gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fully single crystal silicon resonators with deep-submicron dry-etched transducer gaps (2004)

This paper reports on fully single crystal silicon (SCS) micromechanical resonators with deep-submicron vertical capacitive gaps. The microresonators are fabricated on low resistivity silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates and have SCS resonating structure and transducers. The deep-submicron high aspect-ratio transducer gaps are created through a novel processing technique that uses low-cost micron-resolution optical lithography. The mask features defining the width of the transducer gaps are created in a self-aligned manner by the thickness of a deposited sacrificial polysilicon layer, and the gaps are dry-etched using the Bosch process. High aspect ratio (/spl sim/20:1) trenches with width as small as 130 nm have been obtained using the Bosch process. Single crystal silicon capacitive beam resonators with frequencies up to 16 MHz and transducer gaps as small as 200 nm have been successfully fabricated and characterized.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hollow Al2O3 Microfibers for Thermal Insulation Materials (2018)

Abstract Hollow Al2O3 microfibers were successfully synthesized via a novel hydrothermal method using cotton fiber as a template followed by annealing. The hollow Al2O3 microfibers annealed at 1200 °C for 5 h contained no impurity phases, and the Al2O3 composing the microfibers was confirmed to exhibit the trigonal unit cell of α-Al2O3 with R$\bar{3}$c space-group symmetry. The synthesized hollow Al2O3 microfibers were 5–15 µm in diameter, with walls 500–800 nm thick; the walls were composed of Al2O3 primary particles 100–200 nm in diameter. The specific heat capacity of the synthesized hollow Al2O3 microfibers was approximately the same as that reported in the literature for α-Al2O3. In addition, the annealing temperature of the hollow Al2O3 microfibers was studied to elucidate their mechanism of formation. The chemical and physical properties of the synthesized hollow Al2O3 microfibers indicate that they can be used as a thermal insulation material.
The intervening sequence excised from the ribosomal RNA precursor ofTetrahymenacontains a 5′-terminal guanosine residue not encoded by the DNA (1982)

The ribosomal RNA precursor of Tetrahymena thermophila contains a 0.4 kilobase intervening sequence that is excised as a linear RNA molecule ("IVS RNA") and subsequently cyclized. In vitro transcription in isolated nuclei was used to accumulate the IVS RNA labeled at its 5' end was subjected to sequencing gel analysis and terminal nucleotide analysis. In addition, uniformly labeled IVS RNA was cleaved with RNAase T1, and the resulting oligonucleotides were studied by two-dimensional fingerprinting. The IVS RNA was found to be a unique molecule with no discernible terminal heterogeneity. The 5'-terminal nucleotide is a guanosine that is not present at the corresponding point in the DNA sequence, determined by N. Kan and J. Gall (see adjoining paper). This nucleotide is added to the IVS during splicing [Cech, Zaug, and Grabowski (1981) Cell 27, 487-496]. Based on the sequences near the ends of the RNA, the remainder of the RNA sequence is colinear with that of the DNA. The IVS RNA has 5'-monophosphate and 3'-hydroxyl termini. Comparison of these results to those obtained previously for yeast tRNA intervening sequences leads us to conclude that the splicing mechanisms are fundamentally different for these two classes of transcripts.
Stereoselective Total Synthesis of (-)-(6R,11R,14R)-Colletallol via RCM Protocol (2009)

Key words (-)-colletallol - ring-closing metathesis (RCM) - Grubbs II catalyst - Jacobsen’s hydrolytic kinetic resolution (HKR)
Three New Families With Perry Syndrome From Distinct Parts Of The World- Novel Mutation And Successful Treatment Attempt Of Respiratory Insufficiency (P3.086) (2014)

OBJECTIVE: Perry syndrome is a rapidly progressive autosomal dominant disorder with Parkinsonism, depression, weight loss, and central hypoventilation. BACKGROUND: So far five mutations in 11 families have been observed: G71R, G71E, G71A, T72P, and Q74P located in exon 2 of the dynactin 1 (DCTN1) gene on chromosome 2p13.1. In functional assays, all of them altered microtubule binding. DESIGN/METHODS: Genealogical, clinical, genetic, and functional studies were performed on three families from Colombia, New Zealand, and the USA. A diaphragmatic pacemaker was implanted in the Colombian family proband to treat her respiratory insufficiency. Dopaminergic therapy was initiated in the majority of the patients. RESULTS: In addition to three available probands, 14 symptomatic relatives from the three families were identified. The cardinal signs of Perry syndrome were present in all three probands with symptomatic disease onset in their sixth decade of life. Parkinsonian signs were mild to moderate with a poor response to dopaminergic treatment. All affected family relatives including the probands from the New Zealand and US families died of respiratory insufficiency. In the Colombian and US families the G71R mutation was identified, whereas in the New Zealand family a novel Y78C mutation was discovered, which also altered microtubule binding. The proband from the Colombian family is alive most likely due to early diagnosis and implantation of a diaphragmatic pacemaker. Follow-up examinations over the period of two years have revealed good function of the diaphragmatic pacemaker without any major complications. The patient has displayed a high grade of independence in her everyday life. CONCLUSIONS: Perry syndrome is a rare condition, but new cases will likely continue to emerge worldwide. Early diagnosis may prevent life-threatening acute respiratory failure. Diaphragmatic pacemakers should be considered as a safe and effective symptomatic treatment option. Parkinsonian features, although always present, may not be disabling. Study Supported by: NINDS P50NS072187, and NS078086, Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine, Gerstner Family Career Development Award, and Max Kade Foundation.
O teste imunoenzimático elisa no líquido pericárdico: novo método para o diagnóstico post-mortem da doença de Chagas (1987)

Realizou-se o teste imunoenzimático ELISA, paralelamente à reação de imunofluorescência, para a detecção de anticorpos antí-Trypanosoma cruzi, em 137 amostras de líquidos pericárdicos humanos, colhidos na necropsia. Os resultados foram cotejados com os achados anatomopatológicos. Observou-se que: (1) os dois testes foram positivos em 30 casos e negativos em 105; (2) o teste ELISA foipositivo em 2 casos nos quais a immofluorescència revelou-se negativa; num desses casos, havia sinais morfológicos de doença de Chagas; (3) a média geométrica dos títulos obtidos com o teste ELISA foi significativamente maior que a da imunofluorescência; (4) o índice de concordância entre os dois testes apresentou o valor de 0,985. O presente relato parece-nos inédito quanto ao uso do teste imunoenzimático no líquidoperícárdicopara o diagnóstico post- mortem da doença de Chagas.
Removal of Interferon Inhibitor Factor by Plasmapheresis Predicts Response to Interferon Treatment in Multiple Sclerosis Patients (1995)

Journal of Immunotherapy with Emphasis on Tumor Immunology: February 1995 - Volume 17 - Issue 2 - p 118
Restauración digital de la fotografía: un concepto erróneo (2003)

RESUMEN El autor, que lleva 30 años en el mundo de la fotografía, dedicado tanto a las actividades de investigación en este medio, como a la práctica del mismo y a la docencia, reflexiona en este artículo acerca de un concepto que ha aparecido últimamente, el de la denominada restauración digital. Para ello, en un primer paso, se basa en las acepciones de los términos que figuran en los diccionarios. Seguidamente da un repaso a los conceptos de restauración, que se remontan al siglo XIX, y concluye trazando un breve bosquejo sobre los planteamientos internacionales en la actualidad. Finalmente, demuestra que el concepto de restauración digital, tal y como está planteado, es erróneo y propone
Cerebellar Contributions to Motor Timing: A PET Study of Auditory and Visual Rhythm Reproduction (1998)

The perception and production of temporal patterns, or rhythms, is important for both music and speech. However, the way in which the human brain achieves accurate timing of perceptual input and motor output is as yet little understood. Central control of both motor timing and perceptual timing across modalities has been linked to both the cerebellum and the basal ganglia (BG). The present study was designed to test the hypothesized central control of temporal processing and to examine the roles of the cerebellum, BG, and sensory association areas. In this positron emission tomography (PET) activation paradigm, subjects reproduced rhythms of increasing temporal complexity that were presented separately in the auditory and visual modalities. The results provide support for a supramodal contribution of the lateral cerebellar cortex and cerebellar vermis to the production of a timed motor response, particularly when it is complex and/or novel. The results also give partial support to the involvement of BG structures in motor timing, although this may be more directly related to implementation of the motor response than to timing per se. Finally, sensory association areas and the ventrolateral frontal cortex were found to be involved in modality-specific encoding and retrieval of the temporal stimuli. Taken together, these results point to the participation of a number of neural structures in the production of a timed motor response from an external stimulus. The role of the cerebellum in timing is conceptualized not as a clock or counter but simply as the structure that provides the necessary circuitry for the sensory system to extract temporal information and for the motor system to learn to produce a precisely timed response.
A Novel Optical Fibre Methane Sensor (1987)

This paper describes a novel fibre optic methane sensor which has several advantages over previously published fibre optic techniques. It is based on a scanning Fabry Perot etalon filter and is self-referencing, requiring only a single optical sensing path and photodetector. A laboratory version of the sensor, employing a white light source, has been constructed and tested, and was found to be capable of detecting 0.25% by volume methane in air, with a response time of approximately 1.5 seconds.
Serelaxin and the AT2 Receptor Agonist CGP42112 Evoked a Similar, Nonadditive, Cardiac Antifibrotic Effect in High Salt-Fed Mice That Were Refractory to Candesartan Cilexetil (2020)

Fibrosis is involved in the majority of cardiovascular diseases and is a key contributor to end-organ dysfunction. In the current study, the antifibrotic effects of recombinant human relaxin-2 (serelaxin; RLX) and/or the AT<sub>2</sub>R agonist CGP42112 (CGP) were compared with those of the established AT<sub>1</sub>R antagonist, candesartan cilexetil (CAND), in a high salt-induced cardiac fibrosis model. High salt (HS; 5%) for 8 weeks did not increase systolic blood pressure in male FVB/N mice, but CAND treatment alone significantly reduced systolic blood pressure from HS-induced levels. HS significantly increased cardiac interstitial fibrosis, which was reduced by either RLX and/or CGP, which were not additive under the current experimental conditions, while CAND failed to reduce HS-induced cardiac fibrosis. The antifibrotic effects induced by RLX and/or CGP were associated with reduced myofibroblast differentiation. Additionally, all treatments inhibited the HS-induced elevation in tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1, together with trends for increased MMP-13 expression, that collectively would favor collagen degradation. Furthermore, these antifibrotic effects were associated with reduced cardiac inflammation. Collectively, these results highlight that either RXFP1 or AT<sub>2</sub>R stimulation represents novel therapeutic strategies to target fibrotic conditions, particularly in HS states that may be refractory to AT<sub>1</sub>R blockade.
Linear Precoder Performance for Massive MIMO Systems in near LOS Environments: Application to mmWave Transmission (2015)

International audience
Longitudinal association between ß-amyloid accumulation and cognitive decline in cognitively healthy older adults: A systematic review (2023)

This systematic review examined the longitudinal association between amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation and cognitive decline in cognitively healthy adults. It was conducted using the PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, and Web of Science databases. The methodological quality of the selected articles was assessed. In fine, seventeen longitudinal clinical studies were included in this review. A minority (seven out of 17) of studies reported a statistically significant association or prediction of cognitive decline with Aβ change, measured by positron emission tomography (PET; n = 6) and lumbar puncture (n = 1), with a mean follow-up duration of 3.17 years for cognition and 2.99 years for Aβ. The studies reporting significant results with PET found differences in the frontal, posterior cingular, lateral parietal and global (whole brain) cortices as well as in the precuneus. Significant associations were found with episodic memory (n = 6) and global cognition (n = 1). Five of the seven studies using a composite cognitive score found significant results. A quality assessment revealed widespread methodological biases, such as failure to report or account for loss-to follow up and missing data, and failure to report <i>p</i>-values and effect sizes of non-significant results. Overall, the longitudinal association between Aβ accumulation and cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer's disease remains unclear. The discrepancy in results between studies may be explained in part by the choice of neuroimaging technique used to measure Aβ change, the duration of longitudinal studies, the heterogeneity of the healthy preclinical population, and importantly, the use of a composite score to capture cognitive changes with increased sensitivity. More longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are needed to elucidate this relationship.
Brain myo-inositol level is elevated in Ts65Dn mouse and reduced after lithium treatment (2000)

The segmental trisomy Ts65Dn mouse is a novel model of Down syndrome (DS). The purpose of this study was to measure brain levels of myo-inositol (ml), N-acetylaspartate (NAA), and other metabolites in Ts65Dn mice using in vivo 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and to determine whether lithium (Li) treatment alters brain ml level. The ratio of ml over total creatine (Cr), ml/Cr, was significantly elevated (mean change +38%), while NAA/Cr was significantly decreased (mean change -18%) in Ts65Dn mice (n=5) compared with control mice (n= 7). This is consistent with 1H MRS findings in DS human adults. Brain ml/Cr of the entire sample group (n= 12) was reduced (mean change -15%) following Li treatment, supporting the Li-induced ml depletion hypothesis.
Direct liquefaction of low-rank coal. Quarterly technical progress report, January 1--March 31, 1995 (1995)

A multistep direct liquefaction process specifically aimed at low-rank coals (LRCs) has been developed at the Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC). The process consists of a preconversion treatment to prepare the coal for solubilization, solubilization of the coal in the solvent, and polishing using a phenolic solvent or solvent blend to complete solubilization of the remaining material. The product of these three steps can then be upgraded during a traditional hydrogenation step. This project addresses two research questions necessary for the further development and scaleup of this process: (1) determination of the recyclability of the solvent used during solubilization and (2) determination of the minimum severity required for effective hydrotreatment of the liquid product. The project involves two tasks, the first consisting of ten recycle tests and the second consisting of twelve hydrotreatment tests performed at various conditions. Activities performed during this quarter are discussed.
Development and Experimental Validation of a Combined FBG Force and OCT Distance Sensing Needle for Robot-Assisted Retinal Vein Cannulation (2018)

Retinal Vein Occlusion is a common retinal vascular disorder which can cause severe loss of vision. Retinal vein cannulation followed by injection of an anti-coagulant into the affected vein is a promising treatment. However, given the scale and fragility of the surgical workfield, this procedure is considered too high-risk to perform manually. A first successful robot-assisted procedure has been demonstrated. Even though successful, the procedure remains extremely challenging. This paper aims at providing a solution for the limited perception of instrument-tissue interaction forces as well as depth estimation during retinal vein cannulation. The development of a novel combined force and distance sensing cannulation needle relying on Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) A-scan technology is reported. The design, the manufacturing process, the calibration method, and the experimental characterization of the produced sensor are discussed. The functionality of the combined sensing modalities and the real-time distance estimation algorithm are validated respectively on in-vitro and ex-vivo models.
Versatile Synthesis of Pentalene Derivatives via the Pd-Catalyzed Homocoupling of Haloenynes (2009)

A palladium-catalyzed, reductive homocoupling of haloenynes yields a diverse range of polysubstituted pentalene derivatives, including annulated dibenzopentalenes and dithienylpentalenes.
Improvements of predictive power of B-type natriuretic peptide on admission by mathematically estimating its discharge levels in hospitalised patients with acute heart failure (2021)

UMIN 000034409, 00035428.
Non-destructive detection of highway hidden layer defects using a ground-penetrating radar and adaptive particle swarm support vector machine (2021)

In this paper, a method that uses a ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and the adaptive particle swarm support vector machine (SVM) method is proposed for detecting and recognizing hidden layer defects in highways. Three common road features, namely cracks, voids, and subsidence, were collected using ground-penetrating imaging. Image segmentation was performed on acquired images. Original features were extracted from thresholded binary images and were compressed using the kl algorithm. The SVM classification algorithm was used for condition classification. For parameter optimization of the SVM algorithm, the grid search method and particle swarm optimization algorithm were used. The recognition rate using the grid search method was 88.333%; the PSO approach often yielded local maxima, and the recognition rate was 86.667%; the improved adaptive PSO algorithm avoided local maxima and increased the recognition rate to 91.667%.
Endocannabinoid Metabolism in the Absence of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH):  Discovery of Phosphorylcholine Derivatives of N-Acyl Ethanolamines (2006)

Lipid transmitters are tightly regulated by a balance of biosynthetic and degradative enzymes. Termination of the activity of the N-acyl ethanolamine (NAE) class of lipid-signaling molecules, including the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA), is principally mediated by the integral membrane enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) in vivo. FAAH(-/-) mice are highly sensitized to the pharmacological effects of AEA; however, these animals eventually recover from AEA treatment, implying the existence of alternative routes for NAE metabolism. Here, we have pursued the characterization of these pathways by profiling the metabolome of FAAH(-/-) mice treated with AEA. Multiple AEA-induced metabolites were observed in brains from FAAH(-/-) mice, including a major product with a mass shift of +165 Da (m/z 513). The structure of this product was determined to be O-phosphorylcholine (PC)-AEA. Analysis of untreated mice identified PC-NAEs as endogenous constituents of the central nervous system (CNS) that were highly elevated in FAAH(-/-) animals. PC-NAEs were very poor substrates for FAAH; however, a vanadate-sensitive enzymatic activity was detected in brain membranes that converted PC-NAEs back to their parent NAEs. The choline-specific phosphodiesterase NPP6 was identified as a candidate enzyme responsible for this activity. These data indicate the presence of a complete metabolic pathway for the production and degradation of PC-NAEs in the CNS that constitutes an alternative route for endocannabinoid metabolism.
Analysis of gas permeability of porous alumina powder compacts (2013)

Gas permeation of alumina powder compacts with different porosity, pore size and grain size was examined at room temperature for Ar, N2, H2 and CO2 gases. The flux of Ar, N2 and CO2 gases with Knudsen numbers of 0.4–1.3 was measured above a threshold pressure difference between inlet and outlet gases, and then linearly increased with an increase in applied pressure. The H2 gas with Knudsen numbers of 1.1–2.6 showed a relatively large flux at near 0 MPa/m of pressure gradient and increased linearly with an increase in the pressure gradient. The measured gas permeability coefficients for Ar, N2 and CO2 gases were the same order as the calculated permeability coefficients based on the modified Poiseuille equation (viscous flow) and Knudsen flow equation, suggesting the mixed flow mechanisms. The slope of flux–pressure gradient plot for H2 gas permeation was also in agreement with the calculated permeability coefficients by the modified Poiseuille equation. The H2 gas flow near 0 MPa/m of pressure gradient was characterized by surface diffusion of H2 molecules adsorbed on the pore walls of alumina compacts. It is possible to separate H2 gas from the other gases at room temperature in the pressure gradient range lower than the threshold pressure for N2, Ar or CO2 gas.
Improved processability of electrospun poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid] through blending with medium-chain length poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) produced byPseudomonas putidafrom oleic acid (2014)

Polyhydroxyalkanoates are bacterial biopolyesters having good biocompatibility and biodegradability. Poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid] is the least expensive/costly and most easily available member of this family. However, poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid] is very brittle because of its high crystallinity. Its poor processability poses limitations on its application. Blending of this material with another amorphous flexible polymer has been a common practice. In this research, we have improved the properties of poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid] through blending with a palm oil-based medium-chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate. Solution blending was carried out at four different ratios to produce electrospun fibres. As expected, the addition of medium-chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate has reduced the brittleness of poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid], through reducing the crystallinity. In addition, it has enabled the reduction of the diameter of the electrospun fibres and shifted it from micrometre towards nanometres, which can improve its porosity and permeability to make it a potential material in biomedical applications.