gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Solar Array Plume Interactions on Hall Thruster Cathode Common Potentials (2016)

In typical implementations of spacecraft electric propulsion (EP) systems the electrical ground of the EP power processing units are resistively isolated from the main spacecraft electrical ground. Telemetry measuring the potential difference between EP power processing unit and the spacecraft electrical ground is usually referred to as the “cathode common” potential. In this paper we review flight and laboratory data on natural and EP generated plasma interactions with solar arrays, present the theory of spacecraft floating potentials, show how this theory is consistent with flight data, and extend this theory to spacecraft with high power Hall effect thrusters.
Resilience and Personality Traits among Living Liver and Kidney Donors (2014)

Live donors are resilient and show adaptive personality traits. It is difficult to conclude whether these traits were inspired by the act of donation or if they make one more apt to choose donation. Moreover, the study methods introduce the possibility of selection bias: those with certain characteristics may have been more likely to respond. Prospective studies before and after donation are warranted.
Tumor necrosis factor-α-associated lysosomal permeabilization is cathepsin B dependent (2002)

Cathepsin B (Cat B) is released from lysososomes during tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) cytotoxic signaling in hepatocytes and contributes to cell death. Sphingosine has recently been implicated in lysosomal permeabilization and is increased in the liver by TNF-alpha. Thus the aims of this study were to examine the mechanisms involved in TNF-alpha-associated lysosomal permeabilization, especially the role of sphingosine. Confocal microscopy demonstrated Cat B-green fluorescent protein and LysoTracker Red were both released from lysosomes after treatment of McNtcp.24 cells with TNF-alpha/actinomycin D, a finding compatible with lysosomal destabilization. In contrast, endosomes labeled with Texas Red dextran remained intact, suggesting lysosomes were specifically targeted for permeabilization. LysoTracker Red was released from lysosomes in hepatocytes treated with TNF-alpha or sphingosine in Cat B(+/+) but not Cat B(-/-) hepatocytes, as assessed by a fluorescence-based assay. With the use of a calcein release assay in isolated lysosomes, sphingosine permeabilized liver lysosomes isolated from Cat B(+/+) but not Cat B(-/-) liver. C(6) ceramide did not permeabilize lysosomes. In conclusion, these data implicate a sphingosine-Cat B interaction inducing lysosomal destabilization during TNF-alpha cytotoxic signaling.
Modelling, analysis and preliminary studies for automatic scooping (1993)

This paper introduces a fundamental step of process analysis and modelling for the scooping and loading function of a loader type excavating machine, which is considered as a robot manipulator. For many applications, such as remote excavation and loading/unloading of unpacked material with a mechanical loader and, on a smaller scale, scooping the food from a plate by an automatic patient feeder, it becomes necessary to analyze the motion and the forces involved in order to be able to automatically perform such a function. The paper discusses the mathematical approach for the model, the forces that are involved and their variation during scooping, and the most appropriate trajectory for the motion of the loading bucket.
Dynamic pulmonary CT perfusion using first-pass analysis technique with only two volume scans: Validation in a swine model (2020)

The first-pass analysis technique can accurately measure regional pulmonary perfusion and has the potential to reduce the radiation dose associated with dynamic CT perfusion for assessment of pulmonary disease.
Imaging the diffusion coefficient in a parabolic inverse problem in optical tomography (1999)

The elliptic systems method (ESM), previously developed by the second and third authors, is extended to the reconstruction of the diffusion coefficient of an inverse problem for the parabolic equation in the n-dimensional case (n = 2,3). This inverse problem has applications to optical imaging of small abnormalities hidden in a random media, such as biological tissues, foggy atmospheres, murky water, etc. Results of numerical experiments are presented in the two-dimensional case, for realistic ranges of the parameters.
Altered GluN2B NMDA receptor function and synaptic plasticity during early pathology in the PS2APP mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (2014)

GluN2B subunit containing NMDARs (GluN2B-NMDARs) mediate pathophysiological effects of acutely applied amyloid beta (Aβ), including impaired long-term potentiation (LTP). However, in transgenic Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse models which feature gradual Aβ accumulation, the function of GluN2B-NMDARs and their contribution to synaptic plasticity are unknown. Therefore, we examined the role of GluN2B-NMDARs in synaptic function and plasticity in the hippocampus of PS2APP transgenic mice. Although LTP induced by theta burst stimulation (TBS) was normal in PS2APP mice, it was significantly reduced by the selective GluN2B-NMDAR antagonist Ro25-6981 (Ro25) in PS2APP mice, but not wild type (wt) mice. While NMDARs activated by single synaptic stimuli were not blocked by Ro25, NMDARs recruited during burst stimulation showed larger blockade by Ro25 in PS2APP mice. Thus, the unusual dependence of LTP on GluN2B-NMDARs in PS2APP mice suggests that non-synaptic GluN2B-NMDARs are activated by glutamate that spills out of synaptic cleft during the burst stimulation used to induce LTP. While long-term depression (LTD) was normal in PS2APP mice, and Ro25 had no impact on LTD in wt mice, Ro25 impaired LTD in PS2APP mice, again demonstrating aberrant GluN2B-NMDAR function during plasticity. Together these results demonstrate altered GluN2B-NMDAR function in a model of early AD pathology that has implications for the therapeutic targeting of NMDARs in AD.
Primary dystonia: Moribund or viable (2013)

ABSTRACT With increasing understanding of dystonia genetic etiologies and pathophysiology there has been renewed scrutiny and reappraisal of dystonia classification schemes and nomenclature. One important category that includes both clinical and etiologic criteria is primary dystonia. This editorialized review discusses the impact of recent findings on primary dystonia criteria and argues that it remains useful in clinical and research practice. © 2013 Movement Disorder Society
Lightweight recoverable virtual memory (1993)

Recoverable virtual memory refers to regions of a virtual address space on which transactional guarantees are offered. This paper describes RVM , an efficient, portable, and easily used implementation of recoverable virtual memory for Unix environments. A unique characteristic of RVM is that it allows independent control over the transactional properties of atomicity, permanence, and serializability. This leads to considerable flexibility in the use of RVM, potentially enlarging the range of applications than can benefit from transactions. It also simplifies the layering of functionality such as nesting and distribution. The paper shows that RVM performs well over its intended range of usage even though it does not benefit from specialized operating system support. It also demonstrates the importance of intra- and intertransaction optimizations.
Magnetische Werkstoffe (1982)

Auch dieses Kapitel soll nicht alle einschlägigen Werkstoffe aufzählen und beschreiben, umso mehr aber die Gesichtspunkte herausstellen, nach denen man sie wertet und für die sehr unterschiedlichen Zwecke der Praxis auswählt oder zu verbessern sucht. Zur übersichtlichen Formulierung der Zusammenhänge und im Hinblick auf die später zu beschreibende Meßtechnik sei an einige Begriffe und Festlegungen von Dimensionen und Einheiten erinnert:
Highly Stable Liquid–Solid Metal Contact Toward Multilayered Detachable Flexible Devices (2015)

A liquid–solid metal contact for a multilayer detachable flexible device is proposed. The structure shows a low-contact resistance, high stability, and high reliability compared to conventional a solid–solid contact. As a proof-of-concept, a flexible device integrated with a light-emitting diode array is demonstrated by attaching to human skin. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Genomic Approach for Analysis of Surface Proteins inChlamydia pneumoniae (2002)

Chlamydia pneumoniae, a human pathogen causing respiratory infections and probably contributing to the development of atherosclerosis and heart disease, is an obligate intracellular parasite which for replication needs to productively interact with and enter human cells. Because of the intrinsic difficulty in working with C. pneumoniae and in the absence of reliable tools for its genetic manipulation, the molecular definition of the chlamydial cell surface is still limited, thus leaving the mechanisms of chlamydial entry largely unknown. In an effort to define the surface protein organization of C. pneumoniae, we have adopted a combined genomic-proteomic approach based on (i) in silico prediction from the available genome sequences of peripherally located proteins, (ii) heterologous expression and purification of selected proteins, (iii) production of mouse immune sera against the recombinant proteins to be used in Western blotting and fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analyses for the identification of surface antigens, and (iv) mass spectrometry analysis of two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) maps of chlamydial protein extracts to confirm the presence of the FACS-positive antigens in the chlamydial cell. Of the 53 FACS-positive sera, 41 recognized a protein species with the expected size on Western blots, and 28 of the 53 antigens shown to be surface-exposed by FACS were identified on 2DE maps of elementary-body extracts. This work represents the first systematic attempt to define surface protein organization in C. pneumoniae.
Lightweight Image Super-Resolution with Adaptive Weighted Learning Network (2019)

Deep learning has been successfully applied to the single-image super-resolution (SISR) task with great performance in recent years. However, most convolutional neural network based SR models require heavy computation, which limit their real-world applications. In this work, a lightweight SR network, named Adaptive Weighted Super-Resolution Network (AWSRN), is proposed for SISR to address this issue. A novel local fusion block (LFB) is designed in AWSRN for efficient residual learning, which consists of stacked adaptive weighted residual units (AWRU) and a local residual fusion unit (LRFU). Moreover, an adaptive weighted multi-scale (AWMS) module is proposed to make full use of features in reconstruction layer. AWMS consists of several different scale convolutions, and the redundancy scale branch can be removed according to the contribution of adaptive weights in AWMS for lightweight network. The experimental results on the commonly used datasets show that the proposed lightweight AWSRN achieves superior performance on x2, x3, x4, and x8 scale factors to state-of-the-art methods with similar parameters and computational overhead. Code is avaliable at: https://github.com/ChaofWang/AWSRN
Corrosion Behaviour of Mg98.5Nd1Zn0.5 (at. %) Alloy in Phosphate Buffered Saline Solution (2020)

The corrosion behaviour of Mg98.5-Nd1-Zn0.5 (at. %) alloy was studied in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution to evaluate its degradation performance as a potential candidate for biomedical applications. The alloy, produced by casting and hot extrusion, consists of a fine-grained magnesium matrix with an average grain size of 3.8 μm embedding a high volume fraction of (Mg, Zn)12Nd precipitates. Hydrogen release tests revealed a stable low corrosion rate of 0.6 mm/year after 24 h of immersion. Electrochemical testing data proved good correlation with the data from hydrogen evolution, with the corrosion rate stabilizing below 1 mm/year.
Anti‐CGRP monoclonal antibodies: breakthrough in migraine therapeutics (2019)

Migraine is considered as one of the most debilitating neurological disorders but the success of the anti‐calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) therapies marks a new era in the treatment of migraine and has paved way for further research into the exact pathophysiology of migraine. Here, the authors discuss their literature review on the anti‐CGRP therapies to examine the pathophysiology of migraine, with a focus on the possible role of CGRP and the safety and efficacy of monoclonal antibodies targeting it.
A dynamic wrinkle model in facial animation and skin ageing (1995)

Abstract This paper describes a dynamic model to simulate expressive wrinkles in 3D facial animation and skin ageing. A skin surface is defined that can slide over an underlying layer, which constrains the surface by a spring force that simulates the connective fat tissue between them. Muscle masks are constructed to characterize the muscular contractions that provide the facial movement. Skin deformation is simulated through an elastic process assembled with visco and plastic units. By adjusting parameters for this physically based model, distinctive wrinkles for different faces can be generated.
Theory of STATIC MODES SLIDING (2012)

This document is meant to be a detailed description of the idea of the static modes sliding, how it works, what are the problems, possible causes of inconsistency and purposes. The motivation for the static modes sliding comes from a necessity due to some problems related to the STATIC MODES SWITCHING. Namely the fact that if you switch modes on and off, during the switching phase, the systems is subject to an impulse of small amplitude due to the fact that the static modes are dynamically loaded and coupled to the constraints.
Clinical Potential of C-Reactive Protein and Procalcitonin Serum Concentrations To Guide Differential Diagnosis and Clinical Management of Pneumococcal and Legionella Pneumonia (2010)

We retrospectively analyzed the records of 61 hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae or Legionella pneumophila. We found that serum procalcitonin and sodium concentrations were significantly lower, and ferritin levels were significantly higher, in patients infected with L. pneumophila than in those infected with S. pneumoniae. The ratio of C-reactive protein to procalcitonin significantly distinguished between the groups. High procalcitonin levels were associated with an adverse clinical course.
Bacterial Adhesion, Cell Adhesion and Biocompatibility of Nafion Films (2009)

We investigated bioadhesion (bacterial and cell adhesion) and biocompatibility of poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-perfluoro-3,6-dioxa-4-methyl-7-octenesulfonic acid) (Nafion) and compared the results with those obtained with poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVFHFP). When incubated with bacteria for 4 h to 7 days, Nafion film exhibited scarce bacterial adhesion at 6 h, after which the adhesion gradually increasing to relatively low levels. In contrast, significant bacterial adhesion to PVFHFP film was observed at 4 h, and much higher adhesion levels were shown thereafter. Although HEp-2 human cells adhered normally to both films, reaching confluence in 7-8 days, the cells adhered to Nafion appeared more lively and stable than those to PVFHFP. Subcutaneous implantation in mice revealed that Nafion elicited a mild acute inflammatory reaction without chronic inflammation or tissue necrosis, indicating excellent biocompatibility in mice. PVFHFP, however, provoked a moderate and prolonged acute inflammatory response. These differences in the biological characteristics of Nafion and PVFHFP films may be attributable to the differences in the chemical and physical natures of these polymer films. Nafion film provided a sufficiently solid support, expressing a high surface charge density and good water-wettability. In summary, Nafion is suitable for use in biomedical applications that require biocompatibility with a reduced possibility of post-operative infections.
Chemoinformatic Analysis of GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) Flavor Chemicals and Natural Products (2012)

Food materials designated as "Generally Recognized as Safe" (GRAS) are attracting the attention of researchers in their attempts to systematically identify compounds with putative health-related benefits. In particular, there is currently a great deal of interest in exploring possible secondary benefits of flavor ingredients, such as those relating to health and wellness. One step in this direction is the comprehensive characterization of the chemical structures contained in databases of flavoring substances. Herein, we report a comprehensive analysis of the recently updated FEMA GRAS list of flavoring substances (discrete chemical entities only). Databases of natural products, approved drugs and a large set of commercial molecules were used as references. Remarkably, natural products continue to be an important source of bioactive compounds for drug discovery and nutraceutical purposes. The comparison of five collections of compounds of interest was performed using molecular properties, rings, atom counts and structural fingerprints. It was found that the molecular size of the GRAS flavoring substances is, in general, smaller cf. members of the other databases analyzed. The lipophilicity profile of the GRAS database, a key property to predict human bioavailability, is similar to approved drugs. Several GRAS chemicals overlap to a broad region of the property space occupied by drugs. The GRAS list analyzed in this work has high structural diversity, comparable to approved drugs, natural products and libraries of screening compounds. This study represents one step towards the use of the distinctive features of the flavoring chemicals contained in the GRAS list and natural products to systematically search for compounds with potential health-related benefits.
Chaotic synchronization induced by external noise in coupled limit cycle oscillators (2019)

A solvable model of noise effects on globally coupled limit cycle oscillators is proposed. The oscillators are under the influence of independent and additive white Gaussian noise. The averaged motion equation of the system with infinitely coupled oscillators is derived without any approximation through an analysis based on the nonlinear Fokker--Planck equation. Chaotic synchronization associated with the appearance of macroscopic chaotic behavior is shown by investigating the changes in averaged motion with increasing noise intensity.
Similar co-stimulation requirements of CD4+ and CD8+ primary T helper cells: role of IL-1 and IL-6 in inducing IL-2 secretion and subsequent proliferation (1992)

Primary murine CD4+ and CD8+ T helper (Th) cells provide help for various immune responses by secreting lymphokines which activate effector cells. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the co-stimulatory signals that, together with T cell receptor (TCR) cross-linking, induce phenotypically distinct primary Th cells to secrete IL-2 and proliferate. We isolated highly purified populations of primary CD4+ or CD8+ T cells and stimulated them in vitro with platebound anti-CD3 mAb. TCR cross-linking by anti-CD3 mAb induced both IL-2 receptor expression and responsiveness to exogenous IL-2, but was not sufficient to induce either IL-2 secretion or T cell proliferation. Rather, for both CD4+ and CD8+ primary Th cells, IL-2 secretion and proliferation required both TCR cross-linking and antigen presenting cell (APC)-derived co-stimulatory signals. Based on G-10 adherence and sensitivity to gamma-irradiation, the APC populations able to induce primary CD4+ Th cells and primary CD8+ Th cells to secrete IL-2 were indistinguishable. In addition, we found that either IL-1 or IL-6 could replace the requirement for APC-derived co-stimulatory signals for IL-2 secretion and proliferation by both primary CD4+ Th cells and primary CD8+ Th cells. Thus, the present study has examined and compared the co-stimulatory requirements of rigorously purified subsets of IL-2-secreting primary CD4+ and primary CD8+ T cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Single breath CO sub 2 analysis (1996)

Our initial experience with the single breath CO2 analysis station indicates that this device can reliably provide on-line evaluation of the single-breath CO2 waveform. In particular, estimation of the airway and physiologic deadspace under a variety of testing conditions was consistently within 5% of actual values. We feel that with further application and refinement of the technique, single breath CO2 analysis may provide a noninvasive, on-line monitor of changes in pulmonary blood flow.
Data from Effector Regulatory T Cells Reflect the Equilibrium between Antitumor Immunity and Autoimmunity in Adult T-cell Leukemia (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The regulatory T cells (Treg) with the most potent immunosuppressive activity are the effector Tregs (eTreg) with a CD45RA&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;Foxp3&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;CCR4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; phenotype. Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells often share the Treg phenotype and also express CCR4. Although mogamulizumab, a monoclonal antibody to CCR4, shows marked antitumor effects against ATL and peripheral T-cell lymphoma, concerns have been raised that it may induce severe autoimmune immunopathology by depleting eTregs. Here, we present case reports for two patients with ATL who responded to mogamulizumab but developed a severe skin rash and autoimmune brainstem encephalitis. Deep sequencing of the T-cell receptor revealed that ATL cells and naturally occurring Tregs within the cell population with a Treg phenotype can be clearly distinguished according to CADM1 expression. The onset of skin rash and brainstem encephalitis was coincident with eTreg depletion from the peripheral blood, whereas ATL relapses were coincident with eTreg recovery. These results imply that eTreg numbers in the peripheral blood sensitively reflect the equilibrium between antitumor immunity and autoimmunity, and that mogamulizumab might suppress ATL until the eTreg population recovers. Close monitoring of eTreg numbers is crucial if we are to provide immunomodulatory treatments that target malignancy without severe adverse events. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Immunol Res; 4(8); 644–9. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Synthèse et caractérisation de molécules tensioactives dérivées du benzimidazole (2006)

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Application of polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of poultry diseases (2001)

A summary is given of the principle, types, advantages and disadvanteges of the polymerase chain reaction(PCR), technology and its use for diagnosis of animal and poultry diseases as well as the existing problerms in its practical application.
Characterization of line-edge roughness in resist patterns and estimations of its effect on device performance (2003)

A guideline for evaluating LER and total procedure to estimate effects of measured LER on device performance were proposed. Spatial-frequency distributions of LER in various resist materials were investigated and general characteristics of spatial-frequency distribution of LER were obtained. Measurement parameters for accurate LER measurement can be calculated according to the guideline. Measured line-width distribution was used for predicting degradation and variation in MOS transistor performance using the 2D device simulation. Effect of long-period component of LER was clarified as well as short-period component.