gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distinct epitopes are recognized by cytolytic T lymphocyte clones on the same class I molecule: direct demonstration using DNA‐transfected targets and longterm cytolytic T cell clones (1984)

By producing long-term, stable, cytolytic T lymphocyte clones and utilizing targets expressing only a single gene product derived from the stimulator mouse strain, we have been able to directly demonstrate that T cells recognize distinct epitopes expressed on a single H-2 molecule. These multiple determinants are distinguishable by inhibition patterns with monoclonal antibodies (mAb). When two T cell clones, P-2.14 and P-2.17, are tested on an L cell transfected with the Dp gene (lambda 12a), the T cells kill the transfected targets as well as blasts derived from Dp mouse strains. mAb 7-16.10 inhibits recognition and killing of Dp targets by both P-2.14 and P-2.17. This mAb recognizes a private specificity H-2.m22. Interestingly mAb 11-20.3 which also recognizes the H-2.m22 specificity inhibits clone P-2.14 but not P-2.17. The mAb 7-16.10, however, competes with 11-20.3 for binding to the surface of L cells expressing the Dp gene. Thus the two T cells must recognize an overlapping specificity. Other mAb which bind to the H-2Dp molecule are unable to inhibit either of these two cytolytic T cell clones. Paradoxically, any of the mAb when tested individually are sufficient to inhibit the polyclonal response derived from in vitro mixed lymphocyte culture. Therefore, by using targets expressing only a single H-2 molecule derived by DNA-mediated gene transfer and cytolytic T cell clones we have been able to directly demonstrate the presence of multiple epitopes on a single molecule and define their inhibition with mAb directed to that same molecule.
Compact high power DPSS laser with very low RIN and phase noise for 1550nm wavelength band (2009)

The performance of analog photonic systems is strongly affected by laser power and noise. There are two components to the noise, intensity noise and phase noise. The phase noise directly impacts linewidth and can also be converted to intensity noise via wavelength sensitive components.
Contributions of mass spectrometry-based proteomics to defining cellular mechanisms and diagnostic markers for systemic lupus erythematosus (2012)

Systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex disease for which molecular diagnostics are limited and pathogenesis is not clearly understood. Important information is provided in this regard by identification and characterization of more specific molecular and cellular targets in SLE immune cells and target tissue and markers of early-onset and effective response to treatment of SLE complications. In recent years, advances in proteomic technologies and applications have facilitated such discoveries. Here we provide a review of insights into SLE pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment that have been provided by mass spectrometry-based proteomic approaches.
3,10‐Dimethoxyprotoberberines (1987)

Abstract Protoberberines with the unusual 3,10‐dimethoxy substitution are synthesized by photocyclization of E ‐and Z‐1‐ethylidene‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐6‐methoxy‐2‐(3‐methoxybenzoyl)isoquinolines.
KCNH2 pharmacogenomics summary (2010)

Oshiro, Connie; Thorn, Caroline F.; Roden, Dan M.; Klein, Teri E.; Altman, Russ B. Author Information
Biocompatible ferroelectric (Na,K)NbO3 nanofibers (2012)

Dense homogeneous textile composed from continuous bead-free sodium potassium niobate (NKN) nanofibers 100 μm long and 50-200 nm in diameter was sintered by sol-gel calcination assisted electrospinning. High resolution electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction revealed preferential cube-on-cube growth of fibers in [001] direction. Raman spectrum of NKN fibers contains all the features characteristic to electrically poled orthorhombic phase. In contrast to polycrystalline ceramics, it shows relative enhancement of the Raman cross section of isotropic A1g(ν1) mode compared with polar axis defined F2g(ν5) and Eg(ν2) vibrations. We interpret this as an evidence for superparaelectric state of NKN nanofibers. Spontaneous polarization inside highly crystalline nanofiber exists at room temperature though big distance between fibers prevents the settling of a net macroscopic polarization.
Effect of the Hardness on the Damages due to Rolling Contact of Back-up Roll Materials (1966)

Spalling of back-up rolls is a matter of great concern for both roll users and manufacturers because it makes the unit cost of a roll higher and gives unfavorable effect upon the surface of the rolled products.In order to make this problem clear, measurements of wear, temperature and mill load are required and further it seems to be desirable to test rolls in practical mills. But as these measurements and tests take much cost and long time, the short-cut to the solution of this problem will be to design and manufacture a test mill and to observe the development of the damages by reproducing the spalling on the model roll.There are many factors which affect the generation of spalling of back-up rolls from the standpoints of both application and materials and such factors seem to act on each other and to make the phenomena of spalling complex. Of these many factors, heat treatment of roll materials, especially their hardness, is considered to be the most important for the roll manufacturing.With the intention of clarifying the effect of the hardness of back-up roll materials on the damages due to rolling contact, a new 3-high rolling contact testing machine was designed and constructed.This testing machine consists of two hardend rolls (Hs 85∼90, 140mm_??_) and a specimen (70mm_??_) with 15mm effective width which is placed between these two hardened rolls and is rolled under various loads.“Damage index” was defined to evaluate the defects on the surface of a specimen by roll on roll under heavy load.The specimens are heated to 850°C and quenched in oil. Then they are tempered to various hardnesses.The rolling on roll test was carried out under 120kg/mm2 of Hertz maximum stress.The main results obtained are as follows:(1) As the hardness of materials become higher, resistan ceto rolling contact damages increases.(2) The surface layers of low hardness specimens are strengthend by rolling contact, so it seems to make the life of these specimens longer.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Lipids during Development of Bleomycin-induced Fibrosis in Rats: Relationship to Altered Epithelial Cell Morphology (1988)

Alterations in the structure and function of alveolar epithelial cells may contribute to the interstitial fibrosis that can develop following lung injury. The present studies were undertaken to determine if alterations observed in alveolar epithelial cell morphology and cytoskeletal composition are reflected in the profile of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) lipids recovered from injured lung. BAL protein and lipid analyses were performed on fluids recovered from control rats and from rats 7, 14, and 28 days after intratracheal instillation of bleomycin, an antineoplastic agent well-known to cause pulmonary interstitial fibrosis. There were increases in recovery of total protein, nonpolar lipid, polar lipid, and phospholipid following bleomycin treatment. The recovery of saturated phosphatidylcholine was increased, but recovery of a second surfactant phospholipid, phosphatidylglycerol, was unchanged, resulting in a significant change in their ratio. The recoveries of cholesterol, cholesterol ester, and triglyceride also were elevated. Changes in the proportional recoveries of neutral lipids, such as cholesterol and saturated phospholipids, could partly explain concurrent reductions in lung compliance that have been described. Changes in lavage lipids paralleled both the process of alveolar reepithelialization and altered expression of alveolar epithelial cell cytoskeletal proteins. Changes in lipid metabolism by alveolar epithelial cells following bleomycin-induced lung injury may be responsible for altered lavage lipid recovery and may directly be related to processes that take place during alveolar type II cell hyperplasia followed by transition to type I cells. BAL lipid analyses thus may provide a relatively noninvasive way of assessing these events.
Sub-Doppler cooling of neutral atoms in a grating magneto-optical trap (2013)

The grating magneto-optical trap (GMOT) requires only one beam and three planar diffraction gratings to form a cloud of cold atoms above the plane of the diffractors. Despite the complicated polarization arrangement, we demonstrate sub-Doppler cooling of Rb87 atoms to a temperature of 7.6(0.6)&#x2009;&#x2009;&#x3BC;K through a multistage, far-detuned GMOT in conjunction with optical molasses. A decomposition of the electric field into polarization components for this geometry does not yield a mapping onto standard sub-Doppler laser-cooling configurations. With numerical simulations, we find that the polarization composition of the GMOT optical field, which includes &#x3C3; and &#x3C0; polarized light, does produce sub-Doppler temperatures.
Intratumoral Chemotherapy (1995)

NEUROSURGERY PUBLICATIONS NEUROSURGERY OPERATIVE NEUROSURGERY NEUROSURGERY PRACTICE CNS.ORG NEUROSURGERY PUBLICATIONS NEUROSURGERY OPERATIVE NEUROSURGERY NEUROSURGERY PRACTICE CNS.ORG
The role of PI3Kα isoform in cardioprotection (2017)

Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) limits myocardial infarct size through the activation of the PI3K-Akt signal cascade; however, little is known about the roles of individual PI3K isoforms in cardioprotection. We aimed, therefore, to elucidate the role of the PI3Kα isoform in cardioprotection Pharmacological PI3Kα inhibition was assessed in isolated-perfused mouse hearts subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), either during the IPC procedure or at reperfusion. PI3Kα inhibition abrogated the IPC-induced protective effect at reperfusion, but not when given only during the IPC protocol. These results were confirmed in an in vivo model. Moreover, pharmacological PI3Kα activation by insulin at reperfusion was sufficient to confer cardioprotection against IRI. In addition, PI3Kα was shown to be expressed and activated in mouse cardiomyocytes, mouse cardiac endothelial cells, as well as in mouse and human heart tissue. Furthermore, PI3Kα was shown to mediate its effect though the inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. In conclusion, PI3Kα activity is required during the early reperfusion phase to reduce myocardial infarct size. This suggests that strategies specifically enhancing the α isoform of PI3K at reperfusion promote tissue salvage and as such, and could provide a direct target for clinical treatment of IRI.
Preparation of novel polymerizable diarylethene derivatives and their photochromic polymer films (2012)

Two new easily polymerizable dithienylethenes have been synthesized, analyzed and tested in polymerization. 1,2-Bis(5-ethylenyl-2-methylthien-3-yl)cyclopentene (DT1) and 1,2-bis(5-(2-methylprop-2-enoyl)-2-methylthien-3-yl)cyclopentene (DT2) (Figure) were obtained by incorporating polymerizable functional groups (ethyleneyl and methacryloyl) at the 5 and 5’ positions of the thiophene rings in a diarylethene structure. DT1 and DT2 displayed reversible color changes. Initially colorless DT1 and DT2 isomers turned to colored isomers by irradiating, respectively, with UV and visible light and the color disappeared upon removing the radiation source. The colorless open isomer of DT1 shows a maximum absorption at 269 nm which, upon irradiation with UV light, converts to the red colored, closed isomer. The spectral shift upon photoisomerization is about 248 nm and an isosbestic point is observed at 314 nm. The open ring isomer of colorless DT2 (λ max = 273 nm) turns in to yellow with a new peak appears at 373 nm upon irradiation at 300 nm. The isosbestic point of DT2 occurs at 264 nm indicate open-to-closed isomer conversion. Thermal stability, fatigue resistance and polymerizability of each were analyzed.  The synthesized dithienylethenes are thermochromic. Irradiated DT1  dithienylethene derivatives were stable for more than one month while irradiated DT2 derivative was only stable for 24 h. Organic photochromes need to be incorporated into a polymer matrix in order to make an efficient, durable optoelectronic device. Both derivatives can be easily incorporated into polymer matrixes either by photo-curing or radical polymerization. Polymeric materials incorporating DT derivatives also undergo reversible color change upon irradiation with UV and visible light, respectively.    Photopolymerization yields a polymer film containing the closed dithienylethene moiety that can be converted to its open form following irradiation with visible light. Free radical polymerization, on the other hand, results in a polymer with the dithienylethene in the open isomer, which can be converted to its closed isomer upon irradiation with UV light. The photochromic films were applied in an erasable, recording photonic mode. Keywords: Dithienylethenes / Photochromic / Thermal stability / Fatigue resistance Acknowledgement: K. M. T. D. Gunasekara is thankful to the McMaster Endowment for providing a fellowship.
Building anatomical models from CT and MRI scans for orthopedic preoperative planning and custom implant construction (2002)

Improved scanning and rapid prototyping methods make it possible to create anatomically correct models for preoperative planning and actual implantation. Methodology and challenges creating these models are discussed.
Structural Analysis of Septin 2, 6, and 7 Complexes (2006)

Mammalian septins comprise a family of 13 genes that encode GTP-binding proteins. Specific combinations of septins can hetero-oligomerize and form filaments in vivo and in vitro, by mechanisms that are not understood. Using fluorescence resonance energy transfer, size exclusion chromatography, and multi-angle light scattering techniques, we have characterized the conformation of a complex of filamentous human septins, Sept2, Sept6, and Sept7. We now show that Sept6 and Sept7 interact through a parallel coiled-coil, and that Sept2 interacts with Sept6 through their C-terminal domains. We have also been able to produce soluble, stable individual septins that behave as rod-like monomers and dimers. Taken together, these observations suggest that polymerized filaments could be comprised of laterally arranged septin core subunits.
Murine autoimmune hearing loss mediated by CD4+ T cells specific for inner ear peptides (2004)

Autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss (ASNHL) is characterized typically by bilateral, rapidly progressive hearing loss that responds therapeutically to corticosteroid treatment. Despite its name, data implicating autoimmunity in the etiopathogenesis of ASNHL have been limited, and targeted self-antigens have not been identified. In the current study we show that the inner ear-specific proteins cochlin and beta-tectorin are capable of targeting experimental autoimmune hearing loss (EAHL) in mice. Five weeks after immunization of SWXJ mice with either Coch 131-150 or beta-tectorin 71-90, auditory brainstem responses (ABR) showed significant hearing loss at all frequencies tested. Flow cytometry analysis showed that each peptide selectively activated CD4(+) T cells with a proinflammatory Th1-like phenotype. T cell mediation of EAHL was determined by showing significantly increased ABR thresholds 6 weeks after adoptive transfer of peptide-activated CD4(+) T cells into naive SWXJ recipients. Immunocytochemical analysis showed that leukocytic infiltration of inner ear tissues coincided with onset of hearing loss. Our study provides a contemporary mouse model for clarifying our understanding of ASNHL and facilitating the development of novel effective treatments for this clinical entity. Moreover, our data provide experimental confirmation that ASNHL may be a T cell-mediated organ-specific autoimmune disorder of the inner ear.
Effect of Operating Frequency on Spatial Features of the Inductively Coupled Plasma (2000)

An unambiguous comparison has been made of the spatial features of a 27.12 and a 40.68 MHz inductively coupled plasma. Experiments were carried out with a switchable-frequency, solid-state radio-frequency generator from the Leco 2000 system. Several features of analytical significance have been evaluated in a spatially resolved fashion. Results from optimization of the magnesium ion-to-atom (Mg II/Mg I) line-intensity ratio have been compared. The volume of the two discharges was estimated from molecular nitrogen-ion emission, and a spatially resolved map of the Fe(I) excitation temperature was determined by means of a Boltzmann analysis at each spatial location. Calcium and magnesium ion-to-atom line-intensity ratios have been calculated throughout both plasmas. Finally, limits of detection are presented. The results indicate that the plasma operated at 40.68 MHz provides slightly better figures of merit, although fundamental parameters suggest a lower degree of analyte excitation. This difference is explained by examining the results of a simulation of plasmas operated at 27.12 and 40.68 MHz.
SAR of 2,6‐Diamino‐3,5‐difluoropyridinyl Substituted Heterocycles as Novel p38 MAP Kinase Inhibitors (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Is Reliability of Cognitive Measures in Children Dependent on Participant Age? A Case Study with Two Large-Scale Datasets (2023)

When assessing children in laboratory experiments, the measured responses also contain task-irrelevant participant-level variability (“noise”) and measurement noise. Since experimental data are used to make inferences of development of cognitive capabilities with age, it is important to know if reliability of the used measurements depends on child age. Any systematic age-dependent changes in reliability could result in misleading developmental trajectories, as lower reliability will necessarily result in smaller effect sizes. This paper examines age-dependency of task-independent measurement variability in early childhood (3–40 months) by analyzing two large-scale datasets of participant-level experimental responses: the ManyBabies infant-directed speech preference (MB-IDS) dataset and a saccadic reaction time (SRT) dataset collected from rural South Africa. Analysis of participant- and study-level data reveals that MB-IDS shows comparable reliability across the included age range. In contrast, SRTs reflect systematically increasing measurement consistency with increasing age. Potential reasons and implications of this divergence are briefly discussed.
Monoclonal antibody FW6 defines an epitope on alpha 3/4-monofucosylated polylactosaminoglycans expressed by fetal and colon carcinoma-associated mucins. (1993)

A mouse IgM monoclonal antibody FW6 was established after immunization of mice with mucins from human amniotic fluid and was characterized with regard to its binding epitope. According to a series of biochemical criteria the epitope is located on O-linked neutral carbohydrates of M(r) 700,000 and M(r) 570,000 mucins in human amniotic fluid. The epitope is presumed to contain alpha 3/4-linked fucose and terminal beta 3/4-linked galactose that are labile to the fucosidase I from almond emulsion or to the galactosidase from bovine testes, respectively. Immunoreactive fractions of glycan alditols from human amniotic fluid mucins were partially characterized by fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry and methylation analysis to be composed of monofucosylated polylactosamine-type deca- or nonasaccharides. According to antibody competition studies, inhibition assays with defined carbohydrates and binding assays on neoglycolipids monoclonal antibody FW6 are presumed to recognize a novel epitope that is distinct from known carbohydrate markers of the Lex/Ley family associated with colonic carcinomas. The selective reactivity of this monoclonal antibody to the majority of human colonic carcinomas and its nonreactivity to normal colonic mucosa may render this antibody as a valuable tool in cancer diagnosis or cancer treatment.
Resistance of Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis Subspecies in the Field (1993)

Journal Article Resistance of Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis Subspecies in the Field Get access A. M. Shelton, A. M. Shelton Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. L. Robertson, J. L. Robertson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. D. Tang, J. D. Tang Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. Perez, C. Perez Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S. D. Eigenbrode, S. D. Eigenbrode 3 3Current address: Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92527. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. K. Preisler, H. K. Preisler Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. T. Wilsey, W. T. Wilsey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. J. Cooley R. J. Cooley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 86, Issue 3, 1 June 1993, Pages 697–705, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/86.3.697 Published: 01 June 1993 Article history Received: 27 October 1992 Accepted: 08 February 1993 Published: 01 June 1993
Stress, social rank and leukocyte telomere length (2006)

Blood leukocytes are a heterogeneous mixture of cell types whose telomere lengths differ greatly, reflecting variation in stem cell turnover and recruitment, expansion and replacement of more mature cell types as well as variable telomere loss and telomere repair. These differences in cell and telomere length dynamics, together with the evidence that telomere length is influenced strongly by genetic polymorphisms, greatly complicate the interpretation of claims that socio-economic status modulates the rate of telomere attrition.
Method for Small-Scale Production of Deuterochloroform (2018)

Deuterochloroform (CDCl<sub>3</sub>) is a common deuterated solvent for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. The synthesis of significant amounts of CDCl<sub>3</sub> for both research use and large undergraduate organic laboratories in a safe and inexpensive manner is appealing. Herein, we describe a convenient laboratory scale preparation of CDCl<sub>3</sub> that employs a reduction and decarboxylation of hexachloro-2-propanone (HCP) catalyzed by various pyridines. A PVP catalyst gives cleaner reaction and greater catalyst stability through multiple rounds of recycling, justifying its higher cost compared to pyridine.
Himbacine Derivatives and Synthetic Analogues (1963)

A series of derivatives was prepared for pharmacological testing from himbacine and dihydrohimbacine, the latter compound obtained by von Braun degradation of dihydrohimbacine. The Mannich reaction with acetylenic acetates was used for the preparation of tertiary amines for testing. It was found that much improved yields were obtained by addition of catalytic amounts of copper(I) chloride and copper bronze to the reaction mixture.