gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adalimumab with Methotrexate vs. Adalimumab Monotherapy in Psoriasis: First-Year Results of a Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial (2022)

Combination therapy of adalimumab and MTX results in fewer patients showing antidrug antibodies, with a trend toward a better PASI 75 response, drug survival, and higher serum-trough concentrations than ADL. Patient-reported outcomes and adverse events were comparable between the groups.
Newly Synthesized ‘Hidabeni’ Chalcone Derivatives Potently Suppress LPS-Induced NO Production <i>via</i> Inhibition of STAT1, but Not NF-κB, JNK, and p38, Pathways in Microglia (2014)

Chalcones are open-chain flavonoids that are biosynthesized in various plants. Some of them possess anti-inflammatory activity. We previously found that chalcone glycosides from Brassica rapa L. 'hidabeni' suppress lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in rat microglia highly aggressively proliferating immortalized (HAPI) cells. In this study, to explore chalcone derivatives with potent NO inhibitory activity, we synthesized ten compounds based on 'hidabeni' chalcone and examined their effects on LPS-triggered inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression and NO production. Compounds C4 and C10 potently inhibited NO production (IC50: 4.19, 2.88 µM, respectively). C4 and C10 suppressed LPS-induced iNOS expression via the inhibition of the signal transduction and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), but not nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), c-Jun N terminal kinase (JNK), and p38, pathways. C10, but not C4, inhibited activation of the MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. C4 and C10 also suppressed LPS-induced expression of interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1), which is an important transcription factor involved in iNOS expression. Our findings indicate that these chalcone derivatives are candidate compounds for preventing microglia-mediated neuroinflammation.
Outcomes of a 5-Week Aquatic Physical Therapy Program for a Child With Myelomeningocele: A Case Report (2022)

Background and Purpose: Myelomeningocele (MM) is a congenital disorder resulting from insufficient closure of the spinal column, with neural tissue compromise. MM can result in multisystem deficits that may result in functional limitations. Physical therapists may use an aquatic environment as a tool in rehabilitation. The principles of water enable ease of movement and mobility. Aquatic physical therapy (APT) has led to functional improvements in children with neuromuscular disorders. However, evidence of the effect of APT on children with MM is limited. The purpose of this case report was to present the outcomes of a 5-week APT intervention for a child with MM. Case Description: This case was an 8-year-old girl with T8 MM with hypotonia throughout the trunk and limbs and absent motor function and sensation throughout the right lower extremity, impacting her functional mobility. She demonstrated atypical preservation of motor function and sensation throughout the left lower extremity (LLE) with fair strength. APT was implemented twice a week for half-hour sessions over 5 weeks. Outcomes: After 10 APT sessions, improved average gait speed measured using computerized gait analysis was documented. A change of 18.6 seconds was obtained on the Timed Up and Go Test, which far exceeds its minimal detectable change (MDC) of 1.40 seconds. LLE strength gains were obtained as measured by hand-held dynamometry. Strength gains were obtained in the LLE hip and knee extension of more than 6 lb, exceeding the MDC of 1.7 lb. Discussion: A 5-week APT program appeared to contribute to functional and clinical improvements in a child with atypical thoracic-level MM. APT may be considered an appropriate intervention for children with MM. Further research with larger samples of children with MM using similar APT protocols is recommended to explore generalizability of results and optimize frequency and duration of APT implementation.
Biological control of grubs in the turfgrass (2004)

Grubs, which cause serious damage to turfgrass, are the most important soil-inhabiting pests in the turfgrass. The current status in the research of biological control of grubs in the turfgrass was reviewed in the application of entomopathogenic nematodes, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, viruses, parasitoids and predatory insects. Discussion was also made on the future research direction in this field.
Direct Measurement of Thermalization to Rayleigh-Jeans Distribution in Optical Beam Self-Cleaning (2020)

An equilibrium thermodynamic framework that describes highly-multimode optical processes was introduced recently. This theory predicts the outcomes of complex linear and nonlinear multimode interactions based on thermodynamic principles and provides analytic results for the distributions of mode occupancies in optical systems. Here, we present direct experimental measurements of irreversible thermalization of initial distributions of mode occupancies to the predicted equilibrium Rayleigh-Jeans distribution in nonlinear wave propagation in multimode optical fiber. Kerr self-cleaning of femtosecond light pulses is shown to yield the Rayleigh-Jeans distribution, which confirms that the process maximizes entropy. Analytic theory, numerical simulations, and experimental results agree.
[Evaluation of systolic and diastolic left ventricular function in acute myocardial infarction by aortic echogram]. (1990)

A noninvasive method for the measurement of the cardiac output and diastolic ventricular function was evaluated by aortic echogram in a group of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The following parameters were employed: average of initial and late aortic cusp separation (ACS), left ventricular ejection time (EP) and amplitude of aortic posterior wall during ejection (AA). The following formula was used: cardiac output (CO) = (ACS x EP) x 100 + AA x HR. Diastolic ventricular function was evaluated by the left auricle emptying index (LAEI) described by Strunk et al. This last relationship X/OA where X is the movement of the aortic posterior wall (AP) at the first third of passive diastole, and OA is the total aortic movement during the passive diastole. All patients were followed by cardiac output measurements by thermodilution and pulmonary capillary pressure (PCP). Twenty measurements were made in fourteen subjects; for CO a good lineal correlation was found (r = 0.81). As for diastolic ventricular function, LAEI reached a value of 0.49 (+/- 0.23); normal value was 0.82 (p less than 0.01); it was significantly diminished showing the stiffness of the chamber. The utilization of aortic echogram and the analysis of movement of APW result in a non invasive reliable procedure that can be repeated to evaluate the hemodynamic situation in AMI.
A cubic calcium oxynitrido-silicate, Ca2.89Si2N1.76O4.24 (2011)

The title compound, tricalcium oxynitride silicate, with composition Ca(3-x)Si(2)N(2-2x)O(4+2x) (x ≃ 0.12), is a perovskite-related calcium oxynitrido silicate containing isolated oxynitrido silicate 12-rings. The N atoms are statistically disordered with O atoms (occupancy ratio N:O = 0.88:0.12) and occupy the bridging positions in the 12 ring oxynitrido silicate anion, while the remaining O atoms are located at the terminal positions of the Si(O,N)(4) tetrahedra. The majority of the Ca(2+) cations fill the channels along [100] in the packing of the 12-ring anions. The rest of these cations are located at several positions, with partial occupancy, in channels along the body diagonals.
Tribenzo-18-crown-6 acetonitrile disolvate (2001)

Tribenzo-18-crown-6 binds two acetonitrile ligands, i.e. C(24)H(24)O(6) x 2C(2)H(3)N, one to each face of the crown ring. The crown conformation is relatively low in energy, but does not appear optimized for cation binding. Few significant intermolecular interactions are observed.
Maximum likelihood estimation of ocean wave spectra from general arrays of wave gauges (1988)

The paper discusses estimation of directional ocean wave spectra from a spatial array of sensors by means of the Maximum Likelihood (ML) method. An iterative improvement of the ML estimate is proposed and illustrated on synthetic and real data. The wave data was obtained by an acoustic Doppler current meter in the Current Measurement Experiment (CUMEX) carried out by Esso Norge a.s at the Odin platform in the Norwegian Sea.
A rigid background analysis of the acoustic scattering from solid elastic targets (1987)

At previous meetings of the Acoustical Society of America [L. H. Green, D. H. Trivett, and L. Flax, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Suppl. 1 77, S79 (1985)], it was demonstrated that, for the analysis of the elastic excitations in the acoustic scattering from elastic targets, the proper background to subtract is a rigid background. This choice was utilized to analyze the low-frequency scattering from spherical and infinite cylindrical shells over a broad range of frequencies and shell thicknesses. However, in a recent paper on the acoustic scattering from elastic spheroidal solids [M. F. Werby and G. J. Tango, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 79, 1260–1268 (1986)], it is concluded that a rigid background is inappropriate for elastic targets that have either low shear speeds or low densities. A complete reexamination of the scattering from elastic solids is presented to demonstrate that the rigid background is the appropriate choice in this case, too. In the course of this analysis, it is also demonstrated that Werby and Tungo have misinterpreted the nature of the elastic response of the scatterer.
P409 FMT induced increase in gut microbial diversity and Clostridia is associated with clinical response in patients with ulcerative colitis – results from STOP Colitis trial (2022)

Abstract Background Findings from five randomised trials using faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in adults with ulcerative colitis (UC) demonstrate therapeutic potential. The optimum methodology for administration of FMT is unclear. We describe a prospective, three centre, open-label randomised trial (STOP-Colitis pilot) that compared tolerability and efficacy of nasogastric (NG) versus colonic (COLON) routes of administration and identified potentially important host microbial interactions. Methods Adult participants with active UC (partial Mayo score of ≥4 and ≤8) were randomised for administration of, 8 infusions of FMT over an, 8 week period either via the naso-gastric (NG) or colonic (COLON) route. Each patient was matched to a single FMT donor. Clinical response was defined as ≥3 point and ≥30% reduction in full Mayo score at week, 8 compared to baseline. Changes in faecal gut microbial diversity (Shannon’s diversity) and composition before/after FMT were analysed with, 16S rRNA sequencing. Correlation between datasets was evaluated with Kendall’s Tau coefficient. Results Sixteen patients were randomised to NG;, 14 to COLON FMT. Seven participants in the NG and, 2 in the COLON arm withdrew before completion. Clinical response was achieved in, 9/12 [75%] for COLON vs, 2/8 [25%] for NG)., 12/14 (86%) COLON participants were protocol-adherent compared with, 8/16 (50%) for NG. For the COLON patients (N=8) an increase in alpha diversity was observed (P=0.01). For those patients that responded to FMT overall (N=9) there was a significant increase in alpha diversity (P&amp;lt;0.005) and lower faecal calprotectin levels in responders vs. non-responders (week, 4 to week, 8 mean, 508.6 ug/g vs, 853.6 ug/g respectively; P=0.03). Overall, there was a negative association between calprotectin levels and alpha diversity (tau =-0.29; P &amp;lt;, 0.005). Operational taxonomic units belonging to Clostridia deriving from the Christensenellaceae and Lachnospiracae families correlated with both reduced calprotectin and had high engraftment frequency (both false discovery rate corrected P&amp;lt;0.10). In a cohort of patients with mucosal immune cell analysis Clostridia positively correlated with gut homing Treg populations and negatively correlated with Th17 cells populations (P&amp;lt;0.005), suggesting that this group may play an important role in the immune response to FMT in UC. Conclusion This pilot study suggests that in participants with active UC, FMT delivered via the colonic route appears to be better tolerated than via NG with a greater efficacy signal. There are signals linking gut microbial diversity and taxa belonging to Clostridia (short chain fatty acid producers) with clinical response, calprotectin and a shift towards an immunoregulatory phenotype.
Distributed object middleware to support dependable information sharing between organisations (2003)

Organisations increasingly use the Internet to offer their own services and to utilise the services of others. This naturally leads to information sharing across organisational boundaries. However, despite the requirement to share information, the autonomy and privacy requirements of organisations must not be compromised. This demands the strict policing of inter-organisational interactions. Thus there is a requirement for dependable mechanisms for information sharing between organisations that do not necessarily trust each other. The paper describes the design of a novel distributed object middleware that guarantees both safety and liveness in this context. The safety property ensures that local policies are not compromised despite failures and/or misbehaviour by other parties. The liveness property ensures that, if no party misbehaves, agreed interactions will take place despite a bounded number of temporary network and computer related failures. The paper describes a prototype implementation with example applications.
Characteristics of thermally assisted magnetic recording (2001)

Extensive thermally assisted recording measurements were performed on isotropic longitudinal media. The dynamic coercivity decrease provided by thermal assistance was quantified by spin stand measurements. Thermally assisted recording performance was found to equal the performance of conventional (nonthermally assisted) recording at significantly reduced values of write current. This reduction in write current is consistent with the coercivity decrease that occurs during the thermally assisted writing process.
Jean-Claude Dreyfus, un interne juif pendant la Guerre (2009)

Les plus anciens des lecteurs
Steric Effects in the Baeyer−Villiger Oxidation of Ketones Catalyzed by Platinum(II) Lewis Acid Complexes with Coordinated Electron-Donor Alkyl Diphosphines (2007)

The synthesis and characterization of new hydroxo-bridged platinum(II) complexes of the type [Pt(μ-OH)(P−P)]2[BF4]2 (1a−d), where P−P = R2PCH2CH2PR2 (R = Me, dmpe, 1a; Et, depe, 1b; i-Pr, dippe, 1c; Cy, dcype, 1d), and [Pt(P−P)(H2O)2][BF4]2) (where R= t-Bu, dtbpe, 1e) are reported. These complexes were tested in the Baeyer−Villiger oxidation of 2-methylcyclohexanone, 2-methylcyclopentanone, and cyclobutanone with 35% hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. The reactions were performed at 20 and 70 °C in a chlorinated solvent/H2O two-phase system. Within the above-reported series of complexes, 1e gave the highest catalytic activity and productivity in the oxidation of cyclic ketones. The Lewis acidity of 1a−e was investigated through the determination of the wavenumber shift Δν̄ = ν̄(C⋮N)coord − ν̄(C⋮N)free of the isocyanide moiety in complexes of the type [PtCl(CN-2,6-(Me)2C6H3)(P−P)][BF4] (P−P = 2a−e). The values of Δν̄ showed that compounds 2a−e have comparable Lewis acidity, thus indicating that the difference in the catalytic activity observed for 1a−e must be largely ascribed to steric requirements imparted by the alkyl diphosphine ligand.
A Deep Reinforcement Learning Method for Mobile Robot Collision Avoidance based on Double DQN (2019)

We propose a deep reinforcement learning method based on Double Q-learning Network(DDQN) to enable mobile robots to learn collision avoidance and navigation capabilities autonomously. Information such as target position, obstacle size and position is taken as input, and the direction of movement of the robot is taken as an output. Traditional mobile robots usually requires real-time accurate and fast Simultaneous Localization And Mapping(SLAM) technology for global navigation. We aim at the scenario that after an initial globally feasible path is established, the path could be split into finite segments of sub-goals, and the proposed method focuses on using deep reinforcement learning to control the robots reaching the subgoals in sequence. Experiments show that the proposed method can navigate the mobile robots to desired target position without colliding with any obstacle and other moving robots, and the method is successfully implied on a physical robot platform. In addition, the method is a non-global path planning method, which greatly reduces the computational cost.
Performance Analysis and Testing of a Conventional Three-Piece Freight Car Truck Retrofitted to Provide Axle Steering (1982)

The paper reviews the performance analysis and test work carried out on a conventional three-piece freight car truck retrofitted with elastomeric elements and cast steel steering arms in order to provide axle steering on curves and improved dynamic stability at higher speeds. A general approach on truck design is presented concerning linear truck dynamic stability and linear/nonlinear steady-state curve negotiation. Results of comparative performance tests are given, including the measurement of interaxle stiffnesses and the measurement of forces and angles of attack in curves, for both the conventional and the modified trucks. Comments are given on the economic impact that the retrofitted steering truck is expected to have on railway operations.
A New In Vivo Model for the Study of Fetal Wound Healing (1997)

We have developed a new in vivo model for the study of fetal wound healing. Fetal ICR mice (total gestation, 21 days) received a full-thickness incisional wound in the hind limb at gestational day 14 (N = 100). The wound was made with a 28.5-gauge needle that was passed transplacentally into the amniotic cavity. The wounds were analyzed histologically on postoperative days 0, 1, 3, and 5 by hematoxylin-eosin and Mallory's trichrome stains. Once the wounding technique was mastered, the overall mortality rate for this model was 20% by postwounding day 5. Each fetus healed their wound without scar by postwounding day 3. In 3 animals, 5 microliters of human transforming growth factor beta 1 (25 micrograms per microliter) was injected into the wound site, resulting in scar and an inflammatory cell infiltrate, indicating that the 14-day-gestation fetal mouse can be manipulated if necessary. This model offers the advantages of an in vivo system that can be studied at an early gestational age. Furthermore, it is inexpensive, easy to manipulate, and can be studied with commercially available murine probes.
Cytotoxic Activity and Inhibition of Tumor Cell Invasion by Derivatives of a Chemically Modified Tetracycline CMT-3 (COL-3) (2001)

Tetracyclines such as chlortetracycline and doxycycline with antimicrobial activity were reported to possess cytostatic and cytotoxic activity against mammalian tumor cells, often at high doses. Non-antimicrobial chemically modified tetracyclines (CMTs), with limited systemic toxicity but with significant tumor cell toxicity and antimetastatic activity, are attractive for long term treatment for cancer. We recently reported one such CMT, 6-deoxy,6-demethyl 4-dedimethylamino tetracycline (CMT-3) is a potent anti-tumor and anti-metastatic drug. Here we report on the anti-cell proliferation and anti-invasive activity of five nitro derivatives of CMT-3 (CMT-3N). All the five CMT-3Ns (CMT-302, CMT-303, CMT-306, CMT-308 and CMT-316) inhibited in vitro cell proliferation of prostate cancer cells. The 50% growth inhibition concentration (IC(50)) of CMT-3Ns was similar to that of CMT-3. Although CMT-3 was by far the most potent anti-cell proliferation drug, all CMT-3Ns except CMT-303 and CMT-308 had similar anti-cell proliferation activity (IC(50): 2.5 -5.7 microg/ml). IC(50)s for CMT-303 and CMT-308 were approximately 8.1 and -12.4 microg/ml, respectively. Activity against tumor cell invasion was tested in vitro using the Matrigel invasion assay. All CMT-3Ns had similar anti- invasive activity. While cytotoxic activity of CMT-3 was strongly associated with cell death-effector caspase activation, mitochondrial permeablization and apoptosis, the CMT-3Ns weakly induced apoptosis and did not activate Caspase-3. However, the CMT-3Ns were able to induce mitochondrial permeabilization. This dichotomous mechanism of cytotoxic activity of CMTs may have significance in their selection for clinical application.
Design and Development of the ESA Am-Fueled Radioisotope Power Systems (2019)

Radioisotope heater units (RHU) and radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTG) are currently being developed for the ESA radioisotope power system program. The state-of-the-art for the USA and Russian systems is to use plutonium-238 as the radioisotope fuel; however, for the ESA applications americium-241 has been selected due to its availability and relatively cost-effective production in the European context. The proposed designs implement a multi-layer containment approach for safety reasons, with a platinum-rhodium alloy for the inner containment of the fuel and carbon-based materials for the outer layers. The Am-fueled RHU provides 3 W of thermal power, and makes this design competitive with existing models in relation to specific power. The heat source for the RTG has a 6-side polygonal shape, with a distributed 3-fuel pellet architecture: this configuration allows to maximize the specific power of the RTG, since Am-based fuels have a lower power density than Pu-based fuels. The heat supplied by the fuel is 200 W, with an expected electrical power output of 10 W provided by six Bi-Te thermoelectric modules. Finite element structural and thermal analyses have been performed to assess the theoretical feasibility of the components as initially conceived. Mechanical and electrically-heated prototypes for the systems have already been tested in a representative lab environment at the University of Leicester; these tests have provided initial estimates for the efficiency of the systems. Both the RHU and RTG architectures are currently undergoing a new design iteration process. This paper reports on the overall architecture and design of the Am-fueled RTG and RHU, the modelling results and the experimental data obtained so far.
Ciliary neurotrophic factor genotype does not influence clinical phenotype in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2003)

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) maintains survival of adult motor neurons. Mice lacking the CNTF gene develop mild, progressive motor neuron loss. In the normal human population, 1 to 2.3% are homozygous for a null allele, and reports suggest this mutant is associated with a younger onset of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We have tested this hypothesis in a study of 400 subjects with ALS and 236 controls. There was no difference in age of onset, clinical presentation, rate of progression, or disease duration for those with one or two copies of the null allele, excluding CNTF as a major disease modifier in ALS.
Photonic Topological Insulator-Solitons (2013)

We present photonic topological insulator-solitons: self-trapped wavepackets that form a self-localized edge states residing in the bulk of a photonic topological insulator (helical waveguide honeycomb lattice), while continuously rotating with a given directionality.