gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An analysis of cloud computing security issues (2012)

Cloud computing is a whole new paradigm that offers a non-traditional computing model for organizations to adopt Information Technology and related functions and aspects without upfront investment and with lower Total Cost of Ownership (TCO). Cloud computing opens doors to multiple, unlimited venues from elastic computing to on demand provisioning to dynamic storage and computing requirement fulfillment. However, despite the potential gains achieved from the cloud computing, the security of an open-ended and rather freely accessible resource is still questionable which impacts the cloud adoption. The security problem becomes amplified under the cloud model as new dimensions enter into the problem scope related to the architecture, multi-tenancy, layer dependency, and elasticity. This paper introduces a detailed analysis of the cloud security problem. It investigates the problem of security from the cloud architecture perspective, the cloud characteristics perspective, cloud delivery model perspective, and the cloud stakeholder perspective. The paper investigates some of the key research challenges of implementing cloud-aware security solutions which can plausibly secure the ever-changing and dynamic cloud model. Based on this analysis it presents a derived detailed specification of the cloud security problem and key features that should be covered by any proposed security solution for cloud computing.
Interactive 3D video streaming [Guest Editorial] (2013)

Streaming of single-view video is now commonplace, so we expect to access any video content anywhere on any device. The delivery of 3D video streams, however, brings new technical challenges along with the promise of adding visual realism to the 3D scene by enhancing the perception of depth. The term "3D video" encompasses different types of video: · Stereoscopic video, with two slightly shifted video views for the observer's left and right eyes · Multiview video, where more than two video views are encoded for either an advanced multiview display terminal, or interactive applications where an observer can freely select any of the captured views for observation · Free viewpoint video, where geometric information of the 3D scene (e.g., depth maps) are transmitted along with multiview videos so that novel images can be synthesized at virtual viewpoints via depth-image-based rendering (DIBR)
Towards Automatic Synthesis of Hardware-Specific Code in Component-Based Embedded Systems (2012)

Most component models currently in use do not try to provide extensive support for dealing with hardware devices like sensors and actuator. Lack of such support means that software components and subsystems often include device- and platform-specific code, limiting our ability to reuse them and forcing us to deal with specifics of underlying hardware in high-level software models. In this paper we propose a solution that would enable automatic generation of device-specific code. We remove device- and platform-specific code outside of software components and specifying it as reusable units. Based on a system model we then generate glue-code that binds this reusable units of code to each other and to the software components, resulting in a system-specific solution.
Structure and Biology of Proteoglycans (1988)

Cells organize many of their biochemical reactions in non-membrane compartments. Recent evidence has shown that many of these compartments are liquids that form by phase separation from the cytoplasm. Here we discuss the basic physical concepts necessary ...Read More
Influence Maximization in the Field: The Arduous Journey from Emerging to Deployed Application (2017)

This paper focuses on a topic that is insufficiently addressed in the literature, i.e., challenges faced in transitioning agents from an emerging phase in the lab, to a deployed application in the field. Specifically, we focus on challenges faced in transitioning HEALER and DOSIM, two agents for social influence maximization, which assist service providers in maximizing HIV awareness in real-world homeless-youth social networks. These agents recommend key seed nodes in social networks, i.e., homeless youth who would maximize HIV awareness in their real-world social network. While prior research on these agents published promising simulation results from the lab, this paper illustrates that transitioning these agents from the lab into the real-world is not straightforward, and outlines three major lessons. First, it is important to conduct real-world pilot tests; indeed, due to the health-critical nature of the domain and complex influence spread models used by these agents, it is important to conduct field tests to ensure the real-world usability and effectiveness of these agents. We present results from three real-world pilot studies, involving 173 homeless youth in an American city. These are the first such pilot studies which provide head-to-head comparison of different agents for social influence maximization, including a comparison with a baseline approach. Second, we present analyses of these real-world results, illustrating the strengths and weaknesses of different influence maximization approaches we compare. Third, we present research and deployment challenges revealed in conducting these pilot tests, and propose solutions to address them. These challenges and proposed solutions are instructive in assisting the transition of agents focused on social influence maximization from the emerging to the deployed application phase.
High-Cycle-Life Lithium Cell (1985)

Lithium-anode electrochemical cell offers increased number of charge/ discharge cycles. Cell uses components selected for compatibility with electrolyte solvent: These materials are wettable and chemically stable. Low vapor pressure and high electrochemical stability of solvent improve cell packaging, handling, and safety. Cell operates at modest temperatures - less than 100 degrees C - and is well suited to automotive, communications, and other applications.
Selfing results in inbreeding depression of growth but not of gas exchange of surviving adult black spruce trees (2003)

In most tree species, inbreeding greatly reduces seed production, seed viability, survival and growth. In a previous large-scale quantitative analysis of a black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) diallel experiment, selfing had large deleterious effects on growth but no impact on stable carbon isotope discrimination (an indirect measure of the ratio of net photosynthesis (A) to stomatal conductance (gwv)). It was hypothesized that selfing has no effect on carbon (C) fixation at the leaf level but impairs subsequent utilization of C. Alternatively, A and gwv may be impacted by selfing to the same extent. However, no gas exchange data were collected to test these hypotheses. We have now obtained photosynthetic gas exchange data from three selfed families and three outcrossed families (all the result of controlled pollination) from the same diallel experiment. Photosynthetic responses to intercellular CO2 concentration (A-Ci curves) were generated on four replicates per family, one block per day, over a 4-day period in July. There were no differences between selfed and outcrossed families in maximum carboxylation rate, maximum electron transport, A or gwv (both estimated at 370 ppm CO2), or the ratio A/gwv. Because selfed trees had higher mortality than outcrossed trees during the experiment, we cannot exclude the possibility that previously living selfed progeny had low A. Nevertheless, the data indicate that inbreeding can result in trees that have low productivity despite high A, supporting our hypothesis that gas exchange is similar between selfed and outcrossed progeny trees. We conclude that utilization of fixed C is modified in the surviving selfed progeny.
Design considerations for simple gas dosers in surface science applications (1985)

The flux distributions and enhancement factors for various gas doser designs typically used in surface science applications and chemisorption studies have been calculated and compared. The following conclusions, which will aid the experimentalist in the choice of doser design, can be made. (1) The enhancement factor expected for a given doser can easily be derived from Fig. 2. (2) The optimum doser design is a multichannel array with a radius slightly larger than that of the sample, and a distance from the sample &amp;lt; 10% of the sample diameter. (Complications of this design are discussed.) (3) Because of space requirements, the sample–doser distance must sometime be ≥40% of the sample diameter, in which cases it is better to use a cosine emitter. A good, very simple doser design is described that consists of a small cosine emitter with a sample–doser distance of 1/2 the sample diameter. This provides an enhancement factor &amp;gt;50% of the optimum theoretical enhancement, with only slight (±15%) flux gradients. (4) For a given doser distance, a needle doser provides the largest enhancement factor, but always has a very strong gradient in flux across the sample.
A Novel Camera-Free Eye Tracking Sensor for Augmented Reality Based on Laser Scanning (2020)

Next generation AR glasses require a highly integrated, high-resolution near-eye display technique such as focus-free retinal projection to enhance usability. Combined with low-power eye-tracking, such glasses enable better user experience and performance. We propose a novel and robust low-power eye-tracking sensor for integration into retinal projection systems. In our approach, a MEMS micro mirror scans an IR laser beam over the eye region and the scattered light is received by a photodiode. The advantages of our approach over typical VOG systems are its high integration capability and low-power consumption, which qualify our approach for next generation AR glasses. Here, we present a mathematical framework to estimate the achievable gaze angle resolution of our approach. We further show the viability of the proposed eye-tracking sensor based on a laboratory setup and discuss power consumption and gaze angle resolution compared to typical eye-tracking techniques.
[Hepatitis C]. (1995)

Hepatitis C is usually poorly symptomatic, particularly in the acute phase. After an incubation period ranging from 5 to 12 weeks, the symptoms are nonspecific and icterus is rarely present. Laboratory results are more suggestive, showing characteristic fluctuations in transaminases comprising periods with normal values. Chronic hepatitis is probable when elevation of transaminases persists for more than 6 months. Chronic virus C hepatitis is usually asymptomatic. Clinical manifestations are poorly specific and transaminase concentrations are generally little increased and variable in over 75% of the cases. Some histological lesions are more often observed in the chronic stage, particularly steatosis, presence of intraportal lymphoid nodules and bile duct involvement. The natural history is dominated by the risk of development to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. A course to chronic hepatitis C is observed in 20 to 70% of cases, while the risk of developing cirrhosis is between 10 and 38% within approximately 20 years. Prognosis is then linked to decompensation of cirrhosis and especially to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, within approximately 10 years after appearance of cirrhosis, with a prevalence of at least 20%. The association of other factors such a hepatitis B virus or alcohol can accelerate this course.
Chemical reactivity in monolayers: study of an amphiphilic tetrapyridinoporphyrazine in Langmuir-Blodgett films (1986)

International audience
Detection of molecular residual disease (MRD) for cancer management: Lessons from longitudinal profiling of NSCLC patients undergoing chemotherapy or targeted therapy. (2022)

e15020 Background: Identification of cancer patients who are at ongoing risk of relapse remains of high priority to direct effective adjuvant therapy. Plasma circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) analyses offer an unprecedented approach to identify patients with molecular residual disease (MRD) earlier than clinical or radiological evidence, detecting drug resistance, progression and relapse with relatively high sensitivity and specificity. Here we used longitudinal surveillance to profile cfDNA mutational landscape undergoing chemotherapy or EGFR-TKI. We demonstrated how cutting-edge NGS and digital qPCR technologies are defining new subgroups of patients with MRD for individually tailored treatment strategy. Methods: Plasma samples were collected from 8 subjects with lung adenocarcinoma, 5 patients were treated with EGFR-TKI and 3 cases by chemotherapy. Overall, 92 longitudinally collected specimens (duration of 31-143 weeks) were analyzed with a 520-gene ultra-deep NGS platform as well as a digital qPCR assay. Standard-of-care tests of CEA, CA19-9 biomarkers and CT radiography were also performed in parallel. Results: The number of somatic mutations detected ranging from 0 to 52 in a sample and correlated strongly with TMB (tumor mutational burden). The concordance of actionable EGFR mutations (L858R, T790M, Ex19Del) detected by NGS and digital qPCR assays was 100% (n = 49/49). NGS assay detected additional driver mutations in ∼20 non-EGFR genes. Majority of EGFR mutations showed directional decline in allelic fraction (AF) after treatment with EGFR-TKI. Patient progressed following EGFR-TKI were registered to undergo chemotherapy based on real-time mutational profiles and did show good responses and PFS. Longitudinal ultra-deep NGS analyses can help detect and stratify MRD, including non-druggable genetic information that could guide best clinical decision-making. Conclusions: Longitudinal ctDNA surveillance of patients treated with EGFR-TKI by a highly sensitive multi-gene NGS panel enables MRD monitoring and can potentially guide a selection of optimal adjuvant therapies earlier, and provide new surrogate endpoints for early registration of these therapies.
Malignant perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) of the uterus with late renal and pulmonary metastases: a case report with review of the literature (2007)

The findings indicate that despite the small number of reported cases, PEComas-NOS should be considered tumors of uncertain malignant potential, and metastases to other organs might become evident even several years after the primary diagnosis.
Block copolymers based on 2‐vinyl‐4,4‐dimethyl‐5‐oxazolone by RAFT polymerization: Experimental and computational studies (2010)

Abstract The ability of 2‐vinyl‐4,4‐dimethyl‐5‐oxazolone (VDM), a highly reactive functional monomer, to produce block copolymers by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) sequential polymerization with methyl acrylate (MA), styrene (S), and methyl methacrylate (MMA) was investigated using cumyl dithiobenzoate (CDB) and 2‐cyanoisopropyl dithiobenzoate (CPDB) as chain transfer agents. The results show that PS‐ b ‐PVDM and PMA‐ b ‐PVDM well‐defined block copolymers can be prepared either by polymerization of VDM from PS‐ and PMA‐macroCTAs, respectively, or polymerization of S and MA from a PVDM‐macroCTA. In contrast, PMMA‐ b ‐PVDM block copolymers with controlled molecular weight and low polydispersity can only be obtained by using PMMA as the macroCTA. Ab initio calculations confirm the experimental studies. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Stability analysis of the active control of self-sustained pressure fluctuations due to flow over a cavity (2005)

The addressed problem is to actively control the self-sustained pressure fluctuations due to low Mach number turbulent flow (M&amp;lt;0.1) over a large, shallow cavity in a wing-shaped model. For the studied configuration, the sound pressure is generated by the unstability of the mixing layer [L. Chatellier, J. Laumonier, and Y. Gervais, ‘‘Theoretical and experimental investigations of low Mach number turbulent cavity flows,’’ Exp. Fluids 36, 728–740 (2004)]. An original active device, a vibrating surface located at the trailing edge, and an adjustable narrow-band controller are used to control the self-oscillation: to synchronize and amplify it in open loop, and to attenuate it in closed loop. Experimental data were obtained in the test section of an Eiffel-type wind tunnel. For a free stream at 31 m/s, the SPL measured at 397 Hz in the cavity is attenuated from 118 dB to the ground level at 105 dB with the active control. A complete analysis of the system based on the describing function analysis is presented. The experimental results favorably compare with the prediction of the model; moreover, they allows identification of some parameters, such as the equivalent volume velocity of the unstable mixing layer and its coupling gain with the pressure fluctuation.
The Use of the Macrocyclic Chelator DOTA in Radiochemical Separations (2019)

Radiometals play an important role in the diagnosis of physiological processes in vivo by means of imaging technologies, but also increasingly contribute to the treatment of diseases. The by far dominant way to apply the advantages of nuclear transformations of radiometals is the use of radiometal‐ligand complexes. In this context, it turns out that DOTA (and its derivatives) currently is the most potent chelator. This article reviews the physico‐chemical properties of DOTA and its [*M(DOTA)] – complexes, which made the DOTA moiety the dominant chelator for theranostics in radiopharmaceutical chemistry and nuclear medicine. Interestingly, and beyond nuclear medicine applications, the physico‐chemical properties of [*M(DOTA)] complexes open access to unique radiochemical separation strategies, which for decades appeared to be impossible not only within conventional chemistry, but also within modern radiochemistry. We will discuss three groups of such separations: i ) the radiochemical separation of two chemically very similar elements such as two neighbor lanthanides, ii ) the radiochemical separation of two isotopes of the same element, and even iii ) the radiochemical separation of two nuclear levels of one and the same isotope.
Welfare of cattle during killing for purposes other than slaughter (2020)

Cattle of different ages may have to be killed on farm for purposes other than slaughter (the latter being defined as killing for human consumption) either individually or on a large scale, e.g. for economic reasons or for disease control. The purpose of this scientific opinion is to assess the risks associated with the on-farm killing of cattle. The processes during on-farm killing that were assessed included handling and moving, stunning and/or killing methods (including restraint). The killing methods were grouped into mechanical and electrical methods as well as lethal injection. In total, 21 hazards compromising animal welfare were identified and characterised, most of these related to stunning and/or killing. Staff was identified as an origin for all hazards, either due to lack of appropriate skills needed to perform tasks or due to fatigue. Possible preventive and corrective measures were assessed: measures to correct hazards were identified for 19 hazards, and the staff was shown to have a crucial role in prevention. Three welfare consequences of hazards to which cattle can be exposed during on-farm killing were identified: impeded movement, pain and fear. The welfare consequences and relevant animal-based measures related to these were described. Outcome tables linking hazards, welfare consequences, animal-based measures, origins of the hazards, preventive and corrective measures were developed for each process. Mitigation measures to minimise the welfare consequences are proposed.
3941 Helicopter Takeoff and Landing Control using Force Sensor (2005)

This paper introduces a helicopter takeoff and landing control system design process. The used control system consists of a small toy helicopter for indoor flights, a flight base with focre sensor, and a helicopter control terminal which is connected to a RT-Linux computer system. This paper presents our first step related to automatic controlled helicopter using the force sensor system for takeoff and landing.
Spectral Methods in Fluid Dynamics (1987)

Spectral Methods in Fluid Dynamics, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/fluid/19/1/annurev.fl.19.010187.002011-1.gif
Effect of the STAT3 inhibitor STX-0119 on the proliferation of cancer stem-like cells derived from recurrent glioblastoma (2013)

Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3, a member of a family of DNA-binding molecules, is a potential target in the treatment of cancer. The highly phosphorylated STAT3 in cancer cells contributes to numerous physiological and oncogenic signaling pathways. Furthermore, a significant association between STAT3 signaling and glioblastoma multiforme stem-like cell (GBM-SC) development and maintenance has been demonstrated in recent studies. Previously, we reported a novel small molecule inhibitor of STAT3 dimerization, STX-0119, as a cancer therapeutic. In the present study, we focused on cancer stem-like cells derived from recurrent GBM patients and investigated the efficacy of STX-0119. Three GBM stem cell lines showed many stem cell markers such as CD133, EGFR, Nanog, Olig2, nestin and Yamanaka factors (c-myc, KLF4, Oct3/4 and SOX2) compared with parental cell lines. These cell lines also formed tumors in vivo and had similar histological to surgically resected tumors. STAT3 phosphorylation was activated more in the GBM-SC lines than serum-derived GB cell lines. The growth inhibitory effect of STX-0119 on GBM-SCs was moderate (IC50 15-44 µM) and stronger compared to that of WP1066 in two cell lines. On the other hand, the effect of temozolomide was weak in all the cell lines (IC50 53-226 µM). Notably, STX-0119 demonstrated strong inhibition of the expression of STAT3 target genes (c-myc, survivin, cyclin D1, HIF-1α and VEGF) and stem cell-associated genes (CD44, Nanog, nestin and CD133) as well as the induction of apoptosis in one stem-like cell line. Interestingly, VEGFR2 mRNA was also remarkably inhibited by STX-0119. In a model using transplantable stem-like cell lines in vivo GB-SCC010 and 026, STX-0119 inhibited the growth of GBM-SCs at 80 mg/kg. STX-0119, an inhibitor of STAT3, may serve as a novel therapeutic compound against GBM-SCs even in temozolomide-resistant GBM patients and has the potential for GBM-SC-specific therapeutics in combination with temozolomide plus radiation therapy.
Measured Activity in 860 MHz Channels (2020)

This work investigates the channel activity in the European license free 863–870 MHz band via measurements in 7 widely different urban and sub-urban areas. The data is analyzed in 8 different sub-bands. The measured 1 ms sweeps are used to characterize the random activity, where the estimated complementary cumulative distribution functions (CCDFs) are found to be highly dependent on both location and sub-band. In addition, the probability of observing an unused channel for varying lengths of time is estimated.