gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Versuchstechnische Untersuchungen zu Korrosionsschäden an Winkelstützmauern (2020)

Abstract Stützbauwerke unterliegen, wie andere Bauwerke auch, einer Alterung und Beeinflussung durch ihre Umwelt. Bei Bauwerken aus Stahlbeton resultiert dies oftmals in Betonabplatzungen, vermehrter Rissbildung oder der Korrosion von Bewehrungselementen. Winkelstützmauern werden zumeist in schlanker Bauweise und damit mit einem hohen Bewehrungsgrad hergestellt. Die Hauptbewehrung liegt dabei auf der erdberührten Rückseite und ist von außen nicht sichtbar. Bei der Untersuchung von Stützmauern wurden – besonders in der Arbeitsfuge von Fundament und aufgehender Mauer – vermehrt Korrosionserscheinungen gefunden. Diese beeinflussen die Tragfähigkeit und damit auch die Standsicherheit stark. Großflächigere Untersuchungen haben auch gezeigt, dass das Ausmaß der Korrosion entlang der Arbeitsfuge stark unterschiedlich sein kann. Es ist mit herkömmlichen Methoden schwierig bzw. zumeist nicht möglich, die Bereiche außerhalb der Untersuchungsstellen zu beurteilen. In diesem Beitrag erfolgt ein Überblick zu Schadensbildern, deren Ursachen sowie die Möglichkeiten von Bauwerksuntersuchungen. Darauf aufbauend wird ein Konzept zur messtechnischen Überwachung von Korrosionsschäden an der Hauptbewehrung vorgestellt. Abschließend werden Messergebnisse aus einer experimentellen Versuchsreihe den Ergebnissen einer numerischen Parameterstudie zur Bewehrungskorrosion gegenübergestellt.
Bus encoding for low-power high-performance memory systems (2000)

High-performance memory buses consume large energy as they include termination networks, BiCMOS and/or open-drain output. This paper introduces power reduction techniques for memory systems deliberating on burst-mode transfers over the high-speed bus specifications such as Low Voltage BiCMOS (LVT), Gunning Transfer Logic (GTL+) and Stub Series Termination Logic (SSTL_2) which are widely used. The reduction techniques take both the static and the dynamic power consumption into account because most high-performance bus drivers and end-termination networks dissipate significant static power as well. Extensive performance analysis is conducted through mathematical analysis and trace data-driven simulations. We had reduction of 14% with random data and up to 67.5% with trace data.
[Nervous system diseases in men and women]. (1993)

The authors have collected data from special literature on neurological diseases and grouped them by sex prevalence. Such factors as hereditary, metabolic-endocrine, immunological, emotional, social have great implications in sex distribution of neurological disorders. It is stated that this problem needs further investigation, new methodological approaches which could appear promising in studying pathogenesis of numerous diseases and help in designing effective treatments.
Mister X (2009)

We present Mister X, an innovative hide-and-seek game on smart mobile phones weaving the virtual game mechanics into the real outdoor activity. Mister X is part of the research project Adaptive Mobile Gaming of the University of Bonn funded by and in cooperation with the Deutsche Telekom. It is designed in the spirit of the famous German board game Scotland Yard by Ravensburger.
Numerical study of different loading configurations and stirring methods of reverberation chambers (2007)

Numerical study of different loading configurations and stirring methods of reverberation chambers
Animal models of ALS. (1997)

Animal models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) provide a unique opportunity to study this incurable and fatal human disease both clinically and pathologically. This is particularly true for certain pathological and therapeutic studies that are impractical or impossible to perform in human patients. Nonetheless, postmortem ALS tissue remains the "gold standard" against which pathologic findings in animal models must be compared. Four natural disease models have been most extensively studied, including three mouse models: motor neuron degeneration (Mnd), progressive motor neuronopathy (pmn), wobbler, and one canine model: hereditary canine spinal muscular atrophy (HCSMA). The wobbler mouse has been the most extensively studied of these models with analyses of clinical, pathological (perikaryon, axon, muscle), and biochemical features. Experimentally induced ALS animal models have allowed controlled testing of various neurotoxic, viral and immune-mediated mechanisms. Molecular techniques have recently generated mouse models in which genes relevant to the human disease or motor neuron biology have been manipulated. The most clinically relevant of these is a transgenic mouse overexpressing the mutated SOD1 gene of FALS patients, which has already provided significant insights into mechanisms of motor neuron degeneration in this disease. Because no single animal model perfectly reflects all the clinical and pathological characteristics of ALS, study of selected features from the most relevant models will contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis and/or etiology of this disease.
The use of multiple cameras and geometric constraints for 3-D measurement (1995)

This thesis addresses some of the problems involved in the automation of 3-D photogrammetric measurement using multiple camera viewpoints. The primary research discussed in this thesis concerns the automatic solution of the correspondence problem. This and associated research has led to the development of an automated photograrnmetric measuring system which combines the techniques from both machine vision and photogrammetry. Such a system is likely to contribute greatly to the accessibility of 3-D measurement to non-photogrammetrists who will generally have little knowledge and expertise of photogrammetry. A matching method, which is called the 3-D matching method, is developed in the thesis. This method is based on a 3-D intersection and "epipolar plane", as opposed to the 2-D intersection of the epipolar line method. The method is shown to provide a robust and flexible procedure,especially where camera orientation parameters are not well known. The theory of the method is derived and discussed. It is further developed by combination with a bundle adjustment process to iteratively improve the estimated camera orientations and to gradually introduce legitimate matched target images from multiple cameras. The 3-D target matching method is also optimised using a 3-D space constrained search technique. A globally consistent search is developed in which pseudo target images are defined to overcome problems due to occlusion. Hypothesis based heuristic algorithms are developed to optimise the matching process. This method of solving target correspondences is thoroughly tested and evaluated by simulation and by its use in practical applications. The characteristics of the components necessary for a photogrammetric measuring system are investigated. These include sources of illumination, targets, sensors, lenses, and framegrabbers. Methods are introduced for analysis of their characteristics. CCD cameras are calibrated using both plumb line and self calibration methods. These methods provide an estimation of some of the sources of error, which influence the performance of the system as a whole. The design of an automated photogrammetric measuring system with a number of novel features is discussed and a prototype system is developed for use in a constrained environment. The precision, accuracy, reliability, speed, and flexibility of the developed system are explored in a number of laboratory and experimental applications. Trials show that with further development the system could have commercial value and be used to provide a solution suitable for photogrammetrists and trained operators in a wide range of applications.
WWOX promotes osteosarcoma development via upregulation of Myc (2023)

Abstract Osteosarcoma is an aggressive bone tumor that primarily affects children and adolescents. This malignancy is highly aggressive, associated with poor clinical outcomes, and primarily metastasizes to the lungs. Due to its rarity and biological heterogeneity, limited studies on its molecular basis exist, hindering the development of effective therapies. The WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) is frequently altered in human osteosarcoma. Combined deletion of Wwox and Trp53 using Osterix1-Cre transgenic mice has been shown to accelerate osteosarcoma development. In this study, we generated a traceable osteosarcoma mouse model harboring the deletion of Trp53 alone (single-knockout) or combined deletion of Wwox/Trp53 (double-knockout) and expressing a tdTomato reporter. By tracking Tomato expression at different time points, we detected the early presence of tdTomato-positive cells in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of non-osteosarcoma-bearing mice (young BM). We found that double-knockout young BM cells, but not single-knockout young BM cells, exhibited tumorigenic traits both in vitro and in vivo. Molecular and cellular characterization of these double-knockout young BM cells revealed their resemblance to osteosarcoma tumor cells. Interestingly, one of the observed significant transcriptomic changes in double-knockout young BM cells was the upregulation of Myc and its target genes compared to single-knockout young BM cells. Intriguingly, Myc-chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing revealed its increased enrichment on Myc targets, which were upregulated in double-knockout young BM cells. Restoration of WWOX in double-knockout young BM cells reduced Myc protein levels. As a prototype target, we demonstrated the upregulation of MCM7, a known Myc target, in double-knockout young BM relative to single-knockout young BM cells. Inhibition of MCM7 expression using simvastatin resulted in reduced proliferation and tumor cell growth of double-knockout young BM cells. Our findings reveal BM mesenchymal stem cells as a platform to study osteosarcoma and Myc and its targets as WWOX effectors and early molecular events during osteosarcomagenesis.
Electronic Interpretation of the Reaction of Olefins with Organic Per-acids (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectronic Interpretation of the Reaction of Olefins with Organic Per-acidsDaniel SwernCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 7, 1692–1698Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01199a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01199a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views382Altmetric-Citations119LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Deficiencies in Lung Surfactant Proteins A and D Are Associated with Lung Infection in Very Premature Neonatal Baboons (2001)

Surfactant proteins A (SP-A) and D (SP-D) are important in the innate host defense against pathogenic microorganisms. A deficit in these proteins in premature infants, either because of immaturity or as a consequence of superimposed chronic lung disease (CLD), could increase their susceptibility to infection. The study reported here examined infection in CLD in the premature newborn baboon, and correlated it with the amounts of SP-A and SP-D in lung tissue and lavage fluid. Two groups of baboons were delivered prematurely, at 125 d gestational age (g.a.), and differed principally in whether they developed naturally acquired pulmonary infections and sepsis. Group I animals were ventilated with clinically appropriate oxygen for 6 d and 14 d without clinical incident. Group II animals were ventilated for 5 to 71 d, but differed from those in Group I in that most developed pulmonary infection and/or sepsis. In Group I animals, tissue pools of both SP-A and SP-D were equal to or exceeded those in adults, and lavage pools of SP-A increased progressively with the time of ventilation to about 35% of adult levels after 14 d. In contrast, most Group II animals had concentrations of lavage SP-A that were less than 20% of that in adult animals. A low concentration of lavage SP-A correlated with the release of interleukin-8, and with a high "infection index" based on histopathology, microbiologic cultures, and clinical indications of sepsis. Our data suggest that the amounts of SP-A and SP-D in lavage fluid are indicators of the risk of infection in the evolution of neonatal CLD. Deficits in the amount of lavage SP-A, even after 60 d of ventilation, may have inhibited the resolution of infection and thereby contributed to the developing injury among our Group II animals.
Oil‐in‐Water Emulsions Stabilized by Sodium Caseinate or Whey Protein Isolate as influenced by Glycerol Monostearate (1996)

ABSTRACT Competitive adsorption between glycerol monostearate (GMS) and whey protein isolate (WPI) or sodium caseinate was studied in oil‐in‐water emulsions (20 wt % soya oil, deionized water, pH 7). Addition of GMS resulted in partial displacement of WPI or sodium caseinate from the emulsion interface. SDS‐PAGE showed that GMS altered the adsorbed layer composition in sodium caseinate stabilized emulsions containing &lt; 1.0 wt % protein. Predominance of β‐casein at the interface in the absence of surfactant was reduced in the presence of GMS. The distribution of α‐lactalbumin and β‐lactoglobulin between the aqueous bulk phase and the fat surface in emulsions stabilized with WPI was independent of the concentration of added protein or surfactant.
Donor and Isolation Variables Associated with Human Islet Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Release (2004)

Human islets have chemotactic activity toward macrophages mediated by the secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2/MCP-1) that negatively affect clinical outcome in islet after kidney recipients. The aim of the present work was to identify the donor features and the variables involved in the procedures of islet isolation associated with islet CCL2/MCP-1 release in vitro. We used a retrospective approach studying the outcome in 170 islet isolations. The univariate analysis demonstrated that CCL2/MCP-1 release was significantly associated with the surgical team in charge for organ harvesting, the proteins for dilution solution, the type of gradient, the type of enzyme, and the donor noradrenalin treatment. The multivariate analysis confirmed that the surgical team (P = 0.001) and the enzyme (P = 0.001) were independently associated with in vitro CCL2/MCP-1 islet release (r(2) = 17%). Strategies aimed to optimize the procedures of organ harvesting and islet isolation may reduce the pro-inflammatory properties of the preparation and therefore may improve islet engraftment.
Clickable Synthesis of 1,2,4-Triazole Modified Lignin-Based Adsorbent for the Selective Removal of Cd(II) (2017)

Development of bioadsorbents for efficient removal of heavy metal ions from contaminated water is of great interest but still challenging. In this study, a 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol modified lignin-based adsorbent (LBA) was synthesized through a UV-initiated thiol-yne click reaction chemistry for Cd(II) adsorption. The structure of LBA, prepared by thiol-yne addition reaction, was confirmed and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and elemental analysis. Effects of pH, contact time, initial metal concentration, and temperature on the adsorption of Cd(II) on LBA were studied. Due to multiple thio-triazole units as binding sites, LBA was found to exhibit an adsorption capacity that was 8.6 times that of the raw lignin for Cd(II) adsorption. Pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models were utilized to describe the adsorption kinetics and isotherms, respectively. Furthermore, the study of adsorption selectivity suggested that LBA had high selectivity for adsorbing Cd(II) ions in the presence of other coexisting metal ions in the aqueous solution. The successful synthesis of LBA via a facile thiol-yne click reaction demonstrates a new synthesis method for preparing lignin-based functional materials with modular units and promising adsorption capacity for the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater.
The Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor Mitf Interacts with β-Catenin To Determine Target Gene Expression (2006)

Commitment to the melanocyte lineage is characterized by the onset of expression of the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (Mitf). This transcription factor plays a fundamental role in melanocyte development and maintenance and seems to be crucial for the survival of malignant melanocytes. Furthermore, Mitf has been shown to be involved in cell cycle regulation and to play important functions in self-renewal and maintenance of melanocyte stem cells. Although little is known about how Mitf regulates these various processes, one possibility is that Mitf interacts with other regulators. Here we show that Mitf can interact directly with beta-catenin, the key mediator of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The Wnt signaling pathway plays a critical role in melanocyte development and is intimately involved in triggering melanocyte stem cell proliferation. Significantly, constitutive activation of this pathway is a feature of a number of cancers including malignant melanoma. Here we show that Mitf can redirect beta-catenin transcriptional activity away from canonical Wnt signaling-regulated genes toward Mitf-specific target promoters to activate transcription. Thus, by a feedback mechanism, Mitf can diversify the output of canonical Wnt signaling to enhance the repertoire of genes regulated by beta-catenin. Our results reveal a novel mechanism by which Wnt signaling and beta-catenin activate gene expression, with significant implications for our understanding of both melanocyte development and melanoma.
Spacecraft Swarm Navigation and Control Using Artificial Potential Field and Sliding Mode Control (2006)

The artificial potential field (APF) method provides simple and effective path planners for practical terrestrial robotics control. Sliding mode control (SMC) strategy together with artificial potential field has been used for control of multi-agent systems or swarms. The aim of this work is to examine for the first time the applicability of APF and SMC for spacecraft swarm navigation and control. This paper demonstrates that spacecraft formation flying can be successfully achieved using SMC for closed loop feedback and APF method for path planning.
Estimation of model parameters and state-of-charge for battery management system of Li-ion battery in EVs (2017)

The Battery Management System (BMS) is responsible for accurate monitoring of the status of the battery (State-of-Charge (SOC)) for maintaining optimal battery performance in Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs). Ambient temperature is a significant factor that influences the accuracy of SOC estimation, hence electrochemical combined model dependents of temperature was utilized for simulating the dynamic behavior of battery in BMS. Unknown parameters of the battery model are identified using the least square algorithm for Dynamic Stress Test (DST), validation of estimation is conducted for Federal Urban Driving Schedule (FUDS) and concluded that the error between predicated terminal voltage form model and voltage from DST profile was less than 0.08V for defined conditions. Then, for SOC estimation, recursive Bayesian estimation method based Extended Kalman Filtering (EKF), and Sigma-Point Kalman Filtering (SPKF) approaches were adopted. To quantify the performance of the estimators, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and execution time at different temperature were evaluated. The evaluation results indicate that maximum error in case of EKF is 2.43% whereas for SPKF is 1.2% and maximum execution time taken by EKF is 3.57 sec whereas for SPKF is 4.53 sec. The results reported that SPKF provides accurate and robust SOC estimation in compared EKF and could be efficiently applied in BMS for BEVS.
Authentication metric analysis and design (1999)

Authentication using a path of trusted intermediaries, each able to authenicate the next in the path, is a well-known technique for authenicating entities in a large-scale system. Recent work has extended this technique to include multiple paths in an effort to bolster authentication, but the success of this approach may be unclear in the face of intersecting paths, ambiguities in the meaning of certificates, and interdependencies in the use of different keys. Thus, several authors have proposed metrics to evaluate the confidence afforded by a set of paths. In this paper we develop a set of guiding principles for the design of such metrics. We motivate our principles by showing how previous approaches failed with respect to these principles and what the consequences to authentication might be. We then propose a new metric that appears to meet our principles, and so to be a satisfactory metric of authenticaiton.
High thermal conductivity aluminum nitride ceramic substrates and packages (1990)

Breakthrough technologies for achieving a whole line of AlN products for wider use in the electronics market are described. These products are: (1) plain substrates; (2) metallized substrates; (3) direct bond copper (DBC) substrates; (4) substrates for thin-film circuits; (5) substrates for thick-film circuits; and (6) cofired multilayer packages. The basic properties of AlN and problems with AlN from the manufacturing process point of view are summarized. The discussion of the breakthrough technologies needed for AlN applications focuses on four problem areas: the realization of the highest thermal conductivity by sintering, pin/lead brazing, the metallization problem for the cofired case and the postfired case, and polishing for a thin-film circuit. AlN applications and market trends are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>