gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stromal cells from term fetal membrane are highly suppressive in allogeneic settings in vitro (2011)

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) have immunosuppressive properties and have been used to treat steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in stem cell transplant patients. Cells with similar capacities can also be found in term placental tissue. We have isolated stromal cells from term fetal membrane (FMSCs), umbilical cords (UCSCs) and placental villi (PVSCs) as well as from bone marrow and compared their immunoregulatory capacity in allogeneic settings. We found that FMSCs and UCSCs suppressed proliferation significantly in mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLRs), whereas PVSCs showed inconsistent suppressive effects. When added to MLR cultures, FMSCs suppressed the production of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-17, whereas UCSCs and PVSCs promoted the production of IL-17 instead. Secretion of IL-10 was increased after addition of FMSCs and UCSCs. In this setting, BM-MSCs had no significant effect on secretion of IFN-γ, IL-17 or IL-10 in MLR cultures. When analysing the expression of adhesion markers, we noted that FMSCs expressed the highest levels of CD29 (β1), CD49d (α4) and CD54 (ICAM-1) compared to the other types of stromal cells. Thus, our data indicate that stromal cells isolated from term fetal membrane have great immunosuppressive capacity in terms of proliferation and production of proinflammatory cytokines from alloreactive T cells, and also promote anti-inflammatory IL-10. They express high levels of integrins that may be of importance in homing to inflamed tissues. Fetal membrane may provide a valuable source of cells with immunosuppressive properties and could possibly be used for treatment of acute GVHD and other inflammatory disorders.
Photoinduced Disaccommodation Spectrum in Ca(0.001 mol)-doped Yttrium Iron Garnet (1999)

A remarkable photoinduced disaccommodation (DA) of magnetic permeability μ is observed in yttrium iron garnet (YIG) single crystal with very low contents of Ca: these double peaks of DA are around 125 K(0.46eV) and 200 K (0.60 eV) with correlative onset of the irreversible decrease of real part of permeability μ'_ insensitive to demagnetization at lower temperature than 250K. In addition, we observed the lowest temperature peak of DA is strongly frequency dependent and at 1 kHz it is cancelled by the accommodation (A) phenomenon. For these observations, we propose that the pinning center may be due to a photoinduced structure change around oxygen defects.
The development of virtual reality therapy (VRT) system for the treatment of acrophobia and therapeutic case (2002)

Virtual reality therapy (VRT), based on this sophisticated technology, has been recently used in the treatment of subjects diagnosed with acrophobia, a disorder that is characterized by marked anxiety upon exposure to heights and avoidance of heights. Conventional VR systems for the treatment of acrophobia have limitations, over-costly devices or somewhat unrealistic graphic scenes. The goal of this study was to develop an inexpensive and more realistic virtual environment (VE) in which to perform exposure therapy for acrophobia. It is based on a personal computer, and a virtual scene of a bunge-jump tower in the middle of a large city. The virtual scenario includes an open lift surrounded by props beside a tower, which allows the patient to feel a sense of heights. The effectiveness of the VE was evaluated through the clinical treatment of a subject who was suffering from the fear of heights. As a result, it was proved that this VR environment was effective and realistic at overcoming acrophobia according not only to the comparison results of a variety of questionnaires before and after treatment but also to the subject's comments that the VE seemed to evoke more fearful feelings than the real situation.
Deep Learning for the selection of the best modular robots self-reconfiguration algorithm (2022)

Modular Robots Self Reconfiguration (MRSR) is one of the most challenging problems in nowadays robotics field. This problem consists in the determination of how a set of identical modular robots, with local knowledge of the system and limited energy and computational capacities, can reorganize themselves into a target topology or shape. MRSR has received great attention from the research community. Therefore, a lot of centralized and decentralized algorithms were designed to answer this problem. Unfortunately, the analysis of why and when an algorithm is better than another is less studied. In this paper, we proposed a hybrid centralized/distributed modular robots reconfiguration approach. In this approach, a convolution neural network system is used to estimate the most adapted distributed reconfiguration algorithm according to the initial shape formed by the modular robots and the target shape. Two distributed algorithms are studied: C2SR and TBSR. The designed CNN model allows determining which option is the best for a given reconfiguration problem: use of the C2SR algorithm, use of the TBSR algorithm, or both algorithms are equivalent. The obtained results show that the ML tool succeeds 97.25% of the time to determine the suitable algorithm based on the initial and the final shapes. In addition, the system can be extended to any number of algorithms. Our contribution is the production of a neural network built for the selection of the best modular robots self-reconfiguration algorithm.
Secured Voting Using Blockchain (2020)

Democratic elections are the building blocks of a Democracy. In India elections play a huge role in deciding the government. But, during the years, the people are losing their hope in the elections conducted due to many allegations of bribery, identity theft in voting, repeated votes, false votes and many others. There is a need for establishing a highly secure election system to protect the integrity of the elections. A blockchain based voting system using multichain platform can address this problem and provide a highly secure voting system. At the same time, it also allows voters the ability to vote directly from their homes with an access to a PC. The blockchain technology is computationally secure and cannot be easily tampered with. With today's systems, successfully hacking a blockchain network is near impossible. This system makes the election process very simple and robust while at the same time saving a lot of resources. There is however an overhead of time associated with blockchain transactions. But that is a small price for a highly secure voting system.
Characterization of tumor dose heterogeneity for 90Y microsphere therapies using voxel- based dosimetry (2014)

Purpose: Dosimetry for 90Y microsphere therapies (YMT) with Standard (SM) and Partition (PM) models provide only uniform dose estimates to tumor and liver. Our objective is to calculate tumor dose heterogeneity, known to effect response, using voxel-based dosimetry and investigate the limitations of SM and PM. Methods : Voxel-based dosimetry was performed on 17 YMT patients using Monte Carlo DOSXYZnrc. 90Y activity and tissue/density distributions were based on quantitative 90Y bremsstrahlung SPECT/CT. Tumors (n=31), liver, and treatment lobe/segments were segmented on diagnostic CT or MR. Dose volume histograms (DVH) were created for tumors and normal liver. Bland-Altman analysis compared voxel-based mean absorbed doses to tumor and liver with SM and PM. Tumor and normal liver absorbed dose heterogeneity were investigated through metrics: integral uniformity (IU), D10/D90, COV. Correlations of heterogeneity with voxel-based mean doses and volumes were evaluated. Results: Heterogeneity metrics (mean ± 1σ) for tumor dose were COV = 0.48 ± 0.28, D10/D90 = 4.7 ± 3.9, and IU = 0.8 ± 0.18. Heterogeneity metrics correlated with tumor volume (r &gt; 0.58) but not tumor mean doses (r &lt; 0.20). Voxel-based tumor mean doses correlated with PM (r = 0.84) but not SM (r = 0.08). Both yielded poor limits of agreement with of 83 ± 174 and -28 ± 181 Gy, respectively. Normal liver heterogeneity metrics (mean ± 1σ) were COV = 0.83 ± 0.29, D10/D90 = 12 ± 15, and IU = 0.97 ± 0.03. Only D10/D90 (r = 0.49) correlated with mean normal liver absorbed dose. Voxel-based normal liver/lobe mean doses correlated with PM (r = 0.96), but had poor limits of agreement (26 ± 29 Gy). Conclusion : Tumor doses have high levels of heterogeneity that increase with volume but are independent of dose. Voxel-based DVH and dose heterogeneity metrics will promote accurate characterization of tumor response following YMT. -------------------------------------- Cite this article as: Mikell J, Mourtada F, Mahvash A, Kappadath SC. Characterization of tumor dose heterogeneity for 90Y microsphere therapies using voxel- based dosimetry. Int J Cancer Ther Oncol 2014; 2(2):020228. DOI: 10.14319/ijcto.0202.28
Antifungal activity of Bacillus coagulans against Fusarium sp. (2002)

The antifungal activity of Bacillus coagulans against three pathogenic species of Fusarium was examined. Fungal growth was determined by colony forming units, dry matter and ergosterol level. Biosynthesis of Fusarium mycotoxins was also investigated. The strongest inhibition of fungal growth was noticed when Bacillus coagulans was co-inoculated at the beginning of culture. Estimation of ergosterol level as a determinant of fungal growth showed the greatest degree of Fusarium sp. inhibition. Addition of Bacillus coagulans to Fusarium culmorum culture inhibits the DON (deoxynivalenol) production.
Determination of Fat in Olestra-Containing Savory Snack Products by Capillary Gas Chromatography (1998)

A quantitative method to determine fat in olestra-containing savory snack products was validated within the AOAC Peer-Verified Methods Program. The method may be used to demonstrate compliance with the guidelines of the U.S. Nutrition Labeling and Education Act for labeling products as "fat free" or "low fat." The method can measure total and saturated fat in savory snacks when present at levels of 0.2-10 g total fat and 0.1-3 g saturated fat per 30 g serving. The method is standardized to measure C6-C24 fatty acids. Extraction of olestra-containing savory snack samples with chloroform-methanol (modified AOAC Official Method 983.23) yields a lipid extract containing the total fat and olestra. The extracted lipid is hydrolyzed by lipase, yielding fatty acids and unreacted olestra. The fatty acids are precipitated as calcium soaps. Olestra is extracted from insoluble soaps with hexane and then discarded. The isolated soaps are converted back into fatty acids with hydrochloric acid and extracted with hexane. The isolated fatty acids are converted to methyl esters with boron trifluoride-methanol and quantitated by capillary gas chromatography using internal standard. Test samples were prepared by blending olestra-containing and full-fat (triglyceride) snacks to obtain 6 levels of spiking (0-10 g total fat added/30 g serving) in potato chips, potato crisps, cheese puffs, and nacho cheese-flavored corn chips. Results were linear (r2 > 0.997) between 0 and 10 g fat/30 g serving for each product matrix. Mean recovery was 101 +/- 6% standard deviation (SD) for total fat and 104 +/- 6% SD for saturated fat. Mean recovery by peer laboratory was 88 +/- 5% SD for total fat and 95 +/- 4% SD for saturated fat in potato chips (0-3 g total fat added/30 g serving). Two sets of 10 replicates of potato chips (0.5 g total fat/30 g serving and 0.16 g saturated fat/30 g serving) and potato crisps (0.5 g total fat/30 g serving and 0.16 g saturated fat/30 g serving) were analyzed by submitting and peer laboratories. Repeatability relative standard deviations ranged from 3.90 to 7.33% for total fat and from 4.01 to 11.53% for saturated fat. Reproducibility relative standard deviations were 7.33% (total fat, potato chips), 7.15% (total fat, potato crisps), 11.36% (saturated fat, potato chips), and 13.50% (saturated fat, potato crisps).
IRRODL Volume 3, Number 2 (2002)

This paper describes and quantifies the role of group facilitation in an experiential, realtime, online, university level credit course entitled eAHSC/ 230 Interpersonal Communications and Relations. A new and unique group interaction pattern called parallel communication, as well as classical elements of group interaction are described and quantified. New measures of online group facilitation attributes with analogous faceto-face (F2F) counterparts are presented. Specifically, the impact of effective group facilitation on Attentiveness, on Interaction, on Involvement, and on Participation is explored. The paper also examines the eClassroom's potential effectiveness as a real time teaching and training laboratory which also functions as a process observation tool that collects and feeds back interaction data, providing teachers and trainers immediate and ongoing measures of facilitation effectiveness.
Performance enhancement of perovskite solar cells with Mg-doped TiO2 compact film as the hole-blocking layer (2015)

In this letter, we report perovskite solar cells with thin dense Mg-doped TiO2 as hole-blocking layers (HBLs), which outperform cells using TiO2 HBLs in several ways: higher open-circuit voltage (Voc) (1.08 V), power conversion efficiency (12.28%), short-circuit current, and fill factor. These properties improvements are attributed to the better properties of Mg-modulated TiO2 as compared to TiO2 such as better optical transmission properties, upshifted conduction band minimum (CBM) and downshifted valence band maximum (VBM), better hole-blocking effect, and higher electron life time. The higher-lying CBM due to the modulation with wider band gap MgO and the formation of magnesium oxide and magnesium hydroxides together resulted in an increment of Voc. In addition, the Mg-modulated TiO2 with lower VBM played a better role in the hole-blocking. The HBL with modulated band position provided better electron transport and hole blocking effects within the device.
Unsolved problems in search (2008)

Search applications have become ubiquitous and very successful. Major advances have been made in understanding how to deliver effective results very efficiently for a class of queries. As the range of applications broaden to include web search, desktop search, enterprise search, vertical search, social search, etc., the number of new research challenges has appeared to grow rather than shrink. Many of these challenges are variations on underlying themes and principles that information retrieval has focused on for more than 40 years. In this talk, several unsolved problems arising from new search applications will be discussed and some potential paths to solutions for these problems will be outlined.
Optimizing Rotor Speed and Geometry for an Externally Mounted HTS Dynamo (2019)

High-temperature superconductor (HTS) dynamos provide a means of wirelessly exciting dc currents in HTS coils. By eliminating the need to connect a coil to a room-temperature power supply, an HTS dynamo of comparable performance would present significant improvements to the cost, complexity, and efficiency of HTS-based electromagnetic machines. But due to the lack of a predictive model, development of HTS dynamos must be carried out through empirical investigation. In this paper, we examine the effects of varying either the rotor speed or the number of magnets arranged symmetrically upon the rotor. Both approaches affect the frequency at which magnets cross the HTS stator wire. Here we present experimental results from an axial-flux HTS dynamo, employing an externally mounted rotor carrying m permanent magnets, where 2 ≤ m ≤ 9. We find that the open-circuit dc voltage, short-circuit dc current, and internal dc resistance are all determined solely by the magnet-crossing frequency, regardless of the number of rotor magnets and speed employed to achieve this frequency. For a fixed speed, all three parameters are found to be proportional to m across the full range of conditions studied in this work. However, for a fixed number of rotor magnets, we observe that the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current both exhibit a similar sublinear dependence on rotor speed. Examination of the transient voltage waveform reveals that this nonlinearity is likely due to a periodic transient heat pulse absorbed by the stator wire each time the magnet traverses it at high speed.
Roomba is not a Robot; AIBO is still Alive! Anthropomorphic Language in Online Forums (2011)

Anthropomorphism describes peopleâs tendency to ascribe humanlike qualities to non-human artifacts, such as robots. We investigated anthropomorphic language in 750 posts of online forums about the Roomba robotic vacuum cleaner, the AIBO robotic dog and the iPad tablet computer. Results of this content analysis suggest a significant difference for anthropomorphic language usage among the three technologies. In contrast to Roomba and iPad, the specific characteristics of the robotic dog enhanced a more social interaction and lead people to use considerably more anthropomorphic language.
Improved and Large Area Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Forest Growth by Controlling the Gas Flow Direction (2009)

A gas shower system was introduced to improve the growth of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) forests by controlling the gas flow direction. Delivery of gases from the top of the forest enabled direct and precise supply of ethylene and water vapor to the Fe catalysts. As such, this approach solved one of the limiting factors of water-assisted chemical vapor deposition method (CVD), that is, delivery of the very small optimum water level to the catalysts. Consequently, this approach improved SWNT forests growth stability, uniformity, reproducibility, carbon efficiency (32%), and catalyst lifetime. With this improved growth, we could synthesize a 1 cm tall forest with 1 x 1 cm size. Also we employed this approach to grow an A4 size SWNT forest to highlight the scalability of water-assisted CVD.
Brown adipose tissue uncoupling protein in infants and children (1986)

Conference Article| April 01 1986 Brown adipose tissue uncoupling protein in infants and children MICHAEL E. J. LEAN; MICHAEL E. J. LEAN * Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar W. PHILIP T. JAMES; W. PHILIP T. JAMES † Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar GRAHAM JENNINGS; GRAHAM JENNINGS 1Dunn Nutrition Laboratory, Medical Research Council and University of Cambridge, Downhams Lane, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 1XJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar PAUL TRAYHURN PAUL TRAYHURN 1Dunn Nutrition Laboratory, Medical Research Council and University of Cambridge, Downhams Lane, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 1XJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1986) 14 (2): 288–289. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0140288 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation MICHAEL E. J. LEAN, W. PHILIP T. JAMES, GRAHAM JENNINGS, PAUL TRAYHURN; Brown adipose tissue uncoupling protein in infants and children. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1986; 14 (2): 288–289. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0140288 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1986 Biochemical Society1986 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
A Smart Cable Offering Selective and Distributed Antenna Radiation Using RF Switches and Non-Conventional Hybrid Couplers (2018)

A smart cable system and its elements for selective communications and sensor-based data collection within corridors, subways, and tunnels are proposed with applications to the aeronautical, transportation, and space sectors. The main hardware components of the cable system are defined by active and programmable radio-frequency (RF) switches that can enable controlled radiation at specific nodes or hotspots. More importantly, our proposed cable concept provides an evolution from the conventional coaxial cable with distributed antennas, as well as the classic leaky feeder cable, which is typically employed for communications within corridors and mines. Moreover, the proposed smart cable moves toward a hybrid wireless node and programmable system for selective coverage. Planar circuits and low-profile RF electronic components are employed for a low-cost implementation. In this communication, our focus is on the assessment of the proposed smart cable system, its radiating nodes (RNs), as well as the estimation of the system performance based on the measurements of the RN prototypes. Wireless networks, RFID sensors, and power transmission systems can be additional applications for the proposed smart cable. System performance estimations for a real corridor satisfy typical RFID sensitivity requirements with received power levels between -39 and -46 dBm in the worst case.
Effects of Tick Control by Acaricide Self-Treatment of White-Tailed Deer on Host-Seeking Tick Infection Prevalence and Entomologic Risk for Ixodes scapularis -Borne Pathogens (2009)

We evaluated the effects of tick control by acaricide self-treatment of white-tailed deer on the infection prevalence and entomologic risk for three Ixodes scapularis-borne bacteria in host-seeking ticks. Ticks were collected from vegetation in areas treated with the "4-Poster" device and from control areas over a 6-year period in five geographically diverse study locations in the Northeastern United States and tested for infection with two known agents of human disease, Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and for a novel relapsing fever-group spirochete related to Borrelia miyamotoi. Overall, 38.2% of adults and 12.5% of nymphs were infected with B. burgdorferi; 8.5% of adults and 4.2% of nymphs were infected with A. phagocytophilum; and 1.9% of adults and 0.8% of nymphs were infected with B. miyamotoi. In most cases, treatment with the 4-Poster device was not associated with changes in the prevalence of infection with any of these three microorganisms among nymphal or adult ticks. However, the density of nymphs infected with B. burgdorferi, and consequently the entomologic risk for Lyme disease, was reduced overall by 68% in treated areas compared to control areas among the five study sites at the end of the study. The frequency of bacterial coinfections in ticks was generally equal to the product of the proportion of ticks infected with a single bacterium, indicating that enzootic maintenance of these pathogens is independent. We conclude that controlling ticks on deer by self-application of acaricide results in an overall decrease in the human risk for exposure to these three bacterial agents, which is due solely to a reduction in tick density.