gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PB1 Domains of MEKK2 and MEKK3 Interact with the MEK5 PB1 Domain for Activation of the ERK5 Pathway (2003)

MEKK2 and MEKK3 are MAPK kinase kinases that activate the ERK5 pathway by phosphorylating and activating the MAPK kinase, MEK5. Activated MEK5 then phosphorylates and activates ERK5. PB1 domains were first defined in the p67phox and Bem1p proteins and have been shown to mediate protein-protein heterodimerization. A PB1 domain is encoded within the N-terminal portion of MEKK2, MEKK3, and MEK5. Herein, we analyze the functional role of MEKK2, MEKK3, and MEK5 PB1 domains in the ERK5 activation pathway. The PB1 domains of MEKK2 and MEKK3 bind the PB1 domain of MEK5 but do not significantly homo- or heterodimerize with one another in vitro. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation of MEKK2 and MEK5 from cell lysates shows that they form a complex in vivo. Deletion or mutation of the MEKK2 PB1 domain abolishes MEKK2-MEK5 complexes, demonstrating that the PB1 domain interaction is required for MEKK2-MEK5 interactions. Expression in cells of the MEKK2 or MEKK3 PB1 domain inhibits ERK5 activation, whereas expression of a mutant MEKK2 unable to bind the MEK5 PB1 domain or expression of the p67phox PB1 domain has no effect on ERK5 activation. These findings demonstrate that the PB1 domain mediates the association of MEKK2 and MEKK3 with MEK5 and that the respective PB1 domains of these kinases are critical for regulation of the ERK5 pathway. The free PB1 domain of MEKK2 or MEKK3 functions effectively to inhibit the ERK5 pathway but not the p38 or JNK pathways, demonstrating the specific and unique requirement of the MEKK2 and MEKK3 PB1 domain in regulating ERK5 activation.
MODE OF ACTION OF ZINC BORATES IN FLAME RETARDANT EVA-METAL HYDROXIDES SYSTEMS. (2001)

International audience
Regulation of Guanine Nucleotide Exchange through Phosphorylation of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor eIF2α (1998)

The guanine nucleotide exchange activity of eIF2B plays a key regulatory role in the translation initiation phase of protein synthesis. The activity is markedly inhibited when the substrate, i. e. eIF2, is phosphorylated on Ser51 of its alpha-subunit. Genetic studies in yeast implicate the alpha-, beta-, and delta-subunits of eIF2B in mediating the inhibition by substrate phosphorylation. However, the mechanism involved in the inhibition has not been defined biochemically. In the present study, we have coexpressed the five subunits of rat eIF2B in Sf9 cells using the baculovirus system and have purified the recombinant holoprotein to >90% homogeneity. We have also expressed and purified a four-subunit eIF2B complex lacking the alpha-subunit. Both the five- and four-subunit forms of eIF2B exhibit similar rates of guanine nucleotide exchange activity using unphosphorylated eIF2 as substrate. The five-subunit form is inhibited by preincubation with phosphorylated eIF2 (eIF2(alphaP)) and exhibits little exchange activity when eIF2(alphaP) is used as substrate. In contrast, eIF2B lacking the alpha-subunit is insensitive to inhibition by eIF2(alphaP) and is able to exchange guanine nucleotide using eIF2(alphaP) as substrate at a faster rate compared with five-subunit eIF2B. Finally, a double point mutation in the delta-subunit of eIF2B has been identified that results in insensitivity to inhibition by eIF2(alphaP) and exhibits little exchange activity when eIF2(alphaP) is used as substrate. The results provide the first direct biochemical evidence that the alpha- and delta-subunits of eIF2B are involved in mediating the effect of substrate phosphorylation.
Oral Administration of PF-01247324, a Subtype-Selective Nav1.8 Blocker, Reverses Cerebellar Deficits in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis (2015)

Cerebellar symptoms significantly diminish quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). We previously showed that sodium channel Nav1.8, although normally restricted to peripheral somatosensory neurons, is upregulated in the cerebellum in MS, and that Nav1.8 expression is linked to ataxia and MS-like symptoms in mice. Furthermore, intracerebroventricular administration of the Nav1.8 blocker A-803467 temporarily reversed electrophysiological and behavioral manifestations of disease in a mouse MS model; unfortunately A-803467 is not orally bioavailable, diminishing the potential for translation to human patients. In the present study, we assessed the effect of per os (p.o.) dosing of a new orally bioavailable Nav1.8-selective blocker, PF-01247324, in transgenic mice expressing Nav1.8 in Purkinje neurons, and in wildtype mice in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model. PF-01247324 was administered by oral gavage at 1000 mg/kg; control groups received an equal volume of vehicle. Behavioral assays of motor coordination, grip strength, and ataxia were performed. We observed significant improvements in motor coordination and cerebellar-like symptoms in mice that received PF-01247324 compared to control littermates that received vehicle. These preclinical proof-of-concept data suggest that PF-01247324, its derivatives, or other Nav1.8-selective blockers merit further study for providing symptomatic therapy for cerebellar dysfunction in MS and related disorders.
DEVELOPING A SPEED MANAGEMENT ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK FOR RURAL SINGLE CARRIAGEWAY ROADS (2004)

The last national advice to local authorities on setting local speed limits was provided in DETR Circular 1/93. This report proposes the revision of this Circular should include a more consistent approach to defining a national speed limit regime, linked to road function and road quality. The approach is based on identifying the speeds at which safety and mobility costs, taken together, are minimised. This is done separately for major and minor rural roads. For each group, the final choice of limit is dependent on accident rate, and on ensuring that environmental and social objectives are considered and that acceptable speeds can be achieved. Setting speed limits should be seen as an integral part of rural safety management, and the procedures proposed encourage engineers to consider improvements to reduce accident rates, and thus allow a higher speed limit to be sustained, as an alternative to reducing speed limits. (A)
Dielectric Relaxation in VDF-TeFE Copolymer Near Melting Temperature (2007)

The study of dielectric response dispersion in the vicinity of melting temperature lying slightly above the ferroelectric phase transition in copolymer of vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene P (VDF 0.88 TeFE 0.12 ) within the frequency range 25-10 6 Hz was carried out. It was found increasing of characteristic relaxation time (τ) as a temperature is approached to a point of phase equilibrium from below. The observed dependence τ (T) can be described in terms of the phenomenological theory of diffused first-order phase transition.
Experiences in Using CFX software to solve CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) Problems (2022)

This paper will discuss how engineers can solve computational fluid dynamics (CFD) problems by CFX software. This will introduce the extensive software packages of computational fluid dynamics that allow engineers to construct a geometry and boundary conditions to stimulate a given viscous-flow problem to the software of CFX. CFD is extremely effective software for engineers. The software of computational fluid dynamics grids the flow region and attempts to compute the flow properties at each grid element. Mesh generation and gridding are more refined in modern of CFD. Also, the objective of this system is to show how CFX can solve problems with the interest of potential flow. CFD is the modern digital computer software that can be programmed for the numerical potential flow over hulls of ships, submarines, yachts, and sailboats driven by potential and turbulence flow. CFX will help the computational fluid dynamics software become more accurate at solving the problems dealing with the simulation of impeller and diffusers. The computations used in turbulence formulations are called the k- model, popular in commercial CFD codes. The software of CFX will help the CFD have a more qualitative approach in predicting velocity and pressure. The general topic of CFD is essentially for advanced study or professional practice. Engineers can now take advantage of the CFD commercial codes. Also, the CFD program deals with a direct model called the tridiagonal matrix algorithm (TDMA). Flow diagrams, general problems, and typical examples will be included in this paper.
Geographic Dependence of the Solar Irradiance Spectrum at Intermediate to High Frequencies (2019)

Temporal fluctuations in solar irradiance are important in energy harvesting and the study of ecological systems and climate. As solar irradiance is not stationary, analysis is often made in the frequency domain, rather than the time domain, and the power-law spectrum is often attributed to atmospheric effects, such as dust and clouds. The authors show that the power-law spectrum of solar irradiance appears even for a clear sky, due to modulation of the diurnal oscillations caused by varying daylight duration. Thus the power law depends on geographical location, and one must account for the multiplicative effect of atmospheric factors on the clear-sky power-law spectrum.
Quantitative assessment of myocardial T2 relaxation times in cardiac amyloidosis (2009)

CMR is a potentially valuable tool in the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis. However, calculation of myocardial T2 relaxation times does not appear useful in distinguishing areas of amyloid deposition from normal myocardium.
Enhanced tunability of asymmetric three-section InGaAsP/InP distributed feedback lasers (1993)

Wavelength tunability in three-section distributed feedback laser diodes has been studied under pulsed and continuous biasing. In both cases comparably large modejump-free tuning ranges (2.5 and 3.7 nm, respectively) were obtained for devices operated with two injection electrodes. Several effects are discussed in terms of a possible explanation of the enhanced tunability in these devices.
Geometric aspects of analog quantum search evolutions (2020)

We use geometric concepts originally proposed by Anandan and Aharonov [Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 1697 (1990)] to show that the Farhi-Gutmann time-optimal analog quantum search evolution between two orthogonal quantum states is characterized by unit efficiency dynamical trajectories traced on a projective Hilbert space. In particular, we prove that these optimal dynamical trajectories are the shortest geodesic paths joining the initial and the final states of the quantum evolution. In addition, we verify they describe minimum uncertainty evolutions specified by an uncertainty inequality that is tighter than the ordinary time-energy uncertainty relation. We also study the effects of deviations from the time-optimality condition from our proposed Riemannian geometric perspective. Furthermore, after pointing out some physically intuitive aspects offered by our geometric approach to quantum searching, we mention some practically relevant physical insights that could emerge from the application of our geometric analysis to more realistic time-dependent quantum search evolutions. Finally, we briefly discuss possible extensions of our paper to the geometric analysis of the efficiency of thermal trajectories of relevance in quantum computing tasks.
Optimization of Segmented Linear Paul Traps and Transport of Stored Particles (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Optimization of a Two-layer Microstructured Ion Trap Design Objectives Operating Mode and Modeling of the Segmented Linear Paul Trap Optimization of the Radial Potential Optimization of the Axial Potential Open Loop Control of Ion Transport Non-adiabatic Heating Sources Overview of the Applied Optimization Strategies The Optimal Control Method Optimization Results Ion Heating due to Anharmonic Dispersion Quantum Mechanical Estimate of Non-adiabatic Parametric Heating Improved Initial Guess Function and Ultra-fast Transport Discussion of the Open-loop Result Outlook Appendix References
Model Predictive Engine Speed Control for Transmissions With Dog Clutches (2017)

The need for cost-effective fuel economy improvements has driven the introduction of automatic transmissions with an increasing number of gear ratios. Incorporation of interlocking dog clutches in these transmissions decreases package space and increases efficiency, as compared to conventional dry or wet clutches. Unlike friction-based clutches, interlocking dog clutches require very precise rotational speed matching prior to engagement. Precise engine speed control is, therefore, critical to maintaining high shift quality. This research focuses on controlling the engine speed during a gearshift period by manipulating throttle position and combustion phasing. Model predictive control (MPC) is advantageous in this application since the speed profile of a future prediction horizon is known with relatively high confidence. The MPC can find the optimal control actions to achieve the designated speed target without invoking unnecessary actuator manipulation and violating hardware and combustion constraints. This research utilizes linear parameter varying (LPV) MPC to control the engine speed during the gearshift period. Combustion stability constraints are considered with a control-oriented covariance of indicated mean effective pressure model (COV of IMEP). The proposed MPC engine speed controller is validated with a high-fidelity zero-dimensional engine model with crank angle resolution. Four case studies, based on simulation, investigate the impact of different MPC design parameters. They also demonstrate that the proposed MPC engine controller successfully achieves the speed reference tracking objective while considering combustion variation constraints.
Comments on "Optimization of consecutive reactions with recovery and reuse of unconverted reactant" (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComments on "Optimization of consecutive reactions with recovery and reuse of unconverted reactant"C. Kambitsis, R. Turton, and Octave LevenspielCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1988, 27, 1, 212–213Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00073a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00073a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views34Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Proteins and Hyaluronic Acid Associated with Proteoglycans Extracted from Bovine Nasal Cartilage with Low-Ionic-Strength Salt Solution (1975)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Inventory and Hinge&lt;/em&gt; provides an overview of the research projects performed over the last two decades at the Institute for Contemporary Art Research (IFCAR) of Zurich University of the Arts (ZHdK). It is an inventory because it presents all the projects realized during this period with many figures and illustrations. It is a hinge because links and QR codes grant access to nearly all publications and websites that were created by the individual projects.&lt;/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;Artistic work interconnects multiple competencies and areas of knowledge, ways of life and working, and the IFCAR research projects are thus organized in correspondence with this transgressive gesture, which becomes manifest here as interdisciplinary, networked knowledge production. The cultivation of these complexities has been a mission of the IFCAR since its inception.&lt;/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;Throughout these pioneering years the IFCAR has always seen its task in the promotion of research competency in the fine arts, and in providing support for the conception and execution of concrete projects. Although art as research has a long tradition outside of institutions, this task meant nothing less than introducing a new research discipline into the context of knowledge and establishing a new genre in the context of art. Each of the projects presented in this book involves research through the process of creation—but they often also conduct a metadiscourse on artistic research itself.&lt;/p&gt;\n
Hydroxylation of Desoxycorticosterone with Neurospora crassa1 (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydroxylation of Desoxycorticosterone with Neurospora crassa1D. Stone, M. Hayano, R. I. Dorfman, O. Hechter, C. R. Robinson, and Carl DjerassiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 14, 3926–3927Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01619a077https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01619a077research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views27Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Numerical Model of a Tensioner for Undersea Pipes Laying (2006)

The paper describes the activities carried out for the modeling and identification of the pipe tensioning system used in the lay of off-shore piping lines. First, the interactions between the components of the tensioning system are discussed. Then, a model of the pipe stiffness based on the catenary formulation is presented. It is valid for S or J-lay, depending on the pipe parameters and on the lay conditions. The tensioner model follows. It is composed by a torque controlled electric servomotor that powers a tracks tensioning system. Finally results obtained in the simulation for different work and disturbance conditions are shown.
Interexaminer reliability of otoscopic signs and tympanometric measures for older adults. (1996)

To accurately classify hearing loss and otic disorders among older adults, examiners must be able to consistently assess otoscopic signs and perform middle-ear screening tympanograms. As part of a population-based study of hearing loss in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, the interexaminer reliability of otoscopic examinations and screening tympanograms was evaluated using 45 replicate examinations. Data from 1941 participants 48 to 91 years of age were used to compare otoscopic and tympanometric results. Overall agreement for nine otoscopic signs ranged from 73 percent (vascularity) to 100 percent (drainage). There were small examiner differences in tympanometric measures of equivalent ear-canal volume (Vea) and tympanogram width. No significant differences were observed for peak compensated static acoustic admittance and tympanogram peak pressure. Our findings suggest that examiners can be trained to consistently and accurately assess otoscopic signs and obtain reliable tympanometric results.
Covariance Matrix Estimation With Heterogeneous Samples (2008)

We consider the problem of estimating the covariance matrix M <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</sub> of an observation vector, using heterogeneous training samples, i.e., samples whose covariance matrices are not exactly M <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</sub> . More precisely, we assume that the training samples can be clustered into K groups, each one containing L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sub> , snapshots sharing the same covariance matrix M <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sub> . Furthermore, a Bayesian approach is proposed in which the matrices M <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sub> . are assumed to be random with some prior distribution. We consider two different assumptions for M <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</sub> . In a fully Bayesian framework, M <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</sub> is assumed to be random with a given prior distribution. Under this assumption, we derive the minimum mean-square error (MMSE) estimator of M <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</sub> which is implemented using a Gibbs-sampling strategy. Moreover, a simpler scheme based on a weighted sample covariance matrix (SCM) is also considered. The weights minimizing the mean square error (MSE) of the estimated covariance matrix are derived. Furthermore, we consider estimators based on colored or diagonal loading of the weighted SCM, and we determine theoretically the optimal level of loading. Finally, in order to relax the a priori assumptions about the covariance matrix M <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</sub> , the second part of the paper assumes that this matrix is deterministic and derives its maximum-likelihood estimator. Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the performance of the different estimation schemes.