gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Role of ChemR23 Signaling in Pollutant-Induced Inflammatory Lung Responses (2016)

Inhalation of traffic-related particulate matter (e.g., diesel exhaust particles [DEPs]) is associated with acute inflammatory responses in the lung, and it promotes the development and aggravation of allergic airway diseases. We previously demonstrated that exposure to DEP was associated with increased recruitment and maturation of monocytes and conventional dendritic cells (DCs), resulting in TH2 polarization. Monocytes and immature DCs express the G-protein coupled receptor chemR23, which binds the chemoattractant chemerin. Using chemR23 knockout (KO) and corresponding wild-type (WT) mice, we determined the role of chemR23 signaling in response to acute exposure to DEPs and in response to DEP-enhanced house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic airway inflammation. Exposure to DEP alone, as well as combined exposure to DEP plus HDM, elevated the levels of chemerin in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of WT mice. In response to acute exposure to DEPs, monocytes and monocyte-derived DCs accumulated in the lungs of WT mice, but this response was significantly attenuated in chemR23 KO mice. Concomitant exposure to DEP plus HDM resulted in allergic airway inflammation with increased eosinophilia, goblet cell metaplasia, and TH2 cytokine production in WT mice, which was further enhanced in chemR23 KO mice. In conclusion, we demonstrated an opposing role for chemR23 signaling depending on the context of DEP-induced inflammation. The chemR23 axis showed proinflammatory properties in a model of DEP-induced acute lung inflammation, in contrast to anti-inflammatory effects in a model of DEP-enhanced allergic airway inflammation.
Pseudodipeptide Inhibitors of Protein Farnesyltransferase (1995)

A series of pseudodipeptide amides are described that inhibit Ras protein farnesyltransferase (PFTase). These inhibitors are truncated versions of the C-terminal tetrapeptide (CAAX motif) of Ras that serves as the signal sequence for PFTase-catalyzed protein farnesylation. In contrast to CAAX peptidomimetics previously reported, these inhibitors do not have a C-terminal carboxyl moiety, yet they inhibit farnesylation in vitro at < 100 nM. Despite the absence of the X residue in the CAAX motif, which normally directs prenylation specificity, these pseudodipeptides are greater than 100-fold selective for PFTase over type 1 protein geranylgeranyltransferase.
Number of Signatures Necessary for Accurate Classification (1976)

This paper presents a procedure for determining the number of signatures to use in classifying multispectral scanner data. A large initial set of signatures is obtained by clustering the training points within each category (such as "wheat" or "other") to be recognized. These clusters are then combined into broader signatures by a program that considers each pair of signatures within a category, combines the best pair in the light of certain criteria, saves the combined signature and repeats the procedure until there is one signature for each category. The result is a collection of sets of signatures, one set for each number between the number of initial clusters and the number of categories. With the aid of statistics such as an estimate of the probability of misclassification between categories, the user can choose the smallest set satisfying his requirements for classification accuracy.
Promoter Methylation of <b><i>LEP</i></b> and <b><i>LEPR</i></b> before and after Bariatric Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Study (2021)

These findings strengthen the suggestion that there is an association between LEP expression and LEP methylation in obesity. We suggest that the epigenetic profile of LEP might be influenced by leptin serum levels in the form of a regulating feedback mechanism.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF SOME NEW N,N′‐DI‐(SUBSTITUTED 2‐BENZOTHIAZOLYL)GUANIDINES AS ANTITUBERCULARS AND CNS DEPRESSANTS (1977)

Abstract Die 2‐Aminobenzothiazole (I) reagieren mit Schwefelkohlenstoff in siedender wäßrig‐alkoholischer Kalilauge in 50 ‐ 79%iger Ausbeute zu den Bis‐benzothiazolyl‐thioharnstoffen (II), aus denen mit Bleioxid in wäßrig‐alkoholischen Ammoniak bzw. Aminen in 43 ‐ 88%iger Ausbeute die Guanidine (III) erhalten werden.
The Fission Yeast TOR Homolog,tor1 +, Is Required for the Response to Starvation and Other Stresses via a Conserved Serine (2001)

Targets of rapamycin (TORs) are conserved phosphatidylinositol kinase-related kinases that are involved in the coordination between nutritional or mitogenic signals and cell growth. Here we report the initial characterization of two Schizosaccharomyces pombe TOR homologs, tor1(+) and tor2(+). tor2(+) is an essential gene, whereas tor1(+) is required only under starvation and other stress conditions. Specifically, Deltator1 cells fail to enter stationary phase or undergo sexual development and are sensitive to cold, osmotic stress, and oxidative stress. In complex with the prolyl isomerase FKBP12, the drug rapamycin binds a conserved domain in TORs, FRB, thus inhibiting some of the functions of TORs. Mutations at a conserved serine within the FRB domain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TOR proteins led to rapamycin resistance but did not otherwise affect the functions of the proteins. The S. pombe tor1(+) exhibits different features; substitution of the conserved serine residue, Ser(1834), with arginine compromises its functions and has no effect on the inhibition that rapamycin exerts on sexual development in S. pombe.
Long-Term Stability of Nitrifying Granules in a Membrane Bioreactor without Hydraulic Selection Pressure (2021)

To understand the long-term stability of nitrifying granules in a membrane bioreactor (GMBR), a membrane module was submerged in an airlift reactor to eliminate the hydraulic selection pressure that was believed to be the driving force of aerobic granulation. The long-term monitoring results showed that the structure of nitrifying granules could remain stable for 305 days in the GMBR without hydraulic selection pressure; however, the majority of the granule structure was actually inactive due to mass diffusion limitation. As a consequence, active biomass free of mass diffusion limitation only inhabited the top 60–80 µm layer of the nitrifying granules. There was a dynamic equilibrium between bioflocs and membrane, i.e., 25% of bioflocs attached on the membrane surface within the last nine days of the backwash cycle in synchronization with the emergence of a peak of soluble extracellular polymeric substances (sEPS), with a concentration of around 47 mg L−1. Backwash can eventually detach and return these bioflocs to the bulk solution. However, the rate of membrane fouling did not change with and without the biofloc attachment. In a certain sense, the GMBR investigated in this study functioned in a similar fashion as an integrated fixed-film activated sludge membrane bioreactor and thus defeated the original purpose of GMBR development. The mass diffusion problem and sEPS production should be key areas of focus in future GMBR research.
Metal Flow in Rotary Splitting of Circular Disk (2014)

An experimental study of rotary splitting of circular disk was conducted to survey the effect of forming parametars on the metal flow in rotary spritting. It was found that the radial force Fr increases with the increase in the initial blank thickness t0, the feed rate of roller v and the apex angle of forming roller α. It was also found that the length of the straight part of formed V-shaped profile ls increases with the increase in the initial blank thickness t0 and the apex angle of forming roller α.
Evaluation Of Video Segmentation Methods For Surveillance Applications (2000)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Tampere, Finland, 2000
High-Resolution 3D Printing of Stretchable Hydrogel Structures Using Optical Projection Lithography (2019)

Double-network (DN) hydrogels, with their unique combination of mechanical strength and toughness, have emerged as promising materials for soft robotics and tissue engineering. In the past decade, significant effort has been devoted to synthesizing DN hydrogels with high stretchability and toughness; however, shaping the DN hydrogels into complex and often necessary user-defined two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) geometries remains a fabrication challenge. Here, we report a new fabrication method based on optical projection lithography to print DN hydrogels into customizable 2D and 3D structures within minutes. DN hydrogels were printed by first photo-crosslinking a single network structure via spatially modulated light patterns followed by immersing the printed structure in a calcium bath to induce ionic cross-linking. Results show that DN structures made by this method can stretch four times their original lengths. We show that strain and the elastic modulus of printed structures can be tuned based on the hydrogel composition, cross-linker and photoinitiator concentrations, and laser light intensity. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating quick lithography and high-resolution printing of DN (covalent and ionic) hydrogels within minutes. The ability to shape tough and stretchable DN hydrogels in complex structures will be potentially useful in a broad range of applications.
Motion Synthesis for Sports Using Unobtrusive Lightweight Body‐Worn and Environment Sensing (2013)

Abstract The ability to accurately achieve performance capture of athlete motion during competitive play in near real‐time promises to revolutionize not only broadcast sports graphics visualization and commentary, but also potentially performance analysis, sports medicine, fantasy sports and wagering. In this paper, we present a highly portable, non‐intrusive approach for synthesizing human athlete motion in competitive game‐play with lightweight instrumentation of both the athlete and field of play. Our data‐driven puppetry technique relies on a pre‐captured database of short segments of motion capture data to construct a motion graph augmented with interpolated motions and speed variations. An athlete's performed motion is synthesized by finding a related action sequence through the motion graph using a sparse set of measurements from the performance, acquired from both worn inertial and global location sensors. We demonstrate the efficacy of our approach in a challenging application scenario, with a high‐performance tennis athlete wearing one or more lightweight body‐worn accelerometers and a single overhead camera providing the athlete's global position and orientation data. However, the approach is flexible in both the number and variety of input sensor data used. The technique can also be adopted for searching a motion graph efficiently in linear time in alternative applications.
A Computational Simulation of the Effect of Hemodilution on Oxygen Transport in Middle Cerebral Artery Vasospasm (2011)

Cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is a potentially severe sequel. The induction of hypertension, hypervolemia, and hemodilution is advocated for vasospasm, but it is unclear whether hemodilution confers any benefit. A finite element model of oxygen transport in the proximal middle cerebral artery (MCA) was used to evaluate the complex relationship among hematocrit, viscosity, oxygen content, and blood flow in the setting of vasospasm. A single-phase non-Newtonian finite element model based on three-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations was constructed of the M1 segment. The model was solved at vessel stenoses ranging from 0% to 90% and hematocrit from 0.2 to 0.6. A small area of poststenotic recirculation was seen with mild (30%) stenosis. Poststenotic eddy formation was noted with more severe (60% to 90%) stenosis. Volumetric flow was inversely related to hematocrit at mild stenosis (0% to 30%). With near-complete stenosis (90%), a paradoxical increase in flow was seen with increasing hematocrit. Oxygen transport across the segment was related to hematocrit at all levels of stenosis with increasing oxygen transport despite a reduction in blood flow, suggesting that with clinically significant vasospasm in the MCA, hemodilution does not improve oxygen transport, but to the contrary, that ischemia may be worsened.
Slowing DNA Translocation through a Nanopore Using a Functionalized Electrode (2013)

Nanopores were fabricated with an integrated microscale Pd electrode coated with either a hydrogen-bonding or hydrophobic monolayer. Bare pores, or those coated with octanethiol, translocated single-stranded DNA with times of a few microseconds per base. Pores functionalized with 4(5)-(2-mercaptoethyl)-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamide slowed average translocation times, calculated as the duration of the event divided by the number of bases translocated, to about 100 μs per base at biases in the range of 50 to 80 mV.
Bacteriology in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients admitted to hospital (2008)

We investigated the bacterial flora and antimicrobial sensitivity in sputum from patients admitted to hospital with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in order to recommend the best empirical treatment for these patients. The survey was a retrospective study of all patients admitted to Hvidovre hospital with the diagnosis AECOPD during 2004. A total of 118 patients were included. Microscopy, culture and sensitivity testing investigated their sputums. Clinical and paraclinical features were collected from the patients' files. Among the 118 patients, 59 (50%) had a positive sputum culture. The group with positive cultures had a higher blood neutrophil count (p=0.03). There were no other clinical differences between the groups with and without positive sputum culture. The majority of patients with positive sputum cultures were infected with bacteria other than S. pneumonia, mostly H. influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. Patients with low FEV(1)<1.0 litre were more likely to be infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (p=0.03). The sensitivity patterns of the bacteria showed that the majority were resistant to penicillin. If antibiotics are initiated empirically for AECOPD we recommend either cefuroxime for intravenous treatment or amoxicillin-clavulanate for oral treatment.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligands of the Colchicine Site of Tubulin: A Common Pharmacophore and New Structural Classes (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Mussel-inspired polydopamine-treated composite electrolytes for long-term operations of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (2013)

While composite proton-conductive membranes have been demonstrated to enhance the durability of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), preservation of homogeneous interfaces between inner components has often been a nontrivial challenge for long-term cell operations. Herein, we report mussel-inspired polydopamine as an adhesive mediator between proton-conductive sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (sPEEK) and mechanically stable porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) substrates. The polydopamine coating facilitates a conformal interface between both components with a large surface energy difference and enables such homogeneous membranes for long-term cell operations. The enhanced mechanical stability and stable conformation of the composite membranes were reflected by superior electrochemical performance over repeated wet/dry cycles via suppressed crack/void space formation and edge failure. The present study suggests that the mussel-inspired polymer coating is a useful scheme for various energy devices that need to deal with multiple components with different surface energies.
Audiovisual cues to uncertainty (2003)

This paper presents research on the use of audiovisual prosody to signal a speaker’s level of uncertainty. The first study con-sists of an experiment, in which subjects are asked factual ques-tions in a conversational setting, while they are being filmed. Statistical analyses bring to light that the speakers ’ Feeling-of-Knowing (FOK) correlate significantly with a number of vi-sual and verbal properties. Interestingly, it appears that an-swers tend to have a higher number of marked feature settings (i.e., divergences of the neutral audiovisual expression) when the FOK score is low, while the reverse is true for non-answers. The second study is a perception experiment, in which a selec-tion of the utterances from the first study is presented to sub-jects in one of three conditions: vision only, sound only or vi-sion+sound. Results reveal that human observers can reliably distinguish HighFOK responses from LowFOK responses in all three conditions, be it that answers are easier than non-answers, and that a bimodal presentation of the stimuli is easier than their unimodal counterparts. Results of these two experiments are potentially relevant for improving the communication style in human-machine interaction. 1.
Model for underwater noise radiated by submerged wind turbine towers (2013)

Sustained tonal noise radiated by towers supporting offshore wind turbines contains energy in frequency bands that may disturb marine mammals, or interfere with passive sonar and seismic sensors and underwater communication equipment. Understanding the generation and propagation of underwater noise due to the operation of wind farms is important for determining strategies for mitigating the environmental impact of these noise sources. An analytic model based on a Green's function approach was previously developed for the sound radiated in the water column by a pulsating cylindrical structure embedded in horizontally stratified layers of viscoelastic sediment [Hay et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 130, 2558 (2011)]. This model has since been adapted to include relaxation and viscous losses in seawater and empirical loss factors for the sedimentary layers. For propagation over range-dependent environments the analytic model has been coupled to a parabolic equation code. Simulations are presented for several bathymetries, sediment types, and tower array configurations. [Supported by Department of Energy DE-EE0005380]
P4‐018: Innate Immunity Stimulation Via Toll‐Like Receptor 9 as a Novel Therapeutic Approach in Alzheimer’s Disease (2016)

Immunotherapy has emerged as an attractive approach for disease intervention in AD, however major concerns include limited evidence of the significant clinical benefits, the occurrence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) related complications and excessive neuroinflammation. Our initial findings showed that stimulation of innate immunity with TLR9 agonist CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) is effective against CAA without inducing toxicity in AD mouse models. We advanced our studies using a well-established non-human primate model of sporadic CAA, squirrel monkey (Saimiri Boliviensis). Safety and efficacy assessment studies were first performed in young monkeys. Elderly female monkeys with expected CAA deposits were subcutaneously injected either with predetermined non-toxic dosages of the class B CpG ODN or saline for a 25 month period. Animals were continuously examined for signs of toxicity. Both age groups were subjected to behavioral testing. Plasma taken at specific times in the course of treatment was analyzed to identify immune responses and AD biomarkers. Concluding brain histological analyses are underway. CpG ODN elevated the levels of various Th1/Th2 cytokines in plasma from old monkeys. There was no evidence of overt inflammation/encephalitis or increased cerebral microhemorrhages in CpG ODN-treated animals. Pre-treatment behavioral assessment in aged monkeys demonstrated cognitive deficits compared to young animals on the Inhibitory Control of Behavior test. Post-treatment testing in our old cohort revealed that TLR9 stimulation with CpG ODN was effective at improving learning and memory as evaluated on the Inhibitory Control of Behavior and Delayed Nonmatching-to-Sample T maze tests. In addition, no differences were observed between the treated and control aged animals on the locomotor test. The locomotor abilities of our aged animals were similar to that of young females. Here, we report the first pyroglutamate (AβpE3 deposits in the form of CAA and parenchymal plaques) and pathological tau immunohistochemistry of aged Saimiri Boliviensis. Our initial biomarker analyses revealed a noticeable increase in AβpE3 plasma levels in CpG ODN-treated group. Concluding assessment of potential AD biomarkers is currently in progress. Overall, the present studies provide essential information prior to potential future clinical trials of TLR9 stimulation with CpG ODN to safely ameliorate AD related pathology in humans.
Rho GTPase signalling in cell migration (2015)

Cells migrate in multiple different ways depending on their environment, which includes the extracellular matrix composition, interactions with other cells, and chemical stimuli. For all types of cell migration, Rho GTPases play a central role, although the relative contribution of each Rho GTPase depends on the environment and cell type. Here, I review recent advances in our understanding of how Rho GTPases contribute to different types of migration, comparing lamellipodium-driven versus bleb-driven migration modes. I also describe how cells migrate across the endothelium. In addition to Rho, Rac and Cdc42, which are well known to regulate migration, I discuss the roles of other less-well characterized members of the Rho family.
Monthly Variation in Emergency Department Admission for Acute Onset Atrial Fibrillation. (2021)

Meteorological conditions influence exacerbation of AF episodes and hospitalization. Outdoor temperature and barometric pressure may mediate a monthly fluctuation in AF.
Smart electrochromic supercapacitors based on highly stable transparent conductive graphene/CuS network electrodes (2017)

A smart electrochromic supercapacitor uses a flexible graphene/CuS network film as the transparent electrode.
Non-rotationally Symmetric Freeform Fresnel-Lenses for Arbitrary Shaped Li-Fi Communication Channels (2019)

This paper considers the use of non-rotationally symmetric freeform Fresnel lenses for arbitrary shaped optical wireless communication channels. Transmitter and receiver lens design is discussed and design examples for rectangular channels are presented. The optical design procedure includes ray mapping methodology and the edge-ray principle. Optical raytracing simulations with realistic models are used for model validation.
[2,6-Bis(3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-5-yl)pyridine-κ3N]trichlororhodium(III) monohydrate (2003)

In the solid state, the title mononuclear octahedral rho­dium(III) complex, [RhCl3(C13H15N3)]·H2O, shows a hydrogen bond between the equatorial Cl atom and the solvent water mol­ecule.
The Correlation Between Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics: Basics of Pharmacokinetics‐Pharmacodynamics Modeling (1997)

This article gives an introduction to the combination of drug transports and drug action in a body system. With the law of mass action, the Emax model has been deduced as the basis of correlation between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
Supplementary Table 3 from Identification of Galanin and Its Receptor GalR1 as Novel Determinants of Resistance to Chemotherapy and Potential Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 183K, Gene set enrichment analysis&lt;/p&gt;
ANTI PEPTIC ULCER ACTIVITY OF THE LEAVES OF Amaranthus spinosus L. IN RATS (2013)

Anti peptic ulcer activity of the leaves of Amaranthus spinosus L., a plant of Eastern Himalaya, was studied in peptic ulcer models in rats. Gastric and duodenal ulcers were induced by ethanol and cysteamine respectively. Results were compared with omeprazole, a known drug for peptic ulcer. It was found out that the leaves of Amaranthus spinosus L. exerted anti peptic ulcer activity against ethanol and cysteamine induced peptic ulcerations but the activity was less than that of omeprazole.