gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract TP473: Investigating the Pathogenesis of Moyamoya Disease Using Patient Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (2020)

Background: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare, progressive steno-occlusive cerebrovascular disorder of the internal carotid artery, leading to stroke. Affected arteries exhibit thickened intima with depleted elastic lamina and media, indicating a dysfunction of the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs). However the pathogenesis of the disease is still unclear. We aim to address this gap in knowledge by using patient derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), to generate VSMCs and ECs. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from controls and MMD patients (n=3 per group) were used for generating iPSCs. VSMC functionality was measured by collagen gel contraction assay and scratch assay. EC proliferative function was assessed by BrDU incorporation assay, and its migration capacity was evaluated by scratch assay and in vitro tube formation. VSMCs and ECs were also exposed to either hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or normoxia/ hypoxia model (1%O 2 ) to investigate how cells respond to these insults. Hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) activation was determined using western blot. Results: MMD VSMCs trended towards being more contractile and migrating faster than control VSMCs, in response to 10%FBS or SDF1α. On the other hand, MMD ECs migrated slower than control ECs in response to 10%FBS (p=0.0081) or VEGF (p=0.0072). MMD ECs also formed lesser tubes and exhibited fewer branch points when compared to controls. The rate of EC proliferation was similar between both groups. Cell death assays indicate that MMD VSMCs and ECs were more sensitive to the deleterious effects of H2O2 exposure when compared to control cells. Interestingly, MMD VSMCs had elevated HIF1α protein expression in normoxia, which was further increased after hypoxia. Conclusions: Our preliminary results indicate that both MMD VSMCs and ECs are dysfunctional and may be related to the elevated basal expression of HIF1α, possibly contributing to MMD pathology. We are currently investigating the interactions between VSMCs and ECs in MMD compared with controls using co-cultures. Ongoing studies also include transcriptome analysis of these differentiated cells, which will advance the understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying MMD.
Prehospital Thrombolysis in Acute Myocardial Infarction Salvages Myocardium (1997)

Early thrombolysis can be given at home, by a medical intensive care unit ambulance team, in the emergency room, or in the coronary care unit. Thrombolysis should be given very early (&lt;2 or 4 hours) and reestablish normal or near normal coronary blood flow. Methods of management include home monitoring of high risk patients with a transtelephonic 12‐lead monitor ECG, the management of the patient at home by a trained GP, physician, or medical technician controlled intensive care ambulance team, or a rapid “door to needle” time in the emergency room. Each of these systems requires patient and physician reeducation, to make each group aware of the advantages of early and complete revascularization. An alternative fast track can be provided by immediate percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty if the hospital can be prewarned by the physician outside. This article reviews the current published literature and also our experience in 760 patients in Jerusalem. Infarct size, complication rate, and long‐term prognosis is related to early complete restoration of coronary blood flow.
Optimizing theCostofTestatIntel Using perDevice Data (2006)

Theoptimization ofIntel Corporation's test process and testcostbytheutilization ofdata fromprevious teststeps anddevices inorder tomakeflowlevel andunitlevel testing decisions, including adaptive testing.. This optimization isexternal to traditional testflowsand enables per device testcontentoptimization atone test socket or between multiple sockets ina highvolume manufacturing environment usingonline andoffline data transfer systems, which manage thecritical databetween testsockets tobeusedfor theadaptive testing algorithms themselves.
The Biochemistry and Enzymology of Amino Acid Dehydrogenases (1994)

This review is an exhaustive description of the biochemistry and enzymology of all 17 known NAD(P)(+)-amino acid dehydrogenases. These enzymes catalyze the oxidative deamination of an amino acid to its keto acid and ammonia, with the concomitant reduction of either NAD+ or NADP+. These enzymes have many important applications in industrial and medical settings and have been the object of prodigious enzymological research. This article describes all that is known about the poorly characterized members of the family and contains detailed information on the better characterized enzymes, including valine, phenylalanine, leucine, alanine, and glutamate dehydrogenases. The latter three enzymes have been the subject of extensive enzymological experimentation, and, consequently, their chemical mechanisms are discussed. The three-dimensional structure of the Clostridium symbiosum glutamate dehydrogenase has been determined recently and remains the only structure known of any amino acid dehydrogenase. The three-dimensional structure and its implications to the chemical mechanisms and rate-limiting steps of the amino acid dehydrogenase family are discussed.
Size-dependent magnetic ordering and spin dynamics in DyPO4and GdPO4nanoparticles (2011)

Low-temperature magnetic susceptibility and heat-capacity measurements on nanoparticles ($d\ensuremath{\approx}$ 2.6 nm) of the antiferromagnetic compounds DyPO${}_{4}$ (${T}_{N}=3.4$ K) and GdPO${}_{4}$ (${T}_{N}=0.77$ K) provide clear demonstrations of finite-size effects, which limit the divergence of the magnetic correlation lengths, thereby suppressing the bulk long-range magnetic ordering transitions. Instead, the incomplete antiferromagnetic order inside the particles leads to the formation of net magnetic moments on the particles. For the nanoparticles of Ising-type DyPO${}_{4}$ superparamagnetic blocking is found in the ac susceptibility at $\ensuremath{\simeq}$1 K, those of the $XY$-type GdPO${}_{4}$ analog show a dipolar spin-glass transition at $\ensuremath{\simeq}$$0.2$ K. Monte Carlo simulations for the magnetic heat capacities of both bulk and nanoparticle samples are in agreement with the experimental data. Strong size effects are also apparent in the Dy${}^{3+}$ and Gd${}^{3+}$ spin dynamics, which were studied by zero-field muon spin rotation ($\ensuremath{\mu}$SR) and high-field ${}^{31}$P-nuclear magnetic resonance (${}^{31}$P-NMR) nuclear relaxation measurements. The freezing transitions observed in the ac susceptibility of the nanoparticles also appear as peaks in the temperature dependence of the zero-field $\ensuremath{\mu}$SR rates, but at slightly higher temperatures, as to be expected from the higher frequency of the muon probe. For both bulk and nanoparticles of GdPO${}_{4}$, the muon and ${}^{31}$P-NMR rates are for $T\ensuremath{\geqslant}5$ K dominated by exchange-narrowed hyperfine broadening arising from the electron spin-spin interactions inside the particles. The dipolar hyperfine interactions acting on the muons and the ${}^{31}$P are, however, much reduced in the nanoparticles. For the DyPO${}_{4}$ analogs the high-temperature rates appear to be fully determined by electron spin-lattice relaxation processes.
Planning and Deployment of SAE (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Network Evolution from 2G/3G PS Core to EPC Entering Commercial Phase: Support for Multi-Mode LTE/3G/2G Terminals with Pre-Release 8 SGSN SGSN/MME Evolution Case Example: Commercial SGSN/MME Offering Mobile Gateway Evolution Case Example: Commercial GGSN/S-GW/P-GW Offering EPC Network Deployment and Topology Considerations LTE Access Dimensioning
Hydroxylation and Epoxidation of Some 1-Olefins with Per-acids (1946)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydroxylation and Epoxidation of Some 1-Olefins with Per-acidsDaniel Swern, Geraldine N. Billen, and John T. ScanlanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 8, 1504–1507Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01212a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01212a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views683Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The miRNA-Kallikrein interactions: Adding a new dimension (2015)

Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) represent the largest cluster of serine proteases in the human genome , comprising 15 genes located on chromosome 19q13.1 Members of the human kallikrein family...
Biochemical evidence for a relative lack of inhibition of thrombin formation by nonionic contrast media. (1991)

An in vitro study was done to investigate the thrombogenic potential of nonionic contrast media. Whole blood from 18 healthy volunteers was mixed with ionic contrast medium (diatrizoate, ioxaglate), a non-ionic contrast medium (iohexol), or saline (the control) and incubated in glass and plastic test tubes. Levels of prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (F1 + 2), thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT), and antithrombin III (AT III) were measured. Evidence showed increased thrombin formation in glass tubes compared with that in plastic tubes, a finding in concordance with the known association between contact with glass and increased activation of coagulation. F1 + 2 and TAT levels were significantly increased in the nonionic mixtures compared with such levels in ionic mixtures (P less than or equal to .05). Control mixtures showed little or no overall increased thrombin formation by F1 + 2 and TAT levels compared with nonionic mixtures. These findings suggest an inhibition of thrombin generation by ionic contrast media in vitro and a relative lack of such inhibition by iohexol.
Rapid microbial interaction network inference in microfluidic droplets (2019)

ABSTRACT Microbial interactions are major drivers of microbial community dynamics and functions. However, microbial interactions are challenging to decipher due to limitations in parallel culturing of sub-communities across many environments and accurate absolute abundance quantification of constituent members of the consortium. To this end, we developed M icrobial Interaction N etwork Inference in microdroplets (MINI-Drop), a high-throughput method to rapidly infer microbial interactions in microbial consortia in microfluidic droplets. Fluorescence microscopy coupled to automated computational droplet and cell detection was used to rapidly determine the absolute abundance of each strain in hundreds to thousands of droplets per experiment. We show that MINI-Drop can accurately infer pairwise as well as higher-order interactions using a microbial interaction toolbox of defined microbial interactions mediated by distinct molecular mechanisms. MINI-Drop was used to investigate how the molecular composition of the environment alters the interaction network of a three-member consortium. To provide insight into the variation in community states across droplets, we developed a probabilistic model of cell growth modified by microbial interactions. In sum, we demonstrate a robust and generalizable method to probe cellular interaction networks by random encapsulation of sub-communities into microfluidic droplets.
Texaco Coal Gasification Process: Commercial plant applications (1986)

The Texaco Coal Gasification Process (TCGP) has been employed at several commercial scale facilities worldwide, and has matured to the point where it is now an attractive alternative for use in chemical and power facilities. The successful use of the process at existing facilities has yielded valuable performance data and operating experience which can help in optimizing the efficiency of all future TCGP operating plants. This process has been employed for the production of chemicals in the U.S., Japan and West Germany. Other TCGP chemical plants in China, Sweden, West Germany, and the U.S. are now being planned or are under construction. The commercial viability of TCGP for large scale production of electric power has been proven at the 120 MW Cool Water facility in Southern California. The economic and environmental characteristics of the process make it the leading technology option for future electric utility use. One major utility has publicly announced its intent to use gasification in their next power plant and many others are including it in their formal planning process.
Quality of life in adolescents with hepatitis C treated with sofosbuvir and ribavirin (2017)

Chronic HCV infection has been associated with impairment of HRQL in both adults and paediatric patients. Our aim was to assess the HRQL of HCV-positive children treated with SOF + RBV. The data for this post hoc analysis were collected in a phase 2 open-label multinational study that evaluated safety and efficacy of SOF (400 mg/day) plus RBV (weight-based up to 1400 mg/day) for 12 or 24 weeks in adolescents with chronic HCV (GS-US-334-1112). Patients and their parents/guardians completed the PedsQL-4.0-SF-15 questionnaire at baseline, at the end of treatment and in post-treatment follow-up. We included 50 adolescents with HCV genotype 2 and 3 without cirrhosis (14.8 ± 1.9 years; male: 58%; treatment-naïve: 82%; vertically transmitted HCV: 70%). After treatment, 100% of patients with HCV genotype 2 and 95% with genotype 3 achieved SVR-12. During treatment with SOF + RBV, there were no significant decrements in any of patients' self-reported or parent-proxy-reported PRO scores regardless of treatment duration (all P > .05). After treatment cessation, we recorded a statistically significant improvement in patients' self-reported Social Functioning score by post-treatment week 12: on average, +4.8 points on a 0-100 scale (P = .02). By post-treatment week 24, parent-proxy-reported School Functioning score increased by, on average, +13.0 points (P = .0065). In multivariate analysis, history of abdominal pain and psychiatric disorders were predictive of impaired HRQL in adolescents with HCV (P < .05). Adolescents with HCV do not seem to experience any HRQL decrement during treatment with SOF + RBV and experience some improvement of their HRQL scores after achieving SVR.
699. Correction of Glycogen Storage Disease Type II (GSD II) with an Adeno-Associated Virus 8 (AAV2/8) Vector (2004)

Glycogen storage disease type II (GSD II; Pompe disease; MIM 232300) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency in the activity of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-glucosidase (GAA; acid maltase; EC 3.2.1.20). The disease is characterized by massive accumulation of glycogen in the lysosomes and cytoplasm of striated muscle, with a subsequent disruption of cellular functions. Clinically, the disease spectrum varies in severity and age of onset, and the manifestations include muscle weakness, hypotonia, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and respiratory failure. Intravenous administration of adenovirus vectors encoding GAA previously demonstrated generalized correction of glycogen storage in the GAA-knockout (GAA-KO) mouse model, although GAA secretion stopped and glycogen content increased coincident with appearance of anti-GAA antibodies. Tissue-specific expression of an introduced therapeutic protein has prevented the formation of neutralizing antibodies in other models, but not in GAA-KO mice. Consequently, an AAV2/8 vector containing a liver-specific promoter (LSP) to drive GAA expression (AAV-LSPGAApA) was administered (1 x 10E11 particles intravenously) in 3 month-old immunocompetent GAA-KO mice. A second group of age-matched GAA-KO mice was injected with a similar dose of an AAV2/8 vector containing hGAA under the control of the CMV enhancer/chicken |[beta]|-actin (CB) promoter for comparison (AAV-CBGAApA). High-level hGAA was detectable by Western blot in plasma for longer than 6 weeks with AAV-LSPGAApA in GAA-KO mice, in contrast to AAV-CBGAApA which produced low-level hGAA in the plasma only during the first week. The latter vector has produced sustained, high-level hGAA in plasma in immunodeficient (GAA-KO/SCID) mice, indicating the significance of the immune response to hGAA secretion. ELISA performed at 1, 3, and 6 weeks following vector administration demonstrated no detectable anti-GAA antibodies in response to liver-specific hGAA expression in GAA-KO mice ( 1:800) at the 6 week time point. The level of hGAA activity in plasma with AAV-LSPGAApA (>1000 nmol/hr/ml) has previously corrected glycogen storage in the heart of tolerant GAA-KO mice. This combined approach to liver-targeted gene therapy of GSD II with a liver-directed AAV serotype and a liver-specific promoter provides a substantially greater and more sustained level of hGAA expression in vivo than has previously been reported. Further work will be carried out to determine the implications of this sustained, high-level expression of the enzyme on disease phenotype. Thus, use of a liver-specific promoter prevented neutralizing antibody formation in GSD II mice and will enhance the development of gene therapy in Pompe disease.
Local transfer of optical angular momentum to matter (2006)

In this paper, the problem of the local and global features of the angular momentum of light in a consistent treatment of the interaction with dielectric objects is resolved. This process is modelled with a simple ansatz describing the field after the object, in the limits of a paraxial light beam and of a weak dielectric (refractive index /spl sim/1), describing effects as absorption, action of spiral phase plates, as well as birefringence. The transferred angular momentum is then calculated.
Neurokinin-1 receptor is a novel positive regulator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in melanogenesis (2016)

// Jia Zhou 1, * , Jingjing Ling 2, * , Huizhu Song 2 , Bei Lv 2 , Lei Wang 2 , Jing Shang 1 , Yong Wang 2 , Chunyan Chang 2 , Fengfeng Ping 2 , Jun Qian 2 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China 2 Wuxi People&rsquo;s Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, P.R. China * These authors contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Fengfeng Ping, email: pfftile@163.com Jun Qian, email: Qianjun111@163.com Keywords: neurokinin-1 receptor, Wnt/&beta;-catenin, [Sar9, Met(O2)11] substance P, L-733060 Received: May 23, 2016&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Accepted: November 02, 2016&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Published: November 08, 2016 ABSTRACT Wnt/&beta;-catenin signaling is essential for melanogenesis in melanocytes. Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) has recently been demonstrated to be involved in melanin production. However, the cross talk between NK-1R and Wnt/&beta;-catenin is poorly understood. Here, [Sar 9 , Met(O 2 ) 11 ] substance P (SMSP) was used to activate NK-1R, while L-733060 was used to inhibit it. The effects of NK-1R activation and inhibition on Wnt and its inhibitors were analyzed using western blot and real-time quantitative PCR. The results showed that SMSP positively regulated Wnt/&beta;-catenin signaling by increasing the expression of &beta;-catenin and p-GSK3&beta; protein, which resulted from the weakened expression of the Wnt inhibitor Dickkopf-1 (DKK1). On the contrary, L-733060 lowered the expression of &beta;-catenin and p-GSK3&beta; protein through the up-regulation of DKK1 expression. Furthermore, in L-733060-treated mice, it was found that the pigmentation level as well as the melanogenic proteins and &beta;-catenin protein expression were down-regulated, while the expression of DKK1 was up-regulated. These results showed the interaction between NK-1R and Wnt in human melanocytes in vitro and C57BL/6J mice in vivo , indicating that NK-1R may positively regulate melanogenesis through Wnt/&beta;-catenin signaling pathway.
First Scandinavian Experience of Electrical Sacral Nerve Stimulation in the Treatment of the Overactive Bladder (2000)

SNS is a new promising option for the treatment of urge incontinence. Refined instruments for proper patient selection and the optimal way to position the electrode remain to be developed.
Nanoscale organization of Actin Filaments in the Red Blood Cell Membrane Skeleton (2021)

Abstract Red blood cell (RBC) shape and deformability are supported by a planar network of short actin filament (F-actin) nodes interconnected by long spectrin molecules at the inner surface of the plasma membrane. Spectrin-F-actin network structure underlies quantitative modelling of forces controlling RBC shape, membrane curvature and deformation, yet the nanoscale organization of F-actin nodes in the network in situ is not understood. Here, we examined F-actin distribution in RBCs using fluorescent-phalloidin labeling of F-actin imaged by multiple microscopy modalities. Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) and Zeiss Airyscan confocal microscopy demonstrate that F-actin is concentrated in multiple brightly stained F-actin foci ∼200-300 nm apart interspersed with dimmer F-actin staining regions. Live cell imaging reveals dynamic lateral movements, appearance and disappearance of F-actin foci. Single molecule STORM imaging and computational cluster analysis of experimental and synthetic data sets indicate that individual filaments are non-randomly distributed, with the majority as multiple filaments, and the remainder sparsely distributed as single filaments. These data indicate that F-actin nodes are non-uniformly distributed in the spectrin-F-actin network and necessitate reconsideration of current models of forces accounting for RBC shape and membrane deformability, predicated upon uniform distribution of F-actin nodes and associated proteins across the micron-scale RBC membrane.