gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cell cycle checkpoint efficiency and cellular response to paclitaxel in prostate cancer cells (2001)

Abstract BACKGROUND Defects in the cell cycle machinery of prostate cancer cells might impair the efficiency of cell cycle checkpoints and affect the cell response to chemotherapeutic drugs. We examined the relationship between the status of microtubule damage‐activated checkpoints and the response of hormone‐refractory prostate cancer cells to paclitaxel. METHODS The two cell lines DU145 and PC3 harboring defects at proteins involved in the regulation of checkpoints activated by microtubule damage were examined for cell sensitivity, apoptotic response, and efficiency of checkpoints in response to paclitaxel. RESULTS In spite of a comparable sensitivity to the antiproliferative effects of paclitaxel, DU145 and PC3 cells exhibited different cell cycle control at checkpoints activated by microtubule damage. A transient mitotic arrest was induced by the taxane in both cell lines. However, PC3 cells underwent a rapid mitotic slippage and displayed a defective postmitotic checkpoint as evidenced by the appearance of polyploid cells. In this cell line, paclitaxel‐induced cell death was a slow and delayed event, occurring also after S‐phase re‐entry. The mitotic checkpoint appeared to be more stringent in DU145 cells compared to PC3 cells. Moreover, despite the expression of mutated proteins involved in the prevention of DNA endoreduplication (p53, pRb, and p16 INK4A ), these cells did not progress into the cell cycle but efficiently underwent apoptosis by 24 hr. Such a response of DU145 cells was associated with phosphorylation of the p21 WAF1 protein. CONCLUSIONS These observations evidence that activation of checkpoints following microtubule damage in prostate cancer may be regulated through complex mechanisms possibly involving p21 WAF1 . Our findings support that the status of cell cycle checkpoints might affect the modality of cell death. However, the relevance of the mode of cell death for the sensitivity to taxanes remains to be determined. Prostate 48:254–264, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Response of γδ T Cells to Plant-Derived Tannins (2008)

Many pharmaceutical drugs arc isolated from plants used in traditional medicines, and new plant-derived pharmaceutical drugs continue to be identified. Relevant to this review, different plant-derived agonists for gammadelta T cells are described that impart effector functions upon distinct subsets of these cells. Recently, plant tannins have been defined as one class of gammadelta T cell agonist and appear to preferentially activate the mucosal population. Mucosal gammadelta T cells function to modulate tissue immune responses and induce epithelium repair. Select tannins, isolated from apple peel, rapidly induce immune gene transcription in gammadelta T cells, leading to cytokinc production and increased responsiveness to secondary signals. Activity of these tannin preparations tracks to the procyanidin fraction, with the procyanidin trimer (C1) having the most robust activity defined to date. The response to the procyanidins is evolutionarily conserved in that responses are seen with human, bovine, and murine gammadelta T cells, although human cells show less selectivity. Procyanidin-induced responses described in this review likely account for the expansion of mucosal gammadelta T cells seen in mice and rats fed soluble extracts of tannins. Use of procyanidins to activate gammadelta T cells may represent a novel approach for the treatment of tissue damage and autoimmune diseases.
Improved quality of computed tomography substitute derived from magnetic resonance (MR) data by incorporation of spatial information – potential application for MR-only radiotherapy and attenuation correction in positron emission tomography (2013)

This pilot study shows that inclusion of spatial information in GMR models to convert MR data to CT equivalent images is feasible. The accuracy of the s-CT is improved and the spatial information could make it possible to create a general model for the conversion applicable to the whole body.
Phase-Transfer-Catalyzed Enantioselective Alkylation of α-Benzoyloxy-β-Keto Ester (2009)

Highly enantioselective alkylation of tert-butyl 2-benzoyloxy-3-oxobutanoate could be realized by the use of N-spiro chiral quaternary ammonium salt as phase-transfer catalyst, as a complementary approach to the asymmetric hydroxylation of α-alkyl-β-keto esters.
Inertial attitude determination for a dual-spin planetary spacecraft (1981)

Design and performance evaluations of an onboard inertial attitude determination system for a dual-spin planetary spacecraft are presented. A quaternion integration algorithm and a rate estimator sequentially determine the scan platform's inertial attitude and rate from the drift and misalignment compensated gyro outputs. A least-squares estimator algorithm processes the star transit data from a rotor-mounted star scanner, and provides periodic updates of the scan platform's attitude as a means of correcting the drift of the quaternion integration algorithm. Computer simulated algorithm performance in the presence of nutation and sensor noise are presented.
Influence of Windows on Building Energy Use (1984)

Window system design and operation have a major effect on energy use in buildings as well as on occupants' thermal and visual co~ fort.Window performance will be a function of optical and thermal properties, window management strategies, climate and orientation, and building type and occupancy.In residences, heat loss control is a primary concern, followed by sun control in more southerly climates.In commercial buildings, the daylight provided by windows may be the major energy benefit, but solar gain must be controlled so that increased cooling 10a4s do not exceed daylighting savings.Reductions in peak elctrical demand and HVAC system size may also be possible in well-designed daylighted buildings.Improved analysis tools and more extensive experimental data on window performance in buildings are necessary to improve design decisions and guide new product development.
SmaEPho–Smart Photometry in Education 4.0 (2023)

Digitization offers new perspectives for educational research to identify the effects of visualizations regarding cognitive processing. In addition, new types of data can be generated, expanding the possibilities for visualizing cognitive processes and understanding human learning. Digital twins are already used in Industry 4.0, as an additional visualization to a real object, for data mining and data analysis for process optimization. The increasing integration of digital twins in the industrial sector requires the formulation of corresponding educational goals to ensure high-quality and future-oriented education. Therefore, future generations must be introduced to technologies from industry during their education. In this paper, an intelligent photometric measurement system called SmaEPho with a digital twin for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) learning is presented. In addition to its function as a photometric measurement device, an intelligent sensor technology allows for data generation on the user’s usage behavior. The digital twin reflects and visualizes these data in real-time. This enables a variety of new didactic and methodological approaches in teaching. A first study evaluating the hardware and tracking components of SmaEPho shows that the deviation accuracy of the measurement system is sufficient for experimental applications in schools. Another study with n=52 students confirmed the excellent usability of the SmaEPho hardware platform. These research results lay the foundation for a variety of future research questions on data analysis and machine learning algorithms with the aim of increasing the quality of education. The use of intelligent digital twins as an element of digitization in educational contexts offers the extended possibility of identifying cognitive processing steps using this technology.
Dual Degradation of Aurora A and B Kinases by the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor LBH589 Induces G2-M Arrest and Apoptosis of Renal Cancer Cells (2009)

Our in vitro and in vivo data showed that LBH589 has potent anticancer effect of renal cancer cells. LBH589 and other HDACI treatment resulted in inducing G2-M arrest and apoptosis of renal cancer cells through degradation of Aurora A and B kinases by inhibition of HDAC3 and HDAC6. The clinical efficacy of LBH589 in the treatment of patients with metastatic RCC, especially those with high Aurora kinase and HDAC expression, is worthy of further investigation.
SHS under high pressure of nitrogen gas: Feasibility of nitrides melting (2014)

Under some certain conditions, SHS reactions yielding AlN, BN, and Si3N4 under high pressure of nitrogen gas can be accompanied by fusion of reaction products. Upon appropriate choice of filler, compact materials with a porosity of around 10% can be readily synthesized by SHS nitridation under pressure.
A RELATION BETWEEN THE SPECTRUM OF SURFACE SLOPES AND THE SPECTRUM OF SURFACE ELEVATIONS AND ITS USEFULNESS IN THE THEORY OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE SCATTERING FROM ROUGH SURFACES. (1970)

Abstract : The purpose of this research note is to show that a simple relation exists between the spectrum of surface elevations and the spectrum of surface slopes. This relation is useful when working on the problem of electromagnetic wave scattering from rough surfaces. When using the small perturbation theory to compute scattered fields from a rough surface, both the spectrum of surface elevations and the spectrum of surface slopes can appear in the final equations. The spectrum of the surface elevations is easy to work with and can be determined from measurements made on the surface. The spectrum of the surface slopes, however, is more difficult to work with. It would be very beneficial if a relation between the two spectrums could be obtained. (Author)
Surgery of colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease (1992)

Literature over the past year yielded significant contributions concerning two of the main indications for surgery of the large intestine: colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease. A review of these subjects is prefaced with a section on perioperative care in large bowel surgery and appended by a new section on “tricks and tactics in large bowel surgery.” As in the past, editorial comments will pervade this review to direct and stimulate the reader. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 1992, 8:50-56
Convenient Synthesis of N-Containing Perfluoroalkyl Iodides (1990)

Abstract Some new nitrogen-containing perfluoroalkyl iodides were synthesized directly by the reaction of corresponding perfluoroacid fluorides with lithium iodide in high yield.
Anchor-free TDOA self-localization (2011)

We present an approach for the localization of passive receiver nodes in a communication network. In our settings the positions of the nodes are unknown. The only source of information is the time when environmental sound or ultrasound signals are received. The discrete signals occur at unknown positions and times, but they can be distinguished. The clocks of the receivers are synchronized, so the time differences of arrival (TDOA) of the signals can be computed. The goal is to determine the relative positions of all receiver nodes and implicitly the positions and times of the environmental signals. Our novel approach, the Iterative Cone Alignment algorithm, solves iteratively a non-linear optimization problem of time differences of arrival (TDOA) by a physical spring-mass simulation. Here, our algorithm shows a smaller tendency to get stuck in local minima than a non-linear least-squares approach. The approach is tested in numerous simulations and in a real-world setting where we demonstrate and evaluate a tracking system for a moving ultrasound beacon without the need to initially calibrate the positions of the receivers. Using our approach we estimate the trajectory of a moving model train with a precision in the range of centimeters.
The high pressure structure and equation of state of 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide (LLM-105) up to 20 GPa: X-ray diffraction measurements and first principles molecular dynamics simulations (2015)

Recent theoretical studies of 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide (C4H4N6O5 Lawrence Livermore Molecule No. 105, LLM-105) report unreacted high pressure equations of state that include several structural phase transitions, between 8 and 50 GPa, while one published experimental study reports equation of state (EOS) data up to a pressure of 6 GPa with no observed transition. Here we report the results of a synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction study and also ambient temperature isobaric-isothermal atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of LLM-105 up to 20 GPa. We find that the ambient pressure phase remains stable up to 20 GPa; there is no indication of a pressure induced phase transition. We do find a prominent decrease in b-axis compressibility starting at approximately 13 GPa and attribute the stiffening to a critical length where inter-sheet distance becomes similar to the intermolecular distance within individual sheets. The ambient temperature isothermal equation of state was determined through refinements of measured X-ray diffraction patterns. The pressure-volume data were fit using various EOS models to yield bulk moduli with corresponding pressure derivatives. We find very good agreement between the experimental and theoretically derived EOS.
Characterization of pellet morphology during submerged growth of Streptomyces tendae by image analysis (1992)

Many filamentous bacteria and fungi tend to form pellets, or mixtures of dispersed mycelium and pellets in liquid fermentation broths. In some cases, a specific kind of morphology is required for optimum product yield. When quantitative analysis and characterization of the pellet morphology are needed, an image processing system can be used. It allows a fast and reproducible analysis of the frequency distribution of pellet size, mean pellet size, contents of pellets, or their shape. The use of such a system allows for an on-line analysis. For a demonstration of the method, results of two fermentations of Streptomyces tendae are shown.
Dataset: Occupancy Detection, Tracking, and Estimation Using a Vertically Mounted Depth Sensor [Sample Dataset] (2019)

[Sample Dataset File.] Occupancy detection, tracking, and estimation has a wide range of applications including improving building energy efficiency, safety, and security of the occupants. As depth sensors are getting cheaper, they offer a viable solution to estimate occupancy accurately in a non-privacy invasive manner. Even though there are publicly available depth datasets, they do not consider placing the sensor in the ceiling looking downwards to estimate occupancy. We deployed four Kinect for XBOX One in four CMU classrooms and conference rooms for a period of four weeks in 2017 and collected over 6 TB of depth data. We annotate this huge dataset by labelling bounding boxes around occupants and release the annotated dataset.
Yeast display platform for expression of linear peptide epitopes to assess peptide-MHC-II binding in high-throughput (2022)

Abstract Yeast display can serve as a powerful tool to assess peptide-MHC (pMHC) and pMHC-TCR binding. However, this approach is often limited by the need to optimize MHC proteins for yeast surface expression, which can be laborious and may not yield productive results. Here we present a second-generation yeast display platform for class II MHC molecules (MHC-II) which decouples MHC-II expression from yeast-expressed peptides, referred to as “peptide display”. Peptide display obviates the need for yeast-specific MHC optimizations and increases the scale of MHC-II alleles available for use in yeast display screens. Because MHC identity is separated from the peptide library, a further benefit of this platform is the ability to assess a single library of peptides against any MHC-II. We demonstrate the utility of the peptide display platform across MHC-II proteins, screening HLA-DR, HLA-DP, and HLA-DQ alleles. We further explore parameters of selections, including reagent dependencies, MHC avidity, and use of competitor peptides. This approach presents an advance in throughput and accessibility of screening peptide-MHC-II binding.
He-vacancy interactions in Si and their influence on bubble formation and evolution (2000)

The mechanisms of He bubble and, after annealing, of void formation have been investigated for single and multiple ${\mathrm{He}}^{+}$ implants in Si. Several analytical techniques have been adopted: photoluminescence (PL), Rutherford backscattering of protons, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. When a second implant is performed a systematic enlargement of the bubble band reveals the importance of the interaction between He atoms and point defects generated during irradiation. Size effects of the implanted region protrusions indicated a He diffusion mechanism and an interaction with vacancies and divacancies for the bubble formation. PL spectra indicate the presence of complexes helium divacancies in the same temperature where self-interstitials annihilate at the sample surface. The interaction of helium atoms with divacancies allows the inversion in the vacancy-interstitial balance producing a supersaturation of vacancies in the silicon bulk. This vacancy supersaturation causes the observed annihilation of interstitial type defects after a suitable annealing.
Glucose uptake in horses with polysaccharide storage myopathy. (1999)

Horses with PSSM have an increased rate of glucose clearance in response to insulin secretion. Thus, diets low in soluble carbohydrate may be the most effective way to decrease glycogen accumulation in skeletal muscle of these horses.
Ligand Conjugated Antisense Oligonucleotide for the Treatment of Transthyretin Amyloidosis: Preclinical and Phase 1 Data (2020)

These findings suggest an improved safety and tolerability profile with the increase in potency achieved by productive receptor-mediated uptake of AKCEA-TTR-L<sub>Rx</sub> by hepatocytes and supports further development of AKCEA-TTR-L<sub>Rx</sub> for the treatment of ATTR polyneuropathy and cardiomyopathy.
STUDIES OF ER FLUIDS FEATURING RODLIKE PARTICLES (1996)

Chaining of micron-sized polarizable particles in ER fluids is generally accepted to be responsible for the liquid-to-solid transitions on the application of an external electric field. It has been hypothesized that the strength of the particle-particle interactions solely determines the rheological properties of ER fluids. In our work, the particle’s structure has been used to control interactions; for example, we have developed systems featuring rodlike particles. With such particles it should be possible to enhance the dielectric interaction of the particles as well as their mechanical interaction. The main goal of our effort has been to distinguish between these two mechanisms through measurements of the dielectric properties in conjunction with the rheological responses. Based on the experimental evidence thus far gathered, we can state that most, but not all, of the rheological effects are explainable in terms of the dielectric changes in the fluid.
Scalable Joint Source-Channel Coding for the Scalable Extension of H.264/AVC (2008)

This paper proposes a novel joint source-channel coding (JSCC) methodology which minimizes the end-to-end distortion for the transmission over packet loss channels of scalable video encoded using SVC, the scalable extension of H.264/AVC. The proposed JSCC approach performs channel protection using low-density parity-check codes and relies on Lagrangian-based optimization techniques to derive the appropriate protection levels for each layer produced by the scalable source codec. Our JSCC approach for SVC can support spatial, temporal and quality scalability and can provide an optimized channel protection in any scalable setting. Experiments show that our JSCC methodology yields competitive results against state-of-the-art Lagrangian-based JSCC algorithms. Compared to the state-of-the-art, our approach significantly reduces the number of computations needed to derive the rate-distortion hulls. Moreover, the proposed approach constructs convex rate-distortion hulls for each frame, irrespective of the target rate. This allows the pre-computation of the convex rate-distortion hulls for typical packet loss channels, such that the extraction of a near-optimal JSCC allocation can be achieved on-the-fly for any target rate or packet-loss rate. We conclude that the proposed JSCC methodology provides optimized resilience against transmission errors in scalable video streaming over variable-bandwidth error-prone channels.
InCandida albicans, resistance to flucytosine and terbinafine is linked toMAT  locus homozygosity and multilocus sequence typing clade 1 (2009)

A panel of 637 isolates of Candida albicans that had been typed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and tested for susceptibility to amphotericin B, caspofungin, fluconazole, flucytosine, itraconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, terbinafine and voriconazole was the material for a statistical analysis of possible associations between antifungal susceptibility and other properties. For terbinafine and flucytosine, the greatest proportion of low-susceptibility isolates, judged by two resistance breakpoints, was found in MLST clade 1 and among isolates homozygous at the MAT locus, although only three isolates showed cross-resistance to the two agents. Most instances of low susceptibility to azoles, flucytosine and terbinafine were among oropharyngeal isolates from HIV-positive individuals. Statistically significant correlations were found between terbinafine and azole minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs), while correlations between flucytosine MICs and azole MICs were less strong. It is concluded that a common regulatory mechanism may operate to generate resistance to the two classes of agent that inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis, terbinafine and the azoles, but that flucytosine resistance, although still commonly associated with MAT homozygosity, is differently regulated.
STUDY ON THE MECHANISM OF TURBULENT ENTRAINMENT THROUGH 3D-PTV AND DNS (2007)

The work reported below is an analysis of small scale properties of turbulent ow without strong mean shear in a homogeneous Newtonian fluid in proximity of the turbulent/non-turbulent interface. The main tools used are a three-dimensional particle tracking system (3D-PTV) allowing to measure and follow in a Lagrangian manner the field of velocity derivatives and direct numerical simulations (DNS). The study is based on the statistical analysis of flow tracers crossing the turbulent/non-turbulent interface. The analysis of flow properties in the proximity of the interface allows for direct observation of the key physical processes underlying the entrainment phenomenon. We found that both, viscous and inertial processes are important for the increase of enstrophy at the turbulent/non-turbulent interface.