gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Simple Technique for Assessing Heel Contact in Orthoses (1996)

Orthoses are used by patients with neuromuscular disorders to control their ankle and foot position. Heel contact inside an orthosis is difficult to determine. A simple, inexpensive device was constructed that could be positioned between the heel and the inside of the orthosis. It consists of a thin, single-cell pressure sensor connected to a low-cost, digital multimeter. The resistance reading was used to determine the presence or absence of heel contact during a controlled standing protocol. The device was evaluated in 23 patients. The majority of patients did not weightbear on their heels. The heel contact of five patients was reassessed by using a computerized F-scan system, which determines plantar weightbearing forces. A 100% agreement was found between the single-cell sensor and the F-scan system. This single-cell sensor is a simple, inexpensive, and easily used device to determine the presence or absence of heel contact within an orthosis.
Normal and modified urinary nucleosides represent novel biomarkers for colorectal cancer diagnosis and surgery monitoring (2005)

The evaluation of normal and modified urinary nucleosides might become novel tumor markers, which will be facilitated in the clinical setting and helpful in the diagnosis, management and follow up of CRC. Pseu and m1G may be more promising for clinical use and be worthy of further studies in the near future.
100J-Level Energy Extraction in a Compact, Diode-Pumped Tm:YLF Amplifier (2023)

We report on 100J-level pulsed energy extraction from a diode-pumped Tm:YLF system. The table-top laser comprises a Tm:YLF-based oscillator that seeds a single amplifier to produce &gt;21J in 20ns and 108J in long-pulse operation.
Synthesis of Pyrazoles by the Condensation of C(α)- and Trianions with Esters (1976)

Abstract In addition to our previous papers2,3 on the preparation of pyrazoles from the C(α), N-dianions of phenylhydrazones and C(α), N, N-trianions of hydrazones, we wish to report preliminary results on (I) the preparation and condensation of methylhydrazone dianions with methyl benzoate followed by acid cyclization, (II) the condensation of the dianions of phenylhydrazone with methylformate, and the preparation and condensation of the trianions of cyclopentanone (III) and α - tetralone (IV) hydrazones.
Simultaneous observations of optical lightning and terrestrial gamma ray flash from space (2013)

We present the very first simultaneous detection from space of a terrestrial gamma ray flash (TGF) and the optical signal from lightning. By fortuitous coincidence, two independent satellites passed less than 300 km from the thunderstorm system that produced a TGF that lasted 70 μ s. Together with two independent measurements of radio emissions, we have an unprecedented coverage of the event. We find that the TGF was produced deep in the thundercloud at the initial stage of an intracloud (IC) lightning before the leader reached the cloud top and extended horizontally. A strong radio pulse was produced by the TGF itself. This is the first time the sequence of radio pulses, TGF, and optical emissions in an IC lightning flash has been identified.
All Silicon MIR super absorber using fractal metasurfaces (2023)

Abstract The study of blackbody radiation led to the development of quantum mechanics more than a century ago. A blackbody is an ideal absorber, as it absorbs all the electromagnetic radiation that illuminates it. No radiation is transmitted through it, and none is reflected. Now, "bodies" with high absorption qualities are crucial in numerous scientific and technological fields. Perfect absorbers can be used as photodetectors, thermal images, microbolometers, and thermal photovoltaic solar energy conversion. The spectrum of Mid-infrared (MIR) wavelengths offers numerous advantages for a wide range of applications. Among these applications is chemical and biological detection. In this study, we propose a fractal broadband silicon (Si) absorber. The proposed structure is composed of three layers: metal, dielectric, and metal (MDM), with the metal being n -type D-Si and the dielectric being Silicon Carbide (SiC). The structural composition displays a broad absorption profile across a broad spectrum of infrared wavelengths, ranging from 3 to 9 µm. The architectural design was derived from the Sierpinski carpet fractal, and different building locks were simulated to attain optimal absorption. Silicon that has been doped exhibits superior performance compared to metals in energy harvesting applications that utilize plasmonics at the mid-infrared range. Typically, semiconductors exhibit rough surfaces than noble metals, resulting in lower scattering losses. Moreover, silicon presents various advantages, including compatibility with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) and simple manufacturing through conventional silicon fabrication methods. In addition, the utilization of doped silicon material in the mid-IR region facilitates the creation of microscale integrated plasmonic devices. This combination enables the production of numerous traditional plasmonic devices. The 2D finite element method (FEM) approach via COMSOL software is used to obtain the numerical results. The suggested fractal absorber exhibits high absorption enhancement in the Mid-IR range.
Phytoene synthase from Narcissus pseudonarcissus: functional expression, galactolipid requirement, topological distribution in chromoplasts and induction during flowering (1996)

A cDNA coding for the carotenoid biosynthetic enzyme phytoene synthase was cloned from a Narcissus pseudonarcissus flower cDNA library, and the corresponding protein was overexpressed in insect cells using the baculovirus lipofection system. The full-length overexpressed enzyme exhibited very reduced catalytic activity compared with an overexpressed N-truncated form, with its transit sequence removed by site-directed mutagenesis. The shortened form readily bound quantitatively to lipid bilayers. Although it was active with liposomes prepared from plastid lipids, with phospholipid liposomes it was not, even though association took place. In this latter case, free galactose was capable of substituting for galactolipids, resulting in enzymatic activity. It is concluded that galactolipids are involved in catalytic activity, but do not serve as a membrane anchor. Antibodies raised against the recombinant enzyme made it possible to distinguish between a membrane-bound and a soluble, protein-complexed inactive form of phytoene synthase, present in the chromoplast stroma. These findings and data on phytoene synthase mRNA and protein expression presented here are discussed in terms of a possible regulatory role in color formation during chromoplast (flower) development.
Joint Beamforming and Scheduling for SDMA Systems with Limited Feedback (2006)

On a multi-antenna broadcast channel, exploiting spatial degrees of freedom supports simultaneous transmission to multiple users in the same time and frequency slot. Unfortunately, the optimal approach for such multi-user transmission, namely dirty paper coding, requires non-causal channel state information (CSI) and is hence not directly realizable. Therefore, this paper proposes a practical joint beamforming and scheduling algorithm, which supports multi-user simultaneous transmission, relies on quantized CSI feedback, and furthermore is capable of exploiting multi-user diversity. Using this algorithm, each user quantizes CSI using a codebook comprised of multiple orthonormal vector sets and sends back quantized CSI to the base station. Next, using feedback CSI, the base station jointly performs beamforming and scheduling. For a large number of users, the proposed algorithm is shown to achieve the optimal sum capacity scaling, which scales double logarithmically with the number of users and linearly with the number of antennas at the base station. To constrain the capacity loss due to CSI quantization, the required quantizer codebook size is derived as a polynomial function of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Moreover, fixing the codebook size is found to prevent the sum capacity from growing continuously with the SNR. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm achieves higher throughput than the conventional algorithms for the same amount of CSI feedback.
Phthalocyanine–DNA origami complexes with enhanced stability and optical properties (2020)

In this communication, electrostatically assembled phthalocyanine (Pc)-DNA origami (DO) complexes are formed and their optical properties are demonstrated. The formation of the complex prevents the Pc aggregation, thus yielding an enhanced optical response and photooxidative resilience towards aggregation in biologically relevant media. Simultaneously, the Pc protects the DO against enzymatic digestion. Both features solve previous drawbacks associated with phthalocyanine photosensitizers and DNA nanocarriers. The studied complexes may find use in technologies related to the photogeneration of singlet oxygen, e.g., photocatalysis, diagnositic arrays and photodynamic therapy.
The effect of temperature exposure during shipment on a commercially available demineralized bone matrix putty (2016)

During August and September of 2013, temperature data loggers were shipped to and from an AATB accredited and FDA registered allograft tissue processing facility in Belgrade, MT (Bacterin International, Inc.) to five warm climate cities (Dallas, TX, El Paso, TX, New Orleans, LA, Phoenix, AZ, and Tampa, FL). Shipping data acquired from 72 independent shipments were analyzed to generate an assessment of temperature exposure, shipment times, and shipping event durations experienced during routine distribution. Overall the packages experienced an average temperature of 26.2 ± 2.3 °C which mirrored the average external ambient temperature of 25.8 ± 3.0 °C. However, temperature spikes above 40 °C were frequently observed. The data from the model shipments were extrapolated to provide a worst-case high temperature spike of 52.9 °C for 12 h and 14 min. Multiple lots of a commercially available demineralized bone matrix (DBM) putty (OsteoSelect<sup>®</sup> DBM Putty) were subjected to continuous heating at 50 °C, to multiple worst-case temperature spikes, and to multiple freeze-thaw cycles to assess the effects of these temperature extremes on the handling and osteoinductivity of the allograft tissue. Five weeks of continuous exposure to 50 °C and 12 simulated worst-case one-way shipments did not adversely affect the handling characteristics or the in vivo osteoinductivity of the product.
European multicenter study of TRUE Test™, Panel 2 (1990)

Panel 2 of the standardized, ready-to-apply patch test, the TRUE Test, has been evaluated on 808 patients with suspected contact dermatitis. The patients were tested with 11 different allergens and the negative control, and compared with corresponding allergens in pet. (or aq.) in Finn Chambers fixed with Scanpor. The TRUE Test, Panel 2 and the control were applied symmetrically on the upper back. Left/right application of the respective test varied at random. Most tests were removed after 48 h and evaluated after 72 or 96 h, according to generally accepted recommendations. There were positive test reactions to all 11 allergens tested in the patient group. The concordance of positive reactions (1+, 2+, 3+) was 63% between TRUE Test, Panel 2 and the control method; 17% of positive reactions occurred only with TRUE Test, Panel 2 and 20% only with the compared method. Approximately 75% of all positive test reactions were explained by the patients' present or past history. Irritant/questionable reactions occurred in the same frequency for the 2 methods. Such reactions were recorded in less than 1% of all patches applied. No late reactions were recorded.
Fluoro-Substituted 2,6-Bis(imino)pyridyl Iron and Cobalt Complexes:  High-Activity Ethylene Oligomerization Catalysts (2003)

Six five-coordinate difluoro-substituted 2,6-bis(imino)pyridyl iron and cobalt complexes, [{2,6-(2,X-F2C6H3NCCH3)2C5H3N}MCl2] (X = 6, M = Fe (1), Co (2); X = 5, M = Fe (3), Co (4)); X = 4, M = Fe (5), Co (6)), were synthesized by reactions of the corresponding bis(imino)pyridyl ligands with FeCl2·4H2O or CoCl2 in tetrahydrofuran (THF). However, a reaction between 2,6-diacetylpyridinebis(2,6-difluoroanil) and FeCl2·4H2O in CH3CN provided the ion-pair complex [Fe{2,6-(2,6-F2C6H3NCCH3)2C5H3N}2]2+[FeCl4]2- (7) instead of a five-coordinate complex. The molecular structures of complexes 3 and 6 were determined by X-ray diffraction. The catalytic activities of complexes 1−7 for ethylene oligomerization were studied using modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO) as cocatalyst. At 60 °C and 10 atm of ethylene pressure, the iron complexes 1, 3, and 5 show very high activities: 4.07 × 107, 9.33 × 107, and 11.1 × 107 g/((mol of cat.) h), respectively. The oligomers formed consist mainly of dimer, trimer, and tetramer, with approximately 90% of the products being in the range of C4−C8. The complexes 1, 3, and 5 also exhibit high selectivity for linear α-olefins: >98% (complex 1) and >93% (complexes 3 and 5). The cobalt complexes 2, 4, and 6 and the ion-pair iron complex 7 are inactive for ethylene oligomerization.
A Facile Synthesis of New 2‐Carboxamido‐3‐carboxythiophene and 4,5,6,7‐Tetrahydro‐2‐carboxamido‐3‐carboxythieno[2,3‐c]pyridine Derivatives as Potential Endothelin Receptors Ligands. (2006)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Changes in Fatty Acid Composition and Distribution of N-3 Fatty Acids in Goat Tissues Fed Different Levels of Whole Linseed (2014)

The effects of feeding different levels of whole linseed on fatty acid (FA) composition of muscles and adipose tissues of goat were investigated. Twenty-four Crossed Boer bucks were assigned randomly into three treatment diets: L0, L10, or L20, containing 0%, 10%, or 20% whole linseed, respectively. The goats were slaughtered after 110 days of feeding. Samples from the longissimus dorsi, supraspinatus, semitendinosus, and subcutaneous fat (SF) and perirenal fat (PF) were taken for FA analyses. In muscles, the average increments in α-linolenic (ALA) and total n-3 PUFA were 6.48 and 3.4, and 11.48 and 4.78 for L10 and L20, respectively. In the adipose tissues, the increments in ALA and total n-3 PUFA were 3.07- and 6.92-fold and 3.00- and 7.54-fold in SF and PF for L10 and L20, respectively. The n-6 : n-3 ratio of the muscles was decreased from up to 8.86 in L0 to 2 or less in L10 and L20. The PUFA : SFA ratio was increased in all the tissues of L20 compared to L0. It is concluded that both inclusion levels (10% and 20%) of whole linseed in goat diets resulted in producing meat highly enriched with n-3 PUFA with desirable n-6 : n-3 ratio.
Cardiac Norepinephrine Stores and the Contractile State of Heart Muscle (1966)

In order to assess the role played by endogenous norepinephrine (NE) stores in the intrinsic contractile state of cardiac muscle, the right ventricular papillary muscles from normal cats and cats with cardiac NE depletion produced by chronic cardiac denervation or reserpine pretreatment were studied. The contractile state of NE-depleted ventricular myocardium was found to be normal. The resting and active length-tension curves, the forcevelocity relations, and the augmentation of isometric tension achieved by paired electrical stimulation and by increasing frequency of contraction were not depressed in either group of NE-depleted muscles. Similarly, no changes in the absolute refractory period and electrical excitability were observed. It is concluded that cardiac stores of NE are not fundamental for maintaining the intrinsic contractile state of the myocardium. Further, release of endogenous NE from cardiac muscle does not appear to play an essential role in the mediation of the positive inotropic effects of increasing frequency of contraction or of sustained postextrasystolic potentiation.
Delayed Inhibition of Agonist-Induced Granulocyte-Platelet Aggregation After Low-Dose Sevoflurane Inhalation in Humans (2008)

We demonstrated for the first time that inhaling low-dose sevoflurane (<1 vol % end-tidal) inhibits agonist-induced granulocyte-platelet interactions 24 h after administration and thus counteracts thromboinflammatory processes.
Methods for magnetic resonance analysis using magic angle technique (2023)

Methods of performing a magnetic resonance analysis of a biological object are disclosed that include placing the object in a main magnetic field (that has a static field direction) and in a radio frequency field; rotating the object at a frequency of less than about 100 Hz around an axis positioned at an angle of about 54.degree.44' relative to the main magnetic static field direction; pulsing the radio frequency to provide a sequence that includes a phase-corrected magic angle turning pulse segment; and collecting data generated by the pulsed radio frequency. In particular embodiments the method includes pulsing the radio frequency to provide at least two of a spatially selective read pulse, a spatially selective phase pulse, and a spatially selective storage pulse. Further disclosed methods provide pulse sequences that provide extended imaging capabilities, such as chemical shift imaging or multiple-voxel data acquisition.
Gear pumps with new release ports suitable for various running conditions. (Theory for the release ports and some experimental results). (1989)

Earlier equations used to calculate the positions of the release ports of gear pumps were derived without considering changes in running conditions which are apt to occur in field applications. Therefore, gear pumps designed using these equations gave lower efficiencies in some, or most, running conditions. With the support of the theory, the authors found new release ports suitable for the gear pumps to be operated under various running conditions. Experiments were conducted using two helical gear pumps with conventional and new release ports. The pump with the new release ports brought about larger deliveries and also higher efficiencies. The reason for this is explained by the theoretical characteristics of the gear pumps.
Monocyte receptors for the Fc portion of IgG studies with monomeric human IgG1: normal in vitro expression of Fc gamma receptors in HLA-B8/Drw3 subjects with defective Fc gamma-mediated in vivo clearance. (1982)

The Fc gamma receptors of reticuloendothelial cells are presumed to play an important role in the clearance of circulating particles opsonized with IgG. In order to quantify these receptors and assess their contribution to the clearance phenomenon in man, Scatchard analysis has been applied to 125I-IgG1 myeloma protein binding by a model mononuclear phagocyte, the peripheral blood monocyte. Close compliance to the criteria for linear Scatchard plots has been obtained. The kinetics of binding at 37 degrees C were consistent with a simple, reversible, bimolecular reaction. A saturable, single class of high-affinity binding sites was discerned with a Ka of 2.61 +/- 0.13 x 10(8) M-1 and a mean of 35,500 +/- 1700 receptors per monocyte. These receptors expressed approximately equal affinities for IgG subclasses 1 and 3, with progressively lower affinities for IgG subclasses 4 and 2, respectively. Parameters of IgG1 binding to monocytes of patients with dermatitis herpetiformis and normal individuals of HLA-B8/Drw3 haplotype were not significantly different from controls, despite the previous demonstration of retarded IgG-mediated clearance in one-half of such subjects. Receptor number and affinity failed to correlate with T 1/2 for sensitized erythrocyte clearance in vivo. Functional defects in in vivo clearance, even in the absence of circulating immune complexes, are not necessarily related to abnormal expression of Fc gamma receptors by phagocytes.
Antibody dynamics to SARS‐CoV‐2 in asymptomatic COVID‐19 infections (2020)

Our findings might have important implications for the definition of asymptomatic COVID-19 infections, diagnosis, serological survey, public health, and immunization strategies.
Effect of calcination on microstructure and antibacterial activity of silver‐containing silica coatings (2010)

Silver nanoparticle containing silica coatings on soda-lime glass were prepared by the sol-gel process. The effect of thermal densification treatment at different temperatures in the range of 100-700 degrees C on microstructure and antibacterial properties of the coatings were examined. The structural characterization of the coatings was performed by using scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, UV-visible and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and atomic force microscope (AFM). The antibacterial activity of the coatings was determined against Staphylococcus aureus by disk diffusion method. The mechanisms for formation and distribution of silver nanoparticles in the silica matrix with respect to the calcination temperature are discussed, and the correlation between the microstructural properties and antibacterial activity is described. The investigations revealed that silver nanoparticles were mainly in the metallic state during thermal treatments. AFM and XPS examinations proved that silver accumulated on the surface diffuse into glass substrate at higher calcination temperatures. A high level of antibacterial activity was observed for the coatings calcined at 300 degrees C or lower temperatures allowing accommodation of silver on the surface of the coating. Silver diffusion into bulk via ion-exchange with sodium and calcium ions from glass substrate during calcination at higher temperatures (500 or 700 degrees C) resulted in apparent degradation in the antibacterial activity.
Regional chemotherapy of nonresectable colorectal liver metastases with mitoxantrone, 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid, and mitomycin C may prolong survival (2001)

Our new HAI protocol with MFFM seems to be superior to HAI with 5-FUDR, 5-FU with FA, and systemic chemotherapy with 5-FU and FA at acceptable toxicity. Currently, HAI with MFFM is compared with systemic chemotherapy using 5-FU and FA intravenously in a randomized Phase III trial.
Protection and Systemic Translocation of siRNA Following Oral Administration of Chitosan/siRNA Nanoparticles (2013)

Harnessing the RNA interference pathway offers a new therapeutic modality; however, solutions to overcome biological barriers to small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery are required for clinical translation. This work demonstrates, by direct northern and quantitative PCR (qPCR) detection, stability, gastrointestinal (GI) deposition, and translocation into peripheral tissue of nonmodified siRNA after oral gavage of chitosan/siRNA nanoparticles in mice. In contrast to naked siRNA, retained structural integrity and deposition in the stomach, proximal and distal small intestine, and colon was observed at 1 and 5 hours for siRNA within nanoparticles. Furthermore, histological detection of fluorescent siRNA at the apical regions of the intestinal epithelium suggests mucoadhesion provided by chitosan. Detection of intact siRNA in the liver, spleen, and kidney was observed 1 hour after oral gavage, with an organ distribution pattern influenced by nanoparticle N:P ratio that could reflect differences in particle stability. This proof-of-concept work presents an oral delivery platform that could have the potential to treat local and systemic disorders by siRNA.Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids (2013) 2, e76; doi:10.1038/mtna.2013.2; published online 5 March 2013.