gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of Luenberger observer, sliding mode observer and extended Kalman filter for sensorless vector control of induction motor drives (2009)

Observer-based sensorless techniques are becoming more and more popular and universal. This paper presents a comparative study of three kinds of observers for direct field oriented controlled (DFOC) induction motor (IM) drive: Luenberger observer (LO), sliding mode observer (SMO) and extended Kalman filter (EKF). Each kind of observer employs the dynamic full-order IM model and mechanical equation is introduced to improve the performance of speed estimation. Theoretical principles of the three observers are illustrated. Not only computer simulations, but also a series of experimental results are presented to evaluate the performances of the three observers. A comprehensive analysis and comparisons are given from several aspects, such as steady state accuracy, dynamic performance, low speed operation, parameter sensitivity, noise sensitivity and complexity. The advantages and disadvantages of each observer are summarized and a comprehensive conclusion is given.
Formation of the sea urchin male pronucleus in cell-free extracts (2000)

At fertilization, the dormant sperm nucleus undergoes morphological and biochemical transformations leading to the development of a functional male pronucleus. We have investigated the formation of the male pronucleus in a cell-free system consisting of permeabilized sea urchin sperm nuclei incubated in fertilized sea urchin egg extract containing membrane vesicles. The first sperm nuclear transformation observed in vitro is the disassembly of the sperm nuclear lamina as a result of lamin B phosphorylation mediated by egg protein kinase C. The conical sperm nucleus then decondenses into a spherical pronucleus in an ATP-dependent manner. The new nuclear envelope (NE) forms by ATP-dependent binding of vesicles to chromatin and GTP-dependent fusion of vesicles with one another. Three cytoplasmic vesicle fractions with distinct properties are required for the formation of the male pronuclear envelope. Binding of each fraction to chromatin requires two detergent-resistant lipophilic structures at each pole of the sperm nucleus, which are incorporated into the NE by membrane fusion. Targeting of the bulk of NE vesicles to chromatin is mediated by a lamin B receptor (LBR)-like integral membrane protein. The last step of male pronuclear formation involves nuclear swelling. Nuclear swelling is associated with import of soluble lamin B into the nucleus and growth of the NE. In the nucleus, lamin B associates with LBR, which apparently tethers the NE to the lamina. Thus, formation of the male pronuclear envelope involves a highly ordered series of reactions.
Three-Dimensional Polymeric Mechanical Metamaterials Fabricated by Multibeam Interference Lithography with the Assistance of Plasma Etching (2016)

The pentamode structure is a type of mechanical metamaterial that displays dramatically different bulk and shear modulus responses. In this study, a face-centered cubic (FCC) polymeric microstructure was fabricated by using SU8 negative-type photoresists and multibeam interference exposure. Isotropic plasma etching is used to control the solid-volume fraction; for the first time, we obtained a structure with the minimum solid-volume fraction as low as 15% that still exhibited high structural integrity. Using this method, we reduced the width of atom-to-atom connections by up to 40 nm. We characterize the effect of the connection area on the anisotropy of the mechanical properties using simulations. Nanoindentation measurements were also conducted to evaluate the energy dissipation by varying the connection area. The Young's/shear modulus ratio is 5 times higher for the etched microstructure than that of the bulk SU8 materials. The use of interference lithography may enable the properties of microscale materials to be engineered for various applications, such as MEMS.
Welding Soft Magnetic FeCoV Alloy Hiperco(r) 50A. (2021)

Abstract not provided.
Rheology/morphology relationship of plasticized and nonplasticized thermoplastic elastomers based on ethylene–propylene–diene–terpolymer and polypropylene (2011)

Abstract The rheology/morphology relationship of plasticized and nonplasticized ethylene–propylene–diene–terpolymer/polypropylene (EPDM/PP) TPOs was studied. The aim was to investigate the effect of a plasticizer on the morphology, specially on the co‐continuity interval of these blends. The addition of a plasticizer increased the interconnectivity of the elastomeric phase, resulting in a rapid percolation of the EPDM at a relatively low composition range as compared to the nonplasticized counterparts. However, the addition of the plasticizer did not change the onset of the co‐continuity interval in the low EPDM content side of the composition diagram. Moreover, due to plasticization, the percolation of the PP phase was delayed on the other side of the composition diagram. Large differences between the viscous and elastic properties of the constituent polymers were observed. Hence, a combination of low frequency measurements and a gel approach were crucial to characterize the co‐continuity interval using rheology. The phase inversion compositions were fairly well described by existing semi‐empirical viscosity ratio‐based models. Furthermore, a satisfactory prediction was obtained for the viscoelastic properties of the nonplasticized TPOs using a micro‐mechanical model. However, this model failed in the case of the plasticized TPOs, due to the probable presence of a plasticized interphase. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. ©2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Refolding chromatography with immobilized mini-chaperones (1997)

Mini-chaperones (e.g., a peptide consisting of residues 191-345 of GroEL) that are immobilized on agarose have very efficient chaperoning activity with several proteins that are otherwise recalcitrant to renaturation by conventional methods. We have used immobilized mini-chaperones both in column chromatography and batchwise to renature an insoluble protein from an inclusion body, to refold apparently irreversibly denatured proteins, and to recondition enzymes that have lost activity on storage. Refolding chromatography offers an efficient and simple means to renature proteins in high yield and with biological activity.
Supplementary Figure legend from Weekly <i>nab</i>-Rapamycin in Patients with Advanced Nonhematologic Malignancies: Final Results of a Phase I Trial (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure legend&lt;/p&gt;
Screening for drought tolerance and genetic diversity analysis in landraces of lentil (2015)

Drought is one of the most challenging abiotic stresses limiting lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) production in arid and semi-arid areas. Lentil is an annual food legume widely grown under rainfed environments where drought stress episodes occur frequently. Therefore, developing a rapid method for screening drought-tolerant genotypes for breeding programs is of great interest. A collection of 70 lentil landraces from Morocco, Italy, Greece and Turkey was evaluated for its drought characteristics under greenhouse conditions in Ghent, Belgium, using leaf Relative Water Content (RWC), Water Losing Rate (WLR) and Wilting Score (WS). These landraces were also analyzed using 19 simple sequence repeat (SSRs) DNA markers. Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis Test was used to identify markers associated to the three parameters used to measure the landraces’ drought tolerance (RWC, WLR and WS). Significant associations between drought tolerance and SSR markers were observed. Results show that the described method of screening for drought tolerance is time- and resource-effective for food legumes breeding programs targeting drought tolerance.
Analysis of the Influences of Central Bank Financing on Operative Collapses of Financial Institutions Using Agent-Based Simulation. (2016)

Studies on financial crisis have focused on systemic risk, whereby the collapse of one or more financial institutions has a ripple effect on the financial system itself. To prevent the occurrence or spread of such risks, a variety of discussions and studies have examined the role of central banks. This study deals with a case where central banks play a critical backup role in interbank markets. To realize the study aims, the authors develop an agent-based simulation platform and analyze the influences of central bank financing on operative reaction collapses of financial institutions. The main results are as follows: First, their financing may prevent operative reaction collapses by easing cash-flow situations. Additionally, there exist other risks such as financial institutions becoming excessively dependent for funding on the central bank, and unhealthy institutions remaining alive when they deserve to fail.
Defining a Use Case for the ADMS Test Bed: Fault Location, Isolation, and Service Restoration with Distributed Energy Resources (2021)

Advanced distribution management systems (ADMS) integrate multiple enterprise-level functions into a single platform and offer advanced applications such as fault location, isolation, and service restoration (FLISR), to utilities to meet their operational needs for a modernized grid. These applications need to operate reliably even as distributed energy resource (DER) penetration increases on distribution systems. The ADMS test bed at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory offers utilities and vendors the opportunity to evaluate the performance of such advanced applications on distribution feeders of the future and to understand their potential benefits for a specific utility. This is done through defining use cases that address specific questions. This paper presents the definition of a use case on the performance of a commercially-available FLISR application on a feeder of an electric cooperative with DERs. After experiments are completed, results from this use case will be disseminated to the electric utility and research community to improve understanding of the challenges and benefits that DERs present to ADMS applications and the operation of a modernized grid.
Combination of Poly(3-butylthiophene) Hole-Transporting Layer and Butylammonium Interface Passivation to Improve an Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cell (2023)

Owing to their superior power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), all-perovskite tandem solar cells have recently attracted extensive attention, in which an inorganic CsPbI2Br perovskite with a wide band gap is configurated as the front photovoltaic cell. A dopant-free poly(3-butylthiophene) is an effective hole-extracting and -transporting material coated on the inorganic perovskite layer, compared with conventional poly(3-hexyl- and -octyl-thiophene)s. In addition, surface passivation of the perovskite layer using alkyl ammonium bromide, especially butyl-one, further improves the PCE, including its durability. Herein, we discussed the matching of the alkyl chain lengths for poly(3-alkylthiophene) and of the alkyl ammonium salt at the interface of the hole-extracting and passivated perovskite layers.
MRI Investigation of Water Transport Mechanism in a Membrane under Elevated Temperature Condition with Relative Humidity and Current Density Variation (2008)

An environmentally controlled MRI technique was used to investigate the effect of relative humidity and current density on the transverse water content profile in a membrane under fuel cell operation at elevated temperature. MRI visualization revealed that, in the dry condition (40% RH), the water content in the membrane was around 3 and the water content profile was flat. In the wet condition (92% RH), a higher water content of around λ=15 was observed than that at 80% RH, suggesting that the generated water in the cathode catalyst layer was transported to the membrane at 92% RH. A larger water concentration gradient was observed at 0.1A/cm2 with 92% RH than that at 80% RH, suggesting that the larger water content in the membrane induced greater electro-osmotic drag, since the electro-osmosis coefficient was positively correlated with the water content.
Heat and entropy of fusion of isotactic polypropylene (1965)

Abstract Heats and entropies of fusion of polymers are customarily evaluated through melting point depression measurements with the assumption that the observed and thermodynamic melting points are nearly identical. However, it has recently become evident that the crystal surface free energy is not negligible, so that apparent melting points measured dilatometrically or calorimetrically are low by perhaps 5–15°C. the status of the accumulated body of thermodynamic data is rendered still more uncertain by the possibility that the surface free energy may vary in a systematic manner with diluent concentration. To investigate this question, dilatometric data were obtained by two procedures for tetralin solutions of isotactic polypropylene. The first set of measurements was performed upon samples which had been slowly cooled from the melt, while in the second procedure the apparent melting point was measured as a function of the isothermal crystallization temperature. Extrapolation of the latter data gave t M ° = 186 ± 2°C., a value of 12°C. higher than the apparent melting temperature observed according to the first procedure; however, the heats of fusion obtained by the two methods agreed to within the experimental error. A possible explanation for this behavior may be offered by the observations that both the parameter β of Hoffman and Weeks, and the ratio of the temperature of maximum crystallization rate to the melting temperature, are independent of diluent concentration over the range investigated. This suggests that the addition of diluent does not affect the distribution of fold lengths. If this behavior proves to be general, dilatometric heats of fusion will be reinstated as valid thermodynamic data for polymers.
A new representation of graphs and its applications to parallel processing (2002)

In this paper, we propose a new presentation of graphs, called the index-permutation (IP) graph model, and apply it to the systematic development of communication-efficient interconnection networks. We derive several new classes of interconnection networks based on IP graphs to achieve the desired properties. We show that the diameters of some classes of IP graphs are optimal within a factor of 1+0(1) given their node degrees. Designs based on IP graphs can balance system resources by appropriately selecting network parameters, thus providing adaptability to future technology and application requirements.
The effect of dispersants on the tensile properties of carbon nanotube/vinyl ester composites (2012)

Abstract The effects of eight different dispersants on the stability of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in vinyl ester (VE) resin systems have been systematically analyzed. Suspensions incorporating different amounts of dispersants relative to the concentration of MWCNTs in the VE have been prepared. The resistance to sedimentation of MWCNTs in the resin was investigated by using a centrifugation technique. One dispersing agent (B60H) was found to impart long‐term stability to suspensions of MWCNTs in VE. VE‐based composites reinforced with MWCNTs were prepared using different amounts of the dispersing agent. Tensile tests were performed to analyze the effect of different concentrations of MWCNTs and the use of the dispersing agent in the composites. Fracture surfaces of VE nanocomposites have been analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to elucidate the reinforcing effect of the CNTs. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Microvascular density of breast cancer in bone metastasis: influence of therapy. (2005)

Angiosuppressive therapy is a new approach to cancer management including BRC and is frequently applied in the advanced stage of disease. Tumors with a prominent angiogenic phenotype (high MVD and VEGF) are primary candidates for such regimes. The fact that chemo-endocrine adjuvant therapy of BRC resulted in a weaker angiogenic phenotype in bone metastases compared to non-treated cases may suggest that these latter patients are better candidates for angiosuppressive interventions.
763-nm Laser Light Source for Oxygen Monitoring Using Second Harmonic Generation in Direct-Bonded Quasi-Phase-Matched LiNbO3 Ridge Waveguide (2006)

We fabricate a 763-nm laser module based on second-harmonic generation using a direct-bonded quasi-phase-matched LiNbO 3 ridge waveguide. We obtained a 0.84-mW output of 763 nm light using a 1526-nm distributed-feedback laser diode. We also demonstrate O 2 gas detection using the module output.
Acute urinary retention associated with sublingual buprenorphine. (1983)

Prevalence and treatment of gall stones after gastric bypass surgery for morbid obesity Obesity and rapid weight loss predispose to the formation of gall stones.'We have documented the prevalence of gall stones before and after gastric bypass surgery for morbid obesity. Subjects, methods, and resultsSeventy three obese patients underwent gastric bypass operations between March 1980 and January 1982.Their median age was 34 years (range 18-51), median weight 118 kg (range 93-165), and 71 were women.Patients were fasted for 12 hours before operation.At operation a proximal gastric pouch of between 50 and 100 ml in volume was constructed, which was drained through a narrow stoma (10-12 mm) into a 40 cm Roux-en-Y segment of jejunum.Fourteen of the patients had already had their gall bladders removed, and 19 underwent cholecystectomy for gall stones at the time of the gastric bvpass.The remaining 40 patients wNere found to have normal gall bladders both on oral cholecystography and on palpation at operation.Gall bladder bile samples were takeni from 13 of the 19 patients who had 'Papapoulos SE, Clemens TL,
Influence of Sensor Substrate Geometry on the Sensitivity of MEMS Micro-Extensometers (2005)

In order to determine the influence of the silicon chip substrate on measurement fidelity in a silicon MEMS micro-extensometer, finite element modeling of strain transfer efficiency from a steel beam through a bond layer and silicon chip is investigated over a range of chip and steel beam geometries under both axial and pure bending load conditions. The finite element model results are verified against experimental data. An analytical model that incorporates both influence of the bonded substrate on the effective load and shear-lag phenomenon in the bond is developed and is shown to compare favorably to the finite element model over a wide range of chip and beam geometries. Based on these results, a partially-trenched silicon chip is also investigated as an alternate means of locally enhancing the strain transfer to the micro-extensometer without compromising the ability of the substrate to act as part of the encapsulation of moving elements of the micro-extensometer from the environment. The partially-trenched substrate in bending is experimentally shown to generate strains that are 118% of the strain applied to the substrate—a 23% percent improvement over the equivalent unpatterned substrate geometry.
A polymer-based nanodevice for the photoregulated release of NO with two-photon fluorescence reporting in skin carcinoma cells (2013)

We have developed a multifunctional biocompatible nanoconstruct based on polymeric nanoparticles encapsulating a molecular conjugate, able to photorelease nitric oxide (NO) with a fluorescent reporting function. We demonstrate that two-photon excitation (TPE) using biofriendly NIR 700 nm laser light can be applied for monitoring as well as triggering the release of NO, wherein the uncaging of a strongly fluorescent co-product acts in turn as a TPE fluorescent reporter for the simultaneous NO release from the nanoassembly. This supramolecular nanodevice internalizes in skin carcinoma cells, induces significant cell death upon light excitation and preserves its TPE properties, allowing the nearly instantaneous quantification of the NO photoreleased in cancer cells by two-photon NIR fluorescence microscopy.
Precursors for Organometallic Chemical Vapor Deposition of Tungsten Carbide Films (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPrecursors for Organometallic Chemical Vapor Deposition of Tungsten Carbide FilmsKen K. Lai and H. Henry LambCite this: Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 12, 2284–2292Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00060a016https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00060a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views471Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Kinetic analysis of the melt acidolytic (Co) polycondensation of fully aromatic polyesters (1992)

Abstract Experiments to determine the initial reaction rate constants of acidolytic (co)polycondensations of fully aromatic polyesters were conducted in the melt. The initial reaction rate was determined by constant monitoring of the evolution of acetic acid. Both homo‐polycondensation of p ‐acetoxybenzoic acid (pAcBA) and copolycondensation of 2 parts pAcBA, 1 part p , p '‐bisacetoxybiphenyl (BAcBP), and 1 part terephthalic acid (TPA) were studied in a batch reactor under nonisothermal conditions. Next to this, the effect of the presence of the catalyst N ‐methylimidazole (NMI) on the (co)polycondensations was checked. From the series of experiments it was concluded that the reactivities of acetoxy groups of pAcBA and BAcBP were equal. Furthermore, it was found that the catalyst NMI showed an accelerating effect in the homo‐ and copolycondensations, thereby acting as a “conventional catalyst.” The postulated reaction mechanism for the (co)polycondensations is in accordance with the reaction mechanism for acidolysis of esters by carboxylic acids as suggested by Loncrini. The reactivity of TPA could not be determined by the method used because of the poor solubility of TPA in the reaction mixture. © 1992 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.