gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SecM-Stalled Ribosomes Adopt an Altered Geometry at the Peptidyl Transferase Center (2011)

As nascent polypeptide chains are synthesized, they pass through a tunnel in the large ribosomal subunit. Interaction between specific nascent chains and the ribosomal tunnel is used to induce translational stalling for the regulation of gene expression. One well-characterized example is the Escherichia coli SecM (secretion monitor) gene product, which induces stalling to up-regulate translation initiation of the downstream secA gene, which is needed for protein export. Although many of the key components of SecM and the ribosomal tunnel have been identified, understanding of the mechanism by which the peptidyl transferase center of the ribosome is inactivated has been lacking. Here we present a cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction of a SecM-stalled ribosome nascent chain complex at 5.6 Å. While no cascade of rRNA conformational changes is evident, this structure reveals the direct interaction between critical residues of SecM and the ribosomal tunnel. Moreover, a shift in the position of the tRNA-nascent peptide linkage of the SecM-tRNA provides a rationale for peptidyl transferase center silencing, conditional on the simultaneous presence of a Pro-tRNA(Pro) in the ribosomal A-site. These results suggest a distinct allosteric mechanism of regulating translational elongation by the SecM stalling peptide.
Synthese von Elaeocarpus‐Alkaloiden durch cyclisierende Imid‐Olefinierung (1987)

Abstract Das Indolizinderivat 3b wurde durch intramolekulare Wittig‐Reaktion von 13a und anschließende Acylierung erhalten. Reduktion von 3b mit LiAlH 4 und nachfolgende Oxidation führt zu Elaeocarpus‐Alkaloiden.
Evaluation of an alternate soft charge circuit for diode front end variable frequency drives (2009)

Variable frequency drives (VFDs) with diode rectifier front end are typically equipped with a resistor-contactor arrangement to limit the inrush current into the DC bus capacitors, thereby providing a means for soft charging the DC bus capacitors. Because of the mechanical nature of the magnetic contactor typically used in VFDs, there exists a concern for fatigue. In addition, during a brown out condition, typically the contactor remains closed and when the voltage recovers, the ensuing transient is often large enough to possibly cause unfavorable influence to surrounding components in the VFD. Many researchers and application engineers have thought about this issue and many are actively seeking non-mechanical solutions in a cost effective manner. In this paper, a new topology to soft charge the DC bus capacitor is proposed. Other techniques that have been evaluated are also introduced. The relative advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Experimental tests to show the feasibility of the proposed idea is also provided.
Americium/Curium Melter 2A Pilot Tests (1998)

Isotopes of americium (Am) and curium (Cm) were produced in the past at the Savannah River Site (SRS) for research, medical, and radiological applications. These highly radioactive and valuable isotopes have been stored in an SRS reprocessing facility for a number of years. Vitrification of this solution will allow the material to be more safely stored until it is transported to the DOE Oak Ridge Reservation for use in research and medical applications. To this end, the Am/Cm Melter 2A pilot system, a full-scale non- radioactive pilot plant of the system to be installed at the reprocessing facility, was designed, constructed and tested. The full- scale pilot system has a frit and aqueous feed delivery system, a dual zone bushing melter, and an off-gas treatment system. The main items which were tested included the dual zone bushing melter, the drain tube with dual heating and cooling zones, glass compositions, and the off-gas system which used for the first time a film cooler/lower melter plenum. Most of the process and equipment were proven to function properly, but several problems were found which will need further work. A system description and a discussion of test results will be given.
A functional polymorphism within plasminogen activator urokinase (PLAU) is associated with Alzheimer's disease (2006)

A number of susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been identified including a region on Chromosome 10q21-q22. Within this region the plasminogen activator urokinase gene (PLAU) was considered as a reasonable candidate from its functional implication in plasmin generation, a serine protease capable of degrading beta-Amyloid (Abeta) protein. We screened 56 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) around PLAU using 1751 individuals from four independent case-control samples (Munich, N=679; Bonn N=282; Brescia (Italy) N=219; Perth (Australia) N=557 and one discordant sib-pair sample (Munich N=622). In brain tissue samples of neuropathologically confirmed cases with AD (N=33) we analyzed plaque counts according to the risk allele. We identified that one functional exonic SNP (rs2227564) is associated with development of AD using the four independent case-control samples (Munich, P=0.02; Bonn, P=0.005; Brescia (Italy), P=0.001; Perth (Australia), P=0.03) and the discordant sib-pair sample (P=0.001). In brain tissue, from neuropathologically confirmed cases with AD, we identified significantly higher plaque counts in carriers of the risk allele (N=6; 60.3+/-16.9) compared with non-carriers (N=9; 26.3+/-8.8; P=0.007). This study provides compelling evidence of a genetic and functional involvement of a common PLAU variant into the pathogenesis of AD. Further functional investigations are warranted to elucidate the specific role of PLAU, respectively, PLAU variants in the metabolism of Abeta proteins.
Robust Sliding Mode Control-Based Trajectory Tracking Control for an Underactuated Surface Vessel With Prescribed Performance (2019)

This paper addresses the robust tracking control problem of an underactuated surface vessel (USV) with external disturbances. To guarantee the transient tracking performance of the USV, a trajectory tracking controller is proposed based on sliding mode control and prescribed performance technique. The original constrained position error model of USV was transformed into an equivalent unconstrained one by using the designed performance function. Based on the transformed error model obtained, the desired surge and sway velocities are proposed to stabilize the position errors. Then, the speed error model of the USV is transformed into the equivalent error model, and the robust sliding mode-based tracking controller is proposed to suppress the effects of the external disturbances. Meanwhile, the position and velocity errors can converge to zero with prescribed performance. Finally, a numerical simulation is provided to verify the effectiveness of the designed controller and its robustness to external disturbances.
A phase II study of pembrolizumab in combination with palliative radiotherapy (RT) for hormone receptor-positive (HR+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). (2019)

1047 Background: RT is frequently used for palliation in MBC. In animal models its use has been reported to induce distant (abscopal) tumor responses when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Here, we report the safety and efficacy of palliative RT plus pembrolizumab in a phase II single-arm study in patients (pts) with HR+/HER2- MBC. Methods: Eligible pts had HR+/HER2- MBC, ECOG PS &lt;2, indication for palliative RT, and ≥1 measurable lesion outside of the RT field; there was no limit on prior lines of therapy. A total RT dose of 20 Gray was delivered over 5 daily fractions. Pembrolizumab was given at 200 mg IV 2-7 days before day 1 of RT, then every 3 weeks until disease progression. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) outside the field of radiation by RECIST v1.1. Using the Simons “optimal” method, if ≥ 1/8 pts responded during the first stage, 19 more would be enrolled. If ≥ 3/27 responded, the null hypothesis (ORR=3%) would be rejected in favor of a 20% ORR. Predefined secondary endpoints included progression free survival (PFS) and toxicity. Analyses associating PD-L1 expression, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with outcomes were exploratory. Results: Eight women were enrolled into the first stage of the trial; no objective responses were seen, and the study was closed to further accrual. The median age was 59y (37-68y), 6 (75%) had ECOG PS 1, all had bone and 5 (63%) had liver metastases. The median number of prior cytotoxic therapies for MBC was 2 (range 0 to 8). While one patient had a PR by RECIST criteria, this patient experienced concurrent clinical progression. Two pts had SD &lt; 16 weeks and 5 had PD as best response. The median PFS was 1.4 months (95% CI 0.4 – 2.1). All-cause adverse events occurred in 87.5% of pts (G3-4, 12.5%). TIL were available for 6 pts: 4 had ≤10%, and 2 &gt; 10%. Among 5 pts with PD-L1 status available, 2 were positive. Six pts had NLR &gt; 4. Conclusions: Pembrolizumab combined with RT was well-tolerated, and no unexpected adverse events were observed; however, clinical benefit of the combination was not demonstrated in this heavily pretreated HR+ population. Clinical trial information: NCT03051672.
Doping and crystallographic effects in Cl-atom etching of silicon (1990)

Absolute rates for the intrinsic reaction between Cl atoms and surfaces of P-doped polycrystalline silicon, P-doped Si(100) and As, Sb-doped Si(111) substrates were measured for the first time as a function of dopant concentration (Ne) and substrate temperature in a downstream reaction system. This study clearly shows that when there is no ion bombardment, increasing Ne increases the Si-Cl reaction rate even when silicon is lightly doped (∼1015 cm−3), in contrast to in-discharge studies. Moreover, results showed that crystal orientation influences the Cl-Si reaction more than Ne, for Ne&amp;lt;1020 cm−3. The data are fitted to a modified Arrhenius expression, R=νNγenClT1/2e−E/kT, with R the etch rate and nCl the gas phase Cl concentration. The calculated values of the activation energy E are 4.1–4.7 kcal/mole for all doping levels and crystallographic orientations. Therefore, the doping effect is manifested solely in the preexponential (νNγe) of the Arrhenius expression, and the data qualitatively agree with a charge-transfer mechanism which facilitates chemisorption of chlorine.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ АМОРФНЫХ ФЕРРОМАГНИТНЫХ МИКРОПРОВОДОВ В КАЧЕСТВЕ ВСТРОЕННЫХ СЕНСОРОВ МЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ НАПРЯЖЕНИЙ В ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛАХ (2016)

Considerable efforts have been made to develop non-destructive methods for testing internal stress/strain condition of polymer composite materials. A new method of monitoring internal stresses is presented. The method can be referred to as embedded sensing technique, where the sensing element is a glass-coated ferromagnetic microwire with a specific magnetic anisotropy. With a diameter 10–100 microns, the microwire does not affect the structural integrity. When the microwire is remagnetized the sharp voltage is induced which is characterized by high frequency harmonics. The amplitude of these harmonics sensitively depends on various stresses. The experimental results are analyzed using simple magnetostatic models.
Towards a Total Synthesis of Aminoacylated t-RNAs (2001)

In the ribosomal biosynthesis of proteins, the aminoacylated t-RNAs serve as carriers of the amino acids. A total synthesis of these biological key-compounds would allow the site-specific incorporation of modifications within the t-RNA and attachment of any desired amino acid. Such analogues are useful tools for structural and functional studies, and for the incorporation of unnatural amino acids into proteins.Our retrosynthetic scheme for the preparation of aminoacylated t-RNAs includes the synthesis of truncated t-RNAs, the synthesis of aminoacylated RNA-fragments, and their subsequent ligation. In this article, we present our approaches toward the realization of these three tasks.
Recent advances on porous homochiral coordination polymers containing amino acid synthons (2014)

The recently developed strategies on the designed synthesis of porous homochiral MOCPs based on amino acid residues and their interesting properties are summarized in this highlight.
Gold Nanoparticles as Selective and Concentrating Probes for Samples in MALDI MS Analysis (2004)

MALDI mass spectrometry is used widely in various fields because it has the characteristics of speed, ease of use, high sensitivity, and wide detectable mass range, but suppression effects between analyte molecules and interference from the sample matrix frequently arise during MALDI analysis. The suppression effects can be avoided if target species are isolated from complicated matrix solutions in advance. Herein, we proposed a novel method for achieving such a goal. We describe a strategy that uses gold nanoparticles to capture charged species from a sample solution. Generally, ionic agents, such as anionic or cationic stabilizers, encapsulate gold nanoparticles to prevent their aggregation in solution. These charged stabilizers at the surface of the gold particles are capable of attracting oppositely charged species from a sample solution through electrostatic interactions. We have employed this concept to develop nanoparticle-based probes that selectively trap and concentrate target species in sample solutions. Additionally, to readily isolate them from solution after attracting their target species, we used gold nanoparticles that are adhered to the surface of magnetic particles through S-Au bonding. A magnet can then be employed to isolate the Au@magnetic particles from the solution. The species trapped by the isolated particles were then characterized by MALDI MS after a simple washing. We demonstrate that Au@magnetic particles having negatively charged surfaces are suitable probes for selectively trapping positively charged proteins from aqueous solutions. In addition, we have employed Au@magnetic particle-based probes successfully to concentrate low amounts of peptide residues from the tryptic digest products of cytochrome c (10(-7) M).
Automated coronary flow reserve assessment using planar X-ray angiography (2011)

with a higher spatial resolution compared to using only a limited number of regions of interest.
One Telescope per Pixel (2010)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. L. Pyayt, G. K. Starkweather, and M. J. Sinclair, "One Telescope per Pixel," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2010, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2010), paper AFB3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
E-PHEMT for single supply, no drain switch, and high efficiency cellular telephone power amplifiers (2003)

Performance of a newly developed enhancement mode power PHEMT technology is demonstrated for single supply, no drain switch, high efficiency cellular telephone power amplifier applications. The E-PHEMT features Idss=0.5 /spl mu/A/mm, Imax=190 mA/mm, V/sub p/=+0.3 V, Gm=340 mS/mm, and Vbdg=20 V. When matched on-wafer for a compromise between power and efficiency at 900 MHz, the E-PHEMT achieves Pout=100-140 mW/mm with associated PAE=70 % at 3.2 V and Pout=35 mW/mm and PAE=71% at 1.5 V. The new E-PHEMT has high gain, excellent efficiency under linear and 1 dB compressed gain conditions, making it attractive for high efficiency linear power amplifiers. A 10 mm E-PHEMT achieves remarkably similar saturated power and efficiency performance over 0 to 400 mA quiescent bias current range, which allows low power dissipation operation for high reliability.
Biphosphinine Rhodium and Cobalt(−1) Complexes (2000)

The 4,4‘,5,5‘-tetramethyl-2,2‘-biphosphinine (tmbp) dianionic sodium salt 2 reacts with [M(acac)3] (M = Co, Rh) precursors to yield the anionic [M(tmbp)2]- cobalt (3, M = Co) and rhodium (4, M = Rh) complexes. Trapping of these two species with Ph3SnCl affords [M(tmbp)SnPh3] complexes (5, M = Co) and (6, M = Rh).
Nanoacoustic Defect Manipulation in Solids (2004)

Within a nanoscale volume, an acoustic wave interacts with radiation defects in ionic solids. The radiation-induced optical absorption in ionic crystals is remarkably removed by a room-temperature ultrasonic treatment of the crystals. It is shown that the effect can be explained by defect migration processes occurring in ultrasonic fields. The inter-ion charge exchange, termed as acoustically-stimulated chemical reaction, is furthermore suggested to occur affecting the defect migration. This new method of a cold annealing of radiation defects in solids can be regarded as nanoacoustic defect manipulation.
The Crosstalk between Tumor Stroma Components and ESR1 Mutant Breast Cancer Cells Remodels Tumor Microenvironment and Enhances Tumor Growth and Progression (2021)

Background Cancer is a genetic disease characterized by the progressive accumulation of mutations that randomly occur in key cancer‐related genes such as ESR1 , encoding Estrogen Receptor Alpha (ERα). ESR1 mutations (ESR1m) are rarely detected in primary tumors, but they have been largely found in metastatic breast cancers (BCs). Particularly, mutations in the ligand‐binding domain of ERα may represent one mechanism of clinical acquired resistance after long‐term adjuvant endocrine therapy and are associated with worse clinical outcome. Several studies reported that the complex interactions between the tumor cell niche and its surrounding microenvironment (stroma) are crucial for tumor development and metastasis and influence therapeutic response. The contribution of the tumor stroma in potentiating malignant phenotype of mutated BC cells is one of the most investigated issues. Thus, we evaluated the functional interactions between BC cells expressing the most frequent ESR1m, Y537S, and surrounding stroma and vice versa. Methods As experimental models we used human parental MCF‐7 and Y537S CRISPR BC cells. We ran a microarray analysis to compare genomic profiling of the two BC cell lines and qRT‐PCR to confirm these data. We performed co‐culture experiments employing the most representative tumor stroma components such as the human monocyte cell line, THP‐1, cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and pre‐adipocytes derived from a mouse embryo, 3T3L1. We tested the effects of the different tumor stroma components on the behavior of BC cells and vice versa. Results Microarray analysis revealed that mutant BC cells exhibited higher mRNA levels of several genes encoding different mediators of tumor‐stroma interactions compared to parental counterpart. These data have been confirmed with qRT‐PCR assays. Conditioned media (CM) derived from CAFs, macrophages and mature adipocytes increased the growth, migration and invasion of both tested BC cells, even though to a higher extent in the mutant clones. Vice versa, CM‐derived from both BC cells contributed to: i) the dedifferentiation of adipocytes into pre‐adipocytes featured by the reduction in lipid droplets together with the decreased mRNA expression level of adipocyte markers, ii) the higher CAF activation, as revealed by an altered morphology, an increased FAP mRNA expression, and enhanced migratory capabilities, iii) the enhanced recruitment of monocytes displaying tumor associated macrophage markers. It is worth to mention how these events were emphasized in the presence of CM‐derived from mutant cells. Conclusions Our results showed how mutant BC cells educate tumor stroma to further potentiate its own malignant phenotype. In the era of precision medicine, our findings lead to identifying novel drugs able to target stromal components and cancer cells to be both implemented in the therapeutic strategies of BC treatment, particularly in the occurrence of ESR1 mutations.
Increased Circulating Immune Complex Levels In Hemophilia Patients Post-Infusion (1981)

Elevated levels of circulating immune complexes (CIC) have been reported in a significant proportion of hemophilia patients tested by Raji cell, Clq binding, and staphylococcal binding (SBA) methods. The clinical significance of these complexes is unclear, as is their relationship to transfused material. By SBA, we found elevated CIC levels (&gt;10 ug/ml) in 90% of severe hemophiliacs and 75% of multiply-transfused controls, all more than 72 hours post-transfusion. This was in contrast to our previous finding elevated CIC in 50% of hemophiliacs and 29% of controls by Raji cell assay. Using the SBA, seven patients were tested at intervals after Factor VIII concentrate infusion. Five showed increased CIC levels. The peak level occurred after the Factor VIII clotting activity had peaked and was declining. Two subjects showed rapid clearance of the complexes, while the others remained elevated at 24 hours. Factor VIII-related antigen was detected in isolated complexes from 2 patients. Our previous finding of HBsAg in such complexes suggests heterogeneity and perhaps different clearance patterns.
A Perspective on the Use of Antibiotics in Animal Feeds (1976)

During the past 5 years the veterinary pharmaceutical industry has spent millions of dollars reproving the safety and value of the use of antibiotics in animal feeds. Perhaps a look at the history of the use of antibiotics in animal feed would be instructive. The use of antibiotics in animal feed to improve growth and feed efficiency originated with Jukes and Stokstad in 1949 (Jukes, 1972). Commercialization occurred in 1950 and the use has increased steadily since that time. In 1973 (U.S. Tariff Comm., 1974), the total production of all antibiotics for animal feed and other non-medical uses in the United States was 8.2 million pounds. This can be compared with the total of 12.6 million Ib produced for medicinal use. By 1955 many scientists, all over the world, realized that it was time to review the results of the work to that data and to assess benefits and risks.
Evolution of Physical and Electrochemical Properties of Polypyrrole during Extended Oxidation (1992)

The charge storage capacity and electrical conductivity of polypyrrole are followed through regimes of chemically reversible and irreversible electroactivity. Overoxidation of polypyrrole occurs at potentials in excess of 0.7 V vs. a saturated calomel electrode (SCE), as demonstrated by cyclic voltammetry of thin films. Material loss from polymer films as they are overoxidized is determined by in situ quartz microbalance experiments. The potential window for reversible electrochemistry in polypyrrole is compared to that for other conducting polymers. Reflectance FTIR of thick films reveals that hydroxyl groups, followed by carbonyls, result from overoxidation.