gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of ZM16 10 (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DSM 25840) as a feed additive for sows in order to have benefits in piglets, sows for reproduction, piglets (suckling and weaned), pigs for fattening and minor porcine species (2019)

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Additives and products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of ZM16 10 for all pigs. The additive is a preparation containing viable spores of a strain of <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> intended for use in feed at the proposed dose of 5 × 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/kg complete feedingstuffs and in water for drinking at 1.7 × 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/L. The additive exists in two forms, ZM16 and ZM16 10, and has been previously characterised by the FEEDAP Panel. <i>B</i>. <i>amyloliquefaciens</i> is considered by EFSA to be suitable for the qualified presumption of safety (QPS) approach to establishing safety. The active agent fulfils the requirements and consequently, the additive was presumed safe for the target animals, consumers of products from treated animals and the environment. Given the proteinaceous nature of the active agent, the additive should be considered a potential respiratory sensitiser. In the absence of data, the FEEDAP Panel cannot conclude on the irritancy potential of the additive to skin and eyes or its dermal sensitisation. The data made available by the applicant allowed the Panel to conclude that the additive, in either form, has a potential to be efficacious as a zootechnical additive when added to feed for piglets (suckling and weaned), pigs for fattening and sows at 5 × 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/kg (corresponding to 1.7 × 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/L). The conclusions on the efficacy were extrapolated to all Suidae species.
Sensitivity of elastic-wave velocities to stress changes in sandstones (2005)

The drilling of wells and production of hydrocarbons lead to changes in the stresses acting on the reservoir and surrounding rocks, and these changes in stress may lead to problems such as wellbore instability, sanding, loss of permeability, reservoir compaction, casing deformation, surface subsidence, etc. Elastic-wave velocities in sandstones are sensitive to changes in stress due to the presence of grain boundaries and microcracks within the rock. This paper shows how changes in elastic-wave velocities can be used to monitor the changes in stress that occur, and a method for predicting the velocity changes due to a given change in stress is illustrated using the example of a borehole drilled into a sandstone reservoir.
Sex-related discrepancies in the epidemiology, injury characteristics and outcomes after acute spine trauma: A retrospective cohort study (2019)

<b>Context/Objective:</b> The potential effects of sex on injury severity and outcomes after acute spine trauma (AST) have been reported in pre-clinical and clinical studies, even though the data are conflicting. This study compared females and males regarding the epidemiology, injury characteristics, and clinical outcomes of AST. <b>Design:</b> Retrospective cohort study. <b>Setting:</b> Acute spine care quaternary center. <b>Participants:</b> All consecutive cases of AST admitted from January/1996 to December/2007 were included. <b>Interventions:</b> None. <b>Outcome Measures:</b> The potential effects of sex on the epidemiology, injury characteristics, and clinical outcomes of AST were studied. <b>Results:</b> There were 504 individuals with AST (161 females, 343 males; mean age of 49.44 ± 0.92 years). Sex was not associated with age or pre-existing co-morbidities as assessed using the Charlson Co-morbidity Index, however, females had a greater number of International Classiﬁcations of Diseases (ICD) codes at admission and higher Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS) than males. Over the 12-year period, the male-to-female ratio has not significantly changed. Although there were significant sex-related discrepancies regarding injury etiology, level and severity of AST, males and females had similar lengths of stay in the acute spine center, in-hospital survival post-AST, and need for mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study suggests that females with AST present with a greater number of pre-existing co-morbidities, a higher frequency of thoraco-lumbar trauma, less severe neurological impairment and a greater proportion of MVA-related injuries. However, females and males have a similar length of stay in the acute spine center, and comparable in-hospital survival, need for mechanical ventilation, and tracheostomy after AST.
Neurological disorders, a public health approach. 3.9 Stroke (2006)

In the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th, brain research belonged to many different areas that differed in methodology and targets: the morphological, the physiological and the psychological.The latter used to consider the brain as a black box where only the input and output were known but not at all the neuronal components and the way they interact with each other.At the beginning of the third millennium, due to prolonged ageing, neurodevelopmental disorders are growing and a much deeper knowledge of the brain is necessary.Scientifi c and technological research, from molecular to behavioural levels, have been carried out in many different places but they have not been developed in a really interdisciplinary way.Research should be based on the convergence of different interconnected scientifi c sectors, not in isolation, as was the case in the past.As this report demonstrates, the burden of neurological disorders is reaching a signifi cant proportion in countries with a growing percentage of the population over 65 years old.With this report go my best wishes that it be disseminated worldwide and that it receive the deserved attention of the Global Health Community in all the countries of the world.
Diagnostic Criteria for the Classification of Cancer-Associated Weight Loss (2014)

A robust grading system incorporating the independent prognostic significance of both BMI and %WL was developed.
13C‐methacetin breath test for monitoring hepatic function in cirrhotic patients before and after liver transplantation (2003)

The 13C-methacetin breath test is a simple and potentially useful tool for monitoring hepatic function in cirrhotic patients listed for liver transplantation, and during the intra-operative and post-operative phases.
Selective Growth of B- and C-doped SiGe Layers in Unprocessed and Recessed Si Openings for pMOSFET Application (2009)

This work presents pattern dependency of selective epitaxial growth of boron- or carbon-doped SiGe layers in recessed or unprocessed openings. The layer profile and quality of epi-layers were found to be dependent on chip layout and the growth parameters. Carbon- and boron-doping compensated the strain in SiGe layers and when both dopants are introduced the strain reduction was additive. The incorporation of boron and carbon in SiGe matrix showed to be a competitive action. The concentration of carbon decreased when the boron amount increased in SiGe layers with higher Ge content.
Prevalence and Correlates of Silent Cerebral Infarcts in the Framingham Offspring Study (2008)

The prevalence and distribution of SCI in the Framingham Offspring are comparable to previous estimates. Risk factors previously associated with clinical stroke were also found to be associated with midlife SCI. Our results support current guidelines emphasizing early detection and treatment of stroke risk factors.
Second-line combination chemotherapy of oral S-1 with cisplatin and irinotecan for colorectal cancer resistant to 5-FU. (2006)

The SCI regimen is feasible in an outpatient setting and should be considered as second-line chemotherapy for patients with 5-FU resistant CRC.
Briefs - "Adsorption of Gases on Raney Nickel" (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBriefs - "Adsorption of Gases on Raney Nickel"James. Huff, Raymond. Jasinski, and R. ParthasarathyCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1964, 56, 4, 79Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1964Publication History Published online18 September 2003Published inissue 1 April 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50652a608https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50652a608research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views18Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Pharmacokinetic Study of High Dose Etoposide Infusion in Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer (1988)

The plasma pharmacokinetics of etoposide administered at a dose of 600 mg/m2/day over 3 consecutive days to 19 patients are described. High performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection was used to determine the etoposide levels. The plasma concentration time curve showed a biphasic decay. When given as a 6-h infusion of 600 mg/m2 on each of 3 consecutive days, the peak plasma levels (PPL) were 45.6 SD 10.5 mUg/ml, and the area under the curve (AUC) values were 1379.6SD 332.4 mUg/ml/h. In 2 patients a second cycle 28 days later as a 72-h infusion at a total dose of 1800 mg/m2 was given, and in these cases the mean PPL was 30 mUg/ml compared to 63 mUg/ml for the 6-h infusion in the same patients, and the mean AUC was 1239 mUg/ml/h compared to 1952.5 mUg/ml/h. There was no correlation with age, sex, the duration of or the severity of the neutropenia. It is concluded that high dose etoposide has higher PPL and improved concentration time values when given as 3 consecutive daily infusions 18 h apart than as a continuous 72 h infusion.
Perceived Instability Is Associated With Strength and Pain, Not Frontal Knee Laxity, in Patients With Advanced Knee Osteoarthritis (2019)

Level 2, prognostic. <i>J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019;49(7):513-517. doi:10.2519/jospt.2019.8619</i>.
Sustainable access to biobased biphenol epoxy resins by electrochemical dehydrogenative dimerization of eugenol (2019)

Limited fossil resources require innovative monomers and polymers derived from renewable feedstocks such as plant biomass.
Catalyst-Controlled Nitrene Transfer by Tuning Metal:Ligand Ratios: Insight into the Mechanisms of Chemoselectivity (2017)

Catalyst-controlled, selective nitrene transfer is often challenging when both C–H and C═C bonds are present in a substrate. Interestingly, a simple change in the Ag(I):L ratio (L = bidentate N,N-donor ligand) enables tunable, chemoselective nitrene transfer that favors either C═C bond aziridination using an ∼1:1 Ag:L ratio (AgLOTf) or insertion into a C–H bond when the Ag:L ratio in the catalyst is 1:2 (AgL2OTf). In this paper, mechanistic studies, coupled with kinetic profiling of the entire reaction course, are employed to examine the reasons for this unusual behavior. Steady-state kinetics were found to be similar for both AgLOTf and AgL2OTf; both complexes yield electronically similar reactive intermediates that engage in nitrene transfer involving formation of a short-lived radical intermediate and barrierless radical recombination. Taken together, experimental and computational studies point to two effects that control tunable chemoselectivity: suppression of aziridination as the steric congestion around the silver center is increased in AgL2OTf and a decrease in the rate of C–H insertion with AgLOTf in comparison to AgL2OTf. The observation that the sterics of Ag catalysts can be varied, with minor effects on the electronic features of the putative nitrene, has important implications for the development of other silver catalysts that enable tunable, site-selective C–H bond aminations.
Biological and functional properties of proteolytic enzyme‐modified egg protein by‐products (2013)

Enzymatic hydrolysis led to improve functional properties and biological activity of protein by-products, which can be further used as protein ingredients for food and feed applications. The effects of proteolytic enzyme modification of egg-yolk protein preparation (YP) and white protein preparation (WP), obtained as the by-products left during the course of lecithin, lysozyme, and cystatin isolation on their biological and functional properties, were evaluated by treating a commercial Neutrase. The antihypertensive and antioxidative properties of YP and WP hydrolysates were evaluated based on their angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity and radical scavenging (DPPH) capacity, ferric reducing power, and chelating of iron activity. The functionality of obtained hydrolysates was also determined. Neutrase caused a degree of hydrolysis (DH) of YP and WP by-products: 27.6% and 20.9%, respectively. In each of them, mixture of peptides with different molecular masses were also observed. YP hydrolysate showed high levels of antioxidant activity. The scavenging capacity, ferric reducing power, and chelating capacity were observed at the level: 0.44 μmol/L Trolox mg(-1), 177.35 μg Fe(2+) mg(-1), and 549.87 μg Fe(2+) mg(-1), respectively. YP hydrolysate also exhibited significant ACE-inhibitory activity, in which the level was 59.2 μg. Protein solubility was significantly improved as the DH increased. WP hydrolysate showed high water-holding capacity of 43.2. This study indicated that YP and WP hydrolysates could be used in foods as natural antioxidants and functionality enhancers.
The Visual Causality Analyst: An Interactive Interface for Causal Reasoning (2015)

Uncovering the causal relations that exist among variables in multivariate datasets is one of the ultimate goals in data analytics. Causation is related to correlation but correlation does not imply causation. While a number of casual discovery algorithms have been devised that eliminate spurious correlations from a network, there are no guarantees that all of the inferred causations are indeed true. Hence, bringing a domain expert into the casual reasoning loop can be of great benefit in identifying erroneous casual relationships suggested by the discovery algorithm. To address this need we present the Visual Causal Analyst-a novel visual causal reasoning framework that allows users to apply their expertise, verify and edit causal links, and collaborate with the causal discovery algorithm to identify a valid causal network. Its interface consists of both an interactive 2D graph view and a numerical presentation of salient statistical parameters, such as regression coefficients, p-values, and others. Both help users in gaining a good understanding of the landscape of causal structures particularly when the number of variables is large. Our framework is also novel in that it can handle both numerical and categorical variables within one unified model and return plausible results. We demonstrate its use via a set of case studies using multiple practical datasets.
Identification and characterization of circadian clock genes in a native tobacco, Nicotiana attenuata (2012)

We identified three core circadian clock genes in N. attenuata and demonstrated the functional and biochemical conservation of NaLHY, NaTOC1, and NaZTL.
[The killing effect of IL-2 and IFN-alpha activated bone marrow on K562 leukemic cell]. (1997)

IFN-alpha can augment the purging effect of IL-2 ABM and combination of the two cytokines can effectively maintain the cytotoxicity of ABM.
Redefining face contour with a novel anti-aging cosmetic product: an open-label, prospective clinical study (2017)

This new cosmetic product demonstrated anti-aging effects after 56 days of use, most notably a redefined facial contour and improved complexion. It is a safe and effective anti-aging product.
A probabilistic approach for control of a stochastic system from LTL specifications (2009)

We consider the problem of controlling a continuous-time linear stochastic system from a specification given as a Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) formula over a set of linear predicates in the state of the system. We propose a three-step solution. First, we define a polyhedral partition of the state space and a finite collection of controllers, represented as symbols, and construct a Markov Decision Process (MDP). Second, by using an algorithm resembling LTL model checking, we determine a run satisfying the formula in the corresponding Kripke structure. Third, we determine a sequence of control actions in the MDP that maximizes the probability of following the satisfying run. We present illustrative simulation results.
A similarity scoring technique to analyse comparisons of real-world crashes to crash tests: initial results from a 12-point system (2013)

The most similar crash test was identified for each of 100 Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network (CIREN) cases. To quantify the best comparison pairs, a Similarity Scoring Methodology (SSM) with 12 parameters was developed. The results showed 18 comparisons with ‘low’ (0–6 points), 72 with ‘medium’ (7–9 points) and 10 with ‘high’ (10–12 points) similarity scores. Thirty-nine CIREN cases received a similarity point for deltaV (within range: ±16.1 kph [10 mph]). Thirty-seven CIREN cases had a lower deltaV than the crash test. For occupant parameters, seating position and airbag deployment received similarity points most frequently (86% each). Occupant height and weight received points least frequently (41% and 20%, respectively), typically because CIREN occupants were shorter and heavier compared with Anthropometric Test Device (ATD) sizes. This work establishes a standard SSM to be used with future studies and provides information about key differences between crash tests and real-world crashes.
β-2-Glycoprotein 1-dependent Macrophage Uptake of Apoptotic Cells (2007)

The recognition and removal of apoptotic cells is critical to development, tissue homeostasis, and the resolution of inflammation. Many studies have shown that phagocytosis is regulated by signaling mechanisms that involve distinct ligand-receptor interactions that drive the engulfment of apoptotic cells. Studies from our laboratory have shown that the plasma protein beta-2-glycoprotein 1 (beta2GP1), a member of the short consensus repeat superfamily, binds phosphatidylserine-containing vesicles and apoptotic cells and promotes their bridging and subsequent engulfment by phagocytes. The phagocyte receptor for the protein/apoptotic cell complex, however, is unknown. Here we report that a member of the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein family on phagocytes binds and facilitates engulfment of beta2GP1-phosphatidylserine and beta2GP1-apoptotic cell complexes. Using recombinant beta2GP1, we also show that beta2GP1-dependent uptake is mediated by bridging of the target cell to the phagocyte through the protein C- and N-terminal domains, respectively.
Direct mail selection by joint modeling of the probability and quantity of response (1997)

Operations such as integration or modularization of databases can be considered as operations on database universes. This paper describes some operations on database universes. Formally, a database universe is a special kind of table. It turns out that various operations on tables constitute interesting operations on database universes as well.
Nonparametric Adaptive Distribution-Free Procedure for Crossover Design With Repeated Measures (2021)

Motivations: The purpose of this research is to develop adaptive nonparametric statistical methods for 2 × 2 cross over designs with repeated measures. Methods: The statistics and their asymptotic distributions are established for testing: (1) the equality for carry-over effects; (2) direct treatment effect when carry-over effects are equal; (3) equality of carry-over effect over time; (4) equality of direct treatment effect over time when carry-over effect over time is equal; (5) the average response for carry-over effects; and (6) the average response for direct treatment effects when average response for carry-over effects are equal. Findings: The methods are applied to the slopes of systolic and diastolic pressures in the study regarding to sleep apnea severity. Implications: Using the sleep apnea severity study as an example, we show that adaptive procedures had advantage of detecting the significance of test while the ranks-only based methods by Johnson and Grender (1993) failed to detect such significant result.
Cross-Lingual Speaker Verification with Domain-Balanced Hard Prototype Mining and Language-Dependent Score Normalization (2020)

In this paper we describe the top-scoring IDLab submission for the text-independent task of the Short-duration Speaker Verification (SdSV) Challenge 2020. The main difficulty of the challenge exists in the large degree of varying phonetic overlap between the potentially cross-lingual trials, along with the limited availability of in-domain DeepMine Farsi training data. We introduce domain-balanced hard prototype mining to fine-tune the state-of-the-art ECAPA-TDNN x-vector based speaker embedding extractor. The sample mining technique efficiently exploits speaker distances between the speaker prototypes of the popular AAM-softmax loss function to construct challenging training batches that are balanced on the domain-level. To enhance the scoring of cross-lingual trials, we propose a language-dependent s-norm score normalization. The imposter cohort only contains data from the Farsi target-domain which simulates the enrollment data always being Farsi. In case a Gaussian-Backend language model detects the test speaker embedding to contain English, a cross-language compensation offset determined on the AAM-softmax speaker prototypes is subtracted from the maximum expected imposter mean score. A fusion of five systems with minor topological tweaks resulted in a final MinDCF and EER of 0.065 and 1.45% respectively on the SdSVC evaluation set.
Residual energy of linear prediction applied to vowel and speaker recognition (1976)

Recognition of steady-state vowels based on the residual energy of linear prediction was ascertained to be useful for a recognition system in which the reference data are taken from the intended speaker. Sharp speaker selectivity based on a threshold criterion suggests that the use of the residual signal energy may also be useful for speaker identification, especially for speaker screening in a large population.