gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of accurate diagnostic criteria on incidence of acute otitis media in otitis-prone children (2004)

Over 70% of children currently suffer from acute otitis media (AOM) before their second birthday, and incidence is increasing rapidly. Recent studies have raised concern about inadequate use of diagnostic equipment and insufficient training in diagnoses. We recruited 309 children with a history of recurrent otitis media who were followed for 6 months during 1 infectious season. A study physician examined and treated any child whose parents suspected AOM. Pneumatic otoscope and tympanometry were used. Number of AOM diagnoses during the study was compared with AOM diagnoses during the preceding 6-month period. AOM diagnoses decreased 56%, and nearly 80% of children had fewer episodes of AOM discovered than during the preceding 6 months. AOM is frequently over-diagnosed. Use of proper diagnostic criteria, the pneumatic otoscope, and tympanometry can help correct diagnosis, and thereby reduce incidence of AOM.
Application of Deep Learning in Land Use Classification for Soil Erosion Using Remote Sensing (2022)

China is suffering from serious soil and water loss due to improper land use, leading to flood and drought disasters, and industrial and agricultural reduction. The commonly used monitoring methods of soil and water loss rely on the visual interpretation of remote sensing images, which is time-consuming and laborious. In this study, deep learning semantic segmentation technology was applied to monitoring land use for soil and water conservation. Manual visual interpretation mark samples and land use products collected in recent years were combined to construct training samples for deep learning. Deep convolution neural network model based on ResNet152 and DeeplabV3+ was selected for performing land use classification. Then the soil and water loss were quantified using the Chinese Soil Loss Equation (CSLE) based on the hydrological, geographic, vegetation cover and land use information. The experimental results show that the deep learning model can quickly extract robust edge features from remote sensing images and has high pixel accuracy (83.4%). Although the model accuracy was affected by the land cover types and image quality in different study area, it can still achieve an accuracy higher than 70% in other counties through our experiment. It can further improve the information service level of soil and water conservation product, and provide a useful guideline for automatic land use interpretation and identification of soil and water conservation status based on high resolution remote sensing images.
Pulse Switching in a Lossy Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter (AOTF) (2001)

In this paper, we did a study of the transmission characteristics of the AOTF operating with ultrashort light pulses(2ps).Initially one consider the performance of the device, operating in the nonlinear regime without loss.It was observed that the effect of dispersion and nonlinearity, has strong influence on the pulse propagation when one increase the length of the AOTF.For shorter length of the device the switched pulse is presenting time broadening.For higher length of the device, pulse breakup was observed.Considering the AOTF with loss one consider the device of length 0.25mm with loss of 4dB/mm constructed with an increasing nonlinearity profile.It was observed that the increase of the nonlinearity lead the switched pulse from broadening to optical compression.One can say that one can operate the AOTF in a configuration that one can avoid the pulse break up and have a switched pulse with a shorter time duration compared with the lossy AOTF.The study of the AOTF operating with ultra short optical solitons provides possibilities for achieving, high efficiency in ultrafast all-optical signal processing, especially for optical switches, filters and optical transistors.
The impact of proton pump inhibitors on the intestinal microbiota in chronic hepatitis C patients (2019)

<b>Objectives:</b> Proton pump inhibitors (PPI), a class of drugs commonly used, are known to be associated with changes in the intestinal microbiota. Published studies were done in heterogeneous cohorts which could hamper conclusions drawn as effects of diseases were not taken into consideration. We aimed to elucidate differences in the intestinal microbiota being associated to the use of PPI in a cohort study of patients with chronic hepatitis C. <b>Material and Methods:</b> The 16S rDNA gene was analyzed in stool samples of patients with and without PPI use. Patients with concomitant medication influencing the microbiota were excluded. Results were compared with the clinical course of hepatitis C patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. <b>Results:</b> No differences in alpha diversity could be observed, while the microbial community structure differed significantly, especially in patients with liver cirrhosis. The relative abundance of <i>Streptococcus spp</i>., <i>Enterobacter spp</i>. and <i>Haemophilus spp</i>. was significantly increased in patients with PPI use irrespectively of the stage of liver disease. Finally, in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis due to chronic HCV infection only in these using PPI bacterial phylotypes were isolated. <b>Conclusions:</b> PPI use was associated with significant alterations in the microbial community in patients with chronic hepatitis C, which were even pronounced in patients with liver cirrhosis. In patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis due to chronic HCV infection, the use of PPI may promote infections either directly or indirectly through changes in the microbial community structure. Future studies should further investigate long-term impact on the microbiota and the clinical outcome.
Macromol. Chem. Phys. 5/2007 (2007)

Cover: The cover shows a SEM image of core/shell spherical vaterite particles produced in the presence of the schematically drawn hyperbranched polyesters with carboxylic acid functional groups. Further details can be found in the Full Paper by Q. Meng, D. Chen, * L. Yue, J. Fang, H. Zhao, and L. Wang on page 474.
Impotence: Organic factors and management approach (1991)

Abstract The multifactorial aetiology of impotence makes its diagnosis often difficult. Hormonal and vascular factors predominate among the organic etiologies and they can usually be diagnosed with currently available techniques. Neurological causes for impotence are more difficult to determine. Impotence of a psychogenic aetiology remains a difficult diagnosis to reach since there are no biological markers to establish with certainty the presence of such factors. The management approach frequently requires a comprehensive effort in order to solve the various causes. Currently available techniques usually permit the successful penile rigidity for vaginal penetration. It must be understood, however, that a rigid penis represents only a partial solution to the problem. Psychological, social, and marital factors must be dealt with simultaneously in order to reach what can be considered successful therapy.
Palladium clusters in nanoporous carbon samples: Magnetic properties (2009)

The magnetic properties of nanoporous carbon samples were studied. The samples were prepared from silicon and boron carbides and contained palladium clusters incorporated into pores. Electron spin resonance (ESR) studies over a wide temperature range (3–100 K) showed that the palladium clusters have a significant effect on the electrical and magnetic characteristics of composite samples. In particular, the ESR spectrum of samples with palladium has a narrow line whose intensity varies with temperature following the Curie law, which indicates the formation of an ensemble of localized spins. Therefore, the hole conductivity of the carbon skeleton is partially compensated. The ESR spectra of C(SiC): Pd have a ferromagnetic resonance line, which suggests that some Pd clusters in pores are magnetically ordered. This line is absent in C(B4C)B: Pd samples. However, the small variation of the resonance frequencies with temperature indicates that the C(B4C): Pd samples also contain small magnetic inclusions.
Direct Analysis of Mixtures by Mass Spectrometry (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect Analysis of Mixtures by Mass SpectrometryR. W. Kondrat and R. G. CooksCite this: Anal. Chem. 1978, 50, 1, 81A–92APublication Date (Print):January 1, 1978Publication History Published online31 May 2012Published inissue 1 January 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50023a781https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50023a781research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views281Altmetric-Citations134LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fluorescence lidar imaging of historical monuments: erratum (2002)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Petter Weibring, Thomas Johansson, Hans Edner, Sune Svanberg, Barbro Sundnér, Valentina Raimondi, Giovanna Cecchi, and Luca Pantani, "Fluorescence lidar imaging of historical monuments: erratum," Appl. Opt. 41, 434-436 (2002) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Assessment of Transcriptional Activity of Borrelia burgdorferi and Host Cytokine Genes During Early and Late Infection in a Mouse Model (2013)

Differential gene expression by Borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes during mammalian infection facilitates their dissemination as well as immune evasion. Modulation of gene transcription in response to host immunity has been documented with the outer surface protein C, but the influence of transcription of other genes is largely unknown. A low-density array (LDA) was developed to study transcriptional activity of 43 B. burgdorferi genes and 19 host genes that may be involved in various host-agent interactions. Gene transcription in heart, joint, and muscle tissue was compared in immunocompetent C3H and immunodeficient C3H-scid mice during early (3 weeks) and late (2 months) B. burgdorferi infection. Among all tissue types, levels of relative transcription of over 80% of B. burgdorferi genes tested were one- to nine-fold less in C3H mice compared to C3H-scid mice. At the later time point, all genes were transcribed in C3H-scid mice, whereas transcription of 16 genes out of 43 tested was not detected in analyzed tissues of C3H mice. Our data suggest that during infection of immunocompetent mice, a majority of B. burgdorferi genes tested are downregulated in response to acquired host immunity. LDA revealed variable patterns of host gene expression in different tissues and at different intervals in infected mice. Higher levels of relative expression for IL-10 during both early and late infection were detected in heart base, and it was unchanged in the tibiotarsal joint. Comparative analysis of B. burgdorferi and host genes transcriptional activity revealed that increased flaB mRNA during early infection was followed by increases of CCL7, CCL8, interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in all assessed tissue types. LDA represents a valuable approach for sensitive and quantitative gene transcription profiling and for understanding Lyme borreliosis.
Predicting Order Lead Time for Just in Time production system using various Machine Learning Algorithms: A Case Study (2019)

Predicting lead time can have some serious consequences on Supply Chain Management (SCM) system including reduction in inventory and associated costs, increase in throughput and yield. The aim of this research paper is to predict the order lead time in a Just in Time (JIT) manufacturing environment. An attempt has been made to predict the order lead time or delivery time for a restaurant using several features. Different supervised state-of-the-art regression machine learning algorithms were used and their accuracies were compared on the given dataset.
Analytical guarantees on numerical precision of deep neural networks (2017)

The acclaimed successes of neural networks often overshadow their tremendous complexity. We focus on numerical precision - A key parameter defining the complexity of neural networks. First, we present theoretical bounds on the accuracy in presence of limited precision. Interestingly, these bounds can be computed via the back-propagation algorithm. Hence, by combining our theoretical analysis and the backpropagation algorithm, we are able to readily determine the minimum precision needed to preserve accuracy without having to resort to timeconsuming fixed-point simulations. Wc provide numerical evidcncc showing how our approach allows us to maintain high accuracy but with lower complexity than state-of-the-art binary networks.
A Hard Way to the Nucleus (2004)

As a member of the Retrovirus family, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a causative agent of AIDS, replicates by integrating its genome into the host cell's nuclear DNA. However, in contrast to most retroviruses that depend on mitotic dissolution of the nuclear envelope to gain access to the host cell's genome, the HIV pre-integration complex can enter the nucleus of the target cell during the interphase. Such capacity greatly enhances HIV replication and allows the virus to productively infect terminally differentiated nonproliferating cells, such as macrophages. Infection of macrophages is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of diseases caused by HIV-1 and other lentiviruses. The mechanisms responsible for this unusual feature of HIV have enticed researchers since the early 90s, when the first characterization of the HIV-1 pre-integration complex was reported. Several viral factors, including matrix protein, integrase, viral protein R, and central DNA flap, have been proposed as regulators of HIV-1 nuclear import, only to be later shown as nonessential for this process. As a result, after more than a decade of intense research, there is still no consensus on which HIV-1 and cellular proteins control this critical step in HIV-1 replication. In this review, we will discuss recent advances and suggest possible solutions to the controversial issue of HIV-1 nuclear import.
Muscle-Specific Promoters May Be Necessary for Adeno-Associated Virus-Mediated Gene Transfer in the Treatment of Muscular Dystrophies (2001)

Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors allow efficient gene transfer and expression in the muscle; therefore, rAAVs represent a potential gene therapy vector for muscular dystrophies. For further investigations, we used a mouse muscular dystrophy model (gsg(-/-) mice) gamma-sarcoglycan, a subunit of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex, is missing. gsg(-/-) mice develop progressive dystrophy representative of a severe human phenotype disease. We previously showed high levels and stable expression of gamma-sarcoglycan in myofibers after direct muscle injection into gsg(-/-) mice of a recombinant AAV vector (AAV.dMCK.gSG) carrying the gamma-sarcoglycan cDNA driven by a muscle-specific promoter (truncated version of muscle creatine kinase). Here, we show that when gamma-sarcoglycan expression is driven by the ubiquitous cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter (AAV.CMV.gSG), lower levels of transgene expression are observed and are associated with a humoral response to gamma-sarcoglycan. When using an rAAV vector, expressing the highly immunogenic product gamma-galactosidase under the CMV promoter (AAV.CMV.LacZ), we measured a strong cellular and humoral immune response to the transgene after intramuscular injection into gsg(-/-) mice. This study suggests that restriction of transgene expression to the muscle is an important criterion for the treatment of muscular dystrophies and will aid in the design of protocols for gene therapy.
Multi-timescale microscopic theory for radiation degradation of electronic and optoelectronic devices (2014)

A multi-timescale hybrid model is proposed to study microscopically the degraded performance of electronic devices, covering three individual stages of radiation effects studies, including ultrafast displacement cascade, intermediate defect stabilization and cluster formation, as well as slow defect reaction and migration. Realistic interatomic potentials are employed in molecular-dynamics calculations for the first two stages up to 100\,ns as well as for the system composed of layers with thickness of hundreds times of lattice constant. These quasi-steady-state results for individual layers are input into a rate-diffusion theory as initial conditions to calculate the steady-state distribution of point defects in a mesoscopic-scale layered-structure system, including planar biased dislocation loops and spherical neutral voids, on a much longer time scale. Assisted by the density-functional theory for specifying electronic properties of point defects, the resulting spatial distributions of these defects and clusters are taken into account in studying the degradation of electronic and optoelectronic devices, e.g., carrier momentum-relaxation time, defect-mediated non-radiative recombination, defected-assisted tunneling of electrons and defect or charged-defect Raman scattering as well. Such theoretical studies are expected to be crucial in fully understanding the physical mechanism for identifying defect species, performance degradations in field-effect transistors, photodetectors, light-emitting diodes and solar cells, and in the development of effective mitigation methods during their microscopic structure design stages.
Effects of spontaneous triggering of respiratory cycles during mechanical ventilation (MV) on respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) (2010)

Güldner, A.; Beda, A.; Franke, S.; Simpson, D. M.; Gama de Abreu, M. Author Information
Benchmark of Different Electromagnetic Codes for the High Frequency Calculation (2009)

In this paper, we present benchmarking results for highclass 3D electromagnetic (EM) codes in designing RF cavities today. These codes include Omega3P [1], VORPAL [2], CST Microwave Studio [3], Ansoft HFSS [4], and ANSYS [5]. Two spherical cavities are selected as the benchmark models. We have compared not only the accuracy of resonant frequencies, but also that of surface EM fields, which are critical for superconducting RF cavities. By removing degenerated modes, we calculate all the resonant modes up to 10 GHz with similar mesh densities, so that the geometry approximation and field interpolation error related to the wavelength can be observed.
A Partially Modified Retro-Inverso Pseudopeptide Modulates the Cytokine Profile of CTL Specific for an Influenza Virus Epitope (1998)

There is considerable evidence that peptides corresponding to MHC class I-restricted epitopes can be used as immunogens or immunomodulators. Pseudopeptides containing isosteric replacements of the amide bond provide more stable analogues, which may even have enhanced biologic activity. But there have been very few studies on the use of pseudopeptides to initiate or modulate the cellular immune response. This study describes the immunogenicity of a partially modified retro-inverso pseudopeptide of an influenza virus epitope and shows that this pseudopeptide modulates the cytokine profile expressed by CD8+ CTL generated from primed precursors. Moreover, the pseudopeptide is much more efficient at low concentration than the wild-type epitope to stimulate IFN-gamma secretion by CD8+ T effector cells. These results are analyzed with reference to changes in the conformation of the MHC molecule/peptide complex deduced from molecular modeling. The findings support the idea that partially modified retro-inverso analogues can be used as altered peptide ligands to enhance the stimulation of natural epitope-specific CTL and to modify their functional properties. Hence, pseudopeptide ligands might be promising tools for use in immunotherapy.
A new synthesis of purine arabinosides by a combination of chemical and enzymatic reaction. (1979)

The synthesis of hypoxanthine, 2-chlorohypoxanthine, and 2-methylhypoxanthine arabinoside by an enzymatic transarabinosylation and their chemical conversion to biologically interesting purine arabinosides are described. Some of the synthesized compounds were tested for the inhibition of DNA synthesis in cultured tumor cells.
Direct diode-pumped laser operation of Cr^3+- doped LiInGeO_4 crystals (2007)

Quasi-continuous wave (cw) laser action has been demonstrated by direct diode pumping of a new extremely broadband Cr(3+)-doped crystal. In contrast to previous works, where large-frame pump lasers have been employed, we have shown that low-power direct diode pumping of LiInGeO(4) is feasible, opening up the way for realizing compact and efficient laser sources for telecommunication applications.
Elevated Levels of RhoA in the Optic Nerve Head of Human Eyes With Glaucoma (2012)

Elevated levels of RhoA in the ONH of glaucomatous eyes suggest possible involvement of RhoA in the pathophysiology of glaucoma.
HINT: High-quality protein interactomes and their applications in understanding human disease (2012)

HINT is of significant interest to researchers in all fields of biology as it addresses the ubiquitous need of having a repository of high-quality protein-protein interactions. These datasets can be utilized to generate specific hypotheses about specific proteins and/or pathways, as well as analyzing global properties of cellular networks. HINT will be regularly updated and all versions will be tracked.
Modelling of grain boundary liquation in Al–Zn–Mg weldments (1999)

The present investigation is concerned with the modelling of grain boundary liquation (i.e. local melting) within the subsolidus region of the heat affected zone (HAZ) during welding of Al–Zn–Mg alloys. As a starting point, the low melting grain boundary constit uents in two commercial extrusions have been identified and documented by means of optical and transmission electron microscopy. Based on a closer examination of the kinetics of particle dissolution during continuous heating, a mathematical formulation of the underlying diffusion problem is presented. The results from the numerical simulations show that the occurrence of local melting depends on the interplay between two main variables, i.e. the heating rate and the initial size of the grain boundary precipitates. In an actual welding situation, these variables are interrelated to the applied heat input and the thermal history of the base material, respectively.