gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CLIR Experiments at Maryland for TREC-2002: Evidence Combination for Arabic-English Retrieval (2003)

The focus of the experiments reported in this paper was techniques for combining evidence for crosslanguage retrieval, searching Arabic documents using English queries. Evidence from multiple sources of translation knowledge was combined to estimate translation probabilities, and four techniques for estimating query-language term weights from document-language evidence were tried. A new technique that exploits translation probability information was found to outperform a comparable technique in which that information was not used. Comparative results for three variants of Arabic “light” stemming are also presented. A simple variant of an existing stemming algorithm was found to result in significantly better retrieval effectiveness.
Discovering Phonetic Inventories with Crosslingual Automatic Speech Recognition (2022)

The high cost of data acquisition makes Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model training problematic for most existing languages, including languages that do not even have a written script, or for which the phone inventories remain unknown. Past works explored multilingual training, transfer learning, as well as zero-shot learning in order to build ASR systems for these low-resource languages. While it has been shown that the pooling of resources from multiple languages is helpful, we have not yet seen a successful application of an ASR model to a language unseen during training. A crucial step in the adaptation of ASR from seen to unseen languages is the creation of the phone inventory of the unseen language. The ultimate goal of our work is to build the phone inventory of a language unseen during training in an unsupervised way without any knowledge about the language. In this paper, we 1) investigate the influence of different factors (i.e., model architecture, phonotactic model, type of speech representation) on phone recognition in an unknown language; 2) provide an analysis of which phones transfer well across languages and which do not in order to understand the limitations of and areas for further improvement for automatic phone inventory creation; and 3) present different methods to build a phone inventory of an unseen language in an unsupervised way. To that end, we conducted mono-, multi-, and crosslingual experiments on a set of 13 phonetically diverse languages and several in-depth analyses. We found a number of universal phone tokens (IPA symbols) that are well-recognized cross-linguistically. Through a detailed analysis of results, we conclude that unique sounds, similar sounds, and tone languages remain a major challenge for phonetic inventory discovery.
FBXO7 Y52C Polymorphism as a Potential Protective Factor in Parkinson's Disease (2014)

Mutations in the F-box only protein 7 gene (FBXO7), the substrate-specifying subunit of SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, cause Parkinson's disease (PD)-15 (PARK15). To identify new variants, we sequenced FBXO7 cDNA in 80 Taiwanese early onset PD patients (age at onset ≤ 50) and only two known variants, Y52C (c.155A>G) and M115I (c.345G>A), were found. To assess the association of Y52C and M115I with the risk of PD, we conducted a case-control study in a cohort of PD and ethnically matched controls. There was a nominal difference in the Y52C G allele frequency between PD and controls (p = 0.045). After combining data from China [1], significant difference in the Y52C G allele frequency between PD and controls (p = 0.012) and significant association of G allele with decreased PD risk (p = 0.017) can be demonstrated. Upon expressing EGFP-tagged Cys52 FBXO7 in cells, a significantly reduced rate of FBXO7 protein decay was observed when compared with cells expressing Tyr52 FBXO7. In silico modeling of Cys52 exhibited a more stable feature than Tyr52. In cells expressing Cys52 FBXO7, the level of TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) was significantly reduced. Moreover, Cys52 FBXO7 showed stronger interaction with TRAF2 and promoted TRAF2 ubiquitination, which may be responsible for the reduced TRAF2 expression in Cys52 cells. After induced differentiation, SH-SY5Y cells expressing Cys52 FBXO7 displayed increased neuronal outgrowth. We therefore hypothesize that Cys52 variant of FBXO7 may contribute to reduced PD susceptibility in Chinese.
Macrophages for Immunotherapy (2004)

Macrophage efficiently kill and phagocyte tumour cells in vitro. To harness the potential therapeutic value of these cells, we have developed a single use Cell Processor able to generate large number of clinical grade Monocyte-derived Activated Killer cells (MAK®). These macrophages were armed with a bispecific antibody (MDX-H210, Medarex Inc., Keler, 1997), recognizing CD64/FcγRl (on the MAK cell) and the oncoprotein HER-2/neu on tumour cell and present several anti-tumoural effector functions.
Viscous Regularization of Breaking Faraday Waves (2018)

The effect of the viscosity of a liquid on the parameters of standing surface gravity waves in a vertically oscillating rectangular vessel has been experimentally studied. It has been shown for the first time that a 60-fold increase in the viscosity of a working medium as compared to water fundamentally changes the parameters of the second nonlinear wave mode: waves are regularized in the total absence of their breaking. The effect of viscosity on the resonance dependences and process of damping of waves has been studied. The numerical analysis of the dispersion relation for gravity waves has shown that the effects observed in the experiment are due to the presence of short-range perturbations in the cutoff region, where viscous dissipation becomes a dominant factor and short waves are suppressed.
300 μm Deep through silicon via in laser-ablated CMOS multi-project wafer for cost-effective development of integrated MEMS (2017)

This study has opened a possibility to fabricate through silicon vias (TSV) in a LSI wafer available by commercial multi-project wafer (MPW) service and integrate the LSI and MEMS by wafer bonding. 300 μm deep Cu annular type TSV were fabricated in a TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS LSI MPW cut into 4" diameter. The developed TSV process managed mechanically fragile property of the laser-ablated MPW by low stress TEOS PECVD SiO2 backfilling, surface planarization, temporally wafer support etc. The LSI and MEMS were integrated by Au-Au thermocompression bonding at 300°C, and the completed device worked via the TSV as designed. “Tohoku TSV CMOS-MEMS platform” presented in this paper gives many chances for cost-effective development of surface-mountable CMOS-integrated MEMS.
Antigen‐specific TGF‐β1 Secretion with Bovine Myelin Oral Tolerization in Multiple Sclerosis (1996)

Multiple sclerosis is a presumed autoimmune disease, associated with inflammation in the CNS white matter, mediated by autoreactive T cells. We previously reported that oral myelin tolerization of relapsing-remitting MS patients resulted in fewer attacks, as compared to a placebo-fed group. Here, we examined whether oral tolerization with bovine myelin resulted in altered autoreactive T-cell populations or altered T-cell fraction. We generated 4,620 T-cell lines from 34 relapsing-remitting MS patients (17 were fed bovine myelin daily), and each line was examined for proliferation to MBP, PLP, and TT and for secretion of IL-4, IFN-gamma, and TGF-beta1. The frequency of TGF-beta1-secreting T-cell lines after MBP and PLP stimulation in fed patients was greater than that of nonfed patients. These experiments demonstrate that oral tolerization with autoantigen results in altered cytokine secretion in a human autoimmune disease with the generation of TGF-beta1-secreting T cells that may regulate the inflammatory response at the site of the demyelinating lesions in multiple sclerosis. These data provide the first evidence of antigen-specific modification of cytokine secretion in a human autoimmune disease.
Last block logging mechanism for improving performance and lifetime on SCM-based file system (2014)

The emerging Storage Class Memory, which offers characteristics of byte-addressability, persistence, and low power consumption, will be expected to replace memory/storages. A new file system is required in this environment. In the design of file systems, data consistency is one of the most important issues that should be taken into account. To do this, most file systems exploit journaling or shadow paging for the consistency. Shadow paging employs copy-on-write for the consistency. However, it incurs many copy overheads. In order to relieve these problems, BPFS proposed a short-circuit shadow paging. But, in our experiments, we showed that it incurs many copy-on-write blocks as ever. In this paper, we propose a last block logging mechanism for improving the performance and the lifetime of SCM-based file system, by reducing copy-on-write blocks considerably. Our approach is to store the only changed contents to the available space of the last block, instead of performing copy-on-write on the entire block. Also, our approach updates the address of the last block and maintains the information on the logged data in order to ensure the data consistency. SQLite benchmark shows that the proposed mechanism reduces the overall elapsed time by 14% and the written data amount up to 72%, compared to the mechanism of BPFS.
Organocatalytic Copolymerization of Cyclic Lysine Derivative and ε-Caprolactam toward Antibacterial Nylon-6 Polymers (2021)

Functional polymers of nylon-6, particularly those with sustained antibacterial functions, have many practical applications. However, the development of functional ε-caprolactam monomers for the subsequent ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) formation of these materials remains a challenge. Here we report a <i>t</i>-BuP<sub>4</sub>-mediated ROCOP of dimethyl-protected cyclic lysine with ε-caprolactam, followed by quaternization, affording antibacterial nylon-6 polymers bearing quaternary ammonium functionality with high molecular weight (up to 77.4 kDa). The antibacterial nylon-6 polymers exhibited good physical and mechanical properties and strong antimicrobial activities. At 25 mol % quaternary ammonium group incorporation, the nylon-6 polymer demonstrated complete killing of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (Gram-positive) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (Gram-negative). The results from this study may provide a strategy for the facile preparation of antibacterial nylon-6 polymers to addressing the public health and safety challenges.
Csy4 is responsible for CRISPR RNA processing inPectobacterium atrosepticum (2011)

CRISPR/Cas systems provide bacteria and archaea with small RNA-based adaptive immunity against foreign elements such as phages and plasmids. An important step in the resistance mechanism involves the generation of small guide RNAs (crRNAs) that, in combination with Cas proteins, recognize and inhibit foreign nucleic acids in a sequence specific manner. The generation of crRNAs requires processing of the primary CRISPR RNA by an endoribonuclease. In this study we have characterized the Ypest subtype CRISPR/Cas system in the plant pathogen Pectobacterium atrosepticum. We analyse the transcription of the cas genes and the 3 CRISPR arrays. The cas genes are expressed as an operon and all three CRISPR arrays are transcribed and processed into small RNAs. The Csy4 protein was identified as responsible for processing of CRISPR RNA in vivo and in vitro into crRNAs and appears to interact with itself in the absence of other Cas proteins. This study furthers our understanding of the CRISPR/Cas mechanism by providing the first in vivo evidence that the CRISPR endoribonuclease Csy4 generates crRNAs in its native host and characterizes the operonic transcription of the cas cluster.
SU‐G‐TeP3‐10: Radiation Induces Prompt Live‐Cell Metabolic Fluxes (2016)

Purpose: To compare metabolic dynamics and HIF‐1α expression following radiation between a cancerous cell line (UM‐SCC‐22B) and a normal, immortalized cell line, NOK (Normal Oral Keratinocyte). HIF‐1 is a key factor in metabolism and radiosensitivity. A better understanding of how radiation affects the interplay of metabolism and HIF‐1 might give a better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for radiosensitivity. Methods: Changes in cellular metabolism in response to radiation are tracked by fluorescence lifetime of NADH. Expression of HIF‐1α was measured by immunofluorescence for both cell lines with and without irradiation. Radiation response is also monitored with additional treatment of a HIF‐1α inhibitor (chrysin) as well as a radical scavenger (glutathione). Changes in oxygen consumption and respiratory capacity are also monitored using the Seahorse XF analyzer. Results: An increase in HIF‐1α was found to be in response to radiation for the cancer cell line, but not the normal cell line. Radiation was found to shift metabolism toward glycolytic pathways in cancer cells as measured by oxygen consumption and respiratory capacity. Radiation response was found to be muted by addition of glutathione to cell media. HIF‐1α inhibition similarly muted radiation response in cancer. Conclusion: The HIF‐1 protein complex is a key regulator cellular metabolism through the regulation of glycolysis and glucose transport enzymes. Moreover, HIF‐1 has shown radio‐protective effects in tumor vascular endothelia, and has been implicated in metastatic aggression. Monitoring interplay between metabolism and the HIF‐1 protein complex can give a more fundamental understanding of radiotherapy response.
Hair cycle‐dependent expression of heat shock proteins in hair follicle epithelium (1997)

These observations suggest that the synthesis of HSPs by hair bulb keratinocytes is related to the anagen-catagen transformation of the follicle, possibly reflecting keratinocyte apoptosis and/or terminal differentiation in the regressing, cycling portion of the follicle. In addition, the rather proximal localization of HSP expression makes it unlikely that the HSPs examined interact with the more distally located intrafollicular gamma/delta T-cell receptor-positive lymphocytes.
A Multi-Objective Design Optimization of a Smart Magneto-Rheological Prosthetic Knee (2009)

Magneto-rheological (MR) fluids have been successfully introduced to prosthetic devices. One such a device is a biomechanical prosthetic knee joint that uses a MR fluid to actively control its rotary stiffness while an amputee walks. The knee is a synergy of artificial intelligence, advanced sensors and MR actuator technology. The MR fluid has response time in the order of milliseconds, making it possible to vary the knee’s stiffness in real-time, depending on sensors data. The focus of this paper is on the design of the magnetic circuit of the actuator and on the geometry of the fluid chamber. The paper describes the function of the MR rotary actuator and shows how design optimization techniques can aid in the development of the actuator. The design is optimized, with respect to three important design objectives. These objectives are: the maximum obtainable field-induced braking torque, the minimum obtainable rotary damping in the absence of a magnetic field, and the weight of the actuator. Multi-objective design optimization techniques are presented and applied to the prosthetic knee actuator design problem. Trade-offs between design objectives are investigated giving valuable information on the development of the actuator. Maximizing the field-induced braking torque is important for the knee to be capable of supporting heavy amputees. Minimizing the off-state stiffness is important for fast movements of the knee, in load-free movements. Furthermore, minimizing the weight of the actuator is important for allowing heavy components like batteries to be installed. It is realized that these design objectives can not be addressed separately and to some extend, the design goals are contradictory. Mathematical models are presented that describe the design objectives as a function of selected design parameters. Determining the field-induced braking torque requires a magnetic finite element analysis, to evaluate the magnetic flux density in the MR fluid, and the shear-yield stress curve of the MR fluid. Evaluating the off-state stiffness requires the off-state viscosity of the MR fluid, along with friction in bearings and oil seals. The models are based on rheological measurements of the MR fluid employed in the knee. Evaluating the weight of the actuator requires the geometry of the actuator and the density of its materials. The optimization is restricted by practical manufacturing design constraints. Mapping the dependency between the maximum torque, the minimum damping, and the weight of the MR actuator gives valuable insight into the design of the prosthetic knee actuator.
New experimental evidence of the influence of permeability on acoustic wave propagation: Attenuation of ultrasonic guided waves in rock plates (1987)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1987New experimental evidence of the influence of permeability on acoustic wave propagation: Attenuation of ultrasonic guided waves in rock platesAuthors: Patrick N. J. RasolofosaonPatrick N. J. RasolofosaonInstitut Français du Pétrole, Francehttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1892014 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1892014FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1987ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1987 Pages: 923 publication data© 1987 Copyright © 1987 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 07 Mar 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Patrick N. J. Rasolofosaon, (1987), "New experimental evidence of the influence of permeability on acoustic wave propagation: Attenuation of ultrasonic guided waves in rock plates," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 670-673. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1892014 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Filling Pressures of the Heart and Pulmonary Circulation of the Patient with Coronary-artery Disease after Large Intravenous Doses of Morphine (1975)

Filling pressures of the heart and hemodynamic responses were studied before, during, and after administration of morphine, 2 mg/kg, intravenously (5 mg per minute) in eight patients with coronary-artery disease and normal ventricular contractility requiring myocardial revascularization. Left-heart filling pressure (LHFP) was estimated by measuring balloon-occluded pulmonary arterial pressure via a Swan-Ganz catheter, and right-heart filling pressure (RHFP) by right atrial pressure measurements. LHFP and RHFP were unchanged until 1.5 mg/kg morphine had been administered; after 2 mg/kg, LHFP had risen from a control level of 6.9 plus or minus 0.8 to 10.6 plus or minus 1.1 mm Hg (P less than .01) and RHFP from 2.9 plus or minus 0.4 to 4.9 plus or minus 0.8 mm Hg (P less than .05). Heart rate (P less than .02) and rate-pressure product (P less than .05), an indirect index of myocardial oxygen consumption, decreased throughout the study period. Systemic arterial pressure, cardiac index, and left ventricular stroke work decreased significantly only at the 0.5 mg/kg dose level, while systemic vascular resistance and stroke index remained unchanged. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure increased (P less than .05) after 1.5 mg/kg morphine, but pulmonary vascular resistance was unchanged. PaC02, pH, base excess, and hematocrit were constant throughout the study period. These data indicate that doses of morphine to 2 mg/kg, iv, are well tolerated by, and, presumably, decrease the myocardial oxygen consumption of, patients with coronary-artery disease. The hemodynamic response resembles that seen in man without hear or lung disease.
Unraveling 1-Hexene Hydrogenation over Dilute Pd-in-Au Alloys (2022)

Dilute Pd-in-Au alloys are valuable materials for selectively hydrogenating alkynes and isomerizing alkenes. By diluting Pd in a Au host, the selectivity toward semihydrogenated alkene isomers can be significantly enhanced and the unfavorable overhydrogenation to alkanes is suppressed. However, a detailed mechanistic study on the origin of the enhanced alkene selectivity over dilute alloy catalysts is still missing. Here, we combine experiment and theory to unravel the reaction mechanism, identifying rate-limiting and selectivity-controlling steps in 1-hexene hydrogenation over dilute Pd-in-Au catalysts. Using isotope-exchange hydrogenation experiments, we show that 1-hexene and hydrogen over a bimetallic Pd4Au96 in silica catalyst preferentially form 1-hexene isomers, (trans and cis) 2- and 3-hexene and only a small amounts of hexane. The reaction is consistent with a Horiuti–Polanyi mechanism, similar to a monometallic Pd nanoparticle catalyst. Computation of the free-energy profiles for 1-hexene hydrogenation and isomerization over a single Pd atom in a Au surface using first principles calculations indicated that the isomerization of 1-hexene to 2-hexene is energetically favorable due to the relatively large barrier for H2 dissociation preventing hydrogenation to n-hexane. Microkinetic modeling established that H2 dissociation on the single-atom Pd sites and H spillover from these sites onto the Au host are rate-limiting and key in steering the selectivity of dilute Pd-in-Au alloys toward the hexene isomers. The mechanistic insights from this study contribute to the rational design of optimized dilute alloy catalysts for selective alkene isomerization.
Hair’s the Question: Labs questions (2012)

1. Sara Wasserbauer, MD (drwasserbauer{at}californiahairsurgeon.com) 1. Walnut Creek, California, USA </br>![][1]</img> Do you check blood tests before a surgery? Most surgeons I surveyed said no—not unless something unusual was involved in the case. Nevertheless, there are several lab
Randomized, phase 2, dose-ranging study in the treatment of rosacea with encapsulated benzoyl peroxide gel. (2014)

1% and 5% E-BPO were superior to vehicle in reducing papulopustular lesions P =0.01 and P =0.02. 5% E-BPO was superior to vehicle for IGA P =0.0013.
Mandarin Tone Identification in Cochlear Implant Users Using Exaggerated Pitch Contours (2016)

These results demonstrate markedly impaired ability for CI users to identify tonal contours, but suggest that the use of exaggerated pitch contours may be helpful for tonal language perception.
Metabolic Glycan Labeling of Cancer Cells Using Variably Acetylated Monosaccharides (2022)

Methylcyclopropene (Cyoc)-tagged tetra-acetylated monosaccharides, and in particular mannosamine derivatives, are promising tools for medical imaging of cancer using metabolic oligosaccharide engineering and the extremely fast inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder bioorthogonal reaction. However, the <i>in vivo</i> potential of these monosaccharide derivatives has yet to be fully explored due to their low aqueous solubility. To address this issue, we sought to vary the extent of acetylation of Cyoc-tagged monosaccharides and probe its effect on the extent of glycan labeling in various cancer cell lines. We demonstrate that, in the case of Ac<i><sub>x</sub></i>ManNCyoc, tri- and diacetylated derivatives generated significantly enhanced cell labeling compared to the tetra-acetylated monosaccharide. In contrast, for the more readily soluble azide-tagged sugars, a decrease in acetylation led to decreased glycan labeling. Ac<sub>3</sub>ManNCyoc gave better labeling than the azido-tagged Ac<sub>4</sub>ManNAz and has significant potential for <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> imaging of glycosylated cancer biomarkers.