gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Directional coherent light via intensity-induced sideband emission (2016)

We introduce a unique technique for generating directional coherent emissions that could be utilized to create coherent sources in a wide range of frequencies from the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) to the deep infrared. This is accomplished without population inversion by pumping a two-level system with a far-detuned strong optical field that induces the splitting of the two-level system. A nonlinear process of four-wave mixing then occurs across the split system, driving coherent emission at sidebands both red- and blue-detuned from the pump frequency, and propagates both forward and backward along the pump beam path. We observed this phenomenon in dense rubidium vapor along both the <i>D</i><sub>1</sub> and <i>D</i><sub>2</sub> transitions. The sideband emission exhibits a short pulse duration (<1 ns) with threshold-like behavior dependent on both the pump intensity and Rb vapor density. This technique offers a new capability for manipulating the emission frequency simply through intensity-induced atomic modulation that can be scaled to most frequency regimes using various atomic/molecular ensembles and pump energies.
Stem Cell Factor in Mast Cells and Increased Mast Cell Density in Idiopathic and Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (1998)

Histamine and tryptase content and mast cell density are higher in failing hearts than in control hearts. SCF, present in secretory granules of HHMC, might represent an autocrine factor sustaining mast cell hyperplasia in heart tissue in these patients. The increased local release of fibrogenic factors (eg, histamine, tryptase, and leukotriene C4) might contribute to collagen accumulation in the hearts of patients with cardiomyopathy.
Screen Printed Copper and Tantalum Modified Potassium Sodium Niobate Thick Films on Platinized Alumina Substrates (2021)

We show how sintering in different atmospheres affects the structural, microstructural, and functional properties of ~30 μm thick films of K<sub>0.5</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>NbO<sub>3</sub> (KNN) modified with 0.38 mol% K<sub>5.4</sub>Cu<sub>1.3</sub>Ta<sub>10</sub>O<sub>29</sub> and 1 mol% CuO. The films were screen printed on platinized alumina substrates and sintered at 1100 °C in oxygen or in air with or without the packing powder (PP). The films have a preferential crystallographic orientation of the monoclinic perovskite phase in the [100] and [-101] directions. Sintering in the presence of PP contributes to obtaining phase-pure films, which is not the case for the films sintered without any PP notwithstanding the sintering atmosphere. The latter group is characterized by a slightly finer grain size, from 0.1 μm to ~2 μm, and lower porosity, ~6% compared with ~13%. Using piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis of oxygen-sintered films, we found that the perovskite grains are composed of multiple domains which are preferentially oriented. Thick films sintered in oxygen exhibit a piezoelectric <i>d</i><sub>33</sub> coefficient of 64 pm/V and an effective thickness coupling coefficient <i>k<sub>t</sub></i> of 43%, as well as very low mechanical losses of less than 0.5%, making them promising candidates for lead-free piezoelectric energy harvesting applications.
Long-term outcome according to renal histological lesions in 118 patients with monoclonal gammopathies (1998)

Initial renal biopsy helps predict prognosis in patients with multiple myeloma and renal involvement. Maintenance haemodialysis is a reasonable indication in light chain deposit disease and AL-amyloidosis, especially in patients aged < 70. Multidrug therapy tends to prolong survival and slow progression to end-stage renal disease.
Red/green opponency in the rhesus macaque ERG spectral sensitivity is reduced by bicuculline (1990)

Abstract Spectral-sensitivity curves were derived from the a−, b− , and d −waves of rhesus monkey ERGs after injection of bicuculline, strychnine, or no drug. Without drug injection, the a − and d −wave curves were well-fit by an additive model of weighted photoreceptor absorption spectra, while the b −wave curve requires inhibitory terms to produce an adequate fit. Bicuculline, but not strychnine, reduced the weight assigned to the inhibitory terms in a dose-dependent fashion, to the point that no inhibition was evident. The results suggest that GABAergic synapses are required for the expression of red/green color opponency in primate bipolar cells.
Hormone measures in finger-prick blood spot samples: New field methods for reproductive endocrinology (1997)

Comparative endocrine studies have notably advanced understanding of ecological factors that contribute to variation in human reproductive function. Such research has relied on methodological advances that permit hormone determinations in samples that are easily and safely collected, stored, and transported, most recently on measurement of steroids in saliva. This report seeks to further expand the scope of endocrine research by demonstrating the value of blood spot samples collected by finger prick. As a sampling strategy, finger-prick blood spot collection offers the advantages of short collection time, low invasiveness, repeatability, absence of postcollection processing, low biohazard risk, and ease of sample storage and transport. We document good sample stability and present sensitive assay methods for a range of steroids and proteins (FSH, LH, PRL, T, E2, DHEAS, androstenedione, cortisol, SHGB) in blood spots that require sample volumes of 3-12 microliters and display good reliability, specificity, precision, accuracy, and convertibility of results to plasma/serum equivalent concentrations. Laboratory evaluation was augmented by a feasibility study at a remote site in Papua New Guinea that confirmed validity and stability of blood spot collections under field conditions. Research applications of blood spot sampling are illustrated with a series of studies, including cross-sectional surveys for developmental and life span endocrinology, a longitudinal, population-based developmental epidemiologic study of puberty, and serial sampling in a dynamic study of neuroendocrine response to suckling. We conclude that the sampling features and wide range of measurable biomolecules of blood spots do constitute a methodological advance for endocrine research.
Recent developments of novel matrices and on-tissue chemical derivatization reagents for MALDI-MSI (2020)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is a fast-growing technique for visualization of the spatial distribution of the small molecular and macromolecular biomolecules in tissue sections. Challenges in MALDI-MSI, such as poor sensitivity for some classes of molecules or limited specificity, for instance resulting from the presence of isobaric molecules or limited resolving power of the instrument, have encouraged the MSI scientific community to improve MALDI-MSI sample preparation workflows with innovations in chemistry. Recent developments of novel small organic MALDI matrices play a part in the improvement of image quality and the expansion of the application areas of MALDI-MSI. This includes rationally designed/synthesized as well as commercially available small organic molecules whose superior matrix properties in comparison with common matrices have only recently been discovered. Furthermore, on-tissue chemical derivatization (OTCD) processes get more focused attention, because of their advantages for localization of poorly ionizable metabolites and their' in several cases' more specific imaging of metabolites in tissue sections. This review will provide an overview about the latest developments of novel small organic matrices and on-tissue chemical derivatization reagents for MALDI-MSI. Graphical abstract.
A nonlinear trajectory command generator for a digital flight-control system (1978)

Operational application of the command generator (CG) was examined in detail in a simulation of a flight control system with the augmentor wing jet STOL research aircraft. The basic repertoire of single axis maneuvers and operational constraints are discussed, and the system behavior is tested on a rigorous STOL approach path and as affected by various approximations in the CG synthesis and types of disturbances found in the operational environment. The simulation results indicate that a satisfactory nonlinear system with general maneuvering capabilities throughout the flight envelope was developed which satisfies the basic design objectives while maintaining a practicable degree of simplicity.
Uberolysin: a novel cyclic bacteriocin produced by Streptococcus uberis (2007)

Streptococcus uberis is commonly found in the environment and in association with various bovine body sites and is a major cause of bovine mastitis. Moreover, S. uberis is known to produce a variety of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances, antimicrobial agents that generally inhibit closely related bacterial species. In this respect, S. uberis strain 42 has previously been shown to produce a novel nisin variant named nisin U. This paper reports that, in addition to nisin U, S. uberis strain 42 produces a second bacteriocin that induces the lysis of metabolically active, susceptible target bacteria and which has therefore been named uberolysin. Isolation of the native active antimicrobial agent revealed that uberolysin is a 7048 Da peptide that is refractory to sequence analysis by Edman degradation. Transposon mutagenesis was used to generate a uberolysin-negative mutant of S. uberis 42 and sequencing of DNA flanking the insertion site revealed, in addition to the structural gene (ublA), several open reading frames likely to be involved in post-translational modification, transport and producer self-protection (immunity), and possibly in regulation of the biosynthetic gene cluster. In addition, a pair of direct repeats that may be involved in bacteriocin acquisition were identified; indeed, ublA could be identified in 18 % of tested S. uberis strains. Enzymic hydrolysis of uberolysin was used to confirm that ublA does indeed encode the precursor of uberolysin, that an unusually short leader sequence of only six amino acids is cleaved during processing of the mature peptide and that uberolysin is post-translationally covalently modified to form a head-to-tail monocycle. Thus, uberolysin is a unique cyclic bacteriocin, belonging to the same family of bacteriocins as enterocin AS-48 and circularin A.
Endogenous <i>MIR376A</i> limits starvation-induced autophagy. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;(A) Blockage of endogenous &lt;i&gt;MIR376A&lt;/i&gt; by Ant-376a, but not CNT-Ant further stimulated starvation (STV)-activated LC3-I to LC3-II conversion in MCF-7 cells. ACTB was used as a loading control. LC3-II/LC3-I densitometric ratios were marked. (B) Ant-376a, but not CNT-Ant resulted in further activation of SQSTM1 protein degradation following starvation in MCF-7 cells. SQSTM1/ACTB ratios were marked.&lt;/p&gt;
G.hn: The new ITU-T home networking standard (2009)

Several wired in-home networking technologies are currently available to consumers, although most of them were designed to cope with only one type of home wiring and are not interoperable with each other. In 2006 ITU-T started a standardization project called G.hn for a unified next generation networking technology, operating over all types of in-home wiring (phone line, power line, coaxial cable, and Cat-5 cable). ITU-T Recommendation G.9960, consented in December 2008, is the G.hn foundation: it specifies network architecture, most of the PHY, and some aspects of the MAC. The complete Recommendation is expected within 2009. Besides residential premises, G.hn is intended for small/home offices and public places such as multiple dwelling units, hotels, and conference rooms. This article gives an overview of G.hn technology focusing on the main principles used to build a single transmission scheme for multiple types of wires.
Energy-Efficient User-State Recognition Method Using Wavelet Transform and Singular Value Decomposition (2015)

AbstractThis paper proposes a very simple user-state recognizer for mobile applications. The proposed method copes with the limitation in available electric power by using only a single three-axis accelerometer which is equipped with almost any mobile phone. In order to keep a high accuracy in recognition with a low computational complexity, the authors employ the wavelet transform and the singular value decomposition as feature extraction, and a multi-layer perceptron as a classifier. In the experiment, the algorithm could classify user contexts into walking, running, standing still and being in a moving train with an accuracy of over 90%.Keywordsmobile devicesaccelerometerwavelet transformsingular value decomposition
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria‐Mediated Amelioration of Abiotic and Biotic Stresses for Increasing Crop Productivity (2012)

Several microbes with ability to promote plant growth and their products that can stimulate plant growth have been commercialized. This chapter is mainly restricted to the bacteria that are derived from plant rhizosphere and demonstrate their beneficial effects on the root. Such group of bacteria is generally designated as PGPR (plant growth promoting rhizobacteria). Beneficial effects of this group of rhizobacteria on plant growth can be demonstrated by both direct and indirect mechanisms. Various abiotic and biotic stresses negatively influence survival, biomass production, and crop yield. This chapter begins with the description of various abiotic and biotic stress factors affecting plant growth. Tolerance to these stresses is achieved by both physiological and molecular level adaptation. To exert the beneficial effects, bacteria must colonize the root surface efficiently as the roots are the first underground part of the plant system that experiences adverse conditions. Mechanisms of abiotic and biotic stress amelioration in the rhizosphere by PGPRs are subsequently described. PGPRs often have more than one mechanism for enhancing plant growth and experimental evidence suggests that the plant growth stimulation is the net result of multiple mechanisms of action that may be activated simultaneously. Thus, to fulfill the need of food production for ever-increasing global population under extreme environmental conditions or with limited sources, PGPRs are surely a major target to be developed for the improvement of tolerance to stresses.
Automatic Recognition of Deceptive Facial Expressions of Emotion. (2017)

Humans modify facial expressions in order to mislead observers regarding their true emotional states. Being able to recognize the authenticity of emotional displays is notoriously difficult for human observers. Evidence in experimental psychology shows that discriminative facial responses are short and subtle. This suggests that such behavior would be easier to distinguish when captured in high resolution at an increased frame rate. We are proposing SASE-FE, the first dataset of genuine and deceptive facial expressions of emotions for automatic recognition. We show that overall the problem of recognizing deceptive facial expressions can be successfully addressed by learning spatio-temporal representations of the data. For this purpose, we propose a method that aggregates features along fiducial trajectories in a deeply learnt feature space. Interesting additional results show that on average it is easier to distinguish among genuine expressions than deceptive ones and that certain emotion pairs are more difficult to distinguish than others.
Method for Processing Metal‐Reinforced Ceramic Composites (1990)

A new process is developed to form a ceramic containing a three‐dimensional network of metal reinforcement. The process involves four steps: (1) forming a powder compact containing a continuous network of either organic or carbon material by pressure filtration, (2) pyrolyzing the network to form channels within the powder compact, (3) densifying the powder while retaining the channel network, and (4) intruding metal into the channel network by squeeze casting. Pressure filtration is used to form the powder compact containing the pyrolyzable network either by mixing slurries of powder with chopped fiber or by packing powder within pyrolyzable preforms. When pressure is removed after filtration, the differential strain recovery of the powder matrix relative to the organic material can cause damage. Such damage is prevalent for a powder matrix formed from flocced slurries. However, this problem is avoided by using dispersed slurries which produce consolidated bodies that alleviate stresses arising from differential strain recovery by viscous flow. Metal‐reinforced ceramic composites with different reinforcement architectures, volume fractions, and sizes can be produced with this technique.
Frequency considerations for deep ablation with high‐intensity focused ultrasound: A simulation study (2015)

Large-volume ablations are most efficient at frequencies of 500-750 kHz at depths of 100-150 mm. When one considers that near-field heat accumulation tends to be the rate limiting factor in large-volume ablations like uterine fibroid surgery, the results show that frequencies as low as 500 kHz are favored for their ability to reduce heating in the near-field.
The determination of methyl α-chloro-acrylate in the atmosphere (1951)

J. Haslam, S. M. A. Whettem and W. W. Soppet, Analyst, 1951, 76, 628 DOI: 10.1039/AN9517600628
What Is Appropriate Training? (2018)

This chapter outlines the way in which the first postgraduate training for would-be counsellors in primary care settings was developed. Training and education must also be proper and fitting for the student. The examination of the students demonstrates that to enable the student to become an excellent practitioner in the primary care context does require a significant amount of new learning as well as a sharp reorientation from previous learning and practice. As a result of examining both the students and courses that have been developed and taught, certain areas of teaching stand out as being both proper and fitting and therefore appropriate to the task of preparing the practitioner. It is appropriate that students working at a postgraduate level should expect to be both recognised as skilled practitioners and properly rewarded for their work. For the primary care service, the clients and the practice of counselling/psychotherapy, appropriate levels of competent practice are vital.
Genetic analysis of 22 candidate genes for hypertension in the Japanese population (2004)

Although the present results should be replicated in other study populations for confirmation, the present results suggest that SLC12A1 may contribute to hypertension in Japanese women.
Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends 1-6 from NF-κB, and not MYCN, Regulates MHC Class I and Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidases in Human Neuroblastoma Cells (2023)

Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends 1-6 from NF-κB, and not MYCN, Regulates MHC Class I and Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidases in Human Neuroblastoma Cells
Synthesis and Characterization of Methacrylic Derivatives as Drug Carriers (1997)

p-Methoxyphenyl methacrylate (ESMAA) was copolymerized with methacrylic acid (MAA) in dioxane solutions using azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. The compositions of the copolymers were assayed for the aromatic ester content by measuring the ultraviolet (UV)absorbance at 240 nm in dioxane. The monomer reactivity ratios r1and r2 for copolymerization of MAA(M1)and ESMAA (M2)are 1.52 and 3.01. The glass transition temperatures of MAA-ESMAA copolymers are almost equal to the weight-average values. The drug released from copolymers increases with the composition of methacrylic acid units. The releases of piroxicam from the MAA-co-ESMAA matrices containing 55 mole%MAA in pH 7.4 and 10 buffer solutions are steady for the whole release period, and release profiles matches closely to the disintegration profiles of the MAA-55 copolymer.
Evaluation of the Fatty Acid Composition of the Seeds of <i>Mangifera indica</i> L. and Their Application (2015)

Mango (Mangifera indica L.), an edible fruit, is one of the main agricultural products in many tropical regions. Mango varieties differ in not only fruit shape but also aroma, which is an important characteristic. Although the fruit has many uses, the seeds are discarded as waste. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the fatty acid content of seed oil of mangoes from different cultivation areas (Miyazaki, Japan, and Taiwan), and to evaluate their application in cosmetics. Five fatty acids were identified in the mango seed oil. Oleic acid and stearic acid were the principal components of mango seed oil obtained from Miyazaki (46.1% and 39.8%, respectively) and Taiwan (43.7% and 40.1%, respectively). As a cosmetic ingredient, mango seed oil showed good deodorizing effect on both 2-nonenal and isovaleric acid. The results indicated the potential applications of mango seed oil in the cosmetic industry.
Time‐resolved flow cytometry for the measurement of lanthanide chelate fluorescence: I. Concept and theoretical evaluation (1994)

The concept of a flow cytometer suited for the time-resolved measurement of lanthanide chelate luminescence with a decay time on the order of 10 microseconds to 2 ms is presented and evaluated. The instrument proposed encompasses a continuous-wave laser for fluorescence excitation and an optical switch for the elimination of cellular autofluorescence decaying within 1 ns to 1 microseconds during the luminescence detection period. The slowly decaying fluorescence is to be quantified by a photon-counting system, whereas light scatter and prompt fluorescence parameters are acquired by a conventional detection system. The detection limit of the method, in terms of the smallest detectable number of fluorescing chelates per cell, is examined. It was found to be nearly 30,000 complexes of a europium chelate with a decay time of 1.6 ms and a quantum efficiency of 17%, independent of fast decaying cellular autofluorescence or prompt dye emission intensity. The probability of cells passing through the instrument without being detected while the laser beam is turned off was estimated, and the implications for cell throughput and sorting performance of the instrument were assessed. At typical fluorescence detection intervals of 500 microseconds to 1 ms, cell flow rates of 100-200 particles per second lead to detection probabilities of more than 90% and sorting purities comparable to those found in conventional fluorescence-activated cell sorting.
The fate of 8-methoxypsoralen photoinduced crosslinks in nuclear and mitochondrial yeast DNA: comparison of wild-type and repair-deficient strains. (1982)

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, after 8-methoxypsoralen [8-(OMe)Ps] photoaddition, more crosslinks are induced per unit dose in mitochondrial DNA than in nuclear DNA. In wild-type cells treated in the exponential phase of growth, single- and double-strand breaks are produced during crosslink removal and then are rejoined upon postexposure incubation. The incision step is almost blocked in the rad 3-2 mutant, which is also defective in excision-repair of UV-induced (254 nm) pyrimidine dimers. The cutting of crosslinks from nuclear DNA is depressed in wild-type stationary-phase cells. This is correlated with a higher sensitivity of such cells to 8-(OMe)Ps photoinduced cell killing. The incision of crosslinks is dramatically reduced in mitochondrial DNA. The rejoining of single- and double-strand breaks is not only dependent on the product of the RAD51 gene (as shown by others) but also of the PSO2 gene. A correlation was found between the ability to recombine and strand rejoining. Therefore, as in bacteria, both the excision and the recombinational repair systems are involved in crosslink repair in yeast. However, double-strand breaks in yeast constitute repair intermediates which are not detected in Escherichia coli. The LD37 (dose necessary to induce a mean of one lethal hit per cell) corresponds to about 120 crosslinks per genome in exponential-phase cells of the wild type and to 1-2 crosslinks in the pso2-1 mutant.