gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Yogurt in the diet of the elderly: a preliminary investigation into its effect on the gut ecosystem and lipid metabolism (2002)

The effect of yogurt as a dietary supplement was investigated with regard to the gut ecosystem and lipid metabolism of 12 healthy, elderly people (78.3 9.8 years, body mass index 23.6 5.3 kgm -2 , mean SD). Commercial yogurt with homogenized fruit was prepared by fermenting milk with yogurt specific cultures Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus (strain AY/CSL) and Streptococcus thermophilus (strain 9Y/CSL). The subjects consumed their usual diet (equal to 6279-6698 kJd -1 ) over a 2-week baseline period (baseline start to end) and then were supplemented for 4 weeks with 250 gd -1 of fruit yogurt. The yogurt was administered in 125 g portions twice per day: at breakfast in substitution of milk and in the afternoon in substitution of tea with milk (test). At the end of the 4-week period the volunteers returned to their usual diet for a further 4 weeks (follow-up). At the end of each trial period no changes were observed in faecal water content, pH, bile acid concentration or cytolytic activity of the faecal water. Throughout the study there was significant variation neither in dietary intake of macro-and micronutrients, nor in the plasma lipids and, during the experimental period, in the counts of the total anaerobic microorganisms, bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, coliforms or enterococci. The only significant difference was observed in the clostridia counts, that decreased (P < 0.05) after the consumption of yogurt. Moreover, this effect was still evident at the end of the follow-up period. Since this last result can be considered a positive modification of the colon ecosystem, as clostridia are involved in the production of putrefactive compounds, it is possible that a yogurt-supplemented diet can maintain and/or improve the intestinal microbiota of elderly subjects.
Altered early immune response after fracture and traumatic brain injury (2023)

Since mast cells and mast cell-derived CXCL10 have been shown to increase osteoclastogenesis, the reduced mast cell numbers might contribute to higher bone content in the fracture callus of fracture + TBI mice due to decreased callus remodeling.
Broadband interferometer for measuring transmitted wavefronts of optical band pass filters for Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) (1998)

The transmitted wavefronts of optical filters for he Hubble Space Telescope (HST) advanced camera for surveys (ACS) are characterized using the Wildly and Openly Modified Broadband Achromatic Twyman Green (WOMBAT) Interferometer developed in the NASA/GSFC Optics Branch's Diffraction Grating Evaluation Facility. Because only four of thirty-three of ACS's optical bandpass filters transmit the 633 nm light of most commercial interferometers, a broadband interferometer is required to verify specified transmitted wavefront of ACS filters. WOMBAT's design is a hybrid of the BAT<SUP>2</SUP> interferometer developed for JPL used for HST wide field and planetary camera II filters and a WYKO 400 phase shifting interferometer. It includes a broadband light source, monochromator, off-axis, parabolic collimating and camera mirrors, an aluminum-coated fused silica beamsplitter, flat retroreflecting mirrors for the test and reference arms, and a UV-sensitive CCD camera. An outboarded, piezo-electric phase shifter holds the flat mirror in the interferometer's reference arm. The interferometer is calibrated through interaction between the WYKO system's software and WOMBAT hardware for the test wavelength of light entering the beamsplitter. Phase-shifted interferograms of the filter mounted in the tests arm are analyzed using WYKO's vision for optical testing software. Filters as large as 90 mm in diameter have been measured over a wavelength range from 200 to 1100 nm with a ACS fixed bandpass and spatially-variable bandpass filters for a variety of wavelengths.
Qualitatively modelling and analysing genetic regulatory networks: a Petri net approach (2006)

The Petri net model construction tool and the data files for the B. subtilis sporulation case study are available at http://bioinf.ncl.ac.uk/gnapn.
Transdermal Nicotine Decreases Mucosal IL-8 Expression but Has No Effect on Mucin Gene Expression in Ulcerative Colitis (1999)

Our goal was to determine the effect of transdermal nicotine on cytokine and mucin gene transcription in ulcerative colitis (UC). Sixty-four nonsmoking patients with active UC were randomly assigned to transdermal nicotine (maximum dose 22 mg/day) or placebo for 4 weeks. Clinical assessment and colonic mucosal biopsies were obtained at entry and after 4 weeks. Inflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines were assessed by qualitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Based on this initial screen, IL-8 mRNA levels were measured by RT-competitive PCR. MUC1, MUC2, MUC3, MUC4, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and MUC6 mRNA concentrations were measured by quantitative dot blot analysis. Cytokine mRNA expression, except for IL-8, was similar in all patients. IL-8 mRNA levels were significantly decreased in the colonic mucosa of nicotine-treated patients who improved (p = 0.04). IL-8 mRNA values were similar before and after treatment in nonresponding nicotine-treated patients and in all placebo-treated patients. Mucin gene expression was similar in all patient groups. Beneficial effects of transdermal nicotine in active UC may result from decrease of IL-8 expression at the transcriptional level. Transdermal nicotine has no effect on mucin gene transcription.
Non-Invasive Urinary Markers of Renal Dysfunction in Sickle Cell Disease. (2009)

Abstract Abstract 4621 Renal failure is one of the major complications of sickle cell disease (SCD), affecting 5-18% of the patients. Microalbuminuria (MA), which has a prevalence of 26.5% in all children with SCD, is used as a marker of preclinical glomerular damage and renal disease progression. However, measuring MA alone may miss renal damage involving tubular proteins. We hypothesize that sickle cell nephropathy subjects will have increased urinary excretion of Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 (TGF β1) and Neutrophil Gelatinase–Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) as compared to age-matched controls (CTR). We also hypothesize that urinary excretion of these proteins will be associated with severity of anemia in SCD. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kits were used to detect urinary excretion of TGF β1/NGAL, and corrected to urine creatinine. Mean age, gender, and race were not statistically different among the groups. Urinary excretion of TGF β1 was significantly higher in SCD subjects (26.4 pg/mg Cr +/-1.5) vs. CTR (14.9 pg/mg Cr +/-2.4), (p&lt;0.00001). There was no difference in urinary NGAL between the SCD subjects vs. CTR. SCD patients with hemoglobin less than 9gm/dl had higher urinary TGF β1 than SCD patients with milder anemia (p=0.002). Urinary TGF β1 was lower in SCD patients on hydroxyurea (23.61+/-2.6), vs. those who were (27.69+/-1.8), p=0.08. Surprisingly, there were no correlation between urinary TGF β1 and urinary microalbumin or estimated glomerular function, indicating that microalbuminuria and serum creatinine are poor measures of renal injury in SCD patients. Our data suggests that urinary TGF β1 may serve as a urinary biomarker to monitor the progression of renal disease in SCD. This assumption needs to be tested prospectively. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Ethical dilemmas associated with clinicians’ decisions about treatment in critically ill infants born in Córdoba, Argentina (2017)

The objective of this article is to examine end of life decisions made by neonatologists of Córdoba, Argentina. An anonymous questionnaire was designed to investigate neonatologists' decisions on when to initiate or withdraw treatment in critical neonates. All neonatologists who take care of critically ill neonates in Córdoba participated in the survey. More than 75% of them would initiate treatment in preterm infants with uncertain prognosis based on the viability of the newborn. Because it is common to find that critically ill neonates lack sufficient diagnostic information at birth, this attitude seems to manifest a certain therapeutic activism. However, more than 80% of physicians withdraw futile treatments that do not produce benefits. Cordoban neonatologists initiate medical treatment based on the current clinical conditions of neonates, applying a certain degree of therapeutic activism. Doctors withdraw neonatal treatment when it is considered futile.
Immune Suppression by γδ T-cells as a Potential Regulatory Mechanism After Cancer Vaccination With IL-12 Secreting Dendritic Cells (2009)

In cancer patients undergoing immune therapy with lipopolysaccharides/interferon-gamma activated interleukin (IL)-12 secreting dendritic cells (DCs) we observed enhanced proliferative capacity of pyrophosphate-responsive peripheral blood (PB) gammadelta T-cells. This was not noted before as in other clinical trials DCs were used that were not enabled for IL-12 secretion and mice do not have a corresponding subset of PB gammadelta T-cells. In vitro examination of IL-12 DC/PB gammadelta T-cell interactions revealed a potential of PB gammadelta T-cells to negatively regulate the proliferative capacity of CD4 and CD8 T-cells. We further demonstrate that IL-12 is critical in the activation of PB gammadelta T-cells. In contrast, the regulatory activity of PB gammadelta T-cells in immune responses against strong recall antigens or alloantigens did not require activated DCs, but depended on pyrophosphate activation of PB gammadelta T-cells. Depletion of PB gammadelta T-cells abrogated the regulatory activity in IL-12 DC/peripheral blood mononuclear cell cocultures; adding back graded numbers of PB gammadelta T-cells restored it. Our observations revealed a potential PB gammadelta T cell-mediated negative regulatory feedback mechanism triggered by IL-12 DCs, which may critically impact on the design of DC cancer vaccines.
KDR Signaling in Muscle Stem Cells Promotes Asymmetric Division and Progenitor Generation for Efficient Regeneration (2022)

SUMMARY The regulation of muscle stem cell (MuSC) asymmetric division plays an essential role in controlling the growth and repair of skeletal muscle. We discover kinase domain receptor (KDR) as a positive modulator of MuSC asymmetric division using an in-niche high-content screen and confirmed its expression in satellite cells by ddPCR and immunofluorescence. Knockdown of KDR significantly reduces the numbers of asymmetric divisions, whereas ligand stimulation of KDR increases the numbers of asymmetric divisions. KDR signaling is impaired in dystrophin-deficient satellite cells and requires a polarized cell environment established by the dystrophin glycoprotein complex (DGC) to direct asymmetric division. Mice lacking KDR in MuSCs exhibit reduced numbers of satellite cells due to precocious differentiation, and deficits in regeneration consistent with impaired asymmetric division and reduced generation of progenitors. Therefore, our experiments identify KDR signaling as playing an essential role in MuSC function in muscle regeneration. HIGHLIGHTS KDR and VEGFA are expressed in satellite cells Ligand activated KDR stimulates asymmetric satellite stem cell division KDR signaling requires the presence of the DGC KDR-deficient satellite cells give rise to reduced numbers of progenitors eTOC blurb Chen et al., performed a chemical screen using a novel screening platform to identify modulators of muscle stem cell asymmetric division. They discovered that KDR signalling requires the presence of the dystrophin associated glycoprotein complex and is an important regulator of muscle stem cell asymmetric division.
Porokeratosis of Mibelli following bone marrow transplantation (2006)

Porokeratosis may develop following bone marrow transplantation. Our five cases double the number reported in the medical literature, and the incidence of porokeratosis following bone marrow transplantation may be significantly higher than previously recognized. As cutaneous carcinomas have been reported in association with porokeratosis, careful surveillance for porokeratosis in bone marrow transplant recipients is warranted.
3D Soft Metamaterials with Negative Poisson's Ratio (2013)

Buckling is exploited to design a new class of three-dimensional metamaterials with negative Poisson's ratio. A library of auxetic building blocks is identified and procedures are defined to guide their selection and assembly. The auxetic properties of these materials are demonstrated both through experiments and finite element simulations and exhibit excellent qualitative and quantitative agreement.
Development of a Plasma Spray Process Monitoring System through Aeroacoustic Signal Analysis (2016)

Plasma spray coatings are vital to the capabilities of jet engines. They allow engines to operate at combustion temperatures that would otherwise melt the superalloy components. Coatings tighten clearance between rotating components, increasing engine compression. They prevent chemical attack and physical erosion. Plasma spray coatings are imperative to the durability and efficient operation of the modern jet engine. In this application coating material property variation has a significant cost. In addition to the variation inherent in the process, some of the biggest contributors to coating property variation have been traced to spray gun nozzle wear and powder feed variation[3, 4]. Presented here are multiple methods utilizing flow induced acoustic signals to quantify noise parameters, measure component wear, diagnose the plasma spray process and detect coating property deviation. Methods have been developed for offline and online analysis of components in addition to online process analysis. These include characterization of nozzle wear by throat roughness measurements and nozzle casting, offline detection of nozzle wear by attenuation of discrete tone generation and broadband signal variation, and offline measurement of powder port wear by jet screech frequency variation. Online methods include pre-ignition nozzle degree of wear measurement by discrete frequency changes; online parameter change detection, process deviation detection with potential source identification, as well as variation in coating property detection by broadband acoustic signal changes. Offline methods allow for 100% accurate new nozzle manufacturer identification. By the same test nozzle wear state can be predicted with over 95% accuracy with the potential for a degree of wear determination. Internal diameter changes of less than 10 microns can similarly be detected. Analysis of online plasma spray acoustic signals as described here can distinguish nozzle state and powder feed variation with over 90% accuracy. The capabilities developed here will aid in plasma spray process variation detection and contribute to identifying the source of this variation. This will improve coating quality and consistency, reduce failures, lower operational costs and ultimately make jet engines more economical, safer, and more fuel efficient with significant environmental and financial cost reduction.
A self-healing, re-moldable and biocompatible crosslinked polysiloxane elastomer (2015)

The thermally healable polysiloxane elastomers were successfully prepared by cross-linking polydimethylsiloxane bearing maleimide pendants with furan-end functionalized siloxane via the Diels-Alder (DA) reaction. The elastomers with good mechanical properties show excellent self-healing and remoldability functions due to the thermally reversible feature of the DA reaction. The molecular mechanism of self-healing was confirmed by in situ structural characterization. Moreover, the biocompatibility of the polysiloxane elastomer containing DA bonds is found to be fairly good by cytotoxicity evaluation and animal subcutaneous experiments, suggesting its potential applications in the biomedical field as artificial skin and scaffolds for tissue engineering.
On balanced sequences and their critical exponent (2021)

We study aperiodic balanced sequences over finite alphabets. A sequence vv of this type is fully characterised by a Sturmian sequence u and two constant gap sequences y and y'. We show that the language of v is eventually dendric and we focus on return words to its factors. We develop a method for computing the critical exponent and asymptotic critical exponent of balanced sequences, provided the associated Sturmian sequence u has a quadratic slope. The method is based on looking for the shortest return words to bispecial factors in v. We illustrate our method on several examples; in particular we confirm a conjecture of Rampersad, Shallit and Vandomme that two specific sequences have the least critical exponent among all balanced sequences over 9-letter (resp., $0-letter) alphabets.
Direct Speech-to-Speech Translation With Discrete Units (2022)

Ann Lee, Peng-Jen Chen, Changhan Wang, Jiatao Gu, Sravya Popuri, Xutai Ma, Adam Polyak, Yossi Adi, Qing He, Yun Tang, Juan Pino, Wei-Ning Hsu. Proceedings of the 60th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers). 2022.
Pd‐Catalyzed Amination of Nucleoside Arylsulfonates to yield N6‐Aryl‐2,6‐Diaminopurine Nucleosides (2005)

Einige Literaturzitate in dieser Zuschrift enthalten fehlerhafte Angaben. Die korrekten Literaturstellen 1a, 1b, 3e, 6b, 16b und 18 sind hier angegeben. Die Autoren entschuldigen sich für dieses Versehen.
Crossover in magnetic properties of FeSi (2002)

The magnetization of high quality iron monosilicide single crystals has been studied in a wide temperature and magnetic-field range. These data are analyzed by taking into account strong Hubbard correlations between ${e}_{g}$ and ${t}_{2g}$ states of Fe and the formation of spin polarons in the cubic FeSi matrix at low temperatures $(T&lt;100 \mathrm{K}).$ These heavy particles are transformed into ferromagnetic microregions at ${T}_{c}\ensuremath{\approx}15 \mathrm{K},$ which result in the appearance of the low-temperature anomalies in transport and thermodynamic properties of this compound. The suppression of the many-body resonance at ${E}_{F}$ occurs in FeSi at high temperatures, thus leading to the crossover in magnetic properties of FeSi. The transition to the temperature induced magnetic moments causes a dramatic increase of the magnetic susceptibility at temperatures $T&gt;100 \mathrm{K}.$
Coronary Blood Flow Is Increased in RV Hypertrophy, but the Shape of Normalized Waves Is Preserved Throughout the Arterial Tree (2018)

A pulsatile hemodynamic analysis was carried out in the right coronary arterial (RCA) tree of control and RV hypertrophy (RVH) hearts. The shape of flow and wall shear stress (WSS) waves was hypothesized to be maintained throughout the RCA tree in RVH (i.e., similar patterns of normalized flow and WSS waves in vessels of various sizes). Consequently, we reconstructed the entire RCA tree down to the first capillary bifurcation of control and RVH hearts based on measured morphometric data. A Womersley-type model was used to compute the flow and WSS waves in the tree. The hemodynamic parameters obtained from experimental measurements were incorporated into the numerical model. Given an increased number of arterioles, the mean and amplitude of flow waves at the inlet of RCA tree in RVH was found to be two times larger than that in control, but no significant differences (<i>p</i> > 0.05) were found in precapillary arterioles. The increase of stiffness in RCA of RVH preserved the shape of normalized flow and WSS waves, but increased the PWV in coronary arteries and reduced the phase angle difference for the waves between the most proximal RCA and the most distal precapillary arteriole. The study is important for understanding pulsatile coronary blood flow in ventricular hypertrophy.
Markers of iron deficiency in patients with polycythemia vera receiving ruxolitinib or best available therapy (2017)

Polycythemia vera (PV) is characterized by erythropoiesis and JAK2-activating mutations, with increased risks of morbidity and mortality. Most patients with PV are iron deficient, and treatment often includes hematocrit control with phlebotomy, which may exacerbate iron deficiency-associated complications. The phase 3 RESPONSE trial evaluated the JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib (n=110) versus best available therapy (BAT; n=112) in patients with PV who were hydroxyurea-resistant/intolerant. Ruxolitinib was superior to BAT for hematocrit control, reduction in splenomegaly, and blood count normalization. This exploratory analysis, the first to evaluate iron status in a prospective study of patients with PV, investigated ruxolitinib effects on 7 serum iron markers and iron deficiency-related patient-reported outcomes (PRO). Among patients with evidence of baseline iron deficiency, ruxolitinib was associated with normalization of iron marker levels, compared with lesser improvement with BAT. Iron levels remained stable in ruxolitinib patients with normal iron levels at baseline. Regardless of baseline iron status, treatment with ruxolitinib was associated with improvements in concentration problems, cognitive function, dizziness, fatigue, headaches, and inactivity, although improvements were generally greater among patients with baseline iron deficiency. The improvements in iron deficiency markers and PROs observed with ruxolitinib are suggestive of clinical benefits that warrant further exploration.
[The role of disorders of components of the RASC system (regulation of the aggregation system of coagulation) in the pathogenesis of microangiopathies in vibration disease]. (1989)

A complex assessment of the RASC system in patients with vibration disease of different stages of severity is presented. Early disorders of the thrombocytovascular chain of hemostasis have been established at the initial stage of the disease. When pathologic process grows worse, disorders of the coagulation chain are identified. Proceeding from the above studies it is shown that changes in the aggregate blood state are significant for microangiopathy pathogenesis in patients with vibration disease. Expediency of the use of antithrombocytic and vasoprotective preparations in complex treatment has been substantiated.
Développement et caractérisation d'une puce à cellules pour le criblage d'agents toxiques (2008)

Current developments in tissue engineering and microtechnology fields allowed proposing new pertinent tools to investigate in vitro toxicity. <br />We propose the development of a cellular microchip that mimics organs in vitro. To validate our approach, we showed the pertinence of the microchip environment with the culture of a renal cell line, the Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) and a human hepatic cell line, the HepG2/C3A. In this study, we tested three flow rates (0, 10 and 25 µL/min) at three inoculated cell densities. Then, we tested our microchip with three ammonium chloride loadings (0, 5 and 10mM) in order to demonstrate its potential for future toxicity experiments. The cellular activities were monitored by the cell proliferation rates, the glucose and glutamine consumptions, albumin and ammonia productions and by the detoxication via the CYP 1A activity. <br />In dynamic condition, the cellular activities in term of consumptions and productions were higher in the microchip than in static conditions. More especially, the detoxication activity of the CYP 1A was found higher. The toxicity analysis with the chloride ammonium showed similar tendencies in the microchip and in Petri standard culture conditions (reduction of proliferation. However, the ammonium chloride seemed induce a higher CYP 1A activity in the microchip. <br />By these investigations, we showed the pertinence of the utilization of our microchip for in vitro dynamic toxicity testing. The targeted industries of this new in vitro cell culture model are the chemical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.