gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sequential Regeneration of Self‐Assembled Monolayers for Highly Selective Atomic Layer Deposition (2016)

Next generation 3D electronic devices will require novel processing methods. Area selective atomic layer deposition (ALD) of robust films has the opportunity to play an important role in significantly reducing complexities associated with current top‐down fabrication processes of patterned structures. An all‐vapor process is demonstrated for depositing and regenerating thiol self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) on copper between ALD cycles. It is shown that by redosing SAM precursors, the SAM quality can be restored after it begins to degrade. It is also shown that this approach is effective in improving the blocking properties of the SAMs against ZnO ALD. This process allows selective deposition of dielectric films on dielectric regions of patterned Cu/SiO 2 substrates more than three times thicker than approaches that do not regenerate the SAM. In addition, this all‐vapor strategy provides the ability to integrate the selective deposition process into the ALD reactor, reduces artifacts associated with depositing the SAMs on porous or 3D structures, and decreases the required deposition time for the passivation layer, opening up the possibility for new applications in next generation electronic devices.
Increased Risk of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Following Gastric Conditions IndicatingHelicobacter pyloriInfection: A Case–Control Study (2019)

As the etiology of CML is practically unknown, and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> could potentially be a therapeutic target, even this indirect evidence encourages further studies on the potential involvement of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> in CML etiology.
Paradigms of Sulfotransferase Catalysis (2014)

Human cytosolic sulfotransferases (SULTs) regulate the activities of thousands of signaling small molecules via transfer of the sulfuryl moiety (-SO3) from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to the hydroxyls and primary amines of acceptors. Sulfonation controls the affinities of ligands for their targets, and thereby regulates numerous receptors, which, in turn, regulate complex cellular responses. Despite their biological and medical relevance, basic SULT mechanism issues remain unresolved. To settle these issues, and to create an in-depth model of SULT catalysis, the complete kinetic mechanism of a representative member of the human SULT family, SULT2A1, was determined. The mechanism is composed of eight enzyme forms that interconvert via 22 rate constants, each of which was determined independently. The result is a complete quantitative description of the mechanism that accurately predicts complex enzymatic behavior. This is the first description of a SULT mechanism at this resolution, and it reveals numerous principles of SULT catalysis and resolves previously ambiguous issues. The structures and catalytic behaviors SULTs are highly conserved; hence, the mechanism presented here should prove paradigmatic for the family.
Pharyngeal airway-stabilizing function of sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles in the rabbit (1984)

The upper airway is vulnerable to collapse from negative intraluminal pressures during inspiration. The tongue muscles, the genioglossi and geniohyoids, by contracting during inspiration, appear to function to resist this collapse. This study supports the hypothesis that two cervical strap muscles, the sternohyoid and sternothyroid, have a similar function. First, phasic inspiratory electromyographic activity was recorded from the sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles of nine anesthetized rabbits during tidal breathing. Furthermore, each muscle showed a progressive increase in electromyographic activity with airway occlusion. Second, in eight rabbits, by determining the amount of negative pressure required to collapse the upper airway (airway closing pressure determination), it was shown that upper airway stability improved with electrical stimulation of either the paired sternohyoid or sternothyroid muscles. In addition, in 12 freshly killed rabbits, mechanical tension, mimicking the contraction of either the sternohyoid or sternothyroid, improved airway stability. Finally, observations of the pharyngeal lumen utilizing a fiber-optic endoscope, revealed concentric narrowing of the oro- and nasopharynx when airway pressure was lowered and concentric widening when tension was increased in the sternohyoid or sternothyroid muscles. These findings support the hypothesis that phasic inspiratory contraction of the sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles functions to resist pharyngeal airway collapse due to negative intraluminal pressures.
A Study of the Fragmentation Processes of Some N-Acyl-2-indolinols Upon Electron Impact. (1968)

Mass spectra peaks of N-Acyl-2-indolinols fragmentation processes upon electron impact, noting compounds predominance in open chain tautomer gas phase
Hormone levels during pregnancy - a reference interval study (2013)

Introduction: The quality of reference intervals in laboratory medicine is very important for the interpretation of patient results and often also for the therapy decision.
Fair non-repudiation for web services transactions (2010)

To safeguard the interests of transacting parties, non-repudiation mechanisms need to assure fairness and timeliness. The non-repudiation service currently implemented usually does not consider the requirement of fairness and the fair non-repudiation protocols to date can not be suitably applied in real environment due to its complex interaction. This paper discusses the transaction-oriented non-repudiation requirement for Web services transaction, analyzes the constraints of the traditional model for the available fair non-repudiation protocols and designs a new Online-TTP fair non-repudiation protocol. The new protocol provides a fair non-repudiation solution to secure Web services transactions and can be embedded into a single Web service call. The protocol adopts evidence chained to decreasing the overhead of evidence verification and management and alleviates the overhead of certificate revocation checking and time-stamp generation for signatures. The protocol has strong fairness, timeliness, efficiency and practicability.
The Bicomponent Pore-Forming Leucocidins of Staphylococcus aureus (2014)

The ability to produce water-soluble proteins with the capacity to oligomerize and form pores within cellular lipid bilayers is a trait conserved among nearly all forms of life, including humans, single-celled eukaryotes, and numerous bacterial species. In bacteria, some of the most notable pore-forming molecules are protein toxins that interact with mammalian cell membranes to promote lysis, deliver effectors, and modulate cellular homeostasis. Of the bacterial species capable of producing pore-forming toxic molecules, the Gram-positive pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most notorious. S. aureus can produce seven different pore-forming protein toxins, all of which are believed to play a unique role in promoting the ability of the organism to cause disease in humans and other mammals. The most diverse of these pore-forming toxins, in terms of both functional activity and global representation within S. aureus clinical isolates, are the bicomponent leucocidins. From the first description of their activity on host immune cells over 100 years ago to the detailed investigations of their biochemical function today, the leucocidins remain at the forefront of S. aureus pathogenesis research initiatives. Study of their mode of action is of immediate interest in the realm of therapeutic agent design as well as for studies of bacterial pathogenesis. This review provides an updated perspective on our understanding of the S. aureus leucocidins and their function, specificity, and potential as therapeutic targets.
A Comparison of DCT-Based OFDM and DFT-Based OFDM in Frequency Offset and Fading Channels (2006)

A precise method for calculating the bit-error probability (BEP) of a discrete cosine transform (DCT)-based orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system on additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels in the presence of frequency offset is derived. These accurate results are used to examine and compare the BEP performance of a DCT-OFDM system and the conventional discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-based OFDM system in an AWGN environment. Several signaling formats, such as binary phase-shift keying, quaternary phase-shift keying, and 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation are considered. The performance of a DCT-OFDM with a zero-padding guard-interval scheme is then compared with a zero-padded DFT-OFDM with the employment of minimum mean-square error (MMSE) detection and MMSE decision-feedback detection with ordering scheme over frequency-selective fast Rayleigh fading channels. Analysis and simulation results show that the DCT-OFDM system outperforms the DFT-OFDM system in the presence of frequency offset, and in frequency-selective fast-fading environments
Regulation of Enzyme−Substrate Complexation by a Substrate Conjugated with a Phospholipid Polymer (2004)

To recognize and control ligand-receptor interactions at the interface between cells and polymer materials, we investigated a model system with an enzyme and a substrate conjugated with a biocompatible phospholipid polymer in an aqueous medium. We explored the regulation of enzyme-substrate (ES) complexation using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as the enzyme and 4-aminoantipyrine (AAP) and 3-(p-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid (HPPA) as substrates. The phospholipid polymer (PMBN), composed of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, n-butyl methacrylate, and p-nitrophenyloxycarbonyl poly(oxyethylene)methacrylate, was prepared and conjugated with AAP (PMBN-AAP conjugate). The formation and dissociation of the ES complex were investigated using capillary electrophoresis and fluorescence spectroscopy. In the chart of the capillary electrophoresis, a much longer retention time of HRP was observed in the PMBN-AAP conjugate-coated capillary compared with that in a nontreated capillary. The retention time was significantly longer in comparison with the case of a mixed solution of HRP and AAP. This result clearly shows that HRP forms an ES complex with the immobilized PMBN-AAP conjugate and that the addition of AAP to the medium inhibits the interactions between HRP and the PMBN-AAP conjugate. Though HRP forms an ES complex with both AAP and the PMBN-AAP conjugate, the ES complex with the PMBN-AAP conjugate was easily dissociated by addition of HPPA as an alternative substrate because HRP started to react with the HPPA immediately. However, the HRP that formed an ES complex with AAP fell behind in reacting with the HPPA. The activity of HRP was maintained at the initial level in the presence of the PMBN-AAP conjugate at 25 degrees C for 1 week. Additionally, even under H(2)O(2) conditions, HRP stored with the PMBN-AAP conjugate maintained 40% of the initial activity whereas HRP was deactivated within 6 h. This result indicates that the PMBN-AAP conjugate could block the active sites by formation of an ES complex. This is due to the formation of the ES complex, which retained the structure of HRP by blocking the active sites. On the basis of these results, we considered that the reversible attachment and detachment by PMBN conjugated with specific ligands from cellular receptors will be realized.
Fast Wave Forms for Pulsed Electrochemical Detection of Glucose by Incorporation of Reductive Desorption of Oxidation Products (1997)

The electrochemical activity of Au electrodes held at constant potential for anodic detection of carbohydrates in alkaline media eventually decays to zero. This loss of response is a consequence of the accumulation of adsorbed oxidation products on the electrode surface. Although it is well-known that these "poisons" can be removed by oxidative desorption simultaneously with formation of surface oxide, we have discovered that electrodes fouled during the detection of glucose yield a cathodic peak at -0.77 V vs SCE resulting from reductive desorption of these species. Incorporation of the reductive desorption process into wave forms for pulsed electrochemical detection (PED) permits a significant decrease in the time periods traditionally allowed for the oxidative and reductive reactivation of the electrode with a resulting increase in wave form frequency. A 6.7-Hz wave form using E(red) = -1.00 V (t(red) = 10 ms), E(oxd) = +0.60 V (t(oxd) = 10 ms), and E(det) = +0.10 V (t(del) = 50 ms, t(int) = 50 ms) is applied for detection of glucose in a LC-PED system and is demonstrated to yield a sub-picomole detection limit with a linear dynamic range extending over three decades.
Early diet of preterm infants and bone mineralization at age five years (1996)

Bone disease with significantly reduced bone mineralization is common in preterm infants, and associated with later linear growth stunting at 18 months of age. Dietary insufficiency of calcium and phosphorus is thought to be the principal aetiological factor. We studied 54 children at mean age 5 years who were born preterm and had participated in a prospective multicentre study of effects of early diet on later growth and development. Diets compared were banked donor breast milk and preterm formula fed as a supplement to mother's own milk. Increasing human milk intake was strongly positively associated with later bone mineral content. Children fed predominantly human milk had greater bone mineral content than children of similar size born at term. These data suggest that the early nutritional environment of the preterm infant could play an important role in determining later skeletal growth and mineralization.
Dynamic virtual network configuration between containers using physical switch functions for NFV infrastructure (2015)

Container-based virtualization simplifies the deployment of applications and will have a significant impact on the future of data center networks. In an NFV infrastructure, it is required to dynamically extend/reduce resources granted to the virtual network function (VNF) as needed. In this paper, we explored SDN technology to construct lightweight virtual networks between Linux containers in dynamic container placement to isolate tenant traffic. We used an SDN controller to distribute logical endpoint information to physical switches before the host physical location was determined for the container. And we used physical switch functions to promptly configure virtual networks between containers when a container was dynamically placed on a host and started in a split second. We also actively probed the container and automatically removed the virtual network when the container stopped. By using our prototype, virtual networks were automatically constructed with no interaction with the SDN controller as soon as 500 of the containers were started.
The existence of a first drying stage for potato proved by two independent experimental evidences (2004)

International audience
Avaliação do diagnóstico de perihepatite em suínos após o abate e sua relação com os níveis de enzimas hepáticas (2014)

The liver is an organ with a differential value on the market. However, due to its metabolic functions it is susceptible to various types of alterations, including a large rate of disposal by perihepatitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of perihepatitis by the Federal Inspection Service (FIS), according to histopathological examination and correlate these findings with plasmatic concentrations of AST and GGT. One hundred and fifty four culled sows of the Landrace breed were used. Slaughter was performed by the method of desensitization by electrical stimulation and subsequent exsanguination. Then 5 mL of whole blood was collected to evaluate concentrations of GGT and AST. During evisceration, liver condition was assessed by visual inspection and classified as good or condemned by perihepatitis. Also, fragments of the liver were collected to histopathologic examination. The alterations in the liver parenchyma were classified as degenerative, inflammatory or reparative. The alterations found in liver tissues, considered as perihepatitis by visual inspection, were often due to fibrosis, fatty degeneration or mild hepatitis. The serum concentrations of GGT were high. Moreover, it concentrations were higher in livers with lesions of inflammatory and degenerative nature when compared to livers without injuries (p&lt;0.05). However, the same was not observed for AST concentrations (p&gt;0.05). Concluding, the perihepatitis diagnosis from the FIS showed low specificity and sensitivity, and the enzyme GGT was a good indicator of liver injuries in swine.
Point-to-point motion control of a pendulum-like 3-dof underactuated cable-driven robot (2010)

This paper presents a novel planar three-degree-of-freedom pendulum-like underactuated robot. The robot consists of an end-effector with an actuated arm suspended on a cable wound on a reel. The robot can achieve full planar point-to-point motion (position and orientation) with zero-velocity landing by swinging itself as children do on playground swings. The equations of motion of the underactuated cable-driven robot are first developed. Then, the actuated joint trajectory design for swing-up as well as an optimization technique used to control the behaviour of the passive joint are proposed. Finally, a prototype of the robot and its real-time controller are presented with experimental results for point-to-point trajectories. The proposed mechanism constitutes a low-cost solution for applications requiring large workspaces by combining the advantages of cable-driven systems and underactuation and, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first work presenting the real-time control of such a mechanism.
Abstract 490: Different localization of epidermal growth factor receptor affects the response of Cetuximab in the irradiated NSCLC cell lines (2010)

Abstract The overexpressed epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mediates resistance of tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy resulting from the induction of DNA repair by DNA-PK activation. The blockage of EGFR by a specific antibody (cetuximab) or tyrosine kinase inhibitor can inhibit the nuclear import of EGFR and consequently increase cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation. Even though cetuximab combined with radiation showed encouraging response rates in locally advanced head and neck cancer, there are negative results in a recent trials comparing cetuximab and chemotherapy to chemotherapy alone. Thus it is critical to preselect patients based on their biologic factors to predict sensitivity for combination of cetuximab and radiation. The human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, A549 and H1299 which contain wild type EGFR, were used to demonstrate the different response to cetuximab in the combination with radiotherapy. Localization of EGFR was detected by confocal microscope and radiosensitivity was measured by clonogenic assay. Treatment of cetuximab inhibited colony formation in a dose-dependent manner in A549 cell line, while did not affect that in H1299 cell line. Microscopic images revealed that EGFR localized in cytosolic fraction especially around golgi body in H1299 cell line instead of the localization in membrane fraction in A549 cell line. After irradiation nuclear EGFR was detected in A549 cell line, however EGFR did not translocate to nucleus in H1299 cell. Even though decreased EGFR expression both A549 and H1299 cell lines was detected in the combination with cetuximab and radiation, radiosensitivity was increased only in A549 cells, not in H1299 cells. Our data indicated that localization of EGFR is evident marker to determine the efficacy of cetuximab and may relate sensitivity/resistance of cells treated cetuximab in the combination with radiotherapy. We suggest that EGFR status can be used for preselection of patients to predict treatment sensitivity in the combination therapy. *Grant Support : This study was supported by a grant (A090401) of Korea Healthcare Technology R&amp;D Project, Ministry for Health, Welfare &amp; Family Affairs, Republic of Korea. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 490.
SENOLYTIC DRUGS: DISCOVERY, TRANSLATION, AND APPLICATION (2019)

Abstract Diverse forms of molecular and cellular stress trigger senescence, a state of growth arrest in proliferation-competent cells that is often accompanied by a robust secretory phenotype. Senescent cell burden increases with age in multiple tissues and, plausibly, contributes to the pathogenesis of age-related diseases and geriatric syndromes. Discovery science efforts have identified druggable targets in senescent cells, including key nodes in anti-apoptosis pathways, that distinguish them from non-senescent counterparts and enable pharmacological approaches for their selective elimination. The therapeutic potential of senolytic interventions to improve health- and lifespan has been supported by translational research studies, including murine models of aging, atherosclerosis, osteoporosis, neurodegeneration, pulmonary fibrosis, and frailty. These studies have informed the design of first-in-human clinical trials of senolytic drugs, which have recently begun. The objective of this lecture is to highlight both the progress and challenges of advancing interventions targeting senescent cells from bench to bedside.
Introduction to the Issue on Video Coding: HEVC and Beyond (2013)

The 19 papers in this issue focus on High Efficiency Video Coding.
A Decade of MRI Compatible Robots: Systematic Review (2022)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers better visualization for diagnosis, interventional radiology, and surgery from other imaging modalities without X-ray exposure. Medical robots have provided solutions for many surgical and rehabilitation procedures. A symbiosis of MRI and robotics can allow manipulation in closed MR-gantry, decrease trauma, operation, and recovery time for patients and improve the dexterity, convenience, and surgical outcome for physicians. However, the inherent properties and limitations of MR scanners had hindered their development. Technological advancements in the field of computers, additive manufacturing, and sensing in the past decade have changed robotics and the focus shifted again toward MRI-compatible robots. This article provides a compendium of the state-of-the-art literature on robotic systems developed for the MRI environment presented between 2009 and 2021. The systematic review discusses surgical and fMRI study robots, the actuation, and sensing solutions developed to assist such robots, recent research emphasis, current limitations, and prospects.
Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Complexes with a Tridentate Nitrogen-Donor Ligand: An Integrated Research Experiment for Undergraduate Students (2015)

An integrated laboratory experiment applying concepts and techniques developed in organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, and instrumental analysis is presented for use by students interested in undergraduate research. The experiment incorporates some advanced laboratory practices such as multistep organic synthesis and purification, detailed reaction mechanism, air-sensitive metalation techniques, variable-temperature NMR experiments, cyclic voltammetry, and single crystal X-ray crystallography. Subsequently, students are presented with an experience that mirrors fundamental inorganic chemistry research practices found in laboratories throughout the world.
Complete Genome of Hepatitis E Virus from Laboratory Ferrets (2014)

The complete genome of hepatitis E virus (HEV) from laboratory ferrets imported from the United States was identified. This virus shared only 82.4%-82.5% nt sequence identities with strains from the Netherlands, which indicated that the ferret HEV genome is genetically diverse. Some laboratory ferrets were contaminated with HEV.