gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigations of the Vertical Transmission of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in Laying Hens (2006)

Erysipelas was diagnosed in a layer breeder flock in Sweden in 2002. Although vertical transmission of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae has not been previously described in chickens, the potential of erysipelas infection to adversely affect hatching eggs was of concern. To clarify the possible impact of erysipelas on hatching eggs and their progeny, an experiment was done using 200 hatching eggs collected from the infected flock. The eggs were incubated for 21 days, and the egg shells, infertile eggs, dead-in-shell embryos, and a sample of day-old hatched chicks and blood samples from 5-day-old chicks were cultured for E. rhusiopathiae. In addition, after 28 days of grow-out, the male chickens were euthanatized and cultured for the bacterium, and the remaining female chickens were placed as a backyard flock and observed over a 4-mo period. Bacteriological test results of the above-mentioned samples were negative for E. rhusiopathiae. Mortality rates were not excessive, and no clinical symptoms of erysipelas were observed during the period of observation. The result of the investigation suggests that in layer breeder chickens, E. rhusiopathiae is not vertically or egg transmitted and that the disease outbreak in the parent stock had no adverse impact on the quality of hatching eggs in terms of increased embryo mortality.
Surface Chemistry, Passivation, and Electrode Performance in Core–Shell Architectures of LiCoO2 Nanoplates (2019)

Core–shell structures offer opportunities to overcome challenges to the durability of Li-ion batteries with high energy density due to instability at the cathode/electrolyte interface. Achieving complete stability requires fundamental understanding of the role of the shell in providing passivation without compromising carrier transport, by tuning surface chemistry and structural features in a highly conformal barrier layer. Here, individual LiCoO2 nanoplates were employed as the core, and passivating shells were grown at a tailored thickness and composition, through different Al loadings and annealing temperatures. Depending on the annealing conditions, the sub-5 nm shells were shown to vary from amorphous aluminum oxide layers to LiAlxCo1–xO2 gradients, resulting in an Al-rich outer layer on a Co-rich core. This control revealed the differing balance between effective minimization of redox-active Co3+ at the surface and transport properties of the two types of shell. Based on correlations with electrode performance, the requirements in thickness of the layers were proposed to critically depend on their chemical composition, with epitaxial shells based on surface substitution being favored. The outcomes of the study simultaneously advance the ability to assemble complex oxides into heterostructures and refine the rules of design for tunable passivation through a barrier layer, so as to maximize electrode properties in practical batteries.
Tension pneumothorax--time for a re-think? (2004)

This review examines the present understanding of tension pneumothorax and produces recommendations for improving the diagnostic and treatment decision process.
Structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Phe-tRNA synthetase reveals ligand binding and two-stage tRNA recognition (2020)

Abstract Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis , responsible for ~1.5 million fatalities in 2018, is the deadliest infectious disease. Global spread of multidrug resistant TB is a public health threat. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are plausible candidates as potential targets because they play pivotal roles in translating the DNA code into protein sequence by attaching specific amino acid to their cognate tRNAs. One of the best characterized synthetases is specific for L-Phe and tRNA Phe . Here we report structures of M. tuberculosis Phe-tRNA synthetase complexed with precursor tRNA and either phenylalanine or a phenylalanine adenylate analog, 5′-O-(N-phenylalanyl)sulfamoyl-adenosine. Crystallographic models for the first time reveal two modes of interaction with tRNA: an initial recognition via the anticodon loop and stem only and productive binding with interaction of the 3’ end of tRNA Phe with the adenylate site. We biochemically characterize the enzyme and provide the highest resolution, most complete view of the Phe-tRNA synthetase/tRNA Phe system to date.
Retinal arteriolar emboli: epidemiology and risk of stroke (2002)

Retinal arteriolar emboli can be found in approximately 1% of adults more than 40 years of age. The frequency of retinal emboli increases with age and are more common in men than in women. Bilateral retinal emboli are rare, although multiple emboli in a single eye may be seen in up to one third of cases. Retinal emboli are associated with the presence of carotid artery plaque and stenosis, hypertension, cigarette smoking, and, possibly, diabetes. There are few prospective studies regarding the risk of stroke associated with retinal emboli. Available data suggest that retinal emboli in otherwise asymptomatic people are associated with a higher risk of stroke and stroke mortality, independent of conventional risk factors. Therefore, these patients are likely to benefit from a careful cardiovascular evaluation for risk stratification. Whether carotid ultrasound and other vascular imaging studies should be performed routinely for all patients with asymptomatic retinal emboli remains uncertain.
Uranium Carbide and Uranium-Metal Thermal Scattering Law Evaluations and Cross Sections [Slides] (2021)

New Uranium Carbide and Uranium Metal evaluations have been developed using the FLASSH platform. Ab initio LD/MD models converged electronic, magnetic, and dynamical properties and demonstrate good agreement with experimental data. Thermal scattering cross sections generate inelastic and elastic thermal neutron scattering libraries in FLASSH. New TSL evaluations occurred in the production of ENDF File 7 data for Uranium Carbide and Uranium Metal submitted to NNDC for ENDF/B-VIII.1 release.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in the Management of Crush Injuries (1996)

Hyperbaric Oxygen (HBO) therapy is advocated for the treatment of severe trauma of the limbs in association with surgery because of its effects on peripheral oxygen transport, muscular ischemic necrosis, compartment syndrome, and infection prevention. However, no controlled human trial had been performed until now to specify the role of HBO in the management of crush injuries. Thirty-six patients with crush injuries were assigned in a blinded randomized fashion, within 24 hours after surgery, to treatment with HBO (session of 100% O2 at 2.5 atmosphere absolute (ata) for 90 minutes, twice daily, over 6 days) or placebo (session of 21% O2 at 1.1 ata for 90 minutes, twice daily, over 6 days). All the patients received the same standard therapies (anticoagulant, antibiotics, wound dressings). Transcutaneous oxygen pressure (PtCO2) measurements were done before (patient breathing normal air) and during treatment (HBO or placebo) at the first, fourth, eighth, and twelfth sessions. The two groups (HBO group, n = 18; placebo group, n = 18) were similar in terms of age; risk factors; number, type or location of vascular injuries, neurologic injuries, or fractures; and type, location, or timing of surgical procedures. Complete healing was obtained for 17 patients in the HBO group vs. 10 patients in the placebo group (p < 0.01). New surgical procedures (such as skin flaps and grafts, vascular surgery, or even amputation) were performed on one patient in the HBO group vs. six patients in the placebo group (p < 0.05). Analysis of groups of patients matched for age and severity of injury showed that in the subgroup of patients older than 40 with grade III soft-tissue injury, wound healing was obtained for seven patients (87.5%) in the HBO group vs. three patients (30%) in the placebo group (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in the length of hospital stay and number of wound dressings between groups. For the patients with complete healing, the PtCO2 values of the traumatized limb, measured in normal air, rose significantly between the first and the twelfth sessions (p < 0.001). No significant change in PtCO2 value was found for the patients whose healing failed. The Bilateral Perfusion Index (BPI = PtCO2 of the injured limb/PtCO2 of the uninjured limb) at the first session increased significantly from 1 ata air to 2.5 ata O2 (p < 0.05). In patients with complete healing, the BPI was constantly greater than 0.9 to 2.5 ata O2 during the following sessions, whereas the BPI in air progressively rose between the first and the twelfth sessions (p < 0.05), reaching normal values at the end of the treatment. In conclusion, this study shows the effectiveness of HBO in improving wound healing and reducing repetitive surgery. We believe that HBO is a useful adjunct in the management of severe (grade III) crush injuries of the limbs in patients more than 40 years old.
An Energy-Efficient Clustering Algorithm Combined Game Theory and Dual-Cluster-Head Mechanism for WSNs (2019)

A novel energy-efficient clustering algorithm was proposed which aimed at improving the energy efficiency of WSNs via reducing and balancing energy consumption in this paper. The lemma concerning the dual-cluster-head mechanism which was designed to reduce the energy overhead during the process of rotation of Cluster Heads (CHs) was proposed and proven at first. In addition, a non-cooperative game model was presented with the purpose of balancing the energy consumption among the Cluster Heads. Besides, the Nash Equilibrium Point (NEP) of the game model was presented and the corresponding proof was provided. Subsequently, the Energy-efficient Clustering algorithm combined Game theory and Dual-cluster-head (ECGD) mechanism was detailed, which took the energy efficiency in both of the intra-cluster and inter-cluster communication into consideration. Finally, extensive experiments were conducted via simulation and the simulation results were compared with the existing Clustering strategies in terms of energy efficiency and network performance. The analyses of results have shown that the ECGD can improve energy efficiency and extend the network lifespan effectively.
Quantitation of the RNA Polymerase II Transcription Machinery in Yeast (2001)

TAP tags and dot blot analysis have been used to measure the amounts of RNA polymerase II transcription proteins in crude yeast extracts. The measurements showed comparable amounts of RNA polymerase II, TFIIE, and TFIIF, lower levels of TBP and TFIIB, and still lower levels of Mediator and TFIIH. These findings are consistent with the presumed roles of the transcription proteins, but do not support the idea of their recruitment in a single large complex to RNA polymerase II promoters. The approach employed here can be readily extended to quantitative analysis of the entire yeast proteome.
Unusual enzyme characteristics of aspartyl‐tRNA synthetase from hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus sp. KOD1 (1996)

The aspA gene, encoding the aspartyl-tRNA synthetase (AspRS) from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus sp. KOD1, was expressed in Escherichia coli. The KOD1 AspRS, which was purified to homogeneity and was shown to be functional in dimeric form, aminoacylated tRNA from KOD1. The optimum temperature for this activity was 65 degrees C, which was lower than that for the cell growth of KOD1 (85 degrees C). However, it increased to 75 degrees C by the addition of polyamine molecules, such as putrescine, spermine, and spermidine. Analysis of the thermal denaturations of the enzyme and of KOD1-tRNA indicated that neither of them was denatured at temperatures below 70 degrees C. These results suggest polyamine is one of the factors which are required to stabilize the AspRS-tRNA complex in vivo. In order to determine whether the nucleotide triphosphate (NTP) is required for Asp-tRNA synthesis, the aminoacylation was examined in the presence of each of the four NTPs. AspRS most effectively aminoacylated tRNA in the presence of ATP. However, we also found that the enzyme aminoacylated it even in the presence of GTP and UTP as well. Archaeon synthetase may have an interesting system to utilize other NTPs than ATP. The extreme conditions of early life may have given rise to these unique characteristics which then disappeared from developed organisms through evolution.
Contribution of potassium channels to action potential repolarization of human embryonic stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (2019)

I<sub>Kr</sub> , I<sub>Ks</sub> , I<sub>K1</sub> , and I<sub>Kur</sub> all play an essential role in the regulation of APD and CV in hESC-CMs. During time in culture, increased expression of I<sub>Kr</sub> and I<sub>K1</sub> helps to accelerate repolarization, shorten APD, and increase CV. We identified a new pro-arrhythmic parameter, positive APD dependence of ion channel block, which can increase APD and repolarization gradients.
Glycosyl ureides in ruminant nutrition (1982)

1. The fate of glucosyl urea (GU), lactosyl urea (LU) and corresponding mixtures of the free sugars and urea and their degradation products were examined during in vitro incubation of the compounds with rumen contents taken from donor sheep and steers at various stages of adaptation to these compounds. 2. The sugar-urea bond was virtually unattacked in rumen contents from unadapted sheep and steers but generally a slow release of the galactose moiety occurred. After feeding LU or GU to animals for a period of approximately 10 d, the rates of disappearance of both bound urea and sugar had increased, but were still markedly slower than those of the corresponding free sugars and urea. In vitro rates of degradation of both free lactose and urea also increased in response to the feeding of lactose and urea to rumen content donor animals. 3. Ammonia accumulation in rument contents when GU or LU were the substrates was notably lower than when equivalent amounts of glucose and urea or lactose and urea were the substrates. 4. Bacterial growth was estimated using an vitro method based on incorporation of 32P into bacterial nucleic acids. Markedly different patterns of bacterial growth were observed depending on whether LU or lactose and urea were the substrates.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Nuclear export inhibitor Selinexor enhances oncolytic myxoma virus therapy against cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Tumor burden of individual mouse received Colo205 cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Table 9 from Comprehensive Genome Methylation Analysis in Bladder Cancer: Identification and Validation of Novel Methylated Genes and Application of These as Urinary Tumor Markers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 70K&lt;/p&gt;
Ultrasonic Transducers for High Power Applications (2006)

No abstract available.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Reduced expression of Jak-1 and Tyk-2 proteins leads to interferon resistance in Hepatitis C virus replicon (2007)

This in vitro study provides evidence that altered expression of the Jak-Stat signaling proteins can cause IFN resistance using HCV replicon cell clones.
Extent of N‐terminal modifications in cytosolic proteins from eukaryotes (2008)

Most proteins in all organisms undergo crucial N-terminal modifications involving N-terminal methionine excision, N-alpha-acetylation or N-myristoylation (N-Myr), or S-palmitoylation. We investigated the occurrence of these poorly annotated but essential modifications in proteomes, focusing on eukaryotes. Experimental data for the N-terminal sequences of animal, fungi, and archaeal proteins, were used to build dedicated predictive modules in a new software. In vitro N-Myr experiments were performed with both plant and animal N-myristoyltransferases, for accurate prediction of the modification. N-terminal modifications from the fully sequenced genome of Arabidopsis thaliana were determined by MS. We identified 105 new modified protein N-termini, which were used to check the accuracy of predictive data. An accuracy of more than 95% was achieved, demonstrating (i) overall conservation of the specificity of the modification machinery in higher eukaryotes and (ii) robustness of the prediction tool. Predictions were made for various proteomes. Proteins that had undergone both N-terminal methionine (Met) cleavage and N-acetylation were found to be strongly overrepresented among the most abundant proteins, in contrast to those retaining their genuine unblocked Met. Here we propose that the nature of the second residue of an ORF is a key marker of the abundance of the mature protein in eukaryotes.
Superconducting Cold-Electron Bolometers with JFET Readout for OLIMPO Balloon Telescope (2006)

The OLIMPO experiment is a 2.6 m balloon-borne telescope, aimed at measuring the Sunyaev- Zeldovich effect in clusters of Galaxies. OLIMPO will carry out surveys in four frequency bands centered at 140, 220, 410 and 540 GHz. The detector system consists of four bolometer arrays and incorporates new detector technologies that are potential candidates for future space missions. One of these technologies is the Capacitively Coupled Cold-Electron Bolometer (CEB) with JFET readout. The JFET readout coupled to semiconductor-based high-impedence bolometers has been developed already for the BOOMERanG and Planck-HFI experiments. The CEB is a planar antenna-coupled superconductong detector with high sensitivity and high dynamic range. Here, we discuss a scheme to match the relatively moderate dynamic resistance of CEB (~1kOhm) to the high noise equivalent resistance of JFET (1 MΩ). To achieve noise matching with JFET, a Cold-Electron Bolometer with a weak Superconducting Absorber (SCEB) has been proposed. In voltage-biased mode with voltage higher than (Delta 1-Delta 2) the IV of SIS' junctions has considerably increased dynamic resistance up to the level of Rj = 1000*Rn. Electron cooling will be still very effective for the incoming power. Simulations show that photon noise level can be achieved at 300 mK for a structure with Ti absorber and Al/Ti tunnel junctions for all frequency ranges with the estimated in-flight optical power load for OLIMPO.
The scenario of software asset management (SAM) in large and midsize companies (2018)

The implementation of processes and tools of Software Asset Management (SAM) has become an action agenda for Information Technology (IT) managers. Then this study aims to investigate the scenario for the implementation of SAM in large and midsize companies of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. As methodology, a literature review was performed which founded the creation of an online questionnaire applied to 53 Chief Information Officers (CIOs). Based on the result of this research, it was possible to identify the knowledge of managers pertinent to the concept of SAM, and the fact that the majority of the investigated companies are in stages 1 and 2 of the development of the tiers of SAM proposed by the ISO / IEC 19770 standard. As contribution, it is expected to elucidate the recognition of SAM as a relevant factor to be used in the IT area, aiming at the search for solutions that increase productivity and optimize the costs and investments in companies.
Combined Inhibition of Akt and mTOR Is Effective Against Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas (2021)

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) are a diverse group of hematological malignancies comprised of over 60 subtypes. These subtypes range from indolent to aggressive. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway has been shown to contribute to cell survival and proliferation and is constitutively active in most NHL. MK-7075 (miransertib) and MK-4440 are small molecules that effectively inhibit Akt and have entered clinical development. Using <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models of NHL, we explored targeting the kinase Akt with miransertib and MK-4440 alone or in combination with the mTORC1 inhibitor, rapamycin (sirolimus). Both Akt inhibitors inhibited the pathway and NHL proliferation in a subtype-dependent manner. However, these compounds had a minimal effect on the viability of primary B-cells. Importantly, the combination of miransertib and sirolimus synergistically reduced cell proliferation in NHL, including in one indolent subtype, e.g., follicular lymphoma (FL), and two aggressive subtypes, e.g., diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). To establish <i>in vivo</i> efficacy, we used several xenograft models of FL, DLBCL, and PEL. The results obtained <i>in vivo</i> were consistent with the <i>in vitro</i> studies. The FL xenograft was highly sensitive to the inhibition of Akt alone; however, the tumor burden of PEL xenografts was only significantly reduced when both Akt and mTORC1 were targeted. These data suggest that targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway with Akt inhibitors such as miransertib in combination with mTOR inhibitors serves as a broadly applicable therapeutic in NHL.
Sensitivity Analysis of High-Dimensional Models with Correlated Inputs (2023)

Sensitivity analysis is an important tool used in many domains of computational science to either gain insight into the mathematical model and interaction of its parameters or study the uncertainty propagation through the input-output interactions. In many applications, the inputs are stochastically dependent, which violates one of the essential assumptions in the state-of-the-art sensitivity analysis methods. Consequently, the results obtained ignoring the correlations provide values which do not reflect the true contributions of the input parameters. This study proposes an approach to address the parameter correlations using a polynomial chaos expansion method and Rosenblatt and Cholesky transformations to reflect the parameter dependencies. Treatment of the correlated variables is discussed in context of variance and derivative-based sensitivity analysis. We demonstrate that the sensitivity of the correlated parameters can not only differ in magnitude, but even the sign of the derivative-based index can be inverted, thus significantly altering the model behavior compared to the prediction of the analysis disregarding the correlations. Numerous experiments are conducted using workflow automation tools within the VECMA toolkit.
Effect of Formation Temperature and Roughness on Surface Potential of Octadecyltrichlorosilane Self-Assembled Monolayer on Silicon Surfaces (2007)

Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) are employed to probe the surface potential and topography of octadecyltrichlorosilane [OTS, CH3(CH2)17SiCl3] self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on oxidized Si(100) and polycrystalline silicon surfaces as a function of deposition temperature and substrate roughness with particular attention paid to the monitoring of SAM adsorption on highly rough surfaces. In these studies, it is found that the surface potential magnitude of the adsorbed layer is larger for monolayers formed in the liquid-condensed (LC) phase than for those formed in the liquid-expanded (LE) phase. Experiments on individual islands in the LC phase show that surface potential and monolayer thickness increase with increasing island size; islands larger than about 1.5 microm reach maximum potential and height values of 48+/-4 mV and 2.7+/-0.1 nm, with respect to the underlying oxidized surface. It is also shown that KPFM is suitable for the study of monolayer adsorption on polycrystalline surfaces, for which preexisting surface texture makes the use of traditional scanning probe techniques for molecular recognition difficult. In these scenarios it is shown that OTS growth occurs preferentially along grain boundaries in fingerlike patterns having a molecular arrangement comparable to that of LC phase islands on atomically smooth silicon. These findings indicate that surface potential measurements provide a highly accurate, local means of probing monolayer morphology on rough surfaces encountered in many applications.