gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Use of RNAi Technology in the Development of High Performance Bioproduction Cell Lines (2014)

Vaccines have proven to be an effective means to protect communities from a range of human and agricultural pathogens. Unfortunately, costs associated with the development and manufacturing of vaccines often prevent some of the neediest populations from receiving and distributing these essential prophylactics. Advances in molecular and synthetic biology represent potential low cost solutions for enhancing bioproduction. In the following chapter, we describe a program in which RNA Interference (RNAi) has been successfully employed to identify gene modulation events that enhance poliovirus production in vaccine manufacturing cell lines. Transition of this technology into stable production lines promises to increase overall vaccine manufacturing capabilities – thereby making these essential, life-saving therapeutics available at an affordable cost.
Space-charge effects on multipactor on a dielectric (2000)

Analyzes the effects of space charge shielding on the steady state of a multipactor discharge on a dielectric. Analytic methods are used to obtain an exact function for the potential in the discharge, assuming a Maxwellian distribution of emitted electrons. An equation for the amount of power deposited on the dielectric by the multipactoring electrons, for a given saturation level, is given. A simple method for obtaining the saturation level, for a given material, is obtained.
Multi-kernel Partial Least Squares for Multi-Modal Data Analysis (2017)

In recent years, multi-modal data analysis has enjoyed an increasing attention. Multi-modal data mean the different modal data representing the same semantics. Moreover, many subspace learning methods are proposed to measure the correlation between different modal data. As the most representative subspace learning method, canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and its variants project different modal data into a common space where the Pearson correlation is maximized. Yet CCA often causes information loss when switching the modals, and as a result, the partial least squares regression (PLSR) model is adopted to handle the problem. Subsequently, considering the nonlinearity of data, the kernel partial least squares regression (KPLSR) is proposed. Besides, KPLSR mostly relies on the kernel parameters. Hence, we propose to apply multi-kernel partial least squares regression (MKPLSR) for multi-modal data analysis. To evaluate the proposed approach, massive experiments are carried out. Compared with previous methods, the experimental results on two benchmark datasets composed of images and texts pairs, show the effectiveness of our approach, when applied to multi-modal data retrieval and classification.
Blind Feedforward Symbol-Timing Estimation With PSK Signals: A Constant-Modulus Approach (2007)

In this letter, the problem of blind symbol-timing estimation with M-ary phase-shift keying (M-PSK) signals is considered. An estimator exploiting the constant modulus (CM) property of M-PSK constellations and the structure of the received signal when the convolution of the transmitter's signaling pulse and the receiver filter satisfies the Nyquist criterion is proposed. Since the derived estimator, termed the CM estimator, requires a maximization with respect to a continuous variable, a closed-form approximate CM (ACM) algorithm, suitable for digital implementation, is proposed. Computer simulation results show that with small excess bandwidth factors, the derived ACM algorithm outperforms previously proposed algorithms at moderate and high signal-to-noise ratios
Design of a real-time optimized emulation method (2010)

Virtualization has become a key technology in the design of embedded systems. Within the scope of virtualization, emulation is a central aspect to overcome the limits induced by the heterogeneity of complex distributed embedded systems. Most of the techniques developed for the desktops and servers are not directly applicable to embedded systems due to their strict timing requirements. We will show the problems of existing emulation methods when applying them to embedded real-time systems and will propose a metric to determine the worst-case overhead caused by emulation. Based on this metrics we then propose an emulation method minimizing the worst-case overhead.
Determination of dimetridazole, ronidazole and their common metabolite in poultry muscle and eggs by high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection and confirmatory analysis by atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry†‡ (1998)

A method was developed for the determination of the nitroimidazole compounds dimetridazole (DMZ) and ronidazole (RNZ) and their common metabolite, 2-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole (2-OH-M). Extracts obtained from a clean-up process using strong cation exchange (SCX) solid phase extraction (SPE) can be analysed either by high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection (HPLC-UV) or by high performance liquid chromatography with atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS) as a confirmatory method. Up to 20 samples can be extracted in approximately 4 h. The HPLC-UV analysis had a limit of detection of 0.5 microgram kg-1. Validation in chicken muscle fortified at a concentration of 5 micrograms kg-1 gave recoveries of 75% DMZ, 77% RNZ and 81% 2-OH-M with RSDs of 16.4, 11.3 and 14.0%, respectively (n = 17). Validation in egg fortified at the same concentration gave recoveries of 77% DMZ, 80% RNZ and 80% 2-OH-M, with RSDs of 14.9, 22.0 and 18.2%, respectively (n = 18). The limit of detection of the HPLC-APCI-MS method was 0.1 microgram kg-1 for DMZ and RNZ and 0.5 microgram kg-1 for 2-OH-M. This method gave mean recoveries in fortified egg samples of 65% DMZ, 87% RNZ and 75% 2-OH-M with RSDs of 22, 11 and 14%, respectively (n = 10). The ratios of the peak areas of the molecular ion and a fragment ion were monitored as added confirmation of the presence of the analyte. Both the HPLC-UV screening procedure and the HPLC-APCI-MS confirmatory method have subsequently been used for the analysis of several hundred samples as part of UK surveillance programmes.
744. Novel Vectors for Gene Therapy: Covering the Spectrum of Primate AAV Diversity (2006)

One strategy to enhance the performance of AAV vectors is to evaluate the impact of capsid variation present in natural isolates of AAV virus. Indeed, one of the first AAVs recovered by our recent screen of novel AAVs, called AAV serotype 8, demonstrated substantially improved gene transfer in liver. Further building on this theme, we generated a catalog of AAV vectors that capture the entire spectrum of natural capsid variation and have screened these vectors for gene transfer to a variety of targets. A total of 30 vectors were generated and optimized by site-directed mutagenesis and tested in vivo in liver and muscle. Minor variations in capsid sequence were found to impact gene transfer applications dramatically. In order to pinpoint domains or residues that correlate with suboptimal vector production, or in vitro or in vivo gene transfer, we performed an extensive structure- function analysis. This highlighted a class of residues on existing capsid sequences that were found to be of particular interest. Atypical residues in otherwise entirely conserved regions consistently correlated with a loss in vector performance. These residues, termed singletons, were reverted back to their conserved state. Both the original and the variant were compared in their ability to package and perform in vitro and in vivo in C57BL/6 mice. Expression of the reporter gene hAAT was used to measure gene transfer efficiency. Dramatic improvement as a result of singleton modifications was observed. Generally in vitro transduction was mildly improved with few exceptions. Singleton modification resulted in improved in vivo gene transfer to liver and muscle. There were few examples however where in vivo performance was decreased, highlighting the critical importance for tropism of these vectors. Interestingly, AAV6 was evaluated before and after removal of two singleton residues. Residue K531 was found to be responsible for the superior tropism in both liver and muscle when compared to the closely related AAV1. Data on 30 AAV based gene therapy vectors of a variety of serological profiles, isolated from 5 primate species and representing all AAV clades will be presented. Evaluation for gene transfer in muscle identified 10 vectors superior to or as efficient as AAV8. Several lead candidates have been identified for liver directed gene therapy, a subset of which is to be tested in non-human primates. This study approaches the development of second generation vectors using an approach more like that used to identify small molecule pharmaceutics. We start from a natural library of AAV gene transfer vehicles. Based on correlates of functionality with structure, the particle is then engineered into lead molecules for the tissue target of interest. It is deemed critical to progress several candidates through pre-clinical development, in order to overcome hurdles like species difference of gene transfer, serological burden of a target population and other forms of pre-existing immunity.
Synthesis and characterization of a novel macrocyclic ligand containing nine donor atoms (1996)

Abstract The synthesis of a novel macrocyclic ligand containing nine potential coordination sites (six nitrogens and three oxygens) formed by a triazacyclododecane ring trisubstituted with CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 Ph)CH 2 COOH groups is reported. The protonation scheme of this ligand has been elucidated by measuring the proton NMR shifts of the various methylenic resonances upon changing the pH of the solution. This ligand affords stable metal complexes with Cd 2+ ion, whose 1 H‐ and 13 C‐NMR spectra suggest a remarkable kinetic inertia and stereochemical rigidity.
Synthesis of mutagenic 2,4‐dinitro‐[7‐14C]benzaldehyde (1994)

Abstract 2,4‐Dinitro‐[7‐ 14 C]benzaldehyde ( 4 ), a mutagenic substance which may have an unique metabolic activating pathways, was synthesized as a tracer for the detection of adducts of 4 with macromolecules. The preparation was performed in four steps from [7‐ 14 C]toluene to give an overall radiochemical yield of 20% after purifying by TLC. The radiochemical purity was over 98%.
Studies on Snake Venom Hemorrhagic Factor I (HR-I) in the Venom of Agkistrodon halys blomhoffii (1972)

One of two hemorrhagic factors, hemorrhagic factor I (HR-I), in the venom of Agkistrodon halys blomhoffii (Mamushi) was highly purified by column chromatography on DEAE-cellulose followed by vertical zone electrophoresis and gel chromatography on a Sephadex G-100 column. Sedimentation, gel chromatography, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and immunoelectrophoresis indicated a high degree of homogeneity of the purified material. It possessed no detectable activities of enzymes present in the crude venom; activities tested are those of proteinases, phospholipase A's [EC 3. 1. 1. 4], nonspecific phosphatases [EC 3. 1. 3. 1 or 3. 1. 3. 2], arginine ester hydrolases, bradykinin releasing, and clotting enzymes, L-amino-acid oxidase [EC 1. 4. 3. 2], and hyaluronidase [EC 3. 2. 1. 35]. The purified HR-I preparation had a sedimentation coefficient of 6.08S and diffusion coefficient of 5.40×10−7cm2 sec−1. Using the observed values of S20, w, D20, w, and v (assumed as 0.7) in the Svedberg equation, the molecular weight was calculated as 91,000. The molecular weight determined by Archibald's method was 80,000. The apparent isoelectric point was pH 4.70 and the mobility was estimated to be −3.55×10−5cm2 sec−1 volt−1 at pH 8.5. The amino acid composition of the HR-I preparation was examined. High contents of aspartic and glutamic acids, arginine, tyrosine, and half-cystine residues were found. Among its neutral amino acids the content of tyrosine was highest followed by that of half-cystine. HR-I contained about 12 percent of neutral sugars. Thus, HR-I was concluded to be an acidic glycoprotein. The hemorrhagic activity of the purified material was completely neutralized by commercial Mamushi antivenin, and the minimum hemorrhagic dose of HR-I was 0.0012μg. The purified material also had a potent lethal effect on mice (L.D.50=0.36 (0.32–0.45) mg/kg). Thus, the HR-I principle seems to be a major toxin in this venom.
Real‐Time Tunable Red/Near‐Infrared Solid‐State Emitters in the First Biological Window: 9,9‐Diethyl‐2‐diphenylaminofluorene‐Based Push‐Pull Fluorophores for Distributed Feedback and Random Lasing Applications (2022)

Abstract In biological imaging, red‐to‐infrared emissive dyes facilitate direct visualization of molecular interactions, through deep tissue penetration, along with minimal tissue damage. This work uses simple systems based on a single dye‐doped polymeric thin film for distributed feedback and random lasing investigations. As active compounds, novel push‐pull luminescent diphenylaminofluorene derivatives are used, functionalized with different acceptor groups. Integration of such luminescent dyes with a transparent polymeric medium allows fabrication of real‐time lasing tunability in the first biological window (650–950 nm). The observed spectral tuning of 150 nm is a groundbreaking value obtained in a single‐dye system.
Finger and foot tapping as alternative outcomes of upper and lower extremity function in multiple sclerosis (2017)

Replacing the 9HPT and 25FW with simplified tests broadly adaptable to smartphone technology may enhance the power of composite scales for progressive MS.
Organization of the left-hand end of the herpes simplex virus type 2 BglII N fragment (1984)

We have determined the complete nucleotide sequence surrounding the region coding for a 38,000-dalton protein of herpes simplex virus type 2 strain 333 that is encoded between map coordinates 0.58 to 0.595 on the viral genome. The sequence data have revealed an open translational reading frame of 1,011 nucleotides encoding a protein of 337 amino acids. Upstream of those sequences, transcriptional regulatory signals could be identified that overlap another open reading frame of 489 nucleotides, which presumably encodes the carboxy-terminal 163 amino acids of a 140,000-dalton protein. Downstream of the gene encoding the 38,000-dalton protein a polyadenylation signal was found as well as one further along on the other strand near a termination codon that presumably punctuates the gene specifying a 61,000-dalton protein. The DNA sequence data were compared with the amended sequence of the herpes simplex virus type 1 strain KOS 40,000-dalton protein (K. G. Draper, R. F. Frink, and E. K. Wagner, J. Virol. 43:1123-1128, 1982) and with the 5' end of the same gene from herpes simplex virus type 1 strain 17 (J. McLaughlan and J. B. Clements, J. Gen. Virol. 64:997-1006, 1983) to assess the degree of inter- and intratypic variation. The comparison of the sequences has provided a basis for the type specifity of this viral protein and for different mechanisms giving rise to the diversity between herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2.
The Asymmetnc Hydrocyanation of Vinylarenes (2017)

The enantioselectivity of the nickel-catalyzed, asymmetric hydrocyanation of vinylarenes using glucose-derived, chiral phosphinite ligands, L, increased dramatically when the ligands contained electron-withdrawing meta phosphorus-aryl substituents. Mechanism studies implicate a NiL(vinylarene) complex as the active catalyst and suggest that the rate of reductive elimination of product from a NiL(η3-aryl)CN complex increases relative to (J-hydride elimination as the electron-withdrawing power of the phosphorus-aryl substituent increases.
Dynamic Shared Resource Management for Providing Predictable Performance in Multicore Processors (2011)

Chip multiprocessors (CMPs) are being accepted as the microprocessor architecture of choice and have received strong impetus from almost all leading chip manufactures. The dream run for computer architects of cruising on the performance benefits of Moore’s law by increasing a single processor's clock rate and pipeline depth to exploit instruction level parallelism is nearing its end. With latency starting to dominate the application execution time as opposed to instruction execution time, scaling the memory wall attains prominence. The leverage obtained by exploiting thread level parallelism and the resultant improvement in processor utilization is diminished by low utilization of several on-chip resources. To alleviate these problems, computer architects and designers alike, have suggested to share several resources on-chip.

Shared resources in a CMP environment are like double edged swords. They pose unique challenges to the seamless adoption of CMPs in both virtualization based environments and high performance computing systems. On the one hand, sharing resources (like cores, on-chip last level cache, off-chip bandwidth etc) is beneficial due to increased resource utilization. On the other hand, lack of control over management of these shared resources leads to destructive interference among different threads/applications. Consequently, there is a general loss of determinism, faded performance isolation, and an overall lack of the notion of performance quality of service (QoS) provided to applications. This has direct ramifications on adhering to service level agreements in environments involving consolidation of multiple heterogeneous applications/workloads.

The advent of the CMP era has resulted in a sustained emphasis on the need for development of techniques to extract thread-level parallelism. Given the limited ability of current compilers to extract a large fraction of the available parallelism, it is evident that a typical workload in future multicore processors would consist of a dynamic and diverse range of applications that exhibit varying degrees of thread level parallelism. This has resulted in changes in the application space besides the changes in the resource landscape due to shared resources.

To address the aforementioned problems in CMPs, in my thesis work, I have focussed on developing an integrated framework for managing the different shared resources in CMPs. Scenarios like management of shared resources among multiple threads of a single application are simpler to handle than scenarios where multiple applications (possibly multi-threaded) are executing concurrently. For the former case, we can adopt some hardware efficient, yet effective solutions. However, such solutions may not suffice to address the latter case. Dynamically partitioning shared resources in CMPs among multiple concurrently executing applications in a controlled manner may be a more effective solution to guarantee QoS as both heuristic and formal methods can be adopted in such solutions. This…
Attosecond Streaking Enables the Measurement of Quantum Phase (2010)

Attosecond streaking, as a measurement technique, was originally conceived as a means to characterize attosecond light pulses, which is a good approximation if the relevant transition matrix elements are approximately constant within the bandwidth of the light pulse. Our analysis of attosecond streaking measurements on systems with a complex response to the photoionizing pulse reveals the relation between the momentum-space wave function of the outgoing electron and the result of conventional retrieval algorithms. This finding enables the measurement of the quantum phase associated with bound-continuum transitions.
Ethnic and diet-related differences in the healthy infant microbiome (2017)

The infant gut microbiome is influenced by ethnicity and breastfeeding in the first year of life. Ethnic differences in the gut microbiome may reflect maternal/infant dietary differences and whether these differences are associated with future cardiometabolic outcomes can only be determined after prospective follow-up.
Prognostic Significance of Histological Subtype in Soft Tissue Sarcoma With Distant Metastasis (2020)

Myxoid liposarcoma had a better prognosis compared to MPNST in STS patients with distant metastasis. The surgical removal of distant metastatic lesions may improve the patient's prognosis.
Metabolism of triallate in Sprague-Dawley rats. 3. In vitro metabolic pathways (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetabolism of triallate in Sprague-Dawley rats. 3. In vitro metabolic pathwaysAmy G. Hackett, John J. Kotyk, Hideji. Fujiwara, and Eugene W. LoguschCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1993, 41, 1, 141–147Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00025a030https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00025a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views58Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
ICDAR 2009 Online Arabic Handwriting Recognition Competition (2009)

This paper describes the Online Arabic handwriting recognition competition held at ICDAR 2009. This first competition uses the ADAB-database with Arabic online handwritten words. This year, 3 groups with 7 systems are participating in the competition. The systems were tested on known data (sets 1 to 3) and on one test dataset which is unknown to all participants (set 4). The systems are compared on the most important characteristic of classification systems, the recognition rate. Additionally, the relative speed of the different systems were compared. A short description of the participating groups, their systems, the experimental setup, and the performed results are presented.