gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Material limitations to 193-nm lithographic system lifetimes</title> (1996)

Several experiments are reported to better predict the 193-nm radiation-induced compaction rates of fused silica at lithographic intensities. Birefringence monitoring is capable of measuring the compaction-induced birefringence distribution from modest total fluences. For example, 6 hours at 350Hz with a per pulse energy density of only 1.1mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP> produces a relative compaction of about 38 ppB and corresponding relative refractive index change of 11 ppB which is easily measured. Moreover, this value of compaction is more than would be predicted by extrapolation from past higher fluence experiments. Compaction follows a non- linear dependence on pulse count. Compaction rates drop with continuing irradiation but do not saturate in the 1-10 ppm compaction range. The dependence of compaction on intensity is found to accurately follow an intensity squared rule that is all data over a wide range of pulse energy densities can be plotted via a single curve. Using this result, one can now scale higher energy density tests to predict damage rates of materials at lower fluences. Although compaction rates can vary by a factor of three over all sample types, we find less than 25 percent variation in compaction rate among UV grade samples.
Influence of composition-dependent thermal conductivity on the long-term evolution of primordial reservoirs in Earth's lower mantle (2021)

The binary output data files from simulations using StagYY
Hypersonic shock waves and hybridization of a-C:H thin films (2003)

A distributed electron cyclotron resonance plasma reactor powered by a microwave generator operating at 2.45 GHz was used to deposit a-C:H films at room temperature on rf biased 〈100〉 Si substrates. Modifying substrate bias, substrate current density and composition of the precursor gas enabled the average deposited energy density to be varied. The physical properties of a-C:H were investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). The experimental results were correlated with the predictions of the binary collision theory. The influence of the deposited energy density on the nucleation and growth processes was investigated using both pure C2H2 and C2H2 mixed with Ar. The sp3 nucleation process is shown to be stimulated by high energy density cascades generated by (C2H2)+ and Ar+ ions. For the pure acetylene plasma, the AFM topography displays a random network of circular, crater-like objects close to 1 μm in diameter. These objects are associated with plastic flow of a-C:H and are attributed to the transversal hypersonic shock waves generated by overlapping binary collision cascades. EELS analysis shows that an increasing ion current density applied under constant substrate bias leads to an increased sp3 hybridized carbon fraction. The effect is attributed to interference between the shock waves triggered by individual ions and the corresponding high pressure transients. The probability Pi of a dynamic overlap of order i between shock waves is estimated under the assumption that in order to modify the quantum state and bonding type, the overlap must occur during the wave propagation time τ. The observed evolution of the sp3 hybridized fraction is consistent with theoretical predictions for i=2 and a propagation time τ≈1 ps, indicating that shock waves are generated during the cascade’s lifetime. Analysis of the AFM images shows that once the shock wave comes to rest, the subsequent nucleation of the sp3 hybridized component is controlled by the tensile stress-mediated nucleation process.
Co-modelling of Agricultural Robotic Systems (2015)

Automated and robotic ground-vehicle solutions are gradually becoming part of the agricultural industry, where they are used for performing tasks such as feeding, herding, planting, harvesting, and weed spraying. Agricultural machinery operates in both indoor and outdoor farm environments, resulting in changing operational conditions. Variation in the load transported by ground-vehicles is a common occurrence in the agricultural domain, in tasks such as animal feeding and field spraying. The development of automated and robotic ground-vehicle solutions for conditions and scenarios in the agricultural domain is a complex task, which requires input from multiple engineering disciplines. This PhD thesis proposes modelling and simulation for the research and development of automated and robotic ground-vehicle solutions for purposes such as component development, virtual prototype testing, and scenario evaluation. The collaboration of multiple engineering disciplines is achieved by combining multiple modelling and simulation tools from different engineering disciplines. These combined models are known as co-models and their execution is referred to as co-simulation. The results of this thesis are a model-based development methodology for automated and robotic ground-vehicles utilised for a number of research and development cases. The co-models of the automated and robotic ground vehicles were created using the model-based development methodology, and they contribute to the future development support in this research domain. The thesis presents four contributions toward the exploration of a chosen design space for an automated or robotic ground vehicle. Solutions obtained using co-modelling and co-simulation are deployed to their ground-vehicle realisations, which ensures that all stages of development are covered.
No Decrease in Blood Pressure After an Acute Bout of Intermittent Hyperpnea and Hypoxia in Prehypertensive Elderly (2020)

Prevalence of hypertension, subjective sleep complaints and snoring increases with age. Worse sleep and snoring, in turn, are independent risk factors to develop hypertension. Both respiratory muscle training (RMT) and intermittent hypoxia (IH) are suggested to have positive effects on these physiological and behavioral variables. This study therefore aimed to test the acute effects of a single bout of RMT, with and without IH, on resting blood pressure (BP) and sleep. Fourteen prehypertensive elderly performed a 60-min session of (a) intermittent voluntary normocapnic hyperpnea (HYP) alone, (b) HYP in combination with IH (HYP&IH) and (c) a sham intervention in randomized order. BP, hemodynamics, heart rate variability (HRV), cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were assessed before and 15, 30 and 45 min after each intervention. Variables of sleep were assessed with actigraphy, pulse oximetry and with questionnaires during and after the night following each intervention. Neither HYP nor HYP&IH resulted in a decrease in BP. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed no significant interaction effect for systolic BP (<i>p</i> = 0.090), diastolic BP (<i>p</i> = 0.151), HRV parameters, BRS and PWV (all <i>p</i> > 0.095). Fragmentation index was lower after both HYP (-6.5 units) and HYP&IH (-8.4 units) compared to sham, <i>p</i>(ANOVA) = 0.046, although pairwise comparisons reveal no significant differences. There were no other significant effects for the remaining sleep variables. We conclude that one bout of intermittent hyperpnea, alone or in combination with IH, is not effective in lowering blood pressure or improving sleep in prehypertensive elderly.
A Family of Dual-Segment Compliant Joints Suitable for Use as Surrogate Folds (2015)

Origami-inspired design is an emerging field capable of producing compact and efficient designs. The object of a surrogate fold is to provide a foldlike motion in a nonpaper material without undergoing yielding. Compliant mechanisms provide a means to achieve these objectives as large deflections are achieved. The purpose of this paper is to present a continuum of compliant joints capable of achieving motions not currently available with existing compliant joints. A series of compliant joints are presented in which the joint can be designed to allow or resist a variety of secondary motions. Closed-form solutions are presented for these compliant joints.
Interaction of human spermatozoa with the zona pellucida of oocyte Development of the acrosome reaction (1996)

Mammalian spermatozoa are not able to fertilize an oocyte upon ejaculation. To gain fertilizing ability, spermatozoa must, either in vivo or in vitro, undergo a process termed capacitation. Since a reliable marker for capacitation does not exist, it is considered that this process is completed when the spermatozoa are able to undergo acrosomal x intestinal mucosa which might require tandem signaling events for this process is the presence of a vascular countercurrent arrangement in the subepithelial compartment. As happens for absorbed solutes, this countercurrent phenomenon may distort transepithelial solute gradient. For example, perfusion of mammalian intestinal loops in vivo with solutions containing fMLP was previously found to induce neutrophil attachment to endothelial cells and structurally defined endothelial activation, but failed to elicit directed migration across the lamina propria (Madara, unpublished observations), suggesting that directed migration may require a more stable gradient than that afforded by the usual soluble signals. For example, once present in inflamed tissue, IL-8 is likely to retain its biological activity for several hours, as shown by local intradermal administration in animals and humans. In contrast to Il-8, chemokines such as fMLP or LTB4 are degraded rapidly by oxidation or hydrolysis. Fertilization is a very complex phenomenon, involving sequential interactions between the fertilizing spermatozoon and cumulus oophorus, ZP, and oolemma. The AR may be playing a key role in penetration of spermatozoa through these egg vestments.
Prognostic factors in well-differentiated early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (1993)

Only five patients died of recurrent ovarian cancer; all of these patients belonged to the inaccurately staged group. No significant relationship was found between clinicopathologic characteristics, such as menopausal status, FIGO stage, histologic cell type, and 5-year disease-free survival rate. Forty-two of the tumors had a mitotic activity index (MAI) of less than 30, and 43 of the tumors showed a volume percentage epithelium (VPE) of less than 65. Neither as a single parameter nor in combination did MAI and VPE correlate significantly with disease-free survival. Thirty-two tumors (50%) were DNA diploid, 15 were considered wide-CV-diploid, and 17 were aneuploid. Nearly 90% of the tumors showed DNA indices (DI) of 1.40 or less. The 5-year disease-free survival rate was significantly lower (61%) for patients with DI greater than 1.40 than for those with DI of 1.40 or less (96%) (P < 0.005). From the total number of five patients who died of their disease, three had tumors with DI in the tetraploid range.
Two types of systemic amyloidosis in a single patient (2020)

The systemic amyloidoses are a group of rare diseases, in which extracellular deposition of a variety of proteins in an abnormal fibrillar confirmation results in life-threatening organ dysfunction...
Learning Object Evaluation: Computer-Mediated Collaboration And Inter-Rater Reliability (2003)

Learning objects offer increased ability to share learning resources so that system-wide production costs can be reduced. But how can users select from a set of similar learning objects in a repository and be assured of quality? This article reviews recent developments in the establishment of learning object repositories and metadata standards, and presents a formative reliability analysis of an online, collaborative method for evaluating quality of learning objects. The method uses a 10-item Learning Object Review Instrument (LORI) within a Convergent Participation evaluation model that brings together instructional designers, media developers, and instructors. The inter-rater reliability analysis of 12 raters evaluating eight learning objects identified specific items in LORI that require further development. Overall, the collaborative process substantially increased the reliability and validity of aggregate learning object ratings. The study concludes with specific recommendations including changes to LORI items, a rater training process, and requirements for selecting an evaluation team.
Transient diffusivity measurements in catalyst pellets with two zones of differing diffusivities (1977)

Transient pulse diffusivity measurements were carried out in a ''pellet string'' reactor, 100 cm long, 0.5 cm ID, in which 320 partially plugged automobile catalyst pellets were packed. About 25 jl of nitrogen were injected as a tracer into helium carrier gas for each run. The column to pellet diameter ratio was 1.40:1. Conservation equations were formulated which describe the transient diffusion process in catalyst pellets with two interconnecting regions of differing diffusivities. The shape of the elution curve from a packed bed with axial dispersion was computed by numerical inversion of the Laplace transformed solutions for a Dirac delta function input. The calculations indicated that if an appropriate residence time is chosen, the elution curve shape should be sensitive to the differing diffusivities of the two zones in the catalyst pellets. The experimental peak shapes were analyzed by the Fourier analysis technique and the diffusivities were extracted by the Constrained Simplex optimization routine. The results showed good resolution of the different diffusivities in the skin and core of the catalyst pellets. Catalyst pellets with two zones of differing diffusivities are also of interest in cracking catalysis and hydrodesulfurization.
Upregulation of Isoprenoid Pathway Genes During Enhanced Saikosaponin Biosynthesis in the Hairy Roots of Bupleurum falcatum (2006)

In order to characterize saikosaponin biosynthesis in Bupleurum falcatum, the expression of five isoprenoid pathway genes and their relationship to saikosaponin accumulation in the hairy roots were analyzed. The hairy roots exhibited a rapid accumulation of saikosaponins when incubated in a root culture medium (3XRCM). Homology-based RT-PCR was used to isolate core fragments of five genes, HMGR, IPPI, FPS, SS, and OSC, from the hairy roots. The deduced amino acid sequences exhibited amino acid identities of more than 85% to previously reported genes. Using the fragments as probes, the expression of these five genes in the hairy roots during incubation in 3XRCM medium was examined. Expression of all five genes in the hairy roots increased soon after incubation. In particular, the SS and OSC genes were coordinately induced at 8 days of incubation, and their expression persisted throughout the incubation period. A quantitative HPLC analysis showed that the saikosaponin content of the hairy root culture also began to increase at 8 days of culture. The correlation between SS transcript level and saikosaponin content in the hairy roots suggests that transcriptional regulation plays a regulatory role in saikosaponin biosynthesis.
Prediction of Outcome in Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma by the Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (HLA-DR, DP, DQ) and Class I (HLA-A, B, C) Phenotype (1991)

Ninety-nine consecutive diffuse large cell lymphoma (DLCL) patients were studied by immunohistochemistry to determine whether clinical outcome was predicted by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigen phenotypic expression. Statistically significantly shorter disease free survival (p = 0.005), but not overall survival (p = 0.47), was observed when patient lymphomas failed to express class I MHC antigens. We also observed significantly reduced survival of class II MHC HLA-DP negative patients (p = 0.038). This extends our previous finding of poor outcome with absent class II MHC HLA-DR in DLCL(1) to other MHC antigens and demonstrates that the phenomenon of defective class II antigen expression comprises 16% of these DLCL patients. Known clinical parameters predictive of prognosis were equally distributed between phenotypic groups. These findings indicate that aberrancy of immune phenotype in DLCL is critical to patient outcome and we speculate that loss of MHC expression may confound host immunosurveillance and tumor containment.
Optional Solution for Fight Against Global Climate Change. (2019)

If we want to solve large and difficult problems as to handle industrial-scale emissions of millions of m3 per hour, we need a generation of the suitable new equipment. If we do not find new devices such as 9 new dust separators, 4 gas liquid solid heterogeneous reactors, continuous filtration decant flocculation tank , make sure that we can not resolve completely the issues
Kernel analysis over Riemannian manifolds for visual recognition of actions, pedestrians and textures (2012)

A convenient way of analysing Riemannian manifolds is to embed them in Euclidean spaces, with the embedding typically obtained by flattening the manifold via tangent spaces. This general approach is not free of drawbacks. For example, only distances between points to the tangent pole are equal to true geodesic distances. This is restrictive and may lead to inaccurate modelling. Instead of using tangent spaces, we propose embedding into the Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space by introducing a Riemannian pseudo kernel. We furthermore propose to recast a locality preserving projection technique from Euclidean spaces to Riemannian manifolds, in order to demonstrate the benefits of the embedding. Experiments on several visual classification tasks (gesture recognition, person re-identification and texture classification) show that in comparison to tangent-based processing and state-of-the-art methods (such as tensor canonical correlation analysis), the proposed approach obtains considerable improvements in discrimination accuracy.
IEEE 802.21 Assisted Seamless and Energy Efficient Handovers in Mixed Networks (2012)

Network selection is the decision process for a mobile terminal to handoff between homogeneous or heterogeneous networks. With multiple available networks, the selection process must evaluate factors like network services/conditions, monetary cost, system conditions, user preferences etc. In this paper, we investigate network selection using a cost function and information provided by IEEE 802.21. The cost function provides flexibility to balance different factors in decision making and our research is focused on improving both seamlessness and energy efficiency of handovers. Our solution is evaluated using real WiFi, WiMax, and 3G signal strength traces. The results show that appropriate networks were selected based on selection policies, handovers were triggered at optimal times to increase overall network connectivity as compared to traditional triggering schemes, while at the same time the energy consumption of multi-radio devices for both on-going operations as well as during handovers is optimized.
Trend of Clinical Outcome and Surrogate Markers During Titration of β-Blocker in Heart Failure Patients With Reduced Ejection Fraction (2012)

Recent improvement of clinical outcome among HFrEF patients may be attributable to the up-titration policy accompanying lowered heart rate. Resting heart rate ≤71beats/min and β-blocker ≥10mg/day (ie, 50% of the target dose for Japanese patients) could be surrogate markers when titrating β-blocker.
A Narrowband Pulse-Echo Technique for In Vivo Ultrasonic Attenuation Estimation (1985)

The principles of a narrowband technique for pulse echo attenuation measurements are presented. Experiments are described which compare the attenuation in tissue-mimicking phantoms, measured by known methods, to the attenuation measured by the present technique. The effects of various experimental parameters on the results are investigated. The attenuation in spleens of canine models and in livers of human volunteers is presented.
Les pieds dans le plat : Les aliments, des produits vivants (2017)

Maison de la Science en Bretagne Située sur le campus de Beaulieu de l'Université de Rennes 1, la Maison pour la science en Bretagne a ouvert ses portes en septembre 2014. Initiée par la Fondation "La main à la pâte" et par l’Académie des sciences, cette Maison est le fruit d’une collaboration exemplaire entre les universités, les grandes écoles bretonnes (dont AGROCAMPUS OUEST) et le rectorat d’académie. Elle propose à l’ensemble des professeurs des écoles et des collèges de l’académie de Rennes de participer à des actions de développement professionnel dans les domaines scientifiques. La 3 iéme action de développement personnel, à destination des enseignants du collège, a eu lieu les 23 et 24 janvier avec l’intervention de plusieurs enseignants-chercheurs du dépt Productions animales, agroalimentaire, nutrition (PSAN). Romain Jeantet, Amélie Deglaire, Valérie Lechevalier, Françoise Nau et Catherine Guérin ont animé le module : « Les pieds dans le plat : transformer et conserver les aliments ». Infos : www.maisons-pour-la-science.org Contact : romain.jeantet@agrocampus-ouest.fr&lt;br/&gt;Maison de la Science en Bretagne Située sur le campus de Beaulieu de l'Université de Rennes 1, la Maison pour la science en Bretagne a ouvert ses portes en septembre 2014. Initiée par la Fondation "La main à la pâte" et par l’Académie des sciences, cette Maison est le fruit d’une collaboration exemplaire entre les universités, les grandes écoles bretonnes (dont AGROCAMPUS OUEST) et le rectorat d’académie. Elle propose à l’ensemble des professeurs des écoles et des collèges de l’académie de Rennes de participer à des actions de développement professionnel dans les domaines scientifiques. La 1re action de développement personnel, à destination des enseignants du collège, a eu lieu les 19 et 20 janvier avec l’intervention de plusieurs enseignants-chercheurs du dépt Productions animales, agroalimentaire, nutrition (PSAN). Romain Jeantet, Amélie Deglaire, Valérie Lechevalier, Françoise Nau et Catherine Guérin ont animé le module : « Les pieds dans le plat : transformer et conserver les aliments ». Infos : www.maisons-pour-la-science.orgContact : romain.jeantet@agrocampus-ouest.fr
Analysis of the Structural Core of the Human Estrogen Receptor Ligand Binding Domain by Selective Proteolysis/Mass Spectrometric Analysis (1995)

The structure of the ca. 250 amino acid hormone binding domain of the human estrogen receptor (hER-LBD), expressed in E. coli and purified as a complex with estradiol, has been probed by selective proteolysis, with analysis of the protein fragments both by classical methods (SDS-PAGE and Edman N-terminal sequencing) and by mass spectrometry (HPLC-coupled electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS)). Rapid cleavage by several proteases (trypsin, chymotrypsin, thermolysin, and Asp-N endoproteinase) is observed within a localized region (residues 297-303) at the N-terminus. In contrast, proteolytic scission at the C-terminus is less localized and more progressive; initial cuts by trypsin, chymotrypsin, thermolysin, V8, and Asp-N proteinases are observed to occur in the region 553-571, followed by further cleavage with thermolysin (548) and trypsin (548, 531, and 529). Thus, N304 and K529 define the protease-resistant N- and C-termini of a core structure for this domain that appears to contain the elements sufficient for ligand binding. The remaining segment of this domain (530-553), which is known to embody elements essential for ligand-modulated transcription activation (AF-2), is likely a surface-exposed region that, through these studies, is shown to be accessible to proteases. Only a single region within the 26 kDa ligand-binding core (N304-K529) has been identified as being readily accessible to proteases; rapid proteolysis using the proteases trypsin, chymotrypsin, and thermolysin, is localized to residues 465-468, with cleavage occurring at residues K467, L466, and both T465 and S468, respectively. The flexibility implied by the cuts in this internal 465-468 region suggest that the hER-LBD may actually consist of two subdomains. These proteolysis studies provide a substantially refined view of the conformational nature of the human estrogen receptor ligand binding domain.