gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Numerical analysis of the contribution of the transverse asymmetry in the photo-induced index change profile to the birefringence of optical fiber (2002)

The birefringence of an optical fiber resulting from an asymmetry of the index profile is numerically evaluated using a finite-element method with a full-vectorial formulation. Such asymmetric index profiles, assumed to vary exponentially across the fiber core, could be induced during the writing of fiber Bragg gratings with UV side-exposure techniques. The results reveal that the birefringence is a quadratic function of the effective index change. An asymmetry coefficient near 0.4 /spl mu/m/sup -1/ maximizes the birefringence. The calculated photo-induced birefringence is negligible if the index change is lower than 5/spl times/10/sup -4/. However, the birefringence can reach 5/spl times/10/sup -6/ for large values of index change. The numerical method presented could be applied to the modeling of other asymmetric index profiles.
Real Time 3D Face Pose Tracking From an Uncalibrated Camera (2005)

We propose a new near-real time technique for 3D face pose tracking from a monocular image sequence obtained from a n uncalibrated camera. The basic idea behind our approach is that instead of treating 2D face detection and 3D face pose estimation separately, we perform simultaneous 2D face detection and 3D face pose tracking. Specifically, 3D face pose at a time instant is constrained by the face dynamics using Kalman Filtering and by the face appearance in the image. The use of Kalman Filtering limits possible 3D face poses to a small range while the best matching between the actual face image and the projected face image allows to pinpoint the exact 3D face pose. Face matching is formulatd as an optimization problem so that the exact face location and 3D face pose can be estimated efficiently. Another major feature of our approach lies in the use of active IR illumination, which allows to robustly detect eyes. The detected eyes can in turn constrain the face in the image and regularize the 3D face pose, therefore the tracking drift issue can be avoided and the processing can speedup. Finally, the face model is dynamically updated to account for variations in face appearances caused by face pose, face expression, illumination and the combination of them. Compared with the existing 3D face pose tracking techniques, our technique has the following benefits. First, our technique can track face and face pose simultaneously in real time, which as been implemented as a real time working system. Second, only one uncalibrated camera is needed for our technique, which will make our system very easy to set up. Third, our technique can handle facial expression change, face occlusion and illumination change, which will make our system work under real life conditions.
Scientific Investigation of Antitrypanosomal Activity of Crateva Adansonii DC Leaves Extracts (2012)

Crateva adansonii DC is used in traditional medicines in the West of Africa. The crude hexane (CAN-1) and ethyl acetate (CAN-2) extracts were evaluated for their in vitro bioactivity against African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei brucei (S427) blood stream forms. The crude extracts showed moderate anti-trypanosomal activity (MIC 12.5µg/ml). We recommend its use either alone or in combination with other natural/semi-synthetic/synthetic drugs for the treatment of Human African Trypanosomiasis. © 2011 IGJPS. All rights reserved. KEYWORDS: Crateva adansonii DC; Anti-trypanoso
Data from YAP/TAZ Initiates Gastric Tumorigenesis via Upregulation of MYC (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;YAP and TAZ play oncogenic roles in various organs, but the role of YAP/TAZ in gastric cancer remains unclear. Here, we show that YAP/TAZ activation initiates gastric tumorigenesis &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; and verify its significance in human gastric cancer. In mice, YAP/TAZ activation in the pyloric stem cell led to step-wise tumorigenesis. RNA sequencing identified MYC as a decisive target of YAP, which controls MYC at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. These mechanisms tightly regulated MYC in homeostatic conditions, but YAP activation altered this balance by impeding miRNA processing, causing a shift towards MYC upregulation. Pharmacologic inhibition of MYC suppressed YAP-dependent phenotypes &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;, verifying its functional role as a key mediator. Human gastric cancer samples also displayed a significant correlation between YAP and MYC. We reanalyzed human transcriptome data to verify enrichment of YAP signatures in a subpopulation of gastric cancers and found that our model closely reflected the molecular pattern of patients with high YAP activity. Overall, these results provide genetic evidence of YAP/TAZ as oncogenic initiators and drivers for gastric tumors with MYC as the key downstream mediator. These findings are also evident in human gastric cancer, emphasizing the significance of YAP/TAZ signaling in gastric carcinogenesis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Significance:&lt;/b&gt; YAP/TAZ activation initiates gastric carcinogenesis with MYC as the key downstream mediator. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 78(12); 3306–20. ©2018 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Enhanced Aggregation of Stimuli Responsive Surfactants by Esterolytic Reactions (2019)

Thioester surfactants, [C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>25</sub>N(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>m</sub>SCOCH<sub>3</sub>] Br (C<sub>12</sub>mSAc, m = 4, 11, 12), yielded thiol surfactants via thiol-thioester exchange upon addition of dithiothreitol in aqueous solution. The thiolthioester exchange reaction was enhanced in a micellar system owing to the concentration effect. The enhanced aggregation upon deprotection of the thioacetate group was observed by dynamic light scattering measurements. The thiol surfactants yielded disulfide-linked gemini surfactants upon air oxidation and incubation with hydrogen peroxide. In contrast, the thiol surfactants yielded thioester double-tailed products by esterolytic reactions with p-nitrophenyl hexanoate. The introduction of an alkyl chain to the second side chain significantly decreased the critical micelle concentration and induced the micellar growth.
Distributed Semantic Discovery for Web-of-Things Enabled Smart Buildings (2014)

Nowadays, our surrounding environment is more and more scattered with various types of sensors. Due to their intrinsic properties and representation formats, they form small islands isolated from each other. In order to increase interoperability and release their full capabilities, we propose to represent devices descriptions including data and service invocation with a common model allowing to compose mashups of heterogeneous sensors. Pushing this paradigm further, we also propose to augment service descriptions with a discovery protocol easing automatic assimilation of knowledge. In this work, we describe the architecture supporting what can be called a Semantic Sensor Web-of-Things. As proof of concept, we apply our proposal to the domain of smart buildings, composing a novel ontology covering heterogeneous sensing, actuation and service invocation. Our architecture also emphasizes on the energetic aspect and is optimized for constrained environments.
A 6.78 MHz, 95.0% Peak Efficiency Monolithic Two-Dimensional Calibrated Active Rectifier for Wirelessly Powered Implantable Biomedical Devices (2021)

In this paper, a fully integrated active rectifier with triple feedback loops is proposed to enhance power conversion efficiency (PCE) over a wide loading range by calibrating both the gate transition timing and power switch size. The on- and off-transitions of the power switches are calibrated using a hybrid delay-based gate control circuit (HDGCC) with hybrid feedback loops. Conventional active rectifiers that only focused on calibrating the gate transition timing of a NMOS power switch with a fixed power switch size exhibit a low PCE when the loading condition deviates from the predetermined range. Thus, an automatic size selector based on a third feedback loop is proposed, which changes the power switch size based on the loading condition and ensures a stable operation of the hybrid loops by maintaining the voltage drop across the NMOS switches. An active rectifier was fabricated using the standard 0.18 μm CMOS process. The effectiveness and robustness of the two-dimensional calibration were verified through measurements under an AC input voltage ranging from 2.5 to 5.0 V and an output power ranging from 1.25 to 125 mW. The peak voltage conversion ratio and peak PCE were 97.6% and 95.0%, respectively, at R<sub>L</sub> = 500 Ω.
Deadtime compensation via setpoint variation (2009)

Proceedings of 2009 7th Asian Control Conference, ASCC 2009
Monoclonal antibodies for detection of Norwalk virus antigen in stools (1995)

Monoclonal antibodies against the prototype 8FIIa strain of Norwalk virus were prepared and applied to an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for detecting Norwalk virus in stool specimens. The monoclonal antibodies immunoprecipitated a 58-kDa protein which had been produced by in vitro transcription-translation of Norwalk virus cloned cDNA, and they reacted by EIA with recombinant Norwalk virus capsid protein at a sensitivity level of 1 ng/ml. The EIA detected virus in all tested samples from 15 different Norwalk virus-infected volunteers. No cross-reactions were seen in stools containing other caliciviruses or in stools containing rotaviruses, astroviruses, or enteric adenoviruses.
The role of Rel Mtb -mediated adaptation to stationary phase in long-term persistence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice (2003)

Long-term survival of nonreplicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is ensured by the coordinated shutdown of active metabolism through a broad transcriptional program called the stringent response. In Mtb, this response is initiated by the enzymatic action of RelMtb and deletion of relMtb produces a strain (H37RvDeltarelMtb) severely compromised in the maintenance of long-term viability. Although aerosol inoculation of mice with H37RvDeltarelMtb results in normal initial bacterial growth and containment, the ability of this strain to sustain chronic infection is severely impaired. Significant histopathologic differences were noted in lungs and spleens of mice infected with H37RvDeltarelMtb compared with controls throughout the course of the infection. Microarray analysis revealed that H37RvDeltarelMtb suffers from a generalized alteration of the transcriptional apparatus, as well as specific changes in the expression of virulence factors, cell-wall biosynthetic enzymes, heat shock proteins, and secreted antigens that may alter immune recognition of the recombinant organism. Thus, RelMtb is critical for the successful establishment of persistent infection in mice by altering the expression of antigenic and enzymatic factors that may contribute to successful latent infection.
Cold climate bioventing with soil warming in Alaska (1995)

In the heart of Alaska, a 3-year field study was conducted of bioventing in conjunction with several soil warming methods. The contamination was JP-4 jet fuel. The soil warming methods evaluated, chosen for their apparent low cost, were (1) application of warm water at a low rate, (2) enhanced solar warming by covering the surface with clear plastic in the summer and covering the surface with insulation in the winter, and (3) buried heat pipe. The warm water and buried heat tape methods performed best, maintaining summer-like 10 to 20 C temperatures in the test plots year round, compared to the temperature of the unheated control plot, which dipped to {minus}1 C in the winter. The solar/insulation warming method showed a modest improvement in temperature over the unheated control test plot. The annual average temperatures of the warm water, heat tape, solar, and control plots were 16.9, 14.5, 6.1, and 3.5 C, respectively. The biodegradation rates, measured by in situ respirometry, were higher in plots with higher temperatures and followed the Arrhenius relationship. Despite the low temperature, significant biodegradation was observed in the unheated plot during the winter.
Mechanism for Conducting Filament Growth in Self‐Assembled Polymer Thin Films for Redox‐Based Atomic Switches (2015)

The switching mechanisms of atomic switches based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) are systematically investigated. By using self-assembled PEO and Ag-PEO thin films, stack-structured devices exhibit stable bipolar switching behavior over 10(3) cycles. Direct observation of filament growth behavior in planar-structured devices reveals the effects of the polymer thin-film morphology, and the presence of electrochemically active electrodes, on the switching characteristics.
Pulsed laser irradiation as a process of conductive surface formation on nanopolycrystalline diamond (2018)

We propose a simple and easy electrode formation technique on nanopolycrystalline diamond (NPD) synthesized by a high-temperature and high-pressure technique. The stronger light absorption nature of NPD than of standard transparent diamond enables the laser irradiation process on NPD. Pulsed laser irradiation using an ArF excimer laser under atmospheric condition drastically reduced the resistance of the NPD surface by forming graphite. Repetition of the laser irradiation reduced the resistance, showing a resistance of 300 Ω for the laser-irradiated area of 100 × 150 µm2. These results indicate the applicability of pulsed laser irradiation to an NPD apparatus having a conductive electrode, as well as electronic device processes.
Vein graft intimal hyperplasia: leukocytes and cytokine gene expression. (1994)

Gene expression of cytokines thought to modulate IH is up-regulated early in vein grafts. This coincides with graft infiltration by activated leukocytes before and during the development of IH.
SS18 regulates pluripotent-somatic transition through phase separation (2021)

The transition from pluripotent to somatic states marks a critical event in mammalian development, but remains largely unresolved. Here we report the identification of SS18 as a regulator for pluripotent to somatic transition or PST by CRISPR-based whole genome screens. Mechanistically, SS18 forms microscopic condensates in nuclei through a C-terminal intrinsically disordered region (IDR) rich in tyrosine, which, once mutated, no longer form condensates nor rescue SS18<sup>-/-</sup> defect in PST. Yet, the IDR alone is not sufficient to rescue the defect even though it can form condensates indistinguishable from the wild type protein. We further show that its N-terminal 70aa is required for PST by interacting with the Brg/Brahma-associated factor (BAF) complex, and remains functional even swapped onto unrelated IDRs or even an artificial 24 tyrosine polypeptide. Finally, we show that SS18 mediates BAF assembly through phase separation to regulate PST. These studies suggest that SS18 plays a role in the pluripotent to somatic interface and undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation through a unique tyrosine-based mechanism.
Thyroid hormone plus dual-specificity phosphatase-5 siRNA increases the number of cardiac muscle cells and improves left ventricular contractile function in chronic doxorubicin-injured hearts (2021)

<b>Rationale:</b> Doxorubicin is a widely used anticancer drug. However, its major side effect, cardiotoxicity, results from cardiomyocyte loss that causes left ventricle (LV) wall thinning, chronic LV dysfunction and heart failure. Cardiomyocyte number expansion by thyroid hormone (T3) during preadolescence is suppressed by the developmental induction of an ERK1/2-specific dual specificity phosphatase 5 (DUSP5). Here, we sought to determine if a brief course of combined DUSP5 suppression plus T3 therapy replaces cardiomyocytes lost due to preexisting doxorubicin injury and reverses heart failure. <b>Methods:</b> We used <i>in vivo</i>-jetPEI to deliver DUSP5 or scrambled siRNA to ~5-week-old C57BL6 mice followed by 5 daily injections of T3 (2 ng/µg body weight). Genetic lineage tracing using <i>Myh6</i>-Mer<i>Cre</i>Mer::Rosa26fs-Confetti mice and direct cardiomyocyte number counting, along with cell cycle inhibition (danusertib), was used to test if this treatment leads to <i>de novo</i> cardiomyocyte generation and improves LV contractile function. Three doses of doxorubicin (20 µg/g) given at 2-weekly intervals, starting at 5-weeks of age in C57BL6 mice, caused severe heart failure, as evident by a decrease in LV ejection fraction. Mice with an ~40 percentage point decrease in LVEF post-doxorubicin injury were randomized to receive either DUSP5 siRNA plus T3, or scrambled siRNA plus vehicle for T3. Age-matched mice without doxorubicin injury served as controls. <b>Results:</b> In uninjured adult mice, transient therapy with DUSP5 siRNA and T3 increases cardiomyocyte numbers, which is required for the associated increase in LV contractile function, since both are blocked by danusertib. In mice with chronic doxorubicin injury, DUSP5 siRNA plus T3 therapy rebuilds LV muscle by increasing cardiomyocyte numbers, which reverses LV dysfunction and prevents progressive chamber dilatation. <b>Conclusion:</b> RNA therapies are showing great potential. Importantly, a GMP compliant <i>in vivo</i>-jetPEI system for delivery of siRNA is already in use in humans, as is T3. Given these considerations, our findings provide a potentially highly translatable strategy for addressing doxorubicin cardiomyopathy, a currently untreatable condition.
Osmotic Stress Induces Rapid Activation of a Salicylic Acid–Induced Protein Kinase and a Homolog of Protein Kinase ASK1 in Tobacco Cells (2000)

In tobacco cells, osmotic stress induced the rapid activation of two protein kinases that phosphorylate myelin basic protein. Immunological studies demonstrated that the 48-kD kinase is the salicylic acid-induced protein kinase (SIPK), a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family. SIPK was activated 5 to 10 min after the cells were exposed to osmotic stresses, and its activity persisted for approximately 30 min. In contrast, the 42-kD kinase was activated within 1 min after osmotic stress, and its activity was maintained for approximately 2 hr. Moreover, in addition to myelin basic protein, the 42-kD kinase phosphorylated casein and two transcription factors, c-Jun and ATF-2. This latter enzyme was inactivated by a serine/threonine-specific phosphatase but, unlike SIPK, was not affected by a tyrosine-specific phosphatase. After the 42-kD kinase was purified to apparent homogeneity, tryptic peptide analysis indicated that it is a homolog of Arabidopsis serine/threonine kinase1 (ASK1).
C60 thin film transistors (1995)

N-channel field effect transistors with excellent device characteristics have been fabricated by utilizing C60 as the active element. Measurements on C60 thin films in ultrahigh vacuum show on-off ratios as high as 106 and field effect mobilities up to 0.08 cm2/V s.
High speed and slow motion: the technology of modern high speed cameras (2011)

The enormous progress in the fields of microsystem technology, microelectronics and computer science has led to the development of powerful high speed cameras. Recently a number of such cameras became available as low cost consumer products which can also be used for the teaching of physics. The technology of high speed cameras is discussed, facilitating an understanding of the problems and restrictions in using these cameras.
Visualizing Cellular Secretion with Single-Protein Sensitivity via Interferometric Scattering Microscopy (iSCAT) (2019)

Proteins are involved in a large number of biological processes. Apart from the field of proteomics, where ensemble studies of the entire set of proteins present in a system are carried out, detection and analysis of single proteins has become a vibrant field of research. Particularly, the study of proteins that are secreted from cells into the extracellular space is an important topic with wide implications for basic intercellular interactions and immunology. Secretory proteins are responsible for a vast amount of cellular functions involving migration, wound healing, immunological response, or intercellular communication. Challenges in the traditional methods such as immunoassays, Western blotting, mass spectrometry, or fluorescence microscopy are the need for labeling (with immunological complements, isotopes, or fluorescent markers) and the necessary processing and separation steps that hinder high temporal resolution in dynamic studies. Today, none of the existing techniques is able to detect single proteins secreted from living cells at subsecond temporal resolution without the need for labeling.
Dendritic Corneal Lesions-Reply (1984)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We thank Dr Raju for adding yet another possible cause to the list of causes of dendritic lesions of the cornea. We have not seen dendritic lesions associated with adenoviral disease, and, of course, the one case in which the lesion was cultured in our study did not reveal adenovirus.
Study of Melamine-Formaldehyde/Phase Change Material Microcapsules for the Preparation of Polymer Films by Extrusion (2022)

n-Eicosane-melamine formaldehyde microcapsules of an average size of 1.1 μm and latent heat of fusion of 146.2 ± 5.3 J/g have been prepared. They have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, calorimetric techniques, and thermogravimetric analyses. Under processing conditions, the microcapsules apparently preserved their properties, also maintaining their n-eicosane loading and heat storage capacity under washing conditions (water with detergent at 60 °C). The microcapsules synthesis has been scaled up for the fabrication of functional films by extrusion. For that, polymer films containing 10 wt.% of microcapsules were prepared at a pilot plant level. In those films, even though a fraction of the n-eicosane loading was lost during the extrusion process, the microcapsules showed good compatibility within the polyamide. The percentage of PCM in the polyamide 6 films was estimated by TGA, verifying also the heat storage capacity predicted by DSC (2.6 ± 0.7 J/g).
Inhomogeneous Electromagnetic Field Polarization Enhancement of Silver Nanoparticles Induced by A Fiber Optics Polymer Probe (2013)

International audience
FKRP gene mutations cause congenital muscular dystrophy, mental retardation, and cerebellar cysts (2003)

Mutations within the FKRP gene can result in CMD associated with mental retardation and cerebellar cysts. This adds structural brain defects to the already wide spectrum of abnormalities caused by FKRP mutations. The severe depletion of alpha-dystroglycan expression suggests that FKRP is involved in the processing of alpha-dystroglycan.
Relation of Structural and Chemical Parameters of Tar Hydroconversion Residue to Catalytic Properties of Nanosized Catalysts Based on Mo, Co, Ni, Al Compounds (2020)

At a pilot plant with a flow reactor, the hydroconversion of oil vacuum distillation residue (tar) was studied at a hydrogen pressure of 7 MPa, a temperature of 445°C, a feed space velocity of 2 h–1 in the presence of suspensions of nanosized particles of catalysts obtained in situ in the reaction zone from previously prepared in the feed of reverse emulsions of aqueous solutions of precursors: salts of molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, and aluminum. Based on the data of elemental analysis and 1H NMR spectra, the structural parameters of the hydrogenated feed vacuum distillation residues, are determined. The relationship between the structural and chemical parameters of the residues, conversion of raw materials, coke yield, and catalyst composition was established. Tar conversion and unsaturation of the vacuum residue, as structural parameter, increase in the series of Mo–Al, Ni, Mo–Co–Al, Mo, Mo–Co, Mo–Ni, Al catalysts.