gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of tick-borne enchephalitis virus from Latvia (2000)

Viruses of the tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) antigenic complex, within the family Flaviviridae, cause a variety of diseases including uncomplicated febrile illness, encephalitis, meningo-encephalitis, hemorrhagic fever and chronic disease in humans, domesticated animals or wildlife species. TBE is a serious problem in Latvia with up to a 1,000 patients confirmed serologically annually 1994–1995. No previous data had been reported on the causative agent of TBE in Latvia. In the present study, a virus was isolated from serum of a patient with clinical symptoms of an acute TBE infection. Nucleotide sequence information obtained by direct reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the serological characteristics of the isolated virus strain, designated TBE-Latvia-1-96, indicated a closer relationship to the Vasilchenko strain, isolated in Novosibirsk (Siberia, Russia), as compared to the western European or far eastern subtypes of TBE viruses. In a mouse neurovirulence assay, a significant difference in survival rates (days) was shown between Latvia-1-96 and the western European TBE virus subtype. J. Med. Virol. 60:216–222, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
CWDM multi/demultiplexer consisting of stacked dielectric interference filters and off-axis diffractive lenses (2003)

A compact coarse wavelength-division multi/demultiplexer based on a stack of dielectric interference filters and an array of off-axis diffractive lenses is reported. The prototype optical system was packaged in the volume of 6.4 (width) /spl times/ 2.5 (height) /spl times/ 8.2 mm (depth). The optical system is interfaced via a multichannel connector with single-mode fiber ribbons. Optical insertion losses are better than 5 dB. The worst channel crosstalk was -19 dB.
Highly Sensitive Sandwich Enzyme Immunoassay for Human Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (hTSH) in Serum Using Monoclonal Anti-hTSH β-Subunit IgG1-Coated Polystyrene Balls and Polyclonal Anti-Human Chorinic Gonadotropin Fab′-Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugate (1986)

Abstract A highly sensitive sandwich enzyme immunoassay for human thyroid-stimulating hormone (hTSH) in serum is described. Monoclonal anti-hTSH β-subunit IgG1-coated polystyrene balls were incubated with serum samples and subsequently with polyclonal anti-human chorionic gonadotropin Fab1-horseradish peroxidase conjugate. Neither hTSH nor anti-hTSH serum was required except for a small amount of hTSH as a standard. The detection limit of hTSH was 0.1 nU/tube or 0.005 mU/1 for most serum samples except for those from pregnant women, since there was no cross-reaction with 209 IU/1 of human follicle-stimulating hormone and 439 IU/1 of human luteinizing hormone when 20 μ1 of serum sample was used. Serum hTSH levels in normal subjects and Graves1 disease were 1.22 ± 0.70 (SD) mU/1 (range: 0.26–2.65 mU/1) and 0.080 ± 0.062 (SD) mU/1 (range: < 0.005–0.17 mU/1), respectively.
Magnetoresistance of a domain wall at a submicron junction (2000)

A local magnetoresistance (MR) effect associated with the switching of a coherent spin block confined in a cross-shaped junction of mesoscopic ferromagnetic NiFe wires was probed with the voltage pads attached close (1.5 \ensuremath{\mu}m) to the junction. A positive intrinsic MR effect, i.e., an increase in resistance, associated with local spin noncollinearity, or a 45\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} domain wall, in a 0.5 \ensuremath{\mu}m cross was demonstrated while the anisotropic MR and the Lorentz MR were unambiguously excluded.
1-aza-1,3-enynes in synthesis of substituted 4H-[1,3]thiazino[3,2-a]benzimidazol-4-ols (2011)

Reaction of N-tert-butyl-1-aza-1,3-enynes with symmetrically substituted 2-mercaptobenzimidazoles in water-alcohol solutions afford 4H-[1,3]thiazino[3,2-a]benzimidazol-4-ols. The structure of compounds obtained was proved by the 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction data.
ChemInform Abstract: S(1)‐C(2)‐SECOCEPHEMS (1980)

Abstract Während das Methylenthiazin‐S‐oxid (Ia) mit Methylmagnesiumbromid (IIa) zum Ethylthiazin‐S‐oxid (III) reagiert, führt die Umsetzung der Halogenmethylenderivate (Ib) mit Grignardreagentien (II) hauptsächlich unter Ring‐ Öffnung zu den Acetylenderivaten (IV) und nur teilweise in geringen Mengen zu den Alkylmethylenthiazin‐S‐oxiden (V).
Buy don’t Build – What does that Mean for a Software Developer? (1994)

Abstract The buzz-phrase of the 90's in the petroleum industry has become "Buy, don’t Build". For an end user in an oil company, this generally means acquiring application software rather than developing it internally. For a software developer, either within an oil company or with a software vendor, the concept of "buy don’t build" can apply to software toolkit components and can expedite the development of an application as well as reduce future support requirements. This paper presents several software tools and the process by which they were evaluated for use in a commercial petroleum engineering application (DeskTop VIP). It highlights the tendency in the software development process to underestimate the complexity of the development process, as well as to underestimate the value of the services provided by a software tool. Ultimately, the decision of "buy don’t build" should be an economic decision. As a slogan, it reminds us that whenever one considers building or developing new software, one should also consider the possibility that buying off-the-shelf software could cost less in the long run and bring a product to completion quicker.
Effect of third-order dispersion on passive mode locking (1993)

The effect of third-order dispersion on the width of mode-locked pulses is investigated analytically and numerically. The pulse width increases monotonically with increasing third-order dispersion as a consequence of the symmetric chirp introduced by it. The chirp broadens the bandwidth and lowers the gain. Computer simulations show the appearance of a resonant sideband that also taxes the gain. Reducing the filter bandwidth partially suppresses the sideband and narrows the pulse.
Combined EUV reflectance and X-ray reflectivity data analysis of periodic multilayer structures (2014)

We present a way to analyze the chemical composition of periodical multilayer structures using the simultaneous analysis of grazing incidence hard X-Ray reflectivity (GIXR) and normal incidence extreme ultraviolet reflectance (EUVR). This allows to combine the high sensitivity of GIXR data to layer and interface thicknesses with the sensitivity of EUVR to the layer densities and atomic compositions. This method was applied to the reconstruction of the layered structure of a LaN/B multilayer mirror with 3.5 nm periodicity. We have compared profiles obtained by simultaneous EUVR and GIXR and GIXR-only data analysis, both reconstructed profiles result in a similar description of the layered structure. However, the simultaneous analysis of both EUVR and GIXR by a single algorithm lead to a ∼ 2x increased accuracy of the reconstructed layered model, or a more narrow range of solutions, as compared to the GIXR analysis only. It also explains the inherent difficulty of accurately predicting EUV reflectivity from a GIXR-only analysis.
One-Pot Synthesis of Imidazophenanthridinium Salts (2006)

The synthesis of a new class of heterocyclic aromatic cations by a new method is reported. The imidazophenanthridine intermediate, derived by an ammonolysis, cyclization, and oxidation sequence, is quaternized with a wide range of electrophiles to give the imidazophenanthridi­nium (IP) salts. The IP products show physical properties consistent with stable radical species. The X-ray crystal structure of imidazophenanthridine shows a π-π interaction in the solid state and an increased planarity with electron delocalization over the entire heterocylic framework.
Abstract 17132: Risk Factors for Anthracycline And/or Herceptin-induced Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction (2014)

Introduction: Anthracyclines (ANT) and Herceptin (HER) are known to cause left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction and congestive heart failure (CHF). We aimed to identify the clinical risk factors associated with reduced LV function caused by one or both agents. Methods: We retrospectively examined our electronic records for patients that received ANT and/or HER from 2000-2013 and identified 3253 patients. 2704 were excluded for lack of a follow-up EF assessment (2699) or development of CAD (5) after the start of chemotherapy. Of the remaining 216 patients, 27 (12.5%) had a drop in EF after chemotherapy of &gt;10% to below 50% and 185 (86.6%) did not. Kruskal Wallis test and Fisher exact test were utilized to estimate the difference between groups, and logistic regression model was used to predict a fall in EF. Results: More patients with a fall in EF had hypertension (HTN), hyperlipidemia (HL) and CAD (Table). A higher % of patients with a fall in EF received both HER and ANT as compared to ANT alone (36% vs 9.5% p=0.001). Higher use of liposomal doxorubicin was seen in the group with no reduction in EF. The median (IQR) time difference (days) between start of chemotherapy and reduced EF was 213 (76-761) and the doxorubicin dose in this group was 240 (128.5-254) mg/m2. On multivariate analysis hypertension and use of Herceptin remained independent predictors of EF fall. Conclusion: HTN, HL, CAD and concomitant HER use were univariate predictors of EF decline, while only HTN and HER were independent multivariate predictors. Given the prevalence of reduced EF at follow-up, late assessment of EF is indicated to avoid missing chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity.
Subjectivity and the Self (2007)

One of the most bewildering points that Levinas makes concerns subjectivity and the self. He says that primordially the self or person is passive because it is responsible before anything else. First and foremost, I am summoned and called into question. In Kantian terminology, the self is heteronomous before it is autonomous. It is passive before it is active. Subjectivity is accusation, hostage, obsession, and the like. These features are likely to seem so strange that one can hardly grasp what they mean or even what they might mean. This chapter is our opportunity to discuss them and to show that they are extreme and provocative but not at all as bizarre and unintelligible as they first appear.
Film (2017)

Film geography traces its roots to several key moments in the history of the geographic tradition, but especially the cultural turn and the crisis of representation. The development of this area of specialization during the 1980s and 1990s, a period when geography was turning its attention to the denaturalization of essentialized binaries, has had the effect of slowing film geography's development by interring it in a binary quagmire. We use the real/reel binary, or the ontological argument that film is a representation of reality, as an entry point to key debates around film geography, highlighting the role of hermeneutics, as well as how hermeneutics, working in tandem with a handful of deep‐seated binaries – material and nonmaterial, direct and indirect experience, subject and object – abet the continued and problematic distinction between the real and the reel.
ADCT-402, a PBD dimer–containing antibody drug conjugate targeting CD19-expressing malignancies (2018)

Human CD19 antigen is a 95-kDa type I membrane glycoprotein in the immunoglobulin superfamily whose expression is limited to the various stages of B-cell development and differentiation and is maintained in the majority of B-cell malignancies, including leukemias and non-Hodgkin lymphomas of B-cell origin. Coupled with its differential and favorable expression profile, CD19 has rapid internalization kinetics and is not shed into the circulation, making it an ideal target for the development of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) to treat B-cell malignancies. ADCT-402 (loncastuximab tesirine) is a novel CD19-targeted ADC delivering SG3199, a highly cytotoxic DNA minor groove interstrand crosslinking pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PDB) dimer warhead. It showed potent and highly targeted in vitro cytotoxicity in CD19-expressing human cell lines. ADCT-402 was specifically bound, internalized, and trafficked to lysosomes in CD19-expressing cells and, following release of the PBD warhead, resulted in formation of DNA crosslinks that persisted for 36 hours. Bystander killing of CD19<sup>-</sup> cells by ADCT-402 was also observed. In vivo, single doses of ADCT-402 resulted in highly potent, dose-dependent antitumor activity in several subcutaneous and disseminated human tumor models with marked superiority to comparator ADCs delivering tubulin inhibitors. Dose-dependent DNA crosslinks and γ-H2AX DNA damage response were measured in tumors by 24 hours after single dose administration, whereas matched peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed no evidence of DNA damage. Pharmacokinetic analysis in rat and cynomolgus monkey showed excellent stability and tolerability of ADCT-402 in vivo. Together, these impressive data were used to support the clinical testing of this novel ADC in patients with CD19-expressing B-cell malignancies.
288. Labour-associated changes in human fetal membranes and placental adrenomedullin mRNA expression (2004)

We have recently shown that total adrenomedullin (AdM) concentrations are elevated in choriodecidual and amniotic tissues, but not in placental, in response to human labour at term and pre-term (1). Therefore, the present study was designed to determine whether AdM mRNA expression was increased with labour in term and pre-term samples by using Northern Blot Analysis. Placentas were collected either at elective caesarean section (not-in-labour, NIL), after normal vaginal deliveries and at caesarean section during labour (in-labour, IL) from women with singleton pregnancies at term (&amp;gt;36 weeks gestation, 39.2 ± 0.2) or pre-term (between 24 to 36 weeks gestation, 32 ± 0.4), but with otherwise uneventful antenatal courses. There were significant labour-induced increases in AdM mRNA expressions in amnion and choriodecidua in both groups, pre-term and term (see table in PDF file). No difference was found in those who had vaginal deliveries with those who had caesarean sections after the commencement of labour at pre-term. Amongst term samples in labour all subjects were delivered vaginally uneventfully, except two cases where forceps were used in the third stage of labour. AdM mRNA levels are increased in association with both term and pre-term labour, both in amnion and choriodecidua. We postulate that increased production of AdM by fetal membranes in association with labour may be involved in fetal and/or maternal adaptations to labour. For example, AdM may compensate for local-acting vasoconstrictor substances that are increased during labour, or it may act on the fetal lung in preparation for extra-uterine life. (1) Al-Ghafra A, Gude NM, Brennecke SP, King RG (2003) Labour-associated changes in adrenomedullin content in human placenta and fetal membranes. Clin. Sci. 105, 419–423.
Abstract 033: Understanding Diagnostic Factors Predicting Negative Coronary Angiography in Patients With Suspected Ischemic Heart Disease: Can We Prevent the Cost of Unnecessary Procedures? (2017)

Background: Low risk patients with suspected coronary ischemic syndrome (CIS) undergo hospital procedures despite unclear benefit. False negative evaluations can contribute to unnecessary testing that increases cost. This analysis stratified the likelihood of non-obstructive disease at time of coronary angiography (CA) to determine predictors of a negative study and assessed subsequent costs resulting from negative CA. Methods: 564 coronary angiograms were performed during 2013 at a single institution. Patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, multiple angiograms, or a clear non-CIS indication for CA (i.e. pre valve surgery) were excluded. 171 patients were included for retrospective chart review and categorized by age, race, gender, body mass index, blood pressure, chest pain quality, biomarker elevation, electrocardiographic findings, and clinical features that include hypertension, lipid status, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, psychiatric disease and substance abuse. These data were then analyzed by univariate assessment and logistic regression models for the multivariate predictors of factors associated with negative CA. Cost analysis was performed using a consumer based average cost database and direct hospital laboratory expense data. Results: Of the 171 patients studied, nearly half (47%) did not have obstructive coronary artery disease. The adjusted odds of negative CA were significantly elevated, in order of predictability, with the absence of chest pain (odds ratio (OR) 7.28, p = 0.0004), atypical chest pain (OR 7.13, p &lt; 0.0001), African American race (OR 4.87, p = 0.0033), no diabetes (OR 4.25, p = 0.0026), female gender (OR 3.70, p = 0.0038), normal Troponin-I level (OR 3.16, p = 0.0208), no hyperlipidemia (OR 2.96, p = 0.0107), and low troponin level 0.033 - 0.1 ng/mL (OR 2.96, p = 0.0025). The total cost of negative CA was $749,088, or $9,363 per patient. Total avoidable direct catheterization laboratory expense was $251,000, or $3,137 per patient. Conclusion: In the evaluation of CIS, a large number of patients that undergo CA have no evidence of obstructive disease. Further study of characteristics that predict the absence of obstructive disease would help reduce the frequency and substantial cost of unnecessary invasive procedures.
Automatic test bench generation for validation of RT-level descriptions (2000)

Article Automatic test bench generation for validation of RT-level descriptions: an industrial experience Share on Authors: F. Corno Politecnico di Torino, Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica, Torino, Italy Politecnico di Torino, Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica, Torino, ItalyView Profile , M. Sonza Reorda Politecnico di Torino, Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica, Torino, Italy Politecnico di Torino, Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica, Torino, ItalyView Profile , G. Squillero Politecnico di Torino, Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica, Torino, Italy Politecnico di Torino, Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica, Torino, ItalyView Profile , A. Manzone Centro Ricerche FIAT, Sistemi Elettronici, Progettazione HW, Orbassano (TO), Italy Centro Ricerche FIAT, Sistemi Elettronici, Progettazione HW, Orbassano (TO), ItalyView Profile , A. Pincetti Centro Ricerche FIAT, Sistemi Elettronici, Progettazione HW, Orbassano (TO), Italy Centro Ricerche FIAT, Sistemi Elettronici, Progettazione HW, Orbassano (TO), ItalyView Profile Authors Info & Claims DATE '00: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in EuropeJanuary 2000 Pages 385–389https://doi.org/10.1145/343647.343802Online:01 January 2000Publication History 16citation340DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations16Total Downloads340Last 12 Months3Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Viral hepatitis: Some reflections on a personal journey (2009)

The pathway to understanding a new field is often more fraught with issues than it appears from later accounts. The series of coincidences that led to my involvement in the field of viral hepatitis and the circuitous pathway leading to the development of the first hepatitis A vaccine is described from a personal perspective.
High-efficiency Phase-hologram Gratings (1970)

Optimum conditions for the generation of high-efficiency hologram gratings are presented. The most efficient phase holograms were obtained for exposures 10 to 20 times larger than those for optimally exposed amplitude holograms. Hologram gratings produced on Agfa Gevaert 8 E 70 recording plates diffracted 40 percent of the incident radiation into the holographic image. This experimentally obtained efficiency is 60 percent of the theoretical maximum for a hologram with a geometric parameter Q of 4.6.
Heterogeneity in Polymer Latices: Detection by Zonal Centrifugation (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHeterogeneity in Polymer Latices: Detection by Zonal CentrifugationJose Machado Moita Neto, Andre Luiz Herzog Cardoso, Ana Paula Testa, and Fernando GalembeckCite this: Langmuir 1994, 10, 7, 2095–2099Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00019a014https://doi.org/10.1021/la00019a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views75Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Toxic effect of the peroxidase-hydrogen peroxide-halide antimicrobial system on Mycobacterium leprae (1984)

Mycobacterium leprae are killed by myeloperoxidase (or eosinophil peroxidase), H2O2, and a halide, thus suggesting a mechanism for their destruction by peroxidase-containing phagocytes.
Use of atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry in enantioselective liquid chromatography (2001)

Recent advances in mass spectrometry have rendered it an attractive and versatile tool in industrial and academic research laboratories. As a part of this rapid growth, a considerable body of literature has been devoted to the application of mass spectrometry in studies involving enantioselectivity, molecular recognition, and supramolecular chemistry. In concert with separation techniques such as capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry allows rapid characterization of a large array of molecules in complex mixtures. A majority of these findings have been made possible by the introduction of 'soft-ionization' techniques such as electrospray ionization interface. Other techniques such as atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry have been widely used as a rugged interface for quantitative liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Herein, we present a brief overview of the above techniques accompanied with several examples of enantioselective capillary electrophoresis- and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in drug discovery and development. Although the emphasis of this article is on quantitative enantiomeric chromatography-mass spectrometry, we envisage that similar strategies are adaptable in qualitative studies.