gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Status of Test-Accelerator as Coherent THz Source (t-ACTS) at ELPH, Tohoku University (2019)

A test-Accelerator as Coherent Terahertz Source (t-ACTS) has been under development at the Research Center for Electron Photon Science (ELPH), Tohoku University, in which an intense coherent terahertz radiation is generated from the femtosecond electron pulses. Velocity bunching scheme in a traveling accelerating structure is employed to generate femtosecond electron pulses, and the generation of femtosecond electron pulses was confirmed by spectrum analysis of coherent transition radiation using Michelson interferometer. Coherent transition radiation and coherent undulator radiation in the terahertz (THz) region from the short electron pulses has been demonstrated, and their characteristics such as frequency spectrum, spatial distribution and polarization were measured and compared with theoretical calculations. We have succeeded to generate the coherent transition radiation up to approximately 5 THz and the coherent undulator radiation with narrow bandwidth from 2.6 to 3.4 THz. At present, development of a variable polarized THz light source using a crossed-undulator system is being carried out. In addition, we are developing a nondestructive beam monitor using Cherenkov radiation emitted from the electron pulses. The status of t-ACTS will be presented in this conference.
Broadband negative group delay networks forcompensation of microwave oscillators and filters (2000)

The design of distributed broadband negative group delay circuits operating from 3 to 6 GHz with negative group delays of around 50 ps are described. These circuits are designed using LCR prototypes which are then converted to printed transmission line structures. The parameters affecting the value and bandwidth of the group delay are discussed.
Coprocessor design for multilayer surface-mounted PCB routing (1993)

The authors present the issues involved in the design of a special-purpose processing array system, called HAM, which accelerates computationally intensive wire routing tasks. It is especially suited for double-sided surface-mounted boards, which require complex three-dimensional search operations over multiple wiring planes. The novel features of the design include a hexagonal interconnection scheme to improve workload distributions during multilayer concurrent search operations and the VLSI custom design of the processors. Particular emphasis has been placed on the demands of maze routing. A cell-address propagation scheme, which is quite different from the traditional grid-coordinate approach, is discussed. It provides rapid lookup of pertinent routing information and can be extended to any distributed memory multiprocessor system. A global pipelining scheme of cell updates and expands is discussed. Experimental results are presented relating the speedup to various criteria for two different modes of parallel wave propagation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
“Will My Risk Parity Strategy Outperform?”: Author Response (2013)

This material comments on “‘Will My Risk Parity Strategy Outperform?’: A Comment” (March/April 2013).
Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase Deficiency (1979)

The biochemical features of two families with purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency are compared. Laboratory studies and an evaluation of kinetic and physical properties of erythrocyte purine nucleoside phosphorylase give evidence that a) the degree of abnormality in uric acid and nucleoside concentrations in plasma and urine reflect the severity of the enzymatic deficiency and b) structural alterations of the mutant enzymes result from structural gene mutations and demonstrate genetic heterogeneity in the disease purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency.
Using postoperative SNOT-22 to help predict the probability of revision sinus surgery (2016)

Background: There is a need to develop a patient-level strategy to identify those at higher risk of requiring revision ESS since this may assist clinicians in tailoring their postoperative management. This study evaluated whether identifying changes in the post- operative 22-item Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) can help identify patients at increased risk of needing revision sinus surgery for refractory chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Methods: 668 CRS patients undergoing primary ESS with complete 60-month follow-up were evaluated in this prospective, longitudinal cohort study. Outcomes were evaluated in an unselected cohort and a low-risk cohort, which was comprised of patients without a history of asthma or aspirin sensitivity. Results: Failing to achieve an improvement of greater than one minimal clinically important difference (MCID; 9 points) at 3 months after primary ESS and a deterioration of greater than one MCID (ie. &gt;9 points) from the 3- to 12-month follow-up periods was associated with an increased risk of revision ESS in both the unselected and low-risk CRS cohorts. Conclusion: Outcomes from this study suggest that identifying MCID changes in the SNOT-22 score within 12 months after primary ESS can identify patients at increased risk for needing revision surgery.
A one-pot sol–gel process to prepare a superhydrophobic and environment-resistant thin film from ORMOSIL nanoparticles (2014)

A graphical abstract is available for this content
Longitudinal study on background lesions in broiler breeder flocks and their progeny, and genomic characterisation of Escherichia coli (2022)

Abstract In broiler breeders, background mortality is rarely addressed, however, it represents the death of a vast number of birds, a constant productivity loss, welfare concerns and it might affect chick quality. The study aimed to unveil lesions leading to mortality in a study population perceived as healthy, combined with whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of Escherichia coli , a well-known contributor to disease problems in poultry. Broiler breeders ( n = 340) originating from three distinct, putative healthy flocks and their progeny ( n = 154) were subjected to a comprehensive post-mortem examination, bacteriological sampling, and sequencing of 77 E. coli isolates. Productivity data confirmed an exemplary health status of the enrolled flocks, and post-mortem examination further verified the absence of general disease problems. Among the submitted broiler breeders, exudative peritonitis (31.2%) was the most frequent lesion linked to infectious disease, whereas airsacculitis, pericarditis, perihepatitis, and salpingitis occurred in 18.5%, 3.5%, 3.8% and 17%, respectively. Yolksacculitis occurred in 15.6% of the broilers, whilst pericarditis, perihepatitis and peritonitis were diagnosed in 9.7%, 7.1% and 9.1%, respectively. WGS revealed a diverse population where ST95 dominated the population retrieved from broiler breeders, whereas ST10 was highly prevalent among broilers. Both lineages could be isolated from extraintestinal sites of birds without lesions indicative of infection. In general, the genetic diversity within flocks was comparable to the diversity between farms, and the overall occurrence of resistance markers was low. In conclusion, a comprehensive insight into lesions associated with background mortality is presented, together with a vast diversity of E. coli isolated from extraintestinal sites during a non-outbreak situation.
Whole-Genome Sequencing Identifies Emergence of a Quinolone Resistance Mutation in a Case of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Bacteremia (2015)

Whole-genome sequences for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia serial isolates from a bacteremic patient before and after development of levofloxacin resistance were assembled de novo and differed by one single-nucleotide variant in smeT, a repressor for multidrug efflux operon smeDEF. Along with sequenced isolates from five contemporaneous cases, they displayed considerable diversity compared against all published complete genomes. Whole-genome sequencing and complete assembly can conclusively identify resistance mechanisms emerging in S. maltophilia strains during clinical therapy.
Arthrobotrys nonseptata, a new anamorph from an Orbilia species (2009)

Volume: 109
Characterization of the active centers in the cationic polymerization of p‐substituted α‐methylstyrenes (1988)

Abstract Polymer tacticity, molecular weight and molecular weight distribution were used as the basis for characterizing the type of active centers present in the cationic polymerization α‐methylstyrene monomers. The affect of reaction solvent polarity and the resonance effects of para‐substituents were used to deduce the nature of, and changes in, the ion pair character of the carbocation active center. For this purpose, the polymer yield, tacticity and molecular weight parameters were determined in the cationic polymerization reactions of p‐chloro and p‐fluoro‐α‐methylstyrene. The dielectric constant of the reaction medium was varied by using mixtures of methylene chloride and either hexane, a non‐solvent for the polymers, or toluene, a good solvent for the polymers. For both solvent systems, the yields and molecular weights of the polymers from both of the monomers were strongly effected by reaction time and solvent composition. Also, for both monomers, tacticity did not change with reaction time, and for the p‐fluoro monomer tacticity was constant with changes in reaction solvent composition in both mixed solvent systems. In contrast, the tacticities of the polymers from the p‐chloro monomer decreased with increasing amounts of the non‐polar solvent in the mixture. The tacticity effects induced by reaction solvent changes are interpreted on the basis of the electronic effects of the para‐substituents on changing the ion pair character of the carbocation active center. The effect of solvent composition on polymer yield and molecular weight may be a function of changes in the rates of initiation, propagation and monomer transfer, with the latter two also determined by the ion pair character of the carbocation active end group.
Injured brain endothelial cells release neurotoxic thrombin (2004)

The multifunctional serine protease thrombin has been shown to be neurotoxic in vitro and in vivo and is demonstrable in the Alzheimer disease (AD) brain. We have documented that in AD the cerebral microvasculature is a source of inflammatory and neurotoxic proteins. The objective of this study was to determine if injured brain endothelial cells could be a source of neurotoxic thrombin. Brain endothelial cells were incubated with either sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 10 microM), inflammatory proteins (IL-1beta, IL-6, TNFalpha, LPS, IFNgamma) or the PKC inhibitor bisindolymaleimide (1 microM) for 24 h and conditioned media collected. Endothelial cell conditioned medium was incubated with purified apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4) for 24 h, and then analyzed for neurotoxic activity against primary cortical cultures and for apoE4 fragments by western blot. Endothelial cell conditioned medium collected after treatment with either SNP, inflammatory proteins, or the PKC inhibitor bisindolymaleimide, demonstrated a significant (p < 0.005) level of thrombin activity, the presence of apoE4 fragments, and was capable of evoking neuronal cell death. These data demonstrate that endothelial cell injury results in thrombin release and suggest that the brain microcirculation could be a source of neurotoxic factors in AD.
Advances in Arabic broadcast news transcription at RWTH (2007)

This paper describes the RWTH speech recognition system for Arabic. Several design aspects of the system, including cross-adaptation, multiple system design and combination, are analyzed. We summarize the semi-automatic lexicon generation for Arabic using a statistical approach to grapheme-to-phoneme conversion and pronunciation statistics. Furthermore, a novel ASR-based audio segmentation algorithm is presented. Finally, we discuss practical approaches for parallelized acoustic training and memory efficient lattice rescoring. Systematic results are reported on recent GALE evaluation corpora.
Iterative reconstruction for quantitative computed tomography analysis of emphysema: consistent results using different tube currents (2015)

The extent of emphysema was more consistent across different tube currents when CT scans were converted to CT images using AIDR3D than using a conventional filtered-back projection method.
Pleading: Admission of Genuineness and Due Execution of Written Instruments by Failure to File a Verified Denial: California Code of Civil Procedure Sections 447 and 448 (1941)

E. W. R., Pleading: Admission of Genuineness and Due Execution of Written Instruments by Failure to File a Verified Denial: California Code of Civil Procedure Sections 447 and 448, California Law Review, Vol. 29, No. 2 (Jan., 1941), pp. 254-258
Machining of polystyrene by UV laser radiation for patch clamping device fabrication (2008)

Laser patterning is of interest for MST applications; direct ablation of polymer material for generating 2D and 3D shapes such as microfluidic channels, curved shapes or micro-holes and alternatively photo-induced change of chemical or physical surface properties. Correct laser choice and process parameters enables new approaches for the fabrication of lab-on-chip devices with integrated functionalities. Laser-assisted ablation and modification of polystyrene (PS) is introduced with respect to the fabrication of polymer devices for high throughput planar patch clamping - a method of measuring the electrical activity of a cell currently a focus for high throughput systems (HTS). There are currently no marketed systems using novel materials that have surface modifications for either individual cell placement, or for dealing with cell networks, a physiologically important consideration for tissue engineering and understanding cell to cell interactions. Within 4M, a design jointly proposed by FZK and Cranfield University for the fabrication of a polymer patch clamping system, laser micro-drilling of PS and subsequent surface functionalisation for cell adhesion has been investigated as a function of laser and process parameters. High power ArF laser with a pulse of 20 ns as well as high repetition ArF excimer laser sources with pulse lengths of 4-6 ns were used in order to study the influence of laser pulse length on laser drilling and laser induced surface modification. Micro-drilling of PS with diameters down to 1.5 µm have been demonstrated. Furthermore, localized formation of chemical structures suitable for improved single cell and cell network adhesion has been achieved on PS surfaces.
Phase 2, randomized, open-label study on catheter-directed thrombolysis with plasmin versus rtPA and placebo in acute peripheral arterial occlusion (2019)

<b>Background:</b> Patients with acute peripheral arterial occlusion (aPAO) are candidates for operative thrombectomy, bypass, or catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) using a plasminogen activator. Human plasma-derived plasmin may offer another CDT option. <b>Objectives:</b> To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of two intrathrombus delivery methods and two doses of plasmin compared with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) and placebo in patients with aPAO. <b>Patients/methods:</b> This was a phase 2, randomized, open-label study of intra-arterial CDT of plasmin in patients with aPAO. The study used infusion catheters with or without balloon occlusion (BOC) to evaluate 150 mg plasmin (2 and 5 h post-infusion) and 250 mg plasmin (5 h post-infusion). The efficacy of plasmin, rtPA and placebo was assessed. <b>Results:</b> One hundred and seventy-four subjects were enrolled. Overall, the thrombolytic efficacy (>50% thrombolysis) was 59% (58/99) for 150 mg plasmin without BOC, which is comparable to 89% (8/9) for rtPA without BOC (<i>p</i> = 0.149) and 40% (2/5) for placebo control (<i>p =</i> 0.648). The thrombolytic efficacy was 33% of the 250 mg plasmin group. There was no difference (<i>p</i> > 0.999) in thrombolytic efficacy with BOC (59%, 58/99) or without BOC (59%, 17/29). Plasmin-treated groups experienced treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) at 71% (76/107) without BOC and 63% (24/38) with BOC; 78% (7/9) of the rtPA-treated group and 89% (8/9) of the placebo group had TEAEs. Serious AEs (SAEs) occurred in 29% (31/107) of the 150 mg plasmin group without BOC and 24% (9/38) with BOC. No SAEs occurred in the 250 mg plasmin group. <b>Conclusions:</b> Plasmin demonstrated less bleeding during catheter-directed administration at 150 mg and 250 mg doses compared to rtPA. BOC utilization did not improve efficacy. CDT with plasmin has a potential thrombolytic benefit in patients presenting with aPAO. <b>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:</b> NCT01222117.
Measurement of complex joint trajectories using slice-to-volume 2D/3D registration and cine MR (2010)

A method for studying the in vivo kinematics of complex joints is presented. It is based on automatic fusion of single slice cine MR images capturing the dynamics and a static MR volume. With the joint at rest the 3D scan is taken. In the data the anatomical compartments are identified and segmented resulting in a 3D volume of each individual part. In each of the cine MR images the joint parts are segmented and their pose and position are derived using a 2D/3D slice-to-volume registration to the volumes. The method is tested on the carpal joint because of its complexity and the small but complex motion of its compartments. For a first study a human cadaver hand was scanned and the method was evaluated with artificially generated slice images. Starting from random initial positions of about 5 mm translational and 12&deg; rotational deviation, 70 to 90 % of the registrations converged successfully to a deviation better than 0.5 mm and 5&deg;. First evaluations using real data from a cine MR were promising. The feasibility of the method was demonstrated. However we experienced difficulties with the segmentation of the cine MR images. We therefore plan to examine different parameters for the image acquisition in future studies.
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization therapy in combination strategy with lenvatinib in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (TACTICS-L) in Japan: Final analysis. (2022)

417 Background: Treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) include surgical resection, percutaneous ablation therapy, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), and liver transplantation, etc., and TACE is indicated for unresectable HCC (uHCC) that is not eligible for curative therapy. Combination therapy with TACE and molecular targeted agents has been reported to have higher antitumor efficacy than respective monotherapies. This study aims to evaluate safety and efficacy of combination of TACE and lenvatinib in uHCC patients. Methods: Phase II, prospective, multicenter, single-arm study was conducted in 19 Japanese sites. Lenvatinib was administered orally once daily for 14 to 21 days prior to TACE at a dose of 12 mg (body weight ≥60 kg) or 8 mg (&lt; 60 kg). The first TACE was performed after a 2-day lenvatinib withdrawal period. This combination therapy was repeated until the time to untreatable progression (TTUP). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included TTUP, objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), and safety. Results: Between February 2019 and April 2020, 62 patients were enrolled. Median age was 72.0 years (&lt; 65 years, 13 [21.0%]; ≥65 years, 49 [79.0%]). Number of patients with Child-Pugh score 5 and 6 was 51 (82.3%) and 11 (17.7%); Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status 0 and 1 was 59 (95.2%) and 3 (4.8%); and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage A and B was 25 (40.3%) and 37 (59.7%). The number of previous TACE procedures was 0 in 35 patients (56.5%) and 1 to 3 in 27 patients (43.5%). The estimated median PFS, OS, and TTUP were more than 2 years. The ORR was 88.7% (90% CI 79.8 – 94.6 with complete response (CR) rate of 66.1%). Treatment emergent adverse events (AEs) occurred in 98.4% of patients, and the most common AEs were hypothyroidism (58.1%), hypertension (53.2%), decreased appetite (50.0%), and fatigue (48.4%). Grade 3 and 4 AEs occurred in 71.0% and 4.8%, and serious AEs occurred in 40.3%. One death not causally related to the protocol treatment was observed. Conclusions: In this final analysis, the combination of TACE and lenvatinib showed promising therapeutic efficacy in patients with uHCC. No new safety signal was observed. Future phase III studies are required to validate this combination therapy. Clinical trial information: jRCTs031180074.
Compliance monitoring for assisted living using mobile platforms (2007)

Patient compliance -- i.e. the accuracy and timeliness of following therapeutical instructions -- is one of the key factors of success (or failure) in all long term treatments such as those of chronic illnesses. This paper describes a novel approach based on mobile Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) platforms to improve compliance levels. Specifically, we developed and demonstrated two technical solutions attempting to hide technology as much as possible in order not to interfere with their daily activities. Our first approach employs an ultra mobile personal computer (UMPC), which blends neatly into the home environment, and delivers integrated functionality including physiological and mental monitoring, mood assessment, physical and relaxation exercises, and communication with the doctor and members of the family. The second approach offers a lightweight solution requiring only a modern, 3G capable mobile phone, which nonetheless delivers a significant segment of the above functions. Both solutions attempt to improve compliance by negotiating the progress of the treatment with a central medical database that not only stores measured data, but employs rules to follow and enforce protocols, by continuously informing the user about the necessary steps to take in order to remain on schedule.
LightPainter: Interactive Portrait Relighting with Freehand Scribble (2023)

Recent portrait relighting methods have achieved realistic results of portrait lighting effects given a desired lighting representation such as an environment map. However, these methods are not intuitive for user interaction and lack precise lighting control. We introduce LightPainter, a scribble-based relighting system that allows users to interactively manipulate portrait lighting effect with ease. This is achieved by two conditional neural networks, a delighting module that recovers geometry and albedo optionally conditioned on skin tone, and a scribble-based module for relighting. To train the relighting module, we propose a novel scribble simulation procedure to mimic real user scribbles, which allows our pipeline to be trained without any human annotations. We demonstrate high-quality and flexible portrait lighting editing capability with both quantitative and qualitative experiments. User study comparisons with commercial lighting editing tools also demonstrate consistent user preference for our method.