gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Plant-made pharmaceuticals]. (2003)

Antibodies have long been recognized for their diagnostic and therapeutic potential. The rapidly increasing number of monoclonal antibodies approved for immunotherapy have paved the way to an even greater demand for antibody molecules. In order to satisfy this growing demand, alternative systems based on transgenic organisms are actively explored to increase the production capacity. In this paper, we will focus on transgenic plants as a promising large scale production and processing system.
The crystal structure of an RNA oligomer incorporating tandem adenosine- inosine mismatches (1997)

The X-ray crystallographic structure of the RNA duplex [r(CGCAIGCG)]2 has been refined to 2.5 A. It shows a symmetric internal loop of two non-Watson-Crick base pairs which form in the middle of the duplex. The tandem A-I/I-A pairs are related by a crystallographic two-fold axis. Both A(anti)-I(anti) mismatches are in a head-to-head conformation forming hydrogen bonds using the Watson-Crick positions. The octamer duplexes stack above one another in the cell forming a pseudo-infinite helix throughout the crystal. A hydrated calcium ion bridges between the 3'-terminal of one molecule and the backbone of another. The tandem A-I mismatches are incorporated with only minor distortion to the backbone. This is in contrast to the large helical perturbations often produced by sheared G-A pairs in RNA oligonucleotides.
58. The chemistry of carcinogenic nitrogen compounds. Part X. The pfitzinger reaction in the synthesis of 1 : 2-benzacridines (1952)

Ng. Ph. Buu-Hoï, Ng. Hoán and Ng. D. Xuong, J. Chem. Soc., 1952, 279 DOI: 10.1039/JR9520000279
Quality control on the site (1980)

Quality standards in site construction often leave much to be desired. To discover more about the factors which in practice affect the standards achieved, the UK Building Research Establishment made a special study of 27 sites. It revealed how personalities are sometimes more important than apparent functions.
Quantitative data on peroxidatic markers for electron microscopy. With a note on actin identification in Paramecium cells. (1981)

Several important points of heme-peptide cytochemistry were quantitatively analyzed, with particular regard to their use in electron microscopic immunocytochemistry. A simple procedure is presented for the preparation of heme-octapeptide (H-8-P) microperoxidase. H-8-P, hemenonapeptide (H-9-P), and various horseradish peroxidase (HRP) isoenzymes were used for coupling with immunoglobulin (Ig)G or the papain-cleavage fragments from IgG (Fab) molecules. Ultracentrifugation and spectrophotometric analyses revealed the following characteristics of the conjugates: a) They are of a uniform size class; b) their diameters were calculated, and ranged from 5.6 (Fab-H-8-P; H-9-P) to 10.5 (IgG-HRP); c) the persistence of antigen binding capacity was ascertained; d) the deactivation of the marker peroxidase activity due to coupling was as low as 20-30%; e) optimal conditions for use of the electron microscopic (EM) with 3,3'-diaminobenzidine media were elaborated (with a pH optima somewhat different from some standard methods in current use); and f) on the basis of the quantitative data presented, an optimal compromise (either in favor of higher peroxidase activity with HRP conjugates or of smaller size with microperoxidase-Fab conjugates) can be achieved. Finally, the identification of isolated purified actin and of actin in cortical microfilament bundles and ciliary basal bodies of Paramecium cells served as a test object for the usefulness of conjugation products and optimized assay conditions for EM immunocytochemistry.
A Base-catalysed Reaction of Arylidenemaiononitrile with 2,1-Benzisoxazoles (1985)

Quimlin-X-oxide derivatives were prepared in good yields by a triethylamiae-catalyaed reaction of arylidenmalononitrile with 2.1-benzisoxaeoles. 2.1-Benriacxawles readily undergo hetero ring cleavage with carbon nucleo-philesl, bases2, hydrazines2 and primary aromatic amfnes2.The heterocyclic ring system has a considerable diene character3**, although a substituent at
Advanced cryogenic solid hybrid rocket engine developments - Concept and test results (1998)

Abstract : ORBITEC has conducted considerable RD (2) solid hydrogen/gaseous oxygen; (3) solid methane/gaseous oxygen; and (4) solid methane-aluminum/gaseous oxygen. The primary focus of this paper is on solid oxygen/gaseous hydrogen. Work achieved to date includes: (1) a total of over 50 solid oxygen test firings; (2) establishment of regression rate data for the different propellant combinations, where the rates can be a factor of 20 to 40 times higher than conventional HTPB-based hybrids; (3) achievement of burn durations from 1 to 30 seconds; and (4) engine chamber pressures as high as 250 psi The potential applications include. research devices to test high-energy density matter (HEDM); hybrid rocket launch vehicle upper stages; or orbit transfer vehicles. During a current sponsored USAF Research Laboratory (RL, Edwards Air Force Base, CA) project, ORBITEC is to design, develop and test a larger, SOX/LH2 flight-type engine that will have throttling and O/F ratio control.
Molecular regulation of xenoreactivity (2007)

The α1,3-galactosyltransferase-deficient pig has advanced the field and becomes the platform on which further genetic modifications are built.
Unique patterns of brain metastasis produced by different human carcinomas in athymic nude mice (1989)

The purpose of this study was to develop an in vivo model to study the growth pattern and biological behavior of brain metastases produced by different human carcinomas. To do so, human tumor cells from 8 different carcinomas of the colon, breast, kidney and lung were injected into athymic nude mice either by a direct intracerebral route or into the internal carotid artery. All carcinoma cells invaded through the blood-brain barrier and produced progressively growing lesions in the brain parenchyma. Unique patterns of growth were discernible among the carcinomas. Human colon carcinomas produced multiple lesions that spread by extension. Lung carcinoma cells produced widespread lesions throughout the brain. A very high degree of vascularization was associated with lesions produced by renal-cell carcinoma. The influence of estrogen on the growth of estrogen-receptor-positive human breast carcinoma cells was well demonstrated in this model. We conclude that the athymic nude mouse can be a useful model for studies of the biology and perhaps therapy of brain metastases produced by human carcinoma cells.
Taking Sensors Out of Motors (1998)

This article discusses that advanced signal processors are replacing the feedback sensors that had been required for motor control in applications ranging from disk drives to appliance motors. The traditional method of closed-loop motor control has been to use one or more sensors to provide feedback. A growing number of applications, however, are now eliminating the sensor through one of several methods, such as back electromotive force (EMF) or inductance measurement. Sensorless motors are best suited for applications where speed control is needed, but precise position control is not critical. Sensorless motors are proving to be most appropriate for applications where the position of the rotor does not have to be pinpointed with great accuracy and all that is needed is speed and torque control. Prime candidates for sensorless motors are applications where open-loop scalar control had been used but better speed regulation and more torque at low speed are needed.
Abstract 1956: Age-associated Changes In Left Ventricular Contractility And Ventricular-vascular Stiffness In Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice (2007)

Objectives . To assess left ventricular contractile function and characteristics in the apolipoprotein E-deficient mouse model of severe atherosclerosis. Methods . We studied cardiac performance in 24- and 60-weeks-old ApoE−/− mice and age-matched wild type (WT) mice, using a miniature pressure-volume (PV) conductance catheter. Load-independent contractility was assessed using preload recruitable stroke work (PRSW) and preload-corrected dP/dt max (dP/dt max /V ed ). Results (Table ). The two genotypes exhibited comparable contractile parameters at 24 weeks. Contracility (PRSW and dP/dt max /V ed ) of WT mice at 60 weeks was lower than at 24 weeks, as was arterial (E a ) and left ventricular end-systolic (E es ) elastance. In 60-week-old ApoE−/− mice, E a and E es were less reduced than in WT. End-diastolic left ventricular stiffness (EDPVR) increased with age in ApoE−/− mice. This was accompanied by a higher heart to body weight ratio and a reduced end-diastolic volume (V ed ) indicating the presence of concentric hypertrophy in these mice. Load-independent contractility parameters decreased less in ApoE−/− than in WT, which can be explained by the left ventricular hypertrophy. Conclusions. Our findings indicate that contractility is impaired at old age. In old ApoE−/− mice, exhibiting extensive atherosclerosis, ventricular-vascular stiffness is higher than in WT, end-diastolic left ventricular stiffness is increased, and concentric left ventricular hypertrophy develops.
A unified framework for corotational flexible multibody system dynamics formulations. (2023)

Corotational formulations play an important role for flexible multibody dynamics systems, because they reflect the nature of many technical systems undergoing arbitrarily large rigid body motions but small deformations within each body. This paper defines flexible multibody dynamics and corotational formulations in this context. Furthermore, the «ingredients» and workflow of a flexible multibody dynamics simulation are briefly addressed for the reader less familiar with the topic. This part also points to major review papers and textbooks in the field, and embeds the unified formulations in the literature. The paper's main part presents state-of-the-art corotational flexible multibody dynamics formulations in a systematic and unified way. In this formulation part, the standard integral-based floating frame of reference formulation with modal reduction and with the conventionally employed lumped mass approximation is presented, and its drawbacks highlighted. Then, the so-called nodal-based, i.e., space-wise discretized, equations of motion are presented for several up-to-date nodal-displacement-based formulations within a unified framework. This approach clearly shows the equivalence of the presented formulations, and highlights the fact that the formulations differ only in the choice of degrees of freedom. Moreover, this contribution also intends to reduce the information and complexity within the scientific literature, since this unified framework allows the derivation of these formulations with significantly less effort..
Solitary Lung Metastasis From Primary Prostate Cancer With Normal Prostate Specific Antigen Level: a Case Report and Literature Review (2021)

Abstract Background : Pulmonary involvement from prostate cancer is a well-known condition, but solitary lung metastasis is rare, with its associated clinical characteristics not yet fully elucidated. Case presentation : A 77-year-old man, with a history of radical prostatectomy for primary prostatic carcinoma 14 years prior, presented to our institution with a low-grade fever. Upon consultation, biochemical recurrence was suspected due to a gradual increase in prostate-specific antigen level. Salvage radiation therapy was considered but not performed since there was no recurrent macroscopic tumor. Computed tomography showed a solitary nodule with spiculation located on the upper lobe of the left lung while positron emission tomography suggested malignancy without metastasis. Based on these findings, primary lung cancer was suspected and thoracoscopic left upper lobectomy with lymph node dissection was performed. Pathological diagnosis of the tumor was a solitary lung metastasis of prostate cancer. The postoperative recovery was uneventful. Conclusion : We report a case with normal prostate-specific antigen level, along with a literature review. According to previous case reports, there are some pitfalls leading misdiagnosis as a primary lung tumor. However, we consider that surgical resection is associated with increased diagnostic accuracy and long-term survival.
Scaphoid fractures (1996)

Scaphoid fractures are the most common carpal bone fractures and present physicians with many problems. The majority of such fractures (90%) will unite if properly treated; however a scaphoid fracture that goes on to nonunion affects a patient's working capacity for a long period of time. This paper reviews the pathophysiology of the injury and outlines the diagnostic and treatment options available.
Potassium Channel-Associated Bioelectricity of the Dermomyotome Determines Fin Patterning in Zebrafish (2020)

The roles of bioelectric signaling in developmental patterning remain largely unknown, although recent work has implicated bioelectric signals in cellular processes such as proliferation and migration. Here, we report a mutation in the inwardly rectifying potassium channel (<i>kir</i>) gene, <i>kcnj13/kir7.1</i>, that causes elongation of the fins in the zebrafish insertional mutant Dhi2059. A viral DNA insertion into the noncoding region of <i>kcnj13</i> results in transient activation and ectopic expression of <i>kcnj13</i> in the somite and dermomyotome, from which the fin ray progenitors originate. We made an allele-specific loss-of-function <i>kcnj13</i> mutant by CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) and showed that it could reverse the long-finned phenotype, but only when located on the same chromosome as the Dhi2059 viral insertion. Also, we showed that ectopic expression of <i>kcnj13</i> in the dermomyotome of transgenic zebrafish produces phenocopies of the Dhi2059 mutant in a gene dosage-sensitive manner. Finally, to determine whether this developmental function is specific to <i>kcnj13</i>, we ectopically expressed three additional potassium channel genes: <i>kcnj1b</i>, <i>kcnj10a</i>, and <i>kcnk9</i> We found that all induce the long-finned phenotype, indicating that this function is conserved among potassium channel genes. Taken together, our results suggest that dermomyotome bioelectricity is a new fin-patterning mechanism, and we propose a two-stage bioelectricity model for zebrafish fin patterning. This ion channel-regulated bioelectric developmental patterning mechanism may provide with us new insight into vertebrate morphological evolution and human congenital malformations.
Aplicación del sistema de economía de fichas en la modificación de la conducta de casos de niños deficientes mentales institucionalizados (1985)

SE ANALIZA EL COMPORTAMIENTO DE NINOS DEFICIENTES MENTALES INSTITUCIONALIZADOS EN EL AULA DE EDUCACION ESPECIAL TRAS SER SOMETIDOS A UN PROCESO DE MODIFICACION DE CONDUCTA POR MEDIO DE LA TECNICA DE ECONOMIA DE FICHAS. PARA EL ANALISIS DE LOS RESULTADOS Y DADAS LAS PECULIARIDADES DE LOS SUJETOS SE UTILIZA EL DISENO DE CASO UNICO (N = 1) Y SE COMPLETA EL ESTUDIO CON UNA EVALUACION CUALITATIVA DE LOS RESULTADOS.
Correction to: Recessive VARS2 mutation underlies a novel syndrome with epilepsy, mental retardation, short stature, growth hormone deficiency, and hypogonadism (2017)

After publication of the article [1], it has been brought to our attention that there is a nomenclature issue with this article. At the time of acceptance, the VARS2 mutation was considered equivalent to the VARS2 mutation. However, this has changed so that VARS now only refers to shorter mitochondrial sequence of valyl-tRNA synthesase containing 1093 amino acids. “Therefore, in the context of this article, every usage of “VARS2” should be replaced with “VARS” when referring to the causative variant”.
P0818IMPROVING MORTALITY TRENDS FOR PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN THE IRISH HEALTH SYSTEM: THE IRISH KIDNEY DISEASE SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM (IKDSS) (2020)

Abstract Background and Aims It is unclear whether targeted efforts for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has led to a sustained reduction in mortality rates. We examined annual trends in mortality for patients with and without CKD in the Irish health system. Method We utilised data from the Irish Kidney Disease Surveillance System (IKDSS) to explore 1-year mortality rates among patients with and without CKD in the health system. The principal data sources included; regional laboratory information systems; dialysis registers; and mortality data files from the national Central Statistics Office (CSO). We created multi-annual cohorts of patients, age &amp;gt; 18 years with one or more serum creatinine values who received healthcare within the Irish health system from 2008 to 2012. Serum creatinine values (first test in fiscal year) were used to calculate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and CKD was defined as GFR &amp;lt; 60ml/min/1.73m. Mortality data were available from the national mortality files with vital status up to December 31st 2013. Age standardised death rates were determined for the Irish population (IRE) and the European Standard Population (ESP) (standardised to the age distribution of a standard European population in 2012. Comparisons were conducted using segmented linear regression. Results We included 351,223 adult individuals between 2008 and 2012. Age standardised mortality rates (EU) were more than 2-fold higher for patients with CKD than without, P&amp;lt;0.001. From 2008-2012, age-standardised mortality rates decreased significantly in patients with CKD from a peak of 47.7 to 31 per 1000 person-years, P for trend=p=0.012, and from a peak of 17.8 to 15.5 per 1000 person-years in patients without CKD, P=0.006. Mortality rates for men were significantly higher than for women in patients with and without CKD, but the pattern of improvement was similar for both sexes. These patterns were replicated when comparisons were made using Irish standard age distribution. Conclusion Mortality rates among CKD patients have declined in the Irish population from 2008 to 2012 in both men and women. The processes and interventions that have led to these reductions need further exploration. Figure 1. (a) Crude and age standardised mortality rates (b-c) of those with and without CKD in the Irish Health System between 2008-2012 .
Confidence in fluorescence lifetime determinations: a ratio correction for the photomultiplier time response with wavelength (1976)

The photomultipliers used in single photon counting fluorescence lifetime Systems have a time response function which varies with wavelength. This variation results in a reduced confidence in the kinetic parameters obtained after deconvolution of the lamp intensity decay profile measured at the excitation wavelength from the sample emission decay profile measured at the emission wavelength. Moreover in the case of multi-component decays, inaccurate kinetic parameters are calculated because of this PMT variation. Using weighted residual plots, we demonstrate how one may make a satisfactory subjective appraisal of the adequacy of the deconvolution and the physical model of the decay processes. We have developed a ratio correction technique which accounts for the PMT time response variation with wavelength. This technique requires no apriori assumption of the nature of the PMT effect. Only when the data are corrected using the ratio correction technique can sufficient confidence in the accuracy of the singlet excited state parameters and the validity of the physical model be obtained.
The effects of visual feedback in therapeutic exergaming on motor task accuracy (2011)

Poor exercise technique and lack of adherence during home exercise are implicated in preventing a full recovery to peak physical function during rehabilitation. It is widely believed that therapeutic exergaming has the potential to solve these issues. However, the field is still young and there is little empirical evidence supporting, in particular, its effectiveness in helping the patient to maintain correct technique. In this paper we present preliminary results from a study to examine the effects that visual feedback during exergaming has on a person's accuracy in performing a motor task. Our study showed that interacting with a game incorporating simple visual feedback results in improved accuracy compared to performing exercise from memory or with limited feedback in the form of an instructional video demonstration. These results provide early evidence that exergaming can be used to enhance technique during exercise performance.
A Variable Step-Size NLMS Algorithm with Adaptive Coefficient Vector Reusing (2018)

In adaptive filtering, there is usually a trade-off between the speed of convergence and the accuracy of the learning procedure. Recently, variable step-size algorithms and coefficient vector reusing schemes were proposed to solve this trade-off. This paper presents a new adaptive filtering algorithm that combines both strategies to achieve fast convergence speed and low steady-state misadjustment simultaneously. In the proposed algorithm, the error signal is used to dynamically adjust the step-size and the reusing order in each iteration. Simulation results demonstrate better performance of the proposed algorithm when compared to previously proposed approaches.
Contribution of estradiol levels and hormonal contraceptives to sex differences within the fear network during fear conditioning and extinction (2015)

Our data further support the important contribution of estradiol levels in the activation of brain regions underlying fear learning and extinction. The results highlight the need to document gonadal hormonal levels, menstrual cycle phase as well as oral contraceptive use in women in order to avoid overlooking sex differences when investigating the neurobiology of emotional regulation.
Service configuration management (2005)

The deployment of services --- sets of running programs that provide some useful facility on a system or network --- is typically implemented through a manual, time-consuming and error-prone process. For instance, system administrators must deploy the necessary software components, edit configuration files, start or stop processes, and so on. This is often done in an ad hoc style with no reproducibility, violating proper configuration management practices. In this paper we show that build management, software deployment and service deployment can be integrated into a single formalism. We do this in the context of the Nix software deployment system, and show that its advantages --- co-existence of versions and variants, atomic upgrades and rollbacks, and component closure --- extend naturally to service deployment. The approach also elegantly extends to distributed services. In addition, we show that the Nix expression language can simplify the implementation of crosscutting variation points in services.