gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Golden Ratio: The Attributes of Facial Attractiveness Learned By CNN (2019)

The recent success of deep learning has promoted the applications in facial attractiveness prediction and enhancement. However, what attributes have been learned to represent facial attractiveness is not well discovered yet. In this work, we find that DNN can learn both local and global shape-cues of face (Golden Ratio) that associate with facial attractiveness. This finding is concluded from a newly trained CNN model and an interpretation of visualizing activation of the category-specific neurons. The CNN model is trained on thousands extremely attractive/unattractive face images, and achieves an accuracy of 98.05%. The deconvolutional neural network generates face-like representations that depict the intuitive attributes of four face attractive categories. The results are consistent with the beauty ratios of facial attractiveness in psychological research.
A CD-gap-free contour extraction technique for OPC model calibration (2011)

Recently, optical proximity correction model calibration techniques that use SEM contours have enabled possibly significant improvements in complex mask design. However, compared to conventional CD-based calibration, contour-based calibration results in increased errors in 1D features. In fact, our research shows that there is a ~1-nm gap, which we call "CD-gap," between CD measurements directly calculated from a SEM image and CD measurements calculated from SEM contours. To achieve accurate calibration, SEM contours must match the corresponding CD measurements. We have developed a CD-gap-free contour extraction technique in response to this problem. In our technique, a mask edge is classified into shape structures and an optimized SEM contour extraction method is prepared for each shape structure to reduce the CD-gap. Experimental results show that the CD-gap can be decreased to sub-nm, which clearly demonstrates the potential of our proposed technique to play a vital role in the lithography process.
Superconductivity in the chalcogens up to multimegabar pressures (2002)

Highly sensitive magnetic-susceptibility techniques were used to measure the superconducting transition temperatures in S up to 231(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5) GPa. S transforms to a superconductor with ${T}_{c}$ of 10 K and has a discontinuity in ${T}_{c}$ dependence at 160 GPa corresponding to the bco to \ensuremath{\beta}-Po phase transition. Above this pressure, ${T}_{c}$ in S has a maximum reaching about 17.3(\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5) K at 200 GPa and then slowly decreases with pressure to 15 K at the highest pressures measured. This trend in the pressure dependence parallels the behavior of the heavier chalcogens Se and Te. Superconductivity in Se was observed from 15 to 25 GPa with ${T}_{c}$ changing from 4 to 6 K and above 150 GPa with ${T}_{c}$ of 8 K. Similarities in the ${T}_{c}$ dependences for S, Se, and Te, and implications for oxygen are discussed.
Application of Bismuth Nanoparticles for Textile Materials Protection Against Microwave Radiation (2015)

Synthesis of metal nanoparticles which consisted in chemical restoration of solution of bismuth nitrate is carried out. Optimum parameters of bismuth restoration to a zero-valent metal state and its drawing on fabric are developed. Parameters are calculated and the design of the equipment for impact on the metallized textile materials microwave ovens by radiation is developed for the operating laboratory semi-plant. Processing of samples of natural textile fabrics is carried out by bismuth nanoparticles and researches of distribution of nanoparticles in volume of fabric, forms of particles, their size, a way of fixing in volume of material are conducted. Impact on a sample was carried out by the microwave oven in the camera with a standing wave of modular conveyor installation. It is shown that the modified fabric subjected to radiation allows to lower a radiation dose. After the microwave influence strength properties of cellulose materials were defined. Fabrics were exposed to washings by domestic laundry powder after which such physicomechanical properties as change of the linear sizes after wet processings, the explosive and tearing apart loading, rigidity were defined at a bend, air permeability, hygroscopicity, electric resistance, coefficient of weakening of electromagnetic radiation. Material can be used in radio protective clothes with the strengthened partial protection which includes overalls, a helmet, gloves and boot covers made from the radio reflecting materials.
Tissue‐type‐specific transcriptome analysis identifies developing xylem‐specific promoters in poplar (2012)

Plant biotechnology offers a means to create novel phenotypes. However, commercial application of biotechnology in crop improvement programmes is severely hindered by the lack of utility promoters (or freedom to operate the existing ones) that can drive gene expression in a tissue-specific or temporally controlled manner. Woody biomass is gaining popularity as a source of fermentable sugars for liquid fuel production. To improve the quantity and quality of woody biomass, developing xylem (DX)-specific modification of the feedstock is highly desirable. To develop utility promoters that can drive transgene expression in a DX-specific manner, we used the Affymetrix Poplar Genome Arrays to obtain tissue-type-specific transcriptomes from poplar stems. Subsequent bioinformatics analysis identified 37 transcripts that are specifically or strongly expressed in DX cells of poplar. After further confirmation of their DX-specific expression using semi-quantitative PCR, we selected four genes (DX5, DX8, DX11 and DX15) for in vivo confirmation of their tissue-specific expression in transgenic poplars. The promoter regions of the selected DX genes were isolated and fused to a β-glucuronidase (GUS)-reported gene in a binary vector. This construct was used to produce transgenic poplars via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The GUS expression patterns of the resulting transgenic plants showed that these promoters were active in the xylem cells at early seedling growth and had strongest expression in the developing xylem cells at later growth stages of poplar. We conclude that these DX promoters can be used as a utility promoter for DX-specific biomass engineering.
A New Family of 2(3H)‐Thiazolone Azines as Precursors to Air‐Stable Radical Cations. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
ChemInform Abstract: NICHT‐PLANARE TRANS‐STILBENE MIT NEMATISCHER PHASE BEI RAUMTEMPERATUR (1971)

Abstract Die Stilbene (I) und (II) werden hinsichtlich ihres Schmelzverhaltens und der dabei auftretenden Phasen untersucht.
Quantitative, Functional Biomarkers of Stem Cell Differentiation in 3D Using Multi-modal Non-linear Imaging with Endogenous Contrast (2013)

Non-linear imaging methods offer unique opportunities to non-invasively characterize functional stem cell changes during differentiation over time. Thus, they could impact significantly upon the development of improved tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and drug testing platforms.
Targeting and Modulation of Liver Myeloid Immune Cells by Hard‐Shell Microbubbles (2018)

Poly <i>n</i>-butylcyanoacrylate (PBCA)-based hard-shell microbubbles (MB) have manifold biomedical applications, including targeted drug delivery or contrast agents for ultrasound (US)-based liver imaging. MB and their fragments accumulate in phagocytes, especially in the liver, but it is unclear if MB affect the function of these immune cells. We herein show that human primary monocytes internalize different PBCA-MB by phagocytosis, which transiently inhibits monocyte migration in vertical chemotaxis assays and renders monocytes susceptible to cytotoxic effects of MB during US-guided destruction. Conversely, human macrophage viability and function, including cytokine release and polarization, remain unaffected after MB uptake. After i.v. injection in mice, MB predominantly accumulate in liver, especially in hepatic phagocytes (monocytes and Kupffer cells). Despite efficiently targeting myeloid immune cells in liver, MB or MB after US-elicited burst do not cause overt hepatotoxicity or inflammation. Furthermore, MB application with or without US-guided burst does not aggravate the course of experimental liver injury in mice or the inflammatory response to liver injury <i>in vivo</i>. In conclusion, PBCA-MB have immunomodulatory effects on primary human myeloid cells <i>in vitro</i>, but do not provoke hepatotoxicity, inflammation or altered response to liver injury <i>in vivo</i>, suggesting the safety of these MB for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
GALLIDM-67 UPTAKE AS A MARKER OF RATES OF TUMOR GROWTH (1988)

Lentle, Brian C.; Theyer, Gerhard; Auersperg, Nellie; Lyster, Donald; Chaplin, David; Worth, Ann; LeRiche, Jean Author Information
Packet erasure coding with random access to reduce losses of delay sensitive multislot messages (2009)

Many commercial and military systems use some form of random access. ALOHA type protocols are particularly useful for multicast traffic and have low complexity; however, they suffer from low capacity and large loss probabilities. The inclusion of packet level erasure coding in single channel ALOHA protocols is a new area. This paper demonstrates a novel combination of a medium access layer tailored to and used with packet level erasure coding; this new protocol not only reduces message loss, but also decreases delays of multislot messages. It is shown how packet level erasure coding can be used with a tailored random access protocol to render multislot messages more robust against collisions. This resilience to collisions is shown to hold both when limited feedback and no feedback are available. Despite the increased utilization of the collision channel with the additional traffic produced by the erasure code, it is demonstrated to result in a significant decrease in the probability of loss of multislot and single slot messages. The tradeoffs between message loss probability and delays are shown for a range of medium access transmission designs used in conjunction with the erasure coding.
Estudo de toxicologia clínica de um produto crioterápico em voluntários saudáveis do sexo masculino (2012)

Gelomed® é uma emulsão congelada composta de salicilato de metila, cânfora e mentol com indicação para a terapia de processos inflamatórios, especialmente os determinados por traumatismos. A associação desses princípios ativos promove uma ação antiinflamatória tópica explicada por uma vasoconstrição inicial, seguida de resposta vasodilatadora reflexa. O desenho do estudo foi de um ensaio clínico não randomizado de modalidade de controle “bias” aberto. O projeto foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Ceará. Foram selecionados 25 voluntários saudáveis do sexo masculino, que receberam topicamente a aplicação de 50g de Gelomed® por 20min, duas vezes ao dia, durante 14 dias ininterruptos. Os voluntários foram incluídos no estudo somente quando considerados saudáveis após avaliação clínica, exame físico e exames laboratoriais que antecederam o estudo. As avaliações foram repetidas na 1ª e 2ª semanas e 7 dias após o fim da administração do medicamento. A formulação Gelomed® foi bem tolerada pelos voluntários, entretanto, eventos adversos foram relatados por 24% dos voluntários, somente dois desses eventos foram relacionados a formulação (prurido e dor no local da aplicação), todos de intensidade leve que cederam sem medicação adicional. Os exames clínicos, eletrocardiográficos e laboratoriais efetuados antes, durante e após o ensaio não evidenciaram sinais de toxicidade nos diversos órgãos e sistemas avaliados. O ensaio clínico de fase I confirmou segurança da formulação na amostra avaliada, permitindo que o produto possa ser empregado em populações maiores para determinação de sua eficácia terapêutica.
Biological significance of the enantiomeric purity of drugs (1993)

The knowledge that enantiomers of chiral compounds may differ widely in biological activity, qualitatively as well as quantitatively, is not new. Nevertheless most of the pharmacological data available to date on chiral drugs are obtained from experiments with racemates which assume that the biological activity generally resides in one of the enantiomers. With the advancements made in stereospecific synthesis and stereoselective analysis of drugs pharmacologists are now offered new possibilities to explore the steric aspects of drug action. This survey will discuss pharmacological data obtained with enantiomer pairs of phenylethylamine derivatives which interact with adrenergic mechanisms. The degree of resolution is seldom specified in published work on stereoselectivity of drugs. In a recent study from our laboratory the enantiomers of the beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist formoterol and their diastereomers have been evaluated. We found that the (R;R)-enantiomer was by far the most potent. However, the relative potencies obtained for the (R;S)-, (S;R), and (S;S)-isomers were critically dependent on the degree of enantiomeric purity. It is concluded that the certainty of potency ratios observed for chiral drugs is limited by the enantiomeric purity and by unspecific effects of the least active enantiomer at very high concentrations.
Amplifying and Fine-Tuning Rsm sRNAs Expression and Stability to Optimize the Survival of Pseudomonas brassicacerum in Nutrient-Poor Environments (2021)

In the beneficial plant root-associated Pseudomonas brassicacearum strain NFM421, the GacS/GacA two-component system positively controls biofilm formation and the production of secondary metabolites through the synthesis of rsmX, rsmY and rsmZ. Here, we evidenced the genetic amplification of Rsm sRNAs by the discovery of a novel 110-nt long sRNA encoding gene, rsmX-2, generated by the duplication of rsmX-1 (formerly rsmX). Like the others rsm genes, its overexpression overrides the gacA mutation. We explored the expression and the stability of rsmX-1, rsmX-2, rsmY and rsmZ encoding genes under rich or nutrient-poor conditions, and showed that their amount is fine-tuned at the transcriptional and more interestingly at the post-transcriptional level. Unlike rsmY and rsmZ, we noticed that the expression of rsmX-1 and rsmX-2 genes was exclusively GacA-dependent. The highest expression level and longest half-life for each sRNA were correlated with the highest ppGpp and cyclic-di-GMP levels and were recorded under nutrient-poor conditions. Together, these data support the view that the Rsm system in P. brassicacearum is likely linked to the stringent response, and seems to be required for bacterial adaptation to nutritional stress.
Human hematopoietic signal peptide-containing secreted 1 (hHSS1) modulates genes and pathways in glioma: implications for the regulation of tumorigenicity and angiogenesis (2014)

hHSS1-overexpression modulates signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis. hHSS1 inhibits glioma-induced cell cycle progression, cell migration, invasion and angiogenesis. Our data suggest that hHSS1 is a potential therapeutic for malignant glioblastoma possessing significant antitumor and anti-angiogenic activity.
Gait analysis of normal subjects by using force sensor and six inertial sensor with wireless module (2016)

Gait motion is strongly relating with human health. Therefore, it is important to analyze the gait motion. This study aims to develop a system to measure sole pressure, acceleration and angular velocity in gait motion. Then the system can measure the parameters by using seven force sensors and six-axis inertial sensor for each sole. The experiment was performed with three normal subjects by using the proposed system. An analysis method consists of three steps. The first step specifies gait cycle from the value of the acceleration. The second step calculates the excursion of ankle joint by integrating the angular velocity. The third step specifies foremost and hindmost points of gravity center in gait cycle from the seven force sensors and calculates anteroposterior distance of gravity centers. The target parameters were excursion of ankle joint and anteroposterior distance of gravity centers. In the experiment, stride lengths of the subjects were three patterns of 10 cm, 50 cm, and 100 cm. There was a tendency that the ankle excursion was small when the stride was small.
The Clinical Utility of Serologic Markers in the Evaluation of the Acute Scrotum (2000)

This preliminary investigation of serologic markers demonstrates that IL-6 is significantly elevated in epididymitis as compared with TT. Creatine phosphokinase-MM and IL-1 were not found to be of diagnostic utility. The small sample size of this study precludes a definitive conclusion as to the utility of these markers in the emergency department. However, IL-6 may be clinically useful as an additional element in differentiating the causes of acute scrotal pain, and further study is warranted.
Plasmapheresis in a patient with severe asthma associated with auto‐antibodies to platelets (1990)

Although the pathogenesis of aspirin-sensitive asthma remains to be specified, it is known that in the presence of acetylsalicylic acid or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, platelets from aspirin-sensitive asthmatics have been described as generating cytocidal mediators that killed parasite targets such as Schistosoma mansoni larvae. Here we report, in a patient with corticosteroid-dependent asthma associated with aspirin sensitivity, the presence of circulating IgE antibodies against 55 kD and 68 kD platelet antigens. In addition, the serum from this patient was shown to contain a factor able to trigger the release of cytocidal mediators from his platelets as well as from normal individual platelets. This platelet stimulatory activity was presumably supported by IgE antibodies or immune complexes. After informed consent the patient was submitted to plasma exchanges. Plasma removal induced clinical improvement, anti-platelet antibody decrease, and the reduction of the platelet stimulatory activity. All clinical symptoms disappeared within 2 weeks. The disease remained quiescent for 2 months, and daily requirements for prednisone (20-5 mg), and beta-agonist (10-16 to 0-1 inhalations) could be kept at a low level follow-up. The plasma exchanges were delayed by 3 mg kg-1 azathioprine with the maintenance of clinical improvement. A relapse occurred after the arrest of immunosuppressive therapy with the reappearance of both asthma attacks and anti-platelet antibodies, as well as the increase of the platelet stimulatory activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Etude expérimentale et numérique des modes de déformation d'un explosif comprimé (2013)

Safety of industrial or military explosives is a major focus to prevent inadvertent ignition due to accidental loading as, for example, low-velocity impact. Our aim is to understand the dissipative mechanisms at work which could heat a pressed HMX-based PBX. A test based on the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bars system is proposed to carry out a dynamic triaxial compression test. This test simultaneously associates a high strain rate and a high pressure. Data have shown almost the same friction angle as during quasi-static experiments, but a higher cohesive stress. Then, A reversed edge-on impact test has been developed. This experiment enables the real-time observation of the deformation mechanisms at the microstructural scale. No relative displacement is observed between the biggest HMX grains and the matrix made of the smallest grains, the binder and the porosity. Plasticity has been observed into some HMX grains as well as damage by microcracking. Meanwhile, a biphasic (HMX grains and matrix) numerical representation of the material microstructure has been considered. A comparison between experimental observations and simulations is used to determine the yield stress of HMX. The behavior of the matrix has been determined to account for the influence of the strain rate and of the damage. Lastly, a comparison between tests and simulations has highlighted (1) that heating should rather be located in the matrix than in the biggest HMX grains and (2) that the most likely heating mechanism is the friction of microcracks lips.
Dehydrogenation Reactions during Atomic Layer Deposition of Ru Using O2 (2012)

The surface reactions during the atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Ru using an organometallic precursor [CpRu(CO)2Et] and O2 gas were studied using quadrupole mass spectrometry. The analysis of the gas phase species showed that the surface chemisorption of CpRu(CO)2Et resulted in the formation of combustion products such as CO2, CO, and H2O. Additionally, H2 was detected as a major surface reaction product during the metal pulse. Strikingly, during the O2 pulse virtually no H2O or other H-containing reaction products were measured. The key conclusion of these observations is that dehydrogenation reactions occur on the Ru surface, resulting in the release of a large fraction of the precursor’s hydrogen, predominantly in the form of H2. On the basis of the catalysis literature, we infer that dehydrogenation reactions can also occur during other noble metal ALD processes.
A Computationally Efficient Formal Optimization of Regional Myocardial Contractility in a Sheep With Left Ventricular Aneurysm (2009)

A non-invasive method for estimating regional myocardial contractility in vivo would be of great value in the design and evaluation of new surgical and medical strategies to treat and/or prevent infarction-induced heart failure. As a first step towards developing such a method, an explicit finite element (FE) model-based formal optimization of regional myocardial contractility in a sheep with left ventricular (LV) aneurysm was performed using tagged magnetic resonance (MR) images and cardiac catheterization pressures. From the tagged MR images, 3-dimensional (3D) myocardial strains, LV volumes and geometry for the animal-specific 3D FE model of the LV were calculated, while the LV pressures provided physiological loading conditions. Active material parameters (T(max_B) and T(max_R)) in the non-infarcted myocardium adjacent to the aneurysm (borderzone) and in myocardium remote from the aneurysm were estimated by minimizing the errors between FE model-predicted and measured systolic strains and LV volumes using the successive response surface method for optimization. The significant depression in optimized T(max_B) relative to T(max_R) was confirmed by direct ex vivo force measurements from skinned fiber preparations. The optimized values of T(max_B) and T(max_R) were not overly sensitive to the passive material parameters specified. The computation time of less than 5 hours associated with our proposed method for estimating regional myocardial contractility in vivo makes it a potentially very useful clinical tool.
Discriminative language modeling for speech recognition with relevance information (2011)

Discriminative language modeling (DLM) attempts to improve speech recognition performance by reranking the recognition hypotheses output from a baseline system. Most of the existing DLM methods assume that the reranking task can be treated as a linear discrimination problem and all testing utterances share the same parameter vector for reranking of hypotheses. However, the latter assumption sometimes results in a trained DLM model with weak generalizability and unsatisfactory performance. In view of this problem, we hence propose a relevance-based DLM (RDLM) framework that can efficiently infer the DLM model parameters of each testing utterance on-the-fly for better recognition performance. The structures and characteristics of the RDLM framework are extensively investigated, while the performance is thoroughly analyzed and verified by comparison with the existing DLM methods.