gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
When Information Freshness Meets Service Latency in Federated Learning: A Task-Aware Incentive Scheme for Smart Industries (2020)

For several industrial applications, a sole data owner may lack sufficient training samples to train effective machine learning based models. As such, we propose a federated learning (FL) based approach to promote privacy-preserving collaborative machine learning for applications in smart industries. In our system model, a model owner initiates an FL task involving a group of workers, i.e., data owners, to perform model training on their locally stored data before transmitting the model updates for aggregation. There exists a tradeoff between service latency, i.e., the time taken for the training request to be completed, and age of information (AoI), i.e., the time elapsed between data aggregation from the deployed industrial Internet of Things devices to completion of the FL-based training. On one hand, if the data are collected only upon the model owner's request, the AoI is low. On the other hand, the service latency incurred is more significant. Furthermore, given that different training tasks may have varying AoI requirements, we propose a contract-theoretic task-aware incentive scheme that can be calibrated based on the weighted preferences of the model owner toward AoI and service latency. The performance evaluation validates the incentive compatibility of our contract amid information asymmetry, and shows the flexibility of our proposed scheme toward satisfying varying preferences of AoI and service latency.
Revised European-American Lymphoma Classification (1995)

The recently proposed Revised European-American Lymphoma Classification represents a serious attempt to overcome the controversies that have divided both pathologists and clinicians over the past three decades. It was formulated by 19 experienced hematopathologists, who agreed on a list of clinicopathologic entities, all well known from the literature and daily practice. Compared with previous schemes, the Revised European-American Lymphoma Classification offers the following advantages: 1) it incorporates all nodal and extranodal lymphoid tumors, including Hodgkin's disease; 2) it is histogenetically updated by recognizing new categories (such as the mantle cell category) and grouping tumors that need further validation to be considered as separate entities (eg, diffuse large B-cell lymphomas); 3) it avoids any morphologic grading, the clinical course of lymphomas being influenced by factors other than histology (tumor burden, cell kinetics, apoptotic rate, and so forth) and 4) it includes all molecular data (phenotype, genotype, cytogenetics, and so forth), which can assist in the diagnosis.
Transcriptome Analysis of Reticulated Platelets Reveals a Prothrombotic Profile (2019)

Reticulated platelets (RPs) are larger, hyperreactive platelets that contain significantly more ribonucleic acid (RNA) compared with mature platelets (MPs). High levels of RPs in peripheral blood are predictors of an insufficient response to dual antiplatelet therapy in cardiovascular patients and of adverse cardiovascular events. However, the mechanisms underlying these correlations remain widely unknown and the biology of RPs has not been investigated yet. Here, we compared for the first time the transcriptomic profiles of RPs and MPs isolated from peripheral blood of healthy donors. Total RNA sequencing revealed 1,744 differentially expressed genes (670 downregulated, 1,074 upregulated) in RPs compared with MPs. In particular, transcripts for the collagen receptor <i>GP6</i>, thromboxane receptor A2 (<i>TBXA2R</i>), thrombin receptor <i>PAR4</i> (<i>F2RL3</i>), and adenosine triphosphate receptors <i>P2RX1</i>, <i>ORAI2</i>, and <i>STIM1</i> (both involved in calcium signaling) were significantly upregulated in RPs, whereas several RNA regulators as the ribonuclease <i>PARN</i>, the RISC-component <i>TNRC6A</i>, and the splicing factor <i>LUC7L3</i> were downregulated in RPs. Gene ontology analysis revealed an enrichment of relevant biological categories in RPs including platelet activation and blood coagulation. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis showed an overrepresentation of several platelet activation pathways like thrombin, thromboxane, and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa signaling in RPs. Small-RNA sequencing reported 9 micro-RNAs significantly downregulated in RPs with targets involved in platelet reactivity. Our data show for the first time an enrichment of several prothrombotic transcripts in RPs providing a first biological explanation for their hyperreactive phenotype.
Plantar pressure and shear measurement using surface stress-sensitive film (2019)

Abstract This paper describes the performance of a system for dynamic measurements of pressure and shear forces over the entire plantar surface of the foot. During human locomotion, mechanical stress at the plantar surface is 3D: pressure acting vertically and shear stress acting longitudinally and laterally. The system described here offers gait, foot deformity, diabetic ulceration, and foot-ankle kinetics researchers a means to obtain the full 3D data that is missing in most current research efforts. Surface Stress Sensitive Film ™ (S3F) provides the sensing element for this measurement device. S3F is an incompressible elastic film that deforms in response to applied forces. Upon removal of the forces, the film returns to its original shape. The dynamic, 3D deformations are captured with a digital camera. The measured deformations can be analyzed directly, since they are proportional to the applied forces, or used as inputs to a finite element model of the film to reconstruct the pressure and shear force values. System performance is evaluated using both a standard form and human foot contact. The fundamental approach involves comparing the integrated normal and shear loads from the S3F-based sensor to the measurements provided by a force plate. The results showed high linearity (&lt;3% nonlinearity), low uncertainty (&lt;4%), low cross talk (&lt;3%), high spatial resolution (1.6 mm 2 ), no loss of fidelity at walking speeds with a 45 Hz sampling rate, and good repeatability for human foot contact measurements.
국민연금 민영화 주장에 대한 비판적 고찰 (1998)

The purpose of this paper is to examine critically the recent debates on privatizing of the National Pension System(NPS) in Korea. The paper is developed through both a critical examination of the rationales for the privatization and a case study on Chilean Pension Reform of 1981. The theoretical examination leads me to the conclusion that the Rationales for supporting a privatization. of the public pension system are those like immunity of the private system related to demographic change, admistrative efficiency, its positive effects on the economic growth etc. and those rationals are not correct. The Chilean case is often cited to support the arguments for privatizing the public pension system. However, as the Chilean Pension Reform in 1981 was the last alternative for Chile to solve the financial problems of the old public pension system, the Chilean model is not regarded as an adequate one to reform not only the public pension system generally, but also the NPS in Korea specially. A substitution of the public pension system to the private one does not guarantee to improve individual and national prosperities. It does not also help to reduce the distribution conflict and the financial problem of the public pension system related to demographical change and economic recession. Therefore, it is not regarded that privatization is the best alternative to reform the public pension system of Korea.
The Effects of Testosterone on the Brain of Transgender Men (2021)

Transgender men (TM) experience an incongruence between the female sex assigned when they were born and their self-perceived male identity. Some TM seek for a gender affirming hormone treatment (GAHT) to induce a somatic transition from female to male through continuous administration of testosterone. GAHT seems to be relatively safe. However, testosterone produces structural changes in the brain as detected by quantitative magnetic resonance imaging. Mainly, it induces an increase in cortical volume and thickness and subcortical structural volume probably due to the anabolic effects. Animal models, specifically developed to test the anabolic hypothesis, suggest that testosterone and estradiol, its aromatized metabolite, participate in the control of astrocyte water trafficking, thereby controlling brain volume.
Genome-Wide Identification ofStreptococcus pneumoniaeGenes Essential for Bacterial Replication during Experimental Meningitis (2010)

Meningitis is the most serious of invasive infections caused by the Gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae. Vaccines protect only against a limited number of serotypes, and evolving bacterial resistance to antimicrobials impedes treatment. Further insight into the molecular pathogenesis of invasive pneumococcal disease is required in order to enable the development of new or adjunctive treatments and/or pneumococcal vaccines that are efficient across serotypes. We applied genomic array footprinting (GAF) in the search for S. pneumoniae genes that are essential during experimental meningitis. A total of 6,000 independent TIGR4 marinerT7 transposon mutants distributed over four libraries were injected intracisternally into rabbits, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected after 3, 9, and 15 h. Microarray analysis of mutant-specific probes from CSF samples and inocula identified 82 and 11 genes mutants of which had become attenuated or enriched, respectively, during infection. The results point to essential roles for capsular polysaccharides, nutrient uptake, and amino acid biosynthesis in bacterial replication during experimental meningitis. The GAF phenotype of a subset of identified targets was followed up by detailed studies of directed mutants in competitive and noncompetitive infection models of experimental rat meningitis. It appeared that adenylosuccinate synthetase, flavodoxin, and LivJ, the substrate binding protein of a branched-chain amino acid ABC transporter, are relevant as targets for future therapy and prevention of pneumococcal meningitis, since their mutants were attenuated in both models of infection as well as in competitive growth in human cerebrospinal fluid in vitro.
Reduction of Extraneural Scarring by ADCON-T/N after Surgical Intervention (1996)

The effects of ADCON-T/N (Gliatech, Inc., Cleveland, OH), a carbohydrate polymer gel, on peripheral nerve scarring and regeneration were studied in rodents undergoing three types of surgical intervention. Procedure I involved external neurolysis of the sciatic nerve from surrounding tissues and separation of its tibial and peroneal components. Procedure II involved the addition of an abrasive injury. Procedure III involved transection and suture anastomosis of the tibial component. ADCON-T/N or a control gel was locally applied in a blind fashion. Additional animals received no gel, as a further control. Animals underwent second operations 4 weeks after Procedures I and II and 6 weeks after Procedure III. The surgical sites were evaluated using a numerical grading scheme to assess wound healing, sciatic nerve adherence to surrounding tissues, and separability of its tibial and peroneal components. Animals receiving ADCON-T/N demonstrated reduced nerve adherence to surrounding tissues and enhanced separability of the tibial and peroneal components, compared with animals receiving control gel or no gel. Quantitative histological analysis revealed a statistically significant reduction in the amount of dense scar tissue surrounding nerves treated with ADCON-T/N. No evidence of nerve toxicity caused by ADCON-T/N was noted. Counts of regenerating myelinated axons in animals undergoing nerve transection and suture repair did not statistically differ in treated and untreated animals. In conclusion, ADCON-T/N seems to be both safe and effective in reducing extraneural scar formation after peripheral nerve surgery and local trauma.
Real-time people detection and tracking for indoor surveillance using multiple top-view depth cameras (2014)

This paper proposes a real-time indoor surveillance system which installs multiple depth cameras from vertical top-view to track humans. This system leads to a novel framework to solve the traditional challenge of surveillance through tracking of multiple persons, such as severe occlusion, similar appearance, illumination changes, and outline deformation. To cover the entire space of indoor surveillance scene, the image stitching based on the cameras' spatial relation is also utilized. The background subtraction of the stitched top-view image can then be performed to extract the foreground objects in the cluttered environment. The detection scheme including the graph-based segmentation, the head hemiellipsoid model, and the geodesic distance map are cascaded to detect humans. Moreover, the shape feature based on diffusion distance is designed to verify the human tracking hypotheses within particle filter. The experimental results demonstrate the real-time performance and robustness in comparison with several state-of-the-art detection and tracking algorithms.
Insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐3 (IGFBP‐3) in the prostate and in prostate cancer: Local production, distribution and secretion pattern indicate a role in stromal‐epithelial interaction (2008)

We registered a significant local production of IGFBP-3 in the prostate, which may well override the effect of protein entering from blood. The stroma--particularly reactivated stroma--is the main source of IGFBP-3 in the prostate, suggesting that this peptide acts as a mediator of stromal-epithelial interactions.
Deep sequencing uncovers commonality in small RNA profiles between transgene-induced and naturally occurring RNA silencing of chalcone synthase-A gene in petunia (2013)

The features of siRNA production found to be common to cosuppression and naturally occurring silencing of the CHS-A gene indicate mechanistic similarities between these silencing systems especially in the biosynthetic processes of siRNAs including cleavage of CHS-A transcripts and subsequent production of secondary siRNAs in exon 2. The data also suggest that these events occurred at multiple sites, which can be a feature of these silencing phenomena.
Matrin 3-dependent neurotoxicity is modified by nucleic acid binding and nucleocytoplasmic localization (2018)

ABSTRACT Abnormalities in nucleic acid processing are associated with the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Mutations in Matrin 3 ( MATR3 ), a poorly understood DNA- and RNA-binding protein, cause familial ALS/FTD, and MATR3 pathology is a feature of sporadic disease, suggesting that MATR3 dysfunction is integrally linked to ALS pathogenesis. Using a primary neuron model to assess MATR3-mediated toxicity, we noted that neurons were bidirectionally vulnerable to MATR3 levels, with pathogenic MATR3 mutants displaying enhanced toxicity. MATR3’s zinc finger domains partially modulated toxicity, but elimination of its RNA recognition motifs had no effect on neuronal survival, instead facilitating its self-assembly into liquid-like droplets. In contrast to other RNA-binding proteins associated with ALS, cytoplasmic MATR3 redistribution mitigated neurodegeneration, suggesting that nuclear MATR3 mediates toxicity. Our findings offer a foundation for understanding MATR3-related neurodegeneration and how nucleic acid binding functions, localization, and pathogenic mutations drive sporadic and familial disease.
Defect Prediction During Forming and Consolidation of Composite Materials Using Finite Element Analysis (2019)

Forming of composite laminates is an effective manufacturing method that improves repeatability, enables tailoring of material orientations, and reduces time and cost when compared to more labour-intensive alternatives. However, this process is often prone to defects - leading to delays and ultimately scrapping of expensive parts - that are traditionally mitigated through resource intensive trial and error approaches. The risks of the forming process can be mitigated by using process simulation as a tool to develop a robust process window. In order to successfully model the forming of composite materials, the relevant deformation mechanisms and material attributes, shown in Figure 1, need to be considered. This paper presents a finite element simulation framework to predict the occurrence of defects in the forming and consolidation steps of the manufacturing process of fibre reinforced composites. The modelling approach presents a novel discretization strategy for each ply with a superposition of solid and shell elements. This solution uses a coupled pressure-displacement implicit analysis procedure that allows for the simulation of resin flow and is well suited to simulate autoclave consolidation and simple forming cases where through-thickness deformations are important. Simulation results show good agreement with experimental forming trials and other work found in literature in terms of deformation mechanisms and defects observed.
A coarse-grained simulation model for colloidal self-assemblyviaexplicit mobile binders (2023)

Colloidal particles with mobile binding molecules constitute a powerful platform for probing the physics of self-assembly. Binding molecules are free to diffuse and rearrange on the surface, giving rise to spontaneous control over the number of droplet-droplet bonds, <i>i.e.</i>, valence, as a function of the concentration of binders. This type of valence control has been realized experimentally by tuning the interaction strength between DNA-coated emulsion droplets. Optimizing for valence two yields droplet polymer chains, termed 'colloidomers', which have recently been used to probe the physics of folding. To understand the underlying self-assembly mechanisms, here we present a coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) model to study the self-assembly of this class of systems using <i>explicit representations of mobile binding sites</i>. We explore how valence of assembled structures can be tuned through kinetic control in the strong binding limit. More specifically, we optimize experimental control parameters to obtain the highest yield of long linear colloidomer chains. Subsequently tuning the dynamics of binding and unbinding <i>via</i> a temperature-dependent model allows us to observe a heptamer chain collapse into all possible rigid structures, in good agreement with recent folding experiments. Our CGMD platform and dynamic bonding model (implemented as an open-source custom plugin to HOOMD-Blue) reveal the molecular features governing the binding patch size and valence control, and opens the study of pathways in colloidomer folding. This model can therefore guide programmable design in experiments.
Surgical Research II (2010)

In 2009, we began a previous publication by emphasizing the importance of medical and surgical research, which could be called Surgical Research I. In that work, we defined why research is so important in medicine and surgery and agreed that without research we would not see the advances we are encountering today. We summarized at the time by saying that “research has been the driving force introducing new directions for the improvement of medicine and surgery.”In this writing, we extend our commitment to the research sciences, in this case concentrating on the surgical discipline, and searching for the origins of surgical research, which we call Surgical Research II. We highlight the American scene as it pertains to William Beaumont, Samuel Gross, and William Halsted. Other notable surgeon pioneers in the United States are not presented in this work. Great international contributors to the surgical research scene have been portrayed by us in other works, referring to John Hunter and Joseph Lister, and are not considered in this publication.
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from lauan (Shoreassp.) plyboard prepared with kraft lignin, soy flour, gluten meal and tannin: emissions during hot pressing and from panels as a function of time (2018)

Abstract Soy and corn gluten proteins are common ingredients in adhesives and resins together with kraft lignin and condensed tannin. The relative contribution of these additives to volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions in the course of processing hardwood veneer products was evaluated. Press emissions were captured and separated into condensate and gaseous fractions. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed to characterize aldehydes in condensate and gaseous fractions, while GCMS served for identification and quantitative determination of the compounds in the gas phase. Aldehydes dominate the press emissions with both proteinaceous binders producing significantly higher formaldehyde (FA), acetaldehyde (AcA) and hexaldehyde (hexA) emissions compared to pressed veneer without additives. Other aldehydes, including valeraldehyde and propionaldehyde were also captured, but in relatively lower amounts. In contrast, lignin as a binder led to lower FA content in press emissions, whereas tannin significantly reduced contributions of FA, AcA and other aldehydes. VOC emissions from plywood panels during chamber testing were similar to compounds evolved on hot-pressing.
Application of Path Homotopy in Twin Screw Compressor Rotor Profile Design (2021)

Abstract This work explores application of an idea called ‘Path Homotopy’ from Topology in twin screw compressor rotor profile design. It is well known that twin screw rotor profiles impact the overall performance of screw compressors to a great extent. Almost all the well known profiles that are commercially used in twin screw compressors are generated out of analytical curves such as circles, lines and conic sections. Analytical representation has its own advantages in profile design but it limits the search space of all possible shapes that can be incorporated in profiles. This work aims at proposing an approach for rotor profiling that sticks to the analytical nature of curve representation in profiles while simultaneously extending the search space of curves that can be deployed in the design. Path homotopy has been identified as one of such approaches. Profile elements can be defined as homotopies between well known analytical curves (circles, lines and conic sections) and the homotopy parameter can directly influence these curves morphologically in their analytical form itself. In this way, shapes other than those used traditionally in profiling can be explored in search of the better rotor profiles.
Acceleration of Tensile Strength of Incisions Treated with EGF and TGF-β (1988)

The ability of surgeons to accelerate wound healing through pharmacologic intervention is limited. The effects of locally applied, biosynthetic human epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) on tensile strength of experimental incisions were investigated. A single dose of EGF in saline failed to increase tensile strength over controls. Thus, EGF was incorporated into multilamellar liposomes, which prolonged the exposure of incisions to EGF (p less than 0.001). A single dose of EGF in multilamellar liposomes produced a 200% increase in wound tensile strength over controls between 7 and 14 days (p less than 0.05). Light and electron microscopy of the wounds revealed increased collagen formation and fibroblast proliferation. A single dose of TGB-beta in a collagen vehicle stimulated a 51% increase in wound tensile strength at 9 days (p less than 0.01). We conclude that addition of EGF and TGF-beta in appropriate vehicles stimulates early transient increases in wound tensile strength in normal rats.