gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Air Filtration: An Integrated Approach to the Theory and Applications of Fibrous Filters (1993)

Chapter headings and main section headings: Introduction. Symbolic notation. Macroscopic Description of Filter Behaviour. Surface filtration and depth filtration. Types of filter. Method of filtration and assessment of efficiency. Layer efficiency. Single fibre efficiency. Filter Structure. Introduction. Paper filters. Carded filters. Porous foam. Model filters. Flow Patterns and Pressure Drop. Nature of airflow through a filter. General fluid dynamics theory. Microscopic airflow patterns in filters. Filters of irregular or imperfect structure. Flow in conditions other than simple Stokes flow. Macroscopic flow patterns. Flow through filters of non-uniform structure. Particle Capture by Mechanical Means. Introduction. Generalized theory of single fibre efficiency. Particle capture by direct interception. Particle capture by inertial impaction. Capture of particles by gravity. Capture of particles by diffusional deposition. Capture of non-spherical particles by fibrous filters. Combined effect of two or more capture mechanisms. Variation of deposition site with capture process. Effect of leakage on filter performance. Potential problems with model filters. Electrically Charged Filter Material. Introduction. Basic mechanisms of action. Classification of material. The importance of electric charge configuration. Measurement of filter charge. Charge stability and the effect of storage on filter performance. Particle Capture by Electric Forces. Introduction. Capture by permanently charged fibres. Capture by image forces. Experimental observation of electrostatic capture. Augmentation of filtration efficiency by external electric fields. Augmentation of filtration efficiency by charging of particles. Particle Adhesion and Particle Bounce. Introduction. Adhesion forces between particles and fibres. Dynamics of impact. Effects of Loading. Introduction. Qualitative description of filter clogging. The influence of aerosol properties on clogging rate. Macroscopic theory of filter clogging. Airflow pattern and drag force acting on particle complexes. Theoretical description of clogging. Experimental observation of dendrite structure on a single fibre. Experimental observations on model and real fibrous filters. Fractal structure of particle deposits. Effect of loading with liquid aerosols. Time-dependent effects in filter clogging. The effect of dust loading on the performance of electrically charged filters. Filter Testing. Introduction. Pressure drop measurement. Area weight measurement. General problems of aerosol penetration measurement. Aerosol detectors. Testing with monodisperse aerosols. Size-selective testing with polydisperse aerosols. Non size selective testing with polydisperse aerosols. Testing of high efficiency filters. Tests with electrically charged aerosols. Worst possible case testing. Realistic prediction of filter performance. Standard filters. Conclusion. Index. 150 illus. approx.
Buffer size optimization for full-search block matching algorithms (2002)

This paper presents how to find optimized buffer size for VLSI architectures of full-search block matching algorithms. Starting from the DG (dependency graph) analysis, we focus in the problem of reducing the internal buffer size under minimal I/O bandwidth constraint. As a result, a systematic design procedure for buffer optimization is derived to reduce realization cost.
1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of nitrile imines to meso-tetraarylporphyrins (2009)

N-Aryl-C-ethoxycarbonylnitrile imines react with meso-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin in 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions to yield novel pyrazolochlorins in moderate yields. The nitrile imines were generated in situ by base-induced dehydrobromination of ethyl hydrazono-bromoglyoxylates. A number of different experimental conditions were considered for these cycloadditions, namely different bases, solvents and temperature; the best results were obtained using potassium carbonate in refluxing toluene. The photophysical properties of the new chlorins were investigated and the results suggest that two of them have potential for use in photodynamic therapy.
T-cell responses in rheumatoid arthritis (1999)

One manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a destructive inflammation of the joint, but many other organs can be targeted by this disease, classifying it as a truly systemic disorder. Accordingly, pathogenic models have to account for the multiorgan character of RA. This article proposes that the primary abnormalities in RA lie in the assembly of the T-cell pool and in the maintenance of T-cell homeostasis. Evidence has accumulated that the repertoire of CD4 T cells in RA patients is distinct and includes a high frequency of disease-relevant T cells. Emergence of T cells with self-aggressive potential could indicate a failure of negative selection in the thymus. Also, the turnover of mature T cells in the periphery is altered in RA patients with a sharp contraction in diversity. Loss of diversity results from the replacement of rare T-cell specificities by multiplying T-cell clones. Large clonal T-cell populations in RA patients acquire a distinct phenotype (CD4+CD28null) and functional profile (overproduction of interferon-gamma, cytotoxicity), giving them the ability to function as proinflammatory cells. Optimal conditions for T-cell stimulation are encountered in the synovium, where ectopic lymphoid tissue with germinal centers is formed. Considering the systemic nature of RA, therapeutic strategies suppressing synovial inflammation while ignoring systemic abnormalities could lack the potential of a curative intervention.
Vacuum outgassing of artificial dielectric ceramics (1994)

A special aluminum nitride (AlN)–glassy carbon artificial dielectric ceramic for microwave absorption at low temperature has been developed at the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility to manufacture the higher order mode (HOM) loads used in the superconducting cavities of the machine. As the HOM loads share the same ultrahigh vacuum as the superconducting cavities, very tight vacuum requirements are imposed on the HOM load’s material. Vacuum outgassing rates have been measured and compared for AlN–15% glassy carbon artificial ceramic in fully degassed condition produced by heating to high temperature in a vacuum furnace. In addition, the effect of exposure to air, nitrogen gas, and isopropanol is discussed. A typical outgassing rate at room temperature is 2.5×10−11 Torr ℓ/s/cm2, 24 h after initial pump down. Baking 24 h at 150 °C was sufficient to attain an outgassing rate of less than 4×10−12 Torr ℓ/s/cm2. However, when the ceramic has a lower bulk density or a higher apparent porosity, the outgassing rates can be two orders of magnitude higher.
Stably Express Spider Flagelliform Silk Protein in Bombyx Mori Cell Line by PiggyBac Transposon-Derived Vector (2011)

Silkworm BmN4 cells were transfected with the helper plasmid and the piggyBac vector( piggyBac-FLAG) in which was inserted with the spider flagelliform silk expression cassette. Via antibiotic selection, most cells showed stable DsRed-expression. Immuno blot analysis showed that flagelliform silk protein of spider was expressed stably in BmN4 cells. Circular dichroism spectra indicated the existence of β-turn structure in recombinant spider flagelliform protein. The present results suggested that transgenic silkworm directly secreting functional spider silk protein in cocoon by using piggyBac system is feasible.
Formation and Analysis of High Resistivity Electroless NiReB Films Deposited from a Sodium Citrate Bath (2001)

An electroless NiB plating bath including ammonium perrhenate was used to investigate the effect of Re and B on the resistivity and the structure of NiReB film. The Re content in the film increased rapidly while the B content decreased with increasing ammonium perrhenate concentration of the electrolyte. The films exhibit an increasing specific resistance (ρ) and decreasing temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) as the Re content increased. For films with less than 14 wt % Re content, the value of TCR is stable until a 300°C heat-treatment; its stability is maintained until 500°C for the higher Re content films. According to X-ray diffraction measurement, the as-deposited films were amorphous for the low Re content films, while a fine devitrified structure of hexagonal close-packed ReNi was observed for films with a high Re content. After heat-treating the low Re content film at 500°C crystallized the forming face-centered cubic NiRe and phases. On the other hand, the crystalline structure of the high Re content films was not altered by annealing to 500°C. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Looking through diffusive glass by digital amplitude/phase correction (2019)

Many researchers have investigated optical imaging through diffusive media or scattering media. Wide variety of techniques to reconstruct complex amplitude of an object trough diffusive glass or thin scattering media has been reported [1-5]. Among them, digital holography enables reconstruction of intensity and phase images of objects through a diffusive glass plate [6]. In Ref. 6, object light and light from diffusive glass are treated as independent wave. We proposed reconstruction of phase and intensity information of an object behind diffusive glass by digital holography [7,8]. Our method measured transmittance and phase of diffusive glass in advance. By a known complex amplitude of diffusive glass, complex amplitude of an object through diffusive glass is reconstructed by digital correction of the transmittance and phase change of diffusive glass. The object intensity and phase at an arbitrary distance can be reconstructed by optical back propagation. In this paper, we investigated reconstruction of complex amplitude of an object through diffusive glass by changing the distance between an object and diffusive glass / between ad diffusive glass and a camera.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Canine Pathogen Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (2011)

We report the first whole-genome sequence for a clinical isolate of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (ED99), the major pathogen responsible for canine bacterial pyoderma. S. pseudintermedius contains numerous mobile genetic elements and encodes an array of putative virulence factors, including superantigenic, cytolytic, and exfoliative toxins and cell wall-associated surface proteins.
Prevalence of Obesity and Trends in the Distribution of Body Mass Index Among US Adults, 1999-2010 (2012)

In 2009-2010, the prevalence of obesity was 35.5% among adult men and 35.8% among adult women, with no significant change compared with 2003-2008.
Die Entwicklung und Ausbildung des Rehgehörns, die Größe und das Körpergewicht der Rehe (1905)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
The Paradox of Sign Language Morphology (2005)

Sign languages have two strikingly different kinds of morphological structure: sequential and simultaneous. The simultaneous morphology of two unrelated sign languages, American and Israeli Sign Language, is very similar and is largely inflectional, while what little sequential morphology we have found differs significantly and is derivational. We show that at least two pervasive types of inflectional morphology, verb agreement and classifier constructions, are iconically grounded in spatiotemporal cognition, while the sequential patterns can be traced to normal historical development. We attribute the paucity of sequential morphology in sign languages to their youth. This research both brings sign languages much closer to spoken languages in their morphological structure and shows how the medium of communication contributes to the structure of languages.
Ultrastructural Studies of Peripheral Blood of Neonates with Down’s Syndrome and Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis (1988)

Ultrastructural studies were performed on blood samples from five neonates with Down's syndrome and transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM). Three methods of fixation were employed to detect diaminobenzidine (DAB) reactivity. The first method used glutaraldehyde solution, while the second and third methods used tannic acid-glutaraldehyde mixtures. Before fixation by the second method, specimens were washed in order to eliminate plasma, and before fixation by the third were diluted to lessen the effects of plasma protein. The latter two methods were more sensitive than the first for detection of DAB reactivity, while the third also resulted in better preservation of morphology than did the second. Even the first method was able to detect DAB reactivity in cells of megakaryocyte-platelet series in appropriate sections. Although the majority of blasts appeared with light microscopy to be undifferentiated, their ultrastructural morphology and ultrastructural cytochemistry were in fact found to be quite heterogeneous, consisting of cells of the megakaryocyte-platelet and granulocytic series, including basophils, and erythroid precursors. This finding supported the view that TAM was the result of unstable hematopoiesis rather than true leukemia.
Affinity and cooperativity modulate ternary complex formation to drive targeted protein degradation (2023)

Targeted protein degradation via "hijacking" of the ubiquitin-proteasome system using proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) has evolved into a novel therapeutic modality. The design of PROTACs is challenging; multiple steps involved in PROTAC-induced degradation make it difficult to establish coherent structure-activity relationships. Herein, we characterize PROTAC-mediated ternary complex formation and degradation by employing von Hippel-Lindau protein (VHL) recruiting PROTACs for two different target proteins, SMARCA2 and BRD4. Ternary-complex attributes and degradation activity parameters are evaluated by varying components of the PROTAC's architecture. Ternary complex binding affinity and cooperativity correlates well with degradation potency and initial rates of degradation. Additionally, we develop a ternary-complex structure modeling workflow to calculate the total buried surface area at the interface, which is in agreement with the measured ternary complex binding affinity. Our findings establish a predictive framework to guide the design of potent degraders.
Liquid Exfoliation of Defect-Free Graphene (2012)

Due to its unprecedented physical properties, graphene has generated huge interest over the last 7 years. Graphene is generally fabricated in one of two ways: as very high quality sheets produced in limited quantities by micromechanical cleavage or vapor growth or as a rather defective, graphene-like material, graphene oxide, produced in large quantities. However, a growing number of applications would profit from the availability of a method to produce high-quality graphene in large quantities. This Account describes recent work to develop such a processing route inspired by previous theoretical and experimental studies on the solvent dispersion of carbon nanotubes. That work had shown that nanotubes could be effectively dispersed in solvents whose surface energy matched that of the nanotubes. We describe the application of the same approach to the exfoliation of graphite to give graphene in a range of solvents. When graphite powder is exposed to ultrasonication in the presence of a suitable solvent, the powder fragments into nanosheets, which are stabilized against aggregation by the solvent. The enthalpy of mixing is minimized for solvents with surface energies close to that of graphene (∼68 mJ/m(2)). The exfoliated nanosheets are free of defects and oxides and can be produced in large quantities. Once solvent exfoliation is possible, the process can be optimized and the nanosheets can be separated by size. The use of surfactants can also stabilize exfoliated graphene in water, where the ζ potential of the surfactant-coated graphene nanosheets controls the dispersed concentration. Liquid exfoliated graphene can be used for a range of applications: graphene dispersions as optical limiters, films of graphene flakes as transparent conductors or sensors, and exfoliated graphene as a mechanical reinforcement for polymer-based composites. Finally, we have extended this process to exfoliate other layered compounds such as BN and MoS(2). Such materials will be important in a range of applications from thermoelectrics to battery electrodes. This liquid exfoliation technique can be applied to a wide range of materials and has the potential to be scaled up into an industrial process. We believe the coming decade will see an explosion in the applications involving liquid exfoliated two-dimensional materials.
The Structure of Vinyl Polymers. VI.1 Polyvinyl Halides (1939)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTThe Structure of Vinyl Polymers. VI.1 Polyvinyl HalidesC. S. Marvel, J. H. Sample, and Max F. RoyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1939, 61, 12, 3241–3244Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1939Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1939https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01267a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01267a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views384Altmetric-Citations125LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Acute Infections Caused by Tropheryma Whipplei (2017)

Tropheryma whipplei is the causative bacterium of Whipple's disease. Its first culture has led to an enlargement of the field of the caused infections. Here, we comprehensively review acute T. whipplei infections. In a cohort study featuring 4000 children, T. whipplei was significantly more common in patients with diarrhea (4%) than in those without (1.7%). A case-controlled study highlighted 58 patients suffering from pneumonia with the detection of T. whipplei in their bronchoalveolar fluids. Finally, a recent study detected T. whipplei in the blood of 36 febrile patients experiencing pulmonary symptoms in a rural area of Senegal. T. whipplei is definitively an agent of acute gastroenteritis, a cause of nonmalarial fever in Africa, and probably a cause of pulmonary infections.
Astragalin inhibits airway eotaxin-1 induction and epithelial apoptosis through modulating oxidative stress-responsive MAPK signaling (2014)

Astragalin ameliorated oxidative stress-associated epithelial eosinophilia and apoptosis through disturbing TLR4-PKCβ2-NADPH oxidase-responsive signaling. Therefore, astragalin may be a potent agent antagonizing endotoxin-induced oxidative stress leading to airway dysfunction and inflammation.
Summing Feynman diagrams in the worldline formalism (2022)

The worldline formalism shares with string theory the property that it allows one to write down master integrals that effectively combine the contributions of many Feynman diagrams. While at the one-loop level these diagrams differ only by the position of the external legs along a fixed line or loop, at multiloop they generally involve different topologies. Here we summarize various efforts that have been made over the years to exploit this property in a computationally meaningful way. As a first example, we show how to generalize the Landau-Khalatnikov-Fradkin formula for the non-perturbative gauge transformation of the fermion propagator in QED to the general $2n$ - point case by pure manipulations at the path-integral level. At the parameter-integral level, we show how to integrate out individual photons in the low-energy expansion, and then sketch a recently introduced general framework for the analytical evaluation of such worldline integrals involving a reduction to quantum mechanics on the circle and the relation between inverse derivatives and Bernoulli polynomials.
Motion Artifact Reduction in Impedance Plethysmography Signal (2013)

The research related to designing portable monitoring devices for physiological signals has been at its peak in the last decade or two. One of the main obstacles in building such devices is the effect of the subject's movements on the quality of the signal. There have been numerous studies addressing the problem of removing motion artifact from the electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) signals in the past few years. However, no such study exists for the Impedance Plethysmography (IP) signal. The IP signal can be used to monitor respiration in mobile devices. However, it is very susceptible to motion artifact. The main aim of this dissertation is to develop adaptive and non-adaptive filtering algorithms to address the problem of motion artifact reduction from the IP signal.
A User Perspective on Sustainability (2023)

As our society undertakes an energy transition to low carbon future, many sectors ranging from the energy grid to transportation are in the midst of a transformation to newer and cleaner technologies such as electric vehicles, electric heat pumps, and distributed renewables. These technologies will have a direct impact on an end-users in terms of behavior, comfort, and lifestyle. In this column, we examine the user's perspective of an energy transition.
Doppler frequency offset estimation and compensation in OFDM aeronautical communication systems in the presence of narrow-band interference (2016)

A two-path model, where each path includes a linear Doppler frequency offset, is commonly applied for modeling aeronautical channels under an en-route scenario. In this study, a maximum-likelihood (ML) channel estimation-based channel response differential correlation method is used to estimate a bilinear Doppler frequency offset. Specifically, reference symbols and ML estimation are used to obtain the channel response and to separate the two paths. Then, for each path, the ML frequency offset estimation is performed via a differential correlation operation. In the absence of interference, ordinary least square (LS) channel estimation and ML channel estimation demonstrate similar performance in frequency offset estimation, but the accuracy of LS channel estimation decreases dramatically in the presence of narrow-band interference, whereas ML channel estimation continues to demonstrate good accuracy, even under strong narrow-band interference, indicating high robustness. We also present a frequency offset compensation method for a two-path channel based on obtaining a maximum signal to interference ratio. The performance of the proposed methods for frequency offset estimation and compensation are validated via simulation.