gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mikrostrukturierung auf nicht ebenen Glasoberflächen mittels Interferenzlithographie (2011)

Interferenzlithographie ist ein bekanntes Belichtungsverfahren zur Mikrostrukturierung optischer Elemente. Neben der schnellen Erzeugung hochaufgelöster Gitterstrukturen ist dabei die Möglichkeit der Strukturierung auf nicht ebenen Oberflächen von großem Interesse. Hierfür sind klassische Verfahren wie Photolithographie oder Elektronenstrahlschreiben nicht gut geeignet. Für die holographische Belichtung entwickeln wir einen kompakten Aufbau mit Hilfe einer Phasenmaske. Diese Belichtungseinheit sowie der als Lichtquelle genutzte 355nm ps-Laser sind in einem Ultrapräzisionsbearbeitungszentrum integriert, in dem auch eine mechanische Strukturierung der optischen Bauelemente erfolgt. Um homogene Lackschichten auf gewölbten Flächen zu erzielen, kommt bei der Beschichtung ein optimierter Spray-Coating Prozess zum Einsatz. Wir präsentieren das Konzept und die Umsetzung des Belichtungsaufbaus sowie erste Ergebnisse der Beschichtungs- und Belichtungsversuche auf optischen Freiformflächen.
Guest Editorial Special Issue on Smart City-Networks (2022)

The papers in this special section focus on the development of smart city networks. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in sustainable and smart cities. Increasingly, cities need more efficient water, transportation, and energy systems to address various challenges, including a growing population, environmental and economic sustainability, and resiliency to natural disasters and unpredictable events. Advanced technologies for data collection, information processing, and decision-making are being developed, accompanied by advances in technologies for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions reduction such as renewables, electric vehicles, space heating, and industrial processes; all together these form the foundation for smart city networks and provide the focus for this special issue.
ChemInform Abstract: Unexpected Products in the LiAlH4/AlCl3‐Reduction of 3‐O‐Substituted and N‐Benzyloxycarbonyl‐protected 4,6‐O‐(2‐Methoxybenzylidene)‐α‐ D‐glucosamine Derivatives. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Pharmacologic Modulation of Salt and Water in the Airway Epithelium in Cystic Fibrosis (1995)

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a recessive genetic disease with thickened airway secretions that result from abnormal airway epithelial ion transport, including defective cyclic AMP-mediated Cl- (liquid) secretion and excessive Na+ (liquid) absorption. These abnormalities reflect mutations in the gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, which normally functions as a cyclic AMP-regulated Cl- channel. Aerosolized pharmacologic agents are being tested as novel treatment for these genetic ion transport defects. Amiloride aerosol inhibits excessive Na+ absorption, and pilot studies in adult patients with CF show improved biorheology and mucociliary clearance of airway secretions, as well as slowing of the decline in lung function. Phase III studies of amiloride in adults and adolescents are underway, and short-term safety studies in children are under way. Aerosolized uridine triphosphate (UTP) induces Cl- secretion in CF airway epithelia via non-CFTR Cl- channels. Initial safety studies suggest that acute aerosolized UTP is well tolerated, and acute studies of the effect on mucociliary clearance are underway. Pharmacotherapy that targets abnormal ion transport holds promise for the treatment of CF airway disease.
Prophylactic Admission of an In Vitro Reconstructed Complexes of Human Recombinant Heat Shock Proteins and Melanoma Antigenic Peptides Activates Anti-Melanoma Responses in Mice (2015)

Tumor-derived autologous antigenic peptides when bound to endogenous 70 kDa family heat shock proteins (HSP70) are able to induce effective T-cell responses against tumors. However, efficacy of HSPbased vaccines in clinical practical stand point still has a number of certain limitations including an activation of immune responses against alien non-human HSPs. In this study we reconstructed the complexes of human recombinant HSPs70 (human recombinant HSP70A1B and HSC70 mixture; hrHSPs70) with antigenic lowweight peptides derived from mice B16F10 melanoma cell lysate (PepMCL) in vitro and investigated the prophylactic potential of these complexes to activate anti-tumor immunity in melanoma mouse model. Our results demonstrate that the developed prophylactic vaccine elicits melanoma-specific immune responses and anti-tumor effects against melanoma. These results suggest that hrHSPs70 has capability to reconstitute complexes with peptides obtained from tumor cells lysates in vitro and, therefore, can be used for delivery of multiple antigenic peptides into antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to activate effectors cells. Designed in such a way hrHSPs70-based prophylactic vaccines induce immune responses resulting in a significant efficient prevention of tumor growth and metastases.
A comprehensive comparison of superior triple-threshold-voltage 7-transistor, 8-transistor, and 9-transistor SRAM cells (2014)

Conventional Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) cells suffer from an intrinsic data instability problem due to directly-accessed data storage nodes during a read operation. Noise margins of memory cells further shrink with increasing variability and decreasing power supply voltage in scaled CMOS technologies. Triple-threshold-voltage seven-transistor (7T), eight-transistor (8T), and nine-transistor (9T) SRAM cells are characterized for layout area, data stability, write voltage margin, idle mode leakage currents, data access speed, and active power consumption considering process parameter fluctuations in a TSMC 65 nm CMOS technology in this paper. The single-ended and differential read / write schemes are also compared for data access speed and power consumption in SRAM circuits.
International study on inter-reader variability for circulating tumor cells in breast cancer (2014)

The inter-reader agreement for CTC definition was high. Reduced agreement was observed in M0 patients with low CTC counts. Continuous training and independent image review are required.
Expression of Lacto Series Type 2 Antigens in Human Renal Cell Carcinoma and Its Clinical Significance (1989)

We performed immunohistochemical examination of serial sections of human fetal and adult renal tissue as well as human renal carcinoma tissue, using monoclonal antibodies T5A7, 1B2, FH2, FH4, and FH6. These monoclonal antibodies were directed to lacto series type 2 antigens with sugar-chain structures: lactosylceramide, lactoneotetraosylceramide (paragloboside), Lex (a chemically well-defined fucosyl carbohydrate antigen), difucosyl Lex, and sialosyl-difucosyl Lex, respectively. The staining pattern in fetal renal tissue changed significantly according to the stage of organogenesis. In addition, expression of the antigens, especially paragloboside and sialosyl-difucosyl Lex, was closely related to the prognosis of the patient. These results suggest that the expression of a series of oncofetal antigens in development or differentiation of organs is reflected in the reversion to an immature pattern of antigenic expression in tumor tissue. The pattern of antigen expression in renal tumors offers a good criterion for ascertaining the degree of tumor differentiation and malignancy and is valuable for determining prognosis.
Inter-individual variability amplified through breeding reveals control of reward-related action strategies by Melanocortin-4 Receptor in the dorsomedial striatum (2022)

In day-to-day life, we often must choose between pursuing familiar behaviors or adjusting behaviors when new strategies might be more fruitful. The dorsomedial striatum (DMS) is indispensable for arbitrating between old and new action strategies. To uncover molecular mechanisms, we trained mice to generate nose poke responses for food, then uncoupled the predictive relationship between one action and its outcome. We then bred the mice that failed to rapidly modify responding. This breeding created offspring with the same tendencies, failing to inhibit behaviors that were not reinforced. These mice had less post-synaptic density protein 95 in the DMS. Also, densities of the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), a high-affinity receptor for α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, predicted individuals' response strategies. Specifically, high MC4R levels were associated with poor response inhibition. We next found that reducing Mc4r in the DMS in otherwise typical mice expedited response inhibition, allowing mice to modify behavior when rewards were unavailable or lost value. This process required inputs from the orbitofrontal cortex, a brain region canonically associated with response strategy switching. Thus, MC4R in the DMS appears to propel reward-seeking behavior, even when it is not fruitful, while moderating MC4R presence increases the capacity of mice to inhibit such behaviors.
Phospholipid fatty acid-derived microbial biomass and community dynamics in hot, hydrothermally influenced sediments from Middle Valley, Juan De Fuca Ridge (2000)

Phospholipid fatty acids were measured in samples of 60°–130°C sediment taken from three holes at Site 1036 (Ocean Drilling Program Leg 169) to determine microbial community structure and possible community replacement at high temperatures. Five of six samples had similar concentrations of phospholipid fatty acids (2–6 pmol/g dry weight of sediment), and biomass estimates from these measurements compare favorably with direct microscopic counts, lending support to previous microscopic measures of deep sedimentary biomass. Very long-chain phospholipid fatty acids (21 to 30 carbons) were detected in the sediment and were up to half the total phospholipid fatty acid measured; they appear to increase in abundance with temperature, but their significance is not known. Community composition from lipid analysis showed that samples contained standard eubacterial membrane lipids but no detectable archaeal lipids, though archaea would be expected to dominate the samples at high temperatures. Cluster analysis of Middle Valley phospholipid fatty acid compositions shows that lipids in Middle Valley sediment samples are similar to each other at all temperatures, with the exception of very long-chain fatty acids. The data neither support nor deny a shift to a high-temperature microbial com1Summit, M., Peacock, A., Ringelberg, D., White, D.C., and Baross, J.A., 2000. Phospholipid fatty acid-derived microbial biomass and community dynamics in hot, hydrothermally influenced sediments from Middle Valley, Juan De Fuca Ridge. In Zierenberg, R.A., Fouquet, Y., Miller, D.J., Normark, W.R. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 169 1–19 [Online]. Available from World Wide Web: . [Cited YYYY-MM-DD] 2Oceanography Box 357940, University of Washington, Seattle WA
Wavefield-based regularization of multicomponent seismic data (2017)

Data interpolation/regularization is needed prior to migration and inversion for acquisition with large data gaps. In the last decade, Minimum Weighted Norm Interpolation (MWNI), which is a spectral density based algorithm, has emerged as a powerful interpolation technique. Till date, most of the MWNI demonstrations have been on single component datasets. In this paper we argue that MWNI may be inherently better suited to multicomponent datasets. The underlying assumption is that the vertical component data records both primary and mode-converted energy which, in certain geological conditions, may interfere to create conflicting move-out dips. Consequently, presence of conflicting dips within the interpolation window degrades interpolation. We show that with multicomponent datasets, the wavefield can be decomposed such that one of the decomposed gather is dominated by primary energy and another(s) is/are dominated by mode-converted energy. MWNI of the mode-decomposed gathers lead to better quality results. We have demonstrated this idea on two synthetic datasets, one from a layered model and another from the Marmousi model. Ongoing work tests the application on real data. Presentation Date: Wednesday, September 27, 2017 Start Time: 11:25 AM Location: Exhibit Hall C/D Presentation Type: POSTER
Synthesis of novel S- and O-disaccharide analogs of heparan sulfate for heparanase inhibition (2022)

Heparan sulfate (HS), a glycosaminoglycan related to heparin, is a linear polysaccharide, consisting of repeating disaccharide units. This compound is involved in multiple biological processes such as inflammation, coagulation, angiogenesis and viral infections. Our work focuses on the synthesis of simple HS analogs for the study of structure-activity relationships, with the aim of modulating these biological activities. Thioglycoside analogs, in which the interglycosidic oxygen is replaced by a sulfur atom, are very interesting compounds in terms of therapeutic applications. Indeed, the thioglycosidic bond leads to an improvement of their stability and can allow the inhibition of enzymes involved in physiological and pathological processes. In our previous work, we developed a synthetic sequence which led to a non-sulfated thiodisaccharide analog of HS. In this paper, we report our results of the development of a new synthetic method allowing access to the novel sulfated <i>S</i>-disaccharide, as well as to their oxygenated analogues (<i>O</i>-disaccharide and sulfated <i>O</i>-disaccharide). These 4 compounds were also tested for the inhibition of heparanase, an enzyme involved in biological processes like tumor growth and inflammation. The obtained IC<sub>50</sub> values in the micromolar range showed the impact of the interglycosidic sulfur atom and the 6-sulfate group.
Supplementing Dried Distillers Grains to Steers Grazing Cool Season Meadow (2010)

Two experiments evaluated the performance response of supplementing dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) to steers grazing cool season meadow. Steers were supplemented 0.0 or 0.6% of BW in Exp. 1, and 0.0, 0.6, or 1.2% of BW in Exp. 2. In Exp. 1, supplemented steers had 0.13 lb/day greater ADG. In Exp. 2, there was a linear response to supplementation level, with steers supplemented 1.2% of BW having greatest ADG. Diet samples indicate the differences were due to increased energy and not increased protein intake.
La reforma de la LECrim. y la seguridad pública (2004)

Auxin-dependent cell expansion is crucial for initiation of fiber cells in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), which ultimately determines fiber yield and quality. However, the regulation of this process is far from being well understood. In this study, we demonstrate an antagonistic effect between cytokinin (CK) and auxin on cotton fiber initiation. In vitro and in planta experiments indicate that enhanced CK levels can reduce auxin accumulation in the ovule integument, which may account for the defects in the fiberless mutant xu142fl. In turn, supplementation with auxin can recover fiber growth of CK-treated ovules and mutant ovules. We further found that GhPIN3a is a key auxin transporter for fiber-cell initiation and is polarly localized to the plasma membranes of non-fiber cells, but not to those of fiber cells. This polar localization allows auxin to be transported within the ovule integument while specifically accumulating in fiber cells. We show that CKs antagonize the promotive effect of auxin on fiber cell initiation by undermining asymmetric accumulation of auxin in the ovule epidermis through down-regulation of GhPIN3a and disturbance of the polar localization of the protein.
ADDITION OF DERIVATIVES OF CHLORINATED ACETIC ACIDS TO OLEFINS (1945)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTADDITION OF DERIVATIVES OF CHLORINATED ACETIC ACIDS TO OLEFINSM. S. Kharasch, W. H. Urry, and Elwood V. JensenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1945, 67, 9, 1626Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1945https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01225a517https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01225a517research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views651Altmetric-Citations106LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Role of σ,π-Digold(I) Alkyne Complexes in Reactions of Enynes (2017)

Gold(I) acetylide and σ,π-digold(I) alkyne complexes derived from one prototypical 1,6-enyne and from 7-ethynyl-1,3,5-cycloheptatriene have been prepared and structurally characterized. Their possible role in gold(I)-catalyzed cycloisomerizations has been studied by experiment and by DFT calculations. Gold(I) acetylides are totally unproductive complexes in the absence of Brønsted acids. Similarly, no cyclizations were observed by heating σ,π-digold(I) alkyne digold(I) at least up to 130 °C. Theoretical studies provide a rationale for the much lower reactivity of digold species in reactions of enynes.
Data from PRPS-ST: A Protocol-Agnostic Self-training Method for Gene Expression–Based Classification of Blood Cancers (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Gene expression classifiers are gaining increasing popularity for stratifying tumors into subgroups with distinct biological features. A fundamental limitation shared by current classifiers is the requirement for comparable training and testing datasets. Here, we describe a self-training implementation of our probability ratio-based classification prediction score method (PRPS-ST), which facilitates the porting of existing classification models to other gene expression datasets. In comparison with gold standards, we demonstrate favorable performance of PRPS-ST in gene expression–based classification of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) using a diverse variety of gene expression data types and preprocessing methods, including in classifications with a high degree of class imbalance. Tumors classified by our method were significantly enriched for prototypical genetic features of their respective subgroups. Interestingly, this included cases that were unclassifiable by established methods, implying the potential enhanced sensitivity of PRPS-ST.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;The adoption of binary classifiers such as cell of origin (COO) has been thwarted, in part, by the challenges imposed by batch effects and continual evolution of gene expression technologies. PRPS-ST resolves this by enabling classifiers to be ported across platforms while retaining high accuracy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 215&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Investigation of the Hot Deformation Behavior in VDM® Alloy 780 by In Situ High-Energy X-Ray Diffraction (2023)

Abstract Ni-based superalloys are indispensable for applications in demanding environments, such as the heavily stressed rotating discs in the hot sections of modern gas turbines or jet engines. In this paper, the microstructure evolution during hot deformation to mimic the forging process was investigated in the polycrystalline VDM® Alloy 780 via in situ X-ray diffraction at temperatures of 950, 1000, and 1050 °C. For the tested temperatures, the hot forming led to subgrain formation, the built-up of a texture by rotation of the matrix grains into preferred orientations, and dynamic recrystallization. The influence of the deformation was analyzed depending on the direction of the lattice plane normals to the load direction, for the first five γ -reflections in the diffraction pattern. During uniaxial compressive deformation intensity, maxima develop in the loading direction solely for the γ -(220) reflections, while intensity minima develop for the other reflections which correspond to the formation of a &lt;110&gt; fiber texture. In the transverse direction, all γ -reflections except the (220) have an increased intensity at the maximum specimen strain of 20 pct. Directly after the hot forming, three different cooling rates of 10, 100, and 1000 °C/min and their influence on the microstructure were investigated. The fast and medium cooling rates lead to low recrystallized fractions and a largely preserved deformation texture, whereas the low cooling rate leads to a high recrystallized fraction and a slight remaining texture. Additionally, the diffraction data are complemented by electron microscopy measurements.
Frameless Stereotactic Guidance (1995)

The authors believe this technique represents a significant advance over standard radiographic intraoperative localization techniques during transoral approaches to the ventral cervicomedullary junction for patients in whom the odontoid is fixed in position in relation to the clivus. This is based on the speed with which localization can be obtained, the accuracy of the information provided, the ability to obtain localization in multiple planes simultaneously, and the lack of radiation exposure during the procedure.
Retinobenzoic acids. 4. Conformation of aromatic amides with retinoidal activity. Importance of trans-amide structure for the activity (1989)

N-Methylation of two retinoidal amide compounds, 4-[(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)carbamoyl]benz oic acid (3, Am80) and 4-[[(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2- naphthalenyl)carbonyl]amino]benzoic acid (5, Am580), resulted in the disappearance of their potent differentiation-inducing activity on human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60. Studies with 1H NMR and UV spectroscopy indicated that large conformational differences exist between the active secondary amides and the inactive N-methyl amides. From a comparison of the spectroscopic results of these amides with those of stilbene derivatives, the conformations of the active amides are expected to resemble that of (E)-stilbene, whereas the inactive amides resemble the Z isomer: 3 (Am80) and 5 (Am580) have a trans-amide bond and their whole structures are elongated, while the N-methylated compounds [4 (Am90) and 6 (Am590)] have a cis-amide bond, resulting in the folding of the two benzene rings. These structures in the crystals were related to those in solution by 13C NMR spectroscopic comparison between the two phases (solid and solution).