gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parent-Based Sleep Education Workshops in Autism (2009)

To determine if parents can successfully teach their children with autism spectrum disorders to become better sleepers, we piloted small group parent education workshops focused on behavioral sleep strategies. Workshops consisted of three 2-hour sessions conducted over consecutive weeks by 2 physicians. Curricula included establishing effective daytime and nighttime habits, initiating a bedtime routine, and optimizing parental interactions at bedtime and during night wakings. Baseline and treatment questionnaires and actigraphy were analyzed in 20 children, ages 3 to 10 years. Improvements after treatment were seen in the total scale and several insomnia-related subscales of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire. Actigraphy documented reduced sleep latency in children presenting with sleep onset delay. Improvements were also noted in measures of sleep habits and daytime behavior. Brief parent-based behavioral sleep workshops in children with autism spectrum disorders appear effective in improving subjective and objective measures of sleep, sleep habits, and daytime behavior.
The Glen Grey Act: Forgotten dimensions in an old theme (1993)

Abstract The importance of Act 25 of 1894 of the Cape parliament, the Glen Grey Act, in the pattern of legislation to regulate the lives of the Black population of southern Africa is generally admitted. It was intended that the law should apply initially to the Black people of the Glen Grey district of the northern Cape where there were White farmers in the neighbourhood eager for more land. It was, however, also intended that the measure could be applied by proclamation to other districts of the Cape and of the Transkei. The incorporation of Transkeian districts into the Cape was completed in the same year with the annexation of Pondoland. In the course of the parliamentary debates Rhodes described the legislation as “a bill for Africa”. 1 Debates in the [Cape] House of Assembly (henceforward DHA) 1894, p 362, col 1 He evidently envisaged that the provisions contained in the Glen Grey Act could be introduced in time to areas beyond the Cape, such as the land north of the Limpopo which in 1898 became known as Rhodesia.
Reducing peak electricity demand in building climate control using real-time pricing and model predictive control (2010)

A method to reduce peak electricity demand in building climate control by using real-time electricity pricing and applying model predictive control (MPC) is investigated. We propose to use a newly developed time-varying, hourly-based electricity tariff for end-consumers, that has been designed to truly reflect marginal costs of electricity provision, based on spot market prices as well as on electricity grid load levels, which is directly incorporated into the MPC cost function. Since this electricity tariff is only available for a limited time window into the future we use least-squares support vector machines for electricity tariff price forecasting and thus provide the MPC controller with the necessary estimated time-varying costs for the whole prediction horizon. In the given context, the hourly pricing provides an economic incentive for a building controller to react sensitively with respect to high spot market electricity prices and high grid loading, respectively. Within the proposed tariff regime, grid-friendly behaviour is rewarded. It can be shown that peak electricity demand of buildings can be significantly reduced. The here presented study is an example for the successful implementation of demand response (DR) in the field of building climate control.
Evaluation and Utilization of Allelopathic Festuca rubra Turfgrass Cultivars for Alternative Weed Management Strategies (2003)

Recent experiments in Ithaca and Riverhead NY have shown that fine fescue cultivars Intrigue, Reliant, and Oxford were most suppressive in field and laboratory settings due to their allelopathic activity and their ability to establish readily in a field setting. The cultivars Treasure and Boreal were least weed suppressive in both sites in 2 years of replicated trials. Mode of action studies would suggest the inhibitor(s) in the root exudate act upon photosynthesis or respiration or possibly both. Current anatomical studies suggest root exudates are produced in actively dividing root cells and are stored until extrusion from roots in osmiophilic inclusions in root cells. The structural elucidation studies performed using GC and HPLC coupled to mass spectrometry suggest that the components of the root exudates may be steroidal in nature. Purification and structural elucidation work is ongoing.
Synthetic small interfering RNA targeting heat shock protein 105 induces apoptosis of various cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo (2006)

We previously reported that heat shock protein 105 (HSP105), identified by serological analysis of a recombinant cDNA expression library (SEREX) using serum from a pancreatic cancer patient, was overexpressed in various human tumors and in the testis of adult men by immunohistochemical analysis. In the present study, to elucidate the biological function of the HSP105 protein in cancer cells, we first established NIH3T3 cells overexpressing murine HSP105 (NIH3T3-HSP105). The NIH3T3-HSP105 cells acquired resistance to apoptosis induced by heat shock or doxorubicin. The small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated suppression of HSP105 protein expression induced apoptosis in human cancer cells but not in fibroblasts. By a combination of siRNA introduction and doxorubicin or heat shock treatment, apoptosis was induced synergistically in a human colon cancer cell line, HCT116. In vivo, siRNA inoculation into the human gastric cancer cell line KATO-3 established in the flank of an NOD SCID mouse suppressed the tumor growth. This siRNA-induced apoptosis was mediated through caspases, but not the p53 tumor suppressor protein, even though the HSP105 protein was bound to wild-type p53 protein in HCT116 cells. These findings suggest that the constitutive overexpression of HSP105 in cancer cells is involved in malignant transformation by protecting tumor cells from apoptosis. HSP105 may thus be a novel target molecule for cancer therapy and a treatment regimen using synthetic siRNA to suppress the expression of HSP105 protein may provide a new strategy for cancer therapy.
Linear and Branched Polyacrylates As a Delivery Platform for peptide-based Vaccines (2016)

We have successfully demonstrated that submicron-sized polymer-peptide conjugates were capable of inducing strong humoral immune responses after single immunization.
Smart walking cane for the visually challenged (2016)

Traditionally, visually challenged individuals employ the white cane to aid their mobility outdoors, which provides very limited utility. In order to improve the safety of visually challenged users and enhance their awareness of their surroundings while navigating in outdoor environments, a smart device is needed. In this paper, a smart walking cane for the visually challenged has been presented. The proposed device can detect obstacles as well as terrain changes in the user's path. A conventional walking cane forms the main frame of the device, upon which ultrasonic sensors are mounted at appropriate locations to detect obstacles, steps and pits in the path of the user. Additionally, a provision to indicate the presence of puddles and slippery surfaces in the user's path has also been included in the device. The presence of these obstacles is notified to the user by the means of voice recordings played via earphones or through haptic feedback, provided using vibration motors placed on the hand support of the stick. The smart walking cane further employs GPS and GSM modules which can be used to send a distress signal to the user's kin along with the user's location upon being activated by a simple press of a button. The device is lightweight and is powered by a rechargeable battery. The overall design of the device ensures accuracy, energy efficiency and easy portability.
Effects of beta interferon on human fibroblasts at different population doubling levels. Proliferation, cell volume, thymidine uptake, and DNA synthesis. (1984)

Cellular aging had no effect on the ability of beta interferon to increase cell volume and population doubling time in 76-109 cells, a line of human skin fibroblasts. However, DNA synthesis in cells at high population doubling levels (PDL 55-70) was inhibited after 72 h of beta interferon treatment (1,000 U/ml) while no inhibition of DNA synthesis was observed in cells at middle population doubling levels (PDL 30-40).
Europium Nanoparticle-Based Sialyl-Tn Monoclonal Antibody Discriminates Epithelial Ovarian Cancer–Associated CA125 from Benign Sources (2019)

Our findings suggest that Eu<sup>+3</sup>-NPs-based CA125<sup>STn</sup> assay could help reduce the false-positive rates of CA125<sup>IA</sup> to improve differential diagnosis. The results encourage studying further the potential use of CA125<sup>STn</sup> to detect EOC at earlier clinical stages. This approach warrants further investigation in other cancers as well.
Multidimensional tactile displays: Identification of vibratory intensity, frequency, and contactor area (1987)

Experiments were conducted to determine the ability of subjects to identify vibrotactile stimuli presented to the distal pad of the middle finger. The stimulus sets varied along one or more of the following dimensions: intensity of vibration, frequency of vibration, and contactor area. Identification performance was measured by information transfer. One-dimensional stimulus sets produced values in the range 1-2 bits and, for most subjects, three-dimensional sets produced values in the range 4-5 bits. Of the three dimensions considered, performance on the intensity variable was most affected, and performance on contactor area least affected, by simultaneous variations in the other dimensions.
Heat transfer characteristics and correlations for R-410A flowing inside a horizontal smooth tube (1998)

This study was carried out to provide data on heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop for R-410A flowing inside a horizontal smooth copper heat transfer tube and also to obtain the empirical correlations of the heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop for R-410A to design the heat exchanger installed in an air conditioner. In the present experiments, a horizontal copper smooth tube with an outside diameter of 7.0 mm (2.2 in.) was employed, and the measurements of local heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop for R-410A, including R-407C and R-22, were made under the practical evaporation and condensation conditions of the air conditioner. In order to obtain the correlations, the experimental results of heat transfer coefficients were compared with the existing correlations, while the new correlations of two-phase friction multipliers for evaporation and condensation pressure drops were developed in this investigation. Since good agreement between the experimental data for R-410A and the existing correlations was shown for both evaporative and condensing heat transfer coefficients and the pressure drop data were also well correlated by the present unique equations, the correlations proposed in this investigation on heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop are applicable to designing a heat exchanger using R-410A.
A Study of the Forces Involved in the Second Stage of Hemagglutination (1965)

Agglutination of antibody coated human erythrocytes has been found to depend on the zeta‐poten‐tial at the surface of shear and the dimensions of the antibody molecules. The critical zeta‐potential above which agglutination cannot occur has been shown to be —23 millivolts and —13 millivolts for saline and albumin antibodies respectively. A zeta‐potential below —18 millivolts for 19S molecules and below —8 millivolts for 7S molecules has been found to be necessary to give optimum agglutination and titer. The value of the enzymes used in blood group serology has been shown to be related to their ability to reduce the net surface charge density with a consequent reduction in zeta. It is postulated that this effect is due to esterase rather than protease activity. Bovine albumin and three synthetic polymers were found to bring about agglutination by reducing the zeta‐potential as a result of raising the dielectric constant. No evidence was found to support the hypothesis that they reduce the surface charge of the erythrocytes. A satisfactory equation for calculating zeta, that can be used to predict the course of a serological reaction, has been computed from a determined value of —3190 esu/cm 2 for the net surface charge density of human erythrocytes in NaCl‐buffer at 25 C. This has been extended to include electrolytes of other valences by taking into account the mean activity coefficient of the electrolyte. Evidence is presented to show that the minimum zeta associated with erythrocyte stability is about —7 millivolts. This was considered to be the minimum potential required to overcome the cohesive forces of interfacial tension. In reaction mixtures imparting a zeta‐potential of —7 millivolts, tests with ten anti‐K and ten anti‐Fy a sera show them to react similarly to anti‐D. There was no evidence to support the claim that these antibodies are monovalent.
The control of bacterial contamination in carcass meal with propionic acid. (1980)

The effect of the addition of 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10% respectively of propionic acid on known numbers of bacteria added to or contained in carcass meal was examined. Escherichia coli was totally inhibited by 2% propionic acid, while 5% of the acid both inhibited Salmonella typhimurium and brought about a 74,7% reduction in the total aerobic bacterial count.
Elimination of myeloma cells from bone marrow by using monoclonal antibodies and magnetic immunobeads (1988)

The efficacy of immunomagnetic beads to purge human myeloma cells from bone marrow ex vivo was evaluated. The optimal conditions for purging were studied first by using three myeloma cell lines: RPMI-8226, SKO-007, and SKMM-2. Myeloma cells labeled with the vital fluorescent dye Hoechst 33342 were admixed with normal bone marrow cells, and two monoclonal antibodies reactive with the myeloma cells (PCA-1 and BL-3) were added alone or in combination with the cells. Magnetic beads coated with goat antimouse immunoglobulin G were then added, and the tumor cells to which beads were attached were separated from the mixture with a magnet. The efficacy of tumor cell removal was dependent on the bead-to-tumor ratio; a ratio of more than 500 was optimal in the presence of excess normal marrow cells. The combination of monoclonal antibodies PCA-1 and BL-3 increased the tumor cell removal as compared with either antibody alone. Two cycles of treatment were more effective than one cycle was. Under optimal conditions, 2.3 to 4 logs of tumor cells could be removed from the mixture containing 10% myeloma cells without a significant loss of normal hematopoietic progenitors as measured by CFU-GM, CFU-GEM, and BFU-E. When the efficacy of this procedure was tested on fresh bone marrow from patients with multiple myeloma (MM) by using the combination of PCA-1, BL-3, and J-5, 1.6 to 2.5 logs of tumor cells could be removed by one cycle of treatment, even from marrows containing less than 10% myeloma cells. These observations support the use of monoclonal antibody combinations and immunobeads as a reliable and nontoxic method to eliminate contaminating myeloma cells ex vivo in preparation for autologous bone marrow transplantation in patients with MM.
Fructose-1,6-diphosphate in the treatment of oleander toxicity in dogs. (1999)

Oleander, a flowering plant that grows in the Mediterranean and southern US, contains the cardiac glycosides oleandrin, digitoxigenin and nerium, which inhibit Na(+)-K+ ATPase. Clinical manifestations of oleander toxicity include gastrointestinal irritation, marked hyperkalemia, A-V block, ventricular dysrhythmia, and not uncommonly death. Because fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) has been shown to attenuate digoxin toxicity, we determined whether this agent would be effective in the treatment of the toxicity of these similarly-structured cardiac glycosides. Anesthetized dogs (n = 12) were infused i.v. for 5 min with 40 mg oleander extract/kg and then 6 dogs randomly selected from that group received a 50 mg/kg bolus of 10% FDP followed by a constant infusion. The other control animals received the same dosage of 10% dextrose. Within 5 min after oleander administration, all dogs developed dysrhythmias. The FDP-treated animals reverted to sinus rhythm within 1.58 +/- 0.15 h; none in the control group returned to sinus rhythm. One control dog died at 3 h from ventricular fibrillation. Marked hyperkalemia was observed in the control group; plasma K+ remained unchanged in the FDP group. Throughout the 4 h experimental period the FDP group maintained normal arterial pressures; in the control dextrose group, pressures were profoundly depressed. Cardiac output declined in both groups but remained higher in the FDP group. To determine the mechanism whereby FDP attenuates oleander toxicity, we studied the in vitro effect of FDP on oleander poisoned myocardial sarcolemmal membranes. At concentrations of 1 and 2 mg oleander inhibited Na(+)-K+ ATPase activity and addition of 500 microM FDP restored myocardial sarcolemmal Na(+)-K+ ATPase function. FDP effectively prevented hyperkalemia, reversed dysrhythmias and improved hemodynamics in vivo in this canine model of oleander toxicity and also restored sarcolemmal Na(+)-K+ ATPase activity in vitro.
Interactions of ceftazidime and tobramycin in patients with normal and impaired renal function (1990)

We studied the in vivo interaction of ceftazidime and tobramycin in normal volunteers and anuric patients given each drug separately or both drugs in combination. Kinetic analysis of plasma concentration data showed minor changes in the disposition of these agents when they were given concurrently. However, the resulting clearance of both tobramycin and ceftazidime was unchanged when these drugs were given concurrently. The volume of distribution of tobramycin at steady state was increased by 20% in normal volunteers when given with ceftazidime. The increase in distribution was accompanied by a slight decrease in ceftazidime elimination rate. No additional alteration in dosing over those necessary to adjust for a decrease in renal function is necessary when giving this combination.
Silica-based optical interposer for Si photonics (2009)

An important advantage of Si photonics devices is their compactness, which derives from the high refractive index of Si. However, this compactness also causes a problem for a specific application. To solve this problem, the paper proposed an optical interposer for Si photonics. In this concept, the fan-out waveguides , which are pitch-changer waveguides, were positioned outside the Si photonics device on a silica-based waveguide. And the silica-based waveguide and Si photonics device are optically coupled via a mirror array on silica and a Si grating array, which allow vertical coupling to Si photonics devices with a wide alignment tolerance. This interposer can keep the Si photonics device small and allows us to layout a large number of chips on one wafer. In this work, we realistically expect the loss of the interposer and show its potential.
Regulation of Breast Carcinoma Progression by the Alpha-6 Integrins (2000)

Abstract : During this career development award, I have made significant progress in determining the contribution of the alpha 6 beta 1 integrin receptors to breast cancer. We had previously established that the alpha 6 beta 1 receptor contributes to the growth and survival of breast carcinoma metastases. In addition, we had demonstrated that de novo expression of the integrin beta 4 subunit in breast carcinoma cell lines that lack this integrin subunit increases their invasive potential. During this award period, my work has resulted in an increased understanding of alpha 6 beta 1-dependent breast carcinoma survival and the important role of PI3K and Akt in this function. I have demonstrated that the ability of the alpha 6 beta 4 integrin to promote invasion is related to its activation of phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase (PI3K) and the downstream effectors Rac and PKC epsilon. I identified IRS-1 and IRS-2 as intermediates in the alpha 6 beta 4-dependent activation of PI3K and demonstrated that Y1494 in the beta 4 subunit is essential for this signaling pathway. Finally, I have established an involvement of the src family in alpha 6 beta 4-dependent breast carcinoma invasion. Importantly, this career development award has contributed to my promotion to Assistant Professor, my recruitment to the BIDMC Pathology Department, and my obtaining an NIH-R01 Award that is focused on breast cancer.
ABC Transporter Genes and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes (2012)

Genetic variations in ABCA1 and ABCG1 were not associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes in the general population. These data were obtained in general population samples harboring the largest number of heterozygotes for loss-of-function mutations in ABCA1 and ABCG1.
Effect of Loxiglumide and Atropine on Erythromycin–Induced Reduction in Gallbladder Volume in Human Subjects (1992)

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of erythromycin, a motilin agonist with prokinetic activity, on fasting gallbladder volume. To evaluate the mechanism of action of erythromycin on gallbladder motility, erythromycin (3.5 mg/kg.20 min, intravenously) was infused on three separate occasions: during cholinergic blockage with atropine (0.005 mg/kg.hr), during cholecystokinin receptor blockade with loxiglumide (10 mg/kg.hr) and during saline solution infusion (control). Atropine, loxiglumide and saline solution infusions were started 3 hr before administration of erythromycin and were continued for 3 hr thereafter. Gallbladder volumes (measured by ultrasonography), plasma cholecystokinin levels (radioimmunoassay) and plasma pancreatic polypeptide levels (radioimmunoassay) were determined at regular intervals for 6 hr in six healthy volunteers. During the 3-hr infusion before administration of erythromycin, both loxiglumide and atropine significantly increased gallbladder volumes--from 18 +/- 2 to 37 +/- 3 cm3 (p less than 0.05) and from 17 +/- 3 to 24 +/- 2 cm3 (p less than 0.05), respectively--whereas saline solution did not significantly affect gallbladder volume. During control saline solution infusion, erythromycin induced prolonged gallbladder contraction that was significant (p less than 0.05) between 60 and 180 min and reached a maximum of 45% +/- 8% at 150 min. Plasma cholecystokinin levels were not affected by erythromycin. Erythromycin induced a significant (p less than 0.05) increase in plasma pancreatic polypeptide levels, from 12 +/- 1 pmol/L to 34 +/- 3 pmol/L. Loxiglumide did not prevent the erythromycin-induced reduction in gallbladder volume. Atropine markedly reduced the effect of erythromycin, causing slight but significant (p less than 0.05) gallbladder volume reductions (18% +/- 4%) between 150 and 180 min.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)