gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Continued Study on the Stealth Liposomal Topotecan Plus Amlodipine: In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization in Non-Resistant Solid Tumors (2008)

We have previously established a type of anti-resistant stealth liposomal topotecan plus amlodipine for overcoming the multi-drug resistance (MDR) in resistant leukemia cells. The objective of the present study was to further characterize it in the diversified non-resistant solid tumors in vitro and in vivo. Stealth liposomal topotecan plus amlodipine was re-prepared and physicochemically characterized. The in vitro drug release assays of topotecan and amlodipine from liposomes were performed using a dialysis method. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays were performed in murine sarcoma S180 cells and human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, respectively. Apoptotic percentages of S180 cells were evaluated using flow cytometry. In vivo anti-tumor activity study and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) analysis were performed in male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice with S180 xenografts. Stealth liposomal topotecan plus amlodipine exhibited high drug encapsulation efficiencies, suitable particle size distribution, negatively charged zeta potential and prolonged release profiles for both topotecan and amlodipine. Amlodipine potentiated the antiproliferative effect and inducing apoptotic effect of topotecan on the tumor cells, exhibiting an additive anti-tumor effect. Stealth liposomal topotecan plus amlodipine showed the optimal anti-tumor activity and inducing apoptotic effect in the in vivo studies. Stealth liposomal topotecan plus amlodipine demonstrated an overt anti-tumor activity in non-resistant solid tumors, suggesting that it deserves further clinical evaluations.
Associations between hOGG1 sequence variants and prostate cancer susceptibility. (2002)

8-Hydroxyguanine is a mutagenic base lesion produced by reactive oxygen species. The hOGG1 gene encodes a DNA glycosylase/AP lyase that can suppress the mutagenic effects of 8-hydroxyguanine by catalyzing its removal from oxidized DNA. A population-based (245 cases and 222 controls) and family-based (159 hereditary prostate cancer families) association study was performed to test the hypothesis that sequence variants of hOGG1 increase susceptibility to prostate cancer. We found that the genotype frequency of two sequence variants (11657A/G and Ser326Cys) was significantly different between cases and controls. The association with 11657A/G is confirmed and strengthened by our family-based association study. These results suggest that sequence variants in this gene are associated with prostate cancer risk, presumably through defective DNA repair function of hOGG1.
Direct Electrical Evidence of Plasmonic Near-Field Enhancement in Small Molecule Organic Solar Cells (2014)

We present a simple and versatile technique to introduce plasmonic silver nanoparticles into organic thin film devices by in situ vacuum deposition. Silver particles with 80 nm diameter at the back of small molecule organic solar cells increase the power conversion efficiency (PCE). Doped organic transport layers allow one to separate electrical and optical effects. By a systematic variation of the position of the silver particles within the solar cell stack, we can thus clearly distinguish a near-field photocurrent gain in the IR that decays to one-half on length scales of around 4 nm, and a less distance-dependent selective mirror effect for short wavelength, which allows one to optimize devices for different wavelengths simultaneously. Device optimization reveals that plasmonic increased absorption can be used to significantly reduce the thickness of the absorber layers and gain efficiency through improved transport properties. A plasmonic zinc phthalocyanine fullerene-C60 solar cell that yields improved photocurrent, fill factor, and PCE of 2.6% includes one-half of the absorber material of an optimized reference device with PCE of 2.4%. The design priciples for plasmonic solar cells are general and were confirmed in thin devices containing zinc 1,8,15,22-tetrafluoro-phthalocyanine, improving the PCE from 2.7% to 3.4%.
Linking the yield stress functionality of polyglycerol polyricinoleate in a highly filled suspension to its molecular properties (2022)

Polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) is a food emulsifier with a unique yield stress reducing efficacy in fat-based suspensions. There are many commercially available PGPRs, and the different products vary in their impact on the yield stress. Choosing the right PGPR for a specific formulation is often based on empirical data and the experience of the formulator. Lack of fundamental understanding of why these differences exist hampers reformulation efforts to replace PGPR. Therefore, this study aimed to link the yield stress reducing efficacy of PGPR to its molecular properties. Five commercial PGPR samples were studied (3 g/kg) in a concentrated suspension of icing sugar (650 g/kg, ≈ 530 mL/L) in sunflower oil (with naturally-occurring surface-active molecules removed). Rheological analysis revealed Herschel-Bulkley yield stress variations of between 0.90 ± 0.06 Pa and 1.90 ± 0.18 Pa, compared to 57.6 ± 15.8 Pa in the absence of PGPR. Yield stress was correlated to critical micelle concentration, obtained from oil-water interfacial tension data. Applying molecular characterisation techniques revealed that the presence of a hydroxyl group on the fatty acid at the end of the polyricinoleate estolide chain could be linked to inferior yield stress reducing efficacy.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction Sequencing During Processing of the 123 Superconductor (1990)

Abstract (YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7‐x ) is studied for two precursor systems (citrate gels and "flashed nitrates") in air and helium environments.
A Multi‐action and Multi‐target RuII–PtIV Conjugate Combining Cancer‐Activated Chemotherapy and Photodynamic Therapy to Overcome Drug Resistant Cancers (2020)

Pt<sup>II</sup> complexes are commonly used to treat cancer. To reduce their side effects and improve their pharmacological properties, Pt<sup>IV</sup> complexes are being developed as prodrug candidates that are activated by reduction in cancer cells. Concomitantly, Ru<sup>II</sup> polypyridine complexes have gained much attention as photosensitizers for use in photodynamic therapy due to their attractive characteristics. In this article, a novel Pt<sup>IV</sup> -Ru<sup>II</sup> conjugate, which combines cancer activated chemotherapy with PDT, is presented. Upon entering the cancer cell, the Pt<sup>IV</sup> centre is reduced to Pt<sup>II</sup> and the axial ligands including the Ru<sup>II</sup> complex and phenylbutyrate are released. As each component has its individual targets, the conjugate exerts a multi-target and multi-action effect with (photo-)cytotoxicity values upon irradiation up to 595 nm in the low nanomolar range in various (drug resistant) 2D monolayer cancer cells and 3D multicellular tumour spheroids.
Glutathione disulfide as index of oxidant stress in rat liver during hypoxia (1990)

Formation of glutathione disulfide (GSSG) was used as an index of reactive oxygen generation in the isolated perfused liver of male Fischer rats during normoxia and hypoxia. Low oxygen tension may affect GSSG formation, rereduction, and transport mechanisms. The effect of short-term hypoxia (15 min) on the biliary and sinusoidal transport of GSSG was tested with the glutathione S-conjugates of sulfobromophthalein and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. Hypoxia inhibited S-conjugate excretion through both pathways by 15-20%. tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (75 microM tBHP) or diquat (200 microM) in the perfusate increased hepatic GSSG release by 430 and 1,550%, respectively, and increased the tissue GSSG content by 47 and 124%, respectively, under normoxia. Hypoxia reduced the stimulated GSSG export by 38 (tBHP) and 83% (diquat) and also caused an additional increase of the tissue GSSG content by 112% during tBHP infusion but caused a reduction by 32% during diquat infusion. Inhibition of the biliary export of GSSG and S-conjugates is mainly compensated by the sinusoidal efflux. Therefore, it is concluded that hypoxia reduces GSSG formation predominantly through suppression of reactive oxygen formation with only marginal effects on the biliary and sinusoidal excretion mechanism. Thus hepatic GSSG formation is a sensitive indicator of oxidant stress during normoxia and hypoxia. Because single parameters may vary considerably, simultaneous monitoring of GSSG in bile, perfusate, and tissue is essential for qualitative and quantitative estimation of reactive oxygen formation.
Probing Security through Input-Output Separation and Revisited Quasilinear Masking (2021)

The probing security model is widely used to formally prove the security of masking schemes. Whenever a masked implementation can be proven secure in this model with a reasonable \\emph{leakage rate}, it is also provably secure in a realistic leakage model known as the \\emph{noisy leakage model}. This paper introduces a new framework for the composition of probing-secure circuits. We introduce the security notion of \\emph{input-output separation} (IOS) for a refresh gadget. From this notion, one can easily compose gadgets satisfying the classical probing security notion --which does not ensure composability on its own-- to obtain a \\emph{region probing secure} circuit. Such a circuit is secure against an adversary placing up to $t$ probes in each gadget composing the circuit, which ensures a tight reduction to the more realistic noisy leakage model. After introducing the notion and proving our composition theorem, we compare our approach to the composition approaches obtained with the (Strong) Non-Interference (S/NI) notions as well as the Probe-Isolating Non-Interference (PINI) notion. We further show that any uniform SNI gadget achieves the IOS security notion, while the converse is not true. We further describe a refresh gadget achieving the IOS property for any linear sharing with a quasilinear complexity $\\Theta(n \\log n)$ and a $O(1/\\log n)$ leakage rate (for an $n$-size sharing). This refresh gadget is a simplified version of the quasilinear SNI refresh gadget proposed by Battistello, Coron, Prouff, and Zeitoun (ePrint~2016). As an application of our composition framework, we revisit the quasilinear-complexity masking scheme of Goudarzi, Joux and Rivain (Asiacrypt~2018). We improve this scheme by generalizing it to any base field (whereas the original proposal only applies to field with $n$th powers of unity) and by taking advantage of our composition approach. We further patch a flaw in the original security proof and extend it from the random probing model to the stronger region probing model. Finally, we present some application of this extended quasilinear masking scheme to AES and MiMC and compare the obtained performances.
Routine Quantitative Blood Cultures in Children With Haemophilus influenzae or Streptococcus pneumoniae Bacteremia (1985)

The potential clinical value of quantitative blood cultures determined by a commercially available lysis-direct plating method was studied in 50 children with either Haemophilus influenzae or Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteremia. The magnitude of bacteremia correlated with the severity of the infection; patients with greater than or equal to 100 colony-forming units per milliliter were significantly more likely to have meningitis (P less than .01, chi 2 = 7.5). On the other hand, all patients with S. pneumoniae bacteremia with colony counts lower than 15 colony-forming units per milliliter had "occult bacteremia" with no focus of infection. The data suggest that patients with higher levels of bacteremia have more severe disease. Quantitative blood culture results may be helpful in identifying which children are at risk for invasive disease.
Purification and characterization of two G-proteins that activate the beta 1 isozyme of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C. Identification as members of the Gq class. (1991)

Plasma membranes from bovine liver contain a phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-specific phospholipase C (PLC) activity that is activated by guanine nucleotides. The G-proteins involved retained their ability to activate bovine brain PLC-beta 1 in a guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S)-dependent manner following extraction from the membranes with cholate and reconstitution with phospholipids. This reconstitution assay was used to purify the G-proteins by chromatography on heparin-Sepharose, DEAE-Sephacel, octyl-Sepharose, hydroxylapatite, Mono Q, and Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration. Gel electrophoresis showed that two alpha-subunits with molecular mass of 42 and 43 kDa were isolated to a high degree of purity, together with a beta-subunit. Neither alpha-subunit was a substrate for pertussis toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation. Gel filtration of the final activity indicated an apparent molecular mass of 95 kDa, suggesting the presence of an alpha beta gamma heterotrimer. Immunological data revealed that the 42- and 43-kDa proteins were related to alpha-subunits of the Gq class recently purified from brain (Pang, I.-H., and Sternweis, P. C. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 18707-18712) and identified by molecular cloning (Strathmann, M., and Simon, M. I. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 87, 9113-9117). The activation of PLC-beta 1 by the purified G-protein preparation was specific for nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotides, the efficacy decreasing in order GTP gamma S greater than guanylimidodiphosphate greater than guanylyl(beta,gamma-methylene)-diphosphonate. Half-maximal activation required 4 microM GTP gamma S suggesting that the affinity of the G-proteins for GTP analogues is low. The GTP gamma S-dependent activation of PLC-beta 1 required millimolar Mg2+ and was inhibited by guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) and by excess beta gamma-subunits. Aluminum fluoride also activated PLC-beta 1 in the presence of the G-proteins. The G-proteins were inactive toward PLC-gamma 1 or PLC-delta 1. In summary, these findings identify two G-protein activators of PLC-beta 1 that have the properties of heterotrimeric G-proteins and are members of the Gq class.
Hydrated and dehydrated crystal structures of seven-twelfths cesium-exchanged zeolite A (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrated and dehydrated crystal structures of seven-twelfths cesium-exchanged zeolite AT. Blake Vance Jr. and Karl SeffCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1975, 79, 20, 2163–2167Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100587a021https://doi.org/10.1021/j100587a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views194Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A general method for calculating reflection and transmission coefficients in multiple slabs (1991)

For normal incidence onto a stack of multiple slabs, a method is described that relates the reflection and transmission coefficients in an inner slab and the reflection coefficients in two consecutive slabs, and that gives an expression for the reflection and transmission coefficients in the last slab. This method is more general than that traditionally used, and becomes easier and quicker as the number of slabs increases.
Valid Inequalities Based on Demand Propagation for Chemical Production Scheduling MIP Models (2013)

Although several mixed‐integer programming (MIP) models have been proposed for the scheduling of chemical manufacturing facilities, the development of solution methods for these formulations has received limited attention. In this article, we develop a constraint propagation algorithm for the calculation of lower bounds on the number and size of tasks necessary to satisfy given demand. These bounds are then used to express four types of valid inequalities which greatly enhance the computational performance of the MIP scheduling model. Specifically, the addition of these inequalities leads to reductions in the computational requirements of more than three orders of magnitude, thereby allowing us to address medium‐sized problems of industrial relevance. Importantly, the proposed methods are applicable to a wide range of problem classes and time‐indexed MIP models for chemical production scheduling. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 59:872‐887, 2013
Impact of Age Older Than 60 Years in Living Donor Liver Transplantation (2007)

Selected right lobe donors from individuals who were 60 years of age or older showed a similar postoperative course compared with younger donors. Moreover, LDLT is feasible for patients 60 years of age or older who do not require care in the intensive care unit or do not have fulminant hepatic failure.
Legume nodulation: The host controls the party (2018)

Global demand to increase food production and simultaneously reduce synthetic nitrogen fertilizer inputs in agriculture are underpinning the need to intensify the use of legume crops. The symbiotic relationship that legume plants establish with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia bacteria is central to their advantage. This plant-microbe interaction results in newly developed root organs, called nodules, where the rhizobia convert atmospheric nitrogen gas into forms of nitrogen the plant can use. However, the process of developing and maintaining nodules is resource intensive; hence, the plant tightly controls the number of nodules forming. A variety of molecular mechanisms are used to regulate nodule numbers under both favourable and stressful growing conditions, enabling the plant to conserve resources and optimize development in response to a range of circumstances. Using genetic and genomic approaches, many components acting in the regulation of nodulation have now been identified. Discovering and functionally characterizing these components can provide genetic targets and polymorphic markers that aid in the selection of superior legume cultivars and rhizobia strains that benefit agricultural sustainability and food security. This review addresses recent findings in nodulation control, presents detailed models of the molecular mechanisms driving these processes, and identifies gaps in these processes that are not yet fully explained.
Twenty Years on: What Do We Really Know about Ewing Sarcoma and What Is the Path Forward? (2015)

Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a highly aggressive bone and soft-tissue tumor with peak incidence among adolescents and young adults. Despite advances in local control and systemic chemotherapy, metastatic relapse after an initial clinical remission remains a significant clinical problem. In addition, metastasis at the time of presentation or at relapse continues to be the leading cause of death for patients diagnosed with ES. Since the discovery of the pathognomonic EWS-FLI1 fusion gene more than 20 years ago, much about the molecular and cellular biology of ES pathogenesis has been learned. In addition, more recent exploitation of advances in stem cell and developmental biology has provided key insights into the cellular origins of ES and the role of epigenetic deregulation in tumor initiation and maintenance. Nevertheless, the mechanisms that drive tumor relapse and metastasis remain largely unknown. These gaps in our knowledge continue to hamper the development of novel therapeutic strategies that may improve outcomes for patients with relapsed and metastatic disease. In this article we review the current status of ES biology research, highlighting areas of investigation that we consider to have the greatest potential to yield findings that will translate into clinically significant advances.
First record of the natural occurrence of Pleurotus cystidiosus and P. Smithii in Israel and Asia (2003)

The occurrence of Pleurotus cystidiosus and P. smithii is reported for the first time in Israel, both species being new for Asia. The basidiocarps were collected from four localities in Israel on Schinus terebinthifolius and Morus alba, which represent new hosts of this species. Detailed descriptions, locations and dates of collections in Israel, distribution, ecological and biological information, and taxonomic remarks on both species are given.
Effect of immobilized cell‐binding peptides on chitosan membranes for osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (2008)

Two cell-binding domains from FGF-2 (fibroblast growth factor-2) were shown to increase cell attachment and osteoblastic differentiation. Two synthetic peptides derived from FGF-2, namely residues 36-41 (F36; PDGRVD) and 77-83 (F77; KEDGRLL), were prepared and their N-termini further modified for ease of surface immobilization. Chitosan membranes were used in the present study as mechanical supportive biomaterials for peptide immobilization. Peptides could be stably immobilized on to the surface of chitosan membranes. The adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells to the peptide (F36 and F77)-immobilized chitosan membrane was increased in a dose-dependent manner and completely inhibited by soluble RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) and anti-integrin antibody, indicating the existence of an interaction between F36/F77 and integrin. Peptide-immobilized chitosan supported human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal-stem-cell differentiation into osteoblastic cells, as demonstrated by alkaline phosphate expression and mineralization. Taken together, the identified peptide-immobilized chitosan membranes were able to support cell adhesion and osteoblastic differentiation; thus these peptides might be useful as bioactive agents for osteoblastic differentiation and surface-modification tools in bone regenerative therapy.