gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Construction of a series of lanthanide metal–organic frameworks: synthesis, structure, luminescence and white light emission (2015)

A series of new lanthanide metal–organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) [Ln2(L)3(H2O)4]·2H2O (1) (Ln = Eu, Tb, Gd), and [Gd2(H2O)4(L)(C2O4)2]·3H2O (2) were synthesized based on 4-hydroxypyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (H2L) under hydrothermal conditions. 1 exhibits isomorphous 2D wave-like networks constructed by paddle-wheel [Ln(L)3] units and LnO4(H2O)4 polyhedra. 2 shows a (4,4)-connected 3D framework with a Schlafli symbol of 66. Oxalic acid in the resulting framework of 2 is formed in situ under hydrothermal conditions. Luminescence studies indicate that 1-Eu and 1-Tb show characteristic red and green emissions of the corresponding Ln3+ ions, respectively, while 1-Gd and 2 exhibit blue emission arising from the H2L ligand. Then, by adjusting the co-doping ratio of three different Ln3+ ions into the same framework as that of 1, a novel doped Ln-MOF, [(Eu0.0073Tb0.0007Gd0.992)2(H2O)4(L)3]·2H2O (3), is successfully designed and synthesized, which shows white light emission upon excitation at 340 nm and its emission can also be switched between different colors. In addition, 1-Gd shows weak ferromagnetic interactions.
Oscillator strength and sum rule for intersubband transitions in a superlattice (1993)

The oscillator strength for the inter-minisubband optical absorption is calculated for a superlattice. For periodic structures the matrix element 〈n\ensuremath{\Vert}x\ensuremath{\Vert}n'〉 is ill defined and we show how the definition of the position operator has to be modified in order to obtain the correct result which then leads to the same result as a calculation of the oscillator strength using the matrix element 〈n\ensuremath{\Vert}p\ensuremath{\Vert}n'〉. A new sum rule for super- lattices is derived, which involves averaging over wave vectors in the first Brillouin zone.
Kinematic Plasticity during Flight in Fruit Bats: Individual Variability in Response to Loading (2012)

All bats experience daily and seasonal fluctuation in body mass. An increase in mass requires changes in flight kinematics to produce the extra lift necessary to compensate for increased weight. How bats modify their kinematics to increase lift, however, is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of a 20% increase in mass on flight kinematics for Cynopterus brachyotis, the lesser dog-faced fruit bat. We reconstructed the 3D wing kinematics and how they changed with the additional mass. Bats showed a marked change in wing kinematics in response to loading, but changes varied among individuals. Each bat adjusted a different combination of kinematic parameters to increase lift, indicating that aerodynamic force generation can be modulated in multiple ways. Two main kinematic strategies were distinguished: bats either changed the motion of the wings by primarily increasing wingbeat frequency, or changed the configuration of the wings by increasing wing area and camber. The complex, individual-dependent response to increased loading in our bats points to an underappreciated aspect of locomotor control, in which the inherent complexity of the biomechanical system allows for kinematic plasticity. The kinematic plasticity and functional redundancy observed in bat flight can have evolutionary consequences, such as an increase potential for morphological and kinematic diversification due to weakened locomotor trade-offs.
A Structural Model of the Complex Formed by Phospholamban and the Calcium Pump of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Obtained by Molecular Mechanics (2002)

Phospholamban (PLN) is an intrinsic membrane protein of 52 amino acids that modulates the activity of the reticular Ca(2+) ion pump. We recently solved the three-dimensional structure of chemically synthesized, unphosphorylated, monomeric PLN (C41F) by high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in chloroform/methanol. The structure is composed of two alpha-helical regions connected by a beta turn (Type III). We used this structure and the crystallographic structure of the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump (SERCA) recently determined by Toyoshima and co-workers and modeled into its E(2) form by Stokes (1KJU) or by Toyoshima (1FQU). We applied restrained and unrestrained energy optimizations and used the AMBER molecular mechanics force field to model the complex formed between PLN and the pump. The results indicate that transmembrane helix 6 (M6) of the SERCA pump is energetically favored, with respect to the other transmembrane helices, as the PLN binding partner within the membrane and is the only one of these helices that also permits contact between the N-terminal residues of PLN and the critical cytosolic binding loop region of the pump. This result is in agreement with published biochemical data and with the predictions of previous mutagenesis work on the membrane sector of the pump. The model reveals that PLN does not span the entire width of the membrane, that is, its hydrophobic C-terminal end is located near the center of the transmembrane region of the SERCA pump. The model also shows that interaction with M6 is stabilized by additional contacts made by PLN to M4. The contact between the N-terminal portion of PLN and the pump is stabilized by a number of salt and hydrogen-bond bridges, which may be abolished by phosphorylation of PLN. The contacts between the cytosolic portions of PLN and the pump are only observed in the E(2) conformation of the pump. Our model of the complex also offers a plausible structural explanation for the preference of protein kinase A for phosphorylation of Ser16 of PLN.
MMP-1 and Pro-MMP-10 as Potential Urinary Pharmacodynamic Biomarkers of FGFR3-Targeted Therapy in Patients with Bladder Cancer (2014)

These findings reveal a critical role of FGFR3 in regulating MMP-1 and pro-MMP-10 expression and secretion, and identify urinary MMP-1 and pro-MMP-10 as potential pharmacodynamic biomarkers for R3Mab in patients with bladder cancer.
ChemInform Abstract: Ion Exchange Membranes. Application of Organic Media (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Design of a precision flexural linear stage system with sub-nanometer resolution and 12-mm travel range (2013)

Precision ball-bearing-based or roller-bearing-based positioning stage systems are capable of providing a large travel range. However, it is not possible to meet requirements in sub-nanometer positioning resolution, high tilting stiffness, and microradian-level straightness of trajectory repeatability with a simple rolling element guiding system. To meet those requirements and still allow for large travel range, we have designed a novel precision flexural linear stage. It is capable of sub-nanometer positioning resolution and 12-mm travel range for synchrotron radiation instrumentation applications. The design and preliminary test results for a prototype stage system are discussed in this paper.
In silico analysis of pathways activation landscape in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral leukoplakia (2017)

A subset of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most common subtype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), harbor dysplastic lesions (often visually identified as leukoplakia) prior to cancer diagnosis. Although evidence suggest that leukoplakia represents an initial step in the progression to cancer, signaling networks driving this progression are poorly understood. Here, we applied <i>in silico</i> Pathway Activation Network Decomposition Analysis (iPANDA), a new bioinformatics software suite for qualitative analysis of intracellular signaling pathway activation using transcriptomic data, to assess a network of molecular signaling in OSCC and pre-neoplastic oral lesions. In tumor samples, our analysis detected major conserved mitogenic and survival signaling pathways strongly associated with HNSCC, suggesting that some of the pathways identified by our algorithm, but not yet validated as HNSCC related, may be attractive targets for future research. While pathways activation landscape in the majority of leukoplakias was different from that seen in OSCC, a subset of pre-neoplastic lesions has demonstrated some degree of similarity to the signaling profile seen in tumors, including dysregulation of the cancer-driving pathways related to survival and apoptosis. These results suggest that dysregulation of these signaling networks may be the driving force behind the early stages of OSCC tumorigenesis. While future studies with larger leukoplakia data sets are warranted to further estimate the values of this approach for capturing signaling features that characterize relevant lesions that actually progress to cancers, our platform proposes a promising new approach for detecting cancer-promoting pathways and tailoring the right therapy to prevent tumorigenesis.
Scalable techniques for document identifier assignment in inverted indexes (2010)

Web search engines depend on the full-text inverted index data structure. Because the query processing performance is so dependent on the size of the inverted index, a plethora of research has focused on fast end effective techniques for compressing this structure. Recently, several authors have proposed techniques for improving index compression by optimizing the assignment of document identifiers to the documents in the collection, leading to significant reduction in overall index size.
恢复内在性应有的地位——对梅洛-庞蒂后期哲学的思考 (1988)

著者首先分析,然后批判梅洛-庞蒂的遗著《可见的与不可见的》。他指出,梅洛-庞蒂的某些关键性概念,如象“世界的肉”,是有问题的。他以“人的内在性”概念反对梅洛-庞蒂的含蓄的一元论。他证明,语言交往现象和道德生活现象只有借助于“人”的范畴才是可以想象的。著者得出结论说,被梅洛-庞蒂称作“人之内的形而上学东西”预先假定了一种极易对彻底外在性的要求作出反应的内在性。
Speech/music discrimination for radio broadcasts using a hybrid HMM-Bayesian Network architecture (2006)

This paper presents a speech/music discrimination scheme for ra-dio recordings using a hybrid architecture based on a combination of a Variable Duration Hidden Markov Model (VDHMM) and a Bayesian Network (BN). The proposed scheme models speech and music as states in a VDHMM. A modified Viterbi algorithm for the computation of the observations ’ probabilities at each state is pro-posed. This is achieved by embedding a BN, that outputs to the HMM the required probability values. The proposed system has been tested on audio recordings from a variety of radio stations and has exhibited an overall performance close to 95%. 1.
A flow-routing approach for optical IP networks (2002)

A novel flow-routing approach with the feature of retaining packet sequence is proposed for optical Internet protocol (IP) networks. Analytical results demonstrate its effectiveness in increasing the good-throughput of the router especially during the congestion period.
Comments on “On the Stability of Random Systems” (1960)

Dr. Samuels [1] is to be congratulated on a most interesting paper. It is unfortunate that a number of errors appear in Sec. III which invalidate both that section and Sect. IV.
Quercetin attenuates fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia in animal models of diabetes mellitus (2011)

The objective of this study was to investigate the hypoglycemic effects of quercetin (QE) in animal models of diabetes mellitus (DM). A starch solution (1 g/kg) with and without QE (100 mg/kg) or acarbose (40 mg/kg) was orally administered to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats after an overnight fast. Postprandial plasma glucose levels were measured and incremental areas under the response curve were calculated. To study the effects of chronic feeding of QE, five-week-old db/db mice were fed an AIN-93G diet, a diet containing QE at 0.08%, or a diet containing acarbose at 0.03% for 7 weeks after 1 week of adaptation. Plasma glucose and insulin, blood glycated hemoglobin, and maltase activity of the small intestine were measured. Oral administration of QE (100 mg/kg) or acarbose (40 mg/kg) to STZ-treated rats significantly decreased incremental plasma glucose levels 30-180 min after a single oral dose of starch and the area under the postprandial glucose response, compared with the control group. QE (0.08% of diet) or acarbose (0.03% of diet) offered to db/db mice significantly reduced both plasma glucose and blood glycated hemoglobin compared to controls without significant influence on plasma insulin. Small intestine maltase activities were significantly reduced by consumption of QE or acarbose. Thus, QE could be effective in controlling fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels in animal models of DM.
Knee Extensor Rate of Torque Development After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Hamstring Tendon Autografts in Young Female Athletes (2021)

Abstract Background: For the measurement of functional deficits after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with bone-patellar-tendon bone (BTB) grafts, the knee extensor rate of torque development (RTD) is known as a relevant outcome. However, it remains unclear if the RTD is also a relevant outcome after ACLR with semitendinosus and gracilis tendon (STG) autografts. The purpose of the present study was to compare the limb symmetry index (LSI) of the RTD of the quadriceps with that of the peak torque after ACLR using STG autografts and to investigate the relationship between the self-reported functional outcome and the LSI of the torque parameters. Methods : Eighteen young female athletes after ACLR with STG grafts (age: 16.8 ± 1.3 years; time after surgery: 8.6 ± 0.8 months). The participants had undergone three maximal voluntary isometric quadriceps tests using an isokinetic dynamometer. Using the torque-time curves, the peak torque, RTD 100 (0 to 100 ms) and RTD 200 (100 to 200 ms) were determined. The International Knee Documentation Committee subjective knee evaluation form (IKDC-SKF) was used to assess self-reported knee function. Comparisons of the LSI of the peak torque and RTD were performed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni’s correction as a post-hoc test. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine the associations of the IKDC-SKF score with the LSI of the RTD and peak torque. Results : The LSI of the peak torque and RTD 200 was significantly lower than that of the RTD 100 (peak torque vs RTD 100 : P = 0.017; RTD 200 vs RTD 100 : P = 0.015). The LSI of the peak torque was positively correlated with the IKDC-SKF score ( R = 0.621; P = 0.006). Conclusions : The peak torque and RTD 200 were more sensitive for detecting inter-limb differences in quadriceps function than RTD 100 . The IKDC-SKF score was correlated with the LSI of the quadriceps peak torque but not with that of the RTD. The peak torque of the quadriceps was considered an appropriate screening for functional recovery after ACLR with STG grafts.
NEW YORK DERMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY (1947)

<h3>Erythema Annulare Centrifugum. Presented by Dr. Fred Wise.</h3> J. C., a girl aged 2 years and 3 months, has had intermittent eruptions of urticaria papulosa since she was 3 months of age. The baby's general health has been excellent, and the eruptions seem to be uninfluenced by dietetic restrictions. About two months ago a gyrate eruption appeared on the abdomen and the thighs; the lesions occurred at irregular intervals, lasting a week to ten days, and faded spontaneously at different intervals. Examination showed widespread, well defined, ringed lesions, varying in diameter from 4 to 8 inches (10 to 20 cm.), on the abdomen, buttocks and thighs. The borders were 1/4 inch (0.6 cm.) broad, bright red, and faintly elevated at their outer edges, while the inner edges sloped toward the interior of the circles, which showed no visible changes. The mother stated that the ringed lesions disappeared promptly after the
Unsupervised Learning via Meta-Learning (2018)

A central goal of unsupervised learning is to acquire representations from unlabeled data or experience that can be used for more effective learning of downstream tasks from modest amounts of labeled data. Many prior unsupervised learning works aim to do so by developing proxy objectives based on reconstruction, disentanglement, prediction, and other metrics. Instead, we develop an unsupervised meta-learning method that explicitly optimizes for the ability to learn a variety of tasks from small amounts of data. To do so, we construct tasks from unlabeled data in an automatic way and run meta-learning over the constructed tasks. Surprisingly, we find that, when integrated with meta-learning, relatively simple task construction mechanisms, such as clustering embeddings, lead to good performance on a variety of downstream, human-specified tasks. Our experiments across four image datasets indicate that our unsupervised meta-learning approach acquires a learning algorithm without any labeled data that is applicable to a wide range of downstream classification tasks, improving upon the embedding learned by four prior unsupervised learning methods.
Paucity of V-D-D-J Rearrangements and VH Replacement Events in Lupus Prone and Nonautoimmune TdT−/− and TdT+/+ Mice (2006)

CDR3 regions containing two D segments, or containing the footprints of V(H) replacement events, have been reported in both mice and humans. However, the 12-23 bp rule for V(D)J recombination predicts that D-D rearrangements, which would occur between 2 recombination signal sequences (RSSs) with 12-bp spacers, should be extremely disfavored, and the cryptic RSS used for V(H) replacement is very inefficient. We have previously shown that newborn mice, which lack TdT due to the late onset of its expression, do not contain any CDR3 with D-D rearrangements. In the present study, we test our hypothesis that most D-D rearrangements are due to fortuitous matching of the second apparent D segment by TdT-introduced N nucleotides. We analyzed 518 sequences from adult MRL/lpr- and C57BL/6 TdT-deficient B cell precursors and found only two examples of CDR3 with D-D rearrangements and one example of a potential V(H) replacement event. We examined rearrangements from pre-B cells, marginal zone B cells, and follicular B cells from mice congenic for the Lbw5 (Sle3/5) lupus susceptibility loci and from other strains of mice and found very few examples of CDR3 with D-D rearrangements. We assayed B progenitor cells, and cells enriched for receptor editing, for DNA breaks at the "cryptic heptamer" but such breaks were rare. We conclude that many examples of apparent D-D rearrangements in the mouse are likely due to N additions that fortuitously match short stretches of D genes and that D-D rearrangements and V(H) replacement are rare occurrences in the mouse.
Synthesis of α-MoTe2 Nanorods via Annealing Te-Seeded Amorphous MoTe2 Particles (2004)

Semiconductor alpha-MoTe2 nanorods have been synthesized by annealing Te-seeded particles of an amorphous MoTe2 intermediate. This intermediate is prepared by a solution reaction between Mo(CO)6 and elemental Te in diphenylmethane. The as-synthesized products were characterized by structural, compositional, and morphological techniques of X-ray diffraction, selected area electron diffraction, selected area energy dispersive spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results of the annealing process are MoTe2 nanorods with diameters of 50-200 nm and lengths ranging from 0.1 to 3.0 microm. Here, the rodlike structure of MoTe2 is reported for the first time, and added to the list as one kind of new morphology of MoTe2 nanomaterials. A mechanism for the formation of the nanorods is proposed. The sandwich-layered structure of Te-Mo-Te and the similarity in the structure between hexagonal alpha-MoTe2 and hexagonal Te are responsible for the formation of nanorods of MoTe2.
Oxygen diffusivity of biologic and synthetic scaffold materials for tissue engineering (2008)

Scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications are commonly manufactured from synthetic materials, intact or isolated components of extracellular matrix (ECM), or a combination of such materials. After surgical implantation, the metabolic requirements of cells that populate the scaffold depend upon adequate gas and nutrient exchange with the surrounding microenvironment. The present study measured the oxygen transfer through three biologic scaffold materials composed of ECM including small intestinal submucosa (SIS), urinary bladder submucosa (UBS), and urinary bladder matrix (UBM), and one synthetic biomaterial, Dacron. The oxygen diffusivity was calculated from Fick's first law of diffusion. Each material permitted measurable oxygen diffusion. The diffusivity of SIS was found to be dependent on the direction of oxygen transfer; the oxygen transfer in the abluminal-to-luminal direction was significantly greater than the luminal-to-abluminal direction. The oxygen diffusivity of UBM and UBS were similar despite the presence of an intact basement membrane on the luminal surface of UBM. Dacron showed oxygen diffusivity values seven times greater than the ECM biomaterials. The current study showed that each material has unique oxygen diffusivity values, and these values may be dependent on the scaffold's ultrastructure.
Shape Memory Alloy Expandable Pedicle Screw to Enhance Fixation in Osteoporotic Bone: Primary Design and Finite Element Simulation (2012)

The properties of shape memory alloys, specifically the equiatomic intermetallic NiTi, are unique and significant in that they offer simple and effective solutions for some of the biomechanical issues encountered in orthopedics. Pedicle screws, used as an anchoring point for the implantation of spinal instrumentations in the spinal fracture and deformity treatments, entail the major drawback of loosening and backing out in osteoporotic bone. The strength of the screw contact with the surrounding bone diminishes as the bone degrades due to osteoporosis. The SMArtTM pedicle screw design is developed to address the existing issue in degraded bone. It is based on the interaction of bi-stable shape memory-superelastic elements. The bi-stable assembly acts antagonistically and consists of an external superelastic tube that expands the design protrusions when body temperature is attained; also an internal shape memory wire, inserted into the tube, retracts the assembly while locally heated to above the body temperature. This innovative bi-stable solution augments the pull-out resistance while still allowing for screw removal. The antagonistic wire-tube assembly was evaluated and parametrically analyzed as for the interaction of the superelastic tube and shape memory wire using a finite element model developed in COMSOL Multiphysics®. The outcomes of the simulation suggest that shape memory NiTi inserts on the SMArtTM pedicle screw can achieve the desired antagonistic functionality of expansion and retraction. Consequently, a parametric analysis was conducted over the effect of different sizes of wires and tubes. The dimensions for the first sample of this innovative pedicle screw were determined based on the results of this analysis.
Three-dimensional respiratory-gated MR angiography of coronary arteries: comparison with conventional coronary angiography. (1996)

Respiratory-gated 3D MR angiography allows accurate identification of proximal coronary arteries and may be valuable for 3D imaging of coronary anomalies. Further technical improvements are required to enhance the value of the technique in detecting stenoses.