gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-accelerated phospholipid metabolism by 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid. (1980)

The tumor-promoting agent, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), accelerates choline phospholipid synthesis in bovine lymphocytes by an oxygen-dependent mechanism. This action is prevented by high concentrations of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin (1 to 3 mM), suggesting a possible involvement of lipid oxidation in the response. The acetylenic analog of arachidonic acid, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA), at concentrations in the 10 to 50 microM range also prevents the acceleration of the incorporation of [methyl-3H]choline hydrochloride into choline phospholipids, and it appears more selective in its action. This antagonistic effect of ETYA, an agent which inhibits both the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase routes of arachidonic acid oxidation, can be precluded by arachidonic acid but not by other unsaturated or saturated fatty acids. If ETYA is added to lymphocyte cultures after 1 hr of TPA treatment, the established rate of [methyl-3H]choline hydrochloride incorporation is unaffected, but further acceleration is blocked. The inhibition by ETYA cannot be counteracted by any of the prostaglandins, Types A, B, D, E, or F alpha, or by the prostacyclin compounds, PGI1 and 6,9-thia-PGI2. The thromboxane pathway also appears not to be involved since 9,11-azoprosta-5,13-dienoic acid (Azo I), a selective inhibitor of thromboxane synthetase, does not affect the TPA response. These results suggest that TPS may activate the lipoxygenase rather than the cyclooxygenase pathway for lipid oxidation and that an arachidonic acid hydroperoxide or a subsequent metabolite plays a key role in the stimulation of choline phospholipid synthesis by the tumor-promoting phorbol ester, TPA.
Self-assembled optoplasmonic molecules for enhanced light focusing and manipulation on nanometer length scales (2013)

Hybrid clusters comprising TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> nanoparticles (NPs) supported by discrete clusters of Au NP were fabricated through a template guided self-assembly strategy, and the electromagnetic interactions between the building blocks were investigated using experimental and theoretical tools. The performed studies reveal that electromagnetic interactions between the building blocks result in an enhancement of both electric and magnetic field components. A redistribution of the optical energy in the cluster increases the E-field intensity not only in hot-spots within the cluster but also in the adjacent ambient environment where it is easily accessible.
Nanosized inorganic/organic composites for solar energy conversion (2004)

Structural design of donor (i.e., size-quantized CdTe nanoparticle)–acceptor (i.e., water-soluble C60 derivative) systems led to promising layer-by-layer assembled photovoltaic thin films with photon-to-current conversion efficiencies of 5.4%.
Usefulness of a Lateral Thoracodorsal Flap after Breast Conserving Surgery in Laterally Located Breast Cancer (2013)

Partial breast reconstruction using a lateral thoracodorsal flap is well matched with breast color and texture, and the surgery is less aggressive than other techniques with few complications. Therefore, the lateral thoracodorsal flap can be a useful, reliable technique in correcting breast deformity after breast conserving surgery, especially in laterally located breast cancer.
Economics of semiconductor scaling - a cost analysis for advanced technology node (2019)

Moore's law, the principle that has powered semiconductor scaling for the past 50 years is nearing its end. However, the industry would like to pursue a dimensional scaling roadmap to reap the full benefit of technology innovation. Results shown on this paper demonstrate traditional dimensional scaling approaches involving multi-patterned lithography would skyrocket the manufacturing cost. Design level techniques collectively known as scaling boosters, and innovative Complementary FET (CFET) devices would help to reduce the cost of the technology nodes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first approach where semiconductor node transitions are benchmarked based on their economic feasibility. To summarize, we have formulated a cost-driven approach that can guide the industry to continue semiconductor scaling.
Crystal structure of human calcineurin complexed with cyclosporin A and human cyclophilin (2002)

Calcineurin (Cn), a Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent Ser/Thr protein phosphatase, is an important participant in signaling pathways that activate T cells. It is the target of the immunosuppressive drugs cyclosporin A (CsA) and FK506. These drugs bind proteins known as cyclophilin (Cyp) and FK506-binding protein, respectively, and the drug-protein complexes in turn inhibit Cn. We report the crystal structure of a Cyp/CsA/Cn ternary complex, determined to a resolution of 3.1 A. Residues 3-9 of CsA, particularly N-methyl leucines 4 and 6, and Trp-121 of Cyp form a composite surface for interaction with Cn. The hydrophobic interface buries two hydrogen bonds. The structure accounts clearly for the effects of mutations in Cn on CsA-resistance and for the way modifications of CsA alter immunosuppressive activity.
Waste heat recoveryRankine cycle based system modeling for heavy duty trucks fuel saving assess-men (2015)

International audience
miR-223 functions as a potent tumor suppressor of the Lewis lung carcinoma cell line by targeting insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (2013)

microRNAs (miRNAs) have been hypothesized to function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors by targeting specific cancer-related genes. Previous studies have reported that miR-223 may serve as a tumor suppressor in a number of cancer types, however, knowledge of its targets in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains limited. In the current study, miR-223 was found to inhibit cell proliferation <i>in vitro</i> by CCK-8 assay, growth curves and an anchorage-independent growth assay in a Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell line. miR-223 transfection in the LLC cells was observed to significantly inhibit migration and invasion, induce G<sub>2</sub>/M arrest and decrease the expression levels of Sca-1, a marker of murine stem cells. In addition, miR-223 transfection markedly suppressed AKT and ERK signaling, as well as insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R)-mediated downstream signaling, pathways that are crucial for cell proliferation and invasion in NSCLC cells. Analyses in C57BL/6 mice demonstrated that miR-223 suppresses tumorigenicity <i>in vivo</i>. Using a luciferase activity assay and western blot analysis, IGF-1R and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) were identified as direct targets of miR-223. In the present study, novel cancer-related targets of miR-223 were identified and verified in a LLC cell line, indicating that miR-223 functions as a tumor suppressor, which may fine-tune the activity of the IGF-1R pathway in lung cancer. Therefore, increasing miR-223 expression may provide a novel approach for the treatment of NSCLC.
A New gene selection approach based on Minimum Redundancy-Maximum Relevance (MRMR) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) (2009)

Gene expression data usually contains a large number of genes (several thousand or more) but a small number of samples (usually ≪100). Among all the genes, many are irrelevant, insignificant or redundant to the discriminant problem under investigation. Hence the identification of informative genes, which have the greatest power for classification, is of fundamental and practical importance to the investigation of specific discriminant problems, such as cancer versus non-cancer or different tumor types. In this paper, we propose a two-stage selection algorithm by combining Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance (MRMR) and Genetic Algorithm (GA). In the first stage, MRMR is used to filter noisy and redundant genes in high dimensional microarray data. In the second stage, GA and SVM work together for selecting the highly discriminating genes. The proposed method is tested on five open datasets: NCI, Lymphoma, Lung, Leukemia and Colon. In the experiments, we compare our proposed MRMR-GA algorithm with GA-SVM wrapper and MRMR filter. The experimental results show that the proposed method has excellent selection and classification performances.
Ultra-sensitive polymeric sensor platforms for environmental sensing applications (2013)

In this article, novel technology-platforms are discussed for possible applications in the field of environmental, security and healthcare sensing using polymeric devices. Carbon nanocomposite based microcantilevers and thin-film transistor embedded microcantilevers are discussed for force sensing applications. It is also demonstrated that exposure of ionizing radiation changes the material properties of organic semiconductors which enables the use of organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) as ionizing radiation dosimeters. An increase in the work-function has been observed by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy for the copper(II) phthalocyanine (CuPc) thin-film upon exposure to ionizing radiation of γ-rays. Furthermore, CuPc based OTFTs are demonstrated as ionizing radiation dosimeters with a silicon nitride encapsulation layer deposited by Hot-wire CVD.
Stimulated Brillouin scattering in diffusion-driven semiconductors (1994)

A quantitative description of the gain profile of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in a diffusion-driven electrostrictive semiconducting medium and an analysis of the phase-conjugated signal induced by the SBS process is presented. The analysis is based on the coupled-mode theory and is confined to the acoustoelectric regime of a semiconductor. The third-order nonlinear susceptibilities of the semiconductor, χ(3), are derived analytically, and the conditions for achieving favorable Brillouin gain and SBS-induced phase conjugation are discussed. The threshold field required for the onset of SBS and the optimum interaction length required for phase conjugation are determined also. The effect of drift and diffusion on the scattering process that is due to excess carrier concentration are investigated. The dependence of the SBS gain and the reflectivity of the conjugate signal on the carrier concentration and the acoustic-wave frequency is investigated both analytically and numerically. The magnitude of χ(3) is found to agree with the theoretical and experimental values for type III–V semiconductors.
Remote Monitoring System (2014)

The need for a comprehensive Remote Monitoring System in the Educational and Office Environments has been the source of inspiration for this project. The Project has been conceived and developed to work effectively in the above mentioned environments. The main aim was to reduce the burden on the System/Network administrators from responsibility of monitoring the Clients connected to a Server in the typical Ethernet based Client–Server network architecture. The Remote Monitoring System (RMS) monitors the Clients connected to the Server by providing information such as Client’s Name, IP address, User currently logged on and the Desktop Image of the Client. RMS also provides the functionalities such as Messaging and Control operations that can be performed on the Clients. The Supervisor can use these features to effectively monitor the Clients. The Architecture of Remote Monitoring System has two components: An Application which runs on the Server machine. A DLL which resides on the Client Machines. The Graphical User Interface based Application acts as the monitoring tool and provides the various functionalities to monitor the Clients. The DLL which resides on the Client machines sends required information as per the need to the Application at the server. Rapid Application Development paradigm of Software Engineering has been used to develop the system. The system’s development has been done based on the Application Programming Interface (API) of the Windows Environment, so that the system complies with all existing flavors of the Microsoft’s Windows Operating Systems. Rational Rose tool is used for analysis and design using Unified Modeling Language and the platform of implementation being Visual Studio 6.0.
Corticosteroids and Intratracheal Surfactant Both Alter the Distribution between the Airways and Lung Tissue of Intratracheally Administered Radiolabeled Phosphatidylcholine in the Preterm Rabbit (1990)

Developmental differences exist regarding quantitative aspects of surfactant phosphatidylcholine clearance from the alveolar space and its subsequent reutilization. We wished to further extend observations of this nature to prematurely delivered rabbits undergoing mechanical ventilation. In addition we tested the hypothesis that prenatal corticosteroid exposure and/or intratracheal surfactant at birth would produce alterations in the lung's clearance of phosphatidylcholine from the airways. Pregnant does were injected with either Ringer's lactate or betamethasone on days 25 and 26 of gestation. Fetuses were delivered at 27 days and given by intratracheal injection either surfactant or one-half strength Ringer's lactate, both of which were trace labeled with [3H]phosphatidylcholine. Fetuses then underwent mechanical ventilation for periods of time ranging from 10 to 120 min. Following ventilation, alveolar lavage and lung tissue were examined to determine the distribution of [3H]phosphatidylcholine between these two compartments. Antenatal corticosteroid exposure was associated with decreased recovery of the radiolabel from the alveolar space and increased recovery of the label from the lung tissue in comparison to control fetuses. Intratracheal surfactant was associated with persistence of the radiolabel within the alveolar space. Therapy with both of these modalities produced a radiolabel distribution that resembled that seen in fetuses receiving intratracheal surfactant alone.
Antitumor activity of a rhenium (I)-diselenoether complex in experimental models of human breast cancer (2015)

Rhenium (I)-diselenother (Re-diselenoether) is a water soluble metal-based compound, combining one atom of rhenium and two atoms of selenium. This compound has been reported to exhibit marked activities against several solid tumor cell lines. We now disclose an improved synthesis of this complex. The Re-diselenoether showed a potent inhibitory effect on MDA-MB231 cell division in vitro, which lasted when the complex was no longer present in the culture. Re-diselenoether induced a remarkable reduction of the volume of the primitive breast tumors and of the pulmonary metastases without clinical signs of toxicity, in mice-bearing a MDA-MB231 Luc+ tumor, orthotopically transplanted, after a daily oral administration at the dose of 10 mg/kg/d. Interestingly, an antagonism was observed when cisplatin was administered as a single i.p. injection 1 week after the end of the Re-diselenoether administration. In an effort to gain insight of the mechanisms of action of Re-diselenoether complex, interaction with 9-methylguanine as a nucleic acid base model was studied. We have shown that Re-diselenoether gave both mono- and bis-guanine Re adducts, the species assumed to be responsible for the DNA intrastrand lesions.
Initial investigations of x-ray particle imaging velocimetry (X-PIV) in 3D printed phantoms using 1000 fps High-Speed Angiography (HSA) (2020)

Details of blood flow patterns and rates can provide useful information to physicians when deciding whether to treat diseased vessels and in assessing the effectiveness of treatments. These blood flow details are difficult to see using ‘realtime’ imaging techniques of 30 fps. 1000 fps High-Speed Angiography (HSA) provides the temporal resolution needed to record details of flow within patient vasculature. The Actaeon detector from XCounter is capable of x-ray imaging at 1000 fps providing sufficient temporal and spatial resolution (100 μm pixel pitch) for the quantification of flow details. A new method for experimentally obtaining flow details in patient-specific geometries demonstrates microspheres tracking vascular flow similar to methods used in optical laser-based particle image velocimetry (PIV). The microspheres are prepared by soaking them in iodinated contrast medium to provide radio-opacity and injected into 3D-printed, patient-specific vascular phantoms during x-ray exposure. Images were acquired at 1000 fps for 2.4 seconds using the Actaeon’s High-Sensitivity mode. Changes in particle positions were tracked through consecutive frames and the position data was used to calculate velocities. The velocities were then mapped to the initial position and binned to reduce apparent variation in individual particle paths. This method provides quantitative data regarding the flow details within a vessel and also qualitative information regarding flow at different points in time during the acquisition. These methods could enable new measurements of flow properties in patient-specific vasculature.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroxyproline‐Derived Pseudoenantiomeric [2.2.1] Bicyclic Phosphines: Asymmetric Synthesis of (+)‐ and (‐)‐Pyrrolines. (2015)

Abstract Two diastereoisomeric 2‐aza‐5‐phosphabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes (I) and (II) are prepared and used as catalysts for the synthesis of enantiomerically enriched pyrrolines with opposite absolute configurations.
Location, transcripts, and translation products (1987)

Cloned genomic fragments from the region (0.769 to 0.818 map units) coding for immediate-early (IE) transcripts of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) were used to analyze the physical organization of this region, the direction of transcription, and the proteins synthesized in vitro. Three IE transcription units could be identified. From IE coding region 1 (ie1; 0.781 to 0.796 map units) a dominant 2.75-kilobase (kb) RNA was transcribed from right to left on the prototype arrangement of the MCMV genome which directed the synthesis of an 89,000-molecular-weight polypeptide (89K polypeptide), the major IE protein. This phosphoprotein (pp89) has been shown to be active in the regulation of transcription. Upstream of ie1 and separated by the MCMV enhancer sequence was a second IE coding region, ie2, which was mapped at 0.803 to 0.817 map units. From ie2 a 1.75-kb RNA of moderate abundance was transcribed in the direction opposite to that of the ie1 RNA. After hybrid selection of the ie2 transcript, a 43,000-molecular-weight translation product was detected. A third coding region, ie3, was located directly downstream of ie1 (0.773 to 0.781 map units). The series of RNAs with low abundance, terminating in ie3, probably used the ie1 transcription start site and ranged from 1.0 to 5.1 kb in size. The 5.1-kb RNA apparently represents the nonspliced transcript from both coding regions ie1 and ie3. A 15K polypeptide was translated in vitro from RNA that was hybrid selected by ie3 sequences. Immunoprecipitation with monoclonal antibody revealed that 31K to 67K polypeptides were related to pp89. Some of these proteins were translated from RNAs that were smaller than 2.75 kb. Polypeptides related to pp89 were also synthesized in vivo. Because polypeptides unrelated to pp89 that were translated from RNA that was selected by ie2 and ie3 sequences were not immunoprecipitated by murine antisera, we assumed that the amount of these proteins synthesized in vivo during infection was probably very low
Assessing realistic gains of Massive MIMO (2014)

Spectral efficiency gains of MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) systems with physically realizable channels are presented. Results are based on normalized analytical channel models, using antenna theory and electromagnetic theory from the perspective that a MIMO channel model cannot be a source of energy. That is, the average received power cannot exceed the total average radiated power. The assessment of capacity/throughput calculations necessitates an accurate determination of the average received power. Analysis of MIMO systems under study show that important scaling factors are needed to render a channel model realistic, giving rise to realistic received average powers. The analysis and results are important for the assessment of realistic gains for Massive MIMO systems. Additionally, there is an upper limit on the number of receive antennas with a given aperture, where each receive antenna captures the same amount of average power. Above this limit, the conservation of energy is violated. Performance results for downlink (DL) MIMO system spectral efficiencies are presented for power normalized channel models compared with traditional channel models.
Miniaturised microstrip antenna for MMIC applications (1997)

A novel miniaturised quarter wavelength, H-shaped antenna which will find applications in monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) design is presented. The antenna occupies approximately one tenth of the substrate area of a half wavelength patch antenna. The effect on the resonance frequency, bandwidth and gain of the antenna are reported.
Simultaneously Cycled NMR Spectroscopy (2008)

Simultaneously cycled (SC) NMR was introduced and exemplified by implementing a set of 2-D [1H,1H] SC exclusive COSY (E.COSY) NMR experiments, that is, rf pulse flip-angle cycled (SFC), rf pulse phase cycled (SPC), and pulsed field gradient (PFG) strength cycled (SGC) E.COSY. Spatially selective 1H rf pulses were applied as composite pulses such that all steps of the respective cycles were affected simultaneously in different slices of the sample. This increased the data acquisition speed for an n-step cycle n-fold. A high intrinsic sensitivity was achieved by defining the cycles in a manner that the receiver phase remains constant for all steps of the cycle. Then, the signal resulting from applying the cycle corresponded to the sum of the signals from all steps of the cycle. Hence, the detected free induction decay did not have to be separated into the contributions arising from different slices, and read-out PFGs, which not only greatly reduce sensitivity but also negatively impact lineshapes in the direct dimension, were avoided. The current implementation of SFC E.COSY reached approximately 65% of the intrinsic sensitivity of the conventional phase cycled congener, making this experiment highly attractive whenever conventional data acquisition is sampling limited. Highly resolved SC E.COSY yielding accurate 3J-coupling values was recorded for the 416 Da plant alkaloid tomatidine within 80 min, that is, 12 times faster than with conventional phase cycled E.COSY. SC NMR is applicable for a large variety of NMR experiments and thus promises to be a valuable addition to the arsenal of approaches for tackling the NMR sampling problem to avoid sampling limited data acquisition.
The surface microporosity of ceramic biomaterials influences the resorption capacity of osteoclasts (2013)

This study investigated the influence of the surface microporosity of beta-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) ceramics on the resorption capacity of osteoclasts. This was achieved by first compacting commercially available β-TCP powder into disks that were sintered at various temperatures, thereby yielding different surface microporosities. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and subsequent image processing verified different degrees of surface microporosity on the disks. Rabbit osteoclasts in a bone marrow derived cell suspension were then seeded onto these disks and incubated for 48 h. Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining confirmed the presence of osteoclasts on all disks. Actin ring staining that detected actively resorbing OCs showed an inverse linear correlation between the number of actively resorbing osteoclasts (percentage of total OCs on the surfaces) with surface microporosity. These findings should be taken into consideration for the design and/or production of new β-TCP bone graft substitutes.