gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crystallization and preliminary x‐ray analysis of Escherichia coli peptidyl‐tRNA hydrolase (1997)

Peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase from Escherichia coli, a monomer of 21 kDa, was overexpressed from its cloned gene pth and crystallized by using polyethylene glycol as precipitant. The crystals are orthorhombic and have unit cell parameters a = 47.24 Å, b = 63.59 Å, and c = 62.57 Å. They belong to space group P212121 and diffract to better than 1.2 Å resolution. The structure is being solved by multiple isomorphous replacement. © 1997 Wiley-Liss Inc.
Auslegung der Regenerationszonen des SMB-Verfahrens (2002)

No translation.
Observation of temporal beating in first- and second-order intensity measurement between independent Raman Stokes fields in atomic vapor (2010)

By using spontaneous Raman processes in the high-gain regime, we produce two independent Raman Stokes fields from an atomic ensemble. Temporal beating is observed between the two directly generated Stokes fields in a single realization. The beat frequency is found to be a result of an ac Stark frequency shift effect. However, due to the spontaneous nature of the process, the phases of the two Stokes fields change from one realization to another so that the beat signal disappears after averaging over many realizations. On the other hand, the beat signal is recovered in an intensity correlation measurement, showing a two-photon interference effect. The beat signal in intensity correlation enables us to obtain dephasing information in the Raman process. The dephasing effect is found to depend on the temperature of the atomic medium.
Hydrophilic sponges based on 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. V. effect of crosslinking agent reactivity on mechanical properties (1997)

Tensile properties of poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (PHEMA) sponges crosslinked with divinyl glycol (DVG) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA), two crosslinking agents having very different hydrophilicity and reactivity, were compared. Crosslinking agent concentrations were varied from 0·5 to 5·0 mol%, at a fixed water content of 80 wt% in the monomer mixture. The poorer tensile properties of EDMA-crosslinked sponges were attributed to network inhomogeneities, which were presumed to arise from the formation of rigid crosslinks within the phase-separated droplets. Comparison of the crosslinking efficiencies of DVG and EDMA via stress (compression)–strain measurements was not possible because of the non-linear response of the sponges to compressive strains. ©1997 SCI
Towards ultra-stable fluorescent dyes for single-molecule spectroscopy (2007)

The wide-spread use of fluorescent dyes in molecular diagnostics and fluorescence microscopy together with new developments such as single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy provide researchers from various disciplines with an ever expanding toolbox. Single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy relies to a large extent on extraordinary bright and photostable organic fluorescent dyes such as rhodamine- or cyanine- derivatives. While in the last decade singlemolecule equipment and methodology have significantly advanced and in some cases reached theoretical limits (e.g. detectors approaching unity quantum yields), instable emission (“blinking”) and photobleaching become more and more the bottleneck of further development and spreading of single-molecule fluorescence studies. In recent years, agents and recipes have been developed to increase the photostability of conventional fluorescent dyes. Here, we investigate some of these strategies at the single-molecule level. In particular, we focus on the dye selection criteria for multi-color applications. We investigate fluorescent dyes from the rhodamine, carborhodamine, cyanine, and oxazine family and show that within one dye class the photophysical properties are very similar but that dyes from different classes show strikingly different properties. These findings facilitate dye selection and provide improved chemical environment for demanding fluorescence microscopic applications.
Iron‐Catalyzed 1,2‐Addition of Perfluoroalkyl Iodides to Alkynes and Alkenes (2014)

Iron catalysis has been developed for the intermolecular 1,2-addition of perfluoroalkyl iodides to alkynes and alkenes. The catalysis has a wide substrate scope and high functional-group tolerance. A variety of perfluoroalkyl iodides including CF3 I can be employed. The resulting perfluoroalkylated alkyl and alkenyl iodides can be further functionalized by cross-coupling reactions. This methodology provides a straightforward and streamlined access to perfluoroalkylated organic molecules.
Deformation Mechanisms in Ni-Base Disk Superalloys at Higher Temperatures (2008)

This paper presents results from a research initiative aimed at investigating high temperature creep deformation mechanisms in Ni-base superalloys through a combination of creep experiments, TEM deformation mechanism characterization, and state of the art modeling techniques. The effect of microstructure on dictating creep rate controlling deformation mechanisms was revealed for specimens with a bimodal size distribution that possessed different secondary size, tertiary volume fraction, and channel width spacing. It was found that the less creep resistant microstructure was the one with a greater secondary size, wider channel width, and higher volume fraction of tertiary . Deformation in this microstructure commences by way of a/2<110> dislocations that are concentrated in the matrix at lower strains, which then transition to a SISF precipitate shearing mode at larger strains. The more creep resistant microstructure possessed a finer channel width spacing, which promoted a/2<110> dislocation dissociation into a/6<112> Shockley partials at lower strains and microtwinning at higher strains. Dislocation precipitate interaction was further explored using microscopic phase field modeling, which was able to capture key microstructural aspects that can favor dislocation dissociation and decorrelation since this appears to be a precursor to the microtwinning deformation mode. New viable diffusion pathways associated with the reordering processes in microtwinning have been explored at the atomistic level. All of the above activities have shed light onto the complex nature of creep deformation mechanisms at higher temperatures.
Tailoring Polymeric Membrane Based on Segmented Block Copolymers for CO2Separation (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Tailoring Block Copolymers with Superior Performance Block Copolymers and their Blends with Polyethylene Glycol Composite Membranes Conclusions and Future Aspects References
Figure S2 from Exogenous and Endogenous Sources of Serine Contribute to Colon Cancer Metabolism, Growth, and Resistance to 5-Fluorouracil (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S2. High serine synthesis gene expression in tumors from colon cancer patients is associated with reduced overall survival.&lt;/p&gt;
Accurate Modeling of Coil Inductance for Near-Field Wireless Power Transfer (2018)

This paper presents closed form expressions for self-inductance and mutual inductance of circular wire-wound coils (WWCs) used in near-field wireless power transfer systems. The calculation of the radius of the coils, inspired from the Archimedean spiral found in many biological organisms, is used to model the self-inductance of single- and multilayer spiral coils. The value of the mutual inductance is determined by expressing the Taylor expansion of Neumann's integral for constant current-carrying wires. Formulas for the mutual inductance are also derived for misaligned magnetically coupled coils enabling the rapid but accurate calculation of power transfer efficiency in real-life applications. Self-inductance and mutual inductance values are computed using the 3-D electromagnetic software package Maxwell 3D, and these values demonstrate excellent agreement compared with the proposed models. WWCs of different geometrical configurations have been manufactured to validate experimentally the accuracy of the proposed models. Comparison of analytical and experimental results indicates that the proposed models are capable to accurately predict the self-inductance and mutual coupling rapidly. The proposed modeling paves the way for the time efficient optimization of near-field wireless power transfer links.
CYCLOTRON RESONANCE EXCITATION OF GAS-ION LASER TRANSITIONS (1966)

First Page
Oscillational instabilities in single-mode acoustic levitators (1990)

An extension of standard results for the acoustic force on an object in a single-mode resonant chamber yields predictions for the onset of oscillational instabilities when objects are levitated or positioned in these chambers. The results are consistent with experimental investigations. The present approach accounts for the effect of time delays on the response of a cavity to the motion of an object inside it. Quantitative features of the instabilities are investigated. The experimental conditions required for sample stability, saturation of sample oscillations, hysteretic effects, and the loss of the ability to levitate are discussed.
Casimir Interaction between a Plate and a Cylinder (2006)

We find the exact Casimir force between a plate and a cylinder, a geometry intermediate between parallel plates, where the force is known exactly, and the plate sphere, where it is known at large separations. The force has an unexpectedly weak decay approximately L/[H3 ln(H/R)] at large plate-cylinder separations H (L and R are the cylinder length and radius), due to transverse magnetic modes. Path integral quantization with a partial wave expansion additionally gives a qualitative difference for the density of states of electric and magnetic modes, and corrections at finite temperatures.
31P NMR studies of the arginine kinase reaction. Equilibrium constants and exchange rates at stoichiometric enzyme concentration. (1976)

The arginine kinase reaction, the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphoryl group of ATP to L-arginine, has been investigated by the technique of 31P NMR at catalytic and stoichiometric concentrations of the enzyme. Three of the four substrates, ATP, ADP, and P-arginine produce easily distinguishable resonances in the 31P NMR spectrum, thus permitting a determination of equilibrium constants from the integrated areas of the resonances. From the linewidths, the exchange rates between reactants and products may be evaluated. At pH 7.25 and a temperature of 12 degrees, the equilibrium constant at catalytic enzyme concentration: Keq = [MgADP] [P-arginine]/[MgATP] [L-arginine], is found to be 0.10 +/- 0.02 and that at stoichiometric enzyme concentration: K'eq = [E-MgADP] [E-P-arginine]/[E-MgATP] [E-arginine] to be 1.56 +/- 0.5. Thus, as the enzyme concentration increased, the production of P-arginine is increasingly favored. From the NMR line shapes in the presence of excess enzyme, the rate of the single step, the transfer of the phosphoryl group on the surface of the enzyme is found to be 192 +/- 15 s-1 in the forward direction, i.e. from E-MgATP, and 154 +/- 15 s-1 in the reverse direction from E-P-argine. At 12 degrees and pH 7.25, the rate of the overall reaction in the forward direction was determined from kinetic measurements to be 19 s-1, an order of magnitude slower than the rate measured by NMR. It can, therefore, be concluded that the interconversion of substrates on the surface of the enzyme is not the rate-determining step in the overal reaction. From the equilibrium constants and other known data the dissociation constant of P-arginine from its enzyme complex can be determined and is found to be 100 muM.
Rec-8 dimorphism affects longevity, stress resistance and X-chromosome nondisjunction in C. elegans, and replicative lifespan in S. cerevisiae (2014)

A quantitative trait locus (QTL) in the nematode C. elegans, "lsq4," was recently implicated by mapping longevity genes. QTLs for lifespan and three stress-resistance traits coincided within a span of <300 kbp, later narrowed to <200 kbp. A single gene in this interval is now shown to modulate all lsq4-associated traits. Full-genome analysis of transcript levels indicates that lsq4 contains a dimorphic gene governing the expression of many sperm-specific genes, suggesting an effect on spermatogenesis. Quantitative analysis of allele-specific transcripts encoded within the lsq4 interval revealed significant, 2- to 15-fold expression differences for 10 of 33 genes. Fourteen "dual-candidate" genes, implicated by both position and expression, were tested for RNA-interference effects on QTL-linked traits. In a strain carrying the shorter-lived allele, knockdown of rec-8 (encoding a meiotic cohesin) reduced its transcripts 4-fold, to a level similar to the longer-lived strain, while extending lifespan 25-26%, whether begun before fertilization or at maturity. The short-lived lsq4 allele also conferred sensitivity to oxidative and thermal stresses, and lower male frequency (reflecting X-chromosome non-disjunction), traits reversed uniquely by rec-8 knockdown. A strain bearing the longer-lived lsq4 allele, differing from the short-lived strain at <0.3% of its genome, derived no lifespan or stress-survival benefit from rec-8 knockdown. We consider two possible explanations: high rec-8 expression may include increased "leaky" expression in mitotic cells, leading to deleterious destabilization of somatic genomes; or REC-8 may act entirely in germ-line meiotic cells to reduce aberrations such as non-disjunction, thereby blunting a stress-resistance response mediated by innate immunity. Replicative lifespan was extended 20% in haploid S. cerevisiae (BY4741) by deletion of REC8, orthologous to nematode rec-8, implying that REC8 disruption of mitotic-cell survival is widespread, exemplifying antagonistic pleiotropy (opposing effects on lifespan vs. reproduction), and/or balancing selection wherein genomic disruption increases genetic variation under harsh conditions.
Pacemaker Neurons within Newborn Spinal Pain Circuits (2011)

Spontaneous activity driven by "pacemaker" neurons, defined by their intrinsic ability to generate rhythmic burst firing, contributes to the development of sensory circuits in many regions of the immature CNS. However, it is unknown whether pacemaker-like neurons are present within central pain pathways in the neonate. Here, we provide evidence that a subpopulation of glutamatergic interneurons within lamina I of the rat spinal cord exhibits oscillatory burst firing during early life, which occurs independently of fast synaptic transmission. Pacemaker neurons were distinguished by a higher ratio of persistent, voltage-gated Na(+) conductance to leak membrane conductance (g(Na,P)/g(leak)) compared with adjacent, nonbursting lamina I neurons. The activation of high-threshold (N-type and L-type) voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels also facilitated rhythmic burst firing by triggering intracellular Ca(2+) signaling. Bursting neurons received direct projections from high-threshold sensory afferents but transmitted nociceptive signals with poor fidelity while in the bursting mode. The observation that pacemaker neurons send axon collaterals throughout the neonatal spinal cord raises the possibility that intrinsic burst firing could provide an endogenous drive to the developing sensorimotor networks that mediate spinal pain reflexes.
Neuroprotective Effects of Combination Therapy with Tirilazad and Magnesium in Rats Subjected to Reversible Focal Cerebral Ischemia (1999)

Combined therapy with antagonists of excitatory amino acids and free radicals provides better neuroprotection from the effects of transient focal ischemia than does therapy with either antagonist alone. In contrast to many experimental agents, tirilazad and magnesium offer the advantage of being licensed for clinical use. This drug combination could be of great benefit when administered before temporary artery occlusion in patients undergoing cerebrovascular surgery.
Real-Time Terrain Modeling Using CPU-GPU Coupled Computation (2011)

Motivated by the importance of having real-time feedback in sketch-based modeling tools, we propose a framework for terrain edition capable of generating and displaying complex and high-resolution terrains. Our system is efficient and fast enough to allow the user to see the terrain morphing at the same time the drawing edition occurs. We have two types of editing interactions: the user can draw strokes creating elevations and crevices, and previous strokes can be interactively moved to different regions of the terrain. One interesting feature of our tool is that terrain primitives can be interactively manipulated similarly to primitives in vector-graphics tools. We achieve real-time performance in both modeling and rendering using a hybrid CPU-GPU coupled solution. We maintain a coarse version of the terrain geometry in the CPU by using a quad tree, while a fine version is produced in the GPU using tessellation shaders.
Impacted, Infected Retained Vaginal Tampon in a Patient with Vaginal Duplication (1992)

A case of an impacted, infected, retained vaginal tampon in a patient with vaginal duplication and uterus didelphis bicollis is presented. The ultrasonographic and magnetic resonance imaging appearance of a retained vaginal tampon and the possible etiology of this event is discussed.
Provably secure and efficient bounded ciphertext policy attribute based encryption (2009)

Ciphertext policy attribute based encryption (CPABE) allows a sender to distribute messages based on an access policy which can be expressed as a boolean function consisting of (OR, AND) gates between attributes. A receiver whose secret key is associated with those attributes could only decrypt a ciphertext successfully if and only if his attributes satisfy the ciphertext's access policy. Fine-grained access control, a new concept mentioned by GPSW in CCS'06 can realize a more delicate access policy which could be represented as an access tree with threshold gates connecting attributes.
Highly Segregated Lamello‐Columnar Mesophase Organizations and Fast Charge Carrier Mobility in New Discotic Donor–Acceptor Triads (2015)

Four new donor-acceptor triads (D-A-D) based on discotic and arylene mesogens have been synthesized by using Sonogashira coupling and cyclization reactions. This family of triads consists of two side-on pending triphenylene mesogens, acting as the electron-donating groups (D), laterally connected through short lipophilic spacers to a central perylenediimide (PI), benzo[ghi]perylenediimide (BI), or coronenediimide (CI) molecular unit, respectively, playing the role of the electron acceptor (A). All D-A-D triads self-organize to form a lamello-columnar oblique mesophase, with a highly segregated donor-acceptor (D-A) heterojunction organization, consequent to efficient molecular self-sorting. The structure consists in the regular alternation of two disrupted rows of triphenylene columns and a continuous row of diimine species. High-resolution STM images demonstrate that PI-TP2 forms stable 2D self-assembly nanostructures with some various degrees of regularity, whereas the other triads do not self-organize into ordered architectures. The electron-transport mobility of CI-TP2, measured by time-of-flight at 200 °C in the mesophase, is one order of magnitude higher than the hole mobility. By means of this specific molecular designing idea, we realized and demonstrated for the first time the so-called p-n heterojunction at the molecular level in which the electron-rich triphenylene columns act as the hole transient pathways, and the coronenediimide stacks form the electron-transport channels.
RORgT modulates key features in adult thymopoiesis (HEM2P.235) (2015)

Abstract Recent studies have elucidated the molecular mechanism of RORgT transcriptional network controlling Th17 cell lineage fate and effector function. RORgT was initially identified as a transcription factor required for thymopoiesis by maintaining survival of CD4+CD8+ (DP) thymocytes. There are increasing efforts to target RORgT for the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but it remains unclear how inhibition of RORgT in adult animals may impact thymic T cell development. Here, we show that RORgT is required to maintain adult thymopoiesis using both ERT2-CRE-mediated conditional genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition with a selective small-molecule antagonist. RNA-SEQ analysis demonstrated that RORgT regulates thymocyte migration, positive selection, proliferation, inflammation and DNA synthesis involved in thymopoiesis beyond DP cell survival. RORgT also directly engages multiple target DNA in close proximity to key transcription factors such as T cell factor-1, Ikaros family zink finger protein 1 and others required for thymocyte development. Our work illustrates a new perspective in thymic development by showing that RORgT modulates adult thymopoiesis via cooperation with other major transcription factors.
Fluid Selection for a Low-Temperature Geothermal Organic Rankine Cycle by Energy and Exergy (2010)

A detailed energy and exergy analysis of a low-temperature geothermal organic Rankine cycle is presented, screening the appropriate working fluids for specific heat source conditions. The results have been calculated with pinch point analysis approach for fixed temperature and mass flow rate of the heat source, fixed pinch points in evaporator and condenser and fixed condensing and sink temperatures by varying the high pressure of the cycle via computer program. And calculations are compared based on the optimum condition of each working fluid resulting from trading-offing the net power output, outlet volume flow rate and expansion ratio of the turbine and total UA of the system. Of 26 fluids investigated, R245fa appears as the most suitable for low-temperature geothermal power conversion applications. R134a, R142b, R600a and R236fa also offer attractive performances.
Intracellular Zinc Elevation Measured with a “Calcium-Specific” Indicator during Ischemia and Reperfusion in Rat Hippocampus: A Question on Calcium Overload (2006)

Much of our current evidence concerning of the role of calcium (Ca2+) as a second messenger comes from its interaction with fluorescent probes; however, many Ca2+ probes also have a higher affinity for another divalent cation: zinc (Zn2+). In this study, using a selective Zn2+ probe (Newport Green), we investigated the accumulation of intracellular Zn2+ transients in acute rat hippocampal slices during ischemia, simulated by oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). Subsequent reperfusion with glucose-containing oxygenated medium resulted in an additional increase in intracellular Zn2+. Such observations compelled us to investigate the contribution of Zn2+ to the alleged intracellular Ca2+ overload occurring in ischemia and reperfusion. Using confocal fluorescent microscopy of Calcium Green-1, a widely used Ca2+ indicator, we detected increases in fluorescence intensity during OGD and reperfusion. However, application of a Zn2+ chelator, at the peak of the fluorescence elevation (interpreted as Ca2+ overload), resulted in a significant drop in intensity, suggesting that rising Zn2+ is the primary source of the increasing Calcium Green-1 fluorescence. Finally, staining with the cell viability indicator propidium iodide revealed that Zn2+ is responsible for the ischemic neuronal cell death, because Zn2+ chelation prevented cells from sustaining ischemic damage. Current cellular models of ischemic injury center on Ca2+-mediated excitotoxicity. Our results indicate that Zn2+ elevation contributes to conventionally recognized Ca2+ overload and also suggest that the role of Ca2+ in neurotoxicity described previously using Ca2+ probes may need to be re-examined to determine whether effect previously attributed to Ca2+ could, in part, be attributable to Zn2+.