gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Asphaltene Precipitation from Crude Oils : How to Predict it and to Anticipate Treatment? (2013)

Abstract The prediction of asphaltene precipitation is an important topic in petroleum industry. Reliable evaluation of the asphaltene stability requires representative samples and measurement using special high pressure equipment. Moreover, development project may involve many reservoirs with many different fluids. Even inside of a connected reservoir, the quality of the oil and the asphaltene can vary through a large scale and the investigation of each fluid in the representative conditions become very expensive and often impossible. Many fast screening methods have been proposed so far. The De Boer’s diagram is one of the most useful methods. However, it takes into account only the properties of the hydrocarbon phase without any investigation on the asphaltene fraction : this method gives always pessimistic prediction of the risk of asphaltene precipitation. Other methods, colloidal instability index for example, are not consistent enough to be used for flow assurance issue. Based on some relevant solubility properties of the asphaltene fractions, a new and easy way for screening asphaltene instability is proposed. Using PVT properties of the live oil and an easy asphaltene characterization procedure, this method allow limiting advanced investigation only to fluids which present a real risk of precipitation. The asphaltene characterization can be performed on dead oil samples. If a precipitation risk is stated, additional tests, performed on pressurized representative samples or taking into account reorganization of asphaltenes from different fluids, will help to define the severity of the risk. For mitigation, a test set-up has been developed: it allows evaluating the efficiency of chemical additives to prevent plugging under flow conditions of fluids above the asphaltene precipitation threshold. Depending on the crude oil, the severity of the precipitation conditions, and the nature of the additive, the blocking of the capillary tube can be delayed or prevented.
Cover Feature: Mechanistic Insights into the Self‐Assembly of an Acid‐Sensitive Photoresponsive Supramolecular Polymer (Chem. Eur. J. 39/2019) (2019)

Insights into the supramolecular polymerisation mechanism of an acid-sensitive photoresponsive gelator (L1) are reported in this work. Addition of trifluoacetic acid (TFA) leads to the transformation of the anti-parallel H-bonded fibrillar assembly of L1 into unique superhelical braid-like fibers stabilized by H-bonding of parallel stacked L1:TFA dimers. Light irradiation causes the disassembly of the superhelical fibres and their reconstruction into thin fibres via a different pathway associated with a rapid cis–trans isomerisation under isothermal conditions. More information can be found in the Full Paper by G. Fernández et al. on page 9230.
ALFRED: A Benchmark for Interpreting Grounded Instructions for Everyday Tasks (2020)

We present ALFRED (Action Learning From Realistic Environments and Directives), a benchmark for learning a mapping from natural language instructions and egocentric vision to sequences of actions for household tasks. ALFRED includes long, compositional tasks with non-reversible state changes to shrink the gap between research benchmarks and real-world applications. ALFRED consists of expert demonstrations in interactive visual environments for 25k natural language directives. These directives contain both high-level goals like “Rinse off a mug and place it in the coffee maker.” and low-level language instructions like “Walk to the coffee maker on the right.” ALFRED tasks are more complex in terms of sequence length, action space, and language than existing vision- and-language task datasets. We show that a baseline model based on recent embodied vision-and-language tasks performs poorly on ALFRED, suggesting that there is significant room for developing innovative grounded visual language understanding models with this benchmark.
REACTIVE PROCESSING OF PHASE OBJECTS (1966)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation R. V. Pole, H. Wieder, R. A. Myers; REACTIVE PROCESSING OF PHASE OBJECTS. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1 May 1966; 8 (9): 229–231. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1754569 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioApplied Physics Letters Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Estudio de las bacteriemias en el Servicio de Medicina Interna de un hospital de grupo 2: Análisis de los tres últimos años (2005)

A high incidence of bacteremia episodes is noteworthy, as compared with series from other centers. The percentage of episodes due to Staphylococcus coagulase-negative was significant, as it is the rule in recent years; thus, a thoroughly assessment of potential contaminants, as well as staff training in extraction techniques becomes necessary.
Diphenyl phosphorazidate (DPPA) and diethyl phosphorocyanidate (DEPC). Two new reagents for solid-phase peptide synthesis and their application to the synthesis of porcine motilin (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiphenyl phosphorazidate (DPPA) and diethyl phosphorocyanidate (DEPC). Two new reagents for solid-phase peptide synthesis and their application to the synthesis of porcine motilinShunichi Yamada, Nobuo Ikota, Takayuki Shioiri, and Shinro TachibanaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 24, 7174–7175Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00857a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00857a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views702Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Intestinal Anion Exchanger Down-regulated in Adenoma (DRA) Is Inhibited by Intracellular Calcium (2009)

The Na/H exchanger 3 (NHE3) and the Cl/HCO(3) exchanger down-regulated in adenoma (DRA) together facilitate intestinal electroneutral NaCl absorption. Elevated Ca(2+)(i) inhibits NHE3 through mechanisms involving the PDZ domain proteins NHE3 kinase A regulatory protein (E3KARP) or PDZ kidney 1 (PDZK1). DRA also possesses a PDZ-binding motif, but the roles of interactions with E3KARP or PDZK1 and Ca(2+)(i) in DRA regulation are unknown. Wild type DRA and a mutant lacking the PDZ interaction motif (DRA-ETKFminus) were expressed constitutively in human embryonic kidney (HEK) and inducibly in Caco-2/BBE cells. DRA-mediated Cl/HCO(3) exchange was measured as intracellular pH changes. Ca(2+)(i) was assessed fluorometrically. DRA was induced 8-16-fold and was delivered to the apical surface of polarized Caco-2 cells. Putative anion transporter 1 and cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator did not contribute to Cl/HCO(3) exchange in transfected Caco-2 cells. The calcium ionophore 4Br-A23187 inhibited DRA and DRA-ETKFminus in HEK cells, but only full-length DRA was inhibited in Caco-2 cells. In contrast, 100 microm UTP, which increased Ca(2+)(i), inhibited full-length DRA but not DRA-ETKFminus in Caco-2 and HEK cells. In HEK cells, which express little PDZK1, additional transfection of PDZK1 was required for UTP to inhibit DRA. As HEK cells do not express cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator or NHE3, the data indicate that Ca(2+)(i)-dependent DRA inhibition is not because of modulation of other transport activities. In polarized epithelium, this inhibition requires interaction of DRA with PDZK1. Together with data from PDZK1(-/-) mice, these data underscore the prominent role of PDZK1 in Ca(2+)(i)-mediated inhibition of colonic NaCl absorption.
InP/InGaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors with regrown emitters (2002)

InP/InGaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) with regrown emitters for high-speed, low-power ICs have been fabricated with a newly developed structure. This is the first report of HBTs with regrown emitters as small as 2.5 /spl mu/m/spl times/2.5 /spl mu/m, small enough to be used in high-speed ICs, in this material system. Current gain of 24 was obtained with a 3.5 /spl mu/m/spl times/3.5 /spl mu/m emitter HBT. Short-range reliability of the regrown emitter HBTs was investigated for the first time. No degradation was observed in the current-voltage characteristics for 5000 sec under a collector current density as high as 1/spl times/10/sup 5/ A/cm/sup 2/.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
iscoverin roeedural Executio (1994)

Executing production system programs involves directly or indirectly executing an interpretive match/select/act cycle. An optimal compilation of a production system program would generate code that requires no appeal to an interpreter to mediate control. However, while a great deal of implicit control information is available in rule-based programs, it is generally impossible to avoid deferring some decisions to run-time. We introduce an approach that may resolve this problem. We propose an execution model that permits the execution of the usual cycle when necessary and otherwise executes procedural functions. The system is best characterized as a rule rewrite system where rules are replaced with chunks, such that the chunks may have procedural components. Correctness for replacement of rules is derived by a constrained abstract evaluation of the entire program via a general-purpose theorem prover at compile time. The analysis gives a global dependency analysis of the interaction of each of the rules. For a group of popular benchmark programs, we show that there is ample opportunity to automatically sub stitute interpretive pattern matching with procedural elements and a concomitant improvement in performance.
Face Detection and Pose Estimation Based on Evaluating Facial Feature Selection (2015)

The detection of faces is one of the most requesting fields of research in image processing and Visual estimation of head pose is desirable for computer vision applications such as face recognition, human computer interaction, and affective computing.In this paper, we propose completed method for face pose estimation, face and face parts detection, feature extraction, tracking.This paper proposes using an improved AdaBoost algorithm, which is much better than normal AdaBoost.We use the de-facto Viola-Jones method for face and face part detection.From the robustness property of Haar-like feature, we first construct the strong classifier more effective to detect rotated face, and then we propose a novel method that can reduce the training time.We adopt affine motion model estimation as a tracking method.The combination enables efficient detection around the search area limited by tracking.Experimental results demonstrated its effectiveness and robustness against different types of detection and pose estimation in the input face images, including faces that appear in a wide range of image positions and scales, and also complex backgrounds, occlusions, illumination variations and multi-pose head images.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Acute Hepatic Porphyrias: Results from the Longitudinal Study of the U.S. Porphyrias Consortium (2020)

In this U.S. study, 1.5% of patients with AHP had HCC. HCC in AHP occurred in the absence of cirrhosis, which contrasts with other chronic liver diseases. Patients with AHP, regardless of clinical attacks, should be screened for HCC, beginning at age 50. The pathogenesis of hepatocarcinogenesis in AHP is unknown and needs further investigation.
Prognostic Factors in Metastatic Melanoma Patients Treated with Biochemotherapy and Maintenance Immunotherapy (2009)

Metastatic melanoma patients treated with biochemotherapy and maintenance immunotherapy who have either a normal LDH level or skin or nodes as one of their metastatic sites may have durable remissions of their disease, and this therapy should be studied further in these groups.
Mapping of optical surfaces with quarter wavelength fringes (1978)

A contactless interference surface testing method is described that is capable of creating fringe patterns with fringe separations corresponding to a surface deformation of a quarter-wavelength of the illumination light. Contrary to common Fizeau fringes where the interference pattern occurs by superposing two wavefronts, the described method is based upon a superposition of four wavefronts. These wavefronts are created by a diffraction transmission grating which is contactlessly placed over the surface to be tested. Basically, this technique provides a beat frequency pattern with adaptable fringe separation. Practical applications of this method to semiconductor silicon wafers are presented.
Adversarial Radar Inference: Inverse Tracking, Identifying Cognition and Designing Smart Interference (2020)

This paper considers three inter-related adversarial inference problems involving cognitive radars. We first discuss inverse tracking of the radar to estimate the adversary's estimate of us based on the radar's actions and calibrate the radar's sensing accuracy. Second, using revealed preference from microeconomics, we formulate a non-parametric test to identify if the cognitive radar is a constrained utility maximizer with signal processing constraints. We consider two radar functionalities, namely, beam allocation and waveform design, with respect to which the cognitive radar is assumed to maximize its utility and construct a set-valued estimator for the radar's utility function. Finally, we discuss how to engineer interference at the physical layer level to confuse the radar which forces it to change its transmit waveform. The levels of abstraction range from smart interference design based on Wiener filters (at the pulse/waveform level), inverse Kalman filters at the tracking level and revealed preferences for identifying utility maximization at the systems level.
Über o‐Azothioanisol und o‐Thiodianisidin. (I. Mitteilung über Thiophenole) (1909)

508.I ( .Brand: Uber o-Azothioanisol und o-Thiodianisidin.(I.Mitteilung iiber Thiophenole
Prophylactic Intramedullary Fixation of the Tibia for Stress Fracture in a Professional Athlete (1992)

Prophylactic intramedullary nailing of the tibia for stress fracture was performed successfully in a professional football player, enabling him to resume his career. No similar case has been reported previously.
Expansion of the National Salt Reduction Initiative (2015)

An expanded National Salt Reduction Initiative is likely to significantly reduce hypertension and hypertension-related cardiovascular morbidity but may be accompanied by potential risks to older women.
Control Rod Worth and Related Nuclear Characteristics of an Axially Heterogeneous Liquid-Metal Fast Breeder Reactor Core (1985)

AbstractAn axially heterogeneous core (AHC) concept is applied to a 1000-MW(electric)-class tank-type liquidmetal fast breeder reactor (LMFBR). This AHC is characterized by a disk-shaped internal blanket with a radial thickness adjustment at the core midplane. The nuclear characteristics connected with control rod worth of the AHC are analyzed and compared with those of a homogeneous core (HOC) of the same power rating. The neutronics analysis shows that the reactivity insertion due to the vertical displacement of control rods relative to the core, which is an important safety characteristic of a tank-type LMFBR core, is significantly decreased in the AHC because of the reduced control worth requirement and smaller peakto-average differential worth in the primary control system. This allows the AHC to have a vertical displacement 50% greater than that of the HOC and may offer less rigid design conditions for roof slab stiffness and core support systems in a tank-type LMFBR. A reduction in the number of primary control rods is also possible because of a smaller control worth requirement and a better power peaking factor. The work was sponsored by a federation of Japanese electric power companies and performed under the guidance of the fast breeder reactor project office.
Behavioral and prophylactic pharmacological intervention studies of pediatric migraine: an exploratory meta-analysis (1995)

In this review, the effectiveness of behavioral and pharmacological treatments for pediatric migraine was quantitatively summarized following the meta-analytic approach outlined by Hedges and Olkin (1985). A first meta-analysis based on treatment outcome within treatment conditions revealed that thermal biofeedback and interventions combining biofeedback and progressive muscle relaxation seem to be significantly more efficacious than other behavioral treatment modalities, psychological and drug placebo, and the more commonly used prophylactic drug regimens. Though there is some evidence suggesting good effectiveness of propranolol, the lack of systematic data precludes more definitive conclusions. A second meta-analysis that included only studies providing data on the comparison between control versus active treatment conditions replicated the initial findings only partially. In the light of the relative small number of studies that met basic inclusion requirements, the methodological flaws of many studies, and the under-representation of certain treatment types, conclusions regarding differential effectiveness of the treatment types have to be drawn with caution. Overall, our findings clearly demonstrate the need for direct comparisons between behavioral and pharmacological treatments and the need for more theory-driven research in order to determine the most promising treatment approaches for pediatric migraine.
Texture gradient, average texture, and plastic anisotropy in various AI–Li sheet alloys (1994)

The variation of texture through the thickness and the average texture of sheet material of recrystallised AA 8090 and unrecrystallised AA 8090 (crossrolled) and AA 2090 AI–Li alloys have been investigated. Conventional (lithium free) AA 2024 alloy in the annealed condition was used as a reference material. The quantitative orientation distribution functions were determined via X -ray diffraction and neutron diffraction techniques. Using X -ray diffraction, textures of layers at various distances from the surface to the centre of the sheets were examined to achieve the texture gradients. The average textures were determined either via neutron diffraction using cylindrical stacked specimens or by summing the texture results obtained via the X-ray techniquefor the various layers. It is shown that the intensity of the common rolling textures, i.e. {112} <111>, {123} <634>, {110} <112>, and shear texture {100} <011> markedly varied through the thickness of unrecrystallised AA 8090 and AA 2090 AI–Li sheets. Also, in recrystallised AA 8090 AI–Li and AA 2024, a variation of the recrystallisation texture components {001} <100> and {011} <100> through the thickness was found. The quantitative texture data in conjunction with Taylor theory were used to predict the plastic anisotropy in terms of the plastic strain ratio as afunction of the angle a between the rolling and tensile directions. This prediction shows that the effects of texture can explain well the anisotropy in recrystallised AI–Li material (AA 8090). For unrecrystallised materials (AA 8090, AA 2090), a correct trend in plastic anisotropy is predicted; however, the calculated values in the 45° direction are larger than those determined experimentally.MST/1910
DERMAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES (1993)

Exposure of the skin to chemical substances can contribute significantly to total dose in many workplace situations, and its relative importance will increase when airborne occupational exposure limits are reduced, unless steps to reduce skin exposure are undertaken simultaneously. Its assessment employs personal sampling techniques to measure skin loading rates, and combines these measurements with models of percutaneous absorption to estimate absorbed dose. Knowledge of dermal exposure pathways is in many cases fundamental to hazard evaluation and control. When the skin is the primary contributor to absorbed dose, dermal exposure measurements and biological monitoring play complementary roles in defining occupational exposures. Exposure normally occurs by one of three pathways: (i) immersion (direct contact with a liquid or solid chemical substance); (ii) deposition of aerosol or uptake of vapour through the skin; or (iii) surface contact (residue transfer from contaminated surfaces). Sampling methods fall into three categories: surrogate skin; chemical removal; and fluorescent tracers. Surface sampling represents a supplementary approach, providing an estimate of dermal exposure potential. Surrogate skin techniques involve placing a chemical collection medium on the skin. Whole-body garment samplers do not require assumptions relating to distribution, an inherent limitation of patch sampling. The validity of these techniques rests on the ability of the sampling medium to capture and retain chemicals in a manner similar to skin. Removal techniques include skin washing and wiping, but these measure only what can be removed from the skin, not exposure: laboratory removal efficiency studies are required for proper interpretation of data. Fluorescent tracer techniques exploit the visual properties of fluorescent compounds, and combined with video imaging make quantification of dermal exposure patterns possible, but the need to introduce a chemical substance (tracer) into production processes represents an important limitation of this approach. Surface sampling techniques provide a measure of workplace chemical contamination. Wipe sampling has been used extensively, but is susceptible to high variability. Surface sampling requires definition of dermal transfer coefficients for specific work activities. A preliminary dermal exposure sampling strategy which addresses such issues as sampling method, representativeness and sample duration is proposed. Despite the limitations of current assessment techniques, it appears feasible to consider developing dermal occupational exposure limits (DOELs) for selected workplaces and chemical agents. Initial development of DOELs would be most practical where dermal exposure is from surface contact primarily, and where the work closely follows a routine. Improvement in the techniques of dermal exposure assessment is an important goal for occupational hygiene research, and is likely to lead to better health for worker populations.