gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Log-Euclidean Metrics for SPD Matrix Learning (2023)

Symmetric Positive Definite (SPD) matrices have received wide attention in machine learning due to their intrinsic capacity to encode underlying structural correlation in data. Many successful Riemannian metrics have been proposed to reflect the non-Euclidean geometry of SPD manifolds. However, most existing metric tensors are fixed, which might lead to sub-optimal performance for SPD matrix learning, especially for deep SPD neural networks. To remedy this limitation, we leverage the commonly encountered pullback techniques and propose Adaptive Log-Euclidean Metrics (ALEMs), which extend the widely used Log-Euclidean Metric (LEM). Compared with the previous Riemannian metrics, our metrics contain learnable parameters, which can better adapt to the complex dynamics of Riemannian neural networks with minor extra computations. We also present a complete theoretical analysis to support our ALEMs, including algebraic and Riemannian properties. The experimental and theoretical results demonstrate the merit of the proposed metrics in improving the performance of SPD neural networks. The efficacy of our metrics is further showcased on a set of recently developed Riemannian building blocks, including Riemannian batch normalization, Riemannian Residual blocks, and Riemannian classifiers.
Retained mucosa after double-stapled ileal reservoir and ileoanal anastomosis (1992)

A study was undertaken to assess the incidence of inflammation and dysplasia in retained mucosa after double-stapled ileoanal reservoir (IAR) for mucosal ulcerative colitis (MUC). Between September 1988 and February 1992, 56 patients with MUC underwent an IAR. Forty-five patients had a double-stapled IAR (DS-IAR), seven patients had a transanal pursestring stapled IAR (PS-IAR), and four patients had a PS-IAR with mucosectomy. Distal donuts obtained from the stapled IAR were submitted for pathologic review in 55 patients. Nine patients had only small bowel, connective tissue, and/or muscle noted on review. Mucosa was qualified as squamous epithelium (SE), transitional epithelium (TE), or columnar epithelium (CE). All samples were examined for evidence of inflammation and dysplasia. Four patients had SE only, one patient had TE, and 18 had CE. In addition, three patients had SE and CE, seven patients had SE and TE, two patients had CE and TE, and nine patients had all three types. The distance from the dentate line to the anastomosis ranged from 0 to 2.5 cm (mean, 1 cm). In 19 patients (35 percent), the distal donut revealed MUC. Of these 19 patients, six had persistent MUC (43 percent) at the time of subsequent biopsy. An additional four patients had MUC evident on follow-up biopsy but not on distal donuts; two of these four patients had no mucosa in their distal donuts. Only one of the patients with evidence of MUC on donuts and/or biopsy experienced any symptoms referable to active MUC (1.8 percent). None of the specimens examined had any evidence of dysplasia. In 31 patients, no MUC was present in the initial donuts or follow-up biopsies. Although the double-stapled technique appears safe, periodic monitoring is suggested.
ChemInform Abstract: γ2‐, γ3‐, and γ2,3,4‐Amino Acids, Coupling to γ‐Hexapeptides: CD Spectra, NMR Solution and X‐Ray Crystal Structures of γ‐Peptides. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
[The clinical effect of factor XIII on drug-induced hemorrhagic cystitis]. (1994)

The therapeutic effects of Factor XIII (F XIII) concentrate against drug-induced hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) was investigated. HC occurred in 4 children with malignant disease during anti-cancer chemotherapy. Two (CML and T-ALL) of 4 patients developed HC after the administration of high dose cyclophosphamide as conditioning for allo bone marrow transplantation or peripheral blood stem cell autografts, and the other 2 patients (rhabdomyosarcoma, Wilm's tumor) developed HC after the administration of ifosfamide for relapse. When F XIII concentrate at a dose of 20 to 230 U/kg was administrated immediately after the onset of HC, the symptoms, i.e., bladder irritability and macrohematuria disappeared within a few days. The F XIII serum levels of those patients were low (27-57%), and the levels increased (63-230%) after administration of F XIII concentrate. The two patients with relapsed solid tumor showed no symptoms of HC during subsequent ifosfamide treatment when F XIII concentrate was administrated to maintain a normal F XIII range. These results suggest that the administration of F XIII concentrate may be useful for the prophylaxis and treatment of drug-induced HC in patients with a low F XIII level.
A New Mid-UV Resist With Oxygen Plasma Resistance (1989)

A new silyl ether of resorcinol novolak resin (SERN) and a new photoactive compound (S-55NQ) have been developed for a bilayer resist system. The SERN resin is an addition-condensation type terpolymer from resorcinol, hexamethylenetetramine, and phenyl silyl ether (PSE), which is a reaction product of resorcinol and chlorosilane, under acid catalyzed condition. The S-55NQ sensitizer is a sulfonate ester of spiroglycol and naphthoquinone diazide. This alkaline soluble Si-containing resist, useful in the mid-UV region, shows high dry etching resistance to O<sub>2</sub> plasma and O<sub>2</sub> RIE. An etching rate ratio of 4.5 or higher based on HPR-204 as the bottom layer is obtained.
A Method for Extrapolation of Missing Digital Audio Data (1994)

Thispreprinthas beenreproducedfromthe author&amp;apos;sadvance manuscript,withoutediting,correctionsorconsiderationby the ReviewBoard. TheAES takesno responsibilityfor the contents. Additionalpreprintsmaybe obtainedby sendingrequestand remittanceto theAudioEngineeringSociety,60 East42nd St.,
Acute renal dysfunction in patients with alcoholic hepatitis (2011)

Acute renal dysfunction is common in patients with alcoholic hepatitis (AH). Its presence leads to higher mortality in these patients. Despite advances in medical care, the outcome has changed little over the past decades. Studies using Pentoxifylline and molecular adsorbent recirculation system have shown encouraging data in small studies. Further larger well designed studies are needed to assess these modalities of treatment for the treatment of AH.
Measles virus infection diminishes preexisting antibodies that offer protection from other pathogens (2019)

Measles virus is directly responsible for more than 100,000 deaths yearly. Epidemiological studies have associated measles with increased morbidity and mortality for years after infection, but the reasons why are poorly understood. Measles virus infects immune cells, causing acute immune suppression. To identify and quantify long-term effects of measles on the immune system, we used VirScan, an assay that tracks antibodies to thousands of pathogen epitopes in blood. We studied 77 unvaccinated children before and 2 months after natural measles virus infection. Measles caused elimination of 11 to 73% of the antibody repertoire across individuals. Recovery of antibodies was detected after natural reexposure to pathogens. Notably, these immune system effects were not observed in infants vaccinated against MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella), but were confirmed in measles-infected macaques. The reduction in humoral immune memory after measles infection generates potential vulnerability to future infections, underscoring the need for widespread vaccination.
Development of low-temperature sintered nano-silver pastes using MO technology and resin reinforcing technology (2014)

Traditional thick film technology is widely used in various electronics products. With that technology, there are two types of pastes: a high-temperature sintering type and a low-temperature processing type. The high-temperature sintering type contains glass and requires over 400 °C for adhesion. It provides high electrical and thermal performance. The low-temperature processing type, on the other hand, requires 150-300°C which is the same curing condition as silver epoxy. For the low-temperature processing, nano-silver technology has made great progress in the last decade. This paper will discuss the fundamental study on nanosilver pastes newly developed with an unique approach using MO (Metallo-organic) technology and resin reinforcing technology. Nano-silver pastes contain several types of dispersants as surface coating to prevent agglomeration of the particles. Various coating techniques have been reported to optimize sintering performance and stability. Our coating techniques in MO technology provide a low-temperature sintering capability by minimizing the coating materials. The nanosilver pastes show high electrical and thermal performance. However, degradation of die shear strength had been found by thermal cycling test due to the fragility of porous sintered structure. To improve the mechanical property, resin reinforcing technology has been developed. Adding special resin to the pastes fills the porous area and reinforces the sintered structure. Degradation of die shear strength have not found by 1000 cycles of thermal cycling test. Additionally, adding different types of special resins to the pastes decreases the elastic modulus. These techniques will expand the applicable die size range even though C.T.E difference between die and substrate is large. Nano-silver pastes using MO technology and resin reinforcing technology will meet various requirements for many different types of thick film applications.
Multipath live streaming via TCP (2009)

Motivated by the wide use of TCP for multimedia streaming in practice and the increasing availability of multipath between end hosts, we study multipath live streaming via TCP in this article. We first design a simple and practical TCP-based multipath streaming scheme, named Dynamic MPath-streaming (DMP-streaming) , which dynamically distributes packets over multiple paths by implicitly inferring the available bandwidths on these paths. To allow systematic performance study, we develop an analytical model for DMP-streaming and validate the model using extensive ns simulation and Internet experiments. We explore the parameter space of this model and find that DMP-streaming generally provides satisfactory performance when the aggregate achievable TCP throughput is 1.6 times the video bitrate, when allowing a few seconds of startup delay. Last, we comment on the benefits of using multipath versus single path for TCP-based streaming.
Synthese eines stabilen Aminosilanols und eines Lithium‐Aminosilanolats mit Cubanstruktur (1984)

Weder inter‐ noch intramolekulare NH 3 ‐ oder H 2 O‐Abspaltung findet beim ersten stabilen Aminosilanol, 2 , statt. 2 , das aus dem Chlorsilanol 1 und Ammoniak entsteht, reagiert mit BuLi zu 3 , das in der Gasphase und im festen Zustand tetramer ist. magnified image
Wheat <em>mlo</em> Mutants Show Allele-Specific Levels of Enhanced Susceptibility to the Hemibiotrophic Fungal Pathogen <em>Magnaporthe oryzae</em> pv. <em>Triticum</em> (2020)

Barley mlo mutants are well known for their profound resistance against powdery mildew disease. Recently, mlo mutant plants were generated in hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) with the help of transgenic (transcription-activator-like nuclease, TALEN) and non-transgenic (targeted induced local lesions in genomes, TILLING) biotechnological approaches. While full gene knockouts in the three wheat Mlo (TaMlo) homoeologs, created via TALEN, confer full resistance to the wheat powdery mildew pathogen (Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici), the currently available TILLING-derived Tamlo missense mutants provide only partial protection against powdery mildew attack. Here we studied the infection phenotypes of TALEN- and TILLING-derived Tamlo plants to the two hemibiotrophic pathogens Zymoseptoria tritici, causing Septoria leaf blotch in wheat, and Magnaporthe oryzae pv. Triticum (MoT), the causal agent of wheat blast disease. While Tamlo plants showed unaltered outcomes upon challenge with Z. tritici, we found allele-specific levels of enhanced susceptibility to MoT, with stronger powdery mildew resistance correlated with more invasive growth by the blast pathogen. Surprisingly, unlike barley mlo mutants, young wheat mlo mutant plants do not show undesired pleiotropic phenotypes such as spontaneous callose deposits in leaf mesophyll cells or signs of early leaf senescence. In conclusion, our study provides evidence for allele-specific levels of enhanced susceptibility of Tamlo plants to the hemibiotrophic wheat pathogen MoT.
470 Blood-based Brain and Global Biomarker Changes Following Combined Hypoxemia and Hemorrhagic Shock in a Rat Model of Penetrating Ballistic-Like Brain Injury (2022)

INTRODUCTION: Penetrating traumatic brain injury (pTBI) often occurs with systemic insults like hemorrhagic (HS) and hypoxemic (HX) shock. METHODS: 30 rats were randomly assigned to sham, PBBI, HS+HX, and PBBI+HS+HX groups. PBBI and sham groups underwent craniotomy with and without probe insertion and balloon expansion, respectively. HX and HS was then simulated by blood withdrawal and FiO2 reduction. Biomarker serum concentrations were determined at one (D1) and two (D2) days post-injury with ELISA methods. RESULTS: Axonal injury-linked biomarkers pNF-H and NF-L serum levels in PBBI groups were higher than those in sham and HX + HS groups at D1 and D2 post-injury. The same was true for PBBI + HX + HS compared to sham (D2 only for pNF-H) and HX + HS groups. However, pNF-H and NF-L levels in PBBI + HX + HS were not different than their PBBI counterparts. At D1, αII-spectrin levels in the HX + HS and PBBI + HS + HX groups were higher than the sham groups. αII-spectrin levels in the HX + HS group were higher than the PBBI group. This suggests HX + HS as the common insult driving αII-spectrin elevations. CONCLUSION: pNF-H and NF-L may serve as specific serum biomarkers of penetrating TBI in the presence or absence of systemic insults. αII-spectrin may be a sensitive acute biomarker in detecting systemic insults occurring alone or with pTBI.
Use of echocardiography as an essential tool for targeted transcatheter biopsy of cardiac masses (2019)

Echocardiography has emerged as an essential tool to guide targeted, transcatheter biopsy of cardiac masses. Options for imaging include transthoracic or transesophageal echocardiography and intracardiac echocardiography, with appropriate use being dictated by specific patient characteristics and institutional experience. The authors present a case of three-dimensional (3-D) transesophageal echocardiography-guided transcatheter biopsy of a right ventricular mass and review the current use of echocardiography to guide these procedures.
Subspace Vertex Pursuit: A Fast and Robust Near-Separable Nonnegative Matrix Factorization Method for Hyperspectral Unmixing (2015)

The separability assumption turns the nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) problem tractable, which coincides with the pure pixel assumption and provides new insights for the hyperspectral unmixing problem. Based on this assumption, and starting from the data self-expressiveness perspective, we formulate the unmixing problem as a joint sparse recovery problem by using the data itself as a dictionary. Moreover, we present a quasi-greedy algorithm for this problem by employing a back-tracking strategy. In comparison with the previous greedy methods, the proposed method can refresh the candidate pixels by solving a small fixed-scale convex sub-problem in every iteration. Therefore, our method has two important characteristics: (i) enhanced robustness against noise; (ii) moderate computational complexity and scalability to large dataset. Finally, computer simulations on both synthetic and real hyperspectral datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Palivizumab prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus disease in 2000–2001: Results from the palivizumab outcomes registry (2003)

The objective of the Registry was to characterize the population of infants receiving prophylaxis for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease by describing the patterns and scope of usage of palivizumab in a cross section of US infants. RSV hospitalization outcomes were also described. The Palivizumab (Synagis, MedImmune, Inc., 25 West Watkins Mill Road, Gaithersburg, MD 20878) Outcomes Registry was a prospective multicenter survey conducted at 63 sites. Demographics, injection history, and RSV hospitalization outcomes were collected on 2,116 infants receiving palivizumab. Infants were enrolled in the Registry between September 1, 2000-March 1, 2001, at the time of their first injection. Infants born at less than 32 weeks of gestation accounted for 47% of infants enrolled, and those between 32-35 weeks accounted for 45%; approximately 8% were greater than 35 weeks of gestation. Lower RSV hospitalization rates were observed in infants who had greater adherence to regularly scheduled injections. Nearly one-half of all hospitalizations occurred within the first and second injection intervals, suggesting the importance of early RSV protection. The confirmed RSV hospitalization rate of all infants in the Registry was 2.9%; the rate was 5.8% in infants with chronic lung disease of infancy, and 2.1% in premature infants without chronic lung disease. In conclusion, these data support the continued effectiveness of palivizumab prophylaxis for severe RSV lower respiratory tract disease in a large cohort of high-risk infants from geographically diverse pediatric offices and clinics. The Palivizumab Outcomes Registry provides an opportunity to assess palivizumab utilization and clinical effectiveness in the US.
Nickel oxide functionalized silicon for efficient photo-oxidation of water (2012)

We report a nickel oxide (NiOx) thin film, from a cost-effective sol–gel process, coated n-type silicon (n-Si) as a photoanode for efficient photo-oxidation of water under neutral pH condition. The NiOx thin film has three functions: (i) serves as a protection layer to improve the chemical stability of the Si photoelectrode, (ii) acts as an oxygen evolution catalyst, and (iii) provides junction photovoltage to further reduce overpotential. The oxygen evolution onset potential is reduced to below the thermodynamic water oxidation level and oxygen evolution was observed at low overpotentials. Our results demonstrate the fabrication of robust photoelectrodes from low-cost NiOx and Si, which enable a practical solar water oxidation with high efficiency.
E-Commerce and Cybersecurity Challenges (2022)

COVID-19 has accelerated the digital transformation in the business sector as many business organizations adopted electronic commerce to keep their operations running. Business organizations have also increased their participation on social networking applications to attract customers. Due to huge presence of users, social networking sites have also evolved into an emerging marketplace, which is referred as social commerce. There are many security issues involved in technological adoption in different business processes. On the other hand, social media is extensively used for product marketing, so fake information and fake product reviews can also influence consumers purchasing decision, so providing accurate marketing information is also a challenge for business organizations. In this chapter, the authors conduct a systematic literature review to understand the cybersecurity issues faced by business organizations and customers and how recent advances such as fintech, etc. provide additional cybersecurity challenges for business organization to protect themselves and their customers.
A Method of Comparison of Different Regimens for Dialyzing Single-Pool Solutes (2011)

Many points of reference have been used to compare and rationalize extracorporeal end-stage renal disease therapy. We address a specific part of the subject: the effect of the delivery schedule on a predetermined dose of dialysis, e.g., weekly Kt/V. Steady (time-invariant) application of dialysis absolutely minimizes time-averaged and peak concentrations of any extractable solute. However, such dosing is often impractical; we assess the effectiveness of achievable slow regimens relative to steady dosing, using the single-pool approximation, applicable to slow regimens. Dose scheduling has been previously considered. We combine and discuss prior observations and establish continuous dosing as an easily quantifiable reference point, and we emphasize fundamental patterns common to different schedules. Thus, we enable rapid comparison of the many "slow" dialysis regimens presently under consideration using two intuitive parameters to encompass dialysis dosing: intermittency and intensity. These parameters define any repetitive dialysis pattern. A method for evaluating any combination of them is given with formulae, graphically, and with examples. Intermittency increases average solute concentration only slightly, but the frequency and spacing of intermittent treatments strongly affect peak solute concentrations. With steadier solute removal, cycling of solvent (water) stores is likely to remain the dominant source of disequilibrium in patients.
Timing optimization of combinational logic (2003)

An algorithm for speeding up combinational logic with minimal area increase is presented. A static timing analyzer is used to identify the critical paths. Then a weighted min-cut algorithm is used to determine the subset of nodes to be resynthesized. This subset is selected so that the speedup is achieved with minimal area increase. Resynthesis is done by selectively collapsing the logic along the critical paths and then decomposing the collapsed nodes to minimize the critical delay. This process is iterated until either the timing requirements are satisfied or no further improvement can be made. The algorithm has been implemented and tested on many design examples with promising results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Bridge Plate Failure with Extensor Tendon Injury: A Case Report and Literature Review (2018)

The compounded complication of plate failure with extensor tendon injury emphasizes the important relationship between the local anatomy, barriers to patient care, and potential problems after spanning plate fixation.
Establishing Trusted Identities in Disconnected Edge Environments (2016)

When establishing communication between two nodes, identification, authentication, and authorization provide the information and assurances necessary for the nodes to trust each other. A common solution for establishing trust between two nodes is to create and share credentials in advance, and then use a third-party, online trusted authority to validate the credentials of the nodes. However, the characteristics of tactical environments - such as those in which first responders, search and rescue teams, and military personnel operate - do not consistently provide access to that third-party authority or certificate repository because they are DIL environments (disconnected, intermittent, limited). The goal of this paper is to present a solution for establishing trusted identities in disconnected environments based on secure key generation and exchange in the field. For the implementation and evaluation of the solution we use our open source implementation of a tactical cloudlets system that is targeted at supporting disconnected operations.