gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photoalignment and photopatterning: New liquid crystal technology for displays and photonics (2020)

Objectives . Since the end of the 20th century, liquid crystals have taken a leading position as a working material for the display industry. In particular, this is due to the advances in the control of surface orientation in thin layers of liquid crystals, which is necessary for setting the initial orientation of the layer structure in the absence of an electric field. The operation of most liquid crystal displays is based on electro-optical effects, arising from the changes in the initial orientation of the layers when the electric field is turned on, and the relaxation of the orientation structure under the action of surfaces after the electric field is turned off. In this regard, the high quality of surface orientation directly affects the technical characteristics of liquid crystal displays. The traditional technology of rubbing substrates, currently used in the display industry, has several disadvantages associated with the formation of a static charge on the substrates and surface contamination with microparticles. This review discusses an alternative photoalignment technology for liquid crystals on the surface, using materials sensitive to polarization of electromagnetic irradiation. Also, this review describes various applications of photosensitive azo dyes as photo-oriented materials. Results . The alternative photoalignment technology, which employs materials sensitive to electromagnetic polarization, allows to create the orientation of liquid crystals on the surface without mechanical impact and to control the surface anchoring force of a liquid crystal. This provides the benefits of using the photoalignment technology in the display industry and photonics—where the use of the rubbing technology is extremely difficult. The optical image rewriting mechanism is discussed, using electronic paper with photo-inert and photoaligned surfaces as an example. Further, different ways of using the photoalignment technology in liquid crystal photonics devices that control light beams are described. In particular, we consider switches, controllers and polarization rotators, optical attenuators, switchable diffraction gratings, polarization image analyzers, liquid crystal lenses, and ferroelectric liquid crystal displays with increased operation speed. Conclusions. The liquid crystal photoalignment and photopatterning technology is a promising tool for new display and photonics applications. It can be used for light polarization rotation; voltage controllable diffraction; fast switching of the liquid crystal refractive index; alignment of liquid crystals in super-thin photonic holes, curved and 3D surfaces; and many more applications.
Supplementary Figure 6: mRNA relative expression of genes involved in immunosuppression from Accumulation of MDSC and Th17 Cells in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Predicts the Efficacy of a FOLFOX–Bevacizumab Drug Treatment Regimen (2023)

&lt;p&gt;gMDSC and mMDSC were cell sorted from four mCRC patient blood. mRNA were extracted and the expression of Entpd1, Nt5e, Pdl1, Pdl2, Indo, Arg1 and Inos was determined using RT-qPCR.&lt;/p&gt;
GPCR Drug Discovery Through the Exploitation of Allosteric Drug Binding Sites (2002)

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent the most important class of drug targets both in terms of therapeutic benefit and pharmaceutical sales. The majority of current GPCR drugs have been identified in ligand binding assays and interact with the receptor in a competitive manner with the natural ligand. There is increasing evidence that it is possible to identify GPCR agonist and antagonist ligands that do not interact at the natural ligand binding site, rather such compounds interact elsewhere on the receptor to modulate receptor activity. This finding allows the possibility that there may be many as yet uncharacterized drug binding sites within the GPCR that could be exploited for therapeutic intervention. The characterization of such "allosteric" ligand interaction sites, following the identification of molecules capable of interacting at these sites, would be expected to lead to the identification of drug molecules with improved selectivity and efficacy. Such activities may enable the identification of selective ligands at GPCRs for which competitive natural ligand binding screens have been unsuccessful. In this manuscript we review known examples of GPCR allosteric ligands, the functional assay technologies that are being employed to identify further ligands of this type, and the potential benefit that may result from the identification of such ligands.
Boolean matching for large libraries (1998)

Boolean matching tackles the problem whether a subcircuit of a boolean network can be substituted by a cell from a cell library. In previous approaches [7, 10, 8] each pair of a subcircuit and a cell is tested for NPN equivalence. This becomes very expensive if the cell library is large. In our approach the time complexity for matching a subcircuit against a library L is almost independent of the size of L. CPU time also remains small for matching a subcircuit against the huge set of functions obtained by bridging and fixing cell inputs; but the use of these functions in technology mapping is very profitable. Our method is based on a canonical representative for each NPN equivalence class. We show how this representative can be computed efficiently and how it can be used for matching a boolcan function against a set of library functions.
A convenient general route to a series of diphosphine-bridged heterobinuclear complexes that contain rhodium and structures of the mixed-valent complexes [RhM(CO)4(Ph2PCH2PPh2)2] (M = Mn, Re) (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA convenient general route to a series of diphosphine-bridged heterobinuclear complexes that contain rhodium and structures of the mixed-valent complexes [RhM(CO)4(Ph2PCH2PPh2)2] (M = Mn, Re)David M. Antonelli and Martin CowieCite this: Organometallics 1990, 9, 6, 1818–1826Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00156a022https://doi.org/10.1021/om00156a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views151Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Research on hybrid PSO algorithm with appended intensification and diversification (2013)

The intensification mechanism of basic PSO algorithm was analyzed as well as the diversification mechanism. The problems such as matter correlation influence by particles' initialization, and algorithm precision were discussed. Then a strategy to improve BPSO was proposed, which could make the search process at the oscillating balance between intensification and diversification. Based on this, a more effective Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization (HPSO) was proposed, combining the Variable Dimension Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (VDGRASP) and the Variable Intension Mutation Procedure (VIMP) with the BPSO. And the experiments of two multi-peak problems as Rastrigin and Schwefel were carried out, which verified the advantage of the new HPSO algorithm.
Long-QT Syndrome After Age 40 (2008)

LQTS subjects maintain a high risk for life-threatening cardiac events after age 40 years. The phenotypic expression of affected subjects is influenced by age-specific factors related to gender, clinical history, and the LQTS genotype.
Dehydrocoupling Polymerization of Bis-silanes and Disilanols to Poly(silphenylenesiloxane) As Catalyzed by Rhodium Complexes (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTDehydrocoupling Polymerization of Bis-silanes and Disilanols to Poly(silphenylenesiloxane) As Catalyzed by Rhodium Complexes†Ruzhi Zhang, James E. Mark, and Allan R. PinhasView Author Information Department of Chemistry and the Polymer Research Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172 Cite this: Macromolecules 2000, 33, 10, 3508–3510Publication Date (Web):April 21, 2000Publication History Received12 January 2000Revised29 March 2000Published online21 April 2000Published inissue 1 May 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma000054thttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma000054trapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views959Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Copolymers,Polymerization,Polymers,Siloxanes Get e-Alerts
Isolation and characterization of the third component of rat complement. (1979)

The third component of complement from rat plasma was isolated by precipitation with polyethyleneglycol in the presence of benzamidine, followed by chromatography of the precipitate on CM-cellulose, hydroxyapatite, and QAE A50-Sephadex, and gel-filtration on Sephadex G-200 superfine. C3 was isolated in its native form, as assessed by its specific functional activity and its immunoelectrophoretic mobility. The recovery of C3 was between 18 and 26%, and the final material was homogenous on SDS-PAGE analysis. Rat C3 has an apparent molecular weight of 187,000 and it is composed of two non-identical disulphide linked polypeptide chains of 123,000 and 76,000. A monospecific antiserum against rat C3 was produced by immunization of rabbits with purified C3. Zymosan treatment of rat serum resulted in cleavage of C3 and in the appearance of component with a greater mobility during immunoelectrophoresis. The plasma concentration of rat C3 in Wistar rats was 581 +/- 49 microgram/ml (mean +/- 1 S.D.). Interaction of highly purified rat C3 with purified human components B, D, and P resulted in the formation of a C3 convertase suggesting compatibility between human and rat C3.
Synthesis of soluble halogenated aryloxy substituted indium phthalocyanines (2001)

Phthalocyanines solubilised by either 8 or 16 aryloxy or haloaryloxy groups are described. A series of phthalocyanine derivatives were prepared containing indium. 1,2-Dinitriles and the corresponding diiminoisoindolines were used as precursors. A naphthalocyanine metallated with indium and solubilised with four tert-butyl groups is reported.
Curvature and Contact Sensing with Optical Waveguides for Soft Silicone Pneumatic Actuator (2022)

Optical waveguide sensors exhibit fast response, radically low power consumption, and offer one of the most efficient means of detecting bends in soft actuators. They are, however, sensitive to non-uniform deformations at high curvature and external stimuli and much remains to be done to improve their robustness and resilience. In this study, we present a series of improvements to the design and fabrication of a soft multi-point waveguide sensor. The developed pressure-sensitive sensor measures bending longitudinally along a soft silicone pneumatic actuator (SSPA). SSPAs exhibit uniform bending behaviour as compared to fabric-based actuators, which makes for a more stable medium within which to embed our sensor. Additionally, the sensor can detect bending behaviour at multiple points in a soft actuator. In previous work, we demonstrated the multi-point sensor's ability to accurately measure curvature in a fabric finger. In this paper, we report on various enhancements to the waveguide sensor that optimise its performance in various bending scenarios. The design is optimised in terms of novel material use for the sensor housing, reduction in size and weight, plus, by integrating with an SSPA, we achieve bending beyond 90°. The newly optimised sensor's characteristics and increased sensitivity are investigated by performing reliability tests, ten-cycle cyclic-compression tests, and free bending. In addition, we subject the actuator to bending while grasping various shapes, including a sphere, a hollow cylinder, a cube, and a hexagon, while varying the pressure intake.
Enrichment of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in the zebrafish kidney (2019)

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) maintain the entire blood system throughout life and are utilized in therapeutic approaches for blood diseases. Prospective isolation of highly purified HSCs is crucial to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying regulation of HSCs. The zebrafish is an elegant genetic model for the study of hematopoiesis due to its many unique advantages. It has not yet been possible, however, to purify HSCs in adult zebrafish due to a lack of specific HSC markers. Here we show the enrichment of zebrafish HSCs by a combination of two HSC-related transgenes, gata2a:GFP and runx1:mCherry. The double-positive fraction of gata2a:GFP and runx1:mCherry (gata2a<sup>+</sup> runx1<sup>+</sup>) was detected at approximately 0.16% in the kidney, the main hematopoietic organ in teleosts. Transcriptome analysis revealed that gata2a<sup>+</sup> runx1<sup>+</sup> cells showed typical molecular signatures of HSCs, including upregulation of gata2b, gfi1aa, runx1t1, pbx1b, and meis1b. Transplantation assays demonstrated that long-term repopulating HSCs were highly enriched within the gata2a<sup>+</sup> runx1<sup>+</sup> fraction. In contrast, colony-forming assays showed that gata2a<sup>-</sup> runx1<sup>+</sup> cells abundantly contain erythroid- and/or myeloid-primed progenitors. Thus, our purification method of HSCs in the zebrafish kidney is useful to identify molecular cues needed to regulate self-renewal and differentiation of HSCs.
Spectral perturbations in a semiconductor laser: I. Anomalous splitting in the mode-beating spectrum (2005)

Mode-beating spectra and their current and temperature dependences are studied in a semiconductor laser. In the mode-beating spectrum of InGaAs quantum well lasers, the anomalous splitting of the difference-frequency line into three components f0, f+ and f- is observed. The splitting increases with increasing optical power above the threshold. The component f0 is less mobile and shifts to the red with increasing temperature. The component f+ shifts to the blue, whereas the weak f0 component shifts to the red. The difference f+-f0 amounts to 400 MHz, which is ∼5% of the value of f0 in a 5-mm long diode cavity. No anomalous splitting was observed in quantum dot lasers.
Examination of Single-phase Partial Discharge Monitoring Device for Partial Discharge Diagnosis on Three-phase GIS (2010)

This paper deals with partial discharge induced electromagnetic wave investigation on three-phase GIS using UHF method and the application of single-phase partial discharge monitoring device (PDM) on three-phase gas insulated switchgear (GIS). The PD source is a protrusion at different positions on the conductor or on the tank. Frequency and phase spectrums of EMW signals emitted by PD at different positions were observed. The most dominant frequency of EMW signal in three-phase GIS was estimated from the cutoff frequency (fc) formula for single-phase GIS. The main difference in frequency spectrum between three-phase and single-phase GIS was found to be the shift of fc to the lower value for three-phase GIS. The presence of three conductors can be considered as increase in an equivalent radius of three-phase conductor by a factor of 1.6 for this GIS model. The phase of PD phase pattern in the phase spectrum depended on the particle position. The PD sources on three-phase GIS were diagnosed by single-phase PDM device. The success rate of diagnosis results is low. The error is predicted to be caused by error in phase recognition of PD pattern. The change in phase shift setting of PD phase pattern in PDM device based on the phase angle of applied voltage at maximum electric field gave better diagnosis results.
Technologische Grundlagenuntersuchungen zur Bearbeitung neuartiger schleif- und polierbarer PVD-Hartstoffschichten∗ (2004)

Kurzfassung Die Herstellung hochpräziser optischer Abformwerkzeuge ist zentraler Schwerpunkt des transregionalen Sonderforschungsbereiches SFB/TR4 “Prozessketten zur Replikation komplexer Optikkomponenten“ an der Universität Bremen, der RWTH Aachen und der Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA, in dessen Rahmen diese Arbeit entstanden ist. Die Abformung optischer Bauteile wie z.B. von Linsen durch Spritzgießen, Heißprägen oder Heißpressen stellt im Hinblick auf die Funktionsflächen der Formeinsätze hohe Ansprüche. Während des Abformungsprozesses sind diese Funktionsflächen hohen thermischen, korrosiven und mechanischen Beanspruchungen ausgesetzt. Zur Erhöhung der Standzeiten und zur Verbesserung des Entformungsverhaltens werden Formeinsätze mit oxidations- und verschleißbeständigen Hartstoffen beschichtet. Die Eigenschaften der beschichteten Formeinsätze sind für optische Bauteile jedoch oft nicht ausreichend, sodass eine Nachbearbei-tung zur Herstellung der optischen Funktionsflächen notwendig wird.
Circulating adipokine levels and COVID-19 severity in hospitalized patients (2022)

Circulating adipokine levels are associated with COVID-19 hospitalization, i.e., the need for oxygen support (general ward), or the need for mechanical ventilation and other organ support in the ICU, but not mortality.
A probabilistic dynamic logic (1982)

A logic, Pr(DL), is presented, which enables reasoning about probabilistic programs or, alternatively, reasoning probabilistically about conventional programs. The syntax of Pr(DL) derives from Pratt's first-order dynamic logic and the semantics extends Kozen's semantics of probabilistic programs. An axiom system for Pr(DL) is presented and shown to be complete relative to an extension of first-order analysis. For discrete probabilities it is shown that first-order analysis actually suffices. Examples are presented, both of the expressive power of Pr(DL), and of a proof in the axiom system.
Packing trees into n-chromatic graphs (2013)

We show that if a sequence of trees T 1 , T 2 , ..., T n-1 can be packed into K n then they can be also packed into any n-chromatic graph.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Are Frequently Nonadherent to Scheduled Induction and Maintenance Infliximab Therapy: A Canadian Cohort Study (2015)

While three-quarters of patients are adherent to infliximab induction therapy, fewer than one-third remained adherent to their scheduled maintenance infliximab regimen.
Land use qualities identified in remotely‐sensed images (2009)

Land use can be defined as the intentional use of a specific piece of land resulting in patterns of ecological responses that are visible in land cover and landscape. The responses to land use often result in a heterogeneous combination of classes of land cover. Existing methods used in the classification of satellite imagery are limited in their capacity to handle categories consisting of heterogeneous or multiple land cover classes. Accordingly, a spatial relational post‐classification (SRPC) method has been developed which uses a spatial relational post‐classification of land cover classes based on the incorporation of information about identified land use qualities. This paper explains how this method works, and presents the results from a case study of the surroundings of Sötåsa village located in southern Sweden. Different land cover classes were aggregated semantically into two land use quality classes. In conclusion, it is argued that it is possible to make the semantic shift from reflectance to land use qualities using the developed method on satellite data, and that this provides considerable scope for the future analysis of land use.
Evaluation of internationally compatible speech test in noise for the pediatric population (2017)

Reliable and internationally compatible speech audiometry in noise for adults as well as for children is of great importance for hearing diagnostics and rehabilitation. This contribution reports evaluations of the simplified Matrix sentence test (shortMatrix) in German, Italian, and Russian for internationally comparable and accurate speech audiometry in children.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF BLOOD GROUPS TO SKIN GRAFT SURVIVAL IN CHICKENS (1964)

A partially inbred. population of chickens was used to study skin homograft reactions between full-sibs 7 days of age. Inbreeding coefficients ranged from 0.50 to 0.55. Graft survival time was analyzed according to B, D, and E blood group system genotypes. Statistical: analysis showed that graft survival was significantly affected by the B; blood group locus. When donor and host birds were incompatible at the B system, no grafts survived for longer than 4 weeks post-grafting. The D and E blood group loci showed no relationship to histocompatibility. These results substantiate the findings of previous investigators (9, 11). Approximately 33% of the homografts were rejected during the 10-week scoring period even when donor and host were of identical blood type, indicating that genetic factors other than blood groups are involved. Possible similarities between the histocompatibility systems of chickens and mice are discussed.