gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modified Adenine (9-Benzyl-2-Butoxy-8-Hydroxyadenine) Redirects Th2-Mediated Murine Lung Inflammation by Triggering TLR7 (2009)

Substitute adenine (SA)-2, a synthetic heterocycle chemically related to adenine with substitutions in positions 9-, 2-, and 8- (i.e., 9-benzyl-2-butoxy-8-hydroxyadenine), induces in vitro immunodeviation of Th2 cells to a Th0/Th1 phenotype. In this article, we evaluate the in vivo ability of SA-2 to affect Th2-mediated lung inflammation and its safety. TLR triggering and NF-kappaB activation by SA-2 were analyzed on TLR-transfected HEK293 cells and on purified bone marrow dendritic cells. The in vivo effect of SA-2 on experimental airway inflammation was evaluated in both prepriming and prechallenge protocols by analyzing lung inflammation, including tissue eosinophilia and goblet cell hyperplasia, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cell types, and the functional profile of Ag-specific T cells from draining lymph nodes and spleens. SA-2 induced mRNA expression and production of proinflammatory (IL-6, IL-12, and IL-27) and regulatory (IL-10) cytokines and chemokines (CXCL10) in dendritic cells but down-regulated TGF-beta. Prepriming administration of SA-2 inhibited OVA-specific Abs and Th2-driven lung inflammation, including tissue eosinophilia and goblet cells, with a prevalent Foxp3-independent regulatory mechanism. Prechallenge treatment with SA-2 reduced the lung inflammation through the induction of a prevalent Th1-related mechanism. In this model the activity of SA-2 was route-independent, but adjuvant- and Ag dose-dependent. SA-2-treated mice did not develop any increase of serum antinuclear autoantibodies. In conclusion, critical substitutions in the adenine backbone creates a novel synthetic TLR7 ligand that shows the ability to ameliorate Th2-mediated airway inflammation by a complex mechanism, involving Th1 redirection and cytokine-mediated regulation, which prevents autoreactivity.
Visible Light Responsive Metal Oxide Photoanodes for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: a Comprehensive Review on Rational Materials Design (2018)

water splitting provides a "green" approach for hydrogen production.
Tight Remainder-Form Decomposition Functions with Applications to Constrained Reachability and Guaranteed State Estimation (2021)

This paper proposes a tractable family of remainder-form mixed-monotone decomposition functions that are useful for over-approximating the image set of nonlinear mappings in reachability and estimation problems. Our approach applies to a new class of nonsmooth, discontinuous nonlinear systems that we call either-sided locally Lipschitz semicontinuous (ELLS) systems, which we show to be a strict superset of locally Lipschitz continuous (LLC) systems, thus expanding the set of systems that are formally known to be mixed-monotone. In addition, we derive lower and upper bounds for the over-approximation error and show that the lower bound is achieved with our proposed approach, i.e., our approach constructs the tightest, tractable remainder-form mixed-monotone decomposition function. Moreover, we introduce a set inversion algorithm that along with the proposed decomposition functions, can be used for constrained reachability analysis and guaranteed state estimation for continuous- and discrete-time systems with bounded noise.
Mode Structure of Large Mode Area All-Solid Photonic Bandgap Fiber (2009)

We analyze optical properties of all-silica photonic bandgap fibers with an ultra low ratio of the cladding rods diameter to the center-to-center distance of the rods. Optical properties similar to those of LMA holey fibers are revealed both numerically and experimentally.
Proposals Of Two-Reference-Beam Double Exposure Holographic Interferometer With Double Pulsed Laser (1988)

A system that can be applied to high speed phenomena, especially with solid diffusely scattering objects is proposed, with which an automatic measurement of high precision can be realized.
LMSGEN: a prototyping environment for programmable adaptive digital filters in VLSI (2002)

This paper describes a VHDL library-based design methodology for programmable and adaptive (LMS and block LMS) FIR digital filters-LMSGEN. Sample rates ranging from 8 to 70 Mbaud can be achieved by choosing appropriate building blocks from the library. Using LMSGEN, a highly parallel 12.5 Mbaud 60-tap block LMS/programmable FIR filter was designed and tested in 0.8 /spl mu/m CMOS technology with 81.95 mm/sup 2/ silicon area. A 12.5 Mbaud 64-tap programmable FIR filter was also designed and tested in 0.8 /spl mu/m CMOS technology with 61.35 mm/sup 2/ silicon area. Power dissipation can be minimized through the use of multiple parallel processing functional units at lower clock speeds, at the choice of the designer.
Drug Target Commons: A Community Effort to Build a Consensus Knowledge Base for Drug-Target Interactions (2017)

Knowledge of the full target space of bioactive substances, approved and investigational drugs as well as chemical probes, provides important insights into therapeutic potential and possible adverse effects. The existing compound-target bioactivity data resources are often incomparable due to non-standardized and heterogeneous assay types and variability in endpoint measurements. To extract higher value from the existing and future compound target-profiling data, we implemented an open-data web platform, named Drug Target Commons (DTC), which features tools for crowd-sourced compound-target bioactivity data annotation, standardization, curation, and intra-resource integration. We demonstrate the unique value of DTC with several examples related to both drug discovery and drug repurposing applications and invite researchers to join this community effort to increase the reuse and extension of compound bioactivity data.
Materialien und Strukturen für schluckbare elektromechanische medizinische Funktionseinheiten (2018)

Abstract Schluckbare Biomedizinprodukte diagnostizieren, verhindern und behandeln ein breites Spektrum von Krankheiten und waren über Jahrzehnte der Traum von Ingenieuren und Klinikern. Der steigende Stellenwert der Darmgesundheit für das allgemeine Wohlbefinden sowie die Prävalenz vieler gastrointestinaler Erkrankungen haben die Aufmerksamkeit auf diese aufstrebende Klasse medizinischer Hilfsmittel neu geweckt. Es gibt mehrere prominente Beispiele von kommerziell erfolgreichen, schluckbaren Medizinprodukten. Dennoch bleiben viele technische Herausforderungen zu lösen, bevor schluckbare Medizinprodukte ihr volles klinisches Potenzial ausschöpfen können. Dieser Kurzaufsatz fasst neuste Entdeckungen in diesem interdisziplinären Gebiet zusammen, einschließlich neuartiger Materialien, moderner Verarbeitungstechniken für Materialien und ausgewählter Beispiele integrierter schluckbarer elektromechanischer Systeme. Nach einer kurzen historischen Betrachtung werden diese Themen mit einem speziellen Fokus auf modernen Funktionsmaterialien und Herstellungsstrategien im Kontext der klinischen Translation und potenzieller regulatorischer Überlegungen diskutiert. Zukünftige Perspektiven, Herausforderungen und Chancen des Gebiets werden ebenfalls zusammengefasst.
The Zuellig Pharma Korea Consortium Database: An on-site drug wholesales database for pharmacoepidemiological studies using real-world data (2019)

The ZPK-C showed potential as a valuable data source for pharmacoepidemiology research.
Response : Single Point Mutation or Chromosomal Rearrangement (1965)

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Predictive Factors of Efficacy of Sunitinib Therapy in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours (2012)

Until the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, only limited treatment options were available for advanced/inoperable gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs), the most common mesenchymal tumours of the gastrointestinal tract. Initially, it was imatinib mesylate that revolutionised patient outcomes in advanced cases, followed by sunitinib malate when the activity of imatinib turned out to be time-limited. There is substantial heterogeneity between GISTs in terms of response to targeted therapy. As was the case for imatinib, the efficacy of sunitinib depends on the primary tumour’s KIT/PDGFRA (platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha) genotype and on secondary mutations emerging during treatment. Interestingly, sunitinib-related adverse effects, such as arterial hypertension, may serve as biomarkers of the antitumour efficacy of the drug. Here we discuss possible mechanisms underlying these phenomena as well as data from our recently published study – the first to investigate the clinicopathologic and genetic characteristics associated with the results of sunitinib therapy in a large group of patients treated in routine clinical practice.
A $\hbox{TiSi}_{2}/\hbox{Si}$ Heteronanocrystal Memory Operated With Hot Carrier Injections (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> The programming and erasing of a <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\hbox{TiSi}_{2}/\hbox{Si}$</tex> </formula> heteronanocrystal memory were carried out by channel hot electron injection and drain side hot hole injection, respectively. Compared to an Si nanocrystal memory, a <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\hbox{TiSi}_{2}/\hbox{Si}$</tex> </formula> heteronanocrystal memory exhibits much better writing/erasing efficiency and higher writing/erasing saturation level. The retention transient process indicates that the <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\hbox{TiSi}_{2}/\hbox{Si}$</tex> </formula> heteronanocrystal memory has a very slow charge loss mechanism. The result of the localization of charge shows that a reverse read leads to a higher threshold voltage shift, which is almost not dependent on the amplitude of the read voltages. </para>
P01.14: First trimester screening is the most effective method of detecting trisomy 21. An audit of the efficacy of the antenatal diagnosis of trisomy 21 in a New Zealand region (2005)

To audit trends in antenatal diagnosis of Trisomy 21 in the Auckland Region, New Zealand, and determine antenatal detection of congenital heart disease within this group. The data base from 1997–2003 was developed by: documenting all cases of Trisomy 21, identified by cytogenetics in the Auckland region. Extracting from the paediatric echocardiography database all infants with Trisomy 21. All maternal and infant records were reviewed. Data collected included, maternal age, ethnicity, ultrasound screening [nuchal translucency (NT), 18–20 weeks scan] prenatal karyotyping, pregnancy outcomes, postnatal echocardiography. Total Births >20 weeks registered in study period 150, 280. Trisomy 21, 317 cases. Prevalence T21; 1.17/1000. Prenatal karyotyping 47% (n = 148). 166 live births, 6 intrauterine deaths, 134 terminations, (11 karyotype results unavailable). Screening of any form recorded in 235 (74%), diagnostic test declined in 12% (n = 19) with positive screen. Maternal age 77% of screening in 1997; decreased to 12% in 2003 with NT in 68%. Sensitivity for NT was 81%. Median maternal age 36 years (range14–46). Post natal echocardiograms normal in 48% T21 live births. AV-canal defect (AVCD) 36% cardiac defects. AVCD detected antenatally in 22% (n = 7 fetuses). Undetected in 62% (n = 29) at 18–20 week scan. The prenatal detection rate of T21 was 47%. Birth prevalence of T21 did not change over the study period. NT or maternal age were the main reasons for diagnostic testing. Cardiac anomalies were common in this group but the detection rate of 2nd trimester scanning was low.
Low-Dose of Intrapulmonary Pirfenidone Improves Human Transforming Growth Factorβ1-Driven Lung Fibrosis (2020)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive, and lethal lung disease of unknown etiology. Antifibrotic drugs, including pirfenidone, are currently used for the treatment of the disease. The oral administration of pirfenidone is an effective therapy, as demonstrated by several clinical trials, although it causes severe adverse events in some patients. We hypothesized that low-dose intrapulmonary delivery of pirfenidone is effective in human transforming growth factorβ1-driven pulmonary fibrosis. To demonstrate our hypothesis, we compared the therapeutic efficacy of varying doses of pirfenidone administered by oral and intranasal routes in a human transforming growth factor-β1 transgenic mouse with established pulmonary fibrosis. We found similar amelioration of lung cell infiltration, inflammatory and fibrotic cytokines, lung fibrosis score, and hydroxyproline content in mice with human transforming growth factor-β1-mediated pulmonary fibrosis treated with low-dose intranasal pirfenidone and high-dose oral pirfenidone. This study showed that pirfenidone is a potent inhibitor of human transforming growth factor-β1-driven lung fibrosis and that intrapulmonary delivery of low-dose pirfenidone produces therapeutic responses equivalent to high-dose of oral pirfenidone.
Study on Cbanges in Material Properties of Air Spring Rubber Bellows for Railway Vehicles. (2001)

近年, 鉄道車両メンテナンスの省力化のニーズが増大しており, 鉄道車両部材に関しても耐久性評価に基づき, 長寿命化や使用期限管理の適正化を行うことが求められている. このため, 車両防振のために重要な部材である空気ばねゴムベローズの耐久性評価を行った. その結果, 最大16年間の使用に対してばね定数などの実用性能は良好な耐久性を示したが, ベローズの材質の物性では明確な低下が認められた. そして, 空気ばねベローズは現車使用の初期段階では酸化劣化による材質硬化を示したが, 長期間の使用に伴いゴムの分子運動性が増大するなど, 疲労劣化が進展することを明らかとした. また, ベローズ中央部ではすべての方位で大きく繰返し変形するため, 試験したすべての箇所で著しい劣化が認められるのに対し, 上部では空気ばねの水平方向, 下部では車両進行方向で劣化の度合いが小さいなど, 車両振動状況を反映した劣化特性を明らかにした.
The Catalytic Interaction of Hydrogen and Deuterium with Ethylene and Deutero-ethylenes on Copper (1938)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Catalytic Interaction of Hydrogen and Deuterium with Ethylene and Deutero-ethylenes on CopperG. Joris, H. S. Taylor, and J. C. JungersCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1938, 60, 8, 1982–1986Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1938Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1938https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01275a073https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01275a073research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views38Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Net-b, a Ras-Insensitive Factor That Forms Ternary Complexes with Serum Response Factor on the Serum Response Element of the fos Promoter (1997)

The Ras signalling pathway targets transcription factors such as the ternary complex factors that are recruited by the serum response factor to form complexes on the serum response element (SRE) of the fos promoter. We have identified a new ternary complex factor, Net-b. We report the features of the net gene and show that it produces several splice variants, net-b and net-c. net-b RNA and protein are expressed in a variety of tissues and cell lines. net-c RNA is expressed at low levels, and the protein was not detected, raising the possibility that it is a cryptic splice variant. We have studied the composition of ternary complexes that form on the SRE of the fos promoter with extracts from fibroblasts (NIH 3T3) cultured under various conditions and pre-B cells (70Z/3) before and after differentiation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The fibroblast complexes contain mainly Net-b followed by Sap1 and Elk1. Net-b complexes, as well as Sap1 and Elk1, are induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulation of cells cultured in low serum. Pre-B-cell complexes contain mainly Sap1, with less of Net-b and little of Elk1. There is little change upon LPS-induced differentiation compared to the increase with EGF in fibroblasts. We have also found that Net-b is a nuclear protein that constitutively represses transcription. Net-b is not activated by Ras signalling, in contrast to Net, Sap1a, and Elk1. We have previously reported that down-regulation of Net proteins with antisense RNA increases SRE activity. The increase in SRE activity is observed at low serum levels and is even greater after serum stimulation, showing that the SRE is under negative regulation by Net proteins and the level of repression increases during induction. Net-b, the predominant factor in ternary complexes in fibroblasts, may both keep the activity of the SRE low in the absence of strong inducing conditions and rapidly shut the activity off after stimulation.
Personality and genes: remarks from a biological perspective (2014)

Although there is no doubt that genes’ functions influence human personality, years of studies provided no clear picture on regulation of particular traits by specific genes. In this article, an overview of the complexity of the system of genetic control of personality is presented, and the level of complications of biological processes operating in this system is underlined. The methodology of studies devoted to determine effects of genes on personality traits is discussed, and limitations of various methods in such studies are indicated. Finally, suggestions for further research are listed and commented on. It is likely that to increase the level of our understanding of genetic mechanisms that modulate human personality, researchers conducting further studies will have to focus on using large sample sizes, performing independent replications, considering experiments on animal models, integrating cross-cultural data and epigenetic measures, and performing interdisciplinary experiments which combine methods of various disciplines, such as biology and psychology.
A stereo vision system for position measurement and recognition in an autonomous robotic system for carrying food trays (2003)

This paper describes a practical stereo vision system for position measurement and recognition in an autonomous food-tray-carrying robot. Our food tray carrying robot delivers and collects food trays in medical care facilities. The vision system must position and recognize tables and trays for the robot to manipulate the trays. We developed edge detecting techniques for the measurement of target objects that vary in terms of brightness using correlation operations. We fabricated a compact environmental perception unit using a real-time image correlation processor (the color tracking vision) and had it installed on the food carrying robot. Tray delivery and collection experiments in simulated environment show that the unit can position the tables and the food trays accurately enough to manipulate the trays in varying degrees of brightness (60 to 7200 1x) using video images from a pair of stereo cameras installed on the gripper of the manipulator.
Bereavement in childhood: risks, consequences and responses: Figure 1 (2012)

Children and young people often report feeling alone and different following the death of someone important in their lives. While no routine data are collected in the UK on this group, estimates suggest that, in fact, the majority of young people face the death of a close relative or friend by the time they are 16 years old.
Excimer laser chemical problems (1982)

Techniques need to be developed to maintain XeF and XeCl laser performance over long periods of time without degradation resulting from chemical processes occurring within the laser. The dominant chemical issues include optical damage, corrosions of laser materials, gas contamination, and control of halogen concentration. Each of these issues are discussed and summarized. The methods of minimizing or controlling the chemical processes involved are presented.
Pigmentiphaga sp. Strain D-2 Uses a Novel Amidase To Initiate the Catabolism of the Neonicotinoid Insecticide Acetamiprid (2020)

Acetamiprid, a chloronicotinyl neonicotinoid insecticide, is among the most commonly used insecticides worldwide, and its environmental fate has caused considerable concern. The compound 1-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)-<i>N</i>-methylmethanamine (IM 1-4) has been reported to be the main intermediate during acetamiprid catabolism in microorganisms, honeybees, and spinach. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the hydrolysis of acetamiprid to IM 1-4 has not yet been elucidated. In this study, a novel amidase (AceAB) that initially hydrolyzes the C-N bond of acetamiprid to generate IM 1-4 was purified and characterized from the acetamiprid-degrading strain <i>Pigmentiphaga</i> sp. strain D-2. Based on peptide profiling of the purified AceAB and the draft genome sequence of strain D-2, <i>aceA</i> (372 bp) and <i>aceB</i> (2,295 bp), encoding the α and β subunits of AceAB, respectively, were cloned and found to be necessary for acetamiprid hydrolysis in strain D-2. The characteristics of AceAB were also systematically investigated. Though AceA and AceB showed 35% to 56% identity to the α and β subunits of the <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethylformamidase from <i>Paracoccus aminophilus</i>, AceAB was specific for the hydrolysis of acetamiprid and showed no activities to <i>N,N</i>-dimethylformamide or its structural analogs.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Acetamiprid, among the top neonicotinoid insecticides used worldwide, is one of the most important commercial insecticides. Due to its extensive use, the environmental fate of acetamiprid, especially its microbial degradation, has caused considerable concern. Although the catabolic pathways of acetamiprid in microorganisms have been extensively studied, the molecular mechanisms underlying acetamiprid biodegradation (except for a nitrile hydratase) remain largely unknown, and the enzyme responsible for the biotransformation of acetamiprid into its main intermediate, IM 1-4, have not yet been elucidated. The amidase AceAB and its encoding genes, <i>aceA</i> and <i>aceB</i>, characterized in this study, were found to be necessary and specific for the initial hydrolysis of the C-N bond of acetamiprid to generate IM 1-4 in <i>Pigmentiphaga</i> sp. strain D-2. The finding of the novel amidase AceAB will greatly enhance our understanding of the microbial catabolism of the widely used insecticide acetamiprid at the molecular level.
Assessing tissues' inhomogeneous optical properties based on quantitative phase imaging and dark field microscopy with LED illumination (Conference Presentation) (2018)

Assessing tissues’ inhomogeneous optical properties is helpful for label-free diagnosis. In this paper, a method and a setup are proposed to assess the tissues’ inhomogeneous optical properties based on quantitative phase imaging (QPI) and dark-field microscopy using LED illumination. In the bright-field and coherent dark-field imaging, quantitative phase (QP) can be recovered from multi-frame intensity images captured at different axial positions by Transport-intensity-equation (TIE) and multi-height Gerchberg-Saxton(G-S) phase retrieval algorithms. In the incoherent dark-field imaging, some scattering samples can be observed easily without any computation and the resolution can be improved in contrast to bright-field illumination. According to the scattering-phase theorem and the statistical dispersion relation (SDR), tissues’ inhomogeneous optical properties can be assessed. In our experiments, we find, it is a good idea to combine QP maps and dark-field images to assess inhomogeneous optical properties of bio-samples. In contrast to the DHM and interferometers, our setup is cost-effective and use-flexible, thus having the potential to serve as a very powerful tool in biological applications.