gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure and Functional Characterization of a Humanized Anti-CCL20 Antibody following Exposure to Serum Reveals the Formation of Immune Complex That Leads to Toxicity (2021)

mAbs have revolutionized the treatment of autoimmune disorders. Even though mAbs have shown impressive efficacy in blocking T cell or B cell activation and/or recruitment to sites of inflammation, this group of biologicals are not devoid of adverse effects. The most serious adverse effects include infusion reactions, including the activation of the complement pathway. In this study, we present a detailed structure-function study of an anti-CCL20 humanized IgG1 mAb that neutralizes CCL20 chemokine and prevents the recruitment of Th17 cells to sites of inflammation. We demonstrate that the anti-CCL20 Ab changes significantly following administration to humans and monkeys and exposure to human serum. Analysis of the drug product revealed that the anti-CCL20 Ab has unexpectedly high C1q binding. This high binding was linked to immune complex formation in vivo but not during in vitro serum incubation. The immune complex contained multiple complement components. Anti-CCL20 Ab-mediated, complement-dependent cytotoxicity occurred when the Ab bound to CCL20 tethered to the cell membrane of target cells. Taken together, these results provide a likely cause for the animal toxicity observed. In addition, anti-CCL20 revealed progressive acidification because of N100 (located in CDR) deamidation over time, which did not directly impact Ag binding. Our study demonstrates that the safety profiling of mAbs should include the evaluation of effector functions in addition to typical stressed conditions.
Reactive Intermediates on Metal Surfaces: A Ketene Monolayer on Single Crystal Platinum Generated by Photolysis of Pyridyl α-Diazoketones (2000)

Die Bestrahlung einer Diazoketon-Monoschicht auf einer Pt(110)-Oberfläche mit Licht von 300 bis 400 nm Wellenlänge hat eine selektive und effiziente Umlagerung zur Folge, im Zuge derer Stickstoff freigesetzt wird und die zu einem bemerkenswert stabilen Ketenintermediat in der Grenzschicht führt.
The perceived angle of the round window affects electrode insertion trauma in round window insertion – an anatomical study (2010)

Less traumatic insertion was achieved in 13 of the 15 bones, and in these the mean RW angle, as observed from a surgical point of view, was 137°. The mean RW angle in the traumatic insertion group was 147°. The difference was statistically significant.
Hospital-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA) in Italy (2009)

The aim of our study was to trace the dynamic changes of hospital-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA) lineages in Italy, comparing the genotypic backgrounds of contemporary isolates over a period of 17 years, with those of a sample of early MRSA strains from 1980. In total, 301 non-repetitive MRSA clinical isolates, recovered from 19 Italian hospitals between 1990 and 2007 were selected and analyzed for their antibiotic resistance, typed by PFGE and SCCmec, grouped into clonal-types and further characterized using Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST). A sample of fifteen early MRSA strains from 1980 was also used for comparison. The most interesting feature was the recent increase of ST228-MRSA-I (formerly the Italian clone; PFGE E) over the period 2000-2007 (57%), when compared to the period 1990-1999 (29%), and its stability to date, associated with a decrease of the highly epidemic ST247-MRSA-IA (formerly the Iberian clone; PFGE A), (23% from 1990 to 1999, 6% from 2000 to 2007). ST1-MRSA-I (1 out of 2 strains carrying ccrA2B2), ST8-MRSA-I (4 strains), ST15-MRSA-I (1 out of 4 carrying ccrA2B2) and ST30-MRSA-I (2 out of 5 carrying no ccrAB-types and ccrC) were the predominant earliest STs among the MRSA strains in 1980. A temporal shift in the susceptibility levels to glycopeptides was observed: strains with vancomycin MIC of >or= 2 mg/L increased from 19.4% to 35.5%. In conclusion, we describe the alternation of MRSA clones that occurred in hospitals from 1990 to 2007 and the increase of the glycopeptide MIC levels, reflecting a worldwide trend. We document the detection of ST1, ST8, ST15 and ST30 in the 1980 isolates; we hypothesize their possible latency and their appearance as the current CA-MRSA clones.
Genotypic difference of phosphorus uptake and utilization in sweet maize varieties. (2010)

In order to improve the genetic potential of phosphorus(P) uptake and use efficiency(PUE) in sweet maize,22 varieties released in China in recent years were used to study the genotypic differences of P uptake and utilization under the same fertilization conditions.The results demonstrated that yield,growth period,P uptake and PUE were significantly different among 22 varieties.The ranges of fresh ear yield,fresh grain yield,growth period,P uptake,fresh ear PUE and fresh grain PUE were 7 324-11 801 kg·hm(-2),5 129-8 531 kg·hm(-2),74-84 d,15.25-38.99 kg·hm(-2),286.6-480.4 kg·kg(-1) and 198.1-338.5 kg·kg(-1),respectively.The results of clustering analysis showed that 3 varieties(JF8,SM901 and JSW) had high yield,high P uptake and high PUE,the mean of fresh ear yield,fresh grain yield,P uptake,fresh ear PUE and fresh grain PUE was 10736 kg·hm(-2),8 009 kg·hm(-2),31.37 kg·hm(-2),356.2 kg·kg(-1) and 266.0 kg·kg(-1),respectively,which were 10.95%,17.90%,16.92%,9.58% and 2.27% higher than those of the other 19 varieties.Path analysis was conducted on yield,PUE and P uptake and the results showed that both P uptake and PUE had effects on yield,in which the effect of P uptake was vital to improve yield.Therefore,selecting varieties with high P uptake could achieve high yield and reduce P waste in sweet maize production.
The Fourier Optical Analysis Of Aberrations In Focused Laser Beams (1986)

Methods are presented for calculating the radiation intensity in the focal region resulting from the focusing of a laser beam by a spherical surface lens. An approach based upon Fourier optics is employed to include the effects of aberrations as well as diffraction and interference, and digital signal processing techniques are used to speed the calculations. Calculated results are displayed on a digital image processor to aid in visual interpretation. Sample calculations are presented for intensity fields in the transverse and meridional planes of the focal region for circular, gaussian and annular laser beams incident on the lens perpendicularly and at small oblique angles.
Effects of metal ions and ligands on transesterification: synthesis, structures, and catalytic activities of a series of cation–anionic complexes with dipyridylamine ligands (2012)

Abstract A series of cation–anion complexes derived by 2,2′-dipyridylamine (Hdpa) and carboxylate ligands with formulas [Ni(Hdpa)2(CH3COO)]Cl(CH3OH) (1), [Co(Hdpa)2(CH3COO)]Cl(CH3OH) (2), [Ni(Hdpa)2(CH3CH2CH2COO)]Cl (3), [Co(Hdpa)2(CH3CH2CH2COO)]Cl (4), [Ni(Hdpa)2(C6H5COO)]Cl (5), and [Co(Hdpa)2(C6H5COO)]Cl (6), were synthesized and characterized by IR, elemental analysis, MS(ESI), TG analysis, UV-Vis, and fluorescence spectra. X-ray single crystal structural analysis showed that the coordination geometries of metal ions in these complexes are similar and they are cation–anion species. The hydrogen-bonding structures are 1-D chains through the N–H···Cl bonds. There are weak stacking interactions between pyridine rings in 1–4, while there are no stacking interactions in 5 and 6. We have investigated the transesterification of phenyl acetate with methanol catalyzed by 1–6 under mild conditions; 1–4 are homogeneous catalysts while 5 and 6 are heterogeneous catalysts due to their poor solubility in methanol. Cobalt complexes exhibit higher catalytic activities than corresponding nickel complexes. Complex 4 is the best catalyst of these six complexes. Keywords: 2,2′-DipyridylamineCatalytic activityTransesterification Acknowledgments This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21073157).
Tips and traps in the 14C Bio-AMS preparation laboratory (WSam 7) (1999)

Maintaining a contamination free sample preparation lab for biological 14 C AMS requires the same or more diligence as a radiocarbon dating prep lab. Isotope ratios of materials routinely range over 4-8 orders of magnitude in a single experiment, dosing solutions contain thousands of DPM and gels used to separate proteins possess 14 C ratios of 1pMC. Radiocarbon contamination is a legacy of earlier tracer work in most biological laboratories, even if they were never hot labs. Removable surface contamination can be found and monitored using swipes. Contamination can be found on any surface routinely touched: door knobs, light switches, drawer handles, water faucets. In general, all surfaces routinely touched need to be covered with paper, foil, or plastic that can be changed frequently. Shared air supplies can also present problems by distributing hot aerosols throughout a building. Aerosols can be monitored for 14 C content using graphitized coal or fullerene soot mixed with metal powder as an absorber. The monitors can be set out in work spaces for 1-2 weeks and measured by AMS with regular samples. Frequent air changes help minimize aerosol contamination in many cases. Cross contamination of samples can be minimized by using disposable plastic or glassware in the prep lab, isolating samples from the air when possible and using positive displacement pipetters.
Directed integration of viral DNA mediated by fusion proteins consisting of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase and Escherichia coli LexA protein (1996)

We tested whether the selection of target sites can be manipulated by fusing retroviral integrase with a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein. A hybrid protein that has the Escherichia coli LexA protein fused to the C terminus of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase was constructed. The fusion protein, IN1-288/LA, retained the catalytic activities in vitro of the wild-type human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase (WT IN). Using an in vitro integration assay that included multiple DNA fragment as the target DNA, we found that IN1-288/LA preferentially integrated viral DNA into the fragment containing a DNA sequence specifically bound by LexA protein. No bias was observed when the LexA-binding sequence was absent, when the fusion protein was replaced by WT IN, or when LexA protein was added in the reaction containing IN1-288/LA. A majority of the integration events mediated by IN1-288/LA occurred within 30 bp of DNA flanking the LexA-binding sequence. The specificity toward the LexA-binding sequence and the distribution and frequency of target site usage were unchanged when the integrase component of the fusion protein was replaced with a variant containing a truncation at the N or C terminus or both, suggesting that the domain involved in target site selection resides in the central core region of integrase. The integration bias observed with the integrase-LexA hybrid shows that one effective means of altering the selection of DNA sites for integration is by fusing integrase to a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein.
I1.2: Invited Paper : Switchable Liquid Crystal Micro Lens Arrays for the Light‐Field Camera Application (2015)

Two types of gradient index liquid crystal micro lens array (LC MLA) are reported for the light‐field camera application. The LC MLAs enabled us to capture both of compound‐eye images to be refocused on the various positions with its depth information and clear 2D images without reconstruction.
Widely tunable green lasers based on the self-frequency doubling material Yb:YAB (2002)

We report widely tunable infrared (70nm) and self-frequency-doubled operation, (with 25-450mW output power), in Yb:YAB, covering the wavelengths of the copper vapor laser (510nm), Argon ion (514nm), doubled Nd:YAG (532nm) and green HeNe (543nm).
Optimization Method of Dynamic Beam Position for LEO Beam-Hopping Satellite Communication Systems (2021)

The beam-hopping (BH) technology applied to low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication networks is a superior choice, but the long transmission delay partly caused by data packets waiting in the queue of satellite transponders will seriously affect the user experience. To shorten the packet queueing delay, in this paper, we propose an optimization method of dynamic beam position division for LEO BH satellite communication systems. Firstly, we analyze the packet queueing delay problem in BH satellites to find out the factors related to the queueing delay, and we find that the number of beam positions is negatively correlated with the queueing delay. Then, we turn the beam position division problem into a <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -center problem to try to cover all users with the least number of beam positions. The beam positions among the footprint of LEO satellites are determined dynamically by the user distribution and the traffic distribution. Finally, the performance evaluation of the proposed optimization method is carried out in real-time and the simulation shows that the beam position division optimized system we proposed can shorten the queueing delay up to 40% compare to the benchmark system without sacrificing throughput.
Serine phosphorylation of FcγRI cytoplasmic domain directs lipid raft localization and interaction with protein 4.1G (2011)

The high-affinity IgG receptor (CD64, FcγRI) has several special capacities, including the receptor-stimulated cleavage of the cell surface B cell-activating factor of the TNF superfamily (TNFSF13B). With the use of the yeast two-hybrid system, we and others have shown that FcγRI interacts with protein 4.1G (EPB41L2). Our mutational analyses identified two required 4.1G-interacting regions in the FcγRI CY and one FcγRI-interacting site in the C-terminus of protein 4.1G. Herein, we explore mechanism(s) that may regulate the interaction between protein 4.1G and FcγRI CY and influence FcγRI membrane mobility and function. We show that FcγRI CY interacts with protein 4.1G in vitro and that FcγRI coimmunoprecipitates protein 4.1G in freshly isolated human PBMC. With the use of immunostaining, we show that FcγRI colocalizes with protein 4.1G in unstimulated U937 cells, in which the FcγRI CY is constitutively serine-phosphorylated, but significant uncoupling occurs following FcγRI cross-linking, suggesting phosphoserine-regulated interaction. In vitro, protein 4.1G interacted preferentially with CK2-phosphorylated FcγRI CY, and compared with WT FcγRI, a nonphosphorylatable FcγRI mutant receptor was excluded from lipid rafts, suggesting a key role for protein 4.1G in targeting phosphorylated FcγRI to rafts. These data are consistent with a phosphoserine-dependent tethering role for protein 4.1G in maintaining FcγRI in lipid rafts and provide insight into the unique phosphoserine-based regulation of receptor signaling by FcγRI CY.
Scheduling hard-realtime parallel tasks onto the processor network with wrapped mesh topology (2002)

When scheduling realtime parallel tasks onto multiprocessor systems, it is very important to optimize the computing resource allocations to those tasks using load-distribution mechanisms. This paper proposes a static load-distribution mechanism, called the Double-Layered Load-Distribution (DLLD) mechanism, which schedules hard realtime parallel computing tasks. Due to the nature of the hard realtime computation, the deadlines of task executions must be previously analysed and perfectly satisfied. For this reason, static load-distribution schemes are preferred to dynamic ones. In order to optimize the scheduling results with respect to various types of parallel computing tasks and various architectures of parallel-processor hardware, the DLLD mechanism is comprised of two functional layers: the DF/IHS scheduler (the upper layer) and the DPSTS (the lower layer).
Multi‐trajectory models of serum biomarkers among patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (2022)

Understanding the progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) to multiple myeloma (MM) is needed to identify patients who would benefit from closer clinical surveillance. Given that two of the defining criteria of MM are renal failure and anemia, we described the trajectories of creatinine (Cr) and hemoglobin (Hgb) over time in patients with a diagnosis of MGUS. Patients diagnosed with MGUS (n = 424) were identified by a previously validated case-finding algorithm using health claims and electronic health record data (2007-2015) and followed through 2018. Group-based trajectory modeling identified patients with distinct laboratory value trajectories of Cr (mg/dl) and Hgb (g/dl). Most patients were non-Hispanic White (97.6%) with a mean age of 75 years at MGUS diagnosis. Three multi-trajectory groups were identified: (1) Normal Cr/Hgb (n = 225; 53.1%)-stable serum Cr levels and decreasing, normal Hgb levels; (2) Normal Cr/lower-normal Hgb group (n = 188; 44.3%)-stable, slightly elevated levels of Cr and decreasing levels of Hgb; and (3) High Cr/borderline Hgb group (n = 11; 2.6%)-increased Cr levels and stable low levels of Hgb. Patients with MGUS in Group 2 were older than patients in other groups, and patients in group 3 had more comorbidities than participants in all other groups. Few patients developed MM during the study period. We were able to identify distinct biomarker trajectories in patients with MGUS over time. Future research should investigate how these trajectories may be related to the risk of progression to MM, including M-protein levels.
Railway Fare-Reward Scheme for Commuters (2016)

This paper proposes a fare-reward scheme to reduce the railway system costs and decentralize the peak-hour arrivals. Two different time intervals are paired in transit bottleneck model, free fare interval (FFI) and peak fare interval (PFI) respectively. Free fare interval is only for commuters who obtain the reward to get a free ride. An equilibrium pattern is determined for a given optimal capacity. Then values of runs and headways are optimized to realize the cost minimization. A reward proportion is defined as one free-fare trip for a number of peak-period trips. This is equivalent to the ratio of the number of free-fare commuters to the total number of commuters. The sufficient condition of applicable reward proportion is given by an interval within which we find an increasing of reward proportion leads to reduction of peak period. A numerical example is explored in the final part, which indicates a great efficiency improvement of the fare-reward scheme in reducing costs and length of peak period.
Über Hexafluoroferrate(III): Cs2TlFeF6, Cs2KFeF6, Rb2KFeF6, Rb2NaFeF6 und Cs2NaFeF6 (1974)

Abstract Neu dargestellt wurden Cs 2 TlFeF 6 (a = 9,21 1 Å), Cs 2 KFeF 6 (a = 9,04 1 Å), Rb 2 KFeF 6 (a = 8,86 8 Å) und Rb 2 NaFeF 6 (a = 8,46 4 Å) alle kubische Elpasolith‐Vertreter, sowie Cs 2 NaFeF 6 (Cs 2 NaCrF 6 −Typ, hexagonal mit a = 6,28 1 , c = 30,53 2 Å) als farblose Pulver. Cs 2 KFeF 6 wurde magnetisch vermessen (70 bis 297,2 K). Das Reflexionspektrum von FeF 3 wurde gemessen (9000 bis 36000 cm −1 ). Der Madelunganteil der Gitterenergie, MAPLE, wird berechnet und diskutiert.
Cytotoxic T Cell Lysis of Target Cells Fused with Liposomes Containing Influenza Virus Haemagglutinin and Neuraminidase (1985)

The lytic activity of secondary cytotoxic lymphocytes against influenza A virus was tested on cells which had been fused with liposomes containing the haemagglutinin and the neuraminidase of an avian influenza A virus (fowl plague virus, FPV). Fusion was obtained solely by the activity of the haemagglutinin and neuraminidase incorporated into the liposomes, without the need for any additional fusion factor. Highly reproducible lysis of these FPV-liposome target cells by influenza A-specific cytotoxic cells was found. In contrast, target cells containing the glycoproteins HN and F of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) were not lysed. In almost all experiments effector cell populations capable of lysing target cells also lysed the natural killer cell (NK)-sensitive cell line YAC-1. However, high NK activity alone was not sufficient to lyse target cells fused with liposomes containing the viral surface glycoproteins. To our knowledge this is the first report where after artificial introduction of viral surface components into cell membranes (either by fusion or by transfection) lysis of target cells was monitored also for non-specific lysis mediated by NK-like cells. Both the H-2 restriction and the virus specificity of lysis of FPV-liposome target cells indicate that influenza virus haemagglutinin and possibly neuraminidase do function as target antigens for influenza-specific T cells.
Permeation Studies of Captopril Transdermal Films Through Human Cadaver Skin (2015)

Mortality rate due to heart diseases increases dramatically with age. Captopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE) used effectively for the management of hypertension. Due to short elimination half-life of captopril the oral dose is very high. Captopril is prone to oxidation and it has been reported that the oxidation rate of captopril in skin tissues is considerably low when compared to intestinal tissues. All these factors make captopril an ideal drug candidate for transdermal delivery. In this research work an effort was made to formulate transdermal films of captopril by utilizing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as film formers and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) as a plasticizer. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and dimethylformamide (DMF) were used as permeation enhancers. Physicochemical parameters of the films such as appearance, thickness, weight variation and drug content were evaluated. The invitro permeation studies were carried out through excised human cadaver skin using Franz diffusion cells. The in-vitro permeation studies demonstrated that the film (P4) having the polymer ratio (PVP:PVA = 80:20) with DMSO (10%) resulted a promising drug release of 79.58% at 24 hours with a flux of 70.0 µg/cm(2)/hr. No signs of erythema or oedema were observed on the rabbit skin as a result of skin irritation study by Draize test. Based on the stability report it was confirmed that the films were physically and chemically stable, hence the prepared films are very well suited for transdermal application.
DNA arrays (2001)

article Share on DNA arrays: the steam engine of the 21st century Author: Sorin Draghici BioDiscovery Inc., 11150 W. Olympic Blvd., Suite 1170, Los Angeles, CA BioDiscovery Inc., 11150 W. Olympic Blvd., Suite 1170, Los Angeles, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGBIO NewsletterVolume 21Issue 1April 2001 pp 2–9https://doi.org/10.1145/381371.381378Online:01 April 2001Publication History 0citation590DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads590Last 12 Months2Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Indirect inactivation of tyrosinase in its action on tyrosine. (2011)

Under aerobic conditions, tyrosinase is inactivated by dopa as a result of suicide inactivation, and, under anaerobic conditions, as a result of irreversible inactivation. However, tyrosine protects the enzyme from being inactivated by dopa under anaerobic conditions. This paper describes how under aerobic conditions the enzyme acting on tyrosine is not directly inactivated but undergoes a process of indirect suicide inactivation provoked by reaction with the o-diphenol originated from the evolution of o-dopaquinone and accumulated in the reaction medium.