gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Noise cancelling of MRS signals combining model-based removal of powerline harmonics and multichannel Wiener filtering (2013)

The fidelity of magnetic resonance sounding signals is often severely degraded by noise, primarily electrical interference from powerline harmonics and short electromagnetic discharges. In many circumstances, the noise originates from multiple sources. We show that noise cancelling can be improved if the multiple origins of noise are taken into account. In particular, a method is developed where powerline harmonics are efficiently removed through a modelbased approach. Subsequently, standard multichannel Wiener filtering can be used to provide a further noise reduction. The performance of the method depends on the distribution of noise on the particular site of measurement. Simulations on synthetic signals embedded in real noise recordings show that the combined approach can improve the signal-to-noise ratio with an accompanying improvement in retrieval of model parameters.
Liver Enzymes in Children with beta-Thalassemia Major: Correlation with Iron Overload and Viral Hepatitis (2015)

Iron overload is a main leading cause of elevated liver enzymes, and presence of HCV infection is significantly related to the increased iron overload.
Compensation of Tool Deflection in Robotic-Based Milling (2012)

International audience
Cholesterol-Dependent Kinase Activity Regulates Transmitter Release from Cerebellar Synapses (2010)

Changes in membrane cholesterol content can alter protein kinase activity, however, it is not known whether kinases regulating transmitter release are sensitive to membrane cholesterol content. Here we have used the cholesterol extracting agent methyl-beta-cyclodextrin to measure the effects of acute cholesterol reduction on transmitter release from cultured cerebellar neurons. Cholesterol depletion increased the frequency of spontaneous transmitter release without altering the amplitude and time course of mEPSCs. Evoked transmitter release was decreased by cholesterol extraction and the paired pulse ratio was also decreased. Alterations in synaptic transmission were not associated with failure of action potential generation or changes in presynaptic Ca(2+) signaling. Both the increase in mEPSC frequency and the change in paired pulse ratio were blocked by the broad spectrum protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine. The increase in mEPSC frequency was also sensitive to selective inhibitors of PKC and PKA. Our results therefore demonstrate that the activity of presynaptic protein kinases that regulate spontaneous and evoked neurotransmitter release is sensitive to changes of membrane cholesterol content.
End-to-End Deep Learning Fusion of Fingerprint and Electrocardiogram Signals for Presentation Attack Detection (2020)

Although fingerprint-based systems are the commonly used biometric systems, they suffer from a critical vulnerability to a presentation attack (PA). Therefore, several approaches based on a fingerprint biometrics have been developed to increase the robustness against a PA. We propose an alternative approach based on the combination of fingerprint and electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. An ECG signal has advantageous characteristics that prevent the replication. Combining a fingerprint with an ECG signal is a potentially interesting solution to reduce the impact of PAs in biometric systems. We also propose a novel end-to-end deep learning-based fusion neural architecture between a fingerprint and an ECG signal to improve PA detection in fingerprint biometrics. Our model uses state-of-the-art EfficientNets for generating a fingerprint feature representation. For the ECG, we investigate three different architectures based on fully-connected layers (FC), a 1D-convolutional neural network (1D-CNN), and a 2D-convolutional neural network (2D-CNN). The 2D-CNN converts the ECG signals into an image and uses inverted Mobilenet-v2 layers for feature generation. We evaluated the method on a multimodal dataset, that is, a customized fusion of the LivDet 2015 fingerprint dataset and ECG data from real subjects. Experimental results reveal that this architecture yields a better average classification accuracy compared to a single fingerprint modality.
Impact of Micropolymorphism Outside the Peptide Binding Groove in the Clinically Relevant Allele HLA-C*14 on T Cell Responses in HIV-1 Infection (2022)

There is increasing evidence for the importance of human leukocyte antigen C (HLA-C)-restricted CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells in HIV-1 control, but these responses are relatively poorly investigated. The number of HLA-C-restricted HIV-1 epitopes identified is much smaller than those of HLA-A-restricted or HLA-B-restricted ones. Here, we utilized a mass spectrometry-based approach to identify HIV-1 peptides presented by HLA-C*14:03 protective and HLA-C*14:02 nonprotective alleles. We identified 25 8- to 11-mer HLA-I-bound HIV-1 peptides from HIV-1-infected HLA-C*14:02<sup>+</sup>/14:03<sup>+</sup> cells. Analysis of T cell responses to these peptides identified novel 6 T cell epitopes targeted in HIV-1-infected HLA-C*14:02<sup>+</sup>/14:03<sup>+</sup> subjects. Analyses using HLA stabilization assays demonstrated that all 6 epitope peptides exhibited higher binding to and greater cell surface stabilization of HLA-C*14:02 than HLA-C*14:03. T cell response magnitudes were typically higher in HLA-C*14:02<sup>+</sup> than HLA-C*14:03<sup>+</sup> individuals, with responses to the Pol KM9 and Nef epitopes being significantly higher. The results show that HLA-C*14:02 can elicit stronger T cell responses to HIV-1 than HLA-C*14:03 and suggest that the single amino acid difference between these HLA-C14 subtypes at position 21, outside the peptide-binding groove, indirectly influences the stability of peptide-HLA-C*14 complexes and induction/expansion of HIV-specific T cells. Taken together with a previous finding that KIR2DL2<sup>+</sup> NK cells recognized HLA-C*14:03<sup>+</sup> HIV-1-infected cells more than HLA-C*14:02<sup>+</sup> ones, the present study indicates that these HLA-C*14 subtypes differentially impact HIV-1 control by T cells and NK cells. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Some human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles are associated with good clinical outcomes in HIV-1 infection and are called protective HLA alleles. Identification of T cell epitopes restricted by protective HLA alleles can give important insight into virus-immune system interactions and inform design of immune-based prophylactic/therapeutic strategies. Although epitopes restricted by many protective HLA-A/B alleles have been identified, protective HLA-C alleles are relatively understudied. Here, we identified 6 novel T cell epitopes presented by both HLA-C*14:02 (no association with protection) and HLA-C*14:03 (protective) using a mass spectrometry-based immunopeptidome profiling approach. We found that these peptides bound to and stabilized HLA-C*14:02 better than HLA-C*14:03 and observed differences in induction/expansion of epitope-specific T cell responses in HIV-infected HLA-C*14:02<sup>+</sup> versus HLA-C*14:03<sup>+</sup> individuals. These results enhance understanding of how the microstructural difference at position 21 between these HLA-C*14 subtypes may influence cellular immune responses involved in viral control in HIV-1 infection.
A mechanical approach to overcome RF MEMS switch stiction problem (2004)

MEMS switches provide high isolation when open and low insertion loss vhen closed. They also Iuve the advantages of low powr consumption. Thcrefore, RF MEMS switches are an attractive solution to switch antenna bands and transmit/rcceive switching for future multi-band. high bandwidth cell phones. However: Stiction is a major concern for resistive sn-itchcs with metal-to-mctal contact. An iterative-coupled electrostatic-structuml analysis is utilized to evaluate the effect of design parameters on restoring force of MEMS switches. Parameters including mctal thickness, diclcctric thickness. beam-to-ground gap height: metal and dielectric width. and cantilcvcr beam length can be evaluated. The clcctrostatic force is first calculated based on the clcctrical field component. A strnctural analysis is then performed to determine the cantilever beam deflection due to the electrostatic force. A unique integrated empiricalnumerical method is used to qualitativel?- dctcrminc the stiction force bascd on measured actuation \'ohages for real dcviccs. The analysis can provide quick evaluation and screenings of proposed designs to dctcnnine if their actuation voltage falls in the acceptable range. Simulation prediction agrees ver?. well with test measurements. Although increasing cantilever thickncss and shortening cantilever length both increasc restoring force, the actuation vollage will increase significantly as a result. The most favorable moditication is to increase the clcctrode area. A short and wide smctnre with a large area can increase rcstoring force while maintaining low actuation voltage. Compared to similar bi-layer designs, sandwich designs can be actuated at fulther reduced voltages without changing the beam restoring force. In addition, the sandwich structure: being thermal-stress-balanced, is less sensitive to temperature excursion. With the properly selected design parameters, the new designs will be able to achieve the break awav restoring force of the original design at much lower actuation voltages. Switches with good electrical as well as mechanical performances have been successfully fabricated.
Fabrication and moulding of cellular materials by rapid prototyping (2004)

Many biological materials (e.g. wood, cork, bone, etc) are based on cellular designs, since cellular architectures offer the possibility to optimise the properties (stiffness, density, strength, etc) of a structure according to the environmental conditions the structure is exposed to. By using rapid prototyping, it is possible to fabricate cellular materials on a similar size scale as in natural material-structures. By using appropriate moulding techniques, these structures can be fabricated out of a wide variety of materials (polymers, ceramics, composites). In this work, several RP techniques are investigated regarding their suitability for the fabrication of cellular solids. The main focus is on using direct light projection (stereolithography) in combination with gelcasting as moulding technique. Besides using commercial light-sensitive resins, a class of newly developed water-soluble resins has been evaluated regarding its usability as sacrificial mould material.
Behavior of Inorganic Constituents During Early Diagenesis of Peats (1991)

ABSTRACT Extensive diagenetic changes occurring in peat during burial to approximately 1.5 km may result in the formation of lignite (or medium brown coal). Examination of available literature indicates very little research dealing specifically with the behavior of inorganic (non-carbon-based) compounds during this early postburial diagenesis. Because these inorganic constituents determine both the quantity and quality of ash in coals and may act as potential diagenetic agents in associated rocks, their behavior throughout the peat to lignite transformation is potentially important in several areas of study. Laboratory simulations of the early postburial diagenesis of peat offer a new approach for the study of such processes. In the present research, laboratory simulations have been used to study diagenesis of several well-characterized peats. During the experimental runs, approximately 80 g of peat were compressed and heated in a PTFE-lined reaction cell from atmospheric conditions to 2100 psi and 60°C, thus approximately simulating conditions necessary for the formation of lignite. Pressure and temperature were increased on a stepwise pattern, and prior to each increase, expelled solution from the previous interval was collected. Following completion of each experimental run, the residual solid plug was extracted from the cell intact. Extensive reorganization of organic compounds in the produced residual solids during laboratory simulations was documented by Rollins et al. (1991). In addition, extensive petrographic changes can be observed, including increases in gelatinous material, darkening of colors, and increases in reflectance. Concentrations of major inorganic constituents (Na, K, Ca, and Mg) released in solution are typically constant, or decrease, with increasing pressure and temperature for high-ash peats; whereas, minor inorganic concentrations (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Al) increase, occasionally reaching a maximum and then decreasing. With low-ash peats, concentrations generally are much lower than high-ash peats, and both major and minor inorganic concentrations typically increase throughout the experimental runs. For all peats, the ratio of major to minor inorganics decreases. The general behavior of inorganics during the diagenesis of these peats is strongly related to the composition of the original peat and to the stage of alteration. In addition, organic acids, including acetic and others, are present within the solutions. These organic acids may act as organic complexors and thus contribute to the mobilization of inorganic constituents.
Moisture Adsorption Thermodynamics of Chemically Modified Wood (1995)

The isotherms for untreated and chemically modified wood specimens were analyzed using the Hailwood-Horrobin equation. The enthalpy (ΔH), entropy (ΔS) and free energy (ΔG) changes during moisture adsorption were estimated. The ΔH, ΔS and ΔG values of untreated wood were compared with those found in literature as well as those of specimens treated with formaldehyde (formalization), acetic anhydride, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde and dimethylol dihydroxy ethyleneurea (DMDHEU). The ΔH of the untreated specimen was almost constant up to ca. 3% of moisture content differing from the results reported by others. However, the bonding energy of hydrated water molecules, which represented a large portion of the adsorbed water in the low moisture content range, should not depend on the moisture content, so that the result was undoubtedly reasonable. The decrease of the absolute ΔH for formalization and acetylation indicates the remarkable loss of the hydrated water as a result of those reactions. A peak of the absolute ΔS found at ca. 3% of moisture content except for acetylation may reflect the rearrangement of adsorption sites associated with taking up a little amount of water. In the acetylation, such rearrangement could not occur because of the introduction of bulky hydrophobic groups. Remarkable increases of both absolute ΔH and ΔS observed in glyoxal treated specimens will be due to the ester groups introduced. The ΔG values of all treated specimens became less negative than that of untreated. This indicates the formation of some bond which restricts the swelling of wood structure.
Fluoraustauschreaktionen an Metalltrifluorphosphin‐Komplexen, VIII. Synthese und Reaktionen von Nickel(0)‐Komplexen des Liganden [Bis(trimethylsilyl)amino] difluorphosphin (1974)

F-Substitutionsreaktionen an Ni(PF3)4 finden nicht mit NH(SiMe3)2, wohl aber mit seinem Natriumsalz 3 statt, wobei Ni(PF3)3{PF2N(SiMe3)2} (4) und Ni(PF3)2{PF2N(SiMe3)2}2 (5) anfallen. Die Thermolyse von 5 macht den freien Liganden PF2N(SiMe3)2 leicht zugänglich. Mit Wasser und Diphenylchlorphosphin erhält man aus 4 die Komplexe Ni(PF3)3 )(PF2NHSiMe3), Ni(PF3)3(PF2NH2) und Ni(PF3)2(PClPh2){PF2N(PPh2)2}. Die Mechanismen der NSi-Spaltungsreaktionen werden diskutiert. Fluorine Exchange Reactions in Metal Trifluorophosphine Complexes, VIII. synthesis and Reactions of Nickel(0) Complexes of the Ligand [Bis(trimethylsilyl)amino]difluorophosphine Ni(PF3)4 does not react with NH(SiMe3)2, but it does react with the sodium salt of the latter (3); the fluorine exchange reactions produce Ni(PF3)3{PF2N(SiMe3)2} (4) and Ni(PF3)2{PF2N(SiMe3)2}2 (5). The free ligand PF2N(SiMe3)2 is readily accessible by thermolysis of 5. Treatment of 4 with water or diphenylchlorophosphine leads to the formation of the nickel(0) complexes Ni(PF3)3(PF2NHSiMe3), Ni(PF3)3(PF2NH2), and Ni(PF3(PClPh2){PF2N(PPh2)2}. The mechanism of the NSi cleavage is discussed.
Hybrid Question Answering Using Heuristic Methods and Linked Data Schema (2018)

The emergence of linked data in the form of knowledge graphs in RDF has been one of the most recent evolutions of the Semantic Web. This led to the development of natural language question answering systems that automatically translates a question into SPARQL based on these RDF knowledge graphs. In particular, hybrid question answering, the task of question answering by combining both structured (RDF) and unstructured knowledge sources (text) has emerged as an important challenge. This paper tackles hybrid question answering based on natural language questions. We present HAWK_R, a question answering system that improves an open source system called HAWK. We identify its limitations and propose enhancements using heuristic-based methods based on RDF and text search. Our results show a clear improvement of the F-score.
Atrial fibrillation after conventional and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: two opposite trends in timing of atrial fibrillation occurrence? (2003)

We found no statistically significant difference in AF incidence after CABG and OPCABG. Different trends were noticed in the timing of occurrence of AF in these two groups.
Azabicyclic Alcohols. IV. Stereochemistry of the 1- and 2-Hydroxyindolizidine and Hydroxypyrrolizidine Systems1a (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAzabicyclic Alcohols. IV. Stereochemistry of the 1- and 2-Hydroxyindolizidine and Hydroxypyrrolizidine Systems1aHerbert S. Aaron, Charles P. Rader, and George E. Wicks Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 11, 3502–3507Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01349a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01349a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Delivery of therapeutics with nanoparticles: what's new in cancer immunotherapy? (2016)

The application of nanotechnology to the treatment of cancer or other diseases has been boosted during the last decades due to the possibility to precise deliver drugs where needed, enabling a decrease in the drug's side effects. Nanocarriers are particularly valuable for potentiating the simultaneous co-delivery of multiple drugs in the same particle for the treatment of heavily burdening diseases like cancer. Immunotherapy represents a new concept in the treatment of cancer and has shown outstanding results in patients treated with check-point inhibitors. Thereby, researchers are applying nanotechnology to cancer immunotherapy toward the development of nanocarriers for delivery of cancer vaccines and chemo-immunotherapies. Cancer nanovaccines can be envisioned as nanocarriers co-delivering antigens and adjuvants, molecules often presenting different physicochemical properties, in cancer therapy. A wide range of nanocarriers (e.g., polymeric, lipid-based and inorganic) allow the co-formulation of these molecules, or the delivery of chemo- and immune-therapeutics in the same system. Finally, there is a trend toward the use of biologically inspired and derived nanocarriers. In this review, we present the recent developments in the field of immunotherapy, describing the different systems proposed by categories: polymeric nanoparticles, lipid-based nanosystems, metallic and inorganic nanosystems and, finally, biologically inspired and derived nanovaccines. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1421. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1421 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
Nitril‐Nitril‐C‐C‐Kupplungen an Gruppe‐4‐Metallocenen zu 1‐Metalla‐2,5‐diazacyclopenta‐2,4‐dienen und deren Reaktionen (2013)

Die C-C-Kupplung von Arylnitrilen an Gruppe-4-Metallocene liefert ungewöhnliche 1-Metalla-2,5-diazacyclopenta-2,4-diene, deren strukturelle, energetische und chemische Eigenschaften untersucht wurden. Die Reaktionen dieser Verbindungen mit CH3CN, H2, CO2 und HCl führten in den meisten Fällen zur Freisetzung eines Nitrils und dem Einbau eines zweiten Substrats an dessen Stelle. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Isolation of Desulfomicrobium orale sp. nov. and Desulfovibrio strain NY682, oral sulfate-reducing bacteria involved in human periodontal disease. (2001)

The species of sulfate-reducing bacteria that prevail in sites affected by periodontal disease may be different from those commonly occurring in the digestive tracts of healthy individuals. Ten strains of mesophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) were isolated from subgingival plaque in periodontal lesions of ten patients with periodontitis. Characterization on the basis of morphological, physiological and phylogenetic properties demonstrated two distinct types of oral SRB. One strain was a curved rod with high motility. For dissimilatory sulfate reduction, lactate or pyruvate was oxidized incompletely to equimolar amounts of acetate. Desulfoviridin and cytochrome c3 were present in this mesophilic vibrio and the cellular lipid profile was similar to that from members of the genus Desulfovibrio. The 16S rDNA sequence was similar to that of the proposed 'Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis'. Cells of the nine other strains were straight, rod-shaped, exhibited a low growth rate and oxidized substrates incompletely to acetate. These SRB, like members of the genus Desulfomicrobium, lacked desulfoviridin. Analysis of the 16S rDNA sequences of seven of the nine isolates showed a high degree of similarity among these oral strains, forming a distinct lineage within the genus Desulfomicrobium. The cellular lipid profile of a representative oral strain, NY678T, was in accordance with that of other Desulfomicrobium species, but also showed dissimilar features. The phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses indicate that these rod-shaped SRB from the oral cavity could be regarded as a new species, for which the designation Desulfomicrobium orale sp. nov. is proposed.