gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activation of iCaspase-9 in Neovessels Inhibits Oral Tumor Progression (2006)

Tumors of the oral cavity are highly vascularized malignancies. Disruption of neovascular networks was shown to limit the access of nutrients and oxygen to tumor cells and inhibit tumor progression. Here, we evaluated the effect of the activation of an artificial death switch (iCaspase-9) expressed in neovascular endothelial cells on the progression of oral tumors. We used biodegradable scaffolds to co-implant human dermal microvascular endothelial cells stably expressing iCaspase-9 (HDMEC-iCasp9) with oral cancer cells expressing luciferase (OSCC3-luc or UM-SCC-17B-luc) in immunodeficient mice. Alternatively, untransduced HDMEC were co-implanted with oral cancer cells, and a transcriptionaly targeted adenovirus (Ad-VEGFR2-iCasp-9) was injected locally to deliver iCaspase-9 to neovascular endothelial cells. In vivo bioluminescence demonstrated that tumor progression was inhibited, and immunohistochemistry showed that microvessel density was decreased, when iCaspase-9 was activated in tumor-associated microvessels. We conclude that activation of iCaspase-9 in neovascular endothelial cells is sufficient to inhibit the progression of xenografted oral tumors.
A comparison of double‐tuned surface coils (1989)

The combined acquisition of proton images and localized spectra is considered essential to the practical application of NMR techniques to human and animal research. Double-tuned surface coils which have been introduced to the literature are intended to address the problem; however, a careful evaluation of available designs is lacking. The "trap" method, the loop gap resonator design, and the transformer-coupled double-tuned design are evaluated here using bench tests of signal intensity and Q as well as signal-to-noise measurements on a 2-T imager/spectrometer. Comparisons are made relative to optimized single-tuned circuits of the same size for both protons at 85 MHz and phosphorus at 34 MHz. The results suggest that the "trap" design and the transformer coupled design are very efficient (98%) in the low-frequency mode (34 MHz) while the loop gap resonator is relatively inefficient (82%). In the high-frequency mode (85 MHz) the loop gap resonator is 75% efficient while the "trap" design and the transformer coupled coil are closer to 50% efficient.
Predicting bloodstream infection outcome using machine learning (2021)

Abstract Bloodstream infections (BSI) are a main cause of infectious disease morbidity and mortality world-wide. Early prediction of patients at high risk of poor outcomes of BSI is important for earlier decision making and effective patient stratification. We developed electronic medical record-based machine learning models that predict patient outcomes of BSI. The area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve was 0.82 for a full featured inclusive model, and 0.81 for a compact model using only 25 features. Our models were trained, using electronic medical records that include demographics, blood tests, and the medical and diagnosis history of 7,889 hospitalized patients diagnosed with BSI. Among the implications of this work is implementation of the models as a basis for selective rapid microbiological identification, toward earlier administration of appropriate antibiotic therapy. Additionally, our models may help reduce the development of BSI and its associated adverse health outcomes and complications.
A Synthetic Route to (±)-Clavizepine through a Dibenzoxepine Intermediate (1996)

A new synthesis of (±)-clavizepine (1a), based on the dibenzoxepinediol 10 as main intermediate is described. The key step is the contraction of the oxepine ring to give the xanthene-9-carboxyaldehyde 11, on which the nitrogenated ring can be readily assembled.
Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)-Kibdelone C (2011)

The kibdelones are aromatic polyketide natural products featuring isoquinolinone and tetrahydroxanthone ring systems. They display potent cytotoxicity toward a range of human cancer cell lines. Here, we present an enantioselective total synthesis of kibdelone C that utilizes a Shi epoxidation to establish the absolute and relative stereochemistry, an acid-catalyzed cyclization to form the tetrahydroxanthone, and a C-H arylation to complete the hexacyclic skeleton.
WEANING THE THORATEC LVAD (2003)

Purpose: The best method of weaning a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) after myocardial recovery from chronic mechanical unloading is unknown. We evaluated different modes of weaning to determine which offers the greatest hemodynamic advantage. Methods: Eight calves with normal LV function underwent Thoratec LVAD implantation. After 30 min of stable flow in the auto mode each animal was weaned utilizing both protocols with 30 min of rest in between. The standard wean with rate reduction (rate 60/40) vs weaning with limited stroke volume (rate 80/100/120/140) was evaluated. During the study the CVP was maintained at 20 cm H2O, MAP ± 70 mm Hg and vacuum −40 mm Hg. All hemodynamic data was continuously recorded. Results: All animals were weaned with both protocols alternating the sequence. Seven (88%) required vasopressor support. The average crytalloids infused was 2754 cc (range 635 cc - 5000 cc).Table 1
Active Device Generation for Automatic Analog Layout Retargeting Tool (2004)

2 Designing high quality analog circuits demands special attention and usually is time consuming. To speed up the process, an automatic analog layout retargeting tool based on a “recycling ” scheme has been proposed to produce a layout preserving the designer’s expertise through the use of structural symbolic template in a constraint graph form. Unfortunately, the automatically generated template highly restricts changes in the layout topology, which sometimes limits the range of geometric size specifications and consequently affects the layout performance. In this report, a technique to regenerate active device is presented as part of the layout generation tool. Its procedure involves the removal, reconstruction, and reconnection of the geometrically altered device. The scheme also preserves device matching through a mirrored device placement and symmetry constraints enforcement on the template. The implementations are conducted in the constraint-graph template to ensure layout compactness and to secure good rewiring. Together with the active device generator, the retargeting tool successfully generates multiple high-quality layouts, from which the most desirable one can be selected.
Assay‐Dependent Results of Immunoassayable Spontaneous 24‐Hour Growth Hormone Secretion in Short Children (1990)

Forty-eight children, referred for evaluation of short stature, underwent 24-hour spontaneous growth hormone (GH) secretion studies. The GH level in pooled sera was assessed for each child, using up to 11 commercial immunoassays. In a group of 15 children, the mean GH values obtained by nine of the assays were compared with the mean value given by a polyclonal radioimmunoassay (RIA) from Sorin: four gave higher results (p less than 0.0001), three gave comparable results and two gave lower results (p less than 0.001). The assay yielding the highest results (Nichols: 5.9 +/- 2.3 ng/ml, mean +/- SD) gave values that were approximately triple those obtained by the assay yielding the lowest results (Hybritech: 1.8 +/- 0.8 ng/ml; p less than 0.0001); both of these are monoclonal immunoradiometric assays (IRMAs). The GH concentrations measured in 24-hour pools from 32 children using a monoclonal IRMA from Biomérieux were similar to those obtained using a polyclonal RIA from Farmos (2.8 +/- 1.1 ng/ml and 2.9 +/- 1.4 ng/ml, respectively) but significantly lower than those measured by another polyclonal RIA from Sorin (3.5 +/- 1.5 ng/ml). Two polyclonal assays (Biomérieux and Sorin) were then used to measure the GH levels in all of the 30-minute samples and in the day, night and 24-hour pools from the secretion studies of 22 children. The ratio of the results of the two assays remained fairly constant for a given child (although the GH levels in different 30-minute samples differed considerably). However, the ratios between different children showed quite wide variation (from 2.03 to 1.04).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Optimizing human Treg immunotherapy by Treg subset selection and E-selectin ligand expression (2018)

While human Tregs hold immense promise for immunotherapy, their biologic variability poses challenges for clinical use. Here, we examined clinically-relevant activities of defined subsets of freshly-isolated and culture-expanded human PBMC-derived Tregs. Unlike highly suppressive but plastic memory Tregs (memTreg), naïve Tregs (nvTreg) exhibited the greatest proliferation, suppressive capacity after stimulation, and Treg lineage fidelity. Yet, unlike memTregs, nvTregs lack Fucosyltransferase VII and display low sLe<sup>X</sup> expression, with concomitant poor homing capacity. In vitro nvTreg expansion augmented their suppressive function, but did not alter the nvTreg sLe<sup>X-l</sup><sup>°</sup><sup>w</sup> glycome. However, exofucosylation of the nvTreg surface yielded high sLe<sup>X</sup> expression, promoting endothelial adhesion and enhanced inhibition of xenogeneic aGVHD. These data indicate that the immature Treg glycome is under unique regulation and that adult PBMCs can be an ideal source of autologous-derived therapeutic Tregs, provided that subset selection and glycan engineering are engaged to optimize both their immunomodulation and tropism for inflammatory sites.
Spin Biochemistry Modulates Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production by Radio Frequency Magnetic Fields (2014)

The effects of weak magnetic fields on the biological production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from intracellular superoxide (O2•-) and extracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were investigated in vitro with rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (rPASMC). A decrease in O2•- and an increase in H2O2 concentrations were observed in the presence of a 7 MHz radio frequency (RF) at 10 μTRMS and static 45 μT magnetic fields. We propose that O2•- and H2O2 production in some metabolic processes occur through singlet-triplet modulation of semiquinone flavin (FADH•) enzymes and O2•- spin-correlated radical pairs. Spin-radical pair products are modulated by the 7 MHz RF magnetic fields that presumably decouple flavin hyperfine interactions during spin coherence. RF flavin hyperfine decoupling results in an increase of H2O2 singlet state products, which creates cellular oxidative stress and acts as a secondary messenger that affects cellular proliferation. This study demonstrates the interplay between O2•- and H2O2 production when influenced by RF magnetic fields and underscores the subtle effects of low-frequency magnetic fields on oxidative metabolism, ROS signaling, and cellular growth.
Planning-Based Approach for Fusing Data from Multiple Sources for Construction Productivity Monitoring (2011)

Project management tasks, such as productivity monitoring and cost estimation, require data to be fused from multiple data sources. Data fusion approaches incorporated in the existing research studies within the construction management domain support a specific task or a decision (e.g., labor productivity monitoring or defect detection). Hence, most of the previously developed approaches do not necessarily support tasks other than the ones that they were intended for. This paper describes an automated planning approach as a general way to fuse data from multiple sources to support construction productivity monitoring tasks. A prototype system, which incorporates two planning algorithms, was developed to validate the generality of the approach on the basis of representative queries of construction engineers and managers identified in previous research studies.
Adaptive tree-structured subspace classification of hyperspectral images (2002)

We present a scheme called "adaptive tree-structured subspace classification" (ATSC) for unsupervised classification of hyperspectral images. This novel approach is based on a self-organizing mechanism which results in adaptive subspace representation for each class. It integrates the process of feature extraction and classification under the framework of subspace pattern recognition. ATSC differs from normal subspace classification methods in that it can proceed without a predetermined number of class or trial-error iteration. This adaptivity is realized by introducing a tree structured dual subspace division algorithm in a competitive learning manner. The scheme is tested and verified on AVIRIS images.
A New F-18 Labeled PET Agent For Imaging Alzheimer’s Plaques (2011)

Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Advances in development of imaging agents have focused on targeting amyloid plaques. Notable success has been the development of C‐11 labeled PIB (Pittsburgh Compound) and a number of studies have demonstrated the utility of this agent. However, the short half life of C‐11 (t1/2: 20 min), is a limitation, thus has prompted the development of F‐18 labeled agents. Most of these agents are derivatives of amyloid binding dyes; Congo red and Thioflavin. Some of these agents are in clinical trials with encouraging results. We have been exploring new class of agents based on 8‐hydroxy quinoline, a weak metal chelator, targeting elevated levels of metals in plaques. Iodine‐123 labeled clioquinol showed affinity for amyloid plaques however, it had limited brain uptake and was not successful in imaging in intact animals and humans. We have been successful in synthesizing F‐18 labeled 8‐hydroxy quinoline. Small animal PET/CT imaging studies with this agent showed high (7–10% ID/g), rapid brain uptake and fast washout of the agent from normal mice brains and delayed washout from transgenic Alzheimer’s mice. These promising results encouraged us in further evaluation of this class of compounds for imaging AD plaques.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE TROPINE ESTER OF PHENYLGLYOXYLIC ACID AND ITS DERIVATIVES. NEW METHOD FOR PREPARING HOMATROPINE (1978)

Abstract Das Medikament Homatropin wird nach bisheriger Herstellungsweise mit nur niedrigen Ausbeuten erhalten.
A computational framework for distinguishing directversusindirect interactions in human functional protein–protein interaction networks (2017)

Recognition of indirect interactions is instrumental to in silico reconstruction of signaling pathways and sheds light on the exploration of unknown physical paths between two indirectly interacting genes. However, very limited computational methods have explicitly exploited the indirect interactions with experimental evidence thus far. In this work, we attempt to distinguish direct versus indirect interactions in human functional protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks via a predictive l<sub>2</sub>-regularized logistic regression model built on the experimental data. The l<sub>2</sub>-regularized logistic regression method is adopted to counteract the potential homolog noise and reduce the computational complexity on large training data. Computational results show that the proposed model demonstrates promising performance even though the training data are highly skewed. From the 304 799 PPIs that are curated in several databases, the proposed method detects 23 131 indirect interactions, most of which have been verified by the breadth-first graph search algorithm to find dozens of physical paths between the interacting partners. Pathway enrichment analysis shows that most of the physical paths can be mapped onto more than one human signaling pathway, indicating that there do exist a series of biochemical signals between the two indirectly interacting genes. The interactome-scale computational results promise to provide useful cues to the following applications: (1) exploration of unknown physical PPIs or physical paths between two indirectly interacting genes; (2) amending or extending the existing signaling pathways; (3) recognition of the physical PPIs for druggable target discovery.
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): String Representation of Distinguished Names (2006)

The X.500 Directory uses distinguished names (DNs) as primary keys to entries in the directory.This document defines the string representation used in the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) to transfer distinguished names.The string representation is designed to give a clean representation of commonly used distinguished names, while being able to represent any distinguished name.
Optimization of Mating Frequencies of Sires in Japanese Brown Cattle Based on their Expected Progeny Differences (1995)

集団の有効な大きさは,近交係数の上昇量,選抜反応の機会的な変動,望ましい遺伝子が消失する確率などと密接な関係を持ち,育種計画を立案する際には考慮すべき最も重要なパラメータの1つである.和牛の育種においては,少数の種雄牛に供用が集中することによって,集団の有効な大きさが劇的な縮小を示していることが指摘されてきた.本研究では遺伝的改良量を一定値に保った上で,集団の有効な大きさを最大化する方法を提示した.その方法では,各種雄牛の交配頻度が期待後代差(EPD)に基づいて決定される.得られた方法を1993年度の熊本県褐毛和種集団に適用し,種雄牛の交配頻度の最適化を試みた.得られた結果の概要は以下の通りである.1) 現実の交配頻度に基づいた集団の有効な大きさの推定値は,年当たりで約20であった.特に脂肪交雑評点(BMS)に関して最も優れたEPDを持つ種雄牛の交配頻度は,総交配頻度の約40%を占めていた.このような著しい交配の偏りが集団の有効な大きさの縮小のおもな原因であると考えられた.2) BMSに関する遺伝的改良量を現状値に維持した上で種雄牛の交配頻度に最適化を施したところ,集団の有効な大きさは約50%拡大できることがわかった.現状の交配頻度と最適化された交配頻度を比較してみると,交配頻度にはかなりの改善の余地が残されていることが明らかになった.以上の結果から,本研究で提示した方法は,交配指導を行なう際の指針を示すものとして有効であると考えられた.
Dynamically Reversible Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Assemblies for Targeted Amplification of T1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Tumors (2019)

Smart magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agents, by which MR contrast can be selectively enhanced under acidic tumor microenvironment, are anticipated to significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy. Here, we report pH-sensitive iron oxide nanoparticle assemblies (IONAs) that are cross-linked by small-molecular aldehyde derivative ligands. The dynamic formation and cleavage of hydrazone linkages in neutral and acidic environments, respectively, allow the reversible response of the nanoassemblies to pH variations. At neutral pH, IONAs are structurally robust due to the cross-linking by the strong hydrazone bonds. In acidic tumor microenvironment, the hydrazone bonds are cleaved so that the IONAs are quickly disassembled into a large number of hydrophilic extremely small-sized iron oxide nanoparticles (ESIONs). As a result, significantly enhanced T1MR contrast is achieved, as confirmed by the measurement of <i>r</i>1 values at different pH conditions. Such acidity-targeting MR signal amplification by the pH-sensitive IONAs was further validated in vivo, demonstrating a novel T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) strategy for highly sensitive imaging of acidic tumors.
Synthesis of Substituted 4-Arylpiperidin-2-ones by a 6-exo-Trig Radical Cyclization (2006)

International audience
Vector Mode effects in Few Moded Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (2013)

We numerically investigate the effects of vector mode evolution in FM-EDFAs and show that evolution of the transverse pump and signal intensities can have a profound effect on the detailed amplifier performance depending on the nature of the pump and signal modes involved.
Community driven development in South Africa, 1990-2004 (2005)

South Africa has a rich history of community-based development which provides a strong foundation for community-driven development (CDD). With the advent of the democratic era in 1994, Government has pursued an explicit strategy to formulate public policy, plan and establish fiscal frameworks that are directly supportive of community empowerment. The frameworks that have been put in place to allow the local sphere to support community empowerment are impressive. Local councils are subject to validation through regular access to free and fair elections. Local government jurisdictions now cover 100 percent of South Africa's land area and all residents of the country, and the 284 local governments are explicitly tasked with responding to most service and infrastructure demands of communities. The planning process of the public sector is driven by Integrated Development Plans (IDPs) that are intended to be based on extensive consultation with communities. The country's medium term planning process plays out in all local government jurisdictions and affords all citizens the opportunity to influence the allocation of public resources to meet community demands. The intergovernmental fiscal framework supports both the governance structure and the IDP process by making predictable and transparent allocations of both unconditional and conditional grants to local governments to meet community demands. The objective of this study was therefore to analyze CDD in South Africa since 1991, the year in which the race-based Group Areas Act was rescinded. The study covers the history, the development of the supporting institutions of decentralization, the degree of community empowerment and capacity development already achieved within that framework, and the obstacles still standing in the way of fully accountable community empowerment and scaling up. The analysis identifies the key policy constraints to improving the implementation of service delivery and development programs across sectors and spheres of government.
Catálogo bibliográfico de publicaciones enfermeras: (1541-1978) (2008)

Este libro prologado por el actual Ministro de Sanidad (Bernat Soria), aborda un estudio historiografico que recopila publicaciones relacionadas con la profesion enfermera durante mas de 400 anos y consta de dos partes: de 1541 a 1953 y de esta fecha a 1977 en que la Enfermeria accede a rango universitario [Fragmento de texto]
Effects of Red Ginseng on Neural Injuries with Reference to the Molecular Mechanisms (2019)

Red ginseng, as an effective herbal medicine, has been traditionally and empirically used for the treatment of neuronal diseases. Many studies suggest that red ginseng and its ingredients protect the brain and spinal cord from neural injuries such as ischemia, trauma, and neurodegeneration. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of red ginseng and its ingredients. Ginsenoside Rb1 and other ginsenosides are regarded as the active ingredients of red ginseng; the anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative actions of ginsenosides, together with a series of bioactive molecules relevant to the above actions, appear to account for the neuroprotective effects in vivo and/or in vitro. Moreover, in this review, the possibility is raised that more effective or stable neuroprotective derivatives based on the chemical structures of ginsenosides could be developed. Although further studies, including clinical trials, are necessary to confirm the pharmacological properties of red ginseng and its ingredients, red ginseng and its ingredients could be promising candidate drugs for the treatment of neural injuries.
Bromonium Ion Induced Transannular Oxonium Ion Formation−Fragmentation in Model Obtusallene Systems and Structural Reassignment of Obtusallenes V−VII (2009)

Ring-closing metathesis was used to construct the strained 11-membered ring of obtusallenes II (and IV). Bromonium ion induced transannular oxonium ion formation-fragmentation gave the macrocyclic carbon skeleton of obtusallene VII with a bromine atom at C-13, in line with a previously published hypothesis. An additional brominated [5.5.1]bicyclotridecane adduct that must arise from a bromonium ion induced transannular oxonium ion formation-fragmentation could also be isolated, suggesting that this adduct represents the core of an as yet undiscovered natural product. An authentic sample of obtusallene V was studied by NMR spectroscopy, and the position of the halogens at C-7 and C-13 was reassigned on the basis of a (13)C NMR chlorine induced isotopic shift. This revised structure was subsequently confirmed by X-ray crystallography. These findings allow us to confidently conclude that the structures of obtusallenes VII and VI should also be reassigned.