gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Firm Trial of Interdisciplinary Rounds on the Inpatient Medical Wards (1998)

Previous studies of interdisciplinary teams have failed to show statistically significant cost savings. This study involving more patients shows both cost and LOS decreases with the use of interdisciplinary teams. At the end of the 6-month trial, interdisciplinary rounds were instituted on all medicine inpatient services.
Biomass ash as alkaline activator in inorganic polymer synthesis (2015)

status: Published
Integration of auditory and vibrotactile stimuli: Effects of phase and stimulus-onset asynchrony (2009)

The perceptual integration of 250 Hz, 500 ms vibrotactile and auditory tones was studied in detection experiments as a function of (1) relative phase and (2) temporal asynchrony of the tone pulses. Vibrotactile stimuli were delivered through a single-channel vibrator to the left middle fingertip and auditory stimuli were presented diotically through headphones in a background of 50 dB sound pressure level broadband noise. The vibrotactile and auditory stimulus levels used each yielded 63%-77%-correct unimodal detection performance in a 2-I, 2-AFC task. Results for combined vibrotactile and auditory detection indicated that (1) performance improved for synchronous presentation, (2) performance was not affected by the relative phase of the auditory and tactile sinusoidal stimuli, and (3) performance for non-overlapping stimuli improved only if the tactile stimulus preceded the auditory. The results are generally more consistent with a "Pythagorean Sum" model than with either an "Algebraic Sum" or an "Optimal Single-Channel" Model of perceptual integration. Thus, certain combinations of auditory and tactile signals result in significant integrative effects. The lack of phase effect suggests an envelope rather than fine-structure operation for integration. The effects of asynchronous presentation of the auditory and tactile stimuli are consistent with time constants deduced from single-modality masking experiments.
Distribution of resources for paediatric cardiac surgery : registrar prize (2003)

Extracted from text ... REGISTRAR PRIZE 
15 
Distribution of resources for paediatric cardiac surgery 
1. Providing high quality tertiary service 
2. Triage and optimal use of resources 
3. Maintaining academic excellence 
References 
1. Jenkins KJ, Gauvreau K, New burger JW, Spray T, Moller JH, et al. 
Consensus-based method for risk adjustment for surgery for congenital 
heart disease. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2002; 123:110-8. 
2. Dept. of Health; Policy on Organ Transplantation and Chronic Renal 
Dialysis; 1 Nov 2001. 
3. Vanderdonk K, Annual Statistics 2002; Dept Of Cardio thoracic Surgery; 
Johannesburg General Hospital; University of the 
Witwatersrand. 
4. World Health Report (1997). Fighting disease, ..
Electron Scattering as a Probe of Nuclear Wave Functions in Solids (1973)

An experiment is proposed which uses fast electrons to probe the momentum distribution of hydrogen or deuterium nuclei in solids. For large momentum transfers $k\ensuremath{\gg}{p}_{\mathrm{nuclei}}$, the electrons scatter from single nuclei losing an amount of energy equal to the recoil energy of the nucleus Doppler-shifted by its initial motion. The differential cross section $\frac{{d}^{2}\ensuremath{\sigma}}{d\ensuremath{\Omega}d\ensuremath{\omega}}$ gives a direct measure of the momentum distribution of the nuclei. We discuss materials for which an experiment of this type would provide particularly interesting physical information.
ChemInform Abstract: A Short Synthesis of Natural (‐)‐Oblongolide via an Intramolecular or a Transannular Diels‐Alder Reaction. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Risks Associated With Ectoparasites of Wild Mammals in the Department of Quindío, Colombia (2006)

Animals impounded by local regulatory agencies could be used as a source of ectoparasites for monitoring vectors of zoonotic pathogens. In the period between
C.11 - VENTROMEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX PYRAMIDAL CELLS HAVE A TEMPORAL DYNAMIC ROLE IN RECALL AND EXTINCTION OF COCAINE-ASSOCIATED MEMORY (2020)

In addicts, associative memories related to the rewarding effects of drugs of abuse can evoke powerful craving and drug seeking urges, but effective treatment to suppress these memories is not available. Detailed insight into the neural circuitry that mediates expression of drug-associated memory is therefore of crucial importance. Substantial evidence from rodent models of addictive behavior points to the involvement of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) in conditioned drug seeking, but specific knowledge of the temporal role of vmPFC pyramidal cells is lacking. To this end, we used an optogenetics approach to probe the involvement of vmPFC pyramidal cells in expression of a recent and remote conditioned cocaine memory. In mice, we expressed Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) or Halorhodopsin (eNpHR3.0) in pyramidal cells of the vmPFC and studied the effect of activation or inhibition of these cells during expression of a cocaine-contextual memory on days 1–2 (recent) and ∼3 weeks (remote) after conditioning. Whereas optical activation of pyramidal cells facilitated extinction of remote memory, without affecting recent memory, inhibition of pyramidal cells acutely impaired recall of recent cocaine memory, without affecting recall of remote memory. In addition, we found that silencing pyramidal cells blocked extinction learning at the remote memory time-point. We provide causal evidence of a critical time-dependent switch in the contribution of vmPFC pyramidal cells to recall and extinction of cocaine-associated memory, indicating that the circuitry that controls expression of cocaine memories reorganizes over time.
Hydrogen production characteristics by plasma membrane reactor (2017)

The plasma membrane reactor (PMR) has been developed to produce hydrogen from ammonia, which are used in the hydrogen carrier energy systems. In commercial use, more hydrogen production efficiency is desired. An innovative plasma membrane reactor (flat plate type PMR) with the flow channel has been developed to solve the drawbacks of the cylindrical plasma membrane reactor. In this paper, NH3 decomposition characteristics of the flat plate type PMR were investigated as first experiment. Though the residence time of ammonia gas is very short in the flat plate type PMR, the plasma firing state is stable than that of the cylindrical PMR, and the power consumption is also very low. The maximum NH3 decomposition rate was attained 26.1 % at NH3 gas flow rate of 0.3 L/min, NH3 concentration of 0.498 %, and applied voltage of 15 kV. The energy efficiency of hydrogen production was improved.
Homogeneous Optical Properties of Semiconductor Nanocrystals (1996)

Abstract In between the molecular and bulk forms of matter, semiconductor nanocrystals are novel materials with interesting optical and electronic properties. We present a study of the homogeneous optical properties of two nanocrystal systems. First, the homogeneous absorption of InP nanocrystals is studied via hole burning experiments. The optical spectrum consists of a HOMO-LUMO transition with a 10 meV width and a second electronic transition shifted by 0.11 eV. The optical transitions are assigned within a three valence-band model. The CdS/HgS/CdS quantum-dot/quantum-well system is also investigated and a transmission electron microscopy study shows that the growth of the HgS well region and the CdS outer layer is epitaxial. Selective optical techniques are used to study the electronic level structure. In hole burning, a discrete transition (width of 7 meV) with pronounced phonon side bands at a frequency of 250 cm−1 is observed. In fluorescence, the line narrowed spectrum also shows phonon replicas at a similar frequency. The measurements provide direct evidence for charge localization in the low band gap HgS well region within this colloidally synthesized nano-heterostructure.
Spaced words and kmacs: fast alignment-free sequence comparison based on inexact word matches (2014)

In this article, we present a user-friendly web interface for two alignment-free sequence-comparison methods that we recently developed. Most alignment-free methods rely on exact word matches to estimate pairwise similarities or distances between the input sequences. By contrast, our new algorithms are based on inexact word matches. The first of these approaches uses the relative frequencies of so-called spaced words in the input sequences, i.e. words containing 'don't care' or 'wildcard' symbols at certain pre-defined positions. Various distance measures can then be defined on sequences based on their different spaced-word composition. Our second approach defines the distance between two sequences by estimating for each position in the first sequence the length of the longest substring at this position that also occurs in the second sequence with up to k mismatches. Both approaches take a set of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or protein sequences as input and return a matrix of pairwise distance values that can be used as a starting point for clustering algorithms or distance-based phylogeny reconstruction. The two alignment-free programmes are accessible through a web interface at 'Göttingen Bioinformatics Compute Server (GOBICS)': http://spaced.gobics.de http://kmacs.gobics.de and the source codes can be downloaded.
What to Do with CO2 (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEGuest CommentaryNEXTWhat to Do with CO2Edward J. MaginnView Author Information Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United StatesCite this: J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2010, 1, 24, 3478–3479Publication Date (Web):December 16, 2010Publication History Received23 November 2010Accepted23 November 2010Published online16 December 2010Published inissue 16 December 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jz101582chttps://doi.org/10.1021/jz101582ceditorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views4725Altmetric-Citations97LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (701 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Electrical energy,Energy,Fossil fuels,Salts,Solvents Get e-Alerts
The Mast Cell-Nerve Functional Unit: A Key Component of Physiologic and Pathophysiologic Responses (2012)

A key characteristic of mast cells appears to be an ability to span the division between nervous and immune system. Indeed, much of our understanding of the bi-directional relationship between the nervous and immune systems has come from the study of mast cell-nerve interaction. Although differences in species have been reported, morphologic as well as functional associations between mast cell and nerves are found in most tissues in many mammalian species, including humans. These interactions are involved in the regulation of physiologic homeostatic processes as well as in disease mechanisms. Here we discuss the influence of cholinergic and sensory neurons on mast cells as well as the importance of mast cell nerve interactions at specific tissue sites, including the brain.
Synthesis of Arrays Using Low Molecular Weight MPEG-Assisted Mitsunobu Reaction (2011)

Triphenylphosphine tagged with a short poly-(ethyleneglycol)-ω-monomethyl ether chain (light MPEG, 10−16 ethylenoxy units, (M)TPP-G2) and an MPEG-tagged version of diethyl azodicarboxylate ((M)DEAD) have been used to prepare a 20 member library of esters, ethers, and sulfonamides, with cLogP's in the range of 1.4−5.7 on a 0.1 mmol scale. Removal of MPEG-tagged side products was achieved by MPEG-assisted solid-phase extraction (MSPE) on prepacked silica columns to give the products in good yield and high purity.
Recent Advance on Vitamin D in Athletes (2021)

PURPOSE: Vitamin D plays important roles in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism. Since vitamin D receptors (VDRs) are located in a variety of organs, including skeletal muscle, vitamin D has potentially widespread effects. The purpose of this review was to summarize the current understanding of the effects of vitamin D on muscle function and exercise performance in athletes.METHODS: In this narrative review, we summarized previous studies by searching the literature in the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases.RESULTS: Vitamin D has been shown to regulate multiple actions in skeletal muscle tissue, such as myocyte proliferation and growth via genomic and non-genomic molecular pathways. Higher levels of vitamin D are associated with improved skeletal muscle function and exercise performance. Moreover, in some studies, vitamin D supplementation has beneficial effects on muscle strength in athletes, especially those who are vitamin D-deficient.CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D appears to have beneficial effects on muscle and exercise performance in athletes. However, more studies are needed to clarify the action and dosage of vitamin D in athletes.
Functional domains of the FSHD-associated DUX4 protein (2018)

Aberrant expression of the full-length isoform of DUX4 (DUX4-FL) appears to underlie pathogenesis in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). DUX4-FL is a transcription factor and ectopic expression of DUX4-FL is toxic to most cells. Previous studies showed that DUX4-FL-induced pathology requires intact homeodomains and that transcriptional activation required the C-terminal region. In this study, we further examined the functional domains of DUX4 by generating mutant, deletion, and fusion variants of DUX4. We compared each construct to DUX4-FL for (i) activation of a DUX4 promoter reporter, (ii) expression of the DUX4-FL target gene <i>ZSCAN4</i>, (iii) effect on cell viability, (iv) activation of endogenous caspases, and (v) level of protein ubiquitination. Each construct produced a similarly sized effect (or lack of effect) in each assay. Thus, the ability to activate transcription determined the extent of change in multiple molecular and cellular properties that may be relevant to FSHD pathology. Transcriptional activity was mediated by the C-terminal 80 amino acids of DUX4-FL, with most activity located in the C-terminal 20 amino acids. We also found that non-toxic constructs with both homeodomains intact could act as inhibitors of DUX4-FL transcriptional activation, likely due to competition for promoter sites.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Radial Position Detection of Magnetic Islands and Electron Cyclotron Power Deposition in the FTU Tokamak (2007)

A tokamak is a magnetic confinement machine capable to hold a hot thermonuclear plasma for controlled nuclear fusion energy production. The confined plasma is subject to magneto hydro dynamic (MHD) instabilities. Active control of such instabilities is important in order to improve the tokamak performances. This paper describes a method for measuring the position in the plasma of MHD instabilities. The suppression of this type of instability can be obtained by localized heating using electron cyclotron heating (ECH) systems. In the paper is also described the measurement principle for measuring the position in the plasma where the ECH power is deposited. Using this diagnostic tools for the estimation of the MHD instability and the ECH power deposition, effective stabilization can be achieved tracking the MHD instability location with the ECH power deposition. Experimental work done on the Italian FTU tokamak in this field is reported.
Generation of Subwavelength Plasmonic Nanovortices via Helically Corrugated Metallic Nanowires (2015)

We demonstrate that plasmonic helical gratings consisting of metallic nanowires imprinted with helical grooves or ridges can be used efficiently to generate plasmonic vortices with radius much smaller than the operating wavelength. In our proposed approach, these helical surface gratings are designed so that plasmon modes with different azimuthal quantum numbers (topological charge) are phase-matched, thus allowing one to generate optical plasmonic vortices with arbitrary topological charge. The general principles for designing plasmonic helical gratings that facilitate efficient generation of such plasmonic vortices are derived and their applicability to the conversion of plasmonic vortices with zero angular momentum into plasmonic vortices with arbitrary angular momentum is illustrated in several particular cases. Our analysis, based both on the exact solutions for the electromagnetic field propagating in the helical plasmonic grating and a coupled-mode theory, suggests that even in the presence of metal losses the fundamental mode with topological charge m = 0 can be converted to plasmon vortex modes with topological charge m = 1 and m = 2 with a conversion efficiency as large as 60%. The plasmonic nanovortices introduced in this study open new avenues for exciting applications of orbital angular momentum in the nanoworld.
Beat-to-Beat Hemodynamic Monitoring During Electroconvulsive Therapy (2011)

Noninvasive beat-to-beat BP measurements are feasible during ECT and may be used to guide rapid therapeutic interventions during ECT-induced hemodynamic effects.
The Usefulness of New Hydroxyapatite as a Pulp Capping Agent in Rat Molars (2006)

To evaluate the usefulness of new hydroxyapatite (HAP) as a pulp capping agent, comparisons with a calcium hydroxide agent (calvital®) and formocresol, which are generally used for pulpotomy, were performed. Serial changes in pH in these materials were investigated. Furthermore, after pulpotomy in rat molars using each material, the degree of the formation of dentine-like hard tissue and inflammatory changes in the pulp tissue were micro CT radiographically and patho-histologically examined. It has been reported that calvital® was a strong alkali (≥pH 12) causes a high level of pulp irritation, which were same as our result. The new sintered hydroxyapatite was almost neutral in pH, with a low level of pulp irritation. Furthermore, as a result of micro CT radiographical and histopathological evaluation, dentin-like hard tissue formation underneath the sectioned pulp surface was most marked in the calvital® group, and no dentin-like hard tissue formation underneath the sectioned pulp surface was noted in the HAP group. However, the HAP group developed no necrotic layers, and inflammation improved at an earlier stage.Our experiments suggested that HAP can be a good pulp capping agent, since pulp irritation was lower with HAP than with calvital® and formocresol.
A Hessian-free algorithm for solving quadratic optimization problems with nonlinear equality constraints (2016)

The classical method to solve a quadratic optimization problem with nonlinear equality constraints is to solve the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) optimality conditions using Newton's method. This approach however is usually computationally demanding, especially for large-scale problems. This paper presents a new algorithm which is more computationally efficient, since it does not require either additional optimization variables or computation of the Hessian matrix. It is proven that the proposed algorithm converges locally to a solution of the KKT optimality conditions. An application example is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Pain Interference: A Conceptual Model for the Role of Insomnia, Fatigue, and Pain Catastrophizing (2022)

The proposed conceptual model highlights the role of multiple potentially modifiable factors, including insomnia, pain catastrophizing, and fatigue, contributing to worse pain interference in people with IBD.
EMERGING VIRAL AND OTHER DISEASES OF PROCESSING TOMATOES: BIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT (2013)

Processing tomatoes are affected by numerous plant diseases, many of which can cause substantial economic losses. Because processing tomatoes are produced worldwide and in a wide diversity of environments, the diseases and their relative importance vary from region to region. Human activity has played a key role in the emergence of these diseases, ranging from the exposure of tomato, a New World crop, to new pathogens, many of which found tomato to be a highly susceptible new host, to the global spread of tomato disease-causing pathogens. Some of these pathogens have subsequently been spread, long-distance, in association with seeds or transplants, whereas others (mostly viruses) have spread in association with their insect vectors. The global emergence of whiteflies and thrips, has facilitated the emergence and spread of previously known as well as new viruses vectored by these insects. Expansion of processing tomato production into new areas, together with changes in cultural practices, has led to re-emergence of diseases, including fungal and bacterial foliar blights and soil borne diseases. Furthermore, because these pathogens can change in terms of their relative importance, distribution and genetic make-up, the diseases they cause represent a constant threat to worldwide processing tomato production. Fortunately, considerable progress has been made in identifying, understanding and managing these diseases. New detection technologies, fueled by advances in molecular biology, allow for rapid and specific identification of pathogens/diseases. Electronic communication provides opportunities for long-distance diagnostics. Improved insight into pathogen biology allows for development of management strategies based on multiple strategies, including tomato varieties with resistance to many important pathogens/diseases. Together, this allows for the development of integrated pest management (IPM) approaches that can be tailored for diseases in specific environments/regions. Examples of successful IPM packages for the viral diseases tomato yellow leaf curl and tomato spotted wilt are presented.
Lytic Growth of Human Herpesvirus 8: Morphological Aspects (2000)

The human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), also known as Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, is a gamma herpesvirus associated with AIDS-related body cavity-based lymphomas (BCBL), also called primary effusion lymphomas (PEL). These are a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in which HHV-8 is present, often associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. HHV-8 is also present in a latent state or in a state of low-level persistence in different primary effusion lymphoma-derived cell lines, such BCBL-1 cells, that lack EBV infection. This cell line was induced to produce mature virions by treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and the characteristic ultrastructural features of HHV-8 lytic replication were identified and compared to those of the other members of Herpesviridae family.