gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Seamless Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (S-BFD) for Virtual Circuit Connectivity Verification (VCCV) (2016)

This document defines Seamless BFD (S-BFD) for VCCV by extending the procedures and Connectivity Verification (CV) types already defined for Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) for Virtual Circuit Connectivity Verification (VCCV).
Analysis of the temperature and excitation intensity dependencies of photoluminescence in undoped GaN films (2001)

Steady-state photoluminescence (PL) from undoped wurtzite GaN has been studied in detail over a wide range of temperatures and excitation intensities. Both the observed steps in the temperature dependence of the PL intensity, and the nonlinear dependence of the PL intensity on excitation power for different PL bands are quantitatively explained by competition between different recombination channels. Hole-capture cross sections, defect concentrations, and thermal activation energies of the main acceptors in undoped GaN are estimated from the analysis of temperature and excitation intensity dependencies of the PL.
Light-regulated allosteric switch enables temporal and subcellular control of enzyme activity (2020)

Engineered allosteric regulation of protein activity provides significant advantages for the development of robust and broadly applicable tools. However, the application of allosteric switches in optogenetics has been scarce and suffers from critical limitations. Here, we report an optogenetic approach that utilizes an engineered Light-Regulated (LightR) allosteric switch module to achieve tight spatiotemporal control of enzymatic activity. Using the tyrosine kinase Src as a model, we demonstrate efficient regulation of the kinase and identify temporally distinct signaling responses ranging from seconds to minutes. LightR-Src off-kinetics can be tuned by modulating the LightR photoconversion cycle. A fast cycling variant enables the stimulation of transient pulses and local regulation of activity in a selected region of a cell. The design of the LightR module ensures broad applicability of the tool, as we demonstrate by achieving light-mediated regulation of Abl and bRaf kinases as well as Cre recombinase.
More About the Future of Psychiatry Education (2012)

In Reply to Walaszek and Reardon: We are pleased that Drs. Walaszek and Reardon support our comments regarding collaborative care models for psychiatric services. We applaud their innovative efforts at developing such a model for their trainees while emphasizing the importance of quality improvement and advocacy education. In our article, we predicted two major paradigm shifts in psychiatry’s future. One pertains to the development of collaborative care as a way to deliver psychiatric care. The other involves psychiatrists becoming clinical neuroscientists in order to apply to clinical practice relevant knowledge from rapidly advancing research in systems and molecular neuroscience. We believe that components of these paradigm shifts will be spearheaded by different psychiatry training programs. Individual training programs have unique strengths that depend on their particular faculty and the priorities and resources of their institutions as well as support from their communities. Drs. Walaszek and Reardon are leaders in implementing a collaborative care approach into residency training. Other programs have the resources and infrastructure to encourage training in clinical neurosciences; such programs are often associated with research-intensive psychiatry departments. Still other programs have strengths in psychotherapeutic and rehabilitative approaches. This diversity in focus is not only healthy but necessary for our field to advance within a rapidly evolving landscape of psychiatry education.1 Different psychiatry departments will explore various models of training, and we predict that momentum will build toward implementing those models that are examples of the paradigm shifts mentioned in our article. Psychiatry residency training directors, vice chairs, and chairs form a community that communicates in various ways, including active use of listservs available to members of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the American Association of Chairs of Departments of Psychiatry. In addition, the annual meetings of those two associations are designed to encourage brainstorming about approaches to education, research, and clinical care. These groups will have a major influence in determining the speed with which upcoming changes occur. Psychiatry has a bright future, and we anticipate that a diverse group of psychiatry departments will lead the way to serve the needs of patients in the context of modern health care while taking advantage of advances in science. Eugene H. Rubin, MD, PhD Professor and vice chair for education, Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; [email protected] Charles F. Zorumski, MD Samuel B. Guze Professor and head, Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
Planning the trajectories of multiple mobile sinks in large-scale, time-sensitive WSNs (2011)

Controlled sink mobility has been shown to be very beneficial in lifetime prolongation of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) by avoiding the typical hot-spot problem near the sink. Besides striving for elongated lifetimes, many applications of WSNs are time-sensitive, i.e., they strongly benefit from bounds on the message transfer delay. Further, large WSNs require multiple sinks in order to scale well with respect to delay and lifetime. Therefore, it becomes very interesting to investigate how to plan the trajectories of multiple mobile sinks such that lifetime and delay goals are met simultaneously. To that end, we propose a geometrically principled heuristic for finding good trajectories of multiple mobile sinks in large-scale, time-sensitive WSNs. First, we discuss the high analytical challenges of optimally planning the trajectories of multiple mobile sinks. Based on this, we relax the problem by transforming it into a geometric design problem, which, subsequently, is solved in closed form. In simulations, we investigate how well this geometric heuristic for sink trajectories of multiple mobile sinks performs with respect to delay and lifetime. We find that it excels especially in large-scale WSNs, for example in a WSN with 500 nodes and 20 sinks, it roughly cuts delay bounds by 50% while tripling the lifetime compared to the sinks following random walks. Hence planning the sink trajectories carefully really pays off.
Congenital cerebrospinal fluid‐containing intracranial abnormalities: A sonographic classification (1988)

Ultrasound is useful as a primary modality for diagnosis of complex nonhydrocephalic intracranial malformations. We present 10 cases of intracranial cerebrospinal fluid containing abnormalities that may be diagnosed by ultrasound. Congenital abnormalities presented include holoprosencephaly, hydranencephaly, agenesis of the corpus callosum with interhemispheric cyst, porencephaly, schizencephaly, and arachnoid cyst. Ultrasound may be used in the fetus or neonate in detecting and separating these abnormalities from hydrocephalus.
Modelling to Simulate Botnet Command and Control Protocols for the Evaluation of Network Intrusion Detection Systems (2011)

The purpose of this paper is the modelization and simulation of zombie machines for the evaluation of Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS), used to detect botnets. We propose an automatic method to infer zombies behaviours through the analysis of messages exchanged with their masters. Once computed, a model provides a way to generate realistic and manageable traffic, which is mandatory for an NIDS evaluation. We propose to use a Stochastic Mealy Machine to model zombies behaviours, and an active inference algorithm to learn it. With our approach, it is possible to generate a realistic traffic corresponding to the communications of botnets while ensuring its controllability in the context of an NIDS evaluation.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-4 from Autophagy Induced by Conventional Chemotherapy Mediates Tumor Cell Sensitivity to Immunotherapy (2023)

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Semaphorin 5B mediates synapse elimination in hippocampal neurons (2009)

Our results demonstrate that in addition to its role as a guidance cue, Sema5B regulates the development and maintenance of synapse size and number in hippocampal neurons. In addition, proteolytic cleavage of Sema5B results in the release of a potentially diffusible semaphorin domain that is a necessary component for its biological function in the regulation of synapse morphology.
An IL‐33 immunotherapy that blocks tumor growth by establishing innate lymphoid cells. (LB52) (2014)

An IL‐33 immunotherapy that blocks tumor growth by establishing innate lymphoid cells. Wonyoung Kim 1 , J uyang Kim 1 , Hyun Ju Kim 2 , U‐jeong Moon 2 , So Yeon Jung 2 , Hye‐Jeong Choi 3 , H. R. Cho 1,4 , B. Kwon 1,2 1 Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea 2 School of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea 3 Department of Pathology, Ulsan University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea 4 Department of Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea Abstract A long‐standing question in the field of tumor immunotherapy is how type 2 T helper cell (Th2) cytokines can block tumor growth. The anti‐tumor effects of Th2 cytokines are particularly prominent when they are manipulated to be continuously secreted in tumor mass. This observation suggests that Th2 cytokines may create a tumor microenvironment unfavorable for tumor growth independently of adaptive immunity. We show here that sustained intratumoral expression of IL‐33 establishes a high numbers of innate lymphoid cells secreting high levels of CXCL1/2 which are induced scenescence of tumor cells. IL‐33 increased intratumoral hypoxia which is induced high levels of CXCR2 and down‐regulation of HIF‐1α in tumor. CXCR2 signaling strongly induces apoptosis of tumor cells, thereby preventing normal angiogenesis in tumor mass. Our results identify a previously unrecognized function of ILC2s which mediate type‐2 innate immunity leading to antitumor activity. $graphic_B005C94A‐61C7‐4E8A‐A3BD‐C0DF9DCCE278$
Improved Distant Supervised Model in Tibetan Relation Extraction Using ELMo and Attention (2019)

The task of relation extraction is classifying the relations between two entities in a sentence. Distant supervision relation extraction can automatically align entities in texts based on Knowledge Base without labeled training data. For low-resource language relation extraction, such as Tibetan, the main problem is the lack of labeled training data. In this paper, we propose an improved distant supervised relation extraction model based on Piecewise Convolutional Neural Network (PCNN) to expand the Tibetan corpus. We add self-attention mechanism and soft-label method to decrease wrong labels, and use Embeddings from Language Models (ELMo) to solve the semantic ambiguity problem. Meanwhile, according to the Tibetan characteristics, we combine the word vector and part of speech vector to extract deeply feature of words. Finally, the experimental results show that P@avg value increases by 14.4% than baseline.
Determination of Sellmeier’s equations and nonlinear coefficients of the BGSe crystal, and calculation of infrared emission from phase-matched optical parametric generation (Conference Presentation) (2020)

We performed direct measurements of phase-matching conditions of Second-Harmonic Generation (SHG) and Difference-Frequency Generation using the sphere method to determine reliable Sellmeier’s equations valid in the 1-12 microns transparency range of the new BGSe monoclinic nonlinear crystal. We also recorded SHG conversion efficiencies under and out-of phase-matching conditions to determine without the magnitudes and relative signs of the associated non zero quadratic nonlinear coefficients of BGSe. By combining all these data, we were able to calculate pump wavelengths enabling the generation of a widely tunable light in the infrared range from phase-matched Optical Parametric Generation.
Chemosensory Changes from Cancer Treatment and Their Effects on Patients’ Food Behavior: A Scoping Review (2019)

Individuals undergoing treatment for cancer can experience changes in taste or smell that are often assumed to affect constructs related to food behavior, although this relationship is rarely measured directly. To ascertain the extent to which measured changes in taste and smell during and after cancer treatment affect food behavior, we conducted a scoping review and completed a comparative analysis for studies that met our criteria, which were: they directly measured cancer patients' (a) psychophysical response to taste and/or olfactory stimuli, and (b) food behavior (including food enjoyment, food preference, dietary intake) in people affected by cancer. Eleven studies met these criteria and were included in the review. All 11 studies evaluated taste and five also measured smell. A comparative analysis exploring taste and food behavior shows that a reduced sweet taste function (decreased sensitivity) was associated with a reduced intake of a variety of different macro and micro nutrients, reduced appetite, and overall lower energy intake. One out of six studies that measured smell and food measured observed changes in olfactory function following cancer treatment. There were no significant relationships reported between olfactory measures and food behavior. Taste changes that arise from cancer treatment appear to have a direct effect on food behavior, although there is a need for more research using standardized measures and larger sample sizes. A better understanding of taste alterations and their implications for dietary intake and food enjoyment will support optimal nutritional health by identifying strategies to help patients eat well during and after cancer treatment.
Analysis of Catalysts using Aberration-Corrected TEM (2008)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2008 in Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, August 3 – August 7, 2008
RegulatedCYP19Aromatase Transcription in Breast Stromal Fibroblasts1 (2000)

Extraglandular estrogen synthesis mediates the proliferation of estrogen-responsive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Aromatase, the cytochrome P450 Cyp19 enzyme, catalyzes the rate-limiting step in estrogen biosynthesis. Activity is present in both normal and neoplastic breast tissue, and Cyp19 protein is localized by immunohistochemistry predominantly in breast stromal fibroblasts. In cultured breast stromal fibroblasts, both activity and Cyp19 messenger ribonucleic acid are increased to a substantial degree by hormonal and growth factor regulators of transcription. Transcriptional regulation of CYP19 is complex in breast tissues, in which exon switching in the usage of alternative first exons occurs from predominantly EI.4 in breast tissue from cancer-free women to predominantly EI.3 and PII in breast tumors and quadrants with or without tumor. The present study questioned whether the first exon switch occurs as a result of an inherent difference between fibroblasts in normal and tumor tissues or because of differences in local regulators between these tissues. To distinguish between these two possibilities, we examined fibroblasts cultured from breast tumor, benign breast, and reduction mammoplasty tissues for the ability of various CYP19 transcriptional regulators to modulate first exon EI.3, EI.4, and PII usage. A semiquantitative RT-PCR method was used to identify transcripts containing six of the nine known CYP19 first exons. Combinations of cAMP and Dex regulated transcription from first exons EI.3, EI.4, and PII in fibroblasts cultured from all tissues, but not in reduction mammoplasty epithelial cells. These results provide evidence that the fibroblasts from these breast tissues are not inherently different in transcriptional regulation of CYP19 first exon usage and that transcriptional regulatory molecules are likely to mediate the exon switch phenomenon.
Design and implementation of an acute Trauma and Orthopaedic ePlatform (TOP) referral system utilising existing secure technology during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020)

The use of an electronic referral pathway to deliver a point of care virtual fracture clinic allowed for efficient use of scarce resources and definitive management plan delivery in a safe manner.Cite this article: <i>Bone Joint Open</i> 2020;1-6:293-301.
Conformational analysis of somatostatin and selected analogs in oriented polyoxyethylene by infrared dichroism (1980)

Abstract Infrared dichroic studies and deuterium exchange measurements of somatostatin and some of its analogs incorporated in uniaxially oriented polyoxyethylene are described. Band positions and dichroic ratios in the N‐H stretching and amide I and II regions are similar to those of flexible and nonordered peptides like valinomycin and poly[Glu(ONa)]. This information, together with fast deuterium exchange rates, suggests that somatostatin exists in a flexible nonordered conformation in polyoxyethylene. One analog, di‐ S 3,14 ‐acetamidomethyl dihydrosomatostatin, was found to exist in both nonordered and β‐like conformations.
Two novel human serine/threonine kinases with homologies to the cell cycle regulating Xenopus MO15, and NIMA kinases: cloning and characterization of their expression pattern. (1994)

Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods, we have isolated cDNA clones of two new members of serine/threonine kinases, STK1 and STK2, from a cDNA library constructed from the BT-20 human breast cancer cell line. STK1 is transcribed as a 1.4 kilobase (kb) mRNA encoding for a protein of 346 amino acids. Based on amino acid sequence analysis, STK1 is 86% identical to the Xenopus p40mo15, a cdc2-related serine/threonine kinase recently found to be the activating kinase for p34cdc2 and p33cdk2. Thus, STK1 is most likely the human homologue of MO15. An alternatively spliced STK1 message expressed variably in cell lines and in primary carcinomas generates a predicted 58 amino acid protein that lacks the kinase domain. STK2 is transcribed into a 4.0 kb mRNA encoding for an 841 residue protein which exhibits 50% identity in the kinase domain with the mouse nek1 gene product, the relative of the fungal G2-M regulator, nimA. STK1 and STK2 display a variable pattern of expression among a series of primary carcinomas as well as cancer cell lines. Both STK1 and STK2 were expressed at the highest levels in the heart but were also detected in all other organs tested. In embryonal tissues, lower levels of expression were noted. Using cell cycle inhibitors, we have shown that both STK1 and STK2 mRNA levels remain relatively invariant through the cell cycle. Chromosomal assignment has localized STK1 on chromosome 2pcen-2p15, a region implicated in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal carcinoma, and STK2 on chromosome 3p21.1, a region frequently showing chromosomal alterations in renal cells carcinomas.
A Nonvacuum Approach for Fabrication of Cu2ZnSnSe4/In2S3 Thin Film Solar Cell and Optoelectronic Characterization (2015)

Cd-free kesterite-based Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe)/In2S3 champion solar cell of 5.74% efficiency has been fabricated by chemical spray pyrolysis. In this fabrication route, CZTSe absorber layer was sprayed by using a precursor solution, where metallic salts were dissolved in water-based solvent and subsequently selenized with Se powder at high temperature. In2S3 buffer as an alternative to CdS buffer was also deposited by chemical spray pyrolysis. The device characteristics were studied by measuring dark/light illuminated J–V–T, external quantum efficiency, temperature dependence of open circuit voltage (VOC) and series resistance (Rs), and admittance spectroscopy. The performance of sprayed CZTSe/In2S3 solar cell was found to be limited by high back-contact barrier potential, poor carrier collection, and detrimental intrinsic defect states in device.
Pathogenesis of Rotaviral Enteritis in Gnotobiotic Pigs: A Microscopic Study (1980)

SUMMARY The pathogenesis of rotavirus ( rv ) infection was studied in gnotobiotic pigs orally inoculated with a field isolate of porcine rotavirus. Virus-intestinal cell interactions were examined by fluorescent antibody technique, light microscopy, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Clinical signs of diarrhea were observed in inoculated pigs at postinoculation hours ( pih ) 12 through 96. Examination of negative-stained fecal preparations revealed large numbers of coreless rotaviral particles in fecal material collected at pih 24 to 72, whereas nearly 100% of the virus particles were complete in fecal samples collected at pih 96. Specific fluorescence was observed in the cytoplasm of a few villous absorptive cells in the duodenum and upper portion of the jejunum ( uj ) at pih 12 with the most intense fluorescence at pih 24 to 96 in the absorptive cells of villi in the uj through the midportion of the small intestine. Virus replication resulted in desquamation of villous absorptive cells in the lower portion of the jejunum ( lj ) through the upper portion of the ileum ( ui ) beginning at pih 24. In the uj through the ui , the loss of villous absorptive cells resulted in a progressively shortened villi beginning at pih 24 and was most severe in inoculated pigs killed at pih 72 to 84. Crypt hyperplasia was observed in the uj through the ui at pih 60 to 96, resulting in replacement of villous absorptive cells, as evidenced by an increase in cuboidal villous epithelial cells present at pih 72 to 96 and an apparent increase in the length of villi at pih 96. Segments of the small intestine examined by scanning electron microscopy revealed villous fusion, rounded absorptive cells, villous atrophy, and exposure of the lamina propria especially in the lj through the ui . Thin sections of the small intestine examined by transmission electron microscopy revealed rv particles in the absorptive cells of the midportion of the small intestine and duodenum through the ui at pih 12 and 24, respectively. Cytoplasmic lysis of absorptive epithelial cells was evident at pih 36, and viral particles were observed in the lumen near microvilli. Rotavirus-induced changes in the small intestine of gnotobiotic pigs were characteristic of those described for natural rv infection.