gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RNase-Resistant Virus-Like Particles Containing Long Chimeric RNA Sequences Produced by Two-Plasmid Coexpression System (2008)

RNase-resistant, noninfectious virus-like particles containing exogenous RNA sequences (armored RNA) are good candidates as RNA controls and standards in RNA virus detection. However, the length of RNA packaged in the virus-like particles with high efficiency is usually less than 500 bases. In this study, we describe a method for producing armored L-RNA. Armored L-RNA is a complex of MS2 bacteriophage coat protein and RNA produced in Escherichia coli by the induction of a two-plasmid coexpression system in which the coat protein and maturase are expressed from one plasmid and the target RNA sequence with modified MS2 stem-loop (pac site) is transcribed from another plasmid. A 3V armored L-RNA of 2,248 bases containing six gene fragments-hepatitis C virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV1, SARS-CoV2, and SARS-CoV3), avian influenza virus matrix gene (M300), and H5N1 avian influenza virus (HA300)-was successfully expressed by the two-plasmid coexpression system and was demonstrated to have all of the characteristics of armored RNA. We evaluated the 3V armored L-RNA as a calibrator for multiple virus assays. We used the WHO International Standard for HCV RNA (NIBSC 96/790) to calibrate the chimeric armored L-RNA, which was diluted by 10-fold serial dilutions to obtain samples containing 10(6) to 10(2) copies. In conclusion, the approach we used for armored L-RNA preparation is practical and could reduce the labor and cost of quality control in multiplex RNA virus assays. Furthermore, we can assign the chimeric armored RNA with an international unit for quantitative detection.
ChemInform Abstract: METHOTREXATE ANALOGS. 8. SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF BISAMIDE DERIVATIVES AS POTENTIAL PRODRUGS (1977)

Abstract Durch Umsetzung mit Aminen (II) erhält man aus dem tumorhemmenden Methotrexat (III) die Bisamide (I), die in Tabellen aufgeführt sind.
The P2B Regulation (EU) 2019/1150: Towards a 'Procedural Turn' in EU Platform Regulation? (2020)

Since 12 July 2020, online marketplaces, app stores and search engines have to comply with the Regulation (EU) 2019/1150 on promoting fairness and transparency for business users of online intermediation services, better known as the “P2B Regulation”. The Regulation is the first step of the European Union’s strategy to set new rules for the online platform economy, which will be soon expanded by the much anticipated “Digital Services Act Package”. The P2B Regulation makes some important contributions regarding procedural fairness in the relationships between plat- forms and their business users. One might even say that the focus on platform procedure is a leitmotif of the P2B Regulation.
Identification of potential non-nucleoside MraY inhibitors for tuberculosis chemotherapy using structure-based virtual screening (2020)

The efforts to limit the spread of the tuberculosis epidemic have been challenged by the rise of drug-resistant strains of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (<i>Mtb</i>), the causative agent of tuberculosis. It is critical to discover new chemical scaffolds acting on novel or unexploited targets to beat this drug-resistant pathogen. MraY (phospho-MurNAc-pentapeptide translocase or translocase I) is an <i>in vivo</i> validated target for antibacterials-discovery. MraY is inhibited by nucleoside-based natural products that suffer from poor <i>in vivo</i> efficacy. The current study is focused on discovering novel chemical entities, particularly, non-nucleoside small molecules, as MraY<i><sub>Mtb</sub></i> inhibitors possessing antituberculosis activity. In the absence of any reported X-ray crystal structures of MraY<i><sub>Mtb</sub></i>, we used a homology model-based virtual screening approach combined with the ligand-based e-pharmacophore screening. We screened ∼12 million commercially available compounds from the ZINC15 database using GOLD software. The resulting hits were filtered using a 2-pronged screening method comprising e-pharmacophore hypotheses and docking against the MraY<i><sub>Mtb</sub></i> homology model using Glide. Further clustering based on Glide scores and optimal binding interactions resulted in 15 <i>in silico</i> hits. We performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for the three best-ranking compounds and one other poorer-ranking compound, out of the 15 <i>in silico</i> hits, to analyze the interaction modes in detail. The MD simulations indicated stable interactions between the compounds and key residues in the MraY active site that are crucial for maintaining the enzymatic activity. These <i>in silico</i> hits could advance the antibacterial drug discovery campaign to find new MraY inhibitors for tuberculosis treatment.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Effects of Microwave Heating and Gamma Irradiation on Phytate and Phospholipid Contents of Soybean (Glycine max. L.) (1989)

ABSTRACT The effect of microwave heating and gamma irradiation treatments on phosphorus compounds of soybean seeds were studied. Inorganic phosphorus was significantly (P &lt; 0.05) increased while, phytate and phospholipids were significantly decreased when soybean seeds were microwave‐heated for 9 min or more. Furthermore, gamma‐irradiation treatments of 20 KGy or more significantly increased inorganic phosphorus and decreased phytate and phospholipids of the beans. Two dimensional thin‐layer chromatography was employed to study the phospholipid pattern. Gamma‐irradiation at doses from 40 to 100 KGy produced lysophosphatidylcholine and phosphatidic acid. The data of this study showed that, the increase of inorganic phosphorus was mainly due to the decomposition of phytic acids and phosphates of inositol.
Inhibitory Effects of Constituents from Euphorbia lunulata on Differentiation of 3T3-L1 Cells and Nitric Oxide Production in RAW264.7 Cells (2011)

A new flavonol galactopyranoside, myricetin 3-O-(2'',3''-digalloyl)-β-D-galactopyranoide (1), and 23 known constituents, including myricetin 3-O-(2''-galloyl)-β-D-galactopyranoide (2), myricitrin (3), myricetin (4), quercetin 3-O-(2'', 3''-digalloyl)-β-D-galactopyranoide (5), quercetin 3-O-(2''-galloyl)-β-D-galactopyranoide (6), hyperin (7), isoquercetrin (8), quercetin (9), kaempferol (10), apigenin (11), luteolin (12), 3-O-methylquercetin (13), 5,7,2',5'-tetrahydroxyflavone (14), 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (15), 1,2,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (16), 1,3,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (17), gallic acid (18), protocatechuic acid (19), 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid (20), 2,6-dihydroxyacetophenone (21), 3,3'-di-O-methylellagic acid (22), ellagic acid (23) and esculetin (24) were isolated from Euphorbia lunulata Bge. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis. Isolated hydrolysable tannins, flavonoids, and flavonol galactopyranoside gallates showed significant inhibition of the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and triglyceride accumulation in maturing adipocytes, and nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells.
Analysis of the Oligosaccharides on Rat Androgen-Binding Protein Using Serial Lectin Chromatography1 (1990)

The microheterogeneity seen when rat androgen-binding protein (rABP) is analyzed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is attributable, at least in part, to the differential glycosylation of a single promoter. Further insight into the chemical nature of the oligosaccharide units on rABP was obtained by serial lectin chromatography. When rABP was chromatographed on immobilized Concanavalin A (Con-A), it was fractionated into three classes: (1) one that did not bind to the lectin (about 44% of the rABP), (2) one that was bound and could be eluted with 10 mM 1-O-methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside (glucoside), about 34%, and (3) one that could be eluted with 0.5 M methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside (mannoside), about 23%. Binding to Con-A indicates the presence of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides. Chromatography of the glucoside-eluted peak on lentil lectin (LcH) indicated that the rABP in that fraction contained a fucose residue on the chitobiose core. Chromatography of the mannoside-eluted peak on wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) indicated the presence of rABP with high mannose- (44%) and hybrid-type (56%) glycans attached. Chromatography on Ricinus communis I (RCA-I) lectin indicated a species containing galactosylated complex-type oligosaccharide chains. Treatment of rABP forms with exoglycosidases confirmed the presence of externally disposed fucose, sialic acid, mannose, and galactose residues. LcH chromatography indicated that about 30% of the rABP that did not bind to Con-A possessed triantennary oligosaccharides with fucose on the chitobiose core. About 28% of the rABP was retarded when it was chromatographed on Phaseolus vulgaris E lectin, suggesting the presence of bisected biantennary chains with terminal galactose residues. We were unable to detect rABP species with serine- or threonine-linked oligosaccharide chains in this fraction. Other forms of rABP in the nonretained fraction of Con-A were not resolved. Western blotting did not reveal major differences in relative molecular weight (Mr) among the rABP species; some differences in the ratio of the heavy to the light subunit of the molecule were detectable.
Dbf4-Cdc7 Phosphorylation of Mcm2 Is Required for Cell Growth (2009)

The Dbf4-Cdc7 kinase (DDK) is required for the activation of the origins of replication, and DDK phosphorylates Mcm2 in vitro. We find that budding yeast Cdc7 alone exists in solution as a weakly active multimer. Dbf4 forms a likely heterodimer with Cdc7, and this species phosphorylates Mcm2 with substantially higher specific activity. Dbf4 alone binds tightly to Mcm2, whereas Cdc7 alone binds weakly to Mcm2, suggesting that Dbf4 recruits Cdc7 to phosphorylate Mcm2. DDK phosphorylates two serine residues of Mcm2 near the N terminus of the protein, Ser-164 and Ser-170. Expression of mcm2-S170A is lethal to yeast cells that lack endogenous MCM2 (mcm2Delta); however, this lethality is rescued in cells harboring the DDK bypass mutant mcm5-bob1. We conclude that DDK phosphorylation of Mcm2 is required for cell growth.
Analysis Procedure for Load-Zoning Pavements (2003)

Most load-zoned roads in Texas are still posted with a gross vehicle weight limit of about 260 kN, corresponding to the legal load limit at the time these roads were designed and built. Since the load from a vehicle is transmitted to the pavement through its axles, establishing load limits based on axle load and axle configuration is a more rational approach than the one currently used. In recognition of the need for a better methodology of load-zoning pavements, the Texas Department of Transportation funded a project to develop a procedure for evaluating load restrictions on the basis of axle load and axle configuration. Research efforts conducted at the Texas Transportation Institute led to the development of the Program for Load-Zoning Analysis (PLZA), which pavement engineers may use to evaluate the need for load restrictions and to determine, as appropriate, the single- and tandem-axle load limits based on a user-prescribed reliability level. To predict the induced pavement response under surface wheel loads, PLZA uses a layered elastic pavement model that permits users to characterize pavement materials as linear or nonlinear. The predicted horizontal strain at the bottom of the asphalt layer and the vertical strain at the top of the subgrade are used to evaluate pavement performance. To combine the effects of different axle loads and axle configurations, PLZA uses Miner’s hypothesis of cumulative damage to predict service life and the probability of pavement failure within a prescribed analysis period. The methodology for load-zoning is described, and its application using data collected on in-service pavements is demonstrated.
Evaluation of proposed oral disposition index measures in relation to the actual disposition index (2009)

Aims While the disposition index provides a useful measure of B-cell function, its calculation requires the performance of a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIVGTT). Recently, the demonstration of a hyperbolic relationship between indices of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity derived from the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) has led to the introduction of two novel OGTT-based measures of B-cell function analogous to the disposition index: (i) the insulin secretion-sensitivity index-2 (ISSI-2) (defined as the ratio of the area-under-the-insulin-curve to the area-under-the-glucose curve, multiplied by the Matsuda index) and (ii) insulinogenic index (IGI)/fasting insulin. However, neither of these two measures has been directly compared with the disposition index. Methods Two hundred and thirteen non-diabetic children (122 boys, 91 girls) underwent both OGTT and FSIVGTT, allowing for the calculation of ISSI-2, IGI/fasting insulin and the disposition index. Results ISS1-2 and IGI/fasting insulin were strongly correlated with each other (r = 0.82, P < 0.0001). Both measures correlated with the disposition index, with ISSI-2 showing a modestly stronger association (ISSI-2: r = 0.24, P = 0.0003; IGI/fasting insulin: r = 0.21, P = 0.0022). Standardized linear regression analyses confirmed that the relationship between log ISSI-2 and the disposition index (standardized regression coefficient = 0.224, P = 0.001) was stronger than that between log IGI/fasting insulin and the disposition index (standardized regression coefficient = 0.166, P = 0.015). Conclusions The OGTT-derived measures ISSI-2 and IGI/fasting insulin exhibit modest correlations with the disposition index. These relationships require further assessment in other patient populations.
8th International Conference on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials - EPM2015 (2015)

International audience
Regulation of Bcl‐2 family proteins, neurotrophic factors, and APP processing in the neurorescue activity of propargylamine (2005)

The anti-Parkinson drug, rasagiline (N-propargyl-(1R)-aminoindan) promotes neuronal survival, via neuroprotective activity related to its propargyl moiety (propargylamine). We have investigated the neurorescue effects of propargylamine, in a progressive neuronal death model, induced by long-term serum deprivation in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Propargylamine (0.1-10 microM) dose-dependently reduced the levels of the early apoptosis-associated phosphorylated protein, H2A-X (ser 139), as well as decreased the cleavage of caspase-3 and its substrate poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP). In addition, the compound markedly reversed the apoptotic effects induced by long-term serum withdrawal, including down-regulation of the antiapoptotic protein, Bcl-2, as well as up-regulation of the proapoptotic proteins, Bax, Bad, and Bim. Real-time RT-PCR demonstrated that propargylamine elevated gene expression levels of Bcl-2, and the neurotrophic factors glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and reduced Bax gene expression. Serum deprivation increased mRNA and protein levels of holo-amyloid precursor protein (APP), which was markedly decreased by propargylamine. This was accompanied by inducing the release of the nonamyloidogenic alpha-secretase form of soluble APP (sAPPalpha) into the medium. Similar effects on cell survival and APP regulation/processing were demonstrated for rasagiline. These results indicate that both rasagiline and propargylamine possess neurorescue activity, associated with regulation of Bcl-2 family proteins, neurotrophic factors, and APP metabolism.
Al atomistic surface modulation on colloidal gradient quantum dots for high-brightness and stable light-emitting devices (2019)

Quantum-dot (QD) light-emitting devices (QLEDs) have been attracting considerable attention owing to the unique properties of process, which can control the emission wavelength by controlling the particle size, narrow emission bandwidth, and high brightness. Although there have been rapid advances in terms of luminance and efficiency improvements, the long-term device stability is limited by the low chemical stability and photostability of the QDs against moisture and air. In this study, we report a simple method, which can for enhance the long-term stability of QLEDs against oxidation by inserting Al into the shells of CdSe/ZnS QDs. The Al coated on the ZnS shell of QDs act as a protective layer with Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> owing to photo-oxidation, which can prevents the photodegradation of QD with prolonged irradiation and stabilize the device during a long-term operation. The QLEDs fabricated using CdSe/ZnS/Al QDs exhibited a maximum luminance of 57,580 cd/m<sup>2</sup> and current efficiency of 5.8 cd/A, which are significantly more than 1.6 times greater than that of CdSe/ZnS QDs. Moreover, the lifetimes of the CdSe/ZnS/Al-QD-based QLEDs were significantly improved owing to the self-passivation at the QD surfaces.
The Relationship Between Machinery Traffic and Corn Yield Reductions in Successive Years (1979)

ABSTRACT TO understand and assess damage to corn production by soil compaction generated by vehicular traffic, a randomized complete-block design was selected to lay out plots to comprise treatments of 1, 5, 10 and 15 passes with contact pressures of 62, 41 and 31 kPa and a control of zero traffic. These experiments were performed in two successive years in a Ste. Rosalie clay soil to incorporate the effect of weather conditions. Agronomical treatments were kept the same for all the plots. During the 1976 growing season, a yield loss of 40 to 50 percent was obtained in plots with higher contact pressures and multiple passes. The experiment in 1977 showed losses up to 30 percent, the highest yields occurring in the moderately compacted plots. Models of plant output parameters in terms of vehicular traffic were com-pared.
Correction of Familial LCAT Deficiency by AAV-hLCAT Prevents Renal Injury and Atherosclerosis in Hamsters—Brief Report (2021)

[Figure: see text].
ENERGY RELEASE RATE OF STEEL PLATES BONDED BY CFRP WITH JOINT AND STEP (2020)

損傷した鋼部材に軽量かつ強度の高い炭素繊維強化樹脂(CFRP)を接着して補修・補強する工法が適用され始めている．定着長が確保された接着接合部の耐力・強度は，エネルギー解放率を用いて算定することが「FRP接着による構造物の補修・補強指針(案)」で示されている．高弾性型のCFRP板やCFRPストランドシートは，輸送や施工の面から長さが制約されることがあり，CFRPに継目を設けて施工する場合がある．本研究では，軸力および等曲げモーメントが作用する条件において，継目および段差を有するCFRP接着鋼板のCFRPの継目位置およびCFRP端部のエネルギー解放率の式を導出した．また，理論解析およびFEM解析の結果より，本研究の対象モデルでは，CFRPの継目位置よりもCFRP端部のエネルギー解放率が大きくなることがわかった．
Design and implementation of a system with a multielement thermopile for monitoring temperature of a plane (2009)

In this paper, we report the design of a system equipped with a multielement thermopile for measuring the temperature of a given plane. We evaluate the performance of our measurement system, which comprises a microcontroller, an analog-to-digital converter, a liquid crystal display (LCD), light-emitting diodes (LEDs), a buzzer, laser pointers, and a rotary encoder. We use different types of display modes such as an LCD for displaying the measured temperature, LEDs which colors indicate the temperature range, and an RS-232 or a wireless interface that transmits the temperature values to be displayed as different colors on a PC screen. The buzzer/alarm in the system is activated when the threshold temperature is reached. The system is inexpensive, portable, and can be used for two-dimensional temperature measurements; further, its emissivity can be easily adjusted. The effective detection range of this system is from -20 to 115 degrees C, and the field of view is 41 degrees x32 degrees ; the measurement error is confined to +/-1 degrees C. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the system in monitoring the temperature of a remote plane. Hence, it is possible to identify a hot spot that occurred in the electrical heating equipment or a smoldering source hidden in upholstery.
Understanding the Impact of Wide Bandgap Inverter Topology on Medium-voltage Insulation Reflected-wave Stress Using Impedance Characterization (2021)

Health of insulation systems has been a critical concern for the electric power industry for line-frequency applications. The use of wide bandgap (WBG) semiconductors in power converters has led to more interest in studying high switching frequency effects on insulation material, especially in medium-voltage (MV) applications. Higher voltages and switching frequencies used in inverters subject insulation material in a motor drive to higher dielectric stress and cause premature failure. There have been many studies which address this aspect of insulation health and breakdown in inverter-fed machines. However, no literature investigates the impact of inverter topology on insulation. This paper aims at investigating the effect of inverter topology on motor stator ground-wall insulation. In addition to the output voltage waveform of different topologies, impedance of each topology is characterized over frequency to evaluate the system’s performance. Additionally, multi-physics simulations of an MV induction machine fed by two different inverter topologies are simulated in ANSYS to illustrate the impact of each topology on the electric field across the insulation material.
Effect of Microstructure on Crack Propagation of AISI304L Stainless Steel Pre-charged in Hydrogen (2015)

In the present work the effect of microstructure on Fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior of AISI304L with different hydrogen content was investigated.  The FCG tests were carried out at 10Hz, in air at room temperature, according to ASTM Standard. C (T) specimens with 2.5 mm thickness and 30 mm width were used for the tests. Specimens, with ASTM grain sizes of about 8, were charged with hydrogen by the electrolytic method at 50oC before testing. The electrolytic solution used was 1N H2SO4 an acid solution with 0.25g/l of As2O3  oxide. Different current densities, varying between 50 and 300 mA/cm2 were used. During the  fatigue test, the length of the crack was measured with an extensometer and also optically, with  a telescope and a video camera connected to a screen. The crack growth behavior as a function of the pre-charge parameters has been analyzed and various techniques (OM, DRX, SEM) have been applied in order to analyze the micro structural transformations produced and to relate them with the crack growth behavior.
Optimizing Unix database file operations (1994)

Ratfiles (RATional FILE System) by-passes the Unix kernel to perform database-file operations at nearly twice the speed of conventional file systems and offers several techniques, including atomic write and write-order discipline, to improve data integrity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Photocleavable Polyethylene Glycol for the Light-Regulation of Protein Function (2010)

PEGylation is commonly employed to enhance the pharmacokinetic properties of proteins, but it can interfere with natural protein function. Protein activity can thus be abrogated through PEGylation, and a controllable means to remove the polyethylene glycol (PEG) group from the protein is desirable. As such, light affords a unique control over biomolecules through the application of photosensitive groups. Herein, we report the synthesis of a photocleavable PEG reagent (PhotoPEG) and its application to the light-regulation of enzyme activity.