gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of an N-terminal inhibitory extension as the primary mechanosensory regulator of twitchin kinase (2012)

Titin-like kinases are an important class of cytoskeletal kinases that intervene in the response of muscle to mechanical stimulation, being central to myofibril homeostasis and development. These kinases exist in autoinhibited states and, allegedly, become activated during muscle activity by the elastic unfolding of a C-terminal regulatory segment (CRD). However, this mechano-activation model remains controversial. Here we explore the structural, catalytic, and tensile properties of the multidomain kinase region of Caenorhabditis elegans twitchin (Fn(31)-Nlinker-kinase-CRD-Ig(26)) using X-ray crystallography, small angle X-ray scattering, molecular dynamics simulations, and catalytic assays. This work uncovers the existence of an inhibitory segment that flanks the kinase N-terminally (N-linker) and that acts synergistically with the canonical CRD tail to silence catalysis. The N-linker region has high mechanical lability and acts as the primary stretch-sensor in twitchin kinase, while the CRD is poorly responsive to pulling forces. This poor response suggests that the CRD is not a generic mechanosensor in this kinase family. Instead, the CRD is shown here to be permissive to catalysis and might protect the kinase active site against mechanical damage. Thus, we put forward a regulatory model where kinase inhibition results from the combined action of both N- and C-terminal tails, but only the N-terminal extension undergoes mechanical removal, thereby affording partial activation. Further, we compare invertebrate and vertebrate titin-like kinases and identify variations in the regulatory segments that suggest a mechanical speciation of these kinase classes.
Age‐Matched Dendritic Cell Subpopulations Reference Values in Childhood (2013)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells and are the key link between the innate and adaptive immune response. Only a few reports with study populations of up to 50 individuals have been published with age-based reference values for DC subpopulations in healthy children. Therefore, we aimed to establish reference ranges in a larger study population of 100 healthy children, which allowed age-matched subgroups. Most previous studies were performed using a dual-platform approach. In this study, a single-platform approach in a lyse no-wash procedure was used. DC subpopulations were defined as follows: CD45(+) CD85k(+) HLA-DR(+) CD14(-) CD16(-) CD33(+) cells as myeloid DCs (mDCs) and CD45(+) CD85k(+) HLA-DR(+) CD14(-) CD16(-) CD123(+) cells as plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs). Reference ranges were established using a semi-parametric regression of age-matched absolute and relative DC counts. We found a significant decline with increasing age in the medians of mDCs (P = 0.0003) and pDCs per μl peripheral blood (PB) (P = 0.004) and in the 50%, 90% and 95% reference ranges. We also identified significantly lower absolute cell counts of mDCs per μl PB in girls than in boys for all age groups (P = 0.0015). Due to the larger paediatric study population and single-platform approach, this study may give a more precise overview of the normal age-matched development of DC subpopulations and may provide a basis for analyzing abnormal DC counts in different illnesses or therapies such as post stem cell transplantation.
α-Amino Acid Amides. A Convenient Synthesis1 (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTα-Amino Acid Amides. A Convenient Synthesis1HERBERT E. JOHNSON and DONALD G. CROSBYCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 3, 798–802Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01050a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01050a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views658Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A genetic signature of relapse in stage II colorectal cancer derived from formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue (FFPE) tissue using a unique disease specific colorectal array (2006)

3519 Background: We have developed the first disease specific microarray for colorectal cancer using a transcriptome-based approach. This unique tool has been specially designed and optimised for analysis of gene expression profiles from formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues (FFPE). To evaluate this tool we are conducting a study in patients with Dukes B (stage II) colorectal cancer (CRC) using FFPE tissues to determine a prognostic genetic signature predicting disease recurrence. Methods: The colorectal array was developed using a high-throughput transcriptome-based approach and encodes over 52,500 transcripts expressed in normal and diseased colorectal tissue. To date, tumours from 32 patients have been selected (mean FFPE tissue block age - 10.4 years) from the stage II CRC cohort of a phase III randomized trial comparing 5-FU/Leucovorin versus no adjuvant treatment (NI240). The patients were from the observation alone arm;19 of whom were disease-free for 5 years post-randomisation, while 13 suffered relapse prior to 3 years. Results: RNA was extracted from all 32 FFPE tissue samples, amplified, labelled and hybridised to the colorectal cancer disease specific array. Raw data was normalised using scalar, median-polish and z-score strategies and scalar was selected as the best strategy in relation to predictive error. Within this data set genes selected by correlation using ANOVA performed best in both KNN and support vector machine algorithms (supervised). Using this approach a gene signature containing 48 genes demonstrated 100% accuracy in the prediction of relapse in stage II CRC (p&lt;0.001). This signature was also able to separate samples at the meta-node level using unsupervised hierarchical clustering. Conclusion: We have developed the first colorectal cancer disease specific microarray and demonstrated its use using FFPE tissues. Using this approach we have derived a gene signature that predicts for a high likelihood of early relapse in stage II CRC. [Table: see text]
Quantitation of the phase preferences of the major lipids of the Acholeplasma laidlawii B membrane (1995)

We have quantitated the phase preferences of all of the quantitatively significant lipids of fatty acid-homogeneous Acholeplasma laidlawii membranes by determining the effect of small amounts of each lipid on the lamellar/reversed hexagonal phase transition temperature of a phosphatidylethanolamine matrix of identical fatty acid composition using differential scanning calorimetry. We find that the incorporation of small amounts of these lipids produce effects ranging from a moderate depression to a marked elevation of the lamellar/reversed hexagonal phase transition temperature of the corresponding phosphatidylethanolamine. Thus, although the total membrane lipids from this organism form only lamellar phases under physiological conditions, the individual membrane lipids appear to exhibit a wide range of phase preferences. Phosphatidylglycerol and diglucosyldiacylglycerol seem to have relatively strong and weak preferences for the lamellar liquid-crystalline phase, respectively, while monoglucosyldiacylglycerol, and especially acyl polyprenyl glucoside, strongly prefers the reversed hexagonal phase. Most notable in this regard is the phase preference of glycerylphosphoryldiglucosyldiacylglycerol, which strongly destabilizes the reversed hexagonal phase and which we show in the accompanying paper [Lewis, R. N. A. H., & McElhaney, R. N. (1995) Biochemistry 34, 13818-13824] actually prefers the normal micellar phase in isolation. The presence of normal, lamellar, and reversed phase-preferring lipids in a single membrane has important implications for understanding the physical basis of lipid organization and biosynthetic regulation in this and possibly in other organisms. We also show that the characteristic effect of the individual A. laidlawii membrane lipids on the lamellar/reversed hexagonal phase transition temperature of the phosphatidylethanolamine matrix is not well correlated with their polar headgroup intrinsic volumes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
PlantN-Glycan Processing Enzymes Employ Different Targeting Mechanisms for Their Spatial Arrangement along the Secretory Pathway (2006)

The processing of N-linked oligosaccharides in the secretory pathway requires the sequential action of a number of glycosidases and glycosyltransferases. We studied the spatial distribution of several type II membrane-bound enzymes from Glycine max, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Nicotiana tabacum. Glucosidase I (GCSI) localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), alpha-1,2 mannosidase I (ManI) and N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GNTI) both targeted to the ER and Golgi, and beta-1,2 xylosyltransferase localized exclusively to Golgi stacks, corresponding to the order of expected function. ManI deletion constructs revealed that the ManI transmembrane domain (TMD) contains all necessary targeting information. Likewise, GNTI truncations showed that this could apply to other type II enzymes. A green fluorescent protein chimera with ManI TMD, lengthened by duplicating its last seven amino acids, localized exclusively to the Golgi and colocalized with a trans-Golgi marker (ST52-mRFP), suggesting roles for protein-lipid interactions in ManI targeting. However, the TMD lengths of other plant glycosylation enzymes indicate that this mechanism cannot apply to all enzymes in the pathway. In fact, removal of the first 11 amino acids of the GCSI cytoplasmic tail resulted in relocalization from the ER to the Golgi, suggesting a targeting mechanism relying on protein-protein interactions. We conclude that the localization of N-glycan processing enzymes corresponds to an assembly line in the early secretory pathway and depends on both TMD length and signals in the cytoplasmic tail.
Impact of the Doppler effect on the capacity of massive MIMO uplink systems: OFDM versus FBMC/OQAM (2017)

This paper studies the impact of the Doppler effect on the capacity of an uplink communication between one or several user(s) with mobility and a base station. The OFDM and the FBMC/OQAM modulations are investigated. Moreover, massive MIMO techniques are used at the receiver side to increase the SINR and to allow for simultaneous multiuser communications. An analytic study is carried out to highlight the impact of the Doppler effect on the achievable rate of this system and to bring out benefits and drawbacks of both modulations. On the one hand, the OFDM modulation presents a loss of spectral efficiency because of its cyclic prefix and a limited robustness against the Doppler effect. On the other hand, the FBMC/OQAM performance is restricted by its intrinsic interference due to the frequency selectivity of the channel. These two modulations are compared under different mobility scenarios and the ability of the FBMC/OQAM modulation to significantly increase the achievable rate per user compared to the OFDM modulation is highlighted, especially for high speed scenarios.
Lamb-Wellen zur Schadensdetektion in Faserverbundwerkstoffen- funktioniert das eigentlich? (2011)

„Lamb-Wellen lassen sich einfach mit piezoelektrischen Scheiben anregen und wieder empfangen, sie breiten sich großflächig aus und reagieren mit Fehlstellen, ein zeitaufwändiges Abrastern ist nicht notwendig, und für eine Lokalisierung ist ein entsprechend dichtes Netz an Sensoren und Aktuatoren erforderlich“, so kann man in vielen Literaturstellen nachlesen. Eigene Untersuchungen der Verfasser zeigten sehr komplexe Empfangssignale, die sich nur schwer auswerten lassen. Erst die Visualisierung der Wellenausbreitung sorgte für ein besseres Verständnis: nicht nur an den Fehlstellen erfolgt eine Reaktion sondern auch an allen Steifigkeitsänderungen des Bauteils, ebenso wie an den Sensoren und Aktuatoren. Im Vortrag wird anschaulich gezeigt: je mehr Sensoren und Aktuatoren (für eine bessere Auflösung) appliziert werden, desto komplexer sind die Wellenfelder und damit auch die Empfangssignale. Ein Ausweg besteht darin, nur luftgekoppelte Sensoren einzusetzen, bei denen keine zusätzlichen Modenkonversionen auftreten.&#13;\nAm Beispiel der Schadensdetektion an einem Hubschrauber-Heckausleger wird das Verfahren der Modenkonversion im Rahmen des EU-Projekts AISHA erprobt, wobei der Vortrag über erste Ergebnisse berichtet. &#13;\n
Aphid Test on Rose Plants, Ingham Co., Mi, 1993 (1994)

Abstract Rose plants (var Obsession) in 3 gal pots were used for this test in the Pesticide Research Center greenhouses at Michigan State University. The plants were 2-3 ft tall. Precounts were made on 8 Aug by counting all aphids on each plant. The plants were blocked by the precounts and treatments were applied on 10 Aug. Insecticides were sprayed to runoff with a R&amp;D CO2 sprayer with a single 8008 nozzle at 50 psi except for the Marshal/Suscon treatments which were evenly applied to the surface of the soil. The amount of AI/ plant for the Marshal/Suscon treatments was the same as was used for the Advantage treatments. Eight plants could be treated with 1 liter of finished spray. All of the treatments were replicated 6 times with 1 plant being a replicate. Post counts were made by counting all aphids on each plant on 25 Aug.
Face-mounted piezoelectric resonators (1965)

This paper presents a new approach to the problem of mounting moderate Q thickness mode piezoelectric resonators based on the impedance transforming properties of quarter-wavelength transmission lines. The resulting sandwich structure has been demonstrated in the range 2-7 Mc/s, and a computer analysis of the tolerance sensitivities of the center frequency and Q has been conducted. This type of resonator appears particularly promising as a tuner for high frequency integrated circuits. The problems which must yet be solved in order to implement these tuners in thin film form are described.
Obesity and outcomes in patients treated with chemoradiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma (2013)

Body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for comorbid illnesses and cancer development. It was hypothesized that obesity status affects disease outcomes and treatment-related toxicities in esophageal cancer patients treated with chemoradiotherapy (CRT). From March 2002 to April 2010, 405 patients with non-metastatic esophageal carcinoma at MD Anderson Cancer Center treated with either definitive or neoadjuvant CRT were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were categorized as either obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2) ) or nonobese (BMI < 25 kg/m(2) ). Progression-free survival and overall survival times were examined using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. One hundred fifteen (28.4%) patients were classified as nonobese and 290 (71.6%) as obese. Obese patients were more likely than others to have several comorbid diseases (P < 0.001), adenocarcinoma located distally (P < 0.001), and have undergone surgery (P = 0.004). Obesity was not associated with either worse operative morbidity/mortality (P > 0.05) or worse positron emission tomography tumor response (P = 0.46) on univariate analysis, nor with worse pathologic complete response (P = 0.98) on multivariate analysis. There was also no difference in overall survival, locoregional control, or metastasis-free survival between obese and nonobese patients (P = 0.86). However, higher BMI was associated with reduced risk of chemoradiation-induced high-grade esophagitis (P = 0.021), esophageal stricture (P < 0.001), and high-grade hematologic toxicity (P < 0.001). In esophageal cancer patients treated with CRT, obesity is not predictive of poorer disease outcomes or operative morbidities; instead, data suggest it may be associated with decreased risk of acute chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-related treatment toxicities.
A Novel Optimal Operational Strategy for the CCHP System Based on Two Operating Modes (2011)

The operating modes directly influence the system performance of combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) systems. To improve the comprehensive operational performance, in this paper, based on two typical operating modes, i.e., following the electric load (FEL) and following the thermal load (FTL), a novel optimal operational strategy depending on an integrated performance criterion (IPC) is proposed. Using this strategy, the whole operating space of the CCHP system can be divided into several regions by one to three border surfaces determined by energy requirements and the IPC. Then the operating point of the CCHP system is located in a corresponding operating mode region to achieve improved IPC. The IPC simultaneously considers the primary energy consumption, the operational cost and the carbon dioxide emissions. The carbon tax is also included in the operational cost. A hypothetical hotel building is modeled as the reference system to evaluate the proposed strategy. Simulation results show that, for the same CCHP system of the hypothetical hotel, the IPC with the proposed strategy is better than that with the traditional strategy. The proposed strategy can reflect and balance the influences of energy requirements, energy prices and emissions effectively.
Single-ISA Heterogeneous Multi-Core Architectures for Multithreaded Workload Performance (2004)

A single-ISA heterogeneous multi-core architecture is achip multiprocessor composed of cores of varying size, performance,and complexity. This paper demonstrates that thisarchitecture can provide significantly higher performance inthe same area than a conventional chip multiprocessor. It doesso by matching the various jobs of a diverse workload to thevarious cores. This type of architecture covers a spectrum ofworkloads particularly well, providing high single-thread performancewhen thread parallelism is low, and high throughputwhen thread parallelism is high.This paper examines two such architectures in detail,demonstrating dynamic core assignment policies that providesignificant performance gains over naive assignment, andeven outperform the best static assignment. It examines policiesfor heterogeneous architectures both with and withoutmultithreading cores. One heterogeneous architecture we examineoutperforms the comparable-area homogeneous architectureby up to 63%, and our best core assignment strategyachieves up to 31% speedup over a naive policy.
J0230404 Forearm Muscle Activation during Finger Loadings at Forearm Pronation and Supination (2015)

In the forearm, there are 19 muscles controlling finger motions. To measure the muscle activity in the forearm is essential to evaluate paralyzed muscles. In previous study, EMG-CT method was proposed to measure the muscle activity pattern in the forearm noninvasively. The aim of the current study was to investigate the muscle activity in the forearm during various finger loadings under the pronation, neutral, and supination positions of the forearm by using EMG-CT. Three healthy young males participated in the experiments. As a result, muscle activity pattern was different with the forearm positions. Activated area was rotated corresponding to the changes of muscle arrangements with the forearm positions and agreed with anatomical knowledge. Furthermore, the total muscle activity in the whole cross-section increased with the applied load in each loading condition. The study showed that the muscle activity pattern was observed corresponding to the muscle arrangement in the pronation, neutral, and supination positions by using EMG-CT.
설득 커뮤니케이션으로서의 모션 인포그래픽 디자인 가이드라인 (2014)

디지털 기술의 발전으로 일상생활에서 개인이 소비할 수 있는 정보량이 폭발적으로 증가하게 되면서, 보다 효율적이고 효과적인 정보 소통 방식에 대한 관심 및 중요성이 대두되었다. 최근 함축적이고 즉각적인 정보 소통 매체인 소셜 네트워크 서비스와 함께 복잡한 정보를 시각화하여 효과적으로 전달할 수 있는 인포그래픽에 대한 연구도 많이 진행되고 있으나, 인포그래픽의 설득적인 커뮤니케이션 수단로서의 활용성에 대한 논의는 아직 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구의 목적은 모션 인포그래픽의 설득적인 커뮤니케이션 특성 및 디자인 요소들을 연구하여 실제 작품 제작의 디자인 가이드라인을 제안하고 활용하는 데에 있다. 이를 위해 설득, 커뮤니케이션, 정보, 인포그래픽에 대한 개념을 살펴보고, 시각 커뮤니케이션에서 세가지 설득적 방식을 제시한 앤 타일러의 연구를 바탕으로 하여, 설득적 커뮤니케이션으로서의 모션 인포그래픽 제작 디자인 가이드라인 세 가지 정보의 선택과 신뢰성, 단계적 설득을 위한 스토리텔링, 시각적 효과의 활용-를 제안하였다. 각각의 디자인 가이드라인은 소년병 문제에 대한 인식과 관심 증대를 목적으로 한 실제 모션 인포그래픽 작품 제작 진행 사례에 적용하면서 상세하게 논의하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 인포그래픽 디자인 실무나 교육 분야에 가이드라인으로 활용 가능할 것으로 예상되며, 더 나아가 정책 홍보나 마케팅과 같은 다양한 분야에서 효과적인 설득적 커뮤니케이션 방식을 기획 및 제작에도 기여할 수 있을 것이다.
Bounded Adjacent Fill for Low Capture Power Scan Testing (2008)

Average and peak power dissipation can be reduced by controlling the switching activity in the scan chains during shift and capture cycles. In particular, minimum transition count or adjacent fill algorithm reduces transitions in the scan chains and has been shown to reduce average power dissipation during shift. In this paper, we show via statistical analysis of industrial circuits that contrary to conventional belief, scan-in and scan-out vectors are highly correlated for adjacent fill vectors. We also show that this correlation can be used to control the switching activity during the capture cycle. We propose a new filling algorithm called bounded adjacent fill that generates test vectors with low shift and capture switching activity and with no impact on pattern count.
A Novel Gaba Receptor on Central Neurones (1980)

The features of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as an inhibitory neurotransmitter are described, together with those of its receptor as defined by both iontophoretic and radiolabelled ligand binding techniques. Evidence is presented supporting the existence of a second GABA receptor at both peripheral nerve endings and within the CNS. At the classical receptor, GABA can produce a depolarisation of the ganglion cell body or mediate hyperpolarisation within the CNS by increasing membrane conductance to chloride ions. At this second receptor GABA acts in a bicuculline-insensitive manner to reduce neurotransmitter outflow. Many GABA analogues active at the classical receptor are inactive at the second receptor but by contrast baclofen which is inactive at the classical receptor is a potent agonist at the novel site.