gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Geranyl Acetate Esterase Controls and Regulates the Level of Geraniol in Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus Nees ex Steud.) Mutant cv. GRL-1 Leaves (2009)

Essential oil isolated from lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) mutant cv. GRL-1 leaves is mainly composed of geraniol (G) and geranyl acetate (GA). The proportion of G and GA markedly fluctuates during leaf development. The proportions of GA and G in the essential oil recorded at day 10 after leaf emergence were approximately 59% and approximately 33% respectively. However, the level of GA went down from approximately 59 to approximately 3% whereas the level of G rose from approximately 33 to approximately 91% during the leaf growth period from day 10 to day 50. However, the decline in the level of GA was most pronounced in the early (day 10 to day 30) stage of leaf growth. The trend of changes in the proportion of GA and G has clearly indicated the role of an esterase that must be involved in the conversion of GA to G during leaf development. We isolated an esterase from leaves of different ages that converts GA into G and has been given the name geranyl acetate esterase (GAE). The GAE activity markedly varied during the leaf development cycle; it was closely correlated with the monoterpene (GA and G) composition throughout leaf development. GAE appeared as several isoenzymes but only three (GAE-I, GAE-II, and GAE-III) of them had significant GA cleaving activity. The GAE isoenzymes pattern was greatly influenced by the leaf developmental stages and so their GA cleaving activities. Like the GAE activity, GAE isoenzyme patterns were also found to be consistent with the monoterpene (GA and G) composition. GAE had an optimum pH at 8.5 and temperature at 30 degrees C. Besides GAE, a compound with phosphatase activity capable of hydrolyzing geranyl diphosphate (GPP) to produce geraniol has also been isolated.
Rapid Prediction of Fatty Acid Content in Marine Oil Omega-3 Dietary Supplements Using a Portable Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Device and Partial Least-Squares Regression (PLSR) Analysis (2016)

Using a portable field device, a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and partial least-squares regression (PLSR) method was developed for the rapid (<5 min) prediction of major and minor fatty acid (FA) concentrations in marine oil omega-3 dietary supplements. Calibration models were developed with 174 gravimetrically prepared samples. These models were tested using an independent validation set of dietary supplements. FAs analyzed included eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); the sums of saturated, branched-chain, and monounsaturated FAs; and n-6, n-4, n-3, n-1, and trans polyunsaturated FA. The spectral ranges 650–1500 or 650–1500 and 2800–3050 cm–1 provided reliable predictions for FA components in 34 neat oil products: standard error of prediction, 0.73–1.58%; residual predictive deviation, 6.41–12.6. This simple, nondestructive quantitative method is a rapid screening tool and a time and cost-saving alternative to gas chromatography for verifying label declarations and in quality control.
Effects of the Herbicide Glyphosate on Honey Bee Sensory and Cognitive Abilities: Individual Impairments with Implications for the Hive (2019)

The honeybee <i>Apis mellifera</i> is an important pollinator in both undisturbed and agricultural ecosystems. Its great versatility as an experimental model makes it an excellent proxy to evaluate the environmental impact of agrochemicals using current methodologies and procedures in environmental toxicology. The increase in agrochemical use, including those that do not target insects directly, can have deleterious effects if carried out indiscriminately. This seems to be the case of the herbicide glyphosate (GLY), the most widely used agrochemical worldwide. Its presence in honey has been reported in samples obtained from different environments. Hence, to understand its current and potential risks for this pollinator it has become essential to not only study the effects on honeybee colonies located in agricultural settings, but also its effects under laboratory conditions. Subtle deleterious effects can be detected using experimental approaches. GLY negatively affects associative learning processes of foragers, cognitive and sensory abilities of young hive bees and promotes delays in brood development. An integrated approach that considers behavior, physiology, and development allows not only to determine the effects of this agrochemical on this eusocial insect from an experimental perspective, but also to infer putative effects in disturbed environments where it is omnipresent.
Information-driven dynamic sensor collaboration (2002)

This article overviews the information-driven approach to sensor collaboration in ad hoc sensor networks. The main idea is for a network to determine participants in a "sensor collaboration" by dynamically optimizing the information utility of data for a given cost of communication and computation. A definition of information utility is introduced, and several approximate measures of the information utility are developed for reasons of computational tractability. We illustrate the use of this approach using examples drawn from tracking applications.
A Novel Robotic Meshworm With Segment-Bending Anchoring for Colonoscopy (2017)

This letter introduces the design and evaluation of a novel worm-inspired, multisegment robotic endoscope with multiple degrees of freedom segments. The novelty of this design is that the robot is able to drive forwards and backwards, anchor itself, steer while inside a tubular structure and control the orientation of an end-mounted camera all by bending its flexible segments. The mechanical design is shown and a sensing system based on Hall Effect sensors is incorporated. In a simulated colon, a top speed of 1.21 mm/s was achieved, equivalent to roughly 38% of the theoretical maximum. These results are discussed and further improvements are suggested, followed by general concluding remarks.
Microscopic wave functions for the fractional quantized Hall states atν=25 and 27 (1986)

New microscopic trial wave functions are proposed for fractional quantized Hall states at $\ensuremath{\nu}=\frac{2}{(2p+1)}$. Results for $\ensuremath{\nu}=\frac{2}{5} \mathrm{and} \frac{2}{7}$ based on Monte Carlo and exact numerical computations are presented. For $N\ensuremath{\le}10$ electrons on a sphere, energies differ from the exact ground-state energy by less than 0.3%. For even $p$, such as $\ensuremath{\nu}=\frac{2}{5}$, the trial wave function may be regarded as a microscopic realization of the condensed quasiparticle state postulated in hierarchical schemes.
AMP-Activated Protein Kinase can negatively modulate Ornithine Decarboxylase activity in cardiomyoblasts (2011)

The responses of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) and Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) to isoproterenol have been examined in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts, a cell model of cardiac hypertrophy. AMPK represents the link between cell growth and energy availability whereas ODC, the key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis, is essential for all growth processes including the development of cardiac hypertrophy. Isoproterenol rapidly induced ODC activity in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts by promoting the synthesis of the enzyme protein. The increase in enzyme activity became significant between 15 and 30 minutes after the treatment. At the same time, isoproterenol stimulated the phosphorylation of AMPKα catalytic subunits (Thr172), which could be observed as soon as 15 minutes. Downregulation of both α1 and α2 isoforms of the AMPK catalytic subunit by siRNA to knockdown AMPK enzymatic activity, led to superinduction of ODC in isoproterenol-treated cardiomyoblasts. Downregulation of AMPKα increased ODC activity even in cells treated with other adrenergic agonists and in untreated cells, but was without effect when ODC was induced by hypoxia, suggesting that ODC modulation by AMPK is not a general event, but is stimulus-dependent.&#13;\nIn conclusion, isoproterenol quickly activates in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts two events that seem to contrast one another. The first one, an increase in ODC activity, is linked to cell growth, whereas the second, AMPK activation, is a homeostatic mechanism that negatively modulates the first. The modulation of ODC activity by AMPK can represent a self-regulating mechanism that may contribute to control the development of heart hypertrophy.
A study on a common service-providing architecture for future telecommunications (2002)

The new trends in the service area cause a change on the service providing architecture and scheme. The most obvious differences are multimedia services and multiparty communications. The existing service providing schemes can hardly catch up with these new trends. A few years ago, multimedia service was not applicable to the public networks, because of the shortage of transmission bandwidth. Nowadays, the transmission capabilities of the public networks have been continuously changing. Moreover, developing ATM technology is the most powerful driving force towards a B-ISDN era. The essential components which constitute the traditional schemes have been defined in the characteristic categories of transmission, terminal and switching. We define an additional component for the new B-ISDN services on public networks. We proposed a service-providing architecture to be implemented on an ATM-based switching system as a uniform service platform called service node system (SNS) for public telecommunication networks. The SNS will provide a high degree of efficiency for providing a variety of new services on ATM based telecommunication networks. We define various functions of the architecture and describe interaction schemes among its function modules. Also, some performance issues, such as network grade of service, and signalling transfer delay are considered in an attempt to verify the usefulness and the adequacy of the proposed architecture.
Les enseignements logistiques après trois ans de présence dans le Sahel (2016)

L’opération Serval , puis aujourd’hui Barkhane , ont déjà permis de tirer des enseignements logistiques. Les exigences du théâtre sahélien sont hors normes et obligent à des efforts permanents d’adaptation tant des moyens que des modalités d’organisation, avec une chaîne de commandement éprouvée et réactive.
The Effect of Galvanic Attack on Composites (1991)

"The Effect of Galvanic Attack on Composites." Materials and Processing Report, 6(4-5), pp. 1–2
Laser Gyro Dither Random Noise (1984)

The error angle created when an alternating bias is used to bias the laser gyre is given for different operating conditions. These conditions are defined by the time required to reverse the biase angle by one count. 1. Slow dither--where the time for reversal is long (i.e., greater than a &quot;characteristic time&quot; of the inverse of the lock-in frequency). 2. Fast dither--where the frequency and reversal rates of the gyro bias are very high (i.e., the time for reversal of a count is less than the &quot;characteristic time&quot;). 3. Very fast dither--where the reversal of the bias rate is virtually instantaneous (less than the time for one count, i.e., 1/F output). This is referred to as square wave dither.
SAJBER OSIGURANJE ZA MALA I SREDNJA PREDUZEĆA (2022)

U radu su nakon uvoda koji oslikava sajber prostor prikazom nekoliko njegovih karakteristika, izložene osnove upravljanja rizikom, kako bi se ukazalo na značaj sajber osiguranja u tom procesu. Dalje je dat pregled postojećih polisa sajber osiguranja, iz ugla pokrića, ali i izuzetaka. Poslednje poglavlje opisuje metodologiju procene nivoa rizika preduzeća koje aplicira za sajber osiguranje i proračuna cene premije, na koju utiču brojni faktori.
Techniques of evaluating long term oxide reliability at wafer level (1978)

This paper discusses techniques of evaluating long term oxide reliability at the wafer level. These techniques are presently used in the development of high reliability oxide processes. The first technique involves a statistical analysis of the electric field distribution of MOS capacitor primary breakdown. The second technique consists of monitoring time dependent breakdowns of test capacitors during a short four second voltage accelerated stress test. Using an empirically derived voltage acceleration factor (10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> /MV/cm) failure rates at nominal voltages can be accurately extrapolated from these voltage accelerated data. A discussion of how these techniques can be used to determine oxide reliability is presented.
Comparative membrane proteome analysis of three Borrelia species (2012)

The versatility of the surface of Borrelia, the causative agent of Lyme borreliosis, is very important in host-pathogen interactions allowing bacteria to survive in ticks and to persist in a mammalian environment. To identify the surface proteome of Borrelia, we have performed a large comparative proteomic analysis on the three most important pathogenic Borrelia species, namely B. burgdorferi (strain B31), B. afzelii (strain K78), and B. garinii (strain PBi). Isolation of membrane proteins was performed by using three different approaches: (i) a detergent-based fractionation of outer membrane proteins; (ii) a trypsin-based partial shedding of outer cell surface proteins; (iii) biotinylation of membrane proteins and preparation of the biotin-labelled fraction using streptavidin. Proteins derived from the detergent-based fractionation were further sub-fractionated by heparin affinity chromatography since heparin-like molecules play an important role for microbial entry into human cells. All isolated proteins were analysed using either a gel-based liquid chromatography (LC)-MS/MS technique or by two-dimensional (2D)-LC-MS/MS resulting in the identification of 286 unique proteins. Ninety seven of these were found in all three Borrelia species, representing potential targets for a broad coverage vaccine for the prevention of Lyme borreliosis caused by the different Borrelia species.
Food Processing at a Crossroad (2019)

Recently, processed foods received negative images among consumers and experts regarding food-health imbalance. This stresses the importance of the food processing-nutrition interface and its relevance within the diet-health debates. In this review, we approach the related questions in a 3-fold way. Pointing out the distinguished role food processing has played in the development of the human condition and during its 1.7 million year old history, we show the function of food processing for the general design principles of food products. Secondly, a detailed analysis of consumer related design principles and processing reveals questions remaining from the historical transformation from basic cooking into advanced food technology. As a consequence, we analyze new and emerging technologies in relation to their contributions to food-health impacts. During the last 35 years, new and emerging food technologies have initiated a paradigm shift away from conventional process methodologies to gentler, non-thermal processing. Reducing the existing uncertainties in the assessment of impact of technology like "minimal processing," we propose the use of the newly established ISO standard for natural food ingredients as a "reference point." Finally, we assess the usefulness of recently proposed classification systems, e.g., NOVA classification, based on comprehensive insights of recently published nutritional analysis of those classifications. This paper calls for a radical change and worldwide adaptation of the key research and developmental areas tackling the grand challenges in our food systems.
Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA encoding urotensin I precursor. (1986)

The primary structure of the precursor of urotensin I, a neuropeptide hormone from the caudal neurosecretory system of the carp Cyprinus carpio, has been determined by analyzing the nucleotide sequence of cloned DNA complementary to the mRNA encoding it. The precursor consists of 145 amino acid residues and the carboxyl terminus represents the 41-amino acid sequence of urotensin I, preceded by Lys-Arg and followed by Gly-Lys. Sequence homology as well as similar organization of the precursors of urotensin I and mammalian corticotropin-releasing factors suggest that they are evolutionarily related. RNA transfer blot analysis indicates that mRNA encoding the precursor of urotensin I is present only in the spinal cord and not in the brain, intestine, liver, or kidney of the carp.
Security Netrwork Management System Based on Web Management Technology (2002)

The article analyses technologies of network management based on Web.It provides one method solving the security management, as well as designs and realizes the model of the security management combined with technologies based on Web.
Weak First-Order Tilting Transition in Monolayers of Mono- and Bipolar Docosanol Derivatives (2006)

A systematic analysis of pressure-area isotherms and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) data of 22-methoxydocosan-1-ol (H3C-O-(CH2)22-OH, MDO), docosan-1-ol (H3C-(CH2)21-OH, DO), and docosyl methyl ether (H3C-(CH2)21-O-CH3, DME) monolayers on pure water between 10 and 35 degrees C is presented. All monolayers form fully condensed phases in the investigated temperature region. The GIXD data reveal that the monolayers exhibit the phase sequence -S at lower temperature and -LS at higher temperature. Phase diagrams have been established. Inserting a second hydrophilic group at the opposite end of the molecule (bipolar MDO) shifts the S/LS boundary to higher temperatures. All monolayers exhibit herringbone (HB) packing at lower temperatures. The "kink" in the isotherms observed at lower temperatures is replaced by a very small plateau region at higher temperatures. The entropy changes connected with this weak first-order tilting transition are much smaller compared with the first-order transition from liquid-expanded (LE) to condensed (LC). Additionally, this transition is endothermic in contrast to the LE/LC transition. The reason for the endothermic transition is the weaker positional correlation in the nontilted state compared with the tilted one. The appearance of the weak first-order endothermic transition can be connected with the changed phase sequence. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements provide information about the polar group orientation. Considerations based on GIXD and XPS data as well as adhesion energy of the different terminal end groups lead to the conclusion that the hydroxyl group of the bipolar MDO is attached to the water surface while the methoxy group is in contact with air. The presented results show that the second hydrophilic group influences the monolayer properties in a mild way.
Chiral Bismuth‐Rhodium Paddlewheel Complexes Empowered by London Dispersion: The C−H Functionalization Nexus (2022)

Abstract Heterobimetallic [BiRh] tetracarboxylate catalysts endowed with 1,3‐disilylated phenylglycine paddlewheels benefit from interligand London dispersion. They were originally designed for asymmetric cyclopropanation but are now shown to perform very well in asymmetric C−H functionalization reactions too. Because of the confined ligand sphere about the derived donor/acceptor carbenes, insertions into unhindered methyl groups are kinetically favored, although methylene units also react with excellent levels of asymmetric induction; even gaseous ethane is a suitable substrate. Moreover, many functional groups in both partners are tolerated. The resulting products are synthetically equivalent to the outcome of traditional asymmetric ester alkylation, allylation, benzylation, propargylation and aldol reactions and therefore constitute a valuable nexus to more conventional chemical logic.
Importance of Truncation Activation in Pre-Processing for Spatial and Jpeg Image Steganalysis (2019)

In recent years, research on the task of image steganalysis have increasingly tapped on the power of deep learning algorithms to build more complex and deeper CNN to improve detection performance of embedded secrets in both grayscale and/or JPEG images. This paper will present an empirical study on the effectiveness of having a truncation activation function at the pre-processing phase of a CNN-based stegan-alyzer. Specifically, with commonly-used high-pass filters and the truncation activation, a domain-specific steganalyzer can now be expanded for multi-domain steganalysis, i.e., for both spatial and JPEG domain steganalysis. In our experiments, we investigated two state-of-the-art CNN-based steganalyzers, namely the Yedroudj-Net and Dense-Net which were originally built solely for spatial and JPEG steganalysis respectively. The truncation activation in pre-processing has shown to improve detection rate and accelerate the training phase.
Design and Synthesis of a Novel Ring‐Expanded 4′‐Thio‐apio‐nucleoside Derivative. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Josephson effect through a quantum dot array (2007)

We analyze the ground state properties of an array of quantum dots connected in series between superconducting electrodes. This system is represented by a finite Hubbard chain coupled at both ends to BCS superconductors. The ground state is obtained using the Lanczos algorithm within a low energy theory in which the bulk superconductors are replaced by effective local pairing potentials. We study the conditions for the inversion of the sign of the Josephson coupling ($\ensuremath{\pi}$-junction behavior) as a function of the model parameters. Results are presented in the form of phase diagrams, which provide a direct overall view of the general trends as the size of the system is increased, exhibiting a strong even-odd effect. The analysis of the spin-spin correlation functions and local charges give further insight into the nature of the ground state and how it is transformed by the presence of superconductivity in the leads. Finally, we study the scaling of the Josephson current with the system size and relate these results with previous calculations of Josephson transport through a Luttinger liquid.
Hohe Verdünnung, winzige Volumina - Einzelmolekülmethoden (2016)

Um die Empfindlichkeit in der analytischen Chemie zu maximieren, liegt es nahe, einzelne Moleküle nachzuweisen. Beispiele sind DNA-Sequenzierung und Proteinanalytik mit Immunoassays.
Learning science through computer games and simulations (2012)

edited by Margaret A. Honey and Margaret Hilton, Committee on Science Learning: Computer Games, Simulations, and Education, Washington, DC, National Research Council, 2011, 174 pp., US$39.00 (paper...
ChemInform Abstract: SOME REACTIONS OF PHOSPHORUS THIO ACID DIHYDRAZIDES (1977)

Abstract Bei der Umsetzung des Dihydrazids (I) mit Monocarbonylverbindung, z.B. (II), können Dihydrazone (III), Azine (IV) oder beide Substanzen nebeneinander entstehen.
Spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in four consecutive pregnancies. (1996)

Spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and pregnancy may occur in patients with polycystic ovarian disease. Color Doppler ultrasonography is a useful aid in the diagnosis and management of this rare complication, and in avoiding inappropriate intervention.