gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ATP Releasing Connexin 30 Hemichannels Mediate Flow-Induced Calcium Signaling in the Collecting Duct (2013)

ATP in the renal tubular fluid is an important regulator of salt and water reabsorption via purinergic calcium signaling that involves the P2Y2 receptor, ENaC, and AQP2. Recently, we have shown that connexin (Cx) 30 hemichannels are localized to the non-junctional apical membrane of cells in the distal nephron-collecting duct (CD) and release ATP into the tubular fluid upon mechanical stimuli, leading to reduced salt and water reabsorption. Cx30(-/-) mice show salt-dependent elevations in BP and impaired pressure-natriuresis. Thus, we hypothesized that increased tubular flow rate leads to Cx30-dependent purinergic intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)]i) signaling in the CD. Cortical CDs (CCDs) from wild type and Cx30(-/-) mice were freshly dissected and microperfused in vitro. Using confocal fluorescence imaging and the calcium-sensitive fluorophore pair Fluo-4 and Fura Red, we found that increasing tubular flow rate from 2 to 20 nl/min caused a significant 2.1-fold elevation in [Ca(2+)]i in wild type CCDs. This response was blunted in Cx30(-/-) CCDs ([Ca(2+)]i increased only 1.2-fold, p < 0.0001 vs. WT, n = 6 each). To further test our hypothesis we performed CD [Ca(2+)]i imaging in intact mouse kidneys in vivo using multiphoton microscopy and micropuncture delivery of the calcium-sensitive fluorophore Rhod-2. We found intrinsic, spontaneous [Ca(2+)]i oscillations in free-flowing CDs of wild type but not Cx30(-/-) mice. The [Ca(2+)]i oscillations were sensitive also to P2-receptor inhibition by suramin. Taken together, these data confirm that mechanosensitive Cx30 hemichannels mediate tubular ATP release and purinergic calcium signaling in the CD which mechanism plays an important role in the regulation of CD salt and water reabsorption.
Characteristics of low-order accommodation zone and its reservoir formation model in Xin 183 Block, Dongying Sag, Eastern China (2015)

This paper investigates the nature of an East-West strike convergent-overlapping accommodation zone in Xin 183 fault block and its influence on the hydrocarbon distribution based on a study of the fault geometry, kinematics and dynamics using 3-D seismic data, well testing data and hydrocarbon distribution data. First, a geometrical analysis indicates that the structural profile of the major fault on the west side and its associated secondary faults has a multi-stage reverse Y appearance; the profile tectonic style on the east side has a cabbage-like appearance. Second, the observed fault activities show that when the activity of the west main fault became weak, the displacement was transferred to east main fault and secondary faults. Third, a dynamical analysis demonstrates that the stress field of the area is left-lateral extensional shear. The reservoir formation model of Xin 183 accommodation zone is constructed, and the preferred hydrocarbon locations are pointed out. [Received: September 23, 2012; Accepted: July 12, 2013]
‘Tailor-made’ Polymers for the Removal of Lamellar Twinning: Resolution of α-Amino Acids by Entrainment (1999)

Pure enantiomers are frequently prepared by the technique of resolution by entrainment. However, this does not work if the samples are lamellarly twinned conglomerate crystals, which is often the case for α-amino acid salts, especially amphiphilic ones. A method based on the addition of chiral /6tailor-made′ enantioselective crystal nucleation inhibitors is presented that prevents lamellar twinning and allows resolution of hydrophobic racemic α-amino acids by kinetic crystallization. The role of the /6tailor-made′ additive is shown to provide evidence for the presence of structured clusters in supersaturated solutions.
Mixed-valence coinage metal clusters with 1,1-thioperthio ligands. Syntheses and molecular structures of the copper and gold [Cu4L3]2-, [Cu5L4]-, and [AuCu4L4]- anions (L = 1,1-dicarbo-tert-butoxyethylene-2,2-thioperthiolate). A geometrically-locked, charge-separated valence state in the [Cu5L4]- anion (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMixed-valence coinage metal clusters with 1,1-thioperthio ligands. Syntheses and molecular structures of the copper and gold [Cu4L3]2-, [Cu5L4]-, and [AuCu4L4]- anions (L = 1,1-dicarbo-tert-butoxyethylene-2,2-thioperthiolate). A geometrically-locked, charge-separated valence state in the [Cu5L4]- anionD. Coucouvanis, S. Kanodia, D. Swenson, S. J. Chen, T. Stuedemann, N. C. Baenziger, R. Pedelty, and M. ChuCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 24, 11271–11278Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00077a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00077a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views226Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (4)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of Optically Active C2‐Substituted Spiro( 4.5)decanes: Two Key Intermediates for Spirovetivane Sesquiterpenes. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Self-assembled CaF2 nanostructures on silicon (1999)

A method for chemical imaging of CaF2, CaF1, and Si by scanning tunneling spectroscopy is presented. This method is utilized for identifying the growth regimes of CaF2 and CaF1 on stepped Si(111)7×7. For CaF2 on Si(111), we find random islands, stripes, and ordered islands, depending on the supersaturation. For CaF2 on a CaF1 monolayer on Si(111), we find regular stripes that are continuous and separated from each other. CaF2 structures are attached to the bottom edge of a step when growing directly on Si, but they prefer the top of a step edge when growing on a CaF1 buffer layer. These highly regular, linear arrays of CaF2 stripes and dots can serve as masks for assembling more sophisticated nanostructures.
Optimizing treatments for anxiety by age and genetics (2015)

This paper highlights recent human neuroimaging and cross-species developmental and genetic studies that examine how fear regulation varies by age and the individual, especially during the period of adolescence, when there is a peak in the prevalence of anxiety disorders. The findings have significant implications for understanding who may be at risk for anxiety disorders and for whom, and when, an exposure-based therapy may be most effective. We provide proof of concept for targeting treatment to the individual as a function of age and genetics, inferred from mouse and human studies, and suggest optimization of treatment for nonresponders.
Subtypes for specifications: predicate subtyping in PVS (1998)

A specification language used in the context of an effective theorem prover can provide novel features that enhance precision and expressiveness. In particular, type checking for the language can exploit the services of the theorem prover. We describe a feature called "predicate subtyping" that uses this capability and illustrate its utility as mechanized in PVS.
Electrical properties of random checkerboards at finite scales (2015)

Under investigation is the scale dependent electrical conductivity (and resistivity) of two-phase random checkerboards at arbitrary volume fractions and phase contrasts. Using variational principles, rigorous mesoscale bounds are obtained on the electrical properties at finite scales by imposing a boundary condition that is either uniform electric potential or uniform current density. We demonstrate the convergence of these bounds to the effective properties with increasing length scales. This convergence gives rise to the notion of a scalar-valued scaling function that accounts for the statistical nature of the mesoscale responses. A semi-analytical closed form solution for the scaling function is obtained as a function of phase contrast, volume fraction and the mesoscale. Finally, a material scaling diagram is constructed with which the convergence to the effective properties can be assessed for any random checkerboard with arbitrary phase contrast and volume fraction.
A methodology for analysis and verification of the substrate noise coupling in HV/HT integrated circuits for automotive applications (2016)

L’industrie automobile est un marché en pleine croissance pour les circuits intégrés de puissance. Les circuits intégrés de puissance sont des systèmes électroniques miniatures qui apportent de nouvelles fonctionnalités aux véhicules. La robustesse et la fiabilité des produits électroniques embarqués dans les véhicules sont des enjeux majeurs. Il arrive pourtant que des défaillances dues au couplage par le bruit de substrat se produisent après la fabrication. L’origine de ce bruit de substrat vient de l’injection de porteurs majoritaires (trous) et minoritaires (électrons). Dans la première partie de cette thèse, nous étudions une nouvelle technique de modélisation proposée par un groupe de recherche à l’EPFL. Cette modélisation permet d’extraire les composants parasites du substrat en tenant compte des porteurs majoritaires et minoritaires. Un outil de CAO (AUTOMICS) a été développé par notre équipe à l’UPMC et est utilisé pour extraire le réseau des composants parasites de substrat s’appuyant sur les modèles de l’EPFL. Dans la deuxième partie de ce travail, nous introduisons une nouvelle méthodologie pour la conception des circuits intégrés de puissance et l’analyse des défaillances avec l’outil AUTOMICS. Nous mettons en évidence les défaillances dues à un couplage par les porteurs minoritaires dans le substrat (électrons). La méthodologie proposée est validée sur un cas d’étude industriel. Ce cas d’étude a été conçu par l’entreprise ams et validé par l’entreprise Valeo. Ce cas d’étude a un problème latch-up. Ce problème n’a pas été identifié par des simulations électriques SPICE classiques. Grâce à notre méthode, nous sommes parvenus à reproduire le phénomène de latch-up dans l’environnement de simulation SPICE. La troisième partie de ce travail présente le fonctionnement et la conception au niveau circuit d’un convertisseur de tension DC-DC. Le circuit a été fabriqué en utilisant la technologie HVCMOS 0.35μm. Nous avons modélisé l’effet du couplage par les courants de substrat entre l’agresseur et la victime et présentons des résultats de simulation cohérents avec les mesures.
MR guided focused ultrasound: technical acceptance measures for a clinical system (2006)

Magnetic resonance (MR) guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is a hybrid technique which offers efficient and safe focused ultrasound (FUS) treatments of uterine fibroids under MR guidance and monitoring. As a therapy device, MRgFUS requires systematic testing over a wide range of operational parameters prior to use in the clinical environment. We present technical acceptance tests and data for the first clinical MRgFUS system, ExAblate 2000 (InSightec Inc., Haifa, Israel), that has been FDA approved for treating uterine fibroids. These tests characterize MRgFUS by employing MR temperature measurements in tissue mimicking phantoms. The coronal scan plane is empirically demonstrated to be most reliable for measuring temperature elevations resulting from high intensity ultrasound (US) pulses ('sonications') and shows high sensitivity to changes in sonication parameters. Temperatures measured in the coronal plane were used as a measure of US energy deposited within the focal spot for a range of sonication parameters used in clinical treatments: spot type, spot length, output power, sonication duration, US frequency, and depth of sonication. In addition, MR images acquired during sonications were used to measure effective diameters and lengths of available sonication spot types and lengths. At a constant 60 W output power, the effective spot type diameters were measured to vary between 4.7 +/- 0.3 mm and 6.6 +/- 0.4 mm; treatment temperatures were found to decrease with increasing spot diameter. Prescribing different spot lengths was found to have no effect on the measured length or on measured temperatures. Tests of MRgFUS positioning accuracy determined errors in the direction parallel to the propagation of the US beam to be significantly greater than those in the perpendicular direction; most sonication spots were erroneously positioned towards the FUS transducer. The tests reported here have been demonstrated to be sufficiently sensitive to detect water leakage inside the FUS transducer. The data presented could be used for comparison by those conducting acceptance tests on other clinical MRgFUS systems.
Low Temperature X-Ray Crystallography (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLow Temperature X-Ray CrystallographyBenjamin Post and Isidor FankuchenCite this: Anal. Chem. 1953, 25, 5, 736–737Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60077a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60077a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views184Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Converting intestine into esophagus: Anterior-posterior patterning of the vertebrate gut requires Cdx2 (2010)

Comment on: Gao N, et al. Dev Cell 2009; 16:588-99.
Impact of Transceiver Impairments on the Capacity of Dual-Hop Relay Massive MIMO Systems (2015)

Despite the deleterious effect of hardware impairments on communication systems, most prior works have not investigated their impact on widely used relay systems. Most importantly, the application of inexpensive transceivers, being prone to hardware impairments, is the most cost- efficient way for the implementation of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Consequently, the direction of this paper is towards the investigation of the impact of hardware impairments on MIMO relay networks with large number of antennas. Specifically, we obtain the general expression for the ergodic capacity of dual-hop (DH) amplify-and-forward (AF) relay systems. Next, given the advantages of the free probability (FP) theory with comparison to other known techniques in the area of large random matrix theory, we pursue a large limit analysis in terms of number of antennas and users by shedding light to the behavior of relay systems inflicted by hardware impairments.
A robust integrated system for selecting and commanding multiple mobile robots (2013)

We describe a system whereby multiple humans and mobile robots interact robustly using a combination of sensing and signalling modalities. Extending our previous work on selecting an individual robot from a population by face-engagement, we show that reaching toward a robot - a specialization of pointing - can be used to designate a particular robot for subsequent one-on-one interaction. To achieve robust operation despite frequent sensing problems, the robots use three phases of human detection and tracking, and emit audio cues to solicit interaction and guide the behaviour of the human. A series of real-world trials demonstrates the practicality of our approach.
Dopant-dependent chemical wet etching phenomena of semipolar (11&#x2013;22) GaN film (2015)

Wet etching properties of semipolar (11-22) GaN films are investigated by using the different dopants, such as Si and Mg. A trigonal prism cell structure with a (0001) c-plane and the next-nearest-neighbor {10-10} m-planes is formed by KOH wet etchant. Etching rate of semipolar (11-22) Si-doped GaN film was faster than Mg-doped and undoped GaN. Regardless of dopants, the etching rate increased with etching depth.
Outcome of overseas commercial kidney transplantation: an Australian perspective (2005)

Lack of donors has led to a worldwide increase in commercial kidney transplantation programs where recipients acquire kidneys either from executed prisoners or live non-related donors. Commercial transplantation is prohibited by legislation in Australia. Our centres have had 16 patients who have travelled overseas to receive a commercial kidney transplant; five have subsequently died. As has been found previously, patients who received commercial transplants were more likely to develop infections such as HIV, hepatitis B virus, cytomegalovirus and fungal infections. Previous reports have found that patient and graft survival were comparable to local results, whereas we found that patient and graft survival were worse than transplantation within Australia. Patients considering the option of overseas commercial donation should be advised that heightened risks to life and graft survival exist.
Mutation of A677 in histone methyltransferase EZH2 in human B-cell lymphoma promotes hypertrimethylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27) (2012)

Trimethylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27me3) is a repressive posttranslational modification mediated by the histone methyltransferase EZH2. EZH2 is a component of the polycomb repressive complex 2 and is overexpressed in many cancers. In B-cell lymphomas, its substrate preference is frequently altered through somatic mutation of the EZH2 Y641 residue. Herein, we identify mutation of EZH2 A677 to a glycine (A677G) among lymphoma cell lines and primary tumor specimens. Similar to Y641 mutant cell lines, an A677G mutant cell line revealed aberrantly elevated H3K27me3 and decreased monomethylated H3K27 (H3K27me1) and dimethylated H3K27 (H3K27me2). A677G EZH2 possessed catalytic activity with a substrate specificity that was distinct from those of both WT EZH2 and Y641 mutants. Whereas WT EZH2 displayed a preference for substrates with less methylation [unmethylated H3K27 (H3K27me0):me1:me2 k(cat)/K(m) ratio = 9:6:1] and Y641 mutants preferred substrates with greater methylation (H3K27me0:me1:me2 k(cat)/K(m) ratio = 1:2:13), the A677G EZH2 demonstrated nearly equal efficiency for all three substrates (H3K27me0:me1:me2 k(cat)/K(m) ratio = 1.1:0.6:1). When transiently expressed in cells, A677G EZH2, but not WT EZH2, increased global H3K27me3 and decreased H3K27me2. Structural modeling of WT and mutant EZH2 suggested that the A677G mutation acquires the ability to methylate H3K27me2 through enlargement of the lysine tunnel while preserving activity with H3K27me0/me1 substrates through retention of the Y641 residue that is crucial for orientation of these smaller substrates. This mutation highlights the interplay between Y641 and A677 residues in the substrate specificity of EZH2 and identifies another lymphoma patient population that harbors an activating mutation of EZH2.
ChemInform Abstract: VERSUCHE ZUR POLYKONDENSATION VON 2,3,6‐TRI‐O‐BENZYL‐D‐GLUCOPYRANOSE UND POLYMERISATION VON 1,4‐ANHYDRO‐2,3,6‐TRI‐O‐BENZYL‐ALPHA‐D‐GLUCOPYRANOSE (1974)

Abstract Die Polykondensation der Tri‐O‐benzyl‐glucosen (I) und (III) läßt sich unter Protonenkatalyse nicht durchführen, weil beide Verbindungen in ihre inneren Anhydride (II) bzw. (IV) übergehen.
Regulation of RORγt in Inflammatory Lymphoid Cell Differentiation (2015)

T-helper 17 (Th17) cells differentiate from naïve CD4(+) T cells in response to signals from commensal microbiota and produce cytokines critical for the integrity of mucosal barriers. These cells also disseminate throughout the body, and are key participants in numerous inflammatory processes. A key challenge is to elucidate the mechanisms that govern Th17 cell beneficial versus pathogenic functions, characterized by different cytokine profiles. Mucosal Th17 cells require the nuclear hormone receptor RORγt for their differentiation in draining lymph nodes. Cytokine expression is enabled in select tissues, to which these cells migrate, by external cues, such as the serum amyloid A proteins produced in response to commensal bacteria by epithelial cells in the small intestine. Additional cell-intrinsic cues contributing to production of Th17 cytokines during both homeostasis and inflammation include the RORγt-associated DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX5 and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) Rmrp. The helicase activity of DDX5 is required for Rmrp-mediated assembly of the complex and colocalization with RORγt throughout the genome to regulate key Th17 genes. How these are regulated in diverse microenvironments may provide insights for therapeutic intervention in autoimmune disease.
The inhibition of gluconeogenesis following alcohol in humans (1998)

Accurate quantification of gluconeogenic flux following alcohol ingestion in overnight-fasted humans has yet to be reported. [2-13C1]glycerol, [U-13C6]glucose, [1-2H1]galactose, and acetaminophen were infused in normal men before and after the consumption of 48 g alcohol or a placebo to quantify gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, hepatic glucose production, and intrahepatic gluconeogenic precursor availability. Gluconeogenesis decreased 45% vs. the placebo (0.56 +/- 0.05 to 0.44 +/- 0.04 mg. kg-1. min-1 vs. 0.44 +/- 0.05 to 0.63 +/- 0.09 mg. kg-1. min-1, respectively, P < 0. 05) in the 5 h after alcohol ingestion, and total gluconeogenic flux was lower after alcohol compared with placebo. Glycogenolysis fell over time after both the alcohol and placebo cocktails, from 1.46-1. 47 mg. kg-1. min-1 to 1.35 +/- 0.17 mg. kg-1. min-1 (alcohol) and 1. 26 +/- 0.20 mg. kg-1. min-1, respectively (placebo, P < 0.05 vs. baseline). Hepatic glucose output decreased 12% after alcohol consumption, from 2.03 +/- 0.21 to 1.79 +/- 0.21 mg. kg-1. min-1 (P < 0.05 vs. baseline), but did not change following the placebo. Estimated intrahepatic gluconeogenic precursor availability decreased 61% following alcohol consumption (P < 0.05 vs. baseline) but was unchanged after the placebo (P < 0.05 between treatments). We conclude from these results that gluconeogenesis is inhibited after alcohol consumption in overnight-fasted men, with a somewhat larger decrease in availability of gluconeogenic precursors but a smaller effect on glucose production and no effect on plasma glucose concentrations. Thus inhibition of flux into the gluconeogenic precursor pool is compensated by changes in glycogenolysis, the fate of triose-phosphates, and peripheral tissue utilization of plasma glucose.