gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computational model of silica nanoparticle penetration into tumor spheroids: Effects of methoxy and carboxy PEG surface functionalization and hyperthermia (2021)

Drug delivery to tumors suffers from poor solubility, specificity, diffusion through the tumor micro-environment and nonoptimal interactions with components of the extracellular matrix and cell surface receptors. Nanoparticles and drug-polymer complexes address many of these problems. However, large size exasperates the problem of slow diffusion through the tumor. Three-dimensional tumor spheroids are good models to evaluate approaches to mitigate these difficulties and aid in design strategies to improve the delivery of drugs to treat cancer effectively. Diffusion of drug carriers is highly dependent on cell uptake rate parameters (association/dissociation) and temperature. Hyperthermia increases molecular transport and is known to act synergistically with chemotherapy to improve treatment. This study presents a new inverse estimation approach based on Bayesian probability for estimating nanoparticle cell uptake rates from experiments. The parameters were combined with a finite element computational model of nanoparticle transport under hyperthermia conditions to explore its effect on tumor porosity, diffusion and particle binding (association and dissociation) at cell surfaces. Carboxy-PEG-silane (cPEGSi) nanoparticles showed higher cell uptake compared to methoxy-PEG-silane (mPEGSi) nanoparticles. Simulations were consistent with experimental results from Skov-3 ovarian cancer spheroids. Amorphous silica (cPEGSi) nanoparticles (58 nm) concentrated at the periphery of the tumor spheroids at 37°C but mild hyperthermia (43°C) increased nanoparticle penetration. Thus, hyperthermia may enhance cancer treatment by improving blood delivery to tumors, enhancing extravasation and penetration into tumors, trigger release of drug from the carrier at the tumor site and possibly lead to synergistic anti-cancer activity with the drug.
Targeting the PI3K/AKT pathway overcomes enzalutamide resistance by inhibiting induction of the glucocorticoid receptor (2019)

ABSTRACT The PI3K-AKT pathway has pleiotropic effects, and its inhibition has long been of interest in the management of prostate cancer, where a compensatory increase in PI3K signaling has been reported following Androgen Receptor (AR) blockade. Prostate cancer cells can also bypass AR blockade through induction of other hormone receptors, in particular the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Here we demonstrate that AKT inhibition significantly decreases cell proliferation through both cytostatic and cytotoxic effects. The cytotoxic effect is enhanced by AR inhibition and is most pronounced in models that induce compensatory GR expression. AKT inhibition increases canonical AR activity and remodels the chromatin landscape, decreasing enhancer interaction at the GR gene ( NR3C1 ) locus. Importantly, it blocks induction of GR expression and activity following AR blockade. This is confirmed in multiple in vivo models, where AKT inhibition of established xenografts leads to increased canonical AR activity, decreased GR expression, and marked anti-tumor activity. Overall, our results demonstrate that inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway can block GR activity and overcome GR-mediated resistance to AR-targeted therapy. Ipatasertib is currently in clinical development, and GR induction may be a biomarker to identify responsive patients or a responsive disease state. SIGNIFICANCE Induced GR expression is compensatory for AR blockade and confers resistance to AR-targeted therapy. Here we show that inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway remodels the chromatin landscape, blocks the induction of GR expression and overrides enzalutamide resistance.
Flow‐independent magnetic resonance venography of the calf (2003)

Venous anatomy mapping and detection of lower-limb DVT appear feasible using flow-independent MR venograms.
Protecting the Exchange of Document Images in Cross-Enterprise Process Integration with Web Services (2006)

There is now an increasing demand for sharing document images and image data for process integration among enterprises. Web services technology has recently been widely proposed and gradually adopted as a platform for supporting integrations. There are so far no holistic solutions to tackle the various protection issues in this area, especially regarding the security and privacy protection requirements in cross-enterprise progress integration. We propose the exchange of document images through a Document Image Exchange Platform (DIEP), replacing ad-hoc and manual exchange practices. We show how contemporary technologies of Web services and watermarking can help archive images with layered implementation architecture. Through dedicated Web services technologies with watermarking mechanism, not only can the development, deployment, and maintenance of software be streamlined, the privacy protection in document image exchanges as required by disparate processes can also be much facilitated.
Binding properties of indocyanine green in human blood. (1998)

These findings indicated low vascular or tissue permeability of ICG, which is caused by the larger molecular size of HDL and LDL. Also noted was that the ICG fluorescence observed in the angiogram may be equivalent to the hemodynamics of HDL alone or in combination with LDL in the bloodstream. This biochemical consideration may be a basis for the further understanding of ICG angiography.
D-gluconate dehydrogenase, 2-keto-D-gluconate yielding, from Gluconobacter dioxyacetonicus: Purification and characterization. (1984)

D-Gluconate dehydrogenase catalyzing the oxidation ofD-gluconate to 2-keto-D-gluconate was solubilized with Triton X-100 from the membrane of Gluconobacter dioxyacetonicus IFO 3271 and purified to an almost homogeneousstate by chromatographies on DEAE-cellulose and CMToyopearl in the presence of 0.1% Triton X-100. The enzyme had three subunits with molecular weights of 64, 000, 45, 000 and 21, 000, and contained approximately 2mol of heme per mol of the enzyme. The prosthetic group of the dehydrogenase was found to be a flavin covalently bound to the enzyme protein. The substrate specificity of the purified enzyme was very strict for D-gluconate and the apparent Michaelis constant for D-gluconate was 2.2mM.The optimum pH and temperature of the purified enzyme were 6.0 and 40°C, respectively.
Stochastic Equilibrium Model of Peak Period Traffic Congestion (1983)

This paper addresses the problem of peak period traffic congestion. It considers the queues and delays at a single point of insufficient capacity. A model is developed to predict the pattern of traffic volumes and travel times during a peak period. It consists of two basic elements: a deterministic queue and a random utility departure time choice. The utility represents the tradeoff that exists whenever congestion occurs at the desired departure time. A trip-maker can then shift his/her trip forward or backward in time to avoid a long delay. The properties of the equilibrium solution of the model are investigated analytically. It is shown that there cannot be more than one congestion period and that the equilibrium solution is unique.
Occlusion of Experimental Aneurysms with Heparin-loaded, Microporous Stent Grafts (2003)

The stent graft we have developed seems to be highly promising for the treatment of aneurysms, especially with respect to immediate termination of blood inflow for aneurysm occlusion and rapid endothelialization in the aneurysm neck.
AN IMPROVED SYNTHESIS OF 5-(3,4-DIMETHOXYPHENYL)-3-HYDROXY-4-NITROCYCLOHEXENE (1993)

(1993). AN IMPROVED SYNTHESIS OF 5-(3,4-DIMETHOXYPHENYL)-3-HYDROXY-4-NITROCYCLOHEXENE. Organic Preparations and Procedures International: Vol. 25, No. 5, pp. 577-579.
Certificate-aware encrypted traffic classification using Second-Order Markov Chain (2016)

With the prosperity of network applications, traffic classification serves as a crucial role in network management and malicious attack detection. The widely used encryption transmission protocols, such as the Secure Socket Layer/Transport Layer Security (SSL/TLS) protocols, leads to the failure of traditional payload-based classification methods. Existing methods for encrypted traffic classification suffer from low accuracy. In this paper, we propose a certificate-aware encrypted traffic classification method based on the Second-Order Markov Chain. We start by exploring reasons why existing methods not perform well, and make a novel observation that certificate packet length in SSL/TLS sessions contributes to application discrimination. To increase the diversity of application fingerprints, we develop a new model by incorporating the certificate packet length clustering into the Second-Order homogeneous Markov chains. Extensive evaluation results show that the proposed method lead to a 30% improvement on average compared with the state-of-the-art method, in terms of classification accuracy.
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic study of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase fromPlasmodium falciparum (2010)

The nonmevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis present in Plasmodium falciparum is known to be an effective target for antimalarial drugs. The second enzyme of the nonmevalonate pathway, 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR), catalyzes the transformation of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate (DXP) to 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP). For crystallographic studies, DXR from the human malaria parasite P. falciparum (PfDXR) was overproduced in Escherichia coli, purified and crystallized using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method in the presence of NADPH. X-ray diffraction data to 1.85 A resolution were collected from a monoclinic crystal form belonging to space group C2 with unit-cell parameters a = 168.89, b = 59.65, c = 86.58 A, beta = 117.8 degrees. Structural analysis by molecular replacement is in progress.
Self‐Lubricating Nano‐Ball‐Bearings (2006)

Friedel–Crafts alkylation of octaphenyloctasilsesquioxane (OPS) introduces a hydrocarbon layer around the rigid OPS core (see figure). Although periodic order is maintained even in the melt, as determined from X-ray diffraction measurements, this layer provides access to low-melting solids for butyl, hexyl, octyl, and decyl substituents. Because the alkyl groups interdigitate, the butyl and hexyl melts are stable to temperatures of ca. 400 °C, which is ca. 100 °C higher than the octyl and decyl compounds. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2007/c1551_s.html or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Cover Picture: Nanoparticle‐Impact Experiments are Highly Sensitive to the Presence of Adsorbed Species on Electrode Surfaces (ChemElectroChem 6/2014 (2014)

A small amount of adsorbed molecules on an electrode surface can fully suppress its direct or mediated electrochemical interaction with impacting nanoparticles, as shown on p. 1057 by R. G. Compton et al.
Syntheses of Flavones via the Iodine-Mediated Oxidative Cyclization of 1,3-Diphenylprop-2-en-1-ones (2003)

Abstract The syntheses of flavones from 1,3-diphenylporp-2-ene-1-ones are described. When 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-ones were heated with iodine in triethylene glycol, oxidative cyclization underwent to obtain flavones in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF AZOMETHINES OF THE PYRAN SERIES (1979)

Abstract Der Dihydropyranyla1dehyd(I) reagiert mit Aminen (II) zu Azomethinen (III), die in Abhängigkeit von den N‐Substituenten mehr oder weniger leicht dimerisieren.
Traceability of frequency based mass measurements using a quartz crystal microbalance (2018)

The quartz crystal microbalance provides critical measurement capability for a wide variety of in situ and in vivo applications. However, it suffers from an underdeveloped connection to the SI (International System of Units). Here, a vacuum metal deposition system is used to deposit films of various masses on to the quartz crystals. The frequency change, which is proportional to the mass shift through the Sauerbrey equation, is compared to gravimetric based mass measurements using SI traceable mass artifacts.
Quantitative health monitoring of bolted joints using a piezoceramic actuator–sensor (2003)

The non-destructive evaluation technique using a piezoceramic (PZT) as an actuator–sensor has a potential to efficiently detect structural damage. In this technique, a PZT actuator–sensor patch is bonded on a structure. Through the measurement of its electrical impedance, which is related to the mechanical impedance of the structure being bonded, the change in structural properties due to damage can be detected. This paper presents the use of a PZT actuator–sensor in conjunction with numerical model-based methodology in structural health monitoring to quantitatively detect damage of bolted joints. The structure used in this study consists of two aluminium beams connected by a bolted joint. The damage was simulated by loosening the bolts. To quantitatively monitor the damage, a numerical model of the structure was formulated. A spectral element method (SEM), based on a wave propagation approach, was used to model the structure. A bonded-PZT beam and a bolted joint element were developed by using the SEM. The equations of motion were derived by using Hamilton's principle and then the spectral element matrices were formulated. Experimental results show the effectiveness of this method to detect the damage. By using the proposed model, the loosening of bolts can be quantitatively identified as the change in stiffness and damping at the bolted joint, indicating a high potential of this method in order to quantitatively monitor structural damage.
In Vitro Anaerobic Fermentation of Alkali-Treated Corn Stover by Rumen Microbes1 (1986)

Individual and combined effects of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), ferrous chloride (FeCl2), ferric nitrate [Fe(NO3)3] and tartrate components of the cellulose solvent, iron sodium tartrate (FeTNa) on anaerobic fermentation of corn stover were investigated using a semi-continuous culture procedure. Ruminal fluid inocula were obtained from a ruminal-cannulated steer fed an alfalfa hay diet. The in vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility (IVNFD) and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration for non-treated corn stover (CS), NaOH-treated CS and FeTNa-treated CS were: 25.3%, 58.2% and 47.2%; and 41.3 mM, 64.5 mM and 70.2 mM, respectively. Response of ruminal microbes to Fe in NaOH-treated corn stover indicated that FeCl2 limited ammonia-N (NH3-N) availability. Addition of NH3 alleviated the depression in digestibility by FeCl2. Tartrate in the solvent was metabolized to VFA and CO2 without apparent chemical inhibition. An apparent beneficial disruptive swelling action exerted by the ferric FeTNa appeared to be offset by a ferrous ion-induced NH3-N limitation. The FeTNa-treated residue may be washed before fermentation to remove Fe. Because nutrients solubilized by the solvent are removed during washing, there is little advantage to using FeTNa over NaOH alone to increase substrate digestion by ruminal microbes.
L’agrégation de l’ovalbumine induite par un traitement thermique modifie son allergénicité (2016)

L’agrégation de l’ovalbumine induite par un traitement thermique modifie son allergénicité. 11ème Congrès francophone d'allergologie
Nonlinear Regression of Stable Random Variables (1991)

Let $(X_1, X_2)$ be an $\alpha$-stable random vector, not necessarily symmetric, with $0 < \alpha < 2$. This article investigates the regression $E(X_2 \mid X_1 = x)$ for all values of $\alpha$. We give conditions for the existence of the conditional moment $E(|X_2|^p|X_1 = x)$ when $p \geq \alpha$, and we obtain an explicit form of the regression $E(X_2 \mid X_1 = x)$ as a function of $x$. Although this regression is, in general, not linear, it can be linear even when the vector $(X_1, X_2)$ is skewed. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for linearity and characterize the asymptotic behavior of the regression as $x \rightarrow \pm \infty$. The behavior of the regression functions is also illustrated graphically.
Two-year Lamivudine treatment for Hepatitis B e Antigen-Negative Chronic Hepatitis B: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial (2007)

Two-year lamivudine treatment is effective in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B. However, the response is not sustained after treatment cessation.
Prostacyclin improves transcoronary myocardial delivery of adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (2006)

PGI2 safely increases myocardial delivery of ADSCs, by mechanisms independent of its vasodilatory properties, with a potential for its use in cell therapy for cardiac repair.
Stabilization of the Charge‐Separated States of Covalently Linked Zinc Porphyrin–Triphenylamine–[60]Fullerene (2010)

Spectroscopic, redox, computational, and electron transfer reactions of the covalently linked zinc porphyrin-triphenylamine-fulleropyrrolidine system are investigated in solvents of varying polarity. An appreciable interaction between triphenylamine and the porphyrin pi system is revealed by steady-state absorption and emission, redox, and computational studies. Free-energy calculations suggest that the light-induced processes via the singlet-excited porphyrin are exothermic in benzonitrile, dichlorobenzene, toluene, and benzene. The occurrence of fast and efficient charge-separation processes ( approximately 10(12) s(-1)) via the singlet-excited porphyrin is confirmed by femtosecond transient absorption measurements in solvents with dielectric constants ranging from 25.2 (benzonitrile) to 2.2 (benzene). The rates of the charge separation processes are much less solvent-dependent, which suggests that the charge-separation processes occur at the top region of the Marcus parabola. The lifetimes of the singlet radical-ion pair (70-3000 ps at room temperature) decrease substantially in more polar solvents, which suggests that the charge-recombination process is occurring in the Marcus inverted region. Interestingly, by utilizing the nanosecond transient absorption spectral technique we can obtain clear evidence about the existence of triplet radical-ion pairs with relatively long lifetimes of 0.71 mus (in benzonitrile) and 2.2 mus (in o-dichlorobenzene), but not in toluene and benzene due to energetic considerations. From the point of view of mechanistic information, the synthesized zinc porphyrin-triphenylamine-fulleropyrrolidine system has the advantage that both the lifetimes of the singlet and triplet radical-ion pair can be determined.
Extracting the Full Potential of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes as Durable Supercapacitor Electrodes Operable at 4 V with High Power and Energy Density (2010)

Supercapacitor electrodes fabricated from single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are shown to be capable of durable operation at 4 V, exceeding the operating voltage limit of activated carbon electrodes (AC, 3 V), while delivering significantly higher energy and power (see figure). Dual exploitation of SWNTs as combined electrodes and current collectors is also explored.
Epigenetic regulation of Atoh1 guides hair cell development in the mammalian cochlea (2016)

There was an error published in Development 142, 3529-3536.The concentrations of two drugs were wrongly reported. The correct values are 200 nM (not 500 μM) TSA and 500 μM (not 200 nM) VPA. Corrected sentences read as follows.On p. 3531: To test the requirement for histone deacetylation of Atoh1 during postnatal downregulation, we treated P1 organ cultures for 6 or 24 h with 500 μM valproic acid (VPA), a broad-spectrum histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) (Göttlicher et al., 2001) (Fig. 3C).On p. 3534: Embryonic cochlear cultures were placed directly in the drug/vehicle; postnatal cultures were allowed to recover for 2-3 hours before administering the drugs [30 μM curcumin (Enzo Life Sci, ALX-350-M010), 250 μM BA (Enzo Life Sci, ALX-778-649-18-6), 200 nM TSA (Sigma) and 500 μM VPA (Sigma)].The authors apologise to readers for this mistake.
The Smart Spring† An Indirect-activeLow-power Adaptive Structure DeviceFor Vibration Attenuation (2004)

The Smart Spring concept is a semi-active approach to vibration suppression that makes use of an actively tuneable impedance device. The Smart Spring device makes efficient use of piezoceramic actuators for cyclically removing and adding structural stiffness in the vibratory load path. Thus, the large bandwidth and force generating capabilities of piezoelectric actuators are exploited while the relatively large power requirement often associated with other active approaches is circumvented. Numerical and experimental data demonstrates that the Smart Spring device is capable of controlling all aspects of the complex impedance of a dynamic system. The Smart Spring is therefore capable of controlling the damping and resonance frequencies exhibited by such a system. This combined capability is unique to the Smart Spring system.
Modulators of Vitamin D Nuclear Receptor: Recent Advances from Structural Studies (2014)

The vitamin D nuclear receptor (VDR) and its ligand, 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3, or calcitriol) regulate numerous biological functions. Therefore, VDR represents an important therapeutic target in the treatment of various diseases such as cancers, psoriasis, rickets, renal osteodystrophy, and autoimmune dysfunctions. Despite the number of newly synthesized 1,25(OH)2D3 analogues, the need for highly potential modulators of VDR with precise cell-, gene- or coregulator-selectivity still exists. The information coming from the analysis of crystal structures of VDR-ligand complexes remains one of the most powerful tools to explain and validate the properties of the compounds and, furthermore, to gain new rationales for their modification. The number of reports on VDR-ligand recognition is constantly rising, and herein we review the recently published structural data. With the emphasis on the most promising compounds, such as secosteroidal compounds and 1,25(OH)2D3 mimics, we also highlight other natural ligands for VDR, evidence for the existence of an alternative ligand binding site within LBP, and identification of novel VDR modulators.