gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
INDUCTION OF APOPTOSIS IN HUMAN EPITHELIAL CELLS BY SHIGATOXIN-1: ROLE OF GLOBOTRIAOSYLCERAMIDE (1998)

59 Background/ Aims: Human intestinal epithelial cells lack the receptor globotriaosylceramide (Gb-3) for Shigatoxin-1 (Stx-1). Therefore, the role of the Stx-1 in mediating intestinal disease is unclear. In previous studies, we have shown that Stx-1 undergoes directed translocation in intestinal cells lacking Gb-3. The aim of the present study was to determine if Stx-1 induces apoptosis in human epithelial cells expressing (HEp-2) or lacking (T84) Gb-3. Methods: HEp-2 and T84 cells were incubated in serum-free media with varying concentrations of Stx-1 (1.25, 6.25 12.5, 25.0 ng/mL) for up to 48 hours. Cells maintained under the same conditions in the absence of Stx-1 served as controls. Apoptotic cells were identified morphologically using two complimentary techniques: incubation with the flourescent dyes acridine orange/ ethidium bromide and transmission electron microscopy. Apoptotic cells were quantified using flourescent microscopy. An apoptotic index was determined by enumerating the mean percentage of apoptotic cells per 500 cells. Results: Stx-1 induced a dose dependent increase in apoptosis in HEp-2 cells compared to control cells with a maximum effect seen at a dosage of 12.5 ng/mL (21.9 ± 7.9% vs. 0.8 ± 0.3%, p<0.01). Incubation with 12.5 ng/mL of Stx-1 resulted in an increase in apoptosis at all time points compared to control cells with the maximal effect observed at 24 hours (20.7 ± 4.7 vs. 1.5 ± 0.7, p<0.005). In contrast, T84 cells were resistant to Stx-1-induced apoptosis at concentrations as high as 1000 ng/mL for up to 48 hours. Conclusions: Stx-1 induced a dose and time dependent increase in apoptosis in HEp-2 cells but not in T84 cells. These findings suggest that Stx-1 binding via the Gb-3 receptor is required to signal epithelial cells to undergo programmed cell death. Ongoing studies are aimed at characterizing the molecular determinants of Stx-1-mediated apoptosis.
Other Parts of ‘Greater China’ since 1911 (1996)

The preceding outline of the history of China since 1911 has been dominated by the events, personalities and trends in what is often called Mainland China. This was the administered area and population bequeathed to the Chinese Republic by the Qing Dynasty at its demise, excluding the Mongol lands in the north which in 1945 became the Mongolian People's Republic, also known as Outer Mongolia. Yet clearly there is a need for some representation of the history of other areas where ethnic Chinese have dominated the population, areas which today are claimed by the People's Republic as inalienable parts of China. These areas are Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan with its associated offshore islands, and from the early 1990s they and the People's Republic of China together have often been described as 'Greater China'.
Application of an Optimal Tuner Selection Approach for On-Board Self-Tuning Engine Models (2012)

An enhanced design methodology for minimizing the error in on-line Kalman filter-based aircraft engine performance estimation applications is presented in this paper. It specifically addresses the under-determined estimation problem, in which there are more unknown parameters than available sensor measurements. This work builds upon an existing technique for systematically selecting a model tuning parameter vector of appropriate dimension to enable estimation by a Kalman filter, while minimizing the estimation error in the parameters of interest. While the existing technique was optimized for open-loop engine operation at a fixed design point, in this paper an alternative formulation is presented that enables the technique to be optimized for an engine operating under closed-loop control throughout the flight envelope. The theoretical Kalman filter mean squared estimation error at a steady-state closed-loop operating point is derived, and the tuner selection approach applied to minimize this error is discussed. A technique for constructing a globally optimal tuning parameter vector, which enables full-envelope application of the technology, is also presented, along with design steps for adjusting the dynamic response of the Kalman filter state estimates. Results from the application of the technique to linear and nonlinear aircraft engine simulations are presented and compared to the conventional approach of tuner selection. The new methodology is shown to yield a significant improvement in on-line Kalman filter estimation accuracy.
Creatine Phosphokinase and Other Serum Enzymes During Radiotherapy (1970)

Twenty-one patients receiving irradiation to major portions of the heart and 24 patients receiving noncardiac irradiation had serial determinations of serum enzymes including lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) before, during, and after therapy. The following conclusions were reached: (1) the serum LDH and SGOT values are not useful to detect radiation-induced myocardial damage since they (as well as the SGPT) are frequently abnormal and likely to reflect a variety of complications related to the neoplastic disease itself; (2) the CPK remains normal in patients receiving irradiation to various tumors, including large areas of skeletal muscle and the right border of the heart, but excluding the major muscular portion of the heart; and (3) a rise in CPK value, noted in five patients during and in two patients following irradiation to the heart, may reflect radiationinduced myocardial damage.
Potential Usefulness ofD2RReporter Gene Imaging by IBF as Gene Therapy Monitoring for Cerebellar Neurodegenerative Diseases (2008)

We investigated a gene expression imaging method to examine the level of therapeutic gene expression in the cerebellum. Using a human immunodeficiency virus derived lentivial vector, we expressed the dopamine D(2) receptor (D(2)R) as a reporter protein to mouse cerebellar Purkinje cells. Biodistribution and ex vivo autoradiography studies were performed by giving [(125)I]5-iodo-7-N-[(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]carboxamide-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran ([(125)I]IBF) (1.85 MBq), as a radioactive D(2)R ligand, to model mice expressing the D(2)R with an HA tag (HA-D(2)R) in the cerebellum. In this study, [(125)I]IBF was bound to the D(2)R expressed in the cerebellum of the model mice selectively. Immunostaining was performed to confirm the HA-D(2)R expression in the cerebellum of the model mice. A significant correlation (r=0.900, P<0.001) between areas that expressed HA-D(2)R by immunostaining and areas in which [(125)I]IBF accumulated by the ex vivo autoradiograms was found. These results indicated that radioiodinated IBF is useful as a reporter probe to detect D(2)R reporter gene expression, which can be used for monitoring therapeutic gene expression in the cerebellum.
Towards a Direct Visualization of Charge Transfer in Monolayer Hexagonal Boron Nitride using a Fast Pixelated Detector in the Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope (2017)

Journal Article Towards a Direct Visualization of Charge Transfer in Monolayer Hexagonal Boron Nitride using a Fast Pixelated Detector in the Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope Get access GT Martinez, GT Martinez Department of Materials, Oxford University, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T J Pennycook, T J Pennycook Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Austria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar TC Naginey, TC Naginey Department of Materials, Oxford University, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L Jones, L Jones Department of Materials, Oxford University, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H Yang, H Yang Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar JR Yates, JR Yates Department of Materials, Oxford University, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar RJ Nicholls, RJ Nicholls Department of Materials, Oxford University, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M Huth, M Huth Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Austria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M Simson, M Simson Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Austria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H Soltau, H Soltau Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ... Show more L Struder, L Struder Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y Kondo, Y Kondo PNDetector GmbH, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R Sagawa, R Sagawa PNDetector GmbH, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar PD Nellist PD Nellist Department of Materials, Oxford University, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 23, Issue S1, 1 July 2017, Pages 436–437, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927617002860 Published: 04 August 2017
Abstract TMP36: Sex Differences in Neutrophil-T Cell Immune Responses and Outcome After Ischemic Stroke in Aged Mice (2018)

Introduction: Sex differences in ischemic stroke are seen in clinical and experimental studies. Men have a higher risk of stroke throughout most of the life-span. Women have greater stroke mortality than men, however a recent multi-continental meta-analysis showed lower mortality in women when adjusted for age, pre-morbid function, stroke severity and other confounding factors. In experimental models, middle-aged female mice have larger strokes, likely due to the loss of estrogen. Less is known about outcomes in very aged animals. Hypothesis: Inflammatory responses are key determinants of stroke outcome and there are important sex differences in the immune response in aged mice. Methods: Male and female C57BL/6 mice (21-22 months) were subjected to 60 min middle cerebral artery occlusion (n=28-32), or sham surgery (n=16). Neutrophils and T cells were quantified in brain and blood at 24 h and 15 days post-stroke by flow cytometry. Functional outcomes were assessed at day 3, 7 and 14. Results: Male mortality was significantly higher than in females (41% vs 16%, P&lt;0.05). Hemorrhagic transformation was seen in 55% of the males that died (6/11) and in none of the females (0/4). Aged males had greater stroke-induced loss of body temperature, splenic contraction and gut permeability (FITC-dextran assay, n=6-7, P&lt;0.05). Acutely after stroke (24 h), aged males had significantly higher brain infiltration of neutrophils and plasma levels of MCP-1 and G-CSF compared to females. Aged males had elevated levels of CD8 + T cells in the blood compared to females at day 15 (73±5% of CD3 + T cells vs 52±3%, P&lt;0.001). Brain T regulatory cells were increased after stroke in males (P&lt;0.01), but not in females. Open-field test showed decreased center visits after stroke at day 3, however males spent more time immobile (P&lt;0.01), indicating decreased locomotor activity/anxiety. This difference equalized at 7 and 14 days post-stroke. Conclusion: Higher mortality and hemorrhagic transformation rates were seen in aged males compared to females after ischemic stroke. This was associated with higher levels of neutrophils/Tregs in the brain and CD8 + T cells in the blood suggesting a greater stroke-induced immune response in aged males.
The influence of constitutional variables on orthogonal electrocardiograms of normal women. (1977)

Correlations between 276 orthogonal electrocardiographic measurements and constitutional variables were made in 450 normal women, aged 18 to 90 years. Advancing age led to decreases in amplitudes, left QRS axis shift, rightward and superior displacement of the ST segment, and anterior shift of the T wave. QZ was absent in 1% of normal women over age 40. In the oldest subjects, Ry amplitude was 71% and RZ amplitude was 80% of the respective values in the youngest group. Whereas QRS amplitude decreases with age leveled off at the sixth decade of life, they continued to old age for ST-T measurements. Men revealed steeper age trends than women. Blacks had larger QRS amplitudes and smaller Q/R ratios than whites. Stratification of electrocardiographic criteria according to age, sex, and race appears essential for routine interpretations and for epidemiological studies where new events, such as myocardial infarcts, need to be differentiated from normal age trends.
RSVP: a geometric toolkit for controlled repair of solid models (1998)

The paper presents a system and the associated algorithms for repairing the boundary representation of CAD models. Two types of errors are considered: topological errors, i.e., aggregate errors, like zero volume parts, duplicate or missing parts, inconsistent surface orientation, etc., and geometric errors, i.e., numerical imprecision errors, like cracks or overlaps of geometry. The output of our system describes a set of clean and consistent two-manifolds (possibly with boundaries) with derived adjacencies. Such solid representation enables the application of a variety of rendering and analysis algorithms, e.g., finite element analysis, radiosity computation, model simplification, and solid free form fabrication. The algorithms described were originally designed to correct errors in polygonal B-Reps. We also present an extension for spline surfaces. Central to our system is a procedure for inferring local adjacencies of edges. The geometric representation of topologically adjacent edges are merged to evolve a set of two-manifolds. Aggregate errors are discovered during the merging step. Unfortunately, there are many ambiguous situations where errors admit more than one valid solution. Our system proposes an object repairing process based on a set of user tunable heuristics. The system also allows the user to override the algorithm's decisions in a repair visualization step. In essence, this visualization step presents an organized and intuitive way for the user to explore the space of valid solutions and to select the correct one.
Battery health management system for electric UAVs (2011)

This paper presents a novel battery health management system for electric UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) based on a Bayesian inference driven prognostic framework. The aim is to be able to predict the end-of-discharge (EOD) event that indicates that the battery pack has run out of charge for any given flight of an electric UAV platform. The amount of usable charge of a battery for a given discharge profile is not only dependent on the starting state-of-charge (SOC), but also other factors like battery health and the discharge or load profile imposed. This problem is more pronounced in battery powered electric UAVs since different flight regimes like takeoff/landing and cruise have different power requirements and a dead stick condition (battery shut off in flight) can have catastrophic consequences. Since UAVs deployments are relatively new, there is a lack of statistically significant flight data to motivate data-driven approaches. Consequently, we have developed a detailed discharge model for the batteries used and used it in a Bayesian inference based filtering (Particle Filtering) technique to generate remaining useful life (RUL) distributions for a given discharge. The results section presents the validation of this approach in hardware-in-the-loop tests.
Augmented Virtuality for Coastal Management: A Holistic Use of In Situ and Remote Sensing for Large Scale Definition of Coastal Dynamics (2018)

In this paper, the authors describe the architecture of a multidisciplinary data acquisition and visualization platform devoted to the management of coastal environments. The platform integrates heterogeneous data acquisition sub-systems that can be roughly divided into two main categories: remote sensing systems and in situ sensing systems. Remote sensing solutions that are going to be implemented include aerial and underwater data acquisition while in situ sensing solutions include the use of Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) tracers, Wireless Sensor Networks and imaging techniques. All the data collected by these subsystems are stored, integrated and fused on a single platform that is also in charge of data visualization and analysis. This last task is carried out according to the paradigm of Augmented Virtuality that foresees the augmentation of a virtually reconstructed environment with data collected in the real world. The described solution proposes a novel holistic approach where different disciplines concur, with different data acquisition techniques, to a large scale definition of coastal dynamics, in order to better describe and face the coastal erosion phenomenon. The overall framework has been conceived by the so-called Team COSTE, a joint research team between the Universities of Pisa, Siena and Florence.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Targeting cardiac fibrosis with engineered T cells. (2019)

Fibrosis is observed in nearly every form of myocardial disease 1 . Upon injury, cardiac fibroblasts (CF) in the heart begin to remodel the myocardium via extracellular matrix deposition, resulting in increased tissue stiffness and reduced compliance. Excessive cardiac fibrosis is an important factor in the progression of various forms of cardiac disease and heart failure 2 . However, clinical interventions and therapies targeting fibrosis remain limited 3 . In this study, we demonstrate the efficacy of redirected T-cell immunotherapy to specifically target pathologic cardiac fibrosis. We find that cardiac fibroblasts expressing a xenogeneic antigen can be effectively targeted and ablated by adoptive transfer of antigen-specific CD8 + T cells. Through expression analysis of cardiac fibroblast gene signatures from healthy versus diseased human hearts, we identified an endogenous CF target; fibroblast activation protein (FAP). Adoptive transfer of T cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) against FAP, results in a significant reduction in cardiac fibrosis and restoration of function after injury in mice. These results provide the proof-of-principle basis for a novel immunotherapeutic avenue for the treatment of cardiac disease.
Nanoplatelets Bridging a Nanotrench: A New Architecture for Photodetectors with Increased Sensitivity (2015)

Interparticle charge hopping severely limits the integration of colloidal nanocrystals films for optoelectronic device applications. We propose here to overcome this problem by using high aspect ratio interconnects made of wide electrodes separated by a few tens of namometers, a distance matching the size of a single nanoplatelet. The semiconducting CdSe/CdS nanoplatelet coupling with such electrodes allows an efficient electron-hole pair dissociation despite the large binding energy of the exciton, resulting in optimal photoconductance responsivity. We report the highest responsivity obtained so far for CdSe colloidal material with values reaching kA·W(-1), corresponding to eight decades of enhancement compared to usual micrometer-scaled architectures. In addition, a decrease of 1 order of magnitude of the current noise is observed, revealing the reduced influence of the surface traps on transport. The nanotrench geometry provides top access to ion gel electrolyte gating, allowing for a photoresponsive transistor with 10(4) on/off ratio. A simple analytical model reproduces the device behavior and underlines the key parameters related to its performance.
Design of an Optical Collimation and Automatic Tracking System (2009)

In order to improve the working dependability and automation degree of such photoelectric system as laser communication,laser guidance or lidar,a design plan was put forward for optical collimation and automatic tracking system.A four-quadrant photodetector was adopted as front detection device.Combined with automatic control technology and precise stepping system,the automatic collimation and tracking for target laserspot was realized.The working principle and the design of hardware circuit and controlling program are introduced in this paper.The system ran successfully after debugging.The scheme of system was proved to be feasible,simple and easy to be realized.The tracking precision of 2-dimensional displacement is demarcated to be less than 10μm.
Incremental Class Testing from a Class Test Order (2006)

Many approaches exist to decide the order in which classes should be integrated during (integration) testing. Most of them, based on an analysis of class dependencies (for instance described in a UML class diagram) aim at producing a partial order indicating which classes should be tested in sequence and which ones can be tested in parallel. We argue in this article that, thanks to the specifics of such a class test order, it is possible to define an incremental strategy for testing classes that promotes reuse during testing, not only along class inheritance hierarchies.
Education Courses and Professional policies in Record management (2002)

In this study, curriculums of Record Management in America, China, France, Japan were reviewed. Through this research, scope and education level of Record Management in Korea were considered, and education purpose, general guidance. curriculum of Record Management in Korea were suggested. Improved qualifications for Record Management Professionals were also suggested.
Chalcogen-Centered Spirocyclic Mixed-Metal Carbonyl Complexes:  Synthesis and Molecular Structures of (CO)8(μ-PCy2)Re2(μ4-E)Fe2(μ-ER)(CO)6and [(CO)8(μ-PCy2)Re2(μ4-E)Fe2(CO)6]2(μ4-E2) (E = S, Se, Te; R = Organic Residue) (2003)

When NEt4[Re2(μ-PCy2)(CO)8] (1) was reacted with Fe2(μ-E2)(CO)6 (E = S, Se, Te) in THF, the salts NEt4[(CO)8(μ-PCy2)Re2(μ4-E)Fe2(μ-E)(CO)6] (E = S (2a), Se (2b), Te (2c)) were formed. Their spirocyclic anions were trapped with MeI, giving the spirocyclic complexes (CO)8(μ-PCy2)Re2(μ4-E)Fe2(μ-EMe)(CO)6 (E = S (3a), Se (3b), Te (3c)). Their molecular structures were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The anions of 2a−c are sensitive to oxidation. On crystallization in the presence of oxygen the corresponding dichalcogenides [(CO)8(μ-PCy2)Re2(μ4-E)Fe2(CO)6]2(μ4-E2) (E = S (4a), Se (4b), Te (4c)) were obtained in good yield. Their molecular structures were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analysis. 2a was also trapped with CF3COOH, giving (CO)8(μ-PCy2)Re2(μ-S4)Fe2(μ-SH)(CO)6 (5). The latter can be expanded by SH oxidative addition of its μ-SH function to Os3(CO)11(NCMe), giving the mixed-metal carbonyl complex (CO)8(μ-PCy2)Re2(μ4-S)Fe2(CO)6(μ3-S)Os3(μ-H)(CO)11 (6). The framework of 6 could be derived from X-ray diffraction data. However, these data were insufficient for complete solution of the molecular structure, but spectroscopic data and elemental analysis of 6 are in accordance with the proposed molecular structure.
Near‐Infrared (NIR) Luminescence from Lanthanide(III) Complexes (2010)

This chapter covers the recent advances in near-infrared (NIR) luminescence of lanthanide(III) complexes focusing on NdIII, ErIII, and YbIII complexes. The photophysical properties including the excited state lifetimes, the quantum yield/emission intensity, and the rates of energy transfer together with the synthetic strategies used to incorporate lanthanide(III) ions into mono- and polymetallic molecular assemblies are summarized.
ChemInform Abstract: THE REACTION OF HMPA WITH LACTONES: UNSATURATED AMIDE FORMATION (1985)

Abstract Die Ring‐ Öffnung der Lactone (I), (IV), (VI) und (VIII) mit HMPA (II) liefert die ungesättigten Carbonsäureamide (III), (V), (VII) und (IX).