gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ASLDP: An Active Semi-supervised Learning method for Disk Failure Prediction (2021)

Disk failure has always been a major problem for data centers, leading to data loss. Current research works used supervised learning to offline training through a large number of labeled samples. However, these offline methods are no longer suitable for disk failure prediction tasks in the current big data environment. Behind this explosive amount of data, most methods do not take into account the label values used in the model training phase may not be easy to obtain, or the obtained label values are not completely accurate. These problems further restrict the development of supervised learning and offline modeling in disk failure prediction. In this paper, ASLDP, a novel disk failure prediction method is proposed, which uses active learning and semi-supervised learning. According to the characteristics of data in the disk life cycle, ASLDP carries out active learning for those clear labeled samples, which selects valuable samples and eliminates redundancy. For those samples that are unclearly labeled or unlabeled, ASLDP combines with semi-supervised learning for pre-labeled, and enhances the generalization ability by active learning. The results on three realistic datasets demonstrate that ASLDP achieves stable failure detection rates of 80-85% with low false alarm rates, compared to current online learning methods. Furthermore, ASLDP can overcome the problems of the sample label missing and data redundancy in the massive data environment, compared to current offline learning methods.
Emerging molecular targets in oncology: clinical potential of MET/hepatocyte growth-factor inhibitors (2014)

The MET/hepatocyte growth-factor (HGF) signaling pathway plays a key role in the processes of embryogenesis, wound healing, and organ regeneration. Aberrant activation of MET/HGF occurs through multiple mechanisms including gene amplification, mutation, protein overexpression, and abnormal gene splicing interrupting autocrine and paracrine regulatory feedback mechanisms. In many cancers including non-small-cell lung cancer, colorectal, gastric, renal, and hepatocellular cancer, dysregulation of MET may lead to a more aggressive cancer phenotype and may be a negative prognostic indicator. Successful therapeutic targeting of the MET/HGF pathway has been achieved using monoclonal antibodies against the MET receptor and its ligand HGF in addition to MET-specific and multitargeted small-molecule tyrosine-kinase inhibitors with several drugs in late-phase clinical trials including onartuzumab, rilotumumab, tivantinib, and cabozantinib. MET frequently interacts with other key oncogenic tyrosine kinases including epidermal growth-factor receptor (EGFR) and HER-3 and these interactions may be responsible for resistance to anti-EGFR therapies. Similarly, resistance to MET inhibition may be mediated through EGFR activation, or alternatively by increasing levels of MET amplification or acquisition of novel "gatekeeper" mutations. In order to optimize development of effective inhibitors of the MET/HGF pathway clinical trials must be enriched for patients with demonstrable MET-pathway dysregulation for which robustly standardized and validated assays are required.
Structural and functional characterization of the promoter regions of the NFKB2 gene (1995)

In order to clarify the transcriptional regulation of the NFKB2 gene (lyt-10, NF-kappa Bp100), we have characterized the structure and function of its promoter regions. Based on the nucleotide sequence of cDNA clones and the 5' flanking genomic region of the NFKB2 gene, RT-PCR analysis in a number of human cell lines demonstrated the presence of two alternative noncoding first exons (1a and 1b). Two distinct promoter regions, P1 and P2, were identified upstream of each exon, containing multiple sites of transcription initiation, as shown by RNase protection analysis. Sequence analysis of these regions showed a CAAT box upstream of exon 1a and high G-C content regions within both P1 and P2. Consensus binding sites for transcription factors, including SP1, AP1 and putative NF-kappa B (kappa B sites), were found upstream of each exon. In particular, six kappa B sites were identified, all but one of them capable of binding NF-kappa B complexes in vitro. Transfection in HeLa cells of plasmids containing P1 and P2 sequences linked to a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene indicated that both P1 and P2 can act independently as promoters. Co-transfection of NF-kappa B effector plasmids (NF-kappa Bp52 and RelA) with a reporter gene linked to P1 and P2 showed that the NFKB2 promoter regions are regulated by NF-kappa B factors. RelA transactivates the NFKB2 promoter in a dose-dependent manner, whereas NF-kappa Bp52 acts as a repressor, indicating that the NFKB2 gene may be under the control of a negative feedback regulatory circuit.
Functional segmentation of dynamic emission tomographic images (2000)

Emission tomography such as positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) can provide in vivo measurements of dynamic physiological and biochemical processes in humans. A limitation of both PET and SPECT is their inability to provide precise anatomic localisation due to relatively poor spatial resolution and high noise levels when compared to magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Manual placement of regions of interest (ROIs) is commonly used in clinical and research settings in analysis of PET and SPECT data. However, this approach is operator dependent and time-consuming. Semi- or fully-automated ROI delineation (or segmentation) methods offer advantages by reducing operator error and subjectivity and thereby improving reproducibility. In this paper, we describe an approach to automatically segment dynamic PET images based on functional difference using cluster analysis, and we validate our approach with a simulated phantom study and assess its performance in segmentation of dynamic lung data. Our results suggest that cluster analysis can be used to automatically segment tissues in dynamic PET and SPECT studies.
Lack of Infectivity of Bovine Leukemia (C-Type) Virus to Rats 2 (1976)

Sprague-Dawley rats were given ip injections of bovine culture and sheep cultures of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) and Gross passage-A leukemia virus [MuLV(G)]. Sera were tested to BLV antigens. BLV did not induce tumors in Sprague-Dawley rats, but the rats were susceptible to MuLV(G) at low doses.
Time-multiplexed light field synthesis via factored Wigner distribution function (2018)

An optimization algorithm for preparing display-ready holographic elements (hogels) to synthesize a light field is outlined, and proof of concept is experimentally demonstrated. This method allows for higher-rank factorization, which can be used for time-multiplexing multiple frames for improved image quality, using phase-only and fully complex modulation with a single spatial light modulator.
Comparison of Clinical Results between Heparin Surface Modified Hydrophilic Acrylic and Hydrophobic Acrylic Intraocular Lens (2008)

There was no statistically significant difference of postoperative visual acuity, refractive error and degree of PCO between HSM hydrophilic acrylic IOL and hydrophobic acrylic IOL.
Chromatographic analysis of chemical compositions of coals and changes in them during technological processing (2016)

ABSTRACTThis review is focused on the use of chromatography in research connected with the characteristics of chemical compounds in organic coal substance, the evaluation of the parameters that determine coal rank along with the progenitors of their basic petrographic components. The authors discussed the opinions, according to which, in comparison to traditional techniques, the chromatographic techniques allow one both to determine the degree of coal maturity and to characterize the basic changes in their organic substance under the influence of various factors, temperature among others, in a more thorough manner. The authors took into account the identification of selected compounds and their role in the processes of both coalification and chemical processing.
From Sense to Print: Towards Automatic 3D Printing from 3D Sensing Devices (2013)

In this paper, we introduce the From Sense to Print system. It is a system where a 3D sensing device connected to the cloud is used to reconstruct an object or a human and generate 3D CAD models which are sent automatically to a 3D printer. In other words, we generate ready-to-print 3D models of objects without manual intervention in the processing pipeline. Our proposed system is validated with an experimental prototype using the Kinect sensor as the 3D sensing device, the KinectFusion algorithm as our reconstruction algorithm and a fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printer. In order for the pipeline to be automatic, we propose a semantic segmentation algorithm applied to the 3D reconstructed object, based on the tracked camera poses obtained from the reconstruction phase. The segmentation algorithm works with both inanimate objects lying on a table/floor or with humans. Furthermore, we automatically scale the model to fit in the maximum volume of the 3D printer at hand. Finally, we present initial results from our experimental prototype and discuss the current limitations.
The Effect of Local Cold Exposure on Pulse Transit Time (2005)

Pulse transit time (PTT) has attracted great interest for developing continuous and noninvasive blood pressure (BP) monitoring devices. This study investigated the effect of finger cold exposure on PTT. 13 healthy and normotensive subjects, including 6 males and 7 females took part in the experiment. Cold exposure was performed by asking subjects to immerse one finger into cold water (9&#177;2&#176;C) for 2 minutes. The photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals were recorded from the cooled and adjacent non-cooled finger simultaneously. PTT was measured between the R-wave of the electrocardiogram (ECG) and a fiducial point in finger PPG pulse for each heartbeat. Three definitions of PTT were investigated and the difference of PTT between two fingers was calculated for each subject. By comparing the difference before and after cold exposure, it was found that local cold exposure had little effect on PTT1, which terminates at the foot of the PPG pulse; however, it affected the PTT3, which terminates at the peak of the PPG pulse. The results suggest that the measurement of PTT which terminates at the foot of the PPG pulse is reliable, while those measurements which terminate at the peak of the PPG pulse or other fiducial points nearby are subject to the effect of local cold exposure and can possibly affect the accuracy of PTT-based applications.
RESPONSE OF FREE HANGING TETHERS (1994)

A method for calculating the response of free hanging tethers exposed to platform motions and current loading is presented. It is based upon the momentum-response method, in which any non- linear loading term, such as quadratic drag and vortex shedding can be included. The analysis operates in the time domain and is used for simulating the behaviour of the tethers of the Snorre tension leg platform during installation. Results of the analysis were compared with corresponding results from scale model tests. Agreement was found both for the general response and for the response to vortex shedding. Applying the method of analysis for full scale predictions it was found that full scale vortex shedding response would be considerably smaller than found from scale model tests. This was supported by observations during the installation of the Snorre platform tethers.
Synthesis and optical characterization of infra-red emitting mercury sulfide (HgS) quantum dots (2011)

A simple synthetic route to ∼4 nm diameter mercury sulfide (HgS) QDs existing in the cubic metastable (β-HgS) crystal phase is first demonstrated. Essential experimental evidence to support atomistic tight binding models of negative band gap HgS quantum dots (QDs) is presented. Optical characterization of the β-HgS QDs shows photoluminescence (PL) peaking at ∼1.1 eV, a band gap of ∼1.21 eV, and a ∼90 meV Stokes shift with the PL originating from two distinct processes. In the absence of any previous comprehensive experimental evidence these observations are discussed in light of various models of HgS electronic properties and found to be in strong agreement with atomistic tight binding theory. These materials offer potential for application as low-energy photodetectors and as excitonic insulators.
Effective diffusion tensor computed by homogenization (2013)

The convergence of the long-time apparent diffusion tensor of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) to the effective diffusion tensor obtained by mathematical homogenization theory was considered for two-compartment geometric models containing non-elongated cells of general shapes. A numerical study was conducted in two and three dimensions to demonstrate this convergence as a function of the diffusion time.
Can we predict the severity of COVID-19 with a routine blood test? (2020)

Severe patients had more neutrophils, higher NLR level, and fewer lymphocytes than non-severe patients with COVID-19. Measurement of these markers might assist clinicians to monitor and predict the severity and prognosis of COVID-19.
The Relationship Between Fracture Treatment Shut-ins, Reservoir Permeability and Production Responses (1998)

Abstract A basic search for geologists and engineers is to understand the flow potential from a reservoir. Though factors, such as reservoir pressure, net pay, reservoir heterogeneities and propped fracture lengths influence the well's productivity after completion, in-situ reservoir permeability dictates the relative magnitude of the production response. As such, in-situ permeability is a key variable for the economics of the well and future development opportunities. A method is presented that evaluates the pressure falloff response of fracture treatment pump-in tests for determining, on a negative basis, the reservoir permeability. A direct correlation is then made between the pump-in derived permeability value and the subsequent production response. Conventional methods for determining reservoir permeability are often limited in the area of reservoir sampled. An alternative method is introduced that uses three-dimensional modeling of the pressure fall off responses to predict reservoir permeability. By using pump-in tests, communication with the formation is improved with a larger sampling of the reservoir area through the fracture face. This results in more of a macro permeability measurement as compared to other sampling methods. A comparative analysis between pump-in derived permeabilities and the associated production response provides a definitive measurement for developing a predictive reservoir permeability correlation. This paper demonstrates the evaluation technique by presenting case studies in the Lewis, Almond, Frontier and Red Fork formations. The case studies show the relationship between the leakoff coefficient value, the pump-in derived reservoir permeability and the post-treatment production response. By relating these variables, a relative indicator of rock quality and flow capacity for a given reservoir can be determined during and immediately following the hydraulic fracture treatment. Given a statistically valid data set, the development of a permeability indicator provides the ability to predict production responses based on the pressure fall off observed while treating the well. Application of this technique may eventually lead to a reservoir/production tool that provides "real-time" go/no-go decision capabilities for geologists and engineers in completing multiple intervals in a well. P. 395
Noncontrast Magnetic Resonance Angiography of the Hand (2011)

: The FSD-based NC-MRA technique is improved in the depiction of multidirectional flow by applying a 2-module FSD preparation, which enhances its potential to serve as an alternative magnetic resonance angiography technique for the assessment of hand vascular abnormalities.
Infrared photodetector development at Fraunhofer IAF (2013)

Fraunhofer IAF can look back on many years of expertise in developing high-performance infrared photodetectors. Since pioneering the InAs/GaSb type-II superlattice detector development, extensive capabilities of epitaxy, process technology, and device characterization of single element detectors and camera arrays for the mid- and longwave infrared (MWIR and LWIR) have been established up to the level of small-scale production. Bispectral MWIR/MWIR and MWIR/LWIR cameras based on type-II superlattices or HgCdTe are key topics at Fraunhofer IAF. Moreover, the development of InGaAs-based short-wave infrared (SWIR) photodetectors for low-light-level applications has recently been initiated. In this contribution, we report on the status of recent photodetector development activities at IAF, covering detector design, epitaxial growth, process technology, and most recent electro-optical characterization results of focal plane arrays as well as single element detectors especially for the SWIR based on InGaAs material system.
Inverse problem of scanning force microscope force measurements (2003)

The Hooke’s Law model, traditionally used to determine forces from the deflection of scanning force microscope (SFM) cantilevers, restricts the bandwidth to well below the cantilever resonant frequency. The limitation imposed on measurements by Hooke’s Law can be overcome by modeling the multimodal and dynamical response of the cantilever (i.e., accounting for the viscous and inertial response) using a beam model. However, when calculating the forces on the cantilever from deflection measurements, this “inverse problem” is ill posed (i.e., it amplifies noise in the measurement, so that simple inversion produces useless solutions). Regularization techniques provide mathematical solutions to this ill-posed problem but introduce nontrivial mechanisms by which inputs to the system are propagated to outputs. In this article, we investigate the propagation of errors in the inverse problem of SFM force measurements. We first develop a noise model and validate it using experimental measurements. This is then applied to simulate a force–distance experiment with a relevant amount of noise. This provides a cantilever deflection signal based on known forces with which to evaluate the accuracy and precision of a force reconstruction algorithm. We show that Tikhonov regularized solutions obtained with an L-curve analysis reconstruct forces with an accuracy of better than 90% on average but with poor precision, yielding a signal-to-noise ratio of ∼2 for a 0.02 N/m cantilever. Ensemble averaging is recommended to improve the precision. This allows both accurate and precise force curves to be reconstructed with a high bandwidth.
Machine Learning-Based Hybrid Random-Fuzzy Modeling Framework For Antenna Design (2020)

A machine learning-based framework is proposed to evaluate the effect of design parameters, affected by both aleatory and epistemic uncertainty, on the performance of antennas. In particular, possibility theory is leveraged to define aleatory and epistemic uncertainty in a common framework. Then, a method combining Bayesian optimization and Polynomial Chaos expansion is applied to accurately and efficiently propagate both uncertainties throughout the system under study. A suitable application example validates the proposed method.
Adenovirus Infections in Adult Recipients of Blood and Marrow Transplants (2001)

Adenoviruses are increasingly recognized pathogens that affect blood and marrow transplant (BMT) recipients. Experiences with 2889 adult BMT recipients were reviewed to study the incidence, clinical spectrum, risk factors for dissemination, response to therapy, and outcome of adenovirus infections. Eight-five patients (3%) were diagnosed by means of culture (n=85) or culture and histopathological examination (n=6). Nine patients had asymptomatic viruria, and 76 had symptomatic infections, which included upper respiratory tract infection (n=20), enteritis (n=18), hemorrhagic cystitis (n=10), pneumonia (n=15), and disseminated disease (n=13). The overall mortality rate was 26%. A higher mortality rate was observed among patients with pneumonia (73%) and disseminated disease (61%). Risk factors for dissemination included receipt of an allogeneic transplant, presence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and receipt of concurrent immunosuppressive therapy. Intravenous ribavirin was not associated with an appreciable benefit among 12 patients who received this treatment. In conclusion, adenovirus infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in adult BMT recipients, particularly allogeneic transplant recipients with GVHD who are receiving immunosuppressive therapy. The need for an effective, nontoxic antiviral therapy is apparent.
Outcomes of Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Patients Receiving Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (2017)

Background: High dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (Auto-HCT) is a standard therapy for many lymphomas and multiple myeloma patients. Early post-transplant complications include pancytopenia requiring transfusions and G-CSF support, mucositis and infectious complications. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) given day 0 prior to hematopoietic/Progenitor stem cell infusion was associated with improved blood count recovery in umbilical cord blood transplant. Consequently, we conducted a pilot trial to study HBO effects on engraftment in Auto-HCT setting. Herein, we review HBO effects on Auto-HCT post-transplant outcomes. Methods: We reviewed charts of patients who underwent HBO prior to Auto-HCT on our pilot study and matched historic controls for post-transplant transfusion requirements, GCSF support, mucositis and infectious complications and day 100 disease outcomes. Results: Nineteen patients completed HBO therapy in the pilot study and were compared to 118 control group of matched historic cohort. Basic patient characteristics are listed in Table 1.Table 1Patient characteristicsPilot cohortHistoric cohortAge63(25-67)59(21-70)Males9(47%)77(65.2%)Multiple Myeloma9(47%)77(65%)Hodgkin's disease8(42%)35(30%)Non Hodgkin2(11%)6(5%) Open table in a new tab Average days of GCSF use were 6.2 days in the HBO cohort compared to 9.16 days in controls (P = .0007). An average number of transfused packed red cell units was 2.1 and 2.58 units (P = .22), while platelet units was 2.5 and 3.2 (P = .17) in the HBO and historic cohorts, respectively. Mucositis incidence was 26.3% in the HBO cohort compared to 59.3% in controls (P = .008). Furthermore, the rate of neutropenic fever was 47% in the HBO cohort vs. 65% in controls (P = .11). However, the rate of admissions was 31.5% in the HBO cohort compared to 23.7% in controls (P = .31). In terms of day +100 responses, complete remission incidence was 57.4% and 53.3% (P = .81), partial remission rate was 15.8% and 29.6% (P = .16), while refractory/relapsed disease rate was 26.3% and14.5% in the HBO and control cohorts, respectively. Conclusion: HBO therapy preceding Auto-HCT is associated with decreased G-CSF use and lower rate of mucositis with no significant impact on disease control in this study. Prospective studies are needed to further determine HBO effects on Auto-HCT post-transplant outcomes (Tables 2).Table 2Post-transplant outcomePilot cohortHistoric cohortDays G-CSF use6.21(4-9)9.16(5-19)Mucositis incidence5(26.3%)70(59.3%)Grade 1014(12.2%)Grade 24(21.1%)44(37%)Grade 31(5.2%)12(10.1%)Grade 400PRBC units2.1(1-7)2.58(1-7)Platelet units2.5(1-12)3.2(1-21)Neutropenic fever9(47%)77(65%)Hospital admissions6(31.5%)48(23.7%)Days hospital stay6.6(2-15)7.68(3-31)Complete remission11(57.8%)63(53.4%)Partial remission3(15.8%)35(29.7%)Refractory/relapsed disease5(26.3%)20(16.9%) Open table in a new tab