gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Valine Mismatch at Position 129 of MICA Is an Independent Predictor of Cytomegalovirus Infection and Acute Kidney Rejection in Simultaneous Pancreas–Kidney Transplantation Recipients (2018)

The polymorphic major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related molecule A (MICA) and its soluble form (sMICA) interact with activating receptor natural-killer group 2 member D (NKG2D) on natural-killer (NK) and T cells, thereby modifying immune responses to transplantation and infectious agents (e.g., cytomegalovirus). Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs2596538GA in the <i>MICA</i> promoter and rs1051792AG in the coding region (<i>MICA</i>-129Val/Met), influence MICA expression or binding to NKG2D, with MICA-129Met molecules showing higher receptor affinity. To investigate the impact of these SNPs on the occurrence of cytomegalovirus infection or acute rejection (AR) in individuals who underwent simultaneous pancreas⁻kidney transplantation (SPKT), 50 recipient-donor pairs were genotyped, and sMICA levels were measured during the first year post-transplantation. Recipients with a Val-mismatch (recipient Met/Met and donor Val/Met or Val/Val) showed shorter cytomegalovirus infection-free and shorter kidney AR-free survival. Additionally, Val mismatch was an independent predictor of cytomegalovirus infection and kidney AR in the first year post-transplantation. Interestingly, sMICA levels were lower in rs2596538AA and MICA129Met/Met-homozygous recipients. These results provide further evidence that genetic variants of <i>MICA</i> influence sMICA levels, and that Val mismatch at position 129 increases cytomegalovirus infection and kidney AR risk during the first year post-SPKT.
Multi-objective surrogate-assisted optimization applied to patch antenna design (2017)

In this paper, we present a multi-objective optimization technique for designing a patch antenna on a finite ground plane by employing a surrogate model which is formulated by utilizing various regression and model selection techniques. The method presented enables simultaneous training and optimization of the surrogate model with few initial samples required. The techniques used enable faster convergence of the Pareto set when compared to a traditional multi-objective optimization scheme.
5. Ray Loriga (2016)

5.1. L’uomo che inventò se stessoJorge Loriga, figlio dell’illustratore José Antonio Loriga e della doppiatrice Mari Luz Torrenova, nasce a Madrid il 5 marzo 1967. Sul finire degli anni ’80 muove i primi passi letterari, adotta lo pseudonimo Ray, in onore del pugile Sugar Ray Leonard (Martínez 1993: 34), e approfitta degli ultimi spasmi della movida madrilena per iniziare a collaborare con le riviste «El Europeo» ed «El canto de la tripulación».
Enhancing supervised learning algorithms via self-organization (1989)

A neural network processing scheme is proposed which utilizes a self-organizing Kohonen feature map as the front end to a feedforward classifier network. The results of a series of benchmarking studies based upon artificial statistical pattern recognition tasks indicate that the proposed architecture performs significantly better than do conventional feedforward classifier networks when the decision regions are disjoint. This is attributed to the fact that the self-organization process allows internal units in the succeeding classifier network to be sensitive to a specific set of features in the input space at the outset of training.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Fluidelastic Instability of a U-Bend Tube Array Based on Correlated Unsteady Fluid Force in Two-Phase Flow (2003)

The fluidelastic instability threshold of tube arrays can be estimated using measured unsteady fluid force. It is usually assumed that the fluid force is completely correlated along the tube axis; this may be true in single phase flow. However, the flow in the two-phase flow is no longer steady, in space or in time. Thus, the correlation of the fluid force acting along the tube axis should be introduced. There are very few measured data for the correlation of the fluid force in two-phase flow, and it is difficult to deduce from measured time-history fluid data, such as the void fraction or the flow velocity. In this report, the average correlation length is derived from critical flow velocities of U-bend tubes in several two-phase flow conditions, based on an approximate theory for the two-phase flow condition when the unsteady fluid force for a short span model has been measured. As a result, the average correlation length gives the critical flow velocities of each U-bend tube. The result gives a good explanation why the critical factor in the U-bend tube is larger than that in short span models. This method can be a new estimation of the fluidelastic instability of U-bend tubes in two-phase flow conditions.
A Simple Method for High-Lift Propeller Conceptual Design (2016)

In this paper, we present a simple method for designing that are placed upstream of the leading edge of a wing in order to augment lift. Because the primary purpose of these propellers is to increase lift rather than produce thrust, these props are best viewed as a form of high-lift device; consequently, they should be designed differently than traditional propellers. We present a theory that describes how these props can be designed to provide a relatively uniform axial velocity increase, which is hypothesized to be advantageous for lift augmentation based on a literature survey. Computational modeling indicates that such can generate the same average induced axial velocity while consuming less power and producing less thrust than conventional propeller designs. For an example problem based on specifications for NASA's Scalable Convergent Electric Propulsion Technology and Operations Research (SCEPTOR) flight demonstrator, a propeller designed with the new method requires approximately 15% less power and produces approximately 11% less thrust than one designed for minimum induced loss. Higher-order modeling and/or wind tunnel testing are needed to verify the predicted performance.
PTIDES: A Programming Model for Distributed Real-Time Embedded Systems (2008)

Abstract : We describe a programming model called PTIDES (Programming Temporally Integrated Distributed Embedded Systems), that extends the discrete-event model of computation with a carefully chosen relationship between real time and model time. PTIDES provides a framework for exploring a family of execution strategies for distributed embedded systems. Our objective in this paper is to present an execution strategy that 1) allows independent events to be processed out of time stamp order, 2) uses clock synchronization as a replacement for null message communication across distributed platforms, 3) defines a notion of when events are safe to process and 4) presents an implementation of a PTIDES model. This work puts forward an execution strategy that is aggressive in concurrent execution of events.
Tip-Enhanced Infrared Difference-Nanospectroscopy of the Proton Pump Activity of Bacteriorhodopsin in Single Purple Membrane Patches (2019)

Photosensitive proteins embedded in the cell membrane (about 5 nm thickness) act as photoactivated proton pumps, ion gates, enzymes, or more generally, as initiators of stimuli for the cell activity. They are composed of a protein backbone and a covalently bound cofactor (e.g. the retinal chromophore in bacteriorhodopsin (BR), channelrhodopsin, and other opsins). The light-induced conformational changes of both the cofactor and the protein are at the basis of the physiological functions of photosensitive proteins. Despite the dramatic development of microscopy techniques, investigating conformational changes of proteins at the membrane monolayer level is still a big challenge. Techniques based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) can detect electric currents through protein monolayers and even molecular binding forces in single-protein molecules but not the conformational changes. For the latter, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) using difference-spectroscopy mode is typically employed, but it is performed on macroscopic liquid suspensions or thick films containing large amounts of purified photosensitive proteins. In this work, we develop AFM-assisted, tip-enhanced infrared difference-nanospectroscopy to investigate light-induced conformational changes of the bacteriorhodopsin mutant D96N in single submicrometric native purple membrane patches. We obtain a significant improvement compared with the signal-to-noise ratio of standard IR nanospectroscopy techniques by exploiting the field enhancement in the plasmonic nanogap that forms between a gold-coated AFM probe tip and an ultraflat gold surface, as further supported by electromagnetic and thermal simulations. IR difference-spectra in the 1450-1800 cm<sup>-1</sup> range are recorded from individual patches as thin as 10 nm, with a diameter of less than 500 nm, well beyond the diffraction limit for FTIR microspectroscopy. We find clear spectroscopic evidence of a branching of the photocycle for BR molecules in direct contact with the gold surfaces, with equal amounts of proteins either following the standard proton-pump photocycle or being trapped in an intermediate state not directly contributing to light-induced proton transport. Our results are particularly relevant for BR-based optoelectronic and energy-harvesting devices, where BR molecular monolayers are put in contact with metal surfaces, and, more generally, for AFM-based IR spectroscopy studies of conformational changes of proteins embedded in intrinsically heterogeneous native cell membranes.
Hydrogen bonding and liquid crystallinity of low molar mass and polymeric mesogens containing benzoic acids: a variable temperature Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic study (2014)

The phase behaviour and mesomorphism of poly(4-(6-propenoyloxyhexyloxy)benzoic acid) (PPOHBA) and 4-pentyloxybenzoic acid (POBA) is studied using variable-temperature Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. PPHOBA exhibits a smectic C phase and POBA, a nematic phase. The temperature dependence of the Fermi resonance bands associated with the hydroxyl groups and of the carbonyl stretching region in the FTIR spectra indicates that there is a dynamic equilibrium between monomers and open and closed dimers formed by hydrogen bonding between benzoic acid moieties. The nematic phase observed for POBA is linked to the anisotropic cyclic dimer, while an abrupt increase in the concentration of monomer drives isotropisation. In PPOHBA, hydrogen-bonded supramesogens promote smectic behaviour, while hydrogen-bonded crosslinks stabilise the lamellae. The increased viscosity arising from this dynamic crosslinking is offset by the flexibility of the acrylate backbone and alkyl spacers.
Improved Outcome Prediction for Patients with Multiple Organ Failure Undergoing Continuous Hemodiafiltration (2001)

A number of patients with multiple organ failure (MOF) regardless of accompanying acute renal failure have been treated with continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF). However, despite its high cost, the costs/benefits of CHDF for MOF patients still need to be evaluated. Although many scoring systems were established to predict the outcome of MOF, their predictive powers were not estimated in MOF patients undergoing CHDF. Therefore, using 52 Japanese patients with MOF treated with CHDF for more than 1 week, we estimated the predictive powers of multiple organ dysfunction (MOD) scores and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) III scores, retrospectively. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to outcome at Day 28 after the initiation of CHDF. In both scoring systems, the median values at Day 0 were not significantly different between the survival (n = 19) and the nonsurvival (n = 33) groups. In contrast, at Day 3, the median values of MOD scores was 4 (0-14) in the survival group and 9 (1-12) in the nonsurvival group (p = 0.0035). The median value of APACHE III scores were 37 (19-97) and 87 (16-150) at Day 3, respectively (p < 0.0001). In the survival group, APACHE III scores significantly decreased from the median value of 64 (32-89) to 37 (p = 0.0269), and in the nonsurvival group, it increased significantly from the median value of 70 (29-103) to 87 (p = 0.0116). In contrast, no significant changes were observed in the MOD scores. In conclusion, the MOD score and the APACHE III score systems had less power to predict the outcome of MOF patients undergoing CHDF at Day 0. However, rescoring at Day 3 of each index was much more powerful to accurately predict the outcome of such patients.
Localisation of antinutrients and qualitative identification of toxic components in Jatropha curcas seed (2011)

The majority of antinutrients/toxic compounds are localised in the endosperm of the kernel. The qualitative method developed for rapid identification of toxic PEs could be useful in screening the toxicity of Jatropha-based products in the biodiesel industry. Further confirmation of PEs should be established by high-performance liquid chromatography.
Regulation of BSF-2/IL-6 production by human mononuclear cells. Macrophage-dependent synthesis of BSF-2/IL-6 by T cells. (1988)

Regulation of BSF-2/IL-6 production in peripheral mononuclear cells (MNC) was studied. BSF-2 mRNA expression in mitogen-stimulated MNC showed a biphasic response, the first peak around 4 h and the second peak around 48 h. This was caused by different kinetics of BSF-2 mRNA expression in distinct subpopulations of MNC; M phi expressed BSF-2 mRNA at 5 h in the absence of any stimulation, and mitogen-stimulated T cells and B cells expressed BSF-2 mRNA 48 h after stimulation. Immunohistochemical staining of the cells with anti-BSF-2 antibody demonstrated that macrophages, T cells and B cells could produce BSF-2. T cells in peripheral MNC produced BSF-2 in the presence of M phi. The requirement of macrophage for BSF-2 production in T cells could be replaced by TPA but not by IL-1 or BSF-2.
On the Use of Classifications for Channel Network Structure for Determining Synthetic Unit Hydrographs for Ungauged Basins (2015)

뀀ഀȠ 뀀ഀȠ 뀀ഀȠ Abstract. For ungauged basins, semi-distributed models often represent the accumulation of storm flow in sub-basin elements using synthetic unit hydrographs (UHs). Various methods are available to derive synthetic UHs from the physical characteristics of the sub-basin, but those methods usually do not consider the branching structure of the channel network. The structure of a channel network can vary depending on the conditions under which it developed and is often classified into categories such as dendritic, parallel, pinnate, rectangular, and trellis. The objectives of this study are: (1) to develop a synthetic UH method that incorporates knowledge of the channel network classification and (2) to determine how much consideration of the network classification benefits the estimation of the synthetic UH. To accomplish this objective, a synthetic UH approach is implemented using kinematic wave theory. This approach allows isolation of the effects of the channel network structure and representation of the structure with varying levels of detail in the synthetic UH. To assess the importance of the network classification, three cases are compared. In the first case, the travel times to the sub-basin outlet are derived from the actual flow paths within the sub-basin. In the second case, the flow paths are represented using the typical configuration the sub-basin's network classification. In the third case, the flow paths are represented using a typical configuration that neglects the network classification. The results show that consideration of the network classification is beneficial and that the benefits depend on the type of network that is considered.뀀ഀȠ
Advances in low-power visible/thermal IR video image fusion hardware (2005)

Equinox Corporation has developed two new video board products for real-time image fusion of visible (or intensified visible/near-infrared) and thermal (emissive) infrared video. These products can provide unique capabilities to the dismounted soldier, maritime/naval operations and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) with low-power, lightweight, compact and inexpensive FPGA video fusion hardware. For several years Equinox Corporation has been studying and developing image fusion methodologies using the complementary modalities of the visible and thermal infrared wavebands including applications to face recognition, tracking, sensor development and fused image visualization. The video board products incorporate Equinox's proprietary image fusion algorithms into an FPGA architecture with embedded programmable capability. Currently included are (1) user interactive image fusion algorithms that go significantly beyond standard "A+B" fusion providing an intuitive color visualization invariant to distracting illumination changes, (2) generalized image co-registration to compensate for parallax, scale and rotation differences between visible/intensified and thermal IR, as well as non-linear optical and display distortion, and (3) automatic gain control (AGC) for dynamic range adaptation.
Retinal neuronal and axonal loss over time as markers of disease progression and activity in Multiple Sclerosis: A pilot study (P5.223) (2015)

OBJECTIVE: We examined how thinning of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL) over time reflects disease progression and activity in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). BACKGROUND:Retinal axonal and neuronal loss has emerged as an important visual outcome measure in MS but the utility of these measures in clinical practice remains limited at a time when markers for disease progressive are acutely needed. DESIGN/METHODS:Seventy patients underwent baseline and follow-up testing with optical coherence tomography (OCT), brain MRIs and EDSS. Average eye outcomes were used. Linear regression models and chi square tests were used to compare outcomes. RESULTS:At baseline and follow-up, 87[percnt] of patients had relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) and 11[percnt] had secondary progressive MS (SPMS). Mean baseline EDSS was 2.7 and mean follow-up was 2 years. One patient developed optic neuritis during follow-up, 57[percnt] and 71[percnt] of patients had thinning of their RNFL and GCL over the follow-up period, respectively. The mean annual rate of EDSS progression was 0.4. Patients with an accelerated rate of RNFL thinning (>2 microns) had greater EDSS progression (1.0 point compared to no thinning, p=0.016). Patients with accelerated GCL thinning had greater but not significant EDSS progression (0.5 points). Patients with RNFL and GCL thinning were 19[percnt] and 40[percnt] more likely to have new lesions on their follow-up brain MRI (p=0.078, p=0.011 respectively) and were slightly more likely to have experienced a relapse during follow-up (not significant). In the small subgroup without clinical or radiologic activity, patients with EDSS progression had a greater rate of RNFL thinning (1.5 microns) compared to patients without EDSS progression. CONCLUSIONS:Patients with a higher rate of RNFL and GCL thinning had greater disability progression. Longitudinal OCT metrics have a potential role in capturing disease progression notably in the absence of clinical or radiologic disease activity. Study Supported by:NMSS
The Ligand Cap Affects the Coordination Number but Not Necessarily the Affinity for Anions of Tris-Bidentate Europium Complexes (2020)

To evaluate the effect of ligand geometry on the coordination number, number of inner-sphere water molecules, and affinity for anions of the corresponding lanthanide complex, six tris-bidentate 1,2-hydroxypyridonate (HOPO) europium(III) complexes with different cap sizes were synthesized and characterized. Wider or more flexible ligand caps, such as in Eu<sup>III</sup>-TREN-Gly-HOPO and Eu<sup>III</sup>-3,3-Gly-HOPO, enable the formation of nine-coordinate europium(III) complexes bearing three inner-sphere water molecules. In contrast, smaller or more rigid caps, such as in Eu<sup>III</sup>-TREN-HOPO, Eu<sup>III</sup>-2,2-Li-HOPO, Eu<sup>III</sup>-3,3-Li-HOPO, and Eu<sup>III</sup>-2,2-Gly-HOPO, favor eight-coordinate europium(III) complexes that have only two inner-sphere water molecules. Notably, there is no correlation between the number of inner-sphere water molecules and the affinity of the Eu(III) complexes for phosphate. Some <i>q</i> = 2 (Eu<sup>III</sup>-TREN-HOPO, Eu<sup>III</sup>-3,3-Li-HOPO, and Eu<sup>III</sup>-2,2-Gly-HOPO) and some <i>q</i> = 3 (Eu<sup>III</sup>-TREN-Gly-HOPO) complexes have no affinity for anions, whereas one <i>q</i> = 2 complex (Eu<sup>III</sup>-2,2-Li-HOPO) and one <i>q</i> = 3 complex (Eu<sup>III</sup>-3,3-Gly-HOPO) have a high affinity for phosphate. For the latter two systems, each inner-sphere water molecule is replaced with a phosphate anion, resulting in the formation of EuLPi<sub>2</sub> and EuLPi<sub>3</sub> adducts, respectively.
Y-12 Groundwater Protection Program Groundwater and Surface Water Sampling and Analysis Plan For Calendar Year 2009 (2008)

This plan provides a description of the groundwater and surface water quality monitoring activities planned for calendar year (CY) 2009 at the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Y-12 National Security Complex (Y-12) that will be managed by the Y-12 Groundwater Protection Program (GWPP). Groundwater and surface water monitoring performed by the GWPP during CY 2009 will be in accordance with DOE Order 540.1 requirements and the following goals: (1) to protect the worker, the public, and the environment; (2) to maintain surveillance of existing and potential groundwater contamination sources; (3) to provide for the early detection of groundwater contamination and determine the quality of groundwater and surface water where contaminants are most likely to migrate beyond the Oak Ridge Reservation property line; (4) to identify and characterize long-term trends in groundwater quality at Y-12; and (5) to provide data to support decisions concerning the management and protection of groundwater resources. Groundwater and surface water monitoring during CY 2009 will be performed primarily in three hydrogeologic regimes at Y-12: the Bear Creek Hydrogeologic Regime (Bear Creek Regime), the Upper East Fork Poplar Creek Hydrogeologic Regime (East Fork Regime), and the Chestnut Ridge Hydrogeologic Regime (Chestnut Ridge Regime). The Bear Creek and East Fork regimes are located in Bear Creek Valley, and the Chestnut Ridge Regime is located south of Y-12 (Figure A.1). Additional surface water monitoring will be performed north of Pine Ridge, along the boundary of the Oak Ridge Reservation. Modifications to the CY 2009 monitoring program may be necessary during implementation. Changes in programmatic requirements may alter the analytes specified for selected monitoring wells or may add or remove wells from the planned monitoring network. All modifications to the monitoring program will be approved by the Y-12 GWPP manager and documented as addenda to this sampling and analysis plan. The following sections of this report provide details regarding the CY 2009 groundwater and surface water monitoring activities. Section 2 describes the monitoring locations in each regime and the processes used to select the sampling locations. A description of the field measurements and laboratory analytes is provided in Section 3; sample collection methods and procedures are described in Section 4; and Section 5 lists the documents cited for more detailed operational and technical information.