gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PET Reporter Gene Imaging and Ganciclovir-Mediated Ablation of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells in Solid Tumors (2020)

Imaging strategies to monitor chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell biodistribution and proliferation harbor the potential to facilitate clinical translation for the treatment of both liquid and solid tumors. In addition, the potential adverse effects of CAR T cells highlight the need for mechanisms to modulate CAR T-cell activity. The herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV1-tk) gene has previously been translated as a PET reporter gene for imaging of T-cell trafficking in patients with brain tumor. The HSV1-TK enzyme can act as a suicide gene of transduced cells through treatment with the prodrug ganciclovir. Here we report the molecular engineering, imaging, and ganciclovir-mediated destruction of B7H3 CAR T cells incorporating a mutated version of the HSV1-tk gene (sr39tk) with improved enzymatic activity for ganciclovir. The sr39tk gene did not affect B7H3 CAR T-cell functionality and <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies in osteosarcoma models showed no significant effect on B7H3 CAR T-cell antitumor activity. PET/CT imaging with 9-(4-[<sup>18</sup>F]-fluoro-3-[hydroxymethyl]butyl)guanine ([<sup>18</sup>F]FHBG) of B7H3-sr39tk CAR T cells in an orthotopic model of osteosarcoma revealed tumor homing and systemic immune expansion. Bioluminescence and PET imaging of B7H3-sr39tk CAR T cells confirmed complete tumor ablation with intraperitoneal ganciclovir administration. This imaging and suicide ablation system can provide insight into CAR T-cell migration and proliferation during clinical trials while serving as a suicide switch to limit potential toxicities. SIGNIFICANCE: This study showcases the only genetically engineered system capable of serving the dual role both as an effective PET imaging reporter and as a suicide switch for CAR T cells.
Reconstruction of Geno-Phenotypic Evolutionary equences from Intracellular Patterns of Molecular Abnormalities in Human Solid Tumors (2003)

In this chapter we describe an approach to the analysis of human tumors that emphasizes the performance of multiple simultaneous measurements on each of several thousand cells in each tumor sample. This approach can be implemented using such technologies as flow cytometry, laser-scanning cytometry, or high-resolution image analysis. Here we will focus on flow cytometry studies. Before proceeding to methodological details, we would like to consider the theoretical and practical advantages of performing cell-based measurements (vis a vis gel or array based measurements, for example), and in particular, the advantages of performing multiple measurements per cell.
Polynomial time algorithms for network information flow (2003)

The famous max-flow min-cut theorem states that a source node s can send information through a network (V,E) to a sink node t at a data rate determined by the min-cut separating s and t. Recently it has been shown that this rate can also be achieved for multicasting to several sinks provided that the intermediate nodes are allowed to reencode the information they receive. In contrast, we present graphs where without coding the rate must be a factor Ω(log|V|) smaller. However, so far no fast algorithms for constructing appropriate coding schemes were known. Our main result are polynomial time algorithms for constructing coding schemes for multicasting at the maximal data rate.
Association of Prescription With Body Composition and Patient Outcomes in Incident Peritoneal Dialysis Patients (2021)

<b>Objective:</b> The nutritional status of patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) is influenced by patient- and disease-related factors and lifestyle. This analysis evaluated the association of PD prescription with body composition and patient outcomes in the prospective incident Initiative for Patient Outcomes in Dialysis-Peritoneal Dialysis (IPOD-PD) patient cohort. <b>Design and Methods:</b> In this observational, international cohort study with longitudinal follow-up of 1,054 incident PD patients, the association of PD prescription with body composition was analyzed by using the linear mixed models, and the association of body composition with death and change to hemodialysis (HD) by means of a competing risk analysis combined with a spline analysis. Body composition was regularly assessed with the body composition monitor, a device applying bioimpedance spectroscopy. <b>Results:</b> Age, time on PD, and the use of hypertonic and polyglucose solutions were significantly associated with a decrease in lean tissue index (LTI) and an increase in fat tissue index (FTI) over time. Competing risk analysis revealed a <i>U</i>-shaped association of body mass index (BMI) with the subdistributional hazard ratio (<i>HR</i>) for risk of death. High LTI was associated with a lower subdistributional <i>HR</i>, whereas low LTI was associated with an increased subdistributional <i>HR</i> when compared with the median LTI as a reference. High FTI was associated with a higher subdistributional <i>HR</i> when compared with the median as a reference. Subdistributional <i>HR</i> for risk of change to HD was not associated with any of the body composition parameters. The use of polyglucose or hypertonic PD solutions was predictive of an increased probability of change to HD, and the use of biocompatible solutions was predictive of a decreased probability of change to HD. <b>Conclusion:</b> Body composition is associated with non-modifiable patient-specific and modifiable treatment-related factors. The association between lean tissue and fat tissue mass and death and change to HD in patients on PD suggests developing interventions and patient counseling to improve nutritional markers and, ultimately, patient outcomes. <b>Study Registration:</b> The study has been registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01285726).
O𝕡timal Run Quantities for an Assembly System with Random Yields (1988)

Abstract An assembly system consists of m production lines, each of which produces a certain type of component. The components are then fed into an assembly stage, where each set of m components, one unit from each different type, are assembled. Due to uncertainties involved in the production lines, the component yields are random. The optimization problem is to find the run quantities of the components, in order to minimize the total setup cost while guarantee at a certain level the probability of achieving a given target yield from the assembly stage. Solution procedures are developed that efficiently solve the problem under convex setup costs and increasing failure rate (IFR) component yield distributions. Also studied are the computation of the expected yield and the effect of variability.
Induced acute aflatoxicosis in goats: Treatment with activated charcoal or dual combinations of oxytetracycline, stanozolol, and activated charcoal (1982)

SUMMARY Groups of four 6- to 12-month-old male goats were injected intraruminally with a lethal dose (3 mg/kg of body weight) of aflatoxin b 1 ( afb 1 ). Treatments and delay times until start of treatment were: basic activated charcoal slurry in phosphate buffer (8 hours); charcoal slurry + the anabolic steroid stanozolol (8 hours); charcoal slurry + oxytetracycline ( otc ; 8,24, and 48 hours); and stanozolol + otc (8 and 24 hours). A nontreated group and a phosphate buffer- treated group were used as controls. Charcoal slurry decreased severity of illness in all 4 goats, decreased serum aspartate aminotransferase (ast) and bilirubin responses to afb 1 and prevented nearly all pathologic changes (av percentage of hepatic destruction was 3% compared with 31% in phosphate buffer-treated controls); 100% of the goats survived. Duration of illness was not decreased. With charcoal slurry + stanozolol, results were similar to those of charcoal slurry alone, except that 3 of 4 goats did not become ill and the mean duration of illness was only 10 hours compared with 96 hours in control goats. There were no gross lesions. In goats given charcoal slurry + otc 8 hours after afb 1 , results were similar to those of charcoal slurry + stanozolol, except that 2 goats became mildly ill (av duration of illness, 44 hours). With charcoal slurry + otc beginning 24 hours after afb 1 , 3 goats were mildly ill (av duration of illness, 80 hours) and 2 goats had mild gross lesions. Hepatic destruction increased to 13%, but recovery was still 100%. Goats given charcoal slurry + otc beginning 48 hours after afb 1 had mild illness (3 goats) and encephalopathic signs (1 goat). Illness lasted an average of 105 hours. Mild gross lesions were present in 2 goats, and average percentage of hepatic destruction was 11%. Survival decreased to 50%. Goats treated with stanozolol + otc 8 hours after afb 1 had milder respiratory signs than did control goats. Otherwise, their illness was enhanced. Serum ast and bilirubin responses to afb 1 were increased; goats that lived longest had widespread hemorrhages suggestive of a coagulation defect; average hepatic destruction was 70% (compared with 25% in untreated controls). Similar results occurred in goats given stanozolol + otc 24 hours after afb 1 , except that the average percentage of hepatic destruction was 25%. Stanozolol and otc appeared to be mutually antagonistic and to potentiate pathologic changes, especially when given 8 hours after afb 1 . Possibly the best therapy for acute aflatoxicosis in ruminants may be a large oral dose of basic activated charcoal slurry, plus either a once-only im injection of stanozolol (2 mg/kg) or a daily or twice-daily im injection of otc (10 mg/ kg) for 5 days. Treatment should be initiated no later than 24 hours after exposure to aflatoxin for maximum chance of survival. The combination of stanozolol + otc is contraindicated. Other therapies are discussed.
Localizing parts of faces using a consensus of exemplars (2011)

We present a novel approach to localizing parts in images of human faces. The approach combines the output of local detectors with a non-parametric set of global models for the part locations based on over one thousand hand-labeled exemplar images. By assuming that the global models generate the part locations as hidden variables, we derive a Bayesian objective function. This function is optimized using a consensus of models for these hidden variables. The resulting localizer handles a much wider range of expression, pose, lighting and occlusion than prior ones. We show excellent performance on a new dataset gathered from the internet and show that our localizer achieves state-of-the-art performance on the less challenging BioID dataset.
Serology and Genetics of the DL‐A System. I. Establishment of Specificities (1973)

A population of 224 unrelated dogs was tested with 54 selected canine lymphocytotoxic sera in order to define histocompatibility antigens of the dog. Mickey's factor analysis program, which is able to determine different specificities contained in one serum, was used since most of the sera were multispecific. Groups of sera containing the same specificities were formed and used for the determination of transplantation antigens. Twenty‐three preliminary groups could be defined by statistical methods. Thirty‐five families and 33 litters were tested with the same sera to validate the established groups. Segregation analysis yielded information about the allelism of two sets of specificities, thus confirming earlier suggestions of a two‐locus histocompatibility system in the dog.
Uncovering MicroRNA and Transcription Factor Mediated Regulatory Networks in Glioblastoma (2012)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal brain tumor in humans. Recent studies revealed that patterns of microRNA (miRNA) expression in GBM tissue samples are different from those in normal brain tissues, suggesting that a number of miRNAs play critical roles in the pathogenesis of GBM. However, little is yet known about which miRNAs play central roles in the pathology of GBM and their regulatory mechanisms of action. To address this issue, in this study, we systematically explored the main regulation format (feed-forward loops, FFLs) consisting of miRNAs, transcription factors (TFs) and their impacting GBM-related genes, and developed a computational approach to construct a miRNA-TF regulatory network. First, we compiled GBM-related miRNAs, GBM-related genes, and known human TFs. We then identified 1,128 3-node FFLs and 805 4-node FFLs with statistical significance. By merging these FFLs together, we constructed a comprehensive GBM-specific miRNA-TF mediated regulatory network. Then, from the network, we extracted a composite GBM-specific regulatory network. To illustrate the GBM-specific regulatory network is promising for identification of critical miRNA components, we specifically examined a Notch signaling pathway subnetwork. Our follow up topological and functional analyses of the subnetwork revealed that six miRNAs (miR-124, miR-137, miR-219-5p, miR-34a, miR-9, and miR-92b) might play important roles in GBM, including some results that are supported by previous studies. In this study, we have developed a computational framework to construct a miRNA-TF regulatory network and generated the first miRNA-TF regulatory network for GBM, providing a valuable resource for further understanding the complex regulatory mechanisms in GBM. The observation of critical miRNAs in the Notch signaling pathway, with partial verification from previous studies, demonstrates that our network-based approach is promising for the identification of new and important miRNAs in GBM and, potentially, other cancers.
Regio- and stereo-selective synthesis of β-sulphonyl-α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds via an iodosulphonylation–dehydroiodination reaction (1988)

α,β-Unsaturated carbonyl compounds underwent regiospecific lodosulphonylation with toluene-p-sulphonyl iodide or sodium toluene-p-sulphinate and iodine to afford products (2), which were stereoselectively dehydroiodinated by triethylamine to give β-sulphonyl derivatives (3). The reactivity of compounds (3) as cationic β-acylvinyl equivalents, tested with amines or thiophenol, gave compounds (4) resulting from a displacement reaction.
A novel passive waveshaping method for single-phase diode rectifiers (2002)

A passive waveshaping method for single-phase diode rectifiers is presented. It is shown that the application of the method maintains a high input power factor and lowers rectifier current stresses and volt-ampere (VA) rating of the associated reactive components as compared with the standard diode rectifier. Relevant input and output current waveforms, component ratings, and power factor values are derived. Different modes of operation are discussed as a means of obtaining high performance. Predicted results were verified experimentally on a laboratory prototype unit.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
INVESTIGATION ON THE CURRENT EPIDEMIC STATUS OF PRINCIPLE HUMAN PARASITES IN THE MID PART OF JIANGSU PROVINCE (2004)

Objective To understand the current epidemic status of principal human parasites in mid part of Jiangsu Province, so as to provide the basis for making practical control measures. W Methods The crowd over two years old were investigated in eleven spots of four counties in mid part of Jiangsu Province according to the methods of National Investigation Scheme on Human Principal Parasites. W Results The total infection rate of parasites was 6.87%. The male and female infection rates of parasites were 6.02% and 7.67%, respectively, with significant difference ( P 0.05). Nine kinds of parasites were found, which were six kinds of nematodes, two kinds of trematodes and one kind of cestodes, and in which the ratio of people with one or two kinds of parasites were 93.25 % and 6.75%. The infection rate of enterobius, hookworm, trichuris and ascaris were 7.18%, 4.16%, 1.65% and 0.41% respectively. The infection rates of people less 15 and over 50 year old groups were higher than that of other age groups. W Conclusion The infection rate of principal human parasites in mid part of Jiangsu Province decreased greatly compared with that 10 years ago. This had relationship with comprehensive facts, eg, in mass chemotherapy control, social economic, cultural, and health. There must be an emphasis in worse control, little and old age groups, kinds of enterobius and hookworm in the part in future.
Dynamic Electrosorption Analysis as an Effective Means to Characterise the Structure of Bulk Graphene Assemblies (2013)

Restacking of graphene sheets to a graphite-like structure is a prevailing problem that is known to compromise the performance of individual graphene sheets in an assembled bulk form. To address this common problem efficiently and monitor the structure and quality of graphene products comprehensively, it is highly desirable to develop reliable metrology techniques for characterising graphene-based materials on a bulk assembly level and in a quantitative manner. Here, by revisiting the physicochemical principle of electrosorption, we propose a simple electrochemical approach, namely dynamic electrosorption analysis (DEA), as an easily accessible and effective technique for evaluation of the self-stacking behaviour of graphene. Taking multilayered chemically converted graphene films as a model, we demonstrate that the DEA technique can effectively reveal very subtle variation in accessible surface area and pore size of graphene assemblies in the liquid phase and thus can provide useful insights to the experimental design relating to restacking control. This work also reveals the huge effect some routine processing conditions, such as heat treatment and drying, can have on the structure and performance of graphene-based bulk materials, providing useful guidance for future manufacturing of this class of materials.
Effects of Treatment of Metabolic Acidosis in CKD (2019)

Low-to-moderate certainty evidence suggest that oral alkali supplementation or a reduction in dietary acid intake may slow the rate of kidney function decline and potentially reduce the risk of ESKD in patients with CKD and metabolic acidosis.
Grafting of maleic anhydride on poly(lactic acid)/hydroxyapatite composites augments their ability to support osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (2022)

Implantation of bone substitutes is the treatment of choice for bone defects exceeding a critical size, when self-healing becomes impossible. The use of 3D printing techniques allows the construction of scaffolds with customized properties. However, there is a lack of suitable materials for bone replacement. In this study, maleic anhydride-grafted poly (lactic acid) (MAPLA) was investigated as a potential compatibilizer agent for 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA)/hydroxyapatite (HA) composites, in order to enhance the physicochemical and biological properties of the scaffolds. The grafting process was performed by reactive processing in a torque rheometer, with the evaluation of the use of different concentrations of maleic anhydride (MA). The success of the grafting reaction was confirmed by titration of acid groups and spectroscopic analyses, indicating the presence of succinic anhydride groups on the PLA chain. Morphological analysis of the PLA/HA 3D scaffolds, using SEM, revealed that the use of the compatibilizer resulted in a structure free from voids and holes. The compatibilization also increased the degradation process. On the other hand, TGA and DSC analyses revealed that the use of a compatibilizer had little effect on the thermal properties of the composite. Most importantly, the samples with compatibilizer were demonstrated to have a minimal cytotoxic effect on human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), promoting the osteogenic differentiation of these cells in a medium without the addition of classical osteogenic factors. Therefore, the grafting of PLA/HA composites improved their physicochemical and biological properties, especially the induction of MSC osteogenic differentiation, demonstrating the potential of these scaffolds for bone tissue replacement.
A 40 Gb/s Asynchronous Optical Packet Buffer Based on an SOA Gate Matrix for Contention Resolution (2007)

We demonstrate a 40 Gb/s optical packet buffer with asynchronous and autonomous control for use in contention resolution. Layer-2 (packet recovery) measurements are presented with less than 1 dB power penalty up to 10 circulations.
Design and Performance Evaluation of Feedforward Timing Estimator for M-PSK Signals (2009)

In this paper, we propose two new non-data-aided (NDA) feedforward timing estimators requiring 4 samples per symbol, absolute value of in-phase and quadrature (AV-IQ) and log absolute value (LOG-AV). They adopt similar system structure to conventional estimators. The mean estimated value (MEV) and mean square error (MSE) of normalized timing jitter of the proposed timing estimators are analyzed by simulation. Results show that, for binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signals, both proposed estimators are insensitive to residual phase offset and AV-IQ performs much better than other estimators. For high order modulation, AV-IQ can also achieve good jitter performance under perfect carrier phase recovery. But at high SNR, the MEVs of estimators with log function term are not accurate enough with perfect SNR estimation. Comparing with conventional estimators, the proposed estimator AV-IQ has lower complexity while LOG-AV is also acceptable.
Interleukin-9 Promotes Pancreatic Cancer Cells Proliferation and Migration via the miR-200a/Beta-Catenin Axis (2017)

<i>Background</i>. Both IL-9 and miR-200a are involved in the pathogenesis of cancers; however, the role of IL-9 in pancreatic cancer and the possible underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of IL-9 on pancreatic cancer cells and its interaction with miR-200a. <i>Methods</i>. Pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1 and AsPC-1) were treated with IL-9 and the expression of miR-200a and <i>β</i>-catenin in pancreatic cancer cells was measured. <i>β</i>-Catenin was examined as a target gene of miR-200a in pancreatic cancer cells. The interaction between IL-9 and miR-200a in pancreatic cancer cells was determined by infecting miR-200a mimics prior to IL-9 treatment and then measuring miR-200a and <i>β</i>-catenin expression. <i>Results</i>. IL-9 significantly promoted the proliferation, invasion, and migration of pancreatic cancer cells; however, the effect on pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis was insignificant. <i>β</i>-Catenin was verified as a target gene of miR-200a in pancreatic cancer cells. Overexpression of miR-200a in pancreatic cancer cells significantly attenuated proliferation and metastasis and reduced <i>β</i>-catenin expression. IL-9 treatment of pancreatic cancer cells decreased miR-200a expression and increased <i>β</i>-catenin expression. The effect of miR-200a on pancreatic cancer cells decreased following IL-9 treatment. <i>Conclusions</i>. IL-9 promotes proliferation and metastasis in pancreatic cancer cells; this effect may partly involve regulation of the miR-200a/<i>β</i>-catenin axis.
Adaptive antenna arrays and equalization for indoor digital radio (2002)

Adaptive antenna arrays and equalizers for use in transceivers for peer-to-peer wireless communications in local area networks are examined. A new adaptive transmission algorithm which uses receiver diversity combiner weights for transmission is developed. This method provides large gain with a simple design suited for a distributed network. The effects of network topology and channelization on convergence are discussed.