gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
General approach for the synthesis of ajmaline-related alkaloids. Enantiospecific total synthesis of (-)-suaveoline, (-)-raumacline, and (-)-Nb-methylraumacline (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeneral approach for the synthesis of ajmaline-related alkaloids. Enantiospecific total synthesis of (-)-suaveoline, (-)-raumacline, and (-)-Nb-methylraumaclineXiaoyong Fu and James M. CookCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 3, 661–672Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00055a019https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00055a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views977Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: NEW AROMATIC DIAMIDINES WITH CENTRAL ALPHA‐OXYALKANE OR ALPHA,OMEGA‐DIOXYALKANE CHAINS, STRUCTURE‐ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS FOR THE INHIBITION OF TRYPSIN, PANCREATIC KALLIKREIN, AND THROMBIN AND FOR THE INHIBITION OF THE OVERALL COAGULATION PROCESS (1975)

Abstract Aus Bromalkylbenzolen (Ia) entstehen nach Friedel‐Crafts die Acetylderivate (Ib), die mit Hypobromit zu Carbonsäuren (Ic) abgebaut werden.
A novel, easy and rapid method for constructing yeast two-hybrid vectors using In-Fusion technology (2018)

Yeast two-hybrid systems are powerful tools for analyzing interactions between proteins. Vector construction is an essential step in yeast two-hybrid experiments, which require bait and prey plasmids. In this study, we modified the multiple cloning site sequence of the yeast plasmid pGADT7 by site-directed mutagenesis PCR to generate the pGADT7-In vector, which resulted in an easy and rapid method for constructing yeast two-hybrid vectors using the In-Fusion cloning technique. This method has three key advantages: only one pair of primers and one round of PCR are needed to generate bait and prey plasmids for each gene, it is restriction endonuclease- and ligase-independent, and it is fast and easily performed.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF VENTRICULAR CANNULATION (2004)

The interface between the Left Ventricle (LV) and the apically-placed cannula is a critical link in the hemodynamic performance of Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs). Yet, this interface has not received much formal attention; the hemodynamics and anatomic interaction within the LV apex is virtually unknown. Due to the high likelihood of mural thrombosis and endocardial trauma - especially with turbodynamic circulatory support - we undertook a numerical study to elucidate the associated hemodynamics. The flow field is solved numerically using commercially available Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. The blood is treated as a Newtonian fluid, governed by the incompressible Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations. The cannula tip was considered to be rigid, and the ventricular walls were compliant, yet with prescribed motion. Flow features of particular interests are recirculation and the stagnation regions in crevices between the cannula tip and endocardial surface. These results are compared to previously-acquired flow-visualization results (Antaki et al.), and entail comparative evaluation of various ventricular geometries with different cannula tips. Our subsequent studies will extend these simulations to consider coupled fluid-structure interaction to thereby accurately simulate the phenomena associated with suction.
Detection of New Cross-Reacting Carcinoembryonic Antigen(s) on Cultured Tumor Cells by Mixed Hemadsorption Assay2 (1980)

Antisera highly specific for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) from New Zealand White rabbits and a goat reacted strongly in antibody binding tests with cultured tumor cell lines, irrespective of the ability of the cell lines to produce CEA. The most reactive were colon carcinoma and melanoma cell lines, the former known to produce CEA and the latter not associated with CEA production. The reactivity was not diminished by absorption with perchloric acid extracts of normal lung or spleen, whereas absoprtion with purified CEA preparations abolished the reactivity. Quantitative absorption studies indicated that reactivity against CEA-producing cell lines could be totally removed by absorption with other CEA-producing lines but not with melanoma cell lines. Reactivity against melanoma cell lines could be completely removed by colon carcinoma cells as well as by melanoma cells. Antisera raised against purified CEA, after absorption with extracts of normal lung, still contained two populations of antibodies, one that binds a newly described antigen cross-reacting with CEA which is present on melanoma cells.
Hydrogen Reduction of Hematite Ore Fines to Magnetite Ore Fines at Low Temperatures (2017)

Surplus coke oven gases (COGs) and low grade hematite ores are abundant in Shanxi, China. Our group proposes a new process that could simultaneously enrich CH 4 from COG and produce separated magnetite from low grade hematite. In this work, low-temperature hydrogen reduction of hematite ore fines was performed in a fixed-bed reactor with a stirring apparatus, and a laboratory Davis magnetic tube was used for the magnetic separation of the resulting magnetite ore fines. The properties of the raw hematite ore, reduced products, and magnetic concentrate were analyzed and characterized by a chemical analysis method, X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results indicated that, at temperatures lower than 400°C, the rate of reduction of the hematite ore fines was controlled by the interfacial reaction on the core surface. However, at temperatures higher than 450°C, the reaction was controlled by product layer diffusion. With increasing reduction temperature, the average utilization of hydrogen initially increased and tended to a constant value thereafter. The conversion of Fe 2 O 3 in the hematite ore played an important role in the total iron recovery and grade of the concentrate. The grade of the concentrate decreased, whereas the total iron recovery increased with the increasing Fe 2 O 3 conversion.
Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Human Epidermal Tumors (1974)

The activities of five enzymes were determined by fluorometric micromethods in epidermal tumors (basal and squamous cell epithelioma, keratoacanthoma and verruca seborreica) and compared to the activities in the adjoining, apparently normal epidermis. All activities were higher in the tumoral tissues.
The gray prediction search algorithm for block motion estimation (1999)

Due to the temporal and spatial correlation of the image sequence, the motion vector of a block is highly related to the motion vectors of its adjacent blocks in the same image frame. If we can obtain useful and enough information from the adjacent motion vectors, the total number of search points used to find the motion vector of the block may be reduced significantly. Using that idea, an efficient gray prediction search (GPS) algorithm for block motion estimation is proposed in this paper. Based on the gray system theory, the GPS can determine the motion vectors of image blocks quickly and correctly. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than other search algorithms, such as 3SS, CS, PHODS, 4SS, BBGDS, SES and PSA, in terms of six different measures: (1) average mean square error per pixel; (2) average peak signal-to-noise ratio; (3) average prediction errors per pixel; (4) average entropy of prediction errors; (5) average percentage of unpredictable pels per frame; and (6) average search points per block.
The Seductiveness of Poker Machines (2003)

It is difficult to explain why people are attracted to playing poker machines. Play for long periods involving reinvestment of winnings approaches certainty of monetary loss. On this basis, long periods of play would be expected to be aversive and observation of examples of prolonged play should be rare. Thus, it is a paradox that poker machines are responsible in Australia for the majority of individuals having problems caused by excessive gambling. In this paper the explanation for the attractiveness of poker machine play is sought. A series of studies are reported in which a variety of hypotheses are examined. The data provided suggest that individuals attempt to play the machines strategically despite the fact that by design, no strategy can succeed. The importance of big wins is emphasised since these lead the player to believe that losses can be recouped at any time. Furthermore, the high variance of payouts ensures that in a majority of sessions, the player is in a winning state at some point. It is suggested that the frequency of winning states is the central aspect inducing prolonged play and a high frequency of sessions.
Photoelectric Color Difference Meter* (1958)

The color difference meter has three photodetectors, each with a separate tristimulus filter, and each receiving some of the light reflected from the specimen. Signals from the photodetectors are measured by analog circuits that give rectangular coordinates for surface colors in close correspondence to their positions in uniform color space. The first model described in 1948 uses barrier-layer photocells and three tristimulus filters. Recently, a model employing vacuum phototubes and four filters has been built. Use of vacuum phototubes makes it possible to substitute a dc amplifier and pivot meter for the suspension galvanometer necessary with barrier-layer photocells. By thermostatting the phototube chamber, excellent stability is obtained. A light pipe in the viewing beam provides a more stable and efficient mixer of light to the different photodetectors than the white-lined sphere used previously.
Data Dependent Triangulations for Piecewise Linear Interpolation (1990)

Journal Article Data Dependent Triangulations for Piecewise Linear Interpolation Get access NIRA DYN, NIRA DYN School of Mathematical Sciences, Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv UniversityRamat Aviv 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar DAVID LEVIN, DAVID LEVIN School of Mathematical Sciences, Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv UniversityRamat Aviv 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar SAMUEL RIPPA SAMUEL RIPPA School of Mathematical Sciences, Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv UniversityRamat Aviv 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis, Volume 10, Issue 1, January 1990, Pages 137–154, https://doi.org/10.1093/imanum/10.1.137 Published: 01 January 1990 Article history Received: 30 May 1988 Revision received: 09 November 1988 Published: 01 January 1990
Breakthrough acquisition and technologies for subsalt imaging (2011)

ABSTRACT The recently introduced method of wide-azimuth data acquisition offers better illumination, noise attenuation, and lower frequencies to more accurately determine a velocity field for imaging. For the field data experiment to demonstrate the technologies, we used a Gulf of Mexico (GOM) wide-azimuth data set that allows us to take advantage of possible low frequencies, relatively large crossline offsets, and increased illumination. The input data was processed through true 3D azimuthal surface-related multiple elimination (SRME) with zero-phasing and debubble. Eliminating the surface-related multiples aids the velocity determination and helps uncover the subsalt sediments at the final imaging stage. After the initial velocity derivation, which was constrained to wells and geology, full-waveform inversion (FWI) was used to further update the velocity field to achieve an enhanced image. The methodology used follows the top-down approach where suprasalt sediment model is developed followed by the top of salt, salt flanks, base of salt, and finished with a limited subsalt update. To approximate the observed data by using an acoustic inversion procedure, the propagator includes effects of attenuation, anisotropy, acquisition source, and receiver depth. The geological environment is salt related, which implies that the observed data is highly elastic, even though it is input to an acoustic full waveform inversion. To use the proper constraints for the inversion, layer-stripping method is used to develop the high-resolution velocity field. The inversion stages were carefully quality controlled through gather displays to ensure the kinematics were honored. We then demonstrated the benefit of the FWI velocity field by comparing the images derived with the traditional ray-based tomographic velocity field versus the velocity field derived by FWI performing reverse time migration to produce these images. Finally, the images were compared at key well locations to evaluate the robustness of the workflow.
Real-world effectiveness of brentuximab vedotin versus physicians’ choice chemotherapy in patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma following autologous stem cell transplantation in the United Kingdom and Germany (2017)

This retrospective study compared effectiveness of (brentuximab vedotin) BV to other chemotherapies in patients with rrHL following an autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). Data originated from a medical chart review of patients treated in real-world clinical settings at 50 sites in the United Kingdom and Germany. Inverse probability of treatment weights based on propensity scores were used to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics between treatment groups. Among 312 rrHL patients included, 196 received BV and 116 received physicians' choice chemotherapy. Median PFS was significantly longer (27.0 months vs. 13.4 months; p = .0144) and 12-month OS survival greater (78.1% vs. 65.9%; p = .0129) with BV compared to chemotherapy. Documented adverse events included leukopenia (12.8%) and peripheral neuropathy (8.7%) for BV and leukopenia (12.1%), anemia (5.2%) and diarrhea (5.2%) for chemotherapy. In this real-world study, rrHL patients treated for relapse after ASCT with BV had longer median PFS and 12-month OS than patients receiving chemotherapy.
On-Demand Solution to Minimize I-Cache Leakage Energy with Maintaining Performance (2008)

This paper describes a new on-demand wake-up prediction policy for reducing leakage power. The key insight is that branch prediction can be used to selectively wake up only the needed cache line. This achieves better leakage savings than the best prior policies while avoiding the performance overheads of those policies, without needing an extra prediction structure. The proposed policy reduces leakage energy by 92.7 percent with only 0.08 percent performance overhead on average. The branch-prediction-based approach requires an extra pipeline stage for wake up, which adds to the branch misprediction penalty. Fortunately, this cost is mitigated because the extra wake-up stage is overlapped with misprediction recovery. This paper assumes the superdrowsy leakage control technique using reduced supply voltage because it is well suited to the instruction cache's criticality. However, the proposed policy can be also applied to other leakage-saving circuit techniques.
Novel permittivity gradient carbon nanotubes/cyanate ester composites with high permittivity and extremely low dielectric loss (2011)

Novel permittivity gradient (ε-G) composites based on surface treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (eMCNTs) and cyanate ester (CE) resin were successfully developed by the gravity sedimentation method. The composites consisting of original multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) and CE resin, coded as MCNT/CE, were also prepared for comparison. Each composite was cut into three slices in the direction of thickness for evaluating the difference of dielectric properties over a wide frequency range from 1 to 109 Hz between the whole composites and their slices. Results show that the surface treatment of MCNTs is necessary to form ε-G composites because the good dispersion of nanotubes in the resin matrix and the attractive interfacial adhesion between nanotubes and the matrix are key aspects for guaranteeing the gradient distribution of the concentration of nanotubes in the composites. Note that two interesting phenomena were discovered. First, the whole composites show different conductive and dielectric properties from their slices, specifically, the percolation effect does not appear in either whole eMCNT/CE or MCNT/CE composites, while it can be observed in their slices. In addition, the percolation threshold of the eMCNT/CE slice is about 25% lower than that of the MCNT/CE slice. Second, with regard to the whole composite and its slice with the same content of nanotubes, they have a similar dielectric constant, but the dielectric loss factor of the former is remarkably larger than that of the latter; these differences in properties are attributed to the different space distribution of the concentration of nanotubes between the whole composites and slices. These attractive features of eMCNT/CE composites suggest that the method proposed herein is a new approach to develop high performance ε-G composites, especially those with high dielectric constant and extremely low dielectric loss for cutting-edge industries.
A Maximum Entropy Approach to Ultra-Wideband Channel Modeling (2006)

In this paper, a unified framework for Ultra-Wideband channel (UWB channel) modeling based on the maximum entropy approach is provided. For a given set of constraints, a consistent model which takes into account the information at hand is obtained. Two cases are considered: channel power knowledge and knowledge of the covariance matrix. The channel power delay spectrum is also derived and the impact of the channel bandwidth is assessed through information theoretic considerations. The information variation slope with respect to the bandwidth is also studied, based on wideband measurements performed at Institut Eurecom <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> .
FATWA DAN REALITINYA PADA ZAMAN RASULULLAH (2001)

This article discusses the mea.ning of fatwa and its derivatives inthe Qur'iin. It also explains how fatwas during the Prophet's timewere issued.
Virtual reviewers for collaborative exploration of movie reviews (2000)

We propose a collaborative exploration system that helps users to explore recommendations from various viewpoints. Given ratings and reviews on movies from reviewers, the system provides “virtual reviewers” that represent particular viewpoints. Each virtual reviewer navigates the user by recommending and characterizing both movies and reviewers according to its viewpoint. We have developed a browsing method with virtual reviewers and visual interfaces.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Germinal center B cell and T follicular helper cell development initiates in the interfollicular zone. (2011)

We identify the interfollicular (IF) zone as the site where germinal center B cell and T follicular helper (Tfh) cell differentiation initiates.For the first two days post-immunization, antigenspecific T and B cells remained confined within the IF zone, formed long-lived interactions, and upregulated the transcriptional repressor Bcl6.T cells also acquired the Tfh cell markers CXCR5, PD-1 and GL7.Responding B and T cells migrated to the follicle interior directly from the IF zone, T cell immigration preceding B cells by one day.Notably, in the absence of cognate B cells, Tfh cells still formed and migrated to the follicle.However, without such B cells, PD-1, ICOS and GL7 were no longer expressed on follicular Bcl6 hi T cells that nevertheless persisted in the follicle.Thus, Ag-specific B cells are required for the maintenance of the PD-1 hi ICOS hi GL7 hi Tfh cell phenotype within the follicle, but not for their initial differentiation in the IF zone.
Deep Reinforcement Learning (2022)

The Science of Deep Learning emerged from courses taught by the author that have provided thousands of students with training and experience for their academic studies, and prepared them for careers in deep learning, machine learning, and artificial intelligence in top companies in industry and academia. The book begins by covering the foundations of deep learning, followed by key deep learning architectures. Subsequent parts on generative models and reinforcement learning may be used as part of a deep learning course or as part of a course on each topic. The book includes state-of-the-art topics such as Transformers, graph neural networks, variational autoencoders, and deep reinforcement learning, with a broad range of applications. The appendices provide equations for computing gradients in backpropagation and optimization, and best practices in scientific writing and reviewing. The text presents an up-to-date guide to the field built upon clear visualizations using a unified notation and equations, lowering the barrier to entry for the reader. The accompanying website provides complementary code and hundreds of exercises with solutions.
Thermally fixed holograms in linbo3 (1972)

Normally recorded phase holograms in undoped LiNbO3 can be made optically stable, i.e. fixed, by heating the crystal to roughly 100°C. A detailed study of the temperature dependence of this process, coupled with conductivity measurements, suggests a model in which the fixed holograms are associated with ionic charge patterns formed by drift of thermally activated ions in the electric field pattern of the original hologram. These ions would have an activation energy of ∼ 1.1 eV and a concentration in excess of 2 × 1013 cm-3 in fair agreement with previous measurements of ionic conductivity. The room temperature conductivity of the LiNbO3 used in our experiments is concluded to be less than 10-17 Ω cm)-1.