gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Roaming und Vermittlung (1999)

Die internationale Standardisierung von GSM hat für den Mobilteilnehmer vor allem den Effekt, sich in seinem Heimatnetz und internationalen GSM-Netzen frei bewegen zu können und — entsprechende Vereinbarungen zwischen den Betreibern vorausgesetzt — Zugang zu den von ihm abonnierten Diensten auch in fremden Netzen zu erhalten. Die für dieses freie Umherschweifen — Roaming — notwendigen Funktionen eines GSM-Netzes werden Roaming- oder auch Mobilitätsfunktionen genannt. Sie basieren im wesentlichen auf den GSM-Datenbanken und den Signalisierungsprozeduren des Mobile Application Part MAP, der GSM-spezifischen Erweiterung des SS#7. Die beim Roaming relevanten MAP-Prozeduren sind vor allem die Aufenthaltsaktualisierung (Location Registration/Update, IMSI attach/detach), die Abfrage von Teilnehmerdaten beim Rufaufbau und das Paging. Zusätzlich enthält der MAP Funktionen und Prozeduren zur Steuerung von Zusatzdiensten und Handover, für Teilnehmermanagement, IMEI-Management, Authentifizierung/Identitätsmanagement und für den Nutzdatentransport der Kurznachrichtendienste. MAP-Instanzen, welche die Roaming-Dienste erbringen, sind im MSC, HLR und im VLR vorhanden. Entsprechend (Bild 3.9) sind die MAP-Schnittstellen B (MSC-VLR), C (MSC-HLR), D (HLR-VLR), E (MSC-MSC) und G (VLR-VLR) definiert. An der Teilnehmer-Schnittstelle korrespondieren die Funktionen des MAP mit denen des Mobility Management MM, d.h. die MM-Nachrichten und Prozeduren der Schnittstelle Um werden im MSC auf die Protokolle des MAP umgesetzt.
Analyzing Performance Improvements and Energy Savings in Infiniband Architecture using Network Compression (2014)

One of the greatest challenges in HPC is total system power and energy consumption. Whereas HPC interconnects have traditionally been designed with a focus on bandwidth and latency, there is an increasing interest in minimising the interconnect's energy consumption. This paper complements ongoing efforts related to power reduction and energy proportionality, by investigating the potential benefits from MPI data compression. We apply lossy compression to two common communication patterns in HPC kernels, in conjunction with recently introduced InfiniBand (IB) power saving modes. The results for the Alya CG kernel and Gromacs PME solver kernels show improvements in both performance and energy. While performance improvements are strongly influenced and changable depending on the type of communication pattern, energy savings in IB links are more consistent and proportional to achievable compression rates. We estimated an upper bound for link energy savings of up to 71% for the ALYA CG kernel, while for the Gromacs PME solver we obtained savings up to 63% compared to nominal energy when compression rate of 50% is used. We conclude that lossy compression is not always useful for performance improvements, but that it does reduce average IB link energy consumption.
The Fatty Degeneration of the Lumbar Erector Spinae Muscles Affects Dynamic Spinal Compensation Ability During Gait in Adult Spinal Deformity (2021)

Abstract This study aimed to investigate whether fat infiltration in lumbar back muscles assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could be related to dynamic sagittal spino-pelvic balance during gait in adult spinal deformity (ASD). This is a retrospective analysis of 28 patients with ASD. The fat infiltration rate of lumbar erector spinae muscles and multifidus muscles was measured by T2 weighted axial MRI at L1-2 and L4-5. Dynamic sagittal spinal and pelvic angles during gait were evaluated using 3D motion analysis. The correlation between fat infiltration rate of those muscles with variations in dynamic kinematic variables while walking and static radiological parameters was analyzed. Spinal kyphosis and pelvic anteversion significantly increased during gait. Fat infiltration rate of erector spinae muscles at L1-2 was positively correlated with thoracic kyphosis (r=0.392, p=0.039) and pelvic tilt (r=0.415, p=0.028). Increase of spinal kyphosis during walking was positively correlated with fat infiltration rate of erector spinae muscles both at L1-2 (r=0.394, p=0.038) and L4-5 (r=0.428, p=0.023). Qualitative evaluation of lumbar erector spinae muscles assessed by fat infiltration rate has the potential to reflect dynamic spino-pelvic balance during gait.
Effects of Polyvinyl Chloride Addition on Swelling Resistance of Nitril Rubber (2014)

A research aim to improving the swelling resistance of Nitril rubber NBR by insertion a various amounts of Polyvinyl chloride PVC,(30% ,50% and 70% ) respectively, at curing condition (temperature 170 oC, pressure 90 bar during 20 min) that leads to create a new polymer morphology of polymer blend. Swelling resistance in the oil and distilled water exponentially improved with increasing PVC content in blend, weather resistance and thermal stability of NBR is also developed with PVC addition due to PVC have higher glass transition temperature which 87 oC than NBR which is -15 oC.
Preorganizing Linear (Self-Complementary) Quadruple Hydrogen-Bonding Arrays Using Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding as the Sole Force (2005)

[structures: see text] In this article we describe a rational approach for prefixing multiple cooperative binding sites in an ideal spatial arrangement on a structurally rigid backbone, constrained exclusively by intramolecular hydrogen bonding. The idea is exemplified by the ability of the self-assembling constructs 1a-e and 2a,b to form hydrogen-bonded dimers, whose structural preorganization has been solely effected by intramolecular hydrogen bonding. The readily accessible amidinourea backbone has been used as a common platform for the construction of a variety of such self-assembling systems. ESI mass spectrometry and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies have been particularly effective in investigating the self-assembling propensities of these systems. Remarkably, most the H-bonded dimers reported herein undergo an unusual mode of self-assembly, using intermolecular four-membered ring hydrogen-bonded interaction, affording extended supramolecular networks.
Knowledge Aided Consistency for Weakly Supervised Phrase Grounding (2018)

Given a natural language query, a phrase grounding system aims to localize mentioned objects in an image. In weakly supevised scenario, mapping between image regions (i.e., proposals) and language is not available in the training set. Previous methods address this deficiency by training a grounding system via learning to reconstruct language information contained in input queries from predicted proposals. However, the optimization is solely guided by the reconstruction loss from the language modality, and ignores rich visual information contained in proposals and useful cues from external knowledge. In this paper, we explore the consistency contained in both visual and language modalities, and leverage complementary external knowledge to facilitate weakly supervised grounding. We propose a novel Knowledge Aided Consistency Network (KAC Net) which is optimized by reconstructing input query and proposal's information. To leverage complementary knowledge contained in the visual features, we introduce a Knowledge Based Pooling (KBP) gate to focus on query-related proposals. Experiments show that KAC Net provides a significant improvement on two popular datasets.
Characterization of Genetic Defects of Hemophilia B of Chinese Origin (1991)

To define the precise genetic defects of hemophilia B of Chinese origin, we have used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with direct sequencing to analyze the amplified DNA fragments containing the entire coding regions and their flanking introns of the factor IX gene from 6 affected individuals. Among these patients, two are siblings with normal factor IX antigen level (CRM+) yet reduced factor IX clotting activity (28%). Analysis of their factor IX genes revealed a G to A transition at nucleotide residue 10394, which causes substitution of an arginine for a glycine at amino acid residue 48. This is a novel mutation which resides in the first EGF-like domain of factor IX. Studies of two other hemophilia B patients with CRMr phenotypes (factor IX antigen level less than 35%, and clotting activity less than 1%), demonstrated a distinct mutation in each individual's factor IX gene. In one case, a guanine to adenine (residue 6365) transition results in replacement of arginine by glutamine at the -4 codon of the propeptide of factor IX. In the other, thymine at 6442 was mutated to cytosine which causes an arginine for cysteine substitution at residue 23. We have also characterized 2 discrete CRM- patients. Both exhibited an identical mutation at nucleotide residue 6460 which generates a translation termination codon (CGA to TGA) at the 29th amino acid. The mutation created a new NlaIII restriction enzyme site which could be used to identify this variant.
Pinaceae Fir Resins as Natural Dielectrics for Low Voltage Operating, Hysteresis‐Free Organic Field Effect Transistors (Adv. Sustainable Syst. 10/2022) (2022)

Natural Dielectric Materials In article 2200234, Mihai Irimia-Vladu and co-workers demonstrate that the naturally occurring Pinaceae fir resins nuggets, originating from the trees growing in Europe and North America, as excellent dielectric materials for devices fabrication in the frame of sustainable electronics development, given their outstanding film forming abilities, high breakdown field, and low interface trap density.
Passively Q-switched Yb^3+:NaY(WO_4)_2 laser with GaAs saturable absorber (2010)

Passively Q-switched Yb(3+):NaY(WO(4))(2) lasers have been demonstrated using a GaAs saturable absorber. Under continuous wave pump mode, significant pulse shortening effects have been observed at high pump powers. At a pump power of 12 W, stable Q-switched output has been obtained with a pulse duration of 5 ns, pulse repetition rate of 83 kHz and a pulse to pulse timing jitter of less than 2%. With pulsed pump mode, much longer pulse duration and reduced pulse stability have been observed. It is proposed that the heating of GaAs may play an important role in the Q-switched operations under CW pump conditions.
Subcarrier Index Modulation for Spectral Efficient Frequency Division Multiplexing in Multi-Input Multi-Output Channels (2022)

This work presents spectral efficient frequency division multiplexing with subcarrier index modulation (SEFDM-SIM) for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) wireless networks. SEFDM employs non-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing to enhance the spectral efficiency (SE) at the expense of enhanced inter-carrier interference compared with traditional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). In SEFDM-SIM, the information is conveyed not only by <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$</tex-math></inline-formula> -ary signal constellations, as in SEFDM, but also by the indices of the subcarriers, which are activated according to the incoming bitstream. SE and bit error rate (BER) are used as the performance measures. Both the analytic and simulation results show that the proposed MIMO-SEFDM-SIM outperforms the conventional MIMO-OFDM and MIMO-OFDM-SIM in SE, while achieving an improved BER than the MIMO-OFDM and MIMO-SEFDM systems.
ChemInform Abstract: PALLADIUM(0)‐CATALYZED (3 + 2) CYCLOADDITIONS OF DIPHENYLMETHYLENECYCLOPROPANES WITH ALKENES (1982)

Abstract Die Methylencyclopropane (I) oder (II) reagieren mit den Olefinen (III) in Gegenwart von Phosphinen und Pd(0)‐Katalysatoren zu den Diphenylmethylen‐cyclopentanen (IV).
Regional Right Ventricular Strain Pattern in Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism (2012)

Regional RV longitudinal strain is altered in the free wall and mid and basal septum in subjects with acute PE. Strain rates are only reduced in the RV free wall.
Nonautomatic Focal Atrial Tachycardia:x (2003)

Nonautomatic focal atrial tachycardia (NAFAT) is a rare and poorly understood arrhythmia either due to microreentry or triggered mechanism. NAFAT was defined as a focal atrial tachycardia which was inducible with pacing maneuvers in the electrophysiology lab. We reviewed the charts and EP study reports of all 38 patients with NAFAT, who underwent an EP study at our center between April 1994 and September 2000. Patients' were predominantly female (n = 31, 82%), aged 11-78 years (median 46). The mean age at presentation was 31 years (range 7-71 years). None of the patients had structural heart disease or had undergone prior heart surgery. Electroanatomic mapping (EAM) was performed in 22 patients and showed no scars in the atrium. A total of 45 foci were identified (range 1-3 foci/patient). Anatomically NAFAT foci were predominantly right atrial (n = 35) rather than left (n = 10). The NAFAT cycle length ranged from 270 to 490 (mean +/- SD; 380 +/- 69 ms) and was significantly lower in patients younger than 24 years of age. Ablation, attempted for 42 foci was successful in 33 (79%). The success rate in the EAM group was 20/25 foci (80%) compared to 13/18 (72%) in the non-EAM group. In conclusion, NAFAT is a rare arrhythmia which predominantly affects women with no other associated cardiac disease. It mainly occurs in the right atrium, affects all ages and is amenable to catheter ablation.
Synthesis of joint detection andjoint transmission in CDMA downlinks (2001)

A non-obvious synthesis of two originally opposed concepts, joint detection and joint transmission, is presented for the duplexing scheme TDD. The proposal depends on minimising the energy of the transmitted signal while simultaneously maintaining the conventional JD receiver structure and the quality of the detected data.
Interfering and updating cognitive representations used in judgments of absolute time-to-contact in a prediction-motion task (1997)

Participants made judgments about time-to-contact (TTC) with a predictionmotion (PM) task while performing Cooper and Shepard's(1973) cued and non-cued mental rotation task. Using a dual task paradigm, participants mentally rotated an alphanumeric character either before or during the time the object disappeared in the PM task. I assumed that mental rotation occurred either before or during the time imagery was used in PM tasks. Although there were no effects of interference on the PM task, response times to mentally rotate the character increased as a function of character orientation (peaking at 180 degrees) in the non-cued mental rotation condition but not in the cued condition. This finding indirectly supports the notion of a bottleneck process whereby participants are able to store the characteristics of the rotated character and postpone mental rotation until completion of the PM task; thus increasing response time to identify the rotated character.\n\nMoreover, underestimation errors observed in prior studies of PM tasks were not present at large TTC values (6 s) when either the distance or integrated distance and velocity of the object was updated following the disappearance of the object in a PM task. Results suggest that PM tasks involve imagery processes rather than or in addition to optical TTC information and that observer's may internalize the object's visible motion using a memory representation of the object's motion after it disappears. \n\nIn summary, the results suggest that imagery processes are involved in judgments of TTC in PM tasks. Further, imagery processes appear to either decay or become inefficient at large values of actual TTC. Distance and integrated distance and velocity cues are potentially useful in updating observer's internal representations in such situations. Therefore, it is important to determine the relative contributions of optical TTC and cognitive operations that underlie TTC judgments in PM tasks. This research has applications to occupations that demand the ability to make spatial judgments involving moving objects. For example, the recent docking collision of the Russian spaceship Progress with the Spektr module of Mir was potentially a result of human error in accurately judging virtual contact. In this manual docking maneuver, the commander must rely on multiple sources of information, some of which may overburden limited processing resources. Automation of certain aspects of the manual docking procedure could serve to reduce cognitive processing load and potentially reduce the probability of human error.
Ultrasound‐Guided Transcutaneous Needle Biopsy of the Base of the Tongue and Floor of the Mouth From a Submental Approach (2016)

Limited data exist regarding the feasibility of ultrasound-guided transcutaneous biopsy of the base of the tongue and floor of the mouth. This retrospective study reviewed 8 cases with lesions in the base of the tongue or floor of the mouth that were biopsied by fine-needle aspiration. Core biopsy was also needed in 1 case. All biopsies were technically successful, and all yielded squamous cell carcinoma. One biopsy yielded a false-positive result, as subsequent resection yielded high-grade dysplasia with no invasion. The other biopsy results were considered true-positive based on subsequent pathologic examinations (2 cases) or clinical/imaging follow-up (5 cases). There were no significant complications associated with the biopsies.
Einfluß der Struktur der isomeren Exo‐ und Endo‐Addukte von 2‐Naphthol an Maleinsäureanhydrid auf den Verlauf der Polyestersynthese und auf die Eigenschaften der gewonnenen ungesättigten Polyester (1981)

Abstract Es wurde gezeigt, daß die Eigenschaften der aus den neuen isomeren Anhydriden – den Exo‐ und Endo‐Addukten von 2‐Naphthol und Maleinsäureanhydrid – gewonnenen linearen und vernetzten Polyester von der geometrischen Struktur des Anhydrids abhängig sind. Reaktivitätsunterschiede der Exo‐ und Endo‐Addukte wurden bei der Polyveresterung mit Ethylen‐ und 1,2‐Propylenglykol beobachtet. Eine einfache Methode zur Bestimmung der beiden Isomere mit Hilfe der magnetischen Protonenresonanz wird beschrieben.
Imaging magmatic rocks on the Faroes Margin (2005)

Break-up of the North Atlantic in the Paleocene was accompanied by widespread magmatism, which provides a challenge both to imaging basin structure and to modelling the subsidence and development of the continental margins. The rationale for new methods of seismic acquisition and modelling are reported here, followed by an illustration of the techniques with data from the Faroes region, which lay close to the hottest part of the mantle plume at the time of continental break-up. Igneous rocks were added to the crust during continental break-up on rifted margins as extrusive lavas, as sills intruded into the subsurface, and as lower crustal intrusions or underplate. Each provide different, but tractable problems to seismic imaging. It is shown that many of these difficulties can be surmounted by using very long offsets (long streamers or two-ship methods) with a broad-band, low-frequency source, and by using dense arrays of ocean bottom seismometers to provide complementary P- and S-wave velocity control. These methods are illustrated using new results from the integrated Seismic Imaging and Modelling of Margins (iSIMM) project, which acquired regional data across the Faroes shelf and margin in summer 2002. The iSIMM profile used 85 four-component ocean bottom seismometers and a 104 litre (6340 in 3 ) airgun array for wide-angle data, with vertical arrays for far-field source signature recording. The wide-angle profiles were overshot using three single-sensor, Q-Marine streamers, one 12 km long, the other two 4 km long. A 48-gun, 167 litre (10 170 in 3 ) deep-towed, broad-band airgun array was used with the Q-marine streamers. The airgun arrays were designed and tuned to enhance the bubble pulses, with peak frequencies at 8–11 Hz. They performed well, with excellent arrivals visible to ranges beyond 120 km on the OBS, and penetration through the basalts and well into the upper mantle. Examples are shown of the new seismic data, which enable imaging of the basalt flows and underlying sediments, as well as lower-crustal igneous intrusions. This allows good constraints to be placed on the igneous distribution and volumes on the rifted margin and adjacent continental shelf.
Cloning, Overexpression, Purification, and Characterization of the Carboxyl-terminal Nucleotide Binding Domain of P-glycoprotein (1995)

Multidrug-resistant tumor cells overexpress P-glycoprotein (170 kDa), a member of the ABC (ATP Binding Cassette)-transporter superfamily. P-glycoprotein has been implicated in transport of a broad range of amphiphilic, hydrophobic drugs from tumor cells. The sequence and structural organization of P-glycoprotein, which consists of 12 transmembrane helices and two cytoplasmic nucleotide binding domains, is similar to other ABC-transporters. It is believed that the nucleotide binding domains of various ABC transporters, which have 30-50% sequence identity, play an important role in coupling ATP hydrolysis to the transport process. To allow structure-function studies of the nucleotide binding domains, the carboxyl-terminal nucleotide binding domain (NBD) of Chinese hamster P-glycoprotein has been cloned, overexpressed, and purified both by itself and as a fusion with maltose-binding protein. It has been demonstrated that the carboxyl-terminal NBD, when overexpressed in Escherichia coli in the absence of transmembrane helices, has very low ATPase activity. This suggests that the amino-terminal nucleotide binding domain and possibly interaction with the transmembrane domains may be required for full ATPase activity. It is also consistent with the idea that the ATPase activity of P-glycoprotein is stimulated in the presence of drugs. Circular dichroism spectral analysis and the ability of carboxyl-terminal NBD, both by itself and as a fusion with maltose-binding protein, to bind ATP-agarose beads and P-glycoprotein specific monoclonal antibodies suggests that the polypeptide folds into a functional domain. Gel filtration chromatography and cross-linking studies indicate that the carboxyl-terminal NBD has a tendency to self-associate to form oligomers. It is speculated that the carboxyl-terminal NBD may play a role in self-association of P-glycoprotein molecules in the plasma membrane.
<title>Charge transfer complex influence on spectral, photoconductive, and nonlinear optical properties of π-conjugated systems doped with fullerenes</title> (2004)

C<sub>60</sub> and C<sub>70</sub>-doped organic thin films (polyimide, 2-cyclooctylamino-5-nitropyridine, <i>N</i>-(4-nitrophenyl)-(<i>L</i>)-prolinol, Mg-phthalocyanine nanoparticles) and the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal compounds based on them have been studied under a laser irradiation at wavelengths of 532, 805, 1047, and 1315 nm. Mechanisms of the optical limiting effect in the fullerene-doped pi-conjugated organic systems have been discussed. Besides the reverse saturable absorption, an additional absorption due to complex formation has been established to be responsible for the phenomena mentioned above. It has been noticed that fullerene-doped organic structures can be used to attenuate the laser power in the visible and near infrared spectral ranges.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Detection of Brain Tumor Cells in the Peripheral Blood by a Telomerase Promoter-Based Assay (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 68KB, Supplementary Figure 3. Verification of the specificity of Anti-EGFR antibody.&lt;/p&gt;