gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Observations on the cerebellum of normal‐reeler mutant mouse chimera (1986)

The normal-reeler chimera mouse (+/+ in equilibrium with rl/rl) provides an experimental system in which an analysis of the migration of immature neurons in the cerebellum can be accomplished. In the present study, five chimera mice were produced from embryos of the wild-type control (C57Bl/6N) and the reeler mutant mouse (BALB/c) by the aggregation technique. The isozyme pattern of glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI) revealed that the brain tissue in the chimera contained both isozymes of the BALB/c (reeler) and C57Bl/6N (normal) strains, implying that internal mosaicism of the cerebellum truly existed. We found no abnormality in the cerebellum of the chimera mouse: the neuronal and glial subpopulations revealed no difference from those of the control. Such normalization of the cerebellum in the chimera suggests that the disturbance of neuronal migration in the reeler is attributable to an abnormal cell-to-cell interaction between migrating young neurons and the radial glial cells.
Radical pathways of coal dissolution in hydrogen donor media. 2. .beta. Scission and 1,2 aryl migration reactions of radicals derived from methylindans and tetralin at 327-627.degree.C (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRadical pathways of coal dissolution in hydrogen donor media. 2. .beta. Scission and 1,2 aryl migration reactions of radicals derived from methylindans and tetralin at 327-627.degree.CJames A. Franz and Donald M. CamaioniCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 26, 5247–5255Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01314a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01314a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views322Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Multi-Frequency Multi-Focal Length Ultrasonic Therapy Transducer (1992)

A transducer system is described for hyperthermia applications. By changing only mechanical attachments, it is possible to have the system to function at different frequencies (0.5–3 MHz). Focusing of the ultrasound beam is achieved by a plano-concave perspex lens on the front surface of the transducer. A mechanical arrangement is used to change the lens and the disc to provide focal lengths ranging between 90–150 mm at different frequencies and intensities from the same transducer system.
Stress distribution and contact area measurements of a gecko toe using a high-resolution tactile sensor (2015)

The adhesive systems of geckos have been widely studied and have been a great source of bioinspiration. Load-sharing (i.e. preventing stress concentrations through equal distribution of loads) is necessary to maximize the performance of an adhesive system, but it is not known to what extent load-sharing occurs in gecko toes. In this paper, we present in vivo measurements of the stress distribution and contact area on the toes of a tokay gecko (Gekko gecko) using a custom tactile sensor with 100 μm spatial resolution. We found that the stress distributions were nonuniform, with large variations in stress between and within lamellae, suggesting that load-sharing in the tokay gecko is uneven. These results may be relevant to the understanding of gecko morphology and the design of improved synthetic adhesive systems.
On the modelling of GMSK binary transmission over time-variant TDMA/FDD macrocellular radio channels with derotation-based coherent demodulation (2002)

GMSK is an efficient modulation technique for digital mobile communications. In this paper a simple solution to the modeling and simulation of GMSK systems impaired by fading channels and additive white Gaussian noise is given, and its effects on the channel characteristics are also considered. The modeling is based on the well-known linearized representation of phase-modulated signals. The analysis is not only useful for modeling and simulation purposes, but also gives a tool for the design of simple receivers.
Treatment of In-Stent Stenosis Following Flow Diversion of Intracranial Aneurysms with Cilostazol and Clopidogrel (2021)

In-stent stenosis is a feared complication of flow diversion treatment for cerebral aneurysms. We present 2 cases of patients treated with pipeline flow diversion for unruptured cerebral aneurysms. Initial perioperative dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) consisted of standard aspirin plus clopidogrel. At 6-month follow-up cerebral angiography, the patients were noted to have developed significant in-stent stenosis (63% and 53%). The patients were treated with cilostazol and clopidogrel for at least 6 months. Subsequent angiography at 1-year post-treatment showed significant improvement of the in-stent stenosis from 63% to 34% and 53% to 21%. The role of cilostazol as treatment of intracranial in-stent stenosis has not been previously described. Cilostazol's vasodilatory effect and suppression of vascular smooth muscle proliferation provides ideal benefits in this setting. Cilostazol plus clopidogrel may be a safe and effective alternative to standard DAPT for treatment of in-stent stenosis following flow diversion and warrants further consideration and investigation.
A Depolarizing Chipless RFID Tag for Robust Detection and Its FCC Compliant UWB Reading System (2013)

A new chipless RF identification (RFID) tag design is presented in this paper to ease the detection of items in a real environment. For this purpose, we present multiple scatterers able to depolarize the incident wave to create a response in the orthogonal polarization. Measurements in anechoic chamber and in a real environment, when the tags are positioned on dielectric and metal objects, show their higher detection capability. For the first time, a study on the technique to increase the detection area with a simplified calibration step is carried out. This makes possible the detection of the tag on objects of various sizes and compositions, which is required in the majority of RFID applications.
Constructing control flow graph that accounts for exception induced control flows for Java (2003)

Many program-analysis techniques, such as data-flow and control-dependence analysis, and software-engineering techniques, such as program slicing and testings, use control flow graph (CFG). For these analyses to be safe and useful, the CFG should incorporate the exception-induced control flow. Failure to account for exception induced control flows in performing analyses can result in incorrect analysis information. In this paper, we propose a method to construct CFG that accounts for exception-induced control flow. We show that normal control flows and exception induced control flows can be safely decoupled, hence these two flows can be computed separately. We propose the analysis that estimates exception-induced control flows, and also propose exception propagation graph that represents exception induced control flows. The control flow graph that accounts for exception-induced control flow can be constructed by merging exception propagation graph onto control flow graph with normal control flows.
ChemInform Abstract: RADICAL CHAIN REACTIONS WITH MALEIC ANHYDRIDES ‐ CONTRATHERMODYNAMIC STEREOSELECTIVITY (1985)

Abstract Zur Klärung der Substituenteneinflüsse auf die Selektivität von Radikalreaktionen wird mit den Anhydriden (1) die als Quecksilbermethode bekannte Reaktion durchgeführt, die nur im Fall (Ia) überwiegend über das zu (IIa) regioisomere Radikal (Va) als Hauptprodukt ergibt.
ASF: a practical simulation-based methodology for the synthesis of custom analog circuits (2002)

This paper describes ASF, a novel cell-level analog synthesis framework that can size and bias a given circuit topology subject to a set of performance objectives and a manufacturing process. To manage complexity and time-to-market, SoC designs require a high level of automation and reuse. Digital methodologies are inapplicable to analog IP, which relies on tight control of low-level device and circuit properties that vary widely across manufacturing processes. This analog synthesis solution automates these tedious, technology specific aspects of analog design. Unlike previously proposed approaches, ASF extends the prevalent "schematic and SPICE" methodology used to design analog and mixed-signal circuits. ASF is topology and technology independent and can be easily integrated into a commercial schematic capture design environment. Furthermore, ASF employs a novel numerical optimization formulation that incorporates classical downhill techniques into stochastic search. ASF consistently produces results comparable to expert manual design with 10/spl times/ fewer candidate solution evaluations than previously published approaches that rely on traditional stochastic optimization methods.
A Randomized Multicenter Study of Remifentanil Compared with Alfentanil, Isoflurane, or Propofol in Anesthetized Pediatric Patients Undergoing Elective Strabismus Surgery (1997)

Remifentanil hydrochloride is a new, ultrashort-acting opioid metabolized by nonspecific plasma and tissue esterases. We conducted this multicenter study to examine the hemodynamic response and recovery profile of premedicated children undergoing strabismus repair who were randomly assigned to receive one of four treatment drugs (remifentanil, alfentanil, isoflurane, or propofol) along with nitrous oxide and oxygen for maintenance of anesthesia. Induction of anesthesia was by nitrous oxide, oxygen, and halothane or nitrous oxide, oxygen, and propofol. Anesthesia was then maintained with remifentanil 1.0 micro g/kg over 30-60 s, followed by a constant infusion of 1.0 micro g [centered dot] kg-1 [centered dot] min-1, alfentanil 100 micro g/kg bolus followed by a constant infusion of 2.5 micro g [centered dot] kg-1 [centered dot] min-1, propofol 2.5 mg/kg bolus followed by a constant infusion of 200 micro g [centered dot] kg-1 [centered dot] min-1, or isoflurane 1.0 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration. The infusions of the anesthetics and the administration of the inhaled gases were adjusted clinically by predetermined protocols. Elapsed time intervals from the end of surgery to the time the patients were tracheally extubated and displayed purposeful movement, as well as the time the patients met the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) and hospital discharge times, were recorded. Heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured at fixed intervals. In addition, cardiovascular side effects (bradycardia, hypotension, and hypertension) as well as vomiting, pruritus, agitation, and postoperative hypoxemia were also noted. There were no significant differences in patient demographics among the treatment groups. There was no difference in the early recovery variables (times to extubation and purposeful movement) or the times to PACU and hospital discharge among groups. There were significant differences in side effects among the groups. Patients who received remifentanil had higher PACU objective pain-discomfort scores than those who received alfentanil and propofol. Patients anesthetized with alfentanil had a greater incidence in the use of naloxone and a greater incidence of postoperative hypoxemia compared with those anesthetized with remifentanil. The incidence of postoperative hypoxemia was the same for remifentanil, propofol, and isoflurane groups. There were no significant differences in the incidence of emesis among the four groups, and all four groups had similar hemodynamic profiles. We conclude that remifentanil appears to be an effective drug for anesthesia. Its hemodynamic and recovery profile appear similar to other comparable drugs. Based on previous pharmacokinetic studies, the 1.0 micro g [centered dot] kg-1 [centered dot] min-1 infusion may be twice the 50% effective dose observed in adults. In this study, the relative "overdose" of remifentanil was well tolerated and did not prolong recovery. (Anesth Analg 1997;84:982-9)
Estimating surface air temperature at a regional scale for north China by remote sensing (2016)

Regional surface air temperature is a significant indicator to research the climate and monitor the environment. In order to estimate surface air temperature in regional scale by remote sensing observations, the study based on the improved advection-energy balance for the surface air temperature (ADEBAT) model to acquire surface air temperature in North China. Results showed that the improved ADEBAT model performed well, the retrieved air temperature had good agreements with measurements from weather stations, with correlations coefficients (R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) of 0.73, 0.78 and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.6°C, 0.5°C, respectively, on two days.
An SOI optical microswitch integrated with silicon waveguides and touch-down micromirror actuators (2002)

We present an SOI optical microswitch for applications to an integrated optical transceiver module, connected with optical I/O ports, source (LD) and receiver (PD). The optical microswitch consists of the waveguides and the micromirror actuators, all fabricated by the silicon layer on an SOI wafer. In the normally off-state, the micromirrors bypass the input signal to the output port. In the on-state, however, the actuated micromirrors provide optical interconnections between I/O ports and PD/LD, respectively. The present waveguide switch uses actuated micromirrors, thus providing more reliable optical path change than the conventional electro-optic or thermo-optic waveguide switches. In addition, we simplify the structure and the process of the microswitch by using the silicon waveguides and the silicon mirror-actuators, all fabricated by the ICP etching of an identical SOI wafer.
Neurons secrete miR-132-containing exosomes to regulate brain vascular integrity (2017)

Vascular integrity helps maintain brain microenvironment homeostasis, which is critical for the normal development and function of the central nervous system. It is known that neural cells can regulate brain vascular integrity. However, due to the high complexity of neurovascular interactions involved, understanding of the neural regulation of brain vascular integrity is still rudimentary. Using intact zebrafish larvae and cultured rodent brain cells, we find that neurons transfer miR-132, a highly conserved and neuron-enriched microRNA, via secreting exosomes to endothelial cells (ECs) to maintain brain vascular integrity. Following translocation to ECs through exosome internalization, miR-132 regulates the expression of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin), an important adherens junction protein, by directly targeting eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eef2k). Disruption of neuronal miR-132 expression or exosome secretion, or overexpression of vascular eef2k impairs VE-cadherin expression and brain vascular integrity. Our study indicates that miR-132 acts as an intercellular signal mediating neural regulation of the brain vascular integrity and suggests that the neuronal exosome is a novel avenue for neurovascular communication.
Characterization of a Protein Kinase B Inhibitor In Vitro and in Insulin-Treated Liver Cells (2007)

This work establishes the requirement for PKB activity in the insulin regulation of PEPCK, G6Pase, and a third insulin-regulated gene, IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP1); suggests a high degree of functional reserve; and identifies Akti-1/2 as a useful tool to delineate PKB function in the liver.
A First-Principles Model for Hydrogen Uptake Promoted by Sulfur on Ni(111) (2011)

First-principles calculations have been employed to assist in the development of a three-zone model for hydrogen uptake promoted by sulfur on the (111) surface plane of Ni. The three zones suggested by previous work of Protopopoff and Marcus [ J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A , 5 , 944 (1987).] consist of (1) a site-blocking zone, where sulfur prevents hydrogen occupation at four adsorption sites per sulfur atom, (2) a promotion zone, where nearby sulfur raises the chemical potential of hydrogen in the six next-nearest-neighbor sites and beyond these two zones, (3) a free zone in which there is no influence of the adsorbed sulfur. The model is based on adsorption energies of hydrogen on Ni(111) as well as the sulfur–hydrogen interaction energies calculated from density functional theory. The results from the model indicate that the maximum promotion for hydrogen uptake occurs when up to 0.1 monolayer (ML) coverage of sulfur is present, and beyond this limit the site-blocking features of sulfur begin to dominate, thus reducing the available surface area down to 0 at 0.25 ML of sulfur.
Influence of tilted geometries on critical current in superconducting thin films (2005)

We present measurements of the angular dependent critical current (J/sub c/) of DyBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/ on single crystal SrTiO/sub 3/ and YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/ on tilted Ion Beam Assisted Deposition MgO substrate. These experiments demonstrate that J/sub c/ angular dependences of tilted defects are a useful tool to detect misalignments between the internal and applied magnetic fields. The results show that, in order to understand vortex pinning in thin anisotropic samples below certain value of magnetic field, this misalignment must be taken into account.
Accessible Region and Synthesis of Robot Arms (1981)

The present paper deals with the study of determining accessible region for two and three-link robotic arms with pin-joints. Based on the derivation of the loci-curves traced by a two-link robotic arm, design charts are developed. Such design charts are utilized in determining the accessible regions of a three-link robotic arm. Following the analysis of the accessible regions of two and three-link robotic arms, the paper presents a synthesis procedure to synthesize two and three-link robotic arms. Given a set of end-positions of a two or three-link robot arm, the proposed synthesis procedure will yield the dimensions and the location of the robot arm which will enclose within its accessible region the design points. The same synthesis procedure is proposed to trace a specific planar point-path. The present paper further examines the potential application of the synthesis procedure of two and three-link robotic arms in synthesizing a closed-loop mechanism for point-path generation. The two-link robotic arm is examined for the case where the end positions lie on a fixed circle. This case leads to the synthesis of a four-bar mechanism for a special point-path curve. The synthesis procedure may be extended from the four-bar synthesis to a cam-follower (non-circular-cam) system where the follower is the two link robotic arm. A further extension of this procedure is demonstrated in synthesizing analytically the dual-cam mechanisms derived from the stephenson six-link mechanism. The present investigation examines all three possible cases of dual-cam mechanisms. For special cases, it is demonstrated that such dual-cam mechanism may be degenerated to synthesize a mechanism with one cam pair.
The catabolic function of the α-aminoadipic acid pathway in plants is associated with unidirectional activity of lysine‒oxoglutarate reductase, but not saccharopine dehydrogenase (2000)

Whereas plants and animals use the alpha-aminoadipic acid pathway to catabolize lysine, yeast and fungi use the very same pathway to synthesize lysine. These two groups of organisms also possess structurally distinct forms of two enzymes in this pathway, namely lysine-oxoglutarate reductase (lysine-ketoglutarate reductase; LKR) and saccharopine dehydrogenase (SDH): in plants and animals these enzymes are linked on to a single bifunctional polypeptide, while in yeast and fungi they exist as separate entities. In addition, yeast LKR and SDH possess bi-directional activities, and their anabolic function is regulated by complex transcriptional and post-transcriptional controls, which apparently ascertain differential accumulation of intermediate metabolites; in plants, the regulation of the catabolic function of these two enzymes is not known. To elucidate the regulation of the catabolic function of plant bifunctional LKR/SDH enzymes, we have used yeast as an expression system to test whether a plant LKR/SDH also possesses bi-directional LKR and SDH activities, similar to the yeast enzymes. The Arabidopsis enzyme complemented a yeast SDH, but not LKR, null mutant. Identical results were obtained when deletion mutants encoding only the LKR or SDH domains of this bifunctional polypeptide were expressed individually in the yeast cells. Moreover, activity assays showed that the Arabidopsis LKR possessed catabolic, but not anabolic, activity, and its uni-directional activity stems from its structure rather than its linkage to SDH. Our results suggest that the uni-directional activity of LKR plays an important role in regulating the catabolic function of the alpha-amino adipic acid pathway in plants.
Decreased cardiac L-type Ca2+ channel activity induces hypertrophy and heart failure in mice (2011)

Antagonists of L-type Ca²⁺ channels (LTCCs) have been used to treat human cardiovascular diseases for decades. However, these inhibitors can have untoward effects in patients with heart failure, and their overall therapeutic profile remains nebulous given differential effects in the vasculature when compared with those in cardiomyocytes. To investigate this issue, we examined mice heterozygous for the gene encoding the pore-forming subunit of LTCC (calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, α1C subunit [Cacna1c mice; referred to herein as α1C⁻/⁺ mice]) and mice in which this gene was loxP targeted to achieve graded heart-specific gene deletion (termed herein α1C-loxP mice). Adult cardiomyocytes from the hearts of α1C⁻/⁺ mice at 10 weeks of age showed a decrease in LTCC current and a modest decrease in cardiac function, which we initially hypothesized would be cardioprotective. However, α1C⁻/⁺ mice subjected to pressure overload stimulation, isoproterenol infusion, and swimming showed greater cardiac hypertrophy, greater reductions in ventricular performance, and greater ventricular dilation than α1C⁺/⁺ controls. The same detrimental effects were observed in α1C-loxP animals with a cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of one allele. More severe reductions in α1C protein levels with combinatorial deleted alleles produced spontaneous cardiac hypertrophy before 3 months of age, with early adulthood lethality. Mechanistically, our data suggest that a reduction in LTCC current leads to neuroendocrine stress, with sensitized and leaky sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ release as a compensatory mechanism to preserve contractility. This state results in calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells signaling that promotes hypertrophy and disease.