gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3D Capillary-Driven Paper-Based Sequential Microfluidic Device for Electrochemical Sensing Applications (2019)

This article describes the device design and fabrication of two different configurations (flow-through and stopped-flow) of a sequential fluid delivery platform on a microfluidic paper-based device. The developed device is capable of storing and transporting reagents sequentially to the detection channel without the need for external power. The device comprises two components: an origami folding paper (oPAD) and a movable reagent-stored pad (rPAD). This 3D capillary-driven device eliminates the undesirable procedure of multiple-step reagent manipulation in a complex assay. To demonstrate the scope of this approach, the device is used for electrochemical detection of biological species. Using a flow-through configuration, a self-calibration plot plus real sample analysis using a single buffer introduction are established for ascorbic acid detection. We further broaden the effectiveness of the device to a complex assay using a stopped-flow configuration. Unlike other electrochemical paper-based sensors in which the user is required to cut off the device inlet or rest for the whole channel saturation before measurement, herein a stopped-flow device is carefully designed to exclude the disturbance from the convective mass transport. As a proof of concept, multiple procedures for electrode modification and voltammetric determination of serotonin are illustrated. In addition, the research includes an impedimetric label-free immunosensor for α-fetoprotein using the modified stopped-flow device. The beneficial advantages of simplicity, low sample volume (1 μL), and ability to perform a complex assay qualify this innovative device for use with diverse applications.
The oxysterol–CXCR2 axis plays a key role in the recruitment of tumor-promoting neutrophils (2013)

Tumor-infiltrating immune cells can be conditioned by molecules released within the microenvironment to thwart antitumor immune responses, thereby facilitating tumor growth. Among immune cells, neutrophils play an important protumorigenic role by favoring neoangiogenesis and/or by suppressing antitumor immune responses. Tumor-derived oxysterols have recently been shown to favor tumor growth by inhibiting dendritic cell migration toward lymphoid organs. We report that tumor-derived oxysterols recruit protumor neutrophils in a liver X receptor (LXR)-independent, CXCR2-dependent manner, thus favoring tumor growth by promoting neoangiogenesis and immunosuppression. We demonstrate that interfering with the oxysterol-CXCR2 axis delays tumor growth and prolongs the overall survival of tumor-bearing mice. These results identify an unanticipated protumor function of the oxysterol-CXCR2 axis and a possible target for cancer therapy.
MINERALOCORTICOIDS AND CARDIAC FIBROSIS: THE DECADE IN REVIEW (2001)

1. Over the past decade, aldosterone has been shown to have direct extra-epithelial actions and substantial (patho)physiological roles in the cardiovascular system in the context of inappropriate salt status. In experimental studies on uninephrectomized rats given 0.9% NaCl solution to drink, these include blood pressure elevation via activation of circumventricular mineralocorticoid receptors in the central nervous system and production of pressure-independent cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis by a direct effect on the heart. 2. In the Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study (RALES) trial, patients with severe congestive heart failure (CHF) were continued on their current therapy (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, diuretic etc.) and given either placebo or spironolactone at an average dose of 26 mg/day. Mineralocorticoid receptor inhibition was accompanied by a 30% improvement in mortality and 35% less hospitalization, striking confirmation of a pathophysiological role for aldosterone in CHF. 3. Although the current basic and clinical studies are conflicting, there is evidence both for aldosterone synthesis by the failing human heart and for substantial cardiac metabolism of aldosterone. The extent to which this potential paracrine source for aldosterone may be involved in cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis remains to be established. 4. Belatedly, aldosterone-induced proteins (e.g. serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase (SGK)) have been identified in epithelial mineralocorticoid target tissue. Studies are currently in progress on the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the coronary vasculitis provoked early in the mineralocorticoid/salt model, which, in turn, appears to trigger the subsequent perivascular and interstitial fibrotic response.
In Vitro Depletion of Tissue-Derived Dendritic Cells by CMRF-44 Antibody and Alemtuzumab: Implications for the Control of Graft-Versus-Host Disease (2005)

Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), a life-threatening complication of bone marrow transplantation, is initiated by donor T cells reacting to recipient dendritic cells (DC). GvHD can be controlled by attenuating donor T cells, but few strategies exist to target DC, particularly resident tissue DC, despite recent evidence of their importance. In this report, CMRF-44, a mouse monoclonal IgM reactive to human DC, is tested against human Langerhans cells (LC) in vitro. CMRF-44 antigen is expressed at low level on fresh LC but is up-regulated 40-60-fold during migration. CMRF-44 and complement kill more than 97% of migratory LC in vitro and inhibit allostimulation by LC up to 95%. In comparison, alemtuzumab, which binds CD52, reacts weakly with primary LC and fails to induce significant lysis with complement (less than 5%). These results highlight the potential of new therapeutic antibodies active against tissue DC to control graft-versus-host reactions.
Protection Against Discolouration by Two Over-the Counter Desensitising Products. (2018)

Purpose To determine in vitro the protection potential against discolouration of two OTC (over-the-counter) desensitising products on enamel and dentin in comparison to a standard toothpaste and water by means of a spectrophotometer. Materials and methods A total of 96 samples of bovine enamel-dentin complex and 48 of bovine dentin were alternatively immersed in red wine, tea, coffee or water after having been treated by a sodium monofluorophosphate- and calcium phosphate-based product (Curodont Protect), an amine fluoride-based toothpaste (Elmex Red), a stannous chloride-based toothpaste (Elmex Protection Erosion) or distilled water (negative control). Initial (T0) and final colour (T1, after 4 weeks of immersion in staining solutions) of each specimen were assessed by a spectrophotometer. Statistical analysis was done by means of repeated measures ANOVA followed by Fisher's LSD post-hoc test. Differences between T0 and T1 were considered stastistically significant at p ≤ 0.05. Results When enamel samples were measured over a black background, ΔE00 values (T0-T1) varied from 2.2 (SD 0.7) for amine fluoride-based product/water to 53.9 (SD 7.6) for amine fluoride-based-product/red wine. When dentin samples were measured over a black background, ΔE00 values (T0-T1) varied from 5.4 (SD 0.9) stannous chloride based product/water to 61.6 (SD 3.7) amine fluoride-based product/red wine. Conclusion Specifically, the application of the sodium monofluorophosphate was able to statistically significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduce discolouration induced by the staining solutions tested only on the enamel-dentin complex, while distilled water and the stannous fluoride-based product were able to statistically significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduce discolouration induced by the staining solutions tested in pure dentin samples.
The aortic valve microstructure: Effects of transvalvular pressure (1998)

We undertook this study to establish a more quantitative understanding of the microstructural response of the aortic valve cusp to pressure loading. Fresh porcine aortic valves were fixed at transvalvular pressures ranging from 0 mmHg to 90 mmHg, and small-angle light scattering (SALS) was used to quantify the gross fiber structure of the valve cusps. At all pressures the fiber-preferred directions coursed along the circumferential direction. Increasing transvalvular pressure induced the greatest changes in fiber alignment between 0 and 1 mmHg, with no detectable change past 4 mmHg. When the fibrosa and ventricularis layers of the cusps were re-scanned separately, the fibrosa layer revealed a higher degree of orientation while the ventricularis was more randomly oriented. The degree of fiber orientation for both layers became more similar once the transvalvular pressure exceeded 4 mmHg, and the layers were almost indistinguishable by 60 mmHg. It is possible that, in addition to retracting the aortic cusp during systole, the ventricularis mechanically may contribute to the diastolic cuspal stiffness at high transvalvular pressures, which may help to prevent over distention of the cusp. Our results suggest a complex, highly heterogeneous structural response to transvalvular pressure on a fiber level that will have to be duplicated in future bioprosthetic heart valve designs.
RV-FuseNet: Range View Based Fusion of Time-Series LiDAR Data for Joint 3D Object Detection and Motion Forecasting (2021)

Robust real-time detection and motion forecasting of traffic participants is necessary for autonomous vehicles to safely navigate urban environments. In this paper, we present RV-FuseNet, a novel end-to-end approach for joint detection and trajectory estimation directly from time-series LiDAR data. Instead of the widely used bird’s eye view (BEV) representation, we utilize the native range view (RV) representation of LiDAR data. The RV preserves the full resolution of the sensor by avoiding the voxelization used in the BEV. Furthermore, RV can be processed efficiently due to its compactness. Previous approaches project time-series data to a common viewpoint for temporal fusion, and often this viewpoint is different from where it was captured. This is sufficient for BEV methods, but for RV methods, this can lead to loss of information and data distortion which has an adverse impact on performance. To address this challenge we propose a simple yet effective novel architecture, Incremental Fusion, that minimizes the information loss by sequentially projecting each RV sweep into the viewpoint of the next sweep in time. We show that our approach significantly improves motion forecasting performance over the existing state-of-the-art. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our sequential fusion approach is superior to alternative RV based fusion methods on multiple datasets.
Cross‐pin femoral fixation: a new technique for hamstring anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction of the knee (1998)

A new method of femoral fixation for arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using semitendinosus and gracilis (ST/G) tendons is presented. Biomechanical evaluation of the method was performed with pullout tests using animal tissues simulating fixation of ST/G tendons passing around a 2.5-mm pin placed transversely through a femoral tunnel. Clinical assessment of 22 patients was performed according to IKDC, Tegner, Lysholm, isokinetic strength, and KT1000 standards. Fixation strengths ranged from 725 N to 1,600 N for yield and maximal loads to failure for 35-mm to 70-mm cross-pins. Clinical results at mean follow-up of 30 months showed one traumatic failure, IKDC 86% normal or nearly normal, Tegner 6 ave, Lysholm 93 ave, KT1000 86% < 3 mm side-to-side difference on maximal manual evaluation, and isokinetic strength testing of quadriceps 8% deficit with hamstrings 8% deficit. Cross-pin fixation of ST/G tendons may be one of the strongest modes of femoral graft attachment yet devised. Our clinical outcomes in this initial series compare well with previous reports of ACL reconstruction regardless of graft or technique.
Outcomes Following Rhinoplasty Using Autologous Costal Cartilage (2012)

The use of autologous costal cartilage in rhinoplasty was found to be associated with a relatively high complication rate and relatively poor aesthetic outcomes. Considering our results, autologous costal cartilage should be used with the possibility of complications in mind.
Residual stress and Young's modulus measurement of capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer membranes (2002)

Membranes supported by posts are used as vibrating elements of capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs). The residual stress built up during the fabrication process determines the transducer properties such as resonance frequency, collapse voltage, and gap distance. Hence, it is important to evaluate and control the stress in thin film CMUT membranes. The residual stress in the membrane causes significant vertical displacements at the center of the membrane. The stress bends the membrane posts, and the slope at the membrane edges result in amplified displacement at the center by the radius of the membrane. By measuring the center displacement, it is possible to determine the stress provided that Young's modulus of the thin film is known accurately. Usually, in thin film structures Young's modulus differs from that of bulk materials and it depends on thin film deposition technique. In this paper, we propose a novel technique for the measurement of stress and Young's modulus of CMUT membranes. The technique depends on the measurement of membrane deflection and resonance frequency. We modeled the stress and Young's modulus dependence of membrane deflection and resonance frequency using finite element analysis. We used an atomic force microscope (AFM) to measure the membrane deflection and a laser interferometer to determine the resonance frequency of the membrane. The technique is tested on a CMUT membrane. We found that our LPCVD deposition technique yields residual stress of around 100 MPa and Young's modulus of around 300 GPa.
Technical note: validation of a motion analysis system for measuring the relative motion of the intermediate component of a tripolar total hip arthroplasty prosthesis (2005)

Tripolar total hip arthroplasty (THA) prosthesis had been suggested as a method to reduce the occurrence of hip dislocation and microseparation. Precisely measuring the motion of the intermediate component in vitro would provide fundamental knowledge for understanding its mechanism. The present study validates the accuracy and repeatability of a three-dimensional motion analysis system to quantitatively measure the relative motion of the intermediate component of tripolar total hip arthroplasty prostheses. Static and dynamic validations of the system were made by comparing the measurement to that of a potentiometer. Differences between the mean system-calculated angle and the angle measured by the potentiometer were within +/-1 degrees . The mean within-trial variability was less than 1 degrees . The mean slope was 0.9-1.02 for different angular velocities. The dynamic noise was within 1 degrees . The system was then applied to measure the relative motion of an eccentric THA prosthesis. The study shows that this motion analysis system provides an accurate and practical method for measuring the relative motion of the tripolar THA prosthesis in vitro, a necessary first step towards the understanding of its in vivo kinematics.
Thiostrepton hijacks pyoverdine receptors to inhibit growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2019)

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a biofilm-forming opportunistic pathogen and intrinsically resistant to many antibiotics. In a high-throughput screen for molecules that modulate biofilm formation, we discovered that the thiopeptide antibiotic, thiostrepton (TS) - considered inactive against Gram-negative bacteria - stimulated P. aeruginosa biofilm formation in a dose-dependent manner. This phenotype is characteristic of exposure to antimicrobial compounds at sub-inhibitory concentrations, suggesting that TS was active against P. aeruginosa . Supporting this observation, TS inhibited growth of a panel of 96 multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa clinical isolates at low micromolar concentrations. TS also had activity against Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates. Expression of Tsr - a 23S rRNA-modifying methyltransferase - in trans conferred TS resistance, confirming that the drug acted via its canonical mode of action, inhibition of ribosome function. Deletion of oligopeptide permease systems used by other peptide antibiotics for uptake failed confer TS resistance. TS susceptibility was inversely proportional to iron availability, suggesting that TS exploits uptake pathways whose expression is increased under iron starvation. Consistent with this finding, TS activity against P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii was potentiated by FDA-approved iron chelators deferiprone and deferasirox. Screening of P. aeruginosa mutants for TS resistance revealed that it exploits pyoverdine receptors FpvA and FpvB to cross the outer membrane. Our data show that the biofilm stimulation phenotype can reveal cryptic sub-inhibitory antibiotic activity, and that TS has activity against select multidrug resistant Gram-negative pathogens under iron-limited growth conditions, similar to those encountered at sites of infection.
Growing Old and Immunity to Viruses (2014)

This chapter deals with immunity to viruses in old age, and describes broad features of several infections from the standpoint of general host-pathogen interaction. It briefly reviews known and well-described changes in the immune system with aging, and focuses upon those whose relevance and reproducibility is firmly established. Age-related changes have been described both in cells, including neutrophils, dendritic cells (DCs). DCs are key antigen-presenting cells that function at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity. Age-related defects in CD4 and CD8 T cells and B cells have been known for decades, and these are linked to impaired antibody production and cellular immunity. 2009). Aging impacts the ability to generate strong antiviral humoral immunity to influenza and other respiratory viruses, largely the consequence of defective CD4 T-cell help for B cells. It has been shown that CD8 T-cell memory to respiratory virus infections established in aged individuals is inferior to memory established in the young, although the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Despite the fact that vaccination efficacy wanes with aging, to this day there is not a single vaccine tailored towards addressing the specific needs of the elderly population. In some of the cases one will be able to boost preexisting or even heterologous immunity using memory cells.
Combining Content Analysis and Assessment of Exposure through Self-Report, Spatial, or Temporal Variation in Media Effects Research (2016)

An interest in media effects is in most cases an interest in the effects of various types or instances of media content. The more information that researchers capture about such content, the more meaningful inferences about effects can be. Therefore, approaches to media effects research in which researchers first analyze the content of interest and then study impact of exposure to instances of such content has much to recommend them. One such approach is to analyze content to which a given population is likely to be exposed and then, in a survey, identify which instances of that content the respondent has (or likely has) seen. Another approach is to identify differences in media content (ideally identified via content analysis) by geographic unit, and use multi-level analyses to look at associated or prospective differences in outcomes. Another approach is via experiment: experimenters can characterize populations of messages via content analysis, and can sample either message exemplars of particular interest to manipulate in fixed effect designs, or create random samples of types of messages to represent message differences using random effect, multi-level analyses. Such approaches can substantially increase strength of inference, support rigorous test of theory, and increase external validity and policy relevance.
Improvements to Secure Computation with Penalties (2016)

Motivated by the impossibility of achieving fairness in secure computation [Cleve, STOC 1986], recent works study a model of fairness in which an adversarial party that aborts on receiving output is forced to pay a mutually predefined monetary penalty to every other party that did not receive the output. These works show how to design protocols for secure computation with penalties that tolerate an arbitrary number of corruptions.
Endohedral Metallofullerenes: New Spherical Cage Molecules with Interesting Properties (1996)

Abstract Endohedral metallofullerenes (fullerenes containing metals inside the carbon cage) have long attracted special interest as new spherical molecules with novel properties. Recent important progress has been marked by successful isolation and purification in macroscopic quantities. With the availability of such purified samples, it has been possible to investigate the structures, electronic properties, and chemical reactivities. Very recent progress in the theoretical and experimental studies of endohedral metallofullerenes is summarized to show what are known or still unknown for the future material, catalytic, and biological applications.
Serum thyroglobulin determination in the follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (1998)

Journal Article Serum thyroglobulin determination in the follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma Get access M Schlumberger, M Schlumberger Institut Gustave-Roussy, 39 Rue Camille Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif Cedex, France Correspondence should be addressed to M Schlumberger Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E Baudin E Baudin Institut Gustave-Roussy, 39 Rue Camille Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar European Journal of Endocrinology, Volume 138, Issue 3, Mar 1998, Pages 249–252, https://doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1380249 Published: 01 March 1998 Article history Received: 29 May 1997 Accepted: 29 August 1997 Published: 01 March 1998
Nonstatistical UV Fragmentation of Gas-Phase Peptides Reveals Conformers and Their Structural Features (2016)

Solving the 3D structure of a biomolecule requires recognition of its conformers and measurements of their individual structural identities, which can be compared with calculations. We employ the phenomenon of nonstatistical photofragmentation, detected by a combination of UV cold ion spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry, to identify the main conformers of gas-phase peptides and to recover individual UV absorption and mass spectra of all of these conformers in a single laser scan. We first validate this approach with a benchmark dipeptide, Tyr-Ala, and then apply it to a decapeptide, gramicidin S. The revealed characteristic structural difference between the conformers of the latter identifies some of the previously calculated structures of gramicidin S as the most likely geometries of its remaining unsolved conformer.
Perturbation of long-chain polyunsaturated ω3 fatty acid generation and liver content in diabetic rats (2006)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Fouling And Air Bleed Extracted Flow Influence On Compressor Performance (1993)

Compressor performance deterioration with operating time has been analyzed and a method for the description of actual scaled map curves is discussed. These curves are obtained from actual operating point data from the monitoring system. Suitable scaling functions have been introduced. An inverse stage stacking technique solution has been adopted to obtain reference quantities to be used with generalized curves. In order to account for machine peculiar real phenomena, shape factors have been introduced for best fitting of given data.An example is presented to discuss the deteriorated compressor map and the influence of mass flows extracted from bleeds.Copyright © 1993 by ASME