gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Postoperative course after portacaval anastomosis in rats is determined by the portacaval pressure gradient (1991)

Variability in experimental results have led to criticism regarding the validity of the rat after portacaval anastomosis (PCA) as a model of changes induced by portal-systemic shunting (PSS). A nonsuture technique using cyanoacrylate glue has been reported to yield a better experimental preparation. To investigate if variations in splanchnic hemodynamics could explain different outcomes after the procedure, male rats received either an end-to-side PCA or sham operations (16 rats each). The PCA was constructed using the "suture" or "glue" technique (8 rats each). Beginning on postoperative day 24 under methoxyflurane and ketamine anesthesia, pressures were recorded from the portal vein, inferior vena cava, and femoral artery. Blood flow to the splanchnic organs and the percent PSS were assessed using the microsphere technique. The rate of delivery of NH3 from the portal vein to the systemic circulation and the concentration of glutamine in the cerebrospinal fluid were determined. In PCA rats, weight gain was significantly impaired, and all animals had evidence of liver atrophy (in both suture and glue groups) when compared with sham animals; a trend toward greater weight gain was seen in glue rats. Portal vein inflow, PSS, NH3 delivery, and CSF glutamine were significantly increased in both PCA-suture and PCA-glue animals compared with sham rats, although no significant differences were seen between the two PCA techniques. When PCA rats from either technique were grouped according to the pressure gradient between portal vein and inferior vena cava, striking differences between animals were now evident.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Hr-anxA1 does not affect macrophage polarization in atherosclerotic plaque. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;(A) Representative staining for M1 macrophage specific marker iNOS. Black arrows indicate fully commited M1 macrophages, white arrows indicate iNOS negative macrophages. (B) Quantification of iNOS-staining indicates no difference between control and anxA1 treated animals. (C) Representative staining of M2 specific marker Ym1. Both control and hr-anxA1 treated mice were negative for Ym1. (D) Staining of Ym1 positive cells in the spleen indicating functionality of anti-Ym1 antibody. All values are represented as mean ±SEM, n = 12 animals per group. Panel A: 200x magnification, scale bar represents 100μm; panel D: 40x and 400x magnification, scale bar represent 500μm and 50μm respectively.&lt;/p&gt;
Increasing Wireless Revenue with Service Differentiation (2010)

New technologies such as IEEE 802.16 (Wi-MAX) [2] and IEEE 802.11e (Wi-Fi with QoS) [1] enable differentiated services. In this study we explore the potential for increasing the revenue of Internet service providers with differentiated services. For concreteness, we focus on two generic services that we call “voice ” and “data. ” However, the analysis applies to services that have different requirements such as video streaming and networked games. Using analytical models we examine the conditions under which the operator can improve his revenue with service differentiation. We verify the results using a simulation of a more complex model of the network.
Robust Hashing Based Video Content Authentication (2013)

Nowadays, robust hashing has been widely adopted in video content authentication. The hash is resistant to common video processing operations, but vulnerable to video malicious attacks. Existing hashing methods to authenticate video, however, usually fail to make a good trade-off between robustness and security. In this work, a novel robust video hashing based on three-dimensional gravity centroid (3DGCbased hashing) is proposed for video authentication. Video frames are firstly normalized and partitioned on the basis of Hausdorff distance. Sub video cubes are generated from grouped video frames in both space and time domain. Then centroid of three-dimensional gradient are extracted from these cubs and quantized to form the video hash. During the experiments, parameters settings of the 3DGC-based hashing are discussed and the results show that the proposed method is superior to other methods in terms of security and robustness.
Sanitary status of mammary gland: evaluation of the administration of selenium and vitamin E in sheep (2002)

[EN] The correlations between vitamin E, selenium and the mammary gland have been studied above all in dairy cow, while not much is known in sheep. For this reason it was decided to evaluate the effect of selenium and vit. E on the sanitary status of mammary gland in sheep. Thirty Comisana breed subjects were subdivided in 3 groups, one of them was utilised as control group (C). Of the other two groups, one received, every 15 days via parenteral , 0.3 mg of sodium selenite and 5 mg of α-tocopherol/kg p.v. (group A) and the other group 5 mg/kg p.v. of α- tocopherol (group B). Considering a pre-established table, samples of milk were collected with a sterile procedure from each mammary gland and submitted to somatic cell count (SCC), then transformed in Linear Score (LS), and bacteriological examination. On the basis of SCC, the samples were subdivided in 4 classes and to each of them were associated the isolated microrganisms. The data were statistically analysed using the FREQ, GLM and CORR procedures of the SAS statistic software package. The milk of treated subjects showed a LS value below average the control group (P<0,01) and a lower percentage of isolates in the group A (P<0,05). The correlation between SCC, LS and the total bacterial count (TBC) were statistically significant (P<0,01)
Modulation of insulinlike growth factor I binding to human fibroblast monolayer cultures by insulinlike growth factor carrier proteins released to the incubation media. (1986)

The relative contributions of type I and type II insulinlike growth factor (IGF) receptors and IGF carrier proteins to the binding of IGF-I tracer to cultured human fibroblasts were determined in competitive binding experiments that used unlabeled insulin and synthetic insulin-IGF-I hybrid molecules containing the A chain of insulin and the B domain of IGF-I. Whereas insulin binds only to type I IGF receptors, the B-IGF-I hybrids bind to type I receptors and IGF carrier proteins but not to type II receptors. In suspended human fibroblasts, IGF-I tracer binds predominantly to type I IGF receptors (inhibition by IGF-I much greater than insulin greater than B-IGF-I hybrid molecules). By contrast, in fibroblast monolayers, IGF-I binding was minimally inhibited by insulin or hybrid molecules, suggesting predominant binding to the type II IGF receptor. The type I receptor appears to be masked on fibroblast monolayers, and to require suspension or detergent solubilization of the cells to be demonstrated. In the course of the monolayers binding experiments, we noted that low concentrations of unlabeled IGF-I (5-10 ng/ml) or B-IGF-I hybrids (100 ng/ml) paradoxically increased IGF-I tracer binding up to twofold. We postulated that during the binding incubation (5 h, 15 degrees C), IGF-I tracer partitioned between binding sites on the cell surface and IGF carrier proteins released to the incubation media. Preferential occupancy of binding sites in the media by unlabeled ligand increased the tracer available to bind to the cells. In support of this hypothesis, carrier proteins were demonstrated in the media at the end of the binding incubation with fibroblast monolayers, and the concentration of unsaturated binding sites in the media correlated inversely with tracer binding to the cells. Thus carrier proteins released to the media during the binding incubation modulate the binding of IGF-I tracer to cell receptors, suggesting that the carrier proteins may play an important role in regulating cellular responsiveness to the IGFs.
Hot Explosive Consolidation of W-Ti Alloys: Microstructural Effects (2001)

Abstract : Full-density W-Ti alloys have been fabricated by a recently developed, hot-explosive-compaction (HEC) technique. The alloy billets, which are formed, consist of W grains embedded in a generally discontinuous, preferentially oriented Ti-rich matrix. The effects of the use of different types of precursor powders, the influence of the W-Ti ratio on the dispersability of the W grains in the alloy, and the postconsolidation anneal control of the Ti-rich matrix were of primary interest. The alloy billets were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The major features of the technique and the microstructural properties of the W-Ti alloys are presented.
Various mechanisms for efficient optical transmission through bilayered subwavelength patterned metal films (2009)

Light transmission through bilayered thin metal films perforated with subwavelength hole arrays are numerically studied based on a full-vector finite-difference time-domain approach. A variety of transmission peaks originating from different physical mechanisms are observed. In addition to the direct tunneling and Fabry-Pèrot resonances, generally possessed by idealized bilayered dielectric slabs, the near-field localized plasmon polaritons also play important roles. They not only influence the direct tunneling in a destructive or constructive way, but the interactions between these localized plasmon polaritons on both metal films also result in additional channels that transfer optical energy effectively.
Oestrous cycle-dependent equine uterine immune response to induced infectious endometritis (2016)

Infectious endometritis is a major cause of reduced pregnancy rates in horses. The objectives of this study were to establish a timeline of the innate immune response in the uterus of healthy horses and to investigate the oestrous cycle effect on this. Endometrial biopsies were collected from five horses before and at 3, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after inoculation of Escherichia coli, once in oestrus and once in dioestrus. They were analysed by quantitative real-time PCR, microbiology and histology. Neutrophil numbers increased from very low levels in the absence of inflammation to severe neutrophilia 3 h after inoculation. The concentrations of mRNAs for Toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR4, NOD-like receptor NLRC5, tissue inhibitor of metallopeptidases 1 (TIMP1) and chemokines CCL2, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 were all increased 3 h after inoculation of E. coli compared to levels detected prior to inoculation. Chemokine mRNA levels remained elevated for 48 h. Concentrations of mRNAs for the antimicrobial peptides equine β-defensin 1 (EBD1), lysozyme, secretory leukoprotease inhibitor (SLPI), lipocalin 2 (LCN2), lactoferrin and uteroferrin were increased between 3 and 12 h post inoculation. The gene for secreted phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> (sPLA<sub>2</sub>) was expressed constitutively. P19 uterocalin mRNA levels were higher in dioestrus than in oestrus over the first 24 h of inflammation. Neutrophils and many innate immune genes responded rapidly to the introduction of E. coli into the uterus, while the oestrous cycle stage had only a relatively minor effect on the response to E. coli. This study has delineated a useful model of innate immunity in infectious endometritis of healthy animals.
Hypertension and Rarefaction during Treatment with Telatinib, a Small Molecule Angiogenesis Inhibitor (2008)

The increase in blood pressure observed in the treatment with telatinib, an angiogenesis inhibitor, may be caused by functional or structural rarefaction.
Accreditation in the computing sciences (Panel Session) (1983)

A joint task force of the ACM and the IEEE Computer Society is meeting regularly to discuss issues relating to accreditation or approval in the computing sciences. In addition to considering various mechanisms to implement the important qualitative review and certification, the Joint Committee is developing a preliminary set of Computer Science Program requirements. Increasing requests are being made to the professional societies to provide guidance in computer science programs. While certain guidance and evaluation mechanisms exists, and agencies to administer them, these tend to be directed to specialized programs and the field is so broad that a wider view must be taken. It is estimated that as many as 500 programs not presently served by existing mechanisms and agencies would benefit from such guidance. This panel will discuss some of the issues relating to implementation of accreditation/approval as well as quantitative criteria for computer science programs that provide competency in the profession. Audience participation and discussion will be encouraged.
An experimental realization of improved grid integrated multilevel inverter based PV systems with MPPT (2022)

Abstract This research work explains a sliding mode controller‐based multilevel inverter for grid integrated photovoltaic power structure. A gravitational search algorithm based on maximum power point tracking has also been discussed for optimal photovoltaic power achievement. Moreover, a two‐stage cascaded interleaved boost converter has been employed, which provides minimised voltage/current ripple, higher current/power density, better efficacy, faster response, and reduced electromagnetic interference as major benefits. The multilevel inverter's proposed constant frequency‐based sliding mode controller provides better transient responses, high photovoltaic power tracking, and good robust behaviour under changing operating conditions. The proposed sliding mode controller has a fixed frequency operation and has low reactivity to parameter divergence. The proposed multilevel diode clamped inverter for grid integrated photovoltaic system provides a reduced number of components and a power rating. The gravitational search algorithm‐based swarm technique as a maximum power point tracking provides high convergence velocity, better accuracy, and good local search capability. The experimentation was carried out to implement control algorithms using the dSPACE platform. The designed multilevel inverter system with proposed control provides average 89.2% inverter efficiency under variation of sun insolations.
A murine transgenic model for transcriptional regulation of the Na/Pi-IIa major renal phosphate cotransporter (2007)

Levels of the type IIa Na/P(i) (Na/Pi-IIa) cotransporter, which serves as the principal mediator of phosphate reabsorption in the kidney, can be modulated through posttranscriptional or posttranslational mechanisms by dietary, hormonal, and pharmacological influences. Previous studies have not demonstrated clear-cut evidence for modulation of Na/Pi-IIa cotransporter levels through transcriptional mechanisms. We have previously demonstrated that a 4.7-kb rat genomic fragment upstream of the rodent Npt2 gene encoding the Na/Pi-IIa cotransporter, is sufficient to mediate its transcriptional activity in vitro (Shachaf C, Skorecki KL, Tzukerman M. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 278: F406-F416, 2000). Accordingly, we have established an in vivo experimental model in which this Npt2 genomic fragment fused upstream of a Lac Z reporter gene was expressed as a transgene in mice. The nine independent transgenic founder lines generated exhibited Lac Z reporter gene expression specifically in the renal cortex. This renal cortical-specific expression driven by the Npt2 promoter was confirmed at the mRNA and protein levels using RT-PCR, histochemistry, and Lac Z enzymatic activity. Furthermore, the expression of the transgene correlated with expression of the endogenous Npt2 gene during embryonic and early postnatal development. Thus we have generated a transgenic mouse model which will enable in vivo investigation of the contribution of transcriptional mechanisms to the overall regulation of Na/Pi-IIa expression under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
Evidence for Non-Random Immunoglobulin VH Gene and Light Chain Isotype Usage in Follicular Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. (2006)

Abstract Background: Antibody diversity is generated by recombination of individual immunoglobulin (Ig) gene segments and subsequent somatic diversification driven by antigen recognition. In the repertoire of expressed B cell receptors (BCR) among normal peripheral B cells, variable heavy (VH) gene segments are not equally represented. The ratio of kappa to lambda light chain usage is also skewed; the normal κ/λ is 1.5. Investigation of the BCR repertoire may provide clues to the genesis of B cell malignancies, as suggested in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). BCR V gene identification during the production of recombinant antibodies used in our ongoing PhII and PhIII FavId® (idiotype/KLH) immunotherapy studies has enabled us to analyze V gene usage from 475 B cell follicular lymphoma (FL) tissue samples. This study reports the results of VH gene and κ/λ gene expression in this FL sample collection. Methods: Ig heavy chain (HC) and light chain (LC) isotypes from B cell FL samples were identified by flow cytometry. VH and VL regions were sequenced from gene specific cDNA libraries prepared from these samples. VH gene usage and κ/λ ratios were compared to frequencies determined for normal peripheral B cells isolated from six healthy volunteers as well as published reports for normal peripheral B cells and other B cell malignancies. Results: Compared to VH gene family usage determined for normal B cells, VH3 usage is higher (68% vs. 42%), VH1 usage is lower (7.8% vs. 22%) and VH4 usage is equivalent (22% vs. 26%) in our cohort of FL patients while VH2, 5, 6 and 7 are infrequently used in both populations. Usage of the VH3 genes within FL derived sequences also depends upon isotype, in that this gene family is preferentially associated with the IgM HC isotype relative to IgG (76% and 57% respectively). Additionally, the combined usage of the specific genes VH3-23 and VH3-48 in our patient collection accounts for over 29% of all VH genes - compared to 9% among normal B cells. These VH gene usages also differ from reports of VH gene expression among CLL and MCL patients. With respect to LC usage, VH3 isolates are associated with a normal κ/λ ratio of 1.6 while VH4 gene isolates are preferentially associated with λ light chains with a κ/λ ratio of 0.9. Finally, FL B cells expressing the IgM HC isotype preferentially co-express κ light chains (κ/λ ratio of 2.4) while IgG expressing cells preferentially utilize λ chains (κ/λ ratio of 0.6). Conclusions: Non-random V gene and LC expression among patients with FL is noted. These distortions in Ig gene expression suggest that lymphomagenesis in FL may be associated with B cell stimulation by common antigens. A program to investigate the epitopes recognized by FL derived BCRs via binding of recombinant FL derived antibodies to protein arrays containing common auto-antigens is currently underway.
High power CW red VECSEL with linearly polarized TEM_00 output beam (2005)

High-power, continuous-wave operation at red wavelengths has been achieved with a vertical external cavity surface emitting laser based on the GaInP/AlGaInP/GaAs material system. Output power of 0.4W was obtained in a linearly polarized, circularly symmetric, diffraction-limited beam. A birefringent filter inserted in the cavity allowed tuning of the laser output spectrum over a 10nm range around 674nm.
Incidence of short stature at 3 years of age in late preterm infants: a population-based study (2014)

The incidence of short stature in 3-year-old children who were late preterm infants has a 2-fold higher risk than that in term infants. The risk of developing short stature is increased 4.5-fold if they are SGA.
Molecular dynamics simulations and docking of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs): a possible approach to personalized HIV treatment (2012)

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is currently ranked sixth in the worldwide causes of death [1]. One treatment approach is to inhibit reverse transcriptase (RT), an enzyme essential for reverse transcription of viral RNA into DNA before integration into the host genome [2]. By using non-nucleoside RT inhibitors (NNRTIs) [3], which target an allosteric binding site, major side effects can be evaded. Unfortunately, high genetic variability of HIV in combination with selection pressure introduced by drug treatment enables the virus to develop resistance against this drug class by developing point mutations. This situation necessitates treatment with alternative NNRTIs that target the particular RT mutants encountered in a patient. Previously, proteochemometric approaches have demonstrated some success in predicting binding of particular NNRTIs to individual mutants; however a structurebased approach may help to further improve the predictive success of such models. Hence, our aim is to rationalize the experimental activity of known NNRTIs against a variety of RT mutants by combining molecular modeling, long-timescale atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulation sampling and ensemble docking. Initial control experiments on known inhibitor-RT mutant complexes using this protocol were successful, and the predictivity for further complexes is currently being evaluated. In addition to predictive power, MD simulations of multiple RT mutants are providing fundamental insight into the dynamics of the allosteric NNRTI binding site which is useful for the design of future inhibitors. Overall, work of this type is hoped to contribute to the development of predictive efficacy models for individual patients, and hence towards personalized HIV treatment options.
Online Prognosis of Bimodal Crack Evolution for Fatigue Life Prediction of Composite Laminates Using Particle Filters (2021)

Composite materials are extensively used in aircraft structures, wherein they are subjected to cyclic loads and subsequently impact-induced damages. Progressive fatigue degradation can lead to catastrophic failure. This highlights the need for an efficient prognostic framework to predict crack propagation in the field of structural health monitoring (SHM) of composite structures to improve functional safety and reliability. However, achieving good accuracy in crack growth prediction is challenging due to uncertainties in the material properties, loading conditions, and environmental factors. This paper presents a particle-filter-based online prognostic framework for damage prognosis of composite laminates due to crack-induced delamination and fiber breakage. An optimized Paris law model is used to describe the damage propagation in glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates subject to low-velocity impacts. Our proposed methodology deduces the jump energy/inflection point online wherein the damage growth switches from rapid degradation to slow degradation. The prediction results obtained are compared with the conventional Paris law model to validate the need for an optimized bimodal crack growth propagation model. The root mean square error (RMSE) and remaining useful life (RUL) prediction errors are used as the prognostic metrics.
Strengthening Mechanisms of High-Performance Concrete (1994)

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