gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Can LDN data provide corroborating evidence for a Lightning event at a specific geographic location? (2012)

In many cases of lightning attachment, the exact timing of the event is unknown (property damage, loss of life etc.) making comparison with LDN data difficult. A methodology for matching data from a Lightning Detection Network (LDN) with to a possible location of attachment using only the reported positions of strokes is proposed. A case study of lightning attachment to a tall structure (Brixton Tower, Johannesburg, South Africa) is used to evaluate of the methodology. Photographs of the lightning attachments are time-correlated with data from the South African Lightning Detection Network (SALDN) and these results are compared with the results of the methodology. It is found that the methodology returns 40% false positive results and further evidence is needed to distinguish the time-correlated matches from the false positive results. The median confidence ellipses provided for each stroke are also investigated but it appears that this does not provide the evidence needed to do this. It is concluded that LDN data can provide corroborating evidence of lightning attachment to a location but cannot be used in isolation.
Brevicomin: Principal Sex Attractant in the Frass of the Female Western Pine Beetle (1968)

The principal component of the sex attractant produced by the female western pine beetle (Dendrotonus brevicomis) is exo-7-ethyl-5-methyl-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane; the trivial name brevicomin is suggested.
Depth coded shape from focus (2012)

We present a novel shape from focus method for high- speed shape reconstruction in optical microscopy. While the traditional shape from focus approach heavily depends on presence of surface texture, and requires a considerable amount of measurement time, our method is able to perform reconstruction from only two images. Our method relies the rapid projection of a binary pattern sequence, while object is continuously moved through the camera focus range and a single image is continuously exposed. Deconvolution of the integral image allows a direct decoding of binary pattern and its associated depth. Experiments a synthetic dataset and on real scenes show that a depth map can be reconstructed at only 3% of memory costs and fraction of the computational effort compared with traditional shape from focus.
European Core Curriculum in Cariology for Undergraduate Dental Students (2011)

As dental caries prevalence is still high in many populations and groups of both children and adults worldwide, and as caries continues to be responsible for significant health, social and economic impacts, there is an urgent need for dental students to receive a systematic education in cariology based upon current best evidence. Although European curriculum guidelines for undergraduate students have been prepared in other dental fields over the last decade, none exist for cariology. Thus the European Organisation for Caries Research (ORCA) formed a task force to work with the Association of Dental Education in Europe (ADEE) on a European Core Curriculum in Cariology. In 2010, a workshop to develop such a curriculum was organised in Berlin, Germany, with 75 participants from 24 European and 3 North-South American countries. The Curriculum was debated by five pre-identified working groups: I The Knowledge Base; II Risk Assessment, Diagnosis and Synthesis; III Decision-making and Preventive Non-surgical Therapy; IV Decision-making and Surgical Therapy; and V Evidence-based Cariology in Clinical and Public Health Practice and then finalised jointly by the group chairs. According to this Curriculum, on graduation, a dentist must be competent at applying knowledge and understanding of the biological, medical, basic and applied clinical sciences in order to recognise caries and make decisions about its prevention and management in individuals and populations. This document, which presents several major and numerous supporting competences, does not confine itself to dental caries alone, but refers also to dental erosion/non-erosive wear and other dental hard tissue disorders.
Piscine Orthoreovirus-1 Isolates Differ in Their Ability to Induce Heart and Skeletal Muscle Inflammation in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) (2020)

Piscine orthoreovirus 1 (PRV-1) is the causative agent of heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) in farmed Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>). The virus is widespread in Atlantic salmon and was present in Norway long before the first description of HSMI in 1999. Furthermore, in Canada the virus is prevalent in farmed Atlantic salmon but HSMI is not and Canadian isolates have failed to reproduce HSMI experimentally. This has led to the hypothesis that there are virulence differences between PRV-1 isolates. In this study we performed a dose standardized challenge trial, comparing six PRV-1 isolates, including two Norwegian field isolates from 2018, three historical Norwegian isolates predating the first report of HSMI and one Canadian isolate. The Norwegian 2018 isolates induced lower viral protein load in blood cells but higher plasma viremia. Following peak replication in blood, the two Norwegian 2018 isolates induced histopathological lesions in the heart consistent with HSMI, whereas all three historical Norwegian and the Canadian isolates induced only mild cardiac lesions. This is the first demonstration of virulence differences between PRV-1 isolates and the phenotypic differences are linked to viral proteins encoded by segment S1, M2, L1, L2 and S4.
CU-based Merge Candidate List Construction Method for HEVC (2012)

본 논문에서는 기존 PU기반 움직임 병합 후보 리스트 생성 방법과 비교하여 계산 복잡도를 감소시키고 개선된 병렬성을 제공하기 위하여 CU 기반의 움직임 병합 후보 리스트 생성 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법에서 하나의 CU는 오직 하나의 움직임 병합 후보 리스트를 생성한다. 그래서 CU내의 모든 PU 블록은 PU형태에 관계없이 오직 하나의 공통 움직임 병합 후보 리스트를 사용한다. 제안방법의 실험 결과, 기존 방법보다 인코더의 복잡도는 3% ~ 6% 감소하였으며, 디코더의 복잡도는 거의 변화가 없었다. 반면 제안 방법이 기존 방법보다 부호화 효율이 0.2% - 0.5% 감소된다는 단점이 존재한다. 하지만 제안방법은 하드웨어 구현이 간단하며, 계산 복잡도를 감소시키고 향상된 병렬성을 제공한다는 장점을 갖는다. This paper proposes the CU-based approach for merge candidate list construction for providing reduced complexity and improved parallelism compared to the PU-based one. In the proposed method, a CU can have only one merge candidate list. So, Only one common merge candidate list is used for all PUs in a CU regardless of the PU partition type. The simulation results of proposed method showed that the encoder computational complexity was decreased by 3% to 6% and the decoder computational complexity was negligible change with the penalty of roughly 0.2% - 0.5% coding loss. The proposed method has several advantages: it provides simpler design, reduced complexity, and improved parallelism.
A simplified geometrically nonlinear approach to the analysis of the Moonie actuator (1995)

A simplified model for the analysis of ceramic-metal composite actuators has been developed. The model consists of two beams symmetrically arranged about the actuator neutral axis and attached to the actuator at the ends with an offset (Moonie shape). When an electrical field is applied such that the actuator will contract, a compressive force and a moment, due to the beams' eccentricity, are applied to the beams. This loading will produce the desired deformation of the beams. Using the beam-column theory and the appropriate boundary conditions, it is possible to derive a set of equations relating the free induced strain (/spl Lambda/) of the actuator to the midspan displacement of the beams. Nonlinear terms which allow for the interaction of the developed in-plane force with the out-of-plane displacements have been included in the equations. Applying these equations to a particular case, it is found that the offset distance of the beams has a large impact on the behavior of the system. An increase in the offset distance produces both a suitable augmentation of the moment applied to the beams and an undesirable diminution of the midspan displacement for a given free induced strain. From these two positive anti negative effects, an optimum value of the offset distance is found. Additionally, it is found that with a transverse load applied to the beams, the optimum offset distance is further increased. Furthermore, the nonlinear terms in the governing equations are found to have only a small impact on the system in the free induced strain range of typical actuator materials, i.e., /spl Lambda//spl les/1500 /spl mu/strain. Thus, in conclusion, the effect of the offset distance of the beams to the actuator is the primary design criteria when maximum displacement of the actuator is required.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
An Automated High Level Saliency Predictor for Smart Game Balancing (2014)

International audience
Phytochemical identification of Nilgirianthus ciliatus by GC-MS analysis and its DNA protective effect in cultured lymphocytes (2013)

Aim: To identify the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activities of ethanol leaf extract of Nilgirianthus ciliatus (NC) and its protective effect against H2O2-induced DNA damages in cultured lymphocytes. Materials and Methods: The fresh leaves of NC (1000g) were shade dried at room temperature for 30 days and the dried leaves was made into a fine powder. The ethanol leaf extract obtained was dried and used for phytochemical identification by GC-MS analysis, in vitro radical scavenging assays and DNA protection in lymphocytes. Results and Discussions: The phytochemical screening studies identified sixteen chemical constituents present in the leaf extract of NC. The ethanol extract of NC (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 μg/ml) exhibited a significant dose dependent inhibition of in vitro radical scavenging assays and their corresponding IC50 values as follows such as Superoxide anion (32.00 ± 0.33 μg/ml) and DPPH radical (47.11 ± 0.50 μg/ml ). The DNA protection was observed at 60 μg/ml of NC against 500 μM H2O2 treated lymphocytes. Conclusion: Thus, our results show that NC exhibits in vitro radiacal scavenging assays and offers protection against H2O2-induced DNA damage in cultured lymphocytes and it can be developed as an effective antioxidant during oxidative stress. Keywords: Nilgiranthus
Avaliação metabólica de ovelhas de cria mantidas em campo nativo durante o período de outono/inverno (2009)

O estado nutricional de ovinos e rotineiramente avaliado atraves da avaliacao do escore de condicao corporal (CC). Para que se possam determinar deficiencias nutricionais antes de ser alterada a CC, pode-se realizar a determinacao do perfil metabolico de rebanhos. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o perfil metabolico (niveis de glicose, triacilglicerol , colesterol, ureia e albumina) de ovelhas pluriparas mantidas em campo nativo durante o periodo de outono/inverno e a sua relacao com a CC. Foram utilizadas 17 ovelhas Corriedale pluriparas , com CC 2, 0, 2,5 e 3,0, sendo realizadas duas coletas de sangue, com intervalo de 14 dias. Observou-se diferenca entre coletas nos niveis de glicose, colesterol, albumina e ureia. Entre as diferentes CC foi observada diferenca somente nos niveis de albumina. Os niveis de colesterol e glicose estavam abaixo dos parâmetros fisiologicos, indicando deficiencia energetica. Com os resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que as femeas avaliadas neste estudo se apresentavam em deficit nutricional, devido a reducao na disponibilidade de forragem proveniente do campo nativo, durante o periodo de outono/inverno. Palavras-chave: Perfil metabolico; condicao corporal; ovinos . ABSTRACT The nutritional status of sheep is frequently evaluated through the body condition score (BCS). To access nutritional deficiency before a change in the BCS occurs, the metabolic profile of the herd could be done. The aim of this study was to determine the metabolic profile (levels of glucose, triacylglycerol , cholesterol, urea and albumin) of pluriparous ewes kept in native pasture during autumn/winter and its correlation with the BCS. There were used 17 Corriedale pluriparous ewes, with 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 of BCS, being submitted to 2 blood collections with an interval of 14 days. There was a difference between collections on glucose, cholesterol, albumin and urea levels. Between different BCS there was a difference in the level of albumin. The levels of cholesterol and glucose were lower than the physiologic parameters, evidencing an energetic deficiency. With these results we can conclude that the ewes evaluated in this study were under an energetic restriction, due to a reduction on the availability of native pasture during autumn/winter. Key-words: metabolic profile; body condition; sheep .
Application of Radio Environment Map Reconstruction Techniques to Platoon-based Cellular V2X Communications (2020)

Vehicle platoons involve groups of vehicles travelling together at a constant inter-vehicle distance, with different common benefits such as increasing road efficiency and fuel saving. Vehicle platooning requires highly reliable wireless communications to keep the group structure and carry out coordinated maneuvers in a safe manner. Focusing on infrastructure-assisted cellular vehicle to anything (V2X) communications, the amount of control information to be exchanged between each platoon vehicle and the base station is a critical factor affecting the communication latency. This paper exploits the particular structure and characteristics of platooning to decrease the control information exchange necessary for the channel acquisition stage. More precisely, a scheme based on radio environment map (REM) reconstruction is proposed, where geo-localized received power values are available at only a subset of platoon vehicles, while large-scale channel parameters estimates for the rest of platoon members are provided through the application of spatial Ordinary Kriging (OK) interpolation. Distinctive features of the vehicle platooning use case are explored, such as the optimal patterns of vehicles within the platoon with available REM values for improving the quality of the reconstruction, the need for an accurate semivariogram modeling in OK, or the communication cost when establishing a centralized or a distributed architecture for achieving REM reconstruction. The evaluation results show that OK is able to reconstruct the REM in the platoon with acceptable mean squared estimation error, while reducing the control information for REM acquisition in up to 64% in the best-case scenario.
Towards a unified view of design data and knowledge representation (1988)

Adequate information modeling in non-standard application areas (e.g. engineering applications such as CAD/CAM, VLSI design or knowledgebased applications) requires the abstraction concepts of classification, aggregation, generalization, and association. The Molecule-Atom Data model (MAD) designed for the effective support of such an information model is justified and described with its essential properties and features. MAD offers dynamic object definition and object handling, based on direct and symmetric management of network structures and recursiveness. These generic mechanisms can be used to map the above mentioned abstraction concepts in a straight-forward manner. Thus, the mapping of a wide variety of semantic and object-oriented modeling constructs, including complex objects with shared subobjects, becomes feasible. All these concepts are illustrated by means of some vivid examples taken from the areas of CAD/CAM and knowledge-based applications.
Low Temperature Storage of Almond Pollen (2002)

Pollen of the California almond cultivars Nonpareil, Ne Plus Ultra, Sonora, and Peerless was evaluated for viability following storage over 12 months at 4, 0, -20, and -80 °C. The proportion of viable pollen exceeded 80% for all cultivars and for all temperatures evaluated after 2 months of storage. Following 12 months of storage at 4 °C, germination decreased to 8% for `Nonpareil', 10% for `Ne Plus Ultra', 50% for `Sonora', with no germination observed for `Peerless'. Storage at sub-freezing temperatures maintained pollen viability above 70% in `Nonpareil', `Ne Plus Ultra', and `Sonora' and above 40% in `Peerless'. Cultivars differed significantly in their tolerance to low temperature pollen storage. Within cultivars, differences in pollen germination following storage at 0, -20, or -80 °C were nonsignificant.
Does exposure to parental substance use disorders increase substance use disorder risk in offspring? A 5‐year follow‐up study (2013)

Exposure to maternal drug use disorders during adolescent years increased the risk for the development of a drug use disorder in a sample of females with and without ADHD and their siblings. Exposure to parental SUD during adolescence specifically increases the risk of SUD development in offspring.
A Randomized Dose-Ranging Study of Neuropeptide Y in Patients with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (2017)

Our study suggests that a single dose of neuropeptide Y is well tolerated up to 9.6 mg and may be associated with anxiolytic effects. Future studies exploring the safety and efficacy of neuropeptide Y in stress-related disorders are warranted. The reported study is registered at: http://clinicaltrials.gov (ID: NCT01533519).
High resolution electron microscopy of crystal edges. On the profile images of MgO (100) surfaces. (1986)

Profile images of surfaces of small crystals have been investigated by high resolution CTEM and computer simulation. When cubic crystals of MgO smoke with flat surfaces are oriented so that the [011] or [001] zone axis is parallel to the optical axis, two kinds of external fringes are observed at (100) surfaces ; one is parallel to the surface and the other is perpendicular to that. The results observed are compared with images simulated under considering the effects that the specimens are ionic crystals and may be charged up positively.
VLSI designs for high-speed Huffman decoder (2002)

Many video compression systems require a high-speed implementation of the huffman decoder. The recursive iteration of the decoding process limits the achievable decoding throughput with a given IC technology. Two classes of VLSI architectures for high speed implementation are designed: the tree-based architectures and the programmable logic array (PLA)-based architectures. A variable-length-code based on a popular video compression system is constructed and the pros and cons of each architecture are compared. The major parts of a pipelined constant-input-rate PLA-based architecture using a high-level synthesis approach are simulated. It is claimed that the decoding throughput of 200 Mb/s is achievable with CMOS 2.0 mu m technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
KDEL receptor regulates secretion by lysosome relocation- and autophagy-dependent modulation of lipid-droplet turnover (2019)

Inter-organelle signalling has essential roles in cell physiology encompassing cell metabolism, aging and temporal adaptation to external and internal perturbations. How such signalling coordinates different organelle functions within adaptive responses remains unknown. Membrane traffic is a fundamental process in which membrane fluxes need to be sensed for the adjustment of cellular requirements and homeostasis. Studying endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi trafficking, we found that Golgi-based, KDEL receptor-dependent signalling promotes lysosome repositioning to the perinuclear area, involving a complex process intertwined to autophagy, lipid-droplet turnover and Golgi-mediated secretion that engages the microtubule motor protein dynein-LRB1 and the autophagy cargo receptor p62/SQSTM1. This process, here named 'traffic-induced degradation response for secretion' (TIDeRS) discloses a cellular mechanism by which nutrient and membrane sensing machineries cooperate to sustain Golgi-dependent protein secretion.
New narratives of international security governance: the shift from global interventionism to global self-policing (2016)

This article examines the transformation in the narratives of the international governance of security over the past two decades. It suggests that there has been a major shift from governing interventions designed to address the causes of security problems to the regulation of the effects of these problems. In re-articulating the goals of international actors, the means and mechanisms of security governance have also changed, no longer focused on the universal application of Western knowledge and resources but rather on the unique local and organic processes at work in societies that bear the brunt of these problems. This transformation takes the conceptualisation of security governance out of the traditional terminological lexicon of security expertise and universal solutions and instead articulates the problematic of security and the policing of global risks in terms of local management processes, suggesting that decentralised coping strategies and self-policing are more effective and sustainable solutions.
Biomechanical effects of metastasis in the osteoporotic lumbar spine: A Finite Element Analysis (2018)

A metastasis in the osteoporotic lumbar spine always leads to a higher risk of vertebral fracture. This risk increases with the size of the metastasis. Unexpectedly, an increment in metastasis size in the normal BMD spine produces a greater impact on vertebral stability compared to the osteoporotic spine.
Irisin - a myokine potentially bridging muscle and fat tissue in cachexia (2015)

We read with great interest the recent article reporting muscle atrophy in heart failure animal models by Matsuo et al.1 Cachexia is characterized by loss of muscle mass with or without fat mass.2 Also, in patients with heart failure, muscle, fat and even bone loss were shown and reported to be associated with worse outcome.3,4 Although studies in muscle wasting attract much attention in heart failure,5 cross-talk among these three different tissues has been increasingly investigated and discussed6 as Matsuo et al. stated them in Introduction of this article.1 Large number of muscle biomarkers are in development7–10 and mentioned in several issues of Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle. Under these circumstances, myokines including irisin, myostatin, interleukin-6, follistatin, and so on, which are produced by muscle tissue and affect other organs, are highlighted as both biomarkers and hormonal substances, which may have therapeutic implication.11 Irisin has been investigated as a key myokine, which has a bridging potential between muscle and fat.12,13 There are a number of articles reporting the plasma levels of irisin in patients with diabetes,14 chronic kidney disease,15 and myocardial infarction.16 However, there is almost no data about irisin levels in heart failure patients. In addition, recent reports have just been casting some doubt on the detection methods for human plasma irisin.17,18 In this context, further clinical studies in heart failure patients performed with improved assays are needed.