gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing Surgical Guidance for Placement of Dental Implants: Case Report (2007)

Dental implant rehabilitation faces increasing prosthetic and esthetic demands, requiring precise surgical planning and placement. Presurgical treatment evaluation can now be accomplished using 3-dimensional computed tomography imaging. Although software has been developed to assist in implant selection and localization, transferring this information to the surgical field has remained a difficult task. Over the last few years, computer-aided design and manufacturing have made it possible to use data from computed tomography in order to transfer virtual implant placement to the surgery. One of these techniques utilizes a small computer-driven drilling mechanism that transfers implant planning on a laboratory model. This novel approach may be advantageous once available in dental laboratories and/or offices. This report presents the method and, for the first time, illustrates it with a fully edentulous advanced clinical case. Resulting clinical benefits over traditional procedures are discussed.
Picogram Mass Sensor Using Resonance Frequency Shift of Cantilever (2004)

A microsensor with a picogram mass sensitivity has been researched using the resonance frequency shift of an atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilever. The mass change of the water molecules adsorbed on the cantilever was measured by analyzing the resonance frequency shift using a laser beam deflection detection system. As experimental results, a sensitivity of about 2 pg/Hz was obtained. The mass change due to increasing humidity showed that the mechanism of water molecular growth changed from an island growth to a layer growth. The critical point of the mechanism change was a humidity of about 60%. The adsorbed mass corresponds to a water layer of about 12 monolayers.
High Precision Beam Diagnostics for Ion Thrusters (2011)

The Thales diagnostic equipment for ion beam characterization consists of a gridded and single orifice retarding potential analyzer (RPA) and an energy selective mass spectrometer (ESMS). During the development phase of these sensors considerable effort was put into the removal of ion optical effects as well as to ensure equal ion transmission ratios for low and high energetic ions for both devices. To this end simulation software was used to look into the trajectories of ions from a wide range of potential energy, angle of incidence and charge state. The simulations verified effects due to RPA grid misalignment and were the foundation for the development of a single orifice RPA and the adaptation of the ESMS. Experimental testing verified the improved performance of the sensory equipment due to ion trajectory simulation.
COMPORTAMIENTO DE HORMIGONES ELABORADOS CON DIFERENTES ÁRIDOS DE LOS ALREDEDORES DE MEDELLÍN (2007)

Se presentan las comparaciones en resistencia a compresión a edades de 3, 7, 28 y 101 días (según NTC-673); durabilidad y análisis petrográficos entre hormigones de 28 MPa de diseño, hechos con cemento Pórtland tipo I y áridos de cinco canteras diferentes de los alrededores de Medellín (rocas ígneas, metamórficas y depósitos\naluviales). Los resultados de resistencia a 28 días mostraron que los valores más altos se obtuvieron con áridos de roca ígnea, haciéndose evidente, para este estudio, la influencia de la resistencia, rigidez y dureza del tipo de roca en las propiedades del hormigón.\nLa evaluación de durabilidad fue hecha comparando los testigos de hormigón elaborados con los materiales de cada cantera después de 28 días de curados. Encontrándose que los testigos elaborados con áridos de CC presentaron mejor estabilidad ante los agentes químicos, aún en concentraciones mayores, que los otros tipos de rocas.\nEl análisis petrográfico se hizo mediante el microscopio óptico de luz polarizada y SEM, sobre pulidos hechos de trozos de cilindros fallados a compresión a los 28 días, para comparar la relación entre la pasta de cemento, el árido grueso y el árido fino. Se encontró que las muestras con menores resistencias presentaron mayor cantidad de poros en la pasta y reacciones entre la pasta y los áridos.
Compact merons and skyrmions in thin chiral magnetic films (2011)

A meron is a controversial topological excitation because it carries just one-half of the skyrmion number. A vortex in thin magnetic films has been argued to be a half-skyrmion, i.e., a meron. We present another type of merons, investigating the two-dimensional nonlinear sigma model together with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Here, the vortex number of a meron is zero. Basic topological excitations are merons and skyrmions. They behave as if they were free particles. A prominent feature is that the topological charge density is strictly confined within compact domains. We propose an analytic approach for these compact excitations, and construct a phase diagram. It is comprised of the helix, meron, skyrmion-crystal, skyrmion-gas, and ferromagnet phases. It captures the essential nature of the experimental data recently performed in chiral magnets such as MnSi and FeCoSi thin films.
Virtual Appliance Content Distribution for a Global Infrastructure Cloud Service (2010)

Cloud Computing in general and Virtualized Infrastructure Provisioning in particular, are significant trends with the potential to increase agility and lower costs of IT. An emerging cloud service is a virtual server shop, that allows cloud customers to order virtual appliances to be delivered virtually on the cloud. Like physical shops, customers want to customize the ordered products, e.g., have them pre-installed with their desired applications and pre-configured. Global cloud providers need to create customized virtual-server disk images and deliver them on time to meet the customer reservations and service level. This framework creates a new flavor of content distribution over the web, where large virtual server images need to be delivered to the target compute farms (either on the global cloud or on customer private clouds). In order to reduce provisioning time and meet reservation deadlines, one approach is to stage images on storage near the customer. This introduces an optimization problem of finding an optimal staging schedule, according to network bandwidth, pending reservations schedule, and customer value. This problem has some similarities to cache pre-filling and production-line scheduling. It combines scheduling, bandwidth considerations, and storage capacity constraints. In this paper we study the fundamental properties of this approach and formalize several flavors of the related optimization problem. We prove useful properties of the problem and then use those properties to provide exact efficient algorithms to solve it. We also derive efficient approximate solutions with proven error bounds.
Structure and Oxidation Resistance of Mo-Y-Zr-Si-B Coatings Deposited by DCMS and HIPIMS Methods Using Mosaic Targets (2023)

In this study, Mo-(Y,Zr)-Si-B coatings were obtained by direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS) and high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS) using mosaic targets. The results showed that the addition of Y and Zr into the composition of Mo-Si-B coatings led to the suppression of columnar grain growth, a decrease in the crystallite size of h-MoSi2 phase from ~50 to ~5 nm, and an increase in the amorphous to crystalline phases ratio Doping of the Mo-Si-B coating with Y and Zr promoted an increase in oxidation resistance at a temperature of 1000 °C. The introduction of yttrium into the composition of Mo-Si-B contributed to an increase in their crack resistance when heated to 1300 °C. High oxidation resistance of the coatings was provided by a defect-free SiO2 + MoO3 + Y2O3 surface layer. The transition from the DCMS mode to HIPIMS decreased the texture of the Mo-Si-B coatings. The use of an HIPIMS mode led to a decrease in the oxidation rate of Mo-(Y)-Si-B coatings at T = 1000 °C by 1.6–4.5 times compared to DCMS. In the case of Mo-Y-Si-B coatings, the use of HIPIMS led to a decrease of more than 50% in the thickness of the oxide layer at a temperature of 1300 °C.
A Geochemical Approach for Monitoring a CO2 Pilot Site (2011)

This work presents the geochemical characterization of various gas end-members involved in a depleted gas field CO2 storage pilot (Rousse). In this pilot, CO2 is produced by oxycombustion from natural gas transformed into fuel gas and transported to the d
A scalable architecture for fair leaky-bucket shaping (2002)

This paper presents a shaper architecture that scales to a large number of connections with diverse burstiness and bandwidth parameters. The architecture arbitrates fairly between connections with conforming cells by carefully integrating leaky-bucket traffic shaping with rate-based scheduling algorithms. Through a careful combination of per-connection queueing and approximate sorting, the shaper performs a small, bounded number of operations in response to each arrival and departure, independent of the number of connections and cells. To handle a wider range of rate parameters, a hierarchical arbitration scheme can reduce the implementation overheads and the interference between competing connections. Simulation experiments demonstrate that the architecture limits shaping delay and traffic distortions, even under heavy congestion.
Mucosal immunity in HIV infection (2014)

Several novel therapeutic approaches to reduce intestinal inflammation and mitigate microbial translocation may hold promise for restoring gastrointestinal health and thereby increasing the efficacy of immune reconstitution in HIV-infected patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy.
Impact of Subsystem Reliability on Satellite Revenue Generation and Present Value (2005)

A new framework is developed that analytically links an engineering concept, a system's reliability, with both managerial and financial concepts, the system's revenue generation capability, and its present value. A communications satellite is used as an example to illustrate the use and insights that can be generated from this framework. For instance, after the development of a revenue model for a communications satellite, the cost of unreliability was quantified: the present value penalty for the lack of 100% payload reliability. Next, the value of redundancy was also analytically captured: the satellite incremental present value provided by payload redundancy. The central finding is that present value calculations of a technical revenue-generating system, in this instance, a communications satellite, that do not account for system's reliability overestimate the system's present value and, thus, can lead to flawed investment decisions. Finally, when sensitivity analysis is performed on the various drivers of the satellite present value, it was found, against conventional wisdom, that redundancy in communications satellite payload is overrated; in other words, that increasing payload redundancy provides limited incremental value to the spacecraft.
Minorations de sommes de valeurs propres d'un domaine et conjecture de Polya (1985)

spectrale et gomtrie implique l'accord avec les conditions gnrales d'utilisation (http://www.numdam.org/conditions).
Effects of insulin glulisine as mono‐ or add‐on therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (2009)

Both glulisine + OAD and glulisine monotherapy were well tolerated and effective for Japanese and Korean patients with T2DM mellitus inadequately controlled by OAD therapy alone.
Bubble formation and transport in T-junction for application to Liquid Composite Molding: Wetting effect (2012)

The aim of this work is to underline the influence of the wetting behavior on bubble formation and transport during the impregnation of fibrous preforms for Liquid Composite Molding processes. The void prediction within the elaboration of composite material sparks off interest because it represents a significant issue to keep the expected mechanical properties of the final product. Voids or bubbles are mainly formed due to the resin flow competition inside and outside the tows. However, the experimental characterization of void formation and transport during the flow inside fibrous media remains delicate. Since the direct visualization of the liquid flow and the entrapped bubbles in a practical material is uneasy, we used model networks to study the formation of bubbles and their transport. Thus, our experimental study deals with a simple configuration of connected pores: two capillaries converging at a node perpendicularly (T-junction). We emphasized on microfluidic and millifluidic approaches where the wetting is significant during bubble formation mechanisms. For the same flow conditions, the experimental results reveal that the bubble lengths are higher for partially wetting liquids than for completely wetting ones. In a wetting case, it was demonstrated that the lubrication hypothesis can be a good approximation to describe the bubble transport in fibrous media.
SKK4, a novel activator of stress‐activated protein kinase‐1 (SAPK1/JNK) (1997)

A cDNA was cloned and expressed that encodes human stress-activated protein kinase kinase-4 (SKK4), a novel MAP kinase kinase family member whose mRNA is widely expressed in human tissues. SKK4 activated SAPK1/JNK in vitro, but not SAPK2a/p38, SAPK2b/p38beta, SAPK3/ERK6 or SAPK4. It appears to be the mammalian homologue of HEP, an activator of SAPK1/JNK in Drosophila. In human epithelial KB cells SKK4 and SKK1/MKK4 (another activator of SAPK1/JNK) were both activated by stressful stimuli, but only SKK4 was activated by proinflammatory cytokines. The identification of SKK4 explains why the major SAPK1/JNK activator detected in many mammalian cell extracts is chromatographically separable from SKK1/MKK4.
RPC chains: efficient client-server communication in geodistributed systems (2009)

We propose RPC chains, a simple but powerful communication primitive that allows an application to lessen the performance effects of wide-area links on enterprise and data center applications that span multiple sites. This primitive chains together multiple RPC invocations so that the computation can flow from one server to the next without involving the client every time. We demonstrate that RPC chains can significantly reduce end-to-end latency and network bandwidth in a storage application and a web application. 1
The SPPD-WRF Framework: A Novel and Holistic Methodology for Strategical Planning and Process Design of Water Resource Factories (2020)

This paper guides decision making in more sustainable urban water management practices that feed into a circular economy by presenting a novel framework for conceptually designing and strategically planning wastewater treatment processes from a resource recovery perspective. Municipal wastewater cannot any longer be perceived as waste stream because a great variety of technologies are available to recover water, energy, fertilizer, and other valuable products from it. Despite the vast technological recovery possibilities, only a few processes have yet been implemented that deserve the name water resource factory instead of wastewater treatment plant. This transition relies on process designs that are not only technically feasible but also overcome various non-technical bottlenecks. A multidimensional and multidisciplinary approach is needed to design water resource factories (WRFs) in the future that are technically feasible, cost effective, show low environmental impacts, and successfully market recovered resources. To achieve that, the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) design space needs to be opened up for a variety of expertise that complements the traditional wastewater engineering domain. Implementable WRF processes can only be designed if the current design perspective, which is dominated by the fulfilment of legal effluent qualities and process costs, is extended to include resource recovery as an assessable design objective from an early stage on. Therefore, the framework combines insights and methodologies from different fields and disciplines beyond WWTP design like, e.g., circular economy, industrial process engineering, project management, value chain development, and environmental impact assessment. It supports the transfer of the end-of-waste concept into the wastewater sector as it structures possible resource recovery activities according to clear criteria. This makes recovered resources more likely to fulfil the conditions of the end-of-waste concept and allows the change in their definition from wastes to full-fledged products.
Anticipating rotavirus vaccines: review of epidemiologic studies of rotavirus diarrhea (1998)

Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in children worldwide, and vaccines currently being field-tested could be available for childhood immunization in several years. To assess the rotavirus disease burden in Argentina and the value of future national surveillance for the disease, we reviewed available data on rotavirus detections reported by published and unpublished studies conducted in nine Argentine cities and by a multicenter study. Data from these studies indicated that rotavirus was detected in 20% of 5 226 specimens (within a range of 6% to 54% for different studies) from children hospitalized for diarrhea and in 9% of 6 587 specimens (within a range of 5% to 22% for different studies) from children who were outpatients, members of mixed populations (hospitalized patients and outpatients), or survey subjects in community-based studies. The hospital data showed that while rotavirus was detected throughout the year, a peak occurred during the winter months (May‐July), when up to half of the children with diarrhea were found positive for rotavirus. Attempted serotyping of 294 rotavirus-positive specimens for G-protein by three laboratories was successful in 230 cases (78%); the resulting data indicated that serotype G1 was the most common (being present in 60% of the successfully serotyped specimens), followed by G2 (in 20%), G4 (in 14%), and G3 (in 5%). Based on national data for Argentina, we estimate that in 1991 there were roughly 84 500 rotavirus-associated outpatient visits (1 for every 8 births) and 21 000 hospitalizations averaging 4 days in length (1 for every 31 births), all of which entailed direct medical costs estimated at US$ 27.7 million. These preliminary data show that the rotavirus disease burden in Argentine children is extensive and could be decreased by a safe and effective vaccine. Further surveillance is needed to improve our understanding of the epidemiology and distribution of rotavirus strains in Argentina, to more accurately assess the cost-effectiveness of a rotavirus vaccine program, and to indicate what methods might best be used to monitor such a program’s impact.
Identity Verification of Ticket Holders at Large-scale Events Using Face Recognition (2017)

This paper proposes a system of verifying the identity of ticket holders at large-scale events using face recognition, which is called Ticket ID System. Such a system has been required to prevent illegal resale such as ticket scalping. Since illegal resale is a critical problem for popular events in Japan, strict steps are followed for verifying individuals holding tickets at event venues by human visual inspection with ID cards. This task is time consuming for venue attendants. It is also stressful because ticket holders feel uncomfortable when being kept waiting. The problem in verifying ticket holders is how to simultaneously verify identities efficiently and prevent individuals from impersonating others at a large-scale event in which tens of thousands of people participate. Ticket ID system makes it possible to secure the identity of the purchaser and holder of a ticket by using a face-recognition system developed for tablet terminals. Ticket ID System was proven effective for preventing illegal resale by verifying 50, 324 attendees at a large concert of a popular music group. The average accuracy of face recognition was 90%. The average time for identity verification was 7 seconds per person including guidance to ticket holders, which decreased identity-verification time by 30% compared to using only human visual inspection as well as reducing the psychological workload of venue attendants. Survey results obtained from the attendees showed that 94.6% felt it provided more equity in ticket purchasing than methods used before, 83% felt it provided added convenience in verification, and 93.8% felt it would effectively prevent illegal resale.
Theoretical Atomic Structure Data for Sn and Xe Ions (2006)

Excitation energies, transition rates and oscillator strengths for Sn and Xe ions have been calculated using multireference relativistic configuration interaction method based on the no-pair Dirac-Coulomb-Breit Hamiltonian.
A high-performance directly insertable self-aligned ultra-rad-hard and enhanced isolation field-oxide technology for gigahertz silicon NMOS/CMOS VLSI (1989)

The authors describe a novel field-oxide structure for rad-hard NMOS/CMOS VLSI. This is a three-layer structure consisting of a thin thermal oxide, a doped polysilicon sheet deposited on the thin oxide, and a thick CVD (chemical-vapor-deposited) oxide layer on the polysilicon. The small effective electrical thickness of the oxide combined with the ground potential of the polysilicon enhances the radiation hardness and maintains good isolation, even at radiation levels as high as 10/sup 8/ rads and above. For 100-A gate oxide, the subthreshold leakage of a MOSFET (MOS field effect transistor) with a field shield structure is less than 10/sup -13/ A/ mu m, and the off current is less than 10/sup -12/ A/ mu m, after a total dose of 100 Mrad. This structure is self-aligned and directly insertable into submicron NMOS/CMOS VLSI without any changes in the circuit design. The circuits made with this technology can operate at 2.5-3 GHz, even after a total dose of 50-100 Mrad.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Titanium tetrachloride-mediated Diels-Alder reactions of cyclopentadiene with di-l-menthyl methylenemalonate and its acetoxy derivative as new chiral dienophiles for asymmetric induction. (1988)

Asymmetric synthesis of [1S, 2S, 3R, 4R]-2, 3-dihydroxy-4-hydroxymethylcyclopent-1-ylmalonate (its racemic form is already known as a versatile building block for carbocyclic C-nucleosides) was achieved by Diels-Alder reaction of cyclopentadiene with di-l-menthyl acetoxymethylenemalonate, followed by retrograde aldol C-C bond fission under reductive conditions. Asymmetric induction in Diels-Alder reactions using the chiral dienophile and its nor-acetoxy derivative is discussed from a mechanistic viewpoint and a new concept for asymmetric induction is proposed.
End-to-end delays in polling tree networks (2009)

We consider a tree network of polling stations operating in discrete-time. Packets arrive from external sources to the network according to batch Bernoulli arrival processes. We assume that all nodes have a service discipline that is HoL-based. The class of HoL-based service disciplines contains for instance the Bernoulli and limited service disciplines, and hence also the classical exhaustive and 1-limited. We obtain an exact expression for the overall mean end-to-end delay, and an approximation for the mean end-to-end delay of packets per source. The study is motivated by Networks on Chips where multiple processors share a single memory.
Nonlinear Oscillations in Rectangular Tanks (1988)

A nonlinear, dispersive, dissipative model is developed to describe the fluid motion in a rectangular tank which is moved by an oscillatory and transient translational motion. A linear model for this motion is also presented. Experiments conducted indicate that for a continuous excitation at or near a resonant mode of oscillation, the linear theory becomes inadequate and the nonlinear, dispersive, dissipative theory must be used. For a transient excitation, the validity of the linear theory is found to depend on the magnitude of the Stokes parameter.