gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Bortezomib-Resistant Nuclear Factor-κB Activity in Multiple Myeloma Cells (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Bortezomib (Velcade/PS341), a proteasome inhibitor used in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), can inhibit activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), a family of transcription factors often deregulated and constitutively activated in primary MM cells. NF-κB can be activated via several distinct mechanisms, including the proteasome inhibitor–resistant (PIR) pathway. It remains unknown what fraction of primary MM cells harbor constitutive NF-κB activity maintained by proteasome-dependent mechanisms. Here, we report an unexpected finding that constitutive NF-κB activity in 10 of 14 primary MM samples analyzed is refractory to inhibition by bortezomib. Moreover, when MM cells were cocultured with MM patient-derived bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC), microenvironment components critical for MM growth and survival, further increases in NF-κB activity were observed that were also refractory to bortezomib. Similarly, MM-BMSCs caused PIR NF-κB activation in the RPMI8226 MM cell line, leading to increased NF-κB–dependent transcription and resistance to bortezomib-induced apoptosis. Our findings show that primary MM cells frequently harbor PIR NF-κB activity that is further enhanced by the presence of patient-derived BMSCs. They also suggest that this activity is likely relevant to the drug resistance development in some patients. Further elucidation of the mechanism of PIR NF-κB regulation could lead to the identification of novel diagnostic biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for MM treatment. (Mol Cancer Res 2008;6(8):1356–64)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Pembrolizumab and nivolumab: PD-1 inhibitors for advanced melanoma (2016)

Pembrolizumab and nivolumab monotherapies are effective therapies in ipilimumab-refractory metastatic melanoma and present an overall favorable toxicity profile.
Potential Approaches for Gene Transfer between Transformed Wheat(Triticum aestivum) and It's Relative Weeds (2001)

Three potential approaches of gene transfer between transformed wheat with glufosinate resistant gene and it's relative weeds were studied by investigating the gene flow in the progeny of hybridization. Theoretically, the gene transfer has three approaches from transformed wheat to weeds by sexual transfer, which are: 1.from selfing F1, forming transgenic population mixed with tetraploids and aneuploids that will go on segregation on the resistance, 2.from the F1 to tetraploid weeds via spontaneous crossing, and 3. from the F1 pollinated by transgenic hexaploid wheat. In this paper, it was confirmed that there exists a potential risk of gene transfer between transformed wheat variety and it's relative weeds. On the sexual transfer approaches, the first route was most unlikely due to the sterile F1 hybrids. The other two approaches were main ways to transfer the gene to the relative weeds because the viable progeny of hybridization would become a bridge of gene flow between transformed wheat variety and weeds, and eventually create a new weed or “super weed”. To escape or mitigate the potential risk, creating multi resistant genes to prolong the use of transformed variety using biotechnology and taking management strategy to escape hybridization were suggested.
Development of Neutron Induced Prompt γ-ray Spectroscopy System Using 252 Cf (2003)

For the design and set-up of neutron induced prompt -ray spectroscopy system using neutron source, the effects of shielding and moderator materials have been examined. The source being used for TLD badge calibration in Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute was utilized for this preliminary experiment. The -ray background and prompt -ray spectrum of the sample containing Cl were measured using HPGe (GMX 60% relative efficiency) located at the inside of the system connected to notebook PC at the outside of the system (about 20 meter distance). The background activities of neutron and -rays were measured with neutron survey meter as well as -ray survey meters, respectively and the system was designed to minimize the activities. Prompt -ray spectrum was measured using - coincident system for reduce the background and the continuum spectrum. The optimum system was designed and set up using the experimental data obtained.
Browning induces GLUT-1 protein expression. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;(&lt;b&gt;A&lt;/b&gt;) Representative immunoblot and (&lt;b&gt;B&lt;/b&gt;) imageJ quantification of GLUT-1 from primary inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) precursor cells. Cells were differentiated into white (EtOH treated) or brite (cPGI&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; treated) adipocytes for 8 days. (&lt;b&gt;C&lt;/b&gt;) Representative immunoblot and (&lt;b&gt;D&lt;/b&gt;) imageJ quantification of GLUT-1 from primary inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) of mice housed at 23°C and 5°C respectively for 10 days. (&lt;b&gt;E&lt;/b&gt;) GLUT-1 stained iWAT slices of mice fed LFD and implanted with NaCl or CL s.c. pumps. (&lt;b&gt;F&lt;/b&gt;) &lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;H-2-deoxy-D-glucose (3H-2DOG) uptake by primary inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) precursor cells. Cells were differentiated into white (EtOH treated) or brite (cPGI&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; treated) adipocytes for 8 days, ± GLUT-1 inhibitor STF-31 for the last 2 days and stimulated with 20 nM Insulin for 20 min. All values are expressed as means ± SEM, n = 7 for in vivo experiments and 10–12 animals for cell isolation.&lt;/p&gt;
Narrow sheet design with shielding metal walls of two-dimensional communication (2012)

In a sheet design of the two-dimensional communication (2DC) system, it is desirable to add shielding metal walls to the edges of the sheet in order to suppress electromagnetic (EM) radiation. Then, the sheet medium has the cutoff frequency similar to a rectangular waveguide, which can be determined from the width of the sheet. If the carrier frequency is less than the cutoff frequency, the power cannot be transmitted through the sheet. This paper proposes a new narrow 2DC sheet with the cutoff frequency lower than a conventional 2DC sheet with metal walls. Actually, the lower cutoff frequency can be obtained by forming a special metal pattern near the shielded walls. This can make the sheet width wider equivalently (electrical length longer). Then EM wave can propagate through a narrower sheet. Measurements using fabricated prototypes clearly show the advantage of the proposed structure.
(Invited) High Performance Deep Ultraviolet Nanowire Light Emitting Diodes and Lasers (2015)

Deep ultraviolet light sources are important for a broad range of applications including water purification, disinfection, and medical diagnostics. The currently reported AlGaN planar light emitting diodes (LEDs) and lasers generally exhibit poor performance, due to the presence of large densities of defects and dislocations and the inefficient p-type doping. In this context, we have investigated the molecular beam epitaxial growth and characterization of nearly defect-free AlGaN nanowire heterostructures grown directly on Si substrate. We have demonstrated AlGaN nanowire LEDs that can operate in the UV-B (280-320nm) and UV-C (&lt;280 nm) bands, which exhibit excellent current current-voltage characteristics. We have further demonstrated electrically injected AlGaN nanowire lasers on Si that can exhibit relatively low threshold current densities (~ 100 A/cm 2 ). In this work, catalyst-free AlGaN nanowires were grown directly on Si substrate by radio-frequency plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Due to the diffusion controlled growth process, such self-organized AlGaN nanowires exhibit unique core-shell structures, with the presence of Al-rich AlGaN shell. As a consequence, the nonradiative surface recombination can be greatly suppressed. By varying the Al/Ga flux ratio during the growth process, the emission wavelengths can be controllably varied from ~ 210 nm to &gt;340 nm. The nanowire heterostructures exhibit relatively high internal quantum efficiency (~ 80%) at room-temperature in the UV-C band. We have further identified that Mg-dopant incorporation can be significantly enhanced in AlGaN nanowires, compared to their planar counterparts, due to the reduced formation energy for Al(Ga)-substitutional Mg-doping. The resulting AlN nanowire LEDs can exhibit excellent current-voltage characteristics, with a turn-on voltage of 6 V. We have also demonstrated that self-organized AlGaN nanowire arrays can function as a high Q optical cavity, due to the Anderson localization of light. The AlGaN nanowire lasers consist of n-AlGaN cladding layer, i-AlGaN active region, and p-AlGaN cladding layer. The devices were fabricated using standard photolithography and metallization techniques. Under continuous wave biasing conditions, the devices can exhibit very low threshold current density. For devices operating in the UV-AII (~ 320-340 nm) band, the threshold current density is ~ 12 A/cm2 at 6 K. The threshold current density increases slightly to ~ 200 A/cm2 for operation wavelengths in the UV-C band. The measured threshold current densities are nearly two to three orders of magnitude lower, compared to conventional AlGaN quantum well lasers under either optical pumping or electrical injection.
Bilateral control with time-varying delay including communication blackout (2003)

Yokokohji et al. (2000) proposed a bilateral control scheme with energy balance monitoring under time-varying communication delay. In this paper, experimental results using the proposed control scheme over a computer network are shown. In the above work, the authors dealt with a situation when the communication is in breakdown. However, they did not discuss how to recover the system after the communication line comes back. In this paper we also propose a way to recover the system from the communication blackout. Experimental results show the validity of the proposed methods.
Delayed ossification and abnormal development of tarsal bones in idiopathic clubfoot: Should it affect bracing protocol when using the Ponseti method? (2019)

V.
Effects of pulsed electric field number on embryonic development of Oryzias latipes (2011)

The paper describes the effects of 50 to 110 nanosecond pulsed electric field (PEF) on the embryonic development of the Oryzias latipes (medaka fish). PEF provides the possibility of controlling membrane transport process and functions of biological cells. However, the details of short nanosecond order pulse effects have not been fully understood. Currently, the effects of PEF have been mostly studied in-vitro, while, there are interest about in-vivo effects. The goal of the current study is to find the effects of short pulsed electric field in-vivo during embryo development to control cell proliferation and differentiation. A pulsed power modulator using a magnetic pulse compression circuit (MPC) is employed to generate 0.5 to 30 kV pulses with 50 to 110 nanosecond pulse durations. Fertilized eggs of d-rR medaka strain are used. The age of the experimental eggs are 6 hour post fertilization (hrPF), 1 day, and 2 days old. In each experiment, a single medaka egg (about 1.2 mm diameter) is set at the middle of a 2 mm or 4 mm cuvette. Electric pulses are applied with several different conditions. Pulse numbers are set to 1 to 40 shots with one pulse per second (PPS) rate. The conductivity of the medium (w.o. Hanks' balanced salt solution) is adjusted by adding distilled water to 1 or 15 mS/cm. Furthermore, two kind of pulse widths of 50 and 110 ns are applied. The embryos are observed under a fluorescent microscope. Propidium Iodide (PI) is used to study electroporative uptake kinetics of the embryo cells. By applying 110 ns electric pulses, extensive damage of eggs are observed. For shorter 50 ns width pulses and low electric field, delayed hatching consistent with electric field intracellular interaction is observed, whereas stronger electric field affected the eggs immediately after the pulse and those eggs could not survive and died a few days later. Some abnormal embryo growths are observed under high conductivity condition.
Rapid Change in Residual Renal Function Decline is Associated with Lower Survival and Worse Residual Renal Function Preservation in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients (2017)

The survival advantage observed among peritoneal dialysis patients early on after dialysis initiation has been largely attributed to residual renal function (RRF) preservation due to higher baseline residual function and fewer comorbidities. We hypothesize that a rapid decline in RRF is associated with higher risk of anuria and mortality. In a retrospective cohort study of 581 subjects on peritoneal dialysis with longitudinal prevalent data, we assessed whether RRF change over time, in addition to baseline RRF, increased risk of mortality and anuria using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard analysis to control for known risk factors. Rapid RRF decline (≥ 0.09 decline) over a 12-month period was associated with a 2.6-fold increase in the risk of death (hazard ratio [HR] 2.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.66 - 4.07, compared with < 0.09 decline) and a 2-fold increase in anuria (HR 2.06, 95% CI 1.24 - 3.42). Each quartile of increasing severity of RRF decline over a 12-month period increased risk incrementally for death (2<sup>nd</sup> quartile: HR 3.04, CI 1.26 - 7.34; 3<sup>rd</sup> quartile: HR 4.01, CI 1.71 - 9.83; 4<sup>th</sup> quartile HR 5.78, CI 2.10 - 15.9) and generally for anuria (quartiles with HR 5.72 - 7.21). The escalating risk of mortality and anuria was greater for those with diabetes mellitus. In conclusion, rapid decline in RRF over a 12-month period increased the risk of mortality and likewise anuria, beyond previously established risk factors for mortality and anuria. The impact on mortality and RRF preservation was particularly severe for those with diabetes mellitus.
Human Plasma Concentrations of R, S, and Racemic Flurbiprofen Given as a Toothpaste (1996)

Flurbiprofen, an arylpropionic acid (APA) class nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID), is commercially available only as the racemic mixture, although its pharmacologic effect has been credited primarily to the S isomer. In humans, the bioavailability of racemic flurbiprofen absorbed from the oral cavity has been studied measuring the total concentration of S- and R-flurbiprofen, and the pharmacokinetics of S- and R-flurbiprofen have been studied after oral administration of racemic flurbiprofen. In this study, the plasma concentrations of S-flurbiprofen and to some extent R-flurbiprofen were studied after brushing with a toothpaste containing different mixtures of S- and R-flurbiprofen. The toothpaste formulations contained 1% racemic (50:50), eutectic (14:86), 1%, 0.5%, and 0.25% (5:95) R- to S-flurbiprofen. Both S- and R-flurbiprofen were rapidly absorbed, with a time to reach maximum concentration (tmax) of 1.2 to 1.4 hours. Based on the AUC, the amount of S-flurbiprofen absorbed increased proportionally when given as the 0.25% (5:95) preparation to the 0.5% (5:95) mixture but did not increase significantly above the 0.5% (5:95) mixture when given as 1% (5:95) R- to S-flurbiprofen. This suggests that dose-proportional absorption of S-flurbiprofen is not maintained at higher concentrations. The elimination of S-flurbiprofen appears to be variable and prolonged after this mode of administration, as observed from plasma concentrations. Further controlled and more prolonged studies of S- and R-flurbiprofen are needed to confirm these observations.
Deep Learning Aided Signal Detection in OFDM Systems with Time-Varying Channels (2019)

In this paper, we propose a deep learning aided approach for signal detection in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems with time-varying channels. The method simplifies the architecture of OFDM systems by treating OFDM receivers as a black box. We utilize fully-connected deep neural network (FC-DNN) properly and successfully simulate an end-to-end time-varying OFDM system. Compared with two conventional algorithms well-designed to deal with OFDM systems in time-varying environment, the proposed method does not need to estimate channel parameters to detect signals. Simulation results also demonstrate that the trained DNN model has the ability to remember the characteristics of wireless time-varying channels and provide more accurate and robust signal recovery performance.
Maternal messenger RNA distribution in silkmoth eggs: I. Clone Ec4B is associated with the cortical cytoskeleton (1990)

We have constructed a cDNA library from mature egg RNA of the silkmoth, Hyalophora cecropia. Differential screening of the library using cDNA made against mRNAs from the yolky cytoplasm (soluble fraction) and the cortical cytoplasm (cytoskeletal-associated or cortical fraction) resulted in several clones that hybridized to a higher degree to the cDNA from the cytoskeletal-associated fraction. We selected and analyzed the clone giving the strongest signal (designated Ec4b) for its distribution in situ and found that it bound to mRNAs in the nurse cell cytoplasm, in the cortex and in the follicle cells of oocytes. Hybridization of the insert from Ec4b to both detergent-soluble and -insoluble (cortical) RNA on dot blots further supported the observation that the mRNA corresponding to Ec4b was enriched in this cytoskeletal fraction. The mRNA for Ec4b was approximately 500 bases long and the gene seems to be a member of a large multigene family in the H. cecropia genome. Analyses of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences reveal similarity to lepidopteran chorion genes and a lesser but convincing similarity to vertebrate cytokeratins. The filter and in situ hybridization data point to the association of specific messenger RNAs with the cortical cytoskeleton of silkmoth oocytes. Aspects of the structure of the protein encoded by this mRNA suggest that it is a structural component necessary for formation of the cellular blastoderm of the embryo. The association of this maternal mRNA with the cortical cytoskeleton presents the interesting possibility that mRNA bound to the cytoskeleton may be capable of participating in the synthesis of new cytoskeleton or related structures during blastoderm formation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
[Borrelia burgdorferi-induced pseudolymphoma with pathogen cultivation in an HIV-1 positive patient]. (1989)

Cutaneous symptoms and skin diseases are common findings in almost all HIV-1-positive patients. In many cases the clinical presentation and course of the skin diseases are atypical, and occasionally the development of the appropriate circulating antibodies is lacking or impaired. In this report we present a patient seen in our multidisciplinary outpatient clinic for HIV patients. This patient had a Borrelia burgdorferi infection with an unusual course. The acute inflammatory phase of the arthropod reaction was maintained over a period of 9 months with development into pseudolymphoma showing unusual cytological characteristics. Immunohistological evaluation revealed an almost complete lack of T-helper and Langerhans cells, but an increased number of activated cytotoxic cells with class II antigen expression. A marked serological response was observed on IgG-ELISA and in the IgG-immunofluorescence test. Borrelia burgdorferi was cultured in vitro from a skin biopsy of the involved area. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of skin borreliosis in an HIV-1-positive patient.
Access Point Assignment Algorithms in WLANs Based on Throughput Objectives (2008)

In this article we present branch-and-bound algorithms for the access point assignment problem in WLANs, when the objective function is based on the throughput of stations in the network. We consider: a) maximizing the aggregate throughput, b) achieving lexicographically max-min fair throughputs, c)
A 60-GHz Optoelectronic Mixing Scheme of High Image and Carrier Rejection Ratios With an Integrated Optical Single-Sideband (2001)

We report on the first implementation and perfor- mance investigation of a 60-GHz-band optoelectronic image re- jection mixing scheme based on a broad-band integrated optical single-sideband modulator. We have confirmed a few advantageous features over electrical image rejection mixers, arising from its na- ture of being free from electrical phase control of millimeter-wave signals. We obtained at the IF frequency of 800 MHz rejection ra- tios of 40 dB for the image signal and of 20 dB for the local os- cillator (LO) signal in the LO frequency range of 55-65 GHz. The LO bandwidth can be extended further. The IF bandwidth with an image rejection ratio of 20 dB was also confirmed to be as broad as 550 MHz, which is limited not by the configuration but by the bandwidth of the 90 hybrid used in this experiment. Furthermore, fiber-optic transmission of a 155.52-Mb/s-DPSK 59.8-GHz optical millimeter-wave signal was successfully demonstrated for a 20-km standard single-mode fiber. A bit error rate of 10 was achieved at the received optical power of 18 dBm with a negligible disper- sion penalty.
Studies on WF-3161, a new antitumor antibiotic. (1983)

WF-3161 is an antitumor antibiotic produced by a strain of fungus, Petriella guttulata. The antibiotic was purified by solvent extraction and a combination of silica gel and reverse phase column chromatography. The chemical structure of the antibiotic (C31H44N4O6, mp 181-183 degrees C) was found to be a cyclic tetrapeptide consisting of phenylalanine, leucine, pipecolinic acid and 2-amino-8-oxo-9,10-epoxydecanoic acid. WF-3161 inhibited the growth of Trichophyton asteroides. It prolonged survival period of mice bearing leukemia P-388 with a high therapeutic index.
Reelin Induces the Detachment of Postnatal Subventricular Zone Cells and the Expression of the Egr-1 through Erk1/2 Activation (2006)

Reelin binds to very low-density lipoprotein receptor and apolipoprotein E receptor 2, thereby inducing mDab1 phosphorylation and activation of the phosphatidylinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) pathway. Here we demonstrate that Reelin activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, which leads to the phosphorylation of Erk1/2 proteins. The inhibition of Src family kinases (SFK) blocked Reelin-dependent Erk1/2 activation. This was also shown in neuronal cultures from mDab1-deficient mice. Although rat sarcoma viral oncogene was weakly activated upon Reelin treatment, pharmacological inhibition of the PI3K pathway blocked Reelin-dependent ERK activation, which indicates cross talk between the ERK and PI3K pathways. We show that blockade of the ERK pathway does not prevent the chain migration of neurons from the subventricular zone (SVZ) but does inhibit the Reelin-dependent detachment of migrating neurons. We also show that Reelin induces the transcription of the early growth response 1 transcription factor. Our findings demonstrate that Reelin triggers ERK signaling in an SFK/mDab1- and PI3K-dependent manner and that ERK activation is required for Reelin-dependent transcriptional activation and the detachment of neurons migrating from the SVZ.