gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Melting Behavior of Poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-Polybutadiene Copolymers (1999)

The melting behavior of poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-polybutadiene (PCL-b-PB) copolymers, crystallized at various temperatures Tc from the melt (homogeneous state or microphase-separated state), has been studied by small-angle X-ray scattering with synchrotron radiation (SR−SAXS). The strong SR−SAXS intensity peak changed into a sharp diffraction or a diffuse peak on heating, indicating a morphological transition from the lamellar morphology (an alternating structure consisting of crystallized lamellae and amorphous layers) into the microdomain structure or the homogeneous melt. The melting process of PCL-b-PB was extremely different from that of the poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) homopolymer; the long spacing of the lamellar morphology in PCL-b-PB, which depended significantly on Tc, remained constant or decreased slightly on heating, whereas that in PCL increased steadily. The morphological change in PCL-b-PB and PCL under the different thermal treatments was quantitatively investigated by SAXS and DSC. Details of the lamellar morphology initially formed in PCL-b-PB were determined mainly by the nonequilibrium crystallization of the PCL block at Tc, as in the case of PCL, but the subsequent heating did not alter this morphology, owing probably to the competition between the lamellar thickening and the contraction of the PB block existing between PCL lamellae, resulting in the characteristic melting behavior of PCL-b-PB.
The nuclear-coded subunits of yeast cytochrome c oxidase. The amino acid sequences of subunits VII and VIIa, structural similarities between the three smallest polypeptides of the holoenzyme, and implications for biogenesis. (1986)

The complete amino acid sequences of subunits VII and VIIa from yeast cytochrome c oxidase are reported. Subunits VII and VIIa are 57 residues (Mr = 6603) and 54 residues (Mr = 6303) in length, respectively. Both polypeptides are amphiphilic, have an internal hydrophobic section and hydrophilic NH2 and COOH termini, and terminate at their COOH termini with a basic amino acid. This structural motif is similar to that possessed by subunit VIII of yeast cytochrome c oxidase. All three polypeptides have hydrophobic sections which are long enough to span the inner membrane; all three polypeptides lack methionine at their NH2 termini; and all three polypeptides have COOH termini which could result from proteolysis by a protease with trypsin or cathepsin B-like activity. These observations raise the interesting possibility that subunits VII, VIIa, and VIII are transmembranous polypeptides which are processed at both their NH2 and COOH termini during their biogenesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Oxidations. Part 6. Total Synthesis of Hallachrome and Related 1,2‐Anthraquinones. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Quality measures for embedded systems and their application to control and certification (2006)

Distributed, real-time embedded (DRE) systems, such as that being developed under the DARPA Adaptive Reflective Middleware System (ARMS) program, require predictable, controlled real-time behavior. It is a challenge to develop ways to measure and evaluate the quality, or utility, of DRE system performance in the context of the dynamic, unpredictable environments in which they operate. This difficulty runs hand-in-hand with the challenge of providing adequate control of the system to effect behavior in the system that will allow the controlled system to be certified as exhibiting correct behavior. As part of the ARMS program, we have been developing utility-based measures of system quality for assessing correct behavior of a system and for driving feedback control at runtime. This paper describes the real-time utility measures we have developed for ARMS and their use as feedback signals to a control system that manages the dynamic allocation of resources to applications in the system. We then explore the issues associated with using utility-based assessment as part of an evidence-based certification process for dynamic real-time systems.
Alexander Garden: A Linnaean in South Carolina and Captain Baker’s Eels (2011)

The previous chapter showed the first of the important North American contributions to the electric fish story, specifically a series of experiments conducted by members of the American Philosophical Society, including one showing that the discharge from an eel could jump a minute gap in a wire, even though no spark was perceived at that time. This chapter now turns to what transpired in South Carolina, and specifically the role played by Alexander Garden in the continuing saga of how these eels increasingly became to be perceived as electrical in America and in Europe. Garden was an ardent follower of Carl Linnaeus, and although not an experimentalist of the first rank, he was a superb naturalist with exceptionally sharp eyes who was very interested in classification and preservation, especially when it came to nature's oddities from the New World.
N -ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor is required for the synaptic incorporation and removal of AMPA receptors during cerebellar long-term depression (2004)

Cerebellar long-term depression (LTD) is a persistent attenuation of synaptic transmission at the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapse mediated by the removal of GluR2 subunit-containing alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors. The removal of AMPA receptors requires protein kinase C phosphorylation of the GluR2 subunit within its carboxyl-terminal PSD-95/Discs Large/Zona Occludens-1 (PDZ) ligand and binding of the PDZ domain-containing protein, PICK1. The sequence of the GluR2 subunit is similar to that of the GluR3 and GluR4c subunits, which also contain PDZ ligands and protein kinase C consensus sites. Although GluR3 and GluR4c are also expressed in Purkinje cells, we have previously shown that cerebellar LTD is absent in GluR2(-/-) mice, suggesting that these subunits are unable to substitute functionally for GluR2. Here, we examine the apparent difference in the regulation of these AMPA receptor subunits by attempting to rescue LTD in GluR2(-/-) Purkinje cells with WT and mutant GluR2 and GluR3 subunits. Our results show that the selective interaction of the GluR2 subunit with the N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor protein is required for synaptic, but not extrasynaptic, incorporation of AMPA receptors as well as for their competence to undergo LTD. In addition, perfusion of a synthetic peptide that acutely disrupts the interaction of GluR2 with N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor selectively depletes GluR2-containing receptors from synapses and occludes LTD. These findings demonstrate that interaction of AMPA receptors with N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor plays a critical role in incorporation of AMPA receptors into synapses and for their subsequent removal during cerebellar LTD.
Outcome Comparison between Free and Pedicled TRAM Flap Breast Reconstruction in the Obese Patient (2001)

Discussion by Carolyn L. Kerrigan, M.D. Received for publication April 5, 2001. Carolyn L. Kerrigan, M.D. Section of Plastic Surgery Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center One Medical Center Drive Lebanon, N.H. 03756[email protected]
Electrical transient study of negative resistance in SOI MOS transistors (1990)

Using electrical transients, we have investigated the negative resistance observed in the output characteristics at high gate voltages in MOS transistors made in SOI films. We show experimentally that this effect is due to a temperature rise in the device itself. This results from the poor thermal conductivity of the buried oxide of the SOI structure.
Genetic dissection of vasculitis in MRL/lpr lupus mice: a novel susceptibility locus involving theCD72c allele (2000)

An MRL/MpJ strain of mice bearing the Fas deletion mutant gene, lpr (MRL/lpr), composed of genomes derived from LG/J, AKR/J, C3H/Di and C57BL/6J mice, develops systemic vasculitis coincidentally with other collagen diseases, but a C3H/HeJ-lpr/lpr (C3H/lpr) strain does not. In a genome-wide screening of the MRL background genes mediating susceptibility to collagen diseases using N2 progeny mice MRL/lpr x (MRL/lpr x C3H/lpr)F1, we previously found that each collagen disease is controlled by a different set of genes. To clarify the candidate genes for vasculitis, we extended the linkage analysis of renal vasculitis to a larger number of N2 mice and to F2 intercross mice. Two distinct recessive susceptibility loci for vasculitis were mapped on chromosome (Chr) 4 at D4Mit89 and D4Mit147 in both progenies. The former was a novel locus for lupus phenotypes, which involved the MRL allele CD72(c) in contrast to the C3H allele CD72(b). The one on Chr 3 was a recessive locus which had an inhibitory effect on vasculitis. From their composition these loci seemed to be derived from AKR/J (for one) and LG/J (for another two) strains, and appeared to act in an additive manner on the development of vasculitis, indicating that vasculitis in MRL/lpr mice is inherited in a polygenic manner.
Can Intravenous β-Blockade Predict Long-Term Hemodynamic Benefit in Chronic Congestive Heart Failure Secondary to Ischemic Heart Disease? (1992)

Several studies have demonstrated the long-term beneficial effects of beta-blockers in the treatment of congestive heart failure. Despite interest in this mode of therapy, clinical application of beta-blockers has been limited due to their negative inotropic effect. A subset of the heart failure patients do not show improvements with standard beta-blocker therapy. Carvedilol, a new nonselective beta-blocking agent with concurrent alpha-blocking properties, was evaluated in 17 patients with chronic heart failure secondary to ischemic heart disease. All had resting left ventricular ejection fraction less than or equal to 45% and were maintained on diuretic therapy. Acute hemodynamic measurements were made after administration of intravenous carvedilol (2.5-7.5 mg) and after chronic therapy for 8 weeks (12.5 to 50 mg b.i.d.). Radionuclide ventriculography, ambulatory intra-arterial blood pressure monitoring, and right heart catheterization were performed before and after 8 weeks of chronic therapy. Twelve patients completed the study (five were withdrawn). Symptomatic and hemodynamic improvements were demonstrated in 11 of the 12 patients after 8 weeks of therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Cardiac dysfunction caused by purified human C3a anaphylatoxin. (1985)

The purpose of this investigation was to define the cardiac effects of complement-derived C3a anaphylatoxin, in view of the possibility that cardiac dysfunction may occur as a result of complement activation. Purified human C3a was administered by intracoronary bolus injections into isolated guinea pig hearts. As a function of dose, C3a caused tachycardia, impairment of atrioventricular conduction, left ventricular contractile failure, coronary vasoconstriction, and histamine release. These effects were abolished by cleavage of the COOH-terminal arginine by carboxypeptidase B. The magnitude of C3a-induced tachycardia correlated with the amount of endogenous cardiac histamine released into the coronary effluent. Whereas the tachycardia was markedly reduced by the histamine H2 antagonist cimetidine, the contractile failure and the coronary vasoconstriction caused by C3a were antagonized by the leukotriene antagonist FPL 55712 and by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin, respectively. This suggests that histamine, leukotrienes, and vasoactive prostanoates may mediate the various cardiac effects of C3a. Our findings indicate that C3a anaphylatoxin has marked cardiac effects at concentrations that are likely to be attained with a degree of C3 activation commonly seen in various disease states. Thus, our data are compatible with the hypothesis that generation of anaphylatoxins may induce cardiac dysfunction in clinical conditions.
Selective Transfer Hydrogenation of Carbonyl Compounds by Ruthenium Nanoclusters Supported on Alkali‐Exchanged Zeolite β. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Impact of Compiler-based Data-Prefetching Techniques on SPEC OMP Application Performance (2005)

In this paper, we evaluate the benefits achievable from software data-prefetching techniques for OpenMP* C/C++ and Fortran benchmark programs, using the framework of the Intel production compiler for the Intel/spl reg/ Itanium/spl reg/ 2 processor. Prior work on software data-prefetching study has primarily focused on benchmark performance in the context of a few software data-prefetching schemes developed in research compilers. In contrast, our study is to examine the impact of an extensive set of software data-prefetching schemes on the performance of multi-threaded execution using a full set of SPEC OMPM2001 applications with a product compiler on a commercial multiprocessor system. This paper presents performance results showing that compiler-based software data-prefetching supported in the Intel compiler results in significant performance gain, viz., 11.88% to 99.85% gain for 6 out of 11 applications, 3.83% to 6.96% gain for 4 out of 11 applications, with only one application obtaining less than 1% gain on an Intel/spl reg/ Itanium/spl reg/ 2 processor based SGI Altix* 32-way shared-memory multiprocessor system.
An Effective Content Based Web Page Ranking Approach (2012)

Today, web has become a most popular trend in terms of availability of rich contents related to almost every field of life. Nowadays, it is emerged as a most demanding tool for searching and retrieving information over a large repository of web contents. Content or resource searching always has been very important for scientists and research scholars. Today, market is full of different search tools over web having noticeable diversity in terms of functioning and the end search results. Given a query, search tools normally return a large number of relevant web pages. To be more effective, the returned pages must be ranked according to their relevancy with respect to the user’s query. Page Rank and Weighted Page Rank Algorithms give the efficient result but these algorithms are query independent algorithms as these are based on the web structure mining. In order to give more efficient result, this paper presents a new algorithm which considers web structure mining and web content mining towards ranking of web pages in accordance to the relevancy of the user’s query.
Reactivity of rat monoclonal antibody CAMPATH‐1 with human leukaemia cells and its possible application for autologous bone marrow transplantation (1985)

The rat monoclonal antibody CAMPATH-1 recognizes a hitherto undefined antigen present on virtually all normal lymphocytes and monocytes. Its reactivity with 105 samples of fresh leukaemic cells and 13 cell lines was measured by indirect fluorescence and peroxidase staining to define in more detail which stages of differentiation it recognizes. It was found to bind to cells from virtually all cases of lymphoid leukaemia (B cell CLL, T cell ALL, cALL and the few examples of HCL, PLL, Sezary syndrome and CGL in lymphoid blast crisis). The single case of cALL in relapse and four of six cases of null ALL were negative. Binding to non-lymphoid leukaemia cells (AML, AMML, AMoL, APL, AEL and CGL in blast crisis) was weaker or undetectable. Binding to established lymphoid cell lines was generally weak compared with fresh cells but some lines (MOLT4, DAUDI and X308) expressed adequate amounts of antigen to be lysed by CAMPATH-1 with human complement. Because CAMPATH-1 is very effective at killing lymphocytes in the presence of human complement, it has been used for removal of T cells in allogeneic transplants. The present results suggest that it might also have a role in purging bone marrow of leukaemia cells prior to autologous transplantation for acute lymphocytic leukaemia.
Ras – ein molekularer Schalter bei der Tumorentstehung (2000)

Das GTP-hydrolysierende Protein Ras ist das Produkt eines Proto-Onkogens, das in 20–30 % aller menschlichen Tumoren mutiert vorkommt. Es bindet GDP/GTP mit hoher Affinität und weist in Gegenwart von GTPase-aktivierenden Proteinen (GAP) eine hohe GTP-Hydrolyse-Aktivität auf. Das proto-onkogene „normale“ Ras fungiert als regulierter molekularer Schalter in Signaltransduktionswegen, die Zellwachstum, Zelldifferenzierung, Apoptose und weitere zelluläre Ereignisse beeinflussen. Ras wechselt dabei zwischen zwei Zuständen, in denen es entweder GTP gebunden hat (Schalterstellung „ein“) oder das GTP zu GDP hydrolysiert ist (Schalterstellung „aus“). Die onkogenen Varianten von Ras enthalten Punktmutationen, die die GTPase-Aktivität in Gegenwart und Abwesenheit von GAP blockieren. Dies wiederum behindert den Übergang von der GTP- zur GDP-Form, führt zu einer Akkumulation von aktivem Ras und trägt damit zur Tumorentstehung bei. Um die molekularen Grundlagen der Schalterfunktion von Ras-Proteinen zu verstehen und gegen Ras gerichtete Antitumorwirkstoffe zu entwickeln, wurden große Anstrengungen unternommen.
Unsteady heat transfer under phase change in a heterogeneous sample (2006)

International audience
Blockchain-based prosumer incentivization for peak mitigation through temporal aggregation and contextual clustering (2021)

Peak mitigation is of interest to power companies as peak periods may require the operator to over provision supply in order to meet the peak demand. Flattening the usage curve can result in cost savings, both for the power companies and the end users. Integration of renewable energy into the energy infrastructure presents an opportunity to use excess renewable generation to supplement supply and alleviate peaks. In addition, demand side management can shift the usage from peak to off-peak times and reduce the magnitude of peaks. In this work, we present a data driven approach for incentive-based peak mitigation. Understanding user energy profiles is an essential step in this process. We begin by analysing a popular energy research dataset published by the Ausgrid corporation. Extracting aggregated user energy behavior in temporal contexts and semantic linking and contextual clustering give us insight into consumption and rooftop solar generation patterns. We implement, and performance test a blockchain-based prosumer incentivization system. The smart contract logic is based on our analysis of the Ausgrid dataset. Our implementation is capable of supporting 792,540 customers with a reasonably low infrastructure footprint.
Arrangement of the Clostridium baratii F7 Toxin Gene Cluster with Identification of a σ Factor That Recognizes the Botulinum Toxin Gene Cluster Promoters (2014)

Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is the most poisonous substances known and its eight toxin types (A to H) are distinguished by the inability of polyclonal antibodies that neutralize one toxin type to neutralize any of the other seven toxin types. Infant botulism, an intestinal toxemia orphan disease, is the most common form of human botulism in the United States. It results from swallowed spores of Clostridium botulinum (or rarely, neurotoxigenic Clostridium butyricum or Clostridium baratii) that germinate and temporarily colonize the lumen of the large intestine, where, as vegetative cells, they produce botulinum toxin. Botulinum neurotoxin is encoded by the bont gene that is part of a toxin gene cluster that includes several accessory genes. We sequenced for the first time the complete botulinum neurotoxin gene cluster of nonproteolytic C. baratii type F7. Like the type E and the nonproteolytic type F6 botulinum toxin gene clusters, the C. baratii type F7 had an orfX toxin gene cluster that lacked the regulatory botR gene which is found in proteolytic C. botulinum strains and codes for an alternative σ factor. In the absence of botR, we identified a putative alternative regulatory gene located upstream of the C. baratii type F7 toxin gene cluster. This putative regulatory gene codes for a predicted σ factor that contains DNA-binding-domain homologues to the DNA-binding domains both of BotR and of other members of the TcdR-related group 5 of the σ70 family that are involved in the regulation of toxin gene expression in clostridia. We showed that this TcdR-related protein in association with RNA polymerase core enzyme specifically binds to the C. baratii type F7 botulinum toxin gene cluster promoters. This TcdR-related protein may therefore be involved in regulating the expression of the genes of the botulinum toxin gene cluster in neurotoxigenic C. baratii.
Religious Conservatives and the Death Penalty (2000)

With the increased fervor surrounding the death penalty, many religious sects have re-examined their position on this issue. New statistics concerning possible discrimination in the application of the death penalty prompted several religious groups to call for a moratorium on the death penalty. In this Essay, Professor Thomas C. Berg examines how religious conservatives, especially Roman Catholics and evangelical Protestants, have dealt with the recent concerns over the death penalty. Part I of the Essay documents how Roman Catholics and evangelical Protestants traditionally approach the death penalty. In this section, Professor Berg concludes that critics of the death penalty can use theological arguments, as well as practical concerns about the death penalty, to persuade both groups to oppose the death penalty. Part II analyzes the particular theological arguments and practical concerns that will be most effective in persuading religious conservatives to oppose the death penalty.
Intracellular localization and release of eotaxin from normal eosinophils (1998)

Eotaxin is a potent and selective CC chemokine for eosinophils and basophils. We established several monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) allowing the neutralization and measurement of human eotaxin. Using the Mabs as probes, we demonstrated that normal eosinophils contained intracellular granule-associated eotaxin. Quantification of cell-associated eotaxin in different leukocyte subsets revealed that it was principally expressed in eosinophils. Finally, we showed that normal eosinophils released eotaxin upon stimulation with either of two secretagogues, C5a or ionomycin. These findings raise the possibility that eosinophil-derived eotaxin contributes to the local accumulation of eosinophils at the site of inflammation.
Microtechnologies for high efficiency solar cells (2016)

We present the various process steps that are required to build a high efficiency solar cell. We show then the advantage of plasma etching compared to saw dicing to singulate the cells.
IMP (2007)

Programming language design remains a vital field, with interest in languages targeting concurrency, scripting, and aspects, as well as in domain-specific languages. Full-featured integrated development environments (IDEs) have become critical to the adoption of new languages. A key factor in the success of these IDEs is the provision of services specifically tailored to the language. However, modern IDE frameworks are large and complex, and the cost of constructing a language-specific IDE from scratch remains prohibitive