gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FlowFP: A Bioconductor Package for Fingerprinting Flow Cytometric Data (2009)

A new software package called flowFP for the analysis of flow cytometry data is introduced. The package, which is tightly integrated with other Bioconductor software for analysis of flow cytometry, provides tools to transform raw flow cytometry data into a form suitable for direct input into conventional statistical analysis and empirical modeling software tools. The approach of flowFP is to generate a description of the multivariate probability distribution function of flow cytometry data in the form of a "fingerprint." As such, it is independent of a presumptive functional form for the distribution, in contrast with model-based methods such as Gaussian Mixture Modeling. FlowFP is computationally efficient and able to handle extremely large flow cytometry data sets of arbitrary dimensionality. Algorithms and software implementation of the package are described. Use of the software is exemplified with applications to data quality control and to the automated classification of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Suppression of Sproutys Has a Therapeutic Effect for a Mouse Model of Ischemia by Enhancing Angiogenesis (2009)

Sprouty proteins (Sproutys) inhibit receptor tyrosine kinase signaling and control various aspects of branching morphogenesis. In this study, we examined the physiological function of Sproutys in angiogenesis, using gene targeting and short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) knockdown strategies. Sprouty2 and Sprouty4 double knockout (KO) (DKO) mice were embryonic-lethal around E12.5 due to cardiovascular defects. The number of peripheral blood vessels, but not that of lymphatic vessels, was increased in Sprouty4 KO mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice. Sprouty4 KO mice were more resistant to hind limb ischemia and soft tissue ischemia than WT mice were, because Sprouty4 deficiency causes accelerated neovascularization. Moreover, suppression of Sprouty2 and Sprouty4 expression in vivo by shRNA targeting accelerated angiogenesis and has a therapeutic effect in a mouse model of hind limb ischemia. These data suggest that Sproutys are physiologically important negative regulators of angiogenesis in vivo and novel therapeutic targets for treating peripheral ischemic diseases.
Three-dimensionalx-ymodel with a Chern-Simons term (1996)

We introduce a model where a Chern-Simons term is coupled to the three-dimensional x-y model. This term endows vortices with an internal angular momentum and thus they acquire arbitrary statistical character. In our interpretation of the Chern-Simons term in the three-dimensional x-y model, it takes an integer value that can be written as a sum over all vortex lines of the product of the vortex charge and the winding number of the internal phase angle along that vortex line. We have used the Monte Carlo method to study the three-dimensional x-y model with the Chern-Simons term. Our findings suggest that this model belongs to the x-y universality class with the critical temperature growing with increasing internal angular momentum. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Tunable Negative Refractive Index Metamaterials and Applications at X and Q-bands (2008)

Abstract : The goal of the current DARPA-ARO funded project is to design, fabricate, and test a tunable negative index metamterial (TNIM) using ferrites as a constituents material in the frequency range of 36-44 GHz with a targeted center frequency of 50 GHz. During this one year program we successfully accomplished tasks and continued our effort in developing a Q band tunable phase shifter and X band TNIM technology for microwave integrated circuits. This additional effort has lead to the development of microstrip TNIM and a phase shifter in a microstrip form working in X band. The Q band waveguide TNIM and X band microstrip TNIM phase shifters are the first device applications of the ferrite based TNIM. We have demonstrated excellent tunability of both the phase shifters by the application of external magnetic field.
An insight into the salivary gland and fat body transcriptome of Panstrongylus lignarius (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), the main vector of Chagas disease in Peru (2018)

Triatomines are hematophagous arthropod vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas Disease. Panstrongylus lignarius, also known as Panstrongylus herreri, is considered one of the most versatile triatomines because it can parasitize different hosts, it is found in different habitats and countries, it has sylvatic, peridomestic and domestic behavior and it is a very important vector of Chagas disease, especially in Peru. Molecules produced and secreted by salivary glands and fat body are considered of important adaptational value for triatomines because, among other functions, they subvert the host haemostatic, inflammatory and immune systems and detoxify or protect them against environmental aggressors. In this context, the elucidation of the molecules produced by these tissues is highly valuable to understanding the ability of this species to adapt and transmit pathogens. Here, we use high-throughput sequencing techniques to assemble and describe the coding sequences resulting from the transcriptome of the fat body and salivary glands of P. lignarius. The final assembly of both transcriptomes together resulted in a total of 11,507 coding sequences (CDS), which were mapped from a total of 164,676,091 reads. The CDS were subdivided according to their 10 folds overexpression on salivary glands (513 CDS) or fat body (2073 CDS). Among the families of proteins found in the salivary glands, lipocalins were the most abundant. Other ubiquitous families of proteins present in other sialomes were also present in P. lignarius, including serine protease inhibitors, apyrase and antigen-5. The unique transcriptome of fat body showed proteins related to the metabolic function of this organ. Remarkably, nearly 20% of all reads mapped to transcripts coded by Triatoma virus. The data presented in this study improve the understanding on triatomines' salivary glands and fat body function and reveal important molecules used in the interplay between vectors and vertebrate hosts.
Preparations for Foam Gas Shut off in Carbonate Reservoirs (2019)

Abstract High GOR is a constraint for many production wells. Foam has been proved able to reduce GOR in several field production well treatments. The primary goal of this study is to qualify foams for use at reservoir conditions (280 bars, 103 °C). Foam will block gas and thereby reduce Gas-Oil Ratio (GOR) and improve field oil production. Bulk foam experiments and dynamic foam core flooding experiments have been performed to qualify foam for gas shut off at reservoir condition. Foam has been studied in static foam tests using different surfactants, and in limestone core flood experiments at reduced conditions 30 bars and 50 °C. Further foam generation and gas blocking test at reservoir conditions have been conducted both in outcrop and in reservoir material. Dynamic core flooding experiments at 30 barg and 50 °C have shown generation of moderate to strong foams in carbonate limestone core material both with Nitrogen and Methane as the gas phase. Strong foam with mobility reduction factors around 65-70 have been generated in reservoir core material at reservoir conditions. The presence of oil in the carbonate material is a challenge for in-situ foam generation. One solution to the problem has been identified by use of a pre-flush with FS-500 (fluorinated surfactant), prior to alpha olefin sulfonate (AOS). CO2-foamers such as Duomeen has been tested, but gave no foam with Nitrogen as gas phase. Higher concentration of AOS surfactant was able to generate in-situ foam without assistance of fluorinated surfactant. The generated foam is stable also with lower surfactant concentration after first generation. The mobility reduction factor is constant for a range of surfactant concentrations. Strong foam has been generated in carbonate reservoir core material at reservoir conditions. The presence of oil in carbonate material prevents in-situ foam generation at low surfactant concentration, but gives strong foam at higher surfactant concentration.
Modelling and experimental validation of capacitively coupled plasmas in hydrogen (2016)

International audience
Optical performance of angle-dependent light-control glass (1991)

Angle dependent light control glass (LCG) is a new glass that scatters only incident lights from particular angles and transmits incident lights from all other angles. This unique light control function of LCG is caused by the microstructure in the specific polymer film sandwiched by a pair of glasses. The optical performance and properties described in this paper support that the principle of an angle dependent light control function can be explained mainly by diffraction due to the microstructure like a stack of various transmission volume phase gratings.
Indexing and mining multimedia databases (1998)

In this thesis we examine methods for two related problems: (a) indexing multimedia databases for fast searching, and (b) mining data from a multimedia database to extract patterns, correlations, rules and outliers.
We first investigate the problem of retrieving similar shapes from a large database; in particular, we focus on medical tumor shapes ('Find tumors that are similar to a given pattern.'). We use a natural similarity function for shape matching based on concepts from mathematical morphology and show how it can be lower-bounded by a set of shape features for safely pruning candidates, thus giving fast and correct output. These features can be organized in a spatial access method, leading to fast indexing for range queries and nearest neighbor queries. In addition to the lower-bounding, our second contribution is the design of a fast algorithm for nearest neighbor search, achieving significant speedup while provably guaranteeing correctness. Our experiments demonstrate that roughly 90% of the candidates can be pruned using these techniques, resulting in up to 27 times better performance compared to sequential scan.
The second problem is data mining. We propose methods for efficiently finding 'interesting things' from large data sets in the form of summaries, outliers, and rules, based on powerful tools from statistics. Our first goal was to compress a very large data set in a manner that efficiently supports ad hoc queries, as is often desired for data mining. Compressed data is notoriously difficult to access randomly. We show how this can be done in three passes, provided that a small amount of lossiness can be tolerated. The proposed method, called SVDD, achieves an astounding 0.5% reconstruction error with a space requirement under 2% (i.e., a 50:1 compression ratio).
A good data compression method naturally leads to data mining. All compression methods operate by detecting patterns, or rules, which are exploited to reduce redundancy. In the last part of this thesis, we consider the problem of discovering, interpreting, and using such rules, given data organized in a matrix of, e.g., customers x products. We propose a new paradigm, namely, Ratio Rules, which are quantifiable in that one can measure the ability of the rules to recover values that are pretended to be unknown; this is in contrast to the well known association rules. Another contribution is a novel method to guess missing values from the rules. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
QML algorithm near Cramer Rao bound for phase and frequency estimation (2002)

This paper presents a new synchronisation algorithm devoted to phase and frequency estimation of short MPSK radio bursts. The algorithm is obtained by a simplification of the maximum likelihood approach. Results obtained are compared with the well known Cramer-Rao bound.
Amorphous fluoropolymers ‐ a new generation of products (1994)

Abstract Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) already known since 50 years, Is a unique material among plastics due to its chemical inertness, heat resistance, electrical insulation properties and low coefficient of friction. Its high melt viscosity needs special ways of processing. That fact led to the development of melt‐processible fluoropolymers such as Perfluoroethylene‐propylene (FEP) and Perfluoroalkoxy (PFA). Now we have a third generation which is an amorphous fluorpolymer made by copolymerizing tetrafluoroethylene with 2,2‐bis (trifluoromethyl) ‐ 4,5 ‐ difluoro ‐1,3 ‐ dioxole. The bulky cyclic structure prevents the normal crystallisation as with PTFE polymers. The amorphous fluoropolymers have high clarity and dissolve in selected solvents. Having C‐F, C‐C and C‐O bonds the well known properties as high temperature and chemical resistance are retained. Dielectric constant is in the range 1.83 ‐ 1.93 up to 10.00 MHz the lowest of any plastic material. Optical properties are also very special. Refractive index is very low, in the range 1.29 ‐ 1.32. Transmission is high from UV to IR and the polymer is not photo‐degraded. The unique electrical and optical properties, coupled with high chemical and thermal stability, plus the ability to work from solution offers a powerful tool for those working on the frontiers of technology.
Structure and Dynamics of a Partially Folded Protein Are Decoupled from Its Mechanism of Aggregation (2008)

A common strategy to study the mechanism of amyloid formation is the characterization of the structure and dynamics of the precursor state, which is in most cases a partially folded protein. Here we investigated the highly dynamic conformational state formed by the protein domain HypF-N at low pH, before aggregation, using fluorescence, circular dichroism, and NMR spectroscopies. The NMR analysis allowed us, in particular, to identify the regions of the sequence that form hydrophobic interactions and adopt an alpha-helical secondary structure in the pH-denatured ensemble. To understand the role that this residual structure plays in the aggregation of this protein, we probed the mechanism of aggregation using protein engineering experiments and thus identified the regions of the sequence of HypF-N that play a critical role in the conversion of this dynamic state into thioflavin T-binding and beta-sheet containing protofibrils. The combination of these two complementary approaches revealed that the aggregation of pH-denatured HypF-N is not structure-dependent, meaning that it is not driven by the regions of the protein that are either less or more protected in the initial partially folded state. It is, by contrast, promoted by discrete protein regions that have the highest intrinsic propensity to aggregate because of their physicochemical properties.
High-performance microkernels and virtualisation on ARM and segmented architectures (2007)

This paper describes the techniques used to achieve high context-switching performance on ARM processors for the L4 microkernel and a para-virtualised Linux running on top. We examine how the previously-published techniques can be used in L4 with minimal changes to the kernel API. We also propose future API changes which make it easier to maximise memory-management performance, not only on ARM but also on architectures supporting a segmented memory model.
(Fundamental electron transfer processes at the single crystal semiconductor/liquid interface) (1991)

The last year's work has focused on several aspects of the fundamental chemistry and physics semiconductor/liquid junction behavior. These projects have been directed primarily towards GaAs/liquid contacts, because GaAs/liquid systems provide high energy conversion efficiencies and offer an opportunity to gain mechanistic understanding of the factors that are important to control in an efficient photoelectrochemical energy conversion system.
General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (1972)

General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications is recognized for its superior problems, lucid writing, precision of argument, and precise and detailed treatment of chemistry. Its innovative pedagogical features, which encourage students to understand, apply, and synthesize content, reinforce the principles of general chemistry and provide the ideal foundation for later studies. The new tenth addition boasts a number of improvements, including expanded coverage of organic chemistry, as well as a consistent 3-part structure (Analyze — Solve — Assess) for every worked example. All of the student-favourite, pedagogically rich elements of this textbook have returned in the tenth edition with renewed focus, including 10 to 25 new questions per chapter and updated integrative examples that are now enhanced with the Practice Example A and Practice Example B format.
A novel soft-switching full-bridge DC/DC converter: analysis, design considerations, and experimental results at 1.5 kW, 100 kHz (1991)

The addition of an external commutating inductor and two clamp diodes to the phase-shifted PWM (pulsewidth modulated) full-bridge DC/DC converter substantially reduces the switching losses of the transistors and the rectifier diodes, under all loading conditions. The authors give analyses, practical design considerations, and experimental results for a 1.5 kW converter with 60 V, 25 A output, operating at 100 kHz clock frequency and 95% efficiency.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Hyperendemic HIV in Southern Africa (2015)

Abstract This chapter begins with a discussion of the severe AIDS epidemic in Southern Africa. The region accounts for over one third of all people living with HIV in the world, and the nine countries with the highest prevalence in the world are in Southern Africa. Given these sobering statistics, as well as a continued high spread of HIV, the situation can be characterized as “hyperendemic.” The remainder of the chapter covers the vulnerability of women to HIV in Southern Africa; the drivers of hyperendemic HIV; the impact of apartheid and its ramifications on current sexual behavior, and hence the spread of HIV; the role of government policy in curbing HIV infection and death; and progress in the AIDS response in Southern Africa.
Sleep Complaints and Epilepsy: The Role of Seizures, Antiepileptic Drugs and Sleep Disorders (2002)

Summary Patients with epilepsy commonly complain of daytime sleepiness and poor sleep quality. These problems are frequently attributed to antiepileptic drugs and seizures. Antiepileptic drugs and seizures have effects on sleep architecture often leading to daytime sleepiness. However, sleep symptoms may also be caused by poor sleep hygiene and primary sleep disorders. Primary sleep disorders should be suspected in patients with persistent daytime sleepiness, particularly those on AED monotherapy or with low serum drug concentrations and well-controlled seizures. Treatment of sleep disorders and improved sleep hygiene may improve seizure control and quality of life.
Quantification of microscopic diffusion anisotropy disentangles effects of orientation dispersion from microstructure: Applications in healthy volunteers and in brain tumors (2014)

The anisotropy of water diffusion in brain tissue is affected by both disease and development. This change can be detected using diffusion MRI and is often quantified by the fractional anisotropy (FA) derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Although FA is sensitive to anisotropic cell structures, such as axons, it is also sensitive to their orientation dispersion. This is a major limitation to the use of FA as a biomarker for "tissue integrity", especially in regions of complex microarchitecture. In this work, we seek to circumvent this limitation by disentangling the effects of microscopic diffusion anisotropy from the orientation dispersion. The microscopic fractional anisotropy (μFA) and the order parameter (OP) were calculated from the contrast between signal prepared with directional and isotropic diffusion encoding, where the latter was achieved by magic angle spinning of the q-vector (qMAS). These parameters were quantified in healthy volunteers and in two patients; one patient with meningioma and one with glioblastoma. Finally, we used simulations to elucidate the relation between FA and μFA in various micro-architectures. Generally, μFA was high in the white matter and low in the gray matter. In the white matter, the largest differences between μFA and FA were found in crossing white matter and in interfaces between large white matter tracts, where μFA was high while FA was low. Both tumor types exhibited a low FA, in contrast to the μFA which was high in the meningioma and low in the glioblastoma, indicating that the meningioma contained disordered anisotropic structures, while the glioblastoma did not. This interpretation was confirmed by histological examination. We conclude that FA from DTI reflects both the amount of diffusion anisotropy and orientation dispersion. We suggest that the μFA and OP may complement FA by independently quantifying the microscopic anisotropy and the level of orientation coherence.
Preparation of a Novel Cross-Linked Polymer for Second-Order Nonlinear Optics (1996)

A novel cross-linked pyroelectric polymer with pronounced second-order nonlinear optical properties has been prepared. A multistep synthesis with several selective transformations including a kinetic resolution (transesterification) with the highly enantioselective Candida antarctica lipase B, yielded the monomer 4‘‘-{(R)-(−)-2-[(10-acryloyloxy)decyl]oxy}-3-nitrophenyl 4-{4‘-[(11-acryloyloxy)undecyloxy]phenyl} benzoate A2c which displayed a ferroelectric chiral smectic C phase with large spontaneous polarization (175 nC/cm2). The monomer was poled and subsequently cross-linked by in-situ photopolymerization in the surface-stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystalline state. The cross-linked pyroelectric polymer exhibited an electro-optical coefficient (r22 − r12) of 15−35 pm/V.
ChemInform Abstract: New Synthetic Approaches to Condensed Pyridazinones: Alkylpyridazinyl Carbonitriles (V) as Building Blocks for the Synthesis of Condensed Pyridazinones. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Szycher's handbook of polyurethanes (1999)

Szycher's handbook of polyurethanes , Szycher's handbook of polyurethanes , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
A high-speed P-channel random access 1024-bit memory made with electron lithography (1975)

A switched capacitor, p-channel, 1024 bit random access memory has been made with electron lithography. The basic circuit was the same as that described by Boll and Lynch (see abstr. B35355 or C22818 fo 1973) but with halved lateral dimensions. The gate length of the switching transistor was 4 /spl mu/m, and the chip size was 1.2/spl times/1.8 mm. In order to fabricate the device, a 1 /spl mu/m alignment accuracy was required. Even with this modest shrinking of feature size, the minimum access time of the memory was reduced from 100 ns to less than 50 ns.