gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular cloning and heterologous expression of novel glucosyltransferases from tobacco cultured cells that have broad substrate specificity and are induced by salicylic acid and auxin (2001)

Scopoletin is one of the phytoalexins in tobacco. Cells of the T-13 cell line (Nicotiana tabacum L. Bright Yellow) accumulate a large amount of scopoletin, also known as 7-hydroxy-6-methoxycoumarin, as a glucoconjugate, scopolin, in vacuoles. We report here the molecular cloning of glucosyltransferases that can catalyze the glucosylation of many kinds of secondary metabolites including scopoletin. Two cDNAs encoding glucosyltransferase (NtGT1a and NtGT1b) were isolated from a cDNA library derived from the tobacco T-13 cell line by screening with heterologous cDNAs as a probe. The deduced amino-acid sequences of NtGT1a and NtGT1b exhibited 92% identity with each other, approximately 20-50% identities with other reported glucosyltransferases. Heterologous expression of these genes in Escherichia coli showed that the recombinant enzymes had glucosylation activity against both flavonoids and coumarins. They also strongly reacted with 2-naphthol as a substrate. These recombinant enzymes can utilize UDP-glucose as the sugar donor, but they can also utilize UDP-xylose as a weak donor. RNA blot analysis showed that these genes are induced by salicylic acid and auxin, but the time course of the expression was different. This result is similar to the changes in scopoletin glucosylation activity in these tobacco cells after addition of these plant growth regulators. These results might suggest that one of the roles of the products of these genes is scopoletin glucosylation, in response to salicylic acid and/or auxin, together with the other glucosyltransferases in tobacco cells.
Total Synthesis of (−)-Epibatidine Using an Asymmetric Diels−Alder Reaction with a Chiral N-Acylnitroso Dienophile (1998)

An asymmetric total synthesis of (−)-epibatidine (1), isolated from the skin of the Ecuadorian poison frog, Epipedobates tricolor, of the family Dendrobatidae, has been achieved by virtue of the development of asymmetric hetero Diels−Alder (D−A) cycloaddition with an N-acylnitroso dienophile bearing the optically active 8-arylmenthol as a chiral source. Thus, in situ oxidation of the hydroxamic acid ent-12f incorporating the (1S,2R,5S)-8-(2-naphthyl)menthyl auxiliary was performed using the Swern conditions to produce the acylnitroso dienophile, which reacted at once with 2-chloro-5-(1,5-cyclohexadienyl)pyridine (7) to provide the (1S,4R)-meta-aza cycloadduct 24 as a major diastereoisomer. The observed facial diastereoselectivity is consistent with a transition-state model with the naphthyl group in "stacked" position and with the acylnitroso group in the s-cis conformation, wherein π attractive interaction between the naphthyl and nitrosocarbonyl groups may contribute to facial control. Compound 24 underwent hydrogenation followed by removal of the chiral auxiliary with LiH2NBH3 and reductive cleavage of the N−O bond with Mo(CO)6 to give the amino alcohol derivative 29, which was converted to (−)-epibatidine via bromination followed by cyclization.
Enhancement of spinothalamic neuron responses to chemical and mechanical stimuli following combined micro-iontophoretic application of n-methyl-d-aspartic acid and substance P (1991)

A role for sensitization of nociceptors in the generation of primary hyperalgesia is well documented. More recent work has begun to define a role of an increased excitability of neurons within the spinal cord in the generation of secondary hyperalgesia. The present study demonstrates increased responses of primate spinothalamic neurons following co-administration of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) and substance P (SP) by micro-iontophoresis. Wide dynamic range and high threshold STT neurons in laminae I-VI showed an increased frequency of discharges following application of NMDA which was characterized by a slow onset to peak discharge rate and a slow return to background levels of discharge. Combined application of NMDA with SP resulted in an enhancement of responses to NMDA that often long outlasted the administration of SP. This increase in response of the cells to NMDA was not produced by repeated application of NMDA alone or following combined application of NMDA with an SP analog. NMDA responses were reduced or prevented in all cases by co-application of an NMDA-receptor antagonist. Finally, long-lasting potentiation of NMDA responses by SP was paralleled by enhanced responses to mechanical stimulation of skin. It is proposed that a mechanism involving the combined synaptic release of excitatory amino acids and peptides leads to secondary hyperalgesia.
Real World' Comparison of Drug-Eluting Stents vs Bare Metal Stents in the Treatment of Unselected Patients With Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (2010)

Compared to BMS, the mid- to long-term outcome was better in patients receiving DES for acute STEMI. This was driven mainly by a reduction in repeat revascularization.
Sensor calibration using nonparametric statistical characterization of error models (2006)

Calibration is the process of identifying and correcting for the systematic bias component of the error in sensor measurements. Traditionally, calibration has usually been conducted by considering a set of measurements in a single time frame and restricted to linear systems with the assumption of equal-quality sensors and single modality. The basis for the new calibration procedure is to construct a statistical error model that captures the characteristics of the measurement errors. Such an error model can be constructed either off-line or on-line. It is derived using the nonparametric kernel density estimation techniques. We propose four alternatives to make the transition from the constructed error model to the calibration model, which is represented by piecewise polynomials. In addition, statistical validation and evaluation methods such as resubstitution, is used in order to establish the interval of confidence for both the error model and the calibration model. Traces of the distance ranging measurements recorded by in-field deployed sensors are used as our demonstrative example.
Approximate searches: k-neighbors + precision (2003)

It is known that all multi-dimensional index structures fail to accelerate content-based similarity searches when the feature vectors describing images are high-dimensional. It is possible to circumvent this problem by relying on approximate search-schemes trading-off result quality for reduced query execution time. Most approximate schemes, however, provide none or only complex control on the precision of the searches, especially when retrieving the k nearest neighbors (NNs) of query points.In contrast, this paper describes an approximate search scheme for high-dimensional databases where the precision of the search can be probabilistically controlled when retrieving the k NNs of query points. It allows a fine and intuitive control over this precision by setting at run time the maximum probability for a vector that would be in the exact answer set to be missed in the approximate set of answers eventually returned. This paper also presents a performance study of the implementation using real datasets showing its reliability and efficiency. It shows, for example, that our method is 6.72 times faster than the sequential scan when it handles more than 5 106 24-dimensional vectors, even when the probability of missing one of the true nearest neighbors is below 0.01.
Achieving the Right Volume of Randomized Controlled Trials (2013)

From the Mayo Clinic, Department of Surgery, Rochester, MN. Reprints: Heidi Nelson, MD, Mayo Clinic, Department of Surgery, 200 First Street, SW, Rochester, MN 55905. E-mail: [email protected]. Disclosure: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Terahertz scanless hypertemporal imaging (2022)

Since its first demonstration in 1995, terahertz time-domain imaging has attracted an increasingly growing interest for its ability to reveal spectral fingerprints of materials, probe changes in refractive index and absorption, as well as detect the inner structure of complex objects via time-of-flight measurements. Practically, however, its widespread use has been hampered by the very long acquisition time typically required to spatially raster-scan the object and, for each spatial point, record the field in time via a delay line. Here, we address this fundamental bottleneck by implementing a scanless single-pixel imaging scheme, which sets the path for an unprecedented reduction of both system complexity and acquisition time. By properly exploiting natural wave diffraction, time-to-space encoding applied to terahertz point detection allows for an almost instantaneous capture of the terahertz waveforms, while multidimensional images are reconstructed via a computational approach. Our scheme is a promising solution for the development of next-generation fast and compact terahertz imagers perfectly suitable for high-repetition-rate laser sources.
Corrections to "Modeling of polarization mode competition in fiber DFB lasers" (1999)

The polarization hole-burning model used in the uncorrected paper contain significant errors. A corrected model, which is also valid for the high signal intensities occurring in fiber distributed feedback lasers is derived, and corrected simulation results are shown. Equations (7) and (9) in the uncorrected paper, expressing the polarization hole burning (PHB) effect, contain errors that are of significant importance for the simulation results.
Preparation and Application of Porous Polymer Microspheres in Virus-Like Particles Purification (2018)

Porous polymer microspheres have been widely used in separation and purification of drugs, which are a series of important biochemical engineering products. Formation of porous microspheres is a complex process. Microspheres with pore size below 100 nm is obtained by phase separation of polymers and porogens, while microspheres with pore size above 100 nm can be obtained by phase separation of polymers and water. The porous microspheres with different structures should be delicately designed to meet the application needs. Suspension and seeded polymerizations methods which can be used to fabricate macro-, meso- and nanoporous microspheres are reviewed. Besides, reverse micelles swelling and double emulsion methods are introduced in detail to prepare gigaporous microspheres based on our group 's research. HB-VLPs are used to prove the advantages of gigaporous microspheres in biomacromolecules purification by comparison with mesoporous microspheres.
G0800201 Development of gas flow meter to be attached to the outside of a tube using a circumferential heater (2015)

Recently, necessity of energy saving is more increasing in the industrial field with relation to energy cost increase. Measurement of steam flow rate is indispensable for a performance diagnosis and an energy solution in facilities such as factories and power plants. However, installation of sensor for steam flow is not generally enough. The industrial facilities needs to be out of operation temporarily, in the case of installation of conventional flowmeter such as orifice type and vortex type. Because steam pipes are necessary to be cut for the installation. Accordingly, clamp-on type steam flowmeter, of which installation does not require pipe-cutting, is hoped to be developed. Ultrasonic sensor has certain degree of possibility for steam flow measurement. On the other hand, there are such problems as ultrasonic inlet to a pipe and operational condition of temperature, to be solved. Therefore, we devised "heater method" for steam flow measurement. A circumferential heater is attached to the outside of a tube. Then, axial temperature distribution on the tube outside is measured. Steam velocity is analyzed on the basis of the temperature distribution, considering heat transmission in the pipe. The sensor is heat-resistant and possible to measure high temperature fluid, because it is comprised of the heater, thermocouples and insulator. It is necessary to solve physical phenomenon such as temperature boundary layer and heat transmission in the pipe in case of area heating, to develop the method. This proceeding reports measurement theory confirmation using air and steam flow rate measurement by the heater method.
[Angiotensin II and apoptosis]. (1999)

Angiotensin II (AII), the effector octapeptide of the renin-angiotensin system, exerts a multitude of actions, including vascular contraction, aldosterone secretion, catecholamine release, glycogenolysis, and decreased renal filtration. These diverse actions are mediated through AII receptor subtypes present in a variety of target tissues. Molecular cloning studies have identified two major types of mammalian AII receptors, designated AT1 and AT2, which are classified as a typical family of seven transmembrane guanyl nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein) coupled receptors from hydropathy analyses. Mainly, if not all, of the actions of AII are mediated by AT1 that has been well characterized. Recently, AT2 is found to exert growth inhibitory and proapoptotic effects, but its physiological role is still unclear. The molecular mechanism and the physiological importance of signaling pathways via these receptors remain to be elucidated.
Measurement of jet activity produced in top-quark events with an electron, a muon and two b-tagged jets in the final state in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s}=13$$ s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2017)

Measurements of jet activity in top-quark pair events produced in proton-proton collisions are presented, using 3.2 fb[Formula: see text] of <i>pp</i> collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Events are chosen by requiring an opposite-charge [Formula: see text] pair and two <i>b</i>-tagged jets in the final state. The normalised differential cross-sections of top-quark pair production are presented as functions of additional-jet multiplicity and transverse momentum, [Formula: see text]. The fraction of signal events that do not contain additional jet activity in a given rapidity region, the gap fraction, is measured as a function of the [Formula: see text] threshold for additional jets, and is also presented for different invariant mass regions of the [Formula: see text] system. All measurements are corrected for detector effects and presented as particle-level distributions compared to predictions with different theoretical approaches for QCD radiation. While the kinematics of the jets from top-quark decays are described well, the generators show differing levels of agreement with the measurements of observables that depend on the production of additional jets.
Determination of the transition point from electron accumulation to depletion at the surface of InxGa1−xN films (2018)

The variation in band bending as a function of the composition at an In <sub>x</sub> Ga<sub>1-</sub> <sub>x</sub> N surface has been investigated via photoassisted Kelvin probe force microscopy. Distinctly different trends in surface photovoltage are observed for Ga-rich alloys compared with In-rich alloys, which is explained in terms of the direction of surface band bending. With the determination of the Fermi energy level at the surface and in the bulk, the results reveal that for an In <sub>x</sub> Ga<sub>1-</sub> <sub>x</sub> N alloy, the transition from a surface electron accumulation layer for In-rich alloys to a surface electron depletion layer for Ga-rich alloys occurs at x ≈ 0.63.
Interactive Play and Learning for Children (2008)

1Mixed Reality Lab, Interactive and Digital Media Institute (IDMI), National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119077 2Graduate School of Media Design, Keio University, Kanagawa-ken 223-8522, Japan 3MIT Media Lab, School of Architecture and Planning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA 4NEC Design, Ltd., Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 141-0031, Japan
Effect of Acid–Base Interactions on Conformation of Adsorbed Polymer Chains (2015)

Sum frequency generation spectroscopy (SFG) and attenuated-total-reflection IR (ATR-IR) were used to investigate polymer adsorption on solid surfaces in CCl<sub>4</sub> (neutral), CHCl<sub>3</sub> (acidic), and acetone (basic) solvents. Fowkes showed that the adsorbed amount of the polymer from acidic and basic solvents is less than that from a neutral solvent (<i>Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev.</i> <b>1978</b>, <i>17</i>, 3-7). Here, we show that besides the differences in adsorbed amount, chains adsorbed from an acidic solvent adopted a flat conformation with a much smaller ratio of segments of loops and tails to trains compared to those adsorbed from a neutral solvent. Sapphire (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) surfaces were saturated by train segments at 1.3 × 10<sup>-5</sup> volume fraction for both CCl<sub>4</sub> and CHCl<sub>3</sub> solutions, with a large fraction of the surface sites occupied by the PMMA segments, which was different from what was expected based on Fowkes' experiment. In contrast, PMMA segments were not able to replace acetone molecules from the surface in a time period of 2 h. Surface interaction parameters alone were unable to predict the differences in conformation of chains adsorbed from acidic or neutral solvents.
Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Peserta Didik pada Mata Pelajaran PAK di SMP N 2 Banjar Agung (2023)

Dalam penulisan jurnal ini peneliti melakukan observasi di SMP N 2 Banjar Agung dan ditemukan bahwa kurangnya penguasaan guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam melakukan strategi pembelajaran, guru belum memberikan ruang yang banyak untuk peserta didik bertanya serta kurangnya minat belajar peserta didik saat mengikuti pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen. Berdasarkan masalah yang ditemukan maka peneliti merumuskan permasalahan ini dengan pertanyaan. Bagaimana penerapan strategi pembelajaran Contextual Teaching Learning dapat meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen di SMP N 2 Banjar Agung.&#x0D; Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah penerapan strategi pembelajaran Contextual Teaching Learning dapat meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen di SMP N 2 Banjar Agung.
Radio Polarization Modulation (1971)

Abstract : A theoretical analysis is given of transmission, reflection, and scatter of polarization modulated radio waves. Practical implications for communications and surveillance are discussed.
Microbial diagnostics by nucleic acid hybridization. (1986)

Recombinant DNA techniques have enabled the selection and production of any specific gene and thus allowed the development of nucleic acid hybridization techniques as diagnostic tests for microbial identification. In the hybridization reaction sample nucleic acids, rendered single stranded by denaturation, are allowed to anneal with known specific probes carrying isotopic or nonisotopic label thus enabling the homologous target sequences in samples to be identified. Several hybridization tests have been established and used for the detection of many subviral, viral, bacterial and eukaryotic pathogens, which are difficult to diagnose by other methods. The most important challenge now for the hybridization techniques is in the development of practical tests, simply and rapidly performed, with high sensitivity, automation and nonisotopic detection system.
Measuring the duration and frequency of wing beat of Musca autumnalis (Diptera: Muscidae) using a novel tether method (2013)

Abstract The wing beat frequencies (WBF) and flight durations of the face fly, Musca autumnalis De Geer (Diptera: Muscidae), were evaluated at 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, and 14 days post-eclosion. For flight tests, flies were tethered magnetically using magnetic primer paint. WBF were measured stroboscopically. The average WBF for one-day-old flies was significantly lower compared with the average WBF of all other age groups for both female and male face flies. Based on our results, male and female face flies require more than 24 hours post eclosion to reach a WBF of over 167 beats per second and continuously fly for more than 10 minutes. Age was a significant factor towards WBF. The present study is the first to report laboratory descriptions of face fly flight capabilities. The benefits of the magnetic paint tether (MagPaT) method are discussed.
Волновая функция и распределение токов вероятности связанного электрона, движущегося в однородном магнитном поле (2010)

ВОЛНОВАЯ ФУНКЦИЯ И РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ТОКОВ ВЕРОЯТНОСТИ СВЯЗАННОГО ЭЛЕКТРОНА, ДВИЖУЩЕГОСЯ В ОДНОРОДНОМ МАГНИТНОМ ПОЛЕИзучаются эффекты воздействия электромагнитных полей на нерелятивистские заряженные спинорные частицы, связанные короткодействующим потенциалом.Проведен анализ точного решения уравнения Паули для электрона, движущегося в потенциальном поле, определяемом трехмерной δ-ямой, в присутствии интенсивного магнитного поля.Получены асимптотики этого решения для различных значений параметров задачи
Characterization of microbial souring in Berea‐sand porous medium with a North Sea oil field inoculum (1996)

Microbial souring (H2S production) in porous medium was investigated in an anaerobic upflow porous medium reactor at 60°C using produced waters obtained from the North Sea Ninian oilfield as the inoculum. Multiple carbon sources commonly found in oil field waters (formate, acetate, propionate, iso‐ and n‐butyrates) with inorganic sulfate as the electron acceptor were used as the substrates. Stoichiometry and the rate of souring in the reactor column were calculated. A large proportion of H2S was trapped in the column as FeS and possibly as a gas phase. Concentration gradients for the substrates (organic acids and sulfate) and H2S were generated along the column. At steady state, the highest volumetric substrate consumption and H2S production were found at the front part (inlet) of the reactor column. The average volumetric sulfate reduction rate after H2S production had stabilized was calculated to be 203 ± 51 mg sulfate‐S.l‐1.d‐1. Comparison of the results with the authors’ previous work on the Alaska Kuparuk oilfield waters indicates that the two different microbial inocula (produced waters) exhibited the same experimental trends (rates and location) for souring in the experimental reactor system. This indicates that abiotic factors, as well as microbial parameters, may play an important role for microbial souring in the system.
Hochselektive Dreikomponentenkupplung von Ethylpropiolat mit einem Alken und Diphenyldiselenid durch Bestrahlung mit sichtbarem Licht (1999)

Genau die richtigen Radikalacceptoreigenschaften für das Abfangen von Kohlenstoffradikalen hat (PhSe)2, so daß die selektive Dreikomponentenkupplung zwischen PhSe., einem elektronenarmen Alkin und einem elektronenreichen Alken möglich wird [Gl. (1)]. Da (PhS)2 als Radikalacceptor zu schwach, (PhTe)2 dagegen zu stark ist, findet mit ihnen die Polymerisation der ungesättigten Verbindungen bzw. die Addition von (PhTe)2 an das Alkin statt.