gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FFCCD (2022)

Persistent Memory (PM) is increasingly supplementing or substituting DRAM as main memory. Prior work have focused on reusability and memory leaks of persistent memory but have not addressed a problem amplified by persistence, persistent memory fragmentation, which refers to the continuous worsening of fragmentation of persistent memory throughout its usage. This paper reveals the challenges and proposes the first systematic crash-consistent solution, Fence-Free Crash-consistent Concurrent Defragmentation (FFCCD). FFCCD resues persistent pointer format, root nodes and typed allocation provided by persistent memory programming model to enable concurrent defragmentation on PM. FFCCD introduces architecture support for concurrent defragmentation that enables a fence-free design and fast read barrier, reducing two major overheads of defragmenting persistent memory. The techniques is effective (28--73% fragmentation reduction) and fast (4.1% execution time overhead).
Homogeneous label-free colorimetric strategy for convenient bleomycin detection based on bleomycin enhanced Fe(ii)–H2O2–ABTS reaction (2014)

A homogeneous label-free colorimetric sensing strategy for bleomycin (BLM) assay was developed on the basis of BLM enhanced Fe(II)–H2O2–ABTS reaction. Fe(II) exhibits a catalytic effect on H2O2-mediated oxidation of ABTS by Fenton chemistry. BLM·Fe(II) complex possessed a significantly higher catalytic ability than Fe(II) probably because of the further formation of more active “activated oxo-iron-bleomycin complex”. The present method was convenient without any complicated chemical synthesis, modification, or tedious experimental procedures. Analysis results can be seen with the naked eye and monitored by UV-vis spectra. The peak absorbance exhibits a linear relationship with BLM concentrations from 25 nM to 1 μM, and a detection limit of 16 nM can be achieved. The designed colorimetric strategy may provide a promising alternative for BLM detection in clinical samples.
A microkernel API for fine-grained decomposition (2009)

Microkernel-based operating systems typically require special attention to issues that otherwise arise only in distributed systems. The resulting extra code degrades performance and increases development effort, severely limiting decomposition granularity.
Solution of the single machine total tardiness problem (1999)

The paper deals with the solution of the single machine total tardiness model. It improves and generalizes an important rule to decompose the model into two subproblems. It also provides a O(n2) procedure to implement this rule and its generalization. Those two rules, along with some known results, are incorporated in a branch and bound algorithm that efficiently handles instances with up to 300 jobs and uses the original and maximally increased due dates to solve the original problem. Several properties that justify the modified due date version of our algorithm and produce an easy-to-implement new lower bound are established. The paper also provides an explanation why using the increased due dates may improve the efficiency of certain algorithms. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Perso-Synergistic-Intelligence Research -Constructing the Models of Development from Fetal Movement to Social Cognition Basis- (2012)

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Liquid Crystals (1992)

This is a new and greatly revised edition of Professor Chandrasekhar's classic book Liquid Crystals, first published in 1977. The subject of liquid crystals has grown into an exciting interdisciplinary research field with important practical applications. This book presents a systematic and self-contained treatment of the physics of the different types of thermotropic liquid crystals - the three classical types, nematic, cholesteric and smectic, and the newly discovered discotic type. Included is a description of the structures of these four main types and their polymorphic modifications, their thermodynamical, optical and mechanical properties and their behaviour under external fields. The basic principles underlying the major applications of liquid crystals in display technology and in thermography are also discussed. This book will be of great value to advanced students and researchers in condensed matter physics, chemical physics, materials science and technology with an interest in the physics, chemistry and applications of liquid crystals.
Human Awareness to Interface Errors Improves HCI Performance (2010)

We explore the use of brain activity in scenarios of Human-Computer Interaction. Specifically, we aim at the detection of EEG correlates of error awareness to dynamically adapt a Human activity recognition system. We design a Human Computer Interaction experiment which consists in: - a memory game controlled by a Human Activity Recognition System - an EEG - Error Potential (ErrP) detection System We use EEG signal processing to recognize error related potentials (ErrP) on single trial basis. ErrP are emitted when a human observes an unexpected behaviour in a system: we propose and evaluate performance improvements provided by the ErrP detection system as a "teacher" for the on-line adaptation of a user centered activity recognition system. The gesture recognition system becomes self-aware of its performance, and can self-improve through re-occurring detection of ErrP signals.
Total Syntheses of Eudistomins Y1–Y7 by an Efficient One‐Pot Process of Tandem Benzylic Oxidation and Aromatization of 1‐Benzyl‐3,4‐dihydro‐β‐Carbolines (2013)

Abstract The first total synthesis of eudistomin Y 7 ( 7 ) and total syntheses of eudistomins Y 1 –Y 6 ( 1 – 6 ) are described. An efficient room‐temperature conversion of 1‐benzyl‐3,4‐dihydro‐β‐carbolines ( 11 ) into 1‐benzoyl‐β‐carbolines ( 14 ) by a one‐pot process of tandem benzylic oxidation and aromatization as the key step of these total syntheses was also studied in detail.
Consensus Molecular Subtypes of Colorectal Cancer and their Clinical Implications. (2017)

The colorectal cancer (CRC) Subtyping Consortium has unified six independent molecular classification systems, based on gene expression data, into a single consensus system with four distinct groups, known as the Consensus Molecular Subtypes (CMS); clinical implications are discussed in this review. This article is based on a literature review relevant to the CMS of CRC indexed in PubMed (US National Library of Medicine) as well as the authors' own published data. The CMS were determined and correlated with epigenomic, transcriptomic, microenvironmental, genetic, prognostic and clinical characteristics. The CMS1 subtype is immunogenic and hypermutated. CMS2 tumors are activated by the WNT-β-catenin pathway and have the highest overall survival. CMS3 feature a metabolic cancer phenotype and CMS4 cancers have the worst survival and have a strong stromal gene signature. The Consensus Molecular Subtypes of CRC may better inform clinicians of prognosis, therapeutic response, and potential novel therapeutic strategies.
Effect of incoherent processes on laser-induced continuum structures (1995)

We present an experimental investigation of the effect of incoherent processes on a laser-induced continuum structure. Accurate measurements of the resonance profile, performed in a weak-field regime by the polarization technique, have allowed a quantitative study of the effect of a finite laser bandwidth and of the collisional self-broadening on the line shape.
Information Source-Based Classification of Automatic Phishing Website Detectors (2011)

Phishing attacks allure users to submit their personal information to fake websites that mimic legitimate websites. Many anti-phishing techniques have emerged in recent years. However, the numbers of phishing attacks are still increasing. Two reasons can be blamed for this situation. First, users have too much trust and confidence on existing anti-phishing tools in general. Second, most users believe that they are foolproof against phishing attacks when anti-phishing tools are deployed. We believe that understanding of anti-phishing tools based on their common features can be the beginning step to address these issues. However, there is no extensive analysis of existing anti-phishing techniques. This paper attempts to classify existing works based on information sources. The classification would not only provide useful information to develop new anti-phishing techniques or improve existing techniques, but also enable our understanding on the limitations of the existing techniques.
The Role of Different Daily Irradiations on Shoot Growth and Root/Shoot Ratio in Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) (1991)

The effect of two levels of daily irradiation on shoot growth and root/shoot partitioning was investigated on two lucerne varieties {Medicago saliva L.). Individual plants were studied under constant temperature and optimal water and mineral nutrition conditions.
Credit Concentration Risk in the Indian Banking Industry (2016)

Risk concentration has arguably been the single most important cause of major problems in banks. Banks should be particularly attentive to identifying credit risk concentrations and ensuring that their effects are adequately assessed. There have been many instances where large borrowers have caused sizable losses to many banks and jeopardized the health of many financial institutions. The current study attempts to compare and contrast the levels of concentration risk in the Indian banking industry in terms of concentration of deposits, advances, exposures and NPAs in the period 2010-2014, and to study the relationship between concentration risk and NPAs of the banks in the Indian scenario along with its relationship of concentration levels with age, return on net worth (RONW), capital adequacy ratio (CAR, Cost of Borrowings and Cost of Deposits.
Thermal Behavior of Solid Electrolyte Interphase Films Deposited on Graphite Electrodes with Different States-of-Charge (2015)

The thermal degradation of surface films (solid electrolyte interphase, SEI) and their repairing behaviors are examined on graphite electrodes that have different states-of-charge (SOC). In detail, a fully passivating SEI layer is generated in advance and then stored at 85°C for a prolonged time. The surface films (SEI) are thermally degraded upon high-temperature exposure. The damaged films are repaired by electrolyte decomposition and concomitant film deposition, during which Li+ ions/electrons are supplied from the graphite electrodes, which appears as an increase in the open-circuit voltage (OCV) of the graphite electrodes. The repaired surface films show a comparable passivating ability along with a similar morphology and chemical composition to that of the initial SEI layers. The degradation/repairing continues until the graphite electrodes are fully de-lithiated (OCV = 3.0 V vs. Li/Li+). Once the graphite electrodes are fully de-lithiated, the damaged surface films cannot be repaired because the Li+ ions/electrons are exhausted in the graphite electrodes. Because of the incomplete repairing, the graphite surface becomes poorly covered by surface films, which leads to a loss of passivating ability.
Magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex-theoretical considerations (1991)

The aim of this paper is to present a first approximation model for the computation of the electric fields produced in the brain tissues by magnetic stimulation. Results are given in terms of induced electric field and current density caused by coils of different radii and locations. Nontraditional coil locations and assemblies are also considered (multicoil arrangements). Model simulations show that a good control of the excitation spread can be achieved by proper positioning of the coil. It is also predicted that one of the major drawbacks of the technique, i.e., the poor ability to concentrate the current spread into a small brain area can be partially overcome by more effective coil positioning and/or assembly. Finally, some comparisons are made among the results obtained from electric and magnetic stimulation. This is thought to be of great help in the design of experiments aimed to understand the relative role of the different brain structures responsible for the motor response.
Fabrication and magnetic properties of electrospun zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) nanofibres (2010)

The present paper describes the fabrication of zinc ferrite (ZnFe 2 O 4 ) nanofibres by electrospinning method using a solution that contained polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and Zn and Fe nitrates as alternative metal sources. The as spun and calcined ZnFe 2 O 4 /PVP composite samples were characterised by thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared and SEM respectively. After calcination of the as spun ZnFe 2 O 4 /PVP composite nanofibres (fibre size of 344 ± 76 nm in diameter) at 500, 600 and 700°C in air for 2 h, the nature of nanofibres was changed due to the reorganisation of the ZnFe 2 O 4 structure at high temperature, and ZnFe 2 O 4 nanofibres of 58–75 nm in diameter having well developed spinel structure were successfully obtained. The crystal structure and morphology of the nanofibres were influenced by the calcination temperature. The calcined ZnFe 2 O 4 samples have a structure of packed particles or crystallites with crystallite sizes of 19, 20 and 26 nm for the samples calcined at 500, 600 and 700°C respectively. Room temperature magnetisation results showed a superparamagnetic behaviour of the ZnFe 2 O 4 samples calcined at 500 and 600°C and a paramagnetic behaviour of the ZnFe 2 O 4 samples calcined at 700°C. The specific magnetisation M s values at 10 kOe are 2·34, 2·55 and 1·53 emu g –1 for the samples of ZnFe 2 O 4 /PVP composite nanofibres calcined at 500, 600 and 700°C respectively.
Simple slow-start and a fair congestion avoidance for TCP communications (2008)

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) provides reliable end-to-end communications between any two devices on the Internet. Slow Start mechanism is used when a source machine starts sending data to a destination, or when a TCP connection suffers packet loss and a retransmission timeout has occurred. Congestion Avoidance mechanism is then used to transmit information with sustainable data rate from the sender to destination. In this paper, novel designs of the Slow-Start and Congestion Avoidance mechanisms will be discussed. The Slow Start threshold parameter is removed to create a simple and responsive design. Based on TCP Vegas, a new Congestion Avoidance design with two reduction rates on a connection’s congestion window parameter is introduced. A smoothing average of the round-trip propagation delay is estimated. Simulation results indicate that the proposed designs fairly share network resources among TCP connections, and operate harmoniously with TCP NewReno connections in networks. The designs of both the Slow-Start and Congestion Avoidance processes are simple, and require no modifications to TCP protocol specification.
Enhanced Uplink Resource Allocation in Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Systems (2017)

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is envisioned to be one of the most beneficial technologies for next generation wireless networks due to its enhanced performance compared to other conventional radio access techniques. Although the principle of NOMA allows multiple users to use the same frequency resource, due to decoding complication, information of users in practical systems cannot be decoded successfully if many of them use the same channel. Consequently, assigned spectrum of a system needs to be split into multiple subchannels in order to multiplex that among many users. Uplink resource allocation for such systems is more complicated compared to the downlink ones due to the individual users' power constraints and discrete nature of subchannel assignment. In this paper, we propose an uplink subchannel and power allocation scheme for such systems. Due to the NP-hard and non-convex nature of the problem, the complete solution, that optimizes both subchannel assignment and power allocation jointly, is intractable. Consequently, we solve the problem in two steps. First, based on the assumption that the maximal power level of a user is subdivided equally among its allocated subchannels, we apply many-to-many matching model to solve the subchannel-user mapping problem. Then, in order to enhance the performance of the system further, we apply iterative water-filling and geometric programming two power allocation techniques to allocate power in each allocated subchannel-user slot optimally. Extensive simulation has been conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. The results demonstrate that the proposed scheme always outperforms all existing works in this context under all possible scenarios.
An essential role for endothelial TLR4 in leukocyte recruitment (2007)

Recent work from our laboratory suggested that neutrophil recruitment into the lungs in response to systemic lipopolysaccaride was not due to TLR4 on leukocytes but rather on radiation‐resistant cells (eg. mast cells, endothelium, epithelium or fibroblasts). In this study we made a transgenic mouse that has TLR4 exclusively on endothelium (endo TLR4). These mice had no TLR4 on any leukocyte population but did have LPS responsive endothelium. LPS increased neutrophil recruitment into lungs in wild‐type but not in TLR4 deficient mice. Transgenic (endo TLR4) mice responded almost identically to wild‐type mice in terms of neutrophil recruitment into lungs. Examination of local LPS responses in muscle also revealed that wild‐type and transgenic endo TLR4 mice recruited ample neutrophils whereas TLR4 deficient mice had no responses. Our data suggest a very robust and effective neutrophil recruitment response when endothelium were the only cells expressing TLR4. The data further support the importance of endothelial TLR4 in innate immune responses.
Metacognitive Adaptation to Enhance Lifelong Language Learning (2022)

Lifelong language learning (LLL) aims at learning new tasks and retaining old tasks in the field of NLP. LAMOL is a recent LLL framework following data-free constraints. Previous works have been researched based on LAMOL with additional computing with more time costs or new parameters. However, they still have a gap between multi-task learning (MTL), which is regarded as the upper bound of LLL. In this paper, we propose Metacognitive Adaptation (Metac-Adapt) almost without adding additional time cost and computational resources to make the model generate better pseudo samples and then replay them. Experimental results demonstrate that Metac-Adapt is on par with MTL or better.
β-Actin: A Regulator of NOS-3 (2007)

Beta-actin is traditionally considered a structural protein that organizes and maintains the shape of nonmuscle cells, although data now indicate that beta-actin is also a signaling molecule. beta-actin is directly associated with nitric oxide synthase type 3 (NOS-3) in endothelial cells and platelets, and this interaction increases NOS-3 activity and the affinity of NOS-3 for heat shock protein 90 kD (Hsp90). The beta-actin-induced increase in NOS-3 activity may be caused directly by beta-actin, the binding of Hsp90 to NOS-3, or both. Alterations in the interaction between beta-actin and NOS-3 could be caused by changes either in the availability of beta-actin or in the affinity of NOS-3 for beta-actin, and these alterations probably contribute to vascular complications and platelet aggregation. Studies examining the interactions between NOS-3, beta-actin, and Hsp90 could potentially lead to the discovery of effective peptides for the treatment of diseases associated with impaired NOS-3 activity and nitric oxide release, such as systemic and pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerosis, and thrombotic diseases.
Novel celastrol derivatives inhibit the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma patient-derived xenografts (2014)

The molecular co-chaperone CDC37 is over-expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, where it functions with HSP90 to regulate the activity of protein kinases in multiple oncogenic signaling pathways that contribute towards hepatocarcinogenesis. Disruption of these signaling pathways via inhibition of HSP90/CDC37 interaction is therefore a rational therapeutic approach. We evaluated the anti-tumor effects of celastrol, pristimerin, and two novel derivatives (cel-D2, and cel-D7) on HCC cell lines in vitro and on orthotopic HCC patient-derived xenografts in vivo. All four compounds preferentially inhibited viability of HCC cells in vitro,and significantly inhibited the growth of three orthotopic HCC patient-derived xenografts in vivo; with the novel derivatives cel-D2 and cel-D7 exhibiting lower toxicity. All four compounds also induced cell apoptosis; and promoted degradation and inhibited phosphorylation of protein kinases in the Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. We demonstrated that HSP90/CDC37 antagonists are potentially broad spectrum agents that might be beneficial for treating the heterogeneous subtypes of HCC, either as monotherapy, or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents.
Rat mesangial cells express macrophage migration inhibitory factor in vitro and in vivo. (1998)

Mesangial cells are thought to promote glomerular macrophage accumulation in glomerulonephritis. This may occur through the production of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a molecule known to regulate macrophage accumulation at sites of inflammation. To study this, glomerular MIF expression and macrophage accumulation were examined in rat anti-Thy-1 disease, a model of mesangioproliferative nephritis. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry showed that MIF is expressed by some podocytes in normal rat glomeruli. De novo MIF expression by glomerular endothelium was seen on day 1 of anti-Thy-1 disease. On day 6, glomerular MIF mRNA and protein expression were prominent in segmental proliferative lesions, which was also the location of most infiltrating macrophages. Double-staining identified de novo MIF mRNA and protein expression by proliferating mesangial cells within these lesions. Cytokine regulation of mesangial cell MIF expression was examined in vitro. Northern blotting showed that cultured rat mesangial cells express a single 0.6-kb species of MIF mRNA, and Western blotting detected a single protein band of 12.5 kD. Six-hour stimulation of mesangial cells with interferon-gamma or platelet-derived growth factor significantly increased MIF mRNA levels. However, the addition of recombinant MIF to mesangial cells did not affect mesangial cell proliferation or constitutive transforming growth factor-beta mRNA expression, nor did MIF induce monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 mRNA expression. In conclusion, this is the first study to demonstrate that mesangial cells can produce MIF in vivo and in vitro. It is postulated that mesangial cell MIF production in response to injury acts to promote macrophage accumulation within segmental proliferative lesions in rat anti-Thy-1 nephritis.