gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Dispersed Heteropoly Acid on Mesoporous Zeolite Using Solid-State 31P NMR Spin−Lattice Relaxation (2009)

Dispersion and quantitative characterization of supported catalysts is a grand challenge in catalytic science. In this paper, heteropoly acid H(3)PW(12)O(40) (HPA) is dispersed on mesoporous zeolite silicalite-1 derived from hydrothermal synthesis using carbon black nanoparticle templates, and the catalytic activity is studied for 1-butene isomerization. The HPAs supported on conventional zeolite and on mesoporous zeolite exhibit very different activities and thus provide good model systems to investigate the structure dependence of the catalytic properties. The HPA on mesoporous silicalite-1 shows enhanced catalytic activity for 1-butene isomerization, while HPA on conventional silicalite-1 exhibits low activity. To elucidate the structural difference, supported HPA catalysts are characterized using a variety of techniques, including (31)P magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance, and are shown to contain a range of species on both mesoporous and conventional zeolites. However, contrary to studies reported in the literature, conventional NMR techniques and chemical shifts alone do not provide sufficient information to distinguish the dispersed and aggregated surface species. The dispersed phase and the nondispersed phase can only be unambiguously and quantitatively characterized using spin-lattice relaxation NMR techniques. The HPA supported on mesoporous zeolite contains a fast relaxation component related to the dispersed catalyst, giving a much higher activity, while the HPA supported on conventional zeolite has essentially only the slow relaxation component with very low activity. The results obtained from this work demonstrate that the combination of spinning sideband fitting and spin-lattice relaxation techniques can provide detailed structural information on not only the Keggin structure for HPA but also the degree of dispersion on the support.
Standard whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) with supplemental oxygen (O2), with or without RSR13 (efaproxiral)in patients with brain metastases: Results of the randomized REACH (RT-009) study (2004)

1534 Background: Brain metastases represent a common cause of morbidity and mortality among cancer pts. The effectiveness of WBRT as primary therapy for brain metastases is limited by tissue hypoxia, which has been shown to cause radioresistance in solid tumors. RSR13 (efaproxiral) is a novel radiation sensitizer that acts as an allosteric modifier of hemoglobin, facilitates O2 release and decreases tissue hypoxia. Methods: A randomized, open-label Phase 3 study was conducted comparing RSR13 and WBRT to WBRT alone in pts. with newly diagnosed brain metastases from various solid tumors. In the RSR13 arm (n=271), pts. received RSR13 (75–100 mg/kg/d, IV) plus O2 followed by WBRT (30 Gy, 3 Gy/d x 10 days). In the Control arm (n=267), pts. received WBRT plus O2. The primary endpoint was survival. Secondary endpoints were RR in the brain, TTP, cause of death and QoL. Results: A total of 538 pts. were enrolled over 29 months at 82 sites in 12 countries. In the overall study population (n=538), the RSR13 arm demonstrated a 17.6% improvement in median survival time (MST) over the Control arm (5.26 mo vs. 4.47 mo; p=0.17). The survival benefit for RSR13 was statistically significant in a Cox multiple regression model (Hazard Ratio 0.78 [95% CI 0.64, 0.94], p=0.010). Pts. with breast cancer or NSCLC (n=414) receiving RSR13 had a 32.4% increase in MST vs. Control (5.91 vs. 4.47 mo; p=0.12). In pts. with breast cancer (n=115) the MST almost doubled in those who received RSR13 vs. Control (8.67 vs. 4.57 mo; p=0.006). The percentage of breast cancer pts. with stable/improved KPS at 3 months was significantly higher in the RSR13 arm (35% vs 18%, p=0.001). Related SAEs that are part of the RSR13 safety profile occurred in 7% of pts. The most common RSR13-related SAE was hypoxemia (3.4 %), which is dose-dependent and effectively managed with increased supplemental O2. Conclusions: The addition of RSR13 to WBRT was well tolerated and led to a 22% reduction in the risk of death for all pts. A near doubling in MST and significant improvement in QoL were observed in pts. with brain metastases from breast cancer. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Allos Therapeutics, Inc. Allos Therapeutics Allos Therapeutics, Inc. Allos Therapeutics
PEPscan: A Broad Spectrum Approach for the Characterization of Protein-Binder Interactions? (2022)

In a previous study, we have shown that PEPscan can provide a cheap and rapid means to identify candidate interfering peptides (IPs), i.e., peptides able to disrupt a target protein-protein interaction. PEPscan was shown to be effective in identifying a limited number of candidate IPs specific to the target interaction. Here, we investigate the results of 14 new PEPscan experiments for protein complexes of known 3D structures. We show that for almost all complexes, PEPscan is able to identify candidate IPs that are located at the protein-protein interface. The information it provides about the binding site seems, however, too ambiguous to be exploited in a simple manner to assist the modeling of protein complexes. Moreover, these candidates are associated with false positives. For these, we suggest they could correspond to non-specific binders, which leaves room for further optimization of the PEPscan protocol. Another unexpected advance comes from the observation of the applicability of PEPscan for polysaccharides and labeled peptides, suggesting that PEPscan could become a large spectrum approach to investigate protein-binder interactions, the binder not necessarily being a protein.
Unsourced Random Access With Authentication and Joint Downlink Acknowledgements (2021)

In massive access scenarios, an unknown subset of a very large number of wireless devices transmit small packets to the base station (BS) in an uncoordinated manner. These scenarios have been a hot research topic in the context of 5G/Beyond-5G as they pose many challenges and require the design of highly efficient and lightweight communication protocols. This has inspired the paradigm of unsourced random access (U-RA) as a way to simplify multi-user decoding and reduce overhead in the uplink. However U-RA, being mainly a physical layer approach, lacks the ability to identify and authenticate users, which needs to be taken into account. Another important functionality is the transmission of acknowledgements (ACK) in the downlink. The naïve method of sending a dedicated message to each user may not be feasible in the massive random access scenario, thus a solution is to provide jointly encoded ACKs, which can achieve much higher efficiency at the cost of introducing false positives. In this paper we consider a system that combines U-RA with joint ACKs transmitted in the downlink. We focus on the systematic description and analysis of the false positives, as well as the design options, and the associated trade-offs among reliability, rate of retransmissions and power efficiency.
Aziridines. 27. Synthesis and reactions of 4-aroyl-tetrahydro-2H-1,2,4-oxadiazines (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAziridines. 27. Synthesis and reactions of 4-aroyl-tetrahydro-2H-1,2,4-oxadiazinesMark A. Calcagno, Harold W. Heine, Chris Kruse, and W. Andrew KofkeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 2, 162–166Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00916a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00916a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views115Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Separation of Americium and Plutonium Achieved by Facilitated Transport through Fixed Site Carrier Membranes Utilizing CMPO Ligands (2003)

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Ergonomic evaluation of tasks performed by female workers in the unorganized sectors of the manual brick manufacturing units in India (2010)

Manual brick manufacturing units in India, especially in the unorganized sectors, employ a large number of female workers. In the present investigation, an attempt was made to ergonomically evaluate the posture and the musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) of the female workers engaged in the brick manufacturing units. Two main types of task are performed by the female workers in the brick fields in the unorganized sectors viz, brick moulding and brick carrying. Modified Nordic Questionnaire and Body Part Discomfort (BPD) scale was applied on these workers to identify the MSDs and the zones of discomfort in different body parts. Four different types of postural analyses viz, OWAS, RULA, REBA and LUBA were done to find out the postural load of the female workers at work. Statistical analyses showed that the zones of maximum discomfort for the female moulders are the low back (9.3±1.45), followed by the calf muscles (8.3±1.09), trunk (8.2±1.33), ankle (8.1±1.73), and wrist (8.0±1.71). On the other hand, the maximum discomfort zones in the brick carriers are the head (9.2±1.63) followed by the neck (8.8±1.21), trunk (8.4±1.61) and low back (8.2±1.59). Thus, immediate ergonomic interventions are needed to prevent the MSDs by correcting the harmful working postures and to reduce their work stress.
Effects of Crystallographic Orientation on Mobility, Surface State Density, and Noise in p-Type Inversion Layers on Oxidized Silicon Surfaces (1969)

Experimental results are reported concerning the anisotropy of surface state density, N s s , 1/ f -type equivalent noise voltaze, V N , and field effect mobilitv, µ F E , in p -channel MOS transistors with various crystallographic orientations in &lt;011&gt; and &lt;001&gt; zones. The amounts of V N and N s s are strongly correlated to each other, and both appear to be smallest around (811)-oriented surfaces. µ F E under strong electric field normal to the surface shows no apparent correlation to N s s , but is markedly dependent on the direction of current flow on each surface except (111) and (100): µ F E is maximum in the direction parallel to [011̄] on (011) plane and µ F E ⊥[011̄] is higher than µ F E //[011̄] on the planes between (111) and (100). The mobility anisotropy is interpreted in terms of the effective mass anisotropy caused by quantized hole motion, considering that the energy band structure at high energy remarkably differs from the one at lower energy.
Quantum functional sensitivity analysis for the collinear H+H2 reaction rate coefficient (1992)

The effects of features in the potential energy surface on the collinear H+H2 reaction rate coefficient are investigated by the method of quantum functional sensitivity analysis (QFSA). The calculations use QFSA to connect features in the microscopic realm, with their response upon macroscopic quantities of chemical interest, via the intermediary sensitivities of the reactive transition probabilities. While the sensitivities of the individual transition probabilities show considerable structure, there is an attendant loss of structure in the rate coefficient sensitivities because of the thermal averaging. For the range of temperatures used in our study (200–2400 K), the most important region of the potential energy surface is found to be not at the top of the barrier, but rather at the lower energy shoulders of the barrier. There are also regions near the barrier where an increase in the potential surface actually increases the reaction rate! The effects of using different underlying potentials [the Porter–Karplus (PK2), Liu–Siegbahn–Truhlar–Horowitz (LSTH), and double many-body expansion (DMBE) surfaces] on the nature of the results were also compared. The absolute sensitivity magnitudes on the PK2 surface vary considerably from the other two, but the relative change in the rate coefficient is about the same on all three surfaces. Furthermore, the identified regions of importance on the potential surfaces remain essentially the same. The reactive scattering calculations were performed with the log-derivative version of the Kohn variational principle.
Preparation of Telechelic Polysilylenes:  A General Methodology for the Synthesis of Polysilylene-Based Triblock Copolymers (1999)

Telechelic polysilylenes have been developed involving the chemical degradation of poly(di-n-hexylsilylene) with bromine. The molecular weight of the newly formed telechelic PDHS depends on the ratio of bromine to the starting PDHS. The percentage of end groups increases as the molecular weight of the telechelic PDHS is lowered, reaching a maximum of 99% difunctionality. Polystyrene−PDHS−polystyrene triblock copolymers have been prepared by coupling polystyryllithium to the telechelic PDHS in the presence of cryptand [2.1.1]. The effect of molecular weight on the disordering transition of PDHS into a columnar mesophase has been studied, and temperature and enthalpy have been shown to decrease by the presence of the PS end groups and eventually became unobservable at high fractions of PS. The morphologies of the triblock copolymers were studied by atomic force microscopy.
Spatial sound-field reproduction by wave-field synthesis (1995)

The wave-field synthesis method is used for a natural reproduction of sound in living rooms, cinemas, and theaters. Wave-field synthesis gives a much larger listening area with correct virtual directions and spatial impression than can be obtained with conventional reproduction methods. Starting with a summary of the theory for an infinitely long linear array of reproduction loudspeakers, simulations show the effects of finite array length and distance between the loudspeakers. A strategy is presented for practical realization of this new system by making use of the notional source concept, including compatibility with two-channel stereophony.
Class I genes and molecules: an update. (1986)

Introduction 3 Organization as a gene family 4 Intragenic organization 4 Intron-exon organization 4 The 3' untranslated region and locus specificity 4 Nucleotide conservation of introns and exons 6 Evolution of class I genes 6 Gene conversion as a means of generating diversity 7 Multiple products from a single gene 8 Alternative splicing of RNA can produce different products from a single gene 8 Post-translational modification 8 Determinants important for T-cell recognition 9 Studies using naturally occurring class I variants 9 Studies using altered genes produced by exon shuffling and in vitro mutagenesis 11 The Qa/TL molecules 11 Expression of class I molecules 12 Class I expression and viral oncogenesis 13 Conclusion 13
Austempering Process for Carburized Low Alloy Steels (2013)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;There is a continual need to apply heat treatment processes in innovative ways to optimize material performance. One such application studied in this research is carburizing followed by austempering of low carbon alloy steels, AISI 8620, AISI 8822 and AISI 4320, to produce components with high strength and toughness. This heat treatment process was applied in two steps; first, carburization of the surface of the parts, second, the samples were quenched from austenitic temperature at a rate fast enough to avoid the formation of ferrite or pearlite and then held at a temperature just above the martensite starting temperature to partially or fully form bainite. Any austenite which was not transformed during austempering, upon further cooling formed martensite or was present as retained austenite. The final result was a high-carbon surface layer of bainite or martensite which is expected to have good wear and fatigue resistance and a low carbon bainite and/or martensite core to provide toughness.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The effect of the austempering temperature and time was studied for the three types of steel. A combination of three austempering temperatures, 260, 288 and 304°C and three times 1, 2 and 4 hours provided seven different heat treatments that were applied to the three types of alloy steel selected for the tests. Charpy tests were done on all the heat-treated steels to determine the differences in toughness due to the material and heat treatment conditions. The surface hardness and the geometric distortion were measured as well. The results obtained for the carburize/austemper process were compared to results obtained for the more traditional carburize/quench/temper process. One of the important conclusions was that the distortion produced by the carburize/austemper process was significantly less than the distortion produced by the carburize/quench/temper process. The results can be used to help select the best heat treatment conditions and materials for applications that include transmission shafts, output shafts, pump shafts, differential pinions, splines and parking pawls.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
VIDEO-BASED POINT CLOUD GENERATION USING MULTIPLE ACTION CAMERAS (2015)

Abstract. Due to the development of action cameras, the use of video technology for collecting geo-spatial data becomes an important trend. The objective of this study is to compare the image-mode and video-mode of multiple action cameras for 3D point clouds generation. Frame images are acquired from discrete camera stations while videos are taken from continuous trajectories. The proposed method includes five major parts: (1) camera calibration, (2) video conversion and alignment, (3) orientation modelling, (4) dense matching, and (5) evaluation. As the action cameras usually have large FOV in wide viewing mode, camera calibration plays an important role to calibrate the effect of lens distortion before image matching. Once the camera has been calibrated, the author use these action cameras to take video in an indoor environment. The videos are further converted into multiple frame images based on the frame rates. In order to overcome the time synchronous issues in between videos from different viewpoints, an additional timer APP is used to determine the time shift factor between cameras in time alignment. A structure form motion (SfM) technique is utilized to obtain the image orientations. Then, semi-global matching (SGM) algorithm is adopted to obtain dense 3D point clouds. The preliminary results indicated that the 3D points from 4K video are similar to 12MP images, but the data acquisition performance of 4K video is more efficient than 12MP digital images.
Mobile Security Catching Up? Revealing the Nuts and Bolts of the Security of Mobile Devices (2011)

We are currently moving from the Internet society to a mobile society where more and more access to information is done by previously dumb phones. For example, the number of mobile phones using a full blown OS has risen to nearly200% from Q3/2009 to Q3/2010. As a result, mobile security is no longer immanent, but imperative. This survey paper provides a concise overview of mobile network security, attack vectors using the back end system and the web browser, but also the hardware layer and the user as attack enabler. We show differences and similarities between "normal" security and mobile security, and draw conclusions for further research opportunities in this area.
ChemInform Abstract: NEW SYNTHESIS OF KARAHANA ETHER (1980)

Abstract Auf dem im Formelschema skizzierten Weg wird der gesuchte Ether (VIII) dargestellt.
A transient tobacco expression system coupled to MALDI‐TOF‐MS allows validation of the impact of differential targeting on structure and activity of a recombinant therapeutic glycoprotein produced in plants (2003)

Tobacco-based transient expression was employed to elucidate the impact of differential targeting to subcellular compartments on activity and quality of gastric lipase as a model for the production of recombinant glycoproteins in plants. Overall N-linked glycan structures of recombinant lipase were analyzed and for the first time sugar structures of its four individual N-glycosylation sites were determined in situ by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) on a trypsin digest without isolation or deglycosylation of the peptides. Three glycosylation sites contain both complex-type N-glycans and high-mannose-type structures, the fourth is exclusively linked to high-mannose glycans. Although the overall pattern of glycan structures is influenced by the targeting, our results show that the type of glycans found linked to a given Asn residue is largely influenced by the physico-chemical environment of the site. The transient tobacco system combined with MALDI-TOF-MS appears to be a useful tool for the evaluation of glycoprotein production in plants.
Glycolipids (2007)

The sections in this article are 1 Introduction 2 Glycolipid Headgroup Structure 3 Glycolipid Dynamics 4 1 H and 13 C Magic Angle Spinning 5 Biographical Sketch Related Articles
Supramolecular Mimic for Bottlebrush Polymers in Bulk (2019)

A series of poly(tetrahydrofuran)s with molecular weights above entanglement molecular weight <i>M</i> <sub>e</sub> were synthesized, and one of their end-groups was functionalized with a supramolecular entity so that the corresponding polymers form a brushlike structure suitable for comparison with conventional irreversible bottlebrush polymers. To compare their relaxation mechanisms, linear rheology was employed and showed that a hierarchical relaxation, which is usually observed in bottlebrush polymers, occurs in these materials, too. The polymer chain segments close to the supramolecular backbone are highly immobilized due to strong association in the center of polymer brush and cannot relax via reptation mechanism, which is mainly responsible for linear entangled polymer relaxations. Therefore, disentanglement can take much longer through contour length fluctuations and arm retraction processes similar to covalent bottlebrush polymers and combs. The relaxed ends of polymers then act as solvent to let the remaining segments of the polymeric brush undergo Rouse-like motions (constraint release Rouse). At longer times, additional plateau appears, which can be attributed to the relaxation of the entire supramolecular bottlebrush polymer via hopping or reptative motions. With an increase of temperature, viscoelastic solid behavior turns into viscoelastic liquid due to reversible depolymerization of the supramolecular backbone of the bottlebrush polymer. The elastic modulus (<i>G</i>' in the order of kPa) was much less than the values found for the entanglement plateau modulus of linear poly(tetrahydrofuran) (in order of MPa). This low modulus value, which exists up to very low frequencies (high temperatures), makes them a good candidate for supersoft elastomers.