gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A high-performance digital convergence and focus system for projection TV (1992)

A new multistandard digital convergence and focus system was developed for both rear and front projection TV, demonstrating high picture quality and different picture zoom modes. The key goals of this development project were low manufacturing cost, a high level of integration of functions, and application in a wide variety of different TV sets and standards. Fully automatic adjustment is possible, so production costs are low. In addition, a static loop using either electrical or optical feedback allows correction of convergence characteristics during set operation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Does the private sector care about AIDS? Evidence from investment climate surveys in East Africa (2006)

This paper analyzes the determinants of firms' decision to provide HIV/AIDS prevention activities. Using data from 860 firms and 4,955 workers in Uganda, Tanzania, and Kenya, it shows that larger firms, and firms with higher skilled workers tend to invest more in AIDS prevention. Firms where more than 50 percent of workers are unionized are also more likely to do more prevention activity. Finally, these characteristics are also significant in determining whether or not a firm carries out pre-employment health checks of its workers. The results shed light on the likelihood of private sector intervention and the gaps that will require public sector assistance.
Macromol. Rapid Commun. 13/2015 (2015)

Front Cover: Nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP) of methacrylic esters is still a great challenge in the field of polymer science. This Feature Article will first discuss the reasons why this class of monomers–the most representative one being methyl methacrylate–is usually poorly controlled by NMP, and will then present the most successful strategies to control their polymerization. NMP-derived materials comprising uncontrolled methacrylate segments will also be covered. Further details can be found in the article by E. Guégain, Y. Guillaneuf, and J. Nicolas* on page 1227.
Optimization of immunohistochemical techniques to detect extracellular matrix proteins in fixed skin specimens. (1989)

Complete antigen visualization in the context of well-preserved tissue architecture is the goal of all immunohistochemical techniques. Frozen tissue section techniques achieve optimal antigen visualization but preserve tissue architecture poorly. On the other hand, formalin-fixed tissue section techniques preserve tissue architecture very well but result in antigen masking. Enzymatic digestion or salt extraction of formalin-fixed sections has been used to reestablish antigen expression. Recently acid-alcohol-fixed tissue has been used as a successful compromise between tissue architecture preservation and the visualization of cytoskeletal antigens. In an attempt to find an improved immunohistochemical process for non-cytoskeletal antigens, we compared avidin-biotin immunofluorescence staining in frozen, formalin-fixed, and acid-alcohol-fixed tissues. The fixed tissues were either untreated or treated with enzyme digestion or salt extraction. For this study, we examined healing cutaneous wounds in Yorkshire pigs with antibodies to fibronectin, laminin, von Willebrand factor VIII, and keratin. Although tissue architecture was poor, frozen sections provided the best antigen visualization and were therefore used as the standard for complete antigen expression. Formalin-fixed tissues had excellent tissue architecture, but most antigens were completely masked. Pre-treatment technique only partially overcame the antigen masking caused by formalin. In contrast, acid-alcohol fixation preserved tissue architecture almost as well as formalin and sometimes allowed complete antigen visualization; however, laminin and fibronectin were partially masked. Total recovery of the expression of these antigens could be obtained by pre-treating the acid-alcohol-fixed tissue with either hyaluronidase or 1 M NaCl. Therefore, acid-alcohol-fixed tissue appears best for extracellular matrix (ECM) protein immunostaining as well as for cytoskeletal staining. However, certain ECM antigens require hyaluronidase or 1 M NaCl treatment for optimal visualization.
The Use of S35 in the Measurement of Transfer Constants (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Use of S35 in the Measurement of Transfer ConstantsCheves WallingCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 7, 2561–2564Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01187a079https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01187a079research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views104Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Lossless DNA microarray image compression (2004)

A new approach for lossless compression of DNA microarray images is proposed in this work. First DNA image spots are automatically detected and extracted. Then employing a new scanning technique called spiral path, 2D spots are converted into 1D sequences. Linear interpolation method is used in the prediction coding of the 1D sequence. Finally the prediction residual sequence is divided into spot and background parts and Huffman coded. Two stages of local optimization result in excellent compression which not only outperforms ordinary compression engines, but also previous works in this area.
Proceedings : Ninth International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications, August 26-28, 1998, Vienna, Austria (1998)

These papers from the 9th Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications cover topics including: workflow management in scientific and engineering applications; query processing; advanced database and information system methods; multimedia applications; and video management.
Evidence fork-dependent, in-plane anisotropy of the superconducting gap inBi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (1992)

We find the superconducting gap in ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CaCu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{8+\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$ single crystals is anisotropic in k space by roughly a factor of 2 using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Matching the k-space symmetry of the gap values provides a stringent constraint on theories of the mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity. A review of the literature shows that many puzzling results can be explained by anisotropic gaps in the high-${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$ cuprates.
Impact of Autophagy on Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy Mediated Tumor Cytotoxicity: ?To Live or not to Live? (2011)

Autophagy, a highly regulated cell "self-eating" pathway, is controlled by the action of over 34 autophagy-related proteins (collectively termed Atgs). Although they are fundamentally different processes, autophagy and apoptosis (type I programmed cell death), under certain circumstances, can be regulated by common signaling mediators. Current cancer therapies including chemotherapy and ionizing radiation are known to induce autophagy within tumor cells. However, autophagy plays a dual role of either pro-cell survival or pro-cell death in response to these cancer treatments, depending on the cellular context and the nature of the treatment. We review the current basic and translational cancer research literature on how autophagy impacts tumor cell survival ("to live") and death ("not to live") following treatment as well as the role of chemical mediators of autophagy.
Reactions of [Cu(X)(BPEP-Ph)] (X = PF6, SbF6) with silyl compounds. Cooperative bond activation involving non-coordinating anions (2015)

Bond activation of silyl compounds, assisted by the cooperative action of non-coordinating anions, is achieved using Cu(I) complexes coordinated with a PNP-pincer type phosphaalkene ligand, [Cu(X)(BPEP-Ph)] (X = PF6 (1a), SbF6 (1b); BPEP-Ph = 2,6-bis[1-phenyl-2-(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)-2-phosphaethenyl]pyridine). Complexes 1a and 1b react with Me3SiCN to form Me3SiF and Cu(i) cyanide complexes of the formula [Cu(CN-EF5)(BPEP-Ph)] (E = P (2a), Sb (2b)), in which the CN ligand is associated with the EF5 group arising from EF6(-). Formation of the intermediary isonitrile complex [Cu(CNSiMe3)(BPEP-Ph)](+)SbF6(-) (3b) is confirmed by its isolation. Thus, a two-step reaction process involving coordination of Me3SiCN, followed by nucleophilic attack of SbF6(-) on the silicon atom of 3b is established for the conversion of 1b to 2b. Complex 1b cleaves the H-Si bond of PhMe2SiH as well. The isolation and structural identification of [Cu(BPEP-Ph)](+)BAr(F)4(-) (1c) (BAr(F)4 = B{3,5-(CF3)2C6H3}4) as a rare example of a T-shaped, three-coordinated Cu(i) complex is reported.
A LiTaO<inf>3</inf>SAW Resonator and Its Application to Video Cassette Recorder (1981)

The LiTa03 SAW resonator has been developed for application as a video cassette recorder RFconverter. An aluminum ridge grating reflector on LiTaOj( X-l12Y) was researched experimentally. The reflector configuration proved excellent, from the viewpoint of realizing small chip size, h igh Q resonators and good reproducibility. An optimum design method to make one-port resonators adaptable to any given oscillator circuit was also researched. been developed and is shown in this paper.
Developmental regulation of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid receptor subunit expression in forebrain and relationship to regional susceptibility to hypoxic/ischemic injury. II. Human cerebral white matter and cortex. (2006)

This report is the second of a two-part evaluation of developmental differences in alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid receptor (AMPAR) subunit expression in cell populations within white matter and cortex. In part I, we reported that, in rat, developmental expression of Ca2+-permeable (GluR2-lacking) AMPARs correlated at the regional and cellular level with increased susceptibility to hypoxia/ischemia (H/I), suggesting an age-specific role of these receptors in the pathogenesis of brain injury. Part II examines the regional and cellular progression of AMPAR subunits in human white matter and cortex from midgestation through early childhood. Similarly to the case in the rodent, there is a direct correlation between selective vulnerability to H/I and expression of GluR2-lacking AMPARs in human brain. For midgestational cases aged 20-24 postconceptional weeks (PCW) and for premature infants (25-37 PCW), we found that radial glia, premyelinating oligodendrocytes, and subplate neurons transiently expressed GluR2-lacking AMPARs. Notably, prematurity represents a developmental window of selective vulnerability for white matter injury, such as periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). During term (38-42 PCW) and postterm neonatal (43-46 PCW) periods, age windows characterized by increased susceptibility to cortical injury and seizures, GluR2 expression was low in the neocortex, specifically on cortical pyramidal and nonpyramidal neurons. This study indicates that Ca2+-permeable AMPAR blockade may represent an age-specific therapeutic strategy for potential use in humans. Furthermore, these data help to validate specific rodent maturational stages as appropriate models for evaluation of H/I pathophysiology.
High human herpesvirus 8 seroprevalence in populations from Western Balkan countries (2006)

Patterns of endemicity of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) are still undefined in some European populations, such as those from Western Balkan countries. Serum samples from 605 human immunodeficiency virus-seronegative subjects (299 Albanians and 306 Kosovars) were tested for the presence of HHV8 antibodies to a capsid-related open reading frame (ORF65)-encoded protein and a latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) to determine HHV8 seroprevalence in populations from Albania and from the Kosovo region of former Yugoslavia. Levels of co- circulation with hepatitis A (HAV) and hepatitis B (HBV) viruses were also determined. HHV8 antibodies to at least one of the two antigens were detected in 28.8% of Albanians and 18% of Kosovars. The seroprevalence of HHV8 was found to be 25.0 and 16.8% in Albanian and Kosovar children (<or=15 years old), respectively. No association was found between HHV8 seropositivity and serological markers for hepatitis A (total anti-HAV) and hepatitis B (antibodies to the core antigen). HHV8 infection is widespread among Albanians and Kosovars, as is the case in populations of the Mediterranean basin. The high HHV8 seroprevalence observed in children as well as the lack of correlation with HAV and HBV infections suggest that intrafamilial, non-fecal-oral, and non-parenteral routes of HHV8 transmission may also be predominant in some populations from the Western Balkan countries.
Low-energy-electron diffraction by nano-objects in projection microscopy without magnetic shielding (1994)

This paper shows that by using nanotips as nanosources of electrons, Fresnel diffraction by nano-objects is observed in a low-energy-electron projection microscope without any magnetic field shielding. The results shown are consistent with the Aharonov-Bohm effect and Lorentz force deviation due to the magnetic stray fields.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF A NEW, HIGHLY REACTIVE FORM OF IRON(0), AND ITS USE IN DEPROTONATION OF CARBONYL COMPOUNDS (1985)

Abstract Aus Methylmagnesiumbromid und Fe(III)‐chlorid erhält man eine Fe(0)‐Form, die mit Trimethylsilylchlorid zur Bildung von Enolsilylethern, z.B. von (III) aus (I), eingesetzt werden kann.
Abstract B275: Dovitinib as a single-agent or in combination with other small molecule inhibitors for mutant BRAF melanomas. (2013)

Abstract Background: Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) modulate many oncogenic signaling pathways. RTKs can be activated as a result of feedback loops initiated from inhibition of downstream signaling components and contribute to resistance to small molecule targeted therapies. Target-specific inhibitors have provided many advances in cancer treatment, but it is becoming increasingly evident that single-agent treatment approaches are suboptimal. To address this, we performed single-agent compound screens against a panel of melanoma cell lines to select candidate agents for testing in combination agent screens (Cancer Discov 2013 3:52-67). One of the top single-agents effective in mutant BRAF melanomas was dovitinib (TKI258, CHIR258), a multi-RTK inhibitor shown to inhibit numerous type III, IV, and V RTKs. We present data examining the target profile of dovitinib in short-term cultured melanoma cell lines and describe effective partner agents for further testing as combination therapies. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five melanoma cell lines were screened against 150 agents. The most efficacious forty agents from the single-agent screen were collated and three consensus concentrations were determined for each compound to perform pair-wise combinations (Cancer Discov 2013 3:52-67). Growth inhibition was evaluated by ATP luminescent detection by CellTiterGlo®. Colony formation experiments were performed to confirm positive drug interactions. Phosphoproteomic approaches were used to further evaluate targets of dovitinib. Results: Dovitinib was one of the top hits from this single-agent screen that was effective in mutant BRAF melanoma cell lines. Dovitinib does not inhibit mutant BRAF directly, but inhibits RTKs. We found that multiple RTK targets of dovitinib are expressed and active in mutant BRAF melanoma cell lines. Furthermore, we found that dovitinib combines well with vemurafenib and MEK and AKT inhibitors to inhibit colony formation ability and cell proliferation. This was seen in both vemurafenib-sensitive and resistant cell lines. Conclusions: These findings further demonstrate the utility of using both single- and combination agent screening to determine genotype specific compound effects. Furthermore, these results support the rationale for using dovitinib as a partner agent with several small molecule inhibitors for melanoma combination therapy, especially in the vemurafenib-resistant setting. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):B275. Citation Format: Casey G. Langdon, Matthew A. Held, Andrew B. Koo, Michael Klein, Zongzhi Liu, James T. Platt, David F. Stern. Dovitinib as a single-agent or in combination with other small molecule inhibitors for mutant BRAF melanomas. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2013 Oct 19-23; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):Abstract nr B275.
Solid-phase synthesis of mucin glycopeptides (2004)

Solid-phase synthesis of mucin glycopeptides is an effective way to prepare constracts in order to investigate their biological and biophysical properties. This review highlights three key aspects of this process. First, methods to prepare u-glycosylated Thr and Ser derivatives as building blocks are outlined, incloding componsons of the effects of leaving groups, neighboring groups, and different sugar types on glycosidic linkage sterepchemistry. Second conditions are destribed for incorporation of the vorious huilding blocks into glycopeptides by solid phase synthesis. Third, procedures one summorized for removol of O-acetyl sugar protection upon completion of glycopeptide assembly.
A phase I study of brivanib alaninate (BMS-582664), an oral dual inhibitor of VEGFR and FGFR tyrosine kinases, in combination with full dose cetuximab (BC) in patients (pts) with advanced gastrointestinal malignancies (AGM) who failed prior therapy (2008)

4111 Background: Brivanib alaninate (B) is an oral prodrug of BMS-540215, a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor of VEGFR and FGFR signaling. Prior studies have validated both VEGF and EGF signaling pathways as targets in AGM. The MTD of B is 800 mg qd (ASCO #3051, 2006). Methods: An open-label phase I dose-escalation study of B in combination with cetuximab (C) was conducted in pts with AGM who failed prior therapy. B was given po Day 1 and qd from Day 8, starting at 320 mg. C was given IV Day 8 (400 mg/m2) then weekly (250 mg/m2). Dose escalation of B continued to 800 mg qd, when an expansion cohort for pts with colorectal cancer (CRC) was opened for additional safety and efficacy. Fresh tissue and blood sampling for biomarker and PK analysis was acquired. FDG-PET was obtained at baseline x 2, and Days 15 and 56. Tumor response (modified WHO) was evaluated q 8 weeks. Results: 60 pts (57 CRC, 2 esophageal, and 1 hepatocellular carcinoma) were treated with B 320, 600 or 800 mg qd in combination with C for a median 8.3 weeks (range 0.1–57.3+). A single DLT, bilateral pulmonary emboli, occurred at 320 mg. B+C was tolerable with few G3/4 AEs (fatigue 16%, transaminitis 12%, diarrhea 2%). PK was linear up to 800 mg. There was no apparent effect of C or B on each drug’s PK. FDG-PET results from 48 pts with 1–3 target lesions showed baseline reproducibility for SUVmax, SUVpeak and SUVmean, with intrasubject CV of 15%, 16% and 20%, respectively. There was a dose-dependent decline in plasma COL IV and sVEGFR2 levels at Day 36 compared with baseline (COL IV: 320 mg, 26%, 800 mg 41%; sVEGFR2: 320 mg, 1.5%, 800 mg 31%). Best responses in subsets of 34 evaluable CRC pts treated with B 800 mg + C are shown in the Table. Conclusions: B ≤800 mg qd + C was tolerable and had clinical activity in pts with advanced CRC. Pretreatment FDG-PET is a reproducible imaging modality. Prior therapy EGF inhibitor - - + + VEGF inhibitor - + - + Evaluable pts (total) 12 12 1 9 34 PR 4 1 0 0 5 (15%) SD 5 7 1 6 19 (56%) PD 3 4 0 3 10 (30%) PR + SD ≥ 6 mo 4 3 0 3 10 (30%) Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Bristol-Myers Squibb Bristol-Myers Squibb
Polymers in Pharmaceutical Products (1993)

Polymers have played indispensable roles in the preparation of pharmaceutical products. Their applications range widely from material packaging to fabrication of the most sophisticated drug delivery devices. This chapter reviews various polymers used in pharmaceutics based on their applications.
Decision-Based cooperative spectrum sensing using random medium access (2016)

This article studies the performance of decision-based cooperative spectrum sensing using random medium access. Unlike scheduled medium access, random medium access entails a non negligible probability of collision which affects the detection accuracy. Novel closed form expressions are derived for the detection probability, the false alarm probability, and the average reporting time, assuming the absence of a dedicated reporting channel and accounting for decoding errors. Computer simulations are used to verify the accuracy of the derived results.
Optical study of good quality InGaP/GaAs quantum wells: Influence of the indium content around the lattice-matched composition (1996)

High structural and optical quality InxGa1−xP/GaAs quantum wells, with x from 0.51 to 0.45, have been successfully grown by atomic layer molecular beam epitaxy. In that compositional range, an important blue shift of the quantum well luminescence lines is observed, which is explained by an increase of the conduction band gap offset from compressive to tensile strain conditions. The luminescence intensity decreases with temperature above 20–30 K, which is attributed to impurities located at the interfaces and inside the quantum wells. The influence of the In content on the oscillator strength of the optical transitions is also evaluated.