gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Overall Nutritional and Sensory Profile of Different Species of Australian Wattle Seeds (Acacia spp.): Potential Food Sources in the Arid and Semi-Arid Regions (2019)

Wattle seed <i>(Acacia</i> spp.<i>)</i> is a well-known staple food within indigenous communities in Australia. A detailed investigation of the overall nutritional and sensory profile of four abundant and underutilized <i>Acacia</i> species-<i>A.</i> <i>coriacea</i>, <i>A.</i> <i>cowleana</i>, <i>A.</i> <i>retinodes</i> and <i>A.</i> <i>sophorae</i>-were performed. Additionally, molecular weight of protein extracts from the wattle seeds (WS) was determined. The seeds are rich in protein (23-27%) and dietary fibre (33-41%). Relatively high fat content was found in <i>A. cowleana</i> (19.3%), <i>A. sophorae</i> (14.8%) and <i>A. retinodes</i> (16.4%) with oleic acid being the predominant fatty acid. The seeds contained high amounts of essential amino acids (histidine, lysine, valine, isoleucine and leucine). <i>A.</i> <i>coriacea</i> is rich in iron (43 mg/kg), potassium (10 g/kg) and magnesium (1.7 g/kg). Pentose (xylose/arabinose), glucose, galactose and galacturonic acids were the major sugars found in the four species. Raw seeds from <i>A. sophorae</i>, <i>A. retinodes</i> and <i>A. coriacea</i> have the highest protein molecular weight, between 50-90 kDa, 80 kDa and 50-55 kDa, respectively. There was variation in the sensory profile of the WS species. This study showed that the four WS species have good nutritional value and could be included in human diet or used in food formulations.
Genomic Characterization of Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Hyalomma Tick from Spain, 2014 (2017)

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe tick-borne disease caused by CCHF virus (CCHFV). Ticks in the genus Hyalomma are the main vectors and reservoirs of CCHFV. In Spain, CCHFV was first detected in Hyalomma ticks from Cáceres in 2010. Subsequently, two autochthonous CCHF cases were reported in August 2016. In this study, we describe the characterization of the CCHFV genome directly from Hyalomma lusitanicum collected in Cáceres in 2014. Phylogenetic analyses reveal a close relationship with clade III strains from West Africa, with an estimated divergence time of 50 years. The results of this work suggest that CCHFV has been circulating in Spain for some time, and most likely originated from West Africa.
Monoclonal antibodies to salmonella lipopolysaccharide: functional analysis of anti-lipid A antibodies. (1988)

We have produced monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) to the Rb core and lipid A regions of Salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and have assessed their ability to inhibit LPS-mediated mitogenic responses in vitro, and to protect against LPS toxicity and lethal Salmonella infection in vivo. Monoclonal antibodies RC-8 and RC-16 were specific for LPS Rb core determinants, and MoAb LA-1, LA-2, LA-3, LA-4 and LA-5 were specific for lipid A. Anti-lipid A MoAb LA-2, LA-3 and LA-5 were found to abrogate mitogenic responses of C3H/HeN spleen cells to smooth S. typhimurium LPS (S LPS) and to rough S. minnesota R595 LPS (Re LPS). Monoclonal antibody LA-5 was effective in extending the median length of survival of C3H/HeN mice challenged with a lethal dose of either S LPS or Re LPS. Antibody LA-2 could extend the median length of survival of C3H/HeJ mice challenged with Re LPS but not with S LPS, and failed to extend significantly the length of survival of S LPS-challenged C3H/HeN and DBA/2 mice. Neither 20 micrograms of anti-Rb core or anti-lipid A MoAb nor 200 micrograms of anti-lipid A MoAb were able to protect C3H/HeN or BALB/c mice, respectively, against lethal infection with S. typhimurium SR-11. These results suggest that the importance of anti-lipid A antibodies in host defence may lie more in their ability to neutralize pathological effects of LPS, than in their ability to protect against bacterial infection.
A Passband Data-Driven Echo Canceller for Full-Duplex Transmission on Two-Wire Circuits (1977)

A digitally-implemented echo canceller operating at a rate greater than twice the highest passband frequency is proposed for fullduplex data transmission on a two-wire circuit. Located at each end of the communication circuit, the cancellers operate independently of the local receivers and do not require synchronization of the two data stations. Economies in storage and A/D conversion, in comparison with voice-type cancellers described in the literature, are achieved by accepting data symbols as reference input instead of samples of the transmitted line signal. Convergence of transversal filter tap weights is demonstrated under a mean-squared error criterion, and use of the real passband error rather than the complex analytic error is found to lead to the same residual error at the expense of a doubled convergence time. An operational protocol and adaptation algorithm are proposed which make possible both rapid start-up and slower adaptation during double talking. Provision is made for limiting the number and location of active taps on the transversal filter to those actually necessary for replicating the echo channel, resulting in two transversal filter sections of moderate length separated by a bulk delay. Results from a computer simulation of the proposed canceller are offered to demonstrate that convergence of mean-squared tap-weight error follows the predicted exponential characteristic, that the length of the bulk delay can be determined from a single channel sounding under typical channel noise conditions, and that the use of an averaged-gradient algorithm will allow the canceller to adapt, although slowly, to a change in the echo channel during full-duplex operation.
Bulk odd-frequency pairing in the superconducting Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model (2020)

The Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model describes fermions that hop on a one-dimensional chain with staggered hopping amplitude, where the unit cell contains two sites, or two sublattices. In this work we consider the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model with superconducting pairing and show that the sublattice index acts as an additional quantum number in the classification of Cooper pairs, giving rise to inter- and intrasublattice odd-frequency pair correlations in the bulk. Interestingly, this system behaves as a two-band superconductor where the bulk odd-frequency correlations depend solely on the intrinsic staggering properties of the model. In general, odd-frequency correlations coexist with even-frequency correlations in both the trivial and topological phases, with comparable and even larger odd-frequency amplitudes at the topological phase transition points at low frequencies, due to the closing of the energy gap at these points. Furthermore, we also discuss how bulk odd-frequency amplitudes are correlated with pseudogaps in the density of states and also with a charge density wave that appears due to the chemical potential imbalance between sublattices.
Blowing model for turbulent boundary-layer dust ingestion (1984)

Abstract : The rate at which dust is ingested into a turbulent boundary layer is deduced for the case of a semi-infinite flat plate and for the boundary layer behind a moving shock wave. Conventional turbulent boundary-layer theory is used. It is assumed that the local dust-ingestion rate corresponds to the 'blowing' rate at which the local unblown surface shear C(f,0) is reduced to a value C(f,t) that is just sufficient to maintain surface particles in a mobile state. It is further assumed that the particle-velocity equilibration distance is small compared with the local boundary-layer thickness. It is found that erosion rate and boundary-layer thickness parameters are weakly (logarithmically) dependent on C(f,O)/C(f,t) and the maximum dust loading within the boundary layer is approximately equal to one. The theoretical predictions for local erosion rate, boundary thickness, and dust density are compared with the limited experimental results of Hartenbaum and Ausherman for the semi- infinite flat plate and moving-shock cases, respectively. Agreement within about a factor of two is obtained. Further comparison with experiment is recommended.
Conquering Hepatitis C, Step by Step (2000)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the most common chronic blood-borne infection in the United States.1 In most of the estimated 2.7 million people who have the infection it has not been diagnosed, and most of those with a diagnosed infection have not been treated. Because the best current medical therapy is expensive, complex, relatively ineffective, and fraught with side effects, many physicians are understandably reluctant to offer it to their patients. Without a highly effective therapy, the condition of patients with hepatitis C continues to deteriorate until complications of cirrhosis develop. The infection progresses to end-stage liver disease in . . .
Model-based Bayesian signal extraction algorithm for peripheral nerves (2017)

HBSE significantly outperforms previous algorithms in extracting realistic neural signals, even in the presence of external noise sources. These results demonstrate the feasibility of extracting dynamic motor signals from a multi-fascicled intact nerve trunk, which in turn could extract motor command signals from an amputee for the end goal of controlling a prosthetic limb.
Association of Overexpression of Tumor Suppressor Protien p53 With Rapid Cell Proliferation and Poor Prognosis in Node-Negative Breast Cancer Patients (1992)

Overexpression of the p53 and c-erbB-2 proteins indicates a high malignant potential in ANN breast cancer, but it is not a significant prognostic factor independent of the cell proliferation rate. The correlation between overexpression of these proteins and an increased S-phase fraction suggests that they may confer a proliferative advantage to cancer cells in vivo.
On‐Demand Ambient Ionization of Picoliter Samples Using Charge Pulses (2015)

Abstract Relay electrospray ionization (rESI) from a capillary containing a sample solution (or from an array of such capillaries) is triggered by charge deposition onto the capillary. Suitable sources of primary ions, besides electrosprays, are plasma ion and piezoelectric discharge plasma sources. With no requirement for physical contact, high‐throughput sample screening is enabled by rapidly addressing individual secondary (sample) capillaries. Sub‐pL sample volumes can be loaded and sprayed. Polar analytes, including neurotransmitters, phosphopeptides, oligonucleotides, illicit drugs, and pharmaceutical compounds are successfully ionized by rESI with concentration sensitivities (0.1 ppb for acetylcholine) which are similar to nanoESI but absolute sensitivities are orders of magnitude better. Nonpolar analytes (steroids, alkynes) are ionized by rESI using an open‐tube secondary capillary and injecting electrolytically generated metal cations from the primary electrospray.
Data from Rab25 Regulates Invasion and Metastasis in Head and Neck Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the 10 most common cancers with a 50% five-year survival rate, which has remained unchanged for the past three decades. One of the major reasons for the aggressiveness of this cancer is that HNSCCs readily metastasize to cervical lymph nodes that are abundant in the head and neck region. Hence, discovering new molecules controlling the metastatic process as well as understanding their regulation at the molecular level are essential for effective therapeutic strategies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Rab25 expression level was analyzed in HNSCC tissue microarray. We used a combination of intravital microscopy in live animals and immunofluorescence in an &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; invasion assay to study the role of Rab25 in tumor cell migration and invasion.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; In this study, we identified the small GTPase Rab25 as a key regulator of HNSCC metastasis. We observed that Rab25 is downregulated in HNSCC patients. Next, we determined that reexpression of Rab25 in a metastatic cell line is sufficient to block invasion in a three-dimensional collagen matrix and metastasis to cervical lymph nodes in a mouse model for oral cancer. Specifically, Rab25 affects the organization of F-actin at the cell surface, rather than cell proliferation, apoptosis, or tumor angiogenesis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; These findings suggest that Rab25 plays an important role in tumor migration and metastasis, and that understanding its function may lead to the development of new strategies to prevent metastasis in oral cancer patients. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 19(6); 1375–88. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Enhanced endothelial cell functions on rosette nanotube-coated titanium vascular stents (2009)

Abstract: One of the main problems with current vascular stents is a lack of endothelial cell interactions, which if sufficient, would create a uniform healthy endothelium masking the underlying foreign metal from inflammatory cell interference. Moreover, if endothelial cells from the arterial wall do not adhere to the stent, the stent can become loose and dislodge. Therefore, the objective of this in vitro study was to design a novel biomimetic nanostructured coating (that does not contain drugs) on conventional vascular stent materials (specifically, titanium) for improving vascular stent applications. Rosette nanotubes (RNTs) are a new class of biomimetic nanotubes that self-assemble from DNA base analogs and have been shown in previous studies to sufficiently coat titanium and enhance osteoblast cell functions. RNTs have many desirable properties for use as vascular stent coatings including spontaneous self-assembly in body fluids, tailorable surface chemistry for specific implant applications, and nanoscale dimensions similar to those of the natural vascular extracellular matrix. Importantly, the results of this study provided the first evidence that RNTs functionalized with lysine (RNT–K), even at low concentrations, significantly increase endothelial cell density over uncoated titanium. Specifically, 0.01 mg/mL RNT–K coated titanium increased endothelial cell density by 37% and 52% compared to uncoated titanium after 4 h and three days, respectively. The excellent cytocompatibility properties of RNTs (as demonstrated here for the first time for endothelial cells) suggest the need for the further exploration of these novel nanostructured materials for vascular stent applications. Keywords: stents, nanotechnology, self-assembly, rosette nanotubes, endothelial cells, titanium
Leaf acclimation to experimental climate warming in meadow plants of different functional types (2016)

The use of open-top chambers (OTCs) installed in natural plant cover is one of the approaches to study plant responses to climate change. Three OTCs made from polyethylene film were installed on a herbgrass meadow in the subzone of the southern taiga before the beginning of the growing season. A significant increase in the average daily temperature values (by 0.5°C) and the relative humidity (by 10%) compared to control conditions was observed inside the chambers. Plant height, leaf parameters, and the pigments content were studied for six species of meadow plants during the growing season in two variants—inside the chamber and outside the chamber (control); more than 20 quantitative parameters of the mesophyll were studied for four of the species. It was found that the differences in microclimatic conditions had no effect on plant height and leaf area. A slight decrease in the thickness and density of the leaves and an increased water content were noted inside the OTCs. In contrast to weak changes in external leaf parameters, the internal leaf structure and the content of photosynthetic pigments varied considerably. Warming caused the reduction of the content of chlorophyll and carotenoids per unit leaf area in the majority of studied species, except for Veronica chamaedrys L., but the ratio of pigment forms did not change. Changes in the pigments content in the leaf were associated with some structural rearrangements in the mesophyll, whose mechanism depended on the functional properties of the species. Increased size of palisade cells and the number of chloroplasts per cell was noted in the ruderal species (R/CSR-strategist) Taraxacum officinale Wigg. s. l.; the reduction of chlorophyll content per leaf area occurred due to the decrease in chlorophyll content per a single chloroplast. Decreased number of cells and chloroplasts per leaf unit area without any changes in their size was marked for the species with S/CSR strategy Alchemilla vulgaris L. s. 1. and V. chamaedrys L. in a chamber, but the content of chlorophyll per a chloroplast increased. An increase in the number of cells and a simultaneous decrease in their size was observed in CR-strategist Cirsium setosum (Willd.) Bess. inside the OTC; the chlorophyll content per chloroplast did not change. It was concluded that the acclimation of plants to short-term climate warming was associated with the restructuring of leaf mesophyll, whose mechanism depended on the functional properties of the species.
Successful myocardial revascularization and neurologic recovery in a patient with prolonged refractory cardiac arrest and a chronically occluded left internal carotid artery. (1995)

Heretofore, the longest successfully treated cardiac arrest reported in the literature, secondary to myocardial ischemia, was one that required 45 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation before coronary bypass surgery. We present a unique case of successful resuscitation after a cardiac arrest secondary to myocardial ischemia. The arrest lasted 78 minutes (30 minutes of closed cardiac massage and 48 minutes of open cardiac massage). As soon as a perfusionist was available, cardiopulmonary bypass was initiated. After completion of the distal anastomosis and upon removal of the aortic cross clamp, the patient spontaneously recovered sinus rhythm for the 1st time since her cardiac arrest 2 hours and 10 minutes earlier. This 70-year-old woman, with a history of chronic occlusion of the left internal carotid artery, recovered fully, without evidence of neurologic or myocardial insult. We believe that vigorous closed and open cardiac massage, followed by cardiopulmonary bypass and the correction of myocardial ischemia, enabled this patient to survive a prolonged refractory cardiac arrest.
Pretreatment of the cervix with 9-deoxy-16,16-dimethyl-9-methylene-prostaglandin E2(Meteneprost) vaginal pessaries before first trimester legal abortion in nulliparae (1988)

SummaryIn a controlled double-blind trial 40 nulliparae admitted for first trimester legal abortion received a vaginal pessary containing 9-deoxy-16,16-dimethyl-9-methylene-prostaglandin E2, potassium salt, 10 mg (Meteneprost) or a matching placebo 3 hours before vacuum aspiration. The degree of cervical dilatation at the start of the abortion procedure was greater in the treated group than in the placebo group. Treatment also resulted in reduced bleeding after the abortion. Pre-operative side effects were minor apart from one case of uterine cramps. Meteneprost may be a safe and advantageous therapeutic adjunct to vacuum aspiration abortion.
Brønsted Acid Catalyzed PhSe Transfer versus Radical Aryl Transfer: Linear Codimerization of Styrenes and Internal Olefins (2015)

Brønsted acid p-TsOH·H2O-catalyzed hydrovinylation of styrenes with internal olefins α-oxo ketene dithioacetals was efficiently achieved in the presence of N-phenylselenophthalimide (N-PSP), regioselectively affording Markovnikov phenylselenative hydrovinylation products through PhSe transfer of the phenylseleno ketene dithioacetal intermediates. Radical reduction of the resultant PhSe-alkyl-substituted ketene dithioacetals with AIBN/n-Bu3SnH gave the corresponding anti-Markovnikov hydrovinylation products formally from the linear codimerization of styrenes and the internal olefins.
Emerging role of the KRAS-PDK1 axis in pancreatic cancer (2014)

Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive tumour that is very resistant to treatments and it is rarely diagnosed early because of absence of specific symptoms. Therefore, the prognosis for this disease is very poor and it has the grim supremacy in terms of unfavourable survival rates. There have been great advances in survival rates for many types of cancers over the past few decades but hardly any change for pancreatic cancer. Mutations of the Ras oncogene are the most frequent oncogenic alterations in human cancers. The frequency of KRAS mutations in pancreatic cancer is around 90%. Given the well-established role of KRAS in cancer it is not surprising that it is one of the most attractive targets for cancer therapy. Nevertheless, during the last thirty years all attempts to target directly KRAS protein have failed. Therefore, it is crucial to identify downstream KRAS effectors in order to develop specific drugs able to counteract activation of this pathway. Among the different signalling pathways activated by oncogenic KRAS, the phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) pathway is emerging as one of the most critical KRAS effector. In turn, PI3K activates several parallel pathways making the identification of the precise effectors activated by KRAS/PI3K more difficult. Recent data identify 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 as a key tumour-initiating event downstream KRAS interaction with PI3K in pancreatic cancer.
Formation and Growth of Crystal Bridges in Bulk Solids (2006)

Abstract Solidification and caking of bulk solids often occurs during storage or while being transported to the customer. To investigate the formation and growth of solid bridges between two discrete particles, the modification of the contact region between these two particles stored in a climatic chamber is examined. The effect of load, temperature, relative humidity, and storage time on the formation of a bridge is analyzed. The objective is to describe the behavior of crystalline or salt‐like granules under real storage conditions.
Identification of Industrial Land Parcels and Its Implications for Environmental Risk Management in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Urban Agglomeration (2019)

Due to rapid, sprawling urban and industrial development, urbanization in China has led to serious environmental pollution with subsequent risks to human well-being. Landscapes comprised of intermingled residential and industrial areas are common across China, which is a large challenge for effective urban planning and environmental protection. Being able to identify industrial land across the urban landscape is critical for understanding patterns of urban design and subsequent consequences for the environment. Here, we describe a method to quickly identify industrial parcels using points of interest (POIs) and large-scale spatial data. We used the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei urban agglomeration as a case study and identified 8325 square kilometers of industrial land, accounting for 30.7% of the total built land. Based on ground-truth randomly-sampled sites, the accuracy, precision, and recall of identified industrial areas were 87.1%, 66.4%, and 68.1%, respectively. Furthermore, we found that over 350 km2 of the industrial parcels were high human settlement risks and mainly were distributed in Tianjin and Tangshan city. Over 28.8% of the identified industrial land parcels might be at the risk of potential soil contamination. The results can be helpful in future urban planning and for identifying urban areas that are targets for implementing environmental risk management and remediation.