gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AntibioticScout.ch: Eine Entscheidungshilfe für den umsichtigen Einsatz von antimikrobiellen Wirkstoffen: Anwendung in der Kleintiermedizin (2017)

Bacterial resistances to antimicrobial drugs pose serious public health challenges. The observed increase of resistances is attributed to the uncontrolled, massive and often unnecessary administration of antibiotics both in human and veterinary medicine. To support the responsible use of antimicrobials in animals and help veterinarians selecting the most suitable antimicrobial drugs, we developed the AntibioticScout.ch as a comprehensive decision supporting tool providing online access to the current knowledge of rational antibiotic prescription practices. User-friendly search functions allow for the fast and efficient retrieval of information that is structured in this database by animal species, organ systems and therapeutic indications. In addition, an online form allows to report treatment failures in order to identify problematic cases as well as ensuing risks and take appropriate mitigation measures. The present report describes the workflow of this decision support system applied to the prudent use of antimicrobials in companion animal medicine.
Power-saving transportation mode identification for large-scale applications (2017)

Transportation mode detection with personal devices has been investigated for over ten years due to its importance in monitoring ones' activities, understanding human mobility, and assisting traffic management. However, two main limitations are still preventing it from large-scale deployments: high power consumption, and the lack of high-volume and diverse labeled data. In order to reduce power consumption, existing approaches are sampling using fewer sensors and with lower frequency, which however lead to a lower accuracy. A common way to obtain labeled data is recording the ground truth while collecting data, but such method cannot apply to large-scale deployment due to its inefficiency. To address these issues, we adopt a new low-frequency sampling manner with a hierarchical transportation mode identification algorithm and propose an offline data labeling approach with its manual and automatic implementations. Through a real-world large-scale experiment and comparison with related works, our sampling manner and algorithm are proved to consume much less energy while achieving a competitive accuracy around 85%. The new offline data labeling approach is also validated to be efficient and effective in providing ground truth for model training and testing.
Treatment of Metabolic Alkalosis with Peritoneal Dialysis in a Patient with Renal Failure (1978)

Peritoneal dialysis using a chloride-rich dialysate succeeded in correcting systemic metabolic alkalosis in a patient with renal failure. The present approach may have a place in the therapy of metabolic alkalosis.
A Molecular bio-wire based multi-array biosensor with integrated potentiostat (2007)

One of the important factors determining the sensitivity of any biosensing system is successful integration of bio- molecular transducers with peripheral signal processing circuitry. In this paper we present an architecture of a multi-array biosensor that integrates molecular bio-wires based immunosensor with a multi-channel potentiostat array. The biosensor operates by converting binding events between antigen and antibody into a measurable electrical signal using polyaniline nanowires as a transducer. The electrical signal is measured using a multichannel potentiostat where each channel comprises of a semi- synchronous ΣΔ modulator. Measured results using a fabricated potentiostat array demonstrate sensitivity down to 50 femtoampere range which makes it ideal for detecting pathogens at low concentration levels. Experiments using the biosensor array specific to <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Bacillus</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Cereus</i> bacterium validate the functionality of the platform in detecting the pathogen at different concentration levels.
Human++: wireless autonomous sensor technology for body area networks (2011)

Recent advances in ultra-low-power circuits and energy harvesters are making self-powered body wireless autonomous transducer solutions (WATS) a reality. Power optimization at the system and application level is crucial in achieving ultra-low-power consumption for the entire system. This paper deals with innovative WATS modeling techniques, and illustrates their impact on the case of autonomous wireless ElectroCardioGram monitoring. The results show the effectiveness of our power optimization approach for improving the WATS autonomy.
Epithelial-myeloid exchange of MHC class II constrains immunity and microbiota composition (2021)

Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) have long been understood to express high levels of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC class II) molecules but are not considered canonical antigen-presenting cells, and the impact of IEC-MHC class II signaling on gut homeostasis remains enigmatic. As IECs serve as the primary barrier between underlying host immune cells, we reasoned that IEC-intrinsic antigen presentation may play a role in responses toward the microbiota. Mice with an IEC-intrinsic deletion of MHC class II (IEC<sup>ΔMHC class II</sup>) are healthy but have fewer microbial-bound IgA, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and immune repertoire selection. This was associated with increased interindividual microbiota variation and altered proportions of two taxa in the ileum where MHC class II on IECs is highest. Intestinal mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) have similar MHC class II transcription but less surface MHC class II and are capable of acquiring MHC class II from IECs. Thus, epithelial-myeloid interactions mediate development of adaptive responses to microbial antigens within the gastrointestinal tract.
Considerations for applying disk encryptors to environments subject to hostile overrun (2002)

The paper presents a list of considerations for applying a commercial off-the-shelf disk encryptor to an environment where hostile overrun is a significant threat. The considerations include: how the encryption device is configured and interfaced to the workstation, host, or server; encryption key management including key entry, changeover, and quick destruct; and long term off-line storage.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Improving microservice-based applications with runtime placement adaptation (2019)

Microservices are a popular method to design scalable cloud-based applications. Microservice-based applications (μApps) rely on message passing for communication and to decouple each microservice, allowing the logic in each service to scale independently. Complex μApps can contain hundreds of microservices, complicating the ability of DevOps engineers to reason about and automatically optimize the deployment. In particular, the performance and resource utilization of a μApp depends on the placement of the microservices that compose it. However, existing tools for μApps, like Kubernetes, provide minimal ability to influence the placement and utilization of a μApp deployment. In this paper, we first identify the runtime aspects of microservice execution that impact the placement of microservices in a μApp. We then review the challenges of reconfiguring a μApp based on these aspects. Our main contribution is an adaptation mechanism, named REMaP, to manage the placement of microservices in an μApp automatically. To achieve this, REMaP uses microservice affinities and resource usage history. We evaluate our REMaP prototype and demonstrate that our solution is autonomic, lowers resource utilization, and can substantially improve μApp performance.
Smart Cars and Smart Roads. (1995)

This paper describes two projects applying computer vision to intelligent vehicle highway systems (IVHS). The first project has resulted in the development of a system for monitoring traffic scenes using video information. The objective is to estimate traffic parameters and detect quickly disruptive incidents. The second project is aimed at developing vision as a sensor technology for vehicle control using binocular stereopsis.
Synthesis, structure and kinetics of Group 6 metal carbonyl complexes containing a new ‘P2N’ mixed donor multidentate ligand † (2000)

The ‘P2N’ mixed donor ligand 2-(diphenylphosphino)-N-[2-(diphenylphosphino)benzylidene]aniline (PNCHP) reacted with [Cr(CO)4(NBD)] and [M(CO)4(C5H11N)2] (M = Mo or W; NBD = norbornadiene; C5H11N = piperidine) to yield cis-[Cr(CO)4(PNCHP-κ2N,P)] and cis-[M(CO)4(PNCHP-κ2P,P′)] respectively. PNCHP behaves as a ‘P,N’ bidentate ligand when M is Cr and a ‘P,P’ bidentate ligand when M is Mo or W. Heating cis-[Cr(CO)4(PNCHP-κ2N,P)] or cis-[M(CO)4(PNCHP-κ2P,P′)] (M = Mo or W) in toluene affords the complexes mer-[M(CO)3(PNCHP-κ3P,N,P′)] (M = Cr, Mo or W). Reaction of PNCHP with [Mo(CO)3(CHT)] (CHT = 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene) in cold toluene yields fac-[Mo(CO)3(PNCHP-κ3P,N,P′)] which readily isomerises to mer-[Mo(CO)3(PNCHP-κ3P,N,P′)] in solution. PNCHP reacts with UV-irradiated tetrahydrofuran solutions of [M(CO)6] (M = Cr or W) to yield phosphorus bound co-ordination isomers of [M(CO)5(PNCHP-κ1P)]. The same reaction when carried out with one half equivalent of PNCHP yields the PNCHP bridged dinuclear species [{M(CO)5}2(PNCHP-κ2P,P′)]. The compounds have been characterised by spectroscopic means and the single crystal structures of cis-[Cr(CO)4(PNCHP-κ2N,P)], cis-[W(CO)4(PNCHP-κ2P,P′)], mer-[Mo(CO)3(PNCHP-κ3P,N,P′)] and [{W(CO)5}2(PNCHP-κ2P,P′)] determined. In addition, the isomerisation kinetics of fac- to mer-[Mo(CO)3(PNCHP-κ3P,N,P′)] has been studied to determine rate constants and thermodynamic activation parameters.
Mechanism of amyloid fibril formation by human lysozyme and VHHs (2011)

Etude du mécanisme moléculaire de la formation de fibres amyloïdes à l'aide de fragments d'anticorps à chaînes lourdes comme protéines modèles
E-cigarettes: Guiding patients in a time of uncertainty. (2016)

With the emerging popularity of electronic cigarettes, oncology nurses need to be well informed in order to guide patients in making choices that support a healthy lifestyle. Essential information is provided in this article through a review of conventional and electronic cigarette use and current recommendations. Concerns associated with electronic cigarettes are discussed including nicotine addiction, lack of regulation, and lack of evidence as a smoking cessation aid. The potential for harm reduction is also highlighted. Suggestions are provided for how patients with cancer can be guided regarding e-cigarette use.
Receptor-mediated gene transfer into macrophages. (1996)

Gene transfer systems targeting various receptors have been developed to introduce functional genes into cells in culture and into intact animals. A synthetic molecular conjugate, consisting of mannosylated polylysine that exploits endocytosis via the macrophage mannose receptor, was constructed and complexed to expression plasmids containing either the Photinus pyralis luciferase or Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (lacZ) reporter genes. The DNA complexes were used to transfect murine macrophages isolated from peritoneal exudates in vitro. Luciferase and beta-galactosidase activity was found in transfected cells in culture, whereas complexes consisting of an irrelevant plasmid bound to mannosylated polylysine or the expression plasmid bound to galactosylated polylysine resulted in no detectable transgene expression. Gene transfer was inhibited by the addition of excess mannosylated bovine serum albumin to the culture medium before transfection. Reporter genes were also transferred into macrophages residing in the spleen and liver of adult animals using this system. Luciferase activity was maximal at 4 days after transfection and decreased to lower levels by 16 days. Transgene expression conformed to the distribution of cells that had nonspecific esterase, a cytochemical marker for macrophages. Thus, this system can be used to introduce functional genes into macrophages and may be an approach to the treatment of storage diseases that affect the reticuloendothelial system.
Monolithic 16-wavelength selector based on a chain of passband-flattened cyclic AWGs and optical switches (2015)

An InP monolithically integrated wavelength selector based on combinations of integrated AWGs and SOAs selects one out of up to 16 input channels. Loss-compensated, error-free WDM channel selection operation with <2.3 dB penalties is reported, with an OSNR of up to 32.5 dB/0.1 nm.
Restless legs syndrome (2002)

Restless legs syndrome (RLS), first described in 1672 and given its name in 1945, is one of the most common sleep and movement disorders. Modern population-based studies demonstrate a prevalence between 5% and 15% in adult white populations. According to the diagnostic criteria, RLS is defined as an irresistable desire to move limbs, usually associated with paresthesias/dysesthesias and motor restlessness. The symptoms start or worsen at rest and improve with activity. Additionally, the symptoms worsen in the evenings and/or nights, which often results in disturbance of sleep with daytime tiredness. There is often a family history of RLS. Initially, the disease course is usually fluctuating and later may become continuous or chronic-progressive. The diagnosis is based on the patient history and is supported by a normal neurological examination. RLS is confirmed by the finding of periodic limb movements (PLM) in polysomnographic investigations and by a response to dopaminergic medication. A large number of studies have confirmed the effect of levodopa (L-dopa) in the treatment of RLS. A majority of the patients treated over a longer period of time with L-dopa, however, develop problems with an effect called augmentation, where the RLS symptoms begin appearing earlier during the day and involve new parts of the body with increasing severity. A large number of studies have now confirmed that dopamine agonists can also be effective in RLS therapy, and that this treatment seems to involve less risk for augmentation. This paper provides a general review of RLS with a focus on current treatment options.
Slow Waves in Linear and Nonlinear Photonic Crystal Waveguides –Figures of Merit. (2004)

Performance of the optical delay lines and nonlinear devices based on slow wave propagation in photonic crystal waveguides in the presence of higher order dispersion is analyzed and compared with other slow light schemes.
Subnanometer Substructures in Nanoassemblies Formed from Clusters under a Reactive Atmosphere Revealed Using Machine Learning (2018)

Size-selected clusters, soft-landed on an oxide substrate, is a promising and highly tunable material for heterogeneous catalysis. Agglomeration of the deposited clusters, however, leads to changes in the particle properties and structure. The latter for such cluster assemblies can also be different from that in self-standing nanoparticles of similar sizes. To monitor the formation of such complex materials, in situ studies at different length scales are required. Toward that goal, we combined small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, ab initio simulations, and machine learning (artificial neural network) techniques. We detected significant differences between the sizes of particle agglomerates, as probed by SAXS, and the sizes of locally ordered regions, as seen by XANES. We interpret these differences as an evidence for the fractal, grape-cluster-like structure of the agglomerates; thus, XANES and SAXS provide highly complementary structural information. This finding can have a profound effect on our understanding of particle sintering and assembly processes and of structure–properties relationship in ultradispersed metal catalysts in reaction conditions.
High luminance nano-structured zinc oxide thin film fabrication (2013)

ZnO nanorods were fabricated on as-deposited ZnO film with catalyst free method. The ZnO nanorods could be well-ordered with optimizing the parameters during radio frequency magnetron deposition and reducing annealing processed. The high blue-green photoluminescence could be observed from ZnO nanorods on Si substrate.
Comparison of Dn4- and Dn7-Carrying Spring Wheat Genotypes Artificially Infested with Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) Biotype 1 (2005)

Genetic resistance is a useful control strategy for managing Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), in wheat, Triticum aestivum L. In 2003, a Russian wheat aphid population (denoted as biotype 2) identified in Colorado was virulent to genotypes carrying the Dn4 Russian wheat aphid resistance gene, necessitating the rapid identification and deployment of new sources of resistance. Although the Dn7 gene had shown excellent resistance to Russian wheat aphid biotypes 1 and 2 in evaluations in the greenhouse, no information is available on the amount of protection provided by Dn7 under field conditions. The objective of this study was to compare the reaction of Dn4- and Dn7-carrying spring wheat genotypes under artificial infestation by Russian wheat aphid biotype 1 in the field. Irrigated field experiments were conducted in 2003 and 2004 in a split-split plot arrangement with six replications. The whole plot treatment was infestation level (control, 1x, and 10x Russian wheat aphids), and the subplot treatment was resistance source (Dn4- and Dn7-carrying genotypes). The sub-subplot treatment consisted of side-by-side planting of resistant and susceptible genotypes. The Dn4 subplot was significantly more damaged than the Dn7 subplot in 2003, but not in 2004. Interaction effects observed in 2004 suggested an advantage of Dn7 relative to Dn4 in terms of reduced Russian wheat aphid abundance and plant damage. Deployment of the Dn7 Russian wheat aphid resistance gene should provide protection in the field comparable with that provided by the Dn4 resistance gene for management of Russian wheat aphid biotype 1.
[Clinical research on arteriovenous internal fistula made by various blood vessels]. (2000)

Arteriovenous internal fistulas made by autogenous and homologous blood vessels have high permeability and low incidence rate of complication, they are superior to the arteriovenous internal fistula made by artificial Teflon blood vessels.
Depletion of the surface CD4 molecule by the envelope protein of human immunodeficiency virus expressed in a human CD4+ monocytoid cell line (1989)

A CD4+ human monocytoid cell line, U937, was transfected with a constructed plasmid which has the envelope gene of human immunodeficiency virus under the transcriptional control of the human metallothionein IIA promoter and was cloned thereafter. These cloned cell lines (EH and EL cells) expressed the viral gp160 in the cytoplasm. The expression of surface CD4 antigen examined by Leu3a and OKT4 monoclonal antibodies, however, disappeared completely in EH cells, which produce a larger amount of gp160, while diminishing only partly in EL cells, which produce a smaller amount of gp160. These results indicate that the level of expression of surface CD4 antigen correlates inversely with the amount of intracellular gp160. Moreover, immunoprecipitation studies using lysate from EH cells showed that OKT4 monoclonal antibody precipitated a significant number of CD4 molecules even after surface CD4 disappeared. However, Leu3a monoclonal antibody, which recognizes the binding site for envelope protein, could not precipitate any CD4 molecules in the same cell lysate. Taken together, these results suggested that CD4 molecules are still synthesized normally after the augmented production of gp160 in the cells but form a complex with the envelope protein in the cytoplasm and become unable to be transported to the cell surface, resulting in the observed depletion of surface CD4 antigen. This mechanism may explain the decrease or absence of surface CD4 antigens in human lymphocytes infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
A Case of Multiple Gastric Carcinoid Associated with Hypergastrinemia (2004)

症例は38歳の男性で, 健康診断精査時の上部消化管内視鏡検査にて胃内に多発する小ポリープを指摘された. 生検の結果, 胃カルチノイドと診断され当科紹介となった. 血液検査では血清ガストリン値が800pg/mlと高値であり, 内視鏡的胃酸分泌試験で無酸を呈していた. 超音波内視鏡で最大のポリープは深達度sm1と診断され, リンパ節転移の可能性もあると判断し胃全摘術およびD1リンパ節郭清を施行した. 病理組織所見では最大のポリープを含めた3個のポリープがカルチノイドで, 他は過形成ポリープと診断された. 最大のカルチノイドは深達度smで静脈侵襲陽性 (v1) であったが, 他のカルチノイドはmに限局し脈管侵襲陰性でリンパ節転移は認めなかった. 術後は合併症なく経過, 血中ガストリン値も正常化し第27病日に退院した. A型胃炎に続発し高ガストリン血症を伴う多発性胃カルチノイドの1例を呈示し, その病態と治療方針について文献的考察を加えて報告する.
Power Requirements for Vehicle Suspension Systems (1992)

SUMMARY This paper attempts to analyze the power requirements of a vehicle due solely to its suspension system, neglecting the important powers associated with air and rolling resistance. Power requirements for active and passive suspensions are compared using the simplest possible mathematical model. A mass in a gravity field moves at constant velocity over a surface and is supported by a point contact on the surface by a massless but otherwise arbitrary suspension system. It is shown that the average propulsive power required is equal to the average power lost in the suspension. In the limit cases of very stiff or very soft suspensions this power vanishes. Passive suspensions require no other power, but active suspensions may require significant extra power from the prime mover to generate the suspension forces.
Trauma Scoring (2002)

Severity scales to characterize the nature and extent of injury are important adjuncts to trauma care systems, trauma research and many of the elements of a complete public health approach to injury. This article provides a brief overview of severity scale development over the past 30 years during which the science to support such initiatives has matured substantially. Anatomical, physiological, intensive care, composite and complex scales and models now abound and are being applied to a variety of tasks with increasing precision. Trauma registries enable the meaningful aggregation of data for the development and testing of models. Future challenges are identified as are potentially fruitful avenues of research.
Evaluation of Intervention Strategies for Idiopathic Diarrhea in Commercial Turkey Brooding Houses (2005)

In 3 separate commercial turkey brooder houses, we compared the effects of selected probiotic bacteria or antibiotics on performance of poults within a complex that was routinely experiencing mild idiopathic diarrhea and stunting. In all experiments, treatments of probiotic cultures or antibiotics were administered in the water. Poults were tagged and placed into individual pens (20 per pen, 4 replicate pens per treatment) within the brooding house, and performance was evaluated by body weight or body weight gain. In the first experiment, poults receiving 1 of 2 probiotic cultures weighed significantly more than nontreated or antibiotic-treated poults. In the second experiment, there were no significant differences among any of the groups. A third experiment was performed during a clinically significant Salmonella seftenburg infection. In this experiment, poults receiving antibiotics followed by a probiotic culture had significantly higher weight gain than nontreated or probiotic-treated poults.