluate with simulations the power of several different PCA-based strategies when analyzing up to 100 correlated traits. We show that contrary to widespread practice that testing the top PCs only can be dramatically underpowered since PCs explaining a low amount of the total phenotypic variance can harbor substantial genetic associations. Furthermore, we demonstrate that PC-based strategies that use all PCs have great potential to detect negatively pleiotropic genetic variants (e.g. variants with opposite effects on positively correlated traits) and genetic variants that are exclusively associated with a single trait, but only achieve a moderate gain in power to detect positive pleiotropic genetic loci. Finally, the genome-wide association study of five correlated coagulation traits in 685 subjects from the MARTHA study confirms these results. The joint analysis of the five PCs from the coagulation traits identified two new candidate SNPs, which were most strongly associated with the 5th PC that explained the smallest amount of phenotypic variance.
Structural and functional properties of protein synthesis initiation factors eIF-2 and eIF-2B from rat liver (1985)

Conference Article| August 01 1985 Structural and functional properties of protein synthesis initiation factors eIF-2 and eIF-2B from rat liver DAVID R. COLTHURST; DAVID R. COLTHURST 1The Biological Laboratory, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar CHRISTOPHER G. PROUD CHRISTOPHER G. PROUD 1The Biological Laboratory, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1985) 13 (4): 756–757. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0130756 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation DAVID R. COLTHURST, CHRISTOPHER G. PROUD; Structural and functional properties of protein synthesis initiation factors eIF-2 and eIF-2B from rat liver. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1985; 13 (4): 756–757. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0130756 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: eIF, eukaryotic initiation factor, Met-tRNAi, initiator tRNA, SDS, sodium dodecyl sulphate This content is only available as a PDF. © 1985 Biochemical Society1985 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
A Clinical Comparison of the Effect on the Gingiva of the Prophy‐Jet and the Rubber Cup and Paste Techniques (1986)

This clinical trial compared the effect on the gingiva of the Prophy-Jet and the rubber cup and paste techniques of stain and supragingival plaque removal. Twenty-one human subjects with healthy gingiva or slight gingivitis participated. A split mouth design was used. The Prophy-Jet caused a statistically significant increase (P less than 0.05) in gingival irritation immediately posttreatment, but the differences were not deemed clinically significant. There were no statistically significant (P less than 0.05) or clinically significant differences in the effect on the gingiva between the two techniques at 7 and 21 days posttreatment. There was no lasting difference in gingival trauma between the two methods of stain and supragingival plaque removal in subjects with healthy gingiva or slight gingivitis.
Prediction of response and survival in patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia treated with omacetaxine mepesuccinate: logistic regression and landmark analyses (2015)

Although many chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients initially do well with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), some patients develop resistance or intolerance to multiple TKIs and need further therapy. Omacetaxine mepesuccinate (omacetaxine), a protein synthesis inhibitor, represents a new class of treatment that can produce major cytogenetic response (MCyR) in patients with CML who have developed resistance or intolerance to TKIs. The US Food and Drug Administration approved subcutaneous omacetaxine for treatment of CML in chronic-phase (CP) and accelerated-phase patients, with resistance or intolerance to two or more TKIs based on efficacy analysis of a subset of patients from two phase 2, open-label, international, multicenter studies.1, 2 Among the 76 evaluable patients with CML-CP in the efficacy analysis, MCyR was reported in 14 patients (18.4%), including confirmed complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) in six patients (7.9%), with a median MCyR duration of 12.5 months.2, 3 Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in CML-CP patients were 9.6 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 6.8–11.3 months) and 40.3 months (95% CI 23.8 months–not reached), respectively.
Analytical Study of Resistance Drift Phenomena on (PANI)xMoO3 Hybrid Thin Films as Gas Sensors (2008)

Abstract Polyaniline (PANI)-intercalated MoO3 ((PANI)xMoO3), which is a conventional layered organic/MoO3 hybrid, as a gas sensor has a resistance drift problem, which should be solved in order to realize practical applicable gas sensing devices. In this analytical study, XPS studies reveal that the resistance drift is caused by adsorbing and desorbing oxygen molecules from the atmosphere. The adsorption of enough oxygen molecules by annealing in air at a higher temperature than operating temperature can reduce the resistance drift phenomena.
Diffusive contaminant transport in natural clay: a field example and implications for clay-lined waste disposal sites (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiffusive contaminant transport in natural clay: a field example and implications for clay-lined waste disposal sitesRichard L. Johnson, John A. Cherry, and James F. PankowCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1989, 23, 3, 340–349Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00180a012https://doi.org/10.1021/es00180a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views838Altmetric-Citations169LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Integrating theoreticians' and practitioners' perspectives with design rationale (1993)

QOC design rationale represents argumentation about design alternatives and assessments. It can be used to generate design spaces which capture and integrate information from design discussions and diverse kinds of theoretical analyses. Such design spaces highlight how different theoretical approaches can work together to help solve design problems. This paper describes an example of the generation of a multi-disciplinary QOC design space which shows how designers' deliberations can be augmented with design contributions from a combination of different theoretical HCI approaches.
CO J = 2 --> 1 core mapping of the star-burst galaxy M 82. (1989)

Une cartographie du noyau de la galaxie a flambee M 32 dans la transition J=2→1 du monoxyde de carbone avec l'antenne de 12 metres NRAO a Kitt Peak suggere que la structure du pic de temperature possede une morphologie bi-centrale similaire a celle trouvee a J=1→0. L'etude du rapport des resultats de J=2→1 a J=1→0 permet d'approcher la localisation de l'emission optiquement mince au nord de la zone d'activite stellaire intense
The TeV Energy Spectrum of Markarian 501 Measured with the Stereoscopic Telescope System of HEGRA during 1998 and 1999 (2001)

During 1997, the BL Lac object Mkn 501 went into an extraordinary state of high X-ray and TeV gamma-ray activity, lasting more than 6 months. In this paper we report on the TeV emission characteristics of the source in the subsequent years of 1998 and 1999 as measured with the Stereoscopic Cherenkov Telescope System of HEGRA (La Palma, Canary Islands). Our observations reveal a 1998-1999 mean emission level at 1 TeV of 1/3 of the flux of the Crab Nebula, a factor of 10 lower than during the year of 1997. A dataset of 122 observations hours with the HEGRA telescope system makes it possible to assess for the first time the Mkn 501 TeV energy spectrum for a mean flux level substantially below that of the Crab Nebula with reasonable statistical accuracy. Excluding the data of a strong flare, we find evidence that the 1998--1999 low-flux spectrum is substantially softer (by 0.44+-0.1(stat) in spectral index) than the 1997 time averaged spectrum. The 500 GeV to 10 TeV energy spectrum can well be described by a power law model with exponential cutoff: dN/dE ~ E^(-alpha) exp(-E/E0) with alpha=2.31+-0.22(stat), and E0=5.1 (-2.3+7.8)(stat) TeV. Within statistical accuracy, also a pure power law model gives an acceptable fit to the data: dN/dE ~ E^(-Gamma) with Gamma=2.76+-0.08(stat). After presenting the 1998-1999 TeV characteristics of the source we discuss the implications of the results.
CCR5-Mediated Signaling is Involved in Invasion of Glioblastoma Cells in Its Microenvironment (2020)

The chemokine CCL5/RANTES is a versatile inflammatory mediator, which interacts with the receptor CCR5, promoting cancer cell interactions within the tumor microenvironment. Glioblastoma is a highly invasive tumor, in which CCL5 expression correlates with shorter patient survival. Using immunohistochemistry, we identified CCL5 and CCR5 in a series of glioblastoma samples and cells, including glioblastoma stem cells. CCL5 and CCR5 gene expression were significantly higher in a cohort of 38 glioblastoma samples, compared to low-grade glioma and non-cancerous tissues. The in vitro invasion of patients-derived primary glioblastoma cells and glioblastoma stem cells was dependent on CCL5-induced CCR5 signaling and is strongly inhibited by the small molecule CCR5 antagonist maraviroc. Invasion of these cells, which was enhanced when co-cultured with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), was inhibited by maraviroc, suggesting that MSCs release CCR5 ligands. In support of this model, we detected CCL5 and CCR5 in MSC monocultures and glioblastoma-associated MSC in tissue sections. We also found CCR5 expressing macrophages were in close proximity to glioblastoma cells. In conclusion, autocrine and paracrine cross-talk in glioblastoma and, in particular, glioblastoma stem cells with its stromal microenvironment, involves CCR5 and CCL5, contributing to glioblastoma invasion, suggesting the CCL5/CCR5 axis as a potential therapeutic target that can be targeted with repositioned drug maraviroc.
Porous silicon for field emission display applications (2008)

Abstract We have obtained cathodoluminescence (CL) emission from porous silicon (PSi) films by excitation with electrons with kinetic energies below 2 keV. We observed two types of CL emissions, a stable one and a non‐stable one. The stable emission is characterized by a CL peak that is red shifted with respect to its photoluminescence (PL) peak. The other CL emission is the most promising in terms of its application to field emission display technology. We were able to tune this CL emission by controlling the average size of the nanoparticles. This size dependence shows that the mechanism for this type of CL emission can be associated to the quantum confinement and surface chemistry effects that are known to exist in the porous silicon system. To further prove this point we were able to correlate this CL emission with its PL counterpart. In addition, we present our preliminary results for the beginning of a proof‐of‐concept for a field emission display using carbon nanofibers as the electron emitter component and a “PSi paste” as the display component. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Ernährungsqualität und Mortilität: Studienergebnisse und deren ernährungstherapeutische Bedeutung in der Primärprävention von Erkrankungen (2000)

In den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten hat die Ernährungsforschung ihr ursprüngliches Ziel, Vorkehrungen der Nahrungszufuhr lediglich dahingehend zu treffen, Mangelerscheinungen zu verhindern, verlassen. Die neue Vorstellung zeigt, daß Nährstoffen eine wichtige Funktion in der Prävention von Krankheiten zukommt, wenn deren Zufuhrmenge über dem Mindestbedarf liegt. Es besteht kein Zweifel, daß diese Fortschritte im Verständnis der immer detaillierteren Zusammenhänge der Funktion der Nährstoffe unser Konzept einer optimalen Ernährung beeinflussen. Allerdings wäre es naiv zu glauben, daß wir schon alles von ernährungsphysiologischer Bedeutung kennen. Eine neuere Studie bestätigt eindrucksvoll die derzeit gültigen Ernährungsempfehlungen als richtig. Bei Einhaltung der empfohlenen Ernährung zeigt sich eine deutlich geringere Gesamtmortalität als in jenen Gruppen mit "schlechter Ernährung". Obwohl nun fundierte Daten vorliegen, gibt es in Österreich nach wie vor keine nationalen Ernährungsrichtlinien und somit auch keine Initiativen zur Bewußtseinsbildung und Umsetzung dieser einfachen, aber in der Primärprävention äußerst effektiven Ernährungsmaßnahmen, die sowohl ökonomisch als auch ökologisch von enormer Bedeutung wären. Die erwähnte Studie und deren Bedeutung für die Primärprävention sowie die ökonomischen und ökologischen Zusammenhänge werden dargestellt.
Software System for Automating Internal Corrosion Direct Assessment of Pipelines (2004)

Abstract Assessment of internal corrosion of pipelines is a complex task, requiring integration of substantial scientific and engineering analyses in multiple disciplines, including thermodynamics, electro-chemistry, fluid dynamics and metallurgy. The authors, over the last ten years, have developed a widely used corrosion prediction model to predict corrosion in aqueous systems. This software system has been extended to corrosion prediction and assessment in pipelines, and provides a rigorous framework to characterize corrosion of pipelines from a stand point of water phase behavior, speciation and fluid dynamic parameters en route to assessment of critical angle for water hold up, and a basis to assess severity of Internal Corrosion. The system promotes both accurate and fast evaluation of pipeline systems in a moderately hilly terrain, and provides a rigorous framework to determine the health of pipeline systems and identify critical locations for corrosion monitoring and inspection.