gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthese und Struktur des ersten Heterocyclus mit Borazin‐ und Cyclophosphazen‐Teilstruktur (1994)

Eine Bor‐Chlor‐Bindung senkrecht zur Ringebene und dabei bedeutend länger als die äquatorial stehende – das ist das überraschende Ergebnis der Röntgenstrukturanalyse des B,N,P‐heterocyclus 1. Das Zwitterion 1 reagiert mit GaCi 3 unter Halogenidabspaltung zum Kation in 2 , dem ersten echten Heterocyclus mit Borazin‐ und Cyclophosphazen‐ Teilstruktur [G1. (a)]. magnified image
The TC double socket above-knee prosthesis (1981)

The conventional total contact suction AK prosthesis presents several disadvantages, such as difficulty in wearing the socket in a sitting position, difficulty in obtaining a favourable disposition of the stump soft tissues in the socket and difficulty in avoiding stump perspiration problems. In an attempt to solve these disadvantages, a new AK prosthesis with a thermoplastic double socket was developed at the Tokyo Metropolitan Rehabilitation Center for the Physically and Mentally Handicapped. The double socket is composed of an external socket attached to the lower parts and a detachable internal socket, and appears to solve all the disadvantages of the conventional prosthesis. This prosthesis is called the TC prosthesis, and abbreviation for the Tokyo Metropolitan Rehabilitation Center. The first model of this prosthesis, (TC-1) has a metal valve. A new rubber sheet valve was developed to solve several disadvantages of the metal valve in the TC-2 prosthesis. Since November 1978 the TC-1 has been fitted to 295 AK amputees, including 9 bilateral AK amputees, and since March 1980, 145 AK amputees have received the TC-2, including 6 bilateral amputees. Satisfactory results have been obtained with both prostheses.
Plate wave oscillator systems in silicon for sensing in liquids (2002)

The design of silicon oscillator systems that can be used for sensing in liquids is presented. The basis of the design is a silicon-nitride plate wave device in combination with automatic-gain-controlled electronic amplifiers. The fabrication of very thin silicon-nitride membranes is technologically easier than the fabrication of very thin silicon membranes. Therefore, if the plate wave devices require a low plate velocity, the use of silicon-nitride membranes is preferred. An advantage of the low-pressure chemical vapor deposition process is the possibility of adding extra silicon, yielding low-stress membranes. The IDT/ZnO/aluminum/nitride layered structure allows the design of very thin plates with a high piezoelectric coupling constant, thus lowering the overall insertion loss of the device. Examples of applications of the system are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Comparison between the "Infinite Array "Approach and the "Surrounded-Element" Approach for the Simulation of Reflectarray Antennas (2006)

This paper presents a new approach to analyse reflectarray cells. It permits to realistically account for mutual coupling effects by simulating each radiating cell with its actual neighbouring cells, either identical or not. The proposed approach is compared to a more conventional approach that considers an infinite periodic environment. A comparison between reflectarray measurements and simulations leads to a good agreement using the proposed approach.
Designing light harvesting antennas by luminescent dendrimers (2011)

Dendrimers are well defined, tree-like macromolecules, with a high degree of order and the possibility to contain selected chemical units in predetermined sites of their structure. Nowadays it is possible to design and synthesize dendrimers containing a variety of chromophoric groups organized in the dimensions of time, energy, and space so as to obtain efficient light-harvesting devices that can be useful for solar energy conversion, as well as for other purposes. In order to design the pattern and maximize the efficiency of light harvesting it is necessary to take into account not only the absorption and emission spectra of the various chromophoric units, but also their redox properties in the ground and excited states since dissipative photoinduced electron transfer processes can compete with energy transfer. Luminescence intensity measurements, both steady state and time dependent, fluorescence anisotropy, and transient absorption spectra are the techniques commonly used in this field. In this paper we discuss some paradigmatic cases including: (i) light harvesting within dendritic structures; (ii) light harvesting by molecules or ions hosted inside the dendritic structure; (iii) light harvesting in systems resulting from association of dendrimers with other large molecules.
Design of antenna conformal to V-shaped tail of UAV based on the method of Characteristic Modes (2009)

The method of Characteristic Modes is used to design a vertically polarized communications antenna conformal to the V-shaped tail of a small UAV. The antenna must operate in the band from 50 to 90 MHz and must be Omni-Directional. This antenna has a vertical dimension of λ/17 at 50 MHz.
Verification of the Wiedemann-Franz Law inYbRh2Si2at a Quantum Critical Point (2013)

The thermal conductivity measurements are performed on the heavy-fermion compound YbRh(2)Si(2) down to 0.04 K and under magnetic fields through a quantum critical point (QCP) at B(c)=0.66 T∥c axis. In the limit as T→0, we find that the Wiedemann-Franz law is satisfied within experimental error at the QCP despite the destruction of the standard signature of Fermi liquid. Our results place strong constraints on models that attempt to describe the nature of the unconventional quantum criticality of YbRh(2)Si(2).
Representation results for defeasible logic (2001)

The importance of transformations and normal forms in logic programming, and generally in computer science, is well documented. This paper investigates transformations and normal forms in the context of Defeasible Logic, a simple but efficient formalism for nonmonotonic reasoning based on rules and priorities. The transformations described in this paper have two main benefits: on one hand they can be used as a theoretical tool that leads to a deeper understanding of the formalism, and on the other hand they have been used in the development of an efficient implementation of defeasible logic.
Desktop Cloud-Based Research on Unified Authentication Architecture (2012)

Desktop cloud is a typical application of cloud computing, effectively improving the efficiency of computing resource utilization and maintenance. Desktop cloud has made profound changes in the way that people use desktop applications. But with the extensive use of desktop cloud, the challenge has become how to centrally manage users' authentication and identity as a unified mode. This paper analyzes the traditional single sign-on authentication technology and desktop cloud, presenting a unified desktop cloud-based authentication mode, then proposing a unified desktop cloud-based authentication architecture. In the end the advantages of this architecture are analyzed.
An analysis of topics and vocabulary in Chinese oral narratives by normal speakers and speakers with fluent aphasia (2017)

This study analysed the topic and vocabulary of Chinese speakers based on language samples of personal recounts in a large spoken Chinese database recently made available in the public domain, i.e. Cantonese AphasiaBank ( http://www.speech.hku.hk/caphbank/search/ ). The goal of the analysis is to offer clinicians a rich source for selecting ecologically valid training materials for rehabilitating Chinese-speaking people with aphasia (PWA) in the design and planning of culturally and linguistically appropriate treatments. Discourse production of 65 Chinese-speaking PWA of fluent types (henceforth, PWFA) and their non-aphasic controls narrating an important event in their life were extracted from Cantonese AphasiaBank. Analyses of topics and vocabularies in terms of part-of-speech, word frequency, lexical semantics, and diversity were conducted. There was significant overlap in topics between the two groups. While the vocabulary was larger for controls than that of PWFA as expected, they were similar in distribution across parts-of-speech, frequency of occurrence, and the ratio of concrete to abstract items in major open word classes. Moreover, proportionately more different verbs than nouns were employed at the individual level for both speaker groups. The findings provide important implications for guiding directions of aphasia rehabilitation not only of fluent but also non-fluent Chinese aphasic speakers.
Differential aperture coupling technique for passive and active integrated antenna design (2007)

A novel contactless method of spatially coupling differential signals from a transmission line to an antenna structure is described. A differential signal is used to generate a current maximum/virtual short circuit under the antenna and electromagnetic energy is efficiently coupled from the transmission line to the antenna via an aperture. Two different passive microstrip patch antenna designs using this differential aperture coupling technique will be demonstrated. This coupling technique has also been successfully applied in an active integrated differential antenna design. Simulation and measurement results are also presented to validate the coupling concept. A simplified transmission line model has also been developed and successfully used to model the differential aperture coupling technique.
New Associate Editor (2021)

It is with great pleasure that I welcome Kathy Wilcox to the editorial board of the IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits as a new Associate Editor. Wilcox is an expert on digital circuits and systems.
Current and Future Therapeutic Targets for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (2013)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains a poorly understood disorder with dire consequences. Progression of disease often leads to right heart failure and death without lung transplantation. Limited therapeutic strategies exist for the treatment of PAH and current medical treatment consists of two major categories, supportive care therapeutics and pulmonary vasculature targeted therapy. Supportive care includes anticoagulants and inotropic agents, while pulmonary vasculature targets currently available include endothelin antagonists, phosphodiesterase inhibitors and prostacyclin analogs. While these therapies have shown efficacy in hemodynamic and functional outcomes; halting the progression of disease, reversal, and clinical cure has been elusive. Combination therapy and newer agents may provide innovative insight into the disease process and ultimately change the prognosis of this fatal disease. By utilizing specific targets on the cell membrane, second messengers systems or signaling peptides, novel therapeutic strategies will hopefully emerge. In this review we discuss the currently available therapeutic options and their pulmonary vasculature targets as well as some future therapeutic targets that have promising results in human trials.
The molecular basis of transient heme-protein interactions: analysis, concept and implementation (2019)

Deviant levels of available heme and related molecules can result from pathological situations such as impaired heme biosynthesis or increased hemolysis as a consequence of vascular trauma or bacterial infections. Heme-related biological processes are affected by these situations, and it is essential to fully understand the underlying mechanisms. While heme has long been known as an important prosthetic group of various proteins, its function as a regulatory and signaling molecule is poorly understood. Diseases such as porphyria are caused by impaired heme metabolism, and heme itself might be used as a drug in order to downregulate its own biosynthesis. In addition, heme-driven side effects and symptoms emerging from heme-related pathological conditions are not fully comprehended and thus impede adequate medical treatment. Several heme-regulated proteins have been identified in the past decades, however, the molecular basis of transient heme-protein interactions remains to be explored. Herein, we summarize the results of an in-depth analysis of heme binding to proteins, which revealed specific binding modes and affinities depending on the amino acid sequence. Evaluating the binding behavior of a plethora of heme-peptide complexes resulted in the implementation of a prediction tool (SeqD-HBM) for heme-binding motifs, which eventually led and will perspectively lead to the identification and verification of so far unknown heme-regulated proteins. This systematic approach resulted in a broader picture of the alternative functions of heme as a regulator of proteins. However, knowledge on heme regulation of proteins is still a bottomless barrel that leaves much scope for future research and development.
Eradication of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma after Adenovirus-Encoded TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL)/CpG Immunotherapy (2012)

Despite evidence that antitumor immunity can be protective against renal cell carcinoma (RCC), few patients respond objectively to immunotherapy and the disease is fatal once metastases develop. We asked to what extent combinatorial immunotherapy with Adenovirus-encoded murine TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (Ad5mTRAIL) plus CpG oligonucleotide, given at the primary tumor site, would prove efficacious against metastatic murine RCC. To quantitate primary renal and metastatic tumor growth in mice, we developed a luciferase-expressing Renca cell line, and monitored tumor burdens via bioluminescent imaging. Orthotopic tumor challenge gave rise to aggressive primary tumors and lung metastases that were detectable by day 7. Intra-renal administration of Ad5mTRAIL+CpG on day 7 led to an influx of effector phenotype CD4 and CD8 T cells into the kidney by day 12 and regression of established primary renal tumors. Intra-renal immunotherapy also led to systemic immune responses characterized by splenomegaly, elevated serum IgG levels, increased CD4 and CD8 T cell infiltration into the lungs, and elimination of metastatic lung tumors. Tumor regression was primarily dependent upon CD8 T cells and resulted in prolonged survival of treated mice. Thus, local administration of Ad5mTRAIL+CpG at the primary tumor site can initiate CD8-dependent systemic immunity that is sufficient to cause regression of metastatic lung tumors. A similar approach may prove beneficial for patients with metastatic RCC.
Can 3D synthesized views be reliably assessed through usual subjective and objective evaluation protocols? (2011)

International audience
Networked Academic Publishing and the Rhetorics of Its Reception (1992)

Electronic publishing is part of what Mark Poster calls a cultural shift from "print-wrapped language" to "electronically wrapped language" (11), and it is here to stay. But just what is inside the wrapping? What does this shift portend for academic publishing and for culture in general? This question has been the subject of lively debate, in the course of which, we contend, some significant misconceptions have arisen. Electronic text has been put on trial in disquieting ways, for many of the same reasons that printed text was, in its infancy. Responses to electronic text tend to be shaped by several metaphorical narratives which reflect and amplify these misunderstandings. These narratives, in turn, influence the institutional reception of electronic publishing. After a brief overview of electronic publishing, we examine the details of some of these narratives, look at their origins, and consider the implications of using them; finally, we discuss the institutional realities that have resulted, in part, from the ways in which electronic text has been described, and suggest some new ways of thinking about the future of the medium and our role in determining that future.
Functional Polymer Nanocomposite Materials from Microfibrillated Cellulose (2011)

In line with recent environmental policies, increased attention has been paid to the development of bio-based nanocomposite materials for several industrial applications, such as automotive, construction, packaging or medical applications. Thus, much effort has been devoted to the use of natural fibers in composite materials as an alternative to conventional inorganic fillers, traditionally used to reinforce thermoplastic matrices (&lt;em&gt;i.e.&lt;/em&gt;, glass fibers, aramid or carbon fibers, for instance). (Eichhorn, 2006; Pandey, et al., 2005) Hence, natural fibers present very attractive properties such as low cost, renewability, biodegradability and low density. (Bledzki &amp;amp; Gassan, 1999; Samir, et al., 2005)&lt;br /&gt;\nCellulose is the most abundant biopolymer on earth, and is present in natural fibers such as wood, cotton or hemp, as well as in a wide variety of living species, such as animals, plants and bacteria. This linear polymer is composed of β-1,4 linked glucopyranose units, with polymer chains associated by hydrogen bonds forming bundles of fibrils, also called microfibrillar aggregates, where highly ordered regions (&lt;em&gt;i.e.&lt;/em&gt;, crystalline phases) alternate with disordered domains (&lt;em&gt;i.e.&lt;/em&gt;, amorphous phases). (Samir, Alloin &amp;amp; Dufresne, 2005) In the last decades, the production of cellulose nanofibers from different sources has gained a tremendous success. Hence, apart from the already mentioned advantages related to natural fibers, cellulosic nanoelements also possess very high strength and stiffness, therefore making them excellent reinforcing agents for nanocomposites. As will be discussed later in detail, two main types of cellulose nanofibers can be produced: the Cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) and Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC). These natural fillers differ from their size and crystallinity, but the highest aspect ratios are usually found for MFC.&lt;br /&gt;\nIn the past decade, the EMPA Wood Laboratory has acquired a strong experience in the production, functionalization and use of MFC for a wide range of applications, including adhesives, packaging or medical applications. Consequently, this book chapter will specifically address the elaboration of functional nanocomposite materials using MFC as reinforcing agent. A first section will present the production and properties of MFC. In a second section, the chemical modification of MFC will be presented, therefore highlighting the possibility to tailor the surface polarity of the cellulosic fillers. Finally, a third section will address the elaboration of nanocomposite materials from unmodified and functionalized MFC.
Active zones on motor nerve terminals contain alpha 3beta 1 integrin. (2000)

Active zones are the sites along nerve terminals where synaptic vesicles dock and undergo calcium-dependent exocytosis during synaptic transmission. Here we show, by immunofluorescent staining with antibodies generated against Xenopus laevis integrins, that alpha3beta1 integrin is concentrated at the active zones of Xenopus motor nerve terminals. Because integrins can link extracellular matrix molecules to cytoskeletal elements and participate in the formation of signaling complexes, the localization of integrin at active zones suggests that it may play a role in the adhesion of the nerve terminals to the synaptic basal lamina, in the formation and maintenance of active zones, and in some of the events associated with calcium-dependent exocytosis of neurotransmitter. Our findings also indicate that the integrin composition of the terminal Schwann cells differs from that of the motor nerve terminals, and this may account at least in part for differences in their adhesiveness to the synaptic basal lamina.
Increased blood flow inhibits neointimal hyperplasia in endothelialized vascular grafts. (1991)

Intimal hyperplasia is a primary cause of failure after vascular reconstruction and may be affected by blood flow. We have studied the effects of increased blood flow on intimal hyperplasia in porous polytetrafluoroethylene grafts implanted in baboons. These grafts develop an endothelial lining by 2 weeks and neointimal thickening due to proliferation of underlying smooth muscle cells by 1 month. Creation of a distal arteriovenous fistula increased flow (from 230 +/- 35 to 785 +/- 101 ml/min, p less than 0.001) and mean shear (from 26 +/- 4 to 78 +/- 10 dynes/cm2, p less than 0.001) without causing a drop in pressure across the grafts. Fistula flow did not alter the pattern of endothelial coverage but did cause a marked reduction in the cross-sectional area of the neointima (from 2.60 +/- 0.52 to 0.42 +/- 0.07 mm2 at 3 months, p less than 0.01). Detailed morphometric analysis revealed an equivalent percentage decrease in smooth muscle cells and matrix content, suggesting that the primary effect of increased flow was to reduce smooth muscle cell number without affecting the amount of matrix produced by individual cells. The neointima remained sensitive to changes in flow at late times; ligation of the fistula after 2 months resulted in a rapid increase in neointimal thickness (from 0.60 +/- 0.03 mm2 after 2 months of fistula flow to 3.88 +/- 0.55 mm2 1 month after ligation of fistula, p less than 0.01). These results support the hypothesis that changes in blood flow affect the structure of diseased as well as normal vessels.
Mesocarbon Microbead Carbon-Supported Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles: Turning Spent Li-ion Battery Anode into a Highly Efficient Phosphate Adsorbent for Wastewater Treatment (2016)

Phosphorus in water eutrophication has become a serious problem threatening the environment. However, the development of efficient adsorbents for phosphate removal from water is lagging. In this work, we recovered the waste material, graphitized carbon, from spent lithium ion batteries and modified it with nanostructured Mg(OH)2 on the surface to treat excess phosphate. This phosphate adsorbent shows one of the highest phosphate adsorption capacities to date, 588.4 mg/g (1 order of magnitude higher than previously reported carbon-based adsorbents), and exhibits decent stability. A heterogeneous multilayer adsorption mechanism was proposed on the basis of multiple adsorption results. This highly efficient adsorbent from spent Li-ion batteries displays great potential to be utilized in industry, and the mechanism study paved a way for further design of the adsorbent for phosphate adsorption.