gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical variability in commer- cial herbal products and preparations of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) (2004)

Withania somnifera (Hindi - Ashwagandha, English - winter cherry) is used in Ayurvedic formulations for a variety of health-promoting effects. Several mono- and poly-herbal products commercially available in the Indian market were quantitatively analysed for a number of chemical constituents. The results revealed wide variations in the content of all seven constituents tested. More than 70-fold variation in the daily intake of withaferin A (the main active constituent of Ashwagandha) was found in the products. The study thus emphasizes the need for stringent phytochemical standardization of herbal products.
The Laplacian Spectrum of Complex Networks (2006)

The ability of different Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strains to form protoplasts and protoplast fusion were studied. The protoplast formation depended mainly on strains used and the time of snail gut enzyme action. The percentages of the regenerating protoplasts varied, depending on strain, from 3 to 33 per cent. From the fusion experiments one can establish that kariogamy is prerequisite for stable for stable diploid formation. The yields of protoplast fusion were higher when both strains were rho+ as compared with rho+ and rho 0 combinations.
Hemap: An Interactive Online Resource for Characterizing Molecular Phenotypes across Hematologic Malignancies (2019)

Large collections of genome-wide data can facilitate the characterization of disease states and subtypes, permitting pan-cancer analysis of molecular phenotypes and evaluation of disease context for new therapeutic approaches. We analyzed 9,544 transcriptomes from more than 30 hematologic malignancies, normal blood cell types, and cell lines, and showed that disease types could be stratified in a data-driven manner. We then identified cluster-specific pathway activity, new biomarkers, and <i>in silico</i> drug target prioritization through interrogation of drug target databases. Using known vulnerabilities and available drug screens, we highlighted the importance of integrating molecular phenotype with drug target expression for <i>in silico</i> prediction of drug responsiveness. Our analysis implicated <i>BCL2</i> expression level as an important indicator of venetoclax responsiveness and provided a rationale for its targeting in specific leukemia subtypes and multiple myeloma, linked several polycomb group proteins that could be targeted by small molecules (SFMBT1, CBX7, and EZH1) with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and supported <i>CDK6</i> as a disease-specific target in acute myeloid leukemia. Through integration with proteomics data, we characterized target protein expression for pre-B leukemia immunotherapy candidates, including DPEP1. These molecular data can be explored using our publicly available interactive resource, Hemap, for expediting therapeutic innovations in hematologic malignancies. SIGNIFICANCE: This study describes a data resource for researching derailed cellular pathways and candidate drug targets across hematologic malignancies.
“Decision Simulators” Speed Implementation and Improve Operations (1984)

Packaging MS/OR models and algorithms in “Decision Simulators” (DS) helps users accept model performance and solutions, making implementation more likely and more rapid. Like video games and flight simulators, a DS emphasizes a believable representation of the decision-making environment, user interaction with immediate feedback on the effect of decisions, and ease of use. A decision simulator was put in practice in 1977 at Weyerhaeuser to implement a dynamic programming approach to improved timber processing. The simulator allows users (either timber buckers or management) to test different crosscutting and log-allocating decisions for economic value. This application continues to yield a multi-million dollar annual profit increase.
Molecular Characterization of the Cotton GhTUB1 Gene That Is Preferentially Expressed in Fiber (2002)

Each fiber of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is a single epidermal cell that rapidly elongates to 2.5 to 3.0 cm from the ovule surface within about 16 d after anthesis. A large number of genes are required for fiber differentiation and development, but so far, little is known about how these genes control and regulate the process of fiber development. To investigate gene expression patterns in fiber, a cDNA, GhTUB1, encoding beta-tubulin was isolated from a cotton fiber cDNA library. The analyses of RNA northern-blot hybridization and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that GhTUB1 transcripts preferentially accumulated at high levels in fiber, at low levels in ovules at the early stage of cotton boll development, and at very low levels in other tissues of cotton. The corresponding GhTUB1 gene including the promoter region was isolated by screening a cotton genomic DNA library. To demonstrate the specificity of the GhTUB1 promoter, the 5'-flanking region including the promoter and 5'-untranslated region was fused with the beta-glucuronidase reporter gene. The expression of the reporter chimera was examined in a large number of transgenic cotton plants. Histochemical assays demonstrated that GhTUB1::beta-glucuronidase fusion genes were expressed preferentially at high levels in fiber and primary root tip of 1- to 3-d-old seedlings and at low levels in other tissues such as ovule, pollen, seedling cotyledon, and root basal portion. The results suggested that the GhTUB1 gene may play a distinct and required role in fiber development. In addition, the GhTUB1 promoter may have great potential for cotton improvement by genetic engineering.
Neural connections of control vocal nucleus of hyperstriatum in Eophona migratoria (1994)

The neural connections of HVc in Eophona migratoria were investigated using anterograde and retrograde HRP tracing techniques. The results indicate that nucleus HVc receives ipsilaterally afferent projections from nucleus magnocellularis of the anterior neostriatum(MAN), from nucleus interfacialis(NIF) of midneostriatum, from nucleus uvaeformis(Uva) of thalamus and from nucleus locus ceruleus(LoC) of pons respectively. HVc projects to robust nucleus of the archistriatum (RA) and area X of lobus parolfactorius. In addition, HVc receives projections also from an ipsilateral telencephalic auditory nucleus-field L of the neostriatum. It shows that there are direct neural connections between the high centre of audition and the high center of vocal control.
Effective Atmospheric Emissivity under Clear Skies (1972)

The effective atmospheric emissivity, F↓/(σT04), where F↓ is the downward radiative flux density and σT04 the blackbody flux density at the surface temperature T0, is computed for clear skies and straight temperature and dew-point soundings by means of emissivity integrations. Emissivity data by Jurica and by Staley and Jurica were used, and separate computations made for H2O, CO2, H2O-CO2 overlap, and O3. The effective atmospheric emissivity depends almost entirely on surface vapor pressure, decreases slightly with increasing surface elevation, and is essentially independent of surface temperature. The contribution by CO2 decreases from about 0,19 to about 0.17 as surface elevation increases from sea level to 710 mb. The contribution of overlap is negative and increases rapidly with increasing surface vapor pressure, becoming comparable to the CO2 contribution for very large vapor pressures. Measurements support the computations, but suggest, as has been found before, additional downward flux density from aerosols or from as yet unspecified trace gases.
Thermosensitive Interpenetrating Polymer Networks: Synthesis, Characterization, and Macromolecular Release (1994)

TEST 02 - Elsevier's Scopus, the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature. Search and access research from the science, technology, medicine, social sciences and arts and humanities fields.
The FunGenES Database: A Genomics Resource for Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation (2009)

Embryonic stem (ES) cells have high self-renewal capacity and the potential to differentiate into a large variety of cell types. To investigate gene networks operating in pluripotent ES cells and their derivatives, the "Functional Genomics in Embryonic Stem Cells" consortium (FunGenES) has analyzed the transcriptome of mouse ES cells in eleven diverse settings representing sixty-seven experimental conditions. To better illustrate gene expression profiles in mouse ES cells, we have organized the results in an interactive database with a number of features and tools. Specifically, we have generated clusters of transcripts that behave the same way under the entire spectrum of the sixty-seven experimental conditions; we have assembled genes in groups according to their time of expression during successive days of ES cell differentiation; we have included expression profiles of specific gene classes such as transcription regulatory factors and Expressed Sequence Tags; transcripts have been arranged in "Expression Waves" and juxtaposed to genes with opposite or complementary expression patterns; we have designed search engines to display the expression profile of any transcript during ES cell differentiation; gene expression data have been organized in animated graphs of KEGG signaling and metabolic pathways; and finally, we have incorporated advanced functional annotations for individual genes or gene clusters of interest and links to microarray and genomic resources. The FunGenES database provides a comprehensive resource for studies into the biology of ES cells.
Biarylaniline Phenethanolamines as Potent and Selective β3Adrenergic Receptor Agonists (2006)

The synthesis of a series of phenethanolamine aniline agonists that contain an aniline ring on the right-hand side of the molecule substituted at the meta position with a benzoic acid or a pyridyl carboxylate is described. Several of the analogues (e.g., 34, 36-38, 40, and 44) have high beta(3) adrenergic receptor (AR) potency and selectivity against beta(1) and beta(2) ARs in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing beta ARs. The dog pharmacokinetic profile of some of these analogues showed >25% oral bioavailability and po half-lives of at least 1.5 h. Among the compounds described herein, the 3,3'-biarylaniline carboxylate derivatives 36, 38 and the phenylpyridyl derivative 44 demonstrated outstanding in vitro properties and reasonable dog pharmacokinetic profiles. These three analogues also showed dose dependent beta(3) AR mediated responses in mice. The ease of synthesis and superior dog pharmacokinetics of compound 38 relative to that of 44 in combination with its in vitro profile led us to choose this compound as a development candidate for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Linguistic Side Effects (2007)

Abstract This paper relates cases of apparent non-compositionality in natural languages to those in programming languages. It is shaped like an hourglass: I begin in §4.1 with an approach to the syntax–semantics interface that helps us build compositional semantic theories. That approach is to draw an analogy between computational side effects in programming languages and what I term by analogy linguistic side effects in natural languages.
A technology review of smart sensors with wireless networks for applications in hazardous work environments. (2007)

Workers in hazardous environments such as mining are constantly exposed to the health and safety hazards of dynamic and unpredictable conditions. One approach to enable them to manage these hazards is to provide them with situational awareness: real-time data (environmental, physiological, and physical location data) obtained from wireless, wearable, smart sensor technologies deployed at the work area. The scope of this approach is limited to managing the hazards of the immediate work area for prevention purposes; it does not include technologies needed after a disaster. Three critical technologies emerge and converge to support this technical approach: smart-wearable sensors, wireless sensor networks, and low-power embedded computing. The major focus of this report is on smart sensors and wireless sensor networks. Wireless networks form the infrastructure to support the realization of situational awareness; therefore, there is a significant focus on wireless networks. Lastly, the “Future Research” section pulls together the three critical technologies by proposing applications that are relevant to mining. The applications are injured miner (person-down) detection; a wireless, wearable remote viewer; and an ultrawide band smart environment that enables localization and tracking of humans and resources. The smart environment could provide location data, physiological data, and communications (video, photos, graphical images, audio, and text messages). Electrical engineer, Pittsburgh Research Laboratory, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh, PA. President, The Designer-III Co., Franklin, PA. General engineer, Pittsburgh Research Laboratory (now with the National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh, PA. Supervisory general engineer, Pittsburgh Research Laboratory, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh, PA.
Clinical significance of the quantitative assessment of estrogen receptors in advanced breast cancer (1980)

The predictive value of the estrogen receptor (ER) assay with regard to the response to hormonal treatment was analyzed in women with advanced breast carcinoma. The significance of ten clinical variables of putative prognostic value was also investigated. A total of 49 courses of endocrine therapy were available for study. The respective merits of using the receptor information as a qualitative or a quantitative variable were compared. Linear logistic regression analysis showed that the quantitative information was significantly related to the therapeutic response (P < 0.0001) and proved to be superior to the qualitative information. Compared with the clinical variables tested with the logistic model, receptor concentration was by far the most important single predictor of response. Nevertheless, introduction of two of these clinical variables (i.e., age and menopausal status) into the model in addition to receptor concentration improved its predictive value. Presented in graphic form, the improved model provides a simple means to estimate the probability that a given patient will respond to endocrine therapy. Successive ER assays were available in a series of patients who had received no systemic treatment. In ER+ cases, there was a significant correlation between receptor concentrations in the consecutive assays. There was no influence of the time interval between tissue samplings. Data were also consistent in ER- patients. These results give support to the practice of routine receptor determination in the primary tumor at the time of mastectomy. It is concluded that the distinction between hormone-responsive and hormone-resistant tumors appears artificial. The therapeutic implications of a continuous gradient of hormone-dependency among breast cancers are discussed.
Converting an Electrical Insulator into a Dielectric Capacitor: End-Capping Polystyrene with Oligoaniline (2013)

We report a simple and low-cost strategy to enhance the dielectric permittivity of polystyrene by up to an order of magnitude via incorporating an oligoaniline trimer moiety at the end of the polymer chains. The oligoaniline-capped polystyrene was prepared by a copper-catalyzed click reaction between azide-capped polystyrene and an alkyne-containing aniline trimer, which was doped by different acids. By controlling molecular weight of polystyrene, the end-capped polymers can be induced to form nanoscale oligoaniline-rich domains embedded in an insulating matrix. Under an external electric field, this led to an increase in dielectric polarizability while maintaining a low dielectric loss. At frequencies as high as 0.1 MHz, the dielectric permittivity and dielectric loss (tan δ) were ∼22.8 and ∼0.02, respectively. This strategy may open a new avenue to increasing the dielectric permittivity of many other commodity polymers while maintaining relatively low dielectric loss.
Hospital-based DME: a balance between control and entrepreneurship. (1988)

Achieving a balance between controlling the activity of a hospital-based DME company, and allowing its entrepreneurial manager to build it into a strong revenue-generating business, is possible. The payoff over the long term can more than make up for any near-term negative cash flow.
A semi-automatic instrument for estimating the differential leucocyte count. (1975)

A specially developed analogue processing unit was used with a Coulter cell counter and a pulse height analyser to determine the differential leucocyte count. The method is based upon a simplified analysis of the white cell volume distribution curve and the results agree well with those obtained by conventional methods.
Solid‐Phase Synthesis of Styryl Dyes and their Application as Amyloid Sensors (2004)

The combinatorial approach: A library of fluorescent styryl dyes (320 compounds) was prepared by solid-phase chemistry. The dyes were screened for their detection of amyloid aggregates, which are associated with diseases such as Alzheimer's, and two of the 320 compounds screened, 2C40 and 2E10, showed promise as brain-imaging agents (see microscopy image).
Adaptation techniques for intrusion detection and intrusion response systems (2002)

The paper examines techniques for providing adaptation in intrusion detection and intrusion response systems. As attacks on computer systems are becoming increasingly numerous and sophisticated, there is a growing need for intrusion detection and response systems to dynamically adapt to better detect and respond to attacks. The Adaptive Hierarchical Agent-based Intrusion Detection System (AHA! IDS) provides detection adaptation by adjusting the amount of system resources devoted to the task of detecting intrusive activities. This is accomplished by dynamically invoking new combinations of lower level detection agents in response to changing circumstances and by adjusting the confidence associated with these lower-level agents. The Adaptive Agent-based Intrusion Response System (AAIRS) provides response adaptation by weighting those responses that have been successful in the past over those techniques that have not been as successful. As a result, the more successful responses are used more often than the less successful techniques. It also adapts responses based on the system's belief that intrusion detection reports are valid. Intuitively, adaptive detection and response systems will provide more robust protection than static, non-adaptive systems.
[Value of intravascular ultrasound, 64 multi-detector computed tomography and quantitative coronary angiography on lesion of coronary artery in unstable angina pectoris patient]. (2009)

QCA is a suitable tool for assessing UAP patients with low and middle vessel stenosis but underestimated the stenosis degree in UAP patients with high vessel stenosis. MDCT is valuable for exclusion vessel disease but not useful for identifying soft and fibrous plaque. Soft plaque with positive remodeling index and minimum lumen area < 4 mm(2) derived from IVUS could correctly identify UAP patients with high degree of vessel stenosis.
Response to “A comment on ‘Serological evidence of duck Tembusu virus infection in free‐grazing ducks, Thailand’” (2019)

This article is linked to Zhao et al paper. To view this article visit https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13120.
Abstract 1123: Glutaminase inhibitors suppress pyrimidine synthesis and promote DNA replication stress in VHL-deficient human renal cancer cells (2015)

Abstract Hypoxic and VHL-deficient cells use glutamine to generate citrate and lipids through reductive carboxylation (RC) of a-ketoglutarate. To gain insights into the role of HIF and the molecular mechanisms underlying RC, we took advantage of a panel of disease associated Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) mutants and showed that HIF2a expression is necessary and sufficient for the induction of RC in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells. Reductive carboxylation can be detected in vivo. HIF2a-mediated glutamine metabolism is induced by low intracellular citrate levels, which promote the reductive flux by mass action to maintain lipogenesis. In addition to being a source of lipogenic acetyl-CoA, glutamine can be used in the Krebs cycle to generate aspartate - the carbon source for pyrimidine biosynthesis. We showed that VHL-deficient RCC cells rely on RC-derived aspartate to maintain de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. Pharmacological inhibition of glutaminase (GLS) by the commercially available glutaminase inhibitor BPTES and a glutaminase inhibitor which is in Phase I clinical study (CB-839, Calithera Biosciences Inc) depleted the levels of pyrimidines in VHL-deficient cells but not in VHL-reconstituted cells, which utilized glucose oxidation to supply the aspartate pool. Nucleoside depletion activates an intra-S-phase checkpoint corresponding to DNA replication stress and suppressed S-phase transition in VHL-deficient RCC cells. DNA replication stress was rescued by administration of glutamate or dimethyl-alpha-ketoglutarate. Addition of nucleobases partially rescued the effect of glutaminase inhibitors on cell growth. Our data suggest that glutaminase inhibitors suppress de novo pyrimidine synthesis, leading to DNA replication stress in VHL-deficient RCC cells. We currently test the hypothesis that this mechanistic insight may allow the development of novel therapeutic strategies for RCC by combining glutaminase inhibitors with drugs promoting DNA replication stress. Citation Format: Arimichi Okazaki, Paulo Gameiro, Gregory Stephanopoulos, Othon Iliopoulos. Glutaminase inhibitors suppress pyrimidine synthesis and promote DNA replication stress in VHL-deficient human renal cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1123. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1123
Bacterial phloem canker of Persian walnut… development and control factors (1971)

A requisite for development of bacterial phloem canker in walnuts (caused by Erwinia rubrifaciens) was the presence of the highly susceptible Hartley cultivar; although, when interplanted with Hartley, the Franquette and Payne cultivars were sometimes also attacked by the disease. The recently developed cultivars Gustine and Howe developed active cankers when inoculated, but not as extensive as those in Hartley. The age of the plant part was important to the development of the disease. The only parts of the tree developing the complete disease syndrome were the trunks and primary (scaffold) branches. Extension of the cankers in the tree was most rapid during the summer when the temperature was high. This was correlated with the effect of temperature on multiplication and growth of the bacterium in culture. Another requisite to development of the disease in these tests was the presence of openings in the thick phelloderm of the trunks and branches through which the pathogen can enter the inner bark. Of the several types of breaks commonly occurring, those produced by mechanical harvesting equipment and by sap-sucking birds were found to be infection sites. The pathogen occurred in large numbers in a slimy substance which exudes through cracks and accumulates on the bark of infected trees. They survived for at least 123 days in the exudate and were disseminated laterally as far as 20 ft in windblown rain. In addition, the exudate with viable bacteria was picked up on the pads of mechanical harvesting equipment.