gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wet-End Deviations from Scaling of the Water Retention Characteristics of Fractal Porous Media (2003)

A previous work investigated the dry-end deviation from fractal scaling of water retention characteristics of a suite of 43 U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE) Hanford site soils in relationship with the vanishing of solute diffusion at a moisture content θt It was found that the deviation from fractal scaling of the water retention set on at a moisture content typically about 0.06 higher than the moisture content at which solute diffusion vanishes. Assuming that the vanishing of solute diffusion resulted from a lack of continuity of the water phase, we interpreted the deviation from fractal scaling in terms of a lack of water-phase continuity rather than as a breakdown of the fractal model. Now the wet-end deviations from fractal scaling of the same suite of soils are investigated. It is shown that the wet-end moisture contents at which the deviation occurs are correlated with the critical volume fraction for percolation and with the dry-end deviations. However, wet-end deviations occur at moisture contents closer to full saturation than do dry-end deviations from zero saturation. This contrast between the wet and dry ends of the water retention curve, h(θ), is suggested to be a result of the role of equilibration in the experimental determination of h(θ), and thus to be traceable to the much lower values of the hydraulic conductivity, K, at the dry end.
CD44 Regulates Arteriogenesis in Mice and Is Differentially Expressed in Patients With Poor and Good Collateralization (2004)

For the first time, the pivotal role of CD44 during arteriogenesis is shown. The expression of CD44 increases during arteriogenesis, and the deficiency of CD44 severely impedes arteriogenesis. Maximal CD44 expression on isolated monocytes is decreased in patients with a poor collateralization compared with patients with a good collateralization.
A NEW PHOSPHOR FOR FLYING-SPOT CATHODE-RAY TUBES FOR COLOR TELEVISION: YELLOW-EMITTING Y3Al5O12–Ce3+ (1967)

The fluorescence of Y3Al5O12–Ce3+ under cathode-ray excitation consists of an emission band peaking at 550 nm. The decay time is 0.07–0.08 μsec. In view of these properties this phosphor is very suitable for flying-spot cathoderay tubes for color television.
Ring Puckering in Five-Membered Rings. I. General Theory (1969)

As a general introduction to a subsequent series of papers on pseudorotation and five-membered rings, the two-ring puckering modes of a five-membered ring are discussed in general terms. Five cases are separated depending upon the nature of the potential function for each mode. Correlation diagrams connecting the various cases are given. Consistent with our basic policy, we have gone directly from fundamental theory to an arithmetical development using large digital computers. The classical section of this development is outlined. The quantum-mechanical section is developed in the following paper.
Identification of a novel RAG1 hypomorphic mutation in a child presenting with disseminated vaccine-strain varicella (2021)

Background: Recombination-activating gene 1 (RAG1) and recombination-activating gene 2 (RAG2) encode unique lymphocyte endonuclease proteins that are crucial in T and B cell development through V(D)J recombination. RAG1 gene defects lead to variable phenotypes, ranging from immunocompetent to severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). Curative therapy for severe manifestations can be achieved through hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Advances in genomic sequencing have led to the discovery of new variants and it is recognized that the level of recombinase activity correlates with disease severity. Aim: To report the clinical presentation, immunological work-up, decision process to undergo HSCT, and confirmatory genetic diagnosis in a patient who was well until her initial presentation with disseminated vaccine-strain varicella. Methods: Clinical data was gathered through retrospective chart review. Immunological investigations, targeted gene sequencing, and thymic biopsy results were reviewed. Further genetic analysis, including whole exome and whole genome sequencing was performed. Results: Whole exome sequencing identified a single missense mutation in RAG1, R474C (c.1420C&gt;T), which would not account for the clinical presentation. Healthy individuals with only 1 mutation have been reported. Subsequently, whole genome sequencing revealed a novel second heterozygous missense variant, H945D (c.2833G&gt;T) in the RAG1 gene. Conclusion: Hypomorphic RAG1 mutations with residual activity have a diverse phenotypic expression. Identifying and understanding the implications of these mutations is crucial for disease prognostication and tailoring management. Statement of novelty: We present a novel RAG1 missense variant, with likely complete or partial loss of function, in a patient with significant impairment in cellular immunity.
Label-free screening of brain tissue myelin content using phase imaging with computational specificity (PICS) (2021)

ABSTRACT Inadequate myelination in the central nervous system is associated with neurodevelopmental complications. Thus, quantitative, high spatial resolution measurements of myelin levels are highly desirable. We used spatial light interference microcopy (SLIM), a highly sensitive quantitative phase imaging (QPI) technique, to correlate the dry mass content of myelin in piglet brain tissue with dietary changes and gestational size. We combined SLIM micrographs with an AI classifying model that allows us to discern subtle disparities in myelin distributions with high accuracy. This concept of combining QPI label-free data with AI for the purpose of extracting molecular specificity has recently been introduced by our laboratory as phase imaging with computational specificity (PICS). Training on nine thousand SLIM images of piglet brain tissue with the 71-layer transfer learning model Xception, we created a two-parameter classification to differentiate gestational size and diet type with an accuracy of 82% and 80%, respectively. To our knowledge, this type of evaluation is impossible to perform by an expert pathologist or other techniques.
ChemInform Abstract: INTERCONVERSION OF TETRAHEDRAL AND Π‐CARBONYL CONTAINING BUTTERFLY CLUSTERS: (FE4(MPR3)(CO)12(η2‐CO))‐⇌(FE4(MPR3)(CO)13)‐ (M = GOLD, R = ETHYL; M = COPPER, R = PHENYL) AND FE4(AUPET3)(CO)12(η2‐COME) (1985)

Abstract IR‐spektroskopische und Tieftemp‐ÜC‐ NMR‐spektroskopische Untersuchungen bestätigen, daß der aus dem anionischen Tridecacarbonyl‐Cluster (Ia) und Chloro‐triphenylphosphin‐Au(l) gebildete und isolierte Cluster (II) eine Butterfly‐Struktur mit einem ll‐CO‐Liganrlen besitzt.
Autenticação Comportamental de Motoristas em Redes Veiculares (2018)

Muito se discute sobre o potencial de processamento e comunicação sem ﬁo de veículos em um sistema de transporte. Nesse sentido, as redes veiculares (VANETs) têm como objetivo explorar a capacidade de comunicação e sensoriamento de veículos para alimentar com dados aplicações e serviços. VANETs também contribuem para o surgimento de Sistemas de Assistência ao Motorista (ADAS) e Sistemas de Transporte Inteligente (ITS), que buscam fornecer serviços aos usuários como viagens mais seguras e menos cansativas. Muitos desses sistemas necessitam autenticar seus usuários, porém o fazem de maneira que um motorista invasor possa utilizá-los. Este trabalho explora a identiﬁcação de motoristas como fator extra de autenticação em serviços locais e de uma rede veicular. Para isso, foi desenvolvido um sensor virtual para determinar a identidade de motoristas, com precisão acima de 98%, usando dados de sensores embarcados. Esse sensor também é utilizado na identiﬁcação de motoristas suspeitos. Além disso, diante da identiﬁcação de suspeitos, são discutidos os impactos desses motoristas na disseminação de dados em uma rede veicular.
Persistent respiratory effort after adenotonsillectomy in children with sleep‐disordered breathing (2017)

4. Laryngoscope, 128:1230-1237, 2018.
Ultra low power processor using perpendicular-STT-MRAM/SRAM based hybrid cache toward next generation normally-off computers (2012)

This paper presents novel processor architecture for HP-processor with MRAM/SRAM-based hybrid cache memory. By simulations of HP-processor using MTJs, it has been clarified that total power of the HP-processor using perpendicular-(p-)STT-MRAM [H. Yoda, et al., Current Appl. Phys. 10, e87 (2010)] can be reduced by 50.2% without any degradation of operation speed. This is the first report on effectively decreasing total power of HP-processors with no degradation of performance using magnetic memory. The presented architecture will be the first step to realize the next generation “normally-off computers.”
In3+‐doped TiO2 and TiO2/In2S3 Nanocomposite for Photocatalytic and Stoichiometric Degradations (2011)

A novel In(3+)-doped TiO(2) and TiO(2)/In(2)S(3) nanocomposites for photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants and stoichiometric degradation of warfare agents were prepared by a homogeneous hydrolysis with urea and thioacetamide, respectively. The prepared samples series TiInTAA were annealed at 600°C. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, IR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, specific surface area (BET) and porosity determination. The method of UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy was employed to estimate band-gap energies. The photocatalytic activity (PCA) was tested by degradation of Orange dye, whereas stoichiometric activity was studied by degradation of sulfur mustard. Incorporation of In(3+) into titania lattice increases PCA of TiO(2) in the visible light and increases stoichiometric decomposition of sulfur mustard against nondoped TiO(2) as well. PCA of TiO(2)/In(2)S(3) composite depends on the optimal ratio of TiO(2):In(2)S(3) in composite, while the activity for stoichiometric decomposition of sulfur mustards depends on the content of In(2)S(3) in nanocomposite.
Laboratory evaluation of the efficacy and speed of kill of lotilaner (Credelio™) against Ctenocephalides felis on cats (2018)

Lotilaner administered orally to cats at the minimum recommended dose rate of 6 mg/kg was effective as early as 8 hours post-administration and at 8 hours after subsequent weekly infestations of adult C. felis for at least one month. The product was well-tolerated.
Self-Suspending Proppant (2013)

Abstract Presented here is a new approach to hydraulic fracturing, using proppants that self-suspend in water. To form these self-suspending proppants (SSP), conventional proppant particles are encapsulated with a thin layer of a high-molecular-weight hydrogel polymer, and then dried, yielding a free-flowing granular system that can be handled much like traditional proppants. Once the SSP contacts water, the hydrogel layer expands spontaneously and it forms a space-filling cushion around each granule. These SSPs were created to address the performance limitations that exist with traditional proppants. In contrast to traditional proppants, SSPs remain well suspended and evenly distributed within fracturing fluid. The new technology can be applied to a variety of proppant substrates. Properties of the SSP arise from the hydrogel formulation used as their coating. Upon hydration in water, the hydrogel coating around the proppant particles imbibes water quickly and swells substantially, expanding the hydrodynamic radius of the polymer-enveloped solid core. In addition, any SSP particles that settle are easily resuspended upon restart of flow. The self-suspending proppant approach delivers proppants efficiently with the hydraulic fracturing fluid and results in no observable segregation/sedimentation. Conventional breakers are used to reverse the effect of the hydrogel layer, releasing the proppant into the fracture after transport. Conventional proppants have a tendency to settle out of the carrier fluid, causing segregation during pumping. By contrast, the self-suspending proppant technology enables complete proppant suspension until deposition in the fracture. Moreover, using SSP can eliminate the need for the viscosity and suspension properties of a gel carrier entirely, thereby reducing the hydraulic pumping pressure for proppant transport. This self-suspending proppant technology offers a promising alternative to the proppant systems currently available for hydraulic fracturing applications. The major benefit of the SSP is better placement of proppant in the fracture, leading to lower water injection requirements, lower proppant usage, and improved well productivity.
Characterization of SiC JFETs and its Application in Extreme Temperature (over 450°C) Circuit Design (2010)

In order to facilitate the circuit design and simulation at extreme temperatures, APEI, Inc. fully characterized a custom-built SiC VJFET transistor at temperatures up to 525 °C and built a Spice model based on the characterization data. The temperature effects were also formulized in this Spice model to ensure its uniform applicability over the entire temperature range. Test circuits of a differential amplifier and a multivibrator were built and tested from room temperature up to 450 °C to validate the proposed SiC JFET model, which could be widely applied in Spice based circuit simulation packages.
Directional denoising of aerial images by splitting-signals (2006)

Aerial imagery is a very important data source used in underwater oceanographic studies. These images are usually corrupted by clutters caused by surface water waves. Removal of the wave clutters from these images is an important preprocessing step for accurate assessment of information since the clutters interfere with useful information over the surface. In this work we propose a novel method combining the tensor transform by wavelet transform and denoising these images. Surface waves are classified in two categories: ripple waves and spark waves. Both types of clutters are directional and can be detected by the tensor representation of the image. To remove the long-waves, the subband-filtering technique is used, but it is reduced to 1-D filtering by means of the splitting-signals in the tensor representation. To remove the short-waves, the well-known SMEME (spectral spatial maximum exclusive mean) filter is used with the tensor transform as a pre-step of the filter.
Perception of voicing for syllable-initial stops at different intensities: Does synchrony capture signal voiceless stop consonants? (1995)

In response to stop consonants with longer F1-cutback duration, the dominant synchronization of mid- and high-CF chinchilla auditory-nerve fibers changes from frequencies near F2 to frequencies near F1 at onset of voicing [D. G. Sinex and L. P. McDonald, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 85, 1995-2004 (1989)]. If this change in neural synchronization is perceptually relevant for human listeners, then it may be predicted that changes in stimulus intensity and changes in the frequency difference between lower (F1) and higher (F2/F3) stimulus components should both affect perception of voicing. In a series of experiments, multiple continua of synthesized CVs varying in F1 cutback of the consonantal portion were played to listeners at levels ranging from 40 to 80 dB SPL. Across experiments, the frequency difference between F1 and F2 was manipulated by changing the onset frequency of F1 or F2. Subjects labeled more initial stops as voiceless as a function of increasing stimulus level and of decreasing frequency difference between F1 and F2. There was also an interaction between stimulus intensity and the frequency difference between F1 and F2 such that the effect of intensity was greater for smaller differences. These effects were reliable across a number of synthetic F1-cutback series, and the effect of intensity extended to a digitally edited series of hybrid CVs in which F1-cutback was varied by cross splicing naturally produced /da/ and /ta/. The effect of overall stimulus intensity was not affected by amplitude of prevocalic aspiration energy or by the presence or absence of release bursts. The results provide evidence for the perceptual significance of synchrony encoding of voicing for stop consonants.
Illicit drugs in wastewater - SCORE initiative (2019)

Members and partners of the Sewage analyses CORe group Europe - (SCORE) measured five illicit drug residues in wastewater 2011-2017 (every year one week). The data set covers in total 143 wastewater treatment plants in 120 cities from 37 countries, which were monitored at least once.
Metabolites of the Marine Fungus Humicola fuscoatra KMM 4629. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Matteson Homologation of Arylboronic Esters (2022)

Abstract Commercially available arylboronic acids can easily be converted into chiral boronic esters which can be subjected to Matteson homologations using Grignard reagents. The best results are obtained in one pot protocols without isolation of the α‐chloroboronic ester intermediates. Alkoxides can also be used as nucleophiles, but the corresponding homologated boronic esters are found to be not stable.
Fluorometric Liposome Screen for Inhibitors of a Physiologically Important Bacterial Ion Channel (2021)

The bacterial K<sup>+</sup> homeostasis machinery is widely conserved across bacterial species, and different from that in animals. Dysfunction in components of the machinery has an impact on intracellular turgor, membrane potential, adaptation to changes in both extracellular pH and osmolarity, and in virulence. Using a fluorescence-based liposome flux assay, we have performed a high-throughput screen to identify novel inhibitors of the KtrAB ion channel complex from <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, a component of the K<sup>+</sup> homeostasis machinery that is also present in many bacterial pathogens. The screen identified 41 compounds that inhibited K<sup>+</sup> flux and that clustered into eight chemical groups. Many of the identified inhibitors were found to target KtrAB with an <i>in vitro</i> potency in the low μM range. We investigated the mechanisms of inhibition and found that most molecules affected either the membrane component of the channel, KtrB alone or the full KtrAB complex without a preference for the functional conformation of the channel, thus broadening their inhibitory action. A urea derivative molecule that inhibited the membrane component of KtrAB affected cell viability in conditions in which KtrAB activity is essential. With this proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate that targeting components of the K<sup>+</sup> homeostasis machinery has the potential as a new antibacterial strategy and that the fluorescence-based flux assay is a robust tool for screening chemical libraries.
Achieving O(1) IP lookup on GPU-based software routers (2010)

IP address lookup is a challenging problem due to the increasing routing table size, and higher line rate. This paper investigates a new way to build an efficient IP lookup scheme using graphics processor units(GPU). Our contribution here is to design a basic architecture for high-performance IP lookup engine with GPU, and to develop efficient algorithms for routing prefix operations such as lookup, deletion, insertion, and modification. In particular, the IP lookup scheme can achieve O(1) time complexity. Our experimental results on real-world route traces show promising 6x gains in IP lookup throughput.
Cytotoxicity and apoptosis by survivin small interfering RNA in bladder cancer cells (2010)

RNA interference can efficiently suppress survivin expression in T24 cells. Targeting survivin by siRNA may be a promising approach to block proliferation of bladder cancer cells and may provide a suitable adjuvant therapy for treatment of bladder cancer.
Micromegas for Axion Search and Prospects (2007)

The Micromegas technology can be used to construct very powerful detectors for low background, low energy measurements. A Micromegas X-ray detector has been used to search for solar axions in the CAST experiment at CERN. The detector has an active area of 7 cm × 7 cm, a very good x-y position, and a good energy resolution. It is built using low radioactivity materials and it is capable of low energy X-ray measurements of a few hundred eV. Despite the lack of external shielding the obtained background level is below 5 × 105 counts/keV/cm2/s. The detector is being upgraded with a reduced active area Micromegas module, a focusing X-Ray telescope and shielding, which are expected to further reduce the background by about two orders of magnitude.
Investigation of the Disproportionation Reactions and Equilibrium of Lithium Difluoro(Oxalato) Borate (LiDFOB) (2011)

Lithium difluoro(oxalato) borate (LiDFOB) is a promising alternative lithium salt for lithium ion battery electrolytes. The ligand exchange reaction of LiDFOB to generate Lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4) and lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB) was investigated by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. A thermally induced equilibrium exists between LiDFOB, LiBF 4 and LiBOB. The activation barrier for conversion of LiDFOB to LiBF4 and LiBOB is 137 KJ mol-1 and the equilibrium favors LiDOFB by 14 KJ mol-1. © 2011 The Electrochemical Society.
Modeling and understanding end-to-end class of service policies in operational networks (2009)

Business and economic considerations are driving the extensive use of service differentiation in Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) operated for business enterprises today. The resulting Class of Service (CoS) designs embed complex policy decisions based on the described priorities of various applications, extent of bandwidth availability, and cost considerations. These inherently complex high-level policies are realized through low-level router configurations. The configuration process is tedious and error-prone given the highly intertwined nature of CoS configuration, the multiple router configurations over which the policies are instantiated, and the complex access control lists (ACLs) involved. Our contributions include (i) a formal approach to modeling CoS policies from router configuration files in a precise manner; (ii) a practical and computationally efficient tool that can determine the CoS treatment received by an arbitrary set of flows across multiple routers; and (iii) a validation of our approach in enabling applications such as troubleshooting, auditing, and visualization of network-wide CoS design, using router configuration data from a cross-section of 150 diverse enterprise VPNs. To our knowledge, this is the first effort aimed at modeling and analyzing CoS configurations.
Calcium-Alginate Hydrogel-Encapsulated Fibroblasts Provide Sustained Release of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (2012)

Vascularization of engineered or damaged tissues is essential to maintain cell viability and proper tissue function. Revascularization of the left ventricle (LV) of the heart after myocardial infarction is particularly important, since hypoxia can give rise to chronic heart failure due to inappropriate remodeling of the LV after death of cardiomyocytes (CMs). Fibroblasts can express vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which plays a major role in angiogenesis and also acts as a chemoattractant and survival factor for CMs and cardiac progenitors. In this in vitro model study, mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblasts encapsulated in 2% w/v Ca-alginate were shown to remain viable for 150 days. Semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that over 21 days of encapsulation, fibroblasts continued to express VEGF, while enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that there was sustained release of VEGF from the Ca-alginate during this period. The scaffold degraded gradually over the 21 days, without reduction in volume. Cells released from the Ca-alginate at 7 and 21 days as a result of scaffold degradation were shown to retain viability, to adhere to fibronectin in a normal manner, and continue to express VEGF, demonstrating their potential to further contribute to maintenance of cardiac function after scaffold degradation. This model in vitro study therefore demonstrates that fibroblasts encapsulated in Ca-alginate provide sustained release of VEGF.