gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Schematic presentation of generation of in-frame deletion mutant of gene A (2011)

<b>Copyright information:</b>Taken from "Knock-out of gene, which encodes the member of a conserved hypothetical bacterial protein family COG2268, results in alteration of iron metabolism, increased spontaneous mutation and hydrogen peroxide sensitivity in MR-1"BMC Genomics 2006;7():76-76.Published online 6 Apr 2006PMCID:PMC1468410.Copyright © 2006 Gao et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. Generation of a deletion construct using asymmetric crossover PCR; B. Integration of the suicide plasmid during a single crossover event; C. Generation of in-frame deletion during the excision of the suicide plasmid. More detail about this construction process was described under "methods".
Characterization of Ternary NiTiPd High-Temperature Shape-Memory Alloys under Load-Biased Thermal Cycling (2010)

While NiTiPd alloys have been extensively studied for proposed use in high-temperature shape-memory applications, little is known about the shape-memory response of these materials under stress. Consequently, the isobaric thermal cyclic responses of five (Ni,Pd)49.5Ti50.5 alloys with constant stoichiometry and Pd contents ranging from 15 to 46 at. pct were investigated. From these tests, transformation temperatures, transformation strain (which is proportional to work output), and unrecovered strain per cycle (a measure of dimensional instability) were determined as a function of stress for each alloy. It was found that increasing the Pd content over this range resulted in a linear increase in transformation temperature, as expected. At a given stress level, work output decreased while the amount of unrecovered strain produced during each load-biased thermal cycle increased with increasing Pd content, during the initial thermal cycles. However, continued thermal cycling at constant stress resulted in a saturation of the work output and nearly eliminated further unrecovered strain under certain conditions, resulting in stable behavior amenable to many actuator applications.
vsearch: VSEARCH 1.4.4 (2015)

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Influenza Vaccination and Reduction in Hospitalizations for Cardiac Disease and Stroke among the Elderly (2003)

In the elderly, vaccination against influenza is associated with reductions in the risk of hospitalization for heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and pneumonia or influenza as well as the risk of death from all causes during influenza seasons. These findings highlight the benefits of vaccination and support efforts to increase the rates of vaccination among the elderly.
Cooled Needle Catheter Ablation Creates Deeper and Wider Lesions Than Irrigated Tip Catheter Ablation (2005)

Cooled intramural needle ablation creates lesions that are significantly deeper and wider than endocardial RF ablation using an irrigated tip catheter in sheep hearts. This technology may be useful in treating ventricular tachycardia resistant to conventional ablation techniques.
Making network interfaces less peripheral (1998)

A barrier to delivering improvements in network bandwidth and latency to users is the network interface (NI), which connects a network to the host computer that runs the network software. An NI includes hardware that exposes an internal interface-such as device registers-to a host processor. A key problem with most current NIs is that their internal interface is similar to that of a disk's interface. Because of such limitations, current NIs will not be adequate for use with newer, high-performance networks and host computers. High-performance local area networks have advanced so far that some view them as a new class of networks called system area networks (SANs). Emerging SANs deliver bandwidths of 10 Gbps or more and latencies of tens of nanoseconds-two to four orders of magnitude better than that delivered by most current LANs. New hosts demand much higher performance. If NIs do not adapt to these changes they will become a barrier to improving network performance. To solve this problem, future NIs should appear to their hosts more like memory than disk interfaces. The authors argue that treating NI accesses like memory accesses is justified by the importance of network performance to future computers.
Multiple chemical forms of hepatitis B surface antigen produced in yeast. (1985)

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) has been extracted from yeast cells that produce HBsAg. These cells contain the gene for surface antigen carried on a plasmid that replicates in the cells. Analysis of the yeast-derived HBsAg by sucrose gradient centrifugation and by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis shows that the antigen that is initially released from yeast cells is a high molecular weight aggregate of the fundamental Mr 25,000 subunit. Unlike HBsAg derived from human plasma, the yeast antigen is held together by noncovalent interactions and can be dissociated in 2% NaDodSO4 without the use of reducing agents. During in vitro purification of the yeast antigen, some disulfide bonds form spontaneously between the antigen subunits, resulting in a particle composed of a mixture of monomers and disulfide-bonded dimers. Treatment with 3 M thiocyanate converts the 20-nm particles into a fully disulfide-bonded form that is not disrupted in NaDodSO4 unless a reducing agent is added. This disulfide-bonded particle resembles the naturally occurring, plasma-derived surface antigen particle, and the in vitro formed particle has been used to prepare a vaccine for humans against hepatitis B virus infection.
Immunolocalization of PCH2 in wild type Arabidopsis. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;(A-D)&lt;/b&gt; Dual localization of ASY1 (green) and PCH2 (red) on chromosome spread preparations from wild type PMCs at G2 &lt;b&gt;(A)&lt;/b&gt; and leptotene &lt;b&gt;(B)&lt;/b&gt;. Panels (&lt;b&gt;C)&lt;/b&gt; and (&lt;b&gt;D)&lt;/b&gt; show magnified sections of &lt;b&gt;(A)&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;(B)&lt;/b&gt; respectively. &lt;b&gt;(E-I,K)&lt;/b&gt; Immunolocalization of ASY1 (green) and PCH2 (red) and merge &lt;b&gt;(I,K)&lt;/b&gt; in wild type at mid-prophase I. Panels &lt;b&gt;G, H&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;K&lt;/b&gt; show magnified sections of axes from images &lt;b&gt;E, F&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;I&lt;/b&gt; respectively. &lt;b&gt;(J,L-P)&lt;/b&gt; Immunolocalization of ZYP1 (green) and PCH2 (red) and merge &lt;b&gt;(N,P)&lt;/b&gt; in a wild type nucleus at mid-prophase I. Panels &lt;b&gt;L, O&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;P&lt;/b&gt; represent magnified sections of axes from &lt;b&gt;J, M&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;N&lt;/b&gt; respectively. DNA is stained with DAPI. Bar = 10 cm.&lt;/p&gt;
Resveratrol and Omega-3 Fatty Acid: Its Implications in Cardiovascular Diseases (2015)

The present review aims at summarizing the major therapeutic roles of resveratrol and omega-3 fatty acids (O3FAs) along with their related pathways. This article reviews some of the key studies involving the health benefits of resveratrol and O3FAs. Oxidative stress has been considered as one of the most important pathophysiological factors associated with various cardiovascular disease conditions. Resveratrol, with the potent antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties, has been proven to be a significantly protective compound in restoring the normal cardiac health. A plethora of research also demonstrated the reduction of the risk of coronary heart disease, hypertension, and stroke, and their complications by O3FAs derived from fish and fish oils. This review describes the potential cardioprotective role of resveratrol and O3FAs in ameliorating the endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Viral Plasmids in Mammalian Cells (2014)

Like bacteria and yeast, mammalian cells can harbor plasmids. These double-stranded circular DNA plasmids or episomes are the genomes of DNA viruses. The genomes of Epstein-Barr virus, the related Kaposi's sarcoma-associated (virus human herpesvirus 8), and papillomavirus can persist indefinitely in latently infected cells due to their ability to replicate and stably segregate during cell division, and this chapter focuses on these viruses. Efficient replication from the dyad symmetry (DS) element requires all four Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA)1-binding sites as well as the nonamer repeats that flank the EBNA1 sites. EBNA1 is the only viral protein required to replicate and maintain oriP plasmids and EBV episomes and does so through interactions with the 18-bp palindromic sequences present in the family of repeats (FR) and DS elements of oriP. Replication from oriP requires EBNA1 binding to the DS element, but this interaction alone does not activate the origin, as EBNA1 is bound to the DS throughout most of the cell cycle. The transient replication of bovine papillomavirus (BPV) genomes is dependent on the viral E1 and E2 proteins, and no other viral proteins are required. On the basis of this finding, a mouse cell line was developed that stably expressed E1 and E2 and was used to map the cis-acting requirements for BPV plasmid replication. The latent genomes of several different DNA viruses are stably maintained in mammalian cells as low-copy-number plasmids.
Genetic variation of intestinal fatty acid-binding protein associated with variation in body mass in aboriginal Canadians. (1996)

We hypothesized that genomic variation affecting the primary amino acid sequence of the intestinal fatty acid-binding protein would be related to variation in body mass index and associated clinical phenotypes in aboriginal Canadians. We studied 507 adult native Canadians from an isolated community in Northern Ontario. We found that the frequency of the T54 variant of the intestinal fatty acid-binding protein gene was 0.14 in this sample. The presence of this variant was associated with significant increases in body mass index, percent body fat, and fasting plasma triglyceride concentration (P = 0.012, 0.019, and 0.012, respectively). However, the variant was not associated with the presence of diabetes mellitus. These findings suggest that the T54 variant of the intestinal fatty acid-binding protein is associated with differences in fat metabolism in this aboriginal population.
A CASE OF PHYLLODES TUMOR IN A JUVENILE WHICH PRESENTED DIFFICULTY IN DIFFERENTIATION FROM GIANT FIBROADENOMA (1997)

We experienced a case of phyllodes tumor in a juvenile which presented difficulty in differentiation from giant fibroadenoma. A 14-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of a rapidly enlarging tumor of the left breast. A 5.5×5.5cm elastic soft and well defined tumor was palpated in the left breast. The tumor was diagnosed as phyllodes tumor because of multiple small cysts in the solid mass revealed by ultrasonography (US). It was difficult to distinguish phyllodes tumor from fibroadenoma even with histological study of surgical specimens. A comparison between phyllodes tumor in this patient and giant fibroadenoma in another juvenile patient experienced in the same period was made. There was no difference in histological finding, pathological examination and estrogen receptor (ER) expression between them. A status of cyst formation was more remarkable in this case than the other that was an only different point. We think that the clonality analysis should be applied for the discrimination between phyllodes tumor and giant fibroadenoma.
Application ofIn VivoConfocal Microscopy to the Understanding of Surfactant-Induced Ocular Irritation*Oryzias latipes (1996)

The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of in vivo confocal microscopy (CM) to provide noninvasively derived histopathologic correlates of surfactant-induced eye irritation from which specific pathologic mechanisms can be identified and later evaluated in alternative in vitro models. Rats and rabbits, divided into groups of 5, received 10 microliters of an anionic or cationic surfactant in one eye with the other eye used as a control. At specified times, eyes were examined and scored for ocular irritancy using a penlight and slit-lamp. Subsequently, corneas were evaluated by in vivo CM to evaluate epithelial layer thickness and surface epithelial cell area, corneal thickness, depth of necrosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and endothelial injury. At 3 hr, the anionic surfactant produced slight irritation with peak scores of 12.4 and 8.0 out of a possible 110 in the rats and rabbits, respectively. In vivo CM revealed changes limited to the corneal epithelium that decreased in thickness to 78% in rats and 81% in rabbits at 3 hr. This decrease in the thickness correlated with a significant decrease in surface epithelial cell area from 2,061 +/- 395 microns2 to 567 +/- 330 microns2 in the rats and 1,523 +/- 185 microns2 to 934 +/- 71 microns2 in the rabbits (p < 0.005 and 0.005, respectively). The cationic surfactant produced severe irritation in both the rats and rabbits with peak scores of 85.4 and 80.2 occurring at day 2, respectively. In vivo CM in the rats showed complete loss of corneal epithelium, lysis of keratocytes, and loss of corneal endothelium. In the rabbits, injury appeared limited to the anterior cornea with complete loss of epithelium and loss of keratocytes extending to 52% of the corneal thickness. These findings establish the application of noninvasive, in vivo CM to qualitatively and quantitatively characterize the pathobiology of ocular irritation in situ. This information will be important in the development and evaluation of mechanistically based in vitro alternatives for ocular irritancy testing.
A software architecture for mixed signal functional testing (2002)

Mixed signal functional board test has always posed a challenge for traditional ATE. The types of measurements required and the instrumentation needed to make these measurements vary widely. VXI-based solutions tend to provide a hardware solution, leaving the software as an exercise for the test engineer. A general purpose software environment that provides an application framework is also required. This paper describes the architecture of such a framework.
The effect of tobacco cessation on weight gain, obesity, and diabetes risk (2016)

Despite the health benefits of quitting tobacco, post-cessation weight gain and new onset obesity and diabetes are a significant concern. Promising interventions may need to be more widely applied to reduce the consequences of both obesity and tobacco use.
The Use of Tense and Mood in the Dialogues of 1930s French Films (2002)

EnglishThe existence of early sound recordings enables us to study aspects of language change in French over the 20th century in a way that was not possible in earlier centuries. In this analysis, I investigate the use of tense and mood in a corpus of 1930's films. I am not treating my film corpus as authentic data in which I am looking to describe late 1930's French. Language in films is ``staged'' by 1930's script-writers and actors, most of whom come from upper-class background. I will study whether the script-writers and actors of the corpus regarded the use of tenses as a way of conveying social-group differences. I will adopt a quantitative approach which will attempt to discover if there are differences between the upper and lower groups in my corpus, and which produces more written-text-like speech. catalaL'existencia de gravacions ens permet estudiar aspectes del canvi linguistic en la llengua francesa durant el segle XX d'una manera que no fou possible en els segles anteriors. En aquesta analisi s'estudia l'us que es fa del temps i del mode en un corpus de pel·licules dels anys 30. Aquest corpus no es pot considerar util per descriure la llengua francesa d'aquests anys, ja que el llenguatge de les pel·licules es una elaboracio dels guionistes i dels actors, la majoria dels quals provenen de la classe alta. S'estudiara si aquest col·lectiu considerava l'us del temps com a diferenciador entre grups socials. S'ha adoptat un enfocament de tipus quantitatiu i s'ha intentat descobrir si hi ha diferencies entre els grups de nivell alt i de nivell baix i si el tipus de discurs parlat es gaire semblant a l'escrit.
ChemInform Abstract: Short and Stereoselective Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Ibogamine via a Vinylsulfone Intermediate. Part 4. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Physicochemical study of the nanodiamond surface (2011)

Suspensions of five types of ultrafine diamond of a detonation synthesis in distilled water and 0.9 mol/l NaCl solution were found to have pHs in the range of 3–6, which results from the intrinsic acidity of their surfaces. The possibility of quantitatively determining the protogenic groups of a surface is found using the pH-potentiometric method. The data on the kinetics of the varying pH of suspensions in water and 0.9 mol/l NaCl solution and the data on the curves of the alkali titration of the suspensions of nanodiamond in the indicated systems make it possible to infer the presence of one or two types of acid groups on the surface of a diamond. The constants of dissociation (pK 1) of these groups on the assumption of their single-base nature are estimated. From 1 × 10−3−5 × 10−2 mol/l chloride solutions of H[AuCl4] and RhCl3 on the surface of diamond, gold(III) and rhodium(III) are found to be adsorbed; the adsorption of methylene blue from its 2.5 × 10−4−5 × 10−4 mol/l solutions reaches more than 90% (upon adsorption from 5 ml of the initial solution by a 0.05-g nanodiamond).
The Physiology of the Imported Fire Ants: Basic Gaps in Our Understanding (2019)

Colony size and starvation can affect food flow, and starvation can result in cannibalism of the brood. Food flow in an imported fire ant colony is complex, but progress has been made in unravelling some of it. The ability of the imported fire ant to store food is unclear. While considerable progress has been made in regard to the physiology of the imported fire ant, there is much yet to be done. The chapter focuses on problems concerning the production of sexuals, mating activities, colony founding, and food flow because of their importance to our understanding of the imported fire ant and ultimate management of this insect. E. O. Wilson et al. reported that the fire ant has distinct foraging territories while J. W. Sum merlin et al. found food flow between field colonies in both Florida and Texas.
Ocular tissue changes associated with anterior segment opacity in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L) eye (2019)

Lumpfish use their vision to hunt prey or, in the case of aquaculture, to see and eat pelleted diets. A common anterior ocular opacity abnormality designated in the literature as "cataract" described in both farmed and wild lumpfish has not yet been characterized in detail at the pathobiological level. We describe here lens tissue changes associated with cataract in cultured and domesticated lumpfish. Methodology included gross observations, ophthalmoscopy and histology. Young adult cultured animals approaching 400 days post-hatch presented a range of anterior segment opacities associated with lenticular abnormalities observable at a histological level. Wild aged domesticated animals also displayed cataracts characterized mainly by abnormalities of the lens observed by both ophthalmoscopy and histology. Dysplastic lesions of the lens in one aged domesticated lumpfish were accompanied with both retinal and optic nerve degeneration. These novel naturally occurring anatomical changes in lumpfish present both commonalities and unique features associated with cataract in young adult cultured animals versus aged domesticated broodstock animals.
False-Positive Rapid Plasma Reagin Tests in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Relationship to Anti-Cardiolipin Antibody and Serum Immunoglobulin Levels (1994)

The incidence of biologic false-positive rapid plasma reagin (RPR) tests may be increased in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; however, injecting drug use has not been excluded as the cause. Review of 3371 periodic syphilis serology results from 1077 HIV-seropositive patients in the United States Air Force HIV Natural History Study between January 1986 and June 1992 revealed a cumulative biologic false-positive RPR rate of 1%. Most (6/9) were transient low-titer results associated with a recent acute infectious process. False-positive RPR tests did not appear to correlate with anticardiolipin antibody levels or serum IgG or IgA levels, which are increased in HIV infection. Although not statistically significant, there was a trend toward higher IgM levels in patients with biologic false-positive tests. Thus, the incidence of false-positive RPR in an HIV-infected population with a low risk of injecting drug use is similar to that in the general population, and the mechanism may correlate with elevated serum IgM levels.
Supplementary Figure 1 from T-cell Landscape in a Primary Melanoma Predicts the Survival of Patients with Metastatic Disease after Their Treatment with Dendritic Cell Vaccines (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Multispectral imaging and melanin unmixing using automated quantitative analysis of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes by Vectra/InForm platform.&lt;/p&gt;
Molecular heterogeneity in mucopolysaccharidosis IVA in Australia and Northern Ireland: Nine novel mutations including T312S, a common allele that confers a mild phenotype (1998)

Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA (MPS IVA) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by a genetic defect in N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS). Previous studies of patients from a British–Irish population showed that the I113F mutation is the most common single mutation among MPS IVA patients and produces a severe clinical phenotype. We studied mutations in the GALNS gene from 23 additional MPS IVA patients (15 from Australia, 8 from Northern Ireland), with various clinical phenotypes (severe, 16 cases; intermediate, 4 cases; mild, 3 cases). We found two common mutations that together accounted for 32% of the 44 unrelated alleles in these patients. One is the T312S mutation, a novel mutation found exclusively in milder patients. The other is the previously described I113F that produces a severe phenotype. The I113F and T312S mutations accounted for 8 (18%) and 6 (14%) of 44 unrelated alleles, respectively. The relatively high residual GALNS activity seen when the T312S mutant cDNA is overexpressed in mutant cells provides an explanation for the mild phenotype in patients with this mutation. The distribution and relative frequencies of the I113F and T312S mutations in Australia corresponded to those observed in Northern Ireland and are unique to these two populations, suggesting that both mutations were probably introduced to Australia by Irish migrants during the 19th century. Haplotype analysis using 6 RFLPs provides additional data that the I113F mutation originated from a common ancestor. The other 9 novel mutations identified in these 23 patients were each limited to a single family. These data provide further evidence for extensive allelic heterogeneity in MPS IVA in British–Irish patients and provide evidence for their transmission to Australia by British–Irish migrants. Hum Mutat 11:202–208, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Inversion channel vertical cavity double heterostructureoptoelectronic switch lasers (1995)

Inversion channel technology provides a straightforward way to integrate lasers with detectors and transistors. One inversion channel laser is the double heterostructure optoelectronic switch VCSEL which is reported here with a 2.1 mA threshold for a 10 µm diameter device. A deposited stack of SiO2/TiO2 was used with post-growth etching of the cavity. Excellent electrical switching parameters of Vsw = 13 V, Vh = 2.1 V and Ih = 0.5 mA were obtained, making the device suitable for the digital optoelectronic sensing of small optical inputs.