gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improvements to the HAF solar wind model for space weather predictions (2001)

We have assembled and tested, in real time, a space weather modeling system that starts at the Sun and extends to the Earth through a set of coupled, modular components. We describe recent efforts to improve the Hakamada‐Akasofu‐Fry (HAF) solar wind model that is presently used in our geomagnetic storm prediction system. We also present some results of these improvement efforts. In a related paper, Akasofu [2001] discusses the results of the first 2 decades using this system as a research tool and for space weather predictions. One key goal of our efforts is to provide quantitative forecasts of geoeffective solar wind conditions at the L1 satellite point and at Earth. Notably, we are addressing a key problem for space weather research: the prediction of the north‐south component ( B z ) of the interplanetary magnetic field. This parameter is important for the transfer of energy from the solar wind to the terrestrial environment that results in space weather impacts upon society. We describe internal improvements, the incorporation of timely and accurate boundary conditions based upon solar observations, and the prediction of solar wind speed, density, magnetic field, and dynamic pressure. HAF model predictions of shock arrival time at the L1 satellite location are compared with the prediction skill of the two operational shock propagation models: the interplanetary shock propagation model (ISPM) and the shock‐time‐of‐arrival (STOA) model. We also show model simulations of shock propagation compared with interplanetary scintillation observations. Our modeling results provide a new appreciation of the importance of accurately characterizing event drivers and for the influences of the background heliospheric plasma on propagating interplanetary disturbances.
Wilms' tumor with an apparently balanced translocation t(X;18) resulting in deletion of the WTX gene (2007)

The recent description of a new X chromosome tumor suppressor gene, WTX, that is commonly inactivated in Wilms' tumor prompted us to examine the possible involvement of WTX in a case of Wilms' tumor containing an apparently balanced reciprocal translocation between chromosomes X and 18 (t(X;18)(q11;p11)). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of paraffin tumor sections indeed revealed a deletion of the WTX locus at Xq11. High-resolution array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) analysis of tumor DNA revealed a 1.5 Mb chromosome deletion encompassing the WTX gene at Xq11. No loss of genetic material was detected on chromosome 18. Interestingly, unlike most tumors with acquired chromosomal translocations, where a new fusion oncogene or promoter-oncogene fusion is created and drives tumor growth, the t(X;18) in this tumor appears to drive tumorigenesis via deletion of a tumor suppressor. This case demonstrates the importance of array CGH and FISH as adjuncts in tumor cytogenetics and in identifying pathogenic microdeletions in "balanced" translocations that are not truly balanced.
ChemInform Abstract: Silicon Nitride/Silicon Carbide Nanocomposite Materials. Part 2. Hot Strength, Creep, and Oxidation Resistance. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Design and Synthesis of Some Novel 2,3,4,5‐Tetrahydro‐1H‐pyrido[4,3‐b]indoles as Potential c‐Met Inhibitors (2012)

Abstract Since deregulation of the tyrosine‐kinase receptor c‐Met is implicated in several human cancers and is an attractive target for small‐molecule‐drug discovery, we report herein the synthesis of 2,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐8‐[1‐(quinolin‐6‐ylmethyl)‐1 H ‐1,2,3‐triazolo[4,5‐ b ]pyrazin‐6‐yl]‐1 H ‐pyrido[4,3‐ b ]indoles 4a – 4c and 2,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐8‐[3‐(quinolin‐6‐ylmethyl)‐1,2,4‐triazolo[4,3‐ b ]pyridazin‐6‐yl]‐1 H ‐pyrido[4,3‐b]indoles 5a – 5c . These indole derivatives demonstrated inhibition of c‐Met kinase activity. Concurrently, five key intermediates were synthesized. These compounds could be prepared in good yields.
Silicon Microring Modulator with Transparent Conductive Oxide Gate (2019)

We designed a novel microring modulator based on hybrid transparent conductive oxide-silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitor. Experimental results achieved large wavelength tunability of 100 pm/V and 3 dB modulation at 3V of V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp.</sub> Analysis indicates that 44 GHz sneed can be achieved by optimizing the electrode design.
SAT-150 Forkhead Box Protein O1 (foxo1) Regulates Hepatic Serine Protease Inhibitor B1 (serpinb1) Expression In A Cell Non-autonomous Fashion (2019)

Forkhead box O (FoxO) proteins are major targets of insulin action, and FoxO1 mediates insulin’s effects on hepatic glucose metabolism. We previously reported that serine protease inhibitor B1 (serpinB1) is a liver-secreted factor (hepatokine) that promotes adaptive β-cell proliferation in response to insulin resistance in liver-specific insulin receptor knockout (LIRKO) mice. Here, we report that FoxO1 promotes serpinB1 expression in hepatic insulin resistance in a cell non-autonomous manner. Mice lacking both the insulin receptor and FoxO1 in the liver (LIRFKO) exhibited lower β-cell mass than LIRKO mice due to attenuated β-cell proliferation. Hepatic expression of serpinb1mRNA and protein levels were increased in the LIRKO mice, whereas in the LIRFKO mice, these levels returned to those in control mice. Furthermore, liver-specific expression of constitutively active FoxO1 increased hepatic serpinB1 mRNA and protein levels. Conversely, serpinB1 mRNA and protein levels were reduced in FoxOKO mice lacking FoxO proteins in the liver. ChIP experiments indicated that FoxO1 binds to three distinct DNA sites located ~9 kb upstream of the serpinb1 gene in primary mouse hepatocytes and that this binding is enhanced in LIRKO hepatocytes. However, although adenoviral expression of wildtype or constitutively active FoxO1 and insulin treatment regulated other known FoxO1 target genes (IGFBP-1, PEPCK, G6Pase), it did not alter serpinB1 expression in mouse primary hepatocytes. These results indicate that liver FoxO1 promotes serpinB1 expression in hepatic insulin resistance and that cell non-autonomous mechanisms contribute to FoxO1-dependent effects on hepatic serpinB1 expression.
Effect of stir casting process parameters on tribological performance of Al6061-SiCp composite (2016)

In this study, the tribological performance of Al6061-SiCp&#13;\ncomposite is investigated considering the influence of stir&#13;\ncasting process parameters. The wear and frictional&#13;\ncharacteristics were studied using the dry reciprocating&#13;\nwear testing machine. Experimentation is generated through&#13;\nthe central composite design (CCD) using a four factor five&#13;\nlevel design plan. The process parameters (reinforcement&#13;\nfraction wt%, stirring speed rpm, processing temperature °C&#13;\nand processing time s) are examined using ANOVA and&#13;\nmultiple objective optimization (MOO) analysis. The result&#13;\nshows that stirring speed has the most significant&#13;\ncontribution in controlling the wear and friction&#13;\ncharacteristics. Confirmation test is also conducted to verify&#13;\nand validate the process parameters in order to optimize the&#13;\ntribological output. Moreover, characterization of the&#13;\ncomposite wear scar mechanism is performed using&#13;\nscanning electron microscope. This study provides an&#13;\neffective method of minimizing the tribological properties&#13;\nof Al6061-SiCp composite by optimizing the stir casting&#13;\nprocess parameters.
Diastereoselective reduction of chiral α-ketoamides derived from (S)-proline esters with sodium borohydride. Preparation of optically active α-hydroxy acids (1985)

Diastereoselective reductions of chiral α-ketoamides (3) derived from (S)-proline esters (2) with sodium borohydride were examined. Hydrolysis of the reduction products afforded optically active α-hydroxy acids (5) in good enantiomeric excesses (e.e.). The most influential factor of the asymmetric induction was the effect of using a mixed hydroxylic and non-hydroxylic solvent. The degree of asymmetric induction varied considerably with the ratio of alcohol and tetrahydrofuran (THF) in the mixed solvent. With aromatic ketoamides (3), higher asymmetric induction occurred in a mixed alcohol–THF solvent than in the corresponding individual solvents.
Syntheses and characterizations of thermally reworkable epoxy resins. Part I (1999)

To meet the need for reworkable epoxy resins, a series of cycloaliphatic diepoxides containing thermally cleavable carbamate linkages were synthesized and characterized. These materials were shown to undergo curing reactions with cyclic anhydride in a similar fashion as a commercial cycloaliphatic epoxide, except that the carbamate group within the diepoxides can act as the internal catalyst. Furthermore, cured samples of the formulations from these diepoxides started to decompose at lower temperatures, i.e., between 200–300°C as compared with 350°C for the cured sample of the commercial cycloaliphatic epoxide, which showed their potential to be used as reworkable underfill encapsulants in the electronic packaging area. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 2991–3001, 1999
On optimum phase-locked loop (1974)

In communication engineering the problem of synchronization is important and is usually achieved by use of a phase-locked loop. If for any reason synchronization is lost, then it is not only necessary that it be restored but it be done so in the shortest possible time. This paper considers precisely this problem. It is shown in Proposition 1 of the paper that the optimum non-linear device used in the feedback path of the phase-locked loop, which attains synchronization in the shortest possible time, is the ‘ oil-off ’ device. In § 3 approximation of this device by a continuous non-linear one is suggested and the corresponding results are presented both for fixed and variable input-phase angles. The conclusion of Proposition 1 is true under the assumption that the forward filter G IB an ideal low-pass filter. In § 4 steps are suggested for finding the optimal feedback device /∗ in case the filter G is not an ideal filter.
A low-noise high-precision operational amplifier (1981)

A low-noise high-precision operational amplifier has recently been fabricated in monolithic form with dielectric isolation. The amplifier exhibits a V/SUB OS/ of 10 /spl mu/V, V/SUB OS/T/SUB c/ of 0.3 /spl mu/V//spl deg/C, voltage gain of 140 dB with a 600 /spl Omega/ load, and an input noise voltage of 9 nV//spl radic/Hz. The settling time to within 0.01 percent of final value is 15 /spl mu/s for a 10 V pulse.
Deep Hashing Network for Efficient Similarity Retrieval (2016)

Due to the storage and retrieval efficiency, hashing has been widely deployed to approximate nearest neighbor search for large-scale multimedia retrieval. Supervised hashing, which improves the quality of hash coding by exploiting the semantic similarity on data pairs, has received increasing attention recently. For most existing supervised hashing methods for image retrieval, an image is first represented as a vector of hand-crafted or machine-learned features, followed by another separate quantization step that generates binary codes. However, suboptimal hash coding may be produced, because the quantization error is not statistically minimized and the feature representation is not optimally compatible with the binary coding. In this paper, we propose a novel Deep Hashing Network (DHN) architecture for supervised hashing, in which we jointly learn good image representation tailored to hash coding and formally control the quantization error. The DHN model constitutes four key components: (1) a sub-network with multiple convolution-pooling layers to capture image representations; (2) a fully-connected hashing layer to generate compact binary hash codes; (3) a pairwise cross-entropy loss layer for similarity-preserving learning; and (4) a pairwise quantization loss for controlling hashing quality. Extensive experiments on standard image retrieval datasets show the proposed DHN model yields substantial boosts over latest state-of-the-art hashing methods.
Supplementary Figure 1 from γ-H2AX Foci Formation as a Pharmacodynamic Marker of DNA Damage Produced by DNA Cross-Linking Agents: Results from 2 Phase I Clinical Trials of SJG-136 (SG2000) (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 105K, Measurement of γ-H2AX foci in lymphocytes (A) and xenograft tumor cells (B) following treatment of mice i.v. with either 0.15 or 0.3 mg/kg SJG-136. Samples were obtained at 2 and 24 hours and processed as described in materials and methods. Data are expressed as the % of cells which contain 0, 0-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20 or &gt;20 foci.&lt;/p&gt;
Invariant natural killer T cells in children with eosinophilic esophagitis (2013)

Summary Background Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an atopic disease characterized by eosinophilic inflammation in which dietary antigens (in particular, milk) play a major role. EoE is most likely a mixed IgE and non‐IgE food‐mediated reaction in which overexpression of Th2 cytokines, particularly IL‐13, play a major role; however, the cells responsible for IL‐13 overexpression remain elusive. Th2‐cytokines are secreted following the ligation of invariant natural killer T cell receptors to sphingolipids (SLs). Sphingolipids (SLs) are presented via the CD1d molecule on the INKTs surface. Cow's milk‐derived SL has been shown to activate iNKTs from children with IgE‐mediated food allergies to milk (FA‐MA) to produce Th2 cytokines. The role of iNKTs and milk‐SL in EoE pathogenesis is currently unknown. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the role of iNKTs and milk‐SL in EoE. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 10 children with active EoE (EoE‐A), 10 children with controlled EoE (EoE‐C) and 16 healthy controls (non‐EoE) were measured ex vivo and then incubated with α‐galactosylceramide (αGal) and milk‐SL. INKTs from peripheral blood (PB) and oesophageal biopsies were studied. Results EoE‐A children had significantly fewer peripheral blood iNKTs with a greater Th2‐response to αGal and milk‐SM compared with iNKTs of EoE‐C and non‐EoE children. Additionally, EoE‐A children had increased iNKT levels in oesophageal biopsies compared with EoE‐C children. Conclusion Milk‐SLs are able to activate peripheral blood iNKTs in EoE‐A children to produce Th2 cytokines. Additionally, iNKT levels are higher at the site of active oesophageal eosinophilic inflammation. Clinical Relevance This study suggests that sphingolipids (SLs) contained in milk may drive the development of EoE by promoting an iNKT‐cell‐mediated Th2‐type cytokine response that facilitates eosinophil‐mediated allergic inflammation.
TNet: a reliable system area network (1995)

A major departure from traditional I/O systems, TNet is a new system area network designed to support current and future needs for reliable, efficient communications among processors and peripherals. It is an extensible hardware-software layer that allows very large configurations by logically and physically isolating processor buses from I/O buses. TNet features wormhole routing, packet-switched transfers, and point-to-point links.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Visual Motion: From Cortex to Percept (2012)

A brown bear pads across a snowfield. It is watched (hopefully from a safe distance) by an observer. As the bear tramps through the snow, a bear-shaped patch of darkness is projected onto the back of the observer’s eye. The motion of this image across the observer’s otherwise brightly illuminated retina causes a series of changes in the activity of densely packed photoreceptors that are sensitive to changes in light intensity. The observer’s visual system can, as the bear progresses, perform the remarkable feat of computing its speed and direction of motion – and the speed and direction of each of the bear’s constituent parts from many million changes in neural firing rate. This ability has clear evolutionary advantages, and as such it has been widely selected for in the animal kingdom.
Average-case optimized technology mapping of one-hot domino circuits (2002)

This paper presents a technology mapping technique for optimizing the average-case delay of asynchronous combinational circuits implemented using domino logic and one-hot encoded outputs. The technique minimizes the critical path for common input patterns at the possible expense of making less common critical paths longer. To demonstrate the application of this technique, we present a case study of a combinational length decoding block, an integral component of an Asynchronous Instruction Length Decoder (AILD) which can be used in Pentium(R) processors. The experimental results demonstrate that the average-case delay of our mapped circuits can be dramatically lower than the worst-case delay of the circuits obtained using conventional worst-case mapping techniques.
The Relationship of Neurocognition and Negative Symptoms to Social and Role Functioning Over Time in Individuals at Clinical High Risk in the First Phase of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (2021)

Objectives: Impaired social, role, and neurocognitive functioning are preillness characteristics of people who later develop psychosis. In people with schizophrenia, neurocognition and negative symptoms are associated with functional impairment. We examined the relative contributions of neurocognition and symptoms to social and role functioning over time in clinically high-risk (CHR) individuals and determined if negative symptoms mediated the influence of cognition on functioning. Methods: Social, role, and neurocognitive functioning and positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms were assessed in 167 individuals at CHR for psychosis in the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study Phase 1 (NAPLS-1), of whom 96 were reassessed at 12 months. Results: Regression analyses indicated that negative symptoms accounted for unique variance in social and role functioning at baseline and follow-up. Composite neurocognition accounted for unique, but modest, variance in social and role functioning at baseline and in role functioning at follow-up. Negative symptoms mediated the relationship between composite neurocognition and social and role functioning across time points. In exploratory analyses, individual tests (IQ estimate, Digit Symbol/Coding, verbal memory) selectively accounted for social and role functioning at baseline and follow-up after accounting for symptoms. When negative symptom items with content overlapping with social and role functioning measures were removed, the relationship between neurocognition and social and role functioning was strengthened. Conclusion: The modest overlap among neurocognition, negative symptoms, and social and role functioning indicates that these domains make substantially separate contributions to CHR individuals.
Bayes Empirical Bayes (1981)

Abstract A Bayesian approach is given for various kinds of empirical Bayes problems. In particular it is shown that empirical Bayes procedures are really non-Bayesian, asymptotically optimal, classical procedures for mixtures. In some situations these procedures are Bayes with respect to some prior and in other situations, there is no prior for which they are Bayes. Several examples of these concepts are given as well as a general theory showing the difference between an empirical Bayes model and a Bayes empirical Bayes model.
Building an Effective Speech Corpus by Utilizing Statistical Multidimensional Scaling Method (2008)

This paper proposes a technique for building an effective speech corpus with lower cost by utilizing a statistical multidimensional scaling method. The statistical multidimensional scaling method visualizes multiple HMM acoustic models into two-dimensional space. At first, a small number of voice samples per speaker is collected; speaker adapted acoustic models trained with collected utterances, are mapped into two-dimensional space by utilizing the statistical multidimensional scaling method. Next, speakers located in the periphery of the distribution, in a plotted map are selected; a speech corpus is built by collecting enough voice samples for the selected speakers. In an experiment for building an isolated-word speech corpus, the performance of an acoustic model trained with 200 selected speakers was equivalent to that of an acoustic model trained with 533 non-selected speakers. It means that a cost reduction of more than 62% was achieved. In an experiment for building a continuous word speech corpus, the performance of an acoustic model trained with 500 selected speakers was equivalent to that of an acoustic model trained with 1179 non-selected speakers. It means that a cost reduction of more than 57% was achieved.
Spin-wave logical gates (2005)

A universal approach to spin-wave logic gates is presented. The feasibility of a spin-wave based NOT gate has been demonstrated experimentally. We propose to use a Mach–Zender-type current-controlled interferometer based on spin-wave propagation in a ferromagnetic film to construct logical gates. We investigate the performance of the main element of such interferometric logical gates—the controlled phase shifter implemented as a spin-wave device.
Crystal structure of pyridinium 1,1'-bis(4-hydroxy-pyrimid-6-on- 2-thion-5-yl)-1"-(4-nitrophenyl)methane methanol solvate monohydrate, (C5H6N)(C15H10N5O6S2) · CH3OH · H2O (2005)

Article Crystal structure of pyridinium 1,1'-bis(4-hydroxy-pyrimid-6-on- 2-thion-5-yl)-1"-(4-nitrophenyl)methane methanol solvate monohydrate, (C5H6N)(C15H10N5O6S2) · CH3OH · H2O was published on April 1, 2005 in the journal Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures (volume 220, issue 1-4).