gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Beat-to-Beat Variability of Repolarization Duration in the Canine Ventricular Myocyte: A Computational Analysis (2013)

Beat-to-beat variability of repolarization duration (BVR) is an intrinsic characteristic of cardiac function and a better marker of proarrhythmia than repolarization prolongation alone. The ionic mechanisms underlying baseline BVR in physiological conditions, its rate dependence, and the factors contributing to increased BVR in pathologies remain incompletely understood. Here, we employed computer modeling to provide novel insights into the subcellular mechanisms of BVR under physiological conditions and during simulated drug-induced repolarization prolongation, mimicking long-QT syndromes type 1, 2, and 3. We developed stochastic implementations of 13 major ionic currents and fluxes in a model of canine ventricular-myocyte electrophysiology. Combined stochastic gating of these components resulted in short- and long-term variability, consistent with experimental data from isolated canine ventricular myocytes. The model indicated that the magnitude of stochastic fluctuations is rate dependent due to the rate dependence of action-potential (AP) duration (APD). This process (the "active" component) and the intrinsic nonlinear relationship between membrane current and APD ("intrinsic component") contribute to the rate dependence of BVR. We identified a major role in physiological BVR for stochastic gating of the persistent Na(+) current (INa) and rapidly activating delayed-rectifier K(+) current (IKr). Inhibition of IKr or augmentation of INa significantly increased BVR, whereas subsequent β-adrenergic receptor stimulation reduced it, similar to experimental findings in isolated myocytes. In contrast, β-adrenergic stimulation increased BVR in simulated long-QT syndrome type 1. In addition to stochastic channel gating, AP morphology, APD, and beat-to-beat variations in Ca(2+) were found to modulate single-cell BVR. Cell-to-cell coupling decreased BVR and this was more pronounced when a model cell with increased BVR was coupled to a model cell with normal BVR. In conclusion, our results provide new insights into the ionic mechanisms underlying BVR and suggest that BVR reflects multiple potentially proarrhythmic parameters, including increased ion-channel stochasticity, prolonged APD, and abnormal Ca(2+) handling.
ChemInform Abstract: Pb17O8Cl18: A Promising IR Nonlinear Optical Material with Large Laser Damage Threshold Synthesized in an Open System. (2015)

Abstract High‐quality single crystals of Pb 17 O 8 Cl 18 with sizes of up to 7 mm x 2 mm x 2 mm are grown from a stoichiometric melt of PbO and PbCl 2 (430 °C, 48 h) by a modified crystallization method in an open system.
Ultra Wideband L-Loop Antenna (2006)

The antenna design for ultra wideband (UWB) signal radiation is one of the main challenges of the UWB system, especially when low-cost, geometrically small and radio efficient structures are required for typical applications. This study presents a novel printed loop antenna with introducing an L shape portion to its arms. The antenna offers excellent performance for lower-band frequency of UWB system, ranging from 3.1 GHz to 5.1 GHz. The antenna exhibits a 10 dB return loss bandwidth over the entire frequency band. The antenna is designed on FR4 substrate and fed with 50 ohms coupled tapered transmission line. It is found that the lower frequency band depends on the L portion of the loop antenna; however the upper frequency limit was decided by the taper transmission line. Though with very simple geometry, the results are satisfactory.
Common variants at 12q15 and 12q24 are associated with infant head circumference (2020)

To identify genetic variants associated with head circumference in infancy, we performed a meta-analysis of seven genome-wide association (GWA) studies (N=10,768 from European ancestry enrolled in pregnancy/birth cohorts) and followed up three lead signals in six replication studies (combined N=19,089). Rs7980687 on chromosome 12q24 (P=8.1×10−9), and rs1042725 on chromosome 12q15 (P=2.8×10−10) were robustly associated with head circumference in infancy. Although these loci have previously been associated with adult height1, their effects on infant head circumference were largely independent of height (P=3.8×10−7 for rs7980687, P=1.3×10−7 for rs1042725 after adjustment for infant height). A third signal, rs11655470 on chromosome 17q21, showed suggestive evidence of association with head circumference (P=3.9×10−6). SNPs correlated to the 17q21 signal show genome-wide association with adult intra cranial volume2, Parkinson’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases3-5, indicating that a common genetic variant in this region might link early brain growth with neurological disease in later life.
Autonomous suturing using minimally invasive surgical robots (2002)

This paper presents the design and implementation of a new robotic system for assisting surgeons in performing minimally invasive surgical procedures. This system is designed for collaborative operation between the surgeon and the robot. In addition, it contains the following attributes: quick interchangeable end tools, programmable collaboration with the surgeon, and coordinated motion of multiple robotic devices for performing complex procedures. Two such devices have been built with a variety of end tools. The system has demonstrated direct manual operation, remote teleoperation, and surgeon-supervised autonomous stitching and knot tying. In addition to the mechanical design, several autonomous knot tying algorithms, and the associated kinematic requirement, are discussed.
Path diversity for Inter-domain Routing security (2017)

The backbone of the Internet consists of a large number of autonomous systems (ASs), which are interconnected by Internet Exchange Points (IXPs) and mutual peering arrangements. The de-facto routing protocol, Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), has well-known vulnerabilities. Secure versions of BGP are costly and their adoption is slow <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> . Technology migration towards Software-defined Networking (SDN) does not automatically ensure routing security, nevertheless it opens door for innovation due to centralized control of IP routing. In this paper we propose multipath routing to secure global IP traffic from malicious ASes and IXPs, by leveraging the logically centralized control plane (LCCP) of SDN. LCCP is well suited to implement IXP-centric path diversity, which not only increases the routing security but also brings in greater resilience and higher performance. We present a graph theoretic model of core networking along with a multipath routing algorithm suitable for LCCP. We integrate our proposed ideas with multipath TCP (RFC 6824) and demonstrate the working of proposed multipath routing in a detailed Mininet emulation.
Oxidative Coupling of Methane over Alkali Metal Oxide Promoted La 2O 3/BaCO 3 Catalysts (1996)

The oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) over various alkali metal oxide promoted La2O3/BaCO3 catalysts and the effects of Na2O content on the performance of Na2O–La2O3/BaCO3 catalysts have been studied. It was found that Na2O promoted La2O3/BaCO3 catalysts had the advantages of high CH4 conversion, C2 selectivity and C2H4/C2H6 ratio. Na2O might affect the properties of the catalysts through electronic and geometric effects. The highest C2 yield (19·0–20·6%) was obtained with Na2O–9 wt% La2O3/BaCO3 catalysts of 1·0–3·0% Na2O. The effects of reaction conditions on OCM over 3 wt% Na2O–9 wt% La2O3/BaCO3 catalysts have also been investigated. The catalysts were characterized by BET, TPD and XRD. TPD studies on 3 wt% Na2O–9 wt% La2O3/BaCO3 catalysts demonstrated that CO2, CH4 and O2 could be adsorbed strongly on the catalyst. This might be related to the activation of CH4 and the formation and regeneration of active oxygen species.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF HYDROFLUOROBENZENES WITH SOME ORGANOLITHIUM REAGENTS, METHYLLITHIUM, N‐BUTYLLITHIUM AND TERT‐BUTYLLITHIUM (1980)

Abstract Fluorierte Benzole (II), (VIII) bzw. (XIII) liefern bei Metallierung mit tert.‐Butyllithium oder n‐Butyllithium und anschließender Derivatisierung mit Trimethylchlorsilan unterschiedliche Produkte, die sich durch den Grad der Metallierung und/oder die Stellung der Substituenten unterscheiden.
A Flexible 32x32 Dual-Side Single-Photon Image Sensor (2024)

We present the first flexible dual-side single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) image sensor in array format. The image sensor comprises 32x32 pixels, with a special layout and fabrication flow developed for its fabrication. SPAD breakdown voltage, noise, sensitivity, and crosstalk were thoroughly analyzed. The sensor is operated both in frontside-illumination (FSI) and backside-illumination (BSI), with a dual-objective camera demo built to simultaneously demonstrate the sensor in FSI and BSI modes.
A new combined ETAAS method for the determination of platinum, palladium, and gold traces in natural samples (2012)

A new combined method is developed for determining trace platinum, palladium, and gold in natural materials of complex composition. The method involves sorption preconcentration with solid-phase extractants obtained by impregnating polymer supports (hypercrosslinked and highly crosslinked polystyrene resins) with an imidazolium ionic liquid (1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide), elution with acetone under normal conditions or with a solution of thiourea in 1 M HCl under microwave heating, and the ETAAS determination of analytes in the eluate. The efficiency of the method is confirmed by the analysis of various ores and rocks.
One-electron oxidation is not a major route of metabolic activation and DNA binding for the carcinogen 7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazole in vitro and in mouse liver and lung (2000)

7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole (DBC) is a potent multi-site, multi-species carcinogen present in a variety of complex mixtures derived from the incomplete combustion of organic matter. Like many carcinogens, DBC requires metabolic activation to an electrophilic species to exert its mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. One-electron oxidation, leading to the formation of radical cation intermediates, has been proposed as a mechanism of metabolic activation for DBC in vitro resulting in unstable DNA adducts. The purpose of this research was to determine whether one-electron oxidation is a mechanism of activation and DNA binding for DBC in vivo. Specific depurinating DBC-DNA adducts formed by one-electron oxidation were analyzed in mouse liver at 4 h following a single i.p. dose of 40 mg/kg of 11 microCi [(14)C]DBC. In addition to five previously published adduct standards, two newly identified adduct standards were characterized by mass spectrometry and NMR, namely DBC-6-N7-Ade and DBC-6-N1-Ade; however, neither was observed in mouse liver. Only the DBC-5-N7-Gua adduct was observed in mouse liver extracts at a level of 6.5 +/- 1. 8 adducts/10(6) nucleotides. In addition, the formation of AP sites and stable DBC-DNA adducts was analyzed in mouse liver and lung at 4, 12 and 24 h following a single i.p. dose of 0.4, 4 or 40 mg/kg DBC (n = 3/group). There was a distinct time- and dose-response of stable DBC-DNA adducts detected by (32)P-post-labeling. There was not a clear dose-response for formation of AP sites; however, a significant increase over control levels was observed at the 4 and 40 mg/kg dose groups at 4 and 12 h post dosing, respectively. Quantitative comparisons indicate that the depurinating DBC-5-N7-Gua adduct constitutes approximately 0.4% of total adducts measured whereas the stable adducts detected by (32)P-post-labeling constitute 99.6% of total adducts measured following a 40 mg/kg dose and a 4 h time-point. The data indicate that one-electron oxidation does occur in mouse liver in vivo. However, one-electron oxidation is a minor mechanism of activation in that the percentage of total adducts formed through this route constitutes a minor percentage of the total adducts formed.
Hierarchically porous carbon monoliths with high surface area from bridged polysilsesquioxanes without thermal activation process (2010)

Hierarchically porous carbon monoliths with high specific surface areas have been fabricated by removing nano-sized silica phase from carbon/silica composites pyrolyzed from bridged polysilsesquioxane. This activation method improves the homogeneity between inner and outer parts of the monoliths compared to the conventional thermal activation methods.
Antenne Dipôle Multi-bandes Inspirée des Métamatériaux (2013)

National audience
Evolution of blood parameters during weight loss in experimental obese Beagle dogs (2004)

The effects of weight loss on hormonal and biochemical blood parameters were measured monthly [carnitine, creatinine, urea, free T4 (fT4), total T4 (TT4), plasma alkaline phosphatases (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), potassium and total proteins] or bimonthly [cholesterol, triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), glucose, insulin] in eight obese Beagles dogs fed either a high protein dry diet, DP (crude protein 47.5%, on dry matter basis) or a commercial high fibre diet, HF (crude protein 23.8%, crude fibre 23.3%). The dogs were allotted to two groups according to sex and body weight (BW) and they were respectively fed with the DP or the control HF diet during 12-26 weeks, until they reach their optimal BW. The plasma basal triglycerides and cholesterol concentrations were decreased by the two diets but the difference was only significant for the DP diet. The plasma mean NEFA concentration increased regularly over the period with the HF diet, without significant difference between the two diets. No effect of diet or weight loss was observed on plasma carnitine, urea, creatinine, ALP, AST, ALT, potassium, TT4, FT4, IGF-I, glucose and insulin. Weight loss induced a decrease in fT4 plasma concentration (p < 0.001). The high protein diet allowed a safe weight loss.
Hyperoxia in the intensive care unit: why more is not always better (2006)

Although hyperoxia has not been conclusively identified as a clinically important cause of lung injury in humans, animal data strongly implicate it. Reports of interaction effects between hyperoxia and both mechanical ventilation and host defense suggest that clinical studies of hyperoxia must take these variables into account. Accumulating data about how hyperoxia initiates cell death provide guidance for development of both biomarkers to identify hyperoxia-induced injury and pharmacological interventions to limit hyperoxia's adverse effects.
Location of myocardium at risk in comparison between single photon emission computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and electrocardiography (2007)

The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that perfusion SPECT, estimation of regional wall thickening using MRI and the distribution of ST changes on the admission ECG display similar localization of the MaR in patients with reperfused first-time MI.
Multi-target Voice Conversion without Parallel Data by Adversarially Learning Disentangled Audio Representations (2018)

Recently, cycle-consistent adversarial network (Cycle-GAN) has been successfully applied to voice conversion to a different speaker without parallel data, although in those approaches an individual model is needed for each target speaker. In this paper, we propose an adversarial learning framework for voice conversion, with which a single model can be trained to convert the voice to many different speakers, all without parallel data, by separating the speaker characteristics from the linguistic content in speech signals. An autoencoder is first trained to extract speaker-independent latent representations and speaker embedding separately using another auxiliary speaker classifier to regularize the latent representation. The decoder then takes the speaker-independent latent representation and the target speaker embedding as the input to generate the voice of the target speaker with the linguistic content of the source utterance. The quality of decoder output is further improved by patching with the residual signal produced by another pair of generator and discriminator. A target speaker set size of 20 was tested in the preliminary experiments, and very good voice quality was obtained. Conventional voice conversion metrics are reported. We also show that the speaker information has been properly reduced from the latent representations.
Selektivitätskontrolle in elektrokatalytischen Oxidationsreaktionen durch Ionische Flüssigkeiten (2022)

Abstract Der so genannte SCILL‐Katalysator (englisch: solid catalyst with ionic liquid layer) beschreibt ein neues, äußerst erfolgreiches Konzept im Bereich der heterogenen Katalyse. Hierbei besteht die Grundidee darin, die Selektivität eines Katalysators durch die Beladung mit ionischen Flüssigkeiten drastisch zu erhöhen. In dieser Arbeit zeigen wir, dass das Konzept auf die Elektrokatalyse übertragbar ist und zur selektiven Umsetzung von organischen Verbindungen genutzt werden kann. Bei der hier untersuchten Elektrooxidation von 2,3‐Butandiol können zwei Produkte entstehen. Das einfach oxidierte Acetoin und das zweifach oxidierte Diacetyl. Durch die Zugabe einer ionischen Flüssigkeit (1‐Ethyl‐3‐methyl‐imidazolium‐trifluormethansulfonat, [C 2 C 1 Im][OTf]) kann die Selektivität des Katalysators zu Gunsten der Acetoinbildung drastisch erhöht werden. Der zugrundeliegende Mechanismus wurde dabei spektroskopisch in situ untersucht: Die Adsorption des Anions der ionischen Flüssigkeit verhindert die Wasseraktivierung. Dies unterbindet den zweiten Oxidationsschritt vom Acetoin zum Diacetyl und erhöht damit die Selektivität. Unsere Studie zeigt das große Potential elektrochemischer SCILL‐Katalysatoren für die selektive Umsetzung von organischen Verbindungen.
A20 is a potent inhibitor of TLR3‐ and Sendai virus‐induced activation of NF‐κB and ISRE and IFN‐β promoter (2004)

Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) recognizes dsRNA generated during viral infection and activation of TLR3 results in induction of type I interferons (IFNs) and cellular anti-viral response. TLR3 is associated with a TIR domain-containing adapter protein TRIF, which activates distinct downstream pathways leading to activation of NF-kappaB and ISRE sites in the promoters of type I IFNs. We show here that A20, a NF-kappaB-inducible zinc finger protein that has been demonstrated to be an inhibitor of TNF-induced NF-kappaB activation and a physiological suppressor of inflammatory response, potently inhibited TLR3- and Sendai virus-mediated activation of ISRE and NF-kappaB and IFN-beta promoter in reporter gene assays. A20 also inhibited TRIF-, but not its downstream signaling components TBK1-, IKKbeta-, and IKKepsilon-mediated activation of ISRE and NF-kappaB and IFN-beta promoter. Moreover, A20 interacted with TRIF in co-immunoprecipitation experiments. Finally, expression of A20 could be induced at protein level by Sendai virus infection. These data suggest that A20 targets TRIF to inhibit TLR3-mediated induction of IFN-beta transcription and functions as a feedback negative regulator for TLR3 signaling and cellular anti-viral response.
Characteristics of Zeta Potential Distribution in Silica Particles (2005)

Most experimental studies available in the literature on filtration are based on observed average zeta potential of particles (usually 10 measurements). However, analyses of data using the average zeta potential alone can lead to misleading and erroneous conclusions about the attachment behavior because of the variation of particle zeta potentials and the heterogeneous distribution of the collector surface charge. To study characteristics of zeta potential, zeta potential distributions (ZPDs) of silica particles under 9 different chemical conditions were investigated. Contrary to many researchers’ assumptions, most of the ZPDs of silica particles were broad. The solids concentration removal was better near the isoelectric point (IEP) as many researchers have noticed, thus proper destabilization of particles is very important to achieve better particle removal in particle separation processes. While, the mean zeta potential of silica particles at a given coagulant dose was a function of particle concentration; the amount of needed coagulant for particle destabilization was proportional to the total surface charge area of particles in the suspension.
Excellent age hardenability with the controllable microstructure of AXW100 magnesium sheet alloy (2020)

Age-hardenability and corresponding improvement of the mechanical properties of Mg-1Al-0.7Ca and Mg-1Al-0.7Ca-0.7Y alloy sheets are addressed with respect to the microstructure and texture evolution during thermomechanical treatments. A fine grain structure and weak texture with the basal pole split into the sheet transverse direction are retained in the Mg-1Al-0.7Ca-0.7Y sheet even after the homogenization at 500 °C, due to the grain boundary pinning by Y-containing precipitates possessing a high thermal stability. Contrarily, the Mg-1Al-0.7Ca sheet shows a coarse microstructure and basal-type texture after the homogenization. The peak-aged condition is attained after the aging at 250 °C for 1800 s of both homogenized sheets, while the Y-containing sheet shows a higher hardness than the Mg-1Al-0.7Ca sheet. TEM analysis and thermodynamic calculation show the formation of metastable precipitates composed of Al, Ca, Y and Mg in the Mg-1Al-0.7Ca-0.7Y sheet at the homogenized and peak-aged conditions. A significant increase in the yield strength is obtained in the peak-aged condition from 162 MPa after the homogenization to 244 MPa, which arises from the increased size and number density of the precipitates. The high age-hardenability of the Mg-1Al-0.7Ca-0.7Y sheet attributes to the superior mechanical properties with an improved ductility promoted by the weak texture.
Enhancing Angle Estimation Accuracy of Ultra Compact Two-Channel Radar MMICs at 160 GHz Using a Biomimetic Antenna Array (2019)

An ultra compact monostatic two-channel radar MMIC at 160 GHz with enhanced angle estimation accuracy is presented. The MMIC is built up of two transceivers as well as two chip integrated antennas. The small antenna aperture of a quarter wavelength is enhanced by applying a biomimetic antenna array. As a consequence, the MMIC only occupies a chip area of 2.40×1.15 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Radar measurements are performed to evaluate the angle estimation capability of the MMIC and it is shown that the accuracy of the angle estimation is enhanced by a factor of 2.2 by using the biomimetic antenna system.
Separation of Hydrogen and Nitrogen Gases with Porous Graphene Membrane (2011)

We designed a series of porous graphene as the separation membrane of H2/N2. The selectivity and permeability could be controlled by drilling various nanopores with different shapes and sizes. The mechanisms of hydrogen and nitrogen to permeate through the porous graphene are different. The small nanopore (pore-11) can only allow the hydrogen molecules to permeate due to the size restriction. In the systems of bigger nanopores (e.g., pore-13, pore-14, etc.), where the pore size is big enough to allow nitrogen molecules to permeate without any restriction, we observed more permeation events of nitrogen than that of hydrogen molecules. The reason is that the van der Waals interactions with the graphene membrane make the nitrogen molecules accumulate on the surface of graphene. When the pore size further increases, the flow of hydrogen molecules exhibits the linear dependence on the pore area, while there is no obvious correlation between the flow of nitrogen molecules and the pore area.