gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of C-glycosides of 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid (KDO). Stereoselectivity in an enolate reaction (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of C-glycosides of 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid (KDO). Stereoselectivity in an enolate reactionKristina Luthman, Martin Orbe, Tommy Waglund, and Alf ClaessonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 17, 3777–3784Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00226a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00226a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views935Altmetric-Citations85LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Spin-torque-induced rotational dynamics of a magnetic vortex dipole (2008)

We study, both experimentally and by numerical modeling, the magnetic dynamics that can be excited in a magnetic thin-film nanopillar device using the spin torque from a spatially localized current injected via a tens-of-nanometer-diameter aperture. The current-driven magnetic dynamics can produce large-amplitude microwave emission at zero magnetic field, with a frequency well below that of the uniform ferromagnetic resonance mode. Micromagnetic simulations indicate that the physical origin of this efficient microwave nano-oscillator is the nucleation and subsequent steady-state rotational dynamics of a magnetic vortex dipole driven by the localized spin torque. The results show that this implementation of a spintronic nano-oscillator is a promising candidate for microwave technology applications.
Enhancement of nitric oxide production by association of nitric oxide synthase with N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptors via postsynaptic density 95 in genetically engineered Chinese hamster ovary cells: real‐time fluorescence imaging using nitric oxide sensitive dye (2006)

The current quantitative study demonstrates that the recruitment of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) beneath N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, via postsynaptic density 95 (PSD-95) proteins significantly enhances nitric oxide (NO) production. Real-time single-cell fluorescence imaging was applied to measure both NO production and Ca(2+) influx in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing recombinant NMDA receptors (NMDA-R), nNOS, and PSD-95. We examined the relationship between the rate of NO production and Ca(2+) influx via NMDA receptors using the NO-reactive fluorescent dye, diaminofluorescein-FM (DAF-FM) and the Ca(2+)-sensitive yellow cameleon 3.1 (YC3.1), conjugated with PSD-95 (PSD-95-YC3.1). The presence of PSD-95 enhanced the rate of NO production by 2.3-fold upon stimulation with 100 microm NMDA in CHO1(+) cells (expressing NMDA-R, nNOS and PSD-95) when compared with CHO1(-) cells (expressing NMDA-R and nNOS lacking PSD-95). The presence of nNOS inhibitor or NMDA-R blocker almost completely suppressed this NMDA-stimulated NO production. The Ca(2+) concentration beneath the NMDA-R, [Ca(2+)](NR), was determined to be 5.4 microm by stimulating CHO2 cells (expressing NMDA-R and PSD-95-YC3.1) with 100 microm NMDA. By completely permealizing CHO1 cells with ionomycin, a general relationship curve of the rate of NO production versus the Ca(2+) concentration around nNOS, [Ca(2+)](NOS), was obtained over the wide range of [Ca(2+)](NOS). This sigmoidal curve had an EC(50) of approximately 1.2 microm of [Ca(2+)](NOS), implying that [Ca(2+)](NR) = 5.4 microm can activate nNOS effectively.
Synthesising verified access control systems through model checking (2008)

We present a framework for evaluating and generating access control policies. The framework contains a modelling formalism called RW, which is supported by a model checking tool. RW is designed for modelling access control policies, and verifying their properties. The RW language is very expressive, allowing us to model complex access conditions which can depend on data values, other permissions, and agent roles.
The influence of relationships strength on their duration in blogosphere (2017)

Social media users create communities or groups that focus on a particular topic or place. In addition, logins ascribed to users allow us to link created content with its authors, by which means direct relationships between them are being created. In this article we analyze relations between users of Polish blogosphere, where direct interactions between them constitute a basis for assessment of the relation strength and its durability in time. We also analyze how amount of created content, influences the strength of the relationship between their author and the bloggers writing comments.
The Replication Initiation Protein Sld2 Regulates Helicase Assembly (2013)

Assembly of the Cdc45-Mcm2-7-GINS (CMG) replicative helicase complex must be regulated to ensure that DNA unwinding is coupled with DNA synthesis. Sld2 is required for the initiation of DNA replication in budding yeast. We identified a mutant of Sld2, Sld2-m1,4, that is specifically defective in Mcm2-7 binding. When this sld2-m1,4 mutant is expressed, cells exhibit severe inhibition of DNA replication. Furthermore, the CMG complex assembles prematurely in G1 in mutant cells, but not wild-type cells. These data suggest that Sld2 binding to Mcm2-7 is essential to block the inappropriate formation of a CMG helicase complex in G1. We also study a mutant of Sld2 that is defective in binding DNA, sld2-DNA, and find that sld2-DNA cells exhibit no GINS-Mcm2-7 interaction. These data suggest that Sld2 association with DNA is required for CMG assembly in S phase.
Normalization of the Ovarian Cancer Microenvironment by SPARC (2007)

Malignant ascites is a major source of morbidity and mortality in ovarian cancer patients. It functions as a permissive reactive tumor-host microenvironment and provides sustenance for the floating tumor cells through a plethora of survival/metastasis-associated molecules. Using a syngeneic, immunocompetent model of peritoneal ovarian carcinomatosis in SP(-/-) mice, we investigated the molecular mechanisms implicated in the interplay between host secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) and ascitic fluid prosurvival/prometastasis factors that result in the significantly augmented levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). Ascitic fluid-enhanced ID8 invasiveness was mediated through VEGF via a positive feedback loop with MMP-2 and MMP-9 and through activation of alpha(v) and beta(1) integrins. Host SPARC down-regulated the VEGF-MMP axis at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. In vitro, SPARC attenuated the basal as well as VEGF-induced integrin activation in tumor cells. SPARC inhibited the VEGF- and integrin-mediated ID8 proliferation in vitro and significantly suppressed their tumorigenicity in vivo. Relative to SP(+/+), SP(-/-) ascitic fluid contained significantly higher levels of bioactive lipids and exerted stronger chemotactic, proinvasive, and mitogenic effects on ID8 cells in vitro. SP(-/-) ascites also contained high levels of interleukin-6, macrophage chemoattractant protein-1, and 8-isoprostane (prostaglandin F(2)alpha) that were positively correlated with extensive infiltration of SP(-/-) ovarian tumors and ascites with macrophages. In summary, our findings strongly suggest that host SPARC normalizes the microenvironment of ovarian cancer malignant ascites through down-regulation of the VEGF-integrin-MMP axis, decreases the levels and activity of bioactive lipids, and ameliorates downstream inflammation.
[Total hip replacement and acetabular bone grafting to acetabular dysplasia]. (1990)

We have described the problems of deficient acetabular and femoral bone stock in the Japanese total hip prosthesis patients. From the mechanical viewpoint, coverage of the ultra-high-molecular-weight-polyethylene (UHMWPE) socket with bone graft is a prerequisite for preventing socket loosening. Use of a larger diameter UHMWPE cup in combination with new grafting techniques is highly desirable for reasons of creep reduction and minimal wear. From 1984 on, we reported on about 300 cases of dysplasia, high dislocation, RA and osteonecrosis of the hip. Depending on the severity of the problems, various configurations of femoral-head and neck bone grafts and hydroxyapatite particles (100-300 microns in diameter) in combination with bone cement were used. Bone resorption was seen only in the non-weight bearing regions of the graft. With our interface bioactive bone cement and grafting techniques, some of the problems of radiolucent zones and socket wear common to such difficult cases are believed to have been overcome.
Active systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with a reduced cytokine production by B cells in response to TLR9 stimulation (2014)

The capacity of B cells from lupus patients to produce cytokines upon TLR9 engagement becomes less efficient with increasing disease activity, suggesting that they either enter an exhausted state or become tolerant to TLR stimulation for cytokine production when disease worsens.
Review of MRI gradient waveform design methods with application in the study of motion (1993)

Abstract Many design techniques for magnetic resonance gradient waveforms have aimed at controlling the phase that results from spin motion during the application of gradients. This paper discusses the evolution of gradient waveform design into the gradient‐moment‐nulling and motion‐encoding efforts common today. It also describes current design methods and technology.
Abnormal Mitochondrial Function During Ischemia Reperfusion Provides Targets For Pharmacological Therapy (2009)

The concept of reperfusion injury has been a subject of intense debate. Some researchers believe that the entire injury develops during the ischemic period, whereas others argue that blood reflow extends tissue injury due to the release of oxygen-derived free radicals, an inflammatory reaction involving influx of various populations of immune cell, and dysregulation of intracellular and particularly mitochondrial calcium concentration. Mitochondrial calcium overload in the presence of oxygen-derived free radicals can result in the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), which further compromises cellular energetics. The resultant low ATP and altered ion homeostasis lead to a rupture of the plasma membrane and cell death. Mitochondria have long been proposed as one of the main players in cell death, since the mitochondria are central to synthesis of both ATP and the formation of oxygen-derived free radicals. These mechanisms are centered on mitochondrial calcium overload as a key component of cell death. Pharmacological strategies that are cardioprotective attempt to reduce mitochondrial calcium overload to decrease the likelihood of arrhythmias and cardiac dysfunction elicited by reperfusion.
Entwicklung von geräuscharmen Bildgebungstechniken für die funktionelle Magnetresonanztomographie (2008)

Ein bekanntes Problem in der funktionellen MRI (fMRI) ist, dass der Schalldruckpegel des MR-Scanners, der durch die Schaltung der Gradientenspulen erzeugt wird, ein BOLD-Signal im auditorischen Cortex hervorruft. In dieser Arbeit wird eine neue, geräuscharme echoplanare (EPI) Bildgebungssequenz vorgestellt und für auditorische Messungen optimiert. Durch die Verwendung eines sinusförmigen Auslesegradienten und eines konstanten Phasenkodiergradienten erzeugt die Sequenz ein schmalbandiges akustisches Spektrum. Dessen Frequenz ist an die Frequenzantwortfunktion des Auslesegradienten angepasst. Verglichen mit einer konventionellen EPI-Sequenz des Herstellers ist der Schalldruckpegel um bis zu 29 dBA reduziert. Die Sequenz wird in einem Block-Design-Experiment mit einem sinusförmigen Stimuluston evaluiert und mit der konventionellen EPI-Sequenz verglichen. In der statistischen Auswertung zeigt sich bei Verwendung der geräuscharmen Sequenz ein höheres Signifikanzlevel der auditorischen Aktivierung. Dies deutet stark darauf hin, dass die geräuscharme Sequenz einen höheren auditorischen BOLD-Kontrast erzeugt, als die in der fMRI konventionell eingesetzten EPI-Sequenzen.
Light Trapping in Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cells Via Plasmonic Metal Nanoparticles (2014)

Cost cutting for solar cells in grid power applications is necessary in order to drive large-scale adoption and use of renewable solar energy. Despite the large recent cost reductions in crystalline silicon solar cells, thin-film solar cells also have a viable place in the market. These cells have several potential advantages over their thicker bulk crystalline silicon cousins including lower embodied energy and material costs, higher optical absorption rates and lower material purity requirements. The continuing issue with thin-film solar cells is the short optical path length through the absorbing layer and solving this whilst not increasing recombination rates requires the use of clever light trapping techniques. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the effectiveness of plasmonic nanoparticles, in particular nanocubes, for light trapping in thin-film solar cells through numerical simulation and experimental demonstrations.
Effect of Humidity on Infection of Turkeys with Alcaligenes faecalis (1981)

Turkeys maintained at 75% to 80% relative humidity were more adversely affected by Alcaligenes faecalis infection than turkeys maintained at 20 to 35% relative humidity. Alcaligenes faecalis was reisolated earlier and more often from turkeys maintained at the higher humidity. Clinically, the turkeys maintained at high humidity exhibited both sinusitis and conjunctivitis earlier than the turkeys at low humidity. In both groups, antibody titers as determined by a microagglutination test developed by 2 weeks postinoculation and started to decline after the third week, lymphocytosis was demonstrated at 1 week postinoculation, and a lymphopenia developed at 5 weeks postinoculation.
Transient response of a tubular reactor to upsets in flow rate (1971)

Abstract This study concerns the transient response of a tubular reactor in which a second‐order reaction takes place under isothermal conditions. The reaction studied was the saponification of methyl acetate with sodium hydroxide. Experimental data were obtained in a tubular reactor for flow upsets. Theoretical models using residence time distribution (RTD) techniques have been developed. The study was conducted at 36°C. The reactor was a 13‐ft. long, ¼‐in. diam. copper tube in the form of a spiral with a volume of 110 cc. The agreement obtained between the experimental data and the RTD model predictions was good, verifying that this model is satisfactory for simulation of tubular reactor dynamics. Backmixing was observed in the reactor. This nonideality was accounted for empirically in the RTD model, since backmixing was observed to be mainly a function of flow rate.
Efficient Java exception handling in just-in-time compilation (2000)

The Java language provides exceptions in order to handle errors gracefully. However, the presence of exception handlers complicate the job of a JIT (Just-in-Time) compiler, including optimizations and register allocation, even though exceptions are rarely used in most programs. This paper describes some mechanisms for removing overheads imposed by the existence of exception handlers, including on-demand translation of exception handlers, which expose more optimization opportunities in normal flow. In addition, we also minimize the exception handling overhead for frequently thrown exceptions by jumping directly from the exception throwing point into the exception handler through a technique called exception handler prediction.
A small-angle X-ray scattering study of alpha-synuclein from human red blood cells (2016)

α-synuclein (α-syn) is the main component of Lewy bodies, which are neuropathological hallmarks of patients with Parkinson's disease. As it has been controversial whether human α-syn from erythrocytes exists as a tetramer under physiological conditions, we tried solving this issue by the small-angle X-ray solution scattering method. Under two different conditions (high ionic strength with a Tris buffer and low ionic strength with an ammonium acetate buffer), no evidence was found for the presence of tetramer. When comparing erythrocyte and recombinant α-syn molecules, we found no significant difference of the molecular weight and the secondary structure although the buffer conditions strongly affect the radius of gyration of the protein. The results indicate that, even though a stable tetramer may not be formed, conformation of α-syn depends much on its environment, which may be the reason for its tendency to aggregate in cells.
A systematic study of the crystallisation products of a series of dicarboxylic acids with imidazole derivatives (2009)

Nineteen new crystal structures are reported containing α,ω-alkanedicarboxylic acids (HOOC–(CH2)n−2–COOH, n = 0–6), maleic acid and fumaric acid with imidazole, 1-methylimidazole, 2-methylimidazole, 4-methylimidazole and 1,2-dimethylimidazole. These were characterised by single crystal X-ray diffraction at 120 K and their crystal structures are discussed together with five published structures. In all of the characterised acid–base combinations at least one of the acidic hydrogens has been transferred to the base and most have a 1 : 1 stoichiometry. Nearly two thirds of the crystal structures adopt a basic sheet topology containing hydrogen bonded anion chains linked by cations. The sheet topologies have been classified based upon the principles of a scheme proposed by MacDonald et al. (J. C. MacDonald, P. C. Dorrestein and M. M. Pilley, Cryst. Growth Des., 2001, 1, 29–38).
Sleep Apnea and Heart Failure (2003)

I n the first part of this 2-part review, we provided a synopsis of the cardiovascular effects of normal sleep and an overview of the diagnostic, pathophysiological, and therapeutic implications of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the setting of heart failure (HF). In this second part, we turn our attention to central sleep apnea (CSA), commonly referred to as Cheyne-Stokes respiration. This breathing disorder has a strikingly higher prevalence in patients with HF as compared with the general population with normal left ventricular function, and when present appears to have adverse prognostic implications. Our objective in Part II of this review is to provide a broad perspective of the pathophysiological and clinical significance of CSA in HF.
Eosinophilic pneumonia associated with pirfenidone therapy (2016)

Pulmonary eosinophilia is a common manifestation of drug-induced lung disease and, at the time of writing, some 170 medications have been implicated in eosinophilic pneumonia [1]. Since the reaction occurs rarely for any given drug, however, establishing a causal relationship is difficult, and relies on reports of temporal relationship and exclusion of alternative causes of eosinophilic lung disease. Pirfenidone is an oral antifibrotic drug that is conditionally recommended as therapy for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), based on the results of three randomised controlled trials [2]. Here, we describe what we believe to be the first report of the association of pirfenidone therapy with eosinophilic pneumonia. Pirfenidone therapy may cause eosinophilic lung disease <http://ow.ly/xWyh301icn8>
Memory-Oriented Design-Space Exploration of Edge-AI Hardware for XR Applications (2022)

Low-Power Edge-AI capabilities are essential for on-device extended reality (XR) applications to support the vision of Metaverse. In this work, we investigate two representative XR workloads: (i) Hand detection and (ii) Eye segmentation, for hardware design space exploration. For both applications, we train deep neural networks and analyze the impact of quantization and hardware specific bottlenecks. Through simulations, we evaluate a CPU and two systolic inference accelerator implementations. Next, we compare these hardware solutions with advanced technology nodes. The impact of integrating state-of-the-art emerging non-volatile memory technology (STT/SOT/VGSOT MRAM) into the XR-AI inference pipeline is evaluated. We found that significant energy benefits (&gt;=24%) can be achieved for hand detection (IPS=10) and eye segmentation (IPS=0.1) by introducing non-volatile memory in the memory hierarchy for designs at 7nm node while meeting minimum IPS (inference per second). Moreover, we can realize substantial reduction in area (&gt;=30%) owing to the small form factor of MRAM compared to traditional SRAM.
Data from Brain Neural Progenitors are New Predictive Biomarkers for Breast Cancer Hormonotherapy (2023)

&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is one of the major causes of treatment resistance in breast cancer. Among TME components, nervous system role in clinical outcome has been underestimated. Identifying neuronal signatures associated with treatment response will help to characterize neuronal influence on tumor progression and identify new treatment targets. The search for hormonotherapy-predictive biomarkers was implemented by supervised machine learning (ML) analysis on merged transcriptomics datasets from public databases. ML-derived genes were investigated by pathway enrichment analysis, and potential gene signatures were curated by removing the variables that were not strictly nervous system specific. The predictive and prognostic abilities of the generated signatures were examined by Cox models, in the initial cohort and seven external cohorts. Generated signature performances were compared with 14 other published signatures, in both the initial and external cohorts. Underlying biological mechanisms were explored using deconvolution tools (CIBERSORTx and xCell). Our pipeline generated two nervous system-related signatures of 24 genes and 97 genes (NervSign24 and NervSign97). These signatures were prognostic and hormonotherapy-predictive, but not chemotherapy-predictive. When comparing their predictive performance with 14 published risk signatures in six hormonotherapy-treated cohorts, NervSign97 and NervSign24 were the two best performers. Pathway enrichment score and deconvolution analysis identified brain neural progenitor presence and perineural invasion as nervous system-related mechanisms positively associated with NervSign97 and poor clinical prognosis in hormonotherapy-treated patients. Transcriptomic profiling has identified two nervous system–related signatures that were validated in clinical samples as hormonotherapy-predictive signatures, meriting further exploration of neuronal component involvement in tumor progression.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;The development of personalized and precision medicine is the future of cancer therapy. With only two gene expression signatures approved by FDA for breast cancer, we are in need of new ones that can reliably stratify patients for optimal treatment. This study provides two hormonotherapy-predictive and prognostic signatures that are related to nervous system in TME. It highlights tumor neuronal components as potential new targets for breast cancer therapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;