gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nitrosoglutathione Promotes Flap Survival via Suppression of Reperfusion Injury-Induced Superoxide and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Induction (2004)

Background: Evidence suggests that failure of flap reconstruction is related to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-mediated endothelial damage. Using a rat inferior epigastric artery flap as an I/R injury model, we investigated whether administration of nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), an exogenous nitric oxide (NO) donor, can scavenge superoxide and promote flap survival. Methods: Thirty minutes before flap reperfusion, normal saline, N-acetylcysteine (75 and 150 mg/kg), or GSNO (0.2 and 0.6 mg/kg) was randomly injected into 10 rats. Superoxide, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, NO synthase (NOS) isoforms, and 3-nitrotyrosine expression in the pedicle vessels as well as survival areas of the flaps were evaluated. Results: I/R injury induced superoxide production, NF-κB activation, and inducible NOS (iNOS) expression in the pedicle vessels. GSNO significantly inhibited superoxide production and suppressed NF-κB activation, iNOS induction, and 3-nitrotyrosine expression, but up-regulated endothelial NOS expression in the flap vessels. Optimal doses of both GSNO (0.6 mg/kg) and N-acetylcysteine (150 mg/kg) effectively promoted flap survival area (p < 0.001), although there was no significant difference between both groups. Conclusion: Exogenous NO donation by GSNO can scavenge superoxide and suppress iNOS induction, resulting in better flap survival after prolonged ischemia.
Numerical Study on Femtosecond Pulse Compression by Induced Phase Modulation with Group-Velocity Dispersion Effects (1990)

We report the practical evaluation of the compression in a dispersive single-mode fiber of a weak, femtosecond pulse by its interaction with a longer, intense, phase-modulating pulse. Our numerical analysis takes into account the group-velocity dispersion, unavoidable in real fibers, which affects the chirp linearity and hence the extent of compression attainable. We show that, even in the absence of matching of the pulse group velocities, a weak 50-fs pulse of any wavelength between 315 and 800 nm can be compressed from 18.5 to 6.8-fs by a 100-fs, 250-kW pulse at 630 nm. When the group velocities are matched, this compression is superior to that attainable by the less flexible, conventional self-phase modulation technique. In addition, it is shown that a weak, femtosecond near-infrared pulse propagating in the anomalous dispersion region can be compressed by fiber propagation alone, almost without being influenced by group velocity mismatching.
The IBM expressive speech synthesis system (2004)

This paper introduces the IBM Expressive Speech Synthesis system. We describe recent work in improving the quality of our baseline text-to-speech system as well as extending our capabilities to generate expressive synthetic speech. We present results showing improved base quality, especially for sentences drawn from a limited domain. We also demonstrate our ability to convey good news and bad news, produce contrastive emphasis, and ask a question appropriately. In order to facilitate access to the expressive capabilities, we use some of our proposed extensions to the Speech Synthesis Markup Language (SSML).
A dual-functional monomer having an epoxy and methacrylate group for holographic recording (2008)

Photopolymer films containing a dual functional monomer, 2-(oxiranylmethoxy)ethyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate (OEMP), were explored for holographic recording media. OEMP showed high photosensitivity to visible light in the presence of a sensitizer and photoinitiator by the dual polymerization at the methacrylate and epoxide unit. The content of OEMP in the photopolymer films for holographic recording was critical to high optical quality and diffraction of these photopolymer films. With 40 wt% of OEMP the photopolymer film showed a diffraction efficiency of 90% with high sensitivity up to 3.5 × 10−5 cm2mJ−1. The recording stability was longer than 180 days.
Alcohol and high-density lipoproteins. (1980)

High-density lipoproteins (HDL) have been shown to be negatively associated with coronary heart disease; some epidemiologic evidence also suggests that alcohol may protect against coronary heart disease, but other evidence shows the opposite. Alcohol ingestion and even alcoholism may be associated with higher serum HDL levels, but the levels tend to return to normal within 2 weeks with abstinence from alcohol. The relation between HDL and alcoholism, however, is complex, since in addition to alcohol itself several other factors have to be considered. Liver disease and cigarette smoking tend to decrease the serum HDL level in alcoholic persons, while certain hormonal and nutritional influences and the concomitant use of other microsomal-enzyme-inducing drugs may lead to increased HDL levels. On balance, while alcohol per se may increase the serum HDL level, alcoholism--particularly alcoholic liver disease--probably negates the HDL-related protection against coronary heart disease.
Structure, luminescence property and energy transfer behavior of color-adjustable La5Si2BO13:Ce3+,Mn2+ phosphors (2014)

A series of color-adjustable phosphors La5Si2BO13(LSBO):Ce3+,Mn2+ were synthesized through a high temperature solid-state method. The crystal structures of Ce3+ and Mn2+ doped La5Si2BO13 phosphors were refined by the Rietveld method, which were proved to be the apatite-type hexagonal phase (space group of P63/m). It was found that two different La3+ sites in the La5Si2BO13 phase were occupied evenly by Ce3+ and Mn2+ ions, and then the formed vacancy contributed to the charge compensation. La5Si2BO13:Ce3+,Mn2+ phosphors exhibited a broad excitation band ranging from 250 to 375 nm and two broad emission bands centred at 418 nm and 585 nm upon 345 nm excitation. It is found that the emission colors could be tuned from blue-violet (0.1629, 0.0523) to pink (0.3227, 0.1830) by changing the ratio of Ce3+/Mn2+. Moreover, the energy transfer mechanism was verified to be the dipole–dipole interaction, and the critical distance was calculated to be 10.02 Å by using the concentration quenching method.
BUSIFusion: Blind Unsupervised Single Image Fusion of Hyperspectral and RGB Images (2023)

Hyperspectral images (HSIs) provide rich spectral information that has been widely used in numerous computer vision tasks. However, their low spatial resolution often prevents their use in applications such as image segmentation and recognition. Fusing low-resolution HSIs with high-resolution RGB images to reconstruct high-resolution HSIs has attracted great research attention recently. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised blind fusion network that operates on a single HSI and RGB image pair and requires neither known degradation models nor any training data. Our method takes full advantage of an unrolling network and coordinate encoding to provide a state-of-the-art HSI reconstruction. It can also estimate the degradation parameters relatively accurately through the neural representation and implicit regularization of the degradation model. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method both in simulations and in our real experiments. The proposed method outperforms other state-of-the-art nonblind and blind fusion methods on two popular HSI datasets. Our related code and data is available at <uri xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">https://github.com/CPREgroup/Real-Spec-RGB-Fusion</uri> .
Current Reduction Method for Dual Active Bridge Converter in Non-linear Dead-time Compensation Method (2020)

This paper proposes a control method for a dual active bridge (DAB) converter, which achieves both a reduction in the non-linear transmission power error due to the dead-time and a reduction in the inductor current with a three-level operation. The non-linear transmission power error is compensated by designing a zero current period in the inductor current with the three-level operation. In addition, an inductor current reduction method for the three-level operation is also proposed. In the non-linear transmission power error compensation method, the inductor current is reduced by suppressing the circulating current by considering the zero-current period to be the dead-time. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed using a 2.0-kW prototype. The experimental results show that the transmission power error is reduced by up to 85.1%. In addition, the inductor current is reduced by up to 64.1% and the loss is reduced by up to 58.6%. Moreover, the DC offset is eliminated by utilizing the voltage polarity reverse phenomenon in the voltage control.
Speed Sensorless Vector Control Method of Induction Motor Including A Low Speed Region (2000)

In the recent years, many speed sensorless control method with adaptive observer of induction motor have been developed. The feedback gain of observer is designed from the responsive viewpoint of the error convergence. When we drive induction motor in the low speed region with each method, the control characteristic is deteriorated. In this paper, we give the design of the speed sensorless adaptive flux observer in the low speed region and propose speed sensorless vector control system with it from the stable viewpoint of the error convergence. And we show experimental results of this method.
Protocol for Assaying CTL Activity Against Toxoplasma gondii (1993)

Tachyzoites of the ts-4 strain of T. gondii are maintained by in vitro passage in human foreskin fibroblasts at 33°C. T. gondii soluble antigens (STAg) are prepared from parasites obtained by peritoneal lavage, 3 days after infection of Swiss Webster mice with 5–10 × 106 RH strain tachyzoites. Tachyzoites are concentrated by centrifugation (1500 × g, 10 min) and repeatedly sonicated until no intact parasites remain. After centrifugation at 10,000 × g for 30 min, the supernatant is collected, dialyzed against PBS, and stored at −80°C.
Interferons: From Virus Inhibitor to Modulator of Amino Acid and Lipid Metabolism (1987)

Purity of interferons has facilitated definition of pleiotropic biological effects. Alterations that might be suspect with use of impure interferons, such as those occurring in tryptophan and lipoprotein metabolism, have been defined both in vitro and in humans. Reduction in tryptophan contributes to antimicrobial effects for intracellular pathogens and may explain some clinical observations. Decreases in plasma lipoproteins occur rapidly and are of a magnitude similar to cholesterol-lowering drugs used clinically. Alteration in metabolism of amino acids and fats substantially extends the biological effects of a virus-inhibitory protein.
Drop simulation and experimental validation of TFT-LCD monitors (2004)

The study aims at developing a reliable procedure for evaluating the performance of TFT-LCD monitors in drop circumstances. The effective simulation model is completed by comparing with experimental validation. Additionally, three component-modification proposals are verified to prevent: (1) the detachment of TFT-LCD and housing modules; (2) the plastic deformation of the top plastic housing; and (3) the plastic deformation on the fastening point of the TFT-LCD module and bottom plastic housing, for fulfilling the IEC drop-test regulations.
Catalyst development program for hydrodesulfurization and liquefaction of coal to produce clean boiler fuels. Quarterly report, September 1977--November 1977 (1978)

Twenty-five catalyst screening runs have been completed for a total of 61. Eighteen new catalysts were evaluated, including: 7 NiMo/alumina extrudates with varied pore structure, 5 NiW/alumina extrudates with varied metals content and pore structure, 5 variations on HT-500 NiMo with differences in Mo level and preparation technique, and 1 CoMo extrudate from a lot used in H-Coal pilot plant tests. All the runs were carried out with tetralin as the coal solvent, and operating conditions and procedures were the same as those described in earlier reports. GC analyses are now routinely made on both the distillate obtained during the product workup and the hydrocarbon layer in the high-pressure separator. The ratio of decalin/naphthalene in the two liquids is a consistent measure of the state of hydrogenation of the solvent. GC analysis of the effluent gas stream has been discontinued because it did not reflect differences among catalysts. Data are complete for all coal tar vehicle run and 23 tetralin runs. Results show an internal consistency which supports the finding of differences among catalysts. Three duplicate runs illustrate good reproducibility of the several variables which measure catalyst activity. There is a strong indication that, with minor exceptions, all measures of catalytic activity tend to correlate with each other: S and N removal, yield of ''oil,'' hydrogen addition to the coal, and solvent hydrogenation. NiW catalysts appear to be less active than NiMo by each measure of activity. CoMo catalysts are closer to NiMo except that they bring about less solvent hydrogenation than NiMo.
p62/SQSTM1 Enhances NOD2-Mediated Signaling and Cytokine Production through Stabilizing NOD2 Oligomerization (2013)

NOD2 is a cytosolic pattern-recognition receptor that senses muramyl dipeptide of peptidoglycan that constitutes the bacterial cell wall, and plays an important role in maintaining immunological homeostasis in the intestine. To date, multiple molecules have shown to be involved in regulating NOD2 signaling cascades. p62 (sequestosome-1; SQSTM1) is a multifaceted scaffolding protein involved in trafficking molecules to autophagy, and regulating signal cascades activated by Toll-like receptors, inflammasomes and several cytokine receptors. Here, we show that p62 positively regulates NOD2-induced NF-κB activation and p38 MAPK, and subsequent production of cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α. p62 associated with the nucleotide binding domain of NOD2 through a bi-directional interaction mediated by either TRAF6-binding or ubiquitin-associated domains. NOD2 formed a large complex with p62 in an electron-dense area of the cytoplasm, which increased its signaling cascade likely through preventing its degradation. This study for the first time demonstrates a novel role of p62 in enhancing NOD2 signaling effects.
Combination of a Discrete Event Simulation and an Analytical Performance Analysis through Model-Transformations (2010)

This paper presents a method for the complementation of a discrete event simulation with an analytical performance prediction approach to improve performance related decision support for business processes. This is enabled by the transformation of non-hierarchical tool independent performance models into hierarchical models of the analytical approach FMC-QE (Fundamental Modeling Concepts for Quantitative Evaluation), through a series of graph transformations. The method employs the so called Model-Driven Performance Engineering (MDPE) architecture. This architecture permits generation of input for different kinds of performance analysis tools, such as tools for discrete event simulations, via ``pushing-a-button''. While FMC-QE delivers a time efficient analytical performance evaluation mechanism with approximations for non-product form problems, discrete event simulations support models with arbitrary complex control flow structures at the cost of longer execution times. Therefore, we propose to employ the analytical approach for a sensitivity analysis, combined with simulations for detailed what-if questions and process optimizations. This approach is evaluated based on an industrial case study.
Pressure-flow relationships of endotracheal tubes during high-frequency ventilation (1985)

We studied the pressure-flow relationships of various endotracheal tubes (ETT) at frequencies (f) and tidal volumes (VT) in the range used for high-frequency ventilation (HFV) (f: 2-32 Hz, VT: 15-100 ml). Sinusoidal flows were applied to ETT inserted into a rigid bottle or into the tracheae of three anesthetized paralyzed dogs, while pressure fluctuations were measured both proximal and distal to the ETT. The pressure drops in the ETT were nonlinearly related to the peak flow rate and were VT dependent, suggesting that turbulent frictional head loss and convective acceleration were important. The pressure drops measured in vitro were found to be in good agreement with the predictions of a nonlinear oscillatory pressure-flow equation (derived herein), which incorporate the effects of turbulent frictional losses, convective acceleration, inertance, and compliance. The pressure drops measured in situ were 30-50% higher than with the corresponding f-VT combinations in vitro. Possible explanations of these differences are junctional losses at the tip of the ETT or the nonrigid character of the trachea.
CI.—Oroxylin (1901)

W. A. H. Naylor and C. S. Dyer, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1901, 79, 954 DOI: 10.1039/CT9017900954
Crystalline Films of Interdigitated Structures Formed via Amidinium−Carboxylate Interactions at the Air−Water Interface (2001)

Electrostatic interactions between amidinium and carboxylates were used for the construction of interdigitated architectures at the air-solution interface. Spreading the water-insoluble amphiphile p-pentadecylbenzoic acid (A) on an aqueous solution of p-methylbenzamidinium (B) ions results in an intercalation of the water-soluble base between the acidic headgroups of the water-insoluble amphiphile to form an amorphousA-B-A-B monolayer according to grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) and X-ray reflectivity measurements. Upon compression the monolayer transforms into a crystalline film composed of three bilayers with interdigitated hydrocarbon chains, and a top layer whose chains are disordered. Water-insoluble p-heptadecylbenzamidinium spread on an aqueous solution of benzoic acid displays a surface pressure-area isotherm similar to that obtained from the above system. A mechanism that accounts for the formation of these films is presented. Deposition of p-heptadecylbenzamidinium and p-pentadecylbenzoic acid amphiphiles in a 1:1 ratio on pure water led to the formation of a crystalline monolayer phase but which is partially disordered. Over an aqueous solution containing a 1:1 mixture of benzamidinium and benzoic acid no measurable binding of these solute molecules to the polar headgroups of the 1:1 mixed monolayer could be detected by X-ray reflectivity or GIXD.
Treatment duration of obsessive compulsive disorder (1996)

The first breakthrough in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) came in 1967, when Fernandez and Lopez-Ibor reported on the efficacy of clomipramine (CMI) in the treatment of 16 patients with OCD (Fernandez and Lopez-Ibor, 1967). However, controlled studies with CMI were not published until 1980 (Montgomery, 1980; Thoren et al, 1980), and only in the last 5 years have large well-controlled studies been published (Clomipramine Collaborative Study, 1991). Several studies demonstrated that among the tricyclics (TCA), only CMI is effective in OCD, while effective antidepressants with a noradrenergic profile, such as desipramine (DMI), appear to be totally ineffective (Zohar and Insel, 1987; Goodman et al, 1990; Leonard et al, 1989). This selective response to TCA with a serotonergic profile led to the formulation of the serotonergic hypothesis of OCD and to the development and use of other serotonergic agents in the treatment of this disorder. Several drugs, possessing a serotonergic profile are currently being studied worldwide, among them CMI, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, sertraline, paroxetine and citalopram. Currently, as the knowledge regarding the pharmacological approach to OCD is only beginning to accumulate, very little is known regarding treatment duration in OCD. In this review we shall attempt to examine the existing data regarding treatment duration in OCD.
Stereochemistry of oxidation of diastereoisomeric d(TpA) phosphonates with sulphur and iodine–[18O]water (1990)

Oxidation of the diastereoisomeric phosphonate diesters of d(TpA)(3a) or (3b) with sulphur showed that the reaction is stereospecific and proceeds with retention of configuration; oxidation with I2–H218O, however, leads to (Sp)-[18O]d(TpA), preferentially, regardless of the diastereoisomeric phosphonate diester used.
High‐temperature ‘clockwise’P‐T paths and melting in the development of regional migmatites: an example from southern Brittany, France (1990)

The Southern Brittany Migmatite Belt (SBMB), which evolved through the metamorphic peak between c. 400 Ma and c. . 370 Ma ago, consists of a heterogeneous suite of high‐grade gneisses and anatectic migmatites, both metatexites and diatexites. Rare garnet‐cordierite gneiss layers record evidence of an early prograde P‐T path. In these rocks, growth‐zoned garnet cores and a sequence of included mineral assemblages in garnet, from core to rim, of Qtz + Ilm + Ky, Pl + Ky + St + Rt + Bt and Pl + Sil + St + Rt + Bt constrain a prograde evolution during which the reactions Ilm + Ky + Qtz→ Aim + Rt, Ms + Chl→ St + Bt + Qtz + V and St + Qtz→ Grt + Sil + V were crossed. Parts of this prograde evolution are preserved as inclusion assemblages in garnet in all other rock types. In all rock types, garnet has reverse zoned rims, and garnet replacement by cordierite and/or biotite and plagioclase suggests the following reactions have occurred: Grt + Sil + Qtz→ Crd → Hc ± Ilm, Bt + Sil + Qtz → Crd ± Hc → Ilm → Kfs + V and (Na + Ca + K + Ti) + Grt → Bt + Pl + Qtz. Microstructural analysis of reaction textures in conjunction with a petrogenetic grid has enabled the construction of a tightly constrained ‘clockwise’ P–T path for the SBMB. The high‐temperature part of the path has a steep dT/dP slope characteristic of near isothermal decompression. It is proposed that the P‐T path followed by the SBMB is the result of the inversion, by overthrusting, of a back‐arc basin and that such a tectonic setting may be applicable to other high‐temperature migmatite terranes. The near isothermal decompression is at least partly driven by the upward (diapiric) movement of the diatexite/anatectic granite core of the SBMB.
Research data supporting “Improvements in the processing of large grain, bulk Y-Ba-Cu-O superconductors via the use of additional liquid phase” (2016)

Trapped field profiles, Tc and Jc data from SQUID measurements, microstructure images from optical microscope and SEM and compostion data from EDX for the samples grown with and without liquid-rich phase. Trapped field data for the optimization stage samples.
Biopsy-implantable chemical sensor (2013)

There is a dire need for tools that can rapidly detect cancer treatment efficacy. A cancer patient must endure the side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. It will be weeks before a change in the size of the tumor can be observed and the oncologist has the information necessary to determine whether treatment is working. Valuable time is lost searching for the right treatment and the right dose. This thesis presents a sensor that can be implanted inside the body during a biopsy procedure and wirelessly report on the tissue environment. The sensor has direct access and can track metabolic markers, such as pH and oxygen, which have been shown to predict outcome, dose, and response to cancer treatment. These markers cannot be measured anywhere else except directly inside the tissue, and this sensor provides that access. The probe allows for repeat, non-invasive measurement of the same location after the initial biopsy. The sensor consists of a small nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probe that has a cavity filled with a contrast agent sensitive to the chemical of interest. An NMR