gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
XTENSTORE: Fast Shielded In-memory Key-Value Store on a Hybrid x86-FPGA System (2022)

We propose XtenStore, a system that extends the existing SGX-based secure in-memory key-value store with an external hardware accelerator in order to ensure comparable security guarantees with lower performance degradation. The accelerator is implemented on a commodity FPGA card that is readily connected with the x86 CPU via PCIe interconnect to form a hybrid x86-FPGA system. In comparison to the prior SGX-based work, XtenStore improves the throughput by 4–33x, and exhibits considerably shorter tail latency (>23x, 99th-percentile).
Vortex Shedding in Confined Swirling Flow of Polymer Solutions (2007)

A ring vortex shedding phenomenon observed in the confined swirling flows of polyacrylamide (PAA) solutions whose concentrations were 0.5wt% and 1.0wt% was investigated using particle image velocimetry (PIV) system. It was found that the fluid within the ring vortex formed near the rotating disc rorates with semi-rigid rotation, where the angular velocity of ring votex was about 0.9times that of the rotating disc. The high shear layer was found to exist at the boundary between the ring vortex and the outer large-scale secondary flow. After the ring vortex was shed, the surrounding large-scale secondary flow moved into near the rotating axis, so that the strong axial flow was observed near the rotating axis. Periodic azimuthal and radial velocity fluctuations with considerably large amplitude, in which their correlation varied with the radial locations, were seen for the nonaxisymmetric ring vortex which was observed for the higher Reynolds number compared to that of the axisymmetric ring vortex.
1,4‐Dialkynylbutatrienes: Synthesis, Stability, and Perspectives in the Chemistry of carbo‐Benzenes (2011)

The π-electron-rich C(8)-conjugated sequence of 1,4-dialkynylbutatrienes is identified as a fragile and fascinating motif occurring in carbo-benzene derivatives, and in Diederich's 1,4-bis(arylethynyl)- or 1,4-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)butatriene "capped" representatives, in particular, in tetraalkynylbutatriene. The family of symmetrical 1,4-dialkynylbutatrienes (E-C≡C)RC=C=C=CR(C≡C-E) is extended to functional caps (E=H, CH(3), C≡CPh, CPh=CHBr, or CPh=CBr(2)) with non-alkynyl substituents at the sp(2) vertices (R=Ph or CF(3)). The targets were selected for their potential in appealing retrosynthetic routes to carbo-benzenes, in which the aromatic C(18) macrocycle would be directly generated by sequential metathesis or reductive coupling processes. The functional 1,4-dialkynylbutrienes were synthesized by either classical methods used for the preparation of generic butatrienes (R'Li/CuX-mediated reductive coupling of gem-dihaloenynes or SnCl(2)/HCl-mediated reduction of 3,6-dioxy-octa-1,4,7-triyne precursors). Their spectroscopic and electrochemical properties are compared and analyzed on the basis of the relative extent of total conjugation.
T Cells in Monoclonal Gammopathies (1982)

Subpopulations of human T lymphocytes were analysed by monoclonal antibodies (OKT3, OKT4, OKT8) in healthy controls and in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM) and benign monoclonal gammopathy (BMG). Lymphocytes forming rosettes with SRBC correlated well with T cells staining in indirect immunofluorescence by OKT3 monoclonal antibodies. The relative and absolute numbers of OKT4+ T cells were significantly lower in patients than in controls. Though, the percentage of OKT8+ T cells was increased in patients, the total OKT8+ cell counts were normal in all patient groups. The ratio between OKT4+ and OKT8+ lymphocytes was low in the groups of treated MM and of WM patients compared to controls (P less than 0.001). Moreover, the ratio was lower than the normal range in 27% of BMG and 38% of untreated MM patients. The imbalance between OKT4+ and OKT8+ T cells in untreated MM was more pronounced in clinical stage III patients than in stage I and II patients. The most pronounced changes were noted in treated MM patients. The significance of the altered T cell subsets in monoclonal gammopathies with regard to polyclonal and tumor B cell regulation remains to be established.
Effects of weakly basic amines on proteolytic processing and terminal glycosylation of secretory proteins in cultured rat hepatocytes (1986)

We examined the effects of weakly basic amines on the secretion and post-translational modifications of secretory proteins in cultured rat hepatocytes. Weakly basic amines such as methylamine, chloroquine and NH4Cl strongly inhibited not only protein secretion, but also the proteolytic conversion of a proform of complement C3, allowing the precursor to be released into the medium. The amines, however, had no effect on the proteolytic conversion of prohaptoglobin into its subunits. Since available evidence indicates that the conversion of pro-C3 occurs at the Golgi complex while that of prohaptoglobin takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum, it is most likely that the weak bases specifically affect the proteolytic event occurring at the Golgi complex. Electron microscopic observations confirmed that the amines caused morphological changes of the Golgi complex, consisting of dilated cisternae and swollen vacuoles. When the glycosylation of alpha 1-protease inhibitor and haptoglobin was examined, it was found that the amines caused a marked accumulation in the cells of both glycoproteins corresponding to the mature secreted forms. Neuraminidase digestion demonstrated that the glycoproteins accumulating in response to the amines had acquired terminal sialic acid. The results indicate that the amines do not significantly affect terminal glycosylation, in contrast with their definite effect on proteolytic processing, despite the fact that both modifications take place in the Golgi complex.
Small-Pore Gallates MOFs for Environmental Applications: Sorption Behaviors and Structural Elucidation of Their High Affinity for CO₂ (2020)

The ability of two structurally related small-pore metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) to capture CO₂ was investigated by a combination of gas sorption measurements, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) analysis, microcalorimetry experiments, and ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) calculations. The title solids, formulated Mg(H₂gal) and Fe(Hgal) (H₄gal = gallic acid), are made of a naturally occurring ligand and were both prepared on the multigram scale under mild conditions. They both present very similar structures, with identical channels of ca 3.5 A diameter, but present different amounts of acidic protons on the surface of the pores. These compounds were found to be extremely hydrophilic and exhibit moderate stability toward the water. While their ability to adsorb CH₄ and N₂ is very limited, they both adsorb significant amounts of CO₂ even at atmospheric pressure (3 and 5 mmol g–¹ at 303 K for the Fe and Mg derivatives, respectively). As a consequence, these compounds present high CO₂/N₂ and CO₂/CH₄ selectivities (380–910 and 190–460, respectively) together with good working capacities, making them of interest for the capture of CO₂ from flue gas or for landfill gas upgrading in pressure swing adsorption or vacuum swing adsorption processes. Finally, the analysis of the Mg derivative by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and adsorption microcalorimetry revealed that its high affinity for CO₂ relies on a strong and specific site of adsorption involving double hydrogen bonds between the CO₂ molecules and the acidic protons of the framework.
Generic Framework for Context-Aware Communication Services in Visitor’s Guides (2011)

Ubiquitous computing plays an increasing role in our lives. Typically, applications in ubiquitous computing environ-ments are context aware, namely, they react to the situations of their users at a given moment in time. One example for such environment is visitor’s guides in cultural heritage sites, supporting visits of individuals or small groups, such as families or friends. In such environments, it is well known that interaction among visitors enhances the overall visit experience. Recently, some research prototypes of visitor’s guides have started supporting such interaction through textual communication services embedded in them. However, these applications have so far been developed separately in an ad-hoc manner, despite common features and infrastructures they share. The research described here generalizes communication services offered by different visitor’s guides and suggests a systematic and generic framework for developing context-aware communication services for visitor’s guides. The specific communication services are abstracted into a domain model, later used in practice for adapting and tailoring the different concepts to the specific requirements of the applications. The framework is demonstrated in the specific setting of a multi-agent museum visitor’s guide system. We also show that the suggested framework is not limited to the specific museum visitor’s guide system but may facilitate the development of context-aware communication applications in general.
Approaches to Cancer Prevention Based on an Understanding of N-Nitrosamine Carcinogenesis (1997)

Understanding carcinogenesis is critical for development of rational approaches to cancer prevention. This paper uses N-nitrosamine carcinogenesis as an example. N-Nitrosamines are a large group of potent carcinogens. Approximately 300 different N-nitrosamines are carcinogenic. At least 30 animal species are responsive to their effects. There is little doubt that humans exposed to sufficient amounts of N-nitrosamines would also be susceptible to their carcinogenic effects. Human exposure to preformed N-nitrosamines occurs through the diet, in certain occupational settings, and through the use of tobacco products, cosmetics, pharmaceutical products, and agricultural chemicals. Diminishing human exposure to these carcinogens is one approach to prevention of cancer, and this has been accomplished in many instances, although exposure to N-nitrosamines in tobacco products is still unacceptably high. Human exposure to N-nitrosamines also occurs by nitrosation of amines in the body, via their acid or bacterial catalyzed reaction with nitrite, or by reaction with products of nitric oxide generated during inflammation or infection. A second approach toward prevention of N-nitrosamine carcinogenesis is inhibition of this endogenous N-nitrosamine formation. Substantial reductions have been achieved with ascorbic acid and other nitrite scavengers. N-Nitrosamines undergo a simple cytochrome P450-mediated metabolic activation step, which is critical for their carcinogenicity. The third approach involves the use of chemopreventive agents that block this step, or other steps in the carcinogenic process. A large number of potent chemopreventive agents against nitrosamine carcinogenesis have been identified. Chemoprevention of lung cancer induced by the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is discussed as an example of this approach.
Multi-Target Stool DNA Testing: High Positive Predictive Value Among Average Risk Patients New to Colorectal Cancer Screening (2018)

Introduction: Multi-target stool DNA (MT-sDNA) testing was approved by the FDA for average-risk colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in 2014, and its use has increased exponentially. MT-sDNA performance was demonstrated in cross-sectional screen-setting studies, and post-approval clinical-use data are now emerging. We aimed to measure compliance to diagnostic colonoscopy and positive predictive value of MT-sDNA in average risk patients, with and without prior screening by colonoscopy. Methods: In a large multi-setting practice, we identified all patients with positive MT-sDNA test results between 10/1/2014 and 12/31/2016. From the medical record, we abstracted patients’ exposure to prior CRC screening by colonoscopy, date of colonoscopy, personal and family history of colorectal neoplasia (CRN), and presence or absence of high risk conditions. Those at increased CRN risk were excluded. Diagnostic colonoscopy and pathology reports were reviewed to enumerate findings of any CRN and advanced CRN. Positive predictive values were calculated for each endpoint and stratified by prior screening colonoscopy exposure. Results: Among the 1035 patients identified with a positive MTsDNA test, 926 (89%) met average risk screening criteria. Of the 926, 410 (44%) did not have prior screening colonoscopy; 238/410 (58%) were >60 years old. Of the 516/926 (56%) that had previous colonoscopy, median time between colonoscopy and MT-sDNA testing was 10.3 (IQR 9.3-11.3) years. Of the 926 with positive MT-sDNA, 821 (89%) had a documented subsequent diagnostic colonoscopy. Diagnostic colonoscopy was completed at a median of 42 (IQR, 25-66) days after positive MT-sDNA. Of these 821, 569 (69%) had CRN identified by colonoscopy, with 247 (30%) of patients harboring advanced CRN; CRC was found in 7 (1%). In previously screened patients (n=473), CRN was identified on diagnostic colonoscopy in 310 (positive predictive value [PPV]=66%)(Table). Among patients without prior screening (n=348), yield was higher with 259 found to have CRN (PPV=74%, p=0.007). Advanced CRN was found in 26% of patients with and 36% of those without prior screening colonoscopy, respectively (p=0.0001). Conclusion: Compliance to diagnostic colonoscopy after a positive MT-sDNA test was high. CRN was identified in more than 2 out of every 3 patients with positive MT-sDNA. Yield of diagnostic colonoscopy was higher in the 44% of patients with positive MT-sDNA who had not received prior CRC screening by colonoscopy.289 Figure 1. Patient characteristics and neoplasms at diagnostic colonoscopy after positive multi-target stool DNA test, stratified by prior screening
Aldose Reductase Drives Hyperacetylation of Egr-1 in Hyperglycemia and Consequent Upregulation of Proinflammatory and Prothrombotic Signals (2013)

Sustained increases in glucose flux via the aldose reductase (AR) pathway have been linked to diabetic vascular complications. Previous studies revealed that glucose flux via AR mediates endothelial dysfunction and leads to lesional hemorrhage in diabetic human AR (hAR) expressing mice in an apoE(-/-) background. Our studies revealed sustained activation of Egr-1 with subsequent induction of its downstream target genes tissue factor (TF) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in diabetic apoE(-/-)hAR mice aortas and in high glucose-treated primary murine aortic endothelial cells expressing hAR. Furthermore, we observed that flux via AR impaired NAD(+) homeostasis and reduced activity of NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase Sirt-1 leading to acetylation and prolonged expression of Egr-1 in hyperglycemic conditions. In conclusion, our data demonstrate a novel mechanism by which glucose flux via AR triggers activation, acetylation, and prolonged expression of Egr-1 leading to proinflammatory and prothrombotic responses in diabetic atherosclerosis.
The fate of trenbolone acetate and melengestrol acetate after application as growth promoters in cattle: environmental studies. (2001)

The steroids trenbolone acetate (TbA) and melengestrol acetate (MGA) are licensed as growth promoters for farm animals in several meat-exporting countries. Although many studies have explored their safety for both animals and consumers, little is known about their fate after excretion by the animal. Our study aimed to determine the residues and degradation of trenbolone and MGA in solid dung, liquid manure, and soil. In animal experiments lasting 8 weeks, cattle were treated with TbA and MGA. Solid dung and, in case of trenbolone, liquid manure were collected and spread on maize fields after 4.5 and 5.5 months of storage, respectively. Determination of the hormone residues in all samples included extraction, clean-up (solid-phase extraction), separation of metabolites and interfering substances by HPLC (RP-18), and quantification by sensitive enzyme immunoassay. Procedures were validated by mass spectrometry (MS) methods. During storage of liquid manure the level of trenbolone decreased from 1,700 to 1,100 pg/g (17alpha-isomer), corresponding to a half-life of 267 days. Before storage, the concentrations in the dung hill ranged from 5 to 75 ng/g TbOH and from 0.3 to 8 ng/g MGA. After storage, levels up to 10 ng/g trenbolone, and 6 ng/g MGA were detected. In the soil samples trenbolone was traceable up to 8 weeks after fertilization, and MGA was detected even until the end of the cultivation period. The results show that these substances should be investigated further concerning their potential endocrine-disrupting activity in agricultural ecosystems.
Distributed Control of Renewable Generation Units With Integrated Active Filter (2004)

Due to the current concern about the environment, there is a growing interest in distributed generation from renewable energy sources. Usually a power electronic converter is required to interface renewable generation units with the utility grid. The power electronic converters can be designed to provide nonactive power in addition to active power supply in order to compensate distorted currents. This paper proposes a distributed control method for converter-interfaced renewable generation units with active filtering capability. Agent-based communication makes coordination between the generation units possible. Experimental results are included to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.
Multibeam Bathymetry from a Mine-Hunting Military Sonar (2002)

Multibeam bathymetry is obtained from the AN/AQS-20 mine-hunting sonar system. The AN/AQS-20 Volume Search Sonar uses a swath of beams directed downward and perpendicular to the direction of motion to cover more than 180 degrees around the sensor. This coverage creates a coarse-sampling, multibeam sonar that can measure the bottom depth. Raw beamformed data are available from a dedicated experiment to demonstrate the feasibility for using this system to update existing bathymetric databases during mine hunting operations. Data processing uses a weighted-mean-time technique to determine the bottom reflection return from the downward directed beams within +45 degrees of the nadir beam (producing 90 degree swath). Data are compared with a recent multibeam survey covering the same location to determine the accuracy and optimize the data processing. The recent multibeam survey was obtained as a ground truth' using a conventional EM-1002 multibeam system. Comparison of the AN/AQS-20 data with the ground truth demonstrated good agreement for bathymetry and is within the requirements for mine warfare operations. Limitations on the bathymetry accuracy are related to the pressure sensor that measures tow-body depth.
Selective targeting of ligand-dependent and -independent signaling by GPCR conformation-specific anti-US28 intrabodies (2021)

While various GPCRs, including US28, display constitutive, ligand-independent activity, it remains to be established whether ligand-dependent and -independent active conformations differ and can be selectively modulated. Previously, the agonist-bound conformation of US28 was stabilized and its structure was solved using the anti-US28 nanobody Nb7. Here we report the recognition of the constitutively active, apo-conformation of US28 by another nanobody VUN103. While the Nb7 intrabody selectively inhibits ligand-induced signaling, the VUN103 intrabody blocks constitutive signaling, indicating the existence of distinct US28 conformational states. By displacing Gα<sub>q</sub> protein, VUN103 prevents US28 signaling and reduces tumor spheroids growth. Overall, nanobodies specific for distinct GPCR conformational states, i.e. apo- and agonist-bound, can selectively target and discern functional consequences of ligand-dependent versus independent signaling.
A stochastic scheduling method: elementary of relative priority approach (2003)

The concept of relative priority is introduced in this paper to attempt to minimize job lateness for a class of job shop scheduling, where the throwing time and delivery date are considered. A modelling methodology is proposed to illustrate the class of job shop, including its static and dynamic characteristics. The possible position of a job in a schedule is restrained by its effect on objective function value. Consequently the state space to be searched can be greatly reduced and its quality can also be improved so that it is easier and quicker to step to the minimization point. Detailed definition of relative priority is given in this paper and algorithms are discussed how to get a stable relative priority set. For both static case and dynamic case, it is possible to obtain a solution closer to optimum in the similar way. Finally data experiments show the feasibility and efficiency for proposed relative priority approach.
Torque-Fiber-Winding (TFW)-Procedure: Manufacturing of Textile-Based Unidirectional Prepreg for Raw Material and Material Development of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastics (2017)

There is the need to determine the process capability of available and novel carbon fibre (CF) roving with minimal material and reproducible procedures in the field of research and development of continuous fibre reinforced composites and structural components, as well as to identify the power delivery in thermoplastic laminate constructions. The innovative TFW procedure with the appropriate system technology allows the production of piece size variable unidirectional (UD) prepreg in a continuous sequential process of spiral winding. A flexible surface design, resulting in the partial fixation of a single highly spread CF roving on fine nonwoven fabric. By defined accumulating of composite components, the fibre volume content (FVC) is adjustable and correspond to the level of spreading and to the grammage of nonwoven fabric. Minimum single layer thickness promote compound homogeneity and thereby allow the generation of greatest possible degrees of freedom in load-oriented structural design of CF-reinforced thermoplastic lightweight products in the laboratory staff.