gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Systemic Hemodynamics and Renal Function in Cirrhotic Patients during Plasma Volume Expansion (1983)

Systemic hemodynamic impairment (hepatocirculatory failure) has been suggested as one of the possible factors which may explain the renal hemodynamic alterations found in the late stage of liver cirrhosis, typical of the hepatorenal syndrome. 20 patients, divided into two groups of 10 sodium retainers and 10 sodium excretors, affected by liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension and ascites, were studied. Renal functional parameters (diuresis, urinary and plasma electrolytes, urine to plasma osmolality and creatinine ratios and creatinine clearance) were evaluated before and after acute volume expansion with 1,000 ml of 10% dextran in saline, infused through a catheter located in the right atrium. Hemodynamic tests (cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance, right atrial pressure and capillary wedge pressure) were performed before, during and after expansion. Cardiac index decreased in 6 patients (sodium excretors) after a 500-ml infusion and rose again after 1,000 ml in 5 of them. The remaining 14 patients showed a progressive and significant increase of cardiac index. A strong inverse relationship between cardiac index and systemic vascular resistance was observed (r = -0.87; p less than 0.001). The mean left-ventricular function curve showed a slow response in most sodium excretors and a normal response in the sodium-retaining group, without significant difference between the two groups. Sodium excretion significantly improved after expansion in both groups of patients. No relationship was found between hemodynamic response and renal function. These data show that cardiocirculatory function is normal, even in sodium-retaining cirrhotics.
VNF Availability and SFC Sizing Model for Service Provider Networks (2020)

This paper considers service provider network design with a view of meeting application availability. Our primary goal is to design a service provider network using disparate network components and low-availability Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) while achieving high-availability Service Function Chains (SFCs). To this end, we attempt to answer the questions as to how much redundancy, and what type of redundancy should be incorporated in the network. Initially, we model a state-of-the-art provider architecture that is spread across the access, metro-core and backbone networks with associated discrete components such as switches, routers, optical equipment and data-centers. Our network design model leads to computing the amount of over-the-top (OTT) services that can be provisioned over a given network while achieving a particular availability. To this end, we formulate a constrained optimization model whose objective is profit maximization subject to availability measures that OTT services demand. We provide constraints of robustness that facilitate traffic churn. Four heuristics are also proposed with objectives that consider the breadth of the three key impacting parameters: VNF licensing cost, server utilization and delay optimization and the case for dynamic traffic. A simulation model presents comparative data for efficiency, latency and server utilization as well as validates our optimization model. The results stress the importance of an efficient optimization model in planning the network, as well as planning VNF placement ahead in time.
AddaVax vs. Freund’s adjuvant use for animal immunization in hybridoma development (2017)

Abstract Use of a potent adjuvant is essential for stimulating a strong, antigen specific response from immunized animals. While Freund’s continues as the gold standard for use in research animals we continuously evaluate available adjuvants as part of our improvement efforts in developing mouse and rabbit hybridomas. We recently evaluated AddaVax adjuvant for use in developing a high titer, high affinity immune response. Animals were immunized with peptides or recombinant proteins emulsified with Adjulite Freund’s adjuvant or AddaVax adjuvant. Sera samples were collected following the final immunization and the antibody evaluated for titer and relative affinity. Results show that the average serum antibody titer and relative affinity for AddaVax immunized mice were equivalent to or better than that from Freund’s mice for 3/7 peptides and 5/7 recombinant proteins. Data from two proteins also suggest AddaVax animals may show binding to antigenic epitopes not recognized by Freund’s animals. Disappointingly, rabbits immunized using AddaVax adjuvant consistently developed a much weaker response vs. Freund’s. Based on results generated, we have modified our protocols to include the use of Freund’s and AddaVax when initiating new hybridoma development projects in mice.
Combining Machine Learning and Physics for Robust Optimization of Completion Design and Well Location of Unconventional Wells (2022)

Abstract Various types of predictive models have been applied over the years to make quantitative decisions for unconventional development plans. These models are either very simple (e.g., type-curves) which ignore the reservoir physics or are too complex (e.g., simulation models) to be able to run for an entire field efficiently. In this paper, we propose a model for design, prediction and optimization of unconventional wells efficiently using a combination of reservoir physics with machine learning methodologies. The proposed model is the amalgamation of the state-of-the-art in machine learning and reservoir physics into a seamless full field model. The physical model ensures that model predictions are always realistic and reliable while the machine learning algorithm allows us to utilize different types of data to make a prediction which cannot be directly integrated into the physical model. The model uses a probabilistic approach to estimate P10-P50-P90 production curves to account for uncertainty in predictions. The data from more than 1800 unconventional wells in a real field is used to train and test our proposed model. The input features are completion design parameters like lateral length, proppant concentration, well spacing, etc., and the output in a full time series of expected oil production from the well. The results show that our modelʼs prediction leads to correlations of more than 0.75 for the test set which is indicative of its good predictive accuracy. The sensitivity analysis of the parameters of the model on the cumulative production shows that volume of injection fluid, length of the lateral and the proppant concentration are among the most important parameters.
Conclusion (2014)

This is the conclusory chapter of this book, which talks about a class fraction across four cities in three nation states, and the focus is placed on this class fraction and how its members relate to their territory and collectively provided services. It focuses on managers as part of the middle classes, a historical pillar of European cities, a group likely to benefit from processes of Europeanisation and globalisation. Managers are therefore increasingly European, still in part structured by national patterns, they are also defined in urban terms, and they share some degree of transnationalisation, together with a critique of their national system. Europeans have low rates of transnational mobility. Internet and social networks are developing virtual forms of mobilities as well. The link between transnationalism and rootedness of the middle class is not particular to Europe, and one could dream of similar research in India or Mexico.
Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Institute of Chemistry of Great Britain and Ireland. Part 5. 1947 (1947)

J. Proc. R. Inst. Chem. GB Irel., 1947, 71, 197 DOI: 10.1039/RG9477100197
Performance Analysis of FLL Schemes to Track Swept Jammers in an Adaptive Notch Filter (2018)

In the field of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), jamming signals are more than ever a real threat, demanding for an increasing need of countermeasures. Among several proposed detection and mitigation methods developed for specific types of interference, the Adaptive Notch Filter (ANF) is still an attractive solution to mitigate very narrowband interference signals, for its ease of implementation, low computational cost and reduced activation time. ANFs have been widely exploited in literature, with many variations: albeit well known to be particularly effective for Continuous Wave (CW) interferes, an early proof of their suitability also against certain types of GNSS jammers has been shown. In this paper, two recently proposed Frequency Lock Loop (FLL) models to implement the adaptive capability of the ANF are considered: the standard FLL and the FLL with exponential filtering. While both have already been analyzed in the presence of CW interfering signals, with constant carrier frequency, here an evaluation in case of fast sweeping central frequency is conducted, targeting the features of some of the most common jammers detected in the GPS LI/Galileo E1 band. A comparison in terms of tracking capability and noise performance is presented. While the standard FLL shows to be able to successfully track and mitigates jamming signals, the exponential filtering FLL proves it is not up to, suffering particularly from frequency discontinuities, which commonly characterize such kind of interferers.
Stereochemistry of phosphate-Lewis acid interactions: implications for nucleic acid structure and recognition (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereochemistry of phosphate-Lewis acid interactions: implications for nucleic acid structure and recognitionRichard S. Alexander, Zoltan F. Kanyo, Lisa E. Chirlian, and David W. ChristiansonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 3, 933–937Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00159a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00159a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views334Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Altered regional 3D shear wave velocity patterns in youth competitive alpine skiers suffering from patellar tendon complaints – a prospective case–control study (2022)

Patellar tendon (PT) complaints are frequent throughout the population, with increased occurrence in athletes and, particularly, in youth competitive alpine skiers. Timely detection and treatment might improve prospects of recovery. Diagnostic modalities in clinical use to date rely on pain symptoms, manual palpation, and potentially, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); however, MRI-based imaging yields limited sensitivity. Quantitatively measuring the morphological and mechanical properties of PTs by means of B-mode ultrasound and shear wave elastography (SWE), instead, may allow improved diagnosis or even early detection. We performed B-mode scans and three-dimensional ultrasound shear wave velocity (SWV) mapping and MRI of the PT in 106 youth skiers. A prospective one-year survey on health problems combined with clinical assessments served to categorize symptomatic and asymptomatic youth skiers. Skiers suffering from distal or proximal tendon complaints showed lower SWV in the respective tendon region than asymptomatic skiers (<i>p</i> = 0.035 and <i>p</i> = 0.019, respectively). Youth skiers with distal tendon complaints additionally exhibited decreased SWV in the proximal region compared to asymptomatic counterparts (<i>p</i> = 0.020). Cross-validated analysis of retrospective prediction indicated sensitivity and specificity in detecting tendon complaints in the range of 0.606-0.621 and 0.536-0.650, respectively. MRI detected distal tendon complaints with a sensitivity of 0.410 (12/29) but failed to detect any proximal cases. This study agrees with the most recent literature in that SWE holds promise as a valuable adjunct modality for the diagnosis of PT complaints or even the detection of subclinical prestages. However, to evaluate its prospective predictive value, long-term studies are warranted.<b>Highlights</b> Patellar tendon complaints are a frequent complaint in athletes, particularly in youth competitive alpine skiers, but timely quantitative detection of related tendon properties remains challenging.Quantitative B-mode US and three-dimensional ultrasound shear wave elastography assessments and magnetic resonance imaging were performed in youth competitive alpine skiers.Three-dimensional shear wave elastography was able to discern symptomatic from asymptomatic patellar tendons both in the distal and proximal tendon regions, whereas magnetic resonance imaging failed to detect any proximal cases.
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (2000)

Superoxide is formed in a variety of processes through reaction of mo­ lecular oxygen (0 2) with reductants such as organic free radicals (la) or reduced metal ions (lb):0 2 + R# 0 2 + R (In) 0 2 + M“+ 0 2 * + M(/l+1)+ (lb)The respiratory chain of aerobic organisms is particularly susceptible to these reactions, since reduced electron transfer cofactors (quinones, flavins, iron-sulfur clusters, and cytochromes) lie exposed to dioxygen in these redox systems. In mitochondria, the cytochrome bex complex has been identified as the primary source of super oxide formation [11], a leak that allows approximately 5% of electrons in the respiratory chain to be diverted to one-electron reduction of 0 2 [12].
Breakdown Characteristics of SF6-N2 Mixture in High Nonuniform Field Gap under Pulse Voltage (1988)

The corona and breakdown characteristics of gas mixtures were investigated in a positive needle gap, using µs pulse voltage with various rise times. The breakdown voltage reached a maximum value as the rise time increased, and reduced at longer rise times. An extremely high breakdown voltage was obtained with the addition of a very small percentage of SF 6 to N 2 .
Statistics of deformations in histology and application to improved alignment with MRI (1995)

An exact registration of magnetic resonance images (MRI) with histological sections is impeded by local deformations resulting from histological preparation procedures. Therefore, it is desirable to know the probability density function of spatial deformations in order to estimate optimal global least-square transformation parameters from suitable landmarks. For this reason, the statistics of deformations is investigated. It is shown analytically that the frequency of occurrence of the absolute geometrical differences (deformations) are Rayleigh-Bessel distributed for anisotropic histological preparation procedures and Rayleigh distributed in the case of isotropic procedures. The probabilistic analysis is given in conjunction with an iterative optimization technique in order to ensure that the probability density function is within a threshold required for the application to experimental data. The application of the analytical model is investigated with real data. It is shown with this data that the extent of deformations varies with the size of the histological section. An individual threshold can be selected on the basis of a Rayleigh-function restricting local corrections to small parts of the image. Thus, global misalignment in each section can be avoided, resulting in an improved 3-D reconstruction of the volume, i.e., the transitions from one section to the next are more continuous.
Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate Variability: Time Window Matters (2019)

Spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) is a valuable tool for the assessment of cardiovascular autonomic function. Fast Fourier transform and autoregressive based spectral analysis are two most commonly used approaches for HRV analysis, while new techniques such as trigonometric regressive spectral (TRS) and wavelet transform have been developed. Short-term (on ECG of several minutes) and long-term (typically on ECG of 1-24 h) HRV analyses have different advantages and disadvantages. This article reviews the characteristics of spectral HRV studies using different lengths of time windows. Short-term HRV analysis is a convenient method for the estimation of autonomic status, and can track dynamic changes of cardiac autonomic function within minutes. Long-term HRV analysis is a stable tool for assessing autonomic function, describe the autonomic function change over hours or even longer time spans, and can reliably predict prognosis. The choice of appropriate time window is essential for research of autonomic function using spectral HRV analysis.
Immune dysregulation in TGF- beta 1-deficient mice. (1994)

Approximately 2 wk after birth, mice having a TGF-beta 1 null mutation (TGF-beta 1(-/-)) exhibit a progressive wasting syndrome and death. Associated with this phenotype is a multifocal infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages into target organs, especially the heart, lungs, and salivary glands. To explore the consequences of TGF-beta 1 deficiency on the immune system, lymphocyte phenotype and function were analyzed. Initially, lymphoid organ architecture seemed to be normal and, as symptoms developed, the thymus decreased in size, whereas lymph nodes were enlarged. Phenotypically, the TGF-beta 1(-/-) lymphoid cells seemed to be more differentiated in the thymus and activated in the lymph nodes, but remarkably unaffected in the spleen. Moreover, TGF-beta 1(-/-) spleen and lymph nodes displayed enhanced numbers of proliferating cells, as measured by proliferating cell nuclear Ag and/or cyclin-dependent kinase levels. Consistent with this hyperproliferative response, constitutive levels of IL-2 mRNA were elevated in the thymus and both IL-2 and IL-2R mRNA were increased in the lymph nodes. In contrast with the activation profile of TGF-beta 1(-/-) lymphoid cells in vivo, mitogen challenge of these cells in vitro revealed suppressed proliferation that was associated with a defect in inducible IL-2 mRNA expression and IL-2 secretion. Moreover, the addition of rIL-2 restored the deficient mitogen-induced proliferation. The mechanism leading to T cell anergy remains unclear; however, these data confirm the essential role for TGF-beta 1 in maintaining normal immune function.
Deformation of Chemically Heterogeneous Interfacial Layers of Polymer Nanocomposites (2019)

Dynamics of entangled interfacial polymer layers around nanoparticles determine the linear rheological properties of polymer nanocomposites. In this study, the nonlinear elastic properties of nanocomposites are examined under large-amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) flow to reveal the effect of interfacial chemical heterogeneity on the deformation mechanism of polymer-grafted and polymer-adsorbed nanoparticle composites. Adsorbed-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) layers presented stronger interfacial stiffening and reinforcement than PMMA-grafted layers. Chemical heterogeneities of interfacial layers, provided by polymer-adsorbed and low graft density particles, deformed at smaller strains than the poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) matrix. Interfaces of loosely bound PMMA and PEO exhibited stiffening at low strains due to the enhanced chain mixing and entanglements. These results demonstrate that chemical and dynamic heterogeneities in interfacial layers have significant importance in designing adaptive polymer nanocomposites for large shear deformation.
TechMatters: Hear the Librarian Go Tweet, Tweet, Tweet: an introduction to Twitter (Part II) (2009)

Perhaps the best way to get a handle on how Twitter works, and to determine whether or not it is a tool you want to use in your library, is to simply setup an account and start to explore. To get started, just navigate to the Twitter home page (http://twitter.com) and click on the prominent green button labeled “Sign up now.” As you will see in Figure 1, you only need to provide a name, username, password, and e-mail address to setup an account. The username, which needs to be unique, is used to form part of the URL for your profile page, so if you are setting up an account for your organization you will probably want to use the name of your library as the username.
Dearomatization of Benzene, Deamidization of N,N-Dimethylformamide, and a Versatile New Tungsten π Base (2003)

The first group VI η2-coordinated benzene complex, TpW(NO)(PMe3)(η2-benzene), is reported. The bound arene is activated toward Diels−Alder cycloaddition, and substitution of the arene with DMF yields a rare example of a η2-coordinated amide.
RAVEN regression tests' description (2021)

REGRESSION TESTS DOCUMENTATION. Regression tests for the Python RAVEN framework are found in raven/tests/framework. There is a hierarchy of folders with tests collected by similar testing. Every test is described in a special XML node (< TestInfo >) within the < Simulation > block.
Synthesis of the Conjugated Tetraene Acid Side Chain of Mycolactone E by Suzuki–Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Alkenyl Boronates (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2/2014) (2014)

The cover picture shows a snapshot of the landscape of Ninghai in the east coast of China. The cross-coupling reaction of a trisubstituted alkenyl bromide with a trisubstituted alkenyl boronate proceeds smoothly with a Pd(OAc)2–Aphos-Y catalyst system under conditions (35 °C, THF/H2O, K3PO4�3H2O) similar to the natural surrounding environment. The hemilabile Aphos-Y ligand is known to form P,O-chelating and P-monodentate complexes with palladium(0) and palladium(II) species, which facilitate various steps in the catalytic cycle. The mild coupling conditions, without the use of a highly toxic TlI base, renders the Pd(OAc)2–Aphos-Y catalyst system promising for polyene natural product total synthesis. Details are discussed in the article by Y. Wang and W.-M. Dai on p. 323 ff.
Aggrecan: A New Biomarker for Acute Thoracic Aortic Dissection (2021)

Objectives: Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) is a life-threatening situation associated with significant morbidity and mortality. After onset of symptoms patients exhibit a subsequent mortality rate of 1 to 2% per hour if no surgical intervention ensues. Hence, an early and unambiguous diagnosis of ATAAD may decrease the time span until surgical intervention which would improve patients´ survival. Therefore, we investigated whether Aggrecan (ACAN) could serve as a reliable biomarker for diagnosing ATAAD.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Catalytic Hydroboration of Propargylic Species Using Cu(I)‐NHC Complexes. (2013)

Abstract The reaction course, i.e.