gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ethosuximide inhibits acute histamine- and chloroquine-induced scratching behavior in mice (2021)

We have recently reported that the Cav3.2 T-type calcium channel which is well known for its key role in pain signalling, also mediates a critical function in the transmission of itch/pruritus. Here, we evaluated the effect of the clinically used anti-seizure medication ethosuximide, a well known inhibitor of T-type calcium channels, on male and female mice subjected to histaminergic- and non-histaminergic itch. When delivered intraperitoneally ethosuximide significantly reduced scratching behavior of mice of both sexes in response to subcutaneous injection of either histamine or chloroquine. When co-delivered subcutaneously together with either pruritogenic agent ethosuximide was also effective in inhibiting scratching responses in both male and female animals. Overall, our results are consistent with an important role of Cav3.2 T-type calcium channels in modulating histamine-dependent and histamine-independent itch transmission in the primary sensory pathway. Our findings also suggest that ethosuximide could be explored further as a possible therapeutic for the treatment of itch.
Result Pattern Hiding Searchable Encryption for Conjunctive Queries. (2018)

The recently proposed Oblivious Cross-Tags (OXT) protocol (CRYPTO 2013) has broken new ground in designing efficient searchable symmetric encryption (SSE) protocol with support for conjunctive keyword search in a single-writer single-reader framework. While the OXT protocol offers high performance by adopting a number of specialised data-structures, it also trades-off security by leaking 'partial' database information to the server. Recent attacks have exploited similar partial information leakage to breach database confidentiality. Consequently, it is an open problem to design SSE protocols that plug such leakages while retaining similar efficiency. In this paper, we propose a new SSE protocol, called Hidden Cross-Tags (HXT), that removes 'Keyword Pair Result Pattern' (KPRP) leakage for conjunctive keyword search. We avoid this leakage by adopting two additional cryptographic primitives - Hidden Vector Encryption (HVE) and probabilistic (Bloom filter) indexing into the HXT protocol. We propose a 'lightweight' HVE scheme that only uses efficient symmetric-key building blocks, and entirely avoids elliptic curve-based operations. At the same time, it affords selective simulation-security against an unbounded number of secret-key queries. Adopting this efficient HVE scheme, the overall practical storage and computational overheads of HXT over OXT are relatively small (no more than 10% for two keywords query, and 21% for six keywords query), while providing a higher level of security.
Critical Heat Capacities of Two-Dimensional Ising-Like Antiferromagnets K2CoF4 and Rb2CoF4 (1976)

Precise measurement of the specific heat of two-dimensional Ising-like antiferromagnets K 2 CoF 4 and Rb 2 CoF 4 near the transition temperature are reported. A symmetric logarithmic singularity is observed at the transition temperature in both materials. The result is in excellent agreement with Onsager's solution for the two-dimensional Ising model. Further, to clarify the short-range order effect in the two-dimensional Ising-like system, temperature variation of magnetic specific heat of K 2 CoF 4 is also examined over a wide temperature range.
Molecular characterization of alfalfa cryptic virus 1 (1990)

Alfalfa cryptic virus 1 (ACV1) was purified from alfalfa plant clone (Medicago sativa) and characterized. The genome of ACV 1 consists of two dsRNAs, one with an estimated Mr of 1·27 × 106 (RNA 1) and the other of Mr 1·17 × 106 (RNA 2); the virus capsid is built from one polypeptide of estimated Mr 54000. An RNA- dependent RNA polymerase able to replicate the genomic RNAs in vitro is associated with purified virus particles. In vitro translation showed that each of the genomic RNAs encodes a polypeptide and that encoded by RNA 2 is the capsid protein. These polypeptides account for about 95 % and 83 % of the coding capacity of RNA 1 and RNA 2, respectively. In Western and Northern blot experiments close affinity was found between ACV 1 and hop trefoil cryptic virus 1, a cryptovirus found in Medicago lupulina. No affinity was detected with any other cryptovirus tested.
The Cytoplasmic Tyrosine Kinase Pyk2 as a Novel Effector of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 Activation (2004)

Activating mutations within fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3), a receptor tyrosine kinase, are responsible for human skeletal dysplasias including achondroplasia and the neonatal lethal syndromes thanatophoric dysplasia types I and II. Several of these same FGFR3 mutations have also been identified somatically in human cancers, including multiple myeloma, bladder carcinoma, and cervical cancer. The molecular pathways exploited by FGFR3 to stimulate abnormal proliferation during neoplasia are unclear. The nonreceptor protein-tyrosine kinase Pyk2 (proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2) has been shown previously to regulate apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells. Here we describe a novel interaction between FGFR3 and Pyk2, mediated by the juxtamembrane domain of FGFR3 and the kinase domain of Pyk2. Within the FGFR family, Pyk2 also interacted significantly with FGFR2. Overexpression of Pyk2 alone led to its spontaneous activation and tyrosine phosphorylation, resulting in activation of Stat5B, indicated by the reporter GFP-Stat5B. These effects were completely dependent upon Tyr(402), the autophosphorylation site of Pyk2, which allows recruitment of Src family members for further activating phosphorylations at other sites on Pyk2. In the presence of activated FGFR3, the activation of Pyk2 itself became independent of Tyr(402), indicating that FGFR3 activation circumvents the requirement for c-Src recruitment at Tyr(402) of Pyk2. We also examined the role of the tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 in antagonizing Pyk2 activation. Taken together, these results suggest that signaling pathways regulated by FGFR3 may converge with Pyk2-dependent pathways to provide maximal activation of Stat5B.
Mechanical Characteristics and Preparation of Carbon Nanotube Fiber-Reinforced Ti Composite (2000)

Carbon nanotubes, a kind of high order fullerenes, offers remarkable electronic as well as mechanical properties, e.g., an extremely high Young’s modulus of TPa order has been reported. This suggests the suitability of carbon nanotubes as novel fiber materials for metal matrix composites. The authors demonstrate that Ti/ nanotube composites show a large increase in hardness and Young’s modulus as compared to pure Ti. This makes the composite an attractive advanced material for future applications.
Bronchial artery embolisation can be equally safe and effective in the management of chronic recurrent haemoptysis. (2008)

Bronchial artery embolisation was noted to be effective and safe in both acute major and chronic recurrent haemoptysis.
Myricetin Reduces Toxic Level of CAG Repeats RNA in Huntington’s Disease (HD) and Spino Cerebellar Ataxia (SCAs) (2017)

Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is caused by abnormal expansion of CAG repeats in the HTT gene. The transcribed mutant RNA contains expanded CAG repeats that translate into a mutant huntingtin protein. This expanded CAG repeat also causes mis-splicing of pre-mRNA due to sequestration of muscle blind like-1 splicing factor (MBNL1), and thus both of these elicit the pathogenesis of HD. Targeting the onset as well as progression of HD by small molecules could be a potent therapeutic approach. We have screened a set of small molecules to target this transcript and found Myricetin, a flavonoid, as a lead molecule that interacts with the CAG motif and thus prevents the translation of mutant huntingtin protein as well as sequestration of MBNL1. Here, we report the first solution structure of the complex formed between Myricetin and RNA containing the 5'CAG/3'GAC motif. Myricetin interacts with this RNA via base stacking at the AA mismatch. Moreover, Myricetin was also found reducing the proteo-toxicity generated due to the aggregation of polyglutamine, and further, its supplementation also improves neurobehavioral deficits in the HD mouse model. Our study provides the structural and mechanistic basis of Myricetin as an effective therapeutic candidate for HD and other polyQ related disorders.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Synthesis of Fluoro Bicyclic Compounds with Fluorine. (1988)

Abstract Elemental fluorine reacts with bicyclic compounds such as (I) and (IV) under electrophilic substitution of tertiary hydrogens to give the fluorinated derivatives (II) and (III) or (V) and (VI).
Spotty Calcification Typifies the Culprit Plaque in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction (2004)

Background— Calcification is a common finding in human coronary arteries; however, the relationship between calcification patterns, plaque morphology, and patterns of remodeling of culprit lesions in a comparison of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and those with stable conditions has not been documented. Methods and Results— Preinterventional intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images of 178 patients were studied, 61 with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 70 with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 47 with stable angina pectoris (SAP). The frequency of calcium deposits within an arc of less than 90° for all calcium deposits was significantly different in culprit lesions of patients with AMI, UAP, and SAP ( P &lt;0.0001). Moreover, the average number of calcium deposits within an arc of &lt;90° per patient was significantly higher in AMI than in SAP ( P &lt;0.0005; mean±SD, AMI 1.4±1.3, SAP 0.5±0.8). Conversely, calcium deposits were significantly longer in SAP patients ( P &lt;0.0001; mean±SD, AMI 2.2±1.6, UAP 1.9±1.8, and SAP 4.3±3.2 mm). In AMI patients, the typical pattern was spotty calcification, associated with a fibrofatty plaque and positive remodeling. In ACS patients showing negative remodeling, no calcification was the most frequent observation. Conversely, SAP patients had the highest frequency of extensive calcification. Conclusions— Our observations show that IVUS allows the identification of vulnerable plaques in coronary arteries, not only by identifying a fibrofatty plaque and positive remodeling, but also by identifying a spotty pattern of calcification.
SLA: A Stage-Level Latency Analysisfor Real-Time Communicationin a Pipelined Resource Model (2014)

We present a communication analysis for hard real-time systems interconnects. The objective is to provide tight estimates on the worst-case communication latency between communicating processing elements that use a priority-aware communication medium for data transmission. The communication model consists of communication tasks transmitting data across a series of pipelined resources. The analysis incorporates interferences caused by multiple communication tasks requesting the pipelined resources, and it captures parallel transmission of data between multiple pipeline stages. We call this analysis a stage-level analysis. We evaluate the proposed analysis through simulation of synthetic benchmarks, and we apply the analysis to an instantiation of a platform proposed by Shi and Burns. Our experiments confirm that stage-level analysis provides tight upper-bounds when compared to previous work and improves schedulability by 34 percent.
Monitoring Mage Vaccination. Insights Into Mechanisms of Tumor Regression (2005)

s: Abstracts for the 20th Annual Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Biological Therapy of Cancer (Primary Authors are Italicized): TURNING IMMUNIZATION INTO TUMOR REGRESSION: OBSTACLES AND STRATEGIES
Combined treatment with Ad‐hTRAIL and DTIC or SAHA is associated with increased mitochondrial‐mediated apoptosis in human melanoma cell lines (2007)

Administration of Ad-hTRAIL in combination with DTIC or SAHA enhances apoptosis in human melanoma cell lines, and suggests that the therapeutic potential of such treatment strategies should be further evaluated for possible clinical use.
Lysosomal cathepsin proteases are regulated by proinflammatory cytokines in human β-cell models (2018)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Figure S8 from Fc-Optimized Anti-CCR8 Antibody Depletes Regulatory T Cells in Human Tumor Models (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S8 shows binding and CD16 cross-linking characteristics of anti-human CCR8 antibodies&lt;/p&gt;
Detection of immunoglobulin M antibody in primary human immunodeficiency virus infection (1988)

Consecutive serum samples obtained from 20 homosexual men during symptomatic primary HIV infection were examined by a variety of IgG and IgM antibody assays. All sera obtained 2-5 weeks after onset of disease contained IgM anti-HIV as demonstrated by an IgM antibody capture assay. The IgM antibodies appeared during the 2 first weeks of illness, reached peak titres at 2-5 weeks and declined thereafter to undetectable levels at 2-3 months after the onset of disease. By contrast, IgG anti-HIV appeared later, during the second week after the onset of symptoms, and did not reach maximal levels until the IgM response had waned. The first IgM antibodies to appear were directed against gag proteins. IgM antibodies against env antigens were found less frequently and later in the course of the disease. These results suggest that IgM antibody determination may be helpful in the diagnosis of early HIV infection as a possible addition to the combined use of antigen detection and a second generation ELISA, which, in the present study, was found to be highly reliable for diagnostic purposes.
Methods for Low Crosstalk and Wavelength Tunability in Arrayed-Waveguide Grating for On-Silicon Optical Network (2017)

Arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) are used to accomplish complex functionalities in dense wavelength division multiplexing networks, as well as in signal processing, measurement, characterization or sensing. In this work, we discuss the design and the experimental characterization of a 6 × 400 GHz channelspaced AWG to be used as wavelength multiplexer/demultiplexerin a silicon-on-insulator based optical transport network. We adopted a whiskered-shaped star coupler design to investigate how the reduction in the reflectivity of the free propagation region boundaries affects the overall performances of the AWG. We demonstrated 2.9 dB insertionloss, which does not include fiber coupling loss, and (-24.4 ± 0.1) dB crosstalk for a design realized with a single etching technique. Moreover, we demonstrated an efficient finetuning (7.5 nm/W) of the spectral position of the AWG output channels.
Laser microfabrication : thin film processes and lithography (1989)

Technology. Y.S. Liu, Sources, Optics, and Laser Microfabrication Systems for Direct Writing and Projection Lithography. Fundamentals. T.J. Chuang, Laser-Stimulated Molecular Processes on Surfaces. M. Rothschild, Spectroscopy and Photochemistry of Gases, Adsorbates, and Liquids. C.I.H. Ashby and J.Y. Tsao, Photophysics and Thermophysics of Light Absorption and Energy Transport in Solids. H.J. Zeiger, D.J. Ehrlich, and J.Y. Tsao, Transport and Kinetics. Reactions. J.J. Ritsko, Laser Etching. R.L. Jackson, T.H. Baum, T.T. Kodas, D.J. Ehrlich, and P.B. Comita, Laser Deposition: Energetics and Chemical Kinetics. J. Haigh and M.R. Aylett, Laser Deposition: Experimental Approaches. S.J.C. Irvine, Epitaxy. I.W. Boyd, Doping and Oxidation. Index.
The Envelope Theorem and Payoff Equivalence (2004)

Mechanisms are defined very generally and can take a wide variety of forms. The sheer size and variety of the set of mechanisms would seem to make it hard to use in an economic analysis. Yet such uses are now routine, largely following the pattern set in the early analyses by Myerson (1981) and Holmstrom (1979).
Phosphorylation of Soybean Nodulin 26 on Serine 262 Enhances Water Permeability and Is Regulated Developmentally and by Osmotic Signals (2003)

Soybean nodulin 26 is expressed and targeted to the symbiosome membrane of nitrogen-fixing nodules, where it forms an aquaporin channel with a modest water transport rate. In this study, we show that the phosphorylation of nodulin 26 on Ser-262, which is catalyzed by a symbiosome membrane-associated calcium-dependent protein kinase, stimulates its intrinsic water transport rate. Furthermore, using a phosphospecific antibody, we have elucidated the developmental appearance and regulation of nodulin 26 phosphorylation in vivo. Although nodulin 26 protein is detected first in differentiating infected cells (16 days), phosphorylated nodulin 26 does not become pronounced until infected cell maturation (25 days). Phosphorylation is sustained at steady state levels until entry into senescence. Nodulin 26 phosphorylation is enhanced further by osmotic stresses (water deprivation and salinity). Thus, the phosphorylation of nodulin 26 coincides with the establishment of mature nitrogen-fixing symbiosomes, is regulated by osmotic stresses that induce calcium-signaling pathways, and appears to be part of the adaptive responses of infected cells to osmotic challenge.
Molecular and solid-state (8-hydroxy-quinoline)aluminum interaction with magnesium: A first-principles study (2005)

The interaction between Mg and (8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum, Alq3, is investigated via ab initio molecular dynamics based on density-functional theory. We model the Alq3 thin film both with a single Alq3 molecule in vacuo (as is usually done in the literature) and with an Alq3 crystalline structure. Comparing the results from these two models, we show that bulk calculations provide a better description of the chemical processes involved, allowing the Mg atom to react with two neighboring Alq3 molecules, as was alluded to in a previous publication [S. Meloni, A. Palma, A. Kahn, J. Schwartz, and R. Car, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125, 7808 (2003)]. Moreover, core-level shift calculations are in good agreement with experimental measurements only when using the solid phase approach. We also propose a different interpretation of the Al(2p) experimental core level presented in a previous work [C. Shen, A. Kahn, and J. Schwartz, J. Appl. Phys. 89, 449 (2001)].
Effect of simvastatin on the pharmacokinetics of anastrozole (2009)

1517 Background: When used in the adjuvant setting, aromatase inhibitors (AIs) reduce the incidence of contralateral breast cancer and are therefore under investigation for primary breast cancer prevention. Statins hold promise for chemoprevention based on preclinical and epidemiological data. Adding statin to AI has the potential to enhance breast cancer prevention and to protect women from AI-related side effects. Prior to initiating a chemoprevention trial of combination therapy, we evaluated the potential for pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction between anastrozole and simvastatin in postmenopausal women taking adjuvant anastrozole to ensure that the combination will not influence anastrozole concentration or affect its ability to reduce estrogen. Methods: Postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive, stage 0-III breast cancer who had been on adjuvant anastrozole (1 mg/day) for at least 30 days were prescribed 14 days of simvastatin (40 mg/day). We collected serum at baseline (anastrozole alone) and after 14 days of simvastatin initiation (combination therapy). Anastrozole and hydroxyanastrozole, its hydroxylated metabolite, concentrations were determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay. Estrogen concentrations will be determined using radio-immunoassay. Significant change in anastrozole was predetermined to be greater than a 30% decrease in concentrations. Percent changes from baseline in anastrozole and hydroxyanastrozole were evaluated using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Results: From December 2006 to September 2008, 11 women (10 Caucasian, 1 Black, all reported non-Hispanic with a mean age of 60 yrs [range 51–69]) were enrolled in the study. Of these women, nine had evaluable anastrozole concentrations. After 14 days of simvastatin, there were nonsignificant changes in anastrozole (median percentage difference = 10.1% [-13.5%, 38.4%], p = 0.36) and hydroxyanastrozole (median percentage difference = -3.0% [-19.1%, 11.2%], p = 0.65). Estrogen data will be available for presentation. Conclusions: Simvastatin is unlikely to alter the pharmacokinetics of anastrozole in a clinically meaningful way. Combination studies to assess chemopreventive properties of the combination are planned. [Table: see text]
Modified Flory–Rehner Theory Describes Thermotropic Swelling Transition of Smart Copolymer Microgels (2022)

In the present article, we use an improved Flory-Rehner theory to describe the swelling behavior of copolymer microgels, where the interaction parameter is modeled by a Hill-like equation for a cooperative thermotropic transition. This description leads to very good fits of the swelling curves of the copolymer microgels at different comonomer contents (30 mol%, 50 mol% and 70 mol%) obtained by photon correlation spectroscopy. Fixed parameters, which are universally applicable for the respective monomers given in our previous work, are used to fit the swelling curves. The analysis of the swelling curves yields physically reasonable and meaningful results for the remaining adjustable parameters. The comonomer content of the statistical copolymer microgels poly(NNPAM-co-NIPAM), poly(NIPAM-co-NIPMAM) and poly(NIPMAM-co-NNPAM) is determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and is in agreement with the nominal comonomer feed used in the synthesis. To investigate the volume phase transition at a molecular level, swelling curves are also measured by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy. The obtained swelling curves are also fitted using the Hill-like model. The fits provide physically reasonable parameters too, consistent with the results from photon correlation spectroscopy.
Bovine immune response to African trypanosomes: specific antibodies to variable surface glycoproteins of Trypanosoma brucei (1981)

Cattle were infected with two different clones of Trypanosoma brucei (MITat 1.2 and ILTat 1.3) and antibody response was followed by radioimmunoassay. In four of the seven animals there were at least two peaks of antibody activity to the infecting clones, with the second peak much higher than the first. Specific antibodies (IgG1 and IgM but not IgG2) were eluted from the immunoabsorbent columns on which the variant surface glycoproteins (VSGs) were coupled. By neutralization of infectivity tests, IgM antibodies from the first peak of antibody activity were more efficient in neutralizing trypanosomes than IgG1 but the reverse was true of the antibodies isolated from the second peak. By absorption with multiple variable antigen types isolated during the course of infection, all the IgM and IgG1 in the first 3 weeks of infection were shown to be specific. It is suggested that polyclonal B cell stimulation leading to dysfunction in the control of IgM and IgG production may not be responsible for the high levels of these immunoglobulins in bovine trypanosomiasis.
Enhanced DP Finishing of Cotton with Dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea and a Metal Acrylate-Type Monomer (1978)

Simultaneous finishing of cotton with dimethyloldihydroxy ethyleneurea (DMDHEU) and a polymerizable zinc monomer is described. Durable press performance plus above normal retentions of strength and abrasion resistance resulted from combinations of DMDHEU with zinc salts of acry lic, methacrylic. and itaconic acids. Improvements in release of oily soil ranged from small to large, compared to conventional durable press cotton fabrics. Antibactorial per formance of the zinc-containing cotton was superior to that of cotton crosslinked with DMDHEU. Hydrophilic char acteristics showed diverse changes; moisture regain and water of imbibition increased but rates of drop absorbency and wicking decreased. The nature of the finish is discussed.