gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanical and thermal properties of porous yttria-stabilized zirconia (2018)

This paper reports on analyses of the compressive Young’s modulus (Ep), compressive strength (σp) and thermal conductivity (κ) of sintered porous yttria-stabilized zirconia compacts (YSZ). The Ep and σp values are affected by the number of grains and the grain boundary area in sintered YSZ ceramics. The measured porosity dependence of the Ep and σp values was compared with that of the theoretical Ep and σp values derived for the open pore structure. The tendency of Ep and σp values to increase at low porosity was clarified by the proposed theoretical porosity dependence of Ep and σp. The strain at fractures also increased with increases in the grain boundary area and depended on the crack propagation mode affected by the degree of grain growth. The κ values for porous YSZ, which decreased at high porosity, were analyzed theoretically with two model structures: a pore-dispersed YSZ continuous phase system (F model) and a YSZ-dispersed pore continuous phase system (G model). The measured κ values at 0–30% porosity were in good agreement with the κ values calculated for the model F structure. In the high porosity range above 50%, the measured κ values approached the κ value curve for the model G structure with increases in porosity.
A synthetic and mechanistic study of oxycarbene-like coupling reaction patterns of actinide .eta.2-acyl complexes with carbon monoxide and isocyanides (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA synthetic and mechanistic study of oxycarbene-like coupling reaction patterns of actinide .eta.2-acyl complexes with carbon monoxide and isocyanidesKenneth G. Moloy, Paul J. Fagan, Juan M. Manriquez, and Tobin J. MarksCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 1, 56–67Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00261a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00261a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views340Altmetric-Citations78LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
CAD-oriented equivalent-circuit modeling of on-chip interconnects on lossy silicon substrate (2000)

A new, comprehensive CAD-oriented modeling methodology for single and coupled interconnects on an Si-SiO/sub 2/ substrate is presented. The modeling technique uses a modified quasi-static spectral domain electromagnetic analysis which takes into account the skin effect in the semiconducting substrate. Equivalent-circuit models with only ideal lumped elements, representing the broadband characteristics of the interconnects, are extracted. The response of the proposed SPICE compatible equivalent-circuit models is shown to be in good agreement with the frequency-dependent transmission line characteristics of single and general coupled on-chip interconnects.
Improved electron probe microanalysis of trace elements in quartz (2011)

Quartz occurs in a wide range of geologic environments throughout the Earth's crust. The concentration and distribution of trace elements in quartz provide information such as temperature and other physical conditions of formation. Trace element analyses with modern electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA) instruments can achieve 99% confidence detection of ~100 ppm with fairly minimal effort for many elements in samples of low to moderate average atomic number such as many common oxides and silicates. However, trace element measurements below 100 ppm in many materials are limited, not only by the precision of the background measurement, but also by the accuracy with which background levels are determined. A new "blank" correction algorithm has been developed and tested on both Cameca and JEOL instruments, which applies a quantitative correction to the emitted X-ray intensities during the iteration of the sample matrix correction based on a zero level (or known trace) abundance calibration standard. This iterated blank correction, when combined with improved background fit models, and an "aggregate" intensity calculation utilizing multiple spectrometer intensities in software for greater geometric efficiency, yields a detection limit of 2 to 3 ppm for Ti and 6 to 7 ppm for Al in quartz at 99% t-test confidence with similar levels for absolute accuracy
An evolutionary and functional analysis of FoxL2 in rainbow trout gonad differentiation (2004)

FOXL2 is a forkhead transcription factor involved in ovarian development and function. Here, we have studied the evolution and pattern of expression of the FOXL2 gene and its paralogs in fish. We found well conserved FoxL2 sequences (FoxL2a) and divergent genes, whose forkhead domains belonged to the class L2 and were shown to be paralogs of the FoxL2a sequences (named FoxL2b). In the rainbow trout, FoxL2a and FoxL2b were specifically expressed in the ovary, but displayed different temporal patterns of expression. FoxL2a expression correlated with the level of aromatase, the key enzyme in estrogen production, and an estrogen treatment used to feminize genetically male individuals elicited the up-regulation of both paralogs. Conversely, androgens or an aromatase inhibitor down-regulated FoxL2a and FoxL2b in females. We speculate that there is a direct link between estrogens and FoxL2 expression in fish, at least during the period where the identity of the gonad is sensitive to hormonal treatments.
AgClBr photonic crystal fibers for the middle infrared (2004)

Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are normally holey fibers, made of silica glass, which is opaque in the mid- and far-infrared spectral range 3-20 &mu;m. We have fabricated novel PCFs by multiple extrusions of silver halide (AgCl<sub>x</sub>Br<sub>1-x</sub>) crystalline materials, which are highly transparent in this spectral range. These PCFs are composed of two solid materials: the core consists of pure AgBr (n=2.16), and the cladding includes small diameter fiberoptic elements, made of AgCl (n=1.98). These AgCl fiberoptic elements are arranged in two concentric hexagonal rings around the core. This structure gives rise to a cladding region of lower refractive index, thus ensuring total internal reflection. Flexible PCFs of outer diameter 1mm and length of about 1m were fabricated, and their optical properties were measured. Measurements of numerical aperture, laser power transmission and evanescent wave spectroscopy indicated that the PCFs behave like a core-clad structure. There was a good agreement between the results and those obtained by theoretical simulations. Silver halide PCFs would be extremely useful for IR laser power transmission, for IR radiometery and for IR spectroscopy.
Tulehdusmerkkiaineet C-reaktiivinen proteiini ja Pentraksiini-3 munasarjojen hyperstimulaatiossa (2015)

Munasarjojen normaaliin toimintaan liittyy tulehduksellinen reaktio. Koeputkihedelmöitykseen liittyvässä hormonistimulaatiossa munasarjat voivat joskus reagoida liiankin voimakkaasti, jolloin hoitoa komplisoi munasarjojen hyperstimulaatio-oireyhtymä (ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, OHSS). Siinä tulehduksellinen reaktio on voimakas ja laajenee myös munasarjojen ulkopuolelle. OHSS on yleisin koeputkihedelmöityshoitoon liittyvistä vakavista komplikaatioista.&#13;\n&#13;\nTyön tavoitteena on tutkia tulehdusmerkkiaineita, erityisesti C-reaktiivista proteiinia (CRP) ja pentraksiini-3:a (PTX-3) komplisoitumattoman koeputkihedelmöityshoidon aikana. Toisena tavoitteena on selvittää, voisiko PTX-3:n avulla ennakoida OHSS:aa. Prospektiivisen seurantatutkimuksen potilasaineiston sisälsi kaksi kohorttia: 1) OHSS-riskissä olevat potilaat, joiden koeputkihedelmöityshoito oli komplisoitumaton (n=27) ja 2) varhaiseen munasarjojen hyperstimulaatio-oireyhtymään sairastuneet potilaat (n=30).&#13;\n&#13;\nPentraksiini-3-, CRP- ja valkosolukonsentraatiot nousivat komplisoitumattoman hoidon aikana merkittävästi verrattuna lähtötasoon (P&lt;0.05). OHSS-potilailla nämä tulehdusmerkkiaineet olivat merkittävästi korkeammalla tasolla kaksi päivää munasolujen keräämisen jälkeen kuin komplisoitumattomassa hoidossa. Seerumin tai follikkelinesteen Pentraksiin-3-konsentraatiota voi mahdollisesti hyödyntää OHSS-riskin arvioinnissa.
Fluid/Rock Interactions Between Xanthan/Chromium(III) Gel Systems and Dolomite Core Material (2000)

Summary Gelation of chromium(III)/xanthan systems in dolomite core material for in-depth matrix rock treatments was investigated. The gels contained approximately 2,000 ppm xanthan and the dolomite core material was obtained from a San Andres dolomite reservoir in Texas and had permeabilities ranging from 4 to 10 md. Compositional changes in the gelant caused by interactions with the dolomite core material resulted in small permeability reductions for gelants prepared with chromium chloride, chromium acetate and a chromium diamine salt. The primary cause of incomplete gelation in the dolomite material was attributed to the increase in gelant pH that resulted in precipitation of chromium.
Yolk‐Shell Nanostars@Metal Organic Frameworks as Molecular Sieves for Optical Sensing and Catalysis (2023)

Abstract Hybrid composites between nanoparticles and metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have been described as optimal materials for a wide range of applications in optical sensing, drug delivery, pollutant removal or catalysis. These materials are usually core‐shell single‐ or multi‐nanoparticles, restricting the inorganic surface available for reaction. Here, we develop a method for the preparation of yolk‐shells consisting in a plasmonic gold nanostar coated with MOF. This configuration shows more colloidal stability, can sieve different molecules based on their size or charge, seems to show some interesting synergy with gold for their application in photocatalysis and present strong optical activity to be used as SERS sensors.
Stereo Camera Based Virtual Cane System with Identifiable Distance Tactile Feedback for the Blind (2014)

In this paper, we propose a new haptic-assisted virtual cane system operated by a simple finger pointing gesture. The system is developed by two stages: development of visual information delivery assistant (VIDA) with a stereo camera and adding a tactile feedback interface with dual actuators for guidance and distance feedbacks. In the first stage, user's pointing finger is automatically detected using color and disparity data from stereo images and then a 3D pointing direction of the finger is estimated with its geometric and textural features. Finally, any object within the estimated pointing trajectory in 3D space is detected and the distance is then estimated in real time. For the second stage, identifiable tactile signals are designed through a series of identification experiments, and an identifiable tactile feedback interface is developed and integrated into the VIDA system. Our approach differs in that navigation guidance is provided by a simple finger pointing gesture and tactile distance feedbacks are perfectly identifiable to the blind.
Induction of myocardial nitric oxide synthase by cardiac allograft rejection. (1994)

Cardiac transplantation, effective therapy for end-stage heart failure, is frequently complicated by allograft rejection, the mechanisms of which remain incompletely understood. Nitric oxide (NO), a vasodilator which is cytotoxic and negatively inotropic, can be produced in large amounts by an inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in response to cytokines. To investigate whether iNOS is induced during cardiac allograft rejection, hearts from Lewis or Wistar-Furth rats were transplanted into Lewis recipients. At day 5, allogeneic grafts manifested reduced contractility and histologic evidence of rejection (inflammatory infiltrate, edema, necrosis of myocytes). The mRNA for iNOS and iNOS protein were detected in ventricular homogenates and in isolated cardiac myocytes from rejecting allogeneic grafts but not in tissue and myocytes from syngeneic control grafts. Immunocytochemistry showed increased iNOS staining in infiltrating macrophages and in microvascular endothelial cells and cardiac muscle fibers and also in isolated purified cardiac myocytes from the rejecting allografts. Using a myocardial cytosolic iNOS preparation, nitrite formation from L-arginine and [3H] citrulline formation from [3H]L-arginine were increased significantly in the rejecting allogeneic grafts (P < 0.01). Myocardial cyclic GMP was also increased significantly (P < 0.05). The data indicate myocardial iNOS mRNA, protein and enzyme activity are induced in infiltrating macrophages and cardiac myocytes of the rejecting allogeneic grafts. Synthesis of NO by iNOS may contribute to myocyte necrosis and ventricular failure during cardiac allograft rejection.
A Novel Approach for Documenting Phosphenes Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (2010)

Stimulation of the human visual cortex produces a transient perception of light, known as a phosphene. Phosphenes are induced by invasive electrical stimulation of the occipital cortex, but also by non-invasive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)1 of the same cortical regions. The intensity at which a phosphene is induced (phosphene threshold) is a well established measure of visual cortical excitability and is used to study cortico-cortical interactions, functional organization 2, susceptibility to pathology 3,4 and visual processing 5-7. Phosphenes are typically defined by three characteristics: they are observed in the visual hemifield contralateral to stimulation; they are induced when the subject s eyes are open or closed, and their spatial location changes with the direction of gaze 2. Various methods have been used to document phosphenes, but a standardized methodology is lacking. We demonstrate a reliable procedure to obtain phosphene threshold values and introduce a novel system for the documentation and analysis of phosphenes. We developed the Laser Tracking and Painting system (LTaP), a low cost, easily built and operated system that records the location and size of perceived phosphenes in real-time. The LTaP system provides a stable and customizable environment for quantification and analysis of phosphenes.
Doxorubicin liposome-loaded microbubbles for contrast imaging and ultrasound-triggered drug delivery (2012)

Targeted drug delivery under image guidance is gaining more interest in the drug-delivery field. The use of microbubbles as contrast agents in diagnostic ultrasound provides new opportunities in noninvasive image-guided drug delivery. In the present study, the imaging and therapeutic properties of novel doxorubicin liposome-loaded microbubbles are evaluated. The results showed that at scanning settings (1.7 MHz and mechanical index 0.2), these microbubbles scatter sufficient signal for nonlinear ultrasound imaging and can thus be imaged in real time and be tracked in vivo. In vitro therapeutic evaluation showed that ultrasound at 1 MHz and pressures up to 600 kPa in combination with the doxorubicin liposomeloaded microbubbles induced 4-fold decrease of cell viability compared with treatment with free doxorubicin or doxorubicin liposome-loaded microbubbles alone. The therapeutic effectiveness is correlated to an ultrasound-triggered release of doxorubicin from the liposomes and an enhanced uptake of the free doxorubicin by glioblastoma cells. The results obtained demonstrate that the combination of ultrasound and the doxorubicin liposome-loaded microbubbles can provide a new method of noninvasive image-guided drug delivery.
Short communication: Heritability estimates for susceptibility to Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection defined by ELISA and fecal culture test results in Jersey cattle (2014)

Paratuberculosis (Johne's disease), an enteric disorder in ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis, causes economic losses in excess of $200 million annually to the US dairy industry. Costly diagnostic testing, cumbersome control programs, incurability, and ineffective vaccination all make M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis susceptibility a good candidate for genetic studies and genetic selection a potentially useful adjunct to management-based control programs. No report has been published for heritability of susceptibility to M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis infection in Jersey cattle. The objective of this study was to estimate variance components and heritability for susceptibility to M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis infection in US Jersey cattle. Data consisted of complete serum ELISA and partial fecal culture results on a total of 2,861 Jersey cows from 23 commercial herds throughout the United States after editing. Four M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis susceptibility phenotypes were defined using (1) ELISA sample-to-positive ratios as a continuous trait, (2) ELISA results as a binary trait (positive=1, negative=0), (3) ELISA results as an ordered categorical trait, and (4) a combined test in which ELISA and fecal culture results were both taken into account in a binary analysis. Three statistical models, including linear, binary threshold, and ordered threshold sire models, were used to analyze the data. All analyses were executed using the restricted maximum likelihood method in ASReml 3 software. The heritability estimates were low to moderate and ranged from 0.08 (±0.03) to 0.27 (±0.11) based on different trait definitions. The nonzero heritability indicates that susceptibility to M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis infection in Jersey cattle is influenced by genetic factors. Therefore, selection of the least susceptible animals could decrease genetic predisposition to M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis infection in Jersey populations in future generations.
Material Measurements Using VNA-Based Material Characterization Kits Subject to Thru-Reflect-Line Calibration (2020)

This article presents a study of different calibration techniques for vector network analyzer -based material measurements using commercially available material characterization kits (MCKs). Such MCKs are designed for fast broadband material characterization at millimeter-wave and terahertz frequencies and are based on gated-reflect-line calibration for removal of errors associated with the fixture. In this article, we have applied thru-reflect-line (TRL) calibration to the MCKs, yielding robust S-parameters that are used to calculate the relative permittivity and loss tangent of materials. Two different types of line standards, i.e., custom machined corrugated lines and air lines (a quarter-wave air gap between the ports of the MCKs), were employed to produce the desired phase shift. Both types of standard produced similar results. These investigations were carried out on three types of low-loss dielectric material, using MCKs operating at two selected waveguides bands within the range 140-750 GHz. The same samples were measured using time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) for comparison. The extracted relative permittivities and loss tangents using MCKs with TRL calibration and TDS are compared against literature values. Good agreement is achieved.
A click-through rate prediction model and its applications to sponsored search advertising (2013)

Ad click-through rate (CTR) prediction is to estimate CTR with click log, which is influenced by the page information, the position, the user properties, the nature features of ad and some other factors. The right ads for the query and the order they are displayed greatly affects the revenue the company receives from these ads. Therefore, it is important to be able to estimating CTR precisely with click log in sponsored search advertising system. We present a useful CTR prediction model for ads of abundant history data. We also show that using our model improves the performance of an advertising system.
Supplements for cooler cows (2007)

Nearly every summer, heat stress negatively impacts dairy cow performance, robbing dairy producers of much needed profits. When exposed to extended periods of heat, cows suffer significant reductions in milk production, show poor reproductive efficiency, and increased incidents of health problems such as rumen acidosis, mastitis and laminitis.
Dynamic scheduling issues in SMT architectures (2004)

Simultaneous multithreading (SMT) attempts to attain higher processor utilization by allowing instructions from multiple independent threads to coexist in a processor and compete for shared resources. Previous studies have shown, however, that its throughput may be limited by the number of threads. A reason is that a fixed thread scheduling policy cannot be optimal for the varying mixes of threads it may face in an SMT processor. Our adaptive dynamic thread scheduling (ADTS) was previously proposed to achieve higher utilization by allowing a detector thread to make use of wasted pipeline slots with nominal hardware and software costs. The detector thread adaptively switches between various fetch policies. Our previous study showed that a single fixed thread scheduling policy presents much room (some 30%) for improvement compared to an oracle-scheduled case. In this paper, we take a closer look at ADTS. We implemented the functional model of the ADTS and its software architecture to evaluate various heuristics for determining a better fetch policy for a next scheduling quantum. We report that performance could be improved by as much as 25%.
Central mammalian neurons normally resistant to glutamate toxicity are made sensitive by elevated extracellular Ca2+: toxicity is blocked by the N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist MK-801. (1988)

It is widely held that a glutamate-like toxin that resembles N-methyl-D-aspartate may be responsible for the death of nerve cells seen after severe neurological insults including stroke, seizures, and degenerative disorders, such as Huntington disease, Alzheimer disease, and the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-parkinsonism-dementia complex found on Guam. One puzzling fact about these maladies is the differential vulnerability of specific groups of neurons peculiar to each condition. We report here that an identified population of central neurons, rat retinal ganglion cells, are resistant to the neurotoxic effects of millimolar concentrations of glutamate under otherwise normal culture conditions. Patch-clamp experiments show that this resistance is associated with a very small ionic current response to N-methyl-D-aspartate. Varying the ionic milieu by increasing the extracellular Ca2+ concentration, however, results in a striking increase in glutamate-induced cell death in this population. Under these conditions, Mg2+ or the amino acid antagonist MK-801 [(+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo-(alpha,gamma)-cyclohepten-5 ,10-imine maleate], blockers of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-coupled ion channels, completely abrogate the lethal effects of glutamate. These findings strongly suggest that Ca2+ entry through N-methyl-D-aspartate-activated channels is responsible for this type of neuronal death and suggest strategies that may be clinically useful in the treatment of various neurological disorders.