gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transparent Image Sensors Using an Organic Multilayer Photodiode (2006)

Transparent organic image sensors with polarization sensitivity have been demonstrated (see figure). When the light is perpendicularly polarized to the molecular orientation axis, the reflectivity of the imaging objects (white and black) is successfully detected by the photodiodes, which are made of stacked layers of a well-aligned 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic-bis-benzimidazole and non-aligned titanyl phthalocyanine.
Three new species of Gastromyzon (Teleostei: Balitoridae) from the Temburong River basin, Brunei Darussalam, Borneo (2006)

Three new species of Gastromyzon from Brunei Darussalam, on the island of Borneo, are described from recent collections and from older museum specimens. Gastromyzon cranbrooki, new species, is superficially similar to G. borneensis, but differs in having a distinct secondary rostrum; body brown with 9–10 grey bars, head dorsum dark brown with thin grey reticulate pattern; and 56–60 scales on lateral line. Gastromyzon aeroides, new species, is similar to G. punctulatus, but differs in having the body uniform brown, dorsum uniform brown; head dorsum with very fine cream reticulate pattern (similar to a cream head with brown spots and blotches); dorsal, caudal and anal fins blue in life; and 47–65 scales in lateral line. Gastromyzon venustus, new species, is similar to G. pariclavis, but differs in having both the body and head dorsum plain brown; dorsal, caudal and anal fins red in life; and 58–63 scales in lateral line.
The Usefulness of a Harmonic Scalpel$^{\circledR}$ for Hemorrhoidectomy (2002)

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare conventional scissors and Harmonic Scalpel hemorrhoidectomy. Methods: Two hundred and five patients were prospectively assigned to two groups in the consecutive order. The group was divided into Group A (Harmonic Scalpel excision; n=101) and Group B (conventional scissor excision; n=104). All other aspects of surgery and anesthesia were standardized. Intramuscular opiate was available on demand during the postoperative period, and analgesic requirements were also recorded. All patients noted their pain on a daily basis using a visual analogue scale (0=no pain; 10=worst pain). The length of hospitalization, operative time and postoperative complications were also analyzed. Results: The operative time was 16.60.9 minutes 20.8 minutes in Group A and B, respectively (p0.1 and 4.50.1 days (p excision significantly shortens the operative time for hemorrhoidectomy with less blood loss and postoperative pain without remarkable early or late postoperative complications.
Measurement of olfactory threshold using an evoked potential technique. (1999)

A new device introducing brief pulses of odorised air synchronous with the inspiration of the test subject was developed. Responses to skatole were distinguishable as an evoked response by using the superimposition technique before averaging. The olfactory threshold measured by the chemosensory event-related potentials to olfactory stimulations according to our ascending method was found E-2 or E-1 and was equal to the detection olfactory threshold in each of the eight normal test subjects.
The use of a glutamic acid specific endopeptidases in peptide synthesis (1993)

International audience
Good Aerobic or Muscular Fitness Protects Overweight Men from Elevated Oxidized LDL (2011)

Overweight and obesity are associated with ox-LDL lipids and serum conventional lipids. However, both good cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular fitness seem to protect overweight subjects from the atherogenic lipid profile.
[Enantioselective synthesis and antifungal activity of optically active econazole and miconazole]. (1993)

In an effort to investigate the relationship between stereochemistry and antifungal activity of the antimycotic agents, optically active econazole and miconazole were first enantioselectively synthesized. The key step was the enantioselective reduction of 2-chloro-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl) ethanone catalyzed by chiral oxazaborolidine. Preliminary biological tests showed that (R)-(-)-econazole and (R)-(-)-miconazole were more active than the (S)-isomer and racemates against common pathogenic fungi such as Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum, T. gypseum, Microsporum lanosum and Aspergillus flavus in vitro.
A Megatrend Challenging Analytical Chemistry: Biosensor and Chemosensor Concepts Ready for the Internet of Things (2019)

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a megatrend that cuts across all scientific and engineering disciplines and establishes an integrating technical evolution to improve production efficiencies and daily human life. Linked machines and sensors use decision-making routines to work toward a common product or solution. Expanding this technical revolution into the value chain of complex areas such as agriculture, food production, and healthcare requires the implementation and connection of sophisticated (bio)analytical methods. Today, wearable sensors, monitors, and point-of-care diagnostic tests are part of our daily lives and improve patients' medical progression or athletes' monitoring capabilities that are already beyond imagination. Also, early contributions toward sensor networks and finally the IT revolution with wireless data collection and transmission via Bluetooth or smartphones have set the foundation to connect remote sensors and distributed analytical chemical services with centralized laboratories, cloud storage, and cloud computing. Here, we critically review those biosensor and chemosensor technologies and concepts used in an IoT setting or considered IoT-ready that were published in the period 2013-2018, while also pointing to those foundational concepts and ideas that arose over the last two decades. We focus on these sensors due to their unique ability to be remotely stationed and that easily function in networks and have made the greatest progress toward IoT integration. Finally, we highlight requirements and existing and future challenges and provide possible solutions important toward the vision of a seamless integration into a global analytical concept, which includes many more analytical techniques than sensors and includes foremost next-generation sequencing and separation principles coupled with MS detection.
Controlled Observations on the Effect of Low Sodium Dietotherapy in Essential Hypertension (1951)

The effectiveness and practicality of low sodium diets are tested in groups of in- and outpatients. The data indicate that roughly one-fourth with severe essential hypertension can respond favorably to prolonged restriction of sodium intake to less than 0.5 Gm. daily. The rice diet is found to be in effect a simple low sodium diet. Under the conditions of outpatient practice, low sodium dietotherapy is usually impractical and must be controlled by frequent analyses of urinary sodium.
Detection of ABO blood group polymorphism by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (1992)

We report the use of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) format together with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) which allows rapid identification of the 6 major genotypes (AA, AO, BB, BO, AB and OO) of the human ABO blood group polymorphism in a single amplification. The procedure also distinguishes hitherto undescribed polymorphisms associated with the O and B alleles. Thus in testing 95 unrelated European individuals 4 different O alleles, 2 B alleles and 1 A allele were identified by DGGE and the level of recognisable heterozygosity, and hence the information content of the locus as a genetic marker, was raised from 3/95 (3%) to 66/95 (70%). The procedure is robust, genotyping is rapid and clear-cut, and has immediate implications for the use of the ABO locus in linkage analysis on chromosome 9q, the investigation of disease associations and forensic identification.
Aberrant Transforming Growth Factor β1 Signaling and SMAD4 Nuclear Translocation Confer Epigenetic Repression of ADAM19 in Ovarian Cancer (2008)

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)/SMAD signaling is a key growth regulatory pathway often dysregulated in ovarian cancer and other malignancies. Although loss of TGF-beta-mediated growth inhibition has been shown to contribute to aberrant cell behavior, the epigenetic consequence(s) of impaired TGF-beta/SMAD signaling on target genes is not well established. In this study, we show that TGF-beta1 causes growth inhibition of normal ovarian surface epithelial cells, induction of nuclear translocation SMAD4, and up-regulation of ADAM19 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain 19), a newly identified TGF-beta1 target gene. Conversely, induction and nuclear translocation of SMAD4 were negligible in ovarian cancer cells refractory to TGF-beta1 stimulation, and ADAM19 expression was greatly reduced. Furthermore, in the TGF-beta1 refractory cells, an inactive chromatin environment, marked by repressive histone modifications (trimethyl-H3K27 and dimethyl-H3K9) and histone deacetylase, was associated with the ADAM19 promoter region. However, the CpG island found within the promoter and first exon of ADAM19 remained generally unmethylated. Although disrupted growth factor signaling has been linked to epigenetic gene silencing in cancer, this is the first evidence demonstrating that impaired TGF-beta1 signaling can result in the formation of a repressive chromatin state and epigenetic suppression of ADAM19. Given the emerging role of ADAMs family proteins in growth factor regulation in normal cells, we suggest that epigenetic dysregulation of ADAM19 may contribute to the neoplastic process in ovarian cancer.
A 32-bit Ultrafast Parallel Correlator using Resonant Tunneling Devices (1995)

An ultrafast 32-bit pipeline correlator has been implemented using resonant tunneling diodes (RTD) and hetero-junction bipolar transistors (HBT). The negative differential resistance (NDR) characteristics of RTD's is the basis of logic gates with the self-latching property that eliminates pipeline area and delay overheads which limit throughput in conventional technologies. The circuit topology also allows threshold logic functions such as minority/majority to be implemented in a compact manner resulting in reduction of the overall complexity and delay of arbitrary logic circuits. The parallel correlator is an essential component in code division multi-access (CDMA) transceivers used for the continuous calculation of correlation between an incoming data stream and a PN sequence. Simulation results show that a nano-pipelined correlator can provide and effective throughput of one 32-bit correlation every 100 picoseconds, using minimal hardware, with a power dissipation of 1.5 watts. RTD plus HBT based logic gates have been fabricated and the RTD plus HBT based correlator is compared with state of the art complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) implementations.
[Pathogenetic factors of Alzheimer disease]. (1995)

The aim of this article is to review the pathogenetic factors of Alzheimer's disease. Primary correlates of Alzheimer's disease are a dysfunction of and a subsequent decrease in the number of cortical and hippocampal synapses, followed by neurofibrillary and neuritic changes of hippocampal and cortical neurons. While the synapse pathology has been shown to be an early event in Alzheimer's disease, a significant neurofibrillary and neuritic pathology appears to develop only during the course of the disease. Cortical amyloid deposits are an unspecific, age-related phenomenon that can also be found in the brains of the majority of nondemented elderly persons over the age of 65 years. Transgenic amyloid mice proved to be of only limited value as animal models of Alzheimer' disease. According to several studies, there is no correlation between the total number of cortical amyloid plaques and clinical parameters of dementia. However, such a correlation exists with respect to the proportion of neuritic plaques, i.e., with respect to the degree of neuritic degeneration within plaques. In addition to these changes, an interleukin-6 associated inflammatory response has been found in the cortices of Alzheimer patients which is absent in the brains of nondemented elderly persons, and which therefore appears to be a specific element. The significance of changes in the cholinergic neurotransmission for Alzheimer's disease is discussed. Finally, the role of apolipoprotein E and other genetic risk factors is reviewed. In this context it is emphasized that in young persons apolipoprotein E4 is not a suitable early diagnostic marker for Alzheimer's disease.
Japan and Russia: Bureaucratic Politics in a Comparative Context (1978)

The papers by Bernard S. Silberman and Alfred J. Rieber raise two categories of problems which interact to illuminate some central issues of comparative social science. One category of issues concerns the relative ability of Japan and Russia in terms of their heritage of political institutions to take advantage of opportunities for development offered by the revolution in science and technology; and the relative capacity of these two countries in this regard as compared both with the earlier-modernizing Western societies and with those in other parts of the world that modernized later. Japan and Russia are one of the pairs of countries that can offer the most fruitful point of departure for wide-ranging comparisons.
Locking of electric-field-induced non-180° domain switching and phase transition in ferroelectric materials upon cyclic electric fatigue (2003)

In situ x-ray diffraction measurements are conducted on a polycrystalline ferroelectric material lead-zironate-titanate-5H at different levels of static electric field. The locking of electric-field-induced non-180° domain switching and phase transition after experiencing cyclic electric field is investigated by examining the changes in pseudocubic diffraction profiles. The results show that cyclic electric field with an amplitude lower than the coercive field has little effect on ferroelectric fatigue of the material, whereas cyclic field with an amplitude above the coercive field results in nearly complete locking of non-180° domain switching and phase transition. The results also demonstrate that the locking occurs rather suddenly after 103–104 cycles. This locking phenomenon can explain the dramatic change in piezoelectric coefficients in these materials upon cyclic electric field.
Hyaluronic acid-modified cationic niosomes for ocular gene delivery: improving transfection efficiency in retinal pigment epithelium (2018)

Hyaluronic acid-C-niosomes might provide a promising gene delivery system for successful retinal gene therapy.
Role of the JP45-Calsequestrin Complex on Calcium Entry in Slow Twitch Skeletal Muscles (2016)

We exploited a variety of mouse models to assess the roles of JP45-CASQ1 (CASQ, calsequestrin) and JP45-CASQ2 on calcium entry in slow twitch muscles. In flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) fibers isolated from JP45-CASQ1-CASQ2 triple KO mice, calcium transients induced by tetanic stimulation rely on calcium entry via La(3+)- and nifedipine-sensitive calcium channels. The comparison of excitation-coupled calcium entry (ECCE) between FDB fibers from WT, JP45KO, CASQ1KO, CASQ2KO, JP45-CASQ1 double KO, JP45-CASQ2 double KO, and JP45-CASQ1-CASQ2 triple KO shows that ECCE enhancement requires ablation of both CASQs and JP45. Calcium entry activated by ablation of both JP45-CASQ1 and JP45-CASQ2 complexes supports tetanic force development in slow twitch soleus muscles. In addition, we show that CASQs interact with JP45 at Ca(2+) concentrations similar to those present in the lumen of the sarcoplasmic reticulum at rest, whereas Ca(2+) concentrations similar to those present in the SR lumen after depolarization-induced calcium release cause the dissociation of JP45 from CASQs. Our results show that the complex JP45-CASQs is a negative regulator of ECCE and that tetanic force development in slow twitch muscles is supported by the dynamic interaction between JP45 and CASQs.
Unconventional Electronic Structure Evolution with Hole Doping inBi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ: Angle-Resolved Photoemission Results (1996)

We report angle-resolved photoemission results on ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Dy}}_{x}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{8+\ensuremath{\delta}}$ and oxygen depleted ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}{\mathrm{CaCu}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{8+\ensuremath{\delta}}$ investigating the electronic structure changes above ${T}_{c}$ in materials with hole doping levels ranging from insulating to slightly overdoped. Near optimal hole doping, the Fermi surface is large and consistent with band calculations. In underdoped samples with ${T}_{c}$ of 60--70 K, portions of this Fermi surface are not seen. This change is related to the opening of an energy gap near $(\ensuremath{\pi},0)$ above ${T}_{c}$.
Thermoresponsive Polyoxometalate/Ionic Liquid Supramolecular Gel Electrolytes for Supercapacitors: Fabrication, Structure, and Heteropolyanion Structure Effect (2017)

We report the fabrication, structure, and heteropolyanion structure effect of polyoxometalate (POM)/ionic liquid (IL) supramolecular gels. These supramolecular gels exhibit ordered structures, as a result of their excellent reversible self-assembly, and they show various physicochemical properties, determined by the heteropolyanion structure effect of POM anions. Specifically, the formation of POM/IL supramolecular gels results in a highly ordered layer-shape structure, which has been calculated using X-ray powder diffraction patterns and proven by transmission electron microscopy images for the first time. When these POM/IL supramolecular gels are heated, they become viscous liquid sols, with melting isotropic drops and even flowerlike structures on microscopic scales, while it undergoes a reversible gel-sol phase transformation from gel to sol. The heteropolyanion structure effect in these two IL gels, [TBTP]<sub>5</sub>PW<sub>10</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>40</sub> and [TBTP]<sub>8</sub>P<sub>2</sub>W<sub>16</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>62</sub>, on their physicochemical properties is demonstrated. The POM structures have a strong structure effect on the physicochemical properties. As the size of heteropolyanions increases, there is a significant improvement in the conductivity, thermal performance, and oxidizability, with a lower phase inversion temperature, which means that the Dawson-type compound, [TBTP]<sub>8</sub>P<sub>2</sub>W<sub>16</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>62</sub>, has a higher conductivity, lower melting point, stronger oxidizability, and better thermal performance than the Keggin-type compound, [TBTP]<sub>5</sub>PW<sub>10</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>40</sub>, under the same conditions.
Asymmetric Catalysis Powered by Chiral Cyclopentadienyl Ligands (2016)

Application of chiral derivatives of the versatile and ubiquitous cyclopentadienyl ligand has long remained an underdeveloped area in asymmetric catalysis. In this Perspective we highlight recent exciting results that demonstrate their enormous potential. In particular, we provide a comparative analysis of the available ligand families, an overview of their complexation chemistry, and an examination of their application in catalytic enantioselective reactions. We also discuss current limitations and speculate on the developments that are necessary to advance the field further.
The Impact of Placebic Explanations on Trust in Intelligent Systems (2019)

Work in social psychology on interpersonal interaction has demonstrated that people are more likely to comply to a request if they are presented with a justification - even if this justification conveys no information. In the light of the many calls for explaining reasoning of interactive intelligent systems to users, we investigate whether this effect holds true for human-computer interaction. Using a prototype of a nutrition recommender, we conducted a lab study (N=30) between three groups (no explanation, placebic explanation, and real explanation). Our results indicate that placebic explanations for algorithmic decision-making may indeed invoke perceived levels of trust similar to real explanations. We discuss how placebic explanations could be considered in future work.
Effects of benzydamine on radio-polychemotherapeutic mucositis of the oral cavity. (1985)

A double-blind versus placebo study with benzydamine mouthwash, to demonstrate the histoprotective and antiinflammatory effects on the oral mucosa during intra-arterial chemotherapy of the head and neck, confirmed on a preliminary basis that benzydamine had a beneficial effect.
In vitro dexamethasone treatment does not induce alternative ATM transcripts in cells from Ataxia–Telangiectasia patients (2020)

Short term treatment with low doses of glucocorticoid analogues has been shown to ameliorate neurological symptoms in Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T), a rare autosomal recessive multisystem disease that mainly affects the cerebellum, immune system, and lungs. Molecular mechanisms underlying this clinical observation are unclear. We aimed at evaluating the effect of dexamethasone on the induction of alternative ATM transcripts (ATMdexa1). We showed that dexamethasone cannot induce an alternative ATM transcript in control and A-T lymphoblasts and primary fibroblasts, or in an ATM-knockout HeLa cell line. We also demonstrated that some of the reported readouts associated with ATMdexa1 are due to cellular artifacts and the direct induction of γH2AX by dexamethasone via DNA-PK. Finally, we suggest caution in interpreting dexamethasone effects in vitro for the results to be translated into a rational use of the drug in A-T patients.
Fully micromechanical piezo-thermal oscillators (2010)

This work presents thermally actuated micromechanical resonant structures capable of self-sustained oscillation without the need for supporting electronic circuitry. This is enabled by interactions between thermal actuation and the piezoresistive effect in such structures leading to an internal positive feedback mechanism. Single crystal silicon extensional mode dual plate resonators with frequencies in the few MHz range (as high as 6.6MHz) have been fabricated to demonstrate this concept. Such devices can initiate self-sustained oscillations under both vacuum and atmospheric pressure by passing only a DC bias current through them. Output voltage peak to peak amplitudes as high as 825mV, with power consumption in the few mili-Watts range, have been demonstrated for such self-sustained oscillators. Preliminary jitter measurements show promising results.
Swell Ratio Tester Report FY 2003 (2004)

Abstract : This study examined the results of the SRT-1, and compared with the current sol-gel method of determining crosslink density at IHDIV/NSWC. We compared ease of use, time, material use, and the data from the two methods. This report provides the results of the comparison of the Swell Ratio Tester (SRT) with the current sol-gel method of determining swell ratio and crosslink density of polymers.
Diagnosis of <i>Legionella pneumonia</i> based on <i>Legionella</i> urinary antigen testing of serum instead of urine in a hemodialysis patient (2017)

71歳男性. 透析歴2年. 発熱, 前胸部痛を主訴とし, 酸素化低下と胸部単純X線で左肺野の浸潤影を認め, 肺炎の診断で緊急入院となった. 細菌性肺炎を疑い, セフトリアキソンの投与を開始したが, 第4病日, 炎症反応の上昇, 浸潤影の拡大を認めた. 非定型肺炎の合併を疑い, シプロフロキサシン (CPFX) を追加した. 第5病日, 無尿のため血清を代用した尿中レジオネラ抗原検出試薬による検査 (抗原検査) を行ったところ, 陽性であった. 導尿にて少量の尿が採取され, 尿中抗原陽性も確認した. レジオネラ肺炎と診断し, CPFXからレボフロキサシンへの変更にて軽快, 治癒し, 血清の抗原検査で陰性化を認めた. 透析患者は, レジオネラ肺炎の診断に用いられる尿の採取が困難であることが多い. 無尿の透析患者においては, レジオネラ肺炎の診断に, 血清を代用した抗原検査が有用である可能性が示された.