gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Time dependency of ventricular fibrillation thresholds determined using trains of stimuli (1980)

When determining ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT), considerable time elapses from beginning a VFT measurement until the actual occurrence of ventricular fibrillaion (VF). We have defined this elapsed time as the "time to VF" and examined the effect of varying time to VF on the measured value of VFT. We induced VF in anesthetized dogs with a 100-Hz train of 16 4-ms stimuli applied to the right ventricular epicardium. The time to VF was varied by changing either the increment of fibrillation current increase (0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mA) from one train to the next and/or the number of atrial paced beats between trains (6-192 beats). For 0.5-mA current increments, as time to VF increased from 66 to 454 s, VFT fell progressively from 15.3 +/- 4.8 to 6.7 +/- 1.1 mA. When time to VF exceeded 454 s, VFT increased again. Current increments of 1.0 and 2.0 mA had a similar time dependency of VFT. For any time to VF the VFT was lower when small current increments (i.e., more trains) were used to induce VF. Pretreatment with reserpine in six dogs abolished the time dependency. We conclude that time elapsed from the beginning of a VFT determination until VF actually occurs and the total number of trains used are important determinants of the VFT, probably because of local catecholamine release by the stimuli.
Small metal particles as resonators for microwave, terahertz a nd optical frequencies (2012)

In this paper we analyze resonance response of single split-ring and core-shell resonators whose sizes vary from few millimeters to tens of nanometers to external electromagnetic field in wide spectral range spanning from microwave to optics. Polarizability spectra, quality factors and resonance frequencies were obtained using numerical simulation. The limits of scaling were determined for parameters of dipole polarizability.
Analysis of Leukocyte Recruitment in Synovial Microcirculation by Intravital Microscopy (2007)

A complete pattern of adhesion molecules and chemokines involved in leukocyte migration in different tissues and in homeostatic vs inflammatory conditions is still lacking. This chapter describes how to characterize the mechanisms of leukocyte recruitment in synovial vessels in vivo by using epifluorescence videomicroscopy. It has been proposed that inflamed endothelium expresses a combination of adhesion ligands and activating factor(s) for Gi-linked receptors that together orchestrate leukocyte recruitment in vivo. Thus, the combination of molecules involved in the adhesion cascade in synovial vessels may favor the arrest of specific leukocyte subpopulations during different phases of joint inflammation. The approach presented here may provide a useful tool for further investigations of physiologic and pathologic events that occur in normal synovial microcirculation as well as during arthritis.
Some Basic Derivatives of Pummerer's Ketone (1981)

Abstract The use of Pummerer's ketone as pharmacophoric synthon is described and a preliminary account of the pharmacological properties of the new derivatives, basic esters, is given.
Dichlorido(3-phenylindenylidene)bis(triphenylphosphane)ruthenium(II) tetrahydrofuran disolvate (2011)

The Ru(II) atom in the title compound, [RuCl(2)(C(15)H(10))(C(18)H(15)P)(2)]·2C(4)H(8)O, has a distorted square-pyramidal conformation. The P and Cl atoms are at the base of the pyramid and the Ru-C(indenyl-idene) bond is in the axial position. The two Cl ligands and the two phosphane ligands are in trans positions. The Cl-Ru-Cl and P-Ru-P angles are 157.71 (2) and 166.83 (2)°, respectively. The two independent tetra-hydro-furan (THF) solvent mol-ecules are disordered. One THF mol-ecule was refined using a split-atom model. The second THF mol-ecule was accounted for by using program PLATON/SQUEEZE [Spek (2009 ▶). Acta Cryst. D65, 148-155]. The molecular conformation shows three intramolecular C-H⋯Cl contacts and two C-H⋯π interactions while the crystal packing features an intermolecular C-H⋯Cl contact and two very weak intermolecular C-H⋯π contacts.
Two peptidase activities decrease in treated bipolar disorder not schizophrenic patients (2004)

We have found that the enzyme activity previously reported as plasma PO actually comprises two enzymes, PO and ZIP. This study shows a statistically significant decrease of both enzymes in BD patients undergoing lithium treatment. No statistically significant change in PO or ZIP activity is observed in schizophrenic patients.
A Novel Percolative Aggregation Approach for Solving Highly Ill-Conditioned Systems (2008)

A key aspect in any algebraic multilevel procedure is to be able to reliably capture the physical behavior behind system coefficients. However, the modeling of complex reservoir scenarios generally involves the computation of extremely discontinuous and nonlinear coefficients that, in turn, compromise the robustness and efficiency of smoothing and coarsening strategies. In addition, the need of dealing with large discretized domains leads to highly ill-conditioned systems that represent a true challenge to any linear solver technology known today. In this work, we exploit the fact that flow trend information can be used as a basis for developing a robust percolative aggregation (PA) two-stage preconditioning method. To this end, we identify coefficient aggregates by a means of an efficient version of the Hoshen-Kopelman percolation algorithm suitable for any flow network structure. By partitioning and reordering unknowns according to these aggregates, we obtain a set of high-conductive blocks followed by a low-conductive block. Diagonal scaling allows for weakening the interaction between these high- and low- conductive blocks plus improving the overall conditioning of the system. The solution of the high-conductive blocks approximates well the solution of the original problem. Remaining sources of errors from this approximation are mainly due to small eigenvalues that are properly eliminated with a deflation step. The combination of the algebraic solution of the high-conductive blocks with deflation is realized as a two-stage preconditioner strategy. The deflation stage is carried out by further isolating the aggregate blocks with a matrix compensation procedure. We validate the performance of the PA approach against ILU preconditioning. Preliminary numerical results indicate that the PA two-stage preconditioning can be used as a promising alternative to employ existing algebraic multilevel methods in a more effective way.
Biological Activity of Cannabichromene, its Homologs and Isomers (1981)

Cannabichromene (CBC) is one of four major cannabinoids in Cannabis sativa L. and is the second most abundant cannabinoid in drug-type cannabis. Cannabichromene and some of its homologs, analogs, and isomers were evaluated for antiinflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal activity. Antiinflammatory activity was evaluated by the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and the erythrocyte membrane stabilization method. In both tests, CBC was superior to phenylbutazone. Antibacterial activity of CBC and its isomers and homologs was evaluated using gram-positive, gram-negative, and acid-fast bacteria. Antifungal activity was evaluated using yeast-like and filamentous fungi and a dermatophyte. Antibacterial activity was strong, and the antifungal activity was mild to moderate.
Congenital chloride-losing diarrhea in a Mexican child with the novel homozygous SLC26A3 mutation G393W (2015)

Congenital chloride diarrhea is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the intestinal lumenal membrane Cl(-)/HCO(-) 3 exchanger, SLC26A3. We report here the novel SLC26A3 mutation G393W in a Mexican child, the first such report in a patient from Central America. SLC26A3 G393W expression in Xenopus oocytes exhibits a mild hypomorphic phenotype, with normal surface expression and moderately reduced anion transport function. However, expression of HA-SLC26A3 in HEK-293 cells reveals intracellular retention and greatly decreased steady-state levels of the mutant polypeptide, in contrast to peripheral membrane expression of the wildtype protein. Whereas wildtype HA-SLC26A3 is apically localized in polarized monolayers of filter-grown MDCK cells and Caco2 cells, mutant HA-SLC26A3 G393W exhibits decreased total polypeptide abundance, with reduced or absent surface expression and sparse punctate (or absent) intracellular distribution. The WT protein is similarly localized in LLC-PK1 cells, but the mutant fails to accumulate to detectable levels. We conclude that the chloride-losing diarrhea phenotype associated with homozygous expression of SLC26A3 G393W likely reflects lack of apical surface expression in enterocytes, secondary to combined abnormalities in polypeptide trafficking and stability. Future progress in development of general or target-specific folding chaperonins and correctors may hold promise for pharmacological rescue of this and similar genetic defects in membrane protein targeting.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Cytotoxic Phenylthiazoline, 4‐Methylaeruginoic Acid, from Streptomyces sp. KCTC 9303. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Attachment of Chloroplast Polysomes to Thylakoid Membranes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (1973)

Treatment of synchronous cultures of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with chloramphenicol at 4 hr after the beginning of the light phase led to a preferential loss of 70S ribosomes from the 17,000 x g(max) supernate. The "lost" 70S ribosomes were found associated with a thylakoid membrane fraction prepared from the 17,000 x g(max) pellet. Electron microscopic examinations of this fraction revealed that the 70S ribosomes were bound to the unstacked regions of the thylakoid membranes as polygonal penta- and hexamers. These bound ribosomes were only released by treatment with 500 mM KCl and puromycin, suggesting that both ionic interactions and nascent peptide chains were involved in the ribosome-membrane attachment. Since growth of the thylakoid membranes occurs in the light, it is suggested that bound chloroplast ribosomes function in the synthesis of thylakoid membrane proteins.
Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immunotherapy for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (2021)

Patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have historically had few options and faced extremely poor prognoses if their disease progressed after standard-of-care tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Recently, the standard of care for HCC has been transformed as a combination of the immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) atezolizumab plus the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibody bevacizumab was shown to offer improved overall survival in the first-line setting. Immunotherapy has demonstrated safety and efficacy in later lines of therapy as well, and ongoing trials are investigating novel combinations of ICIs and TKIs, in addition to interventions earlier in the course of disease or in combination with liver-directed therapies. Because HCC usually develops against a background of cirrhosis, immunotherapy for liver tumors is complex and oncologists need to account for both immunological and hepatological considerations when developing a treatment plan for their patients. To provide guidance to the oncology community on important concerns for the immunotherapeutic care of HCC, the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) convened a multidisciplinary panel of experts to develop a clinical practice guideline (CPG). The expert panel drew on the published literature as well as their clinical experience to develop recommendations for healthcare professionals on these important aspects of immunotherapeutic treatment for HCC, including diagnosis and staging, treatment planning, immune-related adverse events (irAEs), and patient quality of life (QOL) considerations. The evidence- and consensus-based recommendations in this CPG are intended to give guidance to cancer care providers treating patients with HCC.
Metabolism and DNA adduct formation of 2-acetylaminofluorene by bladder explants from human, dog, monkey, hamster and rat (1984)

Cultured bladder explants from human, dog, monkey, hamster and rat were used to study the metabolism, and DNA-adduct formation of [3H]2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF). After 24 h of incubation with 1 microM [3H]AAF, the organic-soluble and glucuronide fractions represented 29.0-58.4% and 0.7-10.8%, respectively, of the total amount of radioactive material in the medium. In the organic-soluble fraction of all species, the presence of both ring-hydroxylated (at the 7-, 9-, 5-, 3- and 1-carbons) metabolites and N-hydroxy-AAF could be demonstrated, with 7-hydroxy-AAF and 9-hydroxy-AAF being the most ubiquitous metabolic products. In addition, 2-aminofluorene could be detected in all cases with the highest amounts formed by dog bladder explants. Species susceptible to aromatic amine-induced bladder carcinogenesis (human and dog) showed widely varying DNA binding (0.23 +/- 0.20 and 1.95 +/- 1.2 mumol AAF/mol deoxyribonucleotide, respectively), and in explants of the less susceptible species (monkey, hamster and rat) DNA binding was comparable (0.46 +/- 0.21, 0.37 +/- 0.07 and 0.34 +/- 0.27, respectively). Enzymatic hydrolysis of the [3H]AAF--DNA to the nucleoside level revealed that N-(deoxyguanosine-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene, together with small amounts (5.9-15.4% of the total) of its imidazole ring-opened derivative, was the most ubiquitous adduct formed (17.8-47.2% of the total) in all species, except the dog. In dog bladder DNA, N-(deoxyguanosine-8-yl)-2-acetylaminofluorene was the principal DNA adduct (39.0-46.5% of the total) with smaller amounts (15.5-22.2% of the total) in the other species. In addition, small amounts (3.5-8.6% of the total) of another adduct, 3-(deoxygaunosin-N2-yl)-2-acetylaminofluorene, could be detected in all cases. It is concluded that bladder explants of the human, dog, monkey, hamster and rat metabolize AAF mainly to ring-hydroxylated products, but also form small amounts of the proximate carcinogenic metabolite N-hydroxy-AAF. Neither the overall binding of AAF to bladder DNA, nor the formation of specific AAF--DNA adducts is correlated with the relative susceptibilities of these five species to aromatic amine-induced urinary bladder carcinogenesis.
Non-negative matrix factorization with sparseness constraints (2004)

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a recently developed technique for finding parts-based, linear representations of non-negative data. Although it has successfully been applied in several applications, it does not always result in parts-based representations. In this paper, we show how explicitly incorporating the notion of `sparseness' improves the found decompositions. Additionally, we provide complete MATLAB code both for standard NMF and for our extension. Our hope is that this will further the application of these methods to solving novel data-analysis problems.
Organic Light-emitting Devices Based on Phosphorescent Hosts and Dyes (2000)

Phosphorescent dyes may lead to more efficient electroluminescent devices, since triplets should be formed in a 3-fold excess compared to singlets. Efficient devices are presented here that have been constructed using phosphorescent dye–doped layers as both the electron transporting and emitting layer. Triplet energy transfer from the host Ir(ppy)3 to the red phosphorescent dopant PtOX (see Figure) was observed directly.
X-linked juvenile retinoschisis: Clinical diagnosis, genetic analysis, and molecular mechanisms (2012)

X-linked juvenile retinoschisis (XLRS, MIM 312700) is a common early onset macular degeneration in males characterized by mild to severe loss in visual acuity, splitting of retinal layers, and a reduction in the b-wave of the electroretinogram (ERG). The RS1 gene (MIM 300839) associated with the disease encodes retinoschisin, a 224 amino acid protein containing a discoidin domain as the major structural unit, an N-terminal cleavable signal sequence, and regions responsible for subunit oligomerization. Retinoschisin is secreted from retinal cells as a disulphide-linked homo-octameric complex which binds to the surface of photoreceptors and bipolar cells to help maintain the integrity of the retina. Over 190 disease-causing mutations in the RS1 gene are known with most mutations occurring as non-synonymous changes in the discoidin domain. Cell expression studies have shown that disease-associated missense mutations in the discoidin domain cause severe protein misfolding and retention in the endoplasmic reticulum, mutations in the signal sequence result in aberrant protein synthesis, and mutations in regions flanking the discoidin domain cause defective disulphide-linked subunit assembly, all of which produce a non-functional protein. Knockout mice deficient in retinoschisin have been generated and shown to display most of the characteristic features found in XLRS patients. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) mediated delivery of the normal RS1 gene to the retina of young knockout mice result in long-term retinoschisin expression and rescue of retinal structure and function providing a 'proof of concept' that gene therapy may be an effective treatment for XLRS.
Speed-sensorless direct torque control of induction motors using an adaptive flux observer (2000)

This paper presents a new sensorless induction motor drive. The drive uses an adaptive flux observer for speed estimation and the discrete-time direct torque control technique for torque and stator flux control. The adaptive flux observer uses a mechanical model to improve the behavior during speed transients. The estimated stator flux of the adaptive observer is used in the discrete-time direct torque control method to provide fast torque response combined with torque-ripple-free operation over the whole speed range. The sensorless drive system is capable of working from very low speed to high speed and exhibits good dynamic and steady-state performance. The steady-state and dynamic performance of the proposed sensorless drive using simulation and experimental results are demonstrated.
Condensation of indirect excitons in coupled AlAs/GaAs quantum wells (1993)

The photoluminescence (PL) of excitons confined in an electric field tunable coupled AlAs/GaAs quantum well has been investigated at T[MATH]350 mK and magnetic field H[MATH]14 T. In the indirect regime when electrons and holes are separated both in real- and in k-space, magnetic field was found to result in (i) a strong change of both the PL intensity and decay time which is attributed to the anomalies in the exciton transport and (ii) an appearance of a huge broad band noise in the PL intensity which is an evidence of exciton condensation.
Microwave breast cancer detection (2002)

A system for microwave breast cancer detection is described, further extending ideas from the previously introduced technique of microwave confocal imaging. The breast is immersed in a liquid with electrical properties similar to skin or breast tissue, but of low loss. The characteristics of resistively loaded dipole antennas in the immersion media are investigated. The influences of the number of antennas and immersion medium on reconstructed images are examined. Results indicate successful detection of 6 mm diameter tumors with both immersion media, and larger tumor returns with the system immersed in skin.
Evaluation of IGF System Component Levels and Mitogenic Activity of Uremic Serum on Normal Human Osteoblasts (2000)

To test the hypothesis that impairment in bone formation in renal osteodystrophy in adults with chronic renal failure (CRF) might be mediated in part by alterations in circulating levels of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system components, we compared serum levels of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-3, IGFBP-4 and IGFBP-5 in adults with CRF (CRF patients with parathyroid hormone (PTH) < 100 pg/ml, PTH > 300 pg/ml and end-stage renal failure (ESRF) patients) versus age-matched controls. To evaluate the biological significance of alterations in circulating level of IGF system components, we compared the mitogenic activity of the sera on proliferation of normal human osteoblasts in vitro by using [(3)H]thymidine incorporation. We found severalfold increased serum levels of IGFBP-3 (2-fold), IGFBP-4 (5-fold) and slightly increased IGF-II levels in ESRF patients as well as a 2.6-fold increase in free IGF-I in CRF patients with PTH < 100 pg/ml. The mitogenic activity was found to be increased in serum of kidney failure patients compared to controls. This was most pronounced in CRF patients with PTH < 100 pg/ml showing also a significant increase in free IGF-I and the lowest levels of the IGF-inhibitory IGFBP-4. Our data support the hypothesis that alterations in serum levels of stimulating (i.e. free IGF-I) and inhibitory IGF system components (i.e. IGFBP-4) may influence osteoblastic cell proliferation in renal osteodystrophy.
Correlation of proton and heavy-ion test results on CMOS bulk memories used for space applications (1992)

Experiments were performed to determine the heavy-ion and proton sensitivity of CMOS bulk 2 K*8 RH space-qualified SRAMs (static random access memories). The experimental data obtained on both the HC6116 and HC6216 devices indicate that the more immune a device is to upsets from heavy ions, the more immune it will be to upsets from protons. The tests were conducted at room temperature and worst-case supply voltage on devices with several different cross-coupled memory cell resistor values. The results indicated correlation between heavy-ion LET (linear energy transfer) threshold versus proton apparent threshold. The heavy-ion data indicate a correlation between the upset cross-sections and resistor values as well. Several proton energies were used to determine energy dependence of proton sensitivity. A special assessment/evaluation of the measured. calculated, and inferred parameter values was performed. The results were used to predict upset rates for a mission-specific space environment. With the given mission environment in mind (28.5 degrees inclination circular orbit at 550-km altitude), the HC6216 device with a minimum of a 370-k Omega memory cell resistor was chosen as the device to use.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Matrin 3 Binds and Stabilizes mRNA (2011)

Matrin 3 (MATR3) is a highly conserved, inner nuclear matrix protein with two zinc finger domains and two RNA recognition motifs (RRM), whose function is largely unknown. Recently we found MATR3 to be phosphorylated by the protein kinase ATM, which activates the cellular response to double strand breaks in the DNA. Here, we show that MATR3 interacts in an RNA-dependent manner with several proteins with established roles in RNA processing, and maintains its interaction with RNA via its RRM2 domain. Deep sequencing of the bound RNA (RIP-seq) identified several small noncoding RNA species. Using microarray analysis to explore MATR3's role in transcription, we identified 77 transcripts whose amounts depended on the presence of MATR3. We validated this finding with nine transcripts which were also bound to the MATR3 complex. Finally, we demonstrated the importance of MATR3 for maintaining the stability of several of these mRNA species and conclude that it has a role in mRNA stabilization. The data suggest that the cellular level of MATR3, known to be highly regulated, modulates the stability of a group of gene transcripts.