gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reproducibility of total perfusion deficit measurements for rubidium-82 PET myocardial perfusion imaging (2015)

1503 Objectives Accurate detection and sizing of perfusion defects is important for diagnosis and prognosis evaluation in patients with coronary artery disease. Total perfusion deficit (TPD) values calculated by several automated software programs reflect the total extent and severity of perfusion defects, and have been shown to correlate well with visual interpretation of sum stress score. The goal of this study was to compare TPD values from two widely-used clinical software packages to determine reproducibility and confirm agreement with visual scores. Methods Rest and stress images were evaluated from 25 patients (50 scans) with angiographically confirmed coronary artery disease, who underwent rubidium-82 PET myocardial perfusion imaging. Static ungated images were processed using 2 commonly used clinical software packages: Corridor 4DM-PET (Invia, MI) and Quantitative PET (QPET; Cedars-Sinai, CA) to obtain regional measurements of TPD for stress, rest and difference (stress-rest) using reference normal databases. QPET has been previously shown to correlate well with visual scores, thus correlations of TPD values from 4DM-PET with QPET, and with visual sum stress, sum rest and sum difference scores (SSS, SRS, SDS) assigned by an expert reader, were assessed via linear regression and Bland-Altman analysis. Results Very good correlation was observed between 4DM-PET and QPET stress and difference TPD measurements: R2=0.96 and 0.92, respectively. Correlation of rest TPD values was lower (R2=0.77), likely due to the smaller range of measured values. Mean differences were small: 1.3±1.8% for stress, 0.3±1.3% for rest, and 0.8±1.6% for difference TPD. Comparison of 4DM-PET TPD values with visual scores also resulted in very good agreement with SSS (R2=0.93) and SDS (R2=0.89); again, correlation of rest values was somewhat lower (R2=0.76). Conclusions Automated TPD measurements appear to be reproducible with the investigated software packages and demonstrate a good correlation with visual scores.
Analysis of resonance characteristics of surface plasmon-polariton modes at water-metal interfaces by Fano approximation (2020)

Abstract We estimate the resonance properties of SPP modes excited at water-metal interfaces using Fano approximations in the ultraviolet, visible and infrared regions. The results obtained by Fano approximation correspond to the exact estimations and suggest more simple approach to analysis and design of resonance structures.
Single electrode EEG data of healthy and epileptic patients (2020)

Single electrode scalp EEG data for healthy and epileptic patients that mimics the Bonn EEG dataset. Training data has 5 healthy and 5 epilepsy patients. Each subject has 40 files containing single electrode EEG data. Test data has 10 healthy and 10 epilepsy patients. Each subject has 20 files containing single electrode EEG data. The training data for both epileptic and healthy subjects is prefixed with "Train". The letter 'E' denotes epileptic patients and 'H' denotes healthy subjects, followed by patient number, then underscore and file number. For further technical details see the following publication: Panwar, S., Joshi, S. D., Gupta, A. &amp; Agarwal, P. Automated Epilepsy Diagnosis Using EEG with Test Set Evaluation. <em>IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng.</em> <strong>27</strong>, 1106–1116 (2019). This is dataset #2 mentioned in the above article.
Integrated optics components for interferometric beam combination (1998)

We present results on the application of integrated optics to singlemode near infrared astronomical interferometry. We review the laboratory optical properties of a two-telescope beamcombiner made by ion exchange on glass substrate. We report simultaneous detection of white-light interferograms with photometric calibration on the same detector. These encouraging results lead us into the design and the development of IONIC: an Integrated Optics Near-infrared Interferometric Camera. Finally we briefly discuss future developments of integrated optics applied to near-infrared interferometry carried out at LAOG.
Recent Work in Optical Chemical Sensor Development (1993)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Recent efforts to develop integrated, multi-sensor chemical detection systems for life support and life science applications are presented. Sensors have been developed using a variety of transduction mechanisms, but the focus of the work described here is on optical chemical sensor development.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Particular success has been realized in the area of fiber optic (optrode) sensors for monitoring pH in hydroponic growth media; in low (parts per billion) level detection of both atmospheric and dissolved NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;; and for monitoring CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. In addition multichannel optoelectronic interfaces, employing all solid state optical sources and detectors have been designed and tested for use with these sensors.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Recent work to assess the feasibility of using self-assembled monolayers and molecular assemblies, combined with microlithographic patterning techniques, for the detection of specific metals and anions in solution will also be presented.&lt;/div&gt;
Preparation and Experimental Study of a Low-Initial-Viscosity Gel Plugging Agent (2020)

The development of dominant seepage channels after polymer flooding makes it more difficult to effectively exploit reservoirs, and gel plugging technology is an effective method to solve this problem. However, conventional gels experience problems such as high initial viscosity and they easily contaminate the medium- and low-permeability layers. Therefore, a low-initial-viscosity gel plugging agent is proposed in this paper. By optimizing the concentration of polymer, cross-linking agent, and other functional auxiliaries, the best gel formulation was obtained. To test the plugging ability of the gel system on the core and its oil displacement effect, a plugging performance test experiment and three-tube core parallel oil displacement experiment were performed. The research results showed that the best formulation of gel plugging agent is as follows: 500-1000 mg/L polymer LH2500, 1000-2500 mg/L cross-linking agent CYJL, 200-500 mg/L citric acid, 100-150 mg/L sodium sulfite, and 100-200 mg/L sodium polyphosphate; its initial viscosity is less than 10 mPa·s, the gelation time is controllable within 10 to 40 days, and the gelation viscosity is above 2000 mPa·s. Core flooding experiments showed that the gel system has good core plugging performance, and the plugging rate of water from 0.48 to 3.9 μm<sup>2</sup> is more than 99%; for the secondary polymer flooding reservoir, the recovery factor can be increased by 13.6% after plugging with 0.1 PV gel. At present, the gel has been successfully used in field tests and provides good oil increase and water control effects.
A Comparison of the Reactions of Some Ethyl N-Arylcarbamates With Those of the Corresponding Acetanilides. II. Amidomethylation With N-Hydroxy-methylphthalimide (1990)

The reactions of some ethyl N- arylcarbamates and of the corresponding acetanilides towards 1 equiv. of N-hydroxymethylphthalimide in concentrated sulfuric acid at 50° have been compared with one another. In the case of certain para-substituted compounds, amidomethylation occurs more readily ortho to the carbamate group than to the N-acetyl group. The diagnostic use of (D6)benzene as a 1H n.m.r. solvent, particularly for the structural elucidation of the ortho-( phthalimidomethyl )- phenylcarbamates and -acetanilides, is reported. Acidic treatment of the ortho -( phthalimidomethyl ) phenylcarbamates, but not of the corresponding acetanilides, gave 8-substituted isoindolo [1,2-b]quinazolin-12(10H)-ones. Amidomethylation of the parent anilines is also described.
Early Detection of Progressive Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (2016)

2.
Eine Karte des quartären und tertiären Vulkanismus in Europa (1962)

Abstract. Die jungen (quartären und tertiären) Vulkangebiete Europas werden auf einer Karte dargestellt und dazu einige allgemeine Bemerkungen über zeitliche Verteilung, petrographische und tektonische Beziehungen des jungen Vulkanismus gemacht.
High-resolution inductive array imaging of buried objects (2000)

Despite ongoing research and development efforts, landmine and unexploded ordnance infestation continues to be a problem. Remediation efforts typically utilize inexpensive handheld metal detectors that rely on the principle of electromagnetic induction but have a limited depth of sensitivity and are unable to discriminate the shape, size, depth, and material type of the detected object. Conventional metal detectors can often detect all relevant metal objects. However, when instrument thresholds are set to a high level of sensitivity, unacceptably high false alarm rates result. To address these issues, a new design for inductive array detectors is under development. This design is founded on an advanced Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) sensor called the MWM that was originally developed at MIT and has been successfully commercialized for manufacturing and NDE applications. The MWM-Array offers several advantages: (1) high resolution imaging with deep penetration, (2) varied applied field direction across sensor footprint, (3) potential for wide bandwidth continuous wave of pulsed mode operation, (4) simultaneous sampling and parallel processing of data form sensing element arrays for rapid image building, and (5) when measurements of the sensor element responses are combined with model-based measurement grids, quantitative estimates of size and depth for known object shapes can assist in the classification and discrimination of detected objects, as well as the elimination of false detections.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the nasopharynx. Case reports and literature review. (1985)

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the nasopharynx is a rare disease with 34 previously reported cases in the literature. We report three additional cases with clinical presentation, treatment, and outcome. The presenting symptoms were facial pain in one case, middle ear effusion and epistaxis in another, and diplopia in the third. Radiotherapy was administered with relief of symptoms in all three cases. However, two patients with long-term follow-up developed local recurrence as well as distant metastases. The literature review showed that patients with this disease present with symptoms and signs such as insidious onset of facial pain, epistaxis, diplopia, and hearing loss. The final outcome, despite vigorous treatment, was dismal.
Towards quantitative analysis of core-shell catalyst nano-particles by aberration corrected high angle annular dark field STEM and EDX (2010)

Core-shell structured heterogeneous catalyst nano-particles offer the promise of more efficient precious metal usage and also novel functionalities but are as yet poorly characterised due to large compositional variations over short ranges. High angle annular dark field detector in a scanning transmission electron microscope is frequently used to image at high resolution because of its Z-contrast and incoherent imaging process, but generally little attention is paid to quantification. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis provides information on thickness and chemical composition and, used in conjunction with HAADF-STEM, aids interpretation of imaged nano-particles. We present important calibrations and initial data for truly quantitative high resolution analysis.
Self inspection of integrated circuits pattern defects using support vector machines (2005)

At various steps of integrated circuit manufacturing, defects need to be inspected to ensure process integrity. It is desirable to detect the defects based on the captured optical image itself without comparing to any reference image. Such a methodology of defect inspection without any reference image is called defect self inspection. In this article, we investigate the defect self inspection using the support vector machines, a pattern classification methodology, and present detection sensitivity of this approach.
Biodiversity and ITS-RFLP Characterisation of Aspergillus Section Nigri Isolates in Grapes from Four Traditional Grape-Producing Areas in Greece (2014)

A study on the occurrence of Aspergillus section Nigri species on grapes from four traditional grape-producing areas in Greece during the 2011/2012 vintage, and their capability to produce OTA was conducted. One hundred and twenty-eight black aspergilli isolates were characterised at the species level initially by the use of morphological criteria in accordance with appropriate keys, followed by molecular characterisation performed with Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of the 5.8 ribosomal RNA gene Internal Transcribed Spacer region (5.8 rRNA ITS). Restriction enzyme digestion of the ITS amplicons using the HhaI, HinfI and RsaI, endonucleases distinguished eleven different patterns of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), four for each of the HhaI and RsaI digests and three for HinfI. From a total number of 128 individual isolates, 124 were classified into four Aspergillus species corresponding to A. carbonarius, A. tubingensis, A. japonicus and A. ibericus, and the remaining 4 were classified as members of the A. niger aggregate. A. carbonarius and A. tubingensis being the main representative species were equally counted, with higher geographical representation of the former in southern and the latter in northern regions, respectively. All isolates were tested for their ochratoxigenic potential by use of High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA), resulting in significant interspecies differences in OTA production.
Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning for Air-to-Air Combat (2021)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming a critical component in the defense industry, as recently demonstrated by DARPA's AlphaDogfight Trials (ADT). ADT sought to vet the feasibility of AI algorithms capable of piloting an F-16 in simulated air-to-air combat. As a participant in ADT, Lockheed Martin's (LM) approach combines a hierarchical architecture with maximum-entropy reinforcement learning (RL), integrates expert knowledge through reward shaping, and supports modularity of policies. This approach achieved a 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> place finish in the final ADT event (among eight total competitors) and defeated a graduate of the US Air Force's (USAF) F-16 Weapons Instructor Course in match play.
Improved predictive testing for Huntington disease by using three linked DNA markers. (1988)

Eighty-five persons at risk for Huntington disease (HD) have enrolled in a predictive-testing pilot program. Informativeness of the test has been determined for 41 of these candidates by using linked DNA probes. Nine (21.9%) of these persons have been excluded from the test as a result of the unavailability of DNA from crucial family relatives. Homozygosity for all of the three DNA markers (D4S10, D4S62, and D4S95) was not found in any affected parent. Only one (2%) of the 41 test candidates has had an uninformative result. Results have been given to 20 persons, of whom 12 (60%) received a decreased risk and eight (40%) received an increased risk of having inherited the mutant gene for HD. The combined use of three DNA markers significantly increases the informativeness of family structures such that some change in the estimation of genetic risk is now possible for approximately 75% of all persons who request predictive testing.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of Stilbene Natural Product Piceatannol (V). (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Engineering zinc oxide hybrid selenium nanoparticles for synergetic anti-tuberculosis treatment by combining Mycobacterium tuberculosis killings and host cell immunological inhibition (2023)

These ZnO-Se NPs with synergetic anti-TB efficiency by combining the Mtb killing effects and host cell immunological inhibition effects were expected to serve as novel anti-TB agents for the development of more effective anti-TB strategy.
Comparison of hybrid poplar wood breakeven prices as affected by current and improved genetics (2021)

The impact of improved genetics from the University of Minnesota Duluth Natural Resources Research Institute (NRRI) hybrid poplar breeding program on breakeven hybrid poplar wood prices is discussed in this paper. After a review of previous economic analyses, the breakeven prices are presented that would cover costs other than land rent. Then, factors are provided for adjusting the price to reflect the land rental rate for a given location. The breakeven prices are presented both as stumpage and delivered to a mill. Breakeven delivered prices include the stumpage values plus conventional harvest and transportation costs to a hypothetical processing plant. Breakeven land rental rates are also provided at which poplar production would be profitable at recent aspen stumpage prices.&#13;\nThe impact of improved genetics from the University of Minnesota Duluth Natural Resources Research Institute (NRRI) hybrid poplar breeding program on breakeven hybrid poplar wood prices is discussed in this paper. After a review of previous economic analyses, the breakeven prices are presented that would cover costs other than land rent. Then, factors are provided for adjusting the price to reflect the land rental rate for a given location. The breakeven prices are presented both as stumpage and delivered to a mill. Breakeven delivered prices include the stumpage values plus conventional harvest and transportation costs to a hypothetical processing plant. Breakeven land rental rates are also provided at which poplar production would be profitable at recent aspen stumpage prices. &#13;\nThe analysis is based on a scenario where a biorefinery/bioproducts company owns and/or leases the land, controls the harvest and transportation of the wood, and delivers the wood to their own mill. The evaluation is based on two hybrid poplar annual growth increments: 3.6 dry tons and 5.4 dry tons per acre per year with a 9-, 10-, or 12-year rotation. 3.6 dry tons per acre per year is yield potential with current genotypes. 5.4 tons per acre per year is yield potential with new Gen 1.0 elite clones from our breeding. Stumpage prices without land cost included are lower than aspen stumpage prices for both unimproved and improved clones. Other things being equal, the improved genetics could be capitalized into a $36.37-per-acre increase in the financially permissible rental rate. Carbon credit markets could further improve returns on hybrid poplar plantations.
Microstructural analysis of Ti/Al/Ti/Au ohmic contacts to n-AlGaN/GaN (2002)

To develop high quality AlGaN/GaN heterostructure field effect transistors for use in high power, high frequency, and high temperature applications, low resistance, thermal stable ohmic contacts with good surface morphology are essential. Low specific contact resistances have been achieved using an Au/Ti/Al/Ti contact: a minimum value of 6.33×10−6 Ω cm2 was attained after annealing at 700 °C for 30 s. Microstructural analysis using transmission electron microscopy indicated that there is significant interaction between the metallization components and the semiconductor during annealing. The optimum electrical properties correspond to a microstructure that consists of Au2Ti and TiAl layers as well as of a thin Ti-rich layer (∼10 nm thick) at the metallization/AlGaN interface. Degradation of the contact occurred for annealing temperatures in excess of 750 °C, and was accompanied by decomposition of the AlGaN layer and formation of a Au–Ti–Al–Ga quaternary phase.
Multi-lingual translation of spontaneously spoken language in a limited domain (1996)

JANUS is a multi-lingual speech-to-speech translation system designed to facilitate communication between two parties engaged in a spontaneous conversation in a limited domain. In an attempt to achieve both robustness and translation accuracy we use two different translation components: the GLR module, designed to be more accurate, and the Phoenix module, designed to be more robust. We analyze the strengths and weaknesses of each of the approaches and describe our work on combining them. Another recent focus has been on developing a detailed end-to-end evaluation procedure to measure the performance and effectiveness of the system. We present our most recent Spanish-to-English performance evaluation results.
Assessing the UN Millennium Development goals (2011)

In 2000, the United Nations adopted eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) agreed to by 189 Heads of Government at the UN World Development Summit. This paper examines the background to the development of the MDGs and the progress made towards achieving them. In the struggle to halve extreme poverty, to achieve universal primary education and to achieve other MDGs by 2015, progress is, at best, patchy. Some MDGs may be achievable, given sustained global political support, strong partnerships and well-co-ordinated effort, but other MDGs and the strategies being used need to be rethought. In this paper, issues relating to poverty; political will; quality and equality; partnerships; goals, targets, indicators and monitoring progress; and the effectiveness of poverty reduction strategies are examined. Finally, some ways in which international and comparative educational research can make a difference are suggested.
Phemenological estimation of sterilization kinetics using dielectric barrier discharge (2008)

Summary form only given. Atmospheric pressure non-thermal plasma discharge has been observed to have strong antimicrobial properties. In an effort to understand the mechanism of plasma sterilization, a limited and basic kinetic model was made as a first step toward a fully descriptive and detailed model. The goal for this phenomenological estimation was to identify biologically active components of plasma discharge that were influential on the exposure time required for complete sterilization. This estimation is currently capable of predicting the sterilization times of an airborne microorganism sterilization setup and a surface sterilization setup on agar within one order of magnitude. The biologically active components of plasma included in this estimation are ozone, hydroxyl radicals, ultraviolet radiation, nitric oxide, and nitrogen ions. Using empirical data, reaction rate coefficients were developed to describe the rate at which microorganisms will inactivate when in presence of each of these plasma components. Using the reaction rate coefficients and calculated concentrations of each plasma species, the estimation predicts the bacteria population reduction given plasma exposure time and vice versa.