gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Losartan Increases Survival of the Fbn1 mgR/mgR Mouse Model of Marfan Syndrome in an Age-Dependent Manner (2021)

Abstract Clinical trials investigating angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) for attenuation of thoracic aortic aneurysm in people with Marfan syndrome have demonstrated variable efficacy. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether the age of mice at the time of losartan initiation affected mortality in fibrillin-1 hypomorphic (Fbn1mgR/mgR) mice. Male (n=40) and female (n=28) Fbn1mgR/mgR mice were randomized to receive losartan in drinking water (0.6 g/L) starting at either 24 or 50 days of age. Controls included Fbn1mgR/mgR mice (20M, 14F) and wild type (15M, 15F) littermates who were not administered the drug. Mortality of Fbn1mgR/mgR males receiving losartan at postnatal day 24 (P24) was not different from wild type controls (p=0.138). Survival of Fbn1mgR/mgR males administered losartan at P50 was not different compared to Fbn1mgR/mgR males receiving no drug (p=0.194) and decreased compared to wild type mice (p=0.002). Survival analysis after P50 demonstrated increased survival of Fbn1mgR/mgR males administered losartan at P50 compared to Fbn1mgR/mgR mice receiving no drug (p=0.017). Age is a critical variable that affects the therapeutic efficacy of losartan in male Fbn1mgR/mgR mice. Since overall mortality in female Fbn1mgR/mgR mice was lower than in male Fbn1mgR/mgR mice, a survival benefit with losartan was not detected in females.
Endothelial mitochondrial oxidative stress determines podocyte depletion in segmental glomerulosclerosis (2014)

Focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS) is a primary kidney disease that is commonly associated with proteinuria and progressive loss of glomerular function, leading to development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). FSGS is characterized by podocyte injury and depletion and collapse of glomerular capillary segments. Progression of FSGS is associated with TGF-β activation in podocytes; however, it is not clear how TGF-β signaling promotes disease. Here, we determined that podocyte-specific activation of TGF-β signaling in transgenic mice and BALB/c mice with Adriamycin-induced glomerulosclerosis is associated with endothelin-1 (EDN1) release by podocytes, which mediates mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction in adjacent endothelial cells via paracrine EDN1 receptor type A (EDNRA) activation. Endothelial dysfunction promoted podocyte apoptosis, and inhibition of EDNRA or scavenging of mitochondrial-targeted ROS prevented podocyte loss, albuminuria, glomerulosclerosis, and renal failure. We confirmed reciprocal crosstalk between podocytes and endothelial cells in a coculture system. Biopsies from patients with FSGS exhibited increased mitochondrial DNA damage, consistent with EDNRA-mediated glomerular endothelial mitochondrial oxidative stress. Our studies indicate that segmental glomerulosclerosis develops as a result of podocyte-endothelial crosstalk mediated by EDN1/EDNRA-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction and suggest that targeting the reciprocal interaction between podocytes and endothelia may provide opportunities for therapeutic intervention in FSGS.
The Power and Perils of MDL (2007)

We point out a potential weakness in the application of the celebrated minimum description length (MDL) principle for model selection. Specifically, it is shown that (although the index of the model class which actually minimizes a two-part code has many desirable properties) a model which has a shorter two- part code-length than another is not necessarily better (unless of course it achieves the global minimum). This is illustrated by an application to infer a grammar (DFA) from positive examples. We also analyze computability issues, and robustness under receding of the data. Generally, the classical approach is inadequate to express the goodness-of-fit of individual models for individual data sets. In practice however, this is precisely what we are interested in: both to express the goodness of a procedure and where and how it can fail. To achieve this practical goal, we paradoxically have to use the, supposedly impractical, vehicle of Kolmogorov complexity.
Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, T-2-toxin and some masked metabolites in different cereals and cereal-derived food (2012)

An LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, T-2-toxin, HT-2-toxin and metabolites, including 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside, α-zearalenol, β-zearalenol, zearalenone-4-glucoside, α-zearalenol-4-glucoside, β-zearalenol-4-glucoside and zearalenone-4-sulfate in maize, wheat, oats, cornflakes and bread. Extraction was performed with acetonitrile/water/acetic acid (79/20/1, v/v/v) followed by a hexane defatting step. After filtration, the extract was evaporated and the residue was redissolved in mobile phase for injection. The mobile phase, which consisted of a mixture of methanol and water with 10 mM ammonium acetate, was adjusted to pH 3 with glacial acetic acid. A sample clean-up procedure was not included because of the low recoveries of free and masked mycotoxins and their differences in polarity. The method allowed the simultaneous determination of 13 Fusarium mycotoxins in a one-step chromatographic run using a Waters Acquity UPLC system coupled to a Quattro Premier XE mass spectrometer. The method was validated for several parameters such as linearity, apparent recovery, limit of detection, limit of quantification, precision, expanded measurement uncertainty and specificity. The limits of detection varied from 5 to 13 ng g⁻¹; those for the limit of quantification from 10 to 26 ng g⁻¹. The results of the performance characteristics of the developed LC-MS/MS method were in good agreement with the criteria mentioned in Commission Regulation (EC) No. 401/2006. Thirty samples of a variety of food and feed matrices were sampled and analysed between July 2010 and January 2011.
Genome Sequence of Halomonas sp. Strain MCTG39a, a Hydrocarbon-Degrading and Exopolymeric Substance-Producing Bacterium (2015)

Halomonas sp. strain MCTG39a was isolated from coastal sea surface water based on its ability to utilize n-hexadecane. During growth in marine medium the strain produces an amphiphilic exopolymeric substance (EPS) amended with glucose, which emulsifies a variety of oil hydrocarbon substrates. Here, we present the genome sequence of this strain, which is 4,979,193 bp with 4,614 genes and an average G+C content of 55.0%.
Separation and Simultaneous Trapping of Multiply Charged and Singly Charged Ions for Mass Spectrometry: Application to Lipid Mixtures (2023)

Conventional electrospray ionization (ESI) of mixtures can give rise to singly and multiply charged analyte species that overlap in mass-to-charge (<i>m</i>/<i>z</i>) ratios, which can complicate the analysis of individual components. The overlap in <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> for ions of different mass and charge is particularly problematic when ions of low relative abundance are of interest. For example, cardiolipins (CLs) are structurally complex phospholipids present in low relative abundance in the lipidome but play crucial roles in mitochondrial metabolism and various regulatory processes. ESI of CLs in negative ion mode shows abundant doubly deprotonated ions and minor singly deprotonated ions. In the ESI of lipid extracts, highly abundant singly charged phospholipids extensively overlap in <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> space with CL dianions of much lesser abundance, thereby complicating the study of the CLs. To address this challenge, we employed a gas-phase approach to separate singly charged ions from a population of ions of mixed charge states while allowing for the storage of one or both of the separated ion populations. Herein, we describe the considerations for applying enhanced singly charged (ESC) and enhanced multiply charged (EMC) scans to perform a gas-phase separation of singly charged lipids from doubly charged lipids in an <i>Escherichia coli</i> extract. This method allows for improved signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of low abundance ions with minimal overall signal loss, removal of "chemical noise" arising from singly charged ions, and allows for retention of spatially separated ions within a mass spectrometer.
Politics, Public Capital, and the Structure of Production (1997)

Numerosi studi hanno tentato di misurare gli effetti sull’economia degli investimenti in capitale pubblico. Le due principali domande a cui questi studi hanno cercato di rispondere sono state: a) il capitale pubblico contribuisce alia produzione privata? b) il capitale pubblico influisce sugli investimenti privati? Uno dei risultati che emerge da questo studio è che la produttivita marginale del capitale pubblico, in particolare di quello federale, è significativamente più bassa di quella del capitale privato. Se si pensa alle attività di rent-seeking, si può ritenere che i gruppi di interesse beneficiari di tali attività si assicureranno un’espansione degli investimenti pubblici che ne ridurrà la produttivita marginale. Questi risultati non escludono l’importanza del capitale pubblico per la produzione privata, con cui vi sono ovvie complementarietà. Non sarebbe, tuttavia, corretto sostenere che siano state le infrastrutture pubbliche a rendere possibili le attività private. I processi sono simultanei e nessuna infrastruttura è logicamente ed economicamente antecedente la produzione privata.
3D Printed Modular Immunofiltration Columns for Frequency Mixing-Based Multiplex Magnetic Immunodetection (2019)

For performing point-of-care molecular diagnostics, magnetic immunoassays constitute a promising alternative to established enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) because they are fast, robust and sensitive. Simultaneous detection of multiple biomolecular targets from one body fluid sample is desired. The aim of this work is to show that multiplex magnetic immunodetection based on magnetic frequency mixing by means of modular immunofiltration columns prepared for different targets is feasible. By calculations of the magnetic response signal, the required spacing between the modules was determined. Immunofiltration columns were manufactured by 3D printing and antibody immobilization was performed in a batch approach. It was shown experimentally that two different target molecules in a sample solution could be individually detected in a single assaying step with magnetic measurements of the corresponding immobilization filters. The arrangement order of the filters and of a negative control did not influence the results. Thus, a simple and reliable approach to multi-target magnetic immunodetection was demonstrated.
Importance of End-Group Structure in Controlling the Interfacial Activity of Polymer-Coated Nanoparticles (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTImportance of End-Group Structure in Controlling the Interfacial Activity of Polymer-Coated NanoparticlesBumjoon J. Kim, Susan Given-Beck, Joona Bang, Craig J. Hawker, and Edward J. KramerView Author Information Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea Cite this: Macromolecules 2007, 40, 6, 1796–1798Publication Date (Web):February 22, 2007Publication History Received4 January 2007Revised9 February 2007Published online22 February 2007Published inissue 1 March 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma070029ohttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma070029orapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2191Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Metal nanoparticles,Nanoparticles,Polymers,RAFT polymerization,Thiols Get e-Alerts
Optimal Force Control of Vibro-Impact Systems for Autonomous Drilling Applications (2012)

The need to maintain optimal energy efficiency is critical during the drilling operations performed on future and current planetary rover missions (see figure). Specifically, this innovation seeks to solve the following problem. Given a spring-loaded percussive drill driven by a voice-coil motor, one needs to determine the optimal input voltage waveform (periodic function) and the optimal hammering period that minimizes the dissipated energy, while ensuring that the hammer-to-rock impacts are made with sufficient (user-defined) impact velocity (or impact energy). To solve this problem, it was first observed that when voice-coil-actuated percussive drills are driven at high power, it is of paramount importance to ensure that the electrical current of the device remains in phase with the velocity of the hammer. Otherwise, negative work is performed and the drill experiences a loss of performance (i.e., reduced impact energy) and an increase in Joule heating (i.e., reduction in energy efficiency). This observation has motivated many drilling products to incorporate the standard bang-bang control approach for driving their percussive drills. However, the bang-bang control approach is significantly less efficient than the optimal energy-efficient control approach solved herein. To obtain this solution, the standard tools of classical optimal control theory were applied. It is worth noting that these tools inherently require the solution of a two-point boundary value problem (TPBVP), i.e., a system of differential equations where half the equations have unknown boundary conditions. Typically, the TPBVP is impossible to solve analytically for high-dimensional dynamic systems. However, for the case of the spring-loaded vibro-impactor, this approach yields the exact optimal control solution as the sum of four analytic functions whose coefficients are determined using a simple, easy-to-implement algorithm. Once the optimal control waveform is determined, it can be used optimally in the context of both open-loop and closed-loop control modes (using standard realtime control hardware).
Search for High Poisson’s Ratio Oxide Glasses (2019)

ICG-SII-093-2019)
Structural-functional Correlations of Corneal Innervation After LASIK and Penetrating Keratoplasty (2010)

Eliminating all higher order aberrations may not optimize visual function in highly aberrated eyes. The new algorithm minimized tissue removal in refractive surgery but further clinical evaluations are required to confi rm preliminary results.
RF accelerating system for a compact ion synchrotron (2002)

We have developed an RF accelerating system for a compact ion synchrotron. The RF cavity is an untuned type loaded with FINEMET cores, which have high complex permeability, high saturation flux density, and high Curie temperature properties. A new power feeding method, "multi-feed coupling," was developed to match the cavity impedance with output impedance of a solid-state RF amplifier. We have installed the RF accelerating system for a multi-purpose synchrotron at the Wakasawan Energy Research Centre in Japan. Ion beams were successfully accelerated by adjusting the RF control system using a direct digital synthesiser. For proton beam acceleration, dual-harmonics operation was effective to enhance the beam intensity due to reduction of the space-charge effect.
Supplemental Figure S5 from Isoflavone Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism after Consumption of a Standardized Soy and Soy–Almond Bread in Men with Asymptomatic Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure S5. Supplemental Figure S5. Prostate specific antigen levels pre-study, during study, and post-study. Mean {plus minus} SEM. Inset reports the slope of average prostate specific antigen values.&lt;/p&gt;
A modelling approach demonstrating micromechanical changes in the tibial cemented interface due to in vivo service (2016)

Post-operative changes in trabecular bone morphology at the cement-bone interface can vary depending on time in service. This study aims to investigate how micromotion and bone strains change at the tibial bone-cement interface before and after cementation. This work discusses whether the morphology of the post-mortem interface can be explained by studying changes in these mechanical quantities. Three post-mortem cement-bone interface specimens showing varying levels of bone resorption (minimal, extensive and intermediate) were selected for this study Using image segmentation techniques, masks of the post-mortem bone were dilated to fill up the mould spaces in the cement to obtain the immediately post-operative situation. Finite element (FE) models of the post-mortem and post-operative situation were created from these segmentation masks. Subsequent removal of the cement layer resulted in the pre-operative situation. FE micromotion and bone strains were analyzed for the interdigitated trabecular bone. For all specimens micromotion increased from the post-operative to the post-mortem models (distally, in specimen 1: 0.1 to 0.5 µm; specimen 2: 0.2 to 0.8 µm; specimen 3: 0.27 to 1.62 µm). Similarly bone strains were shown to increase from post-operative to post-mortem (distally, in specimen 1: −185 to −389 µe; specimen 2: −170 to −824 µe; specimen 3: −216 to −1024 µe). Post-mortem interdigitated bone was found to be strain shielded in comparison with supporting bone indicating that failure of bone would occur distal to the interface. These results indicate that stress shielding of interdigitated trabeculae is a plausible explanation for resorption patterns observed in post-mortem specimens.
Carcinoma of the uvula and midline soft palate: Indication for neck treatment (1992)

According to common classification and staging systems, tumors of the uvula and soft palate are included in the group of oropharyngeal cancers. As such, the same staging systems apply and therapeutic decisions are made accordingly. Our experience with small tumors of the uvula and midline soft palate has shown that these common rules may not apply in these anatomical sites. A multicenter retrospective study was performed to examine the aspects of presentation and clinical course of tumors of the uvula. Only patients with small tumors, less than 2.0 cm in diameter, were included. Twenty-three cases were reviewed. Eleven (47.8%) patients had clinical or radiologic evidence of neck disease on presentation. Five of 12 (41.7%) patients who presented with negative neck were found eventually to have neck disease. Eight patients had cervical recurrence. Only one patient had local recurrence. We suggest that attention may need to be directed to the treatment of the neck of all tumors of the uvula and midline soft palate, regardless of size.
‘Molecular habituation’ as a potential mechanism of gradual homeostatic loss with age (2017)

The ability of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to cause molecular damage has meant that chronic oxidative stress has been mostly studied from the point of view of being a source of toxicity to the cell. However, the known duality of ROS molecules as both damaging agents and cellular redox signals implies another perspective in the study of sustained oxidative stress. This is a perspective of studying oxidative stress as a constitutive signal within the cell. In this work, we adopt a theoretical perspective as an exploratory and explanatory approach to examine how chronic oxidative stress can interfere with signal processing by redox signalling pathways in the cell. We report that constitutive signals can give rise to a 'molecular habituation' effect that can prime for a gradual loss of biological function. This is because a constitutive signal in the environment has the potential to reduce the responsiveness of a signalling pathway through the prolonged activation of negative regulators. Additionally, we demonstrate how this phenomenon is likely to occur in different signalling pathways exposed to persistent signals and furthermore at different levels of biological organisation.
Synthesis of 1-carbacephem derivatives. (1980)

Total syntheses of several types of racemic 1-carbacephem derivatives, 30, 32, 35, 37, 39, 45, 46, 50, 56, 57, 58, 65, and preliminary biological results are described. Addition of azidoacetyl chloride to the Schiff base 10 in the presence of triethylamine gave cis-azetidinones 11a, b which were converted to the racemic key intermediate 5. By applying sequences of reactions developed in 1-oxacephem syntheses, various kinds of 1-carbacephems were prepared from 5. Among twelve derivatives prepared, 50 showed the highest antibacterial activity.
CONCEPTUAL DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF ABSORPTION HEAT PUMPS FOR WASTE HEAT UTILIZATION. (1982)

A thermodynamic analysis of an absorption heat pump cycle has been performed. The system operates on low-grade heat, with only a small input of electrical energy for auxiliary equipment. This feature alone makes it extremely attractive from the standpoint of energy conservation. The actual design of the system should attempt to minimize the parasitic power required for operation. Two working materials, LiBr-water and LiC1-water, have been considered. The combination LiBr-water offers the important advantage over LiC1-water of achieving a higher temperature boost. This consideration may make LiBr solutions the preferred working fluid. The analysis of the absorber/evaporator system indicates that in order to maximize the temperature boost, it is necessary to operate at high values of the low concentration (C /SUB L/ ), with a relatively small concentration change (C /SUB H/ - C /SUB L/ ). A small concentration change, however, is undesirable, as it tends to increase circulation losses. In an actual design, it becomes necessary to trade off a high temperature boost for a lower COP. The absorber/evaporator performance maps presented in this paper are a useful guide in selecting practical operational conditions that can be met without increasing the parasitic power requirements beyond reasonable limits.