gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microstructural Characterization of PEM Fuel Cells (2003)

Objectives • Use transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterization techniques to observe the distribution of precious metal catalyst, pore space and ionomer in proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrodes • Understand the processing/structure/property relationship for membrane electrode assembly (MEA) electrodes to allow for optimization of the electrode structure for higher performance • Characterize/quantify microstructural changes and their relation to the performance loss in PEM MEAs upon use in a fuel cell system to understand issues relating to durability and lifetime
Development of a Comprehensive Sequencing Assay for Inherited Cardiac Condition Genes (2016)

Inherited cardiac conditions (ICCs) are characterised by marked genetic and allelic heterogeneity and require extensive sequencing for genetic characterisation. We iteratively optimised a targeted gene capture panel for ICCs that includes disease-causing, putatively pathogenic, research and phenocopy genes (n = 174 genes). We achieved high coverage of the target region on both MiSeq (>99.8% at ≥ 20× read depth, n = 12) and NextSeq (>99.9% at ≥ 20×, n = 48) platforms with 100% sensitivity and precision for single nucleotide variants and indels across the protein-coding target on the MiSeq. In the final assay, 40 out of 43 established ICC genes informative in clinical practice achieved complete coverage (100 % at ≥ 20×). By comparison, whole exome sequencing (WES; ∼ 80×), deep WES (∼ 500×) and whole genome sequencing (WGS; ∼ 70×) had poorer performance (88.1, 99.2 and 99.3% respectively at ≥ 20×) across the ICC target. The assay described here delivers highly accurate and affordable sequencing of ICC genes, complemented by accessible cloud-based computation and informatics. See Editorial in this issue (DOI: 10.1007/s12265-015-9667-8 ).
X-ray flashes in ROSAT PSPC data (1998)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation X. Sun, H. Li, E. E. Fenimore, Q. D. Wang; X-ray flashes in ROSAT PSPC data. AIP Conf. Proc. 16 May 1998; 428 (1): 456–460. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.55469 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Immunohistochemical detection of lymphovascular invasion with D2‐40 in melanoma correlates with sentinel lymph node status, metastasis and survival (2009)

Using immunohistochemistry with anti-D2-40 for the detection of lymphovascular invasion (LVI-IHC) in 74 cases of invasive melanoma, we found LVI in 23% (16/74) of the tumors. Data on sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy were available for 36 patients. Sixty-seven percent (6/9) of patients with LVI-IHC and 19% (5/27) without LVI-IHC had positive SLN. Follow-up data were available for 60 patients. Data on recurrence/metastasis were available for 60 patients. Twenty-five percent (15/60) had LVI with immunohistochemistry. Fifty-three percent (8/15) of these patients had "distant" metastasis or regional recurrence compared with 11% (5/45) in those without LVI-IHC. Overall and disease-specific survival was shorter for patients with LVI. In both the univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models, LVI-IHC in addition to ulceration was statistically significant with respect to overall survival. Specifically, in the reduced multivariate model, compared with patients with no LVI, patients with intratumoral LVI had a hazard ratio (HR) of 5.4 (95% CI 1.6-18.4), while patients with peritumoral LVI had a HR of 3.8 (95% CI 0.7-20.9). In addition, patients with ulceration had an increased hazard of 4.4 (95% CI 1.2-16.8). For the first time, we herein show a positive correlation with LVI in melanoma detected with immunohistochemistry and distant metastasis, overall survival and disease-free survival.
Akt/cAMP-Responsive Element Binding Protein/Cyclin D1 Network: A Novel Target for Prostate Cancer Inhibition in Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of Mouse Prostate Model Mediated by Nexrutine, a Phellodendron Amurense Bark Extract (2007)

The current study shows that Nexrutine-mediated targeting of Akt/CREB-induced activation of cyclin D1 prevents the progression of prostate cancer. Expression of CREB and phosphorylated CREB increased in human prostate tumors compared with normal tissue, suggesting their potential use as prognostic markers.
Layered Label Propagation: A MultiResolution Coordinate-Free Ordering for Compressing Social Networks (2010)

We continue the line of research on graph compression started with WebGraph, but we move our focus to the compression of social networks in a proper sense (e.g., LiveJournal): the approaches that have been used for a long time to compress web graphs rely on a specific ordering of the nodes (lexicographical URL ordering) whose extension to general social networks is not trivial. In this paper, we propose a solution that mixes clusterings and orders, and devise a new algorithm, called Layered Label Propagation, that builds on previous work on scalable clustering and can be used to reorder very large graphs (billions of nodes). Our implementation uses overdecomposition to perform aggressively on multi-core architecture, making it possible to reorder graphs of more than 600 millions nodes in a few hours. Experiments performed on a wide array of web graphs and social networks show that combining the order produced by the proposed algorithm with the WebGraph compression framework provides a major increase in compression with respect to all currently known techniques, both on web graphs and on social networks. These improvements make it possible to analyse in main memory significantly larger graphs.
Efficient Polymeric Donor for Both Visible and Near-Infrared-Absorbing Organic Solar Cells (2019)

A new ternary polymer, TP, incorporating 4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene (BDTT), 5-octyl-2-(2-octyldodecyl)-4,6-di(thieno[3,2-b]thiophen-2-yl)pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,3(2H,5H)-dione (PPD), and 2-ethylhexyl 3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene-2-carboxylate (TT) units at a 2:1:1 ratio, was prepared to develop a potential candidate for visible and near-infrared (NIR)-absorbing organic solar cells (OSCs). TP displayed an optical bandgap (Eg) of 1.65 eV with a maximum absorption peak at 558 nm. TP indicates good complementary absorption with visible light, absorbing most typically used fullerene-based acceptors (PC70BM, intense absorption range: 300–450 nm with Eg of 1.80 eV) and nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs), namely, ITIC (intense absorption range: 500–800 nm with Eg of 1.59 eV). In addition, TP exhibits good complementary absorption with NIR-absorbing NFAs, namely, IEICO-4F (intense absorption range: 600–1000 nm with Eg of 1.24 eV). The determined energy levels (−5.31 eV and −3.66 eV) of TP were found to be suitable as an electron donor for both fullerene and NFA OSCs. The TP:PC70BM blend provided a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.51% with an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.79 V, short-circuit current (Jsc) of 13.50 mA/cm2, and fill factor (FF) of 0.61. The PCE was remarkably improved to 8.18% (Voc ≈ 0.89 V, Jsc ≈ 15.31 mA/cm2, and FF ≈ 0.60) and 8.73% (Voc ≈ 0.74 V, Jsc ≈ 21.44 mA/cm2, and FF ≈ 0.55), for the OSC device prepared using TP and NFAs such as ITIC and IEICO-4F. Surprisingly, the OSC device created using a ternary blend, TP:ITIC:IEICO-4F, provided an outstanding PCE of 9.80% (Voc ≈ 0.87 V, Jsc ≈ 19.09 mA/cm2, and FF ≈ 0.59).
PPARs in Diseases: Control Mechanisms of Inflammation (2005)

The three isotypes of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), PPARalpha, beta/delta and gamma, are ligand-inducible transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor family. PPARs are implicated in the control of inflammatory responses and in energy homeostasis and thus, can be defined as metabolic and anti-inflammatory transcription factors. They exert their anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules and extracellular matrix proteins or by stimulating the production of anti-inflammatory molecules. Furthermore, PPARs modulate the proliferation, differentiation and survival of immune cells including macrophages, B cells and T cells. This review discusses the molecular mechanisms by which PPARs and their ligands modulate the inflammatory response. In addition, it presents recent developments implicating PPAR specific ligands in potential treatments of inflammation-related diseases, such as atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases.
A chemiluminescence immunoassay for evaluation ofCryptosporidium parvumgrowth in vitro (1996)

A chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) was developed to detect Cryptosporidium parvum growth in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell cultures. Optimal results were obtained when MDCK cells were plated at a density of 1 x 10(4) cells/well (96-well plate) and maintained as a monolayer for 4 days prior to infection with 2 x 10(4) parasites/well. Two compounds (paromomycin and maduramicin) were evaluated and shown to have selective activity against C. parvum in a dose-dependent manner. There was excellent correlation between CLIA and immunofluorescence assay when assessing anti-C. parvum agents in MDCK cells. CLIA offers advantages over conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunofluorescence assay methods in that it is more sensitive and efficient. The combination of CLIA and MDCK culture provides an efficient tool for evaluating potential anti-cryptosporidial compounds prior to testing in animal models.
Thermal degradation behavior of epoxy resin blended with propyl ester phosphazene (2001)

Abstract The study was focused on the thermal degradation behavior of epoxy resins (EP) blended with propyl ester phosphazene (FR). The analysis studied the evolved gas and the residual char yield using different techniques. The results showed that pure epoxy resin and their blends were all a one‐stage thermal degradation reaction. The major degradation temperature of blends was lower than the temperature of pure epoxy resin, but the residual char yield of epoxy blends at 550°C was higher than that of pure epoxy resin. FR could accelerate the production of small molecules such as acetone, phenol, and isopropyl phenol during thermal degradation process. Honeycomb structure compounds were also formed in the residual char of epoxy and its blends. Additionally, elemental analysis of the residual char yield showed that phosphorus was a residual element, and other elements mostly diffused to the evolved gas. © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 81: 1161–1174, 2001
Digital adaptive Current Source Driver for interleaving Boost PFC converters under Critical Conduction Mode (2012)

Digital adaptive Current Source Drivers (CSDs) are proposed for interleaving Boost PFC converters. The adaptive drive current is achieved for the CSDs to optimize the switching loss and gate loss according to different load conditions in a wide load range. Compared to the adaptive CSD with the linear regulator, the digital adaptive control is able to eliminate the additional loss and cost introduced by the linear regulator. At the same time, the proposed digital CSD is compatible with digital control technique. The presented digital CSDs are applied to the interleaving parallel Boost PFC converters under Critical Conduction Mode (CRM) to reduce high turn-off and gate drive loss. A 110-VAC input, 380-V/ 400-W output interleaving Boost PFC converters were built to verify the functionality and advantages of the digital CSD.
Epidemiology of Ocular Chlamydial Infection in a Trachoma-Hyperendemic Area (1991)

The epidemiology of ocular chlamydial infection in a trachoma-hyperendemic area of Tanzania was investigated. Specimens for chlamydial isolation cultures and direct fluorescent antibody cytology were collected from 1085 children aged 1-7 years. Other data included examinations for signs of clinical trachoma and the collection of household data on risk factors. A total of 33% of children had a positive laboratory test for Chlamydia species. The most important factors for predicting chlamydial infection were the presence of a sibling with laboratory evidence of infection, increased number of flies around the house, a household that herded cattle, and practice of a local religion. Younger children and girls were at no increased risk for a positive laboratory test, although these subgroups have more clinical disease. The data are compatible with a model of less frequent episodes of reinfection as children become older.
Optical tweezers with tips grown at the end of fibers by photopolymerization (2009)

We present a method to build an optical tip at the end of a single-mode optical fiber. The tip is grown by a self-writing process: photopolymerization by the light coming from the optical fiber. We developed a technique to produce a flat end surface on the tip. The good optical quality of the tip and the output laser beam was demonstrated by the fact that a counterpropagating optical trap could be constructed by using the tips with parameters comparable to regular fiber traps. Because of the small size of the tips, the tweezers require a much smaller space than regular fiber traps.
<title>Automatic in-line optical defect inspection system for aperture grilles</title> (1994)

This paper presents an automatic in-line optical defect inspection systems for aperture grilles used for Sony Trinitron related products. The requirement to detect defects as small as 50 micrometers X 150 micrometers in as large as 1000 mm X 800 mm aperture grilles imposes a severe limitation for conventional machine vision techniques.
Control of photogenerated acid diffusion and evaporation by copolymerization with a basic monomer (1999)

Copolymers of t-butyl methacrylate and 3-(t-butoxycarbonyl)-1-vinylcaprolactam (BCVC) were synthesized with various monomer feed ratios. Diffusion of photogenerated acid in the copolymer films and the acid trapping capability of the basic BCVC units were investigated. The evaporation of acid was also studied by a spectral change of an indicator film that consisted of poly(vinyl alcohol) and tetrabromophenol blue sodium salt. It is found that only acid surviving deactivation by the BCVC units diffuses into unexposed areas and evaporates from the copolymer film. The evaporation of a low molecular weight basic additive is also examined. Whereas the low molecular weight basic additive is evaporated during baking, the basic monomer units in the copolymer are not evaporated at all. Thus, the copolymer with the basic monomer can control the acid diffusion and evaporation effectively. The new resist system enables us to form fine patterns even after a 2 h postexposure delay without any additional treatment.
Satellite‐Based Analysis of CO Seasonal and Interannual Variability Over the Amazon Basin (2018)

Abstract The “Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere” (MOPITT) satellite record is applied to study the geographical and temporal variability of carbon monoxide (CO) from biomass burning in the Amazon Basin. The presented analysis demonstrates the use of satellite observations for interpreting the effects of deforestation and climate on past and future emissions of CO. The study exploits the MOPITT “multispectral” retrieval product which effectively resolves tropospheric CO into two independently measured layers. New validation results based on in situ measurements during the ACRIDICON‐CHUVA aircraft campaign in 2014 are used for bias correction. Contrasting CO monthly climatologies are presented for the Amazon Basin for the lower and upper troposphere (“LT” and “UT”) with an emphasis on the Amazonian dry season. Climatologically, spatial patterns of UT CO over the Amazon Basin appear to be related to both deep convection and anticyclonic flow. Strongly enhanced LT basin‐mean CO concentrations are observed for the dry season months in 2005, 2007, 2010, and 2015, while the record also indicates a decreasing long‐term trend. These observations are consistent with the expected effects of falling deforestation rates since 2004, punctuated by CO spikes in drought years due to large‐scale wildfires.
Graphene–aluminum nitride NEMS resonant infrared detector (2016)

The use of micro-/nanoelectromechanical resonators for the room temperature detection of electromagnetic radiation at infrared frequencies has recently been investigated, showing thermal detection capabilities that could potentially outperform conventional microbolometers. The scaling of the device thickness in the nanometer range and the achievement of high infrared absorption in such a subwavelength thickness, without sacrificing the electromechanical performance, are the two key challenges for the implementation of fast, high-resolution micro-/nanoelectromechanical resonant infrared detectors. In this paper, we show that by using a virtually massless, high-electrical-conductivity, and transparent graphene electrode, floating at the van der Waals separation of a few angstroms from a piezoelectric aluminum nitride nanoplate, it is possible to implement ultrathin (460 nm) piezoelectric nanomechanical resonant structures with improved electromechanical performance (>50% improved frequency×quality factor) and infrared detection capabilities (>100× improved infrared absorptance) compared with metal-electrode counterparts, despite their reduced volumes. The intrinsic infrared absorption capabilities of a submicron thin graphene-aluminum nitride plate backed with a metal electrode are investigated for the first time and exploited for the first experimental demonstration of a piezoelectric nanoelectromechanical resonant thermal detector with enhanced infrared absorptance in a reduced volume. Moreover, the combination of electromagnetic and piezoelectric resonances provided by the same graphene-aluminum nitride-metal stack allows the proposed device to selectively detect short-wavelength infrared radiation (by tailoring the thickness of aluminum nitride) with unprecedented electromechanical performance and thermal capabilities. These attributes potentially lead to the development of uncooled infrared detectors suitable for the implementation of high performance, miniaturized and power-efficient multispectral infrared imaging systems.
Conceptual Design of UAV Airframes Using a Generic Geometry Service (2005)

With the increased freedom in layout selection possible when designing an Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) concept (compared, for example, to the relatively constrained and mature world of commercial airliner design), comes the significant challenge of building a geometry engine that will provide the variety of airframe models demanded by the highly global nature of the design search. In order to enable multidisciplinary trade-off studies, both an external surface and an internal structure are required – we use a single, generic model to supply these, in the form of a parametric geometry residing in a commercial
CAD tool. In addition to discussing the challenges of offering a truly flexible geometry service, we also delve into the UAV-specific issues of the initial sizing of the model. A wealth of statistical data provides one of the traditional handholds for this step in manned aircraft conceptual design – we discuss the
applicability of such statistical approaches to their unmanned counterparts.
A clinical study comparing the supragingival plaque and gingivitis efficacy of a specially engineered sonic powered toothbrush with unique sensing and control technologies to a commercially available manual flat-trim toothbrush. (2012)

The new specially engineered sonic powered toothbrush unique sensing and control technologies provides statistically significant and clinically relevant levels of efficacy in the removal of supragingival dental plaque after a single tooth brushing, and after four and 12 weeks' use. The new sonic powered toothbrush also provides statistically significantly greater levels of efficacy in the reduction of supragingival plaque, gingivitis, and gingival bleeding when compared to a manual flat-trim toothbrush.
Comparisons of optically monitored small-scale stirred tank vessels to optically controlled disposable bag bioreactors (2009)

Similar oxygen delivery rates were achieved in both systems, leading to comparable culture performance (growth and mAb production) across scales and mode of mixing. HTBR model was most fitting when neither system was pH-controlled, providing an information-rich alternative to typically non-monitored mL-scale platforms.
Flow insensitive C++ pointers and polymorphism analysis and its application to slicing (1997)

Large software systems are difficult to understand and maintain. Code analysis tools can provide programmers with different views of the software which may help their understanding activity. To be applicable to real programs written in modern programming languages, these tools need to efficiently handle pointers. In the case of C++ analysis, object oriented peculiarities (like, e.g., polymorphism) have to be accounted for as well.
Field and Laboratory Efficacy Studies of Erythrosin B for Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) and Drosophila robusta (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Control (1989)

A 1.0% liquid bait formulation of erythrosin B was tested for house fly, Musca domestica L., control in one room of an environmentally controlled caged-layer poultry facility. Reduced fly numbers were recorded between day 14 and day 17 in the room treated with erythrosin B, after 17 d populations increased significantly in treatment and control rooms. Increasing the light intensity to 188 or 386 lm/m squared for 8 h a day or increasing bait stations from one station per 87 m3 to one station per 70 m2 had no effect on developing house fly populations. Annoying levels of a vinegar fly, Drosophila robusta group, developed in the poultry facility during the study. Populations increased to greater than 400 adults/m2 of wall surface by day 15, then declined in the treatment room to less than 1 adult/m2 by day 33. Mortality of house flies that had ingested a 1.0% liquid formulation of erythrosin B was recorded under laboratory light intensities of 51, 532, and 1,030 lm/m2. All three intensities resulted in mortality significantly higher than the control, but mortality among the light intensity treatments did not differ significantly. When house flies were supplied water with erythrosin B, mortality did not differ significantly from that of the control.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 806: Ten Years Later (2013)

The efforts of Sherron Watkins at Enron and Cynthia Cooper at WorldCom led to revelations of scandal at those institutions and highlighted the importance of the role of the “whistleblower.” It was, consequently, legislated into the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (Section 806), the most comprehensive attempt at preventing and detecting corporate fraud among publicly traded companies ever undertaken. The success of a whistleblower program in public fi rms is determined by the protection afforded the whistleblower under the SOX and this in turn will ulti mately determine the Act’s effectiveness. We are approaching the tenth anniver sary of this landmark legislation. This paper analyzes the legal issues faced by whistleblowers under SOX as interpreted by the appellate courts and recent legislative changes. In particular, what protection is afforded an employee who stepped forward under SarbanesOxley? Has the anti-retaliation section pro vided the protection necessary to protect the whistleblowers? How has the whistleblower protection changed under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act?