gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment Investigational New Drug Experience With Survanta (Beractant) (1993)

From September 1989 through July 1991, before commercial availability, Survanta (beractant intratracheal suspension), a modified bovine-derived surfactant used for prevention and treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, was made available to 231 neonatal intensive care units in the United States and Canada under a Treatment Investigational New Drug protocol. Results of this open clinical experience are reported. Investigators could give one dose of Survanta soon after birth to neonates weighing 600 to 1250 g (prevention strategy). Neonates weighing 600 to 1750 g who were not treated at birth could begin Survanta therapy if respiratory distress syndrome developed within 8 hours of birth (rescue strategy). All neonates could receive up to three more doses over the first 48 hours of life at minimum intervals of 6 hours if they met retreatment criteria. Qualifications for enrollment closely matched those used in previous randomized controlled clinical trials. This report includes results from 8168 neonates who completed the study. Treatment Investigational New Drug rates for intracranial hemorrhage, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary hemorrhage, pulmonary air leaks, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia, pulmonary interstitial emphysema, pretreatment sepsis, and posttreatment sepsis were less than for treated neonates in the controlled trials and survival was equivalent across studies. Problems with treatment administration were reported with 30.4% of doses, while adverse events were reported in 0.5% of neonates. The results of the Treatment Investigational New Drug protocol revealed no new safety concerns associated with the widespread use of Survanta and confirmed the safety profile established in earlier controlled trials.
GRINtrode: A neural implant for simultaneous two-photon imaging and extracellular electrophysiology in freely moving animals (2022)

Abstract Significance In vivo imaging and electrophysiology are powerful tools to explore neuronal function that each offer unique complementary information with advantages and limitations. Capturing both data types from the same neural population in the freely moving animal would allow researchers to take advantage of the capabilities of both modalities and further understand how they relate to each other. Aim Here we present a head-mounted neural implant suitable for in vivo two-photon imaging of neuronal activity with simultaneous extracellular electrical recording in head-fixed or freely moving animals. Approach A GRIN lens-based head-mounted neural implant with extracellular electrical recording provided by tetrodes on the periphery of the GRIN lens was chronically implanted. The design of the neural implant allows for recording from head-fixed animals, as well as freely moving animals by coupling the imaging system to a coherent imaging fiber bundle. Results We demonstrate simultaneous two-photon imaging of GCaMP and extracellular electrophysiology of neural activity in awake head-fixed, and freely moving mice. Using the collected information, we perform correlation analysis to reveal positive correlation between optical and local field potential recordings. Conclusion Simultaneously recording neural activity using both optical and electrical methods provides complementary information from each modality. Designs that can provide such bimodal recording in freely moving animals allow for the investigation of neural activity underlying a broader range of behavioral paradigms.
Mechanism Studies on NanoPCR and Applications of Gold Nanoparticles in Genetic Analysis (2013)

Recently, the applications of nanomaterial-assisted polymerase chain reaction (nanoPCR) have received considerable attention. Several potential mechanisms have been proposed, but mainly according to the results of PCR assays under specific conditions and lacking direct and general evidence. The mechanism of nanoPCR has not been elucidated yet. Here, taking gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as an example, we report the three general effects of AuNPs: (1) AuNPs adsorb polymerase and modulate the amount of active polymerase in PCR, which was directly demonstrated by a simple and straightforward colorimetric assay and the dynamic light scattering measurements. (2) AuNPs adsorb primers and decrease the melting temperatures (Tm) of the duplexes formed with perfectly matched and mismatched primers and increase the Tm difference between them. (3) AuNPs adsorb PCR products and facilitate the dissociation of them in the denaturing step. All these effects were confirmed by addition of a rationally selected surface adsorbent, bovine thrombin, to highly efficiently modulate the surface adsorption of PCR components. These findings suggested that AuNPs should have multiple effects on PCR: (1) to regulate PCR in a case-by-case way via modulating the amount of active polymerase in PCR; (2) to improve PCR specificity in the annealing step via increasing the Tm difference between the perfectly matched and mismatched primers; (3) to improve PCR efficiency via speeding up the dissociation of the PCR products in the denaturing step. Taken together, we proposed the mechanism of nanoPCR is that the surface interaction of PCR components (polymerase, primers, and products) with AuNPs regulates nanoPCR. We further demonstrated that the applications of these findings improve the PCR of the amelogenin genes and Hepatitis B virus gene for genetic analysis. These findings could also provide helpful insight for the applications of other nanomaterials in nanoPCR.
A Miniaturized Silicon Lab-on-Chip for Integrated PCR and Hybridization Microarray for High Multiplexing Nucleic Acids Analysis (2022)

A silicon lab-on-chip, for the detection of nucleic acids through the integrated PCR and hybridization microarray, was developed. The silicon lab-on-chip manufactured through bio-MEMS technology is composed of two PCR microreactors (each volume 11.2 µL) and a microarray-hybridization microchamber (volume 30 µL), fluidically connected by buried bypass. It contains heaters and temperature sensors for the management and control of the temperature cycles during the PCR amplification and hybridization processes. A post-silicon process based on (i) plasmo-O2 cleaning/activation, (ii) vapor phase epoxy silanization, (iii) microarray fabrication and (iv) a protein-based passivation step was developed and fully characterized. The ssDNA microarray (4 rows × 10 columns) composed of 400 spots (spot size-70 ± 12 µm; spot-to-spot distance-130 ± 13 µm) was manufactured by piezo-dispense technology. A DNA microarray probe density in the range of 1310 to 2070 probe µm<sup>-2</sup> was observed, together with a limit of detection of about 19 target µm<sup>-2</sup>. The performances of the silicon lab-on-chip were validated by the detection of the beta-globin gene directly from human blood. Remarkable sensitivity, multiplexing analysis and specificity were demonstrated for the detection of beta-globin and mycobacterium tuberculosis sequences.
Selective Laser-Induced Etching of 3D Precision Quartz Glass Components for Microfluidic Applications—Up-Scaling of Complexity and Speed (2017)

By modification of glasses with ultrafast laser radiation and subsequent wet-chemical etching (here named SLE = selective laser-induced etching), precise 3D structures have been produced, especially in quartz glass (fused silica), for more than a decade. By the combination of a three-axis system to move the glass sample and a fast 3D system to move the laser focus, the SLE process is now suitable to produce more complex structures in a shorter time. Here we present investigations which enabled the new possibilities. We started with investigations of the optimum laser parameters to enable high selective laser-induced etching: surprisingly, not the shortest pulse duration is best suited for the SLE process. Secondly we investigated the scaling of the writing velocity: a faster writing speed results in higher selectivity and thus higher precision of the resulting structures, so the SLE process is now even suitable for the mass production of 3D structures. Finally we programmed a printer driver for commercial CAD software enabling the automated production of complex 3D glass parts as new examples for lab-on-a-chip applications such as nested nozzles, connectors and a cell-sorting structure.
A 5 Meps $100 USB2.0 Address-Event Monitor-Sequencer Interface (2007)

This paper describes a high-speed USB2.0 address-event representation (AER) interface that allows simultaneous monitoring and sequencing of precisely timed AER data. This low-cost (<$100), two chip, bus powered interface can achieve sustained AER event rates of 5 megaevents per second (Meps). Several boards can be electrically synchronized, allowing simultaneous synchronized capture from multiple devices. It has three parallel AER ports, one for sequencing, one for monitoring and one for passing through the monitored events. This paper also describes the host software infrastructure that makes the board usable for a heterogeneous mixture of AER devices and that allows recording and playback of recorded data.
Characterization of Na-doped CuInS<inf>2</inf> thin film absorber layer formed by a non-vacuum ink process (2011)

Na-doped CuInS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (Na-CIS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) thin films were fabricated by a non-vacuum ink process. The copper (Cu), indium (In) and sulfur (S) precursors were first synthesized by a sonochemical colloidal route, which is simpler and cheaper than the other preparation methods. The CuInS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (CIS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) thin film absorber layers were then formed via spray-coating method using ink precursors consisting of Cu, In and S components. Finally, sodium (Na) was doped onto the CIS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> thin film by wet solution methods. The Na doping condition and the Cu to In ratio were found to play important roles in controlling the structural and optoelectronic properties of the absorber layer.
Effects of Rotation and Channel Orientation on the Flow Field Inside a Trailing Edge Internal Cooling Channel (2012)

The flow field inside a trailing edge (TE) cooling channel for gas turbine blades has been numerically investigated with reference to the effects of channel rotation and orientation. The channel consists of a single passage with high aspect ratio cross-section. The flow entering from the hub is discharged through both the channel tip and inter-pedestal passages at the TE. A commercial 3D RANS solver including a κ–ω SST turbulence model has been used to simulate the isothermal steady airflow at 20000 Reynolds number in the case of static channel and for two rotation numbers (Ro = 0.23, 0.46) at varying the channel orientation with respect to the rotation axis (γ = 0°, γ = 22.5°, γ = 45°). The present work extends a previous experimental analysis performed by the authors on the same channel geometry, the results of which are used to validate the numerical model. Rotation effects are shown to alter significantly the distribution of both the mass flow in the inlet duct and the velocity along the channel height. This causes remarkable modifications of the 3D flow structures in the inter-pedestal passages and, in particular, the disappearance of the horseshoe vortices from the pedestal upstream face. Changing the channel orientation results in an attenuation of the rotation effects in the inlet duct and in the hub region of the TE.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanism of the Silicide‐Catalyzed Hydrodehalogenation of Silicon Tetrachloride to Trichlorosilane. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
REVIEWS (1974)

Journal Article REVIEWS Get access GYPSY POLITICS AND SOCIAL CHANGE. By T. ACTON. [London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. 1974. 310 pp. £5·95.] Mike Hepworth Mike Hepworth Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The British Journal of Criminology, Volume 14, Issue 4, October 1974, Pages 411–412, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a046599 Published: 01 October 1974
Improved Intact Soil-Core Carbon Determination Applying Regression Shrinkage and Variable Selection Techniques to Complete Spectrum Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) (2013)

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) provides a potential method for rapid, in situ soil C measurement. In previous research on the application of LIBS to intact soil cores, we hypothesized that ultraviolet (UV) spectrum LIBS (200–300 nm) might not provide sufficient elemental information to reliably discriminate between soil organic C (SOC) and inorganic C (IC). In this study, using a custom complete spectrum (245–925 nm) core-scanning LIBS instrument, we analyzed 60 intact soil cores from six wheat fields. Predictive multi-response partial least squares (PLS2) models using full and reduced spectrum LIBS were compared for directly determining soil total C (TC), IC, and SOC. Two regression shrinkage and variable selection approaches, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and sparse multivariate regression with covariance estimation (MRCE), were tested for soil C predictions and the identification of wavelengths important for soil C prediction. Using complete spectrum LIBS for PLS2 modeling reduced the calibration standard error of prediction (SEP) 15 and 19% for TC and IC, respectively, compared to UV spectrum LIBS. The LASSO and MRCE approaches provided significantly improved calibration accuracy and reduced SEP 32–55% over UV spectrum PLS2 models. We conclude that (1) complete spectrum LIBS is superior to UV spectrum LIBS for predicting soil C for intact soil cores without pretreatment; (2) LASSO and MRCE approaches provide improved calibration prediction accuracy over PLS2 but require additional testing with increased soil and target analyte diversity; and (3) measurement errors associated with analyzing intact cores (e.g., sample density and surface roughness) require further study and quantification.
Survival of patients with adult medulloblastoma (2008)

This is the largest and most representative survival study to date, but further assessments are needed to evaluate the potential of using molecular genetic markers, together with clinical and histopathologic variables, in predicting survival. This may have to take place in the context of a large consortium.
Crystal structure of the tandem GAF domains from a cyanobacterial adenylyl cyclase: Modes of ligand binding and dimerization (2005)

In several species, GAF domains, which are widely expressed small-molecule-binding domains that regulate enzyme activity, are known to bind cyclic nucleotides. However, the molecular mechanism by which cyclic nucleotide binding affects enzyme activity is not known for any GAF domain. In the cyanobacterium, Anabaena, the cyaB1 and cyaB2 genes encode adenylyl cyclases that are stimulated by binding of cAMP to their N-terminal GAF domains. Replacement of the tandem GAF-A/B domains in cyaB1 with the mammalian phosphodiesterase 2A GAF-A/B tandem domains allows regulation of the chimeric protein by cGMP, suggesting a highly conserved mechanism of activation. Here, we describe the 1.9-A crystal structure of the tandem GAF-A/B domains of cyaB2 with bound cAMP and compare it to the previously reported structure of the PDE2A GAF-A/B. Unexpectedly, the cyaB2 GAF-A/B dimer is antiparallel, unlike the parallel dimer of PDE2A. Moreover, there is clear electron density for cAMP in both GAF-A and -B, whereas in PDE2A, cGMP is found only in GAF-B. Phosphate and ribose group contacts are similar to those in PDE2A. However, the purine-binding pockets appear very different from that in PDE2A GAF-B. Differences in the beta2-beta3 loop suggest that this loop confers much of the ligand specificity in this and perhaps in many other GAF domains. Finally, a conserved asparagine appears to be a new addition to the signature NKFDE motif, and a mechanism for this motif to stabilize the cNMP-binding pocket is proposed.
3D Kinetic Alpha Complexes and Their Implementation (2013)

Previous chapter Next chapter Full AccessProceedings 2013 Proceedings of the Meeting on Algorithm Engineering and Experiments (ALENEX)3D Kinetic Alpha Complexes and Their ImplementationMichael Kerber and Herbert EdelsbrunnerMichael Kerber and Herbert Edelsbrunnerpp.70 - 77Chapter DOI:https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611972931.6PDFBibTexSections ToolsAdd to favoritesExport CitationTrack CitationsEmail SectionsAboutAbstract Motivated by an application in cell biology, we describe an extension of the kinetic data structures framework from Delaunay triangulations to fixed-radius alpha complexes. Our algorithm is implemented using CGAL, following the exact geometric computation paradigm. We report on several techniques to accelerate the computation that turn our implementation applicable to the underlying biological problem. Previous chapter Next chapter RelatedDetails Published:2013ISBN:978-1-61197-253-5eISBN:978-1-61197-293-1 https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611972931Book Series Name:ProceedingsBook Code:PRAL13Book Pages:1-182Key words:Computational geometry, Delaunay triangulations, alpha complexes, kinetic data structures, spatial sorting, exact geometric computation, implementation, software experiments
Effective Thermal Via and Decoupling Capacitor Insertion For 3D System-On-Package (2006)

The increased component density of a 3D system-on-package (SOP) exacerbates the thermal hotspot problem. A popular choice to mitigate the thermal issues is thermal vias (t-vias) that are used to establish thermal paths from the core of an SOP package to the heat sinks. Another major problem with SOP integration is the power supply noise coupling among various mixed signal components constituting the system. In this case, decoupling capacitors (decaps) are inserted to provide the switching currents locally. The goal of our automatic 3D SOP component placement algorithm is to determine the x/y/z location of each component while minimizing the footprint area under thermal and power supply noise constraints. In general, t-vias and decaps are typically inserted in the white space in the placement, whereas the proximity of the t-vias and decaps to the target components determines their effectiveness. Hence, our component placer considers t-via and decap insertion during the early design stage, where the component location can be flexibly changed. Related experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
Prevalence of impairment of visual function in European drivers (2009)

Prevalences of impairment of visual functions that are not included in current standards (particularly contrast sensitivity and glare sensitivity) are much higher than prevalences of functions that are included (VA and VF).
AMOEBA Polarizable Force Field for Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Glyme Solvents (2023)

Classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of electrolyte systems are important to gain insight into the atom-scale properties that determine the battery-relevant performance. The recent Tinker-HP software release enables efficient and accurate MD simulations with the AMOEBA polarizable force field. In this work, we developed a procedure to construct a universal AMOEBA model for the solvent family of glymes (glycol methyl ethers), which involves a refinement scheme for valence parameters by fitting the AMOEBA-derived atomic forces to those computed at the DFT level. The refined AMOEBA model provides a good description of both local and nonlocal properties in terms of the spectroscopic response of glyme molecules, as well as the liquid glyme density and dielectric constant. In addition, the complexation energies of alkali and alkaline-earth metal cations with tetraglyme molecules obtained from AMOEBA calculations are in good agreement with DFT results, demonstrating the suitability of the developed AMOEBA model for an accurate simulation of glyme-based battery electrolytes. We also expect the procedure to be transferable to the development of AMOEBA models for other battery electrolyte systems.
GUI prototype generation by merging use cases (2002)

In developing an application software, it is important to pay attention to end-users' viewpoints. In particular, in designing Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs), it is effective to develop a prototype and to show it to end-users in order to reflect end-users' viewpoints, because the design of the GUI strongly affects the usability of the application. Use case diagrams and scenarios are described from end-users' viewpoints, so it is considered that GUIs reflecting end-users' viewpoints can be developed using use case diagrams. In this paper, we propose a method for generating GUI prototypes from given use case diagrams and scenarios. GUI prototypes can be generated based on the extracted control structure with appended simple widget information.
Energy Management in Wireless Mobile Systems Using Dynamic Task Assignment (2013)

Wireless mobile sensing systems are hierarchical and heterogeneous in nature with components that have different energy and performance capabilities. In such systems allocation of tasks to different devices affects both performance and the entire system battery lifetime. In this paper we formulate the problem of optimal task assignment with objectives related to minimizing the total system energy consumption and maximizing the system lifetime as an Integer Linear Program (ILP). We describe a heuristic algorithm and two dynamic graph-based partitioning algorithms that are computationally efficient and that are able to adapt in real-time to changing system conditions. ILP based solutions are able to achieve optimal task assignment, but cannot be used in dynamically changing conditions due to their computationally expensive nature. We evaluate the performance of our three dynamic algorithms using Qualnet and show that they have up to 88% longer system lifetime than the ILP based solutions.
A novel factor for primary arteriovenous fistula failure: hyperinsulinism (2016)

Insulin resistance or hyperinsulinism may be a significant cause of pAVFF, which emphasizes the role of endothelium in fistula dysfunction.