gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase I and Pharmacokinetic Study of Weekly 5-Fluorouracil Administered with Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor and High-Dose Leucovorin: A Potential Role for Growth Factor as Mucosal Protectant (1999)

Diarrhea is dose-limiting with weekly 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) plus high-dose leucovorin (LV). Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been associated with a decrease in chemotherapy-associated mucosal toxicity. This study was conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of weekly 5-FU when administered with GM-CSF and high-dose LV. Patients were treated with intravenous LV 500 mg/m2 plus 5-FU weekly for six doses followed by a 2-week rest. GM-CSF 250 mg/m2 was administered subcutaneously 5 days each week. Cohorts were treated with 5-FU at 600, 700, and 800 mg/m2 weekly. Twenty-nine patients were treated. The MTD of 5-FU in this schedule was 700 mg/m2/week, with diarrhea dose-limiting. 5-FU delivered dose intensity at the MTD was 424 +/- 23.7 mg/m2/week, including rest periods. 5-FU and LV pharmacokinetics were not altered by concurrent treatment with GM-CSF. In a weekly schedule with high-dose LV and GM-CSF, the MTD of 5-FU and 5-FU delivered dose intensity were higher than previously reported with 5-FU and LV administered without GM-CSF.
Probability One Convergence in Joint Stochastic Power Control and Blind MMSE Interference Suppression (2003)

Abstract — This paper studies the convergence issue in stochastic implementation of standard power control algorithms in wireless communications. It is shown that, under a set of general assumptions, the stochastic power control algorithm converges to the componentwise smallest power vector with probability one. The results are further extended to the joint stochastic power control and receiver optimization problem. Simulation results are given to illustrate the performance of the proposed algorithms in practical systems. I.
Preliminary Experimental Evaluation of Snomax (TM) Snow Inducer, Nucleus Pseudomonas syringae, as an Artificial Ice for Weather Modification (1989)

Snomax (TM) Snow Inducer, Pseudomonas syringae, has undergone preliminary laboratory and atmospheric studies in order to assess its usefulness as an artificial ice nucleus. Initial laboratory results show that Snomax is a very efficient condensation and freezing nucleus, exhibiting activities of 10^12 to 10^13 nuclei per gram at temperatures colder than -4°C and showing significant activity (approximately 10^10 per gram at temperatures as warm as -2.5°C. A preliminary aerial trial has demonstrated that Snomax powder can be easily dispersed to initiate nucleation in natural supercooled clouds.
CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF 9 CASES OF THE SIGMOID COLON CANCER WITH SUSPECTED INFILTRATION OF THE URINARY BLADDER (1994)

Among 205 cases of cancer of the sigmoid colon were operated on in the department from 1972 to 1990, adhesion of the sigmoid colon to bladder was noted in 9 cases (4.4%). An average age of the 9 patients was 59.6 years. The male-to-female ratio was 6:3. Most of the carcinomas were large (an average diameter of the tumors was 7.2cm) and the tumors in 8 of 9 cases were circular. The lesions of adhesion or infiltration to the bladder were at the appex of the bladder in 4 cases, the left posterior wall in 3 and the fundus in 2. Six of 9 patients were diagnosed as cancer invasion positive to the bladder wall at the operation. So, Hartmann's operation with partial cystectomy was performed in 2, sigmoidectomy with partial cystectomy in 3 and low anterior resection with total cystectomy in one. But, only three of them showed microscopic invasion to the bladder wall. It is said that there are some cases judged invasion negative (false negative) even if examination with an intraoperative frozen section is carried out. So another new examination methods at operation are desired.
Mur-LH, the Broad-Spectrum Endolysin of Lactobacillus helveticus Temperate Bacteriophage phi-0303 (2004)

-0303 is a temperate bacteriophage isolated from Lactobacillus helveticus CNRZ 303 strain after mitomycinC induction. In this work, the gene coding for a lytic protein of this bacteriophage was cloned using a libraryof -0303 in Escherichia coli DH5 . The lytic activity was detected by its expression, using whole cells of thesensitive strain L. helveticus CNRZ 892 as the substrate. The lysin gene was within a 4.1-kb DNA fragment of -0303 containing six open reading frames (ORFs) and two truncated ORFs. No sequence homology with holingenes was found within the cloned fragment. An integrase-encoding gene was also present in the fragment, butit was transcribed in a direction opposite that of the lysin gene. The lysin-encoding lys gene was verified by PCRamplification from the total phage DNA and subcloned. The lys gene is a 1,122-bp sequence encoding a proteinof 373 amino acids (Mur-LH), whose product had a deduced molecular mass of 40,207 Da. Comparisons withsequences in sequence databases showed homology with numerous endolysins of other bacteriophages.Mur-LH was expressed in E. coli BL21, and by renaturing sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresiswith L. helveticus CNRZ 892 as the substrate, the recombinant protein showed an apparent molecularmass of 40 kDa. The N-terminal sequence of the protein confirmed the start codon. Hydrolysis of cell walls ofL. helveticus CNRZ 303 by the endolysin and biochemical analysis of the residues produced demonstrated thatMur-LH has N-acetylmuramidase activity. Last, the endolysin exhibited a broad spectrum of lytic activity, asit was active on different species, mainly thermophilic lactobacilli but also lactococci, pediococci, Bacillussubtilis, Brevibacterium linens, and Enterococcus faecium.
Nonaqueous Electrolytes for Electrochemical Capacitors: Imidazolium Cations and Inorganic Fluorides with Organic Carbonates (1997)

Electrolytes based on 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium cation and either the hexafluorophosphate or tetrafluorborate anion in organic alkyl carbonate solvents have been evaluated for use in electrochemical capacitors The conductivity capacitance, limiting oxidation and reduction potentials, and thermal stability were assessed. High conductivity and capacitance values were found regardless of whether cyclic (high viscosity/high dielectric constant) or acyclic (low viscosity/low dielectric constant) alkyl carbonates were used. The best correlation with conductivity for the salt was found to be the molecular weight (κ ∝ 1/Mw) and to a lesser degree the viscosity (κ ∝ 1/η) of the solvent. The high specific capacitance (130 F/g) and excellent stability (>3.5 V, >130°C) make these electrolytes well suited for use in electrochemical double‐layer capacitors.
Genetic and Environmental Variation of Seed Yield, Yield Components, and Seed Protein Quantity and Quality of Cowpea1 (1973)

Pure line cultivars of cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) were grown in the field at Ile‐Ife, Nigeria, and the biotron and greenhouse at Madison, Wis., in both short‐ and long‐day environments to study yield, yield components, percent protein, and amino acid content of the mature seeds. Seeds/pod, 50‐seed wt, and methionine content demonstrated medium to high broad sense heritability and the other traits were medium to low. Genotypic variance components for 50‐seed wt, seeds/pod, percent protein, mg of methionine/g of flour and g of methionine/l00g of protein, and genotype ✕ location components for 50‐seed wt and percent protein were statistically significant and large enough to be of practical importance. Genotypic and phenotypic correlations of yield with 50‐seed wt were high and positive, whereas those for yield with percent protein, yield with methionine content, and 50‐seed wt with tryptophan content were negative and relatively high. ‘Producer,’ which is high in percent protein and yield, is a promising parent in crosses with Nigerian local cultivars
Interest-aware and bandwidth-efficient multicast group planning (2008)

In multicast group planning in tactical networks (TNs), one of the most important challenges is to maximize the efficient use of network and end-user resources. Hence, multicast groups should be planned cleverly such that the total shared link capacity in a multicast distribution tree is increased and the reception of unwanted traffic at receiver nodes is reduced to a maximum extent. In this paper, we propose a technique to generate a group configuration by estimating the link capacity shared by any two users in a shortest-path multicast tree to improve the branching characteristics such as height and breadth of the tree while reducing the unwanted traffic by considering overlapping user interests. A two-tier information dissemination system architecture for TNs, where a central planner controls many dissemination executives, is a typical application for multicast group planning techniques. We provide simulation results showing that, compared to existing group planning techniques, our approach generates multicast trees with improved branching characteristics while keeping the unwanted traffic within acceptable limits.
Emerging drugs for treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (2020)

A number of factors are driving the development of drugs to treat focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in particular and glomerulosclerosis in general including growing awareness of the burden of chronic kidney disease, improved scientific understanding of the mechanism of injury, and the development of noninvasive profiles to identify subgroups of patients with discrete mechanisms of glomerular injury.
Hydride affinities of cationic maingroup-element hydrides across the periodic table (2019)

We have quantum chemically explored the gas-phase hydride affinities (HA) of archetypical cationic Lewis acids across the periodic table, using relativistic density functional theory (DFT) at ZORA-BP86/QZ4P. One purpose of this work is to establish an intrinsically consistent set of values of the 298 K HAs of all cationic maingroup-element hydrides (XHn–1+) in which we have varied the central atom X along groups 14–17 and periods 2–6. Our main purpose is to understand the emerging trends in HA values in terms of the underlying bonding mechanism using Kohn-Sham molecular orbital (MO) theory together with a quantitative bond energy decomposition analysis (EDA).
Role of zinc-finger anti-viral protein in host defense against Sindbis virus (2015)

Accumulating evidence indicates that type I interferon (IFN) mediates the host protective response to RNA viruses. However, the anti-viral effector molecules involved in this response have not been fully identified. Here, we show that zinc-finger anti-viral protein (ZAP), an IFN-inducible gene, plays a critical role in the elimination of Sindbis virus (SINV) in vitro and in vivo. The loss of ZAP greatly enhances the replication of SINV but does not inhibit type I IFN production in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). ZAP binds and destabilizes SINV RNA, thereby suppressing the replication of SINV. Type I IFN fails to suppress SINV replication in ZAP-deficient MEFs, whereas the ectopic expression of ZAP is sufficient to suppress the replication of SINV in MEFs lacking the expression of type I IFN and the IFN-inducible genes. ZAP-deficient mice are highly susceptible to SINV infection, although they produce sufficient amounts of type I IFN. Therefore, ZAP is an RNA-sensing anti-viral effector molecule that mediates the type-I-IFN-dependent host defense against SINV.
Index compression vs. retrieval time of inverted files for XML documents (2002)

Query languages for retrieval of XML documents allow for conditions referring both to the content and the structure of documents. In this paper, we investigate two different approaches for reducing index space of inverted files for XML documents. First, we consider methods for compressing index entries. Second, we develop the new XS tree data structure which contains the structural description of a document in a rather compact form, such that these descriptions can be kept in main memory. Experimental results on two large XML document collections show that very high compression rates for indexes can be achieved, but any compression increases retrieval time. On the other hand, highly compressed indexes may be feasible for applications where storage is limited, such as in PDAs or E-book devices.
Assessing Normality in Random Effects Models (1989)

When one uses the unbalanced, mixed linear model $\mathbf{y}_i = \mathbf{X}_i\mathbf{\alpha} + \mathbf{Z}_i\mathbf{\beta}_i + \varepsilon_i, i = 1, \cdots, n$ to analyze data from longitudinal experiments with continuous outcomes, it is customary to assume $\varepsilon_i \sim_{\operatorname{ind}} \mathscr{N}(\mathbf{0}, \sigma^2\mathbf{I}_i)$ independent of $\mathbf{\beta}_i \sim_{\operatorname{iid}} \mathscr{N}(\mathbf{0,\Delta})$, where $\sigma^2$ and the elements of an arbitrary $\mathbf{\Delta}$ are unknown variance and covariance components. In this paper, we describe a method for checking model adequacy and, in particular, the distributional assumption on the random effects $\mathbf{\beta}_i$. We generalize the weighted normal plot to accommodate dependent, nonidentically distributed observations subject to multiple random effects for each individual unit under study. One can detect various departures from the normality assumption by comparing the expected and empirical cumulative distribution functions of standardized linear combinations of estimated residuals for each of the individual units. Through application of distributional results for a certain class of estimators to our context, we adjust the estimated covariance of the empirical cumulative distribution function to account for estimation of unknown parameters. Several examples of our method demonstrate its usefulness in the analysis of longitudinal data.
Design and Implementation of Color Two-Dimension Barcode with High Compression Ratio for Chinese Characters (2009)

Concerning the prevailing two-dimensional barcode with insufficient capacity and low compression ratio for Chinese character, a new color two-dimensional barcode is proposed here with large capacity and high compression ratio for Chinese character. Referring to data matrix barcode standard, the coding rule of Chinese character is considered in this paper. Through redesigning data coding method and decoding method, a color two-dimension barcode with both high compression ratio for Chinese character and relatively high capacity to store information is described. Compared with traditional black-and-white two-dimension barcode, this color two-dimension barcode can achieve better performance in compression ratio.
Rhododendrons (1934)

Sternberg. For the rhododendrons of our gardens are quite literally something new under the sun; there is nothing just like them in nature. Aristocratic cosmopolites, they came into being in Victorian Englandwhen species from the Old World and the New were sympathetically gathered by plant collectors and intelligently blended by a few hybridizers.
Diffraction par un Système Coin-miroir Parfaitement Conducteur (1974)

Ce travail a pour sujet la diffraction d'une onde électromagnétique, plane, polarisée rectilignement, par l'intervalle compris entre les surfaces parfaitement réfléchissantes d'un miroir plan et d'un coin d'angle droit dont l'arête est parallèle au miroir. Le raisonnement que nous proposons est basé sur l'emploi de l'identité de Green et la théorie des distributions. Il conduit à un système de deux équations intégrodifférentielles couplées qui décrit le champ diffracté et sa dérivée sur l'ouverture. Le champ diffracté en tout point de l'espace s'en déduit rigoureusement, sans restriction en ce qui concerne la distance à l'arête du coin. Un programme FORTRAN a été écrit pour un ordinateur I.B.M. 370/168.
Data from Cellular FLICE-Inhibitory Protein Down-regulation Contributes to Celecoxib-Induced Apoptosis in Human Lung Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor celecoxib is an approved drug in the clinic for colon cancer chemoprevention and has been tested for its chemopreventive and therapeutic efficacy in various clinical trials. Celecoxib induces apoptosis in a variety of human cancer cells including lung cancer cells. Our previous work has shown that celecoxib induces death receptor 5 expression, resulting in induction of apoptosis and enhancement of tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)–induced apoptosis in human lung cancer cells. In the current study, we further show that celecoxib down-regulated the expression of cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP), a major negative regulator of the death receptor–mediated extrinsic apoptotic pathway, through a ubiquitin/proteasome–dependent mechanism independent of COX-2 in human lung cancer cells. Overexpression of c-FLIP, particularly FLIP&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, inhibited not only celecoxib-induced apoptosis but also apoptosis induced by the combination of celecoxib and TRAIL. These results thus indicate that c-FLIP down-regulation also contributes to celecoxib-induced apoptosis and enhancement of TRAIL-induced apoptosis, which complements our previous finding that the extrinsic apoptotic pathway plays a critical role in celecoxib-induced apoptosis in human lung cancer cells. Collectively, we conclude that celecoxib induces apoptosis in human lung cancer cells through activation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway, primarily by induction of death receptor 5 and down-regulation of c-FLIP. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(23): 11115-9)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
High-Throughput Screening of Metal–Organic Frameworks for Macroscale Heteroepitaxial Alignment (2018)

The ability to align porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) on substrate surfaces on a macroscopic scale is a vital step towards integrating MOFs into functional devices. But macroscale surface alignment of MOF crystals has only been demonstrated in a few cases. To accelerate the materials discovery process, we have developed a high throughput computational screening algorithm to identify MOFs that are likely to undergo macroscale aligned heterepitaxial growth on a substrate. Screening of thousands of MOF structures by this process can be achieved in a few days on a desktop workstation. The algorithm filters MOFs based on surface chemical compatibility, lattice matching with the substrate, and interfacial bonding. Our method presents a simple and computationally efficient measure of the interfacial energy that considers both bond and defect formation at the interface. Further, we show that this novel approach is a better predictor of aligned heteroepitaxial growth than other, established, interface descriptors by testing our screening algorithm on a sample set of copper MOFs that have been grown heteroepitaxially on a copper hydroxide surface. Application of the screening process to several MOF databases, revealed that the top candidates for aligned growth on copper hydroxide comprise mostly MOFs with rectangular lattice symmetry in the plane of the substrate. This result indicates a substrate-directing effect that could be exploited in targeted synthetic strategies. We also identified that MOFs likely to form aligned heterostructures have broad distributions of in-plane pore sizes and anisotropies. Accordingly, this suggests that aligned MOF thin films with a wide range of properties may be experimentally accessible.
Development of a moving point source model for shipping emission dispersion modeling in EPISODE–CityChem v1.3 (2021)

Abstract. This paper demonstrates the development of a moving point source (MPS) model for simulating the atmospheric dispersion of pollutants emitted from ships under movement. The new model is integrated into the chemistry transport model EPISODE–CityChem v1.3. In the new model, ship parameters, especially speed and direction, are included to simulate the instantaneous ship positions and then the emission dispersion at different simulation time. The model was first applied to shipping emission dispersion modeling under simplified conditions, and the instantaneous and hourly averaged emission concentrations predicted by the MPS model and the commonly used line source (LS) and fixed point source (FPS) models were compared. The instantaneous calculations were quite different due to the different ways to treat the moving emission sources by different models. However, for the hourly averaged concentrations, the differences became smaller, especially for a large number of ships. The new model was applied to a real configuration from the seas around Singapore that included hundreds of ships, and their dispersion was simulated over a period of a few hours. The simulated results were compared to measured values at different locations, and it was found that reasonable emission concentrations were predicted by the moving point source model.
An Implementation of the User-Centric QoS Management Approach in Wireless Home Networks (2007)

Wireless networking technologies are becoming very popular for distribution of digital content throughout the home. However, media distribution is not ready yet to satisfy users' quality expectations in wireless networks. Due to bandwidth variations and high error rates, a number of quality of service (QoS) mechanisms have to be deployed in the network in order to guarantee a certain level of quality. We propose a user-centric QoS management approach based on user preferences. Unlike traditional QoS approaches that always give multimedia applications a pre-determined high priority due to their strict latency and loss requirements (e.g. Wi-Fi multimedia), the proposed approach classifies traffic according to user preferences, thus, ensuring a certain quality regardless of the application requirements. The application priorities are assigned according to user profiles and automatically updated in case of changes in the network or user environment. The implementation details and experimental results demonstrate a practical application of the described approach in the wireless home network. The paper suggests that the introduced management approach will significantly contribute to the overall user experience in digital home.
Patterns of Opioid Administration Among Opioid-Naive Inpatients and Associations With Postdischarge Opioid Use (2019)

The opioid epidemic has prompted development of guidelines to reduce opioid prescribing for patients at high risk for opioid use disorder. Many of these efforts have focused on patients seen in the...
Chromosome 8 (2017)

Abstract Chromosome 8 is a submetacentric chromosome containing about 5% of the euchromatic human genome. The total length of the chromosome has been estimated at 145 138 636 bp. Sequence analysis and annotation indicated that the chromosome contains 677 protein coding genes and 1031 noncoding genes. There are multiple online resources that provide sequence and mapping information for chromosome 8. These include the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) Map Viewer, the Mitelman Map, the Marshall Map and the OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man) Morbid Map. Compilations of these sources suggest that chromosome 8 contains approximately 223 phenotypes, diseases or syndromes. Of these, 45 have yet to be associated with specific genes. Notably, a region of the distal p‐arm on chromosome 8 has a strikingly high mutation rate. In this region, the majority of the genes are involved in development or signalling of the nervous system. Key Concepts Chromosomes contain gene clusters. Certain chromosomal regions contain high mutation rates. Many diseases and syndromes do not correspond to specific genes. A single gene can produce multiple phenotypes, disease and syndromes. Some syndromes are not directly linked to a specific gene or genes, but to chromosomal morphology.