gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamics estimation and generalized tuning of stationary frame current controller for grid-tied power converters (2016)

The integration of ac-dc power converters to manage the connection of generation to the grid has increased exponentially over the last years. PV or wind generation plants are one of the main applications showing this trend. High power converters are increasingly installed for integrating the renewables in a larger scale. The control design for these converters becomes more challenging due to the reduced control bandwidth and increased complexity in the grid connection filter. A generalized and optimized control tuning approach for converters becomes more favored. This paper proposes an algorithm for estimating the dynamic performance of the stationary frame current controllers, and based on it a generalized and optimized tuning approach is developed. The experience-based specifications of the tuning inputs are not necessary through the tuning approach. Simulation and experimental results in different scenarios are shown to evaluate the proposal.
Computer-stored medical records. Their future role in medical practice (1988)

Over the next few years, computer-stored medical records will become technically and economically feasible on a broad scale. Hybrid systems that include computer and traditional paper versions of the medical record and obtain their data from existing ancillary service systems will soon be widely available. Completely electronic medical records will follow. However, standards for exchanging clinical information between independent computers are needed to eliminate the reentry or interfacing costs otherwise required to obtain data from computerized ancillary services. Three kinds of benefits may be expected: (1) improved logistics and organization of the medical record to speed care and improve care givers' efficiency, (2) automatic computer review of the medical record to limit errors and control costs, and (3) systematic analysis of past clinical experience to guide future practices and policies. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:3433-3440)
THE NEED OF EDUCATION IN QUESTIONS OF SEX (1931)

satisfactory way, but an attempt has been made to divide homes into three groups-namely, " bad " homes, " fair " homes, and " good " homes. This was done after con- sideration of (a) total income, (b) locality, and (c) general hygienic conditions. In a series of 494 homes in which there was Ino tuberculous person living, 110 were classified as " bad," 154 as " fair," and 230 as " good." The incidence of tuberculous infection in each of these groups was practically the same, the figures being 30.9, 37.6, and 35 per cent. respectively. In 228 homes where there was a person suffering from tuiberculosis, the corresponding figures were 86.4, 76.8, and 68.6 per cent. These figures would seem to show that where there is no known tuberculosis in the home, the incidence of tuberculouis infection is much the same, whether the horne conditions are "bad," " fair," or " good," while in the case of the tuberculous household there is a considerably lower per- centage of tuberculous infection, in the " good " home than in the " fair " home, and much more is this the case when comparing the " good " with the " bad home.
Antigen Analogs/MHC Complexes as Specific T Cell Receptor Antagonists (1994)

Recent studies demonstrated that antigen analogs can act as powerful and specific inhibitors of T cell activation, leading to the formulation of the concept that antigen analog/MHC complexes may act as antagonists of the T cell receptor (TCR). TCR antagonism appears to be associated with engagement of the TCR below a crucial affinity threshold necessary for full T cell activation. Studies addressing the molecular mechanism of this effect suggest that TCR antagonists could act by interfering with membrane-related events (such as proper receptor clustering) that might precede intracellular signaling. Discovery of the TCR antagonism phenomenon also suggested a possible rational approach to antigen-specific immunointervention in allergies and autoimmune diseases. The feasibility of such an approach is now being actively investigated. Finally, TCR antagonist peptides may provide a useful tool to probe TCR-peptide/MHC interactions involved in the process of thymic education.
Improved Vision-Related Function After Ranibizumab vs Photodynamic Therapy (2009)

Patients treated with ranibizumab were more likely to report clinically meaningful improvements in visual function through 24 months compared with those treated with verteporfin PDT. Application to Clinical Practice Ranibizumab treatment in neovascular age-related macular degeneration can improve patient-reported visual function. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00061594.
Ultrasonic detection of surface-breaking railhead defects (2008)

On the UK rail network, changing usage patterns have led to rolling contact fatigue (RCF) on the railhead being an increasing problem, andfirequent testing for such defects is essential. Existing systeinsfior detecting defects are limited in speed (&lt;30 mph) and accuracy (&gt; 5 mm). We are currently working on novel ultrasonic methods qf detecting RCF, designed to lift many of the speed limitations andl or significantly improve accuracy and resolution. A noncontact pitch-catch pulsed ultrasonic system comprising two electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) generating and detecting Rayleigh-like waves has the potential to operate at high speed, thus improving network inspection coverage. Phased array ultrasonic techniques arc being, signed to improve imaging and characterisation of the dc,fects on sections of rail have defects. A set of simulated de been machined, including half-face slots machined normal to the railhead surface, clusters of angled slots, and pocket defects more typical of real deftcts. The techniques have been tested on these rails and their potentialjbr use on the rail network is discussed.
Improved representation of retinal data acquired with volumetric Fd-OCT: co-registration, visualization, and reconstruction of a large field of view (2008)

Advances in Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (Fd-OCT) permit visualization of three-dimensional morphology of in-vivo retinal structures in a way that promises to revolutionize clinical and experimental imaging of the retina. The relevance of these advances will be further increased by the recent introduction of several commercial Fd-OCT instruments that can be used in clinical practice. However, due to some inherent limitations of current Fd-OCT technology (e.g., lack of spectroscopic information, inability to measure fluorescent signals), it is important to co-register Fd-OCT data with images obtained by other clinical imaging modalities such as fundus cameras and fluorescence angiography to create a more complete interpretation and representation of structures imaged. The co-registration between different imaging platforms becomes even more important if small retinal changes are monitored for early detection and treatment. Despite advances in volume acquisition speed with FD-OCT, eye/head motion artifacts can be still seen on acquired data. Additionally high-sampling density, large field-of-view (FOV) Fd-OCT volumes may also be needed for comparison with conventional imaging. In standard Fd-OCT systems, higher sampling density and larger imaging FOV (with constant sampling densities) lead to longer acquisition time which further increases eye/head motion artifacts. To overcome those problems, we tested 3D stitching of multiple, smaller retinal volumes which can be acquired in a less time (reduction of motion artifacts) and/or when stitched create a larger FOV representation of the retina. Custom visualization software that makes possible manual co-registration and simultaneous visualization of volumetric Fd-OCT data sets is described. Volumetric visualizations of healthy retinas with corresponding fundus pictures are presented followed by examples of retinal volumes of high sampling density that are created from multiple "standard" Fd-OCT volumes.
Track and trigger in an emergency department: an observational evaluation study (2012)

T&T in the ED is challenged by poor completion rates and numerical errors made during score calculation. However the potential for recognition of a deteriorating patient should not be ignored. The future work of the authors intends to evaluate an electronic system for automatically calculating T&T scores within the ED environment.
Two Routes for Immobilization of a Hyperbranched OH‐Terminated Polyester on a Silicon Surface (2007)

Abstract Summary: Stable thin films of a hyperbranched aromatic‐aliphatic OH‐terminated polyester (POH) were prepared on silicon substrates. We report on grafting‐to processes using macromolecular (PGMA) and bifunctional low‐molecular weight coupling agents (BOX). An appropriate annealing procedure was developed for the covalent immobilization. The HBP films were characterized with spectroscopic ellipsometry, drop shape analysis (DSA), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrokinetic measurements. The immobilized films have an uniform surface morphology and are slightly hydrophilic ( θ a = 79°). The grafting process did not influence the chemical composition and the surface properties, which is important for the further application as functional layers in aqueous media.
New Technique for Calculating Correlations for Vacancy Diffusion (1962)

A method is described for calculating correlation factors for diffusion of vacancy-impurity pairs. The calculation is shown for the case in which the correlation is neglected unless the vacancy and impurity are nearest neighbors, but the correlations may have much longer ranges. The case of graphite-type structure is considered as an example. The method is applicable to both isotropic and anisotropic diffusion. (T.F.H.)
Flexible specialization versus post-Fordism: theory, evidence and policy implications (1991)

There is widespread agreement that something dramatic has been happening to the international economy over the past two decades: rapid and radical changes in production technology and industrial organization, a major restructuring of world markets, and consequent large-scale changes in the policies of economic management at the internahonal, national and regional levels. At the same time there is a great deal of confusion about how to characterize these changes, the mechanisms at work, and the policy implications for different groups of economic and political actors. One way of accomplishing these tasks is to postulate a change of basic manufacturing organization from a ‘Fordist’ pattern that prevailed in the years of the long post-1945 boom to a ‘post-Fordist’ successor in the later 1970s and 1980s. Many people habitually conflate three approaches to industrial change under this heading: flexible specialization, regulation theory, and a more diverse body of explicitly ‘post-Fordiit’ analyses. The resulting problem is that significant differences of approach are concealed bv a suerficial similaritv between the proponents of flezble specialization and a sit of adparently similar bbt underlyingly divergent ideas. The purpose of this paper is to examine systematically the differences between flexible specialization, regulation theory, and other variants of ‘post-Fordism’ with respect to their fundamental assumptions and theoretical architecture, their methodological approach and use of evidence, and their policy implications.
Performance evaluations of delta-sigma modulated voltage source inverter (1999)

The delta-sigma modulator is effectively applied to a voltage source inverter system with PWM pattern generating scheme. The major feature of delta-sigma modulator is the inherent nature of the spread spectrum characteristic in addition to simple configuration scheme. Besides, delta-sigma modulator can be considered as a sort of error amplifier. Using proposed delta-sigma modulator, an automatic amplitude control function can be realized. In this paper, the automatic amplitude control performance of a delta-sigma modulated voltage source inverter is presented. The results of computer simulation and FFT analysis indicate that the output influences due to DC source voltage variations in the input side of the inverter are sufficiently suppressed by introducing delta-sigma modulator. Furthermore, a possibility of system design simplification is described for the voltage-fed inverter in this paper.
Biochemical Analysis of Phytolacca DOPA Dioxygenase (2015)

The biochemical analysis of Phytolacca americana DOPA dioxygenases (PaDOD1 and PaDOD2) was carried out. The recombinant protein of PaDOD1 catalyzed the conversion of DOPA to betalamic acid, whereas DOD activity was not detected in PaDOD2 in vitro. While the reported motif conserved in DODs from betalain-producing plants was found in PaDOD1, a single amino acid residue alteration was detected in PaDOD2. A mutated PaDOD1 protein with a change of 177 Asn to Gly showed reduced specific activity compared with PaDOD1, while DOPA dioxygenase activity was not observed for a mutated PaDOD2 protein which had its conserved motif replaced with that of PaDOD. A three-dimensional (3D) structural model of PaDOD1 and PaDOD2 showed that the conserved motif in DODs was located in the N-terminal side of a loop, which was found close to the putative active site. The difference in stability of the loop may affect the enzymatic activity of PaDOD2.
Metrology tools for EUV-source characterization and optimization (2004)

The development of suitable radiation sources for extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) is a major challenge. For the optimization of these sources and for the determination of the parameters needed for the system design and the system integration these sources have to be characterized in terms of the absolute in-band power, the spectral distribution in the EUV spectral region and the out-of-band spectral regions, the spatial distribution of the emitting volume and the angular distribution of the emission. For improving the lifetime of such sources, generally accepted as one key risk with EUVL, another task, the debris emitted from sources under development has to be investigated. Therefore, JENOPTIK Mikrotechnik GmbH is co-operating with the Laser Laboratorium Goettingen, the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) and the AIXUV GmbH in developing ready-for-use metrology tools for EUVL source characterization and optimization. The set of the tools employed for EUV-source characterization is presented in detail as well as concepts for calibration and measurement procedures.
Vasodilator Effects of PGE1 in the Coronary and Systemic Circulation of the Rat are Mediated by ATP-Sensitive Potassium (K+) Channels (1995)

This study was undertaken to investigate the possible involvement of K+ channels in PGE1-mediated vasodilatation. The increase in coronary flow elicited by PGE1 in isolated working rat hearts was attenuated by phentolamine and glibenclamide, inhibitors of ATP-regulated K+ channels, whereas apamin and charybdotoxin, inhibitors of calcium-activated K+ channels, were ineffective. In the anaesthetized rat, the duration of the hypotensive action of PGE1 was markedly attenuated by glibenclamide. It is concluded that the vasodilatory action of PGE1 in the coronary and systemic circulation of the rat is, at least in part, mediated via an opening of ATP-sensitive K+ channels.
Reliability and Factorial Validity of the Cycling Tests among School Population (2011)

The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the newly constructed bike tests among non-selected school population. The total of 30 non-selected primary school pupils (mean age = 13 ± 0.6 years ; mean height = 162.35 ± 9.63 cm ; mean body mass = 54.47 ± 13.08 kg) participated in this study without previous involvement in any training process.. A total of six tests have been used. Three standardized tests for schools long jump from a place (LJP), bend gap (BG), raising trunk (RT) and three cycling tests cycling acceleration (CA), cycling polygon (CP), 1000 m time trial (C1000). Reliability coefficients for cycling tests CA α = 0.904, α = 0.978 CP. From a total of six tests, factor analysis resulted in two significant factors. The first factor explains 41.97% of the total variance and is defined as the cycling factor. The correlation coefficients of tests with the first factor CA =- 0.869, CP =- 0.849, and LJP = 0.692. The second factor explains 22.437% of the total variance and stands for the flexibility with the correlation between BG and other factors of 0.858. The results indicate that the tests are reliable and valid.
Excitonic Switches Operating at Around 100 K (2010)

We report on experimental proof of principle for the operation of excitonic switches at temperatures around 100 K. The devices include the exciton optoelectronic transistor, the excitonic bridge modulator, and the excitonic pinch-off modulator.
Standardless EDXRF Analysis of Cations in Ion-Exchange Resin-Impregnated Membranes (1986)

In steam-generating systems of all types, producing and testing pure water is of utmost importance for the life of the system. A 1000-MWe (megawatt electric) power plant generates 6 million pounds of steam per hour if fossil fueled and 11 million pounds per hour if nuclear. Should an impurity have a concentration of only 10 ppb, in a year's time, 550 to 1000 pounds of solids can accumulate in the power-generating cycle. These solids may initiate numerous problems, including preboiler-cycle corrosion, boiler-tube failure, and turbine damage. At the Babcock &amp; Wilcox (B&amp;W) Alliance (Ohio) Research Center and throughout the industry, three principal methods are used to monitor water chemistry. On-line continuous analyzers measure parameters such as pH, conductivity, chloride, and sodium. Grab sampling (followed by laboratory analysis) is used for parameters that are measured less frequently; for example, sulfate. For some parameters, such as corrosion products, special sampling techniques are required. This is because no on-line instruments are available, and grab-samples are not chemically stable. Corrosion products are collected near the sample tap using a 0.45-micron filter-disc followed by a stack of resin-impregnated membranes.
Rapid Fabrication Of Large Aspheric Optics (1986)

By combining efficient fabrication processes and advanced testing methods, a real production capability exists for the manufacture of large aspheric optics. Currently, a five-axis, computer-controlled optical surfacing (CCOS) unit is used for the rapid grinding and polishing of elements up to 4-m in size. This paper describes the processes and equipment in use today and concludes with a scenario for meeting the projected future fabrication needs.
A New Dual Chamber Single Lead System (1994)

A DDD pacing system normally requires the introduction and positioning of two separate electrode leads. A VDD system may use a single lead with a ventricular electrode at the tip and at least one atrial ring electrode. The disadvantage of VDD systems is that the full range of DDD stimulation and detection alternatives is not available. The present animal study was made to evaluate a new single lead design with the distal electrode placed in the atrium and the proximal ring electrode in the right ventricle. This design permits the full range of DDD options including atrial stimulation. Acute stimulation thresholds and sensing amplitudes were stable and comparable to conventional DDD systems. Long-term studies are on-going.
Potentiation of the chemotherapeutic effect of 5-fluorouracil by combination with guanosine 5'-monophosphate. (1983)

The chemotherapeutic effect of the 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP) combination in various mouse tumor systems was compared with that of 5-FU monotherapy. Antitumor activity of 5-FU against L-1210 leukemia was potentiated without increasing its toxicity to the host when GMP at 30-100 mg/kg/day was injected simultaneously with 5-FU. Any time interval between the administrations of 5-FU and GMP diminished the increase in survival. Moreover, the combination of 5-FU and GMP at 100 mg/kg/day produced marked antitumor effects in the P-388 leukemia, ascites sarcoma 180, and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma systems. GMP also potentiated the antitumor activity of 5-FU in solid tumor systems (adenocarcinoma 755 and Lewis lung carcinoma) when given by intravenous injection, but not intraperitoneal injection. The therapeutic effect of 5-FU on various murine tumors was markedly potentiated by GMP at 100 mg/kg/day or less without increasing the toxicity to the host.
Fault Tolerant Network on Chip Switching With Graceful Performance Degradation (2010)

The structural redundancy inherent to on-chip interconnection networks [networks on chip (NoC)] can be exploited by adaptive routing algorithms in order to provide connectivity even if network components are out of service due to faults, which will appear at an increasing rate with future chip technology nodes. This paper is based on a new, fine-grained functional fault model and a corresponding distributed fault diagnosis method that facilitate determining the fault status of individual NoC switches and their adjacent communication links. Whereas previous work on network fault-tolerance assume switches to be either available or fully out of service, we present a novel adaptive routing algorithm that employs the remaining functionality of partly defective switches. Using diagnostic information, transient faults are handled with a retransmission scheme that avoids the latency penalty of end-to-end repeat requests. Thereby, graceful degradation of NoC communication performance can be achieved even under high failure rates.
Series-Connected IGBTs Using Active Voltage Control Technique (2012)

With series insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) operation, well-matched gate drives will not ensure balanced dynamic voltage sharing between the switching devices. Rather, it is IGBT parasitic capacitances, mainly gate-to-collector capacitance <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">gc</sub> , that dominate transient voltage sharing. As <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">gc</sub> is collector voltage dependant and is significantly larger during the initial turn-off transition, it dominates IGBT dynamic voltage sharing. This paper presents an active control technique for series-connected IGBTs that allows their dynamic voltage transition <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dV</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ce</sub> /dt to adaptively vary. Both switch ON and OFF transitions are controlled to follow a predefined <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dV</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ce</sub> /dt. Switching losses associated with this technique are minimized by the adaptive dv/dt control technique incorporated into the design. A detailed description of the control circuits is presented in this paper. Experimental results with up to three series devices in a single-ended dc chopper circuit, operating at various low voltage and current levels, are used to illustrate the performance of the proposed technique.