gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Navigating in virtual environments with 360&#x00B0; omnidirectional rendering (2013)

Typical field-of-view (fov) of visual feedback in virtual reality applications is generally limited. In some cases, e.g. in videogames, the provided fov can be artificially increased, using simple perspective projection methods. In this paper, we design and evaluate different visualization techniques, inspired by the cartography domain, for navigating in virtual environments (VE) with a 360° horizontal fov of the scene. We have conducted an evaluation of different methods compared to a rendering method of reference, i.e. a perspective projection, in a basic navigation task. Our results confirm that using any omnidirectional rendering method could lead to more efficient navigation in terms of average task completion time. Among the different 360° projection methods, the subjective preference was significantly given to a cylindrical projection method (equirectangular). Taken together, our results suggest that omnidirectional rendering could be used in virtual reality applications in which fast navigation or full and rapid visual exploration are important. They pave the way to novel kinds of visual cues and visual rendering methods in virtual reality.
A simple open source bioinformatic methodology for initial exploration of GPCR ligands’ agonistic/antagonistic properties (2020)

Drug development is an arduous procedure, necessitating testing the interaction of a large number of potential candidates with potential interacting (macro)molecules. Therefore, any method which could provide an initial screening of potential candidate drugs might be of interest for the acceleration of the procedure, by highlighting interesting compounds, prior to in vitro and in vivo validation. In this line, we present a method which may identify potential hits, with agonistic and/or antagonistic properties on GPCR receptors, integrating the knowledge on signaling events triggered by receptor activation (GPCRs binding to G<sub>α,β,γ</sub> proteins, and activating G<sub>α</sub> , exchanging GDP for GTP, leading to a decreased affinity of the G<sub>α</sub> for the GPCR). We show that, by integrating GPCR-ligand and G<sub>α</sub> -GDP or -GTP binding in docking simulation, which correctly predicts crystallographic data, we can discriminate agonists, partial agonists, and antagonists, through a linear function, based on the ΔG (Gibbs-free energy) of liganded-GPCR/G<sub>α</sub> -GDP. We built our model using two G<sub>αs</sub> (β2-adrenergic and prostaglandin-D<sub>2</sub> ), four G<sub>αi</sub> (μ-opioid, dopamine-D3, adenosine-A1, rhodopsin), and one G<sub>αo</sub> (serotonin) receptors and validated it with a series of ligands on a recently deorphanized G<sub>αi</sub> receptor (OXER1). This approach could be a valuable tool for initial in silico validation and design of GPRC-interacting ligands.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Gli Activity Correlates with Tumor Grade in Platelet-Derived Growth Factor–Induced Gliomas (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Gli Activity Correlates with Tumor Grade in Platelet-Derived Growth Factor–Induced Gliomas
3D‐printed GRIN tools for synchrospeed polishing (2023)

Abstract Additive technologies allow the flexible production of gradient index (GRIN) polishing tools with specifically adaptable removal functions. These were successfully developed and investigated for synchrospeed polishing.
Significance of Cyclin D1 Polymorphisms in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer (2012)

Cyclin D1 plays a key role in cell cycle control, particularly in the transition from G1 to S phase, regulated by cyclin-dependent kinases. The objective of the present study was to screen the cyclin D1 gene (CCND1) for polymorphisms in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples of 380 HNC patients and 350 controls. In a hospital-based case-control study using the PCR-SSCP technique we found 3 novel germline mutations: g3578C&gt;A, g3475G&gt;C and g3383delA. The commonly reported guanine to adenine polymorphisms in exon 4 g7656G&gt;A (rs9344) and g10861C&gt;A (rs7177) in 3'UTR of CCND1 were also observed. The calculated frequencies of the g7656G&gt;A (rs9344) polymorphism in GG, GA and AA genotypes were 27.3%, 38.6%, and 33.9% in HNC cases, and 44.2%, 29.4%, and 26.2% in normal healthy controls, respectively. Adjusted by age (in years), sex and smoking status, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the AA and GA genotypes were associated with a significantly increased risk (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.03-1.64, p=0.028) for HNC. The CCND1 AA genotype variant was associated with an increased risk in individuals who were &lt;40 years old (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.02-2.08, p=0.04). In conclusion, it is suggested that the CCND1 G/A polymorphism is associated with the early onset of HNC and may contribute to HNC susceptibility in a Pakistani population.
Abstract 16433: Protection Conferred by Y-chromosome Against Hypoxia-induced Pulmonary Hypertension is Not Due to Ddx3y Gene (2015)

Introduction: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic pulmonary vascular disease characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressures and vascular remodelling leading to right ventricular failure. It is 4 times more likely to occur in females than males. The reasons for the female predominance or male protection are still not fully elucidated. Our previous work showed that in gonadectomized (GDX) Four Core Genotypes (FCG) mice (XX and XY males, XX and XY females, C57BL6/J), XY mice having a Y-chromosome (XYM, XYF) develop less severe PH than the XX mice lacking a Y-chromosome (XXM, XXF). Hypothesis: Protection against hypoxia-induced PH in gonadectomized mice is due to the presence of Y-chromosome and not due to the number of X-chromosomes. We also examined the role of a Y-chromosome gene Ddx3y, a cellular growth suppressor expressed consistently in the lungs and heart in protection against PH. Methods: Here we used GDX XY* C57BL/6J mouse model which allows us to have male mice with XY or XXY and female mice with XX or XO genotypes (n=5/group). In addition we also used XX female mice with and without a transgenic copy of Y-chromosome gene Ddx3y (n=10/group). Mice were gonadectomized at day-75 and 4-weeks after gonadectomy, were exposed to hypoxia (10% O2) for 3-weeks. RVSP was measured through direct catheterization. Results: In the GDX XY* model, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) in mice with Y-chromosome (XY=33.5±0.6, XXY=32±2mmHg) was significantly lower than that of mice without a Y-chromosome (XO=38.7±2, XX=41.5±3.8, P&lt;0.05). We concluded that presence of Y-chromosome confers protection against PH in GDX mice. Four Y-chromosome genes are expressed consistently in the lungs and heart (Ddx3y, Kdm5d, Uty, Eif2x3y) and are thus candidate protective genes. We did not find a significant difference between the RVSP of XX mice with or without a transgenic copy of Ddx3y. Conclusions: We conclude that Y-chromosome confers protection against hypoxia-induced PH in GDX mice which is not due to Ddx3y gene. Next we plan to investigate effects of the other Y-chromosome candidate genes Kdm5d, Uty, and Eif2x3y.
Chaos in Dynamical Systems (2002)

Over the past two decades scientists, mathematicians, and engineers have come to understand that a large variety of systems exhibit complicated evolution with time. This complicated behavior is known as chaos. In the new edition of this classic textbook Edward Ott has added much new material and has significantly increased the number of homework problems. The most important change is the addition of a completely new chapter on control and synchronization of chaos. Other changes include new material on riddled basins of attraction, phase locking of globally coupled oscillators, fractal aspects of fluid advection by Lagrangian chaotic flows, magnetic dynamos, and strange nonchaotic attractors. This new edition will be of interest to advanced undergraduates and graduate students in science, engineering, and mathematics taking courses in chaotic dynamics, as well as to researchers in the subject.
Multi-Parameter Measurements in a Blast Furnace Using Interactions of Neutrons and ^|^gamma;-rays (1998)

This paper describes the possibility of multi-parameter measurements to meet the requirements for more precise and stable control of a blast furnace. A basic concept of such measurements is to make use of multi-radiations of neutrons and γ-rays, and to obtain multi-types of information on conditions of materials (iron ore and coke) inside the blast furnace.A prototype gauge was assembled and examined which consisted of a radiation source of 252Cf, a neutron moderator, a lead shield, a bismuth germanate detector, a stainless casing and a control unit. Laboratory experiments showed that the gauge could measure the quantities to be essential to estimate material conditions. In practice, it clearly distinguished between iron ore and coke layers, and at the same time measured bulk density of iron contained in iron ore by counting thermal neutron capture γ-rays from iron. It also gave the information on material bulk density by detecting Compton scattered γ-rays from material, i.e. iron ore and coke. Finally, reducibility of iron ore was calculated by using both bulk densities. Relative accuracy of measurements was reasonable in practical use.The possibility of realization of the gauge has been proved and the on-line trial will be expected in the near future.
Abstract 5000: Tolerogenic transcription regulator Foxp3 controls the expression of immunosuppressive cytokines in melanoma cells (2011)

Abstract Foxp3 is a critical transcription regulator that is found commonly expressed in a subset of immunosuppressive CD4+/CD25+ T cells characterized as regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the immune system. Foxp3 is a member of the forkhead/winged-helix family of transcriptional regulators exhibiting both, activation and repression of transcription. Foxp3 is critically important for the development and function of Tregs and the consequent definition of immune-tolerance. Ectopic Foxp3 expression has been shown to -phenotypically and functionally- convert T cells to Tregs. Recently, we have characterized the expression of Foxp3 in a variety of human and mouse cancerous cells, either in tissue or in cultured cell lines. Although of cardinal importance, the specific role and mechanisms involved in the Foxp3-mediated immunosuppressive activity remains elusive. Thus, we hypothesize that tumor-derived Foxp3 is controlling the transcriptional expression of immunosuppressive cytokines by tumor cells and inducing immunotolerance in the tumor microenvironment. We have tested this hypothesis by interrogating the well-characterized B16-C57BL/6 syngeneic mouse model of melanoma. Foxp3-expressing B16-F0 cells (B16-Foxp3+) where specifically and stably knockdown for Foxp3 expression by lentivirus-mediated shRNA (B16-Foxp3-). In order to determine the specific role and mechanisms of melanoma-derived Foxp3 in controlling the expression of immunosuppressive cytokines generated by melanoma cells, we have evaluated the differential cytokine expression profile between the B16Foxp3+ and the B16-Foxp3- cultured cells using Multiplex Bead Immunoassay, Immunoblotting Assay of Proteins and Semiquantitative RT-PCR. Our results demonstrated that the suppression of expression of Foxp3 in melanoma cells showed a significant downregulation of a selected group of immunosuppressive cytokines, in particular IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, TNF-alpha and GM-CSF. In contrast, Foxp3 did not have an appreciable effect on the expression of IL-1, IL-2, IL-5, and IFN-gamma. Altogether, our data suggest the specific role of tumor-derived expression of FOXP3 in the control of the expression of tolerogenic/immunosuppressive cytokines secreted by melanoma cells to the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, selective suppression of Foxp3 expression and/or activity in cancerous cells may help to develop better and more effective targeted immunotherapy as treatment for malignant melanoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5000. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5000
Figure S3 from Dual Inhibition of CDK4 and CDK2 via Targeting p27 Tyrosine Phosphorylation Induces a Potent and Durable Response in Breast Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Fig. S3 shows the viability plots for MDA MB231 cells treated with different concentrations of PD.&lt;/p&gt;
The Two Major Plant Plasma Membrane H+-ATPases Display Different Regulatory Properties (2001)

The major plant plasma membrane H(+)-ATPases fall into two gene categories, subfamilies I and II. However, in many plant tissues, expression of the two subfamilies overlaps, thus precluding individual characterization. Yeast expression of PMA2 and PMA4, representatives of the two plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase subfamilies in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia, has previously shown that (i) the isoforms have distinct enzymatic properties and that (ii) PMA2 is regulated by phosphorylation of its penultimate residue (Thr) and binds regulatory 14-3-3 proteins, resulting in the displacement of the autoinhibitory C-terminal domain. To obtain insights into regulatory differences between the two subfamilies, we have constructed various chimeric proteins in which the 110-residue C-terminal-encoding region of PMA2 was progressively substituted by the corresponding sequence from PMA4. The PMA2 autoinhibitory domain was localized to a region between residues 851 and 915 and could not be substituted by the corresponding region of PMA4. In contrast to PMA2, PMA4 was poorly phosphorylated at its penultimate residue (Thr) and bound 14-3-3 proteins weakly. The only sequence difference around the phosphorylation site is located two residues upstream of the phosphorylated Thr. It is Ser in PMA2 (as in most members of subfamily I) and His in PMA4 (as in most members of subfamily II). Substitution of His by Ser in PMA4 resulted in an enzyme showing increased phosphorylation status, 14-13-3 binding, and ATPase activity, as well as improved yeast growth. The reverse substitution of Ser by His in PMA2 resulted in the failure of this enzyme to complement the absence of yeast H(+)-ATPases. These results show that the two plant H(+)-ATPase subfamilies differ functionally in their regulatory properties.
Angiotensin II signal transduction in smooth muscle cells: Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE-1) kinases as mediators of the hypertensive phenotype (2000)

Angiotensin II is a multi-functional agonist for vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), stimulating increases in oxidative stress, cell growth, and ion flux. Because increased activity of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system is associated with hypertension we studied cellular targets by which angiotensin II could stimulate VSMC growth and regulate vascular tone. The signal transduction events activated by angiotensin II are similar to those activated by serum and include stimulation of phospholipase C, protein kinase C, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), tyrosine kinases such as c-Src, and Na+/H+ exchange. In VSMC derived from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) angiotensin II and serum stimulated increased growth and Na+/H+ exchange compared to normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) VSMC(1). Analysis of Na+/H+ exchanger mRNA expression showed that only NHE-1 was expressed in VSMC. There was no increase in NHE-1 protein or mRNA in SHR suggesting that increased activity was due to altered regulation(2). Ng and colleagues showed increased NHE-1 phosphorylation in SHR suggesting that a kinase was responsible (3). Using GST-NHE-1 fusion proteins as substrates we identified a 90 kD NHE-1 kinase by in-gel-kinase assay that exhibited increased activity in SHR VSMC stimulated by angiotensin II (4). This kinase was identified as p90RSK by immune depletion and by responses to agonists and antagonists(5). By analysis of phosphorylation of several GST-NHE-1 fusion proteins, we predicted that the site phosphorylated by p90RSK was serine 703. To prove this hypothesis, PS127A cells that overexpress NHE-1 were metabolically labeled with 32P-orthophosphate and stimulated by serum. Two dimensional tryptic phosphopeptide mapping of immunoprecipitated NHE-1 revealed an 11.2 ± 0.4 fold-increase in phosphorylation of 1 peptide. This peptide co-migrated with an in vitro p90RSK-phosphorylated, HPLC purified peptide (IGpDPLAYEPK), where S = 703. These findings establish p90RSK as the first serum stimulated NHE-1 kinase and identify serine 703 in NHE-1 as the site of phosphorylation. Because ROS are generated by angiotensin II, we assessed the effects of H2O2 to activate ERK1/2, p90RSK, Src and BMK1 in perfused guinea pig hearts. H2O2 (100 μM) significantly activated all kinases(6). By implication, alterations in regulation of p90RSK and its upstream activators may be pathogenic mechanisms for essential hypertension and cardiovascular manifestations of oxidative stress.
In vivo 3D high resolution cardiac diffusion weighted MRI: a motion compensated diffusion-prepared balanced steady-state free precession approach (2014)

Cardiac diffusion-weighted MRI has the potential to identify acute myocardial infarction, myocarditis, and myocardial fibrosis The aim of this study was to implement and optimize a novel application of diffusion-prepared bSSFP to perform in vivo cardiac diffusion-weighted MRI.
Inflammation of the hind limb as a model of unilateral, localized pain: influence on multiple opioid systems in the spinal cord of the rat (1988)

Inoculation of the right hind paw with Mycobacterium butyricum rapidly led to swelling and inflammation. The afflicted limb showed an enhanced sensitivity to noxious pressure (hyperalgesia) and a reduced sensitivity to noxious heat 24 h following treatment. Both naloxone and MR 2266 (which has greater activity at kappa-opioid receptors) further increased the sensitivity to pressure (that is, potentiated the hyperalgesia) but did not affect the response to heat. They did not affect the response of the uninflamed paw. At 1 week, only MR 2266 was effective. At both 24 h and 1 week, the inflamed paw showed pronounced supersensitivity to the antinociceptive action of morphine against noxious pressure. At both 24 h and (to a greater extent) 1 week, a rise in levels of immunoreactive (ir)-dynorphin (DYN) was seen in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord. There was no alteration in the contralateral dorsal horn or in either ventral horn. Furthermore, levels of ir-met-enkephalin (ME) and ir-leu-enkephalin (LE) were unaffected. There was no difference in the density of mu-, delta- or kappa-binding sites in any part of the lumbar cord, at either 24 h or 1 week, between ipsilateral and contralateral tissue. By 3 and 5 weeks postinoculation, the symptoms had spread to the contralateral hind limb and ir-DYN was elevated in the contralateral dorsal horn and the ipsilateral ventral horn. At 5 weeks, levels of ir-ME and ir-LE also were increased in the ipsilateral and contralateral dorsal horns, but not in the contralateral ventral horn. Furthermore, levels of ir-DYN were increased in the cervico-thoracic spinal cord, and rats displayed adrenal hypertrophy and a rise in plasma levels of ir-beta-endorphin (beta-EP). These data indicate: (1) Peripheral inflammation localized to a single limb selectively modifies levels of ir-DYN in ipsilateral dorsal horn. The effect is specific to DYN as compared to ME and LE. The density of mu-, delta-, or kappa-receptors in the lumbar spinal cord is unmodified. (2) The altered response to opioid agonists and antagonists shown by rats with an inflamed limb may be selective to the injured tissue. (3) Alterations in opioid systems associated with unilateral hind limb inflammation may not be exclusively chronic in nature: they appear very rapidly (within 24 h) of the induction of pain. With time, the contralateral limb becomes affected and, eventually, the effects resemble those seen with generalized polyarthritis.
GVGrid: A QoS Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (2006)

In this paper, we present a QoS routing protocol called GVGrid for multi-hop mobile ad hoc networks constructed by vehicles, i.e., vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). GVGrid constructs a route on demand from a source (a fixed node or a base station) to vehicles that reside in or drive through a specified geographic region. The goal of GVGrid is to maintain a high quality route, i.e. a robust route for the vehicles movement. Such a route can be used for high quality communication and data transmission between roadsides and vehicles, or between vehicles. The experimental results have shown that GVGrid could provide routes with longer lifetime, compared with an existing routing protocol for VANETs
Ferrite-loaded groovy antenna (2005)

We propose a ferrite-loaded groovy antenna that consists of a ferrite-loaded ground plane with multiple rectangular grooves. The ferrite-loaded groovy antenna is designed, implemented, and tested at 10.08 GHz. The bandwidth of the fabricated antenna is narrow (0.5% for S/sub 11//spl les/-10 dB at 10.08 GHz). A beam-scanning range of 21/spl deg/ is achieved when the dc magnetic field increases from 0 to 1100 oe. Measured radiation patterns favorably agree with theoretical results.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Phase I Assessment of Safety and Therapeutic Activity of BAY1436032 in Patients with IDH1-Mutant Solid Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S3. Maximum change from baseline in the sum of target lesions and treatment duration ("other tumor types", intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, glioblastoma).&lt;/p&gt;
Assessment of the width of attached gingiva using different methods in various age groups: A clinical study (2015)

Width of attached gingival varies in different areas of the mouth and also increases with age with no significant difference in the method of its assessment.
Analysis of the variable-ratio microwave power divider (Correspondence) (1958)

It has been shown experimentally that a variable-ratio microwave power divider is easily assembled from two identical 3-db directional couplers and a phase changer. The scattering matrix of this structure is readily obtained from the flow graph showing the interconnections between the couplers. The following shows that the whole structure is still a directional coupler, derives the conditions to optimize the power transfer, and finally, gives the phase angles of the scattering coefficients.
High quality images from 2.5D video (2003)

Given a 2D video stream with an accompanying depth channel, we render high quality images from viewpoints close to the original one. This is for instance required to generate a 3D impression on stereoscopic or multiview screens. We propose a technique for video based rendering that supports higher order video filtering. We focus on screens that support horizontal parallax. We can optionally incorporate rendering of a so called hidden layer that contains data of parts of the scene that are hidden from the original viewpoint. We are able to render high quality images at only the added cost of the video filtering.
New States of Hydrogen in a Circularly Polarized Electromagnetic Field (1996)

We predict the existence in hydrogen of stable nonspreading Rydberg wave packet states that have no classical counterparts. We show their time-dependent creation from circular Rydberg states in numerical simulations. These states are both angularly and radially localized exactly in antiphase from the corresponding nonspreading (so-called Trojan) packet position and are stabilized by quantum interference.