gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CHAPTER 16: Snack Foods (2010)

Cereals & Grains Association is a nonprofit organization dedicated to advancing the knowledge and understanding of cereal grain science through research leadership, education, superior technical service, and advocacy.
ADMET evaluation in drug discovery: 15. Accurate prediction of rat oral acute toxicity using relevance vector machine and consensus modeling (2016)

Considering the overall prediction accuracy for the test set, RVM with Laplacian kernel and RF were recommended to build in silico models with better predictivity for rat oral acute toxicity. By combining the predictions from individual models, four consensus models were developed, yielding better prediction capabilities for the test set (q ext (2) = 0.669-0.689). Finally, some essential descriptors and substructures relevant to oral acute toxicity were identified and analyzed, and they may be served as property or substructure alerts to avoid toxicity. We believe that the best consensus model with high prediction accuracy can be used as a reliable virtual screening tool to filter out compounds with high rat oral acute toxicity. Graphical abstractWorkflow of combinatorial QSAR modelling to predict rat oral acute toxicity.
Oncogenic ras predicts lack of response to PX-866, an inhibitor of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase pathway in tumor xenograft models. (2007)

A257 The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI-3-K)/Akt signaling pathway plays a major in cell growth, survival and the resistance of cancer cells to therapy. Several inhibitors of PI-3-K signaling are rapidly moving towards or have reached early clinical trials. As the patient population begins receiving these agents, defining measurable patient parameters to predict a subset who will receive a maximal survival benefit will prove increasingly important. PX-866, a semisynthetic viridin inhibitor of PI-3-K, exhibits antitumor activity in a number of in vivo tumor models and has been shown to have a toxicity profile suitable for entry into clinical trials. We have screened PX-866 in vivo against multiple tissue tumor cell line-derived xenografts for its ability to inhibit tumor growth. PX-866, when administered at a schedule sufficient for the prolonged inhibition of AKT activity, showed pronounced single agent cytostatic effects in several different tumor types. Additionally, a subset of tumor types was identified which displayed little or no growth arrest after prolonged treatment with PX-866 at pharmacologically relevant doses. The magnitudes of the responses to PX-866 in vivo were not reflected in standard cell killing assays under monolayer culture conditions. An analysis of the mutations in the cell lines xenografts screened revealed that the five showing moderate to complete resistance to PX-866 all harbored an oncogenic, activating mutation in the K or N ras signaling protein at codons 12, 13, or 61 The activated ras protein has been shown to have the ability to simultaneously activate a number of signaling pathways involved in oncogenic processes, including the Ral, Raf and PI3K pathways. Through the use of reverse lysate protein arrays (RPPA) we investigated the activation of signaling pathways in cell lines responsive and resistant to PI-3-K inhibition in our in vivo model. There was a significant increase in cyclin B and decrease of E-cadherin in the resistant lines, both changes previously found associated with ras transformation. To further explore which signaling pathways was driving resistance we utilized a colon cancer line in which the oncogenic ras was replaced with a series of ras constructs that preferentially activate one of the three key identified effector pathways through modulation of domains on the enzyme. Clonogenic assays with cell lines harboring these constructs revealed the ability of ras to utilize raf for growth and survival independent of PI-3-K signaling. Identification of active ras and/or markers associated with its activation as an indicator of lack of response may serve as important tools in the selection of individuals best suited for treatment with inhibitors of the PI-3-K signaling pathway for cancer therapy. Additionally, identification of signaling pathways driving this resistance may serve as a guide for the rational combination of these inhibitors, including PX-866, with other current and emerging targeted therapies.
Beam engineering for zero conicity cutting and drilling with ultra fast laser (Conference Presentation) (2017)

With the development of high average power, high repetition rate, industrial ultrafast lasers, it is now possible to achieve a high throughput with femtosecond laser processing, providing that the operating parameters are finely tuned to the application. Femtosecond lasers play a key role in these processes, due to their ability to high quality micro processing. They are able to drill high thickness holes (up to 1 mm) with arbitrary shapes, such as zero-conicity or even inversed taper, but can also perform zero-taper cutting. A clear understanding of all the processing steps necessary to optimize the processing speed is a main challenge for industrial developments. Indeed, the laser parameters are not independent of the beam steering devices. Pulses energy and repetition rate have to be precisely adjusted to the beam angle with the sample, and to the temporal and spatial sequences of pulses superposition. The purpose of the present work is to identify the role of these parameters for high aspect ratio drilling and cutting not only with experimental trials, but also with numerical estimations, using a simple engineering model based on the two temperature description of ultra-fast ablation. Assuming a nonlinear logarithmic response of the materials to ultrafast pulses, each material can be described by only two adjustable parameters. Simple assumptions allow to predict the effect of beam velocity and non-normal incident beams to estimate profile shapes and processing time.
Phenyl-C61-butyric Acid as an Interface Passivation Layer for Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells (2019)

Here, phenyl-C61-butyric acid (PCBA) is presented as a generic passivation coating for metal oxide electron transport layers used in planar n–i–p configuration of perovskite solar cells. PCBA shows better adhesion to tin and zinc oxides due to strong acid–base interactions as compared to the conventionally used phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ether (PCBM). Therefore, depositing a compact PCBA passivation coating can be achieved in a much more economical way using 100 times less concentrated precursor solution. In addition, PCBA coating delivers higher power conversion efficiencies (up to 20.3%) as compared to the pristine oxide layers with or without PCBM coating. Finally, the fabricated solar cells using PCBA coating are more stable in comparison with the reference cells with conventional PCBM passivation and preserved ∼70% of the initial efficiency after 1500 h of continuous 30 mW/cm2 white light illumination at 50 °C.
Luminescent Cyclometalated Platinum(II) Complex Forms Emissive Intercalating Adducts with Double‐Stranded DNA and RNA: Differential Emissions and Anticancer Activities (2014)

Abstract Luminescent metallo‐intercalators are potent biosensors of nucleic acid structure and anticancer agents targeting DNAs. There are few examples of luminescent metallo‐intercalators which can simultaneously act as emission probes of nucleic acid structure and display promising anticancer activities. Herein, we describe a luminescent platinum(II) complex, [Pt(C^N^N)(C≡N t Bu)]ClO 4 ( 1 a , HC^N^N= 6‐phenyl‐2,2′‐bipyridyl), that intercalates between the nucleobases of nucleic acids, accompanied by an increase in emission intensity and/or a significant change in the maximum emission wavelength. The changes in emission properties measured with double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) are different from those with dsDNA used in the binding reactions. Complex 1 a exhibited potent anticancer activity towards cancer cells in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in a mouse model. The stabilization of the topoisomerase I–DNA complex with resulting DNA damage by 1 a is suggested to contribute to its anticancer activity.
Modulation of Schottky Barrier Height of Metal/TaN/n-Ge Junctions by Varying TaN Thickness (2012)

This paper demonstrates experimentally the modulation of the Schottky barrier height (SBH) of metal/TaN/n-Ge junctions by varying the TaN thickness in a dual stacked metal layer. The effective SBH for the metal/TaN/n-Ge Schottky junctions, originally pinned at 0.53-0.61 eV, decays to 0.44 eV, the barrier height of TaN/n-Ge, with an increase in the TaN thickness from 0 to 10 nm, independent of the type of metal. Dipole formation at the TaN/Ge interface is proposed to alleviate the metal-induced gap states and shift the pinning level toward the conduction band. The modulation of the SBH can be ascribed to the interdiffusion between the cap metals (Al, Fe, and Ni) and TaN.
Experimental Demonstration of High-Performance Physical Reservoir Computing with Nonlinear Interfered Spin Wave Multi-Detection (2022)

Physical reservoir computing, which is a promising method for the implementation of highly efficient artificial intelligence devices, requires a physical system with nonlinearity, fading memory, and the ability to map in high dimensions. Although it is expected that spin wave interference can perform as highly efficient reservoir computing in some micromagnetic simulations, there has been no experimental verification to date. Herein, we demonstrate reservoir computing that utilizes multidetected nonlinear spin wave interference in an yttrium iron garnet single crystal. The subject computing system achieved excellent performance when used for hand-written digit recognition, second-order nonlinear dynamical tasks, and nonlinear autoregressive moving average (NARMA). It is of particular note that normalized mean square errors (NMSEs) for NARMA2 and second-order nonlinear dynamical tasks were 1.81x10-2 and 8.37x10-5, respectively, which are the lowest figures for any experimental physical reservoir so far reported. Said high performance was achieved with higher nonlinearity and the large memory capacity of interfered spin wave multi-detection.
A multi-layer architecture for wireless sensor network virtualization (2013)

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become pervasive and are used for a plethora of applications and services. They are usually deployed with specific applications and services; thereby precluding their re-use when other applications and services are contemplated. This can inevitably lead to the proliferation of redundant WSN deployments. Virtualization is a technology that can aid in tackling this issue. It enables the sharing of resources/infrastructures by multiple independent entities. This position paper proposes a novel multi-layer architecture for WSN virtualization and identifies the research challenges. Related work is also discussed. We illustrate the potential of the architecture by applying it to a scenario in which WSNs are shared for fire monitoring.
An algebraic watchdog for wireless network coding (2009)

In this paper, we propose a scheme, called the algebraic watchdog for wireless network coding, in which nodes can detect malicious behaviors probabilistically, police their downstream neighbors locally using overheard messages, and, thus, provide a secure global self-checking network. Unlike traditional Byzantine detection protocols which are receiver-based, this protocol gives the senders an active role in checking the node downstream. This work is inspired by Marti et al.'s watchdog-pathrater, which attempts to detect and mitigate the effects of routing misbehavior. As the first building block of a such system, we focus on a two-hop network. We present a graphical model to understand the inference process nodes execute to police their downstream neighbors; as well as to compute, analyze, and approximate the probabilities of misdetection and false detection. In addition, we present an algebraic analysis of the performance using an hypothesis testing framework, that provides exact formulae for probabilities of false detection and misdetection.
Overview of MediaEval 2012 Genre Tagging Task (2012)

The MediaEval 2012 Genre Tagging Task is a follow-up task of the MediaEval 2011 Genre Tagging Task and the MediaEval 2010 Wild Wild Web Tagging Task to test and evaluate retrieval techniques for video content as it occurs on the Internet, i.e., for semi-professional user generated content that is associated with annotations existing on the Social Web. The task uses the MediaEval 2012 Tagging Task (ME12TT) dataset which is based on the whole blip10,000 collection, in contrast to the MediaEval 2010 Wild Wild Web (ME10WWW) set used in previous tasks. In this task overview paper, we describe the principal characteristics of the dataset, the task itself, and the evaluation metrics used to test the particpants’ results.
The reactions of some pyraiiylideneiminium salts with amines. II (1972)

Abstract The iminium salt, N,N ‐dimethyl‐ N ‐[2‐(2‐phenyl‐4 H ‐l‐benzopyran‐4‐ylidene)ethylidene] imin‐ium perchlorate ( 3 ), reacts with secondary amines by exchanging the dimethylimino group for the added amine. Primary amines also reacted with 3 in the same manner. The bis iminium salts, N,N,N',N' ‐tetramethyl‐ N,N '‐[2‐(2‐phenyl‐4 H ‐l‐benzopyran‐4‐ylidene)‐1,3‐propanediylidene]‐bis(immium perclilorate) ( 4 ) and the corresponding thiapyran derivative ( 5 ), react with ammonia to give 5‐dimethylamino‐2‐phenyl‐5 H ‐1‐benzopyrano[3,4‐ c ]pyridine ( 10 ) and the thia analog 11 . The reactions of 4 and 5 with primary amines give 3‐alkyl‐5‐dimethylamino‐2‐phenyl‐5 H ‐l‐beiizopyrano[3,4‐ c ]pyridinium perclilorate salts or the corresponding thiapyrano compounds. Compounds 4 and 5 react with secondary amines by exchanging the dimethylimino groups with the secondary amine and addition of the amine at the 2‐position of the pyran or thiapyran ring.
Understanding the Origin of Luminescence in Porous Silicon: An Undergraduate Solid-State Chemistry Experiment (2000)

We report a modular solid-state chemistry experiment based on the chemical and electrochemical etching of crystalline silicon wafers to produce porous silicon (PSi) layers. Under relatively simple etching conditions, porous silicon exhibits efficient room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) at approximately 680 nm. While the luminescence mechanism is still a source of debate, it is generally agreed that the light emission is due to the spatial confinement of electron-hole pairs in nanometer-scale silicon particles that remain after etching. Using this explanation, students are able to apply a three-dimensional particle-in-a-box solution to Schrödinger's equation to explain the energy of the PL as a function of nanoparticle size. We have also compared PSi surfaces with unetched silicon wafers using atomic force microscopy to demonstrate how surface morphology can influence a material's optical properties. This experiment is a tool for introducing chemistry majors to the fabrication and characterization techniques used to study microelectronic materials and provides a solid-state counterpart to molecular absorption measurements typically used to demonstrate the particle-in-a-box principle.
Fast and selective fine coal agglomeration using an economic binder (2016)

Selective agglomeration using an oil binder has been considered for the processing of fine coal many times in the past. However, the cost of the oil binder has always proven to be too high for commercial applications. This work revisited the technique of fine coal agglomeration in an effort to create an economically viable process and, thus, increase the overall utilisation of the coal resource. A novel and economic binder which consisted of a water-in-oil emulsion (95 vol% water and 5 vol% oil) was introduced. This emulsion was considered to be an economic alternative to pure oil as it had the potential to drastically reduce the amount of oil required in the process. A reduction was possible as the dispersed water droplets within the emulsion occupied the majority of the void space within the agglomerate; a space which would otherwise have to be filled with oil. In other words, the emulsion possessed an enhanced space-filling functionality. The use of oil as the continuous phase also meant that the necessary hydrophobic surface functionality of the binder was maintained. In this study the selectivity of the new emulsion binder was investigated and compared to the selectivity of a pure kerosene binder. The coal feed used in the study contained particles in the size range of 0 – 2 mm which also afforded the opportunity to study the ability of the emulsion to agglomerate and recover coal over a broad size range. It was found that the selectivity of the emulsion matched that of pure kerosene and consistently resulted in a low, &lt;15 (%ad), ash product. An analysis of the product agglomerates indicated that the emulsion could agglomerate particles up to 1 mm.
Threat to AIDS funding continues past fiscal 1996 budget battles. (1996)

AIDS community advocates face an ongoing battle to gain funding for AIDS research, care, and prevention within the upcoming 1997 fiscal year. The level of uncertainty experienced by the advocates has never been this high. The Democrats' and Republicans' call for a balanced budget will hurt AIDS programs, and domestic discretionary spending will be severely restricted in fiscal years 1996 to 2002. The challenge to AIDS advocates is to try to preserve the integrity of vital programs and safeguard the already fragile AIDS care infrastructure.
Growth of Clostridium perfringens in Food Proteins Previously Exposed to Proteolytic Bacilli (1973)

Proteolytic sporeforming bacteria capable of surviving processing heat treatments in synthetic or fabricated protein foods exhibited no antagonistic effects on growth of Clostridium perfringens, but instead shortened the lag of subsequent growth of C. perfringens in sodium caseinate and isolated soy protein. Bacillus subtilis A cells were cultured in 3% sodium caseinate or isolated soy protein solutions. The subsequent effect on the lag time and growth of C. perfringens type A (strain S40) at 45 C was measured by colony count or absorbance at 650 nm, or both. B. subtilis incubation for 12 h or more in sodium caseinate reduced the C. perfringens lag by 3 h. Incubation of 8 h or more in isolated soy protein reduced the lag time by 1.5 h. Molecular sieving of the B. subtilis-treated sodium caseinate revealed that all molecular sizes yielded a similar reduced lag time. Diethylaminoethyl-Sephadex ion exchange fractionation and subsequent amino acid analysis indicated that the lag time reduction caused by B. subtilis incubation was not related to charge of the peptides nor to their amino acid composition. Apparently the shortened C. perfringens lag in these B. subtilis-hydrolyzed food proteins was a result of the protein being more readily available for utilization by C. perfringens.
Index (2001)

You have accessHow to Make Injection MoldsMay 2001IndexGeorg Menges, Walter Michaeli, Paul MohrenGeorg Menges, Walter Michaeli, Paul Mohrenhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446401808.bmSectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF ShareFacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2001Pages: 601-612Print ISBN: 978-3-446-21256-5eISBN: 978-3-446-40180-8 Copyright & Permissions© 2001 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF DownloadLoading ...
Editorial Comments (1984)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Sep 1984Editorial Comments Calvin M. Kunin Calvin M. KuninCalvin M. Kunin More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)49706-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Editorial Comments." The Journal of Urology, 132(3), p. 493 © 1984 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 132 Issue 3 September 1984 Page: 493 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1984 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.Metrics Author Information Calvin M. Kunin More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
FAM201A encodes small protein NBASP to inhibit neuroblastoma progression via inactivating MAPK pathway mediated by FABP5 (2023)

Increasing evidence indicates that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is one of the most important RNA regulators in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma (NB). Here, we found that FAM201A was low expressed in NB and a variety of gain and loss of function studies elucidated the anti-tumor effects of FAM201A on the regulation of proliferation, migration and invasion of NB cells. Intriguingly, we identified the ability of FAM201A to encode the tumor-suppressing protein, NBASP, which interacted with FABP5 and negatively regulated its expression. In vivo assays also revealed NBASP repressed NB growth via inactivating MAPK pathway mediated by FABP5. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that NBASP encoded by FAM201A played a tumor-suppressor role in NB carcinogenesis via down-regulating FABP5 to inactivate the MAPK pathway. These results extended our understanding of the relationship of lncRNA-encoded functional peptides and plasticity of tumor progression.
Expression of aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3) in neuroendocrine tumors & adenocarcinomas of pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, and lung. (2013)

Human aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3) was initially identified as an enzyme in reducing 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT) to 5α-androstane-3α, 17β-diol (3α-diol) and oxidizing 3α-diol to androsterone. It was subsequently demonstrated to possess ketosteroid reductase activity in metabolizing other steroids including estrogen and progesterone, 11-ketoprostaglandin reductase activity in metabolizing prostaglandins, and dihydrodiol dehydrogenase x (DDx) activity in metabolizing xenobiotics. AKR1C3 was demonstrated in sex hormone-dependent tissues including testis, breast, endometrium, and prostate; in sex hormone-independent tissues including kidney and urothelium. Our previous study described the expression of AKR1C3 in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma but not in small cell carcinoma. In this report, we studied the expression of AKR1C3 in normal tissue, adenocarcinomas (43 cases) and neuroendocrine (NE) tumors (40 cases) arising from the aerodigestive tract and pancreas. We demonstrated wide expression of AKR1C3 in superficially located mucosal cells, but not in NE cells. AKR1C3-positive immunoreactivity was detected in 38 cases (88.4%) of adenocarcinoma, but only in 7 cases (17.5%) of NE tumors in all cases. All NE tumors arising from the pancreas and appendix and most tumors from the colon and lung were negative. The highest ratio of positive AKR1C3 in NE tumors was found in tumors arising from the small intestine (50%). These results raise the question of AKR1C3's role in the biology of normal mucosal epithelia and tumors. In addition, AKR1C3 may be a useful adjunct marker for the exclusion of the NE phenotype in diagnostic pathology.
Tuning the Setup of Sputter-Coated Multilayers in Nanocluster-Based Signal-Enhancing Biochips for Optimal Performance in Protein and DNA Assays (2004)

In biochip development two issues are critical: stable and specific immobilization of the ligand and achievement of high signal-to-background ratio. In this work we have addressed these issues for the development of biochips, produced by sputtering multilayers of thin metal films, metal oxides, and metal nitrides (tens to hundreds of nanometers thick) onto glass wafers. Optimized surfaces have shown good results in genomic and proteomic experiments with biochips based on surface-enhanced fluorescence and absorption techniques.
Supplementary Figure Legend from <i>NUAK2</i> Amplification Coupled with <i>PTEN</i> Deficiency Promotes Melanoma Development via CDK Activation (2023)

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