gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comportement statique et cinématique des transmissions par courroies synchrones : Modélisation et détermination des paramètres prépondérants (1992)

Les transmissions de puissance par courroies synchrones sont utilisees notamment dans l'industrie automobile pour la commande de la distribution des moteurs a combustion interne. Les problemes poses sont divers : bruit, comportement en fatigue~ saut de dents, etc Ces problemes decoulent du principe meme de la transmission c'est-a-dire de la maniere dont s'effectue l'engrenement des dents de la courroie sur les dents de la poulie. Une meilleure comprehension du fonctionnement est necessaire de maniere a maitriser la duree de vie, ·d'augmenter la resistance et de mieux percevoir les fluctuations cinematiques causes de bruit. Un modele numerique base sur l'observation (photoelastcite) et l'experimentation (loi globales de comportement) a permis de determiner les parametres preponderant d'une transmission synchrone (rigidite des elements, position de la nappe de câbles, pas de la courroie, rayon exterieur de la poulie). La maitrise des dispersions (intervalles de tolerances} est capitale pour la fiabilite de la transmission. Une modelisation complete de l'effet polygonal est proposee. Un parametre preponderant a ete etabli (rayon de raccordement de sommet de dent poulie} et montre la aussi la necessite d'etablir des modeles mecaniques associes a une geometrie·. Finement decrite.
Identification of Diuron and Four of Its Metabolites in Human Postmortem Plasma and Urine by LC/MS with a Moving-Belt Interface (1989)

Unknown compounds that were not amenable to GC/MS were found during routine benzodiazepine HPLC screening in a postmortem case. The apparent thermolability made the application of liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry mandatory. The moving-belt interface was used because of its value for identification based on the use of both electron impact and chemical ionization, which provided information on both structure and molecular weight. The herbicide diuron and four of its metabolites were identified in plasma and urine and had a total concentration as high as 100 mg/L. Metabolism via demethylation and hydroxylation appeared to be the major routes.
REGIO- AND STEREOCONTROLLED SYNTHESIS OF ALLYLIC p-TOLYL SULFONES CATALYZED BY PALLADIUM (0) COMPLEX (1981)

Abstract The reaction of allyl esters with sodium p-tolylsulfinate in tetrahydrofuran and methanol catalyzed by Pd(PPh3)4 gave the regio- and stereocontrolled allylic p-tolyl sulfones in good yields at room or lower temperature.
TADEEC: Threshold Sensitive Advanced Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (2014)

In Wireless sensor networks, several routing protocols have been developed to improve the various parameters such as stability period, throughput etc .After a homogenous protocol leach, many heterogeneous protocol were developed which successfully improved the routing in WSNs .In this Paper we studied one of the heterogeneous protocol DEEC and its improved version EDEEC and we tried to work on two parameters i.e. Stability period and throughput of the network to improve these further .In this Paper we introduced a new node i.e. super advanced node with the existing heterogeneous nodes in the EDEEC which successfully improved its stability period and we also incorporated a reactive protocol i.e. TEEN in our paper to make our network communication more efficient .Thus we used the best of EDEEC and TEEN and made TADEEC protocol. This has been simulated in Matlab and results have outperformed the LEACH, DEEC, EDEEC etc.
Median nerve deformation in differential finger motions: Ultrasonographic comparison of carpal tunnel syndrome patients and healthy controls (2011)

We investigated the median nerve deformation in the carpal tunnel in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome and controls during thumb, index finger, middle finger, and a four finger motion, using ultrasound. Both wrists of 29 asymptomatic volunteers and 29 patients with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome were evaluated by ultrasound. Cross-sectional images during motion from full extension to flexion were recorded. Median nerve cross-sectional area, perimeter, aspect ratio of the minimal enclosing rectangle, and circularity in extension and flexion positions were calculated. Additionally, a deformation index was calculated. We also calculated the intra-rater reliability. In both controls and patients, the median nerve cross-sectional area became significantly smaller from extension to flexion in all finger motions (p < 0.05). In flexion and extension, regardless of the specific finger motion, the median nerve deformation, circularity and the change in perimeter were all significantly greater in CTS patients than in controls (p < 0.05). We found excellent intra-rater reliability for all measurements (ICC > 0.84). With this study we have shown that it is possible to assess the deformation of the median nerve in carpal tunnel syndrome with ultrasonography and that there is more deformation of the median nerve in carpal tunnel syndrome patients during active finger motion. These parameters might be useful in the evaluation of kinematics within the carpal tunnel, and in furthering our understanding of the biomechanics of carpal tunnel syndrome in the future.
Perovskite Nanocrystals: Strong Quantum Confinement and Fast Photoemission Activation in CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Nanocrystals Grown within Periodically Mesostructured Films (Advanced Optical Materials 8/2017) (2017)

In article number 1601087, organic–inorganic perovskite nanocrystals are synthesized by Hernán Miguez and co-workers within the 3D pore lattice of mesostructured thin metal oxide films of optical quality. As a result of the finetuning of strong quantum confinement effects, control over the photoemission spectrum and dynamics is attained.
Rate of Prefix-free Codes in LQG Control Systems with Side Information (2021)

In this work, we study an LQG control system where one of two feedback channels is discrete and incurs a communication cost. We assume that a decoder (co-located with the controller) can make noiseless measurements of a subset of the state vector (referred to as side information) meanwhile a remote encoder (co-located with a sensor) can make arbitrary measurements of the entire state vector, but must convey its measurements to the decoder over a noiseless binary channel. Use of the channel incurs a communication cost, quantified as the time-averaged expected length of prefix-free binary codeword. We study the tradeoff between the communication cost and control performance. The formulation motivates a constrained directed information minimization problem, which can be solved via convex optimization. Using the optimization, we propose a quantizer design and a subsequent achievability result.
Iron-Catalyzed Direct Sulfenylation and Selenylations of Phenylpyrazoles: Synthesis of Fipronil Derivatives with Disulfides Promoted by a Catalytic Amount of Iodine (2012)

Abstract The direct thiolation of phenylpyrazole with disulfide using the FeBr3/I2 complex as the catalyst in MeCN at 80 °C was reported. With the optimum conditions, several fipronil derivatives of 4-sulfenylpyrazole were synthesized by the reaction of 5-amino-1-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl-lH-pyrazole-3-arbonitrile (1a) with disulfides (2) in moderate to good yields. The coupling reaction with diaryl diselane also occurred under similar conditions.
Improved EMI performance by use of a three-terminal-capacitor applied to an IC power line (1999)

As the electronics market moves towards higher clock speeds and increased functionality, EMI countermeasures are becoming more necessary and also more complicated. This is especially the case in digital circuits, where higher signal speed and increased component density causes greater susceptibility to coupling noise. In such cases EMI countermeasures applied only to the signal line are often inadequate. An effective solution is to apply conditioning of the IC power supply line. This paper details improved EMI performance by use of a three-terminal-capacitor applied to an IC power supply line versus the 'standard' cap approach.
Variability of Interalveolar Septal Remodeling After Bleomycin Treatment in Mice (2005)

Although bleomycin-induced cellular injury in the lung parenchyma is followed by the development of patchy fibrosis, the authors hypothesized that remodeling of the interalveolar septum (IAS) following bleomycin is a diffuse process not limited to the formation of discrete fibrotic areas. To determine the spectrum of changes in the IAS induced by bleomycin treatment, lungs were harvested from mice at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks following intratracheal administration of 0.04, 0.06, or 0.08 units of bleomycin. Light microscopy with quantitative morphometric techniques and electron microscopy were used to evaluate the IAS alterations. At 4 weeks after treatment, there was evidence of diffuse IAS remodeling. By morphological analysis, two types of structural remodeling of the IAS were observed. One type showed thickening with extracellular matrix deposition and hyperplasia of lining epithelial cells. The other type showed localized thinning of the interstitium with capillary loss and reduction in number and in size of epithelial cells. The authors have defined these variants as septal thickening and septal atrophy, respectively. The findings indicate that studies investigating the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis should focus on septal remodeling as well as analysis of fibrotic foci and measurement of collagen content.
Preparation of Schottky contacts on n -type Mg2Si single crystalline substrate (2011)

We have studied metal-semiconductor contact of n-type Mg2Si single crystal grown by the Bridgman method. We found that a contact of Ag/n-Mg2Si showed ohmic property whereas a contact of Au/n-Mg2Si performed Schottky property. Mesa structure at the Au/n-Mg2Si contact, which was formed by etching with diluted HF (2%) solution and Au-metal mask, successfully improved the leakage current in reverse bias region. The Shottky barrier height ϕB=0.59eV was obtained from the J-V characteristics of the mesa structured Au/n-Mg2Si/Ag contacts.
ChemInform Abstract: Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalytic Asymmetric Reactions. Part 2. Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Steroid Ketones. (1990)

Abstract Asymmetric reduction of pregna‐3,5‐dien‐20‐one (I) with diphenyldihydrosilane and rhodium (+)‐ or (‐)‐DIOP complex systems produces mixtures of the stereoisomeric alcohols (II) and (III) in practically the same ratio also obtained in the absence of the catalyst.
Allergic Encephalomyelitis in Monkeys In by a Peptide from the Al Protein (clinical signs/peptide fragments/histopathology/enceph (2016)

A major disease-inducing site for induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in monkeys exists in Peptide P 14, the 37-residue segment of the Al protein comprising its COOH-terminus. The peptide appears to contain the dominant encephalitogenic deter- minant, since it was as active as the Al protein on a molar basis. By contrast, the 9-residue tryptophan region and the Peptide R region, active in guinea pigs and rabbits, respectively, were comparatively inactive in monkeys. The clinical and histologic expression of the disease pro- duced by Peptide P 14 appeared identical to that induced by the intact Al protein.
Field-Induction-Drain Thin-Film Transistors for Liquid-Crystal Display Applications (1991)

A field-induction-drain (FID) poly-Si thin-film transistor (TFT), in which an electrically induced layer is used as a drain, is proposed. This TFT achieves a low OFF current and a high ON/OFF current ratio by simply incorporating an additional gate electrode. Moreover, the structure can be modified to make it suitable for complementary MOS (CMOS) applications. In this unified-structure FID (UFID) TFT, n-channel operation and p-channel operation are interchangeable. This paper presents this electrically induced layer which works well as a TFT drain and has beneficial influence on TFT characteristics.
A Mixed-Signal Binarized Convolutional-Neural-Network Accelerator Integrating Dense Weight Storage and Multiplication for Reduced Data Movement (2018)

We present a 65nm CMOS mixed-signal accelerator for first and hidden layers of binarized CNNs. Hidden layers support up to 512, 3 ×3 ×512 binary - input filters, and first layers support up to 64, 3×3 ×3 analog-input filters. Weight storage and multiplication with input activations is achieved within compact hardware, only 1.8 × larger than a 6T SRAM bit cell, and output activations are computed via capacitive charge sharing, requiring distribution of only a switch-control signal. Reduced data movement gives energy-efficiency of 658 (binary) / 0.95 TOPS/W and throughput of 9438 (binary) / 10.64 GOPS for hidden / first layers.
Accelerated and safe expansion of human mesenchymal stromal cells in animal serum‐free medium for transplantation and regenerative medicine (2007)

Human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC) are currently investigated for a variety of therapeutic applications. However, most expansion protocols still use fetal calf serum (FCS) as growth factor supplement which is a potential source of undesired xenogeneic pathogens. We established an expansion protocol for hMSC based on the use of GMP-produced basic medium LP02 supplemented with 5% of platelet lysate (PL) obtained from human thrombocyte concentrates. Compared to FCS-supplemented culture conditions, we found a significant increase in both colony forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F) as well as cumulative cell numbers after expansion. This accelerated growth is optimized by pooling of at least 10 thrombocyte concentrates. A minimal requirement is the use of 5% of PL with an optimal platelet concentration of 1.5 x 10(9)/ml, and centrifugation of thawed lysate at high speed. Cells expanded by this protocol meet all criteria for mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), e.g. plastic adherence, spindle-shaped morphology, surface marker expression, lack of hematopoietic markers, and differentiation capability into three mesenchymal lineages. MSC at passage 6 were cytogenetically normal and retained their immune-privileged potential by suppressing allogeneic reaction of T-cells. Additionally, gene expression profiles show increased mRNA levels of genes involved in cell cycle and DNA replication and downregulation of developmental and differentiation genes, supporting the observation of increased MSC-expansion in PL-supplemented medium. In summary, we have established a GMP-compatible protocol for safe and accelerated expansion of hMSC to be used in cell and tissue therapy.
Anti-photoaging effect of aaptamine in UVB-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes (2014)

Chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation causes sunburn, inflammatory responses, skin cancer, and photoaging. Photoaging, in particular, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that stimulate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and transcription factors. UV irradiation also activates matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression and inactivates collagen synthesis. Aaptamine, a marine alkaloid isolated from the marine sponge, has been reported to have antitumor, antimicrobial, antiviral, and antioxidant activities. However, the photo-protective effects of aaptamine have not been elucidated. In this study, our data demonstrated that aaptamine deactivated UVB-induced MAPK and activator protein-1 signaling by suppressing ROS, resulting in attenuating the expression of MMPs in UVB-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts. Aaptamine also decreased proinflammatory cytokines such as cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and nuclear factor-kappa B subunits in UVB-irradiated human keratinocytes. In conclusion, we suggest that aaptamine represents a novel and effective strategy for treatment and prevention of photoaging.
1 byte continuously tunable delay in coupled-resonator optical delay lines (2008)

A continuously tunable delay of 8 bit-lengths at 10 and 25 Gbit/s is achieved by using a ring-based coupled-resonator-optical-waveguide fabricated in SiON technology. Fractional loss below 1 dB per bit-delay and storage efficiencies exceeding 1 bit-delay per ring-resonator are demonstrated.
Synthesis of Diazacrown Ethers Containing Phenolic Side Arms and Their Complex with Divalent Metal Ions (2002)

The aminomethylation of phenols with para-substituents by the Mannich reaction has successfully been accomplished to produce the Mannich bases 2-6. The compounds 7-8 have also been synthesized in order to identify the effect of the side arms and t he macrocycle in the complex formation. Protonation constants and stability constants of the double armed diaza-18-crown-6 ethers 2-7 with metal ions have been determined by potentiometric method at 25 <TEX>$^{\circ}C$</TEX> in 95 % methanol solution. Under a basic condition (pH > 8.0), the double-armed crown ethers 2-6 revealed stronger interaction with divalent metal ions than the simple diazacrown ether 1. The stability constants with these metal ions were Co 2+ < Ni2+ < Cu2+ > Zn 2+ in increasing order, which are in accordance with the order of the Williams-Irving series. The stability constants with alkali earth metal ions were Ca 2+ < Sr 2+ < Ba 2+ in increasing order, which may be explained by the concept of size effect. It is noteworthy that the hosts 2-6, which have phenolic side arms and a macrocycle, bind stronger with metal ions than the hosts 1 and 7. On the other hand, the host 8, which has phenolic side arms with a pyperazine ring,provided comparable stability constants to those with the host 3. These facts demonstrate that phenolic side arms play a more important role than the azacrown ether ring in the process of making a complex with metal ions especially in a basic condition. In particular, the log KML values for complexation of divalent metal ions with the hosts 2-6 had the sequence, i.e., 2 (R=OCH3) < 3 (R=CH3) < 4 (R=H) < 5 (R=Cl) < 6 (R=CF3). The stability constants of the hosts 5 and 6 containing an electron-withdrawing group are larger than those of the hosts 2 and 3 containing an electron-donating group. This substituent effect is attributed to the solvent effect in which the aryl oxide with an electron-donating group has a tendency to be tied strongly with protic solvents.
Single chain antigen binding protein (sFv CC49) (1997)

BACKGROUND An sFv fragment of the anti-TAG-72 monoclonal antibody CC49 has been developed and has shown promise in improved targeting to colorectal carcinoma in animal studies. In this study the authors report their initial experience in human patients after intravenous injection. METHODS Five patients with colorectal carcinoma metastatic to the liver were studied prior to surgery. High performance liquid chromatography showed a low level of aggregation (< 10% complex formation), before and after radiolabeling with iodogen. Prior to radiolabeling, 123I was brought to the dry form, phosphate buffer added and titrated to a pH of 7, with diluted hydrochloric acid. 123I was injected in doses of 26, 12, 27, 25 and 1 millicurie, respectively, and labeled to a 5-mg fragment. Single photon emission computed tomography and whole body imaging were performed at 4-6 hours, and 24 hours, respectively, after injection. RESULTS The agent was rapidly cleared from the blood with biphasic clearance T-1/2 of 30 minutes and 10.5 hours, respectively. Distribution from whole body imaging confirmed rapid equilibration with extracellular fluid, and clearance T-1/2 from the body was comparable to the slower component of blood clearance. The spleen was visualized in all patients, and the testes were imaged in 67% of male patients. Renal excretion was noted with early uptake and clearance from the renal parenchyma except in one patient in whom renal parenchyma retention was intense. Although image quality was suboptimal, tumor was visualized in all five patients in both primary and metastatic lesions. At surgery, (16-24 hours postinjection), the tumor retained significant concentrations of the radiotracer, with metastatic tumor/normal liver ratios of approximately 1:5-3:1. No patient had any associated symptom or change in biochemical and hematopoietic status. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that sFv is safe, tissue equilibration and clearance is rapid, and early, same-day imaging of the primary and metastatic tumors is feasible in patients colorectal carcinoma. Further studies are warranted to define a more optimal mass of sFv CC49 dose for tumor targeting. Cancer 1997; 80:2458-68. © 1997 American Cancer Society.
Effects and subcellular distribution of magnesium in smooth and striated muscle. (1981)

Mg specifically increases the binding of neurohypophyseal peptides to smooth muscle membranes, and has some less well-defined effects on beta-adrenergic and other drug-induced responses of smooth muscle. The requirement of smooth muscle actomyosin for Mg is not significantly higher than that of the striated muscle proteins: maximal Ca activation can be obtained at about 1 mM [Mg2+]. This is comparable to the estimated free Mg2+ concentration in smooth muscle. The total Mg content of smooth muscle is approximately 30-35 mmol/kg dry cell wt, and approximately 50% of this can be removed in Mg-free solution. Mg concentration in mitochondria and in nuclei of rabbit portal anterior mesenteric vein smooth muscle is not significantly different from the cytoplasmic concentration. Mitochondria isolated from vascular smooth muscle have a highly active, energy-dependent Mg transport system. Mitochondria isolated from atherosclerotic bovine arteries contain increased concentrations of Mg and Ca. In the terminal cisternae of frog striated muscle tetanized for 12 s the Mg content is increased by 26 meq/kg dry wt, suggesting that there is an increase in the permeability of the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane to (or transport of) Mg during tetanus. At this time, 126 meq Ca/kg dry terminal cisternae has been released, and there is a concomitant increase of 46 meq/kg dry wt K. The amount of Ca released during 1.2-s tetanus is sufficient to increase the total (not free) Ca concentration in the fiber by approximately 1 mM; during the slow time course of the tetanus, most of this Ca is expected to exchange for the equivalent amount of Mg bound in resting frog muscle to the Ca/Mg sites on troponin and parvalbumin.
Early dynamic bone-imaging as an indicator of osseous blood flow and factors affecting the uptake of 99mTc hydroxymethylene diphosphonate in healing bone. (1985)

We determined the uptake of 99mTc-labeled hydroxymethylene diphosphonate in a surgically created defect in the canine tibia with early dynamic and delayed static bone scans. The defect consisted of a cortical bone window, ten by five millimeters, centered over the middle of the tibia. The dynamic bone scans consisted of sixty one-second images of the tibia, recorded immediately after the injections of 99mTc, and the static scans were single forty-five-minute uptake images of the tibia. These were performed and the dogs were killed at seven, fourteen, and twenty-eight days postoperatively. The dynamic scans detected the postoperative increase in tibial blood flow because the values calculated from these scans demonstrated a significant linear relationship to tibial blood flow determined with radioactive microspheres (r = 0.76, p less than 0.001). The increased uptake of 99mTc in the cortical defect that was detected with static scans was attributable not only to the increased blood flow but also to uptake by immature bone. Early dynamic bone-imaging increases the versatility of bone scintigraphy. The significant correlation between the dynamic scans and bone blood flow suggests that this non-invasive technique can provide a quantitative comparison of changes in regional blood flow in bone.