gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel Silicone Sycar&#xAE; Hybrid Adhesives for Harsh Fluid Resistance (2005)

Sycar&#xAE;-silicone hybrid materials are explored for applications where resistance to harsh environments, immersion in or contact with printing inks and other harsh fluids, is required. The primary application for such products is circuit assembly and protection materials for microelectronic devices such as ink jet printheads. The Sycar&#xAE;-silicone hybrid technology has been proven effective for circuit protection in MEMS devices where increased reliability in harsh operating environments is required. Platform work showed that Sycar&#xAE; can be crosslinked with vinyl polydimethylsiloxane through platinum catalyzed hydrosilylation chemistry. The resulting materials are flexible, in a wide range of moduli and adhere well to silicon, metals and engineering substrates. Furthermore, properties are retained when the materials are immersed in corrosive fluids such as inks. These hybrids have an advantage over conventionally crosslinked silicones, which have limited chemical resistance. It has been demonstrated that silicones can be used in small quantities to toughen fully crosslinked Sycar&#xAE;, which is otherwise brittle. These hybrids are approaching epoxies for mechanical properties but maintain many desirable properties of silicones. From this platform work, three product types have been identified, based on Sycar&#xAE;-polysiloxane. They are: hybrid gels, tough rigid elastomers, and high hardness, abrasion resistant materials which are unique to the silicone product family.
Phonons in the mixed crystalCdCl2(1−x)Br2x:n-mode behavior (n≥10) (1986)

The Raman spectrum of the mixed layered compound ${\mathrm{CdCl}}_{2(1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{x})}$${\mathrm{Br}}_{2\mathrm{x}}$ shows a complicated structure at frequencies between the corresponding ${A}_{1g}$ and ${E}_{g}$ phonon frequencies observed in isostructural ${\mathrm{CdCl}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{CdBr}}_{2}$. This Raman structure has a marked concentration dependence. General features of the results have been successfully described in terms of a simple model that predicts a ten-mode behavior for the Raman-active phonons in the mixed crystal. Particular features in the spectrum suggest that preferred clusters of ${\mathrm{Cl}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ or ${\mathrm{Br}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ ions occur in the mixed-crystal lattice, probably as a result of a difference in lattice constants of the two components.
Satellite Colony Formation: A Potential Problem in the Quantitative Assay for Neoplastic Transformation of Human Cell Hybrids (HeLa × Skin Fibroblasts) (1989)

J. L. Redpath, C. Sun, E. J. Stanbridge, Satellite Colony Formation: A Potential Problem in the Quantitative Assay for Neoplastic Transformation of Human Cell Hybrids (HeLa × Skin Fibroblasts), Radiation Research, Vol. 117, No. 2 (Feb., 1989), pp. 356-358
Specificity of T cell clones for antigen and autologous major histocompatibility complex products determines specificity for foreign major histocompatibility complex products. (1983)

We have analyzed a panel of T cell clones that corecognize defined epitopes of the insulin molecule in association with Ia for their patterns of recognition of alloantigens. A striking correlation is observed between recognition of the I-Ab gene product and cow insulin alpha loop and recognition of I-Eu of the PL/J haplotype. These results are consistent with the notion that reactions to foreign major histocompatibility complex (MHC) products reflect molecular mimicry by foreign class II antigens of 'physiologic' complexes formed by autologous class II MHC molecules and antigen.
Anode Materials C<sub>x</sub>N with Graphite-like Structure for Secondary Lithium Batteries (1996)

CN(X73U7125)with graphite-like structure have been synthesized by chemical vapor deposition(CVD)from pyridine or pyridine with chlorine at800The composition and structure of these materials have been lnvestigated by chemical analysisX-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopyThe electrochemical behavior of CN have been investigated in organic electrolyte
Organic Nanoparticles Whose Size and Rigidity Are Finely Tuned by Cross-Linking the End Groups of Dendrimers (2004)

Dendrimers with molecular weights ranging from ca. 2700 to 11 000 and from 16 to 64 homoallyl ether end groups were cross-linked using the Grubbs ring-closing metathesis reaction. A combination of SEC, MALDI-TOF-MS, and AFM were used to characterize the cross-linked nanoparticles. The data suggest a significant decrease in volume with cross-linking and a concomitant increase in rigidity, both of which can be controlled independently with a fair degree of precision.
An optimized method for 15N R1 relaxation rate measurements in non-deuterated proteins (2015)

(15)N longitudinal relaxation rates are extensively used for the characterization of protein dynamics; however, their accurate measurement is hindered by systematic errors. (15)N CSA/(1)H-(15)N dipolar cross-correlated relaxation (CC) and amide proton exchange saturation transfer from water protons are the two main sources of systematic errors in the determination of (15)N R1 rates through (1)H-(15)N HSQC-based experiments. CC is usually suppressed through a train of 180° proton pulses applied during the variable (15)N relaxation period (T), which can perturb water magnetization. Thus CC cancellation is required in such a way as to minimize water saturation effects. Here we examined the level of water saturation during the T period caused by various types of inversion proton pulses to suppress CC: (I) amide-selective IBURP-2; (II) cosine-modulated IBURP-2; (III) Watergate-like blocks; and (IV) non-selective hard. We additionally demonstrate the effect of uncontrolled saturation of aliphatic protons on (15)N R1 rates. In this paper we present an optimized pulse sequence that takes into account the crucial effect of controlling also the saturation of the aliphatic protons during (15)N R1 measurements in non-deuterated proteins. We show that using cosine-modulated IBURP-2 pulses spaced 40 ms to cancel CC in this optimized pulse program is the method of choice to minimize systematic errors coming from water and aliphatic protons saturation effects.
Radiohalogens for Radioimmunotherapy (2000)

The selective delivery of cytotoxic radionuclides to malignant cell populations is the central objective of radioimmunotherapy. The impact of radioimmunotherapy on the clinical management of cancer has generally been limited, particularly for the treatment of solid tumors. Nonetheless, labeled monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy remains an attractive approach for cancer treatment with the caveat that its success will depend on improving mAb specificity, delivery, and radiolabeling. In preclinical settings, promising advances have been achieved in these three areas and they will be investigated soon in clinical trials. First, molecular biological techniques have demonstrated that malignant transformation can lead to gene rearrangement, yielding truly tumor-specific targets. For example, an epidermal growth factor receptor deletion mutant has been identified which is present on several tumor cell populations but not on normal tissues, and mAbs specific for this receptor have been developed (1). Second, efforts to improve mAb tumor delivery not only have involved the generation of novel molecular constructs (2,3) but also have been directed at augmenting mAb tumor uptake through modification of tumor hemodynamics (4). And third, a considerable effort has been directed at improving mAb radiolabeling. In that regard, the current status of mAb radiohalogenation approaches will be summarized in this review.
Electrochemical Detection of Methimazole by Capillary Electrophoresis at a Carbon Fiber Microdisk Electrode (2005)

Abstract We developed a sensitive, simple and low cost method to determine methimazole based on capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection (CE‐EC) at a carbon fiber microdisk electrode (CFE). We investigated the effects of detection potential, the concentration and pH value of the phosphate buffer, and injection time as well as separation voltage on the detection of methimazole. Under the optimized conditions: the detection potential at 1.30 V, 10 mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), injection time 30 s at a height of 20 centimeter and separation voltage at 15 kV, the linear range was obtained from 1.0×10 −7 to 2.0×10 −4 mol/L, covering 3 orders of magnitude with a correlation coefficient of 0.9995. The LOD ( S/N =3) obtained was 5.0×10 −8 mol/L. The RSD of migration time and peak current for 2.0×10 −4 mol/L methimazole was 1.04% and 1.54% ( n =10), respectively. The method was also used to analyze methimazole tablets and human urine sample.
Improving the Annotation of Arabidopsis lyrata Using RNA-Seq Data (2015)

Gene model annotations are important community resources that ensure comparability and reproducibility of analyses and are typically the first step for functional annotation of genomic regions. Without up-to-date genome annotations, genome sequences cannot be used to maximum advantage. It is therefore essential to regularly update gene annotations by integrating the latest information to guarantee that reference annotations can remain a common basis for various types of analyses. Here, we report an improvement of the Arabidopsis lyrata gene annotation using extensive RNA-seq data. This new annotation consists of 31,132 protein coding gene models in addition to 2,089 genes with high similarity to transposable elements. Overall, ~87% of the gene models are corroborated by evidence of expression and 2,235 of these models feature multiple transcripts. Our updated gene annotation corrects hundreds of incorrectly split or merged gene models in the original annotation, and as a result the identification of alternative splicing events and differential isoform usage are vastly improved.
High-Content Screening for Biofilm Assays (2010)

The authors describe a novel high-throughput screening platform that provides rapid, reliable, quantitative assessment of biofilm formation and removal on engineered surfaces. Unlike traditional biofilm assays based on plate readers, this assay platform is based on high-content screening, which allows for multiplexing to simultaneously quantify the number of bacterial adhesions per unit area and the viability of adhered cells using fluorescent dye combinations. This platform is fully automated and has a throughput of more than 10,000 wells per day. The authors used this platform to examine the influence of different assay buffer systems on bacterial adhesion, viability, and removal on cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol coating films synthesized directly onto the bottoms of 384-well plates. The results indicated that water chemistry, bacteria cell type, and film chemistry combine to govern biofilm formation. In general, both reversible and irreversible bacterial adhesion increased with the extent of cross-linking in coating films, which correlates strongly with coating film cross-linking degree and hydrophobicity, which is closely related. The high-throughput platform offers a powerful tool for rapid evaluation of fouling-resistant coating films in addition to elucidation of fundamental mechanisms governing bacterial adhesion.
THE MAIN CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF METHYLSELENINIC ACID ON VARIOUS CANCER CELLS (2021)

Studies of recent decades have repeatedly demonstrated the cytotoxic effect of selenium-containing compounds on cancer cells of various origins. Particular attention in these studies is paid to methylseleninic acid, a widespread selenium-containing compound of organic nature, for several reasons: it has a selective cytotoxic effect on cancer cells, it is cytotoxic in small doses, it is able to generate methylselenol, excluding the action of the enzyme β-lyase. All these qualities make methylseleninic acid an attractive substrate for the production of anticancer drugs on its basis with a well-pronounced selective effect. However, the studies available to date indicate that there is no strictly specific molecular mechanism of its cytotoxic effect in relation to different cancer cell lines and cancer models. This review contains generalized information on the dose- and time-dependent regulation of the toxic effect of methylseleninic acid on the proliferative properties of a number of cancer cell lines. In addition, special attention in this review is paid to the influence of this selenium-containing compound on the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and on the expression of seven selenoproteins, which are localized in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Engagement-sensitive interactive neuromuscular electrical therapy system for post-stroke balance rehabilitation - a concept study (2015)

Stroke is caused when an artery carrying blood from heart to an area in the brain bursts or a clot obstructs the blood flow thereby preventing delivery of oxygen and nutrients. About half of the stroke survivors are left with some degree of disability. Neuroplasticity is involved in post-stroke functional disturbances, but also in rehabilitation. Beneficial neuroplastic changes may be facilitated with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) where active cortical participation in rehabilitation procedures may be facilitated by driving NMES with electromyogram (EMG), electrooculogram (EOG), and electroencephalogram (EEG) derived biopotentials, that represent simultaneous volitional effort and task engagement. During the visuomotor standing balance task, we propose that gaze-interaction (e.g., fixation duration, pupil diameter, blink rate) with the visual stimuli can be a measure of task engagement which can be used to adapt task difficulty to facilitate post-stroke residual visuomotor function. Here, the elapsed time between the last visual fixation to the target and the initiation of the motor response, known as the quiet eye (QE) period, has emerged as a characteristic of higher levels of performance. In this article, we discuss this novel interactive therapy paradigm consisting of a low-cost static posturography system combined with engagement-sensitive volitionally driven NMES for post-stroke balance rehabilitation.
A Case of Sweet's Disease. A Clinical Course of 10 Years' Following Up. (1993)

44歳時から約10年間に11回以上再発を繰り返しているSweet病の1例を報告した。初診時は弛張熱, 関節痛, 発疹がみられたが, Sweet病, 成人Still病の典型疹とは異なった。アスピリン投与で軽快したが半年後に同症状の再発がみられ, 組織学的にSweet病に一致する所見を得た。その後ブドウ膜炎が出現し, 末梢血好中球増加がより著明になり, 再発を繰り返したがその都度アスピリンで軽快していた。5年半後の再発時には皮疹の臨床像もSweet病の典型像に近いものとなり, ステロイド内服を行い, ヨードカリも追加併用したがステロイド減量で再発がみられたため, シクロスポリンを開始した。同剤も減量中止により再発をみた。その後の再発時には抗生剤, アスピリン, その他の非ステロイド系消炎剤で軽快している。これまでアフタや陰部潰瘍はなく, Behçet病, 膠原病や悪性腫瘍の合併を示唆する所見はみられていない。本症の本態の解明による根治療法の出現が期待される。
Brief Report: A phase IIa, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial of apilimod mesylate, an interleukin‐12/interleukin‐23 inhibitor, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2011)

Our results do not support the notion that IL-12/IL-23 inhibition by apilimod is able to induce robust clinical improvement in RA.
Nitrogen-Doped Graphdiyne Applied for Lithium-Ion Storage (2016)

The elemental N emerged uniformly in graphdiyne (GDY) after heat treatment under NH3 atmosphere to form N-doping GDY. The interplanar N-GDY distance decreased slightly, which may be ascribed to the smaller atom radius of N than C. Compared with GDY, the introduction of N atoms in N-GDY created numerous heteroatomic defects and active sites, thus achieving enhanced electrochemical properties, including higher reversible capacity, improved rate performance, and superior cycling stability. In addition, N-doping might be advantageous to minimize the surface side reactions and form stable interfaces, hence improving the electrochemical cycling stability of N-GDY electrodes. These results indicate N-doping is also an efficient way for improving the electrochemical performance of GDY materials.
Microwave absorption through the martensitic and Curie transitions in Ni45Cr5Mn37In13 (2017)

We have investigated the electron spin resonance (ESR) of the Ni45Cr5Mn37In13 Heusler alloy near the structural and magnetic phase transition temperatures. Ni45Cr5Mn37In13 is characterized by a first order magnetostructural (martensitic) transition (MST) with magneto-responsive properties such as magnetoresistance, Hall and magnetocaloric effects, etc., in the vicinity of the MST. Since the details and origins of these behaviors are not well understood, we used a technique beyond magnetometry, i.e., “microwave absorption”, to reveal new information. ESR studies of Ni45Cr5Mn37In13 shows that this compound is characterized by wide absorption spectra at temperatures greater than 250 K that depend on the angle of the magnetic field relative to the normal to the sample plate (α) and temperature (T). Two local maxima at about 5 and 6 kOe were detected for α close to zero degrees near the martensitic transition and Curie temperatures. The absorption spectra are discussed along with the results of the structural and magnetic studies.
Peptide Quantum Dot Conjugates Detect Integrin α v β 3 (2012)

Quantum dots (QD) are fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals composed of a CdSe/ZnS core/shell structure. QD have multiplexing capabilities and unique photophysical properties including broad excitation spectra, narrow Gaussian‐shaped emission spectra, enhanced photostability, and near 100% quantum yield, as compared to their fluorophore complements. Functionalization of the QD surface with peptide ligands is an effective method for labeling endogenous proteins in cells and tissues. Development and characterization of QD probes for targeting the pulmonary endothelium could provide a methodology for enhancing in vivo microscopy. Integrin α v β 3 is expressed by vascular endothelial cells, and is a receptor for extracellular matrix proteins, such as vitronectin and fibronectin, with an exposed arginine‐glycine‐aspartic acid (RGD) tripeptide sequence. Prior studies have demonstrated the use of RGD peptide QD conjugates (RGD‐qds) to target integrin α v β 3 in tumor vasculature. In this study, we monitored the labeling of endothelial cells by RGD‐qds under conditions where integrin α v β 3 expression is increased in vitro , by angiotensin II (AngII) exposure of vascular endothelial cells and in mouse lungs in vivo by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. Fluorescence microscopic evaluation showed RGD‐qds to be bound on the treated cells, but not on untreated controls. Western blot analysis supported an increase in integrin α v β 3 expression in endothelial cells exposed to AngII. These results illustrate the use of QD probes for intravital multiphoton microscopic studies of stimulated and naïve pulmonary endothelium.
New logic-form-equation based active voltage control for four-level flying capacitor multicell (FCM) converter (2016)

This paper presents a new active capacitor voltage balancing method for flying capacitor multicell (FCM) converter which is implemented using logic-form equations. The proposed active capacitor voltage balancing technique, measures output current and FC voltages to generate switching states to produce the required output voltage level as well as balance FC voltages at their reference values. Output voltage of the FCM converter with the proposed active voltage balancing method can be modulated with any kind of the pulse-width-modulation method such as phase-shifted-carrier PWM (PSC-PWM) or level-shifted-carrier PWM (LSC-PWM). Advantage of the proposed active voltage balancing method is its simplicity without any complex computation burden. Simulation results of a three-cell four-level FCM converter are presented to verify performance of the proposed active capacitor voltage balancing method.
Non destructive evaluation of composite materials using ultrasonic spectroscopy (2002)

The usefulness of longitudinal ultrasonic mode spectroscopy for the nondestructive study of composite materials is demonstrated. An absorption phenomenon for the reflected and transmitted energy is demonstrated for cross-ply fiber reinforced materials. This may be due to the reflection of waves at the ply interfaces. Results reported pertain to the transmission and reflection of longitudinal ultrasonic waves. The relation between the forbidden band gap center frequency and the periodicity in the orientation of piles is studied. Potential applications in the nondestructive evaluation area are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
<title>Time-sliced three-dimensional inverse image reconstruction of objects in highly scattering media</title> (1999)

An inverse image reconstruction approach that makes use of an algorithm based on the diffusion approximation of the radiative transport theory and a sequence of picosecond-duration slices of transmitted two-dimensional (2D) light intensity distribution for fast 3D image reconstruction is presented. The results of simulation and experiment for a cylindrical geometry are presented. Object localization in the lateral dimensions is better than that in the axial direction. The observed difference in axial and lateral resolutions are analyzed by introducing the concept of "longitudinal sensitivity".
Role of electrostatic and magnetic electron confinement in a hollow-cathode glow discharge in a nonuniform magnetic field (2015)

Glow discharge with electron confinement in an electrostatic trap has been studied. The trap is formed by a cylindrical hollow cathode, as well as by a flat target on its bottom and a grid covering its output aperture, both being negatively biased relative to the cathode. At a gas pressure of 0.2–0.4 Pa, the fraction of ions sputtering the target (δ = 0.13) in the entire number of ions emitted by the uniform discharge plasma corresponds to the ratio of the target surface area to the total surface area of the cathode, grid, and target. When a nonuniform magnetic field with force lines passing through the target center (where the magnetic induction reaches 35 mT), as well as through the grid, hollow cathode, and target periphery (where the field lines are arc-shaped), is applied to the trap, its influence on the discharge depends on the magnetic induction B 0 at the target edge. At B 0 = 1 mT, the electrons emitted from the target periphery and drifting azimuthally in the arc-shaped field insignificantly contribute to gas ionization. Nevertheless, since fast electrons that are emitted from the cathode and oscillate inside it are forced by the magnetic field to come more frequently to the target, thereby intensifying gas ionization near the latter, the fraction δ doubles and the plasma density near the target becomes more than twice as high as that near the grid. At B 0 = 6 mT, the contribution of electrons emitted from the target surface to gas ionization near the target grows up and δ increases two more times. At cathode-target voltages in the range of 0–3 kV, the current in the target circuit vanishes as the voltage between the anode and the cathode decreases to zero.
Design of Functional Materials Based on Liquid Crystalline Droplets (2013)

This brief perspective focuses on recent advances in the design of functional soft materials that are based on confinement of low molecular weight liquid crystals (LCs) within micrometer-sized droplets. While the ordering of LCs within micrometer-sized domains has been explored extensively in polymer-dispersed LC materials, recent studies performed with LC domains with precisely defined size and interfacial chemistry have unmasked observations of confinement-induced ordering of LCs that do not follow previously reported theoretical predictions. These new findings, which are enabled in part by advances in the preparation of LCs encapsulated in polymeric shells, are opening up new opportunities for the design of soft responsive materials based on surface-induced ordering transitions. These materials are also providing new insights into the self-assembly of biomolecular and colloidal species at defects formed by LCs confined to micrometer-sized domains. The studies presented in this perspective serve additionally to highlight gaps in knowledge regarding the ordering of LCs in confined systems.