gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Hydrogen Spillover on Carbon Surfaces Modified by Oxygen Plasma (2010)

Hydrogen storage capacity by hydrogen spillover on metal-doped carbons can be significantly enhanced by introducing surface oxygen functional groups to the carbon. It is shown that the enhancement is greater by oxygen plasma treatment compared to air oxidation because different surface groups were formed. Oxygen plasma treatment generated mainly semiquinone (C═O) groups while air oxidation formed mainly hydroxyl (C−OH) groups. Experimental heats of adsorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses, and ab initio molecular orbital calculations showed that the binding energies between the spiltover hydrogen and the different groups followed the following order: lactone > semiquinone > carboxyl > basal plane. Thus, the H2 storage capacity at 298 K and 10 MPa was increased from 1.17 wt % (without O2 treatment) to 1.74 wt % on Pt-doped on a templated carbon that was pretreated with O2 plasma. Similar enhancements were seen on Pt doped on a superactivated carbon, AX-21. However, there was a decrease in storage capacity during the first three adsorption−desorption cycles (at 298 K and 10 MPa). The capacity decreased from 1.74 wt % to 1.30 wt % and remained unchanged after three cycles. XPS results showed that this decrease was caused by the very strong (and irreversible) binding of the spiltover hydrogen with the lactone groups (HO−C═O). Nonetheless, the main groups of semiquinone remain functional as receptor sites upon cycling, and the 1.3 wt % storage capacity is among the highest reversible capacities reported in the literature.
Basis for chemical attack by active nitrogen on liquid methanol. Induction of molecular decomposition by recombination events (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBasis for chemical attack by active nitrogen on liquid methanol. Induction of molecular decomposition by recombination eventsVictoria Franchetti, Jon M. Brooks, and Norman N. LichtinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 20, 5926–5927Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00853a054https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00853a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views32Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Consumer Attitudes and Market Potential for Dairy Products Utilizing Fat Substitutes (1992)

Concern about the impact of diet on health has led consumers to reduce the consumption of foods perceived as being high in fat. This study quantifies consumer concern about dietary fat, identifies foods perceived as being high in fat, and explores attitudes toward, and interest in, purchasing dairy foods in which the fat has been reduced by a fat substitute.
SPECTROPHOTOMETRY OF THE CSF (CSF-SPE) AND COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY (CT) IN TRAUMATIC HEAD INJURIES (1979)

S OF ARTICLES ON COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FROM NON-RADIOLOGICAL JOURNALS: CLINICAL SCIENCE: PDF Only
Outcome of neonatal intensive care: obstetric implications for a regional service (1986)

Data from 634 newborn babies with birthweights less than or equal to 2000 g admitted to the South West Thames Regional Neonatal Unit in St George's Hospital since its opening in 1980 were analysed. Only 271 (43%) of the pregnancies were booked there; 200 (32%) of the babies were transferred in utero and 162 (26%) after delivery. Weight-specific neonatal survival rates, calculated after exclusion of lethal abnormalities showed that between 1001 and 1500 g, 79 (96%) of the 82 babies transferred in utero survived in 1981-1984, compared with only 57 (79%) of the 72 postnatal transfers (P less than 0.02). Under 1000 g, no such differences were found, possibly because paediatricians transferred only the fitter babies in this weight range. The birth of very-low-birthweight babies of short gestation in units unable to provide immediate resuscitation, adequate stabilization and full neonatal intensive care is a major risk factor for increased neonatal mortality. These findings support the role of regional perinatal centres as service units for antenatal transfer and neonatal intensive care, and as teaching centres.
Increasing the use of active surveillance for prostate cancer in younger men (2019)

It remains unclear what the optimum management strategy is for young men with low‐risk prostate cancer. The authors address the increasing role, safety, and acceptance of active surveillance as a management option for these younger patients.
A NEW SPECIES OF PLASMODIUM FROM MALAGASY VANGAS (2005)

During a recent examination of blood smears from Malagasy birds, a species of avian Plasmodium unlike those currently known was observed. All infected birds were members of the Vangidae, which is endemic to Madagascar and the Comoro Islands. Plasmodium parvulum n. sp. is described, and classified as a member of the subgenus Haemamoeba because of gametocyte and schizont shape, displacement of the host cell nucleus, as well as distortion of the host cell. Round, rosettelike schizonts with 6-8 merozoites, clumped refractile granules, and little cytoplasm were observed. Both schizonts and mature, round gametocytes rotated and displaced the erythrocyte nucleus. A brief comparison to P. relictum is included.
RDBMS to NoSQL: Reviewing Some Next-Generation Non-Relational Database's (2011)

s In the world of cloud computing, one essential ingredient is a database that can accommodate a very large number of users on an ondemand basis. Distributed storage mechanisms are becoming the de-facto method of data storage for the new generation of web applications used by companies like Google, Amazon, Facebook, Twitter, Salesforce.com, Linkedin.com and Yahoo! etc., which are processing large amount of data at a petabyte scale. The main limitations with RDBMS are it is hard to scale with Data warehousing, Grid, Web 2.0 and Cloud applications, non-linear query execution time, unstable query plans and static schema. Even though RDBMS have provided database users with the best mix of simplicity, robustness, flexibility, performance, scalability and compatibility still next generation NoSQL ( not only SQL ) databases mostly being non-relational, distributed, open-source and horizontally scalable. The main characteristics of these databases are schema-free, no join, non-relational, easy replication support, simple API and eventually consistent. The aim of this paper is to provide a better understand of the nonrelational database design, architecture and comparison between them and also identify important research directions in this increasingly
Simultaneous Object Detection and Segmentation by Boosting Local Shape Feature based Classifier (2007)

This paper proposes an approach to simultaneously detect and segment objects of a known category. Edgelet features are used to capture the local shape of the objects. For each feature a pair of base classifiers for detection and segmentation is built. The base segmentor is designed to predict the per-pixel figure-ground assignment around a neighborhood of the edgelet based on the feature response. The neighborhood is represented as an effective field which is determined by the shape of the edgelet. A boosting algorithm is used to learn the ensemble classifier with cascade decision strategy from the base classifier pool. The simultaneousness is achieved for both training and testing. The system is evaluated on a number of public image sets and compared with several previous methods.
Viscous Drift Forces on a Semi-Submersible in Combined Wave and Current (2018)

A time domain simulation tool is used to setup a numerical simulation model in which the wave loads of the potential flow are combined with the viscous drag force computed by the Morison equation. The drag coefficients in the Morison equation are determined to provide the best numerical results compared to model test data. The numerical simulations and analytic solutions have been used to examine the characteristics of mean viscous drift force on the semi-submersible for fixed condition. The results show that the mean viscous drift force is mainly produced by the column. The column is divided into splash zone and submerged zone because they give much different mean viscous drift force. In high waves, the splash zone leads to mean drift force much larger than the submerged zone for both wave-only and wave-current coexisting flow fields. The present results clearly show that the drag coefficients can be expressed as a function of the Keulegan-Carpenter number, especially for high waves. There is strong correlation between regular and irregular waves for both wave-only and wave-current coexisting flow fields. If current is present, the drag coefficient decreases significantly.
Evolution of the IS 6110- Based Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Pattern during the Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2002)

Interpretation of the molecular epidemiological data of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is dependent on the validity of the assumptions that have been made. It is assumed that the IS6110 banding pattern is sufficiently stable to define epidemiological events representing ongoing transmission. However, molecular epidemiological data also support the observation that the IS6110 banding pattern may change over time. Factors affecting this rate may include the nature and duration of disease in a host and the opportunity to experience different host environments during the transmission cycle. To estimate the rate of IS6110 change occurring during the process of transmission, M. tuberculosis isolates from epidemiologically linked patients were genotypically characterized by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The identification of IS6110 banding pattern changes during ongoing transmission suggested that a rate could be estimated. IS6110 change was significantly associated with strains with >5 IS6110 elements (P = 0.013) and was not observed in low-copy-number isolates. The minimum rate of appearance of variant strains was calculated to be 0.14 variant cases per source-case per year. This data suggest that clustering of isolates based on identical RFLP patterns is expected to underestimate transmission in patients infected with high-copy-number isolates. A model based on the rate of appearance of both variant and invariant strains demonstrates that the genotypically defined population structure may change by 18.6% during the study period of approximately 6.5 years. The implications for the use of RFLP data for epidemiologic study are discussed.
A commentary on: ‘Unexpected intron location in non‐vertebrate globin genes’, by: Moens et al. (FEBS Letters, 312 (1992) 105‐109) (FEBS 12294) (1993)

We are submitting this commentary in order to prevent the confusion which Moens et al. may provoke in the minds of readers. Our comments are intended to point out the exclusion of some major issues and some errors which may mislead readers of this paper.
Design principles for intelligent environments (1998)

This paper describes design criteria for creating highly embedded, interactive spaces that we call Intelligent Environments. The motivation for building these systems is to bring computation into the real, physical world to support what is traditionally considered non-computational activity. We describe an existing prototype space, known as the Intelligent Room, which was created to experiment with different forms of natural, multimodal human-computer interaction. We discuss design decisions encountered while creating the Intelligent Room and how the experiences gained during its use have shaped the creation of its successor. Content Areas: AI systems, user interfaces 1.Introduction This paper describes design criteria for creating highly embedded, interactive spaces that we call Intelligent Environments (IEs). The motivation for building IEs is to bring computation into the real, physical world. The goal is to allow computers to participate in activities that have never previously i...
Matrisome Properties of Scaffolds Direct Fibroblasts in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (2019)

In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) structural properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are altered and influence cellular responses through cell-matrix interactions. Scaffolds (decellularized tissue) derived from subpleural healthy and IPF lungs were examined regarding biomechanical properties and ECM composition of proteins (the matrisome). Scaffolds were repopulated with healthy fibroblasts cultured under static stretch with heavy isotope amino acids (SILAC), to examine newly synthesized proteins over time. IPF scaffolds were characterized by increased tissue density, stiffness, ultimate force, and differential expressions of matrisome proteins compared to healthy scaffolds. Collagens, proteoglycans, and ECM glycoproteins were increased in IPF scaffolds, however while specific basement membrane (BM) proteins such as laminins and collagen IV were decreased, nidogen-2 was also increased. Findings were confirmed with histology, clearly showing a disorganized BM. Fibroblasts produced scaffold-specific proteins mimicking preexisting scaffold composition, where 11 out of 20 BM proteins were differentially expressed, along with increased periostin and proteoglycans production. We demonstrate how matrisome changes affect fibroblast activity using novel approaches to study temporal differences, where IPF scaffolds support a disorganized BM and upregulation of disease-associated proteins. These matrix-directed cellular responses emphasize the IPF matrisome and specifically the BM components as important factors for disease progression.
Activated human umbilical cord blood dendritic cells kill tumor cells without damaging normal hematological progenitor cells (2005)

Apart from their role as antigen presenting cells, human peripheral blood monocyte and CD34+ cell-derived dendritic cells (DC), have been demonstrated to exert cytotoxicity against some tumor cells, and their tumoricidal activity can be enhanced by some stimili. However, there have been no reports concerning the tumoricidal activity of human cord blood dendritic cells (CBDC). In this article, we report that human cord blood monocyte-derived DC acquire the ability to kill hematological tumor cells, after activation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma), associated with the enhanced TNF-alpha-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) expression in CBDC cytoplasm. The CD14-positive cells collected from cord blood were induced to CBDC in vitro. After activation with IFN-gamma for 12 h, CBDC exhibited cytotoxicity against HL60 and Jurkat cells, while activation with LPS induced cytotoxicity against Daudi and Jurkat cells. However, both LPS- and IFN-gamma-stimulated CBDC showed no cytotoxic activity against normal CD14-negative cord blood mononuclear cells. The formation of umbilical cord hematopoietic progenitor colonies, identified as burst-forming unit-erythroid and colony-forming unit granulocyte-macrophage, was not inhibited by stimulated or unstimulated CBDC. IFN-gamma or LPS stimulation enhanced intracellular but not cellular surface TRAIL, and neither intracellular nor cellular surface tumor necrosing factor-alpha and Fas Ligand as analyzed by flow cytometry. Our results show that activated CBDC can serve as cytotoxic cells against hematological tumor cells without damaging the normal hematopoietic progenitor cells.
Characterization of electrodeposited chitosan: An interfacial layer for bio-assembly and sensing (2009)

Microfluidics and Lab-on-a-Chip devices have revolutionized the field of analytical biology. To fully optimize the potential of the microfluidic environment it is critical to be able to isolate reactions in specific locations within a channel. One solution is found using chitosan, an amine-rich biopolymer with pH responsive solubility. Induction of hydrolysis at patterned electrodes within the fluidic channel provides a means to spatially control the pH, thus enabling biochemical functionalization that is both spatially and temporally programmable. While chitosan electrodeposition has proven to be reliable at producing films, its growth characteristics are not well understood. In situ optical characterization methods of laser reflectivity, fluorescence microscopy and Raman spectroscopy have been employed to understand the growth rate inter diffusion and lateral resolution of the deposition process. These techniques have also been implemented in determining where a molecule bound to an amine site of the polymer is located within the film. Currently, electrodeposited chitosan films are primarily used for tethering of biomolecules in the recreation of metabolic pathways. Beyond just a biomolecular anchor, chitosan provides a way to incorporate inorganic nanoparticles. These composite structures enable site-specific sensors for the identification of small molecules, an important aspect to many Lab-on-a-Chip applications. New methods for creating spatially localized sites for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been developed. These methods have been optimized for particle density and SERS enhancement using TEM and Raman spectroscopy. Through optimization, a viable substrate with retained chitosan amine activity capable of integration into microfluidics has been developed.
The life history of an embryonic signaling center: BMP-4 induces p21 and is associated with apoptosis in the mouse tooth enamel knot (1998)

The enamel knot, a transient epithelial structure, appears at the onset of mammalian tooth shape development. Until now, the morphological, cellular and molecular events leading to the formation and disappearance of the enamel knot have not been described. Here we report that the cessation of cell proliferation in the enamel knot in mouse molar teeth is linked with the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. We show that p21 expression is induced by bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4) in isolated dental epithelia. As Bmp-4 is expressed only in the underlying dental mesenchyme at the onset of the enamel knot formation, these results support the role of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors as inducible cell differentiation factors in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Furthermore, we show that the expression of p21 in the enamel knot is followed by Bmp-4 expression, and subsequently by apoptosis of the differentiated enamel knot cells. Three-dimensional reconstructions of serial sections after in situ hybridization and Tunel-staining indicated an exact codistribution of Bmp-4 transcripts and apoptotic cells. Apoptosis was stimulated by BMP-4 in isolated dental epithelia, but only in one third of the explants. We conclude that Bmp-4 may be involved both in the induction of the epithelial enamel knot, as a mesenchymal inducer of epithelial cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, and later in the termination of the enamel knot signaling functions by participating in the regulation of programmed cell death. These results show that the life history of the enamel knot is intimately linked to the initiation of tooth shape development and support the role of the enamel knot as an embryonic signaling center.
CD8+ T cell clonotypes from prior SARS-CoV-2 infection predominate during the cellular immune response to mRNA vaccination (2023)

These data files contain bulk, TRB sequences obtained using the Adaptive Biotechnology v4b Immunoseq assay. Serial samples were obtained from blood from participants after COVID19 infection through primary and booster vaccination. Nasal swab samples for TRB sequencing were obtained after booster vaccination. Details related to each file are included in the metadata.txt file.
Diagnostic relevance of chromosomal in‐situ hybridization in Merkel cell carcinoma: targeted interphase cytogenetic tumour analyses (1999)

Had CISH been performed earlier, treatment may have been tailored specifically to suit MCC, since MCC and SCLC have different therapeutic strategies. Finally, chromosome X may be of prognostic relevance in MCC, which apparently predominates in females and yet shows poorer prognosis in males, and hence be worthy of further investigation.
Der(22)t(11;22) resulting from a paternal de novo translocation, adjacent 1 segregation, and maternal heterodisomy of chromosome 22. (1996)

The t(11;22) (q23;q11) translocation is the most frequently identified familial reciprocal translocation in humans. In translocation carriers, 3:1 meiotic segregation with tertiary trisomy can occur resulting in abnormal progeny with the der(22) as the supernumary chromosome. Affected children have a distinct phenotype with multiple anomalies and severe mental retardation. We have identified a child with developmental delay and multiple anomalies consistent with the der(22) phenotype. Cytogenetic analysis showed an abnormal chromosome complement of 47,XX,+der(22)t(11;22)(q23; q11) in all 50 cells analysed. FISH analysis using chromosome 11 and 22 painting probes showed a pattern consistent with a reciprocal translocation of the distal bands 11q23 and 22q11 respectively. Parental karyotypes were normal. RFLP analysis of locus D22S43, which maps above the t(11;22) breakpoint, showed that the der(22) was paternal in origin and indicated that the normal chromosomes 22 were the probable result of maternal heterodisomy. RFLP analysis of locus D22S94, which maps below the t(11;22) breakpoint, also suggested that both normal chromosomes 22 of the child represented the two maternal homologues. Non-paternity was excluded through the analysis of 10 microsatellite markers distributed on 10 different chromosomes and three VNTRs on three different chromosomes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a patient with an abnormal karyotype resulting from a de novo translocation in the paternal germline with probable unbalanced adjacent 1 segregation and maternal non-disjunction of chromosome 22 in meiosis I.
Foam enhancement by short‐chain hydrophobe alcohol ethoxylates in light‐duty liquids (1994)

Abstract This study examined linear alcohol ethoxylates as foam‐enhancing agents in light‐duty liquids. The ethoxylates were formulated as supplementary surfactants to an anionic main surfactant system. The relationship between ethoxylate structure and performance was elucidated, comparisons were made between ethoxylates and other recognized foam‐enhancing agents, and a representative light‐duty liquid formula was optimized. Performance evaluation focused on manual plate washing capacity but also included agitation foam volume, surface activity, cloud and clear temperatures, viscosity and grease cutting. Shortchain alcohol ethoxylates with a high degree of ethoxylation (such as C 8 with 70% or 7 moles of ethylene oxide) gave optimum performance that was comparable to or better than acknowledged foam‐enhancing agents. The substitution of an alcohol ethoxylate for a fatty acid ethanolamide in the test formulation resulted in substantially lower formulation viscosity.