gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MEMS Devices (2018)

This chapter presents a brief description of the main MEMS devices with special emphasis on their basic functioning principles. Since the appearance of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technologies in the early 1950s, a traditional classification in two main classes, sensors and actuators, regarding the direction of its interaction with their surroundings, has been accepted. Two conductors placed at a given distance electrically isolated from each other form a capacitor. Capacitors are frequently used in MEMS sensors as they can provide high sensitivity and linearity, and they provide useful, easy to handle electrical signals. Any of the parameters of the capacitor can be used for sensing if adequately linked to the physical magnitude to detect. Metallic and semiconductor resistors are frequently used in MEMS technology. They can be fabricated by deposition and lithography of the resistor material onto an insulating layer. Semiconductor resistors can also be obtained by selective doping of a semiconductor substrate.
Cross-polarized printable chipless RFID tag with superior data capacity (2014)

A novel technique in chipless RFID systems is presented providing high data capacity on a fully printable tag. Tag structure includes small polarizers that orthogonally backscatter signal respect to the interrogation wave. The reader utilizes a simple continuous wave (CW) form on its separate TX and RX antennas. The fully printable tag is capable of carrying up to 35 bits in a credit card size while the system is very robust towards multipath, clutter and noise. The printer inaccuracy is also considered in the proposed theory and suitable solution is suggested. High data capacity, small frequency band usage, fully printable tag, robustness to multipath and noise are the main aspects of the proposed technique.
Probabilistic State Estimation in Water Networks (2020)

State estimation in water distribution networks (WDN), the problem of estimating all unknown network heads and flows given select measurements, is challenging due to the nonconvexity of hydraulic models and significant uncertainty from water demands, network parameters, and measurements. To this end, a probabilistic modeling for state estimation (PSE) in WDNs is proposed. After linearizing the nonlinear hydraulic WDN model, the proposed PSE shows that the covariance matrix of unknown system states (unmeasured heads and flows) can be linearly expressed by the covariance matrix of three uncertainty sources (i.e., measurement noise, network parameters, and water demands). Instead of providing deterministic results for unknown states, the proposed PSE approach (i) regards the system states and uncertainty sources as random variables and yields variances of individual unknown states, (ii) considers thorough modeling of various types of valves and measurement scenarios in WDNs, and (iii) is also useful for uncertainty quantification, extended period simulations, and confidence limit analysis. The effectiveness and scalability of the proposed approach is tested using several WDN case studies.
LEMMA approach for the production of low-emittance muon beams (2019)

This work introduces an experimental test of the new proposal for a low-emittance muon accelerator (LEMMA). A low-emittance muon beam is obtained from the e+e- → μ+μ- annihilation process at the threshold energy of 45 GeV eliminating the need for a dedicated muon cooling system. A series of two testbeam campaigns were carried out at CERN to validate this concept. The experimental setup is presented together with first preliminary results from the obtained data.
Friessche verschiebung bei acetylderivaten phenolischer mehrkernverbindungen (1972)

Abstract Die FRIES sche Verschiebung wurde an den Acetylderivaten einiger phenolischer Zweiund Dreikernverbindungen untersucht. In Nitrobenzol, mit AlCl 3 als Katalysator, ist bei Temperaturen von 40‐60°C eine gleichzeitige Umlagerung von mehreren Acylgruppen pro Molekül in die para ‐Stellung zur phenolischen Hydroxylgruppe ohne Schwierigkeiten möglich. Methoxygruppen bleiben dabei erhalten. Die bei höheren Temperaturen verlaufende Umlagerung in die ortho ‐Stellung zur phenolischen Hydroxylgruppe gelang jedoch bisher nicht. Die erhaltenen Mehrkernverbindungen mit p ‐Hydroxyacetophenonbausteinen wurden IR‐, UV‐ und NMR‐spektroskopisch untersucht. Sie wurden ferner durch Überführung in die entsprechenden O‐Acetylderivate und 2.4‐Dinitrophenylhydrazone charakterisiert.
Cisco Field Manual: Catalyst Switch Configuration (2001)

From the Publisher:
The field engineer's complete Catalyst switch reference

A robust field command reference useful for Cisco certification preparation.
Presents both COS and IOS switch commands, listing elements of complex configurations together as a field engineer would need them.
Configuration commands and options in the order they should be used.
Background information on switch features, important configuration notes, and guidelines.


This field reference provides novice to experienced network engineers with an aid to configuring Cisco Catalyst switches. Engineers are able to carry this book on site and refer to it during hands-on installation or troubleshooting sessions. Cisco offers two distinct operating systems in the Catalyst switch product line (the Catalyst OS [COS] and the traditional IOS). This book is based on the most current revision of both COS and IOS code, with both COS and IOS commands appearing side-by-side throughout for quick reference. 

Cisco Field Manual: Catalyst Switch Configuration is organized by like features, with sections marked by shaded tabs for quick reference. Information on each feature is presented in a concise one- or two-page format, with Background, Configuration, and Example components. It begins with a review of how switching works in the two operating systems. It then includes a comprehensive guide to configuration starting with basic design and moving on to discuss Layer 2 and Layer 3 configuration. Coverage then is provided on fundamental switching topics, like VLANs, multi-layer switching, multicast, and accelerated server load balancing. Final chapters take readers a bit further intothe important considerations of access control, switch management, quality of service (QoS), and switching in a voice network.

David Hucaby, CCIE #4594, is a Lead Network Engineer for the University of Kentucky, where he works with healthcare networks based on the Cisco Catalyst, IP telephony, PIX Firewall, and VPN product lines. David has a B.S. and M.S. in Electrical Engineering from the University of Kentucky.

Stephen McQuerry, CCIE #6108, is an instructor and consultant with over 10 years of networking industry experience. He is a Certified Cisco Systems Instructor (CCSI) teaching routing and switching concepts for Global Knowledge. Steve is also the Course Developer/Director for Global's Advanced Cisco Campus Switching course. Steve holds a B.S. degree in Engineering Physics from Eastern Kentucy University.
A simple technique for preservation of fixation-sensitive antigens in paraffin-embedded tissues. (1994)

Immunohistochemistry is a powerful tool for tissue diagnosis and research. Although the frozen section has remained the gold standard for this important approach to evaluation of antigens in tissues, there is widespread acknowledgment of many limitations. Routine paraffin-embedded sections ware widely used for morphological examination of tissues but are not optimal for antigen preservation. In this study, paraffin-embedded tissues fixed with a simple buffer containing zinc as the primary fixative were compared with tissues fixed with routine formalin, zinc-formalin, paraformaldehyde, ethanol, a variety of commercial (non-formalin-containing) fixatives that have been recommended for reduced toxicity and improved antigen survival, and frozen sections. Human lymphoid tissues and a group of antibodies to antigens (CD1, CD4, CD7, CD8, CD19) usually preserved only in frozen tissue were used as a model system. Fixation in a simple solution of zinc acetate and zinc chloride in a Tris-Ca acetate buffer resulted in antigen preservation comparable to that in frozen sections with antibodies to these cell surface markers. Morphological preservation was comparable to formalin-fixed sections. The work presents a new method that represents the closest approach yet to a technique that combines optimal antigenic survival with the convenience and morphological preservation of traditional formalin-fixed tissue embedded in paraffin.
[A Case of Locally-Advanced Breast Cancer with Liver Metastasis, Treated with Mastectomy of the Primary Tumor after Chemotherapy]. (2015)

The patient was a 39-year-old woman who was referred to our hospital with suspicion of locally-advanced breast cancer. After several tests, she received a diagnosis of cT4bN1M1 (liver), Stage Ⅳbreast cancer. The liver metastasis was located in S4, and was 1 cm in size. Core needle biopsy was performed on the breast tumor; the pathological diagnosis was invasive ductal carcinoma (scirrhous carcinoma), nuclear Grade (NG) 3, and HER2-positive. She received epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide (EC) followed by docetaxel (DOC) plus pertuzumab (PER) plus trastuzumab (HER). After chemotherapy, the liver metastasis and axillary lymph node metastases had disappeared on imaging findings, showing a complete response (CR), but the primary breast tumor remained, showing a partial response (PR). She underwent mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection for local control. After surgery, no metastases including liver metastases were seen on CT. The patient is currently receiving tamoxifen and anti-HER2 therapy.
Genome Sequence of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC 202195, a Probiotic Strain That Reduces Sepsis and Other Infections during Early Infancy (2020)

The draft genome of probiotic <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> ATCC 202195, with the trademark PPLP-217, is comprised of 3,368,305 bp with a G+C content of 44.3% and no plasmids. The strain is able to grow on lactose, raffinose, and fructooligosaccharides.
Quantification of Hypotony Maculopathy Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (2022)

The tool we introduce and openly provide fills a clinical gap to quantitatively grade hypotony maculopathy. It offers a metric of relatively simple interpretation that can be used to help clinicians in cases where the regression of symptoms is not obvious to the naked eye. Our pilot study demonstrates reliable results, and an open-source implementation facilitates easy improvements to our algorithm.
Valproate for schizophrenia (2008)

Based on currently available randomised trial-derived evidence, there are no data to support or to refute valproate as a sole agent for schizophrenia. There is some evidence for positive effects on aggression and tardive dyskinesia, but given that these results were based on only a single small study they cannot be considered robust. Given the paucity of the available database further large, simple well-designed and reported trials are necessary. Ideally these would focus on people with schizophrenia and aggression, on those with treatment resistant forms of the disorder and on those with schizoaffective disorders.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF A HYBRID INSULIN SHORTENED IN THE B CHAIN BRANCH BY FIVE AMINO ACIDS AND SUBSTITUTED IN THE POSITIONS PHE B24 AND PHE B25 BY TYROSINE AND ALANINE (1981)

Abstract Das in den Positionen 24 und 25 modifizierte, verkürzte geschützte Insulin‐B‐Ketten‐Analoge (I) wird nach klassischen Aufbaumethoden synthetisiert und durch Deblockierung und oxidative Sulfitolyse in die entsprechende S‐Sulfonat‐Form übergeführt; diese wird nachfolgend mit nativem A‐Ketten‐S‐sulfonat zur Titelverbindung (II) kombiniert.
Long-term biochemical and physiologic effects of surgically placed portacaval shunts in dogs (1986)

After surgical placement of end-to-side portacaval shunts (PCS), 4 adult mongrel dogs (11.8 to 18.2 kg) were fed purified diets and monitored for approximately 50 weeks for changes in body weight, neurologic status, and an array of clinically important biochemical variables. Two healthy dogs, fed the same diets and maintained in the same environment, were also observed (controls). Body weights were relatively stable over the period of observation. The branched-chain ratio ([valine] + [leucine] + [isoleucine]/[phenylalanine] + [tyrosine]), an index of the degree of change in plasma amino acid concentrations, was significantly lower in dogs with PCS than in controls. Despite this depression in branched-chain ratio, the principals (dogs with PCS) were essentially free of neurologic symptoms. Statistically significant decreases due to portacaval shunting were seen in the serum concentrations of glucose, calcium, urea nitrogen, creatinine, cholesterol, and albumin. Total protein, globulin, and triglyceride concentrations tended to be lower in the serum of principals than in serum of controls, but the differences were not statistically significant. Statistically significant increases due to portacaval shunting were seen in plasma concentrations of total conjugated bile acids and sulfobromophthalein retention. Concentrations of the following compounds tended to be higher in serum of principals than in serum of controls: phosphorus, chloride, uric acid, total bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase. Liver biopsy at 7 months after operation showed mild-to-extensive atrophy of hepatocytes, mild-to-extensive fibrosis, and collapsed portal veins in all principals examined.
Spherical video panorama stitching from multiple cameras with intersecting fields of view and inertial measurement unit (2016)

The article describes the spherical panorama stitching algorithm using several pairs of calibrated cameras and panorama navigation technique using inertial measurement unit data.
Design and Optimization of Biopolyester Bagasse Fiber Composites (2007)

Bagasse fiber, a by-product of the sugar making process, maintains a coherent xylem structure and can offer mechanical reinforcement to composite materials. Biopolyester bagasse composites were prepared with biodegradable matrices polyhydroxylbutyrate (PHB) and its copolymer containing polyhydroxyvalerate (PHBV). Both biopolymers were reinforced with treated and untreated bagasse fibers, as well as fiber volume fractions involving two fiber lengths. Optimized properties were achieved with PHB-bagasse composite surpassing the PHB flexural strength by 50% and achieving higher strength and modulus than the standard thermoplastics. The bagasse fibers were cleaned with boiling water and acetone soxhlet extraction to avoid using adhesive chemicals and, therefore, comply with biosafety standards in the packaging industry. A significant improvement in the interfacial stress transfer between the fiber and the matrix was achieved with the fibers subjected to both washing and acetone treatment. While the crystallization of PHBV was shown to be controllable by processing conditions, it was concluded that no transcrystalline region was formed with this particular resin in any of the composites. Bagasse was shown to be an effective filler for PHBV; although the results varied somewhat due to the surface treatment of the bagasse fibers. On average, long fiber bagasse composites displayed flexural moduli 33% higher than those of PHBV. Overall, the results demonstrated the positive potential of bagasse to reinforce both biopolyester matrices.
식민지시기 문학의 장에서의 여성 작가들 ― 2세대 여성 작가들의 작품과 삶의 경로를 중심으로 (2012)

이 글은 식민지 시대의 여성 작가들 중에서 왜 일세대 작가들은 비참한 최후를 맞이한 반면에 나름 몇몇 좌익계열의 여성작가들이 나름 문단에서 명성을 떨칠 수 있었는가에 대한 고찰이다. 여성작가들의 공동집필 소설인 _젊은 어머니_의 글을 통해서 여성들의 소설 창작이 어떤 경향성을 보이는지 분석하고, 또한 정전화 과정 속에서 어떤 소설들이 선택되는가에 대한 고찰을 통해서 여성 작가들의 삶의 전략을 살펴보려고 한다. 민족주의 계열 작가들과 유사하게 여성에 대한 보수적인 태도를 유지하고 있는 사회주의 계열 작가군에서 여성 작가들은 일세대 작가들의 경험에서 무엇을 배우고, 어떤 삶의 방식을 만들어 갔는지를 보인다. 이를 통해, 여성 작가들의 작가로써의 그리고 식민지 시대의 여성으로써의 자신의 지위를 획 득해 가는 과정에 대해 추적하려고 한다. 이 논의를 통해서 실제로 문학의 장에서 어떻게 젠더의 변수를 통해서 살펴볼 때 문학의 영역의 변화를 이해할 수 있는 다른 단초를 제공하고자 한다.
Recurrent cytogenetic alterations of prostate carcinoma and amplification of c‐myc or epidermal growth factor receptor in subclones of immortalized pnt1 human prostate epithelial cell line (1995)

To develop an experimental prostate cancer model, we immortalized normal human prostate adult epithelial cells with SV40 large-T antigen. Two sublines were derived in culture, namely PNT1A and PNT1B. They retained the characteristics of prostate epithelial cells, but did not clone in soft agarose. PNT1A occasionally formed undifferentiated adenocarcinoma tumors in nude mice, but only in the presence of matrigel. PNT1A and PNT1B displayed common cytogenetic alterations: a 10q arm deletion, which is a recurrent alteration in prostate carcinoma, chromosome losses and a translocation involving chromosome 5. An extensive study of oncogenic alterations occurring in these cells showed that PNT1A displayed c-myc gene amplification, forming an hsr on chromosome 4, as well as gene amplification, forming an hsr on chromosome 4, as well as c-myc mRNA overexpression, with a faster doubling time (25 hr); moreover, it seemed less sensitive to EGF than PNT1B. PNT1B had a doubling time identical to that of normal cells (48 hr) but displayed EGF receptor gene amplification accompanied by an increased number of EGF binding sites and sensitivity to EGF. Because both cell lines displayed cytogenetic and oncogenic alterations found in prostate cancer, as well as differing malignant potentials, they represent an interesting model for studying the progression of prostate tumors.
Path Following Controller for Electric Power Wheelchair Using Model Predictive Control and Transverse Feedback Linearization (2018)

International audience
Upgrading Heavy Feedstocks (1986)

Human interactions with wildlife are a defining experience of human existence. These interactions can be positive or negative. People compete with wildlife for food and resources, and have eradicated dangerous species; co-opted and domesticated valuable ...Read More
“Monoclonal-type” plastic antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (2020)

Summary of the idea Our idea is focused on the development of “monoclonal-type” plastic antibodies based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) able to selectively bind a portion of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to block its function and, thus, the infection process. Molecular Imprinting, indeed, represents a very promising and attractive technology for the synthesis of MIPs characterized by specific recognition abilities for a target molecule. Given these characteristics, MIPs can be considered tailor-made synthetic antibodies obtained by a templating process. In the present study, the developed imprinted polymeric nanoparticles were characterized in terms of particles size and distribution by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and the imprinting effect and selectivity were investigated by performing binding experiments using the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the novel coronavirus and the RBD of SARS-CoV spike protein, respectively. Finally, the hemocompatibility of the prepared MIP-based plastic antibodies was also evaluated.
Responsive Polydiacetylene Vesicles for Biosensing Microorganisms (2018)

Polydiacetylene (PDA) inserted in films or in vesicles has received increasing attention due to its property to undergo a blue-to-red colorimetric transition along with a change from non-fluorescent to fluorescent upon application of various stimuli. In this review paper, the principle for the detection of various microorganisms (bacteria, directly detected or detected through the emitted toxins or through their DNA, and viruses) and of antibacterial and antiviral peptides based on these responsive PDA vesicles are detailed. The analytical performances obtained, when vesicles are in suspension or immobilized, are given and compared to those of the responsive vesicles mainly based on the vesicle encapsulation method. Many future challenges are then discussed.
Familial Mediterranean fever : MEFV gene mutations and treatment (2007)

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive disease which predominantly affects certain ethnic groups mainly Sephardic Jews, Turks, Arabs and Armenians. FMF has been rarely reported in Japan. Characteristic symptoms include self-limited recurrent attacks of fever with serositis such as peritonitis, pleuritis, and arthritis. The most serious complications of FMF are secondary AA amyloidosis and subsequent chronic renal failure. FMF is caused by mutations in MEFV gene which encodes a protein called pyrin. Pyrin regulates processing of IL-1beta, NF-kappaB activation and apoptosis. Dysregulated function of pyrin results in excessive production of proinflammatory cytokine thereby evoking inflammatory attacks. The mainstay of treatment is colchicine which is effective for both relieving symptoms and preventing secondary amyloidosis.
Prostaglandin D2 enhances interleukin ‐1β‐induced cyclooxygenase‐2 expression in osteoarthritic cartilage (2011)

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) on interleukin‐1β (IL‐1beta)‐induced cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2 expression in human cartilage and the signalling pathways involved in these effects. METHODS chondrocytes were stimulated with IL‐1 in the presence or absence of PGD2, and expression of COX‐2 protein was evaluated by western‐blotting. Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was analyzed by real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction. The role of the PGD2 receptors D prostanoid receptor 1 (DP1) and chemoattractant receptor‐like molecule expressed on Th2 cells (CRTH2) was evaluated using specific agonists. RESULTS PGD2 increased in a dose‐dependent manner IL‐1‐induced COX‐2 protein and mRNA expression. DP1 and CRTH2 were expressed and functional in chondrocytes. The effect of PGD2 was mimicked by DK‐PGD2 and Indomethacin, selective agonists of CRTH2, but not by BW245C, a selective agonist of DP1. Furthermore, treatment with an anti‐CRTH2 antibody reversed the effect of PGD2, indicating that the stimulatory effect of PGD2 is mediated by CRTH2. Activation of CRTH2 is consistent with the activation of a receptor coupled to a phosphoinositide‐specific phospholipase, suggesting that the effect of PGD2 is mediated by the CRTH2/PIP2/PKC. CONCLUSION PGD2 stimulates IL‐1‐induced production of COX‐2 by chondrocytes through the CRTH2/PIP2/PKC signalling pathway.
Effect of Utilizing More Than 20-Year Older Deceased Donor Kidneys for Young Recipients: An Analysis of the UK Registry (2021)

Our analysis showed that allografts from ≥20-year-older deceased donors are beneficial and should be considered for transplant in younger recipients. Allograft survival may be worse compared with survival with younger allografts; however, young recipients do potentially better and survive longer compared with remaining on dialysis.