gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Managing Aldicarb Application with GPS/GIS Systems (2007)

Abstract Aldicarb is a soil-applied pesticide that is widely used to control certain insects, mites, and nematodes of citrus and other crops. However, due to its high toxicity and leaching potential into groundwater, many states regulate its application. In Florida, aldicarb applications require a 91.4-m buffer zone around all drinking water wells and 304.8 m around wells located in certain sandy soils. To positively control and monitor the discharge of aldicarb in field conditions, the feasibility of using several electronic control systems on the granular applicator was investigated. The project involved fabricating a prototype machine that featured both ground- and motor-driven mechanisms commonly used in commercial aldicarb applications. A ground-driven power train operated one-half of the metering wheel through an electric clutch and a pulse-width modulation (PWM) motor powered the other half. The machine was equipped with various controllers and electronic circuits. Three DGPS-based approaches were considered. The first level consisted of a DGPS antenna and a low-cost data logger. It could provide records including position information (latitude and longitude) and status of the PWM controller and electric clutch (ON/OFF of the discharge system) for monitoring purposes. The second system (mid-range cost) utilized a hand-held computer and variable-rate-application (VRA) software to input prescription maps and provide an operator real-time screen interface. With this system, it was possible to provide ON/OFF control of both discharge drives and generate as-applied maps. The third level (highest-cost) involved the use of a more sophisticated VRA controller comprising modular components and CAN bus system. It allowed detailed operator-machine interface and could input variable rate maps and output information on application rate, acreage, and total material usage. The paper elaborates on the above technology solutions and provides test results of their evaluation under simulated field conditions. Each system had certain merits and limitations but all were capable of providing useful temporal and spatial information for aldicarb application.
On the X-ray diffraction patterns of polymer films (1953)

for suggestions and interest in this work, which was begun in the Crystallographic Laboratory, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge
Supplementary Table S4 from <i>Cic</i> Loss Promotes Gliomagenesis via Aberrant Neural Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Microarray profile of HOG isogenic cell lines&lt;/p&gt;
Learning opposites using neural networks (2016)

Many research works have successfully extended algorithms such as evolutionary algorithms, reinforcement agents and neural networks using “opposition-based learning” (OBL). Two types of the “opposites” have been defined in the literature, namely type-I and type-II. The former are linear in nature and applicable to the variable space, hence easy to calculate. On the other hand, type-II opposites capture the “oppositeness” in the output space. In fact, type-I opposites are considered a special case of type-II opposites where inputs and outputs have a linear relationship. However, in many real-world problems, inputs and outputs do in fact exhibit a nonlinear relationship. Therefore, type-II opposites are expected to be better in capturing the sense of “opposition” in terms of the input-output relation. In the absence of any knowledge about the problem at hand, there seems to be no intuitive way to calculate the type-II opposites. In this paper, we introduce an approach to learn type-II opposites from the given inputs and their outputs using the artificial neural networks (ANNs). We first perform opposition mining on the sample data, and then use the mined data to learn the relationship between input x and its opposite x̌. We have validated our algorithm using various benchmark functions to compare it against an evolving fuzzy inference approach that has been recently introduced. The results show the better performance of a neural approach to learn the opposites. This will create new possibilities for integrating oppositional schemes within existing algorithms promising a potential increase in convergence speed and/or accuracy.
Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Impact of Intraurethral Lidocaine on Urodynamic Voiding Parameters (2018)

In this pilot study of 23 asymptomatic women, intraurethral administration of lidocaine did not decrease VE compared with placebo. The lidocaine group had a greater percentage of interrupted flow patterns and increased electromyographic activity during micturition.
Flow-Based Self-Supervised Density Estimation for Anomalous Sound Detection (2021)

To develop a machine sound monitoring system, a method for detecting anomalous sound is proposed. Exact likelihood estimation using Normalizing Flows is a promising technique for unsupervised anomaly detection, but it can fail at out-of-distribution detection since the likelihood is affected by the smoothness of the data. To improve the detection performance, we train the model to assign higher likelihood to target machine sounds and lower likelihood to sounds from other machines of the same machine type. We demonstrate that this enables the model to incorporate a self-supervised classification-based approach. Experiments conducted using the DCASE 2020 Challenge Task2 dataset showed that the proposed method improves the AUC by 4.6% on average when using Masked Autoregressive Flow (MAF) and by 5.8% when using Glow, which is a significant improvement over the previous method.
Mechanism of Edge Bonding Void Formation in Hydrophilic Direct Wafer Bonding (2013)

The formation of edge bonding voids during hydrophilic direct wafer bonding is investigated. These defects are linked to the bonding wave propagation and to fluid dynamics between the wafers. Fluid mechanics modeling shows that a gas pressure drop occurs at the wafer edge described by a Joule-Thomson expansion. This adiabatic process results in a gas temperature change which can lead to the condensation of small water droplets close to the wafer edge. Therefore, controlling the gas atmosphere during the bonding process is needed to avoid such bonding defects. Several solutions are proposed to avoid the formation of edge bonding voids.
Structural Behavior in a Gypsum Roof-Deck System (1966)

The results of a study of the structural action of a gypsum slab with steel bulb tee subpurlins and steel bar joist purlins in poured-in-place gypsum concrete roof decks are presented. Present (1966) practice is to design these decks on the assumption that only the steel is effective in supporting the loads to which these decks are subjected. However, experiments have shown that the gypsum contributes significantly to the strength and rigidity of these decks. For the bulb tee, stresses and deflections are shown to be predictable by using a composite moment of inertia that includes all gypsum, both slab and formboard, and the bulb tee. The stresses and deflections of the bar joist purlins are shown to be predictable by adding to the area of the top chord of the bar joist, a transformed area of steel corresponding to the gypsum which acts in conjunction with the top chord of the bar joists. This transformed area is determined by using an effective width comparable to the effective width commonly used in the analysis of tee beams or other beams with wide flanges.
Characterization of the topa quinone cofactor in amine oxidase from Escherichia coli by resonance Raman spectroscopy (1995)

The aromatic amine oxidase from Escherichia coli (ECAO) utilizes Cu(II) and 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylalanine quinone (TPQ) as cofactors in enzymatic catalysis. The TPQ cofactor is clearly identified by a set of characteristic vibrational modes between 1200 and 1700 cm-1 in the resonance Raman (RR) spectrum of the native enzyme. This is the first report of a RR spectrum for an underivatized TPQ cofactor in an enzyme, showing that it is possible to study changes in the cofactor during the natural reaction cycle. The RR spectrum of ECAO closely matches that of a 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone model compound, particularly in the deprotonated state in aqueous solution. The principal in-phase C = O symmetric stretching mode of the quinone occurs at 1681 cm-1 in ECAO and at 1666 cm-1 in the model compound and, in both cases, undergoes a downshift of approximately 25 cm-1 upon substitution of one of the carbonyl oxygens with 18O. The overall similarity of the 18O and D shifts in their RR spectra shows that the TPQ cofactor and model compound have the same structure and reactivity, with oxygen exchange occurring at the carbonyl adjacent to the hydroxyl group. Substrate reduction of ECAO under anaerobic conditions leads to a stable semiquinone (lambda max at 442 and 468 nm) with a RR spectrum characteristic of an amine-substituted semiquinone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Dysregulation of photosynthetic genes in oceanic Prochlorococcus populations exposed to organic pollutants (2017)

The impact of organic pollutants on oceanic ecosystem functioning is largely unknown. Prochlorococcus, the most abundant known photosynthetic organism on Earth, has been suggested to be especially sensible to exposure to organic pollutants, but the sub-lethal effects of organic pollutants on its photosynthetic function at environmentally relevant concentrations and mixtures remain unexplored. Here we show the modulation of the expression of two photosynthetic genes, rbcL (RuBisCO large subunit) and psbA (PSII D1 protein), of oceanic populations of Prochlorococcus from the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans when exposed to mixtures of organic pollutants consisting of the non-polar fraction of a seawater extract. This mixture included most persistent organic pollutants, semivolatile aromatic-like compounds, and the unresolved complex mixture of hydrocarbons. Prochlorococcus populations in the controls showed the expected diel cycle variations in expression of photosynthetic genes. However, exposure to a complex mixture at concentrations only 2-fold above the environmental levels resulted in a decrease of expression of both genes, suggesting an effect on the photosynthetic function. While organic pollutant effects on marine phytoplankton have been already demonstrated at the cellular level, this is the first field study showing alterations at the molecular level of the photosynthetic function due to organic pollutants.
Microseminoprotein-Beta Expression in Different Stages of Prostate Cancer (2016)

Microseminoprotein-beta (MSMB, MSMB) is an abundant secretory protein contributed by the prostate, and is implicated as a prostate cancer (PC) biomarker based on observations of its lower expression in cancerous cells compared with benign prostate epithelium. However, as the current literature on MSMB is inconsistent, we assessed the expression of MSMB at the protein and mRNA levels in a comprehensive set of different clinical stages of PC. Immunohistochemistry using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against MSMB was used to study protein expression in tissue specimens representing prostatectomies (n = 261) and in diagnostic needle biopsies from patients treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) (n = 100), and in locally recurrent castration-resistant PC (CRPC) (n = 105) and CRPC metastases (n = 113). The transcript levels of MSMB, nuclear receptor co-activator 4 (NCOA4) and MSMB-NCOA4 fusion were examined by qRT-PCR in prostatectomy samples and by RNA-sequencing in benign prostatic hyperplasia, PC, and CRPC samples. We also measured serum MSMB levels and genotyped the single nucleotide polymorphism rs10993994 using DNA from the blood of 369 PC patients and 903 controls. MSMB expression in PC (29% of prostatectomies and 21% of needle biopsies) was more frequent than in CRPC (9% of locally recurrent CRPCs and 9% of CRPC metastases) (p<0.0001). Detection of MSMB protein was inversely correlated with the Gleason score in prostatectomy specimens (p = 0.024). The read-through MSMB-NCOA4 transcript was detected at very low levels in PC. MSMB levels in serum were similar in cases of PC and controls but were significantly associated with PC risk when adjusted for age at diagnosis and levels of free or total PSA (p<0.001). Serum levels of MSMB in both PC patients and controls were significantly associated with the rs10993994 genotype (p<0.0001). In conclusion, decreased expression of MSMB parallels the clinical progression of PC and adjusted serum MSMB levels are associated with PC risk.
Curcumin Induces Apoptosis in EJ Bladder Cancer Cells via Modulating C-Myc and PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway (2011)

These findings establish a mechanistic linkup or interaction between c-myc, Bax, Bad, Bcl-2, caspase cascades, PI3K/Akt pathway and curcumin- induced apoptosis of EJ cells, suggesting that c-myc and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway play important roles in curcumin-induced apoptosis of EJ bladder cancer cells.
A resource estimation and call admission algorithm for wireless multimedia networks using the shadow cluster concept (1997)

The shadow cluster concept can be used to estimate future resource requirements and to perform call admission decisions in wireless networks. Shadow clusters can be used to decide if a new call can be admitted to a wireless network based on its quality-of-service (QoS) requirements and local traffic conditions. The shadow cluster concept can especially be useful in future wireless networks with microcellular architectures where service will be provided to users with diverse QoS requirements. The framework of a shadow cluster system is completely distributed, and can be viewed as a message system where mobile terminals inform the base stations in their neighborhood about their requirements, position, and movement parameters. With this information, base stations predict future demands, reserve resources accordingly, and admit only those mobile terminals which can be supported adequately. The shadow cluster concept involves some processing and communication overheads. These overheads have no effect on wireless resources, but only on the base stations and the underlying wireline network. It is shown how base stations determine the probabilities that a mobile terminal will be active in other cells at future times, define and maintain shadow clusters by using probabilistic information on the future position of their mobile terminals with active calls, and predict resource demands based on shadow cluster information. In addition, a call admission algorithm is introduced, which uses current traffic and bandwidth utilization conditions, as well as the amount of resources and maximum allowable "dropping probability" being requested. Performance results showing the advantages of the shadow cluster concept are also included.
The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, simvastatin, lovastatin and mevastatin inhibit proliferation and invasion of melanoma cells (2008)

Our results suggest that statin treatment is unlikely to prevent melanoma development at standard doses. However, higher doses of statins may have a role to play in adjuvant therapy by inhibiting growth and invasion of melanoma cells.
Analysis of Mg, Sr, and Ba in deep sea corals using SIMS and ICP-MS (2008)

Chemical compositons of corals are widely used to
reconstruct the temperature and composition of the ocean.
However, many corals are heterogeneous in minor and trace
elements even when they grew at constant temperature and
seawater composition. The goals of our work are to
characterize and explain Mg, Sr, and Ba distributions across
known skeletal features of corals, and to establish how these
distributions vary with temperature.
Supplementary Figure 4 from FcRL5 as a Target of Antibody–Drug Conjugates for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 48KB, In vivo efficacy of anti-FcRL5-MC-vc-PAB-MMAE in combination with lenalidomide&lt;/p&gt;
Locked Plating for Subtrochanteric Fractures (2008)

Summary: Anatomically precontoured locking plates have revolutionized the care of many fractures, including those of the proximal humerus, distal radius, distal femur, and proximal tibia. Locking plates designed for the proximal femur have recently been introduced and offer a potential means to deal with complex fractures of this region as well. The purpose of this article is to describe the indications for the use of locking plates in subtrochanteric and other complex fractures of the proximal femur, and to provide a detailed description of the surgical technique.
Morphologic characteristics of retinal degeneration induced by sodium iodate in mice (2002)

Purpose. Retinal degeneration induced by sodium iodate (NaIO3) in mice was evaluated morphologically. Methods. Male and female ICR and C57BL mice were intraperitoneally administered 100 mg/kg NaIO3 at 7 weeks of age, and were killed 6, 12, 24 hrs, and 3, 7 and 28 days after the treatment. Retinas were examined histologically, ultrastructurally, immunohistochemically, and by the TUNEL method. Results. Retinal degeneration was evoked in all NaIO3- treated mice. The primary site of damage appeared in the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells followed by photoreceptor cell degeneration. Initially, the RPE cells showed necrosis starting 6 hrs post-NaIO3, followed by photoreceptor outer segment disruption and photoreceptor cell apoptosis at 24 hrs; photoreceptor cell apoptosis peaked at day 3 and was completed by day 7. At day 3, Müller cell proliferation, macrophage migration within the retina, and regeneration of damaged RPE cells occurred. Finally at day 7 and day 28, the retina showed a mosaic pattern of relatively normal retina and areas lacking RPE cells and photoreceptor cells. Conclusions. RPE cell necrosis followed by photoreceptor cell apoptosis and the resulting mosaic pattern of the retina phenotypically resembles gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina.
Editorial: Patient-derived tumor models for drug development (2023)

EDITORIAL article Front. Oncol., 07 July 2023Sec. Cancer Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Volume 13 - 2023 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2023.1243534
Etude de l'enthalpie de dissociation et de sélectivité des carboxyméthylcelluloses à densité de charge variable (1973)

International audience
Mobile Telescript agents and the web (2002)

Mobile agents are software programs which can move themselves around in computer networks to "do their job". Telescript is a technology specifically designed as a platform for such agents. This paper describes how Telescript agents can be created and controlled via ordinary web browsers and how they can interact with Java applets.
Synthesis, electron irradiation modification and characterization of polyethylene/poly(butyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) interpenetrating polymer network (1998)

The present work reports the preparation of a porous structure by electron beam irradiation of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) based on polyethylene and poly(methyl methacrylate-co-butyl methacrylates). Thin IPN films were synthesized by in situ polymerization. Low-density polyethylene (PE) was used as the first IPN component, and the second IPN component was formed by copolymerization of methyl methacrylate and butyl methacrylate. After the synthesis the methacrylic phase is finely dispersed in a PE matrix. Porous films of these materials were obtained by decomposition of the polymethacrylate phase by means of electron radiation followed by extraction with xylene. The thermal stability in N2 atmosphere of the irradiated and extracted IPN was improved compared with the unirradiated samples. Three temperature regions of weight loss were observed, two of them caused by the copolymer and one by the PE. The lowering of the melting temperature of PE observed by differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated an increase in crosslinking caused by irradiation. Morphology changes were studied by scanning electron microscopy which revealed a porous surface structure of the irradiated and extracted samples. Flux measurements showed that some irradiated samples were permeable to ethanol, demonstrating an interconnected porous structure which may be relevant for membranes. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A comb filter based signal processing method to effectively reduce motion artifacts from photoplethysmographic signals (2015)

A photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal can provide very useful information about a subject's cardiovascular status. Motion artifacts (MAs), which usually deteriorate the waveform of a PPG signal, severely obstruct its applications in the clinical diagnosis and healthcare area. To reduce the MAs from a PPG signal, in the present study we present a comb filter based signal processing method. Firstly, wavelet de-noising was implemented to preliminarily suppress a part of the MAs. Then, the PPG signal in the time domain was transformed into the frequency domain by a fast Fourier transform (FFT). Thirdly, the PPG signal period was estimated from the frequency domain by tracking the fundamental frequency peak of the PPG signal. Lastly, the MAs were removed by the comb filter which was designed based on the obtained PPG signal period. Experiments with synthetic and real-world datasets were implemented to validate the performance of the method. Results show that the proposed method can effectively restore the PPG signals from the MA corrupted signals. Also, the accuracy of blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), calculated from red and infrared PPG signals, was significantly improved after the MA reduction by the proposed method. Our study demonstrates that the comb filter can effectively reduce the MAs from a PPG signal provided that the PPG signal period is obtained.
Field‐based determination of air diffusivity using soil air and atmospheric pressure time series (1995)

Air diffusivity in two zones over a 4.6‐m interval of the unsaturated zone was determined through analysis of atmospheric pressure and soil air pressure time series. Regression analysis was used to calculate the ratio of amplitudes (admittance) and phase lag between these series at diurnal and semidiurnal frequencies. The admittance for each of the monitoring zones was close to unity for both frequencies. Phase lags between the two time series were statistically equivalent to zero at the diurnal frequency but were as large as 20° ± 7° at the semidiurnal frequency. The phase lag at diurnal and semidiurnal frequencies for each zone was compared to a diffusional model of soil air pressure response to atmospheric loading. From this comparison a composite air diffusivity was determined for each zone. The absence of large variability in air diffusivity and the trends in phase shift with depth suggest that macropores or fractures propagate through a clay layer at a depth of 0.5–1.2 m. The length of the time series (110 days) allowed for the examination of the magnitude of temporal changes in phase shift and air diffusivity. Temporal and spatial trends in phase lag are smaller than the error bounds in the phase estimates. Air diffusivity determined from the entire time record deviated only slightly from the average diffusivity determined from the analysis of a sequence of partial records.