gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural, electrical, and optical properties ofLa1−zYzHxswitchable mirrors (2001)

Thin ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}z}{\mathrm{Y}}_{z}{\mathrm{H}}_{x}$ films, in the composition range $0&lt;z&lt;1$ and $0&lt;x&lt;3,$ are studied using x-ray diffraction, dc resistivity measurements, reflectance-transmittance measurements, and ellipsometry in the visible and near-infrared spectral range. For $x=0$ the structural phase diagram is similar to that of the bulk system. Upon hydrogen absorption and desorption, the ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}z}{\mathrm{Y}}_{z}{\mathrm{H}}_{x}$ films do not disproportionate. All dihydrides have a fcc structure with a continuous shift of the lattice parameter, whereas the trihydrides undergo a transition from a fcc lattice structure for $0&lt;z&lt;0.67$ to a hexagonal lattice structure for $0.81&lt;z&lt;1.$ No significant thin-film effects occur in the structural, electrical, and optical properties, whereas disorder effects are observed in the x-ray coherence length, the electron relaxation time at both zero and optical frequencies, and in the optical properties of the trihydrides. In ${\mathrm{LaH}}_{2}$ a similar dihydride transmission window is observed as in ${\mathrm{YH}}_{2}.$ The suppression of this window upon alloying is a disorder effect. As in the case of their parent materials, all ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}z}{\mathrm{Y}}_{z}{\mathrm{H}}_{x}$ alloys (both cubic and hexagonal) exhibit a metal-insulator transition for $2&lt;x&lt;3,$ which is a clear demonstration of the robustness of the metal-insulator transition in switchable mirrors. The optical band-gap shifts from $1.87\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03$ eV for ${\mathrm{LaH}}_{3}$ to $2.63\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03$ eV for ${\mathrm{YH}}_{3}.$ The optical properties suggest that the fundamental band gap is $1--1.8$ eV lower.
Neuro-Fuzzy and Soft Computing: A Computational Approach to Learning and Machine Intelligence (1996)

Included in Prentice Hall's MATLAB Curriculum Series, this text provides a comprehensive treatment of the methodologies underlying neuro-fuzzy and soft computing. The book places equal emphasis on theoretical aspects of covered methodologies, empirical observations, and verifications of various applications in practice.
Comparative Analysis of DNA Replication Timing Reveals Conserved Large-Scale Chromosomal Architecture (2010)

Recent evidence suggests that the timing of DNA replication is coordinated across megabase-scale domains in metazoan genomes, yet the importance of this aspect of genome organization is unclear. Here we show that replication timing is remarkably conserved between human and mouse, uncovering large regions that may have been governed by similar replication dynamics since these species have diverged. This conservation is both tissue-specific and independent of the genomic G+C content conservation. Moreover, we show that time of replication is globally conserved despite numerous large-scale genome rearrangements. We systematically identify rearrangement fusion points and demonstrate that replication time can be locally diverged at these loci. Conversely, rearrangements are shown to be correlated with early replication and physical chromosomal proximity. These results suggest that large chromosomal domains of coordinated replication are shuffled by evolution while conserving the large-scale nuclear architecture of the genome.
Emergent treatments for β-thalassemia and orphan drug legislations (2022)

In many countries, β-thalassemia (β-THAL) is not uncommon; however, it qualifies as a rare disease in the US and in European Union (EU), where thalassemia drugs are eligible for Orphan Drug Designation (ODD). In this paper, we evaluate all 28 ODDs for β-THAL granted since 2001 in the US and the EU: of these, ten have since been discontinued, twelve are pending, and six have become licensed drugs available for clinical use. The prime mover for these advances has been the increasing depth of understanding of the pathophysiology of β-THAL; at the same time, and even though only one-fifth of β-THAL ODDs have become licensed drugs, the ODD legislation has clearly contributed substantially to the development of improved treatments for β-THAL.
Multilayer Ceramic Regenerator Materials for 4 K Cooling (2006)

The ceramics oxide magnetic materials have shown excellent properties for use as regenerator materials used in 4 K crycoolers. Currently four kinds of oxide magnetic materials GdVO4, GAP=GdAlO3, GOS=Gd2O2S and Tb2O2S are available for applications for regenerators or thermal anchors from 2 K to 8 K. This paper focused on controlling the heat capacity of the (GdxTb1−x)2O2S system to cover the refrigeration temperatures between 6 K and 8 K. A concept of multilayer regenerator material consisting of multicomponent magnetic materials has been proposed and investigated. Two‐layer ceramic material including two kinds of magnetic materials (Gd0.1Tb0.9)2O2S+Tb2O2S was successfully fabricated in the form of regenerator particles with an average diameter of 0.25 mm. Measured heat capacity data showed that it had twin peaks relating to those of (Gd0.1Tb0.9)2O2S and Tb2O2S, and the entire curve became broader and wider. The mechanical properties of strength and hardness of the two‐layer ceramic material were the same as other ceramic regenerator materials like GOS. Thus, it is concluded that the multilayer ceramic material is very useful to control the heat capacity of the regenerator particles. The cooling tests using the two‐layer ceramic material with HoCu2 and GOS have been done to investigate the 2nd stage regenerator configuration.
Selection of suitable housekeeping genes for expression analysis in glioblastoma using quantitative RT-PCR (2009)

Altogether, our data show the relevance of previous validation of candidate control genes for each experimental model and indicate TBP plus HPRT1 as suitable references for studies on glioblastoma gene expression.
Real-time hand posture and gesture-based touchless automotive user interface using deep learning (2017)

In this study, a vision based in-car entertainment user interface is presented. The user interface is designed using a hand posture and gesture recognition algorithm in deep learning framework. The hand posture recognition algorithm is formulated using the convolutional neural network to perform the fundamental tasks in the user interface. The hand gesture recognition algorithm is formulated using the long-term recurrent convolutional neural network to intuitively interact with the touchless automotive user interface in a detailed manner. In the recurrent deep learning framework, typically, the gesture frames are taken from a uniformly sampled image sequence. In this work, the recurrent structure is enhanced using a reduced number of input frames captured from the image sequence. The reduced input frames or key frames represent the action present in the video sequence. Sparse dictionary learning provide reliable key frame extraction from video sequences. However, sparse dictionary learning is computationally expensive, and are individually optimized for every video sequence. In this paper, we propose to approximate sparse dictionary learning using a non-linear regression framework. The multilayer perceptron is utilized to model the non-linear regression framework. The optimal neural network architecture is identified after a detailed evaluation. We evaluate the proposed recognition methods on public datasets. The proposed methods yield a recognition accuracy of 92% and 90% for pose and gestures, respectively. The combined hand posture and gesture recognition takes 82ms which is a reasonable for real time implementation.
Development of silicon-based anodes and in-situ characterization techniques for lithium ion batteries (2014)

Development of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) with higher capacity has been booming worldwide, as growing concerns about environmental issues and increasing petroleum costs. The demands for the LIBs include high energy and power densities, and better cyclic stability in order to meet a wide range of applications, such as portable devices and electric vehicles. Silicon has recently been explored as a promising anode material due to its low discharge potential (<0.4 V) and high specific capacity (4200 mAh g-1). The capacity of silicon potentially exceeds more than 10 times of the conventional graphite anode (372 mAh g-1). However, the silicon anode experiences huge volume expansion (400%) and contraction during electrochemical cycles, resulting in pulverization and disintegration of the active material. For the improvement of the battery performance, understanding of the failure mechanism associated with the stress evolution during cycling is critical. This study aims (1) to develop high performance anode materials and (2) to analyze the mechanism of the capacity fading using a novel in-situ characterization technique in order to optimize the electrode design for better operation of the battery. The silicon nitride thin film anodes were investigated for the improvement of cycling performance. In addition, the rate performance was enhanced by controlling the parameters in film deposition. Si-based thin films undergo large stresses induced by the volume changes, which results in material degradation and capacity fading. Hence, the in-situ measurement of the electrochemical processes is critical to clarify how the electrode degrades with time under cycling. For the in-situ measurement, a white light interferometry (WLI) and laser vibrometer were used to gather quantitative data. Amorphous silicon (a-Si) was explored for the stress measurement.
Supplementary Table 4 from Antagonizing Integrin β3 Increases Immunosuppression in Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Primers for qPCR&lt;/p&gt;
O16 La activación de NRF2 por el compuesto A (CPDA) protege a las células-ß de la injuria inflamatoria medida por citoquinas (2020)

Introducción: el desarrollo del proceso autoinmune durante la diabetes tipo 1 (DM1) contribuye a la insulitis; en este contexto, el estrés de las células-ß y su posterior deficiencia en la secreción de insulina preceden a los signos clínicos de la enfermedad. La hiperglucemia desencadena la producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno (ROS) mitocondriales que superan la capacidad antioxidante de las células-ß conduciendo al estrés oxidativo. El microambiente inflamatorio del islote contribuye a la activación del estrés oxidativo y del retículo endoplásmico (RE) resultando en la disfunción y muerte de las células-ß. El factor de transcripción Nrf2 regula la expresión de genes citoprotectores en respuesta al estrés oxidativo, su inducción es necesaria para la fisiología normal de la célula-ß. Hemos reportado que el CpdA regula células inmunes clave en la respuesta inmune e inflamatoria y en la insulitis, linfocitos T y células dendríticas. Tambiénobservamos que el CpdA disminuye el estrés de RE inducido por citoquinas inflamatorias (IL-1ß+IFN-g; CYT) en células-ß y que la administración in vivodel CpdA retarda la aparición de hiperglucemia en un modelo murino de diabetes autoinmune. El desarrollo de nuevos agentes con acción antiinflamatoria e inmunomoduladora y potencial protector dirigido a la señalización disfuncional de las células-ß posee interés clínico en la diabetes.Objetivos: explorar el efecto del CpdA sobre la vía de señalización de Nrf2 y el estrés oxidativo inducido por CYT en las células-ß.Materiales y métodos: como modelo experimental utilizamos la línea celular de insulinoma de rata (INS-1E). Fórmula química del CpdA: cloruro de 2-(4-acetoxifenil)-2-cloro-N-metil-etilamonio. Se utilizó un plásmido reportero (ARE-LUC) para la evaluación de la actividad transcripcional de Nrf2 (luminometría), RT-qPCR (Sybr Green) para el análisis de la expresión de ARNm, WB para el análisis de la expresión de proteínas, kit comercial basado en DCFDA para evaluar ROS (fluorometría), análisis de viabilidad celular por MTT y ELISA para insulina.
Highly Efficient Method for Epoxidation of Olefms with Molecular Oxygen and Aldehydes Catalyzed by Nickel(II) Complexes (1991)

Abstract In the presence of a catalytic amount of a bis(1,3-diketonato)nickel(II) complex, trisubstituted and exo-terminal olefins or norbornene analogues are smoothly monooxygenated into the corresponding epoxides in high to quantitative yields on treatment with aldehyde under an atmospheric pressure of oxygen at room temperature.
Substation Interlocking and Sequence Switching Using a Digital Computer (1981)

Power systems on-line control is being studied and applied for its technical and econcmical advantages. This paper presents the work carried out with a substation model, interfaced with digital processors for data acquisition and control, to develop and test on-line strategies to control switching operations. A network representation model containing switch data is scanned to forecast the effects of any switch operation providing a comprehensive and flexible inter-locking scheme. Extension of the concept to optimal sequence switching is also presented.
Economie et population à Karlsruhe de 1861 à 1945 : essor et fluctuations (1992)

Par une approche pluridisciplinaire, etude des interrelations entre economie et population a l'echelle d'une ville et ses consequences sur l'espace urbain. L'accent a ete mis sur les reactions des entreprises industrielles a l'environnement economique et les incidences sur le marche du travail|
Flutter Model Technology (1998)

Abstract : Wind tunnel testing of dynamically scaled models plays a key role in assuring that new or modified aircraft will be free of flutter within their flight envelopes. Dynamically scaled models are also widely used in research studies such as active control of aeroelastic response, buffet alleviation, and validation of theoretical or computational methods. This paper summarizes many of the critical design consideration involved with designing and fabricating flutter model hardware once the basic requirements have been determined. Topics discussed include: spar design, stress skin construction, hinged control surfaces, instrumentation, calibration, load testing, and a case study for supersonic F-22 flutter model components.
Neuronal overexpression of cyclooxygenase‐2 increases cerebral infarction (2003)

Increases in COX-2 enzymatic activity and prostaglandin production have been associated with neuronal injury in both acute and age-related degenerative neurological diseases. In this study, we tested the effects of increased COX-2 activity in a model of transient focal ischemia using a transgenic mouse model in which human COX-2 is constitutively expressed selectively in neurons of the striatum, cerebral cortex, and hippocampus. These COX-2 transgenic mice harbor elevated levels of PGE(2) that are 10-fold higher than nontransgenic levels. A significant increase in infarct volume was observed after middle cerebral artery occlusion with 4 days of reperfusion in COX-2 transgenic mice as compared with nontransgenic littermates. Pretreatment of nontransgenic mice with the selective COX-2 inhibitor SC58236 resulted in a significant reduction of infarct volume in nontransgenic mice, consistent with previous pharmacological studies. However, transgenic COX-2 mice treated with SC58236 did not show a significant reduction. This suggests that chronic increases in COX-2 expression and enzymatic activity, which can occur in aging and in pathological states characterized by oxidative stress and chronic inflammatory processes, can lead to downstream cellular changes that have a negative impact on neuronal survival in cerebrovascular disease.
Endothelial and circulating C19MC microRNAs are biomarkers of infantile hemangioma (2016)

Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most common vascular tumor of infancy, and it uniquely regresses in response to oral propranolol. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of vascular development and are dysregulated in many disease processes, but the role of miRNAs in IH growth has not been investigated. We report expression of C19MC, a primate-specific megacluster of miRNAs expressed in placenta with rare expression in postnatal tissues, in glucose transporter 1-expressing (GLUT-1-expressing) IH endothelial cells and in the plasma of children with IH. Tissue or circulating C19MC miRNAs were not detectable in patients having 9 other types of vascular anomalies or unaffected children, identifying C19MC miRNAs as the first circulating biomarkers of IH. Levels of circulating C19MC miRNAs correlated with IH tumor size and propranolol treatment response, and IH tissue from children treated with propranolol or from children with partially involuted tumors contained lower levels of C19MC miRNAs than untreated, proliferative tumors, implicating C19MC miRNAs as potential drivers of IH pathogenesis. Detection of C19MC miRNAs in the circulation of infants with IH may provide a specific and noninvasive means of IH diagnosis and identification of candidates for propranolol therapy as well as a means to monitor treatment response.
Direct-drive implosion experiment of diamond capsules fabricated with hot filament chemical vapor deposition technique (2021)

Diamond is a promising alternative capsule material for direct-drive inertial confinement fusion. Previous investigations suggest that the stiffness and higher density of diamond can mitigate laser imprinting, which is an initial perturbation on the ablation surface caused by non-uniform laser irradiation. We conduct diamond capsule fabrication using the hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HF-CVD) technique. This technique is the most suitable diamond deposition method in terms of mass production, since the deposition area can be easily extended just by increasing the number of hot filaments. This paper presents the first direct-drive implosion experiment concerning diamond capsules fabricated using the HF-CVD technique. The compression of thin diamond capsules, with an inner capsule diameter of 482 μm and a shell thickness of 1.6 μm, is successfully achieved, and the implosion trajectory of diamond capsules, with the same diameter and thickness, is consistent with 1D radiation hydrodynamic simulation calculations. However, for diamond capsules with an inner diameter of 482 μm and a shell thickness of 2.4 μm, asymmetry of the implosion trajectory and unexpected x-ray emission are observed. This is attributed to the remaining silicon (Si) mold inside the capsule left over from the fabrication process, revealing that the etching method of Si in diamond capsules should be improved.
Power optimization of wireless video sensor nodes in M2M networks (2012)

Low-power wireless video sensor nodes play important roles for applications in machine-to-machine (M2M) network. Several design issues to optimize the power consumption of a video sensor node are addressed in this paper. For the video coding engine selection, the comparison between conventional video coding system and distributed video coding (DVC) system shows that although the rate-distortion performance of existing DVC codec still has room to improve, it can provide lower power consumption with a noisy transmission channel. Furthermore, it also demonstrated that video analysis unit can help to filter out video contents without event-of-interest to reduce transmission power. Finally, several future research directions are addressed, and the trade-off between the video analysis unit, video coding unit, and data transmission should be further studied to design wireless video sensors with optimized power consumption.
PhaMMseqs: a new pipeline for constructing phage gene phamilies using MMseqs2 (2022)

The diversity and mosaic architecture of phage genomes present challenges for whole-genome phylogenies and comparative genomics. There are no universally conserved core genes, ∼70% of phage genes are of unknown function, and phage genomes are replete with small (&lt;500 bp) open reading frames. Assembling sequence-related genes into "phamilies" ("phams") based on amino acid sequence similarity simplifies comparative phage genomics and facilitates representations of phage genome mosaicism. With the rapid and substantial increase in the numbers of sequenced phage genomes, computationally efficient pham assembly is needed, together with strategies for including newly sequenced phage genomes. Here, we describe the Python package PhaMMseqs, which uses MMseqs2 for pham assembly, and we evaluate the key parameters for optimal pham assembly of sequence- and functionally related proteins. PhaMMseqs runs efficiently with only modest hardware requirements and integrates with the pdm_utils package for simple genome entry and export of datasets for evolutionary analyses and phage genome map construction.
A 2-DOF wideband electrostatic transducer for energy harvesting and implantable applications (2009)

This paper reports the modeling, fabrication and characterization of a SOI-based electro-mechanical transducer used for energy harvesting. The electrostatic transducer couples the ultrasonic energy with the vibration of a seismic mass, converting ultrasonic mechanical energy into electrical energy by means of polarized movable capacitor with comb structures. To extract ambient kinetic energy with arbitrary motion directions, this paper introduces a novel 2D resonator with resonance frequencies of 38520 Hz and 38725 Hz. Working in diagonal direction, the −10dB bandwidth is 302Hz, twice wider than 1D resonator devices. The measured dynamic frequency response shows that a maximum peak-to-peak output voltage of 10 mV can be obtained through a 1M ohm resistive load, and the harvested power is calculated as 0.1 nW. Potential applications for powering battery-free implanted biomedical devices are also discussed in this paper.
Anticancer Activities of Resveratrol in Colorectal Cancer (2016)

Resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a dietary polyphenolic phytochemical that has demonstrated health benefits such as cardioprotection, the prevention of neurodegeneration and chemoprevention. Resveratrol has shown great potential in the prevention and treatment of carcinomas and clinical trials support resveratrol as anticancer compound in colorectal carcinoma. Colorectal cancer remains a major cause of cancer-related deaths for both men and women in industrialized countries. Because of this widespread prevalence, identifying major risk factors and initiating colorectal screening procedures provide the distinct advantage for recognizing early disease and addressing treatable forms of CRC. Epidemiological studies of fruit and vegetable consumption in relationship to developing CRC have led to the notion that safe and inexpensive chemopreventive agents might be a valuable tool in diminishing the morbidity and mortality of CRC. While clinical trials and in vivo data show positive effects of resveratrol in CRC, the mechanism of action is relatively unclear. In this review, we will evaluate the current literature on the actions of resveratrol in CRC and provide a more mechanistic view of resveratrol in relationship with CRC.
Qualification of remedial methods to prevent primary-side stress corrosion cracking of steam generator tubing: Volume 2, Rotopeening: Final report (1987)

Primary side cracking has been observed within the mechanically expanded area in a significant number of tubes of PWR steam generators in Europe, in Japan and to a lesser extent in the USA. A program was launched by the Belgian utilities and was further co-sponsored by the Steam Generator Owners Group (SGOG)/Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) to develop preventive actions applicable to both new and operating steam generators. These preventive measures included: introduction of residual compressive stresses on the ID by shot- or roto-peening without inducing unacceptable tensile stresses on OD; stress relaxation and metallurgical improvement of the material by an in situ heat treatment of the whole tubesheet. The qualification and first full-scale application of roto-peening at two Belgian sites are presented in this volume of the report.