gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Quantifying the Activity of Adenoviral E1A CR2 Deletion Mutants Using <i>Renilla</i> Luciferase Bioluminescence and 3′-Deoxy-3′-[<sup>18</sup>F]Fluorothymidine Positron Emission Tomography Imaging (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The adenoviral E1A CR2 mutant &lt;i&gt;dl&lt;/i&gt;922-947 has potent activity in ovarian cancer. We have used &lt;i&gt;Renilla&lt;/i&gt; luciferase bioluminescence imaging to monitor viral E1A expression and replication and [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]fluorothymidine positron emission tomography ([&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FLT-PET) to quantify the activity of &lt;i&gt;dl&lt;/i&gt;922-947 &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. We created &lt;i&gt;dl&lt;/i&gt;CR2 Ren, with the same E1A CR2 deletion as &lt;i&gt;dl&lt;/i&gt;922-947 and the luciferase gene from &lt;i&gt;Renilla reniformis&lt;/i&gt; downstream of E1. Light emitted from s.c. and i.p. IGROV1 ovarian carcinoma xenografts was measured following treatment with &lt;i&gt;dl&lt;/i&gt;CR2 Ren. Mice bearing s.c. IGROV1 xenografts were injected with 2.96 to 3.7 MBq of [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FLT 48 and 168 hours following i.t. injection of &lt;i&gt;dl&lt;/i&gt;922-947 or control virus Ad LM-X. The presence of &lt;i&gt;Renilla&lt;/i&gt; luciferase in &lt;i&gt;dl&lt;/i&gt;CR2 Ren did not reduce &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; nor &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; potency compared with &lt;i&gt;dl&lt;/i&gt;922-947. Light emission correlated closely with E1A expression &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and peaked 48 hours after &lt;i&gt;dl&lt;/i&gt;CR2 Ren injection in both s.c. and i.p. IGROV1 xenografts. It diminished by 168 hours in s.c. tumors but persisted for at least 2 weeks in i.p. models. Normalized tumor [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FLT uptake at 60 minutes (NUV&lt;sub&gt;60&lt;/sub&gt;), fractional retention, and area under radioactivity curve all decreased marginally 48 hours after &lt;i&gt;dl&lt;/i&gt;922-947 treatment and significantly at 168 hours compared with controls. There was a close linear correlation between NUV&lt;sub&gt;60&lt;/sub&gt; and both tumor proliferation (Ki67 labeling index) and thymidine kinase 1 expression. &lt;i&gt;Renilla&lt;/i&gt; luciferase bioluminescence and [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FLT-PET imaging are capable of quantifying the activity and effectiveness of E1A CR2–deleted adenoviral mutants in ovarian cancer. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(18): 9178-85)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A PRINTED 2.4 GHZ/5.8 GHZ DUAL-BAND MONOPOLE ANTENNA WITH A PROTRUDING STUB IN THE GROUND PLANE FOR WLAN AND RFID APPLICATIONS (2011)

The design of a simple microstrip fed folded strip monopole antenna (FSMA) with a protruding stub in the ground plane for the application in WLAN and RFID is presented. The antenna has two resonant paths, one in the radiating element (folded strip) and the other in the protruding stub of the ground plane. It supports two resonances at 2.4 GHz and 5.81 GHz, which are the center frequencies of WLAN and RFID. Effectively consistent radiation pattern and large percentage bandwidth have been observed. The measured percentage fractional bandwidth at 2.4 GHz (2.05 GHz to 2.86 GHz) is 32.99, and the percentage fractional bandwidth at 5.81 GHz (5.55 GHz to 6.14 GHz) is 10.11. The proposed antenna is simple and compact in size, providing broadband impedance matching, consistent radiation pattern and appropriate gain characteristics in the WLAN and RFID frequency regions.
Keratophakia With Lyophilized Cornea Lathed at Room Temperature: New Techniques and Experimental Surgical Results (1983)

A modified method of prelathing lyophilized corneal tissue at room temperature for refractive keratoplasty is described. This method allows perfect centration of a lyophilized corneal button on the plastic base and thus more accurate lathing. Keratophakia was performed with lenticules prepared in this fashion on a series of eight cats which were followed for 30 weeks postoperatively. All lenticules were clear ten weeks following surgery and the final optical correction obtained varied +/- 2.5 D from the intended correction.
Optical Measurement of 3-D Deformation in Transparent Materials (1984)

Deformation of volume holograms, such as shrinkage during processing [1], can cause deviation in the angle or wavelength for the Bragg matching condition [2], and aberrations in the reconstructed image. This problem, usually associated with the investigation of holography materials, has received much attention. The deformation models used in the literature are relatively simple, since their target is simple linear deformation. In this paper, we present a generalized theory that can deal with arbitrary deformations. We derived a general expression of the response of a volume grating to arbitrary deformation, using a perturbative approach. We constructed experiments, as shown in Figure 1, to measure the effect of the deformation due to a point-load exerted normally on the surface of a hologram on the diffracted field from both plane-wave transmission and reflection hologram. The experiment results, as Figure 2 shows, are consistent with the theory. Using this technology, we can determine the deformation itself, based on a set of observations of the field diffracted from a known (predeformation) volume hologram.
Translating Into Success (2000)

The boom in international trade has brought with it an increased demand for addressing local consumers in their native language and cultural idiom. Given the complex nature and new media involved in communicating with their constituent markets, companies are developing ever more complex tools and techniques for managing foreign-language communication. This book presents select case studies that illustrate the state-of-the-art of language management. It covers a cross-section of sectors, each of which has particular subtleties in language management: software localization finance medical devices automotive The book also covers a cross-section of topical and strategic issues: time-to-market (scheduling challenges; simultaneous release in multiple languages) global terminology management leveraging Internet, intranet, and email centralized versus decentralized management models financial and budgeting techniques human factors; management issues unique to language projects technological innovation in language management (terminology tools, automatic translation) The target audience is language professionals involved with the management aspect of language projects. This includes translators and linguists, managers at language-service providers, language managers at manufacturing/service companies, educators and language/translation students. The heart of the book is the concept of the case study, particularly the Harvard Business School case-study model. Industry leaders and analysts provide some 15 case studies covering the spectrum of language applications. Readable and nonacademic — it can serve both as a text for those studying language and translation, as well as those in the field who need to know the “state-of-the-art” in language management.
Method and apparatus for providing dynamic focusing and beam steering in an ultrasonic apparatus (1981)

First Page
Palladium catalysed aryl amination reactions in supercritical carbon dioxide (2005)

Palladium catalysed C-N bond formation in supercritical carbon dioxide has been accomplished. Carbamic acid formation is avoided in part through the use of an N-silylamine as the coupling partner. Employing a catalyst system of Pd2dba3(1 mol%) and 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',4',6'-triisopropyl-1,1'-biphenyl (X-Phos)(2 mol%) enabled the catalytic amination of aryl bromides and chlorides with N-silylanilines to be realised in excellent yield. Extension of the methodology to the N-arylation of N-silyldiarylamines, N-silylazoles and N-silylsulfonamides is reported.
Simple numerical model of OCT signal evolution due to the diffusion of an optical clearing agent (2014)

A simple numerical model is proposed to describe the process of OCT signal formation in a scattering medium (biological tissue) under the conditions of immersion chemical agent diffusion. Due to optical clearing of the tissue the shape of the OCT A-scan becomes time-dependent, thus providing information about the diffusion rate. The model includes the numerical solution of the diffusion equation, the relation between the concentration of clearing agent and the scattering coefficient, and, finally, the description of the OCT signal formation given the material parameters and with the probe beam geometry taken into account. The test calculations qualitatively reproduce the experimentally observed time behavior of A-scans in samples of human tooth dentine, caused by diffusion of different chemical agents. In particular, it is shown that the non-monotonic A-scans having a maximum can be explained by assuming that the backscattering coefficient giving rise to the OCT signal is, at least partially, subject to optical clearing alongside with the scattering coefficient responsible for the signal attenuation.
A facile recovery process for cathodes from spent lithium iron phosphate batteries by using oxalic acid (2018)

A simplistic and novel leaching process is developed to dispose spent lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ) batteries. In this paper, oxalic acid is selected as a leaching reagent to recover lithium as a resource and remove phosphorus from LiFePO 4 batteries, benefiting from its low natural effects. The physical properties of spent cathode materials (before leaching) and residues (after leaching) are identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The total amounts of Li and Fe are analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The process occurs under conditions of a 0.3 mol·L -1 oxalic acid concentration, a temperature of 80°C, a reaction time of 60 min and a solid/liquid ratio of 60 g· L -1 . It can effectively precipitate ~92% ferrum in terms of FeC 2 O 4 ·2H 2 O from LiFePO 4 , with the leaching efficiency of Li achieving up to 98%. This method demonstrates a new strategy for dealing with spent lithium iron phosphate batteries with a low cost and low environmental impact.
Understanding of bat wing evolution takes flight (2008)

It has long been debated whether the processes and mechanisms responsible for phenotypic variation within a population or between closely related populations can be extrapolated to explain evolutionary trends over longer phylogenetic distances and especially the generation of novel structures. Although there has been great progress in recent years in addressing the genetic basis for microevolutionary changes, for the most part these efforts have done little to address this debate. Evolutionary genetic studies, by their nature, can only be applied to closely related groups. For example, quantitative trait mapping is limited to species with distinct morphological traits that are capable of producing viable progeny when crossed either naturally or artificially. There are only a few cases in which linkage mapping has thus far been applied even at the distance of interspecific hybrids to identify loci responsible for morphological differences between highly related species (Sucena et al. 2003; Shapiro et al. 2004; Colosimo et al. 2005; Kronforst et al. 2006; Protas et al. 2006; McGregor et al. 2007). While the genomes of more distantly related taxa can be compared, the effect of molecular drift over millions of years has generated a large noise of sequence variation that makes the identification of specific and functionally relevant changes analogous to finding a needle in a haystack. In this issue of Genes & Development, Cretekos et al. (2008) have found one such needle—an enhancer of the paired-box homeodomain transcription factor, Prx1, that accounts for at least part of the extension of the long bones in the wings of bats.
Non-negative matrix factorization of mixed speech signals based on improved particle swarm optimization (2012)

NMF (non-negative matrix factorization) is a recently addressed speech signal processing method, In this paper, we proposed a new NMF algorithm based on improved PSO (particle swarm optimization) techniques at aims to extract non-negative components with low cross-talking error and high SNR. Compared with standard PSO algorithm, the improved PSO can overcome lower velocity of convergence by updating dynamic inertia weight. Our discussion is supported by experimental results for separating speech signals, which show that the proposed approach exhibits good performance than traditional NMF methods.
SCIP : a New Simplified Camless IAPAC Direct Injection for Low Emission Small Two-Stroke Engines (1997)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The IAPAC Direct fuel Injection (DI) system, developed by IFP, has already well proven its capability to reduce pollutants emissions and fuel consumption of 2-stroke engine. This crankcase Compressed Air Assisted Fuel Injection Process allowing the introduction of the fuel separately from the scavenging air, minimizes the fuel short-circuiting.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In earlier works, results of the implementation of the IAPAC system on cylinder displacement from 125 cc to 400 cc have been presented in various papers. These first prototypes were all using a camshaft to drive the IAPAC DI poppet valve, which was considered as a limitation for applying this system to small displacement 2-stroke engines.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The new SCIP system is no more using a camshaft. The IAPAC poppet valve used for low pressure air assisted fuel atomization and in-cylinder injection, is here actuated by a diaphragm and the lift of the valve is controlled by pressures from the engine. This system doesn't require any cam or driveshaft, or any electric power supply to drive the DI air assisted injection valve. Its camless air assisted injector unit can be easily bolt on existing 2-stroke cylinder heads with minimum engine intrusion and almost no engine design modifications.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The first development tests have been carried out on a 125 cc 2-stroke scooter engine and have shown a significant reduction of pollutants emissions and fuel consumption, demonstrating the SCIP capability to meet the marine outboard US EPA 2006 emissions legislation. Endurance testing was also performed to confirm the durability characteristics of this new system.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;More recent results obtained on a 50 cc demonstration scooter vehicle, have shown the capability of this new system to meet the European 1999 Stage 1 emissions regulation without catalyst, and Stage 2 with a small oxidation catalyst, while maintaining typical 50 cc scooter driveability and performance characteristics with engine speeds up to about 10000 RPM.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Therefore the SCIP system appears as a simple, highly efficient and easy way to reduce pollutants emissions and fuel consumption of small 2-stroke engines of cylinder displacement from 20 to more than 150 cc.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
Generalized Exploratory Model Of Human Category Learning (2007)

One problem in evaluating recent computational models of human category learning is that there is no standardized method for systematically comparing the models' assumptions or hypotheses. In the present study, a flexible general model (called GECLE) is introduced that can be used as a framework to systematically manipulate and compare the effects and descriptive validities of a limited number of assumptions at a time. Two example simulation studies are presented to show how the GECLE framework can be useful in the field of human high-order cognition research.
An Interior-Ridge Silicon Microring Modulator (2013)

We design and demonstrate a new microring modulator geometry utilizing low-resistance interior ridge contacts and a hard outer waveguide wall to achieve high-speed operation in a device with a large free spectral range (FSR). The depletion-mode silicon microring modulator utilizes a hybrid vertical-horizontal junction to maximize the frequency response for a given voltage within a compact 2.5 μm radius. The 2.5-μm radius microring modulator demonstrates low energy (4.5 fJ/bit) error-free (bit error rate <;10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> ) operation for 30 Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero data transmission without utilizing preemphasis or equalization. The modulator exhibits single mode operation over a wide, uncorrupted FSR of 5.3 THz, the largest reported in a high-speed (>25 Gb/s) modulator. The resulting combination of high-speed, low-energy operation, and a wide FSR offers the potential for very high bandwidth densities in future femtojoule-class communication links.
Decreased Expression of Serine/Arginine‐Rich Splicing Factor 1 in T Cells From Patients With Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Accounts for Reduced Expression of RasGRP1 and DNA Methyltransferase 1 (2018)

SRSF1 controls the alternative splicing of RasGRP1 and subsequent protein expression. Our findings extend evidence that alternative splicing plays a central role in the aberrant T cell function in patients with SLE by controlling the expression of multiple genes.
An Evaluation of Barley in Starter Diets for Swine (1988)

Four growth trials and one digestibility trial were conducted to determine the effects of substituting barley for grain sorghum in weanling pig diets on pig performance and nutrient digestibility. Experiments 1 and 2 were 35-d growth trials in which barley was substituted for gain sorghum at levels of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% of the diet. Average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed conversion (F/G) were not affected by dietary barley level (P greater than .50). Experiment 3 was a digestibility trial conducted to determine the apparent digestibility of dry matter (DMD), gross energy (GED), and N (ND) and percentage of N retained (%NRT) of pigs fed the 0, 20 and 40% barley diets. As dietary barley level increased, DMD and GED decreased linearly (P less than .05), whereas %NRT increased linearly (P less than .10). Apparent N digestibility was not affected by dietary treatment (P greater than .12). Experiments 4 and 5 were 35-d growth trials with treatments arranged in a 2 x 3 factorial design to determine the effects of barley particle size (fine, 635 microns or medium, 768 microns) and dried whey level (0, 10 or 20%) on pig performance. Average daily gain and ADFI increased linearly (P less than .01) as whey level increased. Pigs fed diets containing fine-ground barley grew faster and were more efficient (P less than .05) than those fed medium-ground barley diets.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
DIANA-microT web server: elucidating microRNA functions through target prediction (2009)

Computational microRNA (miRNA) target prediction is one of the key means for deciphering the role of miRNAs in development and disease. Here, we present the DIANA-microT web server as the user interface to the DIANA-microT 3.0 miRNA target prediction algorithm. The web server provides extensive information for predicted miRNA:target gene interactions with a user-friendly interface, providing extensive connectivity to online biological resources. Target gene and miRNA functions may be elucidated through automated bibliographic searches and functional information is accessible through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. The web server offers links to nomenclature, sequence and protein databases, and users are facilitated by being able to search for targeted genes using different nomenclatures or functional features, such as the genes possible involvement in biological pathways. The target prediction algorithm supports parameters calculated individually for each miRNA:target gene interaction and provides a signal-to-noise ratio and a precision score that helps in the evaluation of the significance of the predicted results. Using a set of miRNA targets recently identified through the pSILAC method, the performance of several computational target prediction programs was assessed. DIANA-microT 3.0 achieved there with 66% the highest ratio of correctly predicted targets over all predicted targets. The DIANA-microT web server is freely available at www.microrna.gr/microT.
Atomic distributed transactions (2014)

The REST architectural style supports the reliable interaction of clients with a single server. However, no guarantees can be made for more complex interactions which require to atomically transfer state among resources distributed across multiple servers. In this paper we describe a lightweight design for transactional composition of RESTful services. The approach -- based on the Try-Cancel/Confirm (TCC) pattern -- does not require any extension to the HTTP protocol. The design assumes that resources are designed to comply with the TCC pattern and ensures that the resources involved in the transaction are not aware of it. It delegates the responsibility of achieving the atomicity of the transaction to a coordinator which exposes a RESTful API.
NVP-BEZ235, a novel dual phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor, elicits multifaceted antitumor activities in human gliomas (2009)

Aberrant genetic alternations in human gliomas, such as amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor, mutation and/or deletion of tumor suppressor gene PTEN, and mutations of PIK3CA, contribute to constitutive activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway. We investigated the potential antitumor activity of NVP-BEZ235, which is a novel dual PI3K/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor in gliomas. The compound suppressed glioma cell proliferation with IC(50) values in the low nanomolar range by specifically inhibiting the activity of target proteins including Akt, S6K1, S6, and 4EBP1 in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. NVP-BEZ235 treatment of glioma cell lines led to G(1) cell cycle arrest and induced autophagy. Furthermore, expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which is an important angiogenic modulator in glioma cells, was significantly decreased, suggesting that NVP-BEZ235 may also exert an antiangiogenic effect. Preclinical testing of the therapeutic efficacy of NVP-BEZ235 showed that it significantly prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing animals without causing any obvious toxicity. Tumor extracts harvested from animals after treatment showed that the compound inhibited the activity of target proteins in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR cascade. Immunohistochemical analyses also showed a significant reduction in staining for VEGF von Willebrand factor (factor VIII) in NVP-BEZ235-treated tumor sections compared with controls, further confirming that NVP-BEZ235 has an antiangiogenic effect in vivo. We conclude from these findings that NVP-BEZ235 antagonizes PI3K and mTOR signaling and induces cell cycle arrest, down-regulation of VEGF, and autophagy. These results warrant further development of NVP-BEZ235 for clinical trials for human gliomas or other advanced cancers with altered PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling.
The Effect of Modified Broström-Gould Repair for Lateral Ankle Instability on In Vivo Tibiotalar Kinematics (2012)

Altered kinematics may contribute to the tibiotalar joint degeneration that occurs with chronic lateral ankle instability. The findings of the current study support the efficacy of this repair in improving the abnormal ankle motion observed in these patients.