gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Low-Power Signal-Dependent Sampling Technique: Analysis, Implementation, and Applications (2020)

Sensors are among essential building blocks of any Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs). Acquisition and processing of their sensory data contribute to the power consumption and computation load of the overall CPSs. For data acquisition, the conventional fixed frequency sampling in many such systems is sub-optimal since a sizable number of samples do not contain important information. In this work, we propose a Signal-Dependent Sampling (SDS) method and present its associated circuit implementation. Using the proposed SDS method, the number of retained samples is significantly reduced with little or negligible compromise in the quality of the (reconstructed) signal. The associated error and added noise are analyzed and their boundaries - which can be controlled by the user - are calculated. Our experiments show that the proposed system is able to improve power efficiency of the overall system in various applications. For example, for wireless Electrocardiography (ECG), Photoplethysmography (PPG), and Electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring systems, the proposed approach can achieve a power saving of 81%, 76%, and 64% respectively. The proof-of-concept prototype system is implemented using TSMC 0.18μm and has a foot-print and power consumption that compare favorably with those of the state-of-the-art implementations. The method can be used in a variety of applications including wireless sensor networks, mobile and wearable devices, as well as Internet of Things (IoT) nodes.
Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome With Tramadol (1999)

Compared with other treatments for RLS, tramadol seems to be superior in some cases, possibly because of its unique pharmacodynamic profile. Controlled studies are needed. Meanwhile, we believe that tramadol should be considered before other opioids are prescribed. We recommend intermittent treatment and careful monitoring.
3-(2-Methylamino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one (2012)

In the title compound, C(13)H(10)N(2)O(2)S, the essentially planar 2H-chromene ring system [maximum deviation = 0.0297 (13) Å] and the thia-zole ring [maximum deviation = 0.0062 (11) Å] form a dihedral angle of 3.47 (5)°. In the crystal, N-H⋯N and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into two-dimensional networks parallel to the bc plane. C-H⋯π and π-π [centroid-centroid separation = 3.6796 (8) Å] inter-actions further stabilize the crystal structure.
Bioassays to Monitor Taspase1 Function for the Identification of Pharmacogenetic Inhibitors (2011)

The assay not only allows to genetically probe Taspase1 structure function in vivo, but is also applicable for high-content screening to identify Taspase1 inhibitors. Such tools will provide novel insights into Taspase1's function and its potential therapeutic relevance.
Handheld Device for Simultaneous Monitoring of Fast Neutrons and Gamma Rays (2001)

Currently at the INEEL, a handheld device is being developed to measure fast neutrons and gamma rays using a single detector instead of a previous two detector system. The handheld detection system presented here uses a single 1/2 inch (diameter) by 1/2 inch (long) liquid scintillator detector (BC501). This means the detection system can be made smaller, lighter, less expensive, and is expected to be more sensitive than the original system. A smaller and lighter device makes it possible to be used in several applications such as customs inspection, border security, environmental radiation monitoring, and so on. The use of only one detector requires that the neutrons and gamma rays be distinguished by the shape of their pulses in the detector. Two methods of pulse shape discrimination (PSD) are: presented here, charge integration and crossover timing. Figures of merit were calculated for both methods for a threshold energy range of 50 to 600 keV. Results show that the crossover method gives much better PSD for electron energy of 100 keV and lower, whereas the charge integration method leads to better separation above 100 keV. However, the neutrons and gamma rays are totally separated for energies of 100 keV and above in both techniques. We are currently designing a miniaturized electronic system to be incorporated in the handheld device.
Laboratory Study of Effect of Overburden, Formation and Mud Column Pressures on Drilling Rate of Permeable Formations (1959)

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 217, 1959, pages 9–17. Abstract One phase has been completed of a laboratory investigation of formations with relatively high permeability under conditions of overburden, formation and mud column pressures. The following statements are based on these tests within the limitations described. Drilling rate decreased when mud column pressure was greater than formation pressure. The decrease was primarily due to a layer of cuttings and mud particles held to the hole bottom by the difference in pressure. Much of the force of the bit was wasted in this layer and was unavailable for penetrating virgin formation. Adequate jet velocities helped clean the filter cake and chips away and resulted in increased drilling rate the higher the jet velocity the faster the drilling rate. Drilling rate increased slightly when formation pressure was greater than mud column pressure. The increase resulted from cleaning the hole bottom as formation fluid flowed into the borehole. Overburden pressure had practically no effect on drilling rate. Introduction Some formations are difficult to drill in a wellbore hole but are easily drilled under atmospheric conditions in the laboratory. The reasons for this apparent difference in drill ability are not fully understood. An increase in formation compressive strength causes a reduction in drilling rate. It has been shown by Griggs, Handin, and others that formation strength increases under conditions of high hydrostatic stress. Based on these results, a decrease in drilling rate would be expected with increased drilling fluid pressure in formations of low permeability having low formation fluid pressure. Such a decrease has been shown by Murray, et al and Eckel. This effect holds even when using nitrogen under high pressure as the drilling fluid (unreported tests from the Hughes laboratory). Poor bottom-hole cleaning may account for decreased drilling rates. Even though it may not be easily explained, evidence of poor cleaning can easily be seen.
Pupil segmentation in the light-field camera and its relation to 3D object positions and the reconstructed depth of field (2019)

A ray-trace simulation of the light-field camera is used to calculate point source responses as a function of 3D source positions. Each point source location yields a unique and well-determined segmented-pupil pattern in the lenslet array's focal plane, with lateral object offsets changing the pattern's location and symmetry, and defocus distances altering the pattern's diameter. Segmented-pupil images can thus be used to infer point sources' 3D locations. Numerical simulations show that the centroids and widths of segmented pupil images can be used to deduce lateral image positions to the size of a detector pixel, and image defocus to the accuracy of the lenslet focal length. In sparse-source cases, such as, e.g., fluorescence microscopy or particle tracking, 3D point-source locations can thus be accurately determined from the observed point source response patterns. The degree of pupil segmentation also directly constrains the ability to refocus light-field images-for image defocus distances large enough that the number of pupil segments exceeds the number of pixels within a "whole" pupil behind a single lenslet, the image can no longer be brought to focus numerically, thus defining the light-field camera's depth of field. This constraint implies a depth of field larger than the usual imaging depth of focus by a factor of the number of detector pixels per lenslet, consistent with the general expectation.
THE EFFECT OF SUBSTITUTION IN Nd2Fe14-xZxB (Z = Al, Si, Ga, Co, Ni) COMPOUNDS (1988)

Almost every element substituting Fe in Nd2Fe14B lowers the magnetocrystallined anisotropy. The effect on the ordering temperature Tc is different : in particular Al and Ni reduce Tc, whereas Si, Ga and Co increase Tc. Mössbauer experiments show that the Fe atoms are substituted in a non random manner. This is supported by the different magnetic properties due to the various substituents.
Near-surface ocean current sensors : problems and performance (1979)

When current meters are used to measure mean horizontal&#13;\ncurrents in surface gravity waves, immunity to the vertical&#13;\ncomponent of flow is important, even though the net vertical&#13;\nflow averages to zero and is normal to the desired horizontal&#13;\ncomponents. A technique is presented for estimating the&#13;\nmagnitude of the errors introduced by imperfect rejection of&#13;\nthe off-axis flows (cross-talk) from laboratory measurements of&#13;\nthe current meter "vertical-cosine-response." The predicted&#13;\ndynamic response is shown to compare favorably with laboratory&#13;\nmeasurements. The measured steady state vertical-cosine-response&#13;\nfunctions for several practical current sensors are&#13;\nsummarized and used to estimate the magnitude of wave-induced&#13;\nerrors in horizontal mean current measurements. A new dye&#13;\ntechnique for evaluating near-surface current meter performance&#13;\nin waves is shown.
Underlying Mechanisms for Developing Process Signatures in Manufacturing (2018)

The concept of Process Signatures allows the reliable and knowledge-based prediction of material modifications (e.g., changes of hardness, residual stress, microstructure and chemical composition) researchers in the field of surface integrity, and manufacturing technologies have already been seeking for a long time. A Process Signature is based on the correlation between the internal material loads in manufacturing processes (e.g., stress, strain, temperature) and the resulting material modifications. The target of this paper is to get a comprehensive view on the development of single Process Signature Components for processes with different predominant impacts. Particularly, a mechanism-based approach leading to significant descriptives of internal material loads for a specific material modification is proposed. By this, a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms leading to changes of the workpiece surface layer properties caused by manufacturing processes is provided. The challenging identification of significant mechanisms and descriptives of internal material loads is highlighted for each process, and supporting measurement methods and modeling approaches are presented. Process Signatures are expected to enable the solution of the so-called inverse problem in manufacturing.
Steric-Free Bioorthogonal Labeling of Post-translational Modification Substrates Based on A Fluorine-Thiol/Selenol Displacement Reaction (2021)

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) diversify the functions and control the stability of proteins by the covalent addition of chemical groups or proteins. These modifications include phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, methylation, ubiquitination, etc. and affect all aspects of cellular activities. Dysregulation of PTMs is often linked to aging, oncogenesis, and various autoimmune diseases. Proteins involved in the PTM writing, removing, and reading process are very important biomarkers and hot therapeutic targets. Yet, current chemical methodologies to globally profiling PTM substrates rely on coppercatalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction in which bulky alkyne or azide groups in length and size are used. The intrinsic steric hinderance limits the general application of chemical reporters to metabolic incorporation by PTM writers possessing spacious active pockets.This dissertation will start with the demonstration that the alpha fluorine to amide bond was a steric free chemical reporter in protein acetylation. Fluorinated cofactors or precursors could be utilized by acetyltransferases to modify peptides and proteins both in vitro and in live cells. A novel bioorthogonal reaction named as fluorine thiol displacement reaction &#13;\n (FTDR) using thiophenol as the warhead was developed for converting a fluorine label in biomolecules to a fluorophore or biotin tag. This whole platform showed great potential to label, image, and enrich acetylation substrates.&#13;\nAnother goal of this dissertation was the evolution of FTDR to fluorine selenol displacement reaction (FSeDR). Aliphatic selenol, aromatic selenol and thiol derivatives were compared in parallel in the labelling of fluorinated small molecules and proteins. Aliphatic selenol displayed the best reactivity under the mild physiological condition and exhibited a high degree of chemical stability. The updated platform was then used in the SILAC-based quantitative proteomics study of acetylation in the prostate cancer cell PC-3.&#13;\nThe final goal of this dissertation focuses on the study of steric-free bioorthogonal labeling of glycosylation substrates based on FSeDR. The fluorine-tag labelled unnatural monosaccharides could be utilized by glycotransferases in live cells to modify sialylated glycoproteins, N-glycoproteins, and O-GlcNAcylated proteins. With the help of FSeDR, the fluorine reporter was further functionalized to fluorescent probes or affinity tags for imaging or enrichment studies. The steric-free fluorine reporter has the potential to become a powerful chemical reporter for glycan labelling.
Androstenedione Up-Regulation of Endometrial Aromatase Expression via Local Conversion to Estrogen: Potential Relevance to the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis (2008)

Exposure of endometrial cells to A4 may enhance CYP19 gene expression through its aromatization to estrogens.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured Wires (1D) to Plates (3D) LiV<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> Combining Sol–Gel and Electrospinning Processes (2009)

Using the combined techniques of sol-gel and electrospinning, nanostructures (wire (1D) to plates (3D)) of LiV3O8 are prepared with poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) as the template. A precursor gel of LiOH-V2O5 is prepared in alkaline medium. Fibrous membranes of PVA with different weight% of LiOH-V2O5 gel are prepared by electrospinning and designated as PVA/LiOH-V2O5 composite membrane fibers. The composite fibrous membranes are subjected to calcination at 500 degrees C to obtain different nanostructured LiV3O8. FESEM images of LiV3O8 inform that as the loading % of LiOH-V2O5 gel in the composite membrane increased, the morphology of LiV3O8 changed from fibrous wires (1D) to plates (3D). FESEM images reveal that the diameters of the composite fibrous membranes, PVA/LiOH-V2O5 are in the range of 80-120 nm. Results from X-ray diffraction and thermal studies clearly confirm the formation of LiV3O8 after calcination of PVA/LiOH-V2O5 composite membrane at 500 degrees C. It is presumed that this preparation strategy can be extended to obtain nanostructures of other inorganic oxides.
Magnetic-field and temperature dependencies of the electrical resistance near the magnetic and crystallographic first-order phase transition ofGd5(Si2Ge2) (1999)

The magnetic field (0 to 4 T) and temperature (5 to 320 K) dependencies of the electrical resistance of ${\mathrm{Gd}}_{5}{(\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}}_{2}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{2})$ have been measured. Upon heating in zero-magnetic field ${\mathrm{Gd}}_{5}{(\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}}_{2}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{2})$ undergoes a simultaneous magnetic and crystallographic phase transition at about 276 K. The electrical resistance of ${\mathrm{Gd}}_{5}{(\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}}_{2}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{2})$ changes drastically and has significant temperature and magnetic-field hystereses. The magnetoresistance has a negative peak of -26% between 274 and 295 K in a 4 T magnetic field, which is associated with the transition from the low-temperature, low-resistance ferromagnetic orthorhombic to the high-temperature, high-resistance paramagnetic monoclinic phase. The increase of the total resistance upon transformation from the magnetically ordered orthorhombic to magnetically disordered monoclinic phase correlates with the differences between the two crystallographic modifications of ${\mathrm{Gd}}_{5}{(\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}}_{2}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{2}).$ The behavior of the electrical resistance as a function of magnetic field between 262 and 282 K shows the presence of temperature-dependent critical magnetic fields, which can reversibly transform both the magnetic and crystal structures of the material. The magnetic phase diagram obtained from the magnetic-field and temperature dependencies of the electrical resistance of ${\mathrm{Gd}}_{5}{(\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}}_{2}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{2})$ is proposed.
Details of the Partial Unfolding of T4 Lysozyme on Quartz Using Site‐Directed Spin Labeling (2006)

Spin doctoring: Site-directed spin labeling was used to determine the structure of T4 lysozyme adsorbed on quartz. At high ionic strength significant changes of the backbone fold are limited to the region around the enzymatic cleft. In contrast, at low ionic strength the previously unperturbed parts of the protein interact with the surface. Hydrophobic interactions are thought to play an important role in the partial unfolding at high ionic strength.
Drosophila Ulp1, a Nuclear Pore-associated SUMO Protease, Prevents Accumulation of Cytoplasmic SUMO Conjugates (2004)

SUMO is a small ubiquitin-like protein that becomes covalently conjugated to a variety of target proteins, the large majority of which are found in the nucleus. Ulp1 is a member of a family of proteases that control SUMO function positively, by catalyzing the proteolytic processing of SUMO to its mature form, and negatively, by catalyzing SUMO deconjugation. In Drosophila S2 cells, depletion of Ulp1 by RNA interference results in a dramatic change in the overall spectrum of SUMO conjugates, indicating that SUMO deconjugation is substrate-specific and plays a critical role in determining the steady state targets of SUMO conjugation. Ulp1 normally serves to prevent the accumulation of SUMO-conjugated forms of a number of proteins, including the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase EPRS. In the presence of Ulp1, most SUMO conjugates reside in the nucleus. However, in its absence, SUMO-conjugated EPRS accumulates in the cytoplasm, contributing to an overall shift of SUMO from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The ability of Ulp1 to restrict SUMO conjugates to the nucleus is independent of its role as a SUMO-processing enzyme because Ulp1-dependent nuclear localization of SUMO is even observed when SUMO is expressed in a preprocessed form. Studies of a Ulp1-GFP fusion protein suggest that Ulp1 localizes to the nucleoplasmic face of the nuclear pore complex. We hypothesize that, as a component of the nuclear pore complex, Ulp1 may prevent proteins from leaving the nucleus with SUMO still attached.
Microbial metabolite triggers antimicrobial defense (2015)

Bacteria can activate innate immune responses by releasing a metabolite that enters host cells [Also see Report by Gaudet et al. ]
Beryllium Adsorption at Transition Aluminas: Implications for Environmental Science and Oxidation of Aluminum Alloys (2010)

It is demonstrated that γ- and η-aluminas (transition Al2O3 polytypes with defect spinel structure) can effectively capture beryllium atoms. Although the bulk crystal structures of these two oxides are characterized only by slight differences in cation vacancy distributions, the interactions of Be with the two polytypes are different. For γ-Al2O3, the Be adsorption energy is high (∼5 eV per atom) and all Be atoms are captured and trapped at the surface—all attempts to move Be in the subsurface region result in its expulsion back to the surface. On the other hand, for η-alumina, Be atoms can be captured both at the surface and in octahedrally coordinated subsurface cation vacancies. This result implies that both aluminas could be successfully used for Be capture out of wastewater streams related to industrial processes of aluminum and alumina production. Also, the surface adsorption mechanism of Be at γ-Al2O3 explains why very small additions of Be (of the order of several ppm) to Al−Mg and Al−Mg−Si casting and wrought alloys prevent run-away oxidation of these materials in the molten state, as well as ingot cracking. We also discuss possibilities to use other additives (e.g., Ca and Sr), yielding the same protective effect for aluminum alloys but which are less toxic than beryllium.
Cardio-oncology: conflicting priorities of anticancer treatment and cardiovascular outcome (2018)

A close interdisciplinary collaboration between oncologists and cardiologists/angiologists as well as an increased awareness of potential cardiovascular complications could improve clinical care of cancer patients and provides a basis for an improved understanding of underlying mechanisms of cardiovascular morbidity.
Allergens in pepper and paprika (1998)

Mugwort and birch pollen allergy are frequently associated with IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to celery and spices. We analyzed 22 sera from patients with the mugwort-birch-celery-spice syndrome for IgE binding to the spices pepper and paprika by immunoblotting. Immunoblot results revealed two major allergens of 28 and 60 kDa in pepper and a 23-kDa allergen together with allergens of higher molecular weight in paprika. In immunoblot-inhibition studies, crude mugwort, birch pollen, and celery extracts significantly reduced the IgE binding to pepper and paprika allergens. However, no inhibition was achieved with rBet v 1 and rBet v 2, suggesting that no homologs of these birch proteins act as allergens in pepper or paprika extracts. N-terminal sequence analysis of the 14- and 28-kDa pepper and 23-kDa paprika allergens revealed no homology to known allergens. The 28-kDa pepper allergen showed homology to a wheat germin protein, and the 23-kDa paprika allergen was identified as a homolog of a osmotin-like or pathogenesis-related protein in tomato. Therefore, we conclude that the IgE cross-reactivity in the mugwort-birch-celery-spice syndrome to the spices pepper and paprika is not caused by homologs of Bet v 1 and profilin. N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis of the main allergens in pepper and paprika indicate a relation to frequently occurring plant proteins.
55.2: Integrated Active Matrix Capacitive Sensors for Touch Panel LTPS‐TFT LCDs (2008)

Abstract We have developed active matrix capacitive sensors for detecting touch events in low‐temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) TFT LCDs with Fringe‐Field Switching (FFS) technology. These sensors enable touch events to be detected regardless of ambient light and enable touch events to be input simultaneously at 3 or more points.
Genetic Analysis of Functions Involved in Adhesion of Pseudomonas putida to Seeds (2000)

Many agricultural uses of bacteria require the establishment of efficient bacterial populations in the rhizosphere, for which colonization of plant seeds often constitutes a critical first step. Pseudomonas putida KT2440 is a strain that colonizes the rhizosphere of a number of agronomically important plants at high population densities. To identify the functions involved in initial seed colonization by P. putida KT2440, we subjected this strain to transposon mutagenesis and screened for mutants defective in attachment to corn seeds. Eight different mutants were isolated and characterized. While all of them showed reduced attachment to seeds, only two had strong defects in their adhesion to abiotic surfaces (glass and different plastics). Sequences of the loci affected in all eight mutants were obtained. None of the isolated genes had previously been described in P. putida, although four of them showed clear similarities with genes of known functions in other organisms. They corresponded to putative surface and membrane proteins, including a calcium-binding protein, a hemolysin, a peptide transporter, and a potential multidrug efflux pump. One other showed limited similarities with surface proteins, while the remaining three presented no obvious similarities with known genes, indicating that this study has disclosed novel functions.