gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The soybean Dof‐type transcription factor genes, GmDof4 and GmDof11, enhance lipid content in the seeds of transgenic Arabidopsis plants (2007)

Soybean is one of the most important leguminous seed crops among the oil crops. Although the pathways for lipid biosynthesis have been identified, the factors that regulate the biosynthetic pathways at the transcriptional level are largely unknown. Here, we report our findings on the involvement of soybean Dof-type transcription factor genes in the regulation of the lipid content in soybean seeds. We identified 28 Dof-type transcription factor genes in soybean plants, and these genes displayed diverse patterns of expression in various organs. Seven flower/pod-specific genes and one constitutively expressed gene were further investigated. The proteins encoded by these seven genes were localized in the nucleus, and exhibited different abilities for transcriptional activation and DNA binding. Two genes, GmDof4 and GmDof11, were found to increase the content of total fatty acids and lipids in GmDof4 and GmDof11 transgenic Arabidopsis seeds. We also found that the 1000-seed weight was increased in the GmDof4 and GmDof11 transgenic plants. Using microarray and DNA binding analysis, we found that the two Dof-like proteins, GmDof4 and GmDof11, activated the acetyl CoA carboxylase gene and long-chain-acyl CoA synthetase gene, respectively, by direct binding to the cis-DNA elements in their promoter regions. In addition, both proteins downregulated the storage protein gene, CRA1, through direct binding. These results suggest that the two GmDof genes may augment the lipid content of soybean seeds by upregulating genes that are associated with the biosynthesis of fatty acids.
Outage Performance in Cognitive Radio Systems with Opportunistic Interference Cancelation (2011)

In this paper, we investigate the problem of spectrally efficient operation of a cognitive radio, also called secondary spectrum user, under an interference from the primary system. A secondary receiver observes a multiple access channel of two users, the secondary and the primary transmitter, respectively. The secondary receiver applies Opportunistic Interference Cancelation (OIC) and Suboptimal Opportunistic Interference Cancelation (S-OIC) thus decoding the primary signal when such an opportunity is created by the rate selected at the primary transmitter and the power received from the primary transmitter. First, we investigate how the secondary transmitter, when using OIC and S-OIC for fixed transmitting power, should select its rate in order to meet its target outage probability under different assumptions about the channel-state-information available at the secondary transmitter. We study three different cases and for each of them identify the region of achievable primary and secondary rates. Second, we determine how the secondary transmitter should select its transmitting power not to violate the target outage probability at the primary terminals. Our numerical results show that the best secondary performance is always obtained when the secondary transmitter knows the instantaneous channel-state-information toward the intended receiver. We also evaluate the degradation in terms of achievable rate at the secondary receiver when it uses suboptimal decoding (S-OIC rather than OIC) and the interplay between the allowed power at the secondary transmitter (which depends on the target outage probability at the primary receiver) and the decodability at the secondary receiver.
Optically controllable millimeter wave phase shifter (1979)

We have demonstrated a new approach to controlling millimeter wave propagation with light. Phase shifts as high as 300°/cm of 94-GHz millimeter waves were observed accompanied by less than 1 dB insertion loss. A straightforward model was found to account in detail for the observed behavior.
Le bonheur peut-il s'accommoder de la situation de handicap ? (2012)

Résumé Il n’y a peut-être jamais eu autant d’ouvrages sur le bonheur qu’aujourd’hui, préfigurant une société en mal de vivre. Dans ce contexte, la figure du handicap vient nous rappeler la difficulté de penser « l’être ensemble », de vivre la différence dans la pensée de l’universel. Le droit au bonheur ne peut nous faire oublier que le handicap et son cortège de dépendances sont porteurs de limites qui peuvent être autant de freins à vivre « le bonheur en acte ». Cependant, le bonheur n’est pas à rechercher dans un modèle d’existence prédéfini, mais dans ce qui fait l’originalité, la singularité de la vie au quotidien de chacun de nous. Aussi la confrontation au handicap est une gifle au silence d’une vie qui ne reconnaît pas le bonheur de vivre et, comme le dit Comte-Sponville citant Flaubert : « Que ce mot de bonheur a fait couler de larmes, sans lui on vivrait plus tranquille ! »
8-Endo Cyclization of (Alkoxycarbonyl)methyl Radicals:  Radical Ways for Preparation of Eight-Membered-Ring Lactones (1998)

Cyclization of (alkoxycarbonyl)methyl radicals generated from bromoacetates proceeds in the 8-endo mode to generate heptanolactones. Three distinct types of 8-endo/5-exo tandem radical cyclizations produce different bicyclic heptanolactones. In certain cases, intramolecular free-radical attack on the heptanolactone carbonyl group initiates further skeletal rearrangement. Ab initio calculations indicate that the preference of the 8-endo cyclization over the 5-exo mode originates from the conformational bias of (alkoxycarbonyl)methyl radicals favoring the Z- over the E-conformation.
Effect of Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants in a Mouse Model of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (2002)

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is an illness characterized by persistent and relapsing fatigue, often accompanied by numerous symptoms involving various body systems. The etiology of CFS remains unclear; however, a number of studies have shown that oxidative stress may be involved in its pathogenesis. In the present study, a mouse model of CFS was used in which mice were forced to swim for one 6-minute session on each day for 15 days and the immobility period was recorded. There was a significant increase in immobility period in saline-treated mice on successive days. Intraperitoneal treatment with the potent antioxidants carvedilol (5 mg/kg) and melatonin (5 mg/kg) produced a significant reduction in immobility period. Similar results were observed with herbal preparations administered orally: Withania somnifera (100 mg/kg), quercetin (50 mg/kg), and St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L., 10 mg/kg). Biochemical analysis revealed that chronic swimming significantly induced lipid peroxidation and decreased glutathione (GSH) levels in the brains of mice. The rats also showed decreased levels of antioxidant defense enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase. Co-administration of antioxidants carvedilol, melatonin, W. somnifera, quercetin or St. John's wort significantly reduced lipid peroxidation and restored the GSH levels decreased by chronic swimming in mice. Further, the treatment increased levels of SOD in the forebrain and of catalase. The findings strongly suggest that oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of CFS and that antioxidants could be useful in the treatment of CFS.
Differentiation of cfiA -Negative and cfiA -Positive Bacteroides fragilis Isolates by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (2011)

Carbapenem resistance in Bacteroides fragilis is associated with cfiA-encoded class B metallo-beta-lactamase. cfiA-negative and cfiA-positive isolates belong to genotypically distinct groups. Of a total of 248 B. fragilis isolates included in this study, 214 were susceptible, 10 were intermediate, and 24 were resistant to meropenem. We show that matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry is able to differentiate between cfiA-negative and cfiA-positive isolates and predict carbapenem resistance in a routine laboratory setting.
ChemInform Abstract: HEMOCYANIN MODELS: SYNTHESIS, STRUCTURE, AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF A BINUCLEATING COPPER(II) SYSTEM (1984)

Abstract Der durch Kondensation von 1,2‐Diaminobenzol mit 2‐Hydroxy‐I,3‐diaminopropantetraessigsäure erhaltene siebenzähnige Ligand (I) reagiert mit Cu(II)‐perchlorat oder ‐tetrafluoroborat zu Zweikernkomplexen der analytischen Zusammensetzung (ll).
Benthic freshwater diatom abundance in streams and seepage areas of northern James Ross Island between 2004-2009 (2012)

Background and aim - The non-marine diatom communities in the Antarctic Region are characterized by a typical species composition, in close relationship with their environment. Despite the growing interest, the diatom flora of James Ross Island is only poorly known. The present paper discusses the diversity of limnoterrestrial diatoms on this island: seepages and streams.Methods - The diatom flora of 53 samples taken on the eastern side of the Ulu peninsula on James Ross Island has been studied using light and scanning electron microscopy.Key results - A total of 69 diatom taxa belonging to 26 genera have been observed. The genera Luticola, Diadesmis, Muelleria and Pinnularia dominated the species composition. The flora shows an interesting mixture of cosmopolitan and Antarctic species containing several species reaching on James Ross Island their most northern distribution in the Antarctic Region. The taxonomical position of one widespread Antarctic species, Psammothidium papilio (D.E.Kellogg, Stuiver, T.B.Kellogg &amp; Denton) Kopalova &amp; Van de Vijver comb. nov., is corrected.Conclusions - The limnoterrestrial diatom flora of James Ross Island has a rather low number of species, of which a large proportion shows a restricted Antarctic distribution.
Human surfactant protein A with two distinct oligomeric structures which exhibit different capacities to interact with alveolar type II cells (1996)

The lung lavage fluids from patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis have been generally used as a source for human surfactant protein A (SP-A). We have recently found that a multimerized form of SP-A oligomer (alveolar proteinosis protein-I, APP-I) exists besides the normal-sized octadecamer (APP-II) in SP-As isolated from the patients. When analysed by Bio-Gel A15m column chromatography in 5 mM Tris buffer (pH 7.4), the apparent molecular masses of APP-I and APP-II were 1.65 MDa and 0.93 MDa, respectively. Gel-filtration analysis also revealed that APP-II is clearly separated from APP-I in the presence of 2 mM Ca2+ and 150 mM NaCI. We investigated the abilities of both SP-A oligomers to regulate phospholipid secretion and to bind to alveolar type II cells. Although APP-I inhibited lipid secretion, it was clearly a less effective inhibitor than APP-II. IC50 for inhibition of lipid secretion was apparently 0.23 +/- 0.08 microgram/ml (0.14 +/- 0.05 nM) and 0.055 +/- 0.019 microgram/ml (0.059 +/- 0.020 nM) for APP-I and APP-II, respectively. Both proteins bound to monolayers of type II cells in a concentration-dependent manner; however, APP-I clearly had a lower affinity to bind to type II cells. The apparent dissociation contants were, K(d) = 2.31 +/- 0.70 microgram/ml (1.40 +/- 0.43 nM) and 0.89 +/- 0.22 microgram/ml (0.95 +/- 0.24 nM) for APP-I and APP-II, respectively. Excess unlabelled rat SP-A replaced 45% of 125I-APP-I and 77% of 125I-APP-II for type II cell binding. Although 125I-APP-II competed with excess unlabelled APP-I or APP-II, 125I-APP-I failed to compete and instead its binding rather increased in the presence of unlabelled APPs. The biotinylated APP-I bound to APP-I and APP-II coated on to microtitre wells in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating that APP-I interacts with APPs. This study demonstrates that the multimerized form of human SP-A oligomer exhibits the following attributes: (1) the reduced capacity to regulate phospholipid secretion from type II cells, and (2) lower affinity to bind to type II cells, and that the integrity of a flower-bouquet-like octadecameric structure of SP-A oligomer is important for the expression of full activity of this protein, indicating the importance of the oligomeric structure of mammalian lectins with collagenous domains.
Triphenylphosphine CatalyzedMichael Addition of Oximes onto Activated Olefins (2003)

A new reaction condition for Michael addition of oximes onto activated olefins has been discovered using a catalytic amount of triphenylphosphine. This is a first and milder alternative to classical base (hydroxide, alkoxide) catalyzed Michael addition of oximes. Various aldoximes 1a-h and ketoximes 2a-c (Figure [1] ) were reacted with different Michael acceptors such as ethyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, phenyl vinyl sulfone, methyl vinyl ketone, and 1-nitrocyclohex-1-ene to obtain the corresponding Michael adducts. About 35 different examples were attempted (Table [1] and Scheme [1] ); except in six cases where reactions did not produce desired products, yields varied from good to excellent. Reactions without triphenylphosphine did not proceed. A plausible mechanism of catalytic action in the present reactions is proposed (Figure [2] ).
Phase Reaction and Sintering Behavior in the Pseudoternary System AlN‐Y 2 O 3 ‐AI 2 O 3 (1996)

Phase reaction and sintering behavior in the ternary system AlN‐Y 2 O 3 (0‐10 wt%)‐Al 2 O 3 (0‐40 wt%) at temperatures ranging from 1600° to 2000°C were studied. The density of the sintered 100 wt% A1N specimens increased monotoni‐cally with firing temperature, but the maximum value was limited to 95%, even at 2000°C firing. All the specimens containing Y 2 O 3 , regardless of their Al 2 O 3 content, achieved full density by sintering at 1800°C. However, at and above 1900°C, the densities decreased with increased Al 2 O 3 content. This densification behavior appeared to be based on the grain morphology and decomposability of the existing compounds in the products. The phases present in the sintered A1N‐Al 2 O 3 were composed of AlN, Al 2 O 3 , and γ‐AION below 1900°C, and 27 R , 20 H , and 16 H at and above 1950°C. In the A1N‐Y 2 O 3 ‐Al 2 O 3 specimen, yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) phase formed in the first stage at a temperature &lt;1600°C, after which aluminum oxynitrides appeared. In the specimens sintered at 1950°C or higher, γ‐AION phase, with a higher Al 2 O 3 :A1N ratio, and 27 R phase, with a lower Al 2 O 3 :A1N ratio, coexisted, and the contents were quantitatively low in comparison with the Y 2 O 3 ‐free specimens, although Y 2 O 3 trapped Al 2 O 3 to produce YAG. This differed from the A1N‐Al 2 O 3 phase diagram proposed by McCauley et al. The grain morphologies depended on the presence of the above phases. The grains based on A1N and γ‐AION were granular, and those based on 27 R, 20 H, and 16 H poly‐typoids were platelike.
1003 nm Single-Frequency High-Power Optically Pumped Semiconductor Laser (2006)

We report high power single-frequency laser operation at λ = 1003 nm of an optically pumped external-cavity semiconductor laser in which the gain structure is bonded to a SiC heatspreader. Intracavity frequency-doubling is also demonstrated.
Microbiological Response to Mechanical Treatment in Combination With Adjunctive Therapy. A Review of the Literature (1996)

The recognition of the microbial origin and the specificity of periodontal infections has resulted in the development of several adjunctive therapies (antibiotics and/or antiseptics) to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic adult periodontitis. This article aims to review the "additional" effect of a subgingival irrigation with chlorhexidine, or a local or systemic application of tetracycline or metronidazole, performed in combination with a single course of scaling and root planing in patients with chronic adult periodontitis. All treatment modalities are compared with scaling and root planing, based on their impact on: the probing depth (PD); total number of colony forming units per ml (CFU/ml); the proportions and/or the detection-frequency of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Prevotella intermedia; and/or on the percentages of cocci, spirochetes, motile, and other micro-organisms on dark field microscopy examination. All treatment modalities, including scaling and root planing without additional chemical therapy, resulted in significant reductions in the probing depth and the proportions of periodontopathogens, at least during the first 8 weeks post-therapy. However in comparison to a single course of scaling and root planing, the supplementary effect of adjunctive therapies seems to be limited. In general, only the irrigation with chlorhexidine 2%, the local application of minocycline, and the systemic use of metronidazole (in case of large proportions of spirochetes) or doxycycline (in case of large proportions of A. actinomycetemcomitans) seem to result in a prolonged supplementary effect when compared to scaling and root planing. Therefore, the use of antibiotics on a routine basis, especially in a systemic way, in the treatment of chronic adult periodontitis, can no longer be advocated, considering the increasing danger for the development of microbial resistance.
Geopolymers based on some clay from Burkina Faso: preparation and characterization (2021)

Geopolymers based on clay materials from Burkina Faso were developed and then characterized for use in building.The results of the characterization of the clay mineral material referenced TAN as well as its calcined forms have shown by several analysis techniques (XRD, IR, ICP-AES) that TAN contains kaolinite (71%), quartz (20%), illite (4%) and goethite (2%).TAN clay and its calcined forms are each mixed with the alkaline solution (sodium hydroxide solution 8 mol.L -1 ) in a mass ratio (alkaline solution/clay) ranging from 0.33 to 0.36.The results of the mechanical and mineralogical tests of the geopolymers produced showed that GP-MK0 produced had the best performance favorable for its use in construction.Indeed, its linear shrinkage (3.44%) is low and the compressive strength (22.50 MPa) is greater than 4 MPa.This performance of GP-MK0 is due to the formation of a phase rich in silica and alumina (Na2(AlSiO4)6(OH)2.2H2O).
Solutions of the bio-heat transfer equation (1988)

A solution of the bio-heat transfer equation for a 'step-function point source' is presented and discussed. From this basic solution one can, in principle, obtain the temperature field resulting from a general heat source distribution by superposition. As an example, the method is used to calculate the temperature on the body surface at a point where therapeutic ultrasound is applied. Comparison is made with experimental results recently published by Williams and co-workers.
Flotation bubble image segmentation based on seed region boundary growing (2011)

在一幅筹款图象分割模糊并且粘附的水泡基于种子区域并且边界成长(SRBG ) 用一个新分割方法被做。位于水泡顶的明亮的象素作为种子区域被提取。种子边界被划分成四条曲线：左顶、正确顶、正确底部、左底部。水泡被沿着相应方向移动这些曲线到水泡边界从种子边界分割。SRBG 方法能移开吵闹的区域，它避免在分割上和在分割下面问题。每个水泡独立被分割而非分割全部筹款图象。从 SRBG 方法的分割结果是比从分水岭算法的那些更精确的。
An Enhanced <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">$Ka$</tex> </formula>-Band Reflector Focal-Plane Array Using a Multifeed EBG Structure (2010)

This letter presents a first step toward the design of an enhanced multifeed EBG structure that serves as a focal-plane array for a Ka-band reflector for space applications in the 29.5-30-GHz band. The desired Earth coverage is the starting point for the antenna design. As shown in this letter, significant coupling can deteriorate the performance of the multifeed EBG antenna. In order to demonstrate this, the results are compared to those of the single-feed reflector antenna. Filters are then connected to the multifeed antenna ports to control the coupling in a constructive way and obtain good radiation characteristics. Finally, the global feed architecture (EBG structure + filters) is used to illuminate a reflector antenna in order to characterize the antenna performance (C/I ratio, EoC gain).
ChemInform Abstract: Cerium(IV) Induced Oxidative Coupling of Simple Phenols in the Presence and Absence of Hydrogen Peroxide: A Comparative Study of Product Distribution. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
High harmonic spectroscopy of quantum phase transitions in a high-Tc superconductor (2022)

We report on the new non-linear optical signatures of quantum phase transitions in the high-temperature superconductor YBCO, observed through high harmonic generation.
Cooperative control of multi-vehicle systems using cost graphs and optimization (2004)

We introduce a class of triangulated graphs for algebraic representation of formations that allows one to specify a mission cost for a group of vehicles. This representation plus the navigational information allows one to formally specify and solve tracking problems for groups of vehicles in formations using an optimization-based approach. The approach is illustrated using a collection of six underactuated vehicles that track a desired trajectory in formation.
Finances of the publishers of the most highly cited US medical journals (2011)

The open access model, defined here as free access to scholarly publishing, has emerged alongside the traditional, subscription-based model for publishing medical journals [1–3]. The open access model was developed largely in response to rapidly rising subscription prices [4, 5], which raised concerns about access to scientific research, especially that funded by public entities [2]. In 2003, Public Library of Science (PLoS) launched a nonprofit scientific and publishing venture producing open access journals with no charge for access and, other than appropriate citation, no restrictions on use [6]. Funders of biomedical research, including the National Institutes of Health (NIH), also pushed for open access to research they support. In 2007, the NIH public access policy was signed into law, requiring that all investigators funded by NIH have an electronic version of their final manuscripts publicly available within twelve months of publication [2].

Despite the emergence of open access, knowledge of the finances of medical journal publishers is limited [4]. Published reports have surveyed open access journals, described their business models, and reported their finances [1, 7] but have been limited by their scope or have been disproportionately weighted away from for-profit publishers [1]. This study therefore sought to increase understanding of the finances of the publishers of the most highly cited US general and internal medicine journals by examining the tax status, revenue, expenses, and operating margins in order to inform public debate and policy.