gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of markers specific to low-dose radiation in human endothelial cells (2012)

Exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) is detrimental to human health and is of great concern in biomedical research. Studies on the effects of long term low-dose radiation on biological systems are limited. Thus, the main objective of our NASA funded project is to develop a fully automated miniature device that can be used both terrestrially and during deep space flight to identify, isolate and analyze cells damaged by low doses of radiation. In collaboration with CFDRC, we have developed a prototype microfluidic cell sorter and have identified robust low dose radiation specific markers in endothelial cells using whole genome and customized microarrays. Recently, we have validated fourteen cell surface markers in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells exposed to different low doses (0.01, 0.1, 0.5 and 2Gy) of IR by real-time RT-PCR. Our results show over expression of markers such as ACTA-2, CD-68, FSCN-1, ITGA-2, ITGA-3, KRT-19, MMP10 and VCAM-1 at low-doses of IR. Studies are underway to evaluate the efficacy of these markers in sorting cells exposed to IR in our proprietary microfluidic cell sorting device. This device, we believe, would greatly aid in NASA's efforts to monitor possible radiation related hazards to the astronauts in the outer space.
Reflecting on 10 years of Centralized Engineering Student Diversity Initiatives (Experience) (2024)

Initiatives and Assessment.Ms. Trahan leads planning and development of new student success initiatives
Flu channel drug resistance: a tale of two sites (2010)

The M2 proteins of influenza A and B virus, AM2 and BM2, respectively, are transmembrane proteins that oligomerize in the viral membrane to form proton-selective channels. Proton conductance of the M2 proteins is required for viral replication; it is believed to equilibrate pH across the viral membrane during cell entry and across the trans-Golgi membrane of infected cells during viral maturation. In addition to the role of M2 in proton conductance, recent mutagenesis and structural studies suggest that the cytoplasmic domains of the M2 proteins also play a role in recruiting the matrix proteins to the cell surface during virus budding. As viral ion channels of minimalist architecture, the membrane-embedded channel domain of M2 has been a model system for investigating the mechanism of proton conduction. Moreover, as a proven drug target for the treatment of influenza A infection, M2 has been the subject of intense research for developing new anti-flu therapeutics. AM2 is the target of two anti-influenza A drugs, amantadine and rimantadine, both belonging to the adamantane class of compounds. However, resistance of influenza A to adamantane is now widespread due to mutations in the channel domain of AM2. This review summarizes the structure and function of both AM2 and BM2 channels, the mechanism of drug inhibition and drug resistance of AM2, as well as the development of new M2 inhibitors as potential anti-flu drugs.
OPAC: a cost-effective floating-point coprocessor (1991)

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Directly modulated CATV transmission systems using half-split-band and wavelength-division-multiplexing techniques (1998)

We present a directly modulated NTSC AM-VSB 80-channel fiber optical CATV long-distance (over 80 km) transmission systems by using 1550-nm digital distributed-feedback laser diodes, half-split-band, wavelength division multiplexing and erbium-doped fiber amplifier-repeated techniques. Good performances of carrier-to-noise ratio (/spl ges/50 dB), composite second-order (/spl ges/68 dB), and composite triple beat (/spl ges/63 dB) are obtained after 80-km standard single-mode fiber transmission. The proposed directly modulated transmission systems are simpler and lower cost than conventional externally modulated transmission systems.
Characteristics of 850-nm InGaAs/AlGaAs vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (2002)

The vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL) operating in the spectral range near 850 nm usually utilize GaAs/AlGaAs as the active layer materials. In this work, in addition to the traditional unstrained GaAs/AlGaAs semiconductor laser, the characteristics of the strained InGaAs/AlGaAs vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser and the distributed Bragg reflectors (DBR) used in this semiconductor laser are investigated with a PICS3D (abbreviation of Photonic Integrated Circuit Simulator in 3D) simulation program. The simulation results show that the strained InGaAs/AlGaAs VCSEL has a better optical performance than that of the traditional unstrained GaAs/AlGaAs VCSEL. That is, when compared with the unstrained GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well structures, the strained InGaAs/AlGaAs VCSEL has a higher stimulated recombination rate, a lower threshold current, a higher main-side mode suppression ratio, and a higher characteristic temperature, which might be owing to its narrower well width and smaller carrier effective masses.
Parametric manipulations of auditory stimuli differentially affect P3 amplitude in schizophrenics and controls (1994)

Schizophrenics show P3 amplitude reduction and topographic asymmetries. It is unclear whether the underlying cause of these deficits is primarily functional or structural. This study examined the effect of stimulus discriminability and task instruction on behavioral performance and P3 in schizophrenics and normal control subjects. Stimulus discriminability was manipulated by varying the overall loudness and pitch disparity of the two tones in an auditory oddball paradigm. Instructions emphasized either speed or accuracy of response. Instructions had no significant effects on reaction time, perceptual sensitivity, response bias, or P3. With increased discriminability, however, both groups improved in mean reaction time to targets and perceptual sensitivity. In controls, P3 became earlier and larger with increased stimulus discriminability and was consistently larger over left temporal areas than over right temporal areas. In schizophrenics, P3 latency was related to stimulus discriminability, but amplitude was not; P3 amplitude did not increase with improvement of perceptual sensitivity and reaction time. Unlike normal controls, schizophrenics had a P3 asymmetry at temporal sites, with reduced left-sided voltages. The results are not consistent with a primarily functional cause of P3 aberrations in schizophrenia and are compatible with the hypothesis that P3 amplitude deficits in schizophrenia are related to underlying pathophysiology of temporal lobe generator sites.
Supplemental Materials and Methods from Cholesterol Sulfotransferase SULT2B1b Modulates Sensitivity to Death Receptor Ligand TNFα in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The Supplemental Methods give additional details for methods in the main text.&lt;/p&gt;
Sensor system architectures for spatially-resolved dynamic strain measurement using optical fibers (1992)

Approaches to creating distributed optical fibre sensors arecompared. Pump-probe architectures have potential for realising fully- distributed systems having fast response. Quasi-distributed systems usingfibre components based on photosensitivity are also attractive.
Contribution of continuous waveform processing to induced seismicity realtime monitoring during geothermal stimulation at Geldinganes, Iceland. (2020)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;At Geldinganes Island, Reykjavik, Iceland a hydraulic stimulation was recently&amp;amp;#160;conducted to enhance the productivity of an existing hydrothermal well. An&amp;amp;#160;experimental cyclic soft stimulation concept was applied. Seismic risk was&amp;amp;#160;assessed with an appropriate monitoring network which was set up and operated&amp;amp;#160;before, during, and for some time after the stimulation activities. An advanced&amp;amp;#160;traffic light system was developed and operated for the first time in this&amp;amp;#160;setup.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A crucial element in such traffic light systems is the real-time monitoring of&amp;amp;#160;background and induced seismicity. During the experiment, real-time seismograms&amp;amp;#160;from the monitoring network were streamed over the internet to three different&amp;amp;#160;institutions (ISOR, ETHZ and GFZ), where they were analysed independently, with&amp;amp;#160;different combinations and setups of automatic, semi-automatic and manual&amp;amp;#160;methods. Both, classic pick based approaches and modern full-waveform methods&amp;amp;#160;were applied. Locations, magnitudes, and centroid moment tensor solutions were&amp;amp;#160;determined.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Many things can go wrong in real-time or near-real-time processing of seismic&amp;amp;#160;data. Sensor failures, transmission failures, timing issues, processing&amp;amp;#160;hardware failures, computational limitations, software bugs and human error,&amp;amp;#160;just to name a few. In a temporary network the challenges are additionally&amp;amp;#160;salted by the need to validate sensor responses, orientations, gain factors and&amp;amp;#160;site conditions in a short time frame between station setup and beginning of&amp;amp;#160;the experiment. Furthermore, tuning of advanced analysis methods can be&amp;amp;#160;difficult without example events at hand.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In this contribution, we would like to share our lessons learned in&amp;amp;#160;near-real-time processing of data from a heterogeneous temporary seismic&amp;amp;#160;network.&amp;amp;#160;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
Analysis of longitudinal mode wave guiding in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with long monolithic cavity (2001)

Lasing mode switching between two longitudinal modes is observed in transverse single mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with an extended cavity. Near- and far-field analyses carried out on devices with 2, 4, and 8 μm cavity spacers show an inherent relation between the transverse mode diameter and the calculated oxide- or thermally induced index guiding for the oscillating modes. Depending on the designed alignment of the optical longitudinal standing wave patterns relative to the oxide layer, mode switching can either be promoted or suppressed. Record-high single mode output powers up to 5.5 mW obtained from devices with 8 μm spacers and 8μm active diameter indicate the potential of the given device concept for low-divergence fundamental mode emission as required for many applications.
A compact inverted-F antenna to be embedded in the laptop computer for dual-band WLAN applications (2009)

In this paper, an inverted-F antenna with dual-band operations for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN applications in laptop computers is presented. This antenna is composed of a radiating strip, a feed and two meandered shorting strips, which are fabricated on a 0.4 mm thick FR4 substrate and occupy an area of only 3 × 35 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Gain, pattern and efficiency of the antenna are measured in a spherical near-field antenna measurement anechoic chamber. Good performances are obtained. The proposed antenna can be embedded inside the laptop computer for dual-band WLAN systems.
Battery Grouping Based on Dynamic Gaussian Mixture Model (2018)

The lithium-ion battery group contains dozens of similar batteries, the inconsistency of characteristics of individual batteries can seriously affect the performance and life of the whole battery pack. In this paper, we propose a dynamic mixed Gaussian model for battery groping. Firstly, the static termination voltage and the capacity are used for clustering according to conventional method. Then clustering results utilize the whole battery discharge sequence and proposed the method for battery grouping. Finally, through actual production standards, the model structure is dynamically adjusted to meet the demand for the battery grouping number. Compared with the actual production, the proposed method proves the effectiveness of the method.
Genetic factors influence the atherogenic response of lipoproteins to dietary fat and cholesterol in nonhuman primates. (1997)

Comparative studies of diet responsiveness have carried out in five different old world primate species, including African green, stumptail, rhesus, patas, and cynomolgus monkeys. The dietary variables examined were level of cholesterol (0.03 and 0.8 mg cholesterol/kcal) and type of fat (enriched in saturated vs. n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids). In all cases, hypercholesterolemia resulted from the high cholesterol diet, making it possible to identify low, moderate, and high responding species. Polyunsaturated vs. saturated fat effects to lower plasma cholesterol did not appear to be remarkably species specific, except for the more pronounced response in African green monkeys. For low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations, African green monkeys were the lowest responding species and cynomolgus monkeys were the highest. LDL particle enlargement was least in African green monkeys and highest in rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were similar among species on the low cholesterol diet, but decreased when the high cholesterol diet was fed in all species except African green monkeys, where HDL increased with added dietary cholesterol. Coronary artery atherosclerosis developed only when the high cholesterol diet was fed, occurred more rapidly, and became more extensive in cynomolgus compared to African green monkeys. Polyunsaturated fat limited the amount of atherosclerosis that developed in both species. Genetic factors regulating the response to dietary cholesterol in degree of hyperlipoproteinemia, cholesterol distribution among lipoproteins, LDL particle size, and HDL cholesterol concentration were characteristically unique among different primate species. The effects of lipoproteins were well correlated with the extent of coronary artery atherosclerosis.
A Novel 3D Porous Cu(II)-Based Metal−Organic Framework Built from H4hbpdc Ligand: Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetic Characterization (H4hbpdc = 3,3′-Dihydroxy-2,2′-bipyridine-6,6′-dicarboxylic) (2010)

The coordination polymer {[Cu3(hbpdc)(OH)2(H2O)]·2H2O}n (1, hbpdc = 3,3′-dihydroxy-2,2′-bipyridine-6,6′-dicarboxylic anion) was prepared under hydrothermal conditions. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed that complex 1 features a highly ordered 3D nanoporous structure encapsulating a zigzag water chain. Variable-temperature magnetic studies indicated the presence of strong antiferromagnetic coupling.
Environmental conditions may predispose to pulmonary infection with mycobacteria:A GIS based investigation (2001)

Environmental mycobacteria are ubiquitous organisms that exist in soil and water. Person 
to person spread has only been identified in rare cases. Members of the public at risk of 
infection include those with COPD and the immunosuppressed. To try to determine other 
possible risk factors such as environmental factors or proximity to stagnant water a GIS 
approach has been adopted. The location of patients homes were initially identified, using 
their postcode, as point incidents to investigate the possibility of clustering. Further 
investigative work was carried out by overlaying the point data on top of various other 
layers of information such as road network, OS colour raster maps, aerial photography and 
satellite imagery. Proximity of patients homes to stagnant water has been investigated 
using buffer and clip technology and the results are discussed. 
Proposed further investigations include the use of satellite imagery to discover the spectral 
signature of stagnant water, ground truth verification and plotting within the investigation 
area
Feed selection and digestibility by captive giraffe (1985)

Abstract A digestion trial with subsequent examination of feed selection was conducted using two captive giraffe fed four feedstuffs. Apparent digestibility coefficients were relatively high, indicating that the animals were efficiently utilizing the feedstuffs. However, values could be affected by the possible ingestion of soil containing acid‐insoluble ash. A high fiber pelleted feed was eaten in a greater quantity than a low fiber feed, even though the constituents in each feed were the same. Gross energy content of residual hay was higher than gross energy content of the offered hay. whereas neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber content were lower in the residual than in the offered hay. The animals did not appear to be selecting for a diet high in energy or low in fiber. Based on these results and other information, re‐classification of giraffe as a facultative concentrate selector or as an intermediate feeder may be appropriate.
Bladder exstrophy: reconstructed female patients achieving normal pregnancy and delivering normal babies (2011)

BE is a severe condition that demands medical and family assistance. Nevertheless, it is possible for the bearers of this condition to have a satisfactory and productive lifestyle.
Author response: Head-to-tail interactions of the coiled-coil domains regulate ClpB activity and cooperation with Hsp70 in protein disaggregation (2014)

Overcoming image-processing problems in the analysis of the ClpB chaperone provides a new structural model and regulatory mechanism, based on clear density for the coiled-coil domain and supported by various biochemical data.
On-demand updates after a node failure in a wireless network (2020)

Wireless networks are ubiquitous in our modern world, and we rely more and more on their continuous and reliable operation for battery-powered devices. Networks that self-maintain and self-heal are inherently more reliable. We study efficient and effective network self-healing and update methods for routing recovery following routing failures in a wireless multi-hop network. Network update processes are important since they enable local nodes to maintain the latest and updated neighbor information for routing given the network changes caused by failures. Network update also introduces control signals overhead. In this paper, we investigate the trade-off between routing performance and overhead cost with different network update algorithms and we characterize the performance of the proposed algorithms using network simulations. We show that network updates have positive impacts on routing. In particular, the on-demand route update method provides better results among compared techniques. The improvement is varying depending on the network topology and failure condition scenario.
Snapwear: A Snapchat AR filter for the virtual tryon of real clothes (2021)

In this paper, we present Snapwear, a Snapchat AR filter for visualizing real-world clothing in a magic mirror-alike experience with the use of a smartphone. Our objective is to document the steps needed to transform a garment designed for production to be ready-for-use in an AR environment. In this direction, we analyse the generation pipeline of an average avatar, the garment export from the fashion design software, its skinning and rigging to the average avatar and the simulation options offered by Snapchat. Finally, we discuss the AR experience creation process ranging from technical challenges such us body tracking and dealing with occlusions, to enabling the user interaction with the filter.
Degradation of a non‐phenolic arylglycerol β‐aryl ether by Streptomyces cyaneus (1988)

A non‐phenolic β‐ O ‐4 lignin substructure model compound, 1,3‐dihydroxy‐2‐(2‐methoxyphenoxy)‐1‐(4‐ethoxy‐3‐methoxyphenyl)propane, was degraded by streptomyces cyaneus in liquid shaken cultures. 4‐Ethoxy‐3‐methoxybenzoic acid could be identified by TLC and GC/MS as the main product, indicating the cleavage of the CαCβ bond of the aryl glycerol‐β‐aryl ether. In addition, 4‐ethoxy‐3‐methoxybenzaldehyde and guaiacol were identified in culture extracts as further degradation products.
Prognostic Health Monitoring Method for Fatigue Failure of Solder Joints on Printed Circuit Boards Based on a Canary Circuit (2013)

Continuing improvements in both capacity and miniaturization of electronic equipment such as solid state drives (SSDs) are spurring demand for high-density packaging of NAND-type flash memory mounted on SSD printed circuit boards. High-density packaging leads to increased fatigue failure risk of solder joints due to the decreased reliability margin for stress. We have developed a failure precursor detection technology based on fatigue failure probability estimation during use. This method estimates the cycles to fatigue failure of an actual circuit by detecting broken connections in a canary circuit (a dummy circuit of daisy-chained solder joints). The canary circuit is designed to fail earlier than the actual circuit under the same failure mode by using accelerated reliability testing and inelastic stress simulation. The statistical distribution of the strain range of solder joints can be provided by Monte Carlo simulations based on the finite element method and random load modeling. A feasibility study of the failure probability estimation method is conducted by applying the method to a printed circuit board on which a ball grid array (BGA) package is mounted using BGA solder joints. The proposed method is found to be useful for prognostic health monitoring of solder joint’s fatigue failure.
Combined High-Throughput Approaches Reveal the Signals Driven by Skin and Blood Environments and Define the Tumor Heterogeneity in Sézary Syndrome (2022)

Sézary syndrome (SS) is an aggressive variant of cutaneous t-cell lymphoma characterized by the accumulation of neoplastic CD4+ lymphocytes-the SS cells-mainly in blood, lymph nodes, and skin. The tumor spread pattern of SS makes this lymphoma a unique model of disease that allows a concurrent blood and skin sampling for analysis. This review summarizes the recent studies highlighting the transcriptional programs triggered by the crosstalk between SS cells and blood-skin microenvironments. Emerging data proved that skin-derived SS cells show consistently higher activation/proliferation rates, mainly driven by T-cell receptor signaling with respect to matched blood SS cells that instead appear quiescent. Biochemical analyses also demonstrated an hyperactivation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR, a targetable pathway by multiple inhibitors currently in clinical trials, in skin SS cells compared with a paired blood counterpart. These results indicated that active and quiescent SS cells coexist in this lymphoma, and that they could be respectively treated with different therapeutics. Finally, this review underlines the more recent discoveries into the heterogeneity of circulating SS cells, highlighting a series of novel markers that could improve the diagnosis and that represent novel therapeutic targets (GPR15, PTPN13, KLRB1, and ITGB1) as well as new genetic markers (PD-1 and CD39) able to stratify SS patients for disease aggressiveness.
Characteristics of Maize Stripe Virus Transmission by the Corn Delphacid12 (1982)

The relationship between maize stripe virus (MStpV) and its insect vector Peregrinus maidis (Ashmead) is described. The virus is transmitted by P. maidis in a persistent manner. 2nd to 3rd instars transmitted MStpV with ca. twice the efficiency after a 24-, 48-, 6R-, 96-, and 192-h acquisition access period (AAP) as did adults. Macropterous adults were slightly more efficient transmitters than brachypterous adults. The minimum AAP of the virus by 2nd and 3rd instars is 4 h. Longer AAP increased the rate of transmission. The minimum incubation period (IP) in both nymphs and adults is 4 to 5 days. The median IP in both age groups was independent of AAP. P. maidis nymphs retained inoculativity much longer than adults. The average retention of MStpV by 2nd to 3rd instars was 13.7, 13.2, and 15.8 days after 48.72, and 96 h AAP. whereas the average retention period in adults was 3.7, 5.5, and 6.5 days, respectively. It was demonstrated that MStpV could be transmitted by hemolymph injection and transovarial passages.