gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of Selective Chemosensors for the On-Line Monitoring of Coffee Roasting by SOMMSA and COTA Technology (2002)

Gas chromatography combined with a sniffing device (GC/O) or a chemosensor array (GC/SOMMSA) was used to develop a fast and objective method for monitoring flavor generation during roasting of coffee beans. The responses of the human nose and those of the chemosensors to single roast coffee volatiles were compared. Human odor perception and artificial volatile detection revealed 2-furfurylalcohol as an indicator volatile in the coffee headspace. This compound was selectively detected with high sensitivity by the chemosensors and was found to quantitatively correlate with 2-furfurylthiol, a character impact odorant of coffee. The chemosensors used in these experiments were then used to monitor the coffee roasting process on-line. To overcome problems occurring with the on-line use of chemosensors, such as contamination and overloading of the sensing metal oxides, we developed the Cyclic Operating-Temperature Alteration (COTA)-technology. This new technique, which involves switching each chemosensor between a measuring and a desorption mode, proved to be a powerful tool for monitoring flavor formation during coffee roasting on-line.
Determining Protein D Antibody Suppression by OMP26 (2022)

Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most prevalent diseases in young children, and healthcare‐related costs are estimated to be $6 billion in the US each year. AOM is also the most common ailment for which antibiotics are prescribed. Considering all of these challenges and the rising concerns over antibiotic resistant bacteria, it is important to develop a vaccine to protect against AOM. Two proteins, OMP26 and Protein D, are currently leading protein vaccine candidates for one of the main bacterial causes of AOM: nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). On their own, the proteins produce a robust antibody response in mice. However, we recently showed that when the two proteins are combined into a single formulation, Protein D antibodies are suppressed. We first hypothesized that OMP26 and Protein D must physically interact to induce such suppression. However, here, we describe the results of our studies, which employed column chromatography and other biochemistry techniques, which suggest that OMP26 and Protein D do not directly interact. Further studies are underway to determine the mechanism behind Protein D antibody suppression and to assess several experimental strategies to overcome the suppression.
Importance of the Lipid Layer in Human Tear Film Stability and Evaporation (1997)

Where the human lipid layer is absent, or is not confluent, and the tear film is unstable, tear evaporation is increased four-fold. However, where there is a stable, intact lipid layer, regardless of lipid thickness, tear evaporation is retarded.
A Topological Approach to Hierarchical Segmentation using Mean Shift (2007)

Mean shift is a popular method to segment images and videos. Pixels are represented by feature points, and the segmentation is driven by the point density in feature space. In this paper, we introduce the use of Morse theory to interpret mean shift as a topological decomposition of the feature space into density modes. This allows us to build on the watershed technique and design a new algorithm to compute mean-shift segmentations of images and videos. In addition, we introduce the use of topological persistence to create a segmentation hierarchy. We validated our method by clustering images using color cues. In this context, our technique runs faster than previous work, especially on videos and large images. We evaluated accuracy with a classical benchmark which shows results on par with existing low-level techniques, i.e. we do not sacrifice accuracy for speed.
Self-epitaxial Co-Cr media: Preferable for fabrication by roll coater sputtering system (1987)

A roll coater system was investigated for establishment of a mass production system for Co-Cr perpendicular magnetic recording media. Improvements of the crystal orientation and the magnetic properties of Co-Cr films with new seed layers of Co-Cr itself are first described. In the light of these results, a Co-Cr film with a composition gradient in the growing direction but without any seed layer is proposed and its properties are discussed. It is found that the anisotropy field Hk can be remarkably increased for the film with a composition gradient over that of films with uniform composition. It is concluded that the newly developed Co-Cr film is very suitable for mass production by a roll coater because of its simplified process which requires no sputtering of any seed layers.
ChemInform Abstract: Perhydropyrrolo(2,1‐b)thiazolones: Synthesis and Investigations of Their Chemical and Pharmacological Properties. (1988)

Abstract The pyrrolines (I) react with the mercaptoacetate (II) to form the pyrrolothiazolones (III).
Lambdas in the liftshaft---functional programming and an embedded architecture (1995)

Embedded computer systems seem to be the antithesis of functional language systems. Embedded systems are small, stand-alone, and are often forced to accept inelegant design compromises due to hardware cost. They run continuously and are reactive, that is, their primary goal is to monitor sensors and control effecters, using observed external events to trigger state-changing control actions.
Pragmatic error identification in traumatic brain injury (2014)

Traumatic brain injury causes physical, neurobehavioral, and cognitive-linguistic deficits including problems related to pragmatic functioning and emotional processing.This study investigated the ability of 10 (9 male and 1 female) adults with traumatic brain injury and 10 neurotypical participants to identify errors in pragmatic behavior embedded in 25 videotaped interactions presented by computer.Statistical analysis revealed that the neurotypical participants identified significantly more violations of pragmatic rules than the participants with traumatic brain injury for two of the five deficit categories, excessive interruption and two deficits.Limitations of the study and directions for future research are discussed.
Efficient Spin-Photon Interfaces for Quantum Networks (2022)

Spin defects in wide band gap semiconductors are a leading contender in various areas of quantum technology. Most notably they have been established as a novel tool for nanoscale sensing and as major hardware for long distance quantum entanglement, necessary for quantum repeater structures [ 1 , 2 ]. I will present the use of spin defects in Silicon Carbide (SiC) for quantum photonics and specifically for spin-photon interfaces [ 3 ]. Specifically, I will address the spin properties of the material and the interplay between photon emission and spin memory times. It turns out, that the silicon vacancy in SiC is an excellent compromise between photonic and spin quantum memory properties [ 4 ]. Even when incorporated into microscale photonic waveguides the optical transitions retain high quality such that long spin coherence times and almost transform-limited photon emission can be observed simultaneously.
Optimization of STI oxide recess uniformity for FinFET beyond 20nm (2015)

In the process of the FinFETs, shallow trench isolation (STI) oxide recess is very critical to fin height control which has significant impact on the electrical performance of device. In this work, void free STI gap filling process has been demonstrated with process optimization. STI CMP uniformity for both global and local areas has been studied. STI oxide shape and recess uniformity have also been evaluated with different oxide recess methods. Good STI oxide profile and uniformity of STI oxide recess have been achieved through above process optimization.
Spinal arteriovenous malformation presenting as spastic monoplegic cerebral palsy in a child (2010)

A case of spinal arterio-venous malformation (AVM) initially diagnosed as unilateral cerebral palsy (CP) is reported. The presentation was of a long-standing spastic monoparesis of the left leg, with initial response to Botulinum toxin injections to the calf and tibialis posterior muscles. This was followed by progressive deterioration occurring over a 3-month period before further investigation and definitive diagnosis at 7 years. Imaging demonstrated a large extra-medullary spinal AVM compressing the mid-thoracic cord. This was successfully managed by embolisation with a non-adhesive polymer: ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer injected into the dominant feeding vessel. This case highlights the need to consider alternative diagnoses when a child with a diagnosis of CP presents with atypical clinical features such as monoparesis and has worsening or altered clinical signs. Moreover, a normal magnetic resonance imaging brain scan and the absence of ipsilateral upper limb neurological signs or functional impairment should raise suspicion even in the context of static lower limb signs. A literature review was performed on the management of spinal AVM in children and this will be is discussed.
Heartbeat detection by using Doppler radar with wavelet transform based on scale factor learning (2015)

In this paper, we focus on the scale factor in the wavelet transform. When we observe the time series of wavelet coefficients on each scale factor, the wavelet coefficients are affected by the respiration or the body motion on some scale factors. On the other hand, on some scale factor, the wavelet coefficients increase only when the heartbeats appear. We search the scale factor whose wavelet coefficients increase only when the heartbeats appear, in advance. In the learning phase, the subject sits still without body motion. We avoid using a pseudo frequency to obtain the heart rate. Instead, we use the time interval of each peak on the wavelet coefficients whose scale factor is decided in the learning phase. Thus, although the subject has body motion, the heartbeats are able to be detected. For the evaluation, four types of activities are tested. The R-R interval is used for the evaluation of heartbeat detection. As a result, we confirm that RMSE of the R-R interval reduced on all activities compared to the conventional method. Moreover, the RMSE of the R-R interval did not deteriorate when the distance between the Doppler radar and the subject becomes long.
Efficient π bridges based on five-membered heterocyclic rings for second-order NLO properties of push-pull type molecules (2012)

Thirty-two molecules were designed as donor–bridge–acceptor (D–π–A) push-pull type nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophores with five-membered heterocyclic (O, S, NH, PH) bridges. An eigenvector following (EF) method was employed to optimize the structures of the molecules and a parametric method number six (PM6) method was used to study the second-order NLO properties by calculating the dipole moment and the first- and second-order polarizabilities. The relationship between second-order NLO properties and the structures is discussed through the calculated results. The analyzed results show that the five-membered heterocyclic ring is a highly efficient electronic transfer bridge. By comparing the second-order NLO properties, it was found that the 4H-1,2,4-diazaphosphole heterocyclic bridge (MZ-PH) and furan heterocyclic bridge (M-O) can enhance the second-order polarizability (β) values of molecules more than other bridges. The results can help the selection of electronic donor, conjugated bridge and electronic acceptor to get large second-order NLO properties.
Respiratory Complications of Spinal Cord Injury (2007)

"Respiratory Complications of Spinal Cord Injury." The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 30(4), pp. 307–308
Computation of Gibbs Free Energies of Hydration for Simple Aromatic Molecules:  A Comparative Study Using Monte Carlo and Molecular Dynamics Computer Simulation Techniques (1996)

Gibbs free energy calculations on simple aromatic systems (benzene, naphthalene, and anthracene) in aqueous solutions using computational molecular simulation techniques are presented. In order to investigate the influence of the water model on the calculated free energy values, simulations with the water models TIP4P and SPC were carried out. The influence of the sampling technique was studied by comparing results obtained from Monte Carlo calculations to those obtained from molecular dynamics calculations. Furthermore, the influence of the long-range interaction cutoff criterion on the free energy results is discussed. It is found that results from molecular dynamics using the SPC water model and applying thermodynamic integration along a soft-core pathway give results comparable to experimental values and to values obtained with statistical perturbation theory using Monte Carlo and the computationally more demanding TIP4P water model. Therefore, one can conclude that free energy calculations on large compounds which are currently possible almost exclusively with molecular dynamics and computationally inexpensive water models in combination with simple long-range interaction cutoff criteria are able to provide reliable results.
Susceptibility-weighted imaging in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of multiple sclerosis indicates elevated deoxyhemoglobin, iron deposition and demyelination (2012)

SWI lesions exist in EAE mice. Many lesions seen in SWI were a result of deoxyhemoglobin in the blood, and so may indicate areas of hypoxia. A smaller number of SWI lesions coincided with parenchymal iron, demyelination, and/or inflammation.
Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch (2006)

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/herbarium_specimens_byname/14161/thumbnail.jpg
Flexible and fragmentable tandem photosensitive nanocrystal skins (2015)

We proposed and demonstrated the first account of large-area, semi-transparent, tandem photosensitive nanocrystal skins (PNSs) constructed on flexible substrates operating on the principle of photogenerated potential buildup, which avoid the need for applying an external bias and circumvent the current-matching limitation between junctions. We successfully fabricated and operated the tandem PNSs composed of single monolayers of colloidal water-soluble CdTe and CdHgTe nanocrystals (NCs) in adjacent junctions on a Kapton polymer tape. Owing to the usage of a single NC layer in each junction, noise generation was significantly reduced while keeping the resulting PNS films considerably transparent. In each junction, photogenerated excitons are dissociated at the interface of the semi-transparent Al electrode and the NC layer, with holes migrating to the contact electrode and electrons trapped in the NCs. As a result, the tandem PNSs lead to an open-circuit photovoltage buildup equal to the sum of those of the two single junctions, exhibiting a total voltage buildup of 128.4 mV at an excitation intensity of 75.8 μW cm(-2) at 350 nm. Furthermore, we showed that these flexible PNSs could be bent over 3.5 mm radius of curvature and cut out in arbitrary shapes without damaging the operation of individual parts and without introducing any significant loss in the total sensitivity. These findings indicate that the NC skins are promising as building blocks to make low-cost, flexible, large-area UV/visible sensing platforms with highly efficient full-spectrum conversion.
Robust Relay-Feedback Based Autotuning for DC-DC Converters (2007)

This paper addresses the design and practical implementation of a digital controller for switched-mode DC- DC converters with self-tuning capabilities. The proposed tuning technique is based on digital relay feedback and exhibits some features specifically developed to improve accuracy and robustness in practical applications. The most relevant property is the elimination of the measurement of the output voltage oscillation amplitude, which is critical from the accuracy point of view, if the oscillation amplitude is only a few least significant bits (LSBs) of the A/D converter. The proposed tuning technique is presented and the complexity of the resulting algorithm is further analyzed, its performances compared to other recently proposed tuning techniques. The described approach is simple, quite accurate, and robust. Experimental results on a 10 A, 1.5 V point-of-load converter are provided to show the effectiveness of the discussed approach.
Development and assessment of a miniaturised centrifugal chromatograph for reversed-phase separations in micro-channels (2004)

This paper describes the micro-fabrication and preliminary assessment of a miniature polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) device for performing rapid, parallel liquid phase chromatographic separations driven by centrifugal force in microchannels. Device components include a main separating channel, into which a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) particulate stationary phase was packed under pressure by application of centrifugal force, in addition to solvent and sample reservoirs. Also described are methods for sealing such devices based upon partial polymerisation of PDMS. The mobile phase flow rate through a typical device was measured and several important chromatographic parameters determined from a test separation. An expression describing mobile phase flow through packed channels was also developed, based upon work on liquid flow in open micro-channels. Good agreement between predicted and measured flow rates were observed. Some predictions for potential uses of such devices and possibilities for further miniaturisation are discussed.
Structural Study of Crystalline Approximants of the Al–Cu–Fe–Cr Decagonal Quasicrystal (1995)

Orthorhombic (O1, O2 and O3) and monoclinic (M1 and M2) phases are the crystalline approximants of the Al–Cu–Fe–Cr decagonal quasicrystal. The structures of these crystalline phases can be described using three subunits, which are derived from the O3 structure. As an example, the structural model of the O1 phase is presented in detail. This model agrees with the X-ray powder diffraction pattern and the high-resolution electron image of the O1 phase.
Novel synthetic routes to thienocarbazoles via palladium or copper catalyzed amination or amidation of arylhalides and intramolecular cyclization (2002)

Palladium or copper catalyzed aminations or amidations were performed to obtain diarylamines and diarylacetamides precursors of thienocarbazoles. The fact that an ortho-bromodiarylamine did not cyclize to the corresponding thienocarbazole under conditions known for carbazoles from ortho-halodiphenylamines, conducted us to a highly efficient method of palladium-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization with N-deprotection of ortho-halodiarylacetamides to thienocarbazoles. Other method of intramolecular cyclization of diarylamines based on the reoxidation of the Pd(0) formed by Cu(OAc)2, avoiding the use of stoichiometric amounts of Pd(OAc)2, gave thienocarbazoles in a moderate yield, including a ring A methoxylated compound. An attempt to combine palladium and copper catalyses in a ‘one pot’ reaction of amination and intramolecular cyclization gave as major product a N-benzo[b]thiophene substituted carbazole and the required thienocarbazole in low yield.
Fluconazole-Associated Hypercalcemia in Patients with Coccidioidomycosis (2016)

Fluconazole, voriconazole, and itraconazole may potentiate the hypercalcemic effect of other medications, although to date, triazoles alone have not been linked to hypercalcemia. We describe a case of new-onset hypercalcemia in the setting of high-dose fluconazole that resolved after changing the antifungal regimen. We reviewed our institutional database to assess the frequency of moderate or severe hypercalcemia (serum calcium ≥12 mg/dL) among patients with coccidioidomycosis treated with a triazole. We identified 2,133 patients, seen from January 1, 2005, through December 20, 2012, with a diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis. Twenty-three patients (1%) had subsequent hypercalcemia; of these, 20 patients (87%) had moderate or severe hypercalcemia. Nine of the 20 patients (45%) with moderate or severe hypercalcemia were taking triazoles, and most had comorbid conditions that were risk factors for hypercalcemia (tertiary hyperparathyroidism, n=4; multiple myeloma, n=2; adrenal insufficiency, n=1). The effect of fluconazole on calcium metabolism possibly is small or not clinically significant until the dose is high. Fluconazole may also contribute to hypercalcemia in patients with underlying hyperparathyroidism because of the loss of calcium’s inhibitory effect on parathyroid hormone secretion. In summary, moderate or severe hypercalcemia is uncommon in coccidioidomycosis and rare in those treated with triazoles. High-dose fluconazole may be associated with symptomatic hypercalcemia, especially in patients with predisposing comorbid conditions.
High sensitivity test for the early diagnosis of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. III. Computation of time-specified tolerance intervals as reference for blood pressure excess in the diagnosis of gestational hypertension. (1997)

According to classic embryological testbooks intervillous circulation is established early in the first trimester. This process starts with trophoblastic invasion of the decidua in which proteolytic enzymes facilitate the penetration and erosion of the adjacent maternal capillaries with formation of the lacunae. After the lacunar or previllous stage trophoblast invades deeper portions of endometrium with belonging spiral arteries. This gradual process finishes with direct opening of the spiral arteries in the intervillous space under the fully developed placenta. This classic concept of establishment of the intervillous circulation was challenged in 1987 and 1988 by the experiments of Hustin and Shaaps. The authors believed that blood flow in the intervillous space is absent in incompletely development before 12 weeks of gestation. After the introduction of the generation of far more sensitive color Doppler devices in the last few years, our group and several others reported a positive finding of intervillous circulation during the first trimester of pregnancy.