gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The CXCR3 Binding Chemokine IP-10/CXCL10:  Structure and Receptor Interactions (2002)

The structure of IP-10 was solved by NMR spectroscopy and represents the first structure from the class of agonists toward the receptor CXCR3. CXCR3 binding chemokines are unique in their ability to bind receptors from both the CC and CXC classes of chemokine receptors. An unusual structural feature of IP-10 was identified that may provide the basis for the ability of IP-10 to bind both CXCR3 and CCR3. The surface of IP-10 that interacts with the N-terminus of CXCR3 was defined by monitoring changes in the NMR spectrum of IP-10 upon addition of a CXCR3 N-terminal peptide. These studies indicated that the interaction involves a hydrophobic cleft, formed by the N-loop and 40s-loop region of IP-10, similar to the interaction surface observed for other chemokines such as IL-8. An additional region of interaction was observed that consists of a hydrophobic cleft formed by the N-terminus of IP-10 and 30s-loop of IP-10.
A generalized Volterra-Fredholm type integral inequality for discontinuous functions (2011)

In this paper, a new generalized Volterra-Fredholm type nonlinear integral inequality for discontinuous functions is established, which can be used in analysis for the boundedness of solutions of certain Volterra-Fredholm type integral equations. Our results generalize the main results in [18, 19].
Philosophie (2005)

Aprs la claire et vivante prsentation du chaos, due Ivar Ekeland et parue chez Flammarion en 1995, voici un autre ouvrage destin renseigner les non-initis sur les plus rcentes avances dans le domaine de la physique. Conscient de ce que, sans mathmatiques, on ne peut donner qu'une image un peu floue de la thorie des processus chaotiques, Franois Lurat a cependant prfr aux quations une approche gomtrique simple destine faire comprendre de quoi il s'agit et de quoi il ne s'agit pas quand on parle de chaos, afin de mieux apprhender la porte philosophique de ce courant scientifique.
Multipolar Bubbles, Point-Symmetry and Jets in Dying Stars (2003)

The imaging of young planetary and pre-planetary nebulae (YPNe and PPNe) with unprecedented high angular resolution and dynamic range using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), has shown that most of these objects are highly aspherical, with complex multipolar morphologies. The complexity, organization and symmetry of the morphological structures has radically changed our understanding of the mass-loss processes during late stellar evolution. We have proposed that high-speed collimated outo ws or jets operating during the late AGB and/or early post-AGB evolutionary phase play a fundamental role in shaping PNe. We present here new results from our multi-wavelength program of imaging and spectroscopy of YPNe and PPNe that support this model, and describe a parallel eort to infer the properties of the fast outo ws using numerical simulations.
ChemInform Abstract: Stimuli‐Responsive Cyclopenta[ef]heptalenes: Synthesis and Optical Properties. (2015)

Abstract A new approach to cyclopenta[ef]heptalenes (III) from naturally occurring guaiazulene is reported.
High‐affinity Ca2+‐binding site inhibiting Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum (1989)

Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes, activated by alkaline pH occurs only when EGTA is present in the release medium. Addition of very low concentrations of Ca2+ to the medium inhibits Ca2+ release. The concentration of free Ca2+ required for 50% inhibition ranges from between 5 and 20 nM in different experiments and/or membrane preparations, irrespective of whether the free Ca2+ concentration is controlled by EGTA or CDTA. Other divalent cations such as Mn2+, Ba2+, Cu2+, Cd2+ and Mg2+ also exert an inhibitory effect on Ca2+ release, with higher or lower potency than that of Ca2+. The inactivation of Ca2+ release by Ca2+ is reversible. We suggest the involvement of high-affinity Ca2+-binding sites in the control of Ca2+ release.
Effects of human neutrophil chemotaxis across human endothelial cell monolayers on the permeability of these monolayers to ions and macromolecules (1988)

We have developed a method for studying the permeability properties of human endothelia in vitro. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cultured on a substrate of human amnion. Confluent monolayers of these cells demonstrated 6-12 delta.cm2 of electrical resistance (a measure of their permeability to ions) and restricted the transendothelial passage of albumin from their apical to their basal surface. To determine whether leukocyte emigration alters endothelial permeability in this model, we examined the effects of migrating human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) on these two parameters. Few PMN migrated across the HUVEC monolayers in the absence of chemoattractants. In response to chemoattractants, PMN migration through HUVEC monolayers was virtually complete within 10 minutes and occurred at random locations throughout the monolayer. PMN migrated across the monolayer via the paracellular pathway. Although one PMN migrated across the monolayer for each HUVEC, PMN migration induced no change in electrical resistance or albumin permeability of these monolayers. At this PMN:HUVEC ratio, these permeability findings were correlated morphologically to measurements that HUVEC paracellular pathway size increases by less than 0.22% with PMN migration. This increase is insufficient to effect a measurable change in the electrical resistance of the endothelial cell monolayer. These findings demonstrate that increased permeability of cultured endothelial cell monolayers is not a necessary consequence of PMN emigration.
Structural and mechanistic insight into the basis of mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB (2008)

Mucopolysaccharidosis III (MPS III) has four forms (A-D) that result from buildup of an improperly degraded glycosaminoglycan in lysosomes. MPS IIIB is attributable to the decreased activity of a lysosomal alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGLU). Here, we describe the structure, catalytic mechanism, and inhibition of CpGH89 from Clostridium perfringens, a close bacterial homolog of NAGLU. The structure enables the generation of a homology model of NAGLU, an enzyme that has resisted structural studies despite having been studied for >20 years. This model reveals which mutations giving rise to MPS IIIB map to the active site and which map to regions distant from the active site. The identification of potent inhibitors of CpGH89 and the structures of these inhibitors in complex with the enzyme suggest small-molecule candidates for use as chemical chaperones. These studies therefore illuminate the genetic basis of MPS IIIB, provide a clear biochemical rationale for the necessary sequential action of heparan-degrading enzymes, and open the door to the design and optimization of chemical chaperones for treating MPS IIIB.
Novel seed coat lignins in the Cactaceae: structure, distribution and implications for the evolution of lignin diversity (2012)

We have recently described a hitherto unsuspected catechyl lignin polymer (C-lignin) in the seed coats of Vanilla orchid and in cacti of one genus, Melocactus (Chen et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2012, 109, 1772-1777.). We have now determined the lignin types in the seed coats of 130 different cactus species. Lignin in the vegetative tissues of cacti is of the normal guaiacyl/syringyl (G/S) type, but members of most genera within the subfamily Cactoidae possess seed coat lignin of the novel C-type only, which we show is a homopolymer formed by endwise β-O-4-coupling of caffeyl alcohol monomers onto the growing polymer resulting in benzodioxane units. However, the species examined within the genera Coryphantha, Cumarinia, Escobaria and Mammillaria (Cactoideae) mostly had normal G/S lignin in their seeds, as did all six species in the subfamily Opuntioidae that were examined. Seed coat lignin composition is still evolving in the Cactaceae, as seeds of one Mammillaria species (M. lasiacantha) possess only C-lignin, three Escobaria species (E. dasyacantha, E. lloydii and E. zilziana) contain an unusual lignin composed of 5-hydroxyguaiacyl units, the first report of such a polymer that occurs naturally in plants, and seeds of some species contain no lignin at all. We discuss the implications of these findings for the mechanisms that underlie the biosynthesis of these newly discovered lignin types.
Influence of Ethylene-1-Alkene Copolymers Microstructure on Thermo-Rheological Behavior of Model Blends for Enhanced Recycling (2022)

Polyethylenes (PE) are the most commonly occurring ingredients for post-consumer recyclates (PCR). The structure–property relationships of different types of model PE-based blends are established using multiple thermo-rheological analyses. Although considered “simple”, the complex behavior of model PE-based blends is experimentally demonstrated for the first time for metallocene-catalyzed, linear, low-density polyethylenes (mLLDPE) with different microstructures that are commonly encountered in PCR. During non-isothermal crystallization, the microstructure of mLLDPE predominantly influences the interaction between mLLDPE and LDPE. Based on the mLLDPE microstructure, the molten LDPE phase acts either as a nucleating agent or as a crystallization rate promoting agent. Both rheological and thermal analyses show that higher activation energy is required for the reptation or movement of polymer chains in a highly branched microstructure with long chain branching (LCB) compared to a linear microstructure with short chain branching (SCB). The quasi-melt response, as measured by thermal analysis under non-isothermal conditions, is distinctly different and sensitive to both the SCB and LCB present in the LLDPE/LDPE blends.
Implantation Site of a Pacemaker Generator (2011)

Background: We reported that as for the placement parts of generator, to place the generator at left axillary fossa with axillary vein puncture was thought to be useful from the mental, functional and cosmetic standpoint. But objective assessment was different. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to make comparative study of mental, functional and cosmetic situation by the generator planting part of pacemaker. Method and Patients: The questioner investigation concerning impact shock from out side of body, electromagnetic wave interference, cosmetic condition and satisfaction rating to present pacemaker planting part was performed to 10 patients at left axillary fossa (F) and 119 patients at the anterior chest (A). Result: 1) There were 66% worry in A for the impact shock to pacemaker planting part from the outside, and 90% in F had the sense of security. 2) 42.3% thought pacemaker to be remarkable and 57.1% was not satisfied in A but 90% was satisfied in F with the placement parts of generator. Conclusion: Though A was 119 and F was 10, and comparative study is difficult. F is giving a good effect as a tendency in the function, the mental and cosmetic aspect compared with A. It is scheduled that the more cases are examined in the future.
Tropospheric intrusions associated with the secondary tropopause (2009)

Deep intrusions of tropospheric air into the lower stratosphere above the subtropical jet are investigated using new observations and meteorological analyses. These intrusions are characterized by low ozone concentration and low static stability. The low‐ozone layer is consistently observed from ozonesonde profiles and satellite remote sensing data from Aura/HIRDLS. The intruding layer occurs along and under the poleward extending tropical tropopause, which becomes the secondary tropopause in middle to high latitudes. The association of the ozone and the thermal structure provides evidence for the physical significance of the subtropical tropopause break and the secondary tropopause. The core of the intruding layer is typically between 370 and 400 K potential temperature (∼15 km), but the vertical extent of the intrusion can impact ozone above 400 K, the lower boundary of the overworld. Two intrusion events over the continental United States in the spring of 2007 are analyzed to show the spatial extent and the temporal evolution of the intruding air mass. These examples demonstrate the effectiveness of potential temperature lapse rate, i.e., static stability, as a diagnostic for the intrusion event. Comparison with the potential vorticity field is made to show the complementarity of the two dynamical fields. The static stability diagnostic provides a tool to map out the horizontal extent of the intruding layer and to investigate its evolution. Furthermore, the diagnostic makes it possible to forecast the intrusion event for field studies.
Implementing 0.1 nm B4C barriers in ultrashort period 1.0 nm W/Si multilayers for increased soft x-ray reflectance (2023)

Ultrashort period 1.0 nm W/Si multilayers have potential as dispersive Bragg reflectors in high-resolution x-ray fluorescence. However, formation of WSix leads to poor optical performance. To address this, we introduce ultrathin 0.1 nm B4C diffusion barriers in sputter-deposited 1.0 nm W/Si, inhibiting W–Si interaction. We demonstrate that the peak reflectance at a wavelength of 0.834 nm increased with a factor of 3.4 compared to W/Si. Diffuse scattering measurements reveal no change in interfacial roughness when applying B4C barriers compared to W/Si. X-ray reflectivity analysis shows a substantial increase in optical contrast between Si and W as well as sharper transitions between the layers. Chemical analysis suggests that the B4C barrier reduces formation of WSix through partial substitution of W-silicide bonds with W-carbide/boride bonds, leading to an increase in optical contrast. The resulting structure of W/Si with B4C barriers offers a compelling alternative to the more established W/B4C multilayer at the ultrashort scale due to its superior soft- and hard x-ray reflectance.
Upregulation and Functionality of Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors (2006)

Cigarette smoking is, in developed countries, the leading cause of premature death. In tobacco smoke, the main addictive compound is nicotine, which in the brain binds to neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (neuronal nAChRs). These have been implicated in addiction, but also in several neurological disorders including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, Tourette's syndrome, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia, pain, depression, and autosomal-dominant noctural frontal lobe epilepsy; all of which makes nAChRs an intriguing target of study. \n\nChronic treatment with nicotine leads to an increase in the number of nAChRs (upregulation) in the brain and changes their functionality. Changes in the properties of nAChRs are likely to occur in smokers as well, since they are exposed to nicotine for long periods of time. Several nAChR subtypes likely play a role in the formation of nicotine addiction by participating in the release of dopamine in the striatum. The aim of this study was to clarify at cellular level the changes in nAChR characteristics resulting from chronic nicotine treatment. \n\nSH-SY5Y cells, endogenously several nAChR-expressing, and SH-EP1-h-alfa7 cells, transfected with the alfa 7 nAChR subunit gene were treated chronically with nicotine. The localisation of alfa 7 and beta2 subunits was studied with confocal and electron microscopy. Functionality of nAChRs was studied with calcium fluorometry. Effects of long-term treatment with opioid compounds on nAChRs were studied by means of ligand binding. \n\nConfocal microscopy showed that in SH-SY5Y cells, alfa7 and beta2 subunits formed clusters, unlike the case in SH-EP1-h alfa7 cells, where alfa7 nAChRs were distributed more diffusely. The majority of nAChR subunits localised on endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The isomers of methadone acted as agonists at alfa7 nAChRs. Acute morphine challenge also stimulated nAChRs. Chronic treatment with methadone or morphine led to an increased number of nAChRs. In animal studies, mice received nicotine for 7 weeks. Electron microscopical analysis of the localisation of nAChRs showed in the striatum that alfa7 and beta2 nAChR subunits localised synaptically, extrasynaptically, and intracellularly, with the majority localising extrasynaptically. Chronic nicotine treatment caused an increase in the number of nAChR subunits at all studied locations. \n\nThese results suggest that the alfa7 nAChR and beta2 subunit-containing nAChRs respond to chronic nicotine treatment differently. This may indicate that the functional balance of various nAChR subtypes in control of the release of dopamine is altered as a result of chronic nicotine treatment. Compounds binding both to opioid and nACh receptors may be of clinical importance.
[Pathologico-anatomic diagnosis of placental insufficiency in various forms of maternal pathology]. (1986)

Placental insufficiency is considered as a disorder of compensatory-adaptative reactions on subcellular, cellular and tissue levels. In cases of relative insufficiency diagnosed on subcellular and cellular levels, homeostasis of the mother-placenta-fetus system is maintained by the tissue reactions, mainly hemodynamic ones. Among morphological features of compensatory mechanisms the most informative is the index of chorionic villi vascularization. Rapid decrease of the index indicates the development of the absolute placental insufficiency. Among the factors which limit compensatory-adaptative reactions it is necessary to distinguish, besides involutional-dystrophic, circulatory, inflammatory processes, a disorder in the chorion maturation which proceeds in different versions depending on the character and duration of the maternal pathology influence.
Near-optimal bin packing algorithms (1973)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mathematics, 1973.
Polyelectrolyte Multilayers for Tunable Release of Antibiotics (2008)

Polyelectrolyte multilayers incorporating gentamicin were fabricated using layer-by-layer deposition. The multilayers could be precisely tuned with regard to dosage, and release rate under aqueous physiological conditions could be controlled. The films were demonstrated efficacious against Staphylococcus aureus and nontoxic toward murine osteoblasts MC3T3. The films were made in a layer-by-layer process with a heterostructural architecture that represents a general strategy for incorporating charged small molecular species into polyelectrolyte multilayers without the need for any physical or chemical premodification, expanding the range of active species that can be delivered from these films while maintaining the ease of layer-by-layer fabrication process.
Intracranial Nasal Dermoid Sinus Cyst Associated with Colloid Cyst of the Third Ventricle (1999)

A case of a 16-year-old male with both a nasal dermoid sinus cyst (NDSC) and a third ventricle colloid cyst is presented. The NDSC was excised via a single-stage combined intracranial-extracranial approach and the third ventricle colloid cyst was resected endoscopically. The pathogenetic theories of NDSC and third ventricle colloid cyst are discussed, and an embryological explanation for the simultaneous development of the two lesions in this patient is explored. This case is best classified among congenital developmental malformations in a category we propose to call 'anterior neuropore corridor defects.'
Prevalence, diagnosis, and disease course of pertussis in adults with acute cough: a prospective, observational study in primary care (2015)

Pertussis infection plays a limited role among adults presenting with acute cough in primary care, but GPs should acknowledge the possibility of pertussis in uncomplicated lower respiratory tract infection. As in children, pertussis also causes prolonged symptoms in adults. However, pertussis is difficult to discern from other acute cough syndromes in adults at first presentation.
Selective inhibition of pyrimidine synthesis and depletion of nucleotide pools by N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate. (1979)

The urinary excretion of orotidine and orotate in mice treated with pyrazofurin has been used to monitor total body alterations in pyrimidine metabolism. In the 24 hr after a single dose of pyrazofurin (10 mg/kg), mice excreted 14 µmol orotic acid and 7 µmol orotidine. This measure of de novo synthesis can be reduced 78% by repeated s.c. injections of uridine. The continued excretion of orotate (3 µmol/day) despite maximally tolerated doses of N -(phosphonacetyl)-l-aspartate (PALA) (500 mg/kg) administered simultaneously with pyrazofurin indicates residual pyrimidine synthesis de novo in some tissues. Inhibition of the excretion of orotate and orotidine induced by pyrazofurin is detectable for 4 days after a single dose of PALA. High orotidine concentrations occur in mouse spleen and Lewis lung tumor 3 hr after pyrazofurin administration. PALA is much more effective in preventing this accumulation in Lewis lung tumor than in spleen.

PALA produced striking depletions of uridine triphosphate and cytidine triphosphate in cultured L1210 and Lewis lung cells, but adenosine triphosphate and guanosine triphosphate pools increased. PALA reduced pyrimidine pools at much lower concentrations in cultured Lewis lung cells than in L1210 cells. In mice, PALA (500 mg/kg) reduced only slightly (<20%) the total uracil and cytosine nucleotides in spleen, lung, or liver as measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography. In Lewis lung tumor, however, PALA caused marked reductions in total uracil and cytosine nucleotides even at much lower doses of PALA (12.5 mg/kg). The antitumor activity of PALA at doses which allow host pyrimidine synthesis to continue may account for its success in treating Lewis lung carcinoma.
Synthesis and pharmacological properties of some N-aroylhomotryptamines. (1979)

Eight amide compounds were obtained by condensation of appriopriate acid chlorides with homotryptamine and its 5-methoxyderivative. The effects of these compounds on the central nervous system were tested. m-Nitrobenzoylhomotryptamine showed the strongest sedative, anticonvulsive and analgesic properties.
QCoDeS/Qcodes: QCoDeS 0.2.1 (2019)

Changelog for QCoDeS 0.2.1 This release fixes two small issues with execution of tests in 0.2.0 (#1540)
Chaînes laser intenses à contraste élevé par amplification directe dans un milieu gazeux à excimères* (2006)

Cet article prsente l'intrt du concept de laser hybride (solide/gaz) et de l'amplification directe de puissance dans un milieu excimres pour les chanes laser de puissance ultrabrves contraste lev. L'architecture d'une chane laser multiterawatt base sur l'emploi du milieu amplificateur XeF(C-A) pomp par voie photolytique est ensuite dtaille, ainsi que les perspectives de dimensionnement de cette approche au niveau PW et EW.
EFFECTS OF REDEVELOPMENT BASED ON THE STRENGTH OF THE USE OF GREEN ROADS AND UNDERSTANDING THE RESIDENTS’ NEEDS (2021)

This study aims to evaluate the effect of the redevelopment of green roads and understand the residents’ needs. We conducted an observation survey at “Seseragi Park” at the time before the maintenance (July-September 2019) and after the maintenance (July-October 2020). Pedestrians tended to have dispersed traffic zones due to the widening of the garden road. However, the effect of setting up a “recommended route” for bicycles was low in the survey points. As a result of analysis with questioner survey on the entire GMS, we clarify a gap between the section with high utilization intensity.
Las humanidades en la UNED en el nuevo siglo: retos, propuesta y expectativas (2005)

El ensayo hace referencia a la importancia de las Humanidades en la actualidad. Presenta a la UNED como universidad que asume el reto de replantear el Programa de Estudios Generales y proponer un cambio radical desde lo curricular que sea innovador y que promueva una formación humanista integral a sus estudiantes y a las generaciones futuras de costarricenses de cara a las necesidades humanas del Siglo XXI.
A Fragment Library for Drug Activity in Gram Negative Bacteria [Slides] (2018)

Abstract not provided.