gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stochastic multicriteria decision problems with multilevels of hierarchy (1981)

This paper develops a solution method to obtain hierarchical noncooperative equilibria of a class of stochastic decision problems with more than two levels of hierarchy (in decision making), and wherein the decision makers (DM's) have access to nested dynamic information. In particular, we consider the three-person three-criteria quadratic decision problems wherein DM1 has access to the static observations and the controls of the other two DM's (in addition to his own static observation of the state of nature), and DM2 has access to the static observation and the control of DM3 (in addition to his own static observation). First, DMI announces his strategy and enforces it on both DM2 and DM3, and then DM2 announces his strategy and dictates it to DM3. Assuming that all three DM's are rational decision makers striving to minimize their expected costs, we first introduce the notion of hierarchical equilibrium for this decision problem, and then present a method for obtaining equilibrium strategies which exhibit the following feature: the equilibrium strategy of DM1 forces the other two DM's to act in such a way as to minimize jointly his expected cost function, while that of DM2 forces DM3 to minimize jointly the expected cost function of DM2 under the declared equilibrium strategy of DM1. An explicit derivation is given, in this framework, which leads to strategies that are linear in the dynamic part of the information available to DM1 and DM2. These strategies are, however, nonlinear functions of the static part of the information, even if the underlying statistics are Gaussian.
Comparison of two particle charging experiments for testing the JSC mars-1 martian regolith simulant against man-made materials (2005)

NASA has great interest in testing the electrostatic charging of various materials due to the saltation process near the surface of Mars. As wind blows over the Martian regolith, particles are picked up, travel over a distance, and then fall back to the surface. These moving particles collide with each other and with any other materials present giving rise to a triboelectric charge transfer. Variables involved in this charge transfer include the number of particles, the frequency of collisions, and the particle velocities. It is necessary to know the extent of charging of man-made materials in this process in order to better plan future Mars missions. Two different methods for creating frictional charging between the regolith simulant and the materials in question are described. The first method utilizes a deflection board apparatus. The second uses a shaker box apparatus. The benefits and drawbacks of each experimental approach are listed. Some experimental data obtained through each method is provided but further study is required to fully characterize these charging processes.
Characteristics of protective immunity engendered by vaccination of mice with purified culture filtrate protein antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (1995)

In this study highly purified culture filtrate proteins obtained from Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains Erdman and H37Rv were tested for their capacity to stimulate immune T cells in vitro, and to immunize mice in vivo. Analysis of the culture filtrate antigen pool revealed a complex mixture of proteins; after separation of this pool into fractions of defined molecular size using an electrophoretic method, it was found that multiple fractions strongly stimulated interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion by immune CD4 T cells in vitro. In a further series of experiments mice were given multiple immunizations with the culture filtrate protein pool suspended in emulsions of incomplete Freund's adjuvant. Such mice were as resistant as mice given live bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine to a low dose aerosol challenge infection with M. tuberculosis, but this resistance waned to low levels by 5 months post-vaccination. Furthermore, experiments using the filtrate antigens to boost or augment immunity induced by the BCG vaccination itself were unsuccessful. These data therefore support the hypothesis that the culture filtrate proteins of M. tuberculosis contain multiple antigens that are strongly recognized by T cells acquired during the initial expression of protective immunity to tuberculosis. Conventional immunization with these purified protein antigens can engender a strong degree of protective immunity, but this immunity is apparently not sustained at the same level as that induced by the live vaccine, perhaps suggesting a lack of suitable stimulation of memory immunity.
Haptic Manipulation of 3D Scans for Geometric Feature Enhancement (2021)

Localisation of geometric features like holes, edges, slots, etc. is vital to robotic planning in industrial automation settings. Low-cost 3D scanners are crucial in terms of improving accessibility, but pose a practical challenge to feature localisation because of poorer resolution and consequently affect robotic planning. In this work, we address the possibility of enhancing the quality of a 3D scan by a manual 'touch-up' of task-relevant features, to ensure their automatic detection prior to automation. We propose a framework whereby the operator (i) has access to both the actual work-piece and its 3D scan; (ii) evaluates the missing salient features from the scan; (iii) uses a haptic stylus to physically interact with the actual work-piece, around such specific features; (iv) interactively updates the scan using the position and force information from the haptic stylus. The contribution of this work is the use of haptic mismatch for geometric update. Specifically, the geometry from the 3D scan is used to predict haptic feedback at a point on the work-piece surface. The haptic mismatch is derived as a measure of error between this prediction and the real interaction forces from physical contact at that point on the work-piece. The geometric update is driven until the haptic mismatch is minimised. Convergence of the proposed algorithm is first numerically verified on an analytical surface with simulated physical interaction. Error analysis of the surface position and orientations were also plotted. Experiments were conducted using a motion capture system providing sub-mm accuracy in position and a 6 axis F/T sensor. Missing features are successfully detected after the update of the scan using the proposed method in an experiment.
Methods for performing electrochemical nitration reactions (2023)

A method for the electrochemical synthesis of dinitro compounds is disclosed. The method comprises using an anode to oxidize an inactive chemical mediator, such as a ferrocyanide (Fe(CN).sub.6.sup.-4) ion, to an active chemical mediator or oxidizing agent, such as a ferricyanide (Fe(CN).sub.6.sup.-3) ion, in the presence of a differential voltage. The oxidizing agent reacts with a nitro compound and a nitrite ion to form a geminal dinitro compound. The anode may continuously oxidize ferrocyanide to regenerate active ferricyanide, thus keeping sufficient amounts of ferricyanide available for reaction..
Abstract LB-119: Targeting DNA-PK via small molecule inhibitors of the Ku-DNA interaction (2017)

Abstract DNA-PK, the DNA-dependent protein kinase, is a validated target for cancer therapeutics that drives the DNA damage response and plays a critical role in the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair pathway. Inhibition of DNA-PK activity can elicit anticancer activity and also sensitize cancer cells to DNA damaging therapy. NHEJ is responsible for the repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSB), particularly those induced by ionizing radiation (IR). The generation of DNA DSBs is the mechanism of clinical efficacy of radiation therapy and numerous DNA damaging chemotherapeutic drugs used to treat various cancers. Modulating the pathway responsible for repairing these breaks has been shown to have a profound impact on the efficacy of IR or chemotherapy in the clinic. We have taken a completely unique and novel approach to inhibiting DNA-PK that is based on extensive knowledge regarding DNA-PK kinase activation and affords considerable advantages to current approaches in DNA-PK inhibition. DNA-PK activation and NHEJ pathway engagement requires binding of the Ku70/80 heterodimer to DNA ends and we are targeting this protein-DNA interaction. We have discovered and developed a series of highly potent and selective DNA-PK inhibitors that act via blocking the binding of Ku70/80 to DNA ends. The lead compound from this series of molecules inhibits DNA-PK catalytic activity at nanomolar concentrations, has single-agent anticancer activity in cancer cell lines, and potentiates cellular sensitivity to IR treatment and DSB-producing chemotherapeutic agents. These data demonstrate the utility of inhibiting DNA-PK via targeting the Ku-DNA interaction. Citation Format: John J. Turchi, Navnath Gavande, Pamela VanderVere-Carozza, Tyler Vernon, Katherine Pawelczak. Targeting DNA-PK via small molecule inhibitors of the Ku-DNA interaction [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-119. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-LB-119
Safety and efficacy of lenvatinib in elderly patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A multicenter analysis with propensity score matching (2019)

Lenvatinib can be used safely and efficaciously regardless of age in patients with HCC.
Very Long-Chain Unsaturated Sphingolipids Mediate Oleate-Induced Rat β-Cell Proliferation (2022)

Fatty-acid (FA) signaling contributes to β-cell mass expansion in response to nutrient excess, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In the presence of elevated glucose, FA metabolism is shifted towards synthesis of complex lipids, including sphingolipids. Here we tested the hypothesis that sphingolipids are involved in the β-cell proliferative response to FA. Isolated rat islets were exposed to FA and 16.7 mM glucose for 48-72 h and the contribution of the &lt;i&gt;de novo&lt;/i&gt; sphingolipid synthesis pathway was tested using the serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor myriocin, the sphingosine kinase (SphK) inhibitor SKI II, or knockdown of SphK, fatty-acid-elongase-1 (ELOVL1) and acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP). Rats were infused with glucose and the lipid emulsion ClinOleic and received SKI II by gavage. B-cell proliferation was assessed by immunochemistry or flow cytometry. Sphingolipids were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Amongst the FA tested, only oleate increased β-cell proliferation. Myriocin, SKI II, and SphK knockdown all decreased oleate-induced b-cell proliferation. Oleate exposure did not increase the total amount of sphingolipids but led to a specific rise in 24:1 species. Knockdown of ACBP or ELOVL1 inhibited oleate-induced β-cell proliferation. We conclude that unsaturated very long-chain sphingolipids produced from the available C24:1 acyl-CoA pool mediate oleate-induced β-cell proliferation in rats.
Anammox and beyond (2019)

When looking back and wonder how we did it, I became even more aware of how my wanderings in microbiology are all linked, from the start of my PhD with Hans Veldkamp on sulphur-oxidizing bacteria in chemostats. My interests broadened from obligate chemolithoautotrophic bacteria to facultative organisms and the question about the ecological niches of these different metabolic types. The sulphide oxidizing bacteria also may be used to produce elemental sulphur, which can easily be removed from wastewater. This fitted in a long-standing collaboration with Dimitry Sorokin on the ecophysiology and application of alkaliphilic sulphur bacteria. Then came the denitrifying sulphur-oxidizing bacteria and their application to remove sulphide from wastewater, which lead to our interest in nitrate, nitrite and ammonium removal in general. The big surprise was the serendipitous discovery of the 'anammox'-process, whereby ammonium is anaerobically oxidized to dinitrogen gas with nitrite as electron acceptor. The early days of our anammox research are the main focus of this article, which describes the struggle of growing and identifying the most peculiar bacteria we ever came across. A specialized organelle, the anammoxosome was shown to be responsible for the key ammonium oxidation, whereby a rocket fuel, hydrazine, turned out to be an intermediate. Soon after we became aware that anammox is everywhere and in the marine environment makes up a major portion of the nitrogen cycle. The intense scientific collaboration with Mike Jetten and Mark van Loosdrecht and colleagues led to our further understanding and application of this fascinating process, which is briefly summarized in this article. My broader interest in environmental microbiology and microbial ecology has been a regularly returning theme, taking me all over the world to great collaborations lasting to this very day.
Gene discovery and gene function assignment in filamentous fungi (2001)

Filamentous fungi are a large group of diverse and economically important microorganisms. Large-scale gene disruption strategies developed in budding yeast are not applicable to these organisms because of their larger genomes and lower rate of targeted integration (TI) during transformation. We developed transposon-arrayed gene knockouts (TAGKO) to discover genes and simultaneously create gene disruption cassettes for subsequent transformation and mutant analysis. Transposons carrying a bacterial and fungal drug resistance marker are used to mutagenize individual cosmids or entire libraries in vitro. Cosmids are annotated by DNA sequence analysis at the transposon insertion sites, and cosmid inserts are liberated to direct insertional mutagenesis events in the genome. Based on saturation analysis of a cosmid insert and insertions in a fungal cosmid library, we show that TAGKO can be used to rapidly identify and mutate genes. We further show that insertions can create alterations in gene expression, and we have used this approach to investigate an amino acid oxidation pathway in two important fungal phytopathogens.
Digitaltechnik und Entwurfsverfahren, WS 2015/2016, gehalten am 01.02.2016, Vorlesung 22 (2016)

22: Vorlesung | 0:00:00 Starten 0:00:10 Kapitel 5.1 Addition und Subtraktion 0:01:55 Kapitel 5.1.1 Voll- und Halbaddierer 0:08:07 Kapitel 5.1.2 Caryy-Rippel-Addierer 0:11:35 Kapitel 5.1.3 Carry-Lookahead-Addierer 0:20:14 Kapitel 5.1.4 BCD-Addierer 0:31:05 Kapitel 5.1.5 Subtraktion 0:38:11 Kapitel 5.2 Multiplikation und Division 0:38:56 Kapitel 5.2.1 Allgemeine Multiplikation 0:40:36 Kapitel 5.2.2 Parallele und serielle Multiplikation 0:59:56 Kapitel 5.2.3 Multiplikation für Festkomma-Zahlen
Z-Shaped Dielectric Resonator Antenna for Ultrawideband Applications (2010)

A new dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) is introduced for ultrawideband applications. Three methods of a Z-shaped dielectric resonator, a bevel feeding patch, and an air gap between the DR and the ground plane are used to obtain an ultrawideband impedance bandwidth. The effective dielectric constant and the -factor can be reduced by introducing the air gap. The bevel-shaped feeding mechanism provides a smooth impedance transition from one resonant mode to another. Furthermore, the results show that by applying a Z-shaped DRA, the electric field inside the dielectric is reformed over the desired bandwidth leading to improve the matching. A comprehensive parametric study is carried out using CST to optimize the bandwidth of the proposed antenna. The measurement results demonstrate that the proposed DRA provides an ultra bandwidth of about 120%, ranging from 2.5 GHz to 10.3 GHz for the reflection coefficient less than .
Mid-infrared Photoconductive Response in AlGaN/GaN Step Quantum Wells (2015)

AlGaN/GaN quantum structure is an excellent candidate for high speed infrared detectors based on intersubband transitions. However, fabrication of AlGaN/GaN quantum well infrared detectors suffers from polarization-induced internal electric field, which greatly limits the carrier vertical transport. In this article, a step quantum well is proposed to attempt solving this problem, in which a novel spacer barrier layer is used to balance the internal electric field. As a result, a nearly flat band potential profile is obtained in the step barrier layers of the AlGaN/GaN step quantum wells and a bound-to-quasi-continuum (B-to-QC) type intersubband prototype device with detectable photocurrent at atmosphere window (3-5 μm) is achieved in such nitride semiconductors.
Electrochemical oxidation of B12H122- (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrochemical oxidation of B12H122-R. J. Wiersema and Richard L. MiddaughCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 19, 5078Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1967https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00995a067RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views95Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (162 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Abstract 15813: The Role of Endogenous and Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Following Pressure Overload Induced Hypertrophy and Heart Failure (2011)

Introduction: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a potent signaling molecule that plays a critical role in cardiovascular homeostasis. Cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) produces H2S in the heart. The aim of this study was to investigate a role of both endogenous and exogenous H2S in pressure overload induced heart failure. Methods: Male CSE Knockout (KO), wild type control (WT) mice, and male C57/BL6J mice (12-14 weeks old, n=15-20) were investigated. Baseline echocardiography was performed followed by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) to create pressure overload. In additional studies C57/BL6J mice received either vehicle (VEH) or a H2S donor. Mice received a novel, orally active H2S donor (NANT-1002) at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day delivered in the diet. Follow-up echocardiography was performed at 12 weeks following TAC surgery. Results: CSE KO and WT mice showed equivalent hypertrophy after 3 weeks of TAC surgery, but CSE KO mice exhibited significantly exacerbated cardiac dysfunction. Left ventricular (LV) ejection...
ChemInform Abstract: X‐Ray Diffuse Scattering on Self‐Organized Mesoscopic Structures (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Intermediate hair follicles: a new more clinically relevant model for hair growth investigations (2010)

Smaller intermediate hair follicles showed major morphological differences from terminal follicles in vivo and retained significant, biologically relevant differences in vitro in organ culture. Therefore, intermediate hair follicles offer a novel, exciting, more clinically relevant, albeit technically difficult, model for future investigations into hair growth. This should be particularly important for developing new therapies.
Overlapped motion compensation for subband coding of video (1996)

Keywords: LTS1 ; LTS3 Reference LTS-ARTICLE-1996-008 Record created on 2006-06-14, modified on 2016-08-08
Horizontal spread of mer operons among Gram-positive bacteria in natural environments (1998)

Horizontal dissemination of the genes responsible for resistance to toxic pollutants may play a key role in the adaptation of bacterial populations to environmental contaminants. However, the frequency and extent of gene dissemination in natural environments is not known. A natural horizontal spread of two distinct mercury resistance (mer) operon variants, which occurred amongst diverse Bacillus and related species over wide geographical areas, is reported. One mer variant encodes a mercuric reductase with a single N-terminal domain, whilst the other encodes a reductase with a duplicated N-terminal domain. The strains containing the former mer operon types are sensitive to organomercurials, and are most common in the terrestrial mercury-resistant Bacillus populations studied in this work. The strains containing the latter operon types are resistant to organomercurials, and dominate in a Minamata Bay mercury-resistant Bacillus population, previously described in the literature. At least three distinct transposons (related to a class II vancomycin-resistance transposon, Tn1546, from a clinical Enterococcus strain) and conjugative plasmids are implicated as mediators of the spread of these mer operons.
Coupled THM analysis of the single-heater test at yucca mountain (1999)

This paper presents a summary of results from the Single-Heater Test (SHT) at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. In the SHT, a horizontal, 5-m-long, line-heat source was used to heat a rock pillar for nine months. Moisture movement was monitored during and after heating using electrical-resistance tomography (ERT) and neutron-logging techniques. Results indicate drying in regions of the rock where temperature reached 60°C and above. The drying zone is asymmetric and is not centered on the heater, but has lobes extending above and to the sides of the heater. Predicted temperatures agreed well with observations. A cold- trap effect was predicted, in the heater borehole, that efficiently transfers heat along the heater borehole to the excavation wall. A simple thermomechanical analysis of the SHT shows that shear zones predicted for vertical fractures coincide with regions of increased moisture content derived from ERT measurements.