gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
METGLAS flywheel feasibility demonstration. Final report (1981)

A condensed feasibility demonstration project is described which had objectives: evaluation of metallic glasses for flywheel applications; development of flywheel configurations and fabrication techniques for the use of metallic glass ribbon; the demonstration of these techniques on four subscaled flywheels having a nominal energy capacity of 50 Wh; spin testing of at least two rotors having a nominal energy storage capacity of 200 Wh; and defining a conceptual design for a 1 kWh flywheel for automotive applications. A test program using dry wound METGLAS flywheel rotors was instituted with the following results: the tested rotors achieved between 44% and 67% of initial design maximum energy storage; catastrophic failures of the rotor resulted in small, light fragments which caused only buffing and scratching of the containment structure, so containment structures for this flywheel could be considerably lighter and lower cost than similar structures for conventional flywheels; a 1.04 kWh wheel weighing less than 54.4 kg and having a .305m diameter and a width of .152m should be feasible; and further development is warranted.
Handover Management of Net-Drones for Future Internet Platforms (2016)

The advent of the Internet of things (IoT) is changing the way how we interact with the physical world. However, the current Internet suffers from exponential increase in bandwidth demand. In order to resolve the bandwidth issue, we can consider aerial networks by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) or the so-called drones for establishing a three-dimensional mobile network in an ad hoc manner. By deploying a network from the sky, we can use the otherwise idle wireless medium and high mobility free from ground obstacles. Aerial networks are especially effective for supporting the temporary surge of population as well as disaster areas because building an additional network infrastructure requires extensive time. In this paper, we propose an efficient handover mechanism for aerial networks in the three-dimensional space, which significantly differs from the conventional two-dimensional schemes. The proposed scheme adjusts the height of a drone and the distance between the drones. To this end, we use the seamless handover success probability and the false handover initiation probability in order to evaluate the optimal coverage decision algorithm. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed scheme is the first attempt for resolving handover of net-drones in the three-dimensional space.
Autochthonous Transmission ofCoccidioidesin Animals, Washington, USA (2018)

We report 5 cases of coccidioidomycosis in animals that were acquired within Washington, USA, and provide further evidence for the environmental endemicity of Coccidioides immitis within the state. Veterinarians should consider coccidioidomycosis in animals with compatible clinical signs that reside in, or have traveled to, south central Washington.
Ability of MEQ-Deleted MDV Vaccine Candidates to Adversely Affect Lymphoid Organs and Chicken Weight Gain (2012)

CVI988 (Rispens) is currently the most effective vaccine used to protect against Marek's disease, a lymphoproliferative disease of chickens. A MEQ-deleted Marek's disease virus strain has shown promise as a vaccine candidate; however, unpublished results from vaccine safety trials suggest that this candidate vaccine induces unwanted lymphoid atrophy. The current study evaluated lymphoid atrophy at multiple time points between 2- and 8-wk postinoculation and attempted to correlate results with virus replication in the thymus. Results confirm reports that MEQ-deleted virus strains are able to cause thymus and bursa atrophy, which is most severe at 2-wk postinoculation. The MEQ-deleted virus strains induced lower body weights and relative thymus and bursa weights compared to uninoculated and Rispens-vaccinated chickens at multiple time points between 2- and 8-wk postinoculation. Both MEQ-deleted virus strains produced high levels of in vivo virus replication in the thymus at rates significantly greater than in Rispens-vaccinated chickens and were comparable to levels of RM1 virus, a MDV previously shown to induce severe thymus and bursa atrophy. Virus replication was highly correlated with relative thymus weights at each time point. Understanding this delicate balance between inducing maximum disease protection and preventing immunodepressive effects is critical for the development of future Marek's disease vaccines.
THE 2007 OTTO AUFRANC AWARD: Ceramic-on-Metal Hip Arthroplasties (2007)

The performance of novel ceramic-on-metal bearing couples has been compared with metal-on-metal and ceramic-on-ceramic bearing couples in laboratory and short-term clinical studies. Laboratory studies compared ceramic-on-metal with metal-on-metal and ceramic-on-ceramic bearings with diameters of 28 and 36 mm under standard conditions and under adverse conditions with head loading on the rim of the cup. Clinical studies compared metal ion levels in ceramic-on-metal with metal-on-metal, ceramic-on-ceramic, and ceramic-on-polyethylene bearings in a randomized prospective study. In the laboratory studies, friction, wear, and ion levels were lower in ceramic-on-metal bearings compared with metal-on-metal, with results similar to ceramic-on-ceramic couples. Under adverse conditions and rim loading, all bearings showed increased wear with lower wear and absence of stripe wear in ceramic-on-metal compared with metal-on-metal bearings. Short-term studies in 31 patients at 6 months revealed lower metal ion levels (cobalt and chromium) in those with ceramic-on-metal compared with metal-on-metal bearings.
Spezifische Synthese von Nucleosid‐5′‐carbonsäure‐Derivaten mit Pyrimidinen als heterocyclische Base (1980)

Abstract Pyrimidinnucleosid‐5′‐carbonsäure‐Derivate wurden durch Kondensation von Riburonsäure‐glycosylhalogeniden mit heterocyclischen Basen nach verschiedenen Methoden hergestellt. Nach den Untersuchungen eignen sich als Ausgangskomponenten zur Synthese der β‐Nucleoside am besten die benzoyl‐geschützten Riburonsäure‐glycosylhalogenide 3b und 16b . Die Verwendung von Silberperchlorat als Katalysator für die Kondensation ergab insgesamt die besten Ergebnisse bezüglich Stereoselektivität und Ausbeute. Die Methylester bzw. Ethylamide 8b , 11b , 18b , 19b und 20b der Uridin‐, Cytidin‐ und Thymidin‐5′‐carbonsäure wurden auf diese Weise stereospezifisch und mit guten Ausbeuten synthetisiert.
SELECTIVE INHIBITION BY ALCOHOL AND CORTISOL OF NATURAL KILLER CELL ACTIVITY OF LYMPHOCYTES FROM CORD BLOOD (1992)

Nair, Madhavan Ph.D; Schwartz, Stanley A. M.D.; Kronfol, Ziad M.D.; Greden, J. F. M.D. Author Information
Potential role of the soluble form of CD40 in deficient immunological function of dialysis patients: new findings of its amelioration using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) membrane (2010)

Even though numerous studies have helped to better delineate abnormalities of either innate or adaptive immune system in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, understanding immune dysfunctions in ESRD patients remains a very complex puzzle with missing pieces. In this context, we showed that the soluble form of CD40 (sCD40) is elevated in ESRD patients and is associated with a lack of response to hepatitis B vaccination. Interestingly, although most dialysis membranes are unable to clear sCD40, we demonstrated that polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) BK-F membranes (Toray Medical Company, Japan) allow a dramatic diminution of the molecule. We took advantage of this observation to address the question of the potential usefulness of PMMA membrane (BK-F series) in the improvement of humoral immune response of ESRD patients. We, thus, present our recent data highlighting the potential role of BK-F membrane in the improvement of hepatitis B vaccination of ESRD patients who failed to mount a protective immune response despite one or more well-conducted anterior vaccination. Taken as a whole, our findings reinforced the concept of seeing dialysis membranes not just as a simple diffusive device but as a tool to tailor dialysis procedure to improve the global quality of life of ESRD patients. This opens a wide area of investigation, notably for the management of immunological dysfunction of ESRD patients.
R-squared for Bayesian Regression Models (2018)

The usual definition of R2 (variance of the predicted values divided by the variance of the data) has a problem for Bayesian fits, as the numerator can be larger than the denominator. We propose an alternative definition similar to one that has appeared in the survival analysis literature: the variance of the predicted values divided by the variance of predicted values plus the expected variance of the errors.
Interferon-alpha 2 counteracts interleukin-1 alpha-stimulated expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator in human foreskin microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. (1994)

We investigated the effect of interferon-alpha 2 (IFN-alpha 2) on interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha)-induced up-regulation of urokinase type plasminogen activator (u-PA) expression in human foreskin microvascular endothelial cells (HFMEC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in vitro. When IFN-alpha 2 and IL-1 alpha were added to the cells simultaneously, IFN-alpha 2 inhibited IL-1 alpha-induced up-regulation of u-PA antigen in a dose- and time-dependent fashion in HFMEC, whereas in HUVEC no effect of IFN-alpha 2 on IL-1 alpha-induced u-PA was seen. IL-1 alpha-induced up-regulation of PAI-1 antigen in HFMEC was not counteracted by IFN-alpha 2. When IFN-alpha 2 was added to HFMEC 1 or 2 h after IL-1 alpha a significant inhibition in u-PA synthesis was seen, whereas when IFN-alpha 2 was added to the cells 8 h after IL-1 alpha no effect on the induction of u-PA synthesis by IL-1 alpha was seen. IFN-alpha 2 also inhibited significantly the IL-1 alpha stimulated up-regulation of specific u-PA mRNA expression. In conclusion, our data show that IFN-alpha 2 can counteract the IL-1 alpha-induced up-regulation of u-PA in a similar way as IFN-gamma. This effect, which seems to be specific for microvascular endothelial cells, could contribute to the modulation of endothelial cell-mediated extravascular proteolysis in processes such as wound healing, neovascularisation, and endothelial cell migration.
[Inhibiting effect of delta 9 tetrahydrocannabinol on protein and nucleic acid syntheses]. (1975)

Addition of THC 10(-4) M, to cultured human lymphocytes inhibits within a few hours the intracellular and intramolecular incorporation of tritiated leucine, uridine and thymidine.
Recycling routes of lithium-ion batteries: A critical review of the development status, the process performance, and life-cycle environmental impacts (2022)

Abstract Today, new lithium-ion battery-recycling technologies are under development while a change in the legal requirements for recycling targets is under way. Thus, an evaluation of the performance of these technologies is critical for stakeholders in politics, industry, and research. We evaluate 209 publications and compare three major recycling routes. An important aspect of this review is that we tackle the need for a critical evaluation of these recycling routes by introducing clear terms and creating a structuring scheme. Our evaluation criteria cover three areas: status of development, process performance, and life-cycle environmental impacts. With respect to development status, we provide an analysis of today’s market. A criterion of process performance is recycling efficiency, which today focuses on the mass of the recovered materials. To include the contributions of critical materials, we add a criterion for the efficiency of recovery of materials. Life-cycle assessments provide information on gross impacts, benefit of substituting virgin material and net impact. Present life-cycle assessments focus on waste management rather than on recovery of critical materials. This review contributes to an understanding of these trade-offs and supports discussion as to what is the “best” recycling route when targets conflict. Graphical Abstract There are three possible process sequences for each lithium-ion battery-recycling route. A distinction is made between pre-treatment steps (gray), direct physical treatment steps (green), pyro-metallurgical treatment (orange), and hydro-metallurgical treatment (blue). The figure is based on a figure from Doose et al. (Joule 3:2622–2646, 2019).
On modal modeling for medical images: underconstrained shape description and data compression (2002)

The authors have previously described modal analysis, an efficient, physically-based solution for recovering, tracking, and recognizing solid models from 2D and 3D sensor data. The underlying representation consists of two levels: modal deformations, which describe the overall shape of a solid, and displacement maps, which employ a multiscale wavelet representation to provide local and fine surface detail. Here, the authors address the problem of recovering modal models in the underconstrained case of fitting a 3D model to contours found in medical slice and X-ray data. They describe an extension which can be used to incorporate measurement uncertainty while estimating the modal deformation parameters. Finally, the authors give details about how to compress dense 3D point data from surfaces, by use of displacement maps and wavelets.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Community insights (2013)

Online communities are increasingly being deployed in enterprises to increase productivity and share expertise. Community leaders are critical for fostering successful communities, but existing technologies rarely support leaders directly, both because of a lack of clear data about leader needs, and because existing tools are member- rather than leader-centric. We present the evidence-based design and evaluation of a novel tool for community leaders, Community Insights (CI). CI provides actionable analytics that help community leaders foster healthy communities, providing value to both members and the organization. We describe empirical and system contributions derived from a long-term deployment of CI to leaders of 470 communities over 10 months. Empirical contributions include new data showing: (a) which metrics are most useful for leaders to assess community health, (b) the need for and how to design actionable metrics, (c) the need for and how to design contextualized analytics to support sensemaking about community data. These findings motivate a novel community system that provides leaders with useful, actionable and contextualized analytics.
All-optical address extraction for optical routing (1998)

This paper describes the optical circuit that enables to extract address from a transmitted cell in an all-optical manner. Nonlinear optical loop mirrors (NOLM's) are used as all-optical switches in order to confirm the operation of the proposed circuit. The control pulses synchronized with address bits are generated from the transmitted cell. The address bits are successfully extracted without any electronic control circuit. The factors that limit an attainable bit rate are discussed. If we use NOLM composed of a 2-km-long fiber, 110 Gb/s is attainable for the 4 ps FWHM input pulse with RZ format.
Reversal of Chemoresistance in Ovarian Cancer by Co‐Delivery of MDR Inhibitors and Paclitaxel Using a Targeted Liposomal Platform (2015)

The over-expression of P-gp drug efflux pumps has led to the emergence of multidrug resistance in a variety of tumors. With this in mind, folate-targeted liposomes co-loaded with paclitaxel (PCT) and P-gp inhibitor tariquidar (XR) were developed. Aim To allow for the effective reversal of chemo-resistance in ovarian cancer cells using targeted liposomes co-loaded with tariquidar and paclitaxel. Methods: Folic acid was conjugated to the distal end of the PEG chain and post-inserted onto liposomes composed of ePC, cholesterol and DOTAP. Evaluation of drug resistance of ovarian cancer lines SKOV3, HeyA8 and Tynku was carried out by quantifying MDR1 and MRP1 receptor expression followed by a rhodamine123 exclusion assay. The cytotoxicity of the formulations was evaluated using the Promega viability assay. The cellular effects of the formulations were evaluated using the iCyte imaging cytometer, M4 phase holographic imager (PHI) and fluorescence microscopy. Results As compared to MRP1 higher expression of MDR1 was seen in the ovarian cancer cells. In vitro cytotoxicity experiments demonstrated that the XR+PCT liposomes was able to effectively overcome resistance to PCT even at low PCT doses of 50 nM. Using live cell imaging, paclitaxel-induced arrest of cell cycle progression and onset of apoptosis following was visible from 1.5 µM to 50 nM only with the co-loaded liposomes. The cell cycle arrest was further visualized using time-lapse PHI. The paclitaxel-mediated microtubule dysfunction was then visualized by the presence of polymerized microtubules around the cell nucleus by fluorescence microscopy. Conclusions The co-loaded liposomes were able to effectively reverse chemoresistance in a variety of drug-resistant ovarian cancers.
Raman scattering in doped transition metal pentatellurides (2002)

We have measured the Raman spectra of Sb doped (ZrTe5−xSbx; 0&amp;lt;x&amp;lt;0.25) and Hf doped (ZryHf1−yTe5; 0&amp;lt;y&amp;lt;1) pentatellurides in the 90–300 cm−1 range, and compared them to the corresponding spectrum for the parent material ZrTe5. X-ray diffraction data revealed that the pentatelluride structure prevails at all doping concentrations. With increasing Sb concentration, the linewidths for three of the four Raman peaks observed at 115, 120, and 147 cm−1 in the parent material broadened with insignificant change in the linewidth for the fourth peak at 180 cm−1. Interestingly, the peak intensity for the mode at 180 cm−1 gradually diminishes in ZrTe5−xSbx up to x=0.15, and completely vanishes in the x=0.20 compound. On the other hand, the electrical and Raman properties of ZryHf1−yTe5 exhibit a systematic shift from the corresponding properties of ZrTe5 to that of HfTe5 for increasing Hf concentration in the sample. Implications of the disappearance of the resistivity anomaly with concomitant vanishing of 180 cm−1 Raman mode in the Sb doped samples for x=0.20 composition are presented.
Lessons Learned: Comparing Two Detailed Capital Cost Estimates for Carbon Capture by Amine Scrubbing (2023)

Two front-end engineering designs (FEED) for commercial-scale carbon capture from natural gas combined-cycle (NGCC) power plants have been published in full, including detailed capital cost estimates. The two studies are the Piperazine with the Advanced Stripper (PZAS) FEED at Mustang Station in Denver City, TX, U.S.A. (“Mustang FEED”) and the FEED at Panda Sherman Power Station in Sherman, TX, U.S.A. (“Panda FEED”). The design capacities are 197 tonne/h of CO2 captured in the Mustang FEED and 129 tonne/h in the Panda FEED. This work compares both designs with the aim of gaining insight about the cost of carbon capture processes. Direct field costs for each process are adjusted to account for differences in the estimating methodology in each FEED. This adjustment results in estimated direct field costs of $574MM for Mustang and $411MM for Panda. The breakdowns of capital costs for each process area are compared, to highlight differences in costs due to the respective processes or particular requirements of each host power plant. A key finding is that site-specific factors not typically represented in less rigorous cost estimates are observed to have a significant impact on cost. To compare both estimates on a similar design basis, the Mustang unit was scaled to the Panda FEED design capacity, resulting in direct field costs of $489MM for Mustang and $411MM for Panda. Additionally, the cost estimates of the CO2 absorbers are analyzed in greater detail to directly compare three equivalent designs that include rectangular and cylindrical absorber columns. Adjusting the absorber estimates to the same scope and scaling to the same size results in estimated costs of $19.7MM, $18.2MM, and $14.9MM, with the rectangular absorber being approximately 10% to 30% more expensive than the cylindrical designs.
An unexpected tumor suppresor role for the Rac1 exchange factor Vav1 in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2016)

Resumen del póster presentado al XXXIX Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, celebrado en Salamanca del 5 al 8 de septiembre de 2016.
Entropy Rates of a Stochastic Process (2001)

The asymptotic equipartition property in Chapter 3 establishes that nH(X) bits suffice on the average to describe n independent and identically distributed random variables. But what if the random variables are dependent? In particular, what if the random variables form a stationary process? We will show, just as in the i.i.d. case, that the entropy H(X1,X2,…,Xn) grows (asymptotically) linearly with n at a rate H(𝒳), which we will call the entropy rate of the process. The interpretation of H(𝒳) as the best achievable data compression given in Chapter 5.
Paediatric weight estimation (2011)

Luscombe et al 1 have developed a more accurate age-based paediatric weight estimation tool than that was previously commonly used in the UK, and their formula has also been incorporated into the 5th edition of the Advanced Paediatric Life Support (APLS) manual, for 6–12-year-olds.2 It is important for readers to realise that in their article, the inaccurate ‘APLS formula’ refers …
Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Glucose at a Glucose Oxidase-Immobilized Benzoquinone-Mixed Carbon Paste Electrode (1986)

Journal Article Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Glucose at a Glucose Oxidase-Immobilized Benzoquinone-Mixed Carbon Paste Electrode Get access Tokuji Ikeda, Tokuji Ikeda Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Hirokazu Hamada, Hirokazu Hamada Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mitsugi Senda Mitsugi Senda Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 50, Issue 4, 1 April 1986, Pages 883–890, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1986.10867477 Published: 01 April 1986 Article history Received: 16 August 1985 Published: 01 April 1986