gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ba3[Ge2B7O16(OH)2](OH)(H2O) and Ba3Ge2B6O16: novel alkaline-earth borogermanates based on two types of polymeric borate units and GeO4 tetrahedra. (2011)

Two new barium borogermanates with two types of novel structures, namely, Ba(3)[Ge(2)B(7)O(16)(OH)(2)](OH)(H(2)O) and Ba(3)Ge(2)B(6)O(16), have been synthesized by hydrothermal or high-temperature solid-state reactions. They represent the first examples of alkaline-earth borogermanates. Ba(3)[Ge(2)B(7)O(16)(OH)(2)](OH)(H(2)O) crystallized in a polar space group Cc. Its structure features a novel three-dimensional anionic framework composed of [B(7)O(16)(OH)(2)](13-) polyanions that are bridged by Ge atoms with one-dimensional (1D) 10-membered-ring (MR) tunnels along the b axis. The Ba(II) cations, hydroxide ions, and water molecules are located at the above tunnels. Ba(3)Ge(2)B(6)O(16) crystallizes in centrosymmetric space group P1. Its structure exhibits a thick layer composed of circular B(6)O(16) units connected by GeO(4) tetrahedra via corner sharing, forming 1D 4- and 6-MR tunnels along the c axis. Ba1 ions reside in the tunnels of the 6-MRs, whereas Ba2 ions are located at the interlayer space. Both compounds feature new types of topological structures. Second-harmonic-generation (SHG) measurements indicate that Ba(3)[Ge(2)B(7)O(16)(OH)(2)](OH)(H(2)O) displays a weak SHG response of about 0.3 times that of KH(2)PO(4). Optical, thermal stability, and ferroelectric properties as well as theoretical calculations have also been performed.
Deciphering the cancer imprintome (2010)

Genetic events alone cannot explain the entire process of carcinogenesis. It is estimated that there are more epigenetic alterations in cancer than DNA mutations, and disiphering driver and secondary events is essential to understand early processes of tumorigenesis. Epigenetic modifications control gene activity, governing whether a gene is transcribed or silent. In cancer, global patterns of two epigenetic marks, histone modifications and DNA methylation, are known to be extensively deregulated. Tumour cells are also characterized by loss-of-imprinting, a key epigenetic developmental mechanism. Genomic imprinting is the parent-of-origin, monoallelic expression of genes and is controlled by differentially DNA-methylated regions and allelic-histone modifications. With specific emphasis on imprinted loci this review will discuss alterations in DNA methylation and histone modifications in cancer. The recent advances in technology that might facilitate the identification and characterization of the epigenetic profiles of cancer will also be described.
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors as a Cancer Treatment: From a Biologic Rationale to Medical Perspectives (2013)

The fibroblast growth factor/fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGF/FGFR) signaling pathway plays a fundamental role in many physiologic processes, including embryogenesis, adult tissue homeostasis, and wound healing, by orchestrating angiogenesis. Ligand-independent and ligand-dependent activation have been implicated in a broad range of human malignancies and promote cancer progression in tumors driven by FGF/FGFR oncogenic mutations or amplifications, tumor neoangiogenesis, and targeted treatment resistance, thereby supporting a strong rationale for anti-FGF/FGFR agent development. Efforts are being pursued to develop selective approaches for use against this pathway by optimizing the management of emerging, class-specific toxicity profiles and correctly designing clinical trials to address these different issues.
Adaptive Echo Cancellation/AGC Structures for Two-Wire, Full-Duplex Data Transmission (1979)

Three different receiver arrangements are studied, all of which incorporate provision for joint adaptive echo cancellation and gain adjustment to provide two-wire full-duplex data communication. In each case, the canceler consists of a data-driven transversal filter, but the architectures differ in the way the gain adjustment is provided. For all architectures, we investigate the properties of a joint adaptive lms algorithm based on the receiver's decisions on far-end data symbols and present appropriate computer simulations. We show that an arrangement where the gain control adjusts the reference level after the decision detector output performs significantly better than agc schemes attempting to adjust the level of the analog signal.
Ex vivo and in vivo validation of the murine inner retinal cellular morphology visualized by in-vivo temporal speckle averaging optical coherence tomography (TSA-OCT) (2021)

It has been recently demonstrated that structures corresponding to the cell bodies of highly transparent cells in the retinal ganglion cell layer could be visualized noninvasively both in the living human and mouse eyes by optical coherence tomography (OCT) via temporal averaging. Here, we further explored the application of volumetric temporal averaging in mice, with a focus on correlating the in vivo results with the ex vivo histology, on the same retinas, to verify the structures seen in the in vivo images, which will help to better understand the pathophysiology of these cells.
BRCA1/2 and multigene panel testing among metastatic breast, pancreas, prostate, and ovarian cancer patients. (2019)

e13160 Background: Given the availability of targeted therapies such as PARP inhibitors, patients with metastatic breast, pancreas, prostate, and ovarian cancer are recommended to have germline genetic testing for hereditary cancer syndromes. Completion of genetic testing among this population is understudied. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 548 patients with stage 4 breast, pancreas, prostate, and ovarian cancer at diagnosis from January 2013-December 2017 identified in the New York Presbyterian Hospital Tumor Registry at Columbia University Irving Medical Center. Data on socio-demographics, clinical factors, and genetic testing completion and results were collected from the medical record. We conducted descriptive statistics. Results: Our study population had a median age of 66 years (range, 23-97) at diagnosis; 61% female; 50% non-Hispanic white/22% Hispanic/15% non-Hispanic black/5% Asian/7% other; 33% private insurance/16% Medicaid/44% Medicare/7% unknown insurance. Primary cancer was 24% breast, 8% ovary, 61% pancreas, and 7% prostate. Only 38 patients were seen by a genetic counselor (7%) and only 50 (9%) had genetic testing performed. Among those who underwent germline testing, 92% had multigene panel testing (median number of genes tested 13.5, range 2-74). Pathogenic variants were detected in 6 patients (12%), of which 4 had a BRCA1/2 mutation, and 26% had a variant of uncertain significance (VUS). Conclusions: We found that only a small percentage of metastatic breast, pancreas, prostate, and ovarian cancer patients underwent genetic testing. Further research is necessary to identify the barriers to genetic testing uptake in metastatic cancer patients. BRCA1/2 and multigene panel testing has important implications in this patient population not only for treatment decisions, but also to increase cascade testing in unaffected family members who may be at risk for malignancy in the future.
Nonimmunospecific Protein-Protein Interactions of IgG: Studies of the Binding of IgG to IgG Immunoadsorbents (1978)

Nonimmunospecific interactions of IgG and IgG-agarose columns were systematically studied under varying conditions. Nonimmunospecific binding to the columns was primarily due to protein-protein interactions. These nonimmunospecific protein-protein interactions of IgG were enhanced with heat-induced or chemical aggregation of IgG, low pH, low ionic strength (at pH above 4), or low temperature. Conversely, this binding was decreased with proteolytic fragmentation of IgG, high ionic strength (at pH above 4), or temperatures above 4 degrees C. Chemical modification of IgG by acetylation, formalinization, carbamylation, or reaction with 1,2-cyclohexanedione significantly decreased these interactions. These observations suggest that above pH 4, ionic interactions caused the protein-protein binding. Below pH 4, hydrophobic interactions presumably play a major role. These results permit the development of rational methodology for avoiding nonimmunospecific protein-protein interactions in immunologic procedures for detection, isolation, or quantification of rheumatoid factors and other antibodies to IgG.
Pleiotropic effects of genetic risk variants for other cancers on colorectal cancer risk: PAGE, GECCO and CCFR consortia (2020)

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a large number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with a wide array of cancer sites. Several of these variants demonstrate associations with multiple cancers, suggesting pleiotropic effects and shared biological mechanisms across some cancers. We hypothesized that SNPs previously associated with other cancers may additionally be associated with colorectal cancer. In a large-scale study, we examined 171 SNPs previously associated with 18 different cancers for their associations with colorectal cancer.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Massive Storage Systems and Technology 2017 (2017)

No abstract available.
Variety and complexity of chromosome 17 translocations in neuroblastoma (2003)

In neuroblastoma, the most frequent genetic alteration is gain of chromosome arm 17q, which arises from unbalanced translocations. To document these genetic events more precisely, we performed an extensive study of chromosome 17 breakpoints in 27 neuroblastoma cell lines by using a combination of fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping with BAC/PAC clones and allele analysis with polymorphic markers. All cases exhibited one or more unbalanced chromosome 17 translocations, and 15 distinct breakpoint regions could be mapped. This high variability indicates that gene fusion or disruption events are extremely unlikely to account for the underlying oncogenic role of these translocations. However, breakpoints were not randomly distributed, most of them mapping to the proximal part of 17q. As a result of translocations, all cell lines but one exhibited gain of the 53.5 Mb-->qter fragment, bordered proximally by the clone CTC-462L7. The most telomeric breakpoint, flanked by the clone RP11-443M10, defined the 70.9 Mb-->qter fragment as a region of additional gain. In addition to chromosome gains, loss of heterozygosity for the short arm of chromosome 17 was observed in close to half the cases. It was either related to a chromosome 17 monosomy or to a uniparental isodisomy. Finally, in cases with a single normal chromosome 17, we show that the parental origin of the translocated chromosome 17 can be either distinct or identical to that of the normal chromosome. Similarly, multiple translocations within the same cell line can either involve the same or different chromosome 17 homologues, indicating the likely absence of parental origin bias in the generation of these alterations.
Exclusion of metal oxide by an RF sputtered Ti layer in flexible perovskite solar cells: energetic interface between a Ti layer and an organic charge transporting layer (2015)

In this work, the effects of a titanium (Ti) layer on the charge transport and recombination rates of flexible perovskite solar cells were studied. Ti as an efficient barrier layer was deposited directly on PET-ITO flexible substrates through RF magnetic sputtering using a Ti-source and a pressure of ∼5 mTorr. A Ti coated PET-ITO was used for the fabrication of a flexible perovskite solar cell without using any metal oxide layer. The fabricated flexible perovskite solar cell was composed of a PET-ITO/Ti/perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3)/organic hole transport layer of 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis [N,N'-di-p-methoxyphenylamine]-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD)-Li-TFSI/Ag. A high conversion efficiency of ∼8.39% along with a high short circuit current (JSC) of ∼15.24 mA cm(-2), an open circuit voltage (VOC) of ∼0.830 V and a high fill factor (FF) of ∼0.66 was accomplished by the fabricated flexible perovskite solar cell under a light illumination of ∼100 mW cm(-2) (1.5 AM). Intensity-modulated photocurrent (IMPS)/photovoltage spectroscopy (IMVS) studies demonstrated that the fabricated flexible perovskite solar cell considerably reduced the recombination rate.
Etch products from the reaction on Cl2 with Al(100) and Cu(100) and XeF2 with W(111) and Nb (1985)

A modulated-beam, mass spectrometer system has been used to obtain information about etch products, reaction probabilities, and etching mechanisms for the reactions of Cl2 with Al(100) and Cu(100) and for the reaction of XeF2 with W(111) and Nb. The influence of ion bombardment on the etching reaction has also been investigated.
Evaluation of combination therapy using aciclovir and corticosteroid in adult patients with herpes simplex virus encephalitis (2005)

Combination therapy using both aciclovir and corticosteroid represents one of the predictors of outcome in HSVE.
Posttranslational Modifications of Self‐Antigens (2005)

Although the immune system has developed mechanisms to distinguish "self" from "non-self," the presence of autoimmune diseases demonstrates that these mechanisms can be bypassed. The posttranslational modification of self-antigens is one way in which "new" antigens are created for which immune tolerance does not exist. We review some of the posttranslationally modified self-antigens associated with autoimmune diseases, how they arise, and how they break immune tolerance.
Editing of mouse and human immunoglobulin genes by CRISPR-Cas9 system (2016)

Applications of the CRISPR-Cas9 system to edit the genome have widely expanded to include DNA gene knock-out, deletions, chromosomal rearrangements, RNA editing and genome-wide screenings. Here we show the application of CRISPR-Cas9 technology to edit the mouse and human immunoglobulin (Ig) genes. By delivering Cas9 and guide-RNA (gRNA) with retro- or lenti-virus to IgM(+) mouse B cells and hybridomas, we induce class-switch recombination (CSR) of the IgH chain to the desired subclass. Similarly, we induce CSR in all human B cell lines tested with high efficiency to targeted IgH subclass. Finally, we engineer mouse hybridomas to secrete Fab' fragments instead of the whole Ig. Our results indicate that Ig genes in mouse and human cells can be edited to obtain any desired IgH switching helpful to study the biology of normal and lymphoma B cells. We also propose applications that could transform the technology of antibody production.
Identification and characterization of LysM effectors in Penicillium expansum (2017)

P. expansum is regarded as one of the most important postharvest rots of apple fruit and is also of great concern to fruit processing industries. Elucidating the pathogenicity mechanism of this pathogen is of utmost importance for the development of effective and safe management strategies. Although, many studies on modification of the host environment by the pathogen were done, its interactions with fruit during the early stages of infection and the virulence factors that mediate pathogenicity have not been fully defined. Effectors carrying LysM domain have been identified in numerous pathogenic fungi and their role in the first stages of infection has been established. In this study, we identified 18 LysM genes in the P. expansum genome. Amino acid sequence analysis indicated that P. expansum LysM proteins belong to a clade of fungal-specific LysM. Eleven of the discovered LysM genes were found to have secretory pathway signal peptide, among them, 4 (PeLysM1 PeLysM2, PeLysM3 and PeLysM4) were found to be highly expressed during the infection and development of decay of apple fruit. Effect of targeted deletion of the four putative PeLysM effectors on the growth and pathogenicity was studied. Possible interactions of PeLysM with host proteins was investigated using the yeast-two-hybrid system.
Filgrastim to treat neutropenia and support myelosuppressive medication dosing in HIV infection (1996)

Filgrastim rapidly reverses neutropenia and maintains normal ANC in patients with HIV infection. This allows greater use of myelosuppressive medications without the potentially life-threatening complications of neutropenia.
The preparation and conformation of 1-alkyl- and 1-aryl-4-t-butylcyclohexanols (1968)

4-t-Butylcyclohexanone and Grignard reagents (RMgHal) give mixtures of 4β- and 4α-t-butyl-1 α-R-cyclohexan-1β-ols in which the percentages of the 4β-compounds (equatorial R groups) are approximately 55 (R = Me), 69 (Et), 82 (Pri), 100 (But), 49 (Ph), and 80 (CH2Ph): the mixture of tertiary alcohols from 5α-cholestan-3-one and PhCH2MgCl contains 83% of the 3β(equatorial)-benzyl compound.Spectroscopic examination of the products leads to conclusions about the conformations arising from rotation of the hydroxy-groups.
Transfer freier Aminogruppen via α‐Aminierung von Carbonylen (2023)

Abstract Eine Strategie zur direkten α‐Aminierung unfunktionalisierter Carbonylverbindungen wird berichtet. Unter Verwendung einer kommerziell verfügbaren Stickstoffquelle zur Übertragung der freien Aminogruppe (NH 2 ) werden primäre α‐Aminocarbonylverbindungen unter besonders milden Bedingungen hergestellt. Die direkte Einführung einer ungeschützten, primären Aminogruppe ermöglicht in der Folge zahlreiche in situ Funktionalisierungen der erhaltenen Reaktionsprodukte, einschließlich Peptidkupplungen und Pictet–Spengler Cyclisierungen.
Effects of Substituted Benzotriazoles on the Electrochemical Behavior of Copper in H2SO4 (1981)

Rates of anodic dissolution of copper as well as hydrogen evolution in H2SO4 containing substituted benzotriazoles have been examined. The aromatic ring-substituted benzotriazoles studied were: 5-NH2, 5-NO2, 5-CH3, 5-Cl, 5-COOH, a mixture of 4-COOH and 5-COOH, and the unsubstituted benzotriazole (BTA). The anodic polarization results indicate that BTA-NH2, BTA-COOH and BTA-Cl inhibit copper electrodissolution by surface blockage, with the bare copper surface oxidizing to Cu(II) as the uninhibited metal. In the presence of the other benzotriazoles, copper apparently oxidizes to Cu(I) by forming slightly soluble organo-Cu(I) complexes as the oxidation product. As reported previously by others, copper electrooxidizes to cuprous chloride complexes in the presence of chloride ions (0.1 M). None of the benzotriazoles had any effect on the anodic dissolution of copper in the acidic chloride solutions below zero volts vs SCE. On the other hand, at higher potentials where a current plateau was obtained, as reported previously by others, significant differences in the position of the current plateau were observed by addition of the substituted benzotriazoles.
Modelos animales en el estudio del glaucoma: pasado, presente y futuro (2008)

la conferencia impartida por la Dra. Vecino en Brasil dentro del congreso de Neurociencias de Amrica Latina-Caribe-Pennsula Ibrica (Neurolatam 2008)
Intracavity Parametric Fluorescence in Diode Lasers (2011)

Self-pumped parametric fluorescence was observed in GaAs/AlGaAs Bragg reflection waveguide lasers with χ(2) phase-matched cavities. With a 967 nm pump, signal and idler around 2300 nm and 1700 nm were measured respectively, with record conversion efficiency of 4176 ± 817 %W−1cm−2.
Mechanism ofFusariummycotoxin action in mammary gland (1978)

The interaction of the Fusarium mycotoxins zearalenone and dihydrozearalanol with specific estrogen binding sites was studied by using cytosol preparations of mammary glands from lactating rats. Both substance inhibited [3H] estradiol-17beta association with its binding site in a competitive fashion. This inhibition was a result principally of an effect on estrogen binding by the 8S species of receptors separated by density gradient centrifugation. These data suggest that the biological action of Fusarium mycotoxins with estrogenic activity is mediated by intracellular estrogen receptors.
Development of an industrial electroporation device (2003)

Electroporation (EP) of biological cells is of increasing importance in the area of bio-technology. By applying external electric fields along biological cells in a water suspension the cytoplasm becomes polarized. The charge displacement in the cytoplasm and in the suspension leads to high transmembrane potentials in the order of several volts. The build-up of large irreversible openings in the cell membrane, the flow-out of cytoplasm and the cell-perish are the desired effects. The subject of this paper is i) to report on experiments at an EP system with whole crop plants. Experiences have been gained already with sugar beets, apples, grapes, etc., ii) to present design studies for an industrial EP production device. The amount of plant material, which must be treated is in the order of 1 t/min. Since crop plants, such as sugar beets, are large in diameter and nearly weightless in water (suspension), the size of an EP reactor has to be large and the plants must be moved continuously by means of a forced feed-through. This requires very high voltage pulses to establish reactor field strengths of about 20 kV/cm in the 30 cm gap, as well as high pulse repetition rates to fulfill power demands. At the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe several types of Marx generators with gas spark gaps have been developed and tested. They run with pulse frequencies in the order of 20-30 Hz. The pulse amplitude is 300 W, the pulse length is 1 /spl mu/s and the pulsed energy fed into a 20 load is about 1 kJ. The lifetime of the electric components is designed to withstand at least up to 200 million discharge cycles (3 month operation). The system consisting of the EP reactor plus conveyance is designed to be built up mainly of dielectric materials to avoid undesired shielding effects of the electric field in the area of the reactor chamber. However high voltage-proof dielectric materials such as polyethylene or polypropylene underlie enhanced mechanical wear which must be taken into account.
Iterative Refinement for Machine Translation (2016)

Existing machine translation decoding algorithms generate translations in a strictly monotonic fashion and never revisit previous decisions. As a result, earlier mistakes cannot be corrected at a later stage. In this paper, we present a translation scheme that starts from an initial guess and then makes iterative improvements that may revisit previous decisions. We parameterize our model as a convolutional neural network that predicts discrete substitutions to an existing translation based on an attention mechanism over both the source sentence as well as the current translation output. By making less than one modification per sentence, we improve the output of a phrase-based translation system by up to 0.4 BLEU on WMT15 German-English translation.
Blame It On The Weather: Cost And Design Of Manure Management Under Extreme Weather Conditions On North Carolina Swine Farms (2004)

The majority of pig farms in North Carolina use a lagoon-sprayfield system to manage manure. Although economical, the lagoon-sprayfield system is sensitive to weather conditions. This study examines the cost of manure management under extreme weather and scrutinizes National Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) design criteria and regulations.