gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The potential of salinity gradient energy based on natural and anthropogenic resources in Sweden (2023)

This paper presents assessment of natural and anthropogenic sources of blue energy within Swedish territory to identify suitable spots for implementing new projects. The natural energy potential of salinity gradients was found to be higher in southwest Sweden, and a national energy resource potential of 2610.6 MW from seawater/river water mixing will be reduced to a technical potential ranging from 1044.3 MW to 1825.4 MW considering technical and environmental constraints. It has been found that the theoretical extractable energy potential in Sweden is equivalent to 13% of the total electricity consumption and 6.2% of the total final energy consumption by energy commodities. Anthropogenic water sources were also highlighted as promising low and high-concentration solutions for SGE extraction. Gotland was identified as an attractive location for generating salinity gradient power. The total salinity gradient power obtainable by mixing municipal wastewater with seawater in Sweden was estimated to be 11.8 MW. The most promising site for this process was determined to be Gryaab AB Ryaverket in Gothenburg, which accounted for 45.8% of the total national potential from anthropogenic sources.
Polycrystalline Indium Gallium Tin Oxide Thin-Film Transistors With High Mobility Exceeding 100 cm2/Vs (2021)

This letter reports the fabrication of high performance polycrystalline InGaSnO (IGTO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) at a low temperature of 400 °C. The microstructure of IGTO films was analyzed using X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The fabricated polycrystalline IGTO TFTs exhibited an unexpected high mobility of 116.5 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /Vs, threshold voltage of 0.47 V, low subthreshold gate swing of 134 mV/decade, and I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON/OFF</sub> ratio of >1 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sup> . Moreover, the stable behavior against external gate bias stress was observed for crystalline IGTO TFTs, which was attributed to the high degree of metal-oxygen lattice ordering.
Electromagnetic Shielding Handbook for Wired and Wireless EMC Applications (1999)

Foreword. Preface. 1. Introduction to System EMI and EMC. 2. Understanding Electromagnetic Shielding. 3. Transfer Parameters of Electromagnetic Shields and Enclosures. 4. EMI Environment and Electromagnetic Coupling in Shielding. 5. Shielding Effectiveness for EMI Protection. 6. Shielding Measurement Techniques and Apparatus: The Tools of the Trade. 7. Shielding Engineering. 8. This Brave New Old World of Electromagnetic Shielding. 9. Appendix: Selected Topics in Electromagnetics and Circuit Theory. Bibliography. Index.
Two-Dimensional Péclet Numbers for Peak Quality Scoring (2011)

We have developed a tool we call Two-Dimensional Péclet analysis to help in determining optimum operational parameters for analytical systems that require automated analysis of large numbers of analyte data peaks. In this paper, we derive the technique from moment analysis of the peaks and single-dimensional Péclet theory. Two-Dimensional Péclet analysis allows automated comparison of response peaks with differing shapes and amplitudes to be compared simultaneously in multicomponent mixtures. In addition to peak resolution and fidelity, individual two-dimensional moment components can provide feedback to total mass (zero moment), centroid location in time space (first moment), and two-dimensional spread of data (second moment).
High‐content imaging and structure‐based predictions reveal functional differences between Niemann‐Pick C1 variants (2020)

Abstract The human Niemann‐Pick C1 (NPC1) gene encoding a 1278 amino acid protein is very heterogeneous. While some variants represent benign polymorphisms, NPC disease carriers and patients may possess rare variants, whose functional importance remains unknown. An NPC1 cDNA construct known as NPC1 wild‐type variant (WT‐V), distributed between laboratories and used as a WT control in several studies, also contains changes regarding specific amino acids compared to the NPC1 Genbank reference sequence. To improve the dissection of subtle functional differences, we generated human cells stably expressing NPC1 variants from the AAVS1 safe‐harbor locus on an NPC1‐null background engineered by CRISPR/Cas9 editing. We then employed high‐content imaging with automated image analysis to quantitatively assess LDL‐induced, time‐dependent changes in lysosomal cholesterol content and lipid droplet formation. Our results indicate that the L472P change present in NPC1 WT‐V compromises NPC1 functionality in lysosomal cholesterol export. All‐atom molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the L472P change alters the relative position of the NPC1 middle and the C‐terminal luminal domains, disrupting the recently characterized cholesterol efflux tunnel. These results reveal functional defects in NPC1 WT‐V and highlight the strength of simulations and quantitative imaging upon stable protein expression in elucidating subtle differences in protein function.
Sequential Estimation of 3D Shape and Reflectance Property of Object with Light Field Camera (2017)

We discuss a method which sequentially estimates 3D shape and reflectance properties of an object. To estimate these values, we use a light field camera to capture multi view light fields. First, we acquire a 3D point cloud by structure from motion, and then we generate a mesh from the point cloud. Second, we simultaneously estimate normal vectors and a light source from the mesh. Finally, we estimate reflectance parameters of a reflection model with the mesh, normal vectors, and the light source. We also compare the original photo with a CG image rendered using the parameters estimated by our method.
Cloning and Partial Characterization of an Endo-α-(1→6)-d-Mannanase Gene from Bacillus circulans (2019)

Mycobacteria produce two major lipoglycans, lipomannan (LM) and lipoarabinomannan (LAM), whose broad array of biological activities are tightly related to the fine details of their structure. However, the heterogeneity of these molecules in terms of internal and terminal covalent modifications and complex internal branching patterns represent significant obstacles to their structural characterization. Previously, an endo-α-(1→6)-D-mannanase from <i>Bacillus circulans</i> proved useful in cleaving the mannan backbone of LM and LAM, allowing the reducing end of these molecules to be identified as Man<i>p</i>-(1→6) [Man<i>p</i>-(1→2)]-Ino. Although first reported 45 years ago, no easily accessible form of this enzyme was available to the research community, a fact that may in part be explained by a lack of knowledge of its complete gene sequence. Here, we report on the successful cloning of the complete endo-α-(1→6)-D-mannanase gene from <i>Bacillus circulans</i> TN-31, herein referred to as <i>emn</i>. We further report on the successful production and purification of the glycosyl hydrolase domain of this enzyme and its use to gain further insight into its substrate specificity using synthetic mannoside acceptors as well as LM and phosphatidyl-<i>myo</i>-inositol mannoside precursors purified from mycobacteria.
Formation of c-Axis-Oriented Bi4Ti3O12 Films with Extremely Flat Surface by Spin-Coating (1996)

The formation of c-axis-oriented Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) films by spin-coating has been investigated. The crystallinity of BIT films depends on the Bi to Ti molar ratio of the starting BIT solution and on the annealing temperature. The BIT film spin-coated with a 10% Bi-rich solution and annealed at 850° C shows a highly c-axis-oriented crystallinity. In addition, it is found that a BIT layer spin-coated on this c-axis-oriented film becomes highly c-axis-oriented even if the starting solution is not Bi-rich, and that the obtained film has an extremely flat surface when the first BIT layer is thinly applied. The resulting films exhibit good properties for use in metal-ferroelectric-metal-insulator-semiconductor (MFMIS) structural memory devices, such as a low leakage current density of 7×10-7 A/cm2 at 3 V, a remanent polarization of 2.5 µ C/cm2, a coercive field of 8 kV/cm, and a dielectric constant of 120.
Identification of OLIG2 as most specific glioblastoma stem cell marker starting from comparative analysis of data from similar DNA chip microarray platforms (2014)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Damping factor in Google page ranking (2006)

Abstract Google, the largest search engine worldwide, adopts PageRank technology to determine the rank of website listings. This paper describes how damping factor is a critical factor in changing a website's ranking in traditional Google PageRank technology. A modified algorithm based on input–output ratio concept is proposed to substitute for the damping factor. Besides there is no need to choose an optimal damping factor value, the modified algorithm has an equivalent effect on computation as the traditional Google's PageRank algorithm. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
The interactions of novel mononuclear platinum-based complexes with DNA (2018)

The biological characteristics of these compounds were assessed relative to cisplatin, and a variation in the sequence specificity and a greater capacity to induce DNA unwinding was observed. These compounds warrant further investigations towards developing more efficient chemotherapeutic drugs.
High Temperature‐Induced Repression of the Rice Sucrose Transporter (OsSUT1) and Starch Synthesis‐Related Genes in Sink and Source Organs at Milky Ripening Stage Causes Chalky Grains (2012)

Abstract High temperatures during rice grain ripening reduced yield and grain quality. The proportion of milky white grains was 43.6 % at 30 °C but only 6.5 % at 25 °C. Grain filling was initially faster at 30 °C and finished earlier, and the final dry matter content was less, than at 25 °C. High temperature strongly suppressed the expression of the sucrose transporter gene O s SUT 1 and starch synthesis‐related genes S u S y2 , AGPS 2b , BEII b and Granule‐bound starch synthase in grains during early grain filling; the transcription levels of O s SUT 1 at 14 days after flowering ( DAF ) were about 60 % lower in grains, flag leaf blade, flag leaf sheath and first leaf sheath. These facts are possibly involved in the earlier termination of grain filling at 21 DAF , following the rapid rise of grain dry weight from 0 to 7 DAF , due to possible reduction in assimilate supply via O s SUT 1 under the high temperature. When panicles were partly clipped, the resultant increase in assimilate supply to the remaining grains significantly upregulated the expression of O s SUT 1 and the starch synthesis‐related genes at 14 DAF , which consequently accelerated starch accumulation in the grains and ultimately increased the grain weight of remaining grains at 30 °C. These results indicate that high temperature during grain filling reduces grain yield and quality by changing the expression of O s SUT 1 and starch synthase‐related genes, resulting in earlier ripening due to hastened or premature assimilate supply to grains.
Accurate positioning of mobile phones in a crowd using laser range scanners (2013)

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to positioning mobile phone users in a crowd of people. We assume such a situation that people in specific space (e.g., an exhibition hall) have mobile phones and they periodically probe proximity between the surrounding users via short-range wireless communication (e.g., Bluetooth). We also assume that laser range scanners (LRSs) are deployed in the space to track positions of those mobile phone users. By fusing the accurate, but anonymous trace information obtained by LRSs and the identified phone-to-phone proximity information, our method derives accurate identified traces of each mobile phone user, which are essential for pedestrian navigation and other emerging location/situation-aware applications. Through extensive simulations, we show that the tracking error quickly converges below 1m in most cases.
Organische Nitrate und Thrombozytenfunktion (1988)

Zusammenfassung Organische Nitrate unterschiedlicher chemischer Struktur sowie Nitroprussidnatrium und Molsidomin (bzw. ihre biologisch aktiven Metaboliten) können die (primäre) Aggregation und Sekretion von Humanthrombozyten in vitro und ex vivo hemmen. Eine solche Wirkung wird für Molsidomin (SIN-1) und Nitroprussidnatrium in vitro in Konzentrationen beobachtet, die in der gleichen Größenordnung liegen wie die vasodilatierenden Effekte der Substanzen. Dagegen sind für eine direkte Antiplättchenwirkung organischer Nitrate (Glyzeryltrinitrat, Isosorbiddinitr at, Isosorbidmononitrate, Teopranitol) in vitro Konzentrationen erforderlich, die ca. 100- bis 1000fach höher sind als die Plasmaspiegel der Substanzen nach therapeutischer Dosierung bzw. die Konzentrationen, die isolierte Gefäßstreifen relaxieren. Als gemeinsamer Wirkungsmechanismus der direkten thrombozy-tenfunktionshemmenden und gefäßerweiternden Wirkung all dieser Substanzen kann heute eine Stickoxid-(NO)-vermittelte Stimulation der cGMP-Bildung angenommen werden, das aus organischen Nitraten als »Pro-drug« entsteht. Die Freisetzung von NO, eines »endothelial cell-derived relaxing factors« (EDRF) aus Nitroprussidnatrium und SIN-1 erfolgt spontan. Dagegen erfordert die Freisetzung von NO aus organischen Nitraten einen enzymatischen Stoffwechselweg, der in isolierten Thrombozyten nicht vorhanden ist. Eine Antiplättchenwirkung organischer Nitrate in vivo bzw. ex vivo wird daher über die Stimulation eines endothelialen, thrombozyteninhibitorischen Faktors erklärt. Hierbei sind Prostazyklin sowie ein bisher unbekannter Endothel-zellfaktor neben einer synergistischen Wirkung organischer Nitrate mit endogenem Prostazyklin in Diskussion. Eine thrombozytenfunktionshemmen-de Wirkung organischer Nitrate könnte in Kombination mit ihren hämody-namischen Effekten auch für die an-tianginöse Wirkung in der Klinik bedeutsam sein, insbesondere zur Verhinderung vasospastischer Zustände bei der instabilen Angina pectoris.
Ink-jet printing of self-aligned soluble-pentacene crystals for high-performance organic field-effect transistors (2007)

We have reported the fabrication of the self-organized 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene (TIPS_PEN) crystals with highly ordered molecular structures by using evaporation-induced flows in a solution process. The one-dimensional microcrystal arrays of TIPS_PEN were fabricated by simple solution casting on a tilted substrate. By pinning a solution droplet on the tilted substrate, an array of ribbon-shaped crystals aligned in the tilted direction was formed on the substrate. In particular, self-aligned TIPS_PEN crystals with highly ordered crystalline structures via inkjet printing were successfully produced by controlling the evaporation-induced flow using solvent mixture, and arise when there is a recirculation flow in a inkjet printed droplet that is induced by a Marangoni flow (surface-tension-driven flow) in the direction opposite to the outward convective flow. The field-effect transistors fabricated with these self-aligned TIPS_PEN crystals via drop casting and inkjet printing exhibit significantly improved electrical performance. These results demonstrate that control of evaporation-induced flow in a solution process of organic semiconductor can be an excellent method for the production of organic semiconductor films with uniform morphology and desired molecular orientation for the direct-write fabrication of high-performance OFETs.
Functional dissection of human protease μ‐calpain in cell migration using RNAi (2006)

Calpains are a family of calcium-dependent cysteine proteases involved in a variety of cellular functions. Two isoforms, m-calpain and mu-calpain, have been implicated in cell migration. However, since conventional inhibitors used for the studies of the functions of these enzymes lack specificity, the individual physiological function and biochemical mechanism of these two isoforms, especially mu-calpain, are not clear. In contrast, RNA interference has the potential to allow a sequence-specific destruction of target RNA for functional assay of gene of interest. In the present study, we found that small interfering RNAs-mediated knockdown of mu-calpain expression in MCF-7 cells that do not express m-Calpain led to a reduction of cell migration. This isoform-specific function of mu-calpain was further confirmed by the rescue experiment as overexpression of mu-calpain but not m-calpain could restore the cell migration rate. Knockdown of mu-calpain also altered cell morphology with increased filopodial projections and a highly elongated tail that seemed to prevent cell spreading and migration with reduced rear detachment ability. Furthermore, knockdown of mu-calpain decreased the proteolytic products of filamin and talin, which were specifically rescued by overexpression of mu-calpain but not m-calpain, suggesting that their proteolysis could be one of the key mechanisms by which mu-calpain regulates cell migration.
Mechanisms of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a patient with right ventricular dilatation—an echocardiographic contribution (1996)

The mechanism of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is still debated. Two different theories have been proposed: direct cardiac compression versus intrathoracic pressure. A patient with dilated right cardiac chambers, who underwent a transesophageal echocardiography study during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, is reported. The direct compression mechanism was clearly demonstrated.
Effects of Altitudinal Gradient on Physicochemical and Rheological Potential of Quinoa Cultivars (2022)

The protein, carbohydrate, and fat characteristics of quinoa grains reflect in their techno-functional potential. This aspect has been little studied in quinoa, while some physicochemical and rheological characteristics have been generalized for all cultivars under all primary production conditions. The aim of this research is to determine the agro-industrial potential of different quinoa cultivars evaluated under different environments through physicochemical and rheological responses. This study has a factorial design with a first level corresponding to cultivars and a second level to production zones. The results showed that the cultivars present high compositional variability. It was also found that the altitudinal gradient changes protein and starch composition, protein secondary structure, and starch structural conformation. In addition, significant variations were found in viscosity, breakdown, and dispersion setback for all treatments. However, there were no differences between treatments before heating/cooling and after heat treatment.
Health Technology Assessment of Four Drugs for Patients with Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (2016)

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men in Norway with nearly 5000 new cases yearly. Advanced prostate cancer is not curable, but several new treatment alternatives have been developed in recent years.In this Health Technology Assessment we have compared the relative effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of four drugs used for patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer. The drugs are abiraterone, cabazitaxel, enzalutamide and radium-223. Effectiveness: For all patients, independent of previous treatment, all four intervention drugs compared with passive treatment (follow up time 12 to 49 months): probably increase median overall survival (reduce risk of death) by approximately four months probably increase the progression free survival period between one to five months may cause more serious adverse events (abiraterone, cabazitaxel, radium-223) or there may be little or no difference between the treatment groups (enzalutamide) probably improves the quality of life slightly For all endpoints, we assessed the quality of evidence to be either moderate or low. Cost-effectiveness: All four drug treatments, with the exception of radium-223 for docetaxel-naive patients, are more effective but also more costly than BSC. In the docetaxel-naive patients, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were NOK 984,163 for abiraterone and NOK 971,465 for enzalutamide. In the post-docetaxel patients ICERs were: NOK 789,128 for abiraterone, NOK 809,595 for enzalutamide NOK 993,004, for radium-223, and NOK 1,210,474 for cabazitaxel. Treatments are considered cost-effective if the willingness-to-pay per extra QALY gained is above the ICER. Substantial price discounts would be necessary for these four drug treatments to be cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay of NOK 500,000.
Designing Defective Crystalline Carbon Nitride to Enable Selective CO2 Photoreduction in the Gas Phase (2019)

Abstract Polymeric carbon nitrides are promising photocatalysts for CO 2 photoreduction, but still show lower activity and selectivity. Herein, the synthesis of an ordered crystalline carbon nitride is reported which is simultaneously rich in special defects, accomplished via the co‐condensation of guanidine hydrochloride and dicyandiamide under acetonitrile‐promoted solvothermal conditions. The high crystallinity boosts charge migration, and the structural terminations with cyano and carboxyl groups result in the improvement of optical absorption, the ability to store charges at the surface, and CO 2 binding. The crystalline carbon nitride with surface defect design enables the effective gas‐phase CO 2 photoreduction into hydrocarbon fuels while oxidizing water to oxygen, at a rate of 12.07 µmol h −1 g −1 and a selectivity of 91.5%, both values of which are remarkably higher than those of most previous carbon nitride photocatalysts. This study highlights the preparation of defective crystalline carbon nitride using a low‐temperature solvothermal synthesis, as well as a resultant good selectivity toward hydrocarbons in the application of gas‐phase CO 2 photoreduction in the absence of any cocatalyst or sacrificial agent.
Summarization &amp;#8212; Compressing Data into an Informative Representation (2006)

In this paper, we formulate the problem of summarization of a dataset of transactions with categorical attributes as an optimization problem involving two objective functions - compaction gain and information loss. We propose metrics to characterize the output of any summarization algorithm. We investigate two approaches to address this problem. The first approach is an adaptation of clustering and the second approach makes use of frequent item sets from the association analysis domain. We illustrate one application of summarization in the field of network data where we show how our technique can be effectively used to summarize network traffic into a compact but meaningful representation. Specifically, we evaluate our proposed algorithms on the 1998 DARPA Off-line Intrusion Detection Evaluation data and network data generated by SKAION Corp for the ARDA information assurance program.