gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of a reduced and standard booster dose of the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in healthy adults after two doses of inactivated vaccine (2022)

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a serious healthcare problem worldwide since December 2019. The third dose of heterologous vaccine was recently approved by World Health Organization. The present study compared the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the reduced and standard third booster dose of the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccine in adults who previously received the two-dose CoronaVac vaccine. Results showed that headache, joint pain, and diarrhea were more frequent in the 15 μg-than the 30 μg-BNT162b2 groups, whereas joint pain and chilling were more frequent in the 100 μg-than the 50 μg-mRNA-1273 groups. No significant differences in immunogenicity were detected. These findings demonstrate that the reduced dose of the mRNA vaccines elicited antibody responses against the SARS-CoV-2 delta and omicron variants that were comparable to the standard dose. The reduced dose could be used to increase vaccine coverage in situations of limited global vaccine supply. Highlights The 15 μg- and 30 μg-BNT162b2, and 50 μg- and 100 μg-mRNA-1273 booster doses were compared Booster vaccination with the mRNA vaccine elicits high Ig and IgG anti-RBD in CoronaVac-vaccinated adults No differences were observed in antibody responses after the reduced or standard booster dose of the mRNA vaccine in CoronaVac-vaccinated adults Neutralizing antibodies against the delta and omicron variants were significantly higher after the booster dose Neutralizing antibody titers were lower against the omicron variant than the delta variant in all vaccinated adults
Blockade of Platelet Glycoprotein Ibα Augments Neuroprotection in Orai2-Deficient Mice during Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (2022)

During ischemic stroke, infarct growth before recanalization diminishes functional outcome. Hence, adjunct treatment options to protect the ischemic penumbra before recanalization are eagerly awaited. In experimental stroke targeting two different pathways conferred protection from penumbral tissue loss: (1) enhancement of hypoxic tolerance of neurons by deletion of the calcium channel subunit Orai2 and (2) blocking of detrimental lymphocyte-platelet responses. However, until now, no preclinical stroke study has assessed the potential of combining neuroprotective with anti-thrombo-inflammatory interventions to augment therapeutic effects. We induced focal cerebral ischemia in Orai2-deficient (<i>Orai2<sup>-/-</sup></i>) mice by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Animals were treated with anti-glycoprotein Ib alpha (GPIbα) Fab fragments (p0p/B Fab) blocking GPIbα-von Willebrand factor (vWF) interactions. Rat immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fab was used as the control treatment. The extent of infarct growth before recanalization was assessed at 4 h after MCAO. Moreover, infarct volumes were determined 6 h after recanalization (occlusion time: 4 h). Orai2 deficiency significantly halted cerebral infarct progression under occlusion. Inhibition of platelet GPIbα further reduced primary infarct growth in <i>Orai2<sup>-/-</sup></i> mice. During ischemia-reperfusion, upon recanalization, mice were likewise protected. All in all, we show that neuroprotection in <i>Orai2<sup>-/-</sup></i> mice can be augmented by targeting thrombo-inflammation. This supports the clinical development of combined neuroprotective/anti-platelet strategies in hyper-acute stroke.
Echocardiographic Assessment of Left Ventricular Mass and Systolic Function in Mice (1995)

The increasing use of transgenic mouse models for investigating the mechanisms of cardiac growth and function has made it important to develop noninvasive methods for assessing murine cardiac anatomy, size, and function. At present, murine cardiac mass can be determined only at necropsy. Left ventricular (LV) function can be assessed by use of various catheterization techniques, but these approaches are usually terminal procedures and provide no information about chamber anatomy and dimensions. Although transthoracic echocardiography has been used to study the LVs of rats and larger animals, the considerably smaller LV masses and somewhat faster heart rates of mice pose significant challenges to obtaining good-quality echocardiograms. In this study we tested the hypothesis that transthoracic echocardiography can image the murine LV as well as provide assessments of LV mass and function. Our results in a series of 33 mice, including normal, transgenic, and aortic-banded subgroups, demonstrate the capability of transthoracic two-dimensionally directed M-mode echocardiography in mice to (1) obtain good-quality images, (2) produce estimates of LV mass having good correlations with directly determined LV mass in normal mice, (3) detect LV hypertrophy noninvasively in different experimental models, and (4) identify impaired LV systolic function. Thus, echocardiography appears to be a promising approach for noninvasively assessing LV mass and function in mice.
Subclinical selenium insufficiency. 3. The selenium status and productivity of lambs born to ewes supplemented with selenium (1991)

Measurements were made of blood selenium (Se) concentrations and liveweights of Dorset Horn x (Border Leicester x Merino) and Merino lambs born in October to ewes which were supplemented or not supplemented with intra-ruminal Se pellets and grazed at 6.3 or 12.5 ewe/ha for 4 consecutive years. Lambs were not supplemented with Se and most observations were made between birth and weaning. In some years the Merino lambs were grazed as a single flock for a further 18 months after weaning, and liveweights and fleece characters were recorded at 10 and 22 months of age. Blood Se concentrations of lambs at birth varied with the Se treatment of their dams but were generally lower in the lamb and declined during lactation. In lambs born to unsupplemented ewes, concentrations were lower at the high stocking rate, and declined with increasing rainfall in the preceding January-June period. Selenium concentrations were reduced in twins and this was particularly evident in lambs born to supplemented ewes. Liveweights at birth, in mid-lactation and at weaning were significantly increased in lambs born to Se-supplemented and crossbred ewes, and in lambs born as singletons. The response in liveweight following Se supplementation was greater in lambs reared at the high than at the low stocking rate, and in Merino than in crossbred lambs. The response to Se supplementation was correlated with rainfall during the preceding February to July, and was greater in early lactation. Clean fleece weight at 10 months of age was increased by 9.5% and fibre diameter by 0.3 pm in lambs born to ewes which had received supplementary Se. Differences in fleece weight were not detected at 22 months.
Enthalpy of formation of dicesium octabromodirhenium(III), Cs2Re2Br8, and a thermochemical estimate of the energy of the rhenium-rhenium quadruple bond (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnthalpy of formation of dicesium octabromodirhenium(III), Cs2Re2Br8, and a thermochemical estimate of the energy of the rhenium-rhenium quadruple bondLester R. Morss, Robert J. Porcja, James W. Nicoletti, Joseph San Filippo Jr., and H. Donald B. JenkinsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 6, 1923–1927Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00526a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00526a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views58Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Repeated low rate herbicide applications for weed control in scallions. (1998)

The main objective of this investigation was to determine if satisfactory weed control in vegetable crops (scallions) could be achieved and overall chemical use reduced by very repeated low dose applications of contact and contact residuals herbicides.The trials showed that scallion crops could tolerate certain post-emergence herbicides better than weed populations earlier in their life cycle provided the first true leaf of the crop had reached 1.5-2cm in length .Various combinations or cocktails of herbicides of cyanazine, oxyfourfen, ioxynil and gesagard were tested both at Kinsealy and in several commercial locations in Co. Dublin at very low rates varying from 17 to 70g/ha and these were compared with current standard post-emergence recommendation of single rate ioxynil at 0.4-0.7 kg/ha.Each of the cocktail combinations apart from ioxynil and cyanazine produced highly satisfactory weed control when repeated at 7-12day intervals commencing when the first true leaf averaged 2cms long, over a wide range of conditions.The most effective and satisfactory weed control was achieved from either the oxyflourfen (17-35g/ha) plus cyanazine (35-70g/ha) or the ioxynil(17-35g/ha) plus gesagard (17-35g/ha) combinations.These matched the weed control given by the standard recommended treatment of ioxynil with the advantage of a reduction of up to 50% chemical usage.
Data Supplement from Redirected T-Cell Killing of Solid Cancers Targeted with an Anti-CD3/Trop-2–Bispecific Antibody Is Enhanced in Combination with Interferon-α (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Additional flow cytometry data for trogocytosis. Figure S5 shows viability of T cells and BxPC3 target cells. Figure S6 shows formation of immunological synapses and transfer of CD4 from T cells to target cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Compositional verification of termination-preserving refinement of concurrent programs (2014)

Many verification problems can be reduced to refinement verification. However, existing work on verifying refinement of concurrent programs either fails to prove the preservation of termination, allowing a diverging program to trivially refine any programs, or is difficult to apply in compositional thread-local reasoning. In this paper, we first propose a new simulation technique, which establishes termination-preserving refinement and is a congruence with respect to parallel composition. We then give a proof theory for the simulation, which is the first Hoare-style concurrent program logic supporting termination-preserving refinement proofs. We show two key applications of our logic, i.e., verifying linearizability and lock-freedom together for fine-grained concurrent objects, and verifying full correctness of optimizations of concurrent algorithms.
Radiation hardening in sol-gel derived Er3+-doped silica glasses (2015)

The aim of the present paper is to report the effect of radiation on the Er3+-doped sol-gel silica glasses. A possible application of these sol-gel glasses could be their use in harsh radiation environments. The sol-gel glasses are fabricated by densification of erbium salt-soaked nanoporous silica xerogels through polymeric sol-gel technique. The radiation-induced attenuation of Er3+-doped sol-gel silica is found to increase with erbium content. Electron paramagnetic resonance studies reveal the presence of E′δ point defects. This happens in the sol-gel aluminum-silica glass after an exposure to γ-rays (kGy) and in sol-gel silica glass after an exposure to electrons (MGy). The concentration levels of these point defects are much lower in γ-ray irradiated sol-gel silica glasses. When the samples are co-doped with Al, the exposure to γ-ray radiation causes a possible reduction of the erbium valence from Er3+ to Er2+ ions. This process occurs in association with the formation of aluminum oxygen hole centers and different intrinsic point defects.
Semantic subtyping (2008)

Subtyping relations are usually defined either syntactically by a formal system or semantically by an interpretation of types into an untyped denotational model. This work shows how to define a subtyping relation semantically in the presence of Boolean connectives, functional types and dynamic dispatch on types, without the complexity of denotational models, and how to derive a complete subtyping algorithm.
Bayesian Localized Multiple Kernel Learning (2009)

Multiple kernel learning approaches form a set of techniques for performing classification that can easily combine information from multiple data sources, e.g., by adding or multiplying kernels. Most methods, however, are limited by their assumption of a per-view kernel weighting. For many problems, the set of features important for discriminating between examples can vary locally. As a consequence these global techniques suffer in the presence of complex noise processes, such as heteroscedastic noise, or when the discriminative properties of each feature type varies across the input space. In this paper, we propose a localized multiple kernel learning approach with Gaussian Processes that learns a local weighting over each view and can obtain accurate classification performance and deal with insufficient views corrupted by complex noise, e.g., per-sample occlusion. We demonstrate our approach on the tasks of audio-visual gesture recognition and object category classification on the Caltech-101 benchmark.
Effect of deformation amount distribution in the austenite recrystallization temperature region on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the X70 pipeline steel (2022)

In this study, the effect of deformation amount distribution of X70 pipeline steel on the microstructure and mechanical properties in the austenite recrystallization temperature region are investigated. The results reveal that the austenite grain size is smaller and more uniform by increasing the last-pass rough rolling deformation amount in the austenite recrystallization region. An increase in the last-pass rough-rolling deformation amount can also improve the strength and low-temperature toughness. The deformation mechanism and microstructural evolution based on the last-pass in the austenite recrystallization temperature region are clarified. The final microstructure refinement effect of granular bainite and acicular ferrite attribute to the finer and more uniform original austenite grain size. The main strengthening mechanisms are grain boundary strengthening and dislocation strengthening. The high proportion of the high-angle grain boundary is significantly greater for improving the strength and toughness, which impedes dislocations to slip across grain boundaries.
Physical Properties of Extruded Wheat Starch‐Additive Mixtures (1998)

ABSTRACT The effects of the addition of fatty acids, monoglycerides (MG), and wheat germ oil (WGO) on the level of crystallinity and the crystalline structure of extrusion‐cooked wheat starch have been studied using twin‐screw extruders. Measurements of water solubility and water absorption indices were made on the extrudates, together with specific mechanical energy (SME) consumption and die pressure for the extruder. MG and the fatty acids added to a level of 4% caused an increase in V hydrate type crystallinity. WGO addition to a level of 8% caused no change in crystallinity, although the E hydrate type was favored at lower moisture contents. All additives caused a decrease in SME and an increase or maximum in die pressure. WGO behaved differently than MG and fatty acids in that its addition caused the water solubility index and expansion to increase, as previously observed for other oils added to flours.
The Sec1/Munc18 protein Vps45 holds the Qa-SNARE Tlg2 in an open conformation (2020)

Fusion of intracellular trafficking vesicles is mediated by the assembly of SNARE proteins into membrane-bridging complexes. SNARE-mediated membrane fusion requires Sec1/Munc18-family (SM) proteins, SNARE chaperones that can function as templates to catalyze SNARE complex assembly. Paradoxically, the SM protein Munc18-1 traps the Qa-SNARE protein syntaxin-1 in an autoinhibited closed conformation. Here we present the structure of a second SM-Qa-SNARE complex, Vps45-Tlg2. Strikingly, Vps45 holds Tlg2 in an open conformation, with its SNARE motif disengaged from its Habc domain and its linker region unfolded. The domain 3a helical hairpin of Vps45 is unfurled, exposing the presumptive R-SNARE binding site to allow template complex formation. Although Tlg2 has a pronounced tendency to form homo-tetramers, Vps45 can rescue Tlg2 tetramers into stoichiometric Vps45-Tlg2 complexes. Our findings demonstrate that SM proteins can engage Qa-SNAREs using at least two different modes, one in which the SNARE is closed and one in which it is open.
Digital imaging in the immunohistochemical evaluation of the proliferation markers Ki67, MCM2 and Geminin, in early breast cancer, and their putative prognostic value (2015)

Here we show that. MCM2 is a more sensitive marker of proliferation than Ki67 and should be examined in future studies, especially in the lymph node-negative, hormone receptor-positive subgroup. Further, digital microscopy can be used effectively as a high-throughput method to evaluate immunohistochemical expression.
Binocular Vision-SLAM Using Improved SIFT Algorithm (2010)

SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform) algorithm is used in mobile robot Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) based on visual information. But this algorithm is complicated and computation time is long. Two improvements are introduced to optimize its performance. Firstly, the linear combination of cityblock distance and chessboard distance is comparability measurement; secondly, partial features are used to matching. SLAM is completed by fusing the information of SIFT features and robot information with EKF. The simulation experiment indicate that the proposed method reduce computational complexity, and with high localization precision in indoor environments.
Assessment of Insulin-Like Growth Factors and Mutagen Sensitivity as Predictors of Lung Cancer Risk (2003)

Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are mitogenic peptide hormones involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, transformation, and apoptosis. The members of the IGF family include two types of peptides (IGF-1 and IGF-2), two types of cell membrane receptors (IGF-1R and IGF-2R), and six binding proteins (IGFBP1-6) (1,2). This family of growth factors has several important functions. IGF-mediated activation of the IGF-1 receptor stimulates the signal transduction pathway involving MAP kinase (i.e., mitogen-activated protein kinase) and increases the expression of cyclin D1, which accelerates cell-cycle progression from G1 to S phase (2,3). IGFs also suppress programmed cell death by increasing the synthesis of Bcl proteins and inhibiting that of Bax proteins (4,5). Furthermore, IGFs counteract the actions of many antiproliferative molecules, such as retinoic acid. IGFBPs normally inhibit the mitogenic action of IGFs by blocking the binding of IGFs to their receptor (6). Blocking the interaction between IGFs and their receptors can abolish IGF-stimulated proliferation of lung cancer cells (7,8). IGFBP-3 is the principal IGFBP in the circulation.
Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Hypoglycaemic and Antidiabetic Activities of Some Seaweed Collected from the East Coast of India (2016)

Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a cluster of never-ending diseases, which is recognized by its most common characteristic, hyperglycaemia. It is usually classified in to two main categoriesi.e. Type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM), caused due to complete absence of insulin production and Type II dia
Defective Cytochrome c-dependent Caspase Activation in Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines due to Diminished or Absent Apoptotic Protease Activating Factor-1 Activity (2001)

Apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway requires release of cytochrome c into the cytosol to initiate formation of an oligomeric apoptotic protease-activating factor-1 (APAF-1) apoptosome. The apoptosome recruits and activates caspase-9, which in turn activates caspase-3 and -7, which then kill the cell by proteolysis. Because inactivation of this pathway may promote oncogenesis, we examined 10 ovarian cancer cell lines for resistance to cytochrome c-dependent caspase activation using a cell-free system. Strikingly, we found that cytosolic extracts from all cell lines had diminished cytochrome c-dependent caspase activation compared with normal ovarian epithelium extracts. The resistant cell lines expressed APAF-1 and caspase-9, -3, and -7; however, each demonstrated diminished APAF-1 activity relative to the normal ovarian epithelium cell lines. A competitive APAF-1 inhibitor may account for the diminished APAF-1 activity because we did not detect dominant APAF-1 inhibitors, altered APAF-1 isoform expression, or APAF-1 deletion, degradation, or mutation. Lack of APAF-1 activity correlated in some but not all cell lines with resistance to apoptosis. These data suggest that regulation of APAF-1 activity may be important for apoptosis regulation in some ovarian cancers.
SUGAR CONSUMPTION IN THE UNITED STATES‐ FOOD GROUP CONTRIBUTIONS BY EATING OCCASIONS: RESULTS FROM NHANES 2011‐12 (2015)

Data from NHANES 2011‐12 were analyzed to determine the food group contributions by eating occasion to total sugar consumption for the total population and by age groups. Total sugar consumption currently accounts for approximately 23% of daily energy for Americans ages 2+ years. Soft drinks, non‐flavored milk and milk products, desserts, candy/sweets and fruit are the leading contributors of total daily sugar for the U.S. population (15%, 12%, 10%, 8%, and 8%, respectively). Twenty‐one percent of total daily sugar is consumed at breakfast. Non‐flavored milk and milk products, candy/sweets, fruit juices, cereals and other grain products are the leading contributors at breakfast (17%, 13%, 11%, 10%, and 10%, respectively). Eighteen percent of total daily sugar is consumed at lunch with leading contributors including soft drinks, grain products (excluding cereals and desserts), fruit drinks, non‐flavored milk and milk products and fruit (20%, 11%, 8%, 8% and 8%, respectively). Twenty‐three percent of total daily sugar is consumed at the dinner occasion and the leading sources are similar to lunch; soft drinks, grain products (excluding cereals and desserts), non‐flavored milk and milk products, fruit and fruit drinks (20%, 12%, 11%,9 % and 8%, respectively). Thirty percent of total daily sugar is consumed at snacking occasions. Leading sources include dessert foods, non‐flavored milk and milk products, candy/sweets, soft drinks, and fruit juices (16%, 14%, 14%, 13%, and 12%, respectively). The food group contributions at the four eating occasions vary slightly by the three age groups examined (2‐12, 13‐18 and 19+ years).
Supplementary Figure from SPOP Mutations as a Predictive Biomarker for Androgen Receptor Axis–Targeted Therapy in <i>De Novo</i> Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure from SPOP Mutations as a Predictive Biomarker for Androgen Receptor Axis–Targeted Therapy in &lt;i&gt;De Novo&lt;/i&gt; Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer