gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resources allocation in disaster response using Ordinal Optimization based approach (2014)

Recent events, such as Hurricane Katrina, have revealed the need for coordinated and effective disaster responses. An optimal distribution of available resources is essential for disaster response effectiveness. Emergency responders are faced with the challenges of increased size and complexity of critical infrastructures that provide vital resources for disaster response operations. In this paper, we propose a simulation-based tool to assist emergency responders in finding the optimal distribution of available resources during a disaster event. The proposed tool utilizes the Disaster Response Network Enabled Platform (DR-NEP) which is an infrastructure interdependencies simulation platform for disaster response support. DR-NEP is a simulation network platform that integrates different simulators for different infrastructures to form a universal simulation platform. We employ a new concept in Discrete Event Systems optimization called Ordinal Optimization to address the problem of resources allocation during a disaster event. The objective of the optimization problem is maximizing the operational capacity of a critical infrastructure, a hospital in this case. Due to the huge combinatorial feasible search space, an Ordinal Optimization based approach is used to solve the problem using two main concepts: goal softening and order comparison. This approach aims at finding a Good Enough solution set (G) with an acceptable probability and efficient computational effort. This paper describes early results of our work that shows the use of our approach in optimizing resources allocation in a simulated disaster event.
Influence of TiO2 nanometric filler on the behaviour of a composite membrane for applications in direct methanol fuel cells (2004)

Composite Nafion membranes containing various amounts of TiO2 (3 wt%, 5 wt% and 10 wt%) were investigated for operation in high temperature Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs). Maximum power density of 350 mW cm -2 was achieved in the presence of oxygen feed at 145°C for the composite membranes containing 3-5 wt% TiO2; whereas, the maximum power density with air feed was about 210 mW cm-2. Moreover, an investigation of the influence of titanium oxide particle size on the electrochemical behaviour of the composite membranes for high temperature operation has been carried out. The DMFC performance increases as the mean particle size of the TiO2 filler decreases. This indicates an influence of the filler morphology on the electrochemical properties of the composite membranes. © J. New. Mat. Electrochem. Systems.
Small scale mechanical response of WC-Co cemented carbides (2017)

In recent years, many efforts have been invested to determine the intrinsic mechanical properties for each constitutive phase of composite materials. The outstanding behaviour of WC-Co composites is mainly attributed to its microstructural assemblage, due to the combination of two phases with very different properties at the local level. The present work is aimed to evaluate the small scale microstructure/micromechanical relation for four different WC-Co grades. Within this context, a systematic procedure, involving massive nanoindentation and statistical analysis of the experimental data has been used to reach this purpose. It is found that WC crystals exhibit a clear hardness anisotropy, binder mean free path is critical for defining intrinsic hardness and flow stress for this phase; and microstructure-flow stress follows a Hall-Petch relationship.
The Comparison of Remediation Efficiency for Contaminated Soils under Vertical Drain System by Numerical Analysis Method (2011)

The remediation efficiency of the contaminant through laboratory experiment of the pilot scale was evaluated for the influence factors in the contaminated soils for the applicability of the prefabricated vertical drain system. It was performed numerical analysis by the method that the finite element and finite differences based on the drawn result about the remediation of contaminated soils. The parametric analysis for the applied parameter value was performed. In the pilot scale remediation experiment, as a result of evaluating with the minimum limit concentration ratio, in the case of dense and loose conditon, the remediation time was much longer. And the remediation efficiency was rapidly progressed as the time was elapsed. It was analyzed that the contaminant concentration is reduced around the extraction well as the contamination remediating rate by numerical analysis result as the time was elapsed.
Detecting Lies is a Child (Robot)’s Play: Gaze-Based Lie Detection in HRI (2021)

Abstract Robots destined to tasks like teaching or caregiving have to build a long-lasting social rapport with their human partners. This requires, from the robot side, to be capable of assessing whether the partner is trustworthy. To this aim a robot should be able to assess whether someone is lying or not, while preserving the pleasantness of the social interaction. We present an approach to promptly detect lies based on the pupil dilation, as intrinsic marker of the lie-associated cognitive load that can be applied in an ecological human–robot interaction, autonomously led by a robot. We demonstrated the validity of the approach with an experiment, in which the iCub humanoid robot engages the human partner by playing the role of a magician in a card game and detects in real-time the partner deceptive behavior. On top of that, we show how the robot can leverage on the gained knowledge about the deceptive behavior of each human partner, to better detect subsequent lies of that individual. Also, we explore whether machine learning models could improve lie detection performances for both known individuals (within-participants) over multiple interaction with the same partner, and with novel partners (between-participant). The proposed setup, interaction and models enable iCub to understand when its partners are lying, which is a fundamental skill for evaluating their trustworthiness and hence improving social human–robot interaction.
Heterogeneous precipitation on misfit dislocations in Si/Si-2%Ge epitaxy (1988)

Metallic impurities such as Au, Ni, Cu, Fe, etc. are known to degrade the performance of electronic devices. Therefore, necessary precautions must be taken to ensure that impurity contamination is minimized. Nevertheless, some degree of inherent and process-induced impurity introduction into silicon crystals is unavoidable. An intrinsic gettering annealing cycle can be utilized to nucleate metallic precipitates on dislocations produced upon SiO 2 precipitation.eg.1 Another impurity gettering approach is the intentional introduction of a controlled, stable array of dislocations to act as heterogeneous nucleation sites. This is one type of extrinsic gettering scheme. This contribution addresses our ongoing studies pertaining to extrinsic gettering by an orthogonal grid of b=1/2&lt;011&gt; 60° misfit dislocations generated in Si/Si-2%Ge epitaxy. Additionally, the prospect of uniformly decorating dislocations with a conducting metal presents the technological opportunity for forming buried micro-wires as proposed previously. A buried Si-2%Ge epitaxial layer of ˜ 2 μm thickness was grown on (001) silicon substrates at 1080°C by chemical vapor deposition. The Ge concentration is defined as the ratio of GeH 4 to SiH 2 Cl 2 . On top of the Si-2%Ge layer, a 4-13 μm pure silicon capping epilayer was grown. Misfit dislocations were generated at both of the Si/Si-2%Ge interfaces.
TLR3 modulates immunopathology during a Schistosoma mansoni egg‐driven Th2 response in the lung (2008)

We examined the role of TLR3 in Th2-driven pulmonary granulomatous disease, using wildtype (TLR3(+/+)) and TLR3 gene-deficient (TLR3(-/-)) mice in a well-established model of Schistosoma mansoni egg-induced pulmonary granuloma. The intravenous bolus injection of S. mansoni eggs into S. mansoni-sensitized TLR3(+/+) mice was associated with an increase in TLR3 transcript expression in alveolar macrophages and ex vivo spleen and lung cultures at day 8 after egg injection. Lungs from TLR3(-/-) mice showed an increase in granuloma size, greater collagen deposition around the granuloma, and increased Th2 cytokine and chemokine levels compared with similarly sensitized and challenged TLR3(+/+) mice. Macrophages from TLR3(-/-) mice exhibited an M2 phenotype characterized by increased arginase and CCL2 expression. Significantly greater numbers of CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells were present in the lungs of TLR3(-/-) mice compared with TLR3(+/+) mice at day 8 after egg embolization. Cells derived from granulomatous lung and lung draining lymph nodes of TLR3(-/-) mice released significantly higher levels of IL-17 levels relative to TLR3(+/+) cells. Thus, our data suggest that TLR3 has a major regulatory role during a Th2-driven granulomatous response as its absence enhanced immunopathology.
Human Emotion Estimation Using Multi-Modal Variational AutoEncoder with Time Changes (2021)

A human emotion estimation method via feature integration using multi-modal variational autoencoder (MVAE) with time changes is presented in this paper. To utilize multi-modal information such as gaze and brain activity data including some noises, the proposed method newly introduces MVAE into the human emotion estimation. Furthermore, the proposed MVAE can consider the changes in bio-signals with time and reduce the effect of noises caused in bio-signals by using the probabilistic variation. Experimental results with that of some state-of-the-art methods indicate that the proposed method is effective.
PHARMACOLOGY OF A NEW ANTI-PARKINSONIAN DRUG: KAO-264 (1971)

Since Feldberg (1) suggested the possibility of a central acetylcholine-atropine antagonism to explain the usefulness of atropine in Parkinsonism, a number of centrally acting anticholinergic drugs have been introduced for the treatment of Parkinsonism (2,3). All of these drugs, however, are known to produce undesirable side-effects such as dryness of the mouth and mydriasis which would reflect their peripheral anticholinergic action. Therefore, a drug having greater dissociation between central and peripheral anti cholinergic activities would be of considerable value in the treatment of Parkinsonism.
Intracellular Sites of Synthesis and Storage of 1-(Malonylamino)cyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid in Acer pseudoplatanus Cells (1988)

Vacuoles were isolated from Acer pseudoplatanus cells that were incubated with [(14)C]1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC). The kinetics of [(14)C]1-(malonylamino)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (MACC) formation are consistent with the interpretation that MACC is synthesized in the cytosol, transported through the tonoplast, and accumulated in the vacuole. Twenty hours after chasing the labeled ACC with unlabeled ACC and adding 1 millimolar unlabeled MACC, all the [(14)C]MACC synthesized is located in the vacuole. Whole cells preloaded with [(14)C]MACC and then submitted to a continuous washing out, readily release their cytosolic MACC until complete exhaustion. The half-time of MACC efflux from the cytosol, calculated by the technique of compartmental analysis, is about 22 minutes. In contrast, vacuolar MACC remains sequestered within the vacuole. The transport of labeled MACC into the vacuole is stimulated by the presence of unlabeled MACC in the suspension medium, probably as a result of a reduced efflux of the labeled MACC from the cytosol into the suspending medium.
Generalized Product Quantization Network for Semi-Supervised Image Retrieval (2020)

Image retrieval methods that employ hashing or vector quantization have achieved great success by taking advantage of deep learning. However, these approaches do not meet expectations unless expensive label information is sufficient. To resolve this issue, we propose the first quantization-based semi-supervised image retrieval scheme: Generalized Product Quantization (GPQ) network. We design a novel metric learning strategy that preserves semantic similarity between labeled data, and employ entropy regularization term to fully exploit inherent potentials of unlabeled data. Our solution increases the generalization capacity of the quantization network, which allows overcoming previous limitations in the retrieval community. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that GPQ yields state-of-the-art performance on large-scale real image benchmark datasets.
Serum Glycated Albumin as a Glycemic Control Marker in Diabetic Cats (2009)

Measurements of glycated proteins such as serum fructosamine, glycated hemoglobin, and glycated albumin (GA) are increasingly used to complement serum glucose concentration for better management of diabetes mellitus. For example, the degree of glycemic control in diabetic cats can be determined by evaluating fructosamine concentration. Unfortunately, fructosamine tests are currently not performed in Japan, and as such, the measurement of GA may serve as a replacement test. The objectives of the current study were 2-fold. First, serum GA and fructosamine level were evaluated for positive correlation in cats as a preliminary gauge on whether serum GA use is applicable. Second, a GA percentage reference range was determined from healthy control cats for possible future diagnostic use. A positive correlation was determined for fructosamine and GA in both normal and diabetic cats. Moreover, the serum GA percentage reference interval based on control cats was determined to be 7.5-13.9% (95% nonparametric interfractile interval). Interestingly, no significant difference in serum GA percentages was observed between samples from diabetic cats with excellent glycemic control and control cats. However, good, fair, and poor glycemic control diabetic cats resulted in a significant increase in serum GA percentages in comparison to control cats. Therefore, these results indicate that serum GA may be a useful glycemic control indicator that could substitute for fructosamine to monitor glycemic control in diabetic cats.
Transcription Factors for the Modulation of Pluripotency and Reprogramming (2010)

Pluripotency and self-renewal are the defining traits of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and this status quo is maintained by the core transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog. Genome-wide mapping of the binding sites of these pivotal factors and other ESC transcriptional regulators has unraveled the transcriptional network governing pluripotency. Strikingly, a sizeable fraction of the binding sites of Oct4 and Nanog are not conserved in mouse and human ESCs. Binding site turnover and the presence of species-specific transposable elements are some of the factors contributing to this disp arity. Hence, comparing human and mouse ESCs will shed new light on the design of transcriptional regulatory networks for pluripotency. Despite the significant differences among pluripotent mammalian stem cells, the same set of transcription factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc) can be used to reprogram human and mouse somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells. Recent works also demonstrate that there are multiple ways of imparting pluripotency. For instance, the nuclear receptors Nr5a2 and Esrrb can, respectively, substitute for Oct4 and Klf4 in reprogramming. This chapter summarizes the different roles of transcription factors in the modulation of pluripotent states and in the induction of pluripotent phenotypes.
230-kW peak power femtosecond pulses from a high power tunable source based on amplification in Tm-doped fiber (2005)

We report for the first time an all-fiber laser system that generates tunable Watt-level femtosecond pulses at around 2 microm without an external pulse compressor. The system is based on amplification of a Raman shifted Er-doped fiber laser in a Tm-doped 25-microm-core fiber. We obtain 108-fs pulses at 1980 nm with an average power of 3.1 W and a pulse energy of 31 nJ. The peak power at the output of the amplifier is estimated as ~230 kW, which to the best of our knowledge is the highest peak power obtained from a femtosecond or a few-picosecond amplifier based on any doped fiber. The amplified output is frequency-doubled to produce 78-fs pulses at 990 nm with an average power of 1.5 W and a pulse energy of 15 nJ. We demonstrate broad wavelength tunability around 2 microm as well as around 1 microm.
Decreased T cell reactivity to Epstein-Barr virus infected lymphoblastoid cell lines in multiple sclerosis (2008)

This quantitative deficiency in CD8(+) T cell immunity to EBV might be responsible for the accumulation of EBV infected B cells in the brains of patients with MS.
Filtered Cerebrospinal Fluid From Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Displays an Altered Proteome and Affects Motor Phenotype in a Mouse Model (2022)

We demonstrated the ability to filter proteins from the CSF of ALS patients and identified potentially pathologic proteins that were reduced in quantity. Additionally, we demonstrated the ability of unfiltered ALS-CSF to induce motor deficits in mice on the pole descent and open field tests and showed that filtration could prevent this deficit. Given the lack of effective treatments for ALS, this could be a novel solution for patients suffering from this deadly and irreversible condition.
Treatment of Nocturnal Airway Obstruction Improves Daytime Cognitive Performance in Asthmatics (1997)

It has been shown that asthmatics have nocturnal symptoms associated with impaired cognitive performance. We explored more carefully different therapeutic approaches on this performance in relation to lung function in 46 atopics with mild to moderate asthma and with a circadian variation in peak expiratory flow (PEF) > or = 15%. In a double-blind, parallel study they inhaled salmeterol 50 microg or fluticasone 250 microg or a combination of both twice daily for 6 wk. The psychometric tests used informed about focused attention, mental flexibility, concentration, and attention. The results of the psychometric tests were compared with those in healthy control subjects. The PASAT score and the finishing time of the color-word chart subtest were significantly lower in these asthmatics than in the control subjects. Circadian PEF variation was the only independent factor significantly associated with impaired cognitive performance before the treatment period. The three treatment groups were equally effective in reducing circadian PEF variation below 10% and in improving FEV1 and bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine (MCh) both day and night. After 6 wk of therapy, the daytime cognitive performance was improved to levels comparable to those of the healthy control subjects no matter which drug was inhaled. We conclude that a high level of circadian PEF variation (> or = 20%) has been associated with lower daytime cognitive performance in asthmatics. Reduction of circadian PEF variation to below 10% is an important goal of treatment in asthmatics.
Efficacy of varicella vaccine in patients with solid tumours. (1987)

Thirty nine children with malignant disease and without antibodies to varicella zoster virus were immunised with a live Oka strain varicella vaccine. Seroconversion was shown in 24 of those who were vaccinated but five of 18 who responded to the vaccine who were followed up for over six months subsequently lost their antibodies. Of 10 children who were revaccinated, nine responded to the second dose but three lost their antibodies within six months to two years. Four children developed reactions related to the vaccine, one local and three generalised, but all these were transitory and of no clinical concern. Nine of those who were vaccinated, including four who did not respond to the vaccine, have subsequently had close exposure to varicella but none has developed the disease.
Mitigation of Racial Disparities After Simultaneous Pancreas and Kidney Transplantation. (2014)

Racial differences in outcomes after simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation (SPK) persist even in the modern era of immunosuppression. Studies have shown that inferior outcomes are associated with reduced access to SPK among African Americans (AA). Identification of SPK protocols associated with improved outcomes among AA recipients is of paramount importance to mitigate these disparities. We report the largest single center experience with SPK transplantation in AA. Methods: Long-term outcomes among adult, SPK recipients transplanted at our center between 1997-2012 [n=228; AA=76; Caucasian American (CA) =152]. All patients received anti-thymocyte globulin induction. Maintenance was FK, MMF, and prednisone (steroid-free after 2006). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression (aHR), adjusting for recipient age, gender; donor age, BMI, race, gender, terminal creatinine, DGF, serum amylase, lipase. Results: SPK allografts were more often from donors aged 18-34 yrs, CA, BMI<30, terminal creatinine 1.0 mg/dL, amylase 82U/L, lipase 23U/L, and highest blood glucose 205mg/dL. Across recipient race, there were no significant differences in kidney survival or graft loss [1yr: 100% (AA) vs. 99.3% (CA), p>0.05; aHR 0.49, 95%CI 0.10-2.2, p>0.05]. There were no differences in pancreas survival or graft loss across race [1yr: 93.4% (AA) vs. 95.4% (CA), p>0.05; aHR 0.50, 95%CI 0.19-1.31, p>0.05].Table: No Caption available.Figure: No Caption available.Conclusion: These data demonstrate, for the first time, AA SPK recipients achieve similar long-term outcomes compared to their CA counterparts, and lend support to improving access to SPK transplantation for AA. DISCLOSURES:Locke, J.: Speaker's Bureau, Spire Learning, Visiting professor series sponsored by Sanofi.
High prevalence of the W24X mutation in the gene encoding connexin‐26 (GJB2) in Spanish Romani (gypsies) with autosomal recessive non‐syndromic hearing loss (2005)

Molecular testing for mutations in the gene encoding connexin-26 (GJB2) at the DFNB1 locus has become the standard of care for genetic diagnosis and counseling of autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing impairment (ARNSHI). The spectrum of mutations in GJB2 varies considerably among the populations, different alleles predominating in different ethnic groups. A cohort of 34 families of Spanish Romani (gypsies) with ARNSHI was screened for mutations in GJB2. We found that DFNB1 deafness accounts for 50% of all ARNSHI in Spanish gypsies. The predominating allele is W24X (79% of the DFNB1 alleles), and 35delG is the second most common allele (17%). An allele-specific PCR test was developed for the detection of the W24X mutation. By using this test, carrier frequencies were determined in two sample groups of gypsies from different Spanish regions (Andalusia and Catalonia), being 4% and 0%, respectively. Haplotype analysis for microsatellite markers closely flanking the GJB2 gene revealed five different haplotypes associated with the W24X mutation, all sharing the same allele from marker D13S141, suggesting that a founder effect for this mutation is responsible for its high prevalence among Spanish gypsies.
17-Bromo-16-formyl-3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene (2005)

In the title estrane derivative, C20H23BrO2, the five-membered ring adopts a conformation that is inter­mediate between twist and envelope. The C atom of the form­yl group and the bromo function are in close proximity. Close inter­molecular Br⋯Br and Br⋯C contacts are observed in the crystal structure.