gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oxidation phenomena in water treeing. Final report (1993)

An investigation of oxidation of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation determined that it is only one parameter influencing water treeing and not necessarily the controlling or major one. Oxygen presence during water treeing influences water tree propagation more than water tree initiation. Very high levels of oxidation, to the extent that dielectric losses increase, were found to retard water tree growth. 1. The investigative team sought oxidation in many service-aged cables via diagnostic techniques including FTIR; oxidation in the water tree stem and branches, and outside the water trees of adjacent insulation, was studied. 2. XLPE insulation was intentionally oxidized via thermal treatment, and water tree growth under controlled degrees of oxidation was studied. 3. Water trees were grown in an inert (nitrogen) environment to determine the influence of oxygen on water tree initiation and propagation. Field-aged cables studied do not reveal any excess degree of oxidation inside water trees relative to nontreed regions (carbonyl, carboxylate) via the diagnostics employed. Oxygen presence does not influence water tree initiation; however, water tree propagation was enhanced by the presence of oxygen (versus nitrogen) and ionic impurities; tree length was reduced in the presence of nitrogen. Preoxidation of XLPE insulation does not enhance watermore » tree growth (initiation/propagation). Very high levels of preoxidation, induced thermally, lead to fewer and shorter water trees; very heavy preoxidation treatment (higher than seen in service) causes an increase in dielectric losses and reduces tree growth.« less
Recent Progress in Space Radiation Environment Models (2005)

This viewgraph presentation presents models for: 1) Solar particle events; 2) Galactic cosmic rays (GCR); 3) Trapped particles; 4) Displacement damage of solar cells.
Diagnosis and Management of Dementia: Review (2019)

Alzheimer disease currently affects 5.8 million persons in the United States and is a common cause of dementia, which is usually accompanied by other neuropathology, often cerebrovascular disease such as brain infarcts. Causes of dementia can be diagnosed by medical history, cognitive and physical examination, laboratory testing, and brain imaging. Management should include both nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic approaches, although efficacy of available treatments remains limited.
The incidence of adhesions after prior laparotomy: A laparoscopic appraisal (1995)

Intra-abdominal adhesions between the abdominal scar and underlying viscera are a common consequence of laparotomy. Patients undergoing laparoscopy after a previous laparotomy should be considered at risk for the presence of adhesions between the old scar and the bowel and omentum.
Initial stage deposition of Ag on the Si(100)2×1 surface studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (1990)

The initial stage deposition of Ag on the Si(100)2×1 surface at room temperature has been studied by scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy. A thermal evaporation source made of a high-purity Ag coiled around a 10 mil tungsten wire was used. The three types of Ag clusters were observed: (1) Single Ag atom adsorbs on the hollow site between two dimers in the adjacent dimer rows, which is in agreement with the result derived by Hanbucken and Neddermeyer, Surf. Sci. 114, 563 (1982). (2) The Ag atoms form linear chains perpendicular to the dimer rows. (3) Two-dimensional islands of Ag atoms are formed. The absorption site is same as the single Ag adsorption; the local p(2×2) structure was observed for the two-dimensional islands. The STS on one-dimensional and two-dimensional islands showed nonmetallic I-V characteristics, which is consistent with the long distance (7.7 A) between each Ag atom. The stability of two-dimensional islands will be discussed.
Erratum to: Large-Scale Examination of Factors Influencing Phosphopeptide Neutral Loss During Collision Induced Dissociation (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAdditions & Corr...Additions & CorrectionsORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionErratum to: Large-Scale Examination of Factors Influencing Phosphopeptide Neutral Loss During Collision Induced DissociationRobert BrownRobert BrownDepartment of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, 80309, Boulder, CO, USAMore by Robert Brown, Scott A. StuartScott A. StuartDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, 80309, Boulder, CO, USAMore by Scott A. Stuart, Stephane HouelStephane HouelDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, 80309, Boulder, CO, USAWaters Corporation, 01757, Milford, MA, USAMore by Stephane Houel, Natalie G. AhnNatalie G. AhnDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, 80309, Boulder, CO, USAHoward Hughes Medical Institute, University of Colorado, 80309, Boulder, CO, USAMore by Natalie G. Ahn, and William M. OldWilliam M. OldDepartment of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, 80309, Boulder, CO, USAMore by William M. OldCite this: J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2015, 26, 10, 1796Publication Date (Web):July 14, 2015Publication History Published online14 July 2015Published inissue 1 October 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1007/s13361-015-1222-yhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s13361-015-1222-ycorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 © American Society for Mass Spectrometry 2015. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (89 KB) Get e-Alerts
Determination of the Solution Structures of Conantokin-G and Conantokin-T by CD and NMR Spectroscopy (1997)

Conantokin-G and conantokin-T are two paralytic polypeptide toxins originally isolated from the venom of the fish-hunting cone snails of the genus Conus. Conantokin-G and conantokin-T are the only naturally occurring peptidic compounds which possess N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist activity, produced by a selective non-competitive antagonism of polyamine responses. They are also structurally unusual in that they contain a disproportionately large number of acid labile post-translational gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) residues. Although no precise structural information has previously been published for these peptides, early spectroscopic measurements have indicated that both conantokin-G and conantokin-T form alpha-helical structures, although there is some debate whether the presence of calcium ions is required for these peptides to adopt this fold. We now report a detailed structural study of synthetic conantokin-G and conantokin-T in a range of solution conditions using CD and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The three-dimensional structures of conantokin-T and conantokin-G were calculated from 1H NMR-derived distance and dihedral restraints. Both conantokins were found to contain a mixture of alpha- and 310 helix, that give rise to curved and straight helical conformers. Conantokin-G requires the presence of divalent cations (Zn2+, Ca2+, Cu2+, or Mg2+) to form a stable alpha-helix, while conantokin-T adopts a stable alpha-helical structure in aqueous conditions, in the presence or absence of divalent cations (Zn2+, Ca2+, Cu2+, or Mg2+).
Analysis, representation, and structural and behavioural abstraction for the reverse engineering of user interfaces (1994)

ABSTRACT: Expressing structure and behaviour -- The abstract user interface description language (auidl) -- A model of user interface reverse engineering -- Experimental context -- Approximating program properties via flow analysis -- User interface specifications abstraction.
Adsorption of Liquids and Swelling of Wood IV. Temperature Dependence on the Adsorption (1999)

Summary For the purpose of understanding the swelling phenomenon of wood in liquids, the contributions of enthalpic and entropic terms to the standard free energy change of adsorption have been determined by measuring the temperature dependence of adsorption isotherms. The values of standard enthalpy change of adsorption are smaller for alcohols having both proton-accepting and -donating properties than for acetone having only a proton-accepting property. The results are discussed in terms of the proton-accepting power and the cohesive energy of the respective adsorbate liquids. Methanol showed a larger isosteric heat of adsorption to dried wood than to pre-swollen wood, and the amounts of methanol and acetone adsorbed on dried wood exceeded those on swollen wood within the low activity range. These results indicate the presence of more exothermic sites in dried wood than in pre-swollen wood, and of pre-existing spaces and/or parts loosely hydrogen-bonded between wood constituents in the cell walls of dried wood.
Chronic Noise Exposure Acts Cumulatively to Exacerbate Alzheimer’s Disease-Like Amyloid-β Pathology and Neuroinflammation in the Rat Hippocampus (2015)

A putative etiological association exists between noise exposure and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology is thought to be one of the primary initiating factors in AD. It has been further suggested that subsequent dysregulation of Aβ may play a mechanistic role in the AD-like pathophysiology associated with noise exposure. Here, we used ELISA, immunoblotting, cytokine arrays, and RT-PCR, to examine both hippocampal Aβ pathology and neuroinflammation in rats at different time points after noise exposure. We found that chronic noise exposure significantly accelerated the progressive overproduction of Aβ, which persisted for 7 to 14 days after the cessation of exposure. This effect was accompanied by up-regulated expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its cleavage enzymes, β- and γ-secretases. Cytokine analysis revealed that chronic noise exposure increased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and the receptor for advanced glycation end products, while decreasing the expression of activin A and platelet-derived growth factor-AA. Furthermore, we found persistent elevations of glial fibrillary acidic protein and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 expression that closely corresponded to the noise-induced increases in Aβ and neuroinflammation. These studies suggest that lifelong environmental noise exposure may have cumulative effects on the onset and development of AD.
Synthesis and transition metal complexation of an enantiomerically pure tris(pyrazolyl)hydroborate ligand (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and transition metal complexation of an enantiomerically pure tris(pyrazolyl)hydroborate ligandDaniel D. LeCloux and William B. TolmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 3, 1153–1154Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00056a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00056a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views513Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (3)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: N,N,N′,N′‐TETRABUTYL‐3,6‐DIOXAOCTANEDITHIOAMIDE, AN IONOPHORE WITH SELECTIVITY FOR CADMIUM(2+) (1980)

Abstract An Membranen bestehend aus 1 Gew.‐% Ligand (IIIa), (IIIb) bzw. (IV), 65 Gew.‐% Buttersäure‐(10‐hydroxy‐decyl)‐ester als Membranlösungsmittel sowie 34 Gew.‐% Polyvinylchlorid wurde die Ionenselektivität der Liganden für Alkali‐ und Erdalkalimetallionen potentiometrisch ermittelt.
Quantitative Impact of Including Consumers in the Scientific Review of Breast Cancer Research Proposals (2002)

Our results support continued participation of consumers in our peer review process. The DOD program can serve as a model for other research programs considering consumer involvement.
Space-time precoding with imperfect feedback (2002)

This paper provides an information-theoretic perspective on the use of transmit antenna arrays when the transmitter has imperfect channel feedback. The gains obtained are found to be substantial, in contrast with the meagre gains due to feedback reported in previous work on single antenna systems.
Functional genomics of soybean nodulation control: Plant stem cell biology biotechnology (2009)

Impaired gastrointestinal function outside the esophagus has been found in achalasic patients. Moreover, achalasia may occur in diseases in which a systemic dysautonomia is evident. These findings raise the question of whether a generalized subclinical alteration of autonomic control is also present in primary achalasia. Cardiovascular reflex tests and power spectral analysis of heart rate variability were studied in patients with primary achalasia to establish whether autonomic nervous system changes are present in districts other than the gastrointestinal tract. Nineteen normotensive patients with untreated primary achalasia and with no history of cardiac, renal, or endocrinological diseases were examined. Cardiovascular reflex tests included: the tilt test (10 min at 65 degrees), Valsalva maneuver (40 mm Hg for 15 sec), deep breathing (6 breaths/min), and sustained handgrip (30% of maximal effort for 5 min). The parameters evaluated were systolic and diastolic blood pressure (continuously recorded), ECG, oronasal and thoracic respiration, tachogram, and plethysmogram. To evaluate the balance between parasympathetic and sympathetic functions, power spectral analysis of the heart rate variability was carried out. Each patient was paired with two sex- and age-matched healthy controls. In achalasic patients the head-up tilt test, Valsalva maneuver, deep breathing test, and sustained handgrip did not show significant differences from the control group. Low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) spectral powers and the ratio of LF to HF did not differ in both groups. This study failed to disclose impaired cardiovascular autonomic control in achalasic patients. We suggest that in primary achalasia the defect is limited to the gastrointestinal tract.
Editorial: Integration of Multi-Omics Techniques in Cancer (2021)

EDITORIAL article Front. Genet., 09 August 2021Sec. Epigenomics and Epigenetics https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.733965
Impact of Reaction Conditions on the Structures of Nickel(II) Complexes Based on 3‐(4‐Carboxyphenyl)propionic Acid (2012)

Abstract Two new nickel(II) complexes, [Ni(4, 4′‐bpy)(H 2 O) 4 ] n · n (cpp) · 0.5 n H 2 O ( 1 ) and [Ni(cpp)(4, 4′‐bpy)(H 2 O) 2 ] n ( 2 ) [4, 4′‐bpy = 4, 4′‐bipyridine, H 2 cpp = 3‐(4‐carboxyphenyl)propionic acid] were synthesized and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. In complex 1 , Ni II ions are bridged by 4, 4′‐bpy into 1D chains, and cpp ligands are not involved in the coordination, whereas in complex 2 , cpp ligands adopt a bis(monodentate) mode and link Ni II ions into 2D (4, 4) grids with the help of 4, 4′‐bpy ligands. Triple interpenetration occurs, which results in the formation of a complicated 3D network. The difference in the structures of the two complexes can be attributed to the different reaction temperatures and bases.
Water-Based Thixotropic Polymer Gel Electrolyte for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (2013)

For the practical application of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), it is important to replace the conventional organic solvents based electrolyte with environmentally friendly and stable ones, due to the toxicity and leakage problems. Here we report a noble water-based thixotropic polymer gel electrolyte containing xanthan gum, which satisfies both the environmentally friendliness and stability against leakage and water intrusion. For application in DSSCs, it was possible to infiltrate the prepared electrolyte into the mesoporous TiO2 electrode at the fluidic state, resulting in sufficient penetration. As a result, this electrolyte exhibited similar conversion efficiency (4.78% at 100 mW cm(-2)) and an enhanced long-term stability compared to a water-based liquid electrolyte. The effects of water on the photovoltaic properties were examined elaborately from the cyclic voltammetry curves and impedance spectra. Despite the positive shift in the conduction band potential of the TiO2 electrode, the open-circuit voltage was enhanced by addition of water in the electrolyte due to the greater positive shift in the I(-)/I3(-) redox potential. However, due to the dye desorption and decreased diffusion coefficient caused by the water content, the short-circuit photocurrent density was reduced. These results will provide great insight into the development of efficient and stable water-based electrolytes.
Pulmonary agenesis, microphthalmia, and diaphragmatic defect (PMD): New syndrome or association? (1999)

We present the prenatal diagnosis of a 22-week-gestation fetus with unilateral pulmonary agenesis, diaphragmatic hernia, microphthalmia, pulmonary vessel agenesis, and intrauterine growth retardation. The “association” of pulmonary agenesis, diaphragmatic defect, and microphthalmia was described previously in two patients but the resemblance was not noted by the authors. While each case differs slightly in some of the associated anomalies, it is evident that the mainstay of diagnosis is similar to the case presented here and that this represents a new syndrome or association. Am. J. Med. Genet. 86:6–8, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Uncompetitive Antagonism of AMPA Receptors:  Mechanistic Insights from Studies of Polyamine Toxin Derivatives (2006)

Philanthotoxins are uncompetitive antagonists of Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors presumed to bind to the pore-forming region, but a detailed molecular mechanism for this interaction is missing. Here a small library of novel philanthotoxins was designed and synthesized using a solid-phase strategy. The biological activities were investigated at cloned and "native" AMPA receptors using electrophysiological techniques. A distinct relationship between length of the polyamine moiety and the location of a secondary amino group was observed. Fitting the data to the Woodhull equation allowed the first experimental demonstration of the relative location and orientation of the philanthotoxin molecule in the receptor. These results were corroborated by in silico studies using a homology model of the AMPA receptor ion channel. Together these studies provide strong evidence for a molecular mechanism by which polyamine toxins antagonize the AMPA receptor ion channel and provide the basis for rational development of uncompetitive antagonists of AMPA receptors.
Logic design based on negative differential resistance characteristics of quantum electronic devices (1993)

New quantum electronic devices such as resonant tunnelling diodes and transistors have negative differential resistance characteristics that can be exploited to design novel high-speed circuits. The high intrinsic switching speed of these devices, combined with the novel circuit structures used to implement standard logic functions, leads to ultrafast computing circuits. The new circuit structures presented here provide extremely compact implementations of functions such as carry generation and addition. The most significant impact of these circuits on the field of logic design is the introduction of a totally new set of relative costs of various basic gates; reevaluation of the logic in the light of these new cost functions leads to ultrafast and compact designs.
ChemInform Abstract: Easily Removable Olefin Metathesis Catalysts. (2013)

Abstract The products of the presented reaction are purified from Ru‐residues using filtration through a small amount of silica gel or its extraction with water.
A simple cross-layer approach to reduce duplicate acknowledgements for TCP over WLAN (2008)

TCP was designed to perform on wired networks, where packet loss is mostly caused by congestion, as compared to wireless networks, where losses due to error in channel are more likely. Hence TCP respond to all kind of losses by invoking congestion control and avoidance schemes resulting in performance degradation. Several solutions for the improvement of TCP over wireless link have been proposed which are divided into four broad categories, namely, transport layer, link layer, cross layer and split connection schemes. Wireless link layer protocol 802.11 is required to receive acknowledgment of every frame it sends, which is too conservative. This paper presents an improved delayed-ACK for wireless LANs (IDAWL), a new cross layer approach which reduces acknowledgments at link layer which a sender get, hence it eliminates the duplication of acknowledgement at link layer and transport layer. It is variation of DAWL in which ACK number of the TCP-ACK is sent at a MAC level and TCP ACK is discarded. This cross-layer approach leads to the local generation of the TCP acknowledgment of the downstream TCP data at the access point (AP). The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated over NS-2 by comparing it with IEEE 802.11 and DAWL. The results show a significant improvement in TCP goodput.
Decomposition Theorems Applied To Random and Stationary Radar Targets - Abstract (1998)

Abstract The scattering matrix fully characterizes the polarimetric behavior of a stationary radar target. Other matrices like the Kennaugh or target coherency matrix are used to describe time-dependent radar targets. They involve the time-averaged co- and cross-products of the elements of the time-dependent scattering matrix. In order to interpret these matrices, three different target decomposition theorems, the Huynen, the Cloude, and the Holm and Barnes target decomposition theorem, are experimentally investigated. After giving an overview of these decompositions, this paper deals with simple targets as illustrations. A random target is artificially built from the noise signal of the radar and the chimney of a power plant is selected as stationary target. The elements of the time-dependent scattering matrix of a random target have a phase uniformly distributed between ±π. The random and stationary targets are limiting statistical cases for time-dependent targets. The results of the three decompositions are discussed and compared.