gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Growth and characterization of single crystalline NiMnSb thin films and epitaxial NiMnSb/MgO/NiMnSb(001) trilayers (2002)

NiMnSb(001) high-quality epitaxial thin films have been prepared by molecular-beam epitaxy. The growth and morphology of the films have been extensively studied using electron diffraction and scanning tunneling microscopy. We report the presence of various surface structures on the free NiMnSb(001) surface. The structural properties of the prepared single-crystalline NiMnSb films have been analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and x-ray absorption. The typical $C1b$ structure is observed at a large scale with a very good chemical ordering in the unit cell. The magnetic properties have been investigated by x-ray magnetic circular dichroism and a superconducting quantum interferometer device and are compatible with the predicted half-metallic character. These NiMnSb layers have been integrated in single-crystalline NiMnSb/MgO/NiMnSb heterostructures for preparation of magnetic tunnel junctions with half-metallic electrodes.
Anion Trapping and Ionic Conductivity Enhancement in PEO-Based Composite Polymer–Li7La3Zr2O12 Electrolytes: The Role of the Garnet Li Molar Content (2023)

The successful development of all-solid-state batteries will provide solutions for many problems facing current Li-ion batteries, such as high flammability, limited energy density, poor cyclability and low cation transference number. In this quest, the development of high-performance solid-state electrolytes is critical. Composite polymer electrolytes (CPE), comprising ion-conducting (active) inorganic fillers and polymer matrices, have emerged as a promising strategy to yield better conductivity, interfacial stability, and mechanical strength than their single-phase counterparts. Recent experiments indicate that active garnet fillers may enhance the ionic conductivity of CPEs by inducing anion trapping onto their surface. Moreover, substitutions that modify the lithium molar content within the filler were shown to impact this enhancement. However, the molecular underpinning behind this phenomenon is poorly understood, hindering the development of strategies to exploit it optimally. In this study, we use an enhanced hybrid Monte Carlo technique in combination with extensive molecular dynamics simulations to bridge this gap. By focusing on the archetypal CPE formed by Ga-doped Li7–3xGaxLa3Zr2O12 (Gax-LLZO) embedded within a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) polymer matrix, we describe how the dynamic electrostatic trapping of anions leads to overall conductivity enhancement by increasing the lithium transference number and tracer diffusivity in the polymer phase. The extent of this enhancement can be fine-tuned by modulating the Li molar content of LLZO through the doping of Ga. We predict an optimal Li molar content of 5.95, which is lower than the optimal 6.50 reported in the literature for single LLZO.
Abnormal Ca2+ release from cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum in tachycardia-induced heart failure (1999)

In pacing-induced heart failure, the Ca2+ releasing function of SR is disturbed, which may result in an intra-cellular Ca2+ transient that was slowed down.
Effect of extremely low frequency magnetic fields on calpain activation (2005)

The effects of low intensity, low frequency magnetic fields (MFs) on catalytic activity of the calcium dependent protease calpain was determined following the enzyme activation both in "in vitro" and "in vivo" conditions. We have observed that a 0.3 mT MF induces a significant increase in the requirement of the protease for this metal ion. This change is detectable at low [Ca(2+)] and disappears when the level of Ca(2+) is raised to saturating amounts. The observed effects are not due to transient MF(-) induced conformational changes occurring in calpain, but to direct effects of the MF on Ca(2+) ions, which become less available for the binding sites present in calpain. Altogether, these results indicate that exposure to low intensity, low frequency MFs alters the intracellular Ca(2+) "availability," thereby modifying the related cell response.
Application of a New Chiral Phosphepine to the Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Cyclopentenes That Bear an Array of Heteroatom-Substituted Quaternary Stereocenters (2011)

Through the design and synthesis of a new chiral phosphepine, the first catalytic asymmetric method for the [3 + 2] cycloaddition of allenes with olefins has been developed that generates cyclopentenes that bear nitrogen-, phosphorus-, oxygen-, and sulfur-substituted quaternary stereocenters. A wide array of racemic γ-substituted allenes can be employed in this stereoconvergent process, which occurs with good enantioselectivity, diastereoselectivity, regioselectivity, and yield. Mechanistic studies, including a unique observation of a (modest) kinetic resolution of a racemic allene, are consistent with addition of the phosphepine to the allene being the turnover-limiting step of the catalytic cycle.
Brainstem transcription of speech is disrupted in children with autism spectrum disorders (2009)

Language impairment is a hallmark of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The origin of the deficit is poorly understood although deficiencies in auditory processing have been detected in both perception and cortical encoding of speech sounds. Little is known about the processing and transcription of speech sounds at earlier (brainstem) levels or about how background noise may impact this transcription process. Unlike cortical encoding of sounds, brainstem representation preserves stimulus features with a degree of fidelity that enables a direct link between acoustic components of the speech syllable (e.g. onsets) to specific aspects of neural encoding (e.g. waves V and A). We measured brainstem responses to the syllable /da/, in quiet and background noise, in children with and without ASD. Children with ASD exhibited deficits in both the neural synchrony (timing) and phase locking (frequency encoding) of speech sounds, despite normal click-evoked brainstem responses. They also exhibited reduced magnitude and fidelity of speech-evoked responses and inordinate degradation of responses by background noise in comparison to typically developing controls. Neural synchrony in noise was significantly related to measures of core and receptive language ability. These data support the idea that abnormalities in the brainstem processing of speech contribute to the language impairment in ASD. Because it is both passively elicited and malleable, the speech-evoked brainstem response may serve as a clinical tool to assess auditory processing as well as the effects of auditory training in the ASD population.
Revisiting the TESOL Technology Standards for Teachers (2021)

This article revisits the TESOL Technology Standards for Teachers (TTST) and discusses the potential for their continued relevance 13 years after they were first promulgated (TESOL, 2008). To provide a historical backdrop, I first cover the development of the standards from the inside perspective of one of the six members of the team that created them. I next review some key literature relating to the influence of the TESOL standards on teacher education and professional development. I then discuss a multi-year project, in which the TTST were first introduced into an existing CALL course and then integrated throughout the eight units of the course. I describe how the TTST as presented in the two TESOL publications—TESOL (2008) and Healey et al. (2011)—can provide a somewhat problematic set of expectations for the pre-service teacher candidates in that course. Input from participants led to a restructuring of the course and a reformulation of the Healey et al.’s (2011) “can do” statements to better serve those who have not yet begun their teaching career. I conclude with speculation about the value of the TTST in the present and near future, particularly in light of the recent expansion of online teaching brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Factor XIII Val34Leu mutation accelerates the development of fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B and C (2012)

Our data show that factor XIII Val34Leu mutation alone or in combination with PAI-1 4G/5G mutation is a risk factor for an increased rate of liver fibrosis development in patients with CHB or CHC.
DNA methylation and the Epstein–Barr virus (1999)

EBV is a ubiquitous herpesvirus associated with a variety of lymphoid and epithelial tumors. In healthy lymphocytes and in tumors immune surveillance is evaded by suppression of a family of immunodominant viral antigens. Methylation of a viral promoter plays a crucial role in this suppression. Methylation of the viral genome in the latent state over evolutionary time is believed to account for CpG suppression that distinguishes this virus from most other large DNA viruses. Pharmacologic manipulation of methylation may offer an opportunity to unmask viral antigens and expose tumors to immune surveillance.
Evolving Error Tolerance in Biologically-Inspired iAnt Robots (2013)

Evolutionary algorithms can adapt the behavior of individuals to maximize the fitness of cooperative multi-agent teams. We use a genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize behavior in a team of simulated robots that mimic foraging ants, then transfer the evolved behaviors into physical iAnt robots. We introduce positional and resource detection error models into our simulation to characterize the empirically-measured sensor error in our physical robots. Physical and simulated robots that live in a world with error and use parameters adapted specifically for an error-prone world perform better than robots in the same error-prone world using parameters adapted for an error-free world. Additionally, teams of robots in error-adapted simulations collect resources at the same rate as the physical robots. Our approach extends state-of-theart biologically-inspired robotics, evolving high-level behaviors that are robust to sensor error and meaningful for phenotypic analysis. This work demonstrates the utility of employing evolutionary methods to optimize the performance of distributed robot teams in unknown environments.
Phenalen-1-one-mediated photodynamic therapy inhibits keloid graft progression by reducing vessel formation and promoting fibroblast apoptosis (2021)

Ph1-PDT may suppress keloid progression by reducing vessel formation and inflammation, and promoting fibroblast apoptosis, suggesting a potential therapy method for keloid.
Capsular Polysaccharide Types of Group B Streptococcal Isolates from Neonates with Early‐Onset Systemic Infection (1998)

The distribution of serotypes of group B streptococci (GBS) isolated from 67 infants with early-onset sepsis are described. Case-infants were assembled from 13 hospitals across the United States from 15 July 1995 to 5 February 1997 through prospective active surveillance. The distribution of GBS serotypes was Ia, 40%; Ib, 9%; II, 6%; III, 27%; V, 15%; and nontypeable, 3%. Type V occurred more frequently in the northeast region (New York and New Jersey) than in other regions (29% vs. 9%, P = .06). Conversely, type III occurred significantly less frequently in the northeast region than other regions (10% vs. 35%, P = .04). GBS types Ia, III, and V accounted for 82% of the isolates. This report supports previous observations about the emergence of GBS type V, but our data caution that conclusions about serotype distributions based on one geographic location or on a small number of patients may not be generally applicable. Continued monitoring seems necessary for the design of a GBS vaccine.
HANDWRITTEN SIGNATURE VERIFICATIONS USING ADAPTIVE RESONANCE THEORY TYPE-2 (ART-2) NET (2012)

Authorizing hand-written signature has always been a challenge to prevent illegal transactions, especially when the forged and the original signatures are very „similar-looking‟ in nature. In this paper, we aim to automate forged signature verification process, offline, using Adaptive Resonance Theory type-2 (ART-2), which has been implemented in „C‟ language using both sequential and parallel programming. The said network has been trained with the original signature and tested with twelve very similar-looking but forged signatures. The mismatch threshold is set as 5%; however, it is set flexible as per the requirement from case-to-case. In order to obtain the desired result, the vigilance parameter (ρ) and the cluster size (m) has been tuned by carefully conducted parametric studies. The accuracy of the ART-2 net has been computed as almost 100% with ρ = 0.97 and m = 20.
High Temperature Deformation Behavior and Microstructure Change in Nano-Grain Ti-SiC Composites (2007)

Ti-SiC nano grain composite is produced by sintering process by using mechanical alloyed powder. Then, its high temperature transformation behavior and the microstructure change of non-equilibrium structures are investigated. TiC/Ti5Si3 powders of elements Ti and SiC whose composition is Ti-20mass%SiC are blended for mechanical alloying (MA). The MA powder whose average particle size is 20∼30μm, has an amorphous structure. The MA powder is compacted by cold compact compression machine for fabrication of a compression-test piece. As the results of the compression-test and TEM observations, it found that new phases were forming during the compression test, and the flow stress changed depending on the initial microstructure of a test piece. Especially, the existence of Ti3SiC2 and a SiC phase affected deformation resistance. Such a deformation behavior is attributed to a pseudo-superplasticity in the material, in which the phase transition of metastable microstructure occurs during the deformation.
The reaction of aroyl‐substituted heterocyclic ketene aminals with aryl azides (2000)

The aroyl-substituted heterocyclic ketene aminals 1 or 2 reacted with p-chlorophenyl azide (3a) to give the polysubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles 4 or 5, as well as the fused heterocycles 6 or 7. Compounds 1 and 2 reacted with p-nitrophenyl azide (3b) much faster, and polysubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles 8 or 9 were obtained as sole products. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 11:387–391, 2000
A Multi-Enterprise Containerization Approach with an Interoperable Position-Based System (2018)

In this paper, we present our position-based, Multi-EnterpRise Containerization (MERC) architecture for BYOD security. The MERC architecture leverages positional data to grant context-aware capabilities to container-based systems. We grant enterprises the ability of defining location- and proximity-based conditions that must be met in order for users to securely access enterprise container content. First, we provide a scalable location-based scheme that allows multiple enterprise context-aware systems to securely coexist and activate policies and personas on an end-user's device. Second, the MERC incorporates proximity-based constraints to modify a persona's behavior. We evaluate our prototype using preexisting infrastructures, and our experimental results show that MERC is an effective and practical solution for BYOD security.
A Feature-Enriched Completely Blind Image Quality Evaluator (2015)

Existing blind image quality assessment (BIQA) methods are mostly opinion-aware. They learn regression models from training images with associated human subjective scores to predict the perceptual quality of test images. Such opinion-aware methods, however, require a large amount of training samples with associated human subjective scores and of a variety of distortion types. The BIQA models learned by opinion-aware methods often have weak generalization capability, hereby limiting their usability in practice. By comparison, opinion-unaware methods do not need human subjective scores for training, and thus have greater potential for good generalization capability. Unfortunately, thus far no opinion-unaware BIQA method has shown consistently better quality prediction accuracy than the opinion-aware methods. Here, we aim to develop an opinion-unaware BIQA method that can compete with, and perhaps outperform, the existing opinion-aware methods. By integrating the features of natural image statistics derived from multiple cues, we learn a multivariate Gaussian model of image patches from a collection of pristine natural images. Using the learned multivariate Gaussian model, a Bhattacharyya-like distance is used to measure the quality of each image patch, and then an overall quality score is obtained by average pooling. The proposed BIQA method does not need any distorted sample images nor subjective quality scores for training, yet extensive experiments demonstrate its superior quality-prediction performance to the state-of-the-art opinion-aware BIQA methods. The MATLAB source code of our algorithm is publicly available at www.comp.polyu.edu.hk/~cslzhang/IQA/ILNIQE/ILNIQE.htm.
SNR mismatch and online estimation in turbo decoding (1998)

Iterative decoding of turbo codes, as well as other concatenated coding schemes of similar nature, requires knowledge of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the channel so that proper blending of the a posteriori information of the separate decoders is achieved. We study the sensitivity of decoder performance to misestimation of the SNR, and propose a simple online scheme that estimates the unknown SNR from each code block, prior to decoding. We show that this scheme is sufficiently adequate in accuracy to not appreciably degrade the performance.
Nanostructured Ti-Cr-B-N and Ti-Cr-Si-C-N coatings for hard-alloy cutting tools (2011)

Nanostructured Ti-Cr-B-N and Ti-Cr-Si-C-N coatings with various contents of chromium and nitrogen are obtained by the magnetron sputtering of multiphase composite targets. Their structure and phase composition are investigated by X-ray phase analysis, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and optical emission glow-discharge spectroscopy. The Ti-Cr-B-N and Ti-Cr-Si-C-N coatings are based on the fcc phase with texture (100) and crystallite size <25 nm. The Si3N4-based hexagonal phase was also revealed in the Ti-Cr-Si-C-N coatings. An investigation into the properties of coatings with the use of methods of nanoindentation, scratch testing, and by performing tribological tests showed that they have a hardness of up to 30 GPa, an adhesion strength no lower than 35 N, and their friction coefficient falls in the range of 0.35–0.57. Coatings also possess high thermal stability, resistance to oxidation, and corrosion stability in a 1N H2SO4 solution. The data obtained in tests of hard-alloy cutting tools indicate that the deposition of nanostructured Ti-Cr-B-N and Ti-Cr-Si-C-N coatings increases its resistance by a factor of 11–17.
Alexandrite-Pumped Cr and Nd Materials for Chirped Pulse Amplification (1992)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. Squier, G. Mourou, and D. Harter, "Alexandrite-Pumped Cr and Nd Materials for Chirped Pulse Amplification," in Advanced Solid State Lasers, L. Chase and A. Pinto, eds., Vol. 13 of OSA Proceedings Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1992), paper SL3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Innate Antibacterial Activity in Female Genital Tract Secretions Is Associated with Increased Risk of HIV Acquisition (2015)

Greater inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli and levels of human β defensin (HBD)-2 in genital tract secretions predicted HIV acquisition in women in the HPTN 035 trial. We investigated whether higher levels of E. coli inhibitory activity and antimicrobial peptides in cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) samples predicted HIV acquisition in women in the CAPRISA 002 Acute Infection Study. E. coli inhibitory activity and antimicrobial peptides were quantified in CVL from a subset of CAPRISA 002 participants who did not seroconvert (n=39) and from seroconverting women prior to infection (n=17) and during acute infection (n=11). Women who acquired HIV had significantly greater preinfection CVL E. coli inhibitory activity (p=0.01) and HBD-1 levels (p=0.02) compared to women who remained uninfected. Preinfection E. coli inhibitory activity remained significantly associated with seroconversion following adjustment for the presence of bacterial vaginosis (OR 1.45; 95% CI 1.07, 1.97). Partial least squares discriminant analysis confirmed that preinfection CVL E. coli inhibitory activity, together with higher CVL concentrations of HBD-1 and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, distinguished seroconverters from nonseroconverters with 67% calibration accuracy. CVL concentrations of human neutrophil peptides (HNP) 1-3 increased significantly with acute infection (p=0.001) and correlated with plasma viral set point (r=0.66, p=0.03). E. coli inhibitory activity in genital tract secretions could provide a biomarker of HIV risk. The correlation between HNP 1-3 and viral set point merits further investigation of the relationship between mucosal inflammation during early HIV infection and disease progression.
Towards implementing policy-based systems management (1996)

Managing modern information systems becomes increasingly complex. Therefore, the need for flexible mechanisms which assist system managers is evident. Management policies are means to control object behaviour. Considerable work has been done on the specification and classification of policies, but their enforcement is still an open research topic. In this paper we propose an event-driven approach to policy-based management, where a manager delegates policy enforcement to an agent. We introduce a policy controller object, which holds management information in the form of rules and controls the behaviour of arbitrary objects. We also present performance results and an example using the introduced concepts which is implemented on the ANSAware distributed platform.
Acetylated low-density lipoprotein as a vehicle for antiinfectious drugs: preparation and antileishmanial activity of Ac-LDL containing ketoconazole-oleate (1990)

Previous studies have demonstrated that mouse peritoneal macrophages take up low-density lipoproteins (LDL) which have been chemically modified by the acetylation of lysine residues (Ac-LDL). This uptake is mediated through a specific receptor known as the scavenger receptor. Ac-LDL therefore appear to have excellent potential for antiinfectious drug targeting. We have developed a new method to incorporate ketoconazole-oleate, a lipophilic derivative of ketoconazole, into Ac-LDL. The method involves solubilization of LDL in the presence of Na deoxycholate, the addition of a micellar solution of the drug to be incorporated, and the subsequent removal of the detergent leading to the formation of reconstituted LDL (referred to as LDL-KOL). The LDL-KOL contain 200 drug molecules per LDL particle and compete for the binding of native 125I-LDL on human skin fibroblast monolayers. Furthermore, reconstituted LDL-KOL are indistinguishable from native LDL with regard to lipid composition and electrophoretic mobility. LDL-KOL, when acetylated, are recognized by the scavenger receptor. Acetylated LDL-KOL show antileishmanial activity when tested on infected macrophages. The activity appears to be mediated through the scavenger-cell pathway, as LDL-KOL are inactive under the same conditions. Moreover, acetylated LDL-KOL are selectively accumulated within infected macrophages rather than in normal cells. This may be of value in the treatment of intracellular infections.