gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Editorial Comment (1979)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Aug 1979Editorial Comment C. Lowell Parsons C. Lowell ParsonsC. Lowell Parsons More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)56319-3AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Editorial Comment." The Journal of Urology, 122(2), p. 188 © 1979 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 122Issue 2August 1979Page: 188 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1979 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information C. Lowell Parsons More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Representation Learning in Sensory Cortex: A Theory (2022)

We review and apply a computational theory based on the hypothesis that the feedforward path of the ventral stream in visual cortex’s main function is the encoding of invariant representations of images. A key justification of the theory is provided by a result linking invariant representations to small sample complexity for image recognition - that is, invariant representations allow learning from very few labeled examples. The theory characterizes how an algorithm that can be implemented by a set of “simple” and “complex” cells - a “Hubel Wiesel module” – provides invariant and selective representations. The invariance can be learned in an unsupervised way from observed transformations. Our results show that an invariant representation implies several properties of the ventral stream organization, including the emergence of Gabor receptive filelds and specialized areas. The theory requires two stages of processing: the first, consisting of retinotopic visual areas such as V1, V2 and V4 with generic neuronal tuning, leads to representations that are invariant to translation and scaling; the second, consisting of modules in IT (Inferior Temporal cortex), with class- and object-specific tuning, provides a representation for recognition with approximate invariance to class specific transformations, such as pose (of a body, of a face) and expression. In summary, our theory is that the ventral stream’s main function is to implement the unsupervised learning of “good” representations that reduce the sample complexity of the final supervised learning stage.
Lévy noise-induced transitions in gene regulatory networks (2017)

Important effects of noise on a one-dimensional gene expression model involving a single gene have recently been discussed. However, few works have been devoted to the transition in two-dimensional models which include the interaction of genes. Therefore, we investigate here, a quantitative two-dimensional model (MeKS network) of gene expression dynamics describing the competence development in the B. subtilis under the influence of Lévy as well as Brownian motions, where noises can do the B. subtilis a favor in nutrient depletion. To analyze the transitions between the vegetative and the competence regions therein, two deterministic quantities, the mean first exit time (MFET) and the first escape probability (FEP) from a microscopic perspective, as well as their averaged versions from a macroscopic perspective, are applied. The relative contribution factor (RCF), the ratio of non-Gaussian and Gaussian noise strengths, is adopted to implement optimal control in these transitions. Schematic representations indicate that there exists an optimum choice that makes the transition occurring at the highest probability. Additionally, we use a geometric concept, the stochastic basin of attraction, to exhibit a pictorial comprehension about the influence of the Lévy motion on the basin stability of the competence state.
Observing with NIKA2Pol from the IRAM 30m telescope : Early results on the commissioning phase (2020)

The NIKA2 polarization channel at 260 GHz (1.15 mm) has been proposed primarily to observe galactic star-forming regions and probe the critical scales between 0.01-0.05 pc at which magnetic field lines may channel the matter of interstellar filaments into growing dense cores. The NIKA2 polarime-ter consists of a room temperature continuously rotating multi-mesh HWP and a cold polarizer that separates the two orthogonal polarizations onto two 260 GHz KIDs arrays. We describe in this paper the preliminary results obtained during the most recent commissioning campaign performed in December 2018. We concentrate here on the analysis of the extended sources, while the observation of compact sources is presented in a companion paper [12]. We present preliminary NIKA2 polarization maps of the Crab nebula. We find that the integrated polarization intensity flux measured by NIKA2 is consistent with expectations. In terms of polarization angle, we are still limited by systematic uncertainties that will be further investigated in the forthcoming commissioning campaigns.
New eSSR and gSSR markers added to Australian barley maps (2006)

To enhance genetic maps of barley previously developed in Australia for identifying markers useable in molecular breeding, a new set of simple sequence repeat (SSR) and indel markers was added to the maps. These markers were developed through (i) database mining of barley expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences, (ii) comparative barley-rice genome analysis, and (iii) screening of a genomic library with SSR probes. The primer set selected for this study comprised 216 EST-SSR (eSSR) and 25 genomic SSR (gSSR) markers, which were screened for polymorphism on 4 doubled haploid (DH) or recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations. In total, 81 new markers were added to the maps, with good coverage on all 7 chromosomes, except 6H, which only had 2 new markers added. The marker order of previously published maps was re-evaluated by comparing recombination fractions calculated by 2 methods to discover the best position for each marker. The new SSR markers were then added to the updated maps. Several of these new markers are linked to important barley disease resistance genes such as those for cereal cyst nematode, spot form of net blotch, and leaf scald resistance, and are readily useable for marker-assisted barley breeding. The new maps are available on-line at www.genica.net.au.
Peritoneal macrophages from C57BL/6 mice orally immunized with Toxoplasma gondii antigens in association with cholera toxin possess an enhanced ability to inhibit parasite multiplication (1995)

Gamma-interferon (IFN-γ) has been reported to be a major mediator of resistance to toxoplasma infection, mainly through macrophage activation. Cholera toxin used as oral adjuvant induces enhanced protection. Following oral immunization of C57BL/6 mice with a Toxoplasma gondii sonicate (TSo), in association with either cholera toxin (CT) or its B subunit (CTB), the ability of primed sensitized peritoneal macrophages (PMϕ) to prevent T. gondii intracellular proliferation in vitro was examined both with and without rIFN-γ activation. Under these conditions, the inhibition of T. gondii multiplication was greatly enhanced in PMϕ from mice immunized with a TSo and CT as an oral adjuvant. In contrast, PMϕ from mice immunized with a TSo in association with CTB showed a decrease in their microbiostatic activity towards T. gondii. This negative effect on IFN-γ-treated PMϕ was cancelled out by the addition of a small amount of CT in association with TSo and CTB in the immunization regimen. These data suggest that CT could act as an oral adjuvant in vaccination against toxoplasmosis by increasing the microbiostatic activity of Mϕ activated with IFN-γ. Further studies, using intestinal effector cells such as enterocytes, are needed to confirm the value of CT for enhancing this major mechanism of protection against T. gondii infection.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON A SERIES OF CYCLOBUTANEDICARBOXYLIC ACIDS PART 7, SYNTHESIS AND CURARE‐LIKE ACTIVITY OF BISQUATERNARY SALTS OF ALKYLAMINO ESTERS OF P,P′‐SUBSTITUTED ALPHA‐TRUXILLIC ACIDS (1973)

Abstract Der aus Truxillinsäure (Ia) hergestellte Ester (II) läßt sich zu Verbindung (III) nitrieren, die mit Methyljodid zum Bisquartärsalz (IV) reagiert.
Escalonador de Pacotes para Transmissão por Multi-caminhos Não-Correlacionados em Redes Heterogêneas sem Fio (2018)

Esforços acadêmicos e industriais buscam melhorar o desempenho das redes heterogêneas sem fio para que ofereçam os requisitos míninos de latência e vazãoás aplicações sensíveis ao atraso, tais como jogos online, e fluxos de voz e vídeo. O Protocolo de Controle de Transmissão Multi-caminhos (MPTCP) foi projetado para atender a essa demanda. Ele provê um escalonador redundante, que replica os pacotes de dados em múltiplos caminhos, para contrabalançar os efeitos negativos da heterogeneidade. Entretanto, gargalos compartilhados entre os caminhos fim-a-fim reduzem os benefícios providos pelo escalonador. Desta forma, este trabalho apresenta RED (REdundant Diversity scheduling), um escalonador que prioriza a replicação dos pacotes por caminhos não-correlacionados. RED replica os pacotes nos caminhos com base no coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. Os resultados demonstram que RED prioriza o uso de caminhos com baixa correlação e reduz a sobrecarga na rede com um menor número de pacotes replicados, além de prover uma melhora significativa no desempenho da transmissão.
Natural substrates for the reconstruction of skin in vitro (1984)

Journal Article Natural substrates for the reconstruction of skin in vitro Get access M. REGNIER, M. REGNIER Centre International de Recherches Dermatologiqucs, Department of Cell Biology, Sophia Aniipolis, 06565 Valbonne, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. PAUTRAT, G. PAUTRAT Centre International de Recherches Dermatologiqucs, Department of Cell Biology, Sophia Aniipolis, 06565 Valbonne, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. PAULY, G. PAULY Laboratoires Serobiologiques, Nancy, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. PRUNIERAS M. PRUNIERAS Centre International de Recherches Dermatologiqucs, Department of Cell Biology, Sophia Aniipolis, 06565 Valbonne, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 111, Issue s27, 1 July 1984, Pages 223–224, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb15609.x Published: 01 July 1984
A review of the use of optimal transport distances for high resolution seismic imaging based on the full waveform (2022)

We consider the high-resolution seismic imaging method called full-waveform inversion (FWI). FWI is a data fitting method aimed at inverting for subsurface mechanical parameters. Despite the large adoption of FWI by the academic and industrial communities, and many successful results, FWI still suffers from severe limitations. From a mathematical standpoint, FWI is a large scale PDE-constrained optimization problem. The misfit function that is used, which measures the discrepancy between observed seismic data and data calculated through the solution of a wave propagation problem, is non-convex. After discretization, the size of the FWI problem requires the use of local optimization solvers, which are prone to converge towards local minima. Thus the success of FWI strongly depends on the choice of the initial model to ensure the convergence towards the global minimum of the misfit function. This limitation has been the motivation for a large variety of strategies. Among the different methods that have been investigated, the use of optimal transport (OT) distances-based misfit functions has been recently promoted. The leading idea is to benefit from the inherent convexity of OT distances with respect to dilation and translation to render the FWI problem more convex. However, the application of OT distances in the framework of FWI is not straightforward, as seismic data is signed, while OT has been developed for the comparison of probability measures. The purpose of this study is to review two methods that were developed to overcome this difficulty. Both have been successfully applied to field data in an industrial framework. Both make it possible to better exploit the seismic data, alleviating the sensitivity to the initial model and to various conventional workflow steps, and reducing the uncertainty attached to the subsurface mechanical parameters inversion.
High‐Performance, Vertical‐Type Organic Transistors with Built‐In Nanotriode Arrays (2007)

Organic static induction transistors with built-in nanotriode arrays formed in the lateral direction can be fabricated by using a colloidal-lithography technique, avoiding the need to use photolithography. The devices (see figure) demonstrate low operating voltages, high current output, and large transconductance, even though they use low-carrier-mobility materials.
A Novel Mean Stress-Independent Fatigue Model for Bonded Joints With Ductile Adhesives (2021)

Abstract A mean stress-independent lap shear fatigue model is proposed for Aluminum 2024 alloy Single Lap Joints (SLJ) that are bonded with ductile, polyurethane-based, adhesive. Fatigue data is generated in the High Cycle Fatigue range, for 4 values of mean stress and multiple levels of alternating load. Individual S-N curves are constructed, for each value of mean stress, and the results are statistically analyzed. A separate logarithmic regression of the entire pool of data is performed, considering maximum stress and fatigue life of the samples. The test data align along the same regression line. As a result, the amount of tests to perform for durability characterization of single lap joints bonded with ductile adhesive can potentially be reduced. High sampling frequency information of the displacement of the specimens during fatigue tests is periodically acquired and filtered. The creep-like curve describing the evolution of the mean displacement during the fatigue tests suggests that cold flow phenomena could trigger fatigue failure, rather than the propagation of a crack.
Model for oxygen recombination on silicon-dioxide surfaces (1991)

This paper addresses the problem of modeling the catalytic recombination of oxygen on silicon dioxide, the principal material making up the Space Shuttle thermal protection tiles. A new mechanism involving the surface oxygen of the silicon-dioxide matrix itself is proposed. The detailed rate equations describing the proposed mechanism are written and solved at steady state. The predicted rates are shown to match catalytic data specifically collected for the silicon-dioxide/oxygen system.
Parkinson's disease-related pattern (PDRP) identified using resting-state functional MRI: Validation study (2021)

Spatial covariance mapping of brain activity has been used increasingly with metabolic imaging to detect and quantify abnormal disease patterns in patient populations. Metabolic topographies such as the Parkinson's disease-related pattern (PDRP), while extensively validated, require access to positron emission tomography (PET) and radiation exposure. Recently, we developed a fully non-invasive approach to identify analogous disease networks with resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) using independent component analysis (ICA) and bootstrap resampling. We designated the original rs-fMRI PD topography as fPDRP<sub>NS</sub> after its site of identification at North Shore University Hospital (Manhasset, New York). In this study, we validated fPDRP<sub>NS</sub> in rs-fMRI scans of PD patients (n = 51; 25 training and 26 testing) and age-matched healthy control subjects (n = 25) acquired in Cologne, Germany. These scans were also used to identify an independent rs-fMRI PD pattern termed fPDRP<sub>COL</sub>. The resulting topography and expression levels (subject scores) were then compared to corresponding fPDRP<sub>NS</sub> values computed in the two populations. We found that fPDRP<sub>NS</sub> and fPDRP<sub>COL</sub> were topographically similar. Prominent contributions arose from the putamen, globus pallidus, pons, cerebellum, and thalamus, which have been linked to the core zone of the PDRP in prior studies. Indeed, a significant correlation was noted between core region weights on the two fPDRP topographies (r = 0.62, p < 0.005). Expression levels for fPDRP<sub>COL</sub> and fPDRP<sub>NS</sub> were significantly correlated in the patients scanned at each site (Cologne: r = 0.39, p < 0.01; North Shore: r = 0.65, p < 0.005). Abnormal elevations in fPDRP<sub>COL</sub> core expression were observed for both patient groups (Cologne: p = 0.01; North Shore: p = 0.05) compared to healthy controls. Correlations of fPDRP subject scores with clinical motor disability ratings were significant in each of the derivation samples (fPDRP<sub>COL</sub> p < 0.005 for Cologne patients; fPDRP<sub>NS</sub> p < 0.05 for North Shore patients); clinical correlations were less robust on out-of-sample testing. Of note, significant clinical correlations were observed (p < 0.05) when expression values were computed for the fPDRP core in isolation as opposed to the whole network. The findings demonstrate the reproducibility of fPDRP networks across patient populations, sites, and scanning platforms. Rs-fMRI may provide a non-invasive alternative to metabolic PET for the quantitative assessment of disease networks in the clinical setting.
Endusamycin, a novel polycyclic ether antibiotic produced by a strain of Streptomyces endus subsp. aureus. (1989)

Endusamycin formerly called CP-63,517 (C47H77O14Na), is a novel polycyclic ether antibiotic produced by a new strain of Streptomyces endus subsp. aureus (ATCC 39574). Recovery, fractionation and purification were achieved using standard procedures. Forms include the endusamycin free acid, mp 95 approximately 105 degrees C, lambda max 232 nm (log E 4.16), [alpha]25D +47.4 degrees (c 0.5, methanol) and a crystalline sodium salt, mp 215 approximately 220 degrees C, lambda max 232 nm, (log E 4.15), [alpha]25D +25 degrees (c 0.5, methanol). The structure is shown below, Fig. 1. Endusamycin exhibited; antibacterial activity, in vitro against Gram-positive and anaerobic bacteria, effectiveness against coccidia in poultry, and stimulation of propionic acid production in an in vitro system.
Crystal structure of 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyl)imidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate, (C9H21N2Si2)(CF3SO3) (2011)

Article Crystal structure of 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyl)imidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate, (C9H21N2Si2)(CF3SO3) was published on December 1, 2011 in the journal Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures (volume 226, issue 4).
Introduction (2014)

Over the course of more than three centuries of Romanov rule in Russia, foreign visitors and residents produced a vast corpus of literature conveying their experiences and impressions of the country. Ranging chronologically from 1613 to 1917, this is the most comprehensive bibliography of first-hand accounts of Russia ever to be published. Providing full bibliographical details and concise but informative annotation for each entry, this substantial bibliography will be an invaluable tool for anyone with an interest in contacts between Russia and the West during the centuries of Romanov rule.
Optogenetic Activation of Astrocytes—Effects on Neuronal Network Function (2021)

Optogenetics approach is used widely in neurobiology as it allows control of cellular activity with high spatial and temporal resolution. In most studies, optogenetics is used to control neuronal activity. In the present study optogenetics was used to stimulate astrocytes with the aim to modulate neuronal activity. To achieve this goal, light stimulation was applied to astrocytes expressing a version of ChR2 (ionotropic opsin) or Opto-α1AR (metabotropic opsin). Optimal optogenetic stimulation parameters were determined using patch-clamp recordings of hippocampal pyramidal neurons' spontaneous activity in brain slices as a readout. It was determined that the greatest increase in the number of spontaneous synaptic currents was observed when astrocytes expressing ChR2(H134R) were activated by 5 s of continuous light. For the astrocytes expressing Opto-α1AR, the greatest response was observed in the pulse stimulation mode (T = 1 s, t = 100 ms). It was also observed that activation of the astrocytic Opto-a1AR but not ChR2 results in an increase of the fEPSP slope in hippocampal neurons. Based on these results, we concluded that Opto-a1AR expressed in hippocampal astrocytes provides an opportunity to modulate the long-term synaptic plasticity optogenetically, and may potentially be used to normalize the synaptic transmission and plasticity defects in a variety of neuropathological conditions, including models of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.
Wavelength-tunable high-energy soliton pulse generation from a large-mode-area fiber pumped by a time-lens source (2011)

We demonstrate high-energy soliton generation from 1560 nm to 1700 nm using soliton self-frequency shift in a large-mode-area fiber. A 1.5 ps time-lens source at 1544 nm is used as the input source. The combination of a time-lens source and soliton self-frequency shift in a large-mode-area fiber enables a turn-key, high pulse quality, wavelength-tunable, energetic femtosecond source with arbitrary pulse repetition rate.
Design and Simulation for Moving Mechanism of BHS Head Rope Swift Replacing Equipment on Basis of CFD (2013)

As the BHS head rope swift replacing equipment's moving mechanism was belonged to the quantify overloaded hydraulic system control,the computer flow dynamics(CFD)was used to analyze the motion characteristic of parabola gradient throttling cushion cylinder in order to avoid the head rope wrap accident caused by the hydraulic shock,the characteristic equation of the parabola gradient throttling cushion cylinder during the cushion's three stages was gotten.The cylinder's displacement was studied with simulation,and the displacement and moving characteristic's curve was simulated based on the multi-disciplinary modeling and simulation platform AMESim.The results provide theoretical foundation for the design of BHS swift head rope replacement equipment.
A Rank Test for Two Group Concordance (1973)

A test statistic is introduced which allows one to test the hypothesis of agreement of several judges on the ranking of items within each of two groups and between the two groups. The groups of judges may be unequal in size. A normal approximation for the test statistic is developed. The relationship to existing techniques given by Kendall, Friedman, Page, Spearman, and Lyerly is discussed. A generalization of the coefficient of concordance is presented and the extension of the method to multi-group problems is suggested.
Controlled β-protonation and [4+2] cycloaddition of enals and chalconesvia N-heterocyclic carbene/acid catalysis: toward substrate independent reaction control (2012)

A substrate-independent selective generation of enolates over homoenolate equivalents in NHC-catalyzed reactions of enals and chalcones is disclosed. Acid co-catalysts play vital roles in control of the reaction pathways, allowing for individual access to diverse products from identical substrates.