gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interrogating PI3K to induce PD-L1 expression in oral carcinoma. (2018)

e24119 Background: PD-L1 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (oSCC) is well characterized and is one potential mechanism for suppression of the anti-tumor immune response. Enhanced phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway signaling is another hallmark of oSCC, but its ability to alter the immune response to cytokines is not entirely known. We explored the effect of PI3K activation on PD-L1 expression in the presence of interferon-gamma (IFN-g). Methods: HPV-negative SqCC/Y1 oSCC cells were treated with a PTEN inhibitor VO-OHpic and small molecule AKT activator SC79 in the presence of escalating doses of interferon-gamma (IFN-g). Flow cytometry was utilized to evaluate the effect of PI3K activation on PD-L1, MHC I, and MHC II. Correlative studies with PI3K inhibitor pictilisib and dual PI3K & mTOR inhibitor dactolisib were performed. Western blots for AKT, phospho-AKT (p-AKT), and interferon regulatory factor (IRF-1), a known regulator of PD-L1 and MHC, were performed. Clinical correlates utilizing immunohistochemistry (IHC) on human oral cancers were conducted. Results: We demonstrate that both VO-OHpic and SC79 enhance PD-L1 induction by IFN-g and repress MHC I & II. PI3K inhibition with pictilisib conversely repressed PD-L1 and enhanced MHC I & II. Western blots showed increased p-AKT with PI3K activation and increased IRF-1 with PI3K inhibition. IHC in patient biopsy samples showed an inverse relationship between phospho-S6 and MHC I expression. Conclusions: Using small molecule modulators of PI3K signaling, we demonstrate that the PI3K pathway can play opposing roles in the induction of PD-L1 and MHC I by IFN-g in oral squamous carcinoma cells. Further studies in other epithelial cancers and clinical correlates are warranted.
Advantages of using relative-phase Toffoli gates with an application to multiple control Toffoli optimization (2016)

Various implementations of the Toffoli gate up to a relative phase have been known for years. The advantage over the regular Toffoli gate is its smaller circuit size. However, its use has been often limited to a demonstration of quantum control in designs such as those where the Toffoli gate is being applied last or otherwise for some specific reasons the relative phase does not matter. It was commonly believed that the relative-phase deviations would prevent the relative-phase Toffoli gates from being very helpful in practical large-scale designs. In this paper, we report three circuit identities that provide the means for replacing certain configurations of the multiple control Toffoli gates with their simpler relative-phase implementations, up to a selectable unitary on certain qubits, and without changing the overall functionality. We illustrate the advantage via applying those identities to the optimization of the known circuits implementing multiple control Toffoli gates, and report the reductions in the controlled-not count, $T$count, as well as the number of ancillae used. We suggest that a further study of the relative-phase Toffoli implementations and their use may yield other optimizations.
Resistive Switching Ion-Plug Memory for 32-nm Technology Node and Beyond (2009)

We report a novel resistive switching ion-plug memory (IPM) with a dual-layered structure containing a solid electrolyte layer (supply layer) that has Cu ions and a resistive switching layer (memory layer). By adopting this structure, IPM achieved higher endurance and longer retention time compared to previously reported solid electrolyte memory because excess Cu deposition was prevented. The conductive path of Cu with a 20 nmφ was observed by a cross sectional transmission electron microscope analysis. Generation/rupture of the path enables local resistance switching at diameters smaller than 32 nmφ. A set/reset operation that takes 30 ns and an endurance of 109 cycles were presented. IPM is a promising candidate for high-density memory for 32-nm technology node and beyond.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Posaconazole: a Monocentric Study with 54 Adults (2009)

Posaconazole is a potent broad-spectrum triazole antifungal. Little is known about the prevalence and risk factors for low plasma posaconazole concentrations (PPCs). We retrospectively reviewed all adult patients whose PPCs were measured after at least 5 days of treatment between April 2006 and July 2008 at the Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades. A low PPC was defined as a concentration lower than 500 ng/ml. Fifty-four patients were included: 36 receiving prophylactic (200 mg three times a day) and 18 receiving curative (400 mg twice a day) posaconazole therapy. The prevalence of low PPCs was 44% (16/36) in the prophylaxis group and 22% (4/18) in the curative-treatment group. In the prophylaxis group, low PPCs tended to be more frequent in cases of digestive disease (62.5% versus 30%; P = 0.051) and were significantly more frequent among patients with diarrhea (71.4% versus 27%; P = 0.009) or mucositis (100% versus 33%; P = 0.004). In the curative-treatment group, low PPCs were significantly more frequent in cases of diarrhea (75% versus 7%; P = 0.018). In the prophylaxis group, the only two patients who subsequently developed invasive fungal infections exhibited low PPCs. The only adverse event was hepatotoxicity for 2/54 patients (3.7%), which was not related to high plasma drug concentrations. In conclusion, low PPC is common, significantly more frequent in cases of diarrhea or mucositis, and potentially associated with subsequent invasive fungal infection. Therapeutic drug monitoring of posaconazole is therefore mandatory for immunosuppressed adults, at least for those with gastrointestinal disorders.
Trajectory-Based Anomalous Event Detection (2008)

During the last years, the task of automatic event analysis in video sequences has gained an increasing attention among the research community. The application domains are disparate, ranging from video surveillance to automatic video annotation for sport videos or TV shots. Whatever the application field, most of the works in event analysis are based on two main approaches: the former based on explicit event recognition, focused on finding high-level, semantic interpretations of video sequences, and the latter based on anomaly detection. This paper deals with the second approach, where the final goal is not the explicit labeling of recognized events, but the detection of anomalous events differing from typical patterns. In particular, the proposed work addresses anomaly detection by means of trajectory analysis, an approach with several application fields, most notably video surveillance and traffic monitoring. The proposed approach is based on single-class support vector machine (SVM) clustering, where the novelty detection SVM capabilities are used for the identification of anomalous trajectories. Particular attention is given to trajectory classification in absence of <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">priori</i> information on the distribution of outliers. Experimental results prove the validity of the proposed approach.
Endothelins and Endothelin Receptor Antagonists (2000)

The 21-amino acid peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) is the predominant isoform of the endothelin peptide family, which includes ET-2, ET-3, and ET-4. It exerts various biological effects, including vasoconstriction and the stimulation of cell proliferation in tissues both within and outside of the cardiovascular system. ET-1 is synthesized by endothelin-converting enzymes (ECE), chymases, and non-ECE metalloproteases; it is regulated in an autocrine fashion in vascular and nonvascular cells. ET-1 acts through the activation of G(i)-protein-coupled receptors. ET(A) receptors mediate vasoconstriction and cell proliferation, whereas ET(B) receptors are important for the clearance of ET-1, endothelial cell survival, the release of nitric oxide and prostacyclin, and the inhibition of ECE-1. ET is activated in hypertension, atherosclerosis, restenosis, heart failure, idiopathic cardiomyopathy, and renal failure. Tissue concentrations more reliably reflect the activation of the ET system because increased vascular ET-1 levels occur in the absence of changes in plasma. Experimental studies using molecular and pharmacological inhibition of the ET system and the first clinical trials have demonstrated that ET-1 takes part in normal cardiovascular homeostasis. Thus, ET-1 plays a major role in the functional and structural changes observed in arterial and pulmonary hypertension, glomerulosclerosis, atherosclerosis, and heart failure, mainly through pressure-independent mechanisms. ET antagonists are promising new agents in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Loss of penicillin tolerance by inactivating the carbon catabolite repression determinant CcpA in Streptococcus gordonii (2007)

CcpA, a global regulator of the carbon catabolite repression system, is implicated in penicillin tolerance both in vitro and in vivo. This links antibiotic survival to bacterial sugar metabolism. However, since ccpA sequence and expression were similar between the WT and Tol1 strains, other factors are probably involved in tolerance.
Practical Engine Layouts (1972)

In Chapter 1 the two-stroke and four-stroke working cycles were described and the basic machinery of a useful single-cylinder engine was introduced. In this chapter practical car engine layouts including the essential supporting systems are described in general terms. The systems are dealt with first to help the reader follow the later paragraphs on cylinder layouts.
Effect of Biphasic Shock Duration on Defibrillation Threshold With Different Electrode Configurations and Phase 2 Capacitances (1999)

The BSD with lowest DFT is shorter for AC+SVC than for AC. There is no significant difference in voltage DFT between both at optimal BSD. A lower phase 2 capacitance reduces DFTs irrespective of BSD. Because strength-duration curves for DFT and ULV correlate for different BSDs, lead systems, and phase 2 capacitances, ULV determination may allow the prediction of waveforms with lowest DFT.
Gerüstumlagerung eines α,β ‐ungesättigten γ,δ‐Epoxiketons bei der Birch‐Reduktion: Strukturaufklärung mittels 13C‐INADEQUATE‐NMR‐Spektroskopie (1984)

Abstract Skeleton Rearrangement of an α‐β‐Unsaturated γ,δ‐Epoxyketone during Birch Reduction: Structure Elucidation by Means of 13 C‐INADEQUATE‐NMR Spectroscopy When the γ‐epoxide 2 of β‐ionone is treated under standard Birch ‐reduction conditions, unexpectedly a 70% combined yield of regioisomeric octalones 4 and 5 is isolated. These products unquestionably result form cleavage of the central epoxide CC bond. The structure of compounds 4 and 5 could be determined by means of 13 C‐INADEQUATE‐NMR spectroscopy.
Condensed tannin concentrations found in vegetative and mature forage legumes grown in western Canada (2011)

Berard, N. C., Wang, Y., Wittenberg, K. M., Krause, D. O., Coulman, B. E., McAllister, T. A. and Ominski, K. H. 2011. Condensed tannin concentrations found in vegetative and mature forage legumes grown in western Canada. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 669–675. There has been limited effort to examine condensed tannin (CT) concentrations of forage legume species grown in western Canada. Using the butanol-HCl technique, extractable CT concentrations were measured in Trifolium hybridum L., T. ambiguum M. Bieb, T. pratense L., T. repens L., Dalea purpurea Vent., Onobrychis viciifolia Scop., Lotus corniculatus L., Medicago sativa L., and Astragalus cicer L. collected from research and variety trial plots across the Canadian prairies. Above ground plant biomass was harvested at the vegetative and mature physiological stages for two growing seasons. Dalea purpurea, a native legume, had the highest mean CT concentration of 68.6±22.6 g kg −1 DM, with minimum and maximum values ranging from 37.9 to 92.9 g kg −1 DM. Onobrychis viciifolia had the second highest mean CT concentration (46.0 g kg −1 DM) with a range of 16.3 to 94.4 g kg −1 DM. The third highest mean CT concentration of 15.1 g kg −1 DM was found in L. corniculatus with a range of 0.0 to 25.7 g kg −1 DM. Forage biomass had higher CT concentrations (P&lt;0.05) when harvested at the mature stage for all species except O. viciifolia, which had higher CT concentrations in the vegetative state. The potential benefit of inclusion of these species in ruminant diets at the observed concentrations requires further exploration.
Overexpression of phage-type RNA polymerase RpoTp in tobacco demonstrates its role in chloroplast transcription by recognizing a distinct promoter type (2004)

Plant cells possess three DNA-containing compartments, the nucleus, the mitochondria and the plastids. Accordingly, plastid gene regulation is fairly complex. Albeit plastids retained their own genome and prokaryotic-type gene expression system by a plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP), they need a second nuclear-encoded plastid transcription activity, NEP. Candidate genes for putative NEP catalytic subunits have been cloned in Arabidopsis thaliana (AtRpoTp) and Nicotiana sylvestris (NsRpoTp). To provide evidence for RpoTp as a gene encoding a NEP catalytic subunit, we introduced the AtRpoTp and NsRpoTp cDNAs into the tobacco nucleus under the control of the strong constitutive CaMV 35S promoter. Analysis of transcription from NEP and PEP promoters in these transgenic plants using primer extension assays revealed enhanced transcription from typical type I NEP promoters as PatpB-289 in comparison with the wild type. These data provide direct evidence that RpoTp is a catalytic subunit of NEP and involved in recognition of a distinct subset of type I NEP promoters.
COMSP: Correlated Contact and Message Scheduling Policy in DTN (2013)

The routing algorithms of DTN (Delay- and Disruption-Tolerant Networks) have not been efficient enough until now, which is one of the hot spots for DTN research. In this paper, aiming at fully using the knowledge inside the DTN environments both locally and globally, we propose a forecast method based on time-varying graph using time series analysis theory. By processing the history contact data with ARMA(Auto Regression Moving Average) model of time series analysis theory, we can predict the start time and the duration of future contact between specified nodes, without needing to know the movement model of the nodes. Then we devise an algorithm based on correlated contact and message scheduling policy (COMSP) with the utility of messages and contacts taken into consideration. From the simulation result, the algorithm performs higher efficiency under the different transmit speed situations than most of the ones for comparing in both the cost and performance(e.g. delivery ratio, latency, hops, buffer time, overhead and so on).
Fabrication and Evaluation of B<sub>4</sub>C/Cu FGM as Plasma Facing Materials (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Near dipole-dipole effects in dense media of two-level atoms (1992)

In condensed matter of densities such that there are many atoms within a cubic atomic resonance wavelength, induced near dipole-dipole interactions (NDD) effects can cause dynamic frequency chirp in near resonant electromagnetic field-matter interactions. 1 Using semiclassical theory for two-level atomic systems and a Green's function solution to the wave equation, we derive a self-consistent set of renormalized Bloch–Maxwell equations, useful for discussion of nonlinear optical processes in condensed matter systems, and discuss some of their implications. The strength of the induced near dipole-dipole coupling is found to be ε = (4π/3) u 2 n, and it causes inversion-dependent frequency chirp in the system. Here, u is the matrix element of the transition dipole moment and n is the density of atoms.
Quantifying the effects of mechanical signals on musculoskeletal quality in a model of complete estrogen deprivation (2018)

Background and Hypothesis: Post-menopausal, estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer patients are treated with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) to limit tumor progression; however, this causes adverse musculoskeletal effects. Zoledronic acid (ZA) is prescribed to inhibit bone resorption. Mechanical signals, delivered via low intensity vibration (LIV), stimulate bone formation. We hypothesize that combining LIV with ZA will mitigate bone loss in a murine model of complete estrogen-deprivation more effectively than either treatment alone. Project Methods: 21-week-old C57BL/6 mice (n=20/group) were ovariectomized, receiving daily letrozole injections (OVX/AI) with LIV (OVX/AI+LIV), ZA (OVX/AI+ZA), LIV and ZA (OVX/AI+LIV/ZA) or underwent sham surgery with daily PBS (vehicle) injections (SH-OVX) for 22 weeks. Longitudinal dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and micro-computed tomography scans were analyzed for changes in body composition and bone microarchitecture, respectively. Results: OVX/AI reduced whole body (p&lt; 0.0001) and lumbar spine (p&lt;0.0001) bone mineral density (BMD) as compared to SH-OVX by 11% and 28%, respectively, as measured via DEXA. At 22w, OVX/AI+LIV/ZA had greater BMD across both regions-of-interest relative to OVX/AI (p&lt;0.0001). Cortical bone area fraction (p&lt;0.0001) and cortical thickness (p[Symbol]0.001) in distal femora decreased by 8% and 9%, respectively, in OVX/AI relative to SH-OVX. In OVX/AI+LIV/ZA, these parameters were greater relative to OVX/AI (p[Symbol]0.0001). OVX/AI+ZA and OVX/AI+LIV groups were not significantly different from OVX/AI in either cortical bone area fraction or cortical thickness. Conclusion and Potential Impact: Complete estrogen-deprivation reduced bone mineral density and altered microarchitecture. Mechanical signals provided via LIV combined with ZA prevent bone loss in aged estrogen-deprived mice. Combining these treatment strategies may reduce skeletal morbidity in breast cancer patients.
Effectiveness of Different Analytical Methods for the Characterization of Propolis: A Case of Study in Northern Italy (2020)

<b>:</b> Propolis is used as folk medicine due to its spectrum of alleged biological and pharmaceutical properties and it is a complex matrix not still totally characterized. Two batches of propolis coming from two different environments (plains of Po Valley and the hilly Ligurian-Piedmont Apennines) of Northern Italy were characterized using different analytical methods: Spectrophotometric analysis of phenols, flavones and flavonols, and DPPH radical scavenging activity, HPLC, NMR, HSPME and GC-MS and HPLC-MS Orbitrap. Balsam and moisture content were also considered. No statistical differences were found at the spectrophotometric analysis; balsam content did not vary significantly. The most interesting findings were in the VOCs composition, with the Po Valley samples containing compounds of the resins from leaf buds of <i>Populus</i> <i>nigra</i> L. The hills (Appennines) samples were indeed characterize by the presence of phenolic glycerides already found in mountain environments. HPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap<sup>®</sup>-MS analysis is crucial in appropriate recognition of evaluate number of metabolites, but also NMR itself could give more detailed information especially when isomeric compounds should be identified. It is necessary a standardized evaluation to protect and valorize this production and more research on propolis characterization using different analytical techniques.
Limited Cross-Linking of 4-1BB by 4-1BB Ligand and the Agonist Monoclonal Antibody Utomilumab (2018)

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the co-stimulatory molecule 4-1BB are of interest for tumor immunotherapy. We determined the complex structures of human 4-1BB with 4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL) or utomilumab to elucidate the structural basis of 4-1BB activation. The 4-1BB/4-1BBL complex displays a typical TNF/TNFR family binding mode. The structure of utomilumab/4-1BB complex shows that utomilumab binds to dimeric 4-1BB with a distinct but partially overlapping binding area with 4-1BBL. Competitive binding analysis demonstrates that utomilumab blocks the 4-1BB/4-1BBL interaction, indicating the interruption of ligand-mediated signaling. The binding profiles of 4-1BBL and utomilumab to monomeric or dimeric 4-1BB indicate limited cross-linking of 4-1BB molecules. These findings provide mechanistic insight into the binding of 4-1BB with its ligand and its agonist mAb, which may facilitate the future development of anti-4-1BB biologics for tumor immunotherapy.
Very-low-calorie-ketogenic-diet (VLCKD) as a nutritional therapeutical option for chronic management in obese patients with type 2 diabetes: a case report (2023)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
More on mass versus weight (1981)

Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation James Rainwater, L. J. Giacoletto, Louis F. Sokol, T. Tsang, Fred Ordway, Howard Voss, Donald F. Nelson, Peter Mikes, Albert A. Bartlett, David T. Goldman; More on mass versus weight. Physics Today 1 September 1981; 34 (9): 15–103. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2914742 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentPhysics Today Search Advanced Search
Estimation of step-by-step spatio-temporal parameters of normal and impaired gait using shank-mounted magneto-inertial sensors: application to elderly, hemiparetic, parkinsonian and choreic gait (2014)

The proposed method is apparently extremely robust since gait speed did not substantially affect its performance and both missed and extra GEs were avoided. The spatio-temporal parameters estimates showed smaller errors than those reported in previous studies and a similar level of precision and accuracy for both healthy and pathologic gait patterns. The combination of robustness, precision and accuracy suggests that the proposed method is suitable for routine clinical use.
Yellow frequency-doubled self-heated Yb fiber laser (2008)

1160 nm Yb fiber laser with 55% efficiency was realized. ASE was suppressed due to self-heating of the active fiber during lasing. Laser power of 9.1 W was converted to 860 mW at 580 nm.