gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Cu-T in Paschim Midnapur district of West Bengal, India: An appraisal (2014)

As a part of its commitment towards provision of quality spacing services in family planning, the Government of India introduced Cu-T 380A in 2002 with an effective protection for 10 years replacing the earlier Cu-T 200B. In India, the use of the intrauterine device (IUD) is very low among married women of reproductive age, despite the fact that the Government offers IUD (Cu-T) services free of cost. The aim of the study was to assess the current status of intrauterine contraceptive device (Copper-T) utilization and to determine the relevant factors influencing utilization by currently married women of the reproductive age. The community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in 3 Blocks and 2 Municipality areas of the West Midnapur district in West Bengal. A multistage random sampling method was carried out to select villages of sub-center areas and wards from Municipality areas. A total of 16 areas were selected for the purpose of the study; 125 eligible couples from each selected area were interviewed by a house-to-house survey in order to cover 2000 eligible couples throughout the district. Only females were the respondents. It was found that 67.4% of the couples admitted to the use of any method of contraception. The Couple Protection Rate (by modern method) was found to be 62.6% in the study area. However, it was demonstrated that Cu-T acceptance rate was only 1.3%. Ligation (38.8 %) contributed the highest  other methods included: oral contraceptive pill (19.4%), condom (3%), vasectomy (0.1%) and others (4.8%). The ever use rate of intrauterine contraceptive device (Cu-T/loop) in the study area was 6.2%, which increased significantly with the advancement of maternal age, but no association was found with literacy status of the respondents. Lack of motivation (48.4%), misconception (14%), unawareness (11.3%) unwillingness (9.3%) and religious/cultural barrier (2.4%) were the major factors for underutilization/non-utilization as elicited from the present study. Advocacy through mass media and sustenance of behavior change communication also needed for higher IUD utilization in both rural and urban area. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v3i2.20036 South East Asian Journal of Public Health Vol.3(2) 2013: 30-34
Cytochrome P450 2D6 status predicts breast cancer relapse in women receiving adjuvant tamoxifen (Tam) (2006)

504 Background: CYP2D6 genetic variants and concurrent administration of potent inhibitors (Inh) of the enzyme markedly reduce the plasma concentrations of endoxifen (Jin. JNCI 2005;97:30–9). We have shown that genetic variation in CYP2D6 is associated with a higher risk of relapse in Tam treated patients (pts) (Goetz. JCO 2005;23:9312–18), but the impact of CYP2D6 inhibition on Tam clinical outcome is unknown. Methods: Using the North Central Cancer Treatment Group 89–30–52 adjuvant Tam trial (1989–1994), we evaluated the effect of co-administration of CYP2D6 Inh and CYP2D6*4 genotype on relapse in pts receiving tam alone. Patient charts were reviewed at each randomizing site to record the following known CYP2D6 Inh: fluoxetine (F), paroxetine (P), sertraline (S), cimetidine (C), amiodarone (A), doxepin (D), ticlopidine (T) and haloperidol (H). Poor metabolizers (PM) were defined as pts who were CYP2D6 *4/*4 and/or known to receive a CYP2D6 Inh. Intermediate metabolizers (IM) were defined as WT/*4 without CYP2D6 Inh, and extensive metabolizers (EM) as WT/WT without CYP2D6 Inh. The association between CYP2D6 status and Tam clinical outcome was determined using the log-rank test. Multivariate Cox modeling was performed using traditional prognostic factors. Results: CYP2D6*4 genotype was obtained in 190 of 256 eligible pts, with a CYP2D6*4/*4 genotype frequency of 6.8% as described previously (Goetz JCO 2005). Medication history was available in 171/256 eligible pts and in 143/190 pts with CYP2D6 genotype. Eleven of 173 patients were concomitantly administered these CYP2D6 Inh: F(2), P(2), S(2), H(1), C(4), and D(1). The median duration of use was 2.5 yrs. Twenty-four pts met criteria for PM [13 by *4/*4 genotype and 11 by CYP2D6 Inh (7 WT/WT, 1 WT/*4, and 3 unknown genotype)], 21 for IM, and 102 for EM. Compared with either IM or EM, PMs had significantly worse time to recurrence and disease free survival in both the univariate (HR 2.5, p=0.02; and 2.2, p=0.01) and multivariate (HR 2.7, p=0.01; and HR 2.2 p=.02) analyses utilizing tumor size, nodal status, and tumor grade. Conclusion: Our data indicate that CYP2D6 status can be used to identify pts who should receive tam therapy and tam treated pts should not be co-administered potent CYP2D6 inhibitors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Effects of Ionizing Radiation and Long-Term Storage on Hydrated vs. Dried Cell Samples of Extremophilic Microorganisms (2022)

A main factor hampering life in space is represented by high atomic number nuclei and energy (HZE) ions that constitute about 1% of the galactic cosmic rays. In the frame of the "STARLIFE" project, we accessed the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator (HIMAC) facility of the National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) in Chiba, Japan. By means of this facility, the extremophilic species <i>Haloterrigena hispanica</i> and <i>Parageobacillus thermantarcticus</i> were irradiated with high LET ions (i.e., Fe, Ar, and He ions) at doses corresponding to long permanence in the space environment. The survivability of HZE-treated cells depended upon either the storage time and the hydration state during irradiation; indeed, dry samples were shown to be more resistant than hydrated ones. With particular regard to spores of the species <i>P. thermantarcticus</i>, they were the most resistant to irradiation in a water medium: an analysis of the changes in their biochemical fingerprinting during irradiation showed that, below the survivability threshold, the spores undergo to a germination-like process, while for higher doses, inactivation takes place as a consequence of the concomitant release of the core's content and a loss of integrity of the main cellular components. Overall, the results reported here suggest that the selected extremophilic microorganisms could serve as biological model for space simulation and/or real space condition exposure, since they showed good resistance to ionizing radiation exposure and were able to resume cellular growth after long-term storage.
MEDU-25. THE EFFECTS OF CRANIAL RADIOTHERAPY-INDUCED VASCULAR INJURY ON BRAIN TISSUE STRUCTURE AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN CHILDREN WITH MEDULLOBLASTOMA (2017)

INTRODUCTION: Cranial radiation therapy (CRT) remains an integral role in the treatment of pediatric medulloblastomas, despite its association with significant long-term effects including CRT-induced vascular injury and cognitive impairments. Manifestation of CRT-induced vascular injury including size-varying hemosiderin deposits in the form of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), and changes in white matter integrity and cortical thickness can be detected with MRI as early as 8 months following treatment. Although vascular injuries have been previously related to cognitive decline in stroke and dementia, the underlying mechanisms driving these and CRT-associated cognitive deficits remain unclear. As current treatment strategies are improving the prognosis for children with medulloblastoma, identifying a link between CRT-induced injury and cognition is an important consideration for this group in determining the impact of treatment on development. METHODS: Ten pediatric medulloblastoma patients (age:10–24 years) treated with uniform, whole-supratentorial brain CRT 0.75–15 years prior, and 5 nonirradiated control patients (age:14–23 years) with posterior fossa tumors were scanned on a 7-Tesla system. High resolution T1-weighted anatomical and susceptibility-weighted vascular imaging were acquired along with multi-directional, multi-shell diffusion tensor imaging. A computerized cognitive battery (Cogstate) was employed to assess multiple domains of cognitive function. The spatial distribution of CRT-induced vascular injury was related to white-matter and cortical integrity, cognitive performance, and connectivity within cerebral networks. RESULTS: Patients in the control group did not develop any CMBs. The majority of CMBs in irradiated children were located in the frontal lobe. The level of injury was associated with deficits initially in working- and then in visual-memory as a function of time since CRT and poorer connectivity. CONCLUSIONS: This work suggests that certain brain regions may be more sensitive to CRT and CMB formation, although the down stream effects on brain structure and function may be more global, and is currently being validated in a larger cohort.
BOOMERanG: a scanning telescope for 10 arcminutes resolution CMB maps (1999)

The BOOMERanG experiment is a stratospheric balloon telescope intended to measure the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropy at angular scales between a few degrees and ten arcminutes. The experiment features a wide focal plane with 16 detectors in the frequency bands centered at 90, 150, 220, 400 GHz, with FWHM ranging between 18 and 10 arcmin. It will be flown on a long duration (7–14 days) flight circumnavigating Antarctica at the end of 1998. The instrument was flown with a reduced focal plane (6 detectors, 90 and 150 GHz bands, 25 to 15 arcmin FWHM) on a qualification flight from Texas, in August 1997. A wide (∼300 deg2, i.e. about 5000 independent beams at 150 GHz) sky area was mapped in the constellations of Capricornus, Aquarius, Cetus, with very low foreground contamination. The instrument was calibrated using the CMB dipole and observations of Jupiter. The LDB version of the instrument has been qualified and shipped to Antarctica.
Covariance Trees for 2D and 3D Processing (2014)

Gaussian Mixture Models have become one of the major tools in modern statistical image processing, and allowed performance breakthroughs in patch-based image denoising and restoration problems. Nevertheless, their adoption level was kept relatively low because of the computational cost associated to learning such models on large image databases. This work provides a flexible and generic tool for dealing with such models without the computational penalty or parameter tuning difficulties associated to a naïve implementation of GMM-based image restoration tasks. It does so by organising the data manifold in a hirerachical multiscale structure (the Covariance Tree) that can be queried at various scale levels around any point in feature-space. We start by explaining how to construct a Covariance Tree from a subset of the input data, how to enrich its statistics from a larger set in a streaming process, and how to query it efficiently, at any scale. We then demonstrate its usefulness on several applications, including non-local image filtering, data-driven denoising, reconstruction from random samples and surface modeling from unorganized 3D points sets.
Magdalena de Santiago Fuentes Soto : enseñar a leer es encender el fuego (2004)

Inteligente e intuitiva, fuerte y sensible, afectuosa y exigente: quienes la conocieron destacan la seriedad del proceso de aprendizaje que proponia y la calidad humana en su manera de orientarlo. Aborrecia la rutina y el memorismo, frente a los que siempre tenia un estimulo interesante y grato.
ChemInform Abstract: Vibrational Optical Activity of Oligopeptides (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
What's all the FUS? (2002)

My business is elastic waves, but elastic waves are only one class of mechanical wave motion. There are acoustic waves, flexure waves in rods and plates, gravity waves on the surface of fluids, and many others.
Operational Compatibility Of CMOS Circuits in Electromechanical Telephone System Noise Environments (1974)

A problem exists in selecting an appropriate logic family and generating application rules to be used in the design of an electronic sub-system which will operate reliably in noisy electromagnetic environments. A typical subsystem must store, control and sense the status of high voltage relays. It must meet two conflicting requirements: 1) high speed access by a CPU 2) immunity to relay noise We evaluated the relative merits of the HTL, TTL,'PMOS and CMOS technologies for an application with such requirements. HTL and PMOS were rejected primarily because of the insufficient number of available functions, second sourced by different vendors and high power requirements. The TTL family provided both a large number of functions, which simplified logic design, and the high switching speed required by the CPU interface. Because its noise immunity imposed severe wiring restrictions and its high power dissipation penalized the system packaging, TTL proved uneconomical. CMOS provided the best combination of properties. Its low power dissipation and the high number of available second sourced functions permitted high packaging density. Its switching speed was adequate to meet the CPU interface requirements, while its noise immunity was sufficient to withstand relay noise.. However, CMOS has two disadvantages which must be considered: 1) Non-uniform output impedance which causes a) noise immunity variation amongst function types b) some wiring restrictions due to crosstalk c) variation in current drive between function types 2) Switching speed degradation which results from a) output capacitive load (due to both gate input and wiring capacitance) b) input transition time c) power supply voltage variations CMOS will provide reliable and economical system operation in severe electromagnetic noise environments if all its properties are identified and considered during logic implementation and circuit design.
Novel expression pattern of a new member of the MIP-1 family of cytokine-like genes. (1991)

Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) specifically induces the growth of myeloid progenitors and their maturation into neutrophils and macrophages. We have identified a series of previously uncharacterized hematopoietic-specific mRNAs that are expressed in myelopoietic mouse bone marrow cultures stimulated by GM-CSF. One of these messages, C10, encodes a new member of the family of cytokine-like genes related to macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1). Members of this family are all induced by one or more stimuli related to inflammation, wound repair, or immune response. In contrast, C10 mRNA showed little or no accumulation in response to such activating agents and was greatly reduced on activation of a T-cell line. On the other hand, C10 mRNA, unlike MIP-1, was acutely stimulated during the first day of bone marrow culture in GM-CSF, and it was also strongly elevated during the induction of neutrophilic differentiation of 32D cl3 cells by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. The implications of this unusual expression pattern are discussed.
The Thermally Stable Silylene Si[{N(CH2But)}2C6H4-1,2]:  Reactivity toward CO Double Bonds (1997)

Treatment of the [abbreviated as Si(NN)] with RR‘CO (R = R‘ = Ph, R = Me and R‘ = But, or R = R‘ = adamantanyl) yielded the corresponding an oxasilacyclopropane, as a formal [2+1] cycloaddition product, is believed to be the intermediate. The reaction of 1 with benzophenone at 60 °C afforded a 2:1 = CH2But) 8, for which a multistep mechanism is proposed. The [4+1] cycloaddition of 1 with PhCHCHC(R)O or PhC(O)C(O)Ph gave the (9, R = Ph; 10, R = Me) or the X-ray structures for compound 2 and 8 are provided.
De novo Robertsonian D/D type translocations: the Leuven experience (1989)

In this paper we report a de novo 13/14 Robertsonian type translocation with apparent loss of band 14q11 in a mentally retarded, blind 24-year-old male. The findings in 10 other patients with a de novo Robertsonian D/D type translocation diagnosed in this center are reviewed.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Analogues of Metal Acetylacetonates: Bis(1,2,6,7‐tetracyano‐3,5‐diimino‐3,5‐dihydropyrrolizinido)metal(II) (Metal: Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn). Crystal Structure of the Copper Compound. (1989)

Abstract The metal‐free anion of (III) cannot be obtained since attempts to demetalate the complexes result in formation of (I).
NOVEL MUTATION IN THE SLC19A2 GENE IN THIAMINE-RESPONSIVE MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA (ROGERS’ SYNDROME) (2012)

Introduction: The Thiamine Transporter gene SLC19A2 is the only gene known to be associated with TRMA.  This syndrome is a trial clinical characterized by megaloblastic anemia, nonautoimmune diabetes mellitus and sensory-neural hearing loss. Methods: Described here are three children from consanguineous Iranian families with thiamine – responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA) or Rogers' syndrome. Case one and two were siblings of healthy first-cousin parents and case three from a healthy second-cousin couple. These cases presented with hyperglycemia, anemia, and hearing loss. Thiamine reversed the anemia and there was a satisfactory response for the hyperglycemia as well. Results: In all three patients, direct sequencing revealed a homozygous  mutation c.38 G>A (P.E.128K) resulting in the substitution of  glutamic  acid to lysine at position 128 in exon 2  of  the SLC19A2 gene on  chromosome 1q23.3. This novel mutation was confirmed by the PCR RFLP assay of more than 100 control alleles. Conclusion: TRMA or Rogers' syndrome should be considered for patients with diabetes (DM) and other symptoms, including hearing loss and anemia. Early diagnosis can assist families in planning future pregnancies. The administration of thiamine ameliorates the megaloblastic anemic condition and produces a better response in DM.
Antioxidant Properties of Adzuki Beans, and Quality Characteristics of Sediment according to Cultivated Methods (2016)

재배방법에 따라 팥의 항산화 성분과 항산화 활성의 차이를 조사하고, 생산된 팥에 대해 앙금을 제조하여 품질특성을 분석하고자 하였다. 총 polyphenol 및 flavonoid 함량은 재배방법에 따라 유의적인 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났으며(p<0.05), DPPH 및 ABTS radical 소거활성 또한 재배방법에 따라 유의적인 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났고, 다른 품종에 비해 홍언이 높았다. 충주팥, 홍언 및 아라리의 습물중 앙금 수율은 각각 296.64~339.01, 271.36~282.24 및 268.21~292.32%, 건물중앙금 수율은 각각 71.68~85.41, 77.90~85.19 및 74.15~78.65%로 재배방법에 따라 유의적인 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타냈다(p<0.05). 습물 및 건물 앙금의 명도는 충주팥과 아라리는 약간의 유의적인 차이를 보였으나(p<0.05), 홍언은 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았고, 적색도와 황색도는 재배방법에 따라 유의적인 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 평균입자 직경은 충주팥, 홍언 및 아라리가 각각 66.21~98.80, 61.62~97.07 및 <TEX>$82.96{\sim}106.71{\mu}m$</TEX>로 재배방법별로 유의적인 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 앙금의 미세구조는 타원형 모양의 입자로 세포막과 단백질이 둘러싸서 표면이 거친 것을 볼 수 있다. 수분결합력, 용해도 및 팽윤력 또한 재배방법에 따라 유의적인 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). We evaluated the antioxidant properties of adzuki beans and the quality characteristics of sediment using various cultivation methods. There were significant differences in total polyphenol and flavonoid contents in beans grown using different methods of cultivation (p<0.05). Also, DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging activities were significantly different depending on cultivation method (p<0.05). The sediment yield before drying of Chungju-pat, Hongeon, and Arari was 296.64~339.01, 271.36~282.24, and 268.21~292.32%, respectively, and the sediment yield after drying was 71.68~85.41, 77.90~85.19, and 74.15~78.65%, respectively. The L-value of Chungju-pat and Arari sediments revealed a significant difference given different cultivation methods (p<0.05), but Hongeon sediment did not show a significant difference. There was a significant difference in the a- and b-value of adzuki bean sediments cultivated using different methods (p<0.05). The particle size of Chungju-pat, Hongeon, and Arari sediments was 66.21~98.80, 61.62~97.07, and <TEX>$82.96{\sim}106.71{\mu}m$</TEX>, respectively, and all were significantly different depending on cultivation method (p<0.05). There were also significant differences in the water absorption index, water solubility index, and swelling power when different cultivation methods were used (p<0.05).
The potential for Bayesian compressive sensing to significantly reduce electron dose in high-resolution STEM images (2013)

The use of high-resolution imaging methods in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is limited in many cases by the sensitivity of the sample to the beam and the onset of electron beam damage (for example, in the study of organic systems, in tomography and during in situ experiments). To demonstrate that alternative strategies for image acquisition can help alleviate this beam damage issue, here we apply compressive sensing via Bayesian dictionary learning to high-resolution STEM images. These computational algorithms have been applied to a set of images with a reduced number of sampled pixels in the image. For a reduction in the number of pixels down to 5% of the original image, the algorithms can recover the original image from the reduced data set. We show that this approach is valid for both atomic-resolution images and nanometer-resolution studies, such as those that might be used in tomography datasets, by applying the method to images of strontium titanate and zeolites. As STEM images are acquired pixel by pixel while the beam is scanned over the surface of the sample, these postacquisition manipulations of the images can, in principle, be directly implemented as a low-dose acquisition method with no change in the electron optics or the alignment of the microscope itself.
Unsupervised Deep Learning Methods for Biological Image Reconstruction and Enhancement: An overview from a signal processing perspective (2022)

Recently, deep learning approaches have become the main research frontier for biological image reconstruction and enhancement problems thanks to their high performance, along with their ultra-fast inference times. However, due to the difficulty of obtaining matched reference data for supervised learning, there has been increasing interest in unsupervised learning approaches that do not need paired reference data. In particular, self-supervised learning and generative models have been successfully used for various biological imaging applications. In this paper, we overview these approaches from a coherent perspective in the context of classical inverse problems, and discuss their applications to biological imaging, including electron, fluorescence and deconvolution microscopy, optical diffraction tomography and functional neuroimaging.
Community-based randomized controlled trial of reduced osmolarity oral rehydration solution in acute childhood diarrhea (1999)

Reduced osmolarity ORS was as efficacious as standard ORS. Non-breast-fed children treated with reduced osmolarity ORS had significantly shorter diarrheal episodes and a tendency toward lower stool frequency. These findings may be of importance, especially in developing countries where early weaning is common.