gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Implanting sustainability in business strategies : CSR, ethics or the law (2009)

\n\t\t\t\t\tThis paper elucidates the conundrum faced by Australian businesses in developing &amp;lsquo;sustainable&amp;rsquo; business strategies that are acceptable to a multiplicity of stakeholders. A content analysis of the web pages for leading Australian companies indicates that there is little tangible evidence that sustainable business practices are being implemented. The authors propose several directions for research into substantive issues between ethical behaviour, corporate social responsibility and environmentally sustainable behaviour for businesses. Each of these areas is developing research in relative isolation. However, we argue that this paradigmatic divide is limiting the opportunities for research to provide real insight into seemingly intractable problems.&lt;br /&gt;\n\t\t\t\t
OpenHI: open platform for histopathological image annotation (2019)

Consolidating semantically rich annotation on digital histopathological images known as whole-slide images requires a software capable of handling such type of biomedical data with support for procedures which align with existing pathological protocols. Demands for large-scale annotated histopathological datasets are on the raise since they are needed for developments of artificial intelligence techniques to promote automated diagnosis, mass screening, phenotype-genotype association study, etc. This paper presents an open platform for efficient collaborative histopathological image annotation with standardised semantic enrichment at a pixel-level precision named OpenHI (Open Histopathological Image). The framework's responsive processing algorithm can perform large-scale histopathological image annotation and serve as biomedical data infrastructure for digital pathology. Its web-based design is highly configurable and could be extended to annotate histopathological image of various oncological types. The framework is open-source and fully documented.
Facile Functionalization of Gold Nanoparticles via Microwave-Assisted 1,3 Dipolar Cycloaddition (2007)

This contribution describes a simple and facile method for the functionalization of thiol-coated gold nanoparticles using microwave-assisted 1,3 dipolar cycloadditions. The developed procedure allows for the attachment of terminal alkynes onto azide-containing gold nanoparticles in nearly quantitative conversions within minutes. The utility of the method has been demonstrated by attaching a library of substituted alkynes onto gold nanoparticles in nearly quantitative yields. In a proof of principle study, we demonstrate the potential use of this methodology in catalysis by attaching palladium catalysts to the azide-containing gold nanoparticles and investigate the resulting materials as supported catalysts in Suzuki couplings. Activities that rival the nonsupported analogues were observed, demonstrating that the nanoparticle support does not interfere with the catalytic activity.
Vegetation Detection Using Deep Learning and Conventional Methods (2020)

Land cover classification with the focus on chlorophyll-rich vegetation detection plays an important role in urban growth monitoring and planning, autonomous navigation, drone mapping, biodiversity conservation, etc. Conventional approaches usually apply the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) for vegetation detection. In this paper, we investigate the performance of deep learning and conventional methods for vegetation detection. Two deep learning methods, DeepLabV3+ and our customized convolutional neural network (CNN) were evaluated with respect to their detection performance when training and testing datasets originated from different geographical sites with different image resolutions. A novel object-based vegetation detection approach, which utilizes NDVI, computer vision, and machine learning (ML) techniques, is also proposed. The vegetation detection methods were applied to high-resolution airborne color images which consist of RGB and near-infrared (NIR) bands. RGB color images alone were also used with the two deep learning methods to examine their detection performances without the NIR band. The detection performances of the deep learning methods with respect to the object-based detection approach are discussed and sample images from the datasets are used for demonstrations.
Universal Burst Error Correction (2006)

In this paper, it is shown that under very mild assumptions, practically any binary linear block code of length N and dimension K is able to correct any burst of length up to N - K with probability of success P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> = 1 for erasures, and any burst of length up to N - K - m with probability of success P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> ges 1 - N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2-m </sup> for errors. In both cases, the decoding is based on identifying a string of zeroes in an extended syndrome corresponding to a particular representation of the parity check matrix of the code and its complexity is O(N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) binary operations
CHAPTER 18. CO2 Solutions: A Biomimetic Approach to Mitigate CO2 Emissions – The Use of Carbonic Anhydrase in an “Industrial Lung” (2017)

CO2 Solutions Inc. has developed a first-of-its-kind, post-combustion CO2 capture technology, based on carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme known for its powerful catalytic properties. This proprietary technology was developed by focusing on conventional gas scrubbing processes used in industry, the specificity of the enzyme known to manage CO2 in living organisms, as well as by considering the sustainability factor of the process. This novel, bio-mimicking technology was successfully demonstrated at 10 tonnes of CO2 per day scale in 2015. These large-scale tests confirmed the performance of the enzyme-based approach. Such a success makes CO2 Solutions’ capture technology a confirmed solution ready to be deployed in the field of CO2 mitigation for all types of emitters.
Cortical Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein-Positive Cells Generate Neurons after Perinatal Hypoxic Injury (2011)

Glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive (GFAP(+)) cells give rise to new neurons in the neurogenic niches; whether they are able to generate neurons in the cortical parenchyma is not known. Here, we use genetic fate mapping to examine the progeny of GFAP(+) cells after postnatal hypoxia, a model for the brain injury observed in premature children. After hypoxia, immature cortical astroglia underwent a shift toward neuronal fate and generated cortical excitatory neurons that appeared synaptically integrated into the circuitry. Fate-mapped cortical GFAP(+) cells derived ex vivo from hypoxic, but not normoxic, mice were able to form pluripotent, long-term self-renewing neurospheres. Similarly, exposure to low oxygen conditions in vitro induced stem-cell-like potential in immature cortical GFAP(+) cells. Our data support the conclusion that hypoxia promotes pluripotency in GFAP(+) cells in the cortical parenchyma. Such plasticity possibly explains the cognitive recovery found in some preterm children.
Designing 3D Highly Ordered Nanoporous CuO Electrodes for High-Performance Asymmetric Supercapacitors (2015)

The increasing demand for energy has triggered tremendous research efforts for the development of lightweight and durable energy storage devices. Herein, we report a simple, yet effective, strategy for high-performance supercapacitors by building three-dimensional pseudocapacitive CuO frameworks with highly ordered and interconnected bimodal nanopores, nanosized walls (∼4 nm) and large specific surface area of 149 m(2) g(-1). This interesting electrode structure plays a key role in providing facilitated ion transport, short ion and electron diffusion pathways and more active sites for electrochemical reactions. This electrode demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance with a specific capacitance of 431 F g(-1) (1.51 F cm(-2)) at 3.5 mA cm(-2) and retains over 70% of this capacitance when operated at an ultrafast rate of 70 mA cm(-2). When this highly ordered CuO electrode is assembled in an asymmetric cell with an activated carbon electrode, the as-fabricated device demonstrates remarkable performance with an energy density of 19.7 W h kg(-1), power density of 7 kW kg(-1), and excellent cycle life. This work presents a new platform for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors for the next generation of portable electronics and electric vehicles.
Liquid Crystals: Alignment and Graphene-Assisted Decoration of Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystals Containing DNA Origami Nanostructures (Small 12/2016) (2016)

On page 1658, H. Kitzerow and co-workers show that stable dispersion of the nanostructures in a liquid crystal and uniform alignment of the resulting composite are possible. DNA origami nanostructures decorated with gold nanoparticles (inset: TEM image) are dispersed in a uniformly aligned liquid crystal (background: image observed by polarizing microscopy). The unusual optical properties of such plasmonic nanostructures – for example a large circular dichroism in the case of the nanohelix – are expected to be enhanced if the nanostructures are uniformly aligned.
Flue Gas Desulfurization Wastewater Treatment Primer (2009)

Purge water from a typical wet flue gas desulfurization system contains myriad chemical constituents and heavy metals whose mixture is determined by the fuel source and combustion products as well as the stack gas treatment process. A well-designed water treatment system can tolerate upstream fuel and sorbent arranged in just the right order to produce wastewater acceptable for discharge. This article presents state-of-the-art technologies for treating the waste water that is generated by wet FGD systems. 11 figs., 3 tabs.
Sleep Disturbance Associated With Rotator Cuff Tear (2015)

Sleep disturbance is common in patients undergoing rotator cuff repair. After surgery, sleep disturbance improves to levels comparable with those of the general public. Preoperative and prolonged postoperative use of narcotic pain medication negatively affects sleep.
Depth calibration for DAS VSP: Lessons learned from two field trials (2016)

This work presents the depth calibration results of two independently conducted distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) vertical seismic profile (VSP) field trials. It describes the methods applied and shows that, contingent upon the accuracy of the well completion log, good depth calibration accuracies in the sub-meter range are attainable. Moreover, the depth discrepancies are analyzed between a conventional wireline VSP and a DAS VSP that were recorded in the same well and at the same time; the analysis shows that DAS VSP depths can be matched accurately with geophone VSP depths using solely two calibration points with known depth along the fiber optic line. This is an encouraging result because it implies that, for modern fiber optic cable installations, the DAS receiver spacing can be considered constant over large portions of the well, motivating the use of simple linear interpolation techniques to assign depth estimates to DAS channels located between calibration points. Presentation Date: Monday, October 17, 2016 Start Time: 3:20:00 PM Location: 168 Presentation Type: ORAL
Photoacoustic cardiovascular imaging: a new technique for imaging of atherosclerosis and vulnerable plaque detection (2018)

The sudden rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque is one of the main causes of stroke and stroke induced death. Plaque composition plays a critical role in plaque rupture. In order to differentiate between different plaque components, an imaging technique suitable for patient follow-up is needed. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging (PAI), a relatively new imaging technique, can also be used for cardiovascular imaging as it resolves optical contrast with ultrasonic resolution, visualizes oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobin and a large range of optical agents. PAI can be used to visualize molecular tissue changes, not only stenosis, and relates to the evaluation treatment protocols and/or post-procedural follow-up. In this review, we explain the principles of PAI, describe the recent developments in PAI systems used for non-invasive carotid imaging and intravascular imaging of coronary atherosclerosis and suggest areas of future research that will help bring PAI imaging towards clinical cardiovascular imaging.
Capturing the Dynamics of Ti Diffusion Across TixW1−x/Cu Heterostructures using X‐Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (2023)

Abstract Interdiffusion phenomena between adjacent materials are highly prevalent in semiconductor device architectures and can present a major reliability challenge for the industry. To fully capture these phenomena, experimental approaches must go beyond static and post‐mortem studies to include in situ and in‐operando setups. Here, soft and hard X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (SXPS and HAXPES) is used to monitor diffusion in real‐time across a proxy device. The device consists of a Si/SiO 2 /Ti x W 1−x (300 nm)/Cu(25 nm) thin film material stack, with the Ti x W 1−x film ( x = 0.054, 0.115, 0.148) acting as a diffusion barrier between Si and Cu. The interdiffusion is monitored through the continuous collection of spectra whilst in situ annealing to 673 K. Ti within the TiW is found to be highly mobile during annealing, diffusing out of the barrier and accumulating at the Cu surface. Increasing the Ti concentration within the Ti x W 1−x film increases the quantity of accumulated Ti, and Ti is first detected at the Cu surface at temperatures as low as 550 K. Surprisingly, at low Ti concentrations (x = 0.054), W is also mobile and diffuses alongside Ti. By monitoring the Ti 1 s core level with HAXPES, the surface‐accumulated Ti was observed to undergo oxidation even under ultra‐high vacuum conditions, highlighting the reactivity of Ti in this system. These results provide crucial evidence for the importance of diffusion barrier composition on their efficacy during device application, delivering insights into the mechanisms underlying their effectiveness and limitations.
Objective monitoring of disease activity in polyarteritis by measurement of serum C reactive protein concentration. (1984)

Serial measurements of the serum concentration of C reactive protein were made in 27 patients with polyarteritis over six years. The concentration was invariably raised when the disease was active, even in patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment, and fell rapidly in association with clinical remission induced by immunosuppression. During periods of complete remission, in the absence of any intercurrent condition, the value remained within the normal range. The correlation between C reactive protein concentration and disease activity was much closer than that between erythrocyte sedimentation rate and disease activity. These results indicate that serial measurement of the serum C reactive protein concentration fills the urgent need for an objective index of the activity of polyarteritis and its response to treatment.
The use of high-dose azidothymidine in combination with chemotherapy upfront is an effective treatment approach for gamma-herpes virus-related non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (2010)

The use of high-dose azidothymidine in combination with chemotherapy upfront is an effective treatment approach for gamma-herpes virus-related non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas Ulas Darda Bayraktar, Eileen Bernal, Lisa Cabral, William J Harrington Jr., Dirk P Dittmer, Juan Carlos Ramos From 12 International Conference on Malignancies in AIDS and Other Acquired Immunodeficiencies (ICMAOI) Bethesda, MD, USA. 26-27 April, 2010
39P A validation study of a self-testing capillary kit, the rhelise kit for therapeutic dose monitoring (TDM) of tamoxifen, Z-endoxifen, and 4-hydroxytamoxifen in breast cancer patients (2023)

Tamoxifen is an effective drug reducing the risk of dying from breast cancer. This study aims to validate and study the feasibility of serial assessments, including therapeutic drug monitoring of tamoxifen (TAM), 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4HT) and Z-endoxifen (Z-END) by capillary blood sampling. A prospective, single-centre study including women with stage 0-3 breast cancer receiving adjuvant tamoxifen 20 mg/day for a minimum of 2 months. Study design: Blood samples for repeated measurement of TAM, 4HT and Z-END were drawn capillary in total at 4-time points, at inclusion (baseline), and after 1, 2, and 3 weeks for each participant; and venously in total at two time-points, at inclusion (baseline), and after 3 weeks for each participant. At baseline, the capillary blood test concentrations of TAM, 4HT and Z-END were taken first by the research nurse and second by the patient. At each time, participants will be asked to leave 1 vial of capillary blood using the rhelise™ kit and 2 samples of conventional venous blood for blood and plasma. Primary Objective To validate the rhelise™ kit for monitoring TAM, 4HT and Z-END among patients who have ongoing adjuvant tamoxifen by testing for equivalence between concentrations found in the capillary sample and the venous blood sample (gold standard). Primary endpoint Blood concentrations and correlations of TAM, 4HT and Z-END at baseline and 3 weeks by capillary and venous blood sampling (whole blood/plasma). Secondary objectives To validate user acceptability and feasibility of self-testing the capillary kit by comparing the capillary blood test concentrations of TAM, 4HT and Z-END taken by the patient to the capillary sample taken by the research nurse. Secondary endpoints Capillary blood test concentrations of TAM, 4HT and Z-END were taken by the patient and the research nurse at baseline. A capillary sampling kit was used for 40 participants. Mean TAM, 4HT and Z-END concentrations did not differ significantly in the 3 types of samples. Mean capillary TAM, 4HT and Z-END concentrations did not differ significantly between nurse and patient. TDM of TAM using capillary blood sampling is feasible.
Fiber-Optic Sensors for Networks (1986)

A major thrust for a larger scale introduction of fiberoptic sensors may be triggert by the need of installing increasing numbers of sensors in optically wired systems such as automated factories, mines, offshore platforms, ships, aircrafts, locomotives, automobiles, energy distribution systems etc. Here the sensors which may be discretely or continuously distributed in space are aimed to be operated and controlled by a central transceiver unit. They thus form what is called a sensor network.
Circuit-level wireless systems design at microwave frequencies (2014)

The paper describes a multi-domain computer-aided design (CAD) platform for the simulation of entire microwave links from the transmitter to the receiver intermediate-frequency (IF) ports. The combination of nonlinear, electromagnetic (EM), and propagation analysis tools provides the level of accuracy usually needed in modern telecommunication systems simulation/design. The circuit-level description of the system blocks and the use of digitally-modulated radio-frequency (RF) drive forces to use state-of-the-art Harmonic Balance (HB) algorithms. The effectiveness of the presented tool is demonstrated by the full CAD-based treatment of highly-complex RF links, including both single-input single-output (SISO) and multi-input multi-output (MIMO) cases.
ANALYSIS OF HUMAN BREAST MILK AT MICROWAVE FREQUENCIES (2006)

In this communication a comprehensive study of the dielectric properties of human breast milk at microwave frequencies is reported. The samples are collected at weekly intervals following child birth. Measurements are made at the S-band of microwave frequency employing the rectangular cavity perturbation technique. The dielectric constants of the breast milk samples are found to increase as weeks elapse, which is attributed to the reduced fat content and increased lactose concentration. The conductivity of the breast milk samples is similarly found to increase due to the increased dilution.
Determination of diabatic coupling potentials by the inversion of inelastic atom–atom scattering data: Case studies for He++Ne and Li+I (1994)

A general iterative inversion algorithm based on first-order functional sensitivity analysis and Tikhonov regularization is extended for the determination of diabatic coupling potentials from inelastic scattering data. For simplicity, the two-state case is presented here, and it is assumed that the (diagonal) diabatic potentials are known. ‘‘Noisy’’ and ‘‘noise-free’’ numerically simulated data, calculated from model potentials for He++Ne and Li+I, are used to illustrate the method. Various coupling potential trial functions are used, ranging from a constant multiple of the model to a step function. For most cases, the important regions of the coupling potential (i.e., those regions which are most sensitive to the inelastic scattering data, including the region of crossing) are recovered to high precision within four to seven iterations. Those cases which show a small range for convergence may indicate a limit of the present algorithm, based solely on first-order functional derivatives, and the need to extend it to include higher-order terms.
Vibrational dynamics in condensed matter probed with linac based FELs (1995)

The super-conducting linac pumped free electron laser (FEL) at Stanford has been used to study the vibrational dynamics of molecules in liquids and glasses. A variety of experiments have been performed, including the world's first vibrational photon echo experiments in liquids and glasses and polarization selective pump-probe experiments. In this paper vibrational photon echo experiments are described and characteristics of the FEL important to these experiments are discuss. Vibrational photon echo experiments were performed on the asymmetric CO stretching mode of tungsten hexacarbonyl (1976 cm−1) in the organic glass dibutylphthalate as a function of temperature using sub-picosecond infrared pulses. The echo decays display pronounced beats and are bi-exponential. The beats and bi-exponential decays arise because the bandwidth of the transform limited FEL pulses exceeds the vibrational anharmonicity, leading to the excitation and dephasing of a multilevel coherence. From the beat frequency, the anharmonicity is determined to be 14.7 cm−1. From the bi-exponential decay components, the temperature-dependent homogeneous vibrational dephasing rates of both the v = 0 → 1 and v = 1 → 2 transitions are determined.
Cloud-Based Battery Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis Platform for Large-Scale Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage Systems (2018)

Performance of the current battery management systems is limited by the on-board embedded systems as the number of battery cells increases in the large-scale lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery energy storage systems (BESSs). Moreover, an expensive supervisory control and data acquisition system is still required for maintenance of the large-scale BESSs. This paper proposes a new cloud-based battery condition monitoring and fault diagnosis platform for the large-scale Li-ion BESSs. The proposed cyber-physical platform incorporates the Internet of Things embedded in the battery modules and the cloud battery management platform. Multithreads of a condition monitoring algorithm and an outlier mining-based battery fault diagnosis algorithm are built in the cloud battery management platform (CBMP). The proposed cloud-based condition monitoring and fault diagnosis platform is validated by using a cyber-physical testbed and a computational cost analysis for the CBMP. Therefore, the proposed platform will support the on-board health monitoring and provide an intelligent and cost-effective maintenance of the large-scale Li-ion BESSs.