gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vitamin E and immune responses of broiler pureline chickens (2000)

Immunological responses of cockerels fed diets containing either 10 or 300 mg/kg of vitamin E were measured in three commercial broiler nuclear lines designated as A, B, and C. All cockerels were fed the 10 mg/kg diet to 91 d of age, at which time half were continued on that diet and the other half were fed a diet supplemented to contain 300 mg/kg of vitamin E. Sixteen days after feeding the diets, cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity (CBH), which is an in vivo, cell-mediated immune response, was determined as the increase in toe-web skin thickness 24 h after an injection with phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P). Twenty-two days after feeding the diets, heterophils and lymphocytes were enumerated. At this time cockerels were also inoculated intravenously with 0.1 mL of 0.25% SRBC. The injection with SRBC was repeated 27 d later. Six and 20 d after each injection, antibody titers were determined. Mercaptoethanol-resistant (IgG) and mercaptoethanol-sensitive (IgM) antibodies were also measured in the secondary titers. The ratio of heterophils to lymphocytes increased, and CBH response was depressed by feeding the higher vitamin E diet. For cockerels of Lines A and B, the higher level of vitamin E maintained primary and secondary SRBC antibody levels, whereas for Line C, levels were depressed. The effect of the higher vitamin E diet on IgG and IgM was also stock-dependent. The enhanced heterophil:lymphocyte ratio from feeding vitamin E suggests an improved phagocytic ability of the immune system. Relative asymmetries for toe-web skin thickness and shank length were similar for the three lines.
Abnormal event detection using Bayesian networks at a smart home (2015)

Existing methods have addressed the issue of detecting abnormal events at a smart home for medical care or security monitoring services extensively in the past decades. However, most of approaches use wearable sensors that require users to be equipped with the sensor devices at every moment. If the monitored users stop or pause the sensors, any abnormal events are not able to be detected. The use of non-wearable and non-intrusive sensors (e.g., IP cameras) is necessary for providing better user experiences and achieving sustainable and reliable detection model. However, it is still very challenging to analyze such non-wearable sensor data with a high accuracy. In this work, we propose an event detection model using a Bayesian Network. We first obtain the features by analyzing the daily videos and audios captured from different angles by multiple IP cameras at a smart home. These features are then used to construct a Bayesian network. We propose a probabilistic graph model where the dependence relations are defined in the graph as opposed to the naive Bayesian network. The experiments are presented to demonstrate the performance and utility of our model.
Resolving leukocytes using axial light loss (1989)

Axial light loss (ALL) is the measurement of the total light lost from the laser beam at 0 degrees when a particle passes through the beam. Used in combination with the monoclonal antibody CD45, ALL can effectively resolve lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, and dead cells in viable or fixed preparations of human peripheral blood. A bivariate display of ALL vs. CD45 clearly resolves all granulocytes from lymphocytes; although degranulated granulocytes cannot be resolved with forward-angle and right-angle light scatter, they are clearly resolved in right-angle scatter vs. CD45. A blood differential can be performed, with a single laser flow cytometer and three colors of fluorescence, when ALL is combined with fluoresceinated CD45 to resolve leukocytes, phycoerythrin-labeled NKH1 to resolve natural killer cells, and biotinylated CD3 in combination with DuoCHROME, the phycoerythrin/Texas red conjugate fluorochrome from Becton Dickinson, to resolve T-cells. B-cells are the only cells negative for both phycoerythrin and Texas red. When PE CD4 is included, the CD3+ CD4+ T-cell subset is resolved from the CD3+ CD4- subset comprising mainly the CD3+ CD8+ T-cell subset. The addition of propidium iodide is unnecessary since ALL clearly resolves dead cells in a viable preparation of human peripheral blood. Furthermore, since ALL resolves these cells even after fixation in paraformaldehyde, all samples can be fixed prior to analysis, thereby minimizing the potential biohazard risk.
IC‐P‐192: EFFECTS OF AMYLOID‐B DEPOSITION ON MITOCHONDRIAL COMPLEX I ACTIVITY IN BRAIN: A PET STUDY IN AGED MONKEYS (2014)

FDG-PET is a well-established technique for quantitative imaging of the regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (rCMRglc) in living brain, however [18 F]FDG was taken up into not only normal tissues but also inflammatory regions with microglial activation. We developed a novel PET probe, [18 F]BCPP-EF, for quantitative imaging of mitochondrial complex I (MC-I) activity in vivo [Harada et al., J Labeled Comp Radiopharm, 2013], and aging effects on MC-I activity was investigated in the living brains of monkeys (Macaca mulatta) using animal PET scanner [Tsukada et al., Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging, 2013]. The present study was aimed to assess the effects of amyloid- b (A b) deposition on rCMRglc, translocator protein (TSPO) activity, an established marker of microglial activation, and MC-I activity in aged monkey brain. PET scans using [11 C]PIB for A b, [11 C]DPA-713 for TSPO, [18 F]FDG for rCMRglc, and [18 F]BCPP-EF for MC-1 were performed under conscious states in aged animals within two months interval. Scans of [18 F]FDG and [18 F]BCPP-EF were conducted with arterial blood sampling. Binding of [18 F]BCPP-EF to MC-I was analyzed as total distribution volume (V T) using 2-tissue compartment (2-TC) model analyses. Energy metabolism was calculated using [18 F]FDG as rCMRglc. A b deposition and TSPO activity were determined as SUV of [11 C]PIB and [11 C]DPA-713, respectively. When plotted V T of [18 F]BCPP-EF against SUVR of [11 C]PIB in the cerebral cortical regions, it showed a significant negative correlation between them (Figure A). Plotting of SUV of [11 C]DPA-713 against SUVR of [11 C]PIB resulted in a significant positive correlation, suggesting that A b deposition-induced inflammatory effects with microglial activation. In contrast, plotting of rCMRglc against SUVR of [11 C]PIB did not reach statistically significant level (Figure B). Plotting of rCMRglc against SUV of [11 C]DPA-713 revealed a significant positive correlation.
ChemInform Abstract: REGIOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF 2‐OXO‐2,8‐DIHYDRO‐(1,2,4)OXADIAZOLO(2,3‐A)PYRIMIDINE‐7‐CARBAMATES: A NEW CLASS OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE PERIPHERAL VASODILATORS (1982)

Abstract Aus dem bekannten N‐Oxid (I) entsteht durch Reaktion mit dem Lösungsmittel (II) das Pyridylderivat (III), welches mit dem Ester (IV) in das disubstituierte N‐Oxid (Va) übergeführt wird.
Studies on the Low Temperature Fermentation (1969)

With the Brevibacterium sp. P145 isolated from soil, the effect of incubation temperature on the extracellular amino acid accumulation has been examined from cultural and enzymological points of view. The strain was found to accumulate L-glutamic acid up to 5.88 mg/ml and L-alanine 0.38 mg/ml at 5°C, whereas it formed 0.21 mg/ml of L-glutamic acid and 2.54 mg/ml of L-alanine at 28°C. The accumulation of L-alanine in the medium at 28°C seemed to be related to the thiamine requirement of the strain. In the case of thiamine deficiency, L-alanine was the main product in the culture at 28°C. When the incubation temperature was abruptly shifted from 28°C to 5°C or from 5°Cto 28°C, the amino acid accumulation was also changed to that of the final temperature. L-Alanine dehydrogenase existed even in the cells grown at 5°C but was not active at this low temperature. These results were in accord with the informations obtained from cultural experiments.
Intensified First Cycle of Rituximab Plus Eight Cycles of Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisolone with Rituximab Chemotherapy for Advanced-Stage or Bulky Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Multicenter Phase II Consortium for Improving Survival of Lymphoma (CISL) Study (2023)

Rituximab intensification on days 0 to the 1st cycle of the standard 8 cycles R-CHOP-21 for advanced DLBCL yielded favorable response rates after the 3 cycles of chemotherapy and acceptable toxicities, especially for male patients. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01054781.
Holographic planar lightwave circuit for on-chip spectroscopy (2014)

Computer-generated planar holograms are a powerful approach for designing planar lightwave circuits with unique properties. Digital planar holograms in particular can encode any optical transfer function with high customizability and is compatible with semiconductor lithography techniques and nanoimprint lithography. Here, we demonstrate that the integration of multiple holograms on a single device increases the overall spectral range of the spectrometer and offsets any performance decrement resulting from miniaturization. The validation of a high-resolution spectrometer-on-chip based on digital planar holograms shows performance comparable with that of a macrospectrometer. While maintaining the total device footprint below 2 cm 2 , the newly developed spectrometer achieved a spectral resolution of 0.15 nm in the red and near infrared range, over a 148 nm spectral range and 926 channels. This approach lays the groundwork for future on-chip spectroscopy and lab-on-chip sensing.
A configurable protocol architecture for CORBA environments (2002)

Describes a flexible architecture for building the protocols required to allow interaction between distributed objects in a CORBA environment. A key feature of the architecture is its ability to select the elements of a protocol stack dynamically at bind-time depending on the properties of the interface being accessed. This permits multiple object-invocation protocols to coexist such that a system may support local, intra-ORB (object request broker) and inter-ORB protocols and allows the selection of the most appropriate protocol at run-time. In addition, the architecture is capable of supporting "non-standard" interaction protocols such as multimedia streams. This paper outlines the architectural principles used and describes an efficient implementation of the CORBA Internet Inter-ORB Protocol.
Next generation of GaN-on-Silicon power devices (2018)

Breakdown limitation of GaN/SiHowever, 1.2 kV applications currently not reachable by GaN / Si due to : Limitation of breakdown voltage (buffer thickness with low bow < 6 m) Trapping assessment NEVER reported @ 1200 V yet BV of GaN / Si scales with the buffer thickness but Thick buffers result in high wafer bow, high defect density and reliability issues Higher defect densityHigher strain or even cracks
Predictive data analytics and machine learning enabling metrology and process control for advanced node IC fabrication (2015)

Processor technology is going through multiple changes in terms of patterning techniques (multipatterning, EUV and DSA), device architectures (FinFET, nanowire, graphene) and patterning scale (few nanometers). These changes require tighter controls on processes and measurements to achieve the required device performance, and challenge the metrology and process control in terms of capability and quality. Predictive metrology and analytics offer Multivariate data with non-linear trends and complex correlations generally cannot be described well by mathematical models but can be relatively easily learned by computing machines and used to predict or extrapolate. In this paper we present the application of machine learning and analytics to accurately predict the electrical performance of deep trenches and metal lines. Machine learning models can be used in process control where, for example, the electrical test results are predicted early in the processing flow invoking appropriate actionable decisions. It is demonstrated that metal line resistance can be modeled directly by the raw reflectance spectra obtained using scatterometry tool. This obviates the need to make complex geometrical models to measure the CDs and then establishing the correlation of CDs to resistance. It is shown that dimensional parameters such as height and CD can be derived from the predicted electrical measurements. Such information can be used in feedforward or feedback flow to optimize, control or monitor processes in fab. Results show improved correlation of neural network model predicted deep trench capacitance to the measured capacitance compared to the capacitance predicted by multivariate linear regression model that is currently in use. This paper presents the concept of predictive metrology with the use of machine learning and predictive analytics for CD and electrical test predictions. Predictive metrology can be used in conjunction with hybrid metrology to enable APC and novel metrology pathways in gap areas in the advanced semiconductor research, development and manufacturing.
A review of the subfamily amblyseiinae muma (Acari: Phytoseiidae): Part VII. Typhlodromipsini n. tribe (2005)

Abstract The tribe Typhlodromipsini n. tribe is diagnosed and 5 new genera are proposed: Diaphoroseius n. gen., Aristadromips n. gen., Phytodromips n. gen., Metadromips n. gen., and Afrodromips n. gen. Three established genera are included in this tribe: Typhlodromips De Leon, Scapulaseius Karg and Oomen-Kalsbeek, new status, and Knopkirie Beard. Keys to these genera are provided and exemplar species are figured. We propose a cladogram suggesting the relationships between the constituent genera. We also amend the generic name Ueckermannia (to Ueckermannseius) that we proposed in an earlier paper (2005).
Environmental Engineers and Scientists Have Important Roles to Play in Stemming Outbreaks and Pandemics Caused by Enveloped Viruses (2020)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVViewpointNEXTEnvironmental Engineers and Scientists Have Important Roles to Play in Stemming Outbreaks and Pandemics Caused by Enveloped VirusesKrista R. Wigginton*Krista R. WiggintonDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United StatesDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States*Phone: +1 (734) 763-2125; fax: +1 (734) 764-4292; email: [email protected]More by Krista R. Wiggintonhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-6665-5112 and Alexandria B. BoehmAlexandria B. BoehmDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United StatesMore by Alexandria B. Boehmhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-8162-5090Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54, 7, 3736–3739Publication Date (Web):March 24, 2020Publication History Received9 March 2020Published online24 March 2020Published inissue 7 April 2020https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c01476Copyright © 2020 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSACS AuthorChoiceArticle Views18880Altmetric-Citations75LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Anatomy,COVID-19,Genetics,Genomics,Infectious diseases,SARS-CoV-2,Viruses Get e-Alerts
Childhood scoliosis: MR imaging. (1987)

The spinal cords of 28 scoliosis patients between the ages of 1 month and 17 years were examined with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Complete visualization was obtained in all cases. In 15 patients (53%) neuropathologic abnormalities demonstrated by MR imaging significantly affected their clinical course, including tethered cords (n = 7), syringomyelia (n = 5), Arnold-Chiari I malformation (n = 4), spinal cord tumors (n = 2), Arnold-Chiari II malformation (n = 3), and diastematomyelia (n = 1). The advantages of MR imaging in the evaluation of the scoliotic spine in children include a high sensitivity for the occult conditions associated with scoliosis, good anatomic demonstration of the cord, and absence of bone artifacts. MR imaging is recommended as a primary imaging modality in scoliosis, following conventional radiography.
La filière ovine limousine croit en un nouvel essor (2013)

Dans les annees 2000, la filiere ovine a connu une serie de severes crises economiques et sanitaires entrainant des revenus faibles et inferieurs a ceux des autres productions. Le cheptel limousin a subi une tres forte erosion : -41% entre 2000 et 2012. Le reequilibrage positif des aides du dernier bilan de sante de la Pac a traduit la reconnaissance et l'importance, par les pouvoirs publics, de cette filiere.
Modeling of radiation action based on nanodosimetric event spectra. (2001)

Assuming that the number of ionizations events within short segments of DNA-size volumes is a major factor of the biological effectiveness of ionizing radiation, we have designed and manufactured a new nanodosimetric detector counting ionization events in small wall-less gas volumes, which simulate such DNA segments. The detector measures individual ionizations in low-pressure (~1 Torr) propane or any other gas corresponding to a tissue-equivalent cylindrical volume of 2-4 nm diameter and up to 30 nm length. While first nanodosimetric event spectra with protons and alpha particles are being obtained, it is important to develop and test a theory that relates these spectra to biological endpoints such as strand breakage, mutations, and lethal cellular events. This paper describes the two-compartment theory, which is based on the premise that energy deposition in nanometer sites can be broadly divided into two categories: a low-energy deposition compartment comprising events with a total number of 2-5 ionizations, and a high-energy deposition compartment comprising events containing 6-10 ionizations. Under standard biochemical conditions, these events will lead to different biological consequences. The fate of DNA lesions produced by low-energy deposition events will mostly depend on the repair capacity of the irradiated cells, whereas events produced by high-energy deposition events will be irreparable. These events are therefore the biologically most relevant lesions, since they inevitably lead to mutation and cell death.
Pulse versus nonpulse steroid regimens in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: A systematic review and meta‐analysis (2022)

Systemic steroids are associated with reduced mortality in hypoxic patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there is no consensus on the doses of steroid therapy in these patients. Several studies showed that pulse dose steroids (PDS) could reduce the progression of COVID-19 pneumonia. However, data regarding the role of PDS in COVID-19 is still unclear. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the role of PDS in COVID-19 patients compared to nonpulse steroids (NPDS). Comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases from inception through February 10, 2022 was performed for all published studies comparing PDS to NPDS therapy to manage hypoxic patients with COVID-19. Primary outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes were the need for endotracheal intubation, hospital length of stay (LOS), and adverse events in the form of superimposed infections. A total of 10 observational studies involving 3065 patients (1289 patients received PDS and 1776 received NPDS) were included. The mortality rate was similar between PDS and NPDS groups (risk ratio [RR]: 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92-1.65, p = 0.16). There were no differences in the need for endotracheal intubation (RR: 0.71, 95%: CI 0.37-1.137, p = 0.31), LOS (mean difference: 1.93 days; 95% CI: -1.46-5.33; p = 0.26), or adverse events (RR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.56-1.57, p = 0.80) between the two groups. Compared to NPDS, PDS was associated with similar mortality rates, need for endotracheal intubation, LOS, and adverse events. Given the observational nature of the included studies, randomized controlled trials are warranted to validate our findings.
Prevention of bladder tumor implantion after fluorescence-guided TUR with photodynamic therapy (2009)

The prevalence of bladder cancer is very high, due to its high recurrence rate in superficial bladder cancer (30 to 85%), which is the staging of approximately 80% of the patients at first diagnosis. Risk of recurrence and progression is associated with grade, stage, presence of concomitant carcinoma in situ, size and number of lesions, as well as time to first recurrence. Recurrences can be partly attributed to new occurrences but also to residual tumors after resection. Incomplete tumor removal has been observed in 30 to 50% of TUR's, especially when dealing with T<sub>1</sub> or poorly visible malignant or pre-malignant disease1. Fluorescence guided resection with 5 amino levulinic acid (ALA) or its hexyl ester derivative (Hexvix, has now unequivocally been demonstrated to increase detection rate and a growing number of studies indicate this has a positive impact on recurrence and progression ratesImplantation of viable tumor cells, dispersed during resection, is a third factor influencing bladder cancer recurrence. The aim of early intravesical therapy is to interfere with cell viability and thus reduce implantation risks.
Characterization of HLA-A*02:01 MHC Immunopeptide Antigens Enhanced by Ultraviolet Photodissociation Mass Spectrometry (2021)

Identifying major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I immunopeptide antigens represents a key step in the development of immune-based targeted therapeutics and vaccines. However, the complete characterization of these antigens by tandem mass spectrometry remains challenging due to their short sequence length, high degree of hydrophobicity, and/or lack of sufficiently basic amino acids. This study seeks to address the potential for 193 nm ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) to improve the analysis of MHC class I immunopeptides by offering enhanced characterization of these sequences in lower charge states and differentiation of prominent isomeric leucine and isoleucine residues in the HLA-A*02:01 motif. Although electron transfer dissociation-higher energy collisional dissociation (EThcD) offered some success in the differentiation of leucine and isoleucine, 193 nm UVPD was able to confirm the identity of nearly 60% of leucine and isoleucine residues in a synthetic peptide mixture. Furthermore, 193 nm UVPD led to significantly more peptide identifications and higher scoring metrics than EThcD for peptides obtained from immunoprecipitation of MHC class I immunopeptides from <i>in vitro</i> cell culture. Additionally, 193 nm UVPD represents a promising complementary technique to higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), in which 424 of the 2593 peptides identified by 193 nm UVPD were not identified by HCD in HLA-A*02:01-specific immunoprecipitation and 804 of the 3300 peptides identified by 193 nm UVPD were not identified by HCD for pan HLA-A, -B, and -C immunoprecipitation. These results highlight that 193 nm UVPD offers an option for the characterization of immunopeptides, including differentiation of leucine and isoleucine residues.