gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of growth of malignant rat prostate tumor cells by restoration of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2. (1998)

A loss of expression of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor 2 IIIb (FGFR2IIIb), which responds to stroma-derived FGF, accompanies progression of premalignant androgen-responsive rat prostate tumor epithelial cells to the malignant phenotype. Concurrently, the level of FGFR2 gene expression is reduced and lost altogether in over 30% of cells, whereas all malignant cells abnormally express FGFR1, which is normally confined to stromal cells (S. Feng et al., Cancer Res., 57:5369-5378, 1997). To determine the relative roles of the FGFR2 and FGFR1 kinases in growth of malignant cells, we transfected malignant prostate epithelial cells with the wild-type FGFR2IIIb kinase and an artificial chimeric construct (FGFR2IIIb/R1) composed of the FGFR2IIIb ectodomain and the FGFR1 kinase domain. Population growth kinetics, in both the absence and presence of FGF-7, which binds only the FGFR2IIIb ectodomain, were then examined in the transfected cell populations. In contrast to the untransfected malignant tumor cells and those expressing the FGFR2IIIb/R1 chimera, FGF-7 caused a dose-dependent net inhibition of the population growth rates of cells expressing the full-length FGFR2IIIb kinase. The results suggest that although the FGFR2 kinase can mediate positive mitogenic effects, it mediates a net restriction on the growth of prostate tumor epithelial cells relative to FGFR1. Highly malignant prostate tumor cells, which have lost the FGFR2 tyrosine kinase, retain the cellular response mechanisms to it. Restoration of the FGFR2 kinase to malignant tumors that are refractory to treatment may present a new avenue for gene therapy.
The Adrenal Gland and Depression-Reply (1993)

We appreciate the comments of McCrank and Schaefer concerning our work.<sup>1</sup>We read with interest their results with adrenal weight measurements in coroners' cases in Ontario. Their inability to replicate the findings of Zis and Zis,<sup>2</sup>of in- creased adrenal weights in subjects who had committed violent suicide, is of interest. Close scrutiny, however, indicates that their findings really do not contradict ours. It is well established that not all subjects who commit suicide meet diagnostic criteria for major depression. Pathological activation of the pituitary-adrenal axis has primarily been associated with the presence of depression and not with that of suicide per se; thus, the discrepancy between our findings and those of McCrank and Schaefer could be due to the absence of melancholia and other forms of severe depression in their population. They found the overall weight of the adrenal glands to be higher than that reported in
Circular dichroism spectroscopy of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor and five altered conformational states. Relationship of conformation and the refolding pathway of the trypsin inhibitor (1981)

As part of a conformational study of the pathway of unfolding and refolding of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor that accompanies breakage and formation of its three disulfide bonds, circular dichroism spectra have been measured for several limiting conformational states: native and refolded, with the three correct disulfide bonds; the (30--51, 5--55) two-disulfide species trapped during unfolding and refolding, which have a stable nativelike conformation; the fully reduced protein, with no disulfide bonds. Refolded protein with the three correct disulfide bonds has been found to be slightly different from the native protein; this conformational difference could be removed by gently heating the refolded protein. The same difference appears to be present between the two-disulfide intermediates, lacking the 14--38 disulfide bond, produced during unfolding and refolding. The conformational difference appear to be introduced at an early stage of refolding. The fully reduced protein, with no disulfides, exists as a flexible polypeptide chain with no detectable fixed conformation. The near-ultraviolet portions of the spectra are resolved into probable contributions by tyrosine, disulfide, and phenylalanine side-chain electronic transitions. The probable contributions to the native protein spectrum by tyrosines were also elucidated by observing the spectral shifts caused by their ionization at pH 12.5, where the folded conformation is maintained. The rotational strengths of the isolated transitions provide a measure of conformational flexibilities for the chromophores. Resolution of the far-ultraviolet spectrum of the native protein into contributions of its known secondary structures was not successful.
Impact of age and gender on in-hospital and late mortality after acute myocardial infarction: increased early risk in younger women (2006)

The higher 1-year mortality following AMI in women is explained by the higher risk of death in young women during the first days of hospitalization. Further investigations are crucial to determine the cause in order to improve the chance of survival in younger women.
Acacetin, a Potent Transient Outward Current Blocker, May Be a Novel Therapeutic for KCND3 -Encoded Kv4.3 Gain-of-Function-Associated J-Wave Syndromes (2022)

This preclinical study provides pharmacological and functional evidence to suggest that Acacetin may be a novel therapeutic for patients with KCND3 gain-of-function-associated J wave syndrome by inhibiting I<sub>to</sub> and abolishing the accentuated action potential notch in patient-derived iPSC-CMs.
Solution-processable graphene nanomeshes with controlled pore structures (2013)

Graphene nanomeshes (GNMs) which can be cheaply produced on a large scale and processed through wet approaches are important materials for various applications, including catalysis, composites, sensors and energy related systems. Here, we report a method for large scale preparation of GNMs by refluxing reduced graphene oxide sheets in concentrated nitric acid solution (e.g., 8 moles per liter). The diameters of nanopores in GNM sheets can be readily modulated from several to hundreds nanometers by varying the time of acid treatment. The porous structure increased the specific surface areas of GNMs and the transmittances of GNM-based thin films. Furthermore, GNMs have large number of carboxyl groups at the edges of their nanopores, leading to good dispersibility in aqueous media and strong peroxidase-like catalytic activity.
Uncovering topographically hidden features in 2D MoSe2 with correlated potential and optical nanoprobes (2020)

Abstract Developing characterization strategies to better understand nanoscale features in two-dimensional nanomaterials is of crucial importance, as the properties of these materials are many times driven by nanoscale and microscale chemical and structural modifications within the material. For the case of large area monolayer MoSe 2 flakes, kelvin probe force microscopy coupled with tip-enhanced photoluminescence was utilized to evaluate such features including internal grain boundaries, edge effects, bilayer contributions, and effects of oxidation/aging, many of which are invisible to topographical mapping. A reduction in surface potential due to n -type behavior was observed at the edge of the flakes as well as near grain boundaries. Potential phase mapping, which corresponds to the local dielectric constant, depicted local biexciton and trion states in optically-active regions of interest such as grain boundaries. Finally, nanoscale surface potential and photoluminescence mapping was performed at several stages of oxidation, revealing that various oxidative states can be evaluated during the aging process. Importantly, all of the characterization performed in this study was non-destructive and rapid, crucial for quality evaluation of an exciting class of two-dimensional nanomaterials.
Conformational dynamics of dioxodi-.mu.-oxo-aminopolycarboxylatodimolybdate(V) complexes by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConformational dynamics of dioxodi-.mu.-oxo-aminopolycarboxylatodimolybdate(V) complexes by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonanceGary L. Blackmer, K. Jeffrey. Johnson, and Richard L. RobertsCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1976, 15, 3, 596–601Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50157a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50157a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Trennmittel beim Aluminiumstrangguss (Teil 1) (2000)

This three-parted article outlines the chemical basis of fats and oils in Part I. It gives an overview of different lubricants. Lubricants are mineral, synthetic, animal or plant fats or oils. They are complicated mixtures of glycerol esters of different fat acids. The considerable differences must be caused by the fatty acids. Besides the chain length, the degree of saturation (number of double and triple bonds) is significant. The varying composition causes a pronounced scattering of the physical properties viscosity, viscosity index, thermal stability, melting and flash point.
MT4-MMP and EGFR expression levels are key biomarkers for breast cancer patient response to chemotherapy and erlotinib (2017)

We demonstrate that MT4-MMP defines a sub-population of TNBC sensitive to a combination of DNA-targeting chemotherapeutic agents and anti-EGFR drugs.
Technologies of the self healing grid (2013)

A self-healing grid refers to automated ways of removing temporary faults from the distribution power network. This paper will present three available technologies to help utilities improve overall system reliability by restoring power to the healthy portions of the grid. Three technologies were selected to support utilities&apos; achievement of service quality goals at different budgets and to start implementation of Smart Grid oriented FDIR - Fault Detection Isolation and Restoration- schemes. This will mitigate losses of revenues, penalties from regulators and cost of restoration while improving customer satisfaction. (4 pages)
Interactions between Planktonic Microalgae and Protozoan Grazers1 (2004)

ABSTRACT. For an algal bloom to develop, the growth rate of the bloom‐forming species must exceed the sum of all loss processes. Among these loss processes, grazing is generally believed to be one of the more important factors. Based on numerous field studies, it is now recognized that microzooplankton are dominant consumers of phytoplankton in both open ocean and coastal waters. Heterotrophic protists, a major component of microzooplankton communities, constitute a vast complex of diverse feeding strategies and behavior which allow them access to even the larger phytoplankton species. A number of laboratory studies have shown the capability of different protistan species to feed and grow on bloom‐forming algal species. Because of short generation times, their ability for fast reaction to short‐term variation in food conditions enables phagotrophic protists to fulfill the function of a heterotrophic buffer, which might balance the flow of matter in case of phytoplankton blooms. The importance of grazing as a control of microalgae becomes most apparent by its failure; if community grazing controls initial stages of bloom development, there simply is no bloom. However, if a certain algal species is difficult to graze, e.g. due to specific defense mechanisms, reduced grazing pressure will certainly favor bloom development. The present contribution will provide a general overview on the interactions between planktonic microalgae and protozoan grazers with special emphasis on species‐specific interactions and algal defense strategies against protozoan grazers.
Crimson Brain, Red Mind: Yablo on Mental Causation (2008)

Stephen Yablo offers a solution to the problem of mental causation by claiming that the physical is a determinate of the mental's determinable, and therefore the mental and physical do not compete for causal relevance. I present Yablo's solution and argue that the mental-physical relation cannot meet three necessary conditions for determination. That relation fails to meet the requirements that determinates of the same determinable be incompatible and that no property can be a determinate of more than one determinable. Further, the mental and physical do not fall under the same series of scope inclusions as determinables and their determinates must. Yablo's conception of determination might be rendered more general to avoid these objections, but doing so would prevent it from functioning as a competitor to extant theories of the mental-physical relation. Thus, Yablo's solution to the problem of mental causation cannot be both adequately specific and correct.
Inside the ‘black box’: process evaluation of the upbeat pilot trial (2011)

The UK Better Eating and Activity Trial (UPBEAT) aims to improve pregnancy outcome in obese women by improving blood sugar control through a dietary and activity intervention delivered in eight group sessions by a health trainer. The MRC framework for trials of complex interventions states that findings should be informed by a process evaluation specifying how the intervention works, for whom and in what circumstances. This nested process evaluation aimed to provide greater understanding of the socio-cultural context within which the trial is delivered, and the acceptability, feasibility and fidelity of the intervention. The pilot trial ran from February 2010 until January 2011 in four sites in England. Health trainers' audio diary of each session, and 40 semi-structured interviews were conducted with women in both arms of the trial purposively sampled to ensure a wide variation of ages, ethnicity, parity and body mass index at booking. All data has been transcribed and analysed thematically in NVivo. Few women attended all eight sessions. Barriers included work commitments and childcare issues. Some women felt uncomfortable in the group setting, citing lack of common ground with others, unable to identify with larger women and disliking others in the group. While some women felt that they gained support from the group sessions, others did not feel that they learnt anything, and could have got the information from the handbook, which all women found helpful. Amendments to the intervention to include one to one and telephone sessions are currently being made to inform the main trial.
How to distinguish posed from spontaneous smiles using geometric features (2007)

Automatic distinction between posed and spontaneous expressions is an unsolved problem. Previously cognitive sciences' studies indicated that the automatic separation of posed from spontaneous expressions is possible using the face modality alone. However, little is known about the information contained in head and shoulder motion. In this work, we propose to (i) distinguish between posed and spontaneous smiles by fusing the head, face, and shoulder modalities, (ii) investigate which modalities carry important information and how the information of the modalities relate to each other, and (iii) to which extent the temporal dynamics of these signals attribute to solving the problem. We use a cylindrical head tracker to track the head movements and two particle filtering techniques to track the facial and shoulder movements. Classification is performed by kernel methods combined with ensemble learning techniques. We investigated two aspects of multimodal fusion: the level of abstraction (i.e., early, mid-level, and late fusion) and the fusion rule used (i.e., sum, product and weight criteria). Experimental results from 100 videos displaying posed smiles and 102 videos displaying spontaneous smiles are presented. Best results were obtained with late fusion of all modalities when 94.0% of the videos were classified correctly.
Abstract 2810: The Occluded Artery Trial (OAT) Viability Ancillary Study (OAT-NUC): Influence of Infarct Zone Viability on Left Ventricular Remodeling After PCI vs. Medical Therapy Alone (2007)

Introduction: OAT recently reported no difference in long-term outcomes between percutaneous intervention (PCI) vs. medical therapy alone (MED) in stable post-MI patients with occluded infarct-related arteries (IRAs). Whether PCI may benefit a subset of patients with relative preservation of infarct zone (IZ) viability is unknown. Hypotheses: IZ viability influences left ventricular (LV) remodeling and PCI patients with viability have less adverse remodeling than comparable MED post-MI patients with an occluded IRA. Methods: Patients were eligible for OAT-NUC based on the main OAT criteria. Enrolled patients underwent a resting nitroglycerin-enhanced 99m-Tc sestamibi SPECT study at baseline prior to OAT randomization and repeated 1 year after randomization. SPECT studies were quantitatively analyzed in a central core lab, blinded to OAT randomization and to sequence. Parameters included LV volumes (for remodeling over time), LV regional and global function, infarct size, and IZ viability. Results: There were 124 patients enrolled in OAT-NUC at 20 international sites. For patients with complete baseline and 1 year information as of May 2007 (n=78), infarct size was 24 ± 16% of the LV (mean ± SD), EF 48 ± 11%, end-diastolic volume 127 ± 52 ml, end-systolic volume 71 ± 46 ml, and sestamibi uptake within the IZ was 43 ± 8% of peak counts. Those with severe reduction in IZ viability (IZ uptake &lt;40% of peak counts, n=25) compared to those with at least moderate preservation of viability (IZ counts &lt;40% of peak counts, n=53) had larger infarct size (p&lt;0.001), larger end-diastolic (p&lt;0.001) and end-systolic (p&lt;0.003) volumes at baseline. Complete data acquisition and analysis of the primary and secondary end point results examining the influence of IZ viability on extent of LV remodeling, and the interaction of IZ viability with extent of remodeling for PCI vs. MED in post-MI patients with occluded IRAs will be available for the entire patient cohort by August 2007. Conclusions: The OAT-NUC ancillary study examines the influence of IZ viability on LV remodeling in post-MI patients with occluded IRAs randomized to PCI vs. medical treatment alone and will provide mechanistic insights into the clinical findings of the main OAT study.
Self-Managing Storage System - Design and Evaluation. (2002)

As more and more of the information becomes digitally available, and more of our daily activities are recorded and stored, it is becoming essential to secure and manage these large masses of data. Storage security is about security of persistent data. Conventional firewall and border security architectures are brittle by design, because a small number of protections are used to protect a large number of resources and services. We propose an agentbased self-managing architecture for the manageability and serviceability of network storage systems. We use a distributed approach that reduces the number of client storage interactions relaying through the file manager, thus offloading more of the file manager’s work. This remedies the problem of the file server becoming a bottleneck in terms of bandwidth and CPU performance. Some applications of self-managing architecture are illustrated. A time-modulated security architecture is designed to provide security management. We also present experimental results that show us; by using a distributed architecture and an autonomic time-varying key-hopping mechanism, the performance of the server is increased without compromising upon security.
Tandem malonate-based glucosides (TMGs) for membrane protein structural studies (2017)

High-resolution membrane protein structures are essential for understanding the molecular basis of diverse biological events and important in drug development. Detergents are usually used to extract these bio-macromolecules from the membranes and maintain them in a soluble and stable state in aqueous solutions for downstream characterization. However, many eukaryotic membrane proteins solubilized in conventional detergents tend to undergo structural degradation, necessitating the development of new amphiphilic agents with enhanced properties. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel class of glucoside amphiphiles, designated tandem malonate-based glucosides (TMGs). A few TMG agents proved effective at both stabilizing a range of membrane proteins and extracting proteins from the membrane environment. These favourable characteristics, along with synthetic convenience, indicate that these agents have potential in membrane protein research.
Machine learning and feature engineering for predicting pulse presence during chest compressions (2021)

Current resuscitation protocols require pausing chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to check for a pulse. However, pausing CPR when a patient is pulseless can worsen patient outcomes. Our objective was to design and evaluate an ECG-based algorithm that predicts pulse presence with or without CPR. We evaluated 383 patients being treated for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with real-time ECG, impedance and audio recordings. Paired ECG segments having an organized rhythm immediately preceding a pulse check (during CPR) and during the pulse check (without CPR) were extracted. Patients were randomly divided into 60% training and 40% test groups. From training data, we developed an algorithm to predict the clinical pulse presence based on the wavelet transform of the bandpass-filtered ECG. Principal component analysis was used to reduce dimensionality, and we then trained a linear discriminant model using three principal component modes as input features. Overall, 38% (351/912) of checks had a spontaneous pulse. AUCs for predicting pulse presence with and without CPR on test data were 0.84 (95% CI (0.80, 0.88)) and 0.89 (95% CI (0.86, 0.92)), respectively. This ECG-based algorithm demonstrates potential to improve resuscitation by predicting the presence of a spontaneous pulse without pausing CPR with moderate accuracy.
Catalytic removal of propene and toluene in air over noble metal catalystThis article is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue on Biological Air Treatment. (2009)

In this paper we present the study of catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compound (VOC) traces in air over Pt/γ-Al2O3 catalysts. The study was carried out using a laboratory fixed-bed catalytic reactor (FBCR) with catalytic oxidation of propene and toluene as model reactions. For better understanding of catalytic activity in a FBCR, the influence of operating parameters such as of platinum (Pt) loading, total gas flow rate, VOC concentration, and oxygen content were studied. The results showed that catalytic activity increases with increase in VOC concentration and a decrease in total gas flow rate. This displayed behaviour is instrumental to working at a low temperature region for complete oxidation of volatile organic compounds.