gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analytical Applications of Zirconium Electrode (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalytical Applications of Zirconium ElectrodeStephen. MegregianCite this: Anal. Chem. 1957, 29, 7, 1063–1065Publication Date (Print):June 21, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 21 June 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60127a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60127a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views54Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Capacity Analysis of Selection Cooperation in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks (2011)

In this letter, we analyze the transmission capacity of selection cooperation (SC) in wireless ad-hoc networks. We first derive the distribution of decoded relay set which follows inhomogeneous Poisson point process (PPP) and then present the closed-form expressions for the outage probability and transmission capacity. Furthermore, we propose an upper bound of source node density given an outage probability constraint and find an optimal transmitter density at which the transmission capacity reaches its maximum. Numerical results show that the performance gain provided by SC can be optimally adjusted by selecting appropriate node density. It is also shown that SC further expands advantage at severer large-scale fading.
Microwave-laser-field modification of molecular collisions at low temperatures (2009)

We present a rigorous study of low-temperature collisions of polar molecules and atoms in a microwave laser field. Our calculations show that inelastic relaxation of molecules in a microwave cavity may occur through collision-induced absorption of photons stimulated by the anisotropy of the atom-molecule interaction potential. Our results indicate that molecular collisions at temperatures below 1 K can be efficiently manipulated with microwave laser fields of moderate strength.
Not too fat to fight: The emerging role of macrophage fatty acid metabolism in immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2021)

While the existence of a special relationship between Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and host lipids has long been known, it remains a challenging enigma. It was clearly established that Mtb requires host fatty acids (FAs) and cholesterol to produce energy, build its distinctive lipid-rich cell wall, and produce lipid virulence factors. It was also observed that in infected hosts, Mtb constantly resides in a FA-rich environment that the pathogen contributes to generate by inducing a lipid-laden "foamy" phenotype in host macrophages. These observations and the proximity between lipid droplets and phagosomes containing bacteria within infected macrophages gave rise to the hypothesis that Mtb reprograms host cell lipid metabolism to ensure a continuous supply of essential nutrients and its long-term persistence in vivo. However, recent studies question this principle by indicating that in Mtb-infected macrophages, lipid droplet formation prevents bacterial acquisition of host FAs while supporting the production of FA-derived protective lipid mediators. Further, in vivo investigations reveal discrete macrophage phenotypes linking the FA metabolisms of host cell and intracellular pathogen. Notably, FA storage within lipid droplets characterizes both macrophages controlling Mtb infection and dormant intracellular Mtb. In this review, we integrate findings from immunological and microbiological studies illustrating the new concept that cytoplasmic accumulation of FAs is a metabolic adaptation of macrophages to Mtb infection, which potentiates their antimycobacterial responses and forces the intracellular pathogen to shift into fat-saving, survival mode.
In vivo and in vitro antilipolytic effects of some various substituted homocysteine‐thiolactone‐nicotinamides: Structure‐activity study (1982)

The antilipolytic activity of homocysteine-thiolactone-nicotinamide (ST22) and in 2-chloro (ST71), 6-chloro (ST82) and 6-hydroxy (ST90) derivatives was investigated by evaluation of serum free fatty acids (FFA) and triglycerides (TG) (in vivo) and FFA release from adipose tissue (in vitro). Increased FFA levels in 17-hr fasted rats at 60 min following treatment with 7 . 10(-4) mol kg-1 p.o. were reduced by 70% (ST22), 60% (ST82) and 18% (ST71), whereas ST90 provoked no change; TG levels showed similar changes. Basal FFA release from epididymal rat adipose tissue at 60 min following treatment with 7 . 10(-4) mol kg-1 p.o. of ST22 and ST82 was reduced by 79 and 45%, respectively. Lipid mobilization induced by noradrenaline (NA) was diversely affected by the compounds according to the tests employed: with in vivo experiments, serum FFA levels were reduced by 60, 70, 10 and 5% at 60 min following treatment with ST22, ST82, ST71 and ST90, respectively (7 . 10(-4) mol kg-1 p.o.; NA bitartrate, 2 mg kg-1 s.c.); in vitro, ST22 produced no change, whereas the other compounds induced a significant mobilization of FFA. The results suggest that: (a) antilipolytic activity can be greatly modified when various substituents capable of influencing either the inductive (-I) or the resonance (+M) effect are introduced into the different positions of the pyridine ring; and (b) the lipolysis experiments did not evince any direct relationship between the effects obtained by the in vivo tests and those obtained by the in vitro tests.
On Linear Variational Surface Deformation Methods (2007)

This survey reviews the recent advances in linear variational mesh deformation techniques. These methods were developed for editing detailed high-resolution meshes, like those produced by scanning real-world objects. The challenge of manipulating such complex surfaces is three-fold: the deformation technique has to be sufficiently fast, robust, and intuitive and easy to control to be useful for interactive applications. An intuitive, and thus predictable, deformation tool should provide physically plausible and aesthetically pleasing surface deformations, which in particular requires its geometric details to be preserved. The methods we survey generally formulate surface deformation as a global variational optimization problem that addresses the differential properties of the edited surface. Efficiency and robustness are achieved by linearizing the underlying objective functional, such that the global optimization amounts to solving a sparse linear system of equations. We review the different deformation energies and detail preservation techniques that were proposed in the recent years, together with the various techniques to rectify the linearization artifacts. Our goal is to provide the reader with a systematic classification and comparative description of the different techniques, revealing the strengths and weaknesses of each approach in common editing scenarios.
Effects of Preplant Treatment Interval and Tillages on Herbicide Toxicity to Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum) (1991)

Glyphosate plus 2,4-D at 0.3 + 0.5 or 0.4 + 0.7 kg ae ha -1 applied 31 to 1 d before seeding did not affect wheat yields or grain test weights, in field experiments in conventionally tilled and no-till winter wheat. In the conventionally-tilled system in each of two years and in the no-till system in a year with 48 mm rain within 7 d before wheat was seeded, picloram applied at 0.14 kg ai ha -1 from 31 to 1 d before seeding reduced crop yields by 7 to 8%. In the conventionally-tilled system in a year with only 2 mm rain within 7 d before wheat was seeded, 2,4-D at 3.4 kg ae ha -1 and dicamba at 0.14 kg ae ha -1 applied 30 to 1 d before seeding, reduced wheat yields by 7 and 4%, respectively. Grain test weights in both tillage systems were increased slightly by picloram at 0.14 kg ha -1 , but were decreased slightly by dicamba at 0.14 kg ha -1 , in the year with little rain before sowing. Test weights did not differ among herbicides or tillage systems in the year with significant rain a few days before seeding.
State of flat-panel display technology and future trends (2002)

The rivalry between the cathode-ray tube and flat-panel displays (FPDs) has intensified as performance of some FPDs now exceeds that of that entrenched leader in many cases. Besides the well-known active-matrix-addressed liquid-crystal display, plasma, organic light-emitting diodes, and liquid-crystal-on-silicon displays are now finding new applications as the manufacturing, process engineering, materials, and cost structures become standardized and suitable for large markets.
Generation of synthetic HSI data using linear mixing model with Gaussian endmembers (2004)

Well-chosen background models are critical to accurately predict the performance of hyperspectral detection and classification algorithms and to evaluate the effects on system performance of variation in environmental or sensor parameters. Such models also have implications for the derivation of optimal algorithms. First-principal physical models and statistical models have been developed for these purposes. However, in many circumstances these models may not accurately represent hyperspectral data that are complicated by intra-class variability and subpixel mixing of materials as well as atmospheric, illumination, temperature (in the emissive regime) and sensor effects. In this paper we propose a statistical representation of hyperspectral data defined by class parameters and an abundance probability distribution. Various representations of the probability distribution function of the abundance values are developed and compared with data to determine if the estimated abundance distributions and intra-class variation explain the observed heavy tails in the data. The consequences of the Gaussian endmembers of the normal compositional model violating the non-negativity constraint are also investigated.
LVDS I/O cells with rail-to-rail receiver input for SONET/SDH at 1.25Gb/s (2000)

Low voltage differential signaling (LVDS) has developed as a data transmission standard for on-chip, on-board/backplane or cable connections. This paper reports design criteria and measurement results of 1.25Gb/s LVDS I/O cells serving various application requirements (e.g., SONET/SDH), developed for 0.25µm and 0.18µm standard digital CMOS processes. Especially the design of a rail-to-rail input stage is described.
A novel low-latency parallel architecture for digital PLL with application to ultra-high speed carrier recovery systems (2011)

This paper introduces a new low latency parallel processing digital carrier recovery (CR) architecture suitable for ultra-high speed intradyne coherent optical receivers (e.g. ≥ 100Gb/s). The proposed parallel scheme builds upon a novel digital phase locked loop (DPLL) architecture, which breaks the bottleneck of the feedback path. Thus, it is avoided the high latency introduced by the parallel processing implementation in the feedback loop of traditional DPLLs. Numerical results show that the bandwidth and the capture range of the new parallel DPLL are close to those achieved by a serial DPLL. This excellent behavior makes the proposed low latency parallel DPLL architecture an excellent choice for implementing high speed CR systems in both ASIC and FPGA platforms.
IMPLEMENTING COMPLEX MULTIPLLERS BY MEANS OF POLYNOMIAL PRODUCTS (2005)

We present a new method for complex multiplication. The method relies on encoding the complex numbers as seventh-order cyclic polynomials and viewing their product as an R-Point Cyclic convolution. The result is that the complex multiplier is decomposed in multipliers of one fouflh the wordlength of the original multiplier. These smaller multipliers are connected in a way forming a systolic array which perfoms the complex multiplication error free. The proposed decomposition can result in attractive VLSI implementations.
Efficient genome editing in filamentous fungi via an improved CRISPR‐Cas9 ribonucleoprotein method facilitated by chemical reagents (2020)

DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair induced by the RNA-programmed nuclease Cas9 has become a popular method for genome editing. Direct genome editing via Cas9-CRISPR gRNA (guide RNA) ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes assembled in vitro has also been successful in some fungi. However, the efficiency of direct RNP transformation into fungal protoplasts is currently too low. Here, we report an optimized genome editing approach for filamentous fungi based on RNPs facilitated by adding chemical reagents. We increased the transformation efficiency of RNPs significantly by adding Triton X-100 and prolonging the incubation time, and the editing efficiency reached 100% in Trichoderma reesei and Cordyceps militaris. The optimized RNP-based method also achieved efficient (56.52%) homologous recombination integration with short homology arms (20 bp) and gene disruption (7.37%) that excludes any foreign DNA (selection marker) in T. reesei. In particular, after adding reagents related to mitosis and cell division, the further optimized protocol showed an increased ratio of edited homokaryotic transformants (from 0% to 40.0% for inositol and 71.43% for benomyl) from Aspergillus oryzae, which contains multinucleate spores and protoplasts. Furthermore, the multi-target engineering efficiency of the optimized RNP transformation method was similar to those of methods based on in vivo expression of Cas9. This newly established genome editing system based on RNPs may be widely applicable to construction of genome-edited fungi for the food and medical industries, and has good prospects for commercialization.
Combined photothermal therapy and magneto-motive ultrasound imaging using multifunctional nanoparticles (2010)

Photothermal therapy is a laser-based non-invasive technique for cancer treatment. Photothermal therapy can be enhanced by employing metal nanoparticles that absorb the radiant energy from the laser leading to localized thermal damages. Targeting of nanoparticles leads to more efficient uptake and localization of photoabsorbers thus increasing the effectiveness of the treatment. Moreover, efficient targeting can reduce the required dosage of photoabsorbers; thereby reducing the side effects associated with general systematic administration of nanoparticles. Magnetic nanoparticles, due to their small size and response to an external magnetic field gradient have been proposed for targeted drug delivery. In this study, we investigate the applicability of multifunctional nanoparticles (e.g., magneto-plasmonic nanoparticles) and magneto-motive ultrasound imaging for image-guided photothermal therapy. Magneto-motive ultrasound imaging is an ultrasound based imaging technique capable of detecting magnetic nanoparticles indirectly by utilizing a high strength magnetic field to induce motion within the magnetically labeled tissue. The ultrasound imaging is used to detect the internal tissue motion. Due to presence of the magnetic component, the proposed multifunctional nanoparticles along with magneto-motive ultrasound imaging can be used to detect the presence of the photo absorbers. Clearly the higher concentration of magnetic carriers leads to a monotonic increase in magneto-motive ultrasound signal. Thus, magnetomotive ultrasound can determine the presence of the hybrid agents and provide information about their location and concentration. Furthermore, the magneto-motive ultrasound signal can indicate the change in tissue elasticity - a parameter that is expected to change significantly during the photothermal therapy. Therefore, a comprehensive guidance and assessment of the photothermal therapy may be feasible through magneto-motive ultrasound imaging and magnetoplasmonic nanoparticles.
Ein zweikerniger Bis-N,S-Platin(II)-Komplex mit einem indigoiden 1,3,5,7-Tetraazafulvalen-4,8-dithion (1998)

Metal Complexes of Dyes. XI. A Dinuclear Bis N,S Platinum(II) Complex with an Indigoid 1,3,5,7-Tetraazafulvalene-4,8-dithione The dianion of 2,6-bis(diethylamino)-3,4,7,8-tetrahydro-1,3,5,7-tetraazafulvalene-4,8-dithione (1-2 H+) reacts with the chloro-bridged platinum(II)-complex [(Et3P)PtCl2]2 to give a dark green (N,S)-bischelate (Et3P)(Cl)Pt(1-2 H+)Pt(Cl)(PEt3) (2). Spectroscopic data and a 1H-/1H-2D-COSY-NMR-spectra are discussed. Chelation leads to a bathochromic shift of about 200 nm.
Tabletop Collaboration through Tangible Interactions (2007)

Recent advances in tracking technology have led to the design of digital tables that support interaction using multi- finger input and physical objects. However, the tradeoffs between these input modalities are not clear, making it difficult for developers to make informed decisions when choosing input strategies for digital table systems. In this paper, we consider the role that multi-finger input and physical objects play in the design of collaborative tabletop systems. We present the results of an observational study of group work on regular tables, and an experimental study of interaction techniques for supporting group handoff. Our results show that people often perform several explicit communication and coordination activities that involve epistemic and pragmatic movements of physical tools. Further, our experimental results suggest that using physical objects to control digital information improves performance over using finger gestures.
Gaseotransmitters Modulate Inspiratory Drive from the Hypoglossal Nucleus (2022)

Gaseotransmitters, carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), play an important role in maintaining proper function of cardio‐respiratory systems. Previous work has demonstrated that Heme Oxygenase‐2 knock out mice (HO‐2 ‐/‐ ) develop a sleep apnea phenotype characterized predominantly by obstructive apneas, which could be normalized by either treating HO‐2 ‐/‐ with L‐propargylglycine (L‐PAG) an inhibitor of cystathionine gamma‐lysase (CSE) and H2S synthesizing enzyme or in HO‐2+ CSE double null mice. Obstructive apneas are often caused by a loss in upper airway tone, we sought to examine how H 2 S and CO signaling impacts inspiratory activity from the preBötC and the hypoglossal nucleus (XIIn). We hypothesized that HO‐2 and CSE are involved in the regulation of inspiratory motor output from XIIn. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed many ChAT+ cells of XIIn are positive for HO‐2 and CSE. Biochemical analysis showed elevated H 2 S abundance in XIIn of HO‐2 ‐/‐ mice. Electrophysiological recordings demonstrated transmission failure from preBötC to XIIn in response to NaHS, a H2S donor or Cr (III) Mesoporphyrin IX chloride (ChrMP459), an inhibitor of HO in brain slices from wild type mice. Furthermore, ChrMP459 reduced inspiratory drive currents received by XIIn neurons and suppressed excitability in XIIn neurons. Brain slices from HO‐2 ‐/‐ mice showed: (1) a larger rate of transmission failure between preBötC and XIIn motor pools; and (2) smaller drive currents from individual XIIn neurons. Brain slices from HO‐2+ CSE double null mice displayed reduced transmission failures from preBötC to XIIn. Furthermore, L‐PAG mitigated transmission failures and increased the magnitude of inspiratory drive currents in XIIn neurons in HO‐2 ‐/‐ mice. These findings demonstrate that HO‐2 and CSE regulate inspiratory drive from XIIn and suggest potential role for gaseotransmitters in regulating upper airway tone.
Graduate Students Mentoring Undergraduates in Research: Attitudes and Reflections about these Experiences (2020)

whose work examines and develops initiatives and curricular innovations to encourage more students, especially women, into the field of engineering. In addition to assessing peer mentoring programs, Tsai also explores
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase: a glimmer of hope in lung cancer treatment? (2013)

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements (ALK-Rs) have been identified in 3-7% of all non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) and represent an important molecular target for NSCLC treatment. The authors discuss the role of ALK-Rs in the prediction of clinical-pathological features of NSCLCs and the technical problems related to their determination in specimens. The authors also describe the preclinical and clinical results derived from the use of ALK inhibitors. ALK-R is generally detected in patients with specific clinical-pathological features: never-smokers, young males, adenocarcinoma histotype and EGF receptor/KRAS wild-type. The diagnosis of ALK-R remains a challenge, implicating the need of a careful filtering of patients. NSCLC patients harboring ALK-R have shown sensitivity to ALK inhibitors even if their activity is limited at the time by the occurrence of mechanisms of resistance. The authors summarize the strategies that in the future could overcome these mechanisms of escape.
Inter-Rater-Reliabilität des Barthel-Index, Activity-Index und Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living: Die Anwendung von ADL-Instrumenten in der Schlaganfallrehabilitation durch Mediziner und Nichtmediziner (2004)

This investigation addressed the question whether non-medical personnel could produce similar ratings to physicians when applying ADL scales. A sports scientist was trained in the assessment of stroke patients with the Barthel Index, the Activity Index and the Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living Scale. He and a rehabilitation physician assessed 20 stroke patients in first in-patient rehabilitation with these instruments. Measurements of inter-rater reliability were calculated for scores, subscales and single items, and for the latter also rater correspondence. Inter-rater reliability was good to excellent for all scores and subscales (ICC: 0.82-0.99). Reliability and correspondence was good to excellent for the items of the Barthel Scale, satisfactory to excellent for those of the Activity Index. Some 25 % of the items of the Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living revealed unsatisfactory reliability but still high inter-rater correspondence. Results indicate that physicians and non-medical personnel are able to apply these scales reliably to stroke patients.
A Simulation Model for the Colonial Development of Paravespula Vulgaris (Linnaeus) and Dolichovespula Sylvestris (Scopoli) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). (1981)

The number and kinds of cells, adults and brood were collected from each of 198 colonies of P. vulgaris (L.) and 55 colonies of D. sylvestris (Scopoli) showing normal development. Estimates were made of the number of adults each colony produced. A simulation model of normal colonial development based upon the compartmental system approach, with 253 parameters and variables for P. vulgaris and 228 parameters and variables for D. sylvestris, was produced to conform with the above data. The simulation model outputs values of the length of life of brood stages, of workers, and of the colony itself; and the rates of cell building, of egg laying, and of adult production. These output values were examined in relation to known values. The output data are shown to be the best available data describing colonial development. The developmental characteristics of the two species were found to be very different so that separate strategies for survival were suggested. A hypothesis is developed to explain the adaptive value of the two strategies. A hypothesis is also developed to show that queen quality is a major factor determining the final size of a colony.