gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Some applications of coding theory in cryptography (2003)

relation: how coding theory can be applied in cryptography.In the first chapter, a more detailed introduction to the objectives of cryptography will be given.Also, a short description of the basics of coding theory will be given there.In Chapter 2 attacks on the McEliece public-key cryptosystem are introduced in which a malicious sender, or an adaptive eavesdropper, has a method available to find out whether a ciphertext decrypts properly or not.From this information she can then extract the plaintext that was encrypted.In this chapter it is shown that the McEliece public-key cryptosystem is indeed susceptible to these kinds of attacks and a detailed algorithm for such an attack is given and analyzed.Thus care should be taken when implementing this scheme, and possible countermeasures are discussed which thwart this attack.Chapter 3 deals with the security of digital signature schemes based on errorcorrecting codes.Several attacks against the Xinmei scheme, the first such scheme, are surveyed and reasons for the failure of the Xinmei scheme are given.Another weakness is found in another such scheme, proposed by Alabbadi and Wicker, which leads to an attacker being able to forge signatures at will.Further analysis shows that this new weakness also applies to the original Xinmei scheme.Then, in Chapter 4, work of a more theoretical nature will be discussed.In this chapter two families of numbers are introduced which can efficiently be tested for primality.These families naturally extend the Mersenne numbers to the area of elliptic curves.The first few primes in these families are also presented and compared to the generalized Wagstaff conjecture.However, results from this chapter will turn out to be useful in the last chapter.Lastly, Chapter 5 will employ algebraic geometry to produce pseudorandom sequences.Some known constructions to produce pseudorandom sequences with the aid of elliptic curves will be generalized there.Both additive and multiplicative characters on elliptic curves will be used for this purpose.Finally, the use of linear recurrencies on elliptic curves will be studied.
Supplementary Figure 3 from NDY1/KDM2B Functions as a Master Regulator of Polycomb Complexes and Controls Self-Renewal of Breast Cancer Stem Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 139KB, The knockdown of NDY1/KDM2B interferes with the replating efficiency of mammospheres from both basal and luminal mammary adenocarcinoma cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;
A Reinforcement Learning Based User Association Algorithm for UAV Networks (2018)

There have been increasing interests in employing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) such as drones for telecommunication purpose. In such networks, UAVs act as base stations and provide downloading service to users. Compared with conventional terrestrial base stations, such UAV-BSs can dynamically adjust their locations to improve network performance. However, there exists two important issues in UAV networks, handoff overhead and UAV deployment. The handoff overhead issue is particularly important for UAVs because UAV BSs are connected to cellular BSs via wireless backhaul links, which are costly in terms of spectrum usage and energy consumption. Hence, it is highly desirable to eliminate any unnecessary handoff to minimise the waste of wireless backhaul. The UAV deployment, on the other hand, introduces a new tool for radio resource management, since BS positions are open for network optimisation. In this paper, a smart user association algorithm, named reinforcement learning handoff (RLH), is devised to reduce redundant handoffs in UAV networks and two methods of UAV mobility control are designed to co-operate with the proposed RLH algorithm to optimise the system throughput. In the RLH algorithm, users perform handoffs according to the reward of a reinforcement learning process. In UAV deployment two UAV mobility control methods are proposed respectively base on the SNR estimation and based on the K-Means approach. According to our simulation results, the RLH algorithm can reduce the number of handoffs by 75%.
Molecular mapping of a pathogenically relevant BP180 epitope associated with experimentally induced murine bullous pemphigoid (1995)

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) and herpes gestationis (HG) are subepidermal blistering diseases associated with an autoimmune response directed against BP180, an epidermal hemidesmosomal glycoprotein. The pathogenic relevance of this Ag/Ab system was established by the recent demonstration that IgG Abs reactive with the murine form of BP180 (mBP180) are capable of triggering a subepidermal blistering disease after passive transfer into neonatal BALB/c mice. The aim of the present study was to determine the fine specificity of the pathogenically relevant Abs in this experimental model of BP. Four high titer rabbit-anti-mBP180 antisera were included in this analysis--only two of which exhibited pathogenic activity in the passive transfer model. Immunoblot analysis using a panel of mBP180 deletion mutants revealed that each of the four rabbit sera reacted with at least three distinct sites on the mBP180 ectodomain; however, this technique failed to distinguish between the reactivity patterns of the pathogenic and nonpathogenic sera. An alternative technique, liquid phase immunoadsorption analysis, was used to identify one mBP180 antigenic site, comprising 9 to 12 amino acids and designated mBP1, that was specifically recognized by the two pathogenic sera. Pre-adsorption of pathogenically active IgG preparations with fusion proteins containing the mBP1 antigenic site resulted in complete blocking of immunofluorescence reactivity with the murine basement membrane zone (BMZ) and in complete neutralization of pathogenic activity. Anti-BMZ reactivity displayed by nonpathogenic Abs was not altered or diminished by pre-adsorption with this same mBP180 recombinant protein. These findings should help to elucidate the immunopathologic mechanisms responsible for human BP and HG and may have significant implications in the diagnosis and treatment of these autoimmune diseases.
Induction of Interleukin-l by Strains of Staphylococcus aureus from Patients with Nonmenstrual Toxic Shock Syndrome (1986)

We studied the induction of human interleukin-1 (IL-1) production in strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients with nonmenstrual toxic shock syndrome (TSS). Of the 20 TSS-associated strains studied, 11 produced and nine did not produce TSS toxin-1 (TSST-1). Human monocytes were incubated with dilute staphylococcal supernatants, and IL-1 production was measured in a lymphocyte-activating factor assay. All 20 TSS-associated strains were potent inducers of IL-1, in comparison with none of 10 vaginal isolates of S. aureus from healthy women. TSST-1-positive strains were more potent than TSST-1-negative strains. Nine TSST-1-negative TSS-associated strains were compared with 14 strains of S. aureus from other clinical settings and were found to be significantly more potent inducers of IL-1 (P less than .01). Eight of these nine TSS-associated strains produced at least one staphylococcal enterotoxin. Stimulation of monocytes by products of S. aureus may play a role in the pathogenesis of TSS.
Thermal imaging through ordered bundles of infrared-transmitting silver-halide fibers (2000)

Ordered bundles of infrared-transmitting silver-halide (AgClxBr1−x) fibers were fabricated by extrusion. Bundles of total area 5–20 mm2 and lengths 5–50 cm included 100–2500 individual fibers and the packing fraction was 0.2–0.3. Each of the individual fibers was transparent in the spectral range 3–30 μm, and therefore, the whole bundle was suitable for thermal imaging. The modulation transfer function was studied using the “bar chart” and the “knife-edge” methods. The resolution was found to be 4–5 lines/mm for a 900 fiber bundle. Thermal images of objects at room temperature were transmitted from the entrance ends to the exit ends of the bundles.
High internal bias fields in tgs (l-alanine) (1972)

Triglycine sulphate crystals have been grown with 10-20 times higher L-alanine substitution than those reported pre-viously. The present crystals contain up to 2% L-alanine, show internal bias fields in excess of 80 kV cm-1 and have severely depressed dielectric peaks occurring at up to 62°C. The results show an equivalence of internal and external bias fields and are consistent with theory. The highly biassed crystals are pyroelectric to 100°C. A radiation detector made from such a crystal has a noise equivalent power at 70°C only—2½ times higher than at 20°C whereas earlier crystals with low alanine content are limited in their operation to about 50°C.
Phylogenetic analysis of parthenogenesis‐inducing Wolbachia in the genus Aphytis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) (1998)

Parthenogenesis-inducing intracellular bacteria of the genus Wolbachia are found in a variety of parasitoid wasp genera. The presence of Wolbachia in the uniparental Aphytis species A. lingnanensis Compere, A. diaspidis (Howard), A. chilensis Howard, and A. chrysomphali (Mercet) was tested using primers specific for the ftsZ gene. The symbiont was detected in all of these species. Wolbachia ftsZ genes that were sequenced from the four hosts show a high degree of similarity. Both the PCR with specific primers for group 'A' and phylogenetic analysis place these Wolbachia in group 'A'. The fact that the tested Aphytis species belong to different phylogenetic groups and harbour what seem to be almost identical Wolbachia, lends credence to the horizontal transmission hypothesis.
<title>The Lick Observatory Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) And Controller</title> (1981)

A flexible microprocessor-based controller for charge coupled device two-dimensional detectors is described. The controller can operate under manual control or as a slave to a remote computer linked by coaxial cable. The system is discussed along with data taken at the telescope and in the laboratory.
Wrist Positioning and Muscle Activities in the Wrist Extensor and Flexor during Piano Playing (2011)

Objective Musicians tend to suffer from playing-related musculoskeletal problems over the forearm muscles. Lateral epicondylitis of the elbow is the most common disease of pianists. The purpose of this study was to measure by electromyography (EMG) the wrist extensor and flexor to clarify the burden of forearm muscles during piano playing with various wrist positions. Methods Fourteen female piano students and 14 novice females participated in this study. Surface EMG was conducted during piano playing in nine conditions that combined three wrist positions with three degrees of loudness. Results The muscle activities increased with the increase of loudness in both groups. Muscle activities for both the wrist extensor and flexor were the smallest in the neutral wrist position. There were no differences of the muscle activities between the piano-student and the control groups. Conclusion The neutral position of the wrist should be recommended for reduction of play ingrelated musculoskeletal burden during piano playing.
Towards an aligned luminophore solar concentrator (2010)

Luminescent solar concentrators promise to reduce the cost of solar energy, but are hindered by a number of losses. Escape of luminescence through the large waveguide-air interfaces can be attenuated through alignment of the optical transition dipole of the luminophore along the waveguide surface normal, directing the maximum possible proportion of luminescence into waveguide modes. We demonstrate such alignment using a guest-host dye-doped liquid crystal sandwiched between conductive glass slides. Application of a potential while illuminating through a narrow edge caused a drop in the intensity of luminescence escaping the large surfaces, and an increase in the intensity of light escaping the narrow edges of the system. This is explained in terms of alignment of the transition dipoles of the dye. We discuss implementation in a luminescent solar concentrator.
Microwave Drill for Ceramics (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Abstract Introduction Microwave-Drill Apparatus Experimental Demonstrations Summary
Innate Control of Tissue-Reparative Human Regulatory T Cells (2019)

Regulatory T cell (Treg) therapy is a potential curative approach for a variety of immune-mediated conditions, including autoimmunity and transplantation, in which there is pathological tissue damage. In mice, IL-33R (ST2)-expressing Tregs mediate tissue repair by producing the growth factor amphiregulin, but whether similar tissue-reparative Tregs exist in humans remains unclear. We show that human Tregs in blood and multiple tissue types produced amphiregulin, but this was neither a unique feature of Tregs nor selectively upregulated in tissues. Human Tregs in blood, tonsil, synovial fluid, colon, and lung tissues did not express ST2, so ST2<sup>+</sup> Tregs were engineered via lentiviral-mediated overexpression, and their therapeutic potential for cell therapy was examined. Engineered ST2<sup>+</sup> Tregs exhibited TCR-independent, IL-33-stimulated amphiregulin expression and a heightened ability to induce M2-like macrophages. The finding that amphiregulin-producing Tregs have a noneffector phenotype and are progressively lost upon TCR-induced proliferation and differentiation suggests that the tissue repair capacity of human Tregs may be an innate function that operates independently from their classical suppressive function.
Characteristic Raman Optical Activity Signatures of Protein β-Sheets (2013)

In this study, we compute and analyze theoretical Raman optical activity spectra of large model β-sheets in order to identify reliable signatures for this important secondary structure element. We first review signatures that have already been proposed to be indicative of β-sheets. From these signatures, we find that only the couplet in the amide I region can be regarded as a truly reliable signature. In addition, we propose a strong negative peak at ∼1350 cm(-1) to be another good signature for parallel as well as antiparallel β-sheets. We study the robustness of these signatures with respect to perturbations induced by the amino acid side chains, the overall conformation of the sheet structure, and microsolvation. It is found that the latter effects can be very well understood and separated employing the concept of localized modes. Finally, we investigate whether Raman optical activity is capable of discriminating between parallel and antiparallel β-sheets. The amide III region turns out to be most promising for this purpose.
Multibranching polymerization: palladium-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of cyclic carbamate to produce hyperbranched dendritic polyamine (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMultibranching polymerization: palladium-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of cyclic carbamate to produce hyperbranched dendritic polyamineMasato Suzuki, Atsuhiko Ii, and Takeo SaegusaCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 25, 7071–7072Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00051a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00051a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views916Altmetric-Citations133LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Quantum tunneling time (2004)

A simple model of a quantum clock is applied to the old and controversial problem of how long a particle takes to tunnel through a quantum barrier. The model has the advantage of yielding sensible results for energy eigenstates and does not require the use of time-dependent wave packets. Although the treatment does not forbid superluminal tunneling velocities, there is no implication of faster-than-light signaling because only the transit duration is measurable, not the absolute time of transit. A comparison is given with the weak-measurement post-selection calculations of Steinberg.
Zwitterionic Nickel(II) Catalysts for CO–Ethylene Alternating Copolymerization (2017)

A new zwitterionic nickel(II) catalyst that comprises a partially fluorinated tetrakis(aryl)borate center in a bidentate phosphine ligand and a cationic Ni center has been developed and studied for CO–ethylene copolymerization in the context of comparison with a previously reported zwitterionic catalyst that carries a nonfluorinated borate anion. The crystal structures of several zwitterionic and related nickel compounds are characterized. Partial fluorination of the tetrakis(aryl)borate only brings a modest increase in productivity (2700 vs 1600 g of polyketone per gram of Ni, g (g of Ni)−1). Like the nonfluorinated catalyst, the fluorinated zwitterionic catalyst is extremely active at the beginning of the polymerization but deactivates rapidly. Deactivation of the two catalysts apparently follows different mechanisms. Stoichometric decomposition studies show that the partially fluorinated tetrakis(aryl)borate in the Ni compounds is stable under acidic conditions either directly introduced by addition of an acid or created by a CO atmosphere. In contrast, the nonfluorinated tetrakis(aryl)borate is readily decomposed by an acid or under acidic conditions created by CO. For the new catalyst system with the partially fluorinated tetrakis(aryl)borate anion, the deactivation likely involves initially redox processes and eventually ligand redistribution around Ni, as inferred from the stoichiometric decomposition studies. It turns out that such a process allows the deactivated catalyst to be reactivated by H2. When the polymerization is carried out in the presence of H2, the productivity of the new zwitterionic catalyst can reach 6400 g (g of Ni)−1. The zwitterionic catalyst with the nonfluorinated tetrakis(aryl)borate anion cannot be reactivated by H2. A cationic analogue of the zwitterionic catalysts is also studied for comparison. Its productivity for CO–ethylene copolymerization (230 g (g of Ni)−1) is about 1 order of magnitude lower than that of the zwitterionic catalysts, demonstrating the critical role of the zwitterionic character in attaining the aforementioned high productivity. At the productivity level of the zwitterionic catalysts, which to our knowledge is among the highest observed for Ni catalysts, an unacceptable amount of residual Ni(II) species is left in the product, causing the alternating CO–ethylene copolymer to begin to decompose near its melting temperature and hence making melt processing difficult.
Wichtige Reaktionsklebstoffe (2003)

Wie in Abschnitt 4.2 näher beschrieben, werden bei den Reaktionsklebstoffen zwei Arten unterschieden, und zwar
Natural history study of hereditary multiple exostoses (1995)

Hereditary multiple exostosis (EXT) is an autosomal dominant disorder in which the clinical hallmark is the growth of bony protuberances from long bones and which can cause a variety of orthopedic deformities. This study sought to further delineate the natural history of EXT. In addition, since previous studies have suggested that there are deviations from Mendelian expectations in EXT, including incomplete penetrance and a skewed sex ratio, we attempted to confirm or refute these suggestions. Both portions of the study were carried out through retrospective review of 43 affected probands and 137 of their affected relatives. Data are presented concerning frequency and severity of complications of EXT including short stature, sequelae of exostoses, occurrence of malignant degeneration of exostoses, and problems in pregnancy and delivery of affected females. Only 2.8% of the total affected population had experienced exostosis-related malignancy, an estimate which is considerably less than earlier reports would suggest. Penetrance was 100%. There was an excess of males within the entire affected population (104:76) and within identified probands (28:15). However, the male to female ratio was unskewed in nuclear families (probands, affected sibs, and parents). The excess of males appears to be related to males having more severe and more frequent complications of EXT than having any primary genetic origin.
Comparison of Tacrolimus Intra-Patient Variability during 6–12 Months after Kidney Transplantation between CYP3A5 Expressers and Nonexpressers (2022)

A high intra-patient variability (IPV) of tacrolimus exposure is associated with poor long-term kidney transplantation outcomes. To assess the influence of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A5 genetic polymorphisms on tacrolimus IPV, 188 clinically stable kidney transplant recipients, who had received an immediate-release tacrolimus-based immunosuppressive regimen, were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. Genotyping of CYP3A5*3 (rs776746) was performed and 110 (58.5%) were identified as CYP3A5 expressers and 78 (41.5%) as nonexpressers. Whole blood tacrolimus concentrations were analyzed by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Dose-adjusted trough tacrolimus concentrations (C0/D) measured at months 6, 9, and 12 were used to determine IPV. There were no significant differences in the IPV estimated by the coefficient of variation, the IPV calculated by mean absolute deviation method, and the proportions of recipients with the IPV estimated by the coefficient of variation of 30% or more between CYP3A5 expressers and nonexpressers (p = 0.613, 0.686, and 0.954, respectively). Tacrolimus C0/D in CYP3A5 expressers was approximately half of those in nonexpressers, overall (p < 0.001). In both CYP3A5 expressers and nonexpressers, tacrolimus C0/D increased gradually from month 6 to month 12 (p = 0.021). There was no evidence that the CYP3A5 polymorphisms significantly influence tacrolimus IPV during the 6 to 12 months after kidney transplantation.
Design of low power variable length decoder using fine grain non-uniform table partitioning (2002)

Variable length coding is a widely used technique in digital video compression systems. Previous work related to variable length decoders are primarily aimed at high throughput applications, but the increased demand for portable multimedia systems has made power a very important factor. In this paper a data driven variable length decoding algorithm is presented, which exploits the signal statistics of variable length codes to reduce power. It uses fine grain lookup table partitioning based on codeword frequency. An order magnitude of power reduction is possible compared to conventional parallel decoding scheme with a single lookup table.