gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interaction of a glucocorticoid‐responsive element with regulatory sequences in the promoter region of the mouse tyrosine hydroxylase gene (2001)

The purpose of the work reported here was to determine whether the tyrosine hydroxylase glucocorticoid-responsive element (TH-GRE) interacts with the cyclic AMP pathway and the CRE in regulating mouse TH promoter activity, and whether an additional, previously identified downstream GRE-like element also participates in the function of the TH-GRE and CRE. To determine the role of the cAMP pathway on TH-GRE function, we compared the effects of forskolin and dexamethasone on TH mRNA, TH gene transcription and TH promoter activity in a mutant PC12 cell line (A126-1B2) deficient in cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) with their effects in the wild-type parental strain. Forskolin treatment increased TH mRNA content, transcriptional activity and the activity of a chimeric gene with 3.6 kb of the TH promoter in wild-type cells, but not in PKA-deficient cells. In contrast, dexamethasone treatment stimulated equivalent increases in TH mRNA, TH gene transcription and TH promoter activity in each cell type. Mutation of the CRE in chimeric constructs containing 3.6 kb of the 5' flanking sequence of the mouse TH gene or coexpression of a dominant-negative mutant of CREB prevented the stimulation of TH promoter activity by forskolin. However, neither the mutation of the CRE nor inhibition of CREB influenced basal or dexamethasone-stimulated promoter activity. Site-directed mutagenesis of the TH-GRE eliminated the response of the promoter to dexamethasone. However, the mutagenesis of a more proximal 15-bp region with a GRE-like sequence had no demonstrable effect on the ability of dexamethasone to stimulate TH promoter activity. Neither mutagenesis of the TH-GRE or the downstream GRE-like sequence had an effect on the ability of forskolin to activate this chimeric gene. Taken together, these results provide evidence that a single GRE is sufficient for maximal induction of transcriptional activity by glucocorticoids and that the CRE is not required for either partial or full activity of this upstream GRE sequence.
Effect of increased electric loads on primary substation equipment in 100-B, C, D, DR, F, and H areas (1956)

The loading on the primary transformers which step down the 230 kv transmission voltage to a distribution voltage of 13.8 kv, at 100-B-C, 100-D-DR, 100-F, and 100-H Areas will be increased by the synchronous motors now being installed in those areas under Project CG-558. This report summarizes: The changes in electric loads (both kv and power factor) which will result when the new motors are placed in service and certain older motors are withdrawn from service. Electric loads are tabulated in section 4.0 for each area for present conditions, the planned changes and the post-CG-558 conditions. The reduction of distribution voltage during the starting of individual 4500 hp synchronous motors. Since the synchronous motors will be started across the line as induction motors, the starting current will be high, and at a low power factor. Voltage drops are calculated for the starting of a synchronous motor, with one and then with two transformer banks paralleled. The current-interrupting capacity of switchgear vs. the maximum short-circuit current which could occur with separate transformers and with two primary transformers in parallel.
Baseline radiomics features and MYC rearrangement status predict progression in aggressive B-cell lymphoma (2022)

We investigated whether the outcome prediction of patients with aggressive B-cell lymphoma can be improved by combining clinical, molecular genotype, and radiomics features. MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 rearrangements were assessed using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Seventeen radiomics features were extracted from the baseline positron emission tomography-computed tomography of 323 patients, which included maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), SUVpeak, SUVmean, metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis, and 12 dissemination features pertaining to distance, differences in uptake and volume between lesions, respectively. Logistic regression with backward feature selection was used to predict progression after 2 years. The predictive value of (1) International Prognostic Index (IPI); (2) IPI plus MYC; (3) IPI, MYC, and MTV; (4) radiomics; and (5) MYC plus radiomics models were tested using the cross-validated area under the curve (CV-AUC) and positive predictive values (PPVs). IPI yielded a CV-AUC of 0.65 ± 0.07 with a PPV of 29.6%. The IPI plus MYC model yielded a CV-AUC of 0.68 ± 0.08. IPI, MYC, and MTV yielded a CV-AUC of 0.74 ± 0.08. The highest model performance of the radiomics model was observed for MTV combined with the maximum distance between the largest lesion and another lesion, the maximum difference in SUVpeak between 2 lesions, and the sum of distances between all lesions, yielding an improved CV-AUC of 0.77 ± 0.07. The same radiomics features were retained when adding MYC (CV-AUC, 0.77 ± 0.07). PPV was highest for the MYC plus radiomics model (50.0%) and increased by 20% compared with the IPI (29.6%). Adding radiomics features improved model performance and PPV and can, therefore, aid in identifying poor prognosis patients.
Understanding meteor burst communications technologies (2004)

Seeking to realize the potential of a reemergent communications capability.
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Penetrates the Basement Membrane in Human Nasal Respiratory Mucosa (2011)

This human explant model can be used to study virus-mucosa interactions and viral mucosal invasion mechanisms. Using this model, our results provide a novel insight into the HSV1 stromal invasion mechanism and for the first time directly demonstrate that HSV1 can penetrate the basement membrane.
Exonic mutations and exon skipping: Lessons learned from DFNA5 (2017)

Dysregulation of splicing is a common factor underlying many inherited diseases including deafness. For one deafness-associated gene, DFNA5, perturbation of exon 8 splicing results in a constitutively active truncated protein. To date, only intronic mutations have been reported to cause exon 8 skipping in patients with DFNA5-related deafness. In five families with postlingual progressive autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss, we employed two next-generation sequencing platforms-OtoSCOPE and whole exome sequencing-followed by variant filtering and prioritization based on both minor allele frequency and functional consequence using a customized bioinformatics pipeline to identify three novel and two recurrent mutations in DFNA5 that segregated with hearing loss in these families. The three novel mutations are all missense variants within exon 8 that are predicted computationally to decrease splicing efficiency or abolish it completely. We confirmed their functional impact in vitro using mini-genes carrying each mutant DFNA5 exon 8. In so doing, we present the first exonic mutations in DFNA5 to cause deafness, expand the mutational spectrum of DFNA5-related hearing loss, and highlight the importance of assessing the effect of coding variants on splicing.
Accelerating scientific computing applications with reconfigurable hardware (2006)

With recent technological advances, it has become possible to use reconfigurable hardware to accelerate scientific computing applications. There has been a resulting development of reconfigurable computers that have microprocessors, reconfigurable hardware, and high-performance interconnect. We address several aspects of accelerating scientific computing applications with reconfigurable hardware and reconfigurable computers. 
Because there is no native support on reconfigurable hardware for the floating-point arithmetic needed by many scientific computing applications, we introduce a library of double-precision floating-point cores and analyze the effects on performance of the degree of pipelining and the implemented features of IEEE standard 754. Scientific computing applications may spend a large amount of time evaluating arithmetic expressions. Hence, we present area-efficient designs for arithmetic expression evaluation that hide the pipeline latencies of floating-point cores. These designs use at most two cores for each type of operator in the expression and have better area and throughput properties than designs generated by a state-of-the-art hardware compiler for FPGAs. Experiments show that for 64- and 1024-input expressions, area increases linearly with the number of types of operators. 
Implementing a design on a reconfigurable computer can be diffficult and is not guaranteed to give a speed-up. We thus formulate hierarchical architectural and performance models for reconfigurable computers that facilitate performance prediction early in the design process. The performance model has errors of 5% to 13% in our work in accelerating molecular dynamics. A hierarchical programming model for developing and modeling implementations of scientific computing applications on reconfigurable computers is also provided. 
To demonstrate acceleration of a complete scientific computing application, we study molecular dynamics on reconfigurable computers. We investigate single-node, shifted-force simulations; single-node, particle-mesh-Ewald simulations; and multinode, shifted-force simulations. We attain 2x to 3x speed-ups over state-of-the-art microprocessors through a hardware/software approach in which the most intensive task executes on reconfigurable hardware and the rest of the tasks execute on the microprocessor. In the particle-mesh-Ewald simulation, we exploit parallelism between the microprocessor and the reconfigurable hardware. For the multi-node, shifted-force simulations, we show that a cluster of accelerated nodes has about the same performance as a cluster of twice as many unaccelerated nodes.
Dissociated Language Functions: A Matter of Atypical Language Lateralization or Cerebral Plasticity? (2013)

<b>Background and Study Aims</b> The left hemisphere is generally considered to harbor language functions. Atypical cortical language lateralization is mainly demonstrated in left-handed and ambidextrous individuals, whereas dissociated language functions have been reported in association with brain injuries as a part of the reorganization process. We present a thoughtful discussion on the underlying mechanisms of dissociated language functions through an illustrative case of dissociated expressive language. <b>Case Report</b> A 31-year-old left-handed woman presented with a recurrent left frontal glioma. Preoperative language functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) panel revealed right-sided dominance for two different language tasks (verbal fluency and visual naming), and the word chain task demonstrated maximal activation in the left hemisphere at the posterior margin of the tumor. The patient was operated on awake to assess language functions intraoperatively. Preoperative fMRI findings were confirmed revealing a task-specific dissociation of expressive language functions. Surgical resection was taken to the functional boundaries. Postoperatively, no language dysfunction occurred. <b>Conclusions</b> Dissociated language functions are prone to occur in long-standing lesions. Different patterns of dissociation may be encountered due to interindividual particularities and cerebral plasticity. The presented patient is unique by demonstrating new insight into expressive language dissociation, emphasizing the role of a preoperative language fMRI panel and the capability of intraoperative language mapping for identifying special language networks.
Angiotensin II, via AT1 and AT2 Receptors and NF-κB Pathway, Regulates the Inflammatory Response in Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction (2004)

Inflammatory cell infiltration plays a key role in the onset and progression of renal injury. The NF-kappaB participates in the inflammatory response, regulating many proinflammatory genes. Angiotensin II (Ang II), via AT(1) and AT(2) receptors, activates NF-kappaB. Although the contribution of Ang II to kidney damage progression is already established, the receptor subtype involved in the inflammatory cell recruitment is not clear. For investigating this issue, the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model was used in mice, blocking Ang II production/receptors and NF-kappaB pathway. Two days after UUO, obstructed kidneys of wild-type mice presented a marked interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration and increased NF-kappaB activity. Treatment with AT(1) or AT(2) antagonists partially decreased NF-kappaB activation, whereas only the AT(2) blockade diminished monocyte infiltration. Obstructed kidneys of AT(1)-knockout mice showed interstitial monocyte infiltration and NF-kappaB activation; both processes were abolished by an AT(2) antagonist, suggesting AT(2)/NF-kappaB involvement in monocyte recruitment. In wild-type mice, only angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition or combined therapy with AT(1) plus AT(2) antagonists blocked monocyte infiltration, NF-kappaB activation, and upregulation of NF-kappaB-related proinflammatory genes. Therefore, AT(1) and AT(2) blockade is necessary to arrest completely the inflammatory process. Treatment with two different NF-kappaB inhibitors, pirrolidin-dithiocarbamate and parthenolide, diminished monocyte infiltration and gene overexpression. These data show that Ang II, via AT(1) and AT(2) receptors and NF-kappaB pathway, participates in the regulation of renal monocyte recruitment and may provide a rationale to investigate further the role of AT(2) in human kidney diseases.
Resonant enhancement of refractive index in a cascade scheme (2002)

The refractive index of coherently driven rubidium vapour is experimentally investigated in a three-level cascade con® guration using a selective reection technique. The maximum measured resonant change in the refractive index is ¢n ' 0:1. The selective reection is accompanied by a four-wave-mixing process that can reach π90% eA ciency.
Gene order and gene-polypeptide relationships of the proton-translocating ATPase operon (unc) of Escherichia coli. (1982)

We have constructed an extensive set of plasmids that carry the genes specifying the eight polypeptides of the proton-translocating ATPase of Escherichia coli. Using detailed restriction analysis and in vitro protein synthesis directed by these plasmids, we have established the order of the eight unc genes to be BEFHAGDC and the corresponding polypeptides to be a, c, b, delta, alpha, gamma, beta, and epsilon. These analyses include determining the location of the gene coding for the delta subunit of the F1 portion of the complex. We call this gene uncH. We have now established the gene order and gene-polypeptide relationships of the unc operon. This approach should be of use for study of other multigene bacterial operons, especially those with genes coding for polypeptides with unknown or unmeasurable catalytic activity.
Does a turn in the road mark a turn of events? Turns along travelled routes provide contextual boundaries during navigation (2018)

Physical or conceptual boundaries segment continuous experience into component events. Boundaries accentuate differences between events that occur on either side of them, and reduce differences among events within them. Here we show that turns during navigation have the same effect on memory for routes as they do for episodes. Across three experiments, turns selectively enhanced participants’ recollection of locations immediately preceding them. In addition, in Experiments 1 and 2, the presence of an intervening turn enhanced participants’ ability to discriminate between event durations across boundaries, but impaired their ability to discriminate between their ordinal positions. In Experiment 3, the reported increase in recollection of pre-turn locations was also reflected in subjective dilation of the time spent at pre-turn, relative to post-turn, locations. Together, these results highlight the fundamental role of turns in the segmentation of spatial and temporal memory and indicate a potential mechanism for the segmentation of experience generally.
Examination the Torsion Properties of pin-to-plate LAMP Joint (2016)

Laser assisted metal plastic (LAMP) joining is a promising new joining technology. In the course of this study, not the mostly examined overlapped sheet to sheet, but the pin-to-plate geometry is investigated. This geometry maybe useful for supporting industrial application of the method because it can utilize the differences in material properties of the joining partners effectively. However, based on previous research, expanded investigation of the pin to plate geometry is needed. Accordingly, the authors applied different metal pin geometries and laser parameters, like different laser spot diameters, laser pulse powers, laser pulse durations, and different metal pin geometries in micro and macro range as well by using pulse mode Nd:YAG laser beam to create transmission laser joining. The material and state of the metal pin (unalloyed steel) and the plastic sheet (PMMA) was investigated as well. In this research the torsion properties of the pin to plate joints were also investigated in order to determine the basic effects of laser technology to the maximal torques on this type of penetrated joints.
ThercsAGene fromErwinia amylovora: Identification, Nucleotide Sequence, and Regulation of Exopolysaccharide Biosynthesis (1990)

RcsA is a positive activator of extracellular polysaccharide synthesis in the Enterobacteriaceae. A cosmid clone containing the rcsA gene from Erwinia amylovora was identified by its ability to restore mucoidy to an E. stewartii rcsA mutant. The rcsA gene was subcloned on a 2.2-kilobase HindIII-PstI fragment that hybridized with an E. stewartii rcsA probe and complemented E. stewartii and Escherichia coli rcsA mutants. In addition, the cloned E. amylovora rcsA gene stimulated expression of cps::lac fusions in E. coli and E. stewartii. The rcsA region was sequenced, and one open reading frame of 211 amino acids was found. The predicted protein sequence specified by this open reading frame was 55% homologous with that of the Klebsiella pneumoniae RcsA protein. Highly conserved regions in the 3' and 5' ends of the two proteins were observed. An E. amylovora rcsA mutant was constructed by Tn5 mutagenesis of the cloned gene followed by recombination of the mutation into the chromosome of wild-type strain Ea1/79. The synthesis of both amylovorin and levan was reduced by more than 90% in this mutant, indicating common regulation of the two polysaccharides by rcsA. Virulence of the rcsA mutant on immature pear fruit was diminished but not completely abolished.
Carl Larsson (2017)

This passage by Georg Pauli, first published in Swedish in 1926, describes the international artists’ colony at Grez-sur-Loing and the concept of a Grez style, which is associated with the American artist Louis Welden Hawkins and characterized by a silvery gray tonality. Pauli discusses the Swedish colony at Marlotte and Grez, focusing on Carl Larsson. He includes an anecdote about the Irish painter Frank O’Meara and goes on to discuss romantic liaisons between different Scandinavian artists in the group and the social life of the colony.
Studies on Energy‐Linked Reactions: Modified Mitochondrial ATPase of Oligomycin‐Resistant Mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1974)

Oligomycin resistance is expressed at the mitochondrial and submitochondrial levels in oligomycin‐resistant mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Studies of the mitochondrial ATPase and P i ‐ATP exchange reaction indicate that a modification of the mitochondrial ATPase (ATP‐synthetase) complex is involved. The specific resistance at the mitochondrial level to oligomycin and related inhibitors such as ossamycin, rutamycin and peliomycin and the lack of resistance to other inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthetase (triethyltin sulphate, venturicidin, aurovertin, Dio‐9) correlate with whole cell studies and provide further evidence for a specific modification of an inhibitor site on the mitochondrial inner membrane. Mitochondrial mutants which map at the OLI and OLII loci can be differentiated biochemically by their sensitivity to oligomycin of mitochondrial ATPase and the pH 9.5/pH 6.5 ATPase activity ratios. Studies utilising F 1 ‐ATPase from wild type and oligomycin‐resistant mutants indicate that oligomycin resistance is due to a modification of a membrane‐bound component of the mitochondrial ATP‐synthetase complex and not to a modification of F 1 ‐ATPase or the oligomycin‐sensitivity‐conferring protein. Partially purified oligomycin‐sensitive ATPase preparations (Triton X‐100 extracts) retain the sensitivity (resistance) and specificity of the original membrane‐bound system in mitochondria. Purified oligomycin‐sensitive ATPase preparations also retain the specificity of the original membrane preparation but the sensitivity to inhibitors is partially modified. The results support the conclusion that oligomycin resistance is due to modification of mitochondrially coded and mitochondrially synthesised subunits of the oligomycin‐sensitive ATPase (ATP synthetase) complex. There is no correlation of oligomycin resistance with the ergosterol concentration of yeast cells, yeast mitochondria or mitochondrial ATPase.
HEPARIN BINDING SITES ARE PRESENT AT A HIGHER CONCENTRATION ON SPERM OF SUBFERTILE MEN THAN DONORS OF KNOWN FERTILITY (2002)

Heparin sulfate has been shown to both stimulate sperm capacitation and cause decondensation of sperm chromatin. Recent studies have shown that sperm chromatin decondensation following exposure to a low concentration of heparin sulfate is inversely correlated with penetration ability. This study shows that sperm from subfertile patients contain a higher (p < .05) concentration of heparin binding sites than sperm from donors of known fertility. No differences were observed in the binding affinity of 3H-labeled heparin to donor and patient sperm. Binding was specific for sulfated heparin and dextran. FITC-labeled heparin bound to a higher percentage (p < .01) of patient sperm (39.6 +/- 3.1) than donor sperm (12.3 +/- 1.7). A relationship is demonstrated between heparin binding sites and sperm chromatin decondensation following heparin cxposure, both of which are increased in sperm from subfertile men.
Carbon Nanotubes on SiC Powder Surface Grown by a Vacuum Heating Process (1998)

Silicon carbide (SiC) powders were baked on a resistively heated tungsten (W) boat at 1,600–1,700°C for 10–15 min in vacuum. The surface morphology of the treated SiC powders was observed using a high resolution scanning electron microscope (HR-SEM). Carbon nanotubes were observed on the surface of 40% of SiC powder. The nanotubes were dense, but slightly dispersed and their growth direction was almost perpendicular to the original surface. The nanotubes on SiC were considerably shorter than that prepared by carbon arc method, but significantly longer than that prepared by laser sublimation of SiC. Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometory (EDX) analysis suggested that W and O were doped on or in the vicinity of the powder surface.