gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Economic Analysis of the Impact of Food Prices and Other Factors on Adult Lifestyles: Choices of Physical Activity and Healthy Weight (2009)

This paper examines women’s and men’s decisions to participate in physical activity and to attain a healthy weight. These outcomes are hypothesized to be related to prices of food, drink and health care services and products, the respondent’s personal characteristics (such as education, reading food labels, adjusted family income, opportunity cost of time, occupation, marital status, race and ethnicity) and his or her BMI at age 25. These decisions are represented by a trivariate probit model that is fitted to data for adults in the NLSY79 panel with geocodes that have been augmented with local area food, drink and health care prices. Separate analyses are undertaken for men and women due to basic physiological differences. Results include: Women and men who read food labels are more likely to participate in moderate and vigorous physical exercise, and women are less likely to be obese. Women with more education are more likely to be obese but educated men are less likely to be obesity. Higher prices for fresh fruits and vegetables and non-alcoholic drinks increase likelihood of obesity for females but not for males; and a higher price for processed fruits and vegetables reduce likelihood of obesity for females but not for males. A larger BMI at age 25 has wage effects later in life and also increases the probability of being obese.
Interpolative sigma delta modulators for high frequency power electronic applications (2002)

Design techniques for interpolative /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulators from communications are applied and adapted to improve the spectral characteristics of high frequency power electronic applications. Interpolative /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulators with hexagonal quantization are proposed for three-phase resonant DC link power converters. Experimental and simulation results for a resonant DC link show significant improvements in spectral performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Trauma Systems (1995)

Although trauma centers have been present in the United States since 1966, trauma systems are relatively new. In this issue ofThe Journal, Bazzoli et al1present an update on the progress of trauma system development in the United States. Their report represents an extension of a previous article by West et al.2In addition to reviewing the original eight trauma system criteria of West and colleagues, the current report expands on the original study and provides a more sophisticated analysis of trauma systems and their development. Bazzoli et al show that since the publication of the report by West et al the number of complete trauma systems in the United States has increased from a relatively abysmal two complete systems in 1987 to five complete systems in 1993. See also p 395. One of the reasons for writing this progress report is the contention by the authors
Les lasers à fibre pour applications médicales (2020)

Le laser à fibre constitue une révolution majeure dans le secteur des lasers. Encore une curiosité scientifique dans les années 1980, ce laser est maintenant établi comme une technologie laser de référence dans de nombreux secteurs tels que le marquage, le micro-usinage, la soudure ou la découpe de matériaux, mais aussi les applications médicales les plus récentes, notamment en ophtalmologie.
Localized density fluctuation measurements by tangential phase-contrast imaging in the TCV tokamak and comparisons with a synthetic diagnostic (2013)

Reference EPFL-CONF-199113 URL: http://eps2013.aalto.fi/ URL: https://crpplocal.epfl.ch/pinboard/papers/135106802.pdf Record created on 2014-05-29, modified on 2017-05-12
Long non-coding RNA HEIH promotes breast cancer development via negative modulation of microRNA-200b. (2019)

This study aimed to investigate the effects and regulatory mechanism of long non-coding RNA HEIH in the development of breast cancer. The expression of HEIH in breast tumor tissues and breast cancer cells was determined, followed by investigating the effects and regulatory mechanism of HEIH dysregulation on breast cancer cell viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion. The expression of HEIH was upregulated in breast cancer tissue samples and cell lines. Suppression of HEIH inhibited cell viability, promoted cell apoptosis, and decreased migration and invasion in MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, a negative relationship existed between HEIH and miR-200b, and HEIH regulated breast cancer development <i>via</i> regulating miR-200b. Pre-leukemia transcription factor 3 (PBX3) was verified as a functional target of miR-200b, and miR-200b regulated the malignant behaviors of breast cancer cells through targeting PBX3. Furthermore, suppression of HEIH inhibited the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which was remarkably reversed after suppression of HEIH and inhibition of miR-200b synchronously. Our results reveal that HEIH may contribute to breast cancer development via modulation of microRNA-200b/axis and inducing the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Further studies are still required to confirm our findings.
Gestural coordination of the velum in singing can be different from coordination in speech (2014)

Professional singers are trained to maximize vowel duration and minimize consonant interference, while still maintaining intelligibility. The mechanisms by which they do this, however, are unclear. A deeper understanding of the gestural mechanisms utilized during professional-quality singing could be useful to train singers more effectively. It has been well-established that nasal sounds in syllable coda position have longer and larger velum motion in formal speech as compared to casual speech. The hypothesis of this study was that coda velum gestures would be temporally extended proportional to the duration of the entire syllable. To test this, real-time magnetic resonance (rtMR) images of trained soprano singers were used to track the motion of the velum. The boundaries of the vocal tract were mapped to a semi-polar grid, and the velocity of the velum at every frame of its movement was calculated. An important result shows that operatic singing has minimal change in velum gesture duration compared to speech, while a musical theater style can have velum lowering for the duration of a word. Observed gestural kinematics and their implications for speech are discussed from within the framework and perspective of Articulatory Phonology.
The expandable split window paradigm for exploiting fine-grain parallelsim (1992)

We propose a new processing paradigm, called the Expandable Split Window (ESW) paradigm, for exploiting fine-grain parallelism. This paradigm considers a window of instructions (possibly having dependencies) as a single unit, and exploits fine-grain parallelism by overlapping the execution of multiple windows. The basic idea is to connect multiple sequential processors, in a decoupled and decentralized manner, to achieve overall multiple issue. This processing paradigm shares a number of properties of the restricted dataflow machines, but was derived from the sequential von Neumann architecture. We also present an implementation of the Expandable Split Window execution model, and preliminary performance results.
EFFECT OF MOMENTUM INJECTION ON THE FLUID DYNAMICS OF BLUFF BODIES (1993)

Effectiveness of the Moving Surface Boundary-Layer Control (MSBC) in increasing lift and/or reducing drag at a subcritical Reynolds number is studies, using a two dimensional wedge shaped airfoil, a flat plate at high angles of attack, and two-dimensional prisms through an extensive wind tunnel test-program. Results suggest that injection of momentum, achieved here by introduction of bearing mounted, motor driven, hollow cylinders can significantly delay separation of the boundary-layer resulting in a narrow wake. There is an associated increase in lift and a reduction in the pressure drag. Results show that both the cylinder surface velocity as well as the surface roughness have significant effect on the boundary-layer control. The wedge-airfoil showed an increase in CL/CD from 2 to 80 while the flat plate at 90o experienced a reduction in drag coefficient by around 75%. For the two-dimensional prisms the reduction in drag depends on the orientation of the face supporting the rotating elements with respect to the free stream. In the favourable situation it was observed to be as high as 54%. Effect of the boundary-layer control is also reflected in the remarkable increase in the Strouhal number with resonance induced instability. A flow visualization study, conducted in a closed-circuit water tunnel using slit lighting and polyvinyl chloride tracer particles, complements the wind tunnel tests. It shows, rather dramatically, effectiveness of the moving surface boundary-layer control.
Likelihood ratios: getting diagnostic testing into perspective (1998)

In modern medicine, sophisticated laboratory tests and imaging studies are often emphasized at the expense of history and physical examination, rather than complementing clinical assessment. Ancillary testing often fails to advance the diagnostic process, and increases patient risk and the expense of medical care. The relative value of clinical evaluation and technological methods is rarely considered, and the power of the clinical evaluation is therefore underestimated. The likelihood ratio (LR) is a semiquantitative measure of the performance of diagnostic tests which indicates how much a diagnostic procedure modifies the probability of disease, and is calculated from the sensitivity and specificity of the test (or directly from the change in probability associated with the test result). We review the performance of frequently-used tests by their LRs, and compare them to the power of clinical assessment, with clinical cases to illustrate the application of LRs in the diagnostic process. The discriminative power of clinical assessment and ancillary tests is often similar, and the combination of the two greatly increases accuracy in the diagnostic process. Clinical assessment is indeed frequently more informative than current technical modalities. LRs assist in putting the value of testing in proper perspective. Practice in evaluating pre-test probabilities of disease and in the application of LRs should be enhanced in medical training.
Angiotensin–Converting Enzyme (ACE) 1 Gene Polymorphism and Phenotypic Expression of COVID-19 Symptoms (2021)

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) appears to play an important role in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Polymorphisms within the genes that control this enzymatic system are candidates for elucidating the pathogenesis of COVID-19, since COVID-19 is not only a pulmonary disease but also affects many organs and systems throughout the body in multiple ways. Most striking is the fact that ACE2, one of the major components of the RAAS, is a prerequisite for SARS-COV-2 infection. Recently, we and other groups reported an association between a polymorphism of the <i>ACE1</i> gene (a homolog of <i>ACE2</i>) and the phenotypic expression of COVID-19, particularly in its severity. The ethnic difference in <i>ACE1</i> insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism seems to explain the apparent difference in mortality between the West and East Asia. The purpose of this review was to further evaluate the evidence linking <i>ACE1</i> polymorphisms to COVID-19. We searched the Medline database (2019-2021) for reference citations of relevant articles and selected studies on the clinical outcome of COVID-19 related to <i>ACE1</i> I/D polymorphism. Although the numbers of patients are not large enough yet, most available evidence supports the notion that the DD genotype adversely influences COVID-19 symptoms. Surprisingly, small studies conducted in several countries yielded opposite results, suggesting that the <i>ACE1</i> II genotype is a risk factor. This contradictory result may be the case in certain geographic areas, especially in subgroups of patients. It may also be due to interactions with other genes or to yet unexplained biochemical mechanisms. According to our hypothesis, such candidates are genes that are functionally involved in the pathophysiology of COVID-19, can act in concert with the <i>ACE1</i> DD genotype, and that show differences in their frequency between the West and East Asia. For this, we conducted research focusing on Alu-related genes. The current study on the <i>ACE1</i> genotype will provide potentially new clues to the pathogenesis, treatment, and diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infections.
An amperometric cholesterol biosensor with excellent sensitivity and limit of detection based on an enzyme-immobilized microtubular ZnO@ZnS heterostructure (2014)

The controlled synthesis of porous nanostructure materials and their use as active materials for cholesterol sensing are of key importance in current research due to their exceptionally high surface area, their optical and electrical properties, and their good electron transport characteristics. In the present study we have synthesized a microtubular ZnO@ZnS heterostructure from the corresponding ZnO microtubes by a simple aqueous chemical sulphidation process. ZnS microtubes have also been synthesized by removal of ZnO from the ZnO@ZnS heterostructure using acetic acid. Both ZnO@ZnS and ZnS microtubes have a high surface area (56 and 68 m2 g−1, respectively) and a modified electronic structure. A ZnO@ZnS heterostructure-modified electrode has excellent amperometric cholesterol-sensing performance, with sensitivity 52.67 mA M−1 cm−2, signal to noise (S/N) ratio = 15, and limit of detection (LOD) 0.02 mM with S/N = 3. The sensing performance of the ZnO@ZnS heterostructure, including both sensitivity and LOD, is superior to that reported either for ZnO-based or Au- or Pt-modified sensors. Its superior performance originates both from its high microstructure-based surface area and its modified electronic structure, which facilitate electron transport to the electrode.
Detection of Oxidative Damage of Synthetic Oligonucleotides Caused by Thallium(III) Complexes (2013)

Abstract Biologically important short sequences of DNA were treated with Tl(III) complexes. The chloride complex releases the Tl(III) cation and therefore oxidizes DNA components and at concentrations higher than 50 nM cuts the strands. The cuts are well seen in the EQCM plots. The change in the strand structure is well seen at CD and UV‐Vis spectra. The chelate complexes of Tl(III) do not damage the DNA strands. The SERS spectra were particularly useful in demonstration of the chemical changes and orientation vs. the surface changes of particular groups in the strands after interaction with TlCl 4 − .
Response of sleep slow oscillations to acoustic stimulation is evidenced by distinctive synchronization processes (2023)

Closed-loop acoustic stimulation (CLAS) during sleep has shown to boost slow wave (SW) amplitude and spindle power. Moreover, sleep SW have been classified based on different processes of neuronal synchronization. Thus, different types of SW events may have distinct functional roles and be differentially affected by external stimuli. However, the SW synchronization processes affected by CLAS are not well understood. Here, we studied the effect of CLAS on the dissociation of SW events based on two features of neuronal synchronization in the electroencephalogram (topological spread and wave slope). We evaluated and classified individual SW events of 14 healthy subjects during a CLAS stimulated (STM) and a control night (CNT). Three main categories of SW events were found denoting (C1) steep slope SW with global spread, (C2) flat-slope waves with localized spread and homeostatic decline, and (C3) multipeaked flat-slope events with global spread. Comparing between conditions, we found a consistent increase of event proportion and trough amplitudes for C1 events during the time of stimulation. Furthermore, we found similar increases in post-stimulus spectral power in θ, β, and σ frequencies for CNT vs STIM condition independently of sleep stage or SW categories. However, topological analysis showed differentiated spatial dynamics in N2 and N3 for SW categories and the co-occurrence with spindle events. Our findings support the existence of multiple types of SW with differential response to external stimuli and possible distinct neuronal mechanisms.
Searches for Giant Pulses from Extragalactic Pulsars (2003)

We discuss the giant-pulse phenomenon exhibited by pulsars and the distances to which giant pulses might be detected from extragalactic pulsars. We describe the conditions under which a single-pulse search is more sensitive than a standard periodicity search. We find that, for certain pulse-amplitude distribution power laws and time series lengths, single-pulse searches can be superior. We present the results of searches toward several extragalactic targets, including M33, the LMC (PSR B0540-69) and several other galaxies. While we have not conclusively detected giant pulses from any of these targets, these searches illustrate the methodology of, issues related to and difficulties in these types of searches.
Syntheses in the Quinoxaline Series. Preparation of 7-Methoxy-5-aminoquinoxaline and 7-Methoxy-5-hydroxylaminoquinoxaline (1945)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyntheses in the Quinoxaline Series. Preparation of 7-Methoxy-5-aminoquinoxaline and 7-Methoxy-5-hydroxylaminoquinoxalineR. H. Mizzoni and Paul E. SpoerriCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1945, 67, 10, 1652–1654Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1945https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01226a009RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views65Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (386 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Euphorbia wallichii Extract and Assessment of their Bio-functionalities (2019)

These results support the advantages of using an eco-friendly and cost-effective method for synthesis of nanoparticles with antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial potential.
Redox State in Atrial Fibrillation Pathogenesis and Relevant Therapeutic Approaches (2017)

Despite strong experimental and translational data supporting the role of atrial redox state in atrial fibrillation pathogenesis, such mechanistic evidence has not been translated to clinical benefits in atrial fibrillation risk in randomized clinical studies using redox-related therapies.
Polymorphic Discrimination Using Atomic Force Microscopy:  Distinguishing between Two Polymorphs of the Drug Cimetidine (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTPolymorphic Discrimination Using Atomic Force Microscopy: Distinguishing between Two Polymorphs of the Drug CimetidineA. Danesh, X. Chen, M. C. Davies, C. J. Roberts, G. H. W. Sanders, S. J. B. Tendler, P. M. Williams, and M. J. WilkinsView Author Information School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, U.K. NG7 2RD SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, New Frontiers Science Park, Harlow, Essex, U.K. Cite this: Langmuir 2000, 16, 2, 866–870Publication Date (Web):October 14, 1999Publication History Received20 April 1999Revised27 July 1999Published online14 October 1999Published inissue 1 January 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la990470ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/la990470abrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views505Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Crystals,Differentiation,Imaging,Pharmaceuticals,Surface interactions Get e-Alerts
High-throughput one-dimensional median and weighted median filters on FPGA (2009)

Most effort in designing median filters has focused on two-dimensional filters with small window sizes, used for image processing. However, recent work on novel image processing algorithms, such as the Trace transform, has highlighted the need for architectures that can compute the median and weighted median of large one-dimensional windows, to which the optimisations in the aforementioned architectures do not apply. A set of architectures for computing both the median and weighted median of large, flexibly sized windows through parallel cumulative histogram construction is presented. The architecture uses embedded memories to control the highly parallel bank of histogram nodes, and can implicitly determine window sizes for median and weighted median calculations. The architecture is shown to perform at 72 Msamples, and has been integrated within a Trace transform architecture.
A robust approach to time‐to‐depth conversion and interval velocity estimation from time migration in the presence of lateral velocity variations (2014)

ABSTRACT The problem of conversion from time‐migration velocity to an interval velocity in depth in the presence of lateral velocity variations can be reduced to solving a system of partial differential equations. In this paper, we formulate the problem as a non‐linear least‐squares optimization for seismic interval velocity and seek its solution iteratively. The input for the inversion is the Dix velocity, which also serves as an initial guess. The inversion gradually updates the interval velocity in order to account for lateral velocity variations that are neglected in the Dix inversion. The algorithm has a moderate cost thanks to regularization that speeds up convergence while ensuring a smooth output. The proposed method should be numerically robust compared to the previous approaches, which amount to extrapolation in depth monotonically. For a successful time‐to‐depth conversion, image‐ray caustics should be either nonexistent or excluded from the computational domain. The resulting velocity can be used in subsequent depth‐imaging model building. Both synthetic and field data examples demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach.