gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deep Catalytic Oxidation of Aromatic Hydrocarbon Mixtures: Reciprocal Inhibition Effects and Kinetics (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDeep Catalytic Oxidation of Aromatic Hydrocarbon Mixtures: Reciprocal Inhibition Effects and KineticsAntonello A. Barresi and Giancarlo BaldiCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1994, 33, 12, 2964–2974Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00036a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00036a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views580Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Manufacturing Process and Material Selection During Conceptual Design (1997)

It is important to consider every possible alternative during the design process since design decisions will determine the feasible manufacturing processes and the final product costs. Determining feasible combinations of material and manufacturing processes during conceptual design is impeded since the requirements and product characteristics are only imprecisely known. It is becoming increasingly clear that the tremendous number of materials and manufacturing processes precludes an iterative single point search for alternatives. This paper presents an integrated material and manufacturing process selection procedure. A setbased approach is proposed where materials and processes are organized into a hierarchy. Sets are used to represent material group properties. A relational algebra capable of supporting imprecise queries on the database is introduced. This method allows the early identification of material and process alternatives. The alternatives are ranked enabling the designer to concentrate on those alternatives that have the greatest potential for balancing the product’s functional requirements with the economic concerns realized in manufacturing.
The Prostaglandin E2 E-Prostanoid 4 Receptor Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Brain Innate Immunity (2010)

Peripheral inflammation leads to immune responses in brain characterized by microglial activation, elaboration of proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species, and secondary neuronal injury. The inducible cyclooxygenase (COX), COX-2, mediates a significant component of this response in brain via downstream proinflammatory PG signaling. In this study, we investigated the function of the PGE2 E-prostanoid (EP) 4 receptor in the CNS innate immune response to the bacterial endotoxin LPS. We report that PGE2 EP4 signaling mediates an anti-inflammatory effect in brain by blocking LPS-induced proinflammatory gene expression in mice. This was associated in cultured murine microglial cells with decreased Akt and I-kappaB kinase phosphorylation and decreased nuclear translocation of p65 and p50 NF-kappaB subunits. In vivo, conditional deletion of EP4 in macrophages and microglia increased lipid peroxidation and proinflammatory gene expression in brain and in isolated adult microglia following peripheral LPS administration. Conversely, EP4 selective agonist decreased LPS-induced proinflammatory gene expression in hippocampus and in isolated adult microglia. In plasma, EP4 agonist significantly reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, indicating that peripheral EP4 activation protects the brain from systemic inflammation. The innate immune response is an important component of disease progression in a number of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In addition, recent studies demonstrated adverse vascular effects with chronic administration of COX-2 inhibitors, indicating that specific PG signaling pathways may be protective in vascular function. This study supports an analogous and beneficial effect of PGE2 EP4 receptor signaling in suppressing brain inflammation.
Structural and Functional Characterization of the TgDRE Multidomain Protein, a DNA Repair Enzyme from Toxoplasma gondii (2006)

The parasite Toxoplasma gondii expresses a 55 kDa protein or TgDRE that belongs to a novel family of proteins characterized by the presence of three domains, a human splicing factor 45-like motif (SF), a glycine-rich motif (G-patch), and a RNA recognition motif (RRM). The two latter domains are mainly known as RNA-binding domains, and their presence in TgDRE, whose partial DNA repair function was demonstrated, suggests that the protein could also be involved in the RNA metabolism. In this work, we characterized the structure and function of the different domains by using single or multidomain proteins to define their putative role. The SF45-like domain has a helical conformation and is involved in the oligomerization of the protein. The G-patch domain, mainly unstructured on its own as well as in the presence of the SF upstream and RRM downstream domains, is able to bind small RNA oligonucleotides. We also report the structure determination of the RRM domain from the NMR data. It adopts a classical betaalphabetabetaalphabeta topology consisting of a four-stranded beta sheet packed against two alpha helices but does not present the key residues for the RNA interaction. In contrast, our analysis shows that the RRM of TgDRE is not only unable to bind small RNA oligonucleotides but it also shares the protein-protein interaction characteristics with two unusual RRMs of the U2AF heterodimeric splicing factor. The presence of both RNA- and protein-binding domains seems to indicate that TgDRE could also be involved in RNA metabolism.
Dynamical Electric and Magnetic Metamaterial Response at Terahertz Frequencies (2006)

Utilizing terahertz time domain spectroscopy, we have characterized the electromagnetic response of a planar array of split ring resonators (SRRs) fabricated upon a high resistivity GaAs substrate. The measured frequency dependent magnetic and electric resonances are in excellent agreement with theory and simulation. For two polarizations, the SRRs yield a negative electric response (epsilon < 0). We demonstrate, for the first time, dynamical control of the electrical response of the SRRs through photoexcitation of free carriers in the substrate. An excited carrier density of approximately 4 x 10(16) cm(-3) is sufficient to short the gap of the SRRs, thereby turning off the electric resonance, demonstrating the potential of such structures as terahertz switches. Because of the universality of metamaterial response over many decades of frequency, these results have implications for other regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis of an Andean Potato Mottle Virus Middle Component RNA cDNA Clone: Comparisons of the Encoded Proteins with Those of Other Comoviruses (1993)

Andean potato mottle virus (APMV) is a comovirus whose genomic structure consists of two plus-strand RNA molecules (M- and B-RNA). Here we report the nucleotide sequence analysis of an APMV M-RNA cDNA clone with 3,669 nucleotide (nt) residues, exclusive of the polyadenylate at the 3' end, covering approximately 99% of the APMV M-RNA. The first initiation codon in register translates from nt 194 to 3185 a polyprotein of 997 amino acid (aa) residues. A second initiation codon in register, beginning at nt position 416, translates a polyprotein of 923 aa. The cleavage sites used in the processing of polyprotein were identified in the long open reading frame by N-terminal microsequencing of the large coat protein (LCP) and the small coat protein (SCP). These dipeptide cleavage sites are Q/M for the LCP and Q/F for the SCP. In a comparison of the deduced APMV polyprotein aa sequence with those of four other comoviruses, the coding regions for the putative movement protein, LCP and SCP, were found similar in length in all five species. Multiple alignment of the M-RNA sequences for each of the three genes from the five comoviruses revealed different degrees of homology. APMV was always the least homologous of the five comoviruses, showing significant aa substitutions in positions where the other comoviruses have identical residue or conservative substitutions.
HIGH SENSITIVITY CRDS OF CO2 IN THE 1.74 μM TRANSPARENCY WINDOW. A VALIDATION TEST FOR THE SPECTROSCOPIC DATABASES (2018)

The rotational spectra of five isotopic species of the Ar--SiO complex have been observed at high-spectral resolution between 8 and 18\\,GHz using chirped Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy and a discharge nozzle source; follow-up cavity measurements have extended these measurements to as high as 35\\,GHz. The spectra of the normal species is dominated by a strong progression of $a$-type rotational transitions arising from increasing quanta in the Si--O stretch. A rotational analysis of these lines and a hyperfine analysis of Ar--Si$^{17}$O suggest that the complex is a highly fluxional prolate symmetric rotor with a vibrationally-averaged structure close to T-shaped in which the oxygen atom lies closer to argon than the silicon atom, much like Ar--CO. Newly performed calculations of the rovibrational level pattern are in good agreement with the experimentally-derived rotational constants of normal and isotopic Ar--SiO up to $v$=12 ($\\sim$14,500\\,cm$^{-1}$) in the Si--O stretch\\, suggesting that the present theoretical treatment well reproduces the salient properties of the intramolecular potential.
<title>Fiber array optical-coupling design issues for photonic beam formers</title> (1996)

Novel two-dimensional (2-D) optical polarization switching array-based photonic time delay units (PTDUs) have been introduced for phased array antenna and wideband signal processing applications. The use of low loss optical fibers allows remoting of the photonic beamformer, along with providing a compact, lightweight, and low electromagnetic interference (EMI) microwave frequency signal interconnection and distribution method, such as needed for very large aperture wide instantaneous bandwidth phased array antennas/radars. However, there are losses associated with multiple fiber interconnects that limit the maximum number of array channels in these systems. Thus, accurate analysis of such losses is crucial to the design of an optimal photonic fiber-based system. In this paper, we present theoretical design and simulation results on optical fiber array interconnects for our 2-D N bit M channel photonic beamformer for wideband phased array antennas. In addition, we discuss an alignment technique for the large channel count fiber arrays proposed for our beamformer that uses V-grooved silicon wafers. Note that these precise V- groove structures are fabricated via crystallographic perfection of the substrate, accurate alignment of the etch pattern with respect to the crystal planes, and optimized etch conditions. This paper discusses these and other fiber array issues.
Prospects for increasing supply voltage and design of electrical field rotating machine windings supplied from power electronics (2020)

As mentioned in a recent editorial in this magazine [1], distributed generation (renewables), automotive and, in general, transport and industrial utilization are fast changing the structure of electrical assets as well as the typologies and design of electrical apparatus. This is due mostly to the more widespread use of renewable generation and the electrification of transport, including power electronic converters and inverters, which can provide higher voltage, lower losses and make the asset more efficient and power dense. In the long run, medium voltage (MV) transformers will tend to disappear and perhaps high voltage (HV) transformers may be endangered. The future typical industrial, transport and, likely, T&D assets will be made by hybrid networks where power will be delivered in AC or DC, depending on convenience, and most of the loads (rotating machines) will be controlled by power electronics.
VASCULAR BUNDLES IN PETIOLES OF SOME HERBACEOUS AND WOODY DICOTYLEDONS (1983)

Structure and distribution of vascular bundles (VB) have been investigated in petioles of 26 herbaceous and woody dicotyledons. No single pattern of vascular bundle distribution could be found for both groups of plants. Both groups of plants had VB patterns ranging from a cylinder to separate bundles arranged in a variety of patterns, e.g., distorted cylinder, various configurations of a crescent, and other types. The total number of xylem vessels in herbaceous and woody plant petioles varied between 110 and 1756.
Human matrix metalloproteinase specificity studies using collagen sequence-based synthetic peptides (1996)

The matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)/matrixin family has been implicated in both normal tissue remodeling and a variety of diseases associated with abnormal turnover of extracellular matrix components. To better understand MMP behaviors and to aid in the design of MMP inhibitors, a variety of sequence specificity studies have been performed using collagen sequence-based peptides and MMP family members. Results of these studies have been valuable for defining the differences in MMPs and for creating fluorogenic substrates that can continuously monitor MMP activity. However, these studies have also demonstrated that these peptides may not be very good models of native MMP substrates, and that the additivity principle is not always applicable for designing synthetic MMP substrates.
5 - Time-course Pattern of Neuronal Death and Gliosis in Gerbil Hippocampi induced by Mild, Severe and Lethal Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia (2019)

Background: Transient ischemia (TI) in whole brain brings selective neuronal death in vulnerable areas of the brain: the striatum, neocortex and hippocampus selectively loose specific neurons after TI. Just 5 min of TI causes pyramidal neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 field (CA1) from 4 days after TI. In this study, we examined the impact of severity of TI on neuronal death and gliosis (astrocytosis and microgliosis) in subregions (CA1-3 fields and dentate gyrus) of the gerbil hippocampal formation after 5 min (mild), 15 min (severe) and 20 min (lethal) TI by bilateral carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO). Methods: We used cresyl violet staining for cellular distribution, neuronal nuclei immunohistochemistry for neuronal distribution and Fluoro-Jade B histofluorescence for neuronal death. In addition, we used glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1) immunohistochemistry for astrocytosis and microgliosis, respectively. Results: First of all, we found that animals with 20 min BCCAO died in at least 2 days after 20 min BCCAO. This study showed that 15 min BCCAO evoked pyramidal cell death in the CA1-3 from 2 days after TI and granule cell death in the dentate gyrus at 5 days after TI: this was not found in animals with 5 min BCCAO. In addition, gliosis was much more rapidly and severely progressed in the animals with 15 min BCCAO than that in the animals with 5 min BCCAO. Conclusion: Our results indicate that neuronal loss in the hippocampal formation following TI was significantly different according to subfields and severity of TI.
Perinatal Factors Related to Negative or Positive Recall of Birth Experience in Women 3 Years Postpartum in the Netherlands (2008)

A substantial proportion of Dutch women looked back negatively on their birth experience 3 years postpartum. Further research needs to be undertaken to understand women's expectations and experiences of birth within the Dutch maternity system and an examination of maternity care changes designed to reduce or modify controllable factors that are associated with negative recall.
EMailAnalyzer : an e-mail mining plug-in for the ProM framework (2007)

Increasingly information systems log historic information in a systematic way. Work°ow management systems, but also ERP, CRM, SCM, and B2B systems often provide a so-called \event log, i.e., a log recording the execution of activities. Thus far, process mining has been focusing on such structured event logs resulting in powerful analysis tech- niques and tools for discovering process, control, data, organizational, and social structures from event logs. Unfortunately, many work pro- cesses are not supported by systems providing structured logs. Instead very basic tools such as a text editors, spreadsheets, and e-mail are used. This report explores the application of process mining to e-mail, i.e., un- structured or semi-structured e-mail messages are converted in event logs suitable for the application of process mining tools. This report presents the tool EMailAnalyzer which analyzes and transforms e-mail messages in MS Outlook to a format that can be used by our process mining tools. The main innovative aspect of this work is that our analysis is not re- stricted to the social network, the main goal is to discover interaction patterns and processes.
Writing community: a humanism curriculum with an academic lens (2011)

Explicit teaching of humanism is a goal of education reform, but specific strategies to do so are limited. The authors developed a longitudinal third-year medical student curriculum combining reflective and academic writing with literary reading and reflection to i) improve writing skills, ii) enhance scholarly activities, and iii) foster humanism in patient care. From 2005-2007, 24 third year Harvard Medical School (HMS) participated in a writing program at this hospital. All students completed pre/post surveys and qualitative assessments of the writing program. Students felt better-equipped to access resources (P=0.03), conduct a literature review (P
Neutronics Analysis of the Laboratory Microfusion Facility (1989)

The radiological safety hazards of the experimental area (EA) for the proposed Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) Laboratory Microfusion Facility (LMF) have been examined. The EA includes those structures required to establish the proper pre-shot environment, point the beams, contain the pellet yield, and measure many different facets of the experiments. The radiation dose rates from neutron activation of representative target chamber materials, the laser beam tubes and the argon gas they contain, the air surrounding the chamber, and the concrete walls of the experimental area are given. Combining these results with the allowable dose rates for workers, we show how radiological considerations affect access to the inside of the target chamber and to the diagnostic platform area located outside the chamber. Waste disposal and tritium containment issues are summarized. Other neutronics issues, such as radiation damage to the final optics and neutron heating of materials placed close to the target, are also addressed.
Efficient Active-Mirror Laser Oscillator with a Cooled Yb:YAG Ceramics (2006)

30W active-mirror oscillator with a liquid-nitrogen-cooled Yb:YAG ceramics has been demonstrated in quasi-cw diode pump. The optical efficiency and slope efficiency were high at 62% and 71%, respectively, in both of free-running and Q-switching operation.
Spherically Imploding Plasma Liners as a Standoff Driver for Magnetoinertial Fusion (2012)

Spherically imploding plasma liners formed by merging an array of high Mach number plasma jets are a proposed standoff driver for magnetoinertial fusion (MIF). This paper gives an updated concept-level overview of plasma liner MIF, including advanced notions such as standoff methods for forming and magnetizing the fuel target and liner shaping to optimize dwell time. Results from related 1-D radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of targetless plasma liner implosions are summarized along with new analysis on the efficiency of conversion of the initial liner kinetic energy to stagnation thermal energy. The plasma liner experiment (PLX), a multi-institutional collaboration led by the Los Alamos National Laboratory, plans to explore the feasibility of forming spherically imploding plasma liners via 30 merging plasma jets. In the near term, with modest pulsed power stored energy of ≲1.5 MJ, PLX is focusing on the generation of centimeter-, microsecond-, and megabar-scale plasmas for the fundamental study of high energy density laboratory plasmas. In the longer term, PLX can enable a research and development path to plasma liner MIF ultimately requiring compressing magnetized fusion fuel to ≳100 Mbar.
UV emission on a Si substrate: Optical and structural properties of γ‐CuCl on Si grown using liquid phase epitaxy techniques (2009)

Abstract Considerable research is being carried out in the area of wide band gap semiconductor materials for light emission in the 300–400 nm spectral range. Current materials being used for such devices are typically based on II–VI and III‐nitride compounds and variants thereof. However, one of the major obstacles to the successful fabrication of III‐N devices is lattice mismatch‐induced high dislocation densities for epitaxially grown layers on non‐native substrates. γ‐CuCl is a direct bandgap material and an ionic wide bandgap I–VII semiconductor with a room temperature free exciton binding energy of ∼190 meV (compared to ∼25 meV and ∼60 meV for GaN and ZnO, respectively) and has a band gap of 3.4 eV ( λ ∼ 366 nm). The lattice constant of γ‐CuCl (0.541 nm) is closely matched to that of Si (0.543 nm). This could, in principle, lead to the development of optoelectronic systems based on CuCl grown on Si. Research towards this end has successfully yielded polycrystalline γ‐CuCl on Si(100) and Si(111) using vacuum‐based deposition techniques [1]. We report on developments towards achieving single crystal growth of CuCl from solution via Liquid Phase Epitaxy (LPE) based techniques. Work is being carried out using alkali halide flux compounds to depress the liquidus temperature of the CuCl below its solid phase wurtzite‐zincblende transition temperature (407 °C [2]) for solution based epitaxy on Si substrates. Initial results show that the resulting KCl flux‐driven deposition of CuCl onto the Si substrate has yielded superior photoluminescence (PL) and X‐ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL) behavior relative to comparitively observed spectra for GaN or polycrystalline CuCl. This enhancement is believed to be caused by an interaction between the KCl and CuCl material subsequent to the deposition process, perhaps involving a reduction in Cl vacancy distributions in CuCl. This paper presents a detailed discussion of a CuCl LPE growth system as well as the characterization of deposited materials using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), room temperature and low temperature PL, and XEOL. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Performance of Channel Inversion Schemes for Multi-User OFDMA (2005)

A novel multi-user diversity scheme for OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing access) is described which alleviates the need of feedback and provides substantial improvements in non-cooperative environments. The algorithm exploits the reciprocity of the channel and enables a user to send reliably data at a prescribed rate knowing only its channel. Moreover, analytical expressions of the cell spectral efficiency are derived in the asymptotic regime (high number of carriers) for two filter types: matched filter and optimum filter. Discussions are also provided for various channel models