gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract B33: A novel isoform of the major 8p22 tumor suppressor Deleted in Liver Cancer 1 (DLC1) gene with growth suppression function is frequently silenced epigenetically in multiple tumors (2010)

Abstract Aberrant DNA methylation of Tumor Suppressor Gene (TSG) promoter regions, in addition to being a hallmark of cellular transformation, could provide potential tumor markers for early detection and monitoring of treatment effect. In a previous study to identify candidate TSGs relevant in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC), our group identified the Deleted in Liver Cancer 1 (DLC1) gene to be epigenetically silenced not just in NPC, but in esophageal, breast and cervical carcinomas also. In this study, we report the cloning and characterization of a novel isoform of the human DLC1 gene with growth suppression function transcribing from a functional alternative promoter and silenced epigenetically in multiple tumors. Designated as DLC1 isoform 4 (DLC1-i4), this novel isoform encodes a protein of 1125 amino acids with a distinct N-terminus as compared to the other known isoforms. DLC1-i4 was expressed ubiquitously in normal tissues and immortalized normal epithelial cells, but significantly down-regulated in multiple tumor cell lines. Promoter DNA methylation was further found in 6/16 (38%) esophageal, 3/4 (75%) cervical, 2/2 (100%) colorectal, 4/4 (100%) NPC cell lines, and in 37/39 (95%) and 12/31 (39%) of primary NPC and esophageal tumors respectively. In contrast, no DNA methylation was found in normal cell lines and tissues. Pharmacological treatment with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine or genetic double knock-out of DNMT1 and DNMT3B could demethylate the DLC1-i4 promoter and activate transcription, indicating a direct epigenetic mechanism. Ectopic expression of DLC1-i4 had a strong inhibitory effect on the growth and colony formation ability of silenced tumor cell lines. As a whole, our results suggest that transcription of multiple DLC1 isoforms driven off alternative promoters could modulate the activity of the candidate tumor suppressor DLC1 protein in the pathogenesis of these tumors, and should be further tested as a tumor specific molecular biomarker. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(7 Suppl):B33
Effect of normal aging on functional connectivity of the brain: an EEG study (2003)

Abstract Background: Cognitive decline associated with normal aging, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are, in theory, reflected in the disturbance of selective neural networks. Methods: The effect of aging on the functional connectivity of multiple areas of the brain was investigated by using relative power contribution (RPC) analysis of alpha activity. Electroencephalograms were recorded from eight channels in 38 healthy elderly subjects aged 50–89 years and in 22 control subjects aged 20–29 years. Results: Entropy of the RPC of alpha activity, indicating the amount of dependence in each area, showed a significant decrease in the left temporo‐occipital area in 50–80‐year‐old subjects and in the right inferior frontal area in 70–80‐year‐old subjects. Conclusions: A metabolic decrease in these areas is also reported in patients with AD or MCI. The results from this study suggest that the normal aging process and pathological processes may exhibit a partially common pattern of neural degeneration. However, further studies are required using a larger sample size and strict discrimination between normal aging and MCI.
Predetermined Helical Chirality in Octahedral Complexes with a Novel Pentadentate C2‐Symmetrical Chiral Bis(oxazoline) Ligand (2004)

Abstract The first example of the pentadentate bis(oxazolines) has been synthesized using a modular approach that readily provides access to this ligand class. This ligand allows the controlled transfer of carbon‐centered to octahedral, metal‐centered chirality, as demonstrated both in the solid state as well as in solution. The characteristic CD band has been identified for dicationic, octahedral transition metal complexes with the Δ 2 ‐configuration.
The Biodiversity Paradigm Shift: Adapting the Endangered Species Act to Climate Change (2016)

The Endangered Species Act (ESA) was designed to protect species that had been rendered more vulnerable to extinction as a result of human activity. As such, its implementation has traditionally focused on keeping human beings away from such species and giving the species (and their ecosystems) space to heal on their own. Climate change is altering the landscape everywhere on the globe, rendering the hands-off approach no longer sufficient. Active interventions will become more necessary as we get further into the changing climate. Taking decisive action in response to climate change will also require a fundamental shift in our approach to nature, in which we leave behind the static preservationist view and accept that change is happening so that we can manage that change. Making the move from passive management (the hands-off approach, focused on prohibiting certain actions) to proactive management techniques will require some triage, which is impossible without this psychological shift. Climate change is resulting in widespread disturbances to ecological functioning, regardless of whether human beings have set foot in a given area, and we can no longer apply a static approach to a dynamic world. Rather than cling to a goal of reducing human interaction with nature, we must focus on the goal of increasing species resilience to change – these goals have coincided in the past, but this is lessening with each warming year. This Article will review the impacts of climate change on biodiversity and the sort of management approaches that will become more appropriate in the Anthropocene, an era characterized by rapid non-linear change and multi-scale tipping points. Dealing with climate change requires effort both to mitigate (reduce anthropogenic greenhouse gasses) and adapt, so the Article will discuss the relationship between the ESA and both mitigation (which is not an ideal area for ESA application) and adaptation (where the most work is needed). While there are several provisions in the ESA that will prove useful to supporting the new strategies for species and ecosystem management, utilizing them properly will require a shift in implementation priorities and greater acceptance of the demise of what once was. Moreover, because the existing potential for applying ESA measures to support more active management techniques is both inadequate and voluntary, it will be worthwhile to build these new modalities into the statute itself in order to maximize the potential for species climate adaptation. I propose several changes to the ESA – amendments designed to bring what is rapidly becoming a rusty old statute into the new world we must manage today.
Temoporfin-in-Cyclodextrin-in-Liposome—A New Approach for Anticancer Drug Delivery: The Optimization of Composition (2018)

The main goal of this study was to use hybrid delivery system for effective transportation of temoporfin (<i>meta</i>-tetrakis(3-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin, mTHPC) to target tissue. We suggested to couple two independent delivery systems (liposomes and inclusion complexes) to achieve drug-in-cyclodextrin-in-liposome (DCL) nanoconstructs. We further optimized the composition of DCLs, aiming to alter in a more favorable way a distribution of temoporfin in tumor tissue. We have prepared DCLs with different compositions varying the concentration of mTHPC and the type of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivatives (Hydroxypropyl-, Methyl- and Trimethyl-β-CD). DCLs were prepared by thin-hydration technique and mTHPC/β-CD complexes were added at hydration step. The size was about 135 nm with the surface charge of (-38 mV). We have demonstrated that DCLs are stable and almost all mTHPC is bound to β-CDs in the inner aqueous liposome core. Among all tested DCLs, trimethyl-β-CD-based DCL demonstrated a homogenous accumulation of mTHPC across tumor spheroid volume, thus supposing optimal mTHPC distribution.
Production of enzymes and siderophores by epiphytic bacteria isolated from the marine macroalga Ulva lactuca (2018)

Macroalgae provide important habitats for microorganisms, with surfaces that are rich in nutrients and a microbial niche for isolation of different bacterial groups. In this study, we evaluated the production of enzymes (amylases, lipases, cellulases and agarases) and siderophores by strains isolated from the macroalga Ulva lactuca growing in the Santa Marta region of the Colombian Caribbean Sea. We taxonomically identified a subset of the bacteria and tested 207 bacterial isolates. Of these, 25 (12%) and 121 (58%) produced agarases and siderophores, respectively. Out of the isolated bacteria with amylolytic (97), cellulolytic (118) and lipolytic (26) activity, 31 (32%), 78 (66%) and 4 (15%) strains, respectively, produced a zone of clearance >1.5 cm, indicating substantial activity. Enzymatic activities and siderophore production were statistically different between years of sampling, and principal component analysis showed grouping for samples from the same year. These activities and production were recorded in bacterial strains belonging to the genera Vibrio, Pseudomonas and Bacillus. The results show that marine bacterial cultures isolated from the macroalga U. lactuca are a source of enzymes and siderophores that may have potential for biotechnological and industrial processes.
A Functional Chromatin Domain Does Not Resist X Chromosome Inactivation: Silencing of cLys Correlates with Methylation of a Dual Promoter-Replication Origin (2002)

To investigate the molecular mechanism(s) involved in the propagation and maintenance of X chromosome inactivation (XCI), the 21.4-kb chicken lysozyme (cLys) chromatin domain was inserted into the Hprt locus on the mouse X chromosome. The inserted fragment includes flanking matrix attachment regions (MARs), an origin of bidirectional replication (OBR), and all the cis-regulatory elements required for correct tissue-specific expression of cLys. It also contains a recently identified and widely expressed second gene, cGas41. The cLys domain is known to function as an autonomous unit resistant to chromosomal position effects, as evidenced by numerous transgenic mouse lines showing copy-number-dependent and development-specific expression of cLys in the myeloid lineage. We asked the questions whether this functional chromatin domain was resistant to XCI and whether the X inactivation signal could spread across an extended region of avian DNA. A generally useful method was devised to generate pure populations of macrophages with the transgene either on the active (Xa) or the inactive (Xi) chromosome. We found that (i) cLys and cGas41 are expressed normally from the Xa; (ii) the cLys chromatin domain, even when bracketed by MARs, is not resistant to XCI; (iii) transcription factors are excluded from lysozyme enhancers on the Xi; and (iv) inactivation correlates with methylation of a CpG island that is both an OBR and a promoter of the cGas41 gene.
Effects of the element separation on the noise performance of receiving antenna arrays (2007)

Antenna arrays of closely separated elements can be used to achieve a large field of view of a radio telescope with highly efficient multiple beams. However, due to strong mutual coupling effects which exist in such dense arrays, the receiver noise can degrade. To reduce this noise degradation, the optimal noise match condition should be satisfied for all scan angles. This paper presents results of the noise performance analysis of small arrays of dipoles that were obtained for several element separation distances covering both conventional and dense arrays. The receiver noise temperatures are calculated for different noise match situations and the minimum noise temperature conditions are discussed.
Tuning a single-MTJ two-axis magnetometer: application of the Stoner-Wohlfarth model (2004)

International audience
Refinement types for Haskell (2014)

SMT-based checking of refinement types for call-by-value languages is a well-studied subject. Unfortunately, the classical translation of refinement types to verification conditions is unsound under lazy evaluation. When checking an expression, such systems implicitly assume that all the free variables in the expression are bound to values . This property is trivially guaranteed by eager, but does not hold under lazy, evaluation. Thus, to be sound and precise, a refinement type system for Haskell and the corresponding verification conditions must take into account which subset of binders actually reduces to values. We present a stratified type system that labels binders as potentially diverging or not, and that (circularly) uses refinement types to verify the labeling. We have implemented our system in L IQUID H ASKELL and present an experimental evaluation of our approach on more than 10,000 lines of widely used Haskell libraries. We show that L IQUID H ASKELL is able to prove 96% of all recursive functions terminating, while requiring a modest 1.7 lines of termination-annotations per 100 lines of code.
Elastin and collagen accumulation in rabbit ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk during postnatal growth. Correlation of cellular synthetic response with medial tension. (1977)

Absolute and relative quantities of elastin, collagen, and DNA in anatomically defined segments of rabbit ascending aorta (AA) and pulmonary trunk (PT) were compared at intervals from birth to 2 months of age. Identical in size, weight, and composition at birth, the vessels maintained similar lengths and diameters at each age but diverged markedly in weight and scleroprotein content after 1 week. By 2 months, 3 times as much elastin and 1.7 times as much collagen had accumulated in the AA as compared to the PT. By contrast, the increase in total DNA content was the same for both segments. Differences in total fibrous protein accumulation, total elastin accumulation, and elastin content relative to DNA paralleled differences in estimated total medial tangential tension. Proportions of elastin and collagen relative to dry weight increased markedly only between 4 and 2 weeks of age and not thereafter despite continuing rapid growth, steadily increasing medial tension, and increasing total scleroprotein content. Thus, medial cells were capable of adapting their quantitative scleroprotein synthetic response to differences in medial tension throughout growth but established a fixed qualitative response within 2 weeks.
The spectrum of ASIA: ‘Autoimmune (Auto-inflammatory) Syndrome induced by Adjuvants’ (2012)

Physicians are often puzzled by enigmatic medical conditions or the abrupt appearance of an immune-mediated disease. Such a story was recently presented to us by a young Sheikh. A Saudi Sheikh, who suffered at the age of 27 from joints pains, rash and serological evidence of antiRo antibodies, was diagnosed with probable systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) at that time. He was treated with Plaquenil for a year, but as no signs of SLE were apparent, treatment was stopped and he remained disease free for the next 12 years. At the age of 39 years, 2 weeks after immunization with the flu vaccine, his disease reemerged. This time he presented with severe arthritis and pericarditis, which required treatment with high doses of
Alcohol production from starch by mixed cultures of Aspergillus awamori and immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae at different agitation speeds (2002)

The influence of different agitation speeds on alcoholic fermentation by free and immobilized cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a co-culture with free cells of Aspergillus awamori was investigated. Starch hydrolysis and glucose, glucoamylase and alpha-amylase accumulation in the fermentation medium was affected by agitation speed. Maximum amounts of the enzymes were obtained at 150-200 rpm after 72 h where, maximum growth and glucose accumulations were noticed at 200-300 rpm. Alcohol production was stimulated by low agitation speed (50 rpm) and decreased at higher speeds. The results also showed that the amount of produced alcohol was affected by the time of yeast inoculation. When the inoculation of yeast was carried out after the growth of fungi for 72 h, the amounts of produced alcohol increased by 84, 75, 89 and 68% at 50, 100, 150 and 200 rpm, respectively than that produced when the two organisms were inoculated together at the beginning of the fermentation process. A batch culture of the two organisms produced about 2% (v/v) alcohol from 12% (w/v) corn starch in 72 h at 50 rpm. On the other hand, the immobilized yeast and suspended A. awamori produced more alcohol reaching 3.7% (v/v) at 200 rpm under the same cultivation conditions. The fermentation process was less affected by alginate and cell concentrations of the immobilized yeast. Repeated batch fermentation by co-culture of A. awamori and immobilized yeast cells were successfully used for 12 times without a significant loss in alcohol production.
CommCube 1 and 2: A CubeSat series of missions to enhance communication capabilities for CubeSat (2013)

CubeSats and small satellites are becoming a way to explore space and to perform science more affordably. As the goals for these spacecraft become more ambitious in terms of physical distance (moving from Low Earth Orbit (LEO) to Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) or further), and of the amount of data to relay back to Earth (from Kbits to Mbits), the communication systems currently implemented will not be able to fully support those missions. Two of the possible strategies to solve this issue are the following: 1. Increasing the time available to communicate to the ground by using existing satellite networks as communication relays. 2. Equipping the satellite with a more powerful antenna compatible with the volume and mass constraints imposed by CubeSats and small satellites.
Event Definition for the Application of Event Processing to Intelligent Resource Management (2011)

The application of event processing methods and systems carries high potential for the domain of crisis management and emergency response for different use cases and architectural aspects. This hypothesis is based on the general event based characteristics of the domain as well as former research approaches. Resource management represents a complex task for decision makers; therefore it is taken as a basic use case for this work. It builds up on foundations of resource management (use case and demand side) and event processing (technology and supply side). Methods and results are presented for the identification, definition and validation of events that happen in reality and corresponding event objects which are processed by information systems.
Effect of Extracts from Safflower Seeds on Osteoblastic Differentiation and Intracellular Free Calcium Concentration in MC3T3-El Cells (2005)

Very little research has been carried out on safflower seed for the prevention and treatment of the bone deficiency diseases, including osteoporosis, which are supported by scientific evidences. In the present study, of 0.1% dried crude extract or of 0.1% dried aqueous fraction were shown to significantly accelerate the rate of differentiation of osteoblast. Also, the crude extract and aqueous fraction increased the of the cultured osteoblast cells: of 0.1% dried crude extract and of 0.1% dried aqueous fraction significantly increased the of the cultured osteoblast cells () to the extent that it deserves a considerable attention. Furthermore, the crude extract and aqueous fraction increased the of the cultured osteoblast cells, and , specific calcium channel blocker, completely blocked the increase. Therefore, the increased of the cultured osteoblast cells by safflower seed component continued to activate calcium channel.
Application of Large Pore MCM-41 Molecular Sieves To Improve Pore Size Analysis Using Nitrogen Adsorption Measurements (1997)

MCM-41 siliceous molecular sieves were used to test the applicability of the Kelvin equation for nitrogen adsorption in cylindrical pores of the size from 2 to 6.5 nm. It was shown that the Kelvin equation for the hemispherical meniscus, corrected for the statistical film thickness, is in quite good agreement with an experimental relation between the pore size and the capillary condensation pressure. The agreement can be made quantitative in the pore size range from ca. 2 to 6.5 nm, if a simple correction to the Kelvin equation is introduced. The required statistical film thickness curve (t-curve) was calculated using nitrogen adsorption data for large pore MCM-41 samples and the obtained results were extrapolated using an adsorption isotherm for a macroporous silica gel. Moreover, an accurate analytical representation of the t-curve was found. Since both the corrected Kelvin equation for cylindrical pores and the t-curve have simple analytical forms, they can conveniently be used in a variety of methods to evaluate porosity. It was shown that the BJH method with the corrected Kelvin equation accurately reproduces pore sizes of MCM-41 materials. A comparison was made between the specific surface areas for the MCM-41 samples calculated on the basis of the BET equation and those obtained using other independent methods. The results strongly suggest that when nitrogen adsorption data are used, the BET method overestimates the specific surface area of siliceous materials. The latter conclusion was supported by the examination of the obtained statistical film thickness curve.
High-Power Transportable VLF Transmitter Facility (1982)

Abstract : A 100-kW, transportable, very-low-frequency (TVLF) transmitter facility has been used for magnetospheric wave-injection experiments from sites in Alaska, New Zealand and Norway. A unique feature of the TVLF facility is the antenna which is a conducting cable lofted to an altitude of 1000 m by a 1000 cu m3 helium balloon. The antenna is driven at its base as a monopole above a ground plane. The antenna cable also serves as the balloon tether. The lowest operating frequency in this configuration is 6.6 kHz at which the radiated power is 100 W. At the highest operating frequency used in the experiments, 21 kHz, the radiated power is 10 kW. In Norway power lines were used as antennas. The minimum operating frequency was then 1 kHz and the radiated power is estimated to be about 0.5 W. In this report we describe the components and performance of the TVLF as used for these magnetospheric experiments.
Combined Use of Texture Features and Morphological Classification Based on Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging: Differentiating Benign and Malignant Breast Masses with High Negative Predictive Value (2021)

We, therefore, suggest that the NPV of our texture-based features method described performs similarly to or greater than the NPV of the MRI category-based diagnosis.
ChemInform Abstract: Diterpenes from Euphorbia peplus. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Growth Arrest and Morphological Change of Human Breast Cancer Cells by Dibutyryl Cyclic AMP and L-Arginine (1981)

The growth in vitro of human breast cancer cells, line MCF-7, was inhibited by a daily supplement of L-arginine (1 milligram per milliliter). Arginine acted synergistically with dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) (10(-6) molar) to enhance the growth inhibitory effect: the cell replication ceased completely within 2 days after treatment. The growth arrest accompanied a change in cell morphology and was preceded by increases in the cellular concentration of cyclic AMP, adenylate cyclase, and type II cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activities as well as a decrease of estrogen binding activity. The results suggest that growth of human breast cancer cells is subject to cyclic AMP-mediated regulation and that arginine may play a specific role in this process.