gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Generation of a mouse model with expression of bone morphogenetic protein type II receptor lacking the cytoplasmic domain in osteoblasts (2010)

Different working modes were proposed to explain how bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I and II receptors are involved in Smad phosphorylation cascades. In addition, both parathyroid hormone (PTH) and Wnts are also known to regulate phosphorylation of Smads. Here we established a mouse model in which a C-terminal truncated BMP type II receptor (BMPRII) is expressed specifically in osteoblasts as a dominant negative form in the BMP/Smad signaling pathway. Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation levels were reduced in bone marrow stromal cells from the transgenic mice. The sizes of embryos were smaller, and the mineralization of calvarial bones and lumbar vertebrae were delayed in mice expressing the transgene. In adult transgenic mice, total bone volume was reduced with no significant changes observed in cortical bone. Thus, osteoblast-targeted expression of dominant negative BMPRII leads to inhibited Smad1 phosphorylation, delayed skeletal development, and decreased bone formation in the adult mice. This study provides an in vivo tool to study the role of BMPRII in BMP/Smad signaling and the regulation of this pathway by PTH and Wnts.
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing to Assess Persistent Symptoms at 6 Months in People With COVID-19 Who Survived Hospitalization: A Pilot Study (2021)

This study is the first, to our knowledge, to show that a persistent breathing disorder (in addition to muscle deconditioning) can explain persistent symptoms 6 months after hospitalization for COVID-19 infection and suggests that a specific rehabilitation intervention is warranted.
Solubility of Lignin and Acetylated Lignin in Organic Solvents (2017)

The solubility of four lignin samples and their acetylated forms was determined in a series of organic solvents to investigate the relationship between solubility and the solubility parameter. The solubility parameter of lignin samples and acetylated lignin was calculated based on the number of atoms or groups on lignin units. Lignin samples were obtained by isolating lignin from lignocellulosic bioethanol residues (Lignin 1 [L1]), isolating lignin from kraft hardwood black liquor (Lignin 2 [L2]), commercial kraft softwood lignin (Lignin 3 [L3]), and commercial soda non-wood lignin (Lignin 4 [4]). The solubility of lignin in organic solvents was not predictable due to poor correlation between the solubility of lignin and its solubility parameter. However, the solubility of lignin in an organic solvent depended on the molecular weight and the aliphatic hydroxyl number of the lignin. L2, with a lower molecular weight than other lignin samples, had the highest solubility in organic solvents, and L3, with highest aliphatic hydroxyl number, had the lowest solubility in organic solvents. All acetylated lignins were soluble in most of the organic solvents. Furthermore, the molecular weights of the soluble parts of all four lignins in ethyl acetate were found to be lower than the original lignins.
SU-FF-J-35: A Comparison Between BAT and Tomotherapy MVCT On Inter-Fractional Prostate Localization (2005)

Purpose: To compare the clinical utilities of two image-guided target localization systems in fractionated external beam radiotherapy: BAT™ ultra-sound system and TomoTherapy™ mega-voltage computed tomography (MVCT) system Method and Materials: Daily prostate setup verification data is obtained for 40 patients undergoing prostate external beam radiotherapy at University of California — Davis cancer center, using the ultra-sound based target localization system (BAT™, North American Scientific, Chatsworth, CA). This set of data contains translation (superior-inferior, lateral and anterior-posterior) setup errors. At the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 12 prostate patients undergoing helical tomotherapy (TomoTherapy Inc., Madison, WI) are helped with onboard MVCT to guide inter-fractional prostate setups. The obtained MVCT data contain both translation and rotational (pitch, yaw and roll) setup errors. Statistics analysis using Microsoft Excel is done for both data sets. Results: BAT™ and MVCT reported similar magnitude of inter-fractional prostate setup errors in this study. This result agrees with another direct daily CT and BAT™ comparison study reported by Lattanzi et al. (1999). However, our data show a larger range of distribution due to different groups of patients at different institutions being used in this study (more detailed data analysis result and discussion is reported with the attached supporting document). Conclusion: Both BAT™ and Tomotherapy MVCT can be applied to image-guided inter-fractional prostate setup procedures. These techniques are principally more accurate than conventional skin tattoo based setups in clinical practice.
Vascular imprints of neuronal activity: Relationships between the dynamics of cortical blood flow, oxygenation, and volume changes following sensory stimulation (1997)

Modern functional neuroimaging methods, such as positron-emission tomography (PET), optical imaging of intrinsic signals, and functional MRI (fMRI) utilize activity-dependent hemodynamic changes to obtain indirect maps of the evoked electrical activity in the brain. Whereas PET and flow-sensitive MRI map cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes, optical imaging and blood oxygenation level-dependent MRI map areas with changes in the concentration of deoxygenated hemoglobin (HbR). However, the relationship between CBF and HbR during functional activation has never been tested experimentally. Therefore, we investigated this relationship by using imaging spectroscopy and laser-Doppler flowmetry techniques, simultaneously, in the visual cortex of anesthetized cats during sensory stimulation. We found that the earliest microcirculatory change was indeed an increase in HbR, whereas the CBF increase lagged by more than a second after the increase in HbR. The increased HbR was accompanied by a simultaneous increase in total hemoglobin concentration (Hbt), presumably reflecting an early blood volume increase. We found that the CBF changes lagged after Hbt changes by 1 to 2 sec throughout the response. These results support the notion of active neurovascular regulation of blood volume in the capillary bed and the existence of a delayed, passive process of capillary filling.
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: An Important Consideration for Primary Care Providers in Hawai'i. (2020)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. <i>N</i>AFLD is a broad term for both non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), which describes simple fatty liver without inflammation, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the more severe phenotype with hepatocellular inflammation. The population of Hawai'i is particularly vulnerable to the NAFLD and obesity epidemics due to its large proportions of high-risk ethnic minorities exposed to varying degrees of westernization. Unfortunately, primary care providers (PCPs) often face a lack of awareness on the diagnosis and disease spectrum of NAFLD. Early initiation of treatment for NAFLD is crucial to slow its progression and prevent liver-related morbidity and mortality. This review aims to raise awareness for NAFLD among PCPs in Hawai'i by summarizing the disease's epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment. The diagnostic workup of NAFLD in the primary care setting involves exclusion of other liver disease etiologies and staging assessment of fibrosis and steatosis through non-invasive means such as serum biomarkers or elastography. Patients with overt signs and symptoms of cirrhosis or a high likelihood of advanced hepatic fibrosis should be referred to liver disease specialists. The role of PCPs in NAFLD management involves facilitating weight loss through therapeutic lifestyle modifications and treatment of comorbid cardiovascular conditions. Evidence-based pharmacologic therapies for NAFLD are available, such as vitamin E and pioglitazone, with more currently in development.
Cholinergic Mediation in Dermorphin-Induced Growth Hormone Secretion in Man (1986)

The effects of pirenzepine (P), a cholinergic muscarinic antagonist, on growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) response to dermorphin (D) were studied in a group of 7 healthy men. D produced clear elevations in GH and PRL levels. P completely blocked the GH-releasing activity of D, whereas it did not alter the PRL-releasing activity. These results indicate that GH-releasing action of D is mediated via the central cholinergic nervous system in man.
Predicting sugar regulation in arabidopsis thaliana using kernel learning methods (2006)

The ability to predict the transcriptional regulation of genes, based on the composition of the upstream promoter region, would be a useful step in deciphering gene regulatory networks in eukaryotic organisms. In this paper we perform optimally regularised kernel Fisher discriminant (ORKFD) analysis of the upstream promoter sequences of genes to predict whether they are up- or down-regulated in response to glucose in the model plant Arahuiopsis thaliana. Three feature selection strategies are investigated, namely use of known promoter motifs drawn from the PLACE database, explicit enumeration of all possible k-mers and the use of the mismatch kernels (which effectively permits the construction of a linear model in the space of all possible k-mers with up to in mismatches). The leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) error rate indicates that approximately two-thirds of the observed regulatory behaviour can be inferred by the presence of particular motifs in the upstream promoter sequence. The analysis has yielded novel biological insight, which has since been confirmed experimentally in vivo.
Fast path acceleration for open vSwitch in overlay networks (2014)

Through virtualization technology, new perspective has been opened in computing. Recent software defined data centers(SDDC) are relaying on this technology to provide their infrastructure as a service (IaaS) by running multiple virtual machines over shared resources. In order to ensure communications between different tenants, and to support virtualization in networking level, SDDCs are relaying on overlay networks that provide to tenants a new logical view of the physical topology. Overlay networks are managed in the edge such as top of rack switch or simply by a software added in hypervisor layer as Open virtual switch. However, using a fully software implementation led to server overhead and decrease Virtual machines performances. In this paper, we introduce a new strategy that enables network virtualization edge to offload elephant flow to a fast path created in hardware level. The first aim is how to detect elephant flow. The second aim is how to define new fast data path in hardware level. This fast data path reduces the latency and accelerates the forwarding in the fabric.
A Deployable Membrane Telescope Payload for CubeSats (2014)

This article reports on the design and development of a deployable membrane telescope suitable for incorpora tion on 3U CubeSats. When hosting imaging payloads, the size of the primary optic has effectively been limited to the cross section size of the satellite bus. For 1U to 3U CubeSats, this is a diameter of less than 10 cm. To overcome this limitation, cadets and faculty at the US Air Force Academy (USAFA) are currently developing a deployable membrane telescope called Peregrine. Peregrine fits into a 1.5U volume and has a mass of less than 1.4 kg. The telescope includes a 20 cm photon sieve membrane primary optic that is deployed from the end of a CubeSat using a spring-loaded pantograph-based deployment system. A photon sieve (PS) is a diffractive optic that uses a pattern of billions of circular pads with relative size and positioning such that transmitted light though the photon sieve is diffracted to a focal plane array within the CubeSat. The deployable membrane telescope promises the ability to enable missions with a primary optical element that is larger than that of traditional optics, allowing for missions with greater optical resolution.
MYCN and Feingold Syndrome (2016)

Abstract Feingold syndrome (FS) is a dominantly inherited syndrome with high penetrance and variable clinical expressivity. Its most consistent features are microcephaly, with mental retardation in half of these cases, brachy-mesophalangy, clinodactyly, syndactyly of toes and short palpebral fissures. Gastrointestinal atresias are also frequently observed, mostly manifesting as esophageal atresia/tracheo-esophageal fistula. The MYCN gene on chromosome 2p23-p24 has been identified as the disease-causing gene in this syndrome. Mutations include complete gene deletions, nonsense mutations, frameshift mutations and amino acid substitutions at positions that are crucial for DNA-binding of the protein. All these mutations are predicted to be null-alleles, indicating that haplo-insufficiency is the disease mechanism for FS. Strikingly, MYCN gene amplification and overexpression is found in a number of tumors (e.g. neuroblastomas) and is generally associated with poor prognosis. Such tumors exhibit the opposite cellular phenotype to that observed in FS patients or in N-myc knockout mice. There is convincing evidence indicating that MYCN/N-myc dosage is critically important for cell proliferation and differentiation. Downstream targets of MYCN include the microRNA cluster miR17~92. Interestingly, germline deletions of the microRNA cluster miR17~92 give rise to a phenotype with similarity to Feingold syndrome, suggesting a functional interaction between MYCN and miR17~92 in embryonic development.
Psychiatric Comorbidity and Dependence in Regular Users of Codeine (1996)

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (1996) 59, 211–211; doi: 10.1038/sj.clpt.1996.342
Oxygen Sensing, Hypoxia Tracing and in Vivo Imaging with Functional Metalloprobes for the Early Detection of Non-communicable Diseases (2018)

Hypoxia has been identified as one of the hallmarks of tumor environments and a prognosis factor in many cancers. The development of ideal chemical probes for imaging and sensing of hypoxia remains elusive. Crucial characteristics would include a measurable response to subtle variations of pO<sub>2</sub> in living systems and an ability to accumulate only in the areas of interest (e.g., targeting hypoxia tissues) whilst exhibiting kinetic stabilities <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. A sensitive probe would comprise platforms for applications in imaging and therapy for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) relying on sensitive detection of pO<sub>2</sub>. Just a handful of probes for the <i>in vivo</i> imaging of hypoxia [mainly using positron emission tomography (PET)] have reached the clinical research stage. Many chemical compounds, whilst presenting promising <i>in vitro</i> results as oxygen-sensing probes, are facing considerable disadvantages regarding their general application <i>in vivo</i>. The mechanisms of action of many hypoxia tracers have not been entirely rationalized, especially in the case of metallo-probes. An insight into the hypoxia selectivity mechanisms can allow an optimization of current imaging probes candidates and this will be explored hereby. The mechanistic understanding of the modes of action of coordination compounds under oxygen concentration gradients in living cells allows an expansion of the scope of compounds toward <i>in vivo</i> applications which, in turn, would help translate these into clinical applications. We summarize hereby some of the recent research efforts made toward the discovery of new oxygen sensing molecules having a metal-ligand core. We discuss their applications <i>in vitro</i> and/or <i>in vivo</i>, with an appreciation of a plethora of molecular imaging techniques (mainly reliant on nuclear medicine techniques) currently applied in the detection and tracing of hypoxia in the preclinical and clinical setups. The design of imaging/sensing probe for early-stage diagnosis would longer term avoid invasive procedures providing platforms for therapy monitoring in a variety of NCDs and, particularly, in cancers.
Degradation of Polymer Films on Surfaces: A Model Study with Poly(sebacic anhydride) (2019)

There is compelling evidence that the degradation kinetics of thin polymer films differ significantly from those of bulk materials, as interfacial effects become dominant. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate these kinetics separately. Qualitative analytics of thin film degradation exist, e.g. by scanning electron microscopy or atomic force microscopy (AFM), but a quantitative study is so far missing. In this work, poly(sebacic anhydride) (PSA), an aliphatic polyanhydride, is used as a model system for a quantitative degradation study. PSA was spin-coated onto silicon or gold substrates. The degradation of these PSA films was monitored by ellipsometry, surface-plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPR), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Two kinetic regimes were observed when plotting the relative layer thickness determined by FTIR and SPR against the degradation time. The data obtained by FTIR showed a single process for the rate of ester bond cleavage. Overall, the degradation rate constants of PSA determined by the different methods were consistent. The degradation rate constants of PSA film up to 378 nm thickness were constant. Several thicker free-standing samples studied gravimetrically had a degradation rate constant that was one order of magnitude slower, thus confirming thickness-dependent degradation rate constants.
Design of ionophores for ion-selective microsensors (1987)

Requirements for a reliable use of liquid membrane microelectrodes are discussed in terms of stability, response time, and lifetime on the basis of membrane technological considerations. The selectivity of H+, Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and Cl- microelectrodes is critically evaluated using the Nikolskii-Eisenman formalism. Recent progress in the design of new ionophores is presented. A novel neutral carrier-based Ca2+-selective microelectrode with a detection limit of about 5 X 10(-10) M Ca2+ at a background of 125 mM K+ has been realized. An neutral carrier-based microelectrode for H+ with extended pH range of the sample solution is now available. Promising developments in the field of Li+-, Mg2+-, and Cl--selective ionophores are discussed.
Wide-baseline matching based on line intersection features (2018)

To realize stable wide-baseline matching for structured scenes with low texture regions, a new matching method based on line intersection features (LIFS) is proposed, which combines the robustness of line feature and distinctiveness of keypoint’s descriptor. First, detect lines and compute line intersections. Second, line intersections from perspective projection of parallel lines or skew lines are filtered by parallel lines clustering and coplanar constraint which increases the stability and accuracy of line intersections. Third, local non maxima suppression is used to limit the intersections close to each other. Fourth, feature scales are computed for LIFS by simply utilizing the geometry distribution of intersections and endpoints of intersection lines. Finally, SURF descriptors are computed for LIFS in the computed scales and thus scale and rotation invariance is achieved. Experiment results show that compared with traditional matching method based on local features, the proposed method is more robust to image noise and illumination change. Besides, the proposed method has invariance to scale and rotation change and a certain degree of viewpoint change, providing an effective wide baseline matching method for images of structured scenes.
Absolute rate constants for hydrocarbon autoxidation. XV. The induced decomposition of some t-hydroperoxides (1969)

The radical induced decomposition of several t-hydroperoxides at 30° has been studied. In the self reaction of t-alkylperoxy radicals the ratio of the rates of alkoxy radical diffusion from the cage to combination in the cage is essentially independent of the size of the t-alkyl group.The rate constant for abstraction from hydroperoxides of the hydroperoxidic hydrogen by alkoxy radicals is about 4 × 10 6 M −1 s −1 at 30°. This reaction has a deuterium isotope effect, k H /k D ≈ 5.The 1,1-diphenylethoxy radical undergoes a 1,2-phenyl shift to yield the 1-phenyl-1-phenoxyethyl radical more rapidly that it undergoes β-scission.
A combined timing and frequency synchronization and channel estimation for OFDM (2006)

This letter addresses training-signal-based combined timing and frequency synchronization and channel estimation for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing systems. The proposed scheme consists of two stages. At the first stage, coarse timing and frequency-offset estimates are obtained. Based on these estimates, a (coarse) channel response estimate is obtained. The timing and frequency-offset estimates at the second stage are obtained by maximum-likelihood (ML) realization based on a sliding observation vector. Then ML channel estimation is performed. A means of complexity reduction by an adaptive scheme is also presented. The simulation results show that the proposed combined approach performs quite well, and circumvents the problem of mismatch among individual synchronization tasks.
Treatment of Hemophilia A with a Highly Purified Factor VIII Concentrate Prepared by Anti-FVIIIc Immunoaffinity Chromatography (1992)

To reduce the risk of pathogenic virus transmission associated with the therapeutic administration of plasma-derived anti-hemophilic factor (FVIIIc), a process utilizing anti-FVIIIc immunoaffinity chromatography to isolate FVIIIc has been developed. In addition, the starting cryoprecipitate solution has been treated with an organic solvent/detergent mixture to inactivate lipid-enveloped viruses. A final ion exchange chromatography step is used to further remove contaminants, e.g., anti-FVIIIc antibody, potentially leached with FVIIIc during the immunoaffinity step. The purified FVIII is stabilized for lyophilization and storage by the addition of human albumin. The monoclonal anti-FVIIIc antibody used in the immunoaffinity step of the process is not detectable in the final preparation. Viral reduction studies performed at specific steps of the process demonstrate that 11 logs of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and greater than 4-5 logs of other lipid-enveloped viruses are inactivated within the first 30 s of exposure to the solvent/detergent mixture and 4-5 logs of various model viruses, e.g. Endomyocarditis virus (EMC), are physically removed during washing of the immunoaffinity column. The lyophilized product is reconstituted using sterile water in a matter of seconds. The pharmacokinetics of Hemofil M were compared to those obtained using a standard heat-treated concentrate (Hemofil CT) in five severe factor VIII deficient hemophiliacs in a randomized, cross-over study. No statistically significant differences were observed in mean half life (p greater than 0.6) or median recovery (p = 0.4) between the two preparations. No clinically significant adverse effects were observed in patients receiving either FVIII preparation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)