gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improvement of rapidly progressive lupus nephritis associated MPO-ANCA with tacrolimus (2010)

A 43-year-old Japanese woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) developed rapidly progressive renal failure and nephritic syndrome with a high titer of myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA). Methylprednisolone pulse therapy did not suppress the progression of renal failure. Intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse therapy and administration of azathioprine was abandoned due to adverse effects. Tacrolimus was employed as an alternative immunosuppressive therapy and was well tolerated, effectively preventing renal failure. Oral prednisolone dosage was successfully tapered without recurrence, along with decreasing titer of MPO-ANCA. Renal biopsy showed diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis (International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society class IV-G A/C) with crescent formation. These findings indicate that in addition to lupus nephritis, which usually results from deposition of circulating or locally formed immune complexes, MPO-ANCA may be involved in the pathogenesis of crescentic glomerulonephritis. Furthermore, we propose that tacrolimus is an effective immunosuppressant for MPO-ANCA-related renal crisis in diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis.
Biology of Isozymes (1975)

Isozymes are the multiple molecular forms of an enzyme synthesized by members of a single species. Probably most enzymes exist in two or more isozymic forms; they may have either a genetic or an epigenetic origin. The study of isozymes has given a new dimension to enzymology and has revealed previously unrecognized metabolic subtleties that enable organisms to fulfill highly specialized metabolic requirements.
Demographic and lifestyle factors associated with adherence to the Mediterranean diet in relation to overweight/obesity among Israeli adolescents: findings from the Mabat Israeli national youth health and nutrition survey (2016)

Israeli adolescents had overall a high rate of poor MD adherence. Jewish middle-school children were at the highest risk. Interventions aimed at increasing physical activity, reducing sedentary time, improving mother's education and promoting reading of food labels are recommended.
Drastische Verkürzung von Inkubationszeiten bei immunhämatologischen Untersuchungen durch Einsatz von Mikrowellengeräten (1995)

Many methods for the detection of red cell antibodies of the IgG type need incubation times between 15 and 20min at 37 °C. Microwaves induce a rapid movement of molecules resulting in heat delivery into the solution. A group from China shortened the incubation time of ELISA procedures from 1 -1.5 h to 15-20 s. To the best of our knowledge no attempts to use microwave irradiation in immunohematology have been published. We now report preliminary results for the gel technique (ID system), blood group typing on microtiter plates (Erytype), the SolidScreen test and the cross-match in plastic vials. Both the ICT and enzyme-dependent methods could significantly be shortened to incubation times of 60-75 s without a relevant loss of specificity and sensitivity for most of the antibodies tested. The commercially available microwave instruments that we used proved to be not ideal for our purposes. The choice of instruments capable of measuring the temperature within a defined solution should improve the results further, allowing microwave techniques to become routine methods of the immunohematological laboratory.
Monoclonal Antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum Circumsporozoite Protein (2017)

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by the parasite <i>Plasmodium</i> spp. Malaria continues to have a devastating impact on human health. Sporozoites are the infective forms of the parasite inside mosquito salivary glands. Circumsporozoite protein (CSP) is a major and immunodominant protective antigen on the surface of <i>Plasmodium</i> sporozoites. Here, we report a generation of specific monoclonal antibodies that recognize the central repeat and C-terminal regions of <i>P. falciparum</i> CSP. The monoclonal antibodies 3C1, 3C2, and 3D3-specific for the central repeat region-have higher titers and protective efficacies against challenge with sporozoites compared with 2A10, a gold standard monoclonal antibody that was generated in early 1980s.
Production of Transgenic Cloned Miniature Pigs with Membrane-bound Human Fas Ligand (FasL) by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (2010)

Abstract Cell-mediated xenograft rejection, including NK cells and CD8+ CTL, is a major obstacle in successful pig-to-human xenotransplantation. Human CD8+ CTL and NK cells display high cytotoxicity for pig cells, mediated at least in part by the Fas/FasL pathway. To prevent cell-mediated xenocytotoxicity, a membrane-bound form of human FasL (mFasL) was generated as an inhibitor for CTL and NK cell cytotoxicity that could not be cleaved by metalloproteinase to produce putative soluble FasL. We produced two healthy transgenic pigs harboring the mFasL gene via somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). In a cytotoxicity assay using transgenic clonal cell lines and transgenic pig ear cells, the rate of CD8+ CTL-mediated cytotoxicity was significantly reduced in transgenic pig&amp;apos;s ear cells compared with that in normal minipig fetal fibroblasts. Our data indicate that grafts of transgenic pigs expressing membrane-bound human FasL control the cellular immune response to xenografts, creating a window of opportunity to facilitate xenograft survival.
Scalable color image indexing and retrieval using vector wavelets (2001)

This paper presents a scalable content-based image indexing and retrieval system based on vector wavelet coefficients of color images. Highly decorrelated wavelet coefficient planes are used to acquire a search efficient feature space. The feature space is subsequently indexed using properties of all the images in the database. Therefore, the feature key of an image not only corresponds to the content of the image itself but also to how much the image is different from the other images being stored in the database. The search time linearly depends on the number of images similar to the query image and is independent of the database size. We show that, in a database of 5,000 images, query search takes less than 30 msec on a 266 MHz Pentium II processor, compared to several seconds of retrieval time in the earlier systems proposed in the literature.
Software-Hardware Architecture for Distributed Compute at the Edge (2023)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-1078.vid In recent years, commercial companies have begun deploying large constellations of small satellites in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). The Department of Defense is currently planning proliferated LEO (pLEO) constellations, and NASA is examining the utility of "swarms" of small spacecraft to achieve scientific objectives. Such constellations may need distributed onboard computing to meet requirements for low latency and reliability. A spacecraft constellation can be viewed as a cluster of computer hardware nodes and is therefore a type of edge computing. This paper documents a High-Performance Computing (HPC) Module Architecture to enable edge computing in space. This paper was originally approved for public release as Aerospace Report Number ATR-2022-01979.
SMT-based verification of temporal properties for component-based software systems (2020)

We introduce a technique to verify temporal properties expressed in MTL on Interval Message Sequence Charts (IMSC), a model based on UML2.0 MSC that captures the timed execution of component-based software systems. We accomplish this by encoding the IMSC and the property of interest in a constraint satisfaction problem, which is then solved with an SMT solver. We demonstrate the scalability of this technique with a synthetic case study and a large-scale industrial case study.
The bone marrow microenvironment influences the differential chemokine receptor expression of normal and neoplastic plasma cells (2005)

A number of mechanisms may explain the clinical and biologic differences in behavior between monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and myeloma plasma cells (PCs). These include inherent differences in PC programming, immortalization of PCs at different stages of differentiation,
All-optical 1550 to 1310 nm wavelength converter (2006)

An all-optical 1550 to 1310 nm wavelength converter based on a co-polarised dual-pumping four-wave mixing technique in a photonic crystal fibre is demonstrated. Using this novel method, an ultra-broadband wavelength converter with tunable range of over 340 nm has been achieved.
Vitamin D metabolism in human prostate cells: implications for prostate cancer chemoprevention by vitamin D. (2006)

The autocrine synthesis of 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 from vitamin D3 suggests that maintaining adequate levels of serum vitamin D could be a safe and effective chemo-preventive measure to decrease the risk of prostate cancer.
In search of the prototype of nitric oxide synthase (2003)

Recent identification of the prokaryotic genes related to the catalytic oxygenase domain of mammalian nitric oxide synthase (NOS) has led to speculations on the origins of the NO signaling network. NOS activity in eukaryotes relies on the concerted action of the oxygenase domain with an electron-donating reductase domain that is fused to it. A fused reductase domain is, however, absent in prokaryotes. Consequently, we searched bacterial genomes for homologs of the reductase domain and identified candidate genes. On the basis of genomic sequence and protein structural analysis, we here propose that sulfite reductase flavoprotein is a prototype of the mammalian NOS reductase domain and a complementing interaction partner of the bacterial NOS oxygenase protein.
Psychometric Evaluation of Glaucoma Quality of Life Item Banks (GlauCAT) and Initial Assessment Using Computerized Adaptive Testing (2022)

GlauCAT will enable researchers and clinicians to quickly and comprehensively assess the impact of glaucoma and its associated interventions across a range of QoL domains.
Belief Revision (2003)

From the Publisher:
Belief revision is a topic of much interest in theoretical computer science and logic, and it forms a central problem in research into artificial intelligence. In simplest terms it addresses the problem of updating a database of knowledge in the light of new information and what to do in the case where new information is in conflict with something that was previously held to be true. The problem is central to the study of artificial intelligence, because an intelligent system should be able to accomodate all such cases. This book contains a collection of up-to-date research articles on belief revision and an introductory chapter that presents a survey of current research in the area and the fundamentals of the theory.
Neuroblastoma Patients' KIR and KIR-Ligand Genotypes Influence Clinical Outcome for Dinutuximab-based Immunotherapy: A Report from the Children's Oncology Group (2017)

<b>Purpose:</b> In 2010, a Children's Oncology Group (COG) phase III randomized trial for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (ANBL0032) demonstrated improved event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) following treatment with an immunotherapy regimen of dinutuximab, GM-CSF, IL2, and isotretinoin compared with treatment with isotretinoin alone. Dinutuximab, a chimeric anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody, acts in part via natural killer (NK) cells. Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) on NK cells and their interactions with KIR-ligands can influence NK cell function. We investigated whether KIR/KIR-ligand genotypes were associated with EFS or OS in this trial.<b>Experimental Design:</b> We genotyped patients from COG study ANBL0032 and evaluated the effect of KIR/KIR-ligand genotypes on clinical outcomes. Cox regression models and log-rank tests were used to evaluate associations of EFS and OS with KIR/KIR-ligand genotypes.<b>Results:</b> In this trial, patients with the "all KIR-ligands present" genotype as well as patients with inhibitory KIR2DL2 with its ligand (HLA-C1) together with inhibitory KIR3DL1 with its ligand (HLA-Bw4) were associated with improved outcome if they received immunotherapy. In contrast, for patients with the complementary KIR/KIR-ligand genotypes, clinical outcome was not significantly different for patients who received immunotherapy versus those receiving isotretinoin alone.<b>Conclusions:</b> These data show that administration of immunotherapy is associated with improved outcome for neuroblastoma patients with certain KIR/KIR-ligand genotypes, although this was not seen for patients with other KIR/KIR-ligand genotypes. Further investigation of KIR/KIR-ligand genotypes may clarify their role in cancer immunotherapy and may enable KIR/KIR-ligand genotyping to be used prospectively for identifying patients likely to benefit from certain cancer immunotherapy regimens. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 24(1); 189-96. ©2017 AACR</i><i>See related commentary by Cheung and Hsu, p. 3</i>.
Statistical Delay and Error-Rate Bounded QoS Control for mURLLC Over 6G Multimedia Mobile Wireless Networks in the Non-Asymptotic Regime (2022)

To support the exponentially increasing demand for bandwidth-intensive and delay-sensitive real-time multimedia data services, researchers have made tremendous efforts to provide a better quality-of-service (QoS) when designing next generation wireless network architecture models for massive ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (mURLLC). One of the major design issues raised by mURLLC is how to guarantee stringent delay and error-rate bounded QoS requirements when implementing short-packet data communications, such as finite blocklength coding (FBC), over highly time-varying wireless fading channels. To efficiently accommodate statistical QoS for mURLLC over 6G mobile wireless networks, it is important to remodel wireless fading channel's stochastic-characteristics by defining statistical QoS metrics and their analytical relationships, such as delay-bound-violating probability, effective capacity, error probability, outage capacity, etc., when applying FBC. However, when being integrated with FBC, how to rigorously characterize stochastic dynamics of wireless networks in terms of statistically upper-bounding both delay and error-rate QoS metrics has been neither well understood not thoroughly studied. To overcome these obstacles, in this paper we develop analytical frameworks and control mechanisms for statistical delay and error-rate bounded QoS in non-asymptotic regime. First, we establish FBC-based wireless-fading channels model by characterizing various information-theoretic specifications. Then, we develop a set of new statistical delay and error-rate bounded QoS metrics, tradeoff-functions, and control mechanisms including e-effective capacity, delay-bound-violating probability, Markov-model-based QoS-exponents functions, and FBC-based outage-capacity in finite blocklength regime. Finally, our simulation results validate and evaluate our developed mechanisms for statistical QoS in supporting mURLLC over 6G wireless networks.
Studies on Structural Proteins of Chikungunya Virus (1980)

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) was purified and subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in discontinuous buffer systems. Three bands were revealed by staining with Coomassie blue; two of them (E1 and E2) were associated with the membrane, and one (C) with the core. Their molecular weights were estimated to be 56,000 (E1), 52,000 (E2), and 36,000 (C), irrespective of the concentration of acrylamide in the gels. The molar ratios of E1, E2, and C were almost equal when the sample buffer was Tris-HCl, whereas they were different when phosphate buffer was used.
High Selectivity of an α-Conotoxin LvIA Analogue for α3β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Is Mediated by β2 Functionally Important Residues (2020)

The α3β2 and α3β4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are widely expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems, playing critical roles in various physiological processes and in such pathologies as addiction to nicotine and other drugs of abuse. α-Conotoxin LvIA, which we previously isolated from <i>Conus lividus</i>, modestly discriminates α3β2 and α3β4 rat nAChRs exhibiting a ∼17-fold tighter binding to the former. Here, alanine scanning resulted in two more selective analogues [N9A]LvIA and [D11A]LvIA, the former having a >2000-fold higher selectivity for α3β2. The determined crystal structures of [N9A]LvIA and [D11A]LvIA bound to the acetylcholine-binding protein (AChBP) were followed by homologous modeling of the complexes with the α3β2 and α3β4 nAChRs and by receptor mutagenesis, which revealed Phe106, Ser108, Ser113, and Ser168 residues in the β2 subunit as essential for LvIA binding. These results may be useful for the design of novel compounds of therapeutic potential targeting α3β2 nAChRs.
Scaling, topological tunneling and actions for weak coupling DWF calculations (2014)

We present results from a 2+1 flavor DWF calculation at a -1 = 3 GeV and discuss strategies for similar calculations at finer lattice spacings which will target charm physics. At weak coupling the autocorrelation time of the global topological charge becomes very long because the HMC algorithm has trouble moving between topological sectors. We report the results of simulations that test two ideas for reducing the autocorrelation time of topological charge. In weak coupling quenched simulations we find that the open boundary conditions suggested by Lscher and Schaefer do not prevent the appearance of extremely long autocorrelation times for topological observables. We discuss the idea of a "dislocation-enhancing determinant" and show that it can produce an increase in topological tunneling.
Quantitative Drug Metabolism with Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Relevance of AMS to Drug Metabolism Introduction to AMS Fundamentals of AMS Instruments Sample Definition and Interfaces AMS Quantitation LC–AMS Analysis of Drug Metabolites Comparative Resolution of Fraction LC Measurements Quantitative Extraction and Recovery LC–AMS Background and Sensitivity Clinical Aspects of AMS Metabolite Studies AMS Analysis of Reactive Metabolites Species Metabolite Comparison New Metabolic Studies Enabled by AMS Conclusions References
A Direct Entry to the 1‐Methoxyindole Skeleton and to the Corresponding Indoles by a Novel Rearrangement: General Syntheses of Substituted 1‐Methoxyindoles. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Echolocation signals and pinnae movement in the fruitbat Rousettus aegyptiacus (2005)

The fruit bat Rousettus aegyptiacus has highly mobile pinnae. Little is known about the role that such movements play in sound localisation however and whether they interact with the process of echolocation in this species. Here we report the correspondence of echolocation signals in free flight with the downward wingbeat and forward movement of the pinnae, and demonstrate that the ears have a greater sensitivity to click stimuli in front of the animal when directed forwards than when back and to the side. The potential significance of the production of echolocation signals whilst the ears are moving from their least sensitive to their most sensitive position is discussed.
Numerische Analyse des Fertigungsprozesses Spaltbiegen und der Schwingfestigkeit unter Berücksichtigung der Einflüsse aus dem Fertigungsprozess (2008)

S.107-120
A fast algorithm for multilevel thresholding (2001)

Otsu reference proposed a criterion for maximizing the between-class variance of pixel intensity to perform picture thresholding. However, Otsu's method for image segmentation is very time-consuming because of the inefficient formulation of the be- tween-class variance. In this paper, a faster version of Otsu's method is proposed for improving the efficiency of computation for the optimal thresholds of an image. First, a criterion for maximizing a modified between-class variance that is equivalent to the criterion of maximizing the usual between-class variance is proposed for image segmen- tation. Next, in accordance with the new criterion, a recursive algorithm is designed to efficiently find the optimal threshold. This procedure yields the same set of thresholds as the original method. In addition, the modified between-class variance can be pre-computed and stored in a look-up table. Our analysis of the new criterion clearly shows that it takes less computation to compute both the cumulative probability (zeroth order moment) and the mean (first order moment) of a class, and that determining the modified between-class variance by accessing a look-up table is quicker than that by performing mathematical arithmetic operations. For example, the experimental results of a five-level threshold selection show that our proposed method can reduce down the processing time from more than one hour by the conventional Otsu's method to less than 107 seconds.
A Comparison of Whole Mouth Resting and Stimulated Salivary Measurement Procedures (1982)

Methods for collection and stimulation of whole mouth saliva were compared. Resting salivary flow values were roughly equivalent for draining, spitting, suction, and swab collection techniques, but the swab technique was less reliable. Gustatory and masticatory stimuli induced significantly higher salivary flow compared to resting levels, but the between- and within-subject variances were also higher. Stimulation produced a fairly constant addition of saliva whether individual resting flow levels were low or high.
New class of cw high-power diode-pumped alkali lasers (DPALs) (Plenary Paper) (2004)

The new class of diode-pumped alkali vapor lasers (DPALs) offers high efficiency cw laser radiation at near-infrared wavelengths: cesium 895 nm, rubidium 795 nm, and potassium 770 nm. The working physical principles of DPALs will be presented. Initial 795 nm Rb and 895 nm Cs laser experiments performed using a titanium sapphire laser as a surrogate pump source demonstrated DPAL slope power conversion efficiencies in the 50-70% range, in excellent agreement with device models utilizing only literature spectroscopic and kinetic data. Using these benchmarked models for Rb and Cs, optimized DPALs with optical-optical efficiencies >60%, and electrical efficiencies of 25-30% are projected. DPAL device architectures for near-diffraction-limited power scaling into the high kilowatt power regime from a single aperture will be described. DPAL wavelengths of operation offer ideal matches to silicon and gallium arsenide based photovoltaic power conversion cells for efficient power beaming.