gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two phase brine- CO2 flow experiments in synthetic and natural media (2011)

Industrial scale injection of anthropogenic carbon dioxide into the crustal lithosphere has been proposed to reduce atmospheric accumulation. Much of this injection is expected to occur in saline reservoirs. An understanding of two-phase brine- CO2 flow is necessary for predicting storage capacity, fluid migration, and injectivity in geologic reservoirs. Additionally, the chemical reactivity of the rock matrix with CO2(l) affects the transport properties of the rock. A flow system for measuring two-phase transport of CO2 and brine is presented in this paper. The system is capable of displacing brine with either liquid or supercritical CO2. Special effort was taken to circumvent capillary end-effects in these experiments. Drainage end point relative permeability of CO2 displacing brine is found to be in the range of 0.34–0.44, much lower than what is expected for a nonwetting fluid. Such low relative permeabilities would tend to decrease injectivity while increasing displacement efficiency.
ResMem: Learn what you can and memorize the rest (2023)

The impressive generalization performance of modern neural networks is attributed in part to their ability to implicitly memorize complex training patterns. Inspired by this, we explore a novel mechanism to improve model generalization via explicit memorization. Specifically, we propose the residual-memorization (ResMem) algorithm, a new method that augments an existing prediction model (e.g. a neural network) by fitting the model's residuals with a $k$-nearest neighbor based regressor. The final prediction is then the sum of the original model and the fitted residual regressor. By construction, ResMem can explicitly memorize the training labels. Empirically, we show that ResMem consistently improves the test set generalization of the original prediction model across various standard vision and natural language processing benchmarks. Theoretically, we formulate a stylized linear regression problem and rigorously show that ResMem results in a more favorable test risk over the base predictor.
Integration of catalyst and nucleophile in oxometal aminobis(phenolate) complexes with ammonium iodide pendant arm groups (2022)

An amine bisphenol ligand with an ammonium iodide group in the pendant arm (H2L) reacts with V, Mo and U oxometal precursors to form oxovanadium(V), dioxomolybdenum(VI) and dioxouranium(VI) species, respectively. In methanol solutions, vanadium(V) and molybdenum(VI) form 1:1 complexes [VO(OMe)(L)]I·2MeOH and [MoO2(L)(H2O)]I·2MeOH, where the cationic charge in the pendant arm is counterbalanced by an iodide anion. Uranium(VI) forms a complex in which the anionic charge of uranate complex unit is compensated by the cationic pendant arm. The complex crystallises as a co-crystal containing a neutral ligand precursor, namely [UO2(L)(OAc)]·[H2L]I·4MeOH. The oxovanadium(V) complex combines a Lewis acid, i.e. a pentacoordinated metal centre with a Lewis basic iodide moiety, which makes it a suitable catalyst for the coupling of CO2 with styrene oxide. The role of the ammonium moiety of the ligand is to carry the iodide nucleophile in the reaction.
Synthesis of 9-O-Acetyl- and 4,9-Di-O-Acetyl Derivatives of the Methyl Ester of N-Acetyl-β-D-Neuraminic Acid Methylglycoside. Their Use as Models in Periodate Oxidation Studies (1975)

Article Synthesis of 9-O-Acetyl- and 4,9-Di-O-Acetyl Derivatives of the Methyl Ester of N-Acetyl-β-D-Neuraminic Acid Methylglycoside. Their Use as Models in Periodate Oxidation Studies was published on January 1, 1975 in the journal Biological Chemistry (volume 356, issue 2).
Residual Winding Stresses Due to Spatial Web Thickness Variation (2016)

At the end of roll-to-roll (R2R) manufacturing process machines, the web substrate must be wound into rolls. Winding is the only means known to store and protect vast lengths of very thin webs for subsequent processing. Web thickness variation in wound rolls is a root cause of large manufacturing loss due to residual stress-related defects. Minute thickness variations down the length and across the web width can induce large residual stress variations and defects within the roll. Winding models allow the exploration of winding residual stresses whose variation has been affected by web thickness or coating imperfections. Knowledge of these stresses is used to mitigate manufacturing defects. Spot web thickness sensors are employed in R2R process lines that scan over the web width while the web is moving downstream through the process machine. Spatially, this provides a measure of web thickness in a zig-zag pattern. During manufacturing, the thickness variation is used as a control feedback parameter to manipulate a forming or coating die lip to reduce the web or coated web thickness variation. The thickness variation acceptable in process may be very different than that which is acceptable based on the residual stresses in the wound roll. It will be determined whether the thickness test data captured spatially for process feedback are sufficient to characterize the residual stresses in the wound roll. A winding model will be developed and verified that is used to characterize these residual stresses.
Improvement of the dielectric properties of BaTiO3 powder-polymer composite using molten salt treatment (2012)

The dielectric films consisted of the barium titanate (BaTiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) powder particle and the polymer were fabricated using the sodium chloride (NaCl)-flux treatment to investigate the effect of the molten salt on the dielectric properties of the BaTiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> particles. The BaTiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> particles for the NaCl-flux treatment were prepared by calcining the mixture of the BaTiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> and the NaCl at the various temperatures. The NaCl-flux treated BaTiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> particles showed the smooth surface and high crystallinity compared to the non-treated BaTiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> particles, because the BaTiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> particles were recrystallized by NaCl-flux treatment. In addition, high dielectric performances of a 20% increase in the dielectric constant, a 40% decrease in the dielectric loss, and a 280% increase in the dielectric strength were achieved. The dielectric films of the NaCl-flux treated BaTiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> particles could induce the high dielectric performances due to the improvement of the crystallinity with highly packing density.
Origami-based self-folding of co-cultured NIH/3T3 and HepG2 cells into 3D microstructures (2018)

This paper describes an origami-inspired self-folding method to form three-dimensional (3D) microstructures of co-cultured cells. After a confluent monolayer of fibroblasts (NIH/3T3 cells) with loaded hepatocytes (HepG2 cells) was cultured onto two-dimensional (2D) microplates, degradation of the alginate sacrificial layer in the system by addition of alginate lyase triggered NIH/3T3 cells to self-fold the microplates around HepG2 cells, and then 3D cell co-culture microstructures were spontaneously formed. Using this method, we can create a large number of 3D cell co-culture microstructures swiftly with ease in the same time. We find that HepG2 cells confined in the 3D cell co-culture microstructures have an ability to enhance the secreted albumin compared to 2D system in a long culture period. The result indicates that the origami-based cell self-folding technique presented here is useful in regenerative medicine and the preclinical stage of drug development.
Implementation of a dark hole maintenance algorithm for speckle drift in a high contrast space coronagraph (2020)

Due to the limited number of photons, directly imaging planets requires long integration times. The wavefront must be stable on the same time scale which is often difficult in space due to thermal variations and vibrations. In this paper, we discuss the results of implementing a dark hole maintenance (DHM) algorithm (Pogorelyuk et. al. 2019)<sup>1</sup> on the High-contrast imager for Complex Aperture Telescopes (HiCAT) at the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI). The testbed contains a pair of deformable mirrors (DMs) and a lyot coronagraph. The algorithm uses an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and DM dithering to predict the drifting electric field in the dark hole along with Electric Field Conjugation to cancel out the drift. The DM dither introduces phase diversity which ensures the EKF converges to the correct value. The DHM algorithm maintains an initial contrast of 8.5 x 10<sup>-8</sup> for 6 hrs in the presence of the DM actuator random walk drift with a standard deviation of 1:7 x 10<sup>-3</sup> nm/s..
Linking classical and molecular optomechanics descriptions of SERS (2017)

The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of molecular species in plasmonic cavities can be described as an optomechanical process where plasmons constitute an optical cavity of reduced effective mode volume which effectively couples to the vibrations of the molecules. An optomechanical Hamiltonian can address the full quantum dynamics of the system, including the phonon population build-up, the vibrational pumping regime, and the Stokes-anti-Stokes correlations of the photons emitted. Here we describe in detail two different levels of approximation to the methodological solution of the optomechanical Hamiltonian of a generic SERS configuration, and compare the results of each model in light of recent experiments. Furthermore, a phenomenological semi-classical approach based on a rate equation of the phonon population is demonstrated to be formally equivalent to that obtained from the full quantum optomechanical approach. The evolution of the Raman signal with laser intensity (thermal, vibrational pumping and instability regimes) is accurately addressed when this phenomenological semi-classical approach is properly extended to account for the anti-Stokes process. The formal equivalence between semi-classical and molecular optomechanics descriptions allows us to describe the vibrational pumping regime of SERS through the classical cross sections which characterize a nanosystem, thus setting a roadmap to describing molecular optomechanical effects in a variety of experimental situations.
Integration of fluorographene trapping medium in MoS2-based nonvolatile memory device (2020)

Graphene and 2D analogs such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have been widely investigated for their tuneable electronic properties. There is a large spectrum of applications of such 2D analogs; for example, non-volatile memory, which is a key building block for future low-power consumer electronics. In this work, we have investigated a vertical heterostructure composed of a chemical vapour-deposited molybdenum disulphide transistor channel coupled with silicon tunnel oxide (SiO2) and hafnium oxide as a blocking barrier, with fluorographene (FGr) being used as the charge trapping medium. Owing to the larger trap density of FGr, the memory window is three times larger, and the data retention measurements at room temperature yield a 50% charge loss extrapolated to 10 years. The low barrier at the FGr/SiO2 interface induces a steeper charge loss for holes. Nevertheless, the stack can sustain at least to 550 cycles without showing any sign of degradation. Although bandgap engineering is required to improve the data retention, particularly for the holes, the combination studied here is an encouraging route for 2D-based non-volatile memories.
Effect of nonzero write field rise time in digital magnetic recording (1976)

A general method is given to predict write field rise time effects on isolated pulses in digital magnetic recording. The method is based on the use of a graph, which can be calculated once and for all, from which the position and the form of a transition, written under several conditions, can be derived. Emphasis is laid on pulse shift effects, and it is shown that the results obtained give good estimates, in spite of the approximations used.
Direct air capture of CO2 and climate stabilization: A model based assessment (2013)

This paper provides a novel assessment of the role of direct air capture of CO2 from ambient air (DAC) on the feasibility of achieving stringent climate stabilization. We use the WITCH energy-economy-climate model to investigate the long term prospects of DAC, implementing a technological specification based on recent estimates by the American Physical Society (APS 2011). Assuming global cooperation on a stringent climate policy we find that: (1) DAC is deployed only late in century, after other low carbon options, though at a very significant scale; (2) DAC has an impact on the marginal and total abatement costs (reducing them) and on the timing of mitigation (postponing it); (3) DAC also allows for a prolonged use of oil, with a positive welfare impact for energy exporting countries. Finally, we assess the role of DAC in a less than ideal climate policy by exploring its potential for engaging energy exporting countries in climate mitigation activities by means of a “clean oil” market in which oil exporters can sell oil decarbonized via DAC.
Cardiovascular Effects of Caffeine and Stress in Regular Coffee Drinkers (1987)

ABSTRACT The effects of caffeine on cardiovascular activity at rest and in response to psychological stress were studied in a group of 30 healthy males who were regular coffee drinkers to replicate caffeine‐stress interactions found previously in caffeine‐naive subjects. Measures of heart rate, blood pressure, and forearm blood flow were recorded at rest and during the performance of a stressful mental task in two separate sessions. Caffeine (250 mg) or placebo was administered double‐blind in a within‐subject design. Relative to placebo, caffeine had a pressor effect at rest which persisted during stress and recovery such that blood pressure during stress was higher if caffeine had been consumed. Caffeine also magnified the forearm blood flow and forearm vascular resistance responses to stress, suggestive of a synergistic interaction of caffeine and stress. Analysis of individual difference variables suggested that caffeine effects on the forearm vascular variables were greatest in subjects who were Type B and had a positive family history of hypertension. Results suggest that regular caffeine use does not necessarily lead to tolerance for caffeine‐stress interactions and that certain characteristics may be associated with greater sensitivity to caffeine's effects.
Tactile Relations: Material Entanglement between Sweden and its Colonies (2018)

This chapter deals with the exchange of material culture between Sweden and its colonies, focusing in particular on the colony of New Sweden (1638–55). It traces some of the Native American objects in Sweden, discusses their meaning and use in the new environment and places them in the context of collecting of exotic artefacts. An object-biographical approach underlines the complexity and relevance of things in a colonial situation. Both America and Sweden were influenced by the material culture of colonial contact; this material culture became part of a process that changed people and societies on both sides of the Atlantic. By enforcing colonial institutions in the region, the colony of New Sweden left traces in America. New Sweden, however, had an impact on those who served in the colony, who corresponded with the old country and in some cases those who came back to Sweden. The returnees brought with them things: objects that served as physical reminders of their extraordinary experience. Some of these experiences seem to have been important and formative for the continued development of these people's lives. The former governor of New Sweden, Johan Printz, for instance, kept material objects from his time in the colony throughout his life, and so too did his daughter Armegot. The pastor Johannes Campanius Holm, who served in the colony from 1643 to 1648, and who translated Luther's Catechism into Algonquin, had his grave slab in Sweden inscribed in the Native American language. One may ask if these objects and material imprints were brought to the old country out of nostalgia, or whether other sentiments too were included: it is well recorded that Johan Printz disliked living in the colony, and the same probably went for Johannes Campanius Holm. Yet Printz actually used objects he obtained from the native inhabitants in America and he kept them all of his life. Certain aspects of these entangled histories of people and things related to the New Sweden colony will be discussed in this chapter, where I will examine the context of the collection of indigenous material culture from Lenapehoking and north-east America in mid-17th-century Sweden. As a parallel to this, I will also discuss the use of material culture traded by the Swedes to the Native Americans in the region of the colony.
Characterization of homologous restriction factor (HRF20) in human skin and leucocytes (1990)

Homologous restriction factor with a molecular weight of 20 kD (HRF20) is a membrane protein that inhibits assembly of the membrane attack complex of homologous complement. Distribution of HRF20 in normal human skin was studied. The plasma membrane of keratinocytes was stained, and the intensity of the staining pattern was higher in the basal cell layer than in the granular layer. Endothelial cells of blood vessels in the dermis were also stained. The molecular weight of HRF20 on erythrocytes and epidermis is 16 kD, determined by Western blot analysis. Those of polymorphonuclear cells and lymphocytes appeared as two bands, a major band of 20 kD and a minor band of 16 kD. Susceptibility of HRF20 to phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PIPLC) was examined. After PIPLC treatment of the sections, HRF20 was not detected on the epidermis and was very slightly expressed on the blood vessels. These results indicate that HRF20 attaches to keratinocytes and blood vessels via phosphatidylinositol, regulating the formation of membrane attack complexes of homologous complement on the cell membrane.
City-wide personal signaling at Allentown-Bethlehem, Pa. (1959)

Features of Personal Signaling Service, a new development in the telephone communications field, include pocket-carried receivers and a selective signaling system. Results of a study made after 10 months of operation in the Allentown — Bethlehem area are outlined.
1-Antitrypsin deficiency {middle dot} 1: Epidemiology of 1-antitrypsin deficiency (2004)

The protein and molecular characteristics of variants of the alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) gene are described, and available data on the genetic epidemiology of AAT deficiency are presented.
Nano-scale "plasmon-soliton" (2006)

Formation of a novel hybrid-vector spatial plasmon-soliton in a Kerr slab embedded in-between metal plates is predicted and analyzed with a modified NLSE, encompassing the hybrid vector field characteristics. The soliton self-trapping in the lateral dimension is enhanced by the transverse plasmonic effect, yielding effective soliton dimensions of 100nm or less - representing the smallest reported optical soliton.
Life history of Spalangia gemina Boucek (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), a fast‐breeding microhymenopteran pupal parasitoid of muscoid flies (1991)

Laboratory studies at 25.5 degrees C and 70-75% r.h. demonstrated that the average daily survival rate for females of the parasitoid Spalangia gemina Boucek (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) was 0.907 over a 20-day period, with 50% mortality in 17.3 days. Mean immature developmental time of S.gemina was 22 days and the population growth rate was c. 40-fold per generation. The females successfully parasitized 1-, 2- and 3-day-old pupae of Musca domestica L. and parasitism of 98-100% was obtained at parasitoid to host ratios of 1:0.5-2.5. Parasitism of 81-87% was obtained at parasitoid to host ratios of 1:10. The male to female sex ratio was 1:1.59. S.gemina appears to have advantages over other Spalangia spp., which have immature development times of 28-32 days under comparable conditions, for the biological control of Muscidae.
Diagnosing multiple sclerosis with a gait measuring system, an analysis of the motor fatigue, and machine learning (2014)

GAIMS
Interaction of ionizing radiation with the topoisomerase I poison camptothecin in growing V-79 and HeLa cells. (1994)

Interaction between gamma-rays and camptothecin (CPT) was investigated in vitro, using log phase HeLa-S3 cells and Chinese hamster V-79 fibroblasts. A plateau of toxicity was rapidly reached for both cell lines upon exposure to CPT alone, consistent with S-phase specificity of CPT. With synchronized HeLa cells, however, CPT proved cytotoxic after the middle of G1 phase. This effect was abolished by cotreatment with the DNA polymerase alpha inhibitor aphidicolin. CPT enhanced the initial slope of the radiation survival curves for asynchronous cells by a factor of 1.1 (HeLa) to 2.3 (V-79). This apparent radiation sensitization correlated with the intrinsic radiosensitivities of the drug-surviving fractions within the different compartments of the cell cycle. There was no evidence of mutual potentiation of CPT and radiation in terms of survival as well as with regard to the formation and rejoining of DNA double-strand breaks. V-79 cells exhibited pronounced postirradiation recovery. In contrast, the response of HeLa cells to drug did not vary appreciably for over 8-h following radiation. This difference proceeded from differential cell cycle redistribution. In both cell lines, acute irradiation produced depletion of the G1 compartment, accumulation at the S-G2 junction, and G2 arrest in proportion to the gamma-ray dose. However, while radiation brought about rapid depletion of the S-phase compartment in V-79 cells, it induced accumulation of HeLa cells into S phase. As a result, the CPT-sensitive HeLa cell population, consisting of the early-S, mid-S, and late G1 fractions, did not vary very much after irradiation. Exposure to CPT under conditions of low dose rate irradiation (1 Gy/h) selectively reversed the radiation effect on S-phase progression in V-79 cells; i.e., it induced accumulation of cells in S phase in the same way as found with HeLa cells. Isobolic analysis of survival data consistently showed supraadditivity of cell killing in both cell lines upon concomitant exposure to CPT and low dose rate irradiation. Cytokinetic cooperation appears to be the major determinant of cell survival in treatments associating CPT and radiation in growing cells. Attempts to predict the outcome of such a combined modality thus should take into consideration the response of the growing fraction of each cell line in terms of cell cycle-regulatory processes and redistribution.
Une «Villa Médicis » à Alger (1912)

Klein Henri. Une «Villa Médicis » à Alger. In: Les Feuillets d'El-Djezaïr, volume 4, 1912. Visites et excursions des années 1910 et 1911 – Articles divers. pp. 57-62.