gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
824 (2012)

Introduction: Routine chest x-ray (CXR) after uncomplicated percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) has been shown to be ineffective in diagnosing complications. Based on the available evidence, in 2010 our unit has adopted the approach of omitting the routine CXR after PDT, unless it was clinically indicated. Hypothesis: We performed an audit to ascertain that possible life threatening complications are not going unnoticed after PDT without routine CXRs. Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients who underwent PDT in our 10-bedded Critical Care unit between 2010-2012. We have reviewed the operation notes to look for immediate complications, the nursing and medical notes for the next 72 hrs to look for early complications and when available, the CXRs taken in the 72 hours postoperative period to look for new and unexpected findings. Results: 136 patients underwent PDT in the 3-year period. All tracheostomies were inserted by ICU or ENT specialist under bronchoscopy guidance. In ten patients the procedure was described as difficult. There were no major complications. In the postoperative period 8 patients had slight oozing from the wound, none of them required intervention. There were 78/136 CXRs taken for other clinical reasons available for review. Meantime difference between the PDT and the CXR was 27 ± 18 hrs. 59/78 of the CXRs were taken to confirm CVP or NG tube placement. None of the CXRs showed any unexpected findings related to PDT. Conclusions: In our experience, omitting the routine postoperative CXR after uncomplicated PDT with bronchoscopy guidance did not increase the rate of unnoticed clinical complications. Our study confirms that adopting these evidence based recommendations does not affect patient safety on the ICU and that routine CXR is not a necessity after PDT.
Immunoglobulin, glucocorticoid, or combination therapy for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a propensity-weighted cohort study (2023)

Imperial College London, the European Union's Horizon 2020, Wellcome Trust, the Medical Research Foundation, UK National Institute for Health and Care Research, and National Institutes of Health.
The effect of molybdenum oxide interlayer on organic photovoltaic cells (2009)

Polymer solar cells (PSCs) have attracted increasing attention due to their inexpensive, flexible, light weight and large area device fabrication. However, the efficiency of PSCs is still not yet sufficient for large scale implementation. Many approaches have been proposed to enhance the efficiency of PSCs. In addition to using new materials and new device structure, the performance of polymer solar cells can also be improved using efficient interface layer between the electrode and active layer. Here, we studied the effect of MoO3 as an anode interlayer on both small molecule and polymer photovoltaic cells. Significant improvement has been observed in the performance of PSCs and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the cell with a MoO<sub>3</sub> interlayer can be enhanced by ~15% comparing to the cells with a PEDOT:PSS interlayer. This improved device performance is attributed to the combined effect of efficient charge extraction and the reduction in series resistance of device.
Generation of sawtooth and square waveforms for heavy ion induction accelerator cells using impedance tapered PFN's (2002)

The induction linear accelerator is a leading candidate for the acceleration of high current heavy ion beams to initiate inertial confinement fusion (ICF). To impart energy to the ion beam, it is necessary to generate well controlled ramped pulses at the beginning of the acceleration cycle and flat top pulses in later stages of the linac. The linac consists of many series induction cores similar to other previous induction accelerators but with the added requirement that the waveshapes are changing along the length of the accelerator in order to maintain longitudinal stability. It is highly desirable to generate these waveforms to be within a few percent of the ideal as required by physics so that a minimum of "active" modulators are applied to reach 1% of ideal. Since the induction cores are highly nonlinear, impedance tapered PFN's are used to generate both sawtooth and square pulses.
Control with actuation anticipation (2016)

Reachability traditionally thinks about the controllability Grammian of a system, i.e. the actuation vectors as they pass through the plant dynamics. This perspective depends on fully knowing the future plant dynamics even as we apply controls in the present, since the ability to plan is important for control. This paper explores a toy model with uncertain random actuation vectors. Our ability to plan is modulated by how much we can anticipate about the plant's future actuation. The results here philosophically build on the concept of “control capacity” introduced earlier and the model itself is inspired by earlier work on intermittent Kalman filtering and problems of networked control with packet drops. A simple greedy strategy is optimal for our toy model and we can easily characterize the informational value of knowing future actuation vectors. Furthermore, the control capacity of the toy system can be stated in a way that is suggestive of a dimensional-sense of “signal-to-noise-ratio”.
An Arylamine N-oxygenase involved in the biosynthesis of aromatic nitro compounds : characterization, mechanism and structural analysis (2008)

p-Aminobenzoate N-oxygenase (AurF) from Streptomyces thioluteus catalyzes the formation of unusual polyketide synthease starter unit p-nitrobenzoic acid (pNBA) from p-aminobenzoic acid (pABA) in the biosynthesis of antibiotic aureothin. Homologous AurF proteins are expected to be also involved in the biosynthesis of other aromatic nitro compounds such as spectinabilin, alloaureothin, griseulin and SNF4435C/D. AurF is a metalloenzyme, but its native enzymatic activity has not been demonstrated in vitro and its catalytic mechanism is unclear. In addition, the nature of the cofactor remains a controversy1,2. Here we report the in vitro reconstitution of the enzymatic activity by both biological and chemical methods, the crystal structure of AurF in oxidized state, and the co-crystal structure of AurF with product pNBA. Our combined biochemical and structural analysis unequivocally indicate that AurF is a nonheme di-iron monooxygenase that catalyzes sequential oxidation of aminoarenes to nitroarenes via hydroxylamine and nitrosoamine intermediates.
Static Irradiated ALSEP Scrub Section (2017)

The INL is studying the impacts of gamma radiolysis on the ALSEP minor actinide extraction process. This process uses an organic solvent consisting of a neutral diglycolamide extractant, N,N,N’,N’-tetra-2- ethylhexylglycolamide (T2EHDGA), and an acidic extractant 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2- ethylhexyl ester (HEH[EHP]) dissolved in an aliphatic diluent. The actinides and lanthanides are coextracted from relatively high nitric acid and the actinides are selectively stripped using a carboxylic acid buffered aminopolycarboxylic acid solution. Previous investigations of the radiolytic degradation processes on the ALSEP process performed at the INL focused upon the extraction section of the flowsheet. Current efforts are concerned with examining the scrub section of the ALSEP flowsheet. This report describes the static irradiations performed during the current fiscal year in support of the test loop irradiations which will be conducted later in FY-2017, and documents completion of the level four milestone (M4FT- 17IN030102012) entitled “Static Irradiated ALSEP Scrub Section.
Antioxidant Activity of a Botanical Extract Preparation of Ilex paraguariensis : Prevention of DNA Double-Strand Breaks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Human Low-Density Lipoprotein Oxidation (2003)

We analyzed the antioxidant properties of Ilex paraguariensis infusion (Ip) popularly known as mate (mä'tā), by using two experimental models: the induction of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) by hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and lethality in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as well as peroxide and lipoxygenase-induced human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. Diploid yeast cells were exposed to different concentrations of H(2)O(2) (5-10 mmol/L) in the absence or presence of Ip infusion (10(-1) v/v) or alpha-tocopherol (10(-2) mol/L). Both mate infusion and alpha-tocopherol significantly decreased the dose dependent DSB number, and the lethality induced by H(2)O(2). Peroxynitrite and lipoxygenase-induced human LDL oxidation are inhibited by Ip extracts in a potent, dose-dependent fashion. Dilutions of 5 x 10(-3) v/v provide 50% +/- 10% inhibition. Finally, Ip extracts are potent direct quenchers of the free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. Dilutions of 2 x 10(-2) v/v produced quenching of more than 30%, which was comparable to that obtained with 0.5-1 mmol/L alpha-tocopherol or the quercetin aglycone, respectively. For comparison, total polyphenol content of Ip, green, and black tea (Camelia sinensis) were 6.5 +/- 0.8; 1.8 +/- 0.5; and 1.13 +/- 0.3 mmol of quercetin equivalents per liter, respectively. Their respective free radical quenching activities at dilutions of 1 x 10(-1) v/v were 75% +/- 5%; 35% +/- 5%; and 2% +/- 5%. Ip is thus a rich source of polyphenols and has antioxidant properties comparable to those of green tea which merit further in vivo intervention and cross-sectional studies.
Human Oocyte-Derived Methylation Differences Persist in the Placenta Revealing Widespread Transient Imprinting (2016)

Thousands of regions in gametes have opposing methylation profiles that are largely resolved during the post-fertilization epigenetic reprogramming. However some specific sequences associated with imprinted loci survive this demethylation process. Here we present the data describing the fate of germline-derived methylation in humans. With the exception of a few known paternally methylated germline differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with known imprinted domains, we demonstrate that sperm-derived methylation is reprogrammed by the blastocyst stage of development. In contrast a large number of oocyte-derived methylation differences survive to the blastocyst stage and uniquely persist as transiently methylated DMRs only in the placenta. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this phenomenon is exclusive to primates, since no placenta-specific maternal methylation was observed in mouse. Utilizing single cell RNA-seq datasets from human preimplantation embryos we show that following embryonic genome activation the maternally methylated transient DMRs can orchestrate imprinted expression. However despite showing widespread imprinted expression of genes in placenta, allele-specific transcriptional profiling revealed that not all placenta-specific DMRs coordinate imprinted expression and that this maternal methylation may be absent in a minority of samples, suggestive of polymorphic imprinted methylation.
RECENT AND FUTURE PROSPECTIVE OF VARIOUS PHOTO-CATALYSTS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND ENERGY PRODUCTION: A REVIEW (2021)

Photo-catalysis has shown a prominent and effective role for the degradation of textile dyes and organic compounds on large scale to keep environment and water reservoirs clean and usable. Photo-catalysts produce hydrogen through water splitting which is an eco-friendly source of renewable energy. Photo-catalysts are used for solar cells construction. Photo-catalysis generates an electron–hole (e − –h[Formula: see text] pair due to light interaction. The electron–hole (e − –h[Formula: see text] pair produces ⋅ OH and O[Formula: see text], which play the main role in degradation process; it leads to redox reaction and oxidizes organic pollutants to H 2 O and CO 2 . Major causes of water, air and soil pollution are organic pollutants, heavy metals and non-biodegradable dyes released by different industries. These pollutants especially phenols and dyes have seriously affected the water reservoirs. This paper gives a critical review on visible and solar light photo-catalysis and techniques used for the photo-degradation of hazardous pollutants. A systematic study has been carried out from the published literature on photo-degradation of organic pollutants, factors effecting the photo-degradation and the various operating parameters. The role of semiconductors/nano-catalysts for eco-friendly renewable energy sources, such as hydrogen and solar cells production is also elaborated for future energy crises. The published data has shown that different parameters, such as pH of the system, light intensity, catalyst amount, initial concentration and amount of photo-catalysts play a crucial role for the degradation of various dyes and organic pollutants. Photo-catalysis has also shown significant results for remediation of volatile organic pollutants and acid gases from air. This review has focused to find an efficient, low cost and result oriented photo-catalyst and the effective environment for reaction. The concluded data has shown that photo-catalysis is economically suitable and fit for the treatment of waste water, industrial effluents and energy production.
Power Control in Wireless Cellular Networks (2008)

Transmit power in wireless cellular networks is a key degree of freedom in the management of interference, energy, and connectivity. Power control in both the uplink and downlink of a cellular network has been extensively studied, especially over the last 15 years, and some of the results have enabled the continuous evolution and significant impact of the digital cellular technology. This survey provides a comprehensive discussion of the models, algorithms, analysis, and methodologies in this vast and growing literature. It starts with a taxonomy of the wide range of power control problem formulations, and progresses from the basic formulation to more sophisticated ones. When transmit power is the only set of optimization variables, algorithms for fixed SIR are presented first, before turning to their robust versions and joint SIR and power optimization. This is followed by opportunistic and non-cooperative power control. Then joint control of power together with beamforming pattern, base station assignment, spectrum allocation, and transmit schedule is surveyed one-by-one. Throughout the survey, we highlight the use of mathematical language and tools in the study of power control, including optimization theory, control theory, game theory, and linear algebra. Practical implementations of some of the algorithms in operational networks are discussed in the concluding section. As illustrated by the open problems presented at the end of most chapters, in the area of power control in cellular networks, there are still many under-explored directions and unresolved issues that remain theoretically challenging and practically important.
Vernonia DGATs increase accumulation of epoxy fatty acids in oil (2010)

Vernolic acid (cis-12-epoxy-octadeca-cis-9-enoic acid) is valuable as a renewable chemical feedstock. This fatty acid can accumulate to high levels in the seed oil of some plant species such as Vernonia galamensis and Stokesia laevis which are unsuitable for large-scale production. A cost-effective alternative for production of epoxy fatty acids is to genetically engineer its biosynthesis in commercial oilseeds. An epoxygenase cDNA (SlEPX) responsible for vernolic acid synthesis and two acyl-CoA : diacylglycerol acyltransferase cDNAs (VgDGAT1 and VgDGAT2) catalysing triacylglycerol (TAG) formation were cloned from developing seeds of S. laevis and V. galamensis. Co-expression of SlEPX and VgDGAT1 or VgDGAT2 greatly increases accumulation of vernolic acid both in petunia leaves and soybean somatic embryos. Seed-specific expression of VgDGAT1 and VgDGAT2 in SlEPX mature soybean seeds results in vernolic acid levels of approximately 15% and 26%. Both DGAT1 and DGAT2 increase epoxy fatty acid accumulation with DGAT2 having much greater impact.
A TEST OF THE COMMUNITY CONDITIONING HYPOTHESIS: PERSISTENCE OF EFFECTS IN MODEL ECOLOGICAL STRUCTURES DOSED WITH THE JET FUEL JP-8 (2000)

The foundation of the community conditioning hypothesis, the persistence of effects, was tested in a series of microcosm experiments. Experiments were conducted with the water-soluble fraction of the turbine fuel JP-8 using the standard protocols for the standardized aquatic microcosm (SAM). A repeat trial was conducted using the SAM protocol but with a 126-d test period, twice the standard duration. The results were examined using a variety of conventional univariate, multivariate, and graphical techniques. The principal conclusions were as follows. Effects are persistent in these model ecological systems long after the degradation of the toxicant. Patterns of impacts are detectable at concentrations 15 times lower than an experimentally derived single-species EC50. The replicate experiments are not replicable in the specific, but the broad pattern of the disruption of algal- herbivore dynamics followed by more subtle effects are consistently repeated. The durability of the indirect effects and therefore the information about historical events appears to be a consistent feature of these microcosm systems. The identity of the treatment groups persists. The critical features of the community conditioning hypothesis—persistence of information within ecologicalsystems and the reappearance of patterns and therefore the nonequilibrium dynamics—are again confirmed. The implications of these findings for environmental toxicology, monitoring, and ecological risk assessment are discussed.
CSC Code Discriminator: Theoretical Analysis of Performance (2015)

This paper presents the theoretical development and analysis of a novel DLL discriminator robust to multipath errors, called the Combination of Squared Correlators (CSC). The CSC discriminator features a simple implementation based on four (complex) static correlators per channel, without falling into the wide family of patented architectures.In this paper, the theoretical analysis of the properties of the CSC architecture is developed in a well structured context: (i) definition of the discrimination rule; (ii) theoretical analysis in the absence of noise; (iii) theoretical noise tracking jitter analysis; and, (iv) multipath error envelope analysis. In all cases, the CSC results are compared to those of the Strobe discriminator, which is the natural benchmark.The promising performance of the CSC discriminator inserted in a complete software receiver is also proved in a heavy multipath scenario, expressly simulated to stress the code tracking loop robustness. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
S-Phase induced RNAs control ORC1 engagement to H2A.Z and firing of early DNA replication origins (2021)

Summary Coordinated initiation of DNA replication is essential to ensure efficient and timely DNA synthesis. Yet, the mechanism governing the “initiation” process in eukaryotic cells remains elusive. Here, we present data demonstrating a novel feature of RNAs transcribed in the proximity of actively replicating gene loci. We show that S-ph A se-RNAs a NC horing OR C1 (ANCOR s ) to the histone variant H2A.Z are licensors of the DNA replication process. The concomitant ANCOR-H2A.Z interaction is essential for the cells to initiate duplication of their genetic heritage. Widespread and locus-specific perturbations of these transcripts correlate with anomalous replication patterns and loss of the replicative marker at the origin site. Collectively, we unveil an RNA-mediated mechanism as the missing link for the generation of active replication origins and delineate a potential strategy to modulate replication in human cells at a local and global level.
Photoacoustic Glucose Monitoring (2004)

Photoacoustic spectroscopy is an alternative technique for noninvasive glucose monitoring of diabetic patients. The incident near-infrared light penetrates a few millimeters into human tissue and generates an acoustic wave that is derived from the optical absorption. The photoacoustic signal is detected by a piezoelectric transducer, and the glucose concentration in human tissue is estimated from the magnitude of the signal. Several studies have been carried out to eliminate the numerous optically interfering components in human blood and tissue. In this paper, in vivo and in vitro photoacoustic measurements of glucose are reviewed and a highly sensitive photoacoustic sensor that uses a Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PZNT91/9) single crystal with an extremely large piezoelectric constant g33 is described.
The effect of exercise interventions on inflammatory markers in major depressive disorder: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis (2021)

<b>Background:</b> Depression currently affects 4.4% of the global population, and 93.7% of this population suffer from major depressive disorder (MDD) according to 2017 statistics. MDD patients are more likely to suffer from co-morbidities such as cardiovascular disease and high body mass index (BMI), thus contributing to its large cost to society. Throughout the literature, there are known links between inflammation and MDD. Interestingly, while exercise is considered a promising intervention for MDD, the mechanism(s) of action remain unclear, thereby preventing the creation of optimal, cost-saving, exercise "prescriptions" for those with MDD. Thus, the aim of this review and meta-analysis is to summarize and analyse the current literature exploring how quantified exercise interventions modulate inflammatory molecules in MDD patients. <b>Methods:</b> Electronic databases (APA PsycINFO, and PubMed/MEDLINE (EBSCO interface), EMBASE) will be searched using a detailed search strategy comprised of three search term themes: exercise, depression/MDD, and inflammation/inflammatory molecules. Only quantified exercise interventions performed in adult humans with MDD validated via a recognized diagnostic criterion will be included. Studies should also include a MDD control group and explore changes in inflammatory molecules. Examples of these molecules include: C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), homocysteine, d-dimer and myeloperoxidase (MPO). After eligible studies are identified, standardized data extraction will be employed and the risk of bias in each study will be appraised using the Cochrane handbook checklists. In the event of two or more homogenous studies exploring exercise effects over a similar time period, raw mean differences or standardized mean differences will be pooled using random effects analysis. This systematic review and meta-analysis will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. <b>Dissemination:</b> This systematic review and meta-analysis will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals. <b>PROSPERO registration:</b> CRD42020186006 (31/08/2020).
Selective detection of histologically aggressive prostate cancer (2011)

A predictive model incorporating age, family history, obesity, PSAD, and DRE elucidates criteria whereby ¼ of prostate biopsies can be averted while retaining high sensitivity in detecting aggressive prostate cancer.
Analog placement design with constraints of multiple symmetry groups (2009)

This paper presents a solution to handling multiple symmetry constraints in the placement design using transitive closure graph (TCG) representation for analog layouts. We propose a set of symmetric-feasible conditions, which can guarantee symmetric placement of sensitive cells with respect to multiple symmetry axes for reduction of parasitic mismatch and thermal gradients. We also develop a new contour-based packing scheme with time complexity of O(p-nlgn), where p is the number of symmetric groups and n is the number of the placed cells. Furthermore, a set of perturbation operations with time complexity of O(n), where n is the number of the placed cells, are defined in order to generate a random symmetric-feasible TCG configuration from an existing one. Our experimental results show the effectiveness of this approach compared to other state-of-the-art placement algorithms.