gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural Characterization of the “Knitting Pattern” in Polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-co-butylene)-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) Triblock Copolymers (1998)

In a polystyrene-block-polybutadiene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) triblock copolymer (SBM) a morphological transition from a lamellar (ll) morphology (with sequence ABCB) to the knitting pattern (kp) morphology occurs upon hydrogenation of the center PB block. Structural information of the nonhydrogenated and the hydrogenated material is provided from small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). For the nonhydrogenated SBM sample the SAXS profile correlates well with a simple periodic lamellar structure. The hydrogenated sample forming the kp morphology displays a more complex SAXS pattern. From the TEM images of the knitting pattern the two-dimensional space group has been determined to be c2mm. This morphology represents a first example of a planar morphology for which the two sides of the unit cell are unequal (a ≠ b). The determination of the space group from TEM allows the satisfactory assignment of the SAXS pattern. Furthermore this new kp morphology is the first example in block copolymers providing a highly nonconstant mean curvature (NCMC) intermaterial dividing surface. Varying the casting solvent for this material (from CHCl3 to toluene) results in a lamellar morphology as demonstrated by TEM and SAXS. This morphological change is explained as the consequence of the borderline situation of the kp morphology as an intermediate between the ll and lc morphology where B cylinders of the center block are located at the lamellar A/C interface.
Vanadium(V) Tartrato Complexes:  Speciation in the H3O+(OH-)/H2VO4-/(2R,3R)-Tartrate System and X-ray Crystal Structures of Na4[V4O8(rac-tart)2]·12H2O and (NEt4)4[V4O8((R,R)-tart)2]·6H2O (tart = C4H2O64-) (2007)

A study of the aqueous H3O+(OH-)/H2VO4-/(2R,3R)-tartrate system has been performed at 273 K in a 1.0 mol/L Na+(Cl-) ionic medium using 51V NMR spectroscopy. In this relatively complicated system, more than 12 different species were observed. Ligand concentration, vanadate concentration, and pH variation studies were carried out, particularly for the range of pH 5.8-8.0 and for pH 2.4. Chemical shifts, vanadium-ligand stoichiometry, and also composition and formation constants for some, but not all, species are given. Despite some reduction of vanadium(V) to vanadium(IV) in an acidic medium at pH approximately 2.4, the stoichiometries of the principal species in solution at this pH were determined. Electrospray ionization mass spectra for some solutions were obtained and were in accordance with the conclusions drawn from the speciation studies. A series of crystalline vanadium(V) tartrato complexes M4[V4O8(tart)2].aq were also prepared and characterized. X-ray diffraction studies of Na4[V4O8(rac-tart)2].12H2O (1) and (NEt4)4[V4O8((R,R)-tart)2].6H2O (2) revealed unique tetranuclear [V4O8(tart)2]4- ions for which the {V4O4} rings have boat conformations.
A New Nonlinear Coupled Analysis Tool for Floating Structures (2012)

For the global performance analysis of a floater, the traditional semi-coupled method models mooring lines/risers as nonlinear massless springs and ignores 1) the inertial effects from mooring lines/risers, 2) the current and wave load effects on mooring lines/risers, and 3) the dynamic interaction between mooring lines/risers and the floater. However, these effects are deemed critical for deepwater and ultra deepwater floating structures as they may have a significant impact on the floaters’ motions and mooring line/riser tensions. This paper presents the development and verification of a time-domain nonlinear coupled analysis tool, MLTSIM-ROD, which is an integration of a recently developed 3D rod dynamic program, ROD3D, with the well-calibrated floater global performance analysis program, MULTISIM (Ref [9]). The ROD3D was developed based on a nonlinear finite element method and merged with MULTISIM by matching the forces and displacements of mooring lines/risers with the floater at their connections. MLTSIM-ROD can thus predict the floater’s large displacement/rotation motions and mooring line/riser tensions including all the coupled effects between the floater and mooring lines/risers. In this paper, global performance predictions for a SPAR in the Gulf of Mexico in deepwater were carried out using MLTSIM-ROD. The results were then verified with those from other coupled analysis programs. The paper also presents the results of motions and mooring line/riser tensions of the SPAR using both the coupled and semi-coupled methods. The results from the coupled and semi-coupled analyses indicate that the floater’s motions and mooring line/riser tensions could be significantly influenced by the dynamic interactions between the floater and mooring lines/risers. Hence, the coupled method needs to be considered for deepwater floating structures.
Nutritional regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity and its messenger RNAs in ewe adipose tissue and heart (1997)

International audience
P. Vindob. L. 91: un fragment du Pater latin (1983)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Design of a single-step immunoassay principle based on the combination of an enzyme-labeled antibody release coating and a hydrogel copolymerized with a fluorescent enzyme substrate in a microfluidic capillary device (2013)

A combination of an enzyme-labeled antibody release coating and a novel fluorescent enzyme substrate-copolymerized hydrogel in a microchannel for a single-step, no-wash microfluidic immunoassay is demonstrated. This hydrogel discriminates the free enzyme-conjugated antibody from an antigen-enzyme-conjugated antibody immunocomplex based on the difference in molecular size. A selective and sensitive immunoassay, with 10-1000 ng mL(-1) linear range, is reported.
Alternative to split-radix Hartley transform (1987)

Radix-4 transforms, which have a speed advantage but have been restricted to data lengths which are powers of 4, can also be used for odd powers of 2 also by splitting the data sequence into two interleaved parts, applying the radix-4 algorithm to each in turn, and combining the results.
Covalent modification of proteins in Bacillus subtilis during the process of sporulation, germination and outgrowth (1989)

Cells of Bacillus subtilis 168+ were labeled with 32P-orthophosphate during the process of sporulation, germination and outgrowth. By two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, at least 30 protein species were found to be radioactively labeled; 30% of these were modified by phosphorylation. Significant changes in the protein phosphorylation pattern during growth and cellular differentiation could be demonstrated. Using gamma-32P-ATP evidence for an ATP-dependent protein kinase was also obtained. Under these conditions 4 proteins with a molecular mass of 109,600; 103,100; 73,300 and 32,200 Da were found to be phosphorylated.
#33: Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of Zika virus infection in human stem cell-derived neuroprogenitor cells and cerebral organoids (2021)

Abstract Background The molecular mechanisms underpinning the neurologic and congenital pathologies caused by Zika virus (ZIKV) infection remain poorly understood. It is also unclear why congenital ZIKV disease was not reported prior to the recent epidemics in French Polynesia and the Americas, despite evidence that Zika virus has actively circulated in parts of Africa and Asia since 1947 and 1966, respectively. Methods Due to advances in the stem cell-based technologies, we can now model ZIKV infections of the central nervous system in human stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells and cerebral organoids, which recapitulate complex 3-dimensional neural architecture. We apply Seq-Well — a simple, portable platform for massively parallel single-cell RNA sequencing — to characterize these neural models infected with ZIKV. We detect and quantify host mRNA transcripts and viral RNA with single-cell resolution, thereby defining transcriptional features of both uninfected and infected cells. Results Although flavivirus RNAs lack a poly(A) tail, we present evidence that viral RNAs are specifically primed for reverse transcription at internal runs of adenosines, and that sequencing reads cover the entire non-polyadenylated viral genome. In neural progenitor cells, single cell sequencing reveals that while uninfected bystander cells strongly upregulate interferon pathway genes, these pathways are largely suppressed in cells infected with ZIKV within the same culture dish. Single cell sequencing identifies multiple cell types in our cerebral organoids including neural progenitor cells, intermediate progenitor cells, and neurons of varied maturity. Using this model, we find that neurons, not typically considered targets of ZIKV in the developing brain, contain high copy numbers of ZIKV genomes. It remains uncertain whether neurons are directly infected, or if infected neural progenitor cells differentiate into neurons, carrying virus with them. Notably, the neuronal bystander cell population shows limited interferon gene pathway upregulation compared to neural progenitors. Conclusions Overall, our work provides insight into the pathogenesis of ZIKV associated microcephaly, identifies potential new tropisms of ZIKV in the human brain, and suggests that both virus replication and host response mechanisms underlie the neuropathology of ZIKV infection.
Accelerated Stereocomplex Crystallization of Poly(L‐lactide)/Poly(D‐lactide) Blends by Long Terminal Linear Alkyl Groups (2015)

The accelerating effect of terminal n ‐alkyl groups (TAGs) on the non‐isothermal crystallization of poly( L ‐lactide)/poly( D ‐lactide) blends increased with TAG length in the low temperature range below 100 °C and that on isothermal stereocomplex crystallization of poly( L ‐lactide)/poly( D ‐lactide) blends became maximal at terminal n ‐hexyl group in the high temperature range above 165 °C. However, the decelerating effect on isothermal stereocomplex crystallization was observed for terminal n ‐docosyl group in the high temperature range above 165 °C. The TAG length did not alter the crystallite growth morphology during non‐isothermal crystallization, the formed crystalline species (only stereocomplex crystallites) and the crystallite growth mechanism during isothermal crystallization.
Determination of (+)-Dihydrorobinetin as An Active Constituent of the Radical-Scavenging Activity of Asana (Pterocarpus marsupium) Heartwood (2019)

Asana used in Ayurveda medicine originates from the heartwood of Fabaceae Pterocarpus marsupium. In our previous report, we demonstrated that a 50% ethanolic extract (PM-ext) of Asana was a promising candidate as a skin-whitening agent based on its anti-tyrosinase and antioxidative activities. Moreover, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity of PM-ext was demonstrated and one of the active constituents was identified as oxyresveratrol. However, the potency of oxyresveratrol was low and the other active constituent has not yet been investigated. Activity-guided purification led us to isolate (+)-dihydrorobinetin (DHR). DHR had a potent DPPH radical-scavenging activity (half-maximal inhibitory concentration [IC 50 ] = 1.3 µM) and also showed suppressive activity of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) production (IC 50 =132 µM), as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity (half-maximal effective concentration=27 µM). In a PM-ext, this is the first report to identify DHR and to demonstrate the suppressive activity of AGEs production and SOD-like activity of DHR. From these results, PM-ext containing DHR is a promising candidate as a multifunctional material with multiple anti-oxidant activities.
A unified approach for divergent synthesis of contiguous stereodiads employing a small boronyl group (2020)

Acyclic contiguous stereocenters are frequently seen in biologically active natural and synthetic molecules. Although various synthetic methods have been reported, predictable and unified approaches to all possible stereoisomers are rare, particularly for those containing non-reactive hydrocarbon substituents. Herein, a β-boronyl group is employed as a readily accessible handle for predictable α-functionalization of enolates with either syn or anti selectivity depending on reaction conditions. Contiguous tertiary-tertiary and tertiary-quaternary stereocenters are thus accessed in generally good yields and diastereoselectivity. Based on experimental and computational studies, mechanism for syn selective alkylation is proposed, and Bpin (pinacolatoboronyl) behaves as a smaller group than most carbon-centered groups. The synthetic utility of this methodology is demonstrated by preparation of several key intermediates for bioactive molecules.
Identifying amyloid pathology–related cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease in a multicohort study (2015)

Lp(a), PRL, IgA, and tissue factor/thromboplastin have never been reported for AD diagnosis in previous individual CSF-based MAP-RBM studies. Although some of our reported analytes are related to AD pathophysiology, others' roles in symptomatic AD samples worth further explorations.
Noncolocated adaptive attitude control of a planar two-body linkage with nonminimum-phase dynamics (2016)

Adaptive control of a two-dimensional model of a flexible spacecraft with noncolocated sensors and actuators is achieved by output feedback using knowledge of only the system's impulse response. The model is composed of two planar rigid bodies linked by a torsional spring that emulates a multibody spacecraft with base body actuation and appendage pointing. Retrospective cost adaptive control is applied to a command-following problem. The controller uses a finite impulse response filter built from the Markov parameters of the nonminimum-phase (NMP) linearized model. Accordingly, this filter is constructed to contain an estimate of the location of the NMP zero; the filter's order is chosen to correspond to the number of time steps after which the plant's step response becomes positive.
Nanocrystal lasing in the single-exciton regime using engineered exciton-exciton interactions (2005)

Because of size-controlled emission color, good photostability, and chemical flexibility, colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) are promising building blocks for new types of color-selectable optical gain media [1]. One factor limiting optical gain performance of NCs is highly efficient multiexciton Auger recombination that leads to short picosecond optical gain life times [2]. Recent attempts to suppress Auger recombination utilized NC shape control [3, 4].
Fuel Cell Thermal Management with MicroCoolers (2002)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are unique solid-state components that can be used as a cooling device when supplied with electric power. These microgenerator coolers (MICs) can be built in many configurations for unusual applications where parasitic thermal energy must be managed. Such an application is in Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells where waste heat is generated during electrical energy production. This heat generation reduces fuel cell performance, can damage cell components and increases system operating costs.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A thermal model is developed to utilize the bipolar plate in a PEM fuel cell to double as the cold junction plate of a MIC. The bipolar plate is in full electrical (thus thermal) contact with the Membrane Exchange Assembly (MEA), where the majority of heat is generated.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The waste heat in the cell membrane is modelled as a uniform flux on the bipolar plate's surface. This flux is manifested as a generation term to develop a two-dimensional, steady-state heat conduction model in the bipolar (cold junction) plate, thus predicting the MIC's cooling effect on the bipolar plate, and in adjacent MEAs.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This model provides the temperature distribution in the selected design of the cold junction plate, hence throughout the bipolar plate, and can be used to predict the temperature field in the MEA region, as well as the temperature gradient in the fuel cell.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The preliminary, one-dimensional study presented here utilizes this thermal management scheme inside the fuel cell to show that the interior centerline temperature of the b10c0ar plate can be maintained at 60C or less throughout the full power range of the cell, eliminating the need for external humidification. And at maximum fuel cell power output (440mW/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;), the MIC required approximately 12% of the cell output to maintain this bipolar plate centerline temperature.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Thus the model shows that the improved heat management capability inside the fuel cell with MICs will provide a better performing cell that can meet the severe operating conditions required for the automotive industry.&lt;/div&gt;
Live-cell imaging of compartment-specific redox changes in menkes disease fibroblasts (2014)

Background Copper is an essential micronutrient and its misbalance in the body is associated with severe neurodegenerative disorders. While the importance of copper in the body is evident, mechanisms by which copper misbalance induces pathologic changes and disease symptoms are poorly understood. In this study, using fibroblasts from Menkes disease patient, as a cellular model of copper accumulation, we examined whether excess copper triggers specific and distinct changes in the redox environment of different cellular compartments. Subjects and Methods Skin fibroblasts from Menkes disease patient (YS cells, ATP7A -/- ) and his heterozygous mother (ATP7A +/- ) were used as an experimental system. Glutathione mediated redox environment and levels of H2O2 were investigated in nuclei, cytosol, and mitochondria of live cells by tagging the respective ratiometric sensors (GRX-roGFP and HyPer) with a compartment-specific localization signal. Results Under basal conditions, the YS and XS cells show similar glutathione mediated redox environment in the nucleus and cytosol. However, the mitochondria are oxidizing in YS cells. YS cells were observed to accumulate higher level of peroxide in the cytosol and mitochondria. We also found that copper accumulation in cytosol and nuclei of YS cells sensitize cells to glutathione depletion suggesting importance of glutathione in protection of cells against copper overload Conclusion Our experiments revealed differential response of cellular compartments to excess copper in cells. Nuclei, in spite of being a site of copper accumulation, do not show marked redox changes, suggesting presence of robust protective mechanisms operating in this compartment. H2O2 accumulation in cytosol in YS cells does not change glutathione balance, whereas mitochondria appear most affected, since both H2O2 levels and glutathione balance are altered. We propose that mitochondria could be a primary site of copper toxicity in Menkes fibroblasts. Molecular mechanisms underlying differential redox responses are presently being investigated.
Synthesis of Monodisperse Polystyrene Microlatexes by Emulsion Polymerization Using a Polymerizable Surfactant (1997)

Synthesis of monodisperse polystyrene microlatexes by emulsion polymerization using a polymerizable surfactant, ω-methoxypoly(ethylene oxide)40undecyl α-methacrylate macromonomer (PEO-R-MA-40), has been investigated. PEO-R-MA-40 copolymerized readily with styrene. The locus of the copolymerization is believed to occur near the surface of styrene-swollen micelles/particles where the polymerizable end groups (methacrylate) of PEO-R-MA-40 were concentrated due to its hydrophilicity. The latexes became stabilized when only about 6 wt % styrene and 10.5 wt % PEO-R-MA-40 were copolymerized. From the XPS results, it shows that only about 22% of the latex surface occupied by the copolymerized PEO-R-MA-40 was sufficient to stabilize the latex particles. Toward the completion of the copolymerization, about 80% of the latex surface was enriched by the copolymerized PEO-R-MA-40. Nearly monodisperse latex particles with diameters ranging from about 30 to 90 nm were obtained by lowering the feed weight-ratio of PEO-R-MA-40 to styrene from 1/2 to 1/8. But the particle size did not seem to be affected by the increase of KPS concentration from 0.5 to 3.0 mM at the feed ratio of 1/8. A polymerization scheme is presented to account for the results.
Reconfigurable Grounded Vector Antenna for 3-D Electromagnetic Direction-Finding Applications (2017)

In this letter, a reconfigurable grounded wideband antenna is proposed in view of vector sensor applications. This antenna combines two orthogonal and colocated semicircular arrays of Vivaldi antennas mounted over a metallic support. The radiation patterns of two wideband magnetic dipoles and one wideband electric dipole can be synthesized thanks to an appropriate antenna excitation. Measurement results are in good agreement with the simulated results obtained from full-wave electromagnetic simulations. The proposed antenna exhibits stable radiation patterns over a wide impedance bandwidth of 1.69:1, a high radiation efficiency and a good isolation between the antenna input ports. This antenna is a good candidate for wideband three-dimensional direction-finding using a vector sensor.
Full-Scale Testing of Water Mist Fire Suppression Systems in Machinery Spaces. (1998)

Abstract : This report provides an evaluation of the fire fighting capabilities of the state-of-the-art water mist fire suppression systems in machinery space applications. The primary objective of this investigation was to evaluate the applicability of the International Maritime Organization's test protocol to machinery spaces with larger volumes, high ceilings and larger vent openings. In addition, the effects of compartment parameters (shape and height), mist system parameters (nozzle height and discharge rate), and fire parameters (heat release rate, fire type, and location) were also evaluated. Extinguishment times in the over 150 tests ranged from under one minute to as long as twelve minutes with some fires never extinguished. The following water mist systems were included in this evaluation: Grinnell AquaMist, Kidde Fenwal, Reliable, Securiplex, and Spraying Systems.
Orientation of Bound Ligands in Mannose-binding Proteins (2002)

Mannose-binding proteins (MBPs) are C-type animal lectins that recognize high mannose oligosaccharides on pathogenic cell surfaces. MBPs bind to their carbohydrate ligands by forming a series of Ca(2+) coordination and hydrogen bonds with two hydroxyl groups equivalent to the 3- and 4-OH of mannose. In this work, the determinants of the orientation of sugars bound to rat serum and liver MBPs (MBP-A and MBP-C) have been systematically investigated. The crystal structures of MBP-A soaked with monosaccharides and disaccharides and also the structure of the MBP-A trimer cross-linked by a high mannose asparaginyl oligosaccharide reveal that monosaccharides or alpha1-6-linked mannose bind to MBP-A in one orientation, whereas alpha1-2- or alpha1-3-linked mannose binds in an orientation rotated 180 degrees around a local symmetry axis relating the 3- and 4-OH groups. In contrast, a similar set of ligands all bind to MBP-C in a single orientation. The mutation of MBP-A His(189) to its MBP-C equivalent, valine, causes Man alpha 1-3Man to bind in a mixture of orientations. These data combined with modeling indicate that the residue at this position influences the orientation of bound ligands in MBP. We propose that the control of binding orientation can influence the recognition of multivalent ligands. A lateral association of trimers in the cross-linked crystals may reflect interactions within higher oligomers of MBP-A that are stabilized by multivalent ligands.