gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rabies Prevention and Management of Cats in the Context of Trap–Neuter–Vaccinate–Release Programmes (2013)

Domestic cats are an important part of many Americans' lives, but effective control of the 60-100 million feral cats living throughout the country remains problematic. Although trap-neuter-vaccinate-return (TNVR) programmes are growing in popularity as alternatives to euthanizing feral cats, their ability to adequately address disease threats and population growth within managed cat colonies is dubious. Rabies transmission via feral cats is a particular concern as demonstrated by the significant proportion of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis associated with exposures involving cats. Moreover, TNVR has not been shown to reliably reduce feral cat colony populations because of low implementation rates, inconsistent maintenance and immigration of unsterilized cats into colonies. For these reasons, TNVR programmes are not effective methods for reducing public health concerns or for controlling feral cat populations. Instead, responsible pet ownership, universal rabies vaccination of pets and removal of strays remain integral components to control rabies and other diseases.
Handbook of Phlebotomy and Patient Service Techniques (1998)

This concise book is designed to train students in phlebotomy. The updated text incorporates information which helps the phlebotomist become a patient service technician, moving them away from the laboratory setting and into bedside health care. By providing information on multi-skill training, the text helps prepare students for future responsibilities.
Some Properties of Blood Stored in Anticoagulant CPDA‐1 Solution. A Brief Summary (1981)

Approval of the new anticoagulant preservative, CPDA-1, was based in part on data from human clinical trials of CPDA-1 performed by six cooperating laboratories and two blood bag manufacturers. Biochemical and red blood cell survival properties of 123 units of blood stored for 28 to 35 days in CPDA-1 (as reported by cooperating laboratories) are briefly summarized.
COPs and POPs: Modulators of Inflammasome Activity (2007)

Inflammasomes represent molecular platforms for the activation of inflammatory caspases and are essential for processing and secretion of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1beta and IL-18. Multiple key proteins of inflammasomes contain caspase recruitment domains (CARDs) or pyrin domains (PYDs). Dissecting CARD- and PYD-mediated interactions substantially improved our understanding of the mechanisms by which these protein platforms are activated and emphasized their essential role during the inflammatory cytokine response. However, their precise regulation is still poorly understood. A family of small proteins that are composed of either a CARD or a PYD only emerged as important inflammasome regulators. These CARD-only proteins (COPs) and PYD-only proteins (POPs) function as endogenous dominant negative proteins that modulate the activity of inflammasomes in response to pathogen infection and tissue destruction. In this review we will summarize the most recent advances in the regulation of inflammasomes and highlight their importance for immunity and inflammatory disease.
Current-induced bistability and dynamic range of microwave generation in magnetic nanostructures (2005)

We show analytically that in a current-driven magnetic layered structure there are two critical values of current: ${I}_{\mathrm{min}}$ at which the initially stable minimum of magnetic energy becomes unstable, and ${I}_{\mathrm{max}}$ at which the initially unstable maximum of magnetic energy becomes stable. If ${I}_{\mathrm{min}}&lt;{I}_{\mathrm{max}}$ there is a finite instability interval ${I}_{\mathrm{min}}&lt;I&lt;{I}_{\mathrm{max}}$ where generation of microwave oscillations is possible. If, on the other hand, ${I}_{\mathrm{min}}&gt;{I}_{\mathrm{max}}$, then in the interval ${I}_{\mathrm{min}}&gt;I&gt;{I}_{\mathrm{max}}$ the system demonstrates current-induced bistability, where spontaneous switching takes place between the stable energy minimum and energy maximum stabilized by current.
Understanding Cancer: From Basic Science to Clinical Practice (1997)

Preface 1. Introduction to cancer 2. The causes of cancer 3. The genetic basis of cancer 4. Tumour behaviour 5. Regulation of cell proliferation and cell death in tumours 6. Tumour assessment 7. Cancer treatment Glossary Index.
Folded-Slot Integrated Antenna Array for Millimeter-Wave CMOS Applications on Standard HR SOI Substrate (2009)

Silicon-based technology is now able to address new applications such as Wireless HDMI. Performances of CMOS and BiCMOS transistors enable RF designers to integrate the entire front-end. The last building block of the integration is the antenna. A folded-slot antenna and 4-antenna linear array layouts on HR SOI silicon using standard CMOS process BEOL are described. In this paper, return loss and gain measurements are performed on both structures to show the interest of an array to improve the global performances of the RF chain. The measured gain is increased from -4.7 dBi (folded-slot) to -1.8 dBi (4-element array), which is compatible with a 2 meter wireless link at 60 GHz. Moreover, an antenna radiation pattern measurement setup which is at the R&D State-of-the-Art is described and exploited for extracting radiation patterns from on-silicon mmWave antennas.
Abstract 1012: MicroRNA-203 restricts the proliferation capacity of normal colon and colon cancer stem cells by regulating the expression of Tcf4 (2012)

Abstract The canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a crucial role in driving proliferation of normal colon epithelial cells and colon cancer cells. Tcf4, which is encoded by the Tcf7l2 gene, is a critical downstream molecule of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Although several downstream target genes of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway have been identified (e.g. CD44, Lgr5 and EphB2 receptor which mark both normal colon stem cells (NCSCs) and colon cancer stem cells (CoCSCs)), upstream regulators of this pathway remain poorly characterized. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small noncoding RNAs which suppress translation by binding to specific seed sequences in 3′untranslated region (3′UTR) of target mRNAs. In this study, we aimed to find miRNAs that are highly expressed during normal colonic epithelial differentiation and can also regulate the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway; in addition, their roles in the regulation of proliferation and differentiation in both normal colon and colon cancer are investigated. We isolated similar numbers of immature progenitor cells (EpCAMhigh CD44+; crypt base) and mature cells (EpCAMhigh CD44− CD66a+; top of the crypt) from both normal and colon cancer primary samples by FACS and performed real-time PCR. In normal human colon, we found that Tcf4 is highly expressed at the crypt base and is absent or low at the top of the crypt. In primary human colon cancer, Tcf4 expression is higher in tumorigenic cells (the fraction containing the CoCSCs) than the non-tumorigenic cells. Furthermore, we found several miRNAs that are differentially expressed in the top and bottom of the crypt of human and murine normal colon epithelium. One of the miRNAs, miR-203, is downregulated both in human NCSCs and CoCSCs. MiR-203 suppresses Tcf7l2 expression by specifically targeting its 3′UTR, as shown with a luciferase reporter. Western blotting showed that Tcf4 protein expression was decreased in colon cancer cell lines transfected with miR-203. Moreover, miR-203 suppresses Wnt/β-catenin signaling as assayed by TOP-flash. Overexpression of miR-203 inhibited the organoid-formation of murine normal colon and human xenograft CoCSCs in vitro. Furthermore, miR-203 suppressed in vivo tumorigenic capacity of human CoCSCs when injected subcutaneously in NOD/SCID interleukin-2 receptor γ chain null (Il2rg(-/-)) immunodeficient mice. In conclusion, miR-203 is downregulated in both in NCSCs and CoCSCs as compared to their more mature progeny, and regulates the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway by suppressing the expression of Tcf4. These findings suggest that normal stem/progenitor cells and CoCSCs share a similar molecular machinery to regulate their proliferation capacity. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1012. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1012
A device for microcomputer controlled stimulation of cardiac muscle. (1988)

An interface is described which substitutes a stimulator for analysis of contractile properties of a muscle. A solution is presented for use of a computer both for analysis and stimulation control. A programme for such a purpose is described.
Metabolic reprogramming by Acly inhibition using SB-204990 alters glucoregulation and modulates molecular mechanisms associated with aging (2023)

ATP-citrate lyase is a central integrator of cellular metabolism in the interface of protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism. The physiological consequences as well as the molecular mechanisms orchestrating the response to long-term pharmacologically induced Acly inhibition are unknown. We report here that the Acly inhibitor SB-204990 improves metabolic health and physical strength in wild-type mice when fed with a high-fat diet, while in mice fed with healthy diet results in metabolic imbalance and moderated insulin resistance. By applying a multiomic approach using untargeted metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, we determined that, in vivo, SB-204990 plays a role in the regulation of molecular mechanisms associated with aging, such as energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, mTOR signaling, and folate cycle, while global alterations on histone acetylation are absent. Our findings indicate a mechanism for regulating molecular pathways of aging that prevents the development of metabolic abnormalities associated with unhealthy dieting. This strategy might be explored for devising therapeutic approaches to prevent metabolic diseases.
Characterizing the Generalization Error of Gibbs Algorithm with\n Symmetrized KL information (2021)

Bounding the generalization error of a supervised learning algorithm is one\nof the most important problems in learning theory, and various approaches have\nbeen developed. However, existing bounds are often loose and lack of\nguarantees. As a result, they may fail to characterize the exact generalization\nability of a learning algorithm. Our main contribution is an exact\ncharacterization of the expected generalization error of the well-known Gibbs\nalgorithm in terms of symmetrized KL information between the input training\nsamples and the output hypothesis. Such a result can be applied to tighten\nexisting expected generalization error bound. Our analysis provides more\ninsight on the fundamental role the symmetrized KL information plays in\ncontrolling the generalization error of the Gibbs algorithm.\n
Human Perception of Haptic Force Direction (2006)

In this paper we investigate the accuracy of human perception of haptic force direction applied to the hand. Haptic interfaces are commonly used in many applications and understanding the limitations of human perception would facilitate the design of these interfaces and the associated applications. The literature contains work related to force perception; however, none of which address the issue of the accuracy of haptic force direction perception. We discuss the design and implementation of the experiment used to evaluate the accuracy. Also presented are results related to training effects, fatigue and accuracy across angular regions
Using model of attenuation in the prediction of internal multiples: Data-driven workflow and field data example (2018)

We present a data-driven methodology for prediction of internal multiples that uses models of attenuation in the subsurface (scattering or anelastic attenuation factors) to improve the amplitude response of multiples originating from downward reflections at different time/depth intervals. The proposed workflow employs a data-driven method to estimate subsurface absorption effects, followed by a modified layer-based internal multiple prediction approach that combines events through convolutions and correlations. Taking the attenuation model into account improves the internal multiple prediction outcomes, and alleviates the adaptive matching process. Results show a better amplitude response of the overall model, especially in cases where internal multiples contamination in the recorded seismic is based on a multitude of generators at different propagation time/depth intervals, with different anelastic attenuation responses. Presentation Date: Monday, October 15, 2018 Start Time: 1:50:00 PM Location: 211A (Anaheim Convention Center) Presentation Type: Oral
Design of a high-speed germanium-tin absorption modulator at mid-infrared wavelengths (2017)

We propose a high-speed electro-absorption modulator based on a direct bandgap Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.875</sub> Sn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.125</sub> alloy operating at mid-infrared wavelengths. Enhancement of the Franz-Keldysh-effect by confinement of the applied electric field to GeSn in a reverse-biased junction results in 3.2dB insertion losses, a 35GHz bandwidth and a 6dB extinction ratio for a 2V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp</sub> drive signal.
Polyelectrolyte Coacervate Coatings That Dramatically Improve Oxygen Barrier of Paper (2022)

Paper-based food packaging is lightweight, low cost, and highly flexible, but it suffers from a very high oxygen transmission rate (OTR ∼ 11,100,000 cc/(m2·day·atm)). Herein, two polyelectrolyte-based coacervate coatings were studied as oxygen gas barriers on kraft builder’s paper. A single coating deposition of a polyethylenimine-poly(acrylic acid) coacervate, adding less than 20% to the paper’s weight, reduced the OTR to 164,000 cc/(m2·day·atm). This work not only demonstrates a significant OTR improvement of a poor oxygen barrier material, but also provides the foundation for polyelectrolyte-based layers to be deposited on cellulosic materials at an industrial scale.
Obtaining High Throughput in Networks with Tiny Buffers (2008)

In this paper we explore whether a general topology network built up of routers with very small buffers, can maintain high throughput under TCP's congestion control mechanism. Recent results on buffer sizing challenged the widely used assumption that routers should buffer millions of packets. These new results suggest that when smooth TCP traffic goes through a single tiny buffer of size O(log W), then close-to-peak throughput can be achieved; W is the maximum window size of TCP flows. In this work, we want to know if a network of many routers can perform well when all buffers in the network are made very small, independent of the structure of the network. This scenario represents a real network where packets go through several buffering stages on their routes. Assuming the ingress TCP traffic to a network is paced, we first prove that all routers can get by with very small buffers, if the network has a tree structure. For networks with general topology, we propose a simple active queue management policy called bounded jitter policy (BJP), and show that under the proposed policy each flow will preserve its smooth pattern across the network. Logarithmic size buffers would therefore be enough in every router of the network.
Characterization of oxide films on 4H-SiC epitaxial (0001¯) faces by high-energy-resolution photoemission spectroscopy: Comparison between wet and dry oxidation (2006)

Wet and dry oxide films-4H-SiC epitaxial (0001¯) C-face interfaces have been characterized by capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements and soft x-ray excited photoemission spectroscopy (SX-PES) and hard x-ray excited photoemission spectroscopy (HX-PES) using synchrotron radiation. The interface state density for wet oxidation is much smaller than that for dry oxidation at any energy level. In the PES measurements, intermediate oxidation states such as Si1+ and Si3+ were observed. In addition, the areal densities of these states were found to be in a good correspondence with those of the interface states. The reasons for the good electrical characteristics of metal-oxide-semiconductor devices fabricated by wet oxidation are discussed in terms of the depth profiles of oxide films derived from the SX-PES and HX-PES results.
Ultrastructural Morphology of Motor Endplate Neurotoxicities in Rats (2004)

Neurotoxic signs suggested by abnormalities of the posterior extremities are sometimes observed in rats and mice given high doses of certain test substances in acute toxicity studies, but abnormal morphological changes are not always detected in the nervous system and skeletal muscles of these animals during routine histopathological examinations. In such cases, toxicities are attributable to the onset of motor endplate neuropathy. In this article, we focus on the ultrastructural changes in neuromuscular junctions induced by several neurotoxic substances, based on the results of a search in the literature and data obtained in our laboratory. The literature survey indicated that nerve endings of the peripheral motor nerves are initially damaged in the neurotoxicity of venoms of snakes such as β-bungarotoxin, notexin and taipoxin, as well as chemically synthesized substances such as DTB, sarin, Vacor and DTBHQ, and various kinds of morphological changes as a result of the destruction of motor endplates could be observed in neuromuscular junctions of the animals exposed to these toxic substances. When paralysis of posterior extremities occurs in rats treated with certain test substances, a part of the lumbrical muscles in the foot pad should be fixed and subjected to electron microscopic examinations to eliminate misjudgments concerning neurotoxicity.
Antimicrobial Activity and Conformation of Tachyplesin I and Its Analogs. (1993)

We investigated the structure-antimicrobial activity relationship of tachyplesin I (T-I). Even when Lys1 and Trp2 were both deleted from the N-terminal end of T-I, the antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria was not decreased. But as Lys1 and Trp2 were deleted one by one, the antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria and antiviral activity were gradually decreased. Deletion of two disulfide bridges caused a significant decrease in all activities. The circular dichroism (CD) spectra revealed that the analogs containing the two disulfide bridges took a beta-sheet structure and that the analogs without the disulfide bridges took a random coil conformation. These results suggest that the beta-sheet structure maintained by two disulfide bridges plays an important role in the antimicrobial activity of T-I.
Ascorbic Acid Induces Necrosis in Human Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma via ROS, PKC, and Calcium Signaling (2016)

Ascorbic acid induces apoptosis, autophagy, and necrotic cell death in cancer cells. We investigated the mechanisms by which ascorbic acid induces death in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma Hep2 cells. Ascorbic acid markedly reduced cell viability and induced death without caspase activation and an increase in cytochrome c. Hep2 cells exposed to ascorbic acid exhibited membrane rupture and swelling, the morphological characteristics of necrotic cell death. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was increased in Hep2 cells treated with ascorbic acid, and pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine blocked ascorbic acid-induced cell death. Ascorbic acid also stimulated protein kinase C (PKC) signaling, especially PKC α/β activation, and subsequently increased cytosolic calcium levels. However, ascorbic acid-induced necrotic cell death was inhibited by Ro-31-8425 (PKC inhibitor) and BAPTA-AM (cytosolic calcium-selective chelator). ROS scavenger NAC inhibited PKC activation induced by ascorbic acid and Ro-31-8425 suppressed the level of cytosolic calcium increased by ascorbic acid, indicating that ROS is represented as an upstream signal of PKC pathway and PKC activation leads to the release of calcium into the cytosol, which ultimately regulates the induction of necrosis in ascorbic acid-treated Hep2 cells. These data demonstrate that ascorbic acid induces necrotic cell death through ROS generation, PKC activation, and cytosolic calcium signaling in Hep2 cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 417-425, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Intracellular Domain of Dumbfounded Affects Myoblast Fusion Efficiency and Interacts with Rolling Pebbles and Loner (2010)

Drosophila body wall muscles are multinucleated syncytia formed by successive fusions between a founder myoblast and several fusion competent myoblasts. Initial fusion gives rise to a bi/trinucleate precursor followed by more fusion cycles forming a mature muscle. This process requires the functions of various molecules including the transmembrane myoblast attractants Dumbfounded (Duf) and its paralogue Roughest (Rst), a scaffold protein Rolling pebbles (Rols) and a guanine nucleotide exchange factor Loner. Fusion completely fails in a duf, rst mutant, and is blocked at the bi/trinucleate stage in rols and loner single mutants. We analysed the transmembrane and intracellular domains of Duf, by mutating conserved putative signaling sites and serially deleting the intracellular domain. These were tested for their ability to translocate and interact with Rols and Loner and to rescue the fusion defect in duf, rst mutant embryos. Studying combinations of double mutants, further tested the function of Rols, Loner and other fusion molecules. Here we show that serial truncations of the Duf intracellular domain successively compromise its function to translocate and interact with Rols and Loner in addition to affecting myoblast fusion efficiency in embryos. Putative phosphorylation sites function additively while the extreme C terminus including a PDZ binding domain is dispensable for its function. We also show that fusion is completely blocked in a rols, loner double mutant and is compromised in other double mutants. These results suggest an additive function of the intracellular domain of Duf and an early function of Rols and Loner which is independent of Duf.