gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparison of detergent action on supported lipid monolayers and bilayers (2012)

Using spatially patterned supported lipid mono- and bilayers, we compare the effect of transleaflet dynamics on membrane solubilization by a common, non-ionic detergent in single samples. We find that at concentrations surrounding CMC, complete bilayers undergo 5–8% lateral expansion followed by rapid dissolution. In contrast, single supported monolayers remain remarkably resistant to solubilization, suggesting the central role of detergent or lipid flip-flop in driving membrane solubilization. In addition to the previously well-appreciated mode of detergent-resistance by tight lateral packing of saturated and cholesterol-rich lipids (e.g., rafts) in membrane bilayers, our results suggest that hindrance to interleaflet dynamics, such as by strong interaction with the cytoskeleton, provides an alternative mechanism by which membranes resist detergent solubilisation. Furthermore, we show that this differential resistance can be exploited to design spatial compositional patterns of lipid bilayers and monolayers.
Phase I study of SNK01 (autologous non-genetically modified natural killer cells with enhanced cytotoxicity) in refractory metastatic solid tumors. (2020)

e15024 Background: Natural Killer (NK) cells possess the innate ability to detect transformed cancer cells and kill them, thus playing a key role in cancer immunosurveillance and antitumor immunity. In general, prior NK cell therapies have not shown efficacy in solid tumors and the expansion of NK cells in cancer patients to clinically therapeutic doses is quite challenging, making allogenic preferable to autologous treatment. SNK01 is a first-in-kind, autologous non-genetically modified NK cell therapy with enhanced cytotoxicity which can be consistently produced even from heavily pretreated cancer patients, and has been shown to have efficacy against numerous solid tumor types in preclinical studies. Methods: In this single-arm Phase I study (NCT03941262) to investigate the safety and efficacy of SNK01, patients with refractory metastatic solid tumors were treated in a 3 + 3 dose escalation study with five weekly infusions of SNK01 at 1, 2, or 4 x 10 9 cells per infusion. Primary endpoint is safety and quality of life (QoL), and secondary endpoint is objective response rate (ORR). Results: Seven of nine planned patients have been enrolled up to date and five have completed treatment. All patients have rapidly progressive metastatic disease and have received an average of five lines of prior therapy. Tumor types include one non-small lung cancer, one colorectal cancer, and five sarcomas. Median age is 52 (32-62). All patients have had successful expansion and cytotoxic enhancement of their NK cells. Three patients have completed 1 x 10 9 SNK01 and two patients have completed 2 x 10 9 SNK01. There have been no adverse events according to NCI-CTCAE v 5.0 or any cytokine release syndrome, and all patients have reported an overall improvement in QoL. At week 9, three of three patients at the 1 x 10 9 dose and one of two at the 2 x 10 9 achieved a best overall response of stable disease as per RECIST 1.1. Conclusions: Expanding and increasing the cytotoxicity of NK cells in our heavily pretreated patients has been consistently reliable. SNK01 monotherapy has been very safe and well tolerated in patients with rapidly progressive solid tumors. MTD has not been reached and dose escalation is ongoing. Evaluation of anti-tumor activity is ongoing, but at a minimum, SNK01 appears to slow and possibly halt progression in very aggressive disease and improve quality of life while improving the overall quality of life. The remaining two planned patients are currently being enrolled and a full update will be presented. Clinical trial information: NCT03941262 .
Denosumab improves clinical manifestations of hypophosphatemic osteomalacia by adefovir-induced Fanconi syndrome: a case report (2019)

Although denosumab is not generally an appropriate treatment for acquired Fanconi syndrome, it may be useful for patients who have hypophosphatemic osteomalacia due to adefovir dipivoxil-induced Fanconi syndrome associated with excessive bone resorption. However, clinicians should keep in mind that if denosumab is administered to patients with hypophosphatemic osteomalacia accompanied by excessive bone resorption, adequate vitamin D and/or phosphate supplementation should be done before administration of denosumab.
Convenient Synthesis of Hydroxytyrosol and Its Lipophilic Derivatives from Tyrosol or Homovanillyl Alcohol (2008)

Hydroxytyrosol, a naturally occurred o-phenolic compound exhibiting antioxidant properties, was synthesized by a three-step high-yielding procedure from natural and low-cost compounds such as tyrosol or homovanillyl alcohol. First, the efficient chemoselective protection of the alcoholic group of these compounds was performed by using dimethyl carbonate (DMC) as reagent/solvent; second, the oxidation with 2-iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX) or Dess-Martin periodinane reagent (DMP) and in situ reduction with sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4) allowed the preparation of carboxymethylated hydroxytyrosol; finally, by a mild hydrolytic step, hydroxytyrosol was obtained in high yield and purity, as confirmed by NMR spectra and HPLC profile. By using a similar methodology, lipophilic hydroxytyrosol derivatives, utilized as additives in pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic preparations, were prepared. In fact, at first the chemoselective protection of the alcoholic group of tyrosol and homovanillyl alcohol was performed by using acyl chlorides without any catalyst to obtain the corresponding lipophilic derivatives, and then these compounds were converted in good yield and high purity into the hydroxytyrosol derivatives by oxidative/reductive pathway with IBX or DMP and Na2S2O4.
Prospective Randomized Trial of Low- Versus High-Dose Radiation Therapy in Adults With Supratentorial Low-Grade Glioma: Initial Report of a North Central Cancer Treatment Group/Radiation Therapy Oncology Group/Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study (2002)

This phase III prospective randomized trial of low- versus high-dose radiation therapy for adults with supratentorial low-grade astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and oligoastrocytoma found somewhat lower survival and slightly higher incidence of radiation necrosis in the high-dose RT arm. The most important prognostic factors for survival are histologic subtype, tumor size, and age. The study design of the ongoing intergroup trial in this population will be discussed.
Regulation and Properties of PstSCAB, a High-Affinity, High-Velocity Phosphate Transport System ofSinorhizobium meliloti (2006)

The properties and regulation of the pstSCAB-encoded Pi uptake system from the alfalfa symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti are reported. We present evidence that the pstSCAB genes and the regulatory phoUB genes are transcribed from a single promoter that contains two PhoB binding sites and that transcription requires PhoB. S. meliloti strain 1021 (Rm1021) and its derivatives were found to carry a C deletion frameshift mutation in the pstC gene (designated pstC1021) that severely impairs activity of the PstSCAB Pi transport system. This mutation is absent in RCR2011, the parent of Rm1021. Correction of the pstC1021 mutation in Rm1021 by site-directed mutagenesis revealed that PstSCAB is a Pi-specific, high-affinity (Km, 0.2 microM), high-velocity (Vmax, 70 nmol/min/mg protein) transport system. The pstC1021 allele was shown to generate a partial pho regulon constitutive phenotype, in which transcription is activated by PhoB even under Pi-excess conditions that render PhoB inactive in a wild-type background. The previously reported symbiotic Fix- phenotype of phoCDET mutants was found to be dependent on the pstC1021 mutation, as Rm1021 phoCDET mutants formed small white nodules on alfalfa that failed to reduce N2, whereas phoCDET mutant strains with a corrected pstC allele (RmP110) formed pink nodules on alfalfa that fixed N2 like the wild type. Alfalfa root nodules formed by the wild-type RCR2011 strain expressed the low-affinity orfA-pit-encoded Pi uptake system and neither the pstSCAB genes nor the phoCDET genes. Thus, metabolism of alfalfa nodule bacteroids is not Pi limited.
Cytokines in Hematopoiesis (1998)

Hematopoiesis is the process by which mature, functional progeny of the eight major lineages of blood cells are produced from a hierarchy of progressively less mature progenitor and stem cells. The control of hematopoiesis involves intimate cellular interactions between developing blood cells and stromal elements as well as regulation by soluble cytokines, that may act locally in the bone marrow environment or at remote tissue sites. In excess of twenty cytokines that stimulate the production and/or function of hematopoietic cells have now been cloned and are available in purified, recombinant form. The colony-stimulating factors, erythropoietin and the recently discovered thrombopoietin are key regulators of granulocyte/macrophage, erythroid and megakaryocyte/platelet production respectively. The activities of these cytokines have been extensively studied, both in vitro and in vivo, and recent analysis of mice genetically engineered to lack these regulators or their cell surface receptors have provided profound insights into their essential physiological roles. These studies have culminated in the development of these cytokines as valuable clinical reagents.
A Constitutive Stress–Strain Law for Metals with Sigmoidal Curves (2021)

A formulation is proposed for true stress–true strain relationships in the plastic regime that exhibit sigmoidal shapes, such as those of certain metastable austenitic stainless steels (MASS). It contains two terms, broadly accounting for contributions to hardening from conventional plasticity and from mechanical stimulation of martensite formation. It is a continuous function, designed to cover the plastic strain range from zero up to several tens of percent. It is shown that it is suitable for capture of a range of curve shapes of this type—experimental data from tensile testing of a MASS alloy over a range of temperature, with good fidelity. The formulation incorporates six independent parameters, although there may be scope for limiting the range of values that they can have, facilitating convergence operations. Information is presented about how convergence is obtained. The equation is thus expected to be suitable for use in finite element method (FEM) models for simulation of plastic deformation in various scenarios, including indentation. Future work will involve exploration of the details of this.
Cyclooxygenase-1 Is a Potential Target for Prevention and Treatment of Ovarian Epithelial Cancer (2005)

The precise genetic and molecular defects underlying epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remain largely unknown, and treatment options for patients with advanced disease are limited. Cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2) catalyze the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. Whereas overwhelming evidence suggests a role for COX-2 in a variety of cancers, the contribution of COX-1 remains much less explored. The expression status of COX isoforms in ovarian cancers also remains confusing. We have previously shown that human epithelial ovarian tumors have increased levels of COX-1 but not COX-2. To more carefully examine the role of COXs in ovarian cancer, we used a mouse model of EOC in which genetic and oncogenic modifications were experimentally engineered into ovarian surface epithelial cells (OSE) thought to be the cells of origin for human EOC. These OSE cells produce tumors when allografted into host mice. Using multiple approaches, we observed that OSE cells and the tumors comprised of these cells express high levels of COX-1 but not COX-2. Prostacyclin (PGI(2)) is the major prostaglandin generated downstream of COX-1 in these cells, and SC-560, a COX-1-selective inhibitor, dramatically inhibits PGI(2) production. More importantly, SC-560 reduced the growth of tumors when OSE cells were allografted in nude female mice. In contrast, the COX-2-selective inhibitor celecoxib had little effect on tumor growth. The growth inhibitory effects of SC-560 result from reduced cell proliferation and/or accelerated apoptosis. Our results imply COX-1 as a target for the prevention and/or treatment of EOC.
Location, location, location [location-based games] (2006)

This paper discusses the latest development in the gaming industry, called mobile gaming. One of the first so-called location-based games is called Raygun, from the Washington-based game developer, GloVentures LLC. Raygun is played with a mobile device such as a cellphone or a PDA, and uses GPS technology to transform the real world into a virtual arena. Plans are underway to develop more narrative-based games that would allow players to explore a fantasy world and solve intricate puzzles.
The impact of the gate dielectric quality in developing Au-free D-mode and E-mode recessed gate AlGaN/GaN transistors on a 200mm Si substrate (2015)

The selection of the gate dielectric is one of the most critical stability issues in recessed gate AlGaN/GaN transistors. In this work, we show that the quality of the gate dielectric has a strong impact on: 1) the threshold voltage (V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</inf> ) hysteresis, 2) the drain current reduction for enhancement mode devices, and 3) the forward gate bias TDDB (time dependent dielectric breakdown). It will be shown that the V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</inf> hysteresis and the current reduction can be minimized by using a dielectric with lower interface state density (D <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">it</inf> ) and less border traps, e.g., a PE-ALD SiN dielectric. Furthermore, the 0.01% failures at 20 years TDDB requirement at 150°C for a large power device, e.g., gate width Wg=36mm, necessitates the use of at least a 25nm-thick PE-ALD SiN gate dielectric.
Effective immobilisation of a metathesis catalyst bearing an ammonium-tagged NHC ligand on various solid supports (2016)

An ammonium-tagged ruthenium complex, 8, was deposited on several widely available commercial solid materials such as silica gel, alumina, cotton, filter paper, iron powder or palladium on carbon. The resulting catalysts were tested in toluene or ethyl acetate, and found to afford metathesis products in high yield and with extremely low ruthenium contamination. Depending on the support used, immobilised catalyst 8 shows also additional traits, such as the possibility of being magnetically separated or the use for metathesis and subsequent reduction of the obtained double bond in one pot.
Preparation of Polypyrrole-Silica Glass Composite Films Using Sol-Gel Process and its Electrochemical Properties (1996)

Polypyrrole (PPy)-silica glass composite films were prepared by carrying out the electrochemical polymerization of PPy simultaneously with the synthesis of silica glass by using the sol-gel processing and its electrochemical doping properties have been investigated by cyclic voltammetry. These films could be electrochemically easily doped and the undoped and doped states were yellow and blue in color, respectively. The redox process of PPy-silica glass has been gradually activated by repeating the electrochemical dopingundoping cycles. It was found that dopant anions in the PPy-silica glass composite film could be exchanged relatively easily with electrolyte anions in acetonitrile solution by potential sweeping. However, dopant anions in the PPy film cound not be easily exchanged in acetonitrile solution. Finally, application of this new type of PPy-silica glass composite film to the ionic sensor which responds to specific ions has also been proposed.
ChemInform Abstract: Substituted 5,6‐Dihydrofuro[3,2‐f]‐1,2‐benzisoxazole‐6‐carboxylic Acids: High‐Ceiling Diuretics with Uricosuric Activity. (1985)

Abstract Ausgehend von dem Chlorid (I) und Ether (III) erhält man die Benzisoxazole (II) bzw. (IV), die auf saluretische Aktivität untersucht werden.
A study of a simulated low Earth environment on the degradation of FEP polymer (1998)

Spacecraft flying in a low Earth orbit environment require thermal blankets to provide protection from direct solar heat from the sun. Fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer is one of the major components of these thermal blankets. In this study, the effect of a simulated low Earth orbit environment on FEP was investigated. UV and VUV degradation of fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) copolymer was studied using ESR and XPS. The ESR study revealed the formation of a terminal polymer chain radical. The stability of this radical has been investigated under different environments. An XPS study of FEP film exposed to VUV and atomic oxygen showed that oxidation takes place on the polymer surface. The study revealed also that the percentage of CF2 in the polymer surface decreased with exposure time and the percentage of CF, CF3 and carbon attached to oxygen increased. SEM micrographs of FEP film exposed to VUV and atomic oxygen produced a rough surface with regular undulations similar to sand dunes. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic Queue Management Approach for Data Integrity and Delay Differentiated Service in WSN (2015)

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is formed by hundreds to thousands of nodes that communicate with each other updates information from time to time by passing data from one to another. This work aims to simultaneously improve the fidelity for high-integrity applications and decrease the end-to-end delay for delay-sensitive ones, even when the network is congested. To effective queue management, a queue scheduler allocates network resources by selecting a packet in the classified queue to access a single physical link with fixed capacity. We propose a dynamic queue management approach using fuzzy logic to quality of service (QoS) requirement in data integrity and delay differentiated routing (IDDR). The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly reduces average end-to-end delay and increases packet deliver ratio and throughput compared to the existing routing algorithm.
Food image analysis: Segmentation, identification and weight estimation (2013)

We are developing a dietary assessment system that records daily food intake through the use of food images taken at a meal. The food images are then analyzed to extract the nutrient content in the food. In this paper, we describe the image analysis tools to determine the regions where a particular food is located (image segmentation), identify the food type (feature classification) and estimate the weight of the food item (weight estimation). An image segmentation and classification system is proposed to improve the food segmentation and identification accuracy. We then estimate the weight of food to extract the nutrient content from a single image using a shape template for foods with regular shapes and area-based weight estimation for foods with irregular shapes.
NAL BOOSTER MAGNETS. (1970)

Professionals taking a person-centred approach facilitated coherent rehabilitation pathways. This encompassed care with respect for individual needs and professionals who empowered patients to self-management. Furthermore, to be aware that interprofessional communication and coordination need to take place both between professional within the same department, between departments and between professionals in different sectors. After discharge, some patients were challenged in their everyday life when trying to follow the advice from the professionals. Professionals, who do not use a person-centred approach, hinder coherence. Patients thus feel compelled to take on communication and coordination tasks.
Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in Individuals of African Descent: A Review of Risk Factors (2015)

Individuals at greatest risk for POAG should be screened by an ophthalmologist to allow earlier detection and to slow disease progression. Further studies on the genetics of the disease will provide more insight into underlying pathologic mechanisms and could lead to improved therapeutic interventions. Continued research in urban areas with large populations of blacks is especially needed.
The control and containment forces on the swash plate of an axial piston pump utilizing a secondary swash-plate angle (2002)

In this paper, the control and containment forces acting on the swash plate of an axial-piston pump are examined. The most novel aspect of this research is that it includes the analysis of a secondary swash-plate angle that is occasionally used in aerospace pump applications. From a practical standpoint, swash plate control and containment devices take on many different designs; however, they must all resist the same essential moments and forces that attempt to dislocate the swash plate from its proper position. By considering the basic machine design, this work generally derives the needed forces and moments for insuring proper swash plate motion and thereby gives the designer of these machines a useful tool for designing control and containment devices of any type. In this research, it is shown that the secondary swash-plate angle has a significant impact on the problem of swash-plate control and containment.
Small Molecules that Mimic Components of Bioactive Protein Surfaces (2004)

Small molecules designed to mimic specific structural components of a protein (peptide strands, sheets, turns, helices, or amino acids) can be expected to display agonist or antagonist biological responses by virtue of interacting with the same receptors that recognize the protein. Here we describe some minimalist approaches to structural mimetics of amino acids and of strand, turn, or helix segments of proteins. The designed molecules show potent and selective inhibition of protease, transferase, and phospholipase enzymes, or antagonism of G-protein coupled or transcriptional receptors, and have potent anti-tumour, anti-inflammatory, or antiviral activity.
Influence of Tumour Necrosis Factor Microsatellite Polymorphisms on Susceptibility to Head and Neck Cancer (1998)

While cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption are recognized covariates for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), the role of genetic factors in determining individual susceptibility is unknown. The human tumour necrosis factor (TNF) region on chromosome 6p21 within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) includes a number of immunologically important genes. Recently, five microsatellite markers have been described in the TNF locus. TNF levels vary with different TNF microsatellite alleles, and associations of these microsatellite markers with autoimmune diseases and different types of cancer have been shown. Therefore, the TNF locus represents candidate susceptibility genes for head and neck cancer. This study describes the influence of TNF a-d microsatellite polymorphisms on susceptibility to head and neck cancer by comparing the allele frequencies of 269 patients suffering from laryngeal cancer and 123 patients suffering from oral cavity pharyngeal cancer and 113 German controls. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples, amplified by polymerase chain reaction with fluorescently labelled primers for TNF microsatellite (a-d) and electrophoresed on polyacrylamide gels using an automated DNA sequencer. The data showed no differences in allele frequencies between controls and pharyngeal cancer patients. By contrast, the TNF b3 allele was associated with altered risk for laryngeal cancer (p = 0.0006, odds ratio 2.2). Homozygosity for TNF b3/b3 resulted in an increased risk of developing laryngeal cancer (p = 0.004, odds ratio 5.3). Susceptibility to supraglottic SCC and multiple primary tumours was mediated by the absence of the a11 allele. The data provide the first evidence that allelism at the TNF microsatellite markers alter the risk of developing SCC of the larynx.