gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 3D imaging sensor for mobile manipulation (2012)

This paper aims to propose a robust invisible near-infrared (NIR) structured-light 3D sensor to identify the location of the picked-and-placed object for a mobile manipulator. The NIR 3D sensor consists of a gobo commercial projector and two off-the-shelf monochrome camera with NIR pass filter. Taking advantage of the NIR light, the negative influences of both object texture and ambient light are significantly reduced. The geometric feature-based pattern utilizes the customized design chessboard corner as the primitive of the one-shot pattern. The designed pattern has the ability to measure the target distance regardless of the target texture and occlusion. The prototype of proposed sensor is implemented and installed on the manipulator, and then experiments were conducted to evaluate the robustness and accuracy of the proposed 3D sensor using the proposed one-shot pattern. The results demonstrate that the efficiency of the developed NIR 3D sensor used for grasping manipulation.
Plant Based Bioactive Compounds as an Alternative for Cancer Therapy (2019)

Medicinal Plants have been known to be one of the oldest and most consistent sources for the production of novel drugs. Utilization of plant extracts as drugs can be attributed to their chemical and structural diversity along with their ability to interact with different biological targets in the cell. Moreover, they act as huge reservoirs for the phytochemicals which provide defense against a number of diseases. Cost effectiveness along with lesser adverse effects, allowed natural plants to be used as an alternative to conventional strategies for cancer treatment. Extracts from different natural plants have also been explored in the treatment of infectious diseases. The present chapter emphasizes on the use of plant extracts and their purified compound as cancer therapeutics. Cancer is one of the major causes of mortality worldwide. Owing to several limitations of current treatment regimens of cancer, the attention of researchers has been drawn towards exploration of natural sources. Herein, we will focus majorly on bioactive compounds as therapeutic agents for cancer treatment with emphasis on their other possible beneficiary roles.
Insider Threat Event Detection in User-System Interactions (2017)

Detection of insider threats relies on monitoring individuals and their interactions with organizational resources. Identification of anomalous insiders typically relies on supervised learning models that use labeled data. However, such labeled data is not easily obtainable. The labeled data that does exist is also limited by current insider threat detection methods and undetected insiders would not be included. These models also inherently assume that the insider threat is not rapidly evolving between model generation and use of the model in detection. Yet there is a large body of research that illustrates that the insider threat changes significantly after some types of precipitating events, such as layoffs, significant restructuring, and plant or facility closure. To capture this temporal evolution of user-system interactions, we use an unsupervised learning framework to evaluate whether potential insider threat events are triggered following precipitating events. The analysis leverages a bipartite graph of user and system interactions. The approach shows a clear correlation between precipitating events and the number of apparent anomalies. The results of our empirical analysis show a clear shift in behaviors after events which have previously been shown to increase insider activity, specifically precipitating events. We argue that this metadata about the level of insider threat behaviors validates the potential of the approach. We apply our method to a dataset that comprises interactions between engineers and software components in an enterprise version control system spanning more than 22 years. We use this unlabeled dataset and automatically detect statistically significant events. We show that there is statistically significant evidence that a subset of users diversify their committing behavior after precipitating events have been announced. Although these findings do not constitute detection of insider threat events per se, they do identify patterns of potentially malicious high-risk insider behavior. They reinforce the idea that insider operations can be motivated by the insiders' environment. Our proposed framework outperforms algorithms based on naive random approaches and algorithms using volume dependent statistics. This graph mining technique has potential for early detection of insider threat behavior in user-system interactions independent of the volume of interactions. The proposed method also enables organizations without a corpus of identified insider threats to train its own anomaly detection system.
Differential Effects of Substrate on Type I and Type II PKA Holoenzyme Dissociation (2004)

It has been widely accepted that cAMP activates the protein kinase A (PKA) holoenzyme by dissociating the regulatory and catalytic subunits, thus freeing the catalytic subunit to phosphorylate its targets. However, recent experiments suggest that cAMP does not fully dissociate the holoenzyme. Here, we investigate this mechanism further by using small-angle X-ray scattering to study, at physiological enzyme concentrations, the type Ialpha and type IIbeta holoenzyme structures under equilibrium solution conditions without any labeling of the protein subunits. We observe that while the addition of a molar excess of cAMP to the type Ialpha PKA holoenzyme causes partial dissociation, it is only upon addition of a PKA peptide substrate together with cAMP that full dissociation occurs. Similarly, addition of excess cAMP to the type IIbeta holoenzyme causes only a partial dissociation. However, while the addition of peptide substrate as well as excess cAMP causes somewhat more dissociation, a significant percentage of intact type IIbeta holoenzyme remains. These results confirm that both the type Ialpha and the type IIbeta holoenzymes are more stable in the presence of cAMP than previously thought. They also demonstrate that substrate plays a differential role in the activation of type I versus type II holoenzymes, which could explain some important functional differences between PKA isoforms. On the basis of these data and other recently published data, we propose a structural model of type I holoenzyme activation by cAMP.
A Synchronized Computational Architecture For Generalized Bilateral Control Of Robot Arms (1987)

This paper describes a computational architecture for an interconnected high speed distributed computing system for generalized bilateral control of robot arms. The key method of the architecture is the use of fully synchronized, interrupt driven software. Since an objective of the development is to utilize the processing resources efficiently, the synchronization is done in the hardware level to reduce system software overhead. The architecture also achieves a balanced load on the communication channel. The paper also describes some architectural relations to trading or sharing manual and automatic control.
In vitro and in vivo activity of a hypotoxic copper(I) complex against dermotropic Leishmania species (2021)

ABSTRACT Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania and, currently, the treatment of first choice is meglumine antimoniate. However, due to its limited effectiveness and high toxicity, it is necessary to seek new active principles for leishmaniasis treatment. Metal complexes are gaining importance due to their effectiveness and low toxicity. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antileishmanial activity of the hypotoxic copper(I) complex [HB(pz)3]Cu(PCN). Four dermotropic species of Leishmania were tested with the metal complex and its effectiveness was determined through parasitic viability and infectivity rate, and cytotoxicity was determined using a redox dye (resazurin). For the in vivo tests, hamsters were infected and the lesions treated with a formulated ointment containing the complex, the effectiveness of which was assessed by measuring the diameter of the inoculum/snout location and determining the parasitic load. The results demonstrated moderate toxicity in murine macrophages and human monocytes and better efficacy in Leishmania (V.) braziliensis when compared to the other species tested, with a 50% reduction in the viability of promastigote and amastigote forms (in vitro). General data from daily topical treatment for up to 30 days showed low efficacy for reducing lesions, and no clinical and parasitological cure was observed in the experimental animals. Thus, the [HB(pz)3]Cu(PCN) complex proved to be promising in in vitro studies against L. (V.) braziliensis, and should be further tested in new formulations and new experimental treatment schemes.
Practical Application of the LES Method to Mixing in Large Indoor Spaces (2005)

The scope of protecting public venues in the U.S. is staggering in the areas of money, time and experience at doing this sort of thing. Derivation of protection strategies for the building infrastructure will necessarily involve a combination of experiments and computer simulations to provide confidence in building design or retrofit before the needed dollars and time are committed. Computer simulation can be less costly and be performed in shorter times than experiments even when the building of interest is quite large and thus, will be used extensively now and in the future for building protection design. This paper specifically targets the accuracy and application of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) codes for prediction of mixing behavior. The ability to determine the nature, make correct identification and quantify the amount of a release from a chemical or biological weapon (CBW) relies in part on understanding the underlying physics of air propagation throughout the domain. Specifically, we must understand the rates at which a contaminant may mix throughout the domain. Turbulent mixing is a function of the range of spatial and temporal scales found in the domain, i.e., the large scale eddies (on the size of the domain) advecting the contaminant, the small scale eddies (inertial range) “mixing” the contaminant as it is being advected and the time scales corresponding to these eddy sizes. The widely used Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) numerical modeling methods cannot capture the time dependent motions which are responsible for a significant amount of mixing. The Large Eddy Simulation (LES) method is based on simulating the turbulent fluctuations that can be resolved by the mesh while the smaller eddies are modeled. The LES method can produce more information about the nature of the flow field than RANS. This paper discusses the application of the LES method, specifically an LES/DES (Detached Eddy Simulation) coupled method, to simulate mixing in a realistically scaled fictitious airport. Application of the LES method such as determination of what eddy size to resolve, transient startup effects, determination of eddy turnover time and others are discussed. This research is sponsored by Department of Homeland Security under Air Force Contract F19628-00-C-0002. The views expressed are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or procedure of the United States Government.
Stress and coping among mothers of cerebral palsy clients with a view to prepare a management protocol (2013)

The purpose of the study to assess the stress and coping among the mothers of children with cerebral palsy. Children with cerebral palsy display prominent motor dysfunction associated with other developmental disorders. Parenting a child with cerebral palsy presents a number of challenges and stress. The children with CP, parents are heavily involved in self care activities which may add an additional challenges and stress to the parents. The incidence of cerebral palsy is about 2 per 1000 live births. The study was conducted in selected rehabilitation institutes in Amritsar. The study sample comprising 150 mothers of cerebral palsy children. Subjects were selected with the snowball sampling method. The research design used was descriptive design. Each subject was evaluated using Berry parental stress scale for stress and 5 point Likert’s scale for coping. The majority of mothers 80% were with moderate level of stress, 20% were with severe stress and no mothers were with mild level of stress, the majority of mothers 34.6% were with moderate level of coping, 33.3% were with low level of coping and only 32.1 % were with high level of stress. The highest level of coping with the mean percentage around 80 % was in the aspect of sleep. A negative correlation was found between stress and coping among mothers. There is significant association between Age of the child (χ 2 = 8.52), Gender of the child (χ 2 = 8.52), Occupation (χ 2 = 3.91), Type of family (χ 2 = 10.55), Number of children (χ 2 = 39.7) and level of stress. There is significant association between Income of the parent (χ 2 = 18.8), No of the children (χ 2 = 11.5) and level of coping. Mother who had higher level of stress in caring their children with cerebral palsy were not following adequate coping strategy so, the investigator concluded that there is a need to develop management protocol, in that management protocol encourage the mothers to find ways for the child to interact with the environment to promote development and early interventions can helps the mothers to learn and meet their Childs special needs such as physical, occupational, speech therapy and educational needs. The nurse can helps the mothers to meet these needs of the child with cerebral palsy in preschool, offices, clinics and other setting and nurse can refer to them to appropriate support group to an organization private as well as government in India for the cerebral palsy children.
Assessment of H.264 video compression on automated face recognition performance in surveillance and mobile video scenarios (2010)

We assess the impact of the H.264 video codec on the match performance of automated face recognition in surveillance and mobile video applications. A set of two hundred access control (90 pixel inter-pupilary distance) and distance surveillance (45 pixel inter-pupilary distance) videos taken under non-ideal imaging and facial recognition (e.g., pose, illumination, and expression) conditions were matched using two commercial face recognition engines in the studies. The first study evaluated automated face recognition performance on access control and distance surveillance videos at CIF and VGA resolutions using the H.264 baseline profile at nine bitrates rates ranging from 8kbs to 2048kbs. In our experiments, video signals were able to be compressed up to 128kbs before a significant drop face recognition performance occurred. The second study evaluated automated face recognition on mobile devices at QCIF, iPhone, and Android resolutions for each of the H.264 PDA profiles. Rank one match performance, cumulative match scores, and failure to enroll rates are reported.
Economic comparison of enzyme immunoassay and virus isolation procedures for surveillance of arboviruses in mosquito populations (1987)

Cost-effectiveness analysis of an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the surveillance of arboviruses was conducted. The EIA was compared with conventional virus isolation and serologic identification procedures (virus isolation procedures; VIP). Under most circumstances, EIA was more cost-effective than VIP. Costs for processing mosquito pools by VIP increased with the number of viruses included in the surveillance program and with the prevalence rate of each virus. In contrast to VIP, the prevalence rate did not affect costs for processing pools by EIA. In general, EIA was the most cost-effective procedure, followed by cell culture and mouse bioassays. In a 5-year cost-effectiveness analysis of a model surveillance program in which EIA and cell culture bioassays were used, the EIA again proved to be the most cost-effective assay procedure under most circumstances.
Multimode optical waveguides with graded refractive index: theory of power launching (1976)

The power launching into multimode optical fibers with any profile of refractive index is analyzed by means of the geometrical optics. First two formulas of the numerical aperture are obtained, one including and the other excluding the contribution of leaky skew rays. Each one of these two numerical apertures has a certain domain of application, and the launching efficiencies from incoherent sources into optical fibers are calculated in both cases. Useful formulas and plots of launching efficiency for a few refractive index profiles are given. Finally the power losses due to source-fiber coupling errors (separation, displacement, or misalignment) are evaluated, and an interesting effect of virtual lengthening of the fiber is found.
Preparation and Characterization of Salt Forms of Enalapril (2008)

Selection of an optimal salt form of a drug candidate is a vital component of preformulation stage of drug development. In this study, six salts of enalapril--citrate, mesylate, tartrate, malate, besylate and tosylate--were prepared and characterized by Mass Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Thermogravimetric Analysis, Microscopy, Powder X-ray Diffraction, Karl Fischer Titration, High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Fourier-Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy and Head Space Gas Chromatography. All the six salts were subjected to a tiered screening involving five stages in the following order: crystallinity, hygroscopicity, solubility, stability and flow/compactability. Enalapril malate showed encouraging profile because of its lower hygroscopicity, higher solubility, good solid state stability, and better flow and compactability, in comparison to the marketed maleate salt.
Supplementary Figure from Temozolomide Treatment Alters Mismatch Repair and Boosts Mutational Burden in Tumor and Blood of Colorectal Cancer Patients (2023)

Supplementary Figure from Temozolomide Treatment Alters Mismatch Repair and Boosts Mutational Burden in Tumor and Blood of Colorectal Cancer Patients
N,N′-Dialkylcystine Gemini and Monomeric N-Alkyl Cysteine Surfactants as Corrosion Inhibitors on Mild Steel Corrosion in 1 M HCl Solution: A Comparative Study (2017)

Gemini surfactant, <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>'-dialkylcystine 2(C<sub>12</sub>Cys), derived from cystine, and a monomeric <i>N</i>-alkyl cysteine counterpart, (C<sub>12</sub>Cys), were synthesized and purified. The characterization of surfactants 2(C<sub>12</sub>Cys) and (C<sub>12</sub>Cys) was made by Fourier transform infrared, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, and elemental analysis. The effect of 2(C<sub>12</sub>Cys) and (C<sub>12</sub>Cys) on mild steel (MS) corrosion in 1 M HCl solution was explored as a function of their concentration and electrolyte temperature by means of gravimetric and electrochemical experiments (potentiodynamic polarization and Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy), surface analytical techniques (scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) and atomic force microscopy (AFM)) and theoretical study. The investigated compounds exhibited surface active properties and performed as good inhibitors for corrosion control of mild steel (MS) in acid solution. However, compared to monomeric (C<sub>12</sub>Cys), Gemini surfactant 2(C<sub>12</sub>Cys) showed high corrosion inhibiting ability at very low concentration. The EIS results revealed a greater charge transfer resistance in 2(C<sub>12</sub>Cys) solution compared to that in (C<sub>12</sub>Cys) solution. SEM/EDAX observations validate the development of an inhibitive film by the adsorbed molecules of surfactant on the MS surface. The AFM micrographs supported the SEM/EDAX results and exhibited a lowering in the roughness of the corroded MS surface in the presence of both (C<sub>12</sub>Cys) and 2(C<sub>12</sub>Cys) surfactants. Further, quantum chemical calculations and Monte Carlo simulations were used to study the dependence of corrosion inhibiting efficacy on the molecular structure and adsorption strength.
A Review Of Computer-Assisted Photo Interpretation Research At USAETL (1987)

A program in computer-assisted photo interpretation research (CAPIR) was initiated at the U.S. Army Engineer Topographic Laboratories (USAETL) in 1979. The primary objective was to develop and implement concepts to increase the productivity of the human photo interpreter tasked with extracting terrain data from aerial imagery. Early efforts focused on implementation of interactive software for direct capture of digital map data from stereo mapping and reconnaissance photography. The development of a hardcopy stereo workstation with integral computer graphic superposition has been essential to provide a suitable interactive, closed-loop environment for the photo interpreter. This paper provides a brief introduction to the problem domain of terrain analysis and outlines the evolution of the CAPIR program emphasizing the special requirements for an effective man-machine interface. The application of current CAPIR technology to typical terrain data capture problems is discussed with selected examples of technology transfer and examples of new commercial photogrammetric instrumentation incorporating graphic superposition capabilities. Opportunities to extend CAPIR concepts to softcopy terrain analysis based on adaptation of digital image processing technology are then presented. Digital image source materials and potential softcopy processing advantages are discussed and key requirements for effective softcopy terrain analysis are summarized.
Acoustic Measurements of Perforated Liners in Hot and Pressurized Flow (2013)

Thermo-acoustic instabilities in gas turbine combustors can prevent the implementation of modern combustion concepts, which are essential for higher efficiency and lower emissions. Perforated combustor liners, especially in combination with a bias flow through the liner, are able to suppress the instabilities by increasing the acoustic losses of the system. Some insight into the parameter dependencies of the acoustic absorption has been gained by means of atmospheric testing at ambient temperature. The next step towards realistic testing conditions is taking into account high temperature and high pressure, which increases the effort of the experimental tests and the complexity of their analysis significantly. Tests in a real combustor can serve as a quality check of a given liner design, but are not appropriate for parameter studies. So far, numerical models accurate enough to enable the design of hot stream liners are simply not available, so that the experimental investigation of the liner’s dependency on temperature and pressure is essential for the transfer of laboratory scale results to a real engine application. A new test rig has been designed to overcome these problems. The Hot Acoustic Test rig (HAT) enables the study of the influence of pressure and temperature on the damping performance in an acoustically well defined environment, although the high temperature and high pressure conditions are challenging in terms of accurate acoustic measurements. This paper introduces the Hot Acoustic Test rig with its features and limitations and shows first examples of test results. The focus lies on the hardware, instrumentation, and analysis techniques that are necessary to obtain high quality acoustic data in hot and pressurized flow environments.
Human papillomavirus detection in women with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection in Colombia (2014)

The HIV-1 positive population in this study had high multiple HPV infection prevalence. The results for this population group also suggested a greater association between HPV-DNA presence and cytological findings. HPV detection, together with low CD4 count, could represent useful tools for identifying HIV-positive women at risk of developing cervical lesions.