gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effective Modulation of Quadratic Voltage Coefficient of Capacitance in MIM Capacitors Using $\hbox{Sm}_{2}\hbox{O}_{3}/\hbox{SiO}_{2}$ Dielectric Stack (2009)

We report the first demonstration of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors with Sm <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> /SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> stacked dielectrics for precision analog circuit applications. By using the ldquocanceling effectrdquo of the positive quadratic voltage coefficient of capacitance (VCC) of Sm <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> and the negative quadratic VCC of SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , MIM capacitors with capacitance density exceeding 7.3 fF/mum <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , quadratic VCC of around -50 ppm/V <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and leakage current density of 1 times 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-7</sup> A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at +3.3 V are successfully demonstrated. The obtained capacitance density and quadratic VCC satisfy the technical requirements specified in the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors through the year 2013 for MIM capacitors to be used in precision analog circuit applications.
Strains for production of solvents from wood product stream carbohydrates (1983)

Wood product streams are the major US source of collected, concentrated, biomass-derived sugars. These streams include pulping liquors, wood-washing liquors, hydrolyzates, and fines streams. With the exception of ethanol production from weak acid sulfite liquor during WWII, these streams have not been used as fermentation feeds due to a variety of toxicants and high salts levels. A number of bacterial strains capable of fermenting wood product stream carbohydrates have been selected by a combination of enrichment culture media. The fermentation patterns of selected strains on wood product stream carbohydrates and wood product stream, wood molasses, which as a high level of toxicants, have been evaluated.
The Specificity of the S1 and S2 Subsites of Elastase (1979)

Esters of tetrapeptides of the general formula ethoxycarbonyl-prolyl-alanyl-X-Y where either X or Y was an alanine residue were synthesised and their cleavage by elastase studied. It was found that variation of the alcohol moiety between methyl, cyclohexyl and nitrophenyl residues had no effect on the catalytic rate constant for cleavage of ethoxycarbonyl-prolyl-dialanyl-alanine esters demonstrating that acylation is much faster than deacylation for this system and also that non-productive binding is not kinetically significant. The effect of changing the amino acid residue in position X was small compared with that of change in position Y. The presence of valine and serine residues in position Y produced the highest specificity constant but the highest catalytic rate constant was found for a leucine residue in this position. The results are discussed in terms of the binding of the substrate to the enzyme.
Gibbs Recursive Sampler: finding transcription factor binding sites (2003)

The Gibbs Motif Sampler is a software package for locating common elements in collections of biopolymer sequences. In this paper we describe a new variation of the Gibbs Motif Sampler, the Gibbs Recursive Sampler, which has been developed specifically for locating multiple transcription factor binding sites for multiple transcription factors simultaneously in unaligned DNA sequences that may be heterogeneous in DNA composition. Here we describe the basic operation of the web-based version of this sampler. The sampler may be acces-sed at http://bayesweb.wadsworth.org/gibbs/gibbs.html and at http://www.bioinfo.rpi.edu/applications/bayesian/gibbs/gibbs.html. An online user guide is available at http://bayesweb.wadsworth.org/gibbs/bernoulli.html and at http://www.bioinfo.rpi.edu/applications/bayesian/gibbs/manual/bernoulli.html. Solaris, Solaris.x86 and Linux versions of the sampler are available as stand-alone programs for academic and not-for-profit users. Commercial licenses are also available. The Gibbs Recursive Sampler is distributed in accordance with the ISCB level 0 guidelines and a requirement for citation of use in scientific publications.
Differential LC−MS-Based Proteomics of Surgical Human Cholangiocarcinoma Tissues (2009)

Cholangiocarcinoma is an intractable cancer for which there is no effective therapy other than surgical resection, and many patients are not candidates for this treatment. Even for patients who undergo surgical resection, the 5-year survival rate is low. One reason for this is that the disease is often detected in late stages. Thus, there is a clear need for better biomarkers to facilitate early diagnosis and prognostication. During the biomarker discovery phase of our study, we used LC-MS-based proteomics with spectral counting, a semiquantitative approach to differential expression profiling, in paired cancerous and normal bile duct tissue samples from two cases. In total, 38 proteins up-regulated in the cancer samples were identified. These were verified using a SILAC method for MS-based validation. The results led to the identification of well-characterized proteins and proteins of unknown function that are up-regulated in cholangiocarcinoma. We used immunoblot analysis to validate four candidate biomarkers, actinin-1, actinin-4, protein DJ-1 and cathepsin B, with the test case samples and four additional cholangiocarcinoma case samples. Each of the four candidate proteins was overexpressed in a subset of five of the six cases tested. By immunohistochemistry, we further confirmed that expression of these proteins was elevated in cancer cells as compared with normal bile duct cells. Thus, we successfully identified several proteins up-regulated in cholangiocarcinoma. These proteins are candidate biomarkers and may also help to provide new insights into our understanding of the disease.
Chirality-Selective Functionalization of Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes with a Reactivity-Switchable Molecule (2017)

Chirality-selective functionalization of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) has been a difficult synthetic goal for more than a decade. Here we describe an on-demand covalent chemistry to address this intriguing challenge. Our approach involves the synthesis and isolation of a chemically inert diazoether isomer that can be switched to its reactive form in situ by modulation of the thermodynamic barrier to isomerization with pH and visible light that resonates with the optical frequency of the nanotube. We found that it is possible to completely inhibit the reaction in the absence of light, as determined by the limit of sensitive defect photoluminescence (less than 0.01% of the carbon atoms are bonded to a functional group). This optically driven diazoether chemistry makes it possible to selectively functionalize a specific SWCNT chirality within a mixture. Even for two chiralities that are nearly identical in diameter and electronic structure, (6,5)- and (7,3)-SWCNTs, we are able to activate the diazoether compound to functionalize the less reactive (7,3)-SWCNTs, driving the chemical reaction to near exclusion of the (6,5)-SWCNTs. This work opens opportunities to chemically tailor SWCNTs at the single chirality level for nanotube sorting, on-chip passivation, and nanoscale lithography.
Combined volume control set-piggyback system for intermittent intravenous therapy (1975)

A new method for intermittent administration of i.v. fluids which maintains the advantages of the piggyback system but at a lower cost than the piggyback system is described. The system uses a volume control chamber as a replacement for a minibag or minibottle to deliver doses of different medications. The volume control set, when attached in the prescribed fashion, permits the flow from the primary i.v. solution to resume automatically when the volume control chamber is empty. One large-volume container of i.v. fluid can be used to dilute many doses of different drugs in the volume control chamber rather than one small-volume container per dose. No significant difficulties have been encountered with the mechanics of the system, and nursing response has been favorable.
Isolation and mapping of a polymorphic DNA sequence (pEFD52.1) on chromosome 15 [DlSS44] (1988)

A 2.3 kb TaqI fragment from cosmid EFD52 was subcloned into the AccI site of pUC18. QLXMQBflIISM: MspI identifies a three allele polymorphism (Ml : 2.1 kb, M2 : 1.4 + 0.7 kb) without a constant band. FQEOUENCY: Estimated from 107 unrelated Caucasians.
Muscle free amino acid profiles are related to differences in skeletal muscle growth between single and twin ovine fetuses near term (2013)

Twin sheep fetuses have reduced skeletal muscle weight near birth relative to singles as a result of restricted muscle hypertrophy. Intracellular free amino acids (FAA) are reported to regulate metabolic pathways which control muscle protein accretion, whereby reduced intracellular content of specific FAA may reduce their activation and therefore, muscle hypertrophy. The aim of this study was to determine whether differences in muscle weight between singleton and twin fetuses, under different maternal conditions is associated with reduced concentration of specific FAA. The FAA content in the semitendinosus muscle (ST) in singleton and twin fetuses (rank) at 140 days of gestation from heavy (H) or light (L) ewes fed ad libitum (A) or maintenance (M) level of nutrition was measured. Muscle weight was reduced in twin fetuses compared to singletons in all groups. Reduced concentrations of leucine, threonine and valine, but higher concentrations of methionine, ornithine, lysine and serine were found in twin fetuses compared to singletons. Maternal size and nutrition interaction with rank resulted in reduced glutamine in twins from HM-ewes (H-ewes under M nutrition) compared to their singleton counterparts. Maternal weight interaction with pregnancy rank reduced the concentration of arginine in twins, with a larger effect on H-ewes compared with L-ewes. Maternal size interaction with pregnancy rank resulted in twins from M-ewes to have lower alanine, while twins from A-ewes had lower aspartic acid concentration compared to singletons. The ST muscle weight was positively correlated only with arginine concentration after taking into account rank, size and nutrition. The present results indicate that reduced concentrations of specific intracellular FAA, such as arginine, leucine, valine, glutamine, which are known to play a role in muscle growth, could be acting as limiting factors for muscle hypertrophy in twin fetuses during late gestation. Ewe size and nutrition can influence the concentration of specific FAA in muscle and should be considered in any intervention plan to improve twin fetal muscle growth.
Soil Solution Electrical Conductivity Measurements Using Different Dielectric Techniques (2003)

Accurate measurements of soil solution electrical conductivity (σ w ) are needed in various applications. One recently developed technique that measures σ w is the Sigma Probe (SP). The SP is supposed to give accurate readings only slightly dependent on water content (θ) and soil type. To test the performance of the SP, it was compared with another dielectric technique, time domain reflectometry (TDR). Both techniques utilize the dielectric constant ( K a ) and bulk electrical conductivity (σ a ) to estimate the σ w Measurements of σ w were obtained in a laboratory experiment using nine different soil types with θ in the range 0.05 to 0.50 m 3 m −3 In each soil type, three different σ w were used (approximately 0.3, 1.2, and 3.0 dS m −1 ). The linear σ w –σ a –θ model used by the SP contains only one soil specific parameter ( K 0 ). Using this model, the SP readings were constant over the encountered range in θ, whereas the TDR estimation calculated by the same model typically increased at K a values below the range of 10 to 15. Using the SP with a default K 0 value of 4.1 typically gave a σ w that was ±20% of the true σ w when σ w &gt; 1 dS m −1 The error in the σ w estimation for σ w lower than 1 dS m −1 can be much larger except in sandy soils. The TDR measurements of σ w using a conventional σ w –σ a –θ model were more accurate in all soil types at all θ, with root mean square errors that were lower by about 50% compared with the SP readings. However, this model requires soil specific parameters that have to be obtained during a calibration experiment.
Genome-wide pathway analysis of memory impairment in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort (2012)

Memory deficits are prominent features of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The genetic architecture underlying these memory deficits likely involves the combined effects of multiple genetic variants operative within numerous biological pathways. In order to identify functional pathways associated with memory impairment, we performed a pathway enrichment analysis on genome-wide association data from 742 Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) participants. A composite measure of memory was generated as the phenotype for this analysis by applying modern psychometric theory to item-level data from the ADNI neuropsychological test battery. Using the GSA-SNP software tool, we identified 27 canonical, expertly-curated pathways with enrichment (FDR-corrected p-value < 0.05) against this composite memory score. Processes classically understood to be involved in memory consolidation, such as neurotransmitter receptor-mediated calcium signaling and longterm potentiation, were highly represented among the enriched pathways. In addition, pathways related to cell adhesion, neuronal differentiation and guided outgrowth, and glucoseand inflammation-related signaling were also enriched. Among genes that were highly-represented in these enriched pathways, we found indications of coordinated relationships, including one large gene set that is subject to regulation by the SP1 transcription factor, and another set that displays co-localized expression in normal brain tissue along with known AD risk genes. These results 1) highlight key pathways and their candidate genes that appear to underlie susceptibility to memory impairment in this population, 2) suggest mechanistic targets for future studies related to diagnosis and treatment of memory deficits, and 3) validate the promise of pathway analysis in elucidating key processes underlying complex traits.
Methylpyridylbenz‐X‐azoles. lH NMR Study (1984)

Abstract The shielding parameters of benz‐X‐azolyl substituents in various positions of the pyridine nucleus were determined by means of a regression analysis procedure. Analogously the shielding contributions of pyridyl substituents on homocyclic protons of benz‐X‐azoles were derived. The results evidence some interactions between the two heterocyclic systems when the benz‐X‐azolyl substituents are linked at the pyridine α‐position.
ChemInform Abstract: cis‐4,6‐Dimethyl‐2‐phenyl‐1,3‐diselenane. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Analyse pharmacogénétique de la toxicité et de l’efficacité de la chimiothérapie chez des patients traités par LV5FU2, FOLVOX et FOLFIRI pour un cancer colorectal métastatique : résultats issus d’une étude randomisée de stratégie thérapeutique (FFCD 2000-05) (2010)

L’objectif de ce travail était la recherche de biomarqueurs moléculaires&#13;\nprédictifs de la tolérance et de l’efficacité des chimio–&#13;\nthérapies utilisées dans le colorectal (CCR) métastatique. Nous&#13;\navons effectué le génotypage de 20 polymorphismes présents au&#13;\nsein de 9 gènes connus ou suspectés d’être impliqués dans la&#13;\nvoie du 5FU, de l’oxaliplatine, ou de l’irinotécan, à partir de l’ADN&#13;\nextrait du sang de 346 patients traités dans le cadre d’un essai de&#13;\nphase III. Cet essai comparait une chimiothérapie séquentielle par&#13;\n5FU (schéma LV5FU2) suivie d’une association 5FU plus oxali–&#13;\nplatine (schéma FOLFOX) à une chimiothérapie combinée de type&#13;\nFOLFOX d’emblée en première ligne de traitement. Nous avons&#13;\ntrouvé un risque de toxicité hématologique sévère sous FOLFOX&#13;\nsignificativement augmenté chez les patients porteurs de l’allèle&#13;\nERCC2-K751QC. La présence de l’allèle TS-5’UTR3RG du&#13;\ngène de la thymidylate synthase était associée à un taux de&#13;\nréponse significativement plus élevé sous LV5FU2. Le taux de&#13;\nréponse au FOLFOX en 2e ligne était significativement supérieur&#13;\nchez les patients porteurs de l’allèle ERCC1-IVS3+74G, et chez&#13;\nceux ayant au moins un allèle de GSTT1 présent. L’analyse&#13;\nprédictive a montré un effet dépendant du traitement de certains&#13;\npolymorphismes. En effet, une survie sans progression significativement&#13;\nallongée par l’ajout de l’oxaliplatine en 1re ligne a été&#13;\nobservée uniquement chez les patients ayant un génotype&#13;\nTS-5’UTR2R/2R ou 2R/3R, suggérant l’absence de bénéfice&#13;\nd’une bithérapie par FOLFOX d’emblée en première ligne chez les&#13;\npatients TS-5’UTR3R/3R. Ces résultats montrent que l’étude des&#13;\npolymorphismes constitutionnels permettent de prédire non&#13;\nseulement la toxicité mais aussi l’efficacité des chimiothérapies&#13;\nantitumorales du cancer colorectal, et ainsi (sous réserve d’une&#13;\nvalidation sur une population indépendante) d’orienter la stratégie&#13;\nthérapeutique à l’échelle de l’individu.
Quantification of Bypass Leakage in Two Different Filter Cassettes During Welding Fume Sampling (1994)

In South Africa, filter cassettes are used in personal samplers designed for occupational hygiene measurements. One problem envisaged during the sampling of welding fumes was a possible dust loss due to bypass leakage. This could lead to an underestimation of a worker's total aerosol exposure and therefore constitutes a health risk. Bypass leakage was quantified by using two different dust collecting cassettes in laboratory environments. Additionally, a field study for the quantification of bypass leakage in terms of dust loss was carried out in a welding shop. A significant difference existed (P<0.05) between the two filter cassettes at the 95% confidence level. The results showed that representative dust sampling cannot be done without measuring the pressure drop across filters assembled in filter cassettes. It also showed that certain cassettes are more effective in reducing bypass leakage during sampling. Appropriate procedures for testing internal leakage were established to minimize the risk of underestimating workers' exposure.
Device characteristics of sublimation grown 4H-SiC layers (2005)

At present, focus of the SiC crystal growth development is on improving the crystalline quality without polytype inclusions, micropipes and the occurrence of extended defects. The purity of the gro ...
Supplementary Table 1 from Serologic Markers of Effective Tumor Immunity against Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Include Nonmutated B-Cell Antigens (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from Serologic Markers of Effective Tumor Immunity against Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Include Nonmutated B-Cell Antigens
A New Luminescent Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Compound with Large Optical Nonlinearity (2001)

The successful incorporation of an organic chromophore with highly polarizable lead iodide chains in an organic–inorganic hybrid is revealed in this communication. The synthesis, structure, and preliminary studies of the linear and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of the compound are divulged. The synergism exhibited between polarizable inorganic polymers and hyperpolarizable organic molecules provides a route to new multi-functional NLO materials.
AF1q is a novel TCF7 co-factor which activates CD44 and promotes breast cancer metastasis (2015)

AF1q is an MLL fusion partner that was identified from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with t (1; 11) (q21; q23) chromosomal abnormality. The function of AF1q is not yet fully known, however, elevated AF1q expression is associated with poor clinical outcomes in various malignancies. Here, we show that AF1q specifically binds to T-cell-factor-7 (TCF7) in the Wnt signaling pathway and results in transcriptional activation of CD44 as well as multiple downstream targets of the TCF7/LEF1. In addition, enhanced AF1q expression promotes breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, mammosphere formation, and chemo-resistance. In xenograft models, enforced AF1q expression in breast cancer cells also promotes liver metastasis and lung colonization. In a cohort of 63 breast cancer patients, higher percentages of AF1q-positive cancer cells in primary sites were associated with significantly poorer overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and brain metastasis-free survival (b-MFS). Using paired primary/metastatic samples from the same patients, we demonstrate that AF1q-positive breast cancer cells become dynamically dominant in the metastatic sites compared to the primary sites. Our findings indicate that breast cancer cells with a hyperactive AF1q/TCF7/CD44 regulatory axis in the primary sites may represent "metastatic founder cells" which have invasive properties.
The Stereochemistry of the Addition of Silicochloroform to Acetylenes. A Comparison of Catalyst Systems (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Stereochemistry of the Addition of Silicochloroform to Acetylenes. A Comparison of Catalyst SystemsRobert A. Benkeser, Merwyn L. Burrous, Lee E. Nelson, and Joseph V. SwisherCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 21, 4385–4389Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01482a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01482a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views327Altmetric-Citations102LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts