gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Taking on webRTC in an enterprise (2013)

WebRTC, Web Real-Time Communications, will have a major impact on enterprise communications, as well as consumer communications and their interactions with enterprises. This article illustrates and discusses a number of issues that are specific to WebRTC enterprise usage. Some of these relate to security: firewall traversal, access control, and peer-to-peer data flows. Others relate to compliance: recording, logging, and enforcing enterprise policies. Additional enterprise considerations relate to integration and interoperation with existing communication infrastructure and session-centric telephony systems.
Repression of miR‐142 by p300 and MAPK is required for survival signalling via gp130 during adaptive hypertrophy (2012)

An increase in cardiac workload, ultimately resulting in hypertrophy, generates oxidative stress and therefore requires the activation of both survival and growth signal pathways. Here, we wanted to characterize the regulators, targets and mechanistic roles of miR-142, a microRNA (miRNA) negatively regulated during hypertrophy. We show that both miRNA-142-3p and -5p are repressed by serum-derived growth factors in cultured cardiac myocytes, in models of cardiac hypertrophy in vivo and in human cardiomyopathic hearts. Levels of miR-142 are inversely related to levels of acetyltransferase p300 and MAPK activity. When present, miR-142 inhibits both survival and growth pathways by directly targeting nodal regulators p300 and gp130. MiR-142 also potently represses multiple components of the NF-κB pathway, preventing cytokine-mediated NO production and blocks translation of α-actinin. Forced expression of miR-142 during hypertrophic growth induced extensive apoptosis and cardiac dysfunction; conversely, loss of miR-142 fully rescued cardiac function in a murine heart failure model. Downregulation of miR-142 is required to enable cytokine-mediated survival signalling during cardiac growth in response to haemodynamic stress and is a critical element of adaptive hypertrophy.
Real-time monitoring of laser ablation deposition of superconductors by fluorescence and secondary-ion spectra (1988)

Fluorescence spectra and secondary-ion spectra for laser ablation of high-temperature metal-oxide superconductors are reported. These processes can be used to monitor a thin-film deposition process. The fluorescence spectra are more suitable for Y, Ba, and Ca ions. However, ion spectra can be used to monitor and identify Tl and Ca ions easier than by fluorescence spectra.
Evaluation of pregnancy outcomes from the Tysabri® (natalizumab) pregnancy exposure registry: a global, observational, follow-up study (2016)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00472992 (11 May 2007).
Bipolar Electrodeposition of Manganese Dioxide Nanoparticles on Gold Nanotubes (2018)

Manganese dioxide is an environmentally abundant and low-cost material that shows considerable interest for energy-related applications, such as supercapacitor and cathode material in batteries. However, its use is currently limited by its poor cyclability and its low ionic and electronic conductivities. To overcome these limitations, many strategies have been centered on the design of MnO 2 nanoparticles to reduce the diffusion distance for the insertion cations. Precisely controlling the location of MnO 2 nanoparticle electrodeposition on the electrode can be challenging because of the need of continuous electrical contact. This is why we have developed a method to grow MnO 2 nanoparticles on 3D nano-objects in the absence of a direct electrical contact. This method entails using gold nanotubes as bipolar electrode. A voltage of 2 V is applied across a gold nanotube membrane to generate redox reactions, one cathodic and one anodic, at either end of the tubes. The anodic reaction is chosen such that it forms MnO 2 hemispherical nanoparticles at one opening of the nanotubes. In this presentation, we will describe the mechanism of electrodeposition and growth rate of these MnO 2 nanoparticles, as studied by electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques. We will also report chemical and electrochemical characterizations of these nanoparticles, such as conductivity and permselectivity measurements in lithium solution, in order to address the performance of MnO 2 as a battery material. Finally, the effect of charging and discharging on the structure and electrochemical properties of MnO 2 will be presented.
Scale-Up Synthesis of a TRPV1 Antagonist Featuring a Facile Thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine Formation (2011)

An efficient and practical synthesis of a TRPV1 inhibitor bearing a thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine core was developed. The initial synthesis was modified to facilitate acylation of 5-aminopyrimidine and subsequent thiazole formation. The synthesis features an efficient two-pot, five-step process for the construction of the thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine ring. The new route is concise, chromatography-free, and amenable to large-scale preparation.
Clinical Application of Rapid Prototype Model in Pediatric Proximal Femoral Corrective Osteotomy (2008)

Proximal femoral deformities can occur in children as sequelae of several disorders such as hip joint infection or avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Early surgical correction of deformities promises a good result; however, limited exposure of the surgical field often creates difficulties for surgeons. Application of a rapid prototyping model for proximal femoral corrective osteotomy in children serves not only as a guide for surgical planning but also as a communication tool between physicians and patients.
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (1998)

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is diagnosed in 3000 to 4000 persons in the United States each year; two thirds of them are children.1,2 The current rate of cure of nearly 80 percent in children attests to remarkable progress in the development of effective treatments for resistant subtypes of the disease. Progress has been incremental, from the introduction of combination chemotherapy and central nervous system treatment for presymptomatic leukemia to newer, intensive treatment regimens for patients at high risk for relapse (Figure 1). In contrast, only 30 to 40 percent of adults with ALL are cured.2,3 This discrepancy can . . .
The Faces of Engagement: Automatic Recognition of Student Engagementfrom Facial Expressions (2014)

Student engagement is a key concept in contemporary education, where it is valued as a goal in its own right. In this paper we explore approaches for automatic recognition of engagement from students' facial expressions. We studied whether human observers can reliably judge engagement from the face; analyzed the signals observers use to make these judgments; and automated the process using machine learning. We found that human observers reliably agree when discriminating low versus high degrees of engagement (Cohen's κ = 0.96). When fine discrimination is required (four distinct levels) the reliability decreases, but is still quite high ( κ = 0.56). Furthermore, we found that engagement labels of 10-second video clips can be reliably predicted from the average labels of their constituent frames (Pearson r=0.85), suggesting that static expressions contain the bulk of the information used by observers. We used machine learning to develop automatic engagement detectors and found that for binary classification (e.g., high engagement versus low engagement), automated engagement detectors perform with comparable accuracy to humans. Finally, we show that both human and automatic engagement judgments correlate with task performance. In our experiment, student post-test performance was predicted with comparable accuracy from engagement labels ( r=0.47) as from pre-test scores ( r=0.44).
Model studies on activation of the heart. (1978)

Multiple dipole models of activation of the heart, in combination with a model of the thorax as an electrical conductor relate the action of individual cells to features of the electrocardiogram. The models can be used to develop diagnostic electrocardiographic criteria for ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial infarction or conduction disorders. Criteria derived with the use of Holt, Barnard and Lynn's model proved to be superior to well-established empirical rules. Their approach restricts position, direction and polarity of the current dipole vectors in the model. In the Selvester model, and later in the Ritsema van Eck model, in addition to these restrictions time-constraints are imposed on the dipole activity. In a validation study of the Ritsema van Eck model activation of a beating dog heart is compared in detail with simulated activation in a computer replica of the same heart. Myocardial spread of activation is found to be stimulated correctly. Simulated spread of activation along the Purkinje fiber network however, differs considerably from reality. In apical regions excitation spreads in reality much faster than in the model, in basal regions much slower. The model can be improved by slowing endocardial excitation from apex to base with the time-course of activation. Further improvement is obtained by the use of a more detailed pattern of endocardial excitation, based on studies of endocardial excitation in opened ventricles. The model can predict the time-course of activation with an accuracy of 5% of total ventricular activation time.
A wavelet-based progressive ECG compression using modified SPIHT (2016)

An Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal contains much vital clinical information. These signals include information on cardiac imperfection. These signals recorded over an extended period result in large file size. Thus, compression is essential. This paper aims to implement compression of ECG signal using wavelet-based progressive coding such as set partitioning in hierarchical trees. Further improvement in the compression ratio is possible with modified run-length encoding. The experimentation performed with the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database shows compression ratio of 16:1 and average mean square difference percentage of 0.58 using bior4.4 wavelet. The coders achieve bit rate control and produce a bitstream that is progressive in quality. The user can trim the bitstream at any point and make the best quality restoration for reduced file size using required values of compression ratio.
Escaped-radial nematic configuration in submicrometer-size cylindrical cavities: Deuterium nuclear-magnetic-resonance study (1991)

Deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance ${(}^{2}$H NMR) is used to extend studies of confined nematic structures to submicrometer-size cavities. Spectral patterns reveal the escaped-radial configuration in untreated cylindrical cavities of Nuclepore filters. This configuration is found to survive in pore sizes as small as 0.2 \ensuremath{\mu}m in radius. Singular point defects are found to be present along the escape axis with the density of the defects being determined from the $^{2}\mathrm{H}$ NMR spectra. This density is found to be unaffected by cycling between the nematic and isotropic phases with or without the presence of an applied magnetic field.
Virus‐induced gene silencing in tomato fruit (2005)

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a powerful tool for the study of gene function in plants. Here we report that either by syringe-infiltrating the tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-vector into the surface, stem or carpopodium of a tomato fruit attached to the plant or by vacuum-infiltrating into a tomato fruit detached from the plant, TRV can efficiently spread and replicate in the tomato fruit. Although VIGS can be performed in tomato fruit by all of the means mentioned above, the most effective method is to inject the TRV-vector into the carpopodium of young fruit attached to the plant about 10 days after pollination. Several reporter genes related to ethylene responses and fruit ripening, including LeCTR1 and LeEILs genes, were also successfully silenced by this method during fruit development. In addition, we found that the silencing of the LeEIN2 gene results in the suppression of tomato fruit ripening. The results of our study indicate that the application of VIGS techniques by the described methods can be successfully applied to tomato fruit and is a valuable tool for studying functions of the relevant genes during fruit developing.
Level of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Marine Environment of Algiers Bay, Algeria (2011)

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants with significant bioaccumulation in the global environment. Owing to their high toxicity and lipophilic property, PCBs are potential threat to the human and ecological system. The objective of this work was to investigate the polychlorinated biphenyls in seawater and blue mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis collected in the eastern coastal side of the Algiers bay. Surface and bottom water samples were collected at six different periods from July to October 2002 in the port of Tamentfoust and four locations around the port. Mussel samples were collected from Tamentfoust port and Surcouf beach. After extraction, the PCBs levels were determined in marine water and biological samples by gas chromatography with electron capture detector. Total polychlorinated biphenyls concentrations varied from 4.0 to 18.8 ng · L−1 in surface and from 4.4 to 16.6 ng · L−1 in bottom seawater and were relatively high in August (30th and 45th days). In mussels that concentrate the organochlorinated compounds in their tissues, the sum of ICES 7 PCBs concentrations was relatively high. It ranged from 64.2 to 185.8 ng · g−1 dw (average 125.8 ng · g−1 dw) in samples collected from Surcouf. The level of contamination in Tamentfoust port mussels was about twice higher (225.2 ng · g−1 dw). The observed PCBs distribution was close to that of common commercial mixture and suggests an industrial origin of this pollution emitted from a continental source in addition to the port activities. Although the use of target compounds has been banned for more than three decades, they are still persistent in Algiers Bay.
Interrupted pulse electromagnetic expanding ring test for sheet metal (2015)

This paper describes the development of an interrupted pulse electromagnetic (EM) expanding ring experiment to study the high rate properties of AA5182 aluminum commercial sheet alloys at strain rates in excess of 5,000 s−1. Experiments are performed to compare two commonly adopted methods of driving the expanding ring: EM expansion versus an exploding wire. After studying and testing both methods, it was determined that EM expansion had the greatest potential for being developed into a test that would result in free-flight of the samples. By interrupting the current pulse in the EM expanding ring test, the ring is allowed to achieve free-flight, thus eliminating the need to determine the induced EM forces and significantly reducing the uncertainty of the stress-strain behaviour determined from the test. Once the free-flight condition is established, the stress-strain behaviour of the material is determined from the free-flight deceleration of the sample, as calculated from the velocity measured using a Photon Doppler Velocimeter (PDV). Results are presented for AA5182 at strains rates between 1,000 to 5,500 s−1 and exhibit low strain rate sensitivity, are comparable to tensile split-Hopkinson bar results at strain rates of 1,000 s−1.
Preface to the Special Issue on Climate-Chemistry Interactions: Atmospheric Ozone, Aerosols, and Clouds over East Asia (2007)

The major publication of the Chinese Geoscience Union (located in Taipei) since 1990, the journal of Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (TAO) publishes bi-monthly scientific research articles, notes, correspondences and reviews in all disciplines of the Earth sciences.
LLNL/NWC 1980 LNG spill tests. Burro series data report (1982)

During the summer of 1980, the Burro series of liquefied natural gas (LNG) spill experiments were performed at the Naval Weapons Center (NWC), China Lake, California. These experiments involved eight spills of LNG and one of liquid nitrogen, each of approximately 40 m/sup 3/, onto water. A large array of instruments was used to make measurements of gas concentration, temperature, humidity, heat flux from the ground, and turbulence within the dispersing gas cloud. A separate instrument array made measurements of the wind field both upwind of the spill and over the area in which the gas was dispersing. This report contains the data from these tests with an explanation of how and where the data were taken and the reliability of the instruments used to take it. It does not include analysis of the data, other than that which is necessary to understand the reliability of the data. Data analysis will be covered in a series of other reports.
Global targetome analysis reveals critical role of miR-29a in pancreatic stellate cell mediated regulation of PDAC tumor microenvironment (2020)

Abstract Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive forms of malignancies with a nearly equal incidence and mortality rates in patients. Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are critical players in PDAC microenvironment to promote the aggressiveness and pathogenesis of the disease. Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play a significant role in progression of PDAC. Earlier, we observed a PSC-specific downregulation of miR-29a in PDAC pancreas, however, the mechanism of action of the molecule in PSCs is still to be elucidated. The current study aims to clarify the regulation of miR-29a in PSCs and identifies functionally important downstream targets that contribute to tumorigenic activities during PDAC progression. Methods In this study, using RNAseq approach, we performed transcriptome analysis of paired miR-29a overexpressing hPSC cells and controls. Enrichment analysis was performed with the identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs). miR-29a targets in the dataset were identified, which were utilized to create network interactions. Western blots were performed with the top candidate miR-29a targets in hPSC cells transfected with miR-29a mimic or scramble control. Results RNAseq analysis identified 202 differentially expressed genes, which included 19 downregulated direct miR-29a targets. Translational repression of eight key pro-tumorigenic and -fibrotic targets namely IGF-1, COL5A3, CLDN1, E2F7, MYBL2, ITGA6 and ADAMTS2 by miR-29a was observed in PSCs. Using pathway analysis, we find that miR-29a modulates effectors of IGF-1-p53 signaling in PSCs that may hinder carcinogenesis. We further observe a regulatory role of the molecule in pathways associated with PDAC ECM remodeling and tumor-stromal crosstalk, such as INS/IGF-1, RAS/MAPK, laminin interactions and collagen biosynthesis. Conclusions Together, our study presents a comprehensive understanding of miR-29a regulation of PSCs, and identifies essential pathways associated with PSC-mediated PDAC pathogenesis. The findings suggest an anti-tumorigenic role of miR-29a in the context of PSC-tumor cell crosstalk and advocates for the potential of the molecule in PDAC targeted therapies.
Highly Enantio- and Diastereoselective Synthesis of 2-Substituted 1-Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexanols (1998)

Useful intermediates in organic synthesis, optically active bicyclic cyclopropanols were difficult to prepare by existing methods. They can now be readily synthesized with high enantio- and diastereoselectivity from Oppolzer's N-acylcamphorsultams and [Ti(OiPr)<sub>2</sub> (η<sup>2</sup> -propene)] [Eq. (a)]. R=alkyl, alkenyl, benzyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylsiloxyalkyl.
The type IV pilin PilA couples surface attachment and cell-cycle initiation in Caulobacter crescentus (2020)

Understanding how bacteria colonize surfaces and regulate cell-cycle progression in response to cellular adhesion is of fundamental importance. Here, we use transposon sequencing in conjunction with fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy to uncover the molecular mechanism for how surface sensing drives cell-cycle initiation in <i>Caulobacter crescentus</i> We identify the type IV pilin protein PilA as the primary signaling input that couples surface contact to cell-cycle initiation via the second messenger cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP). Upon retraction of pili filaments, the monomeric pilin reservoir in the inner membrane is sensed by the 17-amino acid transmembrane helix of PilA to activate the PleC-PleD two-component signaling system, increase cellular c-di-GMP levels, and signal the onset of the cell cycle. We termed the PilA signaling sequence CIP for "cell-cycle initiating pilin" peptide. Addition of the chemically synthesized CIP peptide initiates cell-cycle progression and simultaneously inhibits surface attachment. The broad conservation of the type IV pili and their importance in pathogens for host colonization suggests that CIP peptide mimetics offer strategies to inhibit surface sensing, prevent biofilm formation and control persistent infections.
Computer-Assistierte Histologie für die Diagnose von Barrett-Ösophagus - Eine Pilotstudie (2012)

Die Refluxerkrankung ist eine der häufigsten gastroenterologischen Erkrankungen und zeigt eine zunehmende Häufigkeit in den Industrienationen. Die Folge einer chronischen Refluxerkrankung und Vorstufe für ein Adenokarzinom ist der Barrett-Ösophagus. Zur Diagnose wird eine endoskopische Biopsie durchgeführt und histologisch untersucht. Die Untersuchung unter dem Mikroskop ist eine bildbasierte Methode und es liegt nahe, Pathologen durch eine automatische Vorauswertung der Bilder bei der Diagnostik zu unterstützen. Ziel dieser Pilotstudie ist die Evaluierung von Möglichkeiten, 3 Typen von Gewebe (Barrett-Ösophagus (BO), Cardia (CS) und Plattenepithel (PE)) in digitalisierten Gewebeschnitten automatisch zu unterscheiden.
Cенсорна система для визначення сульфаметоксазолу на основі молекулярно імпринтованих полімерних мембран (2017)

Проблематика. Розробка сенсорних систем на основі штучних аналогів біологічних макромолекул є актуальною для сучасної аналітичної біотехнології, оскільки забезпечує нові ефективні експрес-методи детекції малих органічних молекул, в тому числі фармацевтичних препаратів.&#13;\nМета дослідження. У роботі пропонується аналітична система для високоселективного та чутливого визначення сульфаметоксазолу на основі молекулярно імпринтованих полімерних (МІП) мембран, синтезованих&#13;\nіз застосуванням методу полімеризації in situ у комбінації з методом комп’ютерного моделювання.&#13;\nМетодика реалізації. Молекули сульфаметоксазолу, селективно адсорбовані штучними рецепторними сайтами у структурі МІП мембран, візуалізували завдяки їх здатності формувати забарвлені у коричневий колір&#13;\nкомплекси після реакції з фериціанідом калію та нітропрусидом натрію в лужному середовищі.&#13;\nРезультати дослідження. Межа визначення сульфаметоксазолу становила 2 мМ, а лінійний динамічний&#13;\nдіапазон роботи сенсорної системи — 2—15 мМ, що дає змогу визначати сульфаметоксазол у фармацевтичних&#13;\nпрепаратах. Стабільність розроблених сенсорних систем на основі МІП становила принаймні 6 місяців, що&#13;\nзначно перевищує стабільність аналогічних пристроїв на основі природних рецепторів.&#13;\nВисновки. Доведено придатність розроблених сенсорних систем для аналізу сульфаметоксазолу як у модельних, так і в реальних зразках (комерційно доступних фармацевтичних препаратах). Розроблені сенсорні системи характеризуються високою селективністю, чутливістю, портативністю та невисокою вартістю.