gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Communication, functional disorders and lifestyle changes after total laryngectomy (1994)

Functional changes after total laryngectomy, including voice quality, hyposmia and dysgeusia, nasal discharge, swallowing and smoking habits were studied by means of a structured interview with 63 laryngectomized patients. Eighty per cent of the patients reported that they were satisfied with the quality of their voice including speaking on the telephone. Significant correlations were found between the quality of the voice and fatigue, frequency of making telephone calls and anxiety about speaking (P < 0.01). Vocal rehabilitation was achieved in the majority of patients (78%) with the indwelling Provox voice prosthesis. Forty-five per cent of the patients complained about annoying eructation. Hyposmia was reported by 52% of the patients, while 15% experienced dysgeusia. A significant correlation was found between hyposmia and dysgeusia (R = 0.43, P < 0.001). All patients with a taste problem also reported a poor sense of smell. Daily nasal discharge was reported by 38% of the patients. Due to difficulties in swallowing solid food, about one quarter of the patients changed their diet. All but one patient had been heavy smokers pre-operatively. Only 9% continued to smoke post-operatively. These results, along with the previously reported respiratory problems resulting from total laryngectomy, should be taken into account in counselling patients who are candidates for this surgical procedure.
Kinesthetic Cues that Lead the Way (2011)

Wayfinding is of vital importance to pedestrians walking in unfamiliar areas. Generally, pedestrians rely on directional information, street names, and landmarks [Bradley & Dunlop, 2005]. Recently, many mobile devices, such as mobile smart phones, can provide us with detailed digital maps, global positioning information, and navigational information. These location-based data and services are usually presented on visual displays. However, the visual displays in mobile devices are very small, which makes it hard to see and use the data. With the increasing complexity of information, and the variety of contexts of its use, it becomes important to consider how other non-visual sensory channels, such as audition and touch, can be used to communicate necessary and timely information to users. Additionally, there are a number of user groups, such as visually impaired people and the emergency services, who also require non-visual access to geographical data. Kinesthetic stimulation, such as that for pulling or pushing the hand, has the potential to be more intuitive and expressive than cutaneous stimulation, such as rumbling vibration, in conveying direction information because force feedback devices can indicate a onedimension direction directly. Although a substantial number of force feedback devices have been developed in the last twenty years, most of them use either mechanical linkage to establish a fulcrum relative to the ground (Massie & Salisbury, 1994), use a huge air compressor (Suzuki et al., 2002; Gurocak et al., 2003), or require wearing a heavy device (Hirose et al., 2001). Physical constraints mean that none of them can be used in portable information devices. Some portable “torque” displays have been proposed, based on the gyro effect (Yano et al., 2003) or angular momentum change (Tanaka et al., 2001) have been proposed; however, they can produce neither a constant force nor a translational force without also producing a reaction force; they can generate only a transient rotational force since they use a change in angular momentum. Recently, there have been a number of proposals for generating both constant and directional forces without an external fulcrum by using two oblique motors whose velocity and phase are controlled (Nakamura & Fukui, 2007), by shifting the center-of-mass of a device dynamically to simulate kinesthetic inertia (Swindells et al., 2003), and by producing an air pressure field with airborne ultrasound (Iwamoto et al., 2008). In contrast, our idea is to exploit the characteristics of human perception to devise a new force perception method for portable information devices that can generate a translation force sensation with a long duration (Amemiya et al. 2005; Amemiya and Maeda 2009). The method uses an asymmetric oscillation, where brief intense pulses of acceleration alternate
P2Y2Receptor Agonist INS37217 Enhances Functional Recovery after Detachment Caused by Subretinal Injection in Normal andrdsMice (2003)

Enhancement of ERG recovery by INS37217 is likely due to reduced retinal folding and cell death associated with detachment. These results support the use of INS37217 to help restore function after therapies that involve subretinal administration of drugs in animal models of retinal diseases.
A 90nm variable-frequency clock system for a power-managed Itanium-family processor (2005)

A clock-generation system delivers fixed- and variable-frequency clocks for adaptive power control on a 1.7 B-transistor dual-core CPU. Frequency synthesizers digitally divide a fixed-frequency PLL clock in 1/64th cycle steps using programmable voltage-frequency-converter loops. 1-cycle loop response tracks supply transients with adaptive modulation, improving CPU performance by over 10% compared to a fixed-frequency design.
Safranal: from an aromatic natural product to a rewarding pharmacological agent. (2013)

Safranal, the main component of Crocus sativus essential oil, is thought to be the main cause of saffron unique odor. It is now about eighty years that this compound has been discovered and since then different scientific experiments have been done investigating its biological-pharmacological activities. Safranal effects in CNS have been more attractive to scientists and an escalating number of papers have been published regarding its neuropsychological effects. These promising properties of safranal propose its presence as a therapeutic agent in future, although there is a great need for further clinical trials and toxicological studies. In this review article, according to Scopus ®, Thomson Reuters Web of Knowledge®, Scientific Information Database (SID) ® and Pubmed ® all papers published until July 2012 were thoroughly discussed and a brief note of each study was prepared.
HDF without the need for drip infusion into the blood line: push/pull HDF (1986)

我々は専用置換液を必要としないHDFであるpush/pull HDFを開発した. この方法におけるinulin clearanceはHDよりも大きく, 18l置換のHDFとは同程度である (push/pull HDF 42±8.5ml/min; HD 11.9±4.8ml/min; 従来のHDF 38.3±5.6ml/min). この方法では, hemofilter membraneのporeを間歇的に逆洗するため, 限外濾過率の低下がHFよりも少ない. HFにおいては, 治療の進行にしたがって中分子物質に対するmembraneのsieving coefficientが著しく低下する. すなわち, 使用前のhemofilterではinulin sieving coefficientが0.88±0.04であったのに対し, HFに使用したhemofilterでは, 0.26±0.12であった. このような治療の進行に伴って生じるsieving coefficientの低下のため, HFの後半では中分子物質のclearanceが低下すると考えられる. 一方, push/pull HDFでは治療に伴って生じる中分子物質のsieving coefficientの低下はHFほど著しくない. すなわちpush/pull HDFに使用したhemofilterのsieving coefficientは0.42±0.14であり, HFに使用したhemofilterのsieving coefficientは0.26±0.12 (p<0.02) であった. したがってpush/pull HDFでは中分子物質の除去量がHFより多くなる可能性もある.
Simultaneous negative- and positive-phase-velocity propagation in an isotropic chiral medium (2006)

The phase velocity of plane waves propagating in an isotropic chiral medium can be simultaneously positive for left-circularly polarized light and negative for right-circularly polarized light(or vice versa). The constitutive parameter regimes supporting this phenomenon are established for nondissipative and dissipative mediums. The boundary between positive and negative phase velocity is characterized by infinite phase velocity.
Organic-on-silicon complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor colour image sensors (2015)

Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) colour image sensors are representative examples of light-detection devices. To achieve extremely high resolutions, the pixel sizes of the CMOS image sensors must be reduced to less than a micron, which in turn significantly limits the number of photons that can be captured by each pixel using silicon (Si)-based technology (i.e., this reduction in pixel size results in a loss of sensitivity). Here, we demonstrate a novel and efficient method of increasing the sensitivity and resolution of the CMOS image sensors by superposing an organic photodiode (OPD) onto a CMOS circuit with Si photodiodes, which consequently doubles the light-input surface area of each pixel. To realise this concept, we developed organic semiconductor materials with absorption properties selective to green light and successfully fabricated highly efficient green-light-sensitive OPDs without colour filters. We found that such a top light-receiving OPD, which is selective to specific green wavelengths, demonstrates great potential when combined with a newly designed Si-based CMOS circuit containing only blue and red colour filters. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this state-of-the-art hybrid colour image sensor, we acquired a real full-colour image using a camera that contained the organic-on-Si hybrid CMOS colour image sensor.
Online pharmaceutical process analysis of Chinese medicine using a miniature mass spectrometer: Extraction of active ingredients as an example (2023)

The automation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pharmaceuticals has driven the development of process analysis from offline to online. Most of common online process analytical technologies are based on spectroscopy, making the identification and quantification of specific ingredients still a challenge. Herein, we developed a quality control (QC) system for monitoring TCM pharmaceuticals based on paper spray ionization miniature mass spectrometry (mini-MS). It enabled real-time online qualitative and quantitative detection of target ingredients in herbal extracts using mini-MS without chromatographic separation for the first time. Dynamic changes of alkaloids in <i>Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata</i> (Fuzi) during decoction were used as examples, and the scientific principle of Fuzi compatibility was also investigated. Finally, the system was verified to work stably at the hourly level for pilot-scale extraction. This mini-MS based online analytical system is expected to be further developed for QC applications in a wider range of pharmaceutical processes.
Improved Control Strategy of Grid Interface for EV High-Power Dynamic Wireless Charging (2021)

This paper proposes a control strategy for the grid interface converter in high-power dynamic wireless charging system (DWCS) to address two issues on distribution network integration. Due to the unique pulsating load profile of DWCS, load transient response capability is critical for the grid interface to maintain the dc-bus voltage stable. Besides, the inherent unbalanced situation of distribution network would lead to 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> -order oscillations on the dc-bus voltage, which would further affect the stable operation of the entire system. In this paper, the DWCS model is developed, and the relationship between the dc-bus voltage and the input/output power is analyzed. Based on the developed model, a control strategy based on direct power control is presented. Both simulation results and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy not only improves load transient response capability, but also eliminates the 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> -order oscillations on the dc-bus voltage under imbalanced distribution network conditions.
Outage performance of multi-antenna multicasting for wireless networks (2009)

Wireless cellular networks often need to convey the same data to multiple users simultaneously. This kind of transmission is known as physical layer multicasting. Unfortunately, when any user fails to receive the data correctly, the information must be retransmitted to all the users, resulting in a waste of radio resources. Thus, it is important to investigate the outage probability of multicast channels, which is defined as the probability that the smallest maximum achievable rate among all of the users is smaller than a specified transmission rate. In this paper, we consider the use of multiple antenna multicast channels where the transmitter is equipped with M <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> antennas and independent data is transmitted on each antenna to K users. Using extreme value theory, we derive a closed form limiting distribution that the exact distribution of the multicasting channel converges to when the number of users K is taken to infinity. From this result, we find upper and lower-bounds on the outage probability. It is shown that for a given outage probability the upper-bound becomes sufficiently tight to approximate the exact outage probability with K such that it converges to the exact one with a speed faster than Theta (K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1/M</sup> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sup> ). Using this upper-bound, we identify conditions on the transmission rate and the transmit power necessary to maintain constant outage performance as K increases. Specifically, the transmission rate should be decreased as Theta (K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1/M</sup> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sup> ) or the transmit power should be increased as Theta (K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/M</sup> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sup> ). This means that the outage performance improves as the number of transmit antennas increases, because spatial diversity can be well exploited. However, this increase in the number of transmit antennas requires a significant cost. To improve the performance without requiring additional cost, we consider a multiple-slot multicasting that transmits the same data over multiple slots and an antenna subset selection scheme that transmits the data over some subset of the transmit antennas. It is shown that the transmission rate of multiple-slot scheme can be increased when the number of slots is carefully chosen and the diversity-multiplexing trade-off is the same as that of K = 1. Also, the gain in the transmission rate from selecting some subset of the transmit antennas is derived.
Matrix Metalloproteinase-14 (MT1-MMP)–Mediated Endoglin Shedding Inhibits Tumor Angiogenesis (2010)

Endoglin is a transforming growth factor-beta coreceptor with a crucial role in angiogenesis. A soluble form of endoglin is present in the circulation, but the role of soluble endoglin (sEndoglin) is poorly understood. In addition, the endoglin shedding mechanism is not known. Therefore, we examined the role of sEndoglin in tumor angiogenesis and the mechanism by which the extracellular domain of endoglin is released from the membrane.In colorectal cancer specimens, we observed high endothelial endoglin protein expression, accompanied with slightly lower sEndoglin levels in the circulation, compared with healthy controls. In vitro analysis using endothelial sprouting assays revealed that sEndoglin reduced spontaneous and vascular endothelial growth factor-induced endothelial sprouting. Human umbilical vascular endothelial cells were found to secrete high levels of sEndoglin. Endoglin shedding was inhibited by matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors and MMP-14 short hairpin RNA, indicating MMP-14 as the major endoglin shedding protease. Coexpression of endoglin and membrane-bound MMP-14 led to a strong increase in sEndoglin levels. Endoglin shedding required a direct interaction between endoglin and membrane-localized MMP-14. Using cleavage site mutants, we determined that MMP-14 cleaved endoglin at a site in close proximity to the transmembrane domain. Taken together, this study shows that MMP-14 mediates endoglin shedding, which may regulate the angiogenic potential of endothelial cells in the (colorectal) tumor microenvironment.
Supplementary Table 1 and Figures 1-2 from Loss of Nkx2.8 Deregulates Progenitor Cells in the Large Airways and Leads to Dysplasia (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 and Figures 1-2 from Loss of Nkx2.8 Deregulates Progenitor Cells in the Large Airways and Leads to Dysplasia
Analytical modelling of controlled rocking connections in post- tensioned timber frames under combined seismic and gravity loading (2021)

&lt;p&gt;The Modified Monolithic Beam Analogy (MMBA) is a method for the analytical modelling of controlled rocking connections by establishing a displacement equivalence between the rocking member and an equivalent monolithic member. As member displacement is a function of the applied loads, the MBA must formulated for each loading scenario. The MMBA is extended to loadings scenarios with simultaneous seismic and gravity actions. This formulation can be used to analyse and design controlled rocking connections under combined seismic-gravity actions. The difference in connection response between seismic-only and combined seismic-gravity loadings is exemplified and the design implications for frames under this combined loading case is discussed.&lt;/p&gt;
A STUDY of some parasympatholytic and parasympathomimetic drugs (1959)

SWERDLOW, MARK M.D., M.Sc, F.F.A.R.C.S.; Mccracken, Jean M.B., Ch.B.; MARKS, JOHN M.A., M.D., M.R.C.P. Author Information
Encoding Asymmetry of the N-Glycosylation Motif Facilitates Glycoprotein Evolution (2014)

Protein N-glycosylation is found in all domains of life and has a conserved role in glycoprotein folding and stability. In animals, glycoproteins transit through the Golgi where the N-glycans are trimmed and rebuilt with sequences that bind lectins, an innovation that greatly increases structural diversity and redundancy of glycoprotein-lectin interaction at the cell surface. Here we ask whether the natural tension between increasing diversity (glycan-protein interactions) and site multiplicity (backup and status quo) might be revealed by a phylogenic examination of glycoproteins and NXS/T(X ≠ P) N-glycosylation sites. Site loss is more likely by mutation at Asn encoded by two adenosine (A)-rich codons, while site gain is more probable by generating Ser or Thr downstream of an existing Asn. Thus mutations produce sites at novel positions more frequently than the reversal of recently lost sites, and therefore more paths though sequence space are made available to natural selection. An intra-species comparison of secretory and cytosolic proteins revealed a departure from equilibrium in sequences one-mutation-away from NXS/T and in (A) content, indicating strong selective pressures and exploration of N-glycosylation positions during vertebrate evolution. Furthermore, secretory proteins have evolved at rates proportional to N-glycosylation site number, indicating adaptive interactions between the N-glycans and underlying protein. Given the topology of the genetic code, mutation of (A) is more often nonsynonomous, and Lys, another target of many PTMs, is also encoded by two (A)-rich codons. An examination of acetyl-Lys sites in proteins indicated similar evolutionary dynamics, consistent with asymmetry of the target and recognition portions of modified sites. Our results suggest that encoding asymmetry is an ancient mechanism of evolvability that increases diversity and experimentation with PTM site positions. Strong selective pressures on PTMs may have contributed to the A+T → G+C shift in genome-wide nucleotide composition during metazoan radiation.
Association of prognosis in surgically treated lung cancer patients with cytometric, histometric and ligand histochemical properties: with an emphasis on structural entropy. (1998)

The obtained data strongly support the notion that thermodynamic evaluation of tumor growth focusing on the "entropy distance" of the tumor from its environment is a promising perspective warranting extended studies. Additionally, glycohistochemical features, including binding capacities for histo-blood group trisaccharides, have the potential to aid in establishment of a biologic marker set for tumor staging.
L'estructura de l'ordenament civil espanyol (discurs d'ingrés) (1983)

Patient safety education is conducive to medical students' cognition on patient safety and to improvement of medical quality and safety. Developing patient safety education for medical students is more and more widely recognized by World Health Organization and countries all over the world. However, in China, patient safety courses aiming at medical students are relatively few, and there are few reports about the effect of patient safety courses. This paper explored the influence of patient safety curriculum on medical students' attitude to and knowledge of patient safety. The patient safety curriculum was carried out for 2011-grade undergraduates of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. The students participated in the class according to free choice. After the curriculum, the information of gender, major, attended course, attitude toward patient safety, and knowledge of laws and regulations of the 2011-grade undergraduates were collected. After rejecting invalid questionnaires, the number of undergraduates that participated in the survey was 112 (61 students did not take part in the curriculum; 51 took part in). Chi-square test was applied to analyze patient safety education's influence on medical students' attitude to patient safety and their knowledge mastery situation. The influence of patient safety education on the attitude of medical students to patient safety was not significant, but that on their knowledge of patient safety was remarkable. No matter male or female, as compared with medical students who had not accepted patient safety education, they both had a better acquisition of knowledge after having this education (for male students: 95% CI, 4.556-106.238, P<0.001; for female students: 95% CI, 3.183-33.238, P<0.001). Students majoring in Western Medicine had a relatively better mastery of knowledge of patient safety after receiving patient safety education (95% CI, 6.267-76.271, P<0.001). Short-term patient safety education cannot change medical students' stereotyped cognition on matters related to patient safety, but it can effectively enhance their knowledge of laws and regulations of patient safety.
Surface plasmon waveguide Schottky detectors operating near breakdown (2010)

Abstract Surface plasmon waveguide Schottky detectors were investigated experimentally at room temperature near junction breakdown. The detectors consist of an Au stripe on n‐Si forming a Schottky contact thereon and supporting strongly confined surface plasmons localised at the Au/Si interface. The detectors were excited by end‐fire coupling at λ 0 = 1310 nm where the detection mechanism is the internal photoelectric effect. A ∼10× increase in responsivity was measured at strong reverse biases compared to no bias due to plasmon‐induced junction breakdown. A maximum responsivity of 2.35 mA/W is reported. magnified image Surface plasmon waveguide Schottky detector (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)