gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ruthenium Polypyridyl Complexes That Induce Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis in Cancer Cells (2010)

The limitations of cisplatin-based chemotherapy, including high toxicity, undesirable side effects, and drug resistance, have motivated extensive investigations into alternative metal-based cancer therapies. Ruthenium (Ru) possesses several favorable properties suited to rational anticancer drug design and biological applications. In the present study, we synthesized a series of ruthenium polypyridyl complexes containing N,N-chelating ligands, examined their anticancer activities, and elucidated the molecular mechanisms through which they caused the cancer cell death. The results demonstrated that [Ru(phen)(2)-p-MOPIP](PF(6))(2).2H(2)O (RuPOP), a complex with potent antiproliferative activity, is able to induce mitochondria-mediated and caspase-dependent apoptosis in human cancer cells. On the basis of these results, we suggest that RuPOP may be a candidate for further evaluation as a chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agent for human cancers, especially for melanoma.
Abstract 1699: Impact of whole blood interferon gamma production for patient selection in vaccination with autologous formalin-fixed tumor vaccine (2017)

Abstract Introduction: Immune checkpoint blockade by anti-CTLA-4 antibody and anti-PD-1 antibody led to clinical breakthrough for the treatment of patients with solid tumors. Moreover, recent reports have shown that neoantigens are important functional targets mediating response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Therefore, sequential combination of personalized cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint blockade has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy. However, existing drawbacks is that it is difficult to identify robust biomarkers for patient selection in vaccination with cancer vaccine. In this study, we examined whether the development of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response, measured after vaccination with autologous formalin-fixed tumor vaccine (AFTV), correlates to parameters of immune function such as whole blood cytokine levels and peripheral regulatory T cells (Treg) in patients with solid tumors. Methods: Subjects comprised 52 patients with solid malignancy. AFTV treatment consisted of 3 courses of vaccination performed at intervals of 2 weeks. DTH test was performed before and after vaccination. A positive DTH response was defined as a ≥ 10mm diameter erythema/induration. We evaluated whole blood cytokine production after phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation using the bioplex array system. We also assessed the number of peripheral Tregs as well as routine hematological and biochemical parameters. Results: DTH positive patients and DTH negative patients did not differ with respect to the number of peripheral Tregs, leukocytes, lymphocytes or granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio. Whole blood IFN-γ production levels after phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation at baseline in DTH positive patients were significantly higher than those in DTH negative patients (p=0.0397). Conclusion: These data indicate that whole blood IFN-γ production at baseline is likely to be useful to assess immunologic competence in vaccinated patients with AFTV. Consequently, clinical utility of whole blood IFN-γ production, as immunomonitoring method for patient selection in vaccination with cancer vaccine, is required to investigate in larger clinical studies in the future. Citation Format: Naoyuki Sakamoto, Takeshi Ishikawa, Tetsuya Okayama, Tomoyo Yasuda, Toshifumi Doi, Mari Tanigawa, Yuji Naito, Yoshito Itoh, Toshikazu Yoshikawa. Impact of whole blood interferon gamma production for patient selection in vaccination with autologous formalin-fixed tumor vaccine [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1699. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-1699
Patent query reduction using pseudo relevance feedback (2011)

Queries in patent prior art search are full patent applications and much longer than standard ad hoc search and web search topics. Standard information retrieval (IR) techniques are not entirely effective for patent prior art search because of ambiguous terms in these massive queries. Reducing patent queries by extracting key terms has been shown to be ineffective mainly because it is not clear what the focus of the query is. An optimal query reduction algorithm must thus seek to retain the useful terms for retrieval favouring recall of relevant patents, but remove terms which impair IR effectiveness. We propose a new query reduction technique decomposing a patent application into constituent text segments and computing the Language Modeling (LM) similarities by calculating the probability of generating each segment from the top ranked documents. We reduce a patent query by removing the least similar segments from the query, hypothesising that removal of these segments can increase the precision of retrieval, while still retaining the useful context to achieve high recall. Experiments on the patent prior art search collection CLEF-IP 2010 show that the proposed method outperforms standard pseudo-relevance feedback (PRF) and a naive method of query reduction based on removal of unit frequency terms (UFTs).
Design and Simulation of Broadband Impedance Transformer Based on Stepped Impedance Transform Line (2022)

In order to extend the frequency range and improve the measurement accuracy in wide impedance test, it is necessary to transform different resistance values to near characteristic impedance of instrument port <tex>$\mathbf(50\Omega)$</tex>, a broadband impedance transformer based on the stepped impedance transform line is proposed in this paper, which has good bandpass frequency selectivity. Then, the impedance transformer of <tex>$\mathbf{8\Omega}$</tex> to <tex>$\mathbf{50\Omega}$</tex> and <tex>$\mathbf{150\mathbf\Omega}$</tex> to <tex>$\mathbf{50\Omega}$</tex> are characterized respectively. The impedance transformer of <tex>$\mathbf{ 8\Omega}$</tex> to <tex>$\mathbf{50\Omega}$</tex> basically meets S<inf>11</inf> less than −15dB in bandwidth of 1~9GHz, and the impedance transformer of <tex>$\mathbf{150\Omega}$</tex> to <tex>$\mathbf{50\Omega}$</tex> meets <tex>$\mathbf{S}_{\text{lI}}$</tex> less than −15dB in bandwidth of 1~9GHz and 2~18GHz. Theoretically, the proposed multi section quarter impedance transformer has good bandpass frequency selectivity to the reported corresponding transformers.
What You Don't Know Can Hurt You: Missing Data and Partial Credit Model Estimates. (2016)

The authors investigated the effect of missing completely at random (MCAR) item responses on partial credit model (PCM) parameter estimates in a longitudinal study of Positive Affect. Participants were 307 adults from the older cohort of the Notre Dame Study of Health and Well-Being (Bergeman and Deboeck, 2014) who completed questionnaires including Positive Affect items for 56 days. Additional missing responses were introduced to the data, randomly replacing 20%, 50%, and 70% of the responses on each item and each day with missing values, in addition to the existing missing data. Results indicated that item locations and person trait level measures diverged from the original estimates as the level of degradation from induced missing data increased. In addition, standard errors of these estimates increased with the level of degradation. Thus, MCAR data does damage the quality and precision of PCM estimates.
Phonon-Terminated Coherent Emission from V2+ Ions in MgF2 (1967)

Infrared fluorescence and phonon-terminated stimulated emission from V2+ ions in MgF2 is reported. Fluorescence is produced in transitions from the first excited state 4T2(4F) to the ground state 4A2(4F). Stimulated emission occurs in the vibronic sideband at 1.1217 μ (8915 cm−1) and lies 1166 cm−1 from the no-phonon line. A gain curve calculated from the optical spectra predicts an oscillation frequency in reasonable agreement with the observed frequency, with a cross section for stimulated emission of 8×10−21 cm2. From the effect of excited state absorption on the gain profile it is concluded that the excited state absorption cross section at the maser frequency is &amp;lt;3×10−21 cm2.
A cross-sectional pilot study assessing dietary intake in people with multiple sclerosis and the relationships with national diet guidelines (2018)

People with the Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) modify their diet, however their knowledge of diet is unknown and dietary modifications may have long term health implications. We set out to assess the feasibility of a study to determine diet patterns compared to national nutritional guidelines in PwMS, and in those with and without fatigue. Methods: In this cross sectional study four MS support groups were attended throughout the Thames Valley area, with approximately 20 to 25 people attending each group at any one point in time. Measures of feasibility were sought. Descriptive statistics were used to determine inconsistencies in nutrient intake in PwMS with and without fatigue compared to the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition guidelines. Results: 31 PwMS provided dietary data using a Food Frequency Questionnaire, alongside the Fatigue Severity Scale, Barthel Index activities of daily living and demographic data. One third of participants were on a modified diet. Compared to the UK nutrition guidelines, several nutrients were ±1 standard deviation in PwMS, and PwMS tended to miss targets for diet guidelines. Those who were fatigued showed further differences in nutrient intake compared to those who were non-fatigued, and women tended to have healthier diets than men. Missing data was low and response rate was high Conclusion: For the first time data is provided that shows PwMS may have altered dietary intake compared to national guidelines. Furthermore, those who were fatigued show further differences compared to non-fatigued PwMS. Considering the high incidence of modified diets in this group, more substantial investigation of diet is required.
Modeling $\mathrm{CD4}^{+}$ T cells dynamics in HIV-infected patients receiving repeated cycles of exogenous Interleukin 7 (2017)

Combination antiretroviral therapy successfully controls viral replication in most HIV infected patients. This is normally followed by a reconstitution of the $\mathrm{CD4}^{+}$ T cells pool, but not for all patients. For these patients, an immunotherapy based on injections of Interleukin 7 (IL-7) has been recently proposed in the hope of obtaining long-term reconstitution of the T cells pool. Several questions arise as to the long-term efficiency of this treatment and the best protocol to apply. Mathematical and statistical models can help answer these questions. We developed a model based on a system of ordinary differential equations and a statistical model of variability and measurement. We can estimate key parameters of this model using the data from the main studies for this treatment, the INSPIRE, INSPIRE 2, and INSPIRE 3 trials. In all three studies, cycles of three injections have been administered; in the last two studies, for the first time, repeated cycles of IL-7 have been administered. Repeated measures of total $\mathrm{CD4}^{+}$ T cells count in 128 patients, as well as $\mathrm{CD4}^{+}\mbox{Ki67}^{+}$ T cells count (the number of cells expressing the proliferation marker Ki67) in some of them, were available. Our aim was to estimate the possibly different effects of successive injections in a cycle, to estimate the effect of repeated cycles and to assess different protocols. The use of dynamical models together with our complex statistical approach allow us to analyze major biological questions. We found a strong effect of IL-7 injections on the proliferation rate; however, the effect of the third injection of the cycle appears to be much weaker than the first ones. Also, despite a slightly weaker effect of repeated cycles with respect to the initial one, our simulations show the ability of this treatment of maintaining adequate $\mathrm{CD4}^{+}$ T cells count for years. We also compared different protocols, showing that cycles of two injections should be sufficient in most cases.
Targeting HSP90 and monoclonal protein trafficking modulates the unfolded protein response, chaperone regulation and apoptosis in myeloma cells (2013)

Multiple myeloma is characterized by the production of substantial quantities of monoclonal protein. We have previously demonstrated that select inhibitors of the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway (IBP) induce apoptosis of myeloma cells via inhibition of Rab geranylgeranylation, leading to disruption of monoclonal protein trafficking and induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway. Heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitors disrupt protein folding and are currently under clinical investigation in myeloma. The effects of combining IBP and HSP90 inhibitors on cell death, monoclonal protein trafficking, the UPR and chaperone regulation were investigated in monoclonal protein-producing cells. An enhanced induction of cell death was observed following treatment with IBP and HSP90 inhibitors, which occurred through both ER stress and non-ER stress pathways. The HSP90 inhibitor 17-AAG abrogated the effects of the IBP inhibitors on intracellular monoclonal protein levels and localization as well as induction of the UPR in myeloma cells. Disparate effects on chaperone expression were observed in myeloma vs amyloid light chain cells. Here we demonstrate that the novel strategy of targeting MP trafficking in concert with HSP90 enhances myeloma cell death via a complex modulation of ER stress, UPR, and cell death pathways.
Characterization of Anthocyanins and Anthocyanidins in Purple-Fleshed Sweetpotatoes by HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS/MS (2009)

Purple-fleshed sweetpotatoes (PFSP) can be a healthy food choice for consumers and a potential source for natural food colorants. This study aimed to identify anthocyanins and anthocyanidins in PFSP, and to evaluate the effect of thermal processing on these polyphenolic compounds. Freeze-dried powder of raw and steamed samples of three PFSP varieties were extracted with acidified methanol using a Dionex ASE 200 accelerated solvent extractor. Seventeen anthocyanins were identified by HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS/MS for Stokes Purple and NC 415 varieties with five major compounds: cyanidin 3-caffeoylsophoroside-5-glucoside, peonidin 3-caffeoylsophoroside-5-glucoside, cyanidin 3-caffeoyl-p-hydroxybenzoylsophoroside-5-glucoside, peonidin 3-caffeoyl-p-hydroxybenzoyl-sophoroside-5-glucoside, and peonidin-caffeoyl-feruloylsophoroside-5-glucoside. Okinawa variety showed 12 pigments with 3 major peaks identified as cyanidin 3-caffeoylsophoroside-5-glucoside, cyanidin 3-(6'',6'''-dicaffeoylsophoroside)-5-glucoside and cyanidin 3-(6''-caffeoyl-6'''-feruloylsophoroside)-5-glucoside. Steam cooking had no significant effect on total anthocyanin content or the anthocyanin pigments. Cyanidin and peonidin, which were the major anthocyanidins in the acid hydrolyzed extracts, were well separated and quantified by HPLC with external standards. Cyanidin and peonidin, which contribute to the blue and red hues of PFSP, can be simply quantified by HPLC after acid hydrolysis of the anthocyanins.
Investigations into the biotechnological applications of dielectrophoresis. (1990)

Available from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:DX93857 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply Centre
Two-Point Correlations of the Near and Far-Field Pressure in a Transonic Jet (2006)

To better understand the relationship between the near-field pressure and the acoustic far-field, multi-point measurements of the near-field pressure around the periphery of a cold Mach 0.85 round jet are compared to simultaneous multi-point far-field acoustic pressure measurements. The results indicate that the near-field pressure is low dimensional and the instantaneous contribution from both azimuthal mode 0 and 1 is sufficient to accurately recover the dynamics of the near-field pressure. Correlations of the acoustic far-field with the contribution of each azimuthal mode to the near field pressure, however, indicate that only azimuthal mode 0 is well correlated with the far-field pressure, suggesting that the acoustic source in the jet is predominantly axisymmetric. The correlation of the higher azimuthal pressure modes with the far-field acoustic pressure is extremely poor suggesting that the axisymmetric source is weakened by the presence of higher azimuthal modes in the near field of the jet.
The New Chicago School: Myth or Reality? (1998)

On Friday, November 21, 1997, Roundtable hosted an event as part of its Interdisciplinary Program Series entitled, "The New Chicago School: Myth or Reality?" The panel discussion had as its origin an article by Jeffrey Rosen which appeared in The New Yorker's late October special double issue, called "The Next Issue." In his article, Rosen, talking, among other things, about new kinds of crime control and prevention strategies, quoted former University of Chicago Law School professor and current Harvard Law School professor Larry Lessig. "'My aim,' Lessig announced, 'is to outline a research program for what I will playfully refer to as the New Chicago School.' This new program, he promised, would study the ways that law can influence behavior indirectly, by changing social norms." Roundtable invited Lisa E. Bernstein, then a law professor at Georgetown University and now a professor at The Law School; Dan M. Kahan, a professor at The Law School; Tracey L. Meares, an assistant professor at The Law School; Randal C. Picker, a professor at The Law School; and Eric Posner, then a law professor at the University of Pennsylvania and now a professor at The Law School, to participate in a panel discussion in which each talked about his or her work in social norms and then commented briefly on the socalled New Chicago School. Richard A. Epstein, James Parker Hall Distinguished Service Professor of Law at The Law School, was asked to moderate and to comment. What follows is a transcript of the event.
Disentangling Categorization in Multi-agent Emergent Communication (2022)

The emergence of language between artificial agents is a recent focus of computational linguistics, as it offers a synthetic substrate for reasoning about human language evolution. From the perspective of cognitive science, sophisticated categorization in humans is thought to enable reasoning about novel observations, and thus compose old information to describe new phenomena. Unfortunately, the literature to date has not managed to isolate the effect of categorization power in artificial agents on their inter-communication ability, particularly on novel, unseen objects. In this work, we propose the use of disentangled representations from representation learning to quantify the categorization power of agents, enabling a differential analysis between combinations of heterogeneous systems, e.g., pairs of agents which learn to communicate despite mismatched concept realization. Through this approach, we observe that agent heterogeneity can cut signaling accuracy by up to 40%, despite encouraging compositionality in the artificial language. We conclude that the reasoning process of agents plays a key role in their communication, with unexpected benefits arising from their mixing, such as better language compositionality.
Genomic Aberrations in an African American Colorectal Cancer Cohort Reveals a MSI-Specific Profile and Chromosome X Amplification in Male Patients (2012)

Chromosome X amplification in male patients with CRC merits follow-up. The observed CIN may play a distinctive role in CRC in AAs. The clustering of MSI-H tumors in global CGH data analysis suggests that chromosomal aberrations are not random.
Rescued Tolerant CD8 T Cells Are Preprogrammed to Reestablish the Tolerant State (2012)

Tolerant self-antigen-specific CD8 T cells fail to proliferate in response to antigen, thereby preventing autoimmune disease. By using an in vivo mouse model, we show that tolerant T cells proliferate and become functional under lymphopenic conditions, even in a tolerogenic environment. However, T cell rescue is only transient, with tolerance reimposed upon lymphorepletion even in the absence of tolerogen (self-antigen), challenging the prevailing paradigm that continuous antigen exposure is critical to maintain tolerance. Genome-wide messenger RNA and microRNA profiling revealed that tolerant T cells have a tolerance-specific gene profile that can be temporarily overridden under lymphopenic conditions but is inevitably reimposed, which suggests epigenetic regulation. These insights into the regulatory mechanisms that maintain or break self-tolerance may lead to new strategies for the treatment of cancer and autoimmunity.
0414 Chronotype and Sleep Among Ovarian Cancer Survivors Participating in a Lifestyle Intervention (2020)

Abstract Introduction Chronotype is defined as an individual’s propensity to sleep at a specific time in a 24-hour cycle with late chronotype associated with poorer health outcomes including cancer. The role of chronotype on lifestyle behaviors remains relatively undefined in ovarian cancer. The Lifestyle Intervention for oVarian cancer Enhanced Survival study is testing whether 1205 women randomized to a diet and physical activity intervention for 24-months will have longer progression-free survival versus attention control. Here we determine the frequency and predictors of late versus early and mid chronotypes in disease-free ovarian cancer survivors. Methods 894 ovarian cancer survivors with baseline measures were included in analyses. Chronotypes were determined using self-reported time to bed (early- &amp;lt; 9 pm; mid- ≥ 9 pm - ≤12 am; late- &amp;gt;12 am) captured through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Demographic, diet and physical activity data were captured with validated questionnaires and BMI measured in clinic. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression, adjusted for smoking status and race, were performed. Results 12.4% of women were late chronotype with significant differences between chronotypes observed for race, smoking history, sleep duration, and physical activity (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Late chronotype reported fewer hours of sleep per night (6.54 ± 1.51hrs) compared to mid (7.10± 1.31hrs) and early (7.74 ± 1.30hrs) chronotype. Blacks had higher odds of being late chronotype, OR 4.28 (95% CI 2.16-8.46). Late chronotype were more likely to report a history of smoking and lower recreational activity and had a higher mean BMI of 29.1± 6.0 kg/m2 compared to mid and early chronotype 27.8± 6.2 kg/m2 and 27.4± 5.4kg/m2, respectively. No significant differences were observed for sleep or diet quality, age, education or employment status. Conclusion Results of this analysis are consistent with other community-based population studies with regard to chronotype and race. Ovarian cancer is aggressive and late chronotype are more likely to have other risk factors that elevate risk of recurrence (obesity, tobacco use and inactivity. Six-month data are being analyzed by treatment arm and will provide important insights as to the role of sleep phase and lifestyle behaviors in this vulnerable population. Support NCT00719303; NCI R01CA186700-01A1
An Azulene-Based Chiral Helicene and Its Air-Stable Cation Radical (2019)

Abstract A helicene compound called AIBTh, wherein two azulene units are fused with isobenzothiophene, has been prepared and characterized by spectroscopic and crystallographic methods. The enantiomers of AIBTh were resolved by HPLC, exhibiting stable optical activity. AIBTh showed two reversible oxidation and one irreversible reduction waves with a HOMO-LUMO gap of 2.07 eV. Upon one-electron oxidation of AIBTh, its air-stable cation radical was isolated and analyzed by EPR as well as X-ray crystallography. Based on the EPR spectrum, the crystal structure, and DFT calculation, it is suggested that favorable resonance structures including aromatic tropylium cation forms and wide delocalization of electronic spin are dominating in the electronic structure of the cation radical.