gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metabolomic Profiling Reveals Biochemical Pathways and Biomarkers Associated with Pathogenesis in Cystic Fibrosis Cells (2010)

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-shortening disease caused by a mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. To gain an understanding of the epithelial dysfunction associated with CF mutations and discover biomarkers for therapeutics development, untargeted metabolomic analysis was performed on primary human airway epithelial cell cultures from three separate cohorts of CF patients and non-CF subjects. Statistical analysis revealed a set of reproducible and significant metabolic differences between the CF and non-CF cells. Aside from changes that were consistent with known CF effects, such as diminished cellular regulation against oxidative stress and osmotic stress, new observations on the cellular metabolism in the disease were generated. In the CF cells, the levels of various purine nucleotides, which may function to regulate cellular responses via purinergic signaling, were significantly decreased. Furthermore, CF cells exhibited reduced glucose metabolism in glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and sorbitol pathway, which may further exacerbate oxidative stress and limit the epithelial cell response to environmental pressure. Taken together, these findings reveal novel metabolic abnormalities associated with the CF pathological process and identify a panel of potential biomarkers for therapeutic development using this model system.
Out-of-plane axis SOI MEMS gyroscope with initially displaced vertical sensing comb (2011)

We developed a capacitive silicon on insulator (SOI) microelectro-mechanical systems (MEMS) tuning-fork gyroscope and describe its structure and performance. The gyroscope is composed of initially displaced vertical sensing combs we developed to sense out-of-plane motion of a proof mass. The initial displacement between the movable electrodes and fixed electrodes of the vertical sensing combs is achieved simply by applying DC bias voltage between the movable sensing proof mass and the handle layer of the SOI wafer. We also employed a one-sided force feedback scheme that is easily fabricated in an SOI and resulted in ±0.5% nonlinearity.
Evidence for a Single-Electron-Transfer Activation in the Cleavage of Cobalt–Carbon Bonds of Alkylcobalt(III) Complexes with Iodine (1986)

Abstract Evidence for a single-electron-transfer (SET) activation in the cleavage of cobalt–carbon bonds of alkylcobalt(III) complexes with iodine is shown by the identification of products that could arise only via an SET pathway as well as by the kinetic comparison between the cleavage reaction of alkylcobalt(III) complexes with iodine and the electron-transfer reaction of ferrocene derivatives with iodine in acetonitrile.
Visual Detection and Recovery of Mercury in Water and Blood Samples Using Nano-membrane Tubular Architectures (2015)

Engineered control over one-dimensional (1D) mesoporous silica nanotubes (NTs) inside anodic alumina membranes (AAMs) has led to various methods for detecting, visualizing, adsorbing, filtering, and recovering ultra-trace concentrations of toxic metal ions, such as Hg2+ and Pb2+, in water and blood. These often “one-pot” screening methods offer advantages over conventional methods in that they do not need sophisticated instruments or laborious sample preparation. This mesoscopic membrane sensor for the nakedeye detection micro-object have large surface area-to-volume ratios and uniformly shaped pores in threedimensional nanoscale gyroidal structures and its active sites consist of heteroatoms arranged around uniformly shaped pores in three-dimensional (3D) nanoscale gyroidal mesostructures densely coated with the chelating ligand so it permits ultra-fast, specific, pH-dependent visualization and removal of toxic metals at low concentrations from aqueous media, including drinking water and a suspension of red blood cells by means of a colorimetric signal visible to the naked eye, as well as by means of UV–vis reflectance spectroscopy. Removal of target ions from biological fluids was assessed by means of flow cytometric analysis. Our results demonstrate the potential for our membrane sensors to be used for preventing the health risks associated with exposure to toxic metal ions in the environment and blood.
Fatigue Life Assessment of Welded Structures with the Linear Traction Stress Analysis Approach (2012)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Structural stress methods are now widely used in fatigue life assessment of welded structures and structures with stress concentrations. The structural stress concept is based on the assumption of a global stress distribution at critical locations such as weld toes or weld throats, and there are several variants of structural stress approaches available. In this paper, the linear traction stress approach, a nodal force based structural stress approach, is reviewed first. The linear traction stress approach offers a robust procedure for extracting linear traction stress components by post-processing the finite element analysis results at any given hypothetical crack location of interest. Pertinent concepts such as mesh-insensitivity, master S-N curve, fatigue crack initiation and growth mechanisms are also discussed. Then, fatigue life assessment of automotive exhaust systems is conducted and the data correlation with a recently developed equilibrium data analysis method is provided and compared. Finally, the needs for further development of more physically sound analysis approaches are indicated.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A Classification for Hawaiian Artifacts Based on Morphology and Wear: Analyses of Discoidal Artifacts From Nu'alolo Kai, Kaua'i (2003)

&lt;p&gt;"This tool [typology] is designed for the reconstruction of culture history in time and space. This is the beginning and not the end of the archaeologist's responsibility." (Ford 1954a:52).&lt;/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;Jame Ford's decree of the purpose of typologies serves as a model for the following discussion. He believed that typologies are the products of classificatory processes - archaeologists create them in order to bound and define the variability of the empirical world. As such they are powerful tools, and their construction and use is defined by the theoretical framework that is employed to describe reality (Ford 1954a:43).&lt;/p&gt;
Bi- and Tri-Specific T Cell Engager-Armed Oncolytic Viruses: Next-Generation Cancer Immunotherapy (2020)

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are potent anti-cancer biologics with a bright future, having substantial evidence of efficacy in patients with cancer. Bi- and tri-specific antibodies targeting tumor antigens and capable of activating T cell receptor signaling have also shown great promise in cancer immunotherapy. In a cutting-edge strategy, investigators have incorporated the two independent anti-cancer modalities, transforming them into bi- or tri-specific T cell engager (BiTE or TriTE)-armed OVs for targeted immunotherapy. Since 2014, multiple research teams have studied this combinatorial strategy, and it showed substantial efficacy in various tumor models. Here, we first provide a brief overview of the current status of oncolytic virotherapy and the use of multi-specific antibodies for cancer immunotherapy. We then summarize progress on BiTE and TriTE antibodies as a novel class of cancer therapeutics in preclinical and clinical studies, followed by a discussion of BiTE- or TriTE-armed OVs for cancer therapy in translational models. In addition, T cell receptor mimics (TCRm) have been developed into BiTEs and are expected to greatly expand the application of BiTEs and BiTE-armed OVs for the effective targeting of intracellular tumor antigens. Future applications of such innovative combination strategies are emerging as precision cancer immunotherapies.
Transcranial sonography for diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (2010)

Our study shows that TCS is a reliable and highly sensitive tool for differentiation of IPD patients from individuals without CNS disorders.
Multiple sclerosis (2005)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex genetic disease associated with inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS) white matter and is thought to be mediated by autoimmune processes. Clonal expansion of B cells, their antibody products, and T cells, hallmarks of inflammation in the CNS, are found in MS. The association of the disease with major histocompatibility complex genes, the inflammatory white matter infiltrates, similarities with animal models, and the observation that MS can be treated with immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive therapies support the hypothesis that autoimmunity plays a major role in the disease pathology. This review discusses the immunopathology of MS with particular focus given to regulatory T cells and the role of B cells and antibodies, immunomodulatory therapeutics, and finally new directions in MS research, particularly new methods to define the molecular pathology of human disease with high-throughput examination of germline DNA haplotypes, RNA expression, and protein structures that will allow the generation of a new series of hypotheses that can be tested to develop better understandings and therapies for this disease.
A Statistical Analysis of Ohio’s Financially Troubled School Districts (1983)

plight of America's big city school districts has been evident for some time (Humel & Nagle, 1973; Levin, Muller, & Sandoval, 1973; Riles, 1970; Sacks, 1972). In the last few years such major school districts as New York, Cleveland, and Chicago have gone bankrupt (Crowin, 1980). It is also becoming increasingly evident that many small rural districts are experiencing financial problems (Murphy, 1980). Primarily because of the decentralized operation of the American public school system, a host of problems contributes to school districts' financial difficulties. The purpose of this study was, first, to compile a list of potential reasons for school districts' financial problems and, second, to examine the financially troubled districts (FTD) in one state, Ohio, vis-a-vis Ohio's financially nontroubled districts (FNTD) to determine if conditions that characterize FTD could be uncovered. The potential reasons for school districts' financial difficulties are well documented (Johns & Alexander, 1971; Johns, Alexander, & Rossmiller, 1969; Johns, Alexander, & Stullar, 1971; Kohler, 1973) and need not be repeated in detail here. The full list of characteristics associated with school districts' financial difficulties considered in this study is presented in Table I.
Freeze-fracture planes of methanogen membranes correlate with the content of tetraether lipids (1993)

Methanospirillum hungatei GP1 contained 50% of its ether core lipids (polar lipids less head groups) as tetraether lipids, and its plasma membrane failed to fracture along its hydrophobic domain during freeze-etching. The membrane of Methanosaeta ("Methanothrix") concilii did not contain tetraether lipids and easily fractured to reveal typical intramembranous particles. Methanococcus jannaschii grown at 50 degrees C contained 20% tetraether core lipids, which increased to 45% when cells were grown at 70 degrees C. The frequency of membrane fracture was reduced as the membrane-spanning tetraether lipids approached 45%. As the tetraether lipid content increased, and while fracture was still possible, the particle density in the membrane increased; these added particles could be tetraether lipid complexes torn from the opposing membrane face. The diether membrane (no tetraether lipid) of Methanococcus voltae easily fractured, and the intramembranous particle density was low. Protein-free liposomes containing tetraether core lipids (ca. 45%) also did not fracture, whereas those made up exclusively of diether lipids did split, indicating that tetraether lipids add considerable vertical stability to the membrane. At tetraether lipid concentrations below 45%, liposome bilayers fractured to reveal small intramembranous particles which we interpret to be tetraether lipid complexes.
PREDATORY BIDDING IN SEQUENTIAL AUCTIONS (1994)

Journal Article PREDATORY BIDDING IN SEQUENTIAL AUCTIONS Get access NILS-HENRIK MØRCH VON DER FEHR NILS-HENRIK MØRCH VON DER FEHR Department of Economics, University of OsloP.O. Box 1095 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Oxford Economic Papers, Volume 46, Issue 3, July 1994, Pages 345–356, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a042134 Published: 01 July 1994
High ambient contrast ratio OLED display with microlens array and cruciform black matrices (2015)

Microlens array and cruciform black matrices were adopted to reduce ambient light reflection by 87.8% in OLED display for a 21mm by 21mm eyebox while only 19.8% of reflective layer's area was occupied.
Social inequalities in health related behaviours in Barcelona (2000)

Health damaging behaviours are differentially distributed among social classes in Barcelona. Health policies should take into account these inequalities.
Recent progress in dynamic routing for shared protection in multidomain networks (2008)

A large number of studies on routing for shared protection focus on minimizing the network transport capacity in a static routing framework. A smaller number of studies have been conducted on dynamic routing. Most of them do not meet the scalability requirements of multidomain networks. This article reviews the recent works in dynamic routing for shared protection in multidomain networks, and proposes a quantitative comparison among the most efficient approaches. Some of the remaining challenges are discussed at the end of the article.
Vascular endothelial growth factor stimulates dephosphorylation of the catenins p120 and p100 in endothelial cells (2000)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an endothelium-specific mitogen that induces angiogenesis and increases vascular permeability. These processes involve regulation of cell-cell adhesion, but molecular mechanisms have yet to be fully established. p120, also termed p120(ctn), and its variant p100 are catenins which associate with cadherins and localize to adherens junctions. VEGF was reported to stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation of catenins in endothelial cells. In contrast, we have found that VEGF potently stimulated a rapid and dose-dependent decrease in serine/threonine phosphorylation of p120 and p100. VEGF acted via VEGF receptor 2 to achieve this effect which was independent of activation of the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase pathway. Histamine and activators of protein kinase C had a very similar effect to that of VEGF on phosphorylation of p120 and p100, suggesting that these diverse stimuli may converge on a common signalling element regulating p120/p100 serine/threonine phosphorylation. These data raise the possibility that the dephosphorylation of p120 and p100 triggered by VEGF may contribute to mechanisms regulating permeability and/or motility through modulation of cadherin adhesiveness.
Synthetic Peptides as Protein Mimics (2016)

The design and generation of molecules capable of mimicking the binding and/or functional sites of proteins represents a promising strategy for the exploration and modulation of protein function through controlled interference with the underlying molecular interactions. Synthetic peptides have proven an excellent type of molecule for the mimicry of protein sites because such peptides can be generated as exact copies of protein fragments, as well as in diverse chemical modifications, which includes the incorporation of a large range of non-proteinogenic amino acids as well as the modification of the peptide backbone. Apart from extending the chemical and structural diversity presented by peptides, such modifications also increase the proteolytic stability of the molecules, enhancing their utility for biological applications. This article reviews recent advances by this and other laboratories in the use of synthetic protein mimics to modulate protein function, as well as to provide building blocks for synthetic biology.
REVERSE OSMOSIS TRANSPORT and MODULE ANALYSIS FOR GREEN TEA JUICE CONCENTRATION (1993)

ABSTRACT Reverse osmosis experiments were performed to concentrate the green tea juice, and the experimental data was analyzed by using a set of transport equations together with osmotic pressure and density data of the green tea juice. the transport parameters obtained numerically by the above analytical procedure were then used to calculate several dimensionless quantities that can characterize a reverse osmosis module. an example of module design calculation was attempted using the dimensionless parameters so obtained. It has been found that an increase in operating pressure reduces the module length significantly when the feed tea juice concentration is high. an increase of the mass transfer coefficient on the high pressure side of the membrane has the same effect.
Physical and Electrochemical Properties of Trifluorinated Linear Ether as Solvent for Lithium Secondary Batteries (2012)

A trifluoromethyl group (CF3-) is a strong electron-withdrawing substituent. We have synthesized 1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethane (TFEMEE). The relative permittivity, viscosity, and anodic stability of TFEMEE were higher than those of 1-ethoxy-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethane (EMEE). The presence of the trifluomethyl group can weaken the attractive forces between molecules. The kinematic viscosity of TFEMEE was as low as that of EMEE especially at high temperatures. The use of TFEMEE as a co-solvent greatly improved cycling efficiency of a lithium anode.
Translational bypassing: a new reading alternative of the genetic code (1995)

The translation of the genetic code, once thought to be rigid, has been found to be quite flexible, and several alternatives in its reading have been described. An unusual alternative is translational bypassing, a frameshift event where the transition from frame 0 to another frame occurs by translational bypassing of an extended region of the mRNA sequence rather than by slippage past a single nucleotide, as has been described for most examples of frameshifting. Translational bypassing has been characterized in two cases, T4 gene 60 coding for a topoisomerase subunit and in a trpR-lac'Z fusion. The latter was discovered in our laboratory, and the unique bypass mechanism is investigated further in this study. Using a trpR+1-lac'Z fusion system, we show that the Gln codon at the beginning of lacZ end at the 3' side of the gap is required for bypassing to occur. The Gln codon is part of an mRNA segment that can (potentially) base pair with a segment at the 5' and of Escherichia coli 16S rRNA. A model of trpR+1-lac'Z bypassing is suggested in which the untranslated region of the mRNA is looped out through base pairing between a segment in the 5' end of the 16S rRNA and two sites in the mRNA. Translational bypassing is a newly discovered mechanism of gene expression, and trpR is the first cellular gene identified in which such a mechanism could operate. The understanding of this mechanism and its associated signals may be considered a paradigm for the expression of other genes by this alternative reading of the genetic code.
Electronic Structures and Materials Properties Calculations of Ni and Ni‐Based Superalloys (2018)

This chapter begins an Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) discussion about face-centered cubic (FCC) materials with a focus on nickel (Ni) and particularly on Ni-base superalloys, comprised primarily of Ni and up to ten other alloying elements. The first application is to the CALculation of PHAse Diagram (CALPHAD approach) to demonstrate how thermodynamic databases can be supplemented with electronic structure calculations to better predict phase stability in Ni alloy systems. The second application involves utilizing a secondary creep rate model to ultimately rank the effectiveness of elements that can be used to improve Ni-base superalloys. The chapter shows that first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) can lay the groundwork for Ni-base superalloy design at higher length scales. It demonstrates the wide variety of types of data generated by first-principles calculations, from bulk thermodynamic data, to mechanical properties, to kinetic properties.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Active Cs2O/Ru/Pr6O11 as a Catalyst for Ammonia Decomposition. (2010)

Abstract The new catalyst Cs 2 O/5 wt.% Ru/Pr 6 O 11 , in which Pr 6 O 11 is the support and Cs 2 O the promoter almost completely decomposes NH 3 at 673 K and exhibits an NH 3 conversion of 14% even at temperatures as low as 523 K.
Die Kinetik des Zerfalls von Ditertiärbutylperoxid bei hohen Drücken und Temperaturen / The Kinetic of the Decomposition of Di-tertiary-butyl-peroxide up to High Pressures and Temperatures (1979)

Abstract The decomposition of di-tertiary-butyl-peroxide dissolved in n-heptane has been measured ir-spectroscopically up to pressures of 2300 bar at temperatures between 140 °C and 200 °C. The reaction follows a first order rate law with an activation energy E a = 151.4 ± 1.6 kJ mol -1 and an activation volume ΔV ǂ = 10.1 ± 1.1 cm 3 mol -1 . The effectivity of the peroxide decomposition is discussed.
Is your cloud elastic enough? (2012)

Elasticity, the ability to rapidly scale resources up and down on demand, is an essential feature of public cloud platforms. However, it is difficult to understand the elasticity requirements of a given application and workload, and if the elasticity provided by a cloud provider will meet those requirements. We introduce the elasticity mechanisms of a typical Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) cloud platform (inspired by Amazon EC2). We have enhanced our Service Oriented Performance Modelling method and tool to model and predict the elasticity characteristics of three realistic applications and workloads on this cloud platform. We compare the pay-as-you-go instance costs and end-user response time service level agreements for different elasticity scenarios. The model is also able to predict the elasticity requirements (in terms of the maximum instance spin-up time) for the three applications. We conclude with an analysis of the results.
Modeling Brain–Heart Crosstalk Information in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury (2021)

The presence of a negative relationship between mortality and brain-heart crosstalks indicators suggests that a healthy brain-cardiovascular interaction plays a role in TBI.
Real-Time Active-Reactive Optimal Power Flow with Flexible Operation of Battery Storage Systems (2020)

In this paper, a multi-phase multi-time-scale real-time dynamic active-reactive optimal power flow (RT-DAR-OPF) framework is developed to optimally deal with spontaneous changes in wind power in distribution networks (DNs) with battery storage systems (BSSs). The most challenging issue hereby is that a large-scale ‘dynamic’ (i.e., with differential/difference equations rather than only algebraic equations) mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem has to be solved in real time. Moreover, considering the active-reactive power capabilities of BSSs with flexible operation strategies, as well as minimizing the expended life costs of BSSs further increases the complexity of the problem. To solve this problem, in the first phase, we implement simultaneous optimization of a huge number of mixed-integer decision variables to compute optimal operations of BSSs on a day-to-day basis. In the second phase, based on the forecasted wind power values for short prediction horizons, wind power scenarios are generated to describe uncertain wind power with non-Gaussian distribution. Then, MINLP AR-OPF problems corresponding to the scenarios are solved and reconciled in advance of each prediction horizon. In the third phase, based on the measured actual values of wind power, one of the solutions is selected, modified, and realized to the network for very short intervals. The applicability of the proposed RT-DAR-OPF is demonstrated using a medium-voltage DN.