gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interactions between Sec Complex and Prepro-α-Factor during Posttranslational Protein Transport into the Endoplasmic Reticulum (2003)

Posttranslational translocation of prepro-alpha-factor (ppalphaF) across the yeast endoplasmic reticulum membrane begins with the binding of the signal sequence to the Sec complex, a membrane component consisting of the trimeric Sec61p complex and the tetrameric Sec62p/63p complex. We show by photo-cross-linking that the signal sequence is bound directly to a site where it contacts simultaneously Sec61p and Sec62p, suggesting that there is a single signal sequence recognition step. We found no evidence for the simultaneous contact of the signal sequence with two Sec61p molecules. To identify transmembrane segments of Sec61p that line the actual translocation pore, a late translocation intermediate of ppalphaF was generated with photoreactive probes incorporated into the mature portion of the polypeptide. Cross-linking to multiple regions of Sec61p was observed. In contrast to the signal sequence, neighboring positions of the mature portion of ppalphaF had similar interactions with Sec61p. These data suggest that the channel pore is lined by several transmembrane segments, which have no significant affinity for the translocating polypeptide chain.
Supplementary Table 1 from Motixafortide and Pembrolizumab Combined to Nanoliposomal Irinotecan, Fluorouracil, and Folinic Acid in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: The COMBAT/KEYNOTE-202 Trial (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 1&lt;/p&gt;
Group-wise automatic mesh-based analysis of cortical thickness (2011)

The analysis of neuroimaging data from pediatric populations presents several challenges. There are normal variations in brain shape from infancy to adulthood and normal developmental changes related to tissue maturation. Measurement of cortical thickness is one important way to analyze such developmental tissue changes. We developed a novel framework that allows group-wise automatic mesh-based analysis of cortical thickness. Our approach is divided into four main parts. First an individual pre-processing pipeline is applied on each subject to create genus-zero inflated white matter cortical surfaces with cortical thickness measurements. The second part performs an entropy-based group-wise shape correspondence on these meshes using a particle system, which establishes a trade-off between an even sampling of the cortical surfaces and the similarity of corresponding points across the population using sulcal depth information and spatial proximity. A novel automatic initial particle sampling is performed using a matched 98-lobe parcellation map prior to a particle-splitting phase. Third, corresponding re-sampled surfaces are computed with interpolated cortical thickness measurements, which are finally analyzed via a statistical vertex-wise analysis module. This framework consists of a pipeline of automated 3D Slicer compatible modules. It has been tested on a small pediatric dataset and incorporated in an open-source C++ based high-level module called GAMBIT. GAMBIT's setup allows efficient batch processing, grid computing and quality control. The current research focuses on the use of an average template for correspondence and surface re-sampling, as well as thorough validation of the framework and its application to clinical pediatric studies.
The antigen-specific CD8+ T cell repertoire in unimmunized mice includes memory phenotype cells bearing markers of homeostatic expansion (2009)

Memory T cells exhibit superior responses to pathogens and tumors compared with their naive counterparts. Memory is typically generated via an immune response to a foreign antigen, but functional memory T cells can also be produced from naive cells by homeostatic mechanisms. Using a recently developed method, we studied CD8 T cells, which are specific for model (ovalbumin) and viral (HSV, vaccinia) antigens, in unimmunized mice and found a subpopulation bearing markers of memory cells. Based on their phenotypic markers and by their presence in germ-free mice, these preexisting memory-like CD44(hi) CD8 T cells are likely to arise via physiological homeostatic proliferation rather than a response to environmental microbes. These antigen-inexperienced memory phenotype CD8 T cells display several functions that distinguish them from their CD44(lo) counterparts, including a rapid initiation of proliferation after T cell stimulation and rapid IFN-gamma production after exposure to proinflammatory cytokines. Collectively, these data indicate that the unprimed antigen-specific CD8 T cell repertoire contains antigen-inexperienced cells that display phenotypic and functional traits of memory cells.
Über 1.2.4‐Triazole, XVII. Die Nitrierung und Bromierung von 1.2.4‐Triazolonen (1969)

Abstract Die Nitrierung von 1.2.4‐Triazolonen‐(5) ergibt die 3‐Nitroverbindungen, während sich die entsprechenden 1.2.4‐Triazolone‐(3) wie die 5‐Alkoxy‐1.2.4‐triazole nicht nitrieren lassen. Sowohl bei N ‐ wie bei C ‐phenyl‐ oder ‐benzylsubstituierten 1.2.4‐Triazolonen‐(5) findet die Nitrierung außer in 3‐Stellung des 1.2.4‐Triazolonringes auch in p ‐Stellung des Phenylkerns, im 1‐Phenyl‐ bzw. 1‐Benzyl‐1.2.4‐triazolon‐(3) nur in p ‐Stellung statt. – Die Bromierung führt nur bei N ‐monosubstituierten 1.2.4‐Triazolonen‐(5) zu den entsprechenden, 3‐Brom‐1.2.4‐triazolonen‐(5). Die gleichen, und auch auf diesem Wege nicht zugängliche, 3‐Halogen‐1.2.4‐triazolone‐(5) können durch säurekatalysierten nucleophilen Austausch aus den entsprechenden 3‐Nitro‐1.2.4‐triazolonen‐(5) mit Hilfe der Halogenwasserstoffsäuren gewonnen werden. – Außerdem wird die Reduktion der Nitrogruppe, die Methylierung, der Austausch von Brom gegen Chlor und von Halogen gegen die Aminogruppe an einzelnen der dargestellten Verbindungen beschrieben.
A Novel Mangled Upper Extremity Injury Assessment Score (2019)

Existing extremity scoring systems, including the MESS, are not reliable in predicting the success of limb salvage attempts or outcomes of mangled upper extremity injuries. The MUES developed in this study correlates significantly with important outcome measures including the number of hospital complications and length of hospital stay.
Structural Study on Mechanical Behavior of Glass (2004)

Mechanical behavior and structure of glass under pressure and stress were investigated to seek a guiding principle for obtaining a less brittle glass. A new simple method for measurement of brittleness was proposed by using the concept of brittleness defined from deformation and fracture behaviors. Using this method, brittleness was measured for various kinds of glasses. It was found that in the case of normal glasses, the brittleness decreased monotonically with decreasing density, while in the case of anomalous glasses, the brittleness increased with decreasing density. As a result, in most silicate glass systems, a minimum brittleness appeared at a certain density in the transition region from normal glass to anomalous glass. The glasses in the minimum region showed easier deformation and higher cracking-resistance. A 50% decrease in brittleness resulted in the increase of crack initiation load by about 15 times. To clarify structural change during deformation and fracture, molecular dynamics simulation was carried out for glasses with different brittleness. When the glasses were subjected to relatively low pressure and stress, they showed mostly elastic deformation caused by changing bond angle of Si-O-Si. With increasing pressure and stress, they showed inelastic deformation due to flow and densification besides elastic deformation. The inelastic deformation resulted from the movement of modifier ions and the rearrangement of network structure. Finally, the glasses fractured, forming cavities in the network. It was concluded that a higher polymerized network and an easier movement of modifier ions were important for lower brittleness, which can be related to easier deformation and more difficult cavitation, namely, more difficult cracking.
Could bovine serum albumin be the initiating antigen ultimately responsible for the development of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus? (1989)

Western blotting of either a cloned rat beta-islet tumour cell extract or isolated BB rat islets with rat anti-bovine serum albumin antiserum revealed a cross-reacting protein (Mr = 69,000). A protein of similar molecular size was observed by fluorography in proteins immunoprecipitated from islet cells labelled with (35S)-methionine using anti-bovine serum albumin antiserum. In comparing the primary structure of the beta subunits of the proteins Ia, DQ and DR a region of homology with bovine serum albumin became evident. Analysis of the amino-acid homology in relation to the DR/DQ allotypes found in the human population gave a strong correlation between the combined DR and DQ homology score with bovine serum albumin and the incidence of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.
Visualization technique of radiowave propagation environments by using a new holography method (2002)

A new method for evaluating radiowave propagation environments is proposed. The technique yields accurate estimation of 3-D scattering path by using dual-frequency holography method and amplitude compensation based on the exact Green's function. Some results of the computer simulation and the experiment are presented to demonstrate the validity and the accuracy of the proposed method.
When multidisciplinary surgical trans-orbital approaches should be considered to reach the skull base (2021)

The transorbital approaches are a group of surgical procedures performed passing through the orbital spaces and aimed to reach deeper areas. This kind of surgery has been proved to be safe and effective in the management of selected lesions of the anterior, middle and infratemporal fossa. The aim of the present study is to perform a review of the literature, in order to draw the reader’s attention on the main features of this kind of surgery, focusing on the anatomical background and the surgical setting; we will also summary the current indications and contraindications to this approach and find out the related complications and the possible alternatives. Even if we consider the transorbital approach as a promising route to the skull base, we underline that there is no better approach over another and the choice must always consider several elements. Furthermore, as for every skull base procedure, a multidisciplinary management is strongly advisable.
Pulse Density Modulated Soft-Switching High-Frequency Inverter for Mercuryless Fluorescent Lamp Dimming (2005)

This paper presents soft switching zero voltage switching high frequency inverter for rare gas fluorescent lamp using dielectric-barrier discharge phenomenon. The simple high-frequency inverter can completely achieve stable zero voltage soft switching (ZVS) commutation for wide its output power regulation ranges and load variations under its constant high frequency pulse density modulation(PDM) scheme. The experimental operating performances of this high frequency inverter are illustrated as compared with computer simulation results and experimental ones. Its light dimming characteristics due to power regulation scheme are evaluated and discussed on the basis of simulation and experimental results. The feasible effectiveness of this high frequency inverter appliance implemented here is proven from the practical point of view.
Thermodynamic studies of some anion-exchange equilibria. Part 3.—Determination of standard enthalpy changes of uni-bivalent exchange processes (1969)

Anion-exchange isotherms for the sulphate-chloride exchange system in the temperature range 25–65°C have been established for resins of various degrees of cross-linking and the free energy changes evaluated by two methods.1,2 The difference between the corresponding values so obtained is small and the differences between the corresponding values of the enthalpy changes derived using the van't Hoff isochore are less than the variation due to experimental error. Preliminary studies of the selenate-chloride and oxalate-chloride systems lead to the same conclusion. Accordingly the use of the simpler relationship to derive ΔG° and ΔH° is advocated. Calorimetric measurements have been made of the enthalpy changes for reactions of the type, text-decoration:overline2Cl–+B2–⇌text-decoration:overlineB2–+2Cl–, using an isothermal solution calorimeter. The values obtained are compared with those from the isotherm data and are combined with the values of ΔG° previously reported to obtain the entropy changes.
RDS-student : software for aircraft design, sizing, and performance (1999)

RDS program description RDS operation notes analysis module descriptions trade study procedures.
How high G+C Gram-positive bacteria and in particular bifidobacteria cope with heat stress: protein players and regulators (2006)

The Actinobacteridae group of bacteria includes pathogens, plant commensals, endosymbionts as well as inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract. For various reasons, these microorganisms represent a growing area of interest with respect to genomics, molecular biology and genetics. This review will discuss the current knowledge on the molecular players that allow actinobacteria to contend with heat stress, with an emphasis on bifidobacteria. We describe the principal molecular chaperones involved in heat stress. Temporal expression of heat-shock genes based on functional genomics in members of the Actinobacteridae group is also discussed, as well as the emerging molecular mechanisms controlling the heat-stress response.
Additive manufacturing techniques for fabricating complex ceramic components from preceramic polymers (2017)

Capsule summary
THE MATERIALS
Manufacturers can use preceramic polymers to produce ceramic components in a range of compositions using a variety of additive manufacturing technologies. Preceramic polymers even can overcome some of the problems that are intrinsic to additive manufacturing in general. 
THE APPLICATION
Modifying the composition, molecular architecture, and molecular weight of preceramic polymers allows adaptation of these materials to specific processing requirements of individual additive manufacturing technologies. 
THE OPPORTUNITY
Further development of new additive manufacturing technologies, in addition to improvement of existing technologies, will enable manufacturing of advanced ceramic components with enhanced mechanical characteristics and new functional properties.
Three-Beam Guns for Color Kinescopes (1951)

The three-beam gun assembly for the aperture-mask tri-color kinescope consists of three guns located so that their axes are mutually parallel, equidistant from, and spaced 120 degrees about the axis of the assembly. The No. 4 grids open into a large common cup. The three electron beams are converged to a point on the aperture mask by an electrostatic lens formed between the large cup and the conductive neck coating. The focus of the individual beams is controlled mainly by the voltage applied to grid No. 3. The potentials of grids Nos. 3 and 4 may be varied in synchronism with the scanning frequencies so as to maintain beam focus and convergence over the entire screen area. The individual guns, of glass-beaded construction, are held in position by support spacers welded to eyelets around the gun cylinders. Many standard-type gun parts and manufacturing procedures are used. The beam spacing and gun placement are related to the design dimensions of the screen assembly. The guns are positioned with accurately machined, three-fingered fixtures which use the gun apertures as reference positions. Separate leads for cathodes and grids Nos. 1 and 2 of the three guns permit adjustment of grid drive charactexistics so the ratios of three beam currents are constant with grid drive. Thus, correct color is maintained, independent of changes in brightness. A variation of the parallel-beam type of gun uses a single set of cylinders in which triple-aperture disks are placed in appropriate positions.
Tele-Pathology: A Use Case In Colombia (2019)

Colombia is a middle income country with a growing incidence of cancer. There exists an acute shortage of trained pathologists in Colombia, i.e., there are a total of 500 general pathologists for a total population of 44 million people. This lack of pathology expertise has resulted in misdiagnosis of this disease. This misinterpretation can lead patients to undergo unnecessary surgery and other treatments, or to miss out on treatments they do need. There is thus a clear lack of more dedicated cancer expertise and technology to improve and alleviate the disease burden caused by misdiagnosis. In this scenario, tele-pathology, the use of information technology and slide digitization (or digital pathology) for rendering remote diagnosis, may be a solution to improve the access to cancer pathology expertise and address the problem of having concentrated in large cities the cancer pathology expertise. This article presents a tele-pathology project in the context of a developing country and the different adapted solutions to overcome the lack of resources.
Heme oxygenase-1 as a predictor of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury: a cross-sectional study (2022)

Serum HO-1 is positively correlated with sepsis-induced AKI. These findings suggest that measurement of serum HO-1 may play a diagnostic and prediction role in sepsis-induced AKI.
Testing the Impact of Road Network Connectivity on Criminal Lethality (2018)

Increased road network connectivity has been linked to more positive outcomes among all health outcomes. Road network connectivity has yet to be tested in association with specifically criminal lethality. The current study looks to incorporate road network connectivity as an explanatory variable for criminal lethality. Data on Road Network Connectivity and Criminal Lethality are gathered for 190 cities. Data sources include the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS), 2010 Census, 2010 American Community Survey, Google Earth, and Census Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (TIGER) files. The data demonstrate that a city’s road network connectivity is related to decreases in the rates of lethality among assaults. Implications of this finding are discussed.
Surface-emitting unstable-resonator lasers with integrated diffractive beam-forming elements (1997)

Grating-coupled surface-emitting semiconductor lasers have been integrated with focusing and spot array generating diffractive beam-forming elements. The lasers have an unstable resonator producing a 160-μm-wide single spatial mode. The area of the outcoupler element is 160 μm×240 μm. For an outcoupler focusing at 500 μm above the surface the spot size is 9 μm×17 μm The spot size is primarily limited by aberrations in the wavefront of the guided mode.
Lurasidone for the treatment of irritability and anger in autism spectrum disorders (2017)

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication as well as restricted patterns of behaviors and interests. Irritability marked by tantrums, self-injury and aggression occurs frequently in youth with ASD, causing significant parent and caregiver distress. Atypical antipsychotics have been the most studied drug class targeting irritability in ASD. Risperidone and aripiprazole are Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved atypical antipsychotics for treatment of irritability in youth with ASD. However, other atypical antipsychotics, such as lurasidone, are often considered for off-label use in the treatment of irritability, whether because of tolerability issues with risperidone and aripiprazole or because of the drug-refractory nature of this symptom cluster. Areas covered: Following a comprehensive review of the literature this article summarizes information on the efficacy and tolerability of lurasidone as a potential off label treatment of irritability in children and adolescents with ASD. Available data included a 6 week randomized, blind, fixed dose, placebo-controlled study and a case study. Expert opinion: To date the safety and tolerability of lurasidone in treating irritability in youth with ASD has yet to be established with, lurasidone being the only antipsychotic with published negative placebo-controlled results.
Characteristics of Superlattice LED with a Si0.8Ge0.2 or Si Capped Layer at Room Temperature (2006)

The comparison between the Si and Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.8</sub> Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.2</sub> capping layers shows that the conduction band offset of Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.8</sub> Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.2</sub> and Si can form a barrier for electrons, and that it can increase the quantity of carriers on conduction band. From the results of these experiments, the characteristics of carrier blockers formed by hetero structure can be applied in IV-IV optoelectronics devices to achieve higher optical power
CANʼT MISS—Conquer Any Number Task by Making Important Statistics Simple. Part 2. Probability, Populations, Samples, and Normal Distributions (2003)

Healthcare quality improvement professionals need to understand and use inferential statistics to interpret sample data from their organizations. In quality improvement and healthcare research studies all the data from a population often are not available, so investigators take samples and make inferences about the population by using inferential statistics. This three-part series will give readers an understanding of the concepts of inferential statistics as well as the specific tools for calculating confidence intervals for samples of data. This article, Part 2, describes probability, populations, and samples. The uses of descriptive and inferential statistics are outlined. The article also discusses the properties and probability of normal distributions, including the standard normal distribution.
Idiotype-specific T lymphocytes. I. Regulation of antibody production by idiotype-specific H-2-restricted T lymphocytes. (1983)

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) specific for MOPC-104E myeloma cells of BALB/c origin could be induced in BALB/c, (BALB/c X BALB.B)F1, and (BALB/c X BALB.K)F1 mice. (BALB/c X BALB.B)F1 CTL activity specific for MOPC-104E was effectively inhibited by anti-H-2d but not by anti-H-2b alloantiserum. However, the activity was hardly blocked by specific anti-idiotypic antibodies to MOPC-104E. For further analysis of the recognition of idiotype on target cells by CTL, the effect of those lymphocytes on anti-dextran B1355S antibody-producing B lymphocytes, which have a cross-reactive idiotype to MOPC-104E, was investigated. Lymphocytes from the CTL population did inhibit antibody production by dextran-immune spleen cells, but those from the CTL population specific for irrelevant myeloma cells (MOPC-167) did not. The (BALB/c X BALB.K)F1 CTL population suppressed the antibody production of BALB/c but not of BALB.K. This indicates that F1 cells can preferentially see H-2 antigens of immunizing myeloma cells on target B lymphocytes. The inhibition of antibody production was antigen specific and was only restricted to the PFC that were inhibitable by anti-idiotypic antibodies. The surface phenotypes of the cells that inhibited the antibody production were Thy-1+, Lyt-1-, Lyt-2+, and I-J-. These results strongly suggest that CTL specific for MOPC-104E recognize self H-2 antigens simultaneously with idiotypic determinants on B lymphocytes. Possible immunoregulatory roles of idiotype-specific CTL on antibody production systems are also suggested.