gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vidya (2003)

In this paper, we present a novel annotation paradigm with an emphasis on two facets -- (a) the end user experience and (b) semantic propagation. The annotation problem is important since media semantics play a key role in new multimedia applications. However, there is currently very little incentive for end users to annotate.The annotation system, is interactive and experiential. We attempt to propagate semantics of the annotations, by using WordNet, a lexicographic arrangement of words, and low-level features extracted from the images. We introduce novel semantic dissimilarity measures, and propagation frameworks. The system provides insight to the user, by providing her with knowledge sources, that are constrained by the user and media context. The knowledge sources are presented using context-aware hyper-mediation.Our Experimental results indicates that the systems performs well. We tested the new annotation experience using a pilot user study, the users agreed that the new framework was more useful that a traditional annotation interface. The semantic propagation results are good as well -- we converge close to the semantics of the image by annotating a small number (~15%) of database images.
Pressor and Bradycardic Effects of Centrally Administered Relaxin in Conscious Rats (1995)

The current study tested the hypothesis that centrally administered relaxin elevates arterial pressure in conscious rats and that this hypertensive effect is mediated, at least in part, by central or peripheral vasopressin. Injection of human relaxin (0.068 or 0.34 microgram in 200 nL artificial cerebrospinal fluid) into the right lateral ventricle of conscious, unrestrained Sprague-Dawley rats caused significant dose-related increases in arterial pressure and decreases in heart rat. The pressor and bradycardic responses to intracerebroventricular injections of relaxin were significantly blunted by pretreatment with either intracerebroventricular or intravenous injection of a vasopressin receptor (V1) antagonist, suggesting that the cardiovascular effects of central relaxin are mediated, at least in part, by V1 receptors in the brain and perhaps also by vasopressin released into the peripheral circulation. Neither intracerebroventricular injection of the vehicle alone nor intravenous injection of relaxin (0.34 microgram) altered arterial pressure or heart rate. In contrast to the above, intravenous injections of relaxin (40 micrograms/kg) elicited pressor and tachycardic responses that were not blunted by pretreatment with either intracerebroventricular or intravenous injection of the V1 receptor antagonist. Together, these data suggest that in the central nervous system relaxin contributes to the regulation of cardiovascular function and that the mechanisms for the cardiovascular effects of central and peripheral relaxin are distinct.
Self-sensing concrete enabled by nano-engineered cement-aggregate interfaces (2016)

The objective of this study was to design a multifunctional cement composite that could not only bear loads but also possessed electromechanical properties that are sensitive to damage. A mainstream approach is to disperse large quantities of conductive additives in the cement matrix, which can be costly, involve complex procedures, difficult to scale-up, and degrade concrete’s inherent mechanical properties. Instead, this research proposes a new method to design multifunctional and self-sensing concrete, which is achieved by altering the cement–aggregate interface using conductive, nano-engineered coatings. Here, a carbon nanotube–based ink solution was sprayed onto the surfaces of aggregates and then dried to form electrically conductive, thin film-coated aggregates. Then, the film-coated aggregates were used as is for casting concrete specimens. It was demonstrated experimentally that this procedure yielded concrete specimens that were not only conductive but also had electrical properties that varied in response to applied physical damage. An electrical impedance tomography algorithm was also implemented and used for estimating their spatial resistivity distributions. Since the electrical properties at every location of the film-enhanced concrete were sensitive to damage, electrical impedance tomography was able to produce electrical resistivity maps that indicated the locations and severities of damage. Multiple concrete cylinder, plate, and beam specimens were cast and tested for validating the self-sensing properties of film-enhanced concrete and the spatial damage detection capabilities of the electrical impedance tomography algorithm.
Metallic part fabrication using selective inhibition sintering (SIS) (2012)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the fundamentals of the selective inhibition sintering (SIS) process for fabricating dense metallic parts. Design/methodology/approach A SIS‐Metal process based on the microscopic mechanical inhibition is developed. In the process, salt solution is printed in the selected area of each powder layer; the salt re‐crystallizes when water evaporates; salt crystals decompose and grow rapidly prior to sintering; the generated salt particles spread between metal powder particles and prevent the fusing of these particles together, hence inhibiting the sintering process in the affected regions. Findings The SIS‐Metal process has numerous advantages. An inhibition of sintering mechanism is established for the future development of the technology. Through chemical and visual analysis using STM the mechanism for the inhibition phenomenon has been identified. Research limitations/implications Only bronze powder has been used in the research. Accordingly, the inhibition chemical has been engineered for this material choice. The approach should be feasible for other metals but a proper inhibitor would need to be found for each material choice. Practical implications The only limitation envisioned for the process may be the removal after sintering of inhibited sections in hard‐to reach areas using physical means such as scraping or vibration. Chemical removal of such sections should be possible, however. Originality/value The paper illustrates a new additive manufacturing technology for metallic parts fabrication.
Amplitude reduction of nonuniformities induced by magnetic Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities in Z-pinch dynamic hohlraums (2004)

Z-pinch plasmas are susceptible to the magnetic Rayleigh–Taylor (MRT) instability. The Z-pinch dynamic hohlraum (ZPDH), as implemented on the Z machine at Sandia National Laboratories, is composed of an annular tungsten plasma that implodes onto a coaxial foam convertor. The collision between tungsten Z pinch and convertor launches a strong shock in the foam. Shock heating generates radiation that is trapped by the tungsten Z pinch. The radiation can be used to implode a fuel-filled, inertial confinement fusion capsule. Hence, it is important to understand the influence that the MRT instability has on shock generation. This paper presents results of an investigation to determine the affect that the MRT instability has on characteristics of the radiating shock in a ZPDH. Experiments on Z were conducted in which a 1.5cm tall, nested array (two arrays with initial diameters of 2.0 and 4.0cm), tungsten wire plasma implodes onto a 5mg∕cc, CH2 foam convertor to create a ∼135eV dynamic hohlraum. X-ray pinhole cameras viewing along the ZPDH axis recorded time and space resolved images of emission produced by the radiating shock. These measurements showed that the shock remained circular to within ±30–60μm as it propagated towards the axis, and that it was highly uniform along its height. The measured emission intensities are compared with synthetic x-ray images obtained by postprocessing two-dimensional, radiation magnetohydrodynamic simulations in which the amplitude of MRT perturbations is varied. These simulations accurately reproduce the measured shock trajectory and spatial profiles of the dynamic hohlraum interior emission as a function of time, even for large MRT amplitudes. Furthermore, the radiating shock remains relatively uniform in the axial direction regardless of the MRT amplitude because nonuniformities are tamped by the interaction of the tungsten Z-pinch plasma with the foam. These results suggest that inertial confinement fusion implosions driven by a ZPDH should be relatively free from random radiation symmetry variations produced by Z-pinch instabilities.
Energy-Efficient Cache Memories using a Dual-Vt 4T SRAM Cell with Read-Assist Techniques (2016)

In order to improve the energy-efficiency of cache memories, this paper presents a static random access memory (SRAM) cell composed of four transistors using dual-V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> FinFET devices. The proposed 4T SRAM cell is designed by (i) removing pull-down transistors of the standard 6T SRAM, and (ii) using low-leakage high-V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> devices for pull-up transistors and fast low-V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> devices for access transistors. This dual-V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> design simultaneously improves hold and write characteristics, but results in a destructive read operation. Accordingly, read-assist techniques are employed to ensure a non-destructive and robust read operation. A selective row address decoder is also proposed to prevent the undesired write operation in half-selected cells. The 4T SRAM cell compared with the all-single-fin 6T counterpart has a 25% smaller layout area with an aspect ratio closer to one. Furthermore, using 7nm FinFET devices with a nominal supply voltage of 0.45V, the 4T SRAM cell achieves 3.5× lower cell leakage power. Because of these features, the energy consumption of a 32KB L1 (256KB L2) cache memory using 4T SRAM cell compared with its 6T counterpart is reduced by 18% (2×), with 35% (19%) higher cache access frequency.
Lexicon and schema development for domain understanding and ontology design (2018)

Our recent experience working as part of a large team has enabled us to identify the role that terminology development plays in team coordination, idea generation, and software development. This paper provides a summary of our findings.
Basal ganglia high-frequency activity is co-modulated with the phase of motor cortical beta and shifted between the subthalamic nucleus and the internal pallidum during sustained motor control (2020)

Abstract Beta oscillations are readily observed in motor cortex and the basal ganglia, but to which extent they are functionally relevant is unclear. To understand how activity transfer between different nodes of the cortico-basal ganglia network is affected by cortical beta oscillations in different behavioural conditions, we recorded local field potentials and electroencephalography (EEG) activity in a low-force motor control task and during rest in Parkinson’s patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery. The patients received DBS of either the subthalamic nucleus (STN) or the internal globus pallidus (GPi), which allowed us to investigate if STN and GPi broad-band high-frequency activity (HFA; &gt;150 Hz) is co-modulated with the phase of motor cortical beta activity. We found significant modulation patterns in the STN and the GPi, which were inverted while patients performed the task, showing that GPi activity fluctuations likely are crafted by other inputs than the direct excitatory STN afferents. We also found that consistent STN modulation disappeared during rest, showing disengagement in this condition, while GPi modulation was maintained, again evidencing that beta-band activity fluctuations in the GPi can be relatively independent of those in the STN. The difference between HFA modulation patterns in the task and rest recordings suggests a potential functional role of beta phase-locked HFA modulation in controlling sustained contractions. Examination of HFA co-modulation patterns at different sites of the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical network under different behavioural conditions may provide a tool with which to define the impact of beta synchronization on network communication.
BoardPUF: Physical Unclonable Functions for Printed Circuit Board Authentication (2015)

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are cryptographic primitives that can be used to generate volatile secret keys for cryptographic operations and enable low-cost authentication of integrated circuits. Existing PUF designs mainly exploit variation effects on silicon and hence are not readily applicable for the authentication of printed circuit boards (PCBs). To tackle the above problem, in this paper, we propose a novel PUF device that is able to generate unique and stable IDs for individual PCB, namely BoardPUF. To be specific, we embed a number of capacitors in the internal layer of PCBs and utilize their variations for key generation. Then, by integrating a cryptographic primitive (e.g. hash function) into BoardPUF, we can effectively perform PCB authentication in a challenge-response manner. Our experimental results on fabricated boards demonstrate the efficacy of BoardPUF.
Infrared radiative characteristics of water clouds (1993)

We have developed a simple analytical approximation for the infrared attenuation and emissivity of clouds and fogs composed of water spheres, based on a polynomial approximation to the Mie attenuation efficiencies. The attenuation coefficients can be obtained in simple analytic form as a function of the liquid water content and two parameters characterizing the size distribution of the water droplets, such as its effective radius and effective variance. The coefficients representing the approximation can be precalculated and stored in a form suitable for use in the inversion of remotely sensed cloud radiances, climate modeling, and numerical weather prediction. The resulting accuracies are within a few percent when compared with exact Mie calculations and integration over the size distribution, while the computational burden is reduced by several orders of magnitude. The radiances from clouds, as well as the cloud reflectance and emittances, calculated with radiative transfer theory using these approximations for the cloud scattering and absorption properties are compared with calculations using exact Mie scattering results. These comparisons show that the radiances, using the new approximations, generally are calculated with greater accuracy than might be expected on the basis of the accuracy of the approximations for the separate parameters.
Solvent and substituent effects on the sense of the enantioselective hydrogenation of pyruvate esters catalysed by Pd and Pt in colloidal and supported forms (1998)

The outcome of the enantioselective hydrogenation of pyruvate esters using cinchona alkaloid-modified palladium catalysts is dependent on the choice of solvent/substituent; the sense of the enantioselectivity can be switched from S to R whilst maintaining the magnitude of the enantiomeric excess.
Ultrasonic disinfection of wastewater effluents for high-quality reuse (2003)

Cavitation, induced by ultrasound at low frequencies, is an effective means for the disintegration of bacterial cells. Two effects can be observed: at low ultrasound doses bacteria flocs can be declumped by mechanical shear stresses, and at increased doses ultrasound cavitation has an impact on the cell walls such that they are broken. In lab scale experiments a horn sonotrode operated at 20 kHz was run in combination with a low-pressure mercury arc lamp to treat wastewater samples taken from the effluent of a municipal treatment plant. At low ultrasound intensities a drastic change in samples' particle size distribution was observed. Consequently, subsequent UV irradiation was far more efficient as the number of large particles which impede disinfection processes was minimised by the sonication. Hence, applied UV doses could be reduced notably to obtain the same or even better disinfection effects.
Stabilization of Power Supply for Shinkansen with Power Converter (2012)

In the Tokaido Shinkansen, rolling stock types have been unified with an inverter controlled type, which was introduced after Series 300. As a result, the input power factor of the main converter of the rolling stock has been controlled to 1. In accordance with this change, the role of reactive compensation of SVC has shifted from the load power of trains to the power consumed by the reactance in an electrical power system. Therefore, considering the aging of power converters, it is time to reassess their layout and the configuration for the future of the Tokaido Shinkansen. We reassessed the equipment configuration, capacity, and layout of power converters as well as verified the impact on the stabilization of power supply when introducing self-commutated power converters.
Watermarking of Two-dimensional Engineering Graph Based on the Orthogonal Complete U-system (2006)

Engineering graph plays an important role in design and manufacture, such as architecture, machinery, manufacture, military and so on. However, almost no persons consider the security and copyright of two-dimensional engineering graph. A novel method for two-dimensional engineering graph watermark based U system is proposed in this paper. Watermarks generated by this technique can be successfully extracted even after rotated, translated, and scaling transformed.
Molecular and electronic structures of mixed-valence exo,exo-1,12-dimethyl[1.1]ferrocenophanium triiodide (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular and electronic structures of mixed-valence exo,exo-1,12-dimethyl[1.1]ferrocenophanium triiodideMichael F. Moore, Scott R. Wilson, Michelle J. Cohn, Teng Yuan Dong, Ulrich T. Mueller-Westerhoff, and David N. HendricksonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 26, 4559–4565Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00220a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00220a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views233Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Matching a Pulsed Power Modulator to a Corona Plasma Reactor (2007)

Summary form only given. For large scale, industrial applications of pulsed corona techniques it is important to develop systems having high energy conversion efficiency. From electrical engineering point of view the challenge is to optimize energy transfer from a power modulator to a reactor with a transient impedance. The matching is expressed as the energy transfer efficiency between the modulator and the reactor. For a matched svstem. a maximum amount of the available energy in the power modulator is used to generate the streamer plasma. The criterion for optimal matching between a modulator and a load is that the output impedance of the modulator is equal to the load impedance. When trying to match a plasma reactor to a pulsed power modulator this criterion is difficult to obey since the load impedance changes rapidlv before, during and after plasma generation. To simulate the response of the load as function of the voltage pulse, a simplified equivalent circuit is used. This circuit was used to analyze the matching between the modulator and the load. Measurements will be presented that support and extend the derived model. Based upon the findings, guidelines to optimize the matching between modulator and reactor are derived. By using the gathered information we already succeeded to construct a large average power (10-30 kW), high energy efficient (>90%) pulsed corona plasma system with short (~100 ns) pulses.
IRON INTOXICATION IN TWO ADULT PATIENTS (1974)

Abstract. Iron intoxication in adults is very rare. Only a few cases are reported in the literature. This paper describes two successfully treated adult patients, one without complications and the other with circulatory failure, hepatic involvement and hemolysis. The current opinions on pathogenesis and therapy are reviewed.
Clinical Characteristics and Problems of Traumatic Brain Injury in the Elderly (2014)

高齢者頭部外傷は予後不良とされ, 病態の解明, 治療法の開発, 予防への取り組みは, 高齢化社会を迎えた本邦における喫緊の課題である. 本稿では, その特徴と問題点について言及・考察する. 高齢者頭部外傷は運動機能や生理機能の低下による転倒・転落が多い. 急性期頭蓋内病変では急性硬膜下血腫の頻度が高く, 血腫量が多いことが特徴で, 加齢による硬膜下腔の拡大など解剖学的特徴に起因する. また, 遅発性頭蓋内血腫や脳血流変化など, 解剖学的・生理学的特徴に関連する病態も高齢者に特徴的である. 近年普及した抗凝固・血小板療法は, 頭蓋内出血増悪の一因であり, さらに治療を困難にしている. 今後, さらなる研究が期待される.
Strain Background Modifies Phenotypes in the ATP8B1-Deficient Mouse (2010)

Our results indicate that the ATP8B1-deficient mouse in a B6 background may be a better model of human ATP8B1 deficiency and highlight the importance of informed background strain selection for mouse models of liver disease.
Nonlinear identification of the total baroreflex arc (2015)

The total baroreflex arc [the open-loop system relating carotid sinus pressure (CSP) to arterial pressure (AP)] is known to exhibit nonlinear behaviors. However, few studies have quantitatively characterized its nonlinear dynamics. The aim of this study was to develop a nonlinear model of the sympathetically mediated total arc without assuming any model form. Normal rats were studied under anesthesia. The vagal and aortic depressor nerves were sectioned, the carotid sinus regions were isolated and attached to a servo-controlled piston pump, and the AP and sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) were measured. CSP was perturbed using a Gaussian white noise signal. A second-order Volterra model was developed by applying nonparametric identification to the measurements. The second-order kernel was mainly diagonal, but the diagonal differed in shape from the first-order kernel. Hence, a reduced second-order model was similarly developed comprising a linear dynamic system in parallel with a squaring system in cascade with a slower linear dynamic system. This "Uryson" model predicted AP changes 12% better (P < 0.01) than a linear model in response to new Gaussian white noise CSP. The model also predicted nonlinear behaviors, including thresholding and mean responses to CSP changes about the mean. Models of the neural arc (the system relating CSP to SNA) and peripheral arc (the system relating SNA to AP) were likewise developed and tested. However, these models of subsystems of the total arc showed approximately linear behaviors. In conclusion, the validated nonlinear model of the total arc revealed that the system takes on an Uryson structure.