gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Fall in Blood Pressure on Reduction of Sodium Intake in Essential Hypertension is Related to a Decreased Response of the Renin System: Evidence Using Saralasin (1981)

Conference Abstract| September 01 1981 The Fall in Blood Pressure on Reduction of Sodium Intake in Essential Hypertension is Related to a Decreased Response of the Renin System: Evidence Using Saralasin P.S. Parfrey; P.S. Parfrey 1Dept. of Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road, London. W6 8RF Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar N.D. Markandu; N.D. Markandu 1Dept. of Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road, London. W6 8RF Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J.E. Roulston; J.E. Roulston 1Dept. of Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road, London. W6 8RF Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar G.A. MacGregor G.A. MacGregor 1Dept. of Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road, London. W6 8RF Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (1981) 61 (3): 21P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs061021P Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation P.S. Parfrey, N.D. Markandu, J.E. Roulston, G.A. MacGregor; The Fall in Blood Pressure on Reduction of Sodium Intake in Essential Hypertension is Related to a Decreased Response of the Renin System: Evidence Using Saralasin. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 September 1981; 61 (3): 21P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs061021P Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1981 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1981 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS OF TIME- RESOLVED, OPTICAL READOUT DETECTOR for PULSED, FAST-NEUTRON TRANSMISSION SPECTROSCOPY (PFNTS) (2006)

Over the past two years, we have developed and tested an efficient, large-area, sub-mm spatial- resolution, fast-neutron imaging system with time-of-flight spectroscopic capability. The detector is based on a 30 mm thick scintillating fiber screen viewed by a time-gated optical readout, described in another contribution to this conference. In order to analyze key parameters affecting detector performance, Monte-Carlo simulations using the GEANT 3.21 code were performed. To characterize the intrinsic spatial resolution of the scintillating fiber screen, a neutron transmission image of a steel mask containing a series of slits with various widths, pitch and thicknesses was simulated. The point spread function of the scintillating fiber screen was determined by exposure to an infinitesimally narrow neutron beam, incident perpendicular to the surface, calculating the spatial distribution of the energy deposited by the protons in the screen fibers. The energy distribution of the (n,p) protons produced in the screen and the amount of scintillation light subsequently created were also calculated. All the above simulations were performed for 3 neutron energies (2, 7.5 and 14 MeV). For the detector tests performed at the PTB cyclotron, the neutron beam-line geometry was simulated as accurately as possible, in order to calculate the contribution of neutron scatter as well as gamma rays and to enable a comparison with the experimental results.
Tumor immunotherapy: inching toward the finish line (2002)

Despite significant advances in therapy for early-stage cancer, the prognosis for most advanced-stage tumors remains little changed over the past 50 years (1). A vast array of novel strategies has been introduced over this period, many of them building on a recent explosion of insights into tumor immunology. Early attempts at cancer immunotherapy focused on IL-2 or other T cell–activating cytokines that were intended to expand the number or potency of T cells specific for tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). Such activated T cells were expected to infiltrate the tumor and lead to the specific destruction of tumor cells. Although these attempts to boost antitumor immunity have yielded some limited examples of tumor regression, they have failed so far to control advanced-stage disease to a significant extent (2).

Effective T cell activation depends on the presentation of TAAs by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as macrophages, fibroblasts, B cells, or dendritic cells (DCs). Of these, only DCs can prime naive T cells, inducing their differentiation into antigen-specific effector cells. This feature, which was recognized early on, could potentially make DCs ideal agents for promoting TAA-specific immunity. Until recently, however, the rarity of these cells and the inability to cultivate them in large numbers hampered progress in this field. The development of techniques by which DCs can be differentiated ex vivo in large numbers revolutionized their study (3) and led to human trials that demonstrated the beneficial effects of TAA-expressing DCs, at least for some tumors (2, 3). The report of Heiser et al. in this issue of the JCI (4) now provides additional encouraging clinical data that confirm the promise of DC-based immunotherapy.
Terahertz narrowband absorber based on miniaturized elements (2016)

This paper presents the design of a narrowband absorber for millimeter wave and terahertz applications. The narrowband performance of the absorber is verified through full-wave electromagnetic simulations. The results show 1.25% fractional bandwidth for more than 90% absorption around a center frequency of 0.3 THz at normal incidence. Additionally, the miniaturized elements exhibit a small change in the absorption with respect to the angle of the incident electromagnetic wave. This narrowband absorber can be implemented to suppress multipath signals for a particular band in terahertz communications. It can be also implemented for narrowband terahertz detectors.
Dense target signal processing (1991)

The problem of determining the density of targets at every range and velocity is addressed. These targets consist of a dense group of reflecting objects moving with different velocities and at different ranges. The problem of how to choose the outgoing signals and process the echoes of those signals from the targets to determine the density function is discussed. The problem is a classical inverse problem. The objective is to reconstruct a function of two variables (range and velocity) from limited information. Two schemes are given. The first of these methods modifies the method of J.R. Klauder et al. (1960) to the case of signals with a large range of frequency components (wideband signals). The second is an improvement on the first that uses a formula of I. Khalil (1974) from affine group theory. Numerical solutions support the conclusions. The method has applications in echocardiography, radar, sonar and fluid flow measurement.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Slit-lamp adapted, video-correlated real-time optical coherence tomography of the anterior segment (2002)

We present a slit-lamp adapted optical coherence tomography (OCT) system capable of imaging the entire anterior segment of the eye in real time. Non-linear scan methods and automated anterior chamber dimension determination are also presented.
A full CMOS voltage regulating circuit for bioimplantable applications (2005)

In this paper, we present the design of a voltage regulating circuit in a 0.18mum standard CMOS process. A full wave rectifier is designed to generate an unregulated dc voltage. A low drop out (LDO) series voltage regulator converts the unregulated voltage to a clean DC supply voltage. A new closed loop and very reliable power-on-reset circuit along with its design procedure is presented. The circuit is primarily for biomedical implants, but it is also suitable for other voltage regulator application
Pairwise Constrained Clustering with Group Similarity-Based Patterns (2010)

Conventional k-means only considers pair wise similarity during cluster assignment, which aims to minimizing the distance of points to their nearest cluster centroids. In high dimensional space like document datasets, however, two points may be nearest neighbors without belonging to the same class. Thus pair wise similarity alone is often insufficient for class prediction in such space. To that end, in this paper, we propose to augment k-means with pair wise constraints generated from group similarity-based hyper clique patterns, which consist of strongly affiliated objects and serve as more reliable seeds for classification. Experiments with real-world datasets show that, with such constraints from quality hyper clique patterns, we can improve the clustering results in terms of various external criteria. Also, our experiments indicate that even if few constraints are violated in the original result of k-means, imposing many quality constraints may still bring gain of performance.
In-vivo quantitative T2 mapping of carotid arteries in atherosclerotic patients: segmentation and T2 measurement of plaque components (2013)

This carotid CMR study shows the potential of in-vivo T2 mapping for atherosclerotic plaque characterization. Agreement between AHA plaque types classified by T2 maps (+TOF) and by conventional multicontrast CMR was good, and T2 measured in-vivo in LRNC, fibrous tissue and recent IPH demonstrated the ability to discriminate plaque components on T2 maps.
Pharmacologic inhibition of CDK4/6: mechanistic evidence for selective activity or acquired resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (2007)

Entry into the cell cycle is mediated by cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) activation, followed by CDK2 activation. We found that pharmacologic inhibition of the Flt3 internal tandem duplication (ITD), a mutated receptor tyrosine kinase commonly found in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), led to the down-regulation of cyclin D2 and D3 followed by retinoblastoma protein (pRb) dephosphorylation and G(1) cell-cycle arrest. This implicated the D-cyclin-CDK4/6 complex as a downstream effector of Flt3 ITD signaling. Indeed, single-agent PD0332991, a selective CDK4/6 inhibitor, caused sustained cell-cycle arrest in Flt3 ITD AML cell lines and prolonged survival in an in vivo model of Flt3 ITD AML. PD0332991 caused an initial cell-cycle arrest in well-established Flt3 wild-type (wt) AML cell lines, but this was overcome by down-regulation of p27(Kip) and reactivation of CDK2. This acquired resistance was not observed in a Flt3 ITD and a Flt3 wt sample from a patient with primary AML. In summary, the mechanism of cell-cycle arrest after treatment of Flt3 ITD AML with a Flt3 inhibitor involves down-regulation of cyclin D2 and D3. As such, CDK4/6 can be a therapeutic target in Flt3 ITD AML but also in primary Flt3 wt AML. Finally, acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibition can arise through activation CDK2.
Hydration for recreational sport and physical activity (2012)

This review presents recommendations for fluid needs and hydration assessment for recreational activity. Fluid needs are based on sweat losses, dependent on intensity and duration of the activity, and will vary among individuals. Prolonged aerobic activity is adversely influenced by dehydration, and heat exposure will magnify this effect. Fluid needs predicted for running 5-42 km at recreational paces show that fluid losses are <2% body mass; thus, aggressive fluid replacement may not be necessary. Competitive paces result in greater fluid losses and greater fluid needs. Fluid needs for recreational activity may be low; however, carbohydrate consumption (sport drinks, gels, bars) can benefit high-intensity (≤ 1 h) and less-intense, long-duration activity (≥ 1 h). Spot measures of urine color or urine-specific gravity to assess hydration status have limitations. First morning urine concentration and body mass with gross thirst perception can be simple ways to assess hydration status.
Malondialdehyde adducts in DNA arrest transcription by T7 RNA polymerase and mammalian RNA polymerase II (2004)

Malondialdehyde, a genotoxic byproduct of lipid peroxidation, reacts with guanine in DNA to form pyrimido[1,2-alpha]purin-10(3H)one (M(1)dG), the first endogenous DNA lesion found to be a target of nucleotide excision repair enzymes. A subpathway of nucleotide excision repair, transcription-coupled repair, is thought to occur when RNA polymerase (RNAP) is arrested at damage in transcribed DNA strands and might function for efficient removal of M(1)dG in active genes. Results presented here show that M(1)dG and its stable, exocyclic analog 1,N(2)-propanodeoxyguanine (PdG), arrest translocation of T7 RNAP and mammalian RNAPII when located in the transcribed strand of a DNA template. M(1)dG paired with thymine is exocyclic and poses a stronger block to transcription than the acyclic N(2)-(3-oxo-1-propenyl)-dG, formed upon cytosine-catalyzed opening of M(1)dG in duplex DNA. PdG is a complete block to RNAPII regardless of base pairing. The elongation factor TFIIS (SII) induces reversal and RNA transcript cleavage by RNAPII arrested at PdG. Thus, arrested RNAPII complexes may be stable at M(1)dG in cells and may resume transcription once the offending adduct is removed. The conclusion from this work is that malondialdehyde adducts in the transcribed strand of expressed genes are strong blocks to RNAPs and are targets for cellular transcription-coupled repair. If so, then M(1)dG, already known to be highly mutagenic in human cells, also may contribute to apoptosis in the developing tissues of individuals with Cockayne's syndrome, a hereditary disorder characterized by transcription-coupled repair deficiency.
A Colleague Lost, a Call to Arms, and a Plan for Battle (2001)

It is unclear that medical dermatology, particularly in academic medical centers (AMCs), will survive the current destructive economic forces. This article uses the format of a morbidity and mortality (M&M) conference to discuss the actual recent departure of a medical dermatologist from academic medicine. The survival strategies used by this individual are described. Mechanisms to support academic medical dermatologists include seeing patients (not viable if all the patients are complicated medical dermatology patients), Veteran Administration (VA) staff positions, investigator-initiated translational research funded by the government or foundations, pharmaceutically sponsored trials, and performing more lucrative cosmetic or surgical procedures to support the less lucrative medical dermatology. As the M&M case illustrates, these mechanisms are no longer sufficient to sustain most medical dermatologists in academic medical centers. The case is not a history of any of the authors, nor is it a composite, but it does contain key, instructive features shared by many promising, productive individuals who reluctantly leave or contemplate leaving academic medicine against their will.
Mininet-WiFi: Emulating software-defined wireless networks (2015)

As the density of wireless networks continues to grow with more clients, more base stations, and more traffic, designing cost-effective wireless solutions with efficient resource usage and ease to manage is an increasing challenging task due to the overall system complexity. A number of vendors offer scalable and high-performance wireless networks but at a high cost and commonly as a single-vendor solution, limiting the ability to innovate after roll-out. Recent Software-Defined Networking (SDN) approaches propose new means for network virtualization and programmability advancing the way networks can be designed and operated, including user-defined features and customized behaviour even at run-time. However, means for rapid prototyping and experimental evaluation of SDN for wireless environments are not yet available. This paper introduces Mininet-WiFi as a tool to emulate wireless OpenFlow/SDN scenarios allowing high-fidelity experiments that replicate real networking environments. Mininet-WiFi augments the well-known Mininet emulator with virtual wireless stations and access points while keeping the original SDN capabilities and the lightweight virtualization software architecture. We elaborate on the potential applications of Mininet-Wifi and discuss the benefits and current limitations. Two use cases based on IEEE 802.11 demonstrate available functionality in our open source developments.
Rapid determination of antigenic epitopes in human NGAL using NMR (2010)

The recent remarkable rise in biomedical applications of antibodies and their recombinant constructs has shifted the interest in determination of antigenic epitopes in target proteins from the areas of protein science and molecular immunology to the vast fields of modern biotechnology. In this article, we demonstrated that measuring binding induced changes in two-dimensional NMR spectra enables rapid determination of antibody binding footprints on target protein antigens. Such epitopes recognized by six high-affinity monoclonal murine antibodies (mAbs) against human neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were determined by measuring chemical shifts or broadening of peaks in (1)H-(15)N-TROSY HSQC and (1)H-(13)C HSQC spectra of isotope-labeled NGAL occurring upon its binding to the antibodies. Locations of the epitopes defined by the NMR studies are in good agreement with the results of antibody binding pairing observed by dual-color fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy. In all six cases, the antibodies recognize conformational epitopes in regions of relatively rigid structure on the protein. None of the antibodies interact with the more flexible funnel-like opening of the NGAL calyx. All determined epitope areas in NGAL reflect the dimensions of respective antibody binding surface (paratopes) and contain amino acid residues that provide strong interactions. This NMR-based approach offers comprehensive information on antigenic epitopes and can be applied to numerous protein targets of diagnostic or therapeutic interest.
Paternal Uniparental Heterodisomy With Partial Isodisomy of Chromosome 1 in a Patient With Retinitis Pigmentosa Without Hearing Loss and a Missense Mutation in the Usher Syndrome Type II Gene USH2A (2002)

The genetic counseling of families with recessively inherited eye diseases must take into consideration the possibility that an unaffected heterozygous carrier can have an affected offspring homozygous for the same mutation, even if the carrier's spouse has wild-type alleles at the disease locus.
Enabling Transient Electronics with Degradation on Demand via Light-Responsive Encapsulation of a Hydrogel–Oxide Bilayer (2018)

Physically transient electronics, which can disappear under certain conditions in aqueous solutions or biofluids, has attracted increasing attention because of its potential applications as "green" electronics and biomedical devices. Till now, the excitation of the transient process is achieved by passive dissolution of the encapsulation layer, which has a very limited control over the process. Here, we report a novel light-triggered encapsulation strategy via a bilayer of a light-responsive hydrogel and oxide to control the degradation on demand in aqueous environment. The hydrogel serving as a barrier between the environment and oxide limited the water's movement and penetration, leading to improved stable operation time. More importantly, the light-responsive hydrogel underwent a gel-to-solution transition upon applying ultraviolet (UV) light. The drastic change of the water movement enabled a transient process triggered on demand. Via this encapsulation scheme, we demonstrated fully soluble resistors and resistive random access memory devices with the UV light-triggered transient process. This work provides a new pathway to design transient devices with controllable degradation to meet various requirements of green electronics and biomedical devices.
A New Formulation for Volume-of-Fluid Simulations of Drops on Solid Surfaces: Inclusion of Adhesion Force (2013)

The capillary forces acting on a sessile drop placed on a solid surface has two basic components: (1) the Laplace pressure (LP) due to the curvature of the liquid-gas interface, and (2) the Surface Tension Force (STF) as a concentrated force acting at the three-phase contact line. STF can be thought of adhesion force for a drop placed on a solid surface. To date, Volume-of-Fluid (VoF) simulations of drops on solid surfaces have only considered LP, and ignored the STF. Ignoring the STF can lead to incorrect description of the physics for systems involving sessile drops (e.g. shedding of a drop from a surface) especially when capillary and external (e.g. inertial) forces are of the same order of magnitude. Continuum Surface Force (CSF) method is widely used in VoF to model the LP. By modifying the CSF implementation at the contact line, we have added the STF to the VoF formulation. Two case studies, i.e. water drops on an inclined surface and a sessile drop exposed to a shearing airflow are considered. When the STF was ignored, a drop placed on an inclined surface moved at an unrealistically low inclination (e.g. 1 degree for a system with considerable contact angle hysteresis of 10-30 deg.). Same unrealistic motion for the drop was observed when exposed to very low air velocities. Inclusion of the STF corrected both of these unphysical outcomes. A discussion of various systems with different wettabilities (adhesion force values) for each of the two case studies will be provided and comparisons with experiments will be presented.
FROM BIOREFINERY BY-PRODUCT TO BIORESINS. THERMOSETS BASED ON HUMINS AND EPOXIDIZED LINSEED OIL (2019)

Resource depletion is one of the hardest challenges facing humanity today. Reuse, repurposing and waste management are valid strategies in order to relieve some of the pressure on natural resources. For the first time, in this work, we propose to study the properties of bioresins synthesized by the combination of a lignocellulosic based by-product, humins (Hu), and a vegetable resourced comonomer, epoxidized linseed oil (ELO). The copolymerization of these two bio-based products was conducted with the help of a common hardener, Capcure. The synthesized bioresins display a range of mechanical properties, from elastomers to rigid thermosets, showing their ability for industrial applications.
Multi-dimensional signal approximation with sparse structured priors using split Bregman iterations (2016)

This paper addresses the structurally-constrained sparse decomposition of multi-dimensional signals onto overcomplete families of vectors, called dictionaries. The contribution of the paper is threefold. Firstly, a generic spatio-temporal regularization term is designed and used together with the standard $\ell_1$ regularization term to enforce a sparse decomposition preserving the spatio-temporal structure of the signal. Secondly, an optimization algorithm based on the split Bregman approach is proposed to handle the associated optimization problem, and its convergence is analyzed. Our well-founded approach yields same accuracy as the other algorithms at the state-of-the-art, with significant gains in terms of convergence speed. Thirdly, the empirical validation of the approach on artificial and real-world problems demonstrates the generality and effectiveness of the method. On artificial problems, the proposed regularization subsumes the Total Variation minimization and recovers the expected decomposition. On the real-world problem of electro-encephalography brainwave decomposition, the approach outperforms similar approaches in terms of P300 evoked potentials detection, using structured spatial priors to guide the decomposition.