gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bio‐Traps Coupled with Molecular Biological Methods and Stable Isotope Probing Demonstrate the In Situ Biodegradation Potential of MTBE and TBA in Gasoline‐Contaminated Aquifers (2008)

Abstract Biofilms characteristic of aquifer conditions can be rapidly and efficiently collected using in situ microcosms or “bio‐traps” containing Bio‐Sep ® beads (25% Nomex and 75% powdered activated carbon [PAC]) (University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma). Bio‐Sep beads can be “baited” with a variety of organic compounds by vapor‐phase adsorption onto the PAC component of the beads under reduced pressure. In the aquifer, the bait or the amendment does not substantially leach into the aquifer but is available to the bacteria as a carbon source within the bead. When the organic compound is labeled with 13 C, phospholipids may be extracted from bead biofilms postincubation and derived fatty acid methyl esters analyzed for 13 C. Incorporation of 13 C into biomass provides proof of current in situ degradation potential. We have now Bio‐Sep beads with 13 C‐labeled methyl‐ tert ‐butyl ether (MTBE) and tert ‐butyl alcohol (TBA). Deployment of these 13 C‐amended bio‐traps has been coupled with molecular biological methods and stable isotope probing to demonstrate the biodegradation of MTBE and TBA in an anaerobic gasoline plume in southern California. Nonamended bio‐traps were deployed at the same site as a preexperiment to determine if spatial variations in microbial community structure could be linked to concentrations of oxygenates or other electron donors. Analysis of biofilm phospholipids and DNA from nonamended bio‐traps demonstrated a clear relationship between various aspects of the subsurface microbial community structure and the concentration of TBA. There was no correlation of any phospholipid fatty acid or DNA attributes with the concentrations of MTBE; benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX); or gasoline range total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHg). Deployment of 13 C‐MTBE‐ or 13 C‐TBA‐amended bio‐traps in the plume clearly demonstrated the degradation of both MTBE and TBA under aquifer conditions through incorporation of 13 C into membrane phospholipids.
Triple procedure in posterior segment intraocular foreign body. (1998)

Three patients with intraocular foreign bodies and traumatic cataracts underwent single stage pars plana lensectomy with anterior capsule preservation, vitrectomy, removal of the foreign body, and intraocular lens implantation. The preserved anterior capsule permitted support for the placement of an intraocular lens in the posterior chamber in the ciliary sulcus. The procedure enabled early visual rehabilitation. This procedure seems useful in the management of posterior segment intraocular foreign body associated with cataract.
Automated Analysis of Retinal Images for Detection of Referable Diabetic Retinopathy (2013)

The IDP has high sensitivity and specificity to detect RDR. Computer analysis of retinal photographs for DR and automated detection of RDR can be implemented safely into the DR screening pipeline, potentially improving access to screening and health care productivity and reducing visual loss through early treatment.
Analysing covert social network foundation behind terrorism disaster (2009)

This paper addresses a method to analyse the covert social network foundation hidden behind the terrorism disaster. It is to solve a node discovery problem, which means to discover a node, which functions relevantly in a social network, but escaped from monitoring on the presence and mutual relationship of nodes. The method aims at integrating the expert investigator's prior understanding, insight on the terrorists' social network nature derived from the complex graph theory and computational data processing. The social network responsible for the 9/11 attack in 2001 is used to execute simulation experiment to evaluate the performance of the method.
Electricity restructuring in France (2004)

The trend shows that the electricity restructuring in France is leading the several aspects of this evolution in Europe. This paper presents an overview of the electrical market situation in France. Among the questions addressed by this paper are: What is the status of restructuring in France? Who are the real players in the French electricity market? What is actually the panel of electricity production plants inside the country? The paper discusses some of the issues that are managed by the French market to fulfill the European mandatory requirements. At this time, there are some concerns about the French market. For instance, what has been accomplished by the French trading market Powernext? What are the roles of players in the market its future? Will the French market complete its role in becoming the major European trading place in near future? What will the market look like after the new European laws of last November are enforced? What will be the impact of restructuring on the entire country?.
Prediction of Environmental Costs of Construction Noise and Vibration at the Preconstruction Phase (2014)

Construction noise and vibration in urban areas are environmental impacts that cause damage to humans. A model for predicting the environmental costs of construction noise and vibration was developed in this study. The model uses noise- and vibration-level data of construction equipment to predict the construction noise and vibration levels and estimates the environmental costs based on the predicted noise and vibration levels. Monte Carlo simulation was used to develop the model, considering the uncertainty of the noise- and vibration-level data of construction equipment. As it is difficult to collect actual compensation cost data for noise and vibration, the validity of the model was verified by comparing the actual noise and vibration levels measured at six receiving nodes with the predicted noise and vibration levels. The results showed that the predicted noise and vibration levels differed by 2.76 dBA (4.28%) and −3.76 dBV (−5.35%) from the actual noise and vibration levels, respectively. The correlation coefficients of the predicted and measured results were 0.991 and 0.982, respectively, which show that the model was reasonably accurate. The case study showed that the environmental cost of noise and vibration was US$237,679.25 when the noise barrier was not installed. It is expected that the developed model can be used to establish a mitigation strategy for contractors to reduce damage due to construction noise and vibration in the preconstruction phase.
Gene Therapy Approaches for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration (2004)

Several in vitro and in vivo studies have documented the capacity of gene therapy to favorably modify the biologic functions of intervertebral disc cells with the delivery of the cDNA for various growth factors. Currently, investigators are exploring the efficacy and safety of gene therapy in animal models of degeneration. With promising initial results and an immense potential clinical impact, gene therapy approaches for treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration will continue to receive dedicated research efforts.
ChemInform Abstract: 6‐SUBSTITUTED 2,4‐DIPHENYL‐1,3,4‐OXADIAZIN‐5‐ONES (1978)

Abstract Reaktion der Komponenten (I) und (II) gibt das Hydrazid (III), das zum Oxadiazinon (IV) cyclisiert wird.
Respiratory Filters and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: Composition, Efficacy Tests and Advantages and Disadvantages (2011)

Respiratory filters are devices with a high capacity to prevent the passage of microorganisms. The use of respiratory filters interposed in respiratory circuits to avoid ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) was proposed after reports between 1952 and 1972 of several outbreaks of respiratory infections attributed to contamination of anesthesia machines; however, none of the reports presented a bacteriological demonstration of a cause-and-effect relationship. The use of respiratory filters has not decreased the incidence of VAP in patients on anesthesia machines and in critically ill patients. Besides, respiratory filters could have some undesirable effects such as the increase of resistance to inspiratory airflow, increase of resistance to expiratory airflow and increase of dead space in the breathing circuit. Thus, the use of respiratory filters is not routinely necessary; however, they should be used in patients with suspected or confirmed highly communicable respiratory infections (such as bacillary pulmonary tuberculosis) and who require mechanical ventilation).
Discotic liquid crystals (1990)

Recent studies have established that many compounds composed of disc-shaped molecules exhibit stable thermotropic liquid crystalline phases. They are now referred to as discotic liquid crystals. Structurally, most of them fall into two distinct categories, the columnar and the nematic. The columnar phase, in its simplest form, has long-range translational periodicity in two dimensions and liquid-like disorder in the third, whereas the nematic phase is an orientationally ordered arrangement of discs without any long-range translational order. This review article describes the detailed structures of the various discotic phases and some of their important physical properties.
Supplementary Data from Natural Killer Cells are Scarce in Colorectal Carcinoma Tissue Despite High Levels of Chemokines and Cytokines (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures S1-S5; Supplementary Table S1.&lt;/p&gt;
로진-말레산 부가물과 디이소시아네이트로부터 폴리아미드이미드의 합성시 용제의 효과 (1990)

로진과 말레산무수물로부터 rosin-maleic anhydride adduct (RMA)를 합성하고 이를 방향족디이소시아네이트와 반응시켜서 폴리아미드이미드를 합성하였다. 반응촉매로는 Sodium methoxide(CH_3ONa)를 사용하였고 반응용제로는 N- 메틸- 2- 피를리돈(이하 NMP)을 사용하였다. NMP는 방향족디이소시아네이트와 부반응을 하기 때문에 중합체의 수율과 점성도가 낮았다. 부반응을 줄이기 위하여 NMP에 방향족용제인 크실렌, 아세토페논, 벤조니트릴 및 니트로벤젠을 공용제로 혼합, 사용하였다. 극성이 비교적 작은 공용제의 혼합시 공용제 혼합비율이 60%인 경우 약 70%정도, 극성이 비교적 큰 공용제의 혼합계에서는 혼합비율이 40%인 경우 90% 이상의 수율로서 높은 수율을 얻을 수 있었다. 중합체는 무정형이거나 약간의 결정성을 갖는 구조였으며 고극성용제에서만 용해하였다. 중합체의 점성도는 0.12-0.26dl/g의 범위였다. 열분석 결과 중합체의 초기분해온도는 330℃ 이상으로서 양호한 열안정성을 나타내었다.
Online Prediction of Switching Graph Labelings with Cluster Specialists (2019)

We address the problem of predicting the labeling of a graph in an online setting&#13;\nwhen the labeling is changing over time. We present an algorithm based on a&#13;\nspecialist [11] approach; we develop the machinery of cluster specialists which&#13;\nprobabilistically exploits the cluster structure in the graph. Our algorithm has&#13;\ntwo variants, one of which surprisingly only requires O(log n) time on any trial&#13;\nt on an n-vertex graph, an exponential speed up over existing methods. We&#13;\nprove switching mistake-bound guarantees for both variants of our algorithm.&#13;\nFurthermore these mistake bounds smoothly vary with the magnitude of the change&#13;\nbetween successive labelings. We perform experiments on Chicago Divvy Bicycle&#13;\nSharing data and show that our algorithms significantly outperform an existing&#13;\nalgorithm (a kernelized Perceptron) as well as several natural benchmarks.
MAPbI3 Self‐Recrystallization Induced Performance Improvement for Oxygen‐Containing Functional Groups Decorated Carbon Nanotube‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells (2019)

Self-Recrystallization In article number 1900302, Keiko Waki and co-workers discover the ability of functionalized carbon nanotubes to make use of the self-recrystallization nature of perovskites. As a result, junctions between perovskite layers and electrodes are reconstructed, leading to a reduction of charge transfer resistance and a significant improvement in the conversion efficiency, for instance from 3.21% to 11.19%, after 77 days of storage in ambient air.
SURFACE TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT OF A AUTOMOBILE TIRE (1992)

Surface temperature of a automobile tire rises by heat generated with the repetition of deformation and deflection of the tire, and with the heat generated by friction at the tire contact surface ground. Non-contact measurement of tire surface temperature distribution with infrared rays is beneficial to such fundamental study of tire characteristics as endurance, rolling resistance and wear.Furthermore, the data can also be used for improvement research in tire design factor such as tire profile.Relations among tire surface temperature distribution and tire characteristics are explained with some examples.
Effects of capsaicin pretreatment on 2-deoxy-D-glucose- and acetylcholine-induced catecholamine secretion from the adrenal medulla. (1989)

A pungent principle of hot red pepper, capsaicin (CAP) is non-nutrient, but enhances energy metabolism via catecholamine secretion from the adrenal medulla1* through activation of the central nervous system.2) We have recently found that CAP treatment of either neonatal or adult rats with pharmacological doses reduces the basal and CAP-induced epinephrine secretion from the adrenal medulla.3) CAP treatments at pharmacological doses are knownto cause selective impairment of primary afferent neurons.4)
The GARP complex is required for cellular sphingolipid homeostasis (2015)

Sphingolipids are abundant membrane components and important signaling molecules in eukaryotic cells. Their levels and localization are tightly regulated. However, the mechanisms underlying this regulation remain largely unknown. In this study, we identify the Golgi-associated retrograde protein (GARP) complex, which functions in endosome-to-Golgi retrograde vesicular transport, as a critical player in sphingolipid homeostasis. GARP deficiency leads to accumulation of sphingolipid synthesis intermediates, changes in sterol distribution, and lysosomal dysfunction. A GARP complex mutation analogous to a VPS53 allele causing progressive cerebello-cerebral atrophy type 2 (PCCA2) in humans exhibits similar, albeit weaker, phenotypes in yeast, providing mechanistic insights into disease pathogenesis. Inhibition of the first step of de novo sphingolipid synthesis is sufficient to mitigate many of the phenotypes of GARP-deficient yeast or mammalian cells. Together, these data show that GARP is essential for cellular sphingolipid homeostasis and suggest a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PCCA2.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in a Pregnant Woman with an Implanted Dura Mater Graft (1994)

A 28-YEAR-OLD WOMAN with prior neurosurgery involving the placement of a cadaveric dural graft developed a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder with prominent cerebellar dysfunction that was proven at autopsy to be Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. She represents the second American to develop Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in association with a dural graft. The unusual features of the case include the patient's initial clinical presentation with cerebellar ataxia in the absence of dementia, the widespread presence of kuru-type amyloid plaques on a histological examination of the brain, the development of clinical symptoms during pregnancy, and the subsequent delivery of a child who remains healthy at the age of 3 years.
An InP/InGaAs tunnel junction fabricated on (2005)

We investigated the doping characteristics of InP/InGaAs on the (311)B plane by metalorganic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) using metalorganic group-V regents. For both n-type Si-doping and p-type Zn-doping, we found that dopant incorporation is higher on the (311)B plane than the (100) plane, and that we can dope both n-type and p-type layers more than 10/sup 19/ cm/sup -3/ at the same growth condition. Applying this result, we grew a tunnel junction on (311)B InP substrates at a constant growth temperature. The as-grown junction showed good current-voltage characteristics and is promising for device applications.
Demand response in presence of multiple suppliers (2017)

In demand side management electricity consumers are systematically encouraged by a load serving entity (LSE) to adjust their electricity demand to reduce overall costs. Li et al. [1] have presented such an iterative demand response program. In each iteration it sends price signals to the consumers against their demands for each hour of the day ahead, and smart consumer appliances adjust their usage accordingly to maximize their utility given the prices. The price signal is the marginal cost based on a single quadratic and piecewise smooth cost function. We extend previous work to allow multiple cost functions one for each supplier, and require that the LSE optimizes procurement jointly with the demand response. The price signal is then based on the optimal cost of procurement from all suppliers, computed using sequential quadratic programming (SQP). However, when the number of cost functions grows computing the price signal in each iteration becomes a bottleneck. Therefore, we also introduce an approximation technique based on knowledge compilation, in which the procurement problem is first represented in discrete form in propositional logic, and compiled into a tractable form known as decomposable negation normal form (DNNF). The DNNF is then used for efficient computation of near optimal prices in each iteration.
371. Phthalocyanines and related compounds. Part XV. Tetrabenztriazaporphin : its preparation from phthalonitrile and a proof of its structure. With a note on a preliminary X-ray investigation (1939)

P. A. Barrett, R. P. Linstead, G. A. P. Tuey and J. M. Robertson, J. Chem. Soc., 1939, 1809 DOI: 10.1039/JR9390001809
Tissue impedance spectra and the appropriate frequencies for EIT (1995)

The complex impedance of each kind of tissue depends on the frequency in a characteristic manner. Using appropriate measuring frequencies, EIT can provide a differentiating insight into the interior of a body. Therefore, a knowledge of the tissue impedance spectra of various organs is essential for choosing the appropriate frequencies. The impedance data of various tissues in different states (normal, altered by ischaemia or cancerous) show that the characterizing differences occur at frequencies below 500 kHz and down to a few kilohertz. Moreover, the spectra show that the imaginary component of impedance essentially contributes to the characterization of the kind and state of a tissue, even though the dissipative and reactive components are connected by the Kramers-Kronig relations. The course of a dispersion and the position in the frequency range, determined by the distribution of the time constants in the tissue, are clearly presented by the imaginary component. Tomographic imaging combined with spectroscopy for tissue characterization requires a frequency range of at least 10-800 kHz. The upper frequency limit depends on the fluid content of the tissue under investigation.
Vector beam generation based on spin-decoupling metasurface zone plate (2022)

As singular beams, vector beams with inhomogeneous polarization distribution have found extensive application prospects in many fields, including optical information processing, high-resolution imaging, and quantum optics. Metasurfaces with strong ability to manipulate the polarization and phase of electromagnetic waves have been harnessed to generate vector beams. Among them, the proposal of metasurfaces with different responses to orthogonally polarized waves can undoubtedly enhance the flexibility of optical device design. Here, we introduce the diffractive optics (Fresnel zone plates) into the spin-decoupling metasurfaces, called the metasurface zone plates, utilized to engender desired vector beams. As a demonstration, we design two metasurface zone plates: one can generate a focused vector beam under linearly polarized incidence, and the other is exploited to engender a vector vortex beam. The simulated and measured results simultaneously demonstrate the feasibility and practicability of such a concept. Our work unlocks the potential of optical devices and may further promote the development of metasurface polarizers toward miniaturization and versatility.
Discovery of N-(4-(2,4-Difluorophenoxy)-3-(6-methyl-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)ethanesulfonamide (ABBV-075/Mivebresib), a Potent and Orally Available Bromodomain and Extraterminal Domain (BET) Family Bromodomain Inhibitor (2017)

The development of bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) bromodomain inhibitors and their examination in clinical studies, particularly in oncology settings, has garnered substantial recent interest. An effort to generate novel BET bromodomain inhibitors with excellent potency and drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics (DMPK) properties was initiated based upon elaboration of a simple pyridone core. Efforts to develop a bidentate interaction with a critical asparagine residue resulted in the incorporation of a pyrrolopyridone core, which improved potency by 9-19-fold. Additional structure-activity relationship (SAR) efforts aimed both at increasing potency and improving pharmacokinetic properties led to the discovery of the clinical candidate 63 (ABBV-075/mivebresib), which demonstrates excellent potency in biochemical and cellular assays, advantageous exposures and half-life both in animal models and in humans, and in vivo efficacy in mouse models of cancer progression and inflammation.
Detection of Coronary Calcification by Electron Beam Computed Tomography in Cardiac Transplant Recipients (1998)

622 Background. Graft atherosclerosis (GA) significantly limits survival in cardiac transplant recipients. Coronary calcification (CC) by electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) predicts coronary atherosclerotic plague burden and cardiac events in the non-transplant population. We sought to determine the relationship between CC and GA in cardiac transplant patients. Methods: In a cross sectional study 48 subjects underwent cardiac EBCT, using 100 ms exposure at 3 mm slice distance, soon after transplant or at time of routine annual coronary angiography. Positive CC was defined as an Agatston score ≥ 4. GA was defined by cardiac catheterization as focal luminal stenosis ≥25% or diffuse luminal narrowing ≥20% by quantitative angiography relative to the baseline study after transplant. Results: 41 male and 5 female patients underwent EBCT, mean age was 54 ± 16 years. Patients were 53 ± 49 months post transplant at time of EBCT. The mean donor heart age was 26 ± 12 years. Overall, 18 (39%) of 46 patients had positive CC; mean score of 38 ± 35. GA was present in 16 (40%) of 40 patients in which angiography was available. As a screening test, CC by EBCT predicted GA with a sensitivity of 57% and specificity of 64% (NPV= 66% and PPV= 40%). Of 11 patients who underwent EBCT≤ 12 months post transplant, 4 (36%) had CC. Conclusion: Significant coronary calcification may be present in approximately one-third of transplanted hearts at the time of transplant. Thirty-nine percent of cardiac transplant patients had coronary calcification(mean of 53 months post transplant). Coronary calcification by EBCT had a fair specificity with respect to graft atherosclerosis. The presence of coronary calcification and its relation to graft atherosclerosis in cardiac transplant patients warrants further longitudinal study.
Revogação com Downgrade (2006)

Este artigo apresenta um modelo flexível de autorização que permite controlar de forma precisa a formação de cadeias de delegações, tanto através da limitação no comprimento tais cadeias, como atráves da definição de condições para aceitação de novas delegações. Direcionado a este modelo, é proposto um algoritmo eficiente de revogação com downgrade, que mantém os sujeitos com o maior conjunto possível de direitos, considerando-se as cadeias de suporte alternativas restantes após a revogação de delegações. É apresentado um algoritmo para aceitação, que verifica se há ao menos uma cadeia de suporte válida para cada nova delegação.