gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Orbiting Platform Communication and Data Management Systems (1987)

The communications and tracking (C&T) system on board the orbiting platform communicates with the ground facilities through the TDRS satellites. The C&T system operates on Ku and S-band. Using a high gain antenna the Ku-band channel can support a downlink data rate of 300 Mbps through the TDRS single axis channel. The S-band system communicates with the orbiter and with both multiple and single axis TDRS channels. The Data Management System (DMS) provides the following services to the orbiting platform: data distribution within and between core systems and payloads, data processing facilities for core systems, data base management, time and frequency standards, and overall platform management and control. The DMS is a distributed data processing network. The nodes are connected by a local area network (LAN). Each node is autonomous. Since the design is modular, nodes can be added or deleted without disturbing the system. Sensors and effectors communicate with the core system software via the network through multiplexers/demultiplexers.
Unconventional spin freezing in the disordered pyrochlore magnet NaCaCo$_2$F$_7$: NMR studies and Monte-Carlo simulations (2016)

We present results of $^{23}$Na and $^{19}$F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements on NaCaCo$_2$F$_7$, a frustrated pyrochlore magnet with a large Curie-Weiss temperature, $T_{cw} \approx$ -140 K, and intrinsic bond disorder. Below $3.6$\,K both the $^{23}$Na and $^{19}$F spectra broaden substantially, accompanied by a huge reduction of the NMR signal intensity: These hint at a broad quasi-static field distribution with glassy relaxation dynamics in this regime. The $^{19}$F spin-lattice relaxation rate $^{19}(1/T_1$) exhibits strong low-frequency spin dynamics in a wide temperature range. We attribute the spin freezing to the presence of bond disorder. This is corroborated by large-scale Monte-Carlo simulations of a classical bond-disordered XY model on the pyrochlore lattice. However, the low freezing temperature, together with the very short magnetic correlation length not captured by the simulations, suggest quantum effects to play a decisive role in NaCaCo$_2$F$_7$, possibly placing the material in the proximity of a quantum spin-liquid state.
Oral Appliances for the Treatment of Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Review (1995)

This paper, which has been reviewed and approved by the Board of Directors of the American Sleep Disorders Association, provides the background for the Standards of Practice Committee's parameters for the practice of sleep medicine in North America. The 21 publications selected for this review describe 320 patients treated with oral appliances for snoring and obstructive sleep apnea. The appliances modify the upper airway by changing the posture of the mandible and tongue. Despite considerable variation in the design of these appliances, the clinical effects are remarkably consistent. Snoring is improved and often eliminated in almost all patients who use oral appliances. Obstructive sleep apnea improves in the majority of patients; the mean apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in this group of patients was reduced from 47 to 19. Approximately half of treated patients achieved an AHI of < 10; however, as many as 40% of those treated were left with significantly elevated AHIs. Improvement in sleep quality and sleepiness reflects the effect on breathing. Limited follow-up data indicate that oral discomfort is a common but tolerable side effect, that dental and mandibular complications appear to be uncommon and that long-term compliance varies from 50% to 100% of patients. Comparison of the risk and benefit of oral appliance therapy with the other available treatments suggests that oral appliances present a useful alternative to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), especially for patients with simple snoring and patients with obstructive sleep apnea who cannot tolerate CPAP therapy.
Inertiality Implies the Lorentz Group (2007)

In his seminal paper of 1905, Einstein derives the Lorentz group as being the coordinate transformations of Special Relativity, under the main assumption that all inertial frames are equivalent. In that paper, Einstein also assumes the coordinate transformations are linear. Since then, other investigators have weakened and varied the linearity assumption. In the present paper, we retain only the inertiality assumption, and do not even assume that the coordinate transformations are continuous. Linearity is deduced. Our result is described in the affine space, R(n+1), with coordinates x0,x1,...,xn. Using the notation t = x0 and y = (x1,...,xn), the slope of a line in R(n+1) is defined to be |\\delta y/\\delta t|, computed from any two points on the line. The slope is non-negative and possibly infinite. A line in R(n+1) is said to be time-like if the slope of the line is strictly less than 1. Since inertial frames agree on who is inertial, coordinate transformations must carry time-like lines to time-like lines. A bijection from R(n+1) to R(n+1) is said to be time-like if it maps any time-like line onto another time-like line. The bijection is not assumed to be continuous. This paper proves that a time-like bijection is continuous (in fact, affine linear). The bijection is said to be strictly time-like if both it and its inverse are time-like. It is elementary to deduce that the strictly time-like bijections form the group generated by the extended inhomogeneous Poincare group and the dilations.
A method of transforming Fresnel field to far field for circular aperture antennas (1990)

A method of transforming Fresnel-region fields to far-region fields for circular aperture antennas consisting of arbitrary aperture field distributions is presented. In addition, this method can be directly applied to a planar antenna of any shape by defining the aperture diameter as the largest dimension of the antenna. The accuracy of this technique was demonstrated on a 32-element planar array.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Coulomb excitation measurements of reducedE2andE4transition matrix elements inDy156,158,Er162,164, andYb168 (1977)

The reduced $E2$ and $E4$ transition matrix elements were measured for $^{156,158}\mathrm{Dy}$, $^{162,164}\mathrm{Er}$, and $^{168}\mathrm{Yb}$ via Coulomb excitation with $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ particles at energies below those where nuclear effects are expected to contribute significantly. Charge deformation parameters ${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{2}^{c}$ and ${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{4}^{c}$ were extracted from these matrix elements by assuming the charge distribution to have a deformed Fermi distribution form with quadrupole and hexadecapole components. Values of $〈{0}^{+}\ensuremath{\parallel}(E2)\ensuremath{\parallel}{2}^{+}〉$ of 1.929, 2.161, 2.238, 2.341, and 2.402 eb were found for $^{156,158}\mathrm{Dy}$, $^{162,164}\mathrm{Er}$, and $^{168}\mathrm{Yb}$, respectively, with \ensuremath{\lesssim}1% uncertainty. The values of $〈{0}^{+}\ensuremath{\parallel}M(E4)\ensuremath{\parallel}{4}^{+}〉$ for these same respective nuclei are ${0.21}_{\ensuremath{-}0.20}^{+0.16}$, ${0.16}_{\ensuremath{-}0.15}^{+0.10}$, ${0.16}_{\ensuremath{-}0.26}^{+0.14}$, ${0.12}_{\ensuremath{-}0.13}^{+0.12}$, and ${0.19}_{\ensuremath{-}0.19}^{+0.14}$ ${\mathit{e}\mathrm{b}}^{2}$.NUCLEAR REACTIONS $^{156,159}\mathrm{Dy}(\ensuremath{\alpha},{\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{\ensuremath{'}})$, $^{162,164}\mathrm{Er}(\ensuremath{\alpha},{\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{\ensuremath{'}})$, $^{168}\mathrm{Yb}(\ensuremath{\alpha},{\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{\ensuremath{'}})$, ${E}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}=12\ensuremath{-}13$ MeV; measured Coulomb excitation cross sections relative to elastic cross sections at ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\mathrm{lab}}=150\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$; deduced $〈{0}^{+}\ensuremath{\parallel}M(E2)\ensuremath{\parallel}{2}^{+}〉$, $〈{0}^{+}\ensuremath{\parallel}M(E4)\ensuremath{\parallel}{4}^{+}〉$, using rotational model; extracted charges deformation parameters ${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{2}^{c}$, ${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{4}^{c}$ from rotational model and Fermi charge distribution. Enriched targets.
Human Blood-Feeding Rates Among Sympatric Sibling Species of Anopheles quadrimaculatus Mosquitoes in Northern Florida (1996)

We compared rates of feeding on human hosts for blood-engorged female Anopheles quadrimaculatus species A, B and C1 collected from daytime resting sites in Manatee Springs State Park, Levy County, Florida during 1992-1993. Quick-blot DNA probes were used to identify mosquito taxa and also the presence of human blood in the mosquito gut. In collections from a campground area, human blood-feeding rates differed significantly among mosquito species (10.7% [19 of 177], 0%, [0 of 62], and 1.2%, [4 of 327]), respectively for species A, B and C1). In collections from a woodland site (1 km from the campground), 1.5% (2 of 129) of the species B females had fed on humans, whereas none of 19 species A or 159 species C1 females had done so. Of the three species in this study area, species A appears the most likely to be a biting pest of humans and a vector of human malaria.
White, Grey, Black: Effects of XAI Augmentation on the Confidence in AI-based Decision Support Systems (2020)

AI-based decision support systems (DSS) have become increasingly popular for solving a variety of tasks in both, low-stake, and high-stake situations. However, due to their complexity, they often lack transparency into their decision process. Therefore, the field of explainable AI (XAI) has emerged to provide explanations for these black-box systems. While XAI research assumes an increase in confidence when using their augmented grey-box systems, test designs for this proposition are scarce. Therefore, we propose an empirical study to test the effect of black-box, grey-box, and white-box explanations on a domain expert’s confidence in the system, and subsequently on the effectiveness of the overall decision process. For this purpose, we derive hypotheses from theory and implement AI-based DSS with XAI augmentations for low-stake and high-stake situations. Further, we provide detailed information on a future survey-based study, which we will conduct to complete this research-in-progress.
Effect of Topically Applied Multi-lamellar Emulsion Containing Linoleic Acid on Experimentally Induced Comedones (2007)

Background: Disturbed keratinization of the follicular infundibulum is the earliest change in comedo formation. The relative decrease in linoleic acid in the sebum could be responsible, in part, for this abnormal keratinization. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of topically applied multi-lamellar emulsion containing linoleic acid (MLE/LA) on experimentally induced comedones. Methods: To induce comedo formation, 50% oleic acid (OL) in macrogol 400 was applied to the ventral surface of both ears of New Zealand white rabbits. Twenty ears of ten rabbits were randomly divided into four treatment groups (5 ears in each group). Four groups (OL only, OL and MLE/LA, OL and MLE, OL and control vehicle containing LA) were treated twice daily for 2 weeks. The relative increase in areas of the comedo was evaluated by digital image analysis. The morphologic changes around the epithelial lining of the comedo were observed by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Results: After 2 weeks of application, only the OL and MLE/LA combined treated group showed significantly less (by 1.23-fold, p<0.05) increase in comedo size when compared to the OL treated group (by 1.86-fold). Upon light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy examination, the MLE/LA treated ears showed a lesser degree of epidermal hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis in the follicular infundibulum compared with the OL treated ears. Conclusion: Topical MLE/LA might have an inhibitory effect on the formation of OL induced comedones. (Korean J Dermatol 2007;45(3):249~254)
Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering applications (1994)

Two new two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models will be presented.They combine different elements of existing models that are considered superior to their alternatives.The first model, referred to as the baseline (BSL) model, utilizes the original k-u model of Wilcox in the inner region of the boundary layer and switches to the standard A>e model in the outer region and in free shear flows.It has a performance similar to the Wilcox model, but avoids that model's strong freestream sensitivity.The second model results from a modification to the definition of the eddy-viscosity in the BSL model, which accounts for the effect of the transport of the principal turbulent shear stress.The new model is called the shear-stress transport-model and leads to major improvements in the prediction of adverse pressure gradient flows.
Obligate Azygospore Formation in Two Species of Mucor (Mucorales) (1963)

In the course of sexual reproduction in many Mucorales, gametangia! copulation occasionally fails to take place normally and one or both of the gametangia involved in the sexual act may give rise to a parthenospore or azygospore. Azygospores typically are morphologically like the true zygospores of the species in which they occur, although they may be somewhat smaller. They may be single or double depending on whether or not one or both of the opposed gametangia develop parthenogenetically (for typical examples see Lead beater & Mercer, 1957a, Pl. 5, fig. In many instances, according to Ling-Young (1930), presumed double azygospores may be only true zygospores in which the exospore [ zygosporangium 1 differentiates prior to complete fusion of the gametangia.
Gene therapy simplified (2016)

In this issue of Blood, Richter et al report their work on an in vivo gene transduction system using the adenovirus-based vector and hyperactive SB transposase (SB100×) system. Their results show that this system is effective and safe and performs without needing ex vivo expansion and transduction of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).(1) This system may overcome some of the difficulties associated with cell collection and manufacturing and provide technical advances for the field of gene therapy.
Microstripline-slotline transition analysis using the spectral domain technique (1992)

A spectral domain analysis of the microstripline-slotline transition is presented. The equivalent circuit of the transition is obtained. Elements of the equivalent circuit are determined from the residue theorem. The reflection loss of the transition is determined using the present theory and is found to agree with the experimental data.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Different chronic effects of thiopental on the endothelial autacoid synthesis (2000)

European Society of Anaesthesiologists; 8th Annual Meeting with the Austrian International Congress; Vienna, Austria, 1-4 April 2000
Insulin-like growth factor-I enhances lymphoid and myeloid reconstitution after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation12 (2003)

IGF-I administration can enhance lymphoid and myeloid reconstitution after allo BMT without aggravating GVHD.
Mixed analog-digital pulse-width modulator for massive-MIMO transmitters (2016)

This paper presents a mixed-signal outphasing RF-PWM modulator with improved time resolution and high dynamic range realized in 40nm CMOS. Phase shifting is implemented using synchronously tapped analog delay lines comprising integrated L and C devices and achieving a fine-step delay of 2 ps while occupying acceptable silicon area and consuming zero power. The analog outputs of the delay lines are converted to CMOS-compatible square pulses that drive an AND gate which generates RF-PWM pulses with minimum pulse width of 10ps on a 50-Ohm load. According to system-integrated modulator co-simulation results, an ACLR of -45dBc is achieved from a 40 MHz baseband signal on a 2.65 GHz carrier.
Idelalisib for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (2014)

In this analysis of the nationally representative US population from 2017 to 2020, approximately 15% (~16.0 million) fewer adults were eligible for statin therapy for primary prevention under the 2022 USPSTF recommendations as compared to the 2018 AHA/ ACC/ MS Cholesterol guideline.
The case favoring direct C-alkylation of heteroatom-substituted enolates (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe case favoring direct C-alkylation of heteroatom-substituted enolatesMark Solomon, William Hoekstra, George Zima, and Dennis LiottaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 21, 5058–5062Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00256a029RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views237Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (554 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Synthesis and anti-DNA virus activity of the 5'-monophosphate and the cyclic 3',5'-monophosphate of 9-(.beta.-D-xylofuranosyl)guanine (1976)

9-(beta-TD-xylofuranosyl)guanine (xylo-G) was converted chemically to the 9-(beta-D-xylofuranosyl)guanine 5'-monophosphate (xylo-GMP) and 9-(beta-D-xylofuranosyl)guanine cyclic 3',5'-monophosphate (c-xylo-GMP). These compounds were tested against a variety of DNA viruses in tissue culture in parallel with 9-(beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine (ara-A). This evaluation revealed that xylo-G, xylo-GMP, and c-xylo-GMP were all moderately active but less effective than ara-A. When the four compounds were administered intracerebrally as a treatment for herpes virus, type 1 induced encephalitis in mice, c-xylo-GMP exhibited superior activity to that shown by the other three. When administered intraperitoneally, c-xylo-GMP was found to have a therapeutic index of about 4, which is less than that for ara-A (approximately 30) in the same system.
Instability of retroviral vectors with HIV-1-specific RT aptamers due to cryptic splice sites in the U6 promoter (2007)

The existence of a cryptic splice site in the U6 promoter when expressed in a retroviral vector in the reverse orientation generates deletions during packaging and may limit the utility of this promoter for expression of small RNA inhibitors.
Transgenic rabbits with the integrated human 15-lipoxygenase gene driven by a lysozyme promoter: macrophage-specific expression and variable positional specificity of the transgenic enzyme. (1995)

15-Lipoxygenase is expressed in foamy macrophages of atherosclerotic lesions and has been implicated in the oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein during early stages of atherogenesis. To establish an animal model of 15-lipoxygenase overexpression, we created transgenic rabbits that express at high level the human 15-lipoxygenase in monocyte-derived macrophages but not in liver, heart, kidney, lung, or other tissues. The expression level of the enzyme in monocyte-derived macrophages is comparable to that of interleukin 4 (IL4)-treated human monocytes, but more than 20-fold higher than in macrophages of normal rabbits. The transgenic enzyme oxygenates linoleic acid to 13S-hydroperoxy-9, 11 (Z,E)-octadecadienoic acid (13-HODE), and arachidonic acid to a mixture of 12S-hydroperoxy-5, 8, 10, 14 (Z,Z,E,Z)-eicosatetraenoic acid (12S-HETE), and 15S-hydroperoxy-5, 8, 11, 14 (Z,Z,Z,E)-eicosatetraenoic acid (15S-HETE). The 12-HETE/15-HETE ratio varied between 0.3 and 5.4, indicating a remarkable variability in the positional specificity of the transgenic enzyme. Macrophages from normal rabbits consistently produced 12S-HETE as the major oxygenation product. 15-Lipoxygenase-overexpressing rabbits may be used for further mechanistic studies on the implication of lipoxygenase in atherogenesis; they are also an ideal model for testing the in vivo action of 15-lipoxygenase inhibitors.
Compression of digital holograms of three-dimensional objects using wavelets (2006)

We present the results of what we believe is the first application of wavelet analysis to the compression of complex-valued digital holograms of three-dimensional real-world objects. We achieve compression through thresholding and quantization of the wavelet coefficients, followed by lossless encoding of the quantized data.
A specific mixture of short‐chain galacto‐oligosaccharides and long‐chain fructo‐oligosaccharides induces a beneficial immunoglobulin profile in infants at high risk for allergy (2008)

This study shows that GOS/FOS supplementation induces a beneficial antibody profile. GOS/FOS reduces the total Ig response and modulates the immune response towards CMP, while leaving the response to vaccination intact. This suggests that oral GOS/FOS supplementation is a safe method to restrain the atopic march.
IC–P–064: Discrimination between Alzheimer's disease patients and healthy subjects: Resting FDG–PET data (2006)

The pattern of brain activation in a region is dependent on the integrity of the neuronal and synaptic connections of a region. Thus the level of brain activation will lead to a spatial pattern of relatively higher and lower activation. Thus brain imaging data can be treated as a spatial pattern, and a statistical pattern recognition method can be used to map different patterns to different group membership. To investigate if machine learning methods can classify subjects between Alzheimer's disease and healthy control (HC) subjects. We applied the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm to perform classification of group membership using resting glucose metabolism images obtained using positron emission tomography (PET). There were 17 AD and 12 age–matched HC. The average (standard deviation) age was 67.8 (10.1) and 66.8 (9.8) years for the HC and AD patients, respectively. The average Mini Mental State Exam score was 29.4 (0.6) and 11 (6.7) for the HC and AD patients, respectively. Values of the resting glucose metabolism were obtained using a regions of interest (ROI) in the visual cortex, lateral temporal cortex, medial temporal lobe, inferior temporal lobe, ventral and dorso–lateral frontal lobe, anterior cingulate, and posterior cingulate. We found statistically significant differences in the temporal lobe, inferior parietal region, posterior cingulate and medial and frontal lobe areas. The analysis suing the SVM had two phases: during the training, the classifier algorithm finds the set of regions by which the two groups can be best distinguished from each other. In the test phase, given the FDG–PET values from a new subject the classifier predicts the subject's group membership. Our approach leads to two outputs: the classification of group membership, and the discriminating regions upon which the classification is based on. This method can be expanded to discriminate among 3 or more groups. The method is very promising as a tool to assist in the classification of subjects to patient populations.
Three-dimensional ordered macroporous platinum-based electrode for methanol oxidation (2006)

在这篇论文，三维的订的宏有高真实的表面区域的多孔的铂催化剂用转换胶体的晶体模板技术被综合并且为甲醇的电镀物品氧化被采用了。多孔的磅电极的形态学和 electrocatalyticbehavior 与原子力量显微镜学和电化学技术被调查。为扔的磅的一样的数量，电极的真实表面区域非常 nmrespectively 是为有 320 和 500 的毛孔尺寸的多孔的电极的 9.16 和 8.00 cm~2，它是比直接扔的磅电极大 5 倍(1.4cm ~ 2 ) 。甲醇电镀物品氧化上的毛孔尺寸效果被甲醇和多孔的材料的严峻的低集中答案与不同毛孔尺寸调查。synthesizedmacroporous 磅电极向甲醇的电镀物品氧化显示出高稳定性并且为直接甲醇燃料房间是有希望的。