gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Specificity in CheR Methyltransferase Function (2013)

Chemosensory pathways are a major signal transduction mechanism in bacteria. CheR methyltransferases catalyze the methylation of the cytosolic signaling domain of chemoreceptors and are among the core proteins of chemosensory cascades. These enzymes have primarily been studied Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, which possess a single CheR involved in chemotaxis. Many other bacteria possess multiple cheR genes. Because the sequences of chemoreceptor signaling domains are highly conserved, it remains to be established with what degree of specificity CheR paralogues exert their activity. We report here a comparative analysis of the three CheR paralogues of Pseudomonas putida. Isothermal titration calorimetry studies show that these paralogues bind the product of the methylation reaction, S-adenosylhomocysteine, with much higher affinity (KD of 0.14-2.2 μM) than the substrate S-adenosylmethionine (KD of 22-43 μM), which indicates product feedback inhibition. Product binding was particularly tight for CheR2. Analytical ultracentrifugation experiments demonstrate that CheR2 is monomeric in the absence and presence of S-adenosylmethionine or S-adenosylhomocysteine. Methylation assays show that CheR2, but not the other paralogues, methylates the McpS and McpT chemotaxis receptors. The mutant in CheR2 was deficient in chemotaxis, whereas mutation of CheR1 and CheR3 had either no or little effect on chemotaxis. In contrast, biofilm formation of the CheR1 mutant was largely impaired but not affected in the other mutants. We conclude that CheR2 forms part of a chemotaxis pathway, and CheR1 forms part of a chemosensory route that controls biofilm formation. Data suggest that CheR methyltransferases act with high specificity on their cognate chemoreceptors.
A new MEMS Gyro north finding approach using LSM for mobile robot heading detection (2012)

In this paper, we present a new approach for mobile robot heading detection using MEMS Gyro north finding method. Based on this, the robot heading angle measurement scheme is proposed; improved north finding theory and algorithm are also explained. Several approaches are applied to confirm system's precision and effectiveness. In order to find out the heading angle, we use a single axis MEMS gyroscope and accelerometer package to sense the angle between the robot heading direction and the north. At the same time, we apply the accelerometer to sense the effect of the earth gravity to ensure the targeting function on both horizontal road and rugged road. To reach enough estimation accuracy and reduce detection time, we apply Least Square Method (LSM) and Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) for the signal fitting, filtering and data fusion. Through a turn-table, we setup a carouseling system to decrease the substantial bias effect on gyroscope's heading angle. For the evaluation of the proposed method, this system is implemented to the Pioneer robot platform. The performance and heading error are analyzed after the test. From the simulation and experimental results, system's accuracy, usefulness and adaptability are shown.
Stochastic Performance Assessment and Sizing for a Hybrid Power System of Solar/Wind/Energy Storage (2014)

This paper proposes a stochastic framework for optimal sizing and reliability analysis of a hybrid power system including the renewable resources and energy storage system. Uncertainties of wind power, photovoltaic (PV) power, and load are stochastically modeled using autoregressive moving average (ARMA). A pattern search-based optimization method is used in conjunction with a sequential Monte Carlo simulation (SMCS) to minimize the system cost and satisfy the reliability requirements. The SMCS simulates the chronological behavior of the system and calculates the reliability indices from a series of simulated experiments. Load shifting strategies are proposed to provide some flexibility and reduce the mismatch between the renewable generation and heating ventilation and air conditioning loads in a hybrid power system. Different percentages of load shifting and their potential impacts on the hybrid power system reliability/cost analysis are evaluated. Using a compromise-solution method, the best compromise between the reliability and cost is realized for the hybrid power system.
Charge-induced reversible bending in nanoporous alumina-aluminum composite (2013)

Upon electrical charging, reversible bending was found in nanoporous anodic alumina-aluminum foil composites, as directly observed by an optical microscope and detected by in situ nanoindentation. The bending is thought to be the result of charge-induced surface stresses in the nanoporous alumina. The results suggest the possibility of a type of composite foil materials for applications as micro-scale actuators to transform electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Integrated description of protein dynamics from room-temperature X-ray crystallography and NMR (2014)

Detailed descriptions of atomic coordinates and motions are required for an understanding of protein dynamics and their relation to molecular recognition, catalytic function, and allostery. Historically, NMR relaxation measurements have played a dominant role in the determination of the amplitudes and timescales (picosecond-nanosecond) of bond vector fluctuations, whereas high-resolution X-ray diffraction experiments can reveal the presence of and provide atomic coordinates for multiple, weakly populated substates in the protein conformational ensemble. Here we report a hybrid NMR and X-ray crystallography analysis that provides a more complete dynamic picture and a more quantitative description of the timescale and amplitude of fluctuations in atomic coordinates than is obtainable from the individual methods alone. Order parameters (S(2)) were calculated from single-conformer and multiconformer models fitted to room temperature and cryogenic X-ray diffraction data for dihydrofolate reductase. Backbone and side-chain order parameters derived from NMR relaxation experiments are in excellent agreement with those calculated from the room-temperature single-conformer and multiconformer models, showing that the picosecond timescale motions observed in solution occur also in the crystalline state. These motions are quenched in the crystal at cryogenic temperatures. The combination of NMR and X-ray crystallography in iterative refinement promises to provide an atomic resolution description of the alternate conformational substates that are sampled through picosecond to nanosecond timescale fluctuations of the protein structure. The method also provides insights into the structural heterogeneity of nonmethyl side chains, aromatic residues, and ligands, which are less commonly analyzed by NMR relaxation measurements.
Lactobacillus rhamnosus L60, a potential probiotic isolated from the human vagina (2008)

The vagina has been increasingly viewed as an "ecosystem" whose normal microflora help protect it from invading pathogens, including those that cause urinary tract infections and sexually transmitted diseases. We tested new strains of lactobacilli as potential probiotics for maintenance of urogenital tract health, as well as prevention and therapy of urogenital infections. A strain of lactobacilli isolated from the vagina of nonpregnant, healthy, premenopausal women was identified as Lactobacillus rhamnosus L60 by 16S rDNA sequence homology. L60 was evaluated for antimicrobial activity, in vitro antibiotic resistance, autoaggregation, surface hydrophobicity, co-aggregation with other bacterial species, hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) production, and bacterial adherence. It displayed a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity against urogenital pathogens, and resistance to antibiotics commonly prescribed for infections caused by these pathogens. L60 produced H(2)O(2), adhered to vaginal epithelial cells, co-aggregated with Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, and displayed self-aggregation. In view of these characteristics, L60 is considered a potential probiotic, and will be further evaluated for preventive and therapeutic application locally in the vaginal tract.
Cost analysis of inguinal hernia repair: the influence of clinical and hernia-specific factors (2021)

From a purely economic point of view, older age and multimorbidity are demographic cost-driving factors that cannot be influenced. The national hospital reimbursement system needs to consider and compensate for these factors. Emergency operations need to be prevented by early elective treatment. Long postoperative stays and postoperative complications need to be prevented by proper preoperative check-ups and accurate treatment.
Finite element analysis of cage induction motors fed by static frequency converters (1990)

A calculation of induction motors based on the finite-element analysis of the magnetic field is presented. The field is assumed to be two-dimensional, and the time dependence of the field and the motion of the rotor are modelled by the Crank-Nicholson time-stepping method. The nonsinusoidal voltage supplied by the frequency converter is imposed on the formulation through the circuit equations of the winding. The method was tested using the properties of a 15-kW cage induction motor. The results obtained for the current and torque show good agreement with the measured results. The method was also used successfully for computing the resistive losses of the rotor winding and for analyzing the effect of the bar shape on the resistive losses.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Assessing the Stability of Alzheimer’s Amyloid Protofibrils Using Molecular Dynamics (2010)

Amyloid fibrils represent a stable form of many misfolded proteins associated with numerous diseases. Among these are Parkinson's disease (alpha-synuclein), Type II diabetes (islet amyloid polypeptide), and Alzheimer's disease (amyloid beta-peptide, Abeta). The appearance of Abeta fibrils in neural tissue is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, and many studies have been conducted to determine and analyze the structure of these protein aggregates. The principal toxic species in Alzheimer's disease are believed to be soluble, oligomeric aggregates of Abeta, but numerous studies have found that the insoluble fibrillated form of the peptide also contributes to neurotoxicity. Thus, to design therapeutic agents to combat the progression of Alzheimer's disease, it is worthwhile to understand the thermodynamics of destabilizing these aggregates and the features that contribute to their stability. In this work, we present a systematic study of several factors that influence the stability of Abeta(42) fibrils following in silico mutation. We have employed standard molecular dynamics, as well as center-of-mass pulling and umbrella sampling, to study the thermodynamics of peptide dissociation from the core of a model protofibril at physiological temperature. Results indicate that a finite level of hydration around the Asp23-Lys28 salt bridge is crucial to protofibril stability, while mutation of Phe19 to glycine has no effect on the binding free energy of the terminal peptide. Packing between Ile32 and the aliphatic portion of the Lys28 side chain serves to regulate the level of hydration in the core of the protofibril and thus rigidify the Asp23-Lys28 salt bridge. These observations are important for designing compounds that target Abeta aggregates; interrupting these native interactions may destabilize these assemblies and ameliorate their toxicity.
Automatic feedback control of an Er-doped fiber laser with an intracavity loss modulator (2005)

Suppression of Q-switching instabilities with an actively controlled intracavity loss modulator is demonstrated in an Er-doped waveguide laser that is mode locked with a slow saturable absorber at repetition rates of as much as 100 MHz. By automatic gain control in the feedback loop, stable mode locking is achieved over the entire parameter range of the laser. This approach renders laser stabilization independent of the characteristics of the gain medium and intracavity power. The pulse-shaping dynamics is not affected by the presence of the intracavity loss modulator.
Comparison of magnetic and electrical phrenic nerve stimulation in assessment of diaphragmatic contractility (1996)

Unlike the standard electrical approach, cervical magnetic stimulation of the phrenic nerves is less painful and achieves a constant degree of diaphragmatic recruitment, features that should enhance its applicability in a clinical setting. An unexplained phenomenon is the greater transdiaphragmatic twitch pressure (Pditw) with magnetic vs. electrical stimulation. We hypothesized that this greater Pditw is due to coactivation of extradiaphragmatic muscles. Because impedance to rib cage expansion is increased at high lung volumes and efficiency of extradiaphragmatic muscles is less than that of the diaphragm, we reasoned that the difference between electrical Pditw and magnetic Pditw would be less evident at high volumes than at end-expiratory lung volume. In human volunteers, magnetic Pditw and electrical Pditw were 37.7 +/- 1.9 (SE) and 32.3 +/- 2.2 cmH2O, respectively, at end-expiratory lung volume (P < 0.005) and 24.0 +/- 2.9 and 27.2 +/- 2.8 cmH2O, respectively, at one-half inspiratory capacity (not significant); at total lung capacity, magnetic Pditw was less than electrical Pditw (10.6 +/- 0.8 and 16.2 +/- 2.9 cmH2O, respectively; P < 0.05). Magnetic stimulation caused significant extradiaphragmatic muscle depolarization and rib cage expansion, whereas electrical stimulation caused virtually no extradiaphragmatic muscle depolarization and rib cage deflation. Despite these differences, the induction of respiratory muscle fatigue produced reductions in both electrical and magnetic Pditw values (P < 0.01), which were of similar magnitude and closely correlated (r = 0.96). In conclusion, magnetic stimulation recruits both extradiaphragmatic and diaphragmatic muscles, and it is equally as effective as electrical stimulation in detecting diaphragmatic fatigue.
Expression of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) in erythrogenic bone marrow does not correct hyperphenylalaninemia in Pahenu2 mice (2003)

Marrow PAH expression did not correct hyperphenylalaninemia in Pah(enu2) mice. Phenylalanine clearance may have been limited by the natural perfusion rate of the marrow compartment, by insufficient PAH expression in marrow, or by other cellular factors affecting phenylalanine metabolism in intact marrow cells. Differences in PAH activity measured in intact marrow cells vs. cell lysates suggest that hepatocytes and PAH-expressing marrow cells are fundamentally different in their ability to metabolize phenylalanine. The efficacy of bone-marrow-directed gene therapy as a metabolic sink in the treatment of phenylketonuria may be limited, although further experiments with greater marrow PAH expression levels will be necessary to definitively prove this conclusion.
Phase contrast cine magnetic resonance imaging. (1991)

Phase contrast cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combines the flow-dependent contrast of phase contrast MRI with the ability of cardiac cine imaging to produce images throughout the cardiac cycle. Two pulse sequence types are used for sensitivity to flow in one direction, whereas four are needed for sensitivity in all directions. Several alternatives for synchronization of the data to the cardiac cycle exist. Retrospectively interpolated methods can image the entire cardiac cycle efficiently. Rapid interleaving of the various sequence types ensures immunity to motion misregistration. The technique produces images in which contrast is related to flow velocity as well as magnitude images such as those of conventional cine MRI. The data can be interpreted qualitatively to demonstrate the presence, magnitude, and direction of flow, and quantitatively to provide estimates of flow velocity, volume flow rate, and displaced volumes. Phase contrast cine MRI is helpful in the diagnosis of aortic dissections, in the study of flow distributions in large vessels such as pulmonary arteries, as well as in smaller vessels such as carotid and basilar arteries, and in the evaluation of complex anatomical variants. Future developments are expected to reduce imaging time and expand the quantitative applications.
Degradation of n-MOS-Transistors after pulsed stress (1984)

This letter shows that degradation after pulsed stress is enhanced over comparable static stress up to a factor 10 and that it is a sensitive function of the phase shift between gate and drain voltage pulses. All our results are satisfactorily explained by the assumption that hot holes can be stored and released under certain field conditions in a layer of shallow oxide traps near the interface. The results were achieved by applying independent pulses at gate and drain. It is shown that this new method enables decisive tests of degradation models and the measurement of critical time constants.
Visualization and Measurement of Steady Streaming Induced in Oscillating Flow (2004)

Non-zero time averaged flows can be induced in fluctuating flows. Shimizu et al. found such time-averaged streaming to occur in stratified fluids excited in a vertical, stationary cylinder at a frequency close to the natural frequency of the axisymmetric interface wave [1]. PIV measurements have revealed intermittent formation of a stagnation region close the fluid-fluid interface that enables a jet-like flow departing from the center of the interface to be sustained over cycles. The jet-like flow induces a recirculating streaming flow that extends several diameters away from the interface. Difficulty still remains in quantifying experimentally the detailed flow structure and defining the driving mechanisms, since the streaming is more than one order of magnitude smaller than the forced oscillating flow. The present paper presents PIV data that show temporal evolution of the flow in each cycle, the effect of fluid viscosities and the excitation frequency and amplitude.
Universal prestorage leukoreduction in Canada decreases platelet alloimmunization and refractoriness (2003)

Abstract Randomized controlled trials have shown a reduction in platelet alloimmunization and refractoriness in patients with acute leukemia (AL) with the use of poststorage leukoreduction of blood products. Universal prestorage leukoreduction (ULR) of red cell and platelet products has been performed in Canada since August 1999. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 13 902 platelet transfusions in 617 patients undergoing chemotherapy (CT) for AL or stem cell transplantation (SCT) before (n = 315) and after (n = 302) the introduction of ULR. Alloimmunization was significantly reduced (19% to 7%, P &amp;lt; .001) in the post-ULR group. Alloimmune platelet refractoriness was similarly reduced (14% to 4%, P &amp;lt; .001). Fewer patients in the post-ULR group received HLA-matched platelets (14% vs 5%, P &amp;lt; .001). Alloimmunization and alloimmune refractoriness in the 318 patients who were previously pregnant and/or transfused were also reduced after ULR (P = .023 and P = .005, respectively). In a Cox regression model, the 3 independent factors that predicted for alloimmune refractoriness were nonleukoreduced blood products (relative risk [RR], 2.2 [95% CI, 1.2-4.3]), a history of pregnancy and/or transfusion (RR, 2.3 [95% CI, 1.3-4.2]), and receipt of 13 or more platelet transfusions (RR, 6.0 [95% CI, 2.4-15.3]). In conclusion, ULR reduces alloimmunization, refractoriness, and requirements for HLA-matched platelets when applied as routine transfusion practice to patients receiving CT or SCT.
Of Poverty and Riches (1999)

This trite homily, from a nineteenth century English hymn, has been held up as a classic manifestation of the outdated theodicy that once justified or mitigated the sufferings of landless labourers and the urban proletariat (Walter 1979: 19–20). Though quaintly atavistic, the words themselves and the sentiment they express remain pertinent. They announce a view that attributes the distinction between rich and poor, if not to fate, then to some inevitable ordinance or structure: a view that dwells on the spectacles of wealth and poverty (the grand castle and the public beggar) and so obscures the everyday nature and variety of the pleasures, expectations and injustices experienced, not only by rich and poor men, but by invisible women and children and by the anonymous majority that lays claim to be neither rich nor poor.
Une représentation des structures osseuses tridimensionnelles par un diagramme polaire plan de descripteurs de Fourier (1991)

National audience
Ideologies of Depoliticization in Engineering Education: A Mediated Discourse Analysis of Student Presentations in a First-year Projects Course (2015)

His scholarship focuses on human action, communication, and learning as socioculturally organized phenomena. A major strand of his research explores the varied trajectories taken by students as they attempt to enter professional disciplines such as engineering, and focuses on the dilemmas encountered by students as they move through these institutionalized trajectories.
O4‐01‐08: Analysis of ALS6 in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (2009)

It has been proposed that Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD) represent separate ends of the same clinicopathological disease spectrum because approximately 95% of ALS and 50% of FTLD cases have a common aggregated and ubiquitinated protein, TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP-43), in neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions. Furthermore, up to 30% of patients with FTLD develop sub-clinical features of ALS and 30% of patients with ALS develop cognitive verbal fluency and executive function deficits similar to those observed in FTLD. Mutations in TDP-43 have been shown to be a cause of familial ALS but other genes for this disease remain to be discovered. Recently, the gene in the ALS6 locus on chr16 has been identified as a cause of ALS (Vance et al. Science - In Press). That ALS and FTLD have common features makes the ALS6 gene a good candidate for FTLD. 310 DNA samples from cases with FTLD were available for ALS6 sequencing using conventional methods. Currently, the 2 mutational hotspots of ALS6 have been sequenced in 195 cases of FTLD but no mutations have yet been identified. The complete open reading frame of ALS6 requires sequencing in all cases before conclusions can be made to the role, if any, that this gene plays in the aetiology of FTLD. Completed sequencing data in addition to a linkage dysequilibrium analysis of the ALS6 locus, to assess if common variation of this gene modifies disease risk of FTLD, will be presented.
Phosphorus(III) Chloride (2001)

[7719-12-2] Cl3P (MW 137.32) InChI = 1S/Cl3P/c1-4(2)3 InChIKey = FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (reactive chlorinating agent;1, 2 strong oxo, aza, thio, and dienophilicity; reactive with organometallics and metal salts; phosphorus source for metal ion ligand synthesis28) Alternate Name: phosphorus trichloride. Physical Data: mp −112 °C; bp 76 °C; d 1.586 g cm−3. Solubility: sol benzene, CHCl3, CH2Cl2 ether, CS2; dec in water or alcohols. Form Supplied in: water-white liquid; widely available. Purification: generally used as received without further purification. To purify, heat under reflux to expel dissolved hydrogen chloride, then distill at atmospheric pressure under N2. Further purification is possible by vacuum fractionation several times through a −45 °C trap into a −78 °C receiver. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: the liquid is highly toxic by ingestion and slightly toxic by single dermal applications. Inhalation can cause delayed, massive, acute pulmonary edema and death. Contact with water will be violent and result in sufficient gas evolution to rupture closed or inadequately vented containers. Acids produced by contact with water can evolve hydrogen on contact with metals. This reagent must be used in a fume hood.