gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coherent Analog Fiber Optic Links (1989)

We describe the analysis of the performance of coherent fiber optic links used to carry analog information. Optical AM, FM, and PM coherent systems are considered and compared with the direct detection link implementation using AM. We report for the first time results on the analysis of the effects of laser phase noise on AM, PM and FM analog coherent system performance and indicate the potentially highly stringent laser linewidth require-ments for such systems. The theoretical limits of performance and that practically achievable using realisable components is analysed and assessed.
Bioinspired Theranostic Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles for Intranasal Dopamine Replacement in Parkinson’s Disease (2021)

Dopamine (DA) is one of the main neurotransmitters found in the central nervous system and has a vital role in the function of dopaminergic (DArgic) neurons. A progressive loss of this specific subset of cells is one of the hallmarks of age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Symptomatic therapy for PD has been centered in the precursor l-DOPA administration, an amino acid precursor of DA that crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) while DA does not, although this approach presents medium- to long-term side effects. To overcome this limitation, DA-nanoencapsulation therapies are actively being searched as an alternative for DA replacement. However, overcoming the low yield of encapsulation and/or poor biodistribution/bioavailability of DA is still a current challenge. Herein, we report the synthesis of a family of neuromelanin bioinspired polymeric nanoparticles. Our system is based on the encapsulation of DA within nanoparticles through its reversible coordination complexation to iron metal nodes polymerized with a bis-imidazol ligand. Our methodology, in addition to being simple and inexpensive, results in DA loading efficiencies of up to 60%. <i>In vitro</i>, DA nanoscale coordination polymers (DA-NCPs) exhibited lower toxicity, degradation kinetics, and enhanced uptake by BE(2)-M17 DArgic cells compared to free DA. Direct infusion of the particles in the ventricle of rats <i>in vivo</i> showed a rapid distribution within the brain of healthy rats, leading to an increase in striatal DA levels. More importantly, after 4 days of nasal administrations with DA-NCPs equivalent to 200 μg of the free drug per day, the number and duration of apomorphine-induced rotations was significantly lower from that in either vehicle or DA-treated rats performed for comparison purposes. Overall, this study demonstrates the advantages of using nanostructured DA for DA-replacement therapy.
Use of chrysanthemum plantlets grown in vitro to test cultivar susceptibility to white rust, Puccinia horiana P. Hennings (2000)

Abstract An efficient incubation and inoculation system for white rust was established using plantlets of chrysanthemum growing in vitro. The internal conditions of a culture vessel (plant box) were maintained at a humidity of 90‐100% and an optimum temperature of 20‐25°C, which are suitable conditions to germinate teliospores and basidiospores of the pathogen. Telia were maintained continuously on plants in the plant box and were used as an inoculum for infection experiments throughout the year, allowing differences in susceptibility to white rust among chrysanthemum cultivars to be detected. Susceptibility to white rust in the plant‐box evaluation showed a good correlation with the rating of sporulation on plants grown in a greenhouse. The method described here is a simple, space‐saving inoculation system to evaluate the susceptibility of chrysanthemums to white rust.
A RE‐EXAMINATION OF MUSCLE PROTEIN SOLUBILITY (1995)

ABSTRACT Muscle proteins are conveniently characterized by their solubility properties. Sarcoplasmic proteins are defined as those soluble when muscle is extracted with water or solutions of low ionic strength, i.e., physiological or less. Myofibrillar proteins are generally thought to be soluble at elevated ionic strengths (&gt; 0.3). Close examination of the extractability and solubility properties of these two groups of proteins, indicates that their solubility properties are not as different as is generally believed. With both groups of proteins, distinctions must be made between extractability and solubility. Our research results have revealed that the proteins of eight different white muscles are essentially completely soluble in solutions of physiological ionic strength or less and neutral pH. Six of these muscles were from white fleshed fish, and one each was from a fatty fish and chicken breast muscle. There were differences among the muscles of the various species. In mackerel and chicken breast muscle, it appeared that certain proteins had to be removed before the remaining myofibrillar proteins could be solubilized in water.
GPU-based DVB-S2 LDPC decoder with high throughput and fast error floor detection (2011)

A new strategy is proposed for implementing computationally intensive high-throughput decoders based on the long length irregular LDPC codes adopted in the DVB-S2 standard. It is supported on manycore graphics processing unit (GPU) architectures, for performing parallel multi-threaded decoding of multiple codewords with reduced accesses to global memory. This novel approach is flexible and scalable, and achieves throughputs superior to the 90 Mbit/s required by the DVB-S2 standard, while at the same time it improves error-correcting performances such as BER and error floors regarding conventional VLSI-based decoders.
Multiscale Characterization of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Composites by Coupling Raman and Brillouin Spectroscopy (2009)

The present paper reports on an original experimental approach to the characterization of SWNT/polymer composites. This work deals with the multiscale characterization of nanocomposites. Covalently functionalized SWNTs were incorporated in a PMMA matrix using an in situ polymerization procedure. We show that their presence does not affect the radical polymerization process. Combining Brillouin and Raman spectroscopy, we were able to associate the obtained mechanical properties of the material at the macroscopic scale to the state of functionalization of the SWNTs within the polymer matrix.
Topically Delivered Adipose Derived Stem Cells Show an Activated-Fibroblast Phenotype and Enhance Granulation Tissue Formation in Skin Wounds (2013)

Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are found in various tissues and can proliferate extensively in vitro. MSCs have been used in preclinical animal studies and clinical trials in many fields. Adipose derived stem cells (ASCs) have several advantages compared to other MSCs for use in cell-based treatments because they are easy to isolate with relative abundance. However, quantitative approaches for wound repair using ASCs have been limited because of lack of animal models which allow for quantification. Here, we addressed the effect of topically delivered ASCs in wound repair by quantitative analysis using the rabbit ear model. We characterized rabbit ASCs, and analyzed their multipotency in comparison to bone marrow derived-MSCs (BM-MSCs) and dermal fibroblasts (DFs) in vitro. Topically delivered ASCs increased granulation tissue formation in wounds when compared to saline controls, whereas BM-MSCs or DFs did not. These studies suggest that ASCs and BM-MSCs are not identical, though they have similar surface markers. We found that topically delivered ASCs are engrafted and proliferate in the wounds. We showed that transplanted ASCs exhibited activated fibroblast phenotype, increased endothelial cell recruitment, and enhanced macrophage recruitment in vivo.
Spectral estimation of received phase in the presence of amplitude scintillation (1988)

A technique is demonstrated for obtaining the spectral parameters of the received carrier phase in the presence of carrier amplitude scintillation, by means of a digital phased locked loop. Since the random amplitude fluctuations generate time-varying loop characteristics, straightforward processing of the phase detector output does not provide accurate results. The method developed here performs a time-varying inverse filtering operation on the corrupted observables, thus recovering the original phase process and enabling accurate estimation of its underlying parameters.
Erste europäische klinische Erfahrung mit der neuen triangulierenden Single Port Plattform SymphonX – Minimierung des OP Traumas auf einen 15 mm Zugang (2017)

Minimal Invasive Single Port Chirurgie war bisher mit Inzisionen von 2 – 3 cm sowie mit kompliziertem Handling aufgrund fehlender Triangiulation und Arbeiten über Kreuz verbunden.
A novel gene-expression-signature-based model for prediction of response to Tripterysium glycosides tablet for rheumatoid arthritis patients (2018)

This hypothesis-generating study identified MX1, OASL, SPINK1, CRK, GRAPL and RNF2 as novel targets for RA therapeutic intervention, and the PLS model based on the expression levels of these candidate biomarkers may have a potential prognostic value in RA patients treated with TG tablets.
Neue Wasserstände für die Bemessung von Hochwasserschutzwänden und Uferbauwerken im Hamburger Hafen (1998)

Abstract Der Hafen von Hamburg liegt im Tidebereich der Elbe. Der mittlere Tidenhub beträgt ca. 3,50 m. Für die Bemessung von Hochwasserschutzanlagen und Uferbauwerken ist es erforderlich, die Einflüsse der Tiden auf die Bauwerke zu berücksichtigen. Aufgrund höher auflaufender Tidewasserstände wurde es erforderlich, neue Bemessungsvorgaben für die Hafenbauwerke festzulegen. Hierzu wurden an unterschiedlichen Querschnittstypen instationäre Berechnungen der tideabhängigen Grundwasserströmung nach der Methode der Finiten Elemente durchgeführt. Die angesetzten Materialparameter wurden durch Vergleich der berechneten mit den an Bauwerken gemessenen tideabhängigen Grundwasserständen kalibriert. Aus den Rechenergebnissen wurden Bemessungsvorgaben abgeleitet, die Eingang in die neu aufgestellten "Technischen Rahmenbedingungen für die Fördermaßnahme PROJEKT PRIVATER HOCHWASSERSCHUTZ" der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg für Uferbauwerke an Tidegewässern von Bedeutung.
Patterning and tuning of electrical and optical properties of graphene by laser induced two-photon oxidation (2014)

We demonstrate a simple all-optical patterning method for graphene, based on laser induced two-photon oxidation. By tuning the intensity and dose of irradiation, the level of oxidation is controlled, the band gap is introduced and electrical and optical properties are continuously tuned. Complex patterning is performed for air-suspended monolayer graphene and for graphene on substrates. The presented concept allows development of all-graphene electronic and optoelectronic devices with an all-optical method.
Bayesian Analysis of Overdispersed Count Data with Application to Teletraffic Monitoring (1998)

Traffic modelling of modern telecommunication networks is a concern of major importance. Potential applications of efficient traffic models would be numerous including dynamic bandwidth allocation, network dimensioning or statistical multiplexing... As of today however, the characterization of network traffic is still an open and challenging statistical issue. It has first been reported by several authors that traditional traffic models (homogeneous Poisson model) are largely inappropriate for the arrival processes measured on most types of network connections, and especially for wide-area networks such as the internet. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that many teletraffic data sets exhibit nonstandard characteristics such as heavy tailed distribution or long range dependence. Finally, the huge size of the data sets involved imposes severe computational constraints on the analysis methodology.
Dual-polarization reflectarray elements for Ku-band Tx/Rx portable terminal antenna (2010)

In this contribution different dual-linear polarization elements for reflectarrays are proposed with the aim of achieving more than one cycle of 360° of phase delay for both polarisations, with low cross-polarisation levels, enough room for adding control devices and a linear phase response in the two bands, one from 10.70 GHz to 12.75 GHz (Rx) and the other from 14.00 GHz to 14.50 GHz (Tx). The elements are based on two stacked patches aperture-coupled to delay lines, in order to provide a good response in both bands. The simulations results show acceptable performances in phase range, bandwidth and cross polarisation.
FOSS4G DATE FOR DSM GENERATION: SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF THE SEMI-GLOBAL BLOCK MATCHING PARAMETERS (2019)

Abstract. DATE (Digital Automatic Terrain Extractor) is a Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G), which combines photogrammetric and computer vision algorithms in order to automatically generate DSMs from multi-view SAR and optical high resolution satellite imagery, following an iterative and pyramidal workflow in order to refine a coarse DSM used as reference. Consequently, DATE is able to face both the issues of DSM generation and epipolar resampling of satellite imagery. The aim of this work is to evaluate DATE performance, by carrying out a sensitivity analysis based on the dense matching parameters. In particular, DATE implements the Semi-Global Block Matching (SGBM) algorithm, a modified version of Semi-Global Matching method: thus, the sensitivity analysis aims at assessing how SGBM parameters – namely, the difference between maximum and minimum disparity (ndisparities), the minimum disparity value (minimumDisp) and the matched block size (SADWindowSize) – affect the efficiency of the disparity map computation and the final DSM accuracy. The analysis focuses on the case study of Trento and of the Adige Valley, which was chosen due to its geomorphological heterogeneity and complexity, allowing to perform an accuracy evaluation on four tiles, characterized by specific roughness frequencies and morphologies (thus having different effects on disparity variations). Several practical indications on the optimal and critical parameter combinations were retrieved; in addition to this, this work highlighted the most influential parameters both in terms of accuracy (minimumDisp) and computation time (ndisparities), paving the way to further principal component analyses. Finally, the obtained results showed no clear relationship between the area morphology and the solution structure.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW AND FACILE SYNTHESIS OF TRIALKYLKETENIMINES (1978)

Abstract Aus den Cyan‐enaminen (I), die über Chloraldimine aus den Aldehyden zugänglich sind, entstehen mit Methylmagnesiumiodid unter Annahme der Bildung von Anionen (II) und Eliminierung von Methan die Trialkylketenimine (III), die mit den Aminen (IV) weiter zu den Amidinen (V) umgesetzt werden können.
How do we eat meat–the role of structure, mechanics, oral processing, and sensory perception in designing meat analogs (2021)

Abstract This study provides an overview of over 50 publications exploring the consumers’ motives for choosing meat analogs over real meat, how they perceive them, and what can be learned from meat structure, mechanics, oral processing, and dynamic sensory analysis for meat analog design. Meat analogs’ sensory perception is their main lack, while ethics, health, and environmental statements might be used to boost their promotion. Methods for meat structure and mechanics’ analysis are well established and translated (to some degree) to meat analog’s quality analysis. However, limited information is present concerning meat and meat analogs’ oral processing and dynamic perception, which can be seen as a chance for future research and improvement.
Marker-free human motion capture in dynamic cluttered environments from a single view-point (2008)

Human Motion Capture is a widely used technique to obtain motion data for animation of virtual characters. Commercial optical motion capture systems are marker-based. This thesis is about marker-free motion capture. The pose and motion estimation of an observed person is carried out in an optimization framework for articulated objects. The motion function is formulated with kinematic chains consisting of rotations around arbitrary axes in 3D space. This formulation leads to a Nonlinear Least Squares problem, which is solved with gradient-based methods. With the formulation in this thesis the necessary derivatives can be derived analytically. This speeds up processing and increases accuracy. Different gradient based methods are compared to solve the Nonlinear Least Squares problem, which allows the integration of second order motion derivatives as well. The pose estimation requires correspondences between known model of the person and observed data. To obtain this model, a new method is developed, which fits a template model to a specific person from 6 posture images taken by a single camera. Various types of correspondences are integrated in the optimization simultaneously without making approximations to the motion or optimization function, namely 3D-3D correspondences from stereo algorithms and 3D-2D correspondences from image silhouettes and 2D point tracking. Of major importance for the developed methods is the processing time and robustness to cluttered and dynamic background. Experiments show, that complex motion with 24 degrees of freedom is track-able from a single stereo view until body parts get totally occluded. Further methods are developed to estimate pose from a single camera view with cluttered dynamic background. Similar to other work on 2D-3D pose estimation, correspondences between model and image silhouette of the person are established by analyzing the gray value gradient near the predicted model silhouette. To increase the accuracy of silhouette correspondences, color histograms for each body part are combined with image gradient search. The combination of 3D depth data and 2D image data is tested with depth data from a PMD camera (Photonic Mixer Device), which measures the depth to scene points by the time of flight of light
Cover Feature: Unexpected Coexisting Solid Solutions in the Quasi‐Binary Ag(II)F2/Cu(II)F2 Phase Diagram (Chem. Eur. J. 52/2023) (2023)

In the presence of F2 overpressure, at elevated temperature, and despite the similarity of their crystal structures, CuF2 and AgF2 unexpectedly form two distinct solid solutions, (Cu1−xAgx)F2 and (Ag1−xCux)F2. Each phase shows different mutual solubility of Cu2+ and Ag2+ (shown as yellow and violet balls), and their magnetic properties are strongly impacted by this seemingly simple isoelectronic substitution. More information can be found in the Research Article by Z. Mazej, J. Lorenzana, W. Grochala, and co-workers (DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301092). Cover image: Małgorzata Fürst.
Deviation from Equilibrium Thermodynamics of an Asphaltene Model Compound during Compression–Expansion Experiments at Fluid–Fluid Interfaces (2021)

Asphaltenes play a crucial role in crude oil behavior, and model compounds are often used to capture, mimic, and predict certain interfacial properties. In previous works, sorption of an asphaltene model compound (C5PeC11) was studied using surface pressure isotherms, where a deviation from the expected thermodynamic behavior of the interface during decane-water and air-water compression experiments was observed but not explained. In this work, the interfacial behavior of C5PeC11 was assessed at the decane-water and the air-water interfaces using a multiscale approach that includes: compression-expansion experiments on rectangular and radial Langmuir troughs, dynamic interfacial stress relaxation, and fluorescence microscopy imaging. Connections between molecular and microscopic phenomena strongly suggest that the nonthermodynamic response can be explained through a dynamic effect whose origin lies in the predominance of intermolecular forces in C5PeC11 molecules over the mechanical compression force applied. When aggregation begins at the air-water interface, stable structures are formed, and the nonthermodynamic phenomenon is not observed in subsequent compressions. However, at the decane-water interface, the initial aggregation is not consolidated due to the effect of the oil phase on the free energy of the interface allowing the high reproducibility of the dynamic effect in subsequent compression cycles. These results highlight the need to probe interfacial systems at various length scales to adequately separate equilibrium thermodynamics from dynamic responses.
Palladium-Catalyzed C–N/C–C Coupling Route to Substituted Indoles (2012)

Key words indoles - azaindoles - Heck coupling - Buchwald–Hartwig cross-coupling - palladium catalysis
Comparison of load-fatigue performance of posterior ceramic onlay restorations under different preparation designs. (2012)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the load-fatigue performance of posterior ceramic onlay restorations relative to two variables: preparation design (with or without buccal veneers); and the existing amount of tooth structure (non-worn tooth, worn tooth).Sixty extracted third molars were divided into five groups. One group received a mesial-occlusal-distal (MOD) gold onlay restoration (control). The other four experimental groups were prepared for ceramic onlay restorations. Two of the groups additionally received 2-mm occlusal reduction to simulate occlusal wear. All restored teeth were subjected to thermocycling prior to fatigue testing. A fatigue load of 150 N was applied on the occlusal surface at a frequency of 1.2 hz, at an angle of 135 degrees to the long axis of the tooth. Specimen failure was defined as the occurrence of crack propagation in the luting cement layer. This was monitored by the strain gauge on the specimen.All specimens restored on worn tooth had significantly lower fatigue failure cycle counts than those of non-worn tooth. The fracture mode analysis revealed that ceramic fracture tended to be demonstrated only in the group of worn tooth groups.The addition of a buccal veneer component had no significant effect on the load-fatigue performance of posterior ceramic onlay restorations, but the existing amount of tooth structure did have a significant effect on the load-fatigue performance of posterior ceramic onlay restorations. Catastrophic failures (ceramic fracture) occurred only in the group of worn tooth.
Chaperone salts, polyethylene glycol and rates of equilibration in vapor-diffusion crystallization (1995)

The kinetics of water-vapor equilibration in macromolecular crystallization were investigated for sitting droplets of aqueous polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000 as a function of concentration. Equilibrations, set up with initial concentrations of PEG in the droplet at half those in the reservoir, were very slow for concentrations of relevance to the macromolecular crystal growth problem. At 301 K, 24 micro l droplets at initial concentrations of 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5%(w/v) PEG require 12, 5, and 3 weeks to reach equilibrium, respectively. On the other hand, the addition of modest quantities of sodium chloride to both droplet and reservoir increases the rate of equilibration for aqueous PEG sitting droplets significantly. At 293 K, droplets with initial volumes of 24 micro l and PEG concentrations of 5%(w/v) require 12 weeks to reach equilibrium, while droplets of the same volume and initial concentrations of 5%(w/v) PEG and 200 mM NaCI require less than two weeks to reach equilibrium. The slow vapor-diffusion equilibrations of pure PEG solutions, and the subsequent increase in these rates with colligative agents such as salt, are a consequence of the non-ideality of aqueous PEG solutions. These results are of interest both from a practical and a theoretical viewpoint. They underscore the importance of kinetic factors in macromolecular crystal growth, help to explain apparent inconsistencies of outcome in PEG-mediated crystallizations, and yield another methodology for the optimization of crystal growth conditions, namely the control of the kinetics of equilibration using colligative agents.