gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of a sheath for sensor protection in molten steel applications. Final report (1985)

Studies were performed to select appropriate candidate materials for development of thermal sensor protective sheaths for liquid steel processing systems. Samples of refractory ceramics were tested in laboratory scale melts and the best ceramic, boron nitride (BN), was tested at industrial scale in a continuous casting tundish. Industrial tests were performed on a prototype sensor sheath system at 1565 +- 40/sup 0/C (2850 +- 70/sup 0/F), for six tests of approximately five hours each, beginning with cold immersion. The sensor sheath system performed as a temperature monitor and demonstrated a high survivability rate due to the chemical inertness, low wetability, high thermal conductivity, and low thermal expansion of the boron nitride. Materials studies included development of representative laboratory test environments, evaluation of failure mechanisms of materials, measurement of erosion/corrosion and wetting/penetration, and compatibility of materials and sensor systems. Analyses included optical microscopy, x-ray diffraction of reaction interface materials, and electron probe detection of the penetration of iron.
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors (FGFRs) Localize in Different Cellular Compartments (1995)

We have raised specific antibodies to the second immunoglobulin-like domain of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) and used these to investigate the expression and subcellular localization of FGFR-1, -2, -3, and -4 in breast epithelial cells. All four receptors classes could be detected in breast cell lines; however, FGFR-4 and FGFR-2 appeared to be expressed at a higher level in breast cancer cell lines than in normal epithelial cells. Surprisingly, FGFR-3 localized in the cell nucleus by immunofluorescence. A second antibody to a separate epitope confirmed this finding and showed that the form of FGFR-3 present must contain an intact kinase domain as well as the growth factor binding domain. Western analysis of fractionated cells revealed the presence of two forms of FGFR-3 of 135 and 110 kDa. The 110-kDa form was predominantly found in the nucleus, whereas the 135 kDa form was sometimes found in the nucleus. RT-PCR analysis of FGFR-3 mRNA showed the presence of a splice variant in which exons 7 and 8 are deleted. This results in the translation of FGFR-3 missing the transmembrane domain but with an intact kinase domain, which could be a soluble, intracellular receptor. Transfection experiments showed that FGFR-3 containing this deletion and no signal peptide gave an identical nuclear staining pattern to that seen in breast epithelial cells. We conclude that two forms of FGFR-3 are present in breast epithelial cells; a full-length 135-kDa receptor, which has a conventional membrane localization, and a novel soluble form of 110 kDa.
EyeWindows (2005)

In this paper, we present an attentive windowing technique that uses eye tracking, rather than manual pointing, for focus window selection. We evaluated the performance of 4 focus selection techniques: eye tracking with key activation, eye tracking with automatic activation, mouse and hotkeys in a typing task with many open windows. We also evaluated a zooming windowing technique designed specifically for eye-based control, comparing its performance to that of a stan-dard tiled windowing environment. Results indicated that eye tracking with automatic activation was, on average, about twice as fast as mouse and hotkeys. Eye tracking with key activation was about 72% faster than manual conditions, and preferred by most participants. We believe eye input performed well because it allows manual input to be provided in parallel to focus selection tasks. Results also suggested that zooming windows outperform static tiled windows by about 30%. Furthermore, this performance gain scaled with the number of windows used. We conclude that eye-controlled zooming windows with key activation pro-vides an efficient and effective alternative to current focus window selection techniques.
Design of a Two DOF Laminate Leg Transmission for Creating Walking Robot Platforms (2019)

Abstract In this article we present a low-cost, two degree-of-freedom laminate robot transmission for legged locomotion applications. This transmission is specifically applied in the design of a quadrupedal robot, and has the potential to be used in other multi-legged systems. It offers a complex control space with a variety of different programmable gait trajectories, while leveraging low-cost linkages made using laminate approaches. The two-degree-of-freedom kinematics of the leg are subsequently modeled in Python, and the workspace of the robot is then experimentally verified on an initial quadrupedal design. Critical design considerations include the laminate design, the rigidity of the materials that make up the laminate, and the range of motion the device can undergo.
Ni- or Cu-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reaction of Alkyl Fluorides with Grignard Reagents (2003)

n-Octyl fluoride underwent a cross-coupling reaction with n-propylmagnesium bromide in the presence of 1,3-butadiene using NiCl2 as a catalyst at room temperature to give undecane in moderate yields. This alkyl-alkyl cross-coupling proceeded more efficiently when CuCl2 was employed instead of NiCl2. Addition of 1,3-butadiene dramatically improved the yields of the coupling products from primary alkyl Grignard reagents in both Ni- and Cu-catalyzed reactions. Alkyl fluorides efficiently reacted with tertiary alkyl and phenyl Grignard reagents using CuCl2 in the absence of 1,3-butadiene to afford the coupling products in high yields. The competitive reaction of a mixture of alkyl halides (R-X; X = F, Cl, Br) with nC5H11MgBr showed that the reactivities of the halides increase in the order R-Cl < R-F < R-Br. In contrast, in the Cu-catalyzed reaction with PhMgBr, the reactivities increase in the order R-Cl < R-Br < R-F.
Induction of a New Metallothionein Isoform (MT-IV) Occurs during Differentiation of Stratified Squamous Epithelia (1994)

A new member of the metallothionein (MT) gene family was discovered that lies about 20 kb 5' of the MT-III gene in both mouse and human. The MT-IV proteins are highly conserved in both species and have a glutamate insertion at position 5 relative to the classical MT-I and MT-II proteins. Murine MT-IV mRNA appears to be expressed exclusively in stratified squamous epithelia associated with oral epithelia, esophagus, upper stomach, tail, footpads, and neonatal skin. The MT derived from tongue epithelium contains both zinc and copper. Many of these epithelia develop parakeratosis during zinc deficiency in the rat. In situ hybridization reveals intense labeling of MT-IV mRNA in the differentiating spinous layer of cornified epithelia, whereas MT-I is expressed predominantly in the basal, proliferative layer; thus, there is a switch in MT isoform synthesis during differentiation of these epithelia. We suggest that MT-IV plays a special role in regulating zinc metabolism during the differentiation of stratified epithelia.
ARAIG and Minecraft: A Modified Simulation Tool (2022)

Various interruptions to the daily lives of researchers have necessitated the usage of simulations in projects which may not have initially relied on anything other than physical inquiry and experiments. The programs and algorithms introduced in this paper, which is an extended version of research initially published in ARAIG And Minecraft: A COVID-19 Workaround, create an optimized search space and egress path to the initial starting point of a user's route using a modification ("mod") of the digital game Minecraft. We initially utilize two approaches for creating a search space with which to find edges in the resulting graph of the user's movement: a naive approach with the time complexity of O(n 2 ) and an octree approach, with the time complexity of O(nlogn). We introduce a basic A* algorithm to search through the resulting graph for the most efficient egress path. We then integrate our mod with the visualization tool for the "As Real As It Gets" (ARAIG) haptic suit, which provides a visual representation of the physical feedback the user would receive if he were to wear it. We finish this paper by asking a group of four users to test this program and their feedback is collected.
Fiber-Optic Sensors For Geophysical Applications (1989)

A review of the performance of various geophysical sensors is given. Included in the discussion are acoustic towed arrays, several types of phase-modulated and intensity-modulated seismometers, and a fiber-optic magnetometer. The presentation is in the form of a brief overview stressing concepts and recent progress. Theoretical derivations and engineering design are left to the references.
Design And Performance Evaluation Of An Integrated Miniature Single Stage Centrifugal Compressor And Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (2006)

An attempt has been made in this present work to design, fabricate and performance evaluate an integrated single stage centrifugal compressor and permanent magnet synchronous motor which is a key component of the reverse brayton cycle cryocooler. An off the shelf compressor – the driven and electric motor – the driver was not available commercially to suffice the requirements of the reverse brayton cryocooler. The integrated compressor-motor system was designed and tested with air as the working fluid at mass flow rate of 7.3 grams per sec, with a compression ratio of 1.58 and driven by a 2 KW permanent magnet synchronous motor at a design speed of 108,000 rpm. A permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor was designed to operate to operate over 200,000 rpm at 77 Kelvin temperature. It involved iterative processes involving structural, thermal and rotordynamic analysis of the rotor. Selection of high speed ceramic ball bearings, their mounting, fit and pre-load played prominent role. Attempts were made to resolve misalignment issues for the compressor – motor system, which had severe impact on the rotordynamic performance of the system and therefore losses at high speeds [15], [16]. A custom designed flexible coupler was designed and fabricated to run the compressor – motor system. An integrated compressor – motor system was an innovative design to resolve considerably several factors which hinder a high operational speed. Elimination of the coupler, reduction of number of bearings in the system and usage of fewer components on the rotor to increase the stiffness were distinct features of the integrated system. Several custom designed test-rigs were built which involved precision translation stages and angle brackets. Motor control software, an emulator, a DSP and a custom designed motor controller was assembled to run the motor. A cooling system was specially designed to cool the stator – rotor system. A pre-loading structure was fabricated to adequately pre-load the bearings. Flow measurement instruments such as mass flow meter, pressure transducers and thermocouples were used at several locations on the test rig to monitor the flow. An adjustable inlet guide vane was designed to control the tip clearance of the impeller.
Irony Detection Using Neural Network Language Model, Psycholinguistic Features and Text Mining (2018)

Irony is a form of figurative language, which is often used to make fun of an entity. We employ paragraph vector to capture syntactic and semantic features of the figurative language to subsequently detect satiric and ironic content in a given text using data mining. We extract psycholinguistic features with the help of a tool called Linguistic Inquiry Word Count. In order to extract useful insights of what constitutes figurative language, we combined syntactic, semantic, and psycholinguistic features together. We demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed methodology on two satiric news datasets and one ironic customer review dataset. The proposed approach outperformed on the state of the art results.
Preparation and Properties of Electrodeposited Cylindrical Magnetic Films (1965)

A process is described for the electrodeposition of cylindrical permalloy films with near zero magnetostriction. The design of a plating cell intended to achieve good uniformity of electrolyte agitation over the plating region is given. The steps used in the preparation of the wire substrate are discussed. Results showing the dependence of average alloy composition on electrolyte flow rate and pH are given, along with typical magnetic characteristics of the plated wire.
Transcriptomic Profiling of Dental Pulp Pericytes: An RNAseq Approach (2020)

Pericytes represent a population of mesenchymal cells that are found in virtually all vascularised organs where they share a range of similar features, mostly associated with vascular maintenance roles. It is becoming increasingly apparent that organ to organ differences exist between pericytes that directly relate to tissue-specific functions of these cells. Here, we present novel data indicating that in dental structures, pericytes have an immunomodulatory role. We show evidence supporting the concept that pericytes are a source of multiple cytokines and chemokines within the dental pulp, capable of regulating the extravasation of circulating lymphocytes. Using single cell RNA-seq we show that this is attributed to a defined pericyte sub-population that exists in vivo. In addition, as a consequence of our transcriptomic screen, we detect and validate a novel marker that can identify mature pericytes that can give rise to odontoblasts in vivo. Using transcriptomic screening, this marker is also shown to be expressed in pericytes residing in multiple other tissues including bone marrow, lung, and pancreas.
A complex virome that includes two distinct emaraviruses is associated to virus-like symptoms in Camellia japonica (2019)

SUMMARY Camellia japonica plants manifesting a complex and variable spectrum of viral symptoms like chlorotic ringspots, necrotic rings, yellowing with necrotic rings, yellow mottle, leaves and petals deformations, flower color-breaking were studied since 1940 essentially through electron microscopic analyses; however, a strong correlation between symptoms and one or more well characterized viruses was never verified. In this work samples collected from symptomatic plants were analyzed by NGS technique and a complex virome composed by viruses members of the Betaflexiviridae and Fimoviridae families was identified. In particular, the genomic fragments typical of the emaravirus group were organized in the genomes of two new emaraviruses species, tentatively named Camellia japonica associated emaravirus 1 and 2. They are the first emaraviruses described in camellia plants and were always found solely in symptomatic plants. On the contrary, in both symptomatic and asymptomatic plants, we detected five betaflexiviruses isolates that, based on aa identitiy comparisons, can be classified in two new putative species called Camellia japonica associated betaflexivirus 1 and Camellia japonica associated betaflexivirus 2. Together with other recently identified betaflexiviruses associated to Camellia japonica disease, the betaflexiviruses characterized in this study show an unusual hyper-conservation of the coat protein at aminoacidic level.
Experimental investigations and modelling of a composite piezoceramic disc with different modes of vibrations (2017)

This contribution deals with the experimental investigations and modelling of the mechanical vibrations of the piezoelectric disc-shaped resonator, attached to a mechanically clamped metal membrane, which creates the composite resonator structure, the so called ultrasound therapy transducer. This transducer vibrates with a certain acoustic intensity at the typical frequency of 1 MHz, and the ultrasound waves are propagated into biologic tissue. The piezoelectric element in the composite structure is made from PZT ceramics; the clamped titanium membrane is tuned to the frequency of the resonator. Since a precise adjustment of the frequency of the transducer (which is exposed to the acoustical milieu of the air and other substances) is required, it is necessary to know the frequency spectrum of the vibrating composite resonator. This is influenced by a number of parameters. Tuning this composite structure is not a simple step in the manufacturing process, because the machining of the membrane is irreversible. In this paper, the completed investigations of the approach to the analytical solution of coupled vibrations of the piezoelectric resonators are presented, including the frequency spectra of the PZT disc-shaped resonator with a defined ratio of the diameter/thickness. However, this approach fails in the case of the real ultrasound transducer resonant structure (i.e., the disc-shaped resonator attached to the mechanically clamped metal membrane). Therefore the behavior of the vibrating structure has to be solved by some FEM method. In the described case the standard IEEE impedance/admittance measurement method and FEM simulation were used. The results allow an assessment of the suitability of the composite piezoceramic resonator in the terms of resonant frequencies, and tuning of the metal membrane to the appropriate resonant frequency.
Multisite comparison of methods for the quantitation of the surface expression of CD38 on CD8+ T lymphocytes (2000)

We evaluated the effect of specimen processing variations and quantitation methods on quantitative determination of CD38 expression on CD8 T lymphocytes. Neither lysing reagent (ammonium chloride versus BD FACSlyse), fixation (paraformaldehyde versus no final fixation step), nor acquisition delay (acquisition within 6 h after fixation versus 24 h after fixation) had a significant effect on CD38 relative fluorescent intensity or CD38 quantitative estimates (RFI or antibodies bound per cell). The only significant difference in fluorescent intensity and CD38 antibodies bound per cell (ABC) was encountered when whole blood was held for 24 h prior to staining and fixation and then acquired after another 24-h hold. However, for all sample processing methods above, the CD4 biologic calibrator and QuantiBRITE bead methods gave significantly different estimates of CD38 intensity. In many cases, however, these differences are relatively small and were more pronounced in certain laboratories. We conclude that there is some flexibility in sample processing methods for quantitative CD38 determination; however, it is preferable for a laboratory to employ one method of fluorescence quantitation calculation consistently because small differences are detected between different methods. Cytometry (Comm. Clin. Cytometry) 42:174-179, 2000.
Correction: Engineering β-lactamase zymogens for use in protease activity assays (2014)

Correction for ‘Engineering β-lactamase zymogens for use in protease activity assays’ by Hajin Kim et al., Chem. Commun., 2014, 50, 10155–10157.
Distribution of bovine and rabbit lens alpha-crystallin products by MALDI imaging mass spectrometry. (2008)

An improved method for investigating the spatial distribution of alpha-crystallin in the ocular lens by MALDI imaging mass spectrometry has been developed. The localization of multiple degradation products and specific regions of alpha-crystallin phosphorylation in bovine and rabbit lenses gives new insight into the program of lens fiber cell differentiation and normal lens function.
<title>Photoacoustic imaging of blood vessel equivalent phantoms</title> (2002)

Various phantoms have been used to assess the ability of transmission mode photoacoustic imaging to visualize blood vessels. A Q switched Nd:YAG laser operating at 1.06micrometers was used as the pulsed excitation source. Detection of the photoacoustic signals was achieved by mechanically scanning a photodiode across the reflected output beam of a Fabry Perot polymer film ultrasound sensor to simulate 1D and 2D detector arrays. The depth profile of a 1.3mm thick polymer sheet ((mu) <SUB>a</SUB>=0.8mm<SUP>-1</SUP>) immersed to a depth of 2cm in an Intralipid scattering solution ((mu) <SUB>s</SUB>=1mm<SUP>-1</SUP>, (mu) <SUB>a</SUB>=0.03mm<SUP>-1</SUP> was imaged using a 1D detector scan and a simple line-of-sight approach to image reconstruction. An arrangement comprising three 3 lines of PMMA tubing of internal diameter 62.5micrometers , arranged at different heights and filled with human blood, was immersed at depths of up to 7mm in the Intralipid solution. Using a radial backprojection algorithm, 2D and 3D images were reconstructed from 1D and 2D detector scans respectively. The vessels could be observed as high contrast features on the images. Lateral resolution, limited by the detector aperture was 0.33mm and the axial resolution was 0.15mm.
Performance analysis for complex FastICA algorithms in MIMO OFDM systems (2010)

MIMO OFDM systems are applied in IEEE 802.11n wireless communication standard for improvement of transmission ability. In MIMO OFDM systems, to recover mixed source signals in receivers is one of significant objectives. Blind signal separation (BSS) techniques are such suitable methods to separate linearly mixed independent source signals given only observations in receivers of MIMO OFDM systems. Complex FastICA algorithms are important algorithms of BSS techniques and have attracted extensive attention in wireless communication. In this paper, a testing environment based on MIMO OFDM systems is designed to evaluate and compare the performance of a family of complex FastICA algorithms. The performance measures include bit error rate (BER) and the convergence speed. From an engineering point of view, the results obtained from the designed testing environment are very essential, since the research includes most important members of complex FastICA algorithms and such a comprehensive performance analysis need to be done in MIMO OFDM systems.
Réalisation des sources lasers monomodes innovantes émettant dans le moyen infrarouge. Application à la spectroscopie (2010)

Le point central des travaux exposes dans cette these est l'etude des reseaux metalliques de surface applique au cas des lasers a cascade quantique (LCQ) emettant dans le moyen infrarouge. Nous avons compris les phenomenes physiques mis en jeu dans ce type de structure au moyen de modeles simples qui ont ete des outils puissants d'aide a la conception des composants. Les resultats sont confirmes par les etudes numeriques utilisant le formalisme, plus complexe, des matrices S. L'etude de ces reseaux a abouti a plusieurs realisations : o L'elaboration de sources monomodes avec un controle precis des longueurs d'onde. L'originalite de ces dispositifs reside dans l'interaction, accompagnee de faibles pertes, du champ electromagnetique avec le metal, ce qui a rendu possible la realisation de LCQs a contre reaction repartie (DFB) fonctionnant en regime continu, a temperature ambiante. o Le developpement de nouveaux dispositifs, de faible divergence, bases sur une combinaison des reseaux metalliques du premier et second ordre. o La demonstration du fort potentiel d'un LCQ couple optiquement avec une cavite de haute finesse (OF-CEAS : Optical-Feedback Cavity-Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy) pour la spectroscopie moleculaire de haute sensibilite. Tous ces developpements ont demontres le degre de maturite des reseaux metalliques de surface, bien adaptes aux lasers a cascade quantique pour leur utilisation dans des systemes de spectroscopie.