gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of left ventricular wall motion based on volumetric deformable models and MRI-SPAMM (1996)

We present a new approach for the analysis of the left ventricular shape and motion based on the development of a new class of volumetric deformable models. We estimate the deformation and complex motion of the left ventricle (LV) in terms of a few parameters that are functions and whose values vary locally across the LV. These parameters capture the radial and longitudinal contraction, the axial twisting, and the long-axis deformation. Using Lagrangian dynamics and finite-element theory, we convert these volumetric primitives into dynamic models that deform due to forces exerted by the datapoints. We present experiments where we used magnetic tagging (MRI-SPAMM) to acquire datapoints from the LV during systole. By applying our method to MRI-SPAMM datapoints, we were able to characterize the 3-D shape and motion of the LV both locally and globally, in a clinically useful way. In addition, based on the model parameters we were able to extract quantitative differences between normal and abnormal hearts and visualize them in a way that is useful to physicians.
The influence of vermihumates substances on properties of soil and cereals productivity (2009)

The results of experimental investigation of the vermihumic substances useful properties as growth activity stimulators and detoxicants are discussion.
Psilocybin targets a common molecular mechanism for cognitive impairment and increased craving in alcoholism (2021)

Alcohol-dependent patients commonly show impairments in executive functions that facilitate craving and can lead to relapse. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to executive dysfunction in alcoholism are poorly understood, and new effective pharmacological treatments are desired. Here, using a bidirectional neuromodulation approach, we demonstrate a causal link between reduced prefrontal mGluR2 function and both impaired executive control and alcohol craving. A neuron-specific prefrontal mGluR2 knockdown in rats generated a phenotype of reduced cognitive flexibility and excessive alcohol seeking. Conversely, virally restoring prefrontal mGluR2 levels in alcohol-dependent rats rescued these pathological behaviors. In the search for a pharmacological intervention with high translational potential, psilocybin was capable of restoring mGluR2 expression and reducing relapse behavior. Last, we propose a FDG-PET biomarker strategy to identify mGluR2 treatment-responsive individuals. In conclusion, we identified a common molecular pathological mechanism for both executive dysfunction and alcohol craving and provided a personalized mGluR2 mechanism-based intervention strategy for medication development for alcoholism.
Prospective, Multisite, International Comparison of F-18-Fluoromethylcholine PET/CT, Multiparametric MRI, and Ga-68-HBED-CC PSMA-11 PET/CT in Men with High-Risk Features and Biochemical Failure After Radical Prostatectomy: Clinical Performance and Patient Outcomes (2019)

BACKGROUND: A significant proportion of men with rising PSA following radical prostatectomy (RP) fail prostate fossa salvage radiotherapy (SRT). This study assessed the ability of F18 fluoro-methyl-choline PET/CT(FCH), Ga-68 HBED-CC PSMA-11 PET/CT (PSMA) and pelvic multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (pelvic MRI) to identify men who will best benefit from SRT.&#13;\n&#13;\nMETHODS: Prospective, multisite, imaging study in men with rising PSA post RP, high-risk features (PSA &gt; 0.2ng/mL and either Gleason Score (GS) &gt; 7 or PSA doubling time &lt;10 months, or PSA &gt;1.0ng/mL) and negative /equivocal conventional imaging (CT and bone scan) being considered for SRT. FCH (91/91), Pelvic MRI (88/91) and PSMA (31/91) (Australia only) were performed within two weeks. Imaging was interpreted by experienced local and central reads blinded to other imaging results with consensus for discordance. Imaging results were validated using a composite reference standard. Expected management was documented pre and post- imaging, and all treatments, biopsies and PSA collected for 3 years. Treatment response to SRT was defined as &gt; 50% PSA reduction without androgen deprivation therapy.&#13;\n&#13;\nRESULTS: Median GS, PSA at imaging and PSA doubling time were 8, 0.42(IQR 0.29-0.93) ng/mL, and 5.0 (IQR 3.3-7.6) months, respectively. Overall recurrent PCa was detected in 28% (25/88) with pelvic MRI, 32% (29/91) FCH and 42% (13/31) PSMA. This was within the prostate fossa (PF) in 21.5% (19/88), 13% (12/91) and 19% (6/31), with extra PF sites in 8% (7/88), 19% (17/91), and 32% (10/31) for MRI, FCH and PSMA (&lt; 0.004). 94% (16/17) extra- PF sites on FCH were within the field of view of pelvic MRI. The detection rate for intrapelvic extra-PF disease was 90% (9/10) for PSMA and 31% (5/16) for MRI compared to FCH. Imaging changed expected management in 46% (42/91) FCH, and 23% (21/88) MRI. PSMA provided additive management change over FCH in a further 23% (7/31). Treatment response to SRT was higher in men with negative or PF confined vs. extra PF disease. FCH 73% (32/44) vs. 33% (3/9) (p&lt; 0.02), pelvic MRI 70% (32/46) vs 50% (2/4), P = ns) and PSMA 88% (7/8) vs. 14% (1/7) (p&lt;0.005). Men with negative imging (MRI, FCH +/- PSMA) had high (78%) response rates to SRT.&#13;\n&#13;\nCONCLUSION: FCH and PSMA had high detection rates for extra PF disease in men with negative/equivocal conventional imaging and BCR post RP. This impacted management and treatment responses to SRT, suggesting an important role for PET in triaging men being considered for curative SRT.
Ammonia for hydrogen storage: challenges and opportunities (2008)

The possibility of using ammonia as a hydrogen carrier is discussed. Compared to other hydrogen storage materials, ammonia has the advantages of a high hydrogen density, a well-developed technology for synthesis and distribution, and easy catalytic decomposition. Compared to hydrocarbons and alcohols, it has the advantage that there is no CO2 emission at the end user. The drawbacks are mainly the toxicity of liquid ammonia and the problems related to trace amounts of ammonia in the hydrogen after decomposition. Storage of ammonia in metal ammine salts is discussed, and it is shown that this maintains the high volumetric hydrogen density while alleviating the problems of handling the ammonia. Some of the remaining challenges for research in ammonia as a hydrogen carrier are outlined.
Diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma and related tumours by detection of chromosome 22q12 translocations using fluorescence in situ hybridization on tumour touch imprints (1995)

It is increasingly recognized that the identification of t(11;22)(q24;q12) is a useful aid in the accurate diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma and related tumours. However, cytogenetic studies have a low success rate and adequate tumour is not always available. This study describes the use of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to detect translocations at 22q12, the site of the EWS gene involved in t(11;22)(q24;q12), on tumour touch imprints made from true cut core-needle biopsy and frozen tumour. Of the seven tumours analysed, five diagnosed as Ewing's sarcoma or primitive neuroectodermal tumour demonstrated chromosome translocation at 22q12. This is a rapid and reliable method to detect a diagnostically relevant chromosome translocation using minimal amounts of fresh or frozen tumour.
A visualization, navigation, and annotation system for dermatopathology training (2018)

Dermatopathology education meaningfully relies on consultation of books, which are expensive, quickly outdated and have limited possibilities. In recent years, virtual microscopy, a method that enables examination of digitized microscopy samples, has earn interest because of its possibilities in terms of interaction, availability, usability, low costs and adaptation to multiple clinic scenarios. This work introduces a customized low-cost system for consultation of dermatopathology samples. First, physical slides are digitized using an optical microscope coupled to a digital camera controlled by a custom-motorized scanner. Then, digitized images are automatically stitched to assembly the Whole Slide Image (WSI). A web application, developed using open source tools, gives access to such WSI and allows users to interact with the content by panning and zooming. The application also allows to hand-free annotate specific regions. A set of 100 dermatopathology slides, provided by the Pathology Department of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, representing basic lesions and inflammatory skin diseases (based on Ackerman patterns) were digitized. Each WSI contains diagnosis and annotations of relevant regions. The platform is currently being used by trainees who highlight the benefits of this kind of tools that complement their training and help to improve their diagnostic skills.
Observation of Stomatal Movements of Intact Plants Using an Image Instrumentation System with a Light Microscope (1983)

Journal Article Observation of Stomatal Movements of Intact Plants Using an Image Instrumentation System with a Light Microscope Get access Kenji Omasa, Kenji Omasa 1Division of Engineering, The National Institute for Environmental StudiesYatabe, Ibaraki 305, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yasushi Hashimoto, Yasushi Hashimoto 2Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime UniversityMatsuyama, Ehime 790, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ichiro Aiga Ichiro Aiga 1Division of Engineering, The National Institute for Environmental StudiesYatabe, Ibaraki 305, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Plant and Cell Physiology, Volume 24, Issue 2, January 1983, Pages 281–288, https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/24.2.281 Published: 01 January 1983 Article history Received: 30 July 1982 Published: 01 January 1983 Accepted: 06 January 1983
Preparation of rehydratable polyacrylamide gels and their application in ultrathin‐layer isoelectric focusing (1986)

Abstract A new approach to isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels is described, based on the use of rehydratable gels which in dry form could be stored for extended periods and which prior to use were rehydrated with solutions of any composition. Ultrathin 60–240 μm polyacrylamide gels, with different composition (5 % T, 3 % C; 3 % T, 4 % C; 3 % T, 20 % C), were polymerized under well‐standardized conditions and, after polymerization, washed exhaustively with distilled water to remove any unreacted monomers, catalysts or soluble polymers. The washed gels were impregnated with suitable additives, before drying, to preserve gel functionality on storage. Polyol compounds, such as glycerol, sorbitol and dextran, as well as synthetic polymers like polyethylene glycol and polyvinylpyrrolidone, were the most efficient additives when incorporated into the gel in a concentration of 1–10 %, either as single substances or in different combinations. Prior to isoelectric focusing the dry gels were rehydrated to the original gel volume with a solution of carrier ampholytes, in some experiments with added separators or urea. Kinetic studies have shown rehydration, depending on gel thickness, to be complete within a few minutes. Isoelectric focusing in rehydratable gels was consistently more reproducible than in wet gels by such criteria as regularity of patterns and coalescence of marker proteins, including ferritin, applied at different positions. Rehydratable gels tolerated higher field strengths at the final stage of isoelectric focusing, with typical values of 500–900 V/cm and thus, at a given volt X hour product, equilibrium focusing could be attained in a shorter time, with improved resolution and sharper zones. Ultrathin‐layer isoelectric focusing in rehydratable gels proved insensitive to high salt concentrations (up to 0.5 M ) of the samples. Rehydratable gels represent a new generation of gels, excelling over the traditional wet gels by better standardized properties, convenient handling and unsurpassed flexibility.
The Positive Role of Hydrogen on the Dehydrogenation of Propane on Pt(111) (2017)

Propane dehydrogenation on a Pt-based catalyst can be accelerated by cofeeding hydrogen. An extensive reaction network for propane dehydrogenation on Pt(111), including side reactions and deep dehydrogenation reactions, is proposed to explain the effect of cofeeding hydrogen. Simulations at 873 K and 1 bar total pressure reproduce the experimental trends at increasing H2/C3H8 inlet ratios and allow exploration of the origin of the positive effect of cofeeding hydrogen. Increasing hydrogen pressure leads to a lower coverage of deeply dehydrogenated coke precursors on the surface: in particular, CCH3 (ethylidyne) and CH (methylidyne). In addition, it increases hydrogen coverage, which decreases the propylene adsorption strength while the energy barriers for the further dehydrogenation of propylene increase. The combined effect of a decreasing coke precursor coverage, facilitated propylene desorption, and increasing deep dehydrogenation barriers explains the higher catalytic activity when hydrogen is cofed.
Cloning of a carbofuran hydrolase gene from Achromobacter sp. strain WM111 and its expression in gram-negative bacteria (1989)

A 14-kilobase-pair (kbp) EcoRI DNA fragment that encodes an enzyme capable of rapid hydrolysis of N-methylcarbamate insecticides (carbofuran hydrolase) was cloned from carbofuran-degrading Achromobacter sp. strain WM111. When used to probe Southern blots containing plasmid and total DNAs from WM111, this 14-kbp fragment hybridized strongly to a 14-kbp EcoRI fragment from the greater than 100-kbp plasmid harbored by this strain but weakly to EcoRI-digested total DNA from Achromobacter sp. strain WM111, indicating that the gene for N-methylcarbamate degradation (mcd) is plasmid encoded. Further subcloning localized the mcd gene on a 3-kbp ScaI-ClaI fragment. There was little or no expression of this gene in the alternative gram-negative hosts Pseudomonas putida, Alcaligenes eutrophus, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and Achromobacter pestifer. Western blotting (immunoblotting) of the protein products produced by low-level expression in P. putida confirmed that this 3-kbp fragment encodes the two 70+-kilodalton protein products seen in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of purified carbofuran hydrolase.
Metamaterial microwave holographic imaging system (2014)

We demonstrate a microwave imaging system that combines advances in metamaterial aperture design with emerging computational imaging techniques. The flexibility inherent to guided-wave, complementary metamaterials enables the design of a planar antenna that illuminates a scene with dramatically varying radiation patterns as a function of frequency. As frequency is swept over the K-band (17.5-26.5 GHz), a sequence of pseudorandom radiation patterns interrogates a scene. Measurements of the return signal versus frequency are then acquired and the scene is reconstructed using computational imaging methods. The low-cost, frequency-diverse static aperture allows three-dimensional images to be formed without mechanical scanning or dynamic beam-forming elements. The metamaterial aperture is complementary to a variety of computational imaging schemes, and can be used in conjunction with other sensors to form a multifunctional imaging platform. We illustrate the potential of multisensor fusion by integrating an infrared structured-light and optical image sensor to accelerate the microwave scene reconstruction and to provide a simultaneous visualization of the scene.
Spectroscopic characterization of Mn:YAlO3, material for holographic recording and optical data storage (1998)

In work [1] we have studied photoinduced absorption, associated with it refraction index change, and holographic grating recording in Mn doped yttrium orthoaluminate (Mn:YAlO 3 ). We have shown Mn:YAlO 3 to be a promising material for optical storage and holography. In the present work, we spectroscopically investigate Mn ions in different valence states as well as transitions between different valence states responsible for photoinduced coloration of Mn:YAlO 3 .
Performance of Helicopter Pilots During Inadvertent Flight Into Instrument Meteorological Conditions (2011)

Inadvertent flight into instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) is a major cause of general aviation accidents. However, performance of helicopter pilots during inadvertent IMC encounters has not been investigated. We developed objective methods to quantify helicopter pilot effort and performance and applied these to simulated flight into IMC. Results showed strong effects of visibility and weaker effects of altitude and airspeed. The analyses revealed important information regarding the relationships among visibility, altitude, airspeed, aircraft performance, and pilot effort. Short training sessions produced significant performance improvements. The methods developed for quantifying pilot effort and performance can be applied to myriad investigations of pilot performance.
New Methods in Efficient Post-Tensioned Slab Design Using Topology Optimization (2017)

Post-tensioned (PT) flat-plate gravity framing systems are highly efficient and reduce embodied carbon when compared to conventional reinforced concrete framing systems. Efficiency is especially apparent in multi-span applications with regular orthogonal support arrangements. Even though PT flat-plate gravity framing systems are less efficient in single-span or irregular support applications, they are is still useful in reducing slab thickness, improving construction efficiency, and reducing seismic mass. A novel approach to determining PT tendon arrangements has been applied to several buildings informed by topology optimization results. Topology optimization is an optimization method which determines optimal load paths in a finite element continuum. Thus, by orienting PT tendons along the optimal load paths suggested by topology optimization, it has been shown that 25% or more of PT quantities can be reduced while maintaining the same mild steel reinforcement. Many of the observed arrangements do not follow traditional uniform/banded arrangements. Also, the deflection performance is significantly more consistent since tendons are resisting load in a manner consistent with the load demands. This can help alleviate common issues with thin flat-plate gravity systems such as irregular floor flatness due to warping incited by PT systems and inconsistent deflection at the exterior wall. This new design method has been applied to three buildings and coordinated with construction teams for efficient application. This presentation will discuss the entire design procedure from initial concepts through complete construction documents as applied to three buildings. This presentation will be of interest to academics and practicing structural engineers.
Proposal and Preliminary Feasibility Study of a Novel Toroidal Magnetorheological Piston (2016)

A new magnetorheological piston head design inspired by toroidal electromagnets was proposed in previous work as an alternative to conventional annular dampers. A prototype with a circular valve array integrated inside the piston head was built and tested to measure its passive performance. The mechanical, electromagnetic, and hydraulic models used in the new design were explained, and the relevant parameters of the actuator were analyzed to construct a mathematical model to estimate its performance. These works showed the feasibility of the concept and its potential as an alternative to current damper technology, but lacked a baseline for comparison. This paper reviews and widens this groundwork. It adds a magnetic finite element method study to address the previously found leakage, and a new set of experiments, including a force controller, to compare its performance against a conventional annular piston head. The new findings show how the current force limitations can be overcome by striking a balance between the coil space and the size of electromagnet cores to achieve the performance of current dampers. They also highlight its potential in force control applications to provide a wider range of customization options, such as number and size of holes, electromagnets, and coils, and a better use of the active area of the gap.
Cerebral Blood Volume in Man (1975)

Cerebral blood volume in man can be measured by subtracting computerized axial tomogram density measurements taken before from those taken after an intravascular marker is infused into the blood. The average blood volume is 3.0 ml/100 ml of brain tissue, with a range of 2.4 to 4.25. This method can be applied in studying cerebral pathologic conditions. Areas of cerebral edema, surrounding a tumor, have a decreased blood volume.
Functional and Morphologic Changes of Meibomian Glands in an Asymptomatic Adult Population (2016)

Progressive MG loss occurs normally with age accompanied by reduced quality and quantity of the meibum produced. However, clinical presentation of ocular discomfort symptoms is stalled without corresponding disruption to tear function.
Wideband dynamic microwave frequency identification system using a low-power ultracompact silicon photonic chip (2016)

Photonic-based instantaneous frequency measurement (IFM) of unknown microwave signals offers improved flexibility and frequency range as compared with electronic solutions. However, no photonic platform has ever demonstrated the key capability to perform dynamic IFM, as required in real-world applications. In addition, all demonstrations to date employ bulky components or need high optical power for operation. Here we demonstrate an integrated photonic IFM system that can identify frequency-varying signals in a dynamic manner, without any need for fast measurement instrumentation. The system is based on a fully linear, ultracompact system based on a waveguide Bragg grating on silicon, only 65-μm long and operating up to ∼30 GHz with carrier power below 10 mW, significantly outperforming present technologies. These results open a solid path towards identification of dynamically changing signals over tens of GHz bandwidths using a practical, low-cost on-chip implementation for applications from broadband communications to biomedical, astronomy and more.
Limitation of Low-k Reliability due to Dielectric Breakdown at Vias (2008)

We investigate dielectric reliability associated with vias in low-k dielectric interconnects. We show that the failure mechanism of vias is identical to that of damascene lines, and occurs at the interface between the low-k and Cu-capping layers. We develop a model to accurately simulate failure distributions of via and line-only structures based on the assumption that the minimum dielectric space (highest local field) determines failure times. Via structures ultimately limit dielectric reliability of circuits because of the space reduction associated with via overlay tolerance between metal levels. We compare voltage ramp and constant voltage testing techniques and demonstrate their equivalence for via-related dielectric reliability estimation.
ChemInform Abstract: Ab initio Investigation of the Heats of Formation of Several Trifluoromethyl Compounds (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.