gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Left ventricular assessment in myocardial infarction - The VALIANT registry (2005)

Background: How often echocardiography and cardiac catheterization are used to evaluate left ventricular (LV) function in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and how they are associated with quality of care is unknown. Methods: Patients with MI in the Valsartan in Acute Myocardial Infarction (VALIANT) registry were divided into those with (n = 1423) and without (n = 3968) heart failure (HF), and the use of either echocardiography or cardiac catheterization for LV assessment in each group was compared along with associated baseline characteristics. We evaluated the association between LV assessment and discharge medications. Using a multivariable model with a propensity analysis, we evaluated the association of LV assessment with in-hospital outcomes. Results: Of the patients with HF, 322 (22.6%) had no LV assessment. Patients with HF with LV assessment were discharged more frequently under treatment with aspirin (81.3% vs 70.0%; P Conclusion: Left ventricular assessment was frequently not performed during the in-hospital stay of patients with acute MI, including those with clinical HF, and its use was associated with better quality of care.
Mitochondrial c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase Prevents the Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Reduces Necrotic Damage in Neural Tumor Cells that Lack Trophic Support (2007)

In response to different stress signals, the c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) can trigger cell death. However, JNK also facilitates the survival and cell cycle progression of tumor cells by mechanisms that are poorly defined. Here, we show that schwannoma RN22 cells can survive and proliferate under serum-free conditions although serum withdrawal rapidly induces mitochondrial fission and swelling. Although the morphologic changes observed in the mitochondria did not trigger cytochrome c release, they were accompanied by an increase in the mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsi(M)) and of immunoreactivity for active JNK in these organelles. Pharmacologic inhibition of JNK provoked a further increase of the DeltaPsi(M), an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and a sustained decrease in cell viability due to necrosis. This increase in necrosis was prevented by the presence of ROS scavengers. Immunoreactivity for active JNK was also observed in the mitochondria of neuroblastoma 1E-115 and neuroblastoma 2a neuroblastoma cell lines on serum withdrawal, whereas active JNK was barely detected in serum-deprived fibroblasts. Accordingly, the reduction in neural tumor cell viability induced by JNK inhibition was largely attenuated in serum-deprived fibroblasts. These data indicate that local activation of JNK in the mitochondria can protect against necrotic cell death associated with ROS production, facilitating the growth of neural tumor cells subjected to serum deprivation.
Thresholds for Activation of Rabbit Retinal Ganglion Cells with Relatively Large, Extracellular Microelectrodes (2005)

RGC responses to electrical stimulation depend on the current pulse duration and location of the stimulating electrode. For an epiretinal prosthesis, short-duration current pulses may be preferable since they result in a more localized activation of the retina.
ECTOS-reusable software for navigation, guidance and control applications (2002)

Honeywell has developed the Embedded Computer Toolbox and Operating System (ECTOS), a reusable software approach for design and development of applications for use in aircraft navigation systems, land-based navigation systems, and navigation, guidance, and control of unmanned air vehicles (UAVs), missiles, standoff weapons, and munitions. ECTOS provides the user with a custom Ada run-time system, tasking executive, I/O drivers, built-in-test (BIT), navigation and Kalman filtering, and mode control. In addition, ECTOS provides the user with the Embedded Computer Toolbox (ECT) software, a core set of interfaces with Honeywell's Embedded Computer Operating System (ECTOS), allowing the user to reduce the time required to develop application specific software and provides greater flexibility in easily accommodating various mission requirements. This paper describes the ECTOS architecture and the benefits this architecture provides Honeywell and Honeywell's customers in the development of avionics systems. The role of ECTOS in two sample avionics developments (McDonnell Douglas Delta Clipper Experimental and Sikorsky Cypher UAV) is also described.
Synthesis of Anti-β-Substituted γ,δ-Unsaturated Amino Acids via Eschenmoser−Claisen Rearrangement (2006)

Anti-beta-substituted gamma,delta-unsaturated amino acids have been synthesized via a novel design of the Eschenmoser-Claisen rearrangement. The rearrangement gives good isolated yields and excellent diastereoselectivity due to (Z)-N,O-ketene acetal formation and the pseudochairlike conformations of the reaction intermediates. Upon reductive hydrolysis, important novel amino acids and amino alcohols were synthesized for the first time via this methodology.
Voltage-Dependent-Capacitor Control of Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) (2018)

A proposed voltage-dependent-capacitor tuning method for WPT systems was studied analytically, by simulation and verified experimentally. The circuit implementation applies common ferroelectric ceramic capacitors as voltage dependent elements. The experimental results on a mockup of autonomous mini-submarine charging, suggest that commercial ceramic capacitors are a viable option for tuning WPT.
Reconstitution of the folding pathway of collagen in a cell-free system: formation of correctly aligned and hydroxylated triple helices (1993)

We describe here a cell-free system which will carry out the initial stages in the synthesis, post-translational modification and assembly of type-X collagen. The mRNA coding for bovine type-X collagen was synthesized in vitro and translated in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate to yield a protein that was collagenase sensitive and could be immunoprecipitated with antibodies raised to purified avian type-X collagen. When type-X collagen was synthesized in the absence of added microsomes or in the presence of canine pancreas microsomes, the translation products showed partial resistance to digestion with pepsin but were completely degraded with a mixture of chymotrypsin and trypsin, suggesting that only incorrectly aligned non-native collagen molecules were synthesized under these conditions. When the protein was synthesized in the presence of microsomes derived from avian fibroblasts or a human fibrosarcoma cell line, the translocated product migrated as a diffuse band characteristic of hydroxylated collagen. The synthesized polypeptides were also resistant to both pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin digestion, demonstrating the formation of correctly aligned native collagen. Furthermore, the collagen polypeptides assembled into higher-order structures, possibly trimers, which were stabilized by interchain disulphide bonds. The collagen helix synthesized in vitro had a melting temperature of 41 degrees C which is comparable with the protein synthesized in vivo, further demonstrating that the polypeptides were hydroxylated and that the triple helix formed was correctly aligned.
P2‐158: Relationship between alcohol dependence and cognition in the elderly (2010)

We aimed to investigate the relationship between alcohol dependence defined as CAGE (cut down, annoyed, guilty feeling, eye-opener) and cognition in the elderly. Data obtained from 1291 subjects (1106 men and 185 women) aged above 60 years was analyzed from the Gwangju Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment Study (GDEMCIS). All subjects completed the study questionnaire including demographic characteristics, history of current and past illnesses, drug history, Korean version-Mini Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), and CAGE. Of the total (mean age 72.2 ± 6.2, mean educational level 6.8 ± 4.6), 299 (23.2%) demonstrated current or past alcohol dependence (CAGE≥ 2) and 992 (76.8%) were non-alcohol dependence. Multiple regression analysis revealed that current or past alcohol dependence were associated with an cognition (K-MMSE score) in the elderly after adjustment for age, sex and educational level (beta = -0.057, p = 0.02). These results suggest that alcohol dependence may be associated with cognitive impairment in the elderly.
When sugar is not so sweet (2015)

Chemical synthesis of glucosepane promises insights into the role of this molecule in diseases of aging [Also see Report by Draghici et al. ]
Fast Evolutionary Image Processing Using Multi-GPUs (2009)

We employed GPU to ACTIT for the purpose of reducing optimization time. The proposed method essentially performed the process that costs large computing time on GPU. Moreover, we proposed an efficient parallel model and instructed GPU-ACTIT to perform in parallel using multiple GPUs for fast processing. The optimization of the proposed method was several hundred times faster than that of the ordinary ACTIT. We experimentally showed that the proposed method is effective. In future work, we plan to implement complex filters for ACTIT using only CPU that can be implemented on GPU. We propose image-processing algorithms that are effective for GPGPU. We also aim to construct a fast evolutionary image-processing system.
Using Supervised Machine Learning to Classify Real Alerts and Artifact in Online Multisignal Vital Sign Monitoring Data* (2016)

Machine-learning models can discern clinically relevant peripheral oximetry, blood pressure, and respiratory rate alerts from artifacts in an online monitoring dataset (area under the curve > 0.87).
Kinetic and Mechanistic Studies of the Chemical Vapor Deposition of Tungsten Nitride from Bis(Tertbutylimido)Bis(Tertbutylamido)Tungsten (2001)

The chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of tungsten nitride from a single source reagent, bis(tertbutylimido)bis(tertbutylamido)tungsten ((t-BuN)2W(NHBu-t)2), is examined with particular focus placed on the mechanisms and energetics involved in the activation and thermal decomposition of this CVD precursor. The main reactions that take place are (1) activated adsorption of the precursor, (2) hydrogen addition/exchange, leading to the evolution of tert-butylamine, (3) ligand activation via both γ-hydride activation and β-methyl elimination processes, and (4) ligand decomposition via C−N bond rupture. The activation energies for each of these processes were examined and found to be ∼30 kcal/mol for the process(es) leading to the evolution of tert-butylamine and ∼40 kcal/mol for the various reactions which lead to the fragmentation of the precursor ligands (pathways which appear to involve both C−H and C−C bond activation as well as the rupture of the ligand C−N bonds). The growth surface of the deposited film contained extensive quantities of carbon in addition to tungsten and nitrogen. The data also suggest that the growth in UHV does not yield a stable bulk nitride phase. Rather, it was found that the nitrogen appears to be present at levels consistent with the formation of a solid solution and that annealing to 700 K results in the loss of the nitrogen from the bulk film (as N2).
Identification of a Sex-Specific Quantitative Trait Locus Mediating Nonopioid Stress-Induced Analgesia in Female Mice (1997)

It is increasingly appreciated that the sexes differ in their perception of noxious stimuli and in their responsivity to exogenous and endogenous analgesic manipulations. We previously reported the existence of qualitative sex differences in the neurochemical mediation of nonopioid (i.e., naloxone-insensitive) stress-induced analgesia (SIA) produced by forced swims and suggested that female mice possess a sex-specific SIA mechanism. This female-specific system is now known to be estrogen-dependent, to be ontogenetically organized, and to vary with reproductive status; however, its neurochemical identity remains obscure. In an attempt to identify candidate genes underlying SIA in both sexes, we performed a two-phase quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping experiment using the BXD/Ty recombinant inbred (RI) set derived from DBA/2J (D2) and C57BL/6J (B6) inbred mouse strains and (B6xD2)F2 hybrid mice derived from these same progenitors. All mice were subjected to 3 min forced swims in 15 degrees C water; nociceptive sensitivity on the 54 degrees C hot-plate assay was assessed immediately before and 2 min after cessation of the swim. We report the localization of a QTL statistically associated with SIA magnitude [p = 0.00000012; logarithm of the odds (LOD) = 6.1] in female mice only. This female-specific QTL, which we name Fsia1, is located on chromosome 8 at 52-84 cM from the centromere and accounts for 17-26% of the overall trait variance in this sex. The present data provide further evidence of the existence of a female-specific SIA mechanism and highlight the important role of both genetic background and gender in the inhibition of pain.
A Top-Down Spatially Resolved Electrical Load Model (2017)

The increasing deployment of variable renewable energy sources (VRES) is changing the source regime in the electrical energy sector. However, VRES feed-in from wind turbines and photovoltaic systems is dependent on the weather and only partially predictable. As a result, existing energy sector models must be re-evaluated and adjusted as necessary. In long-term forecast models, the expansion of VRES must be taken into account so that future local overloads can be identified and measures taken. This paper focuses on one input factor for electrical energy models: the electrical load. We compare two different types to describe this, namely vertical grid load and total load. For the total load, an approach for a spatially-resolved electrical load model is developed and applied at the municipal level in Germany. This model provides detailed information about the load at a quarterly-hour resolution across 11,268 German municipalities. In municipalities with concentrations of energy-intensive industry, high loads are expected, which our simulation reproduces with a good degree of accuracy. Our results also show that municipalities with energy-intensive industry have a higher simulated electric load than neighboring municipalities that do not host energy-intensive industries. The underlying data was extracted from publically accessible sources and therefore the methodology introduced is also applicable to other countries.
HIGH Kt2∙Q LAMB-WAVE SCALN-ON-SILICON UHF AND SHF RESONATORS (2018)

This paper reports, for the first time, on waveguide-based resonators implemented in scandium-doped aluminum nitride-onsilicon (ScAlN-on-Si) stack to simultaneously benefit from large piezoelectric constants of ScAlN and low acoustic dissipation in single crystal silicon. 1m-thick ScAlN film with Sc content of 7% is reactively sputtered on silicon substrates using ac-powered dualtarget S-gun magnetron with Al targets containing embedded pure Sc pellets. A Cl2/H2 based low-power plasma etching recipe is developed to pattern resonators with smooth vertical sidewalls. Inand out-of-plane waveguide-based resonator prototypes with large electromechanical coupling coefficient (kt 2 ) and high quality-factor (Q) are implemented over 80 MHz -3.5 GHz demonstrating kt 2 of 0.7%-2.9% and Q of 2000-6400. Specifically, a high 0 of 4.3 10 12 is measured for a resonator at 3.5 GHz, and a high 2 of 51 is measured at 108 MHz. The large 2 of ScAlNon-Si waveguide-based resonators along with lithographical frequency tailorability demonstrate their potential for realization of highly integrated front-end filters for multi-band 5G systems.
PURIFYing real radio interferometric observations (2017)

Next-generation radio interferometers, such as the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), will revolutionise our understanding of the universe through their unprecedented sensitivity and resolution. However, standard methods in radio interferometry produce reconstructed interferometric images that are limited in quality and they are not scalable for big data. In this work we apply and evaluate alternative interferometric reconstruction methods that make use of state-of-the-art sparse image reconstruction algorithms motivated by compressive sensing, which have been implemented in the PURIFY software package. In particular, we implement and apply the proximal alternating direction method of multipliers (P-ADMM) algorithm presented in a recent article. We apply PURIFY to real interferometric observations. For all observations PURIFY outperforms the standard CLEAN, where in some cases PURIFY provides an improvement in dynamic range by over an order of magnitude. The latest version of PURIFY, which includes the developments presented in this work, is made publicly available.
Characterization of 17 novel endoglin mutations associated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (2003)

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia type 1 (HHT1) is a vascular dysplasia caused by mutations in the endoglin (ENG) gene and associated with epistaxis, telangiectases, and a high incidence of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations. To efficiently detect deletions and insertions, we optimized a quantitative multiplex polymerase chain reaction (QMPCR) analysis. We report 17 novel mutations, of which six were detected by QMPCR. Three deletions occurring in intronic sequences were associated with a single copy of exons 9a-14, exon 5, and exons 7-8, respectively. A transient 70kDa monomeric mutant protein resulted from the in-frame deletion of exons 7 and 8 but no mutant protein was present in the other cases. Deletion (in exon 10) or insertion (in exon 7) of two nucleotides, as well as a 1-bp deletion in the small exon 9a were found by QMPCR. Sequencing was required to detect single nucleotide deletions/insertions in exons 2, 5, 6, and 8. No mutant proteins were associated with these frame shift mutations. Two novel splice site mutations resulted in skipping of exons 2 and 4, respectively, while a previously reported intron 3 splice mutant was observed as a de novo mutation. We also report five novel nonsense and missense mutations, including one de novo. Review of the 80 HHT1 families reported to date indicates that 10% would not be resolved by sequencing and that an additional 25% could be revealed by QMPCR performed prior to sequencing. Thus the use of QMPCR accelerates genetic screening for HHT1 and resolves mutations affecting whole exons.
Microprocessor system design concepts (1984)

Microprocessor system design concepts , Microprocessor system design concepts , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Plasmon-field-induced Metastable States in the Wetting Layer: Detected by the Fluorescence Decay Time of InAs/GaAs Single Quantum Dots (2020)

We report a new way to slow down the spontaneous emission rate of excitons in the wetting layer (WL) through radiative field coupling between the exciton emissions and the dipole field of metal islands. As a result, a long-lifetime decay process is detected in the emission of InAs/GaAs single quantum dots (QDs). It is found that when the separation distance from WL layer (QD layer) to the metal islands is around 20 nm and the islands have an average size of approximately 50 nm, QD lifetime may change from approximately 1 to 160 ns. The corresponding second-order autocorrelation function g(2) (τ) changes from antibunching into a bunching and antibunching characteristics due to the existence of long-lived metastable states in the WL. This phenomenon can be understood by treating the metal islands as many dipole oscillators in the dipole approximation, which may cause destructive interference between the exciton dipole field and the induced dipole field of metal islands.
Single muscle site sEMG interface for assistive grasping (2014)

We present a joint demonstration between the Robotics, Autonomous Systems, and Controls Laboratory (RASCAL) at UC Davis and the Columbia University Robotics Group, wherein a human-in-the-loop robotic grasping platform in the Columbia lab (New York, NY) is controlled to select and grasp an object by a C3-C4 spinal cord injury (SCI) subject in the UC Davis lab (Davis, CA) using a new single-signal, multi-degree-of-freedom surface electromyography (sEMG) human-robot interface. The grasping system breaks the grasping task into a multi-stage pipeline that can be navigated with only a few inputs. It integrates pre-planned grasps with on-line grasp planning capability and an object recognition and target selection system capable of handling multi-object scenes with moderate occlusion. Previous work performed in the RASCAL lab demonstrated that by continuously modulating the power in two individual bands in the frequency spectrum of a single sEMG signal, users were able to control a cursor in 2D for cursor to target tasks. Using this paradigm, four targets were presented in order for the subject to command the multi-stage grasping pipeline. We demonstrate that using this system, operators are able to grasp objects in a remote location using a robotic grasping platform.
Orthotropic closure approximations for flow-induced fiber orientation (1995)

A new family of closure approximations, called orthotropic closures, is developed for modeling of flow-induced fiber orientation. These closures approximate the fourth-order moment tensor for fiber orientation in terms of the second-order moment tensor. Key theoretical concepts are that any approximate fourth-order tensor must be orthotropic, that its principal axes must match those of the second-order tensor, and that each principal fourth-order component is a function of just two principal values of the second-order tensor. Examples of orthotropic closures are presented, including a simple form based on linear interpolation and a formula that is fitted to numerical solutions for the probability density function. These closures are tested against distribution function solutions in a variety of flow fields, both steady and unsteady, by integrating the orientation evolution equation. A scalar measure of the difference between the exact and approximate second-order tensors quantifies the errors of various closures. The orthotropic fitted closure is shown to be far more accurate than any earlier closure approximation, and slightly more accurate than Verleye and Dupret’s natural closure. Approaches for further increasing the accuracy of orthotropic closures and ultimate limits to the accuracy of any closure approximation are discussed.
Does Periconceptional Multivitamin Use Reduce the Risk for Limb Deficiency in Offspring? (1997)

There is accumulating evidence that periconceptional multivitamin use may prevent the occurrence of some birth defects other than neural tube defects. Using data from the population-based Atlanta Birth Defects Case-Control Study, we investigated the possible association between periconceptional multivitamin use and the occurrence of limb deficiency. We examined the periconceptional use of multivitamins among mothers of 117 babies with nonsyndromic limb deficiency who were liveborn or stillborn to residents of metropolitan Atlanta from 1968 to 1980 and among mothers of 3,029 control babies born without birth defects who were randomly selected through birth certificates. We found that children whose mothers were periconceptional multivitamin users had a lower risk of having a limb deficiency [odds ratio (OR) = 0.47; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.23-0.97]. This protective effect, however, was mostly seen for transverse limb deficiency (OR = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.07-1.32) and not for longitudinal deficiency (including preaxial and postaxial deficiencies; OR = 1.03; 95% CI = 0.17-4.30). Adjustment for potential confounding factors did not change these findings. We found a trend of decreasing risk for all transverse limb deficiencies with earlier vitamin use. These data indicate that mothers' periconceptional multivitamin use may reduce the risk for some types of limb deficiency among their offspring. In addition, because we did not find the protective effect for all types of limb deficiency, the data may also indicate causal heterogeneity of limb deficiencies.