gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcranial Impedance Changes during Sleep: A Rheoencephalography Study (2019)

Measurement of transcranial electrical conductivity may be a viable non-invasive method for monitoring any potential changes in intracranial fluid homeostasis. Clinical Impact: In the absence of other convenient non-invasive methods, using REG to track intracranial fluid dynamics during sleep can facilitate an improved understanding of pathogenesis in Alzheimer's disease.
Smartphone‐Assisted Colorimetric Detection of Cr 3+ using Vitamin B 6 Cofactor Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles and Its Applications in Real Sample Analyses (2018)

Abstract This communication demonstrates a rapid, reproducible and highly selective colorimetric nanosensor for the detection of Cr 3+ ions in aqueous medium using the functionalized gold nanoparticles. The functionalized AuNPs were obtained in three steps: (i) the citrate capped Cit‐AuNPs were prepared by standard procedure, (ii) the thiolated Schiff base CAPLP was generated in‐situ by reacting vitamin B 6 cofactor pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate and cysteamine, and then (iii) the CAPLP was decorated over the surface of Cit‐AuNPs via ligand exchange method yielding spherical and well dispersed nanoparticles of size ∼16±2 nm. The wine red color of CAPLP‐AuNPs solution turned to purplish blue upon addition of Cr 3+ ions along with the SPR band was red‐shifted from 525 nm to 650 nm due to the complexation‐induced aggregation of nanoparticles. With a high selectivity and specificity, this nano‐assembly shows the detection limit down to 2.34 μM and finds applicability over a wide range of pH. The developed nanosensor was applied in environmental water samples for Cr 3+ ions detection and achieved ideal results. More significantly, the visually detectable color change of CAPLP‐AuNPs has been successfully integrated with a smartphone RGBColorValue app to make it useful for on‐site fast measurement and real‐time online analysis of Cr 3+ with the detection limit down to 11 μM.
Pretreatment with Recombinant Flt3 Ligand Partially Protects against Progressive Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Susceptible BALB/c Mice (2001)

Dendritic cells are potent antigen-presenting cells that also produce interleukin-12 (IL-12) during innate and adaptive cellular immune responses and that thereby promote the differentiation of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-producing Th1-type CD4(+) T lymphocytes. We hypothesized that expanded dendritic-cell populations in mice pretreated with the hematopoietic cytokine Flt3L would protect against cutaneous Leishmania major infection. Pretreatment of disease-susceptible BALB/c mice with 10 microg of recombinant Flt3L (rFlt3L) for 9 to 10 days before infection increased lymph node IL-12 p40 productive capacity 20-fold compared to that of saline-injected controls. Furthermore, 9 of 22 (40.9%) rFlt3L-pretreated BALB/c mice resolved their cutaneous infections, whereas none of the 22 control BALB/c mice healed. Healed, rFlt3L-pretreated mice did not develop disease following reinfection. Flt3L pretreatment also reduced parasite numbers 1,000-fold in the cutaneous lesions at 2 weeks after infection relative to numbers in lesions of untreated controls. However, Flt3L pretreatment did not significantly alter L. major-induced IFN-gamma and IL-4 production in lymph node culture at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after infection. Despite the lack of Th immune deviation, Flt3L ligand-pretreated lymph nodes expressed up to 10-fold higher levels of IL-12 p40 and inducible (type 2) nitric oxide synthase mRNA at 7 days after infection. In contrast, treatment with rFlt3L after infection failed to protect against disease despite comparable expansions of dendritic cells and IL-12 p40 productive capacity in both infected and uninfected BALB/c mice treated with rFlt3L. We conclude that rFlt3L pretreatment before infection with L. major reduces parasite load and promotes healing of cutaneous lesions without stable cytokine deviation towards a dominant Th1 cytokine phenotype.
Resolution of a Chiral Olefin by Complexation Chromatography on an Optically Active Rhodium(I) Complex (1977)

Differences in π-complexation strength of chiral olefins with the rhodium(I) complex 1R-(2) have now been exploited for resolving enantiomers by gas chromatography. Racemic 3-methylcyclopentene could be resolved quantitatively into the antipodes R-(1) and S-(1).
IC‐P‐033: Treatment with 17β‐estradiol in postmenopausal women is associated with lower PiB‐PET retention (2015)

Treatments to reduce the amyloid plaque burden in the aging, cognitively normal population may prevent or delay the development of dementia. Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) binds to amyloid plaque and provides a surrogate for amyloid β pathology using PET. PiB-PET retention is a frequent finding in the aging, cognitively normal population. We investigated whether the treatment of postmenopausal women with menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) would have an association with amyloid burden measured by PiB-PET. Participants were recruited from the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (KEEPS), which was a randomized, placebo controlled trial to evaluate cardiovascular effects of MHT in recently menopausal women. PiB imaging was performed on a subgroup of subjects about 7 years after initiating 4 years of MHT where women within 6-36 months of their last menses had been randomized to either oral conjugated equine estrogen (CEE), Premarin, 0.45mg/day (N=17); or transdermal 17β-estradiol (TE), Climara, 50μg/day (N=21) (each with progesterone 200mg/day for 12 days/month) or placebo pills and patch (N=30). Participants had full clinical and neuropsychometric assessments. PiB images from each group were compared after treatment using a global SUVr measurement as a continuous measure. Positive PiB-PET scans were seen in 3(18%), 1(5%) and 1(3%) with median(range) SUVr's of 1.27 (1.19, 1.76), 1.25 (1.12, 1.75), 1.28 (1.20, 1.44) in the CEE, TE, and placebo groups respectively. A trend for reduced PiB retention was seen in the TE group vs. placebo (p=0.08). Among women who were APOE 4+ (N=18), we observed differences in PiB retention between CEE vs. TE (p=0.049) and TE vs. placebo (p=0.055) groups. No significant differences were observed in APOE 4- participants (n=40). (Figure). Boxplots of PiB ratios by treatment status. For ε4 positive only (right box), the p-values between 3 groups are as follows; CEE vs. Estradiol = 0.049, CEE vs. Placebo = 0.25 and Estradiol vs. Placebo = 0.055. The box on left has all subjects with e4 positives in red. The middle box has e4 negative subjects only. P-values are from Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon rank sum tests. PiB cutoff for positivity at 1.4 is shown by a red-hashed line. These preliminary findings in a small number of women suggest an active role of TE for reducing amyloid brain deposition in postmenopausal women when treated for 4 years, shortly after menopause. These data may provide the rationale for a clinical trial to further investigate these findings in a larger population. These findings would support the observation that 17β-estradiol reduces the release of Aβ peptides in preclinical models. This interaction seems to be most pronounced in APOE 4+ women.
Damage detection with concentrated configurations of piezoelectric transducers (2011)

In this paper results of investigation on concentrated piezoelectric networks with different configurations are presented. They were used for elastic wave generation and acquisition. The elastic wave propagation phenomenon was used for damage localization in thin aluminium panels. This approach utilized the fact that any discontinuities existing in structural elements cause local changes of physical material properties which affect elastic wave propagation. Elastic waves were excited and received using piezoelectric transducer networks with different element arrangements. The method of transducer placement and the number of piezoelectric elements used had an influence on the accuracy of the damage localization algorithm. Obviously, the more elements there were, the more data had to be processed. After the acquisition process signal processing was conducted in order to create damage influence maps. These maps presents elastic wave energy connected with reflection from discontinuities. In order to create such a map a computer program was developed that assigns a mesh of points to the panel surface. At each point the energy of elastic wave reflection was calculated. This energy was extracted from the acquired signals. This paper summarizes an extensive experimental investigation that included three damage scenarios and twelve transducer configurations.
Space collision threat mitigation (2014)

Mitigation of possible collision threats to current and future operations in space environments is an important an challenging task considering high nonlinearity of orbital dynamics and discrete measurement updates. Such discrete observations are relatively scarce with respect to space dynamics including possible unintentional or intentional rocket propulsion based maneuvers even in scenarios when measurement collections are focused to a one single target of interest. In our paper, this problem is addressed in terms of multihypothesis and multimodel estimation in conjunction with multi-agent multigoal game theoretic guaranteed evasion strategies. Collision threat estimation is formulated using conditional probabilities of time dependent hypotheses and spacecraft controls which are computed using Liapunov-like approach. Based on this formulation, time dependent functional forms of multi-objective utility functions are derived given threat collision risk levels. For demonstrating developed concepts, numerical methods are developed using nonlinear filtering methodology for updating hypothesis sets and corresponding conditional probabilities. Space platform associated sensor resources are managed using previously developed and demonstrated information-theoretic objective functions and optimization methods. Consequently, estimation and numerical methods are evaluated and demonstrated on a realistic Low Earth Orbit collision encounter.
Multicenter comparison of serologic assays and estimation of human herpesvirus 8 seroprevalence among US blood donors (2003)

Medical and behavioral screening does not eliminate HHV-8-seropositive persons from the US blood donor pool, but no viral DNA was found in donor blood. Further studies of much larger numbers of seropositive individuals will be required to more completely assess the rate of viremia and possibility of HHV-8 transfusion transmission. Current data do not indicate a need to screen US blood donors for HHV-8.
Optical properties of Er-doped fluoride glasses for solar-pumped laser applications (2014)

Optical properties required for the design of a solar pumped fiber laser were evaluated for Er3+-fluoride glass. The quantum efficiency of the emission band at 1530 nm was about 35 %. The product of the stimulated emission cross-section and the emission lifetime σst τf was about 46 × 10−24 cm2·s.
NLPの原理と道具 : 「言葉と思考の心理学手法」応用マニュアル (2019)

第１章 ＮＬＰの主な考え方への導入と概観—現在の状態から望ましい状態へ変化する法。目標。コミュニケーション。ラポールを得るには。人々は皆世界を理解するための独自の地図を持っている。 第２章 考えるために内的感覚をどう使うか。言葉と思考の関係。相手がどの内的感覚を用いているかを知る方法。 第３章 心の状態について—いかにして喚起されるか？適切な刺激（アンカーという）を用いてリソースに富んだ心の状態を手に入れる方法は？ 第４章 単純な因果関係として物事を考えず、システムとして見る。環境、行動、能力、信念、そして自己同一性を関連づけたロバート・ディルツの最新の仕事を紹介する。 第５章 言語が我々の経験をいかに制限しているか。どうやってその制限を乗り越えるか。メタ・モデルは人々が語る言葉を明確にするための鍵となる質問を体系的にしたものである。 第６章 相手の経験に一致する曖昧な言葉を巧みに使って、相手の無意識に蓄えられたリソースを引き出す方法—世界的に有名な催眠療法家のミルトン・エリクソンに因んでミルトン・モデルと呼ばれる。その他、隠喩やリフレーミングや時間の主観的経験について学ぶ。 第７章 さらに多くのＮＬＰの応用を学ぶ。例えば、葛藤、連携、価値、ビジネスにおける柔軟性。会議を効果的に行なう法。困難な状況で合意に達する法。 第８章 ＮＬＰによる心理療法と個人の変化を扱う。古典的なＮＬＰの技法—スイッシ、恐怖症の治療。内的不一致（葛藤）の解消。 第９章 思考の戦略について。有名な綴り方の戦略を含めた実際的な例を挙げる。音楽的記憶の戦略やウォルト・ディズニーをモデルにした創造性の戦略も扱う。 エピローグ ＮＬＰが我々の文化の変動をいかに反映するか簡単に推測してみよう。我々の思想という内的な世界での変化過程が外的な世界での激しい変化をいかに映すか。
Utilizing the similarity preserving properties of self-organizing maps in vector quantization of images (2002)

The self-organizing map (SOM) algorithm creates a topologically ordered mapping from the input space to map nodes. The mapping has the special property that the neighborhood relations between the input samples are preserved to the output space. In this paper it is shown that the similarity preserving property of the SOM can be used advantageously in image vector quantization applications, either to increase the error tolerance for transmission errors, or to increase the compression efficiency.
A finite state machine and walking control algorithm of the biped robot with flat foot (2017)

This paper presents the control strategy for 7-link biped consisting of an underactuated floating trunk, rigid legs, and flat feet. This proposed control enables a biped to perform stable walking without using any pre-designed trajectories. We consider the force direction control in Biped Trunk Spring Loaded Inverted Pendulum (BTSLIP) from our previous study, which shows the stable behavior in walking motion. Then, we aim to inherit the advantage of force direction control related to the BTSLIP. Herein, we add two virtual springs from hip to each foot then map simple virtual model to the real robot joints torque. Furthermore, the control of ankles will adapt with different walking phase by following finite state machine. The dynamical simulation under random initial state validates the stabilizing the floating trunk and maintaining of the robot model equipped with the proposed controller.
Put That Needle There (2020)

Informed by modern imaging techniques, current medical navigation systems support physicians during a variety of interventions, such as needle-based operations. During these, an abundance of information is often displayed on monitors placed in positions that are uncomfortable for the operator to view. In this article, we address these issues with the concept and prototype of a customized flexible display that is placed on the patient’s body to provide the essential information at just the right location. We present an empirical evaluation comparing the flexible display against a control condition using a standard interventional monitor setup and an additional condition that combines both. Our results show that the flexible display significantly reduces task load while improving overall usability. Furthermore, we found indications that the flexible display reduces task completion time while also observing a negative effect on accuracy, which needs to be balanced carefully.
The Ifng Gene Is Essential for Vdr Gene Expression and Vitamin D3-Mediated Reduction of the Pathogenic T Cell Burden in the Central Nervous System in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, a Multiple Sclerosis Model (2012)

Compelling evidence suggests that vitamin D3 insufficiency may contribute causally to multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) research firmly supports this hypothesis. Vitamin D3 supports 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-[OH]2D3) synthesis in the CNS, initiating biological processes that reduce pathogenic CD4+ T cell longevity. MS is prevalent in Sardinia despite high ambient UV irradiation, challenging the vitamin D-MS hypothesis. Sardinian MS patients frequently carry a low Ifng expresser allele, suggesting that inadequate IFN-γ may undermine vitamin D3-mediated inhibition of demyelinating disease. Testing this hypothesis, we found vitamin D3 failed to inhibit EAE in female Ifng knockout (GKO) mice, unlike wild-type mice. The two strains did not differ in Cyp27b1 and Cyp24a1 gene expression, implying equivalent vitamin D3 metabolism in the CNS. The 1,25-(OH)2D3 inhibited EAE in both strains, but 2-fold more 1,25-(OH)2D3 was needed in GKO mice, causing hypercalcemic toxicity. Unexpectedly, GKO mice had very low Vdr gene expression in the CNS. Injecting IFN-γ intracranially into adult mice did not increase Vdr gene expression. Correlating with low Vdr expression, GKO mice had more numerous pathogenic Th1 and Th17 cells in the CNS, and 1,25-(OH)2D3 reduced these cells in GKO and wild-type mice without altering Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. Thus, the Ifng gene was needed for CNS Vdr gene expression and vitamin D3-dependent mechanisms that inhibit EAE. Individuals with inadequate Ifng expression may have increased MS risk despite high ambient UV irradiation because of low Vdr gene expression and a high encephalitogenic T cell burden in the CNS.
Multi-capacity bin packing algorithms with applications to job scheduling under multiple constraints (2003)

Multi-capacity bin-packing is a generalization of the classical one-dimensional bin-packing problem in which the bin capacity and the item sizes are represented by d-dimensional vectors. Previous work in d-capacity bin-packing algorithms analyzed variants of single capacity bin-packing, extended to deal with the d capacities. These extended algorithms are oblivious to the additional capacity information, however, and do not scale well with increasing d. We provide new packing algorithms which use the additional capacity information to provide better packing and show how these algorithms might lead to better multi-resource allocation and scheduling solutions.
Algal Biophotovoltaic Devices: Surface Potential Studies (2020)

The exploitation of renewable energy sources for delivering carbon-neutral or carbon-negative solutions has been accomplished through the strategies involving the removal of CO2 from the atmosphere. Algae-fuel is deemed to play a major role in this emerging carbon-negative market via the bioelectricity generation using biophotovoltaic (BPV) cells. Accordingly, we investigate the bioelectricity generation of a freshwater green alga strain from Japan, Chlorella vulgaris (NIES-642), using carbon paper and indium–tin-oxide (ITO) electrodes. The ITO equipped BPV demonstrates the maximum power output of 0.25 mW m–2, which is remarkably higher than carbon-paper-based BPV (0.21 mW m–2). The surface potential studies were conducted to understand the electron transfer at the interface of algal biofilm and electrodes using the Kelvin probe method. The minimal surface potential difference (0.2 V) observed for ITO compared to those of other processed electrodes demonstrates the maximum BPV power generation, owing to its lower electrical resistivity and higher electron donor/acceptor capacity.
Secular score gains on Raven’s Progressive Matrices in a population of Polish adolescents (2014)

Abstract The paper presents findings on secular score gains in Raven’s Progressive Matrices during six decades (1948- 2009) in Polish adolescents. Seven groups are being compared, comprising of 20, 490 subjects in total. The representative groups examined in 2000 (N=1,331) and 2009 (N=3,650) are those of special interest as they are the most numerous and allowing formal means comparison using standard test for comparison of means and Welch’s test. Possible causes for the noted effect are being discussed, with special emphasis on the economic growth and its implications - such as improved nutrition, education changes, growth of adolescent’s well-being and child upbringing practices.
Study and simulation of different scanning strategies in SLM (2009)

In SLS, the main parameters are the laser power, the pulse frequency and the scan speed. The scanning strategy is of less importance. In SLM, the goal is to completely melt the powder in order to have dense parts. Consequently, one uses a very high laser power and the negative thermal effects (like thermal stresses (see (Pohl H. and Simchi A. 2001)) or balling effects (see (N.K. Tolochko, S.E. Mozzharov, I.A. Yadroitsev, T. Laoui, L. Froyen, V.I. Titov, and M.B. Ignatiev 2004)) are important in that case. A solution to control them is to adjust the scanning strategy.
Oral cancer awareness in North-Western Spain: a population-based study (2021)

General population has low awareness of oral cancer with poor knowledge of risk factors and main alarm signs. In addition, individuals in the risk group scored lower values in the main variables analysed; even those highly educated showed insufficient awareness and knowledge of oral cancer. In these circumstances, there is clear need for educational interventions tailored to the target audience and aimed at increasing knowledge and awareness of oral cancer to promote primary prevention of oral cancer and minimising the time interval of patients with symptomatic oral cancer in their path to treatment.
Supplementary Table 2 from Effects of <i>ERCC2</i> Lys751Gln (A35931C) and <i>CCND1</i> (G870A) Polymorphism on Outcome of Advanced-Stage Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Are Treatment Dependent (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 61K, Risk factor distributions according to ERCC2 genotype and CCND1 genotype.&lt;/p&gt;
Influence of the Surface Chemical Composition Differences between Zirconia and Titanium with the Similar Surface Structure and Roughness on Bone Formation (2022)

The osseointegration of zirconia (ZrO2) implants is still controversial. In this study, we aimed to make clear the influence of surface chemical composition, Ti or ZrO2, to osseointegration. First, a roughened Ti surface was prepared with a combination of large-grit sandblasting and acid treatment. Then, we applied molecular precursor solution containing Zr complex onto roughened Ti surface and can deposit thin ZrO2 film onto roughened Ti surface. We can change surface chemical composition from Ti to ZrO2 without changing the surface structure and roughness of roughened Ti. The tetragonal Zr was uniformly present on the ZrO2-coated Ti surface, and the surface of the ZrO2-coated Ti showed a higher apparent zeta potential than Ti. Ti and ZrO2-coated Ti rectangular plate implant was placed into the femur bone defect. After 2 and 4 weeks of implantation, histomorphometric observation revealed that the bone-to-implant contact ratio and the bone mass values for ZrO2-coated Ti implants inserted into the femur bone defects of the rats at 2 weeks were significantly higher than those for Ti implants (p < 0.05). It revealed that ZrO2 with a similar surface structure and roughness as that of roughened Ti promoted osteogenesis equivalent to or better than that of Ti in the early bone formation stage.
Intrinsic Dimensionality Estimation within Tight Localities: A Theoretical and Experimental Analysis (2022)

Accurate estimation of Intrinsic Dimensionality (ID) is of crucial importance in many data mining and machine learning tasks, including dimensionality reduction, outlier detection, similarity search and subspace clustering. However, since their convergence generally requires sample sizes (that is, neighborhood sizes) on the order of hundreds of points, existing ID estimation methods may have only limited usefulness for applications in which the data consists of many natural groups of small size. In this paper, we propose a local ID estimation strategy stable even for `tight' localities consisting of as few as 20 sample points. The estimator applies MLE techniques over all available pairwise distances among the members of the sample, based on a recent extreme-value-theoretic model of intrinsic dimensionality, the Local Intrinsic Dimension (LID). Our experimental results show that our proposed estimation technique can achieve notably smaller variance, while maintaining comparable levels of bias, at much smaller sample sizes than state-of-the-art estimators.