gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Concentrations of lipids and apolipoproteins in patients with clinically well-controlled insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes. (1989)

The triglyceride and cholesterol content of total, very-low-, intermediate-, low-, and high-density lipoproteins, and of apolipoproteins (apo) Al, All, B, Cll, Clll, and E were determined in plasma from 107 patients with clinically well-controlled diabetes and from 66 age- and weight-matched healthy normal subjects. The diabetic patients were separated into two groups: those with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type 1, n = 24) and those with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM, type 2, n = 83). The latter group contained two subgroups: those treated by diet (type 2d, n = 42) or by insulin (type 2i, n = 41). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased in IDDM patients, and decreased in NIDDM patients relative to control subjects. Mean apo Al values in IDDM patients were higher than in their respective controls and in NIDDM patients. Concentrations of apo B, Clll, and E were higher in all diabetic patients than in the healthy controls, but those of apo Cll did not differ statistically between diabetics and nondiabetics. Although total plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were apparently near normal values in patients with good glycemic control, we found a persistent increase of intermediate-density lipoproteins (remnants) in all the diabetic groups studied. This factor may be related to the perceived increased cardiovascular risk in these individuals.
BERT & Family Eat Word Salad: Experiments with Text Understanding (2021)

In this paper, we study the response of large models from the BERT family to incoherent inputs that should confuse any model that claims to understand natural language. We define simple heuristics to construct such examples. Our experiments show that state-of-the-art models consistently fail to recognize them as ill-formed, and instead produce high confidence predictions on them. As a consequence of this phenomenon, models trained on sentences with randomly permuted word order perform close to state-of-the-art models. To alleviate these issues, we show that if models are explicitly trained to recognize invalid inputs, they can be robust to such attacks without a drop in performance.
Plataformas digitais: benefícios para a educação do século XXI (2020)

São recorrentes as transformações sociais ocasionadas pelaS influências das novas tecnologias digitais. Consequentemente surgem novas plataformas que exigem habilidades e competências dos professores para auxiliar em sua prática docente. Essas novas ações fazem parte do que chamamos de comportamento infocomunicacional, determinado pelas novas tecnologias digitais. Assim como diversos campos sociais sofrem com estas novas formas de interação, o campo educacional também passa por transformações e apresenta novas possibilidades de interação com os recursos da web 2.0. Neste seguimento, o presente artigo pretende apresentar um estudo analítico sobre os exemplos de plataformas digitais educacionais que possam auxiliar na prática docente e auxiliar com novas possibilidades de interação entre professor-aluno e aluno-aluno. As plataformas digitais educacionais selecionadas para este estudo são: Sapo Campus, Moodle e Edmodo.
Efficient routing for peer-to-peer overlays (2004)

Most current peer-to-peer lookup schemes keepa small amount of routing state per node, typically logarithmic in the number of overlay nodes. This de-sign assumes that routing information at each member node must be kept small, so that the book-keeping required to respond to system membership changes is also small, given that aggressive mem-bership dynamics are expected. As a consequence, lookups have high latency as each lookup requirescontacting several nodes in sequence. In this paper, we question these assumptions bypresenting two peer-to-peer routing algorithms with small lookup paths. First, we present a one-hoprouting scheme. We show how to disseminate information about membership changes quickly enoughso that nodes maintain accurate routing tables with complete membership information. We also deduce analytic bandwidth requirements for our scheme that demonstrate its feasibility.We also propose a two-hop routing scheme for large scale systems of more than a few million nodes,where the bandwidth requirements of one-hop routing can become too large. This scheme keeps a fixed-fraction of the total routing state on each node, chosen such that the first hop has low latency, and thusthe additional delay is small. Structured peer-to-peer overlays like Chord [15],CAN [11], Pastry [13], and Tapestry [18] provide a
Topical Voriconazole as a Novel Treatment for Fungal Keratitis (2005)

Paecilomyces lilacinus is a fungal pathogen which is generally resistant to amphotericin B and certain other antifungals and is an uncommon cause of devastating fungal keratitis. In the present studies, we evaluated topical voriconazole as therapy for P. lilacinus keratitis in rabbits. Thirty eyes of 15 rabbits were studied. In five animals, the uninfected left eye was treated twice daily with voriconazole (drug control, uninfected eye). In these same animals, the right eye was infected with P. lilacinus but not treated with voriconazole (infection control eye). By day 5, the infection controls had lesions of >2.4 mm in diameter, with conjunctivitis and severe hypopyon, and were sacrificed. In the other 10 rabbits (voriconazole treatment), the right eyes were infected with P. lilacinus and treated with voriconazole beginning on day 3 after infection. Voriconazole therapy caused lesions to decrease during 8 days of therapy, after which rabbits were sacrificed (11 days postinfection). Hyphal masses were present in the control infected eyes and absent in treated infected eyes. Voriconazole was detected in all tissues of treated eyes. Topical voriconazole is effective treatment for P. lilacinus experimental keratitis, and it penetrates more deeply than the corneal tissue.
The molecular machinery for cAMP-dependent immunomodulation in T-cells (2006)

cAMP inhibits Src-family kinase signalling by PKA (protein kinase A)-mediated phosphorylation and activation of Csk (C-terminal Src kinase). The PKA type I–Csk pathway is assembled and localized in membrane microdomains (lipid rafts) and regulates immune responses activated through the TCR (T-cell receptor). PKA type I is targeted to the TCR–CD3 complex during T-cell activation via an AKAP (A-kinase-anchoring protein) that serves as a scaffold for the cAMP–PKA/Csk pathway in lipid rafts of the plasma membrane during T-cell activation. Displacement of PKA by anchoring disruption peptides prevents cAMP/PKA type I-mediated inhibition of T-cell activation. These findings provide functional evidence that PKA type I regulation of T-cell responses is dependent on AKAP anchoring. Furthermore, we show that upon TCR/CD28 co-ligation, β-arrestin in complex with PDE4 (phosphodiesterase 4) is recruited to lipid rafts. The CD28-mediated recruitment of PDE4 to lipid rafts potentiates T-cell immune responses and counteracts the local, TCR-induced production of cAMP that produces negative feedback in the absence of a co-receptor stimulus. The specific recruitment of PDE4 thus serves to abrogate the negative feedback by cAMP which is elicited in the absence of a co-receptor stimulus.
Poisson Image Analogy: Texture-Aware Seamless Cloning (2013)

Synthesizing two images with seamless boundaries, i.e. seamless image cloning, is important and has many useful applications in CG. Previous approaches do not produce realistic results if texture details of the two images are different.We propose a novel texture-aware seamless cloning framework based on separately processing the details and base image colors. The proposed framework provides realistic cloning results with seamless texture details.
Use of EcoTILLING to identify natural allelic variants of melon candidate genes involved in fruit ripening plant gems (2009)

International audience
Dietary protein requirement of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) during early stages (2005)

International audience
An Approach to Lower the Threshold Laser Power of Super-Resolutional-Readout Optical Disk Using Silver Telluride Layer (2004)

Silver telluride (Ag2Te) thin film was used in an optical disk to achieve super-resolutional readout at low threshold laser power. Ag2Te was selected since it shows a reversible phase change at low temperature (around 145°C), and we confirmed that it accompanies an optical property change. Recorded mark with its size (200 nm) smaller than the resolution limit was successfully retrieved at the laser power of 1.0 mW. This power is much lower than the one needed for a typical super-resolution near-field structure disk (2–4 mW) that also uses platinum oxide as a recording layer. A calculation indicated that the temperature increment is 160°C when the laser power is 1.0 mW, and this supports the use of phase change during the super-resolutional readout. Carrier-to-noise ratio is low (23 dB) for the Ag2Te-used disk at the moment, and this still needs further improvement.
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Incidence and Risk Stratification Among Natalizumab Users in France (2019)

The results of this study suggest, for the first time, a decrease in natalizumab-associated PML incidence since 2013 in France that may be associated with a generalized use of John Cunningham virus serologic test results; this finding appears to support the continuation and reinforcement of educational activities and risk-minimization strategies in the management of disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis.
Use of milk fatty acids composition to discriminate area of origin of bulk milk (2010)

The fatty acid composition of cow milk, collected in a survey from 19 dairy farms in the border area between Italy and Slovenia, was investigated for 2 consecutive years (2005 and 2006) to assess the possibility of discriminating the area of the origin of the milk. Farms were selected based on diet, animal breed, and farm management to represent the local variability of the systems. In Slovenian farms, grass silage and hay prevailed over corn silage and concentrate feeds, whereas in Italian farms, hay and concentrates were the predominant components of the diet. Fifty-three fatty acids were separated and quantified in Italian and Slovenian milks. Saturated fatty acids represented the most abundant class, followed by monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Significant differences were observed between Italian and Slovenian milks for the concentration of 40 fatty acids, whereas significant differences were observed between years of production for 15 fatty acids. Discriminant analysis was used to identify a classification criterion of milk, using country and year of production as grouping variables. Considering statistical results and the scatter plot of the scores of the first 2 functions, the best discriminant criteria were those based on unsaturated fatty acids and on fatty acids with several carbon atoms >or=18.
Modulation of transient outward current by extracellular protons and Cd2+ in rat and human ventricular myocytes (1998)

1. The effects of extracellular acidosis and Cd2+ on the transient outward current (Ito) have been investigated in rat and human ventricular myocytes, using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. 2. In rat myocytes, exposure to acidic extracellular solution (pH 6.0) shifted both steady-state activation and inactivation curves to more positive potentials, by 20.5 +/- 2.7 mV (mean +/- S.E.M.; n = 4) and 19.8 +/- 1.2 mV, respectively. Cd2+ also shifted the activation and inactivation curves in a positive direction in a concentration-dependent manner. 3. In human myocytes, the steady-state activation and inactivation curves were located at more positive potentials. The effect of Cd2+ was similar, but acidosis had less effect than in rat myocytes (e.g. pH 6.0 shifted activation by only 7.2 +/- 2.2 mV and inactivation by 13.7 +/- 0.5 mV; n = 4). 4. In both species, the effect of acidosis decreased with increasing concentrations of Cd2+ and vice versa, suggesting competition between H+ and Cd2+ for a common binding site. 5. The data indicate that acidosis and divalent cations influence Ito via a similar mechanism and act competitively in both rat and human myocytes, but that human cells are less sensitive to the effects of acidosis.
Photon echoes in standing-wave fields: Time separation of spatial harmonics (1979)

A calculation is presented to describe the response of an atomic system subjected to two strong standing-wave field pulses separated in time. One finds a sequence of output pulses following input pulses which is reminiscent of classical photon echoes. A physical picture of the processes involved in echo formation is presented, and connection is made with the classical picture of photon echoes. The application of these techniques to collision studies is emphasized. It is shown that studies of echoes produced by standing-wave fields can prove advantageous for exploring the effects of small-angle scattering on both level populations and atomic coherences.
Generation of 5 and 17 kDa human growth hormone fragments through limited proteolysis (2009)

Thermolysin processes hGH generating 5 and 17 kDa fragments, demonstrating the feasibility of this reaction, although the enzyme responsible for this process in humans is still unknown. Specific antibodies should be used to detect these fragments in human specimens, and, at the same time, the 17 kDa fragment could constitute an interference in some hGH immunoassays.
Balanced distributed-element phase shifter (2005)

We present a balanced distributed-element phase shifter based on a nonlinear transmission line (NLTL) structure. Results show the second harmonic is more than 13dB lower at 0-V bias than a conventional single-ended NLTL phase shifter. We fabricated both balanced and conventional NLTL phase shifters with the same coplanar waveguide (CPW) design and diodes, and observed that phase shifting and insertion loss for both structures were quite similar, yet harmonic distortion was greatly improved in the balanced structure.
Observation of high-energy vibrational overtones of molecules in solids: Local modes and intramolecular relaxations (1979)

In the last few years, the spectra of vibrational overtones (1) (at ~15-20,000 cm^-1) in large molecules have received considerable attention. The focus is on three problems dealing with the origin of relaxation at such high energies, the association of spectral band positions with the local modes (LM) in molecules, and the relevance of these spectra to possible selectivity in laser-induced chemistry.
A COMPARISON OF THE ANTIFERTILITY AND HORMONAL ACTIVITIES OF SOME NEW SYNTHETIC OESTROGENS (1966)

ABSTRACT The oestrogenic and post-coital antifertility activities of fourteen new synthetic steroids have been compared in the mouse and rat. The uterotrophic and post-coital antifertility potencies did not exactly parallel each other in either species. Maximum activity was found to reside in different compounds in the two species. The optimal day for prevention of pregnancy by administration of a single dose of BDH 2700 (17α-chloroethynyl-3,17β-dimethoxy-oestra1,3,5(10)-triene), a representative member of the series, was the third or fourth day of pregnancy in the mouse and the fourth day in the rat. The minimum completely effective dose was 90 μg/kg in the mouse and 810 μg/kg in the rat. The post-coital antifertility activity of BDH 2700 in the rat has been demonstrated as resulting from an increase in the rate of egg transport with their eventual expulsion through the vagina.
Moisture depth profiling in paper using near-infrared spectroscopy (2007)

A near-infrared spectroscopic method and measurement system for moisture depth profiling is presented in this thesis. The measurement system is based on a fibre-optic light source and probes, and a hyperspectral imaging spectrograph. The probes feature six different measurement geometries, including a specular reflection measurement, and diffuse reflection and transmission measurements, all of which are measured in seven positions simultaneously. A theoretical analysis of the depth profiling capabilities of the system is presented, as well as laboratory tests of the system performance. Based on these, the analysis depth of the reflection moisture measurement in a 75 μm thick uncoated paper is estimated to be about 40 μm. It is also shown that the depth profiling properties depend on the average moisture content of the paper, and that the inclusion of a coating layer complicates the depth profiling. The use of the theoretical analysis results in the interpretation of the measurement results is also discussed. As the main application, the measurement system was installed on a pilot-scale paper coating machine. The feasibility of semi-quantitative moisture depth profiling during the coating process is shown. The determination of the first and second critical concentrations of the coating colour consolidation process is also discussed. Detailed results from the extensive programme of trial runs are presented, along with discussion of the physics behind the measurements. It is found that the water transport characteristics measured during the coating process are not in accordance with mass and heat transfer theories in some respects. Also, the specular reflection measurement results do not behave as expected, making the determination of the first critical concentration impossible in some cases. Instead, the second critical concentration is easily detected, but does not always behave as expected. Reasons for the unexpected behaviour of the measurements are discussed, and conclusions drawn about the water transport during the coating process.
Catoms: moving robots without moving parts (2005)

The focus of this realist review was on e-learning for registered nurses. As such, no patient or public contribution was sought or given in the development, progress and writing of the submitted manuscript.
Seismic Fluid Prediction in Heterogeneous Reservoirs (2006)

As we are running out of oil, and the oil price is reaching new hights, the oil industry is increasing the focus on exploration and production of heterogeneous reservoirs. In this paper we focus on the rock physics of shaly sands, and how different types of clay configurations will affect the rock stiffness and pore fluid sensitivity. Laminated sands and shaly sands with pore-filling clays will have different fluid sensitivity. We find that lamination will increase the Vp/Vs ratio for gas saturated sands compared to clean sands, in contrary to sands with pore-filling clay, where the Vp/Vs ratio will be relatively less affected by the clay content. This is related to the reduced shear effect induced by the micro-scale clay lamina. Next, we study the effect of net-to-gross and scale on fluid sensitivity using the Backus Average method. Here we also observe an increase in Vp/Vs ratio. Gas saturated thin-bedded sands will have Vp/Vs ratios similar to oil-saturated clean, homogeneous sands. This is related to the patchy saturation induced by the geologic heterogeneities. We also study the effect of anisotropy on the fluid sensitivity of heterogeneous reservoirs.
Dressing of Vitreous Bonded Wheels for Continuous Generating Grinding of Gears (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Optical and Magnetic Resonance Investigations of 3d Ions in Single Crystal Hosts: Candidates for Tunable Solid-State Lasers (1994)

Abstract : A comprehensive report is presented on EPR and correlated optical spectroscopic studies conducted in our laboratory on a new class of solid-state materials with potential utility as near IR lasers. All of the studied materials involve oxide host lattices (Silicates, vanadates, and germanates) doped with 3d transition metal-ions (chromium and manganese). The novelty of the materials is connected to the tetrahedral coordination and unusual oxidation state of the dopant ions. EPR spectroscopy is to determine the elemental identity of the dopant ions, the 'spin' of the ions and hence their oxidation numbers, and the crystallographic position of the ion hence its coordination number. These properties are then attached to relevant optical centers through magnetic resonance correlated optical spectroscopies, such as optical Zeeman spectroscopy. In the Cr:forsterite laser system, our results prove that the near IR lasing center is tetrahedral Cr3(+). In Mn:Ba3(VO4)2 EPR spectroscopy shows that tetrahedral Mn5(+) and Mn4(+) centers are both present in the material; a novel spin-echo pulsed laser double resonance method is introduced to prove that the tetrahedral Mn5(+) is the active center
Lung Computational Models and the Role of the Small Airways in Asthma (2019)

<b>Rationale:</b> Asthma is characterized by disease within the small airways. Several studies have suggested that forced oscillation technique-derived resistance at 5 Hz (R5) - resistance at 20 Hz (R20) is a measure of small airway disease; however, there has been limited validation of this measurement to date.<b>Objectives:</b> To validate the use of forced oscillation R5 - R20 as a measure of small airway narrowing in asthma, and to investigate the role that small airway narrowing plays in asthma.<b>Methods:</b> Patient-based complete conducting airway models were generated from computed tomography scans to simulate the impact of different degrees of airway narrowing at different levels of the airway tree on forced oscillation R5 - R20 (<i>n</i> = 31). The computational models were coupled with regression models in an asthmatic cohort (<i>n</i> = 177) to simulate the impact of small airway narrowing on asthma control and quality of life. The computational models were used to predict the impact on small airway narrowing of type-2 targeting biologics using pooled data from two similarly design randomized, placebo-controlled biologic trials (<i>n</i> = 137).<b>Measurements and Main Results:</b> Simulations demonstrated that narrowing of the small airways had a greater impact on R5 - R20 than narrowing of the larger airways and was associated (above a threshold of approximately 40% narrowing) with marked deterioration in both asthma control and asthma quality of life, above the minimal clinical important difference. The observed treatment effect on R5 - R20 in the pooled trials equated to a predicted small airway narrowing reversal of approximately 40%.<b>Conclusions:</b> We have demonstrated, using computational modeling, that forced oscillation R5 - R20 is a direct measure of anatomical narrowing in the small airways and that small airway narrowing has a marked impact on both asthma control and quality of life and may be modified by biologics.