gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flight research on natural laminar flow nacelles - A progress report (1986)

This paper presents a progress report on an ongoing flight experiment for natural laminar flow nacelles. The results given herein were obtained during the first phase of the experiment, in which an instrumented natural laminar flow nacelle fairing was flight tested in the presence of turbofan engine noise and a controlled noise source. The results indicate that with the controlled noise source off, natural laminar flow was measured as far aft as 37 percent of the fairing length. The transition front was irregular in contour, and the extent of natural laminar flow was significantly affected by the relative flow angle for the fairing. In addition to these test results, the paper discusses the results of some recent computational analyses to predict pressure distributions and transition location, and to explain some of the data trends. Comparisons between measured and predicted data indicate that the analytical methods successfully predicted trends for the baseline (no controlled noise source) studies.
A Novel Antimatter Detector with Application to Dark Matter Searches (2006)

We report on recent accelerator testing of a prototype general antiparticle spectrometer (GAPS). GAPS uses a novel approach for indirect dark matter searches that exploits the antideuterons produced in neutralino-neutralino annihilations. GAPS captures these antideuterons into a target with the subsequent formation of exotic atoms. These exotic atoms decay with the emission of x-rays of precisely defined energy and a correlated pion signature from nuclear annihilation. This signature uniquely characterizes the antideuterons. Preliminary analysis of data from a prototype GAPS in an antiproton beam at the KEK accelerator in Japan has confirmed the multiple x-ray/pion star topology and indicated x-ray yields consistent with prior expectations. Moreover, our success in utilizing solid rather than gas targets represents a significant simplification over our original approach and offers potential gains in sensitivity through reduced dead mass in the target area.
LTX-315-enabled, radiotherapy-boosted immunotherapeutic control of breast cancer by NK cells (2021)

LTX-315 is a nonameric oncolytic peptide in early clinical development for the treatment of solid malignancies. Preclinical and clinical evidence indicates that the anticancer properties of LTX-315 originate not only from its ability to selectively kill cancer cells, but also from its capacity to promote tumor-targeting immune responses. Here, we investigated the therapeutic activity and immunological correlates of intratumoral LTX-315 administration in three syngeneic mouse models of breast carcinoma, with a focus on the identification of possible combinatorial partners. We found that breast cancer control by LTX-315 is accompanied by a reconfiguration of the immunological tumor microenvironment that supports the activation of anticancer immunity and can be boosted by radiation therapy. Mechanistically, depletion of natural killer (NK) cells compromised the capacity of LTX-315 to limit local and systemic disease progression in a mouse model of triple-negative breast cancer, and to extend the survival of mice bearing hormone-accelerated, carcinogen-driven endogenous mammary carcinomas. Altogether, our data suggest that LTX-315 controls breast cancer progression by engaging NK cell-dependent immunity.
Single phase harmonic analysis of spacecraft power systems using a personal computer (2003)

The authors discuss the nonsinusoidal currents induced in the spacecraft power system by nonlinear devices and loads. These currents are written in terms of a fundamental and harmonic components using standard Fourier analysis. The harmonic components, along with the corresponding voltages, are predicted by a harmonic power flow that uses the Newton-Raphson numerical algorithm. The algorithm uses the harmonic current components to solve for the voltage levels throughout the system by means of an iterative technique that decouples and solves for each harmonic individually.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The ‘endo-blue method’ for direct cloning of restriction endonuclease genes inE.coli (1994)

A new E. coli strain has been constructed that contains the dinD1::LacZ+ fusion and is deficient in methylation-dependent restriction systems (McrA-, McrBC-, Mrr-). This strain has been used to clone restriction endonuclease genes directly into E. coli. When E. coli cells are not fully protected by the cognate methylase, the restriction enzyme damages the DNA in vivo and induces the SOS response. The SOS-induced cells form blue colonies on indicator plates containing X-gal. Using this method the genes coding for the thermostable restriction enzymes Taql (5'TCGA3') and Tth111l (5'GACNNNGTC3') have been successfully cloned in E. coli. The new strain will be useful to clone other genes involved in DNA metabolism.
Area and performance co-optimization for domain wall memory in application-specific embedded systems (2015)

Domain Wall Memory (DWM), a recently developed spin-based non-volatile memory technology, inherently offers unprecedented benefits in density by storing multiple bits in the domains of a ferromagnetic nanowire, which logically resembles a bit-serial tape. However, this structure also leads to a unique challenge that the bits must be sequentially accessed by performing \shift" operations, resulting in variable and potential higher access latencies. In this paper, we propose a hardware and software co-optimize approach to improve area efficiency and performance for DWM in application-specific embedded systems. For an application-specific embedded system, this technique can obtain a DWM which consists of both micro-cell DWM and macro-cell DWM with minimal area size. Meanwhile, instruction schedule and data allocation with minimal memory access overhead are generated. Experimental results show that the proposed method can minimize the DWM area size while satisfying a system performance constraint.
On the Use of the Parabolic Concentration Profile Assumption for a Rotary Desiccant Dehumidifier (1995)

The current work describes a model for a desiccant dehumidifier which uses a parabolic concentration profile assumption to model the diffusion resistance inside the desiccant particle. The relative merits of the parabolic concentration profile model compared widely utilized rotary desiccant wheel models are discussed. The periodic steady-state parabolic concentration profile model developed is efficient and can accommodate a variety of materials. These features make it an excellent tool for design studies requiring repetitive desiccant wheel simulations. A quartic concentration profile assumption was also investigated which yielded a 2.8 percent average improvement in prediction error over the parabolic model.
Opioid use trends in patients undergoing elective thoracic and lumbar spine surgery (2020)

These data suggest that additional opioid reduction strategies are needed in the population of patients undergoing elective thoracic and lumbar spine surgery. Spine surgeons can be involved in identifying patients taking opioids preoperatively, emphasizing the risks of continued opioid use and referring patients to appropriate evidence-based treatment programs.
Photoinduced Highly Efficient Second-Harmonic Generation in Azo-Dye-Doped Thick Films (2000)

4-[N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)]amino-4'-nitro-azobenzene (DR1)-doped poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) thick films were optically polarized by the coherent superposition of the 1500-nm fundamental and the 750-nm second-harmonic lights of a 130-fs pulse laser. These films were successfully polarized despite the transparent seed beams' wavelength for the dye, and the second-harmonic generation (SHG) conversion efficiency of a 96-µm-thick film was estimated to be 1.6% at the pump beam power of 11.1 GW·cm -2 . The relaxation was found to be suppressed with increasing film thickness.
An active air bearing (Control of radial axis motion and stiffness). (1990)

The aim of this paper is the development of bearings with the following features : ( 1 ) ultrahigh precision, ( 2 ) infinite static stiffness, ( 3 ) high vibration damping capability, ( 4 ) new functions (axis positioning and dynamic stiffness control). For this purpose, an active air journal bearing (AAJB) is proposed. The AAJB is a new type of mechatronics bearing composed of noncontact sensors to detect the radial position of its axis, noncontact actuators (movable air pads driven by PZT actuators) to support and drive the axis, and a controller to regulate the whole system. An experimental AAJB is constructed and experiments prove that the AAJB has the following advantages : ( 1 ) an almost infinite static stiffness and an improved damping capability, ( 2 ) axis positioning over 8μm with a resolution better than l0nm, ( 3 ) an axis rotational accuracy better than 25nm at 1000rpm with an unbalanced load, ( 4 )quick and precise axis positioning at 1OOOrpm by a rectangular reference input.
Physics of defects in nematic liquid crystals (2003)

Liquid-crystal phases are typical examples of soft and complex materials that exhibit an abundance of different phenomena. In this paper we present some of our results contributing to the understanding of the physics of defects in nematic liquid crystals. The examples presented exhibit many features that are also of interest for other branches of physics. We describe nematic point defects, the annihilation dynamics of a defect and anti-defect pair, and the coarsening dynamics of a dense pattern of defects after a sudden symmetry-breaking phase transition.
Synthesis of SF5CF2-Containing Enones and Instability of This Group in Specific Chemical Environments and Reaction Conditions (2016)

The chemistry of the SF5CF2 moiety has been scarcely investigated. In this report, we present synthetic pathways to a variety of SF5CF2-substituted compounds starting from vinyl ethers and SF5CF2C(O)Cl. In specific chemical environments and under particular reaction conditions, the SF5CF2 moiety is unstable in downstream products resulting in the elimination of the SF5(-) anion and its decomposition to SF4 and F(-). Surprisingly, the formed F(-) can attack the intermediate difluorovinyl moiety to form trifluoromethyl substituted products. This appears to happen when an intermediate neighboring group participation involving a double bond is possible. Under slightly different conditions, the reaction stops at the stage of a difluorovinyl compound.
Structural schema integration in heterogeneous multi-database systems using the Dual Model (2002)

The integration of views and schemas is an important part of database design and evolution to support complex and multiple applications sharing data. The view and schema integration methodologies proposed are driven purely by semantic considerations, and allow integration of objects only if that is valid from both semantic and structural view points. The authors discuss a new integration method called structural integration that has the advantage of being able to integrate objects that have structural similarities, even if they differ semantically. This is possible by using the object-oriented Dual Model which allows separate representation of structure and semantics. Structural integration has several advantages, including the identification of shared common structures that is important for physical database design and sharing of data and methods (code reusability).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
LINE-1-encoded Reverse Transcriptase in the genesis and therapy of cancer (2018)

Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements (LINE-1) make up a large family of autonomous retrotransposons, accounting for about 17% of the human genome. They constitute the major source of non telomeric Reverse Transcriptase (RT), an essential component of the retrotransposition machinery. Expression of RT-encoding LINE-1 sequences is low in differentiated, non-pathological cells and highly active in early embryos, germ cells and in a broad spectrum of cancers. Growing evidence functionally implicate RT in control of cell growth and differentiation and suggest causative roles in cancer onset. Indeed, inhibition of RT activity reduces proliferation, promotes differentiation and antagonizes cancer progression in animal models. More recently, RT inhibition proved effective in a phase II clinical trial with metastatic prostate cancer patients. Furthermore, the LINE-1encoded ORF2p product, ecompassing the RTencoding sequence, was found to be already esxpressed in precancerous lesions, increasing in progressive stages, while being undetectable in normal tissues. RT emerges therefore as a promising therapeutic target and a potential marker for early cancer detection. At the molecular level, the inhibition of LINE-1-encoded RT yields a global reprogramming of the gene expression profile in cancer cells, involving all RNA classes: coding mRNAs, long and small non-coding transcripts, including miRNAs -some of which are themselevs key players in cancer progression, invasion, and metastasis. In summary, the LINE-1-encoded RT emerges as a key component of a genome-wide regulatory mechanism that is active in embryogenesis, repressed during cell differentiation, and aberrantly reactivated in cancer cells.
Purification of recombinant proteins using thermoseparating aqueous two‐phase system and polymer recycling (1999)

Aqueous two-phase systems containing two polymers are a mild separation method for biomolecules due to the high concentration ofwater (75–90%) in the phases. The phase systems have been further developed by introduction of thermoseparating polymers which make recycling of phase components possible. The polymers are hydroxypropyl starch (eg Reppal PES200) and synthetic copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide (eg Breox 50A 1000). Random copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide are thermo separating, ie at temperaturesabove the cloud point they phase separate and form a concentrated copolymer phase and a water phase almost free of copolymer. The recombinant pharmaceutical protein apolipoprotein A-1 was purified from Escherichia coli fermentation solution. In acopolymer/starch aqueous two-phase system apolipoproteinA-1 was extracted from E coli contaminants into the copolymer phase. To improve the partitioning of amphiphilic apolipoprotein A-1 to the copolymer phase either urea ornon-ionic surfactants were added. The copolymer phase was removed after extraction, and temperature-induced phase separation was performed. In the new two-phase system formed at thermoseparation the target protein was recovered in the water phase. The copolymer and surfactant was obtained as a concentrated phase free from protein and could be recovered and reused in a new aqueous two-phase extraction. Extractions with recycled copolymer and surfactant, four recycle steps, were compared and no change in the recovery (80%) and purification factor(4.5) for apolipoprotein A-1 was observed. The recovery of copolymer and surfactant after thermoseparation was85–90% after each extraction. The DNA concentration was determined in the E coli extract and in the water phase after thermoseparation showing a DNA removal of more than 1000 times. The use of thermoseparating copolymers and low cost starch derivatives has improved the technique of aqueous two-phase partitioning and made primary recovery with this technique more cost efficient.The recycling of copolymer is important for development of environmentally favourable downstream processes. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry
Passive oscillator based protection scheme for faults within utility-scale photovoltaic arrays (2017)

Undetected faults within photovoltaic (PV) arrays can result in permanent power loss and major catastrophic failures. This paper proposes a passive oscillator based protection scheme that detects and classifies string-to-ground, string-to-string, and open-circuit faults in utility-scale PV arrays. A passive oscillator that consists of an inductor and a capacitor is placed on each string. A real-time discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is used to detect the voltage transients generated by the oscillator in less than 3 ms. Some salient features of this method include its capability to distinguish between fault and partial shading conditions, and its independence from meteorological data. The performance of the proposed approach is assessed on a utility-scale grounded PV arrays under various conditions. The results verify the scheme's sensitivity, selectivity, and high speed.
Controlled mechanized trepan. (1978)

A mechanized trepan is described whose cutting action is halted automatically when the trepan's cutting edge reaches the last 0.03 mm. tissue layer of the cornea. The automatic half of both the motor which advances the trepan as well as the second motor which rotates the trepan is triggered by the sudden change in electrical resistance between the trepan and the patient's internal body fluid, at the final stage of penetration. This automatic feature eliminates the danger of inadvertant damage to the inner structures of the eye.
Concentration dependence of magnetic moment in Ni50Mn50−xInx/2Sbx/2 alloys with Heusler structure (2011)

The concentration dependence of magnetic properties in the austenite phase of Ni50Mn50−xInx/2Sbx/2 Heusler alloys was systematically investigated by magnetization measurements. The Curie temperature for Ni50Mn50−xInx/2Sbx/2 alloys is almost independent of content x. On the other hand, the concentration dependence on magnetic moment shows a concave curve similar to that of Ni50Mn50−xSnx alloys, which have the same number of valence electrons. This tendency suggests that the magnetic moment continues to increase with decreasing content x and reaches that of the metastable ferromagnetic NiMn-B2 phase.
Crashing Waves: An Empirical Vehicle-to-Barrier Communication Channel Model via Crash Tests (2021)

Vehicle-to-barrier (V2B) communications is an emerging communication technology between vehicles and road-side barriers to mitigate run-off-road crashes, which result in more than half of the traffic-related fatalities in the United States. To ensure V2B connectivity, establishing a reliable V2B channel is necessary before a potential crash, such that real-time information from barriers can help (semi-)autonomous vehicles make informed decisions. However, the characteristics of the V2B channel are not yet well understood. Therefore, in this paper, aV2B channel model is developed with three channel metrics: received power, root mean square (RMS) delay spread, and RMS Doppler spread based on experiments during controlled vehicle crash tests. Experimentation, empirical analyses, and mathematical models are introduced to capture the impacts of antenna height, barrier type, and vehicle type in V2B channel characteristics. Vehicle-height barrier antennas experience 6.4% (540ns) less reference delay spread while encountering 10% (13Hz) higher reference Doppler spread and 10dB more received power than the barrier-height barrier antennas. Moreover, steel barrier deployment results in a 21% (2, 040ns) larger reference delay spread and 2.4% (2.35Hz) smaller reference Doppler spread than concrete barrier deployment. Finally, the impact of the crash in the communication channel is investigated with these empirical metrics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first V2B communication channel model that captures received power, RMS delay spread, and RMS Doppler spread validated with the most extensive set of vehicular crash tests. The experimental code and experiment dataset are made public to support reproducible research (https://github.com/UNL-CPN-Lab/Crashing-Waves).
Dpb11 Protein Helps Control Assembly of the Cdc45·Mcm2-7·GINS Replication Fork Helicase (2015)

Dpb11 is required for the initiation of DNA replication in budding yeast. Dpb11 binds to S-phase cyclin-dependent kinase-phosphorylated Sld2 and Sld3 to form a ternary complex during S phase. The replication fork helicase in eukaryotes is composed of Cdc45, Mcm2-7, and GINS. We show here, using purified proteins from budding yeast, that Dpb11 alone binds to Mcm2-7 and that Dpb11 also competes with GINS for binding to Mcm2-7. Furthermore, Dpb11 binds directly to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), and ssDNA inhibits the Dpb11 interaction with Mcm2-7. We also found that Dpb11 can recruit Cdc45 to Mcm2-7. We identified a mutant of the BRCT4 motif of Dpb11 that remains bound to Mcm2-7 in the presence of ssDNA (dpb11-m1,m2,m3,m5), and this mutant exhibits a DNA replication defect when expressed in budding yeast cells. Expression of this mutant results in increased interaction between Dpb11 and Mcm2-7 during S phase, impaired GINS interaction with Mcm2-7 during S phase, and decreased replication protein A (RPA) interaction with origin DNA during S phase. We propose a model in which Dpb11 first recruits Cdc45 to Mcm2-7. Dpb11, although bound to Cdc45·Mcm2-7, can block the interaction between GINS and Mcm2-7. Upon extrusion of ssDNA from the central channel of Mcm2-7, Dpb11 dissociates from Mcm2-7, and Dpb11 binds to ssDNA, thereby allowing GINS to bind to Cdc45·Mcm2-7. Finally, we propose that Dpb11 functions with Sld2 and Sld3 to help control the assembly of the replication fork helicase.
Modeling and simulation of radar sea clutter using k-distribution (2005)

Modern radars have become increasingly more complex and less tractable for mathematical analysis. So simulation is an obvious prerequisite if the radar is set to operate in hostile scenarios. The very commonly used and well established base band equivalent model for radar clutter is a complex Gaussian process, which implies that Chi-Square for power, or equivalently Rayleigh for amplitude. However, the statistical property of the radar cross-section on the area of sea surface is generally found to be non-Rayleigh. Also that the received clutter results from a large number of independent and identically distributed (IID) elementary scatterers does not hold good. In fact, if only a limited number of such scatterers actually contribute to the received clutter echo, as is the case for high resolution and/or low grazing angles, then the measured amplitude probability density function (APDF) exhibits large deviations from the Rayleigh distribution and is better fitted by families of APDFs such as K-distribution. This paper discusses the modeling and simulation of K-distributed sea clutter to help in understanding the clutter characteristics from a statistical viewpoint. This simulation will lead to a way of optimally fixing the threshold to improve detection performance.
Next-Generation Sequencing for Patients with Sarcoma: A Single Center Experience (2017)

The sarcomas are a heterogenous family of over 50 different mesenchymal tumors. Current practice for metastatic disease involves systemic chemotherapy or nonspecific kinase inhibitors such as pazopanib. Sarcomas typically lack the classic kinase alterations seen in many carcinomas. The role of next-generation sequencing in sarcoma clinical practice remains undefined.
Association of procedure length on outcomes and adverse events of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (2014)

There was no significant difference in outcomes or overall adverse events between shorter and longer ERCP procedures. However, longer procedures were associated with higher procedure complexity, higher utilization of pre-cut technique, and increased risk of bleeding.