gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differences in 3-Dimensional Shoulder Kinematics between Persons with Multidirectional Instability and Asymptomatic Controls (2007)

Abnormal scapular kinematics are seen in the MDI shoulder, highlighting the importance of incorporating scapular positioning and stability exercises during rehabilitation. Additional study is warranted concerning the efficacy of various rehabilitation programs, and also both surgical and nonsurgical interventions in this population.
Pulmonary toxicity and gene expression changes in response to whole-body inhalation exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes in rats (2022)

<b>Purpose:</b> To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the pulmonary toxicity induced by exposure to one form of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-7).<b>Materials and methods:</b> Rats were exposed, by whole-body inhalation, to air or an aerosol containing MWCNT-7 particles at target cumulative doses (concentration x time) ranging from 22.5 to 180 (mg/m<sup>3</sup>)h over a three-day (6 hours/day) period and toxicity and global gene expression profiles were determined in the lungs.<b>Results:</b> MWCNT-7 particles, associated with alveolar macrophages (AMs), were detected in rat lungs following the exposure. Mild to moderate lung pathological changes consisting of increased cellularity, thickening of the alveolar wall, alveolitis, fibrosis, and granuloma formation were detected. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) toxicity parameters such as lactate dehydrogenase activity, number of AMs and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), intracellular oxidant generation by phagocytes, and levels of cytokines were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) increased in response to exposure to MWCNT-7. Global gene expression profiling identified several significantly differentially expressed genes (fold change >1.5 and FDR <i>p</i> value <0.05) in all the MWCNT-7 exposed rats. Bioinformatic analysis of the gene expression data identified significant enrichment of several diseases/biological function categories (for example, cancer, leukocyte migration, inflammatory response, mitosis, and movement of phagocytes) and canonical pathways (for example, kinetochore metaphase signaling pathway, granulocyte and agranulocyte adhesion and diapedesis, acute phase response, and LXR/RXR activation). The alterations in the lung toxicity parameters and gene expression changes exhibited a dose-response to the MWCNT exposure.<b>Conclusions:</b> Taken together, the data provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the pulmonary toxicity induced by inhalation exposure of rats to MWCNT-7.
The electrical and optical properties of amorphous carbon prepared by the glow discharge technique (1977)

Abstract Amorphous thin films of carbon have been prepared by the decomposition of acetylene in a radio frequency glow discharge. The specimens were deposited on substrates held at temperatures T d between 400 and 650 K. Measurements of the optical absorption show that glow discharge carbon has an optical gap of the order of 2 eV which tends to decrease with increasing deposition temperature. The room temperature electrical conductivity of these specimens, about 10−12 (ohm cm)−1, is up to 12 orders of magnitude lower than that of evaporated material. Above 500 K, conduction is likely to take place in extended states but this changes to hopping transport at lower temperatures. The results are discussed in terms of a structural model in which glow discharge carbon consists of regions of graphically and tetrahedrally bonded carbon atoms.
Low power filtering using approximate processing for DSP applications (2002)

The growing demand for portable multimedia devices has placed increased importance on low power solutions for DSP tasks such as filtering and source coding. An approach to power reduction in digital CMOS filter design using approximate processing is presented. This involves adaptively reducing the number of operations switched per sample based on signal statistics. Speech filtering examples demonstrate that power consumption can be reduced over conventional solutions by an order of magnitude for wireless applications.
The Selection of Classifiers for a Data-driven Parser (2015)

There is a large number of classifiers that can be used for generating a parse model; i.e., as an oracle for guiding data-driven parsers when parsing natural languages. In this paper we present a general and simple approach for generating a parse model. Additionally, we present a large number of experiments on various classifiers. We also present the effect of various parse models,&#13;\nwhich are generated from different classifiers, on a data-driven parser to see the way each model contributes to parsing performance.
25th Anniversary Article: Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells: Understanding the Mechanism of Operation (2013)

The status of understanding of the operation of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells is reviewed. Because the carrier photoexcitation recombination lengths are typically 10 nm in these disordered materials, the length scale for self-assembly must be of order 10-20 nm. Experiments have verified the existence of the BHJ nanostructure, but the morphology remains complex and a limiting factor. Three steps are required for generation of electrical power: i) absorption of photons from the sun; ii) photoinduced charge separation and the generation of mobile carriers; iii) collection of electrons and holes at opposite electrodes. The ultrafast charge transfer process arises from fundamental quantum uncertainty; mobile carriers are directly generated (electrons in the acceptor domains and holes in the donor domains) by the ultrafast charge transfer (≈70%) with ≈30% generated by exciton diffusion to a charge separating heterojunction. Sweep-out of the mobile carriers by the internal field prior to recombination is essential for high performance. Bimolecular recombination dominates in materials where the donor and acceptor phases are pure. Impurities degrade performance by introducing Shockly-Read-Hall decay. The review concludes with a summary of the problems to be solved to achieve the predicted power conversion efficiencies of >20% for a single cell.
Identification of Plasmodesmal Localization Sequences in Proteins <em>In Planta</em> (2017)

Identification Of Plasmodesmal Localization Sequences In Proteins In Planta - Video. JoVE publishes peer-reviewed scientific video protocols to accelerate biological, medical, chemical and physical research. Watch our scientific video articles. JoVE is the world-leading producer and provider of science videos with the mission to improve scientific research, scientific journals, and education. Millions of scientists, educators and students at thousands of universities, colleges, hospitals and biopharmaceutical companies worldwide use JoVE for their research, teaching and learning.
Exploiting Programmable Dipole Interaction in Straintronic Nanomagnet Chains for Ising Problems (2023)

This paper presents the design of a nanomagnet-based Ising machine where the stochasticity of low barrier magnetic tunneling junctions (MTJ) and their programmable dipole interaction is exploited to map quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problems on a nanomagnet network.
Ephedrine–Epinephrine Mix-Ups Nurse Computer Order Entry Leads to Error Precisely Wrong (2003)

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again—perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them in your inservice training programs. Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the USP Medication Errors Reporting Program, which is presented in cooperation with the Institute for Safe Medication Practices. If you have encountered medication errors and would like to report them, you may call USP toll-free, 24 hours a day, at 800–233–7767 (800–23-ERROR). Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writers‘ names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below.
Improved Delay-Locked Loop in a UWB Impulse Radio Time-Hopping Spread-Spectrum System (2007)

As ultra-wideband impulse radio (UWB-IR) uses short-duration impulse signals of nanoseconds, even a small number of timing errors can cause a detrimental effect on system performance. A delay-locked loop (DLL) is proposed to synchronize and reduce timing errors. The design of the DLL is vital for UWB systems. In this paper, an improved DLL is introduced to a UWB-IR time-hopping spread-spectrum system. Instead of using only two central correlator branches as in a conventional DLL, the proposed system uses two additional correlator branches with different delay parameters and different weight parameters. The performance of the proposed schemes with the optimal parameters is compared with that of traditional schemes through simulation: the proposed four-branch DLLs achieves less tracking jitter or a longer mean time to lose lock (MTLL) than the conventional two-branch DLLs if proper parameters are chosen.
Localization, Molecular Weight and Immunoglobulin Subclass Response to <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> Allergens in Acute Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (1988)

A specimen of Aspergillus fumigatus was isolated from a patient with acute bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). Cultures were allowed to propagate and were separated into spores and mycelium to greater than 95% homogeneity. Extracts of both the spores and mycelium were prepared and used for study by both dot blot analysis and immunoblotting to study the major allergens. By dot blot analysis, 22 of 22 patients with ABPA and none of 10 healthy controls reacted with mycelium when probed for both IgG and IgE anti-Aspergillus reactivity. Similar results were obtained when these extracts were separated on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and then probed; this included both IgG and IgE reactivity. Further, the reactivity to preparations of whole extract was absorbed with mycelium but not spores. Several distinct protein bands were detected with IgG, ranging from 30 to 110 kilodaltons (kD). In contrast, the majority of patients with ABPA, when studied for IgE reactivity, reacted only with a 70-kD protein, although 1 out of 22 patients reacted with a 30-kD protein. Subclass analysis of IgG reactivity demonstrated that 90% of reactive sera contained IgG2 and 73% IgG4 reactivity. IgG1 and IgG3 reactivity were present but less frequently detected. The use of immunoblotting will enable the identification of relevant allergens. Further, the demonstration that the allergenicity is located primarily in mycelium will allow more definitive studies of allergen isolation for studies of reactivity and, ultimately, cloning of the 70-kD protein and, finally, epitope mapping.
Annonaceous Acetogenins from the Seeds of Annona squamosa. Adjacent Bis-tetrahydrofuranic Acetogenins. (1994)

The petroleum ether extract of the seeds of Annona squamosa L. yielded thirteen adjacent and four non-adjacent bis-tetrahydrofuranic acetogenins, in addition to squamocin (1) and squamostatin-A. The structures of the thirteen acetogenins, named as squamocins-B (2), -C (3), -D (4), -E (5), -F (6), -G (7), -H (8), -I (9), -J (10), -K (11), -L(12), -M (13) and -N (14), have been established on the basis of spectral evidence. Squamocins-B, -D, -E, -F, -I, -K and -N are new acetogenins. The structures of these acetogenins vary in hte carbon number (C37 or C35), the number and position of hydroxyl groups (substituted at C-4, C-12, C-28 or C-29) and the stereochemistry at the bis-tetrahydrofuran moiety. Squamocin-N (14) has an unprecedented threo-cis-threo-cis-threo stereochemistry in its bis-tetrahydrofuran portion. Co-occurrence on a diastereoisomeric pair, 9 and 10, is noteworthy.
Voice service interworking for PSTN and IP networks (1999)

This article presents an overview of the main technical problems to be addressed for the provision of interoperable services between IP telephony and the PSTN. The pivotal element of the solution resides in an interworking function. This function is typically implemented in a gateway whose requirements and behavior are here analyzed in terms of signaling and control protocols (control plane) as well as user data transfer (user plane). The presentation is structured around these two planes. The control plane defines the set of signaling protocols to be used in each networking context and the translation between them. Detailed scenarios illustrate the signal translation in the gateway allowing for the establishment of a hybrid phone call. The user plane is responsible for adapting the user data to the properties of each network channel and determines the quality of service of the voice call in terms of delay and speech quality.
ChemInform Abstract: NEW, C‐18 FUNCTIONAL DERIVATIVES OF DEOXYCORTICOSTERONE (1980)

Abstract Die Synthese von 21‐ Hydroxy‐18‐hydroxymethyl‐19‐nor‐4 pregnen‐3,20‐dion (XIIb) aus Östronme thylether (I) über die Stufen (II) (entsprechend Literaturangaben erhalten) und weiter (III) bis (XIIa) (z.T.
State‐of‐the‐art in Automatic 3D Reconstruction of Structured Indoor Environments (2020)

Abstract Creating high‐level structured 3D models of real‐world indoor scenes from captured data is a fundamental task which has important applications in many fields. Given the complexity and variability of interior environments and the need to cope with noisy and partial captured data, many open research problems remain, despite the substantial progress made in the past decade. In this survey, we provide an up‐to‐date integrative view of the field, bridging complementary views coming from computer graphics and computer vision. After providing a characterization of input sources, we define the structure of output models and the priors exploited to bridge the gap between imperfect sources and desired output. We then identify and discuss the main components of a structured reconstruction pipeline, and review how they are combined in scalable solutions working at the building level. We finally point out relevant research issues and analyze research trends.
Supplementary Table S4 from Tumor PDCD1LG2 (PD-L2) Expression and the Lymphocytic Reaction to Colorectal Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Distribution of colorectal cancer cases according to tumor PDCD1LG2 (PD-L2) expression and the overall lymphocytic reaction score&lt;/p&gt;
Mechanistic study of hydrothermal synthesis of aromatic polyimides (2011)

A mechanistic study regarding the synthesis of aromatic polyimides (PIs) under hydrothermal conditions is presented. We demonstrate evidence that the first step of the reaction is the formation of a nylon type salt, which can be isolated. Upon heating the salt in the presence of water at 180 °C, polyimides are formed from the salts. Additionally performed DFT calculations substantiate the experimental findings and give evidence that the formation of imides is energetically favorable in hot water. The intermediate salts as well as the resulting PIs are characterized by diverse analytical techniques (SEC, FT-IR, WAXS, SEM). By selective fractionation, it is possible to obtain polyimides of moderate to high molecular weights that form tough films. The polymerization mechanism is discussed, and it is shown that different loci of reaction are possible, namely interfacial polycondensation, heterophase polymerization and topochemical transformations, which seem to occur in parallel. Finally, poloxamers can be used as additives for the fine-tuning of the polymer morphology.
Understanding the Reinforcing Mechanisms in Kenaf Fiber/PLA and Kenaf Fiber/PP Composites: A Comparative Study (2012)

This study focused on exploring the feasibility of green composites made from biodegradable and renewable materials as potential alternatives to petroleum polymer composites and understanding the reinforcing mechanisms in composites containing kenaf fibers (KF). KF-reinforced poly(lactide) acid (PLA) composites were made using melt compounding and injection molding, and their properties were compared to that of KF-reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites. The flexural properties and thermomechanical behavior were determined as a function of the fiber content, the crystallization of PLA and PP was studied using X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry, and the composites’ morphology was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. It was concluded that PLA exhibits higher modulus and Tg compared to those of neat PP. The modulus of the composites at 40 wt% fibers is 6.64 GPa and 2.96 GPa for PLA and PP, respectively. In general, addition of kenaf results in larger property enhancement in PP due to better wetting of the fibers by the low melt viscosity PP and the crystallization behavior of PP that is significantly altered by the fibers. The novelty of this work is that it provides one-to-one comparison of PLA and PP composites, and it explores the feasibility of fabricating green composites with enhanced properties using a simple scalable process.
Enhanced in Vitro Maturation of Subcultivated Fetal Human Hepatocytes in Three Dimensional Culture using Poly-L-Lactic Acid Scaffolds in the Presence of Oncostatin M (2003)

Fetal human liver cell fractions, which contain large numbers of hepatocyte progenitors, have high proliferation potential in vitro. To create an engineered liver tissue equivalent of a clinically significant size, however, repeated subcultivation and functional maturation are necessary in vitro. A commercially available human fetal liver cell fraction that was cultivated for some time in vitro has been reported to lose liver specific functions almost completely. We therefore investigated the effects of oncostatin M (OSM) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in long-term three-dimensional (3D) culture using macroporous poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffolds on the restoration of such liver-specific functions of the fraction. 3D culture using PLLA scaffolds with OSM remarkably enhanced the albumin production and cytochrome P450 1A1/2 capacity with the culture time. HGF alone had no preferable effect on these functions even in 3D culture. Alpha-fetoprotein production was consistently suppressed in the 3D culture compared with that in monolayers. This suppression was not observed in the same types of culture of hepatocarcinoma Hep G2 cells. Despite these favorable observations on the 3D culture with OSM, the final attained functional levels at the 5th week were still over ten-times lower than those of Hep G2 cells when standardized with a cellular DNA amount. Although further improvement is needed for the complete functional restoration and maturation in vitro, these results demonstrate that a combination of 3D culture using PLLA scaffolds and OSM offers promising culture conditions for in vitro maturation of human hepatocyte progenitors.
Comparative Study of the Accuracy of At-Point Clinical Frailty Scale and Morse Fall Scale in Identifying High-Risk Fall Patients among Hospitalized Adults (2023)

The at-point CFS is a valid screening tool for assessing fall risk in hospitalized adults, as it effectively identifies fall risk with a performance similar to that of the MFS.
Rapid Prototyping Design Acceleration Using a Novel Merging Methodology for Partial Configuration Streams of Xilinx Virtex-II FPGAs (2006)

RAM-based FPGAs have become very important for electronic designs in the last years since they are very flexible, provide high configurability and allow short turn around times. Especially in the field of rapid prototyping (RP) another feature plays an important rule: their infinite reprogrammability. These features help to create freely modifiable rapid prototyping systems, which allow both, changes in the hardware architecture as well as in software. However, handling the FPGA devices in the engineering process is not an easy issue and typically requires deep knowledge of the circuits themselves, their behavior and programming languages as VHDL or Verilog. Our approach presents the combination of a flexible and versatile FPGA-based rapid prototyping system and efficient configuration methodology for Xilinx Virtex-II FPGAs supplemented by an easy to use design support for time saving functional implementation and platform configuration
Euglycemia Indicates Favorable Motor Outcome in Parkinson's Disease (2021)

Both high and low HbA1c levels may be associated with motor symptom progression in PD; however, further studies are needed to confirm these findings and increase understanding regarding causality. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Ice-nucleating agents in sea spray aerosol identified and quantified with a holistic multimodal freezing model (2022)

Sea spray aerosol (SSA) is a widely recognized important source of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) in the atmosphere. However, composition-specific identification, nucleation processes, and ice nucleation rates of SSA-INPs have not been well constrained. Microspectroscopic characterization of ambient and laboratory-generated SSA confirms that water-borne exudates from planktonic microorganisms composed of a mixture of proteinaceous and polysaccharidic compounds act as ice-nucleating agents (INAs). These data and data from previously published mesocosm and wave channel studies are subsequently used to further develop the stochastic freezing model (SFM) producing ice nucleation rate coefficients for SSA-INPs. The SFM simultaneously predicts immersion freezing and deposition and homogeneous ice nucleation by SSA particles under tropospheric conditions. Predicted INP concentrations agree with ambient and laboratory measurements. In addition, this holistic freezing model is independent of the source and exact composition of the SSA particles, making it well suited for implementation in cloud and climate models.
Monitoring and Control of Free-Radical Polymerizations Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (2004)

International audience
Water-cooled first crystals for the SPring-8 x-ray undulator beamlines (1999)

In SPring-8, the first crystals with pin-post water path have widely used at x-ray undulator beamlines. The crystals have been fabricated by using metal diffusive bonding technique. Although the initial crystals had sufficient endurance for high heat load, deterioration of the performance due to the strain induced by the water pressure was observed. Newly designed crystal showed better diffraction properties. Some problems to be improved are also discussed.
Efficient rendering and cache replacement mechanisms for hierarchical tiling in mobile GPUs (2012)

The 3D rendering capabilities are now widely available in the consumer electronics devices because the consumer applications usually use it for superior user experience. However, those rendering capabilities have been very limited because the resources of these devices are limited; small amounts of memory, less bandwidth, and limited energy consumption. Therefore, the tile-based rendering becomes prevalent in mobile GPUs for consumer electronic devices. In the tiled systems, a hierarchical tiling technique is used to further reduce bandwidth requirement. However, the hierarchical tiling has very high locality when multi-core GPUs are adopted which is not well exploited. Therefore, this paper proposes a block-based rendering sequence and a multi-core locality-aware cache replacement (MLCR) mechanism to utilize this locality. The results show the proposed mechanism reduces cache miss rates from 46.78% to 38.06% when block-based rendering sequence is used with conventional cache replacement. The miss rate can be further reduced to 35.98% when incorporate proposed sequence with MLCR. Furthermore, the implementation cost is analyzed and shows the proposed mechanism is affordable in a consumer electronics device and improves performance of consumer applications with 3D graphics.