gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiple Roles for Enterococcus faecalis Glycosyltransferases in Biofilm-Associated Antibiotic Resistance, Cell Envelope Integrity, and Conjugative Transfer (2015)

The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and the limited availability of new antibiotics are of increasing clinical concern. A compounding factor is the ability of microorganisms to form biofilms (communities of cells encased in a protective extracellular matrix) that are intrinsically resistant to antibiotics. Enterococcus faecalis is an opportunistic pathogen that readily forms biofilms and also has the propensity to acquire resistance determinants via horizontal gene transfer. There is intense interest in the genetic basis for intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance in E. faecalis, since clinical isolates exhibiting resistance to multiple antibiotics are not uncommon. We performed a genetic screen using a library of transposon (Tn) mutants to identify E. faecalis biofilm-associated antibiotic resistance determinants. Five Tn mutants formed wild-type biofilms in the absence of antibiotics but produced decreased biofilm biomass in the presence of antibiotic concentrations that were subinhibitory to the parent strain. Genetic determinants responsible for biofilm-associated antibiotic resistance include components of the quorum-sensing system (fsrA, fsrC, and gelE) and two glycosyltransferase (GTF) genes (epaI and epaOX). We also found that the GTFs play additional roles in E. faecalis resistance to detergent and bile salts, maintenance of cell envelope integrity, determination of cell shape, polysaccharide composition, and conjugative transfer of the pheromone-inducible plasmid pCF10. The epaOX gene is located in a variable extended region of the enterococcal polysaccharide antigen (epa) locus. These data illustrate the importance of GTFs in E. faecalis adaptation to diverse growth conditions and suggest new targets for antimicrobial design.
On Learning Parametric Distributions from Quantized Samples (2021)

We consider the problem of learning parametric distributions from their quantized samples in a network. Specifically, <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$n$</tex> agents or sensors observe independent samples of an unknown parametric distribution; and each of them uses <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$k$</tex> bits to describe its observed sample to a central processor whose goal is to estimate the unknown distribution. First, we establish a generalization of the well-known van Trees inequality to general <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$L_{p}$</tex> -norms, with <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$p &gt; 1$</tex> , in terms of Generalized Fisher information. Then, we develop minimax lower bounds on the estimation error for two losses: general <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$L_{p}$</tex> -norms and the related Wasserstein loss from optimal transport.
Modeling Evolution and Ballistic Verification Testing of Three Composite Structural Concepts (2006)

*† ‡ This paper presents the modeling evolution of both the implicit and explicit analysis, ballistic testing, and experimental comparison for three distinct structural concepts for aircraft composite structure: conventional honeycomb sandwich structure, conventional skin stringer structure, and a large cell graphite honeycomb sandwich structure. The authors have exploited the capabilities of the analytical hydrocode, LS-DYNA®, to provide a robust tool set for advanced ballistic analysis. This paper will present the development and evolution of modeling techniques and material parameters in addition to comparisons between simulation results and experimental data in terms of strain survey results, deformation, and post-damage inspection, as well as high speed photography. The objective of the work presented is to provide the capability to more accurately predict the response of airframe structure to a high explosive projectile impact event.
Age-dependent variation in metalloproteinase activity of isolated human Bruch's membrane and choroid. (1999)

A matrix-degrading mechanism essential for extracellular remodeling was shown to be present in Bruch's membrane. In macular regions, increasing levels of inactive forms of metalloproteinase and scarcity of active forms of MMP-2 suggests possible involvement of impaired extracellular degradation in both aging and macular degeneration.
ChemInform Abstract: PERISELECTIVE CYCLOADDITION OF TRICARBONYLIRON COMPLEXES OF 7‐MEMBERED RING UNSATURATED COMPOUNDS WITH DICHLOROCARBENE. MASKING EFFECT OF TRICARBONYLIRON GROUP AND REACTIVITY OF CYCLOADDUCTS (1983)

Abstract Die Reaktion des Azepin‐Fe(CO)3‐Kom‐ plexes (Ia) mit einem Überschuß von Dichlorcarben, das aus CHCI; in einer wäßrigen NaOH/Benzol‐Mischung mit Triethylbenzylammoniumchlorid als Katalysator erzeugt wurde, führt zu (IIa), wobei Periselektivität für die C(2)‐C(3)‐Stellung beobachtet wird.
Surgical management of cholesteatoma in an only hearing ear (1990)

The patient with a cholesteatoma in an only hearing ear presents a management dilemma: how best to treat the patient to minimize the chances of developing a severe hearing loss in that ear. Twelve patients managed surgically for cholesteatoma in their only hearing ear are reviewed. The location and extent of the cholesteatoma, the type of operation performed, and postoperative hearing results are presented. Eleven of the 12 patients maintained their bone‐conducted speech reception threshold to within 5 dB of the preoperative level during follow‐up periods of 2 months to 4 years. Recommendations are made regarding preoperative evaluation, perioperative use of antibiotics and steroids, operative planning, ossicular reconstruction, and postoperative care. Special attention is given to the evaluation and management of the ear that has a fistula eroding into the cochlea and semicircular canals, both when suspected from preoperative imaging studies and when discovered intraoperatively.
Spray automated balancing of rotors - How process parameters influence performance (1989)

This paper addresses the application of spray-automated balancing of rotors, and the influence that various operating parameters will have on balancing performance. Spray-automated balancing uses the fuel-air repetitive explosion process to imbed short, discrete bursts of high velocity, high temperature powder into a rotating part at an angle selected to reduce unbalance of the part. The shortness of the burst, the delay in firing of the gun, the speed of the disk and the variability in speed all influence the accuracy and effectiveness of the automated balancing process. The paper evaluates this influence by developing an analytical framework and supplementing the analysis with empirical data obtained while firing the gun at a rotating disk. Encouraging results are obtained, and it is shown that the process should perform satisfactorily over a wide range of operating parameters. Further experimental results demonstrate the ability of the method to reduce vibration levels induced by mass unbalance in a rotating disk.
Arthroscopic Fixation of Knee Femoral Condyle Osteochondritis Dissecans Fragment With Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate (2021)

This article reviews a technique for arthroscopic fixation of an osteochondritis dissecans fragment with bone marrow aspirate concentrate augmentation. This technique involves safe harvest of bone marrow arthroscopically from the intercondylar notch, proper preparation and debridement of the parent bone, reduction of the progeny osteochondritis dissecans fragment, insertion of the bone marrow aspirate concentrate, and placement of multiple headless compression screws for fixation.
A Low-Power High-Dynamic-Range Receiver System for In-Probe 3-D Ultrasonic Imaging (2017)

In this paper, a dual-mode low-power, high dynamic-range receiver circuit is designed for the interface with a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer. The proposed ultrasound receiver chip enables the development of an in-probe digital beamforming imaging system. The flexibility of having two operation modes offers a high dynamic range with minimum power sacrifice. A prototype of the chip containing one receive channel, with one variable transimpedance amplifier (TIA) and one analog to digital converter (ADC) circuit is implemented. Combining variable gain TIA functionality with ADC gain settings achieves an enhanced overall high dynamic range, while low power dissipation is maintained. The chip is designed and fabricated in a 65 nm standard CMOS process technology. The test chip occupies an area of 76[Formula: see text] 170 [Formula: see text]. A total average power range of 60-240 [Formula: see text] for a sampling frequency of 30 MHz, and a center frequency of 5 MHz is measured. An instantaneous dynamic range of 50.5 dB with an overall dynamic range of 72 dB is obtained from the receiver circuit.
Cyanide-Bridged Lanthanide−Transition Metal One-Dimensional Arrays {(DMF)10Yb2[Ni(CN)4]3}∞ and {(DMF)10Yb2[Pt(CN)4]3}∞ (1996)

The one-dimensional arrays {(DMF)10Yb2[Ni(CN)4]3}∞ (1) and {(DMF)10Yb2[Pt(CN)4]3}∞ (2) were prepared from the metathesis reactions of YbCl3 and K2Ni(CN)4 or K2Pt(CN)4 in DMF (DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide). Unlike other one-dimensional structures adopted by complexes of M(CN)42- anions, two unusual array structures were obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,5‐Induction in Reactions Between 4‐Aminoallylstannanes and Aldehydes Promoted by Lewis Acids. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Effect of Pregnancy on the Plasma Protein Binding of Lidocaine (1995)

In Response: We appreciate Dr. Lin's interest in our article [1]. In response to Dr. Lin's query regarding the use of lidocaine in the study, it was felt that to study a local anesthetic with intermediate protein binding (60%-70%) would be more likely to result in appreciable alterations in binding than a more tightly bound drug such as bupivacaine (95%). The validity of the statement will indeed be tested, as we plan now to perform a similar study with bupivacaine as Dr. Lin also suggested. The 2-micro gram/mL concentration of lidocaine was chosen to reflect what is expected after successful clinical use of lidocaine for epidural anesthesia. The use of a "therapeutic" concentration eliminates the need to consider other variables such as serum pH. Changes in serum pH alter protein binding and are associated with local anesthetic toxicity [2]. Having determined changes in bupivacaine serum protein binding during pregnancy at "therapeutic" concentrations, we may indeed proceed to introduce additional factors, such as increasing concentration and reduced pH, to further investigate potential associations with toxicity and pharmacokinetics previously described in sheep [3,4]. A. M. Bader, MD G. R. Arthur, PhD S. Datta, MD Department of Anesthesia, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
Metal-Catalyzed Di-tert-butylsilylene Transfer:  Synthesis and Reactivity of Silacyclopropanes (2004)

Metal-catalyzed di-tert-butylsilylene transfer was developed as a mild, operationally simple, functional-group-tolerant method for silacyclopropane formation. Di-tert-butylsilylene was transferred from cyclohexene silacyclopropane 1 to an alkene through the use of a metal salt. Silacyclopropanation occurred at temperatures as low as -27 degrees C when AgOTf or AgOC(O)CF(3) were used as catalysts. Complex silacyclopropanes were formed stereospecifically and diastereoselectively from functionalized alkenes. Silacyclopropanes reacted with various carbonyl compounds, including aldehydes, ketones, formate esters, and formamides, in an overall process that efficiently converts alkenes into oxasilacyclopentanes with defined stereochemistry.
Experimental Studies and Verification of a Differential Target Antenna Coupling Method for Sensing and Imaging Subsurface Targets (2013)

Abstract We have developed a new electromagnetic geophysical system, the Differential Target Antenna Coupling (DTAC) method, which can significantly improve target sensing and imaging capabilities compared to conventional measurements. In a companion paper, we developed the theory behind this method. In the current paper, we show an experimental validation of the method by comparing the measured and calculated responses for a variety of precisely known, small-scale targets. Excellent agreement has been obtained in all cases where the target was in contact with the earth. The DTAC method uses at least two frequencies. One frequency is used as a reference signal to establish the null direction at that frequency, and then a different frequency is used to measure the change in the null at that new frequency. We can also use an arbitrary number of frequencies with just one reference frequency for wide-bandwidth measurements. The DTAC method is not sensitive to the orientation of the receiver coil and it is relatively insensitive to variations in the background resistivity. Small-scale prototype measurements show that the DTAC method can detect targets deeper and with greater resolution of target dip, strike, and thickness than conventional methods. It is also possible to orient the DTAC array so that it is not sensitive to surface interference.
Electricity Consumption by Time of Use in a Hybrid Demand System (1983)

Peak-load pricing has long been advocated for the sale of electricity and other services in which periodic variations in demand are jointly supplied by a common plant of fixed capacity. Time-of-use (TOU) electricity rates have been widely used in Europe for several decades to reflect peak-load cost variations. By contrast, in the USA TOU rates began to receive serious consideration only following the 1973–74 Arab oil embargo.2
Identification and functional studies on proteins involved inin low-grade breast cancer metastasis (2011)

The main challenge in breast cancer treatment is metastatic
disease. For estimation of the risk of metastatic disease,
traditional prognostic factors like tumor size, tumor grade or
lymph node status are currently used. However, the predictive
value of these factors is not sufficient. Therefore there is an
urgent need for new more reliable molecular markers with higher
sensitivity and selectivity. This project is focused on
identification and functional studies on proteins involved in
low-grade breast cancer metastasis. For the discovery phase we
use a combination of comparative proteomics methods with
validation by qRT-PCR profiling at transcript level. On the
basis of our preliminary results transgelin seems to be an
interesting target for further functional studies. Altered
expression of transgelin has been previously reported in
various types of cancers, sometimes with controversial outputs
and interpretation. Here we focus on its role in breast cancer
metastasis. Our preliminary data suggest that transgelin should
positively influence metastasis of the tumors by increasing the
migratory properties of cells through its stabilizing role on
their actin cytoskeleton.
Abstract 12407: A Comparison of Hemodynamic and Cardiopulmonary Exercise Stress Variables for Advanced Heart Failure Prognosis (2021)

Introduction: Both invasive hemodynamics as measured by right heart catheterization (RHC) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) are used for prognostication in advanced heart failure patients. We aimed to compare the prognostic performance of these variables in patients with advanced heart failure with a particular focus on defining the incremental prognostication of advanced hemodynamic metrics compared to CPET variables. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent both a RHC and CPET within one year of each other from January 2013 to January 2019 at our institution. The CPET variables of peak oxygen consumption (VO2), minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2), oxygen pulse (VO2/HR), and the RHC variables of left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI), cardiac power output (CPO), and aortic pulsatility index (API) were used. The primary outcome was death, left ventricular assist device, or heart transplant at one year following the RHC. Results: A total of 55 patients were included in the analysis: 35% women, 51% Black, and 27% ischemic cardiomyopathy. Overall, using Spearman’s analysis, there were no significant correlations between the RHC and CPET variables. On Kaplan-Meier analysis, lower LVSWI was significantly associated with the primary outcome when compared to lower VO2/HR, HR 5.3 (95% CI 1.2-23, p = 0.02.), lower VE/VCO2, HR 3.7 (95% CI 1.3-10.4, p = 0.014), and lower peak VO2, HR 7.0 (95% CI 0.9-56, p = 0.06). Conclusion: LVSWI is more associated with one-year outcomes in patients with advanced heart failure than other prognostic hemodynamic or CPET variables. Furthermore, advanced hemodynamic metrics are more prognostic than CPET measurements when these values are discordant.
Analysis of wavelength-switched high-density WDM networks employing wavelength conversion by four-wave-mixing in semiconductor optical amplifiers (1995)

In this paper transmission through an optical transparent network layer in which very high capacity data streams are processed without optical to electrical conversion is considered. Highly-dense WDM is assumed. The optical layer is superimposed to an electrical network layer in which the high capacity streams are processed at lower digital transmission hierarchies. Photonic switching is realized inside the optical layer by means of wavelength translators based on four-wave-mixing in traveling wave semiconductor optical amplifiers. The transmission performance of the network is theoretically analyzed exploiting an accurate model of the wavelength converter. ASE and phase noise accumulation along the signal path through the network, linear crosstalk and nonlinear effects during fiber propagation are taken into account. Due to the adopted method to perform wavelength conversion, chirping/dispersion induced penalties result to be greatly reduced and homo-wavelength crosstalk inside the network nodes is almost eliminated. This allows very good transmission performances to be attained even for very high capacity networks, as demonstrated by the reported theoretical results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Mechanistic Studies of Oxidation of Thiols to Disulfides by Sodium N-Chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide in an Alkaline Medium:  A Kinetic Approach (2006)

The kinetics of oxidation of five alkanethiols, viz., 1-ethanethiol, 1-propanethiol, 1-butanethiol, 1-pentanethiol, and 1-hexanethiol to symmetrical disulfides by sodium N-chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide or chloramine-T (CAT) in the presence of NaOH has been investigated at 15 °C. Reactions in all the five cases followed the identical kinetics with a first-order dependence each on [CAT]o and [Thiol]o and fractional-order dependence on [OH-]. Addition of p-toluenesulfonamide, a reduction product, retards the rate, and the dielectric effect is negative. Variation of ionic strength and halide ions showed no effect on the rate. The solvent isotope effect was studied using heavy water. Reaction mixture failed to induce polymerization of acrylonitrile. Activation parameters have been computed from the reactions studied at different temperatures. A two-pathway mechanism is proposed to account for the kinetic data obtained in which the hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and the anion of CAT (CH3C6H4SO2NCl-) interact with the substrate in rate-limiting steps. An isokinetic relationship is observed with β = 322 K, indicating that enthalpy factors are controlling the rate. The rate of oxidation of thiols follows the order: 1-hexanethiol > 1-pentanethiol > 1-butanethiol > 1-propanethiol > 1-ethanethiol. A Taft linear free energy relationship is obeyed for the reaction with ρ* = −5.28 and −7.50 and δ = −2.00, indicating that the electron donating groups enhance the rate. The observed results have been explained by a two-pathway mechanism, and the related rate law has been deduced. The method adopted for the oxidation of thiols to disulfides in the present work offers several advantages and can be scaled up to industrial operation.
Cation-like homogeneous olefin polymerization catalysts based upon zirconocene alkyls and tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCation-like homogeneous olefin polymerization catalysts based upon zirconocene alkyls and tris(pentafluorophenyl)boraneXinmin Yang, Charlotte L. Stern, and Tobin J. MarksCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 9, 3623–3625Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00009a076https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00009a076research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2247Altmetric-Citations502LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of Fatigue Healing Effect of Asphalt Concrete by Pseudostiffness (2002)

The pseudostrain concept based on the extended nonlinear elastic—viscoelastic correspondence principle has been demonstrated in this research to be an appropriate and efficient method for evaluating microdamage and healing during the fatigue damage process. Pseudostiffness can be used to monitor microdamage and healing during the fatigue test. Pseudostiffness decreases consistently with an increasing number of loading cycles, which indicates that the microdamage occurs during the fatigue test. The significant recovery of pseudostiffness after rest periods indicates that there is a strong healing due to rest periods. The effects of hydrated lime on fatigue microdamage and healing have also been evaluated based on pseudostiffness recovery. The impact of healing during rest periods is evident and substantial. The degree of healing is mixture dependent. The ability of a mixture to heal is largely related to binder properties. Adding hydrated lime to the mixtures tested generally improved the healing potential of the mixtures. In general, stiffer mixtures have better healing and longer rest periods result in greater healing. The mechanism of healing is evaluated by two theories. The initial healing rate is governed by nonpolar surface energy, and the final healing rate is governed by polar surface energy.