gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evidence-based review of the black-box warning for droperidol (2007)

Studies show that there is a dose-dependent increase in the rate of adverse cardiovascular events when droperidol is used either alone or in combination with other medications that cause Q-T interval prolongation. At this time, there does not appear to be significant evidence to suggest that serotonin type 3-receptor (5-HT(3)) antagonists are safer than droperidol with regard to Q-T interval prolongation. More studies are needed to determine the safety and efficacy of droperidol when used in doses of 0.625-1.25 mg compared with the 5-HT(3) antagonists.
High-Pressure Single-Crystal Structures of 3D Lead-Halide Hybrid Perovskites and Pressure Effects on their Electronic and Optical Properties (2016)

We report the first high-pressure single-crystal structures of hybrid perovskites. The crystalline semiconductors (MA)PbX3 (MA = CH3NH3 (+), X = Br(-) or I(-)) afford us the rare opportunity of understanding how compression modulates their structures and thereby their optoelectronic properties. Using atomic coordinates obtained from high-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction we track the perovskites' precise structural evolution upon compression. These structural changes correlate well with pressure-dependent single-crystal photoluminescence (PL) spectra and high-pressure bandgaps derived from density functional theory. We further observe dramatic piezochromism where the solids become lighter in color and then transition to opaque black with compression. Indeed, electronic conductivity measurements of (MA)PbI3 obtained within a diamond-anvil cell show that the material's resistivity decreases by 3 orders of magnitude between 0 and 51 GPa. The activation energy for conduction at 51 GPa is only 13.2(3) meV, suggesting that the perovskite is approaching a metallic state. Furthermore, the pressure response of mixed-halide perovskites shows new luminescent states that emerge at elevated pressures. We recently reported that the perovskites (MA)Pb(Br x I1-x )3 (0.2 < x < 1) reversibly form light-induced trap states, which pin their PL to a low energy. This may explain the low voltages obtained from solar cells employing these absorbers. Our high-pressure PL data indicate that compression can mitigate this PL redshift and may afford higher steady-state voltages from these absorbers. These studies show that pressure can significantly alter the transport and thermodynamic properties of these technologically important semiconductors.
Heat shock gene regulation by nascent polypeptides and denatured proteins: hsp70 as a potential autoregulatory factor (1992)

Heat shock genes encode proteins (hsp's) that play important structural roles under normal circumstances and are essential to the cells' ability to survive environmental insults. Evidence is presented herein that transcriptional regulation of hsp gene expression is linked with the regulation of overall protein synthesis as well as with the accumulation of proteins denatured by stressful events. The factor that connects the three processes appears to be one of the hsp's, presumably a member(s) of the hsp70 family. Biochemical experiments demonstrate that complexes containing hsp70 and heat shock transcription factor, the specific regulator of hsp gene activity, are formed in the cells.
High frequency plant regeneration from transverse thin cell layers in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) (2009)

An efficient and reproducible plant regeneration system was established using transverse thin cell layers (tTCLs) in five cultivars of Brassjca juncea L. The effects of medium conditions, explant types (tTCLs of hypcotyl and cotyledonary petiole) on shoot regeneration were examined in this study. The maximum shoot regeneration frequency was obtained in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 4 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and 0.2 mg/L 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The hypocotyls derived tTCL explants had more shoot regeneration frequency (52%) than the cotyledonary petiole derived tTCL explants. Shoot induction was further improved by the addition of silver nitrate (<TEX>$AgNO_3$</TEX>) in the regeneration medium. A significant genotypic effect was also observed between the five cultivars; Rai-5 displayed higher capacities to produce shoots than other cultivars. Regenerated shoots were rooted on MS basal medium without PGRs which induced 90% of roots. The plantlets established in greenhouse conditions with 99% survival, flowered normally and set seeds. The regenerated plants were fertile and identical to source plants.
Plant production of high affinity nanobodies that block SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding with its receptor, human angiotensin converting enzyme (2022)

Nanobodies<sup>®</sup> (V<sub>HH</sub> antibodies), are small peptides that represent the antigen binding domain, V<sub>HH</sub> of unique single domain antibodies (heavy chain only antibodies, HcAb) derived from camelids. Here, we demonstrate production of V<sub>HH</sub> nanobodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins in the solanaceous plant <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> through transient expression and their subsequent detection verified through western blot. We demonstrate that these nanobodies competitively inhibit binding between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain and its human receptor protein, angiotensin converting enzyme 2. There has been significant interest and a number of publications on the use of plants as biofactories and even some reports of producing nanobodies in plants. Our data demonstrate that functional nanobodies blocking a process necessary to initiate SARS-CoV-2 infection into mammalian cells can be produced in plants. This opens the alternative of using plants in a scheme to rapidly respond to therapeutic needs for emerging pathogens in human medicine and agriculture.
New pathogenetic hypothesis for Wolman disease: possible role of oxidized low-density lipoproteins in adrenal necrosis and calcification (1994)

Wolman disease in an inherited metabolic disease, characterized by a severe deficiency of the acid lipase and a massive lysosomal storage of triacylglycerols and cholesteryl esters, associated with hepatosplenomegaly, adrenal calcification and nearly always fatal in the first year of life. Cultured human lymphoblastoid cells and human adrenal cells are able to promote the formation of mildly oxidized low-density lipoproteins (LDL), which in turn exhibit a non-negligible cytotoxic effect on these cells. In contrast, fibroblasts induce only very low levels of LDL oxidation. Comparative experiments have shown that the cytotoxic effect of oxidized LDL was higher to Wolman-disease cells than to controls. The oxidative ability of Wolman cells was similar to that of normal ones. The over-cytotoxicity of mildly oxidized LDL to Wolman cells resulted from the higher uptake of mildly oxidized LDL through the LDL-receptor pathway, which is only poorly down-regulated in Wolman cells subsequently to the block of the lysosomal degradation of LDL-cholesteryl esters. In cultured adrenal cells, oxidized LDL induced a sustained rise in intracellular [Ca2+] which is directly involved in the cellular damage and cell death induced by oxidized LDL [Nègre-Salvayre and Salvayre (1992) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1123, 207-215]. This Ca2+ peak is followed by a dramatic deposition of calcium in damaged or/and dead cultured adrenal cells, quite similar to that observed in Wolman-disease adrenal cortex. The cell-induced LDL oxidation and the subsequent cytotoxic effect can be prevented, at least in part, by antioxidants such as alpha-tocopherol and nordihydroguaiaretic acid. These findings support the hypothesis that the Wolman-disease adrenal damage (necrosis and calcification) could result from the association of the following events: mild oxidation of LDL by adrenal cells, over-uptake of mildly oxidized LDL by Wolman cells (resulting from the block of the lysosomal degradation of cholesteryl esters in Wolman cells), and cytotoxicity related to the amount of mildly oxidized LDL internalized by cells. The reported data also suggest that LDL oxidation induced by adrenal cells and their subsequent cytotoxicity can be prevented (in part) by antioxidants, and the potential therapeutic use of antioxidants in Wolman disease is discussed.
MEOX1 Promotes Tumor Progression and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Human Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (2018)

<b>Background:</b> MEOX1 is a homeobox transcriptional factor, and plays essential roles in regulating somite development. Our previous study indicated that MEOX1 is a critical molecular target in mesenchymal-like cancer cells in PTEN-deficient Trastuzumab resistant breast cancer. Despite the potential implication of MEOX1 for the cancer progression, no previous studies examined its level and clinical significance in lung cancer tissues. In this study, we aimed to detect the MEOX1 expression and correlate its level with clinical outcome in non-small-cell lung cancer patients (NSCLC). <b>Methods:</b> MEOX1 gene expression in lung cancer was examined by using the Oncomine database. MEOX1 protein levels were evaluated by IHC using the corresponding primary antibody on two different commercial lung cancer tissue arrays. siRNA knockdown was used to elucidate the function of MEOX1. <b>Results:</b> Analysis of the Oncomine datasets identified that an elevation of MEOX1 in gene amplification in lung cancer tissues in comparison to normal lung tissues. Immunohistochemistical analysis demonstrated that MEOX1 was localized predominantly in the nucleus, and positive rate was 67.3% (111/165) in NSCLC samples. Statistical analysis revealed high levels of MEOX1 significantly correlated with Lymph Node Metastasis and Stage. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that high levels of MEOX1 were significantly associated with unfavorable survival in NSCLC patients, and MEOX1 nucleus staining had worse survival, than did patients with overall expression in lung squamous cell carcinoma patients. Multivariate Cox's regression analysis found that MEOX1 was an independent poor prognostic predictor for patients with NSCLC. Silencing of MEOX1 by specific SiRNA significantly inhibited H460 and H1299 cell proliferation and sphere formation in serum-free medium. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our results firstly indentified that high levels of MEOX1 especially nuclear staining was an independent prognostic factor for NSCLC, and it served a essential roles in the regulation of cell proliferation and colony formation <i>in vitro</i>. It may represent a potential target for the NSCLC treatment.
Salvage Reconstruction of Lower Extremity Defects With Muscle Flaps (2009)

Summary: The management of lower extremity wounds has changed as reconstructive options have broadened. Free tissue transfer has enabled salvage of limbs that would have previously been amputated. At the same time, development of new local flaps has allowed successful reconstruction of wounds without the need for microsurgery. Additionally, vacuum-assisted closure therapy has dramatically impacted wound care and facilitated complex wound closure without the need for flaps (DeFranzo et al. Plast Reconstr Surg 2001;108:1184–1191). As surgical techniques have improved, the need for surgical salvage of lower extremities has concomitantly increased. The lives of multi-trauma patients, whether after a motor vehicle accident or wartime injury, are preserved at higher rates, producing more medically stable individuals with salvageable extremities. As cancer treatment improves, quality of life becomes a more important consideration, and limb-preserving surgery is more frequently expected. This article discusses methods of reconstructing complex lower extremity wounds. Surgical techniques, and anatomically based descriptions of commonly used flaps, are outlined. Perioperative management of these reconstructed extremities is also detailed.
Vanadium removal from drinking water by fixed‐bed adsorption on granular ferric hydroxide (2022)

Abstract The metal vanadium (V), often present as pentavalent oxyanion vanadate, can be present in groundwaters worldwide due to natural origin. While there are presently no US drinking water standards for vanadium, the German Environmental Protection Agency has defined a guidance value of 4 μg/L in drinking water. Impacted water suppliers need an effective and selective treatment process for meeting this value. In 2020, an extended efficiency test (EET) was completed successfully at a water works in Daun, Germany using GEH®, Granular Ferric Hydroxide, an adsorbent that has been in use for over 20 years in several thousand treatment plants worldwide, primarily for removal of arsenic present as arsenate, with chemical similarities to vanadate. An EET, performed in a treatment plant with a flow of 34 m 3 /h over 13 months, demonstrated reliable removal of vanadium, present at 28 μg/L, down to the limit of quantification (2 μg/L). Thus, for water supplies with vanadium occurrence and a similar water quality, GEH® may provide an effective treatment option.
Figure S2 from Glycodelin: A New Biomarker with Immunomodulatory Functions in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S2. Antibody controls and glycodelin expression of patient 2106.&lt;/p&gt;
Evaluating the Transferability and Adversarial Discrimination of Convolutional Neural Networks for Threat Object Detection and Classification within X-Ray Security Imagery (2019)

X-ray imagery security screening is essential to maintaining transport security against a varying profile of threat or prohibited items. Particular interest lies in the automatic detection and classification of weapons such as firearms and knives within complex and cluttered X-ray security imagery. Here, we address this problem by exploring various end-to-end object detection Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures. We evaluate several leading variants spanning the Faster R-CNN, Mask R-CNN, and RetinaNet architectures to explore the transferability of such models between varying X-ray scanners with differing imaging geometries, image resolutions and material colour profiles. Whilst the limited availability of X-ray threat imagery can pose a challenge, we employ a transfer learning approach to evaluate whether such inter-scanner generalisation may exist over a multiple class detection problem. Overall, we achieve maximal detection performance using a Faster R-CNN architecture with a ResNet101 classification network, obtaining 0.88 and 0.86 of mean Average Precision (mAP) for a three-class and two class item from varying X-ray imaging sources. Our results exhibit a remarkable degree of generalisability in terms of cross-scanner performance (mAP: 0.87, firearm detection: 0.94 AP). In addition, we examine the inherent adversarial discriminative capability of such networks using a specifically generated adversarial dataset for firearms detection - with a variable low false positive, as low as 5%, this shows both the challenge and promise of such threat detection within X-ray security imagery.
MATERIAL FLOW AND STORING OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC (2007)

The authors of this paper dealt with the situation in agricultural enterprises in the Czech Republic, first of all from the view of main material flows and suitability and exploitation of storing areas.All investigated enterprises [86] were evaluated according to their acreage and divided into two groups: 1] less than 1500 and more than 1500 ha of agricultural land.As a supplement of this investigation data concerning the transport distances in km and data from the nation-wide census concerning the number and equipment of special storage houses in the Czech Republic are added.
AN ON-LINE COMPUTER INSTALLATION AT LAWRENCE RADIATION LABORATORY BERKELEY (1964)

Much of the digital instrumentation around large experimental installations can best be provided by using a stored-program computer.The use of a "'small (PDP-5) computer in such on-line applications is discussed.Such a machine is especially valuable for-readout, display, and graph plotting, and for reduction of data before input to a larger computer.It is also useful in the accumulation. ' ' .' .. ' ~, .... ' ' .. ' '.. ' .
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry and Anti‐HIV Properties of 2′‐Fluoro‐2′,3′‐ dideoxyarabinofuranosylpyrimidines. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Recommendations for daytime, evening, and nighttime indoor light exposure to best support physiology, sleep, and wakefulness in healthy adults (2022)

Ocular light exposure has important influences on human health and well-being through modulation of circadian rhythms and sleep, as well as neuroendocrine and cognitive functions. Prevailing patterns of light exposure do not optimally engage these actions for many individuals, but advances in our understanding of the underpinning mechanisms and emerging lighting technologies now present opportunities to adjust lighting to promote optimal physical and mental health and performance. A newly developed, international standard provides a SI-compliant way of quantifying the influence of light on the intrinsically photosensitive, melanopsin-expressing, retinal neurons that mediate these effects. The present report provides recommendations for lighting, based on an expert scientific consensus and expressed in an easily measured quantity (melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (melaponic EDI)) defined within this standard. The recommendations are supported by detailed analysis of the sensitivity of human circadian, neuroendocrine, and alerting responses to ocular light and provide a straightforward framework to inform lighting design and practice.
Chapter 5: Thermal energy storage materials and systems (2012)

Renewable energy generation is inherently variable. Solar energy shows seasonal (summer–&#13;\nwinter), daily (day–night), and hourly (clouds) variations. Thermal energy storage (TES)&#13;\nsystems correct the mismatch between the solar supply and the demand for thermal energy.&#13;\nHence, TES is a key technology for solar thermal energy utilization with growing present and&#13;\nfuture importance. This chapter gives a broad overview of different TES materials and technologies.&#13;\nThe text follows the classification commonly adopted in the academic literature. The&#13;\nthree major TES types are sensible (Sec. 2), latent (Sec. 3), and thermochemical (Sec. 4). The&#13;\nchapter focuses on high-temperature applications in the area of concentrated solar power&#13;\n(CSP) generation.
A Prototype Feeding-Growth Table for White Sturgeon (1996)

Based upon a series of feeding experiments an empirical model was developed to predict the growth rate of white sturgeon, Acipenser tranmontanus, from feeding rate, water temperature, and body weight. A feeding model was also developed to predict optimum feeding rate from body weight and water temperature. Validation of the growth model against independent data showed that he model predictions agreed well with observed growth. A prototype feeding-growth table was established for white sturgeon between 50-1.000 g at 10-26°C.
Electrolyte-Guided Design of Electroreductive CO Coupling on Copper Surfaces (2021)

Engineering the interfacial distribution of electrolytic ions can aid in modulating the electrocatalyst performance and efficiency. Using a hybrid quantum-classical modeling approach, we describe how predictive tuning of the solution microenvironment on copper can enhance the efficiency of CO2 reduction (CO2R) to C2 products. We elucidate how competing electrolyte constituents in mixed electrolyte solutions stimulate restructuring of the electrochemical double layer (EDL) and stabilize the OCCO* dimer (* denotes surface adsorbed), with predictions validated in flow reactors using copper gas diffusion electrodes (Cu-GDEs). Our findings highlight how molecular-scale electrolyte engineering with informed models of the EDL can be leveraged to tailor CO2R activity and selectivity toward C2 products.
Semantic Retrieval of Trademarks Based on Conceptual Similarity (2015)

Trademarks are signs of high reputational value. Thus, they require protection. This paper studies conceptual similarities between trademarks, which occurs when two or more trademarks evoke identical or analogous semantic content. This paper advances the state-of-the-art by proposing a computational approach based on semantics that can be used to compare trademarks for conceptual similarity. A trademark retrieval algorithm is developed that employs natural language processing techniques and an external knowledge source in the form of a lexical ontology. The search and indexing technique developed uses similarity distance, which is derived using Tversky's theory of similarity. The proposed retrieval algorithm is validated using two resources: a trademark database of 1400 disputed cases and a database of 378 943 company names. The accuracy of the algorithm is estimated using measures from two different domains: the R-precision score, which is commonly used in information retrieval and human judgment/collective human opinion, which is used in human-machine systems.
10A-5 Beamforming for Photoacoustic Imaging Using Linear Array Transducer (2007)

Combined ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging can be implemented using a standard ultrasound imaging system interfaced with a pulsed laser source. Since in both ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging modes the acoustic waves are measured at the surface of the tissue using an ultrasound transducer, the combined imaging system can utilize the same imaging probe. However, the generation mechanisms and, therefore, the characteristics of the acoustic pressure waves in pulse-echo ultrasound and photoacoustic are different. In ultrasound imaging, the reflectivity of the tissue is the goal of the reconstruction. In photoacoustic imaging, the goal is to map the optical absorption distribution of the tissue. Photoacoustic signal is dependent on the size of the absorber while ultrasound pulse- echo signal generally does not rely on the size of the reflector. In addition, the frequency response of the photoacoustic signal is usually broader compared to the ultrasound signal. Thus, wideband transducers are required in photoacoustic imaging whereas band-limited transducer can be used in ultrasound imaging. Due to these differences in signal generation, the grayscale ultrasound beamforming or image reconstruction algorithm may not achieve the desired image quality in photoacoustic imaging. In this paper, we describe the main differences between ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging methods, and analyze the image formation algorithms in the array-based imaging system. Our numerical and experimental studies suggest that image reconstruction algorithms can be shared in combined ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging system.