gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling Breast Cancer–Associated c-Src and EGFR Overexpression in Human MECs: c-Src and EGFR Cooperatively Promote Aberrant Three-dimensional Acinar Structure and Invasive Behavior (2007)

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a member of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in as many as 60% cases of breast and other cancers. EGFR overexpression is a characteristic of highly aggressive molecular subtypes of breast cancer with basal-like and BRCA1 mutant phenotypes distinct from ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancers. Yet, EGFR is substantially weaker compared with ErbB2 in promoting the oncogenic transformation of nontumorigenic human mammary epithelial cells (human MEC), suggesting a role for cooperating oncogenes. Here, we have modeled the co-overexpression of EGFR and a biologically and clinically relevant potential modifier c-Src in two distinct immortal but nontumorigenic human MECs. Using a combination of morphologic analysis and confocal imaging of polarity markers in three-dimensional Matrigel culture together with functional analyses of early oncogenic traits, we show for the first time that EGFR and c-Src co-overexpression but not EGFR or c-Src overexpression alone unleashes an oncogenic signaling program that leads to hyperproliferation and loss of polarity in three-dimensional acinar cultures, marked enhancement of migratory and invasive behavior, and anchorage-independent growth. Our results establish that EGFR overexpression in an appropriate context (modeled here using c-Src overexpression) can initiate oncogenic transformation of nontumorigenic human MECs and provide a suitable in vitro model to interrogate human breast cancer-relevant oncogenic signaling pathways initiated by overexpressed EGFR and to identify modifiers of EGFR-mediated breast oncogenesis.
Critical evaluation and limitations of localized flux density measurements in electrical steels (2001)

Search coils and needle probes are existing experimental sensors that can measure flux distributions in electrical steels. This work investigates and evaluates the limitations of each method, proposes the use of a new modified needle probe method and gives reasons for its improved applicability and relative merits.
Photosynthesis of dimeric cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, and safrole as antimicrobial agents (2011)

It has been reported that trans-cinnamaldehyde, eugenol and safrole inhibited bacteria and fungi growth in vivo mode. In order to improve their biological activity, dimeric cinnamaldehyde, eugenol and safrole have been photosynthesized. The photosynthesis compounds were 4,6-diphenyl-1,2-dioxane-3,5-dicarboxaldehyde, 4,4-(cyclobutone-1,3-diyl bis(methylene))bis(2-methoxyphenal), and 3,6-bis(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethyl)-1,2-dioxane. These new dimeric compounds strongly inhibited Candida albicans growth more than the monomers.
Informing Business Process Models Adherence to Protocols via Business Process Modelling: The Case of Cell Therapy and Applied Genomics in Cancer Care (2018)

Business Process Modelling has been widely used to understand, document, and improve organizational processes in an attempt to semi- or fully- automate these processes. This paper is an attempt to better understand and model organizational processes, in a Cancer Care organization, and in particular, the processes of Cell Therapy and Applied Genomics and to improve current practice and workflow by the stakeholders, using a standardized business process modelling language, namely the Business Process Modelling Notation (BPMN). This research has highlighted the significance of using role-based business process modelling languages, in discovering gaps and to improve adhering to some internal policies, procedures and protocols.
Gene Regulation of Carbon Fixation, Storage, and Utilization in the DiatomPhaeodactylum tricornutumAcclimated to Light/Dark Cycles (2012)

The regulation of carbon metabolism in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum at the cell, metabolite, and gene expression levels in exponential fed-batch cultures is reported. Transcriptional profiles and cell chemistry sampled simultaneously at all time points provide a comprehensive data set on carbon incorporation, fate, and regulation. An increase in Nile Red fluorescence (a proxy for cellular neutral lipids) was observed throughout the light period, and water-soluble glucans increased rapidly in the light period. A near-linear decline in both glucans and lipids was observed during the dark period, and transcription profile data indicated that this decline was associated with the onset of mitosis. More than 4,500 transcripts that were differentially regulated during the light/dark cycle are identified, many of which were associated with carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Genes not previously described in algae and their regulation in response to light were integrated in this analysis together with proposed roles in metabolic processes. Some very fast light-responding genes in, for example, fatty acid biosynthesis were identified and allocated to biosynthetic processes. Transcripts and cell chemistry data reflect the link between light energy availability and light energy-consuming metabolic processes. Our data confirm the spatial localization of processes in carbon metabolism to either plastids or mitochondria or to glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, which are localized to the cytosol, chloroplast, and mitochondria. Localization and diel expression pattern may be of help to determine the roles of different isoenzymes and the mining of genes involved in light responses and circadian rhythms.
Data-driven separation and estimation of atrial dynamics in very high-dimensional electrocardiograms from epilepsy patients (2019)

Across biomedical areas, there is a significant unmet need for multimodal biomarkers that can improve prediction of abnormal events such as seizures, heart and asthma attacks or stroke. These markers may be multimodal and may include electrophysiological measures estimated from noninvasive, routinely collected clinical data, such as electroencephalograms (EEG) and electrocardiograms (ECG). In epilepsy, seizure detection and prediction from noninvasive data remains a difficult problem in need of novel approaches and markers. The inherent noise in high-dimensional EEG signals and artifact contamination often severely impacts the sensitivity and specificity of otherwise promising biomarkers. Long-term epilepsy clinical studies typically collect continuous ECG from which additional features may be estimated and combined with EEG measures to improve sensitivity to ictogenesis and seizure specificity. Prior work has focused on ventricular activity and features of the QRS complex, but atrial activity may also be modulated by seizure evolution. Given the high dimension of the ECG collected continuously over several days, an entirely data-driven approach is proposed, based on which ECG signals may be separated into ventricular and atrial contributions and studied separately. The relationship of atrial dynamics to seizure occurrence is assessed in a small number of pediatric epilepsy patients with high-dimensional ECG.
Visually-guided obstacle avoidance (2003)

The paper describes an indoor autonomous vision based obstacle avoidance robot system. The vision part of the system converts forward looking greyscale camera images into edge images using Canny edge detection. Both edge image and sonar ranging information is used as stimuli by the behaviours that make up the reactive part of the system. These behaviours all run concurrently and they couple perception to actions to generate motor responses. A priority based subsumption coordinator selects the most appropriate response to direct the robot away from obstacles.
Pandemic versus Epidemic Influenza Mortality: A Pattern of Changing Age Distribution (1998)

Almost all deaths related to current influenza epidemics occur among the elderly. However, mortality was greatest among the young during the 1918-1919 pandemic. This study compared the age distribution of influenza-related deaths in the United States during this century's three influenza A pandemics with that of the following epidemics. Half of influenza-related deaths during the 1968-1969 influenza A (H3N2) pandemic and large proportions of influenza-related deaths during the 1957-1958 influenza A (H2N2) and the 1918-1919 influenza A (H1N1) pandemics occurred among persons <65 years old. However, this group accounted for decrementally smaller proportions of deaths during the first decade following each pandemic. A model suggested that this mortality pattern may be explained by selective acquisition of protection against fatal illness among younger persons. The large proportion of influenza-related deaths during each pandemic and the following decade among persons <65 years old should be considered in planning for pandemics.
A Reliability Model for Dependent and Distributed MDS Disk Array Units (2018)

Archiving and systematic backup of large digital data generates a quick demand for multi-petabyte scale storage systems. As drive capacities continue to grow beyond the few terabytes range to address the demands of today's cloud, the likelihood of having multiple/simultaneous disk failures became a reality. Among the main factors causing catastrophic system failures, correlated disk failures and the network bandwidth are reported to be the two common source of performance degradation. The emerging trend is to use efficient/sophisticated erasure codes (EC) equipped with multiple parities and efficient repairs in order to meet the reliability/bandwidth requirements. It is known that mean time to failure and repair rates reported by the disk manufacturers cannot capture life-cycle patterns of distributed storage systems. In this study, we develop failure models based on generalized Markov chains that can accurately capture correlated performance degradations with multiparity protection schemes based on modern maximum distance separable EC. Furthermore, we use the proposed model in a distributed storage scenario to quantify two example use cases: Primarily, the common sense that adding more parity disks are only meaningful if we have a decent decorrelation between the failure domains of storage systems and the reliability of generic multiple single-dimensional EC protected storage systems.
Vital signs monitoring using impulse based UWB signal (2011)

UWB technology is a new, useful and safe technology in the field of wireless body networks. This paper focuses on the feasibility of estimating vital signs — specifically breathing rate and heartbeat frequency — from the spectrum of recorded waveforms, using impulse-radio (IR) UWB radar. To this end, an analytical model is developed to perform and interpret the spectral analysis in each case. Both the harmonics and the intermodulation between respiration and heart signals are addressed. Simulations have been performed to demonstrate how they affect the detection of vital signs and also to analyze the influence of the pulse waveform in the case of UWB sensors. A filter to cancel out breathing harmonics is also proposed to improve heart rate detection. The motion of the antennas (for instance in hand-held devices) or of the person combines with the signal and might obscure physiological motion. In this work, a technique for movement compensation will be presented.
Breeding of a New Tetraploid Bletilla striata Reichb. fil., 'Chungbuk Jaran' (2004)

‘Chungbuk Jaran’, a new tetraploid Bletilla striata Reichb. fil. was produced by applying 0.4% (w/v) aqueous colchicine to pseudobulbs for 120 hours. Ploidy level was determined by cytological chromosome counting and flow cytometry. ‘Chungbuk Jaran’ had longer plant height and thicker stems that could support the flowers better than diploid. And it had larger and darker green leaves than its diploid counterparts. Flowering period and number of flowers per stem of ‘Chungbuk Jaran’ were not significantly different from those of diploid. But the flower natural spread and the petals of ‘Chungbuk Jaran’ were larger and fuller than those of the diploid. Consequently, ‘Chungbuk Jaran’ was horticulturally superior to the diploid form.
Novel approach to automated fingerprint recognition (1998)

The paper describes an enhanced fingerprint recognition system consisting of image preprocessing, feature extraction and matching that runs accurately and effectively on a personal computer platform. The image preprocessing includes histogram equalisation, modification of directional codes, dynamic thresholding and ridgeline thinning which are sufficient to enhance the image to a state ready for feature extraction. Only features extracted are stored in a file for fingerprint matching. The matching algorithm presented is a modification and improvement of the structural approach. Experimental results acquired for matching are accurate, reliable and fast for implementation using a PC and a fingerprint scanner. The proposed fingerprint recognition scheme can provide an efficient way of automated identification and can be extended to numerous other security or administration applications.
Activation of Immune Cells in Bovine Mammary Gland Secretions by Zymosan-Treated Bovine Serum (2008)

Mastitis, caused by bacterial infection of the mammary gland, is a major disease of dairy cattle. The greatest risks of intramammary infection occur at the end of lactation and at the initiation of the next lactation when the cow calves. Treating serum with zymosan (yeast cell wall preparation) causes the complement to cleave, allowing this serum to serve as a source of complement fragment 5a (C5a), a potent chemoattractant and activator of the immune system. Our hypothesis was that intramammary infusion of zymosan-treated serum (ZTS) would recruit polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and generate prolonged activity in lymphocytes within the mammary gland. Ultimately this could help prevent bacterial infections in cows at dry-off and at the initiation of lactation. Two ipsilateral quarters of the mammary gland of each cow were infused with ZTS (12.5 mL/quarter), and 2 contralateral quarters were infused with saline in 8 cows shortly after lactation ended. Mammary secretions were collected periodically throughout the dry period and the first 2 wk of the next lactation. Activation status of lymphocytes and PMN in those secretions was assessed based on the intracellular presence or absence of IFN-gamma and IL-8 as determined by flow cytometry. The ZTS infusion greatly increased PMN numbers in mammary secretions for the first week only. The percentage of IFN-gamma positive lymphocytes and PMN, and the percentage of IL-8 positive PMN, exhibited a sustained increase in secretions from ZTS-treated quarters through the first 2 wk of lactation. The ZTS can stimulate PMN and lymphocyte-mediated immune defense mechanisms in the mammary gland, which may provide a useful means of preventing new intramammary infections during the dry period as well as at the initiation of lactation.
Studies on the Depressed Hemolytic Complement Activity of Synovial Fluid in Adult Rheumatoid Arthritis (1963)

Summary The hemolytic C'activity (= the no. of C'H50 units per ml.) was determined in synovial fluid and in serum from 68 cases with a variety of joint diseases.A method for estimating the synovial C'activity was selected, which allowed a comparison between different cases.A suppressed synovial C'activity was mainly found in cases of R.A. and in cases of S.L.E.According to the degree of suppression of the synovial C'activity the cases could be grouped from a pronounced to a slight degree of suppression in the following order: classical R.A. with subcutaneous nodules — S.L.E. — classical R.A. without nodules — definite R.A.A suppressed C'activity was found in fresh effusions equally often as in longstanding ones.The synovial C'activity varied independently of the rheumatoid factor titers of serum and of synovial fluid.For cases of R.A. and of S.L.E. a negative correlation was observed between the C'activity and the L.D.H. activity in synovial fluid.This investigation was mainly supported by a grant from Alfred österlund's Fn. — I am endebted to Mrs A. Lundquist and Miss A. Afzelius for valuable assistance in the determinations of complement and to Tutor Gerd Persson (Allmänna Sjukhuset, Malmö) for the carefully performed paper-electrophoretic examinations.
A Packetized SPIHT Algorithm with Overcomplete Wavelet Coefficients for Increased Robustness (2006)

This paper presents a wavelet-based image encoding scheme with error resilience and error concealment suitable for transmission over networks prone to packet losses. The scheme involves partitioning the data into independent descriptions of roughly equal lengths, achieved by a combination of packetization and modifications to the wavelet tree structure without additional redundancy. With a weighted-averaging-based interpolation method, our proposed encoding scheme attains an improvement of about 0.5–1.5 dB in PSNR over other similar methods. We also investigate the use of overcomplete wavelet transform coefficients as side information for our encoding scheme to improve the error resilience when severe packet losses occur. Experiments show that we are able to achieve a high coding performance along with a good perceptual quality for the reconstructed image.
A Simple Distributed System (1997)

In this lecture we investigate a distributed, physical system that is simple enough to explore in some detail but complex enough to illustrate some of the main points of the theory. Readers may work through this lecture as a way of getting a feeling for the motivations behind the mathematics that follow or skip ahead to the theory and come back to this example later. Readers who decide to work through this lecture should accept various assertions on faith, because they are justified by the work that follows.
Range Extended for Electric Vehicle Based on Driver Behaviour (2014)

Driver behaviour has been considered one of the main factors that contribute to increase fuel consumption, CO2 emissions, traffic accidents and causalities. Thus, the concept of detecting and classifying driver behaviour i s vital when tackling these challenges. Recognition of the driver behaviour is a difficult task as in the real-world, the driving behaviour is effected by many factors e.g. traffic, road conditions, duration of the journey etc. Many approaches have considered the use of Computational Intelligence techniques, to develop a driver behaviour detection system. In this paper we concentrate on the impact of driver behaviour on the energy consumption and thereby on the range of electric vehicles. A new architecture is proposed to show how computational intelligence techniques could interact with the contextual information collected from the vehicle, the driver and external environment. A neural network model is used to classify the driver behaviour, and then this classification is used in a fuzzy logic controller to make balanced managements to the range extender operation.
Comparison of Different LMP Calculations in Power Market Simulation (2006)

The ongoing de-regulation of the U.S. electric power industry is to build open-access, non-discriminative and competitive electricity markets. In 2002 the federal energy regulatory commission (FERC) proposed Standard Market Design (SMD), in which the key is the locational marginal pricing (LMP) methodology to determine the energy price and to manage the network congestion. LMP has been adopted by or is under implementation at a number of ISO's such as PJM, NYISO, ISO-New England, etc. This paper presents an iterative DC optimal power flow (DCOPF) algorithm to calculate LMP. Iteration is needed in a linearized DC network because the loss factor is dependent on generation dispatch, while generation dispatch is affected by loss factor as well. The results from DCOPF are compared with ACOPF algorithm at different loading levels and transmission line resistances. It is interesting to observe that the LMP results from two models are close for most of the loading levels, but may be significantly different in a few scenarios when the error in the linearized DC model causes the change of marginal units. It is also interesting to observe the increasing trend of the difference between two models when line resistance grows.
Nucleotides from T2r + Bacteriophage (1954)

If desoxyribonucleic acid, obtained by osmotic shock from T2r^+ bacteriophage, and deproteinized, is treated successively with pancreatic desoxyribonuclease and purified venom phosphodiesterase (1), 62 percent of the phosphorus (P) of the nucleic acid can be recovered in the form of mononucleotides. This result is in distinct contrast to that obtained with calf thymus or wheat germ desoxyribonucleic acid, which are degraded quantitatively to&#13;\nmononucleotides by this procedure (1, 2).
Preface (1993)

Over the last 30 years or so, metal matrix composites have emerged as an important class of materials. During this period, a very substantial research effort has been directed towards an improved understanding of their potential and limitations, invoking principles of physical metallurgy, stress analysis and processing science. This book is intended as an introduction to the field, covering various aspects of the structure, behaviour and usage of these materials. It is designed primarily for scientists and technologists, but the content is also suitable for final year degree course students of materials science or engineering and for postgraduate students in these disciplines.
Security assessment by multiple transmission system operators exchanging sensitivity and tie-line power flow information (2009)

This paper considers a procedure for multi-area static security assessment of large interconnected power systems operated by a team of transmission system operators (TSOs). In this procedure, each TSO provides the other TSOs with his own equivalent model as well as the detailed effects of contingencies in his control area on all tie-line flows. The paper deals with the implementation of sensitivity-based equivalents suitable for static security assessment. Accuracy with respect to the unreduced model and computational efficiency are considered in evaluating the proposed approach. The relevance of the procedure in the context of recent UCTE operational security policy recommendations is also stressed. The procedure has been implemented in an AC power flow program and tested on a three-area variant of the IEEE 118-bus test system.
EgJUB1 and EgERF113 transcription factors as potential master regulators of defense response in Elaeis guineensis against the hemibiotrophic Ganoderma boninense (2021)

Our findings demonstrated unprecedented transcriptional reprogramming of specific TFs potentially to enable regulation of a specific set of genes during different infection phases of this hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen. The results propose the intricacy of oil palm defense response in orchestrating EgJUB1 during biotrophic and EgERF113 during the subsequent transition to the necrotrophic phase. Binding of EgJUB1 to SNBE motif instead of NACBS while EgERF113 to GCC-box and DRE/CRT motifs is unconventional and not normally associated with pathogen infection. Identification of these phase-specific oil palm TFs is important in designing strategies to tackle or attenuate the progress of infection.
Penetration of Fosfomycin into Inflammatory Lesions in Patients with Cellulitis or Diabetic Foot Syndrome (2002)

We investigated the distribution of the broad-spectrum antibiotic fosfomycin in infected soft tissue of patients with uncomplicated cellulitis of the lower extremities or diabetic foot infection using in vivo microdialysis. Our findings suggest that fosfomycin exhibits good and similar penetration into the fluid in the interstitial space in inflamed and noninflamed soft tissue in patients.