gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Infrared‐frequency coplanar striplines: Design, fabrication, and measurements (2005)

Abstract We investigate the feasibility of coplanar striplines (CPSs) in conjunction with infrared (IR) detectors. Because of unique attenuation and dispersion issues, the analytical formulas for transmission‐line parameters valid below a few hundred GHz are not applicable at IR. Therefore, we perform numerical modeling to determine these parameters (at 28.3 THz). A comparison of the modeling and the measured response is presented. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 17–20, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21068
Bandwidth Enhancement of Planar Slot Antenna Using Complementary Source Technique for Millimeter-Wave Applications (2014)

Traditional coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed planar slot antennas are inherently narrow in bandwidth. Widening open-ends of the slot and adding parasitic elements are popular techniques for bandwidth enhancement. An alternative approach is to apply complementary sources. In this paper, a new stacked structure of complementary antenna is proposed which utilizes a traditional CPW-fed slot antenna to act as a magnetic source and a parasitic dipole located across the slot to act as an electric source. This antenna array, fabricated on generic microwave substrate with simple plated-through-hole, printed-circuit technology, the measured impedance bandwidth can cover from 55 to 67 GHz for VSWR ≤ 3.0. It achieves a maximum measured gain of 12.2 dBi at 65 GHz and above 10.0 dBi in the passband from 56 to 67 GHz for 60-GHz application.
A Peaceman-Rachford Splitting Method for the Protein Side-Chain Positioning Problem (2020)

We formulate a doubly nonnegative (DNN) relaxation of the protein side-chain positioning (SCP) problem. We inherit the natural splitting of variables that stems from the facial reduction technique in the semidefinite relaxation. We solve the relaxation using a variant of the Peaceman-Rachford splitting method. Our numerical experiments show that we solve almost all instances of the NP-hard SCP problem to optimality.
A macrocyclic [60]fullerene–porphyrin dyad involving π–π stacking interactions (1998)

The very regioselective twofold cyclopropanation of C60 with a porphyrin bismalonate leads to a C2 symmetrical [60]fullerene–porphyrin dyad with pronounced electronic interactions between the two π–π stacked chromophores.
Drugs and driving (2001)

This article briefly reviews the effects of drugs and alcohol on driving abilities and discusses appropriate measures to reduce risk. (author abstract)
Complémentarité des actions de modélisation et d'essais : Application au dimensionnement des parafoudres à enveloppe synthétique : Modélisation numérique et essais de validation (1996)

While testing procedures for conception and development of products are used and accepted in industry, it is now possible for a manufacturer to use a modeling stage in the different parts of its conception. Through three research results, two concepts for simulation software were used in the development of our medium and high voltage polymeric ZnO surge arresters. These products are tested regarding, aging and pollution withstanding, which takes time and is expensive. The first concept is the use of simulation results to extend tests results. The second one deals with the investigation and understanding by simulation of physical stresses which have not been taken into account in standard tests.
Naltrexone for the Treatment of Alcoholism: Clinical Findings, Mechanisms of Action, and Pharmacogenetics (2010)

Naltrexone is an opioid receptor antagonist with established efficacy, albeit moderate, for the treatment of alcohol dependence. This manuscript provides a critical review of the literature on naltrexone as a pharmacotherapy for alcoholism by covering the following areas: (a) clinical findings from treatment studies; (b) pharmacokinetics and safety data; (c) medication compliance and persistence; and (d) neurobiological and biobehavioral mechanisms of action of naltrexone for the indication of alcohol dependence. This review will then focus on the emerging literature on naltrexone pharmacogenetics, which has the potential to identify responders on the basis of genetic variation and to use genetic tools to individualize the use of this medication. Limitations and future directions in the research and practice of naltrexone for alcoholism are also outlined.
Cell-mediated Immunity In Renal Cell Carcinoma—preliminary Report (1976)

The microcytotoxicity test was used in 8 cases post-nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma to stage the disease clinically and to evaluate immunologically. Half of the patients had stage IV disease and half were believed to be cured clinically. Cell-mediated immunity and serum blocking factors were found in all patients with known metastases. However, cellular immunity was not found in 3 of the 4 remaining patients and serum blocking factors were also not noted in the 2 clinically cured patients who were tested. These findings are compatible with the facts that cell-mediated immunity and serum blocking factors are found when there is a grossly discernible antigenic source, that serum blocking factors are lost in patients who are clinically free of tumor and that in some patients who are clinically cured with a possible total loss of antigenic presence there is a disappearance of significant cell-mediated immunity.
Synthesis of a Photoresponsive -Dideoxyuridine Triphosphate Derivative (2008)

The synthesis of a photoresponsive alpha-5-cyanovinyl- 2',3'-dideoxyuridine-5'-triphosphate (alpha dd(C)UTP) is described. A one-pot enzymatic synthesis of photoresponsive alpha-5-cyanovinyl-2',3'-dideoxyuridine (alpha dd(C)U) labeled ODNs with terminal deoxynucleotideyl transferase (TdT) would be a powerful tool for the development of modified long-chain DNA and branched DNA unable to be prepared by DNA synthesizer or enzymatic ligation.
Virus-host co-evolution under a modified nuclear genetic code (2013)

Among eukaryotes with modified nuclear genetic codes, viruses are unknown. However, here we provide evidence of an RNA virus that infects a fungal host (Scheffersomyces segobiensis) with a derived nuclear genetic code where CUG codes for serine. The genomic architecture and phylogeny are consistent with infection by a double-stranded RNA virus of the genus Totivirus. We provide evidence of past or present infection with totiviruses in five species of yeasts with modified genetic codes. All but one of the CUG codons in the viral genome have been eliminated, suggesting that avoidance of the modified codon was important to viral adaptation. Our mass spectroscopy analysis indicates that a congener of the host species has co-opted and expresses a capsid gene from totiviruses as a cellular protein. Viral avoidance of the host's modified codon and host co-option of a protein from totiviruses suggest that RNA viruses co-evolved with yeasts that underwent a major evolutionary transition from the standard genetic code.
Plasma diacylglycerol composition is a biomarker of metabolic syndrome onset in rhesus monkeys (2015)

Metabolic syndrome is linked with obesity and is often first identified clinically by elevated BMI and elevated levels of fasting blood glucose that are generally secondary to insulin resistance. Using the highly translatable rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) model, we asked if metabolic syndrome risk could be identified earlier. The study involved 16 overweight but healthy, euglycemic monkeys, one-half of which spontaneously developed metabolic syndrome over the course of 2 years while the other half remained healthy. We conducted a series of biometric and plasma measures focusing on adiposity, lipid metabolism, and adipose tissue-derived hormones, which led to a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in the insulin-resistant animals. Plasma fatty acid composition was determined by gas chromatography for cholesteryl ester, FFA, diacylglycerol (DAG), phospholipid, and triacylglycerol lipid classes; plasma lipoprotein profiles were generated by NMR; and circulating levels of adipose-derived signaling peptides were determined by ELISA. We identified biomarker models including a DAG model, two lipoprotein models, and a multiterm model that includes the adipose-derived peptide adiponectin. Correlations among circulating lipids and lipoproteins revealed shifts in lipid metabolism during disease development. We propose that lipid profiling may be valuable for early metabolic syndrome detection in a clinical setting.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Psychrophilic and Alkaliphilic Rhodonellum psychrophilum Strain GCM71 T (2013)

Rhodonellum psychrophilum GCM71(T), isolated from the cold and alkaline submarine ikaite columns in the Ikka Fjord in Greenland, displays optimal growth at 5 to 10°C and pH 10. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of this strain, which may provide insight into the mechanisms of adaptation to these extreme conditions.
MR imaging of myositis ossificans: Variable patterns at different stages (1995)

Five patients with a palpable mass at presentation underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The final diagnosis was myositis ossificans (MO). MR imaging features, particularly after injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine, mimicked those of an inflammatory mass or neoplasm. The lesions were excised in three patients, and the images were correlated with histologic findings. Three different appearances were noted on MR images, corresponding to the stages of maturation of MO. Two cases involved early-stage lesions, and T1-weighted MR images showed a mass with homogeneous intermediate signal intensity. Both lesions showed rim enhancement after contrast agent injection and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Pathologic specimens demonstrated stroma with masses of spindle cells in which osteoid production was interspersed. The enhanced rim of the lesion mimicked the expected MR appearance of an abscess or necrotic tumor. Areas of enhancement in adjacent muscle were also seen on postcontrast T1-weighted images. Intermediate-stage MO was present in one case; there was evidence of a thin rim of calcification on plain radiographs and fatty changes in the lesion on T1-weighted images, corresponding with histologic findings. One case of a mature lesion showed a considerable degree of peripheral calcification both on MR images and at histology. MR imaging is nonspecific in the diagnosis of early-stage MO.
14-3-3σ negatively regulates the cell cycle, and its down-regulation is associated with poor outcome in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (2007)

The 14-3-3sigma gene has been implicated in G2/M cell cycle arrest by p53, and the loss of 14-3-3sigma protein expression has been reported in diverse human cancers. However, the role of 14-3-3sigma in the signaling pathway of the cell cycle in the progression of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma has not been well understood. To clarify the role of 14-3-3sigma, we examined the protein expressions of 14-3-3sigma, cyclin B1, and p53 in 93 cases of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by immunohistochemical staining. We also examined the correlation between these expressions and survival rate and clinicopathologic factors such as sex, age, tumor grade (ie, pathologic differentiation, tumor size, lymphatic permeation, vascular invasion, perineural invasion, lymph node metastasis), and tumor stage. Positive 14-3-3sigma protein expression (>30% of tumor cells) was observed in 67.7% (63/93) of cases of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and was inversely correlated with cyclin B1 expression. No correlation was found between 14-3-3sigma expression and p53 expression or clinicopathologic factors; however, decreased 14-3-3sigma expression was an independent prognostic factor by multivariate survival analysis (P = .0282). Extensive methylation of 14-3-3sigma was found by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and sequence; however, no significant correlation was detected between methylation states and protein expression. These results indicate that depressed 14-3-3sigma protein is involved in the uncontrolled cell cycle in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and that the decreased expression of 14-3-3sigma protein is a significant indicator of poor prognosis for patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
Self‐Assembled Amphotericin B Is Probably Surrounded by Ergosterol: Bimolecular Interactions as Evidenced by Solid‐State NMR and CD Spectra (2007)

Amphotericin B (AmB) is thought to exert its pharmacological effects by forming a barrel-stave assembly with ergosterol in fungal membranes. To examine the interaction between AmB and ergosterol (Erg) or cholesterol (Cho), (13)C- and (19)F-labelled covalent conjugates were prepared as reported previously (N. Matsumori et al. Chem. Biol. 2004, 11, 673-679). The CD spectra of the conjugates in a membrane-bound form suggested that the distance between the heptaene moieties of the ergosterol conjugates AmB-C(2)-(6-F)Erg 2 and AmB-C(2)-Erg 3 is similar to that of AmB in ergosterol-containing membranes, but significantly larger than that of AmB in nonsterol or cholesterol-containing membranes. These observations suggest that, as is the case with ergosterol-containing membranes, the conjugated sterol moiety prevents the close contact between the heptaene moieties within the membrane that would reduce channel conductivity of the AmB assemblies. To further investigate this bimolecular interaction, we recorded the solid-state NMR spectra of conjugates 2 and AmB-C(2)-(6-F)Cho 4, which are composed of uniformly (13)C-labelled AmB and 6-fluorinated ergosterol or cholesterol; the conjugates were expected to facilitate the estimation of distances between the fluorine and carbon atoms. By using rotor-synchronous double resonance (rotational echo double resonance of X cluster; RDX) experiments, we deduced the distance between the fluorine atom and its nearest carbon atom in the heptaene moiety of 2 to be less than 8.6 A. This indicates that the B ring of ergosterol comes close to the AmB polyene moiety. A conformational search of the AmB-ergosterol conjugate by using distance constraints derived from the RDX results suggested that ergosterol molecules possibly surround the AmB assembly, which is in contrast with the conventional image in which ergosterol is inserted into AmB molecules.
A linear programming method for exponential domination (2018)

For a graph $G,$ the set $D \subseteq V(G)$ is a porous exponential dominating set if $1 \le \sum_{d \in D} \left( 2 \right)^{1-dist(d,v)}$ for every $v \in V(G),$ where $dist(d,v)$ denotes the length of the shortest $dv$ path. The porous exponential dominating number of $G,$ denoted $γ_e^*(G),$ is the minimum cardinality of a porous exponential dominating set. For any graph $G,$ a technique is derived to determine a lower bound for $γ_e^*(G).$ Specifically for a grid graph $H,$ linear programing is used to sharpen bound found through the lower bound technique. Lower and upper bounds are determined for the porous exponential domination number of the King Grid $\mathcal{K_n},$ the Slant Grid $\mathcal{S_n},$ and the $n$-dimensional hypercube $Q_n.$
LOGISTICS -- TRUCKING'S NEW FRONTIER (1996)

SUBTITLE: CORPORATIONS ARE RETHINKING THEIR SUPPLY CHAINS, ENABLING FLEETS TO FORGE NEW CUSTOMER LINKS AS PROVIDERS AND INTEGRATORS OF LOGISTICS SERVICES.
Microwave signal generation with high spectral purity using two-frequency solia-state lasers (2005)

Two-frequency solid-state lasers are shown to provide beat notes at microwave frequencies with continuous tunability, high spectral purity and 100% modulation depth. Owing to an intra-cavity birefringent crystal providing both electro- and thermo-optic properties, the laser delivers a beat frequency that is both voltage- and temperature-controlled. First, a dual phase-locked loop is experimentally demonstrated to stabilize a two-frequency solid-state laser against a RF synthesizer, resulting in a linewidth of 25 mHz. Second, we show that pump-power modulation can lead to a new two-frequency pulsed operation with pulse-to-pulse RF coherence. Third, a specially designed two-frequency composite Er-Yb:glass-LiTaO/sub 3/ microchip laser is shown to provide a beat note up to 100 GHz with continuous tunability. Applications of these lasers to local oscillators in microwave-photonic systems and to lidar-radars are discussed.
Aerobic Exercise Preserves Olfaction Function in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease (2016)

<i>Introduction</i>. Based on anecdotal reports of improved olfaction following aerobic exercise, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an 8-week aerobic exercise program on olfaction function in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). <i>Methods</i>. Thirty-eight participants with idiopathic PD were randomized to either an aerobic exercise group (<i>n</i> = 23) or a nonexercise control group (<i>n</i> = 15). The aerobic exercise group completed a 60-minute cycling session three times per week for eight weeks while the nonexercise control group received no intervention. All participants completed the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) at baseline, end of treatment, and a four-week follow up. <i>Results</i>. Change in UPSIT scores between the exercise and nonexercise groups from baseline to EOT (<i>p</i> = 0.01) and from baseline to EOT+4 (<i>p</i> = 0.02) favored the aerobic exercise group. Individuals in the nonexercise group had worsening olfaction function over time, while the exercise group was spared from decline. <i>Discussion</i>. The difference in UPSIT scores suggested that aerobic exercise may be altering central nervous system pathways that regulate the physiologic or cognitive processes controlling olfaction in individuals with PD. While these results provide promising preliminary evidence that exercise may modify the disease process, further systematic evaluation is necessary.
In-plane orientation control of (001) κ -Ga 2 O 3 by epitaxial lateral overgrowth through a geometrical natural selection mechanism (2020)

Abstract Vapor phase growth of c -plane κ -Ga 2 O 3 films has been reported on various substrates such as sapphire, GaN, and AlN. However, these films are not single crystalline, but rather a mixture of nanometer-sized in-plane 120° rotational domains. We demonstrate a technique that solves the in-plane rotational domain problem. κ -Ga 2 O 3 was grown by epitaxial lateral overgrowth. A SiO x mask with a striped or dotted-striped pattern was aligned on a c -plane sapphire substrate with a TiO x buffer layer so that the stripe was parallel to the [ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mn mathvariant="normal">11</mml:mn> <mml:mover accent="true"> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="true">¯</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mover> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:math> ] direction of the sapphire. κ -Ga 2 O 3 was then grown on the substrate by halide vapor phase epitaxy. Electron backscatter diffraction, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and selective area electron diffraction revealed that the three in-plane orientations of the κ -Ga 2 O 3 domains converged into one whose [010] direction was perpendicular to the stripe. The convergence occurred through a geometrical natural selection mechanism.
A unified power delivery solution for integrating DER into distribution networks through VSC based DC system (2009)

A new power delivery strategy is proposed in this paper. It relies on integrating distributed energy resources (DER) to AC distribution networks through a multi-terminal voltage sourced converter (VSC) based DC system. To accomplish this, a new converter topology is designed. This topology integrates both AC and DC networks and is unified for different voltage and power levels. It allows full power controllability yet has a compact monolithic and scalable structure. It enables economical gradual upgrade to next generation DC distributed generation (DC-DG) starting from already established AC networks. A simulation case study of a 3.7 MW converter in an islanded microgrid is presented to demonstrate the underlying concept and the feasibility of its implementation.
LPS in microbial pathogenesis: promise and fulfilment (2002)

Since LPS was discovered, all inquiry in the field was motivated by two articles of faith. First, it was held that LPS was an important factor in microbial pathogenesis. Second, it was held that the responses elicited by numerous molecules of microbial origin might be formally similar to the responses elicited by LPS. The identification of TLR4 as the core transducer of LPS responses, and the added discovery that other TLR paralogs sense other microbial products, has strongly validated these cherished beliefs. Moreover, it has amalgamated many separate lines of inquiry, and focused attention on the how the innate immune system perceives infection.
Increased sympathetic tone in the left arm of patients affected by symptomatic myocardial ischemia. (1989)

Six of 60 consecutive patients (10%) affected by symptomatic myocardial infarction complained of positive sensory disturbances at the left arm, consisting of more or less painful burning sensation, heaviness, pins and needles. The sympathetic tone checked by means of fingertips photoplethismography showed a reduction in the maximal amplitude as well as in the amplitude of the wave measured at the 50% of its descending time in the left arm, as an expression of a local increase in the sympathetic tone. The need for an early diagnosis and therapy to prevent a clear sympathetic algodystrophy is stressed.
Rate Controlling Mechanism of Nitrogen Desorption by Ar Injection into Molten Iron (1987)

A study was made on the rate of nitrogen desorption from molten iron by Ar injection. Argon was injected into the melt through a submerged alumina nozzle of 0.1cm in ID. and 0.3cm in O.D. The immersion depth of the nozzle was 4.6-5.2cm. The gas flow rate was in the range of 74-96Ncm3/min. The oxygen content in the melt was varied as 0.004-0.066%. During the experiment, the bubble formation time was measured by a pressure pulse technique.The measured desorption rates are compared with those calculated by a mixed control model derived by considering that the mass transfers in both liquid and gas phases and the chemical reaction at the bubble-metal interface are the rate controlling steps. Nitrogen desorption during the bubble formation is taken into account in the model. From comparison between calculation and experiment, the chemical reaction rate constant is determined. It is shown that the chemical reaction rate constant decreases with increasing [%O]+[%S]/2. The rate constant obtained in the present study agrees with that obtained in the previous study on nitrogen absorption in molten iron. It is confirmed that both nitrogen absorption and desorption in molten iron could be explained by the mixed control model.
Bailigh: Low power cross-layer data gathering protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (2009)

Data gathering systems are an important class of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). As the goals of such systems are long lifetime, high reliability, and unattended operation, efficient use of limited energy is crucial. This paper presents Bailigh, a low power cross-layer protocol designed for low rate periodic data collection. Bailigh schedules the network to wake up at regular intervals for brief periods of data collection. To achieve this Bailigh integrates synchronous low power listening and network level scheduling. The proposed synchronous low power listening technique mitigates clock drift with low overhead and reduces unnecessary radio usage. Integrated scheduling enables staggered communication, which effectively reduces collisions and increases delivery rate. We use simulations to compare the proposed approach with a non cross-layer approach. Results show an average duty cycle of 0.1% and delivery rate of 95%. With duty cycle 8.7 times lower than LPL, Bailigh offers network lifetime of 5.8 years.