gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Berry-Phase Oscillations of the Kondo Effect in Single-Molecule Magnets (2006)

We show that it is possible to topologically induce or quench the Kondo resonance in the conductance of a single-molecule magnet (S>1/2) strongly coupled to metallic leads. This can be achieved by applying a magnetic field perpendicular to the molecule easy axis and works for both full- and half-integer spin cases. The effect is caused by the Berry-phase interference between two quantum tunneling paths of the molecule's spin. We have calculated the renormalized Berry-phase oscillations of the Kondo peaks as a function of the transverse magnetic field as well as the conductance of the molecule by means of the poor man's scaling method. We propose to use a new variety of the single-molecule magnet Ni4 for the experimental observation of this phenomenon.
Precision histology: how deep learning is poised to revitalize histomorphology for personalized cancer care (2017)

Accurate interpretation of the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slide has remained the foundation of pathological analysis and diagnostic medicine for over a century. It combines art and science to help triage and guide more focused and specialized ancillary studies. 3] Some have even proposed that given the exponential decrease in sequencing costs, medical assessment could effectively begin with wholegenome analysis. Here, we discuss the current state and the possible future of the H&E stain by highlighting some of its strengths and shortcomings. It may well be that the scrutiny that the H&E microscopic exam has faced in recent years 4 is no fault of its own, but the lack of effective approaches to routinely extract more of the rich morphologic information it contains.
Macropore formation in p-type silicon: toward the modeling of morphology (2014)

The formation of macropores in silicon during electrochemical etching processes has attracted much interest. Experimental evidences indicate that charge transport in silicon and in the electrolyte should realistically be taken into account in order to be able to describe the macropore morphology. However, up to now, none of the existing models has the requested degree of sophistication to reach such a goal. Therefore, we have undertaken the development of a mathematical model (phase-field model) to describe the motion and shape of the silicon/electrolyte interface during anodic dissolution. It is formulated in terms of the fundamental expression for the electrochemical potential and contains terms which describe the process of silicon dissolution during electrochemical attack in a hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution. It should allow us to explore the influence of the physical parameters on the etching process and to obtain the spatial profiles across the interface of various quantities of interest, such as the hole concentration, the current density, or the electrostatic potential. As a first step, we find that this model correctly describes the space charge region formed at the silicon side of the interface.
Lack of interaction between valaciclovir, the L‐valyl ester of aciclovir, and digoxin (1998)

No dosage adjustment is required when valaciclovir and digoxin are coadministered.
Experimental Nonpenetrating Transscleral Cyclodiathermy in Rabbits (1996)

Nonpenetrating CTCD results in focal destruction of the ciliary body in rabbits. The authors found that significant reduction in IOP was possible over the 4-week follow-up period in the Dutch-belted rabbits treated, with greater IOP and tissue effects at higher RF settings.
Gel permeation chromatography of polymers (1975)

Abstract The literature on gel permeation chromatography (GPC) is surveyed and briefly reviewed to provide a guide to some of the more important references, particularly those dealing with equipment and polymer molecular weight determination. A number of applications of GPC in the authors' laboratories are discussed in order to illustrate use of the GPC technique, with particular regard to its value in estimating low molecular weight substances present in polymers.
Coupled finite element modeling of piezothermoelastic materials (2007)

The governing equations of piezo-thermoelastic materials show full coupling between mechanical, electric, and temperature fields. It is often assumed in the literature that in high-frequency oscillations, the coupling between the temperature and mechanical displacement and electric field is small and, therefore, can be neglected. A solution for the temperature field is then determined from an uncoupled equation. A finite element (FE) model that accounts for full coupling between the mechanical, electric, and thermal fields, nonlinear constitutive behavior and heat generation resulting from dielectric losses under alternating driving fields is under development. This paper presents a linear fully coupled model as an early development of the fully coupled nonlinear FE model. In the linear model, a solution for all field variables is obtained simultaneously and compared with the uncoupled solution. The finite element model is based on the weighted-residual principle and uses 2-D four-node isoparametric finite elements with four degrees of freedom per node. A thin piezoelectric square disk is modeled to obtain some preliminary understanding of the coupled fields in a piezoelectric stack actuator.
Automated Calibration of High-Order Microring Filters (2015)

We demonstrate the automated calibration of a 5th-order silicon microring filter using an optimization algorithm. The procedure only requires a single input wavelength and was implemented on a microcontroller with simple ADC and DAC circuitry.
Nucleotide sequence analysis of a novel circovirus of canaries and its relationship to other members of the genus Circovirus of the family Circoviridae (2001)

The circular, single-stranded DNA genome of a novel circovirus of canaries, tentatively named canary circovirus (CaCV), was cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis indicated that the genome was 1952 nucleotides (nt) in size and had the potential to encode three viral proteins, including the putative capsid and replication-associated (Rep) proteins. The CaCV genome shared greatest sequence similarity (58.3% nt identity) with the newly characterized columbid circovirus (CoCV) and was more distantly related to the two porcine circovirus strains, PCV1 and PCV2, beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) and a recently isolated goose circovirus (GCV) isolate (46.8-50.9% nt identity). In common with other members of the Circovirus genus, several nt structures and amino acid motifs thought to be implicated in virus replication were identified on the putative viral strand. Phylogenetic analysis of both the capsid and Rep protein-coding regions provided further evidence that CaCV is more closely related to CoCV and BFDV and more distantly related to GCV, PCV1 and PCV2.
S742 A National Cohort of IBD Patients Exhibit Strong COVID-19 Safety Practice Beliefs (2021)

Introduction: Support for, and adherence to, public health recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic has been highly variable, challenging the country’s ability to control viral transmission. Two-thirds of the general population support social distancing and mask wearing but there is significant variation by demographic and trust in science (PMID 33734840). We sought to understand COVID-19 practice beliefs among vaccinated inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Methods: We administered a survey between December 2020 and June 2021 to adults with IBD subjects planning on receiving a COVID-19 vaccine and enrolled in the Coronavirus Risk Associations and Longitudinal Evaluation-IBD (CORALE-IBD) study. Subjects were asked to rate the effectiveness of 10 practices for keeping them safe from COVID-19 on a 5-point Likert scale. The sum of the values for each question was used to create a composite COVID-19 practice beliefs metric (maximum score of 50). Responses in which the participant believed the practice was at least “somewhat effective” were classified as a practice belief. We performed univariate analysis to assess differences in group means. Results: The cohort included 1496 subjects (Table 1). Mean composite belief scores were high 43.25 (IQR 40-50). Ninety-eight percent of subjects believed wearing a face mask and avoiding hospitals or clinics were effective strategies at mitigating COVID transmission. While, 85% of subjects believed temperature checks before entering a building were effective (Image 1). Females (43.64 vs 42.49; P = 0.01), those who were not infected with COVID-19 (43.44 vs 40.30; P = 0.001), and subjects who lost their job during the pandemic (44.36 vs 42.27(all comparisons); P < 0.001), had more stringent practice beliefs. There were no differences based on IBD type, ethnicity, income level or employment status. Conclusion: Variation in acceptance of public health messaging has been a barrier to viral containment during the COVID-19 pandemic. We show that, even during the later phases of reopening, this national cohort maintained consistently high belief in non-pharmacologic public health guidance. An opportunity remains to reassure patients that seeking medical care in clinics and hospitals is safe and should not be deferred. Practice beliefs in this cohort are higher than historical controls, but further comparisons are needed.Figure 1.: Persistence Among Crohn’s Disease Patients Using Biologics Over 2 Years of Follow-Up* *Variable gap definition: ADA 30 days; IFX, UST, VDZ: 120 days.Table 1.: Overall Dose Titration Among Crohn's Disease Patients Using Biologics Over 2 Years of Follow-up.
Preparation of a New Electro-optic Polymer Cross-Linkable via Copper-Free Thermal Huisgen Cyclo-Addition and Fabrication of Optical Waveguides by Reactive Ion Etching (2011)

High-quality trails of ridge waveguides were successfully fabricated using a new cross-linkable polymer (PCC01) by UV photolithography followed by Reactive-Ion Etching (RIE) process. The cross-linking reaction of PCC01 is based on the copper-free Huisgen cyclo-addition between an azide and an acetylene group. The new cross-linkable polymer (PCC01) consists of a structural modification of the previously described materials (Scarpaci et al. Polym. Chem.2011, 2, 157), because the ethynyl group is functionalized by a methyl group instead of the TMS protecting group. This feature prevents the formation of silica (SiO(2)) generated by trimethylsilyl groups and which was stopping the engraving process before completion. Herein, we describe the synthesis, the NLO characterizations, and the fabrication of a high-quality ridge waveguide with PCC01. The new cross-linkable polymer PCC01 not only solves the problems encountered with our previously described polymers, but also presents an enhancement of the electro-optic stability, because d(33) coefficients up to 30 pm/V stable at 150 °C were recorded.
Dual segmented Kalman filters based symbol timing recovery for low-SNR partial response data storage channels (2004)

We present a new tracking algorithm to perform timing recovery for low-SNR partial response data storage channels. This approach, designated "dual segmented Kalman filters based symbol timing recovery (DSK-STR)", is based on the conventional phase-locked loop (PLL) based timing recovery scheme. However, DSK-STR uses two intertwined PLLs and the gains of these PLLs are updated at each symbol instant according to a modified Kalman filter algorithm. The performance of DSK-STR is investigated via Monte-Carlo simulations and it is seen that DSK-STR offers a 3.5 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain over the conventional PLL-based timing recovery scheme for a target loss of lock rate of 1/spl times/10/sup -5/ in longitudinal magnetic recording channels.
Characterization of three monoclonal antibodies against C3 with selective specificities. (1987)

We raised 15 mouse monoclonal antibodies against human C3 from two separate fusions. Mouse plasmacytoma cells were fused with spleen cells from mice immunized either with a mixture of C3, C3b and C3c, or with a mixture of C3dg and C3d. Three of the 15 monoclonals were characterized in detail. N-7A reacted with native C3 as well as C3b and C3c. Two other monoclonals, C-5G and G-3E, recognized neoantigenic determinants on C3c and C3dg, respectively. In ELISA, C-5G reacted with C3b and C3c but not with native C3 nor with C3dg; and on the other hand G-3E reacted only with C3dg. The selective specificities of these monoclonals were further confirmed in a binding assay to C3 fragments formed on cellular intermediates. C-5G bound exclusively to EC3b, and G-3E bound to EiC3b, EC3dg and EC3d. N-7A bound only very poorly to EC3b. C-5G inhibited both the haemolytic activity of C5 convertase and also the CR1-mediated rosette formation of B-enriched peripheral mononuclear cells with EC3b. G-3E inhibited the CR2-mediated EC3dg-rosette formation of Raji cells. These monoclonals, with selective specificities, can distinguish the state of activation and degradation of the C3 molecule.
A Novel Online Signature Verification System Based on GMM Features in a DTW Framework (2016)

This paper presents a novel online signature verification system based on the extension of the traditional dynamic time warping (DTW) matching scheme. We propose the use of a set of features derived from a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) for the alignment of the signatures using DTW. These features aid in capturing signature-dependent characteristics of a user in the feature space with a probabilistic framework. In addition, we explore the characteristics of the warping path of DTW, by employing the proposed GMM features. We derive a score for the warping path, and fuse it to that of the DTW score for verifying the authenticity of a test signature. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first of its kind that uses the features of the GMM, a model-based classifier into the framework of the DTW technique for online signature verification. The experiments are conducted on the publicly available MCYT database for both common and user thresholds. The results obtained are promising over prior works for this database.
Growth factors and melanomas. (1996)

Understanding the growth constraints imposed on normal human melanocytes may help to elucidate the processes conferring growth advantage to melanoma cells. Several synergistic growth factors have been identified for normal human melanocytes. They include fibroblast growth factors (FGF), hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, mast/stem cell growth factor, and the neuropeptides endothelin-1, 2 and 3 (ET-1, ET-2, ET-3). From this group of peptides, only basic FGF (bFGF/FGF2) appears, so far, to play a role in autonomous growth of melanoma cells. Aberrant expression of FGF2 is due to activation of an otherwise repressed gene by a mechanism that may involve the transcriptional activity of wild-type p53. The growth factors and activated receptors aberrantly expressed in melanoma cells act in concert with molecules that control cell cycle progression. These proteins bind to, and regulate cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK), such as CDK4, responsible for phosphorylation of retinoblastoma (RB) and dissociation of RB-E2F1 inhibitory complexes, thereby allowing progression through the cell cycle. Constitutive CDK4 activity in melanomas may be the results of inactivation of the negative regulators known as CDK inhibitor p16INK4, and/or p21; and/or overexpression of cyclin D, the positive CDK4 regulator. This complex set of changes in melanoma cells can lift growth constraints by inducing unregulated expression of genes promoting transition from GI to S phase of the cell cycle.
A Security Scoring Framework to Quantify Security in Cyber-Physical Systems (2021)

The need to achieve a suitable level of security in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) presents a major challenge for engineers. The unpredictable communication of highly constrained, but safety-relevant systems in a heterogeneous environment, significantly impacts the number and severity of vulnerabilities. Consequently, if security-related weaknesses can successfully be exploited by attackers, the functionality of critical infrastructure could be denied or malfunction. This might consequently threaten life or leak sensitive information. A toolkit to quantitatively express security is essential for security engineers in order to define security-enhancing measurements. For this purpose, security scoring frameworks, like the established Common Vulnerability Scoring System can be used. However, existing security scoring frameworks may not be able to handle the proposed challenges and characteristics of CPS. Therefore, in this work, we aim to elaborate a security scoring system that is tailored to the needs of CPS. In detail, we analyze security on a System-of-Systems level, while considering multiple attacks, as well as potential side effects to other security-related objects. The positive effects of integrated mitigation concepts should also be abbreviated by our proposed security score. Additionally, we generate the security score for interacting AUTOSAR platforms in a highly-connected Vehicle-to-everything (V2x) environment. We refer to this highly relevant use case scenario to underline the benefits of our proposed scoring framework and to prove its effectiveness in CPS.
Cerebral 5-HT2A Receptor and Serotonin Transporter Binding in Humans Are Not Affected by the val66met BDNF Polymorphism Status or Blood BDNF Levels (2010)

Recent studies have proposed an interrelation between the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) val66met polymorphism and the serotonin system. In this study, we investigated whether the BDNF val66met polymorphism or blood BDNF levels are associated with cerebral 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A (5-HT(2A)) receptor or serotonin transporter (SERT) binding in healthy subjects. No statistically significant differences in 5-HT(2A) receptor or SERT binding were found between the val/val and met carriers, nor were blood BDNF values associated with SERT binding or 5-HT(2A) receptor binding. In conclusion, val66met BDNF polymorphism status is not associated with changes in the serotonergic system. Moreover, BDNF levels in blood do not correlate with either 5-HT(2A) or SERT binding.
Miscibility enhancement in polymers via ionic interactions: Dynamic mechanical and NMR studies (1988)

Abstract The presence of ionic interactions can be used to control the degree of miscibility of otherwise immiscible polymer systems. This control, in turn, allows one to prepare blends with a very wide range of “tailor‐made” properties. Several examples are cited. In some of these, the interactions are based on proton transfer from a donor site on one polymer to an aceptor site on another leading to ion‐ion interactions. In others, the transfer of a metal cation from an ionomer to a polar polymer, as a result of ion‐dipole interactions, is involved. Systems studied to date include, among others, mixtures of polystyrene with poly(ethyl acrylate), polyisoprene, segmented poly urethanes, poly(ethyleneimine), and poly(ethylene oxide). The polyurethane blends with polystyrene are discussed in some detail, focussing especially on the mechanism of miscibility enhancement as determined by NMR. This technique has also been utilised to study the dynamics of the coil overlap process in solution as well as the proximity of the polymer coils to each other. Two particularly noteworthy applications involve mixtures of poly (tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) or of phenylated poly(phenylene oxide) with poly (ethyl acrylate), which are also discussed in some detail. Blends of this type may be of special interest in membrane applications.
Using light scattering to measure the response of individual ultrasound contrast microbubbles subjected to pulsed ultrasound in vitro (2004)

Light scattering was used to measure the radial pulsations of individual ultrasound contrast microbubbles subjected to pulsed ultrasound. Highly diluted Optison or Sonazoid microbubbles were injected into either a water bath or an aqueous solution containing small quantities of xanthan gum. Individual microbubbles were insonified by ultrasound pulses from either a commercial diagnostic ultrasound machine or a single element transducer. The instantaneous response curves of the microbubbles were measured. Linear and nonlinear microbubble oscillations were observed. Good agreement was obtained by fitting a bubble dynamics model to the data. The pulse-to-pulse evolution of individual microbubbles was investigated, the results of which suggest that the shell can be semipermeable, and possibly weaken with subsequent pulses. There is a high potential that light scattering can be used to optimize diagnostic ultrasound techniques, understand microbubble evolution, and obtain specific information about shell parameters.
Sistema meccanico per il controllo continuo di alzata valvole (2010)

L’invenzione consiste in un meccanismo finalizzato a ottenere la variazione controllabile dell’ampiezza di un moto che può essere riconducibile ad una rotazione o ad una traslazione. Tale risultato è ottenuto mediante l’imposizione di un moto di traslazione assiale di un membro (già in moto di rotazione su tale asse) riconducibile ad un albero a camme troco-coniche eccentriche. La trasmissione del movimento ai membri cedenti del meccanismo è affidata a contatti fra le parti tronco coniche in roto-traslazione e i mezzi bilancieri opportunamente conformati per ottimizzare il contatto (superficie di contatto riconducibile ad una porzione di cilindro, eventualmente mantenuta a contatto con il rispettivo volume tronco conico, tramite l’impiego di un membro elastico).
Precise Fabrication of Wall Structure onto Thin Plate End with Interlayer Temperature Monitoring on Wire and Arc-based Additive Manufacturing (2017)

The goal of this study was to perform additive fabrication onto the thin end of a plate using wire and arc-based additive manufacturing to repair turbine blades using Inconel 718. We investigated the relationship between lamination conditions and lamination width by fabricating a wall structure while maintaining a constant interlayer temperature. Results clarified that the lamination width is determined uniquely from a combination of wire feed speed and torch feed speed. By back calculating the combination of these two speeds from the target lamination width, we were able to roughly fabricate a wall structure with the target lamination width onto a thin plate end with a thickness of 1 mm or more.
A distributed hydrological model in the Heihe River basin and its potential for estimating the required irrigation water (2016)

A Grid-based Integrated Surface–Groundwater Model (GISMOD) was developed to estimate the required irrigation water using a control-site method. The entire catchment is divided into multiple grid cells of equal size, and several grid cells can be chosen as the control sites by users in this model. The grid cells from the upper stream of each control site, which have a land-use type of farmland, are automatically identified as a controlled grid cell. The crop information around each controlled grid cell is set to be the same as its corresponding control site. Next, the irrigation water requirement for each controlled grid cell is calculated using a crop coefficient method that is integrated into the human water-use module of the GISMOD. After runoff is generated, the actual discharge of each control site is computed by comparing the available water sources with the irrigation water requirement based on the water-supply operation rules of the model. This paper subsequently presents a case study in the upper-middle reaches of the Heihe River to evaluate the performance of the GISMOD. The results demonstrate that the actual water consumption for irrigation in the Heihe River basin could be generally estimated by the GISMOD on a monthly basis.