gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Motion cueing algorithms for small driving simulator (2006)

This paper deals with motion control problem for a 2 DOF small driving simulator. The main idea is to test and compare performances of different washout algorithms applied to such platform category. The experimentations allow us to have the best compromise between quality of the perception (sensation), implementation complexity and platform architecture. Implementation of different washout algorithms (optimal, adaptive and classical one) are discussed. Only the longitudinal restitution is studied. The results show that there is not significant differences between these approaches using with platform type. The lack of pitch DOF in our simulator does not allow a restitution of the sustained acceleration and no coordination between longitudinal and pitch channels may be done
Reducing Stress and Anxiety in the Metaverse: A Systematic Review of Meditation, Mindfulness and Virtual Reality (2022)

Meditation, or mindfulness, is widely used to improve mental health. With the emergence of Virtual Reality technology, many studies have provided evidence that meditation with VR can bring health benefits. However, to our knowledge, there are no guidelines and comprehensive reviews in the literature on how to conduct such research in virtual reality. In order to understand the role of VR technology in meditation and future research opportunities, we conducted a systematic literature review in the IEEE and ACM databases. Our process yielded 19 eligible papers and we conducted a structured analysis. We understand the state-of-art of meditation type, design consideration and VR and technology through these papers and conclude research opportunities and challenges for the future.
Antibiotics release from cement spacers used for two‐stage treatment of implant‐associated infections after total joint arthroplasty (2018)

Two-stage revision arthroplasty is the treatment of choice for periprosthetic infection, a serious complication after knee or hip arthroplasty. Our prospective clinical trial aimed to investigate the concentrations of gentamicin and vancomycin in wound exudate and tissue in two-stage revision arthroplasty. Wound exudate and periprosthetic membrane samples were collected from 18 patients (10 hip and eight knee patients), who were due for two-stage treatment after a periprosthetic joint infection. Samples were taken during insertion of antibiotic-impregnated spacers and after their removal. The concentrations of gentamicin and vancomycin in wound exudates and adjacent tissue were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Average time period of spacer implantation was 13.6 weeks (9.3-22.6 weeks). The concentration of vancomycin in wound exudate decreased from a median of 43.28 μg/mL (0.28-261.22) after implantation to 0.46 μg/mL (0.13-37.47) after the removal of the spacer. In the adjacent tissue, vancomycin concentration was mainly undetectable prior to spacer implantation (0.003 μg/g [0.003-0.261]) and increased to 0.318 μg/g [0.024-484.16] at the time of spacer removal. This was also observed for gentamicin in the tissue of patients who previously had cement-free implants (0.008 μg/g [0.008-0.087] vs. 0.164 μg/g [0.048-71.75]) while in the tissue of patients with previously cemented prosthesis, baseline concentration was already high (8.451 μg/g [0.152-42.926]). Despite the rapid decrease in antibiotics release from spacer cement observed in vitro, in vivo antibiotics are much longer detectable, especially in the adjacent soft tissue. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials Published By Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res B Part B, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1587-1597, 2019.
Integrated control of Rhizoctonia solani by methyl bromide and Trichoderma harzianum (1985)

Under laboratory conditions, isolate TH–203 of Trichoderma harzianum was found to be tolerant of up to 20 000 ppm methyl bromide (MB) (v/v), whereas the plant pathogen Rhizoctonia solani was susceptible to a dose of less than 9000 ppm (v/v). Exposure to sub–lethal concentrations of MB had no effect on the in vitro antagonistic ability of T. harzianum . Soil fumigation with MB at the equivalent of a commercial dose of 500 kg/ha did not reduce the population of Trichoderma in soil and allowed rapid colonization of Trichoderma to develop in the soil. Under greenhouse conditions a combination of T. harzianum and a reduced dose of MB (equivalent to 200 kg/ha) completely controlled disease incidence of R. solani in bean seedlings compared with controls in untreated soils. Similar disease control was achieved with the recommended dose of MB. Under field conditions, the combination of 200 kg/ha MB and T. harzianum gave a significant synergistic effect on damping–off of carrot seedlings caused by R. solani , and had a similar effect on growth, yield and disease control to that of the recommended dose. T. harzianum was also able to prevent reinfestation by R. solani in fumigated soils.
Synthesis and Characterization of Conducting Elastomers Based on Interpenetrated C60-Derived Polymer Networks (1998)

Abstract : Highly stretchable elastomers embedded with a thin conducting polyaniline layer. A processing technique was demonstrated or the fabrication of interpenetrating conductive polyaniline networks at the near-surface region of fullerenol hypercrosslinked poly (urethane ether) elastomer films. The resulting conductive elastomer film is highly stretchable and exhibits appreciable conductivity in the incorporated, doped polyaniline layer without deteriorating the elasticity and tensile strength of the bulk supporting polymer. Conductive polymers designed by this synthetic method exhibit increased conductivity even upon elastomer elongation by 500% of original length. Hysteresis was observed; however, a high reversibility of the strain-dependent resistivity was evident, thus indicating no further deterioration in the strain-dependent resistance. Also, full compressibility of the conductive C60-PU-PANI elastomer with a nearly constant pressure-dependent resistance was observed from 10 psi to 90 psi. Synthesis of octadecahydroxylated C70. Novel hydrophilic ?70! polymers were synthesized in a reaction involving oxidative sulfation of the C70 molecules induced by H2SO4-SO3. Addition of P2O5 or SeO2 achieved modulation of the sulfation rate til high yield (72%). MALDI-TOF mass spectrum of the ?70! fullerenols indicate octadecahydroxyfullerenes containing 11 hydroxy addends per C70 cage, which correlates the structure of its sulfated precursor as noncyclosulfated ?70! fullerene, C70(SO4)9.
Seismic fault detection using deep learning technology (2018)

Deep learning has showed success in various industries for different processing tasks. However, it is still in the initial stage of the application of seismic exploration. In this paper, we propose to apply deep learning technology to detect seismic faults. The convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to build the U-net model for seismic fault detection (SFDU-net). And multi-scale and multi-level feature learning is used to process seismic data. In the training stage, we use dataset of model to pre-train the SFDU-net as initialization parameters for the field data training. This trick effectively improves the convergence speed of the SFDU-net. Finally, field data experiment demonstrates that our proposed SFDU-net is feasible for seismic fault detection. In the meantime, our research provides a reference for further studies of seismic data processing and interpretation.
Lessons from Stuxnet (2011)

The article mentions that the malware such as Stuxnet can affect critical physical infrastructures that are controlled by software, which implies that threats might extend to real lives. Stuxnet differs from past malware in several ways. First, most malware tries to infect as many computers as possible, whereas Stuxnet appears to target industrial control systems and delivers its pay load under very specific conditions. Second, Stuxnet is larger and more complex than other malware. It cotains exploits for four vulnerabilities.
Dosimetry, Treatment Planning for BNCT (2015)

BNCTの線量評価は，まずホウ素(10B)と中性子との反応によって生じるホウ素線量を評価する。さらに生体組織を構成する窒素や水素と中性子との反応で生じる線量や，ビームに混入するγ線による付随線量も評価しなければならない。中性子の粒子挙動は複雑であるため，BNCTの線量評価にはモンテカルロ法が用いられる。したがってBNCT用の治療計画システムには開発当初からモンテカルロ線量計算エンジンが実用化されている。
Counting Chromophores in Conjugated Polymers (2005)

Die emittierenden Spezies in konjugierten Polymeren wurden einzelmolekülspektroskopisch untersucht (siehe Bild). Die Anzahl emittierender Zentren (Chromophore) hängt vom Molekulargewicht und von der Kettenlänge ab. Mithilfe eines leiterförmigen Undecaphenylens als molekulares Lineal wurden die Größen der Chromophore im Polymer bestimmt und die konjugierten Bereiche direkt vermessen.
Effect of analgesics and sedatives on the occurrence of spreading depolarizations accompanying acute brain injury (2012)

Spreading depolarizations are waves of mass neuronal and glial depolarization that propagate across the injured human cortex. They can occur with depression of neuronal activity as spreading depressions or isoelectric spreading depolarizations on a background of absent or minimal electroencephalogram activity. Spreading depolarizations are characterized by the loss of neuronal ion homeostasis and are believed to damage functional neurons, leading to neuronal necrosis or neurological degeneration and poor outcome. Analgesics and sedatives influence activity-dependent neuronal ion homeostasis and therefore represent potential modulators of spreading depolarizations. In this exploratory retrospective international multicentre analysis, we investigated the influence of midazolam, propofol, fentanyl, sufentanil, ketamine and morphine on the occurrence of spreading depolarizations in 115 brain-injured patients. A surface electrode strip was placed on the cortex, and continuous electrocorticographical recordings were obtained. We used multivariable binary logistic regression to quantify associations between the investigated drugs and the hours of electrocorticographical recordings with and without spreading depolarizations or clusters of spreading depolarizations. We found that administration of ketamine was associated with a reduction of spreading depolarizations and spreading depolarization clusters (P < 0.05). Midazolam anaesthesia, in contrast, was associated with an increased number of spreading depolarization clusters (P < 0.05). By using a univariate odds ratio analysis, we also found a significant association between ketamine administration and reduced occurrence of isoelectric spreading depolarizations in patients suffering from traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid haemorrhage and malignant hemispheric stroke (P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that ketamine-or another N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist-may represent a viable treatment for patients at risk for spreading depolarizations. This hypothesis will be tested in a prospective study.
Replication and expression of fragments of phage PM2 cloned in Escherichia coli K-12. (1981)

DNA from PM2 phage was cloned, as HindIII fragments and inserted into the pBR322 vector in E. coli cells. It was shown, that replication of recombined plasmids starts from the pBR322 origin. Transcription of recombinant plasmids in E. coli cells, as well as translation in minicells was demonstrated and attributed to pBR322 and/or PM2 DNA sequences.
Science and Technology of Low Speed and Motorless Flight, Part 1 (1979)

The proceedings of the Third International Symposium on the Science and Technology of Low Speed and Motorless Flight are reported. Twenty-eight papers were presented in the areas of low speed aerodynamics, new materials applications and structural concepts, advanced flight instrumentation, sailplane optimal flight techniques, and self launching and ultralight glider technology. These papers are included in the document along with another paper, which was not presented, on proposed definitions for various categories of sailplanes and gliders.
Adaptive beamforming using distributed antenna Arrays: Joint versus distributed processing (2010)

This work presents our analysis on adaptive beamforming and combining techniques applied to a system consisting of distributed antenna arrays. Our analysis reveals the connection between the theoretical and the practical schemes for data combination. The important roles played by the canonical correlations (CC), which may or may not exist among multiple data sets in a distributed antenna system, are studied to justify the use of different combining techniques for different operation environments.
0018 Whole Genomic Associations of Transcription Factor Networks With Sleep Disordered Breathing Traits in Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) (2018)

The genetic architecture of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) traits in humans remains largely unknown. Transcription factors such as HIF1A regulate gene expression, facilitate transcriptional programs, and respond to environmental signals. Identifying how variations in transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) across the genome associate with SDB phenotypes may help identify common mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of SDB and its cardiometabolic consequences. As part of our ongoing genetic analysis of SDB traits at sequence-level resolution, we examined TFBS network mutations in individuals participating in the NHLBI TOPMed Consortium. We analyzed 3,525 individuals from 5 NHLBI research cohort studies (892 African-, 206 Asian-, 2013 European-, and 414 Hispanic/Latino-Americans) with overnight objective recordings of average and minimum oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2) during sleep, percent sleep with SpO2 <90% (Per90), and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and deep sequencing coverage. Mixed-effect models were used to adjust for age, sex, BMI, cohort, and self-identified ancestry with empirical genetic relatedness matrices to account for population structure and relatedness. For each of up to 581 transcription factors, TFBS variants with predicted functional consequences (fathmm-MKL score > 0.5) across the genome were tested together in set-based analyses using MM-SKAT. The lead transcription factor associations were with CTCF (average SpO2 and Per90 SKAT p = 6.5 × 10–15 and 2.3 × 10–8 respectively), ERG (minimum SpO2 p = 7.8 × 10–22), and TAL1 (AHI p = 5.9 × 10–22). CTCF, FOXA1 and MYC were among the top 5 transcription factors in 3 analyses (average SpO2, minimum SpO2 and Per90), while PPARG, RELA, and TAL1 were among the top 5 transcription factors in 2 analyses. Important regulators of cell cycles (FOXA1, MYC), transcriptional insulation (CTCF), inflammation (RELA, PPARG), lipid metabolism (PPARG), and hematopoesis (ERG, TAL1) are associated with SDB traits through altered transcription factor binding sites throughout the genome. These results provide further insight into the genetic regulation of traits associated with SDB. American Thoracic Society Foundation, K01 HL135405, R35 HL135818, R01 HL113338.
UV-induced Ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated and Rad3-related (ATR) Activation Requires Replication Stress (2004)

Ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated and Rad3-related (ATR) plays an essential role in the maintenance of genome integrity and cell viability. The kinase is activated in response to DNA damage and initiates a checkpoint signaling cascade by phosphorylating a number of downstream substrates including Chk1. Unlike ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM), which appears to be mainly activated by DNA double-strand breaks, ATR can be activated by a variety of DNA damaging agents. However, it is still unclear what triggers ATR activation in response to such diverse DNA lesions. One model proposes that ATR can directly recognize DNA lesions, while other recent data suggest that ATR is activated by a common single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) intermediate generated during DNA repair. In this study, we show that UV lesions do not directly activate ATR in vivo. In addition, ssDNA lesions created during the repair of UV damage are also not sufficient to activate the ATR-dependent pathway. ATR activation is only observed in replicating cells indicating that replication stress is required to trigger the ATR-mediated checkpoint cascade in response to UV irradiation. Interestingly, H2AX appears to be required for the accumulation of ATR at stalled replication forks. Together our data suggest that ssDNA at arrested replication forks recruits ATR and initiates ATR-mediated phosphorylation of H2AX and Chk1. Phosphorylated H2AX might further facilitate ATR activation by stabilizing ATR at the sites of arrested replication forks.
(Invited, Digital Presentation) Evaluation of Polycrystalline-Si1-XGex Thin-Film Transistors Grown Laterally on a Glass Substrate Using a Continuous-Wave Laser (2022)

This study aims to understand the performance of continuous-wave laser lateral crystallization (CLC) poly-Si 1-x Ge x TFTs. The transfer characteristics of n-ch CLC poly-Si 1-x Ge x TFTs revealed that the threshold voltages shifted in the positive direction compared with those of CLC poly-Si TFTs with increasing Ge concentration. The characteristics of CLC n-ch poly-Si 1-x Ge x TFTs can be explained by the formation of acceptors. For p-ch TFTs, the transfer characteristics of CLC poly-Si 1-x Ge x TFTs exhibited a larger I off than those of CLC poly-Si TFTs. The I on /I off ratio is small for p-ch parallel CLC poly-Si 1-x Ge x TFTs and is weakly dependent on the gate length. In contrast, p-ch perpendicular CLC poly-Si 1-x Ge x TFTs exhibit large I on /I off values for long gate lengths. The variation in the I on /I off ratio of p-ch CLC poly-Si 1-x Ge x TFTs according to the parallel or perpendicular and long or short gate length is explained by Ge segregation along the grain boundary, resulting in the formation of a high-concentration p-type conduction region along the grain boundary, which connects the SD regions.
Cytotoxic activity of Kingella kingae RtxA toxin depends on post-translational acylation of lysine residues and cholesterol binding (2018)

Kingella kingae is a member of the commensal oropharyngeal flora of young children. Improvements in detection methods have led to the recognition of K. kingae as an emerging pathogen that frequently causes osteoarticular infections in children and a severe form of infective endocarditis in children and adults. Kingella kingae secretes a membrane-damaging RTX (Repeat in ToXin) toxin, RtxA, which is implicated in the development of clinical infections. However, the mechanism by which RtxA recognizes and kills host cells is largely unexplored. To facilitate structure-function studies of RtxA, we have developed a procedure for the overproduction and purification of milligram amounts of biologically active recombinant RtxA. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed the activation of RtxA by post-translational fatty acyl modification on the lysine residues 558 and/or 689 by the fatty-acyltransferase RtxC. Acylated RtxA was toxic to various human cells in a calcium-dependent manner and possessed pore-forming activity in planar lipid bilayers. Using various biochemical and biophysical approaches, we demonstrated that cholesterol facilitates the interaction of RtxA with artificial and cell membranes. The results of analyses using RtxA mutant variants suggested that the interaction between the toxin and cholesterol occurs via two cholesterol recognition/interaction amino acid consensus motifs located in the C-terminal portion of the pore-forming domain of the toxin. Based on our observations, we conclude that the cytotoxic activity of RtxA depends on post-translational acylation of the K558 and/or K689 residues and on the toxin binding to cholesterol in the membrane.
T1ρ-MR imaging technique to distinguish four-layered zonal structure of articular cartilage for detecting early-onset osteoarthritis (2012)

In order to evaluate the capacity of T1ρ-MRI(Magnetic Resonance Imaging) technique in distinguishing a four-layered zonal structure of articular cartilage for detecting the early-onset osteoarthritis (OA), eight 3-month-old female Danish landrace pigs, weighing 45.3 ± 5.5 kg, were used in this study. Two hind knees were randomly divided into two groups. IL-1β was injected into articular cavities in one group while physiological saline into another as a control one. Six hours later, the patellae were obtained for T1ρ-MRI and histological examination to distinguish the four-layered zonal structure of articular cartilages. The thickness of each layer and their percentages in the entire cartilage were measured on both T1ρ-MR images and the histological slices. T1ρ values of every layer were calculated from T1ρ-mapping images. In the result, the four-layered zonal structure of articular cartilage was displayed on both T1ρ-MR images and the histological slices. The ICC between these two methods was 0.981 for single measures (P=0.001), and 0.990 for average measures (P = 0.001). Compared with control patellae, T1ρ values significantly increased on the superficial and calcified layers in the IL-1β treated patellae (P=0.037). Therefore, this study demonstrates that the four-layered zonal structure of the articular cartilage is visibly displayed on the T1ρ-MR images. T1ρ-MRI technique can detect the earliest event of cartilage degeneration while these measurable changes are not shown in the histological slices. It is possible to use this technique for observing the effects of early interventions on the early-onset OA.
Electrochemical Promotion of Ethylene Oxidation over Rh Catalyst Thin Films Sputtered on YSZ and TiO[sub 2]/YSZ Supports (2005)

The effect of electrochem. promotion of catalysis or nonfaradaic electrochem. modification of catalytic activity or electropromotion was studied for the model reaction of ethylene oxidn. on sputter-coated Rh films. The thin (40 nm) Rh films were deposited on Y2O3-stabilized-ZrO2 (YSZ) and on YSZ coated with a thin porous TiO2 layer. The catalytic activity of Rh for C2H4 oxidn. can be reversibly enhanced via anodic current or potential application by up to a factor of 80 and the increase in the oxidn. rate is up to 2000 times larger than the rate of supply of O2- to the Rh catalyst-electrode. Smaller anodic currents cause periodic catalytic rate and potential oscillations. The TiO2 layer was found to enhance the open-circuit catalytic activity and to stabilize the electrochem. promoted catalyst state. The obsd. pronounced electrochem. promotion behavior is due to the anodically controlled migration (back spillover) of O2- species from YSZ to the Rh/gas interface and the concomitant destabilization, via repulsive lateral interactions, of the formation of surface Rh2O3. The electropromotion of such thin metal catalyst films with metal dispersion near 10% is of significant importance for the practical use of the electrochem. promotion of catalysis. [on SciFinder (R)]
Population-Based Health Utility Assessment of Migraine Headache Symptoms before and after Surgical Intervention (2019)

Therapeutic, IV.