gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Run by run control of chemical-mechanical polishing (2002)

A prototype hardware/software system has been developed and applied to the control of single wafer chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) processes. The control methodology consists of experimental design to build response surface and linearized control models of the process, and the use of feedback control to change recipe parameters (machine settings) on a lot by lot basis. Acceptable regression models were constructed for average removal rate and nonuniformity, which are calculated based on film thickness measurement at nine points on 8" blanket oxide wafers. For control, an exponentially weighted moving average model adaptation strategy was used, coupled to multivariate recipe generation incorporating user weights on the inputs and outputs, bounds on the input ranges, and discretization in the machine settings. We found that this strategy successfully compensated for substantial drift in the uncontrolled tool's removal rate. It was also found that the equipment model generated during the experimental design was surprisingly robust; the same model was effective across more than one CMP tool, and over a several month period.
Osteoporosis: the emperor has no clothes (2015)

The evidence for the viability of bone-targeted pharmacotherapy in preventing hip fracture and other clinical fragility fractures is mainly limited to women aged 65-80 years with osteoporosis, whereas the proof of hip fracture-preventing efficacy in women over 80 years of age and in men at all ages is meagre or absent. Further, the antihip fracture efficacy shown in clinical trials is absent in real-life studies. Many drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis have also been associated with increased risks of serious adverse events. There are also considerable uncertainties related to the efficacy of drug therapy in preventing clinical vertebral fractures, whereas the efficacy for preventing other fractures (relative risk reductions of 20-25%) remains moderate, particularly in terms of the low absolute risk reduction in fractures with this treatment.
Blood Pressure Drop and Penumbral Tissue Loss in Nonrecanalized Emergent Large Vessel Occlusion (2019)

Background and Purpose- For patients with emergent large vessel occlusion who may not benefit from timely recanalization treatment, maintaining adequate cerebral perfusion to prevent penumbral tissue loss is a key therapeutic strategy. Cerebral perfusion should be proportional to systemic blood pressure (BP) due to the loss of autoregulation properties in ischemic brain tissue. We hypothesized that acute fluctuations in BP would lead to aggravated penumbral tissue loss in persistent large vessel occlusion. Methods- A total of 80 patients with persistent large vessel occlusion of internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery admitted within 24 hours after onset, and with a baseline, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score ≥4-point were included. Baseline and follow-up (median 88 hours) magnetic resonance images were analyzed, and penumbra was defined as the T<sub>max</sub>>6 s region excluding baseline infarction. The hypoperfusion intensity ratio (T<sub>max</sub>>10 s/T<sub>max</sub>>6 s) was calculated within the penumbra. Penumbral tissue loss (%) was defined as the proportion of follow-up infarct in the penumbra. With serial BP measurements in the first 24 hours (median 29, interquartile range 26-35), BP and BP variability parameters, including BP<sub>dropmax</sub> (change from local maxima to minima), were calculated and compared. Generalized linear models were applied to examine the association between BP parameters and the penumbral tissue loss. Results- The median penumbral volume was 79.3 mL (interquartile range, 38.2-129.6) and median penumbral tissue loss was 36.7% (interquartile range, 12.0-56.1). In a multivariable analysis, systolic BP (SBP) SBP<sub>dropmax</sub> (β±SE of fourth quartile, 17.82±6.58; <i>P</i> value, 0.01) and diastolic BP (DBP) DBP<sub>dropmax</sub> (β±SE of fourth quartile, 14.04±6.38; <i>P</i> value, 0.01) were associated with increasing penumbral tissue loss, independently of age, baseline infarction and hypoperfusion intensity ratio. DBP<sub>incmax</sub>, SBP<sub>max</sub>, DBP<sub>max</sub>, SBP<sub>max-min</sub>, DBP<sub>max-min</sub>, and most of the DBP variability indices were associated with penumbral tissue loss. Conclusions- BP fluctuations, even a brief and drastic BP drop in the first 24 hours, significantly contributed to penumbral tissue loss irrespective of baseline hypoperfusion.
THE CLINICAL STUDIES ON THE METHOD OF VENOUS OLFACTORY TEST (1964)

In a report on the modified method of venous olfactory test, it was concluded by experimental studies that more accurate latent time could be measured by having the subject make one nasal breath per second. It was also suggested that the latent time of patients with hyposmia was longer than those without any olfactory disturbance. However, in the venous olfactory test with non- diluted Alinamin (Thiamin propyl disulfide), There was no significant difference between slight hypo- smia and normosmia. This reason was presumed that in non-diluted Alinamin, the olfactory gas concentration was in- creased too rapidly. In the various concentrations of Alinamin, the latent time in the modified venous olfactory test was observed. The results were as follows : 1) With the intravenous injection of non dilu- ted Alinamin, there was no significant difference in the latent time between persons with slight hyposmia and with normosmia. 2) The olfactory hypesthesia could be classified by the modified venous olfactory test with the diluted Alinamin. 3) Among the various dilutions of Alinamin, the most adequate dilution available to the venous olfactory test was 0.05mg/ml dilution. The latent time of persons classified five grades by simple nasal olfoctory test with an injection of lml of 0.05mg/ml diluted Alinamin into left cubi- tal vein, was as follows : Normosmia ........... ....... 8.lsec. (mean time) Slight hyposmia......... I3.Osec. ( ") Moderate hyposmia... 17.6sec. ( ") Marked hyposmia .................. not sensible So called anosmia
Deep Probabilistic Models for Camera Geo-Calibration (2018)

Abstract: The ultimate goal of image understanding is to transfer visual images into numerical or symbolic descriptions of the scene that are helpful for decision making. Knowing when, where, and in which direction a picture was taken, the task of geo-calibration makes it possible to use imagery to understand the world and how it changes in time. Current models for geo-calibration are mostly deterministic, which in many cases fails to model the inherent uncertainties when the image content is ambiguous. Furthermore, without a proper modeling of the uncertainty, subsequent processing can yield overly confident predictions. To address these limitations, we propose a probabilistic model for camera geo-calibration using deep neural networks. While our primary contribution is geo-calibration, we also show that learning to geo-calibrate a camera allows us to implicitly learn to understand the content of the scene. Menghua Zhai's ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5874-238X Copyright: © Menghua Zhai 2018 Funding information: NSF CAREER grant IIS-1553116; ARPA-E Award DE-AR0000594; Google Faculty Research Award; AWS Research Education grant; Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA) via Air Force Research Laboratory, contract FA8650-12-C-7212; DARPA (contract CSSG D11AP00255)
Adsorption to aluminum hydroxide promotes the activity of IL-12 as an adjuvant for antibody as well as type 1 cytokine responses to HIV-1 gp120 (1997)

A series of protocols were tested to examine the adjuvant effects of IL-12 on humoral and type 1 cytokine responses elicited in mice by recombinant gp120 envelope protein from HIV-1. This Ag fails to induce detectable Ab responses when administered s.c. alone, but stimulates low Ab levels when combined with aluminum hydroxide (alum). Moreover, when i.p. injected rIL-12 was included in the immunization, no increase in Ab production was observed. Importantly, optimal gp120 Ab responses were achieved by immunizing mice s.c. with gp120 and rIL-12 simultaneously coadsorbed to alum. These animals displayed a highly polarized, type 1 cytokine profile, with the emergence of anti-gp120 Ig belonging to the IgG2 and IgG3 isotypes. In addition, a major increase occurred in Ab of the IgG1 subclass. The superior adjuvant activity of alum-adsorbed IL-12 compared with that of the free cytokine correlated with the prolonged detection of IFN-gamma in the sera of animals immunized using the former procedure. In related experiments, in vitro neutralization of IL-12 was shown to inhibit IFN-gamma production by spleen cells from mice immunized with gp120 plus alum, but not by splenocytes from mice primed in the presence of IL-12, suggesting that the latter protocol induces a stable type 1 phenotype. These studies demonstrate that presentation of IL-12 on alum enhances its immunomodulatory effects and establish a protocol for the use of the cytokine as an adjuvant for simultaneously promoting both humoral Ab and type 1 cytokine responses.
Applications of Nanostructured Hybrid Materials for Supercapacitors (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: Overview Introduction Nanostructured Hybrid Materials Electrochemical Energy Storage Electrochemical Capacitors Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitor vs. Conventional Capacitor Origin of Enhanced Capacitance Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors Nanostructured Transition Metal Oxides Nanostructured Conducting Polymers Carbon Nanotubes and Related Carbonaceous Materials Hybrid Nanostructured Materials Conducting Polymer–Transition Metal Oxide Nanohybrids Conducting Polymer–Carbon Nanotube Hybrids Transition Metal Oxides–Carbon Nanotube Hybrids Hybrid Nanostructured Materials as Electrolytes for Super Capacitors Nanostructured Polymer Composite Electrolytes Ionic Liquids as Supercapacitor Electrolytes Possible Limitations of Hybrid Materials for Supercapacitors Conclusions and Perspectives References
PIN Diode Switch Circuit for Short Time High Current Pulse Signal (1998)

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1998.
Scheduling Models for Setup Reduction (1997)

The reduction of setup time has a significant impact on shortening manufacturing cycle time. In this paper, characteristics of setup activities are investigated, and models for sequencing setup activities are discussed. Sequencing setup activities can be modeled as a project scheduling problem. Two basic linear programming models for scheduling setup activities are presented. The models minimize the setup time (in particular, the internal setup time), and make a trade-off between the time and cost of setup activities with limited machining resources and budget. Factorial analysis is used to provide insights into the minimization of internal setup time.
Combustion of Pyrolysis Oil Blends with Diesel Fuel in a Micro Gas Turbine (2016)

Due to high energy density, storability and transportability pyrolysis oil has an advantage over the originating solid biomass. However, the combustion behaviour of the oxygenated pyrolysis oil is not comparable to fossil oil due to significant differences in physical and chemical properties. This different behaviour have an impact on the combustion efficiency, emissions and life-time of the burner. For the investigations a 50 kWe gas turbine working in low temperature combustion regime (idle and low power operation mode) was used. Pyrolysis oil was blended with diesel fuel by utilizing alcohols (ethanol or butanol) or surfactants (Zephrym PD2206 and Atlox 4912) as binding agents. Stable blends with pyrolysis oil content up to 45 wt% for alcohols and 20 wt% for surfactants were obtained. The recorded NO emissions were at level of few ppm, i.e. in the range of gas analyser error. Depends on the investigated conditions, blend composition and preheating temperature (effect of viscosity) the CO emissions were in the range of 550-700 ppm and generally agreed with the results of diesel fuel tests. The turbine was inspected after finalizing runs with surfactants as binding media, showing no signs of deterioration nor contamination on its components (in total few hours of operation). It has been concluded that combusting of pyrolysis oil blends with diesel distillate is an interesting option for biomass co-firing and can give an important contribution to power generation sector.
Compact low-loss vertical resonant mode couplingbetween two well-confined waveguides (1999)

The authors have achieved low-loss vertical mode transfer in an ultra-compact device between a 1.55 µm InGaAsP QW active waveguide and a well-confined passive waveguide using a 100 µm long taper. The radiation loss during the transfer was measured to be &lt; 0.3 dB. The device was fabricated using a single epitaxial growth and conventional fabrication schemes. This approach will lead to a new platform technology for integrating active and passive photonic devices.
Viral clearance for biopharmaceutical downstream processes (2015)

Viral clearance studies are mandated prior to entering clinical trials and for commercial launch of biopharmaceuticals. These studies are a key component of risk mitigation to reduce the potential for iatrogenic transmission of pathogenic viruses. This paper reviews regulatory guidance and practical strategies for designing viral clearance studies. Essential elements of a developmental phase-appropriate viral clearance package are detailed. These include scale-down model qualification, virus spike experiments and validation (clearance evaluation) of manufacturing process steps. Heuristics and learnings from available data are shared. Developments in this area including generic validation strategies, multiviral spiking strategies and use of newer model viruses for nonconventional substrates are also described. This review provides a framework for a comprehensive viral validation package for regulatory submissions.
Flux transfer model for designing visual effects by halftone printing (2015)

By extending classical reflectance prediction models for halftone prints according to a spectral mixing model based on a two-flux layering approach, we can predict simultaneously the reflectances and transmittances of simple halftone prints as well as compositions of various supports printed with different halftones, made of strongly scattering or almost non-scattering materials. The calibration of the model needs no more than a few tens of macroscopic spectral measurements, whereas thousands or billions of sample measurements would need to be measured without the model. The prediction accuracy was satisfyingly verified through recto-verso printed papers and stacks of printed films viewed in reflectance or transmittance mode. The model enables conceiving innovative applications for graphical arts.
Comment on "Single Crystals of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Formed by Self-Assembly" (2003)

Schlittler et al. ( [1][1] ) reported the production of single crystals of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) by the thermolysis of nanopatterned structures of alternating layers of C60 and nickel. Electron diffraction, high-resolution phase contrast imaging, and electron energy loss
<title>Low-cost, enhanced emergency telephone system</title> (1990)

One of the most common problems in the response to telephone calls for emergency services (ambulance, police, fire, etc.) is to insure that the responding agency has the appropriate location information and, in the case of individuals with a history of heart disease or other possibly life threatening affliction, pertinent information on their particular medical situation. Typically a 911 Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) or other response agency must depend upon the information solicited from the caller. In some modern emergency response systems, such as Enhanced 911 (E91 1), Automatic Location Information (ALT) is available from the operating telephone company. Typically, however, E9 1 1 may be cost effective only for relatively large jurisdictions. This is particularly true for those systems in which the information is obtained from the telephone company central data base by means of (redundant) dedicated, high speed data lines. In a previous paper [1], the authors investigated a device, located at the subscriber's residence, which would transmit, via a modem, location and other information to the PSAP upon activation by a request-to-send (RTS). Although the device was technically successful, it had a high projected cost. In the present paper an alternate system approach is taken in which a device located at the subscriber's residence transmits only a seven digit "touch tone" code (typically the subscriber's telephone number) to a personal computer in the PSAP. The computer performs a "reverse directory" data- base lookup for address and/or other pertinent information (eg. emergency medical information) and displays the information which enables the dispatcher to send the appropriate response. The system will also be useful in the case of telephone offices which automatically provide Automatic Number Identification (ANI) but not ALl. This paper describes the system and its device and software components, system costs and discusses several applications in the area of emergency response to telephone requests for service, including a low cost automated medical service request system which can be activated by a simple handheld device.
Structure-Function Relationship of Acyl Amino Acid Surfactants: Surface Activity and Antimicrobial Properties (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure-Function Relationship of Acyl Amino Acid Surfactants: Surface Activity and Antimicrobial PropertiesJiding Xia, Yongmei Xia, and Ifendu A. NnannaCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1995, 43, 4, 867–871Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00052a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00052a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views646Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Peptide LCGA-17 Attenuates Behavioral and Neurochemical Deficits in Rodent Models of PTSD and Depression (2022)

We have previously described the LCGA-17 peptide as a novel anxiolytic and antidepressant candidate that acts through the α2δ VGCC (voltage-gated calcium channel) subunit with putative synergism with GABA-A receptors. The current study tested the potential efficacy of acute and chronic intranasal (i.n.) LCGA-17 (0.05 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg) in rats on predator odor-induced conditioned place aversion (POCPA), a model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) that produce a range of behavioral and physiological changes that parallel symptoms of depression in humans. CUS and LCGA-17 treatment effects were tested in the sucrose preference (SPT) social interaction (SI), female urine sniffing (FUST), novelty-suppressed feeding (NSFT), and forced swim (FST) tests. Analysis of the catecholamines content in brain structures after CUS was carried out using HPLC. The efficacy of i.n. LCGA-17 was also assessed using the Elevated plus-maze (EPM) and FST. Acute LCGA-17 administration showed anxiolytic and antidepressant effects in EPM and FST, similar to diazepam and ketamine, respectively. In the POCPA study, LCGA-17 significantly reduced place aversion, with efficacy greater than doxazosin. After CUS, chronic LCGA-17 administration reversed stress-induced alterations in numerous behavioral tests (SI, FUST, SPT, and FST), producing significant anxiolytic and antidepressant effects. Finally, LCGA-17 restored the norepinephrine levels in the hippocampus following stress. Together, these results support the further development of the LCGA-17 peptide as a rapid-acting anxiolytic and antidepressant.
Osteoclast Morphology in Autosomal Recessive Malignant Osteopetrosis Due To a TCIRG1 Gene Mutation (2003)

Bone biopsies were performed before and 7 weeks after transplantation of HLA-compatible bone marrow from the sister of a 3-month-old male infant with malignant autosomal recessive osteopetrosis due to a mutation in the TCIRG1 (ATP6i) gene. The first biopsy showed broad, immature bony trabeculae and no medullary hematopoiesis. Only few osteoclasts were present and electron microscopy showed absence of ruffled borders. The post transplant biopsy revealed donor osteoclasts with ruffled borders and intracytoplasmic mineral crystals as proof of active bone resorption that had not yet been detectable radiographically. Osteopetrosis is a genetically heterogeneous disease. Definition at the DNA-level will enable comparison of treatment strategies and prenatal diagnosis. As shown in this patient, the autosomal recessive form caused by a TCIRG1 gene mutation may be amenable to bone marrow transplantation. Activity of donor osteoclasts can be demonstrated morphologically on biopsy, before bone remodeling becomes evident radiologically.
An Unusual Form of Parasitism of an Anthomyid Fly (1927)

In the course of a study of the bionomics of Hylemyia (Chortophila) brassicae Bouché, the Cabbage Root Fly, a small number of adults of this and a closely allied species were observed in the field to possess a somewhat unusual appearance. The capture and subsequent microscopical examination of these flies showed that they were parasitised by a micro-organism, which appears to be a fungus.
RAGE‐dependent VCAM‐1 expression in the lung endothelium mediates IL‐33‐induced allergic airway inflammation (2018)

This study demonstrates that allergen- and cytokine-induced VCAM-1 expression is RAGE-dependent and contributes to lung ILC2 accumulation and downstream eosinophilic inflammation, mucus metaplasia, and type 2 inflammatory responses.
Simulation of Field Emission Micro-Triode Based on Coaxial Nanostructure (2008)

Abstract A micro-triode structure based on coaxial nanostructure made of an inner carbon nanotube emitter, insulator layer, coaxial metallic outer conductor as a gate, and separated anode is suggested. According to the Fowler-Nordheim equation, its electron emission performance was evaluated via MAGIC code simulation. Contours of the electrostatic potential variable around the emitter, emission electron trajectories, and gate interceptive current were analyzed. A circuit model was proposed for the triode, while the DC and the THz range AC characteristics were simulated, which indicates the ability of the device to perform in the THz frequency range. Keywords Field emission triode. Carbon nanotube. Coaxial nanostructure. THz 1