gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A soluble truncated tau species related to cognitive dysfunction is elevated in the brain of cognitively impaired human individuals (2020)

Neurofibrillary tangles are a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, and their levels correlate with the severity of cognitive dysfunction in humans. However, experimental evidence suggests that soluble tau species cause cognitive deficits and memory impairment. Our recent study suggests that caspase-2 (Casp2)-catalyzed tau cleavage at aspartate 314 mediates synaptic dysfunction and memory impairment in mouse and cellular models of neurodegenerative disorders. Δtau314, the C-terminally-truncated cleavage products, are soluble and present in human brain. In addition, levels of Δtau314 proteins are elevated in the brain of the cognitively impaired individuals compared to the cognitively normal individuals, indicating a possible role for Δtau314 proteins in cognitive deterioration. Here we show that (1) Δtau314 proteins are present in the inferior temporal gyrus of human brains; (2) Δtau314 proteins are generated from all six tau splicing isoforms, (3) levels of both Casp2 and Δtau314 proteins are elevated in cognitively impaired individuals compared to cognitively normal individuals, and (4) levels of Δtau314 proteins show a modest predictive value for dementia. These findings advance our understanding of the characteristics of Δtau314 proteins and their relevance to cognitive dysfunction and shed light on the contribution of Casp2-mediated Δtau314 production to cognitive deterioration.
Highly Efficient Spin–Orbit Torque and Switching of Layered Ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2 (2019)

Among van der Waals (vdW) layered ferromagnets, Fe<sub>3</sub>GeTe<sub>2</sub> (FGT) is an excellent candidate material to form FGT/heavy metal heterostructures for studying the effect of spin-orbit torques (SOT). Its metallicity, strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy built in the single atomic layers, relatively high Curie temperature (<i>T</i><sub>c</sub> ∼ 225 K), and electrostatic gate tunability offer a tantalizing possibility of achieving the ultimate high SOT limit in monolayer all-vdW nanodevices. In this study, we fabricate heterostructures of FGT/Pt with 5 nm of Pt sputtered onto the atomically flat surface of ∼15-23 nm exfoliated FGT flakes. The spin current generated in Pt exerts a damping-like SOT on FGT magnetization. At ∼2.5 × 10<sup>11</sup> A/m<sup>2</sup> current density, SOT causes the FGT magnetization to switch, which is detected by the anomalous Hall effect of FGT. To quantify the SOT effect, we measure the second harmonic Hall responses as the applied magnetic field rotates the FGT magnetization in the plane. Our analysis shows that the SOT efficiency is comparable with that of the best heterostructures containing three-dimensional (3D) ferromagnetic metals and much larger than that of heterostructures containing 3D ferrimagnetic insulators. Such large efficiency is attributed to the atomically flat FGT/Pt interface, which demonstrates the great potential of exploiting vdW heterostructures for highly efficient spintronic nanodevices.
Extraction of seed oils with liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExtraction of seed oils with liquid and supercritical carbon dioxideEgon Stahl, Erwin Schuetz, and Helmut K. MangoldCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1980, 28, 6, 1153–1157Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60232a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60232a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1093Altmetric-Citations177LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Factors influencing inconsistent leg length discrepancy in dysplastic hip osteoarthritis: a retrospective study (2022)

The pelvic oblique angle and a long R-LLD were independent risk factors of inconsistent LLD in patients with dysplastic hip osteoarthritis. Therefore, hip surgeons should consider P-LLD rather than R-LLD to understand the need for conservative intervention.
Transcriptional activation of the miR-17-92 cluster is involved in the growth-promoting effects of MYB in human Ph-positive leukemia cells (2018)

MicroRNAs, non-coding regulators of gene expression, are likely to function as important downstream effectors of many transcription factors including MYB. Optimal levels of MYB are required for transformation/maintenance of <i>BCR-ABL</i>-expressing cells. We investigated whether MYB silencing modulates microRNA expression in Philadelphia-positive (Ph<sup>+</sup>) leukemia cells and if MYB-regulated microRNAs are important for the "MYB addiction" of these cells. Thirty-five microRNAs were modulated by MYB silencing in lymphoid and erythromyeloid chronic myeloid leukemia-blast crisis BV173 and K562 cells; 15 of these were concordantly modulated in both lines. We focused on the miR-17-92 cluster because of its oncogenic role in tumors and found that: i) it is a direct MYB target; ii) it partially rescued the impaired proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of MYB-silenced BV173 cells. Moreover, we identified FRZB, a Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor, as a novel target of the miR-17-92 cluster. High expression of MYB in blast cells from 2 Ph<sup>+</sup>leukemia patients correlated positively with the miR-17-92 cluster and inversely with FRZB. This expression pattern was also observed in a microarray dataset of 122 Ph<sup>+</sup>acute lymphoblastic leukemias. <i>In vivo</i> experiments in NOD scid gamma mice injected with BV173 cells confirmed that FRZB functions as a Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor even as they failed to demonstrate that this pathway is important for BV173-dependent leukemogenesis. These studies illustrate the global effects of MYB expression on the microRNAs profile of Ph<sup>+</sup>cells and supports the concept that the "MYB addiction" of these cells is, in part, caused by modulation of microRNA-regulated pathways affecting cell proliferation and survival.
RHEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISATION OF GELS1 (1995)

ABSTRACT Recent experimental and theoretical developments in the rheological characterisation of gels are introduced. The basic features of chemical, where crosslinking is covalent, and physical gels, which contain noncovalent crosslinks are outlined, and the kinetics of the gel formation briefly explained. Small deformation methods for characterising gels particularly oscillatory rheometry are considered and the potential of advances in signal processing in particular the use of multi‐wave and Fourier Transform approaches to determine information on the frequency response discussed. The concept of the gel point is discussed and the Winter‐Chambon criterion for defining this from experimental measurements of the frequency dependence of the storage and loss moduli is explained.
An Approach of Traffic Accident Scene Reconstruction Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Photogrammetry (2019)

Accurate and detailed information of traffic accident scene is important for accident investigation, and the current investigation methods (tape measuring and total station survey) always need highway closure, and their working process is time-consuming. From different angles or at different altitudes, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) can monitor accident site without interrupting the traffic flow, therefore, UAV is introduced for accident scene reconstruction. Firstly, the method framework of accident scene reconstruction was proposed, in which UAV was used to take pictures of accident site, and imaging system was adopted to reconstruct the 2D and 3D accident scene. Then, 3D reconstruction, point cloud generation, and model optimization were presented. Next, a UAV flight experiment was conducted for traffic accident scene reconstruction, and two evaluation indexes, signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity, were introduced to assess the image quality of accident scene reconstruction. The case study demonstrates that compared with current methods, the proposed method is efficient; moreover, the effect of accident scene reconstruction is satisfactory.
Challenges and Opportunities for the Application of Boron Clusters in Drug Design (2016)

There are two branches in boron medicinal chemistry: the first focuses on single boron atom compounds, and the second utilizes boron clusters. Boron clusters and their heteroatom counterparts belong to the family of cage compounds. A subset of this extensive class of compounds includes dicarbadodecaboranes, which have the general formula C2B10H12, and their metal biscarboranyl complexes, metallacarboranes, with the formula [M(C2B10H12)2(-2)]. The unique properties of boron clusters have resulted in their utilization in applications such as in pharmacophores, as scaffolds in molecular construction, and as modulators of bioactive compounds. This Perspective presents an overview of the properties of boron clusters that are pertinent for drug discovery, recent applications in the design of various classes of drugs, and the potential use of boron clusters in the construction of new pharmaceuticals.
Evaluation of ion mobility spectroscopy for determining charge-solvated versus salt-bridge structures of protonated trimers (2005)

The cross sections of five different protonated trimers consisting of two base molecules and trifluoroacetic acid were measured by using ion mobility spectrometry. The gas-phase basicities of these five base molecules span an 8-kcal/mol range. These cross sections are compared with those determined from candidate low-energy salt-bridge and charge-solvated structures identified by using molecular mechanics calculations using three different force fields: AMBER*, MMFF, and CHARMm. With AMBER*, the charge-solvated structures are all globular and the salt-bridge structures are all linear, whereas with CHARMm, these two forms of the protonated trimers can adopt either shape. Globular structures have smaller cross sections than linear structures. Conclusions about the structure of these protonated trimers are highly dependent on the force field used to generate low-energy candidate structures. With AMBER*, all of the trimers are consistent with salt-bridge structures, whereas with MMFF the measured cross sections are more consistent with charge-solvated structures, although the assignments are ambiguous for two of the protonated trimers. Conclusions based on structures generated by using CHARMm suggest a change in structure from charge-solvated to salt-bridge structures with increasing gas-phase basicity of the constituent bases, a result that is most consistent with structural conclusions based on blackbody infrared radiative dissociation experiments for these protonated trimers and theoretical calculations on the uncharged base-acid pairs.
Mature neutrophils and a NF-κB-to-IFN transition determine the unifying disease recovery dynamics in COVID-19 (2022)

Disease recovery dynamics are often difficult to assess, as patients display heterogeneous recovery courses. To model recovery dynamics, exemplified by severe COVID-19, we apply a computational scheme on longitudinally sampled blood transcriptomes, generating recovery states, which we then link to cellular and molecular mechanisms, presenting a framework for studying the kinetics of recovery compared with non-recovery over time and long-term effects of the disease. Specifically, a decrease in mature neutrophils is the strongest cellular effect during recovery, with direct implications on disease outcome. Furthermore, we present strong indications for global regulatory changes in gene programs, decoupled from cell compositional changes, including an early rise in T cell activation and differentiation, resulting in immune rebalancing between interferon and NF-κB activity and restoration of cell homeostasis. Overall, we present a clinically relevant computational framework for modeling disease recovery, paving the way for future studies of the recovery dynamics in other diseases and tissues.
Dissolvable Polyacrylamide Beads for High‐Throughput Droplet DNA Barcoding (2020)

Droplet-based single cell sequencing technologies, such as inDrop, Drop-seq, and 10X Genomics, are catalyzing a revolution in the understanding of biology. Barcoding beads are key components for these technologies. What is limiting today are barcoding beads that are easy to fabricate, can efficiently deliver primers into drops, and thus achieve high detection efficiency. Here, this work reports an approach to fabricate dissolvable polyacrylamide beads, by crosslinking acrylamide with disulfide bridges that can be cleaved with dithiothreitol. The beads can be rapidly dissolved in drops and release DNA barcode primers. The dissolvable beads are easy to synthesize, and the primer cost for the beads is significantly lower than that for the previous barcoding beads. Furthermore, the dissolvable beads can be loaded into drops with >95% loading efficiency of a single bead per drop and the dissolution of beads does not influence reverse transcription or the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in drops. Based on this approach, the dissolvable beads are used for single cell RNA and protein analysis.
Complement-Independent Modulation of Influenza A Virus Infection by Factor H (2020)

The complement system is an ancient innate immune defense mechanism that can recognize molecular patterns on the invading pathogens. Factor H, as an inhibitor of the alternative pathway, down-regulates complement activation on the host cell surface. Locally synthesized factor H at the site of infection/injury, including lungs, can act as a pattern recognition molecule without involving complement activation. Here, we report that factor H, a sialic acid binder, interacts with influenza A virus (IAV) and modulates IAV entry, as evident from down-regulation of matrix protein 1 (M1) in H1N1 subtype-infected cells and up-regulation of M1 expression in H3N2-infected A549 cells. Far-western blot revealed that factor H binds hemagglutinin (HA, ~70 kDa), neuraminidase (NA, ~60 kDa), and M1 (~25 kDa). IAV-induced transcriptional levels of IFN-α, TNF-α, IL-12, IL-6, IFN-α, and RANTES were reduced following factor H treatment for the H1N1 subtype at 6 h post-infection. However, for the H3N2 subtype, mRNA levels of these pro-inflammatory cytokines were enhanced. A recombinant form of vaccinia virus complement control protein (VCP), which like factor H, contains CCP modules and has complement-regulatory activity, mirrored the results obtained with factor H. Both factor H (25%), and VCP (45%) were found to reduce luciferase reporter activity in MDCK cells transduced with H1N1 pseudotyped lentiviral particles. Factor H (50%) and VCP (30%) enhanced the luciferase reporter activity for H3N2, suggesting an entry inhibitory role of factor H and VCP against H1N1, but not H3N2. Thus, factor H can modulate IAV infection and inflammatory responses, independent of its complement-related functions.
Table S3 from A Circle RNA Regulatory Axis Promotes Lung Squamous Metastasis via CDR1-Mediated Regulation of Golgi Trafficking (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Expression of miRs in SK-MES-1 and LN1 measured by Nanostring with normalized counts greater than 5 in at least one of the two compared samples.&lt;/p&gt;
Platelet-activating factor increases lung vascular permeability to protein (1986)

We studied the effects of platelet-activating factor (PAF) on pulmonary hemodynamics and microvascular permeability in unanesthetized sheep prepared with lung-lymph fistulas. Since cyclooxygenase metabolites have been implicated in mediating these responses, we also examined the role of the cyclooxygenase pathway. PAF infusion (4 micrograms X kg-1 X h-1 for 3 h) produced a rapid, transient rise in pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), plasma thromboxane B2 concentration (TxB2), and pulmonary lymph flow (Qlym). The lymph-to-plasma protein concentration ratio (L/P) did not change from base line. Pretreatment with the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, sodium meclofenamate, prevented the generation of TxB2 and the hemodynamic changes but did not prevent the increase in Qlym. The estimated protein reflection coefficient decreased from a control value of 0.66 +/- 0.04 to 0.43 +/- 0.06 after PAF infusion. We also studied the effects of PAF on endothelial permeability in vitro by measuring the flux of 125I-albumin across cultured bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (EC) grown to confluency on a gelatinized micropore filter and mounted within a modified Boyden chemotaxis chamber. PAF (10(-8) to 10(-4) M) had no direct effect on EC albumin permeability, suggesting that the increase in permeability in sheep was not the direct lytic effect of PAF. In conclusion, PAF produces pulmonary vasoconstriction mediated by cyclooxygenase metabolites. PAF also increases pulmonary vascular permeability to protein that is independent of cyclooxygenase products and is not the result of a direct effect of PAF on the endothelium.
Diversity of Ion Channels in Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients (2008)

Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) represent a potentially valuable cell type for clinical therapeutic applications. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of long-term culturing (up to 10(th) passages) of hBM-MSCs from eight individual amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, focusing on functional ion channels. All hBM-MSCs contain several MSCs markers with no significant differences, whereas the distribution of functional ion channels was shown to be different between cells. Four types of K(+) currents, including noise-like Ca(+2)-activated K(+) current (IK(Ca)), a transient outward K(+) current (I(to)), a delayed rectifier K(+) current (IK(DR)), and an inward-rectifier K(+) current (K(ir)) were heterogeneously present in these cells, and a TTX-sensitive Na(+) current (I(Na,TTX)) was also recorded. In the RT-PCR analysis, Kv1.1, heag1, Kv4.2, Kir2.1, MaxiK, and hNE-Na were detected. In particular, I(Na,TTX) showed a significant passage-dependent increase. This is the first report showing that functional ion channel profiling depend on the cellular passage of hBM-MSCs.
Vitamin D supplementation: position Statement of the Iberoamerican Society of Osteoporosis and Mineral Metabolism (SIBOMM) (2020)

The importance of VD has been widely documented and its deficiency is a pandemic. Many individuals have difficulty meeting daily VD requirements through food and the sun. The population of Latin America and the Caribbean has diverse ethnics, cultures, in addition to living in different latitudes and altitudes. Therefore, it is important to make a position on VD supplementation, given the different characteristics, ages and serum levels of 25(OH)D.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Accelerated Bone Remodeling (2023)

A regional acceleration of bone remodeling may possibly follow biomechanical insults to the bone. This review assesses the literature and clinical arguments supporting the hypothetical association between accelerated bone remodeling and bone marrow edema (BME)-like signal intensity on magnetic resonance imaging. BME-like signal is defined as a confluent ill-delimited area of bone marrow with a moderate decrease in signal intensity on fat-sensitive sequences and a high signal intensity on fat-suppressed fluid-sensitive sequences. In addition to this confluent pattern, a linear subcortical pattern and a patchy disseminated pattern have also been recognized on fat-suppressed fluid-sensitive sequences. These particular BME-like patterns may remain occult on T1-weighted spin-echo images. We hypothesize that these BME-like patterns, with particular characteristics in terms of distribution and signal, are associated with accelerated bone remodeling. Limitations in recognizing these BME-like patterns are also discussed.
Event-Driven 2D Detector for Digital Electron Imaging (1997)

Abstract An event-driven 2D pixel array detector designed for protein crystallography is being tested to determine its suitability as a direct electron detector for digital imaging in electron microscopy. The detector prototype consists of an 8×8 pixel array with an 150 μm pitch. The device configuration is illustrated in Fig. 1. The detector module consists of a reverse-biased 300 μm thick monolithic silicon diode array which is bump-bonded to an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) which instruments each diode in the array. Each pixel cell of the ASIC forms a pixel processor which consists of an amplifier, discriminator, prescalar and readout circuit. When an incident electron enters the detector, a group of electron-hole pairs is created in the silicon. The detector bias of the diode array is such that holes are collected at the input to the amplifier where the signal is then amplified and shaped. When the output signal pulse height is greater than the discriminator threshold, the event is then registered in the prescalar, causing one count to be accumulated.
Synthesis and Crystal Structures of Azolo[b]1,3,4-Thiadiazinium Bromides (2014)

Three azolo[b]1,3,4-thiadiazinium bromides were prepared from the respective N-amino-N'-methylazolethiones and phenacyl bromide, and their crystal structures were determined. 6-Phenyl-1-methylimidazo[2,1-b]1,3,4-thiadiazinium bromide (1) crystallized as methanol solvate (P21/n), 6-phenyl-1-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]1,3,4-thiadiazinium bromide (2) as hemi-ethanol solvate (P21/n), and 6-phenyl-1-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo[3,2-b]1,3,4-thiadiazinium bromide (3) solvent-free (P21/c). Interionic contacts were identified.