gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IN VITRO EFFECTS OF RECOMBINANT TISSUE TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR ON FIBRINOLYTIC AND COAGULATION PARAMETERS AND ITS PREVENTION BY SPECIFIC ANTIBODY, D-PHE-PRO-ARG-CTUCl AND APROTININ (1987)

Monitoring of systemic effects during rt-PA therapy has shown of depletion of fibrinogen-antiplasmin, plasminogen and other hemostatic factors. Because in vitro activation of plasminogen may occur between blood collection and freezing and thawing before assaying we analysed the influence of 0,0.2, 2.0 and 10.0,ug rt-PA/ml citrate blood (final conc.) on hemostatic and fibrinolytic parameters and its inhibition by 3 different inhibitors. Addition of rt-PA to citrated whole blood without an inhibitor induced a concentration-dependent depletion of Fbg, Plgα2-Apl,α2-M, C1 - I, α2-Atrp, a loss of activity of FV, VIII,IX, XIII and alterations of the global coagulation assays. No effect of rt-PA was observed on F II, VII, X, XI, XII, AT III and Protein C. To prevent in vitro fibrinogenolysis 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/ml of a polyclonal sheep anti-rt-PA-antibody, 0.3, 1.0 and 10 Aimol/1 PPACK (D-Phe-Pro-Arg-CH2Cl), 75 and 150 KlU/ml aprotinin (final conc.) and saline as a control were added to pooled citrate blood.All samples containing rt-PA and/or inhibitors and/or saline were incubated for 45 min on ice, centrifuged, aliquotted, snap frozen and stored at ™20° C until analysis. Pretreatment of blood samples with anti-rt-PA IgG prevented interferences with all fibrinolytic and most clotting assays in plasma at a dose of 2 ,ug rt-PA/ ml. PPACK was of limited utility in clotting assays, but enabled correct analysis of fibrinolytic assays. Aprotinin was suitable only for a restricted range of both assay types. It is concluded that collection of blood samples on an appropriate antibody may be the most suitable procedure to get correct measurements of in-vivo effects of rt-PA on the hemostatic system in patients undergoing fibrinolytic therapy.
Cleavage of Zearalenone‐Glycoside, a “Masked” Mycotoxin, during Digestion in Swine (1990)

Comparative analyses of cereal samples pretreated with or without beta-glucosidase indicate the presence of zearalenone-glycoside. To examine the stability of zearalenone-glycoside during digestion, mixed feed was artificially contaminated with synthesized zearalenone-4-beta-D-glucopyranoside (395 micrograms/kg) and fed to a pig over a period of 14 days. The metabolites detected in feces and urine samples were zearalenone and alpha-zearalenol. These results demonstrate that zearalenone-4-beta-D-glucopyranoside is decomposed during digestion and the aglucone, zearalenone, is released. Since zearalenone-glycoside is not detected during routine analysis, but hydrolysed during digestion, it seems likely that such "masked mycotoxins" are involved in cases of mycotoxicoses.
Circulating MicroRNAs Are Not Eliminated by Hemodialysis (2012)

In patients with acute kidney injury circulating microRNAs are not removed by dialysis. As only traces of miR-21 and -210 are detected in dialysate and ultrafiltrate, microRNAs in the circulation are likely to be transported by larger structures such as proteins and/or microvesicles. As miRNAs are not affected by dialysis they might be more robust biomarkers of acute kidney injury.
Speculative versioning cache (2002)

Dependences among loads and stores whose addresses are unknown hinder the extraction of instruction level parallelism during the execution of a sequential program. Such ambiguous memory dependences can be overcome by memory dependence speculation which enables a load or store to be speculatively executed before the addresses of all preceding loads and stores are known. Furthermore, multiple speculative stores to a memory location create multiple speculative versions of the location. Program order among the speculative versions must be tracked to maintain sequential semantics. A previously proposed approach, the address resolution buffer (ARB) uses a centralized buffer to support speculative versions. Our proposal, called the speculative versioning cache (SVC), uses distributed caches to eliminate the latency and bandwidth problems of the ARB. The SVC conceptually unifies cache coherence and speculative versioning by using an organization similar to snooping bus-based coherent caches. A preliminary evaluation for the multiscalar architecture shows that hit latency is an important factor affecting performance, and private cache solutions trade-off hit rate for hit latency.
Cortical oscillations to measure anti-epileptic drug activity in clinical trials (2021)

Abstract The frequency analysis of electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, either spontaneous or evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS-EEG), is a powerful tool to investigate changes in brain activity and excitability following the administration of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). However, a systematic evaluation of the effect of AEDs on spontaneous and TMS-induced brain oscillations has not yet been provided. We studied the effects of lamotrigine, levetiracetam, and of a novel potassium channel opener (XEN1101) on TMS-induced and spontaneous brain oscillations in a group of healthy volunteers. Levetiracetam suppressed TMS-induced theta, alpha and beta power, whereas lamotrigine increased TMS-induced alpha power. XEN1101 decreased TMS-induced delta, theta and beta power. Resting-state EEG showed a decrease of theta band power after lamotrigine intake. Levetiracetam increased theta, beta and gamma power, while XEN1101 produced an increase of delta, theta, beta and gamma power. Different AEDs induce specific patterns of power changes in spontaneous and TMS-induced brain oscillations. Spontaneous and TMS-induced cortical oscillations represent a powerful tool to characterize the effect of AEDs on in vivo brain activity. Spectral fingerprints of specific AEDs should be further investigated to provide robust and objective biomarkers of biological effect in human clinical trials.
Suzuki−Miyaura Coupling Reaction Using Pentafluorophenylboronic Acid (2005)

[reaction: see text] We have found new conditions for the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction applicable to pentafluorophenylboronic acid (C(6)F(5)B(OH)(2)) (1), which is an inactive substrate under normal conditions. The reactions of 1 with phenyl iodide or bromide under Pd(PPh(3))(4)/CsF/Ag(2)O or Pd(2)(dba)(3)/P(t-Bu)(3)/CsF/Ag(2)O catalytic system conditions gave 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoro-1,1'-biphenyl (3a) in more than 90% yields. Combination of CsF and Ag(2)O was essential for promoting these reactions.
A distal effect of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein deficiency on the lysosomal recycling of CD1d (2007)

Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident lipid transfer protein involved in the biosynthesis and lipid loading of apolipoprotein B. MTP was recently suggested to directly regulate the biosynthesis of the MHC I-like, lipid antigen presenting molecule CD1d, based on coprecipitation experiments and lipid loading assays.However, we found that the major impact of MTP defi ciency occurred distal to the ER and Golgi compartments.Thus, although the rates of CD1d biosynthesis, glycosylation maturation, and internalization from the cell surface were preserved, the late but essential stage of recycling from lysosome to plasma membrane was profoundly impaired.Likewise, functional experiments indicated defects of CD1d-mediated lipid presentation in the lysosome but not in the secretory pathway.These intriguing fi ndings suggest a novel, unexpected role of MTP at a late stage of CD1d traffi cking in the lysosomal compartment.
Dictyosome-like structures present in human testicular cells (1984)

Dictyosome-like structures (DLS) are present in human spermatocytes and spermatids. They display morphological and developmental characteristics similar to those of other species that contain DLS.
Reply to Comment by Alexandrov and Bratkovsky [cond-mat/0603467, cond-mat/0606366] (2006)

The submitted Comment is based on using an isolated quantum dot approach to discuss the situation where the coupling to the leads is considerable (not negligible). This finite lead coupling is the situation in most molecular transport junctions. In such situations the population on the molecule is not static and dynamical effects (fluctuations) are crucial. While the discussion in [Phys. Rev. B 67, 235312 (2003)], and in the Comment may well apply for an isolated molecule, it is simply irrelevant for the very different transport situation analyzed in our original contribution.
Evaluation of optical interconnects built up from a complete CMOS-photonics-devices-library (2013)

We evaluate the performances of optical interconnects that could be built up from our current CMOS-Photonics-devices library (monolithically integrated III-V-on-Si-lasers, ring-modulators, photo-detectors, and tunable ring-filters). Two operating temperatures are considered.
A classification of HTLV-III infection based on 75 cases seen in a suburban community. (1985)

Since 1981, 75 patients have been seen at our hospital with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) infection. We have classified their clinical presentation into Groups 0 to 6. Groups 0 to 3 all have antibody to the Mr 41,000 protein of HTLV-III. Group 0 has no evident disease (9 patients), Group 1 has lymphadenopathy with or without exaggerated infection (16 patients), Group 2 has persistent lymphadenopathy with chronic hepatitis B surface antigenemia or profound hypergammaglobulinemia (7 patients), Group 3 has oral candidiasis with or without lymphadenopathy (7 patients). In Group 4 are acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) adults or children (32 patients). Group 5 is a special classification for immunocompromised patients. Group 6 patients have lymphomas and Mr 41,000 protein antibody. Four children were classified separately. Three patients in Group 3 developed Group 4 disorders (AIDS). Four patients in Group 4 developed Group 6 disorders. HTLV-III infection spread in families (8 of 36), all from infected mothers to children. In 17 sexual partners, 6 were found to be infected. Five of 6 infected partners were homosexuals. We saw an inordinate number of transfusional AIDS (4 of 29) and 1 of 46 other disorders. Two infants also presented with severe intracranial defects, one with microcephaly and one with cranial calcifications and lucency. HTLV-III is spreading with alarming speed.
A gated‐beam electrospray ionization source with an external ion reservoir. A new tool for the characterization of biomolecules using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (1999)

In this work we describe a micro-electrospray ionization source equipped with an atmospheric pressure external ion shutter. The solenoid-activated shutter prevents the electrospray plume from entering the inlet capillary unless triggered to the ‘open’ position. When in the ‘closed’ position, a stable electrospray plume is maintained between the electrospray ionization (ESI) emitter and the electrically isolated face of the shutter. When the shutter is triggered, a ‘slice’ of ions is allowed to enter the inlet capillary and is subsequently accumulated in an external ion reservoir comprised of a radio frequency only (rf-only) hexapole and a pair of electrostatic elements. Following ion accumulation in the external ion reservoir, intact molecular ions of proteins, oligonucleotides, and noncovalent complexes can be stored for extended intervals (>30 minutes) prior to being transferred to the Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) trapped ion cell for mass analysis. By introducing reactive gases directly into the external ion reservoir during the storage interval, ion-molecule reactions, such as H/D exchange, can be performed at high effective pressures. This scheme obviates the need for the long reaction times and delays associated with restoring base pressure in the trapped ion cell and allows H/D exchange reactions to be conducted in a fraction of the time required using conventional in-cell exchange approaches. The back face of the shutter arm contains an elastomeric material which can be positioned to seal the inlet to the mass spectrometer resulting in lower base pressure in the ion reservoir and the FTICR cell. Additionally, it is noted that blocking the ESI plume during non-accumulation events results in reduced fouling of the source electrodes and longer times between required source cleaning. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase as a central nervous system drug discovery target (2008)

Protein kinases are critical modulators of a variety of cellular signal transduction pathways, and abnormal phosphorylation events can be a cause or contributor to disease progression in a variety of disorders. This has led to the emergence of protein kinases as an important new class of drug targets for small molecule therapeutics. A serine/threonine protein kinase, p38alpha mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), is an established therapeutic target for peripheral inflammatory disorders because of its critical role in regulation of proinflammatory cytokine production. There is increasing evidence that p38alpha MAPK is also an important regulator of proinflammatory cytokine levels in the central nervous system, raising the possibility that the kinase may be a drug discovery target for central nervous system disorders where cytokine overproduction contributes to disease progression. Development of bioavailable, central nervous system-penetrant p38alpha MAPK inhibitors provides the required foundation for drug discovery campaigns targeting p38alpha MAPK in neurodegenerative disorders.
Saturable transmission in mercury cadmium telluride (1976)

We have observed saturable absorption effects in mercury cadmium telluride. The transmission of etched Hg0.39Cd0.61Te saturates by more than a factor of 10 for high pulse energies at the wavelength λ=1.06 μm. The lifetime of this short-lived saturation is measured to be less than 50 psec.
Investigation of Crude-Oil/Mineral Interactions: Factors Influencing Wettability Alteration (1993)

SUMMARY The influences of core-pretreatment, brine saturation, and CO2-flooding on wettability alteration, and the site, nature and extent of organic deposition in Berea sandstone cores were investigated. Core samples were evaluated using the Amott method for wettability determination, pyrolysis, thin-section microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Investigations showed that CO2-flooding, KOH-treatment, and the presence of brine influenced wettability and the extent of organic deposition; however, there was little correlation between the degree of wettability alteration and the extent of organic deposition.
Systematic analysis of essential genes reveals new regulators of G protein signaling (2010)

The yeast pheromone pathway consists of a canonical heterotrimeric G protein and MAP kinase cascade. To identify new signaling components we systematically evaluated 870 essential genes using a library of repressible‐promoter strains. Quantitative transcription‐reporter and MAPK activity assays were used to identify strains that exhibit altered pheromone sensitivity. Of the 92 newly identified essential genes required for proper G protein signaling, those involved with protein degradation were most highly‐represented. Included in this group are members of the SCF (Skp‐Cullin‐F‐Box) ubiquitin ligase complex. Further genetic and biochemical analysis reveals that SCF Cdc4 acts together with the Cdc34 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme at the level of the G protein, promotes degradation of the G protein α subunit, Gpa1, in vivo and catalyzes Gpa1 ubiquitination in vitro . These new insights to the G protein signaling network reveal the essential‐genome as an untapped resource for identifying new components and regulators of signal transduction pathways.
Pectic polysaccharide fromNelumbo nuciferaleaves promotes intestinal antioxidant defensein vitroandin vivo (2021)

In this study, the <i>Nelumbo nucifera</i> leaf polysaccharide (NNLP) was isolated by hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation. DEAE anion exchange chromatography and gel filtration were further performed to obtained the purified fraction NNLP-I-I, the molecular weight of which was 16.4 kDa. The monosaccharide composition analysis and linkage units determination showed that the fraction NNLP-I-I was a pectic polysaccharide. In addition, the NMR spectra analysis revealed that NNLP-I-I mainly consisted of a homogalacturonan backbone and rhamnogalacturonan I, containing a long HG region and short RG-I region, with AG-II and 1-3 linked rhamnose as side chains. The biological studies demonstrated that NNLP-I-I displayed antioxidant properties through mediating the Nrf2-regulated intestinal cellular antioxidant defense, which could protect cultured intestinal cells from oxidative stress and improve the intestinal function of aged mice.
CdTe solar cells: Electronic and morphological properties (1997)

CdTe solar cells have been produced with record efficiency and excellent stability from a low cost manufacturing line. Efficiency of 14.7% has been attained by standard manufacturing film deposition processes on soda lime glass. Modules were produced that have 10.5% active area efficiency. Long term testing of modules have shown degradation rates of less than 0.5%/year. These improvements have been linked to changes in CdTe morphology produced by recrystallization time/temperature profiles.
Hash-Chain based Micropayment without Disclosing Privacy Information (2005)

해쉬체인은 계산속도가 빠른 해쉬함수를 이용하여 체인을 구성하는 구조이다. 이 구조를 이용하여 one-time 패스워드, 서버지원 서명(signature) 그리고 소액지불과 같은 다양한 암호학 응용에 사용되고 있다. 그러나 선불방식에 사용하고 있는 대부분의 해쉬 체인기반 시스템들은 익명성을 지원하지만 익명성으로 인하여 지불비용이 증가하는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 따라서, 이 논문에서는 고객의 사생활 보호에 중점을 두면서 루트값이 인출되는 과정에서 한번만 은닉서명을 하여 사용자의 익명성을 보장하고, 시스템에 사용하는 공개키 대신 비밀키를 사용하여 인증서의 역할을 수행하지 않도록 효율성을 향상시킨 새로운 해쉬체인 기반 소액지불시스템을 제안한다. A hash chain is a structure organized by hash function with high speed in computation. Systems using the hash chain are using extensively in various cryptography applications such as one-time passwords, server-supported signatures and micropayments. However, the most hash chain based on the system using pre-paid method provides anonymity but has the problem to increase payment cost. In this paper, we propose a new hash chain based on the micropayment system to keep user anonymity safe through blind signature in the withdrawal process of the root value without disclosing privacy information, and to improve efficiency by using secret key instead of public key in the system without the role of certificate.
Impaired K+ channel function leads to increased catecholamine secretion by adrenal chromaffin cells in DOCA‐salt hypertension (2012)

Sympathetic nerve activity is increased in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) salt model of hypertension and catecholamine secretion from adrenal chromaffin cells is increased in DOCA‐salt rats. This includes the number of vesicles released by stimulation (acetylcholine, 1 mM). We tested the hypothesis that individual chromaffin granule size was increased and that K+ channel function was impaired in chromaffin cells from DOCA‐salt rats. Using the charge value obtained from individual events a vesicle radius can be determined by taking the cubed root of the charge. These data showed a positive shift in the mean Q1/3 value for DOCA‐salt release events compared to sham events suggesting that the increase in charge observed is due in part to increased vesicle radii. To determine why DOCA‐salt cells have increased release frequency compared to sham cells, K+ channel function was investigated. We used the K+ channel blockers paxilline (BK), 4‐aminopyridine (Kv1), glibenclamide (ATP‐sensitive) and apamin (SK). Paxilline and glibenclamide (but not apamin or glibenclamide) increased the number of secretory events and total number of catecholamines oxidized from sham chromaffin cells, however did not effect release from DOCA‐salt cells. We conclude that increased vesicle radius and impaired potassium channel function contribute to increased secretion and quantal charge in DOCA‐salt chromaffin cells.
C.4 Methodologies of Safety Assessment in Clinical Pharmacology (2010)

An important objective of clinical pharmacology is the early and ongoing assessment of the safety and tolerability of a new drug. This is done by assessing the type, frequency, and severity of side effects, assessing in which patient population these side effects may occur at which dose or exposure, for what duration and whether these side effects are reversible. The terminology for the safety assessment of drugs has some specifics that need to be explained right at the beginning of this chapter.
Each naïve B cell within a polyclonal repertoire produces a different frequency and pattern of effector cells (LYM6P.769) (2014)

Abstract Following activation with antigen, naïve B cells undergo a robust proliferative expansion and differentiation that results in the production of numerous distinct cell types with different roles in protective immunity. In fact, germinal center B cells, memory B cells, plasma cells and an undifferentiated population of T/B border B cells are all detected 7 days following immunization. While some of the transcriptional regulators and extrinsic factors directing differentiation of these subtypes are known, these mechanisms cannot account for the simultaneous existence of all 4 cell subtypes. By tracking the response of a single naïve B cell within a polyclonal response we find that an individual naïve B cell usually contributes half of the subtypes found in a polyclonal response. In fact, the progeny of only 8% of cells analyzed contained all 4 subtypes while 12% of cells only generated a single subtype. One factor constraining differentiation is B cell receptor affinity for antigen, but individual cells with identical receptors do produce different patterns of progeny. Thus, the heterogeneity found within the polyclonal response is in part the result of the differential responses of individual naïve B cells.
A Survey of Recent Synthetic Applications of 2,3-Dideoxy-Hex-2-enopyranosides (2015)

Unsaturated carbohydrate derivatives are useful intermediates in synthetic transformations leading to a variety of compounds. The aim of this review is to highlight the rich chemistry of ∆-2,3 unsaturated pyranosides, emphasizing the variety of transformations that have been carried out in these substrates during the last decade.
Heteroepitaxial Growth of Orientation-Ordered ZnS Nanowire Arrays (2008)

Zinc sulfide (ZnS) is an important functional material for electronics and optoelectronics. In this paper, heteroepitaxial growth of ZnS nanowire arrays on Zn3P2 crystals, which are structural uniform with preferred (0001) growth directions, was fulfilled by using a simple thermal evaporation method. Studies found that hexagonal ZnS and tetragonal Zn3P2 showed a good orientation relationship of [010]Zn3P2//[12̅10]ZnS and (101)Zn3P2//(0002)ZnS, which makes it possible to obtain well-aligned ZnS nanowire arrays epitaxially grown on Zn3P2 crystals. As-grown ZnS nanowire arrays show a strong broad green emission band centered at 554 nm and a weak emission band at about 802 nm. Field-emission studies found that they show good field emissions with a turn-on field of about 3.72 V/μm.
Acute Viral Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Cambodian Children (2012)

Similar to other tropical countries, rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus were the principal viral pathogens detected among children hospitalized for lower tract respiratory infection in Cambodia.
Coiled combustible fuel fluid storage system and method (2023)

A system for storing natural gas comprises a plurality of straight sections of tube. The plurality of straight sections of tube are dense packed. The plurality of straight sections of tube are configured to fill a designated volume.