gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carbon rich fly ash and their nanostructures (2016)

Carbon rich fly ash was recently reported to have compositions that are ideal for use as a precursor and catalyst for carbon nanotube growth. This fly ash powder is mostly composed of pure carbon, predominantly present as sp<sup>2</sup>. In this work, the effect of sonication time on the morphology and structural properties of carbon rich fly ash particles is reported. The obtained results show that ultrasound treatment is an effective tool for producing ultrafine particles/fragments with higher porosity, which might be suitable for the adsorption of gasses. Moreover, carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) of this fly ash were produced in parallel using the ball milling technique, and were evaluated as reinforcements for epoxy based composites. These CNPs have almost spherical shapes with particle sizes of around 30 nm. They were found to have strong C=O carbonyl group bonds, which might be generated during the ball milling process. The tensile testing results of a fly ash CNP reinforced epoxy composite showed significant improvements in the mechanical properties, mainly in the stiffness of the polymer. The stiffness value was increased by around 23&#x25; of that of neat epoxy. These CNPs with chemically active groups might also be useful for other applications.
Soil moisture measurement integral to scheduling : president's comment (2006)

Extracted from text ... president's comment 
The saying 'to measure is to know' has particular 
relevance when we talk about irrigation scheduling. 
Apart from measuring how much water is applied 
during an irrigation cycle, the effect of the irrigation should 
be also be determined. The most up-to-date climatic data and 
the most advanced computer models available can be used for 
irrigation scheduling, with the best irrigation system available. 
Yet the optimum water-use efficiency will not be reached if the 
effect of the irrigation is not determined through soil moisture 
measurement. 
Soil moisture measurement (SMM) is the only way to 
determine how much of the ..
Heat and mass transfer effects in PEM fuel cells (2003)

Thermal and water management procedures in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells that influence stack performance are described. The characteristics of ion exchange membranes, mass and heat transfer effects, and thermal effects are discussed. Various design options for successful PEM stack operation are proposed. Humidification strategies result in opportunities both for thermal control and for maintenance of appropriate ionic conductivity throughout active cell areas. Dehydration of anode gases can be altered by two approaches: increased water permeability within the polymer or repeated humidification by the introduction of additional water, perhaps as a supersaturated feed, or as the result of additional sequential humidification along the utilization path. The results predict that high-current-density, stable performance is feasible for a variety of different PEM options including hydrogen-oxygen, hydrogen-air and reformate-air.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Complete chloroplast of Micractinium pusillum CCAP 231/1 (chlorellaceae, trebouxiophyceae) (2019)

The chloroplast genome of <i>Micractinium pusillum</i> CCAP 231/1 was completely sequenced. This chloroplast genome has 115,638 bp in length and consists of 111 genes including 81 protein-coding, 4 rRNA, and 26 tRNA genes. The overall GC content of the genome is 35.3%.
Ultraviolet Second Harmonic Generation in Aluminum Nitride Microring Resonators (2016)

Aluminum nitride, with a bandgap of 6.2 eV, and a χ(2) of ~10’s of pm/V can generate ultraviolet photons. This article describes using aluminum nitride microring resonators to produce second harmonic photons below 400nm.
Molecular beam epitaxial growth of (100) oriented CdTe on Si (100) using BaF2-CaF2 as a buffer (1990)

Epitaxial CdTe (100) has been grown on (100) oriented Si by molecular beam epitaxy using BaF2-CaF2 as a buffer. Two-dimensional (2-D) growth of BaF2(100) is obtained using low-temperature thermal cycles during growth. CdTe growth is also 2-D above 270 °C substrate temperature and a 2×1 surface reconstruction indicating a Te-stabilized surface is obtained. The growth is 3-D at lower substrate temperatures. Good structural quality films showing sharp electron channeling patterns and pronounced photoluminescence at 77 K are obtained. The full width at half maximum of the band-edge peak is 12 meV at 77 K.
The Use of Eye Tracking Technology in Aesthetic Surgery: Analyzing Changes in Facial Attention Following Surgery (2020)

ETT provides quantitative data post-facial rejuvenation. Facial aesthetic surgery does alter where observers look when viewing a face, decreasing the time spent inspecting the prominent signs of aging.
Black-Light-Induced Radical/Ionic Hydroxymethylation of Alkyl Iodides with Atmospheric CO in the Presence of Tetrabutylammonium Borohydride (2010)

Tin-free radical/ionic hydroxymethylation of secondary and tertiary alkyl iodides proceeded efficiently in the presence of tetrabutylammonium borohydride as the hydrogen source under atmospheric pressure of CO in conjunction with photoirradiation using black light. Two possible mechanisms were proposed, both of which involve hybrid radical/ionic processes.
Impulsive Sensation Seeking, Parental History of Alcohol Problems, and Current Alcohol and Tobacco Use in Adolescents (2008)

Impulsive sensation seeking and parental history of alcohol problems appear to be independent factors that contribute to the co-occurrence of alcohol and tobacco use in adolescents. These findings can inform prevention and treatment efforts.
The Value of Relaxation Times and Density Measurements in Clinical MRI (1987)

The hope that MRI relaxation time signatures would identify tissues, specifically, malignancies, has not been realized. This is due much less to measurement inaccuracies than to a large intrinsic variability and overlaps between malignancies and many benign pathologies. Neither has there been success in predicting relaxation times from basic tissue compositions. Nevertheless, MRI provides a qualitative measure of tissue hydration, and of flow, on the basis of relaxation times. Furthermore, pixel-by-pixel maps of relaxation times have proven useful in understanding the MRI process, in predicting the efficacy of untried techniques, and replace, in many circumstances, the need for acquisition of images with diverse sequencing parameters.
CMOS Integrated Circuits for the Quantum Information Sciences (2023)

Over the past decade, significant progress in quantum technologies has been made and, hence, engineering of these systems has become an important research area. Many researchers have become interested in studying ways in which classical integrated circuits can be used to complement quantum mechanical systems, enabling more compact, performant, and/or extensible systems than would be otherwise feasible. In this article—written by a consortium of early contributors to the field—we provide a review of some of the early integrated circuits for the quantum information sciences. CMOS and BiCMOS integrated circuits for nuclear magnetic resonance, nitrogen-vacancy-based magnetometry, trapped-ion-based quantum computing, superconductor-based quantum computing, and quantum-dot based quantum computing are described. In each case, the basic technological requirements are presented before describing proof-of-concept integrated circuits. We conclude by summarizing some of the many open research areas in the quantum information sciences for CMOS designers.
Synthesis of metabolites of cis and trans apovincamine derivatives (2008)

Synthesis of oxidative metabolites of ethyl cis-and hydroxyethyl trans-apovincaminates have been described. For cis-metabolite 8 the functionalization of the 10-hydroxy group was established through key intermediate 8-methoxy-indolopyranoquinolizine 16, for transmetabolite 10 the crucial 19-oxo-intermediate 24 was constructed from methyl 4-oxooctahydroindoloquinolizine propionate 21a.
Guest Editors' Introduction (2002)

The National Educational Sociology Committee, a subdivision of China's Society of Education, identified two themes in their sixth biannual meeting held in Nanjing, November 2000. The first was globalization and indigenization; and the second, research methodology. The first issue of Chinese Education and Society on this topic (November/December 2001, vol. 34, no. 6) included papers on globalization and indigenization; this issue carries papers on methodology delivered at the conference.*
Pedicle Screws With High Electrical Resistance (2002)

Polyaxial-type pedicle screws have the potential for high electrical resistance between the mobile crown and shank, and therefore may fail to demonstrate an electromyographic response during stimulus-evoked electromyographic testing in the setting of a pedicle breech. To avoid false-negative stimulus-evoked electromyographic testing, the cathode stimulator probe should be applied to the hexagonal port or directly to the screw shank, and not to the mobile crown.
Vehicle Navigation Systems: Is America Ready? (1997)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Although popular in Japan and Europe, vehicle navigation systems have not yet been established as a viable offering in America. This paper will discuss the current infrastructure in America which is now ready for navigation implementation. The change factors that will facilitate system acceptance include:&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt; &lt;ul class="list disc"&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;the development and introduction of proven products such as the CARiN vehicle navigation system,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;the recent availability of tested nationwide digital map database coverage, and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;the proliferation of cellular telephone service, which augments vehicle navigation capabilities.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
Mantle cell lymphoma: A cytopathological and immunocytochemical study (1996)

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma which is thought to derive from the cuff of the lymphoid follicle. The histopathologic and immunophenotypic features of MCL are well described. The literature contains few cytopathologic studies of collected cases of MCL. Review of files from the National Institutes of Health from 1989 through June 1993 revealed a total of 24 positive specimens from eight patients with a diagnosis of MCL. The specimens consisted of ten pleural effusions, ten cerebrospinal fluids (CSF), and four fine-needle aspirations. CSF involvement was noted in 3 of 8 (37.5%) patients and was associated with disease progression. The cardinal morphologic features on air-dried, Diff-Quik-stained material are a monotonous population of relatively small atypical lymphoid cells with enlarged, frequently grooved nuclei, coarse chromatin and small nucleoli, scant cytoplasm, and an absence of large or "transformed" lymphoid cells. Immunocytochemistry is characterized by expression of one or more pan-B-cell markers, immunoglobulin light-chain restriction, and positivity for the pan-T-cell antigen CD5. When these morphologic and immunocytochemical characteristics are present, the specific diagnosis of MCL can be suggested on cytologic specimens.
Whole‐genome linkage analysis of rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility loci in 252 affected sibling pairs in the United Kingdom (2002)

Linkage to the MHC region was confirmed. Eleven non-HLA regions demonstrated evidence of suggestive or nominal linkage, but none reached the genome-wide threshold for significant linkage (P = 2.2 x 10(-5)). Results of previous genome screens have suggested that 6 of these regions may be involved in RA susceptibility.
Microwave spectrum, dipole moment, and conformation of ethanedithiol (1984)

The microwave spectrum of 1,2-ethanedithiol has been investigated. Measurements yield rotational constants having values A=9292.451±0.006, B=2239.194±0.002, C=1935.557±0.002 MHz; and dipole moment components μa=0.683±0.011, μb=1.749±0.044, μc=0.774±0.034 D. Analysis of these data shows that the molecule adopts an unsymmetrical non-hydrogen-bonded conformation.
S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase overexpression reduces invasiveness and tumorigenicity in nude mice of MCF-7 breast cancer cells (2001)

To elucidate the role of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) in breast cancer biology, we have generated SAMDC overexpressing MCF-7 breast cancer cells. SAMDC overexpression did not alter in a major way growth properties of MCF-7 cells in soft agar, either under basal conditions or in response to estrogen and antiestrogen administration. SAMDC-MCF-7 cells, on the other hand, exhibited a markedly reduced invasive ability in matrigel (p=0.013). Furthermore, they were less tumorigenic in nude mice. The odds for control clones to form tumors were 3.13 (C.1.1.2-8.2, p=0.0184) higher than those for SAMDC clones. The odds ratio were identical in the absence and in the presence of estradiol. In addition, the growth rate of established tumors was slower for SAMDC than for control clones. Overall, our results are consistent with the notion that these phenotypic changes induced by SAMDC overexpression are primarily mediated by suppression of cellular putrescine (and, possibly, spermidine) levels.
Reverse reconstruction of surface topography from residual stress after chip‐forming machining of the material (2020)

Abstract Residual stress is induced in the sample of a material stressed by external forces (tension, pressure, thermal stress, etc.) from the beginning of the stress. An instantaneous level is a function of the intensity of the external deformation work, the time and speed of the deformation, and the degree of immediate surface and volume deformation. It is proportional to the individual deformation limits, i. e., the elastic limit, yield point, flexural strength and breach limit; the maximum is reached at the level of the breach limit. Furthermore, it is dependent on the physical‐mechanical properties of the material and on the method, i. e., the technology of straining, or machining. The same applies to the roughness distribution and other topographical features on the machined surface. The tension that has not been exhausted is partly returned to the volume of the sample and partly acts in contact with space, within a certain distance and time. This paper aims to present a reverse reconstruction of the surface topography from residual stresses after chip‐forming machining of the material. Our original approach to the solution fully exploits the rules of roughness distribution and other topographic features of the surfaces of the given materials after machining, not only by chip‐forming machining.
GOING PLACES: ROADS MORE AND LESS TRAVELED IN RESEARCH ON EXPATRIATE EXPERIENCES (2004)

We review 25 years of research on expatriate experiences concentrating on expatriate adjustment as a central construct, and relying on a general stressor-stress-strain framework. First, we consider who expatriates are, why their experiences differ from domestic employees, and what adjustment is. Conceptualizing (mal)adjustment in terms of stress, we next review the stressors and strains associated with it. Consolidating the wide range of antecedents (anticipatory and in-country) that have been studied to date, we note major patterns of effects and their implications for how HR managers can facilitate adjustment. Although relatively less research has focused on the consequences of adjustment, enough evidence exists to establish a bottom-line impact of poor adjustment on performance. To stimulate future efforts to understand the experiences of expatriates, we discuss the challenges and opportunities of continuing down this road of research.
A Function Generator for Walsh Order Hadamard Matrix and Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform (2000)

Walsh関数系は代表的な方形波直交関数系である.ここでは, 直交関数系, Walsh関数, Hadamard行列とそのFourier式変換について概述した.最後にWalsh順Hadamard行列を発生するプログラムと, 高速Walsh-Hadamard変換のプログラムを示した..
85‐1: Invited Paper: Organic LCDs Using Polarisers as Substrates: Enabling Pixel‐level Dimming in Dual‐Cell LCDs (2020)

A well‐known method of increasing the contrast of an LCD is to use a dual cell. FlexEnable's low temperature organic TFT process allows us to work directly with polarisers as substrates. This reduces the gap between the cells to previously unreachable levels, allowing pixel level dimming and OLED‐like contrast from a simpler stack.
Robust HF data communications at high latitudes (1999)

It is well known that the ionosphere can be highly disturbed in the auroral and polar cap regions. However, efforts to quantify ionospheric effects on high-frequency communications have concentrated mainly on lower-latitude regions. The Doppler and multipath sounding network (DAMSON) has been used in an extensive campaign to measure the channel characteristics on four paths in the auroral region of northern Scandinavia. The conditions observed indicate that robust data modems, used when less-robust, higher-rate modems fail, are required up to 90% of the time. A detailed analysis of the propagation parameters indicates that these modems, designed to operate in these regions, should be able to operate when the Doppler spread exceeds 40 Hz and the multipath spread is greater than 11.5 ms. Multiple propagation modes are common, especially between the lowest and maximum usable frequencies. The distribution of the received signal power in these cases is examined, and it is concluded that laboratory simulations used for robust-modem evaluation should include channel models with dominant modes.
The New 4-O-Methylhonokiol Analog GS12021 Inhibits Inflammation and Macrophage Chemotaxis: Role of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase α Activation (2015)

Preventing pathologic tissue inflammation is key to treating obesity-induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Previously, we synthesized a series of methylhonokiol analogs and reported that compounds with a carbamate structure had inhibitory function against cyclooxygenase-2 in a cell-free enzyme assay. However, whether these compounds could inhibit the expression of inflammatory genes in macrophages has not been investigated. Here, we found that a new 4-O-methylhonokiol analog, 3',5-diallyl-4'-methoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl morpholine-4-carboxylate (GS12021) inhibited LPS- or TNFα-stimulated inflammation in macrophages and adipocytes, respectively. LPS-induced phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)/p65 was significantly decreased, whereas NF-κB luciferase activities were slightly inhibited, by GS12021 treatment in RAW 264.7 cells. Either mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation or AP-1 luciferase activity was not altered by GS12021. GS12021 increased the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) α and the expression of sirtuin (SIRT) 1. Inhibition of mRNA expression of inflammatory genes by GS12021 was abolished in AMPKα1-knockdown cells, but not in SIRT1 knockout cells, demonstrating that GS12021 exerts anti-inflammatory effects through AMPKα activation. The transwell migration assay results showed that GS12021 treatment of macrophages prevented the cell migration promoted by incubation with conditioned medium obtained from adipocytes. GS12021 suppression of p65 phosphorylation and macrophage chemotaxis were preserved in AMPKα1-knockdown cells, indicating AMPK is not required for these functions of GS12021. Identification of this novel methylhonokiol analog could enable studies of the structure-activity relationship of this class of compounds and further evaluation of its in vivo potential for the treatment of insulin-resistant states and other chronic inflammatory diseases.
Control of alloreactivity using transient expression of a monoclonal antibody directed chimeric antigen receptor in conventional and regulatory T cells (2017)

Abstract The genetic modification of T cells offers many promising cellular therapies, but little known about how the transient targeting of T cell or T cell subsets such as CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory cells (Treg) could be used to control alloreactivity. We used the expression of a chimeric antigen receptor that recognizes labeled therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, to control T cell activation in vivo. By specifying the location of activation of donor T cells during hematopoietic cell, we modulated graft-versus-host disease and anti-leukemia effects. We also controlled the activation of Treg cells which remain immunoregulatory. When recipient Treg are targeted to activate in response to MHC Class I mismatch, we observed significantly prolonged allogeneic islet graft survival in an antigen-specific manner, as secondary skin grafts were specifically protected against rejection. The transient genetic modification of T and Treg can have lasting effects on the immune system and could be used therapeutically to regulate alloreactivity.
918: Evaluation of the Clinical Benefit of Permixon and Tamsulosin in Severe BPH Patients – Permal Study Sub-Set Analysis (2004)

You have accessJournal of UrologyPodium, Monday, May 10, 2004, 10:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 2004918: Evaluation of the Clinical Benefit of Permixon and Tamsulosin in Severe BPH Patients – Permal Study Sub-Set Analysis Frans Debruyne, Peter Boyle, Remigio Vela-Navarrete, Fernando Calais Da Silva, Pierre Teillac, Paul Perrin, Freddie C. Hamdy, and Jean Pierre Raynaud Frans DebruyneFrans Debruyne More articles by this author , Peter BoylePeter Boyle More articles by this author , Remigio Vela-NavarreteRemigio Vela-Navarrete More articles by this author , Fernando Calais Da SilvaFernando Calais Da Silva More articles by this author , Pierre TeillacPierre Teillac More articles by this author , Paul PerrinPaul Perrin More articles by this author , Freddie C. HamdyFreddie C. Hamdy More articles by this author , and Jean Pierre RaynaudJean Pierre Raynaud More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)38167-9AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "918: Evaluation of the Clinical Benefit of Permixon and Tamsulosin in Severe BPH Patients – Permal Study Sub-Set Analysis." The Journal of Urology, 171(4S), pp. 243–244 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 171Issue 4SApril 2004Page: 243-244 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Frans Debruyne More articles by this author Peter Boyle More articles by this author Remigio Vela-Navarrete More articles by this author Fernando Calais Da Silva More articles by this author Pierre Teillac More articles by this author Paul Perrin More articles by this author Freddie C. Hamdy More articles by this author Jean Pierre Raynaud More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
The structure of plastocyanin from the cyanobacterium Phormidium laminosum (1999)

The crystal structure of the 'blue' copper protein plastocyanin from the cyanobacterium Phormidium laminosum has been solved and refined using 2.8 A X--ray data. P. laminosum plastocyanin crystallizes in space group P43212 with unit-cell dimensions a = 86.57, c = 91.47 A and with three protein molecules per asymmetric unit. The final residual R is 19.9%. The structure was solved using molecular replacement with a search model based on the crystal structure of a close homologue, Anabaena variabilis plastocyanin (66% sequence identity). The molecule of P. laminosum plastocyanin has 105 amino-acid residues. The single Cu atom is coordinated by the same residues - two histidines, a cysteine and a methionine - as in other plastocyanins. In the crystal structure, the three molecules of the asymmetric unit are related by a non-crystallographic threefold axis. A Zn atom lies between each pair of neighbouring molecules in this ensemble, being coordinated by a surface histidine residue of one molecule and by two aspartates of the other.