gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Turbulence at the Top: Antecedents of Key Executive Dismissal (1999)

This study investigates the influence of prior firm performance, board of director characteristics, stockholder diffusion, firm size, and firm age on key executive dismissals over the 2 5 -year period, 1963-1987. Comparing a sample of 54 firms with publicly announced forced dismissals to a matched set of firms that experienced no turnover, we find that the firings of key executives were preceded by poor prior financial performance as measured by earnings per share. In addition, we find that it was more likely for a firm to fire its key executive when a smaller proportion of directors were officers of the firm and when the board of directors had a large number of members.
<title>Degradation of fused silica at 193 nm and 213 nm</title> (1995)

Accelerated damage experiments were conducted to better predict the lifetime of fused silica optics under Deep-UV lithographic conditions. Real-time monitoring of UV-induced absorption showed that 193-nm radiation produced color centers four to five times faster that 213-nm radiation. Since the two-photon absorption coefficient at 193-nm is also about five times larger than the 213-nm value, a two-photon initiated damage process was supported. Refractive index changes in irradiated samples extrapolated from stress-induced birefringence distributions and a compaction model correlated with the refractive index changes calculated from interferometry measurements. The rates of UV-induced refractive index changes varied by over a factor of two among five different fused silica types, indicating that fused silica chemistry and processing history effect compaction susceptibility. The compaction rates, when extrapolated down to lithographic intensities, predict that the lifetimes of fused silica optical systems may be limited by UV- damage.
DHPG effectively treats CMV infection in heart and heart-lung transplant patients: a preliminary report. (1987)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in heart and heart-lung transplant recipients represents a serious if not mortal complication. This study reviews the beneficial effects of 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-proproxymethyl) guanine (DHPG), an experimental antiviral agent, in patients with CMV infections. Thirteen of 76 heart and heart-lung transplant patients treated with cyclosporine have developed CMV. Nine of 13 patients developed infections since DHPG has been available. Seven patients received hearts, and two received heart and lungs. Six patients were treated, four heart and two heart-lung recipients; five of six had negative CMV serology before surgery, and all had CMV positive donors. Of the patients not treated, one died at home from disseminated CMV; two had resolution of symptoms and were discharged before the diagnosis was made. In the treated group, three patients had gastrointestinal ulcerative disease, two in the stomach and one in the cecum. The other three patients had CMV pneumonia. DHPG was effective in resolving patient symptoms in five of six patients. The patient who did not respond had a cecal ulcer, multiorgan failure, multiple infections, and died. Two patients with abdominal pain had gastric ulcers that were proved with endoscopy. CMV-induced ulcer disease was diagnosed within 2 hours by fluorescent antibody staining, and resolution was documented by endoscopy. Three patients with CMV pneumonia were treated; two were heart-lung transplant recipients. All started to respond within 72 hours. One heart-lung transplant recipient has had a 9-month course of DHPG because of recurrence of infection when the drug was stopped. The usual dosage was 10 mg/kg/day over 2 weeks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A cost-efficient controlled reverse time migration (2018)

Reverse time migration (RTM) is a very expensive depth imaging algorithm, particularly at high frequencies. The cost of RTM scales to the 4th power of the relative frequency. As such, the increase of the bandwidth for RTM may result in prohibitive costs, also reducing the ability to handle accurately the elastic properties, or to gather output such as surface offset gathers. Herein, we propose a novel method to efficiently cut the cost of RTM without sacrificing image quality, hence enabling the use of most advanced features in production environment. This new approach involves using a depth-variant migration strategy, with spectrum balancing. Presentation Date: Tuesday, October 16, 2018 Start Time: 1:50:00 PM Location: 207A (Anaheim Convention Center) Presentation Type: Oral
Chemical Mapping Exposes the Importance of Active Site Interactions in Governing the Temperature Dependence of Enzyme Turnover (2021)

Uncovering the role of global protein dynamics in enzyme turnover is needed to fully understand enzyme catalysis. Recently, we have demonstrated that the heat capacity of catalysis, Δ<i>C</i> <sub>P</sub> <sup>‡</sup>, can reveal links between the protein free energy landscape, global protein dynamics, and enzyme turnover, suggesting that subtle changes in molecular interactions at the active site can affect long-range protein dynamics and link to enzyme temperature activity. Here, we use a model promiscuous enzyme (glucose dehydrogenase from <i>Sulfolobus solfataricus</i>) to chemically map how individual substrate interactions affect the temperature dependence of enzyme activity and the network of motions throughout the protein. Utilizing a combination of kinetics, red edge excitation shift (REES) spectroscopy, and computational simulation, we explore the complex relationship between enzyme-substrate interactions and the global dynamics of the protein. We find that changes in Δ<i>C</i> <sub>P</sub> <sup>‡</sup> and protein dynamics can be mapped to specific substrate-enzyme interactions. Our study reveals how subtle changes in substrate binding affect global changes in motion and flexibility extending throughout the protein.
Measuring Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) Benefits and Environmental Impact ∼Joint Project Exploring Development of Common Eco-efficiency Evaluation (2006)

The most advanced ICT companies in Japan have started to apply the eco-efficiency concept as their performance evaluation and/or sales and marketing tools. In this paper, the concept of eco-efficiency applied for ICT is described firstly. Second, an overview of joint activities led by those ICT companies is explained, which is a project to develop eco-efficiency evaluations that can help companies to measure environmental reduction and impact caused by ICT services. Finally, an ICT eco-efficiency guideline that has been developed recently is introduced. The guideline is intended to assist companies in explaining their environmental activities connected to ICT introduction strategically. It explains the possibilities in a practical way and looks at simple and effective services that can be used in their environmental management activities and ICT adoption. It describes methodologies and calculation processes based on life cycle analysis (LCA)
Materials and Processes for Deep-UV Lithography (1988)

This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the resist materials and processes that have been designed and developed to support high-resolution, deep-UV (DUV) lithography (i.e., lithography using radiation in the 200—300 - nm wavelength range). Special emphasis is placed on materials, their lithographic performance, and the chemistry responsible for their function. Topics include the fundamental relationships between resolution and exposure wavelength, sources of DUV radiation, and progress in the development of DUV exposure equipment. Unique applications including multilayer patterning schemes and excimer laser lithography are also discussed.
Under-Rig-Floor Openhole Logging in the Gulf of Thailand: Operational Implementation of the Oil Industry's First Simultaneous Openhole Wireline Logging and Drilling Operation (2009)

Summary Chevron Thailand, on average, drills 12,000-ft measured-depth/8,200-ft total vertical depth wells in approximately 4.5 days. The factor that contributes most to this level of performance is the "offlining" of as many drilling-rig activities as possible. In our drilling operation, almost all pipe-handling and cementing operations are performed offline (i.e., off the critical-operations path and therefore simultaneous to other activities on the rig). We have now taken the next logical step in performing offline operations. In May 2007, Chevron Thailand introduced the world's first simultaneous openhole wireline logging and drilling operation on Seadrill RT-7 (a tender-assist drilling rig) and currently is deploying the same system on additional tender-assist rigs (TARs) and jackup rigs. This paper is the second in a series of two that describe the engineering design and operational implementation of the tools and techniques necessary to make offline openhole wireline logging a reality. The first paper (Upchurch and Graves 2008) in this series details the engineering design aspects, and the resultant benefits, of this paradigm-changing logging system. This second paper describes the processes that were used to implement the system, along with the inherent risks and benefits of each phase of the implementation. Implementing radically new processes such as this into pre-existing drilling systems significantly increases the risk for technical failure, well control incidents, and personnel injury. This paper details the processes that were developed for avoiding all three. In the case of this new technology, our phased approach to implementation has resulted in smooth, incident-free introductions to the various rigsites. The benefits of this new system, and our method for implementing it without incident, are paying significant dividends to Chevron Thailand.
How to realize solar cells with laser structured plated Ni-Cu-Contacts with Excellent Adhesion and High Fill-Factors without parasitic plating (2017)

Investigating modifications of the silicon/metal interface during the manufacturing process and the influence on properties of laser-structured Ni-Cu-plated contacts enabled optimizing the metallization process. The micro pattern induced by ultrashort pulsed lasers ensures adhesion even without nickel silicide formation. Minimizing growth of laser-induced and native oxide at the surface of the laser patterned contact openings before plating enables high fill-factors without HF-treatment before metal deposition. Skipping the wet-chemical treatment eliminates parasitic plating on precursors with defective ARC. Compared to the state-of-the-art plating sequence, the approach presented features less process steps and enables improved solar cell aesthetics.
Quantum and private capacities of low-noise channels (2017)

We determine both the quantum and the private capacities of low-noise quantum channels to leading orders in the channel's distance to the perfect channel. It has been an open problem for more than 20 years to determine the capacities of some of these low-noise channels such as the depolarizing channel. We also show that both capacities are equal to the single-letter coherent information of the channel, again to leading orders. We thus find that, in the low noise regime, super-additivity and degenerate codes have negligible benefit for the quantum capacity, and shielding does not improve the private capacity beyond the quantum capacity, in stark contrast to the situation when noisier channels are considered.
RADBALLTECHNOLOGY TESTING AND MCNP MODELING OF THE TUNGSTEN COLLIMATOR (2010)

The United Kingdom's National Nuclear Laboratory (NNL) has developed a remote, non-electrical, radiation-mapping device known as RadBall{trademark}, which can locate and quantify radioactive hazards within contaminated areas of the nuclear industry. RadBall{trademark} consists of a colander-like outer shell that houses a radiation-sensitive polymer sphere. The outer shell works to collimate radiation sources and those areas of the polymer sphere that are exposed react, becoming increasingly more opaque, in proportion to the absorbed dose. The polymer sphere is imaged in an optical-CT scanner, which produces a high resolution 3D map of optical attenuation coefficients. Subsequent analysis of the optical attenuation matrix provides information on the spatial distribution of sources in a given area forming a 3D characterization of the area of interest. RadBall{trademark} has no power requirements and can be positioned in tight or hard-to reach locations. The RadBall{trademark} technology has been deployed in a number of technology trials in nuclear waste reprocessing plants at Sellafield in the United Kingdom and facilities of the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL). This study focuses on the RadBall{trademark} testing and modeling accomplished at SRNL.
Light structures created in one spatial dimension (1996)

Summary form only given. A fiber ring resonator constitutes a model system of a nonlinear feedback system in which the combination of self-phase modulation, group velocity dispersion, and interference can create amazingly complex phenomena. We consider such a resonator, driven by a sequence of picosecond pulses from a modelocked laser. We report on experiments and corresponding numerical simulations that reveal a wide variety of possibilities, depending on the choice of parameters.
Influence of Fermentation Medium Composition on Physicochemical Surface Properties of Lactobacillus acidophilus (2005)

The effect of the simple and complex basic components of a fermentation medium on the surface properties of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCC2628 is studied by physicochemical methods, such as electrophoresis, interfacial adhesion, and X-ray photonelectron spectroscopy, and by transmission electron microscopy. Starting from an optimized complete medium, the effect of carbohydrates, peptones, and yeast extracts on the physicochemical properties of the cell wall is systematically investigated by consecutively omitting one of the principal components from the fermentation medium at the time. The physicochemical properties and structure of the bacterial cell wall remain largely unchanged if the carbohydrate content of the fermentation medium is strongly reduced, although the concentration of surface proteins increases slightly. Both peptone and yeast extract have a considerable influence on the bacterial cell wall, as witnessed by changes in surface charge, hydrophobicity, and the nitrogen-to-carbon ratio. Both zeta potential and the cell wall hydrophobicity show a positive correlation with the nitrogen-to-carbon ratio of the bacterial surfaces, indicative of the important role of surface proteins in the overall surface physical chemistry. The hydrophobicity of the cell wall, which is low for the cultures grown in the complete medium and in the absence of carbohydrates, becomes fairly high for the cultures grown in the medium without peptones and the medium without yeast extract. UV spectrophotometry and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry are used to analyze the effect of medium composition on LiCl-extractable cell wall proteins, confirming the major change in protein composition of the cell wall for the culture fermented in the medium without peptones. In particular, it is found that expression of the S-layer protein is dependent on the protein source of the fermentation medium.
Delta-I noise specification for a high-performance computing machine (1985)

The design rule formulation for the switching noise containment in a high-performance machine is presented in this paper. This design rule is expressed as an algebraic inequality and condenses the information on the generation and propagation of the switching noise in a multichip carrier to a form that is directly usable for the logic design of a computing machine. The statistics associated with the two quantities essential for the rule derivation, namely, noise generation and noise tolerance, are explained. The methodology necessary for the development of this rule is also described. The experimental procedure used for the verification of this methodology is highlighted.
Fabrication Tolerance Study of Polarization-Independent C-Band Bulk SOA for Active-Passive Photonic Integration (2022)

We design low polarization-dependent (< 3.6dB) bulk-SOAs in the C-band suitable for co-integration with passive elements including fabrication tolerance analyses. Optimized design shows SOAs with improve 1dB PDG and the output saturation power of 6.2dBm.
Spinal Neurovascular Malformations in Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome: A Single Center Study (2020)

Our study cohort of 116 KTS patients demonstrated a wide spectrum of spinal neurovascular anomalies with a relatively high prevalence. Potential phenotypic descriptions of KTS should include the possibility for spinal neurovascular anomalies.
Automatic detection of cortical and PSC cataracts using texture and intensity analysis on retro-illumination lens images (2011)

Cataract remains a leading cause for blindness worldwide. Cataract diagnosis via human grading is subjective and time-consuming. Several methods of automatic grading are currently available, but each of them suffers from some drawbacks. In this paper, a new approach for automatic detection based on texture and intensity analysis is proposed to address the problems of existing methods and improve the performance from three aspects, namely ROI detection, lens mask generation and opacity detection. In the detection method, image clipping and texture analysis are applied to overcome the over-detection problem for clear lens images and global thresholding is exploited to solve the under-detection problem for severe cataract images. The proposed method is tested on 725 retro-illumination lens images randomly selected from a database of a community study. Experiments show improved performance compared with the state-of-the-art method.
Synthesis of nickel ferrite nanoparticles via chemical co-precipitation method (2016)

In this article, an effort is made to synthesize the nickel ferrite nanoparticles via chemical co-precipitation method using the metal nitrates as precursors. The x-ray diffraction pattern of the as-synthesized powder sample indicates the formation of nickel ferrite with iron oxide and other impurity phases. The heat treatment of the as-synthesized powder at 600oC assists in the formation of inverse spinel phase of nickel ferrite accompanying with some fraction of iron oxide phase. The field emission scanning electron microscopy of the heat treated sample reveals the irregular particle size and shape with fine microstructures, while as-synthesized sample shows the lamina like particle morphology. The magnetization curve(M-H curve) of the heat treated sample shows the ferrimagnetic behavior with very small (negligible) values ofremanent magnetization and coercive field. Such type of magnetic characteristic indicates the signature of superparamagnetism (Mr ~ 0, Hc ~ 0) in the heat treated nickel ferrite nanoparticles with significant value of the saturation magnetization (Ms). The superparamagnetic effect in the nickel ferrite particles has great potential in the field of biomedicine for certain applications such as the effective drug delivery, and for enhancing the contrast in case of magnetic resonance imaging. Copyright © 2016 VBRI Press.
Differential Effects of Long-lived Erythropoietin Receptor Agonists in Rats (2011)

Erythropoietin (EPO) regulates proliferation and differentiation of erythroid precursor cells into erythrocytes.
Relationship between Water Soluble Carbohydrate Content, Aphid Endosymbionts and Clonal Performance of Sitobion avenae on Cocksfoot Cultivars (2013)

Aphids feed on plant phloem sap, rich in sugars but poor in essential amino acids. However, sugars cause osmotic regulation problems for aphids, which they overcome by hydrolysing the sugars in their gut and polymerising the hydrolysis products into oligosaccharides, excreted with honeydew. Aphids harbour primary bacterial endosymbionts, which supply them with essential amino acids necessary for survival. They also harbour secondary (facultative) endosymbionts (sfS), some of which have a positive impact on life history traits, although it is not yet known whether they also play a role in providing effective tolerance to differing levels of water soluble carbohydrates (WSCs). We investigated the relationship between WSC content of cocksfoot cultivars and performance of clones of the English grain aphid Sitobion avenae F. We evaluated how clone genotype and their sfS modulate performance on these different cultivars. We therefore examined the performance of genetically defined clones of S. avenae, collected from different host plants, harbouring different sfS. The performance was tested on 10 Dactylis glomerata L. cultivars with varying WSC content. D. glomerata is known as a wild host plant for S. avenae and is also commercially planted. We found that high WSCs levels are responsible for the resistance of D. glomerata cultivars to specific S. avenae clones. The minimum level of WSCs conferring resistance to D. glomerata cultivars was 1.7% dw. Cultivars with a WSC content of 2.2% or higher were resistant to S. avenae and did not allow reproduction. Our results further indicate that sfS modulate to some extend host plant cultivar adaptation in S. avenae. This is the first study revealing the importance of WSCs for aphid performance. Cocksfoot cultivars with a high content of WSCs might be therefore considered for aphid control or used for resistance breeding in this and other grass species, including cereals.