gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Purification of the Lysosomal Sialic Acid Transporter (1998)

Sialic acid and glucuronic acid are monocarboxylated monosaccharides, which are normally present in sugar side chains of glycoproteins, glycolipids, and glycosaminoglycans. After degradation of these compounds in lysosomes, the free monosaccharides are released from the lysosome by a specific membrane transport system. This transport system is deficient in the human hereditary lysosomal sialic acid storage diseases (Salla disease and infantile sialic acid storage disease, OMIM 269920). The lysosomal sialic acid transporter from rat liver has now been purified to apparent homogeneity in a reconstitutively active form by a combination of hydroxyapatite, lectin, and ion exchange chromatography. A 57-kDa protein correlated with transport activity. The transporter recognized structurally different types of acidic monosaccharides, like sialic acid, glucuronic acid, and iduronic acid. Transport of glucuronic acid was inhibited by a number of aliphatic monocarboxylates (i.e. lactate, pyruvate, and valproate), substituted monocarboxylates, and several dicarboxylates. cis-Inhibition, trans-stimulation, and competitive inhibition experiments with radiolabeled glucuronic acid as well as radiolabeled L-lactate demonstrated that L-lactate is transported by the lysosomal sialic acid transporter. L-Lactate transport was proton gradient-dependent, saturable with a Km of 0.4 mM, and mediated by a single mechanism. These data show striking biochemical and structural similarities of the lysosomal sialic acid transporter with the known monocarboxylate transporters of the plasma membrane (MCT1, MCT2, MCT3, and Mev).
Long-Term Biological Consequences of Nuclear War (1983)

Subfreezing temperatures, low light levels, and high doses of ionizing and ultraviolet radiation extending for many months after a large-scale nuclear war could destroy the biological support systems of civilization, at least in the Northern Hemisphere. Productivity in natural and agricultural ecosystems could be severely restricted for a year or more. Postwar survivors would face starvation as well as freezing conditions in the dark and be exposed to near-lethal doses of radiation. If, as now seems possible, the Southern Hemisphere were affected also, global disruption of the biosphere could ensue. In any event, there would be severe consequences, even in the areas not affected directly, because of the interdependence of the world economy. In either case the extinction of a large fraction of the Earth's animals, plants, and microorganisms seems possible. The population size of Homo sapiens conceivably could be reduced to prehistoric levels or below, and extinction of the human species itself cannot be excluded.
Clinical Neurophysiology Training in a Developing Country: Institutional Resources and Profiles (2018)

Mexican CN fellows are satisfied with their choice and with the academic program. They are increasingly interested in intraoperative monitoring, which is not addressed in current Mexican CN Programs.
Applied probabilistic AI for online diagnosis of a safety-critical system based on a quality assurance program (1999)

The goal of probabilistic Artificial Intelligence (Al) in diagnosis iS IO impIWe performance Offadl isolation in dynamic systems. However; this Al method is dependent on prior probabilisric fault knowledge. We present a hybrid technique in combining reliability engineering and probabilistic Al. We develop a Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) which, given evidence from sensor observations, is able to learn and reason over time. We successfully apply the DBN in concert with reliability assessmetu to improve online diagnosis of a pneumaticmechanical device.
Direct phase reading in two-mode fiber sensors and sensor arrays (1992)

A novel signal-processing scheme is presented for two-mode fiber in-line interferometric sensors in which frequency shifters are used as directional couplers that provide mode coupling to form an interferometer and simultaneously transfer the optical phase shift to the interference signal at the beat frequency (a few kilohertz to hundreds of kilohertz). The phase shift can be read directly by using a two-channel lock-in amplifier or a time-interval counter. Several sensing regions can be cascaded in a single strand of fiber, and cross talk between them is below -34 dB.
Aspergillus fumigatus Cell Wall α-(1,3)-Glucan Stimulates Regulatory T-Cell Polarization by Inducing PD-L1 Expression on Human Dendritic Cells (2017)

PD-L1 dictates the balance between Treg and IFN-γ responses induced by α-(1,3)-glucan. Our data provide a rationale for the exploitation of immunotherapeutic approaches that target PD-1-PD-L1 to enhance protective immune responses to A. fumigatus infections.
New concepts in molecular and energy transport within carbon nanotubes and graphene: Optical sensors, resonant ion channels and thermo power waves (2015)

O laboratory has been interested in how 1D electronic material such as carbon nanotubes can be utilized to illustrate new concepts in molecular transport and energy transfer. In the first example, we predict and demonstrate the concept of thermo power waves for energy generation. Coupling an exothermic chemical reaction with a thermally conductive CNT creates a selfpropagating reactive wave driven along its length. We realize such waves in MWNT and show that they produce concomitant electrical pulses of high specific power >7 kW/kg. Such waves of high power density may find uses as unique energy sources. In the second system, we fabricate and study SWNT ion channels for the first time and show that the longest, highest aspect ratio and smallest diameter synthetic nanopore examined to date, a 500 μm SWNT demonstrates oscillations in electro-osmotic current at specific ranges of electric field that are the signatures of coherence resonance yielding self-generated rhythmic and frequency locked transport. The observed oscillations in the current occur due to a coupling between stochastic pore blocking and a diffusion limitation that develops at the pore mouth during proton transport. Lastly, our laboratory has been interested in how semiconducting single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) can be modified such that their fluorescent emission is modulated in response to specific molecules, hence creating a new class of sensor. Such sensors have important advantages including enhanced optical penetration of tissues in the near infrared, reduced auto-fluorescence, infinite resistance to photo bleaching and most recently, single molecule analyte sensitivity. This presentation will review our recent efforts in this space including new platforms for label free protein detection, nitric oxide, H2O2 and the interfacing of sensor arrays to living cells.
Structural Studies on Rat Prostatic Binding Protein (2005)

The amino acid sequence of the glycosylated component C3 of rat prostatic binding protein has been determined. The peptides obtained by digestion of the S-carboxamidomethylated or S-aminoethylated glycoprotein with trypsin and Staphylococcus aureus protease were sequenced by manual Edman degradation. The alignment of the fragments was further established with overlapping peptides obtained by enzymic hydrolysis of the modified protein with chymotrypsin and thermolysin, and by chemical cleavage with cyanogen bromide. The glycopeptide C3 contains 77 amino acids corresponding to a molecular weight of 8653. The oligosaccharide chain is attached to the peptide by an N-glycosidic bond to asparagine-17. C3 is an acidic polypeptide due to the presence of ten acidic residues; its three cysteine residues are located at both extremities and in the middle of the molecule.
Integrated analysis of gene expression and metabolic fluxes in PHA-producing Pseudomonas putida grown on glycerol (2016)

This study revealed the complex interplay of gene expression levels and metabolic fluxes under PHA- and non-PHA producing conditions using the attractive raw material glycerol as carbon substrate. This knowledge will form the basis for the development of future metabolically engineered hyper-PHA-producing strains derived from the versatile bacterium P. putida KT2440.
Physiological Information Leakage: A New Frontier in Health Information Security (2015)

Information security has become an important concern in healthcare systems, owing to the increasing prevalence of medical devices and the growing use of wearable and mobile computing platforms for health and lifestyle monitoring. The previous work in the area of health information security has largely focused on attacks on the wireless communication channel of medical devices, or on health data stored in online databases. In this paper, we pursue an entirely different angle to health information security, motivated by the insight that the human body itself is a rich source (acoustic, visual, and electromagnetic) of data. We propose a new class of information security attacks that exploit physiological information leakage, i.e., various forms of information that naturally leak from the human body, to compromise privacy. As an example, we demonstrate attacks that exploit acoustic leakage from the heart and lungs. The medical devices deployed within or on our bodies also add to natural sources of physiological information leakage, thereby increasing opportunities for attackers. Unlike previous attacks on medical devices, which target the wireless communication to/from them, we propose privacy attacks that exploit information leaked by the very operation of these devices. As an example, we demonstrate how the acoustic leakage from an insulin pump can reveal important information about its operation, such as the duration and dosage of insulin injection. Moreover, we show how an adversary can estimate blood pressure (BP) by capturing and processing the electromagnetic radiation of an ambulatory BP monitoring device.
Eμ- TCL1 mice represent a model for immunotherapeutic reversal of chronic lymphocytic leukemia-induced T-cell dysfunction (2009)

Preclinical animal models have largely ignored the immune-suppressive mechanisms that are important in human cancers. The identification and use of such models should allow better predictions of successful human responses to immunotherapy. As a model for changes induced in nonmalignant cells by cancer, we examined T-cell function in the chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) Emu-TCL1 transgenic mouse model. With development of leukemia, Emu-TCL1 transgenic mice developed functional T-cell defects and alteration of gene and protein expression closely resembling changes seen in CLL human patients. Furthermore, infusion of CLL cells into young Emu-TCL1 mice induced defects comparable to those seen in mice with developed leukemia, demonstrating a causal relationship between leukemia and the T-cell defects. Altered pathways involved genes regulating actin remodeling, and T cells exhibited dysfunctional immunological synapse formation and T-cell signaling, which was reversed by the immunomodulatory drug lenalidomide. These results further demonstrate the utility of this animal model of CLL and define a versatile model to investigate both the molecular mechanisms of cancer-induced immune suppression and immunotherapeutic repair strategies.
Performance of the burst-level ARQ error protection scheme in an indoor mobile radio environment (2002)

Burst-level ARQ, a new error protection scheme for speech transmission, is based on ARE (automatic repeat request) which is used on burst level, i.e., only the erroneous bursts are repeated. It is more flexible than a conventional error protection based on forward error correction (FEC) because the redundancy is sent only when required. Furthermore, with a limited number of retransmissions, it provides a low delay. The performance of the burst-level ARQ is studied by computer simulations in an indoor environment and compared with conventional FEC schemes using convolutional codes and interleaving. The cellular capacity of both schemes is calculated taking into account the required carrier capacity (i.e., the number of slots per TDMA frame) as web as the frequency reuse efficiency (i.e., the robustness to co-channel interference). The burst level ARQ is shown to be a good solution when low delay and high performance is required.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Antisense Transcripts Negatively Regulate Transcription of Multiple Variegated Killer Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor (KIR) Genes (2008)

Abstract Natural killer cells are CD3 negative large granular lymphocytes that lyse virally infected and malignantly transformed targets. NK cell functions are regulated by an array of inhibitory and activating receptors, including members of the killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) family. Human KIR genes are expressed in a variegated and clonally restricted manner on the surface of mature NK cells. While it is well established that individual KIR gene expression is strongly correlated with the DNA methylation status of CpG dinucleotides within the promoter region proximal to the transcriptional start site, the mechanisms that regulate variegated KIR expression are largely unknown. Our goal is to uncover the genetic mechanisms governing KIR transcriptional regulation. We have recently identified an active distal promoter element approximately 1 Kb upstream of the transcriptional start site. This region contains c-MYC binding sites, and KIR expression is increased when MYC is overexpressed in developing NK cells or when c-MYC is physiologically increased by IL-15 activation. Bi-directional promoter activity is found within the previously characterized proximal promoter of all KIR genes. Therefore, double-stranded RNA with homology to the KIR promoter can be generated within this non-coding region. The generation of double-stranded RNA has recently been shown to contribute to promoter DNA methylation of the p15 gene in mammalian cells through a Dicer-independent mechanism. Using quantitative real-time PCR, we found that purified peripheral blood CD56+/KIR3DL1− NK cells express 5-fold more KIR3DL1 antisense transcript than purified CD56+/KIR3DL1+ cells. Therefore, the transcriptional activation of the KIR3DL1 gene correlates with a significant decrease in KIR3DL1 antisense expression. To explore the possibility that KIR antisense transcripts can silence KIR expression, we over-expressed the KIR3DL1 antisense transcript in CD34+ hematopoietic precursor cells and differentiated these cells into NK cells in vitro. After 21 days in culture, we assayed KIR3DL1 mRNA levels using quantitative real-time PCR. KIR3DL1 expression was reduced 4-fold compared to eGFP control cultures, further supporting the hypothesis that antisense transcripts negatively regulate KIR expression. Importantly, expression of the KIR2DL4 gene, which does not contain a promoter with significant homology to KIR3DL1 promoter, was not affected by KIR3DL1 antisense overexpression. This provides the first evidence for gene silencing through double-stranded RNA in the immune system and may be the key mechanism for the establishment of DNA promoter methylation within the KIR locus. Understanding the mechanisms of KIR expression, a requisite for NK cell education/licensing, may allow us to understand the acquisition of effector function and manipulate it for therapeutic benefit.
A comparative study of the polarization–depolarization current measurements on different polymeric materials (2017)

Polymeric materials are becoming increasingly popular in high-voltage systems because of their superior dielectric properties over conventional oil–paper insulation systems. However, condition monitoring and insulation diagnosis of polymeric insulation is still a critical issue. In this paper, Polarization–Depolarization Current (PDC) measurements, a popular method for condition monitoring of oil–paper insulation, is applied on different polymeric materials. An experimental setup was developed in the laboratory for this purpose. It was observed that the PDC measurements are highly dependent on material properties. The effect of temperature on polarization and depolarization processes was also studied and it was found that these processes are very sensitive to temperature. However, the degree of temperature dependence was different for different materials.
EDITORIAL COMMENT (1988)

The Otologic Medical Group, Los Angeles, California Reprint requests: The Otologic Medical Group, 2122 West Third Street, Los Angeles, CA 90057
POTDR techniques for measurement of fiber birefringence properties (2002)

Polarisation sensitive optical time domain reflectometry (POTDR) plays a key role in the analysis of polarisation mode dispersion (PMD) origins, and it may be useful also for inspection and testing of fiber production processes, from drawing to cabling. Till now, all the experimental results confirm that linear birefringence is a random process, very well described by the Wai-Menyuk model.
Expanding the sense of touch outside the body (2018)

Under normal circumstances, our sense of touch is limited to our body. Recent evidence suggests, however, that our perception of touch can also be expanded to objects we are holding when certain tactile illusions are elicited by delivering vibrotactile stimuli in a particular manner. Here, we examined whether an extra-corporeal illusory sense of touch could be elicited using vibrotactile stimuli delivered via two independent handheld controllers while in virtual reality. Our results suggest that under the right conditions, one's sense of touch in space can be extended outside the body, and even into the empty space that surrounds us. Specifically, we show, in virtual reality, that one's sense of touch can be extended to a virtual stick one is holding, and also into the empty space between one's hands. These findings provide a means with which to expand the sense of touch beyond the hands in VR systems using two independent controllers, and also have important implications for our understanding of the human representation of touch.
Manganese oxide supported cobalt‐nickel catalysts for carbon monoxide hydrogenation (1985)

Abstract Performances of manganese oxide‐supported cobalt, nickel, and their combinations of varying compositions have been investigated for CO hydrogenation to lower hydrocarbons using a fixed bed microreactor at atmospheric pressure and temperatures ranging from 525 to 575 K. While Co/MnO was found to exhibit high selectivity to olefins in the C 2 –C 4 range, the total yield of hydrocarbons was low. Addition of nickel to cobalt gave a stable catalyst having improved hydrocarbon yields while still retaining good olefin selectivity. The effect of operating conditions on product distribution was studied. Lower space times and higher temperatures favored olefin selectivity. A comparison of Ni and Co catalysts on various support materials was made. MnO‐supported Co catalyst gave significantly higher olefin/paraffin ratio than that obtained using conventional supports such as SiO 2 or Al 2 O 3 . It was found that Co/MnO exhibited high water‐gas shift activity, and suppressed hydrogen uptake due to strong metal‐support interaction which favored olefin formation. This can be explained on the basis of competitive adsorption of water and hydrogen on the same surface sites resulting in low hydrogenation activity but improved olefin selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of Functional Anthraquinone Dyes from Tetrafluorophthalic Anhydride. (1986)

Abstract The dyes (III), (Va), (Vb), (IXa), (IXb) and (X), synthesized starting from the phthalic anhydride (I) (which is available as a new industrial raw material), produced large bathochromic shifts (AÄ up to more than 100 nm) compared with the corresponding parent dyes.
Social sensing and its display (2007)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2007.
The nucleotide sequence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (333) glycoprotein gB2 and analysis of predicted antigenic sites (1987)

The gene coding for glycoprotein B2 (gB2) of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) strain 333 was mapped and its nucleotide sequence determined. Open reading frame analysis deduced a polypeptide consisting of 902 amino acids and having close homology to gB1 of HSV type 1. Several predicted features of gB2 are consistent with a membrane-bound glycoprotein, i.e., a signal peptide sequence, a hydrophilic extracellular domain containing possible N-linked glycosylation sites, a hydrophobic membrane spanning sequence, and a cytoplasmic domain. Computer analysis on hydrophilicity, accessibility, and flexibility of the gB2 amino acid sequence, produced a composite surface value plot. At least nine major antigenic regions were predicted on the extracellular domain. The amino acids between residues 59-74, 127-139, 199-205, 460-476, and 580-594 exhibited the highest surface values. Comparison of the primary sequence with gB1 revealed localized regions showing amino acid diversity. Several of these locations correspond to major antigenic regions. Chou and Fasman analyses indicated that the amino acid substitutions, between positions 57-66, 461-472, and 473-481, induced changes in the secondary structure of gB. These sites could represent site-specific epitopes in the gB polypeptide.
Induction of Lymphomas and Tumor Antigen by Marek's Disease Virus in Turkeys (1981)

Pathogenic Marek's disease (MD) virus (MDV) induced a high incidence of mortality and gross and microscopic lesions in turkey poults. Inoculated turkey poults became persistently viremic with MDV, although the levels of detectable circulating MDV were generally lower in turkeys than in similarly inoculated chickens. The early lytic phase of MD characterized by lymphoid cell destruction and the appearance of viral antigen in lymphoid organ was not as prominent in turkeys as in chickens. Gross MD lesions in turkeys were most prevalent in liver and spleen; peripheral nerves were involved infrequently. MD tumors in turkeys contained cells that reacted with antiserum prepared against chicken MD-tumor-associated surface antigen (MATSA); this result indicated that MDV induced cellular transformation in turkeys and the tumor-associated antigen in chicken and turkeys cross-reacted. Several in vitro-propagating B-cell lines were developed from the turkey lymphomas. As in chickens, MD in turkeys also resulted in immunodepression. Circulating lymphocytes from turkeys that eventually died of MD or had gross tumors at the end of the experiment were deficient in mitogenic response to Concanavalin A.
Tricritical phenomena in constrained systems (1974)

When constraints are applied to a system that has an ideal second-order phase transition, a tricritical point sometimes appears. The thermodynamic properties near such a point are derived and discussed: tricritical homogeneity is demonstrated and some of the characteristic exponents are derived. Also derived are properties of the first-order transition at H=0, the shape of the wings of the tricritical point, and the critical behaviour at the edges of the wings. The tricritical point is shown to be non-classical.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND X‐RAY STRUCTURE OF BISTETRAPHENYLPHOSPHONIUM TRIS(PHENYLSULFONYLIMINO)SULFITE (1982)

Abstract Die Umsetzung der Verbindung (I) mit Natriumamid ergibt ein Gemisch der Verbindungen (II)‐(IV), von denen (II) in das Salz (V) umgewandelt wird.
Single Pulse Laser Annealing of a Double-Implanted Layer (1980)

The effects of laser annealing using a Q-switched pulse ruby laser on a double-implanted layer (P+: 15 keV, 6×1015cm-2; B+: 50 keV, 2×1014cm-2) were investigated. The total carrier profile of the thus-formed n-p-n structure after laser irradiation was found to be described by superimposing the profiles of the dopants. No suck-in or push-out effects, which occur in furnace annealing, were found in p-layers 1500 A and thicker. An estimate by numerical calculations of the carrier profile after laser irradiation is also presented.