gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gamma spectral event power is elevated in Fragile X Syndrome and associated with single trial gamma power during auditory chirp (2023)

Abstract Background Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder resulting from silencing of the FMR1 gene. One of the most common and debilitating symptoms of FXS is sensory hyperarousal, especially in the auditory domain. Although the neural mechanisms of auditory hyperarousal in FXS are not well understood, electroencephalography (EEG) studies demonstrate increases in background gamma power during auditory paradigms, which are associated with more severe behavior and impairments in auditory synchronization. Methods High-frequency neural responses to the auditory chirp stimulus were studied in 36 individuals with FXS and 39 controls. Gamma Non-continuous high power events (spectral events) were quantified and compared from source localized EEG recordings. Correlation testing of spectral event properties was performed to averaged EEG features and clinical measures. Results Our results show that gamma event peak power was increased in the temporal source of male subjects with FXS (p&lt;0.001, adj. p=0.008) as well as correlated with background average gamma power, while event number, event duration, and frequency span did not differ between groups. Further, absolute event power was positively correlated with clinical measures of obsessive behavior (R=0.63, adj. p=0.011) and stereotypic behavior (R=0.57, adj. p=0.031). Conclusions Our results indicate that gamma event peak absolute power likely underlies the increased background single trial gamma power observed during auditory processing in FXS, and that the temporal dynamics of gamma activity do not differ.
Elevated serum levels of Trichosanthes japonica agglutinin-I binding alkaline phosphatase in relation to high-risk groups for hepatocellular carcinomas. (1998)

The N-linked sugar chain structures of human hepatic, intestinal, and placental alkaline phosphatases (ALPs) were studied comparatively by chromatography on various lectin columns in combination with digestion by several kinds of exoglycosidases. The sugar chain structures were organ specific. On the basis of these organ-specific structures, we investigated serum ALP using a Neu5Ac(alpha)2-->6Gal(beta)1-->4 GlcNAc-specific Trichosanthes japonica agglutinin-I (TJA-I)-Sepharose column to clarify whether the level of TJA-I-binding serum ALP activity can be used as an indicator to discriminate one form of chronic liver disease from another. Levels of TJA-I-binding ALP in serum were higher in cases of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma than in chronic hepatitis (P < 0.01). The levels of TJA-I-binding ALP in serum did not change significantly after transcatheter arterial embolization, and the amounts of TJA-I-binding ALP activity in noncancerous cirrhotic liver tissues were higher than those in cancerous liver tissues derived from hepatocellular carcinoma patients, indicating that the TJA-I-binding ALP is mainly derived from cirrhotic liver tissues rather than cancerous liver tissues. These results indicate that analysis of the levels of TJA-I-binding ALP in serum is clinically useful for differentiating liver cirrhosis from chronic hepatitis and that altered sugar chain expression in ALP occurs mainly in liver cirrhosis.
Recombination at Oxide Precipitates in Silicon (2011)

Transient and quasi-steady-state photoconductance methods were used to measure minority carrier lifetime in p-type Czochralski silicon processed in very clean conditions to contain oxide precipitates. Precipitation treatments were varied to produce a matrix of samples, which were then characterised by chemical etching and transmission electron microscopy to determine the density and morphology of the precipitates. The lifetime component associated with the precipitates was isolated by preventing or factoring out the effects of other known recombination mechanisms. The lifetime component due to unstrained precipitates could be extremely high (up to ~4.5ms). Recombination at unstrained precipitates was found to be weak, with a capture coefficient of ~8 x 10 -8 cm 3 s -1 at an injection level equal to half the doping level. Strained precipitates and defects associated with them (dislocations and stacking faults) act as much stronger recombination centres with a capture coefficient of ~3 x 10 -6 cm 3 s -1 at the same level of injection. The lifetime associated with strained precipitates increases with temperature with a ~0.18eV activation energy over the room temperature to 140°C range. The shape of the injection level dependence of lifetime was similar for all the specimens studied, with the magnitude of the lifetime being dependent on the precipitate density, strain state and temperature, but independent of precipitate size.
ChemInform Abstract: NUCLEINSAEUREN 12. MITT. DIE SYNTH. DES L‐ENANTIOMEREN DES 1‐BETA‐ARABINOFURANOSYLCYTOSINS UND DES O(2),O(2′)‐ANHYDRO‐1‐BETA‐D‐ARABINOFURANOSYLCYTOSINS (1971)

Abstract L‐(+)Arabinose (I) reagiert mit Cyanamid (II) in methanolischem Ammoniak zu dem Oxazolin (III), das in Gegenwart von Chlorwasserstoff mit Cyanacetylen (IV) die Anhydroverbindung (V) liefert.
Real-time scheduling for wireless multiuser MISO systems under different fairness criteria (2003)

This paper deals with the spatio-temporal scheduling of a set of users for downlink transmission in a cell where the base station is provided with multiple antennas. Two main issues are addressed: how the users are distributed into space-time groups and how the available power is allocated among the users within a group. Since the former is an NP-complete combinatorial problem, we develop fast and low-complexity algorithms, which might be capable to fulfill the real-time requirements of a practical scheduling scheme. Regarding the power allocation, we consider different fairness criteria under the capacity point of view. To be precise, we compare the alternatives of equal rate and maximum sum rate with our proposed novel equal proportional rate solution.
Permeabilities of Amino Acids across Ion-exchange Membranes. (1961)

イオン交換膜におけるアミノ酸の透過性を五室電解槽により微粉状のイオン交換樹脂より試作した不均質膜を用いて検討した。アミノ酸は酸性アミノ酸としてグルタミン酸,中性アミノ酸としてグリシン,塩基性アミノ酸としてリジンを用いた。真中の室には0.05Mアミノ酸と0.1N食塩に塩酸,あるいはカセイソーダを加えて種々のpHとした溶液を流し,その両隣りの濃縮室(陽イオン交換膜とへだてたII室と陰イオン交換膜とへだてたIV室)は0.1N食塩溶液を加えて固定し,両極室は0.1N食塩溶液を流しつづけ,種々の電流密度で1時間電解透析した後,II室およびIV室のアミノ酸および無機イオン(Na+,Cr-,H+,OH-)を定量した。アミノ酸の透過性についてはpHが小になるに従って陽イオン交換膜を通ってII室へ移行する量が増し,またpHが大になるに従って陰イオン交換膜な通ってIV室へ移行する量が増し,等電点において両方向への透過性は極小となり,アミノ酸相互の分離に好都合である。また,とくにグリシンはpHが非常に小になるか,また大になると再び透過量が減少し,pH3および10で極大となった。次に電流密度が大になると一般にアミノ酸の透過量は大になる。またアミノ酸の無機イオンに対する選択透過性は一般に小で,とくに等電点付近のpHあるいは電流密度が小の場合に小でアミノ酸の脱塩に好都合である。
Small-signal analysis of PWM boost converter in CCM with complex impedance load (2015)

This paper presents a small-signal analysis of the pulse-width modulated (PWM) boost dc-dc converters operating in continuous-conduction mode (CCM) and subject to complex impedance load. Using the existing knowledge on the small-signal model of the boost converter obtained through the circuit averaging approach, this paper presents an extended analysis of the small-signal transfer functions, under the influence of resistive and inductive load impedances. The expressions for the control-to-output, input-to-output voltage transfer functions, and the output impedance of the boost converter operating in CCM are derived. The characteristics of these transfer functions are analyzed and the effect of the added inductance on the location of poles and zeros is discussed. It is shown that the inherent right-half plane (RHP) zero shifts to the left-half of the s-plane, when the load inductance is increased beyond a specific value. The theoretical results are validated by simulations of a boost converter with suitable design specifications.
Medication Errors Related to Computerized Order Entry for Children (2006)

Serious pediatric computer-related errors are uncommon (3.6 errors per 1000 patient-days), but computer systems can introduce some new pediatric medication errors that are not typically seen in a paper ordering system.
Antimicrobial properties of black grape (Vitis vinifera L.) peel extracts against antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria and toxin producing molds (2015)

Except S. typhimurium and E. coli, growth of all bacterial and mold species were found to be significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited by all the solvent extracts.
Asymmetric Hydrogenation (2000)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Chiral Ligands Hydrogenation of Olefins Hydrogenation of Ketones Hydrogenation of Imines Conclusion References
ChemInform Abstract: BORON COMPOUNDS, XLIII. REGIOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF O‐DERIVATIVES OF SOME METHYL GLYCOSIDES (1977)

Abstract Aus dem Xylopyranosid (I) wird mit aktiviertem Triäthylboran das Derivat (IIa) erhalten, das über die Stufe (IIb) [aus (IIa) in Gegenwart von Äthyldiboran] in die Verbindung (IIc) übergeführt wird [ aus (IIb) und Acetylaceton].
Insight into the origin of 5’UTR and source of CpG reduction in SARS-CoV-2 genome (2020)

Abstract SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, has an RNA genome, which is, overall, closely related to the bat coronavirus sequence RaTG13. However, the ACE2-binding domain of this virus is more similar to a coronavirus isolated from a Guangdong pangolin. In addition to this unique feature, the genome of SARS-CoV-2 (and its closely related coronaviruses) has a low CpG content. This has been postulated to be the signature of an evolutionary pressure exerted by the host antiviral protein ZAP. Here, we analyzed the sequences of a wide range of viruses using both alignment-based and alignment free approaches to investigate the origin of SARS-CoV-2 genome. Our analyses revealed a high level of similarity between the 5’UTR of SARS-CoV-2 and that of the Guangdong pangolin coronavirus. This suggests bat and pangolin coronaviruses might have recombined at least twice (in the 5’UTR and ACE2 binding regions) to seed the formation of SARS-CoV-2. An alternative hypothesis is that the lineage preceding SARS-CoV-2 is a yet to be sampled bat coronavirus whose ACE2 binding domain and 5’UTR are distinct from other known bat coronaviruses. Additionally, we performed a detailed analysis of viral genome compositions as well as expression and RNA binding data of ZAP to show that the low CpG abundance in SARS-CoV-2 is not related to an evolutionary pressure from ZAP.
First International Conference on the Pathogenesis of Mycobacterial Infections: A Summary (1992)

Two hundred scientists representing 25 countries assembled for the First International Conference on the Pathogenesis of Mycobacterial Infections, which was held in Stockholm on 27-29 June 1990. A total of 40 speeches and 80 poster presentations covered nearly all of the recent progress made in the field of mycobacterial pathogenicity. The present report is intended as a brief summary of the research results presented during the conference and focuses on findings of broad scientific interest. However, the omission of other presented findings from this report does not constitute any judgment of their scientific quality.
Plasma host protein biomarkers correlating with increasing Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection activity prior to tuberculosis diagnosis in people living with HIV (2021)

NIH/NIAID AI117927, AI146329, and AI127173 to JMA.
Enhancement of cell radiation sensitivity by pegylated gold nanoparticles (2010)

Biocompatible Au nanoparticles with surfaces modified by PEG (polyethylene glycol) were developed in view of possible applications for the enhancement of radiotherapy. Such nanoparticles exhibit preferential deposition at tumor sites due to the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect. Here, we systematically studied their effects on EMT-6 and CT26 cell survival rates during irradiation for a dose up to 10 Gy with a commercial biological irradiator (E(average) = 73 keV), a Cu-Kalpha(1) x-ray source (8.048 keV), a monochromatized synchrotron source (6.5 keV), a radio-oncology linear accelerator (6 MeV) and a proton source (3 MeV). The percentage of surviving cells after irradiation was found to decrease by approximately 2-45% in the presence of PEG-Au nanoparticles ([Au] = 400, 500 or 1000 microM). The cell survival rates decreased as a function of the dose for all sources and nanoparticle concentrations. These results could open the way to more effective cancer irradiation therapies by using nanoparticles with optimized surface treatment. Difficulties in applying MTT assays were also brought to light, showing that this approach is not suitable for radiobiology.
Low-loss LTCC-based gap waveguide feeding network for W-band application (2014)

In this paper, a novel low-loss gap waveguide (GWG) transmission line with Low Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic (LTCC) technology for W-band is presented. To illustrate the low-loss characteristics of the proposed line, microstrip line (MSL) and laminated waveguide (LWG) are also designed with LTCC, and the corresponding measured values of insertion loss are given. From the measured results, the value of the dielectric loss tangent is extracted. As an example, two kinds of eight-way power dividers are shown, which are composed of LWG and GWG, respectively. Simulated results of transmission and reflection coefficients are presented. Comparison of two power dividers has shown the low-loss superiority of the new design.
Restoration of CD44H Expression in Colon Carcinomas Reduces Tumorigenicity (1995)

Transformation of normal mucosa to colon carcinoma is associated with a down-regulation of CD44H, which consequently may enhance the growth rate and tumorigenicity.
BOTRYOID POLLEN 1 regulates ROS-triggered PCD and pollen wall development by controlling UDP-sugar homeostasis in rice (2023)

Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-sugars are important metabolites involved in the biosynthesis of polysaccharides and may be important signaling molecules. UDP-glucose 4-epimerase (UGE) catalyzes the interconversion between UDP-Glc and UDP-Gal, whose biological function in rice (Oryza sativa) fertility is poorly understood. Here, we identify and characterize the botryoid pollen 1 (bp1) mutant and show that BP1 encodes a UGE that regulates UDP-sugar homeostasis, thereby controlling the development of rice anthers. The loss of BP1 function led to massive accumulation of UDP-Glc and imbalance of other UDP-sugars. We determined that the higher levels of UDP-Glc and its derivatives in bp1 may induce the expression of NADPH oxidase genes, resulting in a premature accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby advancing programmed cell death (PCD) of anther walls but delaying the end of tapetal degradation. The accumulation of UDP-Glc as metabolites resulted in an abnormal degradation of callose, producing an adhesive microspore. Furthermore, the UDP-sugar metabolism pathway is not only involved in the formation of intine but also in the formation of the initial framework for extine. Our results reveal how UDP-sugars regulate anther development and provide new clues for cellular ROS accumulation and PCD triggered by UDP-Glc as a signaling molecule.
Isolation, identification, and bioactivity of steroids isolates from Hydrilla verticillata petroleum ether fraction (2020)

Abstract Hydrilla verticillata contains some active compounds that potential as an antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, antimicrobial and antitumor. One of the active compounds in Hydrilla verticillata is steroids. This research aimed to isolate, to identify and to determine the toxicity and antioxidant activity of steroid compounds in petroleum ether (PE) fraction of Hydrilla verticillata. Hydrilla verticillata biomass powder was extracted by maceration using ethanol solvent. The ethanol extract was hydrolyzed with 2 N of hydrochloric acid and then partitioned with petroleum ether solvent. The steroid compounds from petroleum ether fraction were separated with Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Column Chromatography. The steroid isolates were identified by UV-Vis and FTIR spectrophotometer. The toxicity level and antioxidant assay of steroid isolates were determined by BSLT and DPPH method, respectively. The result of the study showed that extraction through maceration produced 4.54% yield, whereas the product yield of the partition using petroleum ether was 65.41%. The steroid isolates from TLC and Column Chromatography separation has toxicity and antioxidant properties. The LC 50 value of steroid TLC isolate was 1.41 and 12.2 ppm. The LC 5 o value of steroid Column Chromatography isolates (H 2 , H 4 and H10) were 4.32, 8.24 and 10.35 ppm. The EC 50 value of H 2 Column Chromatography isolate was 23.00 ppm.
Formation of 1-Deoxy-D-threo-pentulose and 1-Deoxy-L-threo-pentulose by Cell-free Extracts of Microorganisms (1984)

A new enzymatic acyloin-type condensation between pyruvate (or acetoin or methylacetoin) and D-glyceraldehyde was found to be catalyzed by cell-free extracts of a transketolase mutant of Bacillus pumilus IFO 12089. The reaction product (1) was isolated and determined to be 1-deoxy-D-threo-pentulose (d-DTP), which is considered to be a precursor of the five-carbon unit of the thiazole ring thiamine. 1-Deoxy-L-threo-pentulose (l-DTP, 2) was synthesized similarly when l-glyceraldehyde was used instead of D-glyceraldehyde. The configurations of 1 and 2 were confirmed by reduction to the corresponding 1-deoxy-pentitols. Similar enzyme activities were also detected in cell-free extracts of all the wild-type strains tested of bacteria, actinomycetes, yeasts, and molds. These results suggest that the d-DTP synthesizing enzyme plays an important role in the biosynthesis of the thiazole ring of thiamine in vivo.
Transverse structures in a triply resonant OPO: from optical patterns to quantum structures (2005)

Summary form only given. Spontaneous pattern formation has been widely studied both by experimentalists and theoreticians. But most of these studies have concentrated on optical systems having third order nonlinearities. Second order nonlinear effects have recently received a large interest. They provide at the same time a simple mechanism and a rich variety of phenomena because of the coupling between waves of different frequencies. Theoreticians have predicted various transverse patterns especially in the case of optical parametric oscillators (OPO). We have developed a c.w. OPO operating in cavities with degenerate transverse modes and observed spontaneous pattern formation due to second order nonlinearity.
Discovery of Oriented Gaseous Water Molecules in the Vapor-Liquid Interface of Water (2000)

Abstract : We present the first experimental measurements of the orientation and hydrogen bonding character of interfacial water molecules in their gaseous state in coexistence with the bulk liquid water. These interfacial vapor state molecules are distinct from the surface free OH and the interfacial liquid state water molecules and show a preferred orientation with their hydrogen atoms directed towards the liquid surface. The goal to develop a molecular level picture of water orientation and bonding at this vapor-liquid boundary where liquid phase water molecules coexist with vapor phase molecules has fascinated scientists for decades. Whereas most theoretical and experimental studies in recent years are converging on a consistent description of interfacial water on the liquid side of the interface, there is considerable disparity in the theoretical description of water molecules on the vapor side. A primary factor in this lack of consensus is the paucity of available data that unequivocally measures the properties of these interfacial vapor state molecules. As with theoretical efforts in this area, the low density of these vapor state interfacial water molecules is experimentally problematic. In this paper we present the first vibrational spectroscopic measurements of interfacial water vapor species in coexistence with their liquid phase. These detected vapor state molecules have a preferred orientation relative to the surface plane and have minimal hydrogen bonding to adjacent water molecules as manifested in the energy and linewidth of the spectral OH stretching modes examined. These molecules are distinctly different than the water molecules with a dangling bond into the vapor phase, or water in the liquid portion of the interface where hydrogen bonding between water molecules is strong.
VARIATION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENT OF SOILS IN THE PROCESS OF SOIL FORMATION : A CASE-STUDY FOR TERRACE AND HILL SOILS IN BANGLADESH (2007)

Profile samples were collected from the soils on the terrace and hill areas in Bangladesh. Rare earth elements (REE), particle-size distribution, and mineralogical composition of the < 2 μm clay fraction were analyzed. The terrace soils showed an indication of moving/decomposition of clay particles from/in the surface horizons and the presence of different types of interstratified minerals in addition to mica in the clay fraction. Chondrite-normalized curves of REE indicated increase in the negative Eu anomaly towards the surface horizon. The hill soils were coarse-textured and dominated with kaolinite in the clay fraction, and showed a positive Ce anomaly in the A and B horizons. Among the REE a selective release of Eu and an enrichment of Ce in the process of soil formation was suggested.
A Data Distribution Strategy for Parallel Point-Based Rendering (2005)

During the last couple of years, point sets have emerged as a new standard for the representation of largely&#13;\ndetailed models. This is partly due to the fact that range scanning devices are becoming a fast and economical&#13;\nway to capture dense point clouds. Traditional rendering systems are impractical when a single polygonal&#13;\nprimitive contributes less than a pixel during rendering. We present a data distribution strategy for parallel pointbased&#13;\nrendering, using a cluster of PCs as target platform. We describe a data-structure and a system&#13;\narchitecture, which allows for decoupling the point-data from the computational work. This strategy enables&#13;\nboth a balanced workload as well as no full data replication on each node. We exploit frame-to-frame coherence&#13;\nto make our system scalable. The system renders high-resolution images from high complex data sets at&#13;\ninteractive frame rates. To our knowledge parallel point-based rendering has not been investigated in the past.&#13;\nOur results indicate the feasibility of sort-first parallelization applied to point-based rendering.
Measuring ocular aberrations and image quality in peripheral vision with a clinical wavefront aberrometer (2009)

Measurement of off-axis wavefront aberrations of a model eye over a restricted range of eccentricities is possible with the COAS clinical wavefront aberrometer and auxiliary lenses to correct astigmatism. When central image quality is good, the off-axis aberrations will have a powerful effect on peripheral image quality. When central image quality is poor, the additional effect of off-axis aberrations will be minor.
Rhodium-Catalyzed Transannulation of 1,2,3-Triazoles to Polysubstituted Pyrroles (2014)

Rhodium-catalyzed transannulation of N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles with vinyl ether has been accomplished for the synthesis of various polysubstituted pyrroles. The present method allows the synthesis of mono-, di-, and trisubstituted pyrroles with appropriate substitutions. Furthermore, the developed methodology was applied in the formal synthesis of neolamellarin A, an antitumor agent.
GaAs IC fabrication with MOSIS-a user's perspective (2002)

Fabrication of GaAs MOSFET digital ICs through the MOS Implementation Service (MOSIS) project. A design strategy for dependable high-speed custom GaAs digital circuits is described. CAD tools adapted for GaAs design are also described. Examples of GaAs IC projects using MOSIS service and the present status of the MOSIS service are examined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>