gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Balance Training for Persons With Functionally Unstable Ankles (1999)

Study Design A nonrandomized 2-group pretest-posttest design. Objectives To determine the effects of a 4-week balance training program during stance on a single leg. Background Individuals who have experienced multiple episodes of inversion ankle sprains often participate in balance training programs. Balance training is performed to treat existing proprioceptive deficits and to restore ankle joint stability, presumably by retraining altered afferent neuromuscular pathways. The effectiveness of such programs on individuals with functionally unstable ankles has yet to be established. Methods and Measures Prior to and following training, subjects with self-reported functionally unstable ankles (5 women and 8 men, mean age = 21.9 ± 3.1 years) and nonimpaired subjects (6 women and 7 men, mean age = 21.2 ± 2.5 years) completed a static balance assessment for both limbs as well as the ankle joint functional assessment tool questionnaire (AJFAT). The subjects from both groups participated in a unilateral, multilevel, static and dynamic balance training program 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Subjects from the experimental group trained only the involved limb, and the nonimpaired group trained a randomly selected limb. A stability index (SI) was calculated during the balance assessment to indicate the amount of platform motion. Compared to low stability indices, high stability indices indicate greater platform motion during stance and therefore less stability. Results Following training, subjects from both groups demonstrated significant improvements in balance ability. When balance was assessed at a low resistance to platform tilt (stability level 2), the posttraining scores of both the subjects with unstable ankles (mean SI = 2.63 ± 1.92) and the nonimpaired subjects (mean SI = 2.69 ± 2.32) were significantly better than their pretraining scores (mean SIs = 5.93 ± 3.65 and 4.67 ± 3.43, respectively). Assessed at a high resistance to platform tilt (stability level 6), the posttraining scores of both subjects with unstable ankles (mean SI = 1.27 ± 0.66) and the nonimpaired subjects (mean SI = 1.37 ± 0.66) were significantly better than their pretraining scores (mean SIs = 2.30 ± 1.88 and 2.04 ± 1.43, respectively). Additionally, the posttraining AJFAT scores of subjects with unstable ankles (25.78 ± 3.80) and the nonimpaired subjects (29.15 ± 5.27) were significantly greater than their pretraining scores (17.11 ± 3.44 and 22.92 ± 5.22, respectively), indicating an overall improvement in perceived ankle joint functional stability. Conclusions This study suggests that balance training is an effective means of improving joint proprioception and single-leg standing ability in subjects with unstable and nonimpaired ankles. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1999;29:478–486.
9.6 A 1/2.3inch 12.3Mpixel with On-Chip 4.97TOPS/W CNN Processor Back-Illuminated Stacked CMOS Image Sensor (2021)

Within the Internet of Things (IoT) market, retail, smart city, and so on, the need for camera products which have Artificial Intelligence (AI) processing capabilities is growing. AI processing capability on such edge devices solves some issues of cloud-only computing systems, such as latency, cloud communication, processing cost, and privacy concerns. The market demand for smart cameras with AI processing capabilities includes small size, low cost, low power and ease of installation. However, conventional CMOS Image Sensors (CIS) only output the raw data of the captured image. Therefore, when developing a smart camera that has AI processing capabilities, it is necessary to utilize ICs that include an image signal processor (ISP), CNN processing, DRAM and so on. Unfortunately, this results in system solution that is larger, higher power and more costly.
The Rates of Reaction of Sodium Borohydride with Some Representative Ketones (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Rates of Reaction of Sodium Borohydride with Some Representative KetonesHerbert C. Brown and Katsuhiko. IchikawaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 3, 373–376Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00862a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00862a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1178Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Home hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis compared]. (2013)

The evolution of home dialysis marked the main steps in the progress of renal replacement therapy. From the origins when home hemodialysis was often the only alternative to death, to the advent and widespread use of peritoneal dialysis, the dream of kidney transplant as a solution to all problems (at least in the young), and ultimately the profound social and organizational changes that have led to a drastic reduction of home hemodialysis, we arrive at the present with the rediscovery of the clinical, rehabilitative and economic advantages of home dialysis. Seven experts from five different centers with different expertise in home dialysis report their opinions on the future of home dialysis in a ''noncontroversial controversy''. Beyond the sterile competition between peritoneal dialysis and home hemodialysis, the shared opinion is that the two methods may complement each other, allowing a tailored treatment for each patient and a tailored organization in each setting. The organizational solutions are many; the authors underline the importance of longer survival and better rehabilitation, and the ethical need of offering each patient a choice among all available treatments. Add to this the importance of dedicated educational programs targeted to physicians, nurses and patients alike and focused on self-care and patient empowerment. A new generation of dialysis machines, easier technical solutions, and financial incentives may strengthen motivations and simplify problems; all these elements may in the near future be combined in a joint effort to increase peritoneal dialysis and revive home hemodialysis in Italy.
Creating a Geographically Linked Brand for High-Quality Beef: A Case Study (2007)

Worldwide, a segment of consumers can afford to pay substantial price premiums for very high quality agricultural products with attributes those consumers value. At the same time, many U.S. farmers are producing these high-quality products but are not using market mechanisms that allow them to take fullest advantage of price premiums. This paper describes a pilot program developed to commercialize an origin-based collective brand for very high quality beef. We hypothesize that, if successful, the program would create potential for cattle producers to take fuller advantage of price premiums often captured elsewhere in the marketing channel. Specifically, the pilot program analyzed two mechanisms for differentiating and marketing very high quality beef: a certification mark (a type of U.S. trademark that links products to their geographic origin) and a USDA Process Verification Program (a federal program that allows producers to provide documented assurances to their customers that a stated set of minimum production standards are met). This paper describes how we identified target markets, defined product specifications and determined potential supply, protected property rights using the U.S. trademark system, prepared documentation for a USDA process verification program, and attempted to commercialize Iowa-80 Beef. We also discuss the costs and feasibility of small firms or producer groups obtaining and maintaining a certification mark and a process verification program. Finally, we discuss the challenges and lessons learned from attempting to brand and commercialize very high quality beef.
Comparison of sampling techniques for Bayesian parameter estimation (2013)

The posterior probability distribution for a set of model parameters encodes all that the data have to tell us in the context of a given model; it is the fundamental quantity for Bayesian parameter estimation. In order to infer the posterior probability distribution we have to decide how to explore parameter space. Here we compare three prescriptions for how parameter space is navigated, discussing their relative merits. We consider Metropolis-Hasting sampling, nested sampling and affine-invariant ensemble MCMC sampling. We focus on their performance on toy-model Gaussian likelihoods and on a real-world cosmological data set. We outline the sampling algorithms themselves and elaborate on performance diagnostics such as convergence time, scope for parallelisation, dimensional scaling, requisite tunings and suitability for non-Gaussian distributions. We find that nested sampling delivers high-fidelity estimates for posterior statistics at low computational cost, and should be adopted in favour of Metropolis-Hastings in many cases. Affine-invariant MCMC is competitive when computing clusters can be utilised for massive parallelisation. Affine-invariant MCMC and existing extensions to nested sampling naturally probe multi-modal and curving distributions.
Computing Equilibrium Chemical Compositions (1995)

Chemical Equilibrium With Transport Properties, 1993 (CET93) computer program provides data on chemical-equilibrium compositions. Aids calculation of thermodynamic properties of chemical systems. Information essential in design and analysis of such equipment as compressors, turbines, nozzles, engines, shock tubes, heat exchangers, and chemical-processing equipment. CET93/PC is version of CET93 specifically designed to run within 640K memory limit of MS-DOS operating system. CET93/PC written in FORTRAN.
Flow Dominance and Factorization of Transverse Momentum Correlations in Pb-Pb Collisions at the LHC (2017)

We present the first measurement of the two-particle transverse momentum differential correlation function, P_{2}≡⟨Δp_{T}Δp_{T}⟩/⟨p_{T}⟩^{2}, in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=2.76 TeV. Results for P_{2} are reported as a function of the relative pseudorapidity (Δη) and azimuthal angle (Δφ) between two particles for different collision centralities. The Δϕ dependence is found to be largely independent of Δη for |Δη|≥0.9. In the 5% most central Pb-Pb collisions, the two-particle transverse momentum correlation function exhibits a clear double-hump structure around Δφ=π (i.e., on the away side), which is not observed in number correlations in the same centrality range, and thus provides an indication of the dominance of triangular flow in this collision centrality. Fourier decompositions of P_{2}, studied as a function of the collision centrality, show that correlations at |Δη|≥0.9 can be well reproduced by a flow ansatz based on the notion that measured transverse momentum correlations are strictly determined by the collective motion of the system.
Stereoselektive Synthese von optisch aktivem Vincamin (1975)

Abstract Vincamine ( 13 ) was prepared from the aldehyde 8 in 5 steps using methyl dimethyl‐phosphono‐methoxy‐acetate as a synthon for the pyruvic ester residue. A method to convert apovincamine ( 12 ) into vincamine ( 13 ) has hen worked out. Optically active 8 was synthesized from ethyl‐malonaldehydic acid ethyl ester in 9 steps including optical revolution of the acid intermediate 3 by means of salt formation with L‐(+)‐pseudoephedrine. The two diastereomeric salts were distinguishable by NMR. in carbontetrachloride.
Direct manufacturing of CubeSat using 3-D digital printer and determination of its mechanical properties (2010)

The research and analysis in the structural optimization of Panel Line Modules detailed in this report has been undertaken by the Naval Postgraduate School in cooperation with the Northrop Grumman (Shipbuilding) Corporation. The focus of this research is to develop an optimization process for implementation and validation of engineering design choices in conjunction with the use of panel line module structures. The work contained herein will demonstrate the procedure, analysis and resulting design options using the design of experiments approach.
Integrated Microfluidic Membrane Transistor Utilizing Chemical Information for On-Chip Flow Control (2016)

Microfluidics is a great enabling technology for biology, biotechnology, chemistry and general life sciences. Despite many promising predictions of its progress, microfluidics has not reached its full potential yet. To unleash this potential, we propose the use of intrinsically active hydrogels, which work as sensors and actuators at the same time, in microfluidic channel networks. These materials transfer a chemical input signal such as a substance concentration into a mechanical output. This way chemical information is processed and analyzed on the spot without the need for an external control unit. Inspired by the development electronics, our approach focuses on the development of single transistor-like components, which have the potential to be used in an integrated circuit technology. Here, we present membrane isolated chemical volume phase transition transistor (MIS-CVPT). The device is characterized in terms of the flow rate from source to drain, depending on the chemical concentration in the control channel, the source-drain pressure drop and the operating temperature.
Phase III trial comparing initial chemoradiotherapy (intermittent cisplatin and infusional 5-FU) followed by gemcitabine vs gemcitabine alone in patients with locally advanced non metastatic pancreatic cancer. Preliminary results. (2006)

International audience
A 12 decades goniometric instrument for the comprehensive characterization of the spectral properties of thin-film filters (2016)

International audience
Saturation Height Methods and Their Impact on Volumetric Hydrocarbon in Place Estimates (2001)

Abstract The paper reviews four of the more popular saturation-height methods employed in the oil and gas industry, namely those proposed by Leverett, Johnson, Cuddy and Skelt. The advantages and drawbacks of each method are highlighted. Each technique is compared by investigating how accurately they model the saturation-height profiles of a Palaeocene oil well from the UK Central Graben and a Permian gas well from the UK Southern North Sea. Both wells have complete data sets including conventional core, SCAL and a comprehensive suite of electric logs. Besides comparing each of the methods on a well basis, the paper applies the resultant saturation-height relationships to the reservoir structures to see the effect on the computed hydrocarbon-in-place estimates. By moving to an areal field-wide basis, the effects of reservoir structural relief and the relative importance of the transition zone modelling is brought into focus.
Tobacco Seeds By-Product as Protein Source for Piglets (2013)

Tobacco seed cake is a by-product with interesting characteristics for animal nutrition, due to its high protein content. The focus of this study is to evaluate if tobacco seed cake, administered in feed, can affect principal serum metabolic parameters of weaned piglets in order to establish if it can be used as both a delivery system of edible vaccines and an alternative protein source in piglets diet. A total of 48 weaned piglets were divided in two homogeneous groups for weight, control (CG) and treatment (TG); TG and CG were fed ad libitum with two isoenergetic and isoproteic experimental diets (CP: 17.68% CG and 17.64% TG) differentiated for the inclusion of 4% of tobacco seed cake in the TG diet in replacement of wheat bran and soybean meal. Growth performances were evaluated and feed intake was measured weekly. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 20 and 43 to evaluate hematocrit and principal metabolic parameters, in order to assess the health status of the animals. The administration of tobacco did not impaire health status and growth performance of piglets. The use of bioenergy co-products from non-food crops may represent a good approach creating an integration between biofuel and food production, with consequent benefits for food security and environmental impact.
Use of the laryngeal mask airway in patients with severe muscular dystrophy who require sedation or anesthesia (2006)

Severe muscular dystrophy (MD) has historically led to death in early adulthood, due to mainly cardiopulmonary complications. However, with newer methods of cardiac and respiratory management, survival has improved, and patients with MD are more frequently undergoing procedures requiring deep sedation or anesthesia. Respiratory management of these patients during procedures is challenging; safe and effective options for respiratory support are needed. In this report, we describe our experience using the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) to provide respiratory support during deep sedation or anesthesia for eight patients with severe MD during the following medical procedures: eight percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placements, three lithotripsies, and placement of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. We also review the benefits and risks of the LMA in the context of other respiratory support options for people with MD, and the integral role of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) during induction of and recovery from deep sedation or general anesthesia.
<title>Ice cloud microphysical property retrieval using airborne two-frequency radars</title> (2004)

An algorithm to retrieve the optically thick ice cloud microphysical property profiles is developed by using the GSFC 9.6 GHz ER-2 Doppler Radar (EDOP) and the 94 GHz Cloud Radar System (CRS) measurements aboard the high-altitude ER-2 aircraft. In situ size distribution and total water content data from the CRYSTAL-FACE field campaign are used for algorithm development. To reduce uncertainty in calculated radar reflectivity factors (Ze) at these wavelengths, coincident radar measurements and size distribution data are used to guide the selection of mass-length relationship and to deal with the density and non-spherical effects of ice crystals on Ze. The algorithm is able to retrieve microphysical property profiles of optically thick ice clouds, such as, deep convective and anvil clouds, which are very challenge for single frequency radar and lidar. An example of retrieved microphysical properties of a deep convective cloud is presented.
Pulmonary Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: Correlation of Ventilation-Perfusion Scintigraphy, Chest Radiography, and CT with Pulmonary Function Tests (2000)

Scintigraphic and radiologic abnormalities are seen in a majority of patients with lymphangioleiomyomatosis. On ventilation scintigrams, a frequently seen speckling pattern may be related to accumulation of radionuclide in pulmonary cysts-a hallmark of the disease at CT. Findings with each imaging modality correlate with certain pulmonary functions.
Benefit of Computer-Aided Detection Analysis for the Detection of Subsolid and Solid Lung Nodules on Thin- and Thick-Section CT (2012)

Detection of GGO nodules and solid nodules is significantly improved with CAD. When interpretation is performed on thick sections, the benefit is greater when CAD marks are reviewed on thin rather than thick sections.
Pressure-driven Phase Transition in CaFeAsF at 40 and 300 K (2012)

We carried out systematic investigation of high pressure crystal structure and structural phase transition upto 46 GPa at 40 K and 25 GPa at 300 K in CaFeAsF using powder synchrotron x-ray diffraction experiments. Rietveld analysis of the diffraction data at 40 K reveals a structural phase transition from an orthorhombic to a monoclinic phase at Pc = 13.7 GPa, while increasing pressure. The transition to a lower symmetry phase (orthorhombic to monoclinic) in this 1111 compound under pressure is in contrast with the transition to a high symmetry phase (orthorhombic to tetragonal) as observed in the '122' type compounds. On heating from 40 K at high pressure, CaFeAsF undergoes a monoclinic to tetragonal phase transition around 25 GPa and 200 K. Further, it does not show any post-tetragonal phase transition, as observed in '122' compounds (CaFe2As2, BaFe2As2), and remains in the tetragonal phase upto 25 GPa at 300 K. The dPc/dT slope is found to be positive for CaFeAsF and CaFe2As2, unlike a negative gradient was found in case of BaFe2As2.
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in the VA population: What is the optimal treatment modality (2007)

15042 Introduction: Surgery for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has been the mainstay of treatment despite dismal outcome and significant surgical complications. There is no standard treatment modality for esophageal SCC. Methods: The VA (veteran affairs) Central Cancer Registry (VACCR) is a function of the Chief, Program Office for Oncology at VA Headquarters in Washington DC. We queried the VACCR database for all diagnosed squamous cell esophageal cancer cases between 1995 and 2005 using ICD codes 150–159. The data was transformed, entered and analyzed using SPSS v.13.0. We analyzed, in a retrospective fashion, survival in VA patients with early disease (stages 1–2), and locally advanced (stage 3) SCC comparing the treatment modality: chemoradiation alone (CRT), surgical resection alone (SUR) or trimodality therapy (TMT) which includes all three treatment options. Results: Out of a total of 6874 patients diagnosed with esophageal carcinoma, 2894 patients had SCC. A total of 433 patients were included in this study that were staged as 1–3 and had complete treatment information available. Baseline characteristics were not different between the three groups and are summarized in table 1 . Out of those, 57 (13.2%) received SUR, 323 (74.6%) CRT, and 53 (12.2%) TMT. Kaplan Meier analysis for median survival in early disease was 14 mo for SUR, 17 mo in CR, and 79 mo in TMT (p = 0.0288). There was no difference in survival among patients with locally advanced disease between the treatment groups (p = 0.7079) Conclusion: In VA patients with early esophageal SCC, TMT confers better survival than SUR or CRT. However, in patients with advanced disease, SUR, CRT and TMT groups showed comparable outcome. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Set Positive End-expiratory Pressure during Protective Ventilation Affects Lung Injury (2002)

Although generating higher plateau pressures, PEEP levels based on pressure-volume curve analysis were more effective in maintaining gas exchange and minimizing injury than PEEP based on adequate oxygenation. PEEP at 2 cm H(2)O above the lower inflection point was most effective.