gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kulturalität der Technik (1982)

Das Wort Technik gehört zu einer Gruppe philosophischer Wörter mit spezifischem Charakter, ja es zeigt diesen in der aktuellen Situation in einer besonders typischen Ausprägung, welche Platon zum ersten Male in der Philosophiegeschichte bei der Bestimmung der Zeit formuliert hat: diskutieren wir über ‘die’ Technik, dann sind wir der Meinung, daß wir alle das Gleiche meinen, d.h. dasselbe ‘Objekt’ Technik meinen und dabei dieselbe Wortbedeutung verwenden. Wollen wir im Bewußtsein dieser Situation die Thematik Kulturalität der Technik behandeln, so müssen wir wissen, daß damit zunächst alle diejenigen Philosophien ausscheiden, die schlicht vorgeben, das ‘Wesen’ ‘der’ Technik anzugeben, handele es sich dabei um metaphysische (‘Ideen’), anthropologische (Ableitung aus spezifischen ‘Aktionsformen’; Kapp,Sachsse u.a.) soziologische oder ähnliche Definitionen. Das gilt auch besonders für diejenigen Formen, die schlicht (über ‘die’ Technik reden, ohne überhaupt das thematische Phänomen spezifisch zu beschreiben und zu differenzieren.
Analysis of a Low-Earth Orbit Satellite Downlink Considering Antenna Radiation Patterns and Space Environment in Interference Situations (2023)

This paper investigates a low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite downlink for high-speed data communication in interference situations. A choke ring horn type antenna is used as the data transmitting antenna with an isoflux pattern in the LEO satellite, which has a beam coverage of ±51.6° and a bore-sight gain of 4.4 dBi at 8 GHz. The receiving antenna on the ground station is a parabolic type antenna with a diameter of 11.3 m, and it has a half-power beam width (HPBW) of 0.2° with a maximum gain of 59 dBi at 8 GHz. The jamming-to-signal ratio (J/S) is calculated assuming that the LEO satellite transmits signals to the ground station, and an elevation angle of the interference source varies from 0° to 90° at an altitude of 10 km. Applying antenna characteristics, such as HPBWs and side lobes, to the calculated space wave path loss makes it possible to predict the J/S results according to the location of the interference source and the satellite. The results show that it is necessary to consider the space environment to accurately analyze the LEO satellite downlink, especially at the low elevation angle of the satellite.
Aberrations of TACC1 and TACC3 are associated with ovarian cancer (2005)

When combined, our data suggest that aberrations of TACC genes, and TACC3 in particular, underlie a significant proportion of ovarian cancers. Thus, TACC3 could be a hitherto unknown endogenous factor that contributes to ovarian tumorigenesis.
Constraining computational modeling of indirect drive double shell capsule implosions using experiments (2021)

Double shell capsule implosions are an alternative approach to achieving alpha heating on the National Ignition Facility. Current machining techniques construct the outer shell as two hemispheres that are glued together, and the deuterium and tritium (DT) liquid inside the inner shell will be injected by a fill tube. These features introduce asymmetries and jetting that may disrupt the confinement of the DT fuel if not carefully controlled. Simulations indicate that in order to achieve high yields in the laboratory, these features as well as susceptibility to the Rayleigh–Taylor instability (RTI) must be mitigated. Due to uncertainties in computational models and the expense of using the best physics models at adequate resolution in three dimensions, our computational modeling must be constrained by experiments. We report on the results of recent hydrogrowth radiography and dual-axis keyhole experiments with double shell targets that have been used to evaluate our modeling of the outer shell joint as well as the impacts of high-energy x-ray preheat that strongly impacts RTI growth. Our simulations show good agreement with the experimental data and inform several important modeling choices.
Distributed Company Control in Company Shareholding Graphs (2021)

The Company Control Problem is of central importance to banks, financial intermediaries, financial intelligence units, regulatory and supervisory authorities such as the Central Banks. It consists in understanding who takes decisions in a large company network, that is, who controls the majority of votes for each single company. This has an impact on a large number of business areas, with examples including evaluation of creditworthiness, economic analysis of the control dispersion, anti-money laundering, prevention of potentially hostile takeovers, evaluation of risks, and shock propagation.This paper is based on our experience with the Central Bank of Italy and presents an approach to the solution of the company control problem in distributed settings, especially relevant, as large and distributed ownership graphs reflect European-size applications where scalability is paramount.In particular, we formalize the problem as query answering on a large distributed database. We study how independent subqueries can be executed in each partition and the partial results assembled at a master site to produce the answer. We study the formal properties of the problem, that is not easily parallelizable, and then present a method that supports parallelism at best.We present a thorough experimental evaluation of our approach with the Italian company graph of the Bank of Italy and the European Register of Financial Intermediaries and Affiliates as well as many artificial graphs to fully assess scalability.
Activation of catecholaminergic neurons in the brainstem nuclei involved in cardiovascular regulation following intracarotid injection of capsaicin in rats (2001)

The present study was undertaken to define whether the effects of capsaicin were induced by activating the catecholaminergic neurons by double immunohistochemical method for Fos and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). The results demonstrated a robust Fos like immunoreactive (FLI) and double labeled neurons in area postrema (AP), the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), nucleus paragigantocellularis lateralis (PGL) and locus coreruleus (LC) following intracarotid injection of capsaicin. These responses to capsaicin were significantly attenuated by pretreatment with either a capsaicin receptor antagonist ruthenium red or a NMDA receptor antagonist MK 801. The present study suggested that capsaicin might activate the neurons of the brainstem nuclei involved in cardiovascular regulation, The results supported the hypothesis that the excitatory effects of capsaicin were induced by activating the catecholaminergic neurons of brainstem nuclei involved in cardiovascular regulation. Capsaicin receptor might mediate the effects of capsaicin with the involvement of glutamate.
"Effects of frequency dependent attenuation and dispersion on different speed of sound measurements on human intact femur" (2005)

International audience
On the electrical endurance characterization of insulating materials by constant and progressive stress test (1992)

Expressions for the generalized probability distributions of failure times obtained from constant-stress and progressive-stress tests are presented. Three types of life models are considered for this purpose, i.e. linear inverse-power and exponential models, and a threshold life model based on the inverse-power law. Moreover, two types of progressive-stress tests are examined, i.e. tests at linearly increasing voltage starting either from zero or from a selected electrical field or voltage value. It is shown that both constant and progressive-stress tests can provide a complete electrical endurance characterization of the tested insulation, once the generalized probability distribution has been defined appropriately. However, while the constant-stress tests have a significant advantage in providing shorter test times compared to the progressive-stress tests, the latter tests give rise to less dispersed data. Examples of insulation characterization by constant and progressive-stress tests on XLPE and EPR specimens are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Heterocyclic Analogues of Carbazole Alkaloids (2001)

Carbazole containing alkaloids (e.g. ellipticine and related compounds, indolocarbazoles......) have caught the attention of the chemists and biochemists due to their biological activities (antitumor, antiviral, protein kinase inhibitors......). Numerous total syntheses of the natural compounds have been effected as well as structural modifications for annulating various heterocyclic systems to the carbazole. Interest in these modifications lays in the possible changes in biological activities. This review will present some of the aspects of the chemistry developped recently to introduce such modifications. Keywords: Heterocyclic Analogues, Carbazole Alkaloids, pyranocarbazole, staurosporine, tetrahydrobenzofuranones, thienocarbazoles, Japp-Klingemann reaction, Fischer indole synthesis, antitumour activity, nitrovinylic compound
Whole-genome resequencing reveals aberrant autosomal SNPs affect chicken feathering rate (2020)

Previous studies have shown that the feather growth rate of chicks is determined by two alleles located on the sex chromosome Z; however, in chicken production, feathering is usually not consistently controlled by the sex chromosome. To identify whether the feathering rate is related to autosomal inheritance, whole-genome resequencing was performed in eight chickens with slow- and fast-feathering rate. A total of 54,984 autosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified, including 393 and 376 exonic SNPs in slow-feathering and fast-feathering chickens, respectively. Mutated genes were mainly involved in response to stimuli and growth and reproduction processes. Mutated genes related to slow-feathering rate were mainly involved in wingless-type MMTV integration site signaling pathway and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, whereas mutated genes associated with fast-feathering rate were primarily enriched in autophagy, calcium signaling pathway, extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, and Focal adhesion processes. Importantly, two SNPs, involved in feather development, were found in the exonic regions of Wnt signaling genes. These results shed new light on the relationship between genetic mutation and feather growth rate from the perspective of autosomal inheritance and may have economic significance in chicken breeding.
Experimental Design of Formulations Utilizing High Dimensional Model Representation (2015)

Many applications involve formulations or mixtures where large numbers of components are possible to choose from, but a final composition with only a few components is sought. Finding suitable binary or ternary mixtures from all the permissible components often relies on simplex-lattice sampling in traditional design of experiments (DoE), which requires performing a large number of experiments even for just tens of permissible components. The effect rises very rapidly with increasing numbers of components and can readily become impractical. This paper proposes constructing a single model for a mixture containing all permissible components from just a modest number of experiments. Yet the model is capable of satisfactorily predicting the performance for full as well as all possible binary and ternary component mixtures. To achieve this goal, we utilize biased random sampling combined with high dimensional model representation (HDMR) to replace DoE simplex-lattice design. Compared with DoE, the required number of experiments is significantly reduced, especially when the number of permissible components is large. This study is illustrated with a solubility model for solvent mixture screening.
Increasing the success rate for Alzheimer's disease drug discovery and development (2012)

This paper responds to the fact that over 200 Alzheimer's disease (AD) drug candidates have failed to date and draws on searches of the literature for studies of error effects in drug developments and the authors' published works. In the same period, basic knowledge of AD pathology has greatly expanded providing both potential therapeutic targets and rationales for modifications in strategies for testing AD drug candidates. Current opinion generally holds that AD drug candidates have failed because they address pathology that is already too advanced. Less attention is paid to numerous reported methodological weaknesses capable of biasing AD clinical trials and drug developments and thus invalidating conclusions to be reached about the drugs being tested. The costs of quality controls possibly needed to better insure validity in AD drug developments raises concerns that progress toward success in AD drug development may be hindered by the costs of intervening against current methodological barriers to the successful completions of AD drug developments.
Biological Control Agent of Larger Black Flour Beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): A Nuisance Pest Developing in Cotton Gin Trash Piles (2013)

The larger black flour beetles, Cynaeus angustus (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), feeds on saprophytic fungi found in gin trash piles and occasionally becomes a nuisance pest in adjacent homes and businesses. The potential of Steinernema carpocapsae 'NY 001,' as a potential control agent of larger black flour beetle under experimental conditions was examined with particular reference to the importance of soil moisture content. Without prospects of insecticides being labeled for control of larger black flour beetle in gin trash, the data presented here support further research into applications of entomopathogenic nematodes underneath gin trash piles as a way to minimize risk of larger black flour beetle populations causing nuisance to nearby homes and businesses.
Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase: is it good or bad for you? (2004)

Plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase becomes progressively activated as atherosclerosis progresses, but lines of evidence indicate that the enzyme possesses potent antiatherogenic and antiinflammatory properties. This raises the question of whether increased activity is a cause or a result of atherosclerosis and, consequently, whether inhibiting the enzyme's activities may decelerate or accelerate the progress of the disease.
Thermo-base Generator for Low Temperature Solid-phase Imidation of Poly(amic acid) (2005)

Abstract Efficient thermo-base generators (TBGs) which can release an secondary alicyclic amine (e.g. 2,6-dimethylpiperidine; DMP) have been developed for low temperature solid-phase imidation of poly(amic acid) (PAA). Such latent thermo-sensitive catalysts promote thermal imidation of PAA film smoothly up to 200 °C, without the salt formation and storage instability of PAA solution.
DeepCas: an End-to-end Predictor of Information Cascades (2016)

Information cascades, effectively facilitated by most social network platforms, are recognized as a major factor in almost every social success and disaster in these networks. Can cascades be predicted? While many believe that they are inherently unpredictable, recent work has shown that some key properties of information cascades, such as size, growth, and shape, can be predicted by a machine learning algorithm that combines many features. These predictors all depend on a bag of hand-crafting features to represent the cascade network and the global network structure. Such features, always carefully and sometimes mysteriously designed, are not easy to extend or to generalize to a different platform or domain. Inspired by the recent successes of deep learning in multiple data mining tasks, we investigate whether an end-to-end deep learning approach could effectively predict the future size of cascades. Such a method automatically learns the representation of individual cascade graphs in the context of the global network structure, without hand-crafted features and heuristics. We find that node embeddings fall short of predictive power, and it is critical to learn the representation of a cascade graph as a whole. We present algorithms that learn the representation of cascade graphs in an end-to-end manner, which significantly improve the performance of cascade prediction over strong baselines that include feature based methods, node embedding methods, and graph kernel methods. Our results also provide interesting implications for cascade prediction in general.
Mechanical tensing of cells and chromosome arrangement (1994)

Many reports have been made describing how the application of mechanical forces to cells leads to changes in gene expression. Several of the contributions to this volume report on that matter. In addition it is pertinent to quote papers by Goldspink and his colleagues (see, for example, Goldspink et al., 1992). The next question that arises is: how do such force applications lead to changes in gene expression?
Control of single-stage AC-AC solid state transformer for power exchange between grids (2016)

A power management control method is proposed for the three-phase-to-single-phase matrix converter (MC)-based solid state transformer (SST) linking two grids. The MC-SST presents low weight and high controllability with respect to a conventional line-frequency transformer. Moreover, the single-stage ac-ac power conversion and compact volume are achieved compared to a three-stage SST, owing to the absence of electrolytic capacitors. The current studies focused on the modulation techniques of this type of SST. Whereas, this paper proposes a control method to manage the active power exchange and power flow when such SST applied to distribution grids, which could be different voltage levels and frequency. Simulation studies are carried out to investigate the proposed method.
Towards Fresh Re-Keying with Leakage-Resilient PRFs Cipher Design Principles and Analysis (2013)

Abstract. Leakage-resilient cryptography aims at developing new algorithms for which physical security against side-channel attacks can be formally analyzed. Following the work of Dziembowski and Pietrzak at FOCS 2008, several symmetric cryptographic primitives have been investigated in this setting. Most of them can be instantiated with a block cipher as underlying component. Such an approach naturally raises the question whether certain block ciphers are better suited for this purpose. In order to answer this question, we consider a leakage-resilient rekeying function, and evaluate its security at different abstraction levels. That is, we study possible attacks exploiting specific features of the algorithmic description, hardware architecture and physical implementation of this construction. These evaluations lead to two main outcomes. First, we complement previous works on leakage-resilient cryptography and further specify the conditions under which they actually provide physical security. Second, we take advantage of our analysis to extract new design principles for block ciphers to be used in leakage-resilient primitives. While our investigations focus on side-channel attacks in the first place, we hope these new design principles will trigger the interest of symmetric cryptographers to design new block ciphers combining good properties for secure implementations and security against black box (mathematical) cryptanalysis. 1
Visible‐Light‐Mediated Generation of Nitrogen‐Centered Radicals: Metal‐Free Hydroimination and Iminohydroxylation Cyclization Reactions (2015)

The formation and use of iminyl radicals in novel and divergent hydroimination and iminohydroxylation cyclization reactions has been accomplished through the design of a new class of reactive O-aryl oximes. Owing to their low reduction potentials, the inexpensive organic dye eosin Y could be used as the photocatalyst of the organocatalytic hydroimination reaction. Furthermore, reaction conditions for a unique iminohydroxylation were identified; visible-light-mediated electron transfer from novel electron donor-acceptor complexes of the oximes and Et3N was proposed as a key step of this process.
A geometric model for on-line social networks (2010)

Abstract. We present a deterministic model for on-line social networks based on transitivity and local knowl-edge in social interactions. In the Iterated Local Transitivity (ILT) model, at each time-step and for every existing node x, a new node appears which joins to the closed neighbour set of x. The ILT model provably satisfies a number of both local and global properties that were observed in real-world on-line social and other complex networks, such as a densification power law, decreasing average distance, and higher clustering than in random graphs with the same average degree. Experimental studies of social networks demonstrate poor expansion properties as a consequence of the existence of communities with low number of inter-community links. A spectral gap for both the adjacency and normalized Laplacian matrices is proved for graphs arising from the ILT model, thereby simulating such bad expansion properties. 1
Techno-economic advantages of cognitive virtual topology design (2013)

We demonstrate that the introduction of cognitive techniques in virtual topology design leads to significant savings in terms of the total cost of ownership compared to conventional methods. Case study results indicate that capital and operational expenditures can be respectively reduced by up to 20% and 25% via a genetic algorithm-based method.
Anticorpos contra o vírus da hepatite C em pacientes de alto risco com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico de início juvenil (2016)

Avaliar a prevalência de infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C (VHC) em pacientes de alto risco com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico de início juvenil (LESJ). Foram estudados 40 pacientes de baixa renda com LESJ (6 H: 34 M, com média de 19 ± 4,4 anos; duração média da doença de 6 ± 3,2 anos). Incluíram‐se no grupo controle 20 crianças e adolescentes saudáveis pareados por nível socioeconômico. Fizeram‐se testes anti‐VHC com um ensaio imunoenzimático de micropartículas de terceira geração. O critério de inclusão foi o baixo nível socioeconômico. As frequências de anticorpos anti‐VHC foram baixas e comparáveis entre os grupos LESJ e controle (2,5% versus 0, p = 1). Os pacientes com LESJ tinham significativamente mais fatores de risco para infecção por VHC em comparação com o grupo controle, incluindo tratamento imunossupressor (90% versus 0, p < 0,0001), internação (50% versus 12,5%, p = 0,0006) e procedimentos invasivos (47,5% versus 12,5%, p = 0,001). A baixa frequência de anticorpos anti‐VHC observada nos pacientes de alto risco com LESJ sugere que esse vírus não parece ter um papel relevante na patogênese dessa doença. To evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in high risk juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE). Forty low income JSLE patients (6 M:34F; mean age 19 ± 4.4 yrs; mean disease duration 6 ± 3.2 yrs) were studied. Twenty healthy children and adolescents matched for social economical level were included as controls. Anti‐HCV tests were performed using a third generation microparticle enzyme immunoassay. Inclusion criterion was low social economical level. The frequencies of anti‐HCV antibody were low and comparable between JSLE and control group (2.5% vs. 0, p = 1.0). JSLE patients had significantly more risk factors for HCV infection compared to the control group, including immunossupressive treatment (90% vs. 0, p < 0.0001), hospitalization (50% vs. 12.5%, p = 0.0006) and invasive procedures (47.5% vs. 12.5%, p = 0.001). The observed low frequency of anti‐HCV antibodies in high risk JSLE suggests that this virus does not seem to have a relevant role in the pathogenesis of this disease.