gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modelling electrical conductivity for earth media with macroscopic fluid‐filled fractures (2012)

ABSTRACT Effective‐medium theories for either highly conductive or more resistive electrical inclusions in a moderately conducting background medium are presented for modelling macroscopic (i.e., large‐scale) fluid‐filled fractures or cracks in a potential reservoir rock or granular medium. Conductive fluids are most often brine and the resistive fluids of interest are oil, gas, air and/or CO 2 . Novel features of the presentation for conductive fluids include results for both non‐interacting inclusions (using a Maxwell approximation) and for interacting inclusions (via a self‐consistent effective‐medium scheme). The anisotropic analysis is specifically designed to handle reservoirs with multiple orientations (usually three orthogonal sets) of oblate spheroidal cracks/fractures, while also having arbitrary aspect ratios. But these aspect ratios are strictly &lt;1, thus excluding spherical pores and simple granular media – both already widely studied by others. Results show that the self‐consistent approximation depends on fracture aspect ratio α and that this approximation becomes important when fracture porosity is about φ= 1% for aspect ratio α≃ 0.05, or φ= 3% for aspect ratio α≃ 0.10. It is shown that the self‐consistent analysis is most important when the fractures have a very small aspect ratio — the inferred reason being that the fracture (or crack) number density (ρ c ≡φ/α) then becomes very high and the fracture relative spacing correspondingly very small for any fixed value of porosity (but with decreasing values of the aspect ratio). Hybrid methods (combining self‐consistent and non‐self consistent formulas) are also developed to deal with high volume fractions and multiple sets of fractures having different aspect ratios. Whenever possible and appropriate, the results are also compared to rigorous bounds, including the Wiener bounds and the Hashin‐Shtrikman bounds, in order to provide one type of partial validation of the methods being developed.
Uplink Detection and BER Analysis for Ambient Backscatter Communication Systems (2015)

Ambient backscatter is a new communication technology that utilizes ambient radio frequency signals to enable battery-free devices to communicate with each other. In this paper, we study the problem of signal detection and bit error rate (BER) performance for this new communication system where the differential encoding is adopted to eliminate the necessity of channel estimation. We formulate a new transmission model, design the data detection approach, and derive the optimal/approximate closed-form detection thresholds. In addition, the performance at high signal-to-noise region (SNR) is also analyzed, where the lower and the upper bounds of BERs are found. Simulation results are then provided to corroborate our theoretical studies.
Functional and morphological characteristics of the first corpus luteum formed after parturition in ewes (1989)

The ability of sheep luteal cells from the first corpus luteum formed after parturition (Group F) to secrete progesterone in the presence or absence of LH was compared with that of luteal cells obtained from normal cyclic ewes (Group C). Luteal concentrations of receptors for LH and prostaglandins (PG) F-2 alpha (PGF-2 alpha) and the cellular composition of corpora lutea from Groups F and C were also compared. Luteal cells from Group F secreted less progesterone in either the presence or absence of LH (P less than 0.01). There was no difference in the number of receptors for LH or PGF-2 alpha per luteal cell between Groups F and C (P greater than 0.1), nor was there a difference in the number of large or small steroidogenic luteal cells (P greater than 0.1). It was concluded that, if short-lived corpora lutea are insensitive to gonadotrophins, this response is not mediated by decreased numbers of receptors for LH. In addition, if the first corpus luteum formed post partum in ewes is more sensitive to the luteolytic effects of PGF-2 alpha, this effect is not mediated by an increased number of receptors for PGF-2 alpha or an increased proportion of PGF-2 alpha-sensitive large luteal cells.
H19 RNA downregulation stimulated melanogenesis in melasma (2009)

A variety of factors, including ultraviolet (UV) exposure, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of melasma. However, UV-induced hyperpigmentation usually recovers spontaneously, whereas melasma does not. Recently, we detected downregulation of the H19 gene on microarray analysis of hyperpigmented and normally pigmented skin from patients with melasma, and identified significant clinical correlations. The H19 downregulation was not accompanied by a reciprocal change of the imprinted gene, insulin-like growth factor II. Moreover, methylation pattern of the H19 promoter region in maternal ICR was variable. The H19 knockdown in melanocyte monoculture did not result in obvious tyrosinase overexpression, whereas the knockdown in a mixed cell culture system, composed of H19 siRNA transfected normal human keratinocytes and non-transfected normal human melanocytes, did induce not only a tyrosinase overexpression but also an increase of melanosome transfer. Estrogen treatment of the H19 RNA knockdown in the mixed cell culture was more than an additive effect on the tyrosinase overexpression, whereas UV irradiation was not. These findings suggest that downregulation of H19 and a sufficient dose of estrogen might be involved in the development of melasma.
Exhaust Emissions Sensitivities with Direct Injection on a 50cc Scooter (1997)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The Orbital Combustion Process (OCP) has been successfully implemented on automotive and marine engines. Large marine outboards are in production using this technology for emissions control and a limited release of vehicles is underway. ULEV emissions have also been measured in independent laboratories on the automotive engine.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The fuel injection system has been adapted to 50cc scooters. Although the same basic injector has been retained, the remainder of the system has been optimized for the different cost, engine size and emission constraints applicable to this market. The system utilizes a crankcase pressure actuated positive displacement metering system with a much simplified control system compared with marine and automotive systems. The basic scooter system has been previously described in SAE &lt;a href="http://www.sae.org/technical/papers/941687" target="_blank"&gt;941687&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="xref"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The combustion process is substantially changed from that used on the larger automotive engines due to the smaller bore size and higher engine operating speed.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Optimization of the combustion chamber and injection system for both maximum power and minimum emissions is discussed, including modifications to the cylinder head and piston design, and injector spray requirements. Typical air to fuel ratios and parameter timings are also presented.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The resultant misfire free scooter engine demonstrates similar power, reduced fuel consumption and compliance with emission regulations at low incremental cost to the vehicle manufacturer.&lt;/div&gt;
<title>Underwater electro-optical system for mine identification</title> (1995)

The Electro-Optic Identification (EOID) Sensors project is developing a Laser Visual Iidentification Sensor (LVIS) for identification of proud, partially buried, and moored mines in shallow water/very shallow water. LVIS will be deployed in small diameter underwater vehicles, including unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs). Since the mission is mine identification, LVIS must: a) deliver high quality images in turbid coastal waters, while b) being compatible with the size and power constraints imposed by the intended deployment platforms. This project is sponsored by the Office of Naval Research, as a part of the AOA Mine Reconnaissance/Hunter program. High quality images which retain target detail and contrast are required for mine identification. LVIS will be designed to produce images of minelike contacts (MLC) of sufficient quality to allow identification while operating in turbid coastal waters from a small diameter UUV. Technology goals for the first generation LVIS are a) identification range up to 40 feet for proud, partially buried, and moored MLCs under coastal water conditions; b) day/night operation from a UUV operating at speeds up to 4 knots; c) power consumption less than 500 watts, with 275 watts being typical; and d) packaged within a 32-inch long portion of a 21-inch diameter vehicle section.
Modulation Formats and Waveforms for 5G Networks: Who Will Be the Heir of OFDM?: An overview of alternative modulation schemes for improved spectral efficiency (2014)

Fifth-generation (5G) cellular communications promise to deliver the gigabit experience to mobile users, with a capacity increase of up to three orders of magnitude with respect to current long-term evolution (LTE) systems. There is widespread agreement that such an ambitious goal will be realized through a combination of innovative techniques involving different network layers. At the physical layer, the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation format, along with its multiple-access strategy orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), is not taken for granted, and several alternatives promising larger values of spectral efficiency are being considered. This article provides a review of some modulation formats suited for 5G, enriched by a comparative analysis of their performance in a cellular environment, and by a discussion on their interactions with specific 5G ingredients. The interaction with a massive multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) system is also discussed by employing real channel measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Diastereoselective, Tandem Mukaiyama Aldol‐Lactonization Route to β‐Lactones: Application to a Concise Synthesis of the Potent Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitor, (‐)‐Panclicin D. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The molecular mechanism of the inhibition by licofelone of the biosynthesis of 5‐lipoxygenase products (2007)

Our data suggest that the potent inhibition of the biosynthesis of 5-LO products by licofelone requires an intact cellular environment and appears to be due to interference with FLAP.
Automating Live Update for Generic Server Programs (2016)

The pressing demand to deploy software updates without stopping running programs has fostered much research on live update systems in the past decades. Prior solutions, however, either make strong assumptions on the nature of the update or require extensive and error-prone manual effort, factors which discourage the adoption of live update. This paper presents <i>Mutable Checkpoint-Restart</i> ( <i>MCR</i> ), a new live update solution for generic (multiprocess and multithreaded) server programs written in C. Compared to prior solutions, MCR can support arbitrary software updates and automate most of the common live update operations. The key idea is to allow the running version to safely reach a quiescent state and then allow the new version to restart as similarly to a fresh program initialization as possible, relying on existing code paths to automatically restore the old program threads and reinitialize a relevant portion of the program data structures. To transfer the remaining data structures, MCR relies on a combination of precise and conservative garbage collection techniques to trace all the global pointers and apply the required state transformations on the fly. Experimental results on popular server programs ( <i>Apache httpd</i> , <i>nginx</i> , <i>OpenSSH</i> and <i>vsftpd</i> ) confirm that our techniques can effectively automate problems previously deemed difficult at the cost of negligible performance overhead (2 percent on average) and moderate memory overhead (3.9 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times$ </tex-math></inline-formula> on average, without optimizations).
Ionization structure and the reverse shock in E0102-72 (2001)

The young oxygen-rich supernova remnant E0102-72 in the Small Magellanic Cloud has been observed with the High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer of Chandra. The high resolution X-ray spectrum reveals images of the remnant in the light of individual emission lines of oxygen, neon, magnesium and silicon. The peak emission region for hydrogen-like ions lies at larger radial distance from the SNR center than the corresponding helium-like ions, suggesting passage of the ejecta through the "reverse shock". We examine models which test this interpretation, and we discuss the implications.
Exploiting Web Service Usage Context to Facilitate Services Organization (2010)

Service-oriented architectures (SOA) are becoming the dominant computing paradigm, where all resources are abstracted as services to form services society. Open-access and easy-visiting of services are keys to services eco-system, thus service search engines will play an increasingly important role. Generally retrieved services are listed and ranked by the content similarities to queries. One problem is that if user clicks one service and finds that it is not good. Then how to find similar services to this service is a challenging problem. We find that traditional content-based similarity calculation method is insufficient to clustering similar services. In this paper, we introduce a concept of services “context” to characterize services. By using service context, we build services related collaboration graphs. A dynamic clustering approach is designed with respect to their contexts.
Manchoukuo Acts to Aid Interests of Economic Bloc (1936)

Other| November 18 1936 Manchoukuo Acts to Aid Interests of Economic Bloc J. R. S. J. R. S. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Far Eastern Survey (1936) 5 (23): 250. https://doi.org/10.2307/3022488 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation J. R. S.; Manchoukuo Acts to Aid Interests of Economic Bloc. Far Eastern Survey 18 November 1936; 5 (23): 250. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3022488 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAsian Survey Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
ADHD-hyperactive/impulsive subtype in adults (2010)

This is the first study to evaluate ADHD-hyperactive/impulsive subtype in a large clinical sample of adults with ADHD. The Quality of Life, Effectiveness, Safety and Tolerability (QuEST) study included 725 adults who received clinician diagnoses of any ADHD subtype. Cross-sectional baseline data from 691 patients diagnosed with the hyperactive/impulsive (HI), inattentive (IA) and combined subtypes were used to compare the groups on the clinician administered ADHD-RS, clinical features and health-related quality of life. A consistent pattern of differences was found between the ADHD-I and combined subtypes, with the combined subtype being more likely to be diagnosed in childhood, more severe symptom severity and lower HRQL. Twenty-three patients out of the total sample of 691 patients (3%) received a clinician diagnosis of ADHD-hyperactive/impulsive subtype. Review of the ratings on the ADHD-RS-IV demonstrated, however, that this group had ratings of inattention comparable to the inattentive group. There were no significant differences found between the ADHD-HI and the other subtypes in symptom severity, functioning or quality of life. The hyperactive/impulsive subtype group identified by clinicians in this study was not significantly different from the rest of the sample. By contrast, significant differences were found between the inattentive and combined types. This suggests that in adults, hyperactivity declines and inattention remains significant, making the hyperactive/impulsive subtype as defined by childhood criteria a very rare condition and raising questions as to the validity of the HI subtype in adults.
Recovery of stromal stem cells in bone sarcoma patients after chemotherapy: Implication for cell-based therapy in bone defect reconstruction (2003)

Bone sarcomas, such as osteosarcoma (OS) or Ewing sarcoma (ES), frequently arise in the intramedullary region of long bones. Patients affected by bone sarcomas are treated with preoperative aggressive chemotherapy immediately after diagnosis. After chemotherapy, patients undergo surgery that frequently entails the excision of wide bone segments. If a large segment of the bone is lost (defined as a critical defect) the patient undergoes bone reconstruction. Because bone marrow derived stromal stem cells (SSC) offer great promise for cell-based regenerative medicine in bone reconstruction, we investigated whether SSC could be isolated from chemotherapy-treated bone sarcoma patients. We also investigated whether chemotherapy modified SSC differentiation capability. We studied 9 SSC derived from OS and ES patients that had undergone chemotherapy and 5 SSC derived from bone sarcoma patients that had not undergone chemotherapy. SSC could be obtained from all the patients analyzed regardless of whether the patients received chemotherapy or not. Our results also showed that post-chemotherapy SSC can be cultured and expanded ex vivo, these cells retained the ability to differentiate toward the osteogenic lineage in vitro. In conclusion, our results support that SSC cells can be obtained from bone sarcoma patients that undergo chemotherapy and suggest that SSC can be used for cell-based bone reconstruction techniques in bone sarcoma patients treated with preoperative chemotherapy.
Dynamic knobs (2008)

In this paper, we introduce the change of a mobile phone's hardware shape as a means of tactile interaction.
Specific lipid protein interactions characterize 3 populations of clathrin coated vesicles involved in the LDL receptor traffic. (1996)

We have previously isolated 3 different populations of clathrin coated vesicles (CCV) involved in the LDL-receptor traffic in bovine adrenal cortex. We now show that each CCV type contains the transferrin-R and the CI-MPR, therefore, they provide a good model for studying the membrane organization that may govern their targeting in one of the biosynthetic, endocytic and/or recycling pathways. Transferrin--prototype of recylcing ligand--, and alpha adaptin, dynamin and the 110 kDa phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase subunit--of the trafficking machinery--were mainly detected in only 2 of the vesicle populations which could be involved in the endocytic/recycling pathway. The third population which contained larger amounts of gamma adaptin and do not carry transferrin could be involved in the biosynthetic pathway. The vesicle lipid pattern and the saturation of their fatty acyl chains were analyzed and confirmed these results. The nature of the interactions between vesicle components was then determined using several classes of detergents. Only non ionic ones could solubilize the LDL-R in a complex with either alpha or gamma adaptin. In contrast, they dissociated clathrin or beta-beta' adaptins. Taken together these results prompt us to suggest an integrated model for targeting in membrane traffic. Besides specific targeting signals carried by cargo proteins and recognized by proteins from the coat and the cytosolic trafficking machinery, lipids would play a key modulatory role. At each step in the membrane traffic, the proteins which carry multiple targeting signals would interact transiently with a specific set of lipids. This would result in the exposure of the appropriate targeting signals which could now become recognized by the proper targeting machinery.
Surface characterizations of color thresholds (1990)

We evaluate how well three different parametric shapes, ellipsoids, rectangles, and parallelograms, serve as models of three-dimensional detection contours. We describe how the procedures for deriving the best-fitting shapes constrain inferences about the theoretical visual detection mechanisms. The ellipsoidal shape, commonly assumed by vector-length theories, is related to a class of visual mechanisms that are unique only up to orthogonal transformations. The rectangle shape is related to a unique set of visual mechanisms, but since the rectangle is not invariant with respect to linear transformations the estimated visual mechanisms are dependent on the stimulus coordinate frame. The parallelogram is related to a unique set of visual mechanisms and can be derived by methods that are independent of the stimulus coordinate frame. We evaluate how well these shapes approximate detection contours, using 2-deg test fields with a long (1-sec) Gaussian time course. Two statistical tests suggest that the parallelogram model is too strong. First, we find that the ellipsoid and rectangle shapes fit the data with the same precision as the variance in repeated threshold measurements. The parallelogram model, which has more free parameters, fits the data with more precision than the variance in repeated threshold measurements. Second, although the parallelogram model provides a slightly better fit of our data than the other two shapes, it does not serve as a better guide than the ellipsoidal model for interpolating from the measurements to thresholds in novel color directions.
Buried Interface Modification Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2002)

Chemical modification of the buried interfaces between silicon wafers and either polystyrene or poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with the reagent (tridecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrooctyl)dimethylchlorosilane (FDCS) was studied using liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide as the solvent and infusing agent. Above the critical point of CO2, FDCS reacts with surface silanols at the SiO2/polystyrene interface to form a monolayer, which was analyzed after removal of the polystyrene film. This is not the case below the critical point, and likely the lower diffusivity and solvent properties of the CO2-swollen film are the causes. The reaction was much less successful at the SiO2/PMMA interface. We suspect that because of strong hydrogen bonding between PMMA and the silicon substrate, modification of the SiO2/PMMA interface is achieved to only a limited extent.