gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Market-Inspired Approach for Intersection Management in Urban Road Traffic Networks (2012)

Traffic congestion in urban road networks is a costly problem that affects all major cities in developed countries. To tackle this problem, it is possible (i) to act on the supply side, increasing the number of roads or lanes in a network, (ii) to reduce the demand, restricting the access to urban areas at specific hours or to specific vehicles, or (iii) to improve the efficiency of the existing network, by means of a widespread use of so-called Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). In line with the recent advances in smart transportation management infrastructures, ITS has turned out to be a promising field of application for artificial intelligence techniques. In particular, multiagent systems seem to be the ideal candidates for the design and implementation of ITS. In fact, drivers can be naturally modelled as autonomous agents that interact with the transportation management infrastructure, thereby generating a large-scale, open, agent-based system. To regulate such a system and maintain a smooth and efficient flow of traffic, decentralised mechanisms for the management of the transportation infrastructure are needed. In this article we propose a distributed, market-inspired, mechanism for the management of a future urban road network, where intelligent autonomous vehicles, operated by software agents on behalf of their human owners, interact with the infrastructure in order to travel safely and efficiently through the road network. Building on the reservation-based intersection control model proposed by Dresner and Stone, we consider two different scenarios: one with a single intersection and one with a network of intersections. In the former, we analyse the performance of a novel policy based on combinatorial auctions for the allocation of reservations. In the latter, we analyse the impact that a traffic assignment strategy inspired by competitive markets has on the drivers' route choices. Finally we propose an adaptive management mechanism that integrates the auction-based traffic control policy with the competitive traffic assignment strategy.
Dissoziationsgleichgewichte von Glutathion (1972)

The dependence of the 13 C‐NMR resonances on the pH of solutions is determined for reduced and oxidized glutathione and for the model substances glutamine, cysteine and acetylglycine by pulse Fourier transform (PFT) 13 C‐NMR spectroscopy. The 1 H‐noise decoupled 22.63 MHz PFT 13 C‐NMR spectra of 0.1–0.3 M aqueous solutions were measured on a Bruker HFX‐90 multinuclear spectrometer with an 18” magnet and equipped with a Fabritek 1074 and a PDP‐8‐I computer for accumulating the pulse interferograms and for performing their Fourier transformations. The pH induced variations of charge densities on the various carbon atoms of these molecules can be selectively observed. The pK and pI values obtained by these 13 C‐NMR investigations often agree very well with the electrometric and photometric determinations. However, large deviations from classical values are found for other dissociation equilibria. For glutamine we obtained the pK values 2.1 (COOH) and 9.1 (NH 3 + ) and an isoelectric point at 5.65. The pH induced shifts are particularly large for the ammonium dissociations. The titration of cysteine from pH 7 to pH 11 gives total shifts on the C α of 4.1 ppm, on the β of 6.10 ppm and on the carboxylic carbon of 10 ppm with two macroscopic pK ‐values at pH 8.25 and 10.25 corresponding to the ammonium and thiol dissociations. The curves show that cysteine exhibits mixed dissociation equilibria as reported previously. However a comparison of the results of the 13 C‐NMR measurements on reduced and oxidized glutathione indicates the thiol dissociation in oxidized glutathione to be largely independent of the ammonium dissociation at the glutamic acid residue and a pK ‐value of 9.2 for the thiol dissociation is found. Whereas the usual titrimetric methods register the macroscopic behaviour, e.g. an increase of the proton concentration. 13 C‐NMR spectroscopy allows investigations at each carbon atom concerning microscopic events resulting from — NH 3 + , — SH and — COOH dissociations.
Automated border control e-gates and facial recognition systems (2016)

A fast automated biometric solution has been proposed to satisfy the future border control needs of airports resulting from the rapid growth in the number of passengers worldwide. Automated border control (ABC) systems handle the problems caused by this growth, such as congestion at electronic gates (e-gates) or delays in the planned arrival schedules. Different modalities, such as face, fingerprint, or iris recognition, will be used in most of the ABC systems located at airports in the European/Schengen areas. Because facial recognition is the modality that travelers consider most acceptable, it was decided to include this modality in all second generation passports. Face recognition systems, installed in small kiosks inside the e-gates, require high quality facial images to allow high performance and efficiency. Accurate face recognition algorithms, which should be invariant to non-idealities, such as changes in pose and expression, occlusions, and changes in lighting, are also required for these systems. In this paper, a review of the most important face recognition algorithms described in the literature that are invariant to these non-idealities and that can be used in ABC e-gates is presented. A comparative analysis of the most common ABC e-gates located at the different airports is provided. In addition, the results of an experimental evaluation of a face recognition system when halogen, white LEDs, near infra-red, or fluorescence illumination was used, which was conducted in order to determine which type of illumination is optimal for use in ABC e-gates, are presented. To conclude, improvements that could be implemented in the near future in ABC face recognition systems are described.
A software defined radio transformation (2009)

A handheld software defined tactical VHF/UHF radio used for AM/FM/PM line of sight communications is transformed into a single sideband HF band radio for HF 2G and 3G ALE networking. Military radio convergence presents real challenges to aggregation of widely variant narrowband waveforms. This paper discusses the hardware adaptations that allow a handheld VHF/UHF radio to act as the core radio of an HF band Manpack by simple software upgrade. This is an architectural discussion of how first generation software defined radios (SDR) are showing the promise that the SDR community has been promoting. Discussion covers baseband hardware architectures and the advantages and limitations of the current best practice software definable modem design. The addition of external frequency translation and power amplifier (PA) design are used to transform the base radio. This paper discusses the mix of signal processing software and hardware filtering used to complete the radio transformation.
QUBIC - The Q&U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology - A novel way to look at the polarized Cosmic Microwave Background (2018)

In this paper we describe QUBIC, an experiment that takes up the challenge posed by the detection of primordial gravitational waves with a novel approach, that combines the sensitivity of state-of-the art bolometric detectors with the systematic effects control typical of interferometers. The so-called "self-calibration" is a technique deeply rooted in the interferometric nature of the instrument and allows us to clean the measured data from instrumental effects. The first module of QUBIC is a dual band instrument (150 GHz and 220 GHz) that will be deployed in Argentina during the Fall 2018.
LCST‐Type Phase Behavior Induced by Pillar[5]arene/Ionic Liquid Host–Guest Complexation (2013)

The host-guest complex of dipropoxypillar[5]arene and an ionic liquid 1,3-dimethylimidazolium iodide is found to exhibit a lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-type phase transition in chloroform. This LCST-type phase behavior can be conveniently modulated by experimental parameters and can be easily combined with the ionic liquid for potential application in product and educt separation.
Three Dimensional Modeling of Circulation and Salinity in Mt. Hope Bay and the Lower Taunton River (1994)

A three dimensional, vertical sigma coordinate hydrodynamic model was developed and applied to Mt. Hope Bay and the lower Taunton River. The model solves the conservation of water mass, momentum, and salt equations using a semi-implicit finite difference algorithm for the exterior vertically averaged flow, and a vertically implicit procedure for the interior flow and salinity on a space staggered grid system. The model was used to simulate the three dimensional tidal currents and salinity in the area in response to the dominant lunar semi-diurnal (M2) tide and annual averaged river flow. Model predictions show that the sea surface elevation is approximately 3 hours out of phase with the currents in agreement with standing wave theory. Currents are dependent on the geometry and bathymetry of the region, with stronger currents along the deep central axis of the bay. The water column varies from stratified in the Taunton River to well mixed in Mt. Hope Bay. Comparison of model predicted sea surface elevation, currents, and salinity are generally in reasonable agreement with available observations.
Relief of Uremic Pruritus with Ultraviolet Phototherapy (1977)

We studied the effect of ultraviolet-light phototherapy on severe persistent pruritus in 18 adult patients on hemodialysis. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two light sources. The experimental group received conventional sunburn-spectrum light in gradually increasing doses. The control group received time-matched exposures to longwave ultraviolet light. All patients received eight exposures to the entire skin surface over a four-week treatment period. Nine of 10 patients in the sunburn-spectrum group reported marked decrease in pruritus as opposed to two of eight in the placebo group (P<0.01). Of those responding to sunburn-spectrum light, improvement usually occurred two to three weeks into treatment. Mild sunburn, noted by some patients in this group, was the only side effect. The response to phototherapy was unaffected by the presence of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Ultraviolet phototherapy is a safe, convenient, inexpensive and effective treatment for uremic pruritus. (N Engl J Med 297:136–138, 1977)
Human papillomavirus type 52 polymorphism and high‐grade lesions of the uterine cervix (2012)

The association between polymorphism of human papillomavirus type 52 (HPV52) and high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2,3) was investigated in Canadian women. HPV-52-positive endocervical specimens collected from 216 women selected from a total of 3,614 participants recruited in two case-control and two cohort studies conducted in Canada, were further analyzed by PCR-sequencing of the LCR and E6 gene. Overall, the HPV52 LCR prototype was detected more frequently in Caucasian women (69 of 132, 52.3%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 43.8%-60.6%) than in non-Caucasian women (15 of 48, 31.3%, 95% CI 19.9%-45.4%). In two cohort studies, HPV52 prototype was detected in seven of 15 (46.7%, 95% CI 24.8-69.9) HPV52 persistent infections and 14 of 35 (40.0%, 95% CI 25.5-56.5) transient infections (p = 0.76). In two case-control studies, 30 participants did not have CIN, 18 had low-grade CIN (CIN1), 64 had CIN2,3, seven had cervical cancer and the diagnosis was undefined for 27 women. Variant MTL-52-LCR-02 was detected more frequently in women with cancer (28.6%, 95% CI 7.6%-64.8%) than in women without cancer or CIN2,3 (0%, 95% CI 0.0%-9.2%; p = 0.015). CIN2,3 risk was significantly associated with a deletion at nucleotide position 7695 in the LCR (OR 4.9, 95% CI 1.2-20.8), the T7744C variation in the LCR (OR 5.7, 95% CI 1.1-32.0), and the K93R variation in E6 (OR 6.9, 95% CI 1.3-36.8), after adjusting for age, detection of HPV16 or 18 and study site. These findings indicate that HPV52 polymorphism influences risk of CIN-2,3 and possibly invasive cancer.
Correction to: Survivorship and prognostic factors for pleomorphic liposarcoma: a population-based study (2021)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Can we identify patients with invasive breast cancer adequately treated with breast-conserving surgery alone? (1998)

The results of prospective randomized clinical trials demonstrated that the combination of conservative surgery and radiation therapy produced survival rates equivalent to those obtained with mastectomy for patients with Stage I and II invasive breast cancer. The identification, however, of a subset of patients who can be safely spared radiation therapy after breast-conserving surgery is an important goal. Randomized trials comparing conservative surgery alone with conservative surgery and radiation therapy consistently demonstrated a large reduction in the risk of local recurrence with the addition of radiation. Although no significant differences in survival were observed between these two groups, the available studies cannot exclude the possibility of a small survival advantage for patients treated with radiation therapy. Analyses of patient subsets within the randomized trials and within other prospective and retrospective studies failed to identify with consistence a subgroup of patients who did not benefit from radiation therapy. At present, radiation therapy should remain a part of breast-conserving treatment for patients with invasive breast cancer.
Insights into the Complex Prebreakdown Actuation of Silicone Elastomers and its Influence on Breakdown Behavior (2020)

Dielectric elastomer transducers can be applied in many different applications, but their current use is limited by either their electrical breakdown strength or by electromechanical instabilities in the case of soft elastomers. The breakdown process is never a single, simple process but rather-most likely-an ensemble of thermoelectric processes taking place in both elastomer and electrode materials, coupled with mechanical and potentially also chemical degradation. In this work, by using a high-speed camera, we follow silicone-based dielectric elastomers undergoing a ramp-up in voltage close to electrical breakdown strength, with differently constructed elastomers and electrodes. As such, we present experimental insights into the electromechanical processes immediately before the dielectric breakdown of elastomers and identify three different actuation mechanisms taking place prior to electrical breakdown, denoted prebreakdown actuation in the following. The prebreakdown actuation mechanisms observed herein include film thinning and stretching, as well as the formation of bubble- and ring-shaped structures from the elastomer surface, respectively. We furthermore present a theoretical explanation for the observed actuation mechanisms.
Development of a Gesture-Based Molecular Visualization Tool Based on Virtual Reality for Molecular Docking (2004)

Department of Microbial Engineering & Department of Advanced Technology Fusion, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, KoreaReceived July 21, 2004Key Words : Gesture-based interaction, Interaction techniques, Molecular modeling, Three-dimensional userinterface, VisualizationMolecular modeling for drug discovery includes analysesof three-dimensional structures of molecules. One-dimen-sional character strings of molecular structures are translatedinto three-dimensional structures of molecules. This three-dimensional molecular structure is the principal basis ofdocking simulations for the structure-based drug design.
Cytokinin signaling: from the ER or from the PM? That is the question! (2018)

Content Summary 47 I. Introduction 47 II. Historical outline 48 III. Recent developments 49 IV. Towards an integrative concept for cytokinin receptor signaling 54 Acknowledgements 57 References 57 SUMMARY: Cytokinin signaling plays an important role in plant growth and development, and therefore its molecular characteristics are under extensive study. One characteristic is the subcellular localization of cytokinin signal initiation. This localization determines both the pathway for hormone delivery to the receptor, as well as molecular aspects of signal transfer to the primary cellular targets. Subcellular sites for the onset of cytokinin signaling are still uncertain and experimental data are in part controversial. A few years ago, cytokinin receptors were shown to be localized predominantly in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and to possess some features, such as their pH activity profile, typical for intracellular proteins. Very recently, new data corroborating the functionality of ER-located cytokinin receptors were reported. However, other work argued for cytokinin perception to occur at the plasma membrane (PM). Here, we discuss in detail these partially conflicting data and present an integrative model for cytokinin perception and signaling. In our opinion, the prevailing evidence argues for the ER being the predominant site of cytokinin signal perception but also that signal initiation at the PM might be relevant in some circumstances as well. The roles of these pathways in long-distance, paracrine and autocrine cytokinin signaling are discussed.
Bayesian Inference Based Robust Computing on Memristor Crossbar (2021)

Memristor based crossbars are a promising platform for neural network acceleration. To deploy a trained network model on a memristor crossbar, memristors need to be programmed to realize the trained weights of the network. However, due to process and dynamic variations, deviation of weights from the trained value is inevitable and inference accuracy thus degrades. In this paper, we propose a unified Bayesian inference based framework which connects hardware variations and algorithmic training together for robust computing on memristor crossbars. The framework incorporates different levels of variations into priori weight distribution, and transforms robustness optimization to Bayesian neural network training, where weights of neural networks are optimized to accommodate variations and minimize inference degradation. Simulation results with the proposed framework confirm stable inference accuracy under process and dynamic variations.
PyExplore: Query Recommendations for Data Exploration without Query Logs (2021)

Helping users explore data becomes increasingly more important as databases get larger and more complex. In this demo, we present PyExplore, a data exploration tool aimed at helping end users formulate queries over new datasets. PyExplore takes as input an initial query from the user along with some parameters and provides interesting queries by leveraging data correlations and diversity.
TU-A-BRC-09: Feasibility Study of MRI in Assessing in Vivo Proton End-Of-Range for Liver Cancer (2011)

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of using MRI to verify proton beam range in distal regions for liver tumor treatment. Methods: In the treatment of liver tumors with proton beams, the dose range uncertainty in the distal region can lead to reduced dose in tumor and/or increased dose in the surrounding normal tissue. Due to the increased extracellular fluid after radiation treatment, the irradiated areas in liver usually appear hypo-intense on T1-weighted MR images, and hyper-intense on T2-weighted MR images. This change of MR signal intensity (SI) allows for a quantitative verification of dose range in vivo. To achieve this goal, follow-up T1/T2-weighted MR images are firstly registered to the planning CT images. Then MR SI is correlated to the radiation dose at the superior/inferior penumbra dose fall- off, which includes two penumbrae in two proton beams. This SI-dose correlation is finally employed on MR images to estimate the proton end-of- range. This methodology is being evaluated on a 15-patients database, which is being collected in our institute. Results: The preliminary results were based on three patients who received proton liver treatment. We observed correlations between MR SI and radiation proton dose in superior/inferior penumbra regions, with correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.86, 0.97, and 0.97, respectively. By applying the SI-dose correlation to the distal region of proton beam, the mean distances from the MRI-estimated dose range to the prescribed dose range were −0.4 mm, 2.6 mm, and 2.4 mm, respectively. Conclusions: The preliminary results demonstrate that the proton dose range can be verified in vivo to within 2.6 mm by follow-up MR images after proton liver treatment. This IRB-approved study is being extended to 15 patients with liver cancer treated by proton radiotherapy.
Analytical magnetic field distribution of slotless brushless permanent magnet motors – Part I. Armature reaction field, inductance and rotor eddy current loss calculations (2012)

Two-dimensional analytical armature field calculations are presented for slotless permanent magnet brushless motors. The proposed method is applicable to both brushless AC and DC motors with any number of phases. The problem is formulated for eight annular regions: shaft, rotor back-iron, magnets, retaining sleeve, airspace, winding, stator back-iron and exterior. A general armature current density distribution is expressed as a function of spatial angle and time for any number of phases, any current waveform and any winding distribution. The governing partial differential equations of all the regions subject to a set of boundary conditions are represented and solved analytically for both internal and external rotor motors. Self- and mutual-inductance calculations as well as expressions for the calculation of rotor eddy current losses in the magnets, retaining sleeve and rotor back-iron are also represented. In the second part of these two papers, the open-circuit magnetic field is presented for different magnetisation patterns and subsequently the electromagnetic torque is calculated. The effectiveness of the analytical model is validated by comparing the results with those obtained from finite-element analyses as well as an experimental set-up which presented in the second part of the series.
Dynamic Effects: Adsorption of Organic Molecules at Insulating Surfaces (2016)

International audience
523. 1: 1′-Difluorodianthron-9-ylidene and an attempted synthesis of 4: 4′-dibromodianthron-9-ylidene (1953)

E. D. Bergmann and H. J. E. Loewenthal, J. Chem. Soc., 1953, 2572 DOI: 10.1039/JR9530002572
P7010 Generation of a novel glycosylated anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody in milk of transgenic cattle (2016)

Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb, Rituxan) is widely used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as B-cell lymphomas. However, the production capacity of Rituxan is currently very limited. Here we report the expression of recombinant anti-CD20 mAb in milk of transgenic cattle, which demonstrated high yield (6.8 mg/mL), high purity (>99%), and high recovery rate (80%). It is revealed that the recombinant mAb was structurally identical to Rituxan, with the exception of N-linked glycosylation, which was mainly the afucosylated glycans in recombinant one and high degree of fucosylation in Rituxan. Target cell binding and complement-dependent cytotoxicity were also similar between the recombinant mAb and Rituxan. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity was increased in recombinant one, which was the reflection of its afucosylated pattern. The efficiency of recombinant mAb in treating the B-lymphomas in severe combined immunodeficient mice was higher than that of Rituxan. Our study examplified the concept of using transgenic cattle for cost-competitive large-scale production of therapeutical antibodies.