gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An integrated approach for visual analysis of a multisource moving objects knowledge base (2010)

We present an integrated and multidisciplinary approach for analyzing the behavior of moving objects. The results originate from an ongoing research of four different partners from the Dutch Poseidon project (Embedded Systems Institute (2007 Embedded Systems Institute, 2007. The Poseidon project. [online] http://www.esi.nl/poseidon (http://www.esi.nl/poseidon) (Accessed: February 2010). [Google Scholar])), which aims to develop new methods for Maritime Safety and Security (MSS) systems to monitor vessel traffic in coastal areas. Our architecture enables an operator to visually test hypotheses about vessels with time-dependent sensor data and on-demand external knowledge. The system includes the following components: abstraction and simulation of trajectory sensor data, fusion of multiple heterogenous data sources, reasoning, and visual analysis of the combined data sources. We start by extracting segments of consistent movement from simulated or real-world trajectory data, which we store as instances of the Simple Event Model (SEM), an event ontology represented in the Resource Description Framework (RDF). Next, we add data from the web about vessels and geography to enrich the sensor data. This additional information is integrated with the representation of the vessels (actors) and places in SEM. The enriched trajectory data are stored in a knowledge base, which can be further annotated by reasoning and is queried by a visual analytics tool to search for spatiotemporal patterns. Although our approach is dedicated to MSS systems, we expect it to be useful in other domains.
Multi-GPU System Design with Memory Networks (2014)

GPUs are being widely used to accelerate different workloads and multi-GPU systems can provide higher performance with multiple discrete GPUs interconnected together. However, there are two main communication bottlenecks in multi-GPU systems -- accessing remote GPU memory and the communication between GPU and the host CPU. Recent advances in multi-GPU programming, including unified virtual addressing and unified memory from NVIDIA, has made programming simpler but the costly remote memory access still makes multi-GPU programming difficult. In order to overcome the communication limitations, we propose to leverage the memory network based on hybrid memory cubes (HMCs) to simplify multi-GPU memory management and improve programmability. In particular, we propose scalable kernel execution (SKE) where multiple GPUs are viewed as a single virtual GPU as a single kernel can be executed across multiple GPUs without modifying the source code. To fully enable the benefits of SKE, we explore alternative memory network designs in a multi-GPU system. We propose a GPU memory network (GMN) to simplify data sharing between the discrete GPUs while a CPU memory network (CMN) is used to simplify data communication between the host CPU and the discrete GPUs. These two types of networks can be combined to create a unified memory network (UMN) where the communication bottleneck in multi-GPU can be significantly minimized as both the CPU and GPU share the memory network. We evaluate alternative network designs and propose a sliced flattened butterfly topology for the memory network that scales better than previously proposed alternative topologies by removing local HMC channels. In addition, we propose an overlay network organization for unified memory network to minimize the latency for CPU access while providing high bandwidth for the GPUs. We evaluate trade-offs between the different memory network organization and show how UMN significantly reduces the communication bottleneck in multi-GPU systems.
Efficient Generalized Colored image Enhancement (2006)

Hue preservation is an essential requirement for color image enhancement, but preserving hue introduces the gamut problem. A fast technique is proposed which can be applied to generalize any linear or non-linear gray-scale contrast enhancement function to the color domain. The technique provides hue preserved, gamut problem free color contrast enhancement in accordance with the gray-scale contrast enhancing function it generalizes. Results for the proposed color image enhancement technique are better than the currently available techniques
Systematic investigation of the signal properties of polycrystalline HgI2detectors under mammographic, radiographic, fluoroscopic and radiotherapy irradiation conditions (2005)

The signal properties of polycrystalline mercuric iodide (HgI2) film detectors, under irradiation conditions relevant to mammographic, radiographic, fluoroscopic and radiotherapy x-ray imaging, are reported. Each film detector consists of an approximately 230 to approximately 460 microm thick layer of HgI2 (fabricated through physical vapour deposition or a screen-print process) and a thin barrier layer, sandwiched between a pair of opposing electrode plates. The high atomic number, high density and low effective ionization energy, W(EFF), of HgI2 make it an attractive candidate for significantly improving the performance of active matrix, flat-panel imagers (AMFPIs) for several x-ray imaging applications. The temporal behaviour of current from the film detectors in the presence and in the absence of radiation was used to examine dark current levels, the lag and reciprocity of the signal response, x-ray sensitivity and W(EFF). The results are discussed in the context of present AMFPI performance. This study provides performance data for a wide range of potential medical x-ray imaging applications from a single set of detectors and represents the first investigation of the signal properties of polycrystalline mercuric iodide for the radiotherapy application.
Correction: The expanding spectrum of diketopiperazine natural product biosynthetic pathways containing cyclodipeptide synthases (2019)

Correction for ‘The expanding spectrum of diketopiperazine natural product biosynthetic pathways containing cyclodipeptide synthases’ by Paul Borgman <italic>et al.</italic>, <italic>Org. Biomol. Chem.</italic>, 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c8ob03063d.
A Reconfigurable Single-Stage Asymmetrical Full-Wave Step-Down Rectifier for Bidirectional Device-to-Device Wireless Fast Charging (2022)

This article proposes a reconfigurable single-stage regulating asymmetrical full-wave step-down rectifier (SDR) for fast wireless charging. The SDR is reconfigurable into a step-up power amplifier (SUPA) for device-to-device (D2D) wireless charging. The SDR and SUPA can have a direct connection with the battery without an additional voltage regulator module (VRM). With the single-stage structure, the transmitting (TX) and receiving (RX) ac voltages across the resonant coil can be boosted, which greatly reduces the coil currents and losses, improving the D2D charging power. A reconfigurable controller for the TX/RX mode selection, as well as the switching timing control, is designed. The chip is fabricated in 0.35- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS that contains 20-V devices. For the asymmetrical operation, one GaN device is used for the high current path. Also, zero-voltage switching (ZVS) is realized for all the power transistors with one small (180 nH in the 4015 package) power inductor. The bidirectional D2D WPT system achieves a maximum charging power of 5.1 W with a D2D total efficiency of 46.3% and a charging distance of 1.6 cm. Finally, the peak total efficiency is 51.4% with a charging power of 3.4 W and a charging distance of 1 cm.
Peptide hormone evolution: functional heterogeneity within GnRH and CRF families (1996)

Recent investigations indicate that the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family of peptides are each composed of at least two functionally discrete paralogous lineages. [His5Trp7Tyr8]GnRH (chicken GnRH-II) is associated with brain neuromodulatory and possibly peripheral endocrine activity, whereas [Arg8]GnRH (mammal GnRH) and its orthologues play major roles as hypothalamic releasing factors. Similarly, CRF appears to be the primary vertebrate ACTH-releasing peptide, whereas the paralogous lineage of urotensin-I-sauvagine has been associated with a variety of diverse peripheral activities. In phylogenetically older species, representatives of both GnRH and CRF family lineages have been characterized. Structural and functional conservation of these peptide systems in vertebrates suggest that additional GnRH-like and CRF-like peptides will be found in the mammal brain.
Cross-origin javascript capability leaks: detection, exploitation, and defense (2009)

We identify a class of Web browser implementation vulnerabilities, cross-origin JavaScript capability leaks, which occur when the browser leaks a JavaScript pointer from one security origin to another. We devise an algorithm for detecting these vulnerabilities by monitoring the “points-to ” relation of the JavaScript heap. Our algorithm finds a number of new vulnerabilities in the opensource WebKit browser engine used by Safari. We propose an approach to mitigate this class of vulnerabilities by adding access control checks to browser JavaScript engines. These access control checks are backwardscompatible because they do not alter semantics of the Web platform. Through an application of the inline cache, we implement these checks with an overhead of 1–2 % on industry-standard benchmarks. 1
Solvation energies of ions and ionic transition states from studies of gas-phase ion–molecule reactions and equilibria (1988)

Gas-phase ion–molecule reaction equilibrium measurements of reactions such as proton transfer and electron transfer have provided gas-phase thermochemical data for thousands of ions which are of importance also in solution. The solvation energies of such ions can be evaluated via Born-type cycles provided that the supporting thermochemical data for the liquid solvents are available. The resulting solvation enthalpies and free energies can be analysed on the basis of gas-phase data providing the sequential energy release in the initial solvation of the ion M± by solvent molecules S1 in the gas phase: M±(Sl)n–1+ Sl = M±(Sl)n, where the ΔG°n–1,n and ΔH°n–1,n are obtained from measurements of the gas-phase equilibria. As examples of this approach the hydration of NH+4 and H3O+ are examined. Data for the solvation of radical anions of substituted benzenes and quinones are given also. Kinetic studies of gas-phase ion–molecule reactions provide energetics for the key points of the reaction coordinate. Comparisons of the reaction coordinates in the gas phase and solution lead, via Born cycles, to solvation energies of the transition states. Data are provided for the nucleophilic displacement reactions: Cl–+ CH3Br →(ClCH3Br)–→ ClCH3+ Br– and F–+ C6F6→ C6F–7→ C6F6+ F–.
Synthesis of Michael Acceptor Ionomers of Poly(4-Sulfonated Styrene-co-Poly(ethylene Glycol) Methyl Ether Acrylate) (2009)

Ionomers containing sodium 4-styrene sulfonate (4SS) and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate (PEGA) were synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The polymerization was mediated by 1-phenylethyl dithiobenzoate chain transfer agent in a dimethylformamide/water solvent system. Well-defined copolymers of pPEGA-co-4SS were produced with molecular weights ranging from 10 kDa to 40 kDa and polydispersity indices (PDIs) of 1.06-1.18 by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) against monodisperse poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) standards. Post polymerization, the dithioester was reduced and trapped in situ with divinyl sulfone to produce a well-defined, semitelechelic pPEGA-co-4SS Michael acceptor polymer. UV-vis, infrared, and (1)H NMR spectroscopy confirmed that the integrity of the polymer backbone was maintained and that the vinyl sulfone was successfully incorporated at the chain end.
Light‐Triggered Theranostics Based on Photosensitizer‐Conjugated Carbon Dots for Simultaneous Enhanced‐Fluorescence Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy (2012)

Novel theranostics based on photosensitizer-conjugated carbon dots is reported. The prepared C-dots–Ce6 has good stability and high water dispersibility and solubility, non-cytotoxicity, good biocompatibility, enhanced photosensitizer fluorescence detection and remarkable photodynamic efficacy upon irradiation. The C-dots–Ce6 conjugate is a good candidate with excellent imaging and tumor-homing ability for NIR fluorescence imaging monitored PDT treatment. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Abstract 5462: Enhancing efficacy of drugs by targeting CXCR2 receptor signaling for the treatment of malignant breast cancer (2010)

Abstract Breast cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death in women in the United States after lung cancer and is responsible for more than 40,000 deaths each year. Many challenges exist in the current management of advanced stage breast cancer as there are fewer recognized therapeutic strategies, often due to therapy resistance. Recent reports suggest that malignant cells that survive initial chemo- and radiation therapy often express inflammatory cytokines, which provides survival benefit making tumors resistant to further chemotherapy. The specific objective of the study is to develop strategy to manipulate chemokine-chemokine receptor network for effective therapy with limited toxicity against drug-resistant breast cancer. We investigated whether modulation of CXCR2-dependent signaling in malignant mammary tumor enhances therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapy drugs. We used mammary tumor cells expressing different levels of CXCR2 (Cl66-wt and Cl66-shCXCR2) and examined their response to Paclitaxel and Doxorubicin. We observed significant enhancement of paclitaxel and doxorubicin-mediated toxicity at concentrations 5 and 10nM in Cl66-shCXCR2 cells as compared to Cl66-wt cells. Moreover, the expression of CXCL1, a CXCR2 ligand, was increased in paclitaxel and doxorubicin treated mammary tumor cells. Paclitaxel and doxorubicin induced CXCL-1 levels was significantly lower in Cl66-shCXCR2 cells as compared to Cl66-wt cells. In vivo studies using wild type and knockdown cells showed no significant difference in the tumor growth. However, we observed a difference in the tumor growth between wild type and knockdown tumors in mice treated with 10mg/kg concentration of paclitaxel for 3 weeks after starting the treatment. When these studies were further extended there wasn't any difference between the two groups. Furthermore, we extended these studies using human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB231, MDA-MET, and SKBR3). MDA-MB231 and MDA-MET are triple negative and considered to be more metastatic and drug resistant than SKBR3 which is HER2-over expressing cell line. We observed differential expression of CXCR2 and its ligands in these cells. Our observation also showed significant difference in the paclitaxel and doxorubicin-mediated inhibitory response in MDA-MB231 and MDA-MET cells as compared to SKBR3 cells. Together these studies demonstrate that manipulating CXCR2-dependent activity in malignant breast cancer cells significantly enhanced therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel and doxorubicin. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5462.
Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: A Contemporary Approach to Pharmacotherapeutic Management (2003)

Hospital admissions for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) have increased precipitously during the past few decades and are projected to continue to increase in the future. To optimize patient outcomes and reduce the costs associated with this disorder, evidenced-based pharmacotherapy is essential. Continuous infusions of loop diuretic therapy rather than bolus dosing may enhance efficacy and reduce the extent of diuretic resistance. Nesiritide is a pharmacologically novel preload and afterload reducer but based on clinical trial evidence should be reserved for those unable to take or with resistance to intravenous nitrate therapy. Catecholamine- and phosphodiesterase-based inotropic therapies are efficacious, but the increased risk of arrhythmogenesis and the potential for negative survival effects limit their use. The experimental agent levosimendan is a positive inotropic agent but does not increase myocyte calcium concentrations as do catecholamines or phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Clinical trial evidence demonstrates a positive survival benefit for levosimendan versus dobutamine.
ChemInform Abstract: Mining Cyanobacterial Genomes for Genes Encoding Complex Biosynthetic Pathways (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Cyclodextrin-induced host–guest effects of classically prepared poly(NIPAM) bearing azo-dye end groups (2012)

A thermo-, pH- and cyclodextrin- (CD) responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), with a N,N-dimethylaminoazobenzene end group was synthesized. Using 3-mercaptopropionic acid as a chain transfer agent, PNIPAM with a well-defined COOH end group was obtained. The acid end group was transferred to the corresponding acid chloride and then functionalized with N,N-dimethyl[4-(4'-aminophenylazo)phenyl]amine. This dye-end-group-labeled polymer showed acidochromic effects, depending on the pH and the presence of randomly methylated β-cyclodextrin (RAMEB-CD). Also higher cloud-point values for the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in the presence of RAMEB-CD were observed. Additionally, this azo-dye-end-group-labeled polymer was complexed with hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) decorated with β-CD to generate hedgehog-like superstructures.
Completion Detection Optimisation (2005)

This paper presents an algorithm for efficient distribution of completion detection blocks in a dualrail self-timed circuit to ensure correct computation of the completion signal. Layer-wise optimisation technique is used with the width of layers selected so as to satisfy timing constrains and use the least possible number of completion detection blocks. 1
One-dimensional MODE algorithm for two-dimensional frequency estimation (1997)

This paper describes how the computationally efficient one-dimensional MODE (1D-MODE) algorithm can be used to estimate the frequencies of two-dimensional complex sinusoids. We show that the 1D-MODE algorithm is computationally more efficient than the asymptotically statistically efficient 2D-MODE algorithm, especially when the numbers of spatial measurements are large. We find that the 1D-MODE algorithm is asymptotically statistically efficient for high signal-to-noise ratio. We also show that although the 1D-MODE is no longer statistically efficient when the number of temporal snapshots is large, the performance of the 1D-MODE can still be very close to that of the 2D-MODE under mild conditions. Numerical examples comparing the performance of the 1D-MODE and 2D-MODE algorithms are also presented.
Performance of adaptive beamformers for ultrasound imaging of a partially shaded object (2011)

Ultrasound imaging of tissue involving bone structures are prone to poor image quality due to different artifacts. The shadowing effect owing to obstruction of the ultrasound beams leads to reduced resolution and in some cases geometrical distortion. Minimum variance beamforming method (MV) using spatial averaging technique for the covariance matrix estimation has been successfully applied to medical ultrasound imaging. It has showen significant improvements in the image quality when the full imaging aperture exists. We demonstrate that the robustness of MV beamforming degrades when the aperture is highly obstructed by an acoustically hard tissue. In a simulation and an in-vitro study, we show that this robustness deficiency can distort image of the point scatterers located in the shadow of a bone tissue. This distortion can be seen as a lateral shift of the point spread function (PSF) and a decrease of the sensitivity. We show that forward/backward (FB) averaging of the covariance matrix increases the robustness of the MV beamformer against the shadowing at expense of the resolution degradation. Employing FB averaging technique, together with the eigenspace minimum variance (ESMV) beamformer can improve the performance of the MV beamformer.
Modeling and Control of a Hybrid Locomotion System (1999)

This paper describes a hybrid mobility system that combines the advantages of both legged and wheeled locomotion. The legs of the hybrid mobility system permit it to surmount obstacles and navigate difficult terrain, while the wheels allow efficient locomotion on prepared surfaces and provide a reliable passive mechanism for supporting the weight of the vehicle. We address the modeling, analysis and control of such hybrid mobility systems using the specific example of a wheelchair with two powered rear wheels, two passive front casters, and two articulated, two-degree-of-freedom legs. We exploit the redundancy in actuation to actively control and optimize the contact forces at the feet and the wheels. Our scheme for active traction optimization redistributes the contact forces so as to minimize the largest normalized ratio of tangential to normal forces among all the contacts. Simulation and experimental results for the prototype are presented to demonstrate and evaluate the approach.
Middleware for the integration of Bluetooth LE devices based on MQTT and ISO/IEEE 11073 (2017)

The ISO/IEEE 11073 standard is implemented in the Health Device Profile (HDP) of standard Bluetooth. Therefore the integration of Bluetooth Low Energy (Bluetooth LE) devices is not supported. However the trend in connecting medical and health care devices is going towards Bluetooth LE which allows more energy efficient devices. This paper presents an approach for integrating Bluetooth LE devices into an ISO/IEEE 11073 ecosystem by using an Android smartphone as intermediate and introducing an ISO/IEEE 11073 compliant transcoding agent using the ontologies of ISO/IEEE 11073 for knowledge representation. By introducing an ISO/IEEE 11073 manager with MQTT connectivity, access to the sensor data is available to non ISO/IEEE 11073 compliant applications as well. This allows an easy integration of both ISO/IEEE 11073 and Bluetooth LE sensors in every MQTT supporting middleware or application framework with low effort.