gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Twin boundary migration mechanisms in quasi-statically compressed and plate-impacted Mg single crystals (2021)

Twinning is a prominent deformation mode that accommodates plasticity in many materials. This study elucidates the role of deformation rate on the atomic-scale mechanisms that govern twin boundary migration. Examination of Mg single crystals deformed under quasi-static compression was compared with crystals deformed via plate impact. Evidence of two mechanisms was uncovered. Atomic-level observations using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed that twin boundaries in the <<i>a</i>>-axis quasi-statically compressed single crystals are relatively smooth. At these modest stresses and rates, the twin boundaries were found to migrate predominantly via shear (i.e., disconnection nucleation and propagation). By contrast, in the plate-impacted crystals, which are subjected to higher stresses and rates, twin boundary migration was facilitated by local atomic shuffling and rearrangement, resulting in rumpled twin boundaries. This rate dependency also leads to marked variations in twin variant, size, and number density in Mg. Analogous effects are anticipated in other hexagonal closed-packed crystals.
A globally convergent Lagrangian barrier algorithm for optimization with general inequality constraints and simple bounds (1997)

We consider the global and local convergence properties of a class of Lagrangian barrier methods for solving nonlinear programming problems. In such methods, simple bound constraints may be treated separately from more general constraints. The objective and general constraint functions are combined in a Lagrangian barrier function. A sequence of such functions are approximately minimized within the domain defined by the simple bounds. Global convergence of the sequence of generated iterates to a first-order stationary point for the original problem is established. Furthermore, possible numerical difficulties associated with barrier function methods are avoided as it is shown that a potentially troublesome penalty parameter is bounded away from zero. This paper is a companion to previous work of ours on augmented Lagrangian methods.
Infrared semiconductor lasers for DIRCM applications (2008)

We report on the development and characteristics of infrared semiconductor lasers as compact and robust light sources for Directed Infrared Countermeasures (DIRCM). The short-wavelength side of the 2-5 &mu;m wavelength band of interest can be covered by GaSb-based optically pumped semiconductor disk lasers (OPSDLs), delivering a continuous-wave (cw) or temporally modulated multiple-Watt output with a high beam quality (M<sup>2</sup>&lt;3). For the 3.7-5 &mu;m wavelength range InP-based quantum cascade (QC) lasers are the best suited semiconductor laser source, delivering several hundreds of mW of average output power in a nearly diffraction limited output beam (M<sup>2</sup>&lt;2). Further up-scaling of the output power can be achieved for OPSDLs by intra-cavity coupling of several semiconductor chips as gain elements in a multiple-disk cavity arrangement. For a 2.3 µm emitting dual-disk OPSDL, a doubling of the maximum roomtemperature output power compared to that of a comparable single-chip OPSDL has been demonstrated. For QC lasers power scaling by beam-quality-preserving beam combining has been demonstrated via polarization coupling of the output beams of two individual QC lasers, yielding a coupling efficiency of 82%.
Application of network calculus to guaranteed service networks (1998)

We use previous network calculus results to study some properties of lossless multiplexing as it may be used in guaranteed service networks. We call network calculus a set of results that apply min-plus algebra to packet networks. We provide a simple proof that shaping a traffic stream to conform to a burstiness constraint preserves the original constraints satisfied by the traffic stream. We show how all rate-based packet schedulers can be modeled with a simple rate latency service curve. Then we define a general form of deterministic effective bandwidth and equivalent capacity. We find that call acceptance regions based on deterministic criteria (loss or delay) are convex, in contrast to statistical cases where it is the complement of the region which is convex. We thus find that, in general, the limit of the call acceptance region based on statistical multiplexing when the loss probability target tends to 0 may be strictly larger than the call acceptance region based on lossless multiplexing. Finally, we consider the problem of determining the optimal parameters of a variable bit rate (VBR) connection when it is used as a trunk, or tunnel, given that the input traffic is known. We find that there is an optimal peak rate for the VBR trunk, essentially insensitive to the optimization criteria. For a linear cost function, we find an explicit algorithm for the optimal remaining parameters of the VBR trunk.
TCM treatment of infectious atypical pneumonia--a report of 16 cases. (2004)

TCM intervention could effectively control and alleviate the symptoms and prevent the disease from exacerbation.
RET/PTC Activation in Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumors of the Thyroid (2000)

Hyalinizing trabecular tumor (HTT) of the thyroid is a neoplasm of follicular derivation with a histogenesis that is still the subject of debate. Morphologic affinities between HTT and papillary carcinoma, including nuclear pseudoinclusions and grooves, suggest that these tumors may be of similar origin. The authors investigated the relationship between these two types of tumors by assessing HTT for the presence of rearrangements of the proto-oncogene rearranged during transfection (RET) that, in thyroid tumors, are specific for papillary carcinoma. A series of 14 HTTs, including two cases associated with classic papillary carcinoma, was studied by means of immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Seven follicular adenomas with focal hyalinized trabecular areas served as control cases. Three of the 14 HTT cases under consideration displayed rearrangements of RET generating the RET/papillary thyroid carcinoma type 1 (PTC1) oncogene. In another case, RET expression was detected focally by immunohistochemistry alone. Finally, in one mixed HTT-papillary carcinoma sample, RET/PTC1 expression was detected, but only in the papillary component. None of the control follicular adenomas contained rearrangements of RET/PTC. These findings demonstrate that a comparable percentage (28.6%) of HTTs and papillary carcinomas exhibit the same RET proto-oncogene alterations. Thus, HTT may represent the "hyalinizing trabecular" variant of papillary carcinoma rather than a separate entity.
Polymer‐Supported Ionic Liquids: Imidazolium Salts as Catalysts for Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions Including Fluorinations (2004)

Ionische Flüssigkeiten bekommen Unterstützung: Imidazoliumsalze auf polymeren Trägern haben sich als effiziente Katalysatoren für Fluorierungen und andere nucleophile Substitutionen entpuppt. Die auf Polystyrol basierenden ionischen Materialien katalysieren Fluorierungen (wie die im Schema dargestellte; X=BF4, OTf) in sehr hohen Ausbeuten und können außerdem wiederverwendet werden. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2004/z52760_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Nonmonotonicity of phase transitions in a loss network with controls (2006)

We consider a symmetric tree loss network that supports single-link (unicast) and multi-link (multicast) calls to nearest neighbors and has capacity C on each link. The network operates a control so that the number of multicast calls centered at any node cannot exceed CV and the number of unicast calls at a link cannot exceed CE, where CE, CV≤C. We show that uniqueness of Gibbs measures on the infinite tree is equivalent to the convergence of certain recursions of a related map. For the case CV=1 and CE=C, we precisely characterize the phase transition surface and show that the phase transition is always nonmonotone in the arrival rate of the multicast calls. This model is an example of a system with hard constraints that has weights attached to both the edges and nodes of the network and can be viewed as a generalization of the hard core model that arises in statistical mechanics and combinatorics. Some of the results obtained also hold for more general models than just the loss network. The proofs rely on a combination of techniques from probability theory and dynamical systems.
Synthesis of (+-)-grandisol (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of (+-)-grandisolW. E. Billups, J. H. Cross, and C. V. SmithCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 10, 3438–3439Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00791a090https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00791a090research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views662Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ANÁLISE DA PREVALÊNCIA DE CRYPTOSPORIDIUM SPP. EM ANIMAIS DE COMPANHIA DE IDOSOS. ESTUDO DE CASO: TERESÓPOLIS, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRASIL (2013)

A criptosporidiose é uma importante zoonose responsável por manifestações clínicas de diarreias e gastrenterites associadas à dor abdominal, em seres humanos e animais domésticos, causada por protozoários oportunistas do gênero Cryptosporidium. Foi pesquisada a prevalência de criptosporidiose em gatos domésticos de companhia de idosos (acima de 60 anos de idade) de ambos os sexos, residentes no município de Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro, e que compareceram a um posto de vacinação do município no período da vacinação contra gripe de 2009 e 2010. Foi realizada uma análise univariada e uma regressão logística incondicional. Como instrumentos de coleta de dados foram utilizados o questionário e a coleta de amostras fecais das pessoas participantes e de seus felinos. Os resultados apontaram que a prevalência de diarreia nos idosos foi 29,4% e, nos felinos, 24,5%. Foi identificada presença de 1 ou mais oocistos em 16,7% dos idosos e 12,7% dos felinos. A análise da razão de prevalência de diarreia evidenciou uma forte associação em idosos (RP = 4,37, IC a 95%: 2,67-7,16), porém com menor força de associação, mas ainda com significância estatística para felinos (RP = 2,16, IC a 95%: 1,06-4,39). Por imunofluorescência confirmada pelo PCR houve semelhante força de associação em idosos (RP = 4,43, IC a 95%: 3,04-6,45), porém observou-se um aumento na força de associação para felinos (RP = 4,67, IC a 95%: 3,9-6,81). Concluiu-se que são preocupantes, mas importantes para a saúde pública, os achados desta pesquisa, por demonstrarem a relação zoonótica do Cryptosporidium spp. presente nas amostras fecais dos animais de companhia do grupo populacional de idosos estudados.
System Analysis and Hardware/Software Based Approach Partitioning of Dataflow Programs (2011)

Demand for more system functionality and computational resources are increasing exponentially. Available hardware technology can barely operate at higher frequencies and densities due to silicon and electron physical properties. This therefore drives the need to move towards parallel systems. Available programming languages are mainly designed with single CPU in mind and lose their competence when it comes to multicore systems that are already available. Dataflow programming and the CAL Actor Language (CAL) appears to be a promising solution. As part of the Ptolemy II project, CAL was invented for the specification of dataflow models. It increased the typical programming abstraction level to a higher abstraction level. This feature makes CAL an appropriate choice for system level specification and a method to achieve the desired computational performance in shorter time. There are existing CAL tools that can generate code for both hardware as well as software design. This feature makes CAL a potential solution for entire system development in the near future. It is notable that CAL has been recently adopted by ISO/MPEG as a specification language for MPEG-RVC (Moving Picture Experts Group - Reconfigurable Video Coding). The main aim of this thesis is to develop a method based on the existing tools that will enable CAL users to arbitrarily map functional units to hardware (FPGA fabric) or software (Processors) without any notion and knowledge of underlying interconnection and hardware design. Alongside this, the developed method is analyzed and a cost function and partitioning guidelines are presented at the end of this master thesis work.
Capability of weld seam improvement techniques for the fatigue strength optimization of welded high strength steels (2023)

Abstract Fatigue-loaded welded constructions are mainly designed according to the experimental results of low-strength steels, although great knowledge about the properties of modern high-strength steels is available. Due to the increasing notch sensitivity with increasing yield strength, the applicable load amplitudes are mostly independent of the steel grade. This paper presents various options for exploiting the potential of high-strength steels subjected to cyclic loads. Therefore, different post-weld treatments are investigated. The calculated fatigue strength is thereby based on IIW guidelines. The results indicate a high potential for an increase in fatigue strength up to a calculated FAT class with a variable slope of FAT392. This is considerably higher than the currently valid base metal level of FAT160.
Role of biostatistics in phytochemical research: emphasis on essential oil studies (2018)

The trend of statistics is increasing immensely and being used in almost all the fields such as scientific research, market research, business, industry, medicine and so forth. Biostatistics is instrumental in collecting, organizing, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting scientific data in order to draw significant conclusions from scientific results in research problems. It is applied in all the scientific sectors such as phytochemical, biological, biochemical, and biomedical fields for appropriate interpretation of results. In recent years, biostatistics has become a widely adopted technique in the studies involving phytochemicals. For instance, scientific data are being summarized using bivariate statistics (analysis of variance, correlation, t-test, and so forth), descriptive statistics, linear regression, cluster analysis and factor analysis, and so forth. A number of statistical software such as Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, SAS, R, XLSTAT, STATA, and Statistica and so forth are used by researchers for data interpretation. This chapter is a brief discussion of the various statistical tools using essential oil as a case study.
β1D chain increases α7β1 integrin and laminin and protects against sarcolemmal damage in mdx mice (2011)

The dystrophin-glycoprotein complex connects myofibers with extracellular matrix laminin. In Duchenne muscular dystrophy, this linkage system is absent and the integrity of muscle fibers is compromised. One potential therapy for addressing muscular dystrophy is to augment the amount of α7β1 integrin, the major laminin-binding integrin in skeletal muscle. Whereas transgenic over-expression of α7 chain may alleviate development of muscular dystrophy and extend the lifespan of severely dystrophic mdx/utrn(-/-) mice, further enhancing levels of α7 chain provided little additional membrane integrin and negligible additional improvement in mdx mice. We demonstrate here that normal levels of β1 chain limit formation of integrin heterodimer and that increasing β1D chain in mdx mice results in more functional integrin at the sarcolemma, more matrix laminin and decreased damage of muscle fibers. Moreover, increasing the amount of β1D chain in vitro enhances transcription of α7 integrin and α2 laminin genes and the amounts of these proteins. Thus manipulation of β1D integrin expression offers a novel approach to enhance integrin-mediated therapy for muscular dystrophy.
Disruption of Circulating Extracellular Vesicles as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy against Cancer Metastasis (2017)

Metastasis is the main cause of cancer mortality for many types of cancer; however, difficulties remain in effectively preventing metastasis. It has been recently and widely reported that cancer-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to cancer metastasis. Thus, therapeutic strategies targeting cancer-derived EVs hold great promise because of the possibility of EVs driving the cancer microenvironment toward metastasis. Here, we provide a novel strategy for therapeutic antibody treatment to target cancer-derived EVs and inhibit the metastasis of breast cancer in a mouse model, establishing a rationale for further clinical investigation. Treatment with human-specific anti-CD9 or anti-CD63 antibodies significantly decreased metastasis to the lungs, lymph nodes, and thoracic cavity, although no obvious effects on primary xenograft tumor growths were observed. In in vitro and in vivo experiments, the EVs incubated with the targeted antibodies were preferentially internalized by macrophages, suggesting that antibody-tagged cancer-derived EVs would be eliminated by macrophages. Our results suggested that therapeutic antibody administration effectively suppresses EV-triggered metastasis in cancer and that the removal of EVs could be a novel strategy for cancer therapy.
The RNA helicase DHH1 is central to the correct expression of many developmentally regulated mRNAs in trypanosomes (2010)

In trypanosomes, the predominant mechanisms of regulation of gene expression are post-transcriptional. The DEAD-box RNA helicase DHH1 was identified in a screen for gene products that are necessary for the instability of the GPI-PLC mRNA in insect-stage trypanosomes. Expression of an ATPase-deficient dhh1 mutant caused a rapid growth arrest associated with a decrease in polysomes, an increase in P-bodies and a slight decrease in average mRNA levels. However, the effect of dhh1 mutant expression on both turnover and translational repression of mRNAs was selective. Whereas there was little effect on the stability of constitutive mRNAs, the control of a large cohort of developmentally regulated mRNAs was reversed; many mRNAs normally downregulated in insect-stage trypanosomes were stabilized and many mRNAs normally upregulated decreased in level. One stabilised mRNA, ISG75, was characterised further. Despite the overall decrease in polysomes, the proportion of the ISG75 mRNA in polysomes was unchanged and the result was ISG75 protein accumulation. Our data show that specific mRNAs can escape DHH1-mediated translational repression. In trypanosomes, DHH1 has a selective role in determining the levels of developmentally regulated mRNAs.
FAME: A Flow Aggregation MEtric for Shortest Path Routing Algorithms in Multi-Hop Wireless Networks (2017)

Energy consumption has become a key issue in the design of communication systems. Indeed, both for economic and green reasons, the concept of energy saving appears at an early stage of projects, fully integrating the list of expected performance, as well as throughput or security. In multihop wireless networks, several energy-aware approaches have been proposed with specific goals, such as network's lifetime or stability. To reduce the global energy consumption of such networks, we proposed in a previous work an optimal solution with interference consideration, based on mixed integer linear programming, to route a set of flows over a minimal number of nodes. Thus, without degrading flow rates, inactive nodes can be put in a sleep mode or be turned off to maximize energy savings. Indeed, the energy consumption related to communication is just a fraction of the total consumption of a node In this article, we are going a step further, by providing a metric to efficiently aggregate flows with classical shortest path algorithms. Thanks to a theoretical comparison and simulations, we demonstrate the significant gains can be obtained with our approach. Finally, we discuss on ways to implement our solution in existing routing protocols, in a fully distributed manner, and other considerations that may need to take on.
Abstract 850: 32H2, a new diagnostic tool for HER2 CTFs (2010)

Abstract The tyrosine kinase receptor HER2 belongs to the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) family and is amplified in 30% of breast cancer patients. These patients are currently treated with Herceptin (Trastuzumab), a monoclonal antibody against the extracellular domain of HER2. A group of HER2 positive patients express a series of carboxy terminal fragments (CTFs) of the receptor. These patients have worse prognosis and are more likely to develop metastasis. In addition, CTFs positive patients are resistant to treatment with Herceptin. Functional characterization of the different CTFs shows that only those containing the transmembrane domain are active. Furthermore, the CTF generated by alternative initiation of translation at Methionine 611, CTF-611, seems to be a hyperactive due to its ability to constitutively form dimers maintained by disulfide bonds. These hyperactive dimers specifically control the expression of genes causally involved in malignant transformation, providing a likely mechanism for the clinical observations made in patients expressing CTFs. To date, the presence of CTFs in breast tumors have been studied by Western blot or by double immunoflourescence, using two antibodies, one targeting the intracellular domain and the other the extracellular domain of the receptor. However, both techniques are not able to distinguish between active and inactive CTFs. In addition, only careful comparison of the electrophoretic migration of the species found in tumor samples with those expressed in cell lines transfected with individual CTFs allows the identification of individual CTF. Obviously these techniques cannot be used to effectively determine the presence of active CTFs in large-scale clinical studies. Furthermore, given its hyperactivity, it would be useful to have a specific antibody against 611-CTF. Here we present the generation and characterization of a monoclonal antibody that recognize specifically 611-CTFs. The low affinity of the antibody for the full-length HER2 may be explained by structural features of the antibody epitope. Using the antibody in a collection of paraffin embedded tumors, we were able to identify a subgroup in the HER2 positive tumors with worst clinical outcome. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 850.