gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polarimetric characterization of semiconductor materials for photodetector applications (2003)

Polarization effects are typically assumed to be negligible in semi-conductor photo-detectors. However, effects on the order of a few percent or less have occasionally been reported. Such reports have been difficult to assess because they are typically at or near measurement limits. Because remote sensing technology currently under consideration requires calibration precision of 3 % or less, these effects can no longer be ignored. We have recently carried out a set of high-quality polarimetric measurements of semi-conductor photo-detector materials across appropriate wavelength ranges in order to develop a better understanding of polarization effects on photo-detector response. Samples studied include GaAs and Si. The wavelength range was chosen to encompass the transition between strongly absorbing and non-absorbing for these materials. In addition, GaAs was compared with Si in order to better understand the contribution of bi-refringence effects in the regime of high optical absorption as required for efficient photo-detection. Mueller matrix data were obtained in order to allow prediction of photo-detectors over a wide range of angles of incidence under polarized illumination. This understanding is of interest for applications that require very fast optics, which is often the case for systems that operate in “photon-starved” environments.
Nanogel formation of polymer solutions flowing through porous media (2012)

A gelation process was seen to occur when Boger fluids made from aqueous solutions of polyacrylamide (PAA) and NaCl flowed through porous media with certain characteristics. As these viscoelastic fluids flow through a porous medium, the pressure drop across the bed varies linearly with the flow rate, as also happens with Newtonian fluids. Above a critical flow rate, elastic effects set in and the pressure drop grows above the low-flow-rate linear regime. Increasing further the flow rate, a more dramatic increase in the slope of the pressure drop curve can be observed as a consequence of nanogel formation. In this work, we discuss the reasons for this gelation process based on our measurements using porous media of different sizes, porosity and chemical composition. Additionally, the rheological properties of the fluids were investigated for shear and extensional flows. The fluids were also tested as they flowed through different microfluidic analogues of the porous media. The results indicate that the nanogel inception occurs with the adsorption of PAA molecules on the surface of the porous media particles that contain silica on their surfaces. Subsequently, if the interparticle space is small enough a jamming process occurs leading to flow-induced gel formation.
Mathematical Modeling for Prediction of Survival From Resuscitation Based on Computerized Continuous Capnography: Proof of Concept (2011)

This preliminary study suggests that computerized ETCO(2) carries potential as a tool for early, real-time decision-making during some resuscitations.
Transcranial Laser Therapy Attenuates Amyloid-β Peptide Neuropathology in Amyloid-β Protein Precursor Transgenic Mice (2011)

Transcranial laser therapy (TLT) was tested for efficacy in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) using a near-infrared energy laser system. TLT is thought to stimulate ATP production, increase mitochondrial activity, and help maintain neuronal function. Studies were performed to determine the effect of TLT in an amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) transgenic mouse model. TLT was administered 3 times/week at various doses, starting at 3 months of age, and was compared to a control group (no laser treatment). Treatment was continued for a total of six months. Animals were examined for amyloid load, inflammatory markers, brain amyloid-β (Aβ) levels, plasma Aβ levels, cerebrospinal fluid Aβ levels, soluble AβPP (sAβPP) levels, and behavioral changes. The numbers of Aβ plaques were significantly reduced in the brain with administration of TLT in a dose-dependent fashion. Administration of TLT was associated with a dose-dependent reduction in amyloid load. All TLT doses mitigated the behavioral effects seen with advanced amyloid deposition and reduce the expression of inflammatory markers in the AβPP transgenic mice. All TLT doses produced an increase in sAβPPα and a decrease in CTFβ levels consistent with inhibition of the β-secretase activity. In addition, TLT showed an increase in ATP levels, mitochondrial function, and c-fos suggesting an overall improvement in neurological function. These studies suggest that TLT is a potential candidate for treatment of AD.
EFFECT OF SOME FACTORS ON CONDUCTIVITIES OF POLYMER IONIC CONDUCTORS (1987)

The ionic conductivities of some PECH-and PECH-PEO-alkaline salt complexes have been determined. The effect of some factors such as polar group concentration, cation size and anion size as well as procedure of thin film preparation on conductivity of polymer ionic conductor has been studied. For lithium salt complex the polar group reduces the conductivity, while for sodium salt complex the polar group enhances the conductivity. This phenomenon was explained by a model involving the existence of two kinds of potential well in the polymers. It has been found that the cation size has strong influence on conductivity. For both small Li+ and large K+ , the conductivity is low but for mediun size Na+, the conductivity is high. An ion transport picture in amorphous PECH has been proposed to illustrate this behaviour. In addition, it was shown that the larger the anion size is, the lower the conductivity will be. Finally, the re-sults suggested that the procedure of thin film preparation influenced the film conductivity.
Increasing the anti-Stokes shift in TTA upconversion with photosensitizers showing red-shifted spin-allowed charge transfer absorption but a non-compromised triplet state energy level (2019)

Excitation into the spin-allowed S0 → 1CT absorption band of a spin-orbit charge transfer intersystem crossing (SOCT-ISC) triplet photosensitizer (PS) was used as a new strategy to increase the anti-Stokes shift in triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) upconversion, with the advantages of red-shifted absorption but the non-compromised triplet state energy level of the triplet PS.
Image recording by particle orientation (1968)

Using a thermolptastic film containing flake-like colloidal particles an optical transparency can be produced by heating the film while applying a pattern of electric fields to locally orient the particles. These fields can be controlled by an adjacent photoconductive layer, allowing an input optical image to be recorded.
The Visual Turing Test for Scene Reconstruction (2013)

We present the first large scale system for capturing and rendering relight able scene reconstructions from massive unstructured photo collections taken under different illumination conditions and viewpoints. We combine photos taken from many sources, Flickr-Based ground-level imagery, oblique aerial views, and street view, to recover models that are significantly more complete and detailed than previously demonstrated. We demonstrate the ability to match both the viewpoint and illumination of arbitrary input photos, enabling a Visual Turing Test in which photo and rendering are viewed side-by-side and the observer has to guess which is which. While we cannot yet fool human perception, the gap is closing.
Structure of fetal lactosaminoglycan. The carbohydrate moiety of Band 3 isolated from human umbilical cord erythrocytes. (1984)

The structure of lactosaminoglycan prepared from Band 3 glycoprotein of umbilical cord blood erythrocytes was elucidated. The glycopeptides were digested by endo-beta-galactosidase and oligosaccharides, core glycopeptides, and intact glycopeptides were analyzed by permethylation, exoglycosidase digestion, and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. The structure of one of the major components was found to be: sequence in text This structure is unique in that 1) two linear polylactosaminyl chains are attached to the core portion, 2) the polylactosaminyl side chain is much longer on the Man alpha 1----6 side than on the Man alpha 1----3 side, 3) alpha 2----3-linked sialic acid is present at the terminal of the long polylactosaminyl side chain, whereas alpha 2----6-linked sialic acid is present in the other short side chain, and 4) fucose is linked only to the external position of the lactosaminyl side chain and fucose, alpha 1----6-linked to the innermost N-acetylglucosamine, is absent.
Formation of Au/Pd Alloy Nanoparticles on TMV (2010)

A gold‐palladium (AuPd) solid solution alloy was successfully deposited on the genetically engineered tobacco mosaic virus (TMV1Cys) by the biosorption of Au(III) and Pd(II) precursors and the reduction of the Au(III) and Pd(II) to their respective metals or metal alloy. The resulting morphologies of alloy nanoparticles deposited on the TMV1Cys were observed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the AuPd alloy formation was supported with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). In addition, selected alloy nanoparticles on the TMV1Cys were analyzed further with electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) to confirm the presence of gold and palladium. Our result implies that biotemplated metal mineralization is a potentially useful methodology to prepare alloy nanoparticles.
Image Analysis for Quantitative Evaluation of Antigen Retrieval Efficacy Demonstrates Increased Detection of P-glycoprotein in Overfixed Cells but Decreased Detection in Optimally Fixed Cells (1999)

We developed a protocol to objectively quantify, via image analysis, the results of antigen retrieval (AR) maneuvers on immunohistochemical results for detection of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in paraffin embedded test samples. Two carcinoma cell lines, KB 3-1 and KB V-1 (previously described non-expresser and high expresser of P-glycoprotein, respectively), were harvested, fixed for 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hr in formalin, placed in collodion bags, embedded into a single paraffin block, subjected to various antigen retrieval techniques, and stained with the anti-P-gp antibody C494. The amount of immunostaining was quantitated with the CAS 2.0 cell measurement program and optical density ratios were compared between the positive and negative cell lines. In overfixed cells (48 hr, 10% formalin), AR with microwaves and/or trypsin or other enzymes proved effective in optimizing P-gp detection as evidenced by an increased optical density ratio. In contrast, quantitation of staining of optimally fixed cells (4 hr in 10% formalin) demonstrated that AR decreased the optical density ratio. A postfixation step after the primary antibody also served to decrease the optical density ratio, via an increase in noise in the non-expressing cell. The use of optical density analysis by image computerization allowed objective, exquisitely sensitive, quantitative assessment of AR methods. (The J Histotechnol 22:9, 1999)
End-to-end Hand Mesh Recovery from a Monocular RGB Image (2019)

In this paper, we present a HAnd Mesh Recovery (HAMR) framework to tackle the problem of reconstructing the full 3D mesh of a human hand from a single RGB image. In contrast to existing research on 2D or 3D hand pose estimation from RGB or/and depth image data, HAMR can provide a more expressive and useful mesh representation for monocular hand image understanding. In particular, the mesh representation is achieved by parameterizing a generic 3D hand model with shape and relative 3D joint angles. By utilizing this mesh representation, we can easily compute the 3D joint locations via linear interpolations between the vertexes of the mesh, while obtain the 2D joint locations with a projection of the 3D joints.To this end, a differentiable re-projection loss can be defined in terms of the derived representations and the ground-truth labels, thus making our framework end-to-end trainable.Qualitative experiments show that our framework is capable of recovering appealing 3D hand mesh even in the presence of severe occlusions.Quantitatively, our approach also outperforms the state-of-the-art methods for both 2D and 3D hand pose estimation from a monocular RGB image on several benchmark datasets.
Sortir de la pandémie de COVID-19 grâce au vaccin à ARNm (2021)

Dans la course au vaccin contre le SRAS-CoV-2, le format d’ARN messager synthétique s’est avéré le plus rapide. Il s’est également prouvé sûr et très efficace, même à la très faible dose de quelques microgrammes par injection.
Silicon-based nanocomposite for advanced thin film anodes in lithium-ion batteries (2011)

This work describes the preparation and the characterization of Si-based nano-composite anodes. The samples are prepared by a unique combination of two techniques: Laser Assisted Chemical Vapor Pyrolysis and Electrospray Deposition. The former is used to synthesize the active material, while the latter is employed for the deposition of thin electrode layers onto stainless steel supports. The silicon nano-particles characterization indicates a well-defined crystalline structure and a homogeneous, spherical-like morphology. The electrochemical measurements performed using the silicon-based electrode in the lithium cell show a maximum specific capacity of the order of 1200 mA h g−1 and a good rate capability. The initial irreversible capacity associated with this class of materials is strongly reduced by preliminary surface treatment. The morphology changes upon cycling are minimal and no extended fractures are observed for the cycled electrodes, thus finally indicating the validity of our silicon based electrode as an anode for advanced lithium-ion batteries.
Induction of Salicylic Acid Production in Pepper by Yeast Cell Wall Extract (2012)

효모추출물 4 mg/mL를 고추유묘에 경엽 및 뿌리 관주처리 24시간 후에 salicylic acid(SA)함량을 ultra high performance liquid chromatography(UHPLC)분석방법으로 측정한 결과 yeast cell wall extract(YCWE)처리구에서 대조구의 SA처리구와 동일한 peak가 검출되어 SA가 생성 유도 되는 것으로 확인 되었다. SA는 YCWE를 경엽처리 48시간 후 20.29 <TEX>${\mu}g/g$</TEX>으로 가장 높게 나타났으며 관주처리보다 약 3.7배의 높은 SA검출함량을 보였으나 처리 후 72시간부터는 점차적으로 SA함량이 감소하는 양상을 보였다. Yeast cell wall extract (YCWE) was treated on leaves and roots of pepper seedlings at the dosage of 4 mg/mL and salicylic acid (SA) production in pepper was detected by ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). The SA production in pepper stem was induced by YCWE. SA was produced at the highest level of 20.29 <TEX>${\mu}g/g$</TEX> after 48 hrs of foliar spray with YCWE, which is 3.7 times higher than that of root perfusion with YCWM. SA production was gradually reduced after 72 hrs of YCWE treatment.
The World as a User Interface: Augmented Reality for Ubiquitous Computing. (2007)

We discuss the possibilities of augmented reality (AR) as a ubiquitous user interface to the real world. A mobile AR system can constantly provide guidance to its user through visual annotation of the physical environment. The first part of the paper discusses the necessary ingredients for ubiquitous AR, on which we have worked in the recent past, namely mobile AR hardware, wide area tracking, unobtrusive user interfaces, application prototypes, and geographic data models suitable for AR. The second part of the paper examines future requirements of such data models in greater detail. Based on the lessons learned in our previous work, we identify shortcoming of existing standards for geographic information systems and visualization models. Ubiquitous AR requires independence of the data model from specific applications and their implicit assumptions. A semantic network model of geo-referenced data provides such a data model. We examine how such a model fits the requirements of AR applications, and how it can be implemented in practice.
Enzymatic approach to the synthesis of a lysine-containing sweet peptide, N-acetyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-lysine. (1989)

A sweet tasting peptide containing the L-lysine residue, N-acetyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-lysine, was synthesized from N-acetyl-L-phenylalanine ethyl ester (Ac-Phe-OEt) as donor and L-lysine esters as acceptor nucleophiles by an α-chymotrypsin catalyzed reaction. It was revealed by HPLC analysis that the reaction proceeded most satisfactorily at pH 9 within 3 min in a reaction system containing 100 mM Ac-Phe-OEt, equimolar esters of lysine and 10 JIM of the enzyme, where the product yield based on the donor concentration was 53 % for ethyl, 67 % for n-butyl and 31 % for benzyl esters. The highest reaction yield (75 %) was attained by using a double molar excess of lysine n-butyl ester. The present results suggest that α-chymotrypsin may become a useful tool for the synthesis of peptides containing basic amino acids.
Use of a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor for the Determination of Electrospray Response Factors and Its Application to Underivatized Sugars Under Various Solvent Parameters (2018)

The relationship between the electrospray ionization (ESI)-mass spectrometric (MS) response of an analyte and its concentration has been well studied for permanently charged and basic analytes in the positive ionization mode, but there has been a lack of research effort for other analytes, and for the negative ionization mode, in general. In this study, this relationship was investigated for various adducts and deprotonated species of glucose, sucrose, and raffinose using a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) coupled with ESI-tandem MS to obtain a continuum of response factors across a wide concentration range in both the positive and negative ionization modes with a single injection under 18 different combinations of solvents and additives. Profiles of response factors vs. concentrations varied widely and were dependent upon the analyte and solvent parameters. The use of ammonium trifluoroacetate resulted in the highest response factors for methanol-based and acetonitrile-based solvents in the positive and negative ionization modes, respectively. Ammonium acetate, ammonium formate, and sodium chloride in 80:20 acetonitrile:water in the negative ionization mode resulted in good linearities, useful for quantitative analysis. In the positive ionization mode, response factors tended to increase with an increase in the molecular weight of the analyte, and acetonitrile was generally found to decrease response factors. We have also demonstrated the ability of CSTR-ESI-MS to visualize ionization suppression in the presence of co-analytes. These data should be useful for liquid chromatography-ESI-MS method development for sugar analysis, to help guide the choice of mobile phase that will result in high sensitivity and linearity. Graphical Abstract.
Preliminary Intravital Microscopic Analysis Reveals Specific Monocyte Uptake of Circulating Nanotubes and Peptide-Dependent Delivery into Tumor (2012)

Nanoparticle targeting efficiency to tumor is poor and not well-understood. Applying intravital microscopy in a mouse-model to interrogate vasculature-targeted nanotubes, we found that monocytes specifically take up nanotubes and are programmed to enter tumor.
Experimental Analysis of Lithium Ion Batteries for Low Earth Orbit CubeSat Applications (2020)

Three groups of 18-65 cylindrical lithium-ion cells with different positive active materials (NCA -nickel cobalt aluminium, NMC -nickel manganese cobalt, LFP -lithium iron phosphate) and electrode designs (high power, high energy) were tested using an accelerated low earth orbit (LEO) CubeSat power profile cycle. Each design yields a unique energy density, power capability and cycle life. Each cell type was tested in a 3P group configuration at 10 C under hard vacuum (~0.2 kPa) and atmospheric pressure (~101 kPa). Cells groups were operated in their respective ambient condition until they failed to successfully execute the accelerated LEO cycle. In atmospheric and vacuum pressure, both NMC groups failed due to internal resistance growth. The atmospheric pressure NCA group failed due to excessive internal gas build-up causing the CID (current interrupt device). The NCA group in vacuum pressure has completed approximately 2,680 orbits or 505 equivalent 100% SoC cycles and is still operational showing 25% capacity degradation from its initial capacity. The LFP groups both in vacuum and atmospheric pressure have completed approximately 2,680 orbits or 1,730 equivalent 100% SoC cycles and are still operational with both showing 13% capacity degradation from their initial capacity.
Wavelet features for improved tumour detection in DCE-MRI (2004)

In applications for automatic tumour detection using DCE-MR-Images it is often a problem to\ndistinguish the dynamic enhancement of tumour tissue, i.e. the relevant information, from other enhancing\ntissues. In this work we propose the use of a wavelet-filtering approach to characterise different enhancement\nbehaviour.
Compiler techniques for code compaction (2000)

In recent years there has been an increasing trend toward the incorpor ation of computers into a variety of devices where the amount of memory available is limited. This makes it desirable to try to reduce the size of applications where possible. This article explores the use of compiler techniques to accomplish code compaction to yield smaller executables. The main contribution of this article is to show that careful, aggressive, interprocedural optimization, together with procedural abstraction of repeated code fragments, can yield significantly better reductions in code size than previous approaches, which have generally focused on abstraction of repeated instruction sequences. We also show how “equivalent” code fragments can be detected and factored out using conventional compiler techniques, and without having to resort to purely linear treatments of code sequences as in suffix-tree-based approaches, thereby setting up a framework for code compaction that can be more flexible in its treatment of what code fragments are considered equivalent. Our ideas have been implemented in the form of a binary-rewriting tool that reduces the size of executables by about 30% on the average.
Location registration capacity in the IMT-2000 network (2002)

We present the location registration (LR) processing capacity of wireless ATM (W-ATM) switching system in the IMT-2000 network. The W-ATM switching system consists of several processors and an inter-processor communication network. The system handles the call and mobility (LR and handover) functions. The two types (intra-visitor location register (VLR) and inter-VLR) of LR, and fixed detach traffic are considered. Simulation is carried out to calculate the LR processing capacity. For the performance parameters, we adopt the utilization rate, waiting time and queue length in each processor. Additionally, we compute the delay times for LR processing and compare them with grade of service criteria. From the results, it is estimated that the LR processing capacity is 153,000 LRs/hour where the utilization rate of the location management processor is 40%, ratio for the type of LR is intra-VLR: inter-VLR=60:40% and average message processing time of the processor is 0.2 msec.
Implementing XML Schema Naming and Design Rules (2006)

Plant toxins are known to cause acute kidney injury in tropical countries. We report two cases of acute kidney injury with tubular oxalate deposition following ingestion of Averrhoa bilimbi fruit juice. Both patients had complete renal recovery though one required dialytic support.
Optimum Discrete Phase-Only Transmit Beamforming With Antenna Selection (2014)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Lisbon, Portugal, 2014