gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Defining the overlap between sporadic and attenuated familial adenoma risk (2011)

Background Mutations in the APC gene lead to Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and an attenuated form of this condition (AFAP). Based on previous work with mutation-verified patients from a large AFAP kindred, we showed that AFAP patients may be under-diagnosed, in the absence of a genetic diagnosis. For example, for patients between 30 and 79 years of age, 28% had fewer than 10 adenomas; 22% had fewer than 6 adenomas, and 7% had no polyps. Therefore, depending on the number of adenomas considered more consistent with sporadic, rather than a familial predisposition, and the availability or lack of known family history, up to ~25% of mutation-carrying AFAP patients may be missed in clinical practice. We sought to address this challenge by profiling mutation-independent adenoma formation among the mutation-negative carriers in this kindred. Methods Careful endoscopic evaluation of the AFAP cases has been previously reported, and these data were used for the mutation-positive individuals. The Utah Population Database (UPDB) includes Utah genealogies linked with medical records serving 85% of the Utah population. The database was queried for all descendents of known mutation-negative branche so f this large kindred who had undergone colonoscopy procedures between 1995 and 2009. The queries collected data on age, gender, polyp type, pathology and cancer diagnoses, and were verified by manual review of randomly selected cases. Multiple logistic regression allowed us to characterize the relative risk of a mutation, based on the adenoma profile of mutation carriers vs. non-carriers and additional covariates. Results A total of 135 colonoscopy records were collected and reviewed for 65 individuals who subsequently tested negative for the family mutation, at a median age of 51 (standard deviation of 16 years) and average pathologyconfirmed adenoma count of 0.25 (mode = 0) at first colonoscopy. For patients between 30 and 79 years of age, 5% had 2 or more adenomas; 17% had a single adenoma, and 79% had no adenomas. Additional comparable data were available on 130 individuals from negative branches of the kindred, who underwent colonoscopy between 1995 and 2009. Conclusions The combination of a long-running study with archived records and a large, electronically searchable medical database with a linked genealogical resource offers a powerful platform for the development of hypothesisdriven research. This resource may be used to address both clinical and research questions whose answers may be used to guide clinical management. Disclosure and funding There are no financial interests to disclose. This research was funded by NIH grants P01CA073992 (RWB); the Utah Population Database and the Huntsman Cancer Foundation.
11C‐Labeling: Intracyclic Incorporation of Carbon‐11 into Heterocycles (2019)

Labeling of heterocycles with carbon‐11 is generally performed through peripheral functionalizations and more scarcely inside heterocyclic core. Such less common approach usually requires preliminary multi‐step synthesis of reactive species. Herein, a cyclization reaction by direct use of cyclotron‐produced [ 11 C]CO 2 is described to obtain various heterocycles intracyclically labeled in only 10 minutes.
Gauge-equivariant flow models for sampling in lattice field theories with pseudofermions (2022)

This work presents gauge-equivariant architectures for flow-based sampling in fermionic lattice field theories using pseudofermions as stochastic estimators for the fermionic determinant. This is the default approach in state-of-the-art lattice field theory calculations, making this development critical to the practical application of flow models to theories such as QCD. Methods by which flow-based sampling approaches can be improved via standard techniques such as even/odd preconditioning and the Hasenbusch factorization are also outlined. Numerical demonstrations in two-dimensional U(1) and SU(3) gauge theories with ${N}_{f}=2$ flavors of fermions are provided.
Color Atlas and Synopsis of Cardiovascular MR and CT (2013)

Interpret, Diagnose, and Treat with this Case-Based Atlas of Cardiac Images. It includes dvd with video segments of abnormal readings. Color Atlas and Synopsis of Cardiovascular MR & CT does more than help you interpret cardiac and vascular CT and MR images - it also provides valuable guidance on the diagnosis and management of patients undergoing those tests. Presented in a concise, easy-to-read design that is perfect for busy clinicians, the book features a comprehensive collection of more than 360 cardiac images and includes coverage of normal anatomy, radiographic anatomy, indications, contraindications, interpretations, and patient management. To add real-world clinical relevance, each topic includes case scenarios keyed to state-of-the-art illustrations. Many chapters open with a concise yet informative introduction, and each chapter concludes with references for further study. Color Atlas and Synopsis of Cardiovascular MR & CT opens with informative chapters on the fundamentals of cardiovascular magnetic resonance and the basics of coronary and cardiovascular computed tomography. Topics include: Ischemic Myocardial Disease; Coronary Artery Disease; Acquired Nonischemic Myocardial Disease; Genetic Myocardial Disease; Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Valvular Heart Disease; The Aorta Congenital Heart Disease; Cardiac Masses Pericardial Disease; and Pulmonary Hypertension.
History of fixed-dose combination therapy for hypertension (1997)

The excellent historical perspective on fixed-dose combination therapies for hypertension by Epstein and Bakris<sup>1</sup>did not include discussion of the earliest combination medications for hypertension. Their article misstated that fixed-dose combinations have always included a diuretic as a component until the release of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor—calcium antagonist combination this year. A look even further back in history reveals the earlier existence of several nondiuretic combination medications that illustrate the very principles used to justify the resurging interest in combination antihypertensives. Reserpine and other rauwolfia derivatives were offered in fixed-dose combination with a variety of medications during the 1950s, before diuretics were even approved for the treatment of hypertension. The combination of rauwolfia and veratrum (a parasympathomimetic agent) was marketed as Verapene, a medication that enhances antihypertensive efficacy but avoids side effects by reducing the dose of the component antihypertensives.<sup>2</sup>In an era when anxiety and hypertension were
Clinical Characteristics and Suggested Diagnostic Criteria of Obliterative Otitis Media (2012)

Received February 8, 2012 Revised April 4, 2012 Accepted April 4, 2012 Address for correspondence Yang Sun Cho, MD Department of OtorhinolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, 50 Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Korea Tel +82-2-3410-3578 Fax +82-2-3410-3879 E-mail yscho@skku.edu Background and ObjectivesZZObliterative otitis media is a condition in which the entire middle ear cavity is filled up with fibrous tissue and with intact tympanic membrane. The aim of this study was to define the clinical features and analyze the treatment outcomes of this disease. Subjects and MethodZZBetween January 2000 and August 2011, 16 patients consistent with the criteria of obliterative otitis media were analyzed retrospectively. ResultsZZAll patients had intact but thickened eardrum, with mixed hearing loss of mild to moderate degree. The video pneumatic otoscopic examination revealed very limited mobility of eardrum. Myringotomy did not reveal any air-filled spaces or fluid in the tympanic cavity. There was no significant improvement of hearing after myringotomy or ventilation tube insertion. ConclusionZZObliterative otitis media is a discrete clinical entity and should not be confused with otitis media with effusion or adhesive otitis media. Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2012;55:278-83
Early Development of Functional Spatial Maps in the Zebrafish Olfactory Bulb (2005)

In the adult olfactory bulb (OB), particular chemical classes of odorants preferentially activate glomeruli within loosely defined regions, resulting in a coarse and fractured "chemotopic" map. In zebrafish, amino acids and bile acids predominantly stimulate glomeruli in the lateral and medial OB, respectively. We studied the development of these spatial response maps in zebrafish. At 3 d postfertilization (dpf), the OB contained protoglomerular structures that became refined and more numerous during subsequent days. In a transgenic zebrafish line expressing the Ca2+ indicator protein inverse pericam, mainly in mitral cells, odor responses in the OB were first detected at 2.5-3 dpf. Already at this stage, amino acids and bile acids evoked activity predominantly in the lateral and medial OB, respectively. Two-photon Ca2+ imaging using a synthetic indicator was used to reconstruct activity patterns at higher resolution in three dimensions. Responses to amino acids and bile acids were detected predominantly in the lateral and medial OB, respectively, with little overlap. Between 2.5 and 6 dpf, the number of odor-responsive units increased, but the overall spatial organization of activity persisted. Hence, a coarse spatial organization of functional activity maps is established very early during OB development when glomeruli are not yet differentiated. This spatial organization is maintained during development and growth of neuronal circuits and may have important functions for odor processing in larvae, for the differentiation of glomeruli, and for the refinement of activity maps at later developmental stages.
<title>Computer vision and airport security</title> (1993)

Research and development are in progress in signal processing for explosive detection for airport security. The recent advancements in real-time computer vision, however, will provide possibilities of far more new and innovative ways to augment airport's human security force. For example, a computer vision system with real-time object tracking capability can monitor the behavior of large groups of people, computers can keep detailed records of the flow of people through certain areas, allowing security personnel to predict and quickly respond to crowd or isolation situations, as well as identifying potential suspects through suspicious movement patterns. Further, such a system would enable airport security officers to accurately monitor a particular suspect's movements within the airport, relayed from camera to camera, without alerting him to their observation or diverting manpower from other areas. Computerized face recognition and facial expression extraction are other actively researched areas in computer vision that have potential for airport security applications. I present an overview of the state-of-the-art computer vision research than can have relevance to airport security, and discuss how they can be applied and what aspects of that technology need to be researched further before they can be put into practical application.© (1993) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Über kationische Kohlenoxidkomplexe, V. Reaktionsweisen von Mangan(I)‐Kohlenoxidkomplexen mit Carbonylmetallaten (1964)

Abstract Mangan(I)‐Kohlenoxidkomplexe bilden mit Carbonylmetallaten z. T. recht beständige „Carbonylsalze”︁ entsprechend den Umsetzungen (L = CO, P(C 6 H 5 ) 3 , 1/2 o ‐ Phenanthrolin; M = V, Mn, Fe, Co; L′ = CO, NO, P(C 6 H 5 ) 3 ). — In einigen Fällen findet im System Carbonylkation/ Carbonylmetallat Redoxreaktion zu zweikernigen Carbonylen, speziell zu gemischten Mangan‐kobalt‐carbonylen wie (CO) 5 MnCo(CO) 4 und (C 12 H 8 N 2 )(CO) 3 MnCo(CO) 4 statt. Das heterogene anion [Co(CO) 3 P(C 6 H 5 ) 3 ]⊖ tauscht in Lösung bei Anwesenheit von Mangan(I)‐Kohlenoxidkomplexen den Phosphinliganden gegen Kohlenoxid aus. IR‐Spektren und Struktur der Verbindungen werden diskutiert.
Design and implementation of a cooperative collision warning system (2006)

Collision warning systems (CWSs) are becoming an important part of vehicle active safety. Commercial CWSs using radar, lidar, and camera have been available on the market. Another emerging trend in the development of CWS is based on the cooperative driving concept, where either the vehicle or the infrastructure can communicate its location, intention or other information to surrounding vehicles or nearby infrastructure. Since installing a lower-cost Global Positioning System (GPS) unit is becoming a common practice in vehicle applications, its implications in cooperative driving and vehicle safety deserve a closer investigation. This paper explores the feasibility of a cooperative CWS based on the proposed future-trajectory-based design, which estimates and communicates vehicle positions, and predicts and processes future trajectories for collision decision making. An exemplary system has been developed and the feasibility of the proposed design has been demonstrated with experimental data
Lipopolysaccharides prime whole human blood and isolated neutrophils for the increased synthesis of 5-lipoxygenase products by enhancing arachidonic acid availability: involvement of the CD14 antigen. (1993)

Stimulation of heparinized blood with 1 microM formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) resulted in the formation of < 30 pmol/ml plasma of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) products. The preincubation of blood with 1 microgram/ml of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (Escherichia coli 0111-B4) for 30 min before stimulation with FMLP resulted in the accumulation of 250-300 pmol of 5-LO products per ml plasma. The major products detected were leukotriene B4 and (5S)-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid which were produced in equivalent amounts. The priming activity was detectable with as little as 1-10 ng LPS per ml blood and was optimal using 1-10 micrograms LPS/ml blood. The priming for 5-LO product synthesis was optimal after 20-30 min of preincubation with LPS and declined at preincubation times > 30 min. The priming effect of LPS was also observed using the complement fragment C5a or interleukin 8 as agonists. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells accounted for 80 and 20% of the synthesis of 5-LO products, respectively. The ability of LPS to prime isolated PMN was dependent on the presence of plasma and was inhibited by the anti-CD14 antibody IOM2, indicating a CD14-dependent priming mechanism. The priming of whole blood with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and LPS was additive and the presence of mononuclear cells did not enhance the ability of LPS to prime PMN, indicating that the priming activity of LPS is independent of LPS-induced TNF-alpha synthesis. The mechanism by which LPS enhance 5-LO product synthesis in PMN was investigated. Treatment of PMN with LPS strongly enhanced the release of arachidonic acid after stimulation with FMLP. The release of arachidonic acid was optimal 2-3 min after stimulation with FMLP, attaining levels 5-15-fold greater than those observed in unprimed cells stimulated with FMLP. These results demonstrate that LPS dramatically increases the ability of blood to generate 5-LO products, and support the putative role of leukotrienes in pathological states involving LPS.
Comment on ‘‘Parity violation and superconductivity in two-dimensional correlated electronic systems’’ (1992)

A Comment on the Letter by P. B. Wiegmann, Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 2070 (1990).Received 16 April 1991DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.68.724©1992 American Physical Society
Analysis of an Optical Fiber Coherent System Immune to Polarization Fluctuations Using Adaptive Detection (2010)

The light polarization fluctuations strongly affect the performance of coherent optical communication systems due to the fact that to recover the information contained in the phase of the signal beam, it is necessary to have interference with a reference beam. In the present work, a simple system based on the use of an optical fiber interferometer and two adaptive photodetectors, which is immune to polarization fluctuations provoked by the fiber in both signal and reference beams, is theoretically analyzed. In such study, two models of the optical fiber, the first with just one linear retarder and another more complex with an additional circular retarder, were used. The results for linearly polarized light in the Y axis direction showed that digital signal transmission received by the adaptive system is immune to polarization fluctuations (in both signal and reference beams) in a wide range of ellipticity and rotation variations. In particular, if TTL logic is used, a maximum fluctuation of 60% with respect to the maximum of the output signal would be allowed to transmit the information correctly, in this case, ellipticity and rotation variations could be up to <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex Notation="TeX">${\pm}30^{\circ}$</tex></formula> .
Passive optical networks based on optical CDMA： Design and system analysis (2007)

在这篇论文，一个新奇被动光网络基于光代码 DivisionMultiple 存取(OCDMA-PON ) 被介绍。光行终止者(OLT ) 和为 OCDMA-PON 的光网络单位(ONU ) 的设计详细被学习。建议 OCDMA-PON 联合技术和它能在需求上与全套服务被用于一个光存取网络的 PON 和 OCDMA 的优点，例如因特网协议，需求上的录像，电视存在和高质量的声音。比作另外的多重存取技术，建议 OCDMA-PON 为 PON 灵活地提供更多的 ONU 和汇编。我们详细分析可伸缩性和如此的一个网络的系统传播性能。模拟结果显示建议计划是可行的并且新奇设计能改进可伸缩性和光存取网络的传播性能。
Ein Kraut gegen Staatsschulden (2012)

WSI-Mitteilungen , Seite 252 - 252
Practical Use of Infliximab Concentration Monitoring in Pediatric Crohn Disease (2015)

TDM in our pediatric population with CD led to informed clinical decisions and improved rates of clinical remission.
Detailed Impulse Generation Mechanisms in the Laser-Driven In-Tube Accelerator (2005)

In this paper, we will report recent results of LITA 25 experiments, which include framing schlieren visualization and streak spectroscopy. The processes of laser energy absorption, laser plasma and blast wave generation, and their interactions are clearly observed.
Cell-Surface Major Glycoprotein of BALB/c Mouse Plasmacytoma 58-8 Cells2 (1978)

Journal Article Cell-Surface Major Glycoprotein of BALB/c Mouse Plasmacytoma 58-8 Cells Get access Haruhiko Tokuyama, Haruhiko Tokuyama 4 3Department of Molecular Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Japan. 4Address reprint requests to Dr. Tokuyama at his present address: Department of Immunology Research, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, 666 Elm St., Buffalo, N.Y. 14263 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Shunsuke Migita Shunsuke Migita 3Department of Molecular Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Japan. 5We are grateful to Dr. Shunnosuke Sakai, Dr. Osami Daimaru, and Dr. Yukio Kaneko, Department of Molecular Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, for their discussions and support. We also thank Dr. Nobuyuki Tanigaki, Department of Immunology Research, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, for constructive criticism and editorial assistance. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 61, Issue 1, July 1978, Pages 203–208, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/61.1.203 Published: 01 July 1978 Article history Received: 07 October 1977 Accepted: 15 January 1978 Published: 01 July 1978
T Cell Antigen Receptor Engagement and Specificity in the Recognition of Stress-Inducible MHC Class I-Related Chains by Human Epithelial γδ T Cells (2002)

Human gamma delta T cells with the TCR variable region V(delta)1 occur mainly in epithelia and respond to stress-induced expression of the MHC class I-related chains A and B, which have no function in Ag presentation. MIC function as ligands for NKG2D-DAP10, an activating receptor complex that triggers NK cells, costimulates CD8 alpha beta and V(gamma)9V(delta)2 gamma delta T cells, and is required for stimulation of V(delta)1 gamma delta T cells. It is unresolved, however, whether triggering of V(delta)1 gamma delta TCRs is also mediated by MIC or by unidentified cell surface components. Soluble MICA tetramers were used as a binding reagent to demonstrate specific interactions with various V(delta)1 gamma delta TCRs expressed on transfectants of a T cell line selected for lack of NKG2D. Tetramer binding was restricted to TCRs derived from responder T cell clones classified as reactive against a broad range of MIC-expressing target cells and was abrogated when TCRs were composed of mismatched gamma- and delta-chains. These results and the inability of V(delta)1 gamma delta T cells to respond to target cells expressing the ULBP/N2DL ligands of NKG2D, which are highly divergent from MIC, indicate that MIC delivers both the TCR-dependent signal 1 and the NKG2D-dependent costimulatory signal 2. This dual function may serve to prevent erroneous gamma delta T cell activation by cross-reactive cell surface determinants.
A Novel Stress-Associated Protein ‘AtSAP10’ from Arabidopsis thaliana Confers Tolerance to Nickel, Manganese, Zinc, and High Temperature Stress (2011)

We describe here the functional characterization of a novel AtSAP10, a member of the Stress Associated Protein (SAP) gene family, from Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Columbia. AtSAP10 contains an A20 and AN1 zinc-finger domain at the N- and C-terminal, respectively. Arabidopsis SAP10 showed differential regulation by various abiotic stresses such as heavy metals and metalloids (Ni, Cd, Mn, Zn, and As), high and low temperatures, cold, and ABA. Overexpression of AtSAP10 in Arabidopsis conferred strong tolerance to heavy metals such as Ni, Mn, and Zn and to high temperature stress. AtSAP10 transgenic plants under these stress conditions grew green and healthy, attained several-fold more biomass, and had longer roots as compared to wild type plants. Further, while these transgenic plants accumulated significantly greater amounts of Ni and Mn in both shoots and root tissues, there was no significant difference in the accumulation of Zn. AtSAP10 promoter-GUS fusion studies revealed a root and floral organ-specific expression of AtSAP10. Overexpression of AtSAP10-GFP fusion protein showed the localization in both nucleus and cytoplasm. Taken together, these results showed that AtSAP10 is a potentially useful candidate gene for engineering tolerance to heavy metals and to abiotic stress in cultivated plants.
Supplementary Figures S1-S2 from Longitudinal Investigation of Permeability and Distribution of Macromolecules in Mouse Malignant Transformation Using PET (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures S1-S2.&lt;/p&gt;
A Statistical Tolerance Analysis Method for Feature in Non-Normal Distribution (2010)

The tolerance analysis of an assembly is an important issue for mechanical design. Among many tolerance analysis methods, the conventional statistical tolerance analysis method is the most popular one. However, the conventional statistical tolerance analysis method is based on the normal distribution. It fails to predict the resultant tolerance of an assembly with features in non-normal distributions. In this paper, the distributions of features are transferred into statistical moments first. Then, the tolerance stack-up can be handled based on these moments. Finally, the computed resultant moments can be mapped back to probability distribution to find the resultant tolerance specification of the assembly. Two examples are used to demonstrate the proposed method. Compared to the resultants by Monte Carlo simulation with 1,000,000 samples, the predicted resultant tolerance specifications by this method are only −0.868% and 0.799% differences. The predicted resultant tolerances of this method are fast and accurate.