gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
BOAT—optimistic decision tree construction (1999)

Classification is an important data mining problem. Given a training database of records, each tagged with a class label, the goal of classification is to build a concise model that can be used to predict the class label of future, unlabeled records. A very popular class of classifiers are decision trees. All current algorithms to construct decision trees, including all main-memory algorithms, make one scan over the training database per level of the tree. We introduce a new algorithm (BOAT) for decision tree construction that improves upon earlier algorithms in both performance and functionality. BOAT constructs several levels of the tree in only two scans over the training database, resulting in an average performance gain of 300% over previous work. The key to this performance improvement is a novel optimistic approach to tree construction in which we construct an initial tree using a small subset of the data and refine it to arrive at the final tree. We guarantee that any difference with respect to the “real” tree (i.e., the tree that would be constructed by examining all the data in a traditional way) is detected and corrected. The correction step occasionally requires us to make additional scans over subsets of the data; typically, this situation rarely arises, and can be addressed with little added cost. Beyond offering faster tree construction, BOAT is the first scalable algorithm with the ability to incrementally update the tree with respect to both insertions and deletions over the dataset. This property is valuable in dynamic environments such as data warehouses, in which the training dataset changes over time. The BOAT update operation is much cheaper than completely rebuilding the tree, and the resulting tree is guaranteed to be identical to the tree that would be produced by a complete re-build.
4D smoothing of gated SPECT images using a left-ventricle shape model and a deformable mesh (2005)

We present a new 4D smoothing method for cardiac-gated SPECT. The method uses motion-compensated spatio-temporal filtering, based on motion estimated using a global left-ventricular shape model, and a deformable mesh, which accounts for myocardial brightening. The high noise levels in gated SPECT can cause difficulties for motion estimation methods that are based on local information, such as optical-flow techniques. In the proposed approach, we mitigate these problems by using a global shape model of the left ventricle (LV). This model is used to generate a volumetric mesh which is deformed from frame to frame to track myocardium motion through time. As opposed to surface based motion estimation, which follow the motion trajectories of points on the LV surface, our approach is a volumetric method, which aims to follow points within the myocardium. Therefore the method is explicitly designed to track and maintain the relative position of myocardial tissue elements. In addition, the proposed motion estimation allows incorporation of myocardial brightening, which is an artifact of the partial volume artifact, but plays a useful role in clinical assessment of wall thickening. Clinical SPECT data are used in this preliminary study to demonstrate the proposed method.
TCP and network coding equilibrium and dynamic properties (2013)

This paper analyzes the impact on the TCP-Reno congestion control mechanism of a network coding (NC) layer inserted in the TCP/IP stack. A multi-source multi-link model is considered to study the equilibrium and dynamic properties of the TCP-NC protocol with RED as active queue management mechanism. The existence and uniqueness of some network equilibrium is demonstrated and characterized in terms of average throughput, loss rate, and queue length. Global stability is proved in absence of forward delay, and the effects of the NC redundancy factor and of the delay on the local stability of TCP-NC-RED is studied around the equilibrium point. Results provided by the proposed model are compared to those obtained by simulation for N sources sharing a single link. TCP-NC-RED becomes unstable when delay or capacity increases, as TCP-Reno does. Its stability region is characterized as a function of the redundancy factor.
Interferometric direction finding with a metamaterial detector (2013)

We present measurements and analysis demonstrating useful direction finding of sources in the S band (2–4 GHz) using a metamaterial detector. An augmented metamaterial absorber that supports magnitude and phase measurement of the incident electric field, within each unit cell, is described. The metamaterial is implemented in a commercial printed circuit board process with off-board back-end electronics. We also discuss on-board back-end implementation strategies. Direction finding performance is analyzed for the fabricated metamaterial detector using simulated data and the standard algorithm, MUtiple SIgnal Classification. The performance of this complete system is characterized by its angular resolution as a function of radiation density at the detector. Sources with power outputs typical of mobile communication devices can be resolved at kilometer distances with sub-degree resolution and high frame rates.
Bilateral Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus under Sedation with Propofol and Fentanyl (2016)

Awakening during deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery may be stressful to patients. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect on MER signals and their applicability to subthalmic nucleus (STN) DBS surgery for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) under sedation with propofol and fentanyl. Sixteen consecutive patients with PD underwent STN-DBS surgery with propofol and fentanyl. Their MER signals were achieved during the surgery. To identify the microelectrodes positions, the preoperative MRI and postoperative CT were used. Clinical profiles were also collected at the baseline and at 6 months after surgery. All the signals were slightly attenuated and contained only bursting patterns, compared with our previous report. All electrodes were mostly located in the middle one third part of the STN on both sides of the brain in the fused images. Six months later, the patients were improved significantly in the medication-off state and they met with less dyskinesia and less off-duration. Our study revealed that the sedation with propofol and fentanyl was applicable to STN-DBS surgery. There were no significant problems in precise positioning of bilateral electrodes. The surgery also improved significantly clinical outcomes in 6-month follow-up.
Aperture synthesis based solely on phase images in digital holography (2021)

Aperture synthesis is an important approach to improve the lateral resolution of digital holography (DH) techniques. The limitation of the accuracy of registration positions between sub-holograms affects the quality of the synthesized image and even causes the failure of aperture synthesis. It is a major issue in aperture synthesis of DH. Currently intensity images are utilized to find the registration positions of sub-holograms in aperture synthesis. To improve the accuracy of registration positions, we proposed a method based on similarity calculations of the phase images between sub-holograms instead of intensity images. Furthermore, a quantitative indicator, degree of image distortion, was applied to evaluate the synthetic results. Experiments are performed and the results verify that the proposed phase-image-based method is better than the state-of-the-art intensity-image-based techniques in the estimation of registration positions and provides a better synthesized final three-dimensional shape image.
Outsourcing ? Resilient Ece Curriculum (2020)

This paper addresses the issue of outsourcing of electrical and computer engineering needs, and its impact on the future of ECE engineering education in the United States. The paper highlights areas of ECE that has seen significant outsourcing activities and future trends in outsourcing of ECE expertise. The intent is to offer suggestions on how to revise the ECE curriculum to; 1) help future graduating ECE engineers work in a global environment, and 2) strengthen areas of ECE that are not likely to be outsourced, and to minimize focus of areas of the ECE discipline that are most likely to be outsourced. These recommendations will in no way weaken the fundamental requirement for understanding basic ECE principles, but are merely an attempt to structure the ECE curriculum to be more resilient to outsourcing, so that ECE graduates in the United States have expertise that are not easily outsourced and can compete in a global environment.
Haemophilus influenza e Lysate Induces Aspects of the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Phenotype (2007)

Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) commonly colonizes the lower airways of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Whether it contributes to COPD progression is unknown. Here, we determined which aspects of the COPD phenotype can be induced by repetitive exposure to NTHi products. Mice were exposed weekly to an aerosolized NTHi lysate, and inflammation was evaluated by measurement of cells and cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and immunohistochemical staining; structural changes were evaluated histochemically by periodic acid fluorescent Schiff's reagent, Masson's trichrome, and Picrosirius red staining; mucin gene expression was measured by quantitative RT-PCR; and the role of TNF-alpha was examined by transgenic airway overexpression and use of an inhibitory antibody. NTHi lysate induced rapid activation of NF-kappaB in airway cells and increases of inflammatory cytokines and neutrophils in BALF. Repetitive exposure induced infiltration of macrophages, CD8+ T cells, and B cells around airways and blood vessels, and collagen deposition in airway and alveolar walls, but airway mucin staining and gel-forming mucin transcripts were not increased. Transgenic overexpression of TNF-alpha caused BALF neutrophilia and inflammatory cell infiltration around airways, but not fibrosis, and TNF-alpha neutralization did not reduce BALF neutrophilia in response to NTHi lysate. In conclusion, NTHi products elicit airway inflammation in mice with a cellular and cytokine profile similar to that in COPD, and cause airway wall fibrosis but not mucous metaplasia. TNF-alpha is neither required for inflammatory cell recruitment nor sufficient for airway fibrosis. Colonization by NTHi may contribute to the pathogenesis of small airways disease in patients with COPD.
On a Software Architecture of JUIT-Image Based Authentication System (2008)

A distributed system provides user with the ease of being accessible globally through the internet. Our image based authentication (IBA) system provides exactly that. The system is developed for academic use at Jaypee University of Information Technology (JUIT), provides a host of features that makes it user friendly and one of the most advanced IBA system till date. Secure environments protect their resources against unauthorized access by enforcing access control mechanisms. Therefore, when increasing security is an issue text based passwords are not enough to counter such problems. This is where IBA comes into play. IBA encapsulated in Kerberos Protocol, Version 5, and provides secured authentication tool to work on. Moreover, this tool provides a secure channel of communication between the communicating entities. This paper is a comprehensive study, describing how our system works along with the evaluation of its performances in different computing environments.
Digitize This: The Cultural Studies e-Archive Project (2004)

My challenge to those that use Derrida or Bey or Adorno or Bourdieu within their disciplinary frameworks to advance our understanding of new media, is can you enact the ideas of these thinkers in a sophisticated way through new media, or can it only be done through writing books about books? I challenge cultural studies and new media theorists to produce a Derrida engine or a Bourdieu database or a Bey GIS map. I am not aware of any major contribution that cultural studies has made within this medium beyond using it as a publishing and networking mechanism, and beyond writing innumerable valuable books to critique it from a distance. We need more people engaged in building academic resources on-line that help us to look at things in new ways. Craig Bellamy, “The Milk Bar Challenge,” posted on the fibreculture mailing list on 22 July, 2002
On Control of Heterogeneous Multiagent Systems: A Dynamic Measurement Output Feedback Approach (2018)

Recent research by the authors focuses on distributed control of heterogeneous linear time-invariant multiagent systems, which are subject to unknown external disturbances and track a leader with unknown dynamics, when follower agents have full access to their own states. In this paper, we generalize our recent results to achieve the same objective when follower agents have partial access to their own states. Specifically, a detectability assumption is incorporated and local state observer is used for each follower agent to estimate their own states. We first state a global sufficient condition for uniform ultimate boundedness of the output tracking error between the output of each heterogeneous follower agent and the output of the leader. The conditions when this result reduces to asymptotic synchronization are also presented. Then, an agent-wise local sufficient condition is obtained building on the results of our recent work. Finally, we provide two illustrative numerical examples to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed distributed control architecture.
Kiwifruit Juice Processing Using Heat Treatment Techniques and Ultrafiltration (1983)

ABSTRACT Heat treatment of kiwifruit juice caused formation of a heavy protein precipitate. Celite filtration removed the precipitate giving a clear, heat‐stable juice which could be readily concentrated and reconstituted. Hollow fibre ultrafiltration was used to clarify and nonthermally sterilize kiwifruit juice. Virtually all the soluble proteolytic enzyme, actinidin, remained in the retentate although there was some loss of enzymatic activity. Some sedimentation was observed in both conventionally prepared and ultrafiltered juices prepared in the 1980 season, but not in 1981. A procyanidin: protein haze formed immediately in certain clarified kiwifruit juice: apple juice blends.
Preliminary morphometric study of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα)-induced rabbit optic neuropathy (1996)

Intravitreal injections of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) induce morphological changes in the optic nerve suggesting a primary TNF alpha-induced optic neuropathy. A preliminary morphometric analysis of axonal loss and degeneration in optic nerves of a TNF alpha rabbit eye model was conducted. Fifteen rabbits were injected in one eye only with TNF alpha (final doses: 2 U, 20 U and 200 U respectively), and optic nerve cross-sections were examined using a semi-automated image analysis system, at varying time intervals for up to 24 weeks post-injection. Control optic nerves (uninjected or injected with diluent only) were also assessed. Intact, degenerating and demyelinated axons were visible in TNF alpha-exposed optic nerves. Considerable variation was observed between TNF alpha-exposed optic nerves, however the intact axon density consistently decreased in the 200 U TNF alpha group, although not in the 2 U and 20 U groups. Overall, TNF alpha-exposed optic nerves had significantly more degenerating profiles compared to control optic nerves. These observations suggest a dose-dependent axonal loss and degeneration associated with the morphological changes induced in rabbit optic nerves following intravitreal injection of TNF alpha.
Physicochemical Characterization of Asphaltenes Using Microfluidic Analysis (2022)

Crude oils are complex mixtures of organic molecules, of which asphaltenes are the heaviest component. Asphaltene precipitation and deposition have been recognized to be a significant problem in oil production, transmission, and processing facilities. These macromolecular aromatics are challenging to characterize due to their heterogeneity and complex molecular structure. Microfluidic devices are able to capture key characteristics of reservoir rocks and provide new insights into the transport, reactions, and chemical interactions governing fluids used in the oil and gas industry. Understanding the microscale phenomena has led to better design of macroscale processes used by the industry. One area that has seen significant growth is in the area of chemical analysis under flowing conditions. Microfluidics and microscale analysis have advanced the understanding of complex mixtures by providing <i>in situ</i> imaging that can be combined with other chemical characterization methods to give details of how oil, water, and added chemicals interface with pore-scale detail. This review article aims to showcase how microfluidic devices offer new physical, chemical, and dynamic information on the behavior of asphaltenes. Specifically, asphaltene deposition and related flow assurance problems, interfacial properties and rheology, and evaluation of remediation strategies studied in microchannels and microfluidic porous media are presented. Examples of successful applications that address key asphaltene-related problems highlight the advances of microscale systems as a tool for advancing the physicochemical characterization of complex fluids for the oil and gas industry.
Co‐suppression of the petunia homeotic gene fbp2 affects the identity of the generative meristem (1994)

The function of the petunia MADS box gene fbp2 in the control of floral development has been investigated. Inhibition of fbp2 expression in transgenic plants by a co-suppression approach resulted in the development of highly aberrant flowers with modified whorl two, three and four organs. This mutant flower phenotype inherited as a single Mendelian trait. The flowers possess a green corolla which is reduced in size. Furthermore, the stamens are replaced by green petaloid structures and the inner gynoecial whorl is dramatically reduced. No ovules or placenta are formed and instead two new inflorescences developed in the axils of the carpels. These homeotic transformations are accompanied by a complete down-regulation of the petunia MADS box gene fbp6 which is highly homologous to the Arabidopsis and Antirrhinum genes agamous (ag) and plena (ple). In contrast to this, two other petunia MADS box genes, exclusively expressed in whorls two and three, are still transcribed. Our results indicate that the fbp2 gene belongs to a new class of morphogenesis genes involved in the determination of the central part of the generative meristem.
Lynx multi-mode SAR in support of NATO Unified Vision 2012 trial (2013)

In June 2012, General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. (GA-ASI) Reconnaissance Systems Group participated in the NATO Unified Vision 2012 (UV12) Joint ISR (JISR) Trial at Orland Main Air Station in Brekstad, Norway. GA-ASI supplied a modified King Air 200 as a Predator B/MQ-9 Reaper Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) surrogate outfitted with a Lynx Block 30 Multi-mode Synthetic Aperture Radar/Ground Moving Target Indicator (SAR/GMTI), a FLIR Star SAFIRE 3800HD Electro-optical/Infrared (EO/IR) sensor, and a L-3 Tactical Common Data Link. This airborne platform was combined with GA-ASI’s new System for Tactical Archival, Retrieval, and Exploitation (STARE) for full integration into the NATO ISR exploitation community. UV12 was an event sponsored by the NATO Joint Capability Group on Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) to focus on the interoperability of national ISR assets and improving JISR concept of operations. The Predator B RPA surrogate flew alongside multiple NATO ISR assets in nine missions that showcased the platform’s all-weather ISR capabilities focusing on the Lynx SAR/GMTI and Maritime Wide Area Search (MWAS) modes. The inclusion of the STARE technology allowed GA-ASI’s radar and Full Motion Video (FMV) data to be seamlessly processed and passed to joint networks where the data was fused with other NATO ISR products, resulting in a full battlefield reconnaissance picture.
SuBiC: A Supervised, Structured Binary Code for Image Search (2017)

For large-scale visual search, highly compressed yet meaningful representations of images are essential. Structured vector quantizers based on product quantization and its variants are usually employed to achieve such compression while minimizing the loss of accuracy. Yet, unlike binary hashing schemes, these unsupervised methods have not yet benefited from the supervision, end-to-end learning and novel architectures ushered in by the deep learning revolution. We hence propose herein a novel method to make deep convolutional neural networks produce supervised, compact, structured binary codes for visual search. Our method makes use of a novel block-softmax nonlinearity and of batch-based entropy losses that together induce structure in the learned encodings. We show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art compact representations based on deep hashing or structured quantization in single and cross-domain category retrieval, instance retrieval and classification. We make our code and models publicly available online.
Stereocomplex formation in AB DI‐block copolymers of poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (a) and poly(lactide)(B) (1996)

Abstract The thermal properties of two series of AB di‐block copolymers of poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (A) and poly(lactide) (B) and their blends were studied. Each series contained poly(lactide) blocks of opposite chirality. The length of the poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) blocks was not varied (DP = 70), whereas the poly(lactide) blocks were of varying length (DP = 5 − 80). Blends of polymers containing blocks of opposite chirality were prepared by mixing in solution. The melting temperature of the PLA phase was raised by approximately 55 °C in the blends due to stereocomplex formation. The melting temperatures of the crystalline PCL and PLA phases strongly depended on the composition of the block copolymers.
20 GHz tunable filter based on ferroelectric (Ba,Sr)TiO 3 film varactors (1998)

The tunability and dielectric losses of ferroelectric (Ba,Sr)TiO3 film varactors were measured under DC voltage at microwave frequencies (~20 GHz). A new microwave two-pole tunable waveguide filter containing four ferroelectric (Ba,Sr)TiO3 film varactors was designed and tested. The frequency tuning of the filter results from the variation in capacitance of ferroelectric varactors with DC controlling voltage.
Motion estimation and optimum time selection for ship ISAR imaging (2004)

The problem of angular motion estimation and optimum time selection for ship ISAR imaging is addressed. The aim is to estimate ship angular motion and to select proper imaging intervals in order to obtain high quality top-view or side-view ship images suitable for processing by classification/identification procedures. To this purpose a novel analytical model for the phase/Doppler frequency of the generic ship scatterer is derived and a new ISAR algorithm is proposed, able to adapt to the ship motion conditions estimating the time instants better suited for top-view of side-view image formation and the rotation motion vertical component for top-view image scaling. The performance of the complete ISAR technique is analysed under different ship models, ship motion, acquisition geometry and background conditions. Results of the application of the proposed technique to live ISAR data prove the effectiveness of the proposed approach.