gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase. Effect of glycerol on its hydrodynamic properties (1991)

Although reverse transcriptase has been the subject of intensive investigation, minimal information is available regarding the physical properties of the enzyme. The basic hydrodynamic properties of avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase in solution were measured by both sedimentation velocity and equilibrium measurements in two buffer systems. In a 0.3 M potassium phosphate buffer system, pH 7.8, the enzyme sedimented as a homogenous particle with a sedimentation coefficient of (7.1 +/- 0.3) S with a weight-average molecular weight, Mw, of (1.52 +/- 0.05) x 10(5). Since the enzyme consists of an alpha and beta subunit of equal molar ratio with Mw of 6.3 x 10(4) and 9.4 x 10(4), respectively, it was concluded that the enzyme exists as an alpha beta heterodimer in this buffer system. In a Tris buffer system, pH 7.9, containing 0.46 M NaCl and 4% glycerol, the native enzyme also sedimented as a homogeneous particle with an apparent sedimentation coefficient of (10.1 +/- 0.5) S, without considering the effect of glycerol on solvent-protein interaction. Based on the results of Gekko and Timasheff (Gekko, K., and Timasheff, S. N. (1981) Biochemistry 20, 4667-4676) and the polarity of the enzyme, it was estimated that there is significant solvent-protein interaction even at 4% glycerol leading to a value of -0.06 g/g in the preferential solvent interaction parameter. When the solvent effect was taken into consideration, the value for s020,w increased from 10.1 to 11.9 S, implying that the native enzyme dimerizes in the presence of 4% glycerol. The combined results of gel filtration and sedimentation velocity showed that the dimerization of the enzyme to form (alpha beta)2 is favored at 20 degrees C with the alpha beta form predominating at 4 degrees C. The secondary structure of the reverse transcriptase was measured by circular dichroism. Results showed that the enzyme consists of (16 +/- 2)% alpha-helix, (24 +/- 2)% beta-sheet, (24 +/- 2)% beta-turn, and (36 +/- 4)% undefined structures.
Numerical Simulation of Diffusion of Second Messengers cGMP and Ca2+ in Rod Photoreceptor Outer Segment of Vertebrates (2003)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation H. Khanal, V. Alexiades, E. DiBenedetto, H. Hamm; Numerical Simulation of Diffusion of Second Messengers cGMP and Ca2+ in Rod Photoreceptor Outer Segment of Vertebrates. AIP Conf. Proc. 28 May 2003; 665 (1): 165–172. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1584888 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Midshaft Clavicular Fractures: The Role of Operative Treatment (2005)

Plate fixation remains a staple for open fractures, closed fractures requiring open management, and nonunions, especially if bone grafting is required.
Evaluating Horizontal Well Placement and Hydraulic Fracture Spacing/Conductivity in the Bakken Formation, North Dakota (2009)

Abstract The success of horizontal well completions in the Bakken formation has increasingly attracted much interest within the oil and gas industry. Improved stimulation techniques including the use of new fluids and proppants, better zonal coverage through improved diversion and staging, and/or re-fracture treatments contributed to this success. This paper presents the results of a fracture modeling and multi-well simulation study to evaluate down-spacing potential for horizontal wells. This study also examines how the number of stages along the lateral, proppant type, treatment volume, fracture conductivity, and effective oil permeability affect production profiles and oil recovery in the middle Bakken formation, North Dakota. In this work, a lumped 3D fracture growth model was calibrated with direct fracture mapping observations that showed significant upward height growth into the Lodgepole formation. The horizontal well orientation is selected to promote transverse fractures. This paper provides details about the fracture treatment designs and subsequent integration of the fracture geometry and conductivity descriptions into the reservoir model. Various fracture treatment designs are evaluated, with the goal of optimizing fracture conductivity and minimizing upward height growth (which can be a problem in the middle Bakken). The results of this study showed a significant infill drilling potential because of the low estimated effective oil permeability (0.002-0.04 mD). Reducing the horizontal well spacing from one to two or three wells per 640 acres should significantly increase oil recovery. The optimum number of fracture treatment stages along the horizontal lateral depends largely on reservoir permeability, lateral length, and number of wells per section.
Thermomechanical Derivation of Noncoaxial Plastic Constitutive Equations Considering Spins of Objective Stress Rates. (1997)

Elasto-plastic constitutive equations which take into account yield-vertex effects are important in the study of localization instabilities of plastic deformations. However, they have never been discussed thermomechanically. In this paper, a method of deriving the above equations is proposed which is based on the second law of thermodynamics and the principle of maximal entropy production rate. Elastic strain as a strain measure which is conjugate to the objective stress rate is separated from total strain so that the Clausius-Duhem inequality, in which the Gibbs function is introduced as an elastic potential, can be always satisfied. The strain rate and stress rate are expressed by the same objective rate in the rate form of the elastic constitutive equation obtained. The plastic constitutive equation is derived using the principle of maximal dissipation rate. Since this equation is regarded as a flow rule in which the complementary dissipation function assumes the role of a plastic potential, it is indicated that the yield-vertex can exist on the dissipation surface. Furthermore, the spin which should be used in the objective stress rate is selected by taking into account not only usual requirements but also thermomechanical ones.
Lamellar cells in Pacinian and Meissner corpuscles are touch sensors (2020)

Abstract The skin covering the human palm and other specialized tactile organs contains a high density of mechanosensory corpuscles tuned to detect transient pressure and vibration. These corpuscles comprise a sensory afferent neuron surrounded by lamellar cells 1-3 . The neuronal afferent is thought to be the mechanical sensor within the corpuscle, whereas the function of lamellar cells is unknown 2,4,5 . Here we show that lamellar cells within Meissner and Pacinian corpuscles detect tactile stimuli. We develop a preparation of bill skin from tactile-specialist ducks that permits electrophysiological recordings from lamellar cells and demonstrate that they contain mechanically-gated ion channels. We also show that lamellar cells from Meissner corpuscles generate mechanically-evoked action potentials using R-type voltage-gated calcium channels. These findings provide the first evidence for R-type channel-dependent action potentials in non-neuronal cells and demonstrate that lamellar cells are active detectors of touch. We propose that Meissner and Pacinian corpuscles use both neuronal and non-neuronal mechanoreception to detect mechanical signals.
Reducing the Computational Complexity and Improve Performance of Enhanced K-best SDA Using Spatial Modulation MIMO System (2019)

Spatial Modulation(SM) is a technique that offers reliability and energy efficiency for MIMO systems. The main two challenges SM is designed an algorithm reducing the computational complexity and detect the error at the receiving side to give the accurate result. The simulation result indicates that the Maximum Likelihood Detection algorithm gives the most optimal solution, but complexity increases with increase in the antenna index. In this paper Enhanced k-best sphere decoding algorithm by layer-ordering with constant complexity in the breadth-first strategy algorithm is proposed, Using 64 QAM modulation with eight nodes per layer, The Enhanced k-best SDA with constant extension nodes is obtained by simulation. When the number of extended nodes per node is greater than or equal to 2 system gives low latency.
Generalized &#x03C0; Fortescue equivalent admittance (2014)

Summary form only given: This paper develops a generalized admittance matrix approach in Fortescue coordinate system to solve unbalanced/unsymmetrical distribution networks including different number of phases. This generalized Fortescue π equivalent is defined in this paper for solving the heterogeneous phase, and thus Fortescue, network model. The performance of the approach is demonstrated in different model networks with number of nodes ranging between 168 and 14200. It is found that the current iteration method exploiting the decoupling in admittance matrix in Fortescue coordinate is substantially faster than the typical unbalanced three-phase solution in phase domain. The method has a significant potential for application in real time active power network management.
CBFA2(AML1) Translocations With Novel Partner Chromosomes in Myeloid Leukemias: Association With Prior Therapy (1998)

CBFA2(AML1) has emerged as a gene critical in hematopoiesis; its protein product forms the DNA-binding subunit of the heterodimeric core-binding factor (CBF) that binds to the transcriptional regulatory regions of genes, some of which are active specifically in hematopoiesis. CBFA2 forms a fusion gene with ETO andMDS1/EVI1 in translocations in myeloid leukemia and withETV6(TEL) in the t(12;21) common in childhood pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We have analyzed samples from 30 leukemia patients who had chromosome rearrangements involving 21q22 by using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Our analysis showed that 7 of them involved CBFA2 and new translocation partners. Two patients had a t(17;21)(q11.2;q22), whereas the other 5 had translocations involving 1p36, 5q13, 12q24, 14q22, or 15q22. Five of these novel breakpoints in CBFA2 occurred in intron 6; this same intron is involved in the t(3;21). One breakpoint mapped to the t(8;21) breakpoint region in intron 5, and 1 mapped 5′ to that region. All 7 CBFA2 rearrangements resulted from balanced translocations. All 7 patients had myeloid disorders (acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome); 2 were de novo and 5 had treatment histories that included topoisomerase II targeting agents. The association of therapy-related disorders with translocations involving CBFA2 was significant by Fisher’s exact test (P &lt; .003). These results provide further evidence that this region of CBFA2 is susceptible to breakage in cells exposed to topoisomerase II inhibitors. © 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
Increase in milk secretion and mammary blood flow by intra-arterial infusion of insulin-like growth factor-I into the mammary gland of the goat (1990)

The close-arterial infusion of free insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I; 1.1 nmol/min) for 6 h into the pudic artery supplying one mammary gland of lactating goats caused a 25 +/- 6% (mean +/- S.E.M., n = 6) increase in the rate of milk secretion of that gland. The increase in the rate of milk secretion in the adjacent noninfused gland (14 +/- 4%) was not significantly different from that observed during saline infusion (4 +/- 5%). Blood flow to the infused gland was increased from 378 +/- 26 ml/min 1 h before to 487 +/- 56 ml/min approximately 5 h after the start of the infusion of IGF-I, declining to 420 +/- 44 ml/min approximately 2 h after the end of the infusion. The total concentration of IGF-I (free and bound) in milk of the infused gland was significantly higher than that of the non-infused gland. The concentrations of IGF-I in carotid arterial plasma samples increased during IGF-I infusion from a mean value of 32 +/- 2 nmol/l before to a maximum of 49 +/- 3 nmol/l 5 h after the infusion commenced. Circulating concentrations of total IGF-I declined slowly after the infusion with an estimated half-life of 5 h. Infusion of saline alone did not alter mammary blood flow or the concentration of total IGF-I in milk or plasma. The results indicate that the infusion of free IGF-I into the mammary arterial supply enhances milk secretion and mammary blood flow in intact, conscious goats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Diastereotopic nonequivalence in organotin compounds: Preliminary communication (1969)

SCOPUS: ar.j
Tertiary structure in deletion analogs of human .beta.-endorphin: resistance to leucine aminopeptidase action (1985)

The presence of tertiary structure in aqueous solutions of the amino-terminal nine- and seventeen-residue analogues of human beta-endorphin has been further demonstrated by leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) cleavage of the amino-terminal tyrosine. The reactions were followed by difference absorption spectroscopy. While the amino-terminal pentapeptide showed no resistance to LAP action, the nonapeptide displayed definite resistance. The heptadecapeptide analogue was found to be completely refractory to LAP action under the conditions employed. Thermolysin cleavage of the Phe4-Met5 bond in the longer analogues destroys the tertiary structure, not only removing the previously reported red shift in tyrosine absorption but also resulting in complete normalization to LAP digestion.
Volatile Borates of Polyhydric Alcohols and the Activation of Boric Acid. (1943)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVolatile Borates of Polyhydric Alcohols and the Activation of Boric Acid.Ralph Elliott Rippere and Victor K. La MerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1943, 47, 3, 204–234Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1943Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1943https://doi.org/10.1021/j150426a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views208Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts
Visual Analytics and Storytelling through Video (2005)

This paper supplements a video clip submitted to the Video Track of IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization 2005. The original video submission applies a two-way storytelling approach to demonstrate the visual analytics capabilities of a new visualization technique. The paper presents our video production philosophy, describes the plot of the video, explains the rationale behind the plot, and finally, shares our production experiences with our readers.
High-precision delay testing of Virtex-4 FPGA designs (2007)

We present a new method of performing high-resolution path delay testing on designs targeted to Xilinx Virtex-4 field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). Our built-in self-test architecture uses an on-chip delay line to set the launch time of test pattern generators to their optimum point for stressing paths in the chip. Consequently, it catches delay defects as small as 78 ps and tests multiple paths in parallel. Our approach was validated on Virtex-4 devices and the same method can be applied to other FPGAs that contain delay lines.
Synergy of Resistance Reduction Effects for a Ship With Bottom Air Cavity (2011)

Friction on a surface covered by an air cavity is much less than friction in water but there is a resistance penalty caused by the cavity tail oscillations. Nevertheless, there is a method for designing the ship bottom form for suppressing these oscillations. This study describes the design method and calm water towing tank tests for a ship with a bottom ventilated air cavity operating at Froude range 0.45&lt;Fr&lt;0.65, where both Fr and cavitation number influence the cavity shape. At this Fr range, wave resistance significantly contributes to the total ship resistance. Model experiments were conducted in the NSWCCD linear tow tank at three diverse drafts. The attained resistance reduction ratio was up to 25%, which is significantly greater than the calculated water friction resistance of the unwetted area of the air cavity. This is a result of the increased ship elevation over the water level due to cavity buoyancy. This contributes to the resistance reduction by decreasing the side wetted surface area and by reducing the submerged volume; thus, there is a synergy of resistance reduction effects. The power spent on air supply is under 2% of the propulsion power.
ChemInform Abstract: SUBSTITUTED DIAZACYCLOPENTADIENONE ANION RADICALS (1980)

Abstract Mit salpetriger Säure erhält man aus den ungesättigten Oximen (I) die 3,4‐Diaza‐cyclopentadienon‐dioxide (II), die mit Dithionit zu (III) reduziert und dann mit Fremyschem Salz zu den Diazacyclopentadienonen (IV) oxidiert werden.
Applied Hydroformylation (2012)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTApplied HydroformylationRobert Franke†‡, Detlef Selent§, and Armin Börner*§∥View Author Information† Evonik Industries AG, Paul-Baumann-Str. 1, D-45772 Marl, Germany‡ Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany§ Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany∥ Institut für Chemie der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2012, 112, 11, 5675–5732Publication Date (Web):August 31, 2012Publication History Received3 May 2012Published online31 August 2012Published inissue 14 November 2012https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr3001803https://doi.org/10.1021/cr3001803review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2012 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views30038Altmetric-Citations1216LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Aldehydes,Catalysts,Hydrocarbons,Hydroformylation,Ligands Get e-Alerts
Metal Fuel Development and Verification for Prototype Generation IV Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor (2016)

Metal fuel is being developed for the prototype generation-IV sodium-cooled fast reactor (PGSFR) to be built by 2028. U–Zr fuel is a driver for the initial core of the PGSFR, and U–transuranics (TRU)–Zr fuel will gradually replace U–Zr fuel through its qualification in the PGSFR. Based on the vast worldwide experiences of U–Zr fuel, work on U–Zr fuel is focused on fuel design, fabrication of fuel components, and fuel verification tests. U–TRU–Zr fuel uses TRU recovered through pyroelectrochemical processing of spent PWR (pressurized water reactor) fuels, which contains highly radioactive minor actinides and chemically active lanthanide or rare earth elements as carryover impurities. An advanced fuel slug casting system, which can prevent vaporization of volatile elements through a control of the atmospheric pressure of the casting chamber and also deal with chemically active lanthanide elements using protective coatings in the casting crucible, was developed. Fuel cladding of the ferritic–martensitic steel FC92, which has higher mechanical strength at a high temperature than conventional HT9 cladding, was developed and fabricated, and is being irradiated in the fast reactor.
Risk factors for methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) infection in dogs and cats: a case-control study (2010)

Risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in dogs and cats were investigated in an unmatched case-control study. A total of 197 animals from 150 veterinary practices across the United Kingdom was enrolled, including 105 MRSA cases and 92 controls with methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) infection. The association of owners and veterinarian staff with the human healthcare sector (HCS) and animal-related characteristics such as signalment, antimicrobial and immunosuppressive therapy, and surgery were evaluated as putative risk factors using logistic regression. We found that significant risk factors for MRSA infection were the number of antimicrobial courses (p=0.005), number of days admitted to veterinary clinics (p=0.003) and having received surgical implants (p=0.001). In addition, the odds of contact with humans which had been ill and admitted to hospital (p=0.062) were higher in MRSA infected pets than in MSSA controls. The risk factors identified in this study highlight the need to increase vigilance towards identification of companion animal groups at risk and to advocate responsible and judicious use of antimicrobials in small animal practice.
Preparation, Photoluminescence, and Photostability of Transparent Composite Films of Glycothermally Synthesized YAG:Ce3+Nanoparticles for White LED (2015)

The powder of glycothermally synthesized, Ce3+-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG:Ce3+) nanoparticles exhibits decreased green-yellow emission, under continuous blue light excitation. This emission corresponds to the 5d → 4f transition of Ce3+. YAG:Ce3+ nanoparticles were dispersed in polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix films, to improve their photostabilities. The well-dispersed YAG:Ce3+ nanoparticles were confirmed from transmission electron microscopy observations. The emission and excitation spectra of the composite films were comparable to those of the YAG:Ce3+ nanoparticle powder. The photoluminescence (PL) intensity of the YAG:Ce3+/PVP film gradually decreased to 35% of its initial PL intensity, upon exposure to excitation at 450 nm. The PL intensity of the YAG:Ce3+/PVA film recovered to 95%, after initially decreasing to 82%. The differing photostabilities of the two composite films are discussed.
Photomagnetism and structure in cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (2002)

Light-induced changes in the coercivity ΔHc are reported for cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. These changes arise from charge transfer initiated by optical absorption near 2 eV. An insulator-to-metal transition at 170 K is an upper limit for significant ΔHc. The larger ΔHc for smaller (17 nm) particles was correlated with a distortion about the Co2+ ions at B sites, which increases the absorption probability.