gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AnalyzingAmyloid Beta Aggregates with a CombinatorialFluorescent Molecular Sensor (2017)

Different amyloid\nbeta (Aβ) aggregates can be discriminated\nby a combinatorial fluorescent molecular sensor. The unique optical\nfingerprints generated by the unimolecular analytical device provide\na simple means to differentiate among aggregates generated from different\nalloforms or through distinct pathways. The sensor has also been used\nto track dynamic changes that occur in Aβ aggregation states,\nwhich result from the formation of low molecular weight oligomers,\nhigh molecular weight oligomers, protofibrils, and fibrils.
Myelin-associated glycoprotein mediates membrane fusion and entry of neurotropic herpesviruses (2009)

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) are prevalent neurotropic herpesviruses that cause various nervous system diseases. Similar to other enveloped viruses, membrane fusion is an essential process for viral entry. Therefore, identification of host molecules that mediate membrane fusion is important to understand the mechanism of viral infection. Here, we demonstrate that myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), mainly distributed in neural tissues, associates with VZV glycoprotein B (gB) and promotes cell-cell fusion when coexpressed with VZV gB and gH/gL. VZV preferentially infected MAG-transfected oligodendroglial cells. MAG also associated with HSV-1 gB and enhanced HSV-1 infection of promyelocytes. These findings suggested that MAG is involved in VZV and HSV infection of neural tissues.
Applying Laser Cutting Techniques Through Horology for Teaching Effective STEM in Design and Technology (2023)

This paper explores the pedagogy underpinning the use of laser manufacturing methods for the teaching of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) at key stage 3 design and technology. Clock making (horology) has been a popular project in design and technology (D&amp;T) found in many schools, typically it focuses on aesthetical design elements. This paper describes a new project, which has been developed to enhance the STEM content of a horology project through advanced utilisation of laser cutting machinery. It allows pupils to produce their own products from self-made mechanical timing mechanisms. The central aim is to strengthen the application of the underlying technology of mechanisms and the manufacturing capability of laser cutting technology in D&amp;T. Trials with schools have shown success in gaining pupils’ interest in STEM and provided feedback to improve the project. It has highlighted limits when delivering the engineering and maths content with teachers from nontechnology backgrounds. The paper discusses this limitation through subject pedagogy, categorisation of teacher knowledge, and teaching effectiveness through experiential and problem-based learning approaches.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Injections for the Treatment of Perianal Crohn’s Disease: What We Have Accomplished and What We Still Need to Do (2017)

Perianal Crohn's disease [CD] is found in a quarter of patients with CD and remains notoriously difficult to treat. Several medical and surgical therapies are available. However, none is particularly effective nor reliably provides sustained remission. In addition, surgical intervention is complicated by poor healing and the potential for incontinence. Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies provide a promising treatment alternative for perianal CD, with demonstrated safety, improved efficacy, and a decreased side effect profile. Several phase I, II, and now III randomised controlled trials have now reported safety and efficacy in treating perianal CD. The aim of this review is to discusses the outcomes of conventional treatment approaches, outcomes of mesenchymal stem cell therapies, considerations specific to stem cell-based therapies, and future directions for research.
157 Supramarginal Resection Impact on Overall Survival for IDH-Wildtype Glioblastoma According to Their Cell Density Distribution and Infiltration Profile: A Mathematical Model (2022)

INTRODUCTION: Supramarginal resection of the T2-FLAIR beyond the T1 contrast enhancement has been suggested to further improve overall survival in glioblastoma (GBM) patients, with a potentially enhanced role in IDH-wildtype. GBMs present with high variability in tumor cell density, distribution, and infiltration patterns evidenced in imaging and histological analysis. Preoperative estimation of GBM grow kinetics with advanced mathematical models can provide further insight for surgical planning. METHODS: Volumetric measurements from T1 contrast-enhancing (CE) and T2-FLAIR regions of interest from retrospective pre and postoperative MRIs of patients that underwent a gross total resection of the CE were obtained. Tumor invasiveness profile (proliferation/diffusion (ρ/D) ratio) was calculated using the following formula: where VFL and VT1 are the preoperative FLAIR and contrast-enhancing volumes, respectively. Patients were then split into nodular (ND), moderately diffuse (MD), and highly diffuse (HD) subgroups based on their tumor invasiveness profile. SMR extension and survival analyses were performed among groups. RESULTS: 101 patients met the criteria for this study. Tumors were classified as ND (n = 34), MD (n = 34), and HD (n = 33) tumors. On multivariate analysis, increasing SMR had a significant positive correlation with OS only in MD and HD tumors (HR 0.98; 95% CI, 0.98–0.99; p = 0.05, and HR 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97–0.99; p = 0.02), respectively. On threshold analysis, OS benefit was seen with SMR from 10% to 29%, 10%-59%, and 30%-90%, for ND, MD, and HD, respectively. CONCLUSION: SMR impact on overall survival in this cohort of IDH-wildtype is significantly influenced by the degree of tumor invasiveness. The results of this study showed increased overall survival with increasing SMR for moderate and highly invasive tumors. Further analysis with SMR grouped in 10% intervals demonstrated an increase in overall survival for all groups, with a lower SMR extension to benefit nodular tumors.
Evolution of Dimethylselenide from Soils (1974)

Alcohols, carbonyl compounds, and fatty acids were formed in two glucose-amended soils incubated under argon, but dimethylselenide was evolved under argon only from one, a selenium-rich clay, after the addition of selenite and glucose. Substantial quantities of dimethylselenide were released from the four soils tested when they were incubated with glucose and selenite in air. No dimethylselenide was produced in the selenium-rich clay soil in air if it received glucose but no selenite.
Pressure‐Assisted Hetero‐ and Homodialkylation of Sulfide in [Pt2(μ‐S)2(dppp)2]: One‐Pot Conversion of {Pt2(μ‐S)2} into {Pt2(SR)2} and {Pt2(SR)(SR′)} (2007)

Heterodialkylation of [Pt2(mu-S)2(dppp)2] (dppp = Ph2P(CH2)3PPh2) was achieved under high pressure (10 kbar). This enabled the synthesis of rare diplatinum complexes with structurally diverse thiolate bridges, such as [Pt2(mu-SC5H10CO2CH2CH3)(mu-SC3H7)-(dppp)2](PF6)2, which was crystallographically identified. Complete homodialkylation was also achieved under similar conditions (6 kbar at room temperature), thus permitting the isolation of [Pt2(mu-SC2H4CO2CH2CH3)2(dppp)2]-(PF6)2. The isolation of these complexes extends the applications of high-pressure chemistry to thiolato homo- and heterobridged complexes that are otherwise not accessible.
Undergraduate Research Secrets Rediscovered (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTUndergraduate Research Secrets RediscoveredRoyce W. MurrayCite this: Anal. Chem. 2001, 73, 9, 237 APublication Date (Web):May 1, 2001Publication History Published online1 May 2001Published inissue 1 May 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac012439vhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ac012439vnewsACS Publications. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views218Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (15 MB) Get e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Undergraduate education Get e-Alerts
Spotting the enemy within: Targeted silencing of foreign DNA in mammalian genomes by the Krüppel-associated box zinc finger protein family (2015)

Tandem C2H2-type zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) constitute the largest transcription factor family in animals. Tandem-ZFPs bind DNA in a sequence-specific manner through arrays of multiple zinc finger domains that allow high flexibility and specificity in target recognition. In tetrapods, a large proportion of tandem-ZFPs contain Krüppel-associated-box (KRAB) repression domains, which are able to induce epigenetic silencing through the KAP1 corepressor. The KRAB-ZFP family continuously amplified in tetrapods through segmental gene duplications, often accompanied by deletions, duplications, and mutations of the zinc finger domains. As a result, tetrapod genomes contain unique sets of KRAB-ZFP genes, consisting of ancient and recently evolved family members. Although several hundred human and mouse KRAB-ZFPs have been identified or predicted, the biological functions of most KRAB-ZFP family members have gone unexplored. Furthermore, the evolutionary forces driving the extraordinary KRAB-ZFP expansion and diversification have remained mysterious for decades. In this review, we highlight recent studies that associate KRAB-ZFPs with the repression of parasitic DNA elements in the mammalian germ line and discuss the hypothesis that the KRAB-ZFP family primarily evolved as an adaptive genomic surveillance system against foreign DNA. Finally, we comment on the computational, genetic, and biochemical challenges of studying KRAB-ZFPs and attempt to predict how these challenges may be soon overcome.
Odisea a la perfección (2011)

La obsesion de Kubrick por el control absoluto sobre sus peliculas atormento a actores y productores. Sin embargo, el resultado causo furor entre el publico.
Clustering of hypermethylated genes in neuroblastoma (2003)

CpG-island hypermethylation of gene promoters is a frequent mechanism for gene inactivation in tumors. Many neuroblastomas have hypermethylation and down-regulation of CASP8, leading to resistance to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). We recently found hypermethylation of the four TRAIL receptors in 9 neuroblastoma cell lines. Here, we analyzed methylation of 34 genes in 22 neuroblastoma cell lines. Of the 29 newly analyzed genes, only FLIP at chromosome band 2q33 was methylated in 8/22 cell lines. The FLIP protein is a negative regulator of Caspase 8. FLIP maps adjacent to CASP8, and their methylation patterns showed a moderate correlation. Furthermore, co-methylation patterns were observed for the TRAIL receptor pairs DCR1 and DCR2 and between DR4 and DR5. All four receptors co-localize in chromosome band 8p21. The 6 genes methylated in neuroblastomas appeared to occur in pairs. The genes within each pair have a strong sequence homology and originated from gene duplication. We found no evidence for regional spreading of methylation, given that we did not observe de novo methylation in additional local CpG islands. However, the gene pairs showed a striking co-regulation at the mRNA expression level. Down-regulation of FLIP strongly corresponds with down-regulation of CASP8, and this was also found for DCR1 and DCR2. Only a subset of the down-regulated genes was methylated. This suggests a mechanism of co-regulated transcriptional silencing of the gene pairs, followed by a methylation event that is less penetrating. The methylation pattern therefore supports a model in which CpG islands are not randomly targeted by methylation in cancer. Specific transcriptional silencing probably marks genes that can become methylated.
Voltage-Controlled Anisotropy and Current-Induced Magnetization Dynamics in Antiferromagnetic-Piezoelectric Layered Heterostructures (2020)

It is shown theoretically that in a layered heterostructure comprising piezoelectric, dielectric antiferromagnetic crystal, and heavy metal (PZ/AFM/HM), it is possible to control the anisotropy of the AFM layer by applying a dc voltage across the PZ layer. In particular, we show that by varying the dc voltage across the heterostructure and/or the dc current in the HM, it is possible to vary the frequency of the antiferromagnetic resonance of the AFM in a passive (subcritical) regime and, also, to reduce the threshold of the current-induced terahertz-frequency generation. Our analysis also shows that, unfortunately, the voltage-induced reduction of the generation threshold leads to the proportional reduction of the amplitude of the terahertz-frequency signal generated in the active (supercritical) regime. The general results are illustrated by a calculation of the characteristics of experimentally realizable PZT-5H/$\mathrm{Ni}\mathrm{O}$/$\mathrm{Pt}$.
Development of Medical Protein Screening System using High Gradient Magnetic Separation by Cryocooler-cooled LTS Magnet (2014)

Medical protein such as monoclonal antibody or immunoglobulin is an important substance as a medicine for cancer. However, the separation system of this medical protein has a very low separation rate and the cost of the product is extremely high. We have successfully developed a high gradient magnetic separation system for medical protein using affinity magnetic nanobeads. The system shows very high separation efficiency and can save costs based on a large production rate compared to the current system. The system consists of a 3 T superconducting magnet cooled by a cryocooler, a magnetic filter made of magnetic metal fibers of approximately 30 μm diameter, a demagnetization circuit for the filter, and a circulation pump for the medical protein solution. The medical protein is immobilized to affinity magnetic nanobeads after agitation of the protein and nanobeads mixture, then the mixture flows through the system and the beads are trapped in the filters by a high gradient magnetic field. The trapped beads flow out of the system by the AC demagnetization of the filters using LC resonance circuits after magnet discharge. The test results show 98% of the magnetic nanobeads in pure water were captured and 94% of total beads were collected.
Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Solid Waste for Fuel Gas Production (1975)

Anaerobic digestion offers a potential means of converting organic solid waste into fuel gas and thereby provide a supplemental and readily utilizable source of energy. We are particularly interested in the use of thermophilic digestion over a mesophilic operation for it can achieve higher rates of digestion, greater conversion of waste organics to gas, faster solid-liquid separation, and minimization of bacterial and viral pathogen accumulation. Our results comparing mesophilic (37 degree C) and thermophilic (65 degree C) anaerobic digestion of domestic solid waste confirm the increased rate and conversion of waste to methane. In addition, utilizing radioactive labeling of glucose and acetic acid, we have measured the volumetric rates of volatile acid production and disappearance under both mesophilic and thermophilic conditions.
Determination of Zinc, Cadmium, and Mercury by Atomic Fluorescence Flame Spectormetry. (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of Zinc, Cadmium, and Mercury by Atomic Fluorescence Flame Spectormetry.J. D. Winefordner and R. A. StaabCite this: Anal. Chem. 1964, 36, 1, 165–168Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60207a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60207a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views287Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Detection of autoantibodies against M2, LKM‐1, and SLA in liver diseases by standardized uniform ELISA‐techniques (1994)

Antibodies directed against soluble liver antigen (SLA), liver kidney microsomal antigen (LKM-1-AG), and antimitochondrial antigen M2 (M2-AMA) are critical serological markers for the differential diagnosis of autoimmune chronic active hepatitis (AI-CAH) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). The exact diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis and PBC is of great clinical relevance, as it leads to different therapeutic strategies. In the present work, a simple and reliable ELISA test system is described, which applies the same test principle for the detection of three different species of autoantibodies important for the diagnosis of chronic liver disease. The ELISA assays are based on a competitive inhibition of binding of positive standard antibodies by patients sera containing antibodies of unknown specificity. The purified immunoglobulins of clinically and serologically clearly defined patients with SLA or LKM-1 positive AI-CAH and with M2 positive PBC were used as coating- and detection antibodies in the ELISAs. From homogenized rat liver the fractionated 100,000g supernatant was employed for the SLA ELISA, the microsomal preparation served as antigen for the LKM-1 ELISA and the mitochondrial preparation was used for the M2 ELISA. In 1,500 sera of patients with the differential diagnosis of a hepatobiliary disease, 17 gave a positive signal in the SLA-ELISA, 12 in the LKM-1-ELISA, and 72 in the M2-ELISA. The results of the ELISAs were compared with Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining pattern on cryostat sections and Hep2 cells. The antibody profiles of several patients are described in detail.
PERFLUOROTHIOCARBONYL COMPOUNDS (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPERFLUOROTHIOCARBONYL COMPOUNDSW. J. Middleton, E. G. Howard, and W. H. SharkeyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 11, 2589–2590Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1961https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01472a045Request reuse permissionsArticle Views194Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (245 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The use of NN-dimethylcasein in the determination of proteolytic enzymes in washing products and airborne dust samples (1971)

NN-Dimethylcasein is used as substrate in an automatic method for the determination of proteolytic enzymes in washing products and airborne dust samples. Amino-acids formed by reaction with the enzyme are caused to react with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid to form stable, coloured Meisenheimer complexes. As NN-dimethylcasein does not react with trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid there is not need to remove excess of substrate before colour development, and the enzyme digestion and colour reactions can be conducted simultaneously. This leads to high sensitivity, which is of particular value in dust analysis and allows the use of a simple trouble-free manifold.
Platelet resistance to prostaglandin D2 in patients with myeloproliferative disorders (1978)

We investigated the effect of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) on platelet adenylate cyclase activity in 23 patients with myeloproliferative disorders, including eight patients with polycythemia vera, seven with myeloid metaplasia, four with chronic myelogenous leukemia, and four with essential thrombocythemia. In 20 of these patients there was less activation of platelet adenylate cyclase at all concentrations of PGD2 studied when compared to normal controls. In 5 of these patients we also studied the effect of PGD, on platelet aggregation and the release of 14C-serotonin. Each of these patients required ten fold higher than normal concentrations of PGD2 to inhibit collagen-induced 14C-serotonin release. This diminished response was specific for PGD2; the stimulation of adenylate cyclase by PGE1 and PGI2 was normal in these patients’ platelets, as was the inhibition of 14C-serotonin release by PGE1. Aspirin therapy in 5 patients and anticoagulation with sodium warfarin in 1 patient did not correct this platelet abnormality. Five subjects with reactive thrombocytosis who were studied had a normal platelet adenylate cyclase response to PGD2. Since sufficient PGD2 is synthesized by platelets to inhibit aggregation, the resistance of these platelets to physiologic concentrations of PGD2 could contribute to the high incidence of thrombosis in patients with myeloproliferative disorders.
Cost and reliability study for a large array of small reflector antennas for JPL/NASA Deep Space Network (DSN) (2002)

A study performed to estimate the cost of an array of small aperture reflector antennas to be used instead of or in conjunction with the current large reflector antennas of the JPL/NASA Deep Space Network (DSN) is described. The arrays are used for servicing present and future NASA missions that involve smaller spacecraft with limited power and smaller, lower-gain antennas. The advantages of the array configuration in terms of cost and reliability are discussed. A probabilistic determination of the reliability and availability of the array as a function of the number of array elements and the availability of individual array elements is made. The impact of additional marginal elements on the operational availability of the array is studied. Parametric cost and reliability plots are presented and directions for further investigation are outlined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>