gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Birth from cryopreserved embryos following in-vitro maturation of oocytes and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (1997)

This case report describes the birth of a baby following the transfer of cryopreserved embryos generated from intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) carried out on the second day after oocyte pick-up of in-vitro-matured metaphase I and germinal vesicle stage oocytes. The couple had a history of three failed intrauterine insemination attempts and reduced fertilization rates in two previous in-vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. In the IVF-ICSI treatment cycle, 6/11 mature oocytes became fertilized following ICSI on the first day. However, the patient failed to conceive following the transfer of three embryos. Five oocytes were immature (two at metaphase I stage and three with a germinal vesicle) and these were cultured overnight. All had extruded a polar body by the following day and ICSI was therefore performed; four oocytes became fertilized, and were cryopreserved at the pronulear stage in propanediol. In the next treatment cycle, transfer of frozen embryos was planned. The pronuclear zygotes were thawed and cultured for 24 h prior to the transfer of two embryos in a cycle stimulated with low doses of follicle stimulating hormone. This resulted in a pregnancy and the delivery of a healthy baby boy. In-vitro maturation of metaphase I and germinal vesicle oocytes which are routinely collected in IVF-ICSI cycles, followed by second day ICSI fertilization, may provide a valuable source of embryos for infertile couples.
C. Korea (2010)

In 2010, the Korean government first made an effort to promote a co-operative relationship with other countries bilaterally and regionally for the protection of the environment. First, it concluded memoranda of understandings (MOU) on environmental co-operation with two Latin American countries. Under the MOU with Costa Rica, which was concluded on 6 December, the parties agreed to co-operate in the area of biological diversity and resources, climate change, water quality management, treatment of sewage, waste management, the recycling of energy, and so on. The MOU with Ecuador, which was concluded on 9 September, contained similar provisions. Second, the Korean minister of environment had ministerial meetings with two countries. At the meeting with Russia on 13 May, the ministers discussed the restoration of endangered species and the protection of natural resources. The two ministers also agreed to conclude an MOU on the restoration of nature and on the disposal...
Integrated Expansion Planning of Gas-Electricity System: A Case Study in Iran (2018)

Gas-fired power plants are a connation between gas and electricity networks which are growing in installation due to their high efficiency rates and flexibilities. The main purpose of this paper is to adjust integrated expansion planning of gas-electricity system. In integrated expansion planning it is assumed that a central entity such as Ministry of Energy is responsible for the expansion of both gas and electricity networks. Results of the proposed method are examined in Khorasan province of Iran as a realistic case study which has a high penetration level of gas-driven units. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, results are compared with those of an independent expansion planning method. Also sensitivity to load level growth forecast is analyzed.
Development of Smart Charging Scheduling and Power Management Strategy of a PV-ESS based Scalable EV Charging Station (2022)

This paper describes smart power management and charging scheduling strategy for a multiple port electric vehicle (EV) charging station, connected to battery storage systems and renewable energy sources. The charging station can charge different types of EVs, like electric scooters and passenger cars at different power levels. The energy management optimizes the usage of the power sources to fulfill the charging demand by analyzing the overall load demand, the electricity tariff, and the information provided by the EV user. The station's control system is set up to satisfy the charging demand primarily with a solar photovoltaic (PV) array and an energy storage system (ESS) as a battery. In the case of PV power generation and battery power shortage, it draws power from the grid to fulfill the charging demand. Additionally, a charging scheduling strategy is described in this paper in which the charging current setpoint for each charger is estimated by an optimization process in the local charger controller. The overall system management and charging scheduling are simulated and verified in the MATLAB/Simulink environment.
Overdischarge Detection and Prevention With Temperature Monitoring of Li-Ion Batteries and Linear Regression-Based Machine Learning (2021)

Abstract This work focuses on the use of linear regression analysis-based machine learning for the prediction of the end of discharge of a prismatic Li-ion cell. The cell temperature was recorded during the cycling of Li-ion cells and the relation between the open circuit voltage (OCV) and cell temperature was used in the development of the linear regression-based machine learning algorithm. The peak temperature was selected as the indicator of battery end of discharge. A battery management system (BMS) using a pyboard microcontroller was constructed to monitor the temperature of the cell under test and was also used to control a MOSFET that acted as a switch to disconnect the cell from the circuit. The method used an initial 10 charge and discharge cycles at a rate of 1C as the training data, then another charge and discharge cycle for the testing data. During the test cycling, the discharge was continued beyond the cutoff voltage to initiate an overdischarge while the temperature of the cell was continuously monitored. When the temperature of the cell exceeded the predetermined threshold, the pyboard triggered the MOSFET to disconnect the cell and stop the overdischarge. The experiment was performed on three different cells, and the overdischarge for each was secured within 0.1 V of the cutoff voltage. The results of these experiments show that a linear regression-based analysis can be implemented to detect an overdischarge condition of a cell based on the anticipated peak temperature during discharge.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of New Anti‐Tubulin Ligands Through a Dual‐Mode, Addition—Elimination Reaction to a Bromo‐Substituted α,β‐Unsaturated Sulfoxide. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A concise guide to polymer nomenclature for authors of papers and reports in polymer science and technology (IUPAC Technical Report) (2020)

Abstract This brief Technical Report summarizes the key points on the nomenclature of macromolecules and polymers.
Unsupervised Similarity Learning from Textual Data (2012)

This paper presents a research on the construction of a new unsupervised model for learning a semantic similarity measure from text corpora. Two main components of the model are a semantic interpreter of texts and a similarity function whose properti
Task variables in violin bowing: Influence on variability of bow and bowing limb movement (2016)

To achieve expressive musical results in violin bowing, performers access wide ranges of combined musical tone loudness and duration variables. By comparison, allowable mechanical variability in bow stroke execution may be limited. Such constraints on string bowing variability similarly might limit variability of bowing limb movement. Constrained variability may carry risk of upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore if musical and/or bowing-execution variables influence bowing limb movement variability, they may in turn influence risk of cumulative injury in the player.&#13;\n&#13;\nIn two experimental studies we examined the influence of the musical variables of duration and sound intensity (loudness) on variability in both string bowing mechanical variables and bowing limb joint moments (i.e. rotational forces) and joint angle trajectories. Five violinists performed playing tasks in which bow strokes varied across four levels of duration and three levels of loudness. Given a constant-amplitude bow stroke, quiet, brief strokes and loud, long strokes had to be executed close to the lower and upper limits of permissible bow-on-string force (bow force). In Study #1, we computed one- and three-dimensional bow movement variance measures, in both kinematic (bow velocity across violin string, distance from bow-to-bridge) and kinetic (bow force) variables. In Study #2 we computed the cycle-to-cycle standard deviation of joint moments and angles for each moment and angular degree of freedom in the bowing limb. In each study, these variability measures were compared across the 12 experimental conditions.&#13;\n&#13;\nWe hypothesized that variability would be lowest when executing quiet/brief and loud/long strokes, compared to strokes that could be executed further from bow force limits. However, it was also anticipated that variability instead could be influenced most strongly by bow and/or limb velocity, magnitude of bow force, and/or bowed-string loudness response properties. Results from both studies indicated that variability in both bow-on-string and limb movement was conditioned on these latter properties: tone duration and loudness exerted consistent effects on variances and standard deviations. Contradicting the main hypothesis, variability was not influenced by proximity to bow force limits. We conclude that bowing variability is constrained mainly by factors not specific to variability tolerance at the bow-violin string interface.
Experimental and modeling of carbonate formation in the effluent of oxygen delignification (2007)

Abstract A quantitative model of carbonate formation in the effluent of one‐stage oxygen delignification for a softwood kraft pulp was developed and experimentally validated. This model quantitatively described carbonate formation in the effluent of oxygen delignified SW kraft pulps and its kinetic characteristics. It could be used as an approach to predict pulp kappa numbers in the solid phase (fiber) from carbonate content in the liquid phase (filtrate). From the kinetic behavior of carbonate formation and its relationship to pulp kappa number, a control strategy was suggested. Constant kappa number curves used for parameter selection were developed to achieve target pulp kappa number while retaining pulp viscosity and total fiber charge properties. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2007.
THE INFLUENCE OF SOIL MOISTURE, NITROGEN FERTILIZATION, AND TEMPERATURE ON QUALITY AND AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF THATCHER WHEAT (1963)

The protein content of Thatcher wheat grown in the growth chamber was increased by reduced water supply, nitrogen fertilization, and higher air temperatures. Soil moisture conditions had a greater influence on protein content at higher temperatures, while the largest responses to nitrogen fertilization were obtained at the medium moisture level. Changes in sedimentation value and mixing time were associated with protein content except for plants grown at 62°F. Apparently the low temperature had an adverse effect on gluten quality.The relative distribution of 9 amino acids was significantly correlated with changes in grain protein content. Only 6 amino acids gave similar high correlations with flour protein content and sedimentation value. These differences are explained on the basis of changes in the morphology of the wheat grain and the proportion of flour proteins.
Functional categorization of unique expressed sequence tags obtained from the yeast-like growth phase of the elm pathogen Ophiostoma novo-ulmi (2011)

This is the first large-scale study of the O. novo-ulmi transcriptome. The expression profile obtained from the yeast-like growth phase of this species will facilitate a multigenic approach to gene expression studies to assess their role in the determination of pathogenicity for this species. The identification and evaluation of gene targets in such studies will be a prerequisite to the development of biological control strategies for this pathogen.
Role of Antibodies in Protection Against Ebola Virus in Nonhuman Primates Immunized With Three Vaccine Platforms (2018)

These findings suggest key quantitative and qualitative attributes of antibody response to EVD vaccines as potential correlates of protection.
Zoonotic aspects of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) (2005)

Pathogens that are transmitted between the environment, wildlife, livestock and humans represent major challenges for the protection of human and domestic animal health, the economic sustainability of agriculture, and the conservation of wildlife. Among such pathogens, the genus Mycobacterium is well represented by M. bovis, the etiological agent of bovine tuberculosis, M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis (Map) the etiological agent of Johne disease, M. avium ssp. avium (Maa) and in a few common cases by other emergent environmental mycobacteria. Epidemiologic surveys performed in Europe, North America and New Zealand have demonstrated the existence and importance of environmental and wildlife reservoirs of mycobacterial infections that limit the attempts of disease control programmes. The aim of this review is to examine the zoonotic aspects of mycobacteria transmitted from the environment and wildlife. This work is focused on the species of two main groups of mycobacteria classified as important pathogens for humans and animals: first, M. bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, which belongs to the M. tuberculosis complex and has a broad host range including wildlife, captive wildlife, domestic livestock, non-human primates and humans; the second group examined, is the M. avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) which includes M. avium ssp. avium causing major health problems in AIDS patients and M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis the etiological agent of Johne disease in cattle and identified in patients with Crohn disease. MAC agents, in addition to a broad host range, are environmental mycobacteria found in numerous biotopes including the soil, water, aerosols, protozoa, deep litter and fresh tropical vegetation. This review examines the possible reservoirs of these pathogens in the environment and in wildlife, their role as sources of infection in humans and animals and their health impact on humans. The possibilities of control and management programmes for these mycobacterial infections are examined with regards to the importance of their natural reservoirs.
Revisiting minimum cost reliable routing in wireless mesh networks (2007)

We revisit the problem of computing the path with the minimum cost in terms of the expected number of link layer retransmissions in wireless mesh networks. Unlike previous efforts (such as the popular ETX) we account for the fact that link layer protocols (such as the IEEE 802.11 MAC) incorporate a non-zero but finite number of retransmission attempts per packet. A key observation that motivates this work is that the performance of a path depends not only on the number of links on the path and their qualities, but also on the relative positions of the links on the path. In particular, the closer a lossy link to the destination, the higher is its impact on the performance of that path. We design a new path metricthat captures all of the above factors and we call this metric ETOP. In this paper, we provide a synopsis of the analytical computation of ETOP. We also implement a routing strategy based on ETOP on a 25-node experimental testbed and provide sample results to showcase the performance with ETOP.
Vibrational properties and diffusion of hydrogen on graphene (2009)

Hydrogen and deuterium chemisorption on a single layer of graphene has been studied by path-integral molecular-dynamics simulations. Finite-temperature properties of these point defects were analyzed in the range from 200 to 1500 K by using a tight-binding potential fitted to density-functional calculations. On one hand, vibrational properties of the adatoms are studied at their equilibrium positions linked to C atoms. The vibrations display an appreciable anharmonicity, as derived from the comparison between kinetic and potential energies, as well as between vibrational energy for hydrogen and deuterium. On the other hand, the adatom motion has been studied by quantum transition-state theory. At room temperature, quantum effects are found to enhance the hydrogen diffusivity on the graphene sheet by a factor of 20.
Complete Research Paper: Implementation of an Introductory Module on Biogeotechnics in a Freshman Engineering Course (2018)

Abstract This Complete Research paper will describe a one-lesson instructional module introducing biogeotechnical engineering that has been developed for use in freshman-level introduction to engineering courses. The primary aims in developing the module were to educate incoming engineering students regarding the field of biogeotechnics and motivate them to pursue it further. Expanding research and innovation in this emerging area requires providing students with an understanding of the principles of this new paradigm for developing sustainable solutions in geotechnical engineering applications. Field trials of the instructional module, which included pre- and post-assessments, were conducted in two sections of a freshman engineering course at a large southwestern university in the United States. Formative evaluation data were collected regarding student knowledge gains and attitudes. Both the overall gain in technical knowledge and positive attitudes toward the field of biogeotechnical engineering were reflected in participant responses. With the advent and development of this new field, this work represents a pioneering effort in the biogeotechnical engineering education space. Looking ahead, the study will also contribute toward longitudinal research in understanding the best practices of interdisciplinary approaches to developing engineering instruction.
Identification of Primary Initiation Sites for DNA Replication in the Hamster Dihydrofolate Reductase Gene Initiation Zone (1998)

Mammalian replication origins appear paradoxical. While some studies conclude that initiation occurs bidirectionally from specific loci, others conclude that initiation occurs at many sites distributed throughout large DNA regions. To clarify this issue, the relative number of early replication bubbles was determined at 26 sites in a 110-kb locus containing the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)-encoding gene in CHO cells; 19 sites were located within an 11-kb sequence containing ori-beta. The ratio of approximately 0.8-kb nascent DNA strands to nonreplicated DNA at each site was quantified by competitive PCR. Nascent DNA was defined either as DNA that was labeled by incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine in vivo or as RNA-primed DNA that was resistant to lambda-exonuclease. Two primary initiation sites were identified within the 12-kb region, where two-dimensional gel electrophoresis previously detected a high frequency of replication bubbles. A sharp peak of nascent DNA occurred at the ori-beta origin of bidirectional replication where initiation events were 12 times more frequent than at distal sequences. A second peak occurred 5 kb downstream at a previously unrecognized origin (ori-beta'). Thus, the DHFR gene initiation zone contains at least three primary initiation sites (ori-beta, ori-beta', and ori-gamma), suggesting that initiation zones in mammals, like those in fission yeast, consist of multiple replication origins.
Development of a Control Strategy for a Semi-Active Differential for a High Performance Vehicle (2007)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;While VDC systems usually operate on the engine torque and on brake pressures, new automotive applications try to use semi-active or active differentials in order to optimize the torque distribution on the wheels for traction maximization, driving comfort, stability and safety of the vehicle. The system presented in the paper comes out from the cooperation of Ferrari S.p.A. and Politecnico di Milano in the development of a new semi-active differential. In the paper a description of the vehicle dynamic control strategy, its development, and experimental results are given.&lt;/div&gt;
딥러닝을 이용한 스윙 시퀀스 영상 기반 3차원 골프 스윙 분석 (2019)

빠르게 움직이는 골프 스윙 동작을 인간의 눈으로 평가하고 분석하는 것은 평가하는 사람의 주관에 따라 크게 달라질 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 최근 영상 인식 분야에서 좋은 성능을 나타내고 있는 딥러닝 기술을 이용해 단일 카메라 기반 스윙 분석 시스템의 한계를 극복하고, 3차원의 정량적 정보 추출 및 분석 방법을 연구한다. 먼저, 합성곱 신경망을 이용해 시퀀스 영상의 특징을 추출하고, 스윙 구간을 분류한다. 스윙 구간 정보를 갖는 시퀀스 특징은 양방향 장단기 메모리 기반의 스윙 분석 모델의 입력으로 사용되며, 바디-스웨이, 헤드-업, X-factor 분석을 수행한다. 각 분석 모델을 통한 스윙의 정량적 상태 예측 결과, 상체의 움직임 예측 RMSE 4.23, 머리 움직임 예측 RMSE 5.18, X-factor 예측 결과 RMSE 3.86의 성능으로 나타났다. 이 결과로 2차원 정면의 시퀀스 영상을 기반으로 3차원의 정량적 골프 스윙 분석이 가능함을 확인하였다.
Patient-Specific MRI-Based Right Ventricle Models Using Different Zero-Load Diastole and Systole Geometries for Better Cardiac Stress and Strain Calculations and Pulmonary Valve Replacement Surgical Outcome Predictions (2016)

The new 2G model may be able to provide more accurate ventricular stress and strain calculations for potential clinical applications. Combining morphological and mechanical parameters may provide better predictions for post PVR outcome.
Understanding Microbial Multi-Species Symbioses (2016)

Lichens are commonly recognized as a symbiotic association of a fungus and a chlorophyll containing partner, either green algae or cyanobacteria, or both. The fungus provides a suitable habitat for the partner, which provides photosynthetically fixed carbon as energy source for the system. The evolutionary result of the self-sustaining partnership is a unique joint structure, the lichen thallus, which is indispensable for fungal sexual reproduction. The classical view of a dual symbiosis has been challenged by recent microbiome research, which revealed host-specific bacterial microbiomes. The recent results about bacterial associations with lichens symbioses corroborate their notion as a multi-species symbiosis. Multi-omics approaches have provided evidence for functional contribution by the bacterial microbiome to the entire lichen meta-organism while various abiotic and biotic factors can additionally influence the bacterial community structure. Results of current research also suggest that neighboring ecological niches influence the composition of the lichen bacterial microbiome. Specificity and functions are here reviewed based on these recent findings, converging to a holistic view of bacterial roles in lichens. Finally we propose that the lichen thallus has also evolved to function as a smart harvester of bacterial symbionts. We suggest that lichens represent an ideal model to study multi-species symbiosis, using the recently available omics tools and other cutting edge methods.
Experimental validation of source quantification methods using a rigid spherical microphone array (2020)

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