gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Development of Novel Down-Hole Intervention Tools, a Change in Well Technology (2009)

Abstract Well Technology is traditionally dealing with drilling and completion as well as with well intervention and well integrity during the well life. The drilling and production engineers are the main players in this arena covering the full life cycle from design to abandonment of the well. The high-level governing factors in well design and well lifetime are the production forecast together with the PVT data and the geology based well trajectory. These three major data sets combined with historical drilling and production data is the basis for well design and its associated technology. The latter methodology was applied at oil prices, starting at 2 USD, mid of the last century to the 2008 price of 140 USD plus per barrel of oil. The paradigm shift in well technology is driven by the disappearing vision that the hydrocarbon resources are unlimited. Well Technology is now not a function of executing a field development plan but becomes a tool to tap into older fields which were closed in or even abandoned at an oil price around 20 USD per barrel. This paper will demonstrate how Maersk Oil's Well Technology shifts the paradigm, that decline cannot be reversed in an offshore environment, where well intervention and well design became so expensive that, even at elevated oil prices, the wells became economically unattractive. This paper will in detail describe a tool box, developed by Maersk Oil engineers. The tool box varies from shutting off water, which is conveyed by fractures between injectors and producers, seal off (stuck open) sliding side doors, overcome lubricator height limitations, to how to abandon the long horizontal section of a well which acts as a water highway resulting in an increasing water cut in several sound producers, leaving pockets of oil behind. The goal of this effort by Maersk Oil is to increase the ultimate recovery and thereby increase the amount of hydrocarbons produced.
Mathieu beams as versatile light moulds for 3D micro particle assemblies (2010)

We present tailoring of three dimensional light fields which act as light moulds for elaborate particle micro structures of variable shapes. Stereo microscopy is used for visualization of the 3D particle assemblies. The powerful method is demonstrated for the class of propagation invariant beams, where we introduce the use of Mathieu beams as light moulds with non-rotationally-symmetric structure. They offer multifarious field distributions and facilitate the creation of versatile particle structures. This general technique may find its application in micro fluidics, chemistry, biology, and medicine, to create highly efficient mixing tools, for hierarchical supramolecular organization or in 3D tissue engineering.
Ultra-broadband high-directivity directional coupler design (2003)

The theory and design of ultrabroadband high-directivity tapered-line directional couplers are discussed. Causes of imperfect directivity are examined from both a theoretical and experimental standpoint. This includes the effects of nonunity VSWR terminations and internal connections, unequal even-mode and odd-mode velocities, and unequal even-mode and odd-mode attenuation constants. Practical considerations in the design of asymmetrical tapered couplers are discussed. A design example is presented which displays a bandwidth that is believed to be approximately 1.7 octaves greater than any other coupler of comparable directivity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Maintaining Outstanding Outcomes Using Response- and Biology-Based Therapy for Intermediate-Risk Neuroblastoma: A Report From the Children’s Oncology Group Study ANBL0531 (2019)

Excellent survival was achieved with this treatment algorithm, with reduction of therapy for subsets of patients. More-effective treatment strategies still are needed for infants with unfavorable biology stage 4 disease.
Ultrasound, optical and photoacoustic imaging of Acoustic Cluster Therapy enhanced delivery to human tumors in mice (2019)

Acoustic cluster therapy (ACT) is designed to overcome some of the limitations of conventional microbubbles for ultrasound-assisted delivery of drugs to tumors. ACT consists of clusters of oil microdroplets and microbubbles. Diagnostic ultrasound imaging can be used to visualize the microbubble component and to activate (vaporize) the droplets to produce large (>20 μm) bubbles which lodge in the tumor's microvessels. A subsequent low-frequency ultrasound field then gently pulsates the activated bubbles which are in direct contact with endothelium, enhancing vascular permeability. We present in-vivo pre-clinical imaging experiments designed to better understand ACT behavior. Conventional microbubbles were observed to wash out of tumors within 6 min whereas activated ACT failed to wash out during the observation time of 15 min, confirming activation. Stationary echoes in tumors uniquely accumulated in fundamental B-mode images after ACT activation (but not with a microbubble agent, nor in nonlinear contrast mode) providing a signature for identifying ACT activation in vivo. ACT significantly enhanced CW800 dye uptake in tumor relative to dye alone. Photoacoustic CW800 signals appeared in the tumor periphery, suggesting potential for high-resolution, three-dimensional dynamic monitoring although with lower sensitivity than fluorescence imaging.
Appearance and modeling of bubble artifacts in intracranial magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRg-LITT) temperature images (2023)

Results showed that the artifacts are likely caused by air bubbles rather than hemorrhages, which may be introduced before heating or appear during heating. Manufacturers and users of devices that rely upon PRF-shift thermometry should be aware these phase distortions from bubble artifacts can result in large temperature errors.
A micromachined flow shear-stress sensor based on thermal transfer principles (1999)

Microhot-film shear-stress sensors have been developed by using surface micromachining techniques. The sensor consists of a suspended silicon-nitride diaphragm located on top of a vacuum-sealed cavity. A heating and heat-sensing element, made of polycrystalline silicon material, resides on top of the diaphragm. The underlying vacuum cavity greatly reduces conductive heat loss to the substrate and therefore increases the sensitivity of the sensor. Testing of the sensor has been conducted in a wind tunnel under three operation modes-constant current, constant voltage, and constant temperature. Under the constant-temperature mode, a typical shear-stress sensor exhibits a time constant of 72 /spl mu/s.
The abundance of the actinides in the cosmic radiation as measured on HEAO 3 (1982)

The HEAO 3 detector of heavy cosmic-ray nuclei has observed one possible actinide nucleus and some 100 nuclei of the platinum-lead group of elements. The resulting upper limit of 3% for the abundance ratio of actinides to platinum-lead nuclides is significantly lower than previous results from other observations. This new limit is inconsistent with freshly synthesized, pure r-process sources for cosmic-ray nuclei in this charge interval but is consistent with a source having a composition similar to the solar system, or to aged r-process material. We observe no events with a charge greater than 96.
A Resurrection of 7-MEOTA: A Comparison with Tacrine (2013)

Alzheimer´s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative dementia which currently represents one of the biggest threats for the human kind. The cure is still unknown and various hypotheses (cholinergic, amyloidal, oxidative, vascular etc.) are investigated in order to understand the pathophysiology of the disease and on this basis find an effective treatment. Tacrine, the first approved drug for the AD disease treatment, has been reported to be a multitargeted drug, however it was withdrawn from the market particularly due to its hepatotoxicity. Its derivative 7-methoxytacrine (7- MEOTA) probably due to the different metabolization does not exert this side effect. The aim of our study was to compare these two cholinesterase inhibitors from various, mainly cholinergic, points of view relevant for a potential AD drug. We found that 7-MEOTA does not fall behind its more well-known parent compound - tacrine. Furthermore, we found, that 7-MEOTA exerts better properties in most of the tests related to a possible AD treatment. Only the pharmacokinetics and a higher acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory potency would slightly give advantages to tacrine over 7-MEOTA, but concerning its lower toxicity, better antioxidant properties, interaction with muscarinic and nicotinic receptors and "safer" metabolization provide strong evidence for reconsider 7-MEOTA and its derivatives as candidate molecules for the treatment of AD.
Patterns of dental anomalies in patients with nonsyndromic oral cleft (2020)

Aim: To characterize the patterns of dental anomalies (DA) in the mixed and permanent dentitions of patients with nonsyndromic oral cleft (NSOC). Methods: This cross-sectional, observational, case-control study included 173 patients, 61 with mixed dentition (NSOC=29 and control=32) and 112 with permanent dentition (NSOC=57 and control=55). All subjected were submitted to clinical and radiographic examination. Dental anomalies of eruption, number, size and shape outside the cleft area were considered. Results: Although there was no statistical significance among patients with mixed dentition, dental agenesis was the anomaly more common in this group. In patients with permanent dentition, a higher prevalence of DA in NSOC group compared to control group was observed (p=0.02). Gyroversion and dental agenesis were the DA more frequently observed in the permanent dentition and the second premolar was the tooth more affected (p=0.003). Mandible and the left side were more involved, and dental agenesis was more frequently found in patients with unilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL±P). Conclusion: Our findings show a higher frequency of DA in NSOCs than in the control group in patients with permanent dentition, mainly due to a higher occurrence of agenesis of second premolars in patients with unilateral NSCL±P.
The Influences of Contact Interfaces Between the Indium Tin Oxide-Based Contact Layer and GaN-Based LEDs (2006)

We have fabricated GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) using transparent indium tin oxide-based (ITO-based) p contacts. The current-voltage characteristics and life tests of GaN-based LEDs have been studied. LED life tests showed that a pure ITO contact layer had poor reliability at high current stress. We also found that the GaN-based LED could achieve good reliability with a NiO/ITO contact layer. Using transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer analyses, we observed In-contained metallic interface between the p-GaN layer and the pure ITO contact layer after annealing at . It revealed that ITO would react at interface or indiffuse near the interface at . The LED was degraded with unstable interfaces after life tests (stressed by a current injection). To improve the reliability of GaN-based LEDs with the ITO contact layer, we suggest that the NiO layer be used to prevent the reaction and block the leakage pathway.
Rheometry and detection of apparent wall slip for Poiseuille flow of polymer solutions and particulate dispersions by nuclear magnetic resonance velocimetry (1996)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Stephen J. Gibbs, Kieran L. James, Laurance D. Hall, Derek E. Haycock, William J. Frith, Stephen Ablett; Rheometry and detection of apparent wall slip for Poiseuille flow of polymer solutions and particulate dispersions by nuclear magnetic resonance velocimetry. J. Rheol. 1 May 1996; 40 (3): 425–440. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.550752 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
THE EFFECTS OF DELAYED FUNCTION OF RECIPIENTS OF CADAVER RENAL ALLOGRAFTS (1986)

We randomized 158 recipients of cadaver renal allografts to cyclosporine-prednisone (83) or antilymphocyte globulin-azathioprine-prednisone (75) to evaluate: the effects of immunosuppression and pretransplant risk factors on the incidence of delayed graft function, the effects of immunosuppression on the resolution of delayed graft function, and the effects of delayed graft function and pretransplanted risk factors on patient and graft survival. Cyclosporine did not increase the incidence of delayed graft function, compared with ALG-azathioprine-treated patients (33% versus 27%, P = 0.550) but doubled the mean (+/- SD) duration of oliguria (11.8 +/- 11.0 versus 5.9 +/- 3.2 days, P = 0.002) and the number of required dialyses (6.6 +/- 7.6 versus 3.2 +/- 1.3, P = 0.031). Retransplanted patients had a higher incidence of delayed graft function that recipients of primary grafts in both the cyclosporine (82% versus 25%, P = 0.001) and ALG-azathioprine (55% versus 22%, P = 0.025) treatment groups. The presence of delayed function reduced one-year graft survival from 89% in all patients without delayed function to 72% (P = 0.011) in all patients with delayed function. Cyclosporine-treated patients had a slightly, but not significantly better one-year graft survival rate than ALG-azathioprine treated patients both with (73% versus 68%, P = 0.750) and without (92% versus 82%, P = 0.069) delayed graft function. A preservation time longer than 24 hr did not increase the incidence of delayed graft function in cyclosporine-treated patients (34% versus 32%, P = 0.811) or ALG-azathioprine-treated patients (27% versus 27%, P = 0.902). Cyclosporine-treated patients given kidneys with greater than 24 hr of preservation time had reduced graft survival only when delayed graft function occurred (67% versus 92%, P = 0.009). In conclusion, (1) cyclosporine did not increase the incidence of delayed graft function over ALG-azathioprine treatment; (2) cyclosporine did significantly slow recovery of kidneys with delayed function; (3) delayed graft function correlated with poorer graft survival rate in both treatment groups; but (4) prolonged preservation time did not increase the incidence of delayed graft function or reduce graft survival.
Partitioning of 3D Meshes using Reeb Gra (2006)

In this paper, a model is proposed for partitioning of 3D objects based on Reeb graphs. The model is motivated by perceptual principles and supports identification of the main protrusions of an object. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution with respect to ground-truth data represented by manually segmented objects
Potential of Demand Management as a Short-term Means of Relieving Airport Congestion (2001)

Rapid air traffic growth combined with limited airport airside capacities have led to ever-increasing delays. When the demand for air travel and the general economy recover from the current crisis, it is conceivable that air traffic congestion may again come to the fore. Given the rather bleak prospects for significant near-term increases in airport runway system capacity, it is likely that demand for runway access may need to be carefully managed to keep flight delays under control. While various approaches to demand management have been suggested in the research literature, few studies to date have provided quantitative evidence on two major questions: the magnitude of the impact that demand management may have; and the extent to which the current weight-based landing fee systems under-price airside access to busy airports. In this paper, we address in quantitative terms these issues, using as case studies for illustration, New York's LaGuardia, Boston’s Logan International and Austin’s Bergstrom International airports. We furher propose a framework for developing future demand management policies.
Transport-based morphometry of nuclear structures of digital pathology images in cancers (2023)

Alterations in nuclear morphology are useful adjuncts and even diagnostic tools used by pathologists in the diagnosis and grading of many tumors, particularly malignant tumors. Large datasets such as TCGA and the Human Protein Atlas, in combination with emerging machine learning and statistical modeling methods, such as feature extraction and deep learning techniques, can be used to extract meaningful knowledge from images of nuclei, particularly from cancerous tumors. Here we describe a new technique based on the mathematics of optimal transport for modeling the information content related to nuclear chromatin structure directly from imaging data. In contrast to other techniques, our method represents the entire information content of each nucleus relative to a template nucleus using a transport-based morphometry (TBM) framework. We demonstrate the model is robust to different staining patterns and imaging protocols, and can be used to discover meaningful and interpretable information within and across datasets and cancer types. In particular, we demonstrate morphological differences capable of distinguishing nuclear features along the spectrum from benign to malignant categories of tumors across different cancer tissue types, including tumors derived from liver parenchyma, thyroid gland, lung mesothelium, and skin epithelium. We believe these proof of concept calculations demonstrate that the TBM framework can provide the quantitative measurements necessary for performing meaningful comparisons across a wide range of datasets and cancer types that can potentially enable numerous cancer studies, technologies, and clinical applications and help elevate the role of nuclear morphometry into a more quantitative science. The source codes implementing our method is available at https://github.com/rohdelab/nuclear_morphometry.
Random Insertional Mutagenesis of a Serotype 2 Dengue Virus Clone (2018)

Protein tagging is a powerful method of investigating protein function. However, modifying positive-strand RNA virus proteins in the context of viral infection can be particularly difficult as their compact genomes and multifunctional proteins mean even small changes can inactivate or attenuate the virus. Although targeted approaches to functionally tag viral proteins have been successful, these approaches are time consuming and inefficient. A strategy that has been successfully applied to several RNA viruses is whole-genome transposon insertional mutagenesis. A library of viral genomes, each containing a single randomly placed small insertion, is selected by passaging in cell culture and the insertion sites can be identified using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Here we describe a protocol for transposon mutagenesis of the 16681 strain of dengue virus, serotype 2. Mutant dengue virus libraries containing short randomly placed insertions are passaged through mammalian cells and insertions are mapped by NGS of the viable progeny. The protocol is divided into four stages: transposon mutagenesis of a dengue cDNA clone, viral genome transfection into permissive cells, isolation of viral progeny genomes, and sequencing library preparation.
Comparative Analysis of Mutant Huntingtin Binding Partners in Yeast Species (2018)

Huntington's disease is caused by the pathological expansion of a polyglutamine (polyQ) stretch in Huntingtin (Htt), but the molecular mechanisms by which polyQ expansion in Htt causes toxicity in selective neuronal populations remain poorly understood. Interestingly, heterologous expression of expanded polyQ Htt is toxic in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, but has no effect in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, a related yeast species possessing very few endogenous polyQ or Q/N-rich proteins. Here, we used a comprehensive and unbiased mass spectrometric approach to identify proteins that bind Htt in a length-dependent manner in both species. Analysis of the expanded polyQ-associated proteins reveals marked enrichment of proteins that are localized to and play functional roles in nucleoli and mitochondria in S. cerevisiae, but not in S. pombe. Moreover, expanded polyQ Htt appears to interact preferentially with endogenous polyQ and Q/N-rich proteins, which are rare in S. pombe, as well as proteins containing coiled-coil motifs in S. cerevisiae. Taken together, these results suggest that polyQ expansion of Htt may cause cellular toxicity in S. cerevisiae by sequestering endogenous polyQ and Q/N-rich proteins, particularly within nucleoli and mitochondria.
Iodide Impurities in Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) Products: Lot−Lot Variations and Influence on Gold Nanorod Synthesis (2010)

Recent reports [Smith and Korgel Langmuir 2008, 24, 644-649 and Smith et al. Langmuir 2009, 25, 9518-9524] have implicated certain hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) products with iodide impurities, in the failure of a seed-mediated, silver and surfactant-assisted growth protocol, to produce gold nanorods. We used two of the three "suspect" CTAB products and a "good" CTAB product in the protocol, varying silver nitrate solutions in the growth solutions. We obtained excellent gold nanorod samples as witnessed in signature longitudinal plasmon peaks in optical extinction spectra, which we substantiated using electron microscopy. Analysis of these samples using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) failed to detect iodide. We subsequently learnt from discussions with Smith et al. that different lot numbers within the same product had been analyzed by our respective laboratories. We can conclude that iodide impurities can vary significantly from lot to lot within a product, to such an extent that there is no guarantee that gold nanorods can be synthesized with one or other CTAB product. Conversely, labeling a CTAB product, identified by a product number or supplier name, as one whose use precludes the formation of nanorods, is also hasty.