gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial studies of the leaf of cannabis sativa L. (1995)

In vitro antimicrobial studies were conducted with aqueous, ethanolic and Petroleum ether extracts of the leaves of Cannabis sativa L. The acidic fraction was obtained from the ethanolic extract and 2% Sodium Hydroxide extract. Ethanolic extract, petroleum ether extract and the acidic fraction exhibited activity both against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and also against the fungi used in the study. The aqueous extract however, did not show any antimicrobial activity.
The Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile Infection in Children: A Population-Based Study (2013)

In this population-based cohort, CDI incidence in children increased significantly from 1991 through 2009. Given that the majority of cases were community-acquired, estimates of the incidence of CDI that include only hospitalized children may significantly underestimate the burden of disease in children.
Neurolinguistic Approach to Vector Representation of Medical Concepts (2007)

Putative brain processes responsible for understanding language are based on spreading activation in semantic networks, providing enhanced representations that involve concepts not found directly in the text. Approximation of this process is of great practical and theoretical interest. Vector model should reflect activations of various concepts in the brain spreading through associative network. Medical ontologies are used to select concepts of specific semantic type and add to each of them related concepts, providing expanded vector representations. The process is constrained by selection of useful extensions for the classification task. Short hospital discharge summaries are used to illustrate how this process works on a real, very noisy data. Results show significantly improved clustering and classification accuracy. A practical approach to mapping of associative networks of the brain involved in processing of specific concepts is presented.
Preliminary resolution performance of the prototype system for a 4-Layer DOI-PET scanner: jPET-D4 (2006)

We are developing a high-performance brain PET scanner, jPET-D4, which provides 4-layer depth-of-interaction (DOI) information. The scanner is designed to achieve not only high spatial resolution but also high scanner sensitivity with the DOI information obtained from multi-layered thin crystals. The scanner has 5 rings of 24 detector blocks each, and each block consists of 1024 GSO crystals of 2.9 mm/spl times/2.9 mm/spl times/7.5 mm, which are arranged in 4 layers of 16/spl times/16 arrays. At this stage, a pair of detector blocks and a coincidence circuit have been assembled into an experimental prototype gantry. In this paper, as a preliminary experiment, we investigated the performance of the jPET-D4's spatial resolution using the prototype system. First, spatial resolution was measured from a filtered backprojection reconstructed image. To avoid systematic error and reduce computational cost in image reconstruction, we applied the DOI compression (DOIC) method followed by maximum likelihood expectation maximization that we had previously proposed. Trade-off characteristics between background noise and resolution were investigated because improved spatial resolution is possible only when enhanced noise is avoided. Experimental results showed that the jPET-D4 achieves better than 3 mm spatial resolution over the field-of-view.
New method for the synthesis of perfluoro-beta, beta-dimethylacrylonitrile. Technical report, August-December 1985 (1988)

The title compound was prepared in modest yield by treatment of perfluoroisobutylene (PFIB) in acetonitrile solvent with potassium cyanide in the presence of 18-crown-6 ether catalyst. Product formation in the time course of the reaction was observed to follow a Gaussian rather than a plateau profile; maximum concentration occurred between 60 and 70 min with incomplete conversion of the PFIB. A major by-product of the reaction was tentatively identified as a condensation product of the PFIB and title compound. Reaction mechanisms consistent with experimental results are proposed to explain product and by-product formation. Suggestions for further work are proposed.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 2,5‐DISUBSTITUTED OXAZOLES FROM ALDEHYDES AND N‐(TOSYLMETHYL)IMINO SYNTHONS. APPLICATION TO THE SYNTHESIS OF PIMPRININE ANALOGS (1982)

Abstract Aus den Tosyl‐ Incthylimino‐Vcrbindungen (I) und den Bcruzaltlehycien (II Ientstehen die Oxuzolc (III), analog werden die Hndolaldehyde (IV) mit (I) zu malogen Oxazolen (V) kon iensiert, die jedoch im Vergleich zum Pimprinin (VIa) und seinem Carbomethoxymalogon (VIb) nur geringe Antihistamin‐Wirkung zeigen.
Avalanche Diode Low Energy X-Ray and Nuclear Particle Detector (1986)

Avalanche diodes which are sensitive enough to detect low energy x-rays and beta particles have been fabricated and tested. They operate at room temperature and their structure is based on large area avalanche photodiodes. X-ray response has been measured over the energy range of 4 keV to 26 keV. At 5.9 keV a FWHM of 10% was obtained. In addition, multi-element sensors have been fabricated. Beta particles were detected from a variety of isotopic sources including C1-36, Sr-90, C-14 and H-3. The tritium beta particles, with 5 keV average energy, were detected with a 20% counting efficiency from a calibrated source. Tritium beta particles from biological samples were also measured. The high sensitivity to low energy x-rays and beta particles makes this detector useful for many industrial, military and commercial applications, and in particular for biomedical research.
Effect of Growth of Intermetallic Compound Layer in Tin Overlay to Bearing Performance (2006)

The sliding bearings for diesel engines include Pb, which is one of environmentally hazardous substances and the usage will be limited in near future. Therefore, the Pb free bearing which consists of pure Sn overlay and Cu-5 mass%Sn-1 mass%Ag sintered lining was developed. After engine bench test of the bearing, Cu-Sn intermetalic compounds are formed at the interface between Sn overlay and Cu alloy lining. Total thickness of the Cu-Sn intermetalic compounds is proportion to square root of time and is not affected by oil and pressure. In the results of a seizure test under local contact condition, the heat treated bearings which had intermetalic compounds layer, had approximately the similar seizure resistance to the bearings without intermetalic compounds. There is no problem by formation of the Cu-Sn intermetalic compounds.
An Application of Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor to Piles (2006)

In order to evaluate the applicability of an optical-fiber sensor system in the instrumentation of piles, laboratory and field tests were conducted. A multiplexed sensor system, constructed by arranging several Fiber-Bragg-Grating (FBG) sensors along a single optical fiber line, is capable of measuring local axial strains as a function of wavelength shifts. From the strains measured by FBG sensors, the distributions of axial load in three model piles and a field test pile are found to be comparable, in terms of both magnitude and trend, to those obtained from conventional strain gauges. The result of an application suggests that the FBG sensor system is an effective tool for the analysis of the axial load transfer in piles.
Association of a polymorphism in the collagen I ?1 gene with osteoporosis in French women (1998)

View article in HTML via Journals@Ovid Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A Substrate-Selective Enzyme-Catalysis Assembly Strategy for Oligopeptide Hydrogel-Assisted Combinatorial Protein Delivery (2017)

Oligopeptide hydrogels for localized protein delivery have considerable potential to reduce systemic side effects but maximize therapeutic efficacy. Although enzyme catalysis to induce formation of oligopeptide hydrogels has the merits of unique regio- and enantioselectivity and mild reaction conditions, it may cause the impairment of function and activity of the encapsulated proteins by proteolytic degradation during gelation. Here we report a novel enzyme-catalysis strategy for self-assembly of oligopeptide hydrogels using an engineered protease nanocapsule with tunable substrate selectivity. The protease-encapsulated nanocapsule shielded the degradation activity of protease on the laden proteins due to the steric hindrance by the polymeric shell weaved around the protease, whereas the small-molecular precursors were easier to penetrate across the polymeric network and access the catalytic pocket of the protease to convert to the gelators for self-assembling hydrogel. The resulting oligopeptide hydrogels supported a favorable loading capacity without inactivation of both an antiangiogenic protein, hirudin and an apoptosis-inducing cytokine, TRAIL as model proteins. The hirudin and TRAIL coloaded oligopeptide hydrogel for combination cancer treatment showed enhanced synergistic antitumor effects both in vitro and in vivo.
Overview of melt dynamics in laser processing (1991)

The role of convection in controlling laser melted pool geometry such as pool shape, undercut, and ripples; defects such as variable penetration, porosity, and lack offusion; and properties such as homogeneity has been studied by a number of researchers. This paper reviews the state-of-the art research in this area.
Radicals and scavengers. V. Steric hindrance and cage effects in the decompositions of several tert-butyl peresters (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRadicals and scavengers. V. Steric hindrance and cage effects in the decompositions of several tert-butyl perestersJohn P. LorandCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 9, 2867–2874Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00816a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00816a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views106Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pathologic basis of veterinary disease (2007)

Part One: General Pathology 1. Cellular Adaptations, Injury, and Death: Morphologic, Biomechanical, and Genetic Bases 2. Vascular Disorders and Thrombosis 3. Inflammation and Wound Healing 4. Mechanisms of Microbial Infections 5. Diseases of Immunity 6. Neoplasia and Tumor Biology Part Two: Pathology of Organ Systems 7. Alimentary System and the Peritoneum, Omentum, Mesentery, and Peritoneal Cavity 8. Hepatobiliary System and Exocrine Pancreas 9. Respiratory System, Mediastinum, and Pleurae 10. Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 11. The Urinary System 12. Endocrine System 13. Bone Marrow, Blood Cells, and Lymphatic System 14. Nervous System 15. Skeletal System 16. Bone, Joints, Tendons, and Ligaments 17. The Integument 18. Female Reproductive System and Mammary Gland 19. Male Reproductive System 20. The Ear and Eye Appendix: Photographic Techniques in Veterinary Pathology
Accelerating Join Operation for Relational Databases with FPGAs (2013)

In this paper, we investigate the use of field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to accelerate relational joins. Relational join is one of the most CPU-intensive, yet commonly used, database operations. Hashing can be used to reduce the time complexity from quadratic (naïve) to linear time. However, doing so can introduce false positives to the results which must be resolved. We present a hash-join engine on FPGA that performs hashing, conflict resolution, and joining on a PCIe-attached system, achieving greater than 11x speedup over software.
SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins fail to activate human dendritic cells or γδ T cells (2022)

γδ T cells are thought to contribute to immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but the mechanisms by which they are activated by the virus are unknown. Using flow cytometry, we investigated if the two most abundant viral structural proteins, spike and nucleocapsid, can activate human γδ T cell subsets, directly or in the presence of dendritic cells (DC). Both proteins failed to induce interferon-γ production by Vδ1 or Vδ2 T cells within fresh mononuclear cells or lines of expanded γδ T cells generated from healthy donors, but the same proteins stimulated CD3+ cells from COVID-19 patients. The nucleocapsid protein stimulated interleukin-12 production by DC and downstream interferon-γ production by co-cultured Vδ1 and Vδ2 T cells, but protease digestion and use of an alternative nucleocapsid preparation indicated that this activity was due to contaminating non-protein material. Thus, SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins do not have stimulatory activity for DC or γδ T cells. We propose that γδ T cell activation in COVID-19 patients is mediated by immune recognition of viral RNA or other structural proteins by γδ T cells, or by other immune cells, such as DC, that produce γδ T cell-stimulatory ligands or cytokines.
Quadriceps neuromuscular function and self-reported functional ability in knee osteoarthritis (2012)

The purposes of this study were to determine 1) the relationships of self-reported function scores in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) to both maximal isometric torque and to isotonic power at a variety of loads, and 2) the degree to which muscle volume (MV) or voluntary activation (VA) are associated with torque and power measures in this population. Isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque and isotonic power [performed at loads corresponding to 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% MVC, and a minimal load ("Zero Load")] were measured in 40 participants with knee OA. Functional ability was measured with the Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) function subscale. MV was determined with magnetic resonance imaging, and VA was measured with the interpolated twitch technique. In general, power measured at lower loads (Zero Load and 10-30% MVC, r(2) = 0.21-0.28, P < 0.05) predicted a greater proportion of the variance in function than MVC torque (r(2) = 0.18, P < 0.05), with power measured at Zero Load showing the strongest association (r(2) = 0. 28, P < 0.05). MV was the strongest predictor of MVC torque and power measures in multiple regression models (r(2) = 0.42-0.72). VA explained only 6% of the variance in MVC torque and was not significantly associated with power at any load (P > 0.05). Quadriceps MVC torque and power are associated with self-reported function in knee OA, but muscle power at lower loads is more predictive of function than MVC torque. The variance in MVC torque and power between participants is due predominantly to differences in MV and has little to do with deficits in VA.
IL-22 contributes to TGF-β1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in asthmatic bronchial epithelial cells (2013)

The impact of IL-22 on airway epithelial cells depends on the cytokine milieu and the clinical phenotype of the patient. Further studies are required to determine the molecular mechanism of IL-22 and TGF-β1 cooperativity in driving EMT in primary human bronchial epithelial cells.
A Novel Aluminum-Filled Composite Dielectric for Embedded Passive Applications (2006)

This paper presents the development of a novel aluminum-filled high dielectric constant composite for embedded passive applications. Aluminum is well known as a low-cost and fast self-passivation metal. The self-passivation forms a nanoscale insulating boundary outside of the metallic spheres, which has dramatic effects on the electrical, mechanical, and chemical behaviors of the resulting composites. Influences of aluminum particle size and filler loading on the dielectric properties of composites were studied. Because of the self-passivated insulating oxide layer of fine aluminum spheres, a high loading level of aluminum can be used while the composite materials continues to be insulating. Dielectric property measurement demonstrated that, for composites containing 80 wt% 3.0 /spl mu/m aluminum, a dielectric constant of 109 and a low dissipation factor of about 0.02 can be achieved. The dielectric constant of epoxy-aluminum composites increased almost 30 times as compared with that of the pure epoxy matrix, which is about 3.5. Die shear tests showed that at such loading level, materials still had good processability and good adhesion toward the substrate. Bulk resistivity measurement, high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) observation, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were conducted to characterize the aluminum powders in order to understand the dielectric behavior of aluminum-filled composites. Bimodal aluminum-filled composites were also systematically studied in order to further increase the dielectric constant. Ouchiyama-Tanaka's model was used to calculate the theoretical maximum packing fraction (MPF) of bimodal systems. Based on the calculation, rheology studies were performed to find the optimum bimodal filler volume fraction ratio that led to the best packing efficiency of bimodal fillers. It was found that the viscosity of polymer composites showed a minimum at optimum bimodal filler volume fraction ratio. A high dielectric constant of 160 (@10 kHz) with a low dissipation factor of less than 0.025 was achieved with the optimized bimodal aluminum composites. The developed aluminum composite is a promising candidate material for embedded capacitor applications.
Early Striatal Perfusion Deficits in Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer Disease Detected with Arterial Spin Labeled MRI. (P6.311) (2014)

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate alterations in cerbral blood flow (CBF) using arterial spin labeled (ASL)MRI in autosomal dominant AD (ADAD) mutation carriers (MC) compared to age-matched healthy controls. BACKGROUND:Recent work has identified alterations in (CBF) in elderly subjects with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer Dementia (AD) using MRI. However, similar studies are lacking autosomal dominant AD (ADAD). Furthermore, the higher prevalence of vascular disease in late onset AD may account for some of the alterations in CBF. ADAD subjects are generally free of significant vascular disease and offer the opportunity to measure CBF early in the pathologic process prior to significant symptom onset where unique markers might be identified. DESIGN/METHODS:13 MC (PS-1& APP) (CDR 0=9, CDR 0.5=3, CDR 1=1) and 50 controls underwent 3Tesla pASL-MRI. For the between group comparison (MC versus normal controls), a whole-brain voxel-wise t-test was applied to explore the effect of mutation carrier status on CBF before and after controlling for age and CDR score using SPM8 (FWE correction, p<0.05). RESULTS:MCs had significantly decreased perfusion in the caudate and inferior striatum bilaterally -an area with robust, early amyloid deposition unique to ADAD-even after controlling for age and CDR. Furthermore, separate areas of amyloid associated decreased CBF were associated with decreased performance of attention and executive function indicating possible early clinical impact of altered CBF in ADAD. CONCLUSIONS:This preliminary study indicates that early CBF changes can be identified in relatively asymptomatic subjects with ADAD, particularly in the anterior striatum -an area that demonstrates a unique pattern of early amyloid deposition. Furthermore, amyloid deposition is associated with decreased CBF even prior to significant cognitive or functional decline thus highlighting the necessity of extending the investigation of ASL in larger groups of ADAD subjects as well to spontaneous ADAD populations, particularly asymptomatic groups at high risk for developing AD. Study Supported by:National Institutes of Health grants: P50 AG005133, R37 AG025516, P01 AG025204; Doris Duke Foundation
Striatal firing rate reflects head movement velocity (2014)

Although the basal ganglia have long been implicated in the initiation of actions, their contribution to movement remains a matter of dispute. Using wireless multi-electrode recording and motion tracking, we examined the relationship between single-unit activity in the sensorimotor striatum and movement kinematics. We recorded single-unit activity from medium spiny projection neurons and fast-spiking interneurons while monitoring the movements of mice using motion tracking. In Experiment 1, we trained mice to generate movements reliably by water-depriving them and giving them periodic cued sucrose rewards. We found high correlations between single-unit activity and movement velocity in particular directions. This correlation was found in both putative medium spiny projection neurons and fast-spiking interneurons. In Experiment 2, to rule out the possibility that the observed correlations were due to reward expectancy, we repeated the same procedure but added trials in which sucrose delivery was replaced by an aversive air puff stimulus. The air puff generated avoidance movements that were clearly different from movements on rewarded trials, but the same neurons that showed velocity correlation on reward trials exhibited a similar correlation on air puff trials. These experiments show for the first time that the firing rate of striatal neurons reflects movement velocity for different types of movements, whether to seek rewards or to avoid harm.
Precipitation behaviour of an Fe–Co–Mo-alloy during non-isothermal ageing (2008)

Abstract Fe – Co – Mo alloys show hardening behaviour comparable to that of precipitation hardened Al-alloys, which is characterised by a low hardness after solution annealing and a significant increase in the hardness during subsequent ageing at higher temperatures. In this study, the precipitation behaviour of Fe-25% Co-15% Mo (wt.%) has been studied applying non-isothermal ageing. High sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry and atom probe tomography have been used to characterise the precipitation sequence. Three overlapping exothermic reactions, which are related to precipitation reactions, are observed in the temperature range of 400 to 700°C. The investigations have shown that precipitation starts with diffusion of Mo, followed by the formation of the intermetallic μ-phase which reaches its equilibrium composition at a temperature of about 615°C.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective N‐Sulfinyl Dienophile Diels‐Alder Cycloadditions. (1986)

Abstract Aus den optisch aktiven Alkoholen (Ia) und (IVa) werden über die Carbaminate (Ib) bzw. (IVb) die N‐Sul?nyl‐amide (Ic) bzw. (IVc) hergestellt und dann mit 1,3‐Cyclohexadien (II) umgesetzt, wobei in Gegenwart von Titantetrachlorid fast sterisch einheitliche Diels‐Alder‐ Addukte (III) bzw. (V) erhalten werden.