gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Toboggan contrast enhancement for contrast segmentation (2002)

Toboggan contrast enhancement is a noniterative single-parameter linear execution time method for selectively augmenting the contrast of multispectral images of arbitrary dimensionality. Toboggan enhancement followed by contrast segmentation is compared with adaptive smoothing, all iterative, multiple parameter, parallel approach that achieves similar results. The segmentation produced by toboggan enhancement followed by contrast segmentation appears equal in quality to that of very complex optimal regional growing segmentation methods. It is concluded that toboggan enhancement is easy to understand and manipulate and is applicable to any image (multispectral, multidimensional) for which one can define a function of local discontinuity at a pixel.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Field Performance of a Slimline Turbomist Evaporator under Southeastern U. S. Climate Conditions (2003)

A recent study of evaporation technologies for treating F- and H-area groundwater contaminated with radionuclides and metals (Flach 2002) suggested that spray evaporation might be a viable alternative or supplemental technique for managing tritiated groundwater at the Mixed Waste Management Facility. The particular technology of interest in this study is the Slimline Manufacturing Ltd. Turbo-Mist Evaporator, which uses a powerful blower and high-pressure spray nozzles to propel a fine mist into the air at high air and water flowrates.
Techniques for rapid road construction using membrane-enveloped soil layers (1971)

Abstract : The construction and maintenance of membrane-enveloped soil layers (MESL) asbase courses on roadways are described. The concept involves complete encasement of a compacted layer of fine-grained soil by a lower and upperwaterproof membrane. The upper membrane is capable of supporting limitedrubber-tired traffic operations. It is formed by applying emulsifiedasphalt to the surface of the soil layer, placing polypropylene material,applying a second coat of asphalt, and then placing a blotter layer of sand.An MESL road system is applicable for use on roadways where materials forconventional construction of foundation layers are not available withoutconsiderable expenditure of time, effort, or money. Use of the MESL conceptas permanent road construction practice has not been proved feasible.
Simulation Study of Individual and Combined Sources of Intrinsic Parameter Fluctuations in Conventional Nano-MOSFETs (2006)

In this paper, using three-dimensional statistical numerical simulations, the authors study the intrinsic parameter fluctuations introduced by random discrete dopants, line edge roughness (LER), and oxide-thickness variations in realistic bulk MOSFETs scaled to 25, 18, 13 and 9 nm. The scaling is based on a 35 nm MOSFET developed by Toshiba, which has also been used for the calibration of the authors' "atomistic" device simulator. Special attention is paid to the accurate resolution of the individual discrete dopants in the drift-diffusion simulations by introducing density-gradient quantum corrections for both electrons and holes. In the LER simulations, two scenarios have been adopted: in the first one, LER follows the prescriptions of the International Roadmap for Semiconductors; in the second one, LER is kept constant close to the current best values. Combined effects of the different sources of intrinsic parameter fluctuations have also been simulated in the 35 nm reference devices and the results for the standard deviation of the threshold voltage compared to the measured values
Neural Rerendering in the Wild (2019)

We explore total scene capture -- recording, modeling, and rerendering a scene under varying appearance such as season and time of day. Starting from internet photos of a tourist landmark, we apply traditional 3D reconstruction to register the photos and approximate the scene as a point cloud. For each photo, we render the scene points into a deep framebuffer, and train a neural network to learn the mapping of these initial renderings to the actual photos. This rerendering network also takes as input a latent appearance vector and a semantic mask indicating the location of transient objects like pedestrians. The model is evaluated on several datasets of publicly available images spanning a broad range of illumination conditions. We create short videos demonstrating realistic manipulation of the image viewpoint, appearance, and semantic labeling. We also compare results with prior work on scene reconstruction from internet photos.
Pale, soft, and exudative meat in turkeys treated with succinylcholine (1998)

Rapid post-mortem metabolism concomitant with the early onset of rigor mortis can lead to the development of pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) meat. However, a reliable, nonlethal method for induction of this syndrome for the ante-mortem identification of abnormal turkeys has not been identified. The present study was conducted to evaluate the potential use of succinylcholine for inducing PSE meat in susceptible turkeys. Four-week-old Nicholas toms were either uninjected (controls) (n = 44) or injected with succinylcholine and butorphanol (n = 76) in combination. Post-mortem tissue samples were taken from the Pectoralis at 15 min, 2 h, and 4 h, for pH and R-value (the ratio of inosine to adenosine) determination. L*values were evaluated at 4 and 24 h post-mortem and drip loss and cook loss were determined. Means for pH, R-value, L*value, drip loss, and cook loss did not differ due to injection treatment. When Pectoralis were grouped as normal (L* < 53) or pale (L* > 53), pale fillets had lower pH and higher R-values than normal birds by 15 min post-mortem. Decreased water-holding properties were evident as drip loss and cook loss were increased in the pale group. The observed frequency of pale birds was 21.6% in the population, and the occurrence of pale birds was highest in the butorphanol-treated group. These findings suggest that although butorphanol did not affect overall treatment means for the test parameters, more turkeys in the treated group exhibited PSE meat.
Laser-induced, sequential two-photon redox processes of transition-metal complexes. Effects of coordination environment, laser pulse intensity, and excited-state lifetimes (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLaser-induced, sequential two-photon redox processes of transition-metal complexes. Effects of coordination environment, laser pulse intensity, and excited-state lifetimesR. Sriram, John F. Endicott, and Kirkwood M. CunninghamCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1981, 85, 1, 38–46Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150601a011https://doi.org/10.1021/j150601a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views38Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Metal–Support Interactions in Rhodium Catalysts Supported on Tetravalent Metal Pyrophosphates (MP2O7; M = Si, Ti, and Zr) (2021)

A series of tetravalent metal pyrophosphates (MP2O7; M = Si, Ti, and Zr) were studied as support materials for rhodium (Rh) catalysts to elucidate the effect of the M–O–P bond covalency on the interfacial interaction with the Rh. Based on the experimental and density functional theory calculation results, the bond covalency strongly depends on the type of M, with the Si–O–P bond exhibiting stronger covalency, whereas more ionic characters were found for M = Ti and Zr. The Rh K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure revealed that the supported Rh nanoparticles formed an interfacial Rh–O–P bond via the interaction with the surface-terminated [P2O7] unit with a corner-shared bitetrahedral structure. The electronic state of the Rh was therefore affected by the M–O–P bond. According to the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, the Rh exhibited an electron deficiency due to an electron-withdrawing effect from the [P2O7] unit, which had a Lewis acid character. The extent of electron deficiency was significantly larger when the Rh nanoparticles were supported on SiP2O7, which has a more covalent bonding character compared with ZrP2O7 and TiP2O7, thus leading to the lack of chemisorption capacity for CO. Consequently, the Rh/SiP2O7 catalyst was far less active in a model reaction of a stoichiometric CO–NO–C3H6–O2 mixture, whereas a steep light-off of the reaction was achieved at lower temperatures for the Rh/ZrP2O7 and Rh/TiP2O7 catalysts.
Possible beneficial interaction between statins and combination anglotensin receptor blocker (ARB) and ACE inhibitor treatment in patients with myocardial infarction: A post hoc analysis of the VALsartan in acute myocardial iNfarcTion trial (VALIANT) (2005)

Throughout the first three decades of the twentieth century, black people in New York City encountered white violence, especially police brutality in Manhattan. The black community used various strategies to curtail white mob violence and police brutality, one of which was self-defense. This article examines blacks’ response to violence, specifically the debate concerning police brutality and self-defense in Harlem during the 1920s. While historians have examined race riots, blacks’ everyday encounters with police violence in the North have received inadequate treatment. By approaching everyday violence and black responses—self-defense, legal redress, and journalists’ remonstrations—as a process of political development, this article argues that the systematic violence perpetrated by the police both mobilized and politicized blacks individually and collectively to defend their community, but also contributed to a community consciousness that established police brutality as a legitimate issue for black protest.
Synthesis and pre-clinical evaluation of a [18F]fluoromethyl-tanaproget derivative for imaging of progesterone receptor expression (2016)

This work features the synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel fluorinated derivative of tanaproget and a carbon-11 labelled analogue, a high affinity non-steroidal PR ligand, as a possible candidate for imaging PR expression<italic>in vivo</italic>.
Fluctuation effects on the thermal expansion of the incommensurate crystal Sn2P2Se6 (1993)

The paraelectric-incommensurate and the incommensurate-commensurate phase transitions of the proper ferroelectric crystal Sn2P2Se6 are studied by thermal expansion measurement on crystals grown by two different techniques. For vapour-transport grown crystals the observed deviation around Ti from the Landau theory can be described by a small fluctuation correction, whereas for Bridgemann-method grown crystals this deviation is most likely to be due to random local field-type defects. For both types of crystals in the low-temperature region of the incommensurate phase an additional contribution to the spontaneous deformation above the Landau part has been revealed.
COVID-19 vaccination coverage and its cognitive determinants among older adults in Shanghai, China, during the COVID-19 epidemic (2023)

Acquiring accurate knowledge and developing a positive attitude toward COVID-19 vaccines are important factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination. Disseminating informed information on COVID-19 vaccines and ensuring efficacious communication regarding their efficacy and safety would enhance awareness about COVID-19 vaccination among older adults and consequently boost their vaccination coverage.
Investigation of pH-Responsiveness inside Lipid Nanoparticles for Parenteral mRNA Application Using Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (2020)

Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based nanomedicines have shown to be a promising new lead in a broad field of potential applications such as tumor immunotherapy. Of these nanomedicines, lipid-based mRNA nanoparticles comprising ionizable lipids are gaining increasing attention as versatile technologies for fine-tuning toward a given application, with proven potential for successful development up to clinical practice. Still, several hurdles have to be overcome to obtain a drug product that shows adequate mRNA delivery and clinical efficacy. In this study, pH-induced changes in internal molecular organization and overall physicochemical characteristics of lipoplexes comprising ionizable lipids were investigated using small-angle X-ray scattering and supplementary techniques. These changes were determined for different types of ionizable lipids, present at various molar fractions and N/P ratios inside the phospholipid membranes. The investigated systems showed a lamellar organization, allowing an accurate determination of pH-dependent structural changes. The differences in the pH responsiveness of the systems comprising different ionizable lipids and mRNA fractions could be clearly revealed from their structural evolution. Measurements of the degree of ionization and pH-dependent mRNA loading into the systems by fluorescence assays supported the findings from the structural investigation. Our approach allows for direct in situ determination of the structural response of the lipoplex systems to changes of the environmental pH similar to that observed for endosomal uptake. These data therefore provide valuable complementary information for understanding and fine-tuning of tailored mRNA delivery systems toward improved cellular uptake and endosomal processing.
MYC Overexpression at the Protein and mRNA Level and Cancer Outcomes among Men Treated with Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer (2017)

<b>Background:</b> The proto-oncogene <i>MYC</i> is implicated in prostate cancer progression. Whether MYC tumor expression at the protein or mRNA level is associated with poorer prognosis has not been well studied.<b>Methods:</b> We conducted a cohort study including 634 men from the Physicians' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study treated with radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer in 1983-2004 and followed up for a median of 13.7 years. MYC protein expression was evaluated using IHC, and we used Cox regression to calculate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of its association with lethal prostate cancer (distant metastases/prostate cancer-related death). We assessed the association between MYC mRNA expression and lethal prostate cancer in a case-control study, including 113 lethal cases and 291 indolent controls.<b>Results:</b> MYC nuclear protein expression was present in 97% of tumors. MYC protein expression was positively correlated with tumor proliferation rate (<i>r</i> = 0.37; <i>P</i> < 0.001) and negatively correlated with apoptotic count (<i>r</i> = -0.17; <i>P</i> < 0.001). There were no significant associations between MYC protein expression and stage, grade, or PSA level at diagnosis. The multivariable HR for lethal prostate cancer among men in the top versus bottom quartile of MYC protein expression was 1.09 (95% CI, 0.50-2.35). There was no significant association between MYC mRNA expression and lethal prostate cancer.<b>Conclusions:</b> Neither MYC protein overexpression nor MYC mRNA overexpression are strong prognostic markers in men treated with radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer.<b>Impact:</b> This is the largest study to examine the prognostic role of MYC protein and mRNA expression in prostate cancer. <i>Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(2); 201-7. ©2017 AACR</i>.
High Temperature Cyclic Oxidation Furnace Testing at NASA Lewis Research Center (1982)

Abstract A standardized method of testing the cyclic oxidation resistance of various alloys in static air up to 1200°C has been developed and routinely used at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Lewis Research Center. Test specimens are automatically raised and lowered into a resistance wound furnace for a series of fixed-interval heating and cooling cycles. Spall catchers collect the accumulated spall from each specimen. The specimens are weighed intermittently to generate specific weight change with time data. At various test times the specimens and the accumulated spall are analyzed by X-ray diffraction. A computer program is used to print out the specific weight change versus time data and the X-ray data in tabular form and to plot the specific weight change versus time data in a publishable format. The data are also organized and indexed. So far several hundred iron-, nickel-, and cobalt-base alloys have been tested using this basic procedure and will form the basis of a series of cyclic oxidation handbooks to be published by NASA. Such specific weight change/time data have been used to estimate the oxidative metal consumption by several computer modeling techniques both to rank alloys and to estimate life.
Methods of Cell Purification: A Critical Juncture for Laboratory Research and Translational Science (2011)

Research in cell biology and the development of translational technologies are driven by competition, public expectations, and regulatory oversight, putting these fields at a critical juncture. Success in these fields is quickly becoming dependent on the ability of researchers to identify and isolate specific cell populations from heterogeneous mixtures accurately and efficiently. Many methods for cell purification have been developed, and each has advantages and disadvantages that must be considered in light of the intended application. Current cell separation strategies make use of surface proteins, genetic expression, and physics to isolate specific cells by phenotypic traits. Cell purification is also dependent on the cellular reagents available for use and the intended application, as these factors may preclude certain mechanisms used in the processes of labeling and sorting cells.
Dysfunction and Thrombotic Complications of Vascular Access Devices (2006)

Catheter dysfunction occurs frequently in patients receiving home parenteral nutrition (HPN). Catheter-associated thrombosis can be life threatening and limit future vascular sites. Both of these complications can be minimized and treated by proper catheter placement and being aware of preventative and therapeutic measures.
The plausibility of computing the h‐index of scholarly productivity and impact using reference‐enhanced databases (2008)

Purpose This paper aims to provide a general overview, to be followed by a series of papers focusing on the analysis of pros and cons of the three largest, cited‐reference‐enhanced, multidisciplinary databases (Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science) for determining the h‐index. Design/methodology/approach The paper focuses on the analysis of pros and cons of the three largest, cited‐reference‐enhanced, multidisciplinary databases (Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science). Findings The h‐index, developed by Jorge E. Hirsch to quantify the scientific output of researchers, has immediately received well‐deserved attention in academia. The theoretical part of his idea was widely embraced, and even enhanced, by several researchers. Many of them also recommended derivative metrics based on Hirsch's idea to compensate for potential distortion factors, such as high self‐citation rates. The practical aspects of determining the h‐index also need scrutiny, because some content and software characteristics of reference‐enhanced databases can strongly influence the h‐index values. Originality/value The paper focuses on the analysis of pros and cons of the three largest, cited‐reference‐enhanced, multidisciplinary databases.
Aveksha (2011)

It is important to get an idea of the events occurring in an embedded wireless node when it is deployed in the field, away from the convenience of an interactive debugger. Such visibility can be useful for post-deployment testing, replay-based debugging, and for performance and energy profiling of various software components. Prior software-based solutions to address this problem have incurred high execution overhead and intrusiveness. The intrusiveness changes the intrinsic timing behavior of the application, thereby reducing the fidelity of the collected profile. Prior hardware-based solutions have involved the use of dedicated ASICs or other tightly coupled changes to the embedded node's processor, which significantly limits their applicability.
A scope for the research and argument activities on electric vehicle development mode in demonstration city (2014)

Electric Vehicles (EVs) has made rapid development in several cities, with the continuous, orderly and scientific support of relevant national policy and research. And with smart grid becoming more mature, electric power will be the first choice for urban energy, which has great impetus for the popularity of EVs. It is so significant to decide the future large-scale EVs adopting plug-in or battery replacement charging mode. For this end, this paper proposed an evaluation system based on a set of comprehensive indexes. And the indexes analyses are all based on a forecast of future EV scale. An verification, based on data of the "twelfth five-year" electric car development plan of Beijing, indicates that the utility electric vehicles adopt the battery replacement charging mode, and the passenger vehicles is focused on the plug-in changing mode, which keeps pace with the situation policy on electric vehicles of Beijing. And the results confirm the efficiency and feasibility of the proposed evaluation method.
Corrigendum: Characterising an Alternative Murine Model of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy (2021)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01395.].
The Logic of Value Imperatives (1946)

This paper represents an attempt to indicate the idea of a logic slightly more general than sentential calculus, which is applicable to many philosophical issues. In particular, I shall use this generalized calculus to discuss a variation of the logic of imperatives. In part I, certain general considerations about indicative calculi provide the basis, as well as indicate the need, for the more formal construction of part II. Part III illustrates the analytical power of the tool constructed, and tries to show its relevance for philosophy.
Optical transforms of disordered systems containing symmetry-related scattering sites (1990)

A previously described method of synthesizing a real-space distribution of scattering points which will give rise to virtually any required diffraction pattern has been extended to include the possibility of multiple symmetry-related sites per unit cell. The distribution may be used in the form of an optical diffraction screen to give an immediate visual check on both the real-space and reciprocal-space distributions. The method has been applied successfully to two examples which exhibit strong diffuse X-ray scattering effects: a molecular crystal sample, 1,3-dibromo-2,5-diethyl-4,6-dimethylbenzene (BEMB2), in which disorder occurs because the molecule can take up two different orientations in any given molecular site, and a mineral mullite, Al2(Al2 + 2xSi2 − 2x)O10 − x⊗x, where disorder diffuse scattering occurs as a result of the oxygen vacancies ⊗ and the accompanying cation displacements.