gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fault Tolerant Infective Countermeasure for AES. (2015)

Abstract. Infective countermeasures have been a promising class of fault attack countermeasures. However, they have been subjected to sev-eral attacks owing to lack of formal proofs of security and improper implementations. In this paper, we first provide a formal information theoretic proof of security for one of the most recently proposed infective countermeasures against DFA, under the assumption that the adversary does not change the flow sequence or skip any instruction. Subsequently, we identify weaknesses in the infection mechanism of the countermeasure that could be exploited by attacks which change the flow sequence. We propose suitable randomizations to reduce the success probabilities of such attacks. Furthermore, we develop a fault tolerant implementation of the countermeasure using the x86 instruction set to make such attacks which attempt to change the control flow of the algorithm practically in-feasible. All the claims have been validated by supporting simulations and real life experiments on a SASEBO-W platform. We also compare the performance and security provided by the proposed countermeasure against that provided by the existing scheme.
PGE2inhibits apoptosis in human adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cell line through Ras-PI3K association and cAMP-dependent kinase A activation (2007)

PGE2 plays a critical role in colorectal carcinogenesis. We have previously shown that COX-2 expression and PGE2 synthesis are mediated by IGF-II/IGF-I receptor signaling in the Caco-2 cell line and that the pathway of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt protects the cell from apoptosis. In the present study, we demonstrate that PGE2 has the ability to increase Ras and PI3K association and decrease the level of apoptosis in the same experimental system. The effect of PGE2 on PI3K/Ras association is dependent on the activation of EP4 receptor, the increase of cAMP levels, and the activation of PKA. In fact, treatment of cells with the PKA inhibitor H89 decreases the association of Ras and PI3K and Ras-associated PI3K activity. PKA inhibitor H89 is able to decrease threonine phosphorylation of Akt and to increase serine phosphorylation of Akt by p38 MAPK and counteracts the cytoprotective effect induced by PGE2. In addition, PGE2 is able to activate p38 MAPK and the inhibition of p38 MAPK, with SB203580 specific inhibitor or with dominant negative MKK6 kinase, is able to revert the apoptotic effect of H89 and serine phosphorylation of Akt. The effect of PGE2 on Caco-2 cell survival through PKA activation is mediated and regulated by the balance of threonine/serine phosphorylation of Akt by p38 kinase and PI3K. In conclusion, our data elucidate a novel mechanism for regulation of colon cancer cell survival and provide evidences for new combinatory treatments of colon cancer.
Systemic anti-inflammatory mediators in COPD: increase in soluble interleukin 1 receptor II during treatment of exacerbations (2001)

These data suggest an imbalance in systemic levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators in patients with stable COPD. The increase in the anti-inflammatory mediator sIL-1RII during treatment of exacerbations may contribute to the clinical improvement.
CD4+ invariant natural killer T cells protect from murine GVHD lethality through expansion of donor CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (2014)

Dysregulated donor T cells lead to destruction of host tissues resulting in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). We investigated the impact of highly purified (>95%) donor CD4(+) invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells on GVHD in a murine model of allogeneic HCT. We found that low doses of adoptively transferred donor CD4(+) iNKT cells protect from GVHD morbidity and mortality through an expansion of donor CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs). These Tregs express high levels of the Ikaros transcription factor Helios and expand from the Treg pool of the donor graft. Furthermore, CD4(+) iNKT cells preserve T-cell-mediated graft-versus-tumor effects. Our studies reveal new aspects of the cellular interplay between iNKT cells and Tregs in the context of tolerance induction after allogeneic HCT and set the stage for clinical translation.
Methods for modeling resource contention on simultaneous multithreading processors (2006)

Simultaneous multithreading (SMT) seeks to improve the computation throughput of a processor core by sharing primary resources such as functional units, issue bandwidth, and caches. SMT designs increase utilization and generally improve overall throughput, but the amount of improvement is highly dependent on competition for shared resources between the scheduled threads. This variability has implications that relate to operating system scheduling, simulation techniques, and fairness. Although these techniques recognize the implications of thread interaction, they do little to profile and predict this interaction. The modeling approach presented in this paper uses data collected from performance counters on two different hardware implementations of Pentium-4 hyper-threading processors to demonstrate the effects of thread interaction. Techniques are described for fitting linear regression models and recursive partitioning to use the counters to make online predictions of performance (expressed as instructions per cycle); these predictions can be used by the operating system to guide scheduling decisions. A detailed analysis of the effectiveness of each of these techniques is presented.
Suppression of Murine Cardiac Allograft Arteriopathy by Long-Term Blockade of CD40-CD154 Interactions (2002)

These data show that perioperative CD154 blockade mitigates acute rejection but long-term CD154 blockade may result in decreased allograft endothelial activation and is required to suppress allograft arteriopathy.
Tetra- and Heptametallic Ru(II),Rh(III) Supramolecular Hydrogen Production Photocatalysts (2017)

Supramolecular mixed metal complexes combining the trimetallic chromophore [{(bpy)<sub>2</sub>Ru(dpp)}<sub>2</sub>Ru(dpp)]<sup>6+</sup> (Ru<sub>3</sub>) with [Rh(bpy)Cl<sub>2</sub>]<sup>+</sup> or [RhCl<sub>2</sub>]<sup>+</sup> catalytic fragments to form [{(bpy)<sub>2</sub>Ru(dpp)}<sub>2</sub>Ru(dpp)RhCl<sub>2</sub>(bpy)](PF<sub>6</sub>)<sub>7</sub> (Ru<sub>3</sub>Rh) or [{(bpy)<sub>2</sub>Ru(dpp)}<sub>2</sub>Ru(dpp)]<sub>2</sub>RhCl<sub>2</sub>(PF<sub>6</sub>)<sub>13</sub> (Ru<sub>3</sub>RhRu<sub>3</sub>) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine and dpp = 2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)pyrazine) catalyze the photochemical reduction of protons to H<sub>2</sub>. This first example of a heptametallic Ru,Rh photocatalyst produces over 300 turnovers of H<sub>2</sub> upon photolysis of a solution of acetonitrile, water, triflic acid, and N,N-dimethylaniline as an electron donor. In contrast, the tetrametallic Ru<sub>3</sub>Rh produces only 40 turnovers of H<sub>2</sub> due to differences in the excited state properties and nature of the catalysts upon reduction as ascertained from electrochemical data, transient absorption spectroscopy, and flash-quench experiments. While the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of Ru<sub>3</sub>Rh is localized on a bridging ligand, it is Rh-centered in Ru<sub>3</sub>RhRu<sub>3</sub> facilitating electron collection at Rh in the excited state and reductively quenched state. The Ru → Rh charge separated state of Ru<sub>3</sub>RhRu<sub>3</sub> is endergonic with respect to the emissive Ru → dpp <sup>3</sup>MLCT excited and cannot be formed by static electron transfer quenching of the <sup>3</sup>MLCT state. Instead, a mechanism of subnanosecond charge separation from high lying states is proposed. Multiple reductions of Ru<sub>3</sub> and Ru<sub>3</sub>Rh using sodium amalgam were carried out to compare UV-vis absorption spectra of reduced species and to evaluate the stability of highly reduced complexes. The Ru<sub>3</sub> and Ru<sub>3</sub>Rh can be reduced by 10 and 13 electrons, respectively, to final states with all bridging ligands doubly reduced and all bpy ligands singly reduced.
Fast compilation for pipelined reconfigurable fabrics (1999)

Article Free Access Share on Fast compilation for pipelined reconfigurable fabrics Authors: Mihai Budiu Carnegie Mellon University Carnegie Mellon UniversityView Profile , Seth Copen Goldstein Carnegie Mellon University Carnegie Mellon UniversityView Profile Authors Info & Claims FPGA '99: Proceedings of the 1999 ACM/SIGDA seventh international symposium on Field programmable gate arraysFebruary 1999 Pages 195–205https://doi.org/10.1145/296399.296459Published:01 February 1999Publication History 43citation420DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations43Total Downloads420Last 12 Months10Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF ORAL IMMUNOGLOBULIN IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (1995)

Weisbart, Richard H. MD; Ho, Gerald MD; Park, Christine MD; Fine, Harriet V. R.Ph.; Wong, Andrew L. MD; Zack, Debra Jeske MD, Ph.D.Author Information
[O2‐01‐02]: Design and implementation of a multicenter trial of vitamin E in aging individuals with Down syndrome (2005)

Older individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have an extremely high risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Advances in understanding the pathophysiology of AD, and the development of effective therapies for individuals with sporadic AD, have raised the possibility that aging DS individuals may benefit from therapy directed against AD. Yet no prior large clinical trials have been conducted in this population. To initiate an international, multicenter clinical trial aimed at slowing cognitive decline in aging individuals with Down syndrome. We assembled investigators, including clinical trialists, AD clinical scientists, and DS experts, to develop the infrastructure and methodology for studying the efficacy of therapeutic interventions aimed at slowing the process of AD in DS. Results: The study investigators faced many design issues unique to this study population. Consensus decisions were made regarding various aspects of the trial design, including selection of therapeutic intervention (high dose vitamin E), subject selection (individuals 50 years and older), outcome measures (the Brief Praxis Test, as well as a number of secondary assessments) and duration of treatment (3 years). The decisions will be reviewed, and the rationale for each presented. Issues related to informed consent, inclusion and exclusion criteria and safety assessments will also be reviewed. The study, A Multicenter Trial of Vitamin E in Aging Individuals with Down syndrome, has been launched with grant support from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The first large-scale international therapeutic trial to slow AD in DS is now under way, with over 240 subjects enrolled to date. The process of designing and implementing the trial has resulted in a valuable exchange of experiences between clinical scientists and clinicians regarding aging in DS and AD. We believe that the trial will lay the foundations for further therapeutic trials in this area.
The Step in Place Test (2004)

0718 PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate four candidate clinical tests of stepping speed against laboratory measures of stepping speed before and after an exercise intervention. METHODS: Healthy older males (n = 20) and females (n = 28) aged 65–82 yrs were randomized into one of two 12-week, three day/week exercise programs: 34 subjects performed high-velocity resistance training (HVRT) targeting muscular strength and power for five leg exercises, and 14 subjects performed whole-body flexibility and upper-body resistance training (FUBT). Muscular strength (onerepetition maximum), muscular power (tested on the resistance training machines) and rapid stepping tests were performed pre- and post-intervention. Three laboratory stepping tests (LAB) were performed – two were tests of volitional stepping and one was a test of compensatory stepping due to lateral destabilization. Four clinically oriented stepping tests were also evaluated to determine their utility as proxy tests for stepping speed: the Step in Place (SIP) Test, Repeated Step Up Test, Side Step Test and Four Square Step Test (FSST)). These tests, except for FSST, were modified from versions utilized in previous literature. The LAB measurements were made with sophisticated laboratory equipment including instrumented platforms and computers, while the clinical test outcomes (in units of time) were measured with a stopwatch. Analyses of variance were used to determine improvements in stepping performance with exercise, and regression analyses were used to determine the factors involved in the improvements. RESULTS: As reported previously, most LAB parameters (reaction time, amplitude and duration of anticipatory postural adjustments, stepping speed) improved regardless of exercise group for volitional and compensatory stepping. Subjects also improved on the clinical stepping tests. Only SIP was well related to the improvements in performance on LAB tests; improvements on LAB performance explained an additional 28.7% of the variance in SIP improvements following exercise training in addition to the other variables (which were pre-intervention SIP time, exercise group assignment, and the improvements in strength and power variables; full model R2 = 72.9%, p = 0.000). Those who were the slowest prior to the intervention improved the most. CONCLUSIONS: SIP has good potential as a proxy test of stepping speed in lieu of laboratory stepping tests for older adults. Since speed of movement is an important risk factor for falling, SIP may be useful as a proxy test of stepping speed in fall risk assessments of older adults.
Rehabilitation robotics ontology on the cloud (2013)

We introduce the first formal rehabilitation robotics ontology, called RehabRobo-Onto, to represent information about rehabilitation robots and their properties; and a software system RehabRobo-Query to facilitate access to this ontology. RehabRobo-Query is made available on the cloud, utilizing Amazon Web services, so that 1) rehabilitation robot designers around the world can add/modify information about their robots in RehabRobo-Onto, and 2) rehabilitation robot designers and physical medicine experts around the world can access the knowledge in RehabRobo-Onto by means of questions about robots, in natural language, with the guide of the intelligent userinterface of RehabRobo-Query. The ontology system consisting of RehabRobo-Onto and RehabRobo-Query is of great value to robot designers as well as physical therapists and medical doctors. On the one hand, robot designers can access various properties of the existing robots and to the related publications to further improve the state-of-the-art. On the other hand, physical therapists and medical doctors can utilize the ontology to compare rehabilitation robots and to identify the ones that serve best to cover their needs, or to evaluate the effects of various devices for targeted joint exercises on patients with specific disorders.
A high activity zinc transporter OsZIP9 mediates zinc uptake in rice (2020)

Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient for most organisms including humans, and Zn deficiency is widespread in human populations, particularly in underdeveloped regions. Cereals such as rice (Oryza sativa) are the major dietary source of Zn for most people. However, the molecular mechanism underlying Zn uptake in rice is still not fully understood. Here, we report that a member of the ZIP (ZRT, IRT-like protein) family, OsZIP9, contributes to Zn uptake in rice. It was expressed in the epidermal and exodermal cells of lateral roots, localized in the plasma membrane and induced during Zn deficiency. Yeast-expressed OsZIP9 showed much higher Zn influx transport activity than other rice ZIP proteins in a wide range of Zn concentrations. OsZIP9 knockout rice plants showed a significant reduction in growth at low Zn concentrations, but could be rescued by a high Zn supply. Compared with the wild type, accumulation of Zn in root, shoot and grain was much lower in knockout lines, particularly with a low supply of Zn under both hydroponic and paddy soil conditions. OsZIP9 also showed Co uptake activity. Natural variation of OsZIP9 expression level is highly associated with Zn content in milled grain among rice varieties in the germplasm collection. Taken together, these results show that OsZIP9 is an important influx transporter responsible for the take up of Zn and Co from external media into root cells.
Determination of Cathepsin B Expression May Offer Additional Prognostic Information for Ovarian Cancer Patients (2002)

The lysosomal cysteine proteinase cathepsin B has been implicated in the progression of various human tumors including ovarian cancer. Included in this study were 63 patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Follow-up information (median follow-up period 7 years) was available for all patients, among whom 42 (66.7%) had relapsed and 32 (50.8%) had died. The immunohistochemistry method was adopted for the detection of cathepsin B using paraffin embedded specimens. Results were compared to clinico-pathological data. Statistical analysis showed cathepsin B expression to be significantly associated with the stage of disease, debulking success and interestingly, with progesterone receptors. It was also inversely related to progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Accordingly, cathepsin B can be regarded as unfavorable and as an independent tumor marker for progression-free survival and overall survival in ovarian cancer patients with long follow-up.
A genetic algorithm for low variance control in semiconductor device manufacturing: some early results (1996)

Genetic algorithms are a computational paradigm modeled after biological genetics. They allow one to efficiently search a very large optimization space for good solutions. In this paper we describe the use of a genetic algorithm for developing robust plasma etch recipes that reduce the variance about a target mean and allow the dc bias to drift within 15% of a nominal value. The tapered via etch process in our production facility results in a oxide films of about 7093 /spl Aring/ and a standard deviation of 730 /spl Aring/. In simulations using real production data and a neural network model of the process our new recipes have reduced the standard deviation below 200 /spl Aring/. These results indicate that significant improvement in the process can be realized by applying these techniques.
Notizen: The Crystal Structures of Pyridinium Chloride Revisited: Evidence for Extensive C–H ••• Cl Hydrogen-Bond Interactions (1993)

A reinvestigation of the previously determined structures of two polymorphs of pyridinium chloride shows that both polymorphs contain several aromatic C– H-H···Cl hydrogen-bond interactions. These hydrogen bonds, hitherto unrecognized, may play a significant structural role, both in solution and in the solid-state.
Biotin as a Reactive Handle to Selectively Label Proteins and DNA with Small Molecules (2021)

Biotin is a common functional handle for bioconjugation to proteins and DNA, but its uses are limited to protein-containing conjugation partners such as streptavidin and derivatives thereof. Recently, oxaziridine reagents were developed that selectively conjugate the thioether of methionines on the surface of proteins, a method termed redox-activated chemical tagging (ReACT). These reagents generate sulfimide linkages that range in stability depending on the solvent accessibility and substitutions on the oxaziridine. Here we show that oxaziridine reagents react rapidly with the thioether in biotin to produce sulfimide products that are stable for more than 10 d at 37 °C. This method, which we call biotin redox-activated chemical tagging (BioReACT), expands the utility of biotin labeling and enables a predictable and stable chemical conjugation to biomolecules without the need to screen for a suitable methionine conjugation site. We demonstrate the versatility of this approach by producing a fluorescently labeled antibody, an antibody-drug conjugate, and a small molecule-conjugated oligonucleotide. We anticipate that BioReACT will be useful to rapidly introduce biorthogonal handles into biomolecules using biotin, a functional group that is widespread and straightforward to install.
Attenuation coefficient measurements with OCT Monte Carlo simulations compared with experimental OCT measurements on intralipid (2023)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a technique that is widely used to diagnose pathologies through morphological changes in tissue structure. OCT imaging of such structures based on the backscattered intensity provides qualitative images that are not quantitatively related to the tissue’s optical properties. Since certain pathologies affect optical parameters of tissues, such as the attenuation coefficient, quantification of the attenuation coefficient could be useful for medical diagnosis. For accurate quantisation of optical parameters robust depth resolved OCT models which are valid over a wide range of parameters are necessary.
Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound using a time‐intensity curve for the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma (2010)

• An objective and quantitative diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma by CEUS using a second-generation ultrasound contrast agent can be made by employing a TIC. • The TIC patterns of solid and cystic cancers were very similar, despite their morphological and vascular differences. • CEUS using TIC is a promising tool in the diagnosis of cystic renal cancer.
Permanent middle-ear aeration (1980)

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