gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quality and Error Robustness Assessment of Low-Latency Lightweight Intra-Frame Codecs for Screen Content Compression (2016)

Today, many existing types of video transmission and storage infrastructure are not able to handle UHD uncompressed video in real time. To reduce the required bit rates, a low-latency lightweight compression scheme is needed. To this end, several standardization efforts, such as Display Stream Compression, Advanced DSC, and JPEG XS, are currently being made. Focusing on screen content use cases, this paper provides a comparison of existing codecs suited for this field of application. In particular, the performance of DSC, VC-2, JPEG 2000 (in low-latency and low-complexity configurations), JPEG and HEVC Screen Content Coding Extension (SCC) in intra mode are evaluated. First, quality is assessed in single and multiple generations. Then, error robustness is evaluated by inserting one-bit errors at random positions in the compressed bitstreams. Unsurprisingly, the most complex algorithm, HEVC SCC intra, achieves the highest compression efficiency on screen content. JPEG 2000 performs well in the three experiments while HEVC SCC does not provide multi-generation robustness. DSC guarantees quality preservation in single generation at high bit rates and VC-2 provides very high error resilience. This work gives the reader an overview of the objective quality assessment that will be conducted as part of JPEG XS evaluation procedures.
<title>Multilevel technique for image-enhancement improvement using Radarsat</title> (1998)

This paper presents an image quality improvement approach for extraction of map features based on single and multisensor image enhancement techniques. The approach relies upon the evaluation of sensor imagery for extraction of map features based on its sensor characteristics. The approach will be illustrated by evaluation results for RADARSAT using two visual metrics. Samples of single sensor and multiband enhancement results will be presented for a range of map features. Features will include those essential for shoreline categorization and delineation for support of environmental applications.
Genetic polymorphisms of VEGF, interactions with cigarette smoking exposure and esophageal adenocarcinoma risk (2008)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major regulator of angiogenesis in the process of tumor growth and metastasis in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA). Polymorphisms in the VEGF gene have been associated with altered VEGF expression and plasma VEGF levels. We hypothesized that polymorphisms of VEGF may contribute to EA risk. Functional polymorphisms in the VEGF gene (-460C/T, +405C/G and +936C/T) were determined in 308 patients with EA and 546 healthy controls. Logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the associations between genotypes, haplotypes of VEGF and EA risk, adjusting for multiple confounding factors. Compared with the +936CC genotype, the combined +936CT+TT genotypes were significantly associated with increased risk of developing EA, with adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.49 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-2.12; P = 0.027]. The -460CT+CC were associated with increased risk of EA in smokers (adjusted OR = 1.57; 95% CI, 1.07-2.30; P = 0.021), whereas the -460CT/CC were associated with decreased risk of EA (adjusted OR = 0.47; 95% CI, 0.25-0.91; P = 0.025) in non-smokers. Compared with non-smokers with the +460TT, smokers with the +460CT+CC had significantly higher risk of EA (adjusted OR = 3.32; 95% CI, 1.56-7.10; P = 0.002). No overall or interacting association with EA risk was found for the +405C/G polymorphism. Haplotype CGT (-460C/+405G/+936T) was significantly associated with higher risk of EA (adjusted OR = 1.70; 95% CI, 1.04-2.73; P = 0.034). These results suggested that cigarette smoking modifies the association between VEGF polymorphisms and EA risk among Caucasians.
Multi-laser-guided adaptive optics for the Large Binocular Telescope (2007)

We describe the conceptual design of an advanced laser guide star facility (LGSF) for the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT), to be built in collaboration with the LBT's international partners. The highest priority goal for the facility is the correction of ground-layer turbulence, providing partial seeing compensation in the near IR bands over a 4' field. In the H band, GLAO is projected to improve the median seeing from 0.55" to 0.2". The new facility will build on the LBT's natural guide star AO system, integrated into the telescope with correction by adaptive secondary mirrors, and will draw on Arizona's experience in the construction of the first multi-laser adaptive optics (AO) system at the 6.5 m MMT. The LGSF will use four Rayleigh beacons at 532 nm, projected to an altitude of 25 km, on each of the two 8.4 m component telescopes. Initial use of the system for ground layer correction will deliver image quality well matched to the LBT's two LUCIFER near IR instruments. They will be used for direct imaging over a 4'&times;4' field and will offer a unique capability in high resolution multi-object spectroscopy. The LGSF is designed to include long-term upgrade paths. Coherent imaging at the combined focus of the two apertures will be exploited by the LBT Interferometer in the thermal IR. Using the same launch optics, an axial sodium or Rayleigh beacon can be added to each constellation, for tomographic wavefront reconstruction and diffraction limited imaging over the usual isoplanatic patch. In the longer term, a second DM conjugated to high altitude is foreseen for the LBT's LINC-NIRVANA instrument, which would extend the coherent diffraction-limited field to an arcminute in diameter with multi-conjugate AO.
Randomized Phase III Study of Surgery Alone or Surgery Plus Preoperative Cisplatin and Gemcitabine in Stages IB to IIIA Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer (2011)

Although the study was terminated early, preoperative gemcitabine plus cisplatin followed by radical surgery improved survival in patients with clinical stage IIB/IIIA NSCLC.
Epigenetic inactivation of the CpG demethylase TET1 as a DNA methylation feedback loop in human cancers (2016)

Promoter CpG methylation is a fundamental regulatory process of gene expression. TET proteins are active CpG demethylases converting 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, with loss of 5 hmC as an epigenetic hallmark of cancers, indicating critical roles of TET proteins in epigenetic tumorigenesis. Through analysis of tumor methylomes, we discovered TET1 as a methylated target, and further confirmed its frequent downregulation/methylation in cell lines and primary tumors of multiple carcinomas and lymphomas, including nasopharyngeal, esophageal, gastric, colorectal, renal, breast and cervical carcinomas, as well as non-Hodgkin, Hodgkin and nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphomas, although all three TET family genes are ubiquitously expressed in normal tissues. Ectopic expression of TET1 catalytic domain suppressed colony formation and induced apoptosis of tumor cells of multiple tissue types, supporting its role as a broad bona fide tumor suppressor. Furthermore, TET1 catalytic domain possessed demethylase activity in cancer cells, being able to inhibit the CpG methylation of tumor suppressor gene (TSG) promoters and reactivate their expression, such as SLIT2, ZNF382 and HOXA9. As only infrequent mutations of TET1 have been reported, compared to TET2, epigenetic silencing therefore appears to be the dominant mechanism for TET1 inactivation in cancers, which also forms a feedback loop of CpG methylation during tumorigenesis.
Citric acid production: Surface culture versus submerged culture (2009)

Surface and submerged fermentation methods were used to produce citric acid byAspergillus niger using chemically defined media or cane molasses. Fermentation process parameters were optimized in pilot scale tower and tray fermenters. Fermentation was running from 10 - 20 days with pH controlled at 3 - 6.5. Citric acid concentrations varied from 60 - 100 g/L depending on the strain used, the substrate, the fermentation system and the general conditions under which fermentation took place (initial sugar concentration, aeration rate, inoculum size, pH and temperature). Some essential criteria such as lower process sensitivity to short interruptions or breakdowns in aeration, expenses for equipment, consumption of electrical energy and higher yield and productivity, showed that surface fermentation is superior to submerged fermentation. However, the yield and productivity obtained in submerged fermentation using indigenous strains of fungi is not yet high enough for commercial production.

	 

	Key words: Citric acid, surface, submerged indigenous strains, yield, productivity.
Geometric Partitioning (2021)

Erasure coding is widely used in building reliable distributed object storage systems despite its high repair cost. Regenerating codes are a special class of erasure codes, which are proposed to minimize the amount of data needed for repair. In this paper, we assess how optimal repair can help to improve object storage systems, and we find that regenerating codes present unique challenges: regenerating codes repair at the granularity of chunks instead of bytes, and the choice of chunk size leads to the tension between streamed degraded read time and repair throughput.
Clinical evaluation of a wearable sensor for mobile monitoring of respiratory rate on hospital wards (2021)

A wireless and wearable system was recently developed for mobile monitoring of respiratory rate (RR). The present study was designed to compare RR mobile measurements with reference capnographic measurements on a medical-surgical ward. The wearable sensor measures impedance variations of the chest from two thoracic and one abdominal electrode. Simultaneous measurements of RR from the wearable sensor and from the capnographic sensor (1 measure/minute) were compared in 36 ward patients. Patients were monitored for a period of 182 ± 56 min (range 68-331). Artifact-free RR measurements were available 81% of the monitoring time for capnography and 92% for the wearable monitoring system (p < 0.001). A total of 4836 pairs of simultaneous measurements were available for analysis. The average reference RR was 19 ± 5 breaths/min (range 6-36). The average difference between the wearable and capnography RR measurements was - 0.6 ± 2.5 breaths/min. Error grid analysis showed that the proportions of RR measurements done with the wearable system were 89.7% in zone A (no risk), 9.6% in zone B (low risk) and < 1% in zones C, D and E (moderate, significant and dangerous risk). The wearable method detected RR values > 20 (tachypnea) with a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 93%. In ward patients, the wearable sensor enabled accurate and precise measurements of RR within a relatively broad range (6-36 b/min) and the detection of tachypnea with high sensitivity and specificity.
Methodology for Benchmarking SIP Networking Devices (2007)

This document describes the methodology for benchmarking Session
Initiation Protocol (SIP) performance as described in Terminology
document [Po06]. The methodology and terminology are to be used for
benchmarking signaling plane performance with varying signaling and
media load. Both scale and establishment rate are measured by
signaling plane performance. The SIP Devices to be benchmarked may be
a single device under test (DUT) or a system under test (SUT).
Benchmarks can be obtained and compared for different types of devices
such as SIP Proxy Server, SBC, P-CSCF, and Server paired with a
Firewall/NAT device.
Object-oriented database access via reflection (2003)

The object-oriented programming language Java is an ideal companion to an object-oriented database system. This paper describes our approach to provide an almost seamless application programmer interface that allows Java programs to exchange objects with a database. Unlike other approaches that add persistence capabilities to Java, our approach does not change the Java language nor does it require changes to the Java Virtual Machine. We use reflection, i.e. self-inspection and change of a running program, to map Java classes to database classes, and to enable persistence. The result is a very flexible and efficient style of Java database access.
Job Monitoring in Interactive Grid Analysis Environment (2005)

The grid is emerging as a great computational resource but
its dynamic behavior makes the Grid environment unpredictable. Systems and networks can fail, and the
introduction of more users can result in resource starvation.
Once a job has been submitted for execution on the grid,
monitoring becomes essential for a user to see that the job is completed in an efficient way, and to detect any problems
that occur while the job is running. In current environments
once a user submits a job he loses direct control over the job and the system behaves like a batch system: the user
submits the job and later gets a result back. The only
information a user can obtain about a job is whether it is
scheduled, running, cancelled or finished. Today users are
becoming increasingly interested in such analysis grid
environments in which they can check the progress of the
job, obtain intermediate results, terminate the job based on
the progress of job or intermediate results, steer the job to
other nodes to achieve better performance and check the
resources consumed by the job. In order to fulfill their
requirements of interactivity a mechanism is needed that
can provide the user with real time access to information
about different attributes of a job. In this paper we present
the design of a Job Monitoring Service, a web service that
will provide interactive remote job monitoring by allowing
users to access different attributes of a job once it has been submitted to the interactive Grid Analysis Environment.
Construction of a Spirooxindole Amide Library through Nitrile Hydrozirconation-Acylation-Cyclization Cascade (2013)

A library of spirooxindoles containing varied elements of structural and stereochemical diversity has been constructed via a three step, one pot nitrile hydrozirconation-acylation-cyclization reaction sequence from common acyclic indole intermediates. The resulting library was evaluated for novelty through comparison with MLSMR and Maybridge compound collections.
Change in apple fruit volatiles after storage in atmospheres inducing anaerobic metabolism (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChange in apple fruit volatiles after storage in atmospheres inducing anaerobic metabolismJames P. Mattheis, David A. Buchanan, and John K. FellmanCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1991, 39, 9, 1602–1605Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00009a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00009a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views434Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
RETRACTED ARTICLE: MicroRNA-325-3p inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma by down-regulation of aquaporin 5 (2019)

Our findings clearly demonstrated that introduction of miR-325-3p inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of Huh7-1.3 and HepG2.2.15 cells by directly decreasing AQP5 expression, and that silencing AQP5 expression was essential for the pro-apoptotic effect of miR-325-3p overexpression on Huh7-1.3 and HepG2.2.15 cells. It is beneficial to gain insight into the mechanism of HBV infection and pathophysiology of HBV-related HCC.
Disarming firewall (2010)

We have focused on a particular mechanism of providing network security: firewall technology. Firewalls provide a false sense of security because they have inherent flaws that are continuously exploited by hackers. Current firewalls lack in providing adequate security against insiders. Literature suggests that these limitations arise from the deficiencies in firewall design. This paper presents a model of a firewall called disarming firewall. The model is composed of different components, each serving different purpose. The firewall protects against malicious insiders by limiting the attacking capabilities of each internal host. Knowing that obtaining knowledge of end systems is a precursor of an attack, the firewall hides the identity of OS and server software placed in DMZ from internal as well as external users. Another problem solved by the firewall is the general laziness in applying patches to the software. The auditing system of firewall actively monitors all systems in the perimeter and applies patches as soon as they are released.
Conventional versus giant basal cell carcinoma, a review of 57 Cases: Histologic differences contributing to excessive growth (2018)

Most histologic features seen in GBCCs likely reflect their large size. Histologic features alone are unlikely to explain the size of these rare tumors. The possibility of an altered host immune response contributing to the growth of these tumors requires further investigation.
Transrectal ultrasonography of rectal carcinoma (1990)

Preoperative transrectal ultrasonographic staging of 38 patients with known adenocarcinoma of the rectum was performed. Six of these patients had preoperative radiation therapy. Of the 32 without radiation therapy, transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) correctly staged disease limited to the rectum in 90% (18 of 20) and transmural extension in 50% (6 of 12), for a sensitivity for evaluating transmural extension of 50%, specificity of 90%, positive predictive value of 75%, and a negative predictive value of 25%. Nineteen patients had positive nodes. The sensitivity and specificity of detecting nodal metastases by TRUS were 63% and 85%. The positive and negative predictive values were 86% and 61%, respectively. TRUS was slightly superior to digital rectal examination in staging patients because of its superior ability to detect adenopathy. Adjacent organ involvement was correctly evaluated in five of six patients; peritumoral fibrosis was misinterpreted as tumor extension into uterus and ovary in one woman. Tumor shrinkage in all patients undergoing radiation therapy was identified, but fibrosis and edema made staging by TRUS unreliable in those patients.
Formation of Shallow p+n Junction by Low Temperature Annealing (1983)

The formation of shallow p + n junction with B + implantation in silicon was investigated. A rapid diffusion of implanted borons was observed in the initial stage of the annealing for activation (in 10 sec), and it was independent of the annealing temperature (600∼1000°C) and determined the shallower limit of B + implanted p + n junction depth, 0.25 and 0.4 microns for the B + acceleration of 10 and 20 KV, respectively. Appropriate Si + implantation subsequent to B + implantation enabled the annealing temperature reduction to about 600°C with activation (sheet resistivity) and crystallinity (junction quality) comparable to those of high temperature annealing (900∼1000°C). It is suggested that the rapid diffusion and the reduction in the annealing temperature resulted from the excess configuration entropy in the ion implanted layer which corresponded to high temperature situation in effect.
Spectroscopic charge pumping: A new procedure for measuring interface trap distributions on MOS transistors (1991)

An approach to the application of the charge pumping technique is proposed as a tool for the measurement of interface trap energy distributions in small area MOS transistors. The new approach is spectroscopic in nature, i.e., only one energy window is defined, and forced to move through the bandgap by changing the sample temperature. This method has the advantages of addressing a larger part of the bandgap as compared to the classical approach, of reducing the complication in the processing of the data, and of yielding information about the hole and electron capture cross sections separately. Experiments performed on both n-channel and p-channel MOS transistors reveal that, in the temperature (energy) range studied, the interface-trap distribution is slowly varying with energy and that the trap capture cross section is nearly constant over energy and temperature.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Surface Modified Nanoparticles as Internal Breakers for Viscoelastic Surfactant Based Fracturing Fluids for High Temperature Operations (2017)

Abstract This work presents new surface modified nanoparticles (SMN) that act as internal breakers for viscoelastic surfactant (VES) based fluids. Breaking profile is a key performance feature of a fracturing fluid. In addition to providing greater application latitude at high temperatures, the proposed solution is suited for gas wells or where there is less likelihood of encountering formation crude oil, which could also act as breaker for VES fluids. The SMNs were prepared by organically modifying nanoparticles with specific surface capping agents that have functional groups with the ability to bind on to their surfaces by chemical or physical interactions. The base VES fluid was prepared from a mixture of sea water, ionic strength agents and a viscoelastic surfactant formulation. Varying amounts of SMNs were added to the base fluid and mixed vigorously to form a homogeneously dispersed fluid. The viscosities of the base fluid without SMNs and with varying amount of SMNs were monitored over time at fixed temperature to observe the breaking profile. The base fluid consisting of VES dispersed in sea water with ionic strength agent exhibits stable viscosity for prolonged times. Compared to base fluid, addition of bare nanoparticles marginally improves the fluid's viscosity, although, the fluid does not break down to very low viscosity within desired time for convenient flowback operations. Slow viscosity drop is ideal from a fracturing fluid point of view that helps in efficiently placing the proppants inside of created fractures and eventual fluid cleanup. However, without the organically modified nanoparticles, the viscosity is too stable causing the post fracturing cleanup to be too slow. With the SMN the viscosity drop could be controlled and achieved in relatively shorter time. Further, with these breaker control over breaking time is also achievable. The SMN internal breakers interact with the worm like micelles and disrupt the gel formed by these elongated micellar structures. The surface modified nanoparticles with a functional capping agent alters the way the nanoparticles interact with the wormlike micelles from electrostatic interactions to hydrophobic-hydrophobic interactions. This change provides an efficient mechanism for breaking the VES base fluids in absence of any external breaker with high temperature latitude.