gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On-line auto tuning of PID controllers based on the cross-correlation technique (1991)

The development of an online version of an autotuning algorithm for proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers based on the cross-correlation technique is described. The autotuner causes only minor perturbation on the normal operation of the process, needs little prior information, and is robust to noise. The design rules for automatic selection of the length and bit interval of the pseudorandom binary-sequence (PRBS) probing signal used by this autotuner are also discussed. The accuracy and performance of this autotuning method have been substantiated by extensive simulations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
INTERPLAY OF LIPID DROPLETS AND AUTOPHAGY REGULATES GLIOBLASTOMA SURVIVAL (2014)

BACKGROUND: (blind field). METHODS: Live cell and time-lapse imaging, electronic and fluorescence microscopy, lipid analytic assay, nuclear magnetic resonance, western blotting, cell proliferation and cell death assay are performed to investigate lipid droplets (LDs) function in GBM. RESULTS: By analysis of brain tissues from GBM patients and xenografts via electronic microscopy and fluorescence imaging, our data firstly show that lipid droplets (LDs), special organelles to store excessive cholesteryl esters (CE) and triglycerides (TG), are largely enriched in tumor tissues but not detectable in normal brain tissues. Intriguingly, the role of LDs and how they are metabolized in cancer cells are completely unknown. We then show that GBM cells containing higher LD numbers are less sensitive to the treatments aiming to reduce cellular cholesterol levels. Furthermore, we find that removing cholesterol from cellular media, increasing cholesterol efflux by activation of liver X receptor (LXR), or depleting cholesterol from plasma membranes via β-methyl-cyclodextrin (β-MCD) treatment, strongly triggers autophagy to hydrolyze LDs and releases free cholesterol. This LD-derived cholesterol is shown to translocate to plasma membranes and maintain cellular cholesterol homeostasis. More interestingly, blocking autophagy leads to large amounts of LD accumulation and results in dramatic GBM cell death upon these treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Our data are the first to identify that LDs are the unique organelles enriched in GBM patient tumor tissues. Furthermore, we reveal a previously unrecognized pro-survival feedback and feed-forward metabolic reprogramming pathway through a LD-autophagy-cholesterol re-distribution process that maintains cholesterol homeostasis and GBM growth and survival. Our data suggest a novel therapeutic strategy to treat GBM by interrupting LD metabolism. SECONDARY CATEGORY: Neuropathology & Tumor Biomarkers.
ChemInform Abstract: ISOANELLIERTE THIENOPYRROLE, 5,6‐DIHYDRO‐4H‐THIENO(2,3‐C)PYRROLE UND 5H‐THIENO(2,3‐C)PYRROLE (1970)

Abstract Durch Umsetzung des Thiophens (I) mit den prim. Aminen (II) in Acetonitril erhält man in 40‐83%iger Ausbeute die Dihydro‐4H‐thienopyrrole (III), von denen sich die (IIIa) mit Wasserstoffperoxid in wäßrigem Methanol zu den N‐Oxiden (IV) (60‐80% Ausbeute) oxidieren lassen.
Editor’s Letter (2021)

1. Stanley J. Kon 1. Editor <!-- --> 1. To order reprints of this article, please contact David Rowe at d.rowe{at}pageantmedia.com or 646-891-2157. We begin this issue of The Journal of Fixed Income with three articles on risk estimates for individual bonds and their correlation
Correction to “Close Spectroscopic Look at Dye-Stained Polymer Microbeads” (2019)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to "Close Spectroscopic Look at Dye-Stained Polymer Microbeads"Daniel KageDaniel KageMore by Daniel Kage, Linn FischerLinn FischerMore by Linn Fischer, Katrin HoffmannKatrin HoffmannMore by Katrin Hoffmannhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-1985-2062, Thomas ThieleThomas ThieleMore by Thomas Thiele, Uwe SchedlerUwe SchedlerMore by Uwe Schedlerhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-9178-3466, and Ute Resch-Genger*Ute Resch-GengerMore by Ute Resch-Gengerhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-0944-1115Cite this: J. Phys. Chem. C 2019, 123, 26, 16494Publication Date (Web):June 20, 2019Publication History Published online20 June 2019Published inissue 5 July 2019https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b05365https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b05365correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2019 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views407Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (238 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Physical Simulator for Colonoscopy: A Modular Design Approach and Validation (2023)

Simulators for gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy offer the opportunity to train and assess clinician skills in a low-risk environment. Physical simulators can enable direct instrument-to-organ interactions not provided by virtual platforms. However, they present scarce visual realism and limited variability in their anatomical conditions. Herein, we present an innovative and low-cost methodology for the design and fabrication of modular silicone colon simulators. The fabrication pipeline envisages parametric customization and development of 3D-printed molds for silicon pouring to obtain colon segments. The size of each colon segment is based on clinical data extracted from CT colonography images. Straight and curved segments are connected through silicone conjuncts to realize a customized and modular monolithic physical simulator. A 130 cm-long colon simulator prototype with assorted magnetically-connected polyps was fabricated and laid on a custom-made sensorized abdominal phantom. Content, face and construct validity of the designed simulator were assessed by 17 GI endoscopists. In summary, this work showed promising results for improving accessibility and flexibility of current colonoscopy physical simulators, paving the way for modular and personalized training programs.
Optical fibres in chemical sensing - a review (1987)

The use of optical fibres for the sensing of chemical species is reviewed in this paper, which is divided into three sections. The first section discusses the variety of probe designs that have been proposed and studied, the second presents the numerous applications and the sensing techniques studied to date, and the final section summarises these developments and is presented in the form of a table. Finally, conclusions have been drawn on the state-of-the-art of this new technology and on the future applications of these novel devices.
Analyzing the energy consumption of security protocols (2003)

Security is critical to a wide range of wireless data applications and services. While several security mechanisms and protocols have been developed in the context of the wired Internet, many new challenges arise due to the unique characteristics of battery powered embedded systems. In this work, we focus on an important constraint of such devices -- battery life -- and examine how it is impacted by the use of security protocols.We present a comprehensive analysis of the energy requirements of a wide range of cryptographic algorithms that are used as building blocks in security protocols. Furthermore, we study the energy consumption requirements of the most popular transport-layer security protocol SSL (Secure Sockets Layer). To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive analysis of the energy requirements of SSL. For our studies, we have developed a measurement-based experimental testbed that consists of an iPAQ PDA connected to a wireless LAN and running Linux, a PC-based data acquisition system for real-time current measurement, the OpenSSL implementation of the SSL protocol, and parametrizable SSL client and server test programs. We investigate the impact of various parameters at the protocol level (such as cipher suites, authentication mechanisms, and transaction sizes, etc.) and the cryptographic algorithm level (cipher modes, strength) on overall energy consumption for secure data transactions.Based on our results, we discuss various opportunities for realizing energy-efficient implementations of security protocols. We believe such investigations to be an important first step towards addressing the challenges of energy efficient security for battery-constrained systems.
Identification of a 40S Ribosomal Protein S4–Derived H-Y Epitope Able to Elicit a Lymphoblast-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Response (2005)

Our findings suggest that CTL specific to certain epitopes of ubiquitously expressed H-Y antigens may specifically target lymphoblasts, contributing to the selective GVL effect of female-to-male stem cell transplantation.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Addition of Alcohols to Imines: Enantioselective Preparation of Chiral N,O‐Aminals. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Sorption of Poly(hexamethylenebiguanide) on Cellulose:  Mechanism of Binding and Molecular Recognition (2006)

Antimicrobial agents such as poly(hexamethylene biguanide) (PHMB) find application in medical, apparel, and household textile sectors; although it is understood that certain concentrations need to be applied to achieve suitable performance, there has been very little work published concerning the interactions of the polymer and its adsorption mechanism on cellulose. In this paper, such physical chemistry parameters are examined and related to computational chemistry studies. Adsorption isotherms were constructed: at low concentrations, these were typical Langmuir isotherms; at higher concentrations, they were more indicative of Freundlich isotherms, attributed to a combination of electrostatic and hydrogen-bonding forces, which endorsed computational chemistry proposals. At lower concentrations, electrostatic interactions between PHMB and carboxylic acid groups in the cellulose dominate with a contribution to binding through hydrogen bonding; as the concentration of PHMB increases, hydrogen bonding with cellulose becomes increasingly dominant. At high PHMB concentrations, observations of increasing PHMB adsorption are attributed to monolayer aggregation and multilayer stacking of PHMB through electrostatic interactions with counterions and hydrogen bonding of biguanide groups.
The Treg/Th17 Imbalance in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (2012)

Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a chronic inflammatory disease regulated by T lymphocytes. Our purpose is to assess the pattern of Th17 cells and CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells in peripheral blood of patients with OSAS. Fourty-four OSAS men and 20 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Twenty-three patients were classified into mild to moderate group and 21 cases were classified into severe group according to the severity of OSAS. We detected the frequencies of Th17 and Treg and related serum cytokines secretion and expressions of key transcription factors. OSAS patients revealed significant increase in peripheral Th17 number, Th17-related cytokines (IL-17 and IL-6), and RORγt mRNA levels. They also presented a significant decrease in Treg number, Treg-related cytokines (TGF-β(1)), and Foxp3 mRNA levels as compared with normal persons. As a result, the Th17/Treg ratios were markedly more upregulated in OSAS patients than those in control group. Furthermore, the Th17/Treg ratio was positively related to the severity of OSAS and serum levels of C-reactive protein. The development of OSAS may be associated with peripheral Th17/Treg imbalance and characterized by a proinflammatory cytokine microenvironment. These results opened an alternative explanation for the substantial activation of immune cells in OSAS and the development of related complications.
Calibration of a three-dimensional shape measurement system (2003)

A 3-D surface shape measurement system based on a digital fringe projection and phase shifting technique is described. In this system, three phase-shifted fringe patterns and a centerline pattern are used to determine the absolute phase map of the object. This phase map is then converted to the x , y , and z coordinates of the object surface by a conversion algorithm. To determine the accurate values of the system parameters as required by the conversion algorithm, a two-step calibration procedure was developed. The parameters were first measured to determine their approximate values, then a calibration plate was measured by the system at various positions, and an iteration algorithm used to estimate the system parameters. Measurement results of several objects are presented. The standard deviation of the measurement error was found to be 0.23 mm.
ChemInform Abstract: SULFUR DIOXIDE INSERTION REACTIONS OF ALKYLRUTHENIUM COMPOUNDS (1985)

Abstract Die nach Literaturmethode erhaltenen Komplexe (I) und (III) reagieren mit SO 2 (V) unter Bildung der entsprechenden hellgelben, S‐gebundenen Sulfinate (II) bzw. (IV) (Ausb.: 90%).
SUPPRESSION OF RAMAN CROSSTALK IN WDM SYSTEMS (1995)

Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) crosstalk has been recently shown to severely limit ultrahigh-capacity long-haul optical communication systems [1]. In this paper SRS crosstalk in intensity- modulated WDM systems is analyzed including modulation statistics of multiple channels in presence of chromatic dispersion. It is found that the depletion caused by SRS on a given channel has an average, deterministic component that is the dominant source of SNR degradation, and a statistical contribution that depends on the bits transmitted in the other channels. Power equalization at amplifiers can completely suppress the average part of SRS crosstalk, exploiting its deterministic nature. The residual degradation caused by the statistical component is analytically evaluated, assuming that pulses propagate without distortion and neglecting all other nonlinear effects. The proposed technique increases the number of channels that can be transmitted by about an order of magnitude.
<p>Pitolisant to Treat Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Cataplexy in Adults with Narcolepsy: Rationale and Clinical Utility</p> (2020)

Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder marked by chronic, debilitating excessive daytime sleepiness and can be associated with cataplexy, sleep paralysis and sleep-related hallucinations. Pharmacological therapy for narcolepsy primarily aims to increase wakefulness and reduce cataplexy attacks. Pitolisant is a first-in-class agent utilizing histamine to improve wakefulness by acting as an antagonist/inverse agonist of the presynaptic histamine 3 receptor. This review summarizes the clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of pitolisant in treating the symptoms of narcolepsy. Randomized and observational studies demonstrate pitolisant to be effective in treating both hypersomnolence and cataplexy while generally being well tolerated at prescribed doses. The most common adverse reactions include headache, insomnia and nausea.
Innate Immunity in Human Embryonic Stem Cells: Comparison with Adult Human Endothelial Cells (2010)

Treatment of human disease with human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived cells is now close to reality, but little is known of their responses to physiological and pathological insult. The ability of cells to respond via activation of Toll like receptors (TLR) is critical in innate immune sensing in most tissues, but also extends to more general danger sensing, e.g. of oxidative stress, in cardiomyocytes. We used biomarker release and gene-array analysis to compare responses in hESC before and after differentiation, and to those in primary human endothelial cells. The presence of cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells was confirmed in differentiated cultures by immunostaining, FACS-sorting and, for cardiomyocytes, beating activity. Undifferentiated hESC did not respond with CXCL8 release to Gram positive or Gram negative bacteria, or a range of PAMPs (pathogen associated molecular patterns) for TLRs 1-9 (apart from flagellin, an activator of TLR5). Surprisingly, lack of TLR-dependent responses was maintained over 4 months of differentiation of hESC, in cultures which included cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells. In contrast, primary cultures of human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) demonstrated responses to a broad range of PAMPs. Expression of downstream TLR signalling pathways was demonstrated in hESC, and IL-1beta, TNFalpha and INFgamma, which bypass the TLRs, stimulated CXCL8 release. NFkappaB pathway expression was also present in hESC and NFkappaB was able to translocate to the nucleus. Low expression levels of TLRs were detected in hESC, especially TLRs 1 and 4, explaining the lack of response of hESC to the main TLR signals. TLR5 levels were similar between differentiated hESC and HAEC, and siRNA knockdown of TLR5 abolished the response to flagellin. These findings have potential implications for survival and function of grafted hESC-derived cells.
Acoustic Energy Transfer: A Review (2012)

Acoustic energy transfer (AET) is a relatively new form of contactless energy transmission that uses sound waves to wirelessly convey energy. In contrast to inductive coupling, it is suited for energy transmission over distances that are large in comparison to the transmitter and receiver dimensions. The frequencies that are used are low, minimizing losses and keeping the electronics simple. This review summarizes the work done on AET by various researchers.
Blockchain for Cities—A Systematic Literature Review (2018)

Blockchain is considered one of the most disruptive technologies of our time. Numerous cities around the world are launching blockchain initiatives as part of the overall efforts toward shaping the urban future. However, the infancy stage of the blockchain industry leads to a severe gap between the knowledge we have and the actions urban policy makers are taking. This paper is an effort to narrow this rift. We provide a systematic literature review on concrete blockchain use cases proposed by the research community. At the macro-level, we discuss and organize use cases from 159 selected papers into nine sectors recognized as crucial for sustainable and smart urban future. At the micro-level, we identify a component-based framework and analyze the design and prototypes of blockchain systems studied in a subset of 71 papers. The high-level use case review allows us to illustrate the relationship between them and the four pillars of urban sustainability: social, economic, environmental, and governmental. The system level analysis helps us highlight interesting inconsistencies between well-known blockchain applicability decision rules and the approaches taken by the literature. We also offer two classification methodologies for blockchain use cases and elaborate on how they can be applied to stimulate cross-sector insights in the blockchain knowledge domain.
Quantitative dietary exposure assessment of the Catalonian population (Spain) to the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (2011)

The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most common contaminants of cereals worldwide, and its occurrence has been widely reported in raw foods and foodstuffs, around the European region, including Catalonia. In the present work, a stochastic methodology has been applied to accurately assess the exposure of the Catalonian population (Spain) to DON through food consumption. Raw contamination data was provided by a large survey conducted in this region, in addition to the raw consumption data from a nutritional study specifically designed to assess the dietary intake of the main foodstuffs related to DON contamination for all population age groups. Contamination and consumption data were combined by simulation using an essentially parametric (P-P) method. The P-P method draws sampling values from distribution functions fitted to consumption and contamination data sets. Moreover, to quantify the accuracy and reliability of the statistics estimates, we built the related confidence intervals using a pseudo-parametric bootstrap method. Considering the results drawn from the P-P simulation method, the Catalonian population should be expected to be exposed at moderated levels of deoxynivalenol, the infants and individuals with ethnic dietary patterns being the most exposed population groups.
Semi-classical calculation of charge distributions in ultra-narrow inversion lines (1986)

An increasing interest in submicrometer-scale electronic systems has prompted study of the achievable charge confinement in ultra-narrow inversion lines. This paper describes the modeling and resultant charge distributions obtained via semi-classical calculations for the silicon grating-gate field-effect transistor. Since the gate structure of this device is periodic, a relatively small simulation region with well-defined boundary conditions could be employed. Using a finite-element technique, the charge and electrostatic potential is calculated numerically and self-consistently, as a function of electrode biases. Results are presented for charge confinement both directly underneath and between grating electrodes, and an effective capacitance is extracted for the strongest confinement regime.
Image retrieval with geometry-preserving visual phrases (2011)

The most popular approach to large scale image retrieval is based on the bag-of-visual-word (BoV) representation of images. The spatial information is usually re-introduced as a post-processing step to re-rank the retrieved images, through a spatial verification like RANSAC. Since the spatial verification techniques are computationally expensive, they can be applied only to the top images in the initial ranking. In this paper, we propose an approach that can encode more spatial information into BoV representation and that is efficient enough to be applied to large-scale databases. Other works pursuing the same purpose have proposed exploring the word co-occurrences in the neighborhood areas. Our approach encodes more spatial information through the geometry-preserving visual phrases (GVP). In addition to co-occurrences, the GVP method also captures the local and long-range spatial layouts of the words. Our GVP based searching algorithm increases little memory usage or computational time compared to the BoV method. Moreover, we show that our approach can also be integrated to the min-hash method to improve its retrieval accuracy. The experiment results on Oxford 5K and Flicker 1M dataset show that our approach outperforms the BoV method even following a RANSAC verification.