gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improved oxygenation dramatically alters metabolism and gene expression in cultured primary mouse hepatocytes (2018)

Primary hepatocyte culture is an important <i>in vitro</i> system for the study of liver functions. <i>In vivo</i>, hepatocytes have high oxidative metabolism. However, oxygen supply by means of diffusion in <i>in vitro</i> static cultures is much less than that by blood circulation <i>in vivo</i>. Therefore, we investigated whether hypoxia contributes to dedifferentiation and deregulated metabolism in cultured hepatocytes. To this end, murine hepatocytes were cultured under static or shaken (60 revolutions per minute) conditions in a collagen sandwich. The effect of hypoxia on hepatocyte cultures was examined by metabolites in media and cells, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF)-1/2α western blotting, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction for HIF target genes and key genes of glucose and lipid metabolism. Hepatocytes in shaken cultures showed lower glycolytic activity and triglyceride accumulation than static cultures, compatible with improved oxygen delivery and mitochondrial energy metabolism. Consistently, static cultures displayed significant HIF-2α expression, which was undetectable in freshly isolated hepatocytes and shaken cultures. Transcript levels of HIF target genes (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase [<i>Gapdh</i>], glucose transporter 1 [<i>Glut1</i>], pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 [<i>Pdk1</i>], and lactate dehydrogenase A [<i>Ldha</i>]) and key genes of lipid metabolism, such as carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (<i>Cpt1</i>), apolipoprotein B (<i>Apob</i>), and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase 1 (<i>Acc1</i>), were significantly lower in shaken compared to static cultures. Moreover, expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (<i>Hnf4α</i>) and farnesoid X receptor (<i>Fxr</i>) were better preserved in shaken cultures as a result of improved oxygen delivery. We further revealed that HIF-2 signaling was involved in hypoxia-induced down-regulation of <i>Fxr</i>. <i>Conclusion</i>: Primary murine hepatocytes in static culture suffer from hypoxia. Improving oxygenation by simple shaking prevents major changes in expression of metabolic enzymes and aberrant triglyceride accumulation; in addition, it better maintains the differentiation state of the cells. The shaken culture is, therefore, an advisable strategy for the use of primary hepatocytes as an <i>in vitro</i> model. (<i>Hepatology Communications</i> 2018;2:299-312).
Influencia de la cantidad y calidad de la proteina sobre el crecimiento y utilización nutritiva de la dieta en la anguila (2011)

Esta tesis doctoral tiene como objeto el establecer, con la mayor aproximacion las necesidades de proteina de la anguila europea, en unas condiciones experimentales estandar, y hacer una evaluacion de fuentes proteicas alternativas (altramuz, soja y patata) a la harina de pescado. Los resultados muestran que la ingesta absoluta de proteina para cubrir las necesidades de la anguila europea, con edades/peso comprendidas entre 40 y 100g, se encuentra alrededor de 1.2 g/100 g peso corporal/dia. Ingestas superiores hasta 1.6 g/100 g/dia mantienen tasas de crecimiento semejantes, por encima de las cuales se observa un efecto negativo sobre las tasas de crecimiento y utilizacion nutritiva de la proteina. En cuanto a la evaluacion de la proteina de las fuentes proteicas vegetales: soja, altramuz y patata, esta ultima en forma de concentrado, se revela como sustitutivo eficaz de la proteina de harina de pescado, en la alimentacion de la anguila europea, hasta niveles del 30% para las leguminosas y del 20% para el concentrado proteico de patata.
Photoreactivity of Sol−Gel TiO2 Films Formed on Soda-Lime Glass Substrates:  Effect of SiO2 Underlayer Containing Fluorine (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTPhotoreactivity of Sol−Gel TiO2 Films Formed on Soda-Lime Glass Substrates: Effect of SiO2 Underlayer Containing FluorineAkihiko Hattori, Koji Shimoda, Hiroaki Tada, and Seishiro ItoView Author Information Nippon Sheet Glass Techno-Research Co., Ltd., 1, Kaidoshita, Konoike, Itami, Hyogo 664-8520, Japan, Environmental Science Research Institute, Kinki University, 3-4-1, Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan, and Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3-4-1, Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan Cite this: Langmuir 1999, 15, 16, 5422–5425Publication Date (Web):June 25, 1999Publication History Received2 September 1998Revised30 April 1999Published online25 June 1999Published inissue 1 August 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la981148nhttps://doi.org/10.1021/la981148nbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1196Altmetric-Citations102LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Amorphous materials,Crystallinity,Ions,Oxides,Photoreactivity Get e-Alerts
Semantic Web Technologies in Business and IT Alignment: Multi-Model Algorithm of Ontology Matching (2013)

The importance of using appropriate and effective IT means to facilitate business functions have been acknowledged and discussed by practitioners and scientists over the past two decades thus givin ...
Infrared Spectra of Some Derivatives of Pyrimidinecarboxylic Acid (1966)

The inhibition of various animal tumors by certain pyrimidine derivatives has focused attention on this group of compounds. Thus, it appeared worthwhile to initiate a systematic study of certain pyrimidines to gain additional information regarding the structure of these compounds.
Curing reaction of amino‐terminated aqueous‐based polyurethane dispersions with triglycidyl‐containing compound (2008)

Abstract Amino‐terminated anionic aqueous‐based polyurethane (PU) dispersion was obtained from NCO‐terminated PU prepolymer, which was neutralized with an excess triethylamine (TEA) and chain extended by ethylenediamine (EDA) during water dispersion process. That PU prepolymer was obtained from a polyaddition reaction of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polypropylene glycol‐2000 (PPG‐2000), and 2,2′‐dimethylol propanoic acid (DMPA). This aqueous‐based PU dispersion was treated with trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether (TMPTGE) as a latent curing agent and resulted in a self‐cured PU resin on drying. A model ring‐opening curing reaction between oxirane group of TMPTGE with terminal amino group of PU was demonstrated by glycidol with n ‐butyl amine. The physical and mechanical properties as well as thermogravimetric analyses of these self‐cured PU resins were evaluated in this article. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
An Intact Facet Capsular Ligament Modulates Behavioral Sensitivity and Spinal Glial Activation Produced by Cervical Facet Joint Tension (2008)

Results suggest ligament tension may be required to produce pain from facet joint loading. Further studies of other cellular responses are needed to define the mechanisms of painful facet joint injury.
Study of an Iterative Resource Allocation Algorithm for a 2-Hop OFDMA Virtual Cellular Network (2013)

Multi-hop networks can increase the data transmission rate in the next generation mobile network. A new resource allocation algorithm is required for this new type of network architecture. A multi-user resource allocation scheme has been proposed for a 2-hop OFDMA virtual cellular network (VCN). Using that scheme, the VCN can provide better channel capacity than the single hop network (SHN) for low transmission power. However, in the interference dominant transmission power region, the SHN performs better than the VCN. This paper proposes some iterative schemes to increase the channel capacity of the VCN. Using computer simulations, this paper shows that applying those iterative schemes can augment the ergodic channel capacity of the VCN in the interference dominant transmission power region.
SoK: Towards the Science of security and privacy in machine learning (2018)

Advances in machine learning (ML) in recent years have enabled a dizzying array of applications such as data analytics, autonomous systems, and security diagnostics. ML is now pervasive-new systems and models are being deployed in every domain imaginable, leading to widespread deployment of software based inference and decision making. There is growing recognition that ML exposes new vulnerabilities in software systems, yet the technical community's understanding of the nature and extent of these vulnerabilities remains limited. We systematize findings on ML security and privacy, focusing on attacks identified on these systems and defenses crafted to date.We articulate a comprehensive threat model for ML, and categorize attacks and defenses within an adversarial framework. Key insights resulting from works both in the ML and security communities are identified and the effectiveness of approaches are related to structural elements of ML algorithms and the data used to train them. In particular, it is apparent that constructing a theoretical understanding of the sensitivity of modern ML algorithms to the data they analyze, à la PAC theory, will foster a science of security and privacy in ML.
eMailSift: Email Classification Based on Structure and Content (2006)

In this paper we propose a novel approach that uses structure as well as the content of emails in a folder for email classification. Our approach is based on the premise that representative - common and recurring -structures/patterns can be extracted from a pre-classified email folder and the same can be used effectively for classifying incoming emails. A number of factors that influence representative structure extraction and the classification are analyzed conceptually and validated experimentally. In our approach, the notion of inexact graph match is leveraged for deriving structures that provide coverage for characterizing folder contents. Extensive experimentation validate the selection of parameters and the effectiveness of our approach for email classification.
Experimental Study of Outdoor UAV Localization and Tracking using Passive RF Sensing (2021)

Extensive use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is expected to raise privacy and security concerns among individuals and communities. In this context, the detection and localization of UAVs will be critical for maintaining safe and secure airspace in the future. In this work, Keysight N6854A radio frequency (RF) sensors are used to detect and locate a UAV by passively monitoring the signals emitted from the UAV. First, the Keysight sensor detects the UAV by comparing the received RF signature with various other UAVs' RF signatures in the Keysight database using an envelope detection algorithm. Afterward, time difference of arrival (TDoA) based localization is performed by a central controller using the sensor data, and the drone is localized with some error. To mitigate the localization error, implementation of an extended Kalman filter~(EKF) is proposed in this study. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated on a realistic experimental dataset. EKF requires basic assumptions on the type of motion throughout the trajectory, i.e., the movement of the object is assumed to fit some motion model~(MM) such as constant velocity (CV), constant acceleration (CA), and constant turn (CT). In the experiments, an arbitrary trajectory is followed, therefore it is not feasible to fit the whole trajectory into a single MM. Consequently, the trajectory is segmented into sub-parts and a different MM is assumed in each segment while building the EKF model. Simulation results demonstrate an improvement in error statistics when EKF is used if the MM assumption aligns with the real motion.
Copepod response behavior in turbulence (2014)

University of Minnesota Master of Science thesis. September 2014. Major: Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics. Advisor: Ellen Longmire. 1 computer file (PDF); viii, 108 pages, appendix A.
Synthesis of LiFePO4 by mechanical stressing and thermal annealing (2014)

Mechanical activation can be regarded as a multi-step process with changes in the energetic parameters and the amount of accumulated energy of solids in each step. Here we report the influence of mechanochemical processing on the synthesis of LiFePO4 powders. The different precursor powders were milled in a planetary mill by using WC vials and 5 mm balls made of the same material. A slightly reductive atmosphere (Ar + 5%H2) was used in both mechanical stressing and thermal annealing so as to prevent the oxidation of iron. All synthesis steps were followed by an X-ray diffractometry and FT-IR spectroscopy. The results were compared with previous findings of precipitated and annealed powder, without mechanochemical treatment.
Deletion of Naive CD8 T Cells Requires Persistent Antigen and Is Not Programmed by an Initial Signal from the Tolerogenic APC (2003)

Activation of naive CD8 T cells in vivo requires the recognition of cognate peptide-MHC complexes on APCs. Depending upon the activation status of the APC, such recognition will promote either a vigorous immune response or T cell tolerance and deletion. Recent studies suggest that the initial signals provided by APCs are sufficient to program the proliferation of naive CD8 T cells and their differentiation into effector cells. In this study, we sought to determine whether an initial encounter with tolerogenic APCs was sufficient to program deletion of naive CD8 T cells. Surprisingly, we find that regardless of whether naive CD8 T cells were stimulated by activated or quiescent APCs, transfer of the activated T cells into an Ag-free host was sufficient to ensure survival. Thus, although the extent of clonal expansion and development of effector function is determined by the activation status of the stimulatory APC, peripheral clonal deletion requires persistent Ag and is not determined by the initial stimulatory event.
Hybrid feedforward-feedback active noise reduction for hearing protection and communication (2006)

A hybrid active noise reduction (ANR) architecture is presented and validated for a circumaural earcup and a communication earplug. The hybrid system combines source-independent feedback ANR with a Lyapunov-tuned leaky LMS filter (LyLMS) improving gain stability margins over feedforward ANR alone. In flat plate testing, the earcup demonstrates an overall C-weighted total noise reduction of 40 dB and 30-32 dB, respectively, for 50-800 Hz sum-of-tones noise and for aircraft or helicopter cockpit noise, improving low frequency (<100 Hz) performance by up to 15 dB over either control component acting individually. For the earplug, a filtered-X implementation of the LyLMS accommodates its nonconstant cancellation path gain. A fast time-domain identification method provides a high-fidelity, computationally efficient, infinite impulse response cancellation path model, which is used for both the filtered-X implementation and communication feedthrough. Insertion loss measurements made with a manikin show overall C-weighted total noise reduction provided by the ANR earplug of 46-48 dB for sum-of-tones 80-2000 Hz and 40-41 dB from 63 to 3000 Hz for UH-60 helicopter noise, with negligible degradation in attenuation during speech communication. For both hearing protectors, a stability metric improves by a factor of 2 to several orders of magnitude through hybrid ANR.
Predicting Bacteremia among Patients Hospitalized for Skin and Skin-Structure Infections: Derivation and Validation of a Risk Score (2010)

Using data available at hospital admission, we developed a risk score that differentiated SSSI patients at low risk for bacteremia from patients at high risk. This score may help clinicians identify patients who require more intensive monitoring or antimicrobial regimens appropriate for treating bacteremia.
Understanding Dendritic Cells and Their Role in Cutaneous Carcinoma and Cancer Immunotherapy (2013)

Dendritic cells (DC) represent a diverse group of professional antigen-presenting cells that serve to link the innate and adaptive immune systems. Their capacity to initiate a robust and antigen-specific immune response has made them the ideal candidates for cancer immunotherapies. To date, the clinical impact of DC immunotherapy has been limited, which may, in part, be explained by the complex nature of DC biology. Multiple distinct subsets of DCs have been identified in the skin, where they can be broadly subcategorized into epidermal Langerhans cells (LC), myeloid-derived dermal dendritic cells (mDC) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC). Each subset is functionally unique and may activate alternate branches of the immune system. This may be relevant for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma, where we have shown that the tumor microenvironment may preferentially suppress the activity of mDCs, while LCs remain potent stimulators of immunity. Here, we provide an in depth analysis of DC biology, with a particular focus on skin DCs and their role in cutaneous carcinoma. We further explore the current approaches to DC immunotherapy and provide evidence for the targeting of LCs as a promising new strategy in the treatment of skin cancer.
Performance analysis of self-excited pulsed MHD power systems (2000)

Performance characteristics of self-excited pulsed MHD power systems are investigated with one-dimensional time-dependent calculations using a gas–liquid two-fluid model. First, the Russian pulsed MHD power system “Pamir-3U” is analyzed. The result of numerical simulations of hot-fire tests shows good agreement with the experimental data, confirming the validity of the mathematical model. Performance analysis of Pamir-3U reveals that the power output is approximately constant with the variation of load resistance, while the ballast resistor consumes a large amount of electric power. It is also shown that the system has been optimally designed to supply a large load current. Next, a new system yielding larger power output is proposed and analyzed. The obtained characteristics show that the new system can provide the maximum power output of 25 MW, which is 10 MW larger than that of Pamir-3U. © 2000 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 132(3): 30–37, 2000
Positronium emission spectra from self-assembled metal-organic frameworks (2014)

Results of positronium (Ps) emission into vacuum from self-assembled metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are presented and discussed in detail. Four different MOF crystals are considered, namely, MOF-5, IRMOF-8, ${\mathrm{ZnO}}_{4}$(FMA)${}_{3}$, and IRMOF-20. The measurements reveal that a fraction of the Ps is emitted into vacuum with a distinctly smaller energy than what one would expect for Ps localized in the MOFs' cells. Only calculations considering the Ps delocalized in a Bloch state can reproduce the measured Ps emission energy providing a robust demonstration of wave function delocalization in quantum mechanics. We show how the Bloch state population can be controlled by tuning the initial positron beam energy. Therefore, Ps in MOFs can be used both to simulate the dynamics of delocalized excitations in materials and to probe the MOFs for their advanced characterization.
Phonon scattering in silicon films with thickness of order 100 nm (1999)

Although progress has been made in the ab initio simulation of lattice dynamics in semiconducting crystals, information about the relaxation of nonequilibrium lattice vibrations remains incomplete. This work studies the relaxation times of room-temperature thermal phonons through measurements of thermal conduction along monocrystalline silicon films of thickness down to 74 nm. A repetitive oxidation and etching process ensures that the purity and crystalline quality of the films are comparable with those of bulk samples. Phonon-interface scattering reduces the thermal conductivity by up to 50% at room temperature. The data indicate that the effective mean-free path of the dominant phonons at room temperature is close to 300 nm and thus much longer than the value of 43 nm predicted when phonon dispersion is neglected. This study indicates that a broad variety of lattice transport characteristics for bulk silicon can be obtained through measurements on carefully prepared silicon nanostructures. The present data are also valuable for the thermal simulation of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) transistors.
Positional Specificity of Phospholipase B of Penicillium notatum (1977)

Phospholipase B[EC 3.1.1.5] of Penicillium notatum was shown to catalyze the following two reactions successively: diacylphospholipidlead to 1-monoacylphospholipid+fatty acid; and 1-monoacylphospholipid lead to glycerylphosphoryl-base+fatty acid. 1-Monoacylphospholipid was accumulated measurable in a reaction mixture containing methanol. An attempt to classify phospholipase B according to positional specificity is described.
Evolution of polarization in an inhomogeneous isotropic medium (1997)

The depolarization and rotation of the polarization plane of radiation propagating in a two-dimensional graded-index medium is investigated on the basis of the quantum-mechanical method of coherent states. It is shown that the degree of polarization of both linearly and circularly polarized radiation decreases with increasing distance as a result of interaction between the polarization (spin) and the path (orbital angular momentum) of the beam. The wave nature of the depolarization is emphasized. The depolarization decreases as the radiation wavelength decreases. It is found that the degree of polarization exhibits oscillations of pure diffraction origin during the propagation of light in a single-mode optical fiber. It is shown that the rotation of the polarization plane is nonuniform in character and depends on the offset and the tilt angle of the incident-beam axis relative to the fiber axis. The Berry phase is found to undergo oscillations of a wave nature during the propagation of radiation in an inhomogeneous medium. It is shown that the spread in the angle of rotation of the polarization plane increases with distance and can be determined from measurements of the degree of polarization of the radiation.