gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Near-term spatial hydrologic forecasting in Everglades, USA for landscape planning and ecological forecasting (2020)

Operational ecological forecasting is an emerging field that leverages ecological models in a new, cross-disciplinary way – using a real-time or nearly real-time climate forecast to project near-term ecosystem states. These applications give decision-makers lead time to anticipate and manage state changes that degrade ecosystem functions or directly impact humans. The Everglades Forecasting model (EverForecast) is an operational forecast model designed specifically for conservation management purposes including water management. It provides up to six-month forecasts of daily projected, spatially continuous stage values across the Everglades. We validated EverForecast quarterly to measured historical values at 207 gages (Jan 1, 2000–Dec 31, 2019). The EverForecast hindcasts of water stage accurately captured measured stage variation, with a low percentage of measured stages exceeding hindcasted values. Over the whole spatial extent, the mean RMSE is 20.98 cm, the mean MAE is 14.42 cm, and the mean MBE is 0.91 cm.
GSS 30 - an infrared reflection nebula in the Ophiuchus dark cloud (1985)

Surface brightness maps at I', H, K, L, and N, and polarimetric images at K and H of the object GSS 30 in the Ophiuchus dark cloud were made with the 2.3 m Wyoming infrared telescope. The images show that GSS 30 is a bi-lobed asymmetric reflection nebula detectable at H, K, and L. At H the nebulosity extends 22arcsec along the major axis, and the illuminating star has a magnitude of 11.17; at K it extends 45arcsec along the major axis, and the illuminating star has a magnitude of 8.88. A model is presented in which an accretion disk is seen nearly edge-on obscuring a star and polar reflection lobes. Density profiles and grain characteristics of the reflection nebula are briefly discussed.
An Unusual Case of Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid-Related Hepatotoxicity (1998)

Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid is a widely used antibiotic. Hepatic dysfunction is a rare adverse reaction associated with this combination antibiotic. We report the case of a 40-yr-old woman with a somewhat unusual presentation of amoxicillin/clavulanate-related cholestatic hepatotoxicity and multiple duodenal erosions whose diagnosis was delayed until inadvertent rechallenge with the antibiotic combination. The relevant literature is also reviewed and discussed. The diagnosis may be missed because the onset of signs/symptoms may occur several weeks after the cessation of therapy. The hepatic dysfunction, which may be severe and is more prevalent in elderly patients, is usually reversible, although chronic liver disease and deaths have been reported. Immunological hypersensitivity is considered to be the most likely mechanism resulting in liver injury. Amoxicillin/clavulanate should be used with caution in patients with underlying liver disease and in the elderly.
Tennessee Housing Market: 1st Quarter 2008 (2008)

Tennessee, housing, market, Tennessee housing, Tennessee housing market, housing market, construction, first quarter, 1st quarter, 2014, Nashville, Knoxville, Memphis, home prices, MSA, MSAs, Chattanooga, Clarksville, Johnson City, Cleveland, Jackson, Kingsport, Bristol, Morristown
Optimizing simulator performance specifications using driver performance measurements (2010)

Worldwide, the quantity of driving simulator applications appears to be increasing dramatically. Most applications study driver behaviors. Very few applications evaluate how different simulator performance properties might affect driver behaviors. Potential exists for differences in simulator performances to produce conflicting driver behavior conclusions. A process that correlates simulator performance specifications to driver training requirements through analyzing data collected while performing real training is documented in this paper. No model of human performance is applied through this analysis. Instead it applies measurements of actual driver performance collected while training, over a two year period, more than 1,000 law enforcement drivers in emergency vehicle operations. Since application data is both objective and application-specific, it can be used to correlate driver performance measurements with simulator performance and thereby identify critical simulation specifications. This paper illustrates an analysis process that may be used to correlate driving simulator specifications for different types of simulator applications, provided that objective driver performance measurements are collected by the application. Ironically, only the application itself produces the measurement data needed to develop simulator procurement specifications. This analysis makes progress toward resolving that conundrum.
Author Correction: Improving the efficacy of selenium fertilizers for wheat biofortification (2020)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Assessment of polymicrobial interactions in bacterial isolates from transfused platelet units associated with sepsis (2022)

Ultimately, an interaction between ACBC and S. saprophyticus that could help explain their co-occurrence and growth in contaminated platelet units was not found; however future studies of potential interactions may be warranted.
Male Reproductive Phenotypes in Double Mutant Mice Lacking Both FSHβ and Activin Receptor IIA (2001)

Activins are known to signal through two serine/threonine kinase type II receptors. Activin receptor IIA is widely expressed in the male reproductive axis, including the pituitary and testis. Our previous studies using gene knockout mice have confirmed the essential in vivo role of activin receptor IIA in FSH homeostasis. Activin receptor IIA-null male mice are fertile, have suppressed pituitary and serum FSH levels, and demonstrate a decrease in testis size as a result of reduced Sertoli cells and germ cells. Similarly, FSHbeta null male mice are fertile despite reduced testis size and Sertoli cell number. To define the direct roles of activin receptor IIA signaling locally in the testis, independent of its effects on FSH homeostasis, we generated double mutant mice lacking both activin receptor IIA and FSH by a genetic intercross and analyzed the male reproductive phenotypes. The double mutant male mice lacking both FSH and activin receptor IIA are fertile, demonstrate no significant reduction in testis size, and produce small litters compared with mice lacking either FSH or activin receptor IIA alone. Histological analyses of the testes from double mutant mice revealed the presence of normal stages of spermatogenesis. However, there was a significant reduction in the epididymal sperm number compared with that of the individual mutants. Northern blot analyses of total RNA from testes of double mutants did not reveal transcriptional up-regulation of activin receptor IIB, the other activin type II receptor. Although RNA expression profiles of many testis cell-specific markers are unaltered, stereological analysis of the testes from double mutants indicates that there was a reduction in type A and I spermatogonial number compared with that observed in individual mutants. Our results provide in vivo genetic evidence to demonstrate that activin receptor IIA signaling plays an important local role within the testis, independent of its actions via FSH homeostasis in the pituitary.
Vibration Reduction in Passively-Isolated Ultra-Precision Manufacturing Machines using Mode Coupling (2016)

Ultra-precision manufacturing (UPM) machines are designed to fabricate and measure complex parts having micrometer-level features and nanometer-level tolerances/surface finishes. Therefore, they must be isolated from deleterious effects of vibration to enable them to meet stringent precision requirements. UPM machine builders often prefer passive isolators for reducing vibration because they are easy to use, cost effective, energy neutral and reliable. A long-standing rule-of-thumb in passive isolation system design, recommended in academic literature and industrial practice, is to decouple all the vibration modes of an isolated machine by aligning the isolator mounting locations with the center of gravity (CG) of the machine. However, there is anecdotal evidence scattered in the literature that suggests that locating isolators such that vibration modes are coupled could help reduce vibrations of passively-isolated machines. What is lacking, however, is a proper understanding of when and how to use mode coupling to achieve superior vibration reduction. This doctoral dissertation research seeks to provide a theoretical foundation as well as analysis-based design guidelines and tools for reducing unwanted vibration in passively-isolated UPM machines using mode coupling. Its primary contributions are threefold. Firstly, it demonstrates that the drastic reduction of vibration caused by mode coupling is primarily linked to so-called “critical configurations” induced by curve veering and mode localization. It therefore clears the misconception purported in academic literature and industrial practice that the vibration-reduction effects of mode coupling on UPM machines are simply linked to damping. Secondly, it proves analytically that mode coupling is almost always better than the recommended practice of modal decoupling with regard to vibration reduction in passively-isolated UPM machines. Thirdly, it proposes a framework for reformulating the generalized UPM isolator placement problem as a linear feedback controller design problem whose gains represent isolator locations. All work is backed up by simulations and experiments conducted on prototypes of UPM machines. The results demonstrate that, when properly exploited, mode coupling could bring about huge reductions in UPM machine vibration compared to modal decoupling; Its methods and findings are also applicable to the placement of passive isolators/suspensions/dampers in automotive, aerospace, civil, and other applications.
Energy-efficient interference-aware precoding for the downlink of multi-cell multi-user MIMO systems (2014)

Energy efficiency (EE) is fast becoming a key performance indicator for designing future wireless communication systems. Equally, precoding/power allocation has proved to be very effective for improving the spectral efficiency (SE) of multi-user (MU) multi-input multi-output (MIMO) communication systems. In a multi-cell environment, other-cell interference (OCI) degrades both the SE and EE performances of the system. We design here an energy efficient OCI-aware precoding/power allocation algorithm for the downlink of MU-MIMO systems by relying on regularized channel inversion and considering a realistic multi-antenna power consumption model. The performance of our proposed scheme is assessed both in presence and absence of OCI and results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach for mitigating OCI. In addition, results show that our approach improves the EE of the system by saving transmit power in comparison with a traditional SE-based precoding/power allocation approach.
Digital compensator design for DC-DC converters based on FPGA: an educational approach (2006)

Digital compensators based on specific hardware are more and more used in the DC-DC converter control. This work presents the design process of an FPGA based linear regulator, paying attention to some design key points. A top-down approach with different CAD tools is the base for the design process
Updating the IERS Conventions to improve reference frames (2005)

The consistency of the reference frames provided by the IERS and its different centers relies on the set of conventional models and procedures that are used to realize them. These conventional models and procedures are mostly the product of the IERS Conventions Center, provided jointly by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) and the U.S. Naval Observatory (USNO). The latest issue is the IERS Conventions (2003), recently published. In this paper we address issues related to this publication and consider the work under way to provide the future updates of the IERS Conventions. 1. THE IERS CONVENTIONS (2003) After final work on remaining issues, mostly in Chapters 5 (Transformation Between the Celestial and Terrestrial Systems), 9 (Tropospheric Model), 10 (General Relativistic Models for Space-Time Coordinates and Equations of Motion) and in the general outline of the document, the final edition of the IERS Conventions (2003) was submitted to the IERS in November 2003. At that same time, the corresponding files were made available in electronic form on the USNO web site ftp://maia.usno.navy.mil/conv2003/ (see also the new site at ftp://tai.bipm.org/iers/conv2003/ which opened in June 2004). The paper edition was released at the end of 2004 (McCarthy and Petit, 2004). The general structure of the IERS Conventions (2003) is described in the Annex. This electronic release was accompanied by a questionnaire to the general IERS community asking for comments on the present version and future evolution of the IERS Conventions. Although less than ten completed questionnaires were returned, several replies contained detailed answers and suggestions summarized below. The questionnaire was divided into 3 main sections: (i) On the value of the just released IERS Conventions (2003), the structure and overall quality were generally considered fine but the delay of publication was generally considered to be a problem. Some inconsistencies / deficiencies were pointed at (see next section). (ii) On the future IERS Conventions, there was unanimous agreement that any update should be by discrete increments (e.g. yearly) even though some continuously updated version may be available unofficially in the mean time. It was also recommended to continue with a paper version. In
Mineralogy of Ga- and Ge-bearing metallurgical slags from Tsumeb, Namibia (2021)

Abstract Gallium (Ga) and germanium (Ge) are technologically important critical elements. Lead blast furnace slags from Tsumeb, Namibia, comprise over two million metric tons of material that contains high levels of Ga (135–156 ppm) and Ge (128–441 ppm) in addition to significant Zn concentrations (up to 11 wt.%) and represent a potential resource for these elements. A combination of mineralogical and chemical methods (PXRD, FEG-SEM-EPMA and LA-ICP-MS) indicated different partitioning of Ga and Ge within the individual slag phases. Gallium is predominantly bound in small euhedral crystals of Zn–Fe–Al spinels (&lt;10 μm in size), exhibiting concentrations in the range of 480–1370 ppm (up to 0.004 atoms per formula unit, apfu). Concentrations of Ga in other phases (e.g. melilite) are systematically below 90 ppm. The principal host of Ge is the silicate glass and, to a lesser extent, silicates (melilite and olivine group phases). Concentrations of Ge in glass attained a concentration of 470 ppm (EPMA), but the LA-ICP-MS analysis of glass matrix containing submicrometre spinel crystallites indicated that average Ge levels vary in the range of 113–394 ppm. In the potential extraction of Ga and Ge, the results indicate that ultrafine milling is needed to liberate the Ga- and Ge-hosting phases prior to metallurgical processing of the slag.
Dose calculation in brachytherapy for a source using a primary and scatter dose separation technique (1996)

A dose calculation algorithm for brachytherapy is presented that reduces errors in absolute dose calculation and facilitates new techniques for modelling heterogeneity effects from tissues, internal shields and superficially positioned sources. The algorithm is based on Monte Carlo simulations for specific source and applicator combinations. The dose is scored separately, in absolute units, for the primary and different categories of scatter according to the photon scatter generation. Radial dose distributions for the primary dose and the total scatter dose are parametrized using functions based on simple one-dimensional transport theory. The fitted radial parameters are functions of the angle to the long axis of the source to account for the anisotropy of the dose distribution. The kerma in air at the reference point 1 m from the source is also simulated using Monte Carlo techniques and both the dose and kerma are normalized per source emitted radiant energy. The calculated kerma per radiant energy is used together with the measured reference air kerma rate and the ratio of the dose to the kerma to calibrate the calculated absolute dose rate. Data are presented for an 192Ir cylindrical source, in combination with water, nylon and stainless steel applicators. Values of the radial dose profiles, specific dose rate constants and corrections to the air kerma for attenuation and scatter in air are calculated. Anisotropy functions for the 192Ir source and a water-equivalent applicator are compared to published values. The effects of the applicator wall material on the radial dose distribution are also discussed.
Zero bias resistance peak in compensated germanium tunnel junctions (1978)

Bias and temperature dependence data are presented for the large zero bias resistance peak observed in In-Ge:As (irradiation compensated) Schottky barrier tunnel junctions. A model based on variable range phonon assisted tunnelling is discussed and shown to be consistent with several important features of the data.
Effect of Ethylene on Cell Division and Deoxyribonucleic Acid Synthesis in Pisum sativum (1972)

Ethylene and supraoptimal levels of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid inhibit the growth of the apical hook region of etiolated Pisum sativum (var. Alaska) seedlings by stopping almost all cell divisions. Cells are prevented from entering prophase. The hormones also retard cell division in intact root tips and completely stop the process in lateral buds. The latter inhibition is reversed partially by benzyl adenine. In root tips and the stem plumular and subhook regions, ethylene inhibits DNA synthesis. The magnitude of this inhibition is correlated with the degree of repression of cell division in meristematic tissue, suggesting that the effect on cell division results from a lack of DNA synthesis. Ethylene inhibits cell division within a few hours with a dose-response curve similar to that for most other actions of the gas. Experiments with seedlings grown under hypobaric conditions suggest that the gas naturally controls plumular expansion and cell division in the apical region.
Neuroendocrine and immune mediators in prostate cancer progression (1998)

Cytokines constitute a diverse group of intercellular signaling proteins that regulate local and systemic, immune and inflammatory responses as well as wound healing and hematopoiesis. The proliferation and maturation of cells of the immune system, both normal and malignant, is regulated by cytokines such as the interleukins. Such cytokines may also influence the proliferation and differentiation of other cell types. Prostate epithelial cells differentiate along two pathways, exocrine or neuroendocrine. Elevation in the exocrine marker prostate-specific antigen and/or the neuroendocrine marker chromogranin A in serum has been associated with prostate cancer progression. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) mRNA is expressed by two androgen-insensitive (AI) but not by three androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cell lines. IL-1 inhibits while IL-2 stimulates the growth of the androgen-sensitive LNCaP cell line. Neither affects growth of AI PC-3 or DU-145 cell lines. IL-1 promotes the neuroendocrine phenotype and IL-2 promotes the exocrine phenotype in prostate cancer. The influence of the immune mediators IL-1 and IL-2 on the growth and differentiation of prostate cancer cells and its implication in tumor progression is described herein. Relationship of IL-1 with bone metastasis and the involvement of ss-2 microglobulin in the development and progression of prostate cancer are also discussed.
Quantitative evaluation of transdermal drug delivery patches on human skin with in vivo THz-TDS (2022)

Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) has been widely used in medical treatments due to various advantages, including delivering drugs at a consistent rate. However, variations in skin hydration can have a significant effect on the permeability of chemicals. Therefore, it is essential to study the changes in skin hydration induced by TDD patches for better control of the delivery rate. In this work, <i>in vivo</i> terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is conducted to quantitatively monitor human skin after the application of patches with different backing materials and propylene glycol concentrations. Changes in skin hydration and skin response to occlusion induced by other patches are investigated and compared. Our work demonstrates the potential application of <i>in vivo</i> THz measurements in label-free, non-invasive evaluation of transdermal patches on human skin and further reveals the mechanism behind the effect.
Parameterizations for sulfuric acid/water nucleation rates (1998)

We present parameterized equations for calculation of sulfuric acid/water critical nucleus compositions and homogeneous nucleation rates. The parameterizations are in agreement with the thermodynamically consistent version of classical binary homogeneous nucleation theory [ Wilemski , 1984] incorporating the hydration effect. The new parameterizations produce nucleation rates that differ by several orders of magnitude from the rates predicted by other parameterizations available in the literature. Model simulations of atmospheric aerosol formation show that the use of the new parameterizations may in some cases result in simulated nucleation mode particle number densities that are by a factor of 1000 lower than those obtained using the old parameterizations.
Event classification for automatic visual-based surveillance of parking lots (2004)

In this paper, a visual-based surveillance system for real-time event detection and classification in parking lots is presented. The focus is on the high-level part of the system, i.e., the event recognition (ER) module, which is able to analyze two kinds of events (i.e., simple and composite events) that occur in the observed scene. Simple events are represented by single moving objects, e.g., vehicles, pedestrians, etc., while a composite event is represented by a set of temporally consecutive simple events, e.g., people exiting a car just entered in the parking area. An adaptive high order neural tree (AHNT) is applied for recognizing both objects and complex events.
Analysis of drilling conditions by a catalog mining method based on Fuzzy c-means algorithm (2020)

To support the engineer in the selection of drills and their machining parameters, we propose a novel catalog mining system based on data mining techniques applied on drill catalogs by using twice the Fuzzy c-means method along with the Maximum Information Coefficient (MIC). We first perform the clustering algorithm Fuzzy c-means that returns the membership degree of every point to each cluster on the parameters defining a series of tools. We then use the maximum information coefficient (or MIC, index measuring the correlation between two parameters) to find the drill or material properties that have the most influence on the drilling conditions in each of the clusters in order to realize a second clustering that includes the drilling conditions. The Davies-Bouldin index (DBI), which evaluates the dispersion inside the clusters, is used to assess the result of the second clustering and find its optimal parameters. Finally, a multi linear regression is used to find the equations predicting the drilling conditions in each sub-cluster. The mean squared error indicator is used to validate the result of the prediction. A new flexible index based on the membership degree value computed by the Fuzzy c-Means algorithm is proposed to filter the points and clarify the borders of the clusters in order to optimize the data used in the regression.