gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rethinking FUN: Frequency-Domain Utilization Networks (2020)

The search for efficient neural network architectures has gained much focus in recent years, where modern architectures focus not only on accuracy but also on inference time and model size. Here, we present FUN, a family of novel Frequency-domain Utilization Networks. These networks utilize the inherent efficiency of the frequency-domain by working directly in that domain, represented with the Discrete Cosine Transform. Using modern techniques and building blocks such as compound-scaling and inverted-residual layers we generate a set of such networks allowing one to balance between size, latency and accuracy while outperforming competing RGB-based models. Extensive evaluations verifies that our networks present strong alternatives to previous approaches. Moreover, we show that working in frequency domain allows for dynamic compression of the input at inference time without any explicit change to the architecture.
Increased CNS uptake and enhanced antinociception of morphine‐6‐glucuronide in rats after inhibition of P‐glycoprotein (2002)

Morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) is a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which forms an outward transporter at the blood-brain barrier. Inhibition of P-gp may therefore be expected to cause increased CNS uptake of M6G. We directly assessed the spinal concentrations of M6G and its antinociceptive effects in rats following pharmacological inhibition of P-gp. Spinal cord tissue concentrations of M6G were assessed by microdialysis with probes transversally implanted through the dorsal horns of the spinal cord at level L4. Ten rats received M6G intravenously (0.018 mg/kg loading dose plus 0.00115 mg/kg/min for an 8-h infusion), five of them together with PSC833 to inhibit P-gp (32-h infusion, starting 24 h before the addition of M6G). Antinociceptive effects were explored by means of formalin tests. After having obtained evidence for enhanced CNS uptake and antinociception of M6G in the presence of PSC833, additional behavioural experiments were performed in another 32 rats to assess the dose dependency of the antinociceptive effects of M6G either with or without PSC833 in comparison with both PSC833 alone and placebo. Inhibition of P-gp increased the M6G concentrations in the spinal cord approximately three-fold whereas the plasma concentrations were increased only by a factor of 1.4, which resulted in a more than doubled spinal cord/plasma concentration ratio (from 0.08 +/- 0.03 for M6G alone to 0.17 +/- 0.08 for M6G plus PSC833). Antinociceptive effects of M6G were significantly enhanced by inhibition of P-gp. Inhibition of P-gp alters the transport of M6G across the blood-brain barrier, resulting in enhanced spinal cord uptake and enhanced antinociception.
Antimicrobial drug use in a small Indian community hospital (2010)

Antimicrobial drug use and overuse have been a topic of interest for many years, lately focusing on the growing resistance worldwide. This study was conducted in a small Indian hospital, where more than 80% of all admitted patients received antimicrobial drugs. Penicillin, gentamycin, co-trimoxazole, ciprofloxacin and metronidazole were most commonly used and all antimicrobial drugs were given empirically with no confirmation of the infective agent. Reports of increasing resistance to antimicrobial drugs in India, and elsewhere, necessitates a focus on how antimicrobials drugs are used in relation to investigations of resistance patterns among the local strains of pathogens. This study may be considered a base-line study, though of relevance for other hospitals, in particular in low-income areas, where development of resistance to standard antimicrobial drugs may have severe implications for both patients and health managers.
A Study into Postoperative Urine Retention in the Recovery Ward (2007)

ABSTRACT On the basis of hypothesis from our own practice, a study dealing with postoperative urine retention (PUR) in patients in the recovery ward was completed during 2006 in Odense University Hospital. Three hundred and seven patients took part in the study with a view to monitoring the occurrence of PUR and to identify the relationship between risk factors and the development of PUR. Defining PUR as &gt;300 mL in the bladder with the inability to urinate, the study showed that 28.7% of the patients had PUR at arrival to the recovery ward. The study showed a positive correlation between patients with ascending age, rising anaesthesia duration, regional anaesthesia (RA) and developing PUR. PUR occurred in half of the patients with diabetes and approximately half of the patients treated with ephedrine. Furthermore, the type of surgery had significance, as considerably more patients with plastic and orthopaedic surgery developed PUR. On the other hand, the study showed no correlation between subjective symptoms, e.g. like a strong desire to void, and the occurrence of PUR. The results highlight the necessity for greater attention to screening patients for PUR.
Sign convention in trigonometric ray tracing (1984)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Jurgen R. Meyer-Arendt, "Sign convention in trigonometric ray tracing," Appl. Opt. 23, 2671-2672 (1984) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
A 3x9 Gb/s Shared, All-Digital CDR for High-Speed, High-Density I/O (2012)

This paper presents a novel all-digital CDR scheme in 90 nm CMOS. Two independently adjustable clock phases are generated from a delay line calibrated to 2 UI. One clock phase is placed in the middle of the eye to recover the data (“data clock”) and the other is swept across the delay line (“search clock”). As the search clock is swept, its samples are compared against the data samples to generate eye information. This information is used to determine the best phase for data recovery. After placing the search clock at this phase, search and data functions are traded between clocks and eye monitoring repeats. By trading functions, infinite delay range is realized using only a calibrated delay line, instead of a PLL or DLL. Since each clock generates its own alignment information, mismatches in clock distribution can be tolerated. The scheme's generalized sampling and retiming architecture is used in an efficient sharing technique that reduces the number of clocks required, saving power and area in high-density interconnect. The shared CDR is implemented using static CMOS logic in a 90 nm bulk process, occupying 0.15 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . It operates from 6 to 9 Gb/s, and consumes 2.5 mW/Gb/s of power at 6 Gb/s and 3.8 mW/Gb/s at 9 Gb/s.
On the Occurrence of Transient Puffs in a Rotary Kiln Incinerator Simulator II. Contained Liquid Wastes on Sorbent (1987)

Abstract The generation of transient puffs resulting from the batch introduction of liquid waste into a 73 kW (250,000 Btu/h) rotary kiln incinerator simulator was investigated. The liquid was added onto a sorbent, enclosed in cylindrical cardboard containers that were introduced into the combustion chamber one at a time. A statistically designed parametric investigation determined the effects of liquid mass, liquid composition, kiln temperature, and kiln rotation speed on the total magnitude and instantaneous intensity of the pollutant puff leaving the kiln. Liquid "wastes" investigated included toluene, methylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride, and No. 5 fuel oil. Transient puffs from these wastes were monitored using on-line measurements for FID-measurable hydrocarbons, CO, and integrated particulate filter loadings, although the suitability of any one of these indicators depended on the chemical nature of the waste involved. Results demonstrate that puffs formed during transient conditions are generated easily, even with small quantities of wastes and with the kiln operating at 100 percent excess air. High kiln temperatures and increased kiln rotation speeds exacerbated the generation of puffs, due to increased liquid evaporation rates. Transient puffs may contain hazardous products of incomplete combustion (PICs) even though adequate destruction and removal efficiencies are achieved. Mixtures of chlorinated and nonchlorinated principal organic hazardous constituents (POHCs) in the waste can lead to the formation of more diverse chlorinated compounds than are formed from a single chlorinated POHC such as carbon tetrachloride alone. This paper is the second of a series. Its companion paper, Part I, which has been published previously,1 is concerned with solid plastic wastes.
The Effect of Gamma-Ray Transport on Afterheat Calculations for Accident Analysis (2000)

Radioactive afterheat is an important source term for the release of radionuclides in fusion systems under accident conditions. Heat transfer calculations are used to determine time-temperature histories in regions of interest, but the true source term needs to be the “effective afterheat,” which considers the transport of penetrating gamma rays. Without consideration of photon transport, accident temperatures may be overestimated in some regions while being underestimated in others. The importance of this effect is demonstrated for a simple, one-dimensional problem. The significance of this effect depends strongly on the accident scenario being analyzed.
Site-directed Mutagenesis of Cytochromec 6 from Anabaena Species PCC 7119 (1999)

A number of surface residues of cytochrome c(6) from the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7119 have been modified by site-directed mutagenesis. Changes were made in six amino acids, two near the heme group (Val-25 and Lys-29) and four in the positively charged patch (Lys-62, Arg-64, Lys-66, and Asp-72). The reactivity of mutants toward the membrane-anchored complex photosystem I was analyzed by laser flash absorption spectroscopy. The experimental results indicate that cytochrome c(6) possesses two areas involved in the redox interaction with photosystem I: 1) a positively charged patch that may drive its electrostatic attractive movement toward photosystem I to form a transient complex and 2) a hydrophobic region at the edge of the heme pocket that may provide the contact surface for the transfer of electrons to P(700). The isofunctionality of these two areas with those found in plastocyanin (which acts as an alternative electron carrier playing the same role as cytochrome c(6)) are evident.
Spectral properties of signal fading and Doppler spectra distribution in urban mobile communication links: Research Articles (2006)

In this work, we continue the analysis of a probabilistic approach and the corresponding stochastic multi-parametric model of wave propagation, in built-up areas with randomly distributed buildings. We have concentrated on the spectral properties of signal strength spatial variations and on Doppler spread spectrum distribution of signal power. The analysis is based on a unified stochastic approach of radio wave propagation above the built-up terrain with applications to mobile communications. We analyze the signal power spectrum of spatial frequencies and the signal power distribution in the Doppler domain for moving vehicles, taking into account a Doppler shift proportional to the vehicle antenna speed relative to the base station. The comparison between the theoretical prediction and experimental data was motivated by the proposed stochastic model and other existing statistical models to verify the signal power distribution in the Doppler domain for various urban environments and terminal heights with respect to building rooftops. New effects of terrain features on signal spectrum are obtained, examined and compared with existing models. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Radioimmunoassay for Measurement of Human Pancreatic Secretory Trypsin Inhibitor in Different Body Fluids (1978)

A radioimmunoassay for measurement of human pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor in nanogram quantities has been developed. The sensitivity of the assay now permits examination of the inhibitor content of various body fluids, wherein other methods exhibit serious short-comings. In healthy blood donors the serum level was 8.1 microgram/l. In patients with acute pancreatitis levels as high as 320 microgram/l have been measured, and patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography showed an elevated inhibitor level in serum immediately after the examination without any clinical signs of disease, the highest registered value being 128 microgram/l. In peritoneal lavage fluid from patients with severe acute pancreatitis levels of 5-304 microgram/l have been measured. In urine the inhibitor level is about 14 microgram/l in healthy persons. The urine from one patient with proteinuria of glomerulo-tubular type contained 380 microgram/l.
Ammonia decomposition by ruthenium nanoparticles loaded on inorganic electride C12A7:e− (2013)

The use of ammonia as a hydrogen carrier has received much attention due to its high hydrogen content and liquid state under mild conditions, which could lead to fuel cell applications. This study demonstrates facile ammonia decomposition on ruthenium nanoparticles loaded on inorganic electride, C12A7:e−. A high turnover frequency (∼12 s−1 at 400 °C) and low activation energy (64 kJ mol−1) for recombinative N2 desorption were obtained for Ru/C12A7:e−. N2-temperature programmed desorption (N2-TPD) and kinetic analyses indicate that the high catalytic performance is due to the low work function of chemically stable C12A7:e−, which enables electron injection to the antibonding orbital of the Ru–N bond formed transiently through the reaction by raising the Fermi level of Ru metal.
The Dependence of Oxidation Parameters and Dyes’ Molecular Structures on Microstructure of Boron-Doped Diamond in Electrochemical Oxidation Process of Dye Wastewater (2018)

In this study, the microstructure of boron-doped diamond (BDD), such as grain size, grain boundaries, surface boron concentration, film thickness, ratio of sp(3)/sp(2) was manipulated by adjusting the deposition parameters of hot filament chemical vapor deposition. Furthermore, Reactive orange 1 simulated dye wastewater was treated to discuss the degradation relationship between the microstructure of BDD electrodes and oxidation parameters. BDD electrode showed the worst electrocatalytic performance toward simulated dye wastewater, but exhibited the highest sensitivity to degradation parameters. In addition, the degradation processes of 8 kinds of synthetic dyes with different molecular structures were compared and the degradation relationship between the microstructure of BDD and the molecular structure of dyes was investigated. The degradation of refractory dyes were much more dependent on the microstructure of BDD electrodes compared to easily degradable ones, indicating that the optimization of oxidation parameters and the electrode microstructure are more effective to the degradation of refractory organic pollutants.
Estimating Implant Size in Chin Augmentation: A Simplified Approach (2003)

A receding chin, colloquially known as a weak chin, is a significant aesthetic impediment to a pleasing face. Multiple techniques exist to evaluate the poorly projecting chin, but most are imprecise when it comes to choosing the proper implant size. This choice is further complicated by the impracticality of commercially available chin implants. Most implant manufacturers offer only three to four categories of implants (small, medium, large, etc) that differ in size from one company to another, making the choice of the proper implant size a real challenge. The present paper discusses a new approach to precise sizing of the chin implant, based primarily on the degree of chin convexity (curvature of the chin pad) in the profile view. Examples of mentoplasties performed using the chin convexity principle are presented.
Remote Shutdown of Heavy Duty Vehicles (2012)

Today, vehicles are equipped with advanced electronics and complex alarm systems but still vehicle and cargo theft is a huge problem around the world. After struggling with this issue for several decades, the government in Brazil finally had enough and voted that all new vehicles manufactured or imported to the country are required to be equipped with an electronic device enabling tracking and immobilization of the vehicle if stolen. Remote immobilization could be a possible solution to prevent vehicle theft and also give the authorities a way to reclaim valuable cargo from stolen vehicles. Since Scania was already developing a telematic unit with the purpose of tracking vehicles and analyzing vehicle data, this thesis was started to investigate if it was possible to use the unit and the current system for remote immobilization as well. Security of the system would be the key issue since a flaw in security could give unauthorized access to stop vehicles and this would certainly be a disaster. A prototype system was created to test the reliability and performance of the system.
FM-UWB: Towards a Robust, Low-Power Radio for Body Area Networks (2017)

The Frequency Modulated Ultra-Wideband (FM-UWB) is known as a low-power, low-complexity modulation scheme targeting low to moderate data rates in applications such as wireless body area networks. In this paper, a thorough review of all FM-UWB receivers and transmitters reported in literature is presented. The emphasis is on trends in power reduction that exhibit an improvement by a factor 20 over the past eight years, showing the high potential of FM-UWB. The main architectural and circuit techniques that have led to this improvement are highlighted. Seldom explored potential of using higher data rates and more complex modulations is demonstrated as a way to increase energy efficiency of FM-UWB. Multi-user communication over a single Radio Frequency (RF) channel is explored in more depth and multi-channel transmission is proposed as an extension of standard FM-UWB. The two techniques provide means of decreasing network latency, improving performance, and allow the FM-UWB to accommodate the increasing number of sensor nodes in the emerging applications such as High-Density Wireless Sensor Networks.
Holoprosencephaly from conception to adulthood (2018)

Holoprosencephaly (HPE) consists of a spectrum of malformations related to incomplete separation of the prosencephalon. There is a wide clinical variability depending on the HPE subtype seen on imaging. Early postnatal lethality is common, however a significant fraction of newborns diagnosed with HPE will survive into childhood and even adulthood. Here we will review the clinical management of HPE during different ages from the prenatal period to adulthood.
LINE POSITIONS OF $CO^{2}$ IN THE 580 TO $940 CM^{-1}$ REGION AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES (1990)

Author Institution: Stewart Radiance Laboratory, Utah State University; OPI/Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, Hanscom AFB
The fracture of thermosetting epoxy polymers containing silica nanoparticles (2018)

An epoxy resin, cured with an anhydride, has been modified by the addition of silica nanoparticles. The particles were introduced via a sol–gel technique which gave a very well dispersed phase of nanosilica particles, which were about 20 nm in diameter, in the thermosetting epoxy polymer matrix. The glass transition temperature of the epoxy polymer was unchanged by the addition of the nanoparticles, but both the modulus and toughness were increased. The fracture energy increased from 77 J/m 2 for the unmodified epoxy to 212 J/m 2 for the epoxy polymer containing 20 wt.% of nanosilica. The fracture surfaces were inspected using scanning electron and atomic force microscopy, and these microscopy studies showed that the silica nanoparticles (a) initiated localised plastic shear-yield deformation bands in the epoxy polymer matrix and (b) debonded and allowed subsequent plastic void-growth of the epoxy polymer matrix. A theoretical model for these toughening micromechanisms has been proposed to confirm that these micromechanisms were indeed responsible for the increased toughness that was observed due to the presence of the silica nanoparticles in the epoxy polymer.
Mode structure of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser subject to optical feedback (2006)

We present an analysis of the external cavity mode (ECM) structure of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser subject to optical feedback. We consider a model in which two transverse optical modes are excited. Furthermore, we allow weak coupling of the modes via the feedback term. (In addition to the coupling through the inversion.) We use numerical continuation techniques to find and follow solutions of the governing partial, delay differential equations. This approach allows us to show how the ECM structure depends on the key parameters of feedback strength, feedback phase and the amount of coupling via the feedback term
Strategies for Accurate Automated ERT Data Acquisition (2008)

The use of microprocessor‐controlled data‐acquisition systems allows the rapid collection of electrical‐resistivity and induced‐polarization data. Although this provides a method for cost‐effective collection of multidimensional data sets, there can be significant sources of error introduced by these acquisition systems. These errors are systematic in nature and thus may be difficult to identify. Of particular concern are errors resulting from re‐use of the same electrodes for transmitting and receiving and aging of those electrodes over time. In this paper, we consider results from laboratory sand‐tank experiments and field studies at a number of electrical resistivity project sites. The field studies include measurements over an eight year period during the Drift‐Scale Heater Test at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The object of these studies was to understand the ability of the site to perform over a long period of time and to test a number of methods of mitigating both systematic and non‐systematic errors for real‐world applications. A number of different data strategies are being tested including the effects of varying the delay time of measurements using the same electrodes and the impact of using constant‐current versus constantvoltage transmitter sources. The initial results show that the relationships between errors and measurement strategies are not always intuitive. For example, a longer delay between transmitting and receiving on a given electrode pair may not necessarily reduce the errors. In addition, electrodes show long‐term changes in error levels that do not show a consistent pattern or correlation to other factors.
Dosimetry in nuclear medicine therapy: radiobiology application and results. (2011)

The linear quadratic model (LQM) has largely been used to assess the radiobiological damage to tissue by external beam fractionated radiotherapy and more recently has been extended to encompass a general continuous time varying dose rate protocol such as targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT). In this review, we provide the basic aspects of radiobiology, from a theoretical point of view, starting from the "four Rs" of radiobiology and introducing the biologically effective doses, which may be used to quantify the impact of a treatment on both tumors and normal tissues. We also present the main parameters required in the LQM, and illustrate the main models of tumor control probability and normal tissue complication probability and summarize the main dose-effect responses, reported in literature, which demonstrate the tentative link between targeted radiotherapy doses and those used in conventional radiotherapy. A better understanding of the radiobiology and mechanisms of action of TRT could contribute to describe the clinical data and guide the development of future compounds and the designing of prospective clinical trials.