gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Strain energy harvesting for wireless sensor networks (2003)

Our goal was to demonstrate a robust strain energy harvesting system for powering an embedded wireless sensor network without batteries. A composite material specimen was laminated with unidirectional aligned piezoelectric fibers (PZT5A, 250 um, overall 13x10x.38 mm). The fibers were embedded within a resin matrix for damage tolerance (Advanced Cerametrics, Lambertville, NJ). A foil strain gauge (Micro-Measurements, Raleigh, NC) was bonded to the piezoelectric fiber and shunt calibrated. The specimen was loaded in three point cyclic bending (75 to 300 &mu;&epsilon; peak) using an electrodynamic actuator operating at 60,120, and 180 Hz. Strain energy was stored by rectifying piezoelectric fiber output into a capacitor bank. When the capacitor voltage reached a preset threshold, charge was transferred to an integrated, embeddable wireless sensor node (StrainLink, MicroStrain, Inc., Williston, VT). Nodes include: 16 bit A/D converter w/programmable gain and filter, 5 single ended or 3 differential sensor inputs, microcontroller w/16 bit address, on-board EEPROM, and 418 MHz FSK RF transmitter. Transmission range was 1/3 mile (LOS, 1/4 wavelength antennas, 12 milliamps at +3 VDC). The RF receiver included EEPROM, XML output, and Ethernet connectivity. Received data from network nodes are parsed according to their individual addresses. The times required to accumulate sufficient charge to accomplish data transmission was evaluated. For peak strains of 150 &mu;&epsilon;, the time to transmit was 30 to 160 seconds (for 180 to 60 Hz tests).
Tailoring Colors by O Annulation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (2016)

The synthesis of O-doped polyaromatic hydro- carbons in which two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon sub units are bridged through one or two O atoms has been achieved. This includes high-yield ring-closure key steps that, depending on the reaction conditions, result in the formation of furanyl or pyranopyranyl linkages through intramolecular C-O bond formation. Comprehensive photophysical measurements in solution showed that these compounds have exceptionally high emission yields and tunable absorption properties throughout the UV/Vis spectral region. Electrochemical investigations showed that in all cases O annulation increases the electron-donor capabilities by raising the HOMO energy level, whereas the LUMO energy level is less affected. Moreover, third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) measurements on solutions or thin films containing the dyes showed very good values of the second hyperpolarizability. Importantly, poly(methyl methacrylate) films containing the pyranopyranyl derivatives exhibited weak linear absorption and NLO absorption compared to the nonlinearity and NLO refraction, respectively, and thus revealed them to be exceptional organic materials for photonic devices.
Features and current status of Pu'er food culture : Challenges toward cultural environment preservation (2015)

Pu'er food culture is characterized by distinct uniqueness and diversity on three aspects: culture, material and skill under various influences of regional, ecological and border culture, which is based on tea culture in particular. However, food culture in Pu'er has been facing several problems and risks of gradual assimilation, lack of specific transmission carrier, and the urgent need of building sustainable support system for the preservation of Pu'er food culture. This paper aims to introduce the characteristics of Pu'er food culture, its current situations and the results from the research conducted in Minamata, Japan.
Frontispiece: In‐Depth TEM Investigation on Structural Inhomogeneity within a Primary LixNi0.835Co0.15Al0.015O2 Particle: Origin of Capacity Decay during High‐Rate Discharge (2020)

Lithium-Ion Batteries The effect on capacity of structural changes within a cathode material for Li-ion batteries is investigated using TEM by S. M. Kim, W. Chang, and co-workers in their Research Article on page 2385.
Evidence for the existence of hyaluronectin‐binding proteins in the plasma membranes (1993)

This report documents for the first time the existence of specific binding proteins for hyaluronic acid binding protein (hyaluronectin) in the plasma membranes of normal and transformed cells. Firstly, we showed the specific binding of hyaluronic acid binding protein to the cell surface of normal rat heart fibroblasts (NRHF) by saturation and competition methods using 125I-labeled hyaluronic acid binding protein and calculated the binding dissociation constant (0.43 x 10(-13) M). In order to identify hyaluronectin-binding protein on the cell surface, plasma membranes isolated from rat brain, liver and fibrosarcoma were separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred to nitrocellulose paper by electroblotting. Incubation of the transferred membrane proteins with 125I-labeled hyaluronectin in the presence of non-ionic as well as ionic detergents revealed two prominent bands of approximate molecular mass of 37 kDa and 40 kDa in brain, liver and fibrosarcoma. The specificity of the binding [125I]hyaluronectin to 37-kDa and 40-kDa membrane proteins was further confirmed, as the intensity of the bands was reduced in the presence of a 20-fold excess of unlabeled hyaluronectin. We discuss our observations on hyaluronectin-binding membrane proteins in the context of hyaluronectin-mediated cellular functions.
Selective Detection and Quantification of Modified DNA with Solid-State Nanopores (2014)

We demonstrate a solid-state nanopore assay for the unambiguous discrimination and quantification of modified DNA. Individual streptavidin proteins are employed as high-affinity tags for DNA containing a single biotin moiety. We establish that the rate of translocation events corresponds directly to relative concentration of protein-DNA complexes and use the selectivity of our approach to quantify modified oligonucleotides from among a background of unmodified DNA in solution.
Somatostatin receptor subtype 3 mediates the inhibitory action of somatostatin on gastric smooth muscle cells (1995)

Previous functional studies show that somatostatin (SS) interacts with specific receptors to inhibit relaxation in gastric smooth muscle cells. There are no ligand binding studies, and it is unknown which of the five subtypes of SS receptors mediates the action. Dispersed gastric smooth muscle cells from guinea pig bound both 125I-labeled SS-14 and 125I-D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Thr-Cys-Nal-NH2 (where Nal indicates N-naphthylalanine) (cyclo-SS-8), a synthetic peptidase-resistant octapeptide SS analogue. SS-28 and SS-14, cyclo-SS-8, and SS analogue D-Phe-Cys-Phe-D-Trp-Lys-Thr-Cys-Thr-ol [SMS-(201-995) (octreotide)] inhibited 125I-cyclo-SS-8 binding with relative potencies of SS-28 = cyclo-SS-8 = SMS-(201-995) (octreotide), and the binding was not affected by the addition of protease inhibitors. SS-14 caused inhibition only in the presence of protease inhibitors. Ligand analysis demonstrated a two-binding-site model. Analysis of the relationship between biological function and binding suggested the high-affinity sites mediated the relaxant action of SS. 5'-Guanylylimidodiphosphate [Gpp-(NH)p] inhibited binding by reducing the affinity of the high-affinity site. Six SS-8 analogues that distinguish SS subtypes showed that 125I-SS-14 bound to somatostatin receptor subtype 3 (SSTR3). The results demonstrated that gastric smooth muscle cells possess distinct receptors for SS of the SSTR3 subtype. Occupation of these sites inhibits relaxation in gastric smooth muscle cells. Modulation between the high- and low- affinity binding states of SSTR3 is at least partially mediated by activation of guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins.
Adaptive resource management in multi-service mobile wireless cellular networks using feedback control (2005)

The paper proposes feedback control theory based adaptive resource management techniques for multi-service wireless cellular networks to keep the handoff failure rate (HFR) below a target value regardless of the traffic dynamics and the bandwidth requirements of the service types. We propose two types of feedback control functions: integral (I) and proportional integral (PI). For each control function, two different types of algorithms are proposed. In the shared reservation (SR) algorithm, the reserved resources are shared by all types of services. In contrast, each service type has its own reserved resources in the reservation per service (RPS) algorithm. Performance of the controllers is evaluated through discrete event simulation. Simulation results indicate that both I and PI can maintain target HFR for any service type, even when the traffic load rapidly fluctuates and system parameters vary over a wide range. The performance of the I control function is better than PI. Between SR and RPS, SR has lower complexity and superior performance in terms of total carried traffic.
Phyllosphere 2022: 11th International Symposium on Leaf Surface Microbiology (2023)

This Meeting Review article offers a synthesis of the science presented and discussed at the recently held 11th International Symposium on Leaf Surface Microbiology, also known as Phyllosphere 2022, at the University of California–Davis (UC Davis), 17 to 21 July 2022. Twice postponed due to Covid-19, this in-person conference covered wide-ranging but intersecting topics related to the microbiology of leaves (and other aboveground parts of plants), including phytopathology, food safety, plant physiology, microbial ecology, fluid physics, vegetation science, single-cell biology, canopy architecture, and human health. The overarching theme of the meeting (“understanding the rules of phyllospheric life”) was explored in 46 podium and 12 poster presentations. It also fueled the formal and informal discussions among 90-plus conference participants about existing and new questions in phyllosphere microbiology. Are there first principles underlying the acquisition, assembly and succession of microbial communities in the phyllosphere? How best to define, recognize, and exploit phyllosphere fitness of microscopic leaf dwellers? At what scales do or should we sample, interrogate, and understand the phyllosphere? What still needs to be learned that keeps us from new insights, resources, and tools to produce healthier or more nutritious plant foliage? Having the conference at UC Davis in the summer presented a unique opportunity to “vertically integrate” high school students from the COSMOS program into the Phyllosphere 2022 conference and allow face-to-face interactions with early-career scientists and prominent senior career professionals in phyllosphere microbiology. Students thus experienced first-hand the ways in which scientists address problems that affect society and seek understanding and solutions to those problems. It represented an effective approach to engage a younger generation into thinking about research and stewardship of plants and their foliage and, more generally, about the merits of a science career.
Development of quantitative and concise measurement method of oxygen in fine bubble dispersion (2022)

Fine bubbles (FBs) have attracted significant attention in several research fields. Although some reports have argued that FB dispersion is useful as an oxygen (gas) carrier, only a few reports have examined its properties as an oxygen carrier using experimental data. As one of the reasons for this, there are no standard methods for measuring the oxygen content in FB dispersions. Conventional oxygen measurement methods have certain drawbacks in accuracy or speed; thus, it is difficult to use oxygen content as the primary outcome. In this study, we introduce a Clark-type polarographic oxygen electrode device (OXYG1-PLUS) for oxygen measurement, allowing the dilution of FB dispersion without the influence of ambient air and the adhesion of FBs on the electrode surface due to its special shape. First, the accuracy of our dilution method was evaluated using pure water as a sample, and it was confirmed that our method could measure with an accuracy of ±0.5 mg/L from the results with conventional dissolved oxygen meters. Second, the oxygen content in FB dispersion was evaluated with our method and a chemical titration method (Winkler's method), and it was found that our method could measure the oxygen content in FB dispersions quantitively. This method satisfies the easiness (4 steps) and quickness (within 8 min) for a wide range of oxygen contents (0 to 332 mg/L, theoretical range) with low coefficient variation (< 4.7%) and requires a small sample volume (50-500 μL); thus, it is a useful method for measuring the oxygen in FB dispersions.
Novel Omics Technologies in Nutraceutical and Functional Food Research (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Abstract Introduction Transcriptomics in Nutritional Research Proteomics in Nutritional Research Metabolomics in Nutritional Research Systems Biology in Nutritional Research Conclusions Acknowledgments References
PSODA: Better Tasting and Less Filling Than PAUP (2007)

Abstract—PSODA is an open-source phylogenetic search application that implements traditional parsimony and likelihood search techniques as well as advanced search algorithms. PSODA is compatible with PAUP and the search algorithms are competitive with those in PAUP. PSODA also adds a basic scripting language to the PAUP block, making it possible to easily create advanced meta-searches. Additionally, PSODA provides a user-friendly GUI with real-time graphing visualizations and phylogeny viewer, and a multiple sequence alignment algorithm PSODA is freely available from the PSODA web site:
A morphologic study of bronchus‐associated lymphoid tissue in turkeys (1990)

Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) in normal turkeys of ages 1 day and 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 18 weeks was examined by light microscopy and by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Turkey BALT resembled other mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues; it was made up of a population of lymphocytes covered by a specialized epithelium different from typical pseudostratified ciliated columnar bronchial epithelium. There were distinct age-related differences in BALT structure. Bronchus-associated lymphoid nodules were larger and more numerous in older turkeys. In 1-day- to 2-week-old turkeys, the primary cell type of BALT epithelium was nonciliated cuboidal; in 2-week old turkeys it was squamous; and in turkeys older than 4-weeks of age, the epithelium was primarily ciliated columnar. In 1- to 4-week old turkeys, large numbers of intraepithelial lymphocytes disrupted the normal organization of the epithelium. In older turkeys, epithelial and lymphoid cells were in discrete compartments separated by connective tissue. Lymphocytes in 1-day-old turkeys were found in loose aggregates around venules and within the epithelium. In 1-week old turkeys, lymphocytes were organized into compartments of morphologically similar cells. By 3-weeks of age, lymphocytes were present in distinct germinal centers. Epithelial cells of BALT did not have large numbers of apical vesicles and thus were not structurally specialized for antigen uptake by endocytosis. However, the epithelial barrier appeared to be disrupted over lymphoid nodules, suggesting that antigen would be readily available to lymphocytes and phagocytes in BALT. Age-related differences in turkey BALT structure may have functional consequences with respect to the respiratory immune response.
Microlens array help imaging hidden objects for medical applications (2005)

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a new method of seeing objects hidden in a scattering medium from multiple speckle images. The objects hidden between two biological tissues (chicken breast) are reconstructed from many speckled images formed by a microlens array. Each microlens from the array projects a small different speckle image of the hidden object onto a CCD camera. The entire noisy images from the array are digitally processed to obtain the desired image of the hidden objects. Following the first proposed method, a different algorithm implemented on the same optical system has been developed. This modified algorithm, based on the point-source reference method improves the resolution of the previous method. Laboratory experiments with two kinds of objects are presented.
The mass spectra of cyclo‐tripeptides of B‐alanine and 3‐amino‐3‐methyl butanoic acid (1973)

Abstract The cyclo ‐tripeptides of B‐alanine and of 3‐amino‐3‐methyl butanoic acid have been synthesised, the latter for the first time, and structures were confirmed by elemental analysis and mass spectrometry; accurate mass measurements showed that carbon monoxide was lost from the molecular ions; prominent peaks in the mass spectrum of both cyclic peptides are otherwise consistent with those reported for α‐peptides.
Spacetime faces (2004)

We present an end-to-end system that goes from video sequences to high resolution, editable, dynamically controllable face models. The capture system employs synchronized video cameras and structured light projectors to record videos of a moving face from multiple viewpoints. A novel spacetime stereo algorithm is introduced to compute depth maps accurately and overcome over-fitting deficiencies in prior work. A new template fitting and tracking procedure fills in missing data and yields point correspondence across the entire sequence without using markers. We demonstrate a data-driven, interactive method for inverse kinematics that draws on the large set of fitted templates and allows for posing new expressions by dragging surface points directly. Finally, we describe new tools that model the dynamics in the input sequence to enable new animations, created via key-framing or texture-synthesis techniques.
Removal of bowel aerobic gram‐negative bacteria is more effective than immunosuppression with cyclophosphamide and steroids to decrease natural α‐Galactosyl IgG antibodies (2001)

Natural alpha-Galactosyl (Gal) antibodies play an important role in the rejection of pig xenografts by humans and Old World monkeys. In this study we investigate the efficacy of two different strategies to reduce the serum level of natural anti-Gal antibodies. On the one hand, removal of aerobic gram-negative bacteria from the intestinal flora, because anti-Gal antibodies appear to be produced as a result of the continuous sensitization by these microorganisms. On the other hand, we studied the effect on these antibodies of an immunosuppressive regimen of cyclophosphamide and steroids. Ten baboons were treated for three months with norfloxacin (Nor Group; n=6) or cyclophosphamide and steroids (CyP Group; n=4). A further four baboons did not receive any treatment (Control Group). Aerobic gram-negative bacteria became negative in stools of the Nor Group after two weeks of treatment, and remained undetectable until week 7. Thereafter, a gradual increase on the fecal concentration of aerobic gram-negative bacteria was observed despite the norfloxacin treatment. The mean anti-Gal IgG in the Nor Group gradually declined from week 4 to 9 to a mean of 62.7 +/- 18% of the baseline level, and during this period were significantly lower than in the CyP (P<0.02) and the Control (P<0.05) groups. No differences were observed between the three groups during the 16 weeks of follow-up in serum levels of anti-Gal IgM, hemolytic anti-pig antibodies, total IgG, IgM and IgA. In conclusion, removal of normal aerobic gram-negative bacteria from the intestinal flora is more effective than immunosuppression with CyP and steroids in reducing the level of natural anti-Gal antibodies, although there is no discernible effect on IgM antibodies.
Pulmonary Vascular Destabilization in the Premetastatic Phase Facilitates Lung Metastasis (2009)

Before metastasis, certain organs have already been influenced by primary tumors. However, the exact alterations and regulatory mechanisms of the premetastatic organs remain poorly understood. Here, we report that, in the premetastatic stage, angiopoietin 2 (Angpt2), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 3, and MMP10 are up-regulated in the lung by primary B16/F10 tumor, which leads to the increased permeability of pulmonary vasculatures and extravasation of circulating tumor cells. Subsequent studies show that Angpt2, MMP3, and MMP10 have a synergistic effect on disrupting vascular integrity in both in vitro and in vivo models. Lentivirus-based in vivo RNA interference of Angpt2, MMP3, and MMP10 attenuates the pulmonary vascular permeability and suppresses the infiltration of myeloid cells in the premetastatic lung. Moreover, knocking down these factors significantly inhibits the spontaneous lung metastasis in the model by orthotopic implantation of MDA-MB-231-Luc-D3H1 cells in nude mice. Further investigations reveal that the malignancy of tumor cells is positively correlated with their capabilities to induce the expression of Angpt2, MMP3, and MMP10. Luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay also suggest that transforming growth factor-beta1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha signaling are involved in the regulation of these premetastatic factors. Our study shows that pulmonary vascular destabilization in the premetastatic phase promotes the extravasation of tumor cells and facilitates lung metastasis, which may provide potential targets for clinical prevention of metastasis.
Iron Catalyst Chemistry in High Pressure Carbon Monoxide Nanotube Reactor (2001)

The high-pressure carbon monoxide (HiPco) technique for producing single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) is analyzed using a chemical reaction model coupled with properties calculated along streamlines. Streamline properties for mixing jets are calculated by the FLUENT code using the k-e turbulent model for pure carbon monixide. The HiPco process introduces cold iron pentacarbonyl diluted in CO, or alternatively nitrogen, at high pressure, ca. 30 atmospheres into a conical mixing zone. Hot CO is also introduced via three jets at angles with respect to the axis of the reactor. Hot CO decomposes the Fe(CO)5 to release atomic Fe. Cluster reaction rates are from Krestinin, et aI., based on shock tube measurements. Another model is from classical cluster theory given by Girshick's team. The calculations are performed on streamlines that assume that a cold mixture of Fe(CO)5 in CO is introduced along the reactor axis. Then iron forms clusters that catalyze the formation of SWNTs from the Boudouard reaction on Fe-containing clusters by reaction with CO. To simulate the chemical process along streamlines that were calculated by the fluid dynamics code FLUENT, a time history of temperature and dilution are determined along streamlines. Alternative catalyst injection schemes are also evaluated.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Cord serum lipidome in prediction of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes. (2013)

Previous studies show that children who later progress to type 1 diabetes (T1D) have decreased preautoimmune concentrations of multiple phospholipids as compared with nonprogressors. It is still unclear whether these changes associate with development of β-cell autoimmunity or specifically with clinical T1D. Here, we studied umbilical cord serum lipidome in infants who later developed T1D (N = 33); infants who developed three or four (N = 31) islet autoantibodies, two (N = 31) islet autoantibodies, or one (N = 48) islet autoantibody during the follow-up; and controls (N = 143) matched for sex, HLA-DQB1 genotype, city of birth, and period of birth. The analyses of serum molecular lipids were performed using the established lipidomics platform based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. We found that T1D progressors are characterized by a distinct cord blood lipidomic profile that includes reduced major choline-containing phospholipids, including sphingomyelins and phosphatidylcholines. A molecular signature was developed comprising seven lipids that predicted high risk for progression to T1D with an odds ratio of 5.94 (95% CI, 1.07-17.50). Reduction in choline-containing phospholipids in cord blood therefore is specifically associated with progression to T1D but not with development of β-cell autoimmunity in general. PMID: 23630305