gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A translational clinical trial to demonstrate anti-estrogenic activity of mushrooms (2007)

B133 Our group discovered that an extract from the white button mushroom, or Agaricus bisporus, has an aromatase inhibitory effect in a hormone-dependent xenograft murine model, and preliminary data suggest an active phytochemical. With nearly six million female breast cancer survivors in the United States, most of whom are postmenopausal and more than five years after diagnosis, there are numerous long-term breast cancer survivors who remain continuously at risk for second primary breast cancer. Large clinical trials show that aromatase inhibitors not only improve disease free survival from breast cancer recurrence but also are associated with a decreased incidence of second primary breast cancer. Because nutraceuticals are inexpensive, widely-available and generally well-tolerated, and our preclinical data suggest that orally administered white button mushroom extract reduces breast cancer tumor formation via aromatase inhibition, we have designed a translational trial that aims to prove that ingestion of white button mushroom extract will suppress aromatase-mediated estrogen biosynthesis in postmenopausal women who have survived breast cancer. Twenty-four postmenopausal female breast cancer survivors will be assigned to one of four doses of white button mushroom extract in an escalating fashion. Circulating sex steroid hormone levels will be measured pre-treatment and at scheduled intervals during the 12-week treatment period. Mass spectrometry and aromatase inhibition assays will be performed pre-dose and at multiple time points during the first day of treatment to determine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Symptom logs will be followed closely throughout the trial. Pre- and post-treatment measurements of lipid profiles and bone metabolism markers will be used as objective early biomarkers of cardiovascular and osteoporotic fracture risk as a result of estrogen deprivation. Biospecimens will be collected before, during and after treatment to allow exploratory evaluation of immunologic endpoints.
AB Block Copoly(3-alkylthiophenes): Synthesis and Chiroptical Behavior (2011)

In a first part of this article, the synthesis of AB type block copoly(3-alkylthiophene)s initiated by Ni(dppp)Cl-2, the most commonly used initiator for these polymers, is investigated. For this study the respective H-1 NMR resonances of all possible end-groups are identified. This result confirms the hypothesis that the Ni(dppp) species can walk back to the beginning of the polymer chain and that propagation can occur at both chain ends. The next part of the article studies the chiroptical behavior of AB-type block copoly(3-alkylthiophene)s with one chiral block and compares the results with those of the corresponding random copolymers. In order to obtain exclusively AB-type block copolymers, the polymers were prepared from a modified Ni initiator. They all have the same degree of polymerization but vary in the length of the respective blocks. The chiroptical behavior was studied by changing the ratio solvent/nonsolvent, meanwhile monitoring the UV-vis and circular dichroism (CD) spectra. Three series were investigated: one in which both blocks aggregate simultaneously, one in which the achiral block stacks before the chiral block, and one in which the chiral block stacks first followed by the achiral block. It was found that when the blocks stack independently, the (chiral/achiral) stacking of the latter is significantly influenced by the former. If both blocks of the polymer chains aggregate simultaneously, Cotton effects which are significantly larger than those of the chiral homopolymer are found.
Flexible, Reconfigurable, and Self-Healing TPU/Vitrimer Polymer Blend with Copolymerization Triggered by Bond Exchange Reaction (2020)

In recent decades, flexible, reconfigurable, and fast-response self-healing polymers have attracted considerable attention for both industrial field and scientific research. Mechanical blending remains the most mature, economical, effective, and the simplest approach to produce polymer blends, which can combine several distinctive advantages from different thermoplastic materials. However, such a process cannot be simply applied to thermosetting materials due to their permanent molecular structures. The synthesis of high-performance polymer blends connected by covalent cross-links remains a big challenge for the present industrial system. In this paper, we proposed a novel approach to synthesize polymer blends via blending thermosetting vitrimer containing dynamic covalent networks with thermoplastic polymers. It is demonstrated that the intrinsic relationship could be established by controlling the bond exchange reactions between the thermoset and the thermoplastic, thus triggering copolymerization. Due to the highly controlled processing conditions, the synthesized polymer is highly flexible, recyclable, and reprocessable, and possesses self-healing behavior at the same time. In addition, it shows potential applications in adhesive film and wearable electronics. This new technology opens a new way to reprocess thermoset in a fashion similar to thermoplastic in the current polymer industry.
CONFUZZIUS: A Data Dependency-Aware Hybrid Fuzzer for Smart Contracts (2021)

&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;p&gt;Smart contracts are Turing-complete programs that are executed across a blockchain. Unlike traditional programs, once deployed, they cannot be modified. As smart contracts carry more value, they become more of an exciting target for attackers. Over the last years, they suffered from exploits costing millions of dollars due to simple programming mistakes. As a result, a variety of tools for detecting bugs have been proposed. Most of these tools rely on symbolic execution, which may yield false positives due to over-approximation. Recently, many fuzzers have been proposed to detect bugs in smart contracts. However, these tend to be more effective in finding shallow bugs and less effective in finding bugs that lie deep in the execution, therefore achieving low code coverage and many false negatives. An alternative that has proven to achieve good results in traditional programs is hybrid fuzzing, a combination of symbolic execution and fuzzing. In this work, we study hybrid fuzzing on smart contracts and present ConFuzzius, the first hybrid fuzzer for smart contracts. ConFuzzius uses evolutionary fuzzing to exercise shallow parts of a smart contract and constraint solving to generate inputs that satisfy complex conditions that prevent evolutionary fuzzing from exploring deeper parts. Moreover, ConFuzzius leverages dynamic data dependency analysis to efficiently generate sequences of transactions that are more likely to result in contract states in which bugs may be hidden. We evaluate the effectiveness of ConFuzzius by comparing it with state-of-the-art symbolic execution tools and fuzzers for smart contracts. Our evaluation on a curated dataset of 128 contracts and a dataset of 21K real-world contracts shows that our hybrid approach detects more bugs than state-of-the-art tools (up to 23%) and that it outperforms existing tools in terms of code coverage (up to 69%). We also demonstrate that data dependency analysis can boost bug detection up to 18%.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
Interactions between Cellulose and (1,3;1,4)-β-glucans and Arabinoxylans in the Regenerating Wall of Suspension Culture Cells of the Ryegrass Lolium multiflorum (2021)

Plant cell walls (PCWs) form the outer barrier of cells that give the plant strength and directly interact with the environment and other cells in the plant. PCWs are composed of several polysaccharides, of which cellulose forms the main fibrillar network. Enmeshed between these fibrils of cellulose are non-cellulosic polysaccharides (NCPs), pectins, and proteins. This study investigates the sequence, timing, patterning, and architecture of cell wall polysaccharide regeneration in suspension culture cells (SCC) of the grass species <i>Lolium multiflorum</i> (<i>Lolium</i>). Confocal, superresolution, and electron microscopies were used in combination with cytochemical labeling to investigate polysaccharide deposition in SCC after protoplasting. Cellulose was the first polysaccharide observed, followed shortly thereafter by (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan, which is also known as mixed-linkage glucan (MLG), arabinoxylan (AX), and callose. Cellulose formed fibrils with AX and produced a filamentous-like network, whereas MLG formed punctate patches. Using colocalization analysis, cellulose and AX were shown to interact during early stages of wall generation, but this interaction reduced over time as the wall matured. AX and MLG interactions increased slightly over time, but cellulose and MLG were not seen to interact. Callose initially formed patches that were randomly positioned on the protoplast surface. There was no consistency in size or location over time. The architecture observed via superresolution microscopy showed similarities to the biophysical maps produced using atomic force microscopy and can give insight into the role of polysaccharides in PCWs.
Approximate Boost of the Relativistic Two-Body Problem in the Instantaneous Formalism (2001)

A simple, approximate boost rule is derived for two spinless particles that is sufficient to keep the mass invariant and to relate interactions, vertex functions, wave functions, and $t$ matrices of the instantaneous two-body problem in an arbitrary frame to those in the c.m. frame. The boost generator $\mathbf{K}$ that is used provides a solution to the Poincar\'e algebra except for the commutator between two components of $\mathbf{K}$, for which it provides an approximate solution.
Electrooxidation of Chlorodiphenylphosphine under Ammonia Atmosphere. Synthesis of 2,2,4,4,6,6-Hexaphenylcyclotriphosphazene and Iminobis(aminodiphenylphosphorus) Chloride (2019)

Electrooxidation of MeCN solution of chlorodiphenylphosphine in the presence of Cl -under NH3 atmosphere gave a mixture of 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenylcyclotriphosphazene and iminobis(aminodiphenylphosphorus) chloride.Cyclotriphosphazene has a 6-membered heterocyclic ring in which three P atoms and three N atoms are alternately connected.Hexaarylcyclotriphosphazene [(Ar2PN)3] was investigated as a host materials in blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes. 1 [(Ar2PN)3] was prepared by 1) reaction of [(Cl2PN)3] and ArMgBr 2 or 2) reaction of Ar2P(=O)NH2 and PPh3/CCl4. 1 However, the former reaction needs 2 weeks for completion, and the latter needs CCl4 which has heavy environmental impact.Since hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene [(Cl2PN)3, HCCP] is industrially synthesized from PCl5 and NH4Cl, 3 [(Ar2PN)3] may be produced from a reaction of Ar2PCl3 and NH3 or Ar2PCl and NH3 under oxidation conditions (Scheme 1).
The role of passive immunization in the age of SARS-CoV-2: an update (2020)

The rapid spread of the corona virus pandemic is an existential problem for many people in numerous countries. So far, there is no effective vaccine protection or proven therapy available against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In this review, we describe the role of passive immunization in times of the corona virus. Passive immunization could be a bridging technology to improve the immune defense of critically ill patients until better approaches with effective medications are available.
Failure event prediction using the Cox proportional hazard model driven by frequent failure signatures (2006)

Abstract The analysis of event sequence data that contains system failures is becoming increasingly important in the design of service and maintenance policies. This paper presents a systematic methodology to construct a statistical prediction model for failure event based on event sequence data. First, frequent failure signatures, defined as a group of events/errors that repeatedly occur together, are identified automatically from the event sequence by use of an efficient algorithm. Then, the Cox proportional hazard model, that is extensively used in biomedical survival analysis, is used to provide a statistically rigorous prediction of system failures based on the time-to-failure data extracted from the event sequences. The identified failure signatures are used to select significant covariates for the Cox model, i.e., only the events and/or event combinations in the signatures are treated as explanatory variables in the Cox model fitting. By combining the failure signature and Cox model approaches the proposed method can effectively handle the situation of a long event sequence and a large number of event types in the sequence. Its effectiveness is illustrated by a numerical study and analysis of real-world data. The proposed method can help proactively diagnose machine faults with a sufficient lead time before actual system failures to allow preventive maintenance to be scheduled thereby reducing the downtime costs. Keywords: Cox proportional hazard modeldiscrete event sequencefailure event predictionfailure signatures Acknowledgements Financial support for this work was provided by GE Healthcare and the National Science Foundation under grant DMI-0545600. The authors thank the editor and the referees for their valuable comments and suggestions.
Assessment of Pain and Analgesic Use in Children Following Otologic Surgery (2020)

Postoperative pain following TEES and non-TEES in children was overall low. Children undergoing TEES had a small but statistically significant decrease in pain on postoperative days 0 and 1 and decreased use of pain medications compared to non-TEES.
Injection locking at 2f of spin torque oscillators under influence of thermal noise (2017)

Experiments, numerical simulations and an analytic model were developed to elucidate the effects of noise in the synchronized state of a tunnel junction based spin torque nano oscillator (STNO). It is demonstrated that in the in plane magnetized structure, while the frequency is locked, much higher reference currents are needed to reduce the noise by phase locking. Our analysis shows that it is possible to control the phase noise by the reference microwave current (IRF) and that it can be further reduced by increasing the bias current (IDC) of the oscillator, keeping the reference current in feasible limits for applications.
Robotic deposition of model hydroxyapatite scaffolds with multiple architectures and multiscale porosity for bone tissue engineering (2007)

Model hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds with porosities spanning multiple length scales were fabricated by robocasting, a solid freeform fabrication technique based on the robotic deposition of colloidal pastes. Scaffolds of various architectures including periodic, radial, and superlattice structures were constructed. Macropores (100-600 microm) were designed by controlling the arrangement and spacing between rods of HA. Micropores (1-30 microm) and submicron pores (less than 1 microm) were produced within the rods by including polymer microsphere porogens in the HA pastes and by controlling the sintering of the scaffolds. These model scaffolds may be used to systematically study the effects of scaffold porosity on bone ingrowth processes both in vitro and in vivo.
ASMATRA: Rankin g ASs Providing Transit Service to Malware Hosters (2013)

International audience
Left Ventricular Volume Reduction and Reconstruction in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (1999)

Ischemic cardiomyopathy has a poor prognosis if the end-systolic volume index exceeds 100 mL/m2. Various procedures exist to reduce left ventricular volume. Extensive ventricular resections improve ventricular function, but have a high mortality. This led us to use other methods of ventricular volume reduction such as more conservative resections combined with left ventricular reconstructions or ventricular volume reduction with endocavitary patches. Mortality was reduced significantly by this approach. The patients that survived have remained Class I-II in a follow-up that extends up to 30 months. Surgical therapy of Class III-IV ischemic cardiomyopathy is feasible, but aggressive ventricular resections have a high mortality. We advocate a more reconstructive approach with limited or no ventricular resection.
Biopolymer-Released Dexamethasone Prevents Tumor Necrosis Factor α-Induced Loss of Auditory Hair Cells In Vitro (2008)

Polymer-eluted DXMb retains its otoprotection capabilities in our in vitro test system of TNFalpha-challenged organ of Corti explants by altering the pattern of gene expression to favor survival of TNFalpha-exposed HCs. These results, although in vitro, support the application of polymer containing DXMb to electrode arrays for the conservation of hearing during cochlear implantation.
Protein interaction affinity determination by quantitative FRET technology (2012)

The dissociation constant, K(d) , is an important parameter for characterizing protein-protein interaction affinities. SUMOylation is one of the important protein post-translational modifications and it involves a multi-step enzymatic cascade reaction, resulting in peptide activation and substrate conjugation. Multiple covalent and non-covalent protein-protein interactions are involved in this cascade. Techniques involving Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) have been widely used in biological studies in vitro and in vivo, and they are very powerful tools for elucidating protein interactions in many regulatory cascades. In our previous studies, we reported the attempt to develop a new method for the determination of the K(d) by FRET assay using the interaction of SUMO1 and its E2 ligase, Ubc9 as a test system. However, the generality and specifications of this new method have not been fully determined. Here we report a systematic approach for determining the dissociation constant (K(d) ) in the SUMOylation cascade and for further sensitivity and accuracy testing by the FRET technology. From a FRET donor to acceptor concentration ratio range of 4-40, the K(d) s of SUMO1 and Ubc9 consistently agree well with values from surface plasmon resonance and isothermal titration calorimetry. These results demonstrate the high sensitivity and accuracy of the FRET-based K(d) determination approach. This technology, therefore, can be used in general for protein-protein interaction dissociation constant determination.
Systemic perturbations of the kynurenine pathway precede progression to dementia independently of amyloid-β (2022)

Increasing evidence suggests that kynurenine pathway (KP) dyshomeostasis may promote disease progression in dementia. Studies in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients confirm KP dyshomeostasis in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) which correlates with amyloid-β and tau pathology. Herein, we performed the first comprehensive study assessing baseline levels of KP metabolites in participants enrolling in the Australian Imaging Biomarkers Flagship Study of Aging. Our purpose was to test the hypothesis that changes in KP metabolites may be biomarkers of dementia processes that are largely silent. We used a cross-sectional analytical approach to assess non-progressors (N = 73); cognitively normal (CN) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) participants at baseline and throughout the study, and progressors (N = 166); CN or MCI at baseline but progressing to either MCI or AD during the study. Significant KP changes in progressors included increased 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid/anthranilic acid (3-HAA/AA) ratio, the latter having the largest effect on the odds of an individual being a progressor (OR 35.3; 95% CI between 14 and 104). 3-HAA levels were hence surprisingly bi-phasic, high in progressors but low in non-progressors or participants who had already transitioned to MCI or dementia. This is a new, unexpected and interesting result, as most studies of the KP in neurodegenerative disease show reduced 3-HAA/AA ratio after diagnosis. The neuroprotective metabolite picolinic acid was also significantly decreased while the neurotoxic metabolite 3-hydroxykynurenine increased in progressors. These results were significant even after adjustment for confounders. Considering the magnitude of the OR to predict change in cognition, it is important that these findings are replicated in other populations. Independent validation of our findings may confirm the utility of 3-HAA/AA ratio to predict change in cognition leading to dementia in clinical settings.
Mission Support for the Communications/Navigation Outage Foreacst System (2005)

Abstract : This project provides mission support for the Communication/Navigation Outage Forecast System (C/NOFS) under BAA VS-03-01 during its first 4 years of operation. Cornell is required to support the mission with ground-based radar observations of background ionospheric parameters and of equatorial spread F events from the Jicamarca Radio Observatory near Lima, Peru. In the pre-launch period for C/NOFS, Cornell and Jicamarca contributed to the project by measuring plasma density, drift, temperature, and composition profiles during eight campaign periods. The data were processed and made available to AFRL for model validation and also for the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) CalVal operations. Cornell also developed an extensive collection of codes for processing incoherent scatter data from the Altair radar, which also will provide support for the C/NOFS mission. Finally, Cornell undertook a new theoretical formulation of the ionospheric stability problem that stresses the role of shear instabilities in preconditioning the post-sunset ionosphere. The work led to the production of two manuscripts (published or in press) and to a number of presentations.
<title>Early detection of dysplasia in colon and bladder tissue using laser-induced fluorescence</title> (1991)

Laser induced fluorescence has been explored as an early detection scheme for two clinically important examples of neoplasia: colorectal dysplasia and transitional cell carcinoma in the urinary bladder. In both, it is desirable to detect microscopic and biochemical changes of pre-cancer in order to identify patients at risk for developing invasive carcinoma. This paper will compare the fluorescence obtained from these two pre-cancerous conditions, and discuss the connection between the fluorescence and the morphological/molecular changes occurring in the tissue. The similarities and differences in the fluorescence will be compared to determine the general features of pre-cancerous changes that might be utilized for detection of the disease.
TRPM2 channels are not required for acute airway inflammation in OVA-induced severe allergic asthma in mice (2013)

TRPM2 is not required for airway inflammation in OVA-induced severe allergic asthma in mice. Accordingly, TRPM2 might not be a suitable therapeutic target for airway inflammation caused by allergens in humans.