gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy efficient opportunistic routing in wireless networks (2009)

Opportunistic routing [1, 2] was shown to improve the network throughput greatly. The core idea is to allow any node in the forwarder list, which overhears the transmission and is closer to the destination to participate in forwarding the packet. The nodes in forwarder list are prioritized and the lower priority forwarder will discard the packet if it has been forwarded by a higher priority forwarder. One open problem is how to select and prioritize forwarder list efficiently. In the paper, we investigate how to select and prioritize forwarder list to minimize energy consumptions. We study the case where the transmission power of each node is fixed (known as non-adjustable transmission model) as well as the case where each node is able to adjust its transmission power for each transmission (known as adjustable transmission model). Energy optimum algorithms to select and prioritize forwarder list in both cases are presented and analyzed. Worth to mention that, our methods do not assume any geometrical properties or energy models, they apply to practical and dynamic wireless networks. In addition, we conducted extensive simulations in TOSSIM to study the performance of the proposed routing protocol by comparing it with ExOR [1].
Figure S2 from IL15 by Continuous Intravenous Infusion to Adult Patients with Solid Tumors in a Phase I Trial Induced Dramatic NK-Cell Subset Expansion (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S2&lt;/p&gt;
A Practical One Way Hash Algorithm based on Matrix Multiplication (2011)

It is well known that Hash algorithm works in one way, and it cannot be reversed. We can build a new algorithm by using Hill cipher technique .Since its invention in 1929, Hill cipher algorithm which is one of the most famous symmetric cryptosystems .Hill cipher requires the inverse of the key matrix for decryption. This inverse not always exists, so we can use non-invertible matrices to propose a model for our new hash algorithm, and we proof the four requirements that needed to design a practical one way hash algorithm.
Amplitude and phase noise of RF photodiodes operated in compression (2005)

We present a study of amplitude and residual phase noise in RF photodetectors. At 1 GHz, the noise spectra of p-i-n photodiodes were measured and found to vary with the level of space charge induced RF compression.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Metabolic oxidation regulates embryonic stem cell differentiation. (2010)

Metabolites offer an important unexplored complementary approach to understanding the pluripotency of stem cells. Using MS-based metabolomics, we show that embryonic stem cells are characterized by abundant metabolites with highly unsaturated structures whose levels decrease upon differentiation. By monitoring the reduced and oxidized glutathione ratio as well as ascorbic acid levels, we demonstrate that the stem cell redox status is regulated during differentiation. On the basis of the oxidative biochemistry of the unsaturated metabolites, we experimentally manipulated specific pathways in embryonic stem cells while monitoring the effects on differentiation. Inhibition of the eicosanoid signaling pathway promoted pluripotency and maintained levels of unsaturated fatty acids. In contrast, downstream oxidized metabolites (for example, neuroprotectin D1) and substrates of pro-oxidative reactions (for example, acyl-carnitines), promoted neuronal and cardiac differentiation. We postulate that the highly unsaturated metabolome sustained by stem cells allows them to differentiate in response to in vivo oxidative processes such as inflammation. PMID: 20436487 Funding information This work was supported by: NEI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R24 EY017540-03 NEI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R24 EY017540
Cutting-edge designs (2000)

Chips are hotter than ever! Presented at the 11th Hot Chips Symposium in August 1999 at Stanford University were a good number of chips that can execute many billions of operations per second. These are not expensive supercomputers used only in national laboratories and large companies. They are special-purpose chips used in communication and entertainment systems that are even more affordable and pervasive than PCs.
Synthesis of Oxaphosphinane‐Based Pseudodisaccharides (2017)

The synthesis of pseudodisaccharides based on an oxaphosphinane heterocycle is described. Disaccharide mimetics 5 and 6 were readily obtained through glycosylation of a hydroxy group with appropriately protected furanosyl or pyranosyl carbohydrates using a trichloroacetamidate coupling strategy. Selective or complete deprotection then produced the chiral pseudodisaccharides in good yields.
HIV-induced production of CCL2 may promote rapid seeding of the latent HIV reservoir (2019)

Abstract Seeding of the latent HIV reservoir occurs quickly within hours to a few days after initial viral infection. It is the persistence of virus within this reservoir that thwarts an HIV cure and necessitates life-long antiretroviral therapy (ART). Central memory CD4 T cells harboring latent HIV proviruses form a major part of this reservoir. How the virus establishes latency so rapidly within this subset of CD4 T cells remains unknown. We find that HIV infection leads to rapid production of the CCL2 chemokine in human lymphoid CD4 T cells. Cas9RNP-mediated depletion of IFI16 and STING genes significantly reduces production of CCL2 occurring in response to HIV. IFI16 was previously implicated as the key sensor triggering CD4 T cell pyroptosis. Thus, infection may also stimulate a second pathway of IFI16-mediated signaling involving STING culminating in CCL2 production. CCL2 functions a potent chemoattractant for cells expressing CCR2. Lymphoid CCR2+ CD4 T cells express the CCR5 co-receptor for HIV and markers of central memory. Additionally, these cells express many markers previously associated with the latent HIV reservoir. CCR2+ CD4 T cells are highly permissive to latent and productive infection by both R5 and X4-tropic viruses. When CCR2+ CD4 T cells are purified from HIV-infected individuals on suppressive ART, these cells are enriched up to 75-fold for HIV proviral DNA compared to naïve cells (n=10, p=0.0078). Together, our findings support a model where HIV infection triggers the production of CCL2, leading to directed recruitment and infection of CCR2+ CD4 central memory T cells. Thus, HIV hijacks a component of the innate immune response to rapidly recruit precisely those target cells that ensure its long term persistence.
A 12 Gb/s standard cell based ECL 4:1 serializer with asynchronous parallel interface (2013)

This paper presents an implementation of an high speed, double data rate, fully differential ECL (Emitter Coupled Logic) serializer. For this purpose, a novel robust ECL standard cell library was developed. The design is composed using a digital design flow, described in Hardware Description Language (HDL), and transfered manually in the analog design environment. The serializer has a parallel 4-bit FIFO interface, and can either communicate synchronously or asynchronously using the 2-phase bundled-data protocol. The FIFO consists of 4 stages and is realized as a micropipeline with a Muller pipeline as backbone. The entire circuit is developed in a 0.25 μm SiGe BiCMOS process and operates nominally at 3.3V. Simulation results show a maximal data rate of 12 Gb/s while drawing a current of 96.64mA only. Finally, the design and its components are compared to other SiGe-based published implementations.
Reduction of Magnetization Current in a Variable-magnetization Internal Permanent Magnet Motor with Two U-shaped Arrangements for Electric Vehicles (2023)

We developed a variable-magnetization internal permanent magnet (VM-IPM) motor for electric vehicles (EVs). This motor can vary the magnetization of a permanent magnet (PM) to realize highly efficient operation across a wide range of speed. Optimizing the inverter capacity is crucial for maintaining quality and reliability during the mass production of traction motor systems for EVs. However, the magnetization current should be less than thrice the rated current if the magnetization state of the PM is to be varied without increasing inverter capacity. Our proposed VM-IPM motor can vary even small magnetization currents. Our results confirm that the proposed motors in which variable permanent magnets (V-PMs) and constant permanent magnets (C-PMs) are arranged inside two U-shaped cavities provide excellent operation performance over a wide range of speed and power. In addition, the proposed motors can vary the magnetization state of the PMs by applying demagnetization and remagnetization currents that are twice the rated current. The back-electromotive force of the motor can vary from 56.4% to 97.4% and from 61.2% to 93.4% in the parallel and series models, respectively, because of the varying magnetization state of the V-PMs at a magnetization current that is twice the rated current.
Flagellin triggers mesophyll dehydration: An early PTI defense against bacterial establishment in intercellular spaces (2021)

ABSTRACT Plants have evolved various mechanisms to defend themselves against pathogens. Many pathogens induce the formation of water-soaked lesions during early infection under conditions of high atmospheric humidity. These water-soaked spots are caused by the disruption of the plasma membrane or cell wall integrity due to various activities of effector proteins during infection. We hypothesized that bacterial PAMP-flagellin plays a role in modulating the cell-membrane permeability that controls the availability of water in the apoplast, to prevent bacterial establishment on the cell wall during the early stages of the PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) response. Our results revealed that the conductivity of hydraulic pathways in the leaf was reduced in response to flagellin22 (flg22). The cellular osmotic water permeability (P f ) of both mesophyll cells and bundlesheath cells was dramatically reduced in response to flg22 treatment. Moreover, the whole-leaf hydraulic conductance (K leaf ) was also reduced in response to flg22 treatment. The fact that the P f of mesophyll cells of an aquaporin (AQP) mutant was not affected by the flg22 treatment suggests the involvement of AQP channels in the flg22-induced P f reduction signal transduction pathway. We conclude that the binding of flagellin to their receptors elicits signals to close AQPs, consequently reducing the water content of the cell wall and intercellular spaces and leading to a more negative water potential. This serves as an early PTI response to pathogen attack, which, in turn, might decrease the rate of bacterial growth and establishment in the apoplast. Significance statement We report that the membrane osmotic water permeability of both leaf mesophyll and vascular bundle-sheath cells is reduced in response to treatment with flagellin22. We suggest that this mechanism for cell dehydration may serve as an apoplastic defense response, to limit the chances of bacterial pathogens becoming established on the walls of leaf mesophyll cells.
Impaired IFN-α-mediated signal in dendritic cells differentiates active from latent tuberculosis (2018)

Individuals exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) may be infected and remain for the entire life in this condition defined as latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) or develop active tuberculosis (TB). Among the multiple factors governing the outcome of the infection, dendritic cells (DCs) play a major role in dictating antibacterial immunity. However, current knowledge on the role of the diverse components of human DCs in shaping specific T-cell response during Mtb infection is limited. In this study, we performed a comparative evaluation of peripheral blood circulating DC subsets as well as of monocyte-derived Interferon-α DCs (IFN-DCs) from patients with active TB, subjects with LTBI and healthy donors (HD). The proportion of circulating myeloid BDCA3+ DCs (mDC2) and plasmacytoid CD123+ DCs (pDCs) declined significantly in active TB patients compared to HD, whereas the same subsets displayed a remarkable activation in LTBI subjects. Simultaneously, the differentiation of IFN-DCs from active TB patients resulted profoundly impaired compared to those from LTBI and HD individuals. Importantly, the altered developmental trait of IFN-DCs from active TB patients was associated with down-modulation of IFN-linked genes, marked changes in molecular signaling conveying antigen (Ag) presentation and full inability to induce Ag-specific T cell response. Thus, these data reveal an important role of IFN-α in determining the induction of Mtb-specific immunity.
Evaluation of Commercial GR-S Vulcanizates by a Creep Test (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEvaluation of Commercial GR-S Vulcanizates by a Creep TestJ. G. Lichty, R. B. Spacht, and W. S. HollingsheadCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1955, 47, 1, 165–171Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50541a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50541a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views28Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Investigating the effect of RXRa S427F mutant on RXRa tetramers (2017)

This dataset contains Molecular Dynamics simulations trajectories of the tetramer RXRa in the RXRa normal (wild-type) and three variations of the mutated RXRa S427F forms. The input and output files are in GROMACS format.
Drowning in Data: Sorting through CD ROM and Computer Databases. (1993)

Research is one of the most important tasks faced by faculty and students. It is compounded by the flood of information available on topics of interest. This paper identifies the bibliographic and numeric databases on CD ROM and computer diskette which should be most useful for investigators in communication, marketing, and communication education.
SKELETAL ANALYSIS OF CRANIOFACIAL ASYMMETRIES IN PLAGIOCEPHALY (UNILATERAL CORONAL SYNOSTOSIS) (1998)

Why do the craniofacial bones grow asymmetrically in patients with plagiocephaly (unilateral coronal synostosis)? We obtained three-dimensional skeletal replicas of two patients with the condition and analysed the deformities of the facial bones. From this analysis we deduced that the asymmetric deformation of the facial bones in these patients was caused by a combination of three rotations: rotation of the calvaria toward the affected side because of premature synostosis of the coronal and sphenofrontal sutures; rotation of the facial bones on the horizontal plane toward the unaffected side caused by anterior displacement of the TM (temporomandibular)-joint on the affected side; and downward rotation of the facial bones toward the unaffected side caused by inferior displacement of the TM-joint on the affected side.
Nordic MCL2-3 Trials : Mirna-18B Overexpression Identifies a Mantle Cell Lymphoma Subgroup with Poor Survival and Improves Mipi-B Prediction of Prognosis (2014)

Nordic MCL2-3 Trials : Mirna-18B Overexpression Identifies a Mantle Cell Lymphoma Subgroup with Poor Survival and Improves Mipi-B Prediction of Prognosis
Configuration heating for a hypersonic research airplane concept having a 70 deg swept double-delta wing (1978)

The heating on a candidate hypersonic research airplane configuration has been examined experimentally at Mach 6 by the phase-change-paint technique. The configuration has a double-delta wing with tip fins. Phase-change-paint diagrams give heating data for the model top, side, and bottom, with and without deflected elevons for an angle-of-attack range of 0 deg to 24 deg. Nominal Reynolds numbers are on the order of 15,000,000 with supplementary data at length Reynolds number of 4,000,000, which moves the model from the predominantly turbulent into the predominantly laminar regime. Also, intermediate Reynolds numbers were investigated on the lee side for one angle of attack.
System-dependence-graph-based slicing of programs with arbitrary interprocedural control flow (1999)

Many algorithms for automating software engineering tasks require program slices. To be applicable to large software systems, these slices must be computed interprocedurally. Slicing techniques based on the system dependence graph (SDG) provide one approach for computing interprocedural slices, but these techniques are defined only for programs in which called procedures necessarily return to call sites. When applied to programs that contain arbitrary interprocedural control flow, existing SDG-based slicing techniques can compute incorrect slices; this limits their applicability. This paper presents an approach to constructing SDGs, and computing slices on SDGs, that accommodates programs with arbitrary interprocedural control flow. The main benefit of our approach is that it allows the use of the SDG-based slicing technique on a wide class of practical programs to which it did not previously apply.
Characterization of adenovirus-associated virus-induced polypeptides in KB cells (1978)

Electrophoretic analysis of KB cells coinfected with adenovirus-associated virus (AAV) type 2, a defective parvovirus, and adenovirus type 5 (as helper) have revealed the synthesis in vivo of at least five AAV-specific polypeptides. The three largest polypeptides, with molecular weights of 90,700, 71,600, and 60,000 comigrated in polyacrylamide gels with the three AAV structural polypeptides. The remaining two polypeptides had molecular weights of 24,900 and 15,800. The concentrations of the AAV-induced polypeptides relative to one another remained approximately constant during the infectious cycle, and the structural components were present in proportions similar to those found in purified virions. As determined by pulse-chase experiments, all polypeptides were generated at the level of protein synthesis and not by posttranslational proteolytic processing. Although inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes failed to influence the pattern of AAV-induced polypeptides, and amino acid analog, L-canavanine, blocked the appearances of both the major structural polypeptide (60,000 daltons) and the larger nonstructural polypeptide (24,900 daltons). Taken in conjunction with pulse-chase data, this result supports a model whereby the major virion polypeptide is produced by proteolytic cleavage of the nascent polypeptide chain.
The structure of tingenone, a quinonoid triterpene related to pristimerin (1973)

Tingenone, an unusual new quinonoid triterpene related to celastrol and pristimerin, has been isolated from various plants of the Celastraceae and Hippocrateaceae families. It has been shown to be 20-decarboxy-21-oxocelastrol by chemical and spectroscopic methods.
Criteria for Selection of Surrogates Used To Study the Fate and Control of Pathogens in the Environment (2012)

This article defines the term surrogate as an organism, particle, or substance used to study the fate of a pathogen in a specific environment. Pathogenic organisms, nonpathogenic organisms, and innocuous particles have been used as surrogates for a variety of purposes, including studies on survival and transport as well as for method development and as "indicators" of certain conditions. This article develops a qualitative surrogate attribute prioritization process and allows investigators to select a surrogate by systematically detailing the experimental process and prioritizing attributes. The results are described through the use of case studies of various laboratories that have used this process. This article also discusses the history of surrogate and microbial indicator use and outlines the method by which surrogates can be used when conducting a quantitative microbial risk assessment. The ultimate goal of selecting a sufficiently representative surrogate is to improve public health through a health-based risk assessment framework. Under- or overestimating the resistance, inactivation, or movement may negatively impact risk assessments that, in turn, will impact health assessments and estimated safety levels. Reducing uncertainty in a risk assessment is one of the objectives of using surrogates and the ultimate motive for any experiment investigating potential exposure of a pathogen.
Using analysts’ earnings forecasts for country/industry‐based asset allocation (2006)

Purpose This paper seeks to investigate the usefulness of analysts’ earnings forecast revisions in the allocation of funds to different industries and countries. In particular, it asks whether a post analyst revision announcement drift in prices can be exploited to guide an asset allocation strategy based on industry, or country, selection. Design/methodology/approach The methodolgy is to use monthly consensus I/B/E/S – First Call analysts’ earnings forecasts for companies listed on the main European stock markets over the period January 1987 to December 2001. Findings It is found that a significant post revision announcement effect for individual companies. However, the abnormal returns evaporate away as the research moves from an individual company level to an industry or country level. The paper provides two kinds of evidence which seem to cast doubt on the analysts’ ability to fully incorporate industry and country specific information into their forecasts: returns are driven more by common components than earnings forecast revisions, and company specific news reflected by the revision signal dominates industry or country news. Originality/value Locates the origin of stock price momentum strategies in news about earnings reflected in analysts’ forecasts revisions.
General Tutorial Material (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Summary of Statistical Properties of Noise Orthogonal Series Representations of Noise A Simple Application to Binary Transmission Narrowband Noise and Envelope Detection Application to Binary Transmission Hilbert-transform Representation of Signals Preenvelope and Envelope of Signals; Application to Noise Low-pass Equivalents of Bandpass Signals ]]>