gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flow and Form: Imaging biomechanical parameters to study the vascular tree formation within developing chicken embryo (2019)

INTRODUCTION: To be clinically effective, engineered tissues should be mechanically stable with surgical compatibility and have a multiscale hierarchical organization resembling vascular tree. Apart from organization, hemodynamic parameters such as blood flow velocity, patency and vascular permeability are the important parameters which control the vascular structures to pass over remodeling and maturation phase [1]. However, how developing vascular network acquire hierarchical organization, what signals drive the organization, and what parameters are involved behind the scenes, remains poorly understood. Thisstudy reports the application of optical techniques, namely laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI), laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI) and monitoring (LDPM) and side-stream dark field imaging (SDF) [2] to explore and quantify theabovementioned hemodynamic parameters within developing chicken embryo. METHODS: To follow how the vascular networks form around the yolk, fertilized chicken eggs were cracked on day 3 into a PDMS container. The imaging procedure of different techniques is listed below;1. Non-invasive (LSCI and LDPI): The embryo surface is illuminated by a uniform coherent light distribution and imaged viacameras.2. Invasive: (a) LDPM: Optical probe containing a pair of fibers to illuminate coherent light and detect Doppler shifted photonsis mounted on a vessel. (b) SDF: Optical probe including visible light emitting diodes (LEDs) and photodetector is mounted on the capillaries to imagethe dark field. RESULTS: Both qualitative and quantitative assessment of spatiotemporal blood flow perfusion maps and RBCs velocity measurement were performed within macro- and microvascular structures. Results show that relative perfusion levels of individual blood vessels can be imaged with LSCI and LDPI in full-field with millimeter resolution. It can also be locally monitored in time domain using LDPM. Moreover, SDF helps to probe the formation of microcapillaries, and quantitatively measure the blood flow within the capillaries with micrometer resolution. DISCUSSION &amp; CONCLUSIONS: By developing an ex ovo chicken embryo system that is compatible with multiple imaging technologies, we have developed a powerful tool to better understand the processes of vascular organization and maturation. Next steps will focus on the perturbation of the vascular network using mechanical and chemical signals to study how these signals regulate the organization. This will provide crucial information to design mechanically stable organized vascular networks within engineered tissues.Acknowledgements:This work is supported by an ERC Consolidator Grant (724469) and NWO Dutch funding (14538). References:[1] Le Noble F, et al. Development 2004;131(2):361-375[2] Nadort A, et al. Sci Rep 2016;6:25258
Conformal-Invariant Green Functions Without Ultraviolet Divergences (1973)

It is known that conformal invariance, with anomalous dimensions, determines the 2- and 3-point functions in relativistic quantum field theory up to some constants. It is then natural to use these to construct the skeleton-graph expansion of the general $n$-point Green function. We demonstrate that this leads to well-defined conformal-invariant expressions, for non-exceptional external momenta, given by ordinary convergent (Riemann) integrals. This also applies to the integrals in the Schwinger-Dyson equation for the 2- and 3-point functions. These results support in particular conjectures recently advanced by Migdal---including self-consistency of conformal invariance. All results are derived for (pseudo-) scalar Yukawa theory.
Business objects in corporate information systems (1995)

article Free AccessBusiness objects in corporate information systems Author: Jeff Sutherland Easel Corp., Burlington, MA Easel Corp., Burlington, MAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Computing SurveysVolume 27Issue 2June 1995 pp 274–276https://doi.org/10.1145/210376.210394Published:01 June 1995Publication History 47citation983DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations47Total Downloads983Last 12 Months101Last 6 weeks36 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Pharmacosexology: The Effects of Drugs on Sexual Function – A Review (1982)

The literature on the sexual side effects of drugs and chemicals has been reviewed. There are many substances which alter the human sociosexual response cycle either negatively, positively or both. Many of the drugs used therapeutically have been reported to have adverse effects on sexuality, and this must be taken into account when these drugs are used clinically. Many substances which are used for recreational purposes (or sometimes abused) also have profound effects on sexual response. Many of these substances are used in such a way that they can correct underlying sexual problems. Treatment of a drug abuser may well prove unsuccessful without consideration of preexistent sociosexual problems and concerns. From the dawn of recorded history, many substances have been used for the purpose of sexual enhancement. Some of these have known success and their reputations have been passed down through the millenia. The chapter has not yet been closed on aphrodisiacs, even though none have survived the rigors of scientific scrutiny. As long as humans place value on optimal sexual functioning, there will be a demand for sex-enhancing drugs. In order for the scientific and medical community to successfully meet these challenges, more effective and relevant study designs will have to be utilized in order to separate fact from fancy. The study of pharmacosexology is in its infancy, and in order for it to grow and contribute to the world body of knowledge, more researchers and clinicians must be trained in both pharmacology and sexology.
Inhibiting Cracking of Interfacial Cu6Sn5 by Ni Additions to Sn-based Lead-free Solders (2009)

The authors found inhibition of cracking in the interfacial Cu6Sn5 intermetallic when Ni containing Sn–0.7Cu alloy was used for soldering. It is thought that this crack inhibition occurred due to the stabilisation of the high temperature hexagonal Cu6Sn5 phase through the presence of Ni from a Sn–0.7Cu–0.05Ni solder alloy. To explore the mechanisms associated with the differences in joint integrity, in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) at the Australian Synchrotron was conducted in the temperature range of 25 to 200°C. The results show that Ni stabilises a high-temperature allotrope of the Cu6Sn5 phase, avoiding stresses induced by a volumetric change that would otherwise occur on phase transformation.
Molecular basis for structural diversity in the core regions of the lipopolysaccharides of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica (1998)

Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are unique and complex glycolipids that provide characteristic components of the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria. In LPS of the Enterobacteriaceae, the core oligosaccharide links a highly conserved lipid A to the antigenic O-polysaccharide. Structural diversity in the core oligosaccharide is limited by the constraints imposed by its essential role in outer membrane stability and provides a contrast to the hypervariable O-antigen. The genetics of core oligosaccharide biosynthesis in Salmonella and Escherichia coli K-12 have served as prototypes for studies on the LPS and lipo-oligosaccharides from a growing range of bacteria. However, despite the wealth of knowledge, there remains a number of unanswered questions, and direct experimental data are not yet available to define the precise mechanism of action of many gene products. Here we present a comparative analysis of the recently completed sequences of the major core oligosaccharide biosynthesis gene clusters from the five known core types in E. coli and the Ra core type of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and discuss advances in the understanding of the related biosynthetic pathways. Differences in these clusters reflect important structural variations in the outer core oligosaccharides and provide a basis for ascribing functions to the genes in these model clusters, whereas highly conserved regions within these clusters suggest a critical and unalterable function for the inner region of the core.
Investigation of twisted stacked-tape cable conductor (2012)

A cable fabrication method of a twisted stacked tape conductor for HTS YBCO tapes has been developed and tested. A 2 m long, 32–tape conductor of 4 mm width YBCO was fabricated with a 200 mm twist pitch. The measured critical current of the straight cable agreed with the expected values estimated from the self-magnetic field. The 2 m long cable wound on a surface of 0.5 m diameter circle did not show any degradations. It has been confirmed through tests with single tape and cable tests that it is possible to develop a YBCO mutliple-tape stacked cable with a 200 mm twist pitch and to make a coil with an innermost turn of at least 0.5 m diameter. A joint method for multi-tape YBCO cable using BSCCO tapes has been developed and operated at 2.2 kA. AC losses of a twisted stacked YBCO tape cable have also been analyzed. The twisted stacked-tape cabling method for YBCO tapes will be very useful for high-current, high-field magnets for various applications.
Targeting cell division: Small-molecule inhibitors of FtsZ GTPase perturb cytokinetic ring assembly and induce bacterial lethality (2004)

FtsZ, the ancestral homolog of eukaryotic tubulins, is a GTPase that assembles into a cytokinetic ring structure essential for cell division in prokaryotic cells. Similar to tubulin, purified FtsZ polymerizes into dynamic protofilaments in the presence of GTP; polymer assembly is accompanied by GTP hydrolysis. We used a high-throughput protein-based chemical screen to identify small molecules that target assembly-dependent GTPase activity of FtsZ. Here, we report the identification of five structurally diverse compounds, named Zantrins, which inhibit FtsZ GTPase either by destabilizing the FtsZ protofilaments or by inducing filament hyperstability through increased lateral association. These two classes of FtsZ inhibitors are reminiscent of the antitubulin drugs colchicine and Taxol, respectively. We also show that Zantrins perturb FtsZ ring assembly in Escherichia coli cells and cause lethality to a variety of bacteria in broth cultures, indicating that FtsZ antagonists may serve as chemical leads for the development of new broad-spectrum antibacterial agents. Our results illustrate the utility of small-molecule chemical probes to study FtsZ polymerization dynamics and the feasibility of FtsZ as a novel therapeutic target.
Attendre d’avoir un médecin de famille (2007)

![Figure][1] 

> Les medecins de famille assurent la solidite du systeme de sante!
> 
> Peter MacKean, president du CMFC 2002–2003

Un sondage Decima, effectue a la demande du College des medecins de famille du Canada en septembre 2006[1][2], revelait qu'environ 5 millions de
2537 Improvement in thermal shock resistance of structural ceramics by crack-healing (2007)

The effect of self-crack-healing on the thermal shock resistance of structural ceramics was investigated. Mullite containing 15vol.% SiC particles composite which has excellent self-crack-healing ability was used for the present study. The strength for thermal shock at the vicinity of the healed crack was superior to that of the base material. From the effect and the elimination of surface cracks which cause the stress concentration due to the generated thermal stress, crack-healing treatment improved the thermal shock resistance of the mullite/SiC composite. Furthermore, surface cracks introduced by the thermal shock could be healed.
ATG14 and RB1CC1 play essential roles in maintaining muscle homeostasis (2021)

Defects in macroautophagy/autophagy are implicated in the pathogenesis of neuromuscular and heart diseases. To precisely define the roles of autophagy-related genes in skeletal and cardiac muscles, we generated muscle-specific <i>rb1cc1-</i> and <i>atg14-</i>conditional knockout (cKO) mice by using <i>Ckm/Ckmm2-Cre</i> and compared their phenotypes to those of <i>ulk1 ulk2</i>-conditional double-knockout (cDKO) mice. <i>atg14</i>-cKO mice developed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which was associated with abnormal accumulation of autophagic cargoes in the heart and early mortality. Skeletal muscles of both <i>atg14</i>-cKO and <i>rb1cc1</i>-cKO mice showed features of autophagic vacuolar myopathy with ubiquitin<sup>+</sup> SQSTM1<sup>+</sup> deposits, but only those of <i>rb1cc1</i>-cKO mice showed TARDBP/TDP-43<sup>+</sup> pathology and other features of the inclusion body myopathy-like disease we previously described in <i>ulk1 ulk2</i>-cDKO mice. Herein, we highlight tissue-specific differences between skeletal and cardiac muscles in their reliance on core autophagy proteins and unique roles for ULK1-ULK2 and RB1CC1 among these proteins in the development of TARDBP<sup>+</sup> pathology.<b>ABBREVIATIONS</b>:AVM: autophagic vacuolar myopathy; cDKO: conditional double knockout; cKO: conditional knockout; H&E: hematoxylin and eosin; IBM: inclusion body myopathy; mtDNA: mitochondrial DNA; PFA: paraformaldehyde; RNP: ribonucleoprotein; TBST: Tris-buffered saline with 0.2% Triton X-100.
Lead optimization of novel quinolone chalcone compounds by a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study to increase efficacy and metabolic stability (2021)

Abstract Many agents targeting the colchicine binding site in tubulin have been developed as potential anticancer agents. However, none has successfully made it to the clinic, due mainly to dose limiting toxicities and the emergence of multi-drug resistance. Chalcones targeting tubulin have been proposed as a safe and effective alternative. To identify the most effective anticancer chalcone compound, we synthesized 17 quinolone-chalcone derivatives based on our previously published CTR-17 and CTR-20, and then carried out a structure-activity relationship study. We identified two compounds, CTR-21 [((E)-8-Methoxy-3-(3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-enyl) quinolin-2(1H)-one)] and CTR-32 [((E)-3-(3-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-enyl) quinolin-2(1H)-one)] as potential leads, which contain independent moieties that play a significant role in their enhanced activities. At the nM range, CTR-21 and CTR-32 effectively kill a panel of different cancer cells originated from a variety of different tissues including breast and skin. Both compounds also effectively kill multi-drug resistant cancer cells. Most importantly, CTR-21 and CTR-32 show a very high degree of selectivity against cancer cells. In silico , both of them dock near the colchicine-binding site with similar energies. However, only CTR-21 effectively prevents tubulin polymerization, leading to the cell cycle arrest at G2/M and, eventually, cancer cell death by apoptosis. Perhaps not surprisingly, the combination of CTR-21 and ABT-737, a Bcl-2 inhibitor, showed synergistic effect in killing cancer cells, since we previously found the “parental” CTR-20 also exhibited synergism. Taken together, CTR-21 can potentially be a highly effective and relatively safe anti-cancer drug.
A urologic perspective on management of localized and metastatic RCC. (2012)

Drs. Dutcher, Mourad, and Ennis have provided an excellent review of current and potential future treatments of renal cell carcinoma (RCC); we would like to highlight some salient points from a urologic perspective.
A new compact wideband balun (2002)

A wideband balun developed for MMIC (monolithic microwave integrated circuit) applications is discussed. The approach utilizes simple RF reflection and coupling principles to achieve a wideband performance in a simple microstrip configuration. A balun with better than 2 dB of insertion loss, 1 dB and 5 degrees of amplitude and phase balance over 7 to 19 GHz has been realized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Mannequin system for the self-training of nurses in the changing of clothes (2016)

Purpose – For self-training of nursing students, this paper developed a mannequin to simulate and measure the movement of a patient’s arms while nurses changed the patient’s clothes on a bed. In addition, using the mannequin the purpose of this paper is to determine the difference in the handling of a patient’s arms between nursing teachers and students. Design/methodology/approach – The target patient was an old man with complete paralysis. Three-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) shoulder joints and one-DOF elbow joints were applied to the mannequin. The angles of all joints were measured using a potentiometer, and those angles were transmitted to a computer via Bluetooth. Findings – In a preliminary experiment, the two nursing teachers confirmed that the mannequin arms simulated the motion of the arms of a paralyzed patient. In the experiment, two teachers and six students changed the clothes of the mannequin. The average joint angle of the left elbow and the moving frequency of the left elbow, right shoulder adduction/abduction and right shoulder internal/external rotation were lower in the case of teachers dressing the mannequin than when students were dressing it. Originality/value – The proposed system can simulate a completely paralyzed patient that nursing students would normally be almost unable to train with. Additionally, the proposed approach can reveal differences between skilled and non-skilled people in the treatment of a patient’s body.
Circulating and Eddy Current Losses in Coreless Axial Flux PM Machine Stators With PCB Windings (2023)

Printed circuit board (PCB) stators in coreless axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines have been proposed, designed, and studied for use in multiple industries due to their design flexibility and reduction of manufacturing costs, volume, and weight compared to conventional stators. This paper investigates mechanisms and methods of approximating open circuit losses in PCB stators within example wave and spiral winding topologies for a dual rotor, single stator configuration using 3D FEA, analytical hybrid techniques and experiments. The effect of rotor magnet shape, end winding, and active conductor geometry on eddy currents is studied, and some mitigation techniques are proposed. Through stator equivalent circuit analysis, circulating current losses caused by mechanical abnormalities and magnetic circuit asymmetry are assessed. Possible strategies and schemes to minimize circulating current losses are also described. The trade-off between stator loss components and some practical design considerations are outlined in detail. The open circuit power losses of a prototype coreless AFPM motor were experimentally tested using multiple example PCB stators and emulated rotor asymmetries, with the findings being comparable to the FEA and hybrid analytical methods results.
Mecillinam and Fosfomycin Susceptibility in multi-drug-resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Urine Samples. (2019)

Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) is the major cause of over 90% of urinary tract infections (UTIs). UTIs are the major common bacterial contaminations in health facilities and society settings. These infections require immediate medical attention as they cause discomfort to the diseased people. The cure of this disorder is complicated with the arrival of extendedspectrum -lactamase (ESBL)-manufacturing pathogen. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the impact of two ancient antibiotics: Fosfomycin and Mecillinam. The experiment was conducted on diverse multidrug resilient clinical isolates. The challenges associated with the contaminations are compounded by the lack of appropriate chemotherapeutic agents. Several trials were conducted to investigate the vulnerability of clinical isolates like AmpC, + ESBL, TEME, and OXA 48. E.Coli is grown under intracellular and extracellular conditions of two longstanding antibiotics, namely Mecillinam and Fosfomycin. The antibiotics are viewed as disruptive against a range of Gram-negative bacteria. Our outcome demonstrates that these antibiotics show a lethal effect on some bacteria under study. Lastly, this investigation endorses the probable usage of both Mecillinam and Fosfomycin in the cure of these multidrug resistant microorganisms.
Magnetization dynamics in a dual free-layer spin-torque nano-oscillator (2012)

We report micromagnetic simulations of magnetization dynamics in a spin-torque nano-oscillator (STNO) that consists of two in-plane free-layers located between two fixed out-of-plane polarizers. In the optimal regime of the STNO operation, the free-layers precess opposite one another on large-amplitude out-of-plane trajectories and generate large microwave power at the sum of their precession frequencies. Our simulations reveal that the frequency band of the STNO operation can be severely limited by formation of a static magnetic vortex in the free-layers, and that the bandwidth can vanish in commonly used free-layer materials such as Permalloy. We show that the vortex formation can be suppressed and the bandwidth significantly extended by increasing Gilbert damping in the free-layers and minimizing coupling between the free-layers by means of interlayer exchange interaction. We explore the operation of the STNO with and without the inclusion of the spin-torque coupling between the two free-layers. Our simulations demonstrate that an STNO with dual free-layers is a promising candidate for the development of high-power high-frequency STNOs operating in the absence of an external magnetic field.
The phosphatase Shp1 interacts with and dephosphorylates cortactin to inhibit invadopodia function (2021)

The main finding here reported is that cortactin is a specific substrate of the tyrosine phosphatase Shp1 and that its phosphorylation/dephosphorylation affects invadopodia formation and, as a consequence, the ability of melanoma cells to invade the extracellular matrix. Shp1 can thus be considered as a regulator of melanoma cell invasiveness and a potential target for antimetastatic drugs. Video abstract.
Cysteine is a limiting factor for glioma proliferation and survival (2021)

Abstract Nutritional intervention is becoming more prevalent as adjuvant therapy for many cancers in view of the tumor dependence on external sources for some nutrients. We report the dependence of glioma cells on exogenous cysteine/cystine, despite this amino acid being nonessential. 13 C-tracing and the analysis of cystathionine synthase and cystathioninase levels revealed the metabolic landscape attributable to cysteine deprivation, and the disconnection between the methionine cycle and the transsulfuration pathway. Therefore, we explored the nutritional deprivation in a mouse model of glioma. Animals subjected to a cysteine/cystine-free diet survived longer, with concomitant reductions in glutathione and cysteine plasma levels. At the end point, however, tumors displayed the ability to synthesize glutathione, although higher levels of oxidative stress were detected. We observed a compensation from the nutritional intervention revealed as the recovery of cysteine-related metabolites in plasma. Our study highlights a time window where cysteine deprivation can be exploited for additional therapeutic strategies.