gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 387: Role of STAT3 in Collagen Deposition and Organization in the Normal and Hypertensive Heart (2013)

Hypertension causes concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle that may progress to systolic heart failure by means not defined. We reported that mice with a S727A reduced function mutation in STAT3 have reduced systolic function with angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertension and foci of fibrotic collagen in the myocardium as occurs in hypertensive heart disease. We applied image analysis of relative density (IOD/A) and fractal dimension (D) to quantify foci. Hypertension in WT mice did not affect % area and relative density, but D values decreased (P&lt;0.001) suggesting tighter packing of fibrotic collagen stiffening the myocardium. SA/SA+saline hearts showed significant increases in fibrotic collagen (P=0.025) and density (P&lt;0.001) vs. WT hearts. D values indicate an increase (P=0.002) in chaos of collagen matrix. In SA/SA mice Ang II caused remodeling of myocardial collagen with loss of myocytes within fibrotic foci. Hypertension in SA/SA hearts induced further increase (P&lt;0.001) in collagen, while the relative density was significantly less (P=0.015) than the SA/SA+saline group but greater than WT+saline and WT+Ang II groups. The decrease in collagen density was associated with a large (P&lt;0.001) increase in D values, indicating collagen in fibrotic foci was highly disorganized and more space filling. Loss of myocytes and their replacement by chaotic and randomly organized collagen may further weaken the myocardium leading to systolic heart failure. Our results show that STAT3 is essential in normal regulation and organization of the collagen matrix in the heart. Suppression of STAT3 results in fibrotic lesions in the myocardium that are exacerbated by hypertension.
6-Hydroxy Derivative as New Desfluoroquinolone (DFQ): Synthesis and DNA-Binding Study (2000)

A new 6-desfluoroquinolone derivative, characterized by the presence of a 6-hydroxyl group instead of the usual fluorine atom at the C-6 position, was synthesized with the aim to better understand the mechanistic role of the C-6 substituent in the quinolone/DNA/DNA-gyrase interaction. The antibacterial activity unambiguously shows that the hydroxyl group is a good substitute for the C-6 fluorine atom, especially against Gram-positive bacteria. On the contrary, it is a very weak inhibitor of the target DNA gyrase, displaying the highest IC50 value observed for all the C-6 substituted analogues. This behaviour could be explained on the basis of its DNA binding properties.
Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis in children younger than 5 years. (1994)

We report on a prospective study of 152 children aged 3 months to 5 years, from a community pediatric clinic, who had signs of pharyngitis, temperature > or = 38 degrees C and were not treated by antibiotics during the preceeding week. Nose and throat cultures were taken from each child. Blood antistreptolysin (ASO) was examined. If the cultures were positive for group A beta hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS), a second blood sample for ASO was obtained later. True streptococcal infection was defined in a case of a positive culture and an increase in the ASO titer of at least two tubes, while cases of positive cultures without significant changes in ASO titer were defined as carriers. Positive GABHS cultures were found in 23 cases. True group A Streptococcus infection was found only in patients > 2 years old. The carriers of GABHS increased gradually from 3% during the 1st year to 22% by the 5th year. This study demonstrated that in the population evaluated, the incidence of true GABHS infection in children < 2 years of age is low, as was observed in the past.
The Basis of Wind Chill (1995)

The practical success of the wind chill index has often been vaguely attributed to the effect of wind on heat transfer from bare skin, usually the face. To test this theory, facial heat loss and the wind chill index were compared. The effects of wind speed on heat transfer from a thermal model of a head was investigated in a wind tunnel. When the thermal model was facing the wind, wind speed affected the heat transfer from its face in much the same manner as it would affect the heat transfer from a small cylinder, such as that used in the original wind chill experiments carried out in Antarctica fifty years ago. A mathematical model of heat transfer from the face was developed and compared to other models of wind chill. Skin temperatures calculated from the model were consistent with observations of frostbite and discomfort at a range of wind speeds and temperatures. The wind chill index was shown to be several times larger than the calculated heat transfer, but roughly proportional to it. Wind chill equivalent temperatures were recalculated on the basis of facial cooling. An equivalent temperature increment was derived to account for the effect of bright sunshine.Key words: bioclimatology, cold injuries, cold weather, convective heat transfer, face cooling, frostbite, heat loss, survival, wind chill
Spectral broadening of a single Ce3+-doped garnet by chemical unit cosubstitution for near ultraviolet LED (2018)

In this paper, the isostructural Mg3Al2Si3O12 was introduced into the Ce3+-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Y3Al5O12) for synthesizing (Y1-xMgx)3Al2(Al1-xSix)3O12:Ce3+ (x = 0-0.6) solid solution phosphors. The co-substitution of the (Mg, Si)6+ pair for the (Y, Al)6+ pair leads to lattice shrinkage and then changes the spectral shape and width. The band peaking at ~450 nm shows a substantial broadening with the full width at half maximum increasing from 65 nm to 94 nm. The intensity of excitation spectrum (x = 0.5) at 400 nm is increased by 50% than that (x = 0). The near ultraviolet LED was fabricated with Y1.5Mg1.5Al3.5Si1.5O12:Ce3+ phosphors and a 400 nm chip and can emit strong white light. Therefore, by controlling the content of (Y, Al)6+ substituted by (Mg, Si)6+, the excitation spectrum of Ce3+-doped Y3Al5O12 can be tuned and applied for the near ultraviolet LEDs.
[Drug resistance of Plasmodium falciparum in Burundi]. (1985)

Avec la dose unique de chloroquine (10 mg base 1 kg) 44% des ecoliers impaludes examines etaient positifs au jour 7 et 74% au jour 15 apres le traitement. La sensibilite in vitro de P.f. a l'amodiaquine etant relativement bonne, ce medicament avait paru pouvoir remplacer avantageusement la chloroquine a la dose standard. Des etudes ulterieures ont cependant montre qu'il existait un risque d'extension rapide de la resistance a cette amino-4-quinoleine
Influence of external forces (pressure and shear force) on superficial layer and subcutis of porcine skin and effects of dressing materials: Are dressing materials beneficial for reducing pressure and shear force in tissues? (2007)

The purpose of this study was to measure the impact of external shear force and pressure on a superficial layer of skin and subcutaneous layer with an underlying bony prominence, and also to verify how the influence of these external forces can be reduced after dressings are applied. For this purpose, an experimental model was prepared, consisting of porcine skin and a Predia sensor capable of measuring pressure and shear force simultaneously. External force was applied to the skin model using a 1 kg weight consisting of metal beads. As a result, the control of the shear force value in the subcutaneous layer became approximately 35% smaller than the control in the superficial layer. The shear forces present in the subcutaneous layer were significantly reduced to within 31-45% when compared with the control values, depending on the dressing applied. Regarding the maximum pressures in the subcutaneous layer, the pressure measured following movement was 2.4 times higher in the control than the static pressure and they were also 1.3-1.8 times higher than the static pressure in all instances with the dressing tested. All the dressing materials tested proved to be effective in reducing pressure in the subcutaneous layer compared with the control. Film dressings and hydrocolloid dressings were more effective than hydropolymer and hydrocellular dressings. From the above results, we conclude that efforts made to reduce shear force and pressure may be clinically important.
The role of the Ah locus in hexachlorobenzene-induced porphyria. Studies in congenic C57BL/6J mice (1988)

The role of the Ah locus in hexachlorobenzene (HCB)-induced porphyria and the possible involvement of P-450 cytochromes P(1)450 and P(3)450 in the pathogenesis of this disease were investigated in two congenic strains of C57BL/6J mice that differ only at this locus. Female B6-Ahb mice (Ah receptor: approximately 30-70 fmol/mg of cytosolic protein) and B6-Ahd mice (Ah receptor: undetectable) were pretreated with iron (500 mg/kg) and then fed a diet containing 0 or 200 p.p.m. of HCB for up to 17 weeks. Mice from the two strains consumed similar amounts of HCB. Urinary excretion of porphyrins was increased after 7 weeks of HCB treatment in B6-Ahb mice, and after 15 weeks was over 200 times greater than that of mice given iron only. In B6-Ahd mice, porphyrin excretion did not begin to increase until after 13 weeks, and after 15 weeks was only six times greater than that of controls. Similar differences were seen in the 15-week hepatic porphyrin concentrations (B6-Ahb: 1110 +/- 393; B6-Ahd: 17.6 +/- 14.5; controls: approximately 0.20 nmol/g). Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.37) activity was diminished by 70 and 20% in B6-Ahb B6-Ahd mice respectively after 15 weeks of treatment with HCB. Cytochromes P(1)450 and P(3)450 were measured in hepatic microsomes (microsomal fractions) by radioimmunoassay and immunoblotting, using antisera raised against the orthologous rat isoenzymes P450c and P450d. HCB induced small amounts of a protein recognized by anti-P450c (P(1)450) in B6-Ahd mice, but not in B6-Ahd mice. Relatively large amounts of a protein recognized by anti-P450d (P(3)450) were induced in both strains, but to a somewhat greater extent in the B6-Ahb mice. The hepatic accumulation of HCB at 15 weeks was greater in B6-Ahb than in B6-Ahd mice, in association with elevated hepatic lipid levels in the former strain. The results of this experiment indicate that the Ah locus influences the susceptibility of C57BL/6J mice to HCB-induced porphyria and are consistent with the suggestion that the sustained induction of P(3)450 and/or P(1)450 may be a causative factor in the development of this disease.
Laser monitoring of chest wall displacement (1997)

We developed a prototype laser monitor, consisting of a single laser sensor, to observe chest wall displacement during respiration. With this monitor, respiratory waveforms are expressed as an anterioposterior motion of the chest wall. The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics and performance of this prototype. Performance was assessed: 1) under static conditions; 2) using a lung model ventilated in both conventional and high frequency oscillation (HFOV) modes; and 3) during spontaneous breathing in normal adults. In vitro, the monitor performed well both under static conditions and during mechanical ventilation. Reliable "respiratory" wave forms, with no frequency-dependent change in the relationship between displacement and volume, were produced during both conventional ventilation and HFOV at 15 Hz. In vivo, abdominal displacement, measured in the midline, was linearly correlated with the tidal volume signal integrated from flow. The waveforms produced by the monitor were adequate for monitoring respiration and for calculating respiratory timing variables. While a single laser sensor is unlikely to be sufficient for monitoring respiration in spontaneously breathing subjects, the performance of the prototype monitor was sufficiently impressive to encourage further development and further study of this type of truly noninvasive respiratory monitor.
The Protective Effect of Beta-Carotene and Retinol on Ventilatory Function in an Asbestos-Exposed Cohort (1997)

The association between serum beta-carotene or retinol concentration and level of ventilatory function was investigated in a population of asbestos-exposed men with a high rate of current and former cigarette smoking. The study population consisted of 816 subjects enrolled in the pilot component of the Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET), a placebo-controlled trial of supplemental beta-carotene and retinyl palmitate for the chemoprevention of lung cancer. Data available for analysis included baseline questionnaire, spirometry, chest X-ray, food frequency questionnaire, and serum beta-carotene and retinol concentrations. Serum beta-carotene concentration was associated with FEV1 (p < 0.05) and FVC (p < 0.05), with an approximately 100-ml increase over predicted values associated with raising the serum concentration from the 25th to the 75th percentile of the distribution in the study population (absolute difference = 155 ng/ml), even after adjustment for the confounding effects of asbestos exposure and cigarette smoking. Raising the serum retinol concentration from the 25th to the 75th percentile (absolute difference = 211 ng/ml) was associated with an approximately 70 ml increase in FVC (p < 0.05) over the predicted value. These results provide support for the hypothesis that beta-carotene and retinol have a protective effect on loss of ventilatory function.
BRAIN-STEM AUDITORY-EVOKED POTENTIALS RECORDED DIRECTLY FROM HUMAN BRAIN-STEM AND THALAMUS (1981)

Brain-stem auditory-evoked potentials were recorded in neurosurgical patients from surface electrodes applied to the VIIIth nerve, medulla, pons, midbrain and cortex; from depth electrodes in the thalamus; and from a movable electrode in the IVth, IIIrd, and lateral ventricles. The potentials recordable over the scalp within 10 ms after click stimulation are characterized by a slow positive wave (peaking at 5 to 6 ms) and a negative wave (8 to 10 ms) with 7 small positive wavelets superimposed upon them. The sources of these components have been identified by observing their increased amplitude in depth recordings, and by tracing the potentials from their intracranial maxima to the scalp. Wave I is generated within the most distal portion of the VIII nerve; Wave V in the midbrain (inferior colliculus); and Wave VI the medial geniculate body. Both low positive and negative components have their origins in the inferior colliculus. Intracranially-recorded brain-stem auditory-evoked potential showed very rapid changes in amplitude within the brain-stem but only slight changes in the more rostral regions, although their amplitude gradients varied in the different components. They also demonstrated minor but systematic shifts in latency with distance from the potential sources, reflecting a significant overlap of separate potentials. This effect must be taken into account in the interpretation of a 'concurrent' intracranial potential as the source of a far-field surface-recorded potential.
Introduction: The Problem to be Solved (2012)

In practice, a function of interest is only given pointwise, that is, there exists a point grid $$\{{x{}_{j}\}}_{j=1,\ldots, G}$$ where $$\{F{({x}_{j})\}}_{j=1,\ldots, G}$$ is known.
Effects of the bias enhanced nucleation hot-filament chemical-vapor deposition parameters on diamond nucleation on iridium (2005)

The effects of the bias current density and the filament-to-substrate distance on the nucleation of diamond on iridium buffer layers were investigated in a hot-filament chemical-vapor deposition (HFCVD) reactor. The nucleation density increased by several orders of magnitude with the raise of the bias current density. According to high-resolution field-emission gun scanning electron microscopy observation, diamond nuclei formed during bias-enhanced nucleation (BEN) did not show any preferred oriented growth. Moreover, the first-nearest-neighbor distance distribution was consistent with a random nucleation mechanism. This occurrence suggested that the diffusion of carbon species at the substrate surface was not the predominant mechanism taking place during BEN in the HFCVD process. This fact was attributed to the formation of a graphitic layer prior to diamond nucleation. We also observed that the reduction of the filament sample distance during BEN was helpful for diamond growth. This nucleation behavior was different from the one previously reported in the case of BEN-microwave chemical-vapor deposition experiments on iridium and has been tentatively explained by taking into account the specific properties and limitations of the HFCVD technique.
El órgano en la Argentina : época colonial y siglo XIX (1982)

En lo que es actualmente el territorio argentino, se puede decir que el órgano entró junto con la conquista. Al fundar ciudades, los españoles se preocupaban en seguida por levantar la iglesia y no se concebía la iglesia sin el órgano. Según Francisco Curt Lange, existía un "desmedido deseo" de poseer un órgano en iglesias y conventos. No ha quedado ningún órgano anterior al siglo XVIII; pero tenemos datos de que los había, traídos de Europa, y que pronto se empezaron a construir. El Padre Angulo, jesuíta, cuenta que en 1585, en Santiago del Estero, en una recepción oficial, "al entrar en la iglesia tocaron las campanas y el órgano". Sabemos que en 1607 había un órgano en la iglesia de San Francisco, en Córdoba. En el auto de creación de la primera Catedral de Buenos Aires, siendo obispo Mons. Carranza, dice: "Instituíamos un oficio de organista, el cual tocará el órgano todos los días de fiesta y sus Vísperas y siempre que sea necesario y por el Cabildo le fuera ordenado y tocará el órgano todas las veces que el Prelado entre en la Iglesia, conforme lo dispone el ceremonial". Se sabe que en 1620 había en la Catedral de Buenos Aires un órgano donado por el obispo Carranza. Es decir, que los datos que nos han llegado nos demuestran que desde el comienzo de la colonia había una cantidad considerable de órqanos en iglesias y conventos...
Motion Performance Measurement using the Microsoft Kinect Sensor (2013)

In this study, motion performance indices based on the kinematics of upper body have been presented and compared to be used in a home-based rehabilitation device. Microsoft Kinect sensor is used to extract and calculate such indices. A set of experiments has been designed and carried out in which, kinematic data of three patients has been recorded. Finally, the selected indices have been calculated, and the results were compared with those of a healthy subject.
Discovery of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Interacting Kinase 1 Inhibitors by a Comprehensive Fragment-Oriented Virtual Screening Approach (2010)

Mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting kinases 1 and 2 (MNK1 and MNK2) phosphorylate the oncogene eIF4E on serine 209. This phosphorylation has been reported to be required for its oncogenic activity. To investigate if pharmacological inhibition of MNK1 could be useful for the treatment of cancers, we pursued a comprehensive virtual screening approach to rapidly identify pharmacological tools for target validation and to find optimal starting points for a plausible medicinal chemistry project. A collection of 1236 compounds, selected from a library of 42 168 compounds and a database of 18.8 million structures, were assayed. Of the identified hits, 26 were found to have IC(50) values less than 10 μM (2.10% hit rate). The most potent compound had an IC(50) value of 117 nM, and 73.1% of these hits were fragments. The hits were characterized by a high ligand efficiency (0.32-0.52 kcal/mol per heavy atom). Ten different chemical scaffolds were represented, giving a chemotype/hit ratio of 0.38.
Lilliput meets brobdingnagian: Data center systems management through mobile devices (2013)

In this paper, we put forward the notion that systems management for large masses of virtual machines in data centers is going to be done differently in the short to medium term future-through smart phones and through controlled crowdsourcing to a variety of experts within an organization, rather than dedicated system administrators alone. We lay out the research and practitioner challenges this model raises and give some preliminary solution directions that are being developed, here at IBM and elsewhere.
Xwnt-8b: a maternally expressed Xenopus Wnt gene with a potential role in establishing the dorsoventral axis (1995)

In amphibian embryos, establishment of dorsal-ventral asymmetry is believed to involve dorsal-ventral differences in vegetally derived mesoderm-inducing signals and/or differences in the competence of animal hemisphere (ectodermal) cells to respond to these signals. Previous studies have shown that certain Wnt proteins can generate an ectopic dorsal axis when misexpressed, and that they do so by modifying the response of ectodermal cells to inducers. None of these Wnt proteins are expressed at an appropriate time to do so in vivo. In this study, we describe the isolation and characterization of a full length cDNA for the Xenopus Wnt gene, Xwnt-8b, whose biological activity and expression pattern suggest that it may be involved in establishment of the dorsoventral axis. Both maternal and zygotic Xwnt-8b transcripts undergo alternative splicing to generate mRNAs which encode two different forms of Xwnt-8b protein. During early cleavage stages Xwnt-8b transcripts are confined primarily to animal hemisphere blastomeres, while zygotically derived Xwnt-8b transcripts are restricted almost exclusively to a band of cells in the prospective forebrain of neurula and tailbud stage embryos. Ectopically expressed Xwnt-8b can completely rescue dorsal development of embryos ventralized by exposure to ultraviolet light, and can induce a complete secondary axis in wild-type embryos. Axis induction is observed only if Xwnt-8b is supplied prior to the onset of zygotic gene transcription. This biological activity, together with the presence of maternal Xwnt-8b transcripts in cells that will be induced to form the dorsal mesoderm, is consistent with the possibility that Xwnt-8b may be the endogenous agent that establishes asymmetry in the response of ectodermal cells to mesoderm-inducing signals, thereby initiating dorsal development.
Clinical outcome after left ventricular surgical remodeling in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy referred for heart transplantation: short-term results. (1997)

The left ventricular partial ventriculectomy may improve the left and right ventricular function, functional class, and cardiac output. These initial results were associated to high prevalence of sustained ventricular tachycardia. The ventriculectomy introduces the concept that reduction of left ventricular chamber diameter may improve cardiac function in heart failure. Further progress is necessary to improve the results and evaluate its proper role in the management of heart failure.
High-resolution silicon photonics focused ultrasound transducer with a sub-millimeter aperture (2023)

We present an all-optical focused ultrasound transducer with a sub-millimeter aperture and demonstrate its capability for high-resolution imaging of tissue ex vivo. The transducer is composed of a wideband silicon photonics ultrasound detector and a miniature acoustic lens coated with a thin optically absorbing metallic layer used to produce laser-generated ultrasound. The demonstrated device achieves axial resolution and lateral resolutions of 12 μm and 60 μm, respectively, well below typical values achieved by conventional piezoelectric intravascular ultrasound. The size and resolution of the developed transducer may enable its use for intravascular imaging of thin fibrous cap atheroma.