gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cannabis sativaand the Endogenous Cannabinoid System: Therapeutic Potential for Appetite Regulation (2011)

The herb Cannabis sativa (C. sativa) has been used in China and on the Indian subcontinent for thousands of years as a medicine. However, since it was brought to the UK and then the rest of the western world in the late 19th century, its use has been a source of controversy. Indeed, its psychotropic side effects are well reported but only relatively recently has scientific endeavour begun to find valuable uses for either the whole plant or its individual components. Here, we discuss evidence describing the endocannabinoid system, its endogenous and exogenous ligands and their varied effects on feeding cycles and meal patterns. Furthermore we also critically consider the mounting evidence which suggests non-Δ(9) tetrahydrocannabinol phytocannabinoids play a vital role in C. sativa-induced feeding pattern changes. Indeed, given the wide range of phytocannabinoids present in C. sativa and their equally wide range of intra-, inter- and extra-cellular mechanisms of action, we demonstrate that non-Δ(9) tetrahydrocannabinol phytocannabinoids retain an important and, as yet, untapped clinical potential.
Use of side information in frequency-hop packet radio network protocols (2002)

Reliable data distribution within spread-spectrum packet radio networks requires high performance from the communication links and the network protocols. Side information can be extracted from the received signals, and this information can be used to improve the quality of the links and to aid the network protocols in establishing reliable routes in the network. Reliable side information is obtained in the slow-frequency-hop (SFH) receiver from the demodulation of test symbols that are inserted into the message stream at the transmitter. Results are reported on an evaluation of techniques and algorithms for using this side information to enhance link and network performance in SFH spread-spectrum packet radio networks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Catalytic Ozonation with Activated Carbon for Degradation of Polyacrylamide in Wastewater (2021)

With the development of tertiary oil, the technology of polymer oil displacement has been widely used. The treatment of the oilfield wastewater become harder, owing to the extensive use of the polyacrylamide (PAM) in oil displacement. This experiment explored the modified activated carbon surface properties on the removal rate of PAM, under the conditions of the temperature 50 °C, the ozone concentration 5 L/min, the reaction time 1 h . The activated carbon(AC) was modified by copper, iron, nitrogen-containing compound. And the turbidity method was used to analyze the PAM concentration. The experimental results showed that the best modifier was ethylenediamine, which had less nitrogen; the optimum modification conditions of cupric nitrate were the calcination temperature 500 °C, maceration 15 mL; the optimum modification conditions of iron nitrate were the calcination temperature 550 °C, maceration 20 mL.
Thinned Backside Illuminated Ccds For Ultraviolet, Soft X-Ray And Electron-Beam Imaging (1989)

THOMSON-CSF is developing thinned CCDs for backside illumination which will provide high quantum efficiency for the detection of UV, soft X-ray and electrons of a few keV. The most critical stage of the process is the backside treatment of the thinned devices : accumulation condition is necessary to prevent recombination of the photoelectrons created near the back surface. The backside process developed at THOMSON-CSF involves a shallow p+ implantation activated by laser annealing. Results obtained on thinned frame-transfer CCDs (576 x 384 Pixels) are presented : a quantum efficiency of 50% at 3500 &Aring; (25°C) and in excess of 60% in the range 4000 &Aring; - 6500 &Aring; (25°C) without antireflection coating. Preliminary results with VUV and soft X-ray are also given.
Development of cylinder hollow structure with flow sensor by film transfer technology (2016)

We previously proposed the smooth-surfaced flexible sensor for detecting wall shear stress, and developed the fabrication process to assemble the sensor onto the flexible flat surface. This time, we newly proposed a cylinder hollow structure with the flow sensor to easily attach and detach the flow sensor onto the guide wire in the commercialized basket forceps, and challenged to assemble the sensor element onto the curved cylinder hollow surface by applying the film transfer technology. The two-layer film structure was introduced to produce the cylinder hollow with the thermal flow sensor, and its fabrication process was developed. The macroscopic model of the cylinder hollow with the thermal flow sensor was fabricated. Two fundamental flow sensor characteristics of the thermal flow sensor were evaluated. The shorten response time of 17 ms was obtained because of the thinness of the parylene film substrate. The flow rate detection property was obeyed the King's law.
An Introduction to Thermodynamics, the Kinetic Theory of Gases, and Statistical Mechanics (1953)

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T-wave alternans spectral magnitude is sensitive to electrocardiographic beat alignment strategy (2002)

The authors studied the effect of beat alignment on the resolution of T-wave alternans (TWA). ECG leads I, avF and V1 were recorded during pacing in 23 patients, and QRS complexes aligned by (i) peak voltage, (ii) dot product, (ii) QRS fiducial, (iv) pacing artifact. TWA was computed as the T-wave power spectral sum at 0.5 cycles/beat. Fifteen patients had inducible ventricular tachycardia (VT) and 8 were non-inducible. From the latter group, 20/24 leads failed to exhibit TWA and were used to simulate alternans via a 1% augmentation of alternate STU segments. TWA was subsequently retrieved from 46%, 100%, 74% and 92% of simulations, with TWA ratios of 2.98, 5.02, 3.68, 4.49 with each alignment. Similar magnitude and sensitivity trends were seen in the VT group. Dot product beat alignment may optimize TWA detection and improve its utility in predicting VT risk.
Cognitive Workload Impacts of Simulated Visibility Changes During Search and Surveillance Tasks Quantified by Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (2022)

Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) enables investigation of hemodynamics and cortical activation in lab and field settings. Studies utilizing fNIRS in realistic complex environments are limited, and studies with real-time applications often lack the accompaniment of realistic settings or scenarios. Investigations of neuronal activation focused on improving human performance during complex and cognitively taxing tasks, like those experienced by unmanned aerial systems sensor operators, have yielded a knowledge gap regarding studies with ecological validity, and distinction between condition difficulties. This gap resulted from limitations in experimental design to account for realistic experiences within dynamic environments, missing fundamental transitional load details of realistic cognitive tasks. This article sought to evaluate cognitive workload in conjunction with behavioral task performance in novice sensor operators. During the experimental protocol, operators engaged with complex tasks under distinct task load conditions, implemented using a high-fidelity simulator and changes in time of day. Linear mixed effects models and multiple contrast post hoc results confirmed that simulated time-of-day visibility changes effectively modulated task load, with distinctions between easy, medium and hard conditions. Using a visibility through changes in time of day paradigm is an effective method for mimicking real-life conditions of sensor operators; however, disengagement may occur if subjects are not adequately trained.
Scapulohumeral Rhythm of Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasties During Abduction (2018)

Background:Little is known about scapular kinematics in patients with reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA). Understanding how RTSA affects shoulder function may help refine its design, use, a...
Overcoming Pitfalls in Boundary Elements Calculations with Computer Simulations of Ion Selective Membrane Electrodes (2017)

Finite difference analysis of ion-selective membranes is a valuable tool for understanding a range of time dependent phenomena such as response times, long and medium term potential drifts, determination of selectivity, and (re)conditioning kinetics. It is here shown that an established approach based on the diffusion layer model applied to an ion-exchange membrane fails to use mass transport to account for concentration changes at the membrane side of the phase boundary. Instead, such concentrations are imposed by the ion-exchange equilibrium condition, without taking into account the source of these ions. The limitation is illustrated with a super-Nernstian potential jump, where a membrane initially void of analyte ion is exposed to incremental concentrations of analyte in the sample. To overcome this limitation, the two boundary elements, one at either side of the sample-membrane interface, are treated here as a combined entity and its total concentration change is dictated by diffusional fluxes into and out of the interface. For each time step, the concentration distribution between the two boundary elements is then computed by ion-exchange theory. The resulting finite difference simulation is much more robust than the earlier model and gives a good correlation to experiments.
Modulatory Effects of Sex Steroids Progesterone and Estradiol on Odorant Evoked Responses in Olfactory Receptor Neurons (2016)

The influence of the sex steroid hormones progesterone and estradiol on physiology and behavior during menstrual cycles and pregnancy is well known. Several studies indicate that olfactory performance changes with cyclically fluctuating steroid hormone levels in females. Knowledge of the exact mechanisms behind how female sex steroids modulate olfactory signaling is limited. A number of different known genomic and non-genomic actions that are mediated by progesterone and estradiol via interactions with different receptors may be responsible for this modulation. Next generation sequencing-based RNA-Seq transcriptome data from the murine olfactory epithelium (OE) and olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) revealed the expression of several membrane progestin receptors and the estradiol receptor Gpr30. These receptors are known to mediate rapid non-genomic effects through interactions with G proteins. RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining results provide evidence for progestin and estradiol receptors in the ORNs. These data support the hypothesis that steroid hormones are capable of modulating the odorant-evoked activity of ORNs. Here, we validated this hypothesis through the investigation of steroid hormone effects by submerged electro-olfactogram and whole cell patch-clamp recordings of ORNs. For the first time, we demonstrate that the sex steroid hormones progesterone and estradiol decrease odorant-evoked signals in the OE and ORNs of mice at low nanomolar concentrations. Thus, both of these sex steroids can rapidly modulate the odor responsiveness of ORNs through membrane progestin receptors and the estradiol receptor Gpr30.
A precise clock synchronization method using ISDN (1999)

In this paper, a precise clock synchronization method using ISDN is proposed. Time period measurement and time offset measurement are necessary for clock synchronization. Our method measures time periods using a framing clock signal. Time offset measurement is accomplished by directly connecting the computers with an ISDN circuit switch, acquiring the timestamp of the time offset measurement packets via hardware components, and synchronizing the phase of a clock signal for time period measurement and termination timing of the transmission and reception of time offset measurement packets. Implementation and evaluation showed that the error inherent in time offset measurement is mainly caused by the difference in the round-trip delay times of time offset measurement packets. The range of variation of the error can be decreased by estimating the confidence interval of the error from the statistical properties of the error caused by the difference of round-trip delay times. © 1999 Scripta Technica, Syst Comp Jpn, 30(5): 38–46, 1999
A Tactile Internet demonstration: 1ms ultra low delay for wireless communications towards 5G (2016)

Communication technologies of the Tactile Internet have to achieve a combination of extremely low latency under high reliability and security constraints. The targeted applications are in the fields of industry automation and transport systems, healthcare, education and gaming. 5G addresses tactile use cases under the term mission-critical machine type communication. We demonstrate a first implementation of a wireless broadband communication system utilizing 20MHz bandwidth which can achieve a round-trip delay below 1 ms. Delay measurements were performed between two endpoints over the air. The system is based on a flexible Software Defined Radio (SDR) toolkit with PHY and MAC signal processing algorithms implemented on a multi-core DSP platform. The demonstration shows a live end-to-end transmission of real data packets while at the same time evaluating latency probes. In addition, we show the general feasibility of real-time implementation of ultra-low delay signal processing on SDRs. Finally, we give results by evaluation of latency and reliability performance indicators.
Optical transmission characteristics of erbium fibre amplifiers in the 1.3 μm window (1990)

Measurements of the transmission of an erbium doped fibre amplifier between 1.05 μm-1.35 μm are reported. Excited state absorption at 1.14 μm and gain at 1.24 μm are observed.
Implantable loop recorder undersensing mimicking complete heart block (2002)

The newer implantable loop recorders recently introduced (Reveal Plus. Medtronic Inc, Minneapolis, MN, U.S.A.). equipped with auto activation capabilities, are expected to expand our diagnostic abilities in the investigation of syncopal episodes. The case presented here is that of a man with pre-syncopal and syncopal episodes, without organic heart disease, in whom the device was auto-activated due to undersensing and the recorded strip imitated complete heart block. Increased attention should be given by the interpreter of the device's recordings to avoid false positive diagnoses that might lead to serious therapeutic actions.
Non-nutritive Sweeteners Induce Hypothalamic ER Stress Causing Abnormal Axon Outgrowth (2019)

With the prevalence of obesity, non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) have been widely used as sugar substitutes as they deliver a sweet taste without excessive caloric load. However, it is increasingly recognized that NNS are not inert compounds and may cause long-term metabolic perturbations. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has emerged as a critical link in the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. In this study, we investigated the effects of NNS found in common diet beverages (i.e., sucralose, aspartame, acesulfame potassium) and a natural sweetener (i.e., rebaudioside A) on ER stress in the hypothalamic cell line mHypoE-N43/5 <i>in vivo</i> and on axonal outgrowth <i>ex vivo</i>. Sucralose, aspartame, and acesulfame potassium caused elevated ER stress gene expression in mHypoE-N43/5 cells, with sucralose and acesulfame potassium having the most potent effect. Moreover, acesulfame potassium treatment reduced axon outgrowth from arcuate nucleus explants and this effect was attenuated with the ER stress-relieving drug tauroursodeoxycholic acid. Furthermore, sucralose induced cytotoxicity and acesulfame potassium increases caspase3/7 activity at high concentrations in mHypoE-N43/5 cells. In contrast, rebaudioside A only had moderate effects on hypothalamic ER stress and no adverse effects on axon outgrowth, cytotoxicity, or caspase3/7 activity. Together, our data reveal that commonly consumed NNS cause cellular stress in hypothalamic cells disrupting axon outgrowth and that these biological alterations are not seen with rebaudioside A. These data provide biological plausibility for some NNS to adversely impact metabolic health and identifies rebaudioside A as a sweetener with lower detrimental biological impact on hypothalamic cells.
Now casting Anthropogenic Ocean Noise in High Pressure Areas (2012)

In order to address the issue of ambient noise monitoring under the Marine Strategy Framework Directive, a global anthropogenic noise prediction system called Quonops© has been designed similarly to meteorological forecasting systems. Quonops© combines real-time environmental data and real-time human information and assimilates real-time acoustic measurements to produce the resulting 3D ocean noise fields as a function of time. The system has been thought to cover most basins and activities. The French Hydrographic Office and ENSTA Bretagne have conducted a monitoring experiment in the West-end of the British Channel in the vicinity of the Ushant traffic separation scheme. Two hydrophones were deployed at about mid-depth, one at the border of the south-going route, another 10NM off the same route. It has been observed that even with high noise levels, the measure is likely to be affected by local events, inducing up to 30dB dynamics at the scale of hours. Quonops© has been implemented to now-cast the low frequency noise in the same area. The comparison at the hydrophone locations of the prediction and measurement has shown good agreement, predicting in particular the statistical and stochastic content of the ambient noise in such a high pressure area.
Metodologias de avaliação e suas relações na qualidade do processo de ensino e aprendizagem em matemática (2017)

Os métodos de avaliação da aprendizagem são muito importantes durante todo o processo de ensino, mas percebe-se que há falhas em suas utilizações, ao invés de serem usados juntos para garantir ao aluno um aprendizado e acompanhamento de qualidade, percebemos que são utilizados apenas com o intuito de atribuir notas, ou talvez nem sejam utilizados, percebe-se que muitos educadores trabalham apenas com a avaliação somativa como instrumento durante todo o período letivo. O Argumento de que os alunos não são capazes, não estão interessados, entre outros são muito utilizados como desculpas para acomodar-se, há casos e casos, onde realmente existe a falta de interesse dos alunos, falta de recursos para um ensino diferenciado, entre outros, mas o que mais encontramos são alunos com uma grande defasagem não por falta de interesse ou capacidade, mas sim por ter professores que não analisam seus métodos de ensino e avaliação, não oferecem ao aluno todos os instrumentos possíveis para seu aprendizado e por fim não se auto avaliam para passar aos seus alunos de forma que cada qual compreenda, seja brincando, conversando, observando, entre outras; Com base em grandes autores o presente artigo defende a utilização de todos os métodos de avaliação proporcionando assim um ensino de qualidade, pois avaliar não é apenas nos finais de semestres ou bimestres e sim durante todo o período letivo.
A Minimally Invasive Technique for Decompression of the Lumbar Spine (2002)

Microendoscopic laminotomy can be used to decompress the spinal canal as effectively as an open laminotomy and may prove to be beneficial in decreasing the complications and morbidity of standard treatments for lumbar stenosis.
World's First Hybrid Inflow Control Completion in India's Largest Onshore Oil Field (2011)

Abstract The Mangala oil field, onshore Rajasthan, India, is the country’s largest onshore oil producer. The field holds large reserves of high wax viscous crude which have a number of significant production challenges, one of which is an unfavourable oil/water mobility ratio. The FM3 and FM4 sand units in the Mangala reservoir are being developed with horizontal wells and the well design required a completion to manage sand production and the adverse oil to water mobility ratio with a preference for minimal well intervention. These reservoir units are composed of thick high-permeability sandstones. It was recognised that field recovery and production rates would be optimised by the application of the most suitable technologies available in inflow control management. This paper describes the successful implementation of the world’s first hybrid inflow control completion for a high wax viscous crude reservoir, including: the hybrid inflow control device selection, completion design and installation, and post-production logs which confirm the performance of this world’s first completion system.
Endoscopic Colloid Cyst Resection in the Absence of Ventriculomegaly (2013)

Normal-size ventricles are not a contraindication to endoscopic removal of third ventricular colloid cysts. Complication rates are at least comparable to those of patients with ventriculomegaly or to those undergoing open microsurgical resection.
Detection of germline mutations in the von Hippel-Lindau disease gene by the primer specified restriction map modification method. (1995)

Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) is an inherited disorder characterised by a predisposition to develop tumours in the eyes, central nervous system, kidneys, and adrenal glands. Recently the VHL gene was cloned and shown to be mutated in 75% of US and Canadian VHL families. To develop simple, rapid methods for the detection of mutations found in large numbers of affected people, we designed based on the primer specified restriction site modification method. These tests have proved useful in identifying asymptomatic mutated VHL gene carriers who have the nt 505 T to C mutation or the nt 686 T to C mutation. Together with an MspI digestion test which can detect a mutation hot spot in codon 238, polymerase chain reaction/restriction endonuclease based tests can now detect VHL mutations in more than 50% of VHL type 2 families.
Re-Examining Cannabidiol: Conversion to Tetrahydrocannabinol Using Only Heat (2022)

<b>Introduction:</b> In the last decade, the market for Cannabidiol (CBD) has grown to become a near $2 billion dollar industry in the United States alone. This growth can be attributed to a growing social acceptance of marijuana, a more detailed understanding of many health benefits attributed to cannabinoids, and the low cost and wide availibility of hemp-derived cannabinoids. Due to the complex legal histories of marijuana and cannabinoids, the stability and safety of CBD is still an area of interest as research has been restricted globally. Conversion of CBD to its psychoactive isomers, most notably delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), presents a significant safety issue for consumers and producers of CBD products. <b>Methods:</b> Previous studies investigating the stability of CBD have focused mainly on replicating conditions experienced during long-term storage at room temperature or lower. Here, we report the thermal stability of CBD at 175°C. Dynamic <sup>1</sup>H-NMR experiments and computational electronic structure calculations were used to characterize possible reaction paths from CBD to THC. <b>Results:</b> After 30 minutes of heating, Δ9-THC was produced in detectable amounts in aerobic and anaerobic conditions without an acid catalyst. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our findings support an energetically feasible reaction route that is favorable due to both an increase in phenol acidity at high temperatures and the presence of intramolecular OH-π hydrogen bonding.
Catalytic, Asymmetric Synthesis of Cyanohydrin Ethyl Carbonates. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Sexual Activity and Function in the Year After an Acute Myocardial Infarction Among Younger Women and Men in the United States and Spain (2016)

Impaired sexual activity and incident sexual function problems were prevalent and more common among young women than men in the year after AMI. Attention to modifiable risk factors and physician counseling may improve outcomes.