gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Amino Acid Transporter LAT3 Is Required for Podocyte Development and Function (2009)

LAT3 is a Na+-independent neutral l-amino acid transporter recently isolated from a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Although liver, skeletal muscle, and pancreas are known to express LAT3, the tissue distribution and physiologic function of this transporter are not completely understood. Here, we observed that glomeruli express LAT3. Immunofluorescence, confocal microscopy, and immunoelectron microscopy revealed that LAT3 localizes to the apical plasma membrane of podocyte foot processes. In mice, starvation upregulated glomerular LAT3, phosphorylated AKT1, reconstituted the actin network, and elongated foot processes. In the fetal kidney, we observed intense LAT3 expression at the capillary loops stage of renal development. Finally, zebrafish morphants lacking lat3 function showed collapsed glomeruli with thickened glomerular basement membranes. Permeability studies of the glomerular filtration barrier in these zebrafish morphants demonstrated a disruption of selective glomerular permeability. Our data suggest that LAT3 may play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of podocyte structure and function by regulating protein synthesis and the actin cytoskeleton.
Overexpression of scatter factor and its receptor (c‐met) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (1998)

The results suggest that the SF/c-met ligand-receptor pair is overexpressed in SCC of the oral cavity.
Rapid MR Scanner Independent B1 Field Measurement System for Phased Arrays (2022)

This paper demonstrates a rapid B1 field benchtop measurement system that is independent of an MR scanner and network analyzer. This system can be used to obtain radiofrequency (B1 field) strength distribution plots of multiple 2D slices (with an extension to 3D) of a liquid cylindrical phantom for multi-element phased arrays used in MRI. The system can be used in three modes- element, phased array, and multiple fixed point pattern measurement. These modes are demonstrated for a 7T 1H eight-channel dipole array and a corn-syrup based phantom. The system can measure complex phase and amplitude measurements from up to 8 elements in the first mode one or 8 different phase settings in the second mode at a rate of approximately 37 positions per minute, allowing a full 2D B1 mapping for 1303 points in 33.05 minutes. The scan patterns obtained using this setup are compared to the ones obtained using an HP network analyzer and simulations. This work can be extended to measure the E field, SAR and upon increasing the speed of measurement, could be used for applications such as Transmit SENSE. Clinical Relevance- This work benefits a faster and more widely accessible measurement system for phased array antennas for MRI. As phased arrays are becoming very important in MRI, the ability to assess individual element performance more rapidly and B1 shimming performance is important to aid in their further development.
T helper cell subclasses and clinical disease states (2002)

The functionally different CD4 T helper cell subsets known as T helper 1 (Th1) and T helper 2 (Th2) display a unique and different cytokine profile. Abnormal skewing toward Th1 or Th2 cells has been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders and in inflammatory and allergic diseases. The Th1/Th2 paradigm continues to serve as a model to understand the pathogenesis of several pathologic conditions and provides the rationale for the development of new strategies for treating and preventing these diseases. Over the past year, efforts have continued to increase our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development and regulation of Th cells and their pathogenic role and therapeutic potential in the induction and treatment of clinic diseases. Several teams of researchers have further examined the association of Th1/Th2 inducing factors and allergic disease and intestinal inflammatory diseases. The protective effect of helminth infection on allergy and the role of regulatory T cells in both Th1- and Th2-mediated diseases have been further examined.
Microwave analogue to a subwavelength plasmon switeh (2004)

We construct and characterize a three terminal modulator, which operates in the microwave band at 8.0 GHz (λ = 3.7 cm) via interference of electromagnetic waves confined to a subwavelength structure. On/off ratios of more than 20 dB have been observed. 

The modulator consists of intersecting linear arrays of closely spaced metal rods, similar to Yagi antenna aerials, that act as waveguides. The experimental results compare favorably with modeled modulation characteristics determined by full-field electromagnetic simulation. Analogies to potential optical frequency plasmonic devices, consisting of arrays of nanometer-scale metal particles, are discussed.
Two Types of Nonlinear Pressure-Drop Versus Flow-Rate Relation Observed for Saturated Porous Media (1997)

Previous reports of experiments performed with water (Fund et at., 1987 and Kececioglu and Jiang, 1994) indicated that beyond the Forchheimer regime the rate of change of the hydrostatic pressure gradient along a porous medium suddenly decreases. This abnormal behavior has been termed “transition to turbulence in a porous medium.” We investigate the relationship between the hydrostatic pressure gradient of a fluid (air) through a porous medium and the average seepage fluid velocity. Our experimental results, reported here, indicate an increase in the hydrostatic pressure rate beyond a certain transition speed, not a decrease. Physical arguments based on a consideration of internal versus external incompressible viscous flow are used to justify this distinct behavior, a consequence of the competition between a form dominated transition and a viscous dominated transition. We establish a criterion for the viscous dominated transition from consideration of the results of three porous media with distinct hydraulic characteristics. A theoretical analysis based on the semivariance model validation principle indicates that the pressure gradient versus fluid speed relation indeed departs from the quadratic Forchheimer-extended Darcy flow model, and can be correlated by a cubic function of fluid speed for the velocity range of our experiments.
Results of a phase II study evaluating monalizumab in combination with cetuximab in previously treated recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/M SCCHN) (2018)

Background: Monalizumab (Mona) is an immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting NKG2A receptors expressed on tumor-infiltrating CD8 T and Natural Killer (NK cells). The NKG2A ligand, HLA-E, is upregulated in cancer, particularly SCCHN. Blocking NKG2A-HLA-E binding was shown to promote NK and T cell anti-tumor response. NK cell stimulation with a checkpoint inhibitor was also shown to enhance antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) induced by cetuximab (Cetux). Currently, only Cetux and anti-PD1 antibodies are approved for SCCHN patients (pts) progressing after platinum-based therapy, with response rates ranging from 10-17%. Methods: This is a multicenter phase I/II trial. The phase I part was previously reported showing good safety profile of Mona/Cetux combination. In the phase II part presented here, pts received Mona (10 mg/kg q2weeks) and Cetux (loading 400 then 250 mg/m2 q1week). Patients were required to be progressing after platinum-based therapy and to have received < or = 2 prior lines of therapy. The primary endpoint was ORR per RECIST assessed every 8 weeks. Pts were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Considering a P0 of 10%, P1 of 25%, α of 5% and power of 76%, the trial would be declared positive if > or = 8 out of the 40 enrolled patients showed a confirmed RECIST response. Results: All 40 planned pts have now been enrolled and as of March 9, 2018, 31 pts were evaluable for safety of which 26 were also evaluable for efficacy. These 31 pts received prior platinum, 45% prior anti-PD1 and 10% prior Cetux. The combination was well tolerated and 93% of adverse events (AE) were of Grade 1-2 severity with only 6 % treatment-related grade 3-4 AE. The most common AEs related to Mona were fatigue (17%), pyrexia (13%) and headache (10%). Eight out of 26 patients (31%) achieved a confirmed response (1 complete and 7 partial); 54% had SD. Remaining patients are not yet evaluable as they were enrolled recently. Updated ORR, duration of response, PFS and OS on all patients will be presented during the meeting. Conclusions: These data, if confirmed in subsequent trials, suggest that Mona/Cetux could emerge as a new treatment option for pts with heavily pretreated R/M SCCHN. Clinical trial identification: NCT02643550. Legal entity responsible for the study: Innate Pharma. Funding: Innate Pharma. Disclosure: J. Fayette: Membership on advisory board: BMS, Merck Serono, Innate Pharma. M.R. Posner: Data safety monitoring board: Merck, Cel Sci. C. Even, T. Seiwert: Advisory Board: Innate Pharma. D. Colevas: Consultant: Cota, Inc, KeyQuest Health; Research support: Bristol-Myers Squibb, IRX Therapeutics, Threshold Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Innate Pharma, PRA Health Sciences. F. Calmels, R. Zerbib, A. Boyer Chammard: Stock ownership and employment: Innate Pharma. R. Cohen: Grant to University of Pennsylvania: Innate Pharma. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Threshold instability in IGFET’s due to emission of leakage electrons from silicon substrate into silicon dioxide (1976)

Experimental evidence of a new type of threshold instability in IGFET’s due to the emission of leakage electrons from the silicon substrate into SiO2 is presented. Also presented is a model relating the emission current to the leakage current components of the device. This emission phenomenon could be a serious threshold instability problem at high operating temperatures where the leakage current level is high, especially in devices with a dual dielectric as the gate insulator where the electron trap concentration is very high.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured BSTO Thin-Films for Microwave Applications (2003)

Nanophase synthesis of ferroelectric thin-films of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 (BSTO) was studied systematically for applications in tunable microwave components. Synthesis of nanostructured BSTO was performed using a pulsed-laser deposition system with real-time in-situ process control. The main research goal was to utilize the pulsed laser deposition parameters to control the grain growth for low microwave loss nanostructured BSTO thin-films on crystalline substrates such as LaAlO3. These parameters include the energy density of the laser pulses, wavelength, oxygen partial pressure, distance between the target and the substrate, and the substrate temperature. The nanostructural characterization was performed using XRD, SEM and AFM. Microwave characterization was done using coplanar waveguide lines to characterize the frequency dependent dielectric properties (ϵr and tan δ). BSTO films were grown at the same measured temperature and energy density but in different oxygen ambient pressures from 19 mTorr through 300 mTorr. Using contact mode AFM, the grain size was found to decrease as the oxygen ambient pressure was reduced from 150 mTorr to 38 mTorr. The growth process changed when the pressure was increased above 150 mTorr. Nanocluster structures rather than nanoparticles were found at 225 mTorr. Average grain sizes less than 100 nm were obtained to oxygen pressures below 75 mTorr. The XRD spectra indicate the highly crystalline nature of the film. Microwave measurements, performed between 9–18 GHz, suggest the nano-structured BSTO thin-films on LaAlO3 (LAO) substrates are highly tunable (up to 25%).
Income Source Matters in Farm Household Spending (2009)

International Relations/Trade, Risk and Uncertainty
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Studies of Heterocyclic Compounds Containing One Oxygen and Two Nitrogen Atoms. Part 17. N,N′‐Bis(tosyl)perhydro‐1,5,7‐ oxadiazecine. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Rhizosphere Fungus Enhances Arabidopsis Thermotolerance through Production of an HSP90 Inhibitor (2007)

The molecular chaperone HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN90 (HSP90) is essential for the maturation of key regulatory proteins in eukaryotes and for the response to temperature stress. Earlier, we have reported that fungi living in association with plants of the Sonoran desert produce small molecule inhibitors of mammalian HSP90. Here, we address whether elaboration of the HSP90 inhibitor monocillin I (MON) by the rhizosphere fungus Paraphaeosphaeria quadriseptata affects plant HSP90 and plant environmental responsiveness. We demonstrate that MON binds Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) HSP90 and can inhibit the function of HSP90 in lysates of wheat (Triticum aestivum) germ. MON treatment of Arabidopsis seedlings induced HSP101 and HSP70, conserved components of the stress response. Application of MON, or growth in the presence of MON, allowed Arabidopsis wild type but not AtHSP101 knockout mutant seedlings to survive otherwise lethal temperature stress. Finally, cocultivation of P. quadriseptata with Arabidopsis enhanced plant heat stress tolerance. These data demonstrate that HSP90-inhibitory compounds produced by fungi can influence plant growth and responses to the environment.
Stem cells or macrophages: Which contribute to bone marrow cell therapy for liver cirrhosis? (2011)

We thank Liu and colleagues for their comments; however, it is important to clarify a number of points. This was not a comparative study of stem cells versus differentiated cells.1 Bone marrow (BM) contains a wide range of cell types with potentially diverse actions when delivered during liver injury. Positive effects have been detected following the application of stem/progenitor cell containing BM fractions of varying purity and potency.2, 3 In our experiments, unfractionated BM delivery caused a net increase in murine liver fibrosis.1 This phenotype is likely to be the result of several (interacting and opposing) BM cell populations. BM stem cells, including hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells, constitute a numerically small minority of BM cells. Importantly, injected mesenchymal stem cells can give rise to profibrogenic liver cell populations,4, 5 highlighting the potential risks of uncharacterized cell populations. The advantages of a single differentiated cell type in terms of predictability and mechanistic clarity do not preclude the potential therapeutic benefits of mixed cell fractions. However, for the field to progress, we need to understand the precise activities of individual donor cell lineages before we can make sense of the potentially diverse effects of mixed BM fractions. BM stem cells or their derivatives may have benefit in chronic liver disease. However, to date, clinical studies have been small or uncontrolled, hence larger, randomized controlled trials are now required to determine whether there are positive or negative clinical effects. Indeed, adverse events have already been detected following autologous BM cell infusion.6 To this effect, we are part of a multicenter randomized trial testing CD133+ hematopoietic stem cells in cirrhosis that has already opened in the United Kingdom (ISRCTN: 91288089). Regarding the possibility of BM stem cells transdifferentiating in vivo into hepatocytes, this has repeatedly been shown not to occur to any meaningful degree, if at all. Therefore, paracrine mechanisms of action are more plausible.7, 8 The chronology of human cirrhosis is measured in years, so clinically useful disease-modifying treatments may require repeat administration. Furthermore, it is possible that cell-based treatments will ultimately be tailored to parameters such as disease etiology and stage of disease, necessitating a broad and well-understood therapeutic arsenal. Thomas James*, John Iredale*, Stuart J. Forbes*, * MRC/University of Edinburgh, Center for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Amidopyrylium-Fluoreszenz-Farbstoffe (2005)

Fluoreszenzbasierte Untersuchungsmethoden gewinnen aufgrund ihrer hohen\nNachweisempfindlichkeit speziell in der biochemischen Analytik und medizinischen\nDiagnostik zunehmend an Bedeutung. Häufig werden dabei fluoreszierende Farbstoffe als so\ngenannte Fluoreszenzsonden zur Markierung von Biomolekülen eingesetzt. Vor allem der rote\nSpektralbereich bietet eine Reihe von Vorteilen, so dass es sinnvoll ist, Farbstoffe zu\nverwenden, die oberhalb von 600 nm absorbieren und fluoreszieren.\nBisher gibt es nur wenige Klassen intensiv rot fluoreszierender Farbstoffe, wie z. B. Cyanine,\nOxazine, Carbopyronine und einige Xanthenderivate. 1971 wurde die erste Synthese einer\nneuen Klasse langwellig absorbierender Farbstoffe beschrieben. Diese amidüberbrückten\nBenzopyryliumfarbstoffe sind Gegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit. Es wurde eine große\nAnzahl neuer Vertreter dieser Farbstoffklasse dargestellt und ihre spektralen Eigenschaften\nuntersucht. Neben der Strukturabhängigkeit der Absorptionswellenlänge wird die\nBeeinflussung des Absorptions- und Fluoreszenzverhaltens durch Lösungsmittelumgebung,\npH-Wert und Temperatur vorgestellt.\nDie Amidopyryliumfarbstoffe absorbieren zwischen 590 und 680 nm und zeigen eine\nbesonders große Stokes-Verschiebung von zirka 50 nm. Aus experimentellen Daten kann die\nnatürliche Lebensdauer der Amidopyryliumfarbstoffe zu 8 ns abgeschätzt werden. Bei\nRaumtemperatur variiert die Fluoreszenzquantenausbeute der Farbstoffe in Abhängigkeit von\nder Molekülstruktur zwischen 10 und 50 %. Auch die Lösungsmittelumgebung sowie\nViskosität und Temperatur haben einen starken Einfluss auf die Quantenausbeute.\nEine Verbesserung der Stabilität der Farbstoffe in basischem Medium konnte durch die\nEinführung eines Carboxyphenylsubstituenten erreicht werden, da die Entstehung einer\nfarblosen Pseudobase verhindert wird. Es wurden außerdem Amidopyryliumfarbstoffe mit\nkoppelbaren Carboxylgruppen dargestellt, die als Fluoreszenzsonde eingesetzt werden\nkönnen.
ChemInform Abstract: On the Constitution of the Al—Co—Fe Alloy System (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
10–15 nm Ultrashallow Junction Formation by Flash-Lamp Annealing (2002)

Flash-lamp annealing (FLA) technology, a new method of activating implanted impurities, is proposed. FLA is able to reduce the time of the heating cycle to within the millisecond range. With this technology, an abrupt profile is realized, with a dopant concentration that can exceed the maximum carrier concentration obtained by conventional rapid thermal annealing (RTA) or furnace annealing. In contrast to a laser annealing method, FLA can activate dopants in an 8-inch-diameter substrate and, simultaneously, strictly control diffusion of dopants so as not to melt the substrate surface by radiation. FLA presents the possibility of fabricating sub-0.1-µm MOSFETs with good characteristics.
Measurement and modeling of the sensitivity of LC-VCO's to substrate noise perturbations (2007)

On-chip oscillators are very sensitive to substrate perturbations. Both low-frequency and high-frequency distortions can ruin the required spectral purity of the oscillator. This paper presents the measurement and modeling results of the sensitivity of a 900MHz LC-Voltage Controlled Oscillator (LC-VCO) to substrate perturbations in a frequency range from DC to 900MHz. Accurate measurement of the sensitivity require various measurement setups to investigate different impact phenomena. These measurements implies spectral analysis, linear vectorial network analyzer measurements and time domain measurements. The impact of substrate noise is modeled in a high Ohmic 0.18μm 1P6M CMOS technology. Below 10MHz, the impact is dominated by the on-chip resistance of the VCO ground. Above 10MHz, the bond wires, parasitics of the on-chip inductor and the off-chip decoupling capacitors determine the sensitivity to substrate perturbations.
Automated Guided Vehicle Bumper Test Method Development (2015)

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is developing test methods for contact bumpers used on Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) as a basis for safety standards.This paper describes proposed test methods, force measurements for contact bumpers, and the associated impact force theory.The results of this study are provided as reference to the AGV industry as a possible resolution for currently non-existent AGV contact bumper test methods safety standards.
The association of potentially inappropriate medications, polypharmacy and anticholinergic burden with readmission and emergency room revisit after discharge: A hospital‐based retrospective cohort study (2022)

PIMs, polypharmacy and anticholinergic burden are common at discharge and correlate with future use of healthcare services. In older patients, the absence of dementia, advanced age and frailty should be given extra consideration with regard to medication safety.
Understanding the role of seeds in reactive magnesia cement (RMC) formulations (2023)

Abstract Nucleation effects of seeds in reactive magnesia cement (RMC) systems have been reported, but this process has never been directly observed. In this study, different types and contents of seeds were introduced in RMC formulations. Results show that seeded RMC samples revealed accelerated hydration/carbonation that led to their more rapid strength development, and the use of magnesite outperformed other seeds given their overall performances, as explained by their more homogenous microstructures. Further, in the model solution, the amount of Mg2+ ions adsorbed onto seeds particles continuously increased with the increment of Mg2+ concentrations, confirming the nucleation effects of seeds in RMC formulations directly, and seeds surfaces revealed a much higher affinity for Mg2+ ions than other ions due to their acid‐base interactions. Therefore, the use of seeds could act as accelerators that shorten the curing period of RMC‐based concrete products on a large scale.
Best Multiple Spanning Tree in Metro Ethernet Networks (2009)

Current Ethernet networks rely on IEEE Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), which provides a loop-free connectivity across various network nodes. STP does this task by reducing the topology of a switched network to a tree topology where redundant links are pruned. In STP, all customers need to use the same spanning tree and there isn't any traffic engineering mechanism for load balancing. Currently, one of the main approaches to address this issue is IEEE Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP), in which, a spanning tree instance is run separately for each Virtual LAN (or group of Virtual LANs). This standard does not provide any generic method to select the spanning trees and to map the VLANs to the spanning tree. This paper presents a scheme for MSTP that considers all of the possible Edge-disjoint spanning trees and all of the possible VLANs grouping and finds the best solution based on load balancing on links and switches. Actually, we define three major criterions: load balancing over links, load balancing on switches and shortest path selection. We can weight the importance of each criterion based on our goal.