gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pyriproxyfen treated surface exposure exhibits reproductive disruption in dengue vector Aedes aegypti (2019)

The present study has shown that tarsal contact to PPF-treated surface for a small time drastically influenced the fecundity, fertility and adult emergence in Indian wild Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. Results suggest that a certain minimum concentration of PPF through contact exposure can reduce the abundance of vector mosquitoes to a considerable level. The formulations based on combination of PPF and other compatible insecticides may be an impactful approach where susceptible mosquitoes are killed by the insecticide component while resistant mosquitoes are sterilised by PPF.
Aiding Maintenance of Database Applications Through Extracting Attribute Dependency Graph (2013)

Database is a major component of many software systems. This paper proposes a novel graph called the attribute dependency graph to reveal the dependencies between attributes in a database application and also the programs involved. The authors propose an approach to automatically extract the attribute dependency graph out of a database application from its source code through inter-procedural static program analysis. The extracted information is a straightforward indicator that benefits the maintenance process, particularly for impact analysis on the modifications in a database application. A tool has been developed to implement the proposed approach for PHP-based database applications. Case studies have also been conducted to demonstrate the use of our approach.
Influence of composting and thermal processing on the survival of microbial pathogens and nutritional status of Nigeria sewage sludge (2017)

Sewage sludge samples from a water treatment plant in Nigeria were subjected to an in-vessel composting (using sawdust as a bulking agent) and thermal sludge processing to improve its quality for agricultural applications. Treated samples were analyzed for physicochemical and microbiological properties using standard analytical and aerobic culture protocols. Microbiological analysis of the initial fresh mixture (sewage sludge/sawdust) showed that the total heterotrophic bacteria was 1.17 × 106 CFU/g of fresh compost, coliforms 4.7 × 104 CFU/g, Salmonella sp., and Shigella sp. 7.3 × 104 CFU/g, yeasts and moulds 9.0 × 104 CFU/g. These values were significantly (p = 0.05) reduced after 40 days of in-vessel composting to 4.3 × 104 CFU/g for total heterotrophic bacteria, 7.4 × 102 CFU/g for coliforms, while yeasts and moulds, Salmonella and Shigella sp. were not detected in the final compost. The results of the physicochemistry revealed variation in pH, temperature, and nutrients status of treated sludge. Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Shigella sp. were eliminated, while a 2-log reduction in coliform counts occurred after 40 days of composting. Composting had a better processing impact by increasing the ash as well as reducing the carbon/nitrogen ratio of treated sludge, while thermal processing improved the sulfate and phosphate components of treated sludge. The treated sludge (biosolids) met the permissible limits of microbiological and nutritional standards recommended by US EPA for land application of sludge and could, therefore, be used as a biofertilizer, soil conditioner and also for land reclamation.
ChemInform Abstract: Dehydrooligopeptides. Part 10. Useful Synthetic Method for (E)‐ and (Z)‐Isomers of Dehydroaspartic Acids, and Their δ1,2‐Dehydrodipeptides by the Base‐Catalyzed β‐Elimination. (1989)

Abstract Various kinds (III), (IV), (V), (VIII), (IX), (X) of (E)‐ and (Z)‐dehydroaspartic acid derivatives are successfully synthesized.
Caspase activation: The induced-proximity model (1999)

Members of the caspase family of proteases transmit the events that lead to apoptosis of animal cells. Distinct members of the family are involved in both the initiation and execution phases of cell death, with the initiator caspases being recruited to multicomponent signaling complexes. Initiation of apoptotic events depends on the ability of the signaling complexes to generate an active protease. The mechanism of activation of the caspases that constitute the different apoptosis-signaling complexes can be explained by an unusual property of the caspase zymogens to autoprocess to an active form. This autoprocessing depends on intrinsic activity that resides in the zymogens of the initiator caspases. We review evidence for a hypothesis-the induced-proximity model-that describes how the first proteolytic signal is produced after adapter-mediated clustering of initiator caspase zymogens.
Entanglement and State Transfer in 3-mode Optomechanical Systems (2013)

I will discuss recent theoretical work describing how a mechanical resonator in a two-cavity optomechanical system can mediate both state transfer interactions (protected against mechanical dissipation by a "mechanically-dark" mode) and entangling interactions (via a dissipative mechanism). Article not available.
Influence of Oxidizing Gas on the Stability of Dry Electrical Discharge Machining Process (2013)

Abstract Due to the absence of a dielectric liquid dry electrical discharge machining (DEDM) can result in comparison to traditional EDM in a simpler and environmentally friendly machine. Driven mainly by this reason several efforts have been made in the past years to understand the erosion mechanism with gaseous fluid and especially with molecular oxygen. The latter is often used due to his enhancement effect on the material removal rate. The effect has been attributed in the literature to the thermal energy surplus resulting from the oxidation of eroded material. This paper presents measurements of material removal rate in function of different flushing gases. Monitoring the voltage and the current values over the erosion gap effective energy specific values of the material removal rate can be calculated. This data shows that the heat energy from the oxidation has only a little effect on the material removal rate and that the main difference between oxygen and less oxidizing gases is to find in different stability and time efficiency of the process. Possible mechanisms driving the observed effects on the material removal rate with oxidizing gases are discussed.
Predicted seminal astacin-like protease is required for processing of reproductive proteins in Drosophila melanogaster (2006)

During mating, males provide females with seminal fluids that include proteins affecting female physiology and, in some cases, reproductive behavior. In several species these male-derived modulators of reproduction are processed upon transfer to the female, suggesting molecular interaction between the sexes. Males could increase their reproductive success by contributing to regulation of this processing; consistent with this hypothesis, seminal fluids are rich in proteolysis regulators. However, whether these molecules carry out processing of male-derived reproductive modulators is unknown. We tested for this role using RNAi to knock down individually 11 Drosophila seminal fluid proteases and protease inhibitors. We found that CG11864, a predicted astacin-type metalloprotease in seminal fluid, is necessary to process two other seminal proteins: the ovulation hormone ovulin (Acp26Aa) and the sperm storage protein Acp36DE. This processing occurs only after all three proteins have entered the female. Moreover, CG11864 itself is processed inside males while en route to the female and before its action in processing ovulin and Acp36DE. Thus, processing of seminal proteins is stepwise in Drosophila, beginning in the male after the proteins leave their site of synthesis and continuing within another organism, the mated female, and the male-donated protease CG11864 is an agent of this latter processing.
Perspectives on the scientific career and impact of Prabhat K. Gupta (2019)

This special issue is devoted to celebrating the scientific career and impact of Prof. Prabhat K. Gupta, the 2018 winner of the Sir Nevill F. Mott Award from the Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids. While the rest of this issue focuses on the latest groundbreaking research in topics related to Prabhat's research interests, in the current article we look back and review some of the remarkable research achievements and impact that Prabhat has had over his career. Prabhat is known for his deep and thoughtful approach to a wide range of topics in both experimental and theoretical glass science, with particular emphasis on glass structure and topology, thermodynamics, and kinetic processes including diffusion, relaxation, and crystallization. In this article, the three authors each offer their own perspectives on the impact and legacy of Prabhat's research. Keywords: Glass, Modeling, Topological constraint theory, Diffusion, relaxation, viscosity, crystallization
Inhibition of RNA Polymerase II Transcription in Human Cell Extracts by Cisplatin DNA Damage (1999)

The anticancer drug cisplatin induces a spectrum of lesions in DNA. The effect of such DNA damage on transcription by RNA polymerase II (RNA pol II) in human cell extracts was investigated at the level of initiation and elongation. RNA pol II transcription directed from the adenovirus major late promoter was inhibited following treatment of the promoter-containing template with increasing concentrations of cisplatin. Furthermore, transcription from an undamaged promoter fragment was depleted in the presence of increasing amounts of cisplatin DNA damage on an exogenous plasmid, suggesting such damage may hijack an essential factor for transcription initiation. The effect of cisplatin damage on RNA pol II elongation was investigated using site-specifically-placed cisplatin adducts. The GTG adduct was an effective block to RNA pol II elongation, inhibiting the polymerase by 80%. In contrast, RNA pol II completely bypassed the cisplatin GG intrastrand adduct. These studies suggest that the inhibition of RNA pol II transcription observed following the treatment of cells with cisplatin is likely to reflect the combined effects of DNA damage at the level of both transcription initiation and elongation.
Additives for high temperature liquid lubricants. Final report (1994)

The purpose of this task was to perform research for the Department of Energy (DOE) on the synthesis and characterization of additives for liquid lubricants which could lead to significant improvements in the major tribological task area of friction and wear reduction at high temperature. To this end JPL surveyed candidate precursor compounds which are soluble in liquid lubricants, synthesized the most promising of these materials, characterized them and submitted these additives to National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for evaluation.
ChemInform Abstract: Probing the Specificity of the Serine Proteases Subtilisin Carlsberg and α‐Chymotrypsin with Enantiomeric 1‐Acetamido Boronic Acids. An Unexpected Reversal of the Normal “L”‐Stereoselectivity Preference. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Mechanisms of Neuroprotection by Protein Disulphide Isomerase in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (2011)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease characterised by the progressive loss of motor neurons, leading to paralysis and death within several years of onset. Although protein misfolding is a key feature of ALS, the upstream triggers of disease remain elusive. Recently, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was identified as an early and central feature in ALS disease models as well as in human patient tissues, indicating that ER stress could be an important process in disease pathogenesis. One important chaperone induced by ER stress is protein disulphide isomerase (PDI), which is both upregulated and posttranslationally inhibited by S-nitrosylation in ALS. In this paper, we present evidence from studies of genetics, model organisms, and patient tissues which indicate an active role for PDI and ER stress in ALS disease processes.
Accurate delay model and experimental verification for current/voltage mode on-chip interconnects (2003)

A simple yet accurate closed-form delay expression for inverter driven on-chip interconnects with arbitrary receive-end termination is presented. The solution can be used for both resistive and capacitive termination to adequately model current and voltage mode sensing schemes. The model is extended to consider fast input slope and input-to-output capacitance effects of a CMOS inverter. A test chip fabricated in AMI 1.6 /spl mu/m is used to experimentally verify the proposed model. Further analysis shows that the model can be used for sub-micrometer process to accurately estimate delay and bandwidth performance of long onchip interconnects.
Ultra‐Robust Graphene Oxide‐Silk Fibroin Nanocomposite Membranes (2013)

Ultra-robust graphene oxide-polymer nanocomposite membranes are presented. The membranes are fabricated by the spin assisted layer-by-layer (SA-LbL) technique and exhibit ultrahigh elastic moduli and outstanding mechanical properties due to complex interactions between the components. A model of the reinforced interphase region is proposed to account for the extraordinary mechanical reinforcement, which fits the experimental data excellently.
Deformable object animation using reduced optimal control (2009)

Keyframe animation is a common technique to generate animations of deformable characters and other soft bodies. With spline interpolation, however, it can be difficult to achieve secondary motion effects such as plausible dynamics when there are thousands of degrees of freedom to animate. Physical methods can provide more realism with less user effort, but it is challenging to apply them to quickly create specific animations that closely follow prescribed animator goals. We present a fast space-time optimization method to author physically based deformable object simulations that conform to animator-specified keyframes. We demonstrate our method with FEM deformable objects and mass-spring systems.
O17nuclear-magnetic-resonance spin-lattice relaxation and Knight-shift behavior in bismuthate, plumbate, and cuprate superconductors (1991)

We have measured the $^{17}\mathrm{O}$ nuclear-magnetic-resonance spin-lattice relaxation times (${\mathit{T}}_{1}$) as a function of temperature for the ${\mathrm{CuO}}_{2}$ planar sites in ${\mathrm{Tl}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CaCu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{8+\mathit{x}}$, ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{7\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$, ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CaCu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{8+\mathit{x}}$, ${\mathrm{La}}_{1.85}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.15}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{4\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$, ${\mathrm{La}}_{1.85}$${\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.15}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{4\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$, and ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{6+\mathit{x}}$, as well as for the oxygen sites in ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{0.6}$${\mathrm{K}}_{0.4}$${\mathrm{BiO}}_{3}$, ${\mathrm{BaBi}}_{0.25}$${\mathrm{Pb}}_{0.75}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, ${\mathrm{BaSb}}_{0.25}$${\mathrm{Pb}}_{0.75}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, and ${\mathrm{BaPbO}}_{3}$. The ${\mathrm{CuO}}_{2}$ planar sites in ${\mathrm{Tl}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CaCu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{8+\mathit{x}}$, ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{7\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$, and ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CaCu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{8+\mathit{x}}$ exhibit close to ideal Korringa behavior in the normal state, characteristic of a good metal. In addition, the Knight shift of the ${\mathrm{CuO}}_{2}$ planes in these three materials is dominated by a spin contribution that is temperature independent in the normal state and vanishes in the superconducting state. The relaxation times of the BaO and SrO planar oxygens, as well as of the TlO planar oxygens, are much longer than those of the ${\mathrm{CuO}}_{2}$ planes, and are similar to the values found for the bismuthate and plumbate materials. In both lanthanum cuprates, the frequency shift of the ${\mathrm{CuO}}_{2}$ plane is temperature dependent in the normal state. Relaxation-rate data, when plotted as a function of ln(${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$), show a clear difference between the bismuthate (plumbate) and cuprate materials, and appear consistent with BCS-like behavior for the copper-free systems.
Tilted parallel dielectric slab as a multilevel attenuator for incident p- or s-polarized light (2009)

Under the condition of first-order blooming, a parallel dielectric slab, which is inserted in the path of an obliquely incident p- or s-polarized light beam, introduces multiple discrete attenuation levels given by 1/3, 4/27, 4/243,...... in reflection and 4/9, 4/81, 4/729,...... in transmission. These attenuation levels are independent of the slab refractive index, incident p or s linear polarization, or the presence of identical transparent surface coatings at the front and back sides of the slab. Therefore, the tilted slab provides multidecade reflectance and attenuation reference values that can be used in calibrating spectrophotometers and filters, and also for testing the linearity of photodetectors. For an uncoated dielectric slab, incidence angles that cause first-order blooming are determined as functions of the slab refractive index for incident p- or s-polarized light.
Data from <i>MAX</i> Mutations Cause Hereditary and Sporadic Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Pheochromocytomas (PCC) and paragangliomas (PGL) are genetically heterogeneous neural crest–derived neoplasms. Recently we identified germline mutations in a new tumor suppressor susceptibility gene, &lt;i&gt;MAX&lt;/i&gt; (MYC-associated factor X), which predisposes carriers to PCC. How &lt;i&gt;MAX&lt;/i&gt; mutations contribute to PCC/PGL and associated phenotypes remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and associated phenotypic features of germline and somatic &lt;i&gt;MAX&lt;/i&gt; mutations in PCC/PGL.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Design:&lt;/b&gt; We sequenced &lt;i&gt;MAX&lt;/i&gt; in 1,694 patients with PCC or PGL (without mutations in other major susceptibility genes) from 17 independent referral centers. We screened for large deletions/duplications in 1,535 patients using a multiplex PCR-based method. Somatic mutations were searched for in tumors from an additional 245 patients. The frequency and type of &lt;i&gt;MAX&lt;/i&gt; mutation was assessed overall and by clinical characteristics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Sixteen &lt;i&gt;MAX&lt;/i&gt; pathogenic mutations were identified in 23 index patients. All had adrenal tumors, including 13 bilateral or multiple PCCs within the same gland (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), 15.8% developed additional tumors at thoracoabdominal sites, and 37% had familial antecedents. Age at diagnosis was lower (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001) in &lt;i&gt;MAX&lt;/i&gt; mutation carriers compared with nonmutated cases. Two patients (10.5%) developed metastatic disease. A mutation affecting &lt;i&gt;MAX&lt;/i&gt; was found in five tumors, four of them confirmed as somatic (1.65%). MAX tumors were characterized by substantial increases in normetanephrine, associated with normal or minor increases in metanephrine.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Germline mutations in &lt;i&gt;MAX&lt;/i&gt; are responsible for 1.12% of PCC/PGL in patients without evidence of other known mutations and should be considered in the genetic work-up of these patients. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 18(10); 2828–37. ©2012 AACR.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Allelic variation in the secreted folate binding protein gene is associated with uterine capacity in swine1 (2005)

Previous comparisons between the cDNA and gene sequences for secreted folate binding protein (sFBP) indicated a 12-bp insertion/deletion (ins/del) polymorphism in exon 1 and a SNP that altered (Ser-Arg) the protein AA sequence. The effect of the Ser-Arg SNP on reproductive traits was examined in three groups of Meishan-White European breed crossbred gilts. The gilts for all three groups were unilaterally hysterectomized-ovariectomized (UHO) at 100 d of age. Group 1 gilts (n = 77) were mated at estrus, slaughtered at d 105 of pregnancy, and a blood sample was collected from each fetus to determine fetal hematocrit. The number of corpora lutea and fetuses and the fetal and placental weights were recorded. Group 2 gilts (n = 46) were mated, the remaining uterine horn was flushed with 20 mL of saline on d 11 of pregnancy, conceptuses were counted, and flushings were measured for total sFBP. Gilts were allowed an estrous cycle to recover, mated again at estrus, slaughtered at 105 d of gestation, and the data as described for Group 1 were collected. Groups 1 and 2 gilts were genotyped for the Ser-Arg SNP. In Group 3, gilts (n = 70) and boars (n = 30) were genotyped for the Ser-Arg SNP before mating, and like genotypes were mated. Gilts were then treated as described for Group 2. The effect of the 12-bp ins/del on reproductive traits was examined in 407 white crossbred UHO gilts from a randomly selected control line and from lines selected for ovulation rate (OR) and uterine capacity (UC). Gilts were mated and slaughtered at 105 d of age, and the numbers of corpora lutea and live fetuses, and fetal and placental weights and fetal hematocrits were recorded. The 12-bp ins/del also was evaluated in 131 intact gilts from the OR selected line. These gilts were mated at approximately 250 d of age and farrowed. The numbers of fully formed and live piglets were recorded. A significant effect (P < 0.05) of the Ser-Arg SNP was detected on the number of embryos present on d 11 of pregnancy and on UC. The sFBP 12-bp ins/del was associated with UC (P < 0.01) and the number of CL (P < 0.05) in UHO gilts, but not with litter size in intact gilts from the OR line. Results suggest that the 12-bp ins/del polymorphism could be exploited to increase litter size in swine, provided that the negative effect of the polymorphism on OR is overcome.
ChemInform Abstract: Selectively Weakened C‐C σ‐Bond in Cation Radicals of Linear and Branched Pentanes as Studied by ESR (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON THE SYNTHESES OF SESQUITERPENE LACTONES. 8. SYNTHESES OF SAUSSUREA A LACTONE, 8‐DEOXYMELITENSIN, AND 11,12‐DEHYDRO‐8‐DEOXYMELITENSIN VIA A NOVEL FRAGMENTATION REACTION (1983)

Abstract Aus α‐Santonin (I) werden in ausführlich beschriebener Weise die Naturstoffe Saussurea Lacton (II), S‐Desoxy‐melitexnsin (III) und 1 1,12‐ Dehydro‐8‐desoxy‐melitensin (IV) hergestellt.
High-speed fiber-optic tapped delay line correlator/code generator (1983)

Tapped delay lines are basic components for performing a wide variety of signal processing op- orations, such as convolution, correlation, Fourier transformation, and the various processing and filtering functions which derive from them. These operations can be performed using a variety of approaches, such as surface acoustic wave tapped delay lines1 or charge-coupled devices.2 The problem is the extension of these conventional technologies to the processing of signals having bandwidths well in excess of 1 GHz. The macrobend optical fiber tapped delay line is a new device which uses single-mode optical fiber as the delay medium.3 It is ideally suited for high-speed signal processing because of the inherently large time- bandwidth product and low loss of single-mode fiber. In this presentation we describe two new applications of this device, namely, the use of the macrobend optical fiber tapped delay line as a code generator and as a correlator.