gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identifying the Minimal Enzymes Required for Anhydrotetracycline Biosynthesis (2008)

The cyclohexenone ring A of tetracyclines exhibits unique structural features not observed among other aromatic polyketides. These substitutions include the C2 primary amide, C4 dimethylamine, and the C12a tertiary alcohol. Here we report the identification and reconstitution of the minimum set of enzymes required for the biosynthesis of anhydrotetracycline (ATC, 5), the first intermediate in the tetracycline biosynthetic pathway that contains the fully functionalized ring A. Using a combination of in vivo and in vitro approaches, we confirmed OxyL, OxyQ, and OxyT to be the only enzymes required to convert 6-methylpretetramid 1 into 5. OxyL is a NADPH-dependent dioxygenase that introduces two oxygen atoms into 1 to yield the unstable intermediate 4-keto-ATC 2. The aminotransferase OxyQ catalyzes the reductive amination of C4-keto of 2, yielding 4-amino-ATC 3. Furthermore, the N, N-dimethyltransferase OxyT catalyzes the formation of 5 from 3 in a (S)-adenosylmethionine (SAM)-dependent manner. Finally, a "non-natural" anhydrotetracycline derivative was generated, demonstrating that our heterologous host/vector pair can be a useful platform toward the engineered biosynthesis of tetracycline analogues.
Effects of the On-Die Decoupling Capacitors on the EME Performance in 28 nm FD-SOI Technology (2019)

A dedicated test chip has been designed in order to support the study of the EMC performance, and more specifically the Conducted Emission, of a microcontroller family in M28 FDSOI technology. The focus in designing the test chip has been put on the on-die decoupling capacitors, in particular on the topology of the placement as well as the capacitance amount.
Universality of fold-encoded localized vibrations in enzymes (2019)

Enzymes speed up biochemical reactions at the core of life by as much as 15 orders of magnitude. Yet, despite considerable advances, the fine dynamical determinants at the microscopic level of their catalytic proficiency are still elusive. In this work, we use a powerful mathematical approach to show that rate-promoting vibrations in the picosecond range, specifically encoded in the 3D protein structure, are localized vibrations optimally coupled to the chemical reaction coordinates at the active site. Remarkably, our theory also exposes an hithertho unknown deep connection between the unique localization fingerprint and a distinct partition of the 3D fold into independent, foldspanning subdomains that govern long-range communication. The universality of these features is demonstrated on a pool of more than 900 enzyme structures, comprising a total of more than 10,000 experimentally annotated catalytic sites. Our theory provides a unified microscopic rationale for the subtle structure-dynamics-function link in proteins.
Downhole Tiltmeter Fracture Mapping: Finally Measuring Hydraulic Fracture Dimensions (1998)

Abstract This paper introduces a new fracture diagnostic technology that allows economic mapping of hydraulic fracture dimensions. The downhole tiltmeter fracture mapping technology requires the use of an offset wellbore(s) for running wireline-conveyed downhole tiltmeter arrays. For the first time, hydraulic fracture dimensions including growth during pumping can be measured at a relatively modest cost. In addition to providing fracture diagnostic data (fracture height, width and length), this new capability allows enhanced utilization of hydraulic fracture models because model predictions can be "calibrated" with in-situ observations of fracture growth. The concept is quite simple: creating a hydraulic fracture involves parting the rock and deforming the reservoir. Downhole tiltmeter mapping involves measuring the fracture-induced deformation in a nearby offset well(s) and solving the geophysical inverse problem to obtain the created fracture dimensions. The technology follows the same principles as surface tiltmeter mapping, but the different array geometry and placement make it very sensitive to fracture dimensions and less sensitive to fracture orientation - just the reverse of surface tiltmeter mapping. This paper will explain the fundamental concepts, the implementation strategy (wireline conveyed tiltmeter arrays, data acquisition, processing, and modeling), and three field case studies of measured hydraulic fracture growth.
How many steps/day are enough? for adults (2011)

Physical activity guidelines from around the world are typically expressed in terms of frequency, duration, and intensity parameters. Objective monitoring using pedometers and accelerometers offers a new opportunity to measure and communicate physical activity in terms of steps/day. Various step-based versions or translations of physical activity guidelines are emerging, reflecting public interest in such guidance. However, there appears to be a wide discrepancy in the exact values that are being communicated. It makes sense that step-based recommendations should be harmonious with existing evidence-based public health guidelines that recognize that "some physical activity is better than none" while maintaining a focus on time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Thus, the purpose of this review was to update our existing knowledge of "How many steps/day are enough?", and to inform step-based recommendations consistent with current physical activity guidelines. Normative data indicate that healthy adults typically take between 4,000 and 18,000 steps/day, and that 10,000 steps/day is reasonable for this population, although there are notable "low active populations." Interventions demonstrate incremental increases on the order of 2,000-2,500 steps/day. The results of seven different controlled studies demonstrate that there is a strong relationship between cadence and intensity. Further, despite some inter-individual variation, 100 steps/minute represents a reasonable floor value indicative of moderate intensity walking. Multiplying this cadence by 30 minutes (i.e., typical of a daily recommendation) produces a minimum of 3,000 steps that is best used as a heuristic (i.e., guiding) value, but these steps must be taken over and above habitual activity levels to be a true expression of free-living steps/day that also includes recommendations for minimal amounts of time in MVPA. Computed steps/day translations of time in MVPA that also include estimates of habitual activity levels equate to 7,100 to 11,000 steps/day. A direct estimate of minimal amounts of MVPA accumulated in the course of objectively monitored free-living behaviour is 7,000-8,000 steps/day. A scale that spans a wide range of incremental increases in steps/day and is congruent with public health recognition that "some physical activity is better than none," yet still incorporates step-based translations of recommended amounts of time in MVPA may be useful in research and practice. The full range of users (researchers to practitioners to the general public) of objective monitoring instruments that provide step-based outputs require good reference data and evidence-based recommendations to be able to design effective health messages congruent with public health physical activity guidelines, guide behaviour change, and ultimately measure, track, and interpret steps/day.
Blind identification and equalization based on second-order statistics: a time domain approach (1994)

A new blind channel identification and equalization method is proposed that exploits the cyclostationarity of oversampled communication signals to achieve identification and equalization of possibly nonminimum phase (multipath) channels without using training signals. Unlike most adaptive blind equalization methods for which the convergence properties are often problematic, the channel estimation algorithm proposed here is asymptotically ex-set. Moreover, since it is based on second-order statistics, the new approach may achieve equalization with fewer symbols than most techniques based only on higher-order statistics. Simulations have demonstrated promising performance of the proposed algorithm for the blind equalization of a three-ray multipath channel.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A rare variant route of the ulnar artery does not contraindicate the creation of a fistula in the wrist of a diabetic patient with end-stage renal disease (2011)

A superficial variant route of the ulnar artery is a rare variation of the arterial system of the wrist. The route of the arteries in that region is extremely important for patients with end-stage renal disease due to the necessity to create an arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis. It is thought that the vascular access is too often achieved by catheters or vascular prostheses because of that each possibility to create a fistula in the wrist region should be utilized. In our patient a rare variant route of the ulnar artery was observed in the wrist region. Instead of a deep route between the muscles the artery did not only run superficially, but, also untypically, first laterally and then medially. A variation of the ulnar artery's route may evoke a fear of hand ischemia after creation arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis. The fear may be connected with blood supply throw the palmar arch which is created by radial and ulnar artery. This fear of the doctor may result in avoiding the attempt to create an arteriovenous fistula on the wrist. The authors demonstrate that the variant route of the ulnar artery is not a contraindication to the creation of a fistula on the wrist using the radial artery because of a fear of hand ischemia.
Efficacy and safety of paliperidone palmitate 3-month formulation in Latin American patients with schizophrenia: A subgroup analysis of data from two large phase 3 randomized, double-blind studies (2019)

NCT01515423, NCT01529515.
Equivalence classes for smooth Fano polytopes (2015)

Let $\mathcal{F}(n)$ be the set of smooth Fano $n$-polytopes up to unimocular equivalence. In this paper, we consider the F-equivalence or I-equivalence classes for $\mathcal{F}(n)$ and introduce F-isolated or I-isolated smooth Fano $n$-polytopes. First, we describe all of F-equivalence classes and I-equivalence classes for $\mathcal{F}(5)$. We also give a complete characterization of F-equivalence classes (I-equivalence classes) for smooth Fano $n$-polytopes with $n+3$ vertices and construct a family of I-isolated smooth Fano polytopes.
A Guide to the Metres of Urdū Verse. (1939)

From the point of view of Europeans there is no book that deals satisfactorily with Urdū, metres, and as the metres are numerous, it is difficult for a student to recognize any except the three or four commonest. They have all been taken over unaltered from Persian, and Persian took them almost unaltered from Arabic. To Europeans the rules of Urdū prosody seem arbitrary, because metres must conform to certain rules for which there seems to be no adequate reason. For example the commonest Urdū, metre is scanned as follows: maf‘ūlu fā‘ilātu mafā‘īlu fā‘ilun . It might just as well be scanned mustaf‘ilun mafā‘ilu mustaf‘ilun fa‘al or in other ways, but we should be arbitrarily told that there are no such metres and that in fact they would be impossible.
Automated GUI refactoring and test script repair (2011)

To improve the overall user experience, graphical user interfaces (GUIs) of successful software systems evolve continuously. While the evolution is beneficial for end users, it creates several problems for developers and testers. Developers need to manually change the GUI code. Testers need to manually inspect and repair highly fragile test scripts. This is time-consuming and error-prone.
On the synthesis of carbon nanotubes from waste solid hydrocarbons (2014)

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropes of carbon with a cylindrical nanostructure. They consist of coaxial tubular graphene sheets, with diameters in the order of nanometers (1 × 10-9 m) and lengths in the order of micrometers (1 × 10-6 m). The latter can now be extended into the order of meters. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been studied for more than 20 years. CNTs possess superior electrical, mechanical, thermal, chemical, and structural properties, which make their potential applications nowadays overwhelmingly widespread. Now entering into the growth phase of product life cycle, increasing usage of CNTs in commercial products is part of the beginning of the nano-technological revolution. Expanding markets for CNTs' large volume applications place ever-increasing demands on lowering their production costs to the level acceptable by the end-user applications. It is estimated that the mass application of CNTs will be facilitated only when the price of CNTs approaches that of conductive carbon black.
[P2–550]: CONNECTIVITY OF THE LEFT FRONTAL CORTEX ATTENUATES DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS OF CSF‐TAU ON MEMORY IN PRECLINICAL AND CLINICAL ALZHEIMER's DISEASE (2017)

Cognitively normal (CN) subjects with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and emerging amyloid pathology are at increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The ability to maintain cognition in the face of beginning neurodegeneration (ie. cognitive reserve) may be critical for the clinical progression in subjects at increased risk of AD. The aim here was to test functional network characteristics that confer higher reserve across the early clinical spectrum of AD. Specifically, based on our previous findings in prodromal AD showing that global functional connectivity of a left frontal cortex hub (gLFC-connectivity) was associated with higher reserve (Franzmeier, Neurology, in press) we hypothesized that: 1) higher education, a protective factor, is associated with higher gLFC-connectivity 2) higher gLFC-connectivity attenuates detrimental effects of tau pathology on memory performance in preclinical and clinical stages of AD. We included 75 Ab+ individuals in different AD stages (25 CN, 23 SCD, 14 Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), 13 AD Dementia), as well as 50 Ab- individuals (24 CN, 17 SCD, 9 MCI) all recruited within the German DELCODE study on biomarker changes in AD. GLFC-connectivity was computed as the average resting-state fMRI-connectivity between an 8mm spherical LFC-ROI (BA6/44) and each grey matter voxel. Using linear regression stratified by Ab-status, we tested whether education predicted higher gLFC-connectivity. Next, we tested whether gLFC-connectivity moderates the association between CSF-tau and the Wechsler Logical Memory delayed recall score. All regression models were controlled for age, gender and diagnosis. Greater education predicted higher gLFC-connectivity in Ab+ (p=0.031; Figure 1) but not Ab-. The interaction gLFC-connectivity x CSF-tau was significant (p=0.027) in Ab+, such that at higher gLFC-connectivity the association between higher CSF-tau and memory impairment was attenuated (Figure 2). When tested separately in preclinical (CN-Ab+ & SCD-Ab+) and clinical (MCI-Ab+ & AD dementia) groups, the interaction remained at trend level significance (preclinical: p=0.067; clinical: p=0.059), suggesting compensatory effects of gLFC-connectivity on Tau pathology already in preclinical AD. No interaction was found in Ab- participants.
Time Dependent Metabolomics and Transcriptional Analysis of Cannabinoid Biosynthesis in Cannabis sativa var. Bedrobinol and Bediol Grown under Standardized Condition and with Genetic Homogeneity (2015)

Cannabis sativa L. is mostly grown under non standardized conditions resulting in high fluctuations of cannabinoid contents. The exact measure of these metabolites is hampered as most of the research has been conducted on seized, extracted or non-standardized cultivated C. sativa L. material. In this report legal standardized cultivation of two C. sativa L. chemotypes is investigated by HPLC-UV, qPCR and 1 H-NMR, respectively during two cultivation phases of four (4) weeks each. Based on HPLC the cannabinoid spectrum over 4 week cultivation period is monitored under specific light conditions and in correlation with the expression profile of thca and cbda genes in both chemotypes. Cannabinoid accumulation is observed specifically after shortening of the light period. Gene transcript based chemotyping was only possible comparing the thca and cbda transcription level ratio at the middle of the cultivation period, while at the end differences in gene transcription ratio diminished. 1 H-NMR results indicate a clear difference between both chemotypes and cultivation phases by applying pattern recognition software. The differences detected by using simple and non-destructive 1 H-NMR were used to build a model, which can be applied to chemotyping and cultivation phase separation using selective 1 H-NMR signals.
A User Interface for a Battlefield Distributed Information System (1989)

This effort was conducted to redesign and improve the user interface for the Distributed Fact Base (DFB) component of the Army's Smart Weapon System / Information Distribution System (SWS/IDS), which is being initially developed to support battlefield fire control for fighting echelons up to the brigade level. The SWS/IDS consists of multiple clusters of powerful workstations that are networked together over low-speed radio links. The IDS manages the efficient updating and interrogating of nodes of the DFB so as to maximize system performance within communication channel capacity limits, thereby minimizing the amount of information exchange among battlefield units. The user interfaces address the distributed character of both the information and the decision processes as well as the essential complexity of the knowledge domain. Interface design is being accomplished using a general design methodology for distributed intelligent systems that entails systematic consideration of system and user objectives, cognitive capabilities and limitations of the user, and available technology options. An object-oriented approach was used for developing an enhanced interface for map, chart, and list applications using newly devised interface design tools known as Object-Action Specification Tables (OASTs) and an Object-Action Specification Language (OASL). The OASTs are tables that indicate which actions can be performed on which display and control objects and which control objects can perform which actions on other objects. Wherever an object-action combination is feasible, an entry in OASL indicates how the action is accomplished (e.g., by selection of pull-right menu item; mouse-button click with mouse cursor on screen icon; etc.).
Highly atom-economic synthesis of graphene/Mn3O4 hybrid composites for electrochemical supercapacitors (2013)

A highly atom-economic procedure for the preparation of reduced graphene oxide/Mn3O4 (rGO/Mn3O4) composites is reported. Pristine graphene oxide/manganese sulfate (GO/MnSO4) suspension produced by modified Hummers method is utilized with high efficiency, which has been in situ converted into GO/Mn3O4 hybrid composite by air oxidation, then into rGO/Mn3O4 composite by means of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma-assisted deoxygenation. The Mn3O4 content of the rGO/Mn3O4 composites can be readily tailored. It is observed that Mn3O4 nanoparticles of 15-24 nm are well-dispersed on graphene sheets with Mn3O4 loading as high as 90%. The specific capacitance of the as-prepared rGO/Mn3O4 hybrids with 90% Mn3O4 reaches 193 F g(-1) when employed as the electrode material in neutral Na2SO4 electrolyte solutions (76 F g(-1) for pristine graphene and 95 F g(-1) for pure Mn3O4), which indicates the positive synergetic effects from both graphene and attached Mn3O4. The method developed in this study should offer a new technique for the large scale and highly atom-economic production of graphene/MnOx composites for many applications.
Inflammatory cells from the rat pleural cavity can activate the food-derived carcinogen MeIQx (1990)

Conference Article| August 01 1990 Inflammatory cells from the rat pleural cavity can activate the food-derived carcinogen MeIQx FRANK J. O'FARRELL; FRANK J. O'FARRELL 1Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar NIGEL J. GOODERHAM NIGEL J. GOODERHAM 1Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1990) 18 (4): 611–612. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0180611 Article history Received: November 24 1989 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation FRANK J. O'FARRELL, NIGEL J. GOODERHAM; Inflammatory cells from the rat pleural cavity can activate the food-derived carcinogen MeIQx. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1990; 18 (4): 611–612. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0180611 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: MeIQx, 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]-quinoxaline, PMA, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate This content is only available as a PDF. © 1990 Biochemical Society1990 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Human Airway Eosinophils Exhibit Preferential Reduction in STAT Signaling Capacity and Increased CISH Expression (2013)

Allergic asthma, a chronic respiratory disorder marked by inflammation and recurrent airflow obstruction, is associated with elevated levels of IL-5 family cytokines and elevated numbers of eosinophils (EOS). IL-5 family cytokines elongate peripheral blood EOS (EOS(PB)) viability, recruit EOS(PB) to the airways, and, at higher concentrations, induce degranulation and reactive oxygen species generation. Although airway EOS (EOS(A)) remain signal ready in that GM-CSF treatment induces degranulation, treatment of EOS(A) with IL-5 family cytokines no longer confers a survival advantage. Because the IL-5 family receptors have common signaling capacity, but are uncoupled from EOS(A) survival, whereas other IL-5 family induced endpoints remain functional, we tested the hypothesis that EOS(A) possess a JAK/STAT-specific regulatory mechanism (because JAK/STAT signaling is critical to EOS survival). We found that IL-5 family-induced STAT3 and STAT5 phosphorylation is attenuated in EOS(A) relative to blood EOS from airway allergen-challenged donors. However, IL-5 family-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation is not altered between EOS(A) and EOS from airway allergen-challenged donors. These observations suggest EOS(A) possess a regulatory mechanism for suppressing STAT signaling distinct from ERK1/2 activation. Furthermore, we found, in EOS(PB), IL-5 family cytokines induce members of the suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) genes, CISH and SOCS1. Additionally, following allergen challenge, EOS(A) express significantly more CISH and SOCS1 mRNA and CISH protein than EOS(PB) counterparts. In EOS(PB), long-term pretreatment with IL-5 family cytokines, to varying degrees, attenuates IL-5 family-induced STAT5 phosphorylation. These data support a model in which IL-5 family cytokines trigger a selective downregulation mechanism in EOS(A) for JAK/STAT pathways.
An examination of 1--60 TeV gamma ray interactions in emulsion detectors (1992)

Gamma rays with energy up to 60 TeV observed in balloon-borne emulsion chambers are studied to measure the cross sections for hadron production, bremsstrahlung, and pair production processes. The present study provides an opportunity to investigate hadronic and electromagnetic processes at energies above those available from existing accelerators, using track-sensitive detectors to examine the products of the primary interaction vertices, which are not directly observed by ground-based cosmic ray experiments.