gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Three dimensional point cloud data reduction algorithm and application in tooth modelling (2020)

Abstract Reverse engineering is an advanced manufacturing technology, which can design, develop and innovate products. The processing technology of 3D point cloud data is the key of reverse engineering technology, and the simplification technology is an important part of data processing, which plays a decisive role in the quality and efficiency of subsequent surface modelling. The advantages and disadvantages of different point cloud data reduction algorithms are analysed. By combining the efficiency of three-dimensional mesh algorithm with the accuracy of curvature reduction method, a second reduction algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the algorithm uses the non-uniform mesh reduction algorithm of octree to simplify it, to ensure the data of feature points is not damaged, and then uses the curvature reduction method of B-spline surface fitting to simplify it. The experiment of tooth point cloud data reduction shows that this method can retain the details of the original data better on the basis of higher reduction ratio.
The methods of the evaluation of the waste energy recovery systems in the marine Diesel power plants (2012)

The article presents the general description of the waste energy recovery systems in the marine Diesel power plants. Both, the simple as well as the complex recovery systems have been discussed. The substantial part of the article concerns the overview of the evaluation methods of the recovery systems arrangements. There have been presented the rudiments of the thermodynamic evaluation which in the effect provides the material for the determination of the energetic and exergetic efficiency of the recovery systems. The significant issue is also the description of the method of the arrangements economic evaluation, including the method of the determination of the annual profit ensuing from the operation of the waste energy recovery system and the dynamic methods of the economic analysis with the particular emphasis on the investment outlay payback period index. There have been presented the examples of the dependence of the waste heat turbo-generators on the main engine power output, the estimated payback times of the investment outlays incurred in connection with the discussed systems and the payback time of the outlays with reference to the main engine power output in the function of its power output.
Hamigerans R and S: Nitrogenous Diterpenoids from the New Zealand Marine Sponge Hamigera tarangaensis (2018)

Seven new members of the hamigeran family of diterpenoids have been isolated from the New Zealand marine sponge Hamigera tarangaensis. Among the new additions are hamigeran R (1), considered to be the first benzonitrile-based marine natural product, and hamigeran S (2), the first dimeric structure in the series. The formation of 1 and 2 is thought to occur via the reaction of hamigeran G with a nitrogen source, where the nitrile carbon of 1 is derived from the terpenoid skeleton.
3D gesture-based interaction for immersive experience in mobile VR (2016)

In this paper we introduce a novel solution for real-time 3D hand gesture analysis using the embedded 2D camera of a mobile device. The presented framework is based on forming a large database of hand gestures including the ground truth information of hand poses and details of finger joints in 3D. For a query frame captured by the mobile device's camera in real time, the gesture analysis system finds the best match from the database. Once the best match is found, the corresponding ground truth information will be used for interaction in the designed interface. The presented framework performs an extremely efficient gesture analysis (more than 30 fps) in flexible lighting condition and complex background with dynamic movement of the mobile device. The introduced work is implemented in Android and tested in Gear VR headset.
Analytical performance of the Xpert MTB/XDR® assay for tuberculosis and expanded resistance detection (2021)

In a manufacturer-independent laboratory validation study, the Xpert MTB/XDR® assay demonstrated equivalent limit of detection to Xpert MTB/RIF®, detected 100% of tested resistance mutations and showed some utility for resistance detection in strain mixtures. The Xpert MTB/XDR assay is a reliable, sensitive assay for tuberculosis and expanded resistance detection.
OP08 Associations of contemporaneous bmi and obesity history with daily patterns of physical activity at age 60–64 years: findings from a british birth cohort study (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Links between physical activity and body mass index (BMI) are well-recognised. However, the evidence used to quantify this relationship and inform physical activity guidelines is largely based on self-reported activity data. This usually captures specific types of moderate to vigorous activity, less commonly undertaken at older ages, and is subject to reporting bias. In addition, the changing energy requirements of activities with changes in both age and BMI are often overlooked. The possibility that BMI may influence ability to remain active as well as the reverse, especially in later life, is also not always considered. Improving our understanding of the relationship between BMI and physical activity across the full range of activity intensity at older ages is thus important. We aimed to examine the associations of contemporaneous BMI and duration of exposure to obesity across adulthood with daily patterns of monitored physical activity in a nationally representative cohort at age 60–64 years. <h3>Methods</h3> Up to 1634 men and women from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development, a British cohort followed-up prospectively since birth in 1946, who had worn a physical activity monitor (Actiheart) for up to five days and had a valid measure of BMI at age 60–64 years were included in analyses. Linear regression analyses were used to estimate the associations of contemporaneous BMI and obesity history (categorised as: not obese in adulthood; obese by age: 36; 43; 53; 60–64) with cumulative daily log counts of activity. Adjustments were made for gender, socioeconomic position, long-term limiting illness and anxiety and depression. <h3>Results</h3> Higher BMI at age 60–64 years was associated with lower cumulative daily activity counts; in fully-adjusted analyses a 1 kg/m<sup>2</sup> increase in BMI was associated with a mean difference in cumulative daily log activity counts of -31.10 (95% CI: &nbsp;–40.23, –21.98). Greater duration of exposure to obesity was also associated with lower cumulative daily activity counts with those participants who were obese by age 36 recording the lowest number of daily activity counts; in fully-adjusted analyses the mean difference in cumulative daily log activity counts was &nbsp;–423.11 (95% CI: –641.05, –205.18) when comparing those participants who were obese by age 36 with those who were never obese. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These findings highlight the strength of associations of BMI and obesity history with physical activity in early old &nbsp;age. They have important implications for two major public health challenges currently faced; population ageing and obesity.
Efficient CSG Representations of Two-Dimensional Solids (1991)

Good methods are known for converting a Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) representation of a solid into a boundary representation (b-rep) of the solid, but not for performing the inverse conversion, b-rep→CSG, which is the subject of this paper. Important applications of b-rep→CSG conversion arise in solid modeling, image processing, and elsewhere. The problem can be divided into two tasks: (1) finding a set of halfspaces that is necessary and sufficient (but not unique) to represent a given solid, and (2) constructing an efficient CSG representation using those halfspaces. This paper solves the problem for curved planar solids, i.e., r-sets in E2, with or without holes, whose boundary is given by a collection of edges. The edges may be subsets of straight lines or convex curves (i.e., curves which intersect any line in at most two points). We prove a number of results and describe algorithms that have been fully implemented for solids bounded by line segments and circular arcs. Empirical results show that the computed CSG representations are superior to those produced by earlier algorithms, and produce superior three-dimensional CSG representations for mechanical parts defined by contour sweeping. A companion paper generalizes the results to higher dimensional solids.
34.4L: Late‐News Paper : Polarization Independent Projection Systems Using Thin Film Polymer Polarization Gratings and Standard Liquid Crystal Microdisplays (2009)

Abstract We report on our progress in using polymer Polarization Gratings (PGs) to enhance the brightness of standard Liquid Crystal (LC) microdisplays. By replacing conventional polarizers with PGs, high transmittance (&gt;85%) and contrast ratios (&gt;300:1) can be achieved with common LC modes and unpolarized input light. Using this approach, we demonstrate a polymer‐PG projection display prototype with double the brightness compared to a polarizer‐based system using the same illumination (input acceptance angles≥±15°).
Self-Assembled Monolayers on Engineering Metals:  Structure, Derivatization, and Utility (1999)

A methodology for the formation and derivatization of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkyl phosphonic acids on common engineering metals such as steel, stainless steel, aluminum, copper, and brass is described. This methodology is shown to be a versatile route for surface modification of such substrates. α,ω-Metal bisphosphonate SAMs are shown to be receptive to complexation by organic acids and acid-containing polymers such as fluoropolymers and ethylene-co-methacrylic acid. This latter attribute is exploited in the construction of polymer/SAM/metal interfaces of surprising durability. The durability of the interface is a strong function of the SAM chain length.
System Identification for Retrofit Reconfigurable Control of an F/A-18 Aircraft (2005)

We summarize a retrofit reconfiguration methodology that augments the production flight control system of an F/A-18 to compensate for changes in aircraft stability and control derivatives caused by aerodynamic control surface failures. The retrofit architecture relies on an indirect-adaptive model-following control approach that exploits onboard models of the closed-loop aircraft dynamics in the control computations. An output-error parameter identification process is used off-line to model the nominal behavior of the F/A-18 inner closedloop (airframe and baseline controller). The identified models are employed to describe the desired behavior for the controller and to provide regularization for an online parameter identification process. The online system identification algorithm updates the parameters of the models used for control decision, and a regularized recursive least-squares method is chosen to enable rapid adaptation to unforeseen failures and unmodeled dynamics while being robust to periods of low excitation. The retrofit reconfigurable controller was evaluated in high-fidelity F/A-18 simulations across a wide envelope of flight conditions with single and multiple control surface failures
A Short Total Synthesis of Aureothin and N-Acetylaureothamine (2005)

The total synthesis of the nitrophenyl pyrones, (+/-)-aureothin and (+/-)-N-acetylaureothamine, starting from known 2-ethyl-6-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-4H-pyran-4-one are described. The key steps involved in the synthesis are the construction of the tetrahydrofuran motif using a palladium-catalyzed cycloaddition and the ruthenium-catalyzed cross-metathesis reaction of an alkenyl boronic ester. [reaction: see text]
The efficiency of functional mitochondrial replacement in species has directional character (2003)

Optimal interactions among nuclear and mitochondria-coded proteins are required to assemble functional complexes of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. The communication between the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes has been studied by transplacement of mitochondria from related species into mutants devoid of mitochondrial DNA (rho0). Recently we have reported that the mitochondria transferred from Saccharomyces paradoxus restored partially the respiration in Saccharomyces cerevisiae rho0 mutants. Here we present evidence that the S. cerevisiae mitochondria completely salvage from respiration deficiency, not only in conspecific isolates but also in S. paradoxus. The respiratory capacity in less-related species can be recovered exclusively in the presence of S. cerevisiae chromosomes. The efficiency of the re-established oxidative phosphorylation did not rely on the presence of introns in the S. cerevisiae mitochondrial DNA. Our results suggest that, apart from evolutionary distance, the direction of mitochondrial replacement could play a significant role in installing the complete (wild-type-like) interaction between mitochondria and nuclei from different species.
Mobicast (2009)

Lately, the usage of mobile live video streaming for video sharing has been growing steadily. However, because of the limitations presented by the capabilities of mobile phone video capturing devices, these video streams end up having either a low resolution or a small field of view. On the other hand, the ubiquity of video capture-capable mobile phones make the probability that more than one user will be recording the same scene from different views relatively high.
Enzyme and Pathway Engineering for Suicide Gene Therapy (2006)

While some work remains to be done to establish that these new TK variants function firmly as super suicide genes in vivo, it is important to recognize that they contain multiple amino acid substitutions and would likely never be made by site-directed mutagenesis. Clearly, these results demonstrate the power of random sequence mutagenesis to tailor enzymes such as cytosine deaminase and HSV-1 thymidine kinase for gene therapy of cancers. Mutant HSV-1 TKs also hold promise for use in a wide variety of other applications including as a negative selectable marker for homologous recombination events for cell lineage ablation investigations and for tumor imaging by positron emission tomography. Random sequence mutagenesis coupled with positive genetic selection is a powerful means not only to investigate the contributions of a particular residue to function but also for the generation of enzymes with novel functions for numerous biomedical applications.
Study of Pacemaker and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Triggering by Electronic Article Surveillance Devices (SPICED TEAS) (1998)

The magnetic fields emitted by electronic article surveillance (EAS) systems (shoplifting gates) are a source of interference for implanted medical devices. In the Study of Pacemaker and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Triggering by Electronic Article Surveillance Devices (SPICED TEAS), 25 adult volunteers with ICDs and 50 with pacemakers were exposed to the fields of six different EAS systems. These EAS systems used three modes of operation: magnetic audio frequency, swept radiofrequency, and acoustomagnetic technology. No ICD exhibited interference mimicking sensing of tachyarrhythmias with any EAS system. Pacemakers interacted variably, depending on the type of EAS system. Swept radiofrequency systems produced no interaction with any implanted medical device. One magnetic audio frequency system interacted with 2 of 50 pacemakers. The acoustomagnetic system interacted with 48 of 50 pacemakers. Interactions included asynchronous pacing, atrial oversensing (producing "EAS induced tachycardia" in the ventricle), ventricular oversensing (with pacemaker inhibition), and paced beats resulting from the direct induction of current in the pacemaker ("EAS induced pacing"). These interactions produced symptoms in some patients (palpitations, presyncope) only while patients were in the EAS field. No pacemaker was reprogrammed. We conclude that high energy, pulsed low frequency EAS systems such as acoustomagnetic systems interfere with most pacemakers. Pacemaker patients should be advised to minimize exposure to the fields of such systems to prevent the possibility of serious clinical events.
Reversal of anticoagulants: an overview of current developments (2015)

Several new anticoagulants have entered the clinical arena or are under clinical development. These drugs include indirect (fondaparinux) and direct oral factor Xa inhibitors (rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban, betrixaban), and the direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran. Especially the oral direct FXa and FIIa inhibitors overcome many of the shortcomings of heparins and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). They are administered orally at a fixed dose; regular monitoring is not necessary; interaction with other drugs or nutrition occur less than with VKAs and they are at least as effective as VKAs for most indications tested. They are associated with about 50 % less intracranial bleeding than VKAs. Nevertheless, they are still associated with bleeding complications. Bleeding can occur spontaneously or as a result of trauma or urgent surgery. In such situations rapid reversal of the anticoagulant effect is highly desirable. For unfractionated heparin protamine, and for VKAs prothrombin complex concentrates are available as specific antidotes. Under clinical development are: for the direct and indirect FXa inhibitors a modified recombinant FXa (andexanet alpha), which lacks enzymatic activity; and for dabigatran a Fab fragment of a monoclonal antibody (idarucizumab). In addition a small molecule (aripazine) has entered phase I clinical trials, which seems to inhibit nearly all anticoagulants but VKAs and argatroban. This review summarises the current options and strategies in development to antagonise anticoagulants with a focus on the status of the development of antidotes for the oral direct FXa and FIIa inhibitors.
Separation of neural cells using two-step separation by combination of soft inertial microfluidics and pinched flow fractionation (2010)

Separation of neural cells using two-step separation by combination of soft inertial microfluidics and pinched flow fractionation
Optimal sinogram sampling with temporally offset pixels in continuous rotation CT (2017)

Insufficient angular sampling in computed tomography can lead to aliasing artifacts that impair the quality of the reconstructed images. However, the angular sampling rate is often constrained due to practical limitations, such as the bandwidth of the data read-out or read-out noise. In this work, we present a new sampling scheme that allows aliasing-free image reconstruction with fewer angular samples. This is achieved by introducing a temporal offset between the samples acquired by adjacent detector pixels in the detector array. The temporal shift implies that the positions where the detector pixels sample the 2D Radon transform are interleaved in the angular direction, and if the shift is carefully selected, an optimal (hexagonal) sampling grid can be obtained. Optimal sampling grids are particularly effective in tomographic imaging since the bowtie-shaped spectral support of the sinogram allows a close tiling of the replicated spectra. We derive the sampling requirements when the proposed method is used and demonstrate that the obtained sampling grid reduces the aliasing artifacts compared to standard rectangular sampling at equal number of angular samples in simulated and experimental images. It is shown that the required number of angular samples can be reduced by 25-40%. The method is robust and easy to implement, and can therefore be of practical use for CT imaging where the number of views is limited.
β-Defensin 1 Contributes to Pulmonary Innate Immunity in Mice (2002)

Innate immunity serves as a first line defense in vertebrate organisms by providing an initial barrier to microorganisms and triggering antigen-specific responses. Antimicrobial peptides are thought to be effectors of innate immunity through their antibiotic activity and direct killing of microorganisms. Evidence to support this hypothesis in vertebrates is indirect, based on expression profiles and in vitro assays using purified peptides. Here we investigated the function of antimicrobial peptides in vivo using mice deficient in an antimicrobial peptide, mouse beta-defensin-1 (mBD-1). We find that loss of mBD-1 results in delayed clearance of Haemophilus influenzae from lung. These data demonstrate directly that antimicrobial peptides of vertebrates provide an initial block to bacteria at epithelial surfaces.
Fatty Acid Effect on Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose−Beeswax Edible Film Properties and Postharvest Quality of Coated ‘Ortanique’ Mandarins (2008)

The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of fatty acid (FA) type and content on mechanical properties, water vapor permeability and oxygen permeability of hydroxypropyl methycellulose (HPMC)-beeswax (BW) stand-alone edible films. The effect of these films formed as coatings on the postharvest quality of 'Ortanique' mandarins was also studied. Selected FAs were stearic acid (SA), palmitic acid (PA), and oleic acid (OA), using BW/FA ratios of 1:0.5 and 1:0.2 (w/w). HPMCBW coatings reduced weight and firmness loss of 'Ortanique' mandarins, without compromising flavor quality compared to uncoated mandarins. Coatings containing OA provided the best weight loss control at both concentrations tested; however, when the BW/OA ratio was 1:0.5, the coatings increased fruit internal CO2, ethanol, and acetaldehyde contents of 'Ortanique' mandarins, therefore reducing flavor compared to the rest of the coatings studied. Although barrier and mechanical properties might be used to understand coating performance, differences observed between film oxygen permeability and coating permeability indicate that permeance should be measured on the coated fruit.
Performance comparison of optical channel formats to realize 400G data rates in transport networks under dynamic traffic (2013)

As the technology for 100G data rate matures and transponder deployments take-off, research efforts are being directed towards determining the appropriate channel formats for future transport data rates. Realizing 400G will likely be attained via multiple 100G/200G carriers and exploiting a DWDM flexible grid to maximize spectral efficiency gains. This paper overviews the channel formats under discussion to support 400G. Based on their main characteristics, such as expected transmission reach, spectral occupation and routing restrictions, the blocking performance of DWDM networks under dynamic traffic is evaluated. The analysis considers the performance impact of the number of transponders deployed at the network nodes and the properties of the network topology used, which ranges from a single link to metropolitan, regional and long-haul networks.
Grid-like contrast restoration for non-grid chest radiographs by software-based scatter correction (2014)

Poster: ECR 2014 / C-0181 / Grid-like contrast restoration for non-grid chest radiographs by software-based scatter correction by: D. Mentrup 1, S. Jockel1, U. Neitzel1, B. Menser2; 1Hamburg/DE, 2Eindhoven/NL
INFRARED/SUBMILLIMETER DOUBLE RESONANCE AS AN APPROACH TO ATMOSPHERIC REMOTE SENSING: MEASUREMENTS AND ENERGY TRANSFER MODELING (2010)

Author Institution: Department of Physics, 191 W. Woodruff Ave., Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA; Kratos Defense and Security Solutions - Digital Fusion Solutions Advanced Technologies Division, 5030 Bradford Dr. Building I, Suite 210, Huntsville, AL 35805; Army Aviation and Missile RD\&E Center, Weapons Sciences Directorate, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898