gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acute Uterine Bleeding Unrelated to Pregnancy: A Southern California Permanente Medical Group Practice Guideline (2013)

Acute uterine bleeding unrelated to pregnancy has been defined as bleeding "sufficient in volume as to, in the opinion of the treating clinician, require urgent or emergent intervention." The Southern California Permanente Medical Group updated its guidelines for the management of this condition on the basis of the best available evidence, as identified in a systematic review of the available literature. Given the paucity of studies evaluating this condition, the guidelines, by necessity, include recommendations largely based on opinion or other sources such as case series that are, in general, categorized as low-quality evidence. Medical interventions with single or combined gonadal steroidal agents administered parenterally or orally show promise, but more high-quality studies are needed to better define the appropriate drugs, dose, and administrative scheduling. There is also some evidence that intrauterine tamponade may be useful in at least selected cases. Special attention must be paid to both diagnosing and treating inherited disorders of hemostasis, such as von Willebrand disease, that may otherwise be underdiagnosed in both adolescent and adult women.
The 2015 sheffield system for longitudinal diarisation of broadcast media (2015)

Speaker diarisation is the task of answering "who spoke when" within a multi-speaker audio recording. Diarisation of broadcast media typically operates on individual television shows, and is a particularly difficult task, due to a high number of speakers and challenging background conditions. Using prior knowledge, such as that from previous shows in a series, can improve performance. Longitudinal diarisation allows to use knowledge from previous audio files to improve performance, but requires finding matching speakers across consecutive files. This paper describes the University of Sheffield system for participation in the 2015 Multi-Genre Broadcast (MGB) challenge. The challenge required longitudinal diarisation of data from BBC archives, under very constrained resource settings. Our system consists of three main stages: speech activity detection using DNNs with novel adaptation and decoding methods; speaker segmentation and clustering, with adaptation of the DNN-based clustering models; and finally speaker linking to match speakers across shows. The final result on the development set of 19 shows from five different television series provided a Diarisation Error Rate of 50.77% in the diarisation and linking task.
Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit STEPHEN HOULGATE London: Bloomsbury, 2013; 217 pp.; $16.95 (paper) (2015)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
The Relation of Retinal Vessel Caliber to the Incidence and Progressionof Diabetic Retinopathy (2004)

Larger arteriolar and venular caliber, independent of retinopathy severity level, is related to the progression of retinopathy, and larger venular caliber is associated with the 4-year incidence of proliferative retinopathy. Caliber of retinal vessels is not associated with incident retinopathy. These data suggest a quantitative measure of retinal vascular caliber provides additional information regarding risk for progression of retinopathy.
Arbitrary Constellations with Coded Maximum Ratio Transmission over Downlink Nakagami-m Fading Channels (2016)

There has been a rejuvenated interest in the use of arbitrary constellations (non-equally spaced) after promising performance results were demonstrated compared to conventional grid and circular constellations. To enable the development of such constellations, in this contribution we derive an upper bound bit-error-rate (BER) expressions for coded transmit maximum ratio combining (TMRC) systems operating in Nakagami-\textit{m} fading environments with arbitrary constellations and encoder types. Unlike most existing works on error performance analysis for coded systems, a chosen pair of constellation and encoder need not be quasi-regular. Furthermore, the system model includes a provision for multiple orthogonal transmission phases with different number of transmit antennas. Simulation results demonstrate the accuracy of the derived analytical results for a range of system scenarios.
MPEG-2 video watermarking using quantization index modulation (2010)

Several video watermarking schemes have been proposed in recent years, but most of them are applied to uncompressed video. In this paper, a compressed video watermarking procedure is proposed to reduce the number of computations. In a video frame, luminance component contains more crucial information than chrominance. Also P-frames appear more frequently in the compressed video and therefore have higher watermark hiding capacity. In MPEG videos, the direct coefficient (DC) of chroma discrete cosine transform (DCT) in P frame of video is a parameter which always exists in video streams and has a high robustness. The proposed algorithm embeds the watermark data in DC component of chroma DCT of video P frames using QIM. The quality and robustness of watermarked video is evaluated under various attacks.
Supplementary Figure Legend from The DREAM Complex Mediates GIST Cell Quiescence and Is a Novel Therapeutic Target to Enhance Imatinib-Induced Apoptosis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 70K&lt;/p&gt;
Passively Addressable Ultra-Low Volume Sweat Chloride Sensor (2019)

This work demonstrates a novel electrochemical biosensor for the detection of chloride ion levels in ultra-low volumes (1-3 microliters) of passively expressed human sweat. We present here a hydration monitor that the pediatric, geriatric, and other immune-compromised or physically inactive/sedentary population cohort can utilize, for whom the current methods of chloride quantification of active stimulation of sweat glands through iontophoresis or treadmill runs are unsuitable. In this work, non-faradaic electroanalysis using gold microelectrodes deposited on a flexible nanoporous substrate, for high nanoscale surface area to volume enhancement, was leveraged to operate in ultra-low sweat volumes of <3 µL eluted at natural rates. The specific chloride ionophore-based affinity of chloride ions resulted in the modulation of charge transfer within the electrical double layer at the electrode-sweat buffer interface, which was transduced using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and chronoamperometry (CA). Linear calibration dose responses with R-squared values of 0.9746 and 0.9403 for EIS and CA respectively were obtained for a dynamic range of 10-100 mM. The surface charge and the binding chemistry of the capture probe were studied using zeta potential studies and UV-Vis. The dynamic sweat chloride-tracking capability of the sensor was evaluated for a duration of 180 min. Studies were conducted to probe the efficacy of the developed sensor for passive ultra-low sweat chloride assessment on human subjects (n = 3).
Specific Intrachain Introduction of Reporter Groups into Oligonucleotides as Substituents at Internucleotidic Linkages (1991)

Abstract Two routes to the introduction of biotin labels into oligonucleotides via an intrachain phosphotriester linkage are described. A “loop linker” was prepared on this basis for attachment of ds DNA to an avidin-coated solid phase.
Characterization of (111)-oriented epitaxial (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3thick films deposited by hydrothermal method (2017)

(111)-oriented epitaxial (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 films of 2 µm thickness were deposited at 240 °C on (111)cSrRuO3//(111)SrTiO3 substrates by a hydrothermal method. Scanning transmission electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDS) mapping revealed that a K-rich interfacial region existed in the obtained films. Although the as-deposited films were annealed between 240 and 600 °C in O2 atmosphere, the crystal structure did not markedly change. On the other hand, the leakage current density drastically decreased from 10−2–100 to 10−6 A/cm2 at ±80 kV/cm after annealing above 240 °C. In addition, the relative dielectric constant (εr), remanent polarization (Pr), and piezoelectric constant (d33,PFM) increased with increasing annealing temperature from 300 to 600 °C, and their values were respectively 840, 5.7 µC/cm2, and 64 pm/V for the films annealed at 600 °C.
Revival of Classical Vortex Generators Now for Transition Delay (2012)

Classical vortex generators, known for their efficiency in delaying or even inhibiting boundary layer separation, are here shown to be coveted devices for transition to turbulence delay. The present devices are miniature with respect to classical vortex generators but are tremendously powerful in modulating the laminar boundary layer in the direction orthogonal to the base flow and parallel to the surface. The modulation generates an additional term in the perturbation energy equation, which counteracts the wall-normal production term and, hence, stabilizes the flow. Our experimental results show that these devices are really effective in delaying transition, but we also reveal their Achilles' heel.
Une aventure romanesque du Siège de Barbastre : La joute dans le verger (2002)

Ion Despina. Une aventure romanesque du Siège de Barbastre : La joute dans le verger. In: Littérales, n°31, 2002. Le romanesque dans l'épique. pp. 129-144.
Adjuvant Effects of ι, κ, and λ Carrageenans on Antibody Production in BALB/c Mice (1983)

Carrageenan, in its three fractionated forms iota, kappa and lambda, is able to stimulate in BALB/c mice the production of IgE, IgGl and those antibodies producing passive hemagglutination to ovalbumin. The adjuvant effect of carrageenan is more evident in the secondary response, and the iota form is more effective than the kappa and the lambda forms. The data are compatible with the possibility that adjuvanticity of carrageenan can be, at least partly, correlated to its antimacrophage activity.
Storing Renewable Energy in the Hydrogen Cycle (2015)

An energy economy based on renewable energy requires massive energy storage, approx. half of the annual energy consumption. Therefore, the production of a synthetic energy carrier, e.g. hydrogen, is necessary. The hydrogen cycle, i.e. production of hydrogen from water by renewable energy, storage and use of hydrogen in fuel cells, combustion engines or turbines is a closed cycle. Electrolysis splits water into hydrogen and oxygen and represents a mature technology in the power range up to 100 kW. However, the major technological challenge is to build electrolyzers in the power range of several MW producing high purity hydrogen with a high efficiency. After the production of hydrogen, large scale and safe hydrogen storage is required. Hydrogen is stored either as a molecule or as an atom in the case of hydrides. The maximum volumetric hydrogen density of a molecular hydrogen storage is limited to the density of liquid hydrogen. In a complex hydride the hydrogen density is limited to 20 mass% and 150 kg/m(3) which corresponds to twice the density of liquid hydrogen. Current research focuses on the investigation of new storage materials based on combinations of complex hydrides with amides and the understanding of the hydrogen sorption mechanism in order to better control the reaction for the hydrogen storage applications.
Vardenafil limits infarction at reperfusion in isolated rat hearts dependent on guanylyl cyclase and PKG (2007)

The type 5 phosphodiesterase inhibitor vardenafil (VAR) reduces myocardial infarct size following ischemia/ reperfusion injury when applied prior to ischemia or at reperfusion in models of in situ hearts. Little is known about the underlying protective signaling. Here, we test whether VAR is protective in a cell model of calcium stress as well as in isolated rat hearts. HL-1 cardiomyocytes were loaded with tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester (TMRE, 100 nM) which causes cells to fluoresce proportional to their mitochondrial membrane potential (Ψm). A reduction of fluorescence serves as an indicator of collapse of Ψm, and, presumably to permeability transition pore (mPTP) formation. Cells were subjected to the calcium ionophore calcimycin (CAL) (100 μM) which causes mPTP formation due to calcium overload. Fluorescence intensity was measured after 80 minutes of calcium stress with FACS technique. Treatment with CAL reduced the mean cell fluorescence (903 ± 28 arbitrary units (a.u.), vs. 548 ± 29 a.u. in untreated cells, p < 0.001) while VAR (1 nM) could protect the cells (698 ± 40 a.u., p < 0.001). This protection could be blocked by either the guanylyl cyclase (GC) inhibitor ODQ (20 μM) (519 ± 41 a.u.) or the protein kinase G blocker KT5823 (1 μM) (513 ± 22 a.u.), while inhibition of NO-synthase with L-NAME had no effect. To further support the results, isolated rat hearts were subjected to 30 min regional ischemia followed by 120 min reperfusion. As expected, VAR (10 nM) at 5 min prior to reperfusion reduced infarct size as percentage of the ischemic zone from 46.6 ± 2.1% in control hearts to 26.2 ± 2.7% (p < 0.001). This protective effect could be blocked with co-administration of ODQ (43.9 ± 2.2%), while LNAME was not effective, confirming a role for GC but not for NOS in VAR's protection. Taken together, these results further support the hypothesis that PDE-5 inhibitors induce protective effects in the ischemic heart in addition to their well known clinical effects in the treatment of erectile dysfunction in men. from 3rd International Conference on cGMP Generators, Effectors and Therapeutic Implications Dresden, Germany. 15–17 June 2007 Published: 25 July 2007
Investigating Drivers of Antireward in Addiction Behavior with Anatomically Specific Single-Cell Gene Expression Methods (2022)

Increasing rates of addiction behavior have motivated mental health researchers and clinicians alike to understand antireward and recovery. This shift away from reward and commencement necessitates novel perspectives, paradigms, and hypotheses along with an expansion of the methods applied to investigate addiction. Here, we provide an example: A systems biology approach to investigate antireward that combines laser capture microdissection (LCM) and high-throughput microfluidic reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reactions (RT-qPCR). Gene expression network dynamics were measured and a key driver of neurovisceral dysregulation in alcohol and opioid withdrawal, neuroinflammation, was identified. This combination of technologies provides anatomic and phenotypic specificity at single-cell resolution with high-throughput sensitivity and specific gene expression measures yielding both hypothesis-generating datasets and mechanistic possibilities that generate opportunities for novel insights and treatments.
Strategy for a Concrete Overlay of a Commercial Service Runway without Daytime Closure (2018)

Many single runway commercial service airports and airports with highly congested multiple runway have a dilemma when trying to rehabilitate their runways. The dilemma is how to minimize the disruption to airlines and passengers by reducing runway closures while keeping the revenue stream constant. We are proposing a new method of nighttime structural overlay of either asphalt or portland cement runways using a fast setting, belitic calcium sulfoaluminate (BCSA) cement. The rapid strength gain properties of BCSA cement concrete make this strategy feasible. The difficulty is not in the concrete placement, but rather in the reconstruction process in short 5 to 8 hour runway closures. Concrete removal is one of the most time-consuming portions of the reconstruction process. If the old concrete or asphalt did not have to be removed but simply overlaid with new BCSA concrete, more production could be accomplished each closure window.
Step-Economical Photoassisted Diversity-Oriented Synthesis: Sustaining Cascade Photoreactions in Oxalyl Anilides to Access Complex Polyheterocyclic Molecular Architectures (2017)

Atom- and step-economy in photoassisted diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) is achieved with a versatile oxalyl linker offering rapid access to complex alkaloid mimics in very few experimentally simple steps: (i) it allows for fast tethering of the photoactive core to the unsaturated pendants, especially important in the case of (hetero)aromatic amines-essentially a one-pot reaction with no isolation of intermediates; (ii) the α-dicarbonyl tether acts as a chromophore enhancer, extending the conjugation chain and facilitating the "harvest" of the lower energy photons for the primary and secondary photoreactions; (iii) it enhances the quantum yield of intersystem crossing (ISC), i.e., it is capable of sensitizing secondary photochemical processes in the cascade; and (iv) the tether forms an additional heterocyclic moiety, imidazolidine-4,5-dione, a known pharmacophore. The overall photoassisted cascade is an efficient complexity-building process as quantified by computed step-normalized complexity indices, leading to extended polyheterocyclic molecular architectures comparable in complexity to natural products such as paclitaxel while requiring only 2-4 simple synthetic steps from readily available chemical feedstock.
(SWR x SJL)F1 mice: a new model of lupus-like disease. (1994)

During the study of autoimmune models we found that (SWR x SJL)F1 mice (both parental strains with the V beta a phenotype) spontaneously produced immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies directed against Sm/U1 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs). In some of these females, the presence of these autoantibodies was found as early as 10 wk of age. Their frequency increased with age i.e., 70% at 40 wk. At that time, only 10% of males developed anti-Sm/U1snRNP antibodies. Anti-Sm/U1snRNP antibodies from positive mice generally recognized the peptides BB', D, 70 kD, and A from RNPs. These polypeptides are known to bear the autoantigenic epitopes that are recognized by human sera containing anti-Sm and anti-U1snRNP antibodies. Reactivity of IgG antibodies with the octapeptide sequence PPPGMRPP was also found in 30% of anti-Sm/U1snRNP positive (SWR x SJL)F1 mice that precipitated BB' peptides. This octapeptide has been described as the most immunoreactive linear epitope in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with anti-Sm and anti-U1snRNP antibodies. Approximately 30% of anti-Sn/U1snRNP positive females, later produced anti-dsDNA antibodies. This fact was accompanied by the development of proteinuria due to glomerulonephritis mediated by immunocomplexes. In addition to the specific autoimmune response, (SWR x SJL)F1 females also showed other immunologic abnormalities such as hypergammaglobulinemia, and an approximately twofold increase in spleen cell number compared with control mice. These results indicate that (SWR x SJL)F1 females develop clinical and serological abnormalities similar to those observed in human SLE and constitute a novel model for the study of the genetic mechanisms that result in autoimmunity.
Enzyme‐Compatible Dynamic Nanoreactors from Electrostatically Bridged Like‐Charged Surfactants and Polyelectrolytes (2018)

Reported is an unanticipated mechanism of attractive electrostatic interactions of fully neutralized polyacrylic acid (PAA) with like-charged surfactants. Amphiphilic polymer-surfactant complexes with high interfacial activity and a solubilization capacity exceeding that of conventional micelles are formed by bridging with Ca<sup>2+</sup> ions. Incorporation of a protease into such dynamic nanoreactors results in a synergistically enhanced cleaning performance because of the improved solubilization of poorly water-soluble immobilized proteins. Competitive interfacial and intermolecular interactions on different time- and length-scales have been resolved using colorimetric analysis, dynamic tensiometry, light scattering, and molecular dynamic simulations. The discovered bridging association mechanism suggests reengineering of surfactant/polymer/enzyme formulations of modern detergents and opens new opportunities in advancing labile delivery systems.
IFN-γ Negatively Modulates Self-Renewal of Repopulating Human Hemopoietic Stem Cells (2005)

Whereas multiple growth-promoting cytokines have been demonstrated to be involved in regulation of the hemopoietic stem cell (HSC) pool, the potential role of negative regulators is less clear. However, IFN-gamma, if overexpressed, can mediate bone marrow suppression and has been directly implicated in a number of bone marrow failure syndromes, including graft-vs-host disease. Whether IFN-gamma might directly affect the function of repopulating HSCs has, however, not been investigated. In the present study, we used in vitro conditions promoting self-renewing divisions of human HSCs to investigate the effect of IFN-gamma on HSC maintenance and function. Although purified cord blood CD34(+)CD38(-) cells underwent cell divisions in the presence of IFN-gamma, cycling HSCs exposed to IFN-gamma in vitro were severely compromised in their ability to reconstitute long-term cultures in vitro and multilineage engraft NOD-SCID mice in vivo (>90% reduced activity in both HSC assays). In vitro studies suggested that IFN-gamma accelerated differentiation of targeted human stem and progenitor cells. These results demonstrate that IFN-gamma can negatively affect human HSC self-renewal.
MSJ852092_supplementary_material – Supplemental material for T cells producing GM-CSF and IL-13 are enriched in the cerebrospinal fluid of relapsing MS patients (2019)

Supplemental material, MSJ852092_supplementary_material for T cells producing GM-CSF and IL-13 are enriched in the cerebrospinal fluid of relapsing MS patients by Laura Ghezzi, Claudia Cantoni, Francesca Cignarella, Bryan Bollman, Anne H Cross, Amber Salter, Daniela Galimberti, Marina Cella and Laura Piccio in Multiple Sclerosis Journal
Detecting and Measuring the Polarization Effects of Adversarial Botnets on Twitter (2023)

In this paper we use a Twitter dataset collected between December 8, 2021 and February 18, 2022 towards the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine to design a data processing pipeline featuring a high accuracy Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) based political camp classifier, a botnet detection algorithm and a robust measure of botnet effects. Our experiments reveal that while the pro-Russian botnet contributes significantly to network polarization, the pro-Ukrainian botnet contributes with moderating effects. In order to understand the factors leading to different effects, we analyze the interactions between the botnets and the barrier-crossing vs. barrier-bound users on their own camps. We observe that, where as the pro-Russian botnet amplifies barrier-bound partisan users on their own camp majority of the time, the pro-Ukrainian botnet amplifies barrier-crossing users on their own camp alongside themselves majority of the time.
Excellent Results After Bone Grafting and K-Wire Fixation for Scaphoid Nonunion Surgery in Skeletally Immature Patients (2012)

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.