gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biomanagement of petrochemical sludge using an exotic earthworm Eudrilus eugineae. (2005)

Petrochemical industry have severe problem in disposing effluent and semisolid sludge despite repeated recycling. It requires further treatment prior to disposal of sludge. In recent years biological treatment methods received much attention and considered as an efficient low-cost treatment. One such method is vermiculture treatment The end product of vermicompost is rich in essential micro and macronutrients along with microorganisms in a very simple form. Adding cast, not only improves the soil structure and fertility but also leads to improvement in overall plant growth and thus increase their yield. The present study was carried out to dispose the petrochemical sludge biologically using an exotic earthworm Eudrilus eugineae. The petrochemical sludge at various concentrations 25, 50 and 75% were subjected to vermicomposting treatment for a period of 60 days. During the period of study, data were collected on life form of earthworm and chemical analysis of the sludge before and after treatment. The microbial analysis was carried out fortnightly. The results indicate that 25 and 50% concentration of sludge was ideal for the vermicomposting, whereas the higher concentration inhibits the vermicomposting.
Lipoxin A4 antagonizes cellular and in vivo actions of leukotriene D4 in rat glomerular mesangial cells: evidence for competition at a common receptor. (1989)

Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) was competitive with [3H]leukotriene D4 (LTD4) for specific binding to cultured rat glomerular mesangial cells. Half-maximal inhibition was obtained with 100 nM LXA4, compared with 10 nM for unlabeled LTD4. At 10 and 50 nM LXA4 induced low, but significant, increases in mesangial-cell inositol trisphosphate generation: 48% and 44% increases as compared to vehicle controls, respectively (compared with 146% and 106% increments obtained for equimolar LTD4), which were abolished in the presence of 100-fold concentrations of the LTD4 receptor antagonist, SKF 104353. In addition, exposure to 100 nM LXA4 prevented mesangial cell inositol trisphosphate generation induced by 10 nM LTD4. To test the in vivo relevance of these results, we established a dose-response curve for the reducing effects of intrarenal arterial LTD4 on glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow in anesthetized rats (LTD4 doses were 0.5, 7.0, 14.0, and 20.0 micrograms/kg per min) without or with LXA4 at 1 microgram/kg per min. Mean percent decreases in glomerular filtration rate/renal plasma flow during LTD4 administration were 27*/24, 25*/40*, 70*/65*, and 73*/70* at the above doses, respectively (*P less than 0.05 versus baseline). With LXA4, these values were as follows: 9/20*, 11/37*, 42*/51*, and 50*/68*, the latter value representing a shift in the LTD4/glomerular filtration rate dose-response curve. Thus, LXA4 competes for [3H]LTD4 binding to mesangial cells, its presence prevents LTD4-induced inositol trisphosphate generation, and its own stimulation of mesangial-cell inositol trisphosphate is blocked by an LTD4 receptor antagonist. In vivo, LXA4 antagonizes LTD4-induced falls in glomerular filtration rate but not renal plasma flow, implying prevention of LTD4-mediated reductions in the glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient, a consequence of mesangial-cell contraction. These results suggest that LTD4 and LXA4 interact at a common site on rat mesangial cells at which LXA4 provokes partial agonist responses and competitively antagonizes both the cellular and physiological actions of LTD4. Moreover, these results provide evidence for a potential counterregulatory interaction between leukotrienes and lipoxins that may be relevant during glomerular inflammation.
Evolution to similarity solutions for polymerization and depolymerization with microwave radiation (2001)

Abstract The kinetics of polymerization and depolymerization are critical in understanding the stability and characterization of polymers. The kinetics of simultaneous polymerization and degradation of poly(methyl methacrylate) have been investigated by varying the initiator concentration and monomer concentration under the influence of microwave energy. Microwave radiation initially polymerizes the monomer, then degrades the resulting polymer and the polymer attains an equilibrium molecular weight distribution with a polydispersity of two. To understand more fully the kinetics, the molecular weight distribution (MWD) is represented as a gamma distribution; the random degradation rate coefficient is assumed to vary linearly with molecular weight and the polymerization rate coefficient is assumed to be independent of molecular weight. The change of the MWD with time is studied by continuous distribution kinetics; the solutions obtained depict the change of the average molecular weight, polydispersity and the gamma distribution parameters with time. Experimental data indicate that reaction rates are enhanced by microwave radiation and the MWD approaches a similarity solution within 10 min for all the investigated cases. The model satisfactorily predicts the change of the MWD with time. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Occurrence of Hydrin 2 (Vasotocinyl-GLY), a New Hydroosmotic Neurohypophyseal Peptide, in Secretory Granules Isolated from the Frog (<i>Rana esculenta</i>) Neurointermediate Pituitary (1990)

Neurohypophyseal secretory granules have been purified from the frog (Rana esculenta) neurointermediate pituitary gland by sucrose gradient centrifugation, and their polypeptide content has been analyzed by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. Aside from vasotocin, mesotocin, and their associated neurophysins, hydrin 2 (vasotocinyl-Gly), previously identified in hydrochloric acid extracts, has been recognized. This finding supports the previous suggestion that hydrin 2, a peptide active on the water permeability of frog bladder and frog skin, is a secreted hormone involved in osmoregulation specific to amphibians. Hydrin 2 has not been found in neurosecretory granules of birds such as the goose.
supplementary video 2 from Tumor-Produced Interleukin-8 Attracts Human Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Elicits Extrusion of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary video 2. IL-8 induces NET extrusion of GrMDSCs to entrap or adhere HT29 tumor cells. GrMDSCs nuclei were pre-stained with DRAQ5, (cyan), HT29 cells with PKH26 cell membrane dye (Red seen intracellular vesicles) and treated or not with IL-8. The non-cell permeant DNA probe (SYTOXgreen/green) is present in the culture media and only stains DNA when it is extruded extracelullarly. Image on the left shows the complete field of view with several GrMDSCs and an inset of an individual GrMDSC interacting with tumor cells but not extruding NETs since no IL-8 was added to the medium. Image on the left shows the complete microscopy field with several GrMDSCs and an inset with three GrMDSC contacting with HT29 cells and entrapping or adhering to them by formation of the NETs induced upon addition of IL-8. Video is a maximum intensity projection of a Z stack, (DiC is shown for contrast). Video is 300x accelerated.&lt;/p&gt;
Identification of Streptococcus mutans PAc peptide motif binding with human MHC class II molecules (DRB1*0802, *1101, *1401 and *1405) (1998)

A surface protein antigen (PAc) of Streptococcus mutans, in particular the A-region of this PAc molecule, has been noted as a possible target in research for an effective dental caries vaccine. To identify the antigenic peptide binding to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II (HLA-DR) molecules in the A-region, we prepared a panel of overlapping synthetic peptides in the second unit of the A-region, and established that a simple enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) binding assay could be achieved by incubating the DR-crude. Binding to DR molecules of these peptides from nine donors was investigated by using the ELISA binding assay. It was revealed that the PAc(316-334) peptide bound more strongly to the HLA-DR molecule in seven out of nine subjects. In particular, DR8 (DRB1*0802), DR5 (DRB1*1101) and DR6 (DRB1*1402 and *1405), which bound strongly to PAc(316-334) peptide, were identified. Moreover, we synthesized glycine-substituted peptide analogues of the peptide and examined the binding motif of the binding region. As a result, the multiple binding motif in DR8, DR5 and DR6 was found in L-RV-K-A. It is suggested that a peptide vaccine for dental caries that is more effective for humans, with fewer adverse side-effects, could be designed by combining the multiple binding motif with the B-cell epitope to produce only the inhibiting antibody against dental caries. The peptide could therefore be useful for peptide vaccine development in the general human population.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Dramatic Antitumor Effects of the Dual MET/RON Small-Molecule Inhibitor LY2801653 in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 62K, Figure S1. The protein tyrosine kinase activity profile obtained by using H1993 lysates treated with LY2801653 (10 nM) as tested on PamChip microarrays. For each of the 144 protein tyrosine kinase peptides on the array, treatment response was calculated as the log-transformed ratio of phosphorylation. 47 significant tyrosine kinase substrate modulation by LY2801653 (10 nM) treatment is shown (*: p-value &lt;0.05, paired-two-tailed Student's t test).&lt;/p&gt;
A Rare Variant in the Visfatin Gene (NAMPT/PBEF1) Is Associated With Protection From Obesity (2009)

Visfatin was recently reported as a novel adipokine encoded by the NAMPT (PBEF1) gene. This study was aimed at investigation of the possibility that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the visfatin gene are associated with either obesity or type 2 diabetes (T2D). A set of eight "tag-SNPs" were selected and ABI SNPlex assays designed for genotyping purposes. A total of 1,709 severely obese subjects were typed (896 class III obese adults and 813 children) together with 2,367 T2D individuals and 2,850 controls. For quantitative trait analysis, an additional 2,362 subjects were typed for rs10487818 from a general population sample. One rare SNP, rs10487818, located in intron 4 of NAMPT was associated with severe obesity, with a minor allele frequency of 1.6% in controls, 0.4% in the class III obese adults and, remarkably, 0% in the severely obese children. A highly significant association was observed for the presence or absence of the rare allele, i.e., (A,A) vs. (A,T + T,T) genotypes, in children (P = 6 x 10(-9)) and in adults (P = 8 x 10(-5)). No other significant (P < 0.05) association was observed with obesity or T2D for this or any other SNP. No association with BMI or waist-to-hip ratio was observed in a general population sample (n = 5,212). This is one of the first rare SNPs shown to be protective against a common polygenic disease and provides further evidence that rare alleles of strong effect can contribute to complex diseases such as severe obesity.
[Collagen and fibrin as biologic binders for granular hydroxylapatite]. (1990)

In an animal experiment the use of the biologic binders collagen and fibrin for the temporary stabilization of the shape of granular hydroxyl apatite grafts has been tested. A simple way of producing a hydroxyl apatite fibrin paste involves the use of a thrombin solution diluted to 1 i.u./ml. The fibrin-bound polygonal granules (Interpore 200) studied did not grow denser during the interposition of fibrous tissue, while the molded specimens of collagen-bound granules (Alveoform) underwent condensation involving a 30% decrease in intergranular distance.
Dehydroxylation Of Glycerol To Propylene Glycol Over Cu-Zno/Al2O3 Catalyst: Effect Of Feed Purity (2012)

The catalytic dehydroxylation of glycerol to propylene glycol was investigated over Cu-ZnO/Al2O3 prepared by incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) method with different purity feedstocks - refined glycerol and technical grade glycerol. The main purpose is to investigate the effects of feed impurities that cause the catalyst deactivation. The prepared catalyst were tested for its catalytic activity and selectivity in a continuous flow fixed bed reactor at 523 K, 500 psig, H2/feed molar ratio of 4 and WHSV of 3 h-1. The results showed that conversion of refined glycerol and technical grade glycerol at time on stream 6 hour are 99% and 71% and selectivity to propylene glycol are 87% and 56% respectively. The ICP-EOS and TPO results indicated that the cause of catalyst deactivation was the amount of impurities in the feedstock. The higher amount of impurities (especially Na and K) the lower catalytic activity.
YEATS domain proteins: a diverse family with many links to chromatin modification and transcriptionThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled CSBMCB’s 51st Annual Meeting – Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, and has undergone the Journal’s usual peer review process. (2009)

Chromatin modifications play crucial roles in various biological processes. An increasing number of conserved protein domains, often found in multisubunit protein complexes, are involved in establishing and recognizing different chromatin modifications. The YEATS domain is one of these domains, and its role in chromatin modifications and transcription is just beginning to be appreciated. The YEATS domain family of proteins, conserved from yeast to human, contains over 100 members in more than 70 eukaryotic species. Yaf9, Taf14, and Sas5 are the only YEATS domain proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Human YEATS domain family members, such as GAS41, ENL, and AF9, have a strong link to cancer. GAS41 is amplified in glioblastomas and astrocytomas; ENL and AF9 are among the most frequent translocation partners of the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene. This review will focus on the best characterized YEATS proteins, discuss their diverse roles, and reflect potential functions of the YEATS domain.
Parallel-Stacked Flexible Organic Light-Emitting Diodes for Wearable Photodynamic Therapeutics and Color-Tunable Optoelectronics (2020)

Deformable organic light-emitting diode (OLED) based optoelectronic devices hold promise for various wearable applications including biomedical systems and displays, but current OLED technologies require high voltage and lack the power needed for wearable photodynamic therapy (PDT) applications and wearable displays. This paper presents a parallel-stacked OLED (PAOLED) with high power, more than 100 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>, at low voltage (<8 V). The current dispersion ratio can be tuned by optimizing the structure of the individual OLEDs stacked to create the PAOLED, allowing control of the PAOLED's wavelength shapes, current efficiency, and power. In this study, a fabricated PAOLED operated reliably for 100 h at a high power of 35 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>. Confirming its potential application to PDT, the measured singlet oxygen generation ratio of the PAOLED was found to be 3.8 times higher than the reference OLED. The high-power PAOLED achieved a 24% reduction in melanoma cancer cell viability after a short (0.5 h) irradiation. In addition, a white light PAOLED with color tuning was realized through OLED color combination, and a high brightness of over 30 000 cd/m<sup>2</sup> was realized, below 8.5 V. In conclusion, the PAOLED was demonstrated to be suitable for a variety of low-voltage, high-power wearable optoelectronic applications.
Binding of von Willebrand factor to glycoproteins Ib and IIb/IIIa complex: affinity is related to multimeric size (1989)

We have separated von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimers of different size into several fractions which were characterized by SDS-agarose gel electrophoresis and by measuring the ratio between ristocetin cofactor activity (Ricof) and von Willebrand antigen (vWF:Ag) content. The pooled fractions contained vWF with multimeric structures and Ricof similar to those in plasma. The pool was labelled with 125I and used for inhibition binding studies with individual fractions to calculate the dissociation constants (Kd values expressed in mol/l) of the individual fractions for ristocetin-dependent binding to GP Ib and thrombin-induced binding to GP IIb/IIIa. Direct binding studies of the 125I-vWF pool gave mean Kd values of 2.02 +/- 0.05 x 10(-8) for GP Ib and 1.15 +/- 0.02 x 10(-8) for the GP IIb/IIIa complex. Inhibition binding studies gave Kd mean values one third to one tenth as high for larger multimers and 3-10 times higher for smaller multimers, for both GP Ib and IIb/IIIa complex. Similar results were observed when binding studies were carried out in the presence of platelets from a patient with afibrinogenaemia. These data on binding correlated very well with ristocetin- and thrombin-induced aggregation of afibrinogenaemic platelets, since equal concentrations of the higher molecular weight forms gave significantly higher aggregation rates. Based on these results, we conclude that the affinity of the vWF molecule for its two platelet receptors is greater for the largest multimers.
Cognitive Acoustic Analytics Service for Internet of Things (2017)

The rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) has brought great changes for non-contact and non-destructive sensing and diagnosis. For every inanimate object can tell us something by the sound it makes, acoustic sensor demonstrates great advantages comparing to conventional electronic and mechanic sensors in such cases: overcoming environmental obstacles, mapping to existing use cases of detecting problems with human ears, low cost for deployment, etc. It could be widely applied to various domains, such as predictive maintenance of machinery, robot sensory, elderly and baby care in smart home, etc. Whether we can use the acoustic sensor data to understand what is happening and to predict what will happen relies heavily on the analytics capabilities we apply to the acoustic data, which has to overcome the obstacles of noise, disturbance and errors, and has to meet the requirement of real-time processing of high volume signals with large number of sensors. In this paper, we propose a scalable cognitive acoustics analytics service for IoT that provides the user an incremental learning approach to evolve their analytics capability on non-intuitive and unstructured acoustic data through the combination of acoustic signal processing and machine learning technology. It first performs acoustic signal processing and denoising, enables acoustic signal based abnormal detection based on sound intensity, spectral centroid, etc. Then based on the accumulated abnormal data, a supervised learning method is performed as baseline and a neural network based classifier is used to recognize acoustic events in different scenarios with various volume of sample data and requirement of accuracy. In addition, acoustic sensor arrays processing is supported for localization of moving acoustic source in more complex scenario. In this paper, we designed a hybrid computing structure. Finally, we conduct experiments on acoustic event recognition for machinery diagnosis, and show that the proposed system can achieve high accuracy.
Class-A Operation of InAs Quantum Dash-based Vertical-External-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (2017)

InAs Quantum Dash-based Vertical-External-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser on InP is demonstrated. Up to 163 mW and 7 mW have been obtained in multi-mode and single-mode operation, respectively. Class-A behavior is demonstrated on such device.
In-situ radiation measurements of the C1 and C2 waste storage tank vault (1996)

In August of 1996, the Applied Radiation Measurements Department (ARMD) of the Waste Management and Remedial Action Division (WMRAD) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) was tasked with characterizing the radiation fields in the C{sub 1} and C{sub 2} Liquid Low Level Waste (LLLW) tank vault located at ORNL. These in-situ measurements were made to provide data for evaluating the potential radiological conditions for personnel working in or around the vault during future planned activities. This report describes the locations where measurements were made, the types of radiation detection instruments used, the methods employed, the problems encountered and resolved, and discusses the results obtained.
Structural and optical properties of silicon–germanium alloy nanoparticles (2002)

Silicon–germanium alloy nanoparticles with spherical shape have been prepared by the thermal evaporation method. The shape and structure of these dots have been studied. Transmission electron microscopy images show that the SiGe nanoparticles grown at 100 Torr may be composed of two half-moon shaped sections. Furthermore from the transmission electron diffraction patterns and Raman spectra, a change of structure from amorphous to crystalline at the 0.4 Torr growth pressure was observed. It is also found that if the growth pressure increases, the Ge composition of SiGe dots will decrease. A model is proposed to explain this phenomenon.
How to build your business advisory practice - practice management tips for SMPs : IFAC (2012)

This article examines the business case for small- and medium-sized practices (SMPs) to develop a business advisory practice and offers tips for getting started.
Practical considerations on discrete multi-tone transmission for cost-effective access networks (2015)

We review our recent work dealing with directly-modulated directly-detected transmission. In a repeater-less transmission through standard fibre, capacity of 35 Gbit/s and 22 Gbit/s is achieved for transmission distances of 50 and 125 km, respectively.
An Outlier Detection Method Based on Clustering (2011)

In this paper we propose a clustering based method to capture outliers. We apply K-means clustering algorithm to divide the data set into clusters. The points which are lying near the centroid of the cluster are not probable candidate for outlier and we can prune out such points from each cluster. Next we calculate a distance based outlier score for remaining points. The computations needed to calculate the outlier score reduces considerably due to the pruning of some points. Based on the outlier score we declare the top n points with the highest score as outliers. The experimental results using real data set demonstrate that even though the number of computations is less, the proposed method performs better than the existing method.
The Concepts of Law (2017)

Concepts are the building blocks of legal doctrine. All legal rules and standards, in fact, are formed by combining concepts in different ways. But despite their centrality, legal concepts are not well understood. There is no agreement as to what makes a legal concept useful or ineffective—worth keeping or in need of revision. Social scientists, however, have developed a set of criteria for successful concepts. Of these, the most important is measurability: the ability, at least in principle, to assess a concept with data. In this Essay, we apply the social scientific criteria to a number of concepts and conceptual relationships in American constitutional law. We show that this field includes both poor and effective concepts and conceptual links. We also explain how the examples of poor concepts could be improved.