gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Involvement of Rho-Kinase and the Actin Filament Network in Angiotensin II–Induced Contraction and Extracellular Signal–Regulated Kinase Activity in Intact Rat Mesenteric Resistance Arteries (2001)

We have previously shown that angiotensin II (Ang II) and pressure increase extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 activity synergistically in intact, pressurized resistance arteries in vitro. However, the mechanisms by which pressure and Ang II activate ERK1/2 in intact resistance arteries remain to be determined. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the involvement of Rho-kinase and the actin filament network in Ang II- and pressure-induced ERK1/2 activation, as well as in the contractile response induced by Ang II. Mesenteric resistance arteries (200 to 300 microm) were isolated, mounted in an arteriograph, and stimulated by pressure, Ang II, or both. Activation of ERK1/2 was then measured by an in-gel assay. In mesenteric resistance arteries maintained at 70 mm Hg, Ang II (0.1 micromol/L) induced contraction (29+/-1.4% of phenylephrine, 10 micromol/L-induced contraction) and significantly increased ERK1/2 activity. Selective inhibition of Rho-kinase by Y-27632 (10 micromol/L) and selective disruption of the actin filament network by cytochalasin B (10 micromol/L) both decreased the Ang II-induced contraction by 78+/-1.2% and 87+/-1.9%, respectively, and significantly diminished ERK1/2 activity. In the absence of Ang II, increasing intraluminal pressure from 0 to 70 or 120 mm Hg increased ERK1/2 activity. ERK1/2 activity at 120 mm Hg was similar to that observed at 70 mm Hg in the presence of Ang II. Pressure-induced ERK1/2 activation was markedly attenuated by cytochalasin B but not by Y-27632. These results indicate that whereas pressure-induced ERK1/2 activation requires an intact actin filament network, but not Rho-kinase, the activation of ERK1/2 and the contraction induced by Ang II require both Rho-kinase and an intact actin filament network in isolated, intact mesenteric resistance arteries.
Asymptotic wavelet and Gabor analysis: extraction of instantaneous frequencies (1992)

The behavior of the continuous wavelet and Gabor coefficients in the asymptotic limit using stationary phase approximations are investigated. In particular, it is shown how, under some additional assumptions, these coefficients allow the extraction of some characteristics of the analyzed signal, such as frequency and amplitude modulation laws. Applications to spectral line estimations and matched filtering are briefly discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Overactivation of S6 Kinase 1 as a Cause of Human Insulin Resistance During Increased Amino Acid Availability (2005)

To examine the molecular mechanisms by which plasma amino acid elevation impairs insulin action, we studied seven healthy men twice in random order during infusion of an amino acid mixture or saline (total plasma amino acid approximately 6 vs. approximately 2 mmol/l). Somatostatin-insulin-glucose clamps created conditions of low peripheral hyperinsulinemia ( approximately 100 pmol/l, 0-180 min) and prandial-like peripheral hyperinsulinemia ( approximately 430 pmol/l, 180-360 min). At low peripheral hyperinsulinemia, endogenous glucose production (EGP) did not change during amino acid infusion but decreased by approximately 70% during saline infusion (EGP(150-180 min) 11 +/- 1 vs. 3 +/- 1 mumol . kg(-1) . min(-1), P = 0.001). Prandial-like peripheral hyperinsulinemia completely suppressed EGP during both protocols, whereas whole-body rate of glucose disappearance (R(d)) was approximately 33% lower during amino acid infusion (R(d) (330-360 min) 50 +/- 4 vs. 75 +/- 6 mumol . kg(-1) . min(-1), P = 0.002) indicating insulin resistance. In skeletal muscle biopsies taken before and after prandial-like peripheral hyperinsulinemia, plasma amino acid elevation markedly increased the ability of insulin to activate S6 kinase 1 compared with saline infusion ( approximately 3.7- vs. approximately 1.9-fold over baseline). Furthermore, amino acid infusion increased the inhibitory insulin receptor substrate-1 phosphorylation at Ser312 and Ser636/639 and decreased insulin-induced phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity. However, plasma amino acid elevation failed to reduce insulin-induced Akt/protein kinase B and glycogen synthase kinase 3alpha phosphorylation. In conclusion, amino acids impair 1) insulin-mediated suppression of glucose production and 2) insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in skeletal muscle. Our results suggest that overactivation of the mammalian target of rapamycin/S6 kinase 1 pathway and inhibitory serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 underlie the impairment of insulin action in amino acid-infused humans.
Growth, mortality and length-weight parameters for some Kuwaiti fish and shrimp (1991)

Growth, Mortality, Length-weight relationships, Shrimp fisheries, Finfish fisheries, Fishery biology, Kuwait,
ChemInform Abstract: The Preparation of "Elongated" Nicotine Analogues. (1986)

Abstract Kondensation des N‐silylierten Pyrrolidinons (I) mit den Estern (II) liefert die β‐Ketolactame (III), die durch Erhitzen mit Salzsäure in die Myosmin‐Analoga (IV) übergeführt werden.
Navigating the Small World Web by Textual Cues (2002)

Can a Web crawler efficiently locate an unknown relevant page? While this question is receiving much empirical attention due to its considerable commercial value in the search engine community [Cho98,Chakrabarti99,Menczer00,Menczer01], theoretical efforts to bound the performance of focused navigation have only exploited the link structure of the Web graph, neglecting other features [Kleinberg01,Adamic01,Kim02]. Here I investigate the connection between linkage and a content-induced topology of Web pages, suggesting that efficient paths can be discovered by decentralized navigation algorithms based on textual cues.
Self-biased Josephson junctions (1986)

Transport currents in one leg of a cross strip superconducting-normal metal-superconducting Josephson junction have been used to bias the current-voltage characteristics of the junction, and hence use the junction as a control element. The bias current creates a magnetic field in the junction, which in turn modulates the Josephson currents. As the bias current causes successive flux quanta to enter the junction, the Josephson critical current shows current-voltage curves similar to the resistively shunted junction model and a normal Fraunhofer pattern. Values of the bias are relatively small because the junctions are so thick. A detailed study of the junction voltage as a function of bias current shows reentrant superconductivity as successive vortices enter the junction.
Calcium-independent Phospholipases in the Heart: Mediators of Cellular Signaling, Bioenergetics, and Ischemia-induced Electrophysiologic Dysfunction (2009)

A dyshomeostasis of extra- and intracellular Ca(2+) and Zn(2+) occurs in rats receiving chronic aldosterone/salt treatment (ALDOST). Herein, we hypothesized that the dyshomeostasis of intracellular Ca(2+) and Zn(2+) is intrinsically coupled that alters the redox state of cardiac myocytes and mitochondria, with Ca(2+) serving as a pro-oxidant and Zn(2+) as an antioxidant. Toward this end, we harvested hearts from rats receiving 4 weeks of ALDOST alone or cotreatment with either spironolactone (Spiro), an aldosterone receptor antagonist, or amlodipine (Amlod), an L-type Ca(2+) channel blocker, and from age/sex-matched untreated controls. In each group, we monitored cardiomyocyte [Ca(2+)]i and [Zn(2+)]i and mitochondrial [Ca(2+)]m and [Zn(2+)]m; biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses; expression of Zn transporters, Zip1 and ZnT-1; metallothionein-1, a Zn(2+)-binding protein; and metal response element transcription factor-1, a [Zn(2+)]i sensor and regulator of antioxidant defenses. Compared with controls, at 4-week ALDOST, we found the following: (a) increased [Ca(2+)]i and [Zn(2+)]i, together with increased [Ca(2+)]m and [Zn(2+)]m, each of which could be prevented by Spiro and attenuated with Amlod; (b) increased levels of 3-nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in cardiomyocytes, together with increased H(2)O(2) production, malondialdehyde, and oxidized glutathione in mitochondria that were coincident with increased activities of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase; and (c) increased expression of metallothionein-1, Zip1 and ZnT-1, and metal response element transcription factor-1, attenuated by Spiro. Thus, an intrinsically coupled dyshomeostasis of intracellular Ca(2+) and Zn(2+) occurs in cardiac myocytes and mitochondria in rats receiving ALDOST, where it serves to alter their redox state through a respective induction of oxidative stress and generation of antioxidant defenses. The importance of therapeutic strategies that can uncouple these two divalent cations and modulate their ratio in favor of sustained antioxidant defenses is therefore suggested.
Message From McKenzie (1985)

I would like to take this opportunity to draw the attention of your readers to concerns that I have about the use of concepts and methods of spinal mechanical therapy that I have developed. Controversial methods that I first presented in the United States in 1976 have now become commonplace in clinics and hospitals. At that time, the most common forms of movement applied to the spine involved various forms of flexion. Avoiding lumbar extension was part of the routine treatment for low back problems. As a result of my courses over the past eight years, physical therapists throughout the United States have educated physicians and surgeons to the fact that extension performed in a specific manner under specific circumstances has very beneficial effects. A majority of patients with recurring episodic low back pain and referred pain respond dramatically to various extension maneuvers.
Antimicrobial Activities of Gatifloxacin against Nosocomial Isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Measured by MIC and Time-Kill Studies (2001)

We determined in vitro activities of gatifloxacin and seven other drugs against 100 isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia using the agar gradient diffusion (Etest) method. Percentages of susceptible isolates were as follows: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 90%; gatifloxacin, 71%; levofloxacin, 57%; ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, 54%; ceftazidime, 49%; ciprofloxacin, 29%; cefepime, 21%; and piperacillin-tazobactam, 20%. Time-kill studies of three isolates indicated that gatifloxacin was bactericidal at times as early as 3 h of incubation when tested at concentrations equivalent to twice the MIC (two isolates) and 4 times the MIC (one isolate).
Partitioning of evapotranspiration using high‐frequency water vapor isotopic measurement over a rice paddy field (2015)

Abstract Partitioning ecosystem evapotranspiration ( ET ) into soil evaporation ( E ) and transpiration ( T ) is crucial for understanding hydrological processes. In this study, by using high‐frequency isotope measurements and continuous surface water measurements, we investigated the isotope ratios in soil‐vegetation‐atmosphere transfer and the physical mechanisms involved over a paddy field for a full growing season. The isotopic signals of δ ET , δ T , and δ E were determined by the Keeling plot method, surface water isotopic measurements, and the Craig‐Gordon model, respectively. The fraction of transpiration in evapotranspiration ( FT ) ranged from 0.2 to 1, with an almost continuous increase in the early growing season and a relatively constant value close to 1 later in the year. The result was supported by FT derived from simulated T and eddy correlation measured ET . The seasonal change in the transpiration fraction could be described quite well as a function of the LAI ( FT = 0.67 LAI 0.25 , R 2 = 0.80), implying that transpiration plays a dominant role in the soil‐vegetation‐atmosphere continuum during the growing season. The two end‐member uncertainty analysis suggested that further improvement in the estimation of δ T and δ ET is necessary for partitioning evapotranspiration using the isotopic method. In the estimation of δ ET , the assumptions underlying Keeling plot method were rarely met and the uncertainty was quite large. A high frequency of precise isotopic measurements in surface water was also necessary for δ T estimation. Furthermore, special care must be taken concerning the kinetic fractionation parameter in the Craig and Gordon Equation for δ E estimation under low‐LAI conditions. The results demonstrated the robustness of using isotope measurements for partitioning evapotranspiration.
India : demand and supply prospects for agriculture (1981)

Since India's foodgrain situation began to improve after the mid-1970s, the World Bank's economic work on Indian agriculture has concentrated on the implications of this development both for foodgrains and for other major agricultural commodities. These papers report on: (i) projected demand for major agriculture commodities through the year 2000 based on consumption expenditure data along with estimates of future population and income growth, rates of urbanization and trends in the distribution of income; (ii) analysis of the long-run supply prospects compared with the projected demand; (iii) the possibility of foodgrain self-sufficiency and potential for an eventual exportable surplus; (iv) a possible persistent domestic shortage of vegetable oils, underlining the need for greater efforts by the agricultural support institutions to stimulate oilseed production and for an incentive pricing policy; and (v) an analysis of the sugar cycle stressing the disruptive effects of very large fluctuations around the production trend, which is essentially adequate to meet domestic requirements and provide for some exports.
Contact and photocontact sensitization in chronic actinic dermatitis: a changing picture (2010)

A significant rise in positive patch tests to non-fragrance consumer allergens, particularly p-phenylenediamine, was seen in CAD patients in 2000-2005. We speculate this alteration of allergen profile may be partly due to changes in exposure patterns.
Supplementary Table 4 from Serum Pepsinogens and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> in Relation to the Risk of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study (2023)

Supplementary Table 4 from Serum Pepsinogens and &lt;i&gt;Helicobacter pylori&lt;/i&gt; in Relation to the Risk of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study
QoS Provisioning in a Scalable Wireless Mesh Network for Intelligent Transportation Systems (2008)

The wireless mesh network (WMN) is an economical low-power solution to provide wireless broadband access in intelligent transportation systems (ITSs). This paper investigates how to deploy access points (APs) to improve throughput and quality-of-service (QoS), when the multihop communication is used to extend the coverage of wireless ITS network. Frequency planning is suggested to improve the capacity with QoS provisioning and to make the system more scalable. To investigate the overall tradeoffs among QoS, throughput, and coverage, we develop an analytical model to evaluate throughput, frame delay, and jitter for the considered ITS WMN using the carrier-sense multiple-access (CSMA) medium access control (MAC) protocol. Then, we apply an optimization approach to determine the optimal separation distances between APs with the delay requirement. To provide a guideline for network planning, we compare the uniform-spacing and increasing-spacing AP deployment strategies. The uniform-spacing strategy is to make all the APs with the same separation distance. In the increasing-spacing strategy, the separation distances between APs are increased from the central AP to the outer APs. Because of the shorter separation distance, the AP closer to the central AP can deliver higher traffic. It is shown that the increasing-spacing strategy outperforms the uniform-spacing strategy in terms and a profit function, considering the capacity and the total cost for deploying APs.
Microporous and mesoporous materials for gas storage and separation: a review (2013)

ABSTRACT Various technologies and materials have been applied for the storage of clean gas energy, which also could control the combustion process to reduce CO 2 emissions. Over the years, microporous and mesoporous materials have been developed as useful technology for gas storage and separation. However, no materials can adequately meet the needs of all applications. The present paper gives an overview of the various materials for gas storage and separation. The results showed that carbonaceous adsorbents were the most potential for meeting the US DoE system targets for gas (methane and hydrogen) storage. Meanwhile, the properties of metal organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks (thermodynamics and kinetics) had significant improvements with the development of material science. Further, zeolites performed well in CO 2 separation, but necessitated a high temperature for recovery. It was concluded that the utility of any new material will ultimately be determined not only by its material performance but also by its system performance, and much work is still required to be performed in the application of microporous and mesoporous materials for gas storage and separation in the future. © 2013 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
GOALDS–Goal Based Ship Stability & Safety Standards (2012)

The new probabilistic damaged stability regulations for dry cargo and passenger ships (SOLAS 2009), which entered into force on January 1, 2009, represent a major step forward in achieving an improved safety standard through the rationalization and harmonization of damaged stability requirements. There are, however, serious concerns regarding the adopted formulation for the calculation of the survival probability of passenger ships, particularly for ROPAX and large cruise vessels. The present paper outlines the objectives, the methodology of work and intermediate results of the EU–funded FP7 project GOALDS (Goal Based Damaged Stability, 2009–2012), which aims to address the above shortcomings by state–of–the–art scientific methods and by formulating a rational, goal–based regulatory framework, properly accounting for the damage stability properties of passenger ships.
Impact of systematic urinary catheterization protocol in delivery room on covert postpartum urinary retention: a before-after study (2017)

We investigated whether implementation of a routine catheterization procedure in labor improves covert postpartum urinary retention (cPUR) rates. We conducted a prospective before-after study. 121 women admitted to delivery room in the observational group, and 82 in the intervention group, in a tertiary university hospital in Southern France were included. All patients in the intervention group were systematically catheterized 2 hours after delivery. cPUR was screened for in both groups. The primary end-point was cPUR (post-void residual bladder volume >150 ml when voided volume is >150 mL). The rate of cPUR decreased from 50% (60 out of 121 patients) in the observational group to 17% (14/82) in the intervention group (OR = 0.21; 95% Confidence Interval [0.13;0.58]; p < 0.001). Similarly, in the subgroup of patients who underwent instrumental delivery, the rate of cPUR was lower in the intervention group (18%, 2/11) than in the observational group (65%, 15/23) (p = 0.02). Systematic intermittent bladder catheterization immediately postpartum could decrease cPUR. Further studies are necessary to assess the long-term outcomes and improve understanding of postpartum voiding dysfunction.
Multi-level RAID for very large disk arrays (2006)

Very Large Disk Arrays - VLDAs have been developed to cope with the rapid increase in the volume of data generated requiring ultrareliable storage. Bricks or Storage Nodes - SNs holding a dozen or more disks are cost effective VLDA building blocks, since they cost less than traditional disk arrays. We utilize the Multilevel RAID - MRAID paradigm for protecting both SNs and their disks. Each SN is a k-disk-failure-tolerant kDFT array, while replication or l -node failure tolerance - l NFTs paradigm is applied at the SN level. For example, RAID1(M)/5(N) denotes a RAID1 at the higher level with a degree of replication M and each virtual disk is an SN configured as a RAID5 with N physical disks. We provide the data layout for RAID5/5 and RAID6/5 MRAIDs and give examples of updating data and recovering lost data. The former requires storage transactions to ensure the atomicity of storage updates. We discuss some weaknesses in reliability modeling in RAID5 and give examples of an asymptotic expansion method to compare the reliability of several MRAID organizations. We outline the reliability analysis of Markov chain models of VLDAs and briefly report on conclusions from simulation results. In Conclusions we outline areas for further research.
Process modeling, joint-property characterization and construction of joint connectors for mechanical fastening by self-piercing riveting (2014)

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a computational approach in order to help establish the effect of various self-piercing rivet (SPR) process and material parameters on the quality and the mechanical performance of the resulting SPR joints. Design/methodology/approach – Toward that end, a sequence of three distinct computational analyses is developed. These analyses include: (a) finite-element modeling and simulations of the SPR process; (b) determination of the mechanical properties of the resulting SPR joints through the use of three-dimensional, continuum finite-element-based numerical simulations of various mechanical tests performed on the SPR joints; and (c) determination, parameterization and validation of the constitutive relations for the simplified SPR connectors, using the results obtained in (b) and the available experimental results. The availability of such connectors is mandatory in large-scale computational analyses of whole-vehicle crash or even in simulations of vehicle component manufacturing, e.g. car-body electro-coat paint-baking process. In such simulations, explicit three-dimensional representation of all SPR joints is associated with a prohibitive computational cost. Findings – It is found that the approach developed in the present work can be used, within an engineering optimization procedure, to adjust the SPR process and material parameters (design variables) in order to obtain a desired combination of the SPR-joint mechanical properties (objective function). Originality/value – To the authors’ knowledge, the present work is the first public-domain report of the comprehensive modeling and simulations including: self-piercing process; virtual mechanical testing of the SPR joints; and derivation of the constitutive relations for the SPR connector elements.