gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Numerical wave simulation for interactive audio-visual applications (2016)

Sound is an integral part of many interactive applications, such as 3D computer games. The generality and complexity of the simulated domains makes wave simulation a natural fit. The opposing goals of real-time execution and compute intensiveness of wave simulation provide a rich ground for designing novel computational methods. Two instances of such audio-visual interactive techniques will be discussed. The first technique employs precomputed wave simulation for providing acoustic effects in computer games. Time-domain 3D simulation is performed from many prospective player positions, resulting in a 7D field containing billions of acoustic responses. Perceptual encoding is then performed to drastically reduce memory requirements. Interactive motion of player and sources in the game can then be accommodated via quickly decoding and auralizing the pre-calculated wave effects. The second technique explores the limits of real-time parallel numerical acoustic computation on today's desktop graphics cards. The user is presented with a 2D “sandbox” environment for designing virtual 2D musical wind instruments that are instantly simulated in real-time for the entire human auditory bandwidth. Instrument shape editing and performance via manipulating tone-holes/valves can be done on-the-fly. Video demonstrations of both techniques will be shown along with a discussion of the core technical ideas.
Thickness-Dependent Dielectric Screening in Few-Layer Phosphorus (2023)

The dielectric screening plays a critical role in determining the fundamental electronic properties in semiconductor devices. In this work, we report a noncontact and spatially resolved method, based on Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), to obtain the inherent dielectric screening of black phosphorus (BP) and violet phosphorus (VP) as a function of the thickness. Interestingly, the dielectric constant of VP and BP flakes increases monotonically and then saturates to the bulk value, which is consistent with our first-principles calculations. The dielectric screening in VP has a much weaker dependence on the number of layers. This could be ascribed to a strong electron orbital overlap between two adjacent layers of VP, resulting in a strong interlayer coupling. The findings of our work are significant both for fundamental studies of dielectric screening and for more technical applications in nanoelectronic devices based on layered 2D materials.
Fish inspection system using a parallel neural network chip and image knowledge builder application (2007)

A generic image learning system, CogniSight, is being used for the inspection of fishes before filleting offshore. More than thirty systems have been deployed on seven fishing vessels in Norway and Iceland over the past three years. Each CogniSight uses four neural network chips (a total of 312 neurons) based on a natively parallel hardwired architecture performing real time learning and non-linear classification (RBF). These systems are trained by the ship crew using Image Knowledge Builder, a ”show and tell” interface for easy training and validation. Fishermen can reinforce the learning at anytime when needed. The use of CogniSight has reduced significantly the number of crewmembers on the boats (by up to six persons) and the time at sea has shortened by 15%. The prompt and strong return of the investment to the fishing fleet has increased significantly the market shares of Pisces Industries, the company integrating CogniSight systems to its filleting machines.
Substitution of Ca2+ in Calcite by Sn2+ and Sr2+ cations through ion exchange characterized by X-ray absorption and photoelectron spectroscopies (2021)

Abstract Tin (Sn 2+ ) and strontium (Sr 2+ ), two potential alternatives to lead (Pb 2+ ) in perovskite formation, were explored in transforming calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) into a leaving group in a cation exchange reaction. This is the first part of a sequential ion exchange process in transforming calcite into a Pb-free perovskite material for perovskite solar cell applications. Calcite, a polymorph of CaCO 3 , was successfully transformed into strontianite (SrCO 3 ) through a cation exchange reaction. In the Sn substitution reaction on the other hand, no SnCO 3 formation was noted. Instead, oxides of Sn were formed. The wider spaces in between Ca 2+ cations in (100) orientation account for the higher atomic Sn 2+ and Sr 2+ concentrations as compared to (001) orientation, where the cation movement is restricted. X-ray absorption and photoelectron spectroscopies were used to investigate the ion-exchange transformation of calcite towards the formation of an intermediate carbonate material. Graphic abstract
In vivo studies on the antileishmanial activity of buparvaquone and its prodrugs (2007)

The introduction of a topical formulation, such as buparvaquone (or its prodrug), would be a significant advance for the treatment of simple cutaneous lesions. In particular, the avoidance of the parenteral antimonials would greatly increase patient compliance and reduce treatment costs.
PROCESSING WILTED ALFALFA WITH CROP PROCESSING ROLLS ON A PULL-TYPE FORAGE HARVESTER (2000)

Crop processors on forage harvesters have become readily available and widely used by North Americanlivestock producers. Past research has shown that intensive mechanical processing at the time of cutting can improve thefiber digestibility of alfalfa and grasses, and questions have surfaced as to the potential effectiveness of a crop processoron a forage harvester to also improve the animal utilization of wilted forages. Processing wilted alfalfa with cropprocessing rolls was effective in increasing the level of plant tissue disruption, as quantified by leachate conductivity, bymore than 30% in all cases and similarly reduced particle-size from the theoretical-length-of-cut. Processed materialwas visibly darker and more bruised than control treatments. Processor roll clearance and cutterhead theoretical-length-of-cut had a greater effect on crop physical properties than did processing roll speed difference. Processingwilted alfalfa increased harvester energy requirements by 36 to 113% depending upon crop moisture and the feedingcharacteristics of the processing rolls as affected by the aggressiveness of the tooth profile. Processing wilted alfalfaincreased the crops in situ dry matter disappearance at 12 and 24 h by greater than six percentage units and increasedthe instantly soluble fraction by up to seven percentage units. However, processed alfalfa did not affect lactationperformance of Holstein dairy cows.
Antioxidative Activity and Chemical Characteristics of Leaf and Fruit Extracts from Thuja orientalis (2011)

측백나무 잎 및 열매 물, 에탄올 및 메탄올 추출물의 생리활성 물질(총 폴리페놀 화합물, 플라보노이드, 미네랄, 지방산 조성) 분석과 항산화 활성(DPPH free radical scavenging 활성, Cu/Fe-환원력, 간 조직 microsome 생체막 및 linoleic acid 과산화지질)을 측정하였다. 측백나무 잎의 메탄올 추출물에서 추출 수율(12.90%), 폴리페놀 화합물(16.02%) 및 플라보노이드(0.25%) 함량이 가장 높았다. 측백나무 잎 및 열매의 주요 미네랄은 Ca, K, 및 Mg이었다. 측백나무 잎의 주요 지방산은 palmitic acid 및 lauric acid였으며, 열매는 palmitic acid 및 decanoic acid가 높은 함량을 보였다. DPPH free radical scavenging 활성, Cu/Fe-환원력, 간 조직 microsome 생체막 및 linoleic acid의 과산화 지질 측정에 의한 항산화 활성은 측백나무 열매보다는 잎 추출물에서 높았으며, 시료 처리 농도 의존적으로 활성이 증가되는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 실험 결과에서 측백나무 잎의 메탄올 추출물에서 높은 항산화 활성이 있었으며, 이는 폴리페놀 화합물과 플라보노이드와 같은 항산화 활성을 나타내는 생리활성 성분을 많이 함유하고 있는 것으로 나타나 향후 건강기능식품이나 화장품의 천연 항산화제 소재개발에 유용하게 사용될 것으로 사료된다. The contents of bioactive materials (e.g. polyphenolics compounds, flavonoids, minerals, and fatty acids) and antioxidative activities (DPPH (<TEX>${\alpha}$</TEX>,<TEX>${\alpha}$</TEX>'-diphenyl-<TEX>${\beta}$</TEX>-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging activity, peroxidation of linoleic acid and rat hepatocyte microsome, and Fe/Cu reducing power) were tested by in vitro experimental models using water, ethanol and methanol extracts of leaves (TOL) and fruits (TOF) from Thuja orientalis. Methanol extract from TOL showed the highest extraction yield (12.90%) as well as contents of polyphenolic compounds (16.02%) and flavonoids (0.25%). Major minerals were Ca, K, and Mg. Major fatty acids were palmitic and lauric acids in TOL and palmitic and decanoic acids in TOF. In oxidation of in vitro models using DPPH free radical scavenging activity, Fe/Cu reducing power, <TEX>$Fe^{2+}$</TEX>/ascorbate-induced linolenic acid peroxidation by ferric thiocyanate and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods, and autooxidation of rat hepatic microsomes membrane, anti-oxidative activities were stronger in all extracts of TOL than in those of TOF in a dose-dependent manner. From these results, methanol extract of TOL was shown to have the most potent anti-oxidative properties and the highes content of antioxidative compounds such as polyphenolic compounds and flavonoids.
The influence of functional orthodontics and mandibular sagittal split advancement osteotomy on dental and skeletal variables--a comparative cephalometric study (2006)

Lateral head films of 200 Class II patients (106 females, 94 males) with a mean pre-treatment age range of 9.9-10.25 years successfully treated with functional orthodontics were analysed before (T1) and after (T2) treatment. The resulting data and findings were compared with lateral head films (T1, T2) of 20 patients (15 females, five males) with a mean pre-treatment age of 25.75 years whose Class II malocclusion and antero-posterior jaw discrepancy had been corrected by a mandibular sagittal split advancement osteotomy. The median and interquartile distances were calculated for every variable, at T1 and T2. The difference between the medians (T2-T1) was analysed using a signed rank test. The changes in scattering (T2-T1) were assessed by means of a F-test. Significant differences regarding the therapeutic influence on skeletal [ANB, Wits, Index, mandibular line-nasal line (ML-NL)], functional (beta', mu), and dental (1-NA degrees , 1-NB degrees ) variables were found. In the group initially treated with functional appliances in order to enhance mandibular prognathism, the antero-posterior (A-P) jaw discrepancy was reduced (ANB, Wits). The vertical skeletal pattern (Index) changed towards a more skeletal open relationship, whereas the ML-NL angle was reduced, which indicates a deepening of the bite. The comparison between biomechanical incisor position analysis (beta', mu) and dental variables (1-NA degrees , 1-NB degrees ) revealed different changes in incisor inclination depending on the type of analysis used. The findings for the dental variables (1-NA degrees , 1-NB degrees ) showed a protrusion of both upper and lower incisors after therapy. The results for the functional variables (beta', mu) showed a retrusion of the upper and a protrusion of the lower incisors. This change in incisor inclination is a dental compensation of the remaining sagittal jaw discrepancy. This effect is most clearly reflected by the functional analysis and the changes of the biomechanical variables beta' and mu. For the orthognathic surgery group, a clear improvement in the dental and skeletal relationship was observed: the skeletal discrepancies in the A-P plane were completely corrected (ANB, Wits) and the inclination of the incisors according to biomechanical and functional aspects was optimized (beta', mu).The alteration in both the Index and ML-NL angle in this group indicated an increase of the open bite components.
T09-P-04 Efficacy of ED treatment with PDE5-inhibitors in the Italian real clinical practice contest: longitudinal data from the EDOS study (2008)

EDOS is an observational perspective study enrolling patients affected by Erectile Dysfunction wishing to receive a treatment. The study has been performed in the real clinical practice contest, and clinicians were free to prescribe any therapy for ED and to change therapy in each moment. A significative percentage of patients continue to assume the starting treatment. These subgroups allow a comparison analysis about efficacy of the different treatments employed. 1419 men, that spontaneously asked to their GP or to a specialist to start a treatment for ED or to change their ongoing therapy, were enrolled; 714 completed the 6months therapy assuming the baseline prescribed drug, in a continuous way: Tadalafil (n=535), Sildenafil (n=75), Vardenafil (n=66), other drugs or non pharmacological treatment(n=38). Efficacy was assessed by the IIEF-Questions 6,7,14; time concerns’ domains, spontaneous behavior and self-confidence of SFPAIRS; EDITS-Question1; SI-Questions 1,2; GAQ1,2. Patients reported the longer gap between drug's assumption and the moment in which they could start their intercourse. To compare the treatment groups,a multivariate analysis adjusted to the basal differences has been used. In terms of patient's efficacy,satisfaction,self confidence and spontaneous behavior, there are no statistically significant differences. The time concerns domain of the SF-PAIRS is highly improved in Tadalafil: the gap elapsed between assuming drug and the intercourse was 21.4hours with Tadalafil, 6.6hours with Sildenafil and 7.7hours with Vardenafil. The present observational study confirms that the PDE5-Is having no real differences in terms of efficacy. Tadalafil is, however, characterized for its lasting efficacy that determines a better impact concerning the anxiety of planning an intercourse and completing it before the drug's time of action is over.
Reliability, construct and concurrent validity of a smartphone-based cognition test in multiple sclerosis (2021)

Self-administered smartphone-adapted SDMT scores were reliable and different between patients who were CI, CP and HC and demonstrated concurrent validity in assessing information processing speed.
A study of stratified sampling in variance reduction techniques for parametric yield estimation (2002)

In the literature, several variance reduction techniques in Monte Carlo circuit yield estimation have been described, e.g., stratified sampling. In this contribution the theoretical aspects of partitioning scheme of the tolerance region in stratified sampling is presented. To the best of our knowledge, this problem was not previously studied in parametric yield estimator. The proposed stratified sampling Monte Carlo yield estimator has always a smaller or equal variance with respect to Primitive Monte Carlo (PMC) yield estimator.
Écoconception des aliments, bioproduits, bioprocédés et procédés alimentaires (2026)

Découvrez une démarche d’écoconception visant à améliorer la performance environnementale des bioproduits, bioprocédés et procédés alimentaires. Ces derniers interviennent à la fois pour les impacts environnementaux, et pour leur fonction de transformation de matières premières brutes en aliments de qualité.
Design of Near-Infrared Luminescent Lanthanide Complexes Sensitive to Environmental Stimulus through Rationally Tuning the Secondary Coordination Sphere (2018)

The design of near-infrared (NIR) emissive lanthanide (Ln) complexes sensitive to external stimulus is fundamentally important for the practical application of Ln materials. Because NIR emission from Ln is extremely sensitive to X-H (X = C, N and O) bond vibration, we herein report to harness the secondary coordination sphere to design NIR luminescent lanthanide sensors. Toward this goal, we designed and synthesized two isomeric [(η<sup>5</sup>-C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)Co{(D<sub>3</sub>CO)<sub>2</sub>P = O}<sub>3</sub>]-Yb(III)-7,8,12,13,17,18-hexafluoro-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porpholactol NIR emitters, Yb-up and Yb-down, based on the stereoisomerism of porphyrin peripheral β-hydroxyl group. Yb-up, in which β-OH is at the same side of Yb(III) center, can form an intramolecular hydrogen bond with the axial Kläui ligand, whereas Yb-down cannot because its β-OH is opposite to Yb(III) center. X-ray crystal structures and photophysical studies suggested that the intramolecular hydrogen bond plays important roles on the NIR luminescence of ytterbium(III), which shortens the distance between β-OH and Yb(III) and facilitates the nonradiative deactivation of Ln excited state. Importantly, Yb-up/down were demonstrated to be highly sensitive toward temperature and viscosity. The PMMA polymer using Yb-up as the dopant NIR emitter showed thermosensitivity up to 6.0% °C<sup>-1</sup> in the wide temperature range of 77-400 K, higher than that of Yb-down (3.8% °C<sup>-1</sup>). These complexes were also explored as the first NIR viscosity sensor, revealing their potential applications as optical sensors without visible light interference. This work demonstrates the importance of secondary coordination sphere on designing NIR Ln luminescent functional materials.
PersonSpotter-fast and robust system for human detection, tracking and recognition (2002)

The authors present a real-time face recognition system which is able to capture, track and recognize a person walking toward a stereo CCD camera. The system is built for real world applications where environmental conditions like illumination, background structure and room architecture are specified only roughly or not at all. The program is implemented on a 4-processor system running UNIX and reaches a recognition speed of 6-8 persons per minute.
Data Science in Context (2022)

Data science is the foundation of our modern world. It underlies applications used by billions of people every day, providing new tools, forms of entertainment, economic growth, and potential solutions to difficult, complex problems. These opportunities come with significant societal consequences, raising fundamental questions about issues such as data quality, fairness, privacy, and causation. In this book, four leading experts convey the excitement and promise of data science and examine the major challenges in gaining its benefits and mitigating its harms. They offer frameworks for critically evaluating the ingredients and the ethical considerations needed to apply data science productively, illustrated by extensive application examples. The authors' far-ranging exploration of these complex issues will stimulate data science practitioners and students, as well as humanists, social scientists, scientists, and policy makers, to study and debate how data science can be used more effectively and more ethically to better our world.
Crack formation and tensile stress-crack opening behavior of Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites (FRCC) (2010)

The formation and further development of cracking in strain hardening cementitiouscompos-ites under tensile loading strongly influences their mechanical behavior. The work presented in this paper de-scribes the crack formation in fiber reinforced cement composites (FRCC). The experimental results are ana-lyzed using a digital image analysis technique to gain detailed insight in the cracking process during the propagation and the opening phases under tensile loading. The data and observations obtained from these tests are used to derive the tensile stress-crack opening behavior of different types of FRCC and to analyze and compare the effect of various composite parameters including fiber reinforcement, cementitious matrix, and interfacial bond properties. In the experimental program, the FRCC specimens are notched and tested in direct tension with the purpose of inducing a single crack during testing. Subsequently, the corresponding crack behavior in terms of stress-crack opening for all specimens is derived, allowing a quantitative evalua-tion of the performance of the different fiber reinforcements. The monitoring of the crack formation with the digital image acquisition allows the identification of the stages of crack development. The comparison of the stage sequences among different tensioned specimens contributes to the qualitative assessment of the bridging effect obtained in each composite system and to the description of the features associated with the singular crack generated during testing.
Host TNF-alpha-1031 and -863 Promoter Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Determine the Risk of Benign Ulceration after H. pylori Infection (2005)

TNF-alpha-1031 and -863 promoter SNP should be novel host factors to determine the gastric inflammation and risk of peptic ulceration upon H. pylori infection.
Analog joint source channel coding for block fading Multiple Access Channels (2014)

We address the transmission of discrete-time analog samples over a block fading Multiple Access Channel (MAC). We propose two practical access schemes to achieve the sum capacity of a MAC channel: opportunistic and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). The first one is optimal when the Channel State Information (CSI) from all users is available at all the transmitters. However, it can lead to an unfair distribution of the power and transmission rate for each user. On the other hand, the CDMA access scheme allows setting individual rate constraints while showing excellent performance when transmitting either uncompressed or compressed analog Gaussian samples.
Leu 23 induction as an early marker of functional CD3/T cell antigen receptor triggering. Requirement for receptor cross-linking, prolonged elevation of intracellular [Ca++] and stimulation of protein kinase C. (1989)

The Leu 23 Ag is a phosphorylated 28 to 32-kDa disulfide-linked homodimer expressed on the surface of activated T cells, B cells, and NK cells. Resting, unstimulated peripheral blood T cells are Leu 23-, but 20 to 30% of normal thymocytes constitutively express Leu 23. Triggering of the CD3/TCR complex by mAb induced the expression of Leu 23 within 2 h after stimulation. Leu 23 was still detectable on the cell surface 48 h after the stimulus was removed. The induction of Leu 23 strictly correlated with the extent of CD3/TCR cross-linking on the surface of T cells. Anti-CD3-coupled beads, but not soluble IgG or IgM mAb, were able to induce Leu 23 expression on peripheral blood T cells. Soluble anti-CD3 mAb were sufficient to induce Leu 23 on the Jurkat T cell line, but a direct relationship was found between CD3 cross-linking valency and Leu 23 expression. RNA and protein synthesis were both required for Leu 23 induction. Moreover, only CD3/TCR-mediated signals able to stimulate PKC and maintain elevated intracellular calcium ion concentration for greater than 60 min resulted in Leu 23 induction. These findings suggest that the extent of CD3/TCR cross-linking influences the persistence of elevated intracellular calcium ion concentration and PKC activation, and that this in turn determines the commitment of the T cell to activate gene transcription programs necessary for Leu 23 expression. Induction of Leu 23 represented the first detectable cell surface marker after triggering via the CD3/TCR and thus provides an ideal indicator to monitor the very early events in T cell activation.
Mode-locking of Cr 4+ :YAG micro-chip lasers (2001)

Compact, reliable and cheap femtosecond laser sources with fundamental repetition rates of 10 GHz and above are desirable for applications like high-speed optical data transmission in the 1.5 μm wavelength region, or for optical analog to digital conversion.
Mechanical Properties of Ni-Fe-Al Ternary Alloys and their Matrix Composites. (1995)

NiAl binary and Ni-Fe-Al ternary alloys, with the composition of 40.50at%Al and x ;[Fe]/( [Nil+Fe])=0-0.20, were fabricated by the reactive hot-press sintering. The addition of Fe to NiAl resulted in the decrease of fracture toughness in the case of 50at%AI, however, toughness of 40 and 45at%Al alloys increased to about 30% of the value of NiAl.NiAl and Ni-Fe-45at%Al matrix composites were fabricated successfully. When the proportionality limit of matrices were <500MPa, it increased by the addition of A12O3 short fibers. In the Ni-Fe-45at%Al matrix composites reinforced by β-SiC whisker, the proportionality limit markedly increased with the addition of under 5vol%. The Al2O3 short fiber and the β-SiC whisker reinforced Ni-Fe-45at%Al matrix composites had higher strength at room temperature than the NiAl matrix ones.