gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Skin lightening products are a part of everyday life in many parts of the world. Corticosteroids, hydroquinone and mercury are common ingredients]. (2015)

During the past decade, attention has been drawn towards the globally increased usage of skin-lightening (bleaching) products which are manufactured and sold, particularly in Africa and Asia, but also via the internet and in local shops all over North America and Europe. The active ingredients include hydroquinone, mercury and potent corticosteroids which can have severe health effects. After investigating a patient at our clinic where the symptoms and findings could be linked to the use of bleaching products, we started to search the literature for similar cases. We found a global epidemic of health disorders related to skin lightening products. With this article we want to increase the awareness among Swedish physicians of this growing and harmful cosmetic trend.
Positioning and photo-mosaicking with long image sequences; comparison of selected methods (2002)

Despite limited range, high resolution and data rate are among factors motivating the investigation of vision-based technologies in support of unmanned submersible platform operations. Among many, automatic vision-guided station keeping, localization and navigation, photo-mosaicking and 3D mapping comprise application areas of special interest. The core issue in realizing these capabilities is to know with high accuracy the motion and (or) position of the vehicle. Over the last decade, a small, but growing, group of research centers have committed an extensive effort in underwater vision activities. Methods based on various approaches in motion vision- e.g., correlation-based, feature-based, optical flow-based, or direct are being developed and implemented in support of different applications on specialized platforms that may simultaneously utilize other sensors for positioning. This makes it somewhat difficult, for user groups unfamiliar with the methodologies or technologies, to evaluate the capabilities of these vision systems. The main motivation for this work was to carry out and report the results of experiments with various techniques for positioning and mosaicking, on the same data set.
Corrosion control in the aerospace industry (2009)

Nearly all metals and their alloys are subject to corrosion that causes them to lose their structural integrity or other critical functionality. It is essential to detect corrosion when it occurs, and preferably at its early stage, so that action can be taken to avoid structural damage or loss of function. Protective coatings are the most commonly used method of corrosion control. However, progressively stricter environmental regulations have resulted in the ban of many commercially available corrosion protective coatings due to the harmful effects of their solvents or corrosion inhibitors. This work concerns the development of a multifunctional, smart coating for the autonomous control of corrosion. This coating is being developed to have the inherent ability to detect the chemical changes associated with the onset of corrosion and respond autonomously to indicate it and control it..
Using control theory to achieve service level objectives in performance management (2002)

A widely used approach to achieving service level objectives for a software system (e.g., an email server) is to add a controller that manipulates the target system's tuning parameters. We describe a methodology for designing such controllers for software systems that builds on classical control theory. The classical approach proceeds in two steps: system identification and controller design. In system identification, we construct mathematical models of the target system. Traditionally, this has been based on a first-principles approach, using detailed knowledge of the target system. Such models can be complex and difficult to build, validate, use, and maintain. In our methodology, a statistical (ARMA) model is fit to historical measurements of the target being controlled. These models are easier to obtain and use and allow us to apply control-theoretic design techniques to a larger class of systems. When applied to a Lotus Notes groupware server, we obtain model fits with R/sup 2/ no lower than 75% and as high as 98%. In controller design, an analysis of the models leads to a controller that will achieve the service level objectives. We report on an analysis of a closed-loop system using an integral control law with Lotus Notes as the target. The objective is to maintain a reference queue length. Using root-locus analysis from control theory, we are able to predict the occurrence (or absence) of controller-induced oscillations in the system's response. Such oscillations are undesirable since they increase variability, thereby resulting in a failure to meet the service level objective. We implement this controller for a real Lotus Notes system, and observe a remarkable correspondence between the behavior of the real system and the predictions of the analysis. This indicates that the control theoretic analysis is sufficient to select controller parameters that meet the desired goals, and the need for simulations is reduced.
Modular charge recycling pass transistor logic(MCRPL) (2000)

Modular charge recycling pass transistor logic (MCRPL) based on the charge recycling concept and a modular circuit design methodology is proposed for high speed and low power applications. In an 8 bit comparator, MCRPL improves the power-delay product over that obtained using dynamic differential cascode voltage switch (DCVS) logic and half-rail differential logic (HRDL) by 53 and 30%, respectively.
Between Nostalgia and Activism: Iranian Australian Poetry and Cinema (2012)

Abstract: This article examines the work of Iranian Australian writers Granaz Moussavi and Roshanak Amrein. Moussavi is best known among English-speakers for her film My Tehran For Sale (2009), an Iranian-Australian co-production, and among Persian-speakers for her poetry. Amrein is known for her poetic representations of the experiences of Baha’i refugees in and from Iran, especially her translated volume One Million Flights (2010). In this article I focus on the different transnational and formal contexts in which Moussavi and Amrein write, as well as the different ways their texts represent notions of Iran and Australia. I argue that My Tehran For Sale and One Million Flights, especially when read in juxtaposition, serve to reposition “Australia”, “Iran” and related narratives around “freedom” and “fairness”.
Keywords: Granaz Moussavi; Roshanak Amrein; Iran; transnational writing; Iranian Australian literature
Utilizing high-frequency 4-C downhole drillbit accelerometers to obtain mechanical rock properties in a series of controlled laboratory experiments (2018)

Validating critical assumptions with detailed laboratory study under controlled conditions is paramount to proving a concept in any scientific discipline. The evolving science of drillbit geomechanics, that is measurements of elastic rock properties taken at or near the drillbit via high-frequency accelerometers, requires several fundamental assumptions: 1) measured elastic rock properties are not a function of varying drilling parameters, for example weight on bit (WOB) or revolutions per minute (RPM); 2) measured forces and forces from accelerations are linear regardless of bit type, drilling conditions, and lithology; 3) scalar values for one rock type can be used to estimate the calculated rock properties for another rock type using the same bottom hole assembly (BHA). In this study we explored and ultimately validated these concepts using numerous controlled drilling tests on large rock blocks. These findings can be taken from the lab to the field to help E&P companies make informed drilling and completions decisions. Presentation Date: Tuesday, October 16, 2018 Start Time: 1:50:00 PM Location: 212A (Anaheim Convention Center) Presentation Type: Oral
Studies on 5′-Phosphodiesterases in Microorganisms (1961)

5′-Phosphodiesterase, which degrades RNA into nucleoside-5′-monophosphates but does not attack DNA, is present not only in mycelium but also in culture filtrate of Penicillium citrinum Thorn 1131. For the formation of this enzyme pH of the culture medium must be kept below 7.0 during culture, as this enzyme is inactivated rapidly in alkaline solution. The pH optimum of this enzyme is in the region of pH 5. Cysteine, Mg++, sodium fluoride, and inorganic ortho- or pyrophosphate are without appreciable effect on this enzyme. Nucleoside-5′-monophosphates, which have been regarded as new chemical seasonings, can be produced economically in a large scale by using the microbial 5′-phosphodiesterase.
HST1, a new member of the SIR2 family of genes (1996)

A novel Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene, HST1, was identified from among anonymous cDNAs and the complete corresponding genomic clone was isolated and sequenced. HST1 is very closely related to SIR2, showing 71% sequence identity over 84% of its length. Polymerase chain reaction with degenerate primers on S. cerevisiae DNA identified three additional SIR2-related genes designated HST2, HST3 and HST4. The sequences of HST2, HST3 and HST4 correspond to sequences previously released by the S. cerevisiae genome sequencing project as U33335, NCBI gi:965078; X87331, NCBI gi:829135; and Z48784, YD9346.03, respectively. Disruption of HST1 has shown no phenotype with respect to mechanisms in which SIR2 has a role, namely, regional silencing of HMLα, or in rDNA recombination. The sequence of HST1 has been deposited in the DDBJ, EMBL and GenBank at NCBI database under Accession Number L47120.
Frequency domain equalization for high data rate multipath channels (2002)

High data rate transmission over multipath channels requires equalizers of long impulse response. In such cases, frequency domain implementation of the block least mean square (BLMS) algorithm offers low complexity growth relative to time domain techniques. The work presented herein is devoted to a study of the fast BLMS (FBLMS) algorithm implemented in the frequency domain using overlap-save sectioning and the fast Fourier transform (FFT). We examine the bit error rate (BER) performance for high data rate quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) transmission over a multipath channel as well as the computational complexity of the FBLMS equalizer in comparison to the time domain implementation. Finally, we show how normalizing the step size of the FBLMS algorithm according to the power distribution of the input process results in a significant improvement in the equalizer convergence relative to the time domain methods.
Situated information spaces and spatially aware palmtop computers (1993)

Ubiquitous computing (see Weiser's article in this issue) will further these abilities and cause the generation of short-range and global electronic information spaces to appear lhroughout our everyday environments. How will this information be organized, and how will we interact with it?
Ultra-Elastic CGRAs for Irregular Loop Specialization (2021)

Reconfigurable accelerator fabrics, including coarse-grain reconfigurable arrays (CGRAs), have experienced a resurgence in interest because they allow fast-paced software algorithm development to continue evolving post-fabrication. CGRAs traditionally target regular workloads with data-level parallelism (e.g., neural networks, image processing), but once integrated into an SoC they remain idle and unused for irregular workloads. An emerging trend towards repurposing these idle resources raises important questions for how to efficiently map and execute general-purpose loops which may have irregular memory accesses, irregular control flow, and inter-iteration loop dependencies. Recent work has increasingly leveraged elasticity in CGRAs to mitigate the first two challenges, but elasticity alone does not address inter-iteration loop dependencies which can easily bottleneck overall performance. In this paper, we address all three challenges for irregular loop specialization and propose ultra-elastic CGRAs (UE-CGRAs), a novel elastic CGRA that accelerates true-dependency bottlenecks and saves energy in irregular loops by overcoming traditional VLSI challenges. UE-CGRAs allow configurable fine-grain dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) for each of potentially hundreds of tiny processing elements (PEs) in the CGRA, enabling chains of connected PEs to “rest” at lower voltages and frequencies to save energy, while other chains of connected PEs can “sprint” at higher voltages and frequencies to accelerate through true-dependency bottlenecks. UE-CGRAs rely on a novel ratiochronous clocking scheme carefully overlaid on the inter-PE elastic interconnect to enable low-latency crossings while remaining fully verifiable with commercial static timing analysis tools. We present the UE-CGRA analytical model, compiler, architectural template, and VLSI circuitry, and we demonstrate how UE-CGRAs can specialize for irregular loops and improve performance ($ 1.42-1.50\times$) or energy efficiency $(1.24-2.32\times)$ with reasonable area overhead compared to traditional inelastic and elastic CGRAs, while also improving performance ($ 1.35-3.38\times$) or energy efficiency (up to $1.53\times$) compared to a RISC-V core.
Application of disjunctive programming to the linear complementarity problem (1984)

Abstract In this article we address the question of developing deep cuts for disjunctive programs using rectilinear distance measures. The method is applied to linear complementarity problems where the matrix M need not be copositive plus. Some modifications that are needed as a computational expediency are discussed. The computation results for matrix M of size up to 30 × 30 are discussed.
Double aspheric imaging design with unconstrained object to image mapping (2015)

An imaging design approach for optical systems consisting of two aspheres which is free of astigmatism is presented in this paper. A set of implicit differential equations is derived from generalized ray tracing. The solution of the derived equations provides the profiles of the two aspheres as well as the object to image mapping. The obtained design can be used as a good starting point for optimization. Particular examples are given.
Re-Inventing the Wheel Or Adding One To the Headache Pathogenesis Vehicle (2001)

peer reviewed
Preoperative Local Staging of Esophageal Carcinoma Using Dual-Phase Contrast-Enhanced Imaging With Multi-Detector Row Computed Tomography (2010)

The arterial phase can improve the accuracy of T-staging of esophageal carcinomas, especially early-staged lesions.
Novel Inhibitors of HIV Integrase: The Discovery of Potential Anti-HIV Therapeutic Agents (2010)

The viral enzyme, HIV integrase (MW 32 kDa), is one of the three key enzymes of the pol gene of HIV. HIV integrase is involved in the integration of HIV DNA into host chromosomal DNA. There is apparently no functional equivalent of this enzyme in human cells. Integration of HIV DNA into the host cell genome apparently occurs by a carefully defined sequence of DNA tailoring (3'-processing) and coupling (joining or integration) reactions. In spite of some effort in this area targeted at the discovery of therapeutically useful inhibitors of this viral enzyme, there are no drugs for HIV/AIDS in clinical use where the mechanism of action is inhibition of HIV integrase. It is clear that new knowledge on inhibitors of this enzyme is of critical importance in the anti-HIV drug discovery area. This review focuses on the major classes of compounds that have been discovered as inhibitors of HIV integrase. Some of these compounds are nonspecific inhibitors of the enzyme while evidence suggests that others may possess some specificity. The various classes include nucleotides, oligonucleotides, dinucleotides, and miscellaneous small molecules including heterocyclic systems, natural products, diketo acids and sulfones. A major focus of the review is on discoveries from my laboratory in the area of non-natural, nuclease-resistant dinucleotide inhibitors of HIV integrase.
The Performance of Magnetic Tunnel Junction Integrated on the Back-End Metal Line of Complimentary Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Circuits (2010)

In this paper, we have described the complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS)/magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) integrated process technology; MTJs were fabricated on via metal with surface roughness of 0.3 nm with 0.14 µm CMOS process and 60 ×180 nm 2 MTJ process. It is shown that by this process technology, the fabricated MTJ on CMOS logic circuit plane achieves a large change in a resistance of 3.63 kΩ (anti-parallel) with the TMR ratio of 138% at room temperature, which is large enough for a sensing scheme of standard CMOS logic. Furthermore, we have successfully demonstrated the DC and AC operation of this MTJ with write transistors. As the results, our MTJ achieves high enough write/read performance with transistors for realizing MTJ-based logic circuits.
Modeling of transitions in Mn2+ doped ZnS nanocrystals and predicting reduced lasing threshold current density and enhanced electro-optic effects in ZnCdSe–ZnMgSSe and InGaN–AlGaN pseudomorphic quantum dots (1999)

A three-dimensional coupled-well excitonic model is presented to explain the observed shift in the photoluminescence excitation spectrum, emission peak from Mn2+ ions, and five-to-six orders reduction of radiative lifetime in ZnS:Mn2+(35 Å) doped nanocrystals. For pseudomorphic cladded nanocrystals such as ZnCdSe–ZnMgSSe, a modified excitonic model predicts enhancements in the absorption coefficient (α∼160 000 cm−1) and electric field-dependent index of refraction change (Δn/n∼0.1–0.2), and a significant reduction of radiative lifetime τr∼14.5 fs. Optical gain and threshold current density (Jth) are computed for ZnCdSe–ZnMgSSe and InGaN–AlGaN quantum dot lasers. In the case of InGaN–AlGaN quantum dot lasers, the effect of dislocation-induced traps, enhancement of optical gain due to excitonic transitions, and dot size are considered in the computation of Jth. It is shown that InGaN dots with larger cross sections (∼200×250 Å, such as self-organized dots) and consisting of a trap density of 2.9×1017 cm−3 yield Jth of 4500 A/cm2 in comparison to 136 A/cm2 for dots of size 35×35×35 Å. This explains the observation of higher current density in InGaN quantum well lasers having self-organized dots.
Ultrasound vibrometry using orthogonal- frequency-based vibration pulses (2013)

New vibration pulses are developed for shear wave generation in a tissue region with preferred spectral distributions for ultrasound vibrometry applications. The primary objective of this work is to increase the frequency range of detectable harmonics of the shear wave. The secondary objective is to reduce the required peak intensity of transmitted pulses that induce the vibrations and shear waves. Unlike the periodic binary vibration pulses, the new vibration pulses have multiple pulses in one fundamental period of the vibration. The pulses are generated from an orthogonal-frequency wave composed of several sinusoidal signals, the amplitudes of which increase with frequency to compensate for higher loss at higher frequency in tissues. The new method has been evaluated by studying the shear wave propagation in in vitro chicken and swine liver. The experimental results show that the new vibration pulses significantly increase tissue vibration with a reduced peak ultrasound intensity, compared with the binary vibration pulses.
Biotinylated erythrocytes: in vivo survival and in vitro recovery (1987)

Rabbit erythrocytes were biotinylated by reaction with N- hydroxysuccinimidobiotin; the average level of biotinylation was 25,000 molecules per erythrocyte. These biotinylated cells exhibited a normal survival rate when reinfused into rabbits. Two studies demonstrated that the biotin label was stable in vivo. The first was a double- labeling experiment where the biotinylated erythrocytes were also labeled with 14C-cyanate; on reinfusion, the loss of biotinylated erythrocytes and 14C-cyanate label occurred in unison. The second study demonstrated that biotinylated erythrocytes that had been reinfused into rabbits could later be selectively isolated by attachment to an avidin support. This technique will facilitate a variety of studies that require the ability to label a specific cohort of cells in vitro and then reisolate those same cells after in vivo recirculation.
Study and comparison of naturally-aged and As-received silvered-glass reflectors (2018)

Back-silvered glass mirrors exposed in Abu Dhabi outdoor conditions for 7 years along with corresponding as-received mirrors from the same manufacturing batch which were preserved in a warehouse are analyzed in the present study. The availability of both the as-received mirrors and the exposed ones over a time longer than that in previous studies presents an opportunity to validate accelerated aging tests through comparison with naturally aged mirrors. The exposed mirrors showed substantial reflectance degradation. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) was used to characterize both as-received and exposed samples and compare the as-received sample to a reference mirror from the state-of-the-art commercial solar mirrors. The analyses identified 5 possible causes of the rapid degradation observed for the mirrors in question in comparison to the lifetime expectation for commercial solar mirrors. The findings will serve to guide ongoing and future accelerated-aging studies on the same mirrors.
Cytotoxic T-Cell Activity and Progression of HIV Disease (1998)

BackgroundEarly in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection there is a decline in viral replication that has been attributed to host immunity, but the components of this response, particularly the ability of cytotoxic T lymphocytes to control viral burden and influence the outcome of disease, are poorly understood.MethodsWe prospectively studied 33 patients with primary HIV-1 infection for HIV-specific activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes and memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes and compared these lymphocyte responses with changes in viral load and clinical status over the subsequent 18 to 24 months.ResultsSoon after infection, activated HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, mediated primarily by CD8+ cells, were detected in 17 of 23 patients (74 percent). Memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes were found in 6 of 6 patients tested (100 percent) during the first three months of infection and in 17 of 21 patients (81 percent) tested during the first six months. The frequencies of memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes varied markedly over time, but overall they declined over the first 6 to 8 months and then stabilized over the next 12 to 18 months. The patients with higher frequencies of Env-specific memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes had a median level of plasma HIV-1 RNA about one third that of the patients with lower frequencies (median number of RNA copies per milliliter, 22,000 vs. 62,000; P = 0.006). Patients with low frequencies of Env-specific memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes (or none) in early infection had a more rapid decline to less than 300 CD4+ cells per cubic millimeter (P = 0.05).ConclusionsIn early HIV-1 infection, the induction of memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes, particularly those specific for Env, helps control viral replication and is associated with slower declines in CD4+ cell counts. Host cytolytic effector responses appear to delay the progression of HIV-1 disease.