gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The dual-zone therapeutic concept of managing immediate implant placement and provisional restoration in anterior extraction sockets. (2012)

Improvements in implant designs have helped advance successful immediate anterior implant placement into fresh extraction sockets. Clinical techniques described in this case enable practitioners to achieve predictable esthetic success using a method that limits the amount of buccal contour change of the extraction site ridge and potentially enhances the thickness of the peri-implant soft tissues coronal to the implant-abutment interface. This approach involves atraumatic tooth removal without flap elevation, and placing a bone graft into the residual gap around an immediate fresh-socket anterior implant with a screw-retained provisional restoration acting as a prosthetic socket seal device.
Reverse quantum annealing of the p-spin model with relaxation (2020)

In reverse quantum annealing, the initial state is an eigenstate of the final problem Hamiltonian and the transverse field is cycled rather than strictly decreased as in standard (forward) quantum annealing. We present a numerical study of the reverse quantum annealing protocol applied to the $p$-spin model ($p=3$), including pausing, in an open-system setting accounting for dephasing in the energy eigenbasis, which results in thermal relaxation. We consider both independent and collective dephasing and demonstrate that in both cases the open-system dynamics substantially enhances the performance of reverse annealing. Namely, including dephasing overcomes the failure of purely closed-system reverse annealing to converge to the ground state of the $p$-spin model. We demonstrate that pausing further improves the success probability. The collective dephasing model leads to somewhat better performance than independent dephasing. The protocol we consider corresponds closely to the one implemented in the current generation of commercial quantum annealers, and our results help to explain why recent experiments demonstrated enhanced success probabilities under reverse annealing and pausing.
Unified description of Brillouin scattering in micro- and nano- structured waveguides based on the electrostrictive force (2012)

International audience
Minimum Information about an Uncultivated Virus Genome (MIUViG) (2018)

We present an extension of the Minimum Information about any (x) Sequence (MIxS) standard for reporting sequences of uncultivated virus genomes. Minimum Information about an Uncultivated Virus Genome (MIUViG) standards were developed within the Genomic Standards Consortium framework and include virus origin, genome quality, genome annotation, taxonomic classification, biogeographic distribution and in silico host prediction. Community-wide adoption of MIUViG standards, which complement the Minimum Information about a Single Amplified Genome (MISAG) and Metagenome-Assembled Genome (MIMAG) standards for uncultivated bacteria and archaea, will improve the reporting of uncultivated virus genomes in public databases. In turn, this should enable more robust comparative studies and a systematic exploration of the global virosphere.
Tag and Resource-Aware Collaborative Filtering Algorithms for Resource Recommendation (2010)

Recommender systems suggest resources to users based on collaborative filtering techniques, typically by exploiting correlations between individual user ratings of the resources they are interested in. Tags are a new form of metadata increasingly used in social bookmarking sites by users to annotate bookmarked resources. Our goal is to harness the implicit knowledge contained in these tags to improve the quality of recommendations to users. We use both tag and resource-interest knowledge in our user-based collaborative filtering algorithms to profile users and compute similarity between them. Sparsity is a challenge which occurs in a Social Recommendation System when the number of tags and resources to profile a user are inadequate to provide good quality recommendations. To address this problem, we designed a Tripartite Nearest Neighbor Algorithm (TRNNA) which combines three views of the data: the tags (TNNA), the resources (RNNA) and the collection of tags for a resource (Resource Vector of Tags or RVTA). TRNNA computes distance between users based on Cosine Similarity, which in turn is used to provide a high quality recommendation of resources. Our empirical evaluation, based on a user study in which research papers were recommended to participants and relevance of recommendation was evaluated, indicates that TRNNA and RNNA provide better recommendation than TNNA and RVTA.
Human Papillomavirus 16-Associated Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Humans Excludes CD8 T Cells from Dysplastic Epithelium (2010)

High-grade cervical dysplasia caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 is a lesion that should be susceptible to an HPV-specific immune response; disease initiation and persistence is predicated on expression of two viral Ags, E6 and E7. In immune-competent subjects, at least 25% of HPV16(+) high-grade cervical dysplasia lesions undergo complete regression. However, in the peripheral blood, naturally occurring IFN-γ T cell responses to HPV E6 and E7 are weak, requiring ex vivo sensitization to detect, and are not sufficiently sensitive to predict regression. In this study, we present immunologic data directly assessing cervical lymphocytes from this cohort. We found that nearly all cervical tissue T cells express the mucosal homing receptor, α(4)β(7) surface integrin. T cells isolated from dysplastic mucosa were skewed toward a central memory phenotype compared with normal mucosal resident T cells, and dysplastic lesions expressed transcripts for CCL19 and CCL21, raising the possibility that the tissue itself sustains a response that is not detectable in the blood. Moreover, lesion regression in the study window could retrospectively be predicted at study entry by the ability of CD8(+) T cells to gain access to lesional epithelium. Vascular endothelial expression of mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1, the ligand that supports entry of α(4)β(7)(+) T cells into tissues, colocalized tightly with the distribution of CD8 T cells and was not expressed in persistent dysplastic epithelium. These findings suggest that dysregulated expression of vascular adhesion molecules plays a role in immune evasion very early in the course of HPV disease.
Stage-I Interstitials in Electron-Irradiated Tungsten (1969)

Single crystals and polycrystalline 5-mil tungsten wires of high purity were irradiated at 20\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K with 2.5-MeV electrons. Stage-I defect behavior was studied by internal friction, dynamic Young's-modulus, and resistivity measurements. The friction and modulus samples were electrostatically driven at their fundamental flexural mode (\ensuremath{\sim}600 Hz). After irradiation, a prominent but transient internal-friction peak was observed at 30\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. Simultaneous resistivity and mechanical-property measurements during isochronal annealing indicates that the friction peak recovers during a major close-pair recovery substage, and that long-range interstitial motion occurs between 45 and 100\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. Arguments are presented which identify the stress-induced ordering of the interstitial members of close Frenkel pairs as the source of the 30\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K relaxation peak. Single-crystal results on relaxation strength versus stress direction suggest that the interstitials are not 111&gt; but most probably are 110&gt; split interstitials. Defect asymmetry and activation energies for reorientation (${E}_{r}=0.066\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.01$ eV) and annealing (${E}_{a}=0.11\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.01$ eV) are determined for the 30\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K process. A discussion of internal-friction background increase with heavy irradiation is also presented.
Additive manufacturing of ZrO2‐Al2O3 ceramic components by selective laser melting (2013)

Purpose The purpose this paper is to develop an additive manufacturing (AM) technique for high‐strength oxide ceramics. The process development aims at directly manufacturing fully dense ceramic freeform‐components with good mechanical properties. Design/methodology/approach The selective laser melting of the ceramic materials zirconia and alumina has been investigated experimentally. The approach followed up is to completely melt ZrO 2 /Al 2 O 3 powder mixtures by a focused laser beam. In order to reduce thermally induced stresses, the ceramic is preheated to a temperature of at least 1,600°C during the build up process. Findings It is possible to manufacture ceramic objects with almost 100 percent density, without any sintering processes or any post‐processing. Crack‐free specimens have been manufactured that have a flexural strength of more than 500 MPa. Manufactured objects have a fine‐grained two‐phase microstructure consisting of tetragonal zirconia and alpha‐alumina. Research limitations/implications Future research may focus on improving the surface quality of manufactured components, solving issues related to the cold powder deposition on the preheated ceramic, further increasing the mechanical strength and transferring the technology from laboratory scale to industrial application. Practical implications Potential applications of this technique include manufacturing individual all‐ceramic dental restorations, ceramic prototypes and complex‐shaped ceramic components that cannot be made by any other manufacturing technique. Originality/value This new manufacturing technique based on melting and solidification of high‐performance ceramic material has some significant advantages compared to laser sintering techniques or other manufacturing techniques relying on solid‐state sintering processes.
Fear of living (1995)

<b>Objective: </b> To assess the safety of galantamine in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), the ability of galantamine to benefit cognition and global functioning in subjects with MCI, and the ability of galantamine to delay conversion to dementia. <b>Methods: </b> In two studies, 2,048 subjects, 990 in Study 1 and 1,058 in Study 2, with a Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) = 0.5, CDR memory score ≥0.5, without dementia were randomized to double-blind galantamine (16–24 mg/day) or placebo for 24 months. Primary efficacy endpoint at month 24 was number (%) of subjects who converted from MCI to dementia (CDR ≥ 1.0). <b>Results: </b> There were no differences between galantamine and placebo in 24-month conversion rates (Study 1: 22.9% [galantamine] vs 22.6% [placebo], <i>p</i> = 0.146; Study 2: 25.4% [galantamine] vs 31.2% [placebo], <i>p</i> = 0.619). Mean CDR-sum of boxes declined less with galantamine than placebo at 12 and 24 months in Study 1 (<i>p</i> = 0.024 [12 months] and <i>p</i> = 0.028 [24 months]), but not in Study 2 (<i>p</i> = 0.662 [12 months] and <i>p</i> = 0.056 [24 months]). Digit Symbol Substitution Test scores improved with galantamine in Study 1 at 12 months and in Study 2 at 24 months (Study 1: <i>p</i> = 0.009 [month 12] and <i>p</i> = 0.079 [Month 24]; Study 2: <i>p</i> = 0.154 [month 12] and <i>p</i> = 0.020 [month 24]). The most frequently reported adverse event was nausea (galantamine, 29%; placebo, 10%). Serious AEs occurred in 19% of each group. Mortality of the cohort after retrospectively determining the status of subjects (98.3%) at 24 months was 1.4% (galantamine) and 0.3% (placebo); RR (95% CI), 1.70 (1.00, 2.90). <b>Conclusions: </b> Galantamine failed to significantly influence conversion to dementia. Galantamine was generally well tolerated. Whereas recorded mortality was greater in the galantamine group than in the placebo group in the original per-protocol assessment, a post hoc analysis of the cohort was consistent with no increased risk.
10 GHz colliding pulse mode locked laser with electrical and optical injection synchronization (2005)

We report electrical and optical injection locking of an InP colliding pulse mode locked laser emitting synchronized, nearly transform-limited output pulses at 10.3 GHz, fabricated by active-passive integration and a single step regrowth process.
13C NMR of coumarins. II—Khellactones: Spectroscopic criteria to establish the relative configuration of the dihydropyran ring (1989)

Abstract The 13 C NMR data of several khellactone derivatives are reported. 1 H NMR‐based stereochemical criteria are evaluated, and a new criterion based on 13 C NMR is proposed to establish the relative configuration at C‐3′ and C‐4′ using ΔδC‐3′ between trans and cis isomers and Δδgem(Me) 2 values. The structure of trans ‐4′‐methylkhellactone was determined by x‐ray analysis.
A study on Korean Culture Contents' best strategy to China market - Focusing on Chinese culture industry issue survey and the interviews with Chinese culture experts (2014)

본 연구는 최근 중국 문화산업의 주요 Issue들을 살펴보고, 한류 3.0시대에 방송드라마, 영화, 3D, CG/VFX, 전시, 미디어파사드, 홀로그램, 광고, 공연 등 한국문화콘텐츠산업의 올바른 중국 진출을 위한 마케팅 전략 방안을 제시하고자 중국내 문화산업 전문가들의 심층 인터뷰 (Depth Interview) 와 표적집단 면접(Focus Group Interview)을 통해, 중국의 문화산업계가 한국 측에 원하는 실질적인 내용의 수요조사연구를 실행하였다.<BR> 최근 중국 문화산업의 주요 Issue는, 중국 정부차원에서 전략적으로 미래 미디어산업의 활성화와 자국문화산업의 보호를 위해, 인터넷 온라인, 모바일 플랫폼에 기반을 둔 뉴미디어 정책을 실행하고 있다는 것이었다. 이를 위한 방안의 하나로 중국 정부는 온라인 동영상업체를 적극적으로 육성하고 있으며, 중국의 문화소비자들에게 큰 붐을 일으키고 있는 입체 3D와 홀로그램 등과 같은 첨단 영상기술을 통한 미래 뉴미디어 산업의 경쟁력 강화방안에 대해서 매우 고심하고 있다는 것을 파악하였다.<BR> 이러한 배경에서 심층면접에 참여한 중국 문화산업 전문가들은 한국의 문화콘텐츠 전문가들이 기존 방식처럼 단순히 콘텐츠 자체의 대중국향 수출 보다는 한국 문화콘텐츠 제작시스템, 기술, 인력 등의 복합적인 교류와 다양한 한중합작과 공동제작을 통한 중국자체적인 문화콘텐츠 제작참여를 강력하게 희망하고 있었다. 이처럼 중국측 문화전문가들은 과거와 같은 한국의 중국에 대한 일방적 수출이 아닌 한중양국 문화산업의 상호교류와 상대 시장에 대한 호혜적인 상호진출을 통해서 중국시장의 개방과 합리적인 수익분배에도 의향이 있음을 확인하였다.<BR> 본격적인 한류 3.0시대에 들어선 2014년 올해를 기점으로, 방송, 영화, 음악, 전시, 공연, 광고 등 더욱 다양한 분야에서 한중합작 활동들이 이뤄질 것으로 기대되고 있는 바, 이 연구를 기초로 중국 문화산업시장에 대한 근본적인 이해와 올바른 마케팅전략을 수립하고, 이후 한류 4.0시대를 준비하는 것이 매우 바람직할 것으로 생각된다.
Enhanced Battery Power Constraint Handling in MPC-Based HEV Energy Management: A Two-Phase Dual-Model Approach (2021)

This article presents a novel two-phase dual-model approach to more appropriately handle battery power constraint in model predictive control (MPC)-based hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) energy management. The approach fuses two typical battery models with different fidelities in two consecutive phases of MPC's prediction horizon, where more accurate first-order resistor-capacitor (RC) model is adopted in the near phase, while a purely ohmic impedance model is used in the more distant phase. More importantly, it is mathematically rigorously proved that the first-order RC model can be reformulated as an equivalent single-state model while preserving accurate voltage calculation, provided that the length of phase one is properly determined. Finally, the formulated optimal energy management problem is solved using a forward dynamic programming (FDP) algorithm. Both numerical examination and model in the loop (MiL) test using an experimentally validated forward-facing simulator demonstrate that compared with traditional approach, the proposed approach can achieve better optimality in the condition of very sparse state discretization, which is imperative for real-time implementation.
Modal Sensors/Actuators (1990)

A piezoelectric laminate theory that uses the piezoelectric phenomenon to effect distributed control and sensing of structural vibration of a flexible plate has been used to develop a class of distributed sensor/actuators, that of modal sensors/actuators. The one-dimensional modal sensors/actuator equations are first derived theoretically and then examined experimentally. These modal equations indicate that distributed piezoelectric sensors/actuators can be adopted to measure/excite specific modes of one-dimensional plates and beams. If constructed correctly, actuator/observer spillover will not be present in systems adopting these types of sensors/actuators. A mode 1 and a mode 2 sensor for a one-dimensional cantilever plate were constructed and tested to examine the applicability of the modal sensors/actuators. A modal coordinate analyzer which allows us to measure any specific modal coordinate on-line real-time is proposed. Finally, a way to create a special two-dimensional modal sensor is presented.
High pressure drilling system triples ROPS, stymies bit wear (1989)

Recent West Texas field tests of an experiental high-pressure drilling system have nearly tripled typical penetration rates in hard dolomite while putting virtually no visible wear on the bits, even those designed for much softer formations. With this drilling system, developed by FlowDril Corp. of Kent, Wash., and their joint-venture partner Grace Drilling Co., clarified drilling fluids (minimum solids) are pressurized to nearly 30,000 psi and directed to the bottom of the hole through a special nozzle attached to the drill bit. The action of this high pressure stream augments the bit's job, resulting in higher ROPs and decreased bit wear.
UDIS: Unsupervised Discovery of Bias in Deep Visual Recognition Models (2021)

Deep learning models have been shown to learn spurious correlations from data that sometimes lead to systematic failures for certain subpopulations. Prior work has typically diagnosed this by crowdsourcing annotations for various protected attributes and measuring performance, which is both expensive to acquire and difficult to scale. In this work, we propose UDIS, an unsupervised algorithm for surfacing and analyzing such failure modes. UDIS identifies subpopulations via hierarchical clustering of dataset embeddings and surfaces systematic failure modes by visualizing low performing clusters along with their gradient-weighted class-activation maps. We show the effectiveness of UDIS in identifying failure modes in models trained for image classification on the CelebA and MSCOCO datasets.
Thrombopoietin promotes NHEJ DNA repair in hematopoietic stem cells through specific activation of Erk and NF-κB pathways and their target, IEX-1 (2013)

Loss of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function and increased risk of developing hematopoietic malignancies are severe and concerning complications of anticancer radiotherapy and chemotherapy. We have previously shown that thrombopoietin (TPO), a critical HSC regulator, ensures HSC chromosomal integrity and function in response to γ-irradiation by regulating their DNA-damage response. TPO directly affects the double-strand break (DSB) repair machinery through increased DNA-protein kinase (DNA-PK) phosphorylation and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) repair efficiency and fidelity. This effect is not shared by other HSC growth factors, suggesting that TPO triggers a specific signal in HSCs facilitating DNA-PK activation upon DNA damage. The discovery of these unique signaling pathways will provide a means of enhancing TPO-desirable effects on HSCs and improving the safety of anticancer DNA agents. We show here that TPO specifically triggers Erk and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathways in mouse hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Both of these pathways are required for a TPO-mediated increase in DSB repair. They cooperate to induce and activate the early stress-response gene, Iex-1 (ier3), upon DNA damage. Iex-1 forms a complex with pERK and the catalytic subunit of DNA-PK, which is necessary and sufficient to promote TPO-increased DNA-PK activation and NHEJ DSB repair in both mouse and human HSPCs.
Indoor navigation: state of the art and future trends (2021)

Abstract This paper reviews the state of the art and future trends of indoor Positioning, Localization, and Navigation (PLAN). It covers the requirements, the main players, sensors, and techniques for indoor PLAN. Other than the navigation sensors such as Inertial Navigation System (INS) and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), the environmental-perception sensors such as High-Definition map (HD map), Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), camera, the fifth generation of mobile network communication technology (5G), and Internet-of-Things (IoT) signals are becoming important aiding sensors for PLAN. The PLAN systems are expected to be more intelligent and robust under the emergence of more advanced sensors, multi-platform/multi-device/multi-sensor information fusion, self-learning systems, and the integration with artificial intelligence, 5G, IoT, and edge/fog computing.
A game theory based highway cost allocation method with non-denumerable vehicle passage (1992)

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Quantitative and reliable in vitro method combining scanning electron microscopy and image analysis for the screening of osteotropic modulators (2006)

The increased generation and up-regulated activity of bone resorbing cells (osteoclasts) play a part in the impairment of bone remodeling in many bone diseases. Numerous drugs (bisphosphonates, calcitonin, selective estrogen receptor modulators) have been proposed to inhibit this increased osteoclastic activity. In this report, we describe a pit resorption assay quantified by scanning electron microscopy coupled with image analysis. Total rabbit bone cells with large numbers of osteoclasts were cultured on dentin slices. The whole surface of the dentin slice was scanned and both the number of resorption pits and the total resorbed surface area were measured. Resorption pits appeared at 48 h and increased gradually up to 96 h. Despite the observation of a strong correlation between the total resorption area and the number of pits, we suggest that area measurement is the most relevant marker for osteoclastic activity. Osteotropic factors stimulating or inhibiting osteoclastic activity were used to test the variations in resorption activity as measured with our method. This reproducible and sensitive quantitative method is a valuable tool for screening for osteoclastic inhibitors and, more generally, for investigating bone modulators.
USE OF TANTALUM FOR OCULAR DRAINAGE (1949)

THE PURPOSE of the present study was to review past efforts designed to lower the intraocular tension by various types of seton operations and to devise new technics using laboratory animals and suitable human subjects. While the implantation of foreign materials into the eye for the treatment of glaucoma has not been well accepted, either in principle or in ophthalmic practice, the literature contains several enthusiastic reports of this type of procedure. <h3>HISTORICAL REVIEW</h3> In 1906 Rollet and Moreau<sup>1</sup>reported 18 cases in which they treated hypopyon associated with corneal ulcer by a double paracentesis of the lower portion of the cornea, through which punctures a horsehair was threaded. Either end of this seton was glued to the cheek with collodion, and the thread was left in situ for forty-eight hours. The next year Rollet<sup>2</sup>applied this procedure to the treatment of 2 patients with painful absolute glaucoma