gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of acceleration data for transportation mode prediction (2014)

Most smartphones today are equipped with an accelerometer, in addition to other sensors. Any data recorded by the accelerometer can be successfully utilised to determine the mode of transportation in use, which will provide an alternative to conventional household travel surveys and make it possible to implement customer-oriented advertising programmes. In this study, a comparison is made between changes in pre-processing, selection methods for generating training data, and classifiers, using the accelerometer data collected from three cities in Japan. The classifiers used were support vector machines (SVM), adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), decision tree and random forests. The results of this exercise suggest that using a 125-point moving average during pre-processing and selecting training data proportionally for all modes will maximise prediction accuracy. Moreover, random forests outperformed all other classifiers by yielding an overall prediction accuracy of 99.8 % for all three cities.
The use of two-dimension electrophoresis to identify serum biomarkers from patients with dengue haemorrhagic fever (2009)

Dengue infection is a major public health problem affecting millions of people living in tropical countries. With no suitable vaccines and specific antiviral drugs, treatment for dengue is usually symptomatic and supportive. Early diagnosis and recognition of severe disease is therefore crucial for better management of the patient. Two-dimension electrophoresis was used to identify disease-associated proteins that can be used for diagnosis and as drug targets for treatment. Two markers, identified by mass spectrometry analysis as alpha1-antitrypsin and NS1 proteins were found to be upregulated in dengue fever (DF; n=10) and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF; n=10) patients compared with healthy individuals (n=8). Both alpha1-antitrypsin and NS1 proteins were overexpressed two-fold in DHF patients compared with DF patients. Our study suggests that alpha1-antitrypsin and NS1 protein could be used as biomarkers as early indicators of DHF risk among patients with suspected dengue infection.
Purification of bacteriorhodopsin and characterization of mature and partially processed forms (1989)

Bacteriorhodopsin (BR) essentially free of native lipids has been prepared in a highly stable state. Purple membrane was solubilized in Triton X-100 and BR was purified by size exclusion chromatography using 3-[cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-2-hydroxyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (CHAPSO) detergent at pH 5. Molar ratios of phospholipid/BR ranged from 0.4 to 0.05 corresponding to 94-98% phospholipid removal. Purified BR has an absorbance ratio (A280nm/A548nm) of 1.5-1.6 in the dark-adapted state which is the highest purified BR/protein ratio reported to date. The purified BR in CHAPSO shows maximum stability in the pH range 5.0-5.5. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profiles of native purple membrane and solubilized BR from most Halobacterium halobium JW-3 cultures show 3 higher molecular weight bands in addition to BR. Immunological staining and amino acid sequencing indicates that these additional proteins are partially processed forms of the BR precursor protein. The BR preprotein contains 13 additional amino acids on the NH2 terminus which are removed by post-translational processing in at least four steps. Isoelectric focusing separated most delipidated and non-delipidated BR samples into 8 bands. Incomplete BR post-translational processing BR is thought to be largely responsible for the multiplicity of isoelectric BR species. The principal components have pI values of 5.20 and 5.24 and both have absorption maxima at 550 nm, characteristic of detergent-solubilized BR. BR in Triton X-100 or nonylglucoside, delipidated BR in CHAPSO, and BR in intact purple membrane all have a dark-adapted ratio of 13-cis to all-trans-retinal of 1.9:1.
Repeated heart failure in a 74-year-old man with left ventricular hypertrophy (2014)

A 74-year-old man who had been diagnosed with LV hypertrophy (LVH) at the age of 60 years in another hospital was referred for evaluation of repeated hospitalisation for heart failure. He complained shortness of breath, but no chest pain or syncope. Significant information was not obtained in spite of a carefully taken past and family history. There was no history of hypertension. His blood pressure was 118/60 mm Hg and the third heart sound was audible. With the patient sitting, the right internal jugular vein was visibly distended. Brain natriuretic peptide level was 498 pg/mL. Transthoracic echocardiography at first evaluation in our …
Role of oxidative stress on diesel-enhanced influenza infection in mice (2010)

Numerous studies have shown that air pollutants, including diesel exhaust (DE), reduce host defenses, resulting in decreased resistance to respiratory infections. This study sought to determine if DE exposure could affect the severity of an ongoing influenza infection in mice, and examine if this could be modulated with antioxidants. BALB/c mice were treated by oropharyngeal aspiration with 50 plaque forming units of influenza A/HongKong/8/68 and immediately exposed to air or 0.5 mg/m3 DE (4 hrs/day, 14 days). Mice were necropsied on days 1, 4, 8 and 14 post-infection and lungs were assessed for virus titers, lung inflammation, immune cytokine expression and pulmonary responsiveness (PR) to inhaled methacholine. Exposure to DE during the course of infection caused an increase in viral titers at days 4 and 8 post-infection, which was associated with increased neutrophils and protein in the BAL, and an early increase in PR. Increased virus load was not caused by decreased interferon levels, since IFN-β levels were enhanced in these mice. Expression and production of IL-4 was significantly increased on day 1 and 4 p.i. while expression of the Th1 cytokines, IFN-γ and IL-12p40 was decreased. Treatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine did not affect diesel-enhanced virus titers but blocked the DE-induced changes in cytokine profiles and lung inflammation. We conclude that exposure to DE during an influenza infection polarizes the local immune responses to an IL-4 dominated profile in association with increased viral disease, and some aspects of this effect can be reversed with antioxidants.
Association of uric acid levels with components of metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in overweight or obese children and adolescents (2013)

High levels of uric acid were associated with MS and adolescence, which was not observed with NAFLD.
Dendrite-Free Li Metal Plating/Stripping Onto Three-Dimensional Vertical-Graphene@Carbon-Cloth Host (2019)

Lithium metal is deemed as an ideal anode material for next-generation lithium ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high specific capacity and low redox potential. However, uncontrolled lithium dendrite formation during electrochemical deposition leads to a low Coulombic efficiency and serious safety issues, dragging metallic lithium anodes out of practical application. One promising strategy to suppress lithium dendrite issues is employing a three-dimensional host with admirable conductivity and large surface area. Herein, a vertical graphene nanosheet grown on carbon cloth (VG/CC) synthesized is adopted as the Li deposition host. The three-dimensional VG/CC with a large surface area can provide abundant active nucleation sites and effectively reduce the current density, leading to homogeneous Li deposition to overcome the dendrite issue. The Li@VG/CC anode exhibits a dendrite-free morphology after a long cycle and superior electrochemical performance to that of planar Cu current collector. It delivers a small voltage hysteresis of 90.9 mV at a high current density of 10 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> and a Coulombic efficiency of 99% over 100 cycles at 2 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>. Our results indicate that this all-carbon-based nanostructure host has great potential for next-generation Li metal batteries.
Stanol/Sterol Ester–Containing Foods and Blood Cholesterol Levels (2001)

Considerable attention in the recent past has focused on the potential benefits or adverse effects of butter versus different types of margarines, usually with respect to their relative content of polyunsaturated, saturated, and trans fatty acids, and the impact of these on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. Recently, a new class of margarines and other fat-derived products (eg, salad dressings, mayonnaise) containing plant-derived sterols that are intended for use to lower blood cholesterol levels have been introduced into the food supply. These products are being marketed as adjuncts to low-saturated-fat and low-cholesterol diets to maximize reductions in LDL cholesterol levels achievable by dietary means.
Nuclear protein-binding sites in a transcriptional control region of the rabbit alpha-globin gene. (1993)

The 5'-flanking and internal regions of the rabbit alpha-globin gene, which constitute a CpG island, are required for enhancer-independent expression in transfected cells. In this study, electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that a battery of nuclear proteins from both erythroid and nonerythroid cells bind specifically to these regulatory regions. Assays based on exonuclease III digestion, methylation interference, and DNase I footprinting identified sequences bound by proteins in crude nuclear extracts and by purified transcription factor Sp1. In the 5' flank, recognition sites for the transcription factors alpha-IRP (positions -53 to -44 relative to the cap site), CP1 (-73 to -69), and Sp1 (-95 to -90) are bound by proteins in K562 cell nuclear extracts, as are three extended upstream regions. Two recognition sites for Sp1 in intron 1 are also bound both by proteins in crude nuclear extracts and by purified Sp1. The sequences CCAC in intron 2 and C5 in the 3'-untranslated region also bind proteins. A major binding site found in exon 1, TATGGCGC, matches in sequence and methylation interference pattern the binding site for nuclear protein YY1, and binding is inhibited through competition by YY1-specific oligonucleotides. The protein-binding sites flanking and internal to the rabbit alpha-globin gene may form an extended promoter.
HLA and Allopurinol Drug Eruption (1989)

Strong HLA associations were found in Southern Chinese patients with skin eruptions due to allopurinol. The positive associations were with AW33 (Pc = 1.7 x 10(-5); relative risk [RR] = 15.0, 95% confidence limit 5.2-42.9) with B17/BW58 (Pc = 2.9 x 10(-9); RR = 46.3, 95% confidence limit 10.3-209.2). The negative association was with A2 (Pc = 8.3 x 10(-5), RR = 0). The findings suggested a genetic predisposition to cutaneous drug reactions.
IL-10–producing Tfh cells accumulate with age and link inflammation with age-related immune suppression (2020)

Aging results in profound immune dysfunction, resulting in the decline of vaccine responsiveness previously attributed to irreversible defects in the immune system. In addition to increased interleukin-6 (IL-6), we found aged mice exhibit increased systemic IL-10 that requires forkhead box P3-negative (FoxP3<sup>-</sup>), but not FoxP3<sup>+</sup>, CD4<sup>+</sup>T cells. Most IL-10-producing cells manifested a T follicular helper (Tfh) phenotype and required the Tfh cytokines IL-6 and IL-21 for their accrual, so we refer to them as Tfh10 cells. IL-21 was also required to maintain normal serum levels of IL-6 and IL-10. Notably, antigen-specific Tfh10 cells arose after immunization of aged mice, and neutralization of IL-10 receptor signaling significantly restored Tfh-dependent antibody responses, whereas depletion of FoxP3<sup>+</sup> regulatory and follicular regulatory cells did not. Thus, these data demonstrate that immune suppression with age is reversible and implicate Tfh10 cells as an intriguing link between "inflammaging" and impaired immune responses with age.
Earnings inequality in transition economies of Central Europetrends and patterns during the 1990s (2001)

This paper documents trends in earnings distribution during the transition in Central Europe, and examines changes in relative wages that have underlined the rise in earnings inequality. The paper finds that the widening of earnings distribution was concentrated in the early phase of transition, and the trend towards greater inequality in most countries tapered off during the late 1990s. This suggests that a new equilibrium has been reached, or at least approached. This equilibrium is characterized by high but not exorbitant earnings dispersion. In most transitional economies of Central Europe earnings inequality is in the upper part of the OECD range, rarely beyond that range. The widening of earnings distribution has occurred at its both ends. The relative position of low-paid workers has deteriorated while the position of top paid workers has improved. At the same time the incidence of both low- and high-pay has considerably increased. High earnings dispersion is particularly pronounced in the private sector. The main observable factor behind the increase in earnings inequality during the transition has been the increase in the premium to university education. Education is currently the single most important variable explaining the attained level of inequality, whereas inter-industry wage differentials are second in importance. The contribution of other factors, such as gender, labor market experience, location, is small or insignificant.
Abstracts and Indexes (2014)

A series of three molecular dynamics simulations at 300 K in explicit solvent environments of chloroform, methanol and water has been performed on the pulmonary surfactant lipoprotein, SP-C, comprising several consecutive valine residues in order to investigate the stability of the u-helical conformation. Two additional simulations were performed on truncated SP-C with a five-residue N-terminal deletion at 300 K and 500 K in water, the high temperature run in order to increase the rate of peptide denaturation. Indications of destabilization appear in chloroform during 1 ns while the SP-C m-helix is remarkably stable during 1 ns in methanol and water. In particular the polyvalyl part comprising residues Va115 to Va121 remains intact even at elevated temperature, and the valines do not disrupt the u-helical conformation. The valyl-rotamer sampling is partly restricted. Unfolding takes place successively along the primary sequence starting from the C-terminal end. Factors affecting polypeptide stability in molecular dynamics imulations are addressed. The intrinsic helix-forming tendency of valine residues and its dependence on the sequence context, and the role of the solvent environment in stabilizing or destabilizing an u-helical fold, are discussed. Keyzoords: ~.-helix stability; peptide conformation; solvent interactions; molecular dynamics; computer simulation
Heterogenised catalysts for the H-transfer reduction reaction of aldehydes: influence of solvent and solvation effects on reaction performances (2023)

Heterogenisation of homogeneous catalysts onto solid supports represents a potential strategy to make the homogeneous catalytic function recyclable and reuseable. Yet, it is usually the case that immobilised catalysts have much lower catalytic activity than their homogeneous counterpart. In addition, the presence of a solid interface introduces a higher degree of complexity by modulating solid/fluid interactions, which can often influence adsorption properties of solvents and reactive species and, ultimately, catalytic activity. In this work, the influence of support and solvent in the H-transfer reduction of propionaldehyde over Al(O<sup>i</sup>Pr)<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub>, Al(O<sup>i</sup>Pr)<sub>3</sub>-TiO<sub>2</sub> and Al(O<sup>i</sup>Pr)<sub>3</sub>-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> heterogenised catalysts has been studied. Reaction studies are coupled with both NMR relaxation measurements as well as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in order to unravel surface and solvation effects during the reaction. The results show that, whilst the choice of the support does not influence significantly catalytic activity, reactions carried out in solvents with high affinity for the catalyst surface, or able to hinder access to active sites due to solvation effects, have a lower activity. MD calculations provide key insights into bulk solvation effects involved in such reactions, which are thought to play an important role in determining the catalytic behaviour. The activity of the heterogenised catalysts was found to be comparable with that of the homogeneous Al(O<sup>i</sup>Pr)<sub>3</sub> catalysts for all supports used, showing that for the type of reaction studied immobilisation of the homogeneous catalyst onto solid supports is a viable, robust and effective strategy.
A study of imprint and etching behavior on fused silica of a new tailored resist mr-NIL213FC for soft UV-NIL (2020)

A new type of a specifically tailored resist for Soft Nanoimprint Lithography (Soft UV-NIL) namely mr-NIL213FC has been developed. It aims for a significant improvement of its etch-resistance with regard to underlying oxide substrates such as glass. This work demonstrates the first study of its imprint performance and etching behavior against fused silica wafers. First of all, the resist shows full compatibility with automated Soft UV-NIL using PDMS-based soft stamps and at ambient (oxygen containing) conditions for both step-and-repeat and full-wafer approaches. Moreover, the selectivity of the resist to the underlying fused silica substrate, in a high power and high etch rate condition, has reached to over 0.6, which is a significant step-up among most products in this context. The improved resistance of the resist facilitates direct etching processes for high resolution and high structure fidelity.
Air travel attitudes and behaviours: The development of environment-based segments (2014)

In an era when the transport sector is increasingly contributing to environmental damage there is a need to better understand the behavioural response of consumers. Theories such as the Theory of Planned Behaviour and the Norm-Activation Model have had some success in explaining pro-environmental behaviours; this paper examines the application of these to air travel. It utilises insights from previous attitude behaviour research to develop a more detailed understanding of how normative influences, individual values and other psychological factors are affected by individual attitudes to air travel attitudes and how these influence behaviour. This informs recommendations for a policy response, which emphasises the need to bring air travel behaviour in line with other energy saving household behaviours.
Characterization of caseinomacropeptides released from renneted raw and UHT treated milks (1992)

The kinetics of release of the glycosylated and carbohydrate-free forms of caseinomacropeptide (CMP) was studied in renneted rawand UHT (140 oC for 10 s) milks. The new chromatographic method utilized allowed quantitative determinations of both molecular torrns. UHT treatment leads to a 40% decrease of the final content in glycosylated forms compared to the value determined in raw milk. The results obtained show that carbohydrate-free ic-casein constitutes 52% of whole x-cassin. When milk is UHT treated, ~-Iactoglobulin only seems to influence the release of the glycosylated form. Nevertheless, no conclusion can be drawn concerning the localization in the micellar structure of both molecular forms of x-caseln. milk 1 coagulation 1 rennet 1 glycosylated CMP 1 carbohydrate-free CMP 1 thermal treatment 1 UHT treatment Rsum -Caractrisation des casinomacropeptides librs lors de la coagulation par la prsure de laits cru et UHT. Grce une nouvelle mthode chromatographique permettant la sparation du casino-macropeptide (CMPJ rsultant de l'action de la prsure sur la casine K, les cintiques de libration des formes glycosyles et non glycosyles du CMP I partir du lait cru et du mme lait trait UHT, chacun soumis l'action de la prsure, ont pu tre quantifies. Le traitement UHT conduit une diminution d'environ 40% de la teneur finale en CMP glycosyl par rapport la valeur dtermine sur le lait cru. Les rsultats obtenus prcisent la rpartition entre formes glycosyles (42%) et non glycosyles (58%) de la casine 1(. Ils dmontrent galement une influence trs prfrentielle de la p-Iactoglobuline sur la libration des seules formes glycosyles de cette casine lors du chauffage du lait. Mais ils ne permettent pas de conclure quant la localisation de ces formes glycosyles au sein de la structure micellaire. lait / coagulation / prsure / CMP glycosyl / CMP non-glycosyl / traitement thermique / UHT
The separation of lead tetra-ethyl from solution in petroleum spirit (1928)

F. W. Toms and C. P. Money, Analyst, 1928, 53, 328 DOI: 10.1039/AN9285300328
Counterparty credit risk : measurement, pricing and hedging (2009)

Preface Section 1: Counterparty risk measurement and management Ch. 1 Systemic Counterparty Credit Risk - Aaron Brown Ch. 2 Collateralized Credit Exposure - Michael Pykhtin Ch. 3 Efficient Derivation of Counterparty Exposure at Default for Trading Book Credit Risk Economic Capital - David Rowe, Dan Travers and Phillip Koop Ch. 4 Effective Enterprise-wide Collateral Management - Darren Measures Ch. 5 Evolution of the US Legal Framework for Counterparty Risk Mitigation - Lauren Teigland-Hunt Section 2: Counterparty risk pricing and hedging Ch. 6 Pricing and Hedging Counterparty Risk: Lessons Re-Learned? - Eduardo Canabarro Ch. 7 The Counterparty Risk of Credit Derivative Products - Jon Gregory Ch. 8 Contingent Credit Default Swaps - Shankar Mukherjee, Andrew Hollings and Svein Stokke Ch. 9 Funding Benefit and Funding Cost - Yi Tang and Andrew Williams Ch.10 Generalized Valuation of Collateralized Derivatives - Patrick Chen, Katsuichiro Uchiyama and Guanghua Cao Section 3: Stress testing of counterparty risk Ch. 11 Stress Testing and Scenario Analysis: Some Second Generation Approaches - Gregory Hopper Ch. 12 Computing and Stress Testing Counterparty Credit Risk Capital - Dan Rosen and David Saunders Section 4: Backtesting and risk capital of counterparty risk Ch. 13 Back(testing) to the Future: From Market Risk to Counterparty Credit Risk Models - Eduardo Epperlein, Sean Paul Hrabak, Wei Zhu and Alan Smillie Ch. 14 Economic Capital on Counterparty Risks - Evan Picoult
Chapter 23 Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) effects on evoked and induced gamma frequency EEG oscillations in autism spectrum disorder (2016)

Contents Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372 18.1 Background. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373 . .
Assembling a Low‐volume Biofuel Cell on a Screen‐printed Electrode for Glucose Sensing (2022)

Abstract An enzymatic biofuel cell is integrated on a screen‐printed electrode as a basis for a self‐powered biosensor. A glucose/O 2 biofuel cell consisting of a pyrroloquinoline quinone‐dependent glucose dehydrogenase embedded within an Os‐complex modified redox polymer bioanode to oxidize glucose and a non‐limiting bilirubin oxidase‐based gas diffusion biocathode in the direct‐electron transfer regime for the reduction of O 2 showed a glucose‐dependent current and power output. For full integration on a single screen‐printed electrode, a miniaturized agar salt bridge was introduced between the two bioelectrodes to ensure operation of the assembly in a two‐compartment configuration with each electrode operating at optimal conditions.
Robust and Practical Open‐Loop Designs (2003)

This chapter contains sections titled: Randomized Matrix Modulations Space–Time Block Code with Rotated Constellations Performance Evaluation Summary