gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiparameter Screening Reveals a Role for Na+ Channels in Cytokine-Induced β-Cell Death (2014)

Pancreatic β-cell death plays a role in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, but clinical treatments that specifically target β-cell survival have not yet been developed. We have recently developed live-cell imaging-based, high-throughput screening methods capable of identifying factors that modulate pancreatic β-cell death, with the hope of finding drugs that can intervene in this process. In the present study, we used a high-content screen and the Prestwick Chemical Library of small molecules to identify drugs that block cell death resulting from exposure to a cocktail of cytotoxic cytokines (25 ng/mL TNF-α, 10 ng/mL IL-1β, and 10 ng/mL IFN-γ). Data analysis with self-organizing maps revealed that 19 drugs had profiles similar to that of the no cytokine condition, indicating protection. Carbamazepine, an antiepileptic Na(+) channel inhibitor, was particularly interesting because Na(+) channels are not generally considered targets for antiapoptotic therapy in diabetes and because the function of these channels in β-cells has not been well studied. We analyzed the expression and characteristics of Na(+) currents in mature β-cells from MIP-GFP mice. We confirmed the dose-dependent protective effects of carbamazepine and another use-dependent Na(+) channel blocker in cytokine-treated mouse islet cells. Carbamazepine down-regulated the proapoptotic and endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling induced by cytokines. Together, these studies point to Na(+) channels as a novel therapeutic target in diabetes.
Effect of different pretreatments on through silicon via copper filling (2013)

Pretreatments have a great effect on the through silicon via (TSV) copper electroplating filling process. In this study, we compared the wetting effect by observing cross-sectional images of samples pretreated with ultrasound and vacuuming method. And the electrochemical test was used to verify the effect of acid plating solution on the oxidation of the Cu seed layer. Without any pretreatment, vias showed a poor wettability that large voids existed at the bottom. The TSV pretreated by ultrasound and vacuuming method both were coated well with copper deposition layer, which showed a good wettability. However, when the Cu seed layer of the TSV was not well sputtered, ultrasound vibration may cause the exfoliation of the Cu seed layer resulting in the formation of void at the bottom of the vias. Diluted additives as prewetting solution made no much difference on filling effect. The acidic plating solution could dissolve the oxide layer at a high speed and react with the Cu seed layer as well.
Resin-Molded High Frequency Multi-Chip Modules in Face-up Structure. (1998)

ベース基板上に搭載されたMMIC等のチップを樹脂で埋め込み, その上に配線層を形成するフェースアップ型高周波MCMの基本構造を提案する。本構造は, (1) 100μmを超える厚膜樹脂の一回塗布, (2) バンプ電極によるチップ間厚さ偏差吸収, (3) 一括研削による埋め込み層樹脂・バンプ平坦化が特徴であり, 併せてチップ封止も実現できる。GaAsMMIC6チップのPHS端末高周波McMとSi-MosFET2チップのセルラ端末用電力増幅器モジュールを試作し, 実装プロセスのフィージビリティおよび高周波動作を確認する。モジュール寸法は前者が10mm×8mm, 後者が9mm×7mmで, 厚さは共に0.7mmである。電力増幅器モジュールの性能として, 1.75GHzで出力電力28.5dBm (0.7W) , 電力付加効率16%が示される。
Synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinesDavid S. Kashdan, John A. Schwartz, and Henry RapoportCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 13, 2638–2643Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00134a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00134a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1400Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Novel Validated Stability Indicative UP-LC Method for Etravirine for the Determination of Process Related and Degradation Impurities (2012)

A novel stability indicating reverse phase ultra performance liquid chromatographic (UP-LC) method has been developed for Etravirine along with eight impurities (imp-1, imp-2, imp-3, imp-4, imp-5, imp-6, imp-7 and imp-8) and validated as per ICH recommendations. Stress degradation conditions were established for Etravirine by subjecting it to stress conditions of acid, base, oxidation, humidity, thermal and photolysis. Significant degradation is observed in base stress condition and the major degradant (RRT at about 0.94) is identified by LC-MS and spectral analysis. The stress samples were assayed against a qualified reference standard and the mass balance was found close to 99.0%. Efficient chromatographic separation was achieved on a Shimpack ODS-II stationary phase with a gradient mobile phase combination. Quantification was carried at 303 nm at a flow rate of 0.6 mL?min–1. The resolution between Etravirine and eight potential impurities is found to be greater than 2.0. Regression analysis shows as r value (correlation coefficient) of greater than 0.999 for Etravirine and eight potential impurities. This method is capable to detect the impurities of Etravirine at a level of 0.003% with respect to test concentration of 1.0 mg·mL–1.
Studies on the carotenoids in the muscle of salmon-II. Astaxanthin and/or canthaxanthin-actomyosin complex in salmon muscle. (1989)

It was proposed that astaxanthin and/or canthaxanthin in salmon muscle binds with one β-ionone ring to a hydrophobic binding site which exists on the surface of actomyosin. The binding of carotenoids to actomyosin is not specific. The hydroxyl and keto groups of β-end group intensify the binding strength of carotenoids to actomyosin.
Manipulation of the Reconstruction of the Au(111) Surface with the STM (1992)

Modification of the reconstruction of an Au(111) surface with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is demonstrated. This modification is accomplished by transferring a number of surface atoms to the STM tip to generate a surface multivacancy (hole), which modifies the stress distribution at the surface. The structural changes that follow the tip-induced surface perturbation are imaged in a time-resolved manner. The structural modification is the result of both short-range interactions, which lead to local atomic relaxation, and long-range elastic interactions, which produce large-scale rearrangements.
Life History of <I>Paracoccus marginatus</I> (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on Four Host Plant Species Under Laboratory Conditions (2008)

Life history of the mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink, on three ornamental plants [Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., Acalypha wilkesiana (Muell.-Arg.), and Plumeria rubra L.] and one weed species (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) was studied under laboratory conditions. Mealybugs were able to develop, survive, and reproduce on all four hosts; however, there were differences in the life history parameters. Adult females that developed on acalypha and parthenium emerged approximately 1 d earlier than those that developed on hibiscus and plumeria. Adult males had a longer developmental time on plumeria than on the other hosts. Survival of first- and second-instar nymphs and cumulative adult survival were lowest on plumeria. Longevity was not affected by hosts for males and females and averaged 2.3 +/- 0.1 and 21.2 +/- 0.1 d, respectively. On plumeria, 58.9 +/- 1.7% of the adults were females, which was a higher female percentage than on the other hosts. No egg production occurred in virgin females. Prereproductive and reproductive periods of the females were not affected by hosts and averaged 6.3 +/- 0.1 and 11.2 +/- 0.1 d, respectively. Mean fecundity of 186.3 +/- 1.8 eggs on plumeria was lower than on the other three plant species. Life history parameters of P. marginatus on hibiscus, acalypha, plumeria, and parthenium show its ability to develop, survive, and reproduce on a wide variety of plant species.
Diffusion and Heat Exchange in Chemical Kinetics (1955)

Frank-Kamenetskii, a leader in Russian science, was the first to define conditions for two stable operating regimes in chemical reactions, one controlled by chemical reactions, the other by diffusion processes. In this book he treats mathematically the subjects of reaction ignition, quenching, and periodic processes in chemical kinetics as found in flames, combustion of solids, and other chemical reactions. The book was translated from the Russian by the late N. Thou and edited by R. Wilhelm. Originally published in 1955. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Probing the binding mechanism of mercaptoguanine derivatives as inhibitors of HPPK by docking and molecular dynamics simulations (2016)

6-Hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin pyrophosphokinase (HPPK) is a promising antimicrobial target involved in the folate biosynthesis pathway. Although, the results from crystallographic studies of HPPK have attracted a great interest in the design of novel HPPK inhibitors, the mechanism of action of HPPK due to inhibitor binding remains questionable. Recently, mercaptoguanine derivatives were reported to inhibit the pyrophosphoryl transfer mechanism of Staphylococcus aureus HPPK (SaHPPK). The present study is an attempt to understand the SaHPPK-inhibitors binding mechanism and to highlight the key residues that possibly involve in the complex formation. To decipher these questions, we used the state-of-the-art advanced insilico approach such as molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD), molecular mechanics-generalized Born surface area approach. Domain cross correlation and principle component analysis were applied to the snapshots obtained from MD revealed that the compounds with high binding affinity stabilize the conformational dynamics of SaHPPK. The binding free energy estimation showed that the van der Waals and electrostatic interactions played a vital role for the binding mechanism. Additionally, the predicted binding free energy was in good agreement with the experimental values (R<sup>2</sup> = .78). Moreover, the free energy decomposition on per-residue confirms the key residues that significantly contribute to the complex formation. These results are expected to be useful for rational design of novel SaHPPK inhibitors.
ChemInform Abstract: The Alkylation of Iodouridine by a Heterogeneous Palladium Catalyst. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Aqueous Complexation Equilibria of meso-Tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin with Viologens:  Evidence for 1:1 and 1:2 Complexes and Induced Porphyrin Dimerization (2002)

UV−vis spectra of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP) have been studied in dilute (1.0 μM) aqueous solution at pH 7.0 as a function of added electrolytes, including phosphate buffer, methyl viologen dichloride (MV), and propyl viologen sulfonate (PVS). At concentrations ≤1.0 μM and pH ≥ 7.0, TCPP is considered to be tetraanionic and unaggregated. It shows a strong B (Soret) band at 414.2 nm that can be decomposed into three Gaussians, and follows Beer's law with ε = 4.8 × 105 M-1 cm-1 at pH 7.0 in 5.0 mM phosphate buffer. Deviations from Beer's law appear above 2 μM under the above conditions; linear regions for Beer's law plots depend on the pH, temperature, and ionic strength. Even around 1 μM, the Soret absorption strength is a very sensitive function of electrolyte concentration; for example, ε = 3.6 × 105 M-1 cm-1 at pH 7.0 in 62 mM phosphate buffer, and ε = 5.1 × 105 M-1 cm-1 in aqueous solution of minimal ionic strength (0.1 mM NaOH, pH 10). In the titration of TCPP with MV, two types of experiments were performed, at low ionic strength (which necessarily increased in the later stages of the titration) or at high (effectively constant) ionic strength. In 5.0 mM phosphate buffer at pH 7.0 two isosbestic points are observed, at 418.4 nm (in the range of 40−300 μM MV) and at 421.5 nm (15−90 mM MV), considered to represent the formation of 1:1 and 1:2 complexes (porphyrin−viologen). By nonlinear regression analysis, the complexation constants are calculated to be K1 = 3350 M-1 and K2 = 68 M-1. Application of principal component analysis identifies the spectra of both complexes and gives K1 = 2200 M-1 and K2 = 100 M-1. The complexation constants, the spectra of the complexes, and the positions of the isosbestic points vary with the buffer concentration. At 62 mM phosphate buffer, K1 = 600 M-1 and K2 = 40 M-1 by nonlinear regression analysis (K1 = 1200 M-1 and K2 = 140 M-1 by principal component analysis). 1H NMR spectra indicate that both TCPP and MV undergo concentration-dependent resonance shifts that can be correlated with the calculated complexation constants. Similar titration of TCPP with PVS also shows evidence for 1:1 and 1:2 complexes, but with lower equilibrium constants compared to those from titration with MV. At high PVS concentrations (>25 mM) a blue-shifted Soret band attributed to TCPP dimer is observed. The same spectrum is observed under a variety of other conditions, including the presence of a cationic surfactant (4 μM CTAB), very high ionic strength (3 M NaCl), or a polycationic complexing agent. These effects illustrate the variety of influences that affect the porphyrin absorption spectrum in aqueous solution and offer cautions about the conditions of experimental control and data analysis that are necessary to extract meaningful titration data.
Investigation of Radiation-Induced Response in Advanced Microprocessor (2016)

Abstract This work investigates the origin of the single event hard failures of an advanced commercial FinFET microprocessor induced by heavy ions using a combination of failure analysis tools. It focuses on elucidating the reason behind the hard and catastrophic failures of Intel 5th Generation MCP Broadwell microprocessors due to exposure to ionizing radiation. The failure analysis techniques point toward the same area on the platform control hub (PCH) die. Contrary to the initial (intuitive) hypothesis, the hard failures observed in the Intel 5th Generation MCP Broadwell are caused by 32-nm planar PCH die. These failures do not seem to be anyhow related to the FinFET technology, but the exact physical mechanism has yet to be identified. In conclusion, no critical issues or showstoppers were observed during heavy ion testing of Intel 14-nm Tri-Gate FinFET commercial microprocessors, which would prevent these devices from being considered as future space candidate parts.
Dietary total sulfur amino acid requirement for optimal growth performance and carcass characteristics in finishing gilts (1996)

Finishing gilts (initially 163 lb) were fed .58% total lysine (.50% apparent digestible) and total sulfur amino acid (TSAA) concentrations of .26, .285, .31, .335, and .36% (.225 to .325% apparent digestible). These values represent TSAA: lysine ratios of 45, 50, 55, 60, and 65%. Results suggest a linear decrease in ADG and ADFI along with poorer F/G with increasing TSAA levels. However, gilts fed .285% TSAA (50% of lysine) had the best ADG and F/G. No effect was observed on any carcass criteria. Based on the results of this study, the TSAA requirement is not greater than .285% total (.25% apparent digestible) or approximately50% of the lysine requirement.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996
Variation-Stable Fusion for PPG-Based Biometric System (2021)

This paper investigates the employment of photoplethysmography (PPG) for user authentication systems. Time-stable and user-specific features are developed by stretching the signal, designing a convolutional neural network and performing a variation-stable approach with three score fusions. Two evaluation scenarios are explored, namely single-session and two-sessions. In the earlier, the training and testing are done solely on one session data to find the user-specific features, while the second scenario is performed on data from two different sessions to test the time permanence of the features. The verification system was tested on four databases achieving an accuracy of 100% for single-session and 87.3% for two-sessions cases. The simulation results confirm the effectiveness of proposed variation-stable fusion which can be extended to other biometrics. The code is available in [1].
Stability of Human Immunodeficiency Virus RNA in Blood Specimens as Measured by a Commercial PCR-Based Assay (1998)

We investigated the effects of conditions often encountered during handling, transit, and storage of blood specimens on the quantity of detectable human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA in plasma. HIV RNA copy numbers were measured with a commercially available assay (the Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor test kit). Variables examined were the time to processing of blood and plasma, the holding temperature of blood and plasma prior to processing, the effect of freezing and thawing of plasma, and the use of different anticoagulants. The relationship between the HIV RNA copy number and the HIV isolation rate by peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) coculture was also examined. We found that RNA copy numbers were maintained to within 0.5 log10 (approximately threefold) in blood and plasma samples held at room temperature or 4 degrees C for up to 3 days and remained stable despite (limited) freezing and thawing of the plasma. HIV RNA copy numbers were also maintained after long-term storage of plasma at -70 degrees C. The ability to isolate HIV from PBMCs was directly proportional to the HIV RNA copy number.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylation Reactions of Alkenes and Alkynes (2009)

Abstract Palladium‐catalyzed carbonylation reactions of alkenes and alkynes with different nucleophiles have undergone rapid development ever since the seminal work of Reppe back in the 1930s. Nowadays, a plethora of palladium catalysts and various synthetic protocols are available for the synthesis of valuable carboxylic acids and acrylic acids as well as their derivatives. Herein, we summarize the recent catalyst developments and selected organic applications in this area.
Hypoxia Modifies the Transcriptome of Human NK Cells, Modulates Their Immunoregulatory Profile, and Influences NK Cell Subset Migration (2018)

Hypoxia, which characterizes most tumor tissues, can alter the function of different immune cell types, favoring tumor escape mechanisms. In this study, we show that hypoxia profoundly acts on NK cells by influencing their transcriptome, affecting their immunoregulatory functions, and changing the chemotactic responses of different NK cell subsets. Exposure of human peripheral blood NK cells to hypoxia for 16 or 96 h caused significant changes in the expression of 729 or 1,100 genes, respectively. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis demonstrated that these changes followed a consensus hypoxia transcriptional profile. As assessed by Gene Ontology annotation, hypoxia-targeted genes were implicated in several biological processes: metabolism, cell cycle, differentiation, apoptosis, cell stress, and cytoskeleton organization. The hypoxic transcriptome also showed changes in genes with immunological relevance including those coding for proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and chemokine-receptors. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis confirmed the modulation of several immune-related genes, prompting further immunophenotypic and functional studies. Multiplex ELISA demonstrated that hypoxia could variably reduce NK cell ability to release IFNγ, TNFα, GM-CSF, CCL3, and CCL5 following PMA+Ionomycin or IL15+IL18 stimulation, while it poorly affected the response to IL12+IL18. Cytofluorimetric analysis showed that hypoxia could influence NK chemokine receptor pattern by sustaining the expression of CCR7 and CXCR4. Remarkably, this effect occurred selectively (CCR7) or preferentially (CXCR4) on CD56<sup>bright</sup> NK cells, which indeed showed higher chemotaxis to CCL19, CCL21, or CXCL12. Collectively, our data suggest that the hypoxic environment may profoundly influence the nature of the NK cell infiltrate and its effects on immune-mediated responses within tumor tissues.
HETEROTRANSPLANTATION OF ARGYROPHIL SMALL CELL CARCINOMA OF THE UTERINE CERVIX INTEGRATING HPV16 DNA INTO NUDE MICE (1988)

Argyrophil small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix (ASCC) containing human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) DNA has been successfully transplanted in nude mice for the first time, and we have designated the resultant cell line as YIK-1. Histology of YIK-1 was similar to that of the original tumor. The original and YIK-1 tumor cells contained argyrophil granules and neurosecretory granules in the cytoplasm, and were immunohistochemically stained positive for neuron-specific enolase, serotonin and chromogranin. Both tumors contained HPV16 DNA in a multiple-copy integrated form. Thus, YIK-1 maintains the characteristics of the original ASCC, and may therefore be useful as an animal system for experimental studies of ASCC.
Bootstrapped extraction of class attributes (2009)

As an alternative to previous studies on extracting class attributes from unstructured text, which consider either Web documents or query logs as the source of textual data, A bootstrapped method extracts class attributes simultaneously from both sources, using a small set of seed attributes. The method improves extraction precision and also improves attribute relevance across 40 test classes.
Sequence analysis of the breakpoint cluster region in the ALL-1 gene involved in acute leukemia. (1994)

DNA rearrangements caused by chromosome translocations between band 11q23 and various chromosomes can be detected by a single probe, B859, an 859-base pair complementary DNA fragment derived from the human ALL-1 gene. To try to understand why band 11q23 becomes a frequent target of the translocations, we have sequenced the entire breakpoint cluster region, a 8342-base pair BamHI genomic fragment delineated by B859. We found eight Alu repeats located within this region in the same orientation as the ALL-1 gene. We have also analyzed the sequences of the breakpoints in 10 patients with 6 different types of 11q23 aberration. In five patients the breaks coincided with Alu sequences on chromosome 11, but not on the partner chromosomes. Also, seven of the breaks occurred in the region delineated by exons 6 and 7, which is composed mainly of Alu sequences. In three patients topoisomerase II recognition site-like sequences, at different stringency levels, were identified at the breakpoints on chromosome 11. We conclude that while there is no specific sequence element present at all the breakpoints, the high density of Alu sequences in the breakpoint cluster region possibly makes the latter more prone to recombination events.