gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic Control and Integration of Maturation and Germination Pathways in Seed Development (1995)

The viviparous and germination mutants of maize and Arabidopsis thaliana illuminate the mechanism that integrates control of morphogenetic, maturation, dormancy, and germination pathways in seed development. Key elements of this mechanism include (a) developmental control of abscisic acid and gibberellin hormone synthesis and perception, (b) integration of maturation and anthocyanin pathways in the maize seed, (c) functions of the VP1 and ABI3 factors in abscisic acid-regulated gene expression, and (d) intrinsic developmental genes that couple seed maturation to the program of embryo morphogenesis. The scarcity of mutants that affect timing or tissue specificity of hormone synthesis in the seed is an important constraint to progress in understanding the role of hormone signals. The interactions among the abscisic acid-insensitive abil, abi2, abi3, abi4, and abi5 mutants of A. thaliana are consistent with multiple pathways of abscisic acid signal transduction in the seed. The maize Vp1 and A. thaliana Abi3 genes are functional homologs that mediate a seed-specific abscisic acid response necessary for maturation. The specific roles of these genes in controlling dormancy and anthocyanin synthesis in the seed have diverged since the evolutionary separation of maize and A. thaliana. The coupling of anthocyanin synthesis to maturation in maize may have resulted from changes in the downstream cl regulatory gene rather than a functional change in VPl. Functional analysis indicates that VP1 is a transcriptional activator of the Em and C1 genes in maize, although its specific role in abscisic acid signal transduction remains poorly understood. The lecl and fus3 mutants of A. thaliana and pleiotropic viviparous mutants of maize may identify intrinsic factors that couple the maturation pathway to embryo morphogenesis.
9.4T human MRI: Preliminary results (2006)

This work reports the preliminary results of the first human images at the new high-field benchmark of 9.4T. A 65-cm-diameter bore magnet was used together with an asymmetric 40-cm-diameter head gradient and shim set. A multichannel transmission line (transverse electromagnetic (TEM)) head coil was driven by a programmable parallel transceiver to control the relative phase and magnitude of each channel independently. These new RF field control methods facilitated compensation for RF artifacts attributed to destructive interference patterns, in order to achieve homogeneous 9.4T head images or localize anatomic targets. Prior to FDA investigational device exemptions (IDEs) and internal review board (IRB)-approved human studies, preliminary RF safety studies were performed on porcine models. These data are reported together with exit interview results from the first 44 human volunteers. Although several points for improvement are discussed, the preliminary results demonstrate the feasibility of safe and successful human imaging at 9.4T.
As-awareness in Tor path selection (2009)

Tor is an anonymous communications network with thousands of router nodes worldwide. An intuition reflected in much of the literature on anonymous communications is that, as an anonymity network grows, it becomes more secure against a given observer because the observer will see less of the network. In particular, as the Tor network grows from volunteers operating relays all over the world, it becomes less and less likely for a single autonomous system (AS) to be able to observe both ends of an anonymous connection. Yet, as the network continues to grow significantly, no analysis has been done to determine if this intuition is correct. Further, modifications to Tor's path selection algorithm to help clients avoid an AS-level observer have not been proposed and analyzed.
Sierra/SolidMechanics 4.52 Capabilities in Development (2019)

This user's guide documents capabilities in Sierra/SolidMechanics which remain "in-development" and thus are not tested and hardened to the standards of capabilities listed in Sierra/SM 4.52 User's Guide. Capabilities documented herein are available in Sierra/SM for experimental use only until their official release. These capabilities include, but are not limited to, novel discretization approaches such as peridynamics and the reproducing kernel particle method (RKPM), numerical fracture and failure modeling aids such as the extended finite element method (XFEM) and J-integral, explicit time step control techniques, dynamic mesh rebalancing, as well as a variety of new material models and finite element formulations.
Control of scarring in adult wounds using antisense transforming growth factor‐β1 oligodeoxynucleotides (1996)

Adult wounds heal with scar formation, whereas fetal wounds heal without scarring and with a lesser inflammatory and cytokine response. We reasoned that a strategy employing antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) complementary to transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta-1 mRNA might decrease the scarring of dermal wounds in the mouse. To evaluate this concept, we tested the effects of antisense ODN targeted to TGF-beta 1 mRNA by topical application of the ODN on the skin wound. Phosphorothioation of ODN to retard their degradation. When antisense TGF-beta 1 ODN were applied on the wound site, there was marked reduction of scarring compared with a control wound site. This effect of antisense TGF-beta 1 ODN on scar formation was associated with decreased expression of the TGF-B1 gene. However, sense TGF-beta 1 ODN had no effect on the expression of the TGF-beta 1 gene. In addition, control wounds healed with excessive fibrosis compared with the antisense-treated wounds. In conclusion, our results indicate that antisense TGF-beta 1 ODN could be used for ameliorating scar formation during wound healing.
Efficacy of Chicken Litter and Wood Biochars and Their Activated Counterparts in Heavy Metal Clean up from Wastewater (2015)

It is known that properties of activated biochars are tightly associated with those of the original feedstock as well as pyrolysis and activation conditions. This study examined two feedstock types, pine wood shavings and chicken litter, to produce biochars at two different pyrolysis temperatures and subsequently activated by steam, acid or base. In order to measure activation efficiency, all materials were characterized for their properties and ability to remediate two well-known heavy metals of concern: copper and arsenic. Base activated biochars were superior in arsenic adsorption, to acid or steam activated samples, but increase in adsorption was not significant to warrant use. For wood biochars, significant increases of surface functionality as related to oxygen bearing groups and surface charge were observed upon acid activation which led to increased copper ion adsorption. However, oxygen bearing functionalities were not sufficient to explain why chicken litter biochars and steam activated biochars appeared to be significantly superior to wood shavings in positively charged metal ion adsorption. For chicken litter, functionality of respective biochars could be related to phosphate containing groups inherited from feedstock composition, favorably positioning this feedstock in metal ion remediation applications.
Power-efficient Instruction Encoding Optimization for Various Architecture Classes (2008)

A huge application domain, in particular, wireless and handheld devices strongly requires flexible and power-efficient hardware with high performance. This can only be achieved with Application Specific Instruction-Set Processors (ASIPs). A key problem is to determine the instruction encoding of the processors for achieving minimum power consumption in the instruction bus and in the instruction memory. In this paper, a framework for determining power-efficient instruction encoding in RISC and VLIW architectures is presented. We have integrated existing and novel techniques in this framework and propose novel heuristic approaches. The framework accepts an existing processor’s instruction-set and a set of implementations of various applications. The output, which is an optimized instruction encoding under the constraint of a well-defined cost model, minimizes the power consumption of the instruction bus and the instruction memory. This results in strong reduction of the overall power consumption. Case studies with commercial embedded processors show the effectiveness of this framework.
A review of the properties of Nb3Sn and their variation with A15 composition, morphology and strain state (2006)

This article gives an overview of the available literature on simplified, well defined (quasi-)homogeneous laboratory samples. After more than 50 years of research on superconductivity in Nb3Sn, a significant amount of results are available, but these are scattered over a multitude of publications. Two reviews exist on the basic properties of A15 materials in general, but no specific review for Nb3Sn is available. This article is intended to provide such an overview. It starts with a basic description of the Niobium-Tin intermetallic. After this it maps the influence of Sn content on the the electron-phonon interaction strength and on the field-temperature phase boundary. The literature on the influence of Cu, Ti and Ta additions will then be briefly summarized. This is followed by a review on the effects of grain size and strain. The article is concluded with a summary of the main results.
Presidential Address Together We Are One (2006)

President Read at the Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Chicago, Illinois, March 24, 2006.
Supplementary Data Table S1: Meta-analysis of Lithium-Ion Batteries (2019)

This data table contains literature values regarding the specific energy and greenhouse gas emissions during production and end-of-life of lithium-ion batteries.
Retinoic Acid Receptor Ligands Based on the 6‐Cyclopropyl‐2,4‐hexadienoic Acid. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Perceptually Adaptive Rate-Distortion Optimization for Variable Block Size Motion Alignment in 3D Wavelet Coding (2006)

A novel content adaptive rate-distortion optimization scheme has been proposed. The scheme can effectively distinguish texture regions, edge regions and flat regions using a directional field technique. Since the human visual system (HVS) perceives distortions more easily near edges and in flat regions, distortion reduction is more important in those regions than the bits it consumes to code the motion information. Adaptive rate-distortion optimization is carried out by adjusting the Lagrangian multiplier so that small values are assigned to edge and flat regions and large values to the random texture region. The proposed scheme has been tested in the scalable video coding (SVC) reference codec by Microsoft Research Asia (MSRA) (Xu, J. et al., ISO/EEC JTC/WG11 M10569, S05, 2004). Experimental results show that the accuracy of motion alignment in visually important regions is greatly improved in the temporal transform step of 3D wavelet coding and the scheme effectively preserves details in the most perceptually prominent regions for all bitstream layers, with no loss in PSNR.
Optical design of a hyperspectral imaging system using dispersion engineered metasurface (2021)

An optical metasurface with a diameter of 175 microns that simultaneously focuses and separates a continuum of wavelengths over a 100 nm bandwidth is presented. The evolution of the point spread function over 20 degrees of incidence makes this component suitable for hyperspectral imaging applications.
Iron-ore sinter produced from a mix containing waste materials (1993)

The production of iron and steel generates various types of waste materials containing oxides, carbon, and flux material. Usually, these materials are land-filled at the plant site or are hauled away for disposal. Some of these waste materials are hazardous, and they must therefore be recycled or disposed of properly. The influence of different waste materials in iron-ore sinter blends on the quality and operational parameters in sinter production is descriptionbed. The recycling of waste materials such as dolochar, scrap fines, mill scale, electric-arcfurnace slag, basic-oxygen-furnace mud via the sintering process can achieve a saving in the cost of the raw materials (for example, fuels and flux) and a reduction in pollution. A comparison of a typical sinter with a sinter produced through the utilization of waste materials shows a distinct correlation between certain types of waste material and some metallurgical properties and operational parameters. Dolochar (and arc-furnace slag) in a sinter blend acts as part of the fuel and flux that are normally added to a sinter mix. In general, dolochar improves the quality of the sinter and decreases the consumption of coke. Other waste materials adversely influence the quality of the sinter, but not necessarily the operational parameters such as the production rate. At Vanderbijlpark, approximately 15 kt of various waste materials per month are successfully recycled in the sinter plant. Investigations into the handling and recycling of other waste materials may indicate that even more waste materials can be utilized.
Infrastructures and Societal Change. A View from the Large Technical Systems Field (2004)

Infrastructural and societal changes intertwine in multiple ways. This makes the societal implications of infrastructural projects difficult to assess and anticipate. Yet in present day network societies this task is particularly urgent. This paper first identifies two positions that tend to monopolize and deadlock debates. Next it examines two decades of research in the Large Technical System (LTS) research field for alternative approaches to this issue, before finally suggesting distinguishing between the four increasingly indirect moments of (co-) construction of infrastructures and societies. These may be related causally, but also add their own moments of contingency, agency, and choice.
Making a Name: Women's Surnames at Marriage and Beyond (2004)

This paper tracks the fraction of college graduate women who kept their surnames upon marriage and after childbirth and explores some of the correlates of surname retention. Data from the New York Times, Harvard College alumni books, and Massachusetts birth records are used. Surname retention at marriage greatly increased from 1975 to about 1985 although Massachusetts birth records and the Harvard data show a decrease in the fraction keeping their surnames beginning around the early 1990s. The observable characteristics of importance in surname retention are those revealing that the bride has already “made a name” for herself.
Media for study of growth kinetics and envelope properties of iron-deprived bacteria (1987)

Ion-exchange chromatography was used to remove iron from complex and chemically defined laboratory media. The kinetics of metal cation removal from the media was investigated by using atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and the results indicated that over 90% of the iron could be eliminated from certain complex media by this treatment. The treated medium was used for growth studies in a gram-positive and a number of gram-negative organisms that were isolated from infections in humans. High-molecular-weight outer membrane proteins that are known to be induced under iron-depleted growth conditions (iron-regulated membrane proteins) were observed when a number of gram-negative pathogens were cultivated in the treated media. Iron uptake by Staphylococcus aureus varied, depending on the iron content of the medium.
Electrochemistry of noble-metal electrodes in aprotic organic solvents containing lithium salts. Technical report No. 69, 1989-1990 (1990)

The electrochemical behavior of various non-aqueous organic electrolyte systems has been investigated using inert metal electrodes. The system studies included propylene carbonate, dimethoxyethane and tetrahydrofuran solutions of LiC10, LiAsF6, LiSO3CF3 and Bu4NC104. The electrode metals included polycrystalline gold and silver. Various techniques including cyclic voltammetry, FTIR and XPS were used to characterize the main electrochemical reactions that occur in these systems. Several separate film forming processes have been identified, including reduction of solvent, the salt, and traces of oxygen and water. The surface films formed in these processes lead to the apparent stability of these systems at low potentials. Li UPD was also examined and was found to be controlled by the nature of the surface films through which lithium is deposited.
Influence of Alcohol β‐Fluorination on Hydrogen‐Bond Acidity of Conformationally Flexible Substrates (2016)

Rational modulations of molecular interactions are of significant importance in compound properties optimization. We have previously shown that fluorination of conformationally rigid cyclohexanols leads to attenuation of their hydrogen-bond (H-bond) donating capacity (designated by pK<sub>AHY</sub> ) when OH⋅⋅⋅F intramolecular hydrogen-bond (IMHB) interactions occur, as opposed to an increase in pK<sub>AHY</sub> due to the fluorine electronegativity. This work has now been extended to a wider range of aliphatic β-fluorohydrins with increasing degrees of conformational flexibility. We show that the observed differences in pK<sub>AHY</sub> between closely related diastereomers can be fully rationalized by subtle variations in populations of conformers able to engage in OH⋅⋅⋅F IMHB, as well as by the strength of these IMHBs. We also show that the Kenny theoretical V<sub>α</sub> (r) descriptor of H-bond acidity accurately reflects the observed variations and a calibration equation extended to fluorohydrins is proposed. This work clearly underlines the importance of the weak OH⋅⋅⋅F IMHB in the modulation of alcohol H-bond donating capacity.
Resistenz von primären humanen Hepatozyten für TRAIL-induzierte Apoptose ist abhängig von Caspase-8 Aktivierung und Kulturbedingungen (2015)

TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induziert Apoptose über die „Death Domain“-haltigen TRAIL-Rezeptor 1 (TRAIL-R1) und TRAIL-R2, während für TRAIL-R3, TRAIL-R4 und OPG eine die TRAIL-induzierte Apoptose inhibierende Wirkung vorgeschlagen wurde. TRAIL zeigt potente Anti-Tumor-Wirkung nach systemischer Applikation in-vivo, ohne dass inbesondere hepatotoxische Nebenwirkungen wie bei anderen TNF-Familienmitliedern, wie TNF und CD95L, beobachtet wurden. Von primären humanen Hepatozyten-Kulturen wurde allerdings publiziert, dass sie sensitiv für TRAIL-induzierte Apoptose sind.
Prestack depth migration: Sensitivity to macro absorption model (1994)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1994Prestack depth migration: Sensitivity to macro absorption modelAuthors: R. SollieR. MittetR. SollieIKU Petroleum Research, Norway and R. MittetIKU Petroleum Research, Norwayhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822800 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822800FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited BySeismic Attenuation Computed from GLIMPCE Reflection Data and Comparison with Refraction Results SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1994ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1994 Pages: 1679 publication data© 1994 Copyright © 1994 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION R. Sollie and R. Mittet, (1994), "Prestack depth migration: Sensitivity to macro absorption model," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1422-1425. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822800 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Myocardial protection with prostacyclin after lethal endotoxemia. (1982)

A previous study of endotoxemia in dogs demonstrated that exogenous prostacyclin (PGI2), normally a product of vascular endothelium, restored the cardiac index to normal and improved survival. To account for these results, a study was undertaken to test whether PGI2 would alter isolated rat or dog cardiac mitochondrial function following incubation with plasma from endotoxemic animals. A group of five animals served as anesthetized controls. A second group of seven mongrel dogs was given 1.75 mg Escherichia coli endotoxin/kg and was observed for 5 hours without treatment. Anesthesia did not alter cardiopulmonary function; however, 30 minutes after endotoxin administration, the cardiac index decreased from 148 +/- 25 (mean +/- SD) to 111 +/- 12 ml/kg . min (P less than 0.05) and further decreased to 89 +/- 20 ml/kg . min after 4 hours. Dog plasma obtained 2 to 5 hours after endotoxin infusion, incubated with rat or dog myocardial mitochondria, decreased succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity (P less than 0.05) and depressed mitochondrial respiration in the presence of the substrate succinate and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) from 180 to 87 Natoms oxygen/mg protein . min (P less than 0.05). There was no change in oxygen consumption when substrate alone was present, nor did plasma alter the amount of ADP phosphorylation as a function of oxygen consumption. A third group of seven animals, 30 minutes after administration of 1.75 mg endotoxin/kg, was treated with 100 ng/kg . min PGI2 for 3 hours. PGI2 infusion in this group prevented the decrease in cardiac index. Plasma obtained during and after PGI2 infusion did not decrease mitochondrial SDH activity, which remained higher than that in controls (P less than 0.001); mitochondrial respiration was also not altered. A correlation was observed between cardiac index and SDH activity (r = 0.58, P less than 0.001) and between cardiac index and mitochondrial respiration (r = 0.61, P less than 0.001). In PGI2-treated dogs cardiac mitochondria were functionally and structurally normal in contrast to the depression and disruption produced by endotoxemia, as observed by enzymatic assay as well as electron microscopy. These results suggest that endotoxemia depresses cardiac mitochondrial respiration, an event related to the decrease in cardiac index. In contrast, cardiac function and mitochondrial respiration are maintained with PGI2 treatment.