gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Symbol-by-symbol based adaptive interferencecanceller for asynchronous DS/CDMA systems inmultipath fading channels (1997)

The authors propose a new interference cancellation scheme called the symbol-by-symbol based adaptive interference canceller (SAIC), which adaptively estimates and removes both multiple access interference (MAI) and intersymbol interference (ISI) at the output of the Rake receiver. The SAIC is considerably simpler to implement than existing techniques; computer simulation results demonstrate that it can perform much better than conventional Rake receivers.
VP8 Data Format and Decoding Guide (2011)

This document describes the VP8 compressed video data format, together
with a discussion of the decoding procedure for the format.
Efficient transfer hydrogenation of alkynes and alkenes with methanol catalysed by hydrido(methoxo)iridium(III) complexes (1999)

Hydrido(methoxo)iridium(III) complexes, [{Ir(H)(diphosphine)}2(µ-OMe)2(µ-Cl)]+Cl– [diphosphine = (R)-BINAP 2a or = 2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-biphenyl (BPBP) 2b] catalysed transfer hydrogenation of alkynes with methanol to give trans-alkenes selectively; plausible reaction pathways are also proposed.
Butyrate prevents valproate‐induced liver injury: In vitro and in vivo evidence (2019)

Sodium valproate (VPA), an antiepileptic drug, may cause dose- and time-dependent hepatotoxicity. However, its iatrogenic molecular mechanism and the rescue therapy are disregarded. Recently, it has been demonstrated that sodium butyrate (NaB) reduces hepatic steatosis, improving respiratory capacity and mitochondrial dysfunction in obese mice. Here, we investigated the protective effect of NaB in counteracting VPA-induced hepatotoxicity using in vitro and in vivo models. Human HepG2 cells and primary rat hepatocytes were exposed to high VPA concentration and treated with NaB. Mitochondrial function, lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress were evaluated, using Seahorse analyzer, spectrophotometric, and biochemical determinations. Liver protection by NaB was also evaluated in VPA-treated epileptic WAG/Rij rats, receiving NaB for 6 months. NaB prevented VPA toxicity, limiting cell oxidative and mitochondrial damage (ROS, malondialdehyde, SOD activity, mitochondrial bioenergetics), and restoring fatty acid oxidation (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α expression and carnitine palmitoyl-transferase activity) in HepG2 cells, primary hepatocytes, and isolated mitochondria. In vivo, NaB confirmed its activity normalizing hepatic biomarkers, fatty acid metabolism, and reducing inflammation and fibrosis induced by VPA. These data support the protective potential of NaB on VPA-induced liver injury, indicating it as valid therapeutic approach in counteracting this common side effect due to VPA chronic treatment.
Incoherent pattern detection using a liquid-crystal active lens (1996)

Incoherent pattern detection by a simple imaging system using a liquid-crystal active lens is proposed. The imaging system works as a spatial filtering system with a rewritable phase-only filter. We found that, in the incoherent matched filtering system, a conventional phase-only filter has a higher optical efficiency but a lower pattern discrimination than a complex filter. To improve the pattern discrimination ability, we optimized the phase-only filter by using simulated annealing and a genetic algorithm. We designed phase-only filters that have discrimination ability comparable with that in a complex filter. The performance of optimized phase-only filters is experimentally demonstrated.
Digital signal processor for digital multi-beam forming antenna in mobile communication (2002)

A digital signal processor (DSP) for a digital beam forming antenna (DBF antenna) in the L-band has been implemented using a field programmable gate array (FPGA). The DSP has 16 channel processors, where each processor calculates both I and Q data in one channel. The DSP provides multi-beam synthesis and beam selection for the DBF antenna, which has 16 element antennas.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
G0600-3-5 Evaluation of the temperature characteristics along a perpendicular flat board with multi-holes (2010)

The aim of this study is to evaluate the characteristics of the force heat transfer along a perpendicular heating board with multi-holses. The wall temperature and distribution of it near the wall were measured by using the multi-thermocouple. The local heat transfer coefficient along the multi holes board became larger than that of the flat board under the conditions both laminaer flow and turbulent flow. The temperature was recorded in the high resolution of the time. The responsibility at the time of the thermocouple was confirmed by performing the heat collision experiment. By analyzing FFT to the obtained temperature results, the characteristics of the frequency along the heating multi-holse board was confirmed.
Comparison of radioimmunoprecipitation versus antigen-specific assays for identification of myositis-specific autoantibodies in dermatomyositis patients (2014)

Although radioimmunoprecipitation still looks to be a good screening tool, confirmation with antigen-specific assays seems mandatory. The associations between anti-MDA5 and rapidly progressive ILD and between anti-TIF-1γ and cancer-associated DM were confirmed in Korean patients with DM.
Scalable parallel event-driven HDL simulation for multi-cores (2012)

Multi-core processors have become common in current computing platforms. Today, most of multi-core workstations and PCs have adopted NUMA (Non-Uniform Memory Access) advanced memory architecture for high performance and scalability. In response, EDA (Electronic Design Automation) community has applied significant effort to parallelize many EDA algorithms with some success. However, event-driven simulation of designs modeled in HDL (Hardware Description Language) has not achieved meaningful progress so far. This paper proposes a highly scalable parallel, event-driven HDL simulation method, based upon accurate stimulus prediction. The paper presents the basic idea of this approach and discusses why this new method is ideally positioned for achieving high parallelism with NUMA architecture.
Feature extraction by genetic algorithms for neural networks in breast cancer classification (2002)

In today's world, in which computerized recognition is expanding its horizons in the field of medicine, breast cancer classification is receiving wide attention. In this application, artificial neural networks have achieved reasonable recognition rates. However, to improve performance, a technique is needed to screen the features of the input data, to extract the important ones and suppress those that are irrelevant. Although neural networks do have this capability to some extent, here it is shown that by using a hybrid genetic algorithm and neural network (GANN), the feature extraction can be performed more effectively. Another advantage of augmenting NN training with a GA is that the extracted features using GA are explicit and perceivable. Although the authors evaluated the technique using breast cancer data, the methodology is designed to handle any other kind of classification task.
Robust beamforming with block diagonalisation for MIMO interference channels (2016)

The authors focus on robust beamforming design for multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) interference channels with imperfect channel state information (CSI) which is described as a bounded CSI error model. With all transmissions restricted to single data stream, the problem of maximising the minimum signal‐to‐inference‐plus‐noise ratio (SINR) subject to individual power constraint at each transmitter is considered as the max–min fairness transceiver design. Specifically, the authors propose a robust beamforming algorithm named as block diagonalisation assisted (BDA) approach for solving the max–min problem. First, block diagonalisation precoding is applied to simplify the original max–min SINR problem. Then, an iterative algorithm is proposed with alternating process to solve the simplified problem, and the convergence behaviour and computational complexity are analysed. Simulation results show the convergence of the BDA algorithm and demonstrate the robustness of the proposed transceiver design through the bit error rate and the minimum SINR.
Polarization-independent two-pump fiber optical parametric amplifier (2002)

Fiber-optical parametric amplifiers can be rendered polarization-independent by using two pumps with orthogonal polarization states. We have analytically investigated and experimentally demonstrated, for the first time to our knowledge, a flat-gain polarization-independent continuous-wave fiber optical parametric amplifier with 15 dB of gain over a 20-nm bandwidth, by using two orthogonal pumps.
Image super‐resolution based on conditional generative adversarial network (2020)

Generative adversarial network (GAN) is one of the most prevalent generative models that can synthesise realistic high‐frequency details. However, a mismatch between the input and the output may arise when GAN is directly applied to image super‐resolution. To alleviate this issue, the authors adopted a conditional GAN (cGAN) in this study. The cGAN discriminator attempted to guess whether the unknown high‐resolution (HR) image was produced by the generator with the aid of the original low‐resolution (LR) image. They propose a novel discriminator that only penalises at the scale of the patch and, thus, has relatively few parameters to train. The generator of cGAN is an encoder–decoder with skip connections to shuttle the shared low‐level information directly across the network. To better maintain the low‐frequency information and recover the high‐frequency information, they designed a generator loss function combining adversarial loss term and L1 loss term. The former term is beneficial to the synthesis of fine‐grained textures, while the latter is responsible for learning the overall structure of the LR input. The experiments revealed that the proposed method could generate HR images with richer details and less over‐smoothness.
Environmental Factors Affecting the Atmospheric Corrosion of Copper (2002)

Precipitation runoff experiments were conducted on copper panels at sites polluted with sulfur dioxide (Washington, DC), an unpolluted site (Albany, OR), and an unpolluted marine site (Newport, OR). Copper patinas had complex surface chemistry representing a sequence of transitional mineral phases terminating in brochantite at the polluted sites, atacamite at the unpolluted marine site, and copper oxides at the unpolluted site. Precipitation runoff rates on large panels were 3.3 (0.37), 1.7 (0.19), and 1.7 (0.19) g Cu/m2y (μm Cu/y) for the Washington, DC, Albany, OR, and Newport, OR, sites, respectively. Higher rates were observed for small panels and appeared due to the reduced impact of residence time effects. Zinc corrosion products on the panel at Newport depressed the copper runoff until the zinc corrosion products were dissipated. Copper runoff at the Washington, DC, site was partitioned into contributions from dry deposition of acidic gases, and wet deposition of strong acids and weak acid (carbonic acid) using geochemical modeling software. The software also predicted precipitation of brochantite during winter when sulfur dioxide levels were highest. An empirical atmospheric corrosion model with early parabolic corrosion kinetics for copper and long-term linear kinetics, and including synergy between properties of the copper patina and the environment, was described. Applied to the patina on a 100-year old roof, the model suggests that only 15 % of the total mass loss is retained in the corrosion film after 100 years of exposure.
L'engagement décorTICqué en Tremplin DEC ! (2016)

Le cours "Explorer" du cheminement Tremplin DEC au Cégep Limoilou a pour objectifs d’aider les étudiants à valider un choix vocationnel tout en développant des habiletés méthodologiques et informatiques. Beaucoup d’efforts ont été investis pour développer un cours stimulant qui réponde aux besoins des étudiants. Quelles sont les fluctuations de l'engagement étudiant durant une session ? Quels sont les outils TIC élaborés dans le cours et leurs effets sur cet engagement ? Nous discuterons des éléments qui expliqueraient les fluctuations de l'engagement.
Thin‐Film Transistors (2009)

Abstract Thin‐film transistors (TFTs) matured later than silicon integrated circuits, but in the past 15 years the technology has grown into a huge industry based on display applications, with amorphous and polycrystalline silicon as the incumbent technology. Recently, an intense search has developed for new materials and new fabrication techniques that can improve the performance, lower manufacturing cost, and enable new functionality. There are now many new options – organic semiconductor (OSCs), metal oxides, nanowires, printing technology as well as thin‐film silicon materials with new properties. All of the new materials have something to offer but none is entirely without technical problems.
Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. lactis R4 prevents Salmonella typhimurium SL1344-induced damage to tight junctions and adherens junctions (2012)

Cell junctions are the gatekeepers of the paracellular route and defend the mucosal barrier. Several enteropathogenic bacteria can invade intestinal epithelial cells by targeting and damaging cell junctions. It is not well understood how Salmonella typhimurium is able to overcome the intestinal barrier and gain access to the circulation, nor is it understood how Lactobacillus prevents the invasion of S. typhimurium. Therefore, we sought to determine whether infection with S. typhimurium SL1344 could regulate the molecular composition of cell junctions and whether Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. lactis R4 could affect this modification. Our data demonstrated that infection of Caco-2 cells with S. typhimurium over 2 h resulted in a redistribution of claudin-1, ZO-1, occluding, and E-cadherin. Western blot analysis of epithelial cell lysates demonstrated that S. typhimurium could decrease the expression of cell junction proteins. However, L. delbrueckii ssp. lactis R4 ameliorated this destruction and induced increased expression of ZO-1, occludin, and E-cadherin relative to the levels in the control group. The results of these experiments implied that S. typhimurium may facilitate its uptake and distribution within the host by regulating the molecular composition of cell junctions. Furthermore, Lactobacillus may prevent the adhesion and invasion of pathogenic bacteria by maintaining cell junctions and the mucosal barrier.
B cell-specific activation of the Epstein--Barr virus-encoded C promoter compared with the wide-range activation of the W promoter (1996)

We have studied the activity of reporter plasmids, carrying the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen (EBNA) promoters Wp and Cp, in a group of somatic cell hybrids obtained by fusing EBV-positive lymphoblastoid cell lines or group II/III Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines with non-B cell lines. In B/non-B cell hybrids of this type, B cell markers are extinguished as a rule, in parallel with the inactivation of Cp or Wp and down-regulation of EBNA-2-6 expression. A Wp-carrying reporter construct was active in non-B cell lines. Only cells with a B cell phenotype could support the activity of Cp-carrying plasmids. EBNA-2 transactivated Cp only in B cells. Our data suggest that while Wp can be used for EBNA transcription in B and non-B cells, Cp activity is restricted to B cells. The inability of EBNA-2 to transactivate Cp in non-B cells indicates that other factors present in B cells might be involved in Cp transactivation.
DeepLSD: Line Segment Detection and Refinement with Deep Image Gradients (2022)

Line segments are ubiquitous in our human-made world and are increasingly used in vision tasks. They are complementary to feature points thanks to their spatial extent and the structural information they provide. Traditional line detectors based on the image gradient are extremely fast and accurate, but lack robustness in noisy images and challenging conditions. Their learned counterparts are more repeatable and can handle challenging images, but at the cost of a lower accuracy and a bias towards wireframe lines. We propose to combine traditional and learned approaches to get the best of both worlds: an accurate and robust line detector that can be trained in the wild without ground truth lines. Our new line segment detector, DeepLSD, processes images with a deep network to generate a line attraction field, before converting it to a surrogate image gradient magnitude and angle, which is then fed to any existing handcrafted line detector. Additionally, we propose a new optimization tool to refine line segments based on the attraction field and vanishing points. This refinement improves the accuracy of current deep detectors by a large margin. We demonstrate the performance of our method on low-level line detection metrics, as well as on several downstream tasks using multiple challenging datasets. The source code and models are available at https://github.com/cvg/DeepLSD.
Method for predicting dry mechanical properties from wet wood and standing trees (2023)

A method for determining the dry mechanical strength for a green wood comprising: illuminating a surface of the wood to be determined with light between 350-2,500 nm, the wood having a green moisture content; analyzing the surface using a spectrometric method, the method generating a first spectral data, and using a multivariate analysis to predict the dry mechanical strength of green wood when dry by comparing the first spectral data with a calibration model, the calibration model comprising a second spectrometric method of spectral data obtained from a reference wood having a green moisture content, the second spectral data correlated with a known mechanical strength analytical result obtained from a reference wood when dried and having a dry moisture content.
Differential Membrane Interactions of Saposins A and C (2001)

Saposins are small, heat-stable glycoprotein activators of lysosomal glycosphingolipid hydrolases that derive from a single precursor, prosaposin, by proteolytic cleavage. Three of these saposins (B, C, and D) share common structural features including a lack of tryptophan, a single glycosylation sequence, the presence of three conserved disulfide bonds, and a common multiamphipathic helical bundle motif. Saposin A contains an additional glycosylation site and a single tryptophan. The oligosaccharides on saposins are not required for in vitro activation functions. Saposins A and C were produced in Escherichia coli to contain single tryptophans at various locations to serve as intrinsic fluorescence reporters, i.e. as topological probes, for interaction with phospholipid membranes. Maximum emission shifts, aqueous and solid quenching, and resonance energy transfer were quantified by fluorescence spectroscopy. Amphipathic helices at the amino- and carboxyl termini of saposins A and C were shown to insert into the lipid bilayer to about five carbon bond lengths. In comparison, the middle region of saposins A or C were either embedded in the bilayer or solvent-exposed, respectively. Conformational changes of saposin C induced by phosphatidylserine interaction suggested the reorientation of functional helical domains. Differential interaction models are proposed for the membrane-bound saposins A and C. By site-directed mutagenesis of saposin A and C, their membrane topological structures were correlated with their activation effects on acid beta-glucosidase. These findings show that proper orientation of the middle segment of saposin C to the outside of the membrane surface is critical for its specific and multivalent interaction with acid beta-glucosidase. Such membrane interactions and orientations of the saposins determine the proximity of their activation and/or binding sites to lysosomal hydrolases or lipoid substrates.
GloBody Technology: Detecting Anti-Drug Antibody against VH/VL domains (2020)

The occurrence of anti-drug antibodies following administration of therapeutic monoclonal antibody to patients is a growing problem that is attracting attention from frontline clinicians. Ideally, an initial indicative point of care test would provide guidance to seek testing approved by the regulatory authorities. Here we describe a platform for the detection of IgG anti-drug antibodies that may provide an initial screen for all therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. Synthetic genes encoding Nanoluciferase polypeptides were inserted between the variable heavy and light domain encoding region of known antibody drugs (alemtuzumab and adalimumab) to generate recombinant single chain GloBodies, which retain the drug antibody paratopes and Nanoluciferase activity. In the presence of anti-drug antibodies, the GloBody is bound by specific IgG in the sample. These complexes are captured on immobilised Protein G and the luciferase activity determined. The amount of light generated being indicative of the anti-drug IgG antibody levels in serum. It should be possible to assemble GloBody reagents for all therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and adapt the capture phase to include additional specific isotypes. The assay has the potential to be developed for use with a drop of blood allowing initial pre-screening in a point of care setting.
The prevention and treatment of bacterial infections in children with asplenia or hyposplenia: Practice considerations at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto (2005)

Children born without a spleen or who have impaired splenic function, due to disease or splenectomy, are at significantly increased risk of life-threatening bacterial sepsis. The mainstays of prevention are education, immunization, and prophylactic antibiotics. The availability of conjugate 7-valent pneumococcal vaccines for use in children to age 9 years at least, as well as conjugate meningococcal C vaccine in some countries, for use beginning in infancy, appear to represent beneficial additions, but not substitutions, to previous recommendations for the use of polysaccharide 23-valent pneumococcal and quadrivalent A, C, Y, W-135 vaccines. Routine immunization against H. influenzae type b should continue with non-immunized children older than age 5 years receiving two doses 2 months apart, similar to children who have not previously received conjugate pneumococcal vaccine in infancy. Annual influenza immunization, which reduces the risk of secondary bacterial infection, is also recommended for asplenic children and their household contacts. Many experts continue prophylaxis indefinitely although prophylaxis of the penicillin allergic child remains suboptimal.