gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AB202. Overexpression of centromere protein H is associated with tumor progression and prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (2015)

OBJECTIVE: Centromere protein H (CENPH) is one of the essential components of the human active kinetochore which close links with carcinogenesis. Its biological and clinical value of prognostic prediction for human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expression levels of CENPH in ccRCC patients and cell lines were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. CENPH protein expressions in paraffin-embedded archival specimens from 107 patients with ccRCC were determined by immunohistochemical analysis. Their correlations between patients’ clinicopathologic features and prognosis were explored. Small-interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to suppress CENPH expression in RCC cell lines. In vitro assays were performed to further explore its role in tumor progression. RESULTS: The expression level of CENPH was higher in ccRCC tissues and cell lines than in corresponding adjacent normal tissues and normal human proximal tubule epithelial cell line HK-2. IHC analysis revealed high expression levels of CENPH in ccRCC specimens. The ccRCC patients with higher CENPH expression had an advanced clinical stage and poorer prognosis than those with lower CENPH expression. CENPH expression was an independent prognostic marker of overall RCC patient survival in a multivariate analysis. In vitro assays indicated that knockdown of CENPH reduced cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1. CONCLUSIONS: High expression of CENPH in ccRCC indicates poor prognosis. CENPH is a novel molecule involved in ccRCC progression, which provide a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
Anatomy of the Crowd4Discovery crowdfunding campaign (2013)

Crowdfunding allows the public to fund creative projects, including curiosity-driven scientific research. Last Fall, I was part of a team that raised $25,460 from an international coalition of "micropatrons" for an open, pharmacological research project called Crowd4Discovery. The goal of Crowd4Discovery is to determine the precise location of amphetamines inside mouse brain cells, and we are sharing the results of this project on the Internet as they trickle in. In this commentary, I will describe the genesis of Crowd4Discovery, our motivations for crowdfunding, an analysis of our fundraising data, and the nuts and bolts of running a crowdfunding campaign. Science crowdfunding is in its infancy but has already been successfully used by an array of scientists in academia and in the private sector as both a supplement and a substitute to grants. With traditional government sources of funding for basic scientific research contracting, an alternative model that couples fundraising and outreach - and in the process encourages more openness and accountability - may be increasingly attractive to researchers seeking to diversify their funding streams.
Surface Engineering of Graphite and Graphene by Viologen Self-Assembling: From Global to Local Architectures (2022)

Despite holding unique electronic, optical, mechanical, and thermal properties, some inherent characteristics of graphene restrict its widespread use in technological applications such as digital electronics. The introduction of ordered organic adlayers on top of graphene has been identified as a potential approach to tune its electronic band structure via quantum confinement effects caused by molecular-scale ordering within the adsorbate layers. To this end, the redox-dependent self-assembled molecular architectures of dibenzyl viologen (DBV) on graphitic surfaces including graphene are investigated under electrochemical control. Molecular-resolution electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy results reveal three architectures, namely, the mobile, dimer, and stacking phases, corresponding to different DBV redox states, that is, DBV2+, DBV•+, and DBV0, respectively, formed and stabilized on both highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and chemical vapor deposition graphene on a copper foil. The phase transition is fully controlled by the applied electrode potential. The patterned functionalization of graphitic surfaces via laterally confined self-assembly of DBV molecules was demonstrated. These findings may help pave the way to functionalize graphene and other two-dimensional materials in both global and patterned manners by means of viologen-based self-assemblies.
An In-Situ ATR-FTIR Study: The Surface Coordination of Salicylic Acid on Aluminum and Iron(III) Oxides (1994)

Information on the bonding of organic ligands to hydrous metal oxide surfaces, necessary to gain insight into the mechanisms of surface reactivity, was extracted using attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Various ligands were investigated &lt;I&gt;in-situ&lt;/I&gt; on the surface of δ-Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; in water. Keeping the study of structure with respect to surface reactivity in the foreground, we report here specifically on the model ligand salicylate, which we also examined on the surfaces of other oxides, including corundum, hematite, lepidocrocite, and goethite. Because the direct ligand-metal bond vibrations absorb in the same region as the metal-oxygen vibrations in the bulk oxide, evidence of bonding was obtained by observing changes in the spectrum of the ligand itself. Results show that salicylate does not bond identically on all metal oxide surfaces. In the cases examined, the chemical composition of the metal oxide, as opposed to the morphology, determined the structure of the ligand surface complex.
2D barcodes for mobile phones (2005)

2D barcodes were designed to carry significantly more data than its ID counterpart. These codes are often used in industrial information tagging applications where high data capacity, mobility, and data robustness are required. Mobile phones have evolved from just a mobile voice communication device to what is now a mobile multimedia computing platform. Recent integration of these two mobile technologies has sparked some interesting applications of 2D barcodes in mobile phones with camera. Nonetheless, this new mobile applications area is still at its infancy. Each proposed mobile 2D barcode application has its own choice of code, but no standard exists nor is there any study done on what are the criteria for setting a standard 2D barcode for mobile phones. Our study is to address this void. In this paper we have detailed our study of all published 2D barcodes. We have also carefully selected features desirable for a standard 2D barcode optimized for the mobile phone platform. These features are based on the operating limitations and attributes of camera mobile phones in general use today. Based on our selected criteria, we will identify the most suitable 2D barcode for mobile phones. (8 pages)
Arabidopsis UVH6, a Homolog of Human XPD and Yeast RAD3 DNA Repair Genes, Functions in DNA Repair and Is Essential for Plant Growth (2003)

To evaluate the genetic control of stress responses in Arabidopsis, we have analyzed a mutant (uvh6-1) that exhibits increased sensitivity to UV light, a yellow-green leaf coloration, and mild growth defects. We have mapped the uvh6-1 locus to chromosome I and have identified a candidate gene, AtXPD, within the corresponding region. This gene shows sequence similarity to the human (Homo sapiens) XPD and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) RAD3 genes required for nucleotide excision repair. We propose that UVH6 is equivalent to AtXPD because uvh6-1 mutants carry a mutation in a conserved residue of AtXPD and because transformation of uvh6-1 mutants with wild-type AtXPD DNA suppresses both UV sensitivity and other defective phenotypes. Furthermore, the UVH6/AtXPD protein appears to play a role in repair of UV photoproducts because the uvh6-1 mutant exhibits a moderate defect in the excision of UV photoproducts. This defect is also suppressed by transformation with UVH6/AtXPD DNA. We have further identified a T-DNA insertion in the UVH6/AtXPD gene (uvh6-2). Plants carrying homozygous insertions were not detected in analyses of progeny from plants heterozygous for the insertion. Thus, homozygous insertions appear to be lethal. We conclude that the UVH6/AtXPD gene is required for UV resistance and is an essential gene in Arabidopsis.
Etude de l'émission et de la réception de signaux impulsionnels par des antennes ultra large bande : modélisation et expérimentation (2003)

National audience
ZIDOVUDINE PHOSPHORYLATION IN HIV PATIENTS AND SERONEGATIVE VOLUNTEERS (1994)

Barry, M.; Wild, M.; Veal, G.; Back, D.; Breckenridge, A.; Fox, R.; Beeching, N.; Nye, F.; Carey, P.; Timmins, D. Author Information
Rescue of osteoclast function by transgenic expression of kinase-deficient Src insrc−/− mutant mice (1997)

The Src tyrosine kinase has been implicated in a wide variety of signal transduction pathways, yet despite the nearly ubiquitous expression of c-src, src-/- mice show only one major phenotype-osteopetrosis caused by an intrinsic defect in osteoclasts, the cells responsible for resorbing bone. To explore further the role of Src both in osteoclasts and other cell types, we have generated transgenic mice that express the wild-type and mutated versions of the chicken c-src proto-oncogene from the promoter of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), a gene that is expressed highly in osteoclasts. We demonstrate here that expression of a wild-type transgene in only a limited number of tissues can fully rescue the src-/- phenotype. Surprisingly, expression of kinase-defective alleles of c-src also reduces osteopetrosis in src-/- animals and partially rescues a defect in cytoskeletal organization observed in src-/- osteoclasts. These results suggest that there are essential kinase-independent functions for Src in vivo. Biochemical examination of osteoclasts from these mice suggest that Src may function in part by recruiting or activating other tyrosine kinases.
Incorporating fluorescent dyes and quantum dots into magnetic microbeads for immunoassays (2004)

Microbeads that are both paramagnetic and fluorescently labeled are commercially available in colors spanning the visible spectrum. Although these commercial beads can be bright, polydispersity in both size and fluorescent intensity limit their use in quantitative assays. Very recently, more monodisperse beads have become available, but their large size and surface properties make them less than ideal for some bioassay applications. Here we describe methods to customize commercial nonfluorescent magnetic microparticles with fluorescent dyes and quantum dots (QDs) without affecting their magnetic or surface chemical properties. Fluorescent dyes and 3.3-nm diameter CdSe/ZnS QDs were sequestered within 0.8-micron diameter magnetic beads by swelling the polystyrene matrix of the bead in organic solvent, letting the chromophores partition, and then collapsing the matrix in polar solvents. Chromophore incorporation has been characterized using both UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy, with an average of 3 x 10(8) rhodamine 6G molecules/bead and 6 x 10(4) QDs/bead. The modified beads are uniform in size and intensity, with optical properties comparable to currently available commercial beads. Immunoassay results obtained with our custom fluorescent magnetic microbeads are consistent with those obtained using conventional magnetic microbeads.
Star‐shaped polymers by living cationic polymerization. VIII. Size and shape of star poly(vinyl ether)s determined by dynamic light scattering and computer simulation (1995)

Abstract The sizes and shapes of star‐shaped poly(vinyl ether)s, prepared by living cationic polymerization, were studied by dynamic light scattering and molecular mechanics‐based computer simulation. The hydrodynamic radii ( R h ) of star poly(isobutyl vinyl ether)s (4a; M̄ w = 2.2 × 10 4 − 1.7 × 10 5 ) determined by dynamic light scattering were in the range from 30 to 90 Å in tetrahydrofuran or ethyl acetate. Consistent with the expected multiarmed architecture of 4a, the radius for a given number ( f ) of arms per molecule increased with the degree of polymerization [DP(arm)] of the arms, and for a fixed DP(arm), the radius increased with f . The relationship between arm number f and the “shrinking” factor h [ R h (star)/ R h (linear)] was consistent with multibranched structures for the star polymers. These results are supported by those for the molecular weight itself; the apparent weight‐average molecular weights by size‐exclusion chromatography are less than the corresponding absolute values by static light scattering. The dependence of h on f suggests some degree of asymmetry in the star shape. Similar results were also obtained by the computer simulation of potential energy‐minimized conformations of the arms, which implied almost spherical but slightly asymmetric shapes. The computer simulation also demonstrated that the star polymer (4b) with pendant hydroxyl groups in the arms is smaller in size than the corresponding alkyl (isobutyl) (4a) with the identical arm number and arm degree of polymerization. © 1995 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Science-driven threats (1988)

The meagre input of scientists into the UK political process is often bemoaned. This lowers the level of debate on issues where special expertise is relevant – energy policy, global climatic change, and many other areas. When defence issues are involved, the pervasive secrecy is an extra impediment, but US experience shows that this need not prevent valuable debate.
Coupling to shielded cables (1978)

Examines current problems of coupling to shielded cables, providing a working reference for engineers and designers of signal transmission and power lines. Using a transmission line analysis, it examines the shield transfer impedance and transfer admittance characteristics of commonly used shields--the most comprehensive collection of such data ever published. Relates shielding properties to weave characteristics of braided-wire shields. Includes tables and normalized graphs for the most commonly encountered cases of interference.
The UoSAT-2 spacecraft telemetry and telecommand subsystems (1987)

Telemetry and telecommand functions on board a spacecraft are key subsystems that must exhibit exemplary performance, reliability and integrity. This paper reviews the operational experience gained in low Earth orbit with the telemetry and telecommand subsystems on board the UoSAT-1 spacecraft. The impact of that experience on the subsequent design and implementation of these subsystems for the UoSAT-2 spacecraft are discussed and the orbital performance described.
The Effect of Rosiglitazone on Overweight Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes (2005)

Rosiglitazone in combination with insulin resulted in improved glycemic control and blood pressure without an increase in insulin requirements, compared with insulin- and placebo-treated subjects, whose improved glycemic control required an 11% increase in insulin dose. Weight gain and hypoglycemia were similar in both groups at the end of the study. The greatest effect of rosiglitazone occurred in subjects with more pronounced markers of insulin resistance.
Catalysis By Metal-Activated Hydroxide in Zinc and Manganese Metalloenzymes (1999)

The metal-activated hydroxide ion is a critical nucleophile in metalloenzymes that catalyze hydrolysis or hydration reactions. The most common metal used is zinc; occasionally, other transition metals such as manganese are required. Human carbonic anhydrase II and rat liver arginase serve as well-studied paradigms of zinc and manganese metalloenzymes, respectively. Comparative structure-function relationships between these two metalloenzymes highlight parallels in the chemistry of metal-activated hydroxide: (a) the protein environment of metal-bound hydroxide modulates its reactivity; (b) a hydrogen bond with metal-bound hydroxide holds it in the proper orientation for catalysis; (c) nonmetal substrate-binding sites are implicated in both enzyme mechanisms; and (d) regeneration of metal-bound hydroxide ion from a metal-bound water molecule requires proton transfer to bulk solvent mediated by a histidine proton shuttle residue. Interestingly, the electrostatics of catalysis differ between the two enzymes, in that the first step of catalysis requires formation of a negatively charged transition state in the carbonic anhydrase II mechanism, whereas a neutral transition state is approached in the arginase mechanism. This electrostatic feature may contribute to the differences in the chemistry, the metal binding sites, and the metal specificity between these two enzymes.
Adjacent Segment Degeneration (2008)

Large animal fusion models offer an excellent opportunity to study ASD in vivo, as pre-existing degenerative disc disease is not present and biomechanical effects of the fusion can be studied more isolated. Our results suggest that adjacent disc degeneration does not develop in our spinal goat fusion model. There is, however, an increased risk of disc degeneration in the L5-L6 level through an unclear mechanism.
Low linoleic acid foods with added DHA given to Malawian children with severe acute malnutrition improves cognition: a randomized, triple blinded, controlled clinical trial (2021)

Abstract Background There is concern that the PUFA composition of ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) for treatment of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is suboptimal for neurocognitive recovery. Objective We tested the hypothesis that RUTF made with reduced amounts of linoleic acid, achieved using high oleic (HO) peanuts, with or without added DHA, improves cognition when compared to standard RUTF (S-RUTF). Methods A triple-blind, randomized, controlled clinical feeding trial was conducted among children with uncomplicated SAM in Malawi with 3 types of RUTF; DHA-HO-RUTF, HO-RUTF and S-RUTF. The primary outcomes, measured in a subset of subjects, were the Malawi Developmental Assessment Tool (MDAT) global and 4 domain (gross motor, fine motor, language and social) z-scores and a modified Willatts problem solving assessment (PSA) intention score for 3 standardized problems, measured 6 months and immediately after completing RUTF therapy, respectively. Plasma fatty acid content, anthropometry and eye tracking were secondary outcomes. Comparisons were made between the novel PUFA RUTFs and S-RUTF. Results Among the 2565 SAM children enrolled, global MDAT z-score was -0.69 ± 1.19 and - 0.88 ± 1.27 for children receiving DHA-HO-RUTF and S-RUTF, respectively (difference 0.19, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.38). The gross motor and social domains had higher z-scores among children receiving either DHA-HO-RUTF than S-RUTF. The PSA problem 3 scores did not differ by dietary group (Odds ratio 0.92, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.26 for DHA-HO-RUTF). After 4 weeks of treatment, plasma phospholipid EPA and α-linolenic acid were greater in children consuming DHA-HO-RUTF or HO-RUTF when compared to S-RUTF (for all 4 comparisons P values &lt; 0.001), but only plasma DHA was greater in DHA-HO-RUTF than S-RUTF ( P &lt;0.001). Conclusions Treatment of uncomplicated SAM with DHA-HO-RUTF resulted in an improved MDAT score, conferring a cognitive benefit six months after completing diet therapy. This treatment should be explored in operational settings.
Observation of superdeformation in the doubly closed-shell nucleusGd146 (1987)

Two-dimensional \ensuremath{\gamma}-ray energy correlations have been measured at high spins in $^{146}\mathrm{Gd}$ with the anti-Compton spectrometer array OSIRIS. Pronounced ridges have been found consisting of stretched E2 transitions. The separation of the ridges gives a dynamical moment of inertia 2${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\theta}}}_{\mathrm{band}}^{(2)}$=(150\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}6)${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Elzxh}}}^{2}$/MeV, suggesting a superdeformation with an axis ratio c/a=1.7 (${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{2}$\ensuremath{\approxeq}0.6). The quadrupole moment of the superdeformed nucleus is ${Q}_{0}$${=11}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}4}^{+14}$ e\ensuremath{\cdot}b. .AE
Multi Resonant Switched-Capacitor Converter (2019)

This thesis presents a novel Resonant Switched-Capacitor Converter with Multiple Resonant Frequencies, abbreviated as MRSCC for both high density and efficiency non-isolated large step-down Intermediate Bus Converter (IBC). Conventional Resonant Switched-Capacitor Converter (RSCC) proposed by Shoyama and its high voltage conversion ratio derivation such as Switched-Tank Converter (STC) by Jiang and li employ half sinusoidal-current charge transfer method between capacitors to achieve high efficiency and density operation by adding a small resonant inductor in series to pure switched-capacitor converter's (SCC) flying capacitor. By operating switching frequency to be the same as its resonant frequency, RSCC achieves zero-current turn off operation, however, this cause RSCC and its derivation suffer from component variation issue for high-volume adoption. Derived from RSCC, MRSCC adds additional high frequency resonant component, operates only during its dead-time, by adding small capacitor in parallel to RSCC's resonant inductor. By operating switching frequency higher than its main resonant frequency, MRSCC utilizes double chopped half-sinusoidal current charge transfer method between capacitors to further improve efficiency. In addition, operating switching frequency consistently higher than its resonant frequency, MRSCC provides high immunity towards component variation, making it and its derivation viable for high-volume adoption.
Anisotropic roughness in Ge/Si superlattices (1995)

We discuss measurements of buried interfaces utilizing x-ray specular reflectivity profiles, and high-resolution x-ray reflectivity measurement of diffuse scattering. Interface structure is compared to atomic force microscopy characterization of the morphology of the Si cap layer overlying the buried structures. The results show that the morphology of roughness on the growth surface is greatly influenced by substrate miscut, and tends to form one-dimensional undulations. Roughness along the miscut direction is highly replicated from interface to interface, but roughness perpendicular to the miscut evolves more rapidly during the growth process. This effect is characterized by a reduced vertical correlation length in x-ray diffuse scattering in one azimuthal orientation.
Continuous Vector-free Gene Transfer with a Novel Microfluidic Chip and Nanoneedle Array (2018)

It provides a continuous processing environment that can satisfy the transfection requirement of large amounts of biological molecules, showing high potential and promising prospect for both basic research and clinical application.
Montelukast, a Leukotriene-Receptor Antagonist, for the Treatment of Mild Asthma and Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction (1999)

LEFF, JONATHAN A.; BUSSE, WILLIAM W.; PEARLMAN, DAVID; BRONSKY, EDWIN A.; KEMP, JAMES; HENDELES, LESLIE; DOCKHORN, ROBERT; KUNDU, SUDEEP; ZHANG, JI; AIDENBERG, BETH C.; REISS, THEODORE F. Author Information
Spintronics and Quantum Dots for Quantum Computing and Quantum Communication (2000)

Control over electron-spin states, such as coherent manipulation, filtering and measurement promises access to new technologies in conventional as well as in quantum computation and quantum communication. We review our proposal of using electron spins in quantum confined structures as qubits and discuss the requirements for implementing a quantum computer. We describe several realizations of one- and two-qubit gates and of the read-in and read-out tasks. We discuss recently proposed schemes for using a single quantum dot as spin-filter and spin-memory device. Considering electronic EPR pairs needed for quantum communication we show that their spin entanglement can be detected in mesoscopic transport measurements using metallic as well as superconducting leads attached to the dots.