gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and discovery of materials guided by theory and computation (2015)

Computational materials science and engineering has emerged as an interdisciplinary subfield spanning materials science and engineering, condensed matter physics, chemistry, mechanics and engineering in general. Modern materials research often requires a close integration of computation and experiments in order to fundamentally understand the materials structures and properties and their relation to synthesis and processing. A number of computational methods and tools at different spatiotemporal scales are now well established, ranging from electronic structure calculations based on density functional theory, 1,2 atomic molecular dynamics Over the last few years, computational materials activities have been steadily moving from technique development and purely computational studies of materials towards discovering and designing new materials guided by computation, machine learning and data mining or by a closely tied combination of computational predictions and experimental validation. This movement is being further accelerated by the recent initiatives by various government agencies in the United States, Europe, China and other countries to pursue the materials genome initiative, 10 integrated computational materials engineering
Rosuvastatin 20 mg restores normal HDL-apoA-I kinetics in type 2 diabetes (2009)

Catabolism of HDL particles is accelerated in type 2 diabetes, leading to a reduction in plasma residence time, which may be detrimental. Rosuvastatin is the most powerful statin to reduce LDL-cholesterol, but its effects on HDL metabolism in type 2 diabetes remain unknown. We performed a randomized double-blind cross-over trial of 6-week treatment period with placebo or rosuvastatin 20 mg in eight patients with type 2 diabetes. An in vivo kinetic study of HDL-apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) with (13)C leucine was performed at the end of each treatment period. Moreover, a similar kinetic study was carried out in eight nondiabetic normolipidemic controls. Rosuvastatin significantly reduced plasma LDL-cholesterol (-51%), triglycerides (TGs) (-38%), and HDL-TG (-23%). HDL-apoA-I fractional catabolic rate (FCR) was decreased by rosuvastatin (0.25 +/- 0.06 vs. 0.32 +/- 0.07 pool/day, P = 0.011), leading to an increase in plasma HDL-apoA-I residence time (4.21 +/- 1.02 vs. 3.30 +/- 0.73 day, P = 0.011). Treatment with rosuvastatin was associated with a concomitant reduction of HDL-apoA-I production rate. The decrease in HDL-apoA-I FCR, induced by rosuvastatin, was correlated with the reduction of plasma TGs and HDL-TG. HDL apoA-I FCR and production rate values in diabetic patients on rosuvastatin were not different from those found in controls. Rosuvastatin is responsible for a 22% reduction of HDL-apoA-I FCR and restores to normal the increased HDL turnover observed in type 2 diabetes. These kinetic modifications may have beneficial effects by increasing HDL plasma residence time.
Role of Amadori-modified nonenzymatically glycated serum proteins in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. (1996)

Accelerated nonenzymatic glycation in diabetes, resulting in Amadori-modified proteins and the later-developing advanced glycation end-products, has been mechanistically linked to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Recent focus on putative AGE-induced pathophysiology has shifted attention from the possible role of Amadori-modified proteins in the development of diabetic complications. Ample experimental evidence has demonstrated that Amadori-modified serum proteins adversely affect renal glomerular capillary function, structure, and metabolism. Previous studies from the laboratories of this study's authors have shown that human serum containing diabetic concentrations of albumin modified by Amadori-glucose adducts inhibits the replication of murine mesangial cells in culture and stimulates the production and gene expression of type IV collagen. Monoclonal antibodies (A717) specific for Amadori-glycated albumin prevent these abnormalities. In other studies, it has also been shown that in vivo administration of A717 (Fab fragments) retards the progression of diabetic nephropathy in diabetic db/db mice. Neutralizing the effects of the elevated circulating glycated albumin concentration is associated with reduction in proteinuria and mesangial matrix expansion, and prevention of the overexpression of mRNA encoding type IV collagen and fibronectin in the renal cortex. The renoprotective effects of A717 are independent of any change in blood glucose concentrations. These studies implicate Amadori-modified glycated albumin in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. It is proposed in this study that abrogating the biologic effects of increased glycated albumin in diabetes has novel therapeutic potential in the management of diabetic renal complications.
Variability of the NGC 1333 IRAS 4A Outflow: Molecular Hydrogen and Silicon Monoxide Images (2006)

The NGC 1333 region was observed in the H2 1-0 S(1) line. The H2 images cover a 5' x 7' region around IRAS 4. Numerous H2 emission features were detected. The northeast-southwest bipolar outflow driven by IRAS 4A was studied by combining the H2 images with SiO maps published previously. The SiO-H2 outflows are continuous on the southwestern side but show a gap on the northeastern side. The southwestern outflow lobe curves smoothly, and the position angle increases with the distance from the driving source. The base and the outer tip of the northeastern outflow lobe are located at positions opposite to the corresponding parts of the southwestern lobe. This point-symmetry suggests that the outflow axis may be drifting or precessing clockwise in the plane of the sky and that the cause of the axis drift may be intrinsic to the outflow engine. The axis drift model is supported by the asymmetric lateral intensity profile of the SiO outflow. The axis drift rate is about 0.011 deg yr-1. The middle part of the northeastern outflow does not exactly follow the point symmetry because of the superposition of two different kinds of directional variability: the axis drift of the driving source and the deflection by a dense core. The axis drift model provides a good explanation for the large deflection angle of the northeastern outflow. Other H2 emission features around the IRAS 4 region are discussed briefly. Some of them are newly found outflows, and some are associated with outflows already known before.
Ammonia Detection Using a Peptide-based Optoelectronic Nose (2022)

Ammonia is a well-known pollutant that is emitted in large quantities in the agriculture industry, largely from animal rearing. In this work, we present a new optoelectronic nose based on Mach-Zehnder interferometry using silicon technology and peptides as the sensing method. The purpose of this paper is to characterize the performance of the functionalized silicon photonics sensor by using a reference instrument based on UV spectrophotometry, provided by HEMERA. The instrument set-up used enabled a serial sampling methodology using the two devices. The gas sample was analyzed simultaneously by the optoelectronic nose and the spectrophotometer device at the same flow rate. Different concentrations of ammonia samples diluted in water were prepared and measured with this set-up. A collection of samples at different ammonia concentrations was acquired and analyzed. The results highlighted a high sensitivity (sub-ppmv) of the optoelectronic nose with respect to the ammonia concentration. The optoelectronic nose provides benefits for ammonia measurement since i/ it can be a complementary instrument to UV spectrophotometry for which common interferences are not the same ii/ it is more cost effective and compact compared to alternate reference accurate techniques iii/ it provides real-time results.
Disease progression among patients who receive available bladder preservation therapies after failure of BCG therapy in the SEER-Medicare data. (2020)

453 Background: For patients with high-grade (HG) non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) who recur after Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy, treatment options other than radical cystectomy have been limited. This study examined real-world utilization and outcomes of current bladder preservation therapies (BPT) after BCG treatment. Methods: We analyzed the SEER-Medicare database and identified patients diagnosed with HG NMIBC between 2008 and 2015 who received at least one BCG induction course (defined as ≥5 weekly instillations). Use of BPT within six months of the last consecutive BCG instillation was identified and included BCG + interferon alpha, docetaxel, doxorubicin, epirubicin, gemcitabine, mitomycin C, nab-paclitaxel, thiotepa, valrubicin, or their combinations. Progression was identified as initiation of treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer, radical cystectomy, or presence of metastases. Time to progression (TTP) was defined as time from BPT initiation to progression event. Progression-free survival (PFS) was assessed from BPT initiation and defined as the absence of progression or death due to bladder cancer. TTP and PFS were assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: A total of 7,074 patients were diagnosed with HG NMIBC and received ≥ 5 BCG weekly induction instillations. Of these, 8.8% (620 patients) initiated BPT. The most commonly used agents were mitomycin C (66.0%), followed by BCG + interferon alpha (22.9%), valrubicin (4.0%), doxorubicin (2.9%), and gemcitabine (2.1%). Disease progression occurred in 18.7% of patients within 1 year of treatment initiation (40.5% due to metastases), 36.4% within 3 years (50.0% due to metastases), and 45.4% within 5 years (50.2% due to metastases). The rate of PFS was 80.9%, 61.8%, and 52.3% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Conclusions: High rates of metastatic disease are noted in HG NMIBC following available BPT treatments after failure of BCG therapy. A high unmet need remains for novel bladder-sparing therapies to improve outcomes in this difficult-to-treat population.
Seroprevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis types in children with clinical trachoma in New Delhi, India. (1991)

Micro-immunofluorescence test with type specific antigens of ocular Chlamydial infection types A-D was used for serotyping the causative C. trachomatis serotypes in 32 inclusion positive school children suffering from trachoma. Single serotype associated infection was seen in six of the patients. The rest of them had antibodies against more than one serotype indicating simultaneous or previous infection by more than one serotype. By geometric mean titre determination, type C appeared to be the most prevalent serotype. However the highest antibody titres in individual cases were most frequently observed for serotype A. The use of geometric mean titre versus highest titre against specific serotype observed in individual cases for population survey is discussed. Isolation of organism for absolute determination of causative serotype from each patient is emphasised.
A Preliminary Cost Analysis of the Biotreatment of Refinery Spent-Sulfidic Caustic (1997)

Caustics are used in petroleum refining to remove hydrogen sulfide from various hydrocarbon streams. Spent-sulfidic caustics from three refineries have been successfully biotreated on the bench and pilot scale, resulting in neutralization and removal of active sulfides. Sulfides were completely oxidized to sulfate by Thiobacillus denitrificans strain F. Microbial oxidation of sulfide produced acid, which at least partially neutralized the caustic. A commercial-scale treatment system has been designed that features a bioreactor with a suspended culture of flocculated T. denitrificans, a settler and acid and nutrient storage and delivery systems. A cost analysis has been performed for nine cases representing a range of spent caustic sulfide and hydroxide concentrations at a base treatment rate of 10 gpm. This analysis shows that refinery spent-sulfidic caustic can be biotreated for 4–8.3¢/gal.
Assessment of the volumetric accuracy of a machine with geometric compensation (2001)

Volumetric assessment of Cartesian machines using a universal three-axis rigid body error model was presented. Application of volumetric correction using the same model has allowed machines to produce parts to tighter tolerances. A method for calculating angular errors using linear position measurements was devised. Software has been developed to perform the additional calculations.
Phage display technology: applications and innovations (2005)

The expression of exogenous peptides on the surface of filamentous bacteriophage was initially described by Smith in 1985. Since his first study, different molecules such as small peptides and antibodies have been displayed on coat proteins of phage, greatly expanding the applications of the technology. The past decade has seen considerable progress in the techniques and applications of phage libraries. In addition, different screening methods have allowed isolation and characterization of peptides binding to several molecules in vitro, in the context of living cells, in animals and in humans. Here we review the applications, recent innovations, and future directions of phage display technology.
System level power-performance trade-offs in embedded systems using voltage and frequency scaling of off-chip buses and memory (2002)

In embedded systems, off-chip buses and memory (i.e., L2 memory as opposed to the L1 memory which is usually on-chip cache) consume significant power, often more than the processor itself. In this paper, for the case of an embedded system with one processor chip and one memory chip, we propose frequency and voltage scaling of the off-chip buses and the memory chip and use a known micro-architectural enhancement called a store buffer to reduce the resulting impact on execution time. Our benchmarks show a system (processor + off-chip bus + off-chip memory) power savings of 28% to 36%, an energy savings of 13% to 35%, all while increasing the execution time in the range of 1% to 29%. Previous work in power-aware computing has focused on frequency and voltage scaling of the processors or selective power-down of sub-sets of off-chip memory chips. This paper quantitatively explores voltage/frequency scaling of off-chip buses and memory as a means of trading off performance for power/energy at the system level in embedded systems.
TEXTE UND TEXTILIEN (2001)

Die Liebesromane des 15. und 16. Jahrhunderts verlagern das erotische Begehren vom Körperlichen ins Kognitive. Im Zentrum des Begehrens steht nicht mehr der Körper des anderen, sondern das sichere Wissen über seine Liebe: Liebeshandlungen werden als semiotische Prozesse inszeniert, als Spiele von Zeichen und Interpretationen, die in Wickrams Goldfaden zugleich auf einer poetologischen Ebene lesbar werden.
Efficiently tunable positive-negative stiffness actuator (2017)

Compliant actuators have found their place in areas of prosthetics, rehabilitation and robot locomotion because they enable safe human-robot and stable robot-environment interaction, both non-trivial to achieve using conventional rigid actuation. These actuators are capable of varying their equilibrium position and apparent output stiffness in a way humans change the resting position and compliance of their limbs. Just like antagonistically actuated human joints, these actuators require two motor units to provide control over the equilibrium position and the positive joint stiffness. Here we present a novel compliant actuation concept which affords control over the equilibrium position and joint stiffness using a single motor unit. In order to achieve this unconventional functionality, the actuator combines a passive positive feedback (negative stiffness) mechanism with an efficiently tunable negative feedback (positive stiffness) mechanism. This provides a novel design with two distinct operation modes, one leading to unprecedented stiffness tunability, while the other enabling equilibrium point controllability. We present the first practical implementation of this actuator using a prototype prosthetic limb design along with experimental data testifying the range of tunability, covering compliant to rigid behaviour, without paying much on the power input.
Multiscale Simulations of Plasma Etching in Silicon Carbide Structures (2022)

Manufacturing of Silicon Carbide (SiC) based devices will soon require the accuracy and control typical of the advanced Si based nanoelectronics. As a consequence, the processes development will surely benefit of technology computer aided design (TCAD) tools dedicated to the current and future SiC process technologies. Plasma etching is one of the most critical and difficult process for optimization procedures in the micro/nanofabrication area, since the resultant 2D (e.g. in trenches) or 3D (e.g in holes) profiling is the consequence of the complex interactions between plasma and materials in the device structures. In this contribution we present a simulation tool dedicated to the etching simulation of SiC structures based on the sequential combination of a plasma scale global model and feature scale Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. As an example of the approach validation procedure the simulations are compared with the characterization analysis of particular real process results.
Interlaboratory reaction rate program. 12th progress report, November 1976-October 1979 (1980)

The Interlaboratory Reaction Rate UILRR) program is establishing the capability to accurately measure neutron-induced reactions and reaction rates for reactor fuels and materials development programs. The goal for the principal fission reactions, /sup 235/U, /sup 238/U and /sup 239/Pu, is an accuracy to within +- 5% at the 95% confidence level. Accurate measurement of other fission and nonfission reactions is also required, but to a lesser accuracy, between +- 5% and 10% at the 95% confidence level. A secondary program objective is improvement in knowledge of the nuclear parameters involved in the standarization of fuels and materials dosimetry measurements of neutron flux, spectra, fluence and burnup.
Chemically Pumped Molecular Lasers (1964)

The feasibility of efficient conversion of chemical energy to radiation in chemically pumped lasers is discussed. Suitable specific systems are suggested and analyzed.
Randomized phase II study of SGN-15 (CBR96-doxorubicin immunoconjugate) with docetaxel in patients with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (2004)

7039 Background: Docetaxel (Doc) remains the only FDA approved second line chemotherapy for NSCLC, but response rates and survival are low. Targeted therapies may hold more promise. NSCLC cells express a variety of tumor antigens, including the Lewis Y (Ley) antigen. SGN-15 is a novel antibody-drug conjugate that targets Ley, and delivers doxorubicin intracellularly. A multi-center randomized phase II study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the combination of SGN-15/Doc as second or third line treatment for patients with advanced NSCLC who have progressed after platinum-based chemotherapy. Methods: In this 2:1 randomized study, 62 patients (pts) were randomly assigned to SGN-15 200 –350 mg/m2 + Doc 35 mg/m2 or Doc alone. A course of therapy was defined as 6 weekly doses within an 8 week period with response evaluation every 8 weeks. Primary endpoint was survival with secondary endpoints including response, toxicity and quality of life, Results: Median overall survival was 7.3 months for pts on the combination arm and 5.9 months on the Doc arm. Probability of survival at one year was 35% and 21% respectively. The most frequent treatment related AEs include nausea, vomiting, anorexia and fatigue. The most frequent grade 3–4 AEs were nausea and vomiting in both arms (15% and 13% respectively in the combination arm and 5% for both in the Doc arm). Quality-of-life measures, including FACT-L and FACT-Taxane, were not significantly different between arms; however, patients treated with SGN-15/Doc tended to do better in most measurements. Pharmacokinetics of SGN-15 were evaluated in a subset of patients by ELISA for the antibody portion and by HPLC-MS for the doxorubicin portion. The kinetics of SGN-15 elimination were consistent with previous single agent data, suggesting little influence of Doc on SGN-15 PK. Conclusion: Overall survival and tolerability data for the combination of SGN-15/Doc are encouraging and the regimen merits further study. Updated survival data will be presented. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Seattle Genetics Seattle Genetics Seattle Genetics Seattle Genetics
Factors associated with survival of patients with solid Cancer alive after intensive care unit discharge between 2005 and 2013 (2021)

Abstract Background At intensive care unit (ICU) admission, the issue about prognosis of critically ill cancer patients is of clinical interest, especially after ICU discharge. Our objective was to assess the factors associated with 3- and 6-month survival of ICU cancer survivors. Methods Based on the French OutcomeRea™ database, we included solid cancer patients discharged alive, between December 2005 and November 2013, from the medical ICU of the university hospital in Grenoble, France. Patient characteristics and outcome at 3 and 6 months following ICU discharge were extracted from available database. Results Of the 361 cancer patients with unscheduled admissions, 253 (70%) were discharged alive from ICU. The main primary cancer sites were digestive (31%) and thoracic (26%). The 3- and 6-month mortality rates were 33 and 41%, respectively. Factors independently associated with 6-month mortality included ECOG performance status (ECOG-PS) of 3–4 (OR,3.74; 95%CI: 1.67–8.37), metastatic disease (OR,2.56; 95%CI: 1.34–4.90), admission for cancer progression (OR,2.31; 95%CI: 1.14–4.68), SAPS II of 45 to 58 (OR,4.19; 95%CI: 1.76–9.97), and treatment limitation decision at ICU admission (OR,4.00; 95%CI: 1.64–9.77). Interestingly, previous cancer chemotherapy prior to ICU admission was independently associated with lower 3-month mortality (OR, 0.38; 95%CI: 0.19–0.75). Among patients with an ECOG-PS 0–1 at admission, 70% ( n = 66) and 61% ( n = 57) displayed an ECOG-PS 0–2 at 3- and 6-months, respectively. At 3 months, 74 (55%) patients received anticancer treatment, 13 (8%) were given exclusive palliative care. Conclusions Factors associated with 6-month mortality are almost the same as those known to be associated with ICU mortality. We highlight that most patients recovered an ECOG-PS of 0–2 at 3 and 6 months, in particular those with a good ECOG-PS at ICU admission and could benefit from an anticancer treatment following ICU discharge.