gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of Artificial Noise for Physical Layer Security in Visible Light Systems with Clipping (2022)

Though visible light communication (VLC) systems are contained to a given room, ensuring their security amongst users in a room is essential. In this paper, the design of artificial noise (AN) to enhance physical layer security in VLC systems is studied in the context of input signals with no explicit amplitude constraint (such as multicarrier systems). In such systems, clipping is needed to constrain the input signals within the limited linear ranges of the LEDs. However, this clipping process gives rise to non-linear clipping distortion, which must be incorporated into the AN design. To facilitate the solution of this problem, a sub-optimal design approach is presented using the Charnes-Cooper transformation and the convex-concave procedure (CCP). Numerical results show that the clipping distortion significantly reduces the secrecy level, and using AN is advantageous over the no-AN scheme in improving the secrecy performance.
Comparison of the virulence of O:9,12 and O:4,5,12 Salmonella typhimurium his+ transductants for mice (1977)

The purpose of these experiments was to determine whether qualitative differences in the O repeat unit of the lipopolysaccharide of pathogenic Salmonella species affected virulence for mice. O:4,5,12 and O:9,12 sister his+ transductants were derived from a virulent Salmonella typhimurium. Fermentation markers were introduced by transduction to differentiate these strains, and the strains were used as mixed challenge to CF1 and C57B1/6J mice. Liver and spleen cultures of the mice of various intervals after challenge indicated that the O:4,5,12 member of the nearly isogenic pair regularly multiplied to a greater extent than the O:9,12 after intraperitoneal challenge for both strains of mice. After oral challenge, there was little difference in the amount of multiplication of the O:4,5,12 and O:9,12 strains in CF1 mice, but the O:4,5,12 was the predominant strain recovered in 8 of 10 instances in the C57B1/6J mice.
Molecular defect in factor IXHilo, a hemophilia Bm variant: Arg----Gln at the carboxyterminal cleavage site of the activation peptide (1989)

A genomic DNA library and the enzymatic DNA amplification technique were used to isolate human factor IX coding sequences of a hemophilia Bm variant, factor IXHilo. A point mutation that resulted in the substitution of a glutamine (CAG) for an arginine (CGG) at amino acid 180 was found in exon VI of the factor IX gene (G----A at nucleotide 20519). This mutation alters the carboxy terminal cleavage site for the activation peptide at Arg180-Val181. The arginine residue at the activation peptide cleavage site is conserved in mouse, canine, bovine, and human factor IX, suggesting that the arginine at amino acid 180 is important for normal cleavage. Sequencing of all of the coding regions of factor IXHilo revealed no other mutations. We have also shown that the point mutation in exon VI creates a new Dde I restriction site, which, in combination with the enzymatic DNA amplification technique, provides a quick, reliable, and sensitive method for carrier detection and antenatal diagnosis in affected kindreds. This is the first report of the molecular defect in a hemophilia Bm patient with a markedly prolonged ox brain prothrombin time.
Approaches to tracking and targeting drug interactions in living systems (2006)

We are developing micro‐ and nano‐scale particle probes to elucidate the molecular level interactions of anticancer natural products in living systems. Geldanamycin is a well known anticancer natural product with tight binding affinity for heat shock protein 90, and these investigations have focused on the effects of the nanoparticle structural design on the cellular drug localization by cytometry. Our results indicate that nanoparticle uptake is dependent upon the density of geldanamycin molecules per particle, where the molecular load has been determined by sedimentation and fluorescence spectroscopic analyses. An alternative set of particle‐based technologies were employed to assess the mechanism of action of a novel class of marine macrolides called iejimalides. Drug‐bead‐based proteomic methods using an affinity purification strategy coupled with high‐throughput MS/MS analysis have identified multiple binding partners and protein complexes. These two different scales of particle‐based probes illustrate how different ranges of binding affinities and in‐cell behavior of distinct natural product drugs can be assessed. In particular, the capacity to impart drug like properties to appropriately sized particles opens new avenues for analyzing the complexity of natural product cellular pharmacology. This work was supported in part by the Purdue Cancer Center NIH training grant number 5T32CA09634‐14, and NIH R21CA91116 (VJD).
Complex karyotype in patients with mantle cell lymphoma predicts inferior survival and poor response to intensive induction therapy (2018)

CK appears to be independently associated with inferior outcomes in patients with MCL regardless of the intensity of induction therapy and receipt of ASCT. Cytogenetics should be incorporated into the workup of a new diagnosis of MCL and novel therapeutic approaches should be investigated for patients with CK. Cancer 2018;124:2306-15. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
DIRECT DBS: A Prospective, Multi-center Clinical Study with Blinding for a Directional Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) Lead (P4.068) (2018)

To characterize effects in subjects with Parkinson’s disease implanted with a directional Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) system with leads targeting the Subthalamic Nucleus that include radially segmented electrodes designed for selective stimulation in directions orthogonal to the lead trajectory in addition to standard cylindrical electrodes.
Marinobacter koreensis sp. nov., isolated from sea sand in Korea (2006)

A marine, Gram-negative, aerobic, motile, straight-rod-shaped, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain DD-M3T, was isolated from sea sand in Pohang, Korea. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain fell within the evolutionary radiation encompassed by the genus Marinobacter. The levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the novel strain and the type strains of recognized Marinobacter species ranged from 94.2 to 97.6%, the highest values being with Marinobacter flavimaris SW-145T (97.6%) and Marinobacter lipolyticus SM19T (96.8%). The values for DNA-DNA relatedness between isolate DD-M3T and the type strains of the most closely related species, M. flavimaris and M. lipolyticus, were 41 and 36%, respectively. Strain DD-M3T was characterized as having Q-9 as the predominant respiratory quinone and 16:0, summed feature 3 and 18:1omega9c as the main fatty acids. The DNA G+C content was 54.1 mol%. On the basis of its phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, DD-M3T represents a novel species of the genus Marinobacter, for which the name Marinobacter koreensis sp. nov. is proposed, with DD-M3T (=KACC 11513T=DSM 17924T) as the type strain.
The role of dendritic cells in shaping the immune response (2004)

Dendritic cells are central to the initiation of primary immune responses. They are the only antigen-presenting cell capable of stimulating naive T cells, and hence they are pivotal in the generation of adaptive immunity. Dendritic cells also interact with and influence the response of cells of the innate immune system. The manner in which dendritic cells influence the responses in cells of both the innate and adaptive immune systems has consequences for the bias of the adaptive response that mediates immunity to infection after vaccination or infection. It also provides an opportunity to intervene and to influence the response, allowing ways of developing appropriate vaccination strategies. Mouse and human studies have identified myeloid, lymphoid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Studies in domesticated animals with agents of specific infectious diseases have confirmed the applicability of certain of the generic models developed from mice or from in vitro studies on human cells. In vivo and ex vivo studies in cattle have demonstrated the existence of a number of subpopulations of myeloid dendritic cells. These cells differ in their ability to stimulate T cells and in the cytokines that they produce, observations clearly having important implications for the bias of the T-cell response. Dendritic cells also interact with the innate immune system, inducing responses that potentially bias the subsequent adaptive response.
Ultrastructural Study of Mitochondrial Damage in CHO Cells Exposed to Hyperthermia (1988)

A unique direct-view stereo electron microscope technique was used to visualize the structure and three-dimensional distributions of mitochondria in CHO cells in situ following hyperthermic treatments. Aberrations induced by various heating regimens were recorded. The protocol included a trypsin digestion that may have enhanced the expression of the initial heat damage. The developed damage was observed as increasing levels of mitochondrial distortion, swelling, and dissociation. Minimal damage was induced at 42 degrees C for exposures of up to 4 h, while significant damage was induced at 43 degrees C for exposures of more than 30 min and at 45 degrees C for exposures of more than 10 min. For moderate exposures, a partial recovery of mitochondrial integrity was observed when the heat treatment was followed by incubation at 37 degrees C for 24 h. Mitochondrial damage was related to the heat dose in that increasing treatment temperature resulted in greater damage, but when compared to cell survival the damage did not parallel cell killing under all time-temperature conditions.
Theoretical interpretation of the rotational barrier in benzophenone ketyl (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTheoretical interpretation of the rotational barrier in benzophenone ketylFernando Bernardi, Maurizio Guerra, and Gian F. PedulliCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1974, 78, 21, 2144–2148Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1974https://doi.org/10.1021/j100614a016RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views47Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (673 KB) Get e-Alerts
CEPHALOMANNINE AND 10-DEACETYLTAXOL CYTOTOXICITY IN HUMAN GLIAL AND NEUROBLASTOMA CELL-LINES (1993)

The cytotoxic effects of taxol, 10-deacetyltaxol, and cephalomannine at concentrations of 0.1 mug/ml to 10.0 mug/ml for one and 24 hours exposure were determined in two human glioblastoma multiforme and two neuroblastoma cell lines using the MTT method. The neuroblastoma cell lines were established from previously treated patients, while the glioblastomas were from untreated patients. There was a proportionate concentration-toxicity relationship for all four cell lines. The neuroblastoma SK-N-FI was consistently the most resistant to all three drugs. The order of potency after a one hour exposure was taxol, 10-deacetyltaxol and cephalomannine. Cephalomannine contained 1.5% taxol impurity and 10-deacetyltaxol, 4.5% taxol hence the contribution of taxol to these substances' toxic effects was minimal. We conclude that tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system are sensitive to 10-deacetyltaxol and cephalomannine and these drugs are less toxic than taxol but remain within a therapeutic range.
Aβ Immunotherapy: Lessons Learned for Potential Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease (2005)

Amyloid-beta (A beta) immunotherapy for treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) was first described in 1999 and has been very informative regarding the role of A beta in AD. Through the efforts of many laboratories we now know that it is possible to reduce amyloid burden and many related AD pathologies in numerous animal models of the disease. Furthermore, initial clinical testing with AN1792, composed of A beta(1-42 )and an adjuvant, has yielded very important insights into both the clinical potential of the approach and the impact of A beta peptide on the disease. A brief review of our current understanding of A beta immunotherapy is described. These findings have led to newer alternative A beta immunotherapy approaches that include both active and passive approaches that are currently in clinical testing in both the USA and Europe.
A permanent magnet for whole-body NMR imaging (1985)

Permanent magnets appear to provide a viable alternative to resistive and superconducting magnets for whole-body NMR imaging. Less expensive imaging systems, substantially reduced siting costs, and lower operating costs would be realized. Two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA) are used to optimize magnet design and to determine appropriate shimming to obtain the desired magnetic field homogeneity. Several innovations of both 2DFEA and 3DFEA are described in this paper. A whole-body permanent magnet will be constructed in 1985. Using ceramic 10 magnet material, a central magnetic field of approximately 0.15T (1500 gauss) can be obtained with an airgap of 50 cm, and a pole piece of 100 cm × 180 cm × 30 cm. A box-like support structure, with U-shaped sides, constrains the majority of magnetic flux to the vicinity of the magnet, increases the magnetic field in the airgap and improves field homogeneity. Weight of the magnet structure will be approximately 10,000 kg (11 tons). A homogeneity of 30 to 50 ppm is anticipated over a centrally-located 25 cm cube by appropriate mechanical shimming.
Der Einfluß des pH, der Temperatur und der Polarität des Lösungsmittels auf die Absorption des reduzierten und oxidierten Nicotinamidadenin-dinucleotids bei 260 nm / Influence of pH, Temperature and Polarity of the Solvent on the Absorption of NADH+ and NADH at 260 nm (1980)

Assuming a reversible equilibrium of an unfolded and a base-stacked conformation of both NADH and NAD+ the influence of pH, temperature and methanol on this equilibrium was studied as indicated by the UV-absorption of the adenine, band at 260 nm. By the addition of methanol as well as by an increase of temperature the equilibrium is shifted to the unfolded conformation. An increase of the H+ concentration seems to favor the unfolded conformation in the case of NAD+ while for NADH a decrease of the absorption coefficient is pointing to a higher percentage of the stacked conformation at lower pH. From the temperature variation of the absorption coefficients the enthalpies for the conformational change were calculated and compared with data obtained by different methods.
Spread rate of lumpy skin disease in the Balkans, 2015-2016 (2017)

After its introduction in Turkey in November 2013 and subsequent spread in this country, lumpy skin disease (LSD) was first reported in the western Turkey in May 2015. It was observed in cattle in Greece and reported to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) in August 2015. From May 2015 to August 2016, 1,092 outbreaks of lumpy skin disease were reported in cattle from western Turkey and eight Balkan countries: Greece, Bulgaria, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Serbia, Kosovo, and Albania. During this period, the median LSD spread rate was 7.3 km/week. The frequency of outbreaks was highly seasonal, with little or no transmission reported during the winter. Also, the skewed distribution of spread rates suggested two distinct underlying epidemiological processes, associating local and distant spread possibly related to vectors and cattle trade movements, respectively.
Numerical Analysis of the Unsteady Cavitating Flows in a 2D-Cascade and a 3D-Inducer (2007)

The unsteady cavitating flow in a turbopump inducer has been analyzed using CFD simulation results. An accurate three-dimensional detached eddy simulation (DES) code which took into account the cavitating phenomena was used. The three-dimensional code is based on the numerical method for compressible flow using low Mach number flow approximation. The cavitation is modeled by the source/sink of vapor phase in the liquid flow. The code has been applied for cavitating flows in both a 2D cascade and a 3D inducer. The computational results showed similar unsteady behaviors to experimental measurements in terms of the direction in cavity propagations and tendency in cavity developments. Mechanism for the unsteady cavitating flow such as rotating cavitation is investigated by analyzing the numerical results. One model is proposed to describe the reason why the cavity appears to propagate in the forward direction.
N+ ion-irradiated Zr/SiO2 interface. XPS study. (1988)

Interface of N+ion-irradiated Zr/SiO2 was examined by the XPS method combined with Ar+ion sputteretching. The ion irradiation was found to form a diffusion layer at the interface and to generate chemical bonds like Zr-Si and Zr-O-Si in the diffusion layer. The diffusion layer was inferred to be an atomically mixed phase of Zr, Si, O, and N atoms rather than a mixed phase of Zr and SiO2.
Improvement of Current-Voltage Characteristics in Organic Light Emitting Diodes by Application of Reversed-Bias Voltage (1998)

The effects of reversed-bias application on current-voltage and luminance-voltage characteristics of standard-type double-layer organic light emitting diodes [OLEDs], ITO/TPD(50 nm)/Alq 3 (50 nm)/Mg:Ag, were investigated. Both the magnitude of reversed-bias and the duration of reversed-bias application were systematically changed. Evident voltage shifts towards the lower voltage side in current-voltage and luminance-voltage characteristics were observed in the diodes which were treated under various reversed-bias condition. The longer the duration of reversed-bias application, the larger the voltage shift was. A maximum voltage shift of 0.7 V was observed in the diode treated under a -10 V bias for 3 h. Little change in luminance-current density relationships was observed for diodes which were treated under various reversed-bias conditions. The results were interpreted in terms of the movement of ionic impurities and orientational rearrangements of permanent dipoles in organic layers.
Promotion of Ceria Catalysts by Precious Metals: Changes in Nature of the Interaction under Reducing and Oxidizing Conditions (2012)

By depositing ceria over supported precious metal (PM) catalysts and characterizing them with in situ diffuse reflectance UV (DR UV) and in situ Raman spectroscopy, we have been able to prove a direct correlation between a decrease in ceria band gap and the work function of the metal under reducing conditions. The PM–ceria interaction results in changes on the ceria side of the metal–ceria interface, such that the degree of oxygen vacancy formation on the ceria surface also correlates with the precious metal work function. Nevertheless, conclusive evidence for a purely electronic interaction could not be provided by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. On the contrary, the results highlight the complexity of the PM–ceria interaction by supporting a spillover mechanism resulting from the electronic interaction under reducing conditions. Under oxidizing conditions, another effect has been observed, namely, a structural modification of ceria induced by the presence of PM cations. In particular, we have been able to demonstrate by in situ Raman spectroscopy that, depending on the PM ionic radius, it is possible to create PM–ceria solid solutions. We observed that this structural modification prevails under an oxidizing atmosphere, whereas electronic and chemical interactions take place under reducing conditions.
Critical Habitat Elements, with an Emphasis on Coarse Woody Debris, Associated with Ant Presence or Absence in the Moist Cold Sub-Boreal Forests of the Interior of British Columbia (2017)

Given both the ubiquity and ecological roles described for ants in British Columbia, an understanding of the habitat elements critical to predicting their presence is desirable. We used logistic regression to model the presence and absence of ants in sub-boreal lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson) forests of west-central British Columbia (BC). Methodological emphasis was placed on the association between ants and coarse woody debris (CWD) because of a high degree of utilization of this resource for nesting. Five species of ants, Camponotus herculeanus (L.), Formica aserva Forel, F. neorufibarbis Emery, Leptothorax muscorum (Nylander), and Myrmica alaskensis Wheeler, comprised approximately 90% of all captures in samples of CWD within five seral ages (2–3, 8–10, 13–15, 23–25 years post-harvest, and non-harvested stands). Seral age, presence of other ant colonies of the same species, decay class of CWD, its surface area, and whether the wood was downed woody debris (DWD) or a stump, were significant variables affecting ant presence or absence. These results are explained in the context of ant species autecology as it relates to living in cool climates.
Denervation During Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis Results in Impaired Osteogenesis (2021)

Tevlin, Ruth MB BAO BCh, MRCSI, MD; Januszyk, Michael MD, PhD; Griffin, Michelle MD, PhD; Salhotra, Ankit BS; Wan, Derrick C. MD, FACS; Chan, Charles KF. PhD; Longaker, Michael T. MD, MBA, FACS Author Information
Learning to Make Analogies by Contrasting Abstract Relational Structure (2019)

Analogical reasoning has been a principal focus of various waves of AI research. Analogy is particularly challenging for machines because it requires relational structures to be represented such that they can be flexibly applied across diverse domains of experience. Here, we study how analogical reasoning can be induced in neural networks that learn to perceive and reason about raw visual data. We find that the critical factor for inducing such a capacity is not an elaborate architecture, but rather, careful attention to the choice of data and the manner in which it is presented to the model. The most robust capacity for analogical reasoning is induced when networks learn analogies by contrasting abstract relational structures in their input domains, a training method that uses only the input data to force models to learn about important abstract features. Using this technique we demonstrate capacities for complex, visual and symbolic analogy making and generalisation in even the simplest neural network architectures.